TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, J
AU  - Sultan, M
TI  - Assessment of the long-term hydrologic impacts of Lake Nasser and related irrigation projects in Southwestern Egypt
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
PY  - 2002/01/01/
VL  - 262
IS  - 1-4
SP  - 68
EP  - 83
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd
SN  - 00221694
N1  - Database Contributor: AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT DATABASE; COMPOSITE RECORD. Database Contributor ID: 1028404; 903441. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Place of Publication: Elsevier BV, PO Box 211, 1000 AE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.. Accession Number: 1028404. Author Affiliation: [2007] - Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA 1; Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA 2; 
AB  - AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT Abstract: A two-dimensional groundwater flow model was constructed to investigate the long-term hydrologic impacts of Lake Nasser and the major land reclamation projects that use excess lake water in southwest Egypt. Egypt constructed (1964–1971) the Aswan High Dam, creating the Lake Nasser reservoir (length: 500 km; average width: 12 km) and is constructing the Tushka Canal to channel 5.0×109 m3/yr of Lake Nasser water to reclaim 0.5×106 acres of desert lands. The model, constrained by regional-scale groundwater flow and near-lake head data, was successfully calibrated to temporal-observation heads from 1970 to 2000 that reflect variations in lake levels. Predictive analyses for the subsequent 50-yr period were conducted by employing the calibrated model. Simulations of long-term effects, beyond year 2000, of Lake Nasser on recharge and temporal groundwater head (base case scenario) show that recharge from the lake will continue at a much slower rate than during the 30-yr period of 1970–2000 (with approximately 86% reduction in 30-yr recharge). The modest projected pumping and injection activities in the study area are not expected to cause major deviation in the overall head distribution compared to the base case scenario. The investigation of effects of the new irrigation land development on the Nubian aquifer indicated that many of the proposed irrigation areas, especially those with small aquifer thickness, will become fully saturated with introduced water, resulting in potential flooding and salinization.; A two-dimensional groundwater flow model was constructed to investigate the long-term hydrologic impacts of Lake Nasser and the major land reclamation projects that use excess lake water in southwest Egypt. Egypt constructed (1964-1971) the Aswan High Dam, creating the Lake Nasser reservoir (length: 500 km; average width: 12 km) and is constructing the Tushka Canal to channel 5.0x10E9 cubic m/yr of Lake Nasser water to reclaim 0.5x10E6 acres of desert lands. The model, constrained by regional-scale groundwater flow and near-lake head data, was successfully calibrated to temporal-observation heads from 1970 to 2000 that reflect variations in lake levels. Predictive analyses for the subsequent 50-yr period were conducted by employing the calibrated model. Simulations of long-term effects, beyond year 2000, of Lake Nasser on recharge and temporal groundwater head (base case scenario) show...
KW  - Rivers / lakes
KW  - Irrigation
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Subsurface water / Groundwater environments
KW  - Mathematical models / Equations
KW  - Dams
KW  - Africa
KW  - Egypt
KW  - Rivers / lakes
KW  - Irrigation
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Subsurface water / Groundwater environments
KW  - Mathematical models / Equations
KW  - Dams
KW  - Africa
KW  - Egypt
KW  - groundwater flow model
KW  - hydrologic impacts
KW  - lake nasser
KW  - aswan high dam
KW  - lake levels
KW  - calibrated model
KW  - groundwater recharge
KW  - nubian aquifer
KW  - tushka canal
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=1028404&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gheith, H
AU  - Sultan, M
TI  - Construction of a hydrologic model for estimating Wadi runoff and groundwater recharge in the Eastern Desert, Egypt
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
PY  - 2002/01/01/
VL  - 263
IS  - 1-4
SP  - 36
EP  - 55
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd
SN  - 00221694
N1  - Database Contributor: AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT DATABASE; COMPOSITE RECORD. Database Contributor ID: 1028800; 903422. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Place of Publication: Elsevier BV, PO Box 211, 1000 AE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.. Accession Number: 1028800. Author Affiliation: [2007] - Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA 1; Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA 2; 
AB  - AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT Abstract: We constructed a hydrologic model to estimate the groundwater recharge rate for alluvial aquifers of the Eastern Desert from sporadic precipitation over the Red Sea hills. To estimate initial losses over sub-basins, transmission losses through channel routing, and downstream runoff, we developed an integrated model combining spatial rainfall distribution, an appropriate basin unit hydrograph, and appropriate infiltration parameters. Watersheds and stream networks identified from digital terrain elevation data were verified by comparison with co-registered Landsat thematic mapper scenes and geologic maps. Records of a November 1994 storm event acquired from rain gauges along the Nile River and the Red Sea shore were used to generate a spatial precipitation distribution for the study area. A 2 hour design hyetograph was adopted from rain gauge data for the 1994 flood event. The model was tested against records from the November 1994 flood event at the outlets of the Tarfa and Hammamat watersheds.  Groundwater recharge rates were estimated for the alluvial aquifers within the major watersheds of the north Eastern Desert. We estimated that during the 1994 flood event, the ground water recharge through transmission losses ranged from 21 to 31% (Tarfa: 15.8×106 m3; Asyuti: 20×m3, Qena: 49×m3, Hammamat: 59×m3) of the precipitated volume. The initial losses ranged from 65 to 77%. Only 3–7% of the precipitation reached the watershed outlets. Archival data show that rainfall events of the size of the November 1994 storm or larger occur every 40 months; thus, the annual recharge rates for the Tarfa, Asyuti, Qena, and Hammamat alluvial aquifers are estimated at 4.7×m3, 6×m3, 14.7×m3, and 17.7×m3, respectively. Implications for the use of these renewable ground waters and similar water resources in other arid areas of Egypt and in neighboring countries are clear.; We constructed a hydrologic model to estimate the groundwater recharge rate for alluvial aquifers of the Eastern Desert from sporadic precipitation over the Red Sea hills. To estimate initial losses over sub-basins, transmission losses through channel routing, and downstream runoff, we developed an integrated model combining spatial rainfall distribution, an appropriate basin unit hydrograph, and appropriate infiltration parameters. Watersheds and stream networks identified from digital terrain elevation data were verifie...
KW  - Subsurface water / Groundwater environments
KW  - Mathematical models / Equations
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Runoff / Leaching
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Floods
KW  - Remote sensing / GIS (Geographical Information Systems)
KW  - Africa
KW  - Egypt
KW  - Subsurface water / Groundwater environments
KW  - Mathematical models / Equations
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Runoff / Leaching
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Floods
KW  - Remote sensing / GIS (Geographical Information Systems)
KW  - Africa
KW  - Egypt
KW  - hydrologic model
KW  - groundwater recharge
KW  - alluvial aquifers
KW  - precipitation
KW  - rain gauges
KW  - flood event
KW  - rainfall events
KW  - landsat thematic mappers
KW  - gis [geographic information systems]
KW  - eastern desert
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hopko, N C S
AU  - Kelley, J M
AU  - Nazar, K L
TI  - Designing a short-term process evaluation of a wellness center serving persons with HIV/AIDS
JO  - Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. Journal
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
SP  - 71
EP  - 75
PB  - Elsevier Inc.: 625 Walnut St, Curtis Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19106 United States
SN  - 10553290
N1  - Database Contributor: AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT DATABASE; HEALTHLIT; COMPOSITE RECORD. Database Contributor ID: AFD-1060727; 1060727. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES; AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: AFD-1060727. Author Affiliation: [1999-2000] - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA99352, USA 1; 
KW  - Medical Science
KW  - Bacteria / Fungi / Viruses
KW  - Diseases / Pathogens
KW  - Behaviour / Psychology
KW  - Health / Public health
KW  - Education / Information
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - Washington
KW  - Medical Science
KW  - Bacteria / Fungi / Viruses
KW  - Diseases / Pathogens
KW  - Behaviour / Psychology
KW  - Health / Public health
KW  - Education / Information
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - Washington
KW  - hiv [human immunodeficiency virus]
KW  - hiv treatment
KW  - hiv care
KW  - hiv nursing
KW  - nursing quality
KW  - nurse training
KW  - hiv education
KW  - hiv/aids care
KW  - hiv clinics
KW  - aids clinics
KW  - psychological care
KW  - physical care
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Toews, D R
AU  - Griffiths, J S
AU  - Griffith, J S
TI  - Empirical estimates of potential fish yield for the Lake Bangweulu System, Zambia, Central Africa
JO  - American Fisheries Society. Transactions
PY  - 1979/01/01/
VL  - 108
SP  - 241
EP  - 252
SN  - 00028487
AV  - Document Delivery: m.shaw@ru.ac.za or The Librarian, Margaret Smith Library, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa; Fax +27 46 622403
AV  - American Fisheries Society: 5410 Grosvenor Lane, Suite 110, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-2199, USA
N1  - Note: NATCHA Location: South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), (Formerly JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa. Database Contributor: NATURAL & CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AFRICA NATCHA; COMPOSITE RECORD. Database Contributor ID: NATCHA-430079; NATCHA-394318. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: NATCHA-430079. Author Affiliation: [1988-1993] - Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA 1; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37830, USA 2; 
AB  - NATCHA Abstract: Estimates of potential fish yield derived for the Lake Bangweulu system by three independent methods varied from 10 to 35 kg/hectare. An estimate of20 kg/hectare predicted by the regression of yield on morphoedaphic index (ME I) for 31 African lakes is in good agreement with the 1973-1974 estimated yield of 19 kg/hectare. Potential yield was 35 kg/hectare in the morphoedaphic model for 17 intensively exploited African lakes. Potential yield based on primary production covariates was 16 kg/hectare. Standing crop estimates indicated possible yields of 10 to 17 kg/hectare based on 100% and 60% sampling recovery, respectively, of fish from chemical treatment samples and a 50% annual exploitation rate.; Estimates of potential fish yield derived for the Lake Bangweulu system by three independent methods varied from 10 to 35 kg/hectare. An estimate of 20 kg/hectare predicted by the regression of yield on morphoedaphic index (MEI) for 31 African lakes is in good agreement with the 1913-1974 estimated yield of 19 kg/hectare. Potential yield was 35 kg/hectare in the morphoedaphic model for 17 intensively exploited African lakes. Potential yield based on primary production covariates was 16 kg/hectare. Standing crop estimates indicated possible yields of 10 to 17 kg/hectare based on 100% and 60% sampling recovery, respectively, of fish from chemical treatment samples and a 50% annual exploitation rate
KW  - fish
KW  - rivers / lakes
KW  - Africa
KW  - Zambia
KW  - fish
KW  - rivers / lakes
KW  - Africa
KW  - Zambia
KW  - fish assemblages
KW  - fish yields
KW  - fisheries
KW  - fishery management
KW  - freshwater species
KW  - lake bangweulu [map]
KW  - morphoedaphic index
KW  - fishery statistics
KW  - mei
KW  - primary production
KW  - yields
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winemiller, K O
AU  - Kelso-Winemiller, L C
TI  - Food habits of tilapiine cichlids of the Upper Zambezi River and floodplain during the descending phase of the hydrologic cycle
JO  - Journal of Fish Biology
PY  - 2003/01/01/
VL  - 63
IS  - 1
SP  - 120
EP  - 128
SN  - 00221112
AV  - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. Commerce Place, 350 Main St, Malden, MA 02148 United States
N1  - Note: NATCHA Location: South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), (Formerly JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology), Pvt Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa. Database Contributor: NATURAL & CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AFRICA NATCHA; COMPOSITE RECORD. Database Contributor ID: NATCHA-1077497; NATCHA-239215. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: NATCHA-1077497. Author Affiliation: [1994-2003] - Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2258, USA 1; Department of Zoology & Texas Memorial Museum, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA 2; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA 3; Department of Zoology and Texas Memorial Museum, the University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA 4; Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA 5; 
AB  - NATCHA Abstract: Habitat use and diets of five tilapiine populations of the Upper Zambezi River Basin in Zambia, south-central Africa, were examined during the 8 month descending phase of the annual hydrological cycle. All species occurred across a range of habitats, with most individuals captured from lagoons. Tilapia rendalli, a macrophyte feeder, was the only dietary specialist. Ontogenetic diet shifts were not observed over the size range examined (30–320 mm LS). Algae were uncommon in tilapiine diets. Tilapia ruweti, the smallest tilapiine in the region, was the only species that consumed more algae (filamentous algae) than detritus. Oreochromis andersonii, Oreochromis macrochir and Tilapia sparrmanii had high dietary overlap and occurred in the same habitats in similar relative abundances. High overlap in habitat use and diet among tilapiines contrasted with findings from a comparable analysis of predatory haplochromine cichlids of the region that revealed strong ecological segregation and niche complementarity during the annual descending-water phase.; Habitat use and diets of five tilapiine populations of the Upper Zambezi River Basin in Zambia, south-central Africa, were examined during the 8 month descending phase of the annual hydrological cycle. All species occurred across a range of habitats, with most individuals captured from lagoons. Tilapia rendalli, a macrophyte feeder, was the only dietary specialist. Ontogenetic diet shifts were not observed over the size range examined (30-320 mm LS). Algae were uncommon in tilapiine diets. Tilapia ruweti, the smallest tilapiine in the region, was the only species that consumed more algae (filamentous algae) than detritus. Oreochromis andersonii, Oreochromis macrochir and Tilapia sparrmanii had high dietary overlap and occurred in the same habitats in similar relative abundances. High overlap in habitat use and diet among tilapiines contrasted with findings from a comparable analysis of predatory haplochromine cichlids of the region that revealed strong ecological segregation and niche complementarity during the annual descending-water phase
KW  - Rivers / lakes
KW  - Fish
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Food / Diet
KW  - Behaviour / Psychology
KW  - Algae
KW  - freshwater environments
KW  - Cichlidae
KW  - Tilapia sparrmanii
KW  - Tilapia rendalli
KW  - Tilapia ruweti
KW  - Oreochromis andersonii
KW  - Oreochromis macrochir
KW  - Rivers / lakes
KW  - Fish
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Food / Diet
KW  - Behaviour / Psychology
KW  - Algae
KW  - freshwater environments
KW  - Cichlidae
KW  - Tilapia sparrmanii
KW  - Tilapia rendalli
KW  - Tilapia ruweti
KW  - Oreochromis andersonii
KW  - Oreochromis macrochir
KW  - habitat use
KW  - hydrological cycle
KW  - ontogenetic diet shifts
KW  - abundance
KW  - cichlids
KW  - diets
KW  - distribution
KW  - ecology
KW  - food organisms
KW  - freshwater fish
KW  - habitats
KW  - length distribution
KW  - zambezi river
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gardner, Shea N
AU  - Lam, Marisa W
AU  - Mulakken, Nisha J
AU  - Torres, Clinton L
AU  - Smith, Jason R
AU  - Slezak, Tom R
TI  - Sequencing needs for viral diagnostics
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PY  - 2004/01/01/
VL  - 42
IS  - 12
SP  - 5472
EP  - 5476
PB  - AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY: 1752 N St, NW, Washington, DC 20036-2904, USA
SN  - 00951137
N1  - Note: Record Source: This record is provided from the MEDLINE database of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), United States. The index terms may have been modified to conform with terminology used throughout the database; HEALTHLIT Location: Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa; E-mail: gardner26@llnl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT; MEDLINE; COMPOSITE RECORD. Database Contributor ID: 791200; 15583268. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: 791200. Author Affiliation: 2004 Year - Computations, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, POO Box 808, L-174, Livermore, CA 94551, USA 1; Computations, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-174, Livermore, CA 94551, USA 2; 
AB  - HEALTHLIT Abstract: We built a system to guide decisions regarding the amount of genomic sequencing required to develop diagnostic DNA signatures, which are short sequences that are sufficient to uniquely identify a viral species. We used our existing DNA diagnostic signature prediction pipeline, which selects regions of a target species genome that are conserved among strains of the target (for reliability, to prevent false negatives) and unique relative to other species (for specificity, to avoid false positives). We performed simulations, based on existing sequence data, to assess the number of genome sequences of a target species and of close phylogenetic relatives (near neighbors) that are required to predict diagnostic signature regions that are conserved among strains of the target species and unique relative to other bacterial and viral species. For DNA viruses such as variola (smallpox), three target genomes provide sufficient guidance for selecting species-wide signatures. Three nearneighbor genomes are critical for species specificity. In contrast, most RNA viruses require four target genomes and no near-neighbor genomes, since lack of conservation among strains is more limiting than uniqueness. Severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola Zaire are exceptional, as additional target genomes currently do not improve predictions, but near-neighbor sequences are urgently needed. Our results also indicate that double-stranded DNA viruses are more conserved among strains than are RNA viruses, since in most cases there was at least one conserved signature candidate for the DNA viruses and zero conserved signature candidates for the RNA viruses
KW  - Diseases / pathogens
KW  - Microbiology / biotechnology
KW  - Biochemistry / molecular biology
KW  - Techniques / apparatus / gear / methods
KW  - Africa
KW  - Zaire
KW  - Diseases / pathogens
KW  - Microbiology / biotechnology
KW  - Biochemistry / molecular biology
KW  - Techniques / apparatus / gear / methods
KW  - Africa
KW  - Zaire
KW  - pathogenic viruses
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - gene sequence analysis
KW  - dna signatures
KW  - predictions
KW  - rna viruses
KW  - ebola virus
KW  - target genomes
KW  - strains
KW  - signature candidates
KW  - plum pox virus
KW  - vaccines
KW  - sars virus
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuiken, C.
AU  - Korber, B.
AU  - Shafer, Rw.
TI  - HIV sequence databases
JO  - Aids Reviews
PY  - 2003/01/01/
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
SP  - 52
EP  - 61
PB  - Permanyer Publications: Mallorca, 310, Barcelona - Spain
SN  - 11396121
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa. Database Contributor: AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT DATABASE; HEALTHLIT; COMPOSITE RECORD. Database Contributor ID: 923310. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES; AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: 923310. Author Affiliation: [2003] - Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA 1; Locations: Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa. 
AB  - AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT Abstract: Two important databases are often used in HIV genetic research, the HIV Sequence Database in Los Alamos, which collects all sequences and focuses on annotation and data analysis, and the HIV RT/Protease Sequence Database in Stanford, which collects sequences associated with the development of viral resistance against anti-retroviral drugs and focuses on analysis of those sequences. The types of data and services these two databases offer, the tools they provide, and the way they are set up and operated are described in detail
KW  - Bacteria / fungi / viruses
KW  - Biochemistry / molecular biology
KW  - Genetics / strains / stock identification
KW  - Medical Science
KW  - Microbiology / biotechnology
KW  - North America
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Europe
KW  - United Kingdom
KW  - Great Britain (excludes N. Ire.)
KW  - Bacteria / fungi / viruses
KW  - Biochemistry / molecular biology
KW  - Genetics / strains / stock identification
KW  - Medical Science
KW  - Microbiology / biotechnology
KW  - North America
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Europe
KW  - United Kingdom
KW  - Great Britain (excludes N. Ire.)
KW  - hiv [human immunodeficiency virus]
KW  - databases
KW  - analyses
KW  - genetic sequences
KW  - resistance
KW  - database tools
KW  - database management
KW  - viral resistance sequencing
KW  - information sharing
KW  - viral resistance
KW  - database operations
KW  - sequencing annotation
KW  - sequencing data analysis
KW  - hiv rt/protease sequence database
KW  - hiv sequence database
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Brunson, R.R.
AU  - Bond, W.D.
AU  - Chattin, F.R.
AU  - Collins, R.T.
AU  - Sullivan, G.R.
AU  - Wiles, R.H.
ED  - Watson, J.S.
TI  - Waste treatment at the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center
JO  - Separation Science and Technology
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
SP  - 1195
EP  - 1215
SN  - 01496395
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Pretoria; Named Person: Tenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications. Selected papers. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02257688. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division. Language: English. Document Type: Proceeding. Publication Type: Conference Paper. Conference: Tenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications. Selected papers (20 to 24 Oct 1997). Accession Number: 02257688. 
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive wastes (W530)
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive wastes (W530)
KW  - Resorcinol formaldehyde
KW  - Waste solidification
KW  - Modular design
KW  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - United States
KW  - Wastewater treatment plants
KW  - Alkaline wastewater
KW  - Radioactive contamination
KW  - Actinides
KW  - Metals recovery
KW  - Ion exchange columns
KW  - Crossflow microfiltration
KW  - Process details
KW  - Computer process control
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
TI  - Bugs, mold & rot II: a workshop on control of humidity for health, artifacts and buildings
PY  - 1993/01/01/
PB  - National Institute of Building Sciences
N1  - Database Contributor: KILLIE CAMPBELL AFRICANA LIBRARY BIBLIOGRAPHY. Database Contributor ID: BRN-00302022. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Corporate Author: National Institute of Building Sciences. Building Environment and Thermal Envelope Council; Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Document Type: Book. Publication Type: Book. Place of Publication: Washington. Accession Number: BRN-00302022. Locations: KC 621 16. 
KW  - humidity - control
KW  - museum conservation methods
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=BRN-00302022&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

AU  - Anon.
TI  - Energy efficiency and conservation in West Africa: proceedings of a seminar held in Lome, Togo, March 30 - April 8, 1983 [Language: en]
PY  - 1984/01/01/
PB  - The Laboratory
AV  - Location: US; Number: 875002688
N1  - Database Contributor: AGRIS. Database Contributor ID: US875002688. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Corporate Author: Brookhaven National Laboratory [USA]; Economic Community of West African States; United States. Agency for International Development. Language: English. Publication Type: Monograph / Series. Place of Publication: Upton, N.Y., USA. Accession Number: US875002688. 
KW  - west africa
KW  - energy conservation
KW  - afrique occidentale
KW  - economie d'energie
KW  - africa occidental
KW  - conservacion de la energia
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Walker, J.F. Jr
AU  - Taylor, P.A.
AU  - Lee, D.D.
ED  - Watson, J.S.
TI  - Cesium removal from high-pH, high-salt wastewater using crystalline silicotitanate sorbent
JO  - Separation Science and Technology
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
SP  - 1167
EP  - 1181
SN  - 01496395
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Pretoria; Named Person: Tenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications. Selected papers. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 0225767X. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division. Language: English. Document Type: Proceeding. Publication Type: Conference Paper. Conference: Tenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications. Selected papers (20 to 24 Oct 1997). Accession Number: 0225767X. 
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive wastes (W530)
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive wastes (W530)
KW  - Caesium
KW  - Modular equipment
KW  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - United States
KW  - Wastewater treatment
KW  - High level radioactive wastes
KW  - Alkali metals
KW  - Metals removal
KW  - PH effects
KW  - Ion concentration
KW  - Ion exchangers
KW  - Full scale tests
KW  - Comparisons
KW  - Laboratory scale tests
KW  - Supernatant liquors
KW  - Pollutant concentration
KW  - Breakthrough curves
KW  - Process effectiveness
KW  - Mobile equipment
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=0225767X&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Spencer, B.B.
AU  - Egan, B.Z.
AU  - Beahm, E.C.
AU  - Chase, C.W.
AU  - Dillow, T.A.
ED  - Watson, J.S.
TI  - Dissolution of ORNL HLW sludge and partitioning of the actinides using the TRUEX process
JO  - Separation Science and Technology
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
SP  - 1021
EP  - 1042
SN  - 01496395
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Pretoria; Named Person: Tenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications. Selected papers. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02257661. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Robotics and Process Systems Division. Language: English. Document Type: Proceeding. Publication Type: Conference Paper. Conference: Tenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications. Selected papers (20 to 24 Oct 1997). Accession Number: 02257661. 
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive wastes (W530)
KW  - Model studies (G140)
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive wastes (W530)
KW  - Model studies (G140)
KW  - Generic TRUEX model
KW  - Thermodynamic models
KW  - Melton Valley Storage Tanks
KW  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - United States
KW  - Acidic wastewater
KW  - Waste sludge
KW  - High level radioactive wastes
KW  - Metals separation
KW  - Solvent extraction
KW  - Comparisons
KW  - Model studies
KW  - Organic solvents
KW  - Liquid liquid systems
KW  - Phase equilibrium
KW  - Radiochemical analysis
KW  - Chemical analysis
KW  - Cation distribution
KW  - Process evaluation
KW  - Gelation
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02257661&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feng, H.
AU  - Cochran, J.K.
AU  - Hirschberg, D.J.
TI  - 234Th and 7Be as tracers for the sources of particles to the turbidity maximum of the Hudson River estuary
JO  - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
SP  - 629
EP  - 645
SN  - 02727714
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: CSIR (Stellenbosch); Address: Upton, NY 11973, United States. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 0224232X. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Applied Science. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 0224232X. 
KW  - Estuarine environment (E210)
KW  - Estuarine environment (E210)
KW  - Thorium
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - United States
KW  - Estuaries
KW  - Suspended matter
KW  - Sediment transport
KW  - Mixing
KW  - Tracer techniques
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Spatial distribution
KW  - Activity coefficients
KW  - Salinity effects
KW  - Residence time
KW  - Advection
KW  - Water circulation
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=0224232X&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

AU  - Smith, Richard D
TI  - Advanced mass spectrometric methods for the rapid and quantitative characterization of proteomes
JO  - COMPARATIVE AND FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS
PY  - 2002/01/01/
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
SP  - 143
EP  - 150
SN  - 15316912
N1  - Note: Record Source: This record is provided from the MEDLINE database of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), United States. The index terms may have been modified to conform with terminology used throughout the database. Database Contributor: MEDLINE. Database Contributor ID: 18628837. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Accession Number: 18628837. Author Affiliation: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA 1; 
AB  - MEDLINE Abstract: UNLABELLED: Progress is reviewed towards the development of a global strategy that aims to extend the sensitivity, dynamic range, comprehensiveness and throughput of proteomic measurements based upon the use of high performance separations and mass spectrometry. The approach uses high accuracy mass measurements from Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR) to validate peptide 'accurate mass tags' (AMTs) produced by global protein enzymatic digestions for a specific organism, tissue or cell type from 'potential mass tags' tentatively identified using conventional tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). This provides the basis for subsequent measurements without the need for MS/ MS. High resolution capillary liquid chromatography separations combined with high sensitivity, and high resolution accurate FTICR measurements are shown to be capable of characterizing peptide mixtures of more than 10(5) components. The strategy has been initially demonstrated using the microorganisms Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Deinococcus radiodurans. Advantages of the approach include the high confidence of protein identification, its broad proteome coverage, high sensitivity, and the capability for stableisotope labeling methods for precise relative protein abundance measurements. ABBREVIATIONS: LC, liquid chromatography; FTICR, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance; AMT, accurate mass tag; PMT, potential mass tag; MMA, mass measurement accuracy; MS, mass spectrometry; MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry; ppm, parts per million
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=18628837&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

AU  - Stevens, Fred J
TI  - Amyloid formation: an emulation of matrix protein assembly
JO  - Amyloid: the international journal of experimental and clinical investigation: the official journal of the International Society of Amyloidosis
PY  - 2004/01/01/
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
SP  - 232
EP  - 244
SN  - 13506129
N1  - Note: Record Source: This record is provided from the MEDLINE database of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), United States. The index terms may have been modified to conform with terminology used throughout the database; CAS Registry Number: 0; E-mail: fstevens@anl.gov; Contract Number: AG18001/AG/NIA NIH HHS; DK43957/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS. Database Contributor: MEDLINE. Database Contributor ID: 15678758. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Accession Number: 15678758. Author Affiliation: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA 1; 
AB  - MEDLINE Abstract: Although more than 20 different proteins are now associated with the amyloidoses, the fibrils share many properties. Despite disparity in primary and tertiary structures of the subunit proteins, assembled fibrils exhibit similar morphology, binding of Congo red, interaction with Thioflavine T, formation of complexes with serum amyloid P component, apolipoprotein E, several glycosaminoglycans, the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts and cross-recognition by some monoclonal antibodies. Thus, it is probable that the mechanism of amyloid generation involves a generic process that can be evoked by most, if not all, proteins under conditions that degrade the native conformation. As suggested by others, the beta-helix or beta-roll conformation may be the unifying element of fibril conformations. Several proteins that have evolved to form physiologically useful amyloid-like fibrils, as well as some proteins associated with pathological amyloidoses, exhibit sequence repeat patterns that may facilitate beta-roll or beta-helix formation. Threading analyses of 2 natural amyloid-forming proteins, curli and human Pmel 17, indicate compatibility of their primary structures with both beta sandwich and beta-helix conformations, suggesting a possible innate conformational pliability. In addition, these results may suggest that the misfolded form of some proteins that are associated with conformational disease may be the native conformation of other proteins to which they are linked by evolution. Finally, since many matrix and structural proteins are known to incorporate numerous tandem repeat sequence elements, we propose that the mechanism of fibril formation is fundamentally related to a general protein assembly process that is integral to the generation of cells and tissues
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Griffith, J S
TI  - Annulus formation and growth of tigerfish, Hydrocynus vittatus, in Lake Bangweulu, Zambia
JO  - American Fisheries Society. Transactions
PY  - 1975/01/01/
VL  - 104
IS  - 3
SP  - 499
EP  - 505
SN  - 00028487
AV  - Document Delivery: m.shaw@ru.ac.za or The Librarian, Margaret Smith Library, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa; Fax +27 46 622403
AV  - AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
N1  - Note: NATCHA Location: South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), (Formerly JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa. Database Contributor: NATURAL & CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AFRICA NATCHA. Database Contributor ID: NATCHA-408282. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: NATCHA-408282. Author Affiliation: [1988-1993] - Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA 1; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37830, USA 2; 
AB  - NATCHA Abstract: The validity of scale analysis for aging tigerfish, Hydrocynus vittatus Castelnau, was assessed by examining the timing and cause of check formation on scales from fish collected in Lake Bangweulu, Zambia. Discontinuities in circuli that appeared 10 be valid annuli formed on all scales in September when water temperature was rising rapidly after dropping to 18 C. Spawning checks formed on scales of some fish in January. Male and female tigerfish grew at similar rates. Some females reached an age of 11 years but male tigerfish, which matured one and sometimes two years earlier, seldom lived longer than 4 years
KW  - fish
KW  - anatomy / morphology
KW  - rivers / lakes
KW  - Alestidae
KW  - Hydrocynus vittatus
KW  - Africa
KW  - Zambia
KW  - fish
KW  - anatomy / morphology
KW  - rivers / lakes
KW  - Africa
KW  - Zambia
KW  - Alestidae
KW  - Hydrocynus vittatus
KW  - ages
KW  - annulus formation
KW  - growth
KW  - lake bangweulu [map]
KW  - tigerfish
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=NATCHA-408282&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foley, B
AU  - Pan, H
AU  - Buchbinder, S.
AU  - Delwart, E L
TI  - Apparent Founder Effect during the Early Years of the San Francisco HIV Type 1 Epidemic [1978û1979]
JO  - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 16
IS  - 15
SP  - 1463
EP  - 1469
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Publishers: 140 Huguenot Street, 3rd Floor, New Rochelle, New York, 10801-5215, USA
SN  - 08892229
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 968521. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: 968521. Author Affiliation: 2000 Year - Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87501, USA 1; 
AB  - HEALTHLIT Abstract: HIV-1 envelope sequence variants were RT-PCR amplified from serum samples cryopreserved in San Francisco in 1978-1979. The HIV-1 subtype B env V3-V5 sequences from four homosexual men clustered phylogenetically, with a median nucleotide distance of 2.8%, reflecting a recent common origin. These early U.S. HIV-1 env variants mapped close to the phylogenetic root of the subtype B tree while env variants collected in the United States throughout the 1980s and 1990s showed, on average, increasing genetic diversity and divergence from the subtype B consensus sequence. These results indicate that the majority of HIV-1 currently circulating in the United States may be descended from an initial introduction and rapid spread during the mid- to late 1970s of subtype B viruses with limited variability (i.e., a founder effect). As expected from the starburst-shaped phylogeny of HIV-1 subtype B, contemporary U.S. strains were, on average, more closely related at the nucleic acid and amino acid levels to the earlier 1978-1979 env variants than to each other. The growing levels of HIV-1 genetic diversity, one of multiple obstacles in designing a protective vaccine, may therefore be mitigated by using epidemic founding variants as antigenic strains for protection against contemporary strains
KW  - Bacteria / Fungi / Viruses
KW  - Microbiology / Biotechnology
KW  - Medical Science
KW  - Genetics / Strains / Stock identification
KW  - Phylogeny / Evolution
KW  - Distribution / Biogeography
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - Bacteria / Fungi / Viruses
KW  - Microbiology / Biotechnology
KW  - Medical Science
KW  - Genetics / Strains / Stock identification
KW  - Phylogeny / Evolution
KW  - Distribution / Biogeography
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - genetic diversity
KW  - genetic divergence
KW  - hiv subtype b
KW  - founder effects
KW  - limited variability
KW  - phylogenetic trees
KW  - phylogeography
KW  - phylogeny bursts
KW  - hiv strains
KW  - hiv divergence
KW  - hiv distribution
KW  - hiv mutations
KW  - hiv genetic variation
KW  - geographical distributions
KW  - hiv spread
KW  - hiv epidemic
KW  - antigenic strains
KW  - nucleic acid relationships
KW  - amino acid genes
KW  - hiv-1 [human immunodeficiency virus type 1]
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=968521&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaszuba, J.P.
AU  - Runde, W.H.
TI  - The aqueous geochemistry of neptunium: dynamic control of soluble concentrations with applications to nuclear waste disposal
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 33
IS  - 24
SP  - 4427
EP  - 4433
SN  - 0013936X
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria). Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02307154. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemical Science and Technology Division. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02307154. Author Affiliation: Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States 1; E-mail: runde@lanl.gov 2; 
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive materials (P200)
KW  - Pollutant pathways and transport (P180)
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive materials (P200)
KW  - Pollutant pathways and transport (P180)
KW  - Valency states
KW  - Groundwater pollution
KW  - Nuclear wastes
KW  - Actinides
KW  - Ionic species
KW  - Waste storage
KW  - Underground storage
KW  - Solubility
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - PH effects
KW  - Long term trends
KW  - Model studies
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02307154&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zachara, J M
AU  - Anderson, T
AU  - Fredrickson, J K
AU  - Dohnalkova, A
AU  - Kukkadapu, R K
AU  - Gassman, P L
TI  - Biogeochemical transformation of Fe minerals in a petroleum-contaminated aquifer
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
PY  - 2004/01/01/
VL  - 68
IS  - 8
SP  - 1791
EP  - 1805
SN  - 00167037
AV  - Elsevier Science Ltd: The Boulevard, Langford Lane, East Park, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom
N1  - Note: NATCHA Location: University of Stellenbosch. Database Contributor: NATURAL & CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AFRICA NATCHA. Database Contributor ID: NATCHA-826532. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: NATCHA-826532. Author Affiliation: [2004] - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-96, P O Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA 1; 
AB  - NATCHA Abstract: The Bemidji aquifer in Minnesota, USA is a well-studied site of subsurface petroleum contamination. The site contains an anoxic groundwater plume where soluble petroleum constituents serve as an energy source for a region of methanogenesis near the source and bacterial Fe(III) reduction further down gradient. Methanogenesis apparently begins when bioavailable Fe(III) is exhausted within the sediment. Past studies indicate that Geobacter species and Geothrix fermentens-like organisms are the primary dissimilatory Fe-reducing bacteria at this site. The Fe mineralogy of the pristine aquifer sediments and samples from the methanogenic (source) and Fe(III) reducing zones were characterized in this study to identify microbiologic changes to Fe valence and mineral distribution, and to identify whether new biogenic mineral phases had formed. Methods applied included X-ray diffraction; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); and chemical extraction; optical, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy; and Mossbauer spectroscopy. All of the sediments were low in total Fe content (ÿ 1%) and exhibited complex Fe-mineralogy. The bulk pristine sediment and its sand, silt, and clay-sized fractions were studied in detail. The pristine sediments contained Fe(II) and Fe(III) mineral phases. Ferrous iron represented approximately 50% of Fe TOT. The relative Fe(II) concentration increased in the sand fraction, and its primary mineralogic residence was clinochlore with minor concentrations found as a ferroan calcite grain cement in carbonate lithic fragments. Fe(III) existed in silicates (epidote, clinochlore, muscovite) and Fe(III) oxides of detrital and authigenic origin. The detrital Fe(III) oxides included hematite and goethite in the form of mm-sized nodular concretions and smaller-sized dispersed crystallites, and euhedral magnetite grains. Authigenic Fe(III) oxides increased in concentration with decreasing particle size through the silt and clay fraction. Chemical extraction and Mossbauer analysis indicated that this was a ferrihydrite like-phase. Quantitative mineralogic and Fe(II/III) ratio comparisons between the pristine and contaminated sediments were not possible because of textural differences. However, comparisons between the texturally-similar source (where bioavailable Fe(III) had been exhausted) and Fe(III) reducing zone sediments (where bioavailable Fe(III) remained) indicated that dispersed detrital, crystalline Fe(III) oxides and a portion of the a...
KW  - Subsurface water / groundwater environments
KW  - Pollution / contamination
KW  - Minnesota
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - Subsurface water / groundwater environments
KW  - Pollution / contamination
KW  - Minnesota
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - aquifer
KW  - bacteria
KW  - bemidji aquifer
KW  - bemidji pristine sediments [ill]
KW  - bioavailability
KW  - biogeochemical zones
KW  - biogeochemistry
KW  - clay
KW  - fe [iron]
KW  - methanogenesis
KW  - minerals
KW  - petroleum
KW  - plumes
KW  - sand
KW  - sediments
KW  - silt
KW  - transformation
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=NATCHA-826532&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Francis, A.J.
AU  - Dodge, C.J.
AU  - Gillow, J.B.
AU  - Papenguth, H.W.
TI  - Biotransformation of uranium compounds in high ionic strength brine by a halophilic bacterium under denitrifying conditions
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
SP  - 2311
EP  - 2317
SN  - 0013936X
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria); Address: Upton, New York 11973, United States; E-mail: francis1@bnl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02353253. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Department. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02353253. 
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive materials (P200)
KW  - Microbiological techniques and studies (G230)
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive materials (P200)
KW  - Microbiological techniques and studies (G230)
KW  - United States
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - Carlsbad
KW  - Waste isolation pilot plants
KW  - Transuranium wastes
KW  - Uranyl nitrate
KW  - Uranyl citrate
KW  - Uranyl ethylenediaminetetra acetate
KW  - Uranyl carbonate
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Actinides
KW  - Chemical species
KW  - Waste disposal
KW  - Repositories
KW  - Brines
KW  - Biotransformation
KW  - Denitrifying bacteria
KW  - Reaction products
KW  - X ray analysis
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02353253&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Bain, M B
AU  - Sparks, J P
TI  - Causes and chronology of catastrophic ecosystem change in Lake Victoria
JO  - International Association for Great Lakes Research Conference Program and Abstracts
PY  - 2004/01/01/
VL  - 2004
IS  - 47th
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
AV  - Document Delivery: The Librarian, Margaret Smith Library, South African Institute of Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa; Fax +27 46 622403
AV  - International Association of Great Lakes Research: 2205 Commonwealth Blvd., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA
N1  - Note: NATCHA Location: South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), (Formerly JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology), Pvt Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa. Database Contributor: NATURAL & CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AFRICA NATCHA. Database Contributor ID: NATCHA-291116. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Document Type: Proceeding. Publication Type: Conference Abstract. Conference: International Association for Great Lakes Research 47th Annual Conference. Great Lakes Need Great Watersheds. Conference Date: May 24-28, 2004. Conference Location: University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario. Accession Number: NATCHA-291116. Author Affiliation: [1999-2005] - New York Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA 1; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alabama Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Auburn University, Alabama 36849, USA 2; Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA 3; 
AB  - NATCHA Abstract: Lake Victoria holds world leading status for freshwater lake size, vertebrate diversity elaboration, species extinctions, exotic species invasions, and freshwater fishery production. It is high in elevation, enclosed by highlands and mountain ranges, and nearly a closed hydrologic system. The ecosystem has a history of dramatic change and human occupation. Fifty-year sequences were assembled for data on human population density, lake water quality, physical limnology, fish community composition, and fishery yield. In a three-decade period Lake Victoria displayed massive ecosystem change thought to span an original intact system to one foundering in unanticipated ways. Three hypotheses have been advanced to explain the changes: disrupted food web and nutrient cycling, intensified human land use and pollutant runoff, and altered atmospheric and climatic conditions. Convincing evidence supporting and refuting each of these mechanisms has been reported. Less scrutiny has been focused on the hypothesis that all three mechanisms could have acted in concert provoking a complete ecosystem restructuring like that seen in other large lakes under stress. By displaying system measurements in a comparable manner, the nature of ecosystem change appears to fit a state transition form and a product of interacting mechanisms
KW  - rivers / lakes
KW  - ecology
KW  - anthropogenic impact
KW  - Africa
KW  - Lake Victoria
KW  - rivers / lakes
KW  - ecology
KW  - anthropogenic impact
KW  - Africa
KW  - Lake Victoria
KW  - anthropogenic alterations
KW  - freshwater environment
KW  - freshwater lakes
KW  - lake ecology
KW  - lake habitats
KW  - lakes
KW  - land use activities
KW  - limnological changes
KW  - limnology
KW  - water quality
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=NATCHA-291116&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McNab, W.W. Jr
TI  - Comparisons of geochemical signatures of biotransformation of fuel hydrocarbons in groundwater
JO  - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
SP  - 257
EP  - 274
SN  - 01676369
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Dept of Water Affairs and Forestry (Pretoria); Address: PO Box 808, L-520 Livermore, CA 94550, United States; E-mail: mcnab1@llnl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02231298. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Environmental Restoration Division. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02231298. 
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Pollutant pathways and transport (P180)
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Pollutant pathways and transport (P180)
KW  - Geochemical indicators
KW  - Groundwater pollution
KW  - Petroleum hydrocarbons
KW  - Pollution control
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - In situ tests
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Groundwater analysis
KW  - Oxidation reduction potential
KW  - Bicarbonates
KW  - PH
KW  - Pollutant pathways
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02231298&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luxmoore, R.J.
AU  - Tharp, M.L.
AU  - Efroymson, R.A.
TI  - Comparison of simulated forest responses to biosolids applications
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 28
IS  - 6
SP  - 1996
EP  - 2007
SN  - 00472425
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria); Address: Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, United States; E-mail: rjl@ornl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02309335. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02309335. 
KW  - Solid wastes (W520)
KW  - Solid wastes (W520)
KW  - Linkages models
KW  - Sewage treatment plants
KW  - Waste disposal
KW  - Biosolids
KW  - Land application
KW  - Application rate
KW  - Forests
KW  - Trees
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Primary production
KW  - Nitrogen cycle
KW  - Leaching
KW  - Long term trends
KW  - Model studies
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02309335&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tartakovsky, D.M.
AU  - Neuman, S.P.
AU  - Lu, Z.
TI  - Conditional stochastic averaging of steady state unsaturated flow by means of Kirchhoff transformation
JO  - Water Resources Research
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
SP  - 731
EP  - 745
SN  - 00431397
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Natal (Pietermaritzburg); Address: Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 0222237X. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Science Division, Geoanalysis Group. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 0222237X. 
KW  - Groundwater flow (E420)
KW  - Soils and Sediments (E500)
KW  - Mathematical methods (G110)
KW  - Groundwater flow (E420)
KW  - Soils and Sediments (E500)
KW  - Mathematical methods (G110)
KW  - Gravity free flow
KW  - Subsurface environment
KW  - Subsurface flow
KW  - Flow characteristics
KW  - Soil hydraulic properties
KW  - Unsaturated zone
KW  - Boundary conditions
KW  - Soil properties
KW  - Pressure head
KW  - Gravity
KW  - Hydraulic conductivity
KW  - Analytical solutions
KW  - Monte Carlo method
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharma, A.K.
AU  - Josephson, G.B.
AU  - Camaioni, D.M.
AU  - Goheen, S.C.
TI  - Destruction of pentachlorophenol using glow discharge plasma process
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
SP  - 2267
EP  - 2272
SN  - 0013936X
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria); Address: Richland, Washington 99352, United States; E-mail: amit.sharma@pnl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02353237. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02353237. 
KW  - Water treatment (W130)
KW  - Chemical and Physical analysis (G210)
KW  - Water treatment (W130)
KW  - Chemical and Physical analysis (G210)
KW  - Wood preservatives
KW  - Point to plane processes
KW  - Corona discharge processes
KW  - Glow discharge electrolysis
KW  - Water treatment
KW  - Toxic pollutants
KW  - Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides
KW  - Electrochemical treatment
KW  - Chemical degradation
KW  - Equipment description
KW  - Pressure effects
KW  - Low pressure
KW  - Reaction kinetics
KW  - Reaction products
KW  - Operating costs
KW  - Laboratory scale tests
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tomkins, B.A.
AU  - Griest, W.H.
AU  - Hearle, D.R.
TI  - Determination of small dialkyl organophosphonates at microgram/l concentrations in contaminated groundwaters using multiple extraction membrane disks
JO  - Analytical Letters
PY  - 1997/01/01/
VL  - 30
IS  - 9
SP  - 1697
EP  - 1717
SN  - 00032719
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Pretoria; Address: PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 73831-6120, United States. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02292947. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Organic Chemistry Section. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02292947. 
KW  - Chemical and Physical analysis (G210)
KW  - Chemical and Physical analysis (G210)
KW  - Diisopropyl methylphosphonate
KW  - Dimethyl methylphosphonate
KW  - Groundwater analysis
KW  - Organic phosphorus compounds
KW  - Pollutant identification
KW  - Trace quantities
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Extraction time
KW  - Elution
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Detection limits
KW  - New techniques
KW  - Analytical techniques
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Winemiller, K O
TI  - Ecology of African fishes: scientific paradigms and resource conservation
JO  - African Fish and Fisheries
PY  - 2003/01/01/
SP  - 162
EP  - 163
AV  - Document Delivery: The Librarian, Margaret Smith Library, South African Institute of Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa; Fax +27 46 622403
AV  - Pan-African Fish and Fisheries Association (PAFFA)
N1  - Note: NATCHA Location: South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), (Formerly JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology), Pvt Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa. Database Contributor: NATURAL & CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AFRICA NATCHA. Database Contributor ID: NATCHA-255925. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Proceeding. Publication Type: Conference Abstract. Conference: Third International Conference of the Pan-African Fish and Fisheries Association / Troisieme Conference Internationale de l' Association Pan-Africaine des Peches. Conference Date: 10-14 November 2003. Conference Location: Cotonou, Benin.. Accession Number: NATCHA-255925. Author Affiliation: [1994-2003] - Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2258, USA 1; Department of Zoology & Texas Memorial Museum, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA 2; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA 3; Department of Zoology and Texas Memorial Museum, the University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA 4; Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA 5; 
AB  - NATCHA Abstract: Research on the ecology of African fishes has employed ecological paradigms that guide conservation, including life history theory, population regulation, species interactions, food webs, and biological diversification. Life history theory predicts adaptive responses to environmental variation. Although data are lacking for most species, African fishes display an unusually broad array of life history strategies. Equilibrium strategists with high investment per offspring are particularly well represented in lakes, and, to a lesser degree, rivers. At the level of local species assemblages, life history strategies are associated with the degree of habitat and/or resource stability and predictability. Life history strategies interact with environmental variation, both abiotic and biotic, to yield varying degrees of density-dependent population regulation. Fishes inhabiting habitats spanning the lateral gradient of floodplain rivers illustrate a strong gradient of density-dependent population regulation. Pantodon buchholzi and other taxa that possess little population resilience to habitat alteration are sensitive indicators of environmental impacts and biodiversity loss. African fishes provide particularly strong examples of resource partitioning and ecomorphological diversification. Population and food web changes in response to non-indigenous piscivores provide clear examples of negative impacts of invasive species. A variety of human-induced impacts simplify the complex structure of river and lake food webs, generally to the detriment of diverse subsistence fishery resources. Overfishing, a problem throughout the African continent, affects not only fish stocks, but also could have serious consequences for aquatic ecosystem productivity. Knowledge of aquatic ecosystem patterns and processes is almost universally lacking in Africa, and a great deal of research is needed before environmental impacts completely obliterate our ability to estimate ecological dynamics under inferred natural conditions
KW  - fish
KW  - freshwater environments
KW  - ecology
KW  - conservation
KW  - Africa
KW  - fish
KW  - freshwater environments
KW  - ecology
KW  - conservation
KW  - Africa
KW  - anthropogenic alterations
KW  - anthropogenic impacts
KW  - environment management
KW  - fish ecology
KW  - fish habitat
KW  - freshwater fish
KW  - resource conservation
KW  - resource management
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=NATCHA-255925&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodgers, R.P.
AU  - Blumer, E.N.
AU  - Emmett, M.R.
AU  - Marshall, A.G.
TI  - Efficacy of bacterial bioremediation: demonstation of complete incorporation of hydrocarbons into membrane phospholipids from Rhodococcus hydrocarbon degrading bacteria by electrospray ionization fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
SP  - 535
EP  - 540
SN  - 0013936X
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria); Address: 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallhassee, Florida 32310, United States; E-mail: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02305860. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Florida State University, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02305860. 
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Pollution of Soils and Sediments (P130)
KW  - Pollution control and prevention (P190)
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Pollution of Soils and Sediments (P130)
KW  - Pollution control and prevention (P190)
KW  - Rhodococcus rhodochrous
KW  - Groundwater pollution
KW  - Soil contamination
KW  - Organic pollutants
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Biotransformation
KW  - Mineralization
KW  - Pollutant removal efficiency
KW  - Chemical analysis
KW  - Mass spectroscopy
KW  - Rapid techniques
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02305860&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall Adams, S.
AU  - Greeley, M.S. Jr
AU  - Ryon, M.G.
TI  - Evaluating effects of contaminants on fish health at multiple levels of biological organization: extrapolating from lower to higher levels
JO  - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
SP  - 15
EP  - 27
SN  - 10807039
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: CSIR (Pretoria); Address: Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States; E-mail: sma@ornl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02235463. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02235463. 
KW  - Pollution effects on the Environment (P160)
KW  - Pollution of Surface freshwaters (P110)
KW  - Pollution effects on the Environment (P160)
KW  - Pollution of Surface freshwaters (P110)
KW  - River pollution
KW  - Pollutant effects
KW  - Environmental stress
KW  - Trophic levels
KW  - Fish populations
KW  - Polluting load
KW  - Spatial variations
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Ecological aspects
KW  - Risk assessment
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

AU  - Miller, G
TI  - Exposure guidelines for magnetic fields
JO  - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
PY  - 1987/01/01/
VL  - 48
IS  - 12
SP  - 957
EP  - 968
SN  - 00028894
N1  - Note: Record Source: This record is provided from the MEDLINE database of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), United States. The index terms may have been modified to conform with terminology used throughout the database; CAS Registry Number: 0; 10159-46-3. Database Contributor: MEDLINE. Database Contributor ID: 3434538. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Accession Number: 3434538. Author Affiliation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA 94550 1; 
AB  - MEDLINE Abstract: The powerful magnetic fields produced by a controlled fusion experiment at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) necessitated the development of personnel-exposure guidelines for steady magnetic fields. A literature search and conversations with active researchers showed that it is currently possible to develop preliminary exposure guidelines for steady magnetic fields. An overview of the results of past research into the bioeffects of magnetic fields was compiled, along with a discussion of hazards that may be encountered by people with sickle-cell anemia or medical electronic and prosthetic implants. The LLNL steady magnetic-field exposure guidelines along with a review of developments concerning the safety of time-varying fields were also presented in this compilation. Guidelines developed elsewhere for time varying fields were also given. Further research is needed to develop exposure standards for both steady or time-varying fields
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Makundi, W.R.
TI  - Forestry and energy production in the tropical drylands: the case of Sub-Saharan Africa [Language: en]
JO  - SAREC Documentation [Sweden]
PY  - 1994/01/01/
PB  - SAREC
SN  - 02835290
AV  - Location: SE; Number: 9411944
N1  - Note: Conference on human livelihoods in drylands. Constraints and possibilities, Sjudarhoejden, Sigtuna, Sweden, November 23-25, 1993.- Stockholm (Sweden): SAREC, 1994. p. 146-160. Database Contributor: AGRIS. Database Contributor ID: SE9411944. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Place of Publication: Stockholm, Sweden. Conference: Human Livelihoods in Drylands. Conference Date: 23-25 Nov 1993. Conference Location: Sigtuna (Sweden). Accession Number: SE9411944. Author Affiliation: Makundi, W.R. : Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Calif. USA . Energy and Environment Div 1; 
KW  - fuel crops
KW  - fuelwood
KW  - agroforestry
KW  - forest plantations
KW  - woodlands
KW  - semiarid zones
KW  - arid zones
KW  - africa south of sahara
KW  - plante energetique
KW  - bois de chauffage
KW  - agroforesterie
KW  - plantation forestiere
KW  - foret claire
KW  - zone semi aride
KW  - zone aride
KW  - afrique au sud du sahara
KW  - cultivos energeticos
KW  - lena
KW  - agroforesteria
KW  - plantacion forestal
KW  - formacion boscosa
KW  - zona semiarida
KW  - zona arida
KW  - africa al sur del sahara
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=SE9411944&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wise, A.A.
AU  - Kuske, C.R.
TI  - Generation of novel bacterial regulatory proteins that detect priority pollutant phenols
JO  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 66
IS  - 1
SP  - 163
EP  - 169
SN  - 00992240
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: CSIR (Pretoria). Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02291231. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02291231. Author Affiliation: Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States 1; E-mail: kuske@lanl.gov 2; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Environmental Molecular Biology Group M888 3; 
KW  - Microbiological techniques and studies (G230)
KW  - Genetics (G240)
KW  - Pollution control and prevention (P190)
KW  - Microbiological techniques and studies (G230)
KW  - Genetics (G240)
KW  - Pollution control and prevention (P190)
KW  - Galactosidase
KW  - Microbiological techniques
KW  - Pollution detection
KW  - Aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Bacteria genetics
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Enzyme activity
KW  - Mutations
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02291231&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

AU  - Zalk, D M
TI  - Grassroots ergonomics: initiating an ergonomics program utilizing participatory techniques
JO  - Annals of Occupational Hygiene
PY  - 2001/01/01/
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
SP  - 283
EP  - 289
SN  - 00034878
N1  - Note: Record Source: This record is provided from the MEDLINE database of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), United States. The index terms may have been modified to conform with terminology used throughout the database; E-mail: zalk1@llnl.gov. Database Contributor: MEDLINE. Database Contributor ID: 11378149. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Accession Number: 11378149. Author Affiliation: University of California, Hazards Control Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA 1; 
AB  - MEDLINE Abstract: The introduction of ergonomics programs throughout the world requires an easy to understand and inexpensive process. Participatory ergonomic intervention techniques have proven to be beneficial in the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. The participatory approach to ergonomics has also been found to be a useful application within industrialized (developed) countries and industrially developing countries (IDCs). Grassroots Ergonomics principles utilize expertise within a workforce that focuses on participatory ergonomics interpretations of quantitative and qualitative risk and exposure assessment information that in turn results in a peer-developed ergonomics training. Regardless of the intricacy of the exposure assessment tools, workers should fully assist in gathering and analyzing data, then in identifying and implementing solutions. A coordinated and multidisciplinary application of this approach within IDCs would succeed in the creation and sharing of job-specific ergonomics training information for high physical exposure professions, such as agriculture, fishing, forestry, mining, and small-scale enterprises, to initiate ergonomics programs regionally
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thornton, E.C.
AU  - Amonette, J.E.
TI  - Hydrogen sulfide gas treatment of Cr[VI]-contaminated sediment samples from a plating-waste disposal site - implications for in-situ remediation
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 33
IS  - 22
SP  - 4096
EP  - 4101
SN  - 0013936X
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria); Address: Richland, Washington 99352, United States; E-mail: ec_thornton@pnl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02305348. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02305348. 
KW  - Pollution of Soils and Sediments (P130)
KW  - Pollution control and prevention (P190)
KW  - Pollution of Soils and Sediments (P130)
KW  - Pollution control and prevention (P190)
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Chromate
KW  - Soil contamination
KW  - Inorganic pollutants
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Electroplating industry wastes
KW  - Remediation
KW  - Chemical treatment
KW  - Chemical precipitation
KW  - Gas injection
KW  - Reaction mechanisms
KW  - Removal efficiency
KW  - Laboratory studies
KW  - Future possibilities
KW  - In situ treatment
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02305348&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foley, B
AU  - Donegan, E
AU  - Silitonga, N
AU  - Wignall, F S
AU  - Busch, M P
AU  - Delwart, E L
TI  - Importation of multiple HIV Type 1 strains into West Papua, Indonesia [Irian Jaya]
JO  - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
PY  - 2001/01/01/
VL  - 17
IS  - 17
SP  - 1655
EP  - 1659
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Publishers: 140 Huguenot Street, 3rd Floor, New Rochelle, New York, 10801-5215, USA
SN  - 08892229
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 962765. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: 962765. Author Affiliation: 2000-2001 Year - Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87501, USA 1; 
AB  - HEALTHLIT Abstract: HIV-1 from 16 sexually transmitted disease clinic patients in Timika, West Papua, Indonesia was amplified by RT-PCR and subtyped by a combination of envelope and gag region heteroduplex mobility analysis (HMA) and direct PCR DNA sequencing. HMA showed the presence of 14 subtype E (CRF01_AE) and 2 subtype B HIV-1. Phylogenetic analysis of a 540-bp V3-V4 region of gp120 showed that 9 of 10 CRF01_AE variants clustered tightly with a median distance of 1.3% (range, 0.5 to 2.2%) whereas 1 CRF01_AE variant diverged significantly from the others (median distance, 10.7%; range, 10.1 to 11.8%). One subtype B virus envelope was typical of United States/European strains whereas the other appeared to be related to Thai subtype B' variants. These results reflect the independent introduction of multiple HIV-1 strains into West Papua, with the rapid spread in the majority of infected patients tested of a single strain of HIV-1E (CRF01_AE)
KW  - Medical Science
KW  - Genetics / Strains / Stock identification
KW  - Bacteria / Fungi / Viruses
KW  - Diseases / Pathogens
KW  - Phylogeny / Evolution
KW  - Biochemistry / Molecular biology
KW  - Physiology / Biology
KW  - Asia
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Medical Science
KW  - Genetics / Strains / Stock identification
KW  - Bacteria / Fungi / Viruses
KW  - Diseases / Pathogens
KW  - Phylogeny / Evolution
KW  - Biochemistry / Molecular biology
KW  - Physiology / Biology
KW  - Asia
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - hiv distribution
KW  - hiv transmission
KW  - hiv origins
KW  - phylogenetic analyses
KW  - env gene sequencing
KW  - dna sequence analyses
KW  - hiv strains
KW  - hiv [human immunodeficiency virus]
KW  - gag genes
KW  - hiv diversity
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=962765&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wampler, J M
AU  - Smith, D H
AU  - Cameron, A E
TI  - Isotopic comparison of lead in tektites with lead in earth materials
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
PY  - 1969/01/01/
VL  - 33
IS  - 9
SP  - 1045
EP  - 1055
SN  - 00167037
AV  - Elsevier Science Ltd: The Boulevard, Langford Lane, East Park, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom
AV  - Pergamon Press Ltd
N1  - Database Contributor: NATURAL & CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AFRICA NATCHA. Database Contributor ID: NATCHA-862666. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: NATCHA-862666. Author Affiliation: [1969] - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332 USA 1; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA 2; 
AB  - NATCHA Abstract: Lead samples from moldavites and from Ries glass are isotopically similar, except that the Ries glass tends to be slightly enriched in the radiogenic lead isotopes relative to moldavites. The lead in these materials is similar to the lead found in oceanic sediments and falls on the growth curves typical of most terrestrial rock and ore lead samples. This is true of lead in other tektite groups, with one exception. Lead from Ivory Coast tektites does not fall on the growth trend of modern terrestrial lead. Lead samples from Bosumtwi Crater dark glass and from the gray phyllite (country rock) at Bosumtwi Crater are similarly displaced from the typical growth trend. These features may be explained in terms of lead isotopic development over long periods of time in environments which differ somewhat from the normal in terms of relative U, Th, and Pb abundances, which suggests that the tektites as well as the impact glass were derived from the Precambrian rocks at Bosumtwi Crater. High U/Pb ratios (U-238/Pb-204 > 20) were found in all tektites analysed, indicating enrichment of U relative to Pb either at the time of tektite formation or within a time period not exceeding a few hundred million years prior to tektite formation. Lower U/Pb ratios were found in the impact glasses. Lead samples from a bediasite and a Georgia tektite are the same, isotopically, and similar to lead from other tektite groups (except the Ivory Coast tektites)
KW  - Geology
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Africa
KW  - Ivory Coast
KW  - Geology
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Africa
KW  - Ivory Coast
KW  - bediasite
KW  - bosumtwi crater
KW  - georgia tektite
KW  - impact glasses
KW  - moldavites
KW  - phyllite
KW  - precambrian rocks
KW  - radiogenic lead isotopes
KW  - ries glass
KW  - tektites
KW  - terrestrial lead
KW  - thorium
KW  - uranium
KW  - uranium enrichment
KW  - uranium lead ratios
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Ying, T.-Y.
AU  - Chin, C.J.
AU  - Yiacoumi, S.
AU  - Chattin, M.R.
AU  - Spurrier, M.A.
AU  - DePaoli, D.W.
AU  - Tsouris, C.
ED  - Watson, J.S.
TI  - Magnetic-seeding filtration
JO  - Separation Science and Technology
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
SP  - 1371
EP  - 1392
SN  - 01496395
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Pretoria; Named Person: Tenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications. Selected papers. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02257718. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Proceeding. Publication Type: Conference Paper. Conference: Tenth Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications. Selected papers (20 to 24 Oct 1997). Accession Number: 02257718. Author Affiliation: Tsouris, C 1; 
KW  - Wastewater and Sewage and Sludge (W510)
KW  - Model studies (G140)
KW  - Wastewater and Sewage and Sludge (W510)
KW  - Model studies (G140)
KW  - Process design
KW  - High gradient magnetic filtration
KW  - Magnetic seeding
KW  - Trajectory models
KW  - Fractal dimensions
KW  - Industrial wastewater treatment
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Phosphorus removal
KW  - Flocculation
KW  - Stirred tanks
KW  - Magnetic separation techniques
KW  - Comparisons
KW  - Hydrodynamic models
KW  - Van der Waals forces
KW  - Electrostatic interactions
KW  - Shear
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Flow rate
KW  - Breakthrough curves
KW  - Pollutant removal efficiency
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takai, K.
AU  - Horikoshi, K.
TI  - Molecular phylogenetic analysis of archaeal intron-containing genes coding for rRNA obtained from a deep-subsurface geothermal water pool
JO  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 65
IS  - 12
SP  - 5586
EP  - 5589
SN  - 00992240
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: CSIR (Pretoria); Address: PO Box 999, Mail Stop P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, United States; E-mail: ken.takai@pnl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02289717. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02289717. 
KW  - Aquatic ecosystems (E710)
KW  - Aquatic ecosystems (E710)
KW  - Subsurface waters
KW  - Geothermal water
KW  - Water analysis
KW  - Microbiological growth
KW  - Thermophilic bacteria
KW  - Phylogeny
KW  - Species diversity
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - DNA
KW  - RNA
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02289717&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sultan,M.
AU  - Fiske, M.
AU  - Stein, T.
AU  - Gamal, M.
AU  - Hady, Y.A.
AU  - El Araby, H.
AU  - Madani, A.
AU  - Mehanee, S.
AU  - Becker, R.
TI  - Monitoring the urbanization of the Nile delta, Egypt [Language: en]
JO  - Ambio: a journal of the human environment
PY  - 1999/11/01/
VL  - 28
IS  - 7
SP  - 628
EP  - 631
SN  - 00447447
AV  - Location: SE; Number: 2000022005
N1  - Database Contributor: AGRIS. Database Contributor ID: SE2000022005. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: SE2000022005. Author Affiliation: Fiske, M. : Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois USA . Environmental Research Division 1; 
KW  - urbanization
KW  - remote sensing
KW  - regional planning
KW  - sustainability
KW  - agricultural sector
KW  - productivity
KW  - egypt
KW  - urbanisation
KW  - teledetection
KW  - planification regionale
KW  - durabilite
KW  - secteur agricole
KW  - productivite
KW  - egypte
KW  - urbanizacion
KW  - teledeteccion
KW  - planificacion regional
KW  - sostenibilidad
KW  - sector agrario
KW  - productividad
KW  - egipto
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schulenberg, T S
AU  - Williams, M D
TI  - A New Species of Antpitta [Grallaria] from Northern Peru
JO  - WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
PY  - 1982/01/01/
VL  - 94
IS  - 2
SP  - 105
EP  - 113
PB  - WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
SN  - 19385447
N1  - Database Contributor: AFROTROPICAL BIRDS DATABASE. Database Contributor ID: 898816. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Place of Publication: Department of Biology & Molecular Biology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043. Accession Number: 898816. Author Affiliation: [0-1982] - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States 1; 
KW  - Birds
KW  - Distribution / Biogeography
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Taxonomy / Systematics / Classification
KW  - Anatomy / Morphology
KW  - Birds
KW  - Distribution / Biogeography
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Taxonomy / Systematics / Classification
KW  - Anatomy / Morphology
KW  - antpittas
KW  - species desccription
KW  - ecological notes
KW  - distribution data
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinds, J.J.
AU  - Ge, S.
AU  - Fridrich, C.J.
TI  - Numerical modeling of perched water under Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Ground Water
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
SP  - 498
EP  - 504
SN  - 0017467X
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Dept of Water Affairs and Forestry (Pretoria); Address: 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02328445. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02328445. 
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Groundwater flow (E420)
KW  - Model studies (G140)
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Groundwater flow (E420)
KW  - Model studies (G140)
KW  - Wet conditions
KW  - Underground waste disposal
KW  - Nuclear wastes
KW  - Perched water
KW  - Geological faults
KW  - Pollutant pathways
KW  - Numerical models
KW  - Two dimensional models
KW  - Infiltration
KW  - Vertical migration
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Unsaturated flow
KW  - Climatic factors
KW  - Hydrogeology
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reyes, C.A.
AU  - Medina, M.
AU  - Crespo-Hernandez, C.
AU  - Cedeno, M.Z.
AU  - Arce, R.
AU  - Rosario, O.
AU  - Steffenson, D.M.
AU  - Ivanov, I.N.
AU  - Sigman, M.E.
AU  - Dabestani, R.
TI  - Photochemistry of pyrene on unactivated and activated silica surfaces
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
SP  - 415
EP  - 421
SN  - 0013936X
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria). Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02305704. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02305704. Author Affiliation: PO Box 2008, Ms-6100, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6100, United States 1; E-mail: dabestanir@ornl.gov 2; 
KW  - Environmental pollution (P100)
KW  - Pollutant pathways and transport (P180)
KW  - Chemical and Physical analysis (G210)
KW  - Environmental pollution (P100)
KW  - Pollutant pathways and transport (P180)
KW  - Chemical and Physical analysis (G210)
KW  - Hydroxypyrene
KW  - Pyrenedione
KW  - Airborne pollutants
KW  - Organic pollutants
KW  - Polycyclic compounds
KW  - Aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Atmospheric deposition
KW  - Land air interfaces
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Silica
KW  - Photolysis
KW  - Photooxidation
KW  - Reaction products
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferenbaugh, J K
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Ebinger, M H
AU  - Gonzales, G J
AU  - Jordan, P A
TI  - Radionuclides in soil and water near a low-level disposal site and potential ecological and human health impacts
JO  - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
PY  - 2002/01/01/
VL  - 74
IS  - 1, Part II
SP  - 243
EP  - 234
PB  - Springer Science+Business Media: Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, PO Box 17, Dordrecht, 3311 GX, The Netherlands
SN  - 01676369
N1  - Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 1181592. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: 1181592. Author Affiliation: 2205 COLUMBIA SE, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87106. Los Alamos National Laboratory, K490, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA Los Alamos National Laboratory, Environmental Safety and Health Division M887, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA 1; 
AB  - HEALTHLIT Abstract: Material Disposal Area G is the primary low-level radioactive waste disposal site at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, and is adjacent to Pueblo of San Ildefonso lands. Pueblo residents and Los Alamos scientists are concerned about radiological doses resulting from uptake of Area G radionuclides by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus), then consumption of deer and elk meat by humans. Tissue samples were collected from deer and elk accidentally killed near Area G and were analyzed for H-3, Sr-90, total U, Pu-238, Pu-239,240, Am-241, and Cs-137. These data were used to estimate human doses based on meat consumption of 23 kg/y. Human doses were also modeled using RESRAD, and dose rates to deer and elk were estimated with a screening model. Dose estimates to humans from tissue consumption were 2.9 x 10E-3 mSv/y and 1.6 x 10E-3 mSv/y from deer and elk, respectively, and RESRAD dose estimates were of the same order of magnitude. Estimated dose rates to deer and elk were 2.1 x 10E-4 mGy/d and 4.7 x 10E-4 mGy/d, respectively. All estimated doses were significantly less than established exposure limits or guidelines
KW  - Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) / Risk Assessment
KW  - Humans
KW  - Sediment / Soils / Soil quality
KW  - Pollution / Contamination
KW  - Insertae
KW  - Sedis
KW  - Odocoileus hemionus
KW  - Insertae
KW  - Sedis
KW  - Cervus elaphus
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) / Risk Assessment
KW  - Humans
KW  - Sediment / Soils / Soil quality
KW  - Pollution / Contamination
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - Insertae
KW  - Sedis
KW  - Odocoileus hemionus
KW  - Insertae
KW  - Sedis
KW  - Cervus elaphus
KW  - screening models
KW  - tissue composition
KW  - translocations
KW  - meat consumption
KW  - human health impacts
KW  - san ildefonso
KW  - radionuclides
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mokrov, Y.
AU  - Glagolenko, Y.
AU  - Napier, B.
TI  - Reconstruction of radionuclide contamination of the Techa River caused by liquid waste discharge from radiochemical production at the Mayak Production Association
JO  - Health Physics
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
SP  - 15
EP  - 23
SN  - 00179078
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Pretoria. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 0235747X. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 0235747X. Author Affiliation: PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, United States 1; E-mail: bruce.napier@pnl.gov 2; 
KW  - Pollution of Surface freshwaters (P110)
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive materials (P200)
KW  - Pollution of Surface freshwaters (P110)
KW  - Hazardous and Radioactive materials (P200)
KW  - Russian Federation
KW  - Dose assessment
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Strontium
KW  - Caesium
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Cerium
KW  - River pollution
KW  - Radioactive pollutants
KW  - Actinides
KW  - Alkaline earth metals
KW  - Alkali metals
KW  - Transition metals
KW  - Rare earth elements
KW  - Accidents
KW  - Public health
KW  - Dosage
KW  - Estimates
KW  - Flow rate
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Radioactive decay
KW  - Long term trends
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=0235747X&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, G.J.
AU  - Thompson, G.
TI  - Renewable energy for African development [Language: en]
JO  - Solar Energy
PY  - 1996/07/01/
VL  - 58
IS  - 1/3
SP  - 103
EP  - 109
SN  - 0038092X
AV  - Location: *US (DNAL TJ810.A1S6); Number: 9704588
N1  - Database Contributor: AGRIS. Database Contributor ID: US9704588. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: US9704588. Author Affiliation: Jones, G.J. : Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 1; 
KW  - africa
KW  - rural development
KW  - energy resources
KW  - social change
KW  - electrification
KW  - afrique
KW  - developpement rural
KW  - ressource energetique
KW  - changement social
KW  - desarrollo rural
KW  - recursos energeticos
KW  - cambio social
KW  - electrificacion
KW  - social impact
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Sturchio, N.C.
AU  - Sultan, M
AU  - Lu, Z T
AU  - Du, X
AU  - Lehmann, B E
AU  - Purtschert, R
AU  - Lorenzo, R
AU  - El Alfy, Z
AU  - El-Kaliouby, B
TI  - Residence time of Nubian Aquifer water, Western Desert, Egypt
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
PY  - 2002/01/01/
VL  - 66
IS  - 15A
SP  - AA748
EP  - AA748
SN  - 00167037
AV  - Elsevier Science Ltd: The Boulevard, Langford Lane, East Park, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom
N1  - Database Contributor: NATURAL & CULTURAL HERITAGE OF AFRICA NATCHA. Database Contributor ID: NATCHA-863100. Database Subset: AFRICAN STUDIES. Language: English. Document Type: Abstract. Publication Type: Abstract. Conference: Abstracts of the 12th Annual VM Goldschmidt Conference. Conference Date: August 18-23, 2002. Conference Location: Davos, Switzerland. Accession Number: NATCHA-863100. Author Affiliation: [2002] - University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA 1; Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Research Division, Building 203, 9700 South Cass Avenue, CMT-205, 60439 Argonne, IL, United States 2; 
AB  - NATCHA Abstract: An immense reservoir ((c) 50,000 cubic km) of fresh water in the Nubian sandstone aquifer system underlies portions of Chad, Libya, and the Western Desert of Egypt. This water flows from southwest to northeast and discharges at oases. Recharge occurred during one or more humid climate episodes that prevailed during the late Pleistocene, but significant widespread recharge does not occur presently. D/H and O-18/O-16 ratios are much lower than those of modern precipitation in the region. We have obtained preliminary AMS data for Cl-36 and C-14, providing new constraints on the residence time of the water. An expedition in May 2002 will sample for comprehensive environmental isotope tracer analyses including further Cl-36 and C-14 measurements by AMS, noble gases and other stable isotopes, as well as Kr-85 and Kr-81 measurements by magneto-optical atom-trapping methods (Chen et al., 1999). Cl-36/Cl ratios vary from 33 x 10E-15 to 228 x 10E-15 and generally decrease along flow direction. Residence times calculated from these data can exceed 800 ka, depending on model assumptions, but conservative assumptions yield a range of about 100 to 400 ka. C-14 activities (0.08 to 1.84 pm C) are mostly at background, consistent with Cl-36 model ages, but two samples had measurable 14C that may indicate some recent recharge. The C-14 in these two samples correlates with dissolved oxygen. Other recent work on the Nubian aquifer waters (Dabous and Osmond, 2001) indicates that the upper portion of the aquifer has a component of recent, relatively saline recharge. Therefore, our intercomparison of Cl-36 and Kr-81 will focus on water sampled from the lower portion of the aquifer, which represents the more ancient recharge component
KW  - Subsurface water / groundwater environments
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Bibliography
KW  - Desert environments
KW  - Africa
KW  - Egypt
KW  - Subsurface water / groundwater environments
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Bibliography
KW  - Desert environments
KW  - Africa
KW  - Egypt
KW  - aquifer waters
KW  - freshwater reservoirs
KW  - groundwater discharge
KW  - groundwater geochemistry
KW  - groundwater recharge
KW  - oases
KW  - sandstone aquifers
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=NATCHA-863100&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conrad, M.E.
AU  - Templeton, A.S.
AU  - Daley, P.F.
AU  - Alvarez-Cohen, L.
TI  - Seasonally-induced fluctuations in microbial production and consumption of methane during bioremediation of aged subsurface refinery contamination
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
PY  - 1999/01/01/
VL  - 33
IS  - 22
SP  - 4061
EP  - 4068
SN  - 0013936X
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria); Address: Berkeley, California 94720, United States; E-mail: msconrad@lbl.gov. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02305283. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02305283. 
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Pollution of Soils and Sediments (P130)
KW  - Pollution control and prevention (P190)
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Pollution of Soils and Sediments (P130)
KW  - Pollution control and prevention (P190)
KW  - Intrinsic bioremediation
KW  - United States
KW  - California
KW  - San Francisco
KW  - Alameda Point
KW  - Groundwater pollution
KW  - Soil contamination
KW  - Refinery wastes
KW  - Petroleum hydrocarbons
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - In situ treatment
KW  - Soil microorganisms
KW  - Methane production
KW  - Seasonal variations
KW  - Isotope studies
KW  - Long term trends
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02305283&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whelan, G.
AU  - McDonald, J.P.
AU  - Taira, R.Y.
AU  - Gnanapragasam, E.K.
AU  - Yu, C.
AU  - Lew, C.S.
AU  - Mills, W.B.
TI  - Source-term development for a contaminant plume for use by multimedia risk assessment models
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
PY  - 2000/01/01/
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
SP  - 205
EP  - 223
SN  - 01697722
N1  - Note: Address: PO Box 999, Richland, WA, United States. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02282445. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02282445. 
AB  - HEALTHLIT Abstract: Multimedia modelers from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and US Department of Energy (DOE) are collaborating to conduct a comprehensive and quantitative benchmarking analysis of four intermedia models: MEPAS, MMSOILS, PRESTO, and RESRAD. These models represent typical analytically based tools that are used in human-risk and endangerment assessments at installations containing radioactive and hazardous contaminants. The objective is to demonstrate an approach for developing an adequate source term by simplifying an existing, real-world, 90Sr plume at DOE's Hanford installation in Richland, WA, for use in a multimedia benchmarking exercise between MEPAS, MMSOILS, PRESTO, and RESRAD. Source characteristics and a release mechanism are developed and described; also described is a typical process and procedure that an analyst would follow in developing a source term for using this class of analytical tool in a preliminary assessment. (Author abstract)
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Model studies (G140)
KW  - Pollution sources (P170)
KW  - Pollution of Groundwaters (P120)
KW  - Model studies (G140)
KW  - Pollution sources (P170)
KW  - US Department of Energy
KW  - US Environmental Protection Agency
KW  - Source term modeling
KW  - MEPAS model
KW  - MMSOILS model
KW  - PRESTO model
KW  - RESRAD model
KW  - Strontium
KW  - Hanford
KW  - Richland
KW  - United States
KW  - Groundwater pollution
KW  - Pollutant transport
KW  - Conceptual models
KW  - Analytical models
KW  - Pollution sources
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Radioactive pollutants
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - Benchmarking
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=awn&AN=02282445&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

AU  - Spangler, B D
TI  - Structure and function of cholera toxin and the related Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin
JO  - Microbiological Reviews
PY  - 1992/01/01/
VL  - 56
IS  - 4
SP  - 622
EP  - 647
SN  - 01460749
N1  - Note: Record Source: This record is provided from the MEDLINE database of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), United States. The index terms may have been modified to conform with terminology used throughout the database; CAS Registry Number: 0; 0; 9012-63-9. Database Contributor: MEDLINE. Database Contributor ID: 1480112. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Accession Number: 1480112. Author Affiliation: Biological and Medical Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois 60439 1; 
AB  - MEDLINE Abstract: Cholera and the related Escherichia coli-associated diarrheal disease are important problems confronting Third World nations and any area where water supplies can become contaminated. The disease is extremely debilitating and may be fatal in the absence of treatment. Symptoms are caused by the action of cholera toxin, secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, or by a closely related heat-labile enterotoxin, produced by Escherichia coli, that causes a milder, more common traveler's diarrhea. Both toxins bind receptors in intestinal epithelial cells and insert an enzymatic subunit that modifies a G protein associated with the adenylate cyclase complex. The consequent stimulated production of cyclic AMP, or other factors such as increased synthesis of prostaglandins by intoxicated cells, initiates a metabolic cascade that results in the excessive secretion of fluid and electrolytes characteristic of the disease. The toxins have a very high degree of structural and functional homology and may be evolutionarily related. Several effective new vaccine formulations have been developed and tested, and a growing family of endogenous cofactors is being discovered in eukaryotic cells. The recent elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of the heat-labile enterotoxin has provided an opportunity to examine and compare the correlations between structure and function of the two toxins. This information may improve our understanding of the disease process itself, as well as illuminate the role of the toxin in studies of signal transduction and G-protein function
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinez, G.
AU  - Ho, C.H.
AU  - Griest, W.H.
TI  - Supercritical fluid extraction of explosives and metabolites from composted soil
JO  - Analytical Letters
PY  - 1995/01/01/
VL  - 28
IS  - 8
SP  - 1499
EP  - 1511
SN  - 00032719
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Pretoria. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 02164620. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Journal Article. Accession Number: 02164620. Author Affiliation: Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, United States 1; 
KW  - Chemical and Physical analysis (G210)
KW  - Chemical and Physical analysis (G210)
KW  - Octahydro tetranitro tetrazocine
KW  - TNT
KW  - Hexahydro trinitro triazine
KW  - Amino dinitrotoluene
KW  - Diamino nitrotoluene
KW  - Soil analysis
KW  - Compost
KW  - Explosives
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Pollutant identification
KW  - Supercritical fluid extraction
KW  - High performance liquid chromatography
KW  - Pressure effects
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Extraction time
KW  - Soil columns
KW  - Analytical techniques
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexander, R A
AU  - Worland, V P
AU  - McClenahan, RL, J r
AU  - Hanson, S W
TI  - Using "fresh" to determine a source
JO  - Desalination
PY  - 2003/01/01/
VL  - 156
IS  - 1-3
SP  - 209
EP  - 217
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd: The Boulevard, Langford Lane, East Park, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom
SN  - 00119164
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: University of Stellenbosch. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 825163. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Accession Number: 825163. Author Affiliation: 2003 Year - University of Californie, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, MS E518, USA 1; 
AB  - HEALTHLIT Abstract: Water scarcity is a problem facing the arid southwest portion of the United States. Compounding the scarcity issue is the fact that much of the water is also of poor quality. In recent years, the quest for sources of fresh water has intensified as the realization of the potential for long-term water shortages becomes a reality. This paper examines the definition of "fresh" water as a function of the end use of the water, i.e. human consumption, environmental release, or reuse for industrial or municipal applications. It is within this context that a discussion of the term "fresh" is evaluated as a defining criterion for potential sources. The technology to produce good quality water from poor quality sources exists. However, factors other than technology often control the decision making as to whether to treat a water source of poor quality, or continue to look for a source of higher quality. Some of these factors are: public acceptance, environmental impact, regulations, economics, human health risks, regional issues, political issues. The specific case discussed here uses a wastewater source that is highly controversial by its very nature, as it contains radionuclides and other industrial contaminants. The factors leading to this source being considered are as follows: (1) the municipal water production wells are 1500-2000 ft. 457.5-610 m) below the surface making production costly; (2) the groundwater quantity is limited and recharge is extremely slow; and, (3) the groundwater has a high level of naturally occurring silica (80-120 mg/l The case facility, located in western portion of the United States, treats an average of 15,000 gpd (57 cubic m/d through the use of chemical precipitation, sand filtration, ultrafiltration, ion exchange and reverse osmosis. The secondary waste (reject or concentrate) from this treatment process is further treated with electrodialysis-reversal and mechanical evaporation. The product from this facility is currently discharged, by regulatory permit, to the environment. The product water is being considered for reuse primarily for industrial applications
KW  - Water resources
KW  - Arid environments
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Water processing / water treatment
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - Water resources
KW  - Arid environments
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Water processing / water treatment
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - human health risks
KW  - ion exchange
KW  - ro [reverse osmosis]
KW  - uf [ultrafiltration]
KW  - sand filtration
KW  - chemical precipitation
KW  - wells
KW  - regulations
KW  - environmental impacts
KW  - technology
KW  - water shortage
KW  - fresh water
KW  - water scarcity
KW  - economics
KW  - groundwater
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DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HUNSAKER, C.T.
TI  - The water bubble concept: its suitability to coastal embayments
JO  - Coastal Zone
PY  - 1983/01/01/
SP  - 15
EP  - 31
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers: 345 East 47th Street, New York, New York 10017-2398, USA
SN  - 0-87262-359-9
N1  - Note: Named Person: Coastal Zone 83; Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 851615-2. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Language: English. Document Type: Article. Publication Type: Article. Conference: Coastal Zone 83; Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management; 1-4 June, 1983; Town and Country Hotel, San Diego, California, USA. Accession Number: 851615-2. Author Affiliation: 1983 Year - P.O. Box X, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Environmental Sceinces Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA 1; 
AB  - HEALTHLIT Abstract: Large coastal   embayments   in   heavily populated   areas   are characterized by complex hydrological patterns and large inputs of pollutants from point and nonpoint sources.  These embayments are areas where the regulatory flexibility allowed by a water bubble policy could help improve overall water quality.  With a bubble concept regulators can control the total pollutant load discharged within a bubble area while allowing flexibility in the pollutant load from each discharge point.  The bubble area can be one facility, a group of facilities or a region.   The  bubble  concept  in  environmental  regulations  has  been utilized under the Clean Air Act,  and  a bubble policy was  recently introduced under the Clean Water Act.  A water bubble policy provides flexibility  that  can  reduce  control  costs  and  encourage  faster compliance  as  well  as  allow effluent  discharges  to  be tailored to beneficial  uses  within  the  discharge's  area  of  influence  (e.g., swimming, shell fishing, aquatic ecology, etc.).   San Francisco Bay in California  represents  an  area  with  potential  for  benefiting  from several  variations  of  the  water  bubble  concept.   The  City  of  San Francisco's combined storm-water and sanitary overflow discharges will be used as an example of how tradeoffs between costs and improved water quality were used to determine the number of overflows permitted at a time when a regulatory bubble policy did not  exist.   How a bubble policy could have improved this decision process will be discussed
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Fieldwork / field experiments / monitoring
KW  - Marine environments
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Waste Water
KW  - Pollution / contamination
KW  - Illustrations
KW  - Bibliography
KW  - Crustacea
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Fieldwork / field experiments / monitoring
KW  - Marine environments
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Waste Water
KW  - Pollution / contamination
KW  - Illustrations
KW  - Bibliography
KW  - Crustacea
KW  - North America
KW  - United States
KW  - clean water act
KW  - shellfish
KW  - pesticides
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - crab
KW  - salmon
KW  - sanitary discharge
KW  - regulation
KW  - embayments
KW  - water bubble
KW  - san francisco [map]
KW  - stormwater
KW  - effluent
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Gadgil, A.
AU  - Drescher, A.
AU  - Greene, D.
AU  - Miller, P.
AU  - Motau, C.
AU  - Stevens, F.
ED  - Pickford, J.
ED  - Barker, P.
ED  - Elson, B.
TI  - Field-testing UV disinfection of drinking water
PY  - 1997/01/01/
SN  - 0-906055-54-7
N1  - Note: HEALTHLIT Location: Water Research Commission (Pretoria) C3246; Address: MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, US. Database Contributor: HEALTHLIT. Database Contributor ID: 01989146. Database Subset: AFRICAN HEALTHLINE. Corporate Author: University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Language: English. Document Type: Proceeding. Publication Type: Conference Paper. Accession Number: 01989146. 
KW  - water treatment
KW  - appropriate technology
KW  - water treatment
KW  - appropriate technology
KW  - pathogenic bacteria
KW  - potable water
KW  - full scale tests
KW  - total coliforms
KW  - bacteria inactivation
KW  - performance evaluation
KW  - prototypes
KW  - small scale units
KW  - water treatment
KW  - disinfection
KW  - field tests
KW  - ultraviolet radiation
KW  - south africa
KW  - uv waterworks
KW  - durban
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DB  - awn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Intestinal parasites in the Panama Canal Zone.
AU  - COSGROVE, G. E.
JO  - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
JF  - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Y1  - 1960///
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
SP  - 173
EP  - 174
SN  - 0002-9637
AD  - COSGROVE, G. E.: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.
N1  - Accession Number: 19600801582. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: not specified.  Registry Number: 7439-89-6, 7440-66-6, 7733-02-0, 517-28-2.
N2  - Out of 2, 500 faecal specimens examined between 1955 and 1957 using zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation and iron hematoxylin stained smears, the following percentage of helminth infections was found: Trichuris trichiura, 12%; Ancylostoma spp., 10%; Strongyloides stercoralis, 5-8%; Ascaris lumbricoides, 4-8%; Enterobius vermicularis 0-4%; and Taenia saginata, 0.16%. Comparison with previously reported studies suggested that hookworm especially, and also Strongyloides infections have been considerably reduced from their former high levels. W. K. Dunscombe.
KW  - animal parasitic nematodes
KW  - faeces
KW  - helminthoses
KW  - helminths
KW  - hookworms
KW  - infections
KW  - iron
KW  - nematode infections
KW  - parasites
KW  - zinc
KW  - zinc sulfate
KW  - Panama
KW  - Panama Canal Zone
KW  - Ancylostoma
KW  - Ancylostomatidae
KW  - Ascaris
KW  - Ascaris lumbricoides
KW  - Enterobius
KW  - Enterobius vermicularis
KW  - Strongyloides
KW  - Strongyloides stercoralis
KW  - Taenia
KW  - Taenia saginata
KW  - Taeniidae
KW  - Trichuris
KW  - Trichuris trichiura
KW  - Ancylostomatidae
KW  - Nematoda
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Ascarididae
KW  - Ascaris
KW  - Oxyuridae
KW  - Enterobius
KW  - Strongyloididae
KW  - Strongyloides
KW  - Taeniidae
KW  - Eucestoda
KW  - Cestoda
KW  - Platyhelminthes
KW  - Taenia
KW  - Trichuridae
KW  - Trichuris
KW  - Central America
KW  - America
KW  - Developing Countries
KW  - Threshold Countries
KW  - Latin America
KW  - Panama
KW  - Adenophorea
KW  - Ancylostomatoidea
KW  - Ascaridida
KW  - Canal Zone
KW  - Enoplida
KW  - feces
KW  - haematoxylin
KW  - intestinal parasites
KW  - parasitic worms
KW  - pinworm
KW  - Rhabditida
KW  - Secernentea
KW  - Strongylida
KW  - Taeniarhynchus saginatus
KW  - threadworm
KW  - zinc sulphate
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - gha
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - The cellular reactions in the skin of normal and immune rabbits injected with Trichinella with special reference to the hematogenous origin of macrophages.
AU  - TALIAFERRO, W. H.
AU  - TALIAFERRO, L. G.
A2  - SINGH, K. S.
A2  - TANDAN, B. K.
T2  - The cellular reactions in the skin of normal and immune rabbits injected with Trichinella with special reference to the hematogenous origin of macrophages.
Y1  - 1970///
PB  - Izatnagar, U.P.: Indian Veterinary Research Institute
AD  - TALIAFERRO, W. H.: Division of Biological & Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19720892025. Publication Type: Book. Language: English. 
N2  - In this histological study, skins of normal, immune and hyperimmune rabbits were examined at closely spaced intervals from 30 min. to 2 months following the intracutaneous injection of small numbers of larvae or adults of Trichinella spiralis. The cellular activities during the first few hours in the normal skin are described in detail. They indicate the extent of the migration of agranulocytes from the blood and their development into functional macrophages 36 hours after their entry into the inflamed area. The same sequence took place in immune and hyperimmune rabbits although at successively more rapid rates. In addition, more worms were killed at the site of the injection. [A.S.] P.S.G.
KW  - histology
KW  - macrophages
KW  - Nematoda
KW  - rabbits
KW  - Trichinella
KW  - Trichinella spiralis
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Leporidae
KW  - Lagomorpha
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - small mammals
KW  - Trichinellidae
KW  - Nematoda
KW  - Trichinella
KW  - Adenophorea
KW  - Enoplida
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - gha
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The production of chromosome aberration in Chironomus riparius (Diptera : Chironomidae) by tritiated water.
AU  - BLAYLOCK, B. G.
JO  - Canadian Entomologist
JF  - Canadian Entomologist
Y1  - 1971///
SP  - 448
EP  - 453
SN  - 0008-347X
AD  - BLAYLOCK, B. G.: Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19721000318. Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper. Language: English. Number of References: 19 ref.
KW  - aquatic animals
KW  - aquatic insects
KW  - chromosome aberrations
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - Chironomidae
KW  - Chironomus
KW  - Chironomus riparius
KW  - Diptera
KW  - insects
KW  - Diptera
KW  - insects
KW  - Hexapoda
KW  - arthropods
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Chironomidae
KW  - Chironomus
KW  - chromosome abnormalities
KW  - Aquatic Biology and Ecology (MM300)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - gha
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Induced conditional lethal mutations for the control of insect populations.
AU  - SMITH, R. H.
T2  - Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium on the sterility principle for insect control or eradication jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens, 14-18 September 1970. Vienna, Austria, International Atomic Energy Agency.
JO  - Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium on the sterility principle for insect control or eradication jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens, 14-18 September 1970. Vienna, Austria, International Atomic Energy Agency.
JF  - Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium on the sterility principle for insect control or eradication jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens, 14-18 September 1970. Vienna, Austria, International Atomic Energy Agency.
Y1  - 1971///
SP  - 453
EP  - 465
AD  - SMITH, R. H.: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19721000275. Publication Type: Conference paper. Language: English. Number of References: 21 ref.
N2  - A conditional lethal mutation allows survival and growth of a cell or organism under one (permissive) set of environmental conditions but not under a different (restrictive) set. Temperature-sensitive conditional mutations can be induced in insects by irradiation and by a variety of chemicals (for example by ethyl methane-sulphonate), and the author describes and discusses work in this connection with Bracon (Habrobracon) serinopae (Cherian) and Drosophila. At present, most of the mutations of this type that have been induced are recessive, but it is pointed out that dominant conditional mutations have been induced in some micro-organisms and insects. Many types of induced conditional dominant lethal mutations would undoubtedly be useful for the control of insect populations. Mutations could be selected on the basis of temperature sensitivity; these could be either ' hot ' or ' cold ' mutations for use under different climatic conditions. Other mutants could be produced that would not feed on their natural food-plant but only on an artificial diet; these might have defective mouth-parts or possess some form of chemical-sensitive mechanism. Similarly, a mutant might be induced that could change the feeding habits of a population so that it fed on some economically unimportant food source instead of its primary source. The eighth section includes.
KW  - animal behaviour
KW  - behaviour
KW  - climate
KW  - climatic factors
KW  - environment
KW  - feeding behaviour
KW  - feeding habits
KW  - irradiation
KW  - mutants
KW  - survival
KW  - temperature
KW  - Drosophila
KW  - Drosophilidae
KW  - Diptera
KW  - insects
KW  - Hexapoda
KW  - arthropods
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - animal behavior
KW  - behavior
KW  - eating habits
KW  - feeding behavior
KW  - Animal Behaviour (LL300)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - gha
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transformation of lymphocytes from animals sensitized to Trichinella spiralis.
AU  - KIM, C. W.
AU  - JAMUAR, M. P.
AU  - HAMILTON, L. D.
JO  - Journal of Immunology
JF  - Journal of Immunology
Y1  - 1971///
VL  - 107
IS  - 5
SP  - 1382
EP  - 1389
AD  - KIM, C. W.: Div. of Microbiology, Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19720804430. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: English. 
N2  - guineapigs sensitized once or hypersensitized 4 times at 14-day intervals in the footpads with Trichinella extract emulsified in complete adjuvant were examined for serum antibody content and tissue cellular changes. The following modifications were found in the 2 groups. Those sensitized, when homolpgously skin tested at one week, showed a typical delayed hypersensitivity reaction, whereas the hypersensitized group, when similarly skin tested 2 weeks after the 4th injection, showed an accelerated reaction which appeared somewhat like the Arthrus type. The difference in skin reactivity of the 2 groups was not associated with the kind of cells present at the site but rather with a marked difference in antibody content of the serum and in the absolute and relative number of mono-nuclear cells present at the site and in the lymph nodes. The cellular content of the subcutaneous tissue at the site of the skin test was characteristic of delayed hypersensitivity in both groups as evidenced by a predominant perivascular infiltration of mononuclear cells. The hypersensitized group, as compared with the sensitized group, showed more circulating antibody, as measured by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and the precipitin ring test, a greater proportion, as compared with small lymphocytes, of medium and large lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells and eosinophils, a greater antibody content per mononuclear cell in the lymph nodes, as measured by fluorescent staining, and more deaths (50% vs 0%) when tested by active systemic anaphylaxis. The 4 differences between the sensitized and hypersensitized groups were evident whether the groups were homo-logously skin tested or not. Primed lymphocytes when incubated for 5 days in vitro with the Trichinella antigen showed more transformation into "blast-like" cells in the skin tested as compared with the non-skin tested groups of both sensitized "and hypersensitized guineapigs, but there was no difference between the sensitized and hyper-sensitized groups. [A.S.] D.A.Cz.
KW  - adjuvants
KW  - anaphylaxis
KW  - antigens
KW  - blood plasma
KW  - delayed type hypersensitivity
KW  - eosinophils
KW  - footpads
KW  - hypersensitivity
KW  - in vitro
KW  - lymph nodes
KW  - macrophages
KW  - plasma cells
KW  - skin tests
KW  - staining
KW  - guineapigs
KW  - Nematoda
KW  - Trichinella
KW  - Trichinella spiralis
KW  - Cavia
KW  - Caviidae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - Trichinellidae
KW  - Nematoda
KW  - Trichinella
KW  - Adenophorea
KW  - allergic responses
KW  - anaphylactic reactions
KW  - anaphylactic shock
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - delayed hypersensitivity
KW  - Enoplida
KW  - eosinophil leukocytes
KW  - guinea pigs
KW  - hypersensitiveness
KW  - immunogens
KW  - intradermal tests
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - gha
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human tissue trace-element detection by neutron activation without chemical separation.
AU  - BUDINGER, T. F.
AU  - FARWELL, J. R.
AU  - SMITH, A. R.
AU  - BICHSEL, H.
JO  - International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes
JF  - International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes
Y1  - 1972///
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
SP  - 49
EP  - 56
AD  - BUDINGER, T. F.: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19721495115. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: English. 
KW  - detection
KW  - minerals
KW  - techniques
KW  - trace elements
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - microelements
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - gha
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Control of tissue manganese: initial absence and sudden emergence of excretion in the neonatal mouse.
AU  - Miller, S. T.
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.
AU  - Evert, H. A.
JO  - American Journal of Physiology
JF  - American Journal of Physiology
Y1  - 1975///
VL  - 229
IS  - 4
SP  - 1080
EP  - 1084
SN  - 0002-9513
AD  - Miller, S. T.: Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, N.Y. 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19761440506.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Registry Number: 7439-96-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Veterinary Science; Dairy Science
N2  - Mice did not excrete Mn for the first 17 to 18 days of life, although absorption of the natural 55Mn as well as distribution, tissue accumulation and mitochondrial accumulation of radioactive 54Mn were vigorous. This suggested an initially avid accumulation of Mn, supplied in traces in mouse milk (54 ng/ml) by mothers taking higher concentrations (55 000 ng/g) in their diet. Accumulation was high in the brain, which can be susceptible to both Mn poisoning and deficiency.<new para>ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT:<new para>Neonatal mice did not excrete Mn for the 1st 17-18 days of life, although absorption of the natural 55Mn as well as distribution, tissue accumulation, and mitochondrial accumulation of the radioactive 54Mn were vigorous. This suggested an initially avid accumulation of this essential micronutrient, supplied in scarce traces in mouse milk (54 ng/ml) by mothers consuming very much higher dietary concn. (55 000 ng/g).
KW  - animal physiology
KW  - composition
KW  - laboratory animals
KW  - manganese
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - milk
KW  - newborn animals
KW  - pups
KW  - transfer
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - manganese absorption and excretion
KW  - Mn
KW  - neonate mouse
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Zeeman atomic absorption determination of lead with a dual chamber furnace.
AU  - Hadeishi, T.
AU  - McLaughlin, R. D.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 1976///
VL  - 48
IS  - 7
SP  - 1009
EP  - 1011
AD  - Hadeishi, T.: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19761446382.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 7439-92-1.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Animal Nutrition
N2  - The method was applied to 3% salt water and reference bovine liver without the usual drying and ashing. The detection limit was 50 pg Pb.
KW  - estimation
KW  - lead
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A comparison of simplified methods for lipoprotein quantification using the analytic ultracentrifuge as a standard.
AU  - Lindgren, F. T.
AU  - Silvers, A.
AU  - Jutagir, R.
AU  - Layshot, L.
AU  - Bradley, D. D.
JO  - Lipids
JF  - Lipids
Y1  - 1977///
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
SP  - 278
EP  - 282
SN  - 0024-4201
AD  - Lindgren, F. T.: Donner Lab., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19771460671.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 12 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The method of Friedewald et al. (Clinical Chemistry (1972), 18, 499) using MnCl2-heparin precipitation and the electrophoretic method of Wong et al. (Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine (1977), 89, 1341) were suitable for estimating lipoprotein and cost $4 to 5/analysis. The former method can be used on frozen serum and requires 3 ml whereas the latter method requires 50 ml fresh serum.
KW  - estimation
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mirex. An overview.
AU  - Waters, E. M.
AU  - Huff, J. E.
AU  - Gerstner, H. B.
JO  - Environmental Research
JF  - Environmental Research
Y1  - 1977///
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
SP  - 212
EP  - 222
AD  - Waters, E. M.: Toxicology Information Response Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37830, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19780557672.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 56 ref. Registry Number: 2385-85-5.  Subject Subsets: Agricultural Entomology; Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - The literature is reviewed on the chemical and physical properties of mirex, its effects on the target species (Solenopsis spp., leaf-cutting ants [Attini] and harvester ants [Messor spp.]), its degradation, persistence and bioaccumulation in the environment, its metabolism in mammalian systems, its toxicology in invertebrates, lower vertebrates, birds and mammals, its carcinogenicity and its effects on reproduction. This insecticide is very effective as a stomach poison against Solenopsis spp., but its use is being restricted owing to the discovery of adverse effects in mammals, which do not metabolise it; these effects include liver damage and hepatomas in mice, reduced litter size and a high incidence of cataract in the offspring of treated rats, and symptoms similar to those of DDT poisoning in both rats and mice. The extreme persistence of mirex in the natural environment provides an opportunity for its accumulation in the food-chain.
KW  - agricultural entomology
KW  - cataract
KW  - chemical control
KW  - chemical properties
KW  - control
KW  - hepatoma
KW  - insecticidal properties
KW  - insecticides
KW  - mirex
KW  - nontarget effects
KW  - persistence
KW  - pesticides
KW  - physical properties
KW  - reviews
KW  - toxicity
KW  - Formicidae
KW  - Hymenoptera
KW  - Messor
KW  - MICE
KW  - RATS
KW  - Solenopsis
KW  - Hymenoptera
KW  - insects
KW  - Hexapoda
KW  - arthropods
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Formicidae
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - Attini
KW  - Animal Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (LL900) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Pathogen, Pest, Parasite and Weed Management (General) (HH000) 
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs (General) (HH400) 
KW  - Public Health and Nuisance Pests (VV300) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Pests, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Plants (FF600) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - High density lipoprotein distribution. Resolution and determination of three major components in a normal population sample.
AU  - Anderson, D. W.
AU  - Nichols, A. V.
AU  - Pan, S. S.
AU  - Lindgren, F. T.
JO  - Atherosclerosis
JF  - Atherosclerosis
Y1  - 1978///
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
SP  - 161
EP  - 179
SN  - 0021-9150
AD  - Anderson, D. W.: Donner, Lab., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, Calif, 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19781473438.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 15 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Serum concentrations of the 3 main components of total high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HDL2b, d 1.063 to 1.100 g/ml, HDL2a,d 1.100 to 1.125 g/ml and HDL3, d 1.125 to 1.200 g/ml, were estimated in 160 clinically screened subjects from a normal population sample. The estimation involved graphically fitting reference ultracentrifugal schlieren patterns for each of the 3 components to the subjects' total HDL schlieren patterns with the aid of a computer. The mean error of fitting all 3 references patterns was low, 9 plus or minus 8% (s.d.) of total area. Mean serum HDL2b and HDL2a values were significantly higher in women than in men for each of the 4 age decades surveyed, 27 to 36, 37 to 46, 47 to 56 and 57 to 66 years. Mean HDL3 serum values were slightly higher in men than in women for the population as a whole. Regression of HDL2b, HDL2a and HDL3 values on each other and on total HDL serum concentration showed 2 sex-independent trends: HDL3 was negatively correlated with HDL2b, not correlated with HDL2a, and was relatively constant, mean 158 plus or minus 30 (s.d.) mg/100 ml. HDL2b and HDL2a were highly correlated and showed a progressive build up with increasing total HDL. As HDL2b and HDL2a account mostly for the differences in total HDL values observed, it is suggested that they may be the critical HDL components determining the inverse correlation of HDL cholesterol with coronary heart disease.
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - distribution of serum h.d. lipoprotein in normal population sample
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Mucin biosynthesis by rat tracheal explants: a model to study the biochemical and morphological effect of vitamin A.
AU  - Clark, J. N.
AU  - Marchok, A. C.
T2  - Federation Proceedings
JO  - Federation Proceedings
JF  - Federation Proceedings
Y1  - 1978///
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
SP  - 709
EP  - 709
SN  - 0014-9446
AD  - Clark, J. N.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19781472761.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 68-26-8.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
KW  - mucins
KW  - RETINOL
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - axerophthol
KW  - vitamin A
KW  - vitamin A alcohol
KW  - vitamin A on mucin formation by trachea
KW  - vitamin A1
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19781472761&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The uses of duckweed.
AU  - Hillman, W. S.
AU  - Culley, D. D., Jr.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1978///
VL  - 66
IS  - 4
SP  - 442
EP  - 451
SN  - 0003-0996
AD  - Hillman, W. S.: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19781943893.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 59 ref. Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - The use of Lemna and other aquatic weeds for waste-water treatment is discussed and their potentialities for culture as feed crops, for the recovery of nutrients and for methane and heat production on the farm are considered.
KW  - public health engineering
KW  - purification
KW  - water treatment
KW  - Lemna
KW  - Lemnaceae
KW  - Arales
KW  - monocotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Engineering and Equipment (General) (NN000) 
KW  - Wastes (General) (XX000) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19781943893&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Serum lipoprotein concentrations in cystic fibrosis.
AU  - Vaughan, W. J.
AU  - Lindgren, F. T.
AU  - Whalen, J. B.
AU  - Abraham, S.
JO  - Science, USA
JF  - Science, USA
Y1  - 1978///
VL  - 199
IS  - 4330
SP  - 783
EP  - 786
AD  - Vaughan, W. J.: Donner Lab., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19781467481.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 28 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Blood was sampled from normal subjects and patients with cystic fibrosis for estimation of serum proteins by electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel and low-density (LDL), high-density (HDL) and very-low-density (VLDL) lipoproteins by agarose gel electrophoresis, analytical ultracentrifuging and refractometry. The LDL and HDL were less in the serum of the patients than in the controls; the main apoproteins of LDL and HDL and cholesterol were also decreased. As essential fatty acids and certain fat-soluble vitamins depend on lipoproteins for transport in serum, knowledge of lipoprotein values in cystic fibrosis could prove valuable in understanding the basis for the abnormally low serum concentrations of those fatty acids and vitamins and the effects of treatment involving those molecules.
KW  - cystic fibrosis
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - serum lipoprotein in cystic fibrosis
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - A priori predictive methods of assessing health effects of chemicals in the environment.
AU  - Kland, M. J.
A2  - Jolley, R.L.
A2  - Gorchev, H.
A2  - Hamilton, D.H., Jr.
T2  - Water chlorination, environmental impact and health effects. Volume 2
JO  - Water chlorination, environmental impact and health effects. Volume 2
JF  - Water chlorination, environmental impact and health effects. Volume 2
Y1  - 1978///
SP  - 451
EP  - 469
CY  - Ann Arbor, Michigan; USA
PB  - Ann Arbor Science Publishers Inc.
AD  - Kland, M. J.: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19791494763.  Publication Type: Miscellaneous.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 16887-00-6.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Four of the methods for estimating effect on health of man of chemicals in the environment, including chlorine in water, are briefly described. Methods are quantitative structure/activity relations, factor analysis, pattern recognition/artificial intelligence and molecular connectivity.
KW  - chemicals
KW  - chloride
KW  - drinking water
KW  - health
KW  - Man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - estimation of health effects of environmental chemicals
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Freshwater and Brackish Water (PP210) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Reduced chromium retention in patients with hemochromatosis, a possible basis of hemochromatotic diabetes.
AU  - Sargent, T., III
AU  - Lim, T. H.
AU  - Jenson, R. L.
JO  - Metabolism
JF  - Metabolism
Y1  - 1979///
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
SP  - 70
EP  - 79
AD  - Sargent, T., III: Donner Lab. Medical Physics and Biophysics, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19791483070.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 19 ref. Registry Number: 7440-47-3.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The diabetes which characterizes haemochromatosis may be the result of exclusion of chromium by iron at metabolic binding sites. 51CrCl3 was given by vein to 5 normal men 23 to 50 years old, 6 patients with haemochromatosis before the therapeutic removal of Fe and 5 patients with different amounts of Fe loading. Retention of 51Cr was estimated for 8 months and in blood for 40 to 80 days. Analysis of whole-body retention curves showed 3 exponential components with half-times of 0.56, 12.7 and 192 days; the blood curves had 4 components with half-times of 13 min, 6.3 h, 1.9 and 8.3 days. The half-times were not different between normal men and patients. The coefficients of these components were less for the long half-time components in the Fe-loaded patients, showing reduced retention of 51Cr.
KW  - chromium
KW  - diabetes
KW  - haemochromatosis
KW  - Man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chromium retention and diabetes in haemochromatosis
KW  - hemochromatosis
KW  - iron storage disease
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19791483070&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Synthesis and secretion of lipoproteins by cultured rat hepatocytes.
AU  - Bell-Quint, J.
AU  - Forte, T.
T2  - Journal of Cell Biology
JO  - Journal of Cell Biology
JF  - Journal of Cell Biology
Y1  - 1979///
VL  - 83
IS  - 2, II
SP  - 99a
EP  - 99a
SN  - 0021-9525
AD  - Bell-Quint, J.: Donner Lab., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19791495686.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - liver cells
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - hepatocytes
KW  - lipoprotein formation and secretion by cultured liver cells
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A simple technique for detection and quantitation of lactose synthesis and secretion.
AU  - Emerman, J. T.
AU  - Bissell, M. J.
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 1979///
VL  - 94
IS  - 2
SP  - 340
EP  - 345
SN  - 0003-2697
AD  - Emerman, J. T.: Lab. of Chem. Biodynamics, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19790452153.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Registry Number: 62-42-3.  Subject Subsets: Dairy Science; Human Nutrition
N2  - A combination of high specific activity [14C]glucose, 2-dimensional chromatography and autoradiography can be utilized to follow the flow of glucose C into lactose and various intermediary metabolites of the mammary gland. The technique described requires a min. amount of tissue manipulation, is quantitative, utilizes mg quantities of sample, and can be used for tissue pieces, single cell suspensions, and cells in culture. Clean separation of lactose from intermediates of glucose metabolism in a single chromatogram will aid the study of the regulation of mammary-specific functions.
KW  - detection
KW  - lactose
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - measurement
KW  - synthesis
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - estimation of lactose formation and secretion
KW  - metrology
KW  - milk sugar
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19790452153&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Radiological considerations of phosphogypsum utilization in agriculture.
AU  - Lindeken, C. L.
A2  - Borris, D.P.
A2  - Boody, P.W.
T2  - Phosphogypsum
JO  - Phosphogypsum
JF  - Phosphogypsum
Y1  - 1980///
SP  - 459
EP  - 480
CY  - Bartow, Florida; USA
PB  - Florida Institute of Phosphate Research
AD  - Lindeken, C. L.: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19831974272.  Publication Type: Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 17 ref. Registry Number: 7440-14-4.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - The radiological concerns associated with phosphogypsum utilization as a substitute for natural gypsum in agriculture have been placed in perspective by considering the consequences of a hypothetical case involving heavy long term applications of phosphogypsum. Such a schedule might consist of an initial gypsum application of 10 tons/acre followed by alternate year applications of 5 tons/acre. If the radium content of the gypsum were 15 pCi/g and the till depth 6 inches, this schedule could be maintained for > 100 years before the radium buildup in the soil would reach a proposed federal concentration limit of 5 pCi/g. An agricultural worker spending 40 hrs a week in a field containing 5 pCi/g of radium would be exposed to terrestrial radiation of approx equal to 7 mu R/hr above background. This exposure would result in an annual radiation dose of approx equal to 15 mrem, which is 3% of the recommended limit for an individual working in an uncontrolled area. Five pCi/g of radium in the soil could generate airborne radon daughter concentrations exceeding the concentration limit proposed for residential exposure. However, as residential exposure limits are predicated on 75% of continuous occupancy, these limits should not be applied to agricultural workers because of the seasonal nature of their work. Radium uptake by food crops grown in the hypothetical soil would result in a 50 year integrated dose to the bone surface of 1.4 rem. This dose is conservatively based on the assumption that an adult's total vegetable diet comes from this source and that consumption was continuous during the 50 year period. For comparison individuals in unrestricted areas are permitted annual radiation doses to the bone of about 2 rem. Land use conversion from agricultural to residential has a potential for concern, since soil containing 5 pCi/g of radium can generate airborne concentrations of radon daughters in buildings which exceed the federal guidance for residential occupancy.[TVA]
KW  - amendments
KW  - byproducts
KW  - fertilizer technology
KW  - Phosphogypsum
KW  - public health
KW  - radium
KW  - utilization
KW  - fertiliser technology
KW  - Health Services (UU350) 
KW  - Human Health and Hygiene (General) (VV000) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Human Health and Hygiene (General)
KW  - Plant Ecology (ZZ331) 
KW  - Fertilizers and other Amendments (JJ700) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19831974272&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heterogeneity of serum low density lipoproteins in normal human subjects.
AU  - Shen, M. M. S.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
AU  - Lindgren, F. T.
AU  - Forte, T. M.
JO  - Journal of Lipid Research
JF  - Journal of Lipid Research
Y1  - 1981///
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
SP  - 236
EP  - 244
SN  - 0022-2275
AD  - Shen, M. M. S.: Donner Lab., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19811426080.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 18 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Equilibrium density gradient ultracentrifugation of serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from 12 healthy subjects was used to separate 6 subfractions with mean density from 1.0268 to 1.0597 g/ml. Mean corrected peak flotation rats (Sfo) estimated by analytic ultracentrifugation, and mean particle diameter determined by negative staining electron microscopy, declined significantly with increasing density of the subfractions. Major differences in chemical composition of the subfractions were noted, including a lower triglyceride content and higher ratio of cholesteryl ester to triglyceride in the middle fractions compared with those of highest and lowest density. Concentration of fraction 2 was correlated positively with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and negatively with very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL); concentration of fraction 4 was correlated negatively with HDL and positively with VLDL and LDL. LDL may thus include subspecies of differing structure and composition which might also have different metabolic and artherogenic roles.
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - Man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - serum l.d. subfractions in normals
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19811426080&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Virus removal during groundwater recharge: effects of infiltration rate on adsorption of poliovirus to soil.
AU  - Vaughn, J. M.
AU  - Landry, E. F.
AU  - Beckwith, C. A.
AU  - Thomas, McH. Z.
JO  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 1981///
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
SP  - 139
EP  - 147
SN  - 0099-2240
AD  - Vaughn, J. M.: Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19811961918.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 23 ref. Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - The influence of infiltration rate on poliovirus removal during groundwater recharge with tertiary-treated wastewater effluents was studied at a recharge basin through which some 62,000 m3 of sewage had previously been applied. Recharge at high infiltration rates (75 to 100 cm/h) resulted in the movement of considerable numbers of seeded poliovirus to the groundwater. Moderately reduced infiltration rates (6 cm/h) significantly improved virus removal. Very low infiltration rates (0.5 to 1.0 cm/h), achieved by partial clogging of the test basin, yielded the greatest virus removal efficiencies.
KW  - APPLICATION TO LAND
KW  - sewage effluent
KW  - sorption
KW  - wastes
KW  - poliovirus
KW  - viruses
KW  - Enterovirus
KW  - Picornaviridae
KW  - positive-sense ssRNA viruses
KW  - ssRNA viruses
KW  - RNA viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - land application
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Soil Biology (JJ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19811961918&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impacts of evaporative cooling towers in arid environments.
AU  - McBrayer, J. F.
AU  - Oakes, K. M.
JO  - Journal of Arid Environments
JF  - Journal of Arid Environments
Y1  - 1982///
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
SP  - 385
EP  - 398
SN  - 0140-1963
AD  - McBrayer, J. F.: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19841989022.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 30 ref. Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - The effects of drift from saline water used in cooling towers at two proposed energy projects in southeastern California, USA, on nearby soil and vegetation were assessed. The severity of the effects was associated with the level of salinity of the water in the cooling towers, the effectiveness of drift eliminators, the initial salinity of the receiving soils, the salt tolerance of the vegetation and the potential for removal of salts from soils by irrigation or precipitation. The consequences of saline drift for agriculture in the region are discussed.
KW  - arid lands
KW  - arid soils
KW  - arid zones
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - soil
KW  - California
KW  - USA
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - arid regions
KW  - cooling waters
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Engineering and Equipment (General) (NN000) 
KW  - Human Health and Hygiene (General) (VV000) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Human Health and Hygiene (General)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19841989022&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Separation of aflatoxins from filter cake.
AU  - Ogawa, I.
AU  - Chriswell, C. D.
JO  - Journal of Chromatographic Science
JF  - Journal of Chromatographic Science
Y1  - 1982///
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
SP  - 73
EP  - 74
SN  - 0021-9665
AD  - Ogawa, I.: Ames Laboratory USDOE, Iowa State Univ., Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19831389089.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 9 ref. Subject Subsets: Animal Nutrition; Human Nutrition; Medical & Veterinary Mycology
N2  - Size-exclusion chromatography using silanized porous silica microspheres was used to clean up a sample of filter cake (from a methane-producing anaerobic digestor in Florida) prior to aflatoxin analysis. Aflatoxins B1 and B2 at 1 p.p.b. were found in the sample, indicating that this material will not cause any environmental problems due to aflatoxin content.
KW  - aflatoxins
KW  - contamination
KW  - Mycotoxins
KW  - sewage
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - fungal toxins
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Feed Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (RR200) 
KW  - Plant Composition (FF040) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19831389089&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identification of multiple subclasses of plasma low density lipoproteins in normal humans.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
AU  - Burke, D. J.
JO  - Journal of Lipid Research
JF  - Journal of Lipid Research
Y1  - 1982///
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
SP  - 97
EP  - 104
SN  - 0022-2275
AD  - Krauss, R. M.: Donner Lab., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19821435795.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - Man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - estimation and normal values of serum l.d. lipoprotein subclasses
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The irrigation demand for electricity.
AU  - Maddigan, R. J.
AU  - Chern, W. S.
AU  - Rizy, C. G.
JO  - American Journal of Agricultural Economics
JF  - American Journal of Agricultural Economics
Y1  - 1982///
VL  - 64
IS  - 4
SP  - 673
EP  - 680
SN  - 0002-9092
AD  - Maddigan, R. J.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19821894738.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 4 tab., 19 ref. Subject Subsets: World Agriculture, Economics & Rural Sociology; Agricultural Engineering; Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - This paper examines regional differences in the irrigation demand for electricity in the USA, based upon the Rural Electric Cooperatives' statistics on the sale of power for irrigation. A simultaneous equation system is developed to focus on both the short run utilization of electricity and the long run determination of the number of irrigators using electricity. The structural equations are estimated using pooled state level data for the period 1969-1979. In the light of the model's results, the impacts of changes in relative energy prices on irrigation are examined.
KW  - demand
KW  - electricity
KW  - energy sources
KW  - irrigation
KW  - prices
KW  - regions
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - United States of America
KW  - watering
KW  - Water Resources, Irrigation and Drainage Economics (EE170) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Energy (PP100) 
KW  - Engineering and Equipment (General) (NN000) 
KW  - Human Health and Hygiene (General) (VV000) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Human Health and Hygiene (General)
KW  - Soil Water Management (Irrigation and Drainage) (JJ800) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Soil Water Management]
KW  - Input Supply Industries (Macroeconomics) (EE140) 
KW  - Input Utilization (Microeconomics) (EE145) 
KW  - Irrigation and Drainage Equipment (NN440) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19821894738&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Vitamin E deficiency and photosensitization of electron-transport carriers in microsomes.
AU  - Quintanilha, A. T.
AU  - Davies, K. J. A.
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 1982///
VL  - 139
IS  - 2
SP  - 241
EP  - 244
SN  - 0014-5793
AD  - Quintanilha, A. T.: Membrane Bioenergetics Groups, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19821436294.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Registry Number: 1406-18-4.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Male Long-Evans rats weighing about 100 g were given a diet with vitamin E less than 1 or 21 IU/100 g. After 3 months on the diets, microsomes were prepared from perfused livers and were incubated aerobically in the dark or light. Microsomes from rats deprived of vitamin E treated with visible light showed higher values for the destruction of cytochrome P450 and protohaem, which correlated well with increased values of lipid peroxidation when compared with control microsomes. Those effects were abolished under anaerobiosis. The photoinactivation of NADPH-cytochrome P450-reductase was similar in samples from rats deprived of vitamin E and controls, but was recovered when the cofactor FMN was added and was partly reversed under nitrogen. The results suggest that the photoinactivation of cytochrome P450 is mediated by lipid peroxides, whereas that of NADPH-cytochrome P450-reductase is not. Cytochrome b5 and NADH-cytochrome b5-reductase were not photosensitive.
KW  - liver cells
KW  - microsomes
KW  - photosensitization
KW  - vitamin E
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - hepatocytes
KW  - vitamin E deficiency and photosensitization of electron-transport carriers in microsomes
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19821436294&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics, oxygen supply, and work capacity during dietary iron deficiency and repletion.
AU  - Davies, K. J. A.
AU  - Maguire, J. J.
AU  - Brooks, G. A.
AU  - Dallman, P. R.
AU  - Packer, L.
JO  - American Journal of Physiology
JF  - American Journal of Physiology
Y1  - 1982///
VL  - 242
IS  - 6
SP  - E418
EP  - E427
SN  - 0002-9513
AD  - Davies, K. J. A.: Membrane Bioenergetics Group, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19821441854.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 35 ref. Registry Number: 7439-89-6.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Relations between muscle oxidative capacity, anaemia, endurance, whole-body maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), and VO2max load (maximum treadmill speed at 15% grade, rat weight constant) were studied in iron deprivation and during dietary Fe repletion. Young rats were made severely Fe-deficient by a diet with Fe 2 mg/kg. Controls had the same diet with Fe 50 mg/kg. Blood haemoglobin was decreased to 3.6 g/100 ml compared with 13.7 plus or minus 0.6 in controls. The combination of decreased mitochondrial enzyme specific activities and a 30% reduction in the mitochondrial content of muscle resulted in 60 to 80% decreases in muscle oxidative capacities. VO2max and VO2max work load were both 50% lower in deprived rats, whereas endurance capacity was 90% lower in deprived animals than in controls. The control diet was then given to deprived rats. Haemoglobin increased within 3 days in parallel with VO2max and VO2max work load. No significant improvement in mitochondrial bioenergetic functions, mitochondrial content of muscle, muscle oxidative capacity or endurance capacity occurred until the 5th day.
KW  - deficiency
KW  - energy exchange
KW  - iron
KW  - oxygen consumption
KW  - work capacity
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19821441854&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Trench water chemistry at commercially operated low-level radioactive waste disposal sites.
AU  - Pietrzak, R. F.
AU  - Dayal, R.
AU  - Kinsley, M. T.
AU  - Clinton, J.
AU  - Czyscinski, K. S.
AU  - Weiss, A. J.
A2  - Brookins, D.G.
T2  - Scientific basis for nuclear waste management VI
JO  - Scientific basis for nuclear waste management VI
JF  - Scientific basis for nuclear waste management VI
Y1  - 1983///
SP  - 217
EP  - 225
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
AD  - Pietrzak, R. F.: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19841987073.  Publication Type: Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 6 ref. Registry Number: 7732-18-5.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Water samples from the disposal trenches of two low-level radioactive waste burial sites were analyzed for their inorganic, organic, and radionuclide contents. Since oxidation of the trench waters can occur during their movement along the groundwater flow path, experiments were performed to measure the chemical and physical changes that occur in these waters upon oxidation. In addition to the highly acidic conditions of the oxidized Maxey Flats trench water, low concentrations of chelating agents, shown to exist in trench waters, may be responsible for keeping radionuclides in solution following oxidation of anoxic trench leachates from Maxey Flats and West Valley burial sites.
KW  - disposal
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - Wastes
KW  - water
KW  - Kentucky
KW  - New York
KW  - USA
KW  - Appalachian States of USA
KW  - Southern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - East South Central States of USA
KW  - Middle Atlantic States of USA
KW  - Northeastern States of USA
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - Nuclear Waste Management
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Engineering and Equipment (General) (NN000) 
KW  - Human Health and Hygiene (General) (VV000) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Human Health and Hygiene (General)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Familial apolipoprotein AI and apolipoprotein CIII deficiency. Subclass distribution, composition, and morphology of lipoproteins in a disorder associated with premature atherosclerosis.
AU  - Forte, T. M.
AU  - Nichols, A. V.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
AU  - Norum, R. A.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Investigation
JF  - Journal of Clinical Investigation
Y1  - 1984///
VL  - 74
IS  - 5
SP  - 1601
EP  - 1613
SN  - 0021-9738
AD  - Forte, T. M.: Donner Lab., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19851471120.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 47 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Lipoprotein classes isolated from the plasma of 2 patients with apolipoprotein AI (apo AI) and apolipoprotein CIII (apo CIII) deficiency were characterized and compared with those of healthy, age- and sex-matched controls. The plasma triglyceride values for patients 1 and 2 were 31 and 51 mg/100 ml, respectively, and their cholesterol values were 130 and 122 mg/100 ml, respectively; the patients had no measurable high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Analytical ultracentrifuging showed that patients' Sf 0 to 20 lipoproteins possess a single peak with Sf rates of 7.4 and 7.6 for patients 1 and 2, respectively, which is similar to that of the controls. The concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (Sf 0 to 12) particles, although within normal range (331 and 343 mg/100 ml for patients 1 and 2, respectively), was 35% greater than that of controls. Intermediate-density lipoproteins and very-low-density lipoproteins (Sf 20 to 400) were extremely low in the patients. HDL in the patients had a calculated mass of 15.4 and 11.8 mg/100 ml for patients 1 and 2, respectively. No HDL was detected by analytical ultracentrifuging, but polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (gge) showed that the patients possessed 2 major HDL subclasses: (HDL2b)gge at 11.0 nm and (HDL3b)gge at 7.8 nm. The major peak in the controls, (HDL3a)gge, was lacking in the patients. Gradient gel analysis of LDL indicated that patients' LDL possessed 2 peaks: a major one at 27 nm and a minor one at 26 nm. The electron microscopic structure of patients' lipoprotein fractions was indistinguishable from controls. Patients' HDL were spherical and contained a cholesteryl ester core, which suggests that lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase was functional in the absence of apo AI. The effects of postprandial lipaemia (100-g fat meal) were studied in patient 1. The major changes were the appearance of a 33-nm particle in the LDL density region of 1.036 to 1.041 g/ml and the presence of discoidal particles (12% of total particles) in the HDL region. The latter suggests that transformation of discs to spheres may be delayed in the patient.
KW  - apolipoproteins
KW  - blood
KW  - deficiency
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - Man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distinguishing effects of anemia and muscle iron deficiency on exercise bioenergetics in the rat.
AU  - Davies, K. J. A.
AU  - Donovan, C. M.
AU  - Refino, C. J.
AU  - Brooks, G. A.
AU  - Packer, L.
AU  - Dallman, P. R.
JO  - American Journal of Physiology
JF  - American Journal of Physiology
Y1  - 1984///
VL  - 246
IS  - 6 (I)
SP  - E535
EP  - E543
SN  - 0002-9513
AD  - Davies, K. J. A.: Membrane Bioenergetics Group, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Dep. Physiology-Anatomy, Univ. California, Berkeley 94720, Calif., USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19851466780.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 31 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Three weeks of dietary iron deficiency in weanling rats resulted in anaemia (haemoglobin 3.9 vs. 14.2 g/100 ml in controls) and decreased oxidative capacities of skeletal muscle (as much as 90% below control values). Whole-animal maximum O2 consumption (VO2max), measured in a brief treadmill run of progressively increasing work load, was about 50% lower for Fe-deficient rats than for controls, and maximum endurance capacity (time to exhaustion in a separate treadmill run at a constant, sub-VO2max work load) was 90% lower for Fe-deficient rats than for controls. Exchange transfusion, with packed erythrocytes or plasma, was used to adjust Hb to an intermediate concentration of about 9.5 g/100 ml in Fe-deficient and control rats. This procedure corrected the VO2max of Fe-deficient rats to within 15% of control values, whereas endurance capacity showed no improvement. Experimental dissociation of VO2max and endurance capacity provides further evidence that VO2max is not the only determinant of endurance. It is proposed that defects in VO2max during Fe deficiency result primarily from diminished O2 delivery, whereas decreased endurance capacity reflects impaired muscle mitochondrial function.
KW  - Iron deficiency anaemia
KW  - work capacity
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - iron deficiency anemia
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19851466780&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - The molecular response of cadmium resistant Datura innoxia cells to heavy metal stress.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
AU  - Naranjo, C. M.
AU  - McClure, P. R.
AU  - Roth, E. J.
A2  - Key, J.L.
A2  - Kosuge, T.
T2  - Cellular and molecular biology of plant stress.
JO  - Cellular and molecular biology of plant stress.
JF  - Cellular and molecular biology of plant stress.
Y1  - 1984///
SP  - 145
EP  - 160
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Alan R. Liss, Inc.
AD  - Jackson, P. J.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19851998605.  Publication Type: Miscellaneous.  Language: English.  Number of References: 22 ref. Registry Number: 7440-43-9.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers; Horticultural Science
N2  - Datura innoxia suspension culture cells can be selected for the ability to grow rapidly for extended periods of time in normally toxic concentrations of cadmium ion. Resistance to this toxic heavy metal is correlated with the ability to rapidly synthesize large amounts of one or more low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal binding proteins. Resistance to increasing concentrations of cadmium is correlated with both the rate of de novo synthesis and the maximum accumulation of these binding proteins within cadmium resistant cells. The ability of one metal binding protein to tightly bind copper ion suggests that these proteins may normally play a role in trace metal metabolism and transport. Metal binding proteins are not easily detectable in the cadmium sensitive cells from which resistant cells were derived.
KW  - cadmium
KW  - medicinal plants
KW  - Plant composition
KW  - Pollution
KW  - proteins
KW  - research
KW  - responses
KW  - tissue culture
KW  - toxicity
KW  - Datura metel
KW  - Datura
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Solanales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chemical constituents of plants
KW  - DATURA FASTUOSA
KW  - Datura innoxia
KW  - drug plants
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - studies
KW  - Plant Composition (FF040) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Pests, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Plants (FF600) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Plant Disorders and Injuries (Not caused directly by Organisms) (FF700) 
KW  - Environmental Tolerance of Plants (FF900) 
KW  - Weeds and Noxious Plants (FF500) 
KW  - Pathogen, Pest, Parasite and Weed Management (General) (HH000) 
KW  - Plant Science (General) (FF000) 
KW  - in vitro Culture of Plant Material (FF170) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Grouting as a remedial technique for buried low-level radioactive wastes.
AU  - Spalding, B. P.
AU  - Hyder, L. K.
AU  - Munro, I. L.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 1985///
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
SP  - 389
EP  - 396
SN  - 0047-2425
AD  - Spalding, B. P.: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19851999435.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 17 ref. Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - The effectiveness of grouting (the process of forcing a fluid into the void spaces of a soil or rock formation to create a cohesive mass less permeable to water) was studied with seven grout formulations in the laboratory for their ability to penetrate soils and to reduce their hydraulic conductivity in the case of soils used as backfills for shallow land burial trenches. Soils from two sites were used, both of which were classified as Typic Dystrochrepts. Three soluble grout formulations (sodium silicate, polypropenamide [polyacrylamide], and 1,3-Benzenediol [resorcinol]-formaldehyde) were able to penetrate soil or sand columns and reduce hydraulic conductivities from initial values of ca. 10-4 m s-1 to < 10-8 m s-1. Three particulate grouts (lime [calcium oxide]-fly ash, fly ash-cement-bentonite, and bentonite alone) could not penetrate the columns; such formulations would, therefore, be difficult to inject into closed burial trenches. Field demonstrations with sodium silicate and polyacrylamide showed that grout could be distributed throughout a burial trench and that waste-backfill hydraulic conductivity could be reduced several orders of magnitude. Field grouting with polyacrylamide reduced the mean hydraulic conductivity of nine intratrench monitoring wells from 10-4 to 10-8 m s-1.
KW  - Public health engineering
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - waste disposal
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - Wastes (General) (XX000) 
KW  - Plant Science (General) (FF000) 
KW  - Engineering and Equipment (General) (NN000) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Severe depletion in liver glutathione during physical exercise.
AU  - Pyke, S.
AU  - Lew, H.
AU  - Quintanilha, A.
JO  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 1986///
VL  - 139
IS  - 3
SP  - 926
EP  - 931
SN  - 0006-291X
AD  - Pyke, S.: A. Quintanilha, Dep. Physiology-Anatomy, Applied Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19861489755.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref. Registry Number: 70-18-8.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Submaximum physical exercise in rats resulted in a progressive depletion of liver glutathione (GSH) to about 20% of the value for sedentary controls and this persisted for several hours after exercise ceased. GSH in skeletal muscle was not <60% of control. Plasma GSH showed an initial transient increase followed by a linear decrease with increased running time of the rats. The results may be particularly relevant when attempting to understand the effects of physical exercise on a large number of cellular and organismal functions that are known or suspected to depend critically on the GSH status of the liver.
KW  - exercise
KW  - Glutathione
KW  - liver
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Simultaneous determination of tocopherols, ubiquinols, and ubiquinones in blood, plasma, tissue homogenates, and subcellular fractions.
AU  - Lang, J. K.
AU  - Gohil, K.
AU  - Packer, L.
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 1986///
VL  - 157
IS  - 1
SP  - 106
EP  - 116
SN  - 0003-2697
AD  - Lang, J. K.: Membrane Bioenergetics Group, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19861488609.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 17 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - A fast single-step lipid extraction procedure and high-performance liquid chromatography with in-line ultraviolet and electrochemical detection were used for simultaneous estimation of tocopherols, ubiquinols and ubiquinones in blood, plasma, tissue homogenates and subcellular fractions.
KW  - blood
KW  - estimation
KW  - tissues
KW  - Tocopherols
KW  - Ubiquinones
KW  - coenzyme q
KW  - mitoquinones
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19861488609&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distribution of airborne radon-222 concentrations in US homes.
AU  - Nero, A. V.
AU  - Schwehr, M. B.
AU  - Nazaroff, W. W.
AU  - Revzan, K. L.
JO  - Science, USA
JF  - Science, USA
Y1  - 1986///
VL  - 234
SP  - 992
EP  - 997
AD  - Nero, A. V.: Indoor Envir. Prog., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19872035852.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 10043-92-2.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - buildings
KW  - exposure
KW  - homes
KW  - lung cancer
KW  - lungs
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - radiation
KW  - radon
KW  - North America
KW  - USA
KW  - America
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - atmospheric pollution
KW  - cancers
KW  - radon-222
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biological trace-element measurements using synchrotron radiation.
AU  - Giauque, R. D.
AU  - Jaklevic, J. M.
AU  - Thompson, A. C.
JO  - Biological Trace Element Research
JF  - Biological Trace Element Research
Y1  - 1987///
VL  - 12
SP  - 185
EP  - 198
SN  - 0163-4984
AD  - Giauque, R. D.: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19881403379.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 10 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The feasibility of performing X-ray fluorescence trace element estimations at concentrations substantially below the μg/g level for biological materials is demonstrated. Conditions for achieving optimum sensitivity were ascertained. Results achieved for 5 standard reference materials were, in most cases, in excellent agreement with listed values. Minimum detectable limits of 20 μg/kg were measured for most elements.
KW  - estimation
KW  - reviews
KW  - Trace elements
KW  - microelements
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Murine malaria decreases hemopoietic stem cells.
AU  - Silverman, P. H.
AU  - Schooley, J. C.
AU  - Mahlmann, L. J.
JO  - Blood
JF  - Blood
Y1  - 1987///
VL  - 69
IS  - 2
SP  - 408
EP  - 413
SN  - 0006-4971
AD  - Silverman, P. H.: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Bldg 1/213, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19882055428.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 22 ref. Subject Subsets: Protozoology; Tropical Diseases
N2  - Anaemia and immunosuppression are well-established features of acute malaria. The degree of anaemia is frequently in excess of that attributable to the level of parasitaemia; the reasons are uncertain. Several mechanisms for immunosuppression have been proposed including suppressor cells, failure of macrophages to process antigen and deficiencies in T lymphocytes. Both immune cell lines and erythropoietic cells are derived from common pluripotent stem cells (CFU-S), and the study examined the effect of murine malaria on the production of erythropoietin and the activity of haemopoietic stem cells. Three species of murine malaria parasites were used: Plasmodium vinckei vinckei, P. berghei, and P. chabaudi adami.Plasma erythropoietin levels were normal during early stages of infection and rose towards peak parasitaemia, highest levels being seen in P. berghei infection. Exposure of infected mice, near peak parasitaemia, to hypoxia led to further increases in erythropoietin levels in mice infected with P. vinckei and P. chabaudi but not P. berghei. The authors conclude that the generation of erythropoietin is maximal in acute P. berghei infections and that lack of erythropoietic response in infected mice is not the result of inadequate erythropoietin production. Changes in bone-marrow content were different in the 3 murine malarias. For P. vinckei, a lethal infection in 7-9 days, the cellularity of the femur dropped to 45% of normal, and the stem cell content to 50% of normal. P. berghei initially stimulated stem cell populations even though cellularity of the femur declined, but the numbers of CFU-S declined to 25% of normal at death. In P. chabaudi infections, a decline in cellularity and stem cells at peak parasitaemia had returned to normal levels by day 23. In contrast to the bone-marrow results, in P. chabaudi infections the CFU-S content in the blood and spleen increased during infection and were still elevated on day 23. [As far as I can see, comparable spleen data are not given for the other 2 malarias.]Data from experiments on the uptake of 59Fe by bone marrow and spleen during the course of infection suggest that although there is migration of CFU-S from bone marrow to spleen, there is depressed erythropoietic activity in both bone marrow and spleen, in spite of splenomegaly, and increased cellularity in the spleen.R.S. Phillips<new para>ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT:<new para>Groups of female Balb/c mice infected with Plasmodium vinckei vinckei, P. berghei, or P. chabaudi adami were exposed to 5h of simulated altitude equivalent to 22 000 feet. Plasma samples were collected for erythropoietin (EP) bioassay and RIA. Using radioiron incorporation as an index of erythropoiesis, differences in response to infection with different species of Plasmodium were observed. In general, decreases in erythropoietic activity were observed in bone marrow and spleen as the infection progressed and continued to be depressed after apparent resolution of a nonlethal infection with P. c. adami. Marrow from infected and control femurs were tested for haemopoietic stem cells (CFU-S) using the spleen colony assay. The cellularity and CFU-S content of the femoral marrow decreased as the parasitaemia increased. All 3 species stimulated EP production during peak parasitaemias, indicating that adequate amounts of EP are available to the erythron during malarial infection. Depletion of CFU-S and probable lack of compensatory turnover of CFU-S may contribute to the disease characteristics of malaria.
KW  - Blood
KW  - Laboratory animals
KW  - Malaria
KW  - parasites
KW  - pathology
KW  - mice
KW  - Plasmodium berghei
KW  - Plasmodium chabaudi
KW  - Plasmodium vinckei
KW  - protozoa
KW  - Rodents
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Plasmodium
KW  - Plasmodiidae
KW  - Haemospororida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - depletion of haemopoietic stem cells
KW  - depressed erythropoietic activity
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quantitative determination of vitamin E and oxidized and reduced coenzyme Q by high-performance liquid chromatography with in-line ultraviolet and electrochemical detection.
AU  - Lang, J. K.
AU  - Packer, L.
JO  - Journal of Chromatography
JF  - Journal of Chromatography
Y1  - 1987///
VL  - 385
SP  - 109
EP  - 117
SN  - 0021-9673
AD  - Lang, J. K.: Membrane Bioenergetics Group, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19871492857.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 15 ref. Registry Number: 1406-18-4.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
KW  - estimation
KW  - UBIQUINONES
KW  - Vitamin E
KW  - coenzyme q
KW  - mitoquinones
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19871492857&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Selenium contamination of soil and ground water by agricultural drainage in the Central Valley of California, USA.
AU  - White, A. F.
JO  - Verslagen en Mededelingen, Commissie voor Hydrologisch Onderzoek TNO
JF  - Verslagen en Mededelingen, Commissie voor Hydrologisch Onderzoek TNO
Y1  - 1987///
IS  - 38
SP  - 701
EP  - 707
AD  - White, A. F.: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19891932387.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper; Journal article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 3 ref. Registry Number: 7782-49-2, 7732-18-5.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers; Irrigation & Drainage
N2  - Selenium contamination of surface and groundwater has occurred from leaching of sediments by agricultural drain water. Selenium is found to be mobile under oxidizing conditions encountered in surface water at the Kesterson Reservoir. Selenium is generally immobile under reducing conditions in anoxic bottom muds containing sulfate-reducing bacteria and in the deeper ground water aquifer in which dissolved oxygen is depleted by reaction with iron containing minerals. Local areas of ground water contamination occur in zones of high permeability and in the presence of nitrate. A semiquantitiative relationship exists between aqueous oxidation-reduction potentials and selenium speciation although the mechanisms and kinetics of selenium reduction are not completely understood.
KW  - drainage
KW  - Pollution
KW  - selenium
KW  - soil
KW  - water
KW  - California
KW  - USA
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Hygiene, Netherlands
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Soil Water Management (Irrigation and Drainage) (JJ800) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Soil Water Management]
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Environmental Sciences (General) (ZZ400) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - In vivo body composition studies. Proceedings of an international symposium held at Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York on September 28-October 1, 1986.
A2  - Ellis, K. J.
A2  - Yasumura, S.
A2  - Morgan, W. D.
T2  - In vivo body composition studies. Proceedings of an international symposium held at Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York on September 28-October 1, 1986.
JO  - In vivo body composition studies. Proceedings of an international symposium held at Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York on September 28-October 1, 1986.
JF  - In vivo body composition studies. Proceedings of an international symposium held at Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York on September 28-October 1, 1986.
Y1  - 1987///
SP  - xvii + 476
EP  - xvii + 476
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine
SN  - 0904181502
AD  - Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19890169327.  Publication Type: Conference proceedings.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science; Animal Breeding; Human Nutrition
N2  - The contributions to the proceedings are grouped into the following sections: Lean and fat tissues (18 papers); Water and electrolytes (16 papers); Skeletal tissue (15 papers); Essential and toxic trace elements (13 papers); Recent developments in instrumentation and techniques (12 papers). Most deal with humans, but some papers are concerned with pigs and laboratory mammals.
KW  - Body composition
KW  - USA
KW  - Man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - In Vivo Body Composition Studies
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
KW  - Animal Breeding and Genetics (LL200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Animal Husbandry (General) (LL100) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Laboratory Animal Science (LL040) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - High-density lipoprotein subclass distribution in premature newborns before and after the onset of enteral feeding.
AU  - Genzel-Boroviczény, O.
AU  - D'Harlingue, A. E.
AU  - Kao, L. C.
AU  - Scott, C.
AU  - Forte, T. M.
JO  - Pediatric Research
JF  - Pediatric Research
Y1  - 1988///
VL  - 23
IS  - 6
SP  - 543
EP  - 547
SN  - 0031-3998
AD  - Genzel-Boroviczény, O.: T. M. Forte, Donner Lab., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19880430654.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 30 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Dairy Science
N2  - Changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass distribution were estimated in premature infants (>1000 g birth weight) during early postnatal period. Infants were given a combination of breast milk and formula. Using non-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (gge), cord blood was shown to have predominantly large, less dense (HDL2b)gge and few intermediate-sized (HDL3a)gge particles. Lack of a peak for (HDL3a)gge is characteristic of cord blood, whereas a prominent (HDL3a)gge peak is typical of adult plasma. After the start of enteral feeding, blood was sampled at 6-14 days (sample A) and 17-32 days (sample B) after delivery. Triacylglycerols increased significantly from av. of 34 mg/100 ml in cord blood to 120 mg/100 ml for sample B. Cholesterol levels increased from 86 to 112 mg/100 ml. (HDL2b)gge, (HDL2a2)gge and (HDL3b)gge were redistributed with increasing plasma lipid concn. so that they were detected in sample B at almost equal intensities. A scarcity of (HDL3a)gge particles was found even after onset of enteral feeding, indicating that increases in plasma triacylglycerols and cholesterol per se are not sufficient to induce the adult-like distribution.
KW  - blood
KW  - distribution
KW  - human milk
KW  - Infant feeding
KW  - infant formulae
KW  - infants
KW  - premature infants
KW  - triacylglycerols
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - breast milk
KW  - infant formula
KW  - infant formulas
KW  - triglycerides
KW  - Milk and Dairy Produce (QQ010) 
KW  - Human Nutrition (General) (VV100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19880430654&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Female reproduction and pup survival and growth for mice fed a cadmium-containing purified diet through six consecutive rounds of gestation and lactation.
AU  - Whelton, B. D.
AU  - Bhattacharyya, M. H.
AU  - Carnes, B. A.
AU  - Moretti, E. S.
AU  - Peterson, D. P.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
Y1  - 1988///
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
SP  - 321
EP  - 343
SN  - 0098-4108
AD  - Whelton, B. D.: M.H. Bhattacharyya, Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4833, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19911430830.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 42 ref. Registry Number: 7440-43-9.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Female CF1 mice were bred for 6 consecutive, 42-day cycles of gestation-lactation. Purified diets contained cadmium 0.25, 5.0, or 50.0 mg/kg; at each Cd level, diets were sufficient of deficient in certain vitamins, minerals, and fat. The deficient diet at Cd 5 mg/kg was designed to simulate conditions implicated in the aetiology of itai-itai disease among multiparous women in Japan. Fertility, litter size, pup survival, and pup growth (weaning weight) are reported for mice on the 6 diets during each of the 6 cycles of gestation/lactation. Except for fertility, decreases in reproductive measures that occurred in response to dietary deficiencies or Cd during cycle 1 of reproduction were repeated, unchanged in magnitude, in each successive cycle. For sufficient diet groups, Cd 50 mg/kg had no effect on fertility or pup survival during lactation, but caused a 15% decrease in litter size at birth and a 25% decreased in pup growth. Dietary deficiencies alone decreased all 4 measures of reproductive performance: fertility by 12%, litter size by 30%, pup survival by 18%, and pup growth by 42%. Dietary deficiencies decreased incidence of consecutive pregnancies. combined effects of Cd 50 mg/kg and dietary deficiencies were additive for all reproductive measures except fertility; for fertility, Cd caused no decrease in fertility of sufficient-diet mice, but caused a 45% decrease in deficient-diet mice. Relating results to humans, women who contracted itai-itai disease (analogous to mice on the deficient, Cd 5 mg/kg diet), in addition to their characteristic bone disease, could have experienced decreases in fertility and in growth of their offspring related to their dietary deficiencies. Their diet-related decreases in fertility could have been enhanced by their combined exposure to Cd.
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - reproduction
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19911430830&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Using immersion test data to screen chemical protective clothing.
AU  - Stampfer, J. F.
AU  - Beckman, R. J.
AU  - Berardinelli, S. P.
JO  - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
JF  - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
Y1  - 1988///
VL  - 49
IS  - 11
SP  - 579
EP  - 583
SN  - 0002-8894
AD  - Stampfer, J. F.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19900597069.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 11 ref. Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology; Weeds; Agricultural Entomology
N2  - A test to screen chemical protective materials in order to select potential candidates for further testing was examined. The method involved determining the weight and volume changes in materials caused by immersion in the challenge chemical. Simple regression analysis showed that relatively short breakthrough times based on weight change and final thickness could be predicted with 90% confidence. Better results were obtained when discriminant analysis was used to classify breakthrough times greater than either 4 or 8 h as a function of the weight change and final thickness. In 6% or less of the cases, actual breakthrough times were less than 4 or 8 h when the predicted times were greater than these values. Discriminant analysis also was used to classify permeation rates as less than either 90 or 400 mg/m²-min based on weight change and initial thickness. In this case, actual permeation rates less than these were predicted to be greater in 4% and 7% of the cases, respectively.
KW  - agricultural entomology
KW  - Application
KW  - chemicals
KW  - Clothing
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Penetration
KW  - permeability
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Protective clothing
KW  - screening
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Techniques
KW  - apparel
KW  - clothes
KW  - methods
KW  - screening tests
KW  - statistical methods
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs (General) (HH400) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Health Services (UU350) 
KW  - Pest and Weed Control Equipment (NN430) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Measurement of femtogram quantities of trace elements using an X-ray microprobe.
AU  - Giauque, R. D.
AU  - Thompson, A. C.
AU  - Underwood, J. H.
AU  - Wu, Y.
AU  - Jones, K. W.
AU  - Rivers, M. L.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 1988///
VL  - 60
IS  - 9
SP  - 855
EP  - 858
AD  - Giauque, R. D.: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19891410360.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 9 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Femtogram quantities of trace elements in biological materials were measured with an X-ray microprobe. The microprobe uses a pair of concave spherical mirrors which were coated with tungsten-carbon multilayers. Arranged in the Kirkpatrick-Baez geometry, the mirrors produce a focused and quasi-monochromated beam from the synchrotron white radiation beam. The beam spot size is less than 10 × 10 μm and the monochromated beam has a band-pass of 1 keV at 10 keV. Minimum detectable limits achieved varied from 3 to 70 fg for the elements zinc (Z = 30) to potassium (Z = 19).
KW  - estimation
KW  - Trace elements
KW  - microelements
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Precursor-product relationships of poly(γ-glutamylcysteinyl)glycine biosynthesis in Datura innoxia.
AU  - Berger, J. M.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
AU  - Robinson, N. J.
AU  - Lujan, L. D.
AU  - Delhaize, E.
JO  - Plant Cell Reports
JF  - Plant Cell Reports
Y1  - 1989///
VL  - 7
IS  - 8
SP  - 632
EP  - 635
SN  - 0721-7714
AD  - Berger, J. M.: Genetics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19890392523.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 17 ref. Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - Suspension cultures of D. innoxia [D. fastuosa] cells were pulse-labelled with [35S]cysteine, then exposed to Cd to determine whether there is a direct precursor-product relationship amongst the different forms of the Cd-induced polypeptides, poly(γ-glutamylcysteinyl)glycines [(γEC)nG, n=2 to 5]. Degradation of the polypeptides and possible regeneration of the [35S]-labelled glutathione and cysteine pools were also examined. After 2 h of exposure to [35S]cysteine, about 70% of the [35S]cysteine in the soluble fraction of the cell was incorporated into [35S]glutathione before exposure of the cells to Cd. One h after Cd exposure, most of the cellular [35S]glutathione was depleted and the label was incorporated into (γEC)nG. Analysis of [35S](γEC)nG by reverse phase HPLC showed no direct precursor-product relationship between the synthesis of the shorter and longer chain forms. However, the rate of synthesis of the different polypeptides was linear for 32 h after Cd exposure. There was no evidence of degradation of [35S](γEC)nG nor was it excreted into the medium within this period. From these results it is suggested that in the presence of Cd, a large pool of (γEC)nG is unavailable for elongation to (γEC)n+1G.
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - biosynthesis
KW  - Biotechnology
KW  - Cell culture
KW  - Dye plants
KW  - Medicinal plants
KW  - Peptides
KW  - tissue culture
KW  - Datura metel
KW  - plants
KW  - Datura
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Solanales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Datura fastuosa
KW  - drug plants
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - in vitro Culture of Plant Material (FF170) 
KW  - Plant Composition (FF040) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human exposures to chemicals through food chains: an uncertainty analysis.
AU  - McKone, T. E.
AU  - Ryan, P. B.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 1989///
VL  - 23
IS  - 9
SP  - 1154
EP  - 1163
SN  - 0013-936X
AD  - McKone, T. E.: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5507, L-453, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19911438749.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Pathway exposure factors are used in models to convert environmental chemical concentrations to human exposures for the air/plant/food, and soil/plant/food, ingestion pathways. Input data are presented as probability distributions, which are used to construct output probability distributions for child and adult exposures to arsenic and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Analysis reveals that the mean value of exposure distributions can be underestimated by using only mean or median values of input parameters without information on their distribution and variance. Much of the overall uncertainty in exposure is attributable to uncertainty in biotransfer factors and the uncertainties in input data limit the precision of exposure predictions to a 90% confidence range of roughly 2 orders of magnitude.
KW  - chemicals
KW  - Food chains
KW  - Man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19911438749&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tumor necrosis factor alpha and the anemia associated with murine malaria.
AU  - Miller, K. L.
AU  - Silverman, P. H.
AU  - Kullgren, B.
AU  - Mahlmann, L. J.
JO  - Infection and Immunity
JF  - Infection and Immunity
Y1  - 1989///
VL  - 57
IS  - 5
SP  - 1542
EP  - 1546
SN  - 0019-9567
AD  - Miller, K. L.: Div. Cell Molec. Biol., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19890857339.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 36 ref. Registry Number: 308079-78-9.  Subject Subsets: Protozoology
N2  - Erythropoiesis in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei and in mice infused with recombinant tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) via implanted osmotic pumps were examined. In both groups of mice there was a reduction of pluripotent stem cells in the bone marrow and a concomitant increase in the spleen, a reduction of erythroid progenitor cells, and a reduced incorporation of 59Fe into erythrocytes. When P. berghei-infected mice were given antiserum against recombinant murine TNF, erythropoiesis was partially restored. There was a significant increase in bone marrow stem cells, erythroid progenitor cells, and 59Fe incorporation into erythrocytes in P. berghei-infected mice that had been treated with anti-TNF. The mechanism of action of TNF in the inhibition of erythropoiesis has not been determined. These results demonstrate that TNF mediates, in part, the anaemia associated with malaria.<new para>ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT:<new para>From experiments on BALB/c mice, either infected with Plasmodium berghei or infused with rTNF-α through implanted osmotic pumps, the authors conclude that TNF may play a role in the anaemia of malaria through its ability to inhibit erythropoiesis.Carolyn A. Brown.
KW  - Disease models
KW  - erythropoiesis
KW  - haematology
KW  - Human diseases
KW  - inhibition
KW  - Laboratory animals
KW  - parasites
KW  - tumour necrosis factor
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - mice
KW  - Plasmodium berghei
KW  - protozoa
KW  - Rodents
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - Plasmodium
KW  - Plasmodiidae
KW  - Haemospororida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - cachectin
KW  - cachexin
KW  - hematology
KW  - tumor necrosis factor
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Human Health and Hygiene (General) (VV000) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Human Health and Hygiene (General)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - In vivo cytogenetic effects of cooked food mutagens.
AU  - Tucker, J. D.
AU  - Carrano, A. V.
AU  - Allen, N. A.
AU  - Christensen, M. L.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Strout, C. L.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology Testing
JF  - Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology Testing
Y1  - 1989///
VL  - 224
IS  - 1
SP  - 105
EP  - 113
SN  - 0165-1218
AD  - Tucker, J. D.: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 5507, L-452, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19901420394.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 26 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Using a variety of in vivo cytogenic endpoints, the effects of several compounds formed during the cooking of meat were studied. C57B1/6 mice were used to test for an increase in the frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE), chromosomal aberrations and micronucleated erythrocytes by 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). MeIQx and DiMeIQx did not induce SCE in mouse bone marrow cells. PhIP induced sister-chromatid exchanges, but not chromosomal aberrations, in bone marrow. In peripheral blood lymphocytes, PhIP did induce aberrations at 100 mg/kg, the highest dose tested. PhIP induced a low but significantly increased frequency of micronuclei in normochromatic but not polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow and peripheral blood, but dose responses were not observed. With the exception of the SCE induced by PhIP, the results contrast with observations made in vitro, where these compounds had significant genotoxicity in mammalian cells and a very high mutation frequency in prokaryotic systems.
KW  - cooking
KW  - Foods
KW  - mutagens
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Food Science and Food Products (Human) (QQ000) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Neutron activation analysis in assessment of body composition.
AU  - Cohn, S. H.
A2  - Whitehead, R. G.
A2  - Prentice, A.
JO  - Bristol-Myers Nutrition Symposia
JF  - Bristol-Myers Nutrition Symposia
Y1  - 1990///
VL  - 9
SP  - 261
EP  - 279
CY  - San Diego; USA
PB  - Academic Press, Inc.
AD  - Cohn, S. H.: Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19921443461.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 33 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Current knowledge of in vivo neutron activation analysis and techniques used in the analysis are reviewed. Some physiological applications of the method are measurement of total body calcium and measurement of soft tissue. Clinical applications include the measurement of the effects of aging, diet and cancer on body composition. New techniques and their validation are examined and future prospects for neutron activation are discussed.
KW  - Body composition
KW  - estimation
KW  - neutron activation analysis
KW  - reviews
KW  - Man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Reversible accumulation of plant suspension cell cultures in G1 phase and subsequent synchronous traverse of the cell cycle.
AU  - Conia, J.
AU  - Alexander, R. G.
AU  - Wilder, M. E.
AU  - Richards, K. R.
AU  - Rice, M. E.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
JO  - Plant Physiology
JF  - Plant Physiology
Y1  - 1990///
VL  - 94
IS  - 4
SP  - 1568
EP  - 1574
SN  - 0032-0889
AD  - Conia, J.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Genetics Group, Life Sciences Division LS3, Mail Stop M886, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19910304709.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 30 ref. Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science; Agricultural Biotechnology; Crop Physiology
N2  - The induction of DNA synthesis in Datura innoxia [D. fastuosa] cell cultures was determined by flow cytometry. A large fraction of the total population of cells traversed the cell cycle in synchrony when exposed to fresh medium. One hour after transfer to fresh medium, 37% of the cells were found in the process of DNA synthesis. After 24 h of culture, 66% of the cells had accumulated in G2 phase, and underwent cell division simultaneously. Only 10% of the cells remained in G0 or G1. Transfer of cells into a medium, 80% (v/v) of which was conditioned by a sister culture for 2 days, was adequate to inhibit this simultaneous traverse of the cell cycle. A large proportion of dividing cells could be arrested at the G0 + G1/S boundary by exposure to 10 mM hydroxyurea (HU) for 12 to 24 h. Inhibition of DNA synthesis by HU was reversible, and when resuspended into fresh culture medium, synchronized cells resumed the cell cycle. Consequently, a large fraction of the cell population could be obtained in the G2 phase. However, reversal of G1 arrested cells was not complete and a fraction of cells did not initiate DNA synthesis. Seventy-four percent of the cell simultaneously reached 4C DNA content whereas the frequency of cells which remained in G0 + G1 phase was approximately 17%. Incorporation of radioactive precursors into DNA and proteins identified a population of nondividing cells which represents the fraction of cells in G0. The frequency of cells entering G0 was 11% at each generation. The results indicate that almost 100% of the population of dividing cells synchronously traversed the cell cycle following suspension in fresh medium.
KW  - Biotechnology
KW  - cell culture
KW  - Cell division
KW  - cells
KW  - cytology
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - Dye plants
KW  - in vitro culture
KW  - Medicinal plants
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - nucleic acids
KW  - Tissue culture
KW  - Datura metel
KW  - plants
KW  - Datura
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Solanales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Datura fastuosa
KW  - drug plants
KW  - karyokinesis
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - in vitro Culture of Plant Material (FF170) 
KW  - Plant Composition (FF040) 
KW  - Plant Breeding and Genetics (FF020) 
KW  - Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (FF060) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Measurement of boron concentration and isotope ratios in biological samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with direct injection nebulization.
AU  - Smith, F. G.
AU  - Wiederin, D. R.
AU  - Houk, R. S.
AU  - Egan, C. B.
AU  - Serfass, R. E.
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 1991///
VL  - 248
IS  - 3
SP  - 229
EP  - 234
SN  - 0003-2670
AD  - Smith, F. G.: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19921441994.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 22 ref. Registry Number: 7440-42-8.  Subject Subsets: Animal Nutrition; Human Nutrition
N2  - A method for the determination of boron in a variety of biological samples is described. Human plasma, human serum, orchard leaves and total diet were fused with sodium carbonate and boron and separated from matrix components by using Amberlite IRA-743 boron selective ion-exchange resin. Boron was eluted with 1% HNO3 and introduced to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer with a direct injection nebulizer. This nebulizer provided a fast sample cleanout of about 15 s. The 10B/11B ratio is determined with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.4-1.5%, and the detection limit for boron is about 1 ng/g in these samples. Stable isotope dilution methodology for quantitation of boron showed that: fusion of sample with sodium carbonate avoided volatilization of boron from samples; about 80% of submicrogram amounts of boron from samples were recovered from the resin with insignificant isotopic fractionation; results for biological reference materials were in agreement with certified values; and the boron concentration of pooled human blood plasma was 24±4 µg/litre (95% confidence interval).
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - blood
KW  - Boron
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Immunochemical techniques in trace residue analysis.
AU  - Vanderlaan, M.
AU  - Stanker, L.
AU  - Watkins, B.
JO  - ACS Symposium Series
JF  - ACS Symposium Series
Y1  - 1991///
IS  - 451
SP  - 2
EP  - 13
SN  - 0841219052
AD  - Vanderlaan, M.: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 5507, L-452, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19912314133.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper; Journal article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 17 ref. Subject Subsets: Weeds; Human Nutrition; Plant Pathology; Agricultural Entomology; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - The concepts underlying the analysis of trace levels of potentially harmful compounds (e.g. pesticide residues, mycotoxins and industrial chemicals) by immunoassays are outlined. Coverage includes reasons for choosing immunoassays for analysing residues, the production of antibodies, the principles of enzyme immunoassay (including a detailed section on ELISA) and assay validation.
KW  - agricultural entomology
KW  - analysis
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - ELISA
KW  - estimation
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - immunoassay
KW  - Immunological techniques
KW  - Insecticide residues
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - mycotoxins
KW  - Nontarget effects
KW  - pesticide residues
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - plant pathology
KW  - residues
KW  - Techniques
KW  - toxins
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - fungal toxins
KW  - International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies
KW  - phytopathology
KW  - serological techniques
KW  - weedicides
KW  - weedkillers
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs (General) (HH400) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Weeds and Noxious Plants (FF500) 
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Pests, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Plants (FF600) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Food Science and Food Products (Human) (QQ000) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Immunoassays for trace chemical analysis.
A2  - Vanderlaan, M.
A2  - Stanker, L. H.
A2  - Watkins, B. E.
A2  - Roberts, D. W.
T2  - ACS Symposium Series
JO  - ACS Symposium Series
JF  - ACS Symposium Series
Y1  - 1991///
IS  - 451
SP  - x + 374
EP  - x + 374
SN  - 0841219052
AD  - Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 5507, L-452, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19912314131.  Publication Type: Conference proceedings.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Weeds; Human Nutrition; Nematology; Agricultural Entomology; Agricultural Biotechnology; Dairy Science
N2  - This publication collates 30 scientific papers that were presented at a conference, sponsored by the International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies, in Honolulu on 17-22 Dec. 1989. Various aspects of immunoassays for chemical residues in foods and the environment, for natural toxins and for monitoring human exposure to toxic chemicals (11, 5 and 14 papers, resp.) are discussed. Lists of references pertaining to environmental monitoring, mycotoxin analysis and DNA-adduction/protein-adduct immunoassays are presented, in addition to those cited at the ends of each paper.
KW  - agricultural entomology
KW  - analysis
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - Cows
KW  - environment
KW  - estimation
KW  - food contamination
KW  - foods
KW  - Herbicide residues
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - immunoassay
KW  - Immunological techniques
KW  - Insecticide residues
KW  - Insecticides
KW  - nematicides
KW  - nematology
KW  - Nontarget effects
KW  - Pesticide residues
KW  - pesticides
KW  - plant nematology
KW  - residues
KW  - Techniques
KW  - toxicology
KW  - Hawaii
KW  - USA
KW  - cattle
KW  - man
KW  - Bos
KW  - Bovidae
KW  - ruminants
KW  - Artiodactyla
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - Polynesia
KW  - Oceania
KW  - Pacific Islands
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - food contaminants
KW  - International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies
KW  - serological techniques
KW  - United States of America
KW  - weedicides
KW  - weedkillers
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs (General) (HH400) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Pests, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Plants (FF600) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Weeds and Noxious Plants (FF500) 
KW  - Pathogen, Pest, Parasite and Weed Management (General) (HH000) 
KW  - Food Science and Food Products (Human) (QQ000) 
KW  - Milk and Dairy Produce (QQ010) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Humic substance formation during wastewater filtration.
AU  - Siegrist, R. L.
AU  - Smed-Hildmann, R.
AU  - Filip, Z. K.
AU  - Jenssen, P. D.
T2  - On-site wastewater treatment Volume 6: Proceedings of the Sixth National Symposium on Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems, 16-17 December 1991, Chicago, Illinois.
JO  - On-site wastewater treatment Volume 6: Proceedings of the Sixth National Symposium on Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems, 16-17 December 1991, Chicago, Illinois.
JF  - On-site wastewater treatment Volume 6: Proceedings of the Sixth National Symposium on Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems, 16-17 December 1991, Chicago, Illinois.
Y1  - 1991///
SP  - 223
EP  - 232
CY  - St Joseph; USA
PB  - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE)
SN  - 0929355229
AD  - Siegrist, R. L.: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19941903300.  Publication Type: Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 11 ref. Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Soil infiltration of waste water effluents is a widely used method of treatment and disposal/reuse. A laboratory study was conducted with column lysimeters to determine if humic substance could form under conditions typical of those present during waste water infiltration into natural soil systems. Two soils, sand and silt loam, were used. The soil columns were either unloaded or loaded with tapwater, or septic tank effluent. Monitoring included observations of infiltration capacity and purification efficiency during operation and the changes in soil properties as a result of 60 days of waste water infiltration. It was concluded that humic substances could form in sandy soils during waste water infiltration and that humins were the dominant form. A similar effects was not observed in silt loam soils, due partly to the high initial concentration of these substances in the natural soil and to the short 60-day observation period.
KW  - formation
KW  - humus
KW  - infiltration
KW  - soil types
KW  - wastewater
KW  - waste water
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
KW  - Soil Morphology, Formation and Classification (JJ400) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemical analysis, prevention, and low-level dosimetry of heterocyclic amines from cooked food.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Roper, M.
AU  - Fultz, E.
AU  - Shen, N. H.
AU  - Turltetaub, K. W.
JO  - Cancer Research (Baltimore)
JF  - Cancer Research (Baltimore)
Y1  - 1992///
VL  - 52
SP  - 2103S
EP  - 2107S
SN  - 0008-5472
AD  - Felton, J. S.: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, CA, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19921447473.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper; Journal article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 37 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The 1st part of this paper reviews the potent mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines that are produced from heated food derived from muscle. These compounds are present at part-per-billon levels, and consist primarily of the amino-imidazoazarene class of chemicals. Additional mutagens present in the meat are not as clearly characterized. Commercial fried-beef patties (hamburgers) have low levels of 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (4,8-DiMeIQx), 0.1-0.68 ng/g meat for MeIQx and slightly lower for 4,8-DiMeIQx. The formation of these heterocyclic amines can be reduced by microwave pretreatment of meat, with the resulting liquid being poured off before frying. Experiments at the authors' laboratory indicated that the Ames/Salmonella mutagenic activity was reduced to 5-10% of that of non-microwave-treated samples. MeIQx and DiMeIQx concentrations were reduced to 12 and 50% of levels in the non-microwave-treated samples, respectively. MeIQx adducts, as measured by accelerator mass spectrometry, were found to be linear with doses from 5 mg/kg to 500 ng/kg. Linear DNA binding at low doses is important for assuming linear risk estimation from the high animal-feeding doses causing cancer to the low human-dietary exposures. Extrapolating from the rodent TD50 dose to humans gives a maximum credible risk from consumption of heterocyclic amines of approximately 1/1000 exposed individuals.
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - foods
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - reviews
KW  - USA
KW  - Man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - Nutrition and cancer
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Food Science and Food Products (Human) (QQ000) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Human Nutrition (General) (VV100) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fate and distribution of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine in mice at a human dietary equivalent dose.
AU  - Turteltaub, K. W.
AU  - Vogel, J. S.
AU  - Frantz, C. E.
AU  - Shen, N.
JO  - Cancer Research (Baltimore)
JF  - Cancer Research (Baltimore)
Y1  - 1992///
VL  - 52
IS  - 17
SP  - 4682
EP  - 4687
SN  - 0008-5472
AD  - Turteltaub, K. W.: Biomedical Sciences Division, L-452, PO Box 5507, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19931460189.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 37 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazole[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is a heterocyclic amine rodent carcinogen that is found in cooked meat. The bioavailability and fate of this heterocyclic amine at a human dietary equivalent dose was assessed using the high sensitivity offered by accelerator mass spectrometry. [2-14C] PhIP was administered to male mice (41 ng/kg) by gavage. Tissues and excreta were collected over the subsequent 96 h. 100% of the administered dose was excreted in urine (90%) and faeces (10%) during the study. Absorption of the radiocarbon-tagged PhIP from the gastrointestinal tract was rapid, with radiocarbon values peaking in whole blood and urine within 1 h of exposure. Faecal 14C values peaked at 12 h. Tissue values peaked at 3 h with highest concentration of radiolabel in the intestine, stomach and liver, followed by the kidney, pancreas, lung and spleen. Low concentrations of 14C from PhIP could be detected in the tissues 48-96 h after exposure, possibly due to covalent binding to protein or DNA. The calculated half-life of PhIP at this concentration was 1.14 h.
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Cooking
KW  - Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - Meat
KW  - metabolism
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Detection of copper in isolated plant [Datura innoxia [D. fastuosa]] cells by resonance ionization mass spectrometry.
AU  - Nogar, N. S.
AU  - Estler, R. C.
AU  - Cobia, J.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
JF  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
Y1  - 1992///
VL  - 64
IS  - 23
SP  - 2972
EP  - 2976
SN  - 0003-2700
AD  - Nogar, N. S.: Chemical and Laser Sciences Division, MS J565, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 875454, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19940303796.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 33 ref. Registry Number: 7440-50-8.  Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science
KW  - Copper
KW  - Determination
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Medicinal plants
KW  - Plant composition
KW  - Datura metel
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Datura
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Solanales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chemical constituents of plants
KW  - Datura fastuosa
KW  - drug plants
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - Plant Composition (FF040) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rapid whole-blood cholinesterase assay with potential use for biological monitoring during chemical weapons disposal.
AU  - Halbrook, R. S.
AU  - Guzman, C. E.
AU  - Wilkinson, K. J.
AU  - Watson, A. P.
AU  - Munro, N. B.
AU  - Shugart, L. R.
JO  - Journal of AOAC International
JF  - Journal of AOAC International
Y1  - 1992///
VL  - 75
IS  - 3
SP  - 549
EP  - 553
SN  - 1060-3271
AD  - Halbrook, R. S.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division and Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19940501697.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 11 ref. Registry Number: 9001-08-5.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology; Agricultural Entomology
N2  - A protocol to determine whole-blood ChE activity using an automated high-speed centrifugal analyser was developed. Throughput rate was increased 10-fold (from 6 to 60 samples/h) and precision, as measured by a reduction in intra-aliquot variation, was significantly improved (from 4.7 to 3.0%) by using the automated system. Similar ChE activity was determined for samples analysed by both the automated and manual protocols, and interlaboratory comparison indicated no change in accuracy. The lower limit of detection was 0.10 µmol/ml/min. This methodology is useful in emergency situations such as suspected accidental mass organophosphate pesticide poisoning in livestock and wild animals that requires rapid screening.
KW  - agricultural entomology
KW  - Analytical methods
KW  - Assays
KW  - blood
KW  - cholinesterase
KW  - Enzyme activity
KW  - Insecticide residues
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - nontarget effects
KW  - organophosphorus pesticides
KW  - Pesticide residues
KW  - pesticides
KW  - poisoning
KW  - techniques
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - butyrylcholine esterase
KW  - methods
KW  - surveillance systems
KW  - toxicosis
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Animal Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (LL900) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chromatographic methods for the analysis of heterocyclic amine food mutagens/carcinogens.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Journal of Chromatography
JF  - Journal of Chromatography
Y1  - 1992///
VL  - 624
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 253
EP  - 265
SN  - 0021-9673
AD  - Knize, M. G.: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19941407404.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 28 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Chromatographic analysis of heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, proven to be mutagenic and carcinogenic, in foods is reviewed.
KW  - amines
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - chromatography
KW  - estimation
KW  - foods
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - mutagens
KW  - reviews
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Human Nutrition (General) (VV100) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structural analysis of an outer surface protein from the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy.
AU  - Lee France, L.
AU  - Kieleczawa, J.
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - Hind, G.
AU  - Sutherland, J. C.
JO  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology
JF  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology
Y1  - 1992///
VL  - 1120
IS  - 1
SP  - 59
EP  - 68
SN  - 0167-4838
AD  - Lee France, L.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19950507306.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 34 ref.
N2  - A major antigen of B. burgdorferi is a 31 kDa lipoprotein called outer surface protein A (OspA). Recently, a truncated form of OspA (lacking 17 amino acids at the N-terminus) was cloned, expressed and purified in large quantities. The truncated protein (OspA-257) is water soluble, retains the ability to bind antibodies from the sera of Lyme disease patients and may prove useful in development of a vaccine against Lyme disease. In this study, far UV circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to characterize the secondary structure of OspA-257. CD spectra from 260-178 nm predict 5 classes of secondary structure: α-helix (11%), anti-parallel β-sheet (32%), parallel β-sheet (10%), β-turns (18%) and aperiodic structures (including 'random coil') (30%).. Analysis of the primary sequence of OspA yielded the most likely sites for α-helical regions (residues 100-107, 121-134, 253-273) and for antigenic determinants (Lys-46, Asp-82, Lys-231). CD spectra of the native protein show little change from pH 3 to 11. Thermal denaturation curves, indicate that 'salt bridges' play a role in stabilizing the native protein. Both thermal and chemical denaturations which eliminate all secondary structure as judged by CD or fluorescence are reversible. Denaturation by guanidine-HCl (gdn-HCl) appears to be a cooperative 2-stage transition, as indicated by a sudden change in the CD spectrum at ~0.75 M gdn-HCl, and an isodichroic point at 208 nm in all CD spectra measured from 0.0-1.75 M gdn-HCl.
KW  - amino acid sequences
KW  - antigens
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - molecular conformation
KW  - proteins
KW  - structure
KW  - Borrelia burgdorferi
KW  - Borrelia
KW  - Spirochaetaceae
KW  - Spirochaetales
KW  - Spirochaetes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - bacterium
KW  - immunogens
KW  - ospA
KW  - outer surface proteins
KW  - protein sequences
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Assimilating HIV sequences.
AU  - Myers, G.
AU  - Gao, F.\Yue, L.\Sharp, P. M.\Hahn, B. H.\Orloff, G. M.\Kalish, M. L.\Chiphangwi, J.
T2  - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
JO  - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
JF  - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
Y1  - 1993///
VL  - 9
IS  - 7
SP  - 697
EP  - 702
SN  - 0889-2229
AD  - Myers, G.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19932004621.  Publication Type: Editorial.  Language: English. 
KW  - DNA sequencing
KW  - genomes
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Molecular biology
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 2
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
KW  - HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 2
KW  - nucleotide sequence analysis
KW  - nucleotide sequencing
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact on indoor air quality during burning of Pakistani coal briquettes.
AU  - Gammage, R. B.
AU  - Wachter, E. A.
AU  - et al.
AU  - Wade, J. (
JO  - Environment International
JF  - Environment International
Y1  - 1993///
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
SP  - 133
EP  - 145
SN  - 0160-4120
AD  - Gammage, R. B.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6383, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19932021881.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Tropical Diseases
N2  - The results indicate that substitution of coal briquettes for traditional fuels such as firewood or dung does not worsen the quality of indoor air with respect to CO, SO2, NOx and respirable-sized particles, and has a favourable economic (and possibly environmental) impact. Problems occur when the briquettes are ignited and it is recommended that this operation be done outdoors and that the stove be carried indoors after initial smoke emissions subside. (High SO2 concentrations are emitted because of the high S content of Pakistani coal.) [How practical and acceptable this procedure would be to users is not explored.] D.W. FitzSimons
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - buildings
KW  - Asia
KW  - Pakistan
KW  - Commonwealth of Nations
KW  - Developing Countries
KW  - South Asia
KW  - Asia
KW  - atmospheric pollution
KW  - coal briquettes emission
KW  - Human Health and Hygiene (General) (VV000) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Human Health and Hygiene (General)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Anaerobic bioconversion of municipal solid wastes using a novel high-solids reactor design. Maximum organic loading rate and comparison with low-solids reactor systems.
AU  - Rivard, C. J.
JO  - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
JF  - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Y1  - 1993///
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
SP  - 71
EP  - 82
SN  - 0273-2289
AD  - Rivard, C. J.: Applied Biological Sciences Branch, Alternative Fuels Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Goldon, CO 80401, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19941301276.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 34 ref. Subject Subsets: Biofuels; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - Novel, laboratory-scale, high-solids reactors operated under mesophilic conditions were used to study the anaerobic fermentation of processed municipal solid waste (MSW) to methane. Product gas rate data were determined for organic loading rates ranging from 2.99-18.46 g of volatile solids (VS)/litre per d. The data represent the anaerobic fermentation at high-solids levels within the reactor of 21-32%, while feeding a refuse-derived fuel (RDF)/MSW feedstock supplemented with a vitamin/mineral/nutrient solution. The average biogas yield was 0.59 litre biogas/g VS added to the reactor system/d. The average methane composition of the biogas produced was 57.2%. The data indicate a linear relationship of increasing total biogas production with increasing organic loading rate to the process. The max. organic loading rate obtainable with high-solids anaerobic digestion is in the range of 18-20 g VS/litre per d to obtain 80% or greater bioconversion for the RDF/MSW feedstock. This loading rate is approximately 4-6 times greater than that which can be obtained with comparable low-solids anaerobic bioreactor technology.
KW  - anaerobic digestion
KW  - biological treatment
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - methane production
KW  - refuse
KW  - municipal wastes
KW  - trash
KW  - Energy (PP100) 
KW  - Waste Conversion and Utilization (XX600) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Waste Handling and Treatment Equipment (NN700) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - In vivo animal models of body composition in aging.
AU  - Yasumura, S.
AU  - Jones, K.
AU  - Spanne, P.
AU  - Schidlovsky, G.
AU  - Wielopolski, L.
AU  - Ren, X.
AU  - Glaros, D.
AU  - Xatzikonstantinou, Y.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 1993///
VL  - 123
IS  - 2/2
SP  - 459
EP  - 464
SN  - 0022-3166
AD  - Yasumura, S.: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19931464493.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 12 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Several techniques were developed that provide data on body elemental composition from measurements in vivo in rats. These methods include total body potassium by whole-body counting of endogenous 40K; total body calcium (TBCa), sodium and chloride by in vivo neutron activation analysis and total body phosphorus (TBP) and nitrogen (TBN) by photon activation analysis. These elements provide information on total body fat, total body protein and skeletal mass. Measurements were made in 6-, 12- and 24-month-old rats. TBN increased slightly between 6 and 12 months but was significantly lower by 24 months, indicating a substantial loss in total body protein. Working at the National Synchrotron Light Source, the authors studied rat femurs by computed microtomography (CMT), and the elemental profile of the femur cortex by synchrotron-radiation induced X-ray emission (SRIXE). Although there were no significant changes in TBCa and TBP, indices of skeletal mass, CMT revealed an increase in the size and number of cavities in the endosteal region of the femur cortex with increasing age. The SRIXE analysis of this cortical bone revealed a parallel decrease in the endosteal Ca:P ratio. Thus, there are major alterations in bone morphology and regional elemental composition despite only modest changes in total skeletal mass.
KW  - aging
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - animal models
KW  - Body composition
KW  - reviews
KW  - ageing
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19931464493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence for an α-helical epitope on outer surface protein A from the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi: an application of steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence quenching techniques.
AU  - France, L. L.
AU  - Kieleczawa, J.
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - Luft, B. J.
AU  - Hind, G.
AU  - Sutherland, J. C.
JO  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology
JF  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology
Y1  - 1993///
VL  - 1202
IS  - 2
SP  - 287
EP  - 296
SN  - 0167-4838
AD  - France, L. L.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19960500221.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref. Registry Number: 73-22-3. 
N2  - Outer surface protein A (OspA) is a major antigen of B. burgdorferi. A recombinant form of OspA (OspA-257) from B. burgdorferi, strain B31, contains 257 amino acids and a single tryptophan residue at position 216 (Trp-216). Mapping studies indicate that Trp-216 is involved in the epitope for the agglutinating monoclonal antibody 105.5. However, the fluorescence emission maximum of the native protein is 330 nm, indicating that Trp-216 is not solvent-exposed. Primary structure analysis suggests an α-helical conformation for residues approx. 204-217, which, if located on the protein surface, would allow Trp-216 to be buried, while leaving residues on the opposite side of the helix exposed. This helix would place Lys-212 within approx. 6 Å of Trp-216; the presence of such a positively-charged residue can, in principle, be ascertained from fluorescence quenching studies. Stern-Volmer plots confirm that Trp-216 is indeed buried in the native protein, but is readily accessible to the small polar quencher, acrylamide. Furthermore, the dominant component of the fluorescence emission shows only weak dynamic quenching by the positively-charged quencher, Cs+, while the minor component undergoes static quenching by I-, indicating the proximity of a positively-charged residue. These data are consistent with the existence of an α-helix from residues 204-217 in the predicted orientation at the protein surface, hence indicating the structure of the antigenic determinant.
KW  - antigens
KW  - epitopes
KW  - fluorescence
KW  - molecular conformation
KW  - proteins
KW  - tryptophan
KW  - Borrelia burgdorferi
KW  - Borrelia
KW  - Spirochaetaceae
KW  - Spirochaetales
KW  - Spirochaetes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - antigenic determinants
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - bacterium
KW  - immunogens
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Biochemical and biophysical characterization of the major outer surface protein from North American and European isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi.
AU  - McGrath, B. C.
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - France, L. L.
AU  - Wei Jaing
AU  - Dykhuizen, D.
AU  - Polin, D.
AU  - Gorgone, G.
AU  - Luft, B.
A2  - Ginsberg, H.S.
A2  - Brown, F.
A2  - Chanock, R.M.
A2  - Lerner, R.A.
T2  - Vaccines 93: modern approaches to new vaccines including prevention of AIDS.
JO  - Vaccines 93: modern approaches to new vaccines including prevention of AIDS.
JF  - Vaccines 93: modern approaches to new vaccines including prevention of AIDS.
Y1  - 1993///
SP  - 365
EP  - 370
CY  - Plainview, NY; USA
PB  - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
SN  - 0879693835
AD  - McGrath, B. C.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19950506753.  Publication Type: Miscellaneous.  Language: English.  Number of References: 9 ref.
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - clones
KW  - gene expression
KW  - proteins
KW  - Borrelia burgdorferi
KW  - Borrelia
KW  - Spirochaetaceae
KW  - Spirochaetales
KW  - Spirochaetes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19950506753&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of health risks from a buried mass of diesel fuel before and after bioremediation.
AU  - Rosenblatt, D. H.
AU  - Manning, J. F., Jr.
AU  - Montemagno, C. D.
JO  - Journal of Soil Contamination
JF  - Journal of Soil Contamination
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 27
SN  - 1058-8337
AD  - Rosenblatt, D. H.: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951903540.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 22 ref. Registry Number: 68334-30-5.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - In situ bioremediation was chosen to remove a subsurface plume of diesel fuel that was accidently released from a storage tank in California, USA. Human health risks from the hydrocarbon mass before bioremediation were evaluated. The physical properties of the fuel oil mass were examined. Raoult's law and the aqueous solubilities of the toxic components were used to estimate organic contaminant concn in leachate from the untreated fuel mass. Carcinogenic risks and noncarcinogenic hazard indices were calculated for undiluted leachate. An 80% decrease in hydrocarbon mass and increases in the average molecular weights of the component fractions were assumed to result from the treatment. Sample calculations are provided to show how to evaluate results of analyses for petroleum hydrocarbons after remediation.
KW  - bioremediation
KW  - diesel oil
KW  - organic compounds
KW  - pollution
KW  - public health
KW  - reclamation
KW  - California
KW  - USA
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - organic chemicals
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19951903540&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Methodological considerations for determining cleanup limits for uranium in treated and untreated soils.
AU  - Layton, D. W.
AU  - Armstrong, A. Q.
JO  - Journal of Soil Contamination
JF  - Journal of Soil Contamination
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
SP  - 319
EP  - 348
SN  - 1058-8337
AD  - Layton, D. W.: Health and Ecological Assessment Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951903541.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 53 ref. Registry Number: 7440-61-1.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Uranium-contaminated soils are present at sites across the USA where uranium was processed for nuclear fuels of atomic weapons. The health risks posed by uranium in soils are reviewed with respect to the development of clean-up limits for uranium-contaminated soils are discussed. Alternative land use scenarios (residential, commercial/industrial, agricultural, and recreational) and their associated exposure factors are considered. Factors influencing the magnitude of ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposures to uranium are reviewed. Information that should be considered in the development of health-based criteria for managing the potential health risks of exposures to uranium in soil is discussed. Regulatory limits, groundwater protection, soil treatment techniques (soil washing and selective extraction, soil washing/acid treatment, magnetic separation, electrokinetic migration, biological processes), and compliance monitoring are discussed.
KW  - pollution
KW  - public health
KW  - reclamation
KW  - soil
KW  - uranium
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Soil Morphology, Formation and Classification (JJ400) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19951903541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A new bacteriophage P1-derived vector for the propagation of large human DNA fragments.
AU  - Ioannou, P. A.
AU  - Amemiya, C. T.
AU  - Garnes, J.
AU  - Kroisel, P. M.
AU  - Shizuya, H.
AU  - Chen, C.
AU  - Batzer, M. A.
AU  - Jong, P. J. de
JO  - Nature Genetics
JF  - Nature Genetics
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
SP  - 84
EP  - 89
SN  - 1061-4036
AD  - Ioannou, P. A.: Human Genome Center L-452, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19940104055.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 47 ref. Subject Subsets: Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - A P1 vector (pCYPAC-1) was designed for the introduction of recombinant DNA into Escherichia coli by electroporation. The cloning system, designated P1-derived artificial chromosomes (PAC), was used to establish a 15 000 clone library with an average insert size of 130-150 kb. No chimaerism was found in 34 clones, using in situ hybridization, nor was insert instability observed after extended culturing of 20 clones. It is concluded that the PAC cloning system will be useful in the mapping and analysis of complex genomes.
KW  - bacteriophages
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - electroporation
KW  - recombinant DNA
KW  - vectors
KW  - viruses
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Human Health and Hygiene (General) (VV000) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Human Health and Hygiene (General)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19940104055&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tenth Anniversary perspectives on AIDS. HIV: between past and future.
AU  - Myers, G.
JO  - Aids Research and Human Retroviruses
JF  - Aids Research and Human Retroviruses
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 10
IS  - 11
SP  - 1317
EP  - 1324
SN  - 0889-2229
AD  - Myers, G.: HIV Sequence Database and Analysis Project, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19962000870.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 68 ref.
KW  - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - genomes
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - phylogeny
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - AIDS
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19962000870&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The World Health Organization Global Programme on AIDS proposal for standardization of HIV sequence nomenclature.
AU  - Korber, B. T. M.
AU  - Osmanov, S.
AU  - Esparza, J.
AU  - Myers, G.
JO  - Aids Research and Human Retroviruses
JF  - Aids Research and Human Retroviruses
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 10
IS  - 11
SP  - 1355
EP  - 1358
SN  - 0889-2229
AD  - Korber, B. T. M.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (TIO) Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19962000874.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Corporate Author: WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization Language: English.  Number of References: 9 ref.
KW  - genomes
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - phylogeny
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19962000874&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Isolation and characterization of mouse Xrcc-1, a DNA repair gene affecting ligation.
AU  - Brookman, K. W.
AU  - Tebbs, R. S.
AU  - Allen, S. A.
AU  - Tucker, J. D.
AU  - Swiger, R. R.
AU  - Lamerdin, J. E.
AU  - Carrano, A. V.
AU  - Thompson, L. H.
JO  - Genomics (San Diego)
JF  - Genomics (San Diego)
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
SP  - 180
EP  - 188
SN  - 0888-7543
AD  - Brookman, K. W.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19950101829.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: many ref. Subject Subsets: Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - Human DNA repair gene XRCC1 complements the strand-break rejoining defect in Chinese hamster mutant EM9 and encodes a protein that is apparently required for optimal activity of DNA ligase III. Toward the goal of producing transgenic mice that carry a mutation in the Xrcc-1 locus, the murine homologue of XRCC1 was cloned from both cosmid genomic and cDNA libraries. Upon transfection into EM9 cells, cosmids containing the functional mouse gene efficiently corrected (94-100%) the high sister-chromatid-exchange defect. Mouse Xrcc-1 is 26 kb in length, contains 17 exons, and maps by metaphase in situ hybridization to the 7A3-7B2 region of mouse chromosome 7. Isolated cDNA clones were highly truncated and were extended by anchored polymerase chain reactions. The 1893-bp open reading frame of mouse Xrcc-1 encodes 631 amino acids, compared with 633 for the human homologue. The predicted mouse Xrcc-1 protein of 69.1 kDa and pI of 5.95 is 86% identical and 93% similar to human XRCC1.
KW  - animal models
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - gene mapping
KW  - mutations
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Animal Genetics (LL220) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Laboratory Animal Science (LL040) 
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19950101829&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of mutagenic activity in cooked-grain-food products.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Cunningham, P. L.
AU  - Griffin, E. A., Jr.
AU  - Jones, A. L.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
SP  - 15
EP  - 21
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Knize, M. G.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-452 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951402409.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 34 ref. Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science; Human Nutrition; Wheat, Barley & Triticale Abstracts; Maize
N2  - Wheat gluten or flour from several plant sources (including rye, maize and rice) heated at 210°C for 1 h produced 0 to 1800 revertant colonies/g in the Ames/Salmonella test using a strain TA98 with metabolic activation. Baked or toasted foods and a heated grain beverage showed a mutagenic response in all cases from 2 to 320 revertants/g, with higher values seen when overcooked. Fried meat-substitute patties showed 0 to 23 revertants/g when fried at 210°C. A greater mutagenic response in bacterial strain TA98 than in strain TA100 and a requirement for metabolic activation suggests that one or more aromatic amine mutagens are formed at normal cooking temperatures, but the mutagenic activity measured cannot be accounted for by the known heterocyclic amines commonly found in cooked meats. It is concluded that grain products form aromatic amine chemicals during heating that are mutagenic in bacterial mutation tests.
KW  - aromatic compounds
KW  - carcinoma
KW  - food grains
KW  - foods
KW  - maize
KW  - maize meal
KW  - mutagenicity
KW  - plant products
KW  - rice flour
KW  - rye
KW  - rye flour
KW  - wheat
KW  - wheat flour
KW  - wheat gluten
KW  - Secale cereale
KW  - Triticum
KW  - Zea mays
KW  - Secale
KW  - Poaceae
KW  - Cyperales
KW  - monocotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Zea
KW  - aromatics
KW  - corn
KW  - crop products
KW  - Crop Produce (QQ050) 
KW  - Food Processing (General) (QQ100) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19951402409&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Formation of mutagenic activity from amino acids heated at cooking temperatures.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Cunningham, P. L.
AU  - Avila, J. R.
AU  - Jones, A. L.
AU  - Griffin, E. A., Jr.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
SP  - 55
EP  - 60
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Knize, M. G.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-452 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951402425.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 22 ref. Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science; Human Nutrition
KW  - amines
KW  - amino acids
KW  - aromatic compounds
KW  - carcinogenesis
KW  - food grains
KW  - food products
KW  - meat
KW  - mutagenicity
KW  - aromatics
KW  - Crop Produce (QQ050) 
KW  - Food Processing (General) (QQ100) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19951402425&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cancer potencies of heterocyclic amines found in cooked foods.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
SP  - 505
EP  - 515
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Bogen, K. T.: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19941412501.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 68 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Quantitative estimates of potential cancer risk associated with eating heterocyclic amines (HAs) in cooked foods and food products, known to be highly mutagenic in the Ames/Salmonella assay and to cause cancer in laboratory animals, rely on estimates of carcinogenic potency from animal bioassay data. New estimates of potential human cancer potency are presented for 10 HAs associated with potential human dietary exposure from cooked-food sources. These estimates differ from previous similar estimates in that they properly reflect the fact that most of these HAs exhibit a pronounced ability to induce tumours at multiple histologically distinct sites within each sex/species tested, and so might be expected to be multipotent carcinogens in man as well. Thus, in addition to 82 tumour-type-specific potencies estimated for these compounds, 24 additional estimates of aggregate potency (to induce one or more tumour types) were made, using different methods to scale estimated bioassay cancer potency to man. The currently unknown potency of an additional cooked-food HA was estimated using linear regressions of log-carcinogenic on log-mutagenic potency for the other 10 HAs, some of which were highly significant (e.g., r = 0.85, P<0.004). The potency estimates obtained are consistent with an upper-bound cancer risk between 10-3 and 10-4 for an average lifetime cooked-beef intake of 3.3 g/kg daily (or about 0.5 lb/day). Use of these potency estimates to obtain more realistic upper-bound estimates of dietary-HA risk will require detailed HA-exposure assessments.
KW  - carcinoma
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - intake
KW  - nitrosamines
KW  - risk
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19941412501&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ethanol from lignocellulose biomass: technology, economics, and opportunities.
AU  - Wyman, C. E.
JO  - Bioresource Technology
JF  - Bioresource Technology
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 50
IS  - 1
SP  - 3
EP  - 16
SN  - 0960-8524
AD  - Wyman, C. E.: Alternative Fuels Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951904806.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 85 ref. Registry Number: 9004-34-6.  Subject Subsets: Biofuels
N2  - Production of ethanol from renewable sources of lignocellulosic biomass, e.g. agricultural and forestry residues, municipal solid waste, and crops, can improve energy security, decrease urban air pollution and reduce the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Ethanol production and utilization, lignocellulosic biomass composition, production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass by acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis, projected costs of ethanol, and opportunities for technology improvement are discussed. At current projected costs, ethanol from biomass could be competitive with ethanol from maize, particularly if lower cost feedstocks are capitalized upon.
KW  - biomass
KW  - cellulose
KW  - costs
KW  - economics
KW  - ethanol production
KW  - lignocellulosic wastes
KW  - plant residues
KW  - solid wastes
KW  - technology
KW  - utilization
KW  - costings
KW  - Waste Conversion and Utilization (XX600) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Plant Wastes (XX200) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19951904806&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A carcinogenic heterocyclic amine, common in food, and its metabolites are found in rodent breast milk and urine of the suckling pups.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JF  - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 86
IS  - 14
SP  - 1041
EP  - 1042
SN  - 0027-8874
AD  - Felton, J. S.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19950403135.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 8 ref. Subject Subsets: Animal Nutrition; Human Nutrition; Dairy Science
KW  - amines
KW  - animal models
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - metabolism
KW  - rat milk
KW  - sucking
KW  - suckling
KW  - tissues
KW  - urine
KW  - young animals
KW  - man
KW  - rats
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - Laboratory Animal Science (LL040) 
KW  - Milk and Dairy Produce (QQ010) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19950403135&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mutagenic activity of heterocyclic amines in cooked foods.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Dolbeare, F. A.
AU  - Wu, R.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 102
IS  - SUPP 6
SP  - 201
EP  - 204
SN  - 0091-6765
AD  - Felton, J. S.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951406448.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 28 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Mutagenic heterocyclic amines are generated in foods when they are cooked at temperatures over 150°C. These compounds are present from 0.1 to 50 µg/kg, depending on the food and cooking conditions. These heterocyclic amines are not only present in cooked red meat, fish and chicken, but are also present at lower levels in baked and fried foods derived from grain. Mutagenicity of fried beef hamburgers and cooked at 230°C is 800±37 TA98 revertants per g cooked weight. 2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MelQx), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMelQx) and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) formation were estimated at this temperature and were found at 3.0±2.0, 1.0±0.18 and 0.06±0.03 ng/g, respectively. 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazole[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) was found at a higher concentration of 9.6 ng/g. Heterocyclic amines are capable of producing both reverse and forward mutations in Salmonella and forward mutations in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO). A significant increase in mutations in the pancreas of the "mutamouse" following PhIP exposure was also found. The pancreas also shows relatively high DNA binding compared to other organs in the mouse. The number of type of mutations depend on the repair capacity of the cells for both Salmonella and CHO. In Salmonella the mutations are primarily 2-base deletions when the cells lack uvrB repair, but mutations are more complex (larger deletions and insertions) but lower in frequency when repair is functional. Efforts are now under way to assess specific sequence changes in the aprt gene in mutant CHO cells.
KW  - activity
KW  - amines
KW  - cooking
KW  - foods
KW  - mutagenesis
KW  - mutagenicity
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19951406448&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Concentration of 210Po and 210Pb in the diet at the Marshall Islands.
AU  - Noshkin, V. E.
AU  - Robison, W. L.
AU  - Wong, K. M.
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 155
IS  - 1
SP  - 87
EP  - 104
SN  - 0048-9697
AD  - Noshkin, V. E.: Health and Ecological Assessment Div. L-453, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951401285.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 39 ref. Registry Number: 7439-92-1, 7440-08-6.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Concentrations of 210polonium and 210lead have been determined in many local foods consumed by societies residing on different atolls in the Marshall Islands. Average daily intake of these two naturally occurring radionuclides from local and imported food is estimated to be 2.18 and 0.36 Bq, respectively. Local foods contribute 87% of the 210Po and 47% of the 210Pb associated with the diet. The items contributing the majority of the activity to the diet are derived from the marine environment and include parts of fish, invertebrates, seabirds and eggs of seabirds. The committed effective dose from ingestion of 210Po and 210Pb is about 2 mSv/year (200 mrem/year). This pathway now contributes 83% of the natural background irradiation received by residents in the Marshall Islands. Because the naturally occurring radionuclides are omnipresent in terrestrial and marine foods at all atolls, the annual intake and computed dose can be considered as typical values for individuals with comparable diets and inhabiting other islands in the Pacific.
KW  - diet studies
KW  - intake
KW  - lead
KW  - polonium
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - Marshall Islands
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Developing Countries
KW  - Micronesia
KW  - Oceania
KW  - Pacific Islands
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Diet Studies (VV110) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modeling HIV infection of CD4+ T-cell subpopulations.
AU  - Essunger, P.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 170
IS  - 4
SP  - 367
EP  - 391
SN  - 0022-5193
AD  - Essunger, P.: (A.S. Perelson) Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19952001027.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English. 
KW  - CD4+ lymphocytes
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - pathogenesis
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - CD4+ cells
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - T4 lymphocytes
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19952001027&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Complete nucleotide sequence of a circular plasmid from the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi.
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - Buchstein, S. R.
AU  - Butler, L. L.
AU  - Fisenne, S.
AU  - Polin, D. S.
AU  - Lade, B. N.
AU  - Luft, B. J.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 176
IS  - 9
SP  - 2706
EP  - 2717
SN  - 0021-9193
AD  - Dunn, J. J.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19950502525.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 56 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - The complete nucleotide sequence of a small circular plasmid from B. burgdorferi Ip21 was determined. The plasmid (cp8.3/Ip21) is 8303 bp long, has a 76.6% A+T content, and is unstable upon passage of cells in vitro. An analysis of the sequence revealed the presence of 2 nearly perfect copies of a 184-bp inverted repeat sequence separated by 2675 bp containing 3 closely spaced, but nonoverlapping, open reading frames (ORFs). Each inverted repeat ends in sequences that may function as signals for the initiation of transcription and translation of flanking plasmid sequences. A unique oligonucleotide probe based on the repeated sequence showed that the DNA between the repeats is present predominantly in a single orientation. Additional copies of the repeat were not detected elsewhere in the Ip21 genome. An analysis for potential ORFs indicates that the plasmid has 9 highly probable protein-coding ORFs and 1 that is less probable; together, they occupy almost 71% of the nucleotide sequence. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of the ORFs revealed 1 (ORF-9) with features in common with Borrelia lipoproteins and another (ORF-2) having limited homology with a replication protein, RepC, from a gram-positive plasmid that replicates by a rolling circle (RC) mechanism. Known collectively as RC plasmids, such plasmids require a double-stranded origin at which the Rep protein nicks the DNA to generate a single-stranded replication intermediate. cp8.3/Ip21 has 3 copies of the heptameric motif characteristically found at a nick site of most RC plasmids. These observations suggest that cp8.3/Ip21 may replicate by an RC mechanism.
KW  - DNA
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - plasmids
KW  - Borrelia burgdorferi
KW  - Borrelia
KW  - Spirochaetaceae
KW  - Spirochaetales
KW  - Spirochaetes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Microbiology (General) (ZZ390) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19950502525&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Solution-phase binding of monoclonal antibodies to bee venom phospholipase A2.
AU  - Myatt, E. A.
AU  - Stevens, F. J.
AU  - Benjamin, C.
JO  - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 177
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 35
EP  - 42
SN  - 0022-1759
AD  - Myatt, E. A.: Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4833, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19960500046.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 21 ref. Registry Number: 9001-84-7.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - The binding of monoclonal anti-bee venom phospholipase A2 antibodies to their antigen was monitored by size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). As judged by this panel of 6 antibodies, honeybee venom phospholipase A2 contains 5 binding sites, 3 of which are completely independent epitopes. The study revealed that this PLA2 can accommodate 3 different antibodies simultaneously. The results demonstrate the utility of size-exclusion HPLC in epitope analyses, such as its ability to compare the relative expansiveness and conformational state of the epitopes and to enumerate the antibodies that the antigen can accommodate simultaneously. The data provide compelling evidence that one of the monoclonal antibodies, M5 (which activates the enzyme), recognizes a different conformation of phospholipase A2 than do the other antibodies. The results also demonstrate that different pairs of monoclonal antibodies differ in their predilection to form high molecular weight complexes with the antigen.<new para>ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT:<new para>The binding of monoclonal anti-bee venom phospholipase A2 antibodies to their antigen was monitored by size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). As judged by this panel of 6 antibodies, honey bee venom phospholipase A2 contains 5 binding sites, 3 of which are completely independent epitopes. The study revealed that this PLA2 can accommodate 3 different antibodies simultaneously.
KW  - antibodies
KW  - antigens
KW  - binding sites
KW  - epitopes
KW  - honey bee venom
KW  - HPLC
KW  - monoclonal antibodies
KW  - phospholipase A2
KW  - venoms
KW  - Apis
KW  - Apis mellifera
KW  - Apidae
KW  - Hymenoptera
KW  - insects
KW  - Hexapoda
KW  - arthropods
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Apis
KW  - antigenic determinants
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - binding site
KW  - high performance liquid chromatography
KW  - honeybee venom
KW  - immunogens
KW  - mellifera
KW  - phosphatidase
KW  - phospholipase A
KW  - toxinology
KW  - venom
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Apiculture (LL010) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of discrete cellulase enzyme activities from anaerobic digester sludge fed a municipal solid waste feedstock.
AU  - Rivard, C. J.
AU  - Nieves, R. A.
AU  - Nagle, N. J.
AU  - Himmel, M. E.
JO  - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Part A, Enzyme Engineering and Biotechnology
JF  - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Part A, Enzyme Engineering and Biotechnology
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 45/46
IS  - COM
SP  - 453
EP  - 462
AD  - Rivard, C. J.: Alternative Fuels Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO80401, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19961300442.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 14 ref.
N2  - New protocols were developed for partially purifying endoglucanase enzymes from extracted anaerobic digester sludge fed a municipal solid waste (MSW) feedstock. Fractions from preparative, native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were analysed for endoglucanase activity using carboxymethyl cellulase (CMC) hydrolysis and zymogram activity staining. Finally, a fraction of the total endoglucanase enzyme from this system was evaluated for apparent mol wt using size exclusion chromatography, thus developing a preliminary picture of the cellulase system type.
KW  - anaerobic digestion
KW  - biological treatment
KW  - characterization
KW  - electrophoresis
KW  - enzymes
KW  - gel filtration chromatography
KW  - isolation
KW  - PAGE
KW  - purification
KW  - sewage sludge
KW  - techniques
KW  - endoglucanase
KW  - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
KW  - Waste Conversion and Utilization (XX600) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of benzene content in food using a novel blender purge and trap GC/MS method.
AU  - Barshick, S. A.
AU  - Smith, S. M.
AU  - Buchanan, M. V.
AU  - Guerin, M. R.
JO  - Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
JF  - Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
SP  - 244
EP  - 257
SN  - 0889-1575
AD  - Barshick, S. A.: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6120, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951412595.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 26 ref. Registry Number: 71-43-2.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - A novel off-line blender purge and trap sampling method for the determination of benzene and other volatile organic compounds was investigated to overcome some of the problems encountered in the analysis of solid foods. Overall, the new blender purge and trap method has several distinct advantages over conventional purge and trap systems including minimal loss of analyte from sample handling transfers, improved reproducibility and detection sensitivity, and the ability to analyse solid foods more directly.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - benzene
KW  - estimation
KW  - food contamination
KW  - food safety
KW  - foods
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - food contaminants
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19951412595&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A computer program designed to screen rapidly for HIV type 1 intersubtype recombinant sequences.
AU  - Siepel, A. C.
AU  - Halpern, A. L.
AU  - Macken, C.
AU  - Korber, B. T. M.
JO  - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
JF  - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
SP  - 1413
EP  - 1416
SN  - 0889-2229
AD  - Siepel, A. C.: T10 MS K710, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19962001985.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 11 ref.
KW  - computer analysis
KW  - env gene
KW  - gag gene
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - recombination
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - genetic recombination
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19962001985&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicological potency of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin relative to 100 other compounds: a relative potency analysis of in vitro and in vivo test data.
AU  - Jones, T. D.
JO  - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
SP  - 77
EP  - 85
SN  - 0090-4341
AD  - Jones, T. D.: Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500-S MS 6101, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951112726.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 31 ref. Registry Number: 8001-35-2, 57-74-9, 12789-03-6, 50-29-3, 60-57-1, 608-73-1, 76-44-8, 58-89-9.  Subject Subsets: Agricultural Entomology
N2  - Toxicological assessments for a chemical of concern can be made in terms of another compound about which much is known from a human health perspective. This paper demonstrates how 2,3,7,8-tetra-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was evaluated based on bioassay results and relative-potency dependent slope factors from a suite of epidemiologically defined carcinogens, and compares TCDD with 100 other compounds (including DDT, dieldrin, chlordane, heptachlor, lindane, toxaphene [camphechlor] and other pesticides) both individually and collectively, which have undergone exhaustive analysis.
KW  - agricultural entomology
KW  - camphechlor
KW  - chlordane
KW  - DDT
KW  - dieldrin
KW  - HCH
KW  - heptachlor
KW  - lindane
KW  - nontarget effects
KW  - pesticides
KW  - techniques
KW  - testing
KW  - toxicity
KW  - toxicology
KW  - benzene hexachloride
KW  - BHC
KW  - dicophane
KW  - toxaphene
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs (General) (HH400) 
KW  - Animal Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (LL900) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heterocyclic amine content in fast-food meat products.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Sinha, R.
AU  - Rothman, N.
AU  - Brown, E. D.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Levander, O. A.
AU  - Cunningham, P. L.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 33
IS  - 7
SP  - 545
EP  - 551
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Knize, M. G.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-452 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951410355.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 27 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Heterocyclic aromatic amines are sometimes formed during the cooking of muscle meats, and their mutagenic and carcinogenic effects are of potential concern in the aetiology of cancer. In a large survey of the heterocyclic amine content of foods, fried or charbroiled hamburgers, fried chicken, chicken breast sandwiches, fish sandwiches and breakfast sausages were purchased from fast-food restaurants. At least 3 different chains were visited per product and samples from 5 stores from each chain were pooled. The solid-phase extraction and HPLC method was used to analyse pooled samples for heterocyclic amine content and mutagenic activity with the Ames/Salmonella assay. Samples were analysed in a blind study which also contained quality control samples of 2 types, 1 high and 1 low in heterocyclic amine content and mutagenic activity. Results from the fast-food products showed undetectable levels of heterocyclic amines in 10 of 17 samples and only low levels [≤1 ng/g total of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx)] in the remaining samples. Compared with values based primarily on laboratory and home cooking conditions, fast-food meat products appear to contribute only a small percentage of the estimated daily dietary intake of heterocyclic amines.
KW  - amines
KW  - cooking
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - meat
KW  - meat products
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identification of an immunologically important hypervariable domain of major outer surface protein A of Borrelia burgdorferi.
AU  - McGrath, B. C.
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - Gorgone, G.
AU  - Luft, B. J.
AU  - Guttman, D.
AU  - Dykhuizen, D.
JO  - Infection and Immunity
JF  - Infection and Immunity
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 63
IS  - 4
SP  - 1356
EP  - 1361
SN  - 0019-9567
AD  - McGrath, B. C.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19960501493.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Registry Number: 73-22-3.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - The gene for the major outer surface protein A (OspA) from several clinically obtained strains of B. burgdorferi were cloned, sequenced and expressed in Escherichia coli by using a T7-based expression system. All of the OspAs have a single conserved tryptophan at residue 216 or, in some cases, 217; however, the region of the protein flanking the tryptophan is hypervariable, as determined by a moving-window population analysis of ospA from 15 European and North American isolates of B. burgdorferi. Epitope-mapping studies using chemically cleaved OspA and a TrpE-OspA fusion have indicated that this hypervariable region is important for immune recognition. Biophysical analysis, including fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy, have indicated that the conserved tryptophan is buried in a hydrophobic environment. Polar amino acid side chains flanking the tryptophan are likely to be exposed to the hydrophilic solvent. The hypervariability of these solvent-exposed amino acid residues may contribute to the antigenic variation in OspA. To test this, the authors performed site-directed mutagenesis to replace some of the potentially exposed amino acid side chains in the B31 protein with the analogous residues of a B. garinii strain, K48. The altered proteins were than analysed by Western blot (immunoblot) with monoclonal antibodies which bind OspA on the surface of the intact B31 spirochaete. The results indicate that specific amino acid changes near the tryptophan can abolish the reactivity of OspA to these MAbs, which is an important consideration in the design of vaccines based on recombinant OspA.
KW  - amino acid sequences
KW  - antigens
KW  - clones
KW  - epitopes
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic engineering
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - monoclonal antibodies
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - proteins
KW  - tryptophan
KW  - Borrelia burgdorferi
KW  - Borrelia garinii
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Borrelia
KW  - Spirochaetaceae
KW  - Spirochaetales
KW  - Spirochaetes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - antigenic determinants
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - bacterium
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - E. coli
KW  - genetic manipulation
KW  - immunogens
KW  - protein sequences
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The development of painting probes for dual-color and multiple chromosome analysis in the mouse.
AU  - Breneman, J. W.
AU  - Swiger, R. R.
AU  - Ramsey, M. J.
AU  - Minkler, J. L.
AU  - Eveleth, J. G.
AU  - Langlois, R. A.
AU  - Tucker, J. D.
JO  - Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics
JF  - Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 68
IS  - 3/4
SP  - 197
EP  - 202
SN  - 0301-0171
AD  - Breneman, J. W.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19950100883.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 13 ref. Subject Subsets: Agricultural Biotechnology; Animal Breeding
N2  - The recent development of mouse chromosome painting probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization has extended the use of this common laboratory mammal in cytogenetics. The development is reported of additional painting probes by degenerate-oligonucleotide-primed PCR on chromosomes from mouse lung fibroblast cultures, each homozygous for a single Robertsonian translocation chromosome. These probes are for Rb(1.2), Rb(1.3), Rb(4.6), and Rb(6.7). Probes were also made for the sex chromosomes by isolating shoulders from larger peaks (X) or small, clearly resolved peaks (Y) in the flow karyotype. Combinations of probes were used to paint 4 chromosomes simultaneously in a single colour. Multicolour painting was achieved with a biotinylated Rb(1.2) probe and a digoxigenin-labelled Rb(2.8) probe. Each of the 3 homologous pairs was uniquely coloured by avidin-Texas Red, anti-digoxigenin-FITC, or both simultaneously. These results extend the usefulness of the mouse as a model for understanding adverse environmental exposures and genetic diseases in human.
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - chromosome analysis
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - development
KW  - DNA hybridization
KW  - fluorescence
KW  - probes
KW  - techniques
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Laboratory Animal Science (LL040) 
KW  - Animal Genetics (LL220) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19950100883&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens: structure and serology of multivalent human mucin MUC1-HIV V3 chimeric proteins.
AU  - Fontenot, J. D.
AU  - Gatewood, J. M.
AU  - Mariappan, S. V. S.
AU  - Pau, C. P.
AU  - Parekh, B. S.
AU  - George, J. R.
AU  - Gupta, G.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 92
IS  - 1
SP  - 315
EP  - 319
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Fontenot, J. D.: Correspondence address: G. Gupta, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, T-10, MS-K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19952009662.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 38 ref.
KW  - antibodies
KW  - envelope glycoproteins
KW  - epitopes
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - immunology
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - serology
KW  - structure
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - antigenic determinants
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - V3 loop
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Outcomes of a worksite cholesterol education program over a 5-year period.
AU  - Perovich, S. J.
AU  - Sandoval, W. M.
JO  - Journal of the American Dietetic Association
JF  - Journal of the American Dietetic Association
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 95
IS  - 5
SP  - 589
EP  - 590
SN  - 0002-8223
AD  - Perovich, S. J.: Sandia National Laboratories, Organization 3335, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1015, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19951407625.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 14 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
KW  - blood
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - nutrition education
KW  - nutrition programmes
KW  - USA
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - feeding programmes
KW  - feeding programs
KW  - food programs
KW  - nutrition programs
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Human Nutrition (General) (VV100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19951407625&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - FISH analysis of the telomere sequences of bulldog ants (Myrmecia: Formicidae).
AU  - Meyne, J.
AU  - Hirai, H.
AU  - Imai, H. T.
JO  - Chromosoma
JF  - Chromosoma
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 104
IS  - 1
SP  - 14
EP  - 18
SN  - 0009-5915
AD  - Meyne, J.: Life Sciences Division and Center for Human Genome Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19960503540.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 17 ref. Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - Chromosomes from several species of ants from the genus Myrmecia were hybridized with deoxyoligomer probes of either (T2AG2)7, the putative insect telomere repeat sequence, or (T2AG3)7, the vertebrate telomere repeat sequence. While both sequences hybridized over a range of stringency conditions, (T2AG2)n was clearly the predominant sequence at the termini of the Myrmecia chromosomes. No interstitial sites of either sequence were detected. The genus Myrmecia has a wide range of karyotypes, with chromosome numbers ranging from 2n = 2-84. It has been hypothesized that the ancestral karyotype was 2n = 4 and karyotype evolution proceeded with an increase in chromosome number. In the absence of detectable interstitial sites of telomere sequence, it is interesting to speculate on the origin of the new telomeres as the chromosome numbers increase.
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - cytogenetics
KW  - genetics
KW  - karyotypes
KW  - telomeres
KW  - Myrmecia
KW  - Myrmecia gulosa
KW  - Myrmecia pilosula
KW  - Formicidae
KW  - Hymenoptera
KW  - insects
KW  - Hexapoda
KW  - arthropods
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Myrmecia
KW  - Myrmecia arnoldi
KW  - Myrmecia chasei
KW  - Myrmecia croslandi
KW  - Myrmecia forficata
KW  - Myrmecia fulvipes
KW  - Myrmecia haskinsorum
KW  - Public Health and Nuisance Pests (VV300) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Animal Genetics (LL220) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19960503540&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Local and global structural properties of the HIV-MN V3 loop.
AU  - Catasti, P.
AU  - Fontenot, J. D.
AU  - Bradbury, E. M.
AU  - Gupta, G.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 270
IS  - 5
SP  - 2224
EP  - 2232
SN  - 0021-9258
AD  - Catasti, P.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19952005494.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref.
KW  - binding
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - monoclonal antibodies
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19952005494&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Protecting HIV databases.
AU  - Korber, B. T. M.
AU  - Learn, G.
AU  - Mullins, J. I.
AU  - Hahn, B. H.
AU  - Wolinksy, S.
AU  - Briant, L.
AU  - Puel, J.
AU  - Wade, C. M.
AU  - Leigh Brown, A. J.
AU  - Guyader, M.
AU  - Briant, L.\Puel, J.\Wade, C. M.\Leigh Brown, A. J.\Guyader, M.
T2  - Nature (London)
JO  - Nature (London)
JF  - Nature (London)
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 378
IS  - 6554
SP  - 242
EP  - 244
SN  - 0028-0836
AD  - Korber, B. T. M.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19962005096.  Publication Type: Correspondence.  Language: English.  Number of References: 21 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2. 
KW  - contamination
KW  - databases
KW  - DNA
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - sample processing
KW  - transmission
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - data banks
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - maternal
KW  - preparation of samples
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19962005096&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetically modified Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for studying the genotoxicity of heterocyclic amines from cooked foods.
AU  - Thompson, L. H.
AU  - Wu, R. W.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Toxicology Letters
JF  - Toxicology Letters
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 82/83
SP  - 883
EP  - 889
SN  - 0378-4274
AD  - Thompson, L. H.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19971402497.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 41 ref. Registry Number: 9035-51-2.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Metabolically competent Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were developed to evaluate the genotoxicity associated with heterocyclic amines, such as those that are present in cooked foods. Into repair-deficient UV5 cells, cDNAs for expressing cytochrome P-450IA2 and acetyltransferases were introduced. These transformed lines were then genetically reverted to obtain matched metabolically competent repair-deficient/proficient lines. For a high mutagenic response, acetyltransferase with 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline but not with 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine was required. This system allows for quantifying mutagenesis and analysing the mutational spectra produced by heterocyclic amines.
KW  - amines
KW  - cell lines
KW  - complementary DNA
KW  - cooking
KW  - cytochrome p-450
KW  - foods
KW  - genetic engineering
KW  - genotoxicity
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - mutagenesis
KW  - mutagens
KW  - cDNA
KW  - genetic manipulation
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19971402497&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Use of density equalizing map projections (DEMP) in the analysis of childhood cancer in four California counties.
AU  - Merrill, D. W.
AU  - Selvin, S.
AU  - Close, E. R.
AU  - Holmes, H. H.
JO  - Statistics in Medicine
JF  - Statistics in Medicine
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 15
IS  - 17/18
SP  - 1837
EP  - 1848
SN  - 0277-6715
AD  - Merrill, D. W.: Information and Computing Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19962008344.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 17 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
KW  - analysis
KW  - children
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - geographical distribution
KW  - human diseases
KW  - methodology
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - California
KW  - North America
KW  - USA
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - cancers
KW  - methods
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19962008344&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular probe for typing strains of Candida albicans.
AU  - Postlethwait, P.
AU  - Bell, B.
AU  - Oberle, W. T.
AU  - Sundstrom, P.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
SP  - 474
EP  - 476
SN  - 0095-1137
AD  - Postlethwait, P.: Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19961200308.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 32 ref. Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Mycology
N2  - A method for separating strains of C. albicans into 9 possible groups was devised using a cDNA probe for enolase and Southern blot analysis. 23 isolates of C. albicans were distributed among 8 of the 9 groups. 15 isolates obtained from a single hospital segregated into 4 of the groups.
KW  - DNA probes
KW  - identification
KW  - techniques
KW  - Candida albicans
KW  - Candida
KW  - Saccharomycetales
KW  - Saccharomycetes
KW  - Saccharomycotina
KW  - Ascomycota
KW  - fungi
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - fungus
KW  - Hyphomycetes
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19961200308&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Minimally oxidized LDL is a potent inhibitor of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity.
AU  - Bielicki, J. K.
AU  - Forte, T. M.
AU  - McCall, M. R.
JO  - Journal of Lipid Research
JF  - Journal of Lipid Research
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
SP  - 1012
EP  - 1021
SN  - 0022-2275
AD  - Bielicki, J. K.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, 1-213, University of California at Berkeley, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19961405863.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 54 ref. Registry Number: 9031-14-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - As a variety of highly reactive lipid peroxidation products can transfer from oxidized LDL to HDL, potential deleterious effects of LDL oxidation on HDL-cholesterol metabolism were examined. The HDL-containing fraction of human plasma was exposed to copper-oxidized LDL and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity and apolipoprotein a-I (apo a-I) structure were examined. To determine whether LCAT was directly affected by oxidized LDL, independent of crosslinking of apo a-I, an exogenous, [14C]cholesterol-labelled proteoliposome substrate was used to measure plasma LCAT activity. Copper-oxidized LDL, possessing only 2.3±0.1 and 7.3±1.4 thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), produced 24±3 and 47±10% reductions in [14C]cholesterol esterification over 1 h, respectively. Copper-oxidized LDL that had been passed through a GF-5 desalting column, while retaining only one-third of its original TBARS, possessed nearly all of its LCAT inhibitory capacity suggesting that the LCAT inhibitory factor(s) was a lipophilic oxidation product. Analysis of polar lipids isolated from copper-oxidized LDL indicated that phospholipid and sterol fractions effectively inhibited LCAT. Copper-oxidized LDL, with TBARS 6.3 nmol MDA equivalents/mg LDL protein, produced intermolecular crosslinking of apo a-Imolecules. It is suggested that products of LDL oxidation may adversely affect HDL-cholesterol metabolism by two separate mechanisms: a direct inhibitory effect on LCAT activity and through crosslinking of apo a-I. If occurring in vivo, minimally oxidized LDL may impair cholesteryl ester formation on HDL thereby limiting the ability of HDL to function efficiently in the putative antiatherogenic reverse cholesterol transport pathway.
KW  - activity
KW  - apolipoproteins
KW  - atherogenesis
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - in vitro
KW  - lipid peroxidation
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - oxidation
KW  - phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase
KW  - serum
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19961405863&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A screening method for occupational reproductive health risk.
AU  - Jankovic, J.
AU  - Drake, F.
JO  - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
JF  - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 57
IS  - 7
SP  - 641
EP  - 649
SN  - 0002-8894
AD  - Jankovic, J.: Safety and Health Technical Support, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6292, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19962006919.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 20 ref.
N2  - A method for identifying potential reproductive toxins and screening levels for associated health risks useful for hazard communication and exposure control is presented. To date, the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances lists between 5000 and 6000 chemicals, drugs, and natural substances that show a positive outcome in at least 1 reproductive effects study. This reproductive health risk assessment began with these substances. Using elements of the Environmental Protection Agency's health risk assessment process, the list was reduced to 213 chemicals during the hazard identification step. Occupational reproductive guidelines (ORGs) were developed in the dose-response evaluation step. At the time of this writing, 85% of the chemicals identified in the hazard identification step have had a screening level dose-response assessment completed. Of these, 13% are greater than or equal to a threshold limit value (TLV®). The remaining 87% do not have a TLV or ORGs below the TLV. The reproductive toxins list, along with the corresponding dose-response-derived ORGs that have been completed, appears at the end of the text.
KW  - guidelines
KW  - health
KW  - human diseases
KW  - occupational hazards
KW  - occupational health
KW  - reproductive disorders
KW  - risk
KW  - toxicology
KW  - toxins
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - recommendations
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19962006919&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Subcellular location of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase isoenzymes in cell cultures and plant tissues of Datura innoxia Mill.
AU  - Kuske, C. R.
AU  - Hill, K. K.
AU  - Guzman, E.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
JO  - Plant Physiology
JF  - Plant Physiology
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
SP  - 659
EP  - 667
SN  - 0032-0889
AD  - Kuske, C. R.: Environmental Molecular Biology Group, M888, Life Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19970300630.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 43 ref. Registry Number: 7440-43-9, 70-18-8.  Subject Subsets: Crop Physiology; Horticultural Science
N2  - O-Acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS; EC 4.2.99.8) catalyses the formation of L-cysteine from O-acetylserine and inorganic sulfide. Three OASS isoenzymes that differed in molecular mass and subunit structure were present in shoot and root tissues and in cadmium-resistant and cadmium-susceptible cell cultures of Datura innoxia [Datura fastuosa]. Different OASS forms predominated in leaves, roots, and suspension-cell cultures. To determine the subcellular location of the OASS isoenzymes, purified mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cytosolic fractions from protoplasts were obtained. The isoenzymes were compartmentalized in D. innoxia cells, with a different isoenzyme predominant in the chloroplast, cytosol, and mitochondria, suggesting that they serve different functions in the plant cell. The chloroplast form was most abundant in green leaves and leaf protoplasts. The cytosolic form was most abundant in roots and cell cultures. A mitochondrial form was abundant in cell cultures, but was a minor form in leaves or roots. Cadmium-tolerant cell cultures contained 1.8-fold as much constitutive OASS activity as the wild-type cell line, and 2.9-fold more than the cadmium-hypersensitive cell line. This may facilitate rapid production of glutathione and metal-binding phytochelatins when these cultures are exposed to cadmium.
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - cadmium
KW  - cells
KW  - chelating agents
KW  - enzyme activity
KW  - enzymes
KW  - glutathione
KW  - in vitro culture
KW  - isoenzymes
KW  - lyases
KW  - medicinal plants
KW  - nutrition
KW  - plant nutrition
KW  - pollution
KW  - tolerance
KW  - Datura metel
KW  - Datura
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Solanales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - datura fastuosa
KW  - drug plants
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - isozymes
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - Plant Composition (FF040) 
KW  - Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (FF060) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19970300630&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structure and polymorphism of HIV-1 third variable loops.
AU  - Catasti, P.
AU  - Bradbury, E. M.
AU  - Gupta, G.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 271
IS  - 14
SP  - 8236
EP  - 8242
SN  - 0021-9258
AD  - Catasti, P.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, T-10, M/S K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19962006808.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 28 ref.
KW  - conformation
KW  - envelope protein gp120
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - polymorphism
KW  - structure
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - body conformation
KW  - gp120
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - variable regions
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19962006808&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - HIV-1 dynamics in vivo: virion clearance rate, infected cell life-span, and viral generation time.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
AU  - Neumann, A. U.
AU  - Markowitz, M.
AU  - Leonard, J. M.
AU  - Ho, D. D.
JO  - Science (Washington)
JF  - Science (Washington)
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 271
IS  - 5255
SP  - 1582
EP  - 1586
SN  - 0036-8075
AD  - Perelson, A. S.: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19962005186.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 14 ref.
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - replication
KW  - viral replication
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - viruses
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19962005186&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other risk factors for coronary heart disease in female runners.
AU  - Williams, P. T.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 334
IS  - 20
SP  - 1298
EP  - 1303
SN  - 0028-4793
AD  - Williams, P. T.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Bldg. 934 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19961408523.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 40 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - This study examined the dose-response relation in women between risk factors for coronary heart disease, particularly the concentration of HDL cholesterol, and vigorous exercise at levels that exceed official guidelines. The number of km run weekly reported by 1837 female recreational runners in a national cross-sectional survey was compared with medical data provided by the women's physicians. In these cross-sectional data, plasma HDL cholesterol concentrations were higher by an average (±s.e.) of 0.133±0.020 mg/100 ml for every additional km run per week, an amount nearly identical with that previously reported for men (0.136±0.006 mg/100 ml per km per week). Among women who ran <48 km/week, mean plasma HDL concentrations were significantly higher with each 16-km increment in distance. Women who ran >64 km/week had significantly higher mean concentrations of HDL cholesterol than did women who ran <48 km/week. They were also significantly more likely to have HDL cholesterol concentrations greater than 100, 90 or 80 mg/100 ml than were women running <64 km/week. HDL cholesterol concentrations increased significantly in relation to the number of km run per week in premenopausal women who were not using oral contraceptives and in postmenopausal women, whether they were receiving oestrogen-replacement therapy or not. Substantial increases in HDL cholesterol concentrations were found in women who exercised at levels exceeding current guidelines; higher HDL cholesterol concentrations could provide added health benefits to these women.
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - risk
KW  - women
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - coronary diseases
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19961408523&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - HIV-1 subtypes: implications for epidemiology, pathogenicity, vaccines and diagnostics.
AU  - Koorber, B.
AU  - Hoelsher, M.
JO  - AIDS
JF  - AIDS
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 11
IS  - 15
SP  - 17
EP  - 35
SN  - 0269-9370
AD  - Koorber, B.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T10), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19982000377.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Annual report; Journal article.  Corporate Author: European Commission; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Language: English.  Number of References: 228 ref.
N2  - Forty three scientists from Europe, Africa, USA, Canada, India and China met in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to discuss the implications of the global variation of HIV. This meeting followed an earlier meeting of UNAIDS, held in 1996 in Berlin, Germany, in which HIV genetic variability was considered in relation to transmissibility. During the Tanzania meeting, available data pertaining to the biological consequences of HIV genetic variation and its ramifications with regard to epidemiology, diagnostics, classification, and vaccine design were systematically reviewed. There was consensus that classification based on genetically defined subtypes provides an important framework for making advances on understanding viral biology and immunology, and for vaccine development. In addition, other groupings of viruses based on immunological and biological characteristics would be also valuable and help further to refine understanding of the implications of variability. Key elements of the discussion are summarized in this report in the context of a review of the current literature.
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - pathogenicity
KW  - vaccines
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - genetic variability
KW  - genotypic variability
KW  - genotypic variation
KW  - HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1
KW  - viral subtypes
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19982000377&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fluxes of methane between landfills and the atmosphere: natural and engineered controls.
AU  - Bogner, J.
AU  - Meadows, M.
AU  - Czepiel, P.
JO  - Soil Use and Management
JF  - Soil Use and Management
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 13
IS  - sup.4
SP  - 268
EP  - 277
SN  - 0266-0032
AD  - Bogner, J.: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981903332.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 67 ref. Registry Number: 74-82-8.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Field measurement of landfill methane (CH4) emissions indicates natural variability from <0.0004 to >4000 g/m² per day. This wide range reflects net emissions resulting from production (methanogenesis), consumption (methanotrophic oxidation), and gaseous transport processes. The determination of an 'average' emission rate for a given field site requires sampling designs and statistical techniques which consider spatial and temporal variability. Moreover, particularly at sites with pumped gas recovery systems, it is possible for methanotrophic microorganisms in aerated cover soils to oxidize all of the CH4 from landfill sources below and, additionally, to oxidize CH4 diffusing into cover soils from atmospheric sources above. In such cases, a reversed soil gas concentration gradient is observed in shallow cover soils, indicating bidirectional diffusional transport to the depth of optimum CH4 oxidation. Rates of landfill CH4 oxidation from field and laboratory incubation studies range up to 166 g/m² per day, among the highest for any natural setting, providing an effective natural control on net emissions. It has been shown that methanotrophs in landfill soils can adapt rapidly to elevated CH4 concentrations with increased rates of CH4 oxidation related to depth of oxygen penetration, soil moisture, and the nutrient status of the soil. Estimates of worldwide landfill CH4 emissions to the atmosphere have ranged from 9 to 70 Tg/year, differing mainly in assumed CH4 yields from estimated quantities of landfilled refuse. At highly controlled landfill sites in developed countries, landfill CH4 is often collected via vertical wells or horizontal collectors. Recovery of landfill CH4 through engineered systems can provide both environmental and energy benefits by mitigating subsurface migration, reducing surface emissions, and providing an alternative energy resource for industrial boiler use, on-site electrical generation, or upgrading to a substitute natural gas. Manipulation of landfill cover soils to maximize their oxidation potential could provide a complementary strategy for controlling CH4 emissions, particularly at older sites where the CH4 concentration in landfill gas is too low for energy recovery or flaring. It is necessary to better quantify net emissions relative to rates of CH4 production, oxidation, and transport.
KW  - atmosphere
KW  - control
KW  - emission
KW  - landfills
KW  - methane
KW  - soil
KW  - world
KW  - worldwide
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19981903332&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Deviations from maximum weight predict high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in runners: the National Runners' Health Study.
AU  - Williams, P. T.
JO  - International Journal of Obesity
JF  - International Journal of Obesity
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
SP  - 6
EP  - 13
SN  - 0307-0565
AD  - Williams, P. T.: Life Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Bldg 934, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19971401721.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 21 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - This study tested whether the relationship between adiposity and HDL cholesterol depends upon past weight history in addition to current weight. Physician-supplied medical data were compared to questionnaires from a national cross-sectional survey. Subjects were 6847 men who ran between 0 and 171 km/week. Self-reported current weight, greatest lifetime weight and body circumferences were compared to physician-supplied data for plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Current HDL-cholesterol levels were greatest in those runners with the greatest weight loss since their maximum lifetime weight and the greatest reductions in circumference of their waist, hip and chest since their maximum weight. Plasma levels of triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol were also significantly lower for runners showing the greatest decreases in total and regional adiposity since their maximum weight. The results remained significant when adjusted for current body mass index and running mileage. These results suggest that the lipoprotein concentrations of runners are in part dependent upon whether the current weight is relatively high or low within the historical range of weights experienced by the individual.
KW  - body fat
KW  - body weight
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - exercise
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - history
KW  - physical activity
KW  - running
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19971401721&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The effects of vinblastine on the expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat.
AU  - Akan, E.
AU  - Chang-Liu ChinMei
AU  - Wantanabe, J.
AU  - Ishizawa, K.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
JO  - Leukemia Research
JF  - Leukemia Research
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
SP  - 459
EP  - 464
SN  - 0145-2126
AD  - Akan, E.: Correspondence address [Woloschak, G. E.]: Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4833, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19972008327.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 16 ref. Registry Number: 865-21-4, 143-67-9. 
N2  - Using human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells stably transfected with the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter transcriptionally driven by the HIV-LTR promoter, a 9-10-fold induction was demonstrated at 48-72 hours following vinblastine treatment.
KW  - carcinoma
KW  - cervix
KW  - genomes
KW  - microbiology
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - vinblastine
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - genomic structure
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - long terminal repeats
KW  - LTR
KW  - vincaleucoblastine
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Animal Genetics (LL220) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19972008327&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761): inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7.
AU  - Kobuchi, H.
AU  - Droy-Lefaix, M. T.
AU  - Christen, Y.
AU  - Packer, L.
JO  - Biochemical Pharmacology
JF  - Biochemical Pharmacology
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 53
IS  - 6
SP  - 897
EP  - 903
SN  - 0006-2952
AD  - Kobuchi, H.: Energy and Environment Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19970306549.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 34 ref. Registry Number: 10102-43-9.  Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science; Aromatic & Medicinal Plants
N2  - A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of G. biloba extract (EGb 761) on the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. EGb 761 inhibited nitrite and nitrate production, taken as an index for NO, in a concentration-dependent fashion. The IC50 for inhibition of nitrite production by activated macrophages was about 100 µg/ml. The inducible NO synthase (iNOS) enzyme activity of cytosolic preparations from activated RAW 264.7 cells was inhibited by treatment with EGb 761. In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that the expression of iNOS mRNA in activated macrophages was suppressed by high concentrations of EGb 761. However, NF-κB DNA binding activity induced by activation with LPS/IFN-γ was not inhibited by EGb 761. These findings indicate that not only does EGb 761 directly act as an NO scavenger but also that it inhibits NO production in LPS/IFN-γ-activated macrophages by concomitant inhibition of induction of iNOS mRNA and the enzyme activity of iNOS. Thus, EGb 761 may act as a potent inhibitor of NO production under tissue-damaging inflammatory conditions.
KW  - antiinflammatory properties
KW  - antioxidant properties
KW  - enzyme activity
KW  - herbal drugs
KW  - in vitro
KW  - macrophages
KW  - medicinal plants
KW  - medicinal properties
KW  - messenger RNA
KW  - nitric oxide
KW  - pharmacology
KW  - plant extracts
KW  - Ginkgo biloba
KW  - mice
KW  - Ginkgo
KW  - Ginkgoaceae
KW  - Ginkgoopsida
KW  - gymnosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - anti-inflammatory properties
KW  - anti-oxidant properties
KW  - drug plants
KW  - ginkgo tree
KW  - herbal medicines
KW  - maidenhair tree
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - mRNA
KW  - nitric oxide synthase
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - radical scavenging properties
KW  - Non-wood Forest Products (KK540) 
KW  - Non-food/Non-feed Plant Products (SS200) 
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Animal Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (LL900) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of the variable-number of tandem repeats in vrrA from different Bacillus anthracis isolates.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
AU  - Walthers, E. A.
AU  - Kalif, A. S.
AU  - Richmond, K. L.
AU  - Adair, D. M.
AU  - Hill, K. K.
AU  - Kuske, C. R.
AU  - Andersen, G. L.
AU  - Wilson, K. H.
AU  - Hugh-Jones, M. E.
AU  - Keim, P.
JO  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 63
IS  - 4
SP  - 1400
EP  - 1405
SN  - 0099-2240
AD  - Jackson, P. J.: Environmental Molecular Biology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19982205913.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 22 ref. Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science; Veterinary Science
N2  - PCR analysis of 198 B. anthracis isolates from America, Asia, Europe and Africa revealed a variable region of DNA sequence differing in length among the isolates. Five polymorphisms differed by the presence of 2 to 6 copies of the 12-bp tandem repeat 5′-CAATATCAACAA-3′. This variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) region is located within a larger sequence containing one complete open reading frame that encodes a putative 30-kDa protein. Length variation did not change the reading frame of the encoded protein and only changed the copy number of a 4-amino-acid sequence (QYQQ) from 2 to 6. The structure of the VNTR region suggests that these multiple repeats are generated by recombination or polymerase slippage. Protein structures predicted from the reverse-translated DNA sequence suggest that any structural changes in the encoded protein are confined to the region encoded by the VNTR sequence. Copy number differences in the VNTR region were used to define 5 different B. anthracis alleles. Characterization of the isolates revealed allele frequencies of 6.1, 17.7, 59.6, 5.6 and 11.1% sequentially from shorter to longer alleles. The high degree of polymorphism in the VNTR region provides a criterion for assigning isolates to 5 allelic categories. There is a correlation between categories and geographic distribution. It is suggested that such molecular markers can be used to monitor the epidemiology of anthrax outbreaks in domestic and native herbivore populations.
KW  - bacterial diseases
KW  - characterization
KW  - DNA sequencing
KW  - genetic polymorphism
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterial infections
KW  - bacterioses
KW  - bacterium
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - nucleotide sequence analysis
KW  - nucleotide sequencing
KW  - PCR
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence for the incompatibility of age-neutral overweight and age-neutral physical activity standards from runners.
AU  - Williams, P. T.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 65
IS  - 5
SP  - 1391
EP  - 1396
SN  - 0002-9165
AD  - Williams, P. T.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 934 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19971406606.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 44 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - This study examined whether vigorous exercise prevents weight gain with age and whether weight maintenance and an age-neutral adult overweight standard are consistent with a constant activity level over time. These hypotheses were examined in a national cross-sectional survey of 4769 and 2150 male runners aged 18-49 years and >49 years, respectively. Before 50 years of age, the rates at which body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference increased in association with age were the same in shorter-distance (<16 km/week) and longer-distance (>80 km/week) runners. Regardless of weekly running distance, before 50 years of age, BMI increased at 0.045±0.006 kg/m² yearly and waist circumference increased at 0.186±0.014 cm/year. The percentage of runners who were moderately overweight (BMI ≥25) was 21.5% before 30 years of age and 30.1% in those between 45 and 49 years old. Men who ran greater distances were nevertheless leaner because weekly running distance was inversely related to BMI (slope±SE: -0.033±0.002 kg/m² per km/week) and waist circumference (-0.083±0.004 cm km-1 week-1). It was concluded that, to be consistent, guidelines should either recommend substantial increases in physical activity over time when promoting an age-neutral adult overweight standard or accept an age-adjusted overweight standard when recommending a constant level of physical activity over time.
KW  - abdominal fat
KW  - age
KW  - anthropometric dimensions
KW  - body measurements
KW  - body weight
KW  - exercise
KW  - food intake
KW  - guidelines
KW  - men
KW  - overweight
KW  - physical activity
KW  - running
KW  - weight gain
KW  - USA
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - anthropometric measurements
KW  - recommendations
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19971406606&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interactive effects of exercise, alcohol, and vegetarian diet on coronary artery disease risk factors in 9242 runners: The National Runners' Health Study.
AU  - Williams, P. T.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 66
IS  - 5
SP  - 1197
EP  - 1206
SN  - 0002-9165
AD  - Williams, P. T.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 934, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981404271.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 56 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - In a national survey, 199 male and 152 female vegetarian runners and 7054 male and 1837 female omnivorous runners provided data on weekly intakes of alcohol, red meat, fish, fruit, and weekly distance run. This information was compared with physician-supplied medical data to test 3 variables: whether running benefits vegetarians; whether alcohol and running distance contribute independently to concentrations of HDL cholesterol; and whether running mitigates the hypertensive effects of alcohol. Greater reported weekly distance run by vegetarians was associated with higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations (slopes±SEs for men and women, respectively: 0.003±0.001 and 0.005±0.002 (mmol/litre)/km) and lower waist (-0.06±0.02 and -0.08±0.02 cm/km), hip (-0.05±0.03 and -0.07±0.02 cm/km) and chest (-0.05±0.02 cm/km for both) circumferences. In men and women, alcohol and running distance contributed independently to higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Men who ran >72 km and drank >177 ml (6 oz) alcohol/week were 5 times more likely to have clinically defined high HDL cholesterol (>or= 1.55 mmol/litre or >or= 60 mg/100 ml) than were nondrinkers running <24 km/week. Regardless of running level, men's blood pressure increased in association with alcohol intake. These data suggest that running distance in vegetarians and vegans has the same increase in HDL cholesterol and decrease in adiposity as reported previously for omnivores. Alcohol and running distance contribute independently to higher HDL cholesterol and also running does not abate the hypertensive effects of alcohol in men. Vigorous exercise provides important health benefits beyond those obtained by diet.
KW  - alcohol intake
KW  - alcoholic beverages
KW  - anthropometric dimensions
KW  - beef
KW  - blood pressure
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - diet
KW  - effects
KW  - exercise
KW  - fish
KW  - fruit
KW  - health
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - meat
KW  - men
KW  - physical activity
KW  - risk factors
KW  - runners
KW  - running
KW  - sheepmeat
KW  - vegetarian diets
KW  - vegetarians
KW  - women
KW  - man
KW  - sheep
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Ovis
KW  - Bovidae
KW  - ruminants
KW  - Artiodactyla
KW  - alcohol consumption
KW  - anthropometric measurements
KW  - coronary diseases
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Diet Studies (VV110) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Clinical data sets to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase-resistant mutants explained by a mathematical model.
AU  - Stilianakis, N.
AU  - Boucher, C. A. B.
AU  - Jong, M. D. de
AU  - Leeuwen, R. van
AU  - Schuurman, R.
AU  - Boer, R. J. de
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
SP  - 161
EP  - 168
SN  - 0022-538X
AD  - Stilianakis, N.: Theoretical Division, Group T-10, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19972001538.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 36 ref. Registry Number: 9068-38-6, 63231-63-0, 30516-87-1. 
N2  - It was demonstrated in the model and in the data that the rebound of the HIV-1 RNA load in the case of zidovudine is due to the outgrowth of wild-type virus and the first drug-resistant mutant, whereas that in the case of lamivudine can only be due to the drug-resistant mutants. The evolution of drug resistance proceeds slower in the case of zidovudine because (i) zidovudine is not as effective as lamivudine and (ii) the first zidovudine drug-resistant mutant is competing with the rebounding wild-type virus.
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - clinical aspects
KW  - drug resistance
KW  - drugs
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - immune response
KW  - infection
KW  - inhibitors
KW  - latent infections
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - mutants
KW  - mutations
KW  - responses
KW  - reverse transcriptase
KW  - RNA
KW  - sets
KW  - T lymphocytes
KW  - treatment
KW  - zidovudine
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - AZT
KW  - clinical picture
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - immunity reactions
KW  - immunological reactions
KW  - latency
KW  - medicines
KW  - pharmaceuticals
KW  - ribonucleic acid
KW  - setts
KW  - T cells
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs (General) (HH400) 
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19972001538&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tempo and mode of nucleotide substitutions in gag and env gene fragments in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 populations with a known transmission history.
AU  - Leitner, T.
AU  - Kumar, S.
AU  - Albert, J.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 71
IS  - 6
SP  - 4761
EP  - 4770
SN  - 0022-538X
AD  - Leitner, T.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Group T-10, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87542, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19972005290.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 53 ref.
N2  - A unique and recently reported HIV-1 transmission cluster consisting of 9 infected individuals, for whom the direction and time for each transmission were exactly known, formed the basis for the analyses which were performed under a general model of nucleotide substitution using population sequences from the env V3 and p17 gag regions of the HIV-1 genome. Examination of 7 different substitution models by maximum-likelihood methods revealed that the fit of the general reversible (REV) model was significantly better than that of simpler models, indicating that it is important to account for the asymmetric substitution pattern of HIV-1 and that the nucleotide substitution rate varied significantly across sites. The shape parameter α, which describes the variation across sites by a γ distribution, was estimated to be 0.38 and 0.25 for env V3 and p17gag, respectively. In env V3, the estimated average transition/transversion rate ratio was 1.42. Thus, the REV model with variable rates across sites (described by a γ distribution) provides the best description of HIV-1 evolution, whereas simple models are unrealistic and inaccurate. It is likely that the accuracy of phylogenetic studies of HIV-1 and many other viruses would improve substantially by the use of more realistic nucleotide substitution models. This is especially true when attempts are made to estimate the age of distant viral ancestors from contemporary viral sequences.
KW  - gag gene
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - microbiology
KW  - nucleotides
KW  - populations
KW  - structural genes
KW  - transmission
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19972005290&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gastrointestinal absorption of plutonium by the Marshall Islanders.
AU  - Sun, L. C.
AU  - Meinhold, C. B.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 73
IS  - 1
SP  - 167
EP  - 175
SN  - 0017-9078
AD  - Sun, L. C.: department of Advanced Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981407378.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 80 ref. Registry Number: 7440-07-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The gastrointestinal absorption constant (f1) is a critical parameter in assessing systemic uptake following the ingestion of a radioactive material and in monitoring such intakes. This study addresses the latter, particularly for plutonium, and from environmental measurements derives an f1 value of 4 × 10-4 for the Marshallese population. The uncertainty associated with the methodology and measurements used in this f1 value assessment is evaluated. This evaluation takes into account the results from 24-h urine samples and the particular lifestyle of the Marshallese. Plutonium intake resulting from soil consumption is a primary parameter in this evaluation; for this study, it was assumed to be 500 mg/d. The f1 value determined here is consistent with the values in ICRP Publication 67 of 5×10-4 for ages 1 to adult, and is the same as that suggested by the NRPB.
KW  - absorption
KW  - intestinal absorption
KW  - lifestyle
KW  - plutonium
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - soil ingestion
KW  - urine
KW  - Marshall Islands
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Developing Countries
KW  - Micronesia
KW  - Oceania
KW  - Pacific Islands
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19981407378&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Membrane specific mapping and colocalization of malarial and host skeletal proteins in the Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocyte by dual-color near-field scanning optical microscopy.
AU  - Enderle, T.
AU  - Ha, T.
AU  - Ogletree, D. F.
AU  - Chemla, D. S.
AU  - Magowan, C.
AU  - Weiss, S.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 94
IS  - 2
SP  - 520
EP  - 525
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Enderle, T.: Molecular Design Institute, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19970802383.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 52 ref. Subject Subsets: Protozoology
N2  - A near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) was used to simultaneously map and detect co-localized proteins in human erythrocytes invaded by Plasmodium falciparum. Association of parasite proteins with host skeletal proteins leads to modification of the erythrocyte membrane, and co-localization studies of parasite proteins with an erythrocyte skeletal protein are reported. Host and parasite proteins were selectively labelled in indirect immunofluorescence antibody assays. Simultaneous dual-colour excitation and detection with NSOM provided fluorescence maps together with topography of the cell membrane with sub-wavelength (100 nm) resolution. Co-localization studies with laser scanning confocal microscopy provided lower resolution (310 nm) fluorescence maps of cross sections through the cell. Because the 2 excitation colours shared the exact same near-field aperture, the 2 fluorescence images were acquired in perfect pixel-by-pixel registry, free from the chromatic aberrations which contaminate laser scanning confocal microscopy measurements. Co-localization studies of the protein pairs of mature parasite-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (MESA) (parasite)/protein 4.1 (host) and P. falciparum histidine rich protein (PfHRP1) (parasite)/protein 4.1 (host) showed good real-space correlation for the MESA/protein 4.1 pair but relatively poor correlation for the PfHRP1/protein 4.1 pair. The data imply that NSOM provides high resolution information on in situ interactions between proteins in biological membranes.
KW  - antigens
KW  - cell membranes
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - host parasite relationships
KW  - immunofluorescence
KW  - localization
KW  - mapping
KW  - methodology
KW  - microscopy
KW  - parasites
KW  - proteins
KW  - resolution
KW  - scanning
KW  - techniques
KW  - man
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
KW  - protozoa
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Plasmodium
KW  - Plasmodiidae
KW  - Haemospororida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - blood red cells
KW  - cartography
KW  - fluorescent antibody technique
KW  - IFAT
KW  - immunogens
KW  - methods
KW  - parasite host relationships
KW  - red blood cells
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19970802383&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Combined effects of insulin treatment and adipose tissue-specific agouti expression on the development of obesity.
AU  - Mynatt, R. L.
AU  - Miltenberger, R. J.
AU  - Klebig, M. L.
AU  - Zemel, M. B.
AU  - Wilkinson, J. E.
AU  - Wilkison, W. O.
AU  - Woychik, R. P.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 94
IS  - 3
SP  - 919
EP  - 922
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Mynatt, R. L.: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8080, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19970102431.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 33 ref. Registry Number: 9004-10-8.  Subject Subsets: Agricultural Biotechnology; Animal Breeding; Human Nutrition
N2  - Previous studies have revealed that several dominant mutations at the agouti locus in mice cause the ectopic, ubiquitous expression of agouti, resulting in a condition similar to adult-onset obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The human agouti protein is 85% homologous to mouse agouti; however, unlike the mouse agouti gene, human agouti is normally expressed in adipose tissue. To address whether expression of agouti in human adipose tissue is physiologically relevant, transgenic mice were generated that expressed agouti in adipose tissue. Similar to most humans, these mice did not become obese or diabetic. However, when given daily insulin injections, the transgenic lines expressing agouti in adipose tissue showed a significantly increased weight gain. This effect was not found in control non-transgenic mice. It is suggested that insulin triggers the onset of obesity and that agouti expression in adipose tissue potentiates this effect.
KW  - adipose tissue
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - body fat
KW  - development
KW  - diabetes
KW  - diabetes mellitus
KW  - effects
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - genetically engineered organisms
KW  - insulin
KW  - metabolic disorders
KW  - obesity
KW  - transgenic animals
KW  - transgenics
KW  - treatment
KW  - weight gain
KW  - Cuniculus
KW  - mice
KW  - Cuniculidae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - agouti
KW  - fatness
KW  - genetically engineered animals
KW  - genetically modified animals
KW  - genetically modified organisms
KW  - GEOs
KW  - GMOs
KW  - metabolic diseases
KW  - transgenic organisms
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Animal Genetics (LL220) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19970102431&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Crystal structure of Lyme disease antigen outer surface protein A complexed with an Fab.
AU  - Li Hong
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - Luft, B. J.
AU  - Lawson, C. L.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 94
IS  - 8
SP  - 3584
EP  - 3589
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Li Hong: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 463, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19970502759.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 54 ref. Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - OspA (outer surface protein A) is an abundant immunogenic lipoprotein of the Lyme disease spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi. The crystal structure of a soluble recombinant form of OspA was solved in a complex with the Fab fragment of mouse monoclonal antibody 184.1 and refined to a resolution of 1.9 Å. OspA has a repetitive antiparallel β topology with an unusual nonglobular region of "freestanding" sheet connecting globular N- and C-terminal domains. Arrays of residues with alternating charges are a predominant feature of the folding pattern in the nonglobular region. The 184.1 epitope overlaps with a well conserved surface in the N-terminal domain, and a hydrophobic cavity buried in a positively charged cleft in the C-terminal domain is a potential binding site for an unknown ligand. An exposed variable region on the C-terminal domain of OspA is predicted to be an important factor in the worldwide effectiveness of OspA-based vaccines.
KW  - antigens
KW  - epitopes
KW  - ligands
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - molecular conformation
KW  - monoclonal antibodies
KW  - recombinant proteins
KW  - surface proteins
KW  - Borrelia burgdorferi
KW  - Borrelia
KW  - Spirochaetaceae
KW  - Spirochaetales
KW  - Spirochaetes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - antigenic determinants
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - bacterium
KW  - immunogens
KW  - membrane proteins
KW  - OspA
KW  - outer surface proteins
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Host Resistance and Immunity (HH600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19970502759&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Intracellular structures of normal and aberrant Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites imaged by soft X-ray microscopy.
AU  - Magowan, C.
AU  - Brown, J. T.
AU  - Liang, J.
AU  - Heck, J.
AU  - Coppel, R. L.
AU  - Mohandas, N.
AU  - Meyer-Ilse, W.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 94
IS  - 12
SP  - 6222
EP  - 6227
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Magowan, C.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19980801426.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 41 ref. Subject Subsets: Protozoology
N2  - Soft X-ray microscopy was used to investigate structural development of Plasmodium falciparum in normal and genetically abnormal erythrocytes and in infected erythrocytes treated with cysteine proteinase inhibitors. Investigations in normal erythrocytes enabled anomalies in parasite structures resulting from growth under unfavourable conditions to be recognized. X-ray microscopy facilitated detection of newly elaborated structures in the cytosol of fixed, unstained, intact erythrocytes, redistribution of mass (carbon) in infected erythrocytes, and aberrant parasite morphology. In cysteine proteinase inhibitor-treated, infected erythrocytes, high concentrations of material were detected in abnormal digestive vacuoles and aggregated at the parasite plasma membrane. It was shown that an abnormal host erythrocyte skeleton affects structural development of parasites and that this aberrant development can be detected in the following generation when parasites from protein 4.1-deficient erythrocytes infect normal erythrocytes.
KW  - cysteine proteinases
KW  - cytosol
KW  - development
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - inhibitors
KW  - malaria
KW  - microscopy
KW  - morphology
KW  - parasites
KW  - structures
KW  - X radiation
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
KW  - protozoa
KW  - Plasmodium
KW  - Plasmodiidae
KW  - Haemospororida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - abnormal erythrocytes
KW  - blood red cells
KW  - red blood cells
KW  - X rays
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
KW  - Anatomy, Morphology and Structure (General) (ZZ310) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19980801426&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular evolution and diversity in Bacillus anthracis as detected by amplified fragment length polymorphism markers.
AU  - Keim, P.
AU  - Kalif, A.
AU  - Schupp, J.
AU  - Hill, K.
AU  - Travis, S. E.
AU  - Richmond, K.
AU  - Adair, D. M.
AU  - Hugh-Jones, M.
AU  - Kuske, C. R.
AU  - Jackson, P.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 179
IS  - 3
SP  - 818
EP  - 824
SN  - 0021-9193
AD  - Keim, P.: Environmental Molecular Biology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19972205111.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science
KW  - antigenic variation
KW  - diversity
KW  - evolution
KW  - length
KW  - markers
KW  - polymorphism
KW  - restriction fragment length polymorphism
KW  - bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - antigenic polymorphism
KW  - bacterium
KW  - RFLP
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19972205111&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cell shape-dependent regulation of protein 4.1 alternative pre-mRNA splicing in mammary epithelial cells.
AU  - Schischmanoff, P. O.
AU  - Yaswen, P.
AU  - Parra, M. K.
AU  - Lee, G.
AU  - Chasis, J. A.
AU  - Mohandas, N.
AU  - Conboy, J. G.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 272
IS  - 15
SP  - 10254
EP  - 10259
SN  - 0021-9258
AD  - Schischmanoff, P. O.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Bldg. 74-157, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19970402428.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 42 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Dairy Science
N2  - Expression of the complex gene encoding multiple isoforms of structural protein 4.1 is regulated by alternative pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing. During erythropoiesis, developmental stage-specific inclusion of exon 16 generates protein 4.1 isoforms having a fully functional spectrin-actin binding domain. Normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) derived from reduction mammoplasty were grown in medium supplemented with epidermal growth factor, bovine pituitary extract, insulin, hydrocortisone, transferrin and isoproterenol. Tissue culture plates were coated with poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly-HEMA) 0.8 mg/cm². RNA was isolated by caesium chloride ultracentrifugation, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed and proteins were analysed by western blotting. It was demonstrated that HMEC, coincident with the dramatic morphological changes induced by altered culture conditions, exhibit a novel pre-mRNA splicing switch involving a new exon (exon 17B, 450 nucleotides) in the COOH-terminal coding region. 4.1 RNA expressed in proliferating HMEC adherent to culture dishes mostly excluded exon 17B, whereas 4.1 transcripts processed in non-dividing suspension cultures of HMEC strongly included this exon. This pre-mRNA splicing switch was reversible: cells transferred from poly-HEMA back to plastic resumed cell division and down-regulated exon 17B expression. More detailed studies revealed complex tissue-specific alternative splicing of exon 17B and another new exon 17A (51 nucleotides). The existence of multiple 4.1 protein isoforms with diverse COOH termini were predicted. It is suggested that regulation of gene expression during differentiation of epithelial cells is mediated by transcriptional mechanisms and by post-transcriptional processes such as alternative pre-mRNA splicing.
KW  - alternative splicing
KW  - cell cultures
KW  - cell lines
KW  - dna
KW  - epithelium
KW  - erythropoiesis
KW  - exons
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - messenger rna
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - protein
KW  - proteins
KW  - regulation
KW  - splicing
KW  - transcription
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - DNA transcription
KW  - mRNA
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19970402428&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Disruption of the murine lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase gene causes impairment of adrenal lipid delivery and up-regulation of scavenger receptor class B type I.
AU  - Ng, D. S.
AU  - Francone, O. L.
AU  - Forte, T. M.
AU  - Zhang JunLi
AU  - Haghpassand, M.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 272
IS  - 25
SP  - 15777
EP  - 15781
SN  - 0021-9258
AD  - Ng, D. S.: Human Genome Center, Life Sciences Division, M/S 74-157, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981402817.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5, 9031-14-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
KW  - adrenal glands
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - disruption
KW  - genes
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - lipid metabolism
KW  - lipids
KW  - phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase
KW  - steroid hormones
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - adrenals
KW  - fat metabolism
KW  - lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
KW  - lipins
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19981402817&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health risks of heterocyclic amines.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Malfatti, M. A.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Hopmans, E. C.
AU  - Wu, R. W.
JO  - Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 376
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 37
EP  - 41
SN  - 0027-5107
AD  - Felton, J. S.: Biology and Biotechnology Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-452, Livermore, CA, 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981406021.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - A review.
KW  - amines
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - cooking
KW  - health
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - mutagens
KW  - risk
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19981406021&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - HIV expression is induced in dying cells.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
AU  - Schreck, S.
AU  - Panozzo, J.
AU  - Chang-Liu, C. M.
AU  - Libertin, C. R.
JO  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Gene Structure and Expression
JF  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Gene Structure and Expression
Y1  - 1997///
VL  - 1351
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 105
EP  - 110
SN  - 0167-4781
AD  - Woloschak, G. E.: Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, Il 60439-4833, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19972004614.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 19 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2. 
N2  - Using HeLa cells stably transfected with an HIV-LTR-CAT construct, a peak in CAT induction that occurs in viable (but not necessarily cell-division-competent) cells 24 h following exposure to some cell-killing agents was demonstrated. Gamma rays were the only cell-killing agent that did not induce HIV transcription; this was attributed to the fact that gamma-ray-induced apoptotic death requires functional p53, which is not present in HeLa cells. For all other agents, HIV-LTR induction was dose-dependent and correlated with the amount of cell killing that occurred in the culture. Doses which caused over 99% cell killing induced HIV-LTR transcription maximally, demonstrating that cells that will go on to die by 14 days are the cells expressing HIV-LTR-CAT.
KW  - apoptosis
KW  - cells
KW  - death
KW  - DNA
KW  - gamma radiation
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - immunology
KW  - pathogenesis
KW  - transcription
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA transcription
KW  - gamma rays
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19972004614&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Genetic, metabolic, and dietary influences on the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
A2  - Simopoulos, A. P.
A2  - Nestel, P. J.
T2  - Genetic variation and dietary response.
Y1  - 1997///
CY  - Basel; Switzerland
PB  - S Karger AG
SN  - 3805563477
AD  - Krauss, R. M.: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981409169.  Publication Type: Book chapter.  Language: English.  Number of References: 110 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The genetic, metabolic and dietary influences on the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype are reviewed under the headings: physicochemical and metabolic heterogeneity of LDL and IDL; the small, dense LDL phenotype; LDL heterogeneity and the risk of coronary heart disease; in vitro studies of the atherogenic properties of LDL subfractions; and effects of lipid-lowering therapies on LDL subfractions.
KW  - diet
KW  - exercise
KW  - genetics
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - metabolism
KW  - phenotypes
KW  - reviews
KW  - risk factors
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - coronary diseases
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19981409169&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Statistical modelling and phylogenetic analysis of a deaminase domain.
AU  - Mian, I. S.
AU  - Moser, M. J.
AU  - Holley, W. R.
AU  - Chatterjee, A.
JO  - Journal of Computational Biology
JF  - Journal of Computational Biology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
SP  - 57
EP  - 72
CY  - Larchmont; USA
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
AD  - Mian, I. S.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013172401.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 75 ref. Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers; Crop Physiology; Nematology; Weeds; Plant Genetic Resources; Plant Breeding; Helminthology; Tropical Diseases
N2  - Deamination reactions are catalysed by a variety of enzymes including those involved in nucleoside/nucleotide metabolism and cytosine to uracil (C->U) and adenosine to inosine (A->I) mRNA editing. The active site of the deaminase (DM) domain in these enzymes contains a conserved histidine (or rarely cysteine), two cysteines and a glutamate proposed to act as a proton shuttle during deamination. Here, a statistical model, a hidden Markov model (HMM), of the DM domain has been created which identifies currently known DM domains and suggests new DM domains in viral, bacterial and eukaryotic proteins. (including proteins from vaccinia virus, variola virus, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Mycoplasma capricolum, Mycobacterium leprae, Arabidopsis thaliana, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris, Caenorhabditis elegans, Homosapiens, Mus musculus, Nicotiana tabacum, Rattus norvegicus, Schistosoma mansoni and Vigna radiata). However, no DM domains were identified in the currently predicted proteins from the archaeon Methanococcus jannaschii and possible causes for, and a potential means to ameliorate this situation are discussed. In some of the newly identified DM domains, the glutamate is changed to a residue that could not function as a proton shuttle and in one instance (Mus musculus spermatid protein TENR) the cysteines are also changed to lysine and serine. These may be non-competent DM domains able to bind but not act upon their substrate. Phylogenetic analysis using an HMM-generated alignment of DM domains reveals three branches with clear substructure in each branch. The results suggest DM domains that are candidates for yeast, platyhelminth, plant and mammalian C->U and A->I mRNA editing enzymes. Some bacterial and eukaryotic DM domains form distinct branches in the phylogenetic tree suggesting the existence of common, novel substrates.
KW  - deamination
KW  - enzymes
KW  - green gram
KW  - metabolism
KW  - models
KW  - mung beans
KW  - phylogenetics
KW  - tobacco
KW  - Arabidopsis thaliana
KW  - Beta vulgaris
KW  - Bradyrhizobium japonicum
KW  - Brassica campestris
KW  - Caenorhabditis elegans
KW  - man
KW  - Mus musculus
KW  - Mycobacterium leprae
KW  - Mycoplasma capricolum
KW  - Nicotiana
KW  - Nicotiana tabacum
KW  - Rattus norvegicus
KW  - Rhabditida
KW  - Schistosoma mansoni
KW  - Vigna radiata
KW  - Arabidopsis
KW  - Brassicaceae
KW  - Capparidales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Beta
KW  - Chenopodiaceae
KW  - Caryophyllales
KW  - Bradyrhizobium
KW  - Bradyrhizobiaceae
KW  - Rhizobiales
KW  - Alphaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Brassica
KW  - Caenorhabditis
KW  - Rhabditidae
KW  - Rhabditida
KW  - Chromadoria
KW  - Chromadorea
KW  - Nematoda
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - Mus
KW  - Murinae
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - Mycobacterium
KW  - Mycobacteriaceae
KW  - Corynebacterineae
KW  - Actinomycetales
KW  - Actinobacteridae
KW  - Actinobacteria
KW  - Mycoplasma
KW  - Mycoplasmataceae
KW  - Mycoplasmatales
KW  - Mollicutes
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Solanales
KW  - Nicotiana
KW  - Rattus
KW  - Schistosoma
KW  - Schistosomatidae
KW  - Digenea
KW  - Trematoda
KW  - Platyhelminthes
KW  - Vigna
KW  - Papilionoideae
KW  - Fabaceae
KW  - Fabales
KW  - bacterium
KW  - brown rat
KW  - Capparales
KW  - mung bean
KW  - nematodes
KW  - Norway rat
KW  - Secernentea
KW  - Strigeida
KW  - Field Crops (FF005) (New March 2000)
KW  - Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (FF060) 
KW  - Weeds and Noxious Plants (FF500) 
KW  - Soil Biology (JJ100) 
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050) 
KW  - Physiology and Biochemistry (Wild Animals) (YY400) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
KW  - Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms (ZZ394) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013172401&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risk management for plausibly hormetic environmental carcinogens: the case of radon.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
AU  - Layton, D. W.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
SP  - 463
EP  - 467
SN  - 0144-5952
AD  - Bogen, K. T.: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Health and Ecological Assessment Division L-396, University of California, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19982015118.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 18 ref. Registry Number: 10043-92-2.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - In this paper, both a linear-no-threshold (LNT) model and a biologically plausible hormetic model are used to predict risks of lung cancer mortality associated with residential radon exposure.
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - environment
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - exposure
KW  - lung cancer
KW  - models
KW  - mortality
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - radon
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cancers
KW  - death rate
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19982015118&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mechanistic model predicts a U-shaped relation of radon exposure to lung cancer risk reflected in combined occupational and US residential data.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 17
IS  - 12
SP  - 691
EP  - 696
SN  - 0144-5952
AD  - Bogen, K. T.: Health and Ecological Assessment Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19992002206.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 31 ref. Registry Number: 10043-92-2. 
N2  - A mechanistically based cytodynamic two-stage (CD2) cancer model has been shown to predict both ecological US county data and underground-miner data on lung-cancer mortality (LCM) versus radon concentration, indicating biological plausibility of the apparent negative dose-response relation exhibited by the ecological data. To further investigate this hypothesis, the CD2 model was fitted to combine age-specific LCM data versus estimated radon-exposure in white females of age >40 years in 2821 US counties during 1950-54 using new estimates of county-specific mean residential radon exposure and in 5 cohorts of underground non-smoking miners. The negative association of radon levels and corresponding county-level LCM rates apparent in women dying in 1950-54 (11% of whom never smoked) was also apparent in women of age >60 years (5% of whom never smoked). The CD2 fit obtained to the combined residential and occupational data was found to predict the combined data using biologically plausible parameter values and also to predict inverse dose-rate effects exhibited in non-smoking miner data to which the CD2 model was not fit. It is concluded that these results are consistent with the hypothesis that residential radon exposure has a non-linear U-shaped relation to LCM risk and that current linear extrapolation models substantially overestimate such risk.
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - human diseases
KW  - lung cancer
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - miners
KW  - mortality
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - occupational hazards
KW  - radiation
KW  - radon
KW  - USA
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - cancers
KW  - death rate
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Occupational Health and Safety (VV900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19992002206&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distribution and metabolism of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in female rats and their pups at dietary doses.
AU  - Mauthe, R. J.
AU  - Snyderwine, E. G.
AU  - Amit Ghoshal
AU  - Freeman, S. P. H. T.
AU  - Turteltaub, K. W.
JO  - Carcinogenesis
JF  - Carcinogenesis
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
SP  - 919
EP  - 924
SN  - 0143-3334
AD  - Mauthe, R. J.: Molecular and Structural Biology Division and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19980405300.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 47 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Dairy Science
N2  - The excretion of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and its metabolites into the milk of lactating rats and the ability of chlorophyllin, a food derivative with chemo-preventive properties, to affect these levels at low PhIP doses were investigated. Lactating female F344 rats (n=3/group) with suckling pups were orally administered 50, 500 and 1000 ng [14C]PhIP/kg body weight. Excretion of [14C]PhIP into milk and its distribution among the mammary tissue, liver and blood of the dam, as well as among stomach contents and liver of their pups was measured using accelerator mass spectrometry. PhIP, PhIP-4′-sulfate, 4′-hydroxy-PhIP and N²-hydroxy-PhIP-N³-glucuronide were found in milk at all doses of PhIP. Chlorophyllin (500 µg/kg) co-administration with PhIP (500 ng/kg) resulted in increased levels of [14C]PhIP in milk (32%) and stomach contents (35%) of the pups relative to rats not receiving chlorophyllin. In contrast, lower [14C]PhIP levels in the chlorophyllin-treated rats were observed in blood (47%) and mammary tissue (68%) of the dam, as well as the pup's liver tissue (37%) compared with rats receiving only PhIP. Chlorophyllin co-administration resulted in an increased amount of N²-hydroxy-PhIP-N³-glucuronide (42%), increased PhIP (79%) and decreased levels of PhIP-4′-sulfate (77%) relative to rats not receiving chlorophyllin. It is suggested that PhIP and PhIP metabolites are present in the milk of lactating rats at human dietary PhIP exposure levels and that PhIP is absorbed by the pup. Other dietary components can also affect the dosimetry of PhIP in suckling pups.
KW  - blood
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - excretion
KW  - foods
KW  - lactation
KW  - liver
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - mammary tissue
KW  - maternal transmission
KW  - metabolites
KW  - rat milk
KW  - stomach
KW  - suckling
KW  - toxicity
KW  - young animals
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chlorophyllin
KW  - mother to child transmission
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Milk and Dairy Produce (QQ010) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Animal Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (LL900) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19980405300&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Formation of pyromorphite in anglesite-hydroxyapatite suspensions under varying pH conditions.
AU  - Zhang, P.
AU  - Ryan, J. A.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 32
IS  - 21
SP  - 3318
EP  - 3324
SN  - 0013-936X
AD  - Zhang, P.: Sandia National Laboratories, Department of Geochemistry, MS 0750, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981916986.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 26 ref. Registry Number: 1306-06-5, 7439-92-1, 14265-44-2, 14808-79-8.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Addition of phosphate to lead [Pb(II)]-contaminated soil to immobilize soil Pb by formation of pyromorphite has been proposed as an alternative remediation technique. Lead sulfate (PbSO4, anglesite), a Pb-bearing form found in contaminated soils and wastes, was reacted with a synthetic phosphate mineral, hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3-OH], under constant pH (pH 2-7) and simulated gastric pH conditions (pH varied from 2 to 7 within 30 min) to assess the effects of reaction kinetics on the formation rate of chloropyromorphite and the solubility of Pb. Under constant pH condition, complete transformation of anglesite to chloropyromorphite, [Pb5(PO4)3Cl], was obtained at pH 4 and pH 5. At pH 6 and pH 7, the newly formed chloropyromorphite precipitated on the surface of undissolved apatite. The coverage of the apatite surface may reduce apatite dissolution rate and the transformation rate of Pb from anglesite to chloropyromorphite. Increasing the P:Pb ratio increased the transformation rate, but anglesite was still present after a 120-min reaction time. In the dynamic pH system, the added apatite was rapidly dissolved at the initial low pH, and complete transformation of anglesite to chloropyromorphite was obtained within 25 min. The soluble Pb level was controlled by the solubility of chloropyromorphite during the entire reaction process. These results demonstrate the effect of reaction kinetics on the formation rate of chloropyromorphite and the mechanisms controlling the solubilization of Pb in the anglesite-apatite system. Furthermore, they illustrate that a complete transformation of ingested anglesite to chloropyromorphite can be achieved under gastrointestinal tract pH conditions if sufficient phosphate is provided.
KW  - apatite
KW  - contamination
KW  - digestive tract
KW  - effects
KW  - formation
KW  - hydroxyapatite
KW  - ingestion
KW  - kinetics
KW  - lead
KW  - minerals
KW  - pH
KW  - phosphate
KW  - phosphates
KW  - polluted soils
KW  - remediation
KW  - soil
KW  - solubilization
KW  - sulfate
KW  - suspensions
KW  - transformation
KW  - wastes
KW  - gastrointestinal tract
KW  - hydrogen ion concentration
KW  - lead phosphates
KW  - lead sulfates
KW  - potential of hydrogen
KW  - pyromorphite
KW  - solubilizing
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
KW  - Human Nutrition (General) (VV100) 
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19981916986&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chromosome aberrations induced in mice by chronic feeding of 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ).
AU  - Ramsey, M. J.
AU  - Nagao, M.
AU  - Inoue, R.
AU  - Fujita, H.
AU  - Matsushima, T.
AU  - Tucker, J. D.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
SP  - 467
EP  - 474
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Ramsey, M. J.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, PO Box 808 L-452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981414121.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 55 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - CDF1 female mice were fed 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ) 400 mg/kg daily from 7 weeks of age. At 76 weeks of age, 5 control and 8 exposed mice were killed. Blood and bone marrow cells were obtained and arrested in metaphase. Whole chromosome painting probes were used for fluorescence in situ hybridization of metaphase cells from blood and bone marrow. MeIQ-exposed mice had a 2-fold increase in translocations and a 16-fold increase in fragments in peripheral blood compared with controls. No aberrations were observed in the bone marrow. All organs were examined for the presence of tumours and routine histopathological analysis was performed on all organs as well as any tissue with macroscopic abnormalities. Forestomach and or liver tumours developed in all but one of the mice fed MeIQ, but no such tumours were observed in the control mice. It is concluded that MeIQ is clastogenic and carcinogenic in vivo.
KW  - amines
KW  - blood cells
KW  - bone marrow cells
KW  - carcinogenesis
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - chromosome aberrations
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - clastogens
KW  - metaphase
KW  - mutagenesis
KW  - mutagens
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - tumours
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cancers
KW  - chromosome abnormalities
KW  - tumors
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heterocyclic amine content in restaurant-cooked hamburgers, steaks, ribs, and chicken.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Sinha, R.
AU  - Brown, E. D.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Levander, O. A.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Rothman, N.
JO  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 46
IS  - 11
SP  - 4648
EP  - 4651
SN  - 0021-8561
AD  - Knize, M. G.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991401179.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 19 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - As part of a comprehensive survey of the heterocyclic amine content of foods, hamburgers, steaks, and pork ribs were purchased from restaurants. Samples were pooled by meat type and cooking method and analysed for heterocyclic amine content using HPLC. Results showed detectable levels of heterocyclic amines in all samples, ranging from 0.5 ng/g 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine (PhIP) from a pooled sample of ribs to 20 ng/g total of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and PhIP from a sample pool of well-done charboiled beef burgers. Grilled chicken samples from fast-food restaurants, sandwiches or rotisserie-cooked chicken contained MeIQx and PhIP at combined levels of <2 ng/g. Compared to fast-food, meat products from this and previous studies, restaurant products are ~10-fold higher in heterocyclic amine content.
KW  - amines
KW  - beef
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - chicken meat
KW  - cooking
KW  - foods
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - HPLC
KW  - meat
KW  - mutagens
KW  - pigmeat
KW  - poultry
KW  - restaurants
KW  - steaks
KW  - USA
KW  - fowls
KW  - Gallus gallus
KW  - Gallus
KW  - Phasianidae
KW  - Galliformes
KW  - birds
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - chickens
KW  - domesticated birds
KW  - high performance liquid chromatography
KW  - pork
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19991401179&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Surface-enhanced Raman gene probe for HIV detection.
AU  - Isola, N. R.
AU  - Stokes, D. L.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, T.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
JF  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 70
IS  - 7
SP  - 1352
EP  - 1356
SN  - 0003-2700
AD  - Isola, N. R.: Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19982009531.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 13 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2. 
N2  - This report describes the use of surface-enhanced Raman (SERS)-active labels for primers used in polymerase chain reaction amplification of specific target DNA sequences. This method has the potential for combining the spectral selectivity and high sensitivity of the SERS technique with the inherent molecular specificity offered by DNA sequence hybridization. The effectiveness of the detection scheme is demonstrated using the gag gene sequence of HIV. The potential use of multiple probes for simultaneous detection of multiple biological targets is discussed.
KW  - amplification
KW  - detection
KW  - DNA
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - hybridization
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - techniques
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - PCR
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19982009531&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Plasmodium falciparum: influence of malarial and host erythrocyte skeletal protein interactions on phosphorylation in infected erythrocytes.
AU  - Magowan, C.
AU  - Liang, J.
AU  - Yeung, J.
AU  - Takakuwa, Y.
AU  - Coppel, R. L.
AU  - Mohandas, N.
JO  - Experimental Parasitology
JF  - Experimental Parasitology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 89
IS  - 1
SP  - 40
EP  - 49
SN  - 0014-4894
AD  - Magowan, C.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19980808546.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 36 ref. Subject Subsets: Protozoology
N2  - The identity of the 80 kDa phosphoprotein in Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes as protein 4.1 was confirmed. There was increased phosphorylation of protein 4.1 in infected erythrocytes compared with uninfected erythrocytes regardless of MESA (mature-parasite-infected erythrocyte surface antigen), knob or cytoadherence phenotype of the parasite. MESA was phosphorylated in infected erythrocytes that were totally deficient in protein 4.1.
KW  - antigens
KW  - cytoadherence
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - host parasite relationships
KW  - parasites
KW  - phosphoproteins
KW  - phosphorylation
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
KW  - protozoa
KW  - Plasmodium
KW  - Plasmodiidae
KW  - Haemospororida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - blood red cells
KW  - cell adhesion
KW  - immunogens
KW  - knobs
KW  - mature-parasite-infected erythrocyte surface antigen
KW  - parasite host relationships
KW  - red blood cells
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19980808546&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - PCR analysis of tissue samples from the 1979 Sverdlovsk anthrax victims: the presence of multiple Bacillus anthracis strains in different victims.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
AU  - Hugh-Jones, M. E.
AU  - Adair, D. M.
AU  - Green, G.
AU  - Hill, K. K.
AU  - Kuske, C. R.
AU  - Grinberg, L. M.
AU  - Abramova, F. A.
AU  - Keim, P.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 95
IS  - 3
SP  - 1224
EP  - 1229
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Jackson, P. J.: Environmental Molecular Biology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19982010167.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 22 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2. 
N2  - An outbreak of human anthrax occurred in Sverdlovsk, Union of Soviet Socialists Republic (now Ekaterinburg, Russia) in April 1979. Officials attributed this to consumption of contaminated meat, but Western governments believed it resulted from inhalation of spores accidentally released from a nearby military research facility. Tissue samples from 11 victims were obtained and methods of efficiently extracting high-quality total DNA from these samples were developed. Extracted DNA was analysed by using PCR to determine whether it contained Bacillus anthracis-specific sequences. Double PCR using "nested primers" increased sensitivity of the assay significantly. Tissue samples from 11 persons who died during the epidemic were examined. Results demonstrated that the entire complement of B. anthracis toxin and capsular antigen genes required for pathogenicity were present in tissues from each of these victims. Tissue from a vaccination site contained primarily nucleic acids from a live vaccine, although traces of genes from the infecting organisms were also present. PCR analysis using primers that detect the vrrA gene variable region on the B. anthracis chromosome demonstrated that at least four of the five known strain categories defined by this region were present in the tissue samples. Only one category is found in a single B. anthracis strain.
KW  - analysis
KW  - anthrax
KW  - antigens
KW  - DNA
KW  - epidemics
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - genes
KW  - human diseases
KW  - nucleic acids
KW  - outbreaks
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - samples
KW  - strains
KW  - toxins
KW  - vaccines
KW  - Russia
KW  - USSR
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - man
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - bacterium
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - immunogens
KW  - PCR
KW  - Russian Federation
KW  - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
KW  - Host Resistance and Immunity (HH600) 
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19982010167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - X-ray microscopic visualization of specific labeling of adhesive molecule CD36 and cytoadherence by Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes.
AU  - Yeung, J.
AU  - Brown, J. T.
AU  - Nair, A.
AU  - Meites, E.
AU  - Coppel, R. L.
AU  - Mohandas, N.
AU  - Meyer-Ilse, W.
AU  - Magowan, C.
JO  - Research Communications in Molecular Pathology and Pharmacology
JF  - Research Communications in Molecular Pathology and Pharmacology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 99
IS  - 3
SP  - 245
EP  - 258
AD  - Yeung, J.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19990800171.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 38 ref. Subject Subsets: Protozoology
N2  - The cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes to target cells that express CD36 was investigated by x-ray microscopy. Using immunogold beads enhanced with silver, CD36 was localized on the surface of intact melanoma cells and throughout Triton-extracted melanoma cells. The orientation of parasites within erythrocytes that bound to target cells and the interactions between the red cell membrane and the target cell were examined, and it was confirmed that fibrillar structures on the surface of melanoma and endothelial cells can be involved in the association between infected erythrocytes and melanoma cells or endothelial cells.
KW  - cell membranes
KW  - cells
KW  - cytoadherence
KW  - endothelium
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - host parasite relationships
KW  - localization
KW  - melanoma
KW  - microscopy
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - parasites
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
KW  - protozoa
KW  - Plasmodium
KW  - Plasmodiidae
KW  - Haemospororida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - adhesion molecules
KW  - blood red cells
KW  - cancers
KW  - CD36
KW  - cell adhesion
KW  - parasite host relationships
KW  - red blood cells
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19990800171&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of delayed viral production on viral dynamics in HIV-1 infected patients.
AU  - Mittler, J. E.
AU  - Sulzer, B.
AU  - Neumann, A. U.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Mathematical Biosciences
JF  - Mathematical Biosciences
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 152
IS  - 2
SP  - 143
EP  - 163
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc.
SN  - 0025-5564
AD  - Mittler, J. E.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013181401.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 18 ref.
N2  - We present and analyse a model for the interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with target cells that includes a time delay between initial infection and the formation of productively infected cells. Assuming that the variation among cells with respect to this 'intracellular' delay can be approximated by a gamma distribution, a high flexible distribution that can mimic a variety of biologically plausible delays, we provide analytical solutions for the expected decline in plasma virus concentration after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy with one or more protease inhibitors. We then use the model to investigate whether the parameters that characterize viral dynamics can be identified from biological data. Using non-linear least-squares regression to fit the model to simulated data in which the delays conform to a gamma distribution, we show that good estimates for free viral clearance rates, infected cell death rates, and parameters characterizing the gamma distribution can be obtained. For simulated data sets in which the delays were generated using other biologically plausible distributions, reasonably good estimates for viral clearance rates, infected cell death rates, and mean delay times can be obtained using the gamma-delay model. For simulated data sets that include added simulated noise, viral clearance rate estimates are not as reliable. If the mean intracellular delay is known, however, we show that reasonable estimates for the viral clearance rate can be obtained by taking the harmonic mean of viral clearance rate estimates from a group of patients.
KW  - apoptosis
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - pathogenesis
KW  - viral load
KW  - viral replication
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013181401&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemical warfare agents: estimating oral reference doses.
AU  - Opresko, D. M.
AU  - Young, R. A.
AU  - Faust, R. A.
AU  - Talmage, S. S.
AU  - Watson, A. P.
AU  - Ross, R. H.
AU  - Davidson, K. A.
AU  - King, J.
JO  - Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
JF  - Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 156
SP  - 1
EP  - 183
SN  - 0179-5953
SN  - 0387984836
AD  - Opresko, D. M.: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19992007342.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 23 pp of ref.
N2  - The physical and chemical properties of chemical warfare agents, and the signs, symptoms and mechanisms of toxicity, are reviewed. The methodology for deriving oral reference doses, toxicology, estimated reference dose, and the environmental fate of mustard agents, nerve agents, agent L (lewisite) and agent CK (cyanogen chloride), are discussed.
KW  - methodology
KW  - poisoning
KW  - reviews
KW  - toxic substances
KW  - toxicology
KW  - war
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - methods
KW  - poisons
KW  - toxicosis
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19992007342&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Emergence of drug resistance during an influenza epidemic: insights from a mathematical model.
AU  - Stilianakis, N. I.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
AU  - Hayden, F. G.
JO  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 177
IS  - 4
SP  - 863
EP  - 873
SN  - 0022-1899
AD  - Stilianakis, N. I.: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19982010522.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 32 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - A model was developed for the emergence of drug-resistant influenza viruses during a closed population influenza epidemic that occurs in a single wave. The model was used to consider several treatment and chemoprophylaxis strategies and to determine their effects on the spread of the infection. The model predicted frequent emergence and transmission of drug-resistant viruses with certain treatment scenarios. According to the model, chemoprophylaxis of susceptible persons (without treatment of those who are symptomatic) may be the best way to reduce the force of an epidemic and to keep development of drug resistance low. The model predictions indicated that the relative transmissibility of resistant variants compared with wild type virus and the choice of the treatment or chemoprophylaxis strategy can be decisive for the spread of drug-resistant viruses-a feature that may be crucial in a pandemic.
KW  - chemoprophylaxis
KW  - disease transmission
KW  - drug resistance
KW  - drug therapy
KW  - epidemics
KW  - human diseases
KW  - influenza
KW  - influenza viruses
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - prediction
KW  - prophylaxis
KW  - viral diseases
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Orthomyxoviridae
KW  - negative-sense ssRNA viruses
KW  - ssRNA viruses
KW  - RNA viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - flu
KW  - Influenzavirus
KW  - viral infections
KW  - Pesticide and Drug Resistance (HH410) 
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19982010522&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structural organization of virulence-associated plasmids of Yersinia pestis.
AU  - Ping Hu
AU  - Elliott, J.
AU  - McCready, P.
AU  - Skowronski, E.
AU  - Garnes, J.
AU  - Kobayashi, A.
AU  - Brubaker, R. R.
AU  - Garcia, E.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 180
IS  - 19
SP  - 5192
EP  - 5202
SN  - 0021-9193
AD  - Ping Hu: Human Genome Center, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19990501101.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 61 ref. Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - The complete nucleotide sequence and gene organization of the 3 virulence plasmids from Y. pestis KIM5 were determined. Plasmid pPCP1 (9610 bp) has a GC content of 45.3% and encodes 2 previously known virulence factors, an associated protein, and a single copy of IS100. Plasmid pCD1 (70 504 bp) has a GC content of 44.8%. It is known to encode a number of essential virulence determinants, regulatory functions, and a multiprotein secretory system comprising the low-calcium response stimulation that is shared with the other 2 Yersinia species pathogenic for humans (Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. enterocolitica). A new pseudogene, which occurs as an intact gene in the Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis-derived analogues, was found in pCD1. It corresponds to that encoding the lipoprotein YlpA. Several intact and partial insertion sequences and/or transposons were also found in pCD1, as well as 6 putative structural genes with high homology to proteins of unknown function in other yersiniae. The sequences of the genes involved in the replication of pCD1 are highly homologous to those of the cognate plasmids in Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. enterocolitica, but their localization within the plasmid differs markedly from those of the latter. Plasmid pMT1 (100 984 bp) has a GC content of 50.2%. It possesses 2 copies of IS100, which are located 25 kb apart and in opposite orientations. Adjacent to one of these IS100 inserts is a partial copy of IS285. A single copy of an IS200-like element (recently named IS1541) was also located in pMT1. In addition to 5 previously described genes, such as murine toxin, capsule antigen, capsule anchoring protein etc., 30 homologues to genes of several bacterial species were found in this plasmid, and another 44 open reading frames without homology to any known or hypothetical protein in the databases were predicted. The EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ accession numbers for the new nucleotide sequences are AF053945-AF053947.
KW  - amino acid sequences
KW  - genes
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - plasmid vectors
KW  - plasmids
KW  - proteins
KW  - transposable elements
KW  - Yersinia enterocolitica
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - cloning
KW  - DNA insertion elements
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - insertion elements
KW  - insertion sequences
KW  - mobile genetic elements
KW  - mobile sequences
KW  - protein sequences
KW  - transposons
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19990501101&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemical analysis and significance of heterocyclic aromatic amines.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Pais, P.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
JO  - Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung. A, Food Research and Technology
JF  - Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung. A, Food Research and Technology
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 207
IS  - 6
SP  - 434
EP  - 440
AD  - Felton, J. S.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991400837.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 62 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - A model system of the formation of heterocyclic amines was developed to simulate the dry reactions that occur at the meat surface. Mixtures of free amino acids, creatinine and glucose, simulating the composition of beef or chicken, were heated at 200°C and 8 heterocyclic amines were formed. This experiment is reviewed in terms of consumption of heterocyclic amines by dietary intake and risk of carcinogenesis.
KW  - amines
KW  - analysis
KW  - carcinogenesis
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - cooking
KW  - genotoxicity
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - meat
KW  - meat products
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - reviews
KW  - risk
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cancers
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19991400837&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Surface-enhanced Raman detection of nicotinamide in vitamin tablets.
AU  - Pal, T.
AU  - Narayanan, V. A.
AU  - Stokes, D. L.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, T.
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 368
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 21
EP  - 28
SN  - 0003-2670
AD  - Pal, T.: Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981416801.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 28 ref. Registry Number: 98-92-0, 54-11-5, 59-67-6.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Nicotinamide is analysed quantitatively in vitamin tablets using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on a silver-coated alumina substrate. A calibration curve of SERS signal intensity versus concentration of nicotinamide was established for quantitative analysis of this compound at concentrations of parts per million (ppm). SERS spectra of related compounds, nicotine, nicotinic acid, isonicotinic acid, and isonicotinamide were also recorded. Salient features of their spectra are compared and discussed.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - detection
KW  - nicotinamide
KW  - nicotine
KW  - nicotinic acid
KW  - vitamins
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - niacin
KW  - niacinamide
KW  - Human Nutrition (General) (VV100) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19981416801&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - On-line coupling of polymerase chain reaction and capillary electrophoresis for automatic DNA typing and HIV-1 diagnosis.
AU  - Zhang, N. Y.
AU  - Yeung, E. S.
A2  - Issaq, H. J.
JO  - Journal of Chromatography, B. Biomedical Sciences and Applications
JF  - Journal of Chromatography, B. Biomedical Sciences and Applications
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 714
IS  - 1
SP  - 3
EP  - 11
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science B.V.
SN  - 0378-4347
AD  - Zhang, N. Y.: Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043093824.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 43 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - We demonstrate an integrated on-line system with a fused-silica capillary as the microreactor for PCR and capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection for DNA typing and disease diagnosis. Two applications have been investigated: the four short tandem repeat (STR) loci vWA, THO1, TPOX and CSF1PO (CTTv) for DNA typing, and DNA probe for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) diagnosis. The CTTv are important loci in forensic and genetic linkage analysis. The PCR technique is a powerful tool in HIV research because it can detect the presence of the virus before any antibody response in the infected person. Thus it is important for early diagnosis. Multiplexed PCR in a fused-silica capillary, on-line injection, DNA denaturation and calibration based on a standard ladder have been successfully combined. Also, on-line liquid flow management, DNA separation and detection have been completely integrated.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - capillary electrophoresis
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - diagnostic techniques
KW  - DNA
KW  - DNA probes
KW  - genetic analysis
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - techniques
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - PCR
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Diagnosis of Human Disease (VV720) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043093824&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Genetic engineering: principles and methods. Volume 20.
AU  - Kado, C. I.\Reuter, I.\Werner, T.\Wingender, E.\Hansen, M. S. T.\Carteau, S.\Hoffman, C.\Li Ling\Li, L.\Bushman, F.\Bunnell, S. C.\Berg, L. J.\Blanchard, A.\Kwok PuiYan\Kwok, P. Y.\Chen XiangNing\Chen, X. N.\Gomer, R. H.\Sweeney, R.\Fan, Q. C.\Fan QiChang\Yao, M. C.\Yao MengChao\Nelson, D. E.\Shen, B.\Shen Bo\Bohnert, H. J.\Preiss, J.\Sivak, M. N.\Lacomme, C.\Smolenska, L.\Wilson, T. M. A.\Shiloh, Y.\Bar-Shira, A.\Galanty, Y.\Ziv, Y.\Loeber, G.\Schnitzer, R.\Haudenschild, C. D.\Croteau, R. B.
A2  - Setlow, J. K.
T2  - Genetic engineering: principles and methods. Volume 20.
Y1  - 1998///
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Plenum Publishing Corporation
SN  - 0306459116
AD  - Correspondence address: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19981613621.  Publication Type: Book.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 9005-25-8.  Subject Subsets: Plant Breeding; Agricultural Biotechnology; Animal Breeding
N2  - The chapters of this multiauthor book discuss: Agrobacterium-mediated horizontal gene transfer (by C. I. Kado); computer-assisted methods for identifying and characterizing polymerase II promoters (I. Reuter, T. Werner and E. Wingender); retroviral cDNA integration (M. S. T. Hansen, S. Carteau, C. Hoffman, L. Li and F. Bushman); signal transduction of motion and antigen recognition, and factors affecting T cell function and differentiation (S. C. Bunnell and L. J. Berg); synthetic DNA arrays (A. Blanchard); detecting single nucleotide variations (P. Y. Kwok and X. N. Chen); antisense technology for studying cells and development in Dictyostelium (R. H. Gomer); ribosomes as vehicles for antisense RNA (R. Sweeney, Q. C. Fan and M. C. Yao); mechanisms, models and genetic engineering of salinity tolerance (D. E. Nelson, B. Shen and H. J. Bohnert); biochemistry, molecular biology and regulation of starch synthesis (J. Preiss and M. N. Sivak); genetic engineering and expression of foreign peptides or proteins with plant virus-based vectors (C. Lacomme, L. Smolenska and T. M. A. Wilson); cloning and expression of large mammalian cDNAs - the ATM gene (Y. Shiloh, A. Bar-Shira, Y. Galanty and Y. Ziv); the use of genetically engineered cells in drug discovery (G. Loeber and R. Schnitzer); and molecular engineering of monoterpene production (C. D. Haudenschild and R. B. Croteau).
KW  - antigens
KW  - antisense RNA
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - biological development
KW  - biosynthesis
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - cells
KW  - complementary DNA
KW  - computer techniques
KW  - drugs
KW  - genetic engineering
KW  - genetic transformation
KW  - genetic vectors
KW  - metabolism
KW  - models
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - monoterpenes
KW  - mutations
KW  - plant viruses
KW  - promoters
KW  - regulation
KW  - retroviral vectors
KW  - ribosomes
KW  - salinity
KW  - salt tolerance
KW  - starch
KW  - T lymphocytes
KW  - Dictyostelium
KW  - mammals
KW  - Rhizobium
KW  - viruses
KW  - Dictyosteliales
KW  - Myxomycota
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - Rhizobiaceae
KW  - Rhizobiales
KW  - Alphaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Agrobacterium
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - bacterium
KW  - cDNA
KW  - cloning vectors
KW  - computer applications
KW  - Dictyosteliaceae
KW  - genetic manipulation
KW  - immunogens
KW  - medicines
KW  - pharmaceuticals
KW  - polymerase II
KW  - promoter region
KW  - promoter sequences
KW  - T cells
KW  - viruses of plants
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Plant Breeding and Genetics (FF020) 
KW  - Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (FF060) 
KW  - Environmental Tolerance of Plants (FF900) 
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Animal Genetics (LL220) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Functional culture models to study mechanisms governing apoptosis in normal and malignant mammary epithelial cells.
AU  - Weaver, V. M.
AU  - Bissell, M. J.
JO  - Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia
JF  - Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
SP  - 193
EP  - 201
AD  - Weaver, V. M.: Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20000403763.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 57 ref. Subject Subsets: Dairy Science
N2  - Mammary tissue homeostasis depends upon dynamic interactions between the epithelial cells, their microenvironment (including the basement membrane and the stroma), and the tissue architecture, which influence each other reciprocally to regulate growth, death and differentiation in the gland. To study how apoptosis is regulated in normal mammary cells, and to understand its role in breast tumour pathogenesis, model systems that recapitulate breast tissue architecture and microenvironment in culture are required. Culture models of primary and established non-malignant mammary cell lines from rodents and humans, and defined procedures to study how cell and tissue architecture affect signalling by the basement membrane are outlined. A basement membrane and an organized tissue structure are required to achieve sustained mammary cell survival. These models could be used to investigate how the basement membrane represses apoptosis in normal cells, and how breast cancers become death-resistant.
KW  - apoptosis
KW  - breast cancer
KW  - cell lines
KW  - homeostasis
KW  - involution
KW  - mammary gland neoplasms
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - mammary tissue
KW  - models
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - reviews
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cancers
KW  - mammary tumour
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - DNA and protein adduct formation in the colon and blood of humans after exposure to a dietary-relevant dose of 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine.
AU  - Dingley, K. H.
AU  - Curtis, K. D.
AU  - Nowell, S.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Lang, N. P.
AU  - Turteltaub, K. W.
JO  - Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
JF  - Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
SP  - 507
EP  - 512
SN  - 1055-9965
AD  - Dingley, K. H.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001408707.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 41 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Accelerator mass spectrometry was used to establish whether DNA and protein adducts can be detected in humans exposed to a quantity of 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) comparable with levels of exposure that occur in the diet. Five human volunteers were administered a dietary-relevant dose of [14C]PhIP (70-84 µg) 48-72 h before surgery for removal of colon tumours. Blood samples were collected at various time points, and albumin, haemoglobin, and WBC DNA were extracted for analysis by accelerator mass spectrometry. Tissue samples were collected during surgery and used to assess either tissue available doses of [14C]PhIP or adduct levels. The results of this study show: (a) PhIP is activated to a form that will bind to albumin, haemoglobin, and WBC DNA in peripheral blood. WBC DNA adducts were unstable and declined substantially over 24 h; (b) PhIP is bioavailable to the colon, with levels in normal tissue in the range 42-122 pg PhIP/g tissue; and (c) PhIP binds to both protein and DNA in the colon. DNA adduct levels in the normal tissue were 35-135 adducts/1012 nucleotides, which was significantly lower than tumour tissue. The results of this study demonstrate that PhIP is bioavailable to the human colon following defined dietary-relevant doses and forms DNA and protein adducts.
KW  - amines
KW  - aromatic compounds
KW  - availability
KW  - blood
KW  - blood chemistry
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - colon
KW  - colon cancer
KW  - diet
KW  - DNA
KW  - haemoglobin
KW  - leukocytes
KW  - mass spectrometry
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - nucleotides
KW  - surgery
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - aromatics
KW  - cancers
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - hemoglobin
KW  - leucocytes
KW  - white blood cells
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
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DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Improved estimates for HIV-1 clearance rate and intracellular delay.
AU  - Mittler, J. E.
AU  - Markowitz, M.
AU  - Ho, D. D.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
T2  - AIDS
JO  - AIDS
JF  - AIDS
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 13
IS  - 11
SP  - 1415
EP  - 1417
SN  - 0269-9370
AD  - Mittler, J. E.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19992011703.  Publication Type: Correspondence.  Language: English.  Number of References: 15 ref.
KW  - dynamics
KW  - half life
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - pathogenesis
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19992011703&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Occupational allergy to animals.
AU  - Seward, J. P.
A2  - Langley, R. L.
JO  - Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews
JF  - Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
SP  - 285
EP  - 303
SN  - 0885-114X
SN  - 1560532866
AD  - Seward, J. P.: Health Services Department L-723, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20002206443.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 130 ref. Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science
KW  - allergens
KW  - allergic reactions
KW  - allergies
KW  - anaphylaxis
KW  - arthropod allergies
KW  - atopy
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - disease prevalence
KW  - occupational hazards
KW  - respiratory diseases
KW  - reviews
KW  - skin diseases
KW  - skin tests
KW  - treatment
KW  - cats
KW  - dogs
KW  - guineapigs
KW  - mice
KW  - rabbits
KW  - rats
KW  - Felis
KW  - Felidae
KW  - Fissipeda
KW  - carnivores
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Canis
KW  - Canidae
KW  - Cavia
KW  - Caviidae
KW  - rodents
KW  - Muridae
KW  - Leporidae
KW  - Lagomorpha
KW  - anaphylactic reactions
KW  - anaphylactic shock
KW  - dermatoses
KW  - guinea pigs
KW  - intradermal tests
KW  - lung diseases
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Pets and Companion Animals (LL070) 
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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Benchmarking of the saturated-zone module associated with three risk assessment models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS.
AU  - Whelan, G.
AU  - McDonald, J. P.
AU  - Gnanapragasam, E. K.
AU  - Laniak, G. F.
AU  - Lew, C. S.
AU  - Mills, W. B.
AU  - Yu, C.
JO  - Environmental Engineering Science
JF  - Environmental Engineering Science
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
SP  - 67
EP  - 80
AD  - Whelan, G.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991910235.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 10 ref. Registry Number: 7440-14-4, 7440-61-1.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Comprehensive benchmarking was performed between three multimedia risk assessment models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS. Each multimedia model comprises a suite of modules (e.g. groundwater, air, surface water, exposure, and risk/hazard), all of which can impact the estimation of the human health risk. As a component of the comprehensive benchmarking exercise, the saturated-zone modules of each model were applied to an environmental release scenario, where 234U was released from the waste site to a saturated zone. Uranium-234 time-varying emission rates exiting from the source and concentrations at three downgradient locations (0, 150, and 1500 m) were compared for each multimedia model. Time-varying concentrations for 234U decay products at the 1500-m location are also presented. Different results reported for RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS are solely due to the assumptions and mathematical constructs inherently built into each model, thereby impacting the potential risks predicted by each model. Although many differences were identified between the models, differences that impacted these benchmarking results the most are: (1) RESRAD transports its contaminants by pure translation, and MMSOILS and MEPAS solve the one-dimensional advective, three-dimensional dispersive equation; (2) due to the manner in which the retardation factor is defined, RESRAD contaminant velocities will always be faster than MMSOILS or MEPAS for long-lived contaminants; (3) RESRAD uses a dilution factor to account for a withdrawal well; MMSOILS and MEPAS were designed to calculate in situ concentrations at a receptor location; and (4) RESRAD allows for decay products to travel at different velocities, while MEPAS assumes the decay products travel at the same speed as their parents. MMSOILS does not account for decay products and assumes degradation/decay only in the aqueous phase.
KW  - air
KW  - assessment
KW  - contaminants
KW  - dispersion
KW  - emission
KW  - exposure
KW  - groundwater
KW  - isotopes
KW  - models
KW  - pollutants
KW  - public health
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - radium
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - surface water
KW  - transport processes
KW  - uranium
KW  - waste disposal
KW  - wastes
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - soil transport processes
KW  - transport processes in soil systems
KW  - Freshwater and Brackish Water (PP210) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
KW  - Soil Physics (JJ300) 
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Benchmarking of the vadose-zone module associated with three risk assessment models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS.
AU  - Whelan, G.
AU  - McDonald, J. P.
AU  - Gnanapragasam, E. K.
AU  - Laniak, G. F.
AU  - Lew, C. S.
AU  - Mills, W. B.
AU  - Yu, C.
JO  - Environmental Engineering Science
JF  - Environmental Engineering Science
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
SP  - 81
EP  - 91
AD  - Whelan, G.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991910236.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 18 ref. Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - The results are presented of a benchmarking between the multimedia risk assessment models RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS. Each multimedia model is comprised of a suite of modules (e.g. groundwater, air, surface water, exposure, and risk/hazard), all of which can impact the estimation of human health risk. As a component of the bench-marking exercise, the vadose-zone modules of each model were applied to an environmental release scenario, where 238U was released from the waste site to a vadose zone with two layers. Time-varying emission rates, exiting the source and each of the layers, were compared. Different results are reported for RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS, which are solely due to the assumptions and mathematical constructs inherently built into each model, thereby impacting the potential risks predicted by each model. RESRAD transports its contaminants by pure translation (i.e. plug flow), and MMSOILS and MEPAS transport contaminants by solving the one-dimensional advective-dispersive equation. Because of the plug-flow assumption, RESRAD generally predicts higher emission rates (and, hence, concentrations). In addition, because of assumptions in the way each model calculates pore-water velocity, RESRAD travel times will always be shorter than MMSOILS, which will always be shorter than MEPAS. Shorter or longer travel times could have a profound impact for contaminants that exhibit significant degradation/decay.
KW  - air
KW  - assessment
KW  - comparisons
KW  - contaminants
KW  - convection
KW  - degradation
KW  - dispersion
KW  - emission
KW  - exposure
KW  - flow
KW  - groundwater
KW  - models
KW  - pollutants
KW  - public health
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - surface water
KW  - waste disposal
KW  - wastes
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - Freshwater and Brackish Water (PP210) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
KW  - Soil Physics (JJ300) 
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
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DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Potential for advanced technology to improve air quality and human health in Shanghai.
AU  - Streets, D. G.
AU  - Hedayat, L.
AU  - Carmichael, G. R.
AU  - Arndt, R. L.
AU  - Carter, L. D.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
SP  - 279
EP  - 295
SN  - 0364-152X
AD  - Streets, D. G.: Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19992009096.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref. Registry Number: 7704-34-9, 7446-09-5.  Subject Subsets: Tropical Diseases
N2  - This paper addresses the city of Shanghai, China, the air-quality problems it faces over the next 30 years, and the potential of advanced technology to alleviate these problems. Population, energy consumption, and emission profiles are developed for the city at 0.1°× 0.1° resolution and extrapolated from 1990 to 2020 using sector-specific economic growth factors. Within the context of the RAINS-Asia model, 8 technology scenarios are examined for their effects on ambient concentrations of sulfur dioxide and sulfate and their emission control costs. Without new control measures, it is projected that the number of people exposed to sulfur dioxide concentrations in excess of guidelines established by the World Health Organization will rise from 650 000 in 1990 to more than 14 million in 2020. It is apparent that efforts to reduce emissions are likely to have significant health benefits, measured in terms of the cost of reducing the number of people exposed to concentrations in excess of the guidelines ($10-50 annually per person protected). Focusing efforts on the control of new coal-fired power plants and industrial facilities has the greatest benefit. However, none of the scenarios examined is alone capable of arresting the increases in emissions, concentrations, and population exposure. It is concluded that combinations of stringent scenarios in several sectors will be necessary to stabilize the situation, at a potential cost of $500 million annually by the year 2020.
KW  - air pollution
KW  - air quality
KW  - control
KW  - control methods
KW  - costs
KW  - energy consumption
KW  - exposure
KW  - models
KW  - sulfur
KW  - sulfur dioxide
KW  - technology
KW  - urban areas
KW  - WHO
KW  - China
KW  - Shanghai
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developing Countries
KW  - East Asia
KW  - Asia
KW  - Eastern China
KW  - China
KW  - atmospheric pollution
KW  - costings
KW  - elemental sulphur
KW  - energy use
KW  - energy utilization
KW  - People's Republic of China
KW  - sulphur
KW  - sulphur dioxide
KW  - World Health Organization
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
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DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transformation of Pb(II) from cerrusite to chloropyromorphite in the presence of hydroxyapatite under varying conditions of pH.
AU  - Zhang PengChu
AU  - Ryan, J. A.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
SP  - 625
EP  - 630
SN  - 0013-936X
AD  - Zhang PengChu: Sandia National Laboratories, Geochemistry Department, MS 0750, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991903278.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 30 ref. Registry Number: 1306-06-5, 7439-92-1, 7723-14-0.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - The soluble Pb concentration and formation of chloropyromorphite [Pb5(PO4)3Cl] were monitored during the reaction of cerrusite (PbCO3), a highly bioavailable soil Pb species, and hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3OH] at various P/Pb molar ratios under constant and dynamic pH conditions. Under pH-constant systems at pH 4 and below, the dissolution rates of both cerrusite and apatite were rapid, and complete conversion of cerrusite to chloropyromorphite occurred within 60 min when the amount of phosphate added via apatite was stoichiometrically equal to that needed to transform all added Pb into chloropyromorphite. The concentration of soluble Pb depended upon the solubility of chloropyromorphite. The dissolution rates of apatite and cerrusite decreased with increasing pH, and the transformation was incomplete at pH 5 and above in the 60-min reaction period. The soluble Pb level was therefore determined by the solubility of cerrusite. In the pH-dynamic system, which simulated the gastrointestinal tract, a complete transformation of Pb from cerrusite to chloropyromorphite was achieved due to the complete dissolution of apatite and cerrusite at the initial low pH. In both the constant and dynamic pH systems XRD [X-ray diffraction] analysis indicated that chloropyromorphite was the exclusive reaction product. The differences in transformation rate and the Pb solubility between the constant and dynamic pH systems indicate the significance of kinetics in controlling the bioavailability of Pb and the potential for the reaction to occur during ingestion.
KW  - apatite
KW  - bioavailability
KW  - digestive tract
KW  - hydroxyapatite
KW  - lead
KW  - nonclay minerals
KW  - pH
KW  - phosphorus
KW  - polluted soils
KW  - soil ingestion
KW  - soil pollution
KW  - soil types
KW  - transformation
KW  - cerrusite
KW  - gastrointestinal tract
KW  - hydrogen ion concentration
KW  - potential of hydrogen
KW  - pyromorphite
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Soil Physics (JJ300) 
KW  - Human Nutrition (General) (VV100) 
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DB  - lhh
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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radionuclides and trace elements in fish collected upstream and downstream of Los Alamos National Laboratory and the doses to humans from the consumption of muscle and bone.
AU  - Fresquez, P. R.
AU  - Kraig, D. H.
AU  - Mullen, M. A.
AU  - Naranjo, L., Jr.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
SP  - 885
EP  - 899
AD  - Fresquez, P. R.: Environmental, Safety and Health Division, M887, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991415498.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 39 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Radionuclide and trace element concentrations in bottom-feeding fish (catfish, carp, and suckers) collected from the confluences of some of the major canyons that cross Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) lands with the Rio Grande (RG) and the potential radiological doses from the ingestion of these fish, were determined. Samples of muscle and bone (and viscera in some cases) were analysed for ³H, 90Sr, 137Cs, totU, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, and 241Am and Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cr, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Tl. Most radionuclides, with the exception of 90Sr, in the muscle plus bone portions of fish collected from LANL canyons/RG were not higher from fish collected upstream (San Ildefonso/background) of LANL. Strontium-90 in fish muscle plus bone tissue increased (P<0.05) in concentration starting from Los Alamos Canyon, the most upstream confluence (fish contained 3.4 × 10-2 pCi/g or 126 × 10-2 Bq/kg), to Frijoles Canyon, the most downstream confluence (fish contained 14 × 10-2 pCi/g or 518 × 10-2 Bq/kg). Differences in 90Sr concentrations in fish collected downstream and upstream (background) of LANL, however, were very small. Based on the average concentrations (±2SD) of radionuclides in fish tissue from the four LANL confluences, the committed effective dose equivalent from the ingestion of 46 lb (21 kg) (maximum ingestion rate per person per year) of fish muscle plus bone, after the subtraction of background, was 0.1 ± 0.1 mrem y-1 (1.0 ± 1.0 µSv y-1), and was far below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (all pathway) permissible dose limit of 100 mrem y-1 (1000 µSv y-1). Of the trace elements that were found above the limits of detection (Ba, Cu, and Hg) in fish muscle collected from the confluences of canyons that cross LANL and the RG, none were in significantly higher concentrations than in muscle of fish collected from background locations.
KW  - bones
KW  - fish
KW  - food contamination
KW  - muscles
KW  - protection
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - trace elements
KW  - USA
KW  - carp
KW  - man
KW  - Cyprinus
KW  - Cyprinidae
KW  - Cypriniformes
KW  - Osteichthyes
KW  - fishes
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - aquatic organisms
KW  - aquatic animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - food contaminants
KW  - microelements
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Aquatic Produce (QQ060) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence that lipid hydroperoxides inhibit plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity.
AU  - Bielicki, J. K.
AU  - Forte, T. M.
JO  - Journal of Lipid Research
JF  - Journal of Lipid Research
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
SP  - 948
EP  - 954
SN  - 0022-2275
AD  - Bielicki, J. K.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division 1-213, University of California at Berkeley, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991411885.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 39 ref. Registry Number: 9031-14-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - In this study, molecular species of oxidized lipids that are potent inhibitors of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase [LCAT; phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase] activity were identified. Treatment of LDL with soyabean lipoxygenase generated small quantities of lipid hydroperoxides (20 ± 4 nmol/mg LDL protein, n = 3); but when lipoxygenase-treated LDL (1 mg protein/ml) was recombined with the d > 1.063 g/ml fraction of human plasma, LCAT activity was rapidly inhibited (25 ± 4 and 65 ± 16% reductions by 1 and 3 h, respectively). As phospholipid hydroperoxides (PL-OOH) are the principal oxidation products associated with lipoxygenase-treated LDL, we directly tested whether PL-OOH inhibited plasma LCAT activity. Detailed dose-response curves revealed that as little as 0.2 and 1.0 mole % enrichment of plasma with PL-OOH produced 20 and 50% reductions in LCAT activity by 2 h, respectively. To gain insight into the mechanism of LCAT impairment, the enzyme's free cysteines (Cys31 and Cys184) and active site residues were "capped" with the reversible sulfhydryl compound, DTNB, during exposure to either minimally oxidized LDL or PL-OOH. Reversal of the DTNB "cap" after such exposures revealed that the enzyme was completely protected from both sources of peroxidized phospholipids. We, therefore, conclude that PL-OOH inhibited plasma LCAT activity by modifying the enzyme's free cysteine and/or catalytic residues. These studies are the first to suggest that PL-OOH may accelerate the atherogenic process by impairing LCAT activity.
KW  - activity
KW  - blood
KW  - inhibition
KW  - lipid peroxides
KW  - phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase
KW  - plasma
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - 137Cs contamination of plants used for traditional medicine and implications for human exposure.
AU  - Duffy, S.
AU  - Simon, S. L.
AU  - Whicker, F. W.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
SP  - 27
EP  - 44
SN  - 0265-931X
AD  - Duffy, S.: ESH-17, Air Quality Group, MS J978, Los Alamos, National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19990308276.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 27 ref. Registry Number: 7440-46-2.  Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science; Aromatic & Medicinal Plants
N2  - The use of medicinal plants in traditional medicine in the Marshall Islands is discussed with reference to the 137Cs contents of plants used in medicinal remedies. This previously unexplored contribution to radiation exposure is an important consideration in determining present-day risks to the Marshallese population from residual weapons' test radioactivity in the environment. The leaves or fruits of 5 medicinal species were sampled at 14 of the 29 atolls of the Marshall Islands. 137Cs concentrations were measured in 295 samples. The concentration of 137Cs in each species generally decreased with increasing distance and decreasing latitude from the atomic weapons testing area in the northern area of the country. Of the species sampled, Polypodium scolopendria exhibited the highest mean 137Cs concentration by several fold. Other species could not be differentiated in terms of 137Cs uptake. The results of calculations to assess possible radiation doses under specific intake scenarios indicate that at most locations in the Marshall Islands, ingestion of these plants for medicinal purposes will not contribute significantly to the total dose received (above background), although the frequency and amount of consumption of these plants is not well known. This study provides the first information of its kind for the assessment of radiation dose to Marshall Islands' residents from locally grown plants used in traditional medicine.
KW  - assessment
KW  - caesium
KW  - consumption
KW  - contamination
KW  - fallout
KW  - fruits
KW  - herbal drugs
KW  - latitude
KW  - leaves
KW  - medicinal plants
KW  - plant composition
KW  - pollution
KW  - radiation
KW  - radioactivity
KW  - surveys
KW  - traditional medicine
KW  - uptake
KW  - Marshall Islands
KW  - ferns
KW  - man
KW  - Polypodium
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Polypodiaceae
KW  - ferns
KW  - Pteridophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - Polypodium
KW  - Developing Countries
KW  - Micronesia
KW  - Oceania
KW  - Pacific Islands
KW  - cesium
KW  - chemical constituents of plants
KW  - drug plants
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - Filicopsida
KW  - folk medicine
KW  - herbal medicines
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - Polypodium scolopendria
KW  - radioactive fallout
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Health Services (UU350) 
KW  - Plant Composition (FF040) 
KW  - Environmental Tolerance of Plants (FF900) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Formation of mutagenic/carcinogenic heterocyclic amines in dry-heated model systems, meats, and meat drippings.
AU  - Pais, P.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
SP  - 1098
EP  - 1108
SN  - 0021-8561
AD  - Pais, P.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991405237.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 49 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Pig Science
N2  - Mixtures of amino acids, creatine, and glucose simulating the composition of 6 kinds of meat (beef, chicken breast, chicken thigh, turkey breast, pork and fish) were dry-heated to simulate the formation of heterocyclic amines in meats. The presence of 16 heterocyclic amines was investigated in the model systems and in the 6 meat types and their corresponding meat drippings to determine the importance of meat composition to heterocyclic amine formation. Nine mutagenic amines (IQ, MeIQ, 8-MeIQx, 4,8-DiMeIQx, PhIP, IQx, IFP, DMIP, and TMIP) were present at concentrations >0.1 ng/g in some of the model systems and in some of the meat or pan residues. Heterocyclic amine concentrations were clearly affected by precursor composition in this model system, and the same 9 heterocyclic amines formed in the meat and in the model system showed that this is a well-controlled surrogate for the reaction conditions that occur in meat during cooking.
KW  - amines
KW  - beef
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - fish
KW  - meat
KW  - mutagens
KW  - pigmeat
KW  - poultry meat
KW  - processing
KW  - sources
KW  - pork
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Food Processing (General) (QQ100) 
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Aquatic Produce (QQ060) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A very-low-fat diet is not associated with improved lipoprotein profiles in men with a predominance of large, low-density lipoproteins.
AU  - Dreon, D. M.
AU  - Fernstrom, H. A.
AU  - Williams, P. T.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 69
IS  - 3
SP  - 411
EP  - 418
SN  - 0002-9165
AD  - Dreon, D. M.: Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991404825.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 31 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The effects of a reduction in dietary fat in men with a persistence of LDL subclass phenotype A (large LDL particles) during both high- and low-fat diets was studied. 38 men who had shown phenotype A after 4-6 weeks of both high- and low-fat diets consumed a 10%-fat diet (2.7% saturates) for 10 days with replacement of fat with carbohydrate and no change in cholesterol content or ratio of polyunsaturates to saturates. In 26 men, phenotype A persisted (stable A group) whereas 12 converted to phenotype B (change group, a predominance of small LDL). LDL cholesterol did not differ from previous values for 20-24%-fat diets in either group, whereas in the change group there were higher concentrations of triacylglycerol and apolipoprotein B; greater mass of HDL, large LDL-I, small LDL-III and LDL-IV, and HDL3; lower concentrations of HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I; and lower mass of large LDL-I and HDL2. It is concluded that there is no apparent lipoprotein benefit of reduction in dietary fat from 20-24% to 10% in men with large LDL particles: LDL-cholesterol concentration was not reduced, and in a subset of subjects there was a shift to small LDL along with increased triacylglycerol and reduced HDL-cholesterol concentrations.
KW  - apolipoproteins
KW  - blood lipids
KW  - carbohydrates
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - diet
KW  - diet studies
KW  - fat
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - men
KW  - phenotypes
KW  - triacylglycerols
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - saccharides
KW  - triglycerides
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19991404825&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Differentiation of microorganisms based on pyrolysis-ion trap mass spectrometry using chemical ionization.
AU  - Barshick, S. A.
AU  - Wolf, D. A.
AU  - Vass, A. A.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
JF  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 71
IS  - 3
SP  - 633
EP  - 641
SN  - 0003-2700
AD  - Barshick, S. A.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19990502232.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 32 ref. Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - The ability to differentiate microorganisms using pyrolysis-ion trap mass spectrometry was demonstrated for 5 Gram-negative disease-causing organisms: Brucella melitensis, B. suis, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia pestis, and Francisella tularensis. Bacterial profiles were generated for γ-irradiated bacterial samples using pyrolytic methylation and compared for electron ionization and chemical ionization using several liquid reagents with increasing proton affinities. Electron ionization combined with pyrolysis caused extensive fragmentation, resulting in a high abundance of lower mass ions and diminishing the diagnostic value of the technique for compound identification and bacterial profiling. Chemical ionization reduced the amount of fragmentation due to ionization while enhancing the molecular ion region of the fatty acids. As the proton affinity of the reagent increased, the protonated molecular ions of the fatty acids became the predominant ions observed in the mass spectrum. As a result, chemical ionization was shown to be more effective than electron ionization in bacterial profiling. Whereas the bacteria could be distinguished at the genera level using electron ionization, further differentiation to the subspecies level was possible using chemical ionization. The greatest separation among the 5 test organisms, in terms of Euclidean distances, was obtained using ethanol as the chemical ionization reagent and using pooled masses representing specific fatty acid biomarkers rather than total ion profiles.
KW  - fatty acids
KW  - Gram negative bacteria
KW  - identification
KW  - ionization
KW  - ions
KW  - mass spectrometry
KW  - microorganisms
KW  - pathogens
KW  - pyrolysis
KW  - techniques
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Brucella melitensis
KW  - Brucella suis
KW  - Francisella tularensis
KW  - Vibrio cholerae
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Brucella
KW  - Brucellaceae
KW  - Rhizobiales
KW  - Alphaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Francisella
KW  - Francisellaceae
KW  - Thiotrichales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Vibrio
KW  - Vibrionaceae
KW  - Vibrionales
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - bacterium
KW  - micro-organisms
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Humans (VV200) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison of DNA-adduct and tissue-available dose levels of MeIQx in human and rodent colon following administration of a very low dose.
AU  - Mauthe, R. J.
AU  - Dingley, K. H.
AU  - Leveson, S. H.
AU  - Freeman, S. P. H. T.
AU  - Turesky, R. J.
AU  - Garner, R. C.
AU  - Turteltaub, K. W.
JO  - International Journal of Cancer
JF  - International Journal of Cancer
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 80
IS  - 4
SP  - 539
EP  - 545
SN  - 0020-7136
AD  - Mauthe, R. J.: Molecular and Structural Biology Division and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001416232.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 22 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - [2-14C]2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo [4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) was administered orally (304 ng/kg body-weight dose based upon an average 70-kg-body-weight subject) to 5 human colon-cancer patients (58 to 84 years old), as well as to F344 rats and B4C3F1 mice. Colon tissue was collected from the human subjects at surgery and from the rodents 3.5 to 6 hr after administration. Colon DNA-adduct levels and tissue available doses were measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The mean levels of MeIQx in the histologically normal colon tissue were not different among the human (97±26 pg MeIQx/g), rat (133±15 pg/g) or mouse (78±10 pg/g) tissues; and no difference existed between the levels detected in human normal and tumour tissue (101±15 pg/g). Mean DNA-adduct levels in normal human colon (26±4 adducts/1012 nucleotides) were significantly greater (p<0.01) than in rats (17.1±1 adduct/1012 nucleotides) or mice (20.6±0.9 adduct/1012 nucleotides). No difference existed in adduct levels between normal and tumour tissue in humans. These results show that MeIQx forms DNA adducts in human colon at low dose, and that the human colon may be more sensitive to the effects of MeIQx than that of mice or rats.
KW  - animal models
KW  - colon
KW  - effects
KW  - mass spectrometry
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - nucleotides
KW  - surgery
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - rats
KW  - rodents
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - cancers
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20001416232&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heterocyclic amine content of cooked meat and risk of prostate cancer.
AU  - Norrish, A. E.
AU  - Ferguson, L. R.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Sharpe, S. J.
AU  - Jackson, R. T.
JO  - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JF  - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 91
IS  - 23
SP  - 2038
EP  - 2044
SN  - 0027-8874
AD  - Norrish, A. E.: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001408756.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 27 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - This study examined associations between prostate cancer risk and (1) estimated daily intake of heterocyclic amines from cooked meat and (2) level of cooked-meat doneness. A population-based, case-control study involving 317 case patients with prostate cancer and 480 age-matched control subjects was carried out in Auckland, New Zealand. Levels of meat doneness and daily intake of heterocyclic amines were determined from self-reported dietary data and experimentally measured heterocyclic amine levels in locally sourced meat samples cooked under controlled conditions to varying degrees of doneness. The heterocyclic amines found in the highest concentrations in meat samples were 2-amino-1,6-dimethylfuro[3,2-e]imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (IFP) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) from well-done chicken and pork and very well-done beefsteak. Meat doneness was weakly and inconsistently associated with prostate cancer risk for individual types of meat, but increased risk was observed for well-done beefsteak (relative risk=1.68; 95% confidence interval=1.02-2.77; two-sided P for trend=0.03). A weak positive gradient of increased risk was associated with estimated daily exposure to IFP but not with the other major heterocyclic amines. It is concluded that meat doneness and estimated intake of heterocyclic amines from cooked meat were not clearly associated with prostate cancer risk.
KW  - amines
KW  - beef
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - chicken meat
KW  - consumption
KW  - cooking
KW  - foods
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - meat
KW  - men
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - pigmeat
KW  - poultry
KW  - prostate cancer
KW  - risk factors
KW  - New Zealand
KW  - fowls
KW  - man
KW  - Gallus gallus
KW  - Gallus
KW  - Phasianidae
KW  - Galliformes
KW  - birds
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Australasia
KW  - Oceania
KW  - Commonwealth of Nations
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - cancers
KW  - chickens
KW  - domesticated birds
KW  - pork
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20001408756&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The molecular clock of HIV-1 unveiled through analysis of a known transmission history.
AU  - Leitner, T.
AU  - Albert, J.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 96
IS  - 19
SP  - 10752
EP  - 10757
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Leitner, T.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Group T-10, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20002006954.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 32 ref.
N2  - To unveil the molecular clock of HIV-1 a unique set of viruses from a known transmission history with separation times between samples of up to 25 years was analysed. The env V3 and p17gag regions of the genome were sequenced, and genetic distances were estimated by using the true tree and a nucleotide substitution model based on a general reversible Markov process with a gamma distribution to account for differences in substitution rates among sites. Linear regression analysis showed that separation times were significantly correlated with synonymous as well as nonsynonymous nucleotide distances in both V3 and p17, giving strong support for the existence of a molecular clock. The estimated rate of nucleotide substitution was 6.7±2.1×10-3 substitutions/site per year in V3 and 2.7±0.5×10-3 in p17. Importantly, the regression analyses showed that there was a significant genetic distance at zero divergence times. This pretransmission interval exists because the ramifications in the phylogenetic trees do not correspond to time of transmission, but rather to the coalescence time of the most recent common ancestor of the viruses carried by the transmitter and the recipient. Simulation experiments showed that neither the V3 nor the p17 clocks were overdispersed, which indicated that the introduction of nucleotide substitutions can be described adequately by a simple stochastic Poisson process. The new nucleotide sequences were deposited in the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ database under accession numbers U68496-U68521.
KW  - disease transmission
KW  - DNA cloning
KW  - evolution
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - genetic variability
KW  - genotypic variability
KW  - genotypic variation
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - molecular clock
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dissociation of HIV-1 from follicular dendritic cells during HAART: mathematical analysis.
AU  - Hlavacek, W. S.
AU  - Wofsy, C.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 96
IS  - 26
SP  - 14681
EP  - 14686
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Hlavacek, W. S.: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20002009546.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 44 ref.
N2  - Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) provide a reservoir for HIV type 1 (HIV-1) that may reignite infection if highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is withdrawn before virus on FDC is cleared. To estimate the treatment time required to eliminate HIV-1 on FDC, deterministic and stochastic models were developed for the reversible binding of HIV-1 to FDC via ligand-receptor interactions and the consequences of reducing the virus available for binding to FDC were examined. Analysis of these models showed that the rate at which HIV-1 dissociates from FDC during HAART is biphasic, with an initial period of rapid decay followed by a period of slower exponential decay. The speed of the slower second stage of dissociation and the treatment time required to eradicate the FDC reservoir of HIV-1 were insensitive to the number of virions bound and their degree of attachment to FDC before treatment. In contrast, the expected time required for dissociation of an individual virion from FDC varied sensitively with the number of ligands attached to the virion that are available to interact with receptors on FDC. Although most virions may dissociate from FDC on the time scale of days to weeks, virions coupled to a higher than-average number of ligands may persist on FDC for years. This result suggests that HAART may not be able to clear all HIV-1 trapped on FDC and that, even if clearance is possible, years of treatment will be required.
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - drug therapy
KW  - highly active antiretroviral therapy
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - follicular dendritic cells
KW  - HAART
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - virions
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The differential infectivity and staged progression models for the transmission of HIV.
AU  - Hyman, J. M.
AU  - Li, J. A.
AU  - Stanley, E. A.
JO  - Mathematical Biosciences
JF  - Mathematical Biosciences
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 155
IS  - 2
SP  - 77
EP  - 109
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc.
SN  - 0025-5564
AD  - Hyman, J. M.: Theoretical Division, MS-B284, Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013181411.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 47 ref. Registry Number: 63231-63-0. 
N2  - Recent studies of HIV RNA in infected individuals show that viral levels vary widely between individuals and within the same individual over time. Individuals with higher viral loads during the chronic phase tend to develop AIDS more rapidly. If RNA levels are correlated with infectiousness, these variations explain puzzling results from HIV transmission studies and suggest that a small subset of infected people may be responsible for a disproportionate number of infections. We use two simple models to study the impact of variations in infectiousness. In the first model, we account for different levels of virus between individuals during the chronic phase of infection, and the increase in the average time from infection to AIDS that goes along with a decreased viral load. The second model follows the more standard hypothesis that infected individuals progress through a series of infection stages, with the infectiousness of a person depending upon his current disease stage. We derive and compare threshold conditions for the two models and find explicit formulas of their endemic equilibria. We show that formulas for both models can be put into a standard form, which allows for a clear interpretation. We define the relative impact of each group as the fraction of infections being caused by that group. We use these formulas and numerical simulations to examine the relative importance of different stages of infection and different chronic levels of virus to the spreading of the disease. The acute stage and the most infectious group both appear to have a disproportionate effect, especially on the early epidemic. Contact tracing to identify super-spreaders and alertness to the symptoms of acute HIV infection may both be needed to contain this epidemic.
KW  - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - contact tracing
KW  - disease course
KW  - disease transmission
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - RNA
KW  - viral load
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - AIDS
KW  - disease progression
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - ribonucleic acid
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sequence and organization of pXO1, the large Bacillus anthracis plasmid harboring the anthrax toxin genes.
AU  - Okinaka, R. T.
AU  - Cloud, K.
AU  - Hampton, O.
AU  - Hoffmaster, A. R.
AU  - Hill, K. K.
AU  - Keim, P.
AU  - Koehler, T. M.
AU  - Lamke, G.
AU  - Kumano, S.
AU  - Mahillon, J.
AU  - Manter, D.
AU  - Martinez, Y.
AU  - Ricke, D.
AU  - Svensson, R.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 181
IS  - 20
SP  - 6509
EP  - 6515
SN  - 0021-9193
AD  - Okinaka, R. T.: Life Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, M888, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20002217847.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 66 ref. Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science
KW  - anthrax
KW  - genes
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - open reading frames
KW  - plasmid vectors
KW  - toxins
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - ORFs
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Animals (LL821) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Glutathione homeostasis in response to exercise training and nutritional supplements.
AU  - Sen, C. K.
A2  - Das, D. K.
JO  - Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
JF  - Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 196
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 31
EP  - 42
SN  - 0300-8177
AD  - Sen, C. K.: Biological Technologies Section, Environmental Energies Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, California, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991411518.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 99 ref. Registry Number: 70-18-8.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - A review.
KW  - antioxidants
KW  - energy
KW  - exercise
KW  - food supplements
KW  - glutathione
KW  - homeostasis
KW  - lipid peroxidation
KW  - metabolism
KW  - oxidation
KW  - reviews
KW  - skeletal muscle
KW  - supplements
KW  - tissues
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19991411518&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lower plasma levels and accelerated clearance of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol in scavenger receptor class B type I transgenic mice.
AU  - Ueda, Y.
AU  - Royer, L.
AU  - Gong, E.
AU  - Zhang JunLi
AU  - Cooper, P. N.
AU  - Francone, O.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 274
IS  - 11
SP  - 7165
EP  - 7171
SN  - 0021-9258
AD  - Ueda, Y.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 19991407270.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 27 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Recent studies have indicated that the scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) may play an important role in the uptake of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesteryl ester in liver and steroidogenic tissues. To investigate the in vivo effects of liver-specific SR-BI over-expression on lipid metabolism, several lines of SR-BI transgenic mice with an SR-BI genomic construct where the SR-BI promoter region had been replaced by the apolipoprotein (apo)A-I promoter were created. The effect of constitutively increased SR-BI expression on plasma HDL and non-HDL lipoproteins and apolipoproteins was characterized. There was an inverse correlation between SR-BI expression and apoA-I and HDL cholesterol levels in transgenic mice fed mouse chow or a diet high in fat and cholesterol. An unexpected finding in the SR-BI transgenic mice was the dramatic impact of the SR-BI transgenic on non-HDL cholesterol and apoB whose levels were also inversely correlated with SR-BI expression. Consistent with the decrease in plasma HDL and non-HDL cholesterol was an accelerated clearance of HDL, non-HDL, and their major associated apolipoproteins in the transgenics compared with control animals. These in vivo studies of the effect of SR-BI overexpression on plasma lipoproteins support the previously proposed hypothesis that SR-BI accelerates the metabolism of HDL and also highlight the capacity of this receptor to participate in the metabolism of non-HDL lipoproteins.
KW  - atherogenesis
KW  - blood
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - cholesteryl esters
KW  - genetically engineered organisms
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - lipid metabolism
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - liver
KW  - metabolism
KW  - plasma
KW  - receptors
KW  - transgenic animals
KW  - transgenics
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cholesterol esters
KW  - fat metabolism
KW  - genetically engineered animals
KW  - genetically modified animals
KW  - genetically modified organisms
KW  - GEOs
KW  - GMOs
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quercetin inhibits inducible ICAM-1 expression in human endothelial cells through the JNK pathway.
AU  - Kobuchi, H.
AU  - Roy, S.
AU  - Sen, C. K.
AU  - Nguyen, H. G.
AU  - Packer, L.
JO  - American Journal of Physiology
JF  - American Journal of Physiology
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 277
IS  - 3
SP  - C403
EP  - C411
SN  - 0002-9513
AD  - Kobuchi, H.: Environmental Energies Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001405937.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 59 ref. Registry Number: 117-39-5, 308079-78-9.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The cell adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory responses. Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone), a naturally occurring dietary flavonol, has potent anti-inflammatory properties. The effect of quercetin on ICAM-1 expression induced by agonists phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in human endothelial cell line ECV304 (ECV) was investigated. Quercetin treatment downregulated PMA- and TNF-α-induced surface expression, as well as the ICAM-1 mRNA levels, in ECV cells in a dose-dependent (10-50 µM) manner. Quercetin had no effect on PMA- or TNF-α-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. However, under similar conditions there was a dose-dependent downregulation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation. This decrease in AP-1 activation was observed to be associated with the inhibitory effects of quercetin on the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. It is concluded that quercetin downregulates PMA- and TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression by inhibiting AP-1 activation and the JNK pathway.
KW  - adhesion
KW  - agonists
KW  - cell lines
KW  - diets
KW  - endothelium
KW  - flavonoids
KW  - flavonols
KW  - gene expression
KW  - in vitro
KW  - inhibition
KW  - kinases
KW  - messenger RNA
KW  - properties
KW  - quercetin
KW  - tumour necrosis factor
KW  - cachectin
KW  - cachexin
KW  - mRNA
KW  - tumor necrosis factor
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors determining dietary intakes of heterocyclic amines in cooked foods.
AU  - Keating, G. A.
AU  - Layton, D. W.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 443
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 149
EP  - 156
AD  - Keating, G. A.: Health and Ecological Assessment Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-396, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001405860.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 30 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The identification of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in cooked foods has focused attention on the potential health effects of their consumption in the diet. Recent studies have estimated daily dietary intakes of HCAs that vary 10-fold and implicated different cooked meats as the prime source of HCAs in the diet. These varied estimates can be attributed to the different dietary assessment methods used in these studies, as well as the different levels of HCAs ascribed to the most commonly consumed cooked meats. Epidemiological studies using information on dietary practice and food intake have found higher risks for several cancers among individuals consuming the highest levels of HCAs. These studies have highlighted the importance of using information on cooking methods in addition to food intake to accurately estimate dietary exposure to HCAs.
KW  - amines
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - cooking
KW  - diet
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - food intake
KW  - foods
KW  - health
KW  - intake
KW  - meat products
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - reviews
KW  - risk
KW  - sources
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cancers
KW  - heterocyclic amines
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Small, dense, low-density lipoprotein and atherosclerosis.
AU  - Superko, H. R.
JO  - Current Atherosclerosis Reports
JF  - Current Atherosclerosis Reports
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
SP  - 226
EP  - 231
CY  - London; UK
PB  - BioMed Central Ltd
SN  - 1523-3804
AD  - Superko, H. R.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043163212.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Public Health; Human Nutrition
N2  - Disorders of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass distribution are more common contributors to coronary artery disease (CAD) than is elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). Recent research has emphasized the importance of LDL and HDL subclass distribution in patient management and response to treatments. Laboratory determination of LDL and HDL subclass distribution involves analytic ultracentrifugation or polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. If subclass distribution is to be used for patient management, research quality control and standards are necessary in order to assure that the patient's values accurately reflect the metabolic disorder. The importance of this topic for patient care has been recognized by the medical insurance industry. Investigations employing electron beam computed tomography in asymptomatic individuals has revealed that 50% with established CAD have normal lipids by National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria. However, a large proportion of other metabolic contributors to CAD are not revealed by routine blood tests.
KW  - atherosclerosis
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - heart
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - human diseases
KW  - lipids
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - metabolic disorders
KW  - vascular diseases
KW  - vascular system
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - arteriosclerosis
KW  - blood vessel disorders
KW  - coronary artery diseases
KW  - coronary diseases
KW  - lipins
KW  - low density lipoprotein cholesterol
KW  - metabolic diseases
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
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UR  - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1523-3804/2/226/abstract
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison of heterocyclic amine levels in home-cooked meats with exposure indicators (United States).
AU  - Keating, G. A.
AU  - Rashmi Sinha
AU  - Layton, D.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
AU  - Lynch, C. F.
AU  - Alavanja, M.
JO  - Cancer Causes & Control
JF  - Cancer Causes & Control
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
SP  - 731
EP  - 739
CY  - Dordrecht; Netherlands
PB  - Kluwer Academic Publishers
SN  - 0957-5243
AD  - Keating, G. A.: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Box 808, L-396, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013121117.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 19 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - A study was conducted to compare the indicators of heterocyclic amine (HCA) exposure with HCA concentrations in home-cooked meat samples. Pan-fried hamburger and steak samples were obtained from individuals stating a preference for medium, well done and very well done meat. Concentrations of DiMeIQx, IFP, MeIQx and PhIP were determined by HPLC. Results revealed that HCA concentrations at the 3 doneness levels were not significantly different using the participants' self-reported doneness preference to categorize samples. Using doneness levels determined at the time the meat was cooked and photograph analysis to categorize samples, HCA concentrations increased with doneness level and significant differences were observed between the very well done and lower doneness levels. When assigned to doneness levels by photograph analysis, mean concentrations (ng/g cooked meat) of DiMeIQx, IFP, MeIQx, and PhIP were 0.18, 0.16, 0.65 and 0.47 in well done hamburger and 0.61, 0.74, 1.88 and 2.04 in very well done hamburger, respectively. In steak, mean concentrations were 0.24, 0.10, 0.79 and 0.59 in well done steak and 0.45, 0.14, 1.87 and 0.62 in very well done steak, respectively. HCA levels in home-cooked meat samples were significantly different when samples were visually classified for doneness, but not when self-reported doneness preference was used to classify doneness.
KW  - amines
KW  - hamburgers
KW  - meat
KW  - meat composition
KW  - meat products
KW  - meat quality
KW  - steaks
KW  - heterocyclic amines
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genome scan identifies a locus affecting gamma-globin level in human beta-cluster YAC transgenic mice.
AU  - Lin, S. D.
AU  - Cooper, P.
AU  - Fung JingLy
AU  - Weier, H. U. G.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
JO  - Mammalian Genome
JF  - Mammalian Genome
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
SP  - 1024
EP  - 1029
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
SN  - 0938-8990
AD  - Lin, S. D.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Genome Science Department, One Cyclotron Rd., MS 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20003023783.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 29 ref. Subject Subsets: Agricultural Biotechnology; Animal Breeding
N2  - Genetic factors affecting postnatal γ-globin expression-a major modifier of the severity of both β-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia-have been difficult to study. This is especially so in mice, an organism lacking a globin gene with an expression pattern equivalent to that of human γ-globin. To model the human β-cluster in mice, with the goal of screening for loci affecting human γ-globin expression in vivo, we introduced a human β-globin cluster YAC transgene into the genome of FVB/N mice. The β-cluster contained a Greek hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) γ allele, resulting in postnatal expression of human γ-globin in transgenic mice. The level of human γ-globin for various F1 hybrids derived from crosses between the FVB/N transgenics and other inbred mouse strains was assessed. The γ-globin level of the (C3HeB/FeJ × FVB/N)F1 transgenic mice was noted to be significantly elevated. To map genes affecting postnatal γ-globin expression, we performed a 20-centiMorgan (cM) genome scan of a (C3HeB/FeJ × FVB/N)F1 transgenics × FVB/N backcross, followed by high-resolution marker analysis of promising loci. From this analysis we mapped a locus within an 18-cM interval of mouse Chromosome (Chr) 1 (LOD = 4.3) that contributes 10.9% of variation in γ-globin level. Combining transgenic modelling of the human β-globin gene cluster with quantitative trait analysis, we have identified and mapped a murine locus that impacts on human γ-globin level in vivo.
KW  - alleles
KW  - gene expression
KW  - gene mapping
KW  - genetic factors
KW  - genetically engineered organisms
KW  - genome analysis
KW  - globins
KW  - inbred strains
KW  - quantitative trait loci
KW  - sickle cell anaemia
KW  - transgenic animals
KW  - yeast artificial chromosomes
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - gamma-globin
KW  - genetically engineered animals
KW  - genetically modified animals
KW  - genetically modified organisms
KW  - GEOs
KW  - GMOs
KW  - sickle cell anemia
KW  - Animal Genetics and Breeding (LL240) (New March 2000)
KW  - Animal Models of Human Diseases (VV400) (New March 2000)
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identification of urine metabolites of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine following consumption of a single cooked chicken meal in humans.
AU  - Kulp, K. S.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Malfatti, M. A.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Carcinogenesis
JF  - Carcinogenesis
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 21
IS  - 11
SP  - 2065
EP  - 2072
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Oxford University Press
SN  - 0143-3334
AD  - Kulp, K. S.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20003021425.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 65 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Poultry
N2  - Many studies suggest that mutagenic/carcinogenic chemicals in the diet, like 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), may play a role in human cancer initiation. A method was developed to quantify PhIP metabolites in human urine and have applied it to samples from female volunteers who had eaten a meal of cooked chicken. For this analysis, urine samples (5 ml) were spiked with a deuterium-labelled internal standard, adsorbed to a macroporous polymeric column and then eluted with methanol. After a solvent exchange to 0.01 M HCl, the urine extracts were passed through a filter, applied to a benzenesulfonic acid column, washed with methanol/acid and eluted with ammonium acetate and concentrated on a C18 column. The metabolites were eluted from the C18 column and quantified by LC/MS/MS. In studies of human PhIP metabolism, eight volunteers were fed 200 g of cooked chicken containing a total of 27 µg PhIP. Urine samples were collected for 24 h after the meal, in 6 h aliquots. Although no metabolites could be found in urine collected from volunteers before eating the chicken, four major human PhIP metabolites, N2-OH-PhIP-N2-glucuronide, PhIP-N2-glucuronide, 4'-PhIP-sulfate and N2-OH-PhIP-N3-glucuronide, were found in the urine after the chicken meal. The volunteers in the study excreted 4-53% of the ingested PhIP dose in the urine. The rate of metabolite excretion varied among the subjects, however, in all of the subjects the majority of the metabolites were excreted in the first 12 h. Very little metabolite was detected in the urine after 18 h. In humans, N2-OH-PhIP-N2 glucuronide is the most abundant urinary metabolite, followed by PhIP-N2-glucuronide. The variation seen in the total amount, excretion time and metabolite ratios with the method suggests that individual digestion, metabolism and/or other components of the diet may influence the absorption and amounts of metabolic products produced from PhIP.
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - chicken meat
KW  - metabolites
KW  - mutagens
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - poultry
KW  - pyridines
KW  - urine
KW  - fowls
KW  - man
KW  - Gallus gallus
KW  - Gallus
KW  - Phasianidae
KW  - Galliformes
KW  - birds
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - cancers
KW  - chickens
KW  - domesticated birds
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20003021425&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - mRNA expression profile of a human cancer cell line in response to Ginkgo biloba extract: induction of antioxidant response and the golgi system.
AU  - Gohil, K.
AU  - Moy, R. K.
AU  - Farzin, S.
AU  - Maguire, J. J.
AU  - Packer, L.
A2  - Noguchi, N.
JO  - Free Radical Research
JF  - Free Radical Research
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 33
IS  - 6
SP  - 831
EP  - 849
CY  - St Helier; UK
PB  - Harwood Academic Publishers
SN  - 1071-5762
AD  - Gohil, K.: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023042903.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 63 ref. Registry Number: 70-18-8, 9054-89-1, 50-89-5, 9059-22-7.  Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science; Aromatic & Medicinal Plants
N2  - Supplementation of diets with plant extracts for health and prevention of degenerative diseases is popular. However the molecular basis of their therapeutic potentials are poorly defined. We hypothesized that in vitro assays that enable quantitative analysis of the gene expression profiles combined with targeted biochemical analysis can identify the potential effects of phytochemicals. The hypothesis was tested by application of GeneChips to define mRNA expressions of a human bladder cancer cell line incubated with a flavonoid containing extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves. The analysis of the transcriptional response revealed a net activation of transcription. Functional classification of the affected mRNAs showed the largest changes in the abundance of mRNAs for intracellular vesicular transport, mitochondria, transcription and antioxidants. The transcripts for heme oxygenase 1 [heme oxygenase (decyclizing)], mitochondrial superoxide dismutase and the regulatory subunit of γ-glutamylcysteinyl synthetase [glutamate--cysteine ligase] and their encoded proteins were elevated. The extract also increased intracellular glutathione, the transcripts for DNA repair and synthesis, and decreased 3H-thymidine incorporation. These results demonstrate that a flavonoid-containing extract initiates an adaptive transcriptional response that augments the "antioxidant status" of the cells and inhibits DNA damage. These in vitro studies using GeneChips demonstrated a promising strategy for identifying nutritional supplement-induced cellular responses that may have a role in counteracting chronic human diseases.
KW  - antioxidant properties
KW  - cell lines
KW  - flavonoids
KW  - gene expression
KW  - glutathione
KW  - Golgi apparatus
KW  - heme oxygenase
KW  - in vitro
KW  - leaves
KW  - ligases
KW  - medicinal plants
KW  - messenger RNA
KW  - mitochondria
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - phytochemicals
KW  - plant extracts
KW  - superoxide dismutase
KW  - thymidine
KW  - transcription
KW  - Ginkgo biloba
KW  - man
KW  - Ginkgo
KW  - Ginkgoaceae
KW  - Ginkgoopsida
KW  - gymnosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - anti-oxidant properties
KW  - cancers
KW  - DNA transcription
KW  - drug plants
KW  - ginkgo tree
KW  - glutamate--cysteine ligase
KW  - haem oxygenase
KW  - heme oxygenase (decyclizing)
KW  - maidenhair tree
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - mRNA
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - Horticultural Crops (FF003) (New March 2000)
KW  - Non-food/Non-feed Plant Products (SS200) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Pharmacology (VV730) (New March 2000)
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UR  - email: kishor@socrates.berkeley.edu
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radionuclides in pinon pine (Pinus edulis) nuts from Los Alamos National Laboratory lands and the dose from consumption.
AU  - Fresquez, P. R.
AU  - Huchton, J. D.
AU  - Mullen, M. A.
AU  - Naranjo, L., Jr.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
SP  - 611
EP  - 622
AD  - Fresquez, P. R.: Environment, Safety and Health Division, M887 Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20000617459.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 20 ref. Subject Subsets: Agroforestry; Forestry; Soils & Fertilizers; Forest Products
N2  - One of the dominant tree species growing within and around the eastern portion of the lands of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in New Mexico, USA, is the pinon pine (Pinus edulis). Pinon pine is used for firewood, fence posts, and building materials, and is also a source of nuts for food - the seeds are consumed by a wide variety of animals and are also gathered by people in the area and eaten raw or roasted. This study investigated the (1) concentration of ³H, 137Cs, 90Sr, totU, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, and 241Am in soil samples at 0-12 in (31 cm) depth under trees, in pinon pine shoots (PPS), and pinon pine nuts (PPN), collected from LANL lands and from regional background (BG) locations, (2) committed effective dose equivalent (CEDE) from the ingestion of nuts, and (3) soil to PPS to PPN concentration ratios (CRs). Most radionuclides, with the exception of ³H in soils, were not significantly higher (p<0.10) in soils, PPS, and PPN collected from LANL and from the BG locations, and concentrations of most radionuclides in PPN from LANL have decreased over time. The maximum net CEDE (the CEDE plus two sigma minus BG) at the most conservative ingestion rate (10 lb or 4.5 kg) was 0.0018 mrem (0.018 µSv); this is far below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (all pathway) permissible dose limit of 100 mrem (1000 µSv). Soil-to-nut CRs for most radionuclides were within the range of default values in the literature for common fruits and vegetables.
KW  - consumption
KW  - edible species
KW  - food contamination
KW  - forage
KW  - fruits
KW  - multipurpose trees
KW  - nuts
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - seeds
KW  - shoots
KW  - soil pollution
KW  - trees
KW  - wild animals
KW  - woody plants
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - USA
KW  - Pinus edulis
KW  - plants
KW  - Pinus
KW  - Pinaceae
KW  - Pinopsida
KW  - gymnosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Great Plains States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - Mountain States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - Southwestern States of USA
KW  - food contaminants
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Forests and Forest Trees (Biology and Ecology) (KK100) 
KW  - Silviculture and Forest Management (KK110) 
KW  - Agroforestry and Multipurpose Trees; Community, Farm and Social Forestry (KK600) 
KW  - Non-wood Forest Products (KK540) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Other Produce (QQ070) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Increased low density lipoprotein degradation in aorta of irradiated mice is inhibited by preenrichment of low density lipoprotein with α-tocopherol.
AU  - Tribble, D. L.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
AU  - Chu, B. M.
AU  - Gong, E. L.
AU  - Kullgren, B. R.
AU  - Nagy, J. O.
AU  - Belle, M. la
JO  - Journal of Lipid Research
JF  - Journal of Lipid Research
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 41
IS  - 10
SP  - 1666
EP  - 1672
CY  - Bethesda; USA
PB  - Lipid Research Inc.
SN  - 0022-2275
AD  - Tribble, D. L.: Life Science Division, Department of Molecular and Nuclear Medicine, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20003015544.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 30 ref. Registry Number: 59-02-9.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - We previously reported that upper thoracic exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) accelerates fatty streak formation in C57BL/6 mice and that such effects are inhibited by overexpression of the antioxidant enzyme CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD). Notably, IR-accelerated lesion formation is strictly dependent on a high fat diet (i.e., atherogenic lipoproteins) but does not involve alterations in circulating lipid or lipoprotein levels. We thus proposed that IR promotes changes in the artery wall that enhance the deposition of lipoprotein lipids. To address this hypothesis, we examined the effects of IR on aortic accumulation and degradation of low density lipoproteins (LDL). Ten-week-old C57BL/6 mice were exposed to a single (8-Gy) dose of 60Co radiation to the upper thoracic area or were sham irradiated (controls) and were then placed on the high-fat diet. Five days postexposure, the mice received either 125I-labeled LDL (125I-LDL) (which was used to measure intact LDL) or 125I-labeled tyramine cellobiose (125I-TC)-LDL (which was used to measure both intact and cell-degraded LDL) via tail vein injection. On the basis of trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-precipitable counts in retroorbital blood samples, ≥95% of donor LDL was cleared within 24 h and there were no differences in time-averaged plasma concentrations of the two forms of LDL among irradiated and control mice. Aortic values increased markedly within the first hour and thereafter exhibited a slow increase up to 24 h. There were no differences between irradiated and control mice at 1 h, when values primarily reflected LDL entry, but a divergence was observed thereafter. At 24 h, 125I-TC-associated counts were 1.8-fold higher in irradiated mice (P=0.10). In contrast, 125I-LDL-associated counts were 30% lower in irradiated mice (P<0.05), suggesting that most of the retained 125I-TC was associated with LDL degradation products. Consistent with the proposed involvement of oxidative or redox-regulated events, IR-induced LDL degradation was lower in SOD-transgenic than wild-type mice (P<0.05). The importance of LDL oxidation was suggested by observations that IR-induced LDL degradation was significantly reduced by preenriching LDL with α-tocopherol. On the basis of these results, we propose that IR elicits SOD-inhibitable changes in the artery wall that enhance LDL oxidation and degradation leading to the deposition of LDL-borne lipids. These studies provide additional support for the role of oxidation in lipoprotein lipid deposition and atherogenesis and suggest that IR promotes an arterial environment that stimulates this process in vivo.
KW  - alpha-tocopherol
KW  - degradation
KW  - fat
KW  - intake
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - metabolism
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Formation of the mutagen IFP in model systems and detection in restaurant meats.
AU  - Pais, P.
AU  - Tanga, M. J.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
JO  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 48
IS  - 5
SP  - 1721
EP  - 1726
SN  - 0021-8561
AD  - Pais, P.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001418696.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 28 ref. Registry Number: 57-00-1, 50-99-7, 56-85-9.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Sugar Industry
N2  - Mixtures of the free amino acids, creatine and glucose, were dry-heated to model the potential formation of heterocyclic amines in meats. The formation of the mutagenic amine IFP (determined to be 2-amino-(1,6-dimethylfuro[3,2-e]imidazo[4,5-b])pyridine) was investigated by varying heating time, heating temperature, and precursors. With an optimized mixture of glutamine, creatine, and glucose, heated at 200°C for 60 min., 2 mg of IFP was purified for studies to define its structure. Trideuteriomethyl-IFP was made from trideuteriomethylcreatinine in the model system for use in LC-MS detection of IFP in foods. Analysis of well-done meats purchased from restaurants showed about half to contain IFP at levels from 1.4 to 46 ng/g of cooked meat, demonstrating human exposure to this mutagen.
KW  - amines
KW  - creatine
KW  - eating out
KW  - foods
KW  - free amino acids
KW  - glucose
KW  - glutamine
KW  - heating
KW  - nutrition
KW  - precursors
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - dextrose
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Human Nutrition (General) (VV100) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Zinc is sufficiently abundant within mammalian sperm nuclei to bind stoichiometrically with protamine 2.
AU  - Bench, G.
AU  - Corzett, M. H.
AU  - Kramer, C. E.
AU  - Grant, P. G.
AU  - Balhorn, R.
JO  - Molecular Reproduction and Development
JF  - Molecular Reproduction and Development
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 56
IS  - 4
SP  - 512
EP  - 519
SN  - 1040-452X
AD  - Bench, G.: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, L-397, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20000109388.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 37 ref. Registry Number: 7704-34-9, 7440-66-6.  Subject Subsets: Animal Breeding
KW  - binding
KW  - bulls
KW  - chromatin
KW  - nuclei
KW  - protamines
KW  - species differences
KW  - spermatozoa
KW  - stallions
KW  - sulfur
KW  - zinc
KW  - cattle
KW  - Chinchilla
KW  - hamsters
KW  - mammals
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Bos
KW  - Bovidae
KW  - ruminants
KW  - Artiodactyla
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Chinchillidae
KW  - rodents
KW  - Cricetinae
KW  - Muridae
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - cell nuclei
KW  - elemental sulphur
KW  - sperm
KW  - sulphur
KW  - Animal Reproduction and Embryology (LL250) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Reproduction and Development (VV060) 
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20000109388&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type B.
AU  - Swaminathan, S.
AU  - Eswaramoorthy, S.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography
JF  - Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 56
IS  - 8
SP  - 1024
EP  - 1026
CY  - Copenhagen; Denmark
PB  - Munksgaard International Publishers Ltd
SN  - 0907-4449
AD  - Swaminathan, S.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013033779.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 32 ref.
N2  - Single crystals of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type B were obtained by the vapour-diffusion method. These crystals belong to space group P21, with unit-cell parameters a=76.08, b=123.1l, c=95.86 Å, β=113.03° and diffract to at least 1.8 Å resolution. Native data have been collected from flash-frozen crystals at the National Synchrotron facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York, USA. These crystals tend to be non-isomorphic.
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - crystallography
KW  - crystals
KW  - neurotoxins
KW  - X ray crystallography
KW  - Clostridium botulinum
KW  - Clostridium
KW  - Clostridiaceae
KW  - Clostridiales
KW  - Clostridia
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms (ZZ394) (New March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence that Ginkgo biloba extract does not inhibit MAO A and B in living human brain.
AU  - Fowler, J. S.
AU  - Wang, G. J.
AU  - Volkow, N. D.
AU  - Logan, J.
AU  - Franceschi, D.
AU  - Franceschi, M.
AU  - MacGregor, R.
AU  - Shea, C.
AU  - Garza, V.
AU  - Liu, N.
AU  - Ding, Y. S.
JO  - Life Sciences
JF  - Life Sciences
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 66
IS  - 9
SP  - PL141
EP  - PL146
SN  - 0024-3205
AD  - Fowler, J. S.: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20000308771.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Registry Number: 9001-66-5.  Subject Subsets: Horticultural Science; Aromatic & Medicinal Plants
N2  - Extracts of G. biloba are reported to reversibly inhibit both monoamine oxidase [amine oxidase (flavin-containing)] (MAO) A and B in rat brain in vitro leading to speculation that MAO inhibition may contribute to some of its central nervous system effects. Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to measure the effects of G. biloba on human brain MAO A and B in 10 subjects treated for 1 month with 120 mg/day of the G. biloba extract EGb 761, using [11C]clorgyline and [11C]L-deprenyl-D2 to measure MAO A and B, respectively. A 3-compartment model was used to calculate the plasma to brain transfer constant K1 which is related to blood flow, and λk3, a model term which is a function of the concentration of catalytically active MAO molecules. G. biloba administration did not produce significant changes in brain MAO A or B suggesting that mechanisms other than MAO inhibition need to be considered as mediating some of its CNS effects.
KW  - amine oxidase (flavin-containing)
KW  - brain
KW  - enzyme activity
KW  - enzyme inhibitors
KW  - herbal drugs
KW  - in vitro
KW  - inhibition
KW  - medicinal plants
KW  - nervous system
KW  - oxidoreductases
KW  - plant extracts
KW  - Ginkgo
KW  - Ginkgo biloba
KW  - man
KW  - rats
KW  - Ginkgoaceae
KW  - Ginkgoopsida
KW  - gymnosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Ginkgo
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - drug plants
KW  - EGb 761
KW  - ginkgo tree
KW  - herbal medicines
KW  - maidenhair tree
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - monoamine oxidase
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - redox enzymes
KW  - Plant Science (General) (FF000) 
KW  - Non-food/Non-feed Plant Products (SS200) 
KW  - Forests and Forest Trees (Biology and Ecology) (KK100) 
KW  - Non-wood Forest Products (KK540) 
KW  - Pharmacology (VV730) (New March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - An algorithm for automated bacterial identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry.
AU  - Jarman, K. H.
AU  - Cebula, S. T.
AU  - Saenz, A. J.
AU  - Petersen, C. E.
AU  - Valentine, N. B.
AU  - Kingsley, M. T.
AU  - Wahl, K. L.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
JF  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 72
IS  - 6
SP  - 1217
EP  - 1223
SN  - 0003-2700
AD  - Jarman, K. H.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20002010967.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref.
N2  - An algorithm for bacterial identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry is being developed. This mass spectral finger-print comparison algorithm is fully automated and statistically based, providing objective analysis of samples to be identified. Based on extraction of reference finger-print ions from test spectra, this approach should lend itself well to real-world applications where samples are likely to be impure. This algorithm is illustrated using a blind study. In the study, MALDI-MS fingerprints for Bacillus atrophaeus ATCC 49337, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579T, Escherichia coli ATCC 33694, Pantoea agglomerans ATCC 33243, and Pseudomonas putida F1 are collected and form a reference library. The identification of test samples containing one or more reference bacteria, potentially mixed with one species not in the library (Shewanella alga BrY), is performed by comparison to the reference library with a calculated degree of association. Out of 60 samples, no false positives are present, and the correct identification rate is 75%. Missed identifications are largely due to a weak B. cereus signal in the bacterial mixtures. Potential modifications to the algorithm are presented and result in a higher than 90% correct identification rate for the blind study data, suggesting that this approach has the potential for reliable and accurate automated data analysis of MALDI-MS.
KW  - algorithms
KW  - analysis
KW  - data analysis
KW  - extraction
KW  - identification
KW  - ions
KW  - mass spectrometry
KW  - methodology
KW  - mixtures
KW  - techniques
KW  - Bacillus atrophaeus
KW  - Bacillus cereus
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Pantoea agglomerans
KW  - Pseudomonas putida
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Pantoea
KW  - Pseudomonas
KW  - Pseudomonadaceae
KW  - Pseudomonadales
KW  - bacterium
KW  - E. coli
KW  - methods
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Diagnosis of Human Disease (VV720) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20002010967&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genomic interval engineering of mice identifies a novel modulator of triglyceride production.
AU  - Zhu YiWen
AU  - Jong, M. C.
AU  - Frazer, K. A.
AU  - Gong, E.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
AU  - Cheng JanFang
AU  - Boffelli, D.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
SP  - 1137
EP  - 1142
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Zhu YiWen: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS-84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20000104833.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 31 ref. Subject Subsets: Animal Nutrition; Human Nutrition; Agricultural Biotechnology; Animal Breeding
N2  - The targeted deletion of a 450-kb region on mouse chromosome 11, which, based on computational analysis of the deleted mouse sequences and human 5q orthologous sequences, codes for 9 putative genes, is described. Mice homozygous for the deletion had a variety of abnormalities, including severe hypertriglyceridaemia, hepatic and cardiac enlargement, growth retardation and premature mortality. The mice had a several-fold increase in hepatic very-low density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion, the most prevalent mechanism responsible for hypertriglyceridaemia in humans. A series of mouse bacterial artificial chromosome and human yeast artificial chromosome transgenes covering different intervals of the 450-kb deleted region were assessed for their ability to complement the deletion-induced abnormalities. Organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), a gene recently shown to play a role in carnitine transport, was able to correct the triglyceride abnormalities.
KW  - abnormalities
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - cations
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - deletions
KW  - gene mapping
KW  - genes
KW  - genomes
KW  - growth retardation
KW  - hypertriglyceridaemia
KW  - ion transport
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - metabolism
KW  - mortality
KW  - proteins
KW  - secretion
KW  - targeted mutagenesis
KW  - transgenics
KW  - triacylglycerols
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - death rate
KW  - hypertriglyceridemia
KW  - triglycerides
KW  - Animal Genetics and Breeding (LL240) (New March 2000)
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20000104833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of follicular dendritic cells on decay of HIV during antiretroviral therapy.
AU  - Hlavacek, W. S.
AU  - Stilianakis, N. I.
AU  - Notermans, D. W.
AU  - Danner, S. A.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 97
IS  - 20
SP  - 10966
EP  - 10971
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - National Academy of Sciences
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Hlavacek, W. S.: Theoretical Division, T-10, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20003007666.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 39 ref.
N2  - Drug treatment of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection leads to a rapid initial decay of plasma virus followed by a slower second phase of decay. To investigate the role of HIV-1 retained on follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in this process, we have developed and analysed a mathematical model for HIV-1 dynamics in lymphoid tissue (LT) that includes FDCs. Analysis of clinical data using this model indicates that decay of HIV-1 during therapy may be influenced by release of FDC-associated virus. The biphasic character of viral decay can be explained by reversible multivalent binding of HIV-1 to receptors on FDCs, indicating that the second phase of decay is not necessarily caused by long-lived or latently infected cells. Furthermore, viral clearance and death of short-lived productively infected cells may be faster than previously estimated. The model, with reasonable parameter values, is consistent with kinetic measurements of viral RNA in plasma, viral RNA on FDCs, productively infected cells in LT, and CD4+ T cells in LT during therapy.
KW  - antiretroviral agents
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - CD4+ lymphocytes
KW  - clinical aspects
KW  - drug therapy
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - T lymphocytes
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - CD4+ cells
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - clinical picture
KW  - follicular dendritic cells
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - T cells
KW  - T4 lymphocytes
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Human Immunology and Allergology (VV055) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20003007666&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of uncertainty and variability in exposure to characterize risk: case study involving trichloroethylene groundwater contamination at Beale Air Force Base in California.
AU  - Daniels, J. I.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
AU  - Hall, L. C.
T3  - Special issue: Environmental challenges
JO  - Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 123
IS  - 1/4
SP  - 273
EP  - 298
CY  - Dordrecht; Netherlands
PB  - Kluwer Academic Publishers
SN  - 0049-6979
AD  - Daniels, J. I.: Health & Ecological Assessment Division, Earth & Environmental Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-396, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20003017718.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Note: Special issue: Environmental challenges Language: English.  Number of References: 36 ref. Registry Number: 79-01-6.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers; Public Health; Irrigation & Drainage
N2  - Quantitative assessments of potential human-health consequences from contaminants in environmental media routinely involve conservative deterministic, screening-level calculations of exposure and risk. Because these calculations generally are based on multiple upper-bound point estimates of input parameters, particularly for exposure attributes, they can yield results for decision makers that actually overstate the need for costly remediation. Alternatively, quantifying uncertainty and variability in exposure can provide a more informative and quantitative characterization of health risk. To illustrate, uncertainty and variability in exposure were analysed for a hypothetical population at a specific site in California (USA) where there is trichloroethylene contaminated groundwater and a potential for its residential use. When uncertainty and variability in exposure were addressed jointly, the 95th-percentile upper-bound value of individual excess lifetime cancer risk was a factor approaching 10 lower than the most conservative deterministic estimate. Also, the probability of more than zero additional cases of cancer can be estimated, and in this case study it is less than 0.5 for a prospective residential population of up to 26 900 individuals present for any 7.6-year interval of a 70-year time period. Clearly, this probabilistic approach can provide reasonable and equitable risk-acceptability criteria for contaminated sites.
KW  - case studies
KW  - groundwater pollution
KW  - models
KW  - pollution
KW  - public health
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - trichloroethylene
KW  - uncertainty
KW  - variation
KW  - California
KW  - USA
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - uncertainties
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20003017718&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic analysis reveals epidemiologic patterns in the spread of human immunodeficiency virus.
AU  - Kuiken, C.
AU  - Thakallapalli, R.
AU  - Eskild, A.
AU  - Ronde, A. de
JO  - American Journal of Epidemiology
JF  - American Journal of Epidemiology
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 152
IS  - 9
SP  - 814
EP  - 822
CY  - Baltimore; USA
PB  - Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
SN  - 0002-9262
AD  - Kuiken, C.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group T10, Mail Stop K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013178498.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 77 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - The extreme variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) makes it possible to conduct transmission studies on the basis of genetic analysis and to trace global and local patterns in the spread of the virus. Two such patterns are discussed in this paper. First, in many European countries (e.g., Scotland and Germany), homosexual men tend to be infected with a subtly different variant of HIV-1 than intravenous drug users. In other European countries (e.g., Norway and Sweden), a distinction is also found between the 2 risk groups; but based on available data, the distinction is a different one. The second pattern is a worldwide tendency for homosexual men in many different geographical regions around the world to carry HIV-1 subtype B, the variant that is most prevalent in the Americas, Europe, and Australia. In contrast, people infected via other routes (mostly heterosexual contact) in those same countries carry a mixture of other subtypes. Biological differences between the viruses infecting different risk groups have not been found; the most likely explanation for the findings is different epidemiological patterns. Although data are still scarce, the authors attempt to use these patterns in the reconstruction of the worldwide spread of the HIV epidemic.
KW  - disease transmission
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - genetic analysis
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - viral diseases
KW  - Europe
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - viral infections
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013178498&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - An intuitive formulation for the reproductive number for the spread of diseases in heterogeneous populations.
AU  - Hyman, J. M.
AU  - Li, J.
JO  - Mathematical Biosciences
JF  - Mathematical Biosciences
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 167
IS  - 1
SP  - 65
EP  - 86
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc.
SN  - 0025-5564
AD  - Hyman, J. M.: Theoretical Division, MS-B284, Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023053515.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 43 ref.
N2  - The thresholds for mathematical epidemiology models specify the critical conditions for an epidemic to grow or die out. The reproductive number can provide significant insight into the transmission dynamics of a disease and can guide strategies to control its spread. We define the mean number of contacts, the mean duration of infection, and the mean transmission probability appropriately for certain epidemiological models, and construct a simplified formulation of the reproductive number as the product of these quantities. When the spread of the epidemic depends strongly upon the heterogeneity of the populations, the epidemiological models must account for this heterogeneity, and the expressions for the reproductive number become correspondingly more complex. We formulate several models with different heterogeneous structures and demonstrate how to define the mean quantities for an explicit expression for the reproductive number. In complex heterogeneous models, it seems necessary to define the reproductive number for each structured subgroup or cohort and then use the average of these reproductive numbers weighted by their heterogeneity to estimate the reproductive number for the total population.
KW  - disease transmission
KW  - epidemics
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - human diseases
KW  - infectious diseases
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - communicable diseases
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Protozoan, Helminth and Arthropod Parasites of Humans (VV220) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023053515&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: li@math.uah.edu
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular basis of vitamin E action: tocotrienol potently inhibits glutamate-induced pp60c-Src kinase activation and death of HT4 neuronal cells.
AU  - Sen, C. K.
AU  - Savita Khanna
AU  - Sashwati Roy
AU  - Packer, L.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 275
IS  - 17
SP  - 13049
EP  - 13055
SN  - 0021-9258
AD  - Sen, C. K.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, One Cyclotron Rd., Bldg. 90, Rm. 3031, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001417584.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 63 ref. Registry Number: 59-02-9, 56-86-0, 60-18-4, 1406-18-4.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - HT4 hippocampal neuronal cells were studied to compare the efficacy of tocopherols and tocotrienol to protect against glutamate-induced death. Tocotrienols were more effective than α-tocopherol in preventing glutamate-induced death. Uptake of tocotrienols from the culture medium was more efficient compared with that of α-tocopherol. Vitamin E molecules have potent antioxidant properties. Results show that at low concentrations, tocotrienols may have protected cells by an antioxidant-independent mechanism. Examination of signal transduction pathways revealed that protein tyrosine phosphorylation processes played a central role in the execution of death. Activation of pp60c-Src kinase and phosphorylation of ERK were observed in response to glutamate treatment. Nanomolar amounts of α-tocotrienol, but not α-tocopherol, blocked glutamate-induced death by suppressing glutamate-induced early activation of c-Src kinase. Overexpression of kinase-active c-Src sensitized cells to glutamate-induced death. Tocotrienol treatment prevented death of Src-overexpressing cells treated with glutamate. α-Tocotrienol did not influence activity of recombinant c-Src kinase suggesting that its mechanism of action may include regulation of SH domains. This study provides first evidence describing the molecular basis of tocotrienol action. At a concentration 4-10-fold lower than levels detected in plasma of supplemented humans, tocotrienol regulated unique signal transduction processes that were not sensitive to comparable concentrations of tocopherol.
KW  - alpha-tocopherol
KW  - antioxidants
KW  - glutamic acid
KW  - kinases
KW  - neurons
KW  - phosphorylation
KW  - properties
KW  - regulation
KW  - tocopherols
KW  - tocotrienols
KW  - tyrosine
KW  - uptake
KW  - vitamin E
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - nerve cells
KW  - neurones
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20001417584&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Relationship between expression levels and atherogenesis in scavenger receptor class B, type I transgenics.
AU  - Ueda, Y.
AU  - Gong, E.
AU  - Royer, L.
AU  - Cooper, P. N.
AU  - Francone, O. L.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 275
IS  - 27
SP  - 20368
EP  - 20373
SN  - 0021-9258
AD  - Ueda, Y.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001421607.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 32 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Agricultural Biotechnology; Human Nutrition
N2  - Both in vitro and in vivo studies of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) have implicated it as a likely participant in the metabolism of HDL cholesterol. To investigate the effect of SR-BI on atherogenesis, we examined two lines of SR-BI transgenic mice with high (10-fold increases) and low (2-fold increases) SR-BI expression in an inbred mouse background hemizygous for a human apolipoprotein (apo) B transgene. Unlike non-HDL cholesterol levels that minimally differed in the various groups of animals, HDL cholesterol levels were inversely related to SR-BI expression. Mice with the low expression SR-BI transgene had a 50% reduction in HDL cholesterol, whereas the high expression SR-BI transgene was associated with 2-fold decreases in HDL cholesterol as well as dramatic alterations in HDL composition and size including the near absence of α-migrating particles as determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The low expression SR-BI/apo B transgenics had more than a 2-fold decrease in the development of diet-induced fatty streak lesions compared with the apo B transgenics (4448±1908 µm²/aorta to 10133±4035 µm²/aorta; p<0.001), whereas the high expression SR-BI/apo B transgenics had an atherogenic response similar to that of the apo B transgenics (14692±7238 µm²/aorta) but 3-fold greater than the low SR-BI/apo B mice (p<0.001). The prominent anti-atherogenic effect of moderate SR-BI expression provides in vivo support for the hypothesis that HDL functions to inhibit atherogenesis through its interactions with SR-BI in facilitating reverse cholesterol transport. The failure of the high SR-BI/apo B transgenics to have similar or even greater reductions in atherogenesis suggests that the changes resulting from extremely high SR-BI expression including dramatic changes in lipoproteins may have both pro- and anti-atherogenic consequences, illustrating the complexity of the relationship between SR-BI and atherogenesis.
KW  - atherogenesis
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - composition
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genetically engineered organisms
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - metabolism
KW  - receptors
KW  - transgenic animals
KW  - transgenics
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - genetically engineered animals
KW  - genetically modified animals
KW  - genetically modified organisms
KW  - GEOs
KW  - GMOs
KW  - scavenger receptor class B type I
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20001421607&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains.
AU  - Korber, B.
AU  - Muldoon, M.
AU  - Theiler, J.
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Lapedes, A.
AU  - Hahn, B. H.
AU  - Wolinsky, S.
AU  - Bhattacharya, T.
JO  - Science (Washington)
JF  - Science (Washington)
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 288
IS  - 5472
SP  - 1789
EP  - 1796
SN  - 0036-8075
AD  - Korber, B.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20002012178.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 56 ref.
N2  - HIV-1 sequences were analysed to estimate the timing of the ancestral sequence of the main group of HIV-1, the strains responsible for the AIDS pandemic. Using parallel supercomputers and assuming a constant rate of evolution, we applied maximum-likelihood phylogenetic methods to unprecedented amounts of data for this calculation. The approach was validated by correctly estimating the timing of two historically documented points. Using a comprehensive full-length envelope sequence alignment, the date of the last common ancestor of the main group of HIV-1 was estimated to be 1931 (1915-41). Analysis of a gag gene alignment, subregions of envelope including additional sequences, and a method that relaxed the assumption of a strict molecular clock also supported these results.
KW  - evolution
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - strains
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20002012178&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 1 associates with the band 3 binding domain of ankyrin in the infected red cell membrane.
AU  - Magowan, C.
AU  - Nunomura, W.
AU  - Waller, K. L.
AU  - Yeung, J.
AU  - Liang, J.
AU  - Dort, H. van
AU  - Low, P. S.
AU  - Coppel, R. L.
AU  - Mohandas, N.
JO  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Molecular Basis of Disease
JF  - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Molecular Basis of Disease
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 1502
IS  - 3
SP  - 461
EP  - 470
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science Publishers B.V, Biomedical Division
SN  - 0925-4439
AD  - Magowan, C.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, One Cyclotron Road, MS 157, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013152017.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 59 ref. Registry Number: 71-00-1.  Subject Subsets: Protozoology; Tropical Diseases
N2  - Infection of erythrocytes by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum results in the export of several parasite proteins into the erythrocyte cytoplasm. Changes occur in the infected erythrocyte due to altered phosphorylation of proteins and to novel interactions between host and parasite proteins, particularly at the membrane skeleton. In erythrocytes, the spectrin based red cell membrane skeleton is linked to the erythrocyte plasma membrane through interactions of ankyrin with spectrin and band 3. Here we report an association between the P. falciparum histidine-rich protein (PfHRP1) and phosphorylated proteolytic fragments of red cell ankyrin. Immunochemical, biochemical and biophysical studies indicate that the 89 kDa band 3 binding domain and the 62 kDa spectrin-binding domain of ankyrin are co-precipitated by mAb 89 against PfHRP1, and that native and recombinant ankyrin fragments bind to the 5′ repeat region of PfHRP1. PfHRP1 is responsible for anchoring the parasite cytoadherence ligand to the erythrocyte membrane skeleton, and this additional interaction with ankyrin would strengthen the ability of PfEMP1 to resist shear stress.
KW  - binding proteins
KW  - cytoadherence
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - histidine
KW  - human diseases
KW  - malaria
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - ankyrin
KW  - blood red cells
KW  - carrier proteins
KW  - cell adhesion
KW  - red blood cells
KW  - spectrin
KW  - Protozoan, Helminth and Arthropod Parasites of Humans (VV220) (New March 2000)
KW  - Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms (ZZ394) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013152017&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Contents in foods, beverages and tobacco.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Jägerstad, M.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Skog, K.
AU  - Wakabayashi, K.
A2  - Nagao, M.
A2  - Sugimura, T.
T2  - Food borne carcinogens: heterocyclic amines.
JO  - Food borne carcinogens: heterocyclic amines.
JF  - Food borne carcinogens: heterocyclic amines.
Y1  - 2000///
SP  - 31
EP  - 71
CY  - Chichester; UK
PB  - John Wiley & Sons Ltd
SN  - 0471983993
AD  - Felton, J. S.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20001417463.  Publication Type: Miscellaneous.  Language: English.  Number of References: 140 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - This chapter reviews the occurrence of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in the diet and in tobacco products. Topics of focus include: precursors and formation of amino-carbolines; precursors for the formation of imidazoquinoline and imidazoquinoxaline compounds; precursors for the formation of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, DMIP and 2-amino-1,5,6-trimethylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine; fat oxidation, free radicals, pro- and antioxidants; cooking conditions for HCA formation; occurrence and distribution of HCA precursors in foods; food, flavour and beverage sample analysis; sample extraction; chromatography and detection of HCAs; identification and quantification of HCAs in various foods; modifying cooking practices to reduce the formation of HCAs; additional mutagenic compounds in foods; and HCAs in tobacco.
KW  - amines
KW  - antioxidants
KW  - beverages
KW  - cooking
KW  - fats
KW  - free radicals
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - oxidants
KW  - oxidation
KW  - tobacco
KW  - man
KW  - Nicotiana
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Solanales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - cancers
KW  - drinks
KW  - oxidizing agents
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prevention of viral drug resistance by novel combination therapy.
AU  - Mangel, W. F.
AU  - Brown, M. T.
AU  - Baniecki, M. L.
AU  - Barnard, D.
AU  - McGrath, W. J.
JO  - Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs
JF  - Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
SP  - 613
EP  - 616
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Thomson Current Drugs
SN  - 2040-3429
AD  - Mangel, W. F.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043163032.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - A new form of antiviral clinical therapy is proposed in which three different drugs are administered against three different targets on the same virus-coded protein. If the physiological functions of the three different target sites are not independent of each other, then a mutation conferring drug resistance at one site may alter the physiological functions at the other sites and further drug resistance may not arise. The adenovirus proteinase, with its two cofactors that act synergistically on enzyme activity, may be a good model system within which to test the efficacy of this form of combination therapy.
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - cofactors
KW  - drug resistance
KW  - drugs
KW  - enzyme activity
KW  - multiple drug therapy
KW  - mutations
KW  - proteinases
KW  - synergism
KW  - viral proteins
KW  - Adenoviridae
KW  - dsDNA viruses
KW  - DNA viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - combination drug therapy
KW  - medicines
KW  - pharmaceuticals
KW  - proteases
KW  - synergy
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Pesticide and Drug Resistance (HH410) 
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
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UR  - email: Mangel@BNL.Gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bioaccessibility of mercury in soils.
AU  - Barnett, M. O.
AU  - Turner, R. R.
JO  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
JF  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
SP  - 301
EP  - 316
CY  - Boca Raton; USA
PB  - CRC Press Inc.
AD  - Barnett, M. O.: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013085781.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 14 ref. Registry Number: 7487-94-7, 7439-97-6.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - The initial risk assessment for the East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) floodplain in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, a Superfund site heavily contaminated with mercury, was based on a reference dose for mercuric chloride. Mercuric chloride, however, is a soluble mercury compound not expected to be present in the floodplain, which is frequently saturated with water. Previous investigations had suggested that mercury in the EFPC floodplain was less soluble and therefore potentially less bioavailable than mercuric chloride, possibly making the results of the risk assessment unduly conservative. A bioaccessibility study, designed to measure the amount of mercury available for absorption in a child's digestive tract (the most critical risk pathway endpoint), was performed on 20 soils from the EFPC floodplain. The average bioaccessible mercury for the 20 soils was 5.3%, compared with 100% of the mercuric chloride subjected to the same conditions. The alteration of the procedure to more closely mimic conditions in the digestive tract did not significantly change the results. Therefore, the use of a reference dose for mercuric chloride at EFPC, and potentially at other mercury-contaminated sites, without incorporating a corresponding bioavailability adjustment factor may overestimate the risk posed by the site.
KW  - bioavailability
KW  - floodplains
KW  - mercuric chloride
KW  - mercury
KW  - pollutants
KW  - polluted soils
KW  - public health
KW  - remediation
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - soil pollution
KW  - soil types
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - USA
KW  - Appalachian States of USA
KW  - Southern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - East South Central States of USA
KW  - flood plains
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Decontamination issues for chemical and biological warfare agents: how clean is clean enough?
AU  - Raber, E.
AU  - Jin, A.
AU  - Noonan, K.
AU  - McGuire, R.
AU  - Kirvel, R. D.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
SP  - 128
EP  - 148
CY  - Basingstoke; UK
PB  - Carfax Publishing, Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 0960-3123
AD  - Raber, E.: Environmental Protection Department, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-626, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013075945.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 47 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - The objective of this assessment is to determine what level of cleanup will be required to meet regulatory and stakeholder needs in the case of a chemical and/or biological incident at a civilian facility. A literature review for selected, potential chemical and biological warfare agents shows that dose information is often lacking or controversial. Environmental regulatory limits or other industrial health guidelines that could be used to help establish cleanup concentration levels for such agents are generally unavailable or not applicable for a public setting. Although dose information, cleanup criteria, and decontamination protocols all present challenges to effective planning, several decontamination approaches are available. Such approaches should be combined with risk-informed decision making to establish reasonable cleanup goals for protecting health, property, and resources. Key issues during a risk assessment are to determine exactly what constitutes a safety hazard and whether decontamination is necessary or not for a particular scenario. An important conclusion is that cleanup criteria are site dependent and stakeholder specific. The results of a modeling exercise for two outdoor scenarios are presented to reinforce this conclusion. Public perception of risk to health, public acceptance of recommendations based on scientific criteria, political support, time constraints, and economic concerns must all be addressed in the context of a specific scenario to yield effective and acceptable decontamination.
KW  - biological warfare
KW  - chemicals
KW  - decontamination
KW  - health protection
KW  - human diseases
KW  - infectious diseases
KW  - pollution
KW  - reviews
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - bacteria
KW  - man
KW  - viruses
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - communicable diseases
KW  - environmental pollution
KW  - Environmental Pest Management (HH200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - U.S. dietary exposures to heterocyclic amines.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
AU  - Keating, G. A.
JO  - Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology
JF  - Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
SP  - 155
EP  - 168
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Nature America, Inc.
SN  - 1053-4245
AD  - Bogen, K. T.: Health & Ecological Assessment Division (L-396), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023077315.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 90 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health; Human Nutrition; Poultry
N2  - Heterocyclic amines (HAs) formed in fried, broiled or grilled meats are potent mutagens that increase rates of colon, mammary, prostate and other cancers in bioassay rodents. Studies of how human dietary HA exposures may affect cancer risks have so far relied on fairly crudely defined HA-exposure categories. Recently, an integrated, quantitative approach to HA-exposure assessment (HAEA) was developed to estimate compound-specific intakes for particular individuals based on corresponding HA-concentration estimates that reflect their meat-type, intake-rate, cooking-method and meat-doneness preferences. This method was applied in the present study to US national Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) data on meats consumed and cooking methods used by >25 000 people, after adjusting for underreported energy intake and conditional on meat-doneness preferences estimated from additional survey data. The US population average lifetime time-weighted average of total HAs consumed was estimated to be ~9 ng/kg/day, with 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) estimated to comprise about two-thirds of this intake. Pan-fried meats were the largest source of HA in the diet and chicken the largest source of HAs among different meat types. Estimated total HA intakes by male vs. female children were generally similar, with those by (0- to 15-year-old) children ~25% greater than those by (16+-year-old) adults. Race-, age- and sex-specific mean HA intakes were estimated to be greatest for African American males, who were estimated to consume ~2- and ~3-fold more PhIP than white males at ages <16 and 30+ years, respectively, after considering a relatively greater preference for more well-done items among African Americans based on national survey data. This difference in PhIP intakes may at least partly explain why prostate cancer (PC) kills ~2-fold more African American than white men, in view of experimental data indicating that PhIP mutates prostate DNA and causes prostate tumours in rats.
KW  - African Americans
KW  - age
KW  - amines
KW  - chicken meat
KW  - children
KW  - diets
KW  - ethnic groups
KW  - exposure
KW  - food consumption
KW  - fried foods
KW  - human diseases
KW  - intake
KW  - meat
KW  - mutagens
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - poultry
KW  - prostate
KW  - prostate cancer
KW  - risk
KW  - sex differences
KW  - California
KW  - USA
KW  - fowls
KW  - man
KW  - Gallus gallus
KW  - Gallus
KW  - Phasianidae
KW  - Galliformes
KW  - birds
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - cancers
KW  - chickens
KW  - domesticated birds
KW  - heterocyclic amines
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Social Psychology and Social Anthropology (UU485) (New March 2000)
KW  - Diet Studies (VV110) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
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UR  - email: bogen@LLNL.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Crystal structure of outer surface protein C (OspC) from the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi.
AU  - Kumaran, D.
AU  - Eswaramoorthy, S.
AU  - Luft, B. J.
AU  - Koide, S.
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - Lawson, C. L.
AU  - Swaminathan, S.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
SP  - 971
EP  - 978
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Oxford University Press
SN  - 0261-4189
AD  - Kumaran, D.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013030849.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 44 ref. Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - Outer surface protein C (OspC) is a major antigen on the surface of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, when it is being transmitted to humans. Crystal structures of OspC have been determined for strains HB19 and B31 to 1.8 and 2.5 Å resolution, respectively. The three-dimensional structure is predominantly helical. This is in contrast to the structure of OspA, a major surface protein mainly present when spirochetes are residing in the midgut of unfed ticks, which is mostly β-sheet. The surface of OspC that would project away from the spirochete's membrane has a region of strong negative electrostatic potential which may be involved in binding to positively charged host ligands. This feature is present only on OspCs from strains known to cause invasive human disease.
KW  - antigens
KW  - human diseases
KW  - ligands
KW  - Lyme disease
KW  - midgut
KW  - surface proteins
KW  - Borrelia
KW  - Borrelia burgdorferi
KW  - Metastigmata
KW  - Spirochaetaceae
KW  - Spirochaetales
KW  - Spirochaetes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Borrelia
KW  - Acari
KW  - Arachnida
KW  - arthropods
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - antigenicity
KW  - bacterium
KW  - immunogens
KW  - lyme borreliosis
KW  - membrane proteins
KW  - spirochaete
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dietary and genetic effects on low-density lipoprotein heterogeneity.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
JO  - Annual Review of Nutrition
JF  - Annual Review of Nutrition
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 21
SP  - 283
EP  - 295
CY  - Palo Alto; USA
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc
SN  - 0199-9885
AD  - Krauss, R. M.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013132896.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 70 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - We have tested whether differences in distribution and dietary responsiveness of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses contribute to the variability in the magnitude of LDL-cholesterol reduction induced by diets low in total and saturated fat and high in carbohydrate. Our studies have focused on a common, genetically influenced metabolic profile, characterized by a predominance of small, dense LDL particles (subclass pattern B), that is associated with a two- to threefold increase in risk for coronary artery disease. We have found that healthy normolipidaemic individuals with this trait show a greater reduction in LDL cholesterol and particle number in response to low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets than do unaffected individuals (subclass pattern A). Moreover, such diets result in reduced LDL particle size, with induction of pattern B in a substantial proportion of pattern A men. Recent studies have indicated that this response is under genetic influence. Future identification of the specific genes involved may lead to improved targeting of dietary therapies aimed at reducing cardiovascular disease risk.
KW  - cardiovascular diseases
KW  - dietary carbohydrate
KW  - dietary fat
KW  - diets
KW  - food intake
KW  - genes
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - metabolism
KW  - reviews
KW  - risk
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - coronary diseases
KW  - source fat
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Methylated mercury species in municipal waste landfill gas sampled in Florida, USA.
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Wallschläger, D.
AU  - Prestbo, E. M.
AU  - Bloom, N. S.
AU  - Price, J.
AU  - Reinhart, D.
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 35
IS  - 23
SP  - 4011
EP  - 4015
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Pergamon Press
SN  - 1352-2310
AD  - Lindberg, S. E.: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013111276.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 21 ref. Registry Number: 7439-97-6, 74-82-8.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Mercury-bearing material has been placed in municipal landfills from a wide array of sources including fluorescent lights, batteries, electrical switches, thermometers, and general waste. Despite its known volatility, persistence, and toxicity in the environment, the fate of mercury in landfills has not been widely studied. The nature of landfills designed to reduce waste through generation of methane by anaerobic bacteria suggests the possibility that these systems might also serve as bioreactors for the production of methylated mercury compounds. The toxicity of such species mandates the need to determine if they are emitted in municipal landfill gas (LFG). In a previous study, we had measured levels of total gaseous mercury (TGM) in LFG in the µg/m3 range in two Florida landfills, and elevated levels of monomethyl mercury (MMM) were identified in LFG condensate, suggesting the possible existence of gaseous organic Hg compounds in LFG. In the current study, we measured TGM, Hg0, and methylated mercury compounds directly in LFG from another Florida landfill (USA). Again, TGM was in the µg/m3 range, MMM was found in condensate, and this time we positively identified dimethyl mercury (DMM) in the LGF in the ng/m3 range. These results identify landfills as a possible anthropogenic source of DMM emissions to air, and may help explain the reports of MMM in continental rainfall.
KW  - atmosphere
KW  - gases
KW  - landfills
KW  - mercury
KW  - methane
KW  - refuse
KW  - Florida
KW  - USA
KW  - Gulf States of USA
KW  - Southern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - South Atlantic States of USA
KW  - Southeastern States of USA
KW  - municipal wastes
KW  - trash
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Meteorology and Climate (PP500) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Methods for estimating heterocyclic amine concentrations in cooked meats in the US diet.
AU  - Keating, G. A.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
SP  - 29
EP  - 43
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Pergamon Press
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Keating, G. A.: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013036087.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 53 ref. Subject Subsets: Poultry; Human Nutrition
N2  - Heterocyclic amines (HAs) are formed in numerous cooked foods commonly consumed in the diet. A method was developed to estimate dietary HA levels using HA concentrations in experimentally cooked meats reported in the literature and meat consumption data obtained from a national dietary survey. Cooking variables (meat internal temperature and weight loss, surface temperature and time) were used to develop relationships for estimating total HA concentrations in six meat types. Concentrations of five individual HAs were estimated for specific meat type/cooking method combinations based on linear regression of total and individual HA values obtained from the literature. Using these relationships, total and individual HA concentrations were estimated for 21 meat type/cooking method combinations at four meat doneness levels. Reported consumption of the 21 meat type/cooking method combinations was obtained from a national dietary survey and the age-specific daily HA intake calculated using the estimated HA concentrations (ng/g) and reported meat intakes. Estimated mean daily total HA intakes for children (to age 15 years) and adults (30+ years) were 11 and 7.0 ng/kg/day, respectively, with 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) estimated to comprise approximately 65% of each intake. Pan-fried meats were the largest source of HA in the diet and chicken the largest source of HAs among the different meat types.
KW  - amines
KW  - chicken meat
KW  - cooking
KW  - dietary surveys
KW  - diets
KW  - food consumption
KW  - heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
KW  - meat
KW  - poultry
KW  - fowls
KW  - Gallus gallus
KW  - Gallus
KW  - Phasianidae
KW  - Galliformes
KW  - birds
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chickens
KW  - domesticated birds
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Diet Studies (VV110) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
T1  - Short-term measures of relative efficacy predict longer-term reductions in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels following nelfinavir monotherapy.
AU  - Mittler, J.
AU  - Essunger, P.
AU  - Yuen, G. J.
AU  - Clendeninn, N.
AU  - Markowitz, M.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
JF  - Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 45
IS  - 5
SP  - 1438
EP  - 1443
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - ASM Press, American Society for Microbiology
SN  - 0066-4804
AD  - Mittler, J.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, MS-K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013069938.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 41 ref. Registry Number: 63231-63-0, 159989-64-7.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - We calculated the relative efficacy of treatment, defined as the rate of decline of virus levels in plasma during treatment relative to the rate of decline during highly potent combination therapy, in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) patients from New York, USA, treated for 56 days with different doses of the protease inhibitor nelfinavir [date not given]. Relative efficacies based on the rate of decline of HIV-1 RNA levels in plasma over the first 14 to 21 days correlated with drug dose and viral load reduction by day 56. Calculation of relative treatment efficacies over the first 2 to 3 weeks of treatment can allow rapid assessment of new antiretroviral agents and dosing regimens, reducing the need to keep subjects in clinical trials on monotherapy for prolonged periods of time. Relative efficacy may also serve as a measure of treatment efficacy in patients in initiating established therapies.
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - drug therapy
KW  - efficacy
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - nelfinavir
KW  - RNA
KW  - New York
KW  - USA
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Middle Atlantic States of USA
KW  - Northeastern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - ribonucleic acid
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013069938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Suspension array technology: new tools for gene and protein analysis.
AU  - Nolan, J. P.
AU  - Mandy, F. F.
T3  - Biomedicl research on health diaprities. Part II.
JO  - Cellular and Molecular Biology
JF  - Cellular and Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 47
IS  - 7
SP  - 1241
EP  - 1256
CY  - Noisy-le-Grand; France
PB  - C.M.B. Association
SN  - 0145-5680
AD  - Nolan, J. P.: National Flow Cytometry Resource, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023018393.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Note: Biomedicl research on health diaprities. Part II. Language: English.  Number of References: 44 ref.
N2  - Flow cytometry has long been a key tool in the analysis of lymphocytes and other cells, owing to its ability to make quantitative, homogeneous, multiparameter measurements of particles. New developments in illumination sources, digital signal processing and microsphere chemistry are driving the development of flow cytometry in new areas of biomedical research. In particular, the maturation of approaches to perform highly parallel analyses using suspension arrays of microspheres with different morphospectral features is making flow cytometry an important tool in protein and genetic analysis. In this paper, we review the development of suspension array technology (SAT), current applications in protein and genomic analysis, and the prospects for this platform in a variety of large scale screening applications.
KW  - biological techniques
KW  - flow cytometry
KW  - genetic analysis
KW  - protein analysis
KW  - reviews
KW  - screening
KW  - screening tests
KW  - Diagnosis of Human Disease (VV720) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023018393&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: nolan@telomere.lanl.gov\frank_mandy@fhc-sc.gc.ca
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Electrospray ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometric analysis of wine.
AU  - Cooper, H. J.
AU  - Marshall, A. G.
JO  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 49
IS  - 12
SP  - 5710
EP  - 5718
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Chemical Society
SN  - 0021-8561
AD  - Cooper, H. J.: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023002106.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 56 ref. Registry Number: 57-50-1.  Subject Subsets: Sugar Industry; Human Nutrition
N2  - Positive- and negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry is used for direct analysis of five wines (California Red, Corbiere, Zinfandel, Beaujolais, and Sauvignon Blanc), without any prior separation or purification steps. The high mass resolving power (typically m/Δm50%≥80 000, in which Δm50% is mass spectral peak full width at half-maximum peak height) and mass accuracy (≤1 ppm) of FT-ICR mass spectrometry make it ideal for the study of complex mixtures such as wine, because the components are simultaneously resolved and identified as to elemental composition. Moreover, the high dynamic range of the instrument is advantageous for identifying trace components. The positive-ion mass spectra obtained from the wines were somewhat similar and were dominated by sucrose and (for red wines) anthocyanins. More than 30 compounds (phenolics and carbohydrates) were identified. The negative-ion mass spectra exhibited much greater variation among different wines, with several compounds peculiar to each wine. Elemental compositions could be assigned with high confidence to 76-94% of negative ions of >10% relative abundance. The present results suggest that it may be possible to fingerprint a wine on the basis of its negative-ion ESI FT-ICR mass spectrum.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - anthocyanins
KW  - carbohydrates
KW  - phenols
KW  - purification
KW  - separation
KW  - spectrometry
KW  - sucrose
KW  - wines
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry
KW  - saccharides
KW  - saccharose
KW  - separating
KW  - Sugar and Sugar Products (QQ020) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023002106&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evolutionary and immunological implications of contemporary HIV-1 variation.
AU  - Korber, B.
AU  - Gaschen, B.
AU  - Yusim, K.
AU  - Thakallapally, R.
AU  - Kesmir, C.
AU  - Detours, V.
JO  - British Medical Bulletin
JF  - British Medical Bulletin
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 58
SP  - 19
EP  - 42
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Oxford University Press
SN  - 0007-1420
AD  - Korber, B.: Division of Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 98545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023130163.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - immune response
KW  - strains
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - genetic variability
KW  - genotypic variability
KW  - genotypic variation
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - immunity reactions
KW  - immunological reactions
KW  - Human Immunology and Allergology (VV055) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023130163&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Detecting and genotyping Escherichia coli O157:H7 using multiplexed PCR and nucleic acid microarrays.
AU  - Call, D. R.
AU  - Brockman, F. J.
AU  - Chandler, D. P.
JO  - International Journal of Food Microbiology
JF  - International Journal of Food Microbiology
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 67
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 71
EP  - 80
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science B.V.
SN  - 0168-1605
AD  - Call, D. R.: Environmental Microbiology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013105586.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 31 ref.
N2  - Rapid detection and characterization of food borne pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 is crucial for epidemiological investigations and food safety surveillance. As an alternative to conventional technologies, we examined the sensitivity and specificity of nucleic acid microarrays for detecting and genotyping E. coli O157:H7. The array was composed of oligonucleotide probes (25-30 mer) complementary to four virulence loci (intimin, Shiga-like toxins I and II, and hemolysin A). Target DNA was amplified from whole cells or from purified DNA via single or multiplexed polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and PCR products were hybridized to the array without further modification or purification. The array was 32-fold more sensitive than gel electrophoresis and capable of detecting amplification products from < 1 cell equivalent of genomic DNA (1 fg). Immunomagnetic capture, PCR and a microarray were subsequently used to detect 55 CFU ml-1 (E. coli O157:H7) from chicken rinsate without the aid of pre-enrichment. Four isolates of E. coli O157:H7 and one isolate of O91:H2, for which genotypic data were available, were unambiguously genotyped with this array. Glass-based microarrays are relatively simple to construct and provide a rapid and sensitive means to detect multiplexed PCR products; the system is amenable to automation.
KW  - nucleic acids
KW  - oligonucleotides
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - bacterium
KW  - E. coli
KW  - Escherichia coli O157H7
KW  - genotyping
KW  - microarrays
KW  - PCR
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013105586&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Automated immunomagnetic separation and microarray detection of E. coli O157:H7 from poultry carcass rinse.
AU  - Chandler, D. P.
AU  - Brown, J.
AU  - Call, D. R.
AU  - Wunschel, S.
AU  - Grate, J. W.
AU  - Holman, D. A.
AU  - Olson, L.
AU  - Stottlemyre, M. S.
AU  - Bruckner-Lea, C. J.
JO  - International Journal of Food Microbiology
JF  - International Journal of Food Microbiology
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 70
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 143
EP  - 154
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science B.V.
SN  - 0168-1605
AD  - Chandler, D. P.: Analytical Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mail Stop P7-50, 900 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013158888.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 36 ref. Subject Subsets: Poultry; Veterinary Science; Veterinary Science; Agricultural Engineering
N2  - We describe the development and application of an electromagnetic flow cell and fluidics system for automated immunomagnetic separation (IMS) of Escherichia coli O157:H7 directly from poultry carcass rinse. We further describe the biochemical coupling of automated sample preparation with nucleic acid microarrays. Both the cell concentration system and microarray detection method did not require cell growth or enrichment from the poultry carcass rinse prior to IMS. Highly porous Ni foam was used to enhance the magnetic field gradient within the flow path, providing a mechanism for immobilizing immunomagnetic particles throughout the fluid rather than the tubing wall. A maximum of 32% recovery efficiency of non-pathogenic E. coli was achieved within the automated system with 6 s cell contact times using commercially available antibodies targeted against the O and K antigens. A 15-min protocol (from sample injection though elution) provided a cell recovery efficiency that was statistically similar to >1 h batch captures. O157:H7 cells were reproducibly isolated directly from poultry carcass rinse with 39% recovery efficiency at 103 CFU/ml inoculum. Direct plating of washed beads showed positive recovery of O157:H7 directly from poultry carcass rinse at an inoculum of 10 CFU/ml. Recovered beads were used for direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and microarray detection, with a process-level detection limit (automated cell concentration though microarray detection) of <103 CFU/ml in poultry carcass rinse.
KW  - automation
KW  - carcasses
KW  - food
KW  - food contamination
KW  - food inspection
KW  - food safety
KW  - magnetic separation
KW  - meat quality
KW  - microbial contamination
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - poultry
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - domesticated birds
KW  - E. coli
KW  - food contaminants
KW  - immunomagnetic bead separation
KW  - microarrays
KW  - PCR
KW  - Automation and Control (NN050) 
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013158888&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype and diet-gene interactions.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 131
IS  - 2
SP  - 340S
EP  - 343S
CY  - Bethesda; USA
PB  - American Society for Nutritional Sciences
SN  - 0022-3166
AD  - Krauss, R. M.: Department of Molecular and Nuclear Medicine, Life Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023109902.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 42 ref. Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Studies employing analysis of low density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses have demonstrated heterogeneity of the LDL response to low fat, high carbohydrate diets in healthy nonobese subjects. In individuals with a genetically influenced atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype, characterized by a predominance of small dense LDL (LDL subclass pattern B), lowering of plasma LDL cholesterol levels by diets with ≤24% fat has been found to represent a reduction in numbers of circulating mid-sized and small LDL particles, and hence an expected lowering of cardiovascular disease risk. In contrast, in the majority of healthy individuals with larger LDL (pattern A, found in ~70% of men and a larger percentage of women), a significant proportion of the low fat diet-induced reduction in plasma LDL cholesterol is made by depletion of the cholesterol content of LDL particles. This change in LDL composition is accompanied by a shift from larger to smaller LDL particle diameters. Moreover, with progressive reduction of dietary fat and isocaloric substitution of carbohydrate, an increasing number of subjects with pattern A convert to the pattern B phenotype. Studies in families have indicated that susceptibility to induction of pattern B by low fat diets is under genetic influence. Thus, diet-gene interactions affecting LDL subclass patterns may contribute to substantial interindividual variability in the effects of low fat diets on coronary heart disease risk.
KW  - atherogenesis
KW  - carbohydrates
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - dietary fat
KW  - fat restricted diets
KW  - genes
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - heritability
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - phenotypes
KW  - reviews
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - coronary diseases
KW  - diet-gene interactions
KW  - heritable characters
KW  - low density lipoprotein cholesterol
KW  - saccharides
KW  - source fat
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023109902&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Regulation of inducible adhesion molecule expression in human endothelial cells by grape seed proanthocyanidin extract.
AU  - Sen, C. K.
AU  - Bagchi, D.
JO  - Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
JF  - Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 216
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
CY  - Dordrecht; Netherlands
PB  - Kluwer Academic Publishers
SN  - 0300-8177
AD  - Sen, C. K.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Technologies Division, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013020090.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 35 ref. Registry Number: 308079-78-9.  Subject Subsets: Seed Science
N2  - Altered expression of cell adhesion molecule expression has been implicated in a variety of chronic inflammatory conditions. Regulation of adhesion molecule expression by specific redox sensitive mechanisms has been reported. Grape seed proanthocyanidins have been reported to have potent antioxidant properties. We evaluated the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on the expression of TNFα-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). GSPE at low concentrations (1-5 µg/ml), down-regulated TNFα-induced VCAM-1 expression but not ICAM-1 expression in HUVEC. Such regulation of inducible VCAM-1 by GSPE was also observed at the mRNA expression level. A cell-cell co-culture assay was performed to verify whether the inhibitory effect of GSPE on the expression of VCAM-1 was also effective in down-regulating actual endothelial cell/leukocyte interaction. GSPE treatment significantly decreased TNFα-induced adherence of T-cells to HUVEC. Although several studies have postulated NF-κB as the molecular site where redox active substances act to regulate agonist-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 gene expression, inhibition of inducible VCAM-1 gene expression by GSPE was not through a NF-κB-dependent pathway as detected by a NF-κB reporter assay. The potent inhibitory effect of low concentrations of GSPE on agonist-induced VCAM-1 expression suggests therapeutic potential of this extract in inflammatory conditions and other pathologies involving altered expression of VCAM-1.
KW  - gene expression
KW  - grape seeds
KW  - plant extracts
KW  - regulation
KW  - tumour necrosis factor
KW  - umbilicus
KW  - veins
KW  - man
KW  - Crassulaceae
KW  - Rosales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - adhesion molecules
KW  - cachectin
KW  - cachexin
KW  - proanthocyanidins
KW  - Saxifragales
KW  - tumor necrosis factor
KW  - Non-food/Non-feed Plant Products (SS200) 
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013020090&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A systemic biokinetic model for polonium.
AU  - Leggett, R. W.
AU  - Eckerman, K. F.
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 275
IS  - 1/3
SP  - 109
EP  - 125
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science B.V.
SN  - 0048-9697
AD  - Leggett, R. W.: Life Sciences Division, Commerce Park, Building 1060COM, MS6480, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013099954.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 50 ref. Registry Number: 7440-08-6.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Although the biokinetics of polonium has been studied extensively, interpretation of the data is complicated by potential differences with species and route of exposure and the questionable reliability of much of the reported excretion data for man. A study was undertaken to identify the data that are most likely to represent the typical behaviour of polonium and apply those data to construct an improved, physiologically realistic systemic biokinetic model for polonium in man. Such a model is needed for interpretation of urinary excretion data for workers exposed to 210Po and reconstruction of the radiation doses received by those workers. This paper reviews the database on the biokinetics of polonium and describes a new systemic biokinetic model for polonium in man.
KW  - excretion
KW  - kinetics
KW  - models
KW  - occupational hazards
KW  - occupational health
KW  - polonium
KW  - radiation
KW  - reviews
KW  - urine
KW  - workers
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Occupational Health and Safety (VV900) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013099954&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Using human immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequences to infer historical features of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome epidemic and human immunodeficiency virus evolution.
AU  - Yusim, K.
AU  - Peeters, M.
AU  - Pybus, O. G.
AU  - Bhattacharya, T.
AU  - Delaporte, E.
AU  - Mulanga, C.
AU  - Muldoon, M.
AU  - Theiler, J.
AU  - Korber, B.
A2  - Weiss, R. A.
A2  - Wain-Hobson, S.
JO  - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
JF  - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 356
IS  - 1410
SP  - 855
EP  - 866
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Royal Society
SN  - 0962-8436
AD  - Yusim, K.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, PO Box 1663, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013109976.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 73 ref. Subject Subsets: Tropical Diseases
N2  - In earlier work, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequences were analysed to estimate the timing of the ancestral sequence of the main group of HIV-1, the virus that is responsible for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome pandemic, yielding a best estimate of 1931 (95% confidence interval, 1915-1941). That work will be briefly reviewed, outlining how phylogenetic tools were extended to incorporate improved evolutionary models, how the molecular clock model was adapted to incorporate variable periods of latency, and how the approach was validated by correctly estimating the timing of two historically documented dates. The advantages, limitations, and assumptions of the approach will be summarized, with particular consideration of the implications of branch length uncertainty and recombination. We have recently undertaken new phylogenetic analysis of an extremely diverse set of human immunodeficiency virus envelope sequences from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (the DRC, formerly Zaire). This analysis both corroborates and extends the conclusions of our original study. Coalescent methods were used to infer the demographic history of the HIV-1 epidemic in the DRC, and the results suggest an increase in the exponential growth rate of the infected population through time.
KW  - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - evolution
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - molecular epidemiology
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - phylogenetics
KW  - recombination
KW  - reviews
KW  - Congo Democratic Republic
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - ACP Countries
KW  - Central Africa
KW  - Africa South of Sahara
KW  - Africa
KW  - Francophone Africa
KW  - Least Developed Countries
KW  - Developing Countries
KW  - AIDS
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - genetic recombination
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - Zaire
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013109976&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The origin of acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Darwinian or Lamarckian?
AU  - Burr, T.
AU  - Hyman, J. M.
AU  - Myers, G.
A2  - Weiss, R. A.
A2  - Wain-Hobson, S.
JO  - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
JF  - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 356
IS  - 1410
SP  - 877
EP  - 887
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Royal Society
SN  - 0962-8436
AD  - Burr, T.: Mail Stop E541, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013109978.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref.
N2  - The subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M exhibit a remarkable similarity in their between-subtype distances, which we refer to as high synchrony. The shape of the phylogenetic tree of these subtypes is referred to as a sunburst to distinguish it from a simple star phylogeny. Neither a sunburst pattern nor a comparable degree of symmetry is seen in a natural process such as in feline immunodeficiency virus evolution. We conducted forward-process simulation studies employing coalescent theory to investigate whether such highly synchronized subtypes could be readily produced by natural Darwinian evolution. The forward model included both classical (macro) and molecular (micro) epidemiological components. HIV-1 group M subtype synchrony was quantified using the standard deviation of the between-subtype distances and the average of the within-subtype distances. Highly synchronized subtypes and a sunburst phylogeny were not observed in our simulated data, leading to the conclusion that a quasi-Lamarckian, punctuated event occurred. The natural transfer theory for the origin of human acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cannot easily be reconciled with these findings and it is as if a recent non-Darwinian process took place coincident with the rise of AIDS in Africa.
KW  - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - evolution
KW  - genes
KW  - human diseases
KW  - Lamarckism
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - origin
KW  - phylogenetics
KW  - phylogeny
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - AIDS
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - inheritance of acquired characters
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013109978&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Brain dopamine and obesity.
AU  - Wang, G. J.
AU  - Volkow, N. D.
AU  - Logan, J.
AU  - Pappas, N. R.
AU  - Wong, C. T.
AU  - Zhu Wei
AU  - Netusil, N.
AU  - Fowler, J. S.
JO  - Lancet (British edition)
JF  - Lancet (British edition)
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 357
IS  - 9253
SP  - 354
EP  - 357
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Lancet Limited
SN  - 0140-6736
AD  - Wang, G. J.: Department of Medicine, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013018627.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 29 ref. Registry Number: 51-61-6.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The cerebral mechanisms underlying the behaviours that lead to pathological overeating and obesity are poorly understood. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter that modulates rewarding properties of food, is likely to be involved. To test the hypothesis that obese individuals have abnormalities in brain dopamine activity we measured the availability of dopamine D2 receptors in the brain. Brain dopamine D2 receptor availability was measured with positron emission tomography (PET) and [C-11]raclopride (a radioligand for the dopamine D2 receptor). Bmax/Kd (ratio of the distribution volumes in striatum to that in cerebellum minus 1) was used as a measure of dopamine D2 receptor availability. Brain glucose metabolism was also assessed with 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG). Striatal dopamine D2 receptor availability was significantly lower in the ten obese individuals (2.47 [SD 0.36]) than in controls (2.99 [0.41]; P≤0.0075). In the obese individuals body mass index (BMI) correlated negatively with the measures of D2 receptors (r=0.84; P≤0.002); the individuals with the lowest D2 values had the largest BMI. By contrast, neither whole brain nor striatal metabolism differed between obese individuals and controls, indicating that striatal reductions in D2 receptors were not due to a systematic reduction in radiotracer delivery. The availability of dopamine D2 receptor was decreased in obese individuals in proportion to their BMI. Dopamine modulates motivation and reward circuits and hence dopamine deficiency in obese individuals may perpetuate pathological eating as a means to compensate for decreased activation of these circuits. Strategies aimed at improving dopamine function may be beneficial in the treatment of obese individuals.
KW  - body mass index
KW  - brain
KW  - dopamine
KW  - human diseases
KW  - obesity
KW  - overeating
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - fatness
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013018627&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Self-assembled domain patterns.
AU  - Plass, R.
AU  - Last, J. A.
AU  - Bartelt, N. C.
AU  - Kellogg, G. L.
JO  - Nature (London)
JF  - Nature (London)
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 412
IS  - 6850
SP  - 875
EP  - 875
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 0028-0836
AD  - Plass, R.: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1415, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013124456.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 10 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Protozoology; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - This paper discusses the var gene expression and silencing effect of Plasmodium falciparum established during DNA synthesis. To test whether var introns function in gene control, a representative intron sequence (int) was inserted into two different plasmids containing a luciferase (luc) reporter driven either by a var promoter sequence or by a promoter sequence from the unrelated hrp3 gene which encodes histidine-rich protein 3 (pVLH and pHLH). Transfection experiments with pVLH and pVLH/int indicated that the presence of int downstream of luc strongly repressed the luciferase signal irrespective of int orientation. In contrast, the presence of int in the pHLH/int plasmas caused no detectable change in the reporter activity. Expression of luc from homogeneous plasmid populations before and after transition through S phase was measured. Assays done 18 h after invasion of plasmid-loaded erythrocytes confirmed that luc was expressed without repression. Transfected parasites were separated from plasmid-loaded erythrocytes after their maturation to schizont stages. Returning these parasites to fresh cultures with plasmid-free erythrocytes eliminated further plasmid uptake after re-invasion and ensured that all plasmid DNA in the parasites had been through the S phase. Complete reporter silencing from pVLH/int was evident. No silencing in control transfections with the original pVLH or with a pVLH/hsp construct in which the int sequence was replaced with a P. falciparum hsp86 intron of similar size was detected.
KW  - DNA
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - introns
KW  - luciferases
KW  - malaria
KW  - plasmids
KW  - promoters
KW  - reporter genes
KW  - schizonts
KW  - transfection
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
KW  - Plasmodium
KW  - Plasmodiidae
KW  - Haemospororida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - blood red cells
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - luciferase
KW  - promoter region
KW  - promoter sequences
KW  - red blood cells
KW  - reporter gene
KW  - Protozoan, Helminth and Arthropod Parasites of Humans (VV220) (New March 2000)
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Medicinal plant remedies and nutraceuticals from Ukraine and Georgia.
AU  - Kuritz, T.
AU  - Sirenko, L. A.
AU  - Parshikova, T. V.
AU  - Topchishvili, L.
AU  - Sass, A.
JO  - HerbalGram
JF  - HerbalGram
Y1  - 2001///
IS  - 51
SP  - 48
EP  - 54
CY  - Austin; USA
PB  - American Botanical Council
SN  - 0899-5648
AD  - Kuritz, T.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6194, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013056969.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 15 ref. Subject Subsets: Aromatic & Medicinal Plants; Soils & Fertilizers; Postharvest Research; Horticultural Science; World Agriculture, Economics & Rural Sociology
N2  - An account of the biodiversity, traditional uses and marketing of medicinal plants and pharmaceutical plant products from Ukraine and Republic of Georgia is presented. Some medicinal plant species from each country and their popular uses are enumerated.
KW  - biodiversity
KW  - drugs
KW  - marketing
KW  - medicinal plants
KW  - pharmaceutical products
KW  - traditional medicines
KW  - Republic of Georgia
KW  - Ukraine
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - West Asia
KW  - Asia
KW  - Central Europe
KW  - Europe
KW  - drug plants
KW  - medicinal herbs
KW  - medicines
KW  - officinal plants
KW  - pharmaceuticals
KW  - Agricultural Economics (EE110) 
KW  - Horticultural Economics (EE111) (New March 2000)
KW  - Horticultural Crops (FF003) (New March 2000)
KW  - Biological Resources (Plant) (PP720) 
KW  - Non-food/Non-feed Plant Products (SS200) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20013056969&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Dietary and genetic effects on LDL heterogeneity.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
A2  - Simopoulos, A. P.
A2  - Pavlou, K. N.
T2  - Nutrition and fitness 1: diet, genes, physical activity and health. 4th International Conference on Nutrition and Fitness, Athens, Greece, 25-29 May, 2000
T3  - World Review of Nutriton and Dietetics, Vol.89
Y1  - 2001///
CY  - Basel; Switzerland
PB  - S Karger AG
SN  - 3805572107
AD  - Krauss, R. M.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Donner Lab, Room 465, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20013134989.  Publication Type: Book chapter; Conference paper.  Note: World Review of Nutriton and Dietetics, Vol.89 Language: English.  Number of References: 58 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Public Health
N2  - A review describing recent advances in understanding dietary and genetic influences on low density lipoprotein (LDL) is presented. The association between LDL heterogeneity and cornorary artery disease, and the dietary effects on LDL subclasses are discussed. It is suggested that genetic factors underlying susceptibility to an increased proportion of dense LDL particles in plasma may influence the LDL response to replacement of dietary fat by carbohydrates. The reduction of small dense LDL particles would lead to a reduction in the increased coronary heart risk.
KW  - diet
KW  - dietary carbohydrate
KW  - dietary fat
KW  - genes
KW  - genetics
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - human diseases
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - reviews
KW  - risk
KW  - therapeutic diets
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - coronary diseases
KW  - diet therapy
KW  - source fat
KW  - special diets
KW  - therapeutic nutrition
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050) 
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dynamics of hepatitis B virus infection.
AU  - Ribeiro, R. M.
AU  - Lo, A.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
JF  - Microbes and Infection
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 4
IS  - 8
SP  - 829
EP  - 835
CY  - Paris; France
PB  - Éditions Scientifiques et Médicales Elsevier SAS
SN  - 1286-4579
AD  - Ribeiro, R. M.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023117336.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 28 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - drug therapy
KW  - hepatitis B
KW  - human diseases
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - pathogenesis
KW  - viral diseases
KW  - hepatitis B virus
KW  - man
KW  - Hepadnaviridae
KW  - DNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - viral infections
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Pharmacology (VV730) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023117336&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: asp@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biorefining industry emerges: opportunities enormous for handling, supply of biomass feedstock.
AU  - Sokhansanj, S.
AU  - Cushman, J.
JO  - Resource, Engineering & Technology for a Sustainable World
JF  - Resource, Engineering & Technology for a Sustainable World
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 9
IS  - 7
SP  - 13
EP  - 14
CY  - St Joseph; USA
PB  - American Society of Agricultural Engineers
SN  - 1076-3333
AD  - Sokhansanj, S.: Bioenergy Feedstock Development Programs, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023106953.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Agricultural Engineering; Biofuels
KW  - agricultural wastes
KW  - bioenergy
KW  - biomass
KW  - farm machinery
KW  - plant residues
KW  - refuse
KW  - farm wastes
KW  - municipal wastes
KW  - trash
KW  - Agricultural and Forestry Equipment (General) (NN400) 
KW  - Energy (PP100) 
KW  - Plant Wastes (XX200) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023106953&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: sokhansanjs@ornl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Validation of DNA sequences using mass spectrometry coupled with nucleoside mass tagging.
AU  - Abdi, F. A.
AU  - Mundt, M.
AU  - Doggett, N.
AU  - Bradbury, E. M.
AU  - Chen, X.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 12
IS  - 7
SP  - 1135
EP  - 1141
CY  - Cold Spring Harbor; USA
PB  - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
SN  - 1088-9051
AD  - Abdi, F. A.: Analytical Chemistry Sciences (C-ACS), MS M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023107668.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 19 ref. Registry Number: 65-46-3, 9007-49-2. 
N2  - We present a mass spectrometry (MS)-based nucleoside-specific mass-tagging method to validate genomic DNA sequences containing ambiguities not resolved by gel electrophoresis. Selected types of 13C/15N-labelled dNTPs are used in PCR amplification of target regions followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF)-MS analysis. From the mass difference between the PCR products generated with unlabelled nucleosides and products containing 13C/15N-labeled nucleosides, we determined the base composition of the genomic regions of interest. Two approaches were used to verify the target regions: The first approach used nucleosides partially enriched with stable isotopes to identify a single uncalled base in a gel electrophoresis-sequenced region. The second approach used mass tags with 100% heavy nucleosides to examine a GC-rich region of a polycytidine string with an unknown number of cytidines. By use of selected 13C/15N-labeled dNTPs (dCTPs) in PCR amplification of the target region in tandem with MALDI-TOF-MS, we determined precisely that this string contains 11 cytidines. Both approaches show the ability of our MS-based mass-tagging strategy to solve critical questions of sequence identities that might be essential in determining the proper reading frames of the targeted regions.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - cytidine
KW  - DNA
KW  - genome analysis
KW  - genomes
KW  - mass spectrometry
KW  - nucleosides
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023107668&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: chen_xian@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genomic signature tags (GSTs): a system for profiling genomic DNA.
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - McCorkle, S. R.
AU  - Praissman, L. A.
AU  - Hind, G.
AU  - Lelie, D. van der
AU  - Bahou, W. F.
AU  - Gnatenko, D. V.
AU  - Krause, M. K.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 12
IS  - 11
SP  - 1756
EP  - 1765
CY  - Cold Spring Harbor; USA
PB  - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
SN  - 1088-9051
AD  - Dunn, J. J.: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023180760.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 33 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology; Tropical Diseases
N2  - Genomic signature tags (GSTs) are the products of a method we have developed for identifying and quantitatively analysing genomic DNAs. The DNA is initially fragmented with a type II restriction enzyme. An oligonucleotide adaptor containing a recognition site for MmeI, a type IIS restriction enzyme, is then used to release 21-bp tags from fixed positions in the DNA relative to the sites recognized by the fragmenting enzyme. These tags are PCR-amplified, purified, concatenated, and then cloned and sequenced. The tag sequences and abundances are used to create a high-resolution GST sequence profile of the genomic DNA. GSTs are shown to be long enough for use as oligonucleotide primers to amplify adjacent segments of the DNA, which can then be sequenced to provide additional nucleotide information or used as probes to identify specific clones in metagenomic libraries. GST analysis of the 4.7-Mb Yersinia pestis EV766 genome using BamHI as the fragmenting enzyme and NlaIII as the tagging enzyme validated the precision of our approach. The GST profile predicts that this strain has several changes relative to the archetype CO92 strain, including deletion of a 57-kb region of the chromosome known to be an unstable pathogenicity island.
KW  - DNA
KW  - enzymes
KW  - genomes
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - oligonucleotides
KW  - strains
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023180760&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: jdunn@bnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - SNPs in putative regulatory regions identified by human mouse comparative sequencing and transcription factor binding site data.
AU  - Banerjee, P.
AU  - Bahlo, M.
AU  - Schwartz, J. R.
AU  - Loots, G. G.
AU  - Houston, K. A.
AU  - Dubchak, I.
AU  - Speed, T. P.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
JO  - Mammalian Genome
JF  - Mammalian Genome
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 13
IS  - 10
SP  - 554
EP  - 557
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
SN  - 0938-8990
AD  - Banerjee, P.: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023177573.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 15 ref. Subject Subsets: Animal Breeding; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - Two methods were combined to sift through mouse and human genomic sequences to identify putative gene regulatory elements and subsequent localized SNPs within these sequences in a 1-Megabase (Mb) region of human Chromosome (Chr) 5q31, orthologous to mouse Chr 11 containing the interleukin cluster. Using currently available (human and mouse genomic sequence) databases, 25 selectively neutral, putative regulatory SNPs were identified. These SNPs, localized to a 1-Mb region of the genome to which several common quantitative disorders have been mapped, are a useful resource for direct-association or linkage-disequilibrium analysis.
KW  - alleles
KW  - binding sites
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - genes
KW  - genomes
KW  - transcription factors
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - binding site
KW  - Animal Genetics and Breeding (LL240) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023177573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: EMRubin@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biosensors for rapid monitoring of primary-source drinking water using naturally occurring photosynthesis.
AU  - Rodriguez, M., Jr.
AU  - Sanders, C. A.
AU  - Greenbaum, E.
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 17
IS  - 10
SP  - 843
EP  - 849
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd
SN  - 0956-5663
AD  - Rodriguez, M., Jr.: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033047179.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 330-54-1, 2074-50-2, 4685-14-7, 1910-42-5, 298-00-0, 151-50-8.  Subject Subsets: Weeds
N2  - Working with primary-source freshwater drinking samples from the Clinch and Tennessee Rivers, we have developed a tissue-based biosensor detection system that uses naturally occurring aquatic photosynthetic tissue as the sensing material for detection of chemical antagonists in the water. Sensor readout is based on well-known principles of fluorescence induction by living photosynthetic tissue. The Clinch River is the main source of drinking water for Oak Ridge, Tennessee, while the Tennessee River is a major source for the city of Knoxville. We have successfully detected algae in every sample that we examined and readily monitored changes in the characteristic fluorescence induction curves when the samples were exposed to potassium cyanide (KCN), methyl parathion (MPt), N′(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea (DCMU), and paraquat. The percentage decreases in photochemical yields observed in Tennessee River samples after a 24-min exposure to KCN, MPt, and DCMU were, respectively, 21.89±0.76, 3.28±0.18, and 14.77±1.81. For a site at the Clinch River, the percentage decreases were 22.78±1.63, 8.32±0.21, and 17.71±1.32. The unique aspect of this approach to real-time water quality monitoring is that unlike conventional sensing devices, this sensor material is external to the detecting instrument and is continuously refreshed. These biosensors may be used as continuous rapid-warning sentinels for detection of chemical warfare agents in sunlight-exposed drinking water supplies.
KW  - biosensors
KW  - contamination
KW  - diuron
KW  - drinking water
KW  - fluorescence
KW  - monitoring
KW  - paraquat
KW  - parathion-methyl
KW  - pesticides
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - potassium cyanide
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - USA
KW  - algae
KW  - plants
KW  - aquatic plants
KW  - aquatic organisms
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Appalachian States of USA
KW  - Southern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - East South Central States of USA
KW  - carbon assimilation
KW  - carbon dioxide fixation
KW  - DCMU
KW  - methyl parathion
KW  - surveillance systems
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs (General) (HH400) 
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Biosensors and Biological Nanotechnology (WW900) (New June 2002)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033047179&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TFC-46RD1X4-3&_user=10&_handle=W-WA-A-A-AA-MsSAYWW-UUW-AUCAWZZZWC-BWWVCBYCU-AA-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2002&_rdoc=2&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%235223%232002%23999829989%23339246!&_cdi=5223&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=031aa91a0ce4553f51d79f7c14e85089
UR  - email: greenbaum@ornl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chromosome sorting and genomics.
AU  - Cram, L. S.
AU  - Bell, C. S.
AU  - Fawcett, J. J.
JO  - Methods in Cell Science
JF  - Methods in Cell Science
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 24
IS  - 1/3
SP  - 27
EP  - 35
CY  - Dordrecht; Netherlands
PB  - Kluwer Academic Publishers
SN  - 1381-5741
AD  - Cram, L. S.: National Flow Cytometry Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033115737.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 3 ref. Subject Subsets: Animal Breeding; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - The univariate techniques for high resolution flow karyotype analysis, bivariate flow karyotyping, chromosome sorting and cytogenetic technologies for the human genome programme on the sorting and purification of chromosomes are discussed. The protocols for chromosome isolation, stabilization, staining and analysis are also included in the appendix.
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - flow cytometry
KW  - genetic analysis
KW  - genomes
KW  - karyotypes
KW  - techniques
KW  - Animal Genetics and Breeding (LL240) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Genetic Engineering, Gene Transfer and Transgenics (WW100) (New June 2002)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033115737&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular changes accompanying senescence and immortalization of cultured human mammary epithelial cells.
AU  - Yaswen, P.
AU  - Stampfer, M. R.
T3  - Special issue: Molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging
JO  - International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
JF  - International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
SP  - 1382
EP  - 1394
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Pergamon Press
SN  - 1357-2725
AD  - Yaswen, P.: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 70A-1118 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023151780.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Note: Special issue: Molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging Language: English.  Number of References: 52 ref. Registry Number: 76057-06-2.  Subject Subsets: Public Health; Dairy Science
KW  - breast
KW  - breast cancer
KW  - growth
KW  - human diseases
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - reviews
KW  - senescence
KW  - telomeres
KW  - transforming growth factor
KW  - breasts
KW  - cancers
KW  - epithelial cells
KW  - telomerase
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023151780&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: p_yaswen@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Photocatalytic oxidation of bacteria, bacterial and fungal spores, and model biofilm components to carbon dioxide on titanium dioxide-coated surfaces.
AU  - Wolfrum, E. J.
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Blake, D. M.
AU  - Maness, P. C.
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Fiest, J.
AU  - Jacoby, W. A.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 36
IS  - 15
SP  - 3412
EP  - 3419
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Chemical Society
SN  - 0013-936X
AD  - Wolfrum, E. J.: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043093775.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 28 ref. Registry Number: 124-38-9, 13463-67-7, 11138-66-2.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Mycology
N2  - Carbon mass balance and kinetic data for the total oxidation of cells, spores, and biomolecules deposited on illuminated titanium dioxide surfaces in contact with air are reported. Carbon dioxide formation by photocatalytic oxidation of methanol, glucose, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis (cells and spores), Aspergillus niger spores, phosphatidylethanolamine, bovine serum albumin, and gum xanthan was determined as a function of time. The quantitative data provide mass balance and rate information for removal of these materials from a photocatalytic surface. This kind of information is important for applications of photocatalytic chemistry in air and water purification and disinfection, self-cleaning surfaces, and the development of self-cleaning air filters.
KW  - air cleaners
KW  - air filters
KW  - bacterial spores
KW  - bovine serum albumin
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - fungal spores
KW  - gums
KW  - kinetics
KW  - oxidation
KW  - phosphatidylethanolamines
KW  - titanium dioxide
KW  - xanthan
KW  - Aspergillus niger
KW  - Bacillus subtilis
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Micrococcus luteus
KW  - Aspergillus
KW  - Trichocomaceae
KW  - Eurotiales
KW  - Eurotiomycetes
KW  - Pezizomycotina
KW  - Ascomycota
KW  - fungi
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Micrococcus (Bacteria)
KW  - Micrococcaceae
KW  - Micrococcineae
KW  - Actinomycetales
KW  - Actinobacteridae
KW  - Actinobacteria
KW  - bacterium
KW  - E. coli
KW  - fungus
KW  - Hyphomycetes
KW  - Environmental Pest Management (HH200) 
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043093775&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: daniel_blake@nrel.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human exposure to heterocyclic amine food mutagens/carcinogens: relevance to breast cancer.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Malfatti, M. A.
AU  - Kulp, K. S.
JO  - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
JF  - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 39
IS  - 2/3
SP  - 112
EP  - 118
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Wiley-Liss, Inc.
SN  - 0893-6692
AD  - Felton, J. S.: Molecular and Structural Biology Division, L-452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033025420.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Public Health; Human Nutrition
N2  - Heterocyclic amines produced from overcooked foods are extremely mutagenic in numerous in vitro and in vivo test systems. One of these mutagens, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), induces breast tumors in rats and has been implicated in dietary epidemiology studies as raising the risk of breast cancer in humans. Efforts in our laboratory and others have centered on defining the exposure to PhIP and other dietary mutagens derived from cooked food. We accomplish this by analyzing the foods with a series of solid-phase extractions and HPLC. We have developed an LC/MS/MS method to analyze the four major human PhIP metabolites (sulfates and glucuronides) following a single meal containing 27 µg of cooking-produced PhIP in 200 g of grilled meat. Although the intake of PhIP was similar for each of eight women, the total amount excreted in the urine and the metabolite profiles differed among the subjects. It appears that adsorption (digestion) from the meat matrix, other foods in the diet, and genetic differences in metabolism may contribute to the variation. The four major metabolites that can be routinely assayed in the urine are N2-OH-PhIP-N2-glucuronide, PhIP-N2-glucuronide, 4′-PhIP-glucuronide, and N2-OH-PhIP-N3-glucuronide. This work is suited to investigate individual exposure and risk, especially for breast cancer, from these potent dietary mutagens.
KW  - amines
KW  - breast
KW  - breast cancer
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - foods
KW  - human diseases
KW  - mutagens
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - toxic substances
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - breasts
KW  - cancers
KW  - poisons
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033025420&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: felton1@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Experimental and simulation studies of heat flow and heterocyclic amine mutagen/carcinogen formation in pan-fried meat patties.
AU  - Tran, N. L.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Colvin, M. E.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
SP  - 673
EP  - 684
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Pergamon Press
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Tran, N. L.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023083680.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref.
N2  - Heterocylic amine (HA) compounds formed in the cooking of certain foods have been shown to be bacterial mutagens and animal carcinogens, and may be a risk factor for human cancer. To help explain the variation observed in HA formation under different cooking conditions, we have performed heat-flow simulations and experiments on the pan-frying of beef patties. The simulations involve modelling the heat flow within a meat patty using empirically derived thermal transport coefficients for the meat. The predicted temperature profiles are used to integrate the Arrhenius rate equation to estimate the concentration of HAs formed in the meat. We find that our simulations accurately model experimentally determined temperature profiles, cooking times, HA spatial distributions and total HA formation in patties that are flipped once during the pan-frying process. For patties flipped every 60 s, the simulations qualitatively agree with experiment in predicting reduced cooking times and HA formation relative to the singly-flipped patties. However, the simulations overestimate the effect of rapid flipping on cooking times and underestimate the effect of flipping on total HAs formed. These results suggest that the dramatic reductions in HA formation due to rapid flipping may be due to factors other than the heating process or that there is a critical feature of the flipping process that is not captured in our model.
KW  - beef
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - cooking
KW  - heat flow
KW  - human diseases
KW  - meat products
KW  - mutagens
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - patties
KW  - risk factors
KW  - simulation models
KW  - temperature profile
KW  - cancers
KW  - heat flux
KW  - heterocyclic amines
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Processing (General) (QQ100) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Food Chemistry (QQ600) (New June 2002)
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023083680&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: colvin2@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Scientific considerations related to regulation development for CO2 sequestration in brine formations.
AU  - Tsang, C. F.
AU  - Benson, S. M.
AU  - Kobelski, B.
AU  - Smith, R. E.
T3  - Special Issue: Subsurface flow and transport: from theoretical studies to actions at field sites.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
SP  - 275
EP  - 281
CY  - Berlin; Germany
PB  - Springer-Verlag
SN  - 0943-0105
AD  - Tsang, C. F.: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033046526.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Note: Special Issue: Subsurface flow and transport: from theoretical studies to actions at field sites. Language: English.  Registry Number: 124-38-9, 7647-14-5.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Carbon management through the underground injection of CO2 into subsurface brine formations is being actively studied. If there are no technological constraints for implementation, there could be a large number of wells constructed for injecting a large volume of CO2. It is therefore important, in parallel with current scientific studies, to consider the appropriate, science-based regulatory framework for CO2 injection. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Underground Injection Control (UIC) program, authorized under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), has extensive experience in regulating the injection of mainly liquid wastes into geologic formations in the United States. The federal requirements and permit process implemented by EPA and the Primacy States since 1980 have played a critical role in the safety of subsurface disposal of liquid wastes in the US. Physically and chemically, there are significant differences between CO2 and common liquid wastes. Its viscosity and density are much lower and, under injection pressure in the deep formation, it may be under supercritical conditions. Because of the lower density and viscosity, CO2 leakage through the confining strata may be greater when compared to currently injected liquid wastes. Also, the chemical interactions of CO2 with the geologic formation have their own characteristics. All these scientific factors need to be evaluated to identify new guidelines for appropriate regulatory and monitoring controls. The paper reviews current UIC regulations, injection-well classification scheme and monitoring requirements, and identifies the unique factors related to the physical and chemical processes in the subsurface associated with CO2 injection. Implications of these scientific considerations for regulation development are discussed.
KW  - air pollution
KW  - atmosphere
KW  - brine
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - drinking water
KW  - emission
KW  - groundwater
KW  - injection
KW  - public health
KW  - regulation
KW  - sodium chloride
KW  - wells
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - atmospheric pollution
KW  - NaCl
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Meteorology and Climate (PP500) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033046526&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: cftsang@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - "Nonhedonic" food motivation in humans involves dopamine in the dorsal striatum and methylphenidate amplifies this effect.
AU  - Volkow, N. D.
AU  - Wang, G. J.
AU  - Fowler, J. S.
AU  - Logan, J.
AU  - Jayne, M.
AU  - Franceschi, D.
AU  - Wong, C.
AU  - Gatley, S. J.
AU  - Gifford, A. N.
AU  - Ding, Y. S.
AU  - Pappas, N.
JO  - SYNAPSE
JF  - SYNAPSE
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
SP  - 175
EP  - 180
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Wiley-Liss, Inc.
SN  - 0887-4476
AD  - Volkow, N. D.: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033004341.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 36 ref. Registry Number: 51-61-6.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The drive for food is one of the most powerful of human and animal behaviors. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved with motivation and reward, its believed to regulate food intake in laboratory animals by modulating its rewarding effects through the nucleus accumbens (NA). Here we assess the involvement of dopamine in "nonhedonic" food motivation in humans. Changes in extracellular dopamine in striatum in response to nonhedonic food stimulation (display of food without consumption) were evaluated in 10 food-deprived subjects (16-20 h) using positron emission tomography (PET) and [11C]raclopride (a D2 receptor radioligand that competes with endogenous dopamine for binding to the receptor). To amplify the dopamine changes we pretreated subjects with methylphenidate (20 mg p.o.), a drug that blocks dopamine transporters (mechanism for removal of extracellular dopamine). Although the food stimulation when preceded by placebo did not increase dopamine or the desire for food, the food stimulation when preceded by methylphenidate (20 mg p.o.) did. The increases in extracellular dopamine were significant in dorsal (P<0.005) but not in ventral striatum (area that included NA) and were significantly correlated with the increases in self-reports of hunger and desire for food (P<0.01). These results provide the first evidence that dopamine in the dorsal striatum is involved in food motivation in humans that is distinct from its role in regulating reward through the NA. In addition it demonstrates the ability of methylphenidate to amplify weak dopamine signals.
KW  - brain
KW  - dopamine
KW  - food consumption
KW  - food intake
KW  - hunger
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - methylphenidate
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033004341&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: volkow@bnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modeling deuterated glucose labeling of T-lymphocytes.
AU  - Ribeiro, R. M.
AU  - Mohri, H.
AU  - Ho, D. D.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
JF  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 64
IS  - 2
SP  - 385
EP  - 405
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Academic Press
SN  - 0092-8240
AD  - Ribeiro, R. M.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023044633.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref.
N2  - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects cells of the immune system and leads to depletion of CD4+ T cells, and to an increase of CD8+ T-lymphocytes. However, not much is known about the dynamics of turnover (proliferation and death) of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations in HIV-infected and healthy individuals. A new experimental technique has been developed using deuterated-glucose labelling that provides information on cell turnover in vivo. However, the quantitative interpretation of the data requires the development of specific dynamic models. In this paper, we derive two models, a simple one-compartment model and a more complex two-compartment model. These models allow for robust quantification of death and proliferation rates, but careful consideration of the system is necessary to understand what is being measured in each case. We demonstrate that more realistic models can account not only for differences in the turnover rates between HIV-infected and healthy individuals, but also take into consideration the elevated state of activation in HIV infection. The use of these models in the interpretation of the experimental data will increase our knowledge of T cell dynamics in the context of HIV infection.
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - immune response
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - T lymphocytes
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - immunity reactions
KW  - immunological reactions
KW  - T cells
KW  - Human Immunology and Allergology (VV055) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023044633&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: ruy@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genotyping Cryptosporidium parvum with an hsp70 single-nucleotide polymorphism microarray.
AU  - Straub, T. M.
AU  - Daly, D. S.
AU  - Wunshel, S.
AU  - Rochelle, P. A.
AU  - DeLeon, R.
AU  - Chandler, D. P.
JO  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 68
IS  - 4
SP  - 1817
EP  - 1826
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0099-2240
AD  - Straub, T. M.: Analytical Microbiology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023069911.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Subject Subsets: Protozoology
N2  - We investigated the application of an oligonucleotide microarray to (i) specifically detect Cryptosporidium spp., (ii) differentiate between closely related C. parvum isolates and Cryptosporidium species, and (iii) differentiate between principle genotypes known to infect humans. A microarray of 68 capture probes targeting seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within a 190-bp region of the hsp70 gene of Cryptosporidium parvum was constructed. Labelled hsp70 targets were generated by PCR with biotin- or Cy3-labelled primers. Hybridization conditions were optimized for hybridization time, temperature and salt concentration. Two genotype I C. parvum isolates (TU502 and UG502), two C. parvum genotype II isolates (Iowa and GCH1) and DNAs from 22 non-Cryptosporidium sp. organisms were used to test method specificity. Only DNAs from C. parvum isolates produced labelled amplicons that could be hybridized to and detected on the array. Hybridization patterns between genotypes were visually distinct, but identification of SNPs required statistical analysis of the signal intensity data. The results indicated that correct mismatch discrimination could be achieved for all seven SNPs for the UG502 isolate, five of seven SNPs for the TU502 isolate and six of seven SNPs for both the Iowa and GCH1 isolates. Even without perfect mismatch discrimination, the microarray method unambiguously distinguished between genotype I and genotype II isolates and demonstrated the potential to differentiate between other isolates and species on a single microarray. This method may provide a powerful new tool for water utilities and public health officials for assessing point and nonpoint source contamination of water supplies.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - contamination
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic polymorphism
KW  - genotypes
KW  - nucleotides
KW  - oligonucleotides
KW  - water supply
KW  - Cryptosporidium
KW  - Cryptosporidium parvum
KW  - Cryptosporidiidae
KW  - Eucoccidiorida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Cryptosporidium
KW  - amplicons
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - water supplies
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023069911&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: Timothy.Straub@pnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radionuclides in soil and water near a low-level disposal site and potential ecological and human health impacts.
AU  - Ferenbaugh, J. K.
AU  - Fresquez, P. R.
AU  - Ebinger, M. H.
AU  - Gonzales, G. J.
AU  - Jordan, P. A.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 74
IS  - 3
SP  - 243
EP  - 254
CY  - Dordrecht; Netherlands
PB  - Kluwer Academic Publishers
SN  - 0167-6369
AD  - Ferenbaugh, J. K.: ESH-20, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M887, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023040260.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 21 ref. Registry Number: 7440-35-9, 7440-46-2, 1333-74-0, 7440-07-5, 7440-24-6, 7440-61-1.  Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science; Soils & Fertilizers; Public Health
N2  - Material Disposal Area G is the primary low-level radioactive waste disposal site at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA, and is adjacent to Pueblo of San Ildefonso lands. Pueblo residents and Los Alamos scientists are concerned about radiological rates resulting from uptake of Area G radionuclides by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus), then consumption of deer and elk meat by humans. Tissue samples were collected from deer and elk accidentally killed near Area G and were analysed for 3H, 90Sr, total U, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, 241Am, and 137Cs. These data were used to estimate human doses based on meat consumption of 23 kg year-1. Human doses were also modelled using RESRAD, and dose rates to deer and elk were estimated with a screening model. Dose estimates to humans from tissue consumption were 2.9 and 1.6×10-3 mSv year-1 from deer and elk, respectively, and RESRAD dose estimates were of the same order of magnitude. Estimated dose rates to deer and elk were 2.1 and 4.7×10-4 mGy day-1, respectively. All estimated doses were significantly less than established exposure limits or guidelines.
KW  - americium
KW  - caesium
KW  - ecology
KW  - environmental impact
KW  - food consumption
KW  - food contamination
KW  - game meat
KW  - hydrogen
KW  - models
KW  - plutonium
KW  - polluted soils
KW  - polluted water
KW  - public health
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - soil pollution
KW  - soil types
KW  - strontium
KW  - uranium
KW  - water pollution
KW  - water quality
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - USA
KW  - Cervus elaphus
KW  - deer
KW  - Odocoileus hemionus
KW  - red deer
KW  - Cervus
KW  - Cervidae
KW  - ruminants
KW  - Artiodactyla
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Odocoileus
KW  - Cervus elaphus
KW  - Great Plains States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - Mountain States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - Southwestern States of USA
KW  - cesium
KW  - environmental effects
KW  - food contaminants
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - United States of America
KW  - water composition and quality
KW  - Toxicology and Poisoning (Wild Animals) (YY900) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
KW  - Animal Ecology (ZZ332) 
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023040260&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: fresquez@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cellular expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors in mammary glands: regulation by hormones, development and aging.
AU  - Shyamala, G.
AU  - Chou, Y. C.
AU  - Louie, S. G.
AU  - Guzman, R. C.
AU  - Smith, G. H.
AU  - Nandi, S.
T3  - Special issue. Proliferation of normal and malignant mammary epithelial cells.
JO  - Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 80
IS  - 2
SP  - 137
EP  - 148
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd
SN  - 0960-0760
AD  - Shyamala, G.: Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023050254.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Note: Special issue. Proliferation of normal and malignant mammary epithelial cells. Language: English.  Number of References: 61 ref. Subject Subsets: Dairy Science; Agricultural Biotechnology
KW  - aging
KW  - animal models
KW  - breast cancer
KW  - carcinogenesis
KW  - gene expression
KW  - hormonal control
KW  - hormone receptors
KW  - mammary development
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - morphogenesis
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - oestrogen receptors
KW  - oestrogens
KW  - ontogeny
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - ageing
KW  - cancers
KW  - developmental biology
KW  - endocrine control
KW  - estrogen receptors
KW  - estrogens
KW  - hormonal regulation
KW  - ontogenesis
KW  - Animal Physiology and Biochemistry (Excluding Nutrition) (LL600) 
KW  - Non-Communicable Diseases and Injuries of Animals (LL860) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Diseases (VV400) (New March 2000)
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Biotechnology (General) (WW000) (Revised June 2002) [Formerly Biotechnology]
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023050254&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: shyamala_harris@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Protein binding of isofluorophate in vivo after coexposure to multiple chemicals.
AU  - Vogel, J. S.
AU  - Keating, G. A., II
AU  - Buchholz, B. A.
T3  - Application of technology to chemical mixtures research
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 110
SP  - 1031
EP  - 1036
CY  - Research Triangle Park; USA
PB  - Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
SN  - 0091-6765
AD  - Vogel, J. S.: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 7000 East Ave., L-397, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033041548.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Note: Application of technology to chemical mixtures research Language: English.  Number of References: 34 ref. Registry Number: 56-38-2, 52645-53-1.  Subject Subsets: Agricultural Entomology
N2  - Full toxicologic profiles of chemical mixtures, including dose-response extrapolations to realistic exposures, is a prohibitive analytical problem, even for a restricted class of chemicals. We present an approach to probing in vivo interactions of pesticide mixtures at relevant low doses using a monitor compound to report the response of biochemical pathways shared by mixture components. We use accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to quantify [14C]-diisopropylfluorophosphate as a tracer at attomole levels with 1-5% precision after co-exposures to parathion (PTN), permethrin (PER), and pyridostigmine bromide separately and in conjunction. Pyridostigmine shows an overall protective effect against tracer binding in plasma, red blood cells [erythrocytes], muscle, and brain that is not explained as competitive protein binding. PTN and PER induce a significant 25-30% increase in the amount of tracer reaching the brain with or without pyridostigmine. The sensitivity of AMS for isotope-labelled tracer compounds can be used to probe the physiologic responses of specific biochemical pathways to multiple compound exposures.
KW  - biochemical pathways
KW  - blood plasma
KW  - brain
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - muscles
KW  - nontarget effects
KW  - parathion
KW  - permethrin
KW  - pesticide residues
KW  - radioactive tracers
KW  - toxic substances
KW  - toxicology
KW  - blood red cells
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - ethyl-parathion
KW  - in vivo
KW  - metabolic pathways
KW  - plasma (blood)
KW  - poisons
KW  - red blood cells
KW  - Pesticide and Drug Residues and Ecotoxicology (HH430) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033041548&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: jsvogel@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Three somatic genetic biomarkers and covariates in radiation-exposed Russian cleanup workers of the Chernobyl nuclear reactor 6-13 years after exposure.
AU  - Jones, I. M.
AU  - Galick, H.
AU  - Kato, P.
AU  - Langlois, R. G.
AU  - Mendelsohn, M. L.
AU  - Murphy, G. A.
AU  - Pleshanov, P.
AU  - Ramsey, M. J.
AU  - Thomas, C. B.
AU  - Tucker, J. D.
AU  - Tureva, L.
AU  - Vorobtsova, I.
AU  - Nelson, D. O.
JO  - Radiation Research
JF  - Radiation Research
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 158
IS  - 4
SP  - 424
EP  - 442
CY  - Great Falls; USA
PB  - Radiation Research Society
SN  - 0033-7587
AD  - Jones, I. M.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-441, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043167374.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Three somatic mutation assays were evaluated in men exposed to low-dose, whole-body, ionizing radiation. Blood samples were obtained between 1992 and 1999 from 625 Russian Chernobyl cleanup workers and 182 Russian controls. The assays were chromosome translocations in lymphocytes detected by FISH, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) mutant frequency in lymphocytes by cloning, and flow cytometric assay for glycophorin A (GPA) variant frequency of both deletion (N/Ø) and recombination (N/N) events detected in erythrocytes. Over 30 exposure and lifestyle covariates were available from questionnaires. Among the covariates evaluated, some increased (e.g. age, smoking) and others decreased (e.g. date of sample) biomarker responses at a magnitude comparable to Chernobyl exposure. When adjusted for covariates, exposure at Chernobyl was a statistically significant factor for translocation frequency (increase of 30%, 95% CI of 10%-53%, P=0.002) and HPRT mutant frequency (increase of 41%, 95% CI of 19%-66%, P<0.001), but not for either GPA assay. The estimated average dose for the cleanup workers based on the average increase in translocations was 9.5 cGy. Translocation analysis is the preferred biomarker for low-dose radiation dosimetry given its sensitivity, relatively few covariates, and dose-response data. Based on this estimated dose, the risk of exposure-related cancer is expected to be low.
KW  - age differences
KW  - chromosome aberrations
KW  - chromosome translocation
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - cigarettes
KW  - deletions
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - exposure
KW  - genes
KW  - human diseases
KW  - ionizing radiation
KW  - lymphocytes
KW  - men
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - occupational hazards
KW  - occupational health
KW  - recombination
KW  - somatic mutations
KW  - tobacco smoking
KW  - workers
KW  - Russia
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - blood red cells
KW  - cancers
KW  - chromosome abnormalities
KW  - genetic recombination
KW  - interchange
KW  - red blood cells
KW  - Russian Federation
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Occupational Health and Safety (VV900) 
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043167374&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://apt.allenpress.com/aptonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0033-7587&volume=158&issue=04&page=0424
UR  - email: jones20@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bacillus anthracis pXO1 plasmid sequence conservation among closely related bacterial species.
AU  - Pannucci, J.
AU  - Okinaka, R. T.
AU  - Sabin, R.
AU  - Kuske, C. R.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 184
IS  - 1
SP  - 134
EP  - 141
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0021-9193
AD  - Pannucci, J.: Biosciences Division, M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023190870.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 38 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science; Veterinary Science
N2  - The complete sequencing and annotation of the 181.7-kb Bacillus anthracis virulence plasmid pXO1 predicted 143 genes but could only assign putative functions to 45. Hybridization assays, PCR amplification, and DNA sequencing were used to determine whether pXO1 open reading frame (ORF) sequences were present in other bacilli and more distantly related bacterial genera. Eighteen Bacillus species isolates and four other bacterial species were tested for the presence of 106 pXO1 ORFs. Three ORFs were conserved in most of the bacteria tested. Many of the pXO1 ORFs were detected in closely related Bacillus species, and some were detected only in B. anthracis isolates. Three isolates, Bacillus cereus D-17, B. cereus 43881, and Bacillus thuringiensis 33679, contained sequences that were similar to more than one-half of the pXO1 ORF sequences examined. The majority of the DNA fragments that were amplified by PCR from these organisms had DNA sequences between 80 and 98% similar to that of pXO1. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed large potential plasmids present in both B. cereus 43881 (341 kb) and B. thuringiensis ATCC 33679 (327 kb) that hybridized with a DNA probe composed of six pXO1 ORFs.
KW  - DNA
KW  - genes
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - open reading frames
KW  - plasmids
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bacillus cereus
KW  - Bacillus thuringiensis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - ORFs
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Animals (LL821) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023190870&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: Kuske@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic variability of Yersinia pestis isolates as predicted by PCR-based IS100 genotyping and analysis of structural genes encoding glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (glpD).
AU  - Motin, V. L.
AU  - Georgescu, A. M.
AU  - Elliott, J. M.
AU  - Hu, P.
AU  - Worsham, P. L.
AU  - Ott, L. L.
AU  - Slezak, T. R.
AU  - Sokhansanj, B. A.
AU  - Regala, W. M.
AU  - Brubaker, R. R.
AU  - Garcia, E.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 184
IS  - 4
SP  - 1019
EP  - 1027
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0021-9193
AD  - Motin, V. L.: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023160269.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 34 ref. Registry Number: 27082-31-1, 9028-14-2.  Subject Subsets: Public Health; Medical & Veterinary Entomology; Tropical Diseases
N2  - A PCR-based genotyping system that detects divergence of IS100 locations within the Yersinia pestis genome was used to characterize a large collection of isolates of different biovars and geographical origins. Using sequences derived from the glycerol-negative biovar orientalis strain CO92, a set of 27 locus-specific primers was designed to amplify fragments between the end of IS100 and its neighbouring gene. Geographically diverse members of the orientalis biovar formed a homogeneous group with identical genotype with the exception of strains isolated in Indochina. In contrast, strains belonging to the glycerol-positive biovar antiqua showed a variety of fingerprinting profiles. Moreover, strains of the biovar medievalis (also glycerol positive) clustered together with the antiqua isolates originated from Southeast Asia, suggesting their close phylogenetic relationships. Interestingly, a Manchurian biovar antiqua strain Nicholisk 51 displayed a genotyping pattern typical of biovar orientalis isolates. Analysis of the glycerol pathway in Y. pestis suggested that a 93-bp deletion within the glpD gene encoding aerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase might account for the glycerol-negative phenotype of the orientalis biovar. The glpD gene of strain Nicholisk 51 did not possess this deletion, although it contained two nucleotide substitutions characteristic of the glpD version found exclusively in biovar orientalis strains. To account for this close relationship between biovar orientalis strains and the antiqua Nicholisk 51 isolate, we postulate that the latter represents a variant of this biovar with restored ability to ferment glycerol. The fact that such a genetic lesion might be repaired as part of the natural evolutionary process suggests the existence of genetic exchange between different Yersinia strains in nature. The relevance of this observation on the emergence of epidemic Y. pestis strains is discussed. Newly determined glpD allele sequences were deposited in the GenBank database under accession numbers AF377928 (strain Nicholisk 51), AF377936 (strain Nicholisk 41), AF377929 (strain Pestoides C), AF377930 (strain Pestoides F), AF377937 (strain P EXU), AF377931 (strain Yokohama), AF377938 (strain 32), AF377939 (strain 390), AF377940 (strain A12), AF377932 (strain A16), AF377941 (strain Salazar (D14)), AF377942 (strain EV76H (D59)), AF377943 (strain TS (D5)), AF377933 (strain Kuma (D94)), AF377935 (strain Harbin 35) and AF377934 (strain Nairobi).
KW  - deletions
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - genotypes
KW  - glycerol 3-phosphate
KW  - glycerol dehydrogenase
KW  - mutations
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - strains
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - alpha-glycerophosphate
KW  - bacterium
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - genetic variability
KW  - genotypic variability
KW  - genotypic variation
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023160269&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: Garcia12@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of PhIP-induced mammary carcinomas in rats reveals a cytogenetic signature.
AU  - Christian, A. T.
AU  - Snyderwine, E. G.
AU  - Tucker, J. D.
A2  - Snyderwine, E. G.
A2  - Sinha, R.
A2  - Ferguson, L. R.
JO  - Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 506/507
IS  - Special Issue
SP  - 113
EP  - 119
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science B.V.
SN  - 0027-5107
AD  - Christian, A. T.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-452 Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023165903.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 20 ref. Subject Subsets: Dairy Science; Human Nutrition
N2  - 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), a mutagen/carcinogen belonging to the class of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) found in cooked meats, is a known rat mammary gland carcinogen. To gain insight into the genomic alterations associated with PhIP-induced carcinogenesis, we used comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to examine chromosomal abnormalities in rat mammary gland carcinomas induced by PhIP. The alterations were compared to those induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), a potent and well-studied mammary carcinogen. All six PhIP-induced carcinomas examined by CGH showed losses in the same specific regions of chromosomes 2, 3, 11, 18, and X, whereas three carcinomas induced by DMBA showed no consistent patterns of chromosomal gain or loss. This indicates that PhIP has a recognizable cytogenetic signature in rat mammary gland carcinomas.
KW  - amines
KW  - animal models
KW  - carcinogenesis
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - carcinoma
KW  - chromosome aberrations
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - laboratory animals
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - pyridines
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cancers
KW  - chromosome abnormalities
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Diseases (VV400) (New March 2000)
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023165903&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: christian4@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors affecting human heterocyclic amine intake and the metabolism of PhIP.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Kulp, K. S.
AU  - Salmon, C. P.
AU  - Keating, G. A.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
A2  - Snyderwine, E. G.
A2  - Sinha, R.
A2  - Ferguson, L. R.
JO  - Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research, Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 506/507
IS  - Special Issue
SP  - 153
EP  - 162
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science B.V.
SN  - 0027-5107
AD  - Knize, M. G.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, P.O. Box 808, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20023165907.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 51 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health; Pig Science; Poultry; Human Nutrition
N2  - We are working to understand possible human health effects from exposure to heterocyclic amines that are formed in meat during cooking. Laboratory-cooked beef, pork, and chicken are capable of producing tens of nanograms of MeIQx, IFP, and PhIP per gram of meat and smaller amounts of other heterocyclic amines. Well-done restaurant-cooked beef, pork, and chicken may contain PhIP and IFP at concentrations as high as tens of nanograms per gram and MeIQx at levels up to 3 ng/g. Although well-done chicken breast prepared in the laboratory may contain large amounts of PhIP, a survey of flame-grilled meat samples cooked in private homes showed PhIP levels in beef steak and chicken breast are not significantly different (P=0.36). The extremely high PhIP levels reported in some studies of grilled chicken are not seen in home-cooked samples. Many studies suggest individuals may have varying susceptibility to carcinogens and that diet may influence metabolism, thus affecting cancer susceptibility. To understand the human metabolism of PhIP, we examined urinary metabolites of PhIP in volunteers following a single well-done meat exposure. Using solid-phase extraction and LC/MS/MS, we quantified four major PhIP metabolites in human urine. In addition to investigating individual variation, we examined the interaction of PhIP with a potentially chemopreventive food. In a preliminary study of the effect of broccoli on PhIP metabolism, we fed chicken to six volunteers before and after eating steamed broccoli daily for 3 days. Preliminary results suggest that broccoli, which contains isothiocyanates shown to induce Phases I and II metabolism in vitro, may affect both the rate of metabolite excretion and the metabolic products of a dietary carcinogen. This newly developed methodology will allow us to assess prevention strategies that reduce the possible risks associated with PhIP exposure.
KW  - broccoli
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - chicken meat
KW  - food intake
KW  - human diseases
KW  - metabolism
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - poultry
KW  - pyridines
KW  - urine
KW  - Brassica oleracea
KW  - fowls
KW  - man
KW  - Brassica
KW  - Brassicaceae
KW  - Capparidales
KW  - dicotyledons
KW  - angiosperms
KW  - Spermatophyta
KW  - plants
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Gallus gallus
KW  - Gallus
KW  - Phasianidae
KW  - Galliformes
KW  - birds
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - calabrese
KW  - cancers
KW  - Capparales
KW  - chickens
KW  - domesticated birds
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Diet Studies (VV110) 
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20023165907&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: knizel@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Geochemical interactions of actinides in the environment.
AU  - Runde, W.
A2  - Zhang, P. C.
A2  - Brady, P. V.
T2  - Geochemistry of soil radionuclides
T3  - SSSA Special Publication Number 59
Y1  - 2002///
CY  - Madison; USA
PB  - Soil Science Society of America Inc.
SN  - 0891188401
AD  - Runde, W.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033033331.  Publication Type: Book chapter.  Note: SSSA Special Publication Number 59 Language: English.  Number of References: many ref. Registry Number: 7440-35-9, 7439-99-8, 7440-07-5, 7440-61-1.  Subject Subsets: Irrigation & Drainage; Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - One of the world's most serious concerns is the safe treatment, shipping, and disposal of radioactive waste originated from the nuclear weapons and energy cycles. Among the multiple constituents of radioactive waste, the actinide elements are of major importance due to their long half-lives of hundreds to hundred thousands of years, their radiation emission, and their toxicity for human health. In order to predict the environmental risk and release rates of actinides and to design meaningful remediation strategies, it is critical to understand the geochemical reactions actinides may undergo when being transported by natural (ground- and surface) waters into the environment. The range of potential reactions in natural aquifer systems is extremely broad because of the great variety of chemically active compounds in nature and the rich chemistry actinide elements exhibit. The light actinide elements, U, Np, Pu, and Am, can exist in multiple oxidation states, III-VI, with each forming behaviourally distinct molecular species that can differ by orders of magnitude in reactivity, stability, and solubility. The conditions of the aquifer, such as pH, redox potential (Eh), complexant concentrations, and colloid concentration, determine the predominant actinide species and their transport characteristics. Actinide solubility increases with the formation of the higher soluble penta- and hexavalent actinides. The geochemical processes that are most important for the actinides' fate in the environment are precipitation, complexation of dissolved species, interactions at solution-mineral interfaces, colloid formation, and the interactions with microorganisms. These reactions are discussed for the light actinides (U, Np, Pu, and Am) in their environmentally most relevant oxidation states III, IV, V, and VI.
KW  - actinides
KW  - americium
KW  - aquifers
KW  - chemical composition
KW  - chemical reactions
KW  - colloids
KW  - emission
KW  - environmental impact
KW  - groundwater
KW  - microorganisms
KW  - neptunium
KW  - nuclear energy
KW  - oxidation
KW  - pH
KW  - plutonium
KW  - precipitation
KW  - public health
KW  - radioactive wastes
KW  - radioactivity
KW  - redox potential
KW  - remediation
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - solubility
KW  - surface water
KW  - toxicity
KW  - transport processes
KW  - uranium
KW  - waste disposal
KW  - waste treatment
KW  - water pollution
KW  - environmental effects
KW  - hydrogen ion concentration
KW  - micro-organisms
KW  - oxidation reduction potential
KW  - potential of hydrogen
KW  - soil transport processes
KW  - transport processes in soil systems
KW  - Soil Physics (JJ300) 
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Industrial Wastes and Effluents (XX400) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033033331&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Introduction to properties, sources and characteristics of soil radionuclides.
AU  - Zhang, P. C.
AU  - Krumhansl, J. L.
AU  - Brady, P. V.
A2  - Zhang, P. C.
A2  - Brady, P. V.
T2  - Geochemistry of soil radionuclides
T3  - SSSA Special Publication Number 59
Y1  - 2002///
CY  - Madison; USA
PB  - Soil Science Society of America Inc.
SN  - 0891188401
AD  - Zhang, P. C.: Sandia National Laboratories, MS II 3 7 Albuquerque, NM 87185-0750, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033033316.  Publication Type: Book chapter.  Note: SSSA Special Publication Number 59 Language: English.  Number of References: 34 ref. Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers; World Agriculture, Economics & Rural Sociology
N2  - The demands for assessing the potential impact of radionuclides produced by military and nuclear power supply applications on environmental quality and human and the desire to remediate radionuclide-contaminated site have triggered an intensive and wide range of research activities. Soil chemical reactions are critical to both environment and human health and to successful remediation. This chapter's aim is to briefly describes the physical and chemical characteristics of the most important radioactive nuclides likely to be found in soils. The primary sources of these radionuclides include the fallout from atmospheric weapon tests, release from fuel processes facilities, nuclear material storage facilities, biomedical applications, and, of course, naturally-occurring radioactive elements. The forms and interactions of the radionuclides in soil environment are subsequently discussed.
KW  - environmental assessment
KW  - environmental impact
KW  - fallout
KW  - nuclear power stations
KW  - polluted soils
KW  - public health
KW  - radioactivity
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - remediation
KW  - soil chemical properties
KW  - soil physical properties
KW  - soil pollution
KW  - soil types
KW  - chemical properties of soil
KW  - environmental effects
KW  - nuclear power plants
KW  - physical properties of soil
KW  - radioactive fallout
KW  - radioactive isotopes
KW  - radioactive nuclides
KW  - radioisotopes
KW  - Natural Resource Economics (EE115) (New March 2000)
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Soil Physics (JJ300) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Industrial Wastes and Effluents (XX400) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033033316&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - On leakage and seepage from geologic carbon sequestration sites: unsaturated zone attenuation.
AU  - Oldenburg, C. M.
AU  - Unger, A. J. A.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
SP  - 287
EP  - 296
CY  - Madison; USA
PB  - Soil Science Society of America Inc.
SN  - 1539-1663
AD  - Oldenburg, C. M.: Earth Sciences Division 90-1116, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043200711.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 124-38-9.  Subject Subsets: Irrigation & Drainage; Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Geologic carbon sequestration is the direct injection of CO2 into deep geologic formations for permanent disposal. Although numerous trapping mechanisms exist in the subsurface, it is possible that CO2 will leak from the primary sequestration target and seep out of the ground. The unsaturated zone has the potential to attenuate leaking CO2 and decrease seepage and near-surface CO2 concentrations. Attenuation processes include permeability trapping, ponding as dense CO2 spreads out on the water table, solubility trapping by infiltrating or residual water, and dilution through mixing with ambient soil gas. Numerical simulations of CO2 flowing upward through a thick model unsaturated zone were performed to investigate the sensitivity of various unsaturated zone properties on CO2 seepage flux and near-surface CO2 gas concentrations. These two quantities are considered drivers for health and environmental risk due to exposure to CO2. For the conceptual model considered, seepage flux and near-surface CO2 gas concentrations are most strongly controlled by the leakage rate at the water table, followed by the source zone radius. Permeability and permeability anisotropy, as well as porosity and infiltration rate are also important, although to a lesser degree. Barometric pumping causes local maxima in seepage flux and near-surface CO2 concentrations, but has negligible effect in a time-averaged sense. When the leakage source is turned off, the CO2 plume attentuates through dissolution into infiltrating water. For the case of a constant leakage rate, the unsaturated zone can attenuate low leakage fluxes but should not be expected to attenuate large CO2 leakage fluxes.
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - infiltration
KW  - leakage
KW  - permeability
KW  - polluted soils
KW  - porosity
KW  - public health
KW  - risk
KW  - seepage
KW  - simulation models
KW  - soil pollution
KW  - soil types
KW  - waste management
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Soil Physics (JJ300) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043200711&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://vzj.scijournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/2/3/287
UR  - email: cmoldenburg@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Detection of in situ labeled cell surface proteins by mass spectrometry: application to the membrane subproteome of human mammary epithelial cells.
AU  - Chen, W. N. U.
AU  - Yu, L. R.
AU  - Strittmatter, E. F.
AU  - Thrall, B. D.
AU  - Camp, D. G., II
AU  - Smith, R. D.
A2  - Palagi, P. M.
A2  - Quadroni, M.
A2  - Rossier, J. S.
A2  - Sanchez, J. C.
A2  - Stöcklin, R.
JO  - Proteomics
JF  - Proteomics
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 3
IS  - 8
SP  - 1647
EP  - 1651
CY  - Weinheim; Germany
PB  - Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
SN  - 1615-9853
AD  - Chen, W. N. U.: Cell Biology, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033191029.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 56-87-1, 9002-07-7.  Subject Subsets: Dairy Science
N2  - Characterization of the surface exposed membrane subproteome of human mammary epithelial cells (strain 184 A1L5) implemented lysine specific in situ labelling of the proteins using sulfosuccinimidyl-6-(biotinamido) hexanoate, followed by enrichment of the biotinylated, tryptically digested peptides, and then liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the labelled peptides. Probing the membrane subproteome in this manner yielded unambiguous identification of proteins situated on the cell surface. The method reported can be adapted to include stable isotope labelling of proteins for quantitation of changes occurring on the cell surface in response to specific perturbations.
KW  - cell membranes
KW  - epithelium
KW  - isotopes
KW  - lysine
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - mass spectrometry
KW  - peptides
KW  - surface proteins
KW  - techniques
KW  - trypsin
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - membrane proteins
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033191029&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/104548530/ABSTRACT
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Persistent brain abnormalities in antiretroviral-naive HIV patients 3 months after HAART.
AU  - Chang, L.
AU  - Ernst, T.
AU  - Witt, M. D.
AU  - Ames, N.
AU  - Walot, I.
AU  - Jovicich, J.
AU  - DeSilva, M.
AU  - Trivedi, N.
AU  - Speck, O.
AU  - Miller, E. N.
JO  - Antiviral Therapy
JF  - Antiviral Therapy
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
SP  - 17
EP  - 26
CY  - London; UK
PB  - International Medical Press Ltd
SN  - 1359-6535
AD  - Chang, L.: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033052864.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 46 ref. Registry Number: 62-49-7, 87-89-8.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Background: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and neuropsychological tests may be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-associated brain injury. We aimed to evaluate whether brain abnormalities will improve 3 months after HAART. Method: 33 HIV patients (31 men, 2 women; mean age: 36.5±1.6 years) naive to antiretroviral medications were evaluated before and 3 months after HAART using 1H-MRS and neuropsychological tests [USA; date not given]. Results were compared with those of 26 seronegative control subjects. Results: Despite significant improvement in CD4 counts and suppression of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral loads, elevated brain metabolites (choline compounds and myoinositol in the frontal lobes) and neuropsychological tests abnormalities (including the computerized tests (CalCAP)) persisted after 3 months of HAART. In the basal ganglia, choline and myoinositol became elevated only after treatment. No interaction effect was observed between the number of CSF-penetrating drugs (one vs two) and changes (baseline vs 3 months) in any of the brain metabolites, cognitive performance or CSF viral load. Conclusions: The persistent brain abnormalities suggest ongoing repair or reactive inflammatory processes in the brain after 3 months of HAART. Regimens with two CSF-penetrating antiretroviral medications do not appear to be more effective than those with one CSF-penetrating drug in treating HIV brain injury at 3 months.
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - brain
KW  - choline
KW  - highly active antiretroviral therapy
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - mental ability
KW  - multiple drug therapy
KW  - myo-inositol
KW  - USA
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - combination drug therapy
KW  - HAART
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - inositol
KW  - intelligence
KW  - meso-inositol
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033052864&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: ChangL@bnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Strategies and tools for whole-genome alignments.
AU  - Couronne, O.
AU  - Poliakov, A.
AU  - Bray, N.
AU  - Ishkhanov, T.
AU  - Ryaboy, D.
AU  - Rubin, E.
AU  - Pachter, L.
AU  - Dubchak, I.
T3  - Mouse Genome Special Issue
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
CY  - Cold Spring Harbor; USA
PB  - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
SN  - 1088-9051
AD  - Couronne, O.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033021414.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Note: Mouse Genome Special Issue Language: English.  Number of References: 47 ref. Subject Subsets: Animal Breeding; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - The availability of the assembled mouse genome makes possible, for the first time, an alignment and comparison of two large vertebrate genomes. We investigated different strategies of alignment for the subsequent analysis of conservation of genomes that are effective for assemblies of different quality. These strategies were applied to the comparison of the working draft of the human genome with the Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium assembly, as well as other intermediate mouse assemblies. Our methods are fast and the resulting alignments exhibit a high degree of sensitivity, covering more than 90% of known coding exons in the human genome. We obtained such coverage while preserving specificity. With a view towards the end user, we developed a suite of tools and Web sites for automatically aligning and subsequently browsing and working with whole-genome comparisons. We describe the use of these tools to identify conserved non-coding regions between the human and mouse genomes, some of which have not been identified by other methods.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - genetic analysis
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - genetics
KW  - genome analysis
KW  - genomes
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - genetic variability
KW  - genotypic variability
KW  - genotypic variation
KW  - Animal Genetics and Breeding (LL240) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033021414&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: ocouronne@lbl.gov\lpachter@math.berkeley.edu
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cloning, functional study and comparative mapping of Luzp2 to mouse Chromosome 7 and human Chromosome 11p13-11p14.
AU  - Wu, M.
AU  - Michaud, E. J.
AU  - Johnson, D. K.
JO  - Mammalian Genome
JF  - Mammalian Genome
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
SP  - 323
EP  - 334
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
SN  - 0938-8990
AD  - Wu, M.: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8077, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033084857.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 20 ref. Subject Subsets: Agricultural Biotechnology; Animal Breeding
N2  - A novel leucine-zipper gene, leucine zipper protein 2 (Luzp2), has been cloned as part of an aberrant deletion-fusion transcript in the chromosomal interval between Gas2 and Herc2 on mouse Chromosome 7 (Chr 7). Luzp2 is normally expressed only in brain and spinal cord. The human homolog of Luzp2 maps to Chr 11p13-11p14 by radiation-hybrid mapping and is deleted in some patients with Wilms tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary anomalies-mental Retardation (WAGR) syndrome. Disruption of Luzp2 by gene targeting in mice did not result in any obvious abnormal phenotypes.
KW  - animal models
KW  - chromosome maps
KW  - DNA binding motifs
KW  - DNA cloning
KW  - gene mapping
KW  - genes
KW  - linkage
KW  - mutational analysis
KW  - neoplasms
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - cancers
KW  - Animal Genetics and Breeding (LL240) (New March 2000)
KW  - Animal Models of Human Diseases (VV400) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetic Engineering, Gene Transfer and Transgenics (WW100) (New June 2002)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033084857&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: johnsondk@ornl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Loss of p53 function accelerates acquisition of telomerase activity in indefinite lifespan human mammary epithelial cell lines.
AU  - Stampfer, M. R.
AU  - Garbe, J.
AU  - Nijjar, T.
AU  - Wigington, D.
AU  - Swisshelm, K.
AU  - Yaswen, P.
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 22
IS  - 34
SP  - 5238
EP  - 5251
CY  - Basingstoke; UK
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 0950-9232
AD  - Stampfer, M. R.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Bldg. 70A1118, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033163298.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: many ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health; Dairy Science
N2  - We describe novel effects of p53 loss on immortal transformation, based upon comparison of immortally transformed human mammary epithelial cell (HMEC) lines lacking functional p53 with closely related p53(+) lines. Our previous studies of p53(+) immortal HMEC lines indicated that overcoming the stringent replicative senescence step associated with critically short telomeres (agonescence), produced indefinite lifespan lines that maintained growth without immediately expressing telomerase activity. These telomerase(-) 'conditionally immortal' HMEC underwent an additional step, termed conversion, to become fully immortal telomerase(+) lines with uniform good growth. The very gradual conversion process was associated with slow heterogeneous growth and high expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57Kip2. We now show that p53 suppresses telomerase activity and is necessary for the p57 expression in early passage p53(+) conditionally immortal HMEC lines, and that p53(-/-) lines exhibit telomerase reactivation and attain full immortality much more rapidly. A p53-inhibiting genetic suppressor element introduced into early passages of a conditionally immortal telomerase(-) p53(+) HMEC line led to rapid induction of hTERT mRNA, expression of telomerase activity, loss of p57 expression, and quick attainment of uniform good growth. These studies indicate that derangements in p53 function may impact malignant progression through direct effects on the conversion process, a potentially rate-limiting step in HMEC acquisition of uniform unlimited growth potential. These studies also provide evidence that the function of p53 in suppression of telomerase activity is separable from its cell cycle checkpoint function.
KW  - cell differentiation
KW  - enzyme activity
KW  - enzymes
KW  - inhibitors
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - mammary tissue
KW  - telomeres
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cytodifferentiation
KW  - telomerase
KW  - Human Physiology and Biochemistry (VV050) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033163298&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.nature.com/onc/journal/v22/n34/index.html
UR  - email: mrstampfer@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Smallest LDL particles are most strongly related to coronary disease progression in men.
AU  - Williams, P. T.
AU  - Superko, H. R.
AU  - Haskell, W. L.
AU  - Alderman, E. L.
AU  - Blanche, P. J.
AU  - Holl, L. G.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
JO  - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
JF  - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
SP  - 314
EP  - 321
CY  - Hagerstown; USA
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
SN  - 1079-5642
AD  - Williams, P. T.: Life Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033067074.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 57-88-5.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Public Health
N2  - Objective - LDLs include particle subclasses that have different mobilities on polyacrylamide gradient gels: LDL-I (27.2 to 28.5 nm), LDL-IIa (26.5 to 27.2 nm), LDL-IIb (25.6 to 26.5 nm), LDL-IIIa (24.7 to 25.6 nm), LDL-IIIb (24.2 to 24.7 nm), LDL-IVa (23.3 to 24.2 nm), and LDL-IVb (22.0 to 23.3 nm in diameter). We hypothesized that the association between smaller LDL particles and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk might involve specific LDL subclasses. Methods and Results - Average 4-year onstudy lipoprotein measurements were compared with annualized rates of stenosis change from baseline to 4 years in 117 men with CAD. The percentages of total LDL and HDL occurring within individual subclasses were measured by gradient gel electrophoresis. Annual rate of stenosis change was related concordantly to onstudy averages of total cholesterol (P=0.04), triglycerides (P=0.05), VLDL mass (P=0.03), total/HDL cholesterol ratio (P=0.04), LDL-IVb (P=0.01), and HDL3a (P=0.02) and inversely to HDL2-mass (P=0.02) and HDL2b (P=0.03). The average annual rate in stenosis change was 6-fold more rapid in the fourth quartile of LDL-IVb (≥5.2%) than in the first quartile (<2.5%, P=0.03). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that LDL-IVb was the single best predictor of stenosis change. Conclusions - LDL-IVb was the single best lipoprotein predictor of increased stenosis, an unexpected result, given that LDL-IVb represents only a minor fraction of total LDL.
KW  - arteries
KW  - cardiovascular diseases
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - disease course
KW  - high density lipoprotein
KW  - human diseases
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - men
KW  - risk factors
KW  - stenosis
KW  - triacylglycerols
KW  - very low density lipoprotein
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - disease progression
KW  - triglycerides
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033067074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/23/2/314
UR  - email: rmkrauss@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Apolipoprotein A5, a newly identified gene that affects plasma triglyceride levels in humans and mice.
AU  - Pennacchio, L. A.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
JO  - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
JF  - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
SP  - 529
EP  - 534
CY  - Hagerstown; USA
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
SN  - 1079-5642
AD  - Pennacchio, L. A.: Department of Genome Sciences, MS 84-171, One Cyclotron Rd, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033103247.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Animal Nutrition; Animal Breeding; Human Nutrition; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) is a newly described member of the apolipoprotein gene family whose initial discovery arose from comparative sequence analysis of the mammalian APOA1/C3/A4 gene cluster. Functional studies in mice indicated that alteration in the level of APOA5 significantly affected plasma triglyceride concentrations. Mice that overexpressed human APOA5 displayed significantly reduced triglycerides, whereas mice that lacked apoa5 had a large increase in this lipid parameter. Studies in humans have also suggested an important role for APOA5 in determining plasma triglyceride concentrations. In these experiments, polymorphisms in the human gene were found to define several common haplotypes that were associated with significant changes in triglyceride concentrations in multiple populations. Several separate clinical studies have provided consistent and strong support for the effect with 24% of whites, 35% of blacks, and 53% of Hispanics who carry APOA5 haplotypes associated with increased plasma triglyceride levels. In summary, APOA5 represents a newly discovered gene involved in triglyceride metabolism in both humans and mice whose mechanism of action remains to be deciphered.
KW  - apolipoproteins
KW  - blacks
KW  - blood plasma
KW  - ethnic groups
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic polymorphism
KW  - genotypes
KW  - haplotypes
KW  - Hispanics
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - triacylglycerols
KW  - whites
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - plasma (blood)
KW  - triglycerides
KW  - Animal Genetics and Breeding (LL240) (New March 2000)
KW  - Animal Nutrition (Physiology) (LL510) 
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033103247&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/23/4/529
UR  - email: LAPennacchio@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tracking multiple pathways of human exposure to persistent multimedia pollutants: regional, continental, and global-scale models.
AU  - McKone, T. E.
AU  - MacLeod, M.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment and Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment and Resources
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 28
SP  - 463
EP  - 492
CY  - Palo Alto; USA
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc
SN  - 1543-5938
AD  - McKone, T. E.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043016770.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 93 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Widespread observations of organic pollutant compounds in vegetation, soil, animals and human tissue have motivated research on more accurate characterizations of chemical transport over regional, continental and global scales. Efforts to assess human and ecosystem exposure to contaminants from multiple environmental media have been evolving over the last several decades. In this review, we summarize the development and evolution of the multimedia mass-balance approach to pollutant fate and exposure evaluation and illustrate some of the calculations used in multimedia assessments. The concepts that form the foundation of Mackay-type mass-balance compartment models are described, and the ongoing efforts to use multimedia models to quantify human exposures are discussed. A series of case studies of varying complexity are used to illustrate capabilities and limitations of selected multimedia approaches. We look to the future and consider current challenges and opportunities in the field of multimedia contaminant fate and exposure modelling.
KW  - contaminants
KW  - exposure
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - pollutants
KW  - reviews
KW  - toxic substances
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - poisons
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043016770&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: temckone@lbl.gov\mjmacleod@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Antimony impurity in lead arsenate insecticide enhances the antimony content of old orchard soils.
AU  - Wagner, S. E.
AU  - Peryea, F. J.
AU  - Filby, R. A.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
SP  - 736
EP  - 738
CY  - Madison; USA
PB  - American Society of Agronomy
SN  - 0047-2425
AD  - Wagner, S. E.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033054222.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 26 ref. Registry Number: 7440-36-0, 7440-38-2, 10102-48-4.  Subject Subsets: Agricultural Entomology; Horticultural Science; Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Lead arsenate was a commonly used insecticide during the first half of the 20th century, particularly in deciduous tree fruit orchards. Antimony is cotransported with As during the ore refining process and could occur as an impurity in commercial lead arsenate products. The total concentrations of As and Sb in eight soil samples collected from eight orchards located throughout central Washington State were analyzed by neutron activation analysis. Total soil Sb concentrations ranged between 0.4 and 1.5 mg kg-1, while total soil As concentration ranged from 1 to 170 mg kg-1. Total soil Sb and As concentrations were positively related. Total Pb and As concentrations in four of the soils were substantially higher than natural background, while the Sb to As concentration ratios in these soils were consistent with values measured in three lead arsenate insecticide products. These results confirm that Sb impurity is present in lead arsenate insecticide and has contributed to Sb enrichment of soils on which lead arsenate-treated plants were grown. Although higher than in uncontaminated soils from the same region, the Sb concentrations in the affected soils fall within the normal range observed worldwide and are substantially lower than values associated with impaired human or environmental health.
KW  - antimony
KW  - arsenic
KW  - insecticide residues
KW  - insecticides
KW  - lead arsenate
KW  - orchard soils
KW  - orchards
KW  - polluted soils
KW  - public health
KW  - soil pollution
KW  - soil types
KW  - tree fruits
KW  - USA
KW  - Washington
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - Pacific Northwest States of USA
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - orchard crops
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Horticultural Crops (FF003) (New March 2000)
KW  - Plant Production (FF100) 
KW  - Pesticide and Drug Residues and Ecotoxicology (HH430) (New March 2000)
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033054222&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: fjperyea@wsu.edu
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Brain dopamine is associated with eating behaviors in humans.
AU  - Volkow, N. D.
AU  - Wang, G. J.
AU  - Maynard, L.
AU  - Jayne, M.
AU  - Fowler, J. S.
AU  - Zhu, W.
AU  - Logan, J.
AU  - Gatley, S. J.
AU  - Ding, Y. S.
AU  - Wong, C.
AU  - Pappas, N.
JO  - International Journal of Eating Disorders
JF  - International Journal of Eating Disorders
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
SP  - 136
EP  - 142
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - John Wiley and Sons, Inc
SN  - 0276-3478
AD  - Volkow, N. D.: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033041410.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 32 ref. Registry Number: 51-61-6.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Objective: Eating behavior in humans is influenced by variables other than just hunger-satiety including cognitive restraint, emotional distress, and sensitivity to food stimuli. We investigate the role of dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter involved with food motivation, in these variables. Methods: We used the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) to measure Restraint, Emotionality, and Externality in 10 subjects. We correlated DEBQ scores with brain DA levels. Positron emission tomography and [11C]raclopride uptake were used to measure baseline D2 receptors (neutral stimulation) and to assess changes in extracellular DA to food stimulation (display of food). Results: Restraint was correlated with DA changes with food stimulation (higher restraint, greater responsivity), emotionality was negatively correlated with baseline D2 receptors (higher emotionality, lower D2 receptors), whereas externality was not. These correlations were significant in the dorsal but not in the ventral striatum. Discussion: These results provide evidence that DA in the dorsal striatum is involved with the restraint and emotionality components regulating eating behavior and that these two dimensions reflect different neurobiologic processes.
KW  - behaviour
KW  - brain
KW  - dopamine
KW  - feeding behaviour
KW  - New York
KW  - USA
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Middle Atlantic States of USA
KW  - Northeastern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - behavior
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - feeding behavior
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033041410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: volkow@bnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gas-phase organics in environmental tobacco smoke: 2. Exposure-relevant emission factors and indirect exposures from habitual smoking.
AU  - Singer, B. C.
AU  - Hodgson, A. T.
AU  - Nazaroff, W. W.
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
SP  - 5551
EP  - 5561
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Pergamon Press
SN  - 1352-2310
AD  - Singer, B. C.: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043124156.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 91-20-3, 54-11-5.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Sorption of emitted gas-phase organic compounds onto material surfaces affects environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) composition and exposures indoors. We have introduced a new metric, the exposure relevant emission factor (EREF) that accounts for sorptive uptake and reemission to give the mass of individual ETS constituents available for exposure over a day in which smoking occurs. This paper describes month-long experiments to investigate sorption effects on EREFs and potential ETS exposures under habitual smoking conditions. Cigarettes were smoked in a 50-m3 furnished room over a 3-h period 6-7 days per week, with continuous ventilation at 0.3, 0.6, or 2.1 h-1. Organic gas concentrations were measured every few days over 4-h "smoking", 10-h "post-smoking" and 10-h "background" periods. Concentration patterns of volatile ETS components including 1,3-butadiene, benzene and acrolein were similar to those calculated for a theoretical non-sorbing tracer, indicating limited sorption. Concentrations of ETS tracers, e.g. 3-ethenylpyridine (3-EP) and nicotine, and lower volatility toxic air contaminants including phenol, cresols, and naphthalene increased as experiments progressed, indicating mass accumulation on surfaces and higher desorption rates. Daily patterns stabilized after week 2, yielding a steady daily cycle of ETS concentrations associated with habitual smoking. EREFs for sorbing compounds were higher under steady cycle versus single-day smoking conditions by ~50% for 3-EP, and by 2-3 times for nicotine, phenol, cresols, naphthalene, and methylnaphthalenes. Our results provide relevant information about potential indirect exposures from residual ETS (non-smoker enters room shortly after smoker finishes) and from reemission, and their importance relative to direct exposures (non-smoker present during smoking). Under the conditions examined, indirect exposures accounted for a larger fraction of total potential exposures for sorbing versus non-sorbing compounds, and at lower versus higher ventilation rates. Increasing ventilation can reduce indirect exposures to very low levels for non-sorbing ETS components, but indirect routes accounted for ~50% of potential nicotine exposures during non-smoking periods at all ventilation rates.
KW  - cresols
KW  - emission
KW  - exposure
KW  - naphthalene
KW  - nicotine
KW  - organic compounds
KW  - passive smoking
KW  - tobacco smoking
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - methylphenols
KW  - organic chemicals
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043124156&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VH3-49WMS2R-2&_user=10&_handle=B-WA-A-A-WA-MsSAYZW-UUA-AUEVZWZBEY-AUEWWUDAEY-CZUZDAEDA-WA-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F2003&_rdoc=11&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%236055%232003%23999629960%23470889!&_cdi=6055&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=97e6d3c43fe5c3ebcb7577395f9b1ed6
UR  - email: bcsinger@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Beryllium in the environment: a review.
AU  - Taylor, T. P.
AU  - Ding, M.
AU  - Ehler, D. S.
AU  - Foreman, T. M.
AU  - Kaszuba, J. P.
AU  - Sauer, N. N.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
SP  - 439
EP  - 469
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Marcel Dekker, Inc.
SN  - 1093-4529
AD  - Taylor, T. P.: Chemistry Division (C-SIC), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033046540.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 140 ref. Registry Number: 7440-41-7.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Beryllium is an important industrial metal because of its unusual material properties: it is lighter than aluminium and six times stronger than steel. Often alloyed with other metals such as copper, beryllium is a key component of materials used in the aerospace and electronics industries. Beryllium has a small neutron cross-section, which makes it useful in the production of nuclear weapons and in sealed neutron sources. Unfortunately, beryllium is one of the most toxic elements in the periodic table. It is responsible for the often-fatal lung disease, Chronic Beryllium Disease (CBD) or berylliosis, and is listed as a Class A EPA carcinogen. Coal-fired power plants, industrial manufacturing and nuclear weapons production and disposal operations have released beryllium to the environment. This contamination has the potential to expose workers and the public to beryllium. Despite the increasing use of beryllium in industry, there is surprisingly little published information about beryllium fate and transport in the environment. This information is crucial for the development of strategies that limit worker and public exposure. This review summarizes the current understanding of beryllium health hazards, current regulatory mandates, environmental chemistry, geochemistry and environmental contamination.
KW  - berylliosis
KW  - beryllium
KW  - contamination
KW  - geochemistry
KW  - human diseases
KW  - occupational hazards
KW  - occupational health
KW  - regulations
KW  - reviews
KW  - toxic substances
KW  - poisons
KW  - rules
KW  - Laws and Regulations (DD500) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Occupational Health and Safety (VV900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033046540&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: nsauer@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A particle-based model of size or anion exclusion with application to microbial transport in porous media.
AU  - Scheibe, T. D.
AU  - Wood, B. D.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
SP  - SBH 3/1
EP  - SBH 3/10
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Geophysical Union
SN  - 0043-1397
AD  - Scheibe, T. D.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033101457.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: many ref. Subject Subsets: Irrigation & Drainage; Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - This paper presents a novel approach to the representation of pore-scale exclusion processes, based on the truncation of the distribution of local dispersive displacements in a random-walk particle model. This approach increases the mean velocity of colloidal-sized particles relative to inert solute tracers, and decreases the apparent dispersion. An equivalent continuum model, with modified velocity and dispersion parameters, is also derived. Both the particle and the equivalent continuum models are applied to the results of laboratory experiments on bacterial transport in intact cores from a research site near Oyster, Virginia. The particle-based model requires only modest truncation (8% maximum) of the particle velocity distribution function to closely reproduce the significant observed decrease in bacterial arrival times relative to a bromide tracer. The approach provides a conceptually appealing and consistent means of incorporating the exclusion process into groundwater transport models.
KW  - anions
KW  - groundwater
KW  - groundwater pollution
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - polluted water
KW  - porous media
KW  - public health
KW  - soil water movement
KW  - water management
KW  - water quality
KW  - water resources
KW  - USA
KW  - Virginia
KW  - bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - Appalachian States of USA
KW  - Southern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - South Atlantic States of USA
KW  - bacterium
KW  - United States of America
KW  - water composition and quality
KW  - water resource management
KW  - Soil Physics (JJ300) 
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033101457&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: tim.scheibe@pnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Development and characterization of CHO repair-proficient cell lines for comparative mutagenicity and metabolism of heterocyclic amines from cooked food.
AU  - Wu, R. W.
AU  - Panteleakos, F. N.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
JF  - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
SP  - 7
EP  - 13
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Wiley-Liss, Inc.
SN  - 0893-6692
AD  - Wu, R. W.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043183763.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 9027-80-9.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - In order to understand the role of repair and metabolism in the mutagenicity of heterocyclic amines from cooked foods, we previously developed the nucleotide excision repair-deficient CHO 5P3NAT2 cell line engineered to coexpress the mouse CYP1A2 and human N-acetyltransferase genes. In the present study, we have made a matched repair-competent cell line by mutagenizing 5P3NAT2 cells with ethyl methanesulfonate and selecting for resistance to cytotoxicity by 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ). In the differential cytotoxicity (DC) assay, 4 out of 15 clones showed no cytotoxic effect with IQ at the highest dose (30 µg/ml) tested, in contrast to repair-deficient 5P3NAT2 cells, which showed ~100% cytotoxicity at 0.3 µg/ml. Subsequently, these IQ-resistant clones were examined for resistance to killing by UV irradiation. All four IQ-resistant clones, which show resistance to UV similar to that of repair-proficient AA8 cells, still express both the CYP1A2 and N-acetyltransferase genes. Sequence analysis of CXPD cDNA from the 5P3NAT2R9 clone revealed an A:T->G:C reversion event at the site of the UV5 mutation. This base change results in reversion of the codon 116 tyrosine in UV5 cells back to the original cysteine in AA8 cells, thereby restoring wild-type CXPD activity and repair function. In contrast to 5P3NAT2 cells, the repair-proficient 5P3NAT2R9 revertant cell line shows little IQ-induced cell killing, and dramatically lower levels of induced mutation at the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (Aprt) gene locus over the range of 2-40 µg/ml IQ. This matched pair of repair-proficient/deficient cell lines can provide insight not only into the genotoxicity of heterocyclic amine dietary carcinogens such as IQ and PhIP, but also into the effects of nucleotide excision repair on the ultimate mutagenicity of these compounds.
KW  - adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - cell lines
KW  - cells
KW  - clones
KW  - cytotoxicity
KW  - DNA sequencing
KW  - genes
KW  - genotoxicity
KW  - metabolism
KW  - mutagenicity
KW  - mutations
KW  - cooked foods
KW  - heterocyclic amines
KW  - nucleotide sequence analysis
KW  - nucleotide sequencing
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043183763&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/102527610/ABSTRACT
UR  - email: wu2@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Limitations of TaqMan PCR for detecting divergent viral pathogens illustrated by hepatitis A, B, C, and E viruses and human immunodeficiency virus.
AU  - Gardner, S. N.
AU  - Kuczmarski, T. A.
AU  - Vitalis, E. A.
AU  - Slezak, T. R.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
SP  - 2417
EP  - 2427
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0095-1137
AD  - Gardner, S. N.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-448, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033118793.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 12 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Recent events illustrate the imperative to rapidly and accurately detect and identify pathogens during disease outbreaks, whether they are natural or engineered. Particularly for our primary goal of detecting bioterrorist releases, detection techniques must be both species-wide (capable of detecting all known strains of a given species) and species specific. Due to classification restrictions on the publication of data for species that may pose a bioterror threat, we illustrate the challenges of finding such assays using five nonthreat organisms that are nevertheless of public health concern: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and four species of hepatitis viruses. Fluorogenic probe-based PCR assays (TaqMan; Perkin-Elmer Corp., Applied Biosystems, Foster City, Calif.) may be sensitive, fast methods for the identification of species in which the genome is conserved among strains, such as hepatitis A virus. For species such as HIV, however, the strains are highly divergent. We use computational methods to show that nine TaqMan primer and probe sequences, or signatures, are needed to ensure that all strains will be detected, but this is an unfeasible number, considering the cost of TaqMan probes. Strains of hepatitis B, C, and E viruses show intermediate divergence, so that two to three TaqMan signatures are required to detect all strains of each virus. We conclude that for species such as hepatitis A virus with high levels of sequence conservation among strains, signatures can be found computationally for detection by the TaqMan assay, which is a sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective method. However, for species such as HIV with substantial genetic divergence among strains, the TaqMan assay becomes unfeasible and alternative detection methods may be required. We compare the TaqMan assay with some of the alternative nucleic acid-based detection techniques of microarray, chip, and bead technologies in terms of sensitivity, speed, and cost.
KW  - detection
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - diagnostic techniques
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - strains
KW  - viral diseases
KW  - hepatitis A virus
KW  - hepatitis B virus
KW  - hepatitis C virus
KW  - hepatitis E virus
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Hepatovirus
KW  - Picornaviridae
KW  - positive-sense ssRNA viruses
KW  - ssRNA viruses
KW  - RNA viruses
KW  - Hepadnaviridae
KW  - DNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - Hepacivirus
KW  - Flaviviridae
KW  - Hepatitis E-like viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - PCR
KW  - viral infections
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Diagnosis of Human Disease (VV720) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033118793&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: gardner26@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - An in vitro model system to predict the bioaccessibility of heterocyclic amines from a cooked meat matrix.
AU  - Kulp, K. S.
AU  - Fortson, S. L.
AU  - Knize, M. G.
AU  - Felton, J. S.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 41
IS  - 12
SP  - 1701
EP  - 1710
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Pergamon Press
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Kulp, K. S.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, PO Box 808, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033189515.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 49 ref. Registry Number: 8049-47-6, 9001-75-6.  Subject Subsets: Poultry; Human Nutrition
N2  - To understand the impact of variation in digestion parameters on the release of heterocyclic amines naturally formed during cooking, we developed and characterized a model system to assess the effect of amylase, pepsin, and pancreatin on digestion of well-done chicken. The amounts of MeIQx, DiMeIQx, IFP, and PhIP in the liquid portion of the digestate were compared to levels in the undigested meat to determine the percentage released (accessible fraction). Incubating the meat with amylase and pepsin did not change the accessibility of HAs when compared to incubation with water alone. In contrast, increasing amounts of pancreatin increased the accessibility up to 6.4-fold. Comparing the amounts of the HAs in the liquid to the solid fraction showed that there was more MeIQx, DiMeIQx, and IFP in the liquid fraction. In contrast, PhIP was equally divided between the solid and liquid fractions. For all four compounds, increasing the doneness of the meat decreased the amount of the compound accessible from the meat matrix. Our data suggest that bioaccessability of HAs may vary according to the polarity of the individual HAs and also may depend upon the doneness of the meat. These results may have important ramifications for human feeding studies, which assume that the total amount of each HA in the meat matrix is equally bioavailable.
KW  - amines
KW  - amylases
KW  - bioavailability
KW  - chicken meat
KW  - cooking
KW  - digestion
KW  - enzyme activity
KW  - enzymes
KW  - in vitro
KW  - mutagens
KW  - pancreatin
KW  - pepsin
KW  - poultry
KW  - toxicity
KW  - fowls
KW  - Gallus gallus
KW  - Gallus
KW  - Phasianidae
KW  - Galliformes
KW  - birds
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chickens
KW  - domesticated birds
KW  - heterocyclic amines
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Processing (General) (QQ100) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Physiology of Human Nutrition (VV120) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033189515&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: kulp2@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Selenium and nitrate removal from agricultural drainage using the AIWPS® technology.
AU  - Green, F. B.
AU  - Lundquist, T. J.
AU  - Quinn, N. W. T.
AU  - Zarate, M. A.
AU  - Zubieta, I. X.
AU  - Oswald, W. J.
A2  - Shilton, A. N.
A2  - Craggs, R. J.
A2  - Walmsley, N.
JO  - Water Science and Technology
JF  - Water Science and Technology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
SP  - 299
EP  - 305
CY  - London; UK
PB  - IWA Publishing House
SN  - 0273-1223
AD  - Green, F. B.: Hydroecological Engineering & Advanced Decision Support Group, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A-3317, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033148988.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 27 ref. Registry Number: 14797-55-8, 7782-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers; Irrigation & Drainage
N2  - Monthly maximum discharge limits (MMDL) have been established for selenium in irrigation drainage by the State of California (USA) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency following observations of avian teratogenesis at the Kesterson Reservoir in the San Joaquin Valley of California. As a result of these and other adverse effects, farmers and drainage districts on the western side of the San Joaquin Valley must reduce selenium concentrations in irrigation drainage discharged to the San Joaquin River. Drainage treatment will be required in the near future to meet existing MMDL and future total maximum discharge limits for the San Joaquin River. A 0.4-hectare algal bacterial selenium removal facility was designed and constructed at the Panoche Drainage District in 1995 and 1996 using the Advanced Integrated Wastewater Pond Systems Technology. Each of two physically identical systems combined a reduction pond with a shallow, peripheral algal high rate pond. A dissolved air flotation (DAF) unit and a slow sand filter were used to remove particulate selenium from the effluent of each system. The two systems were operated under different modes of operation and the bacterial substrate varied in each system. The rates of nitrate and selenium removal were compared. Microalgae were harvested using DAF and used as a carbon-rich substrate for nitrate- and selenate-reducing bacteria. Mass removals of total soluble selenium of 77% or greater were achieved over a three-year period. Nitrate and selenate were removed by assimilatory and dissimilatory bacterial reduction, and nitrate was also removed by algal assimilation. The final removal of particulate selenium is the focus of ongoing investigations. The removal of particulate selenium is expected to increase the overall removal of selenium to greater than 90% and would allow farmers and drainage districts to discharge irrigation drainage in compliance with regulatory discharge limits.
KW  - biological treatment
KW  - drainage
KW  - drainage water
KW  - irrigation
KW  - nitrate
KW  - polluted water
KW  - selenium
KW  - teratogenesis
KW  - toxicity
KW  - wastewater
KW  - wastewater treatment
KW  - water pollution
KW  - water quality
KW  - California
KW  - USA
KW  - bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - bacterium
KW  - United States of America
KW  - waste water
KW  - waste water treatment
KW  - waste-water treatment
KW  - water composition and quality
KW  - watering
KW  - Soil Water Management (Irrigation and Drainage) (JJ800) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Soil Water Management]
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Fermentation Technology and Industrial Microbiology (WW500) (New June 2002)
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
KW  - Biodegradation (XX700) 
KW  - Toxicology and Poisoning (Wild Animals) (YY900) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033148988&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: FBGreen@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Towards a unified system for detecting waterborne pathogens.
AU  - Straub, T. M.
AU  - Chandler, D. P.
JO  - Journal of Microbiological Methods
JF  - Journal of Microbiological Methods
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
SP  - 185
EP  - 197
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd
SN  - 0167-7012
AD  - Straub, T. M.: Analytical Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999 MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033101210.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 7732-18-5.  Subject Subsets: Public Health; Protozoology
N2  - Currently, there is no single method to collect, process, and analyze a water sample for all pathogenic microorganisms of interest. Some of the difficulties in developing a universal method include the physical differences between the major pathogen groups (viruses, bacteria, protozoa), efficiently concentrating large volume water samples to detect low target concentrations of certain pathogen groups, removing co-concentrated inhibitors from the sample, and standardizing a culture-independent endpoint detection method. Integrating the disparate technologies into a single, universal, simple method and detection system would represent a significant advance in public health and microbiological water quality analysis. Recent advances in sample collection, on-line sample processing and purification, and DNA microarray technologies may form the basis of a universal method to detect known and emerging waterborne pathogens. This review discusses some of the challenges in developing a universal pathogen detection method, current technology that may be employed to overcome these challenges, and the remaining needs for developing an integrated pathogen detection and monitoring system for source or finished water.
KW  - methodology
KW  - reviews
KW  - water
KW  - bacteria
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - viruses
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - methods
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Protozoan, Helminth and Arthropod Parasites of Humans (VV220) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033101210&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T30-4817HYH-1&_user=10&_handle=W-WA-A-A-AZ-MsSAYVW-UUW-AUCDWUEUZA-AWCZVCUEC-AZ-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2003&_rdoc=7&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%234932%232003%23999469997%23405282!&_cdi=4932&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=9bd998847ff5d6dfce7fd5de8c68b9ee
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Surface area of respirable beryllium metal, oxide, and copper alloy aerosols and implications for assessment of exposure risk of chronic beryllium disease.
AU  - Stefaniak, A. B.
AU  - Hoover, M. D.
AU  - Dickerson, R. M.
AU  - Peterson, E. J.
AU  - Day, G. A.
AU  - Breysse, P. N.
AU  - Kent, M. S.
AU  - Scripsick, R. C.
JO  - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
JF  - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 64
IS  - 3
SP  - 297
EP  - 305
CY  - Fairfax; USA
PB  - American Industrial Hygiene Association
SN  - 1529-8663
AD  - Stefaniak, A. B.: Industrial Hygiene and Safety Group (HSR-5), MS K553, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033124720.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 33 ref. Registry Number: 7440-41-7.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - The continued occurrence of chronic beryllium disease (CBD) suggests that the current occupational exposure limit of 2 µg beryllium per cubic meter of air does not adequately protect workers. This study examined the morphology and measured the particle surface area of aerodynamically size-separated powders and process-sampled particles of beryllium metal, beryllium oxide, and copper-beryllium alloy. The beryllium metal powder consisted of compact particles, whereas the beryllium oxide powder and particles were clusters of smaller primary particles. Specific surface area (SSA) results for all samples (N=30) varied by a factor of 37, from 0.56±0.07 m2/g (for the 0.4-0.7 µm size fraction of the process-sampled reduction furnace particles) to 20.8±0.4 m2/g (for the ≤0.4 µm size fraction of the metal powder). Large relative differences in SSA were observed as a function of particle size for the powder of beryllium metal, from 4.0±0.01 m2/g (for the particle size fraction >6 µm) to 20.8±0.44 m2/g (for the particle size fraction ≤0.4 µm). In contrast, little relative difference in SSA (<25%) was observed as a function of particle size for the beryllium oxide powder and particles collected from the screening operation. The SSA of beryllium metal powder decreased with increasing particle size, as expected for compact particles, and the SSA of the beryllium oxide powders and particles remained constant as a function of particle size, which might be expected for clustered particles. These associations illustrate how process-related factors can influence the morphology and SSA of beryllium materials. To avoid errors in predicting bioavailability of beryllium and the associated risks for CBD, the mechanisms of particle formation should be understood and the SSA of beryllium particles should be measured directly.
KW  - alloys
KW  - berylliosis
KW  - beryllium
KW  - human diseases
KW  - occupational hazards
KW  - occupational health
KW  - oxides
KW  - particle size
KW  - particles
KW  - surface area
KW  - toxic substances
KW  - poisons
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Occupational Health and Safety (VV900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033124720&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: scrip@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genome differences that distinguish Bacillus anthracis from Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis.
AU  - Radnedge, L.
AU  - Agron, P. G.
AU  - Hill, K. K.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
AU  - Ticknor, L. O.
AU  - Keim, P.
AU  - Andersen, G. L.
JO  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 69
IS  - 5
SP  - 2755
EP  - 2764
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0099-2240
AD  - Radnedge, L.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033095546.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 40 ref. Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science; Veterinary Science
N2  - The three species of the group 1 bacilli, Bacillus anthracis, B. cereus, and B. thuringiensis, are genetically very closely related. All inhabit soil habitats but exhibit different phenotypes. B. anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax and is phylogenetically monomorphic, while B. cereus and B. thuringiensis are genetically more diverse. An amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis described here demonstrates genetic diversity among a collection of non-anthrax-causing Bacillus species, some of which show significant similarity to B. anthracis. Suppression subtractive hybridization was then used to characterize the genomic differences that distinguish three of the non-anthrax-causing bacilli from B. anthracis Ames. Ninety-three DNA sequences that were present in B. anthracis but absent from the non-anthrax-causing Bacillus genomes were isolated. Furthermore, 28 of these sequences were not found in a collection of 10 non-anthrax-causing Bacillus species but were present in all members of a representative collection of B. anthracis strains. These sequences map to distinct loci on the B. anthracis genome and can be assayed simultaneously in multiplex PCR assays for rapid and highly specific DNA-based detection of B. anthracis.
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic diversity
KW  - genetic polymorphism
KW  - genomes
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - species differences
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bacillus cereus
KW  - Bacillus thuringiensis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033095546&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: GLAndersen@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Autonomous detection of aerosolized Bacillus anthracis and Yersinia pestis.
AU  - McBride, M. T.
AU  - Masquelier, D.
AU  - Hindson, B. J.
AU  - Makarewicz, A. J.
AU  - Brown, S.
AU  - Burris, K.
AU  - Metz, T.
AU  - Langlois, R. G.
AU  - Tsang, K. W.
AU  - Bryan, R.
AU  - Anderson, D. A.
AU  - Venkateswaran, K. S.
AU  - Milanovich, F. P.
AU  - Colston, B. W., Jr.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
JF  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 75
IS  - 20
SP  - 5293
EP  - 5299
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Chemical Society
SN  - 0003-2700
AD  - McBride, M. T.: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033193494.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Subject Subsets: Agricultural Biotechnology; Tropical Diseases; Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - We have developed and tested a fully autonomous pathogen detection system (APDS) capable of continuously monitoring the environment for airborne biological threat agents. The system is designed to provide early warning to civilians in the event of a terrorist attack. The final APDS will be completely automated, offering aerosol sampling, in-line sample preparation fluidics, multiplexed detection and identification immunoassays, and orthogonal, multiplexed PCR (nucleic acid) amplification and detection. The system performance (current capabilities include aerosol collection, multiplexed immunoassays, sample archiving, data reporting, and alarming) was evaluated in a field test conducted in a Biosafety Level 3 facility, where the system was challenged with, and detected, a series of aerosolized releases containing two live, virulent biological threat agents (Bacillus anthracis and Yersinia pestis). Results presented here represent the first autonomous, simultaneous measurement of these agents.
KW  - aerosols
KW  - data collection
KW  - detection
KW  - immunoassay
KW  - monitoring
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - sample processing
KW  - sampling
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - bacterium
KW  - biological agents
KW  - data logging
KW  - PCR
KW  - preparation of samples
KW  - sampling techniques
KW  - surveillance systems
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033193494&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: colston1@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - In a subset of subjects on highly active antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma decays from 50 to <5 copies per milliliter, with a half-life of 6 months.
AU  - Mascio, M. di
AU  - Dornadula, G.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Sullivan, J.
AU  - Xu, Y.
AU  - Kulkosky, J.
AU  - Pomerantz, R. J.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
SP  - 2271
EP  - 2275
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0022-538X
AD  - Mascio, M. di: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033015423.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 40 ref. Registry Number: 9068-38-6.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Three of five virally suppressed human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1)-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy and followed intensively with a supersensitive reverse transcriptase PCR assay with a lower limit of quantitation of 5 copies/ml showed statistically significant viral load decays below 50 copies/ml, with half-lives of 5 to 8 months and a mean of 6 months. This range of half-lives is consistent with the estimated half-life of the latent HIV-1 reservoir in the peripheral blood. Those patients without decay of viral load in plasma may have significant cryptic HIV-1 residual replication.
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - drug therapy
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - polymerase chain reaction
KW  - reverse transcriptase
KW  - viral diseases
KW  - viral load
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - PCR
KW  - viral infections
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033015423&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: asp@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Viral blip dynamics during highly active antiretroviral therapy.
AU  - Mascio, M. di
AU  - Markowitz, M.
AU  - Louie, M.
AU  - Hogan, C.
AU  - Hurley, A.
AU  - Chung, C.
AU  - Ho, D. D.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 77
IS  - 22
SP  - 12165
EP  - 12172
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0022-538X
AD  - Mascio, M. di: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033194866.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 24 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Although intermittent episodes of low-level viraemia are often observed in well-suppressed highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated patients, the timing and amplitude of viral blips have never been examined in detail. We analyse here the dynamics of viral blips, i.e., plasma VL measurements of >50 copies/ml, in 123 HAART-treated patients monitored for a mean of 2.6 years (range, 5 months to 5.3 years). The mean (± the standard deviation) blip frequency was 0.09±0.11/sample, with about one-third of patients showing no viral blips. The mean viral blip amplitude was 158±132 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA copies/ml. Analysis of the blip frequency and amplitude distributions suggest that two blips less than 22 days apart have a significant chance of being part of the same episode of viraemia. The data are consistent with a hypothetical model in which each episode of viraemia consists of a phase of VL rise, followed by two-phase exponential decay. Thus, the term "viral blip" may be a misnomer, since viral replication appears to be occurring over an extended period. Neither the frequency nor the amplitude of viral blips increases with longer periods of observation, but the frequency is inversely correlated with the CD4+-T-cell count at the start of therapy, suggesting that host-specific factors but not treatment fatigue are determinants of blip frequency.
KW  - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - CD4+ lymphocytes
KW  - disease course
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - immune response
KW  - immunotherapy
KW  - pathogenesis
KW  - pathogenicity
KW  - physiopathology
KW  - therapy
KW  - viraemia
KW  - viral replication
KW  - man
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - AIDS
KW  - CD4+ cells
KW  - disease progression
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - immunity reactions
KW  - immunological reactions
KW  - pathophysiology
KW  - T4 lymphocytes
KW  - therapeutics
KW  - viremia
KW  - Human Immunology and Allergology (VV055) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Non-drug Therapy and Prophylaxis of Humans (VV710) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033194866&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: asp@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The TB structural genomics consortium: a resource for Mycobacterium tuberculosis biology.
AU  - Terwilliger, T. C.
AU  - Park, M. S.
AU  - Waldo, G. S.
AU  - Berendzen, J.
AU  - Hung, L. W.
AU  - Kim, C. Y.
AU  - Smith, C. V.
AU  - Sacchettini, J. C.
AU  - Bellinzoni, M.
AU  - Bossi, R.
AU  - Rossi, E. de
AU  - Mattevi, A.
AU  - Milano, A.
AU  - Riccardi, G.
AU  - Rizzi, M.
AU  - Roberts, M. M.
AU  - Coker, A. R.
AU  - Fossati, G.
AU  - Mascagni, P.
AU  - Coates, A. R. M.
AU  - Wood, S. P.
AU  - Goulding, C. W.
AU  - Apostol, M. I.
AU  - Anderson, D. H.
AU  - Gill, H. S.
AU  - Eisenberg, D. S. (et al)
JO  - Tuberculosis
JF  - Tuberculosis
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 83
IS  - 4
SP  - 223
EP  - 249
CY  - Edinburgh; UK
PB  - Harcourt Publishers Ltd
SN  - 1472-9792
AD  - Terwilliger, T. C.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033145469.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 134 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - The TB Structural Genomics Consortium is an organization devoted to encouraging, coordinating and facilitating the determination and analysis of structures of proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The Consortium members hope to work together with other M. tuberculosis researchers to identify M. tuberculosis proteins for which structural information could provide important biological information, to analyse and interpret structures of M. tuberculosis proteins, and to work collaboratively to test ideas about M. tuberculosis protein function that are suggested by structure or related to structural information. This review describes the TB Structural Genomics Consortium and some of the proteins for which the Consortium is in the progress of determining the genetic and three-dimensional structures.
KW  - bacterial proteins
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - chemical structure
KW  - genome analysis
KW  - genomics
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - organizations
KW  - reviews
KW  - structure activity relationships
KW  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis
KW  - Mycobacterium
KW  - Mycobacteriaceae
KW  - Corynebacterineae
KW  - Actinomycetales
KW  - Actinobacteridae
KW  - Actinobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms (ZZ394) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033145469&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: terwilliger@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative genomic tools and databases: providing insights into the human genome.
AU  - Pennacchio, L. A.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Investigation
JF  - Journal of Clinical Investigation
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 111
IS  - 8
SP  - 1099
EP  - 1106
CY  - Ann Arbor; USA
PB  - American Society for Clinical Investigation
SN  - 0021-9738
AD  - Pennacchio, L. A.: Genome Sciences Department, MS 84-171, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033077166.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 42 ref. Subject Subsets: Animal Breeding; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - The application of comparative genomic visualization tools, and whole-genome browsers, annotation and comparative genomic browsers is discussed. The article also elaborates on custom comparison to whole genomes and general insights from genomic-sequence comparisons of humans and mice, as well as gene and regulatory sequence identification.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - databases
KW  - genetic analysis
KW  - genome analysis
KW  - genomes
KW  - regulatory sequences
KW  - man
KW  - mice
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - data banks
KW  - Information and Documentation (CC300) 
KW  - Animal Genetics and Breeding (LL240) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033077166&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: LAPennacchio@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Collagen-IV and laminin-1 regulate estrogen receptor α expression and function in mouse mammary epithelial cells.
AU  - Novaro, V.
AU  - Roskelley, C. D.
AU  - Bissell, M. J.
JO  - Journal of Cell Science
JF  - Journal of Cell Science
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 116
IS  - 14
SP  - 2975
EP  - 2986
CY  - Cambridge; UK
PB  - Company of Biologists Ltd
SN  - 0021-9533
AD  - Novaro, V.: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033125302.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: many ref. Subject Subsets: Dairy Science
N2  - The expression level and functional activity of estrogen receptor α is an important determinant of breast physiology and breast cancer treatment. However, it has been difficult to identify the signals that regulate estrogen receptor because cultured mammary epithelial cells generally do not respond to estrogenic signals. Here, we use a combination of two- and three-dimensional culture systems to dissect the extracellular signals that control endogenous estrogen receptor α. Its expression was greatly reduced when primary mammary epithelial cells were placed on tissue culture plastic; however, the presence of a reconstituted basement membrane in combination with lactogenic hormones partially prevented this decrease. Estrogen receptor α expression in primary mammary fibroblasts was not altered by these culture conditions, indicating that its regulation is cell type specific. Moreover, estrogen receptor-dependent reporter gene expression, as well as estrogen receptor α levels, were increased threefold in a functionally normal mammary epithelial cell line when reconstituted basement membrane was added to the medium. This regulatory effect of reconstituted basement membrane was reproduced by two of its components, collagen-IV and laminin-1, and it was blocked by antibodies against α2, α6 and β1 integrin subunits. Our results indicate that integrin-mediated response to specific basement membrane components, rather than cell rounding or cell growth arrest induced by reconstituted basement membrane, is critical in the regulation of estrogen receptor α expression and function in mammary epithelial cells.
KW  - animal models
KW  - collagen
KW  - epithelium
KW  - laboratory animals
KW  - laminins
KW  - mammary glands
KW  - oestrogen receptors
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - estrogen receptors
KW  - Animal Models of Human Diseases (VV400) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033125302&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: mjbissell@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Phenotype- and gene-driven approaches to discovering the functions of mammalian genes.
AU  - Johnson, D. K.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 133
IS  - 12
SP  - 4269
EP  - 4270
CY  - Bethesda; USA
PB  - American Society for Nutritional Sciences
SN  - 0022-3166
AD  - Johnson, D. K.: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6420, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043092097.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - All of us are involved in discovery science as we pursue the genes, networks, cellular processes and biophysical principles that govern our chosen biological question. For those of us who choose to proceed using plant or animal models to dissect the elements of our favorite biological system, there are many classical and newer approaches available for our use, including two complementary strategies by which the discovery process is proceeding at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The ORNL has been known for six decades for its investigations of the effects of radiation and chemicals in inducing heritable mutations in mouse germ cells, and for using mouse mutations as tools for the cloning and characterization of mammalian genes. Our history and experience in making mouse models are being applied via these two complementary strategies: (1), a phenotype-driven approach, in which mice carrying random chemically-induced mutations are screened for abnormal phenotypes; and (2) a gene-driven approach in which heritable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in preselected genes already thought likely to influence a biological system of choice can be recovered in live mice. The SNP-carrying mice can then be phenotyped for alterations in one's target biology. Both approaches have value and are necessary; while we can use mutations in genes that we already know to be of interest in our favorite biology to discover gene function, we also know that biology is full of surprise genes whose effects on our favorite biology would not be predicted and which will be identified only through phenotype screening.
KW  - animal models
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic polymorphism
KW  - genome analysis
KW  - genomes
KW  - laboratory animals
KW  - mutations
KW  - phenotypes
KW  - mammals
KW  - mice
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043092097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/133/12/4269
UR  - email: johnsondk@ornl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Benchmark studies of the effectiveness of structural and internal materials as radiation shielding for the International Space Station.
AU  - Miller, J.
AU  - Zeitlin, C.
AU  - Cucinotta, F. A.
AU  - Heilbronn, L.
AU  - Stephens, D.
AU  - Wilson, J. W.
JO  - Radiation Research
JF  - Radiation Research
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 159
IS  - 3
SP  - 381
EP  - 390
CY  - Great Falls; USA
PB  - Radiation Research Society
SN  - 0033-7587
AD  - Miller, J.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043166956.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 7429-90-5, 9002-88-4.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Accelerator-based measurements and model calculations have been used to study the heavy-ion radiation transport properties of materials in use on the International Space Station (ISS). Samples of the ISS aluminium outer hull were augmented with various configurations of internal wall material and polyethylene. The materials were bombarded with high-energy iron ions characteristic of a significant part of the galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) heavy-ion spectrum. Transmitted primary ions and charged fragments produced in nuclear collisions in the materials were measured near the beam axis, and a model was used to extrapolate from the data to lower beam energies and to a lighter ion. For the materials and ions studied, at incident particle energies from 1037 MeV/nucleon down to at least 600 MeV/nucleon, nuclear fragmentation reduces the average dose and dose equivalent per incident ion. At energies below 400 MeV/nucleon, the calculation predicts that as material is added, increased ionization energy loss produces increases in some dosimetric quantities. These limited results suggest that the addition of modest amounts of polyethylene or similar material to the interior of the ISS will reduce the dose to ISS crews from space radiation; however, the radiation transport properties of ISS materials should be evaluated with a realistic space radiation field.
KW  - aluminium
KW  - building materials
KW  - exposure
KW  - ionizing radiation
KW  - ions
KW  - polyethylene
KW  - radiation protection
KW  - work places
KW  - aluminum
KW  - polythene
KW  - space station
KW  - Occupational Health and Safety (VV900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043166956&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.bioone.org/bioone/?request=get-abstract&issn=0033-7587&volume=159&issue=03&page=0381
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The genome sequence of Yersinia pestis bacteriophage φA1122 reveals an intimate history with the coliphage T3 and T7 genomes.
AU  - Garcia, E.
AU  - Elliott, J. M.
AU  - Ramanculov, E.
AU  - Chain, P. S. G.
AU  - Chu, M. C.
AU  - Molineux, I. J.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 185
IS  - 17
SP  - 5248
EP  - 5262
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0021-9193
AD  - Garcia, E.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033150166.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 74 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health; Tropical Diseases; Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - The genome sequence of bacteriophage φA1122 has been determined. φA1122 grows on almost all isolates of Yersinia pestis and is used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a diagnostic agent for the causative agent of plague. φA1122 is very closely related to coliphage T7; the two genomes are colinear, and the genome-wide level of nucleotide identity is about 89%. However, a quarter of the φA1122 genome, one that includes about half of the morphogenetic and maturation functions, is significantly more closely related to coliphage T3 than to T7. It is proposed that the yersiniophage φA1122 recombined with a close relative of the Y. enterocolitica phage φYeO3-12 to yield progeny phages, one of which became the classic T3 coliphage of Demerec and Fano (M. Demerec and U. Fano, Genetics 30:119-136, 1945).
KW  - aetiology
KW  - bacterial diseases
KW  - bacteriophages
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - genomes
KW  - human diseases
KW  - nucleotides
KW  - plague
KW  - progeny
KW  - Yersinia enterocolitica
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - viruses
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterial infections
KW  - bacterioses
KW  - bacterium
KW  - causal agents
KW  - coliphage
KW  - etiology
KW  - phages
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Genetics (Wild Animals) (YY300) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033150166&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: mcc4@cdc.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multi-endpoint biological monitoring of phosphine workers.
AU  - Tucker, J. D.
AU  - Moore, D. H., II
AU  - Ramsey, M. J.
AU  - Kato, P.
AU  - Langlois, R. G.
AU  - Burroughs, B.
AU  - Long, L.
AU  - Garry, V. F.
JO  - Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 536
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 7
EP  - 14
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science B.V.
SN  - 1383-5718
AD  - Tucker, J. D.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, P.O. Box 808, L-448 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20033082506.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 20 ref. Registry Number: 7803-51-2.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology; Public Health
N2  - The pesticide phosphine (PH3) is a suspected carcinogen and a known clastogen which has been shown to produce chromosome damage in agricultural workers. To confirm and extend these results we evaluated 22 phosphine appliers from Minnesota, USA, and 26 controls matched for age and smoking status. Two independent methods were used to evaluate exposure: fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with whole-chromosome paints of chromosomes 1, 2, and 4 labelled in a single colour to quantify translocations in peripheral lymphocytes, and the glycophorin A (GPA) assay to quantify phenotypically mutant (NØ or NN) erythrocytes. No differences in the frequency of translocations were found in the phosphine appliers compared to the controls, and no effect of cigarette smoking was observed. However, a significant increase in the frequency of translocations with age (P<0.0001) was seen. No effect of phosphine exposure or cigarette smoking was observed in the GPA assay. These results are in contrast to previous findings from this same population which showed an increase in chromosome aberrations among phosphine appliers. These results are most easily interpreted as supporting the effectiveness of the personal protective equipment that is now worn by the workers but which was not employed prior to and during the earlier studies.
KW  - carcinogenesis
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - chromosome aberrations
KW  - chromosome translocation
KW  - farm workers
KW  - fumigant insecticides
KW  - human diseases
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - occupational hazards
KW  - occupational health
KW  - phosphine
KW  - tobacco smoking
KW  - Minnesota
KW  - USA
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Lake States of USA
KW  - North Central States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - West North Central States of USA
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - chromosome abnormalities
KW  - interchange
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Pesticide and Drug Residues and Ecotoxicology (HH430) (New March 2000)
KW  - Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine (VV080) (New June 2002)
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Occupational Health and Safety (VV900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033082506&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: jtucker@biology.biosci.wayne.edu
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Proof-of-principle to measure potassium in the human brain: a feasibility study.
AU  - Wielopolski, L.
AU  - Ramirez, L. M.
AU  - Coyle, P. K.
AU  - Wang, Z. M.
AU  - Heymsfield, S. B.
JO  - International Journal of Body Composition Research
JF  - International Journal of Body Composition Research
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
SP  - 37
EP  - 43
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Smith-Gordon Co. Ltd
SN  - 1479-456X
AD  - Wielopolski, L.: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 490D, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043101490.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 20 ref. Registry Number: 7440-09-7.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Public Health
N2  - We describe the results of a proof-of-principle to measure the potassium content in the human brain using the natural radioisotope 40K that is in equilibrium with the stable isotopes of potassium, 39K and 41K. A fixed relationship exists between radioactive potassium and the total potassium in the brain, which in turn reflects the brain's cell mass and intracellular water compartment. Accordingly, we explored whether measurements of brain potassium could serve as possible indicators of intracellular cerebral oedema. We designed, built, and then calibrated our system using a spherical phantom containing KCl salt dissolved in water at levels comparable to those in the human brain. Emitted radiation was detected using sodium iodide (NaI) and high-purity germanium (HP-Ge) detectors. Our results with phantoms and with five volunteers demonstrate the feasibility of measuring potassium at the levels normally present in human brain tissue. We plan to extend the system to detect the onset of brain oedema in patients with multiple sclerosis.
KW  - brain
KW  - diagnostic techniques
KW  - human diseases
KW  - methodology
KW  - multiple sclerosis
KW  - oedema
KW  - potassium
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - edema
KW  - methods
KW  - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) 
KW  - Diagnosis of Human Disease (VV720) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043101490&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: lwielo@bnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Conservation and evolution of cis-regulatory systems in ascomycete fungi.
AU  - Gasch, A. P.
AU  - Moses, A. M.
AU  - Chiang, D. Y.
AU  - Fraser, H. B.
AU  - Berardini, M.
AU  - Eisen, M. B.
JO  - PLoS Biology
JF  - PLoS Biology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 2
IS  - 12
SP  - 20398
EP  - 20398
CY  - San Francisco; USA
PB  - Public Library of Sciences (PLoS)
SN  - 1544-9173
AD  - Gasch, A. P.: Genome Sciences Department, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20073041271.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: many ref. Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Mycology
N2  - Relatively little is known about the mechanisms by which gene expression regulation evolves. To investigate this, we systematically explored the conservation of regulatory networks in fungi by examining the cis-regulatory elements that govern the expression of coregulated genes. We first identified groups of coregulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes enriched for genes with known upstream or downstream cis-regulatory sequences. As many of these gene groups are coregulated in related species as well, we performed similar analyses on orthologues of coregulated S. cerevisiae genes in 13 other ascomycete species. Many species-specific gene groups were enriched for the same flanking regulatory sequences as those found in the orthologous gene groups from S. cerevisiae, indicating that those regulatory systems have been conserved in multiple ascomycete species. In addition to these clear cases of regulatory conservation, we found examples of cis-element evolution that suggest multiple modes of regulatory diversification, including alterations in transcription factor-binding specificity, incorporation of new gene targets into an existing regulatory system, and cooption of regulatory systems to control a different set of genes. We investigated one example in greater detail by measuring the in vitro activity of the S. cerevisiae transcription factor Rpn4p and its orthologues from Candida albicans and Neurospora crassa. Our results suggest that the DNA binding specificity of these proteins has coevolved with the sequences found upstream of the Rpn4p target genes, and suggest that Rpn4p has a different function in N. crassa.
KW  - DNA binding proteins
KW  - evolution
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - regulatory sequences
KW  - transcription
KW  - transcription factors
KW  - Candida albicans
KW  - Neurospora crassa
KW  - Pezizomycotina
KW  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
KW  - Saccharomycetaceae
KW  - Pezizomycotina
KW  - Ascomycota
KW  - fungi
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Candida
KW  - Saccharomycetales
KW  - Saccharomycetes
KW  - Saccharomycotina
KW  - Neurospora
KW  - Sordariaceae
KW  - Sordariales
KW  - Sordariomycetes
KW  - Saccharomyces
KW  - Saccharomycetaceae
KW  - Ascomycotina
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - DNA transcription
KW  - fungus
KW  - Hyphomycetes
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20073041271&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://biology.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0020398
UR  - email: agasch@wisc.edu\mbeisen@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Discrete element modeling applied to laboratory simulation of near-wellbore mechanics.
AU  - Cook, B. K.
AU  - Lee, M. Y.
AU  - DiGiovanni, A. A.
AU  - Bronowski, D. R.
AU  - Perkins, E. D.
AU  - Williams, J. R.
JO  - International Journal of Geomechanics
JF  - International Journal of Geomechanics
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
SP  - 19
EP  - 27
CY  - Reston; USA
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 1532-3641
AD  - Cook, B. K.: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0576, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043215652.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - Simulation results of near-wellbore failure phenomena are presented from a joint experimental-numerical study directed at developing a robust numerical simulation capability for the exploration and prediction of near-wellbore mechanics. An experimental procedure was developed for the laboratory simulation of slurry injection. A true-triaxial vessel, which applied realistic, three-dimensional stress conditions, was used to perform slurry injection into Berea sandstone. Under anisotropic horizontal stress conditions, vertical hydraulic fractures initiated and propagated in the direction of the maximum horizontal stress. Under isotropic horizontal stress conditions, multiple vertical fractures were induced and propagated in random orientation. A computationally efficient numerical model based on the discrete element method (DEM) is described and applied to simulate various wellbore phenomena. Radially graded, two-dimensional DEM models of the near-wellbore region were created of bonded disk elements. Source DEM elements were used to simulate fluid pressurization of the model borehole. The structural damage in the DEM models was analysed using histograms of the angular distribution of bond damage. Results obtained for various stress states showed qualitative reproduction of the gross failure mechanisms associated with both hydraulic fracturing and borehole breakout.
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - sandstone
KW  - simulation models
KW  - slurries
KW  - Ohio
KW  - USA
KW  - Corn Belt States of USA
KW  - North Central States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - East North Central States of USA
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy (JJ200) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043215652&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://ascelibrary.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=IJGNAI000004000001000019000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=Yes
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Using DNA microarrays to detect multiple pathogen threats in water.
AU  - Straub, T. M.
AU  - Quinonez-Diaz, M. D.
AU  - Valdez, C. O.
AU  - Call, D. R.
AU  - Chandler, D. P.
JO  - Water Science and Technology: Water Supply
JF  - Water Science and Technology: Water Supply
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
SP  - 107
EP  - 114
CY  - London; UK
PB  - IWA Publishing
AD  - Straub, T. M.: Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20053021258.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Protozoology; Soils & Fertilizers
N2  - We present four studies that illustrate the use of DNA microarrays for the detection and subsequent genotyping of waterborne pathogens. A genotyping array targeting four virulence factor genes in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) was tested. The arrays were clearly able to differentiate between E. coli O157:H7 genotypes and E. coli O91:H2. Non-pathogenic E. coli and non-target organisms were not detected on this array. In the second study, an hsp70 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array for specific Cryptosporidium parvum detection was constructed to differentiate between principle genotypes. SNPs, and hence differences between genotypes, were easily detected on this type of array. In the third study an array for Helicobacter pylori was tested for simultaneous SNP discrimination and presence or absence of virulence factor genes. Results from this study showed that both SNP discrimination for some conserved genes, and the presence or absence of virulence factor genes was possible. In the fourth study, multiplexing was achieved by direct hybridization and detection of mRNA to the array. For highly expressed genes, visible signal was detected at 312.5 ng of total RNA, indicating that these new methods may have sufficient environmental sensitivity without the need to perform PCR.
KW  - detection
KW  - DNA
KW  - genotypes
KW  - hybridization
KW  - pathogens
KW  - virulence
KW  - water microbiology
KW  - water quality
KW  - Cryptosporidium parvum
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Helicobacter pylori
KW  - Cryptosporidium
KW  - Cryptosporidiidae
KW  - Eucoccidiorida
KW  - Apicomplexa
KW  - Protozoa
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - Helicobacter
KW  - Helicobacteraceae
KW  - Campylobacterales
KW  - Epsilonproteobacteria
KW  - bacterium
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - E. coli
KW  - microarrays
KW  - water composition and quality
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20053021258&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iwaponline.com/ws/00402/ws004020107.htm
UR  - email: timothy.straub@pnl.gov\maria.quinonez-diaz@pnl.gov\catherine.valdez@pnl.gov\drcall@wsu.edu\dchandler@anl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identification and characterization of a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae putative toxin-antitoxin locus.
AU  - Daines, D. A.
AU  - Jarisch, J.
AU  - Smith, A. L.
JO  - BMC Microbiology
JF  - BMC Microbiology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 4
IS  - 30
SP  - (26 July 2004)
EP  - (26 July 2004)
CY  - London; UK
PB  - BioMed Central Ltd
SN  - 1471-2180
AD  - Daines, D. A.: Nonproliferation, Arms Control, and International Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-501, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550-9698, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043155150.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 29 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Background: Certain strains of an obligate parasite of the human upper respiratory tract, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), can cause invasive diseases such as septicemia and meningitis, as well as chronic mucosal infections such as otitis media. To do this, the organism must invade and survive within both epithelial and endothelial cells. We have identified a facilitator of NTHi survival inside human cells, virulence-associated protein D (vapDHi, encoded by gene HI0450). Both vapDHi and a flanking gene, HI0451, exhibit the genetic and physical characteristics of a toxin/antitoxin (TA) locus, with VapDHi serving as the toxin moiety and HI0451 as the antitoxin. We propose the name VapXHi for the HI0451 antitoxin protein. Originally identified on plasmids, TA loci have been found on the chromosomes of a number of bacterial pathogens, and have been implicated in the control of translation during stressful conditions. Translation arrest would enhance survival within human cells and facilitate persistent or chronic mucosal infections. Results: Isogenic mutants in vapDHi were attenuated for survival inside human respiratory epithelial cells (NCI-H292) and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC), the in vitro models of mucosal infection and the blood-brain barrier, respectively. Transcomplementation with a vapDHi allele restored wild-type NTHi survival within both cell lines. A PCR survey of 59 H. influenzae strains isolated from various anatomical sites determined the presence of a vapDHi allele in 100% of strains. Two isoforms of the gene were identified in this population; one that was 91 residues in length, and another that was truncated to 45 amino acids due to an in-frame deletion. The truncated allele failed to transcomplement the NTHi vapDHi survival defect in HBMEC. Subunits of full-length VapDHi homodimerized, but subunits of the truncated protein did not. However, truncated protein subunits did interact with full-length subunits, and this interaction resulted in a dominant-negative phenotype. Although Escherichia coli does not contain a homologue of either vapDHi or vapXHi, overexpression of the VapDHi toxin in trans resulted in E. coli cell growth arrest. This arrest could be rescued by providing the VapXHi antitoxin on a compatible plasmid. Conclusion: We conclude that vapDHi and vapXHi may constitute a H. influenzae TA locus that functions to enhance NTHi survival within human epithelial and endothelial cells.
KW  - alleles
KW  - amino acids
KW  - antitoxins
KW  - bacterial diseases
KW  - cell lines
KW  - cells
KW  - chromosomes
KW  - loci
KW  - phenotypes
KW  - strains
KW  - survival
KW  - toxins
KW  - Haemophilus influenzae
KW  - Haemophilus
KW  - Pasteurellaceae
KW  - Pasteurellales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterial infections
KW  - bacterioses
KW  - bacterium
KW  - endothelial cells
KW  - epithelial cells
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Toxinology (VV820) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043155150&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/4/30/abstract
UR  - email: daines2@llnl.gov\Justin.Jarisch@sbri.org\Arnold.Smith@sbri.org
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Model parameters and outbreak control for SARS.
AU  - Chowell, G.
AU  - Castillo-Chavez, C.
AU  - Fenimore, P. W.
AU  - Kribs-Zaleta, C. M.
AU  - Arriola, L.
AU  - Hyman, J. M.
JO  - Emerging Infectious Diseases
JF  - Emerging Infectious Diseases
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 10
IS  - 7
SP  - 1258
EP  - 1263
CY  - Atlanta; USA
PB  - National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
SN  - 1080-6040
AD  - Chowell, G.: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043121037.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 17 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Control of the 2002-03 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak was based on rapid diagnosis coupled with effective patient isolation. We used uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the basic reproductive number R0 to assess the role that model parameters play in outbreak control. The transmission rate and isolation effectiveness have the largest fractional effect on R0. We estimated the distribution of the reproductive number R0 under perfect isolation conditions. The distribution lies in the interquartile range 0.19-1.08, with a median of 0.49. Even though the median of R0 is <1, we found that 25% of our R0 distribution lies at R0>1, even with perfect isolation. This implies the need to simultaneously apply more than one method of control.
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - disease control
KW  - disease models
KW  - disease transmission
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - human coronaviruses
KW  - human diseases
KW  - outbreaks
KW  - respiratory diseases
KW  - severe acute respiratory syndrome
KW  - viral diseases
KW  - man
KW  - Coronavirus
KW  - Coronaviridae
KW  - Nidovirales
KW  - positive-sense ssRNA viruses
KW  - ssRNA viruses
KW  - RNA viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - human coronavirus
KW  - lung diseases
KW  - SARS
KW  - SARS coronavirus
KW  - viral infections
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Diagnosis of Human Disease (VV720) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043121037&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: gc82@cornell.edu
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tracking global patterns of N-linked glycosylation site variation in highly variable viral glycoproteins: HIV, SIV, and HCV envelopes and influenza hemagglutinin.
AU  - Zhang, M.
AU  - Gaschen, B.
AU  - Blay, W.
AU  - Foley, B.
AU  - Haigwood, N.
AU  - Kuiken, C.
AU  - Korber, B.
JO  - Glycobiology
JF  - Glycobiology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 14
IS  - 12
SP  - 1229
EP  - 1246
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Oxford University Press
SN  - 0959-6658
AD  - Zhang, M.: Theoretical Biology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043198208.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Public Health; Veterinary Science; Veterinary Science
N2  - Human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV), influenza virus, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have heavily glycosylated, highly variable surface proteins. Here we explore N-linked glycosylation site (sequon) variation at the population level in these viruses, using a new Web-based program developed to facilitate the sequon tracking and to define patterns (www.hiv.lanl.gov). This tool allowed rapid visualization of the two distinctive patterns of sequon variation found in HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV CPZ. The first pattern (fixed) describes readily aligned sites that are either simply present or absent. These sites tend to be occupied by high-mannose glycans. The second pattern (shifting) refers to sites embedded in regions of extreme local length variation and is characterized by shifts in terms of the relative position and local density of sequons; these sites tend to be populated by complex carbohydrates. HIV, with its extreme variation in number and precise location of sequons, does not have a net increase in the number of sites over time at the population level. Primate lentiviral lineages have host species-dependent levels of sequon shifting, with HIV-1 in humans the most extreme. HCV E1 and E2 proteins, despite evolving extremely rapidly through point mutation, show limited sequon variation, although two shifting sites were identified. Human influenza A hemagglutinin H3 HA1 is accumulating sequons over time, but this trend is not evident in any other avian or human influenza A serotypes.
KW  - envelope glycoproteins
KW  - haemagglutinins
KW  - influenza viruses
KW  - mutations
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - viral proteins
KW  - hepatitis C virus
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 2
KW  - simian immunodeficiency virus
KW  - Hepacivirus
KW  - Flaviviridae
KW  - positive-sense ssRNA viruses
KW  - ssRNA viruses
KW  - RNA viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - Orthomyxoviridae
KW  - negative-sense ssRNA viruses
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - hemagglutinins
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 2
KW  - Influenzavirus
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Animals (LL821) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043198208&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://glycob.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/14/12/1229
UR  - email: btk@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of aging on brain metabolism in antiretroviral-naive HIV patients.
AU  - Ernst, T.
AU  - Chang, L.
A2  - Stoff, D. A.
A2  - Khalsa, J.
A2  - Monjan, A.
A2  - Portegies, P.
T3  - HIV/AIDS and Aging
JO  - AIDS
JF  - AIDS
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 18
IS  - Suppl.1
SP  - S61
EP  - S67
CY  - Hagerstown; USA
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
SN  - 0269-9370
AD  - Ernst, T.: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 490, Upton, New York, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043040266.  Publication Type: Journal Article; Conference paper.  Note: HIV/AIDS and Aging Language: English.  Number of References: 41 ref. Registry Number: 62-49-7, 57-00-1.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Objective: Normal aging as well as HIV infection may lead to inflammatory changes and injury to the brain; however, it is unclear if and how these processes interact. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate the interaction between aging and HIV infection in the brain using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Design: Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed to determine the effects of HIV and age, and their interaction, on MRS variables. Methods: Forty-six HIV patients naive to antiretroviral medications and 58 seronegative control subjects were examined using localized 1H-MRS in the frontal gray matter, frontal white matter and basal ganglia, and metabolite concentrations were determined. Results: Compared with seronegative controls, HIV-positive subjects showed additional and marked increases in the concentration of glial markers, choline-containing compounds (seronegative controls +2%/decade; HIV-positive subjects +10%/decade) and myoinositol (seronegative controls +3%/decade; HIV-positive subjects +12%/decade), with aging in the frontal white matter. In the basal ganglia, N-acetyl compounds and total creatine decreased with age only in HIV patients (N-acetyl compounds -3.7%/decade; creatine -4%/decade). ANCOVA showed significant interaction effects between HIV and aging on the metabolites in the basal ganglia (N-acetyl peak P=0.03; creatine P=0.04) and in the frontal white matter (interaction: choline-containing compounds P=0.002; myoinositol P=0.007). Conclusion: In the basal ganglia, HIV infection appeared to induce neuronal damage or loss beyond that observed in normal aging. In the frontal white matter, HIV infection seemed to exacerbate glial activation beyond that observed in normal aging.
KW  - aging
KW  - brain
KW  - choline
KW  - creatine
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - metabolism
KW  - USA
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - ageing
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043040266&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: ternst@bnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Virulence signatures: microarray-based approaches to discovery and analysis.
AU  - Pannucci, J.
AU  - Cai, H.
AU  - Pardington, P. E.
AU  - Williams, E.
AU  - Okinaka, R. T.
AU  - Kuske, C. R.
AU  - Cary, R. B.
T3  - Special Issue: Microarrays for Biodefense and Environmental Applications
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
SP  - 706
EP  - 718
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd
SN  - 0956-5663
AD  - Pannucci, J.: Bioscience Division, M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043200621.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Note: Special Issue: Microarrays for Biodefense and Environmental Applications Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection of biothreat agents requires a broad-spectrum assay capable of discriminating between closely related microbial or viral pathogens. Moreover, in cases where a biological agent release has been identified, forensic analysis demands detailed genetic signature data for accurate strain identification and attribution. To date, nucleic acid sequences have provided the most robust and phylogentically illuminating signature information. Nucleic acid signature sequences are not often linked to genomic or extrachromosomal determinants of virulence, a link that would further facilitate discrimination between pathogens and closely related species. Inextricably coupling genetic determinants of virulence with highly informative nucleic acid signatures would provide a robust means of identifying human, livestock, and agricultural pathogens. By means of example, we present here an overview of two general applications of microarray-based methods for: (1) the identification of candidate virulence factors; and (2) the analysis of genetic polymorphisms that are coupled to Bacillus anthracis virulence factors using an accurate, low cost solid-phase mini-sequencing assay. We show that microarray-based analysis of gene expression can identify potential virulence associated genes for use as candidate signature targets, and, further, that microarray-based single nucleotide polymorphism assays provide a robust platform for the detection and identification of signature sequences in a manner independent of the genetic background in which the signature is embedded. We discuss the strategy as a general approach or pipeline for the discovery of virulence-linked nucleic acid signatures for biothreat agents.
KW  - amino acid sequences
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - assays
KW  - detection
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic polymorphism
KW  - genetics
KW  - genomes
KW  - nucleic acids
KW  - pathogens
KW  - single nucleotide polymorphism
KW  - strains
KW  - virulence
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - bacterium
KW  - microarrays
KW  - protein sequences
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043200621&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TFC-4CG2JMP-1&_user=10&_handle=B-WA-A-W-BU-MsSAYVA-UUW-AAUVYWWWBE-AAUWVUBUBE-DEUEWDZEU-BU-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=11%2F01%2F2004&_rdoc=5&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%235223%232004%23999799995%23526154!&_cdi=5223&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=fa672d27377cdde94b655963dba23a89
UR  - email: rbcary@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quantitative oligonucleotide microarray fingerprinting of Salmonella enterica isolates.
AU  - Willse, A.
AU  - Straub, T. M.
AU  - Wunschel, S. C.
AU  - Small, J. A.
AU  - Call, D. R.
AU  - Daly, D. S.
AU  - Chandler, D. P.
JO  - Nucleic Acids Research
JF  - Nucleic Acids Research
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
SP  - 1848
EP  - 1856
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Oxford University Press
SN  - 0305-1048
AD  - Willse, A.: Statistics and Quantitative Sciences Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043064928.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 27 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - We report on a genome-independent microbial fingerprinting method using nucleic acid microarrays for microbial forensics and epidemiology applications and demonstrate that the microarray method provides high resolution differentiation between closely related microorganisms, using Salmonella enterica strains as the test case. In replicate trials we used a simple 192 probe nonamer array to construct a fingerprint library of 25 closely related Salmonella isolates. Controlling false discovery rate for multiple testing at α=0.05, at least 295 of 300 pairs of S. enterica isolate fingerprints were found to be statistically distinct using a modified Hotelling T2 test. Although most pairs of Salmonella fingerprints are found to be distinct, forensic applications will also require a protocol for library construction and reliable microbial classification against a fingerprint library. We outline additional steps required to produce such a protocol.
KW  - DNA fingerprinting
KW  - food contamination
KW  - methodology
KW  - microbial contamination
KW  - Salmonella
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - food contaminants
KW  - methods
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043064928&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: dchandler@anl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Non-invasive characterization of fluid foodstuffs based on ultrasonic measurements.
AU  - Bamberger, J. A.
AU  - Greenwood, M. S.
JO  - Food Research International
JF  - Food Research International
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 37
IS  - 6
SP  - 621
EP  - 625
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd
SN  - 0963-9969
AD  - Bamberger, J. A.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K7-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043103666.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 8 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - The food industry can benefit from a highly sensitive, non-invasive, self-calibrating, on-line sensor for characterizing liquid or slurry in process vessels during mixing, settling, stationary, or flowing conditions by measuring the reflections at the fluid-sensor interface, sound speed, and attenuation of ultrasound to determine the fluid density and solids concentration. The sensor system was developed by staff at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The sensor transducers are mounted directly on the stainless steel wall and the pipeline wall becomes part of the measurement system. Multiple reflections within the stainless steel wall are used to determine the acoustic impedance of the liquid, where the acoustic impedance is defined as the product of the density and the speed of sound. The probe becomes self-calibrating because variations in the pulser voltage do not affect the measurements. By basing the measurement upon multiple reflections, the sensitivity of the measurement is significantly increased.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - foods
KW  - physicochemical properties
KW  - sensors
KW  - ultrasonics
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - Processing Equipment and Technology (NN600) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043103666&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: judith.bamberger@pnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Electricity price and Southern California's water supply options.
AU  - Dale, L.
JO  - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
SP  - 337
EP  - 350
CY  - Oxford; UK
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd
SN  - 0921-3449
AD  - Dale, L.: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Camilla Dunham Whitehead, Andre Fargeix, Golden Gate Economics, 1 Cycltron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043194805.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Irrigation & Drainage; World Agriculture, Economics & Rural Sociology
N2  - This paper evaluates the impact of fluctuating electricity prices on the cost of five options to increase the water supply to urban areas in Southern California - new surface storage, water purchases, desalination, wastewater recycling, and conservation. We show that the price of electricity required to produce and transport water influences the cost of water supply options and may alter the decision makers economic ranking of these options. When electricity prices are low, water purchase is the cost effective option. When prices exceed US$ 86/MWh, conservation of electricity and water through installation of high efficiency clothes washers is the most effective option.
KW  - costs
KW  - desalination
KW  - electricity
KW  - energy conservation
KW  - prices
KW  - recycling
KW  - urban areas
KW  - wastewater
KW  - wastewater treatment
KW  - water conservation
KW  - water management
KW  - water resources
KW  - water supply
KW  - water treatment
KW  - California
KW  - USA
KW  - Pacific States of USA
KW  - Western States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - costings
KW  - desalinization
KW  - United States of America
KW  - waste water
KW  - waste water treatment
KW  - waste-water treatment
KW  - water resource management
KW  - water supplies
KW  - Natural Resource Economics (EE115) (New March 2000)
KW  - Supply, Demand and Prices (EE130) 
KW  - Energy (PP100) 
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Erosion; Soil and Water Conservation (PP400) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043194805&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VDX-4CYNPRB-1&_user=10&_handle=B-WA-A-W-E-MsSAYZA-UUW-AAUVBEWDEC-AAUAEDBCEC-DDYBDDUWB-E-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2004&_rdoc=3&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%235994%232004%23999579995%23522279!&_cdi=5994&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=2cd9104a8fef4cab8614375922130219
UR  - email: lldale@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Performance assessment of DNA fragment sizing by high-sensitivity flow cytometry and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
AU  - Ferris, M. M.
AU  - Yan, X. M.
AU  - Habbersett, R. C.
AU  - Shou, Y. L.
AU  - Lemanski, C. L.
AU  - Jett, J. H.
AU  - Yoshida, T. M.
AU  - Marrone, B. L.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 42
IS  - 5
SP  - 1965
EP  - 1976
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0095-1137
AD  - Ferris, M. M.: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20053099686.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 51 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - The sizing of restriction fragments is the chief analytical technique utilized in the production of DNA fingerprints. Few techniques have been able to compete with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which is capable of discriminating among bacteria at species and strain levels by resolving restriction fragments. However, an ultrasensitive flow cytometer (FCM) developed in our lab has also demonstrated the ability to discriminate bacteria at species and strain levels. The abilities of FCM warrant a quantitative parallel comparison with PFGE to assess and evaluate the accuracy and precision of DNA fragment sizing by both techniques. Replicate samples of Staphylococcus aureus Mu50 were analyzed along with two clinical S. aureus isolates. The absolute fragment sizing accuracy was determined for PFGE (5%±2%) and FCM (4%±4%), with sequence-predicted Mu50 SmaI fragment sizes used as a reference. Precision was determined by simple arithmetic methods (relative standard deviation for PFGE [RSDPFGE]=3%±2% and RSDFCM=1.2%±0.8%) as well as by the use of dendrograms derived from Dice coefficient-unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) and Pearson-UPGMA analyses. All quantitative measures of PFGE and FCM precision were equivalent, within error. The precision of both methods was not limited by any single sample preparation or analysis step that was tracked in this study. Additionally, we determined that the curve-based clustering of fingerprint data provided a more informative and useful assessment than did traditional band-based methods.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - DNA
KW  - DNA fingerprinting
KW  - flow cytometry
KW  - pulsed field electrophoresis
KW  - Staphylococcus aureus
KW  - Staphylococcus
KW  - Staphylococcaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - bacterium
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20053099686&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/42/5/1965
UR  - email: blm@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of a peptide adduct formed by N-acetoxy-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), a reactive intermediate of the food carcinogen PhIP.
AU  - Chepanoske, C. L.
AU  - Brown, K.
AU  - Turteltaub, K. W.
AU  - Dingley, K. H.
JO  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food and Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
SP  - 1367
EP  - 1372
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
SN  - 0278-6915
AD  - Chepanoske, C. L.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043119810.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 15 ref. Registry Number: 52-90-4. 
N2  - 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is a member of a class of compounds known as the heterocyclic amines (HCAs) that are formed in meat during cooking. It is a multi-organ carcinogen in rodents forms adducts and with DNA and protein. Although protein adducts are not thought to be involved in cancer development, they may be useful as internal dosimeters of PhIP exposure and bioactivation. Towards the goals of characterizing the adducts formed in humans and the development of an assay for quantitation of adduct levels, we have characterized a peptide adduct formed by the putative genotoxic metabolite, N-acetoxy-PhIP. A model peptide with the internal sequence Leu-Gln-Lys-Cys-Pro-Tyr, which is homologous to a potential target sequence for HCAs in human serum albumin, was reacted with N-acetoxy-PhIP and an adduct was identified and further characterized by LC-ESI-MS/MS. N-acetoxy-PhIP is covalently bound to the peptide via cysteine and the exocyclic amino group of PhIP. Future work is needed to establish if this adduct is formed and is stable in vivo in humans following exposure to PhIP.
KW  - amines
KW  - carcinogens
KW  - cooking
KW  - cysteine
KW  - exposure
KW  - genotoxicity
KW  - meat
KW  - peptides
KW  - pyridines
KW  - serum albumin
KW  - 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine
KW  - adducts
KW  - bioactivation
KW  - heterocyclic amines
KW  - N-acetoxy-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine
KW  - Meat Produce (QQ030) 
KW  - Food Processing (General) (QQ100) 
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043119810&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: dingley1@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Use of 16S rRNA, 23S rRNA, and gyrB gene sequence analysis to determine phylogenetic relationships of Bacillus cereus group microorganisms.
AU  - Bavykin, S. G.
AU  - Lysov, Y. P.
AU  - Zakhariev, V.
AU  - Kelly, J. J.
AU  - Jackman, J.
AU  - Stahl, D. A.
AU  - Cherni, A.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
SP  - 3711
EP  - 3730
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0095-1137
AD  - Bavykin, S. G.: BioChip Technology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20063147668.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 58 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - In order to determine if variations in rRNA sequence could be used for discrimination of the members of the Bacillus cereus group, we analyzed 183 16S rRNA and 74 23S rRNA sequences for all species in the B. cereus group. We also analyzed 30 gyrB sequences for B. cereus group strains with published 16S rRNA sequences. Our findings indicated that the three most common species of the B. cereus group, B. cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Bacillus mycoides, were each heterogeneous in all three gene sequences, while all analyzed strains of Bacillus anthracis were found to be homogeneous. Based on analysis of 16S and 23S rRNA sequence variations, the microorganisms within the B. cereus group were divided into seven subgroups, Anthracis, Cereus A and B, Thuringiensis A and B, and Mycoides A and B, and these seven subgroups were further organized into two distinct clusters. This classification of the B. cereus group conflicts with current taxonomic groupings, which are based on phenotypic traits. The presence of B. cereus strains in six of the seven subgroups and the presence of B. thuringiensis strains in three of the subgroups do not support the proposed unification of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis into one species. Analysis of the available phenotypic data for the strains included in this study revealed phenotypic traits that may be characteristic of several of the subgroups. Finally, our results demonstrated that rRNA and gyrB sequences may be used for discriminating B. anthracis from other microorganisms in the B. cereus group.
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - phenotypes
KW  - phylogeny
KW  - ribosomal RNA
KW  - strains
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bacillus cereus
KW  - Bacillus mycoides
KW  - Bacillus thuringiensis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - genetic variability
KW  - genotypic variability
KW  - genotypic variation
KW  - rRNA
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20063147668&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/42/8/3711
UR  - email: sbavykin@anl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sequencing needs for viral diagnostics.
AU  - Gardner, S. N.
AU  - Lam, M. W.
AU  - Mulakken, N. J.
AU  - Torres, C. L.
AU  - Smith, J. R.
AU  - Slezak, T. R.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 42
IS  - 12
SP  - 5472
EP  - 5476
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0095-1137
AD  - Gardner, S. N.: Computations, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-174, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20053100333.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 1 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - We built a system to guide decisions regarding the amount of genomic sequencing required to develop diagnostic DNA signatures, which are short sequences that are sufficient to uniquely identify a viral species. We used our existing DNA diagnostic signature prediction pipeline, which selects regions of a target species genome that are conserved among strains of the target (for reliability, to prevent false negatives) and unique relative to other species (for specificity, to avoid false positives). We performed simulations, based on existing sequence data, to assess the number of genome sequences of a target species and of close phylogenetic relatives (near neighbors) that are required to predict diagnostic signature regions that are conserved among strains of the target species and unique relative to other bacterial and viral species. For DNA viruses such as variola (smallpox), three target genomes provide sufficient guidance for selecting species-wide signatures. Three near-neighbor genomes are critical for species specificity. In contrast, most RNA viruses require four target genomes and no near-neighbor genomes, since lack of conservation among strains is more limiting than uniqueness. Severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola Zaire are exceptional, as additional target genomes currently do not improve predictions, but near-neighbor sequences are urgently needed. Our results also indicate that double-stranded DNA viruses are more conserved among strains than are RNA viruses, since in most cases there was at least one conserved signature candidate for the DNA viruses and zero conserved signature candidates for the RNA viruses.
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - DNA
KW  - genomes
KW  - nucleotide sequences
KW  - phylogenetics
KW  - viruses
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - DNA sequences
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Diagnosis of Human Disease (VV720) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20053100333&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/42/12/5472
UR  - email: gardner26@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of vegetable oils: detailed compositional fingerprints derived from electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.
AU  - Wu, Z. G.
AU  - Rodgers, R. P.
AU  - Marshall, A. G.
JO  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 52
IS  - 17
SP  - 5322
EP  - 5328
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Chemical Society
SN  - 0021-8561
AD  - Wu, Z. G.: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20063033692.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 8001-22-7.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Soyabeans
N2  - Adulteration of vegetable oil is of concern for both commercial and health reasons. Compositional based fingerprints can potentially reveal both the oil source and its possible adulteration. Here, electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) resolves and identifies literally thousands of distinct chemical components of commercial canola, olive, and soybean oils, without extraction or other wet chemical separation pretreatment. In negative-ion ESI FT-ICR MS, the acidic components of soybean oil are easily distinguished from those of canola and olive oil based on relative abundances of C18 fatty acids, whereas olive oil differs from canola and soybean oil based on relative abundances of tocopherols. In positive-ion ESI FT-ICR MS, the three oils are readily distinguished according to the relative abundances of di- and triacylglycerols with various numbers of double bonds in the fatty acid chains. We demonstrate the detection of soybean oil as an adulterant of olive oil, based on relative abundances of members of each of several chemical families. We suggest that the detailed chemical compositions of vegetable oils can be used to characterize them and to detect and identify adulterants.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - chemical composition
KW  - chemical precipitation
KW  - chemical properties
KW  - fatty acids
KW  - food contamination
KW  - mass spectrometers
KW  - olive oil
KW  - plant oils
KW  - rapeseed oil
KW  - soyabean oil
KW  - tocopherols
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - food contaminants
KW  - soybean oil
KW  - vegetable oils
KW  - Crop Produce (QQ050) 
KW  - Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20063033692&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jafcau/2004/52/i17/abs/jf049596q.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Plasma clearance of human low-density lipoprotein in human apolipoprotein B transgenic mice is related to particle diameter.
AU  - Berneis, K.
AU  - Shames, D. M.
AU  - Blanche, P. J.
AU  - Belle, M. la
AU  - Rizzo, M.
AU  - Krauss, R. M.
JO  - Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental
JF  - Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
SP  - 483
EP  - 487
CY  - Philadelphia; USA
PB  - W.B. Saunders
SN  - 0026-0495
AD  - Berneis, K.: Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043062050.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 21 ref. Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition; Agricultural Biotechnology
N2  - To test for intrinsic differences in metabolic properties of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as a function of particle size, we examined the kinetic behaviour of 6 human LDL fractions ranging in size from 251 to 265 Å injected intravenously into human apolipoprotein (apo) B transgenic mice. A multicompartmental model was formulated and fitted to the data by standard nonlinear regression using the Simulation, Analysis and Modelling (SAAM II) program. Smaller sized LDL particles (251 to 257 Å) demonstrated a significantly slower fractional catabolic rate (FCR) (0.050±0.045 h-1) compared with particles of larger size (262 to 265 Å) (0.134±-0.015 h-1, P<0.03), and there was a significant correlation between FCR and the peak LDL diameter of the injected fractions (R2=0.71, P<0.034). The sum of the equilibration parameters, k(2,1) and k(1,2), for smaller LDL (0.255 h-1 and 0.105 h-1, respectively) was significantly smaller than that for larger LDL (0.277 h-1 and 0.248 h-1, respectively; P<0.01), indicative of slower intravascular-extravascular exchange for smaller LDL. Therefore in this mouse model, smaller LDL particles are cleared more slowly from plasma than larger LDL and are exchanged more slowly with the extravascular space. This might be due to compositional or structural features of smaller LDL that lead to retarded clearance.
KW  - animal models
KW  - apolipoproteins
KW  - blood plasma
KW  - laboratory animals
KW  - low density lipoprotein
KW  - particle size
KW  - mice
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - plasma (blood)
KW  - Animal Models of Human Nutrition (VV140) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043062050&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic biotreatment of municipal solid waste.
AU  - Borglin, S. E.
AU  - Hazen, T. C.
AU  - Oldenburg, C. M.
AU  - Zawislanski, P. T.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 54
IS  - 7
SP  - 815
EP  - 822
CY  - Pittsburgh; USA
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 1047-3289
AD  - Borglin, S. E.: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043158074.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 7664-41-7, 124-38-9, 74-82-8. 
N2  - To increase the operating lifetime of landfills and to lower leachate treatment costs, an increasing number of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are being managed as either aerobic or anaerobic bioreactors. Landfill gas composition, respiration rates, and subsidence were measured for 400 days in 200-litre tanks filled with fresh waste materials to compare the relative effectiveness of the two treatments. Tanks were prepared to provide the following conditions: (1) air injection and leachate recirculation (aerobic); (2) leachate recirculation (anaerobic); and (3) no treatment (anaerobic). Respiration tests on the aerobic wet tank showed a steady decrease in oxygen consumption rates from 1.3 mol/day at 20 days to 0.1 mol/day at 400 days. Aerobic wet tanks produced, on average, 6 mol of carbon dioxide (CO2)/kg of MSW as compared with anaerobic wet tanks, which produced 2.2 mol methane/kg of MSW and 2.0 mol CO2/kg methane. Over the test period, the aerobic tanks settled on average 35%, anaerobic tanks settled 21.7%, and the no-treatment tank settled 7.5%, equivalent to overall mass loss in the corresponding reactors. Aerobic tanks reduced stabilization time and produced negligible odour compared with anaerobic tanks, possibly because of the 2 orders of magnitude lower leachate ammonia levels in the aerobic tank. Both treatment regimes provide the opportunity for disposal and remediation of liquid waste.
KW  - aerobic treatment
KW  - ammonia
KW  - anaerobic treatment
KW  - biodegradation
KW  - biological treatment
KW  - bioreactors
KW  - bioremediation
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - gas production
KW  - landfill leachates
KW  - landfills
KW  - methane
KW  - municipal refuse disposal
KW  - oxygen consumption
KW  - refuse
KW  - subsidence
KW  - tanks
KW  - waste management
KW  - waste treatment
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - anaerobic stabilization
KW  - municipal wastes
KW  - storage tanks
KW  - trash
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Engineering and Equipment (General) (NN000) 
KW  - Meteorology and Climate (PP500) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
KW  - Biodegradation (XX700) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043158074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: seborglin@lbl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Adaptation of the attention network in human immunodeficiency virus brain injury.
AU  - Chang, L.
AU  - Tomasi, D.
AU  - Yakupov, R.
AU  - Lozar, C.
AU  - Arnold, S.
AU  - Caparelli, E.
AU  - Ernst, T.
JO  - Annals of Neurology
JF  - Annals of Neurology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 56
IS  - 2
SP  - 259
EP  - 272
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Wiley-Liss, Inc.
SN  - 0364-5134
AD  - Chang, L.: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043185097.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients commonly have attention and concentration problems. However, it remains unclear how HIV infection affects the attention network. Therefore, blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) was performed in 36 subjects (18 HIV and 18 seronegative [SN] controls) during a set of visual attention tasks with increasing levels of attentional load. Compared with SN controls, HIV subjects showed similar task performance (accuracies and reaction times) but decreased activation in the normal visual attention network (dorsal parietal, bilateral prefrontal, and cerebellar regions) and increased activation in adjacent or contralateral brain regions. Cognitive performance (assessed with NPZ-8), CD4, and viral load all correlated with activated BOLD signals in brain regions that activated more in HIV subjects. Furthermore, HIV subjects activated more than SN controls in brain regions that showed load-dependent increase in activation (right prefrontal and right parietal regions) but less in regions that showed a saturation effect with increasing load. These findings suggest that HIV-associated brain injury leads to reduced efficiency in the normal attention network, thus requiring reorganization and increased usage of neural reserves to maintain performance during attention-requiring tasks. Exceeding the brain reserve capacity may lead to attention deficits and cognitive impairment in HIV patients.
KW  - brain
KW  - brain diseases
KW  - CD4+ lymphocytes
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - mental ability
KW  - viral load
KW  - man
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - brain disorders
KW  - CD4+ cells
KW  - cerebrum
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus infections
KW  - intelligence
KW  - T4 lymphocytes
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043185097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/109580882/ABSTRACT
UR  - email: lchang@hawaii.edu
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Crystals of family 11 xylanase II from Trichoderma longibrachiatum that diffract to atomic resolution.
AU  - Moiseeva, N.
AU  - Allaire, M.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography
JF  - Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 60
IS  - 7
SP  - 1275
EP  - 1277
CY  - Copenhagen; Denmark
PB  - Munksgaard International Publishers Ltd
SN  - 0907-4449
AD  - Moiseeva, N.: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043138981.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Registry Number: 56-81-5, 9014-63-5.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Mycology
N2  - Xylanases catalyse the cleavage of various forms of xylan. A new crystal form of xylanase II from the fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum that diffracts to better than 1 Å resolution was grown from 12% PEG 8K, 0.1 M Tris pH 8.5, 0.2 M CaCl2 with the addition of 2% glycerol to overcome crystal twinning. The crystals grow in a body-centered orthorhombic Bravais lattice, with unit-cell parameters a=66.78, b=67.94, c=79.18 Å. The solvent content is 42% with one molecule per asymmetric unit. Molecular-replacement analysis reveals the space group to be I222. This atomic resolution structure will provide important insights that will lead to a better understanding of the enzymatic mechanism of the family 11 xylanases.
KW  - crystal inclusions
KW  - crystallization
KW  - crystals
KW  - diffraction
KW  - enzyme activity
KW  - glycerol
KW  - xylan
KW  - Trichoderma longibrachiatum
KW  - Trichoderma
KW  - Hypocreaceae
KW  - Hypocreales
KW  - Sordariomycetes
KW  - Pezizomycotina
KW  - Ascomycota
KW  - fungi
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - fungus
KW  - glycerin
KW  - glycerine
KW  - Hyphomycetes
KW  - wood gum
KW  - wood rosin
KW  - xylanase
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms (ZZ394) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043138981&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1107/S0907444904009400/abs/
UR  - email: allaire@bnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Noninvasive biomonitoring approaches to determine dosimetry and risk following acute chemical exposure: analysis of lead or organophosphate insecticide in saliva.
AU  - Timchalk, C.
AU  - Poet, T. S.
AU  - Kousba, A. A.
AU  - Campbell, J. A.
AU  - Lin, Y. H.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 67
IS  - 8/10
SP  - 635
EP  - 650
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Taylor & Francis
SN  - 1528-7394
AD  - Timchalk, C.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN: P7-59, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043072753.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 49 ref. Registry Number: 2921-88-2, 7439-92-1. 
N2  - There is a need to develop approaches for assessing risk associated with acute exposures to a broad range of metals and chemical agents and to rapidly determine the potential implications to human health. Noninvasive biomonitoring approaches are being developed using reliable portable analytical systems to quantitate dosimetry utilizing readily obtainable body fluids, such as saliva. Saliva has been used to evaluate a broad range of biomarkers, drugs and environmental contaminants, including heavy metals and pesticides. To advance the application of noninvasive biomonitoring a microfluidic/electrochemical device has also been developed for the analysis of lead (Pb), using square-wave anodic stripping voltametry. The system demonstrates a linear response over a broad concentration range (1-2000 ppb) and is capable of quantitating saliva Pb in rats orally administered acute doses of Pb acetate. Appropriate pharmacokinetic analyses have been used to quantitate systemic dosimetry based on determination of saliva Pb concentrations. In addition, saliva has recently been used to quantitate dosimetry following exposure to the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos in a rodent model system by measuring the major metabolite, trichloropyridinol, and saliva cholinesterase inhibition following acute exposures. These results suggest that technology developed for noninvasive biomonitoring can provide a sensitive and portable analytical tool capable of assessing exposure and risk in real-time. By coupling these noninvasive technologies with pharmacokinetic modelling it is feasible to rapidly quantitate acute exposure to a broad range of chemical agents. In summary, it is envisioned that once fully developed, these monitoring and modelling approaches will be useful for evaluating acute exposure and health risk.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - animal models
KW  - chlorpyrifos
KW  - dosage
KW  - dosage effects
KW  - laboratory animals
KW  - lead
KW  - organophosphate insecticides
KW  - quantitative analysis
KW  - quantitative techniques
KW  - saliva
KW  - toxic substances
KW  - toxicity
KW  - rats
KW  - Muridae
KW  - rodents
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - chlorpyrifos-ethyl
KW  - poisons
KW  - salivary secretions
KW  - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
KW  - Animal Models of Human Diseases (VV400) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043072753&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: charles.timchalk@pnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates.
AU  - Hill, K. K.
AU  - Ticknor, L. O.
AU  - Okinaka, R. T.
AU  - Asay, M.
AU  - Blair, H.
AU  - Bliss, K. A.
AU  - Laker, M.
AU  - Pardington, P. E.
AU  - Richardson, A. P.
AU  - Tonks, M.
AU  - Beecher, D. J.
AU  - Kemp, J. D.
AU  - Kolstø, A. B.
AU  - Wong, A. C. L.
AU  - Keim, P.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
JO  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 70
IS  - 2
SP  - 1068
EP  - 1080
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0099-2240
AD  - Hill, K. K.: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043043147.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 25 ref. Registry Number: 9007-49-2.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - DNA from over 300 Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis isolates was analyzed by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). B. thuringiensis and B. cereus isolates were from diverse sources and locations, including soil, clinical isolates and food products causing diarrheal and emetic outbreaks, and type strains from the American Type Culture Collection, and over 200 B. thuringiensis isolates representing 36 serovars or subspecies were from the U.S. Department of Agriculture collection. Twenty-four diverse B. anthracis isolates were also included. Phylogenetic analysis of AFLP data revealed extensive diversity within B. thuringiensis and B. cereus compared to the monomorphic nature of B. anthracis. All of the B. anthracis strains were more closely related to each other than to any other Bacillus isolate, while B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains populated the entire tree. Ten distinct branches were defined, with many branches containing both B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates. A single branch contained all the B. anthracis isolates plus an unusual B. thuringiensis isolate that is pathogenic in mice. In contrast, B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (ATCC 33679) and other isolates used to prepare insecticides mapped distal to the B. anthracis isolates. The interspersion of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates within the phylogenetic tree suggests that phenotypic traits used to distinguish between these two species do not reflect the genomic content of the different isolates and that horizontal gene transfer plays an important role in establishing the phenotype of each of these microbes. B. thuringiensis isolates of a particular subspecies tended to cluster together.
KW  - DNA
KW  - molecular genetics
KW  - phylogenetics
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bacillus cereus
KW  - Bacillus thuringiensis
KW  - Bacillus (Bacteria)
KW  - Bacillaceae
KW  - Bacillales
KW  - Bacilli
KW  - Firmicutes
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - biochemical genetics
KW  - deoxyribonucleic acid
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043043147&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: pjjackson@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Laboratory stabilizations/solidification of tank sludges: MVST/BVEST.
AU  - Spence, R. D.
AU  - Mattus, A. J.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 70
IS  - 3
SP  - 189
EP  - 202
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Academic Press
SN  - 0301-4797
AD  - Spence, R. D.: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6202, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043036909.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 43 ref. Registry Number: 7440-43-9, 7440-47-3, 7439-92-1, 7439-97-6, 12174-11-7, 93763-70-3, 12427-27-9, 130885-09-5, 7782-49-2, 7440-28-0. 
N2  - Oak Ridge tank sludges that have been collected over several decades are being combined for treatment and disposal. Stabilization of the highly radioactive, mixed-waste sludges in the different tank sets has been evaluated prior to the proposed combination and treatment. This paper documents the testing of a Melton Valley Storage Tank (MVST)/Bethel Valley Evaporator Storage Tank set. Subsequent papers will discuss continued work on other tank sets and efforts to maximize the sludge loading. Grout formulations were tested in the laboratory both with a surrogate and with a sample of an actual mixed waste tank sludge from MVST W-25. Wet-sludge loadings of 50-60 wt% resulted in strong wasteforms with no free water and gave a volume increase of about 40-50 vol%. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) metals included in the surrogate testing were cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, thallium, and mercury. The actual sludge sample was only characteristically hazardous for mercury by the Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure but exceeded the Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) limit for chromium. The grout formulations stabilized these two RCRA metals within UTS limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 9.0-10.0 was measured for both 85Sr and 137Cs, meeting the recommended requirement of >6.0.
KW  - bentonite
KW  - cadmium
KW  - cement
KW  - chromium
KW  - clay minerals
KW  - fly ash
KW  - lead
KW  - mercury
KW  - palygorskite
KW  - perlite
KW  - selenium
KW  - slags
KW  - sludges
KW  - solidification
KW  - stabilizing
KW  - tanks
KW  - thallium
KW  - wastewater
KW  - wastewater treatment
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - USA
KW  - Appalachian States of USA
KW  - Southern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - East South Central States of USA
KW  - attapulgite
KW  - pulverized fuel ash
KW  - storage tanks
KW  - United States of America
KW  - waste water
KW  - waste water treatment
KW  - waste-water treatment
KW  - Engineering and Equipment (General) (NN000) 
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043036909&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: spencerd@ornl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Laboratory stabilization/solidification of tank sludges: GAAT, OHF, and combined tank sets.
AU  - Spence, R. D.
AU  - Mattus, C. H.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 70
IS  - 3
SP  - 203
EP  - 214
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Academic Press
SN  - 0301-4797
AD  - Spence, R. D.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6202, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043036910.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 3 ref. Registry Number: 7782-49-2, 7440-22-4, 7440-28-0, 7440-66-6, 7440-43-9, 7440-47-3, 7439-92-1, 7439-97-6. 
N2  - Highly radioactive, mixed-waste sludges that have been collected at Oak Ridge over several decades are being combined for treatment and disposal. Stabilization of the sludges in the different tank sets was tested prior to the proposed combination and treatment. This paper, which follows a previous article on the Melton Valley Storage Tank/Bethel Valley Evaporator Storage Tank set, documents the testing of the Gunite and Associated Tank and Old Hydrofracture Facility tank sets, as well as the combined sludges of all the Oak Ridge National Laboratory tank sets; the third paper on this subject will discuss efforts to maximize the sludge loading. The grout formulations were tested in the laboratory with surrogates. A wet-sludge loading of 60 wt% resulted in strong wasteforms with no free water and gave a volume increase of about 30-40 vol%. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act metals included in the surrogate testing were silver, cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, thallium, zinc, and mercury. The grout formulations stabilized these metals within the Universal Treatment Standards limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 10.0-12.0 was measured for both 85Sr and 137Cs, meeting the recommended requirement of >6.0.
KW  - cadmium
KW  - chromium
KW  - lead
KW  - mercury
KW  - selenium
KW  - silver
KW  - sludges
KW  - solidification
KW  - stabilizing
KW  - tanks
KW  - thallium
KW  - waste disposal
KW  - waste management
KW  - wastewater
KW  - wastewater treatment
KW  - wastewater treatment plants
KW  - zinc
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - USA
KW  - Appalachian States of USA
KW  - Southern States of USA
KW  - USA
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - East South Central States of USA
KW  - storage tanks
KW  - United States of America
KW  - waste water
KW  - waste water treatment
KW  - waste water treatment plants
KW  - waste-water treatment
KW  - waste-water treatment plants
KW  - Engineering and Equipment (General) (NN000) 
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Human Wastes and Refuse (XX300) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043036910&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: spencerd@ornl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Glucose biosensor based on the microcantilever.
AU  - Pei, J. H.
AU  - Tian, F.
AU  - Thundat, T.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
JF  - Analytical Chemistry (Washington)
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
SP  - 292
EP  - 297
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Chemical Society
SN  - 0003-2700
AD  - Pei, J. H.: Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043014885.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 29 ref. Registry Number: 50-99-7, 9001-37-0.  Subject Subsets: Human Nutrition
N2  - Diagnosis and management of diabetes require quantitative and selective detection of blood glucose levels. We report a technique for micromechanical detection of biologically relevant glucose concentrations by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto a microcantilever surface. Microfabricated cantilevers have traditionally found utility in atomic force microscope imaging. During the past decade, however, microcantilevers have been increasingly used as transducers in chemical-sensing systems. This paper describes the combination of this technology with enzyme specificity to construct a highly selective glucose biosensor. The enzyme-functionalized microcantilever undergoes bending due to a change in surface stress induced by the reaction between glucose in solution and the GOx immobilized on the cantilever surface. Experiments were carried out under flow conditions. The common interferences for glucose detection in other detection schemes have been tested and have shown to have no effect on the measurement of blood glucose level by this technique.
KW  - biosensors
KW  - blood sugar
KW  - diabetes
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - diagnostic techniques
KW  - glucose
KW  - glucose oxidase
KW  - human diseases
KW  - blood glucose
KW  - dextrose
KW  - glucose in blood
KW  - Nutrition Related Disorders and Therapeutic Nutrition (VV130) 
KW  - Diagnosis of Human Disease (VV720) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043014885&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: ugt@ornl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dynamics of intermittent viremia during highly active antiretroviral therapy in patients who initiate therapy during chronic versus acute and early human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
AU  - Mascio, M. di
AU  - Markowitz, M.
AU  - Louie, M.
AU  - Hurley, A.
AU  - Hogan, C.
AU  - Simon, V.
AU  - Follmann, D.
AU  - Ho, D. D.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 78
IS  - 19
SP  - 10566
EP  - 10573
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0022-538X
AD  - Mascio, M. di: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20063036409.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 39 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - The meaning of viral blips in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients treated with seemingly effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is still controversial and under investigation. Blips might represent low-level ongoing viral replication in the presence of drug or simply release of virions from the latent reservoir. Patients treated early during HIV-1 infection are more likely to have a lower total body viral burden, a homogenous viral population, and preserved HIV-1-specific immune responses. Consequently, viral blips may be less frequent in them than in patients treated during chronic infection. To test this hypothesis, we compared the occurrence of viral blips in 76 acutely infected patients (primary HIV infection [PHI] group) who started therapy within 6 months of the onset of symptoms with that in 47 patients who started HAART therapy during chronic infection (chronic HIV infection [CHI] group). Viral blip frequency was approximately twofold higher in CHI patients (0.122±0.12/viral load [VL] sample, mean±standard deviation) than in PHI patients (0.066±0.09/VL sample). However, in both groups, viral blip frequency did not increase with longer periods of observation. Also, no difference in viral blip frequency was observed between treatment subgroups, and the occurrence of a blip was not associated with a recent change in CD4+ T-cell count. Finally, in PHI patients the VL set point was a significant predictor of blip frequency during treatment.
KW  - acute infections
KW  - chronic infections
KW  - drug therapy
KW  - highly active antiretroviral therapy
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - pathogenesis
KW  - viraemia
KW  - viral replication
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - HAART
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - severe infections
KW  - viremia
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20063036409&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/78/19/10566
UR  - email: mdimascio@niaid.nih.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Insights into the evolution of Yersinia pestis through whole-genome comparison with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
AU  - Chain, P. S. G.
AU  - Carniel, E.
AU  - Larimer, F. W.
AU  - Lamerdin, J.
AU  - Stoutland, P. O.
AU  - Regala, W. M.
AU  - Georgescu, A. M.
AU  - Vergez, L. M.
AU  - Land, M. L.
AU  - Motin, V. L.
AU  - Brubaker, R. R.
AU  - Fowler, J.
AU  - Hinnebusch, J.
AU  - Marceau, M.
AU  - Medigue, C.
AU  - Simonet, M.
AU  - Chenal-Francisque, V.
AU  - Souza, B.
AU  - Dacheux, D.
AU  - Elliott, J. M.
AU  - Derbise, A.
AU  - Hauser, L. J.
AU  - Garcia, E.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 101
IS  - 38
SP  - 13826
EP  - 13831
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - National Academy of Sciences
SN  - 0027-8424
AD  - Chain, P. S. G.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-452, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043178198.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 47 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health; Medical & Veterinary Entomology; Tropical Diseases
N2  - Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is a highly uniform clone that diverged recently from the enteric pathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Despite their close genetic relationship, they differ radically in their pathogenicity and transmission. Here, we report the complete genomic sequence of Y. pseudotuberculosis IP32953 and its use for detailed genome comparisons with available Y. pestis sequences. Analyses of identified differences across a panel of Yersinia isolates from around the world reveal 32 Y. pestis chromosomal genes that, together with the two Y. pestis-specific plasmids, to our knowledge, represent the only new genetic material in Y. pestis acquired since the divergence from Y. pseudotuberculosis. In contrast, 149 other pseudogenes (doubling the previous estimate) and 317 genes absent from Y. pestis were detected, indicating that as many as 13% of Y. pseudotuberculosis genes no longer function in Y. pestis. Extensive insertion sequence-mediated genome rearrangements and reductive evolution through massive gene loss, resulting in elimination and modification of preexisting gene expression pathways, appear to be more important than acquisition of genes in the evolution of Y. pestis. These results provide a sobering example of how a highly virulent epidemic clone can suddenly emerge from a less virulent, closely related progenitor.
KW  - clones
KW  - evolution
KW  - genes
KW  - genomes
KW  - plague
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Taxonomy and Evolution (ZZ380) 
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043178198&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: garcia12@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Temporal global changes in gene expression during temperature transition in Yersinia pestis.
AU  - Motin, V. L.
AU  - Georgescu, A. M.
AU  - Fitch, J. P.
AU  - Gu, P. P.
AU  - Nelson, D. O.
AU  - Mabery, S. L.
AU  - Garnham, J. B.
AU  - Sokhansanj, B. A.
AU  - Ott, L. L.
AU  - Coleman, M. A.
AU  - Elliott, J. M.
AU  - Kegelmeyer, L. M.
AU  - Wyrobek, A. J.
AU  - Slezak, T. R.
AU  - Brubaker, R. R.
AU  - Garcia, E.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 186
IS  - 18
SP  - 6298
EP  - 6305
CY  - Washington; USA
PB  - American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
SN  - 0021-9193
AD  - Motin, V. L.: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-452, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20053104819.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Medical & Veterinary Entomology; Tropical Diseases; Public Health
N2  - DNA microarrays encompassing the entire genome of Yersinia pestis were used to characterize global regulatory changes during steady-state vegetative growth occurring after shift from 26 to 37°C in the presence and absence of Ca2+. Transcriptional profiles revealed that 51, 4, and 13 respective genes and open reading frames (ORFs) on pCD, pPCP, and pMT were thermoinduced and that the majority of these genes carried by pCD were downregulated by Ca2+. In contrast, Ca2+ had little effect on chromosomal genes and ORFs, of which 235 were thermally upregulated and 274 were thermally downregulated. The primary consequence of these regulatory events is profligate catabolism of numerous metabolites available in the mammalian host.
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic regulation
KW  - genome analysis
KW  - human diseases
KW  - open reading frames
KW  - plague
KW  - temperature
KW  - transcription
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - DNA transcription
KW  - ORFs
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - General Molecular Biology (ZZ360) (Discontinued March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20053104819&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://jb.asm.org/cgi/content/full/186/18/6298
UR  - email: garcia12@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modeling the long-term control of viremia in HIV-1 infected patients treated with antiretroviral therapy.
AU  - Mascio, M. di
AU  - Ribeiro, R. M.
AU  - Markowitz, M.
AU  - Ho, D. D.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Mathematical Biosciences
JF  - Mathematical Biosciences
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 188
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 47
EP  - 62
CY  - New York; USA
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc.
SN  - 0025-5564
AD  - Mascio, M. di: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1 Los Alamos Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545-0001, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043084652.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), administered to a HAART-naïve patient, perturbs the steady state of chronic infection. This perturbation provides an opportunity to investigate the existence and dynamics of different sources of viral production. Models of HIV dynamics can be used to make a comparative analysis of the efficacies of different drug regimens. When HAART is administered for long periods of time, most patients achieve 'undetectable' viral loads (VLs), i.e., below 50 copies/ml. Use of an ultrasensitive VL assay demonstrates that some of these patients obtain a low steady state VL in the range 5-50 copies/ml, while others continue to exhibit VL declines to below 5 copies/ml. Interestingly, when patients exhibit continued declines below 50 copies/ml the virus has a half-life of ~6 months, consistent with some estimates of the rate of latent cell decline. Some patients, despite having sustained undetectable VLs, show periods of transient viremia (blips). We present a statistical characterization of the blips observed in a set of 123 patients, suggesting that patients have different tendencies to show blips during the period of VL suppression, that intermittent episodes of viremia have common amplitude profiles, and that VL decay from the peak of a blip may have two phases.
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - disease control
KW  - drug therapy
KW  - half life
KW  - highly active antiretroviral therapy
KW  - HIV-1 infections
KW  - human diseases
KW  - statistical analysis
KW  - viraemia
KW  - viral load
KW  - USA
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus 1
KW  - man
KW  - human immunodeficiency viruses
KW  - Lentivirus
KW  - Orthoretrovirinae
KW  - Retroviridae
KW  - RNA Reverse Transcribing Viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developed Countries
KW  - North America
KW  - America
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - HAART
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - statistical methods
KW  - United States of America
KW  - viremia
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043084652&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VHX-49PRK7J-2&_user=10&_handle=B-WA-A-A-AE-MsSAYWA-UUW-AUYEAYBCVE-AUYZDZVBVE-VCWDEWVUV-AE-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=04%2F30%2F2004&_rdoc=4&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%236078%232004%23998119998%23477778!&_cdi=6078&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=6f5f1ee57008070ac5af00186027e67b
UR  - email: asp@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Microsphere-based duplexed immunoassay for influenza virus typing by flow cytometry.
AU  - Yan, X. M.
AU  - Schielke, E. G.
AU  - Grace, K. M.
AU  - Hassell, C.
AU  - Marrone, B. L.
AU  - Nolan, J. P.
JO  - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 284
IS  - 1/2
SP  - 27
EP  - 38
CY  - Amsterdam; Netherlands
PB  - Elsevier Science B.V.
SN  - 0022-1759
AD  - Yan, X. M.: Bioscience Division, MS M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043024407.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 38 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - We have developed a rapid, duplexed microsphere-based immunoassay for the characterization of influenza virus types that has the potential to overcome many of the limitations of current detection methods. The assay uses microspheres of two sizes, each coupled to an influenza type A- or type B-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb), to capture influenza viruses in the sample. A cocktail of fluorescently labeled, influenza-specific polyclonal antibodies then binds the captured viruses. The sandwich complexes are measured using a multiparameter flow cytometer. The assay can distinguish between influenza types A and B in a single reaction with good reproducibility and high sensitivity. Detection sensitivity is much higher than that of commercially available influenza diagnosis quick kits: the FLU OIA (Thermo Biostar) kit and the Directigen Flu A+B kit (Becton Dickinson). The multiplexing capabilities of the current assay, which are not possible with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the commercially available kits, reduce sample handling and consume fewer costly reagents. This assay represents a more efficient and sensitive method of characterizing influenza types. With inclusion of influenza subtype-specific antibodies as capture antibodies, this microsphere-based immunoassay can be expanded to differentiate among influenza types and subtypes in a single reaction to improve world-wide influenza surveillance.
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - flow cytometry
KW  - immunoassay
KW  - Influenza B virus
KW  - influenzavirus A
KW  - influenzavirus B
KW  - Influenzavirus B
KW  - Orthomyxoviridae
KW  - negative-sense ssRNA viruses
KW  - ssRNA viruses
KW  - RNA viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - analytical techniques
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043024407&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: yan@lanl.gov\nolan_john_p@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Proteomic characterization of host response to Yersinia pestis and near neighbors.
AU  - Chromy, B. A.
AU  - Perkins, J.
AU  - Heidbrink, J. L.
AU  - Gonzales, A. D.
AU  - Murphy, G. A.
AU  - Fitch, J. P.
AU  - McCutchen-Maloney, S. L.
JO  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 320
IS  - 2
SP  - 474
EP  - 479
CY  - San Diego; USA
PB  - Elsevier Inc.
SN  - 0006-291X
AD  - Chromy, B. A.: Biodefense Division, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043126472.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 35 ref. Subject Subsets: Tropical Diseases; Public Health; Medical & Veterinary Entomology
N2  - Host-pathogen interactions result in protein expression changes within both the host and the pathogen. Here, results from proteomic characterization of host response following exposure to Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, and to two near neighbors, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica, are reported. Human monocyte-like cells were chosen as a model for macrophage immune response to pathogen exposure. Two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry was used to identify host proteins with differential expression following exposure to these three closely related Yersinia species. This comparative proteomic characterization of host response clearly shows that host protein expression patterns are distinct for the different pathogen exposures, and contributes to further understanding of Y. pestis virulence and host defense mechanisms. This work also lays the foundation for future studies aimed at defining biomarkers for presymptomatic detection of plague.
KW  - electrophoresis
KW  - human diseases
KW  - macrophage activation
KW  - proteomics
KW  - man
KW  - Yersinia enterocolitica
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - host resistance
KW  - host response
KW  - Host Resistance and Immunity (HH600) 
KW  - Human Immunology and Allergology (VV055) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Techniques and Methodology (ZZ900) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043126472&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: smaloney@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Real-time characterization of virulence factor expression in Yersinia pestis using a GFP reporter system.
AU  - Forde, C. E.
AU  - Rocco, J. M.
AU  - Fitch, J. P.
AU  - McCutchen-Maloney, S. L.
JO  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 324
IS  - 2
SP  - 795
EP  - 800
CY  - San Diego; USA
PB  - Elsevier Inc.
SN  - 0006-291X
AD  - Forde, C. E.: Biodefense Division, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043199361.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 23 ref. Registry Number: 7440-70-2, 147336-22-9.  Subject Subsets: Tropical Diseases; Agroforestry; Medical & Veterinary Entomology; Public Health
N2  - A real-time reporter system was developed to monitor the thermal induction of virulence factors in Yersinia pestis, the aetiological agent of plague. The reporter system consists of a plasmid in Y. pestis in which the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) is under the control of the promoters for six virulence factors, yopE, sycE, yopK, yopT, yscN, and lcrE yopN, which are all components of the Type III secretion virulence mechanism of Y. pestis. Induction of the expression of these genes in vivo was determined by the increase in fluorescence intensity of GFP in real time, in 96-well format. Different basal levels of expression at 26°C were observed for the Y. pestis promoters. Expressed as percentages of the level measured for the lac promoter (positive control), the basal expression levels before temperature shift were: yopE (15%), sycE (15%), yopK (13%), yopT (4%), lcrE (3.3%), and yscN (0.8%). Following the shift in temperature from 26 to 37°C, the rates of expression of these genes increased with the yopE reporter showing the strongest degree of induction. The rates of induction of the other virulence factors after the temperature, expressed as percentages of yopE induction, were: yopK (57%), sycE (9%), yscN (3%), lcrE (3%), and yopT (2%). The thermal induction of each of these promoter fusions was repressed by calcium, and the ratios of the initial rates of thermal induction without calcium supplementation compared to the rate with calcium supplementation were: yopE (11-fold), yscN (7-fold), yopK (6-fold), lcrE (3-fold), yopT (2-fold), and sycE (1-fold). This work demonstrates a novel approach to quantify gene induction and provides a method to rapidly determine the effects of external stimuli on expression of Y. pestis virulence factors in real time, in living cells, as a means to characterize virulence determinants.
KW  - calcium
KW  - gene expression
KW  - genes
KW  - genetic transformation
KW  - green fluorescent protein
KW  - human diseases
KW  - intergenic DNA
KW  - plague
KW  - plasmids
KW  - promoters
KW  - reporter genes
KW  - temperature
KW  - transcription
KW  - virulence
KW  - man
KW  - Siphonaptera
KW  - Yersinia pestis
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - insects
KW  - Hexapoda
KW  - arthropods
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - Yersinia (Bacteria)
KW  - Enterobacteriaceae
KW  - Enterobacteriales
KW  - Gammaproteobacteria
KW  - Proteobacteria
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - prokaryotes
KW  - bacterium
KW  - DNA transcription
KW  - intergenic spacers
KW  - promoter region
KW  - promoter sequences
KW  - reporter gene
KW  - spacer DNA
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Public Health Pests, Vectors and Intermediate Hosts (VV230) (New March 2000)
KW  - Genetics and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (ZZ395) (New March 2000)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043199361&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: smaloney@llnl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modelling how ribavirin improves interferon response rates in hepatitis C virus infection.
AU  - Dixit, N. M.
AU  - Layden-Almer, J. E.
AU  - Layden, T. J.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
JO  - Nature (London)
JF  - Nature (London)
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 432
IS  - 7019
SP  - 922
EP  - 924
CY  - London; UK
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 0028-0836
AD  - Dixit, N. M.: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043217478.  Publication Type: Journal Article.  Language: English.  Number of References: 30 ref. Registry Number: 9008-11-1, 36791-04-5.  Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - Nearly 200 million individuals worldwide are currently infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Combination therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, the latest treatment for HCV infection, elicits long-term responses in only about 50% of patients treated. No effective alternative treatments exist for non-responders. Consequently, significant efforts are continuing to maximize response to combination therapy. However, rational therapy optimization is precluded by the poor understanding of the mechanism(s) of ribavirin action against HCV. Ribavirin alone induces either a transient early decline or no decrease in HCV viral load, but in combination with interferon it significantly improves long-term response rates. Here we present a model of HCV dynamics in which, on the basis of growing evidence, we assume that ribavirin decreases HCV infectivity in an infected individual in a dose-dependent manner. The model quantitatively predicts long-term response rates to interferon monotherapy and combination therapy, fits observed patterns of HCV RNA decline in patients undergoing therapy, reconciles conflicting observations of the influence of ribavirin on HCV RNA decline, provides key insights into the mechanism of ribavirin action against HCV, and establishes a framework for rational therapy optimization.
KW  - antiviral agents
KW  - hepatitis C
KW  - human diseases
KW  - interferon
KW  - liver
KW  - liver diseases
KW  - multiple drug therapy
KW  - ribavirin
KW  - viral diseases
KW  - hepatitis C virus
KW  - man
KW  - Hepacivirus
KW  - Flaviviridae
KW  - positive-sense ssRNA viruses
KW  - ssRNA viruses
KW  - RNA viruses
KW  - viruses
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - combination drug therapy
KW  - tribavirin
KW  - viral infections
KW  - Pesticides and Drugs; Control (HH405) (New March 2000)
KW  - Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans (VV210) (New March 2000)
KW  - Mathematics and Statistics (ZZ100) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043217478&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - email: asp@lanl.gov
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Risk communication: a handbook for communicating environmental, safety and health risks.
AU  - Lundgren, R. E.
AU  - McMakin, A. H.
A2  - Lundgren, R.
A2  - McMakin, A.
T2  - Risk communication: a handbook for communicating environmental, safety and health risks
Y1  - 2004///
IS  - Ed.3
CY  - Colombus; USA
PB  - Battelle Press
SN  - 1574771426
AD  - Lundgren, R. E.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043192779.  Publication Type: Book.  Language: English.  Number of References: many ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health
N2  - This handbook (Risk Communication third edition) of strategies and guidance for conveying risk information effectively is divided into 5 chapters. Chapter 1 gives background information necessary to understand the basic theories and practices of environmental/public health risk communication, and provides a basis for understanding information in other chapters. Chapter 2 discusses how to plan a communication effort. Chapter 3 gives more in-depth information on different methods of communicating risk, and describes how each differs from its counterparts in other areas of communication. Chapter 4 discusses how to evaluate risk communication efforts, including how to measure success. Chapter 5 focuses on risk communication during and after an emergency, with particular emphasis on bioterrorism events. Chapters that discuss how to apply risk communication (as opposed to those dealing with more theoretical aspects such as principles and ethics) end with a checklist, which can be used to help plan and develop your risk communication efforts. Sections on using technology in communication, choosing visuals, understanding stigma and privacy issues, and evaluating communication results have been expanded to include the latest methods and research-driven examples.
KW  - bioterrorism
KW  - communication
KW  - emergencies
KW  - environment
KW  - ethics
KW  - hazards
KW  - health hazards
KW  - human diseases
KW  - information
KW  - public health
KW  - risk
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - safety
KW  - terrorism
KW  - man
KW  - Homo
KW  - Hominidae
KW  - Primates
KW  - mammals
KW  - vertebrates
KW  - Chordata
KW  - animals
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Communication and Mass Media (UU360) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20043192779&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
T1  - Environmental risks from metals at a Korean strafing range.
AU  - Hayse, J. W.
AU  - Hlohowskyj, I.
AU  - Levenson, J. B.
A2  - Alleman, B. C.
A2  - Downes, S. A.
T2  - Proceedings of the First Sustainable Range Management Conference, New Orleans, USA, 5-8 January 2004
JO  - Proceedings of the First Sustainable Range Management Conference, New Orleans, USA, 5-8 January 2004
JF  - Proceedings of the First Sustainable Range Management Conference, New Orleans, USA, 5-8 January 2004
Y1  - 2004///
SP  - B1
EP  - 02
CY  - Colombus; USA
PB  - Battelle Press
SN  - 1574771442
AD  - Hayse, J. W.: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA.
N1  - Accession Number: 20043160568.  Publication Type: Conference paper.  Language: English.  Number of References: 12 ref. Registry Number: 7440-38-2, 7440-47-3, 7440-50-8, 7440-02-0, 7440-66-6, 7439-92-1.  Subject Subsets: Soils & Fertilizers; Tropical Diseases
N2  - Potential risks to human health and the environment from metals associated with an Air Force strafing pit at Koon-ni Range in the Republic of Korea were evaluated. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technology and conventional laboratory analyses were used to characterize metal concentrations in nearshore marine sediments and invertebrates. Sediment and invertebrate samples were collected from a 1.6-ha tidal mudflat that received overshoot from training activities at the strafing pit. A field-portable XRF analyzer was used to measure concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments. Laboratory analytical methods were used to analyze whole-body concentrations of arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, and zinc in invertebrate tissues. The concentrations found in sediments were compared with ecological sediment screening concentrations. The concentrations in invertebrate tissues were compared with safe levels for shellfish consumption by humans. Except for chromium and nickel, the concentrations of metals in the sediments were at levels considered safe for ecological resources. Although concentrations of chromium and nickel in the sediment could pose potential risks to ecological resources, the evaluation of risks was very conservative and likely overstated risk potentials for these metals. Metal concentrations in invertebrate tissues did not exceed levels considered safe for human consumption.
KW  - animal tissues
KW  - aquatic invertebrates
KW  - arsenic
KW  - bioaccumulation
KW  - chromium
KW  - copper
KW  - environmental assessment
KW  - environmental impact
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - lead
KW  - marine environment
KW  - marine sediments
KW  - military areas
KW  - nickel
KW  - polluted water
KW  - public health
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - shellfish
KW  - water pollution
KW  - water quality
KW  - X ray fluorescence
KW  - zinc
KW  - Korea Republic
KW  - crabs
KW  - Gastropoda
KW  - Decapoda
KW  - Malacostraca
KW  - Crustacea
KW  - arthropods
KW  - invertebrates
KW  - animals
KW  - aquatic animals
KW  - aquatic organisms
KW  - eukaryotes
KW  - Mollusca
KW  - APEC countries
KW  - Developing Countries
KW  - East Asia
KW  - Asia
KW  - OECD Countries
KW  - Threshold Countries
KW  - environmental effects
KW  - South Korea
KW  - water composition and quality
KW  - Aquatic Biology and Ecology (MM300) 
KW  - Water Resources (PP200) 
KW  - Pollution and Degradation (PP600) 
KW  - Aquatic Produce (QQ060) 
KW  - Food Composition and Quality (QQ500) 
KW  - Human Health and the Environment (VV500) 
KW  - Industrial Wastes and Effluents (XX400) 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lhh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kowarski, L.
T1  - ATOMIC ENERGY DEVELOPMENTS IN FRANCE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1948/05//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Speech
SP  - 139
EP  - 155
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents a speech by L. Kowarski, Scientific Director of the French Atomic Energy Commission, delivered at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, February 6, 1948. He discusses the developments of atomic energy in France including the construction of nuclear reactor and cyclotron, and the development of physical testing methods and chemical research programs for preparation of graphite and uranium. Atomic energy developments in other European countries are also presented.
KW  - NUCLEAR research laboratories
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - FRANCE
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - KOWARSKI, L.
N1  - Accession Number: 20846250; Kowarski, L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1948, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p139; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research laboratories; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject: FRANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Speech
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Furney, Lester C.1
T1  - Co-operation in Scientific Research.
JO  - Journal of Higher Education
JF  - Journal of Higher Education
J1  - Journal of Higher Education
PY  - 1950/02//
Y1  - 1950/02//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
CP  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
EP  - 71
SN  - 00221546
AB  - The article reports on the co-operation in scientific research. Co-operation refers to the collective action for the common benefit. Scientific and technical advancement are being made by the government and different universities. Provisions on the Atomic Energy Act of 1946 were made giving the responsibility to the Atomic Energy Commission whereby various research institutes would be able to contribute in nuclear research. The Commission's three laboratories for research and training are the Argonne National Laboratory in Chicago, Illinois, the Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies in Tennessee.
KW  - Research
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Technological revolution
KW  - Scientific bureaus
KW  - Industrial revolution
KW  - Nuclear research
KW  - Research institutes
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Atomic Energy Commission (Company)
KW  - Argonne National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 21286019; Authors: Furney, Lester C. 1; Affiliations:  1: Assistant to the Director, Argonne National Laboratory; Subject: Research; Subject: Technological revolution; Subject: Scientific bureaus; Subject: Technological innovations; Subject: Industrial revolution; Subject: Nuclear research; Subject: Atomic Energy Commission (Company); Subject: Argonne National Laboratory; Subject: Research institutes; Subject: Laboratories; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Map; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lls
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuper, J. B. H.
T1  - RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING FOR CIVIL DEFENSE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1951/10//
VL  - 7
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 320
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article examines the emphasis of civil defense workers on the complexities of radiation detection. It suggests a simplified plan on radiological monitoring for civil defense purposes. The radiological problem of the whole civil defense focuses on quickly establishing which areas are clean and coping with the special conditions existing in areas found to be contaminated. A minimum of two teams per state is suggested to be organized in surveying the scene of an atomic explosion. The duties of the team members and the requirements for wardens during this incident are offered.
KW  - RADIATION measurements
KW  - CIVIL defense
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - DIRTY bombs
KW  - CONTAMINATION (Technology)
KW  - NUCLEAR explosions
KW  - DEFENSIVE (Military science)
KW  - EXPLOSIONS
KW  - ATOMIC bomb
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 21331075; Kuper, J. B. H. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Head of Electronics and Instrumentation, Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: Oct1951, Vol. 7 Issue 10, p313; Subject Term: RADIATION measurements; Subject Term: CIVIL defense; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: DIRTY bombs; Subject Term: CONTAMINATION (Technology); Subject Term: NUCLEAR explosions; Subject Term: DEFENSIVE (Military science); Subject Term: EXPLOSIONS; Subject Term: ATOMIC bomb; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - SCIENTIFIC MANPOWER.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1952/01//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 27
EP  - 30
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Information about several subjects discussed at a symposium on the state of human resources and manpower in the United States is presented. Information on population statistical trends, labor and intellectual resources are crucial in planning a framework for progress and development. There is a need for environments which are conducive to learning because it is where the youth can develop their full potential.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - EMPLOYMENT policy -- Congresses
KW  - LABOR supply -- Congresses
KW  - EMPLOYMENT (Economic theory) -- Congresses
KW  - HUMAN capital -- Congresses
KW  - DECISION MAKING AND COMMUNICATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 21330663; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Chemist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1952, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p27; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: EMPLOYMENT policy -- Congresses; Subject Term: LABOR supply -- Congresses; Subject Term: EMPLOYMENT (Economic theory) -- Congresses; Subject Term: HUMAN capital -- Congresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: DECISION MAKING AND COMMUNICATIONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - MANPOWER: UNIVERSAL MILITARY TRAINING.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1952/02//
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 55
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article offers information on the Public Law 51 which was passed in the U.S. Congress in the spring of 1951. Under the law, a National Security Training Commission was appointed for matters regarding universal military training. The first report of the Commission on October 129, 1959, includes a draft of a Universal Military Training Bill. In its discussion, the Commission stressed that it is considering a six-month period of training to be followed by seven and a half years of service in the reserve. The apparent reason of the U.S. in adopting the universal military training, against a long tradition of opposition to the program, is the economy financially and in terms of productive manpower compared with maintaining a large standing army.
KW  - NATIONAL security -- Law & legislation
KW  - LAW
KW  - GOVERNMENT policy
KW  - ARMED Forces
KW  - MILITARY art & science
KW  - ECONOMIC policy
KW  - MILITARY education
KW  - MILITARY policy
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 21330689; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Chemist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Feb1952, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p54; Subject Term: NATIONAL security -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: LAW; Subject Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Subject Term: ARMED Forces; Subject Term: MILITARY art & science; Subject Term: ECONOMIC policy; Subject Term: MILITARY education; Subject Term: MILITARY policy; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - TACTICAL PROBLEM ATOMIC WEAPONS AND THE OF ULTIMATE CONTROL.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1952/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 84
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article discusses the implications of the atomic arms race and cites possible solutions to avert its catastrophic outcome. The strategic use of atomic bombs in warfare invites proliferation of its development in which case a need for an atomic armament control plan is deemed necessary. Several frameworks upon which disarmament control policies should be based is presented one of which is an international agreement which will set limitation on arms production including atomic armaments. The control scheme, however, requires a knowledge in the dynamics of developing an atomic bomb such as plutonium and uranium content or the amount of fissionable material.
KW  - ATOMIC bomb
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - NUCLEAR disarmament
KW  - ATOMIC bomb -- Law & legislation
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY -- Safety measures
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - DISARMAMENT
KW  - ORDNANCE
KW  - TACTICAL nuclear weapons
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 21330713; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Staff, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Mar1952, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p79; Subject Term: ATOMIC bomb; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: NUCLEAR disarmament; Subject Term: ATOMIC bomb -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY -- Safety measures; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: DISARMAMENT; Subject Term: ORDNANCE; Subject Term: TACTICAL nuclear weapons; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warheit, I. A.
T1  - BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION AND ORGANIZATION.
JO  - American Documentation
JF  - American Documentation
Y1  - 1952/04//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 110
SN  - 0096946X
AB  - The article reports on bibliographic identification and organization. Technical and scientific reports are different from books and periodical articles to an extent that their identification, or to use a library term, their descriptive cataloging should be different. One of the important means of identifying reports and probably the most popular is the report number. Because citation is so simple and because it is possible to refer to a classified report in the open literature by number only, the report number as a means of bibliographic identification has become very popular with scientists.
KW  - DOCUMENTATION
KW  - LIBRARIES
KW  - ORGANIZATION
KW  - SERIAL publications
KW  - CATALOGING
KW  - LIBRARY materials
KW  - LITERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 16892779; Warheit, I. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory Library.; Issue Info: Apr1952, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p105; Thesaurus Term: DOCUMENTATION; Thesaurus Term: LIBRARIES; Thesaurus Term: ORGANIZATION; Subject Term: SERIAL publications; Subject Term: CATALOGING; Subject Term: LIBRARY materials; Subject Term: LITERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519121 Libraries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Methods of Operations Research.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1952/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 163
EP  - 163
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Methods of Operations Research," by Philip M. Morse and George E. Kimball.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KIMBALL, George Elbert, 1906-1967
KW  - MORSE, Philip M.
KW  - METHODS of Operations Research (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21330751; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jun1952, Vol. 8 Issue 5, p163; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennington, John
T1  - THE INTEGRATION OF REPORT LITERATURE AND JOURNALS.
JO  - American Documentation
JF  - American Documentation
Y1  - 1952/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 152
SN  - 0096946X
AB  - The article reports that the integration of journals and reports is a process that has started before either are received in the libraries. One most important step in this process was agreed upon at the Conference on Primary Publications held by the National Research Council in Washington on February 11, 1950. For research libraries, journals comprise the core of the collection. Recently, however, production of reports has increased so considerably that one must study them in relation to the journals. We must find new procedures in processing and use to relieve in any way by those staff members who are handling these materials.
KW  - LIBRARIES
KW  - INFORMATION resources
KW  - PERIODICALS
KW  - TECHNICAL reports
KW  - SCIENTIFIC literature
KW  - LIBRARY materials
N1  - Accession Number: 16878720; Bennington, John 1; Affiliations: 1: Head, Research Library, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, L. I., New York.; Issue Info: Aug1952, Vol. 3 Issue 3, p149; Thesaurus Term: LIBRARIES; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION resources; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; Subject Term: TECHNICAL reports; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC literature; Subject Term: LIBRARY materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519121 Libraries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - How Shall We Establish a Nuclear Power Industry in the United States?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1953/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
EP  - 124
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article discusses ways to establish the industrial development of nuclear energy in the U.S. The sense of urgency for the development of nuclear power as an important industrial undertaking is discussed. It is said that the U.S., which has spent the most on the nuclear energy research, has the least immediate need for a new large-scale power source. An important aspect of creating a large-scale civilian nuclear power industry is to evaluate its impact on power costs. The author discussed a nuclear power economics analysis from the Argonne National Laboratory. Issues related to the development of a civilian nuclear power industry is discussed including technical problems, system longevity and the non-military or semi-military uses for nuclear reactors.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR industry
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - CALORIC expenditure
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - RESEARCH & development
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - Role of business in national decisions
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 21307100; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director of Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1953, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p120; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR industry; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: CALORIC expenditure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: RESEARCH & development; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Role of business in national decisions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Atomic Power: An Economic and Social Analysis.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1953/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 152
EP  - 152
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Atomic Power: An Economic and Social Analysis," by Walter Isard and Vincent Whitney.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ISARD, Walter
KW  - WHITNEY, Vincent
KW  - ATOMIC Power: An Economic & Social Analysis (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21307117; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1953, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p152; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Menke, John R.
T1  - Why the Dual Purpose Breeder Reactor?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1953/06//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 164
SN  - 00963402
AB  - This article discusses the reasons for the production of a dual purpose reactor. The dual purpose reactor holds the promise of economic power production, at the same time contributing to the strength for the preservation of peace. It aims to produce useful electrical power and to make available more fissionable material. It also discusses the desire to increase the earth's stored energy resources which includes the uranium and thorium of the earth's crust. The present technology for the expansion of the resources is known as regeneration, conversion, or breeding.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - BREEDER reactors
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - THORIUM
KW  - NATURAL resources
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - ENERGY development
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - Role of business in national decisions
N1  - Accession Number: 21307123; Menke, John R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jun1953, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p162; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: BREEDER reactors; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: THORIUM; Subject Term: NATURAL resources; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: ENERGY development; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Role of business in national decisions; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinn, Walter H.
T1  - The Case for Breeding.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1953/06//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 175
SN  - 00963402
AB  - This article examines the fundamental design specifications of the central-station nuclear reactor. It discusses the four principal technical problems confronting the reactor designer. First is the choice of heat-transfer systems including the choice of media for carrying the heat generated by the fission process in the reactor to a turbo-generator unit to make electricity. The second problem refers to the choice of materials of construction and their stability under the conditions of intense irradiation inside a nuclear reactor. The third problem deals with the chemical processing of the irradiated fuels of the reactor. The fourth problem refers to the choice of plant location.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors -- Design & construction
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
N1  - Accession Number: 21307126; Zinn, Walter H. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jun1953, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p169; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors -- Design & construction; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, Jack C.
T1  - THE DUALITY CONCEPT IN SUBJECT ANALYSIS.
JO  - American Documentation
JF  - American Documentation
Y1  - 1954/01//Jan-Oct1954
VL  - 5
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 146
SN  - 0096946X
AB  - Any comprehensive survey of the principles, structure and methodology of subject analysis would require a treatise of great length to do even partial justice to the subject. Such is here neither contemplated nor Intended. Scope has been restricted to problems concerning library cataloging through subject headings. Observations herein concern American practices in devising subject headings for alphabetic card catalogs, irrespective of whether the finished products are assembled as portions of dictionary catalogs or are filed to form the subject sections of "divided" catalogs. The form of card used is assumed to be the "unit" type wherein each card includes identical and reason- ably full descriptive and informative data for the communication covered. The term `general catalog' is taken to mean one designed for many users, to be Inclusive of one or selected disciplines Intensively or covering portions of all fields of knowledge rather than to connote any particular degree of specificity or level of analysis for Individual communications. A searching criticism Is directed to current tendencies In subject heading construction which are presently denoted as "direct and specific" in the hope that the full import and significance of the duality concept will emerge. It is suggested that the duality concept is applicable to all forms of subject analysis for all kinds of communications. It Is recommended that research and experimental Investigations be directed to effecting a marriage of the best features of subject-headed unit cards with those of marginal punched cards. The "Uniterm" specie of coordinate indexing Is reviewed critically because of its purported challenge to the major modes of subject analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Documentation is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOCUMENTATION
KW  - LIBRARY science
KW  - CARD catalogs
KW  - CONTENT analysis (Communication)
KW  - SUBJECT cataloging
KW  - INDEXING
N1  - Accession Number: 16991786; Morris, Jack C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chief Librarian, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Jan-Oct1954, Vol. 5 Issue 1-4, p117; Thesaurus Term: DOCUMENTATION; Thesaurus Term: LIBRARY science; Subject Term: CARD catalogs; Subject Term: CONTENT analysis (Communication); Subject Term: SUBJECT cataloging; Subject Term: INDEXING; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard
T1  - Experimental Nuclear Physics, Volume 1.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1954/01//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Experimental Nuclear Physics," volume 1, edited by E. Segrè.
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SEGRE, E.
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL Nuclear Physics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21307239; Katzin, Leonard 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1954, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/7p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard
T1  - Isotopes in Biochemistry.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1954/01//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Isotopes in Biochemistry," edited by Gray Davidson.
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - DAVIDSON, Gray
KW  - ISOTOPES in Biochemistry (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21307241; Katzin, Leonard 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1954, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/7p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Energy in the Future.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1954/03//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 98
EP  - 99
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Energy in the Future," by Palmer Putnam.
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - PUTNAM, Palmer
KW  - ENERGY in the Future (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21307280; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Mar1954, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p98; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Ban H-Bomb Tests and Favor the Defense.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1954/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 356
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article offers insights on the issue regarding disarmament and control of thermonuclear bomb or h-bomb. According to the author, there remains one chance for a valuable degree of arms limitation by mutual agreement that does not demand complicated and absurd apparatus of internal control. It is an agreement to prohibit further tests of H-bombs and to have the long-range monitoring done by an international agency, to guarantee that any violation would be unambiguously announced to the world. He contends that even though it provides no disarmament and provides arms limitation only indirectly by limiting the development of new types of arms, this agreement would have a very important value to both sides.
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - HYDROGEN bomb
KW  - NUCLEAR disarmament
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - DISARMAMENT
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - INTERNATIONAL cooperation
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - INTERORGANIZATIONAL relations
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - Test Ban
N1  - Accession Number: 21330897; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Nov1954, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p353; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bomb; Subject Term: NUCLEAR disarmament; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: DISARMAMENT; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL cooperation; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: INTERORGANIZATIONAL relations; Subject Term: ARMS race; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test Ban; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goudsmit, S. A.
T1  - The Task of the Security Officer.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1955/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 147
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article discusses the nature of the U.S. security officers and their duties and responsibilities. The author states that some of the U.S. security officers are lawyers who have experience with military intelligence service, with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, or with other law enforcement agencies. He asserts that there are second-rate security officers who use their position for their own advantage. He explains that the security officer is the one responsible for safeguarding the government's military, technical, and other secrets. He stresses that the security officer does not have the power to investigate.
KW  - NATIONAL security -- United States
KW  - SECURITY personnel
KW  - TASKS
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - UNITED States -- Politics & government -- 1953-1961
KW  - CIVIL service -- United States
KW  - PUBLIC administration
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - UNITED States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
N1  - Accession Number: 21368712; Goudsmit, S. A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Chairman, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: Apr1955, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p145; Subject Term: NATIONAL security -- United States; Subject Term: SECURITY personnel; Subject Term: TASKS; Subject Term: SECURITY systems; Subject Term: UNITED States -- Politics & government -- 1953-1961; Subject Term: CIVIL service -- United States; Subject Term: PUBLIC administration; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - The Stassen Appointment: Turning Point in Disarmament Thinking?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1955/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
EP  - 216
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article assesses on the appointment of Harold E. Stassen as special assistant on disarmament of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. The assignment of Stassen on this cabinet level post signifies the government's show of interest in thinking through the tremendous problem of chancing a reasonable option to the jeopardies of the unlimited arms race. According to the author, the year 1947 was the downward turning point of American thought on disarmament which was learned from the testimony before the Gray Board by Frederick Osborn. In addition, he assesses that there have been many eruptions in the world's local tensions to distract all statesmen from thoughts of long-term settlements of disarmament problem during 1947 to 1955.
KW  - DISARMAMENT
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - MILITARY art & science
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - STASSEN, Harold Edward, 1907-2001
KW  - OSBORN, Frederick
KW  - EISENHOWER, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969
N1  - Accession Number: 21368740; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jun1955, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p204; Subject Term: DISARMAMENT; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: ARMS race; Subject Term: MILITARY art & science; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langsdorf Jr., Alexander
T1  - The New Men.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1955/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 226
EP  - 226
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "The New Men," by C. P. Snow.
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SNOW, C. P. (Charles Percy), 1905-1980
KW  - NEW Men, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21368750; Langsdorf Jr., Alexander 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jun1955, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p226; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krall, Albert R.
T1  - Cytochrome Oxidase Participation in Photosynthetic Fixation of Carbon Dioxide: Specific Light Reversal of Carbon Monoxide Inhibition.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1955/10//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 869
EP  - 876
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The inhibition of photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation which is induced in the dark by exposure to carbon monoxide has been shown to be light reversible. Yellow light, low in photosynthetic activity, promoted the reversal more rapidly than did red light, which is efficient in promotion of steady-state photosynthesis. Thus cytochrome oxidase is active in the photosyntesizing leaf during recovery from the inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photobiology
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Metalloenzymes
N1  - Accession Number: 17318780; Krall, Albert R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: 1955, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p869; Thesaurus Term: Photobiology; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Subject Term: Metalloenzymes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep17318780
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naylor, Aubrey W.
AU  - Tolbert, N. E.
T1  - Glutamic Acid Metabolism in Green and Etiolated Barley Leaves.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1956/04//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 220
EP  - 229
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Discusses the role of glutamic acid in the nitrogen metabolism of plants and animals. Recognition of the utilization of glutamic acid in plants; Examination of the amino acid metabolism in plants; Changes in glutamic acid metabolism.
KW  - Glutamic acid
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Amino acids
KW  - Metabolism
N1  - Accession Number: 15996506; Naylor, Aubrey W. 1,2; Tolbert, N. E. 1; Affiliations: 1: The Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2: Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Issue Info: 1956, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p220; Thesaurus Term: Glutamic acid; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Amino acids; Subject Term: Metabolism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Hughes, Donald J.
T1  - Positive Aspects of the Release of Secret Information.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1956/05//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 169
EP  - 172
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Information about the hearings of the U.S. House of Subcommittee on Government Information which was held on March 7-9, 1956 is presented. It focused on the significance of information security in the operation of atomic energy in the country. Several government officials had attended the meeting including Representative John E. Moss, Congressmen George Meader and John Mitchell.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - INFORMATION policy -- Congresses
KW  - NUCLEAR energy -- Congresses
KW  - PUBLIC officers -- Congresses
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
N1  - Accession Number: 21368398; Hughes, Donald J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1956, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p169; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: INFORMATION policy -- Congresses; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy -- Congresses; Subject Term: PUBLIC officers -- Congresses; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - The Bomb--Challenge and Answer.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1956/05//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 184
EP  - 184
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Bomb—Challenge and Answer," by Alexander Haddow, Bertrand Russell, Lord Beveridge, and Henry Usborne.
KW  - FEDERAL government
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HADDOW, Alexander
KW  - RUSSELL, Bertrand, 1872-1970
KW  - BEVERIDGE, William Henry Beveridge, Baron, 1879-1963
KW  - USBORNE, Henry
KW  - BOMB: Challenge & Answer, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21368412; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1956, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p184; Subject Term: FEDERAL government; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warheit, I. A.
T1  - EVALUATION OF LIBRARY TECHNIQUES FOR THE CONTROL OF RESEARCH MATERIALS.
JO  - American Documentation
JF  - American Documentation
Y1  - 1956/10//
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
EP  - 275
SN  - 0096946X
AB  - Examines library indexing techniques for the control of research materials.  Background on types of library indexing systems; Problems with multi-aspect indexing such as browsing; Advantages of the ability of multi-aspect indexing to generate complex subject headings.
KW  - INDEXES
KW  - INDEXING
KW  - LIBRARY materials
KW  - LIBRARY browsing
KW  - SUBJECT headings
N1  - Accession Number: 16795082; Warheit, I. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Head, Library Department, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois; Issue Info: Oct1956, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p267; Thesaurus Term: INDEXES; Subject Term: INDEXING; Subject Term: LIBRARY materials; Subject Term: LIBRARY browsing; Subject Term: SUBJECT headings; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Armament Decision in a Democracy.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1956/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 284
EP  - 319
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reflects on proposals to achieve world peace and democracy through halting the production of nuclear devices. An example of what might be done to reconcile nations is to seek an international agreement to stop all testing of nuclear weapons and long-range missiles, as well as to simultaneously take steps to concentrate in large international research projects. The development of controlled thermonuclear power is suggested. However, one impediment to major disarmament efforts is the tendency of the people to foster stress just to maintain public interest in paying for deterrence.
KW  - WORLD politics
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NUCLEAR disarmament
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - DEMOCRACY
KW  - POLITICAL planning
KW  - POLITICAL movements
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing
KW  - PUBLIC interest
N1  - Accession Number: 21368461; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physics, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Oct1956, Vol. 12 Issue 8, p284; Subject Term: WORLD politics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR disarmament; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Subject Term: DEMOCRACY; Subject Term: POLITICAL planning; Subject Term: POLITICAL movements; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing; Subject Term: PUBLIC interest; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Today's Revolution.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1956/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
M3  - Essay
SP  - 299
EP  - 302
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article seeks to explain the role of unborn technology known as civilian nuclear power in public affairs. According to the Geneva Conference for the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, the viability of technology cannot be demonstrated unless a substantial amount of electricity are generated. It is inferred that shortage of energy, food and water supplies are some of the major deficiencies the society faces. In Great Britain and the U.S., roles of nuclear energy development and technological devices are intensively investigated.
KW  - ENERGY development
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - CIVIL service
KW  - ENERGY shortages
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - TECHNOLOGY & civilization
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - TECHNOLOGY assessment
KW  - TECHNOLOGY & international relations
KW  - Britain and US
KW  - Conservation; pollution; environmental problems and protection
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
N1  - Accession Number: 21368465; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Research Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Oct1956, Vol. 12 Issue 8, p299; Subject Term: ENERGY development; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: CIVIL service; Subject Term: ENERGY shortages; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY & civilization; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY assessment; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY & international relations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Britain and US; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation; pollution; environmental problems and protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Essay
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Prospects for Stopping Nuclear Tests.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/01//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 23
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on issues and topics related global efforts aimed towards nonproliferation of nuclear weapons and its testing. According to political and military analysts, stopping tests of hydrogen bomb and other weapons of mass destruction involves a balance of elements of relative national strengths that is too complex to be cogitate and properly judged by an average voter, considering the limited attention he is able to give to the matter. The likelihood of devastating nuclear war is unfortunately very real. While radioactive dangers from continued testing may be very real, it is unlikely that they will cause anything like this enormous number of casualties within the probable lifetime of civilization if the arms race continues.
KW  - ANTINUCLEAR movement
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing
KW  - NUCLEAR warfare
KW  - DISARMAMENT
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - Test Ban
N1  - Accession Number: 21368521; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois;  Source Info: Jan1957, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: ANTINUCLEAR movement; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing; Subject Term: NUCLEAR warfare; Subject Term: DISARMAMENT; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test Ban; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gordon, S. A.
AU  - Paleg, L. G.
T1  - Observations on the Quantitative Determination of Indoleacetic Acid.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1957/01//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 47
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The Fe-HClO4 reaction for the assay of IAA has been extended to organic solvents, resulting in increased sensitivity and utility of the reaction. Direct colorimetric determinations of IAA in plant preparations are demonstrated to he inaccurate. However, by coupling the colorimetric assay with chromatography and elution. it is shown that IAA may be resolved from mixtures and quantitatively estimated. The method gives a less equivocal measure of IAA in plant extracts and enzymatic preparations than does direct colorimetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant extracts
KW  - Acetic acid
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Organic solvents
KW  - Solution (Chemistry)
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Indoleacetic acid
KW  - Plant growth promoting substances
N1  - Accession Number: 15770564; Gordon, S. A. 1; Paleg, L. G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research Argonne National Laboratory Lemont, Illinois.; Issue Info: 1957, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p39; Thesaurus Term: Plant extracts; Thesaurus Term: Acetic acid; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Organic solvents; Thesaurus Term: Solution (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Subject Term: Indoleacetic acid; Subject Term: Plant growth promoting substances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep15770564
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15770564&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Scientists in Short Supply.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 71
EP  - 72
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews several books including "Soviet Professional Manpower," by Nicholas DeWitt, "Manpower and Education," "The Growing Shortage of Scientists and Engineers: Proceedings of the Sixth Thomas Alva Edison Foundation Institute, November 21-22, 1955," and "Shortage of Scientific and Engineering Manpower."
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - DEWITT, Nicholas
KW  - SOVIET Professional Manpower: Its Education, Training & Supply (Book)
KW  - MANPOWER & Education (Book)
KW  - GROWING Shortage of Scientists & Engineers: Proceedings of the Sixth Thomas Alva Edison Foundation Institute, November 21-22, 1955, The (Book)
KW  - SHORTAGE of Scientific & Engineering Manpower (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21368558; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Feb1957, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p71; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langsdorf Jr., Alexander
T1  - The Laws of Nature.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 72
EP  - 72
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Laws of Nature," by R. E. Peierls.
KW  - NATURE
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - PEIERLS, R. E.
KW  - LAWS of Nature, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21368560; Langsdorf Jr., Alexander 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Feb1957, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p72; Subject Term: NATURE; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Atomic Energy and Congress/Government Contracting in Atomic Energy.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 145
EP  - 145
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews two books titled "Atomic Energy and Congress," by Morgan Thomas and "Government Contracting in Atomic Energy," by Richard A. Tybout.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - THOMAS, Morgan
KW  - TYBOUT, Richard A.
KW  - ATOMIC Energy & Congress (Book)
KW  - GOVERNMENT Contracting in Atomic Energy (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21368593; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Apr1957, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p145; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Arms Control Effort Buried in State.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/05//
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
EP  - 175
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents the author's comments on the demotion of the "Special Assistant to the President for Disarmament" from independent Cabinet status to an innocuous position in the U.S. Department of State. The author holds that this is one thing for the government to say that there is no easily acceptable alternative to its present policy, and another one to announce, in effect, its intention not to seek seriously an alternative to a perpetual nuclear arms race among many nations. Furthermore, the author said that it has never implied the recognition of the deep national need for long-range investigation of the possible foundations of a future armament policy, independent of the exigencies of the daily execution of foreign policy.
KW  - DEMOTIONS
KW  - PERSONNEL management
KW  - GOVERNMENT agencies
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - DISARMAMENT
KW  - MILITARY readiness
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Test Ban
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of State
N1  - Accession Number: 21368615; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1957, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p174; Subject Term: DEMOTIONS; Subject Term: PERSONNEL management; Subject Term: GOVERNMENT agencies; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: DISARMAMENT; Subject Term: MILITARY readiness; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test Ban; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hughes, Donald J.
T1  - Atoms for the World.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/05//
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 180
EP  - 180
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Atoms for the World," by Laura Fermi.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - FERMI, Laura
KW  - ATOMS for the World (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21368620; Hughes, Donald J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1957, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p180; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snell, Arthur H.
T1  - Power for the Future.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 372
EP  - 372
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Prospects of Nuclear Power and Technology," by Gerald Wendt.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - WENDT, Gerald
KW  - PROSPECTS of Nuclear Power & Technology, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21386737; Snell, Arthur H. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: Dec1957, Vol. 13 Issue 10, p372; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brues, Austin M.
T1  - Somatic Effects of Radiation.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 14
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article studies the somatic effects of radiation by researchers from the U.S. All the different forms of radiation have more or less the same effects on the body. Of course, when the source is such that only certain tissues of organs of the body are irradiated, the effects are more local. The researchers also noted some minor differences between the different radiations. For example, neutrons are two or three times as effective in killing cells as X-rays are, and gamma rays are a little less effective than X-rays. This led the researchers to believe that these differences are due to the fact that heavier particles give up their energy in greater packages where they pass through tissue, while other particles act in a more scattered fashion.
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
KW  - ORGANS (Anatomy)
KW  - RADIATION exposure
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - X-rays
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 21385876; Brues, Austin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Biological and Medical Research Division of Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1958, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: ORGANS (Anatomy); Subject Term: RADIATION exposure; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schubert, Jack
AU  - Lapp, Ralph E.
T1  - Global Radiation Limits.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 26
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on issues and topics concerning global radiation limits. Before the advent of nuclear energy, one could consider all man-made radiation sources as localized in character. However, with the proliferation of nuclear energy applications to various industries, the scientific community are becoming concerned about the levels of harmful radiation into the atmosphere. It was for this reason that interest focused on establishing permissible limits for relatively small numbers of adults occupationally exposed to radiation hazards. The large-scale release of radioactive products into the earth’s atmosphere and the subsequent deposition of these materials on the earth’s surface attracted public interest and initiated controversy.
KW  - RADIATION measurements
KW  - NUCLEAR energy -- Law & legislation
KW  - RADIOACTIVE pollution of the atmosphere
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis
KW  - RADIATION exposure
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances -- Safety regulations
KW  - INTERNATIONAL cooperation
KW  - WORLD health
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 21385879; Schubert, Jack; Lapp, Ralph E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Lecturer, Senior Chemist, Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1958, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: RADIATION measurements; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE pollution of the atmosphere; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis; Subject Term: RADIATION exposure; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances -- Safety regulations; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL cooperation; Subject Term: WORLD health; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gordon, Solon A.
AU  - Moss, Ronald A.
T1  - The Activity of S-(Carboxymethyl)-Dimethyldithiocarbamate as an Auxin.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1958/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 208
EP  - 214
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The possibility that the activity of S-(carboxymethyl)-dimethyldithiocarbamate (G-33) results from an 'acid effect' or from auxin-sparing action was examined experimentally. Response to this carbamate in the Avena section test is not directly related to the pH of unbuffered test systems, nor is the activity changed significantly in a medium buffered test systems, nor is the activity changed significantly in a medium buffered to a constant pH. Activity of G-33 does not decrease but actually increases when tested on sections depleted of their endogenous auxin. Furthermore, G-33 causes no liberation of bound C14-indoleacetic acid from sections previously exposed to the labeled auxin. It is encluded that the activity of G-33 does not derive from the enhancement of tissue response to endogenous auxin. These observations permit the less equivocal characterization of G-33 as an auxin that does not possess the closed ring system usually associated with auxin activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acids
KW  - Carbamates
KW  - Plant hormones
KW  - Auxin
KW  - Test systems
KW  - Indoleacetic acid
N1  - Accession Number: 15791175; Gordon, Solon A. 1; Moss, Ronald A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research Argonne, National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois.; Issue Info: 1958, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p208; Thesaurus Term: Acids; Thesaurus Term: Carbamates; Thesaurus Term: Plant hormones; Subject Term: Auxin; Subject Term: Test systems; Subject Term: Indoleacetic acid; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep15791175
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15791175&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langsdorf Jr., Alexander
AU  - Smith, Marianne
AU  - Hawkins, David
T1  - The World Around Us.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/05//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 196
EP  - 196
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews several books including "The Modern Universe," by Raymond A. Lyttleton, "Atoms and the Universe," by G. O. Jones, J. Rotblat and G. J. Whitrow, and "Faster, Faster," by W. J. Eckert and Rebecca Jones.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - LYTTLETON, Raymond A.
KW  - JONES, G. O.
KW  - ROTBLAT, Joseph, 1908-2005
KW  - WHITROW, G. J.
KW  - ECKERT, W. J.
KW  - JONES, Rebecca
KW  - MODERN Universe, The (Book)
KW  - ATOMS & the Universe (Book)
KW  - FASTER, Faster (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21386254; Langsdorf Jr., Alexander 1; Smith, Marianne; Hawkins, David; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1958, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p196; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naylor, A. W.
AU  - Rabson, R.
AU  - Tolbert, N. E.
T1  - Aspartic-C14 Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1958/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
EP  - 547
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - 1. Aspartic-C14 acid was readily metabolized in excised orgatis of a wide variety of plant species. In leaves, both light and aerobic conditions accelerated the disappearance of label from the supplied aspartate.  2. Label from aspartate-C14 was quickly converted into malate under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. 3. Aerobic conditions favored the labeling of citric acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, asparagine, and threonine. Under anaerobic conditions, a biger percentage of the aspartate metabolized was found in succinic acid. 4. Alanine became labeled readily under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. 5. Glutamine was labeled readily iti the leaves and roots. Less label from aspartate appeared in asparagine than in glutamine. Glutamine labeling frotn aspartate was greater in the leaves in light; asparagine labeling was much less. In darkness formation of asparagine-C14 increased but never to the 546 A. W. NAYLOR, R. extent as did glutamine-C14. Roots and coleoptiles incorporate more label from aspartate into asparagine than do leaves. Oat roots and coleoptiles incorporated more lahel into asparagine than any of the legumes tested. 6. Homoserine and threonine derived label from aspartate-C14. Alaska pea roots were especially capable of accumulating label in homoserine but not in threonine. In contrast, all other plants tested accumulated labeled threonine. 7. No evidence was obtained to support the hypothesis that β-alanine is formed from aspartate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant species
KW  - Glutamic acid
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Amino acids
KW  - Glutamine
KW  - Classification of plants
KW  - Alanine
N1  - Accession Number: 15780314; Naylor, A. W. 1; Rabson, R. 1; Tolbert, N. E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge national laboratory, oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: 1958, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p537; Thesaurus Term: Plant species; Thesaurus Term: Glutamic acid; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Subject Term: Metabolism; Subject Term: Amino acids; Subject Term: Glutamine; Subject Term: Classification of plants; Subject Term: Alanine; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep15780314
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15780314&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Charpie, Robert A.
T1  - ON NUCLEAR ENERGY.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 336
EP  - 336
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "On Nuclear Energy," by Donald J. Hughes.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HUGHES, Donald J.
KW  - ON Nuclear Energy (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21386335; Charpie, Robert A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Assistant Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: Oct1958, Vol. 14 Issue 8, p336; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Prospects in International Science.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 10
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 402
EP  - 404
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reflects the views of the author on international science. The author cites the use of nuclear science as an instrument of foreign policy which he believed to have both beneficial and dangerous implications. He also cites the most important public responsibilities of science at large, one of which is to direct more of the world's scientific resources along lines which concerned with the issues of human happiness.
KW  - SCIENCE & state
KW  - NUCLEAR science
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
N1  - Accession Number: 21386363; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : director of the Oak  Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Dec1958, Vol. 14 Issue 10, p402; Subject Term: SCIENCE & state; Subject Term: NUCLEAR science; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - The Fourth-Country Problem: Let's Stop at Three.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 26
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reports that the U.S. is entering negotiations with the offer to continue a test moratorium beyond one year only on condition that satisfactory progress is being made toward further controls. The need for introducing controls has an urgency arising from the fact that the task is becoming more difficult with the rapid advance and spread in weapons technology. It has been said that if no controls can be enforced on the arms race, the continuing approach to perfection of instant destructive capability on the part of many nations is expected despite all attempts at developing defense against it.
KW  - ANTINUCLEAR movement
KW  - PEACE movements
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - MILITARY readiness
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - NUCLEAR disarmament
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Test Ban
N1  - Accession Number: 21386383; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1959, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p22; Subject Term: ANTINUCLEAR movement; Subject Term: PEACE movements; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: ARMS race; Subject Term: MILITARY readiness; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: NUCLEAR disarmament; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test Ban; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Laguna, Wallace
T1  - What Is Safe Waste Disposal?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 43
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on the safe disposal of nuclear waste and its effects on the people in the U.S. The volumes of waste and the amounts of contained radioactive materials to be produced at the power plants may be small in comparison to that produced at the fuel reprocessing plants. The distribution pattern of waste production will probably be different if liquid-fuel or homogeneous reactors should be built rather than solid-fuel reactors. The successful development of the homogeneous reactor may imply a more widespread production of high level wastes than would result from a nuclear power economy based on solid-fuel reactors. Tank storage is the basic method for high-level waste disposal at major operating sites.
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - CLEANUP of radioactive waste sites
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering -- Safety measures
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - RADIOACTIVE pollution
KW  - REACTOR fuel reprocessing -- Waste disposal
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 21386386; de Laguna, Wallace 1; Affiliations: 1 : Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1959, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject Term: CLEANUP of radioactive waste sites; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering -- Safety measures; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE pollution; Subject Term: REACTOR fuel reprocessing -- Waste disposal; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Some Thoughts on Reactors.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/03//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
EP  - 137
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on issues and topics discussed during the International Conference for the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapons Tests in Geneva, Switzerland in 1958. According to some attendees, the event was really many separate scientific conferences. Of the several conferences, two of them drew large attendance including a conference on fusion reactors and a conference on fission reactors. The fission reactor conference consisted mainly of a series of recitals of the experiences which the world has had with its many power reactors. A general classification or taxonomy of reactors is provided in the discussion of the power reactor situation throughout the world.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - FORUMS (Discussion & debate)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - INTERNATIONAL cooperation
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - GENEVA (Switzerland)
KW  - SWITZERLAND
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
N1  - Accession Number: 21386427; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Mar1959, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p132; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: FORUMS (Discussion & debate); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL cooperation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject: GENEVA (Switzerland); Subject: SWITZERLAND; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brues, Austin M.
T1  - Nine Who Survived Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 173
EP  - 173
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Nine Who Survived Hiroshima and Nagasaki," by Robert Trumbull.
KW  - ATOMIC bomb victims
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - TRUMBULL, Robert
KW  - NINE Who Survived Hiroshima & Nagasaki (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21386446; Brues, Austin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Division of Biological and Medical  Research, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Apr1959, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p173; Subject Term: ATOMIC bomb victims; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schubert, Jack
T1  - Fetal Irradiation and Fallout.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 256
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article examines the fetal irradiation and radioactive fallout, performed at the Argonne National Laboratory under the auspices of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. According to the author, recent surveys on the carcinogenic effects of unusually small amounts of irradiation to the human fetus during diagnostic X-ray pelvimetry of the mother make it possible to calculate that present levels of fallout may cause an increase the number of deaths from all types of cancer occurring in children in the 0-10 year age group. Discussions about the basis of the surveys and their implications for planning experiments and further interest to investigate other consequences of fetal irradiation are presented.
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - RADIOACTIVE fallout
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - ATOMIC bomb
KW  - RADIOACTIVE pollution
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Test Ban
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 21386486; Schubert, Jack 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jun1959, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p253; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE fallout; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: ATOMIC bomb; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE pollution; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test Ban; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haber, Alan H.
T1  - Rendering the Germination of Light-Insensitive Lettuce Seeds Sensitive to Light.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1959/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 456
EP  - 464
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - New York lettuce seed germinate equally well irrespective of the light conditions at 21-22°. When seeds were damaged by X irradiation, freezing  during imbibition or germination in mannitol or 2,4- dinitrophenol, their germination was more reduced under far-red than under white light. the photosensitivity induced by each of the four agents appeared to be  of the well known red, far-red photoreversible type present in varieties of lettuce seed normally photosensitive. These findings have possible implication both for studies of photocontrol of seed germination and for studies of interactions between far-red and X radiation in the  production of aberrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Germination
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Lettuce
KW  - Seeds -- Viability
KW  - Photosensitivity disorders
N1  - Accession Number: 16122204; Haber, Alan H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennesse, U.S.A.; Issue Info: 1959, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p456; Thesaurus Term: Germination; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Lettuce; Subject Term: Seeds -- Viability; Subject Term: Photosensitivity disorders; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111219 Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep16122204
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morgan, Karl Z.
T1  - Human Exposure to Radiation.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/11//
VL  - 15
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 384
EP  - 389
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article discusses the effects of ionizing radiation exposure on health in the U.S. To determine the level of exposure and its effects on human, men who have been exposed to such radiations have been studied. Studies indicated that there are two types of radiation damages including radiation sickness and genetic damage. To obtain health safety especially for occupational workers, both the International Commission on Radiological Protection and the National Committee on Radiation Protection recommended levels of permissible exposure to ionizing radiation.
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - RADIATION exposure
KW  - HUMAN beings
KW  - RADIATION -- Safety measures
KW  - RADIATION injuries
KW  - GENETIC disorders
KW  - INDUSTRIAL hygiene
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - INTERNATIONAL Commission on Radiological Protection
N1  - Accession Number: 21385954; Morgan, Karl Z. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director of the Health Physics Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Nov1959, Vol. 15 Issue 9, p384; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: RADIATION exposure; Subject Term: HUMAN beings; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Safety measures; Subject Term: RADIATION injuries; Subject Term: GENETIC disorders; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL hygiene; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 1 Graph, 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Allaying Suspicions of Test Ban Controls.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 426
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The author comments on the technical reappraisal agreed by Soviet Union for the creation of the policy for underground testing. The proposals made by U.S. Senator Hubert H. Humphrey and other similar plans remain of interest to the country because the basic problem of allaying Soviet suspicions of a practical inspection plan favors the U.S. It is much better if the Soviets will agree to send enough inspection trips to prevent similar complications. In addition, the Soviets are suspecting foreign inspectors because they fear that a great number of trips directed by predominantly foreign teams could effectively pry into geographic state secrets such as military, industrial, and penal installations.
KW  - UNDERGROUND nuclear explosions
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing
KW  - GOVERNMENT policy
KW  - MILITARY bases
KW  - INDUSTRIAL districts
KW  - CORRECTIONAL institutions
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - SOVIET Union
KW  - Test Ban
KW  - HUMPHREY, Hubert H. (Hubert Horatio), 1911-1978
N1  - Accession Number: 21385980; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Dec1959, Vol. 15 Issue 10, p425; Subject Term: UNDERGROUND nuclear explosions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing; Subject Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Subject Term: MILITARY bases; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL districts; Subject Term: CORRECTIONAL institutions; Subject: UNITED States; Subject: SOVIET Union; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test Ban; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haber, Alan H.
AU  - Luippold, Helen J.
T1  - Action of 6 - (Substituted) Purines on Mitotic Activity in "Dormant" Lettuce Seeds.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1960/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 298
EP  - 307
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - This article reports that although kinetin has diverse effects on plant growth, it has probably attracted greatest attention as a cell division factor. Investigations of the action of kinetin in cell division have proceeded along two lines — comparisons of the chemical structure of kinetin analogs with their biological activity and cytological examinations of kinetin-treated tissues. Experiments in which the first approach was used have suggested that the function of the side chain substituted in the 6-amino group of adenine is to endow adenine with the right physical properties to reach some critical spot within the cell.
KW  - Plant regulators
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Cell division (Biology)
KW  - Plant cells & tissues
KW  - Adenine
KW  - Cytology
N1  - Accession Number: 15790597; Haber, Alan H. 1; Luippold, Helen J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee Operated by Union Carbide Corporation for the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.; Issue Info: 1960, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p298; Thesaurus Term: Plant regulators; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Cell division (Biology); Subject Term: Plant cells & tissues; Subject Term: Adenine; Subject Term: Cytology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep15790597
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2006-06012-016
AN  - 2006-06012-016
AU  - Quastler, Henry
T1  - The New Tool.
JF  - Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books
JO  - Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books
Y1  - 1960/07//
VL  - 5
IS  - 7
SP  - 233
EP  - 233
CY  - US
PB  - American Psychological Association
SN  - 0010-7549
N1  - Accession Number: 2006-06012-016. Other Journal Title: PsycCRITIQUES. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Quastler, Henry; Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, NY, US. Release Date: 20061023. Publication Type: Electronic Collection (0500). Format Covered: Electronic. Document Type: Review-Book. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Concepts; Information Theory; Mathematics; Professional Standards. Minor Descriptor: Experimental Psychologists. Classification: Cognitive Processes (2340). Population: Human (10). Reviewed Item: Attneave, Fred. Applications of Informative Theory to Psychology: A Summary of Basic Concepts, Methods, and Results=New York: Henry Holt, 1959. Pp. viii + 120. $3.75; 1959. Page Count: 1. Issue Publication Date: Jul, 1960. 
KW  - information theory
KW  - mathematical functions
KW  - psychology
KW  - 1960
KW  - Concepts
KW  - Information Theory
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Professional Standards
KW  - Experimental Psychologists
U2  - Attneave, Fred. (1959); Applications of Informative Theory to Psychology: A Summary of Basic Concepts, Methods, and Results; New York: Henry Holt, 1959. Pp. viii + 120. $3.75
DO  - 10.1037/006334
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - pvh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davidon, William
T1  - Nuclear Weapons Test Ban Negotiations.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1960/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
EP  - 335
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on the negotiators from the U.S., Great Britain and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as they agreed on the 17 articles of a draft treaty for an inspection ban on nuclear weapons tests. The articles would provide for discontinuance of nuclear weapons tests conducted directly or through any other country. One of three proposed annexes to the treaty has been adopted. The annex establishes a preparatory commission consisting of one representative from each of the original parties to the treaty. There are several articles and annexes which will be discussed when the talks are resumed which were all proposed by the U.S. The Soviet Union has made counterproposals to some of these.
KW  - TREATIES
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - NUCLEAR warfare
KW  - AIR defenses
KW  - SOVIET Union
KW  - GREAT Britain
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 21386512; Davidon, William 1; Affiliations: 1 : Associate Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Oct1960, Vol. 16 Issue 8, p334; Subject Term: TREATIES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: NUCLEAR warfare; Subject Term: AIR defenses; Subject: SOVIET Union; Subject: GREAT Britain; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
AU  - Wigner, Eugene P.
T1  - Longer Range View of Nuclear Energy.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1960/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 400
EP  - 403
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article discusses the significance of developing nuclear energy in the U.S. and the excellent nuclear reactor to be used in the technology. The authors examine the properties of breeder and burner reactors, and consider the supply of uranium available with the future energy requirements. Moreover, they suggest some factors that are necessary in developing the nuclear energy such as the search for a practical breeder reactor, improvement of the conversion ratio of burners, and the long-term waste disposal problem.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - BREEDER reactors
KW  - URANIUM isotopes
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ENERGY development
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 21403575; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Wigner, Eugene P. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2 : Professor, Mathematical Physics, Palmer Physical Laboratory, Princeton University;  Source Info: Dec1960, Vol. 16 Issue 10, p400; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: BREEDER reactors; Subject Term: URANIUM isotopes; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: ENERGY development; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinrad, Bernard I.
T1  - Central Station Nuclear Reactors.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1960/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 408
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on the major developments in the establishment of central station nuclear reactors in the U.S. that can achieve economies in the cost of capital equipment required in supporting the nuclear chain reaction. It provides detailed information on the different types of reactors being developed such as the pressurized water reactors, heavy water reactors, and the light water moderated super-heat reactors. Furthermore, a table is provided to differentiate the fixed capital charges, the operating costs, and the fuel cycle costs of each type of reactors.
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - HEAVY water reactors
KW  - LIGHT water reactors
KW  - SUPERHEATING reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - OPERATING costs
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 21403576; Spinrad, Bernard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Reactor Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Dec1960, Vol. 16 Issue 10, p403; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: HEAVY water reactors; Subject Term: LIGHT water reactors; Subject Term: SUPERHEATING reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: OPERATING costs; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hollingsworth, J. W.
AU  - Ishii, Goro
AU  - Conard, R. A.
T1  - Skin aging and hair graying in Hiroshima.
JO  - Geriatrics
JF  - Geriatrics
Y1  - 1961/01//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 37
SN  - 0016867X
N1  - Accession Number: 17810189; Hollingsworth, J. W. 1; Ishii, Goro 2; Conard, R. A. 3; Source Information: Jan1961, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p27; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 7 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4679
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamermesh, Morton
T1  - The Soviet Cultural Offensive.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1961/02//
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 76
EP  - 77
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Soviet Cultural Offensive," by Frederick C. Barghoorn.
KW  - CULTURAL relations
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - BARGHOORN, Frederick C.
KW  - SOVIET Cultural Offensive, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21403622; Hamermesh, Morton 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Feb1961, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p76; Subject Term: CULTURAL relations; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamermesh, Morton
T1  - Russian Science in the 21st Century.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1961/02//
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 77
EP  - 77
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Russian Science in the 21st Century," edited by Sergei Gouschev and Mikhail Vassiliev.
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GOUSCHEV, Sergei
KW  - VASSILIEV, Mikhail
KW  - RUSSIAN Science in the 21st Century (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21403623; Hamermesh, Morton 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Feb1961, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p77; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/7p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamermesh, Morton
T1  - Soviet Policy Towards International Control of Atomic Energy.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1961/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 437
EP  - 437
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Soviet Policy Towards International Control of Atomic Energy," by Joseph L. Nogee.
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - NOGEE, Joseph L.
KW  - SOVIET Policy Towards International Control of Atomic Energy (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21403729; Hamermesh, Morton 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory Lemont, Illinois;  Source Info: Dec1961, Vol. 17 Issue 10, p437; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Posner, Herbert B.
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Aseptic Production, Collection and Germination of Seeds of Lemna perpusilla 6746.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1962/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 700
EP  - 708
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Studies the factors involved in the aseptic production, collection and germination of seeds of Lemna perpusilla. Mechanism of normal pollination in Lemna; Effects of agitation of flowering cultures on seed production; Influence of dark pretreatment on germination under continuous light.
KW  - Lemna
KW  - Germination
KW  - Pollination
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Seeds -- Viability
N1  - Accession Number: 17137730; Posner, Herbert B. 1; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York; Issue Info: 1962, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p700; Thesaurus Term: Lemna; Thesaurus Term: Germination; Thesaurus Term: Pollination; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Seeds -- Viability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115112 Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep17137730
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - von Laue, Theodore H.
AU  - Jones, Harry W.
AU  - Singer, J. David
AU  - Inglis, David R.
AU  - Levine, Robert A.
AU  - Ostow, Mortimer
AU  - Nieburg, Harold L.
AU  - Alcock, Norman
AU  - Nordness, Nedville E.
T1  - RADIATION STANDARDS.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1963/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Excerpt
SP  - 37
EP  - 40
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Several excerpts are presented including the initial injection of the iodine-131 into the stratosphere as a result of the nuclear weapons testing, biological effects of the nuclear weapons to the public health, and the accurate and complete data of the people predicted to have levels of strontium-90 in the body from the past weapons tests during the Research, Development, and Radiation of the congressional Joint Committee on Atomic Energy on June 4-7, 1962.
KW  - IODINE
KW  - STRATOSPHERE
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR warfare
N1  - Accession Number: 21410312; von Laue, Theodore H. 1; Jones, Harry W. 2; Singer, J. David 3; Inglis, David R. 4; Levine, Robert A. 5; Ostow, Mortimer 6; Nieburg, Harold L. 7; Alcock, Norman; Nordness, Nedville E.; Affiliations: 1 : Professor of modern European and Russian history at the University of California (Riverside); 2 : Professor of jurisprudence at Columbia University; 3 : Mental Health Research Institute of the University of Michigan; 4 : Theory of nuclear structure at Argonne National Laboratory; 5 : Harvard University Center for International Affairs; 6 : Assosociate attending psychiatrist at Montefiore Hospital; 7 : Assistant professor of political science at the Case Institute, Cleveland;  Source Info: Jan1963, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: IODINE; Subject Term: STRATOSPHERE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR warfare; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Excerpt
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Walsh, William T.
AU  - Reed, Thomas B.
AU  - Fitch, Frank W.
AU  - Anders, Edward
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1963/06//
VL  - 208
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 10
EP  - 12
SN  - 00368733
AB  - Several letters to the editor in response to articles in previous issues including "Problem-Solving", in the April 1963 issue, "Ball Lightning," by Harold W. Lewis in the March 1963 issue, and "Organic Matter From Space," by Brian Mason in the March 1963 issue are presented.
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Psychology
KW  - Problem solving
KW  - Ball lightning
N1  - Accession Number: 19881713; Walsh, William T. 1; Reed, Thomas B. 2; Fitch, Frank W. 3; Anders, Edward 3; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; 2: Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, Mass.; 3: University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.; Issue Info: Jun1963, Vol. 208 Issue 6, p10; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Psychology; Subject Term: Problem solving; Subject Term: Ball lightning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Witkamp, Martin
AU  - Olson, Jerry S.
T1  - BREAKDOWN OF CONFINED AND NONCONFINED OAK LITTER.
JO  - Oikos
JF  - Oikos
Y1  - 1963/07//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 138
EP  - 147
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00301299
AB  - The article focuses on the breakdown of confined and non-confined oak litter. Several methods have been used to estimate rates of breakdown of dead organic matter. This breakdown is an important process for maintaining cycles of nutrients in ecological systems. Rates of breakdown of forest litter influence the rates at which nutrient elements in litter become available for renewed uptake by the vegetation and the amounts of litter and thus of nutrients which accumulate in the forest floor. The rates of breakdown of leaf litter have been estimated from weight loss of leaves in mesh bags, and of leaves that were not confined. The article introduces a new method to recover specific leaves, which are not confined, except by strings attached to petioles. Comparing results from this method with those from bagged leaves in the same forests helps to interpret both the process of breakdown and the methods of investigating it. Confinement of litter in bags allows observation of known amounts of leaves of known history and recovery of all material except for some of the fragments smaller than the mesh size and dissolved matter removed by gravity, water, or soil fauna.
KW  - Litter (Trash)
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Humus
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Plant communities
KW  - Oak
N1  - Accession Number: 17764207; Witkamp, Martin 1; Olson, Jerry S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Radiation Ecology Section, Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: 1963, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p138; Thesaurus Term: Litter (Trash); Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Humus; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Plant communities; Subject Term: Oak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Fenn, Wallace O.
AU  - Freese, Leonard R.
AU  - Fuccillo, Jr., D. A.
AU  - Highnam, K. C.
T1  - MEETINGS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1964/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 32
EP  - 35
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article offers information on several conferences related to the field of biosciences, held during 1963 in the U.S. The Interdisciplinary Conference Program of the American Institute of Biological Sciences Inc. held a conference on minimum ecological systems for man. The American Association for the Advancement of Science held its fourteenth annual science conference. The second symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London discussed the papers on insect reproduction.
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Life sciences -- Congresses
KW  - Insect reproduction -- Congresses
KW  - Science -- Congresses
KW  - American Institute of Biological Sciences -- Congresses
N1  - Accession Number: 31966163; Fenn, Wallace O. 1; Freese, Leonard R.; Fuccillo, Jr., D. A. 2; Highnam, K. C. 3; Affiliations: 1 : University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.; 2 : Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; 3 : Zoology Department, The University, Sheffield, England.;  Source Info: Jan1964, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p32; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Life sciences -- Congresses; Subject Term: Insect reproduction -- Congresses; Subject Term: Science -- Congresses; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuccillo, Jr., Domenic A.
T1  - A Survey of Services Offered Authors.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1964/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 24
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article offers information on a survey on the services provided by editors to help authors prepare manuscripts done by the U.S. Conference of Biological Editors through its Committee on Graduate Training. It states that the study was designed to gather information that may be useful to graduate students in biology and other authors submitting manuscripts as well as editors interested in services offered by their colleagues. As per the survey, 77 out of the 87 respondents edit papers for open literature, about a third of editorial staffs are equipped to help authors prepare illustrations and copy for reproduction, and most editorial staffs serve more than 20 authors a year. It presents tables depicting the results of the survey such as duties and action profile of editorial staffs.
KW  - Manuscripts -- Editing
KW  - Biology publishing
KW  - Editors
KW  - Scientists' writings
KW  - Science writers
KW  - Scientific literature
KW  - Graduate students
KW  - Science publishing
N1  - Accession Number: 31966222; Fuccillo, Jr., Domenic A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.;  Source Info: Feb1964, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p23; Subject Term: Manuscripts -- Editing; Subject Term: Biology publishing; Subject Term: Editors; Subject Term: Scientists' writings; Subject Term: Science writers; Subject Term: Scientific literature; Subject Term: Graduate students; Subject Term: Science publishing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson, Jerry S.
T1  - GROSS AND NET PRODUCTION OF TERRESTRIAL VEGETATION.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1964/03/02/Mar1964 Supplement
VL  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
EP  - 118
SN  - 00220477
AB  - This article focuses on the gross and net production of terrestrial vegetation in Great Britain. It presents a mathematical analysis that indicates photosynthetic rates per day through the use of analog computer methods illustrated in this research. According to the article, this analysis should help integrate the accumulations which should result from measured or hypothetical rates of income and loss. The methods used may also suggest how rapidly a given model ecosystem may restore itself towards a steady state following a specified kind of disturbance.
KW  - Vegetation dynamics
KW  - Vegetation management
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Mathematical analysis
KW  - Income
KW  - Finance
N1  - Accession Number: 32854475; Olson, Jerry S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee;  Source Info: Mar1964 Supplement, Vol. 52, p99; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation management; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Mathematical analysis; Subject Term: Income; Subject Term: Finance; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanford, George S.
T1  - CIVIL DEFENSE AGAIN.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1964/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 35
EP  - 36
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Strategy for Survival," by Thomas L. Martin, Jr. and Donald C. Latham.
KW  - CIVIL defense
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MARTIN, Thomas L.
KW  - LATHAM, Donald C.
KW  - STRATEGY for Survival (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21498942; Stanford, George S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Nuclear Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Apr1964, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p35; Subject Term: CIVIL defense; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cudkowicz, G.
AU  - Stimpfling, J. H.
T1  - Deficient Growth of C57BL Marrow Cells Transplanted in F1 Hybrid Mice.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1964/05//
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 306
SN  - 00192805
AB  - The ability of C57BL, C3H, and A strain marrow cells to proliferate on transplantation into irradiated isogenic, F1 hybrid, and backcross progeny mice has been investigated by the spleen-colony technique and by measuring the newly-formed DNA in the recipient spleen with [131I] 5-iododeoxyuridine. Transplants of C57BL cells grew poorly in (A × C57BL) F1 and in (C57BL × C3H) F1 and reciprocal hybrids, as compared with isogenic and allogeneic hosts, whereas C3H and A strain marrow grafts were successful in isogenic, F1 hybrid and backcross recipients. In segregating backcross progeny, i.e. in offspring from F1 hybrid females mated to C57BL males, the frequency of success or failure of the C57BL grafts suggested that the trait was controlled by a single pair of genetic determinants at an autosomal locus. The latter is apparently linked with, or part of, the H-2 region in the IXth linkage group. The experimental evidence suggested also that the failure of C57BL haemopoietic cell grafts in H-2 heterozygotes was not related to exhaustion of donor cells by excess of recipient isoantigen but rather to lack of expression in the heterozygotes of histocompatibility-related growth requirements yet undefined. These requirements are specific for haemopoietic cells, but not for skin grafts, and resulted most probably from the effect of genetic (inter-allelic) interaction involving H-2 or an H-2-linked locus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BONE marrow cells
KW  - TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.
KW  - MICE
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13274374; Cudkowicz, G. 1; Stimpfling, J. H. 2; Source Information: May64, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p291; Subject: BONE marrow cells; Subject: TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.; Subject: MICE; Subject: DNA; Subject: GENETICS; Subject: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Bormann, F. H.
T1  - ACQUISITION OF NATURAL AREAS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1964/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 59
EP  - 59
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented regarding the responsibility of biologists and biological departments of various colleges and universities to protection of natural areas.
KW  - Natural areas
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 31970298; Bormann, F. H. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Visiting Scientist, Brookhaven National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Jun1964, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p59; Thesaurus Term: Natural areas; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palmedo, Philip F.
T1  - THE DEBATE ON THE "FORCE DE FRAPPE" TAKES SHAPE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1964/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 30
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on the debate regarding the French nuclear policy in Paris, France. The two publications "La Force de Frappe," and "La Force de Frappe et le Citoyen," are made to present some of the technical, strategic and economic information necessary to appraise the question. "La force de Frappe et le Citoyen," has the advantage of being more consistent and logically direct and thus the more persuasive. The opinion is expressed that as far as the purely military, big-power effectiveness of the force de frappe is concerned, it will always be decisively conditioned by its being several years behind the latest weaponry. The only weapon system that can be afforded is that which, in the big power arena, has found its defense.
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - PUBLICATIONS
KW  - ARMED Forces
KW  - MILITARY art & science
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - DISARMAMENT
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - PARIS (France)
KW  - FRANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 21498973; Palmedo, Philip F. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York;  Source Info: Jun1964, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p29; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: PUBLICATIONS; Subject Term: ARMED Forces; Subject Term: MILITARY art & science; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: DISARMAMENT; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject: PARIS (France); Subject: FRANCE; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mcilrath, Wayne J.
AU  - Skok, John
T1  - Distribution of Boron in the Tobacco Plant.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1964/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 839
EP  - 845
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - A detailed examination was made of the accumulation of boron ill several organs and tissues of tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. var. One Sucker. Of the various vegetative organs, leaves were found to accumulate the greatest concentrations of boron. The lower, older leaves had significantly higher concentrations than did the upper, younger leaves. There was a differential in accumulation among various regions of a given leaf with the apical, marginal portion containing the highest and the midrib the lowest concentration of boron. In contrast with leaves the lower internodes of the stem contained the lowest concentrations of boron. In a given internodal region of the stem the highest boron concentration was found in the outer chlorophyllous cells of the cortex and the lowest in the xylem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Boron
KW  - Nonmetals
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Plant stems
KW  - Plant anatomy
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Plant cells & tissues
N1  - Accession Number: 16125591; Mcilrath, Wayne J. 1,2; Skok, John 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Botany, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; 2: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60440; Issue Info: 1964, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p839; Thesaurus Term: Boron; Thesaurus Term: Nonmetals; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Plant stems; Thesaurus Term: Plant anatomy; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Tobacco; Subject Term: Plant cells & tissues; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424940 Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111910 Tobacco Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453991 Tobacco Stores; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep16125591
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mota, I.
T1  - The Mechanism of Anaphylaxis I. PRODUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF 'MAST CELL SENSITIZING' ANTIBODY.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1964/11//
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 699
SN  - 00192805
AB  - In addition to the usual serum precipitating antibody, immunized rats produce a thermolabile antibody that is able to sensitize mast ceils and cause damage to these cells on reacting with the specific antigen. Due to this property this antibody is called ‘mast cell sensitizing’ antibody (MCSAb). Like human reagins, it is destroyed by beating at 56° and when injected into homologous skin will remain at the site of injection for as long as 1 month. In contrast, the antibody disappears very quickly from serum when injected into recipient rats. Although its production can be induced in various ways, the administration of Bordetella pertussis organisms along with the antigen is particularly effective. MCSAb seems to be the product of a primary response, since its production is prevented or very much reduced by previous or additional contacts with antigen. The mechanism of passive sensitization of mast cells with MCSAb was studied by incubating pieces of rat mesentery with antigen in vitro, using antigen-induced mast cell damage or histamine release as a measure of sensitization. Sensitization increases with time of contact between cells and antibody and can attain a maximum within the first few minutes depending upon antibody concentration. Sensitizations at 37° and 4° proceed at about the same speed. Nonspecific γ-globulin inhibits sensitization with MCSAb when used in large amounts. Rabbit, rat, human and bovine γ-globulin slowed down sensitization, whereas horse γ-globulin was without effect. Sensitization with MCSAb can be completely reversed by washing the sensitized mesentery in Tyrode's solution. The time required to remove MCSAb by washing was inversely proportional to the time of contact between cells and antiserum during sensitization. Anaphylactic phenomena induced with MCSAb seem to be primarily due to histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine release. The possibility of a relationship between the methods of immunization leading to the production of mast cell sensitizing antibody and the establishment of a delayed hypersensitivity is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANAPHYLAXIS
KW  - MAST cells
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - BORDETELLA pertussis
KW  - GLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 13124832; Mota, I. 1,2; Source Information: Nov64, Vol. 7 Issue 6, p681; Subject: ANAPHYLAXIS; Subject: MAST cells; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject: ANTIGENS; Subject: BORDETELLA pertussis; Subject: GLOBULINS; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mota, I.
T1  - The Mechanism of Anaphylaxis II. THE ROLE OF 'MAST CELL SENSITIZING' ANTIBODY AND DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY IN RAT ANAPHYLAXIS.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1964/11//
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 700
EP  - 706
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Both immediate and delayed cutaneous reactions were found to be present in rats actively sensitized by the injection of antigen plus Bordetella pertussis organisms. Delayed hypersensitivity, preceded the appearance of ‘mast cell sensitizing’ antibody (MCSAb) in those animals which were only fully susceptible to anaphylaxis when both delayed and immediate reactions had reached their maximum. Passive anaphylaxis with MCSAb was fatal only when transferred to actively sensitized rats at a time when the animals had delayed cutaneous reactions but were not yet fully susceptible to anaphylaxis. It is suggested that anaphylaxis in rats is due to an additive or synergistic effect between immediate and delayed hypersensitivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANAPHYLAXIS
KW  - MAST cells
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - BORDETELLA pertussis
KW  - ALLERGY
KW  - RATS
N1  - Accession Number: 13124859; Mota, I. 1,2; Source Information: Nov64, Vol. 7 Issue 6, p700; Subject: ANAPHYLAXIS; Subject: MAST cells; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject: BORDETELLA pertussis; Subject: ALLERGY; Subject: RATS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - George, Ricahard
T1  - TABULAR INPUT OF DATA.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1965/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
EP  - 182
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article presents the author's comments on a technique of programming that involves inputting both symbolic variable names and their numerical values at run time with the machine itself. The technique is crucial to improve the logistics of information processing. The author also discussed the use of BCD identifiers on possible implementation and drafting of computer programs in machine language.
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - INFORMATION processing
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - EDITORIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 17834492; George, Ricahard 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: Mar1965, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p182; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION processing; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION science; Thesaurus Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: EDITORIALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519110 News Syndicates; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 7/8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Powell, C.
AU  - Albert, Lionel
AU  - Kelley, Thomas B.
AU  - Swarztrauber, Paul N.
AU  - King, Richard
T1  - Letters to the Editor.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1965/04//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 201
EP  - 220
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "A Candidate for the Simplest Uncomputable Function," published in a 1965 issue, "More on Rounding in Commercial Applications," published in a 1965 issue, and "On the Double-Precision Square Root Routine" also published in the 1965 issue.
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - SQUARE root
KW  - NUMERICAL roots
N1  - Accession Number: 17834647; Powell, C. 1; Albert, Lionel 2; Kelley, Thomas B.; Swarztrauber, Paul N. 3; King, Richard 4; Affiliations: 1: Richfield Oil Corporation, California; 2: Saskatchewan Power Corporation, Canada; 3: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Colorado; 4: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Issue Info: Apr1965, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p201; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: SQUARE root; Subject Term: NUMERICAL roots; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Phytochrome Conversion by Brief Illumination and the Subsequent Elongation of Etiolated Pisum Stem Segments.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1965/04//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 346
EP  - 358
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Using photostationary state filters to obtain reproducible phytochrome conversions of from 5 to 100 % PFR assayed by two-wavelength in vivo spectrophotometry, relationships between initial per cent Pin and elongation of pea stem segments over the succeeding 20 hours in darkness were studied. With material grown in total darkness, all PFR levels inhibit, and maximal inhibition requires 40 to 60 % PFR. When the segments were cut from plants given 15 minutes of red light 8 to 12 hours before the experiment, conditions initially establishing 5 to 20% PFR promote subsequent elongation, and only more than 20 % PFR inhibits. This suggests that the level of PFR in such segments is initially higher than 20 %. However, direct assays of the tissues used, confirming earlier time-course studies on both intact and excised tissues, indicate that spectrophotometrically-detectable phytochrome is all in the PR form by 8 hours alter a red illumination. The implications of this and other observations for attempts to relate physiological events and spectrophotometrically-assayable phytochrome are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Analytical chemistry
KW  - Pisum
KW  - Organs (Anatomy)
KW  - Preservation of organs, tissues, etc.
KW  - Tissues
KW  - Astronomical photometry
KW  - Surgery
N1  - Accession Number: 15776541; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Issue Info: 1965, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p346; Thesaurus Term: Analytical chemistry; Subject Term: Pisum; Subject Term: Organs (Anatomy); Subject Term: Preservation of organs, tissues, etc.; Subject Term: Tissues; Subject Term: Astronomical photometry; Subject Term: Surgery; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep15776541
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1965/04//
VL  - 212
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 00368733
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to a previously published article by John E. Ullman about civil defense.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Civil defense
N1  - Accession Number: 23103467; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Issue Info: Apr1965, Vol. 212 Issue 4, p6; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Civil defense; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haber, Alan H.
AU  - Beidleman, Richard G.
AU  - Tall, Benita
T1  - MEETINGS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1965/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
EP  - 430
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article focuses on several meetings related to biological sciences. The Southern Section of the American Society of Plant Physiologists held its 21st annual meeting with the Association of Southern Agricultural Workers at Dallas, Texas in February 1965. In the meeting, Burlyn E. Michel of the University of Georgia presided over the symposium on the water economy of plants. Colorado College held a symposium on "The New Science" in January 1965. It highlighted some of the modern advances of biology and the implications of these advances for man. The symposium's program subject matter included photosynthesis, science fiction literature, DNA and isozymes. The 1965 meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists will be held at the Fort Garry Hotel, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
KW  - Life sciences
KW  - Biology
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Meetings
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - DNA
KW  - Dallas (Tex.)
KW  - Texas
KW  - Michel, Burlyn E.
N1  - Accession Number: 31960866; Haber, Alan H. 1; Beidleman, Richard G. 2; Tall, Benita; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; 2 : Professor of Zoology, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colo.;  Source Info: Jun1965, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p427; Thesaurus Term: Life sciences; Thesaurus Term: Biology; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Meetings; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: DNA; Subject: Dallas (Tex.); Subject: Texas; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodwell, George M.
T1  - MAN AND NATURE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1965/06//
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 54
EP  - 55
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Man and Nature in America," by Arthur A. Ekirch.
KW  - HUMAN ecology
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - EKIRCH, Arthur A.
KW  - MAN & Nature in America (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21499156; Woodwell, George M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Ecologist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island;  Source Info: Jun1965, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p54; Subject Term: HUMAN ecology; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - The region-by-region system of inspiration and disarmament.
JO  - Journal of Conflict Resolution
JF  - Journal of Conflict Resolution
Y1  - 1965/06//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 00220027
AB  - This article discusses various issues related to the region-by-region system of inspection and disarmament. In discussing systems of inspection, one must take care not to make a fetish of inspection as an end in itself. In a program of arms development control or of disarmament, inspection may be a useful means to two ends: discouraging evasion of the terms of agreement and providing assurance to each side that the other side is not gaining an advantage by evasion. Inspection may thus be the basis of far-reaching mutual restraint between suspicious adversaries. A program of arms reduction leading definitely to an advanced degree of disarmament without increase of risk to either side can provide substantial incentives. The region-by-region plan provides a reasonable way in which rational yet suspicious adversaries should be able to agree on disarmament without undue risk, if only it can be incorporated in a plan leading in a well-defined manner to a stage of disarmament clearly beneficial to all parties, so as to provide the necessary incentive to get started.
KW  - CONFLICT management
KW  - DISARMAMENT verification
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
N1  - Accession Number: 4563263; Inglis, David R. 1; Source Information: Jun65, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p187; Subject: CONFLICT management; Subject: DISARMAMENT verification; Subject: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject: ARMS control; Subject: ARMS race; Subject: INTERNATIONAL relations; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thacher, Jr., Henry C.
AU  - Graham, R. M.
T1  - Solution of Transcendental Equations by Series Reversion.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/01//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 11
SN  - 00010782
AB  - An algorithm is developed for expressing the solution Y, of the equation F(Y) G(X) as a power series in (X - Xa) when f and g are given as power series, and the root, Y0, is known at Y = X0  The algorithm is illustrated for the equation YY = X, i.e., (1+Y) In (1+y) = In (1+x). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - POWER series
KW  - TRANSCENDENTAL functions
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - NUMERICAL roots
N1  - Accession Number: 5225158; Thacher, Jr., Henry C. 1; Graham, R. M.; Affiliations: 1: Argonne, National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: Jan1966, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p10; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: POWER series; Subject Term: TRANSCENDENTAL functions; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: NUMERICAL roots; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thacher, Henry C.
T1  - Algorithms.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/01//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 12
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article provides information on different algorithms. Some of them mentioned are Algorithm 273, Algorithm 274 and Algorithm 56. Algorithm 56 was run on a UNIVAC 1107 using the UNIVAC 1107 ALGOL 60 compiler. The single-precision floating-point arithmetic of this translator carries eight significant digits.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - ALGOL (Computer program language)
N1  - Accession Number: 5225160; Thacher, Henry C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: Jan1966, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p11; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: ALGOL (Computer program language); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Blizard, E P
T1  - Toward national information networks. 3. indexing physics papers
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1966/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
SN  - 00319228
AB  - The accessibility of physics information depends on indexing. A single indexing system would make for greater efficiency and convenience. To remain useful and viable, an index needs regular revision by scientists themselves. Keeping in sight the desirability of achieving compatibility with systems in other fields, each field could begin with a system integral in itself and of immediate applicability. Uniformity could develop as various systems copy the better features developed by other systems. It is suggested that eventually agreed index terms will be appended to all journal articles, that there will be provision for completeness and currency of terms, and that authors, journal editors, and referees will have important contributions to make so that the system operates efficiently and is consistent.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0100459; Blizard, E P 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: January 1966, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p54; Note: Update Code: 0100; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Binnington, John P
T1  - Soviet information experts tour united states information facilities
JO  - Special Libraries
JF  - Special Libraries
Y1  - 1966/03//
VL  - 57
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
EP  - 196
SN  - 00386723
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0200035; Binnington, John P 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.y.;  Source Info: March 1966, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p194; Note: Update Code: 0200; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinrad, Bernard I.
T1  - WHY NOT NATIONAL LABORATORIES?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 23
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on the impact of laboratories in the progress of the atomic bomb program in the U.S. Scientists at their respective laboratories dominate in boosting the cooperative effort of the military and scientific community. In time with the conception of the Atomic Energy Commission, discussions were made concentrating on usage of the bomb project towards the arts of peace. The output of the laboratories are expected to cover three fields including pure science, applied science and continued weapons research and development.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - ATOMIC bomb
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - MILITARY art & science
KW  - SCIENTIFIC community
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
N1  - Accession Number: 21499266; Spinrad, Bernard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist in the Reactor Physics Division of Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Apr1966, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p20; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: ATOMIC bomb; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: MILITARY art & science; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC community; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higinbotham, William A.
T1  - A PERIL, A HOPE, AND A MOVEMENT.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 34
EP  - 37
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews several books related to science and technology including "A Peril and a Hope: The Scientists' Movement in America, 1945-47," by Alice Kimball Smith, "The Decision to Drop the Bomb: A Political History," by Len Giovannitti and Fred Freed and "Atomic Diplomacy: Hiroshima and Potsdam," by Gar Alperovitz.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SMITH, Alice Kimball
KW  - GIOVANNITTI, Len
KW  - FREED, Fred
KW  - ALPEROVITZ, Gar
KW  - PERIL & a Hope: The Scientists' Movement in America 1945-1947, A (Book)
KW  - DECISION to Drop the Bomb: A Political History, The (Book)
KW  - ATOMIC Diplomacy: Hiroshima & Potsdam (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21499276; Higinbotham, William A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: Apr1966, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p34; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Royston, R. J.
AU  - Gregory, J.
T1  - A Method for Finding the Least Squares Estimate of the Intersection of Two Helices in Space.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/04//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 280
EP  - 284
SN  - 00010782
AB  - When the helical trajectories of two charged particles moving away from a common point in a magnetic field are reconstructed from measurements on the tracks, the reconstructed tracks are perturbed by measurement and other errors and do not, in general, intersect. A method is given for adjusting the reconstructed tracks in a least squares manner so that they do intersect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - METHODOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 5230626; Royston, R. J. 1; Gregory, J.; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: Apr1966, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p280; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Nader, Claire
T1  - THE TECHNICAL EXPEBT IN A DEMOCRACY.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 28
EP  - 30
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reflects on ethics of responsibility, and the role to be played by the technical expert. The author comments that ethics plays a vital role in the scientific and technological development of a society. The first consideration is that, what a person thinks he should do is closely associated with what he can do. The second function is, he must play a critical role in applying technical and scientific knowledge to human welfare.
KW  - ETHICS -- Societies, etc.
KW  - INDUSTRIAL technicians
KW  - SOCIAL sciences & ethics
KW  - ECONOMIC development
KW  - SCIENTIFIC development
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL progress
KW  - PROGRESS
N1  - Accession Number: 21499288; Nader, Claire 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director’s Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1966, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p28; Subject Term: ETHICS -- Societies, etc.; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL technicians; Subject Term: SOCIAL sciences & ethics; Subject Term: ECONOMIC development; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC development; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL progress; Subject Term: PROGRESS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cohn, Charles Erwin
AU  - Graham, R. M.
T1  - Incorporation of Nonstandard Input/Output Devices into FORTRAN Systems.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 344
SN  - 00010782
AB  - A FORTRAN system may readily be modified to handle input, output with nonstandard media on the same basis on which it handles the standard media. This is done by providing character-handling subroutine suited to the nonstandard medium and arranged to be called by an otherwise unused output statement type or unit number. This method was used to control output of alphanumeric information on a digital graph plotter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - FORTRAN (Computer program language)
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL linguistics
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 5260385; Cohn, Charles Erwin 1; Graham, R. M.; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: May66, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p343; Thesaurus Term: GRAPHIC methods; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: FORTRAN (Computer program language); Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL linguistics; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/355592.365629
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shalla, Leon
AU  - Ashenhurst, R. L.
T1  - Automatic Analysis of Electronic Digital Circuits Using List Processing.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
EP  - 380
SN  - 00010782
AB  - A mapping from block diagrams of digital circuits to list structures is described, together with a list processing program written for the Control Data 3600 which uses this mopping to automatically carry out circuit analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - FILE organization (Computer science)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - ELECTRIC circuit analysis
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 5260394; Shalla, Leon 1; Ashenhurst, R. L.; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Agronne, Illinois.; Issue Info: May66, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p372; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Thesaurus Term: GRAPHIC methods; Thesaurus Term: FILE organization (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuit analysis; Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 21 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/355592.365651
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rust, B.
AU  - Burrus, W. R.
AU  - Schneeberger, C.
AU  - Traub, J. F.
T1  - A Simple Algorithm for Computing the Generalized Inverse of a Matrix.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 387
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The generalized inverse of a matrix is important in analysis because it provides an extension of the concept of an inverse which applies to all matrices. It also has many applications in numerical analysis, but it is not widely used because the existing algorithms are fairly complicated and require considerable storage space. A simple extension has been found to the conventional orthogonalization method for inverting nonsingular matrices, which gives the generalized inverse with little extra effort and with no additional storage requirements. The algorithm gives the generalized inverse for any m by n matrix A, including the special case when m = n and A is nonsingular and the case when m > n and rank (A) = n. In the first case the algorithm gives the ordinary inverse of A. In the second case the algorithm yields the ordinary least squares transformation matrix [ATA)-1AT and has the advantage of avoiding the loss of significance which results in forming the product AT explicitly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MATRIX inversion
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - LEAST squares
N1  - Accession Number: 5260395; Rust, B. 1; Burrus, W. R. 2; Schneeberger, C. 2; Traub, J. F.; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: May66, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p381; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MATRIX inversion; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/355592.365659
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hatch, L.P.
AU  - Weth, G.G.
AU  - Wachtel, S.J.
T1  - Scale control in the high temperature distillation of saline waters by means of fluidized-bed heat exchangers.
JO  - Desalination
JF  - Desalination
Y1  - 1966/07//
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 156
EP  - 164
SN  - 00119164
AB  - The concept of utilizing fluidized beds of granular particles in heat exchangers as a means of preventing scale formation in the high temperature distillation of saline waters is being investigated at Brookhaven National Laboratory. With the bed maintained on the saline water side of the heat exchanger, the tube surfaces have been found to remain free of scale throughout extended tests with sea water in the temperature range 330°F to 340°F. Calcium sulfate, continuously precipitating from solution as fresh feed was added, remained in suspension in the brine stream under recirculation and did not accumulate on the bed particles or, to any extent, in the external piping circuit. Heat transfer coefficients were high due to the presence of the bed particles with over-all values, condensing steam to saline water, maintained at about 850Btu/hrft. 2 °F. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Desalination is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Saline water conversion -- Distillation process
KW  - Saline waters
KW  - High temperatures
KW  - Fluidized bed reactors
KW  - Heat exchangers
KW  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 114845064; Hatch, L.P. 1; Weth, G.G. 1; Wachtel, S.J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton. N. Y. U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jul1966, Vol. 1 Issue 2, p156; Thesaurus Term: Saline water conversion -- Distillation process; Thesaurus Term: Saline waters; Subject Term: High temperatures; Subject Term: Fluidized bed reactors; Subject Term: Heat exchangers ; Company/Entity: Brookhaven National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0011-9164(00)84015-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Goudsmit, Samuel A
T1  - Is the literature worth retrieving?
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1966/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 52
EP  - 55
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Believes that literature retrieval for physics should start with critical reviews and critical data compilations. These make obsolete many original articles and cause loss of author credit but fails to see how any other method would be workable. Critical data tables trigger new research, as does improvement in methodology. Obtaining competent critical review articles is a big problem even when a substantial honorarium is offered. Suggests that writing of critical reviews be organized similar to critical data compilation centers, and that better appreciation and renumeration be given to physicists contributing to the communcication function.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0100374; Goudsmit, Samuel A 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: September 1966, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p52; Note: Update Code: 0100; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Dickison, R R
T1  - The scholar and the future of microfilm
JO  - American Documentation
JF  - American Documentation
Y1  - 1966/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 179
SN  - 0096946X
AB  - Roll film and microcards could not be fully integrated into library practice because of lack of standardization and user resistance. With respect to roll film, libraries were reluctant to purchase the wide variety of equipment needed to handle the varieties of film, and users did not like using unfamiliar machinery. With microcards, none of the card readers available was inexpensive enough for libraries to make them freely available. There was also no such thing as a good and cheap reader-printer. Microfiche may be integrated into library usage since efforts have been made to achieve standardization. An inexpensive desk-top microfiche reader costing less than $100 has been developed. User resistance seems to be disappearing.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0200164; Dickison, R R 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: October 1966, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p178; Note: Update Code: 0200; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dickson, R. R.
T1  - The Scholar and the Future of Microfilm.
JO  - American Documentation
JF  - American Documentation
Y1  - 1966/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 179
SN  - 0096946X
AB  - The reasons for the failure of roll film and microcards to be fully integrated into library practices are examined and compared with present practices in microfiche systems. It is concluded that microfilm systems in the recently introduced form of the fiche will finally be integrated into library usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Documentation is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIBRARIES
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - LIBRARY science
KW  - MICROFICHE services
KW  - LIBRARY catalogs on microfiche
KW  - MICROFICHES
N1  - Accession Number: 16835101; Dickson, R. R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Oct1966, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p178; Thesaurus Term: LIBRARIES; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION resources management; Thesaurus Term: LIBRARY science; Subject Term: MICROFICHE services; Subject Term: LIBRARY catalogs on microfiche; Subject Term: MICROFICHES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519121 Libraries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koukkari, Willard L.
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Phytochrome Levels Assayed by in vivo Spectrophotometry in Modified Underground Stems and Storage Roots.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1966/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
EP  - 1078
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - In vivo spectrophotometric assays were conducted with sections of plant material cut from modified stems and storage roots. Phytochrome levels are highest in sections associated with growth such as buds and eambial regions. Interior tissues of tubers and the scale leaves of bulbs which are storage tissue contain low or no detectable phytochrome. However, in the storage root of Pastinaca sativa L. phytochrome is distributed in both the phloem and central regions, though it is highest in the cambial region. Total phytochrome in Gladiolus corm buds exposed to 3 minutes of red light followed by approximately 24 hours of darkness decreases more than 60 per cent. This rapid loss of detectable phytochrome in Gladiolus corm buds resembles phytochrome destruction in etiolated seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Plant stems
KW  - Phytochromes
KW  - Spectrophotometry
KW  - Plant cells & tissues
KW  - Floriculture industry
N1  - Accession Number: 17410033; Koukkari, Willard L. 1; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Issue Info: 1966, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p1073; Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Plant stems; Subject Term: Phytochromes; Subject Term: Spectrophotometry; Subject Term: Plant cells & tissues; Subject Term: Floriculture industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep17410033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinrad, Bernard I.
T1  - IN THE NAME OF SCIENCE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 22
EP  - 23
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "In the Name of Science," by H. L. Nieburg.
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - NIEBURG, H. L.
KW  - IN the Name of Science (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21499348; Spinrad, Bernard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Reactor Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Nov1966, Vol. 22 Issue 9, p22; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nettesheim, P.
AU  - Makinodan, T.
AU  - Chadwick, Carol J.
T1  - Improved Diffusion Chamber Cultures for Cytokinetic Analysis of Antibody Response.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1966/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
EP  - 439
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Diffusion chambers (3×10 mm) constructed with 0·1 μ porosity filters, but not with 0.45 μ or greater porosity filters, were found to be consistently cell impermeable, with use of acryloid as the glueing agent. The filters permit free diffusion of 19S and 7S antibodies into ‘empty’ chambers in vivo and in vitro. Pronase treatment of the chamber dissolves the clot and frees cells attached to the inner surfaces. This permits almost complete recovery of the chamber culture cells. Chamber cultures can be readily transferred from one host to another and kept in vitro at room temperature for at least 6 hours without any loss of activity. In vivo diffusion problems arise after 1 month of culture, most probably due to excessive growth of peritoneal cells on the outer surface of the filters; this limitation can be overcome by serial in vivo transfer of the chamber and wiping the outer surface at the time of transfer. The diffusion chamber culture method as described here fulfills all the pre-requisites of an assay system with which one can perform precise cytokinetic analysis of antibody response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - GLOBULINS
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - CELLULAR immunity
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13317991; Nettesheim, P. 1; Makinodan, T. 1; Chadwick, Carol J. 1; Source Information: Nov66, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p427; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject: GLOBULINS; Subject: CYTOKINES; Subject: IMMUNE response; Subject: CELLULAR immunity; Subject: IMMUNOLOGY; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Can Technology Replace Social Engineering?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/12//
VL  - 22
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 8
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article examines the extent of remedies that can be offered by technology for social problems. The methods on how Technological Fix solved the two profound social problems, poverty and war, are explained. Other technologies that can reduce complicated social problems and does not require individuals to renounce short-term advantage for long-term gain such as intra-uterine device for birth control are discussed, as well as the problems that have technical and social components such as those concerned with conservation of natural resources. Also, the possibility of technology to replace social engineering is examined.
KW  - SOCIAL problems
KW  - TECHNOLOGY -- Social aspects
KW  - WAR
KW  - POVERTY
KW  - SOCIAL control
KW  - INTRAUTERINE contraceptives
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL progress
KW  - CONSERVATION of natural resources
KW  - SOCIAL engineering
KW  - Conservation; pollution; environmental problems and protection
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
N1  - Accession Number: 21499359; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Dec1966, Vol. 22 Issue 10, p4; Subject Term: SOCIAL problems; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY -- Social aspects; Subject Term: WAR; Subject Term: POVERTY; Subject Term: SOCIAL control; Subject Term: INTRAUTERINE contraceptives; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL progress; Subject Term: CONSERVATION of natural resources; Subject Term: SOCIAL engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation; pollution; environmental problems and protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Browne, L. E.
AU  - Noey, J. L.
AU  - Kerr, Pat C.
AU  - Haber, Alan H.
T1  - Air-turbulence and temperature gradients reduced in plant growth chambers by small-hole diffuser walls.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1967/01//
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 37
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents a method for uniformly introducing large volumes of preconditioned air into plant growth chambers while producing very small point velocities and turbulence in different regions of the chambers. Approximately 11 vertical temperature gradients and horizontal gradients were present in a large chamber. A plenum containing two stainless steel perforated diffuser walls provided a space for the preconditioned air. This method helps to improve the performance of plant growth chambers.
KW  - Plant growing media
KW  - Air
KW  - Plant development
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Growth cabinets & rooms
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Temperature lapse rate
KW  - Rooms
N1  - Accession Number: 31975655; Browne, L. E. 1; Noey, J. L. 1; Kerr, Pat C. 1; Haber, Alan H. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.;  Source Info: Jan1967, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p37; Thesaurus Term: Plant growing media; Thesaurus Term: Air; Thesaurus Term: Plant development; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Subject Term: Growth cabinets & rooms; Subject Term: Turbulence; Subject Term: Plant growth; Subject Term: Temperature lapse rate; Subject Term: Rooms; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Wing, James
T1  - Abacus Computation in Number Systems of Bases Other Than Ten.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1967/02//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Letter
SP  - 86
EP  - 86
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about abacus computation in number systems.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - NUMBER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 17864629; Wing, James 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: Feb1967, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p86; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: NUMBER systems; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1145/363067.363097
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodgson, Vincent
AU  - Hebble, Thomas L.
T1  - NONPREEMPTIVE PRIORITIES IN MACHINE INTERFERENCE.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1967/03//Mar/Apr67
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 253
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - A model of machine interference is studied in which one repairman is assigned to maintain several batteries of machines with a finite number of machines in each battery. The model, which assumes nonpreemptive priorities, random breakdowns, and general repair time distributions, is closely analogous to the classical priority queuing model of KESTEN AND RUNNENBURG. A system of equations, for the multivariate binomial moments of the number of machines working in each battery immediately after a repair is completed, is established and solved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACHINERY
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - PLANT maintenance
KW  - QUEUING theory
KW  - STORAGE batteries
KW  - MAINTENANCE & repair
N1  - Accession Number: 4466232; Hodgson, Vincent 1; Hebble, Thomas L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Mar/Apr67, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p245; Thesaurus Term: MACHINERY; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: PLANT maintenance; Thesaurus Term: QUEUING theory; Thesaurus Term: STORAGE batteries; Subject Term: MAINTENANCE & repair; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811310 Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561730 Landscaping Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodwell, George M.
T1  - Toxic Substances and Ecological Cycles.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1967/03//
VL  - 216
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 31
SN  - 00368733
AB  - The article focuses on some effects of toxic substances in the environment. The dense smogs which circulates in the air has global, long-term ecological process that concentrate hazardous substances. In a study Project Bravo at Bikini in 1954, a hydrogen bomb was dropped to Pacific Islands to test its effect on the marine life. The study revealed that several thousand square miles of the Pacific were contaminated and the radioactive debris had been spread by wind and water that could have been lethal to marine organisms and man.
KW  - Toxic substance exposure
KW  - Hazardous wastes -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Effect of water pollution on marine organisms
KW  - Radioactive pollution of the sea
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Hydrogen bomb
KW  - Bikini Atoll (Marshall Islands)
N1  - Accession Number: 20576363; Woodwell, George M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Ecologist, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar1967, Vol. 216 Issue 3, p24; Thesaurus Term: Toxic substance exposure; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Effect of water pollution on marine organisms; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive pollution of the sea; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Hydrogen bomb; Subject: Bikini Atoll (Marshall Islands); NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sampson, William B.
AU  - Craig, Paul P.
AU  - Strongin, Myron
T1  - Advances in Superconducting Magnets.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1967/03//
VL  - 216
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
EP  - 123
SN  - 00368733
AB  - The article focuses on research endeavors in superconducting magnets. In Brookhaven National Laboratory, superconducting magnets were tested for use in the fields of high-energy physics. The lack of resistance to an electric current at temperatures near absolute zero is one of its important property. Some of the basic properties of the superconducting magnet are outlined.
KW  - Magnetism
KW  - Magnetic fields
KW  - Scientific experimentation
KW  - Superconducting magnets
KW  - Electromagnets
KW  - Field theory (Physics)
KW  - Electric currents
N1  - Accession Number: 20576377; Sampson, William B. 1; Craig, Paul P. 1; Strongin, Myron 1; Affiliations: 1: Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar1967, Vol. 216 Issue 3, p114; Thesaurus Term: Magnetism; Thesaurus Term: Magnetic fields; Subject Term: Scientific experimentation; Subject Term: Superconducting magnets; Subject Term: Electromagnets; Subject Term: Field theory (Physics); Subject Term: Electric currents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 6 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Cohn, Waldo E
T1  - The organization and functioning of biochemical nomenclature
JO  - Journal of Chemical Documentation
JF  - Journal of Chemical Documentation
Y1  - 1967/05//
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
EP  - 73
SN  - 00219576
AB  - Biochemical nomenclature is presently organized at the international rather than the national level through the iupac-ium combined commission on biochemical nomenclature (cbn). Cbn works closely with the iupac commission on organic nomenclature and with the iub commission of editors of biochemical journals (cebj), to the latter of which it may truly be considered a consulting body. To promote awareness of proper nomenclature in biochemistry, to catalyze and coordinate scattered activities, and to be a source of information for authors, editors and catalogers, the national academy of sciences-national research council created, last year, the office of biochemical nomenclature (obn). Obn's role is catalytic, not creative, and is thus complementary to the creative role given to cbn. The organization, working methods, and products of these two agencies, which presently dominate biochemical nomenclature activities, are discussed.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0200659; Cohn, Waldo E 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box Y, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.;  Source Info: May 1967, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p72; Note: Update Code: 0200; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bump, T. R.
T1  - A Third Generation of Breeder Reactors.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1967/05//
VL  - 216
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 33
SN  - 00368733
AB  - The article discusses the evolution of fission reactors and the plan to develop a new breeder reactor in the U.S. as of May 1967. The Argonne National Laboratory of the Atomic Energy Commission and a number of other organizations in the world are developing a third generation of breeder reactors. These reactors are designed for power plants that will generate a million kilowatts. Images illustrating the components and the procedures involved in the development of the reactor are provided.
KW  - Nuclear power plants
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Nuclear reactors
KW  - Breeder reactors
KW  - United States
KW  - Argonne National Laboratory
KW  - U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
N1  - Accession Number: 20576517; Bump, T. R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Mechanical engineer, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: May1967, Vol. 216 Issue 5, p25; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear power plants; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactors; Subject Term: Breeder reactors; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: Argonne National Laboratory ; Company/Entity: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Woodwell, G. M.
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1967/06//
VL  - 216
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
SN  - 00368733
AB  - A response by G. M. Woodwell to letters to the editor about his article on toxic substances and ecological cycles, published in the previous issue of the journal is presented.
KW  - Poisons
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 22575106; Woodwell, G. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Issue Info: Jun1967, Vol. 216 Issue 6, p8; Thesaurus Term: Poisons; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goodman, Joan Wright
AU  - Bosma, Gayle C.
T1  - Attempts to Immunize F1 Hybrid Mice against their Parents.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1967/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 140
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Attempts were made to immunize F1 hybrid mice to their inbred parental strains by active immunization with either living or dead parental cells and by adoptive transfer of isogenic (F1) lymph node cells to irradiated hybrids that subsequently received parental bone marrow. Cumulative mortality studies and erythrocyte serotyping revealed that many mice survived and retained their parental grafts for long periods of time. In most experiments reported here, 59Fe uptake by erythrocytes and spleens of chimeras 1 week after marrow transplantation was used as a measure of erythropoiesis and thereby of success or failure of the marrow graft. Pre-treatment (‘pre-immunization’)of hybrids with parental spleen cells produced no evidence of specific immunization. However, pre-treatment with spleen cells from parent 1 was detrimental to subse- quently transplanted marrow from parent 2 and vice-versa. Adoptive transfer of viable F1 lymph node cells failed to decrease growth of parental cells in irradiated F1 hybrids. These findings indicate that the poor-growth phenomenon of particular parent-F1 combinations cannot be explained in terms of classical immune rejection of parental cells by F1 hybrids. Instead, growth of parental cells in the F1 environment is inhibited or delayed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIMAL models in research
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - IMMUNIZATION
KW  - IMMUNITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13338836; Goodman, Joan Wright 1; Bosma, Gayle C. 1; Source Information: Aug67, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p125; Subject: ANIMAL models in research; Subject: IMMUNE response; Subject: IMMUNE system; Subject: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject: IMMUNIZATION; Subject: IMMUNITY; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gabay, A.
AU  - McCarthy, John
AU  - Cody, Jr., William J.
AU  - Yarbeough, Lynn
T1  - Letters to the Editor.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1967/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 531
EP  - 537
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents several letters to the editor related to the computing machinery. Opinion that the Association for Computing Machinery publications could be organized and printed in such a way to suit the needs of some readers; Comment on the article "Time-Sharing on a Computer With a Small Memory," by R.O. Fisher and C.D. Shephard, published in the February 1967 issue of the journal "Communications of the ACM"; View that assemblers and compilers are hardly ever designed to convert decimal constants to a precision of more than a dozen or so digits.
KW  - ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.
KW  - TIME-sharing computer systems
KW  - DATA processing service centers
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COMPILERS (Computer programs)
N1  - Accession Number: 17874163; Gabay, A.; McCarthy, John 1; Cody, Jr., William J. 2; Yarbeough, Lynn 3; Affiliations: 1: Stanford University Stanford, California 94305.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois, 60439.; 3: Arcon Corporation Wakefield, Mass. 01880.; Issue Info: Sep67, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p531; Thesaurus Term: ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.; Thesaurus Term: TIME-sharing computer systems; Thesaurus Term: DATA processing service centers; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COMPILERS (Computer programs); NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541513 Computer Facilities Management Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Buchanan, J R
T1  - Analysis and automated handling of technical information at the nuclear safety information center
JO  - American Documentation
JF  - American Documentation
Y1  - 1967/10//
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 241
SN  - 0096946X
AB  - The nuclear safety information center serves the nuclear community by collecting storing, evaluating, and disseminating safety information relevant to the design and operation of nuclear facilities. In 1964, after about a year of operation, the information-handling system was computerized in order to increase broadly the scope of the center's services and enable efficient functioning in the future. Computer programs were developed for the preparation of a bibliography, complete with key-words and personal author indexes, that is issued quarterly and for a program of selective dissemination of information (sdi) that is produced on 5 x 8 in. Cards. These programs and other services of the center are discussed.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0400151; Buchanan, J R 1; Affiliations: 1 : Nuclear Safety Information Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: October 1967, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p235; Note: Update Code: 0400; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allison, Robert D.
AU  - Cotzias, George C.
T1  - MEETINGS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1967/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 918
EP  - 922
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article offers information on several life sciences meetings. The theme for Fifth National Biomedical Sciences Symposium that was held in Albuquerque, New Mexico, on May 15-17, 1967, was advances in dynamic bioinstrumentation for medicine and research. The sixth annual symposium on biomathematics and computer science in the life sciences will be held in Houston, Texas, on March 14-16, 1968. A symposium on the ocean sciences and engineering of the Atlantic Shelf will be held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on March 19-20, 1968. It also presents a calendar of life sciences meetings for January-February 1968.
KW  - Life sciences -- Congresses
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Medical sciences -- Congresses
KW  - Medicine
KW  - Biomathematics
KW  - Computer science
KW  - Marine sciences -- Congresses
KW  - Ocean engineering -- Congresses
KW  - Science -- Congresses
N1  - Accession Number: 31983035; Allison, Robert D. 1; Cotzias, George C. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Vascular Laboratories, Scott & White Clinic, Temple, Texas 76501.; 2 : Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York.;  Source Info: Dec1967, Vol. 17 Issue 12, p918; Subject Term: Life sciences -- Congresses; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Medical sciences -- Congresses; Subject Term: Medicine; Subject Term: Biomathematics; Subject Term: Computer science; Subject Term: Marine sciences -- Congresses; Subject Term: Ocean engineering -- Congresses; Subject Term: Science -- Congresses; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Currents and Soundings: From the Professional Stream.
JO  - Public Administration Review
JF  - Public Administration Review
Y1  - 1967/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 460
EP  - 470
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00333352
AB  - The scientists accustomed to dealing with technical problems is appalled by the difficulties that face the social engineers who are charged with devising methods for coping with complex social questions. Resolution of a technological problem involves few individual decisions. The resolution of social problems by the traditional method, by motivating people to behave more rationally, is a heartbreaking, frustrating business. The most successful feats of large-scale social engineering in the past have avoided the problem of changing human nature. The assumption of the founding fathers of the U.S., that political institutions must capitalize on, or at least circumvent, man's imperfections seems to me to be the only practical approach to eventual stabilization of the world order. One must devise social institutions that countervail each other in a manner that maintains the stability of the entire structure. The impressive example of social engineering embodied in the U.S. constitution appears to be still unavailable to the world at large.
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - INTERNATIONAL cooperation
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL progress
KW  - SOCIAL change
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - SOCIAL engineering
KW  - SOCIAL problems
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 4600910; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Dec67, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p460; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Thesaurus Term: INTERNATIONAL cooperation; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGICAL progress; Thesaurus Term: SOCIAL change; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: SOCIAL engineering; Subject Term: SOCIAL problems; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Jordan, J R
AU  - Watkins, W J
T1  - Kwoc index as an automatic by-product of sdi
JO  - In American Society For Information Science, Proceedings, 5. Annual Meeting, October 20-24, 1968. Columbus, Ohio. P. 211-215. 4 Illus. 1 Tab. 6 Ref. See Isa 69-010/y
JF  - In American Society For Information Science, Proceedings, 5. Annual Meeting, October 20-24, 1968. Columbus, Ohio. P. 211-215. 4 Illus. 1 Tab. 6 Ref. See Isa 69-010/y
Y1  - 1968///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - A brief discussion of the ames selective dissemination of information (sdi) system is presented with special emphasis on the user's problem of accumulating large reference files for future use. A key word out of context (kwoc) index is presented as a solution to this problem. The sdi-kwoc information system is a functional part of the information transfer model. Finally, kwoc index, as an integral part of the sdi system, is discussed in terms of cost and value.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0400320; Jordan, J R 1; Watkins, W J; Affiliations: 1 : Ames Laboratory, Usaec Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010;  Source Info: 1968; Note: Update Code: 0400; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hough, Paul V C
T1  - A computer learns to see
JO  - In Brookhaven National Laboratory. Brookhaven National Laboratory Lectures In Science. Vistas In Research. Volume 2. 1968. Gordon And Breach, New York. P. 1-14. 14 Illus. 0 Ref. Originally Published As Report Bnl 725. See Isa 69-1045/y
JF  - In Brookhaven National Laboratory. Brookhaven National Laboratory Lectures In Science. Vistas In Research. Volume 2. 1968. Gordon And Breach, New York. P. 1-14. 14 Illus. 0 Ref. Originally Published As Report Bnl 725. See Isa 69-1045/y
Y1  - 1968///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Explains in very simple languages how a computer can be programmed for graphic pattern recognition, with emphasis on appplications in nuclear physics.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0400858; Hough, Paul V C 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.y.;  Source Info: 1968; Note: Update Code: 0400; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Reynolds, John C
T1  - A generalized resolution principle based upon context-free grammars
JO  - In International Federation For Information Processing. Proceedings Of The Ifip Congress 68, Preprints. 1968. North-holland Publishing, Amsterdam. P. H10-h14. 4 Ref. See Isa 69-021/y
JF  - In International Federation For Information Processing. Proceedings Of The Ifip Congress 68, Preprints. 1968. North-holland Publishing, Amsterdam. P. H10-h14. 4 Ref. See Isa 69-021/y
Y1  - 1968///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The resolution principle is generalized into an inference principle for quantified clauses in which the quantifiers are constrained to range over sets of ground terms specified by a class of context-free grammars called t-grammars. The generalized resolvent of two such clauses is defined and shown to staisfy the basis completeness theorem. This result is obtained as a consequence of the factorization properties of substitutions and the closure of the set of t-languages under intersection.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0400500; Reynolds, John C 1; Affiliations: 1 : Applied Mathematics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois;  Source Info: 1968; Note: Update Code: 0400; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Jr., Eliot C.
AU  - Reichle, David E.
T1  - Radioactive tracers in the study of energy turnover by a grazing insect (Chrysochus auratus Fab.; Coleoptera Chrysomelidae).
JO  - Oikos
JF  - Oikos
Y1  - 1968/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 18
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00301299
AB  - Radioisotope tags of rubidium-86 and phosphorus-32 were used to measure food consumption by the chrysomelid beetle Chrysochus auratus feeding upon the old field herb Apocynum cannabinum. The elimination of isotope by beetles which had fed upon tagged plants was used to estimate the rates of food consumption. For individuals at isotopic equilibrium with their food base, isotope input (I) equals the biological turnover of isotope: I + kQeM/a, where k is the turnover rate of isotope, Qe is the equilibrium concentration of isotope in the beetles, M is mass (mg dry wt), and a is the assimilation coefficient for the particular radioisotope. If the radioisotope concentration of the food base is known, input also can be expressed as food consumed. Turnover rates (k) were calculated from biological half-lives (Tb), where k - 0.693/Tb. The biological half-life of 86Rb in Chrysochus was one day, while that of 32P was 7.5 days in females and 10.2 days in males. The calorific value of Apocynum leaves was 4625 cal/g dry wt (5640 cal/g ash-free wt); that of Chrysochus was 5227 cal/g dry wt (5537 cal/g ash-free wt). Individuals consumed 56.8% (15.9 mg) of their dry body weight in food per day. Of the ingested foliage, 43% of the ash-free dry matter was digested, 56% of the energy assimilated, and 71% of the ash content assimilated. The calorific value (cal/g) of digested food was 1.17 times greater than that consumed. Beetles assimilated 87% of the 86Rb and 74% of the 32P present in food. Ranking of turnover times showed Chrysochus to be most conservative in its expenditure of food energy and dry matter, followed by mineral constituents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oikos is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chrysomelidae
KW  - Radioactive tracers
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Beetles
KW  - Curing
KW  - Anthropometry
N1  - Accession Number: 17707308; Williams, Jr., Eliot C. 1; Reichle, David E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Dept. of Biology, Wabash College, Crawfordsville.; 2: Radiation Ecology Section, Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: 1968, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p10; Thesaurus Term: Chrysomelidae; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive tracers; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Beetles; Subject Term: Curing; Subject Term: Anthropometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Way, K
T1  - Free enterprise in data compilation
JO  - Science 159 (3812), 280-282 (1968 January 19). 7 Ref
JF  - Science 159 (3812), 280-282 (1968 January 19). 7 Ref
Y1  - 1968///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The author is concerned with ways and means to increase the number and the quality of compilations of scientific data. He urges committees to open a freeway for compilers of such data, rather than to guide and channel their steps.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0401409; Way, K 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Nuclear Data Project.;  Source Info: 1968; Note: Update Code: 0400; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sassen, A.
AU  - Perkins, Eugene H.
AU  - Brown, R. A.
T1  - Immunogenic Potency of Human γ-Globulin in Mice.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1968/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 256
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Heat-treated, but not untreated, human γ-globulin (HGG) is a potent antigen for the initiation of primary antibody response in mice, Thus a dose as low as 10-7 g of heat-treated HGG was sufficient to induce an excellent primary response in intact mice. However, the primary response was meagre and negative in the cell-transfer and diffusion-chamber culture systems of dispersed spleen cells, respectively. In contrast, no significant difference could be demonstrated between heat-treated and untreated HGG preparations in their capacity to induce a secondary response in intact mice. Furthermore, good secondary responses were obtained in both the cell-transfer and diffusion-chamber culture systems. This suggests differences between primed and non-primed spleen cells in their requirements of cellular organization for the initiation of antibody response. Both the primary and the secondary responses were found to be antigen-dose dependent, although the optimum antigen dose range was broad. Moreover, doses of heat- treated HGG (≤ 10-12 g) lower than that reported for the excellent immunogen, flagella, were sufficient to induce secondary responses, thereby emphasizing the utility of HGG for studying the role of antigen in the initiation of primary and secondary antibody responses.
KW  - HEAT
KW  - GLOBULINS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - SPLEEN
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - MICE
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13345750; Sassen, A. 1; Perkins, Eugene H. 1; Brown, R. A. 1; Source Information: Feb68, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p247; Subject: HEAT; Subject: GLOBULINS; Subject: ANTIGENS; Subject: SPLEEN; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject: MICE; Subject: IMMUNOLOGY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WHITTAKER, R. H.
AU  - G. M. WOODWELL
T1  - DIMENSION AND PRODUCTION RELATIONS OF TREES AND SHRUBS IN THE BROOKHAVEN FOREST, NEW YORK.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1968/03//
VL  - 56
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 25
SN  - 00220477
AB  - The article discusses a system of analysis for the estimation of weight, production and surface relations of trees and shrubs in a forest system. Seven species of trees and shrubs in Brookhaven forest, New York, were used in the estimation. To carry out various computations, a computer program was created. Distributions of biomass and net production among major plant parts are presented as means for sets of sample plants and as regressions. Results showed that regression within species may be used to estimate weight, production and surface relations of shrubland and forests. Findings suggest that the system of analysis has significant usefulness for the study of shrubs, woodland and forest communities.
KW  - Plant biomass
KW  - Trees
KW  - Shrubs
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - System analysis
KW  - Plant surfaces
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Brookhaven (N.Y.)
KW  - New York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 32039099; WHITTAKER, R. H. 1; G. M. WOODWELL 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York;  Source Info: Mar1968, Vol. 56 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Plant biomass; Thesaurus Term: Trees; Thesaurus Term: Shrubs; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: System analysis; Subject Term: Plant surfaces; Subject Term: Plant growth; Subject: Brookhaven (N.Y.); Subject: New York (State); Number of Pages: 25p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Conservative Judgements and Missile Madness.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1968/05//
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 11
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article comments on the announcement of U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara that the government decided to deploy a thin antiballistic missile (ABM) defense. The discussion of McNamara on first-strike capability and second strike capability was well-defined. He assured the people that neither the U.S. or the Soviet Union can develop a first-strike capability against the other and both will preserve a second-strike capability. However, the decision to mount an ABM defense is a move in the opposite direction. It shows how hard it is for the Americans to approach a spirit of military restraint for broader goals. The offer announced by President Andrew Johnson to open the nonmilitary nuclear installations is a modest step in the right direction.
KW  - ANTIMISSILE missiles
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - ANTI-tactical ballistic missiles
KW  - MILITARY art & science
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - US and China
KW  - MCNAMARA, Robert S., 1916-2009
KW  - JOHNSON, Andrew, 1808-1875
N1  - Accession Number: 21499612; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: May1968, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p6; Subject Term: ANTIMISSILE missiles; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: ANTI-tactical ballistic missiles; Subject Term: MILITARY art & science; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: US and China; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuchel, Kurt
AU  - Heller, Sidney
T1  - Considerations in the Design of a Multiple Computer System with Extended Core Storage.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1968/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
EP  - 340
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The use of large quantities of addressable (but not executable) fast random access memory to heighten the multiprogramming performance of a multicomputer system is discussed. The general design of the hardware arrangement and the software components and functions of such a system are based on a planned configuration of dual CDC 6600's that share one million words of extended core storage. In the generalization of such a design, special emphasis is placed on estimating expected gains when compared with the traditional configuration of separate and independent computers without extended core storage. An observation is made on the use of conventional, slower speed, random access storage devices in place of the faster memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - COMPUTER peripherals
KW  - MULTIPROGRAMMING (Electronic computers)
KW  - control data corporation 6600
KW  - extended core storage
KW  - multiple computer systems
KW  - multiprocessor operating systems
KW  - multiprogrammed operating systems
KW  - operating system with ECS
N1  - Accession Number: 5263691; Fuchel, Kurt 1; Heller, Sidney 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.; Issue Info: May68, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p334; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION technology; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER peripherals; Subject Term: MULTIPROGRAMMING (Electronic computers); Author-Supplied Keyword: control data corporation 6600; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended core storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple computer systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiprocessor operating systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiprogrammed operating systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: operating system with ECS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811212 Computer and Office Machine Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/363095.363142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sparrow, A. H.
AU  - Shairer, L. A.
AU  - Marimuthu, K. M.
T1  - Genetic and Cytologic Studies of Tradescantia Irradiated During Orbital Flight.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1968/06//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 582
EP  - 590
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article discusses the Biosatellite II Tradescantia experiment which investigated the effects of weightlessness and other spacecraft environmental conditions on the frequency of spontaneous and radiation-induced chromosome aberrations and somatic mutations. The experiment also examined genetic or cellular damage for a better assessment of the possible hazards to living systems of a new spectrum of stresses that occurred during orbital or free flight. Experimental designs and methods are also described.
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Tradescantia
KW  - Artificial satellites in biology
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Weightlessness
KW  - Space biology
N1  - Accession Number: 32794636; Sparrow, A. H. 1; Shairer, L. A.; Marimuthu, K. M.; Affiliations: 1 : Senior radiobiologist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.;  Source Info: Jun1968, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p582; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Tradescantia; Subject Term: Artificial satellites in biology; Subject Term: Mutation (Biology); Subject Term: Weightlessness; Subject Term: Space biology; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 4 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Serres, F. J.
AU  - Webber, B. B.
T1  - The Combined Effect of Weightlessness and Radiation on Inactivation and Mutation-Induction in Neurospora crassa during the BIOSATELLITE II Mission.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1968/06//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 590
EP  - 595
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article discusses an experiment which investigated the combined effect of weightlessness and radiation on inactivation and mutation-induction in Neurospora crassa during Biosatellite II mission. The experiment was designed by Biosatellite to use a two-component heterokaryon obtained from the fusion of two different haploid strains. A chart is presented which shows results of preliminary tests to detect recessive lethal mutations in the entire genome of one component of the Neurospora heterokaryon.
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Weightlessness
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Neurospora crassa
KW  - Artificial satellites in biology
KW  - Haploidy
N1  - Accession Number: 32794637; De Serres, F. J. 1; Webber, B. B.; Affiliations: 1 : Biologist, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jun1968, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p590; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Weightlessness; Subject Term: Mutation (Biology); Subject Term: Neurospora crassa; Subject Term: Artificial satellites in biology; Subject Term: Haploidy; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - von Borstel, R. C.
AU  - Smith, R. H.
AU  - Grosch, D. S.
AU  - Whiting, Anna R.
AU  - Amy, R. L.
AU  - Baird, M. B.
AU  - Buchanan, P. D.
AU  - Cain, Katherine T.
AU  - Carpenter, Ruth Ann
AU  - Clark, A. M.
AU  - Hoffman, A. C.
AU  - Jones, Martha S.
AU  - Kondo, S.
AU  - Lane, Margaret J.
AU  - Mizianty, T. J.
AU  - Pardue, Mary L.
AU  - Reel, Joan W.
AU  - Smith, Diana B.
AU  - Steen, Judith A.
AU  - Tindall, Julie T.
T1  - Mutational Response of Habrobracon in the BIOSATELLITE II Experiment.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1968/06//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 598
EP  - 601
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article discusses an experiment which investigated mutational response of Habrobracon in the Biostatellite II experiment. The experiment was designed to survey mature sperm and all different stages of oogenesis for mutational effects, particularly dominant lethality. Two hundred seventy-eight males of the lemon mutant strain and 280 females heterozygous for lemon, honey, and cantaloup markers were put in polypropylene packages specifically designed for them. It was found that the space flight with radiation had antagonistic effects on Habrobracon.
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Bracon
KW  - Artificial satellites in biology
KW  - Oogenesis
KW  - Space biology
KW  - Space flight -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 32794639; von Borstel, R. C. 1; Smith, R. H. 1; Grosch, D. S. 2; Whiting, Anna R. 1; Amy, R. L. 3; Baird, M. B. 4; Buchanan, P. D. 2; Cain, Katherine T. 1; Carpenter, Ruth Ann 2; Clark, A. M. 4; Hoffman, A. C. 2; Jones, Martha S. 1; Kondo, S. 5; Lane, Margaret J. 1; Mizianty, T. J. 6; Pardue, Mary L. 7; Reel, Joan W. 1; Smith, Diana B. 8; Steen, Judith A. 1; Tindall, Julie T. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; 2 : Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh; 3 : Department of Biology, Southwestern University; 4 : Department of Biology, University of Delaware, Newark; 5 : Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka Japan; 6 : Department of Biology, Wilkes College, Wilkes-Barie. Pa.; 7 : Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.; 8 : Biometrics and Statistics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge Tenn.;  Source Info: Jun1968, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p598; Subject Term: Mutation (Biology); Subject Term: Bracon; Subject Term: Artificial satellites in biology; Subject Term: Oogenesis; Subject Term: Space biology; Subject Term: Space flight -- Physiological effect; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Shaw, Christopher J.
AU  - Orth Jr., E. J.
AU  - Givens, Wallace
AU  - McKay, J. K. S.
AU  - Bahr, Knut
AU  - Langdon Jr., Glen G.
T1  - Letters to the Editors.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1968/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 391
EP  - 392
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including topics on the development of a new common computer language, standardization of hand-coding needed for man-to-machine communication, and generating permutations by nested cycling.
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
KW  - ARTIFICIAL languages
KW  - combinatorial expressions
KW  - cross references
KW  - debugging
KW  - language criteria
KW  - LISP
KW  - list processing language
KW  - memory
KW  - permutations
KW  - PL/I
KW  - program
KW  - program analysis
KW  - programming languages
KW  - standardization
KW  - thousand
N1  - Accession Number: 17834991; Shaw, Christopher J. 1; Orth Jr., E. J.; Givens, Wallace 2; McKay, J. K. S. 3; Bahr, Knut 4; Langdon Jr., Glen G. 5; Affiliations: 1: System Development Corporation, 2500 Colorado Avenue, Santa Monica, California 90406; 2: Applied Mathematics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ilinois 60439; 3: Atlas Computer Laboratory, Science Research Council, Chilton Didcot, Berkshire, England; 4: Deutsches Rechenzentrum, Rheinstrasse 75 66100 Darmsladt, Germany; 5: IBM SDD Laboratory, Dept. 156, P.O. Box 6 Endicott, N.Y. 13760; Issue Info: Jun68, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p391; Thesaurus Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL languages; Author-Supplied Keyword: combinatorial expressions; Author-Supplied Keyword: cross references; Author-Supplied Keyword: debugging; Author-Supplied Keyword: language criteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: LISP; Author-Supplied Keyword: list processing language; Author-Supplied Keyword: memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: permutations; Author-Supplied Keyword: PL/I; Author-Supplied Keyword: program; Author-Supplied Keyword: program analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: programming languages; Author-Supplied Keyword: standardization; Author-Supplied Keyword: thousand; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beauchamp, John J.
AU  - Cornell, Richard G.
T1  - SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION BY PARTIAL TOTALS FOR COMPARTMENTAL MODELS.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1968/06//
VL  - 63
IS  - 322
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
SN  - 01621459
AB  - An estimation procedure is presented that may be used to simultaneously estimate the parameters in a multiple equation regression model. The regression models considered are shown to arise from radioactive tracer experiments using compartmental models. For such models the regression equations are shown to be linear combinations of the same exponential parameters, and the number of independent regression equations is also shown to be the same as the number of exponential parameters.  The estimation procedure is developed under the assumption of equally spaced values of the independent variable. The first step of the procedure involves the simultaneous estimation of the exponential parameters by a generalized partial totals approach, and the second step involves the simultaneous estimation of the linear parameters using the estimates of the nonlinear parameters. Modifications are presented that make the estimation procedure more versatile, and asymptotic properties are also investigated. The procedure is illustrated with generated data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - PARAMETER estimation
KW  - RADIOACTIVE tracers
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - TRACERS (Chemistry)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 4607017; Beauchamp, John J. 1; Cornell, Richard G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; 2: Florida State University.; Issue Info: Jun68, Vol. 63 Issue 322, p573; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Thesaurus Term: PARAMETER estimation; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE tracers; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: TRACERS (Chemistry); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanna Jr., M.G.
AU  - Francis, Mary W.
AU  - Peters, Leona C.
T1  - Localization of 125I-Labelled Antigen in Germinal Centres of Mouse Spleen: Effects of Competitive Injection of Specific or Non-Cross-Reacting Antigen.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1968/07//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 91
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Studies were performed on localization of 125I-human γ-globulin in spleen lymphatic tissue germinal centres during the primary and secondary immune response as influenced by competitive injections of specific or non-cross- reacting antigens. Isologous mouse 7S serum protein labelled with 125I was used as the control. The results of these studies support the following conclusions: (1) Antigen retention in germinal centres during the primary immune reaction is a dynamic process. For some antigens there may be opsonins available at the the time of injection which promote initial localization in germinal centres. However, the continued localization of antigen over weeks and months is a function of specific antibody production. (2) For some period of time, germinal centres are specific to the antigen that stimulated their development, and eventually these centres will respond to a different antigen. (3)Antigen persisting in germinal centres is functional in the development of the secondary immune potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - GLOBULINS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - PLASMA cells
KW  - BLOOD proteins
KW  - IMMUNITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13346255; Hanna Jr., M.G. 1; Francis, Mary W. 1; Peters, Leona C. 1; Source Information: Jul68, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p75; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject: GLOBULINS; Subject: ANTIGENS; Subject: PLASMA cells; Subject: BLOOD proteins; Subject: IMMUNITY; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Let Us Prepare for Peace.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1968/09//
VL  - 24
IS  - 7
M3  - Speech
SP  - 17
EP  - 20
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents a speech Alvin M. Weinberg, Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, delivered at the Seventh Atoms for Peace Award Ceremony in New York City, November 14, 1967. He discusses the abandoning of idea of limiting defensive weapons and searching instead for limitation of offensive weapons, the preconditions for peace, and the posture for peace.
KW  - PEACE
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - NEW York (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - WEINBERG, Alvin M.
N1  - Accession Number: 21499658; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: Sep1968, Vol. 24 Issue 7, p17; Subject Term: PEACE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject: NEW York (N.Y.); Subject: NEW York (State); Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Speech
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Andrews, James C
T1  - Interlibrary loan request form new revision
JO  - Special Libraries
JF  - Special Libraries
Y1  - 1968/09//
VL  - 59
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 531
SN  - 00386723
AB  - News report and illustration of the request form to accompany the national interlibrary loan code, 1968.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0401169; Andrews, James C 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory.;  Source Info: September 1968, Vol. 59 Issue 7, p531; Note: Update Code: 0400; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cottrell, William B.
T1  - Evaluation and Compression of Scientific and Technical Information at the Nuclear Safety Information Center.
JO  - American Documentation
JF  - American Documentation
Y1  - 1968/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 380
SN  - 0096946X
AB  - The article presents evaluation and compression of scientific and technical information at the Nuclear Safety Information Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The Atomic Energy Commission established the Nuclear Safety Information Center at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in March 1963. It is funded by the office of the Assistant Director for Nuclear Safety, J. A. Lieberman of the Division of Reactor Development and Technology. The scope of the center's technical cognizance is roughly outlined by the 18 gerneral categories into which it proved convenient to subdivided the work.
KW  - ACCIDENT prevention
KW  - NUCLEAR accidents
KW  - SAFETY
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - OAK Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - LIEBERMAN, J. A.
N1  - Accession Number: 16865114; Cottrell, William B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Nuclear Safety Information Center Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Oct1968, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p375; Thesaurus Term: ACCIDENT prevention; Subject Term: NUCLEAR accidents; Subject Term: SAFETY; Subject: TENNESSEE; Subject: OAK Ridge (Tenn.); People: LIEBERMAN, J. A.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fliegel, Henry F.
AU  - van Flandern, Thomas C.
AU  - Abrahams, Paul
AU  - Wooster, Harold
AU  - Wishner, Raymond P.
AU  - Martin, Bruce A.
T1  - Letters to the Editor.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1968/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Letter
SP  - 657
EP  - 658
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. Problems in writing computer language; Implication of computer science in a system of application; Representation of binary notation in computer languages.
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - CYBERNETICS
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - BINARY system (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 17837107; Fliegel, Henry F. 1; van Flandern, Thomas C. 2; Abrahams, Paul 3; Wooster, Harold 4; Wishner, Raymond P. 5; Martin, Bruce A. 6; Affiliations: 1: Georgetown University Observatory Washington, D.C.; 2: U.S. Naval Observatory Washington, DC 20390.; 3: New York University Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences 251 Mercer Street New York, NY 100012.; 4: AFOSR/SRI, 1400 Wilson Blvd. Arlington, VA 22209.; 5: American University Center for Technology Washington, D. C.; 6: Applied Mathematics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Associated Universities, Inc. Upton, Long Island, NY 11973.; Issue Info: Oct68, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p657; Thesaurus Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER science; Thesaurus Term: CYBERNETICS; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: BINARY system (Mathematics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moldauer, Peter
T1  - The ABM Comes to Town.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1969/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 20
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article discusses the military installations of anti-ballistic missile (ABM) with thermonuclear warheads in the U.S. Over the past decade, the concept of an ABM defense against intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) has undergone several changes but recently it just show that the army intended to install most of sentinel sites near large metropolitan areas. The army has located potential sentinel sites wherein most have populations of a million or two and recent site acquisition activities in Boston, Chicago and Seattle areas. It is also agreed that the location of these sites must be within 20 miles or less of the centers of population of the metropolitan areas.
KW  - STRATEGIC Defense Initiative
KW  - ANTIMISSILE missiles
KW  - INTERCONTINENTAL ballistic missiles
KW  - METROPOLITAN areas
KW  - TACTICAL missiles -- Warheads
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - UNITED States. Army
N1  - Accession Number: 21499720; Moldauer, Peter 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist in the Reactor Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1969, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p4; Subject Term: STRATEGIC Defense Initiative; Subject Term: ANTIMISSILE missiles; Subject Term: INTERCONTINENTAL ballistic missiles; Subject Term: METROPOLITAN areas; Subject Term: TACTICAL missiles -- Warheads; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Buchanan, J R
AU  - Kidd, E M.
T1  - Development of a computer system with console capabiligy for the nuclear safety information center
JO  - In North, Jeanne B., Ed. Proceedings Of The American Society For Information Science. Volume 6. 32nd Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California, October 1-4, 1969. 1969. Greenwood Publishing Corporation, Westport, Conn.; London, England. P. 151-158. 5 Illu
JF  - In North, Jeanne B., Ed. Proceedings Of The American Society For Information Science. Volume 6. 32nd Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California, October 1-4, 1969. 1969. Greenwood Publishing Corporation, Westport, Conn.; London, England. P. 151-158. 5 Illu
Y1  - 1969///
M3  - Book
AB  - The nuclear safety information center collects, analyzes, and disseminates information related to safety problems encountered in the design, analysis and operation of nuclear facilities. Computer programs were developed in 1965 for the ibm-7090 to support these activities through sdi, retrospective searches, and indexed bibliographies. The programs served the needs of nsic well; however, starting in 1967, the system was converted to an ibm-360 with on line consoles and with direct access storage devices. The development, capability, and conversion of the computer system are discussed along with problems that have been encountered. The services and publications of nsic are also discussed.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0401799; Buchanan, J R 1; Kidd, E M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Nuclear Safety Information Center, Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: 1969; Note: Update Code: 0400; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Griffin, Hillis L
T1  - Computer programming for library applications
JO  - In Smith, Gloria L., Ed.; Meyer, Robert S., Ed. Library Use Of Computers, An Introduction. Sla Monograph No. 3. 1969. Special Libraries Association, 235 Park Avenue South, New York 10003. P. 1-18. 3 Illus. Ref. See Isa 70-766/y
JF  - In Smith, Gloria L., Ed.; Meyer, Robert S., Ed. Library Use Of Computers, An Introduction. Sla Monograph No. 3. 1969. Special Libraries Association, 235 Park Avenue South, New York 10003. P. 1-18. 3 Illus. Ref. See Isa 70-766/y
Y1  - 1969///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Computer program, programming language, absolute language, assembly language, compiler language, and generator program are defined and explained. The choice of a programming language is discussed briefly. Problems of the transferability of programs from one computer to another are indicated. A manual procedure for writing overdue notices is contrasted with a pseudo-assembly language program for the same purpose.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0500688; Griffin, Hillis L 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory.;  Source Info: 1969; Note: Update Code: 0500; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, Richard F.
AU  - Phillips, David L.
T1  - The Logarithmic Error and Newton's Method for the Square Root.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1969/02//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 88
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The problem of obtaining optimal starting values for the calculation of the square root using Newton's method is considered. It has been pointed out elsewhere that if relative error is used as the measure of goodness of fit, optimal results are not obtained when the initial approximation is a best fit. It is shown here that if, instead, the so-called logarithmic error is used, then a best initial fit is optimal for both types of error. Moreover, use of the logarithmic error appears to simplify the problem of determining the optimal initial approximation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - NEWTON-Raphson method
KW  - SQUARE root
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - best fit
KW  - error curve
KW  - integer root
KW  - logorithmic error
KW  - maximal error
KW  - Newton's method
KW  - optimal approximation
KW  - recurrence relation
KW  - relative error
KW  - square root
N1  - Accession Number: 5243613; King, Richard F. 1; Phillips, David L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: Feb1969, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p87; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: NEWTON-Raphson method; Subject Term: SQUARE root; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: best fit; Author-Supplied Keyword: error curve; Author-Supplied Keyword: integer root; Author-Supplied Keyword: logorithmic error; Author-Supplied Keyword: maximal error; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton's method; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimal approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: recurrence relation; Author-Supplied Keyword: relative error; Author-Supplied Keyword: square root; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/362848.362861
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaye, S. V.
AU  - Rohwer, P. S.
AU  - Cowser, K. E.
AU  - Snyder, W. S.
T1  - Predicting Radiation Dose Equivalents for Populations I. Dose Models and Methods of Application.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1969/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 238
EP  - 241
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article focuses on the importance of estimation models and methods in predicting radiation dose. The nuclear explosions made in the excavation at a sea-level canal will possibly result to the exposure of human population in finite radiation. The methods of calculating the possible exposures are needed to make a radiological safety. Estimating dose equivalents also needs biological data of the human population, as well as radionuclides inventory, environmental factors, biological parameters and dose-estimation equation.
KW  - Population
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Estimation theory
KW  - Radiation dosimetry
KW  - Nuclear explosions
KW  - Nuclear excavation
KW  - Interoceanic canals
KW  - Safety
N1  - Accession Number: 32065830; Kaye, S. V. 1; Rohwer, P. S. 1; Cowser, K. E. 1; Snyder, W. S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the US Atomic Energy Commission;  Source Info: Mar1969, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p238; Thesaurus Term: Population; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Subject Term: Estimation theory; Subject Term: Radiation dosimetry; Subject Term: Nuclear explosions; Subject Term: Nuclear excavation; Subject Term: Interoceanic canals; Subject Term: Safety; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whittaker, R. H.
AU  - Woodwell, G. M.
T1  - STRUCTURE, PRODUCTION AND DIVERSITY OF THE OAK- PINE FOREST AT BROOKHAVEN, NEW YORK.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1969/03//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
EP  - 174
SN  - 00220477
AB  - The article highlights the features of Brookhaven forest in Long Island, New York. It cites that the system of dimension analysis of woody plants is used in detecting stand data for description of Brookhaven forest. It also mentions that the forest, which is referred to as a woodland of small oaks and pine with an open canopy, is comprised of 88 percent tree coverage to ensure protection of vacciniaceous shrubs. Further, it reveals that the distinctive qualities, such as low biomass accumulation ratio and massive oak roots, are considered aspects of fire adaptation.
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Woody plants
KW  - Plant species
KW  - Forest biomass
KW  - Forest fires -- Prevention & control
KW  - Oak
KW  - Long Island (N.Y.)
KW  - New York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 32020302; Whittaker, R. H. 1,2; Woodwell, G. M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2 : Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850;  Source Info: Mar1969, Vol. 57 Issue 1, p155; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Woody plants; Thesaurus Term: Plant species; Thesaurus Term: Forest biomass; Thesaurus Term: Forest fires -- Prevention & control; Subject Term: Oak; Subject: Long Island (N.Y.); Subject: New York (State); Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barber, Richard T.
AU  - White, AIan W.
AU  - Siegelman, H. W.
T1  - EVIDENCE FOR A CRYPTOMONAD SYMBIONT IN THE CILIATE, CYCLOTRICHIUM MEUNIERI.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1969/03//
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 88
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Extracts of the marine ciliate Cyclotrichium meunieri contained chlorophylls a and c, carotenoids, and a phycoerythrin with a single absorbance maximum at 542 nm. This assemblage of pigments suggests that the numerous photosynthetic symbionts present in each ciliate cell belong to the Cryptophyceae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cyanobacteria
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Algology
KW  - Botany
KW  - Carotenoids
KW  - Biological pigments
N1  - Accession Number: 11574474; Barber, Richard T. 1; White, AIan W. 1; Siegelman, H. W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Issue Info: Mar1969, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p86; Thesaurus Term: Cyanobacteria; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Algology; Thesaurus Term: Botany; Subject Term: Carotenoids; Subject Term: Biological pigments; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sweet, Haven C.
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Phytochrome Control of Nyctinasty in Samanea as Modified by Oxgen, Submergence, and Chemicals.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1969/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 776
EP  - 786
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Samanea saman has rapid phytochrome-regulated nyctinasty: red light preceding darkness causes pinnules to close while far-red light allows opening. Not only the initial angle of the pinnules, but the degree of control by phytochrome depends on the "subjective time of day" at which the tissue is exposed. Excised pairs of pinnules close rapidly when submerged in water; such closure is prevented by bubbling oxygen through the water. However, if submergence closure were due solely to low oxygen levels, then nonsubmerged pinnules in a pure nitrogen atmosphere should also close. Instead, they neither close nor respond to light, but they do respond when air is readmitted, indicating that oxygen is necessary for movement rather than for photoreception. The closure of submerged pinnules remains unexplained. Attempts to detect effects of red or far-red on oxygen uptake by pulvinus tissue were unsuccessful. The following method has been used to test the effects of various inhibitors and other substances: pinnules are excised at the first hour of the day, trimmed, submerged in a sealed chamber, given far-red light, and left in darkness while oxygen is bubbled through the medium. Concentrated test solutions are injected either initially or when the red and far-red exposures are given. Thus far, the substances tested have had little or no effect on the phytochrome response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Botany
KW  - Phytochromes
KW  - Plant pigments
KW  - Plant photoreceptors
N1  - Accession Number: 17586301; Sweet, Haven C. 1; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.; Issue Info: 1969, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p776; Thesaurus Term: Oxygen; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Botany; Subject Term: Phytochromes; Subject Term: Plant pigments; Subject Term: Plant photoreceptors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep17586301
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lawson, C. E.
AU  - Orphir, D.
AU  - Shepherd, B. J.
AU  - Spinrad, R. J.
T1  - Three-Dimensional Computer Display.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1969/06//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 310
SN  - 00010782
AB  - A stereographic display terminal has been produced using the raster display (BRAD) recently developed at Brookhaven. The system uses a rotating refresh memory to feed standard television monitors. To produce a stereographic display the computer calculates the projected video images of an object, viewed from two separated paints. The resulting video maps are stored on separate refresh bands of the rotating memory. The two output signals are connected to separate color guns of a color television monitor, thus creating superimposed image on the screen. Optical separation is achieved by viewing the image through color filters. The display is interactive and can be viewed by a large group of people at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER terminals
KW  - TELEVISION
KW  - VIDEO display terminals
KW  - MICROCOMPUTER workstations (Computers)
KW  - MAINFRAME computers
KW  - INFORMATION display systems
KW  - color separation
KW  - computer graphics
KW  - interactive stereographic terminal
KW  - swept raster display
KW  - three-dimensional display
KW  - video map
N1  - Accession Number: 5206719; Lawson, C. E.; Orphir, D. 1; Shepherd, B. J. 1; Spinrad, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Issue Info: Jun69, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p309; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER terminals; Thesaurus Term: TELEVISION; Thesaurus Term: VIDEO display terminals; Thesaurus Term: MICROCOMPUTER workstations (Computers); Thesaurus Term: MAINFRAME computers; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION display systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: color separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer graphics; Author-Supplied Keyword: interactive stereographic terminal; Author-Supplied Keyword: swept raster display; Author-Supplied Keyword: three-dimensional display; Author-Supplied Keyword: video map; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kline, Jerry R.
AU  - McIntosh, Robert P.
T1  - Disturbing Idea.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1969/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 8
M3  - Letter
SP  - 673
EP  - 674
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Today the Environment, Tomorrow the World," by Dr. Frederick E. Smith in a 1969 issue.
KW  - Transpiration of plants
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 32079778; Kline, Jerry R. 1; McIntosh, Robert P. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Radiological Physics, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2 : Department of Biology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana;  Source Info: Aug1969, Vol. 19 Issue 8, p673; Thesaurus Term: Transpiration of plants; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Butler, Margaret K.
AU  - Rosen, Saul
AU  - W. S. D.
T1  - Editor's Postview . . .
JO  - Computing Surveys
JF  - Computing Surveys
Y1  - 1969/09//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 177
EP  - 177
SN  - 00104892
AB  - Presents a response by Saul Rosen to a letter to the editor about his article "Electronic Computers: A Historical Survey."
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 16259793; Butler, Margaret K. 1; Rosen, Saul; W. S. D.; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Sep69, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p177; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
T1  - L-Dopa in Parkinson's Disease
CT  - L-Dopa in Parkinson's Disease
JO  - Hosp. Pract.
JF  - Hosp. Pract.
Y1  - 1969/09/01/
VL  - 4
IS  - Sep
SP  - 35
EP  - 41
AD  - Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York
N1  - Accession Number: 7-1845; Language: English; Chemical Name: Manganese--7439-96-5; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents dopa; References: 10; Journal Coden: HOPRBW; Section Heading: Drug Evaluations; Abstract Author: Henry K. Crawley, III
N2  - This article discusses the relationship between chronic manganese poisoning of Chilean miners and Parkinson's disease. Both diseases affect the extrapyramidal system of the brain and are alike in their clinical manifestations. Biochemical research led to the use of L-dopa, which is effective in both diseases.
KW  - Dopa--L--;
KW  - Manganese--poisoning-;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--dopa--L-;
KW  - Antidotes--dopa--L-, poisoning, manganese, chronic;
KW  - Poisoning--manganese--chronic, L-dopa therapy;
KW  - Toxicity--manganese--poisoning, chronic, L-dopa therapy;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - The Third International Conference on Science and Society.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1969/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 23
EP  - 26
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Information about several issues discussed at the Third Herceg Novi International Conference on Science and Society at Herceg Novi in Yugoslavia on June 30, 1969 is presented. Scientists, artists, politicians, philosophers and writers who participated the event have considered future developments and advancements in science, research and development. The future of cybernetic technology, problems of developing countries, economic analysis and forecasting and science policy were also discussed.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - SCIENCE -- Social aspects
KW  - RESEARCH & development
KW  - CYBERNETICS
KW  - ECONOMIC forecasting
KW  - SCIENCE & state
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - YUGOSLAVIA
N1  - Accession Number: 21498802; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.;  Source Info: Nov1969, Vol. 25 Issue 9, p23; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: SCIENCE -- Social aspects; Subject Term: RESEARCH & development; Subject Term: CYBERNETICS; Subject Term: ECONOMIC forecasting; Subject Term: SCIENCE & state; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject: YUGOSLAVIA; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Cohn, Waldo E
T1  - Representation of macromolecules and polymers of biological importance
JO  - Journal of Chemical Documentation
JF  - Journal of Chemical Documentation
Y1  - 1969/11//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 241
SN  - 00219576
AB  - The structural analysis of natural polymers-proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids-has progressed to the point where long sequences, over 100 in many cases, of nonidentical monomeric units can be accurately positioned. Since even the accepted trivial names of the amino acids, monosaccharides, and nucleotides derived by hydrolysis, and thus considered to be the base units of the polymers, are too long for this situation, 3- or 1-letter contractions are employed in horizontal arrays. Known sequences are indicated by hyphens representing peptide, glycoside, or phosphodiester links, and unknown ones by commas between residues. Substitution on functional groups other than those in the linear main chain are symbolized by vertical bonds at the appropriate symbols. These conventions for the natural polymers have been extended to the polynucleotides recently synthesized by chemical and enzymic means, where homopolymers, repeating copolymers, and interchain associations are encountered. The source-based name, 'polymer of,' is reduced to either the prefix 'poly' or the subscript suffix 'n' (e.g., poly a or an). Known and random sequences in copolymers utilize the hyphen and comma, respectively (e.g., (a-u)n and (a,u)n). Interchain association (noncovalent) is shown by the center dot (as in (a)n (u)m), nonassociation by a plus sign (a)n + (g)m), and indefiniteness by a comma between the symbols defining each chain.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0502228; Cohn, Waldo E 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.;  Source Info: November 1969, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p235; Note: Update Code: 0500; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
T1  - Metabolic modification of some neurologic disorders
CT  - Metabolic modification of some neurologic disorders
JO  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
JF  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
Y1  - 1969/11/17/
VL  - 210
IS  - Nov 17
SP  - 1255
EP  - 1262
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 7-3001; Language: English; Trade Name: Vitamin B6; Generic Name: Pyridoxine; Chemical Name: Levodopa--59-92-7 Pyridoxine--65-23-6; References: 49; Journal Coden: JAMAAP; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Abstract Author: Dale E. Johnson
N2  - A review of research leading to the use of L-dopa in Parkinson's syndrome and use of 5-hydroxytryptophan in the hypertonia of Down's syndrome commonly found in manganese poisoning is presented. Pharmacological and biochemical considerations of the dopamine precursor (L-dopa) and the serotonin precursor (5-hydroxytryptophan) are also discussed. It was found that both levodopa and the dopamine synthesized from it can bind vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and the administration of this vitamin results in diminution of several of the effects of dopa. This apparent interaction between dopa and pyridoxine metabolism is important for 2 reasons: (1) administration of L-dopa may induce pyridoxine deficiency and this might tend to defeat the therapeutic purpose because the vitamin is a cofactor in the synthesis of dopamine from dopa and, (2) administration of pyridoxine hydrochloride did not always result in an overall cancellation of the effects of L-dopa.
KW  - Levodopa--use, pharmacological and biochemical considerations, and possible interaction with vitamin B6-;
KW  - Hydroxytryptophan--5--;
KW  - Pyridoxine--interactions-;
KW  - Drug interactions--dopa--and vitamin B6, effects;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoel, D. G.
AU  - Mazumdar, M.
T1  - A CLASS OF SEQUENTIAL TESTS FOR AN EXPONENTIAL PARAMETER.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1969/12//
VL  - 64
IS  - 328
M3  - Article
SP  - 1549
EP  - 1559
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Weiss [5] and Freeman and Weiss [2] have shown how to construct sampling plans which at least approximately minimize the maximum expected sample size in the case of Bernoulli and Normal populations. In this paper we construct sequential procedures of this type for the testing of an exponential parameter. An invariance property of the stepping region is presented which simplifies the construction of the Bayes regions. Several sampling plans are given and some of their properties are obtained, [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - BERNOULLI numbers
KW  - METHODOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 4604233; Hoel, D. G. 1; Mazumdar, M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; 2: Westinghouse Research Laboratories.; Issue Info: Dec69, Vol. 64 Issue 328, p1549; Thesaurus Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: PROBLEM solving; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: BERNOULLI numbers; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chorney, William
AU  - Rakosnik Jr., Edward
AU  - Dipert, Merlin H.
AU  - Dedolph, Richard R.
T1  - Rhythmic-Flowering Response in Cocklebur.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1970/01//1/1/1970
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 32
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article focuses on the study which determines the possibility that the photoperiodic flowering response of Xanthium pensylvanicum is cyclic. To test, cocklebur plants were used as the subject, exposing for from 15 to 160 hour of continuous light prior to the dark treatment. They were also examined when removed from dark treatment as well as during their exposure under high-light period with a maintained temperature. After examining the output with the use of a damped harmonic function, it was revealed that the rhythmic-flowering cycle is initiated by the onset of darkness. Their flowering hormone is also found to be elaborated by leaves in darkness.
KW  - Effect of light on plants
KW  - Flowers
KW  - Xanthium
KW  - Light -- Physiological effect
KW  - Plant photoperiodism
KW  - Botany -- Study & teaching
KW  - Life sciences -- Study & teaching
KW  - Flowering of plants
KW  - Temperature -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 32095854; Chorney, William 1; Rakosnik Jr., Edward 1; Dipert, Merlin H. 1; Dedolph, Richard R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Biological and Medica! Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, III;  Source Info: 1/1/1970, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p31; Thesaurus Term: Effect of light on plants; Thesaurus Term: Flowers; Subject Term: Xanthium; Subject Term: Light -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: Plant photoperiodism; Subject Term: Botany -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: Life sciences -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: Flowering of plants; Subject Term: Temperature -- Physiological effect; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Peskin, Arnold M
T1  - Associative capabilities for mass storage through array organization
JO  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies. Afips Conference Proceedings, Volume 37, 1970 Fall Joint Computer Conference, November 17-19, 1970, Houston, Texas. 1970. Afips Press, 210 Summit Avenue, Montvale, New Jersey 07645. P. 615-620. 6
JF  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies. Afips Conference Proceedings, Volume 37, 1970 Fall Joint Computer Conference, November 17-19, 1970, Houston, Texas. 1970. Afips Press, 210 Summit Avenue, Montvale, New Jersey 07645. P. 615-620. 6
Y1  - 1970///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - An associative memory system has been designed which exhibits excellent cost performance characteristics by taking advantage of recent developments in integrated circuit technology and a unique method of organization and interaction between conventional and content addressable storage arrays. A large conventional memory matrix is connected adjacent to the small content-addressable army. The organization of information and interactivity of matrices is specified so that, for many important applications, the large conventional storage itself virtually exhibits the property of content-addressability. A discussion is presented on the implementation of this scheme for file-scanning operations at brookhaven national laboratory utilizing the brooknet digital communications network.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0600413; Peskin, Arnold M 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.;  Source Info: 1970; Note: Update Code: 0600; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kertesz, F
T1  - Collaboration between information analysis centers at a large multipurpose laboratory
JO  - In International Atomic Energy Agency, Handling Of Nuclear Information. Proceedings Of The Symposium On The Handling Of Nuclear Information, Vienna. 16-20 February 1970. 1970. Iaea, Vienna. P. 103 Ff. See Isa 71-541/y, 72-080/y
JF  - In International Atomic Energy Agency, Handling Of Nuclear Information. Proceedings Of The Symposium On The Handling Of Nuclear Information, Vienna. 16-20 February 1970. 1970. Iaea, Vienna. P. 103 Ff. See Isa 71-541/y, 72-080/y
Y1  - 1970///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - During the last decade, a large number of information analysis centers have been established in the u.s. Some of the centers are connected with 'paper-handling' organizations, such as document depositories or special libraries; they usually do not qualify as true 'analytical' centers because there are no 'working scientists' to support the center's information activities. Centers also find a home in single-purpose institutions in which the specific field of science or engineering is cultivated, such as specialized industrial laboratories. The third alternative is to locate groups of information centers within the framework of a large, multipurpose laboratory. Of necessity, they interact with each other and influence-it is to be hoped, for the better-the scientific program of the host agency.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0702235; Kertesz, F 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.;  Source Info: 1970; Note: Update Code: 0700; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Goldberg, Murrey D
T1  - Worldwide network for exchange of neutron physics numerical data
JO  - In North, Jeanne B., Ed. The Information Conscious Society. Proceedings Of The American Society For Information Science. Volume 7. 33rd Annual' Meeting, Philadelphia, October 11-15, 1970. American Society For Information Science, 1140 Connecticut Avenue
JF  - In North, Jeanne B., Ed. The Information Conscious Society. Proceedings Of The American Society For Information Science. Volume 7. 33rd Annual' Meeting, Philadelphia, October 11-15, 1970. American Society For Information Science, 1140 Connecticut Avenue
Y1  - 1970///
M3  - Book
AB  - A computer-based exchange system has been developed and implemented to provide a mechanism for transmission of the numerical data of neutron physics (along with associated information which defines their significance) within a worldwide network of information centers. Four centers, located at brookhaven, ,paris, vienna, and obninsk (ussr), service the needs of the world for such data. The ambiguities involved in the process of measurement of neutron interactions are in conflict with the needs of users for unambiguous information. This problem necessitates a sophisticated system in which detailed information is conveyed in both free text and in a fixed, machine-retrievable form. The nature of the problem and the solution embodied in the network exchange systerm are briefly described. The idea of generalizing the solution to similar situations confronting other numerical data systems is introduced.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0600198; Goldberg, Murrey D 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.;  Source Info: 1970; Note: Update Code: 0600; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Mena, I.;
AU  - Court, J.;
AU  - Fuenzalida, S.;
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
T1  - Chronic manganese poisoning: treatment with L-Dopa or 5-OH tryptophane
CT  - Chronic manganese poisoning: treatment with L-Dopa or 5-OH tryptophane
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
Y1  - 1970/01/01/
VL  - 282
IS  - Jan 1
SP  - 5
EP  - 0
SN  - 00284793
AD  - reprints: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 7-3648; Language: English; Chemical Name: Levodopa--59-92-7 Manganese--7439-96-5; References: 17; Journal Coden: NEJMAG; Section Heading: Drug Evaluations
N2  - Six patients with hypokinetic forms of chronic manganese poisoning received slowly increasing oral doses of L-dopa (levodopa) up to 8.0 g./day distributed through the day. Five showed striking reduction or disappearance of rigidity and of hypokinesia, marked improvement of postural reflexes and restitution of balance. In the sixth L-dopa induced weakness, increased muscular hypotonia, increased tremor and aggravation of hypokinesia. This sixth was greatly improved by D,L-5-hydroxytryptophane (3.0 g./day). Two patients with severe dystonia from chronic manganese poisoning were markedly improved by L-dopa. Most of the effects of L-dopa disappeared a few days after substitution of placebo for the drug. In sharp contrast to Parkinsonian patients, the present subjects have not shown choreoathetoid movements thus far. In 8 persons with normal extrapyramidal function, who served as controls, slow increases in oral doses of L-dopa up to 1.0 g. six times a day induced muscular hypotonia but no weakness. Side effects seen with L-dopa included hypertensive crisis and anxiety. Possible mechanisms of action are discussed.
KW  - Levodopa--manganese poisoning-;
KW  - Manganese--poisoning-;
KW  - Poisoning--manganese--chronic, levodopa therapy;
KW  - Toxicity--manganese--chronic poisoning, levodopa therapy;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, William A.
T1  - Energy turnover by dogwood Cornus florida L. trees.
JO  - Oikos
JF  - Oikos
Y1  - 1970/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 75
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00301299
AB  - Dogwood (Cornus florida L.) trees 13 to 18 years old lost 17 % of total tree weight and 16 % of their energy content by leaf fall. The weighted caloric equivalent of woody tissues averaged 4.56 Kcal/g ovendry (4.68 Kcal/g ash-free); that of foliage at time of abscission was 4.19 Kcal/g ovendry (4.59 Kcalfg ash-free). Weight loss significantly exceeded energy loss from decomposing leaves during the first 26 weeks in litter. The caloric value of different tree components varied greatly, ranging from 4.19 to 4.92 Kcalfg ovendry and from 4.59 to 5.38 Kcal/g on the ash-free basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oikos is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant morphology
KW  - Flowering dogwood
KW  - Dogwoods
KW  - Abscission (Botany)
KW  - Plant cells & tissues
KW  - Body weight
KW  - Florida
N1  - Accession Number: 17744262; Thomas, William A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Radiation Ecology Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: 1970, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p71; Thesaurus Term: Plant morphology; Subject Term: Flowering dogwood; Subject Term: Dogwoods; Subject Term: Abscission (Botany); Subject Term: Plant cells & tissues; Subject Term: Body weight; Subject: Florida; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Whetsel, H B
T1  - Guidelines for reviewers and the editor at the nuclear safety information center
JO  - Report Ornl-nsic-47. 1970 January. 156 P. 0 Ref. Edrs: Ed-052 803; Hc $6.58, Mf $0.65. Sponsored By Atomic Energy Commission, Oak Ridge
JF  - Report Ornl-nsic-47. 1970 January. 156 P. 0 Ref. Edrs: Ed-052 803; Hc $6.58, Mf $0.65. Sponsored By Atomic Energy Commission, Oak Ridge
Y1  - 1970///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The main purpose of this report is to help novice reviewers accelerate their apprenticeship at the nuclear safety information center, a computerized information service sponsored by the u.s. Atomic energy commission. Guidelines for reviewers are presented in part 1; part 2 contains guidelines for the novice editor. The goal of the reviewers and the editor is to ensure that meaningful, correctly indexed abstracts of nuclear-safety information move quickly from the center to the computer, which is used in making fast liteature searches for those who subscribe to its services. Many examples, with comments, are provided to illustrate key points, and the slant is toward useful integration of certain aspects of the jobs so that subscribers can be reasonably satisfied with the literature searches they request.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0701191; Whetsel, H B 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.;  Source Info: 1970; Note: Update Code: 0700; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Johnson, Horton A
T1  - Information theory in biology after 18 years
JO  - Science 168(3939), 1545-1550 (1970 June 26). 9 Ref
JF  - Science 168(3939), 1545-1550 (1970 June 26). 9 Ref
Y1  - 1970///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Despite initial high hopes, information theory has offered the experimental biologist little more than vague insights and beguiling terminology. For the description of living systems, 'information' as measured by 'negentropy' (an extensive property) must be moduolated by an intensive property (as temperature is for themodynamic entropy) which would indicate the biological relevance or purposefulness of the information. Moreover, several kinds of information in living systems must be defined operationally. In relation to some of these kinds of information, a living system is a closed system for which conservation rules of predictive value might be established. With similar modifications, information theory may yet provide a tool for coming to quantitative grips with varied phenomena, such as cell proliferation, aging, and chemical homeostatis.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0602633; Johnson, Horton A 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory.;  Source Info: 1970; Note: Update Code: 0600; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen-Miller, J.
T1  - Some Thoughts on the Nuclear Agro-Industrial Complex.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1970/01/15/
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
EP  - 100
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reports on the provocative and challenging use of nuclear energy to increase agricultural productivity. It emphasizes the agro-industrial complex proposed by members of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which is based on the application of nuclear power to the production of food. Meanwhile, R. P. Hammond of ORNL, in response to the Senate's theme of peaceful uses of nuclear energy, originated the idea of using nuclear reactors for water desalination. Moreover, electricity generated as a byproduct would be utilized for the electrolytic production of hydrogen, a key component for heavy chemical processes.
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Agricultural productivity
KW  - Agricultural economics
KW  - Farm management
KW  - Food production
KW  - Nuclear reactors
KW  - Production (Economic theory)
KW  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
KW  - Hammond, R. P.
N1  - Accession Number: 32073648; Shen-Miller, J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill.;  Source Info: 1/15/1970, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p98; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural productivity; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural economics; Thesaurus Term: Farm management; Thesaurus Term: Food production; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactors; Subject Term: Production (Economic theory); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Duffield, Robert B.
T1  - AN ADDENDUM.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1970/02//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 15
EP  - 16
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Provides an addendum to an article by Michael J. Moravssik in this issue of 'Science and Public Affairs.' Suggests that participation in research at national laboratories by university students and staff would be mutually beneficial. Also advises that research programs at the national laboratories avoid competition and duplication in basic research with universities.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - RESEARCH institutes
KW  - SCIENTIFIC bureaus -- United States
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - SCIENTIFIC method
KW  - UNIVERSITIES & colleges
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 21569419; Duffield, Robert B. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Laboratory Director, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Feb1970, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p15; Historical Period: 1960 to 1970; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: RESEARCH institutes; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC bureaus -- United States; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC method; Subject Term: UNIVERSITIES & colleges; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gustafson, Philip F.
T1  - Nuclear Power and Thermal Pollution: Zion, Illinois.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1970/03//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 23
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Examines the technical problems of power production and pollution in light of Commonwealth Edison Company's experiences. Concludes that "nuclear power generation in the amount contemplated by 1975 gives no cause for immediate concern from either a thermal or radiation standpoint." This conclusion is based on limited experience, and environmental studies are needed. Primary and secondary sources; 5 illus.
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - SULFUR dioxide
KW  - THERMAL pollution of rivers, lakes, etc.
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - Illinois (Zion)
KW  - Pollution, thermal
KW  - COMMONWEALTH Edison Co.
N1  - Accession Number: 21569430; Gustafson, Philip F. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Associate Director, Radiological Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Mar1970, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p17; Historical Period: 1970; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: SULFUR dioxide; Subject Term: THERMAL pollution of rivers, lakes, etc.; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject: ILLINOIS; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cagan, Carl
AU  - Cochran, Michael L.
AU  - Smith Jr., A. Gilmore
AU  - Bender, A. Douglas
AU  - Moss, R.
AU  - O'Hara Jr., F. M.
T1  - Brief Communications.
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Y1  - 1970/03//Mar/Apr1970
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 166
SN  - 00028231
AB  - The article presents news items related to information science. Term-term correlations have been computed from term-document matrices. The methods proposed thus far have not been practical for large matrices. In a recent paper, it was observed that there have been very few attempts to determine the cost of information centers and their services. It has been concluded that the sound cost accounting procedures can be applied to the operations of an information center and that relevant cost information may be useful as a measure of the center's operating performance.
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - INFORMATION services
KW  - COST accounting
KW  - TERMS & phrases
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - PERFORMANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 17219917; Cagan, Carl 1; Cochran, Michael L. 2; Smith Jr., A. Gilmore 2; Bender, A. Douglas 2; Moss, R. 3; O'Hara Jr., F. M. 4; Affiliations: 1: California State College, Dominguez Hills Dominguez Hills, California 90247.; 2: Research & Development Division Smith Kline & French Laboratories, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.; 3: Science and Engineering Library, University of Bradford, Bradford, Yorkshire, England.; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Mar/Apr1970, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p163; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION science; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION services; Thesaurus Term: COST accounting; Subject Term: TERMS & phrases; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: PERFORMANCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Volpi, Alexander
T1  - Expectations From SALT.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1970/04//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 34
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on the impact of the Strategic Arms Limitations Talks through the implications of the multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) in world politics. The general limitation on the country's strategic arms level is considered to be the best and most cost-effective procedure that may lead to a more secure detente. The introduction of MIRV technology presents uncertainty in the effectiveness of any arms limitation treaty which could be the most dangerous implication for the future. Security without trust has been regarded as the country's mutual problem since territorial integrity protection includes massive, conventional armies with non-nuclear equipment.
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - WEAPONS -- Design & construction
KW  - MULTIPLE independently targetable reentry vehicles
KW  - ANTIAIRCRAFT missiles
KW  - TREATIES
KW  - INTEGRITY
KW  - DETENTE
KW  - ARMED Forces
KW  - WEAPONS industry
KW  - WORLD politics
N1  - Accession Number: 21569447; De Volpi, Alexander 1; Affiliations: 1 : Associate Physicist, Reactor Physics Division of Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Apr1970, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p6; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: WEAPONS -- Design & construction; Subject Term: MULTIPLE independently targetable reentry vehicles; Subject Term: ANTIAIRCRAFT missiles; Subject Term: TREATIES; Subject Term: INTEGRITY; Subject Term: DETENTE; Subject Term: ARMED Forces; Subject Term: WEAPONS industry; Subject Term: WORLD politics; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wahl, Arnold C.
T1  - CHEMISTRY BY COMPUTER.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1970/04//
VL  - 222
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 70
SN  - 00368733
AB  - The article discusses several computed quantum-mechanical models for the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. The article presents a description of the wave equation of Schrödinger from which the electron orbital determination of atoms and molecules is based. Also included are the steps in simplifying the equation. The computation of molecular properties is tackled. Information on Bison computing tool is provided.
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Quantum theory
KW  - Wave equation
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Atoms
KW  - Molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 22549561; Wahl, Arnold C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Associate chemist, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Apr1970, Vol. 222 Issue 4, p54; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Subject Term: Quantum theory; Subject Term: Wave equation; Subject Term: Electronic structure; Subject Term: Atoms; Subject Term: Molecules; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reynolds, John C.
T1  - GEDANKEN--A Simple Typeless Language Based on the Principle of Completeness and the Reference Concept.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1970/05//
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 319
SN  - 00010782
AB  - GEDAN KEN is an experimental programming language with the following characteristics. (1) Any value which is permitted in some context of the language is permissible in any other meaningful context. In particular, functions and labels are permissible results of functions and values of variables. (2) Assignment and indirect addressing are formalized by introducing values, called references, which in turn possess other values. The assignment operation always affects the relation between some reference and its value. (3) All compound data structures are treated as functions. (4) Type declarations are not permitted. The functional approach to data structures and the use of references insure that any process which accepts some data structure will accept any logically equivalent structure, regards less of its internal representation. More generally, any data structure may be implicit; i.e. it may be specified by giving an arbitrary algorithm for computing or accessing its components. The existence of label variables permits the construction of co-routines, quasi-parallel processes, and other unorthodox control mechanisms. A variety of programming examples illustrates the generality of the language. Limitations and possible extensions are discussed briefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - DATA structures (Computer science)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - FILE organization (Computer science)
KW  - GEDANKEN (Computer program language)
KW  - applicative language
KW  - assignment
KW  - coroutine
KW  - data structure
KW  - lambda calculus
KW  - list processing
KW  - nondeterministic algorithm
KW  - programming language
KW  - quasi-parallel process
KW  - reference
KW  - typeless language
N1  - Accession Number: 5247920; Reynolds, John C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: May70, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p308; Thesaurus Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Thesaurus Term: DATA structures (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Thesaurus Term: FILE organization (Computer science); Subject Term: GEDANKEN (Computer program language); Author-Supplied Keyword: applicative language; Author-Supplied Keyword: assignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: coroutine; Author-Supplied Keyword: data structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: lambda calculus; Author-Supplied Keyword: list processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: nondeterministic algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: programming language; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasi-parallel process; Author-Supplied Keyword: reference; Author-Supplied Keyword: typeless language; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillstrom, K. E.
AU  - Timlake, W. P.
T1  - Comparison of Several Adaptive Newton-Cotes Quadrature Routines in Evaluating Definite Integrals...
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1970/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
EP  - 365
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This report compares the performance of five different adaptive quadrature schemes, based on Newton-Cotes (2N + 1) point rules (N = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), in approximating the set of definite integrals ∫-1¹ (x² + p²)-1 dx with relative accuracy ϵ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - GAUSSIAN quadrature formulas
KW  - INTEGRALS
KW  - INTEGRAL calculus
KW  - NUMERICAL integration
KW  - adaptive Newton-Cotes quadrature
KW  - adaptive numerical integration
KW  - definite integral evaluation
KW  - Newton-Cotes integration
KW  - Newton-Cotes rules applications
KW  - Newton-Cotes rules modifications
KW  - peaked integrand integration
KW  - quadrature efficiency plot
KW  - quadrature scheme comparison
N1  - Accession Number: 5221523; Hillstrom, K. E. 1; Timlake, W. P.; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Issue Info: Jun70, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p362; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN quadrature formulas; Subject Term: INTEGRALS; Subject Term: INTEGRAL calculus; Subject Term: NUMERICAL integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: adaptive Newton-Cotes quadrature; Author-Supplied Keyword: adaptive numerical integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: definite integral evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton-Cotes integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton-Cotes rules applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton-Cotes rules modifications; Author-Supplied Keyword: peaked integrand integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrature efficiency plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrature scheme comparison; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Makinodan, T.;
AU  - Santos, G. W.;
AU  - Quinn, R. P.;
T1  - Immunosuppressive drugs
CT  - Immunosuppressive drugs
JO  - Pharmacol. Rev.
JF  - Pharmacol. Rev.
Y1  - 1970/06/01/
VL  - 22
IS  - Jun
SP  - 189
EP  - 247
AD  - Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box Y, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
N1  - Accession Number: 9-0424; Language: English; References: 459; Journal Coden: PAREAQ; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Abstract Author: Douglas L. Thompson
N2  - This review is restricted primarily to the effects of immunosuppressive drugs on humoral and cell mediated immune responses. The mechanism of immune response at the cellular level is discussed in order to emphasize the various events that may be susceptible to drugs. Emphasis was placed on those drugs that show clinical potential or afford insight into the nature of immune responses. Included is an appendix containing tables with information about the relative effectiveness, dose and type of recipient, of various classes of immunosuppressive drugs.
KW  - Immunosuppressive agents--mechanism of action--on humoral and cell mediated immune responses, review;
KW  - Mechanism of action--immunosuppressive agents--effects, on humoral and cell mediated immune responses;
KW  - Dosage--immunosuppressive agents--and effectiveness in various types of recipients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LeFevre, M. E.
AU  - Wyssbrod, H. R.
AU  - Brodsky, W. A.
T1  - Problems in the Measurement of Tissue Respiration with the Oxygen Electrode.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1970/07//7/1/1970
VL  - 20
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 761
EP  - 764
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reports on the findings of a study that examined the characteristics of the oxygen electrode. It states that the results discussed in the article are derived from data collected in the course of a series of experiments involving the measurement of oxygen consumption of isolated tissues during a period of time. The researchers found two factors that interfere with the accuracy of measurement of oxygen consumption in terms of their effect on the linearity of oxygen consumption including electrode deterioration and diffusion artifacts.
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Oxygen electrodes
KW  - Tissue respiration
KW  - Physiological oxidation
KW  - Oxygen consumption (Physiology)
KW  - Enzyme electrodes
KW  - Tissue metabolism
KW  - Respiratory measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 32078625; LeFevre, M. E. 1; Wyssbrod, H. R. 2; Brodsky, W. A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y. 11973; 2 : Institute for Medical Research and Studies and the Mount Sinai Medical and Graduate Schools of the City University of New York, New York 10010;  Source Info: 7/1/1970, Vol. 20 Issue 13, p761; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion; Thesaurus Term: Oxygen; Subject Term: Oxygen electrodes; Subject Term: Tissue respiration; Subject Term: Physiological oxidation; Subject Term: Oxygen consumption (Physiology); Subject Term: Enzyme electrodes; Subject Term: Tissue metabolism; Subject Term: Respiratory measurements; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paciorek, Kathleen A.
AU  - Fosdick, L. D.
T1  - Algorithms.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1970/07//
VL  - 13
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 446
EP  - 449
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article presents several research papers relating to algorithms. The paper "Greatest Common Divisor of n Integers and Multipliers" presents an algorithm which calculates the greatest common divisor, IGCD, of n integers. Details of the method and comparisons to other algorithms are also given. The algorithm is a new version of the Euclidean algorithm for n integers. The n-1 calculations of the greatest common divisor of two integers is accomplished by means of a modified version of the Blankinship algorithm. The paper "Exponential Integral Ei (x)" presents the results of one phase of research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under Contract NAS7-100, sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. It presents an algorithm which was compiled and executed without any modification on a UNIVAC 1108 computer. An unfortunate precedent has been set in several recent algorithms of using an illegal FORTRAN construction.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - FORTRAN (Computer program language)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - exponential integral
KW  - rational Chebyshev approximation
KW  - special functions
N1  - Accession Number: 17849533; Paciorek, Kathleen A. 1; Fosdick, L. D.; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.; Issue Info: Jul1970, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p446; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: FORTRAN (Computer program language); Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: exponential integral; Author-Supplied Keyword: rational Chebyshev approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: special functions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortiz-Ortiz, L.
AU  - Jaroslow, B.N.
T1  - Enhancement by the Adjuvant, Endotoxin, of an Immune Response Induced <em>in Vitro</em>.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1970/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
EP  - 399
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Effects of endotoxin on the immune response to sheep red cells added in vitro to spleen cell suspensions from unimmunized mice were studied. The optimal dose of endotoxin (1 µg/ml) gave a six-fold increase in the number of plaque-forming cells per 106 viable cells, after 6 days of culture, if it was present from the 12th to the 24th hour after antigen. There was little or no enhancement when endotoxin was given at other times during the 6 days of culture. The response was depressed when the suspension was incubated with endotoxin before the addition of red cells. The periods of RNA and DNA synthesis were determined by adding tritiated uridine and tritiated thymidine, respectively, for 24-hour periods during the 6 days of culture. Synthesis of RNA occurred throughout the culture period whereas DNA synthesis was not detected before 24 hours of culture. We found that the adjuvant action of the endotoxin which was maximum during the 1st day of culture, was associated with an initial phase of RNA synthesis, before DNA synthesis could be detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENDOTOXINS
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - SPLEEN
KW  - DNA synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 13360423; Ortiz-Ortiz, L. 1; Jaroslow, B.N. 2; Source Information: Sep70, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p387; Subject: ENDOTOXINS; Subject: IMMUNE response; Subject: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject: SPLEEN; Subject: DNA synthesis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Carlstedt, B. C.;
AU  - Crespi, H. L.;
AU  - Blake, M. I.;
AU  - Katz, J. J.;
T1  - Biosynthesis of deuterated benzyl penicillins. I. Solvent deuterium oxide participation
CT  - Biosynthesis of deuterated benzyl penicillins. I. Solvent deuterium oxide participation
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
JF  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
Y1  - 1970/10/01/
VL  - 59
IS  - Oct
SP  - 1456
EP  - 1460
SN  - 00223549
AD  - Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
N1  - Accession Number: 8-1498; Language: English; Chemical Name: Penicillin G--61-33-6 Deuterium oxide--7789-20-0; References: 34; Journal Coden: JPMSAE; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Microbiology; Abstract Author: D. R. Tousignaut
N2  - The 53-414 strain of Penicillium chrysogenum was cultured in a defined medium containing glucose, acetate, lactate, and phenylacetic acid as carbon sources and 99.8% deuterium oxide as solvent. Partially deuterated benzyl penicillin was isolated from the culture. Incorporation of deuterium appears almost complete at 2 positions: the C-3 position of the thiazolidine ring and the C-6 position of the \b/-lactam ring. A partial incorporation of deuterium at the C-5 position is also observed. The deuterium atoms in the C-5 and C-6 positions apparently arise during biosynthesis of the amino acid cysteine. The deuterium atom at the C-3 position apparently arises either in the biosynthesis of the amino acid valine or in the closing of the thiazolidine ring. Tables are included.
KW  - Penicillin G--derivatives-;
KW  - Deuterium oxide--solvent-;
KW  - Penicillium chrysogenum--cultures--biosynthesis of deuterated benzyl penicillins, deuterium oxide as medium solvent;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - O'Hara, Jr., F. M.1
T1  - Author's Reply.
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
J1  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
PY  - 1970/11//Nov/Dec1970
Y1  - 1970/11//Nov/Dec1970
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
CP  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 430
EP  - 430
SN  - 00028231
AB  - Presents the author's response to Dana L. Roth's article "The Corners and Edges of the Precision-Recall Square."
KW  - Recall (Information retrieval)
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 16747867; Authors: O'Hara, Jr., F. M. 1; Affiliations:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Subject: Letters to the editor; Subject: Recall (Information retrieval); Number of Pages: 1/6p; Record Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lls
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skougaard, M. R.
AU  - Frandsen, A.
AU  - Baker, D. G.
T1  - Collagen metabolism of skin and periodontal membrane in the squirrel monkey.
JO  - Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
JF  - Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
Y1  - 1970/11//
VL  - 78
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
EP  - 377
SN  - 0029845X
AB  - Glucocorticoid administration is known to have an inhibitive effect on collagen activity. It can be assumed that this effect also takes place in the periodontal membrane (PDM). The purpose of the present investigation was to investigate whether this reduction in PDM collagen activity is reflected in the autoradiographic grain count score. Ten young adult male squirrel monkeys were injected with 3H-proline and sacrificed 48 hours after the injection. Five of the animals were injected with Ultra-cortenol® 72 and 24 hours prior to sacrifice. Grain count analysis was carried out on autoradiographs from sections of premolars, and skin biopsies were analyzed with respect to NaCl soluble 3H-activity. In the skin the activity found in the soluble fraction was lower in the Ultracortenol-treated than in the control animals (319 ± 56 cpm/mg compared to 629 ± 70 cpm/mg). Autoradiographic grain counts were carried out over the periodontal membrane, the average number of grains was lower in the Ultracortenol-injected than in the control animals. This was true for all areas of the periodontal mem-brane examined. The significance of the autoradiographic grain count score from the PDM following 3H-proline injection is discussed. It is concluded that this parameter is reasonably valid for the assessment of the PDM collagen activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLAGEN
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - SODIUM compounds
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 16614891; Skougaard, M. R. 1,2; Frandsen, A. 1,2; Baker, D. G. 1,2; Source Information: 1970, Vol. 78 Issue 6, p374; Subject: COLLAGEN; Subject: EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins; Subject: METABOLISM; Subject: SODIUM compounds; Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Buchanan, J R
T1  - Nuclear safety information center
JO  - Special Libraries
JF  - Special Libraries
Y1  - 1970/11//
VL  - 61
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 492
EP  - 495
SN  - 00386723
AB  - The nuclear safety information center (nsic) serves as a focal point for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of information related to safety problems encountered in the design, analysis, and operation of nuclear facilities. Nsic issues state-of-the-art reports, operates an s.d.i. (selective dissemination of information) program, publishes indexed bibliographies, prepares retrospective bibliographies, answers technical inquires, operates a program and project information file of scope and progress information on current nuclear safety research contracts, and offers counsel and guidence on safety problems. Its reference files are stored in a central computer that is accessible by means of a telecommunications station. The various products and services are described.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0601124; Buchanan, J R 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.;  Source Info: November 1970, Vol. 61 Issue 9, p492; Note: Update Code: 0600; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Shen-Miller, J.
T1  - Notes After a Conference on Great Lakes Research.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1970/12/15/
VL  - 20
IS  - 24
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 1294
EP  - 1296
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Information about several papers discussed at a symposium sponsored by the Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory of the State College at Buffalo, New York on the ecological problems faced by Great Lakes is presented. Topics include the biology, physical and chemical limnology, meteorology, thermal studies, geology and remote sensing. The symposium featured environmentalist and limnologist and other scientist that discusses options to reconstruct the ecological balance of the Great Lake.
KW  - Limnology
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Ecology -- Congresses
KW  - Environmentalism -- Congresses
KW  - Great Lakes (North America) -- Environmental conditions
KW  - Buffalo (N.Y.)
KW  - New York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 32113545; Shen-Miller, J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill;  Source Info: 12/15/1970, Vol. 20 Issue 24, p1294; Thesaurus Term: Limnology; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Ecology -- Congresses; Subject Term: Environmentalism -- Congresses; Subject Term: Great Lakes (North America) -- Environmental conditions; Subject: Buffalo (N.Y.); Subject: New York (State); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SCHEITLIN, FRANK M.
T1  - Element No. 92.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1970/12/18/
VL  - 170
IS  - 3964
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1295
EP  - 1296
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87924139; SCHEITLIN, FRANK M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Isotopes Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 1970, Vol. 170 Issue 3964, p1295; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Amiot, Lawrence
AU  - Aschenbrenner, Richard A
AU  - Natarajan, N K
T1  - The neurotron monitor system
JO  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies. Afips Conference Proceedings, Volume 39. 1971 Fall Joint Computer Conference, November 16-18, 1971, Las Vegas, Nevada. P. 31-37. 8 Illus. 2 Tab. 6 Ref. Work Performed Under The Auspices Of The U
JF  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies. Afips Conference Proceedings, Volume 39. 1971 Fall Joint Computer Conference, November 16-18, 1971, Las Vegas, Nevada. P. 31-37. 8 Illus. 2 Tab. 6 Ref. Work Performed Under The Auspices Of The U
Y1  - 1971///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Recent hardware monitoring experience has indicated the feasibility and desirability of greater interaction with the monitoring process. This paper describes a system monitor developed with experimenter interaction, data collection, analysis, recording, and display as concurrent operations. By the simple expediency of a semiconductor memory and other more conventional techniques, wide bandwidth in data acquisition is provided. This memory is configured along with an associated arithmetic unit to facilitate a variety of data accumulation experiments. Monitored data and display presentations of instruction and address streaming, sequencing analysis, and cache memory simulation experiments are included as examples of monitor capabilities. The interactive and display facilities of the system have proved especially useful in those environments void of software monitors such as real-time operations computer-controlled experimentation, and in controlled experiments on large systems.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0700689; Amiot, Lawrence 1; Aschenbrenner, Richard A; Natarajan, N K; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.;  Source Info: 1971; Note: Update Code: 0700; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hansen, Wilfred J
T1  - User engineering principles for interactive systems
JO  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies. Afips Conference Proceedings, Volume 39. 1971 Fall Joint Computer Conference, November 16-18, 1971, Las Vegas, Nevada. P. 523-532. 5 Illus. 16 Ref. Work Supported By The U.s. Atomic Energy Commis
JF  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies. Afips Conference Proceedings, Volume 39. 1971 Fall Joint Computer Conference, November 16-18, 1971, Las Vegas, Nevada. P. 523-532. 5 Illus. 16 Ref. Work Supported By The U.s. Atomic Energy Commis
Y1  - 1971///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Many interactive systems are inconvenient to use because the sequence of give and take between man and machine was not well thought out during system design. This paper reports a set of principles-called user engineering principles-which were employed while designing the emily text editing system. The discussion shows how applying user engineering resulted in a clean, user-oriented system. Basic to the system are the principles of 'selection not entry' and 'predictable behavior'. Selection is possible because graphic displays can present a large number of choices very rapidly. From this fact and a construct called a 'holophrast,' the emily system has been designed to have a behavior that a user can deduce from a small set of rules.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0700912; Hansen, Wilfred J 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.;  Source Info: 1971; Note: Update Code: 0700; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gove, N B
T1  - Some good and bad features of present and future systems
JO  - In Madeline B. Henderson, Ed. Interactive Bibliographic Systems. Proceedings Of A Forum Held At Gaithersburg, Maryland, October 4-5, 1971. 1973 April. P. 26-31. 1 Illus. 1 Tab. 1 Ref. Discussion On P. 39-45. See Isa 74-1069/y
JF  - In Madeline B. Henderson, Ed. Interactive Bibliographic Systems. Proceedings Of A Forum Held At Gaithersburg, Maryland, October 4-5, 1971. 1973 April. P. 26-31. 1 Illus. 1 Tab. 1 Ref. Discussion On P. 39-45. See Isa 74-1069/y
Y1  - 1971///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Some ideas are presented on what makes a good on-line information retrieval system, based on the opinion that the information seeker, not a middleman, should sit at the console and push the buttons. Examples are taken from existing systems, particularly from recon. The ideas presented relate to: forms of system-to-user message displays; need for a multiplicity of selection approaches to the data base; desirability of different levels of commands to the system for different levels of users; user-designed output formatting; user message-sending and file storage capabilities; on-line updating; information on system performance; and exploitation of search history for further searching.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0900950; Gove, N B 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.;  Source Info: 1971; Note: Update Code: 0900; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Johnson, Karl O
T1  - Operations of the nuclear desalination information center at the oak ridge national laboratory
JO  - In Vilentchuk, Lydia, Ed.; Haimovic, Gila, Ed. Proceedings Of The Israel Society Of Special Libraries And Information Centres International Conference On Information Science, Tel Aviv, 29 August-3 September, 1971. 1972. P. 157-162; Discussion, P. 169-174
JF  - In Vilentchuk, Lydia, Ed.; Haimovic, Gila, Ed. Proceedings Of The Israel Society Of Special Libraries And Information Centres International Conference On Information Science, Tel Aviv, 29 August-3 September, 1971. 1972. P. 157-162; Discussion, P. 169-174
Y1  - 1971///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The nuclear desalination information center is operated at the oak ridge national laboratory to provide a source of technical information on distillation processes for desalting and on the use of nuclear energy for these processes. More than 1500 abstracts of technical literature have been prepared and stored in a computer-based system with provisions for retrieval by subject, author, and organization. The mechanics and philosophy of operation are described.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0800056; Johnson, Karl O 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.;  Source Info: 1971; Note: Update Code: 0800; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Butler, M K
AU  - Harrison, C, Jr
AU  - Snow, William J
T1  - Access-automation progress at the argonne code center
JO  - In Vilentchuk, Lydia, Ed.; Haimovic, Gila, Ed. Proceedings Of The Isreal Society Of Special Libraries And Information Centres International Conference On Information Science, Tel Aviv, 29 August-3 September, 1971. 1972. P. 715-728; Discussion, P. 737-743
JF  - In Vilentchuk, Lydia, Ed.; Haimovic, Gila, Ed. Proceedings Of The Isreal Society Of Special Libraries And Information Centres International Conference On Information Science, Tel Aviv, 29 August-3 September, 1971. 1972. P. 715-728; Discussion, P. 737-743
Y1  - 1971///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The argonne code center serves as a central information agency and depository for computer programs primarily in the areas of nuclear physics, and reactor design, engineering, and operation. Access, an acronym for argonne code center exchange and storage system, identifies the information storage and retrieval system designed to automate the center's operation. Implemantation of access is on the laboratory's ibm 360/75 computer.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0800078; Butler, M K 1; Harrison, C, Jr; Snow, William J; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois.;  Source Info: 1971; Note: Update Code: 0800; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Julian, Carol
AU  - Parks, Celia
T1  - Information scanning and processing at the nuclear safety information center
JO  - Report Ornl-nsic-48. 1971 July. 55 P. 129 Ref. Edrs: Ed-052 802; Hc $3.29, Mf $0.65. Sponsored By Atomic Energy Commission, Oak Ridge. See Isa 72-1335/m
JF  - Report Ornl-nsic-48. 1971 July. 55 P. 129 Ref. Edrs: Ed-052 802; Hc $3.29, Mf $0.65. Sponsored By Atomic Energy Commission, Oak Ridge. See Isa 72-1335/m
Y1  - 1971///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - This report is a detailed manual of the information specialist's duties at the nuclear safety information center. Information specialists scan the literature for documents to be reviewed, procure the documents (books, journal articles, reports, etc.), keep the document location records, and return the documents to the plant library or other lender. These basic duties (selection and acquisition, cataloging, and general record-keeping) represent some of the key functions in the dissemination of information, and the procedures are designed to achieve the goal of error-free, economical operation.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0701643; Julian, Carol 1; Parks, Celia 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.;  Source Info: 1971; Note: Update Code: 0700; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GHORMLEY, J. A.
AU  - HOCHANADEL, C. J.
T1  - Amorphous Ice: Density and Reflectivity.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/01/08/
VL  - 171
IS  - 3966
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 64
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Amorphous ice prepared under a wide range of conditions has a density, determined from its buoyancy in liquid oxygen, of 0.94 ± 0.02 gram per cubic centimeter, the same as that of ordinary hexagonal ice, with no indication of the glassy superdense ice (2.32 grams per cubic centimeter) reported recently. The diffuse reflectivity shows a small increase as the ice crystallizes at 153° K. This increase is followed by a much larger increase (probably associated with crystal growth) as the sample warms, and the reflectivity reaches a maximum well below the melting temperature. Although the ice deposits appear translucent, the specular reflectivity is low, thus indicating a dull rather than a glassy surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85104226; GHORMLEY, J. A. 1; HOCHANADEL, C. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1/ 8/1971, Vol. 171 Issue 3966, p62; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Stewart, James W.1
AU  - Shank, Jack2
T1  - Daily Demand Modular Flexible Scheduling for Small Schools.
JO  - Educational Leadership
JF  - Educational Leadership
J1  - Educational Leadership
PY  - 1971/02//
Y1  - 1971/02//
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
CP  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
EP  - 541
SN  - 00131784
AB  - The article focuses on the adoption of flexible modular scheduling in schools in the U.S. Schools using modular scheduling are no more successful than others in developing true individualization of instruction, in that their unstated goals are primarily those of administrative convenience plus economy in use of teaching staff and crowded facilities. The modular schedule at J.H. Ames School was developed, refined, and continually evaluated by the instructional faculty with the sole purpose of improvement of teaching and, thereby, the learning experiences of students. The staff sought more meaningful interaction among the students, a variety of media, and a physical facility. New instructional vistas were desired within the personal relationships between students and teachers, at a given moment in time, free of most administrative restraints, particularly the concepts of the necessity of five class meetings per week and the sanctity of a class hour. Intensive work is being done to search out more concrete data on small group instruction.
KW  - Curricula (Courses of study)
KW  - Small schools
KW  - Education -- United States
KW  - Teaching
KW  - Instructional systems
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 18647449; Authors: Stewart, James W. 1; Shank, Jack 2; Affiliations:  1: Assistant Professor of Education, Wisconsin State University, River Falls.;  2: Director, J. H. Ames Laboratory School, Wisconsin State University, River Falls.; Subject: Curricula (Courses of study); Subject: Small schools; Subject: Education -- United States; Subject: Teaching; Subject: Instructional systems; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 4p; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lls
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SUTIN, NORMAN
T1  - Ion Solvation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/02/12/
VL  - 171
IS  - 3971
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 563
EP  - 564
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87513794; SUTIN, NORMAN 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: 2/12/1971, Vol. 171 Issue 3971, p563; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Robert
T1  - Argonne National Laboratory's Affirmative Action Program.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1971/02/15/
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 189
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article provides an assessment of an affirmative action program in Argonne National Laboratory. Argonne National Laboratory, a research institution whose mission is the discovery of new truth and its application to the nation's welfare. This institution is fully committed to do its share in the resolution of the employment opportunity. However, one of the gravest problems in the U.S. is the inequality of economic and career opportunities existing among the races that make up our citizenry. Laws have been passed and promulgated in an effort to ensure that no citizen is treated unfairly.
KW  - Affirmative action programs in education
KW  - Affirmative action programs -- Law & legislation
KW  - Discrimination in education
KW  - Educational equalization
KW  - Selective admission (School)
KW  - Student recruitment
KW  - Educational programs
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 32121226; Jackson, Robert 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director of Information Services, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois;  Source Info: 2/15/1971, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p187; Subject Term: Affirmative action programs in education; Subject Term: Affirmative action programs -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: Discrimination in education; Subject Term: Educational equalization; Subject Term: Selective admission (School); Subject Term: Student recruitment; Subject Term: Educational programs; Subject Term: Laboratories; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Steck, A.;
AU  - Duby, S.;
T1  - Parkinsonism and levodopa
CT  - Parkinsonism and levodopa
JO  - Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (USA)
JF  - Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (USA)
Y1  - 1971/03/01/
VL  - 12
IS  - Mar-Apr (Part 2)
SP  - 319
EP  - 322
SN  - 00099236
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, New York
N1  - Accession Number: 9-0586; Language: English; Chemical Name: Levodopa--59-92-7; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents levodopa; References: 8; Journal Coden: CLPTAT; Section Heading: Pharmacology
N2  - Based on the chemical constitution and metabolism of levodopa as well as on the effects of long-term therapy in patients with parkinsonism, a hypothesis of pharmacologic activity which clearly differentiates it from conventional antiparkinsonian drugs is proposed. Unlike the latter which tend to lose their therapeutic effect with time, levodopa continues to be effective with prolonged therapy, controlling the parkinsonian symptoms, including the characteristic tremor. Also, the troublesome involuntary movements that develop in some patients have been emerging as a function of levodopa consumed cumulatively up to about one year of continuous treatment. It is postulated that levodopa may play a dual role in parkinsonism. It does supply the consumable dopamine lacking in the brain of these patients, but it may also damage the synthesis of certain proteins, possibly those containing methionine, thereby affecting the macromolecular composition of brain tissue. A possible mechanism by which levodopa can function in changing protein synthesis is transmethylation: Siphoning off of labile methyl groups from methionine, the chief methyl source in tissues, is a necessary accompaniment of levodopa therapy. It was proposed that the supply of dopamine to the brain is a necessary but by no means sufficient explanation for the action of levodopa and that the regulation of the transmethylation processes is a more fundamental function of the drug.
KW  - Levodopa--mechanism of action-;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--levodopa--mechanism of action differs from other drugs;
KW  - Mechanism of action--levodopa--differs from other antiparkinsonian drugs;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jordan, Carl F.
T1  - PRODUCTIVITY OF A TROPICAL FOREST AND ITS RELATION TO A WORLD PATTERN OF ENERGY STORAGE.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1971/03//
VL  - 59
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 142
SN  - 00220477
AB  - This article presents a study regarding the productivity of a tropical forest and its relation to a world pattern of energy storage. The International Biological Programme aims to estimate existing and potential plant production in the key climatic regions of the world. Ecologists realized the significance of determining the productivity of natural ecosystems, even before this goal was formally proposed for the program. Consequently, there has been in increase in productivity studies in the ecology.
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Energy storage
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biologists
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Environmental management
KW  - Conservationists
N1  - Accession Number: 32038240; Jordan, Carl F. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Radiological Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, U.S.A;  Source Info: Mar1971, Vol. 59 Issue 1, p127; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Energy storage; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biologists; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Environmental management; Thesaurus Term: Conservationists; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McBrayer, J. F.
AU  - Reichle, D. E.
T1  - Trophic structure and feeding rates of forest soil invertebrate populations.
JO  - Oikos
JF  - Oikos
Y1  - 1971/03//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 388
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00301299
AB  - Trophic level relationships of a soil invertebrate community were determined using the transient behavior of cesium-137 in experimental soil microcosms. Feeding rates were estimated from radionuclide mass balance equations using radiocesium uptake coefficients, equilibrium concentrations of 137Cs in consumers, and 137Cs composition of food bases. The fungivore trophic level included Scatopsidae larvae (Diptera), Enchytraeidae (Annelida), Entomobryidae and Onychiuridae (Collembola), Rhodacaridae (Mesostigmata), and Oribatulidae, Camasiidae, Carabodidae, and Cymbaeremaeidae (Oribatei). Approximately 60 per cent of the total faunal biomass occurred in the fungivore trophic level. Fungivores averaged 7.0 ± 2.4 per cent dry body weight ingested per day. Cecidomyiidae larvae (Diptera), Diplopoda, Isotomidae (Collembola), Uropodina, and Phthiracaridae (Oribatei) were determined to be surface-feeding saprophages. Subsurface-feeding saprophages included Symphyla, Cillibidae (Uropodina), and Palaeacaridae and Epilohmannidae (Oribatei). Surface-feeding saprophages averaged 1.0 ± 0.4 per cent dry body weight ingested per day. Feeding rates were not calculated for saprophages feeding within the mineral soil horizon. Predators included Dolichopodidae larvae (Diptera), gamasine mites, and the Scutacaridae and other prostigmatid mites. Predators averaged 2.5 ± 1.0 per cent dry body weight ingested per day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oikos is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Forest soils
KW  - Invertebrates
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Enchytraeidae
KW  - Scatopsidae
N1  - Accession Number: 17750350; McBrayer, J. F. 1; Reichle, D. E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Entomology, Purdue University.; 2: Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: 1971, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p381; Thesaurus Term: Forest soils; Thesaurus Term: Invertebrates; Thesaurus Term: Cesium; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Enchytraeidae; Subject Term: Scatopsidae; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PRICE, GERALD B.
AU  - MODAK, S. P.
AU  - MAKINODAN, T.
T1  - Age-Associated Changes in the DNA of Mouse Tissue.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/03/05/
VL  - 171
IS  - 3974
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
EP  - 920
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The template activity of DNA with calf thymus DNA polymerase has been studied in sections of fixed brain, liver, and heart tissues from young and senescent mice. The enzyme catalyzed greater incorporation of deoxyribonmucleotide moniophiosphates into nuclei of old mouse neurons, astrocytes, KupfJer cells, and heart muiscle fibers. The results are interpreted as the accumuilation of DNA stranid breaiks with aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85104407; PRICE, GERALD B. 1; MODAK, S. P. 2; MAKINODAN, T. 3; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee- Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Department of Microbiology, Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506; 3: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 3/ 5/1971, Vol. 171 Issue 3974, p917; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - REYNOLDS, SAMUEL A.
T1  - Radioactive Materials: Problems under Scrutiny.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/03/12/
VL  - 171
IS  - 3975
M3  - Article
SP  - 955
EP  - 955
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87438420; REYNOLDS, SAMUEL A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box X, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 3/12/1971, Vol. 171 Issue 3975, p955; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Congdon, C. C.
T1  - Bone Marrow Transplantation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/03/19/
VL  - 171
IS  - 3976
M3  - Article
SP  - 1116
EP  - 1124
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 88002361; Congdon, C. C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Staff of the Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 3/19/1971, Vol. 171 Issue 3976, p1116; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DE VOLPI, A.
T1  - Rebuttal.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/03/26/
VL  - 171
IS  - 3977
M3  - Article
SP  - 1199
EP  - 1199
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87581321; DE VOLPI, A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Applied Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 3/26/1971, Vol. 171 Issue 3977, p1199; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MONTET, GEORGE L.
T1  - New Materials Science of Carbon and Graphite.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/04/02/
VL  - 172
IS  - 3978
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 87
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85104452; MONTET, GEORGE L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Solid State Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 4/ 2/1971, Vol. 172 Issue 3978, p87; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - COPELAND, JAMES C.
T1  - Regulation of Chromosome Replication in Bacillus subtilis: Marker Frequency Analysis after Amino Acid Starvation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/04/09/
VL  - 172
IS  - 3979
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 161
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Marker frequency analysis of DNA isolated from amino acid-starved Bacillus subtilis cells shows that most chromosomes have not completed replication to the terminus. This finding agrees with earlier results concerning replication after amino acid starvation in this organism. The results are not compatible with regulation of chromosome replication at the initiation step only, and they suggest that a second regulatory circuit controls replication under conditions of amino acid starvation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85104478; COPELAND, JAMES C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 4/ 9/1971, Vol. 172 Issue 3979, p159; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - REED, G. W.
AU  - GOLEB, J. A.
AU  - JOVANOVIC, S.
T1  - Surface-Related Mercury in Lunar Samples.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/04/16/
VL  - 172
IS  - 3980
M3  - Article
SP  - 258
EP  - 261
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Lunar samples contain mercury, which may be volatilized at lunar daytime temperatures. Such mercury may constitute part of the tenuous lunar atmosphere. If mercury can escape from the atmosphere by a nonthermal mechanism, an interior reservoir or exterior sources (such as meteorite infall or solar wind, or both) are required to replenish it. Core samples exhibit an increase in surface-related mercury with depth, which suggests that a cold trap exists below the surface. The orientation of rocks on the lunar surface may be inferred by differences in the amounts of surface-related mercury found on exterior and interior samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87499061; REED, G. W. 1; GOLEB, J. A. 1; JOVANOVIC, S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 4/16/1971, Vol. 172 Issue 3980, p258; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PALMEDO, PHILIP F.
T1  - Public Attitudes toward Science: Righting a Wrong.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/04/23/
VL  - 172
IS  - 3981
M3  - Article
SP  - 328
EP  - 329
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85104494; PALMEDO, PHILIP F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973; Issue Info: 4/23/1971, Vol. 172 Issue 3981, p328; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ALLEN, A. O.
T1  - Chemical Detection.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/05/07/
VL  - 172
IS  - 3983
M3  - Article
SP  - 553
EP  - 554
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85104587; ALLEN, A. O. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: 5/ 7/1971, Vol. 172 Issue 3983, p553; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rose, David J.
T1  - Controlled Nuclear Fusion: Status and Outlook.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/05/21/
VL  - 172
IS  - 3985
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
EP  - 808
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85198660; Rose, David J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Director of Long-Range Planning, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (operaited by Union Carbide C orp. for U.S. Atomic Energy Commission), Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 5/21/1971, Vol. 172 Issue 3985, p797; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schweitzer, Sybil
AU  - Schweitzer, Donald G.
T1  - COMMENT ON THE PEARSON R IN RANDOM NUMBER AND PRECISE FUNCTIONAL SCALE TRANSFORMATIONS.
JO  - American Sociological Review
JF  - American Sociological Review
Y1  - 1971/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 518
EP  - 519
SN  - 00031224
AB  - The article comments on Pearson r in random number and precise functional scale transformations. In "The Assignment of Numbers to Rank Order Categories," author Sanford Labovitz has shown that high values of the Pearson r are obtained when an interval scale is monotonically matched against random numbers between 1 and 10,000. The Pearson r is a statistic which can be quasi-invariant to incorrect non-linear functional transformations and to the N in such transformations. Labovitz's generation of random numbers between 1 and 10,000 which are monotonically ranked leads to curves where the average departure from some crude linear approximation is small. Since the Pearson r is the correlation statistic most frequently used in sociology, authors have taken some pains to illustrate quantitatively the insensitivity of this statistic both to precise nonlinear scale transformations and to the number of items in such scale transformations. Although it might be argued that the exponential transformation is an extreme transformation, if considered as a member of the class of all monotone transformations, the exponential transformation has many convenient properties.
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - LINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - RANDOM numbers
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - MONOTONIC functions
N1  - Accession Number: 14846369; Schweitzer, Sybil 1; Schweitzer, Donald G. 2; Affiliations: 1: State University of New York, Stony Brook.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, Long Island, New York.; Issue Info: Jun71, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p518; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: RANDOM numbers; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: MONOTONIC functions; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - The Malthusian Dilemma: Weinberg and Inglis.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1971/06//
VL  - 27
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 3
EP  - 39
SN  - 00963402
AB  - A letter to the editor in response to the article "Nuclear Energy and the Malthusian Dilemma" by David Rittenhouse Inglis in the February 1971 issue is presented.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
N1  - Accession Number: 21569661; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.;  Source Info: Jun1971, Vol. 27 Issue 6, p3; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Hoyte, R.;
AU  - Lin, S.;
AU  - Christman, D.;
AU  - Atkins, H.;
AU  - Hauser, W.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Organic radiopharmaceuticals labeled with short-lived nuclides. III. \SU/18\BS/F-labeled phenylalanines
CT  - Organic radiopharmaceuticals labeled with short-lived nuclides. III. \SU/18\BS/F-labeled phenylalanines
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1971/06/01/
VL  - 12
IS  - Jun
SP  - 280
EP  - 286
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 8-3434; Language: English; Chemical Name: Phenylalanine--63-91-2; Therapeutic Class: (36:00); AHFS Class: Diagnostic agents fluorophenylalanine; References: 26; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Section Heading: Drug Metabolism and Body Distribution; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - Using labeled fluoborate, the synthesis of \SU/18\BS/F labeled phenylalanines can be achieved based on the Schiemann reaction. Isomers of fluorophenylalanine concentrate in the pancreas 2.5 to 6 times the liver concentration, which indicates that these compounds might be useful for pancreatic scanning.
KW  - Phenylalanine--derivatives-;
KW  - Fluorophenylalanine--isomers-;
KW  - Fluoborates--labeled--used to prepare fluorophenylalanine isomers, possible pancreatic scanning agents;
KW  - Diagnostic agents--fluorophenylalanine--isomers, possible pancreatic scanning agents;
KW  - Radioisotopes--\SU/18\BS/F--synthesis of labeled phenylalanines, possible pancreatic scanning agents;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lubin, Moshe J.
AU  - Fraas, Arthur P.
T1  - Fusion by Laser.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1971/06//
VL  - 224
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 33
SN  - 00368733
AB  - Presents information on various aspects of high-powered lasers.  Current state of the art in the development of high-power pulsed lasers; Mechanism by which the energy from a laser beam interacts with a dense medium; Requirements demanded of lasers in initiating controlled fusion reactions.
KW  - Direct energy conversion
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Laser beams
KW  - Controlled fusion
KW  - Light amplifiers
N1  - Accession Number: 21149809; Lubin, Moshe J. 1; Fraas, Arthur P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Associate professor of Mechanical and aerospace sciences, University of Rochester; 2: Associate director, reactor division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Lubin; Issue Info: Jun1971, Vol. 224 Issue 6, p21; Thesaurus Term: Direct energy conversion; Subject Term: Lasers; Subject Term: Laser beams; Subject Term: Controlled fusion; Subject Term: Light amplifiers; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GOODMAN, GORDON L.
T1  - Federal Land Releases.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/06/11/
VL  - 172
IS  - 3988
M3  - Article
SP  - 1085
EP  - 1085
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85268446; GOODMAN, GORDON L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 6/11/1971, Vol. 172 Issue 3988, p1085; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HARBER, PHYLLIS
T1  - Registry of Women Scientists.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/06/18/
VL  - 172
IS  - 3989
M3  - Article
SP  - 1192
EP  - 1192
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87499004; HARBER, PHYLLIS 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 6/18/1971, Vol. 172 Issue 3989, p1192; Number of Pages: 1/8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Woodwell, G. M.
T1  - Schism in Science.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1971/07//7/1/1971
VL  - 21
IS  - 13
M3  - Letter
SP  - 716
EP  - 716
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to an article about schism in science published in the previous issue of the periodical.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Schism
N1  - Accession Number: 32119191; Woodwell, G. M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, N.Y. 11973;  Source Info: 7/1/1971, Vol. 21 Issue 13, p716; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Schism; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grigal, D. F.
AU  - Goldstein, R. A.
T1  - AN INTEGRATED ORDINATION-CLASSIFICATION ANALYSIS OF AN INTENSIVELY SAMPLED OAK-HICKORY FOREST.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1971/07//
VL  - 59
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
EP  - 492
SN  - 00220477
AB  - The article presents a study which analyzed the structure of a continuously varying oak-hickory forest at the Walker Branch Watershed in Tennessee through a combination of ordination and classification techniques. The techniques used for the study aim to determine the underlying structure of the system, relate the structure to the environment, then develop means of comparing systems. A chart is presented showing the mean composition of forest of Walker Branch Watershed is presented. The four group of plants identified throughout the classifications are pine, yellow poplar, oak-hickory, and chestnut oak.
KW  - Plant communities
KW  - Watershed ecology
KW  - Oak
KW  - Hickories
KW  - Classification of plants
KW  - Watersheds -- Tennessee
KW  - Tennessee
N1  - Accession Number: 32038525; Grigal, D. F. 1; Goldstein, R. A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, U.S.A.; 2 : Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, U.S.A;  Source Info: Jul1971, Vol. 59 Issue 2, p481; Thesaurus Term: Plant communities; Thesaurus Term: Watershed ecology; Subject Term: Oak; Subject Term: Hickories; Subject Term: Classification of plants; Subject Term: Watersheds -- Tennessee; Subject: Tennessee; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hett, Joan M.
AU  - Loucks, Orie L.
T1  - SUGAR MAPLE (ACER SACCHARUM MARSH.) SEEDLING MORTALITY.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1971/07//
VL  - 59
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
EP  - 520
SN  - 00220477
AB  - The article deals with the variability in seedling management of sugar maple and the mortality rates of the seedling over the first decade in three climatic regions in Wisconsin. The authors claim that the use of age relationships in the study of plant populations or communities is limited. They add that to be able to determine the probability of a plant individual surviving to the next year, the species being considered should have a stable age distributions. Based on the article, sugar maple has a stable age structure because it has a continuous reproductive input into the youngest age class.
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Vegetation & climate
KW  - Plants -- Population biology
KW  - Plant communities
KW  - Sugar maple
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Wisconsin
N1  - Accession Number: 32038529; Hett, Joan M. 1; Loucks, Orie L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jul1971, Vol. 59 Issue 2, p507; Thesaurus Term: Seedlings; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation & climate; Thesaurus Term: Plants -- Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Plant communities; Subject Term: Sugar maple; Subject Term: Plant growth; Subject: Wisconsin; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - COTZIAS, G. C.
AU  - TANG, L. C.
AU  - MILLER, S. T.
AU  - GINOS, J. Z.
T1  - Melatonin and Abnormal Movements Induced by L-Dopa in Mice.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/07/30/
VL  - 173
IS  - 3995
M3  - Article
SP  - 450
EP  - 452
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Melatonin has blocked adventitious movements induced by L-dopa in intact mice. It has reversed the adventitious turning to the right, and it has induced running to the left in mice receiving L-dopa after a lesion in the right caudate nucleus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87562630; COTZIAS, G. C. 1; TANG, L. C. 1; MILLER, S. T. 1; GINOS, J. Z. 1; Affiliations: 1: Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973; Issue Info: 7/30/1971, Vol. 173 Issue 3995, p450; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schweitzer, D. G.
AU  - Dienes, C. J.
T1  - A KINETIC MODEL OF POPULATION DYNAMICS.
JO  - Demography
JF  - Demography
Y1  - 1971/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
EP  - 400
SN  - 00703370
AB  - The relations between fertility, mortality, growth rate and age distribution in closed populations have been derived by means of a set of differential equations based on the well known theory of chemical kinetics. The classical relations for stable populations are easily obtained in this model by simple algebraic manipulations. A rough but useful further simplification is to divide the population into three groups-pre-reproductive, reproductive, and post-reproductive. For this three-group model simple algebraic expressions connect fertility, mortality, growth rate and the fractions of the population in each group. Although the relations obtained are not precise, they serve to illustrate simply and directly the interactions among the basic population variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Demography is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VITAL statistics
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - MORTALITY
KW  - FERTILITY
KW  - AGE distribution (Demography)
KW  - MANIPULATIVE behavior
N1  - Accession Number: 16798882; Schweitzer, D. G. 1; Dienes, C. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Aug1971, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p389; Thesaurus Term: VITAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: MORTALITY; Subject Term: FERTILITY; Subject Term: AGE distribution (Demography); Subject Term: MANIPULATIVE behavior; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GENTRY, ROBERT V.
T1  - Radiohalos: Some Unique Lead Isotope Ratios and Unknown Alpha Radioactivity.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/08/20/
VL  - 173
IS  - 3998
M3  - Article
SP  - 727
EP  - 731
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Previously unreported lead isotope ratios, that is, values for the lead- 206/lead-207 ratio ranging from about 20 to 60, primarily radiogenic in origin but unsupported by uranium decay, have been determined in the inclusions of certain polonium halos by means of ion microprobe techniques. Evidence for radiogenic lead-208 unsupported by thorium decay may also be inferred from the existence of a composite polonium halo type with rings from the radioactive precursors of lead-208. Several new dwarf halo sizes, seem to indicate the existence of unknown, very low-energy alpha-emitters. Furthermore, the three-ring "X halo" also provides evidence for an unknown series of genetically related alpha-emitters with energies in the range from 3 to 7 million electron volts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88002427; GENTRY, ROBERT V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 8/20/1971, Vol. 173 Issue 3998, p727; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Eckelman, W.;
AU  - Meinken, G.;
AU  - Richards, P.;
T1  - Chemical state of T\LC/c\UC/ 99\LC/m\UC/ in biomedical products
CT  - Chemical state of T\LC/c\UC/ 99\LC/m\UC/ in biomedical products
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1971/09/01/
VL  - 12
IS  - Sep
SP  - 596
EP  - 600
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Medical Radionuclide Group, Department of Applied Science, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 9-1985; Language: English; Chemical Name: Technetium--7440-26-8; References: 8; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - The chemical state of \SU/99m\BS/Tc in biomedical products was determined by electrolysis and gel chromatography. It was concluded that \SU/99m\BS/Tc is probably reduced and chelated as a cationic species. Radiopharmaceuticals of \SU/99m\BS/Tc nuclides should be prepared in oxygen free conditions. To achieve better separation of the components in \SU/99m\BS/Tc radiopharmaceuticals, gel chromatography should be used instead of anion exchange or paper chromatography.
KW  - Technetium--Tc 99m-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--Tc 99m--stability, chemical state determined by electrolysis and gel chromatography;
KW  - Stability--radiopharmaceuticals--Tc 99m, chemical state determined by electrolysis and gel chromatography;
KW  - Chromatography--gel--and electrolysis, determination of the chemical state of Tc 99m in radiopharmaceuticals;
KW  - Electrolysis--and gel chromatography--determination of the chemical state of Tc 99m in radiopharmaceuticals;
KW  - Stability--technetium--Tc 99m, determination, in radiopharmaceuticals, using electrolysis and gel chromatography;
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GAST, PAUL F.
T1  - Climate Change.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/09/10/
VL  - 173
IS  - 4001
M3  - Article
SP  - 982
EP  - 983
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87615529; GAST, PAUL F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 9/10/1971, Vol. 173 Issue 4001, p982; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shewmon, P. G.
T1  - Radiation-Induced Swelling of Stainless Steel.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/09/10/
VL  - 173
IS  - 4001
M3  - Article
SP  - 987
EP  - 991
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87615532; Shewmon, P. G. 1; Affiliations: 1: director, materials science division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: 9/10/1971, Vol. 173 Issue 4001, p987; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CASTLEMAN JR., A. W.
AU  - TANG, I. N.
AU  - MUNKELWITZ, H. R.
T1  - Clustering of Sulfur Dioxide and Water Vapor about Oxonium and Nitric Oxide Ions.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/09/10/
VL  - 173
IS  - 4001
M3  - Article
SP  - 1025
EP  - 1026
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The mobilities of ions produced in electrical discharges in the presence of trace quantities of water vapor and sulfur dioxide are generally lower than those expected for simple ions. Mass spectrometric identification reveals that species composed of water vapor and sulfur dioxide molecules clustering about common atmospheric ions are formed under these conditions. The identification of these clusters provides an explanation for the effect of trace gases on the mobilities of ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87615548; CASTLEMAN JR., A. W. 1; TANG, I. N. 1; MUNKELWITZ, H. R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 9/10/1971, Vol. 173 Issue 4001, p1025; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PETERSON, S. W.
AU  - HOLLOWAY, J. H.
AU  - COYLE, B. A.
AU  - WILLIAMS, J. M.
T1  - Antiprismatic Coordination about Xenon: The Structure of Nitrosonium Octafluoroxenate(VI).
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/09/24/
VL  - 173
IS  - 4003
M3  - Article
SP  - 1238
EP  - 1239
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The structure of nitrosonium octafluoroxenate(VI), 2NOF · XeF6, has been determined by means of single-crystal x-ray counter methods (R-index = 0.046, weighted R-index = 0.042). The space group is Pnma, with a = 8.914(10) angstroms, b = 5.945(10) angstroms, and c = 12.83(2) angstroms (the numbers in parentheses are the standard deviations to the least significant digit or digits); the calculated density (?) is 3.354 grams per cubic centimeter, and there are four formula units per unit cell. The material consists of well-separated NO+ and (XeF8)2- ions; the structural formula is thus (NO)2 (XeF8). The anion configuration is that of a slightly distorted Archimedean antiprism. The observed distortion appears incompatible with a lone-pair repulsion model. Xenon-fluorine bond lengths of 1.971(7), 1.946(5), 1.958(7), 2.052(5), and 2.099(5) angstroms were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87615512; PETERSON, S. W. 1; HOLLOWAY, J. H. 1; COYLE, B. A. 1; WILLIAMS, J. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 9/24/1971, Vol. 173 Issue 4003, p1238; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Peraino, C.;
AU  - Fry, R. J. M.;
AU  - Staffeldt, E.;
T1  - Reduction and enhancement by phenobarbital of hepatocarcinogenesis induced in the rat by 2-acetylaminofluorene
CT  - Reduction and enhancement by phenobarbital of hepatocarcinogenesis induced in the rat by 2-acetylaminofluorene
JO  - Cancer Research (USA)
JF  - Cancer Research (USA)
Y1  - 1971/10/01/
VL  - 31
IS  - Oct
SP  - 1506
EP  - 1512
SN  - 00085472
AD  - Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
N1  - Accession Number: 10-0115; Language: English; Trade Name: 2-Acetylaminofluorene; Generic Name: N-2-Fluorenylacetamide; Chemical Name: Phenobarbital--50-06-6; Therapeutic Class: (28:24); AHFS Class: Sedatives and hypnotics phenobarbital; References: 59; Journal Coden: CNREA8; Section Heading: Pharmacology
N2  - The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of dietary phenobarbital on the hepatocarcinogenesis of 2-acetylaminofluorene (N-2-fluorenylacetamide) in rats. Phenobarbital reduced the carcinogenecity of 2-acetylaminofluorene when fed simultaneously; however, the number of hepatomas increased with sequential feeding of the carcinogen and phenobarbital. No ill effects were observed in rats fed phenobarbital alone.
KW  - Phenobarbital--interactions-;
KW  - N-2-Fluorenylacetamide--interactions-;
KW  - Drug interactions--phenobarbital and N-2-fluorenylacetamide--reduction, and enhancement, carcinogenicity of N-2-fluorenylacetamide, in rats;
KW  - Sedatives and hypnotics--phenobarbital--interactions, N-2-fluorenylacetamide, reduction and enhancement, carcinogenicity of N-2-fluorenylacetamide, in rats;
KW  - Carcinogens--N-2-fluorenylacetamide--interactions, phenobarbital, reduction and enhancement, carcinogenicity of N-2-fluorenylacetamide, in rats;
KW  - Toxicity--N-2-fluorenylacetamide--interactions, phenobarbital, reduction and enhancement, carcinogenicity of N-2-fluorenylacetamide, in rats;
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - REGAN, JAMES D.
AU  - SETLOW, R. B.
AU  - KABACK, MICHAEL M.
AU  - HOWELL, R. RODNEY
AU  - KLEIN, EDMUND
AU  - BURGESS, GORDON
T1  - Xeroderma Pigmentosum: A Rapid Sensitive Method for Prenatal Diagnosis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/10/08/
VL  - 174
IS  - 4005
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
EP  - 150
SN  - 00368075
AB  - When normal human cells, capable of repairing ultraviolet-induced lesions in their DNA, are incubated in the thymidine analog 5-bromodeoxyuridine after ultraviolet irradiation, the analog is incorporated into the repaired regions. When such repaired cells are subsequently irradiated with 313-nanometer radiation and placed in alkali, breaks appear in the DNA at sites of incorporation of 5- bromodeoxyuridine, inducing a dramatic downward shift in the sedimentation constant of the DNA. Cells from patients with the disease xeroderma pigmentosum, which causes sensitivity to ultraviolet, are incapable or only minimally capable of repair; such cells incorporate little 5-bromodeoxyuridine into their DNA under these conditions and, upon 313-nanometer irradiation and sedimentation in alkali, exhibit only minor shifts in DNA sedimentation constants. When fibroblasts developed from biopsies of normal skin and of skin from patients with xeroderma pigmentosum, as well as cells cultured from midtrimester amniotic fluid, were assayed in this fashion unequivocal differences between normal and xeroderma pigmentosum cells were shown. Xeroderma pigmentosumn heterozygotes are clearly distinguishable from homozygous mutants, and results are available; 12 hours after irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88002556; REGAN, JAMES D. 1; SETLOW, R. B. 1; KABACK, MICHAEL M. 2; HOWELL, R. RODNEY 2; KLEIN, EDMUND 3; BURGESS, GORDON 3; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; 3: Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York 14240; Issue Info: 10/ 8/1971, Vol. 174 Issue 4005, p147; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - THOMAS, WILLIAM A.
T1  - Indicators of Environmental Quality.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/10/22/
VL  - 174
IS  - 4007
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 438
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 88002606; THOMAS, WILLIAM A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenntiessee 37830; Issue Info: 10/22/1971, Vol. 174 Issue 4007, p437; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Carlstedt, B. C.;
AU  - Crespi, H. L.;
AU  - Blake, M. I.;
AU  - Katz, J. J.;
T1  - Biosynthesis of deuterated benzyl penicillins. II. Isolation and characterization of a highly deuterated benzyl penicillin
CT  - Biosynthesis of deuterated benzyl penicillins. II. Isolation and characterization of a highly deuterated benzyl penicillin
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
JF  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
Y1  - 1971/11/01/
VL  - 60
IS  - Nov
SP  - 1661
EP  - 1665
SN  - 00223549
AD  - Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
N1  - Accession Number: 10-2269; Language: English; Chemical Name: Penicillin G--61-33-6; Therapeutic Class: (8:12); AHFS Class: Antibiotics penicillin G; Journal Coden: JPMSAE; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry
KW  - Penicillin G--deuterated-;
KW  - Antibiotics--penicillin G--deuterated, biosynthesis, isolation and characterization;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Witkamp, Martin
T1  - SOILS AS COMPONENTS OF ECOSYSTEMS.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1971/12//
VL  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 110
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Discusses the effect of soils on plant ecology.  View on the effect of soil as predominantly chemical or purely physical; Impact of the introduction of colloid chemistry on physical and chemical soil characteristics; Consideration of soil as an independent factor that determined subsequent vegetation.
KW  - Soils
KW  - Plant ecology
KW  - Plant-soil relationships
KW  - Vegetation dynamics
KW  - Surface chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11910695; Witkamp, Martin 1; Affiliations: 1: Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 1971, Vol. 2, p85; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Plant ecology; Thesaurus Term: Plant-soil relationships; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Surface chemistry; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodwell, George M.
AU  - Craig, Paul P.
AU  - Johnson, Horton A.
T1  - DDT in the Biosphere: Where Does It Go?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1971/12/10/
VL  - 174
IS  - 4014
M3  - Article
SP  - 1101
EP  - 1107
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87599930; Woodwell, George M. 1; Craig, Paul P. 2; Johnson, Horton A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 3: Department of Medicine, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 12/10/1971, Vol. 174 Issue 4014, p1101; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
T1  - Levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism
CT  - Levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism
JO  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
JF  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
Y1  - 1971/12/27/
VL  - 218
IS  - Dec 27
SP  - 1903
EP  - 1908
AD  - Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 9-1946; Language: English; Chemical Name: Levodopa--59-92-7; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents levodopa; References: 20; Journal Coden: JAMAAP; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Abstract Author: Joan Lentine
N2  - Results of studies in mice on the pharmacological activity of levodopa are discussed.
KW  - Levodopa--pharmacology-;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--levodopa--pharmacology, in mice;
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DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Harrison, Charles, Jr
AU  - Snow, William J
T1  - The argonne library book acquisiton system
JO  - 1972 February. Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois. 56 P. Illus. 0 Ref. Ntis: Anl-7808; Hc $3.00, Mf $0.95
JF  - 1972 February. Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois. 56 P. Illus. 0 Ref. Ntis: Anl-7808; Hc $3.00, Mf $0.95
Y1  - 1972///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The system describes here is designed to handle most of the routine clerical operations necessary to maintain a record of books processed by a library. The system is logically divided into two programs. Book, vendor and request information is processed by one program and most report generating is done by the other. Both programs access the same files and respond to control card input as well as to record settings produced by the programs when communicating with each other. Through the use of control cards the user can update the files containing all book information and all vendor information. The user can also control when the system will produce selection lists, purchase orders, in-process lists, accounting reports, and expedite letters.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0701662; Harrison, Charles, Jr 1; Snow, William J; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory.;  Source Info: 1972; Note: Update Code: 0700; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Cohen, Stanley
T1  - Speakeasy:'rakugo.'
JO  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies; Information Processing Society Of Japan. First U.s.a.japan Computer Conference Processing, October 3-5, 1972, Tokyo. P. 222-230. 10 Illus. 8 Ref. See Isa 73-2218/y
JF  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies; Information Processing Society Of Japan. First U.s.a.japan Computer Conference Processing, October 3-5, 1972, Tokyo. P. 222-230. 10 Illus. 8 Ref. See Isa 73-2218/y
Y1  - 1972///
M3  - Book Chapter
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0802727; Cohen, Stanley 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois.;  Source Info: 1972; Note: Update Code: 0800; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Boyle, James M
AU  - Cody, William J
AU  - Cowell, Wayne R
AU  - Garbow, Burton S
AU  - Ikebe, Yasuhiko
T1  - Nats: a collaborative effort to certify and disseminate mathematical software
JO  - In Association For Computing Machinery, Proceedings Of The Acm Annual Conference, Boston, August 1972. P. 630-635. 2 Illus. 5 Ref. Work Supported By Nsf Grants Ag-246, Gj1158, And Gj1159. See Isa 73-479/y
JF  - In Association For Computing Machinery, Proceedings Of The Acm Annual Conference, Boston, August 1972. P. 630-635. 2 Illus. 5 Ref. Work Supported By Nsf Grants Ag-246, Gj1158, And Gj1159. See Isa 73-479/y
Y1  - 1972///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Argonne national laboratory, stanford university, and the university of texas at austin, in cooperation with various field test sites, have carried out a collaborative effort to certify and disseminate mathematical software. This is a prototype venture whose purpose is to develop ways of supplying the scientific computing community with highly reliable subroutines. Selected software is tested, first at the three principal institutions and then at field test sites. Routines of proven quality are certified and distributed from the argonne code center. A collaborative testing methodology is emerging from the project. Software selected for testing and distribution includes a collection of routines for calculating certain special functions of mathematical physics and a fortran package of eigensystem routines based on algol originals of wilkinson, j.h., reinsch, c., handbook for automatic computation, volume ii: linear algebra, springerverlag, new york and berlin, 1971.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0800712; Boyle, James M 1; Cody, William J; Cowell, Wayne R; Garbow, Burton S; Ikebe, Yasuhiko 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois;  Source Info: 1972; Note: Update Code: 0800; Document Type: Book Chapter
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Klopper, J. F.;
AU  - Hauser, W.;
AU  - Atkins, H. L.;
AU  - Eckelman, W. C.;
AU  - Richards, P.;
T1  - Evaluation of T\LC/c\UC/ 99\LC/m\UC/-DTPA for the measurement of glomerular filtration rate
CT  - Evaluation of T\LC/c\UC/ 99\LC/m\UC/-DTPA for the measurement of glomerular filtration rate
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1972/01/01/
VL  - 13
IS  - Jan
SP  - 107
EP  - 110
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Medical Department, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 9-2132; Language: English; Therapeutic Class: (36:00); AHFS Class: Diagnostic agents diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid; References: 17; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Evaluations; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - In the 11 patients studied, \SU/99m\BS/Tc-DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) underestimated clearance by about 8% when compared with \SU/125\BS/I-iothalamate. It has been shown that I 125-iothalamate clearances give values close to unity when compared with inulin. \SU/99m\BS/Tc-DTPA may be a useful agent for measuring glomerular filtration rate.
KW  - Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid--Tc 99m-;
KW  - Diagnostic agents--diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid--Tc 99m, underestimates glomerular filtration rate, in patients;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid--Tc 99m, underestimates glomerular filtration rate, in patients;
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Eckelman, W.;
AU  - Meinken, G.;
AU  - Richards, P.;
T1  - High specific activity \SU/99m\BS/T\LC/c\UC/ human serum albumin
CT  - High specific activity \SU/99m\BS/T\LC/c\UC/ human serum albumin
JO  - Radiology
JF  - Radiology
Y1  - 1972/01/01/
VL  - 102
IS  - Jan
SP  - 185
EP  - 186
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 9-2177; Language: English; Chemical Name: Albumin--57622-87-4; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals albumin; References: 7; Publication Type: Work in progress; Journal Coden: RADLAX; Section Heading: Pharmaceutics; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - Using 25 to 50 mg. of HSA (human serum albumin), Tc 99m HSA of high purity and high specific activity can be prepared. The method is as follows: (1) add 0.1 ml. of 25% HSA (Hyland Lab) to 0.5 ml. of .05% stannous chloride solution acidified with HCl; (2) add 0.1 to 2.0 ml. of \SU/99m\BS/TcO\IF/4\SU/-\BS/; (3) mix for 30 minutes; and (4) add 0.15 ml. of 0.8M NaH\IF/2\BS/PO\IF/4\BS/.
KW  - Albumin--human serum-;
KW  - Formulations--albumin--human serum, Tc 99m;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--albumin--human serum, Tc 99m, formulation;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Duby, S. E.;
AU  - Steck, A. J.;
AU  - Fehling, C.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Levodopa in parkinsonism: potentiation of central effects with a peripheral inhibitor
CT  - Levodopa in parkinsonism: potentiation of central effects with a peripheral inhibitor
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
Y1  - 1972/01/06/
VL  - 286
IS  - Jan 6
SP  - 8
EP  - 4
SN  - 00284793
AD  - Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 9-2158; Language: English; Trade Name: \a/-Methyldopa hydrazine; Generic Name: Methyldopa; Chemical Name: Methyldopa--41372-08-1 Levodopa--59-92-7; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents levodopa (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents methyldopa; References: 36; Journal Coden: NEJMAG; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Interactions; Abstract Author: Joan Lentine
N2  - Administration of levodopa in combination with alpha methyldopa hydrazine in patients resulted in better symptomatic control in some difficult cases than that obtained with levodopa alone. Alpha methyldopa hydrazine was administered in doses ranging from 300-1500 mg./day for varying periods of time. While the drug was being given, levodopa was administered in increasing amounts until either full improvement was attained or involuntary movements emerged.
KW  - Methyldopa--hydrazine-;
KW  - Levodopa--interactions-;
KW  - Drug interactions--methyldopa hydrazine and levodopa--potentiation, central effects of levodopa, in patients;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--levodopa--interactions, methyldopa hydrazine, potentiation, central effects of levodopa, in patients;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--methyldopa--hydrazine, interactions, levodopa, potentiation, central effects of levodopa, in patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - TAYLOR, A.
AU  - MERKLE, K.
T1  - Particle Accelerator Application.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/01/21/
VL  - 175
IS  - 4019
M3  - Article
SP  - 258
EP  - 259
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87615452; TAYLOR, A. 1; MERKLE, K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 1972, Vol. 175 Issue 4019, p258; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - OKELLEY, G. DAVIS
AU  - ELDRIGE, JAMES S.
AU  - SCHONFELD, E.
AU  - NORTHCUTT, K. J.
T1  - Primordial Radioelements and Cosmogenic Radionuclides in Lunar Samples from Apollo 15.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/01/28/
VL  - 175
IS  - 4020
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
EP  - 443
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Two basalts, two breccias, and two soils from Apollo 15 were analyzed by nondestructive gamma-ray spectrometry. The concentrations of potassium, thorium, and uranium in the basalts were similar to those in the Apollo 12 basalts, but the potassium: uranium ratios were somewhat higher. Primordial radioelements were enriched in the soils and breccia, consistent with a two-component mixture of mare basalt and up to 20 percent foreign component (KREEP). The abundance patterns for cosmogenic radionuclides implied surface sampling for all specimens. The galactic cosmic-ray production rate of vanadium-48 was determined as 57±11 disintegrations per minute per kilogram of iron. Cobalt-56 concentrations were used to estimate the intensity of the solar flare of 25 January 1971. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85116697; OKELLEY, G. DAVIS 1; ELDRIGE, JAMES S. 1; SCHONFELD, E. 2; NORTHCUTT, K. J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: NASA Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas 77058; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 1/28/1972, Vol. 175 Issue 4020, p440; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kendrick, Richard E.
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Ion Relations, Chlorophyll Synthesis and the Question of 'Bulk' Phytochrome in <em>Pisum sativum</em>.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1972/02//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 12
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Lack of correlation between spectrophotometric phytochrome assays and physiological experiments has led to the concept of a 'bulk' phytochrome that is measurable but inactive, in contrast to an active form that is not measured in the standard assay. Because of suggestions that phytochrome action involves changes in membrane, permeability, particularly uptake and efflux in <em>pisum sativum</em> epicotyl sections which were equally de-etiolated yet differed three-fold in their phytochrome contents. Although dependent on the metabolic integrity of cell membranes (as shown by respiratory inhibitors ) the selective uptake of potassium in this tissue is not under phytochrome contents. Experiments were also conducted to see whether a three-fold difference in phytochrome content affects chlorophyll synthesis in Pisum. Differences in chlorophyll synthesis observed can be related to the effectiveness of the pretreatments on eliminating the lag phase, not to their differences in phytochrome; The failure to find any correlation with the amount or state of 'bulk' phytochrome in these and previous experiments indicates that no function of this material is yet known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Botanical chemistry
KW  - Peas
KW  - Phytochromes
KW  - Chlorophyll synthesis
KW  - Porphyrins
KW  - Pisum
N1  - Accession Number: 13614503; Kendrick, Richard E. 1; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department , Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 1972, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p7; Thesaurus Term: Botanical chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Peas; Subject Term: Phytochromes; Subject Term: Chlorophyll synthesis; Subject Term: Porphyrins; Subject Term: Pisum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111419 Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111130 Dry Pea and Bean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111219 Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13614503
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - YOURNO, JOSEPH
AU  - KOHNO, TADAHIKO
T1  - Externally Suppressible Proline Quadruplet CCCỤ.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/02/11/
VL  - 175
IS  - 4022
M3  - Article
SP  - 650
EP  - 652
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Three (+I) frameshift mutations located at different genetic sites respond with high specificity to the same external suppressor. In each case, the suppressor restores small amounts of protein that is normal in electrophoretic mobility and heat stability. One of these proteins has been shown to have the wildtype amino acid sequence. The messenger RNA quadruplet CCCỤ appears to be common to all three frameshift sites and to be translated by the suppressor as proline. A likely suppressor agent is a proline transfer RNA with a quadruplet anticodon or its func.ional equivalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85116785; YOURNO, JOSEPH 1; KOHNO, TADAHIKO 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 2/11/1972, Vol. 175 Issue 4022, p650; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HOLT, BUFORD
T1  - Age, Location, and Stability of Ecosystems.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/02/25/
VL  - 175
IS  - 4024
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
EP  - 918
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87581316; HOLT, BUFORD 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 2/25/1972, Vol. 175 Issue 4024, p917; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elwood, Jerry W.
AU  - Nelson, Daniel J.
T1  - Periphyton production and grazing rates in a stream measured with a 32P material balance method.
JO  - Oikos
JF  - Oikos
Y1  - 1972/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
EP  - 303
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00301299
AB  - Net production rates and standing crops of periphyton and grazing rates on periphyton were measured in a small, woodland stream in southeastern United States using a material balance method. The material balance of radioactive phosphorus was followed at three times daring the year in periphyton, consumer organisms, and stream water rot up to six weeks following a one-hr release of 32PO4 to the stream. Rates of decrease of 32P in periphyton per unit weight, per unit area of substrate, and in the entire study reach of stream were used to compute biomass turnover rates of periphyton and fractions of periphyton standing crop grazed per unit area per unit time. Periphyton standing crops in July, September. and November were estimated at 200, 198, and 658 mg ash-free dry weight m-2, respectively, while estimates of net production rates were 22, 24, and 16 mg ash-free dry weight m-2 daym-1, respectively. Estimated grazing rates on periphyton during these periods were 23, 15, and 14 mg ash-tree dry wt m-2 day-1, respectively. Biomass turnover rates of periphyton were in the range of those computed from other stream ecosystems which had higher standing crops and production rates of periphyton. This suggests that grazing limited periphyton production rates in this stream by controlling the standing crop of periphyton. The method is of wide applicability since less than maximum pert missible concentrations of radioactive phosphorus were used in the spike releases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - Periphyton
KW  - Aquatic invertebrates
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Biomass chemicals
KW  - Phosphorus compounds
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 17746044; Elwood, Jerry W. 1; Nelson, Daniel J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.; Issue Info: 1972, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p295; Thesaurus Term: Periphyton; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic invertebrates; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Biomass chemicals; Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus compounds; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MATHSON, MAx S.
T1  - Irradiated Water.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/03/03/
VL  - 175
IS  - 4025
M3  - Article
SP  - 978
EP  - 978
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85160006; MATHSON, MAx S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: 3/ 3/1972, Vol. 175 Issue 4025, p978; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - POWERS, PHILIP N.
AU  - GROVES, THOMAS H.
AU  - NEAL, HOMER A.
AU  - ROMANOWSKI, THOMAS A.
T1  - Accelerator at Argonne.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/03/10/
VL  - 175
IS  - 4026
M3  - Article
SP  - 1063
EP  - 1065
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87599878; POWERS, PHILIP N. 1; GROVES, THOMAS H. 2; NEAL, HOMER A. 3; ROMANOWSKI, THOMAS A. 4; Affiliations: 1: Argonne Universities Association, 535 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Illinois 60439; 3: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington 47401; 4: Argonne National Laboratory and Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210; Issue Info: 3/10/1972, Vol. 175 Issue 4026, p1063; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - FISH, BIRNEY R.
T1  - Electrical Generation of Natural Aerosols from Vegetation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/03/17/
VL  - 175
IS  - 4027
M3  - Article
SP  - 1239
EP  - 1240
SN  - 00368075
AB  - It is suggested that an alternative, or additional, source of the blue haze above heavily forested areas may be the generation of submicrometer-sized wax particles by the action of strong electrical fields at the tips of pine needles and other wax-covered plant surfaces. Exposure of pine needles to high potential gradients results in the production of airborne wax particles with diameters less than 0.6 micrometer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85198737; FISH, BIRNEY R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 3/17/1972, Vol. 175 Issue 4027, p1239; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STEIN, LAWRENCE
T1  - Chemical Methods for Removing Radon and Radon Daughters from Air.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/03/31/
VL  - 175
IS  - 4029
M3  - Article
SP  - 1463
EP  - 1465
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Liquid bromzine trifluoride anld the solid complexes ClF4SbF6, BrF2SbF6, BrF4Sb2F11, IF4(SbF6)3, and BrF2BiF4 react spontaneously with radon and radon daughters at 25°C, converting the radioelements to nonvolatile ions and compounds. The reagenits can be utsed in gas-scrubbing units to remove radon anid radon datughters from air. The halogen fluoride-antinmony pentafluoride com plexes may be suitable for purifying air in uranium mines and analyzing radon in air, since they have low dissociation pressures at 25°C and are less hazardous to handle than liquid halogen fluorides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 85160061; STEIN, LAWRENCE 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 3/31/1972, Vol. 175 Issue 4029, p1463; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Lyon, W. S.;
AU  - Ricci, E.;
AU  - Ross, H. H.;
T1  - Nucleonics
CT  - Nucleonics
JO  - Anal. Chem.
JF  - Anal. Chem.
Y1  - 1972/04/01/
VL  - 44
IS  - Apr
SP  - 438R
EP  - 445R
AD  - Analytical Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
N1  - Accession Number: 10-3135; Language: English; References: 186; Publication Type: Review; Journal Coden: ANCHAM; Section Heading: Drug Analysis; Abstract Author: Douglas L. Thompson
N2  - Developments in the field of nucleonics during 1970 and 1971 are reviewed. Topics covered include standards of radioactive compounds, methods of measurement, liquid scintillation counting, radiochemical separations and analytical procedures utilizing radioisotope techniques, activation analysis and the use of radiochemical procedures in forensic and biomedical applications.
KW  - Nucleonics--review;
KW  - Radioisotopes--review;
KW  - Standards--nucleonics--review;
KW  - Activation analysis--review;
KW  - Radiochemistry--review;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Studier, F. William
T1  - Bacteriophage T7.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/04/28/
VL  - 176
IS  - 4033
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 376
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85160177; Studier, F. William 1; Affiliations: 1: Biophysicist, biology department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 4/28/1972, Vol. 176 Issue 4033, p367; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - COTZIAS, GEORGE C.
AU  - TANG, LILY C.
AU  - MILLER, SAMUEL T.
AU  - SLADIC-SIMIC, D.
AU  - HURLEY, LUCILLE S.
T1  - A Mutation Influencing the Transportation of Manganese, L-Dopa, and L-Tryptophan.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/04/28/
VL  - 176
IS  - 4033
M3  - Article
SP  - 410
EP  - 412
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Transportation of manganese, L-dopa, and L-tryptophan was slower through the tissues, of intact pallid mice than through those of black C57Bl/6J mice, presumably because of the influence of the gene pallid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85160199; COTZIAS, GEORGE C. 1; TANG, LILY C. 1; MILLER, SAMUEL T. 1; SLADIC-SIMIC, D. 1; HURLEY, LUCILLE S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616; Issue Info: 4/28/1972, Vol. 176 Issue 4033, p410; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Griffin, Hillis L
T1  - The cataloger's white knight?
JO  - Special Libraries
JF  - Special Libraries
Y1  - 1972/05//May-June 1972
VL  - 63
IS  - 5-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 239
SN  - 00386723
AB  - The basis for any substantive computer applications at the library of congress was the development of some way to represent and manipulate bibliographic information. Some libraries wait forever for the library of congress. So many people wax eloquent about conserving our human resources and yet condone our technical processing systems. The marc system which we see today must be the forerunner of a more comprehensive, interactive system of shared bibliographic information.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0701925; Griffin, Hillis L 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.;  Source Info: May-June 1972, Vol. 63 Issue 5-6, p235; Note: Update Code: 0700; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SPARROW, A. H.
AU  - UNDERBRINK, A. G.
AU  - Rossi, H. H.
T1  - Mutations Induced in Tradescantia by Small Doses of X-rays and Neutrons: Analysis of Dose-Response Curves.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/05/26/
VL  - 176
IS  - 4037
M3  - Article
SP  - 916
EP  - 918
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Dose-response curves for pink somatic mutations in Tradescantia stamen hairs were analyzed after neutron and x-ray irradiation with doses ranging from a fraction of a rad to the region of saturation. The dose-effect relation for neutrons indicates a linear dependence from 0.01 to 8 rads; between 0.25 and S rads a linear dependence is indicated for x-rays also. As a consequence he relative biological effectiveness reaches a constant value (about 50) at low doses. The observations are in good agreement with the predictions of the theory of dual radiation action and support its interpretation of the effects of radiation on higher organisms. The doubling dose of x-rays was found to be nearly I rad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85160329; SPARROW, A. H. 1; UNDERBRINK, A. G. 2; Rossi, H. H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Department of Radiology, Radiological Research Laboratories, College of Pnysicianis and Surgeonls, Columbia University, New York 10032; Issue Info: 5/26/1972, Vol. 176 Issue 4037, p916; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - HUCKABEE, JOHN W.
T1  - Environmental Mercury.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1972/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 336
EP  - 336
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented on the environmental distribution of mercury.
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 32114308; HUCKABEE, JOHN W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Ecologicai Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830;  Source Info: Jun1972, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p336; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 4/9p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - HUCKABEE, JOHN W.
T1  - Environmental Backlash.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1972/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 336
EP  - 337
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Some Effects of Crop Production Technology on Environmental Quality," by S. R. Aldrich.
KW  - Environmental quality
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 32114315; HUCKABEE, JOHN W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830;  Source Info: Jun1972, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p336; Thesaurus Term: Environmental quality; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - REICHLE, DAVID E.
T1  - Man and the Environment: An Introduction to Human Ecology and Evolution.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1972/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 385
EP  - 386
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Man and the Environment: An Introduction to Human Ecology and Evolution," by Arthur S. Boughey.
KW  - Human ecology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Boughey, Arthur
KW  - Man & the Environment: An Introduction to Human Ecology & Evolution (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 32117923; REICHLE, DAVID E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830;  Source Info: Jun1972, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p385; Thesaurus Term: Human ecology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Forsyth, E. B.
AU  - Garber, M.
AU  - Jensen, J. E.
AU  - Morgan, G. H.
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1972/06//
VL  - 226
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 00368733
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor in response to Donald P. Snowden's article "Superconductors for Power Transmission," in the April 1972 issue.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Superconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 21173824; Forsyth, E. B. 1; Garber, M. 1; Jensen, J. E. 1; Morgan, G. H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Issue Info: Jun1972, Vol. 226 Issue 6, p6; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Superconductors; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldstein, R. A.
AU  - Grigal, D. F.
T1  - DEFINITION OF VEGETATION STRUCTURE BY CANONICAL ANALYSIS.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1972/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 284
SN  - 00220477
AB  - The article demonstrates the use of ordination based on canonical analysis to determine variations in vegetation structure over the entire watershed and the subwatersheds. According to the authors, the four major vegetation types identified in the original classification of the entire watershed were dominated by pine, yellow poplar, oak-hickory and chestnut oak. They add that three of these types represent extrema in the canonical distribution of vegetation and in ecological conditions found on the watershed. The temporal aspects of the variation are also discussed.
KW  - Vegetation & climate
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Ordination (Statistics)
KW  - Pine
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - Oak
KW  - Hickories
KW  - Quercus prinus
N1  - Accession Number: 32033353; Goldstein, R. A. 1; Grigal, D. F. 1,2; Affiliations: 1 : Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, U.S.A.; 2 : Department of Soil Science, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55101, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jul1972, Vol. 60 Issue 2, p277; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation & climate; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Ordination (Statistics); Subject Term: Pine; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; Subject Term: Oak; Subject Term: Hickories; Subject Term: Quercus prinus; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Duby, S. E.;
AU  - Steck, A. J.;
AU  - Bell, M.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Melatonin and parkinsonism
CT  - Melatonin and parkinsonism
JO  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
JF  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
Y1  - 1972/07/03/
VL  - 221
IS  - Jul 3
SP  - 88
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York
N1  - Accession Number: 9-3778; Language: English; Chemical Name: Melatonin--73-31-4; Therapeutic Class: (28:24); AHFS Class: Sedatives and hypnotics melatonin; References: 12; Publication Type: Letters; Journal Coden: JAMAAP; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Investigational Drugs; Pharmacology; Abstract Author: Joan Lentine
N2  - To assess the effects of melatonin on parkinsonism, a single-blind study was conducted in 11 parkinsonian patients who received either melatonin alone or melatonin plus levodopa. A chart listing dosages given to each patient is included. From results of the study, it was shown that melatonin induced few isolated but definite episodes of cutaneous flushing, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, scotoma lucidum, and headaches typical of migraine. Melatonin did not affect the signs of parkinsonism, the antiparkinson effects of levodopa, or the levodopa-dependent adventitious movements. The nightly administration of melatonin to 5 outpatients (300 to 1,000 mg. for one to 4 weeks) did not change their clinical status while it facilitated sleep in some. It was suggested that because of its metabolic effects, melatonin should be tried in the therapy of manic and depressed patients, particularly since it contrasts to major tranquilizers by not posing the risk of pharmacological parkinsonism.
KW  - Melatonin--effects-;
KW  - Sedatives and hypnotics--melatonin--effects, lack, on parkinsonian symptoms, in patients;
KW  - Toxicity--melatonin--studies, effects, lack, on parkinsonian symptoms, in patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Social Institutions and Nuclear Energy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/07/07/
VL  - 177
IS  - 4043
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 34
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158109; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 7/ 7/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4043, p27; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SHIRANE, GEN
T1  - Scattering Techniques.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/07/07/
VL  - 177
IS  - 4043
M3  - Article
SP  - 50
EP  - 51
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158122; SHIRANE, GEN 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: 7/ 7/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4043, p50; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ARNOLD, RICHARD C.
T1  - Telecommunications with Muon Beams.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/07/14/
VL  - 177
IS  - 4044
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 164
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The properties of well-collimizated beams of muons with energies in the range of 109- electron volts may be suited to some specialized needs in telecommunications. A demonstration of muon telecommunications has been carried out at Argonne National Laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85158163; ARNOLD, RICHARD C. 1; Affiliations: 1: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439; Issue Info: 7/14/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4044, p163; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Lawrence, W. H.;
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Duby, S. E.;
T1  - Nicotinamide ineffective in parkinsonism
CT  - Nicotinamide ineffective in parkinsonism
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
Y1  - 1972/07/20/
VL  - 287
IS  - Jul 20
SP  - 147
SN  - 00284793
AD  - Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York
N1  - Accession Number: 10-0292; Language: English; Chemical Name: Levodopa--59-92-7; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents nicotinamide; References: 3; Publication Type: Letters; Journal Coden: NEJMAG; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Interactions; Abstract Author: Joan Lentine
N2  - Nicotinamide failed to affect the symptoms of parkinsonism or to change the duration, distribution and severity of the involuntary movements in 7 patients receiving levodopa either alone or in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor. Nicotinamide hydrochloride was administered in maximal daily doses ranging between 850 mg. and 4.5 g., for 5 to 54 days, to 6 patients with idiopathic and one with post-encephalitic parkinsonism under observation in a metabolic ward.
KW  - Nicotinamide--effects-;
KW  - Levodopa--therapy-;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--nicotinamide--effects, lack, on parkinsonism, in patients receiving levodopa;
KW  - Drug interactions--nicotinamide and levodopa--lack, in parkinsonian patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - POWERS, DENNIS A.
T1  - Hemoglobin Adaptation for Fast and Slow Water Habitats in Sympatric Catostomid Fishes.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/07/28/
VL  - 177
IS  - 4046
M3  - Article
SP  - 360
EP  - 362
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The oxygen equilibria of Catostomus insignis hemoglobins are pH dependent. Catostomus clarkii hemoglobins have some components (20 percent) whose oxygen equilibria are independent of pH because the alpha chains have NH2-termini that are blocked and the beta chains lack the "usual" COOH-terminal histidine. Since the Bohr effect is normally a beneficial phenomenon, the maintenance of some hemoglobins without a Bohr effect must provide a physiological advantage that is habitat specific. The intrastream ecological preferences of these sympatric catostomids suggest that the hemoglobins without the Bohr effect confer an ecological advantage in a swift water habitat [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85437546; POWERS, DENNIS A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 7/28/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4046, p360; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernstein, Herbert J.
T1  - Compiling Fixed-Point Multiplications.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1972/08//
VL  - 15
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 772
EP  - 772
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents comments of the author on the article "A Note on Compiling Fixed-Point Binary Multiplications," by H.T. Gladwin that was published in the June 1971 edition of the periodical "Communications of the ACM." Focus on the commonality of the fixed-point multiplication, particularly to programmers for machines lacking an integer multiply instruction; Response of Gladwin to the comment made by the author.
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - BINARY system (Mathematics)
KW  - COMPUTER arithmetic
KW  - NUMBER systems
KW  - compiling multiplications
KW  - fixed-point arithmetic
KW  - GLADWIN, H. T.
KW  - COMMUNICATIONS of the ACM (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 5263775; Bernstein, Herbert J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Aug1972, Vol. 15 Issue 8, p772; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: BINARY system (Mathematics); Subject Term: COMPUTER arithmetic; Subject Term: NUMBER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: compiling multiplications; Author-Supplied Keyword: fixed-point arithmetic; Reviews & Products: COMMUNICATIONS of the ACM (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; People: GLADWIN, H. T.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/361532.361556
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BECKER, KLAUS
T1  - Progress in Luminescence Dosimetry.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/08/11/
VL  - 177
IS  - 4048
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 540
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85116837; BECKER, KLAUS 1; Affiliations: 1: Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 8/11/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4048, p539; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STEWART JR., CLARE A.
AU  - WOODWELL, G. M.
AU  - CRAIG, P. P.
AU  - JOHNSON, H. A.
T1  - Atmospheric Circulation of DDT.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/08/25/
VL  - 177
IS  - 4050
M3  - Article
SP  - 724
EP  - 725
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87428663; STEWART JR., CLARE A.; WOODWELL, G. M. 1; CRAIG, P. P. 2; JOHNSON, H. A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; 2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory and Energy Program, National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.; 3: Department of Medicine, Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.; Issue Info: 8/25/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4050, p724; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grahn, Douglas
T1  - Genetic Effects of Low Level Irradiation.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1972/09//
VL  - 22
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
EP  - 540
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article discusses the effect of low level irradiation on human genetics. According to the author, the spectrum of genetic defects varies from the classical recessive detrimental mutation such as albinism, to a categorical chromosomal aneuploidy, to the complex malformations whose etiology is often dependent on an environmental transient interacting with an unfavorable genome. The author also discusses predictions of the expected genetic injury and the expression of genetic damage in human populations.
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Human genetics
KW  - Genetic disorders
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Albinos & albinism
KW  - Chromosomes
KW  - Aneuploidy
KW  - Diseases -- Causes & theories of causation
KW  - Genomes
N1  - Accession Number: 32119359; Grahn, Douglas 1; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois;  Source Info: Sep1972, Vol. 22 Issue 9, p535; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Subject Term: Human genetics; Subject Term: Genetic disorders; Subject Term: Mutation (Biology); Subject Term: Albinos & albinism; Subject Term: Chromosomes; Subject Term: Aneuploidy; Subject Term: Diseases -- Causes & theories of causation; Subject Term: Genomes; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregory, James
T1  - A Comparison of Floating Point Summation Methods.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1972/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 838
EP  - 838
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Comments on methods proposed by authors P. Linz and W. Kahan in the June 1970 and January 1965 issues of the journal "Communications of the ACM" for number pair-wise summing to reduce accumulated roundoff errors in floating-point arithmetic. Information that comparisons of accuracy, speed and storage were carried out on a system with various compiler optimization levels; Information that the two schemes tested provide more accuracy than straight summation; Conclusion that Kahan scheme is an order of magnitude more accurate but much slower where the compiler produces optimized code for the competing methods.
KW  - FLOATING-point arithmetic
KW  - COMPUTER arithmetic
KW  - ROUNDING errors
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - error propagation
KW  - floating-point addition
KW  - summation
KW  - truncation error
KW  - KAHAN, W.
KW  - LINZ, P.
N1  - Accession Number: 5247927; Gregory, James 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Sep72, Vol. 15 Issue 9, p838; Subject Term: FLOATING-point arithmetic; Subject Term: COMPUTER arithmetic; Subject Term: ROUNDING errors; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: error propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: floating-point addition; Author-Supplied Keyword: summation; Author-Supplied Keyword: truncation error; People: KAHAN, W.; People: LINZ, P.; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/361573.361584
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STARR, CHAUNCEY
AU  - HAMMOND, R. PHILIP
T1  - Nuclear Waste Storage.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/09//9/ 1/1972
VL  - 177
IS  - 4051
M3  - Article
SP  - 744
EP  - 745
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85116877; STARR, CHAUNCEY 1; HAMMOND, R. PHILIP 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Engineering andc Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles 90024; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 9/ 1/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4051, p744; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STELSON, PAUL
T1  - Atomic Processes.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/09/15/
VL  - 177
IS  - 4053
M3  - Article
SP  - 985
EP  - 985
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85116978; STELSON, PAUL 1; Affiliations: 1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 9/15/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4053, p985; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - von Hippel, Frank
AU  - Primack, Joel
T1  - Public Interest Science.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/09/29/
VL  - 177
IS  - 4055
M3  - Article
SP  - 1166
EP  - 1171
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85138448; von Hippel, Frank 1; Primack, Joel 2; Affiliations: 1: associate physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2: junior fellow of the Society of Fellows and a member of the physics department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Issue Info: 9/29/1972, Vol. 177 Issue 4055, p1166; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WALBURG.JR., H. E.
T1  - MEETING REPORTS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1972/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 619
EP  - 620
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article offers information on a meeting on the statistical interpretation on mammalian survival experiments under the auspices of the biology division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory which was held in Gatlinburg, Tennessee from October 20 to 23, 1972. The meeting aims to discuss statistical methods of analyzing the problem of competing risks of mammals and to clarify implications of the analyses for experimental design and methods of data collection. Among the attendees of the meeting were D. Grahn, G. A. Sacher, M. Goldman, and D. G. Kaufman. In the opening discussion, the chairman pointed out that very few investigators make the needed corrections despite the fact that competition between risks on mortality seriously influences estimates of lifetime incidence of diseases.
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Survival behavior (Animals)
KW  - Mammals -- Research
KW  - Mammal behavior
KW  - Competing risks
KW  - Information services
KW  - Gatlinburg (Tenn.)
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - Goldman, M.
KW  - Kaufman, D. G.
N1  - Accession Number: 32121178; WALBURG.JR., H. E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830;  Source Info: Oct1972, Vol. 22 Issue 10, p619; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Survival behavior (Animals); Subject Term: Mammals -- Research; Subject Term: Mammal behavior; Subject Term: Competing risks; Subject Term: Information services; Subject: Gatlinburg (Tenn.); Subject: Tennessee; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, W. J.
AU  - Makinodan, T.
T1  - AUTOIMMUNITY IN AGED MICE.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1972/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 290
SN  - 00099104
AB  - Studies of mice with medium and long life-spans were undertaken to determine whether the autoantibodies that occur in disease and in aging are due to a common underlying cause or to separate mechanisms. Results were obtained using untreated and trypsinized syngeneic red blood cells (RBC) to detect anti-RBC autoantibodies in the plasma of aged mice. The occurrence of these autoantibodies in mice appears to be independent of strain, average life-span, and rearing conditions and their appearance in mice free of obvious autoimmune diseases suggests that they are not associated exclusively with such diseases. However, the frequency of mice with autoantibodies increases with advancing age and tends to be higher in females. These autoantibodies are distinct from natural heteroantibodies, but they are reactive against RBC from  other mouse strains. Their activity is temperature sensitive, to the extent that they are more reactive at 22°C than at 37°C. Their striking affinity for trypsinized RBC suggests that their activity may be against inaccessible, nonpeptidic determinants, most likely of carbohydrate moiety. The autoantibodies are primarily IgM immunoglobulins, and in some cases they can be IgA immunoglobulins. RBC from young and old mice show the same immunogenic potential, so changes in the RBC due to somatic variations are unlikely to be the cause for their origin. The possible origin and significance of these autoantibodies are discussed in the light of current evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical & Experimental Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOIMMUNITY
KW  - MICE
KW  - AGING
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - AUTOANTIBODIES
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 14544250; Peterson, W. J. 1; Makinodan, T. 2; Source Information: Oct72, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p273; Subject: AUTOIMMUNITY; Subject: MICE; Subject: AGING; Subject: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject: AUTOANTIBODIES; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Atkins, H.;
AU  - Christman, D.;
AU  - Fowler, J.;
AU  - Hauser, W.;
AU  - Hoyte, R.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Organic radiopharmaceutical labeled with isotopes of short half-life. V. F 18 labeled 5- and 6-fluorotryptophan
CT  - Organic radiopharmaceutical labeled with isotopes of short half-life. V. F 18 labeled 5- and 6-fluorotryptophan
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1972/10/01/
VL  - 13
IS  - Oct
SP  - 713
EP  - 719
AD  - c/o Alfred P. Wolf, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 11-0292; Language: English; Chemical Name: Fluorine--7782-41-4; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals fluorine; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry
KW  - Fluorine--F 18-;
KW  - Fluorotryptophan--radiopharmaceuticals-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--fluorine--F 18 labeled 6- and 5-fluorotryptophan, synthesis;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - NOFZIGER, JAMES C.
AU  - SELF, H. L.
AU  - RUDNICK, A. W.
AU  - MACHOL, ROBERT E.
AU  - KRUSKAI, WILLIAM
AU  - MCMULLEN, WARREN A.
AU  - EPSTEIN, SAMUEL S.
AU  - LIJINSKY, WILLIAM
T1  - DES Residues.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/10/13/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4057
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 118
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85138481; NOFZIGER, JAMES C. 1; SELF, H. L. 2; RUDNICK, A. W. 3; MACHOL, ROBERT E. 4; KRUSKAI, WILLIAM 5; MCMULLEN, WARREN A. 6; EPSTEIN, SAMUEL S. 7; LIJINSKY, WILLIAM 8; Affiliations: 1: Suite 201, 6911 Topanga Canyon Boulevard, Canoga Park, California 91303; 2: Outlying Experimental Farms, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames 50010; 3: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington; 4: Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611; 5: Department of Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, 11inois 60637; 6: Department of Chemistry, Greenville College, Greenville, Illinois 62246; 7: School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; 8: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 10/13/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4057, p117; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McNULTY, P. J.
AU  - PEASE, V. P.
AU  - PINSKY, L. S.
AU  - BONI, V. P.
AU  - SCHIMMERLING, W.
AU  - VOSBURGH, K. G.
T1  - Visual Sensations Induced by Relativistic Nitrogen Nuclei.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/10/13/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4057
M3  - Article
SP  - 160
EP  - 162
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The ability of the human eye to detect nitrogen nuclei that enter the retina at speeds just above the Cerenkov threshold has been confirmed in an experiment at the Princeton Particle Accelerator. A system for beam transport and subject alignment delivered individual nitrogen nuclei onto a spot 3 millimeters in diameter on the retina at a visual angle of 7 degrees on the temporal side of the fovea. The beam particles entered the retina within 25 degrees of normal and induced visual sensations that had the appearance of streaks for three out of four subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85138506; McNULTY, P. J. 1; PEASE, V. P. 1; PINSKY, L. S. 2; BONI, V. P. 3; SCHIMMERLING, W. 4; VOSBURGH, K. G. 4; Affiliations: 1: Clarkson College of Technology, Potsdam, New York 13676; 2: NASA Manned Spacecraft Center, Houtston, Texas 77058; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, Nev York 11973; 4: Princeton Particle Accelerator, Princeton, New Jersey 08540; Issue Info: 10/13/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4057, p160; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WHITTINGHAM, D. G.
AU  - LEIBO, S. P.
AU  - MAZUR, P.
T1  - Survival of Mouse Embryos Frozen to -196° and -269°C.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/10/27/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4059
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 414
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Mouse embryos survived freezing to -196°C. Survival required slow cooling (0.3° to 2°C per minute) and slow warming (4° to 25°C per minute). Depending on the specific rates used, 50 to 70 percent of more than 2500 frozen and thawed early embryos developed into blastocysts in culture after storage at -196°C for up to 8 days. When approximately 1000 of the survivors, including some frozen to -269°C (4° K), were transferred into foster mothers, 65 percent of the recipients became pregnant. More than 40 percent of the embryos in these pregnant mice gave rise to normal, living full-term fetuses or newborn mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85158207; WHITTINGHAM, D. G. 1; LEIBO, S. P. 1; MAZUR, P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 10/27/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4059, p411; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinrad, Bernard I.
T1  - Elder Statesman.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1972/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 48
EP  - 48
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Social Organization of Electric Power Supply in Modern Societies," by Philip Sporn.
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SPORN, Philip
KW  - SOCIAL Organization of Electric Power Supply in Modern Societies, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21569878; Spinrad, Bernard I. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Nov1972, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p48; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PANOFSKY, WOLFGANG K. H.
AU  - FESHBACH, HERMAN
AU  - WENESER, JOSEPH
T1  - NAS Physics Report.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/11/03/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4060
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
EP  - 450
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158217; PANOFSKY, WOLFGANG K. H. 1; FESHBACH, HERMAN 2; WENESER, JOSEPH 3; Affiliations: 1: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; 2: Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachuisetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory. Upton. New York 11973; Issue Info: 11/ 3/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4060, p449; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HUGHES, JOHN T.
AU  - WOODWELL, G. M.
AU  - CRAIG, P. P.
AU  - JOHNSON, H. A.
T1  - DDT in Rainfall.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/11/03/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4060
M3  - Article
SP  - 450
EP  - 450
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158219; HUGHES, JOHN T. 1; WOODWELL, G. M. 2; CRAIG, P. P. 3; JOHNSON, H. A. 4; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Department of Scientific and Indiustrial Research, Private Bag. Petone, New Zealand; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton. New York 11973; 3: National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. 20550; 4: Indianai University Aledical Center. Indianapolis 4f6202; Issue Info: 11/ 3/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4060, p450; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - TENNANT, RAYMOND W.
AU  - RICHTER, CONRAD B.
T1  - Murine Leukemia Virus: Restriction in Fused Permissive and Nonpermissive Cells.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/11/03/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4060
M3  - Article
SP  - 516
EP  - 518
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Cultures of human cells nonpermissive for mouse leukemia virus replication could not be induced to support virus replication by homtiologous fusion in the presence of Molotney leukemnia virus. Human cells were also fused with permissive mouse cells, and the fate of the virus in heterokaryonis was determined by a simtlultaneous autoradiography and fluorescent antibody technique. Heterokaryons containing the full chromsome complement of both cells were likewise nonpermissive for virus synthesis but hybrids of human and mouse cells, which lacked up to half of the human chromsome comnplement, were permnissive for viruis synthesis. The results suggest that human cell genes can direct a repressiv, e control over mouse leukemia virus replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85158244; TENNANT, RAYMOND W. 1; RICHTER, CONRAD B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Carcinogenesis Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 11/ 3/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4060, p516; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - NEUFELD, ELIZABETH F.
AU  - SWEELEY, CHARLES C.
AU  - ROGERS, STANFIELD
AU  - FRIEDMANN, THEODORE
AU  - ROBLIN, RICHARD
T1  - Gene Therapy for Human Genetic Disease?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/11/10/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4061
M3  - Article
SP  - 648
EP  - 649
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85138563; NEUFELD, ELIZABETH F. 1; SWEELEY, CHARLES C. 2; ROGERS, STANFIELD 3; FRIEDMANN, THEODORE 4; ROBLIN, RICHARD 5; Affiliations: 1: National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014; 2: Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48823; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 4: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92037; 5: Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Issue Info: 11/10/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4061, p648; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chapman, Duane
AU  - Tyrrell, Timothy
AU  - Mount, Timothy
T1  - Electricity Demand Growth and the Energy Crisis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/11/17/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4062
M3  - Article
SP  - 703
EP  - 708
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85138572; Chapman, Duane 1; Tyrrell, Timothy 2; Mount, Timothy 1; Affiliations: 1: Assistant professors, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850; 2: Statistical programmer, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 11/17/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4062, p703; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WESTON JR., RALPH E.
T1  - Solution Chemistry.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/11/17/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4062
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 741
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85138584; WESTON JR., RALPH E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: 11/17/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4062, p741; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jordan, Carl F.
AU  - Kline, Jerry R.
T1  - MINERAL CYCLING: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN A TROPICAL RAIN FOREST.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1972/12//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 50
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Discusses some basic concepts in relation to a mineral-cycling study of a Puerto Rican tropical rain forests.  Principles of mineral cycles at the terrestrial ecosystem level; Input-output balance of mineral elements in ecosystem; Relationship between the concentration of mineral elements in ecosystem drainage water and the volume of drainage water; Relative loss of cations from the ecosystem in relation to their replacing power.
KW  - Mineral cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Rain forests
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Forest drainage
KW  - Cations
KW  - Puerto Rico
N1  - Accession Number: 11904770; Jordan, Carl F. 1; Kline, Jerry R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Issue Info: 1972, Vol. 3, p33; Thesaurus Term: Mineral cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Rain forests; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Forest drainage; Subject Term: Cations; Subject: Puerto Rico; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bara, Metin
AU  - Gordon, Solon A.
T1  - The Effect of Gravity Compensation on Growth and Cell Wall-loosening Enzymes in <em>Helianthus annuus</em> Hypocotyls.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1972/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 280
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The effect of gravity compensation by the clinostat on the elongation, weight, and activity of two cell wall-loosening enzymes (cellulase and (β-1,3-glucanase) in <em>Helianthus annuus</em> hypocotyls was examined. Gravity compensation increases elongation (28.1%) and weight (18.3 %), The activity of cellulase extracted from the apical sections is raised, but there is no significant effect on β-1,3-glucanase. The relationship between gravity compensation, changes in auxin level, and function of these two enzymes in respect to elongation is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Compositae
KW  - Sunflowers
KW  - Plant hormones
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Catalysts
N1  - Accession Number: 13865492; Bara, Metin 1; Gordon, Solon A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 1972, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p277; Thesaurus Term: Compositae; Thesaurus Term: Sunflowers; Thesaurus Term: Plant hormones; Subject Term: Enzymes; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Catalysts; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13865492
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - EDSALL, JOHN T.
AU  - WEINBERG, ALVIN M.
T1  - Nuclear Energy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/12//12/ 1/1972
VL  - 178
IS  - 4064
M3  - Article
SP  - 933
EP  - 934
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85138640; EDSALL, JOHN T. 1; WEINBERG, ALVIN M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 12/ 1/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4064, p933; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Wiswall Jr., Richard H.
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1972/12//
VL  - 227
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 00368733
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor in response to the article "Science and the Citizen," in the August 1972 issue.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Hydrides
N1  - Accession Number: 20875934; Wiswall Jr., Richard H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Issue Info: Dec1972, Vol. 227 Issue 6, p6; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Hydrides; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KIMBALL, R. F.
T1  - Biological Repair.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/12/08/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4065
M3  - Article
SP  - 1086
EP  - 1086
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85138709; KIMBALL, R. F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 12/ 8/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4065, p1086; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Roger H.
AU  - von Borstel, R. C.
T1  - Genetic Control of Insect Populations.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/12/15/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4066
M3  - Article
SP  - 1164
EP  - 1174
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85135724; Smith, Roger H. 1; von Borstel, R. C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Staff of the biology division and the National Science Foundation Environmental Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Chairman, department of genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Issue Info: 12/15/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4066, p1164; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WOODWELL, G. M.
T1  - Inconvenient Alternatives.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/12/15/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4066
M3  - Article
SP  - 1191
EP  - 1192
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85135733; WOODWELL, G. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York; Issue Info: 12/15/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4066, p1191; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BERNAL, IVAN
AU  - WATKINS, STEVEN F.
T1  - Direct Phase Determination from Neutron Diffraction Data of the Structure of Melampodin.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1972/12/22/
VL  - 178
IS  - 4067
M3  - Article
SP  - 1282
EP  - 1283
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The structure of a large complex molecule, C21H24O9, has been solved directly from neutron diffraction data by using sigma-2 and tangent refinement methods. As a consequence, the neutron diffraction technique must be reevaluated as a possible primary tool for crystal structure determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85135774; BERNAL, IVAN 1; WATKINS, STEVEN F. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Coates Chemical Laboratory, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803; Issue Info: 12/22/1972, Vol. 178 Issue 4067, p1282; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Atkins, H.;
AU  - Klopper, J.;
AU  - Lambrecht, R.;
AU  - Wolf, A.;
T1  - Comparison of technetium 99\LC/m\UC/ and iodine 123 for thyroid imaging
CT  - Comparison of technetium 99\LC/m\UC/ and iodine 123 for thyroid imaging
JO  - Am. J. Roentgenol. Radium Ther. Nucl. Med.
JF  - Am. J. Roentgenol. Radium Ther. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1973/01/01/
VL  - 117
IS  - Jan
SP  - 195
EP  - 201
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Medical Department, Chemistry Department, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 10-4294; Language: English; Chemical Name: Technetium--7440-26-8 Iodine--7553-56-2; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals Technetium (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals Iodine; References: 9; Journal Coden: AJRRAV; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Evaluations; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - A comparative study of thyroid scans showed that I 123 was superior to Tc 99m in patients. The renewed interest in this nuclide is the potential availability of I 123 in millicurie quantities by cyclotron production without I 124 contamination and only 0.2% I 125 at delivery.
KW  - Technetium--Tc 99m, comparison, I 123-;
KW  - Iodine--I 123, comparison, Tc 99m-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--Technetium--Tc 99m, comparison, I 123, in thyroid scans, in patients;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--Iodine--I 123, comparison, Tc 99m, in thyroid scans, in patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Technology and Ecology - Is There a Need for Confrontation?
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1973/01//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 41
EP  - 45
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The author reflects on the possible schism between the advancement in technology and the developments in the ecology. According to the author, technology and ecology may be compatible in the developments in their separate fields and working together. The author suggests in order for the two fields to prosper, they must work together as partners, liberated from the constraints which their past history has imposed on them.
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Population biology
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Technology
N1  - Accession Number: 32129021; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830;  Source Info: Jan1973, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p41; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Thesaurus Term: Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Argonne National Laboratory.
T1  - Argonne code center installation representative guide
JO  - Contrat W-31-109-eng-38. 1973 January. Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois. 40 P. Ntis: Anl/acc-1; Hc $5.00, Mf $1.45
JF  - Contrat W-31-109-eng-38. 1973 January. Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois. 40 P. Ntis: Anl/acc-1; Hc $5.00, Mf $1.45
Y1  - 1973///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The program and operating procedures of the argonne code center are described. The activities of the center are discussed in terms of the following: 1) information services; 2) program exchange, 3) access facilities, and 4) cooperative efforts.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0902211; Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: 1973; Note: Update Code: 0900; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Weber, Max
T1  - An advanced in-house course in technical writing
JO  - In Society For Technical Communication, Inc. Proceedings Of The 20th International Technical Communications Conference, Houston, Texas, May 9-12, 1973. P. 189-194. 10 Ref. Work Supported By The U.s. Atomic Energy Commission. See Isa 74-021/y
JF  - In Society For Technical Communication, Inc. Proceedings Of The 20th International Technical Communications Conference, Houston, Texas, May 9-12, 1973. P. 189-194. 10 Ref. Work Supported By The U.s. Atomic Energy Commission. See Isa 74-021/y
Y1  - 1973///
M3  - Book
AB  - Describes the argonne national laboratory course in advanced technical writing, taught as part of the laboratory evening academic program. Among the things included in the paper are the types of people who take the course, a description of the course itself, and a discussion of how the classes are conducted. The course covers the nature of written communications, sentence deficiencies, grammer, semantics, syntax, economy in writing, modifiers, parallelism, linkage, logic and style. The course is designed to be job-oriented by devoting classroom time to discussing reports the students have written as part of their laboratory responsibilities. To help develop the students' ability to analze writing, each student takes a turn at leading the discussion of the writing done by another student.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0900201; Weber, Max 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois.;  Source Info: 1973; Note: Update Code: 0900; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Mena, I.;
T1  - L-\LC/m\UC/-tyrosine and parkinsonism
CT  - L-\LC/m\UC/-tyrosine and parkinsonism
JO  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
JF  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
Y1  - 1973/01/01/
VL  - 223
IS  - Jan 1
SP  - 83
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
N1  - Accession Number: 10-2475; Language: English; Chemical Name: Tyrosine--55520-40-6; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents tyrosine; References: 6; Publication Type: Letters; Journal Coden: JAMAAP; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Evaluations; Abstract Author: Joan Lentine
N2  - Reasons for unsuccessful treatment of parkinsonian patients with L-m-tyrosine are discussed.
KW  - Tyrosine--Parkinson's disease-;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--tyrosine--Parkinson's disease, therapy, effects, lack, in patients, discussion;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Fowler, J.;
AU  - Finn, R.;
AU  - Lambrecht, R.;
AU  - Wolf, A.;
T1  - Synthesis of \SU/18\BS/F-5-fluorouracil. VII
CT  - Synthesis of \SU/18\BS/F-5-fluorouracil. VII
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1973/01/01/
VL  - 14
IS  - Jan
SP  - 63
EP  - 64
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 10-2928; Language: English; Chemical Name: Fluorouracil--51-21-8; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals fluorouracil (10:00); AHFS Class: Antineoplastic agents fluorouracil; References: 11; Publication Type: Preliminary notes; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - A 35 min. procedure for the synthesis, purification, and delivery of F 18 fluorouracil after cyclotron irradiation is reported.
KW  - Fluorouracil--F 18-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--fluorouracil--F 18, synthesis and purification;
KW  - Antineoplastic agents--fluorouracil--F 18, synthesis and purification;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Klein, Ann S
AU  - Passiakos, Margaret
T1  - Journal control system by batch processing at oak ridge national laboratory
JO  - Ornl-4837. Contract W-7405-eng-26. 1973 January. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee. Iii + 51 P. 35 Illus. 1 Ref. Ntis: Ornl-4837; Hc $3.00, Mf $0.95
JF  - Ornl-4837. Contract W-7405-eng-26. 1973 January. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee. Iii + 51 P. 35 Illus. 1 Ref. Ntis: Ornl-4837; Hc $3.00, Mf $0.95
Y1  - 1973///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The oak ridge national laboratory (ornl) integrated computer programs for journal control have been extensively revised so that all journal ordering for ornl, y-12, and orgdp is handled through this system. This series of programs provide: 1) management information in the form of cost, subscriber, and title statistics; 2) seven copy purchase requisitions; o) claim letters to vendors relating to missing issues, 2n addition, computer check-in, notification of binding, and recording of journal arrival is provided for the central research library. This report is divided into four sections. Section 1 describes the title and vendor backup files. Section 2 relates to the control of ordering, statistics, claiming, and preparation of purchase orders. Section 3 discusses the checking in, binding, listing of arrivals, and handling of subscription stoppages. Section 4 is concerned with programs which provide a union list and autority file of all journals in the knoxville-oak ridge area. The apppendix contains flow charts of the programs in the system. Seven year's experience with computer handling of journals has proved that there is nothing static about the computer system or the periodicals. All the ornl journal system programs need constant maintenence and ungrading as new computer systems releases are used at ornl. Modular programming allows revisions of the program as system requirements and library user needs change. All our programs run in less than 30 sec, and consequently computer costs are quite low. The preparing and handling of input for approximately 6000 journal orders representing 3300 active titles is onerous and perhaps in the future an on-line method of supplying input on the computer may lessen the present input load.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0801155; Klein, Ann S 1; Passiakos, Margaret; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee;  Source Info: 1973; Note: Update Code: 0800; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - TRIPLETT, LARRY L.
AU  - HABER, ALAN H.
T1  - Dichloromethane and Lettuce Seed Germination.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/01/05/
VL  - 179
IS  - 4068
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 96
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87546827; TRIPLETT, LARRY L. 1; HABER, ALAN H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box Y, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1/5/1973, Vol. 179 Issue 4068, p95; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Light, Time, and the Signals of the Year.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1973/02//
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
EP  - 86
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article focuses on the biological function of light. It mentions that photoperiodism may cause or prevent dormancy, senescence and even death of flowering plants. The author declares that animals also show short-day responses. Daylengths, which vary from species to species, have an effect on the breeding of many birds and mammals. Light is also important in the photosynthesis and photoreception of plants. The article also discusses the interactions between light and dark period lengths.
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Photobiology
KW  - Light
KW  - Photoperiodism
KW  - Plant photoreceptors
KW  - Biological rhythms
KW  - Light -- Physiological effect
KW  - Plant photoperiodism
KW  - Aging
N1  - Accession Number: 32129125; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York 11973;  Source Info: Feb1973, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p81; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Photobiology; Subject Term: Light; Subject Term: Photoperiodism; Subject Term: Plant photoreceptors; Subject Term: Biological rhythms; Subject Term: Light -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: Plant photoperiodism; Subject Term: Aging; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kertesz, Francois
T1  - Handling of scientific information in romania
JO  - Journal of Chemical Documentation
JF  - Journal of Chemical Documentation
Y1  - 1973/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 20
SN  - 00219576
AB  - The scientific documentation center of the romanian academy acts as the focus of information activities. It ensures centralized procurement of difficulty assessible reports. It maintains contact with similar national and international organizations. Review and state-of-the-art articles receive special attention. An answering service is provided, giving references in response to specific subjects. Romanian scientific efforts are summarized in russian and english-language bulletins and offered in free exchange for similar foreign publications. The organization of this activity and the individual tools are described, emphasizing the needs of chemistry and chemical engineering.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0802139; Kertesz, Francois 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.;  Source Info: February 1973, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p15; Note: Update Code: 0800; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Atkins, H.;
AU  - Eckelman, W.;
AU  - Klopper, J.;
AU  - Richards, P.;
T1  - Vascular imaging with T\LC/c\UC/99\LC/m\UC/ red blood cells
CT  - Vascular imaging with T\LC/c\UC/99\LC/m\UC/ red blood cells
JO  - Radiology
JF  - Radiology
Y1  - 1973/02/01/
VL  - 106
IS  - Feb
SP  - 357
EP  - 360
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Applied Science, Medical Department, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 10-3669; Language: English; Chemical Name: Technetium--7440-26-8; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals technetium; References: 10; Journal Coden: RADLAX; Section Heading: Drug Evaluations; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - Technetium Tc 99m labeled to erythrocytes can be used for imaging large vascular pools such as the heart and placenta.
KW  - Technetium--Tc 99m-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--technetium--Tc 99m, vascular imaging with labeled erythrocytes;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Mena, I.;
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Brown, F. C.;
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Miller, S. T.;
T1  - Defective release of growth hormone in parkinsonism improved by levodopa
CT  - Defective release of growth hormone in parkinsonism improved by levodopa
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
Y1  - 1973/02/08/
VL  - 288
IS  - Feb 8
SP  - 320
EP  - 321
SN  - 00284793
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
N1  - Accession Number: 10-2766; Language: English; Chemical Name: Levodopa--59-92-7; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents levodopa; References: 6; Publication Type: Letters; Journal Coden: NEJMAG; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Evaluations; Abstract Author: Joan Lentine
N2  - Preliminary findings suggest that a defective output of growth hormone which exists in patients with parkinsonism was corrected by levodopa.
KW  - Levodopa--effects-;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--levodopa--effects, increased growth hormone output, in parkinsonian patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reichle, D. E.
AU  - O'Neeill, R. V.
AU  - Kaye, S. V.
AU  - Sollins, P.
AU  - Booth, Ray S.
T1  - Systems analysis as applied to modeling ecological processes.
JO  - Oikos
JF  - Oikos
Y1  - 1973/03//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
EP  - 343
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00301299
AB  - Environmental systems analysis, or systems ecology, deals with the mathematical modeling of environmental systems as sets of coupled compartments with time dependent changes in amounts of elements, compounds and energy described by mathematical equations. A basic premise is that environmental systems may be simulated with mathematical equations utilizing the same assumptions about underlying properties that permit the use of similar equations in engineering. Systems analysis techniques are used in many fields of science and engineering where the dynamic response of a system is of interest. Ecologists have long recognized that nutrient elements cycle and energy flows in the environment from one trophic level to another, but only recently have they learned to apply the well-developed mathematical techniques of systems engineering to ecological problems. This paper discusses feasibility and techniques, with examples of applications of systems analysis to the modeling of a forested ecosystem, emphasizing the role of earthworms in organic matter decomposition and the contribution of this process to carbon flow in the ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oikos is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - System analysis
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Equations
KW  - Ecologists
KW  - Systems engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 17749643; Reichle, D. E. 1; O'Neeill, R. V. 1; Kaye, S. V. 1; Sollins, P. 1; Booth, Ray S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.; Issue Info: 1973, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p337; Thesaurus Term: System analysis; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Thesaurus Term: Equations; Thesaurus Term: Ecologists; Subject Term: Systems engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller Jr., O. L.
T1  - The Visualization of Genes in Action.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1973/03//
VL  - 228
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 42
SN  - 00368733
AB  - The article presents information on a research that attempts to make electron micrographs of individual genes in action to see how the transfer of information from the DNA of the genes into protein is accomplished. The steps involved in the transcription of DNA into RNA and the translation of RNA into protein is discussed.
KW  - RNA
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - Genes
KW  - Genetic transcription
KW  - DNA-protein interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 23704393; Miller Jr., O. L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Member, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar1973, Vol. 228 Issue 3, p34; Thesaurus Term: RNA; Subject Term: Electron microscopy; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Genetic transcription; Subject Term: DNA-protein interactions; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MEADOWS, DENNIS L.
AU  - WEINBERG, ALVIN M.
T1  - Nuclear Energy and Growth.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/03/02/
VL  - 179
IS  - 4076
M3  - Article
SP  - 855
EP  - 856
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158330; MEADOWS, DENNIS L. 1; WEINBERG, ALVIN M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Thayer School of Enginieering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hamnpshire 03755; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 3/ 2/1973, Vol. 179 Issue 4076, p855; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AU  - Moyers, John C.
T1  - Efficiency of Energy Use in the United States.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/03/30/
VL  - 179
IS  - 4080
M3  - Article
SP  - 1299
EP  - 1304
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85117041; Hirst, Eric 1; Moyers, John C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Staff members, Oak Ridge National Laboratory-National Science Foundation environmental program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 3/30/1973, Vol. 179 Issue 4080, p1299; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuki, H.
AU  - Cody, W. J.
AU  - Timlake, W. P.
T1  - A Statistical Study of the Accuracy of Floating Point Number Systems.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1973/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 230
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This paper presents the statistical results of tests of the accuracy of certain arithmetic systems in evaluating sums, products and inner products, and analytic error estimates for some of the computations. The arithmetic systems studied are 6-digit hexadecimal and 22-digit binary floating point number representations combined with the usual chop and round modes of arithmetic with various numbers of guard digits, and with a modified round mode with guard digits. In a certain sense, arithmetic systems differing only in their use of binary or hexadecimal number representations are shown to be approximately statistically equivalent in accuracy. Further, the usual round mode with guard digits is shown to be statistically superior in accuracy to the usual chop mode in all cases save one. The modified round mode is found to be superior to the chop mode in all cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - FLOATING-point arithmetic
KW  - BINARY system (Mathematics)
KW  - COMPUTER arithmetic
KW  - NUMBER systems
KW  - error analysis
KW  - floating point arithmetic
KW  - guard digits
KW  - number representation
KW  - rounding
N1  - Accession Number: 5221651; Kuki, H. 1; Cody, W. J. 2; Timlake, W. P.; Affiliations: 1: University of Chicago.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Apr1973, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p223; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: FLOATING-point arithmetic; Subject Term: BINARY system (Mathematics); Subject Term: COMPUTER arithmetic; Subject Term: NUMBER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: error analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: floating point arithmetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: guard digits; Author-Supplied Keyword: number representation; Author-Supplied Keyword: rounding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/362003.362013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Griffin, Hillis L
T1  - Implementing the new system: conversion, training and scheduling
JO  - Library Trends
JF  - Library Trends
Y1  - 1973/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
EP  - 574
SN  - 00242594
AB  - Conversion to an automated system involves careful review of existing data and selection of those files and data elements that are sufficiently accurate and current. Conversion devices include keypunch, optical character readers, terminals, and typewriters that produce machine-readable output. Terminals connected to a minicomputer with editing and disc storage offer many advantages for large volume operations. Input may require transcription to keypunching worksheets, unless library personnel familiar with the material perform the input operation. Training may be required for the input equipment; programming and system analyst courses are also desirable. On the job training is often extensive for a conversion. Decisions must be made concerning which files will be available on-line or batch. Scheduling computer operations is essential to good library operations.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0900092; Griffin, Hillis L 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois.;  Source Info: April 1973, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p565; Note: Update Code: 0900; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Mena, I.;
AU  - Bell, M.;
T1  - Oxybate sodium for parkinsonism
CT  - Oxybate sodium for parkinsonism
JO  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
JF  - J. Am. Med. Assoc.
Y1  - 1973/04/02/
VL  - 224
IS  - Apr 2
SP  - 130
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York
N1  - Accession Number: 10-3868; Language: English; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents oxybate; References: 8; Publication Type: Letters; Journal Coden: JAMAAP; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Investigational Drugs; Abstract Author: Joan Lentine
N2  - Orally administered oxybate sodium proved ineffective against the symptoms of parkinsonism both in untreated and levodopa treated subjects. Length of oxybate therapy varied from 8-123 days, and doses ranged from 1.8-10.2 g./day.
KW  - Oxybate--Parkinson's disease-;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--oxybate--lack, effect, in patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - RAHMAN, YUEH-ERH
AU  - ROSENTHAL, MARCIA W.
AU  - CERNY, ELIZABETH A.
T1  - Intracellular Plutonium: Removal by Liposome-Encapsulated Chelating Agent.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/04/20/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4083
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
EP  - 302
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Chelating agents, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) were successfully encapsulated within lipid spherules (that is, liposomes). Encapsutlated [14C]EDTA, given intravenously to mice, was retained longer in tissues that nonencapsulated [14C]EDTA. Encapsulated DTPA, given to mice 3 days after pluttonium injection, removed an additional fraction of plutonium in the liver, presumably intracellular, not available to nonencapslulated DTPA. It also further increased urinary excretion of plutonium. Introduction of chelating agents into cells by liposomal encapsulation is a promising new approach to the treatment of metal poisoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85136008; RAHMAN, YUEH-ERH 1; ROSENTHAL, MARCIA W. 1; CERNY, ELIZABETH A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 4/20/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4083, p300; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - WEINBERG, ALVIN M.
T1  - Author's Reply.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1973/05//
VL  - 23
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 274
EP  - 275
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A response by Alvin M. Weinberg to a letter to the editor about his article on nuclear source of energy in the previous issue is presented.
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 32122564; WEINBERG, ALVIN M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box X, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830;  Source Info: May1973, Vol. 23 Issue 5, p274; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hammond, R. Philip
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Energy Limits.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1973/05//
VL  - 29
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 2
EP  - 3
SN  - 00963402
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article of "Global Effects of Increased Use of Energy," by Carl Barus in the March 1972 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL degradation
N1  - Accession Number: 21569949; Hammond, R. Philip 1; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.;  Source Info: May1973, Vol. 29 Issue 5, p2; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL degradation; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Lambrecht, R.;
AU  - Norton, E.;
AU  - Wolf, A.;
T1  - Kit for carrier-free I 123-sodium iodide. VIII
CT  - Kit for carrier-free I 123-sodium iodide. VIII
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1973/05/01/
VL  - 14
IS  - May
SP  - 269
EP  - 273
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Upton, New York, 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 10-4795; Language: English; Chemical Name: Iodine--7553-56-2; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals iodine; References: 29; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - A kit preparation for carrier-free I 123 is reported. Xe123 prepared by accelerator production was condensed on a Pyrex surface and allowed to decay to I 123. The preparation described contains no I 124 and less than 0.2% of I 125.
KW  - Iodine--I 123-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--iodine--I 123, synthesis;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Carlstedt, B. C.;
AU  - Crespi, H. L.;
AU  - Blake, M. I.;
AU  - Katz, J. J.;
T1  - Biosynthesis of deuterated benzyl penicillins. III. Relative antibiotic potency of highly deuterated benzylpenicillin
CT  - Biosynthesis of deuterated benzyl penicillins. III. Relative antibiotic potency of highly deuterated benzylpenicillin
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
JF  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
Y1  - 1973/05/01/
VL  - 62
IS  - May
SP  - 856
EP  - 857
SN  - 00223549
AD  - Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
N1  - Accession Number: 11-0941; Language: English; Chemical Name: Penicillin G--61-33-6; References: 14; Publication Type: Notes; Journal Coden: JPMSAE; Section Heading: Microbiology; Pharmaceutical Chemistry
N2  - The relative antibiotic potency of a highly deuterated benzylpenicillin and H-benzylpenicillin was compared using the official cup-plate bioassay, with Sarcina lutea as the test organism. A relative potency (H/D) of 1.23 was obtained. Although the penicillin analogs act by the same mechanism, deuterium apparently affects the potency in an adverse way.
KW  - Penicillin G--deuterated-;
KW  - Mechanism of action--penicillin G--deuterated, activity against Sarcina lutea decreased;
KW  - Deuteration--penicillin G--effects, activity against Sarcina lutea;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ABRAHAM, BERNARD M.
AU  - SCHREINER, FELIX
T1  - A Low-Temperature Thermal Process for the Decomposition of Water.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06//6/ 1/1973
VL  - 180
IS  - 4089
M3  - Article
SP  - 959
EP  - 960
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The following three reactions, each of which has been shown to proceed at the temperature indicated above the arrow, are suggested as a cycle for the thermal decomposition of water: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85178650; ABRAHAM, BERNARD M. 1; SCHREINER, FELIX 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 6/ 1/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4089, p959; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HART, EDWIN J.
AU  - SCHMIDT, KLAUS H.
AU  - VASUDEVAN, KEELATHUR N.
T1  - Condensation Nucleus Discriminator Making Optical Measurements on Fog: A Tool for Environmental Research.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06/08/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4090
M3  - Article
SP  - 1064
EP  - 1067
SN  - 00368075
AB  - An instrument providing a new, rapid, and accurate method of determining the number and critical radii of condensation nuclei with radii under 200 angstroms is described. Based on the principle of the cloud chamber, the instrument measures transient changes in the attenuation and scattering of a monochromatic light beam by the growing fog droplets. From data obtained the absolute number concentration and radii of condensation nuclei can be calculated. Preliminary studies of aerosol formation in beta-irradiated mixtures of air and sulfur dioxide showed that carbon monoxide and methane inhibit the formation of nuclei; relative rate constants can be deduced. Some applications of this instrument for environmental and basic research are pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85178697; HART, EDWIN J. 1; SCHMIDT, KLAUS H. 1; VASUDEVAN, KEELATHUR N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 6/ 8/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4090, p1064; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BREDIG, MAX A.
T1  - The Born-Einstein Letters.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06/15/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4091
M3  - Article
SP  - 1118
EP  - 1118
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158577; BREDIG, MAX A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 6/15/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4091, p1118; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BROSS, IRWIN D. J.
AU  - WEINBERG, ALVIN M.
T1  - Trans-Science and Responsibility.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06/15/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4091
M3  - Article
SP  - 1122
EP  - 1124
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158582; BROSS, IRWIN D. J. 1; WEINBERG, ALVIN M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Roswell Park Memnorial Institiute, Bufalo, New York 14203; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 6/15/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4091, p1122; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - NEWKIRK, ARIHUR E.
AU  - TRIGG, GEORGE L.
T1  - Artifact or Artefact?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06/22/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4092
M3  - Article
SP  - 1232
EP  - 1233
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158624; NEWKIRK, ARIHUR E. 1; TRIGG, GEORGE L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Research and Development Center, General Electic Company, Schenectady, New York 12301; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973; Issue Info: 6/22/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4092, p1232; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winsche, W. E.
AU  - Hoffman, K. C.
AU  - Salzano, F. J.
T1  - Hydrogen: Its Future Role in the Nation's Energy Economy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06/29/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4093
M3  - Article
SP  - 1325
EP  - 1332
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158668; Winsche, W. E. 1; Hoffman, K. C. 2; Salzano, F. J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Chairman of Department of applied science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Assistant division Head, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 3: Staff Member, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 6/29/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4093, p1325; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott, Charles D.
T1  - Health Care Delivery and Advanced Technology.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06/29/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4093
M3  - Article
SP  - 1339
EP  - 1342
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158670; Scott, Charles D. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Chief of Biochemical Technology Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Professor of biomedical engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville; Issue Info: 6/29/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4093, p1339; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BURNS, JOHN H.
T1  - Elements 89-103.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06/29/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4093
M3  - Article
SP  - 1357
EP  - 1357
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158682; BURNS, JOHN H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Transuraniumn Research Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 6/29/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4093, p1357; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CARLSON, PETER S.
T1  - Methionine Sulfoximine-Resistant Mutants of Tobacco.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/06/29/
VL  - 180
IS  - 4093
M3  - Article
SP  - 1366
EP  - 1368
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Selecting mutants from populations of haploid plant cells cultured in vitro may provide a rapid method for recovering agriculturally useful variants. Mutants of Nicotiana tabacum were recovered which were resistant to methionine sul/oximine, an analog structurally similar to methionine. Induction of chlorosis was prevented or less evident in mutant plants that were inoculated with Pseudomonas tabaci, a bacterial pathogen which produces a toxin that is a structural analog of methionine. Several mutants show a specific increase in the level of free methionine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85158688; CARLSON, PETER S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 6/29/1973, Vol. 180 Issue 4093, p1366; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HARBOTTLE, GARMAN
T1  - Radiation Chemistry.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/07/13/
VL  - 181
IS  - 4095
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 153
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158759; HARBOTTLE, GARMAN 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: 7/13/1973, Vol. 181 Issue 4095, p153; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - UPHOFF, DELTA E.
AU  - WHITTINGHAM, D. G.
AU  - LEIBO, S. P.
AU  - MAZUR, PETER
T1  - Maternal Influences on Mouse Embryos and Preservation of Mutant Strains by Freezing.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/07/20/
VL  - 181
IS  - 4096
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 288
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85362897; UPHOFF, DELTA E. 1; WHITTINGHAM, D. G. 2; LEIBO, S. P. 3; MAZUR, PETER 3; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory of Physiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20014; 2: Physiological Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge, England; 3: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 7/20/1973, Vol. 181 Issue 4096, p287; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Esser, P.;
AU  - Atkins, H.;
AU  - Robertson, J.;
T1  - Rate of accumulation of technetium 99\LC/m\UC/ by the thyroid
CT  - Rate of accumulation of technetium 99\LC/m\UC/ by the thyroid
JO  - Am. J. Roentgenol. Radium. Ther. Nucl. Med.
JF  - Am. J. Roentgenol. Radium. Ther. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1973/08/01/
VL  - 118
IS  - Aug
SP  - 827
EP  - 830
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Medical Department, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 11-3403; Language: English; Chemical Name: Technetium--7440-26-8; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals technetium; References: 11; Journal Coden: AJRRAV; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Metabolism and Body Distribution; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - Thyroidal uptake of technetium was studied in 56 patients. The average maximum uptake takes about 18 minutes with the range between 6 minutes to over 30 minutes. It was concluded that the 20 minute thyroid uptake test is a reasonable clincial procedure.
KW  - Technetium--Tc 99m-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--technetium--Tc 99m, thyroid uptake, in patients;
KW  - Drugs, body distribution--technetium--Tc 99m, thyroid uptake, in patients;
KW  - Metabolism--technetium--Tc 99m, body distribution, thyroid uptake, in patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SPARROW, A. H.
T1  - Hazards of Chemical Carcinogens and Mutagens.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/08/24/
VL  - 181
IS  - 4101
M3  - Article
SP  - 700
EP  - 701
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85363076; SPARROW, A. H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 8/24/1973, Vol. 181 Issue 4101, p700; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MARMOT, MICHAEL G.
AU  - WINKELSTEIN JR., WARREN
AU  - PETERS, EDWARD N.
AU  - SCOTT, CHARLES D.
T1  - Health and Technology.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/09/28/
VL  - 181
IS  - 4106
M3  - Article
SP  - 1204
EP  - 1205
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85117348; MARMOT, MICHAEL G. 1; WINKELSTEIN JR., WARREN 1; PETERS, EDWARD N. 2; SCOTT, CHARLES D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Epidemiology Group, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720; 2: Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642; 3: Biolnedical Technology Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge. Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 9/28/1973, Vol. 181 Issue 4106, p1204; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Peraino, C.;
AU  - Fry, R. J. M.;
AU  - Staffeldt, E.;
T1  - Enhancement of spontaneous hepatic tumorigenesis in C3H mice by dietary phenobarbital
CT  - Enhancement of spontaneous hepatic tumorigenesis in C3H mice by dietary phenobarbital
JO  - Journal of the National Cancer Institute (USA)
JF  - Journal of the National Cancer Institute (USA)
Y1  - 1973/10/01/
VL  - 51
IS  - Oct
SP  - 1349
EP  - 1350
SN  - 00278874
AD  - Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
N1  - Accession Number: 11-1413; Language: English; Chemical Name: Phenobarbital--50-06-6; Therapeutic Class: (28:12); AHFS Class: Anticonvulsants phenobarbital; References: 11; Section Heading: Toxicity
N2  - A study of the effects of phenobarbital on the appearance of spontaneous liver tumors in mice is presented. Male and female C3H mice, housed 1/cage or 5/cage, were fed a control diet or one containing 0.05% phenobarbital. After 12 months the mice were examined for spontaneous liver tumors. In mice fed the control diet, tumor incidence was higher in males than in females, and higher in mice housed 1/cage than in those housed 5/cage. Phenobarbital in the diet increased the incidence of liver tumors, irrespective of population density or sex, but did not decrease the degree of differentiation of the tumors. Phenobarbital apparently accelerated the expression of spontaneous hepatic tumorigenesis in C3H mice.
KW  - Phenobarbital--toxicity-;
KW  - Anticonvulsants--phenobarbital--toxicity, studies, spontaneous hepatic tumors, induction, in mice;
KW  - Toxicity--phenobarbital--studies, spontaneous hepatic tumors, induction, in mice;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SHIVELY, J. M.
AU  - BALL, FRANCES
AU  - BROWN, D. H.
AU  - SAUNDERS, R. E.
T1  - Functional Organelles in Prokaryotes: Polyhedral Inclusions (Carboxysomes) of Thiobacillus neapolitanus.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/11/09/
VL  - 182
IS  - 4112
M3  - Article
SP  - 584
EP  - 586
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The polyhedral inclusions of Thiobacillus neapolitanus have been isolated; they contain ribulose diphosphate carboxylase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85117561; SHIVELY, J. M. 1; BALL, FRANCES 2; BROWN, D. H. 3; SAUNDERS, R. E. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631; 2: Molecular Anatomy Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 3: Medical Division, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge; 4: Department of Plant Pathology, and Physiology, Clemson University; Issue Info: 11/ 9/1973, Vol. 182 Issue 4112, p584; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, Edward
AU  - Ryoichi Hayatsu
AU  - Studier, Martin H.
T1  - Organic Compounds in Meteorites.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/11/23/
VL  - 182
IS  - 4114
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 789
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87436949; Anders, Edward 1; Ryoichi Hayatsu 1; Studier, Martin H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Horton professor of chemistry and senior research associate, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; 2: senior chemist, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 11/23/1973, Vol. 182 Issue 4114, p781; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MARSHALL, JOHN H.
T1  - Radiation Biology.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/11/23/
VL  - 182
IS  - 4114
M3  - Article
SP  - 818
EP  - 818
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87436956; MARSHALL, JOHN H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: 11/23/1973, Vol. 182 Issue 4114, p818; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CROTTY, WILLIAM J.
AU  - LEDBETTER, MYRON C.
T1  - Membrane Continuities Involving Chloroplasts and Other Organelles in Plant Cells.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/11/23/
VL  - 182
IS  - 4114
M3  - Article
SP  - 839
EP  - 841
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Plant cell membranes were examnineed in thin sections by electron microscopy. Numerous membrane continuities appeared between chloroplasts and other organelles of the fern Pteris vittata L., and occasionally in the leaves of the tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. A number of these continuities had not been reported earlier or had been seen only infrequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87436958; CROTTY, WILLIAM J. 1; LEDBETTER, MYRON C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, New York University, New York 10003; 2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 11/23/1973, Vol. 182 Issue 4114, p839; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frome, Edward L.
AU  - Kutner, Michael H.
AU  - Beauchamp, John J.
T1  - Regression Analysis of Poisson-Distributed Data.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1973/12//
VL  - 68
IS  - 344
M3  - Article
SP  - 935
SN  - 01621459
AB  - The principle of maximum likelihood is used to obtain estimates of the parameters in a regression model when the experimental observations are assumed to follow the Poisson distribution. The maximum likelihood estimates are shown to be equivalent to those obtained by minimization of a quadratic form which reduces to a modified chi square under the Poisson assumption. Computationally, both of these estimation procedures are equivalent to a properly weighted least squares analysis. Approximate tests of the assumed Poisson variation and "goodness of fit" of the data to the model are proposed. Applications of the estimation procedure to linear and nonlinear regression models are discussed, and numerical examples are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - POISSON distribution
KW  - GOODNESS-of-fit tests
N1  - Accession Number: 4603775; Frome, Edward L. 1; Kutner, Michael H. 2; Beauchamp, John J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Assistant Professor of Statistics-Operations Research, Department of General Business,  University of Texas, Austin, Austin, Tex. 78712.; 2: Assistant Professor, Department of Statistics and Biometry, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. 30322.; 3: Statistician, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830.; Issue Info: Dec73, Vol. 68 Issue 344, p935; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Thesaurus Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: POISSON distribution; Subject Term: GOODNESS-of-fit tests; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bowman, K. O.
AU  - Shenton, L. R.
T1  - Remarks on the Distribution of square root of b[sub1] in Sampling from a Normal Mixture, and Normal Type A Distribution.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1973/12//
VL  - 68
IS  - 344
M3  - Article
SP  - 998
SN  - 01621459
AB  - The asymptotic method described in an earlier article (Bowman and Shenton [2]) is applied to derive the power of the square root of b[sub 1] test of normality against skewed alternatives. In particular, normal mixtures of two components and Type A distributions, each depending on four parameters, are considered. Comparisons of the assessment of percentage points of square root of b[sub 1] using Cornish-Fisher expansions based on the normal and Monte Carlo simulations are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
N1  - Accession Number: 4604166; Bowman, K. O. 1; Shenton, L. R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Research Statistician, Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box Y, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830.; 2: Professor of Statistics, University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. 30601.; Issue Info: Dec73, Vol. 68 Issue 344, p998; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICAL hypothesis testing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MORSS, LESTER R.
AU  - ABRAHAM, BERNARD M.
AU  - SCHREINER, FELIX
T1  - Low-Temperature Thermal Decomposition of Water.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1973/12/28/
VL  - 182
IS  - 4119
M3  - Article
SP  - 1372
EP  - 1373
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85178943; MORSS, LESTER R. 1; ABRAHAM, BERNARD M. 2; SCHREINER, FELIX 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Chemistry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903; 2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 12/28/1973, Vol. 182 Issue 4119, p1372; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Lijinsky, W.;
T1  - Reaction of drugs with nitrous acid as a source of carcinogenic nitrosamines
CT  - Reaction of drugs with nitrous acid as a source of carcinogenic nitrosamines
JO  - Cancer Research (USA)
JF  - Cancer Research (USA)
Y1  - 1974/01/01/
VL  - 34
IS  - Jan
SP  - 255
EP  - 258
SN  - 00085472
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37380
N1  - Accession Number: 11-4296; Language: English; References: 8; Journal Coden: CNREA8; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry
N2  - Twelve common drugs that are tertiary amines react with nitrite in aqueous solution at pH 3 to 4 to form dialkylnitrosamines that are known carcinogens. Aminopyrine gave dimethylnitrosamine in 30% yield or higher at all concentrations down to 50 ppm. (with 25 ppm. nitrite); the other product of this reaction was the nitrite salt of 4-hydroxyantipyrine. The other drugs, when present at 0.01M with 0.04M nitrite, formed nitrosamines in yields ranging from 0.03% from dextropropoxyphene to 2.4% from lucanthone in 4 hr. at 37\DG/.
KW  - Amines--tertiary--carcinogens, formation of dialkylnitrosamines when reacted with nitrous acid;
KW  - Drugs--amines--tertiary, carcinogens, formation of dialkylnitrosamines when reacted with nitrous acid;
KW  - Nitrosamines--dialkyl--carcinogens, formed from nitrous acid-tertiary amine reaction;
KW  - Toxicity--amines--tertiary, carcinogens, formation of dialkylnitrosamines;
KW  - Carcinogens--nitrosamines--dialkyl, formation, from nitrous acid-tertiary amine reaction;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
T1  - Union list of serials in the technical libraries of the oak ridge-knoxville area
JO  - Contract W-7405-eng-26. 1974 December. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee. 800 P. Ntis: Ornl-tm-4858; Hc $18.75, Mf $2.25. Compiled By Southern Appalachian Chapter, Special Libraries Association
JF  - Contract W-7405-eng-26. 1974 December. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee. 800 P. Ntis: Ornl-tm-4858; Hc $18.75, Mf $2.25. Compiled By Southern Appalachian Chapter, Special Libraries Association
Y1  - 1974///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The publication comprises all of oak ridge national laboratory libraries holdings as of september, 1974, but the lsit of holdings of the oak ridge gaseous diffusion plant library, the oak ridge associated universities libary, and tennessee valley authority libraries, and the university of tennessee libraries are incomplete. The knoxville academy of medicine library is no longer in existence, but its holdings have not been deleted from this edition. Entries, in most cases, follow the library of congress, new serial titles, rules. Directions for use of the list are shown. A key to locations an a key to abbreviations and symbols are given.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1102065; Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Source Info: 1974; Note: Update Code: 1100; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Düby-Nunes, Simone
AU  - Roos, B.
AU  - Cottier, H.
AU  - Schindler, R.
AU  - Hess, M. W.
AU  - Stoner, R. D.
T1  - Kinetics of Macrophages and Reticuloendothelial Cells in Mouse Lymph Nodes during Secondary Antibody Responses to Tetanus Toxoid.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1974/01//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 36
SN  - 00192805
AB  - The proliferative activity and rate of cell renewal of, and incorporation of tritiated nucleosides into, macrophages, reticuloendothelial cells and fibroblasts were studied in lymph nodes of mice before and after a regional second antigenic stimulus with tetanus toxoid. Histological and autoradiographic examinations revealed that in non-stimulated nodes of animals primed 6 months previously, none of the above cell-types was found to synthesize DNA. Throughout a period of 10 days following secondary antigenic stimulation via the hind leg foot pads, only four of approximately five thousand of these cells counted in the popliteal lymph nodes of thirty-four mice were labelled initially by [³H]thymidine. Incorporation of [³H]cytidine could, therefore, be interpreted as reflecting almost exclusively RNA synthesis. Mean grain counts of non-proliferating cells 1 hour after injection of this radioactive precursor started to rise first in small lymphocytes, reached a peak around 6 hours following the booster injection of antigen and returned to slightly elevated values at 12 hours. At this time, the mean labelling intensity of macrophages, reticuloendothelial cells and fibroblasts had barely begun to increase. Peak values for the latter cell-types were attained only on the third day after secondary antigenic stimulation. These findings are interpreted as indicating consecutive waves of enhanced RNA synthesis first in lymphocytes and then in macrophages or the other elements mentioned above. This lends further support to the hypothesis that, following a second injection of tetanus toxoid, elevated rates of RNA synthesis in macrophages are not a prerequisite for triggering lymphocytes to enter proliferation and differentiation. Macrophages having ingested various materials showed significantly higher mean grain counts than cells not containing cytoplasmic inclusions. One early response of the macrophage system to the booster injection of antigen consisted of a more rapid and increased turnover, i.e. replacement of unlabelled by labelled cells with increasing time after injection of [³H]thymidine. The results are discussed in relation to macrophage functions in immune responses and possible cellular transformations in the macrophage series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACROPHAGES
KW  - RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - DNA
KW  - RNA
KW  - THYMIDINE
N1  - Accession Number: 12827698; Düby-Nunes, Simone 1; Roos, B. 1; Cottier, H. 1; Schindler, R. 1; Hess, M. W.; Stoner, R. D. 2; Source Information: Jan74, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p23; Subject: MACROPHAGES; Subject: RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject: DNA; Subject: RNA; Subject: THYMIDINE; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
T1  - A moving chamber design for measuring soil respiration rates.
JO  - Oikos
JF  - Oikos
Y1  - 1974/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 101
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00301299
AB  - A system is described for measuring in situ CO2 evolution rates from forest soil. The apparatus incorporates an infrared gas analyzer with open air flow through 10 chambers which sequentially lower over the forest floor during measurements and raise after measurements are complete. Unlike methods using stationary chambers, this system allows litter and soil horizons to undergo a natural drying cycle. Litter moisture under stationary chambers was 76% of dry weight at the end of a 3-day sample period as compared to 40% under moving chambers and 39% in control plots. Carbon dioxide evolution rates from plots enclosed by stationary chambers ranged from 54 to 90% higher than those from moving chamber plots. Effects of such discrepancies in calculating the carbon balance of forest ecosystems are discussed. Application of the moving chamber apparatus in monitoring gaseous losses from biodegradable waste such as by-products of petroleum is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oikos is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Forest soils
KW  - Humus
KW  - Soils
KW  - Agricultural resources
KW  - Plant growing media
KW  - Economic geology
N1  - Accession Number: 18014853; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 1974, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p97; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Forest soils; Thesaurus Term: Humus; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural resources; Thesaurus Term: Plant growing media; Subject Term: Economic geology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GOUDSMIT, S. A.
T1  - Citation Analysis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/01/11/
VL  - 183
IS  - 4120
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
EP  - 28
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85344863; GOUDSMIT, S. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: American Physical Society, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 1/11/1974, Vol. 183 Issue 4120, p28; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - OLINS, ADA L.
AU  - OLINS, DONALD E.
T1  - Spheroid Chromatin Units (v Bodies).
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/01/25/
VL  - 183
IS  - 4122
M3  - Article
SP  - 330
EP  - 332
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Linear arrays of spherical chromatin particles (v bodies) about 70 angstroms in diameter have been observed in preparations of isolated eukaryotic nuclei swollen in water, centrifuged onto carbon films, and positively or negatively stained. These bodies have been found in isolated rat thymus, rat liver, and chicken erythrocyte nuclei. Favorable views also reveal connecting strands about 15 angstroms wide between adjacent particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 85158828; OLINS, ADA L. 1; OLINS, DONALD E. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1/25/1974, Vol. 183 Issue 4122, p330; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Beauchamp, R O, Jr
T1  - Toxicology information-retrieval and dissemination at the toxicology information response center
JO  - Journal of Chemical Documentation
JF  - Journal of Chemical Documentation
Y1  - 1974/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 32
EP  - 36
SN  - 00219576
AB  - The search procedures and techniques employed by the staff of a specialized information response center in relation to the materials and resources available to them are described. The computerized information systems and traditional resources used in the retrieval of toxicological information as well as the types of search requests received are delineated. The origination and classification of the research requests are evaluated.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA0901611; Beauchamp, R O, Jr 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.;  Source Info: February 1974, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p32; Note: Update Code: 0900; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WOODWELL, G. M.
T1  - Biotic Energy Flows.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/02//2/ 1/1974
VL  - 183
IS  - 4123
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 367
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85344946; WOODWELL, G. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 2/ 1/1974, Vol. 183 Issue 4123, p367; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - LIJINSKY, WILLIAM
T1  - Instability of N-Nitrosamides.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/02//2/ 1/1974
VL  - 183
IS  - 4123
M3  - Article
SP  - 368
EP  - 368
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85344949; LIJINSKY, WILLIAM 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge. Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 2/ 1/1974, Vol. 183 Issue 4123, p368; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - GOUDSMIT, S. A.
T1  - Voluntary or Not?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/02/22/
VL  - 183
IS  - 4126
M3  - Article
SP  - 702
EP  - 702
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85345080; GOUDSMIT, S. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 2/22/1974, Vol. 183 Issue 4126, p702; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammons, A. S.
AU  - Huff, J. E.
T1  - Asbestos: World concern, involvement and culpability.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Studies
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Studies
Y1  - 1974/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 251
PB  - Routledge
SN  - 00207233
AB  - The general population is exposed to asbestos fibers stemming from a massive number of consumer products and from environmental pollution. Asbestos bodies are present in the lungs of many urban dwellers who do not work with the mineral. Heavy occupational exposure to asbestos is known to cause asbestosis, pleural calcification, pleural plaques, lung cancer, and pleural and peritoneal mesotheliomas. The ingestion of asbestos fibers may increase the risk of gastrointestinal tract cancer. At the present time, little is known about the hazards of chronic low-level exposure to asbestos. However, the use of asbestos fibers should be curtailed whenever possible, more pathogenicity data should be collected and evaluated, and the health risk to the general public should be reassessed and updated with progressing research.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Asbestos abatement
KW  - Asbestosis
KW  - Hazardous substances
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Public health
KW  - Asbestos -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Lungs -- Dust diseases
KW  - Asbestos
KW  - Environment
KW  - Health (hazard)
N1  - Accession Number: 8326834; Hammons, A. S. 1; Huff, J. E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biomedical Sciences Section, Environmental Information System Office, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, U.S.A.; Issue Info: 1974, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p247; Thesaurus Term: Asbestos abatement; Thesaurus Term: Asbestosis; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substances; Thesaurus Term: Hazards; Thesaurus Term: Public health; Subject Term: Asbestos -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: Lungs -- Dust diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asbestos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Health (hazard); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212394 Asbestos mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Huff, J. E.;
AU  - Hernandez, L.;
T1  - O-T-C contraceptives
CT  - O-T-C contraceptives
JO  - J. Am. Pharm. Assoc.
JF  - J. Am. Pharm. Assoc.
Y1  - 1974/03/01/
VL  - NS14
IS  - Mar
SP  - 122
EP  - 130
AD  - Biomedical Sciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Information System, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
N1  - Accession Number: 12-4528; Language: English; References: 49; Journal Coden: JPHAA3; Section Heading: Pharmacy Practice; Abstract Author: Drucella Andersen
N2  - Contraceptive methods and nonprescription contraceptives (condoms, vaginal spermicides) are discussed. The pharmacist's role in providing information relating to OTC contraceptives is emphasized.
KW  - Contraceptives--drugs, over-the-counter--pharmacists, role in selection;
KW  - Drugs, over-the-counter--contraceptives--pharmacists, role in selection;
KW  - Pharmacists--contraceptives--over-the-counter, role in selection;
KW  - Drug information--contraceptives--over-the-counter, pharmacist's role;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kertesz, Francois
T1  - How To Cope with the Foreign-Language Problem: Experience Gained at a Multidisciplinary Laboratory.
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Y1  - 1974/03//Mar/Apr1974
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 104
SN  - 00028231
AB  - The problem of providing linguistic assistance to scientists in a large institution is reviewed on the basis of the author's personal experience. The various aspects of the problems caused by the foreign-language literature and language-induced difficulties in communication are listed, recommending specific solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Information Science is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMMUNICATION
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - LITERATURE
KW  - LANGUAGE & languages
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - AUTHORS
N1  - Accession Number: 17233039; Kertesz, Francois 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Mar/Apr1974, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p86; Thesaurus Term: COMMUNICATION; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION theory; Subject Term: LITERATURE; Subject Term: LANGUAGE & languages; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: AUTHORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 711510 Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 711513 Independent writers and authors; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeRouen, T. A.
AU  - Mitchell, Toby J.
T1  - A G[sub1]-Minimax Estimator for a Linear Combination of Binomial Probabilities.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1974/03//
VL  - 69
IS  - 345
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 01621459
AB  - A G[sub 1]-minimax estimator for an arbitrary linear combination of binomial probabilities {theta[sub i] is derived. Only the mean of each prior distribution is specified. The resulting G[sub 1]-minimax estimator is shown to be formed by estimating each theta[sub 1] by a weighted average of its prior mean and its maximum likelihood estimate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - LINEAR complementarity problem
KW  - BINOMIAL distribution
KW  - CHEBYSHEV approximation
N1  - Accession Number: 4608806; DeRouen, T. A. 1; Mitchell, Toby J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Assistant professor, Graduate Program in Biostatistics, Tulane University, New Orleans, La. 70112.; 2: Statistician, Mathematics and Statistics Research Staff, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (operated by Union Carbide for the Atomic Energy Commission), Oak Ridge, Term. 37830.; Issue Info: Mar1974, Vol. 69 Issue 345, p231; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: LINEAR complementarity problem; Subject Term: BINOMIAL distribution; Subject Term: CHEBYSHEV approximation; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ALLEN, A. O.
T1  - Raidiation Chemistry of Condensed Phases: Ràport of a Joint Japan-United States Seminar.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/03//3/ 1/1974
VL  - 183
IS  - 4127
M3  - Article
SP  - 881
EP  - 882
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85345158; ALLEN, A. O. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 3/ 1/1974, Vol. 183 Issue 4127, p881; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - Transportation Energy Conservation: Opportunities and Policy Issues.
JO  - Transportation Journal (American Society of Transportation & Logistics Inc)
JF  - Transportation Journal (American Society of Transportation & Logistics Inc)
Y1  - 1974///Spring74
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 52
PB  - American Society of Transportation & Logistics Inc
SN  - 00411612
AB  - The article discusses opportunities and policy issues in transportation energy conservation in the U.S. There are basically two complementary ways to resolve mounting energy problems, that is, develop and use improved technologies that provide abundant and clean energy and improve the efficiency with which energy is used. During the past two decades, energy use in the U.S. has doubled. About 40 per cent of this growth can be attributed directly to population growth, with the other 60 per cent accounted for by affluence. Industry accounts for about 40 per cent of the energy budget, transportation for 25 per cent, homes for 20 per cent, and commerce for 15 percent. Growth in per-capita transportation accounted for more than half the decade's energy growth. Per capita transportation growth is, in turn, determined by income and demographic changes and by changes in the quality and prices of transportation services. Since the automobile consumes a larger share of the transportation energy budget than all other modes combined, energy efficiency improvements are crucial to a transportation energy conservation policy.
KW  - Transportation -- Energy conservation
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Conservation of natural resources
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Per capita
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 7666276; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Engineer, ORNL-NSF Environmental Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 57830.; Issue Info: Spring74, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p42; Thesaurus Term: Transportation -- Energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Energy policy; Thesaurus Term: Conservation of natural resources; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Subject Term: Per capita; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924120 Administration of Conservation Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SUENAGA, M.
AU  - GARBER, M.
T1  - Low-Loss Niobium-Tin Compound for Superconducting Alternating-Current Power Transmission Applications.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/03/08/
VL  - 183
IS  - 4128
M3  - Article
SP  - 952
EP  - 954
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A Nb3Sn superconductor has been fabricated in rods and tapes by the interaction of the tin contained in a copper-tin alloy with niobium which had been in contact with the alloy material. This conductor has lower alternating current (60 hertz) losses than any presently available commercial products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85345185; SUENAGA, M. 1; GARBER, M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 3/ 8/1974, Vol. 183 Issue 4128, p952; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Lyon, W. S.;
AU  - Ricci, E.;
AU  - Ross, H. H.;
T1  - Nucleonics
CT  - Nucleonics
JO  - Anal. Chem.
JF  - Anal. Chem.
Y1  - 1974/04/01/
VL  - 46
IS  - Apr
SP  - 431R
EP  - 436R
AD  - Analytical Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
N1  - Accession Number: 11-3588; Language: English; References: 140; Publication Type: Review; Journal Coden: ANCHAM; Section Heading: Drug Analysis; Abstract Author: Douglas L. Thompson
N2  - The literature of radiochemical analysis and atomic activation analysis is reviewed.
KW  - Nucleonics--radiochemistry--and nuclear and atomic activation analysis, review;
KW  - Radiochemistry--analysis--review;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--analysis--radiochemical, and nuclear and atomic activation, review;
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DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singhal, Ram P.
T1  - Anion-Exclusion and Anion-Exchange Chromatography of Nucleotides.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1974/04//Apr74 Part 1
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 252
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Anion-exclusion chromatography, previously shown to resolve nucleosides, has been applied to separate nucleotides on "cation-exchange" columns at acid pH values. The study of pH and ionic effects indicates that these separations occur by anion repulsion, not by cation exchange. Cation exchange, previously held responsible for these separations, is inoperative since nucleotides at acid pH values bear net negative charges, as do the fixed anions of the resin. The separations can be explained by anion-exclusion chromatography, which involves two factors: repulsion between identically charged solute and resin ions, and partition between aqueous eluant and organic resin matrix. The results indicate that separations by anion exclusion areas good as or better than those by anion-exchange chromatography. Anion-exchange chromatography has also been reinvestigated to develop systems that can be used to separate the four major nucleotides in single eluants and to separate most nucleosides, nucleotides and other RNA hydrolysis products in one analysis. The ion-exclusion separations are compared with those of anion-exchange chromatography. The advantages and disadvantages of beth methods are discussed. A typical example of the analysis of a nucleoside-nueleotide mixture derived from the total hydrolysis of tRNAs for the assay of the base comparison and for the analysis of terminal end groups is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ANIONS
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - EXCHANGE reactions
KW  - ION exchange chromatography
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 12904116; Singhal, Ram P. 1; Source Information: Apr74 Part 1, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p245; Subject: ANIONS; Subject: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject: EXCHANGE reactions; Subject: ION exchange chromatography; Subject: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject: NUCLEIC acids; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ART, HENRY W.
AU  - BORMANN, F. HERBERT
AU  - VOIGT, GARTH K.
AU  - WOODWEILL, GEORGE M.
T1  - Barrier Island Forest Ecosystem: Role of Meteorologic Nutrient Inputs.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/04/05/
VL  - 184
IS  - 4132
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 62
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The Sunken Forest, located on Fire Island, a barrier island in the Atlantic Ocean off Long Island, New York, is an ecosystem in which most of the basic cation input is in the form of salt spray. This meteorologic input is sufficient to compensate for the lack of certain nutrients in the highly weathered sandy soils. In other ecosystems these nutrients are generally supplied by weathering of soil particles. The compensatory effect of meteorologic input allows for primary production rates in the Sunken Forest similar to those of inland temperate forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85345341; ART, HENRY W. 1; BORMANN, F. HERBERT 2; VOIGT, GARTH K. 2; WOODWEILL, GEORGE M. 3; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department and Center for Environmental Studies, Williams College, Williams, Massachutsetts 01267; 2: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511; 3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 4/ 5/1974, Vol. 184 Issue 4132, p60; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GENTRY, ROBERT V.
T1  - Radiohalos in a Radiochronological and Cosmological Perspective.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/04/05/
VL  - 184
IS  - 4132
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 66
SN  - 00368075
AB  - New photographic evidence, data on halo ring sizes, and x-ray fluorescence analyses provide unambiguolus evidence that polonium halos exist as a separate and distinct class apart fromn uraniumn halos. Because of the short halflives of the polonium isotopes involved, it is not clear how polonium halos may be explained on the basis of currenitly accepted cosmological models of Earth formlation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 85345342; GENTRY, ROBERT V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 4/ 5/1974, Vol. 184 Issue 4132, p62; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haaland, Carsten M.
AU  - Heath, Michael T.
T1  - MAPPING OF POPULATION DENSITY.
JO  - Demography
JF  - Demography
Y1  - 1974/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 336
SN  - 00703370
AB  - The Bureau of the Census listing of geographical coordinates of centroids of all enumeration districts together with population counts from the U. S. 1970 Census of Population was used to contruct via computer five nationwide geographical grids of population density with sector dimensions of 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.1, and 0.25 degrees of latitude and longitude. The entire population of a district was assigned to a grid sector if the coordinates of the district centroid fell within the boundaries of the sector. The sectors were then rank-ordered according to population density, and listings were made of sector population, population density, geographical location, cumulative population, area of sector, and cumulative area. The five sets of data were synthesized into single equations describing population as a function of density in one case and of area in another. From these data it was found, for example, that about 800,000 people live in 19 sectors of 0.01-degree dimensions with a population density of 100,000 people per square mile or greater (nearly all in Manhattan); about 10 million live in 183 sectors of 0.02-degree dimensions with a population density of 23,000 per square mile or greater; and about half of the total U. S. population, that is, about 100 million people, reside within about 0.6 percent of the area of the United States, that is, within 20,000 square miles. Four representative displays of population density are shown for the Northeast Corridor, including isometric views and a contour map. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Demography is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEMOGRAPHY
KW  - CENSUS
KW  - POPULATION density
KW  - POPULATION geography
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 16799035; Haaland, Carsten M. 1; Heath, Michael T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: May2005, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p321; Thesaurus Term: DEMOGRAPHY; Thesaurus Term: CENSUS; Subject Term: POPULATION density; Subject Term: POPULATION geography; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BENNETT, L. H.
AU  - CUTHILL, J. R.
AU  - MCALISTER, A. J.
AU  - ERICKSON, N. E.
AU  - WATSON, R. E.
T1  - Electronic Structure and Catalytic Behavior of Tungsten Carbide.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/05/03/
VL  - 184
IS  - 4136
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
EP  - 565
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Tungsten carbide has been shown to be an efjective catalyst for a number of reactions that are readily catalyzed by platinum, but not at all by tungsten, and it was speculated that this behavior is due to changes in the electron distribution when carbon is added to tungsten. A test of this hypothesis, made by measuring the valence band x-ray photoelectron spectrum of tungsten carbide and comparing it with the spectra of tungsten and platinum, shows that, near the Fermi level, the electronic density of states of tungsten carbide more nearly resembles that of platinum than that of tungsten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85345499; BENNETT, L. H. 1; CUTHILL, J. R. 1; MCALISTER, A. J. 1; ERICKSON, N. E. 1; WATSON, R. E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Institute for Materials Research, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20760; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793; Issue Info: 5/ 3/1974, Vol. 184 Issue 4136, p563; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Standish, T. A.
AU  - Henschen, L.
AU  - Overbeek, Ross
AU  - Wos, L.
T1  - A Theorem-Proving Language for Experimentation.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1974/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 314
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Because of the large number of strategies and inference rules presently under consideration in automated theorem proving, there is a need for developing a language especially oriented toward automated theorem proving. This paper discusses some of the features and instructions of this language. The use of this language permits easy extension of automated theorem-proving programs to include new strategies and/or new inference rules. Such extendability will permit general experimentation with the various alternative systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - AUTOMATIC theorem proving -- Software
KW  - INFERENCE (Logic)
KW  - COMPUTER logic
KW  - factoring
KW  - paramodulation
KW  - programming languages
KW  - resolution
KW  - theorem proving
N1  - Accession Number: 5246447; Standish, T. A.; Henschen, L. 1; Overbeek, Ross 2; Wos, L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Steppenwolf Theatre, Artistic Director; 2: Northern Illinois University.; 3: Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Jun74, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p308; Thesaurus Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Thesaurus Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC theorem proving -- Software; Subject Term: INFERENCE (Logic); Subject Term: COMPUTER logic; Author-Supplied Keyword: factoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: paramodulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: programming languages; Author-Supplied Keyword: resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: theorem proving; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patrick, Clifford H.
AU  - Ritchey, P. Neal
T1  - Changes in Population and Employment as Processes in Regional Development.
JO  - Rural Sociology
JF  - Rural Sociology
Y1  - 1974///Summer74
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 224
EP  - 237
SN  - 00360112
AB  - The interrelationships between changes in the location of population and employment and the structure of economic activity in the development of regions has not been examined explicitly. This study constructs a paradigm based on national trends showing the relationship of population and employment in the development of a region. Data for the Old Manufacturing Belt and the South are examined to determine if the processes evident at the national level are apparent in two subnational regions which differ in their levels of economic development. The results are consistent. The paradigm appears to be useful as a model for indicating the broad patterns of change which can be expected to occur as a region develops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Rural Sociology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMMUNITY development
KW  - DEVELOPMENT economics
KW  - POPULATION -- Economic aspects
KW  - EMPLOYMENT (Economic theory)
KW  - ECONOMIC development
KW  - RURAL sociology
KW  - SOUTHERN States
KW  - REGIONAL planning
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - NORTHEASTERN States
KW  - Old Manufacturing Belt
N1  - Accession Number: 13161516; Patrick, Clifford H. 1; Ritchey, P. Neal 2; Affiliations: 1 : Urban Research Section, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; 2 : Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Tennessee;  Source Info: Summer74, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p224; Historical Period: 1964 to 1974; Subject Term: COMMUNITY development; Subject Term: DEVELOPMENT economics; Subject Term: POPULATION -- Economic aspects; Subject Term: EMPLOYMENT (Economic theory); Subject Term: ECONOMIC development; Subject Term: RURAL sociology; Subject Term: SOUTHERN States; Subject Term: REGIONAL planning; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject: NORTHEASTERN States; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ARNOLD, WILLIAM
AU  - PERDUE, STELLA
AU  - AZZI, JIM
T1  - Photochemical Activity of Single Chloroplasts Recorded by the Use of Nuclear Track Emulsion.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/07/05/
VL  - 185
IS  - 4145
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 61
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The photochemistry done by single chloroplasts cant be nmeasured when thle chloroplasts are embedded in nuclear track emnulsion. It has been known for more thani 50 yeatrs that certain chemizicals will blacken photographic plates (cliemioical fogginug). Although this effect has been little used to measure chemnical reactions, it mpcay be particularly useful in photocheniistry and electrochemiiistry, since as little as 10-18, mtole cani be mleasured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85117766; ARNOLD, WILLIAM 1; PERDUE, STELLA 1; AZZI, JIM 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Riclge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 7/ 5/1974, Vol. 185 Issue 4145, p59; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Raaen, H. P.;
T1  - Radiolectrochemistry\M/a review
CT  - Radiolectrochemistry\M/a review
JO  - Anal. Chem.
JF  - Anal. Chem.
Y1  - 1974/08/01/
VL  - 46
IS  - Aug
SP  - 1265
EP  - 1292
AD  - Technical Publication Department, Information Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
N1  - Accession Number: 11-4685; Language: English; References: 354; Publication Type: Review; Journal Coden: ANCHAM; Section Heading: Drug Analysis; Abstract Author: Douglas L. Thompson
N2  - The conjoint use of radioisotopes with electrochemistry is reviewed.
KW  - Radioisotopes--and electrochemistry--review, radioelectrochemistry;
KW  - Electrochemistry--and radioisotopes--review, radioelectrochemistry;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GOLDSTEIN, GERALD
T1  - Quality of Chemical Compounds.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/08/16/
VL  - 185
IS  - 4151
M3  - Article
SP  - 568
EP  - 568
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85178982; GOLDSTEIN, GERALD 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 8/16/1974, Vol. 185 Issue 4151, p568; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, Samuel C.
T1  - Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis (Book).
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1974/10//
VL  - 64
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1011
EP  - 1011
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - The article reviews the book "Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis," edited by L. J. Selikoff, M. M. Key and D. H. K. Lee.
KW  - Lungs -- Dust diseases
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Key, M. M.
KW  - Selikoff, L. J.
KW  - Lee, D. H. K.
KW  - Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14089238; Morris, Samuel C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY; Issue Info: Oct1974, Vol. 64 Issue 10, p1011; Subject Term: Lungs -- Dust diseases; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis (Book); People: Key, M. M.; People: Selikoff, L. J.; People: Lee, D. H. K.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Lambrecht, R.;
AU  - Atkins, H.;
AU  - Elias, H.;
AU  - Fowler, J.;
AU  - Lin, S.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Novel I 123-labeling reagent. 13. Synthesis and loading dose effects of I 123-4-iodophenylalanine and I 123-5- and 6-iodotryptophan
CT  - Novel I 123-labeling reagent. 13. Synthesis and loading dose effects of I 123-4-iodophenylalanine and I 123-5- and 6-iodotryptophan
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1974/10/01/
VL  - 15
IS  - Oct
SP  - 863
EP  - 867
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Dept., Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 12-4426; Language: English; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals 4-iodophenylalanine (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals iodotryptophan; References: 29; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Section Heading: Preliminary Drug Testing; Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - An exchange reaction using I 123 to synthesize I 123-4-iodophenylalanine and I 123-5- and 6-iodotryptophan was described. The tissue distribution of the iodinated amino acids was studied in mice.
KW  - 4-Iodophenylalanine--I 123-;
KW  - Iodotryptophan--I 123-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--4-iodophenylalanine--I 123, synthesis and body distribution, in mice;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--iodotryptophan--I 123, synthesis, and body distribution, in mice;
KW  - Drugs, body distribution--4-iodophenylalanine--I 123, and synthesis, in mice;
KW  - Drugs, body distribution--iodotryptophan--I 123, and synthesis, in mice;
KW  - Metabolism--4-iodophenylalanine--I 123, body distribution, and synthesis, in mice;
KW  - Metabolism--iodotryptophan--I 123, body distribution, and synthesis, in mice;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LINDAHL, RONALD
AU  - ROSENZWEIG, MARTIN
AU  - WILLINGHAM, WARREN W.
T1  - Success in Graduate School.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/10/18/
VL  - 186
IS  - 4160
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
EP  - 195
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118001; LINDAHL, RONALD 1; ROSENZWEIG, MARTIN 2; WILLINGHAM, WARREN W. 3; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: Departmiient of Biometrics, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140; 3: Office of the Executive Director for Program Research, Educational Testing Service, Princeton, New Jersey 08540; Issue Info: 10/18/1974, Vol. 186 Issue 4160, preceding p195; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott, Charles D.
T1  - High-Pressure Ion Exchange Chromatography.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/10/18/
VL  - 186
IS  - 4160
M3  - Article
SP  - 226
EP  - 233
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118006; Scott, Charles D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chief of the Experimental Engineering Section, Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 10/18/1974, Vol. 186 Issue 4160, p226; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GEISLER, F. H.
AU  - JONES, K. W.
AU  - FOWLER, J. S.
AU  - KRANER, H. W.
AU  - WOLF, A. P.
AU  - CRONKITE, E. P.
AU  - SLATKIN, D. N.
T1  - Deuterium Micromapping of Biological Samples by Using the D(T,n)4He Reaction and Plastic Track Detectors.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/10/25/
VL  - 186
IS  - 4161
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 363
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A technique has been developed to micromap deuterium by using the D(T,n)4He reaction and plastic track detectors. Labeling of cells with subpicogram quantities of deuterium was demonstrated. The technique was used to localize human lymphocytes transformed in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85118065; GEISLER, F. H. 1; JONES, K. W. 1; FOWLER, J. S. 1; KRANER, H. W. 1; WOLF, A. P. 1; CRONKITE, E. P. 1; SLATKIN, D. N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 10/25/1974, Vol. 186 Issue 4161, p361; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Woodwell, G. M.
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1974/11//
VL  - 231
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
SN  - 00368733
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "The Disposal of Waste in the Ocean," by Willard Bascom in the August 1974 issue.
KW  - Waste disposal in the ocean
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 20571382; Woodwell, G. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Issue Info: Nov1974, Vol. 231 Issue 5, p8; Thesaurus Term: Waste disposal in the ocean; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HAID, D. A.
AU  - GARBER, M.
AU  - SUENAGA, M.
T1  - Niobium for Superconducting Alternating-Current Power Transmission.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/11/22/
VL  - 186
IS  - 4165
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
EP  - 756
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118169; HAID, D. A. 1; GARBER, M. 2; SUENAGA, M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Union Carbide Corporation, Linde Division, Tarrytown Technical Center, Tarrytown, New York 10591; 2: Division of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 11/22/1974, Vol. 186 Issue 4165, p755; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Volpi, A.
T1  - Energy Policy Decision-Making: The Need for Balanced Input.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1974/12//
VL  - 30
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 33
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Examines Atomic Energy Commission interconnections various power companies and assesses the clout which environmental groups and the general public have in determining energy policy; discusses the separation of military use of nuclear power and nonmilitary nuclear activity, asserting that environmentalists need to press for more responsible public disclosure of nuclear proliferation.
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - ETHNOCRACY
KW  - PUBLIC interest
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL policy
KW  - SAFETY regulations
KW  - NATIONAL interest
KW  - PUBLIC support
KW  - PUBLIC relations
KW  - PRESSURE groups
KW  - ARMED Forces
KW  - GOVERNMENT policy
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - Conservation; pollution; environmental problems and protection
KW  - INTERNATIONAL LAW, ECONOMICS, AND DIPLOMACY
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
N1  - Accession Number: 21596121; De Volpi, A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois;  Source Info: Dec1974, Vol. 30 Issue 10, p29; Historical Period: 1974; Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: ETHNOCRACY; Subject Term: PUBLIC interest; Subject Term: ENERGY policy; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL policy; Subject Term: SAFETY regulations; Subject Term: NATIONAL interest; Subject Term: PUBLIC support; Subject Term: PUBLIC relations; Subject Term: PRESSURE groups; Subject Term: ARMED Forces; Subject Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation; pollution; environmental problems and protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: INTERNATIONAL LAW, ECONOMICS, AND DIPLOMACY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cohen, Alan S.
AU  - Hurter Jr., Arthur P.
T1  - AN INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS OF THE COSTS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1974/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
EP  - 461
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - Pollution control costs are considered in three categories: (i) costs of control equipment, (ii) costs of switching to cleaner fuels or processes, and (iii) costs to consumers measured by changes in a consumer price index. The sum of type (i) and (ii) are "direct" costs; while (iii) is an "indirect" cost. An input-output model is developed which permits inclusion of both direct and indirect costs in the measure of pollution control costs. It is demonstrated that, when there is at least one firm in the community described by the model required to control its pollution, the prices of all consumer goods will be higher after the imposition of controls than before; and the increase in price will be at least as great as the direct costs of pollution control in the production of each good. If each industry can independently minimize its direct cost of pollution control, then the indirect costs will also be minimized. When shortages of clean fuels are considered, firms and industries cannot all control their emissions optimally. In this case, overall minimization of the direct costs of control will not generally result in minimization of the indirect costs as well. However, a particular kind of weighting of industry by industry direct control costs is developed, such that minimization of this weighted sum results in minimization of indirect costs as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Management Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - POLLUTION control costs
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - DIRECT costing
KW  - CONSUMER price indexes
KW  - CONSUMER goods
KW  - OVERHEAD costs
KW  - INPUT-output analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - ECONOMIC aspects
N1  - Accession Number: 7160281; Cohen, Alan S. 1; Hurter Jr., Arthur P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory.; 2: Steppenwolf Theatre, Artistic Director; Issue Info: Dec1974, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p453; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTION; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTION control costs; Thesaurus Term: AIR pollution; Thesaurus Term: DIRECT costing; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER price indexes; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER goods; Thesaurus Term: OVERHEAD costs; Thesaurus Term: INPUT-output analysis; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: ECONOMIC aspects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LAVELLE, GEORGE C.
T1  - Mycoplasma Contamination.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/12/06/
VL  - 186
IS  - 4167
M3  - Article
SP  - 870
EP  - 870
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118210; LAVELLE, GEORGE C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Carcinogenesis Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 12/ 6/1974, Vol. 186 Issue 4167, p870; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - VENKATESH, C. G.
AU  - RICE, S. A.
AU  - NARTEN, A. H.
T1  - Amorphous Solid Water: An X-ray Diffraction Study.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/12/06/
VL  - 186
IS  - 4167
M3  - Article
SP  - 927
EP  - 928
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Water vapor that condenses on a metal surface at 10°K forms a noncrystalline phase of estimated density 1.2 grams per cubic centimeter. X-ray diffraction data of high precision and resolution have been analyzed to yield oxygen atom pair correlation functions. The positional correlation in amorphous solid water extends over only a few molecular radii, and the radial distribution of near-neighbor oxygen atoms in amorphous solid water is qualitatively different from that found in the low-pressure ice modifications. Amorphous solid water is a useful material for liquid water models because it can be studied under conditions such that the effects of static disorder and thermal excitation can be separated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85118239; VENKATESH, C. G. 1; RICE, S. A. 1; NARTEN, A. H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; 2: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 12/ 6/1974, Vol. 186 Issue 4167, p927; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PHILLIPS, ROBERT H.
AU  - THORNDIKE, ALAN M.
T1  - Brookhaven Accelerator Time.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1974/12/27/
VL  - 186
IS  - 4170
M3  - Article
SP  - 1158
EP  - 1158
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118290; PHILLIPS, ROBERT H. 1; THORNDIKE, ALAN M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Departnment of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 12/27/1974, Vol. 186 Issue 4170, p1158; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Mendez, J. S.;
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Mena, I.;
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
T1  - Diphenylhydantoin
CT  - Diphenylhydantoin
JO  - Arch. Neurol. (Chicago)
JF  - Arch. Neurol. (Chicago)
Y1  - 1975/01/01/
VL  - 32
IS  - Jan
SP  - 44
EP  - 46
AD  - Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 12-5562; Language: English; Trade Name: Diphenylhydantoin; Generic Name: Phenytoin; Chemical Name: Phenytoin--57-41-0 Levodopa--59-92-7; Therapeutic Class: (28:12); AHFS Class: Anticonvulsants phenytoin (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents levodopa; Journal Coden: ARNEAS; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Interactions
N2  - Diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin) diminished both the therapeutic effects of levodopa in patients with parkinsonism and patients with chronic manganese poisoning, and the levodopa-dependent dyskinesia for which the former were selected. It enhanced chorea and mental agitation and, thus, failed to conform with the postulated pharmacological reciprocity between Parkinson's disease and Huntington's chorea. These findings are in agreement with experiments done in animals in which phenytoin blocked a neuronal response to dopamine.
KW  - Phenytoin--interactions-;
KW  - Levodopa--interactions-;
KW  - Drug interactions--levodopa and phenytoin--effects, in manganese poisoning and parkinsonism, in patients;
KW  - Drug interactions--phenytoin and levodopa--effects, in manganese poisoning and parkinsonism, in patients;
KW  - Anticonvulsants--phenytoin--interactions, levodopa, effects in manganese poisoning and parkinsonism, in patients;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--levodopa--interactions, phenytoin, effects in manganese poisoning and parkinsonism, in patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gerstner, H B
AU  - Huff, J E
AU  - Ulrikson, G U
T1  - Unique sources of drug toxicology information
JO  - Drug Information Journal 9, 161-167 (1975 May-september). 11 Ref
JF  - Drug Information Journal 9, 161-167 (1975 May-september). 11 Ref
Y1  - 1975///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The resources and services of the toxicology information response center, oak ridge national laboratory, which are available to those needing information on the toxicology of drugs are discussed. A list of state of the art reviews for various physical and chemical hazards is given. These reviews were compliled by the biomedical stuides group of tirc.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1200391; Gerstner, H B 1; Huff, J E; Ulrikson, G U; Affiliations: 1 : Toxicology Information Response Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee;  Source Info: 1975; Note: Update Code: 1200; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fuchel, Kurt
AU  - Heller, Sidney
T1  - Two dissimilar networks-is marriage possible?
JO  - In Institute Of Electrical & Electronics Engineers Computer Society; National Bureau Of Standards; Institute Of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Washington Section. Proceedings Of The 1975 Symposium. Computer Networks: Trends And Applications. Gaithers
JF  - In Institute Of Electrical & Electronics Engineers Computer Society; National Bureau Of Standards; Institute Of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Washington Section. Proceedings Of The 1975 Symposium. Computer Networks: Trends And Applications. Gaithers
Y1  - 1975///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Examines and contrasts two very different computer networks: brooknet, developed at bnl, a very high speed local network linking a variety of computers to a large central facility; and arpanet, a network of widely separated facilities, none of which plays a central role. The protocols are examined, and some comparison made. A proposal is described where a 'large mini' computer is used to join the two networks.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1002069; Fuchel, Kurt 1; Heller, Sidney; Affiliations: 1 : Applied Mathematics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.;  Source Info: 1975; Note: Update Code: 1000; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PALMEDO, PHILIP F.
AU  - SCHNEIDER, STEPHEN H.
AU  - WASHINGTON, WARREN M.
T1  - Energy Production and Climate.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/01/10/
VL  - 187
IS  - 4171
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118326; PALMEDO, PHILIP F. 1; SCHNEIDER, STEPHEN H. 2; WASHINGTON, WARREN M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Energy Policy Analysis Group, Department of Applied Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, New York 11973; 2: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Issue Info: 1/10/1975, Vol. 187 Issue 4171, p13; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SENIOR, MARILYN B.
AU  - OLINS, ADA L.
AU  - OLINS, DONALD E.
T1  - Chromatin Fragments Resembling v Bodies.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/01/17/
VL  - 187
IS  - 4172
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 175
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Fragments of chromatin resembling the spheroid chromatin units (v bodies) have been isolated from formaldehyde-fixed and sonicated chicken erythrocyte nuclei. Ultracentrifugal analyses demonstrated that monomer v bodies have a molecular weight of about 3,00,000 per particle, exhibit a protein to DNA ratio (by weight) of 1.22:1, and contain a DNA fragment with a molecular weight of approximately 140,000 per v body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85118395; SENIOR, MARILYN B. 1; OLINS, ADA L. 1; OLINS, DONALD E. 1; Affiliations: 1: LUniversit of Tenessee-Oak Ridge Gradute School of Biomedical Sciences, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1/17/1975, Vol. 187 Issue 4172, p173; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Mena, I.;
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
T1  - Protein intake and treatment of Parkinson's disease with levodopa
CT  - Protein intake and treatment of Parkinson's disease with levodopa
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
Y1  - 1975/01/23/
VL  - 292
IS  - Jan 23
SP  - 181
EP  - 184
SN  - 00284793
AD  - Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 12-3116; Language: English; Chemical Name: Levodopa--59-92-7; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents levodopa; References: 20; Journal Coden: NEJMAG; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Interactions; Pharmacology
N2  - The influence of protein ingestion on the therapeutic efficacy and metabolic effects of levodopa in Parkinson's disease was studied. Among 8 patients, differing in symptomatic control, neurologic scores (normal 0, maximal 100) on 2 g of protein/kg were, at 8 a.m., 27.8 21.1 (mean S.E.M.) and at 3 p.m., 46.7 2.6 ( \LT/ 0.001). On 10 g of protein/day scores were 24.6 2.1 at 8 a.m. and 24.1 2.7 at 3 p.m. In 7 patients maintained on 0.5 g of protein kg/day for 2 months to one year, levodopa requirements diminished progressively. Measurement of growth hormone in 5 patients off levodopa showed low constant levels without the normal fluctuations. Near normal patterns were found in 6 patients on levodopa, but tended to flatten out in 6 patients also taking a high protein diet. Although growth hormone affects calcium metabolism, hormone levels and total body calcium showed no correlation in 15 patients taking levodopa. These findings suggest that a low protein diet benefits patients with Parkinson's disease and with moderate neurologic instability.
KW  - Levodopa--interactions-;
KW  - Drug interactions--proteins and levodopa--effects, in parkinsonian patients;
KW  - Drug interactions--levodopa and proteins--effects, in parkinsonian patients;
KW  - Proteins--interactions--levodopa, effects, in parkinsonian patients;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--levodopa--interactions, proteins, effects, in patients;
KW  - Nutrition--diet--proteins and levodopa, effects, in parkinsonian patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KUNG, S. D.
AU  - GRAY, J. C.
AU  - WILDMAN, S. G.
AU  - CARLSON, P. S.
T1  - Polypeptide Composition of Fraction 1 Protein from Parasexual Hybrid Plants in the Genus Nicotiana.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/01/31/
VL  - 187
IS  - 4174
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 355
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Analysis of the subunit polypeptide composition of Fraction 1 proteins gives information on the expression of both nuclear and chloroplast genomes; the large subunits of the protein are coded by chloroplast DNA, whereas the small subunits are coded by nuclear DNA. Fraction 1 protein isolated from the leaves of parasexual hybrid plants derived from the fusion of protoplasts of Nicotiana glauca and N. langsdorffii contains the small subunit polypeptides of both parent species and the large subunit polypeptides of only N. glauca. Fraction 1 protein isolated from the leaves of a hybrid plant obtained after the uptake of chloroplasts of N. suaveolens by protoplasts of white tissue of a variegating mutant of N. tabacum contains the large subunit polypeptides of both N. suaveolens and N. tabacum, as well as the small subunit polypeptides of both these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85118460; KUNG, S. D. 1; GRAY, J. C. 1; WILDMAN, S. G. 1; CARLSON, P. S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles 90024; 2: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 1/31/1975, Vol. 187 Issue 4174, p353; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Lebowitz, E.;
AU  - Greene, M.;
AU  - Fairchild, R.;
AU  - Bradley-Moore, P.;
AU  - Atkins, H.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Thallium 201 for medical use. 1
CT  - Thallium 201 for medical use. 1
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1975/02/01/
VL  - 16
IS  - Feb
SP  - 151
EP  - 155
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 801, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 12-5630; Language: English; Chemical Name: Thallium--7440-28-0; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals thallium; References: 32; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - Thallium 201 was produced from a 60 inch Brookhaven cyclotron with 31 MeV protons.
KW  - Thallium--Tl 201-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--thallium--Tl 201, cyclotron synthesis, from Pb 201;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Bradley-Moore, P.;
AU  - Lebowitz, E.;
AU  - Greene, M.;
AU  - Atkins, H.;
AU  - Ansari, A.;
T1  - Thallium 201 for medical use. 2. Biologic behavior
CT  - Thallium 201 for medical use. 2. Biologic behavior
JO  - J. Nucl. Med.
JF  - J. Nucl. Med.
Y1  - 1975/02/01/
VL  - 16
IS  - Feb
SP  - 156
EP  - 160
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Medical Dept. Building 490, Upton, New York 11973
N1  - Accession Number: 12-5361; Language: English; Chemical Name: Thallium--7440-28-0; Therapeutic Class: (78:00); AHFS Class: Radiopharmaceuticals thallium; References: 12; Journal Coden: JNMEAQ; Section Heading: Drug Metabolism and Body Distribution; Abstract Author: Nelson Der
N2  - Body distribution and imaging properties of thallium 201 were studied in 7 goats and 2 dogs. Biologically, the distribution of the thallous ion is primarily intracellular and has been shown to be similar to that of the potassium ion in its concentration in the heart. The greatest concentration of this nuclide was in the kidney, heart, and liver. Maximum heart and kidney concentration was achieved in 10 min with the myocardium concentration about 3.7% of the injected dose at 10-25 min. This nuclide might be a suitable agent for myocardial imaging.
KW  - Thallium--Tl 201-;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--thallium--Tl 201, body distribution, in animals;
KW  - Drugs, body distribution--thallium--Tl 201, in animals;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - REICHLE, D. E.
T1  - Potentially Hazardous Nuclides.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/02/28/
VL  - 187
IS  - 4178
M3  - Article
SP  - 737
EP  - 737
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118597; REICHLE, D. E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 2/28/1975, Vol. 187 Issue 4178, p737; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, R. R.
T1  - A Recruit for Los Alamos.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 47
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Recounts participation in the construction of a cyclotron at Los Alamos, New Mexico, 1942-43, which preceded the Manhattan Project construction and detonation of the first nuclear bomb.
KW  - FIRST person narrative
KW  - NARRATION (Rhetoric)
KW  - NUCLEAR physicists
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - NUCLEAR research
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - MANHATTAN Project (U.S.)
KW  - WILSON, Robert R.
N1  - Accession Number: 21596178; Wilson, R. R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Director, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory at Batavia, Illinois;  Source Info: Mar1975, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p41; Historical Period: 1942 to 1943; Subject Term: FIRST person narrative; Subject Term: NARRATION (Rhetoric); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physicists; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject: NEW Mexico; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ringo, Roy
T1  - The Justification of Science to Scientists.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 33
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The author comments on critics who argue that there are real gains to be made from science but these gains are being outweighed by serious dangers from scientific developments. According to the author, the degree of danger in any specific scientific development most often relies on highly specific matters usually requiring prediction which are very difficult to make in the present state of science. He admits that scientists really need more sophisticated evaluation of the latest technologies before introducing it to the public but critics of science and its application should also learn to present their arguments with little more rationality. He further added that the argument that science by its very nature is inhuman and will only make life unlivable is nothing but ignorant nonsense.
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - DISCOVERIES in science
KW  - SCIENTIFIC development
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - CREATIVE ability in science
KW  - SCIENCE -- Social aspects
KW  - LIFE sciences
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
N1  - Accession Number: 21596176; Ringo, Roy 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois;  Source Info: Mar1975, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p29; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Subject Term: DISCOVERIES in science; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC development; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: CREATIVE ability in science; Subject Term: SCIENCE -- Social aspects; Subject Term: LIFE sciences; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teng, Lee G.
T1  - The Metaphysics of Physics.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 48
EP  - 49
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Creativity and Intuition: A Physicist Looks at East and West," by Hideki Yukawa.
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - YUKAWA, Hideki, 1907-1981
KW  - CREATIVITY & Intuition: A Physicist Looks at East & West (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21596179; Teng, Lee G. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Ill.;  Source Info: Mar1975, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p48; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goodman, S. A.
AU  - Makinodan, T.
T1  - EFFECT OF AGE ON CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY IN LONG-LIVED MICE.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
EP  - 542
SN  - 00099104
AB  - The cytolytic ability of sensitized spleen cells to kill allogeneic target cells in vitro, a correlated of cell-mediated immune activity, was assessed in aging long-lived hybrid mice. There was about a 4-fold decline with age, of which about 2-fold could be accounted for by the decrease in relative numbers of immunocompetent precursor cell unites. The terminally differentiated progeny cells of antigen-stimulated precursor cells of young mice. Thus, it would appear that a decrease in the prolifer-ative and transforming capacities of antigen-stimulated precursor cells of old mice can account for the other 2-fold decline with age in the cytolytic activity. Cytolytic activity may not be the limiting function in resistance to tumour formation. This was indicated by the observation that resistance to allogeneic tumour cell challenge declines with age by as much as 500-fold in mice, showing only a 4-fold decline in their cytolytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical & Experimental Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOCOMPETENT cells
KW  - MICE as laboratory animals
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - CELLULAR immunity
KW  - GRAFT versus host disease
KW  - CANCER cells
N1  - Accession Number: 15946307; Goodman, S. A. 1; Makinodan, T. 2,3; Source Information: Mar1975, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p533; Subject: IMMUNOCOMPETENT cells; Subject: MICE as laboratory animals; Subject: IMMUNE system; Subject: CELLULAR immunity; Subject: GRAFT versus host disease; Subject: CANCER cells; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shenton, L. R.
AU  - Bowman, K. O.
T1  - Johnson's S[subU] and the Skewness and Kurtosis Statistics.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 70
IS  - 349
M3  - Article
SP  - 220
SN  - 01621459
AB  - The application is discussed of Johnson's transformed normal density to the distribution of skewness (square root of b[sub 1]) and kurtosis (b[sub 2]) in sampling from normal mixtures (two-components, equal variances). In particular, approximations to the distribution function of square root of b[sub 1] (and b[sub 2]) are found using the Cornish-Fisher expansion with S[sub U] as kernel. Comments on the approximations in sampling from other distributions are given, and comparisons with alternative approximations (Monte-Carlo assessments, etc.) included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - THEORY of distributions (Functional analysis)
KW  - SQUARE root
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ARITHMETIC
N1  - Accession Number: 4608214; Shenton, L. R. 1; Bowman, K. O. 2; Affiliations: 1: Professor, Office of Computer Activities, University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. 30602.; 2: Research Scientist, Computer Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830.; Issue Info: Mar1975, Vol. 70 Issue 349, p220; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: THEORY of distributions (Functional analysis); Subject Term: SQUARE root; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ARITHMETIC; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BENNETT, L. H.
AU  - CUTHILL, J. R.
AU  - MCALISTER, A. J.
AU  - ERICKSON, N. E.
AU  - WATSON, R. E.
T1  - Electronic and Catalytic Properties of Tungsten Carbide.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/03/07/
VL  - 187
IS  - 4179
M3  - Article
SP  - 858
EP  - 859
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118653; BENNETT, L. H. 1; CUTHILL, J. R. 1; MCALISTER, A. J. 1; ERICKSON, N. E. 1; WATSON, R. E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Institute for Materials Research, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20760; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793; Issue Info: 3/ 7/1975, Vol. 187 Issue 4179, p858; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CARRIGAN JR., RICHARD A.
T1  - Particle Discoveries.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/03/21/
VL  - 187
IS  - 4181
M3  - Article
SP  - 1026
EP  - 1026
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85118690; CARRIGAN JR., RICHARD A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, 111inois 60510; Issue Info: 3/21/1975, Vol. 187 Issue 4181, p1026; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reichle, David E.
T1  - Advances in Ecosystem Analysis.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1975/04//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
EP  - 264
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents an overview of some of the advances in ecosystem analysis which have occurred during the U.S. International Biological Program (IBP) period. One of the goals of the analysis of ecosystems in the IBP has been to obtain evidence to test these properties and to discover whether more sophisticated properties of these systems can be assessed. The analysis of ecosystems is a study of the metabolism of ecosystems, the structural characteristics and dynamic properties which govern the flow of energy and the cycling of elements in the biosphere. A unique contribution of the IBP programs is the documentation of data in information centers, which will be available to the ecologists for some of the environmental challenges of the 1970's in the area of technological assessment.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Ecosystem management
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Biosphere
KW  - Ecologists
KW  - Life sciences
KW  - Documentation
KW  - Life (Biology)
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 28050265; Reichle, David E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Apr1975, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p257; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Ecosystem management; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Thesaurus Term: Biosphere; Thesaurus Term: Ecologists; Thesaurus Term: Life sciences; Subject Term: Documentation; Subject Term: Life (Biology); Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 6299
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HILLMAN, WILLIAM S.
T1  - Reproductive Process.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/04/25/
VL  - 188
IS  - 4186
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
EP  - 352
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85136151; HILLMAN, WILLIAM S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: 4/25/1975, Vol. 188 Issue 4186, p352; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - NEWMAN, LEONARD
AU  - LIKENS, GENE E.
AU  - BORMANN, F. HERBERT
T1  - Acidity in Rainwater: Has an Explanation Been Presented?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/05/30/
VL  - 188
IS  - 4191
M3  - Article
SP  - 957
EP  - 958
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85119084; NEWMAN, LEONARD 1; LIKENS, GENE E. 2; BORMANN, F. HERBERT 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; 3: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511; Issue Info: 5/30/1975, Vol. 188 Issue 4191, p957; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Shen-Miller, J.
T1  - Report of a NATO Institute on Plant Genetic Manipulations.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1975/06//
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 389
EP  - 391
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Information about several papers discussed at the NATO Institute on Genetic Manipulation With Plant Materials is presented. A group of crop scientists, plant and microbial geneticists, molecular biologists and plant physiologists attended the meeting. European scientists felt that genetic manipulations can have beneficial application in agriculture and medicine. A. Tomasz from Rockefeller University, New York City, discussed DNA binding and genetic transformation of Pneumococci.
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Genetics -- Congresses
KW  - Genetic transformation
KW  - Agriculture -- Congresses
KW  - Medicine -- Congresses
N1  - Accession Number: 28048909; Shen-Miller, J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory[1] Argonne, IL 60439;  Source Info: Jun1975, Vol. 25 Issue 6, p389; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Genetics -- Congresses; Subject Term: Genetic transformation; Subject Term: Agriculture -- Congresses; Subject Term: Medicine -- Congresses; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Proceeding; Full Text Word Count: 2150
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - EHRET, CHARLES F.
AU  - POTTER, VAN R.
AU  - DOBRA, KENNETH W.
T1  - Chronotypic Action of Theophylline and of Pentobarbital as Circadian Zeitgebers in the Rat.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/06/20/
VL  - 188
IS  - 4194
M3  - Article
SP  - 1212
EP  - 1215
SN  - 00368075
AB  - In the rat the deep body temperature rhythm, monitored by telemetry, can be reset in a predictable direction by a stimulant (theophylline) and by a depressant (pentobarbital). When the drugs are applied immediately before or during the early active phases of the circadian cycle, the rhythm is set back (phase delay). When applied later, past the thermal peak, theophylline, but not pentobarbital, shifts the rhythm ahead (phase advance). Theophylline and pentobarbital in addition to having a number of already established pharmacological properties are now further identified as chronobiotics: they are drugs that may be used to alter the biological time structure by rephasing a circadian rhythm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85136202; EHRET, CHARLES F. 1; POTTER, VAN R. 2; DOBRA, KENNETH W. 3; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: McArdle Laboratoryfor Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706; 3: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: 6/20/1975, Vol. 188 Issue 4194, p1212; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - APPLETON, B. R.
T1  - Altering Surfaces of Solids.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/06/27/
VL  - 188
IS  - 4195
M3  - Article
SP  - 1295
EP  - 1295
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85136229; APPLETON, B. R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 6/27/1975, Vol. 188 Issue 4195, p1295; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Chriswell, C. D.;
AU  - Chang, R. C.;
AU  - Fritz, J. S.;
T1  - Chromatographic determination of phenols in water
CT  - Chromatographic determination of phenols in water
JO  - Anal. Chem.
JF  - Anal. Chem.
Y1  - 1975/07/01/
VL  - 47
IS  - Jul
SP  - 1325
EP  - 1329
AD  - Ames Laboratory-USAEC and Dept. of Chemistry, Iowa State Univ., Ames, Iowa 50010
N1  - Accession Number: 13-1739; Language: English; Chemical Name: Phenol--108-95-2; References: 13; Journal Coden: ANCHAM; Section Heading: Drug Analysis
N2  - Phenols in natural waters and treated drinking water are determined by sorption on macroporous anion exchange resin, elution with acetone, and measurement by gas chromatography. Techniques are given for preventing phenol losses caused by chlorination, oxidation, and other reactions during their determination. Common inorganic ions and many organic substances cause no interference; neutral organics that are retained by the resin can be removed by a methanol wash. The method gives accurate results for phenol, alkyl-, and chloro-substituted phenols in the ppb to ppm concentration range.
KW  - Phenol--derivatives-;
KW  - Chromatography, gas--phenol--derivatives;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - COUTANT, CHARLES C.
T1  - Effects of Power Plants.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/07/11/
VL  - 189
IS  - 4197
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
EP  - 133
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85136308; COUTANT, CHARLES C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 7/11/1975, Vol. 189 Issue 4197, p132; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - MILLER, JOHN R.
T1  - Intermolecular Electron Transfer by Quantum Mechanical Tunneling.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/07/18/
VL  - 189
IS  - 4198
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 222
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The transfer of electrons from one molecule to another by quantum mechanical tunneling has recently been implicated in biological electron transport. This report describes observations of electron transfer between aromatic molecules in a rigid matrix, in which electrons apparently tunnel through tens of angstroms of inert solvent. The kinetics tend to confirm the tunneling process, which is likely to be an important means of electron transfer when diffusion is blocked by steric factors or immobilization of the reactants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85136344; MILLER, JOHN R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 7/18/1975, Vol. 189 Issue 4198, p221; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GOLAND, ALLEN N.
T1  - Collision Phenomena.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/07/25/
VL  - 189
IS  - 4199
M3  - Article
SP  - 280
EP  - 281
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 88002705; GOLAND, ALLEN N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: 7/25/1975, Vol. 189 Issue 4199, p280; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ELWOOD, JERRY W.
T1  - Pollution Indicators.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/07/25/
VL  - 189
IS  - 4199
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 282
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 88002707; ELWOOD, JERRY W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 7/25/1975, Vol. 189 Issue 4199, p281; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BAMBERGER, CARLOS E.
AU  - RICHARDSON, DONALD M.
AU  - BREDIG, MAX A.
AU  - CHENG, KENT
T1  - Thermochemical Decomposition of Water Based on Reactions of Chromium and Barium Compounds.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/08/29/
VL  - 189
IS  - 4204
M3  - Article
SP  - 715
EP  - 716
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A potentially useful thermochemical cycle developed for the production of hydrogen and oxygen from water consists of three chemical reactions that take place in the temperature range from 400° to 1200°K. The oxidation and reduction of chromium compounds by barium hydroxide and the hydrolytic disproportionation of barium chromate( IV) and barium chromate(V), the reactions which constitute the proposed cycle, have been demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85136523; BAMBERGER, CARLOS E. 1; RICHARDSON, DONALD M. 1; BREDIG, MAX A. 1; CHENG, KENT; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 8/29/1975, Vol. 189 Issue 4204, p715; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - NORVELL, JOHN C.
AU  - NUNES, ANTHONY C.
AU  - SCHOENBORN, BENNO P.
T1  - Neutron Diffraction Analysis of Myoglobin: Structure of the Carbon Monoxide Derivative.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1975/11/07/
VL  - 190
IS  - 4214
M3  - Article
SP  - 568
EP  - 570
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The locations of hydrogen and deuterium atoms and water molecules have been investigated in carbon monoxide myoglobin using neutron diffraction, and the results are compared with earlier work on metmyoglobin. Parallel real space refinements on the two molecules show relatively few changes, but do show the carbon monoxide molecule with the iron atom moving into the heme plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88002806; NORVELL, JOHN C. 1; NUNES, ANTHONY C. 1; SCHOENBORN, BENNO P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 11/ 7/1975, Vol. 190 Issue 4214, p568; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Henderson, Gary S.
T1  - ELEMENT RETENTION AND CONSERVATION.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1975/12//
VL  - 25
IS  - 12
M3  - Letter
SP  - 770
EP  - 770
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Ecosystem Succession and Nutrient Retention: A Hypothesis," by P. M. Vitousek and W. A. Reiners in June 1975.
KW  - Conservation biology
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 28049258; Henderson, Gary S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Dec1975, Vol. 25 Issue 12, p770; Thesaurus Term: Conservation biology; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1105
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jacobson, A. P.
AU  - Plato, P. A.
AU  - Frigerio, N. A.
T1  - The Role of Natural Radiations In Human Leukemogenesis.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1976/01//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 37
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Some 3 billion years ago, life arose from a warm pool of primordial ooze amid a constant drizzle of radiation. Steadily, man evolved from the lesser forms of life because of or in spite of his natural background-radiation environment. This study is an attempt to determine to what extent these background radiations are responsible for human disease, namely leukemia. Dose rate data were compared with data on all forms of leukemia in the 50 United States for four population subgroups. For the total U.S., no relation between background radiation and leukemia is apparent. A positive correlation appears, however, if various states are deleted from the analysis. It appears that conditions relative to populations and their environment could mask a radiation effect if in fact one is present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Background radiation
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Leukemia -- Etiology
KW  - Preleukemia
KW  - Leucocytosis
KW  - Anemia
KW  - Blood diseases
KW  - Diseases -- History
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 5662610; Jacobson, A. P. 1; Plato, P. A. 1; Frigerio, N. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental and Industrial Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48104; 2: EPSD-II, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Issue Info: Jan1976, Vol. 66 Issue 1, p31; Thesaurus Term: Background radiation; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Leukemia -- Etiology; Subject Term: Preleukemia; Subject Term: Leucocytosis; Subject Term: Anemia; Subject Term: Blood diseases; Subject Term: Diseases -- History; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
T1  - Toxicology information response center literature search index, september 1971 to july 1975. i. 101-2100
JO  - Contract W-7405-eng-26. 1976 May. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee. 199 P. Ref. Ntis: Ornl/tirc-76/1; Hc (a09), Mf (a01)
JF  - Contract W-7405-eng-26. 1976 May. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee. 199 P. Ref. Ntis: Ornl/tirc-76/1; Hc (a09), Mf (a01)
Y1  - 1976///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The texicology information response center is described with regard to information services, information resources, search request requirements, search completion time, and personnel. The tree sections consist of a detailed computer-generated listing of 2000 literature searches accomplished by the toxicology information center, ntis available reports, and journal publications. Each section is accompanied by a permuted title index.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1202436; Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Source Info: 1976; Note: Update Code: 1200; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Butler, Margaret K
T1  - Prospective capabilities in hardware
JO  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies. Afips Conference Proceedings. Volume 45. 1976 National Computer Conference, June 7-10, 1976, New York. 1976. Afips Press, Montvale, New Jersey. P. 323-336. 2 Illus. 6 Tab. 53 Ref. See Isa 77-012
JF  - In American Federation Of Information Processing Societies. Afips Conference Proceedings. Volume 45. 1976 National Computer Conference, June 7-10, 1976, New York. 1976. Afips Press, Montvale, New Jersey. P. 323-336. 2 Illus. 6 Tab. 53 Ref. See Isa 77-012
Y1  - 1976///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - This paper first attempts to extrapolate, from today's state-of-the-art. And vantage point, general industry-wide trends and likely achievements. Then, an effort is made to cover in more detail specific areas of interest to the erdaa (energy research and development agency) community. Subjects discussed include available large-scale computers-their architecture and viability. The microprocessor's impact on computer systems in considered, and potential applications of the microcomputer are identified. Then mass storage offerings and their role in perdicted memory hierarchies are assessed; progress in the development of alternate storage technologies is reviewed. New products and anticipated innovations in peripheral and input-output equipment, probably the most lethargic segment of the dynamic hardware market, are described, and a survey of networks and communications activity examines future directions this rapidly-expanding field might be expected to follow. Whenever possible in each of these areas, examples with descriptive characteristics, accompanied by cost and performance statistics, are presented in support of the initially-forecast broad technological trends.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1200636; Butler, Margaret K 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois;  Source Info: 1976; Note: Update Code: 1200; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Brooks, A A
AU  - Doszkocs, T.
AU  - Giles, C.a.
AU  - Hummel, D.j.
T1  - An experiment in computer-assisted duplicate checking
JO  - In Martin, Susan K., Comp. Information Politics. Proceedings Of The Asis 39th Annual Meeting. San Francisco, California, October 4 To 9, 1976. Volume 13. Part I: Abstracts Of Papers. Part Ii: Full Papers. 1976. American Society For Information Science, Wa
JF  - In Martin, Susan K., Comp. Information Politics. Proceedings Of The Asis 39th Annual Meeting. San Francisco, California, October 4 To 9, 1976. Volume 13. Part I: Abstracts Of Papers. Part Ii: Full Papers. 1976. American Society For Information Science, Wa
Y1  - 1976///
M3  - Book
AB  - The topic of this presentation is a computer-based system for the identification of duplicate citations within large bibliographic data files. The discussion will focus on an experiment that has been a joint project of the toxicology information program of the national library of medicine (nlm) and the computer sciences information group at union carbide's installation in oak ridge. The involvement of both organizations stems from a common concern over the extent of duplication within their respective outline retrieval systems, nlm's toxline and erda's recon. The computer programs have been tested on five of nlm's toxline files with encouraging results. The technique is based on the generation of a 'dupcheck' key or code consisting of characters selected from significant elements of the document description - author, title, journal title or coden, volume, page, and year. Factors which complicate the data extraction procedure such as inconsistencies in style or format and discrepancies in spelling, punctuation, and translation are discusses; methods for circumventing obstacles of this type are described. The second step of the procedure, the 'dupchecking' routine, is simply the manipulation and comparison of keys generated in the first step. Keys are sorted and relative weight values are assigned to each element within the key. As keys are compared, weights for matching elements are summed and tested against a threshold value which defines the minimum requirements for a duplicate situation. Several threshold values may be specified to produce separate files for absolute duplicates, probable duplicates, or similar records if the criteria for duplication can be rigidly defined, this automatic system can identify redundant occurrences with a high degree of accuracy.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1200695; Brooks, A A 1; Doszkocs, T. 1; Giles, C.a.; Hummel, D.j.; Affiliations: 1 : Computer Sciences Division At Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Union Carbide Corporation, Tennessee;  Source Info: 1976; Note: Update Code: 1200; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bates, J. B.
T1  - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/01/09/
VL  - 191
IS  - 4222
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 37
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85219567; Bates, J. B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Staff Member, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1/ 9/1976, Vol. 191 Issue 4222, p31; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CUNNINGHAM, P. T.
AU  - JOHNSON, S. A.
T1  - Spectroscopic Observation of Acid Sulfate in Atmospheric Particulate Samples.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/01/09/
VL  - 191
IS  - 4222
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 79
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Infrared spectra of time- and size-classified atmospheric particulate samples collected with an inertial impactor reveal the presence of acid sulfate in the submicrometer- sized fraction. Although the degree of acidity is highly variable with time, the acidic nature of the particles is observed at all times of the day and may persist for several days in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85219587; CUNNINGHAM, P. T. 1; JOHNSON, S. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 1/ 9/1976, Vol. 191 Issue 4222, p77; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bahcall, John N.
AU  - Davis Jr., Raymond
T1  - Solar Neutrinos: A Scientific Puzzle.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/01/23/
VL  - 191
IS  - 4224
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
EP  - 267
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85233100; Bahcall, John N. 1; Davis Jr., Raymond 2; Affiliations: 1: Professor of Natural Science, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey 08540; 2: Senior Chemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973; Issue Info: 1/23/1976, Vol. 191 Issue 4224, p264; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - APPLETON, B. R.
T1  - Accelerated Ion Beams.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/01/23/
VL  - 191
IS  - 4224
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
EP  - 282
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85233112; APPLETON, B. R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 1/23/1976, Vol. 191 Issue 4224, p282; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - RAAEN, VERNON F.
T1  - Molecular Rearrangements.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/01/30/
VL  - 191
IS  - 4225
M3  - Article
SP  - 376
EP  - 376
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85219624; RAAEN, VERNON F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 1/30/1976, Vol. 191 Issue 4225, p376; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brinkhuis, B.
AU  - Tempel, N.
AU  - Jones, R.
T1  - Photosynthesis and respiration of exposed salt-marsh fucoids.
JO  - Marine Biology
JF  - Marine Biology
Y1  - 1976/02/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 359
SN  - 00253162
AB  - Photosynthesis and respiration of the salt-marsh fucoids Ascophyllum nodosum ecad scorpioides and Fucus vesiculosus were investigated using an infrared CO gas analyzer under a variety of light intensities, temperatures, and levels of desiccation while the algae were exposed to the atmosphere. Results indicated that net photosynthesis (0.5 to 2.0 mg C/g dry weight/h) saturated rapidly at light intensities (0.1 to 0.2 g cal/cm/min) which were approximately 10 to 50% of the daily summer maximum intensities for algae found under phanerogam ( Spartina alterniflora) canopies. Desiccation exhibited the most pronounced effect on photosynthesis, which increases slightly between 0 and 25% water loss, levels off, and decreases sharply at water losses greater than 50%. Dark respiration (0.1 to 0.3 mg C/g dry weight/h) is also inhibited by desiccation. Both species of algae appear to be broadly adapted to all three parameters investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ascophyllum nodosum
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Gases from plants
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Phanerogams
KW  - Spartina alterniflora
N1  - Accession Number: 71121263; Brinkhuis, B.; Tempel, N. 1; Jones, R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton USA; 2: Division of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook USA; Issue Info: 1976, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p349; Thesaurus Term: Ascophyllum nodosum; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Gases from plants; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Thesaurus Term: Phanerogams; Subject Term: Spartina alterniflora; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00398128
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goeller, H. E.
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - The Age of Substitutability.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/02/20/
VL  - 191
IS  - 4228
M3  - Article
SP  - 683
EP  - 689
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85219746; Goeller, H. E. 1; Weinberg, Alvin M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Senior engineer, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Director of the Institute for Energy Analysis, Oak Ridge; Issue Info: 2/20/1976, Vol. 191 Issue 4228, p683; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Pluta, P. L.;
AU  - Crespi, H. L.;
AU  - Klein, M.;
AU  - Blake, M. I.;
AU  - Studier, M. H.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Biosynthesis of deuterated riboflavin: structure determination by NMR and mass spectrometry
CT  - Biosynthesis of deuterated riboflavin: structure determination by NMR and mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
JF  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
Y1  - 1976/03/01/
VL  - 65
IS  - Mar
SP  - 362
EP  - 366
SN  - 00223549
AD  - Chemistry Div., Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
N1  - Accession Number: 13-4412; Language: English; Chemical Name: Riboflavin--83-88-5; References: 33; Journal Coden: JPMSAE; Section Heading: Microbiology; Pharmaceutical Chemistry
N2  - The riboflavin (I)-producing fungus Eremothecium ashbyii was cultured in various growth media containing high concentrations of deuterium, and the product was isolated. The structures of highly deuterated I, in which at least 13 of 15 nonexchangeable hydrogens were replaced by deuterium, and fully deuterated I, in which all 15 nonexchangeable sites contained deuterium, were established by NMR and mass spectrometry. The aromatic protons (C-5 and C-8) were partially substituted in the highly deuterated molecule. Information regarding 3 areas of the biosynthetic pathway within the microorganism was obtained as a result of the formation due to passage of sugar through the transaldolase-transketolase pathway, occurs during formation of the ribityl chain. Limited solvent participation takes place during formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine, the immediate precursor of I. Deuteration of the I C-6 and C-7 methyl groups indicates significant solvent exchange during the final step of the biosynthetic process.
KW  - Riboflavin--Eremothecium ashbyii-;
KW  - Eremothecium ashbyii--riboflavin--biosynthesis, structure, NMR and mass spectrometry;
KW  - Structure--riboflavin--in E. ashbyii biosynthesis, NMR and mass spectrometry;
KW  - Spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance--riboflavin--in E. ashbyii biosynthesis;
KW  - Spectrometry, mass--riboflavin--in E. ashbyii biosynthesis;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Cotzias, G. C.;
AU  - Papavasiliou, P. S.;
AU  - Tolosa, E. S.;
AU  - Mendez, J. S.;
AU  - Bell-Midura, M.;
T1  - Treatment of Parkinson's disease with aporphines: possible role of growth hormone
CT  - Treatment of Parkinson's disease with aporphines: possible role of growth hormone
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine (USA)
Y1  - 1976/03/11/
VL  - 294
IS  - Mar 11
SP  - 567
EP  - 572
SN  - 00284793
AD  - Reprints: 1275 York Ave., New York, New York 10021
AD  - Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
N1  - Accession Number: 13-4572; Language: English; Chemical Name: Aporphine--478-57-9; Therapeutic Class: (12:08.04); AHFS Class: Antiparkinson agents aporphine; References: 32; Journal Coden: NEJMAG; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Drug Evaluations
N2  - To avoid the main drawbacks of prolonged treatment with levodopa (involuntary movements and the ""on-off'' phenomenon), apomorphine was administered orally to 14 patients with Parkinson's disease. Apomorphine was started in 14 patients at 10 mg 3 times/day, increased every other day to 10 mg 6 times/day, and then further increased by 10 mg 3 times/day until suspected toxicity, full control of symptoms, or dosage of 1500 mg/day was reached; then, placebo was replaced by N-propylnoraporphine, started in 10 patients at 2.5 mg 3 times/day and similarly increased every second day to the same end points or 500 mg/day. Apomorphine caused azotemia, which was circumvented by switching to N-propylnoraporphine whose nephrotoxic dose (80 mg 6 times/day) was larger than its therapeutic dose (10 to 15 mg 6 times/day). Slowly increasing doses induced significant improvement (P \LT/ 0.005) in all 24 patients studied, transitory mental aberrations in 7, and release of growth hormone in 3 patients tested. In patients previously on prolonged levodopa administration, the dyskinesia and ""on-off'' phenomenon were almost identical with N-propylnoraporphine, but both drawbacks were reduced or abolished in 6 patients by coadministration of \a/-methyldopa-hydrazine plus levodopa. This coadministration seemed to abolish tachyphylaxis. It was concluded that N-propylnoraporphine is very useful in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
KW  - Aporphine--derivatives-;
KW  - Antiparkinson agents--aporphine--derivatives, therapy, in patients;
KW  - Mechanism of action--aporphine--derivatives, Parkinson's disease, therapy, in patients;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greytak, David
AU  - Bjornstad, David J.
T1  - The Impact of Differential Assessments on the Property Tax.
JO  - American Journal of Economics & Sociology
JF  - American Journal of Economics & Sociology
Y1  - 1976/04//
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 212
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00029246
AB  - This paper is focused on the interaction between property tax revenue and assessment policy in New York City between 1961 and 1971. It examines the observed changes in real rates at which different types of property are taxed and examines possible rationales for the different real rates of taxation applied to properties of different types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Economics & Sociology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROPERTY tax
KW  - TAX assessment
KW  - TAX administration & procedure
KW  - TAXATION
KW  - REVENUE
KW  - NEW York (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 4511114; Greytak, David 1; Bjornstad, David J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Maxwell School Syracuse University Syracuse, N.Y. 13210.; 2: Urben Research Program Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830.; Issue Info: Apr76, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p199; Thesaurus Term: PROPERTY tax; Thesaurus Term: TAX assessment; Thesaurus Term: TAX administration & procedure; Thesaurus Term: TAXATION; Subject Term: REVENUE; Subject: NEW York (N.Y.); Subject: NEW York (State); Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921130 Public Finance Activities; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popp, Raymond A.
AU  - Kandutsch, Andrew A.
AU  - Papaconstantinou, John
AU  - Borowsky, Richard
T1  - ISOZYMES.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1976/04//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 276
EP  - 277
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Isozymes," Vols. 1-4, edited by Clement L. Marken.
KW  - Isoenzymes
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Marken, Clement L.
KW  - Isozymes (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050307; Popp, Raymond A. 1; Kandutsch, Andrew A. 2; Papaconstantinou, John 1; Borowsky, Richard 3; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37830; 2 : The Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor, ME 04609; 3 : Department of Biology New York University New York, NY 10003;  Source Info: Apr1976, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p276; Subject Term: Isoenzymes; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 2220
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Tendorde, T. S.;
AU  - Fawwaz, R. A.;
AU  - Castagnoli, N.;
T1  - Differing antitumor activities of the hydrochloride and methiodide salts of 1-ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide
CT  - Differing antitumor activities of the hydrochloride and methiodide salts of 1-ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
JF  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA)
Y1  - 1976/04/01/
VL  - 65
IS  - Apr
SP  - 631
EP  - 632
SN  - 00223549
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Biology and Medicine Div., Univ. of California, Berkeley, California 94720
N1  - Accession Number: 13-5239; Language: English; Therapeutic Class: (10:00); AHFS Class: Antineoplastic agents 1-ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide; References: 8; Publication Type: Communications; Journal Coden: JPMSAE; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Biopharmaceutics; Abstract Author: Paul R. Webster
N2  - In vivo and in vitro studies of 1-ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide as the hydrochloride and methiodide salts showed that structural differences related to the methiodide salt render the drug ineffective in inhibiting tumor growth.
KW  - 1-Ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide--salts-;
KW  - Structure-activity relationships--1-ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide--effects, salts, on antitumor activity, in vitro and in mice;
KW  - Antineoplastic agents--1-ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide--salts, effects on antitumor activity, structure-activity relationships, in vitro and in mice;
KW  - Equivalency--1-ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide--salts, effects on antitumor activity, structure-activity relationships, in vitro and in mice;
KW  - Drugs, clinical effectiveness--1-ethyl-3-(3\PR/-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide--salts, effects on antitumor activity, structure-activity relationships, in vitro and in mice;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LANGHAM, MAX R.
AU  - MCPHERSON, W. W.
AU  - PESKIN, HENRY M.
AU  - MUELLER, ROBERT F.
AU  - REICHLE, DAVID E.
AU  - GILLILAND, MARTHA W.
T1  - Energy Analysis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/04/02/
VL  - 192
IS  - 4234
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 12
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85219906; LANGHAM, MAX R. 1; MCPHERSON, W. W. 1; PESKIN, HENRY M. 2; MUELLER, ROBERT F. 3; REICHLE, DAVID E. 4; GILLILAND, MARTHA W. 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; 2: Resources for the Future, Inc., 1755 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, D.C. 20036; 3: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771; 4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 5: Science and Public Policy Program and Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman 73069; Issue Info: 4/ 2/1976, Vol. 192 Issue 4234, p8; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - Transportation Energy Conservation Policies.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/04/02/
VL  - 192
IS  - 4234
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 20
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85219908; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Engineer, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 4/ 2/1976, Vol. 192 Issue 4234, p15; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SETLOW, JANE K.
T1  - Pakistan Plant Symposium.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/04/16/
VL  - 192
IS  - 4236
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
EP  - 198
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85363181; SETLOW, JANE K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 4/16/1976, Vol. 192 Issue 4236, p198; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sparrow, Arnold H.
AU  - Nauman, Anne F.
T1  - Evolution of Genome Size by DNA Doublings.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/05/07/
VL  - 192
IS  - 4239
M3  - Article
SP  - 524
EP  - 529
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85360772; Sparrow, Arnold H. 1; Nauman, Anne F. 2; Affiliations: 1: Senior Cytologist, Biology Associate, Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Biology Associate, Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 5/ 7/1976, Vol. 192 Issue 4239, p524; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Draggan, Sidney
T1  - Role of Microcosms in Ecological Research.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1976/06//
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 402
EP  - 402
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents information on a symposium titled "Role of Microcosms in Ecological Research," and two workshops on the utility of microcosms in toxic chemical fate and effects studies. The symposium was held during the Annual American Institute of Biological Science (AIBS) Meeting in August 1975. Ten presentation which covered a wide range of microcosm-ecosystem types and research rationales were featured in the symposium. In the main, participants in the symposium and the workshops agreed that extrapolation of microcosm-derived results to occurrences in natural ecosystems is the major problem facing microcosm research.
KW  - Ecological research
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Population biology
KW  - Microcosm & macrocosm
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Forums (Discussion & debate)
KW  - Life sciences -- Research
KW  - American Institute of Biological Sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 28049749; Draggan, Sidney 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Jun1976, Vol. 26 Issue 6, p402; Thesaurus Term: Ecological research; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Population biology; Subject Term: Microcosm & macrocosm; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Forums (Discussion & debate); Subject Term: Life sciences -- Research; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 304
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ling, Robert F.
AU  - Killough, George G.
T1  - Probability Tables for Cluster Analysis Based on a Theory of Random Graphs.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1976/06//
VL  - 71
IS  - 354
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Statistics based on a theory of random graphs have been proposed as an analytic aid to assess the randomness of a clustered structure. Probability tables for two such statistics are tabulated. Exact values of P[sub n.v], the cumulative probabilities of the minimum number of edges needed to connect a random graph, are tabulated for n = 10(1)30(5)80(10)100. Exact and approximate values of E[sub n, v,] the expected number of components In a random graph with n vertices and v edges, are tabulated for n = 10(1)30(5)100. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - RANDOM variables
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - RANDOM graphs
KW  - COMBINATIONS (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 4604810; Ling, Robert F. 1; Killough, George G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Associate professor, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University. Clemson, SC. 29631.; 2: Research staff member, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN. 37830.; Issue Info: Jun76, Vol. 71 Issue 354, p293; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: CLUSTER analysis (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM variables; Thesaurus Term: GRAPHIC methods; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: RANDOM graphs; Subject Term: COMBINATIONS (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - AUERBACH, S. I.
AU  - BROCKSEN, R. W.
AU  - CRAIG, R. B.
AU  - HOFFMAN, F. O.
AU  - KAYE, S. V.
AU  - REICHLE, D. E.
AU  - STRUXNESS, E. G.
AU  - COWAN, C. MICHAEL
T1  - Environmental Impact Statements.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/07/16/
VL  - 193
IS  - 4249
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
EP  - 248
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 88003070; AUERBACH, S. I. 1; BROCKSEN, R. W. 1; CRAIG, R. B. 1; HOFFMAN, F. O. 1; KAYE, S. V. 1; REICHLE, D. E. 1; STRUXNESS, E. G. 1; COWAN, C. MICHAEL 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box X, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Aesco Environmental Consulting Specialists, 123 South 84 Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68510; Issue Info: 7/16/1976, Vol. 193 Issue 4249, p188; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - POWELL, J. R.
AU  - SALZANO, F. J.
AU  - YU, WEN-SHI
AU  - MILAU, J. S.
T1  - A High-Efficiency Power Cycle in Which Hydrogen Is Compressed by Absorption in Metal Hydrides.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/07/23/
VL  - 193
IS  - 4250
M3  - Article
SP  - 314
EP  - 317
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A high-efficiency powter cycle is proposed in which molecular hydrogen gas is used as a working fluid in a regenerative closed Brayton cycle. The hydrogen gas is compressed by an absorption-desorption cycle on metal hydride (FeTiHx) beds. Low-temperature solar or geothermal heat (temperature about 100°C) is used for the compression process, and high-temperature fossil fuel or nuclear heat (temperature about 700°C) supplies the expansion work in the turbine. Typically, about 90 percent of the high-temperature heat input is converted to electricity, while about 3 kilowatts of low-temperature heat is required per kilowatt of electrical output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85219964; POWELL, J. R. 1; SALZANO, F. J. 1; YU, WEN-SHI 1; MILAU, J. S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 7/23/1976, Vol. 193 Issue 4250, p314; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - JONES, C. WELDON
AU  - MASTRANGELO, IRIS A.
AU  - SMITH, HAROLD H.
AU  - LIU, H. Z.
AU  - MECK, ROBERT A.
T1  - Interkingdom Fusion Between Human (HeLa) Cells and Tobacco Hybrid (GGLL) Protoplasts.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/07/30/
VL  - 193
IS  - 4251
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 403
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The fusion of human HeLa cells with tobacco protoplasts has been accomplished with the use of polyethylene glycol. The sequence from heterocellular adherence to heterokaryon formation has been followed with light microscopy and confirmed by autoradiographs of heterokaryons containing unlabeled tobacco nuclei and tritium-labeled HeLa nuclei. The HeLa nucleus retained its integrity in the tobacco cytoplasm up to 6 days after fusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85219993; JONES, C. WELDON 1; MASTRANGELO, IRIS A. 1; SMITH, HAROLD H. 1; LIU, H. Z. 1; MECK, ROBERT A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laborator, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: 7/30/1976, Vol. 193 Issue 4251, p401; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitra, Sankar
AU  - Stallions, Donald R.
T1  - The Role of <em>Escherichia coli dna</em> A Gene and Its Integrative Suppression in M13 Coliphage DNA Synthesis.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1976/08//Aug76 Part 1
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 45
SN  - 00142956
AB  - An F+ derivative of Escherichia coli E 508 thermosensitive in dnaA function (involved in DNA synthesis initiation), its revertant and an Hfr derivative of E 508 (ts) in which the temperature-sensitive phenotype is suppressed by integrative suppression have been compared for their ability to support M 13 phage DNA synthesis at the nonpermissive temperature. Upon infection at the nonpermissive temperature, both the revertant and the Hfr strain support normal. phage replication while the temperature-sensitive mutant does not. However, when infection is carried out at a permissive temperature and the temperature is shifted up after infection, phage synthesis occurs in the temperature-sensitive mutant also, but in lesser quantity than in the revertant strain. Analysis of intracellular labeled phage DNA indicates.: (a) parental replicative form DNA synthesis is not dependent on DNA function; (b) progeny replicative form DNA synthesis is strongly inhibited in the temperature-sensitive dnaA mutant at the nonpermissive temperature; (c) progeny single-strand DNA synthesis does not absolutely require dnaA function; (d) progeny single-strand DNA is present in the circular form. The implication of the host DNA replication in M 13 DNA synthesis is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA
KW  - TEMPERATURE control
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - PORTAGES
KW  - DEOXYRIBOSE
N1  - Accession Number: 12918010; Mitra, Sankar 1; Stallions, Donald R. 1; Source Information: Aug76 Part 1, Vol. 67 Issue 1, p37; Subject: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject: DNA; Subject: TEMPERATURE control; Subject: PHENOTYPE; Subject: PORTAGES; Subject: DEOXYRIBOSE; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dasgupta, Santanu
AU  - Mitra, Sankar
T1  - The Role of <em>Escherichia coli dna</em>G Function in Coliphage M13 DNA Synthesis.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1976/08//Aug76 Part 1
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 51
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Examination of the role of Escherichia coli dnaG function in different stages of M13 phage DNA synthesis by ultracentrifugal analysis of intracellular phage DNA in a thermosensitive dnaG mutant shows that: (a) the formation of parental double-strand replicative-form DNA (rfDNA) from the infecting virus is independent of dnaG function (b) the synthesis of progeny rfDNA requires dnaG product; (c) after a pool of rfDNA is made up, dnaG function is not required for the progeny single- strand DNA (ssDNA) synthesis. The ssDNAs produced under nonpermissive condition are mostly circular and biologically functional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
KW  - INTRACELLULAR pathogens
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12918019; Dasgupta, Santanu 1; Mitra, Sankar 1; Source Information: Aug76 Part 1, Vol. 67 Issue 1, p47; Subject: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject: DNA; Subject: NUCLEIC acids; Subject: ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; Subject: INTRACELLULAR pathogens; Subject: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shlottmann, Alan
AU  - Spore, Robert L.
T1  - Economic Impacts of Surface Mine Reclamation.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1976/08//
VL  - 52
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - Federal legislation to control surface mining, particularly for coal, is a response to the adverse environmental impacts of coal surface mining. The explicit concern of most of the sponsors of this legislation is the severe environmental degradation that has occurred as a result of surface mining in Appalachia. The primary purpose of this article is to analyze the regional economic impact of back-to-contour surface mining regulations on the dominant coal market (the use of "steam-electric" coal by electric utilities) and its coal suppliers. Analysis is accomplished by means of a nonlinear regional programming model of the steam-electric coal market developed to provide quantitative information concerning alternative energy-environmental policy combinations. The effects of alternative policies such as reclamation standards cannot he reduced to a single dimension. A second purpose of the analysis is to consider the effects of the surface mining regulations on the regional competitive position of underground mining.
KW  - Strip mining
KW  - Reclamation of land -- Law & legislation
KW  - Coal
KW  - Environmental degradation
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Appalachian Region
N1  - Accession Number: 5362463; Shlottmann, Alan 1; Spore, Robert L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Economics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.; 2: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Aug76, Vol. 52 Issue 3, p265; Thesaurus Term: Strip mining; Thesaurus Term: Reclamation of land -- Law & legislation; Thesaurus Term: Coal; Thesaurus Term: Environmental degradation; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Subject: Appalachian Region; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333130 Mining and oil and gas field machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213113 Support Activities for Coal Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212114 Bituminous coal mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212111 Bituminous Coal and Lignite Surface Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212113 Anthracite Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Calibrating Duckweeds: Light, Clocks, Metabolism, Flowering.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/08/06/
VL  - 193
IS  - 4252
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
EP  - 458
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85220011; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Senior Plant Physiologist, Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 8/ 6/1976, Vol. 193 Issue 4252, p453; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - JOVANOVIC, STANKA
AU  - REED JR., GEORGE W.
T1  - Interrelations Among Isotopically Anomalous Mercury Fractions from Meteorites and Possible Cosmological Inferences.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/09/03/
VL  - 193
IS  - 4256
M3  - Article
SP  - 888
EP  - 891
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The magnitudes of the mercury anomalyfound in unequilibrated meteorites appear to fit a trend. The excesses in the ratios of mercury-202 to mercury-196 are related by simple multiplication factors. This periodicity may be interpreted in terms of the mode of production and ejection of the anomalous isotope from a stellar source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88003130; JOVANOVIC, STANKA 1; REED JR., GEORGE W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 9/ 3/1976, Vol. 193 Issue 4256, p888; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haaland, Carsten M.
AU  - Wigner, Eugene P.
T1  - 
JO  - National Review
JF  - National Review
J1  - National Review
PY  - 1976/09/17/
Y1  - 1976/09/17/
VL  - 28
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1005
PB  - National Review Inc.
SN  - 00280038
AB  - The article focuses on the status of nuclear weapons technology and policies in the U.S. and the Soviet Union in September 1976. The Soviets had been exerting their efforts to further strengthen their military power. They believed that if their civil defense plans were executed, the whole U.S. striking force would not be able to destroy more than a small fraction of the population of the Soviet Union. American engineers had been doing their part as well by studying the effects of nuclear weapons. However, the Soviets had surpassed the Americans in designing effective countermeasures.
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - GOVERNMENT policy
KW  - SEA power (Military science)
KW  - CIVIL defense
KW  - ENGINEERS
KW  - REPRISALS (International relations)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 6074360; Source Information: 9/17/1976, Vol. 28 Issue 35, p1005; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Subject Term: SEA power (Military science); Subject Term: CIVIL defense; Subject Term: ENGINEERS; Subject Term: REPRISALS (International relations); Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 1p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - FREEDMAN, MELVIN S.
AU  - STEVENS, CHARLES M.
AU  - HORWITZ, E. PHILIP
AU  - FUCHS, LOUIS H.
AU  - LERNER, JEROME L.
AU  - GOODMAN, LEONARD S.
AU  - CHILDS, WILLIAM J.
AU  - HESSLER, JAN
T1  - Solar Neutrinos: Proposal for a New Test.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/09/17/
VL  - 193
IS  - 4258
M3  - Article
SP  - 1117
EP  - 1119
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The predicted flux on the earth of solar neutrinos has eluded detection, confounding current ideas of solar energy production by nuclear fusion. The dominant low-energy component of that flux can be detected by mass-spectrometric assay of the induced tiny concentration of 1.6 × 107 year lead-205 in old thallium minerals. Comments are solicited from those in all relevant disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85218021; FREEDMAN, MELVIN S. 1; STEVENS, CHARLES M. 1; HORWITZ, E. PHILIP 1; FUCHS, LOUIS H. 1; LERNER, JEROME L. 1; GOODMAN, LEONARD S. 1; CHILDS, WILLIAM J. 1; HESSLER, JAN 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 9/17/1976, Vol. 193 Issue 4258, p1117; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MULLER, ROBERT N.
AU  - BORMANN, F. HERBERT
T1  - Role of Erythronium americanum Ker. in Energy Flow and Nutrient Dynamics of a Northern Hardwood Forest Ecosystem.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/09/17/
VL  - 193
IS  - 4258
M3  - Article
SP  - 1126
EP  - 1128
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The aboveground activity of the spring herb, Erythronium americanum, is restricted to the period between snowmelt and forest canopy development. Itsphenology and production capacity closely adapt the species to this temporal niche in northern deciduous forests. While E. americanum has a minor effect on energy flow, it may reduce losses of potassium and nitrogen from the ecosystem during the period of maximum removal by incorporating these elements in accumulating biomass. Later, during the summer, these nutrients are made available when the above- ground, nonperennating tissues decay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85218026; MULLER, ROBERT N. 1; BORMANN, F. HERBERT 2; Affiliations: 1: Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511; Issue Info: 9/17/1976, Vol. 193 Issue 4258, p1126; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HARVEY, BERNARD G.
AU  - HERRMAN, GÜNTER
AU  - HOFI, RICHARD W.
AU  - HOFFMAN, DARLEANE C.
AU  - HYDI, EARL K.
AU  - KAT, JOSEPH J.
AU  - KELLER JR, O. LEWIN
AU  - LEFORT, MARC
AU  - SEABOR, GLENN T.
T1  - Criteria for the Discovery of Chemical Elements.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/09/24/
VL  - 193
IS  - 4259
M3  - Article
SP  - 1271
EP  - 1272
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85218080; HARVEY, BERNARD G. 1; HERRMAN, GÜNTER 2; HOFI, RICHARD W. 3; HOFFMAN, DARLEANE C. 4; HYDI, EARL K. 5; KAT, JOSEPH J. 6; KELLER JR, O. LEWIN 7; LEFORT, MARC 8; SEABOR, GLENN T. 5; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, 94720; 2: Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, and Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; 3: Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California, Livermore; 4: Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87544; 5: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley; 6: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439; 7: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830; 8: Institut Physique Nucleaire, Orsay, France; Issue Info: 9/24/1976, Vol. 193 Issue 4259, p1271; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GENTRY, ROBERT V.
AU  - CHRISTIE, WARNER H.
AU  - SMITH, DAVID H.
AU  - EMERY, J. F.
AU  - REYNOLDS, S. A.
AU  - WALKER, RAYMOND
AU  - CRISTY, S. S.
AU  - GENTRY, P. A.
T1  - Radiohalos in Coalified Wood: New Evidence Relating to the Time of Uranium Introduction and Coalification.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/10/15/
VL  - 194
IS  - 4262
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
EP  - 318
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The discovery of embryonic halos around uranium-rich sites that exhibit very high 238U206Pb ratios suggests that uranium introduction may have occurredfar more recently than previously supposed. The discovery of 210Po halos derived from uranium daughters, some elliptical in shape, further suggests that uranium-daughter infiltration occurred prior to coalification when the radionuclide transport rate was relatively high and the matrix still plastically deformable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85218197; GENTRY, ROBERT V. 1; CHRISTIE, WARNER H. 2; SMITH, DAVID H. 2; EMERY, J. F. 2; REYNOLDS, S. A. 2; WALKER, RAYMOND 2; CRISTY, S. S. 3; GENTRY, P. A. 4; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Analytical Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 3: Laboratory Development Division, Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 4: Columbia Union College, Takoma Park, Maryland 20012; Issue Info: 10/15/1976, Vol. 194 Issue 4262, p315; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langsdorf Jr., Alexander
T1  - Beyond science and religion.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1976/11//
VL  - 32
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 47
EP  - 47
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Universe of Experience," by Lancelot Law Whyte.
KW  - EXPERIENCE
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - WHYTE, Lancelot Law
KW  - UNIVERSE of Experience, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21611816; Langsdorf Jr., Alexander 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois;  Source Info: Nov1976, Vol. 32 Issue 9, p47; Subject Term: EXPERIENCE; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Talmi, Bonnie C
T1  - Technology, management, and economics of information centers and services
JO  - Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science
JF  - Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science
Y1  - 1976/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 00954403
AB  - A report of the engineering foundation conference on 'the technology, management, and economics of information centers and services' held in easton, maryland, august 29 to september 3, 1976, is presented. One emphasis was on the economic and marketing organization of the information industry. Three types of models were discussed: 1) information as a commodity, 2) information as a public good, 3) information as a regulated industry. Also discussed were: historical analysis of sti as a regulated utility, the pros and cons of government involvement in the information industry, experiences in the 'information for sale' business, the 'information explosion', and the lack of national policy in information.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1202971; Talmi, Bonnie C 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee;  Source Info: December 1976, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p25; Note: Update Code: 1200; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Makinodan, T.
AU  - Albright, Julia W.
AU  - Good, P.I.
AU  - Peter, C.P.
AU  - Heidrick, Margaret L.
T1  - Reduced humoral immune activity in long-lived old mice: An approach to elucidating its mechanisms.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1976/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 903
EP  - 911
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Spleen cells from young (3-5 months) and old (22-27 months) mice were assessed in cultures, both in vivo and in vitro, for their antisheep RBC response separately and in mixtures. Pooled young spleens, pooled old spleens, and individual old spleens were analysed. The response of pure young spleen cells was always higher than that of pure old spleen cells (∼30 times). The responses of mixtures were either less than (i.e. reduced; frequency ∼65 per cent), comparable to (i.e. additive; frequency ∼10 per cent), or greater than (i.e. elevated; frequency ∼30 per cent) the sum of the responses given by equivalent numbers of pure young and pure old spleen cells. The reduced response was observed in mixtures containing cells from histologically normal old spleens, old spleens with tumours and old spleens with atrophic follicles. Additive and elevated responses were observed only in mixtures containing cells from histologically normal old spleens. The reduced response is explicable in terms of excessive numbers of suppressor cells in old spleens that can prevent young immunocompetent cells from responding maximally to the test antigen. The additive response can be accounted for by a reduction in number of immunocompetent cells in old spleens and/or a decrease in their functional efficiency. The elevated response can be explained by a reduction in number of at least one type of immunocompetent cell in old spleens that exists in excess in young spleens. These results indicate that there are several types of cellular changes responsible for the decrease in humoral immune activity in old mice. Pooling of old spleens, as was commonly done in the past, should therefore be discouraged. Not only might it selectively favour the expression of old spleens with an excess of supressor cells but it conceivably could result in an elevated response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - SPLEEN
KW  - HEMATOPOIETIC system
KW  - LYMPHOID tissue
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - MICE
N1  - Accession Number: 13373699; Makinodan, T. 1,2; Albright, Julia W. 1; Good, P.I. 3; Peter, C.P. 2,4; Heidrick, Margaret L. 1,2,5; Source Information: Dec76, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p903; Subject: IMMUNE system; Subject: SPLEEN; Subject: HEMATOPOIETIC system; Subject: LYMPHOID tissue; Subject: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject: MICE; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - Residential Energy Use Alternatives: 1976 to 2000.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1976/12/17/
VL  - 194
IS  - 4271
M3  - Article
SP  - 1247
EP  - 1252
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85361286; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Engineer, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 12/17/1976, Vol. 194 Issue 4271, p1247; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Butler, Margaret K
T1  - The software package as an information center product
JO  - In Fry, Bernard M., Comp.; Shepherd, Clayton A., Comp. Information Management In The 1980's. Proceedings Of The Asis 40th Annual Meeting. Chicago, September 26 To October 1, 1977. Volume 14. Part I. Abstracts Of Papers. Part Ii. Full Papers. 1977. Knowled
JF  - In Fry, Bernard M., Comp.; Shepherd, Clayton A., Comp. Information Management In The 1980's. Proceedings Of The Asis 40th Annual Meeting. Chicago, September 26 To October 1, 1977. Volume 14. Part I. Abstracts Of Papers. Part Ii. Full Papers. 1977. Knowled
Y1  - 1977///
M3  - Book
AB  - The argonne code center serves as a software exchange and information center for the us energy research and development administration (erda) and the nuclear regulatory commission (nrc). The goal of the center's program is to provide a means for sharing of software among agency offices and contractors, and for transfering computing applications and technology, developed within the agencies, to the information-processing community. A major activity of the code center is the acquisition, review, testing, and maintenance of a collection of software-computer systems, applications programs, subroutines, modules, and data compilations-prepared by agency offices and contractors to meet erda and nrc programmatic needs. Each member was developed to model a physical situation, solve a specific problem or perform an information-processing function in a prescribed computer environment. Copies of the software together with supporting material are disseminated as an information center product, so that others, attempting to model similar situations or faced with related problems or like tasks, can uitlize the existing software. Before addressing the express concerns assigned the panel, a brief review of the history of computer program libraries and software sharing is presented to place the code center activity in perspective. The state-of-the-art discussion starts off with an appropriate definition of the term, software package, together with descriptions of recommended package contents and the center's package evaluation activity. An effort is made to identify the various users of the product, to enumerate their individual needs, to document the center's efforts to meet these needs and the ongoing interaction with the user community. Desirable staff qualifications are considered and packaging problems reviewed. The paper closes with a brief look at recent developments and a forecast of things to come.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1301128; Butler, Margaret K 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne Code Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.;  Source Info: 1977; Note: Update Code: 1300; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Loebl, Andrew S
T1  - The regional and urban studies information center (rustic) of oak ridge national laboratory
JO  - In Fry, Bernard M., Comp.; Shepherd, Clayton A., Comp. Information Management In The 1980's. Proceedings Of The Asis 40th Annual Meeting. Chicago, September 26 To October 1, 1977. Volume 14. Part I. Abstracts Of Papers. Part Ii. Full Papers. 1977. Knowled
JF  - In Fry, Bernard M., Comp.; Shepherd, Clayton A., Comp. Information Management In The 1980's. Proceedings Of The Asis 40th Annual Meeting. Chicago, September 26 To October 1, 1977. Volume 14. Part I. Abstracts Of Papers. Part Ii. Full Papers. 1977. Knowled
Y1  - 1977///
M3  - Book
AB  - The regional and urban studies information center (rustic) seeks to develop iterative retrieval methods to make numerical and bibliographic data available for research applications. Aside from providing access and retrieval advantages, the design of this program provides for development of management tools for in-house independence in data resource acquisition, maintenance, utilization, and organization. Further, and to no lesser extent, basic ext ension activities have been and are being developed which foster the development of a collaborative vehicle between research activities which focus upon data resources and application activities which employ those same resources.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1301134; Loebl, Andrew S 1; Affiliations: 1 : Regional And Urban Studies Section, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.;  Source Info: 1977; Note: Update Code: 1300; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gode, Jules B
T1  - Sources of construction information: an annotated guide to reports, books, periodicals, standards and codes. volume 1. books
JO  - Isbn 0-8108-1030-1. 1977. Scarecrow Press, Inc., P.o. Box 656, Metuchen, New Jersey 08840. 673 P. 3100 Ref. $25.00. Index. Lc 77-4671
JF  - Isbn 0-8108-1030-1. 1977. Scarecrow Press, Inc., P.o. Box 656, Metuchen, New Jersey 08840. 673 P. 3100 Ref. $25.00. Index. Lc 77-4671
Y1  - 1977///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Contains abstracts for more than 3100 books of interest to the architect, engineer, contractor, building official, and student. Most of the books listed were published in the united states; all are in the english language. The contents are divided into 11 major subject areas, are each entry has an access number keyed to a comprehensive index. A standard bibliographical format provides access number, author (s), title publisher, data of publication number of pages, cost, special information, and a brief abstract. Forthcoming volumes 2 through 4 will cover government reports; professional, trade association and planning organization reports; standards and codes; and organizations, periodicals and directories.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1203804; Gode, Jules B 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: 1977; Note: Update Code: 1200; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KEARNY, CRESSON H.
AU  - WIGNER, EUGENE P.
T1  - Soviet Civil Defense.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/01/21/
VL  - 195
IS  - 4275
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 243
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85218257; KEARNY, CRESSON H. 1; WIGNER, EUGENE P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540; Issue Info: 1/21/1977, Vol. 195 Issue 4275, p243; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mixon, W.
T1  - The modular integrated utility system (MIUS) as a potential influence on community development.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1977/02//
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 269
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is conducting the Modular Integrated Utility System (MIUS) Program devoted to development and demonstration of the technical, economic, and institutional advantages of integrating the systems for providing all or several of the utility services for a community. Possible utility services include the provision of electric power, domestic heating and cooling, potable water, fire protection water, liquid waste treatment, and solid waste management. The objective of the MIUS concept is to provide the desired utility services in a way that is consistent with reduction in the use of critical natural resources, protection of the environment, and minimization of cost. A MIUS might be sized to accommodate several hundred or a few thousand multifamily dwelling units, nearby single-family housing, and associated commercial facilities. The MIUS is modular in that it can be installed near appropriate users in phase with the actual demands of community development or redevelopment. It uses an integrated systems approach whereby some resource requirements of one service are met by utilizing the effluent of another. For example, heat rejected from electrical generation might be used for residential space heating, and the efflluent from liquid waste treatment might be used for fire protection and/or cooling tower water. This paper summarizes the MIUS concept and the type and extent of potential application. Possible interactions between MIUS and the local community are identified from a comparison of technological and physical characteristics of MIUS with alternative conventional utilities. Possible impacts on land use and patterns of community development are emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Modular Integrated Utility Systems Program
KW  - Community development -- United States
KW  - Environmental protection -- United States
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Dept. of Housing & Urban Development
N1  - Accession Number: 71549143; Mixon, W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37830 Oak Ridge USA; Issue Info: Feb1977, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p261; Subject Term: Modular Integrated Utility Systems Program; Subject Term: Community development -- United States; Subject Term: Environmental protection -- United States; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Housing & Urban Development; NAICS/Industry Codes: 925120 Administration of Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development; NAICS/Industry Codes: 925110 Administration of Housing Programs; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00280868
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asbury, Joseph G.
AU  - Mueller, Ronald O.
T1  - Solar Energy and Electric Utilities:Should They Be Interfaced?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/02/04/
VL  - 195
IS  - 4277
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 450
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85218333; Asbury, Joseph G. 1; Mueller, Ronald O. 2; Affiliations: 1: Senior Economist Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: Energy Systems analyst with the Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 2/ 4/1977, Vol. 195 Issue 4277, p445; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Sparks Jr., C. J.
AU  - Nixon, Alan C.
AU  - Gilman, Carolyn
AU  - McCallum, David Livingston
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1977/02/26/
VL  - 111
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 131
EP  - 131
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents letters to the editor published in the February 26, 1977 issue of the journal 'Science News.'
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Science -- Periodicals
N1  - Accession Number: 7071052; Sparks Jr., C. J. 1; Nixon, Alan C.; Gilman, Carolyn; McCallum, David Livingston; Affiliations: 1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Issue Info: 2/26/1977, Vol. 111 Issue 9, p131; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Science -- Periodicals; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 754
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morrison, G. W.
AU  - Pike, D. H.
T1  - KALMAN FILTERING APPLIED TO STATISTICAL FORECASTING.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1977/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 768
EP  - 774
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - This paper describes the use of the Kalman Filter in a certain class of forecasting problems. The time series is assumed to be modeled as a time varying mean with additive noise. The mean of the time series is assumed to be a linear combination of known functions. The coefficients appearing in the linear combination are unknown. Under such assumptions, the time series can be described as a linear system with the state vector of the system being the unknown parameters and present value of the mean of the process. The Kalman Filter can be used under these circumstances to obtain an "optimal" estimate of the state vector. One of the distinct advantages of the Kalman Filter is that time varying coefficients can be permitted in the model. Examples using the Kalman Filter in forecasting are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Management Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME series analysis
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - RATE of return
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - INDUSTRIAL management -- Mathematical models
KW  - KALMAN filtering
KW  - PREDICTION models
KW  - LEAST squares
N1  - Accession Number: 7023540; Morrison, G. W. 1; Pike, D. H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Computer Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; 2: University of Tennessee.; Issue Info: Mar77, Vol. 23 Issue 7, p768; Thesaurus Term: TIME series analysis; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS theory; Thesaurus Term: RATE of return; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL management -- Mathematical models; Subject Term: KALMAN filtering; Subject Term: PREDICTION models; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - AUERBACH, STANLEY I.
AU  - BURGESS, ROBERT L.
AU  - O'NEILL, ROBERT V.
T1  - The Biome Programs: Evaluating an Experiment.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/03/04/
VL  - 195
IS  - 4281
M3  - Article
SP  - 902
EP  - 904
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85198874; AUERBACH, STANLEY I. 1; BURGESS, ROBERT L. 1; O'NEILL, ROBERT V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Eastern Deciduous Forest Biome Program, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: 3/ 4/1977, Vol. 195 Issue 4281, p902; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karkheck, J.
AU  - Powell, J.
AU  - Beardsworth, E.
T1  - Prospects for District Heating in the United States.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/03/11/
VL  - 195
IS  - 4282
M3  - Article
SP  - 948
EP  - 955
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85198890; Karkheck, J. 1; Powell, J. 2; Beardsworth, E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Physicists, Fusion Technology Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Head of Fusion Technology Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 3/11/1977, Vol. 195 Issue 4282, p948; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kramer, S. D.
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Scientific American
JF  - Scientific American
Y1  - 1977/04//
VL  - 236
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
SN  - 00368733
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented as a response to an article on antibody combining site in the January 1977 issue of the periodical "Scientific American."
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Immunoglobulins
N1  - Accession Number: 19586104; Kramer, S. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Issue Info: Apr77, Vol. 236 Issue 4, p9; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Immunoglobulins; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Letter
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LOMAX, MARGARET I.
AU  - HELLING, ROBERT B.
AU  - HECKER, LANNY I.
AU  - SCHWARTZBACH, STEVEN D.
AU  - BARNETT, W. EDGAR
T1  - Cloned Ribosomal RNA Genes from Chloroplasts of Euglena gracilis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/04/08/
VL  - 196
IS  - 4286
M3  - Article
SP  - 202
EP  - 205
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Fragments of Euglena chloroplast DNA generated by endonuclease R. Eco RI were separated by agarose-gel electrophoresis into 24 distinct bands. At least five fragments contain sequences complementary to chloroplast ribosomal RNA. Most of the Eco R1 fragments have been cloned in a plasmid of Escherichia coli. Three of the cloned fragments were shown to contain chloroplast ribosomal RNA sequences by DNA-RNA hybridization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85199110; LOMAX, MARGARET I. 1; HELLING, ROBERT B. 1; HECKER, LANNY I. 2; SCHWARTZBACH, STEVEN D. 2; BARNETT, W. EDGAR 2; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109; 2: Division of Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 4/ 8/1977, Vol. 196 Issue 4286, p202; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - JOHNSON, CARROLL K.
T1  - Will Holography Revolutionize Crystallography?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/04/29/
VL  - 196
IS  - 4289
M3  - Article
SP  - 478
EP  - 480
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85199180; JOHNSON, CARROLL K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 4/29/1977, Vol. 196 Issue 4289, p478; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - COTZIAS, GEORGE C.
AU  - MILLER, SAMUEL T.
AU  - TANG, LILY C.
AU  - PAPAVASILIOU, PAUL S.
AU  - WANG, YING YAO
T1  - Levodopa, Fertility, and Longevity.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/04/29/
VL  - 196
IS  - 4289
M3  - Article
SP  - 549
EP  - 551
SN  - 00368075
AB  - High concentrations of the dopaminergic drug levodopa (L-dopa, L-3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine) administered to mice in their diet affected fertility to a moderate degree and prolonged the mean life-span by a maximum of 50 percent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 85199217; COTZIAS, GEORGE C. 1,2; MILLER, SAMUEL T. 1,2; TANG, LILY C. 1,2; PAPAVASILIOU, PAUL S. 1,2; WANG, YING YAO 3; Affiliations: 1: Departments of Neurology, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10021; 2: Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 3: Biostatistics Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10021; Issue Info: 4/29/1977, Vol. 196 Issue 4289, p549; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - ECOFREAKS, TECHNOFREAKS, AND ONE-ARMED BIOLOGISTS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1977/05//
VL  - 27
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 315
EP  - 315
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents the author's views on the effects of physical, chemical, and biological technologies on the environment. In his view, with the advancement in technology a lot of side effects have also been caused to the environment and the living things. He states that the advancement in technology has led to serious problems such as degradation of the landscape and spread of health hazards.
KW  - Environmental degradation
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Technological innovations
N1  - Accession Number: 28050448; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: May1977, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p315; Thesaurus Term: Environmental degradation; Thesaurus Term: Hazards; Subject Term: Technological innovations; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Editorial; Full Text Word Count: 637
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creasia, D. A.
AU  - Nettesheim, P.
AU  - Kim, J. C. S.
T1  - Stimulation of DNA synthesis in the lungs of hamsters exposed intermittently to nitrogen dioxide.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1977/05//
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1173
EP  - 1181
SN  - 00984108
AB  - Stimulation of [3H]thymidine incorporation in the lungs of hamsters exposed singly and repeatedly to 10 ppm NO2 was studied. Within 24 hr of the first exposure to NO2, the response was characterized by a marked increase in [3H]thymidine labeling in the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveolar ducts, but not in the trachea or the peripheral alveoli. If, after the first NO2 exposure, subsequent exposures were repeated daily, no further stimulation of [3H]thymidine incorporation was observed in any part of the respiratory tract. However, if the interval between the first and subsequent exposures was 2–3 days rather than 1 day, stimulation of [3H]thymidine incorporation was observed in the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveolar ducts for up to 21 NO2 exposures. A significantly greater increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation was observed when the interval between subsequent exposures was extended to 7 days. However, no repeated exposure, whether at 2–3 or 7 day intervals, was as effective as the first NO2 exposure in stimulating incorporation of [3H]thymidine. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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N1  - Accession Number: 75456859; Creasia, D. A. 1; Nettesheim, P. 2; Kim, J. C. S. 1,3; Source Information: May1977, Vol. 2 Issue 5, p1173; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287397709529515
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Jerry R.
T1  - 'Investigation of Population Density Gradients Using Trend Surface Analysis': Comment.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1977/05//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
EP  - 250
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - This section comments on an article by Larry Schroeder and David L. Sjoquist, regarding the usefulness of trend surface analysis (TSA) in estimating population density patterns, published in the 1976 issue of Land Economics. The objective of this paper is to compensate for the short shrift given by Schroeder and Sjoquist (S-S) to the theoretical justification and empirical implementation of the trend surface analysis technique and to point out several shortcomings exhibited in the S-S application of TSA. The geometric interpretation of the surface is briefly considered. The TSA model is shown not to represent, as is commonly believed, a special case of the linear least squares model, but a general form containing models linear in variables and interaction models as special cases. Two criteria which can be used in the selection of the degree of the polynomial equation are presented. Obviously the S-S article has barely scratched the surface of some of the subtleties and subtopics in TSA. Those interested in applying the technique should go to the original TSA sources. The primary motivation for this addendum to the S-S paper is that TSA will find a place in the arsenal of empirical techniques used by researchers to analyze spatial data.
KW  - Population density
KW  - Trend surface analysis
KW  - Spatial analysis (Statistics)
KW  - Linear models (Statistics)
KW  - Least squares
KW  - Mathematical statistics
N1  - Accession Number: 5359078; Jackson, Jerry R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Economist, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: May77, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p246; Thesaurus Term: Population density; Subject Term: Trend surface analysis; Subject Term: Spatial analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: Linear models (Statistics); Subject Term: Least squares; Subject Term: Mathematical statistics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho, James K.
T1  - NESTED DECOMPOSITION OF A DYNAMIC ENERGY MODEL.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1977/05//
VL  - 23
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1022
EP  - 1026
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - This paper reports computational experience in using a nested decomposition (staircase) algorithm to solve a version of Manne's linear programming model of U. S. energy options. Nested decomposition is found to be 28% to 52% faster than a direct simplex approach for our test problems. Effects of various computational strategies are also investigated. Our results indicate the applicability of nested decomposition to the important class of staircase linear programs arising from dynamic energy models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Management Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
KW  - DEMAND (Economic theory)
KW  - STRATEGIC planning -- Economic aspects
KW  - INDUSTRIAL management -- Mathematical models
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics)
KW  - ECONOMIC aspects
N1  - Accession Number: 7161461; Ho, James K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton New, York.; Issue Info: May77, Vol. 23 Issue 9, p1022; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY policy; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY consumption; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; Thesaurus Term: DEMAND (Economic theory); Thesaurus Term: STRATEGIC planning -- Economic aspects; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL management -- Mathematical models; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics); Subject Term: ECONOMIC aspects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MOSES, MONTROSE J.
AU  - RUSSELL, LIANE B.
AU  - CACHEIRO, N. L. A.
T1  - Mouse Chromosome Translocations: Visualization and Analysis by Electron Microscopy of the Synaptonemal Complex.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/05/20/
VL  - 196
IS  - 4292
M3  - Article
SP  - 892
EP  - 894
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Pachytene chromosomes of mice heterozygous for known translocations are clearly depicted by configurations of the synaptonemal complexes in spread (whole mount) preparations. In one autosomal and two X-autosome translocations analyzed, breakpoints are identifiable; localization by measurement agrees with mitotic data and shows the translocations to be reciprocal. Synapsis with the Y is inhibited in one translocation in which the breakpoint is in the pairing region of the X. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 87436329; MOSES, MONTROSE J. 1; RUSSELL, LIANE B. 2; CACHEIRO, N. L. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Anatomy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710; 2: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 5/20/1977, Vol. 196 Issue 4292, p892; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andren, A.
AU  - Lindberg, S.
T1  - Atmospheric input and origin of selected elements in Walker Branch Watershed, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1977/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 215
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The elemental composition and relative contribution to input of precipitation and aerosols have been determined for the Walker Branch Watershed in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. Comparison of elemental ratios in rain to those in local soils indicates that Cu, Hg, and Pb are enriched with respect to soil by a factor of 30 to 170 and must have a non-soil source. Due to inherent problems encountered in determining elemental deposition velocities, elemental input by dry deposition was calculated using literature value upper and lower limits. If the higher deposition velocities are chosen, dry deposition could constitute from 62 to 96% of the total input for selected elements to the watershed. Enrichment factor and chemical mass balance calculations have been applied to aerosol data in an attempt to distinguish between atmospheric particulates derived from soil, automobiles, and three nearby coal-fired steam plants. Elemental deposition by wet and dry fallout has also been calculated using published deposition velocities. Mass balance calculations indicate that no more than 5% of the total aerosol load can be attributed to the three coal-fired steam plants. The steam plants can, however, account for up to 20% of individual elements collected in air above the watershed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Sedimentation & deposition
KW  - Precipitation (Chemistry)
KW  - Watersheds -- Tennessee
KW  - Oak Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - Tennessee
N1  - Accession Number: 71549247; Andren, A. 1; Lindberg, S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37830 Oak Ridge USA; Issue Info: Jun1977, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p199; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Thesaurus Term: Sedimentation & deposition; Subject Term: Precipitation (Chemistry); Subject Term: Watersheds -- Tennessee; Subject: Oak Ridge (Tenn.); Subject: Tennessee; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00294043
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - FRIED, SHERMAN
AU  - FRIEDMAN, ARNOLD M.
AU  - ATCHER, ROBERT
AU  - HINES, JOHN
T1  - Retention of Plutonium and Americium by Rock.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/06/03/
VL  - 196
IS  - 4294
M3  - Article
SP  - 1087
EP  - 1089
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The relative migration ratio of plutonium in various rocks is approximately 100 micrometers per meter of waterflow; the corresponding migration ratio for americium is about 500 micrometers per meter of waterflow. Under these conditions radioactive decay will have taken place to such an extent that little plutonium and americium can reach the external environment from a well-designed and isolated geological repository site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 87436412; FRIED, SHERMAN 1; FRIEDMAN, ARNOLD M. 1; ATCHER, ROBERT 1; HINES, JOHN 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 6/3/1977, Vol. 196 Issue 4294, p1087; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Selkirk, James K.
T1  - Benzo[α]pyrene carcinogenesis: A biochemical selection mechanism.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1977/07//
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1245
EP  - 1258
SN  - 00984108
AB  - Separation of the metabolic products of benzo[a]pyrene has been readily accomplished by high‐pressure liquid chromatography. This technique is uniquely suited for compounds labile to air and light and for resolving positional isomers of phenolic or other types of oxygenated metabolites of this carcinogen. This procedure has been utilized to separate and compare benzo[a]pyrene activation and detoxification products between rat, mouse, and hamster hepatic microsomes and mouse and hamster embryo cell cultures. While metabolite profiles exhibited the same types of derivatives, marked quantitative variation was observed. Microsomal preparation produced large amounts of noncarcinogenic phenols, while intact cell metabolism favored diol formation. These results are in agreement with reactivation of metabolic diols as substrates for further activation to a more proximate carcinogenic species of benzo[a]pyrene and caution against extrapolating metabolic results from any single test system to other species or tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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N1  - Accession Number: 75456894; Selkirk, James K. 1; Source Information: Jul1977, Vol. 2 Issue 6, p1245; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287397709529527
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WEI, G. C. T.
AU  - WUENSCH, B. J.
T1  - Comparison of Radioactive and Stable TI+ Diffusion in Potassium Chloride: Demonstration of a Transmutation Effect.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/07/08/
VL  - 197
IS  - 4299
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 161
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Radioactive 204TI+ was found to diffuse in potassium chloride up to three times more rapidly than stable TI+. The difference is attributed to the 204Pb2+ daughter element produced by β- emission. A theoretical model accounts satisfactorily for the discrepancy and indicates that internal sources of cation vacancies are effective in maintaining electroneutrality at all but low temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 87465357; WEI, G. C. T. 1,2; WUENSCH, B. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830; Issue Info: 7/8/1977, Vol. 197 Issue 4299, p159; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - THOMAS, JR., G. J.
AU  - PRESCOTT, B.
AU  - OLINS, D. E.
T1  - Secondary Structure of Histones and DNA in Chromatin.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/07/22/
VL  - 197
IS  - 4301
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 388
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Laser Raman spectroscopy indicates that the inner histones which are bound to DNA in chromatin or in isolated nu bodies are similar in conformation to the inner histones which are dissociatedfrom DNA in high-salt solutions. This structure contains, on the average, 51 ± 5 percent a-helix and no substantial 13-sheet conformation. It is proposed that the protein core of the nu body has a high a-helix content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87477751; THOMAS, JR., G. J. 1; PRESCOTT, B. 1; OLINS, D. E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Southeastern Massachusetts University, North Dartmouth 02747; 2: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830; Issue Info: 7/22/1977, Vol. 197 Issue 4301, p385; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Neill, R.
AU  - Ausmus, B.
AU  - Jackson, D.
AU  - Hook, R.
AU  - Voris, P.
AU  - Washburne, C.
AU  - Watson, A.
T1  - Monitoring terrestrial ecosystems by analysis of nutrient export.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1977/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
EP  - 277
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Current methodology for environmental impact assessment relies heavily on population parameters to detect ecological effects of perturbation. We believe that recent advances in ecosystem analysis permit the identification of monitoring points that reflect changes in the total system. Focusing on mechanisms of ecosystem homeostasis, we suggest soil nutrient loss as a sensitive, holistic measure of ecological effects. In three separate studies, attempts were made to detect the effects of toxic substances by monitoring relevant population parameters. In each case, disturbance could be detected in nutrient cycling, but no significant change was evident in the population/community parameters. These results indicate that indices of total ecosystem function may be feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Poisons
KW  - Nutrient cycles
KW  - Parameters (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 71549256; O'Neill, R. 1; Ausmus, B. 1; Jackson, D. 1; Hook, R. 1; Voris, P. 1; Washburne, C. 1; Watson, A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (operated by Union Carbide the Energy Research and Development Administration), 37830 Oak Ridge U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug1977, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p271; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Poisons; Thesaurus Term: Nutrient cycles; Subject Term: Parameters (Statistics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00541913
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, D.
AU  - Washburne, C.
AU  - Ausmus, B.
T1  - Loss of Ca and NO-N from terrestrial microcosms as an indicator of soil pollution.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1977/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 284
SN  - 00496979
AB  - An experiment was conducted using As-treated soil cores to develop a screening tool for toxic contaminants. Aqueous efflux of Ca and NO-N were tested as sensitive indicators of chemical stress on soil. Nutrient efflux from forest soil cores was increased at the highest As level (100 μg As cm), while population parameters (i.e., microbial biomass and enzyme concentrations) were unaffected. These results indicate that nutrient efflux is more sensitive to chemical stress than population parameters. Nutrient losses from soils may be used as an early-warning device for assessing contaminants potentially toxic to terrestrial ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - Calcium
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Forest soils
KW  - Microcosm & macrocosm
N1  - Accession Number: 71549257; Jackson, D. 1; Washburne, C. 1; Ausmus, B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37830 Oak Ridge U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug1977, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p279; Thesaurus Term: Calcium; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Forest soils; Subject Term: Microcosm & macrocosm; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00541914
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoffman, Kenneth C.
AU  - Jorgenson, Dale W.
T1  - Economic and technological models for evaluation of energy policy.
JO  - Bell Journal of Economics
JF  - Bell Journal of Economics
Y1  - 1977/09//
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 444
EP  - 466
SN  - 0361915X
AB  - Models for energy policy assessment have been developed using both process analysis and econometrics. The process approach provides for the incorporation of information on future technological and structural changes based on detailed engineering studies. The econometric approach is well adapted to the description of aggregative consumer behavior and economic activity. This paper presents a new approach for policy assessment, integrating process analysis and econometric models that have been used extensively in energy policy analysis and technology assessment. We illustrate the application of this approach by an analysis of a national research, development, and demonstration plan for the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bell Journal of Economics is the property of RAND Journal of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - ECONOMIC models
KW  - ECONOMETRICS
KW  - CONSUMER behavior
KW  - ECONOMIC activity
KW  - ECONOMETRIC models
KW  - POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND EVALUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 5748832; Hoffman, Kenneth C. 1; Jorgenson, Dale W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory.; 2: Harvard University.; Issue Info: Autumn77, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p444; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY policy; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMIC models; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMETRICS; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER behavior; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMIC activity; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMETRIC models; Author-Supplied Keyword: POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND EVALUATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
T1  - CELL HYBRIDS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1977/09//
VL  - 27
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 622
EP  - 622
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Cell Hybrids," by Nils Ringertz and Robert E. Savage.
KW  - Cell hybridization
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Ringertz, Nils
KW  - Savage, Robert E.
KW  - Cell Hybrids (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050501; Anderson, Carl W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Sep1977, Vol. 27 Issue 9, p622; Subject Term: Cell hybridization; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 413
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - EVANS, JR., JOHN C.
AU  - STEINBERG, RICHARD I.
T1  - Nucleon Stability: A Geochemical Test Independent of Decay Mode.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/09/02/
VL  - 197
IS  - 4307
M3  - Article
SP  - 989
EP  - 991
SN  - 00368075
AB  - By analyzing published geochemical data on xenon isotopes measured in a 2.46 x 109-year-old telluride ore, a lower limit of 1.6 x 1025 years has been obtained for the mean lifetime of the nucleons in the tellurium-130 nucleus. This result is insensitive to the particular mode by which the nucleons decay and therefore provides a rigorous limit on possible baryon number nonconservation. The new limit is about two orders of magnitude better than the previous rigorous limit on nucleon stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87476622; EVANS, JR., JOHN C. 1; STEINBERG, RICHARD I. 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Physics Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104; Issue Info: 9/2/1977, Vol. 197 Issue 4307, p989; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ROBERTS, ARTHUR
T1  - History of a Machine.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/09/16/
VL  - 197
IS  - 4309
M3  - Article
SP  - 1175
EP  - 1175
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87476737; ROBERTS, ARTHUR 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Issue Info: 9/16/1977, Vol. 197 Issue 4309, p1175; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - FOUNTAIN, DAVID W.
AU  - FOARD, DONALD E.
AU  - REPLOGLE, WENDY D.
AU  - YANG, WEN K.
T1  - Lectin Release by Soybean Seeds.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/09/16/
VL  - 197
IS  - 4309
M3  - Article
SP  - 1185
EP  - 1187
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Lectin is releasedfrom soybean seeds during water uptake. Hemagglutination activity data show that the lectin is a preferential release product within the first 8 hours of hydration. A qualitative filter-paper assay for detection of lectin released by single seeds is used to show that the release phenomenon is independent of seed viability and insensitive to azide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87476732; FOUNTAIN, DAVID W. 1; FOARD, DONALD E. 1; REPLOGLE, WENDY D. 1; YANG, WEN K. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 9/16/1977, Vol. 197 Issue 4309, p1185; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ROMBERG, G. PATRICK
AU  - PREPEJCHAL, W.
AU  - SPIGARELLI, S. A.
T1  - Temperature Exposure Measured by the Use of Thermoluminescence.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/09/30/
VL  - 197
IS  - 4311
M3  - Article
SP  - 1364
EP  - 1365
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A method has been developed to measure temperature exposure based on the use of the termperature-dependent property of thermoluminescence fade. This property provides a relatively simple and inexpensive method for measuring both average and accumulated temperature exposure without the need for sophisticated [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87459926; ROMBERG, G. PATRICK 1; PREPEJCHAL, W. 1; SPIGARELLI, S. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Ecological Sciences Section, Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 9/30/1977, Vol. 197 Issue 4311, p1364; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CANTOR, STANLEY
T1  - Entropy Estimates of Garnets and Other Silicates.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/10/14/
VL  - 198
IS  - 4313
M3  - Article
SP  - 206
EP  - 207
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87460044; CANTOR, STANLEY 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 10/14/1977, Vol. 198 Issue 4313, p206; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernstein, Frances C.
AU  - Koetzle, Thomas F.
AU  - Williams, Graheme J. B.
AU  - Meyer Jr, Edgar F.
AU  - Brice, Michael D.
AU  - Rodgers, John R.
AU  - Kennard, Olga
AU  - Shimanouchi, Takehiko
AU  - Tasumi, Mitsuo
T1  - The Protein Data Bank.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1977/11//11/1/77
VL  - 80
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 324
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The Protein Data Bank is a computer-based archival file for macromolecular structures. The Bank stores in a uniform format atomic co-ordinates and partial bond connectivities, as derived from crystallographic studies. Text included in each data entry gives pertinent information for the structure at hand (e.g. species from which the molecule has been obtained, resolution of diffraction data, literature citations and specifications of secondary structure). In addition to atomic co-ordinates and connectivities, the Protein Data Bank stores structure factors and phases, although these latter data are not placed in any uniform format. Input of data to the Bank and general maintenance functions are carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory. All data stored in the Bank are available on magnetic tape for public distribution, from Brookhaven (to laboratories in the Americas), Tokyo (Japan), and Cambridge (Europe and worldwide). A master file is maintained at Brookhaven and duplicate copies are stored in Cambridge and Tokyo. In the future, it is hoped to expand the scope of the Protein Data Bank to make available co-ordinates for standard structural types (e.g. α-helix, RNA double-stranded helix) and representative computer programs of utility in the study and interpretation of macromolecular structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
N1  - Accession Number: 13700363; Bernstein, Frances C. 1; Koetzle, Thomas F. 1; Williams, Graheme J. B. 1; Meyer Jr, Edgar F. 1; Brice, Michael D. 2; Rodgers, John R. 2; Kennard, Olga 2; Shimanouchi, Takehiko 3; Tasumi, Mitsuo 3; Source Information: 11/1/77, Vol. 80 Issue 2, p319; Subject: PROTEINS; Subject: MACROMOLECULES; Subject: DATABASES; Subject: INFORMATION science; Subject: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject: INFORMATION resources management; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rice, Patricia
AU  - Smith, V. Kerry
T1  - AN ECONOMETRIC MODEL OF THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
JO  - Journal of Econometrics
JF  - Journal of Econometrics
Y1  - 1977/11//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 287
SN  - 03044076
AB  - This article presents information on an econometric model of the petroleum industry. This article describes a forty-two non-linear equation model of the U.S. petroleum industry estimated over the period 1946 to 1973. The model specifies refinery outputs and prices as being simultaneously determined by market forces while the domestic output of crude oil is determined in a block-recursive segment of the model. It is informed that the petroleum industry is the third largest industry in the U.S. and provides seventy-six percent of the nation's energy requirements. The model being discussed in this article considers both the demand and supply of crude and refinery products and does not implicitly require either perfect competition or restrictive aggregating conditions. Several of the previous models of the petroleum industry have utilized linear programming models of a refinery to represent the industry supply response. The model being discussed in this article specifies outputs and prices to be determined simultaneously by market forces while the output of domestic crude oil is determined in a block-recursive segment, the production sector, of the model.
KW  - PETROLEUM industry
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - PETROLEUM
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 5009565; Rice, Patricia 1; Smith, V. Kerry 2; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.; 2: Quality of the Environment Division, Resources for the Future, Washington, DC 20036, USA.; Issue Info: Nov77, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p263; Thesaurus Term: PETROLEUM industry; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: PETROLEUM; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454311 Heating oil dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213112 Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 25p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 8 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HOFFMAN, DAVID J.
AU  - NIYOGI, SALIL K.
T1  - Metal Mutagens and Carcinogens Affect RNA Synthesis Rates in a Distinct Manner.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/11/04/
VL  - 198
IS  - 4316
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
EP  - 514
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Five metal salts (lead, cadmium, cobalt, copper, and manganese), which are mutagenic or carcinogenic, decreasing the fidelity of DNA synthesis in vitro, stimulated chain initiation of RNA synthesis at concentrations that inhibited overall RNA synthesis. In contrast, other metal salts (zinc, magnesium, lithium, sodium, and potassium) not in this category inhibited chain initiation of RNA synthesis at concentrations that inhibited overall RNA synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87460688; HOFFMAN, DAVID J. 1; NIYOGI, SALIL K. 2; Affiliations: 1: Health Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Research Center, Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268; 2: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 11/4/1977, Vol. 198 Issue 4316, p513; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ADAMS, S. MARSHALL
T1  - Estuaries.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/11/18/
VL  - 198
IS  - 4318
M3  - Article
SP  - 724
EP  - 725
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87436443; ADAMS, S. MARSHALL 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 11/18/1977, Vol. 198 Issue 4318, p724; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skinner, Dorothy M.
T1  - Satellite DNA's.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1977/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 790
EP  - 796
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents information about Satellite DNAs. Satellite DNAs are nuclear DNAs that can be separated by physical methods from the main component DNA of a genome. The most common means is by centrifuging DNA in density gradients formed by cesium salts. Satellites constitute from 1% to 65% of the total DNA of numerous organisms, including that of animals, plants and prokaryotes. The first satellite DNAs were found in the early 1960s and were so designated because their discovery followed closely the orbiting of the first artificial satellite Sputnik. Satellite DNAs are present in numerous organisms. They may be found in all eukaryotes.
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Alkali metals
KW  - Satellite DNA
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Centrifuges
KW  - Organisms
KW  - Sputnik satellites
KW  - Eukaryotic cells
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 28050542; Skinner, Dorothy M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Dec1977, Vol. 27 Issue 12, p790; Thesaurus Term: Cesium; Thesaurus Term: Alkali metals; Subject Term: Satellite DNA; Subject Term: Genomes; Subject Term: Centrifuges; Subject Term: Organisms; Subject Term: Sputnik satellites; Subject Term: Eukaryotic cells; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 6703
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - YIM, JOHN J.
AU  - GRELL, E. H.
AU  - JACOBSON, K. BRUCE
T1  - Mechanism of Suppression in Drosophila: Control of Sepiapterin Synthase at the Purple Locus.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1977/12/16/
VL  - 198
IS  - 4322
M3  - Article
SP  - 1168
EP  - 1170
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The amounts of sepiapterin and red pteridine eye pigments (drosopterins) in Drosophila melanogaster are known to be reduced in the purple mutant and restored to normal by a suppressor mutation. We show here that sepiapterin synthase activity is 30 percent of normal in pr and prbw, two naturally occurring alleles of purple, and is restored to nearly normal levels by the suppressor su(s)2. A heterozygote of two newly induced alleles of pr has even lower enzyme activity (< 10 percent). The sepiapterin synthase activity is proportional to the number of wild-type pr alleles inflies when one and two copies ofthe allele are present and is higher in threethan in two-dose flies. We hypothesize that the purple locus may be a structural gene for sepiapterin synthase in Drosophila. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87437087; YIM, JOHN J. 1; GRELL, E. H. 1; JACOBSON, K. BRUCE 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 12/16/1977, Vol. 198 Issue 4322, p1168; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Proceedings of the 6th annual speakeasy conference
JO  - Proceedings of the 6th annual speakeasy conference
JF  - Proceedings of the 6th annual speakeasy conference
Y1  - 1978///
M3  - Report
AB  - This meeting on the speakeasy programming language and its applications included papers on the following subjects: graphics (graphics under speakeasy, speakeasy on a mini, color graphics), time series (oasis--a user-oriented system at usda, writing input-burdened linkules), applications (weather and crop yield analysis system, property investment analysis system), data bases under speakeasy (relational data base, applications of relational data bases), survey analysis (survey analysis package from liege, sic and its future under speakeasy), and new features in speakeasy (partial differential equations, the speakeasy compiler and optimization)
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1502164; Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 1978; Note: Publisher: Argonne National Laboratory; Note: Update Code: 1500; Number of Pages: 149p; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - Jour
AU  - Sacher, G, A.
TI  - Longevity, aging, and death: an evolutionary perspective.
JO  - The Gerontologist
PY  - 1978/01/01/
Y1  - 1978///
Y2  - 1981///
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
SP  - 112
EP  - 120
AD  - Div. of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill.
N1  - Accession Number: 4789. Hard Copy Issue: 1. Hard Copy Number: No. 15. Hard Copy Volume: 17. Document Type: Article
AB  - When viewed in evolutionary perspective, biogerontology becomes primarily the biology of longevity rather than the biology of aging and death. It is shown here that the life-span of mammals is fundamentally related to two quantitative characteristics: a specific measure of relativebrain size, the cephalization coefficient; and a measure of lifetime metabolic activity that has the physical dimensions of action. Recent work by Hart and Setlow (1074) shows that species life-span has a high correlation with the capacity of cultured cells to repair damage to their DNA. As analternative to the widely accepted "senescence gene hypothesis," the hypothesis is proposed here that natural selection acts to maintain and extend mammalian longevity by modifying a set of longevity assurance mechanisms that all mammals have in common. (Journal abstract, edited. Patricia A. Brown.)   
KW  - Aging
KW  - Death
KW  - Longevity
KW  - 3310
KW  - Aging and the Aged
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - swh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creasia, D. A.
T1  - Stimulation of DNA synthesis in lungs of hamsters tolerant to nitrogen dioxide.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1978/01/02/
VL  - 4
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
EP  - 762
SN  - 00984108
AB  - Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is both edematogenic and cytotoxic to the lung. Preexposure to NO 2  protects against mortality from formation of excessive pulmonary edema (tolerance) and, depending on the preexposure schedule, may or may not protect against the cytotoxic effects of NO  2  in the lung. Measurement of DNA synthesis in hamster lung was used to study the question of whether the more subtle cytoiogical injury induced by NO  2  is mediated by a system that also exhibits tolerance. It was found that when hamsters are preexposed daily to 10 ppm NO  2 , they develop tolerance for normally lethal concentrations of NO 2 , are protected against further cytoiogical injury from 10 ppm NO  2 , but are not protected from the cytotoxic effects of NO 2  at concentrations greater than 10 ppm. Animals exposed weekly to 10 ppm NO 2  are not protected from further cytoiogical injury induced by weekly exposures to 10ppm NO 2 , but do develop tolerance for lethal concentrations of NO 2 . Thus, the data indicate that induction of tolerance to NO 2  does not necessarily protect the cell populations of the lung from the cytotoxic effects of NO 2 . [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76196186; Creasia, D. A. 1,2; Source Information: Jan1978, Vol. 4 Issue 5/6, p755; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287397809529697
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schubert, Jack
AU  - Riley, E. Joan
AU  - Tyler, Sylvanus A.
T1  - Combined effects in toxicology‐a rapid systematic testing procedure: Cadmium, mercury, and lead.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1978/01/02/
VL  - 4
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
EP  - 776
SN  - 00984108
AB  - A testing procedure is described for the assessment of the toxicological response (e.g., acute toxcity or mutagenicity) of any combination and number of chemical, physical, and biological agents, with no more effort for a particular combination than for a single agent. The method provides a simple, sensitive, and quantitative index of synergism, antagonism, and additivity, and it has been demonstrated experimentally in rats by determining the acute lethality of combinations of cadmium, mercury, and lead salts. In a combination of two metal salts, the dose of one metal of the pair was fixed at or near the no‐effect level while the dose of the second metal was Increased until the entire dose‐response curve was obtained. To evaluate interactions of the three metals, the previous pair of metals were kept fixed at their combined extrapolated LD1 level, and the third metal was increased. The statistical treatment of the data employed a computer program that did not involve probit transformations, but rather the approximate linear relationship between the fractional response and the logarithm of the dose. A particular combination could be synergistic, antagonistic, or additive, depending on the relative doses employed. Generally, a combination was synergistic when the most toxic member was present at or near its LD1 dose in the presence of the much less toxic member; the same combination was protective when the least toxic member was present at or near its LD1 dose. The results clarify apparently contradictory reports regarding the biological effects of metal combinations. The application of the testing procedure to combinations of mutagens is described, and an example is cited involving, for a particular bacterial mutagen, a combination of N ‐methyl‐N’‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine with ethylmethanesulfonate. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76196187; Schubert, Jack 1; Riley, E. Joan 2; Tyler, Sylvanus A. 3; Source Information: Jan1978, Vol. 4 Issue 5/6, p763; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287397809529698
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wagner, George J.
AU  - Butcher IV,, Henry C.
AU  - Siegelman, Harold W.
T1  - The Plant Protoplast: A Useful Tool for Plant Research and Student Instruction.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1978/02//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 101
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article discusses the use of plant protoplasts in the study of plant biology. The ease of preparation and the lack of cell wall in enzymatically isolated protoplasts it makes it an important tool in the study of plant biology. The uses of plant protoplasts have been listed and discussed elaborately. Some of the uses mentioned include utilization of the plant protoplasts in the production of hybrid plants and in genetic transformation. Plant protoplasts have been mentioned to be of great importance in biosynthesis research, study of stress at the cell level, in the isolation of plant cell organelles, study of intercellular localization and in student instructions of plant cell biology. Its use in the study of cell anatomy, Isolation of vacuoles and osmosis have also been stressed.
KW  - Plant breeding
KW  - Biosynthesis
KW  - Plant protoplasts
KW  - Biology -- Study & teaching
KW  - Plant cells & tissues
KW  - Cell organelles
KW  - Genetic transformation
KW  - Osmosis
KW  - Plant vacuoles
N1  - Accession Number: 28049325; Wagner, George J. 1; Butcher IV,, Henry C. 2; Siegelman, Harold W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; 2 : Department of Biology, Loyola College, 4501 North Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21210;  Source Info: Feb1978, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p95; Thesaurus Term: Plant breeding; Thesaurus Term: Biosynthesis; Subject Term: Plant protoplasts; Subject Term: Biology -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: Plant cells & tissues; Subject Term: Cell organelles; Subject Term: Genetic transformation; Subject Term: Osmosis; Subject Term: Plant vacuoles; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5644
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril D.
T1  - CELL BIOLOGY SYMPOSIUM.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1978/02//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 122
EP  - 124
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "International Cell Biology 1976-1977," edited by B. R. Brinkley and Keith R. Porter.
KW  - Cytology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Brinkley, B. R.
KW  - Porter, Keith R.
KW  - International Cell Biology 1976-1977 (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28049332; Woodhead, Avril D. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Feb1978, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p122; Subject Term: Cytology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 443
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MCLAUGHLIN, STUART
AU  - MCLAUGHLIN, ALAN
T1  - Membranes.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/02/03/
VL  - 199
IS  - 4328
M3  - Article
SP  - 526
EP  - 526
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87460187; MCLAUGHLIN, STUART 1; MCLAUGHLIN, ALAN 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794; 2: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 2/3/1978, Vol. 199 Issue 4328, p526; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Author's Reply.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1978/03//
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 156
EP  - 156
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A response by William S. Hillman to a letter to the editor about his article "Ecofreaks, Technofreaks and One-Armed Biologists," in the May 1977 issue is presented.
KW  - Biologists
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 28050593; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Mar1978, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p156; Thesaurus Term: Biologists; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/9p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 54
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dremin, I. M.
AU  - Quigg, C.
T1  - The Cluster Concept in Multiple Hadron Production.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/03/03/
VL  - 199
IS  - 4332
M3  - Article
SP  - 937
EP  - 941
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The general features of high-energy collisions of elementary particles are outlined. ft is argued that multiple production occurs through the production of hadronic clusters. The history and present status of the cluster concept are surveyed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87460851; Dremin, I. M. 1; Quigg, C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Physicist, P. N. Lebodev Physical Institute, Moscow, U.S.S.R; 2: Theoretical Physicist, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Post Office Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Issue Info: 3/3/1978, Vol. 199 Issue 4332, p937; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - RUNDO, J.
AU  - MARKUN, F.
AU  - SHA, J. Y.
T1  - Postprandial Changes in the Exhalation Rate of Radon Produced in vivo.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/03/17/
VL  - 199
IS  - 4334
M3  - Article
SP  - 1211
EP  - 1212
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The rate of exhalation of radon by persons with long-standing radium burdens increases about twofold shortly after a meal. The increase is short-lived and "normal" values are regained in 1.5 to 2 hours. The effect may account in part for the poor reproducibility in estimates of the freely emanating part of the radium content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87436551; RUNDO, J. 1; MARKUN, F. 1; SHA, J. Y. 1; Affiliations: 1: Center for Human Radiobiology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 3/17/1978, Vol. 199 Issue 4334, p1211; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watson, R. E.
AU  - Perlman, M. L.
T1  - Seeing with a New Light: Synchrotron Radiation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/03/24/
VL  - 199
IS  - 4335
M3  - Article
SP  - 1295
EP  - 1302
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The special properties of synchrotron light are leading to a rapid increase in its utilization for both research and technology. At wavelength in the ultraviolet region of the broad spectrum in these beams a number of atomic molecular, and solid-state spectroscopies are being pursued; soft x-rays are being used for spectroscopy, lithography, microscopy, and topography; at still shorter wavelengths, advantage is taken of scattering properties to probe the structure of matter. Characteristics of synchrotron radiation and of the sources which produce it are described, and some typical investigations and applications are presented to suggest the versatility of these sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87436603; Watson, R. E. 1; Perlman, M. L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973; 2: Senior Chemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973; Issue Info: 3/24/1978, Vol. 199 Issue 4335, p1295; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hartman, Fred C.
T1  - Diverse Applications of Affinity Labels.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1978/04//
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
EP  - 275
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents information on diverse applications of affinity labels. Affinity labeling entails the use of reactive analogs of natural substrates (ligands) to label substrate (ligand) binding sites. Other criteria important in establishing active-site modification by affinity labels are, substrate protection, stoichiometric incorporation and necessity of the native three-dimensional structure for reaction to occur. Recent variations on the traditional approaches to affinity labeling are the use of suicide reagents and photoaffinity labels. The greatest challenge of affinity labeling appears to be in drug design, since the mode of action of many naturally occurring antibiotics and synthetic drugs is via the selective, irreversible inactivation of enzymes.
KW  - Affinity labeling
KW  - Proteins -- Affinity labeling
KW  - Protein binding
KW  - Proteins -- Analysis
KW  - Photoaffinity labeling
KW  - Molecular probes
KW  - Ligands (Biochemistry)
KW  - Binding sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - Cell receptors
N1  - Accession Number: 28050625; Hartman, Fred C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Apr1978, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p270; Subject Term: Affinity labeling; Subject Term: Proteins -- Affinity labeling; Subject Term: Protein binding; Subject Term: Proteins -- Analysis; Subject Term: Photoaffinity labeling; Subject Term: Molecular probes; Subject Term: Ligands (Biochemistry); Subject Term: Binding sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: Cell receptors; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5213
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
AU  - McConathy, R. K.
AU  - Dinger, B. E.
T1  - SEASONAL CHANGES IN RESPIRATORY METABOLISM OF YELLOW-POPLAR (LIRIODENDRON TULIPIFERA) BRANCHES.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
Y1  - 1978/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 334
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218901
AB  - (1) The rates of CO2 and O2 exchange. calculated respiratory quotients. and tissue moisture contents of detached yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) branches were studied during an annual cycle. (2) Average respiration of current year twigs (315 mg CO2 m-2 h-1)was considerably higher during the growing season than that of older branches (175 mg CO2 m-2 h-1). (3) The respiration rates of current year twigs and older branches followed a similar pattern of change during the rowing season. Changes in respiratory quotients agreed well with expected changes in respiratory substrate, based on the phenology of yellow poplar. (4) Changes in respiratory metabolism were significantly correlated with changing moisture content of older tissues, however, distinct seasonal differences in the influence of tissue moisture were noted. (5) The high respiratory activity and large surface area of small branches and twigs indicates that they should be considered important in any attempt to quantify gas exchange and energy flow through forested ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Respiration in plants
KW  - Phenology
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - Twigs
N1  - Accession Number: 12392189; McLaughlin, S. B. 1; McConathy, R. K. 1; Dinger, B. E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Apr78, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p327; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Respiration in plants; Thesaurus Term: Phenology; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; Subject Term: Twigs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KRUGMANN, HARTMUT
AU  - FRIEDMAN, ARNOLD M.
AU  - FRIED, SHERMAN
T1  - Migration of Plutonium in Rock: Incorrect Dispersion Formula.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/04/07/
VL  - 200
IS  - 4337
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 88
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87437100; KRUGMANN, HARTMUT 1; FRIEDMAN, ARNOLD M. 2; FRIED, SHERMAN 2; Affiliations: 1: Centerfor Environmental Studies, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540; 2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 4/7/1978, Vol. 200 Issue 4337, p87; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laughrea, Michael
AU  - Engelman, Donald M.
AU  - Moore, Peter B.
T1  - X-Ray and Neutron Small-Angle Scattering Studies of the Complex between Protein S1 and the 30-S Ribosomal Subunit.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1978/04/17/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
EP  - 534
SN  - 00142956
AB  - X-ray and neutron solution scattering experiments have been done to investigate the influence of the binding of ribosomal protein S1 on the conformation of the 30-S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli. The following conclusions were made. 1. The alterations (if any) in conformation of the non-S1 parts of the 30-S subunit induced by S1 binding are too small to be detected (<0.1 nm change in radius of gyration). 2. The center of gravity of protein S1 bound to the 30-S subunit is quite far from the center of gravity of the particle ( &assymp 7.5 nm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - RIBOSOMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13646820; Laughrea, Michael 1; Engelman, Donald M. 1; Moore, Peter B. 1; Source Information: 4/17/78, Vol. 85 Issue 2, p529; Subject: X-rays; Subject: NEUTRONS; Subject: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject: RIBOSOMES; Subject: PROTEINS; Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Randic, Milan
T1  - Fragment search in acyclic structures
JO  - Journal of Chemical Information & Computer Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chemical Information & Computer Sciences
Y1  - 1978/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 107
SN  - 00952338
AB  - A graph theoretical algorithm is described which allows a search for fragments in acyclic structures. Although the topic discussed in the paper is of limited immediate use, it provides a basis for atom-by-atom matching which may be practical as a large number of unproductive matchings are eliminated from consideration. The approach is based on the concept of atom codes which register the number of neighbors one, two, and more bonds apart. Atom codes provide a means of storing information on a structure (i.e., connectivity) without an explicity use of atom labels. Atom codes also permit assignment of multiple labels to individual vertices based on some specified rules or prescribed properties.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1302913; Randic, Milan 1; Affiliations: 1 : Ames Laboratory, Us Department Of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames;  Source Info: May 1978, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p101; Note: Update Code: 1300; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaserman, David L.
T1  - Evidence on the Decline of FHA.
JO  - Journal of Money, Credit & Banking (Ohio State University Press)
JF  - Journal of Money, Credit & Banking (Ohio State University Press)
Y1  - 1978/05//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
EP  - 205
PB  - Ohio State University Press
SN  - 00222879
AB  - The article reports on the decline of the U.S. Federal Housing Administration's insurance programs. Between 1960 and 1970 there was a decline of over 50% in the insurance contracts written on new and existing units under the unsubsidized Section 203 program. There has been empirical research conducted on the federal government's impact in the market of unsubsidized home mortgage default insurance due to this decline. Results are being used to develop an appropriate thrust for federal policy in the market.
KW  - MORTGAGE life insurance
KW  - MORTGAGE loans
KW  - GOVERNMENT policy
KW  - FEDERAL legislation
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Federal Housing Administration
N1  - Accession Number: 5155886; Kaserman, David L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Economist, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: May78, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p194; Thesaurus Term: MORTGAGE life insurance; Thesaurus Term: MORTGAGE loans; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Thesaurus Term: FEDERAL legislation; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Federal Housing Administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524129 Other direct insurance (except life, health and medical) carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524126 Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 522292 Real Estate Credit; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KERR, G. D.
T1  - Japanese Wartime Nuclear Effort: A Cover-Up?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/05/05/
VL  - 200
IS  - 4341
M3  - Article
SP  - 486
EP  - 486
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87546577; KERR, G. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 5/5/1978, Vol. 200 Issue 4341, p486; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SMITH, JAMES L.
AU  - HAIRE, RICHARD G.
T1  - Superconductivity of Americium.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/05/05/
VL  - 200
IS  - 4341
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
EP  - 537
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The metal americium becomes superconducting at temperatures as high as 0.79 K for the room temperature, double-hexagonal-close-packed phase. We also have evidence of a slightly higher transition temperature for the face-centered-cubic phase. This discovery of super conductivity in the midst of nonsuperconducting manmade elements is somewhat surprising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87546592; SMITH, JAMES L. 1; HAIRE, RICHARD G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 5/5/1978, Vol. 200 Issue 4341, p535; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asbury, Joseph G.
T1  - The reading table.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1978/06//
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 63
EP  - 63
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews several books including "Rays of Hope: The Transition to a Post-Petroleum World," by Denis Hayes, "What is the World Made Of? Atoms, Leptons, Quarks and Other Tantalizing Particles," by Gerald Feinberg, and "Opportunities for Disarmament: A Preview of the 1978 United Nations Special Session on Disarmament," edited by Jane M.O. Sharp.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HAYES, Denis
KW  - FEINBERG, Gerald
KW  - SHARP, Jane M. O.
KW  - RAYS of Hope: The Transition to a Post-Petroleum World (Book)
KW  - WHAT Is the World Made Of? Atoms, Leptons, Quarks & Other Tantalizing Particles (Book)
KW  - OPPORTUNITIES for Disarmament: A Preview of the 1978 United Nations Special Session on Disarmament (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21656521; Asbury, Joseph G. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jun1978, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p63; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BENNETT, G. W.
AU  - RCHAMBEAU, J.O.
AU  - ARCHAMBEAU, B. E.
AU  - MELTZER, J. I.
AU  - WINGATE, C. L.
T1  - Visualization and Transport of Positron Emission from Proton Activation in vivo.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/06/09/
VL  - 200
IS  - 4346
M3  - Article
SP  - 1151
EP  - 1153
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Heavy charged particle beams can be widely used for cancer therapy if control in heterogeneous tissue is proved practical. A beam of protons at 200 million electron volts has been visualized in plastic and in a living animal by using an on-line positron camera. The fraction of the activity retained in the radiation site was found to be at least 70 percent of that produced in a dead animal. The sensitivity of the technique was established for a typical geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87477418; BENNETT, G. W. 1; RCHAMBEAU, J.O. 2; ARCHAMBEAU, B. E. 3; MELTZER, J. I. 4; WINGATE, C. L. 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Nuclear Energy, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Department of Radiation Oncology, City ofHope Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010; 3: University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; 4: Department of Radiation Oncology, Nassau County Medical Center, East Meadow, New York 11554; 5: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11790; Issue Info: 6/9/1978, Vol. 200 Issue 4346, p1151; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BROMLEY, D. ALLAN
AU  - FESHBACH, HERMAN
AU  - GARVEY, GERALD T.
AU  - HYDE, EARL
AU  - KELLER, O. LEWIN
AU  - WENESER, JOSEPH
T1  - Physicists Postpone Visit to Soviet Union.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/06/16/
VL  - 200
IS  - 4347
M3  - Article
SP  - 1220
EP  - 1222
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85218513; BROMLEY, D. ALLAN 1; FESHBACH, HERMAN 2; GARVEY, GERALD T. 3; HYDE, EARL 4; KELLER, O. LEWIN 5; WENESER, JOSEPH 6; Affiliations: 1: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; 2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139; 3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 4: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; 5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 6: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973; Issue Info: 6/16/1978, Vol. 200 Issue 4347, p1220; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CUTSHALL, NORMAN H.
AU  - NAIDU, JANAKIRAM R.
AU  - PEARCY, WILLIAM G.
T1  - Mercury Concentrations in Pacffic Hake, Merluccius productus (Ayres), as a Function of Length and Latitude.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/06/30/
VL  - 200
IS  - 4349
M3  - Article
SP  - 1489
EP  - 1491
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Mercury concentrations in Pacific hake increase with fish size and with the latitude of collection. While the mercury-size trend is consistent with data for other species, the latitudinal trend is opposite to that reported for other fishes over the same geographical area. Consequently, latitudinal trends of mercury concentrations in fishes do not necessarily indicate trends of mercury concentrations in water. Food habits and metabolism may cause the observed variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87460256; CUTSHALL, NORMAN H. 1; NAIDU, JANAKIRAM R. 2; PEARCY, WILLIAM G. 3; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973; 3: School ofOceanography, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331; Issue Info: 6/30/1978, Vol. 200 Issue 4349, p1489; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ohler, C. L.
AU  - Marks, P. L.
AU  - Sprugel, D. G.
T1  - STAND STRUCTURE AND ALLOMETRY OF TREES DURING SELF-THINNING OF PURE STANDS.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1978/07//
VL  - 66
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 599
EP  - 614
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00220477
AB  - (I) Stand structure and mean weight-density relations of nearly pure, dense, even-aged, natural stands of Prunus pensylvanica and Abies balsamea in the north-eastern U.S.A. were examined and related to allometric growth. Values for the exponents of allometric and mean weight-density equations were estimated by principal components analysis of logarithmically transformed data. (2) It is proposed that soon after a stand of woody plants becomes established the size-frequency distribution is a negatively skewed, bell-shaped curve; the distribution subsequently becomes positively skewed, and eventually approaches normality after substantial thinning. Maximum positive skewness occurs at the time self-thinning begins.. (3) The weight-frequency distribution undergoes a parallel series of stages: roughly normal at first, but quickly changing to lognormal, with maximum skewness attained at the time thinning begins. These curve-forms are proposed only as approximations to empirically observed distributions. A consistent tendency toward bimodality is one commonly-observed departure from the idealized distributions. (4) The calculated exponents of the mean weight-density equations for Prunus pensylvanica and Abies balsamea were -1.46 and -1.22, as compared to the proposed value of -1.5 (-3/2 power `law' of self-thinning. In general, weight changes in plant parts during self-thinning did not parallel those for whole plants; in particular, the mean weight-density exponent for foliage was approximately -1.0. The exponents of mean weight-density equations for total roots and total shoots, however, approximately equalled the exponent for whole plants. (5) It is concluded that observed patterns of allometric growth are incompatible with mean weight-density equations for whole plants. unless a mutual adjustment between allometry and stand structure is assumed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Prunus
KW  - Woody plants
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Allometry
KW  - Balsam fir
KW  - Rejuvenescence (Botany)
N1  - Accession Number: 14184741; ohler, C. L. 1; Marks, P. L. 1; Sprugel, D. G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.; 2: Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jul78, Vol. 66 Issue 2, p599; Thesaurus Term: Prunus; Thesaurus Term: Woody plants; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Subject Term: Allometry; Subject Term: Balsam fir; Subject Term: Rejuvenescence (Botany); NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultheisz, Robert J.
AU  - Walker, Donald F.
AU  - Kannan, Kay L.
T1  - Design and Implementation of an On-line Chemical Dictionary (CHEMLINE).
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Y1  - 1978/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 179
SN  - 00028231
AB  - CHEMLINE, the chemical nomenclature adjunct file to TOXLINE, was designed and implemented through a three step process. The file was first available for on-line interactive searching in January 1974 as the TOXLINE Chemical Dictionary using the STIMS/RECON software system. The second version was available from the National Library of Medicine (IMLM) using the ELH1LL2 software system. The third version is currently available from the NLM using the ELHILL3 software system. The file content was determined by the availability of data and the needs of the TOXLINE users. The data in CHEMLINE is obtained from the CAS Registry system files. The organization of the file was based on the requirements of the three search and retrieval systems. Changes in file structures required evaluation of the data and the development of new specifications prior to creating the file in each software system. Techniques for creating inverted file terms for search purposes from chemical names, molecular formula, ring information, and Wis-wesser Line Notations are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Information Science is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - COMPUTER files
N1  - Accession Number: 16816251; Schultheisz, Robert J. 1; Walker, Donald F. 1; Kannan, Kay L. 2; Affiliations: 1: National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20014.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830.; Issue Info: Jul1978, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p173; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER files; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MCNULTY, P. J.
AU  - PEASE, V. P.
AU  - BOND, V. P.
T1  - Visual Phenomena Induced by Relativistic Carbon Ions With and Without Cerenkov Radiation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/07/28/
VL  - 201
IS  - 4353
M3  - Article
SP  - 341
EP  - 343
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Exposing the human eye to individual carbon ions (6C+) moving at relativistic speeds results in visual phenomena that include point flashes, streaks, and larger diffuse flashes. The diffuse flashes have previously been observed by astronauts in space but not in laboratory experiments with particles of high atomic number and energy. They are observed only when the nucleus moves fast enough to generate Cerenkov radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87461044; MCNULTY, P. J. 1; PEASE, V. P. 1; BOND, V. P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Departments of Physics and Social Sciences, Clarkson College, Potsdam, New York 13676; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 7/28/1978, Vol. 201 Issue 4353, p341; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sacher, George A.
T1  - Longevity and Aging in Vertebrate Evolution.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1978/08//
VL  - 28
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
EP  - 501
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article provides information about research on the process of aging. Ontogeny of physiological and biochemical aging is found by the comparison of specific functions or structures in old and young animals. Brain weight, body weight, specific metabolic rate, body temperature, conductivity and lower critical temperature have been taken as variables for conducting experiments to find out the allometry of the life span of mammals. The relationship between lifespan and cephalization coefficient, aging and the rate of entropy production have been discussed. According to a hypothesis, aging and disease in living organisms are caused due to the action of senescence genes that have accumulated either by natural selection or by random drift processes inaccessible to natural selection.
KW  - Aging -- Research
KW  - Life spans (Biology)
KW  - Animals -- Longevity
KW  - Ontogeny
KW  - Mammal physiology
KW  - Allometry
KW  - Genes
KW  - Old age
KW  - Longevity
N1  - Accession Number: 28049929; Sacher, George A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.;  Source Info: Aug1978, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p497; Subject Term: Aging -- Research; Subject Term: Life spans (Biology); Subject Term: Animals -- Longevity; Subject Term: Ontogeny; Subject Term: Mammal physiology; Subject Term: Allometry; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Old age; Subject Term: Longevity; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5405
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goudsmit, Samuel
T1  - Scientists under Hitler: Politics and the Physics Community in the Third Reich.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1978/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 47
EP  - 49
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews the book "Scientists under Hitler: Politics and the Physics Community in the Third Reich," by Alan D. Beyerchen.
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - BEYERCHEN, Alan D.
KW  - SCIENTISTS Under Hitler: Politics & the Physics Community in the Third Reich (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21656533; Goudsmit, Samuel 1,2; Affiliations: 1 : Chairman, Physics department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; 2 : University of Nevada, Reno;  Source Info: Sep1978, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p47; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - De Volpi, Alex
T1  - Soft on proliferation?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1978/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 62
EP  - 63
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The author reflects on the articles on proliferation, which were published in the March issue of the "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists." He criticized that all three articles regarding proliferation failed to acknowledge the underlying effects of arms race upon the promulgation of nuclear weapons. He also criticized the suggestion of John Holdren regarding fusion power.
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - Influences of other nations on national decisions
KW  - Oil and other commodities or resources
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
N1  - Accession Number: 21656543; De Volpi, Alex 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Sep1978, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p62; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Influences of other nations on national decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oil and other commodities or resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LARSEN, R. P.
AU  - OLDHAM, R. D.
T1  - Plutonium in Drinking Water: Effects of Chlorination on Its Maximum Permissible Concentration.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/09/15/
VL  - 201
IS  - 4360
M3  - Article
SP  - 1008
EP  - 1009
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Soluble plutonium is oxidized to the Pu(VI) oxidation state by chlorine during water treatment. Under certain conditions Pu(VI) is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It appears that due consideration has not been given to the effect that the presence of plutonium in this oxidation state may have on the maximum permissible concentration of plutonium in drinking water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87546597; LARSEN, R. P. 1; OLDHAM, R. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 9/15/1978, Vol. 201 Issue 4360, p1008; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, R. V.
AU  - Vinikour, W. S.
AU  - Brower, J. E.
T1  - The distribution of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the biota of two freshwater sites with different trace metal inputs.
JO  - Holarctic Ecology
JF  - Holarctic Ecology
Y1  - 1978/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 384
SN  - 01059327
AB  - The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were determined in the abiotic and biotic components at two sites in the Fox River, Illinois. Analysis of the metals was completed on solutions of wet ashed or dry ashed samples with a single beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Despite different inputs of the trace metals there were no significant differences in the concentration of Cu or Zn in the biota between the two sites. This was postulated to be due to physiological control of these metals. However, Cd and Pb concentrations were higher in the biota and substrate at the high input site. No accumulation of Cd or Pb occurred at higher trophic levels. Cu and Zn concentrations were similar for all biota with the exception of crayfish and snails which had higher Cu and Zn concentrations, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Holarctic Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Metals
KW  - Freshwater organisms
KW  - Spectrophotometers
KW  - Rivers -- Illinois
KW  - Illinois
N1  - Accession Number: 18535124; Anderson, R. V. 1; Vinikour, W. S. 2; Brower, J. E. 3; Affiliations: 1: Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; 3: Equitable Environmental Health Inc., Woodbury; Issue Info: 1978, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p377; Thesaurus Term: Metals; Thesaurus Term: Freshwater organisms; Subject Term: Spectrophotometers; Subject Term: Rivers -- Illinois; Subject: Illinois; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fassel, Velmer A.
T1  - Quantitative Elemental Analyses by Plasma Emission Spectroscopy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/10/13/
VL  - 202
IS  - 4364
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 191
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85218564; Fassel, Velmer A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Deputy Director of Ames Laboratory and Professor, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; Issue Info: 10/13/1978, Vol. 202 Issue 4364, p183; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CAMPBELL, T. COLIN
AU  - COHEN, BERNARD L.
T1  - Saccharin, Cancer, and Calories.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/10/20/
VL  - 202
IS  - 4365
M3  - Article
SP  - 260
EP  - 262
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85233187; CAMPBELL, T. COLIN 1; COHEN, BERNARD L. 2,3,4; Affiliations: 1: Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; 2: Department of Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260; 3: Department of Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260; 4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 10/20/1978, Vol. 202 Issue 4365, p260; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Wagner, George J.
T1  - Author's Reply.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1978/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 11
M3  - Letter
SP  - 681
EP  - 681
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A response by George J. Wagner to a letter to the editor about his article "The Plant Protoplast: A Useful Tool For Plant Research and Student Instruction" in the February 1978 issue is presented.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Protoplasts
N1  - Accession Number: 28050745; Wagner, George J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Nov1978, Vol. 28 Issue 11, p681; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Protoplasts; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 277
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PERLMAN, MORRIS L.
T1  - National Synchrotron Light Source Project.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/11/03/
VL  - 202
IS  - 4367
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
EP  - 470
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85218622; PERLMAN, MORRIS L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 11/ 3/1978, Vol. 202 Issue 4367, p469; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Link, Gerhard
AU  - Kidd, George H.
AU  - Richter, Gerhard
AU  - Bogorad, Lawrence
T1  - Structural Relationships Among the Multiple Forms of DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase II from Cultured Parsley Cells.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1978/11/15/
VL  - 91
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 368
SN  - 00142956
AB  - DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (or B) was purified from cultured parsley cells, and its molecular structure was examined in detail. Upon centrifugation through glycerol gradients, RNA polymerase II sediments as a single band with an apparent sedimentation constant of 15 S. No contamination with RNA polymerases I or III could be detected when the activity of purified RNA polymerase II was assayed in the presence of high concentrations of α-amanitin. Analysis of purified RNA polymerase II by nondenattiring and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that this enzyme exists in multiple forms. They were designated IIO, IIA, and IIB. It is suggested that each form has a subunit of Mr = 140000 as well as smaller polypeptides in common. They differ, however, in the molecular weights of their largest subunits which is 220000 in form IIO, 200000 in form IIA, and 180000 in form IIB. These large subunits were labelled with 125I, digested with trypsin, and tryptic digests were compared by two-dimensional analysis on thin-layer plates [Elder et al. (1977) J. Biol. Chem. 252, 6510–6515]. Fingerprints of tryptic digests from the polypeptides with Mr = 220000, Mr = 200000, and Mr = 180000 were similar. It is, therefore, suggested that these subunits are structurally related. A tryptic digest was also produced from the subunit with Mr = 140000. Its fingerprint was found to yield a considerably different distribution of peptides as compared to those from the three large subunits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - PARSLEY
KW  - PLANT cells & tissues
KW  - CELL culture
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - AMANITINS
KW  - POLYACRYLAMIDE gel electrophoresis
N1  - Accession Number: 13696376; Link, Gerhard 1; Kidd, George H. 2; Richter, Gerhard 3; Bogorad, Lawrence 1; Source Information: 11/15/78, Vol. 91 Issue 2, p363; Subject: RNA polymerases; Subject: PARSLEY; Subject: PLANT cells & tissues; Subject: CELL culture; Subject: MOLECULAR structure; Subject: AMANITINS; Subject: POLYACRYLAMIDE gel electrophoresis; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Larson, Steven
AU  - Hamilton, Glen
AU  - Richards, Powell
AU  - Ritchie, James
T1  - Kit-labeled technetium-99m red blood cells (Tc-99m-RBC's) for clinical cardiac chamber imaging.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1978/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 231
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71142171; Larson, Steven; Hamilton, Glen; Richards, Powell 1; Ritchie, James 1; Source Information: Dec1978, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p227; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00251397
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanathanan, Lalitha
AU  - Blumenthal, Saul
T1  - The Logistic Model and Estimation of Latent Structure.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1978/12//
VL  - 73
IS  - 364
M3  - Article
SP  - 794
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Consider the logistic model for dichotomous response involving a group of individuals with varying levels of ability and a set of items with varying degrees of difficulty. This article is concerned with estimating the parameters of the latent ability distribution for any given group of individuals. An iterative procedure for obtaining maximum likelihood estimates of these parameters based on the missing information principle is presented and illustrated with real data. The article also contains results on asymptotic variances and covariances of estimators and a discussion of the use of ability distributions in comparing groups of individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - PARAMETER estimation
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - VARIANCES
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - LOGISTIC distribution (Probability)
KW  - LATENT structure analysis
KW  - Ability distribution.
KW  - Item analysis
KW  - Latent structure estimation
KW  - Logistic model
KW  - Maximum likelihood method
KW  - Missing information principle
N1  - Accession Number: 4605632; Sanathanan, Lalitha 1; Blumenthal, Saul 2; Affiliations: 1: Visiting Mathematician, Environmental Impact Studies Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.; 2: Professor, Department of Mathematics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.; Issue Info: Dec78, Vol. 73 Issue 364, p794; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: PARAMETER estimation; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: VARIANCES; Thesaurus Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: LOGISTIC distribution (Probability); Subject Term: LATENT structure analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ability distribution.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Item analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latent structure estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Logistic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maximum likelihood method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Missing information principle; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McBride, J. P.
AU  - Moore, R. E.
AU  - Witherspoon, J. P.
AU  - Blanco, R. E.
T1  - Radiological Impact of Airborne Effluents of Coal and Nuclear Plants.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1978/12/08/
VL  - 202
IS  - 4372
M3  - Article
SP  - 1045
EP  - 1050
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85218756; McBride, J. P. 1; Moore, R. E. 2; Witherspoon, J. P. 2; Blanco, R. E. 3; Affiliations: 1: Research staff member of the Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Research staff members of the Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 3: Manager of Radioactive Waste Management Research and Development Programs, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 12/ 8/1978, Vol. 202 Issue 4372, p1045; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hof, J. Van't
AU  - Bjerknes, C. A.
T1  - Chromosomal DNA Replication in Higher Plants.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1979/01//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 22
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article describes the chromosomal DNA fiber autoradiography technique that uses light microscopy to examine chromosomal DNA replication in higher plants. Higher plants appear to have a common replicon size, and they also have a slower fork rate than either bacteria or mammalian cells when grown at optimal temperatures. An entire chromosome of bacteria has but one replicon, whereas a single chromosome of eukaryotes has a multitude of tandem replicons. A replicon has three parts: an origin where replication begins and two forks that diverge from the origin in opposite directions. If two neighboring replicons start replication at the same time before the pulse, the movement of the four forks along the parental DNA is recorded by four arrays of grains on the autoradiogram.
KW  - Nucleic acids
KW  - Chromosome replication
KW  - Plant gene mapping
KW  - Plant genetics
KW  - Autoradiography
KW  - Plant chromosomes
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - Genes
KW  - Eukaryotic cells
N1  - Accession Number: 28050808; Hof, J. Van't 1; Bjerknes, C. A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Jan1979, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p18; Thesaurus Term: Nucleic acids; Subject Term: Chromosome replication; Subject Term: Plant gene mapping; Subject Term: Plant genetics; Subject Term: Autoradiography; Subject Term: Plant chromosomes; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Eukaryotic cells; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3898
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kitchell, James F.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Webb, David
AU  - Gallepp, George W.
AU  - Bartell, Steven M.
AU  - Koonce, Joseph F.
AU  - Ausmus, Beverly S.
T1  - Consumer Regulation of Nutrient Cycling.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1979/01//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
EP  - 34
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article examines the ways consumers influence nutrient cycling through physical or chemical processes not directly reflected in energy flow. Examples are drawn primarily from studies of phosphorus cycling in temperate lakes and from studies of nitrogen and cation cycling in deciduous forests. Mobility and longevity of consumer organisms permit translocation and storage of nutrients within the physical structure of the ecosystem. Transformation of particle size distribution alters rates of nutrient cycling in proportion to changes in surface or volume relationships. Translocation by mobile consumers redistributes nutrients within and between subunits of the ecosystem.
KW  - Plant nutrients
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Nutrient cycles
KW  - Chemical processes
KW  - Biological control systems
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Particle size distribution
KW  - Forest biodiversity
KW  - Physical sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 28050810; Kitchell, James F. 1; O'Neill, Robert V. 2; Webb, David 3; Gallepp, George W. 1; Bartell, Steven M. 4; Koonce, Joseph F. 5; Ausmus, Beverly S. 6; Affiliations: 1 : Laboratory of Limnology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706; 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; 3 : Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840; 4 : Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29801; 5 : Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106; 6 : Ecology and Ecosystems Analysis, Battelle-Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210;  Source Info: Jan1979, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p28; Thesaurus Term: Plant nutrients; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Nutrient cycles; Thesaurus Term: Chemical processes; Thesaurus Term: Biological control systems; Thesaurus Term: Microorganisms; Thesaurus Term: Particle size distribution; Thesaurus Term: Forest biodiversity; Thesaurus Term: Physical sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 6128
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Postol, Theodore
T1  - The Fight Over Nuclear Energy/Energy or Extinction.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/01//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 44
EP  - 45
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reviews several books including "The Fight Over Nuclear Energy," by Fred H. Schmidt and David Bodansky, and "Energy or Extinction," by Fred Hoyle.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SCHMIDT, Fred H.
KW  - BODANSKY, David
KW  - HOYLE, Fred
KW  - FIGHT Over Nuclear Energy, The (Book)
KW  - ENERGY or Extinction? The Case for Nuclear Energy (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 21596031; Postol, Theodore 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Ill.;  Source Info: Jan1979, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p44; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Cohen, Bernard L.
T1  - A few numbers.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/01//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 63
EP  - 63
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article supplements Lawrence Badash's rejection of the use of nuclear energy. He stated that a one-megaton bomb effects about 110 pounds of fission products, whereas a 1,000 MWe nuclear plant emits 3,800 pounds. In a bomb explosion, the first 10 days is considered the most dangerous period. A calculation of radiation is also presented.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - BOMBS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - BADASH, Lawrence
N1  - Accession Number: 21596042; Cohen, Bernard L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jan1979, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: BOMBS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BROACH, ROBERT W.
AU  - SCHULTZ, ARTHUR J.
AU  - WILLIAMS, JACK M.
AU  - BROWN, GEORGE M.
AU  - MANRIQUEZ, JUAN M.
AU  - FAGAN, PAUL J.
AU  - MARKS, TOBIN J.
T1  - Molecular Structure of an Unusual Organoactinide Hydride Complex Determined Solely by Neutron Diffraction.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/01/12/
VL  - 203
IS  - 4376
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
EP  - 174
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The structure of an unusual organometallic complex, {Th[(CH3)5C5]2 H(μ-H)12 . C6H5CH3, has been determined from neutron diffraction data, using only the direct-methods program MULTAN. Besides providing accurate metrical information on the first organometallic actinide hydride complex, these results have general andfar-reaching implications concerning the complexity and size of crystal structures that can be elucidated solely on the basis of neutron diffraction data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85218887; BROACH, ROBERT W. 1; SCHULTZ, ARTHUR J. 1; WILLIAMS, JACK M. 1; BROWN, GEORGE M. 2; MANRIQUEZ, JUAN M. 3; FAGAN, PAUL J. 3; MARKS, TOBIN J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 3: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201; Issue Info: 1/12/1979, Vol. 203 Issue 4376, p172; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BROWNE, CAROLE L.
AU  - WILEY, H. STEVEN
AU  - DUMONT, JAMES N.
T1  - Oocyte-Follicle Cell Gap Junctions in Xenopus laevis and the Effects of Gonadotropin on Their Permeability.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/01/12/
VL  - 203
IS  - 4376
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
EP  - 183
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Junctions between Xenopus laevis oocytes and follicle cells have been identified as gap junctions by the passage of microinjectedfluorescent dye from oocytes tofollicle cells. The opening or assembly of thesejunctions, or both, appears to be regulated by gonadotropins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85218891; BROWNE, CAROLE L. 1; WILEY, H. STEVEN 1; DUMONT, JAMES N. 2; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 1/12/1979, Vol. 203 Issue 4376, p182; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Randic, Milan
T1  - Graph-based fragment searches in polycyclic structures
JO  - Journal of Chemical Information & Computer Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chemical Information & Computer Sciences
Y1  - 1979/02//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 31
SN  - 00952338
AB  - A procedure for substructure search in polycyclic systems based upon the concept of atom codes and their comparison is outlined. The atom codes used represent the number of paths of different length originated at each atom. This scheme represents an extension to polycyclic structures of a recently described algorithm for fragment searches in acyclic structures. The basic idea of using the number of neighbors and number of paths for characterization of an atomic environment is not unfamiliar. However, it appears that the accompanying formalism has not been developed previously. The path concept has found much application in various problems relating graphs and structures, but previously the primary emphasis has been the search for shortest paths. Here we show it is useful to list all paths (to any desired depth) for all atoms in a structure and then to use such a list for substructure searches. Essentially, comparison of the lists of paths for two graphs permits establishing compatibilities among the vertices and results in assignment of multiple labels to the graphs under investigation, where the labels are those of the fragment. subsequent atom-by-atom matching is straightforward and efficient, since the use os multiple labeling prevents a large number of otherwise unproductive searches from even being considered. By successive registration of a fragment, vertices whose labels have been exhausted are delected and the process repeated on a smaller graph with fewer multiple labels-which makes possible rapid convergence in the search. This search procedure is illustrated with an example.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1400799; Randic, Milan 1; Affiliations: 1 : Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames;  Source Info: February 1979, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p23; Note: Update Code: 1400; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Radic, Milan
T1  - Graph theoretical approach to recognition of structural similarity in molecules
JO  - Journal of Chemical Information & Computer Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chemical Information & Computer Sciences
Y1  - 1979/02//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 37
SN  - 00952338
AB  - In many applications, one is faced with the problem of identifying similar structural forms. This usually performed in an intuitive manner and the outcome may be ambiguous. Here a well-defined approach for determing the degree of similarity among structures (molecular skletons and more general graphs) is suggested. We selected paths in a structures as the invariants upon which comparisons among structures should be based. For each structure, one first enumarates paths of different length and constructs a sequence of path numbers for the toms (verticles). From such a list of atom codes, one can derive, by summing the contributions of individuals atoms, a sequence of path numbers for a molecule (or graph). The comparison of structures, thus, can be transformed into a comparison of sequences which are suitable for rigorous mathematical analysis. It is assumed that similar sequences imply similar structures, and, for selected examples, the validity of this assumption has been demonstrated. Molecules, generally considered smimilar, have been found to have similar sequences of path numbers, and molecules differing considerably in their connectivity show large differences in their path numbers. As an illustration of the concept of similarity based on path enumerations, we consider the problem of selecting from a set of structures those most similar to naturally occuring monocyclic monoterpenes. We used available computer-generated hypothetical monocyclic monoterpenes. The movie for this comparison is the assumption that potentially interesting skeletal forms should show considerable similarity to those found in natural structures. such a technique may be of particular use in problems of chemical taxonomy.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1400800; Radic, Milan 1; Affiliations: 1 : Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames;  Source Info: February 1979, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p31; Note: Update Code: 1400; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Fossum, Steve1
AU  - Carrigan Jr., Richard A.2
AU  - Johnson, Evan V.3,4
AU  - Hubbard, John R.5
AU  - Taylor, E. B.
AU  - Berka, L. H.6
T1  - Scientists weigh the merits of the metric system: the beauty of decimals, 'Base 60,' 'relax and enjoy it'.
JO  - Chronicle of Higher Education
JF  - Chronicle of Higher Education
J1  - Chronicle of Higher Education
PY  - 1979/02/20/
Y1  - 1979/02/20/
VL  - 17
IS  - 23
CP  - 23
M3  - Letter
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
SN  - 00095982
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to the article about the evaluation of the metric system by Anne C. Roark in the January 1979 issue.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Metric system
N1  - Accession Number: 21497353; Authors: Fossum, Steve 1; Carrigan Jr., Richard A. 2; Johnson, Evan V. 3,4; Hubbard, John R. 5; Taylor, E. B.; Berka, L. H. 6; Affiliations:  1: Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Menomonie, Wis.;  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Ill.;  3: Director, Northeast Metric Resource Center;  4: Coordinator, Northeast  Regional Metrics Action Council, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass.;  5: Associate Professor of Mathematics, Lycoming College, Williamport, Pa;  6: Associate Professor of Chemistry, Worcester, Mass.; Subject: Letters to the editor; Subject: Metric system; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Record Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lls
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, K. D.
AU  - Nicklin, E. H.
AU  - Paulson, A. S.
T1  - Comment on 'Estimating Mixtures of Normal Distributions and Switching Regressions'
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1979/03//
VL  - 74
IS  - 365
M3  - Article
SP  - 52
SN  - 01621459
AB  - In this article the authors present their views on a paper titled "Estimating Mixtures of Normal Distributions and Switching Regressions," by Richard E. Quandt and James B. Ramsey. Whereas it is generally well-known that the method of moments does not provide estimators which are sta- tistically appealing and sometimes not at all in this case, it is reasonable to expect that consideration of only the first five moments or cumulants may result in a considerable loss of information. Sample moment generating functions are much smoother than sample characteristic functions and this would seem prima fade to constitute a decided advantage. The approach of Quandt and Ramsey espouses the solution by choosing those values of the parameters which minimize the distance for fixed k. The authors have chosen k = 5. There are several serious difficulties with this procedure. The optimal choice of the k = 5 points depends on the five unknown parameters. Hence the placement of the five points is critical for estimation.
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - GAUSSIAN distribution
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - GENERATING functions
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 4613043; Kumar, K. D. 1; Nicklin, E. H. 2; Paulson, A. S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Statistical Consultant, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37830.; 2: Statistical Consultant, General Foods Corporation, 250 North Street, White Plains, NY 10625.; 3: Associate Professor of Operations Research and Statistics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12181.; Issue Info: Mar1979, Vol. 74 Issue 365, p52; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: GAUSSIAN distribution; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Thesaurus Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Subject Term: GENERATING functions; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HANSON, RUSSELL F.
AU  - SZCZEPANIK-VANLEEUWEN, PATRICIA
AU  - WILLIAMS, GALE C.
AU  - GRABOWSKI, GREGORY
AU  - SHARP, HARVEY L.
T1  - Defects of Bile Acid Synthesis in Zellweger's Syndrome.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/03/16/
VL  - 203
IS  - 4385
M3  - Article
SP  - 1107
EP  - 1108
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Abnormal mitochondrial structure and function have been documented in patients with Zellweger's syndrome (cerebrohepatorenal syndrome). In vitro studies have suggested that the formation of C24 bile acids (chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid) from C27 cholesterol requires mitochondrial oxidative cleavage of the terminal three carbons of the side chain. Therefore, three patients with Zellweger's syndrome were examined for the presence of mitochondrial defects in bile acid synthesis. All three excreted excessive amounts of 3 α,7 α-dihydroxy-5 β-cholestan-26-oic acid, 3 α,7 α,12 α-trihydroxy-5 β-cholestan-26-oic acid, and 3 α,7 α,12 α24ξ-tetrahydroxy- 5 β-cholestan-26-oic acid (varanic acid), precursors of chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid that have undergone only partial side chain oxidation. These findings give added support to the role of mitochondrial oxidative side chain cleavage in the overall scheme of bile acid synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85199482; HANSON, RUSSELL F. 1; SZCZEPANIK-VANLEEUWEN, PATRICIA 2; WILLIAMS, GALE C. 3; GRABOWSKI, GREGORY 4; SHARP, HARVEY L. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455; 2: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 3: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School; 4: Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School; Issue Info: 3/16/1979, Vol. 203 Issue 4385, p1107; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BONDIETTI, E. A.
AU  - FRANCIS, C. W.
T1  - Geologic Migration Potentials of Technetium-99 and Neptunium-237.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/03/30/
VL  - 203
IS  - 4387
M3  - Article
SP  - 1337
EP  - 1340
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Relatively mobile TcO4- and NpO2+ can be chemically reduced to less soluble oxidation states in the presence of igneous rocks, as predicted by oxidationreduction measurements. Current risk assessments, which consider technetium and neptunium as potentially capable of migrating from high-level radioactive waste repositories, may be overestimating their potential hazard to the public since the Fe(II) content of many subsurface waters may maintain these elements in less soluble oxidation states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85199568; BONDIETTI, E. A. 1; FRANCIS, C. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 3/30/1979, Vol. 203 Issue 4387, p1337; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hull, Andrew P.
T1  - Increased Life Expectancy Offsets Energy Gains from Dieters.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1979/05//
VL  - 69
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 514
EP  - 515
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "The Energy Cost of Overweight in the United States," by Timothy G. Lohman and Bruce M. Hannon in the August 1978 issue.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Overweight persons
N1  - Accession Number: 23094606; Hull, Andrew P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Safety & Environmental Protection Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc. Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: May79, Vol. 69 Issue 5, p514; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Overweight persons; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, C. W.
AU  - Narayan, J.
AU  - Young, R. T.
T1  - Laser Annealing of Ion-Implanted Semiconductors.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/05/04/
VL  - 204
IS  - 4392
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
EP  - 468
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85195444; White, C. W. 1; Narayan, J. 1; Young, R. T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Staff Members, Solid State Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 5/ 4/1979, Vol. 204 Issue 4392, p461; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sacher, George A.
T1  - BASIC BIOGERONTOLOGY TEXT FILLS GAP BETWEEN LAY AND TECHNICAL BOOKS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1979/06//
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 371
EP  - 371
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Biology of Aging," edited by John A. Behnke, Caleb E. Finch, and Gairdner B. Moment.
KW  - Life sciences
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Behnke, John A.
KW  - Finch, Caleb E.
KW  - Moment, Gairdner B.
KW  - Biology of Aging, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050859; Sacher, George A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Biological & Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439;  Source Info: Jun1979, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p371; Thesaurus Term: Life sciences; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 905
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ELLIS, KENNETH J.
AU  - VARTSKY, DAVID
AU  - ZANZI, ITALO
AU  - COHN, STANTON H.
AU  - YASUMURA, SEIICHI
T1  - Cadmium: In vivo Measurement in Smokers and Nonsmokers.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/07/20/
VL  - 205
IS  - 4403
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 325
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Absolute amounts of cadmium (in milligrams) in the left kidney and concentrations of cadmium (micrograms per gram) in the liver were measured in vivo in 20 healthy adult male volunteers. Organ cadmium levels of smokers were significantly elevated above those of nonsmokers. No relationship was evident between body stores of cadmium (liver and kidney) and cadmium or f3rmicroglobulin in urine or blood. The average total body burden of cadmium in man at age 50 is estimated to be 19.3 milligrams for nonsmokers and 35.5 milligrams for smokers (38.7 pack-year smoking history). Biological half-time for the whole body was, on average, 15.7 years (10- to 33-year range). Dietary absorption was 2.7 micrograms per.day. Cigarette smoking resulted in the absorption of 1.9 micrograms per pack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85268981; ELLIS, KENNETH J. 1; VARTSKY, DAVID 1; ZANZI, ITALO 1; COHN, STANTON H. 1; YASUMURA, SEIICHI 2; Affiliations: 1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Department of Physiology, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203; Issue Info: 7/20/1979, Vol. 205 Issue 4403, p323; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril
T1  - HISTORY OF THEORIES ABOUT CANCER GENESIS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1979/08//
VL  - 29
IS  - 8
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 486
EP  - 486
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Genesis of Cancer: A Study in the History of Ideas," by L. J. Rather.
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Rather, L. J.
KW  - Genesis of Cancer: A Study in the History of Ideas, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050894; Woodhead, Avril 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Aug1979, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p486; Subject Term: Cancer; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 617
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yarosh, Daniel
T1  - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TEXT.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1979/08//
VL  - 29
IS  - 8
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 488
EP  - 488
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Basic Molecular Biology," by Fred W. Price.
KW  - Molecular biology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Price, Fred W.
KW  - Basic Molecular Biology (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050897; Yarosh, Daniel 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Aug1979, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p488; Thesaurus Term: Molecular biology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 507
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AU  - Carney, Janet
T1  - The ORNL Residential Energy-Use Model: Structure and Results.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1979/08//
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 333
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - This article discusses the structure, inputs, validation and operation of the ORNL residential energy-use model. The technology submodels evaluate changes in equipment energy requirements and purchase price as functions of alternative designs. In a similar fashion, changes in thermal performance for new and existing structures were evaluated as functions of increased capital cost for each housing type. The economic submodels calculate elasticities that determine the responsiveness of households to changes in incomes, fuel prices, and equipment prices. Elasticities are calculated for each of the three major household fuels for each of the eight end uses. Each fuel price and income elasticity is decomposed into three components, such as equipment ownership, equipment and structure efficiencies, and equipment usage. Households respond to changes in fuel prices in three different ways. In the sort run, they change the way in which they operate existing stocks of equipment and structures. In the long run, they also change their capital stocks by switching from one fuel to another, by improving the efficiency of their capital stocks, or both. Thus, the elasticity of demand for a particular fuel with respect to the price of that fuel can be decomposed into usage elasticity, equipment fuel choice elasticity and technical energy intensiveness elasticity.
KW  - Electricity
KW  - Technology
KW  - Capital costs
KW  - Housing
KW  - Elasticity (Economics)
N1  - Accession Number: 5362437; Hirst, Eric 1; Carney, Janet 1; Affiliations: 1: Member of the research staff, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Aug79, Vol. 55 Issue 3, p319; Thesaurus Term: Electricity; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Subject Term: Capital costs; Subject Term: Housing; Subject Term: Elasticity (Economics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 624229 Other Community Housing Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AU  - Hannon, Bruce
T1  - Effects of Energy Conservation in Residential and Commercial Buildings.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/08/17/
VL  - 205
IS  - 4407
M3  - Article
SP  - 656
EP  - 661
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85269061; Hirst, Eric 1; Hannon, Bruce 2; Affiliations: 1: Staff, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Member, Energy Research Group, Office of the Vice-Chancellor for Research, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801; Issue Info: 8/17/1979, Vol. 205 Issue 4407, p656; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ANFINSEN, CHRISTIAN B.
AU  - CHAMBERLAIN, OWEN
AU  - DELBRÜCK, MAX
AU  - FLORY, PAUL J.
AU  - MCMILLAN, EDWIN M.
T1  - Scientific Ties and Human Rights.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/08/31/
VL  - 205
IS  - 4409
M3  - Article
SP  - 854
EP  - 855
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85269127; ANFINSEN, CHRISTIAN B. 1; CHAMBERLAIN, OWEN 2; DELBRÜCK, MAX 3; FLORY, PAUL J. 4; MCMILLAN, EDWIN M. 5; Affiliations: 1: National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205; 2: University of California, Berkeley 94720; 3: Argonne National Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60439; 4: Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; 5: University of California, Berkeley; Issue Info: 8/31/1979, Vol. 205 Issue 4409, p854; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MORSE, JOHN W.
AU  - MUCCI, ALFONSO
AU  - WALTER, LYNN M.
AU  - KAMINSKY, MANFRED S.
T1  - Magnesium Interaction with the Surface of Calcite in Seawater.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/08/31/
VL  - 205
IS  - 4409
M3  - Article
SP  - 904
EP  - 905
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Magnesian calcite overgrowth containing 4 (± 2) mole percent magnesium carbonate forms on calcite exposed to natural seawater near the ocean surface. This magnesian calcite is approximately 30 percent less soluble in seawater than pure calcite. The formation of the magnesian calcite of reduced solubility may have a major influence on calcite accumulation in deep sea sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85269153; MORSE, JOHN W. 1; MUCCI, ALFONSO 1; WALTER, LYNN M. 2; KAMINSKY, MANFRED S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; 2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 8/31/1979, Vol. 205 Issue 4409, p904; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - De Volpi, A.
T1  - More on thorium cycles and nuclear proliferation.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 57
EP  - 59
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents the author's views about the article "Thorium Cycles and Proliferation," by Amory Lovins that was published in the journal "The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists." Lovins in his article implies that the technical utility of uranium-233 as a fission-explosive is limited only by its supply. The author finds this to be incorrect; as there are technical barriers against application of any fissile material to explosive purposes.
KW  - URANIUM enrichment
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - URANIUM isotopes
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - LOVINS, Amory B., 1947-
N1  - Accession Number: 24226904; De Volpi, A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Reactor Analysis and Safety Division, Argonne National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Sep1979, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p57; Subject Term: URANIUM enrichment; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: URANIUM isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Temperature Sensitivity of Daily Respiratory Patterns Entrained through Phytochrome Action in <em>Lemna paucicostata</em> Strain 6746.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1979/09//
VL  - 47
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
EP  - 60
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The respiration rate of heterotrophic <em>Lemna paucicostata</em> Hegelm. 6746 cultures at 26-27°C and given a brief pulse of red light, assumes patterns with properties dependent on the nitrogen source supplied. In a search for conditions specifically affecting features of those patterns expressing photoperiodic timing, their amplitudes have been measured as relative peak height (RPH) -- the increased height at the daily peak as a proportion of the average daily minimum -- at both 21°C and 28°C. On nitrate, ammonium or aspartate medium, RPH is reduced roughly 70% at 21°C as compared to 28°C, but on nitrogen-deficient medium the reduction is only 20-30%. Yet growth and the actual intensity of respiration are not differently temperature sensitive on NO3 and N-deficient media. Nor does RPH itself correlate with growth rate. Previous evidence indicates that patterns on NO3 and NH4 media reflect photoperiodic timing and that those on aspartate and N- deficient media do not; hence the temperature sensitivity of RPH does not correlate with whether or not a pattern reflects photoperiodic timing. However, different daily patterns are elicited by pulses of red or far-red on NO3, NH4, and aspartate media but not on the N-deficient. Hence the temperature sensitivity of RPH does correlate with the degree to which the patterns distinguish between red and far-red, which is to say between high and low levels of Pfr-phytochrome. This suggests that high temperature sensitivity in RPH reflects a reaction limited by N assimilation and saturating only at relatively high levels of Pfr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lemna paucicostata
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Ammonium
KW  - Temperature sense
KW  - Phytochromes
KW  - Plant pigments
N1  - Accession Number: 15935087; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y. 11973, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Sep79, Vol. 47 Issue 1, p56; Thesaurus Term: Lemna paucicostata; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Ammonium; Subject Term: Temperature sense; Subject Term: Phytochromes; Subject Term: Plant pigments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenstein, Barry
T1  - MECHANISMS OF CELL CHANGE.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1979/10//
VL  - 29
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 616
EP  - 616
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Mechanisms of Cell Change," edited by James D. Ebert and Tokindo S. Okada.
KW  - Cell differentiation
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Ebert, James D.
KW  - Okada, Tokindo S.
KW  - Mechanisms of Cell Change (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050914; Rosenstein, Barry 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Oct1979, Vol. 29 Issue 10, p616; Subject Term: Cell differentiation; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 663
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lounsbury, John W.
AU  - Sundstrom, Eric
AU  - DeVault, Robert C.
T1  - Moderating Effects of Respondent Knowledge in Public Opinion Research.
JO  - Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - Journal of Applied Psychology
Y1  - 1979/10//
VL  - 64
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 558
EP  - 563
SN  - 00219010
AB  - Surveying 288 residents of a small community where a nuclear power plant is under construction, this study examined the relationship of residents' knowledge about the installation and (a) acceptance of the nuclear plant and (b) perceived likelihood of potential effects of the plant. Results of standardized home interviews by local interviewers showed no differences between low- and high-knowledge groups in either acceptance of the plant or perceived likelihood of effects. However, as hypothesized, the correlations between acceptance and perceived likelihood of three groups of effects (social disruption, hazards, and economic benefit) were higher for residents with high knowledge than for those with low knowledge. The implications of the moderating effects of respondent knowledge in public opinion research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Psychology is the property of American Psychological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - PUBLIC opinion
KW  - DESIGN & construction
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - RESPONDENTS
KW  - RESIDENTS
N1  - Accession Number: 5112785; Lounsbury, John W. 1; Sundstrom, Eric 1; DeVault, Robert C. 2; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Oct79, Vol. 64 Issue 5, p558; Thesaurus Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion; Subject Term: DESIGN & construction; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: RESPONDENTS; Subject Term: RESIDENTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - POSTOL, THEODORE A.
T1  - The Incident in Chelyabinsk.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/10/19/
VL  - 206
IS  - 4416
M3  - Article
SP  - 326
EP  - 327
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85136716; POSTOL, THEODORE A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 10/19/1979, Vol. 206 Issue 4416, p326; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, Jefferson T.
AU  - Ferrante, John G.
T1  - Zooplankton Fecal Pellets in Aquatic Ecosystems.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1979/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 670
EP  - 677
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents detailed information on zooplankton fecal pellets in aquatic ecosystems. A growing body of evidence suggests that fecal pellets of crustacean zooplankton may provide a mechanism by which organic and inorganic materials are packaged and translocated to the deep portions of lakes and oceans. In the pelagic zones of oceans and lakes, zooplankton are the most numerically abundant form of animal biomass and this almost certainly makes them the major fecal pellet-producing organisms. Assimilation of food by zooplankton is often incomplete and there are reports of viable passage of phytoplankton through the guts and into the fecal pellets of both marine and freshwater zooplankton.
KW  - Zooplankton
KW  - Aquatic ecology
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Inorganic compounds
KW  - Lakes
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Crustacea
KW  - Marine zooplankton
KW  - Freshwater zooplankton
N1  - Accession Number: 28049977; Turner, Jefferson T. 1; Ferrante, John G. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Assistant professor with the Biology Department, Southeastern Massachusetts University, North Dartmouth, MA 02747; 2 : Assistant scientist with the Environmental Impacts Studies Division, Argonne National Laboratory. 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439;  Source Info: Nov1979, Vol. 29 Issue 11, p670; Thesaurus Term: Zooplankton; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic ecology; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Inorganic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Lakes; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Subject Term: Crustacea; Subject Term: Marine zooplankton; Subject Term: Freshwater zooplankton; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 7381
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Brien, John N.
T1  - Regulating nuclear security.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/11//
VL  - 35
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 58
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on the security of nuclear energy generation facilities in the U.S. Security in the commercial nuclear energy industry is being upgraded by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The industry is being affected with this upgrade as the responsibility on nuclear facilities for security has also increased. While, according to the utilities nuclear security is industrial security, it is national security according to the Commission. Based on experience, the industry executives do not see the threat as a very alarming one. They say that hydroelectric dams are more vulnerable to malevolent acts.
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants -- Security measures
KW  - NUCLEAR industry
KW  - SECURITY management
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - HYDROELECTRIC power plants
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - Role of business in national decisions
KW  - U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
N1  - Accession Number: 24226965; O'Brien, John N. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Member, Technical Support Organization for Nuclear Safeguards, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.;  Source Info: Nov1979, Vol. 35 Issue 9, p57; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants -- Security measures; Subject Term: NUCLEAR industry; Subject Term: SECURITY management; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL safety; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: HYDROELECTRIC power plants; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Role of business in national decisions; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fainberg, Anthony
T1  - More on Three Mile island.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/11//
VL  - 35
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 65
EP  - 65
SN  - 00963402
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to another letter to the editor about the Three Mile Island radioactive release by Rudi Nussbaum in the September 1979 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
N1  - Accession Number: 24226969; Fainberg, Anthony 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Nov1979, Vol. 35 Issue 9, p65; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Lagarias, J. C.;
AU  - Goff, D.;
AU  - Rapoport, H.;
T1  - Cyclopeptide alkaloids. Phencyclopeptines from Ceanothus sanguineus
CT  - Cyclopeptide alkaloids. Phencyclopeptines from Ceanothus sanguineus
JO  - Journal of Natural Products (USA)
JF  - Journal of Natural Products (USA)
Y1  - 1979/11/01/
VL  - 42
IS  - Nov-Dec
SP  - 663
EP  - 668
SN  - 01633864
AD  - Dept. of Chem. and Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
N1  - Accession Number: 18-02978; Language: English; References: 12; Journal Coden: JNPRDF; Section Heading: Pharmacognosy; Pharmaceutical Chemistry
N2  - Five phencyclopeptines were isolated from the crude alkaloidal extracts of Ceanothus sanguineus by high performance liquid chromatography and identified by field desorption mass spectrometry.
KW  - Ceanothus sanguineus--constituents--alkaloids, chromatography, liquid, spectrometry, mass, isolation and identification;
KW  - Alkaloids--Ceanothus sanguineus--constituents, chromatography, liquid, spectrometry, mass, isolation and identification;
KW  - Chromatography, liquid--Ceanothus sanguineus--constituents, alkaloids, isolation;
KW  - Spectrometry, mass--Ceanothus sanguineus--constituents, alkaloids, identification;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HIRST, ERIC
T1  - Understanding Energy Conservation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/11/02/
VL  - 206
IS  - 4418
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 515
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85437556; HIRST, ERIC 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37803; Issue Info: 11/ 2/1979, Vol. 206 Issue 4418, preceding p515; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, S. C.
AU  - Moskowitz, P. D.
AU  - Sevian, W. A.
AU  - Silberstein, S.
AU  - Hamilton, L. D.
T1  - Coal Conversion Technologies: Some Health and Environmental Effects.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/11/09/
VL  - 206
IS  - 4419
M3  - Article
SP  - 654
EP  - 662
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85158994; Morris, S. C. 1; Moskowitz, P. D. 1; Sevian, W. A. 1; Silberstein, S. 1; Hamilton, L. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Members, Staff, Biomedical and Environmental Assessment Division, Office of Environmental Policy, National Center for Analysis of Energy Systems, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 11/ 9/1979, Vol. 206 Issue 4419, p654; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ASBURY, J. G.
AU  - MASLOWSKI, C.
AU  - MUELLER, R. O.
T1  - Solar Availability for Winter Space Heating: An Analysis of SOLMET Data, 1953 to 1975.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/11/09/
VL  - 206
IS  - 4419
M3  - Article
SP  - 679
EP  - 681
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Solar availability for space heating on coldest-weather days has been determined from an analysis of SOLMET data tapes. The tapes contain hourly readings of insolation and ambient temperature over the periodfrom 1953 through 1975. Scatter diagrams of insolation versus heating degree-days, compiled on a daily basis, indicate a wide variation in the insolation level, even during coldest-weather periods. For all but one of the eight sites studied, the peak-day backup energy requirement of the solar system was in excess of 85 percent of the peak-day energy requirement of the conventional (nonsolar) heating system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85159011; ASBURY, J. G. 1; MASLOWSKI, C. 1; MUELLER, R. O. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 11/ 9/1979, Vol. 206 Issue 4419, p679; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HARBOTTLE, GARMAN
AU  - SAYRE, E. V.
AU  - STOENNER, R. W.
T1  - Carbon-14 Dating of Small Samples by Proportional Counting.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/11/09/
VL  - 206
IS  - 4419
M3  - Article
SP  - 683
EP  - 685
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Conventional carbon-14 dating by means of gas proportional counters has been extended to samples containing as little as 10 milligrams of carbon. The accuracy of the dating procedure has been checked by dating sequoia tree-ring samples of the 1st century A.D. and B.C. and an oak tree-ring sample of the 19th century A.D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85159013; HARBOTTLE, GARMAN 1; SAYRE, E. V. 1; STOENNER, R. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 11/ 9/1979, Vol. 206 Issue 4419, p683; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - JANOFF, A.
AU  - CARP, H.
AU  - LEE, D. K.
AU  - DREW, R. T.
T1  - Cigarette Smoke Inhalation Decreases αl-Antitrypsin Activity in Rat Lung.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1979/12/14/
VL  - 206
IS  - 4424
M3  - Article
SP  - 1313
EP  - 1314
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Brief inhalation exposure of rats to three or six puffs of cigarette smoke significantly decreases elastase inhibitory capacity per milligram of a,-antitrypsin in lung lavage fluid. This effect is not observed in ozone-tolerant rats and can be reversed by treating the lung lavage fluid from smoke-exposed rats vith reducing agents. Samples of human serum obtained immediately after smoking also show decreased elastase inhibitory capacity per milligram of ca,-antitrypsin. Again, elastase inhibitory capacity can be restored by treatment with a reducing agent. Cigarette smoking may cause emphysema by inactivating a1-antitrypsin through oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85195997; JANOFF, A. 1; CARP, H. 1; LEE, D. K. 1; DREW, R. T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794; 2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 12/14/1979, Vol. 206 Issue 4424, p1313; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Carroll, Bonnie Talmi
AU  - Maskewitz, Bette F
AU  - Caroll, B
T1  - Information analysis centers
JO  - Information analysis centers
JF  - Information analysis centers
Y1  - 1980///
M3  - Book
AB  - The authors have followed the development of 'information analysis centers' (iacs) from their beginning in the activities of the president's science advisory committee of the early 1960s. The report of the committee, popularly known as the weinberg report, made recommendations that included the establishment of iacs as a key solution to the information explosion crisis. The authors cover an 18-year perspective of iacs, focusing on both the conceptual and the practical aspects of centers and their operations. The definitions, concepts, relationship to other organizations in the information-transfer process, and management problems of iacs are emphasized.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA4103043896; Carroll, Bonnie Talmi 1; Maskewitz, Bette F 2; Caroll, B 1; Affiliations: 1 : Franklin Research Center, Oak Ridge, Tn; 2 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN;  Source Info: 1980; Note: Update Code: 1600; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane
T1  - REHASHING THE DEBATE OVER RECOMBINANT DNA RESEARCH.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1980/02//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 115
EP  - 115
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Recombinant DNA Debate," edited by David A. Jackson and Stephen P. Stich.
KW  - Recombinant DNA
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Jackson, David A.
KW  - Stich, Stephen P.
KW  - Recombinant DNA Debate (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050966; Setlow, Jane 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Feb1980, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p115; Subject Term: Recombinant DNA; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 905
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Dale W.
T1  - STUDYING NORTHERN HARDWOOD ECOSYSTEMS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1980/02//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 116
EP  - 116
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Pattern and Process in a Forested Ecosystem," by F. H. Bormann and G. E. Likens.
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Bormann, F. Herbert, 1922-2012
KW  - Likens, G. E.
KW  - Pattern & Process in a Forested Ecosystem (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050968; Johnson, Dale W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Feb1980, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p116; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 538
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Novelli, G. David
T1  - TRANSFER RNA.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1980/02//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 118
EP  - 118
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Transfer RNA," edited by Sidney Altman.
KW  - Transfer RNA
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Altman, Sidney
KW  - Transfer RNA (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050970; Novelli, G. David 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box Y Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Feb1980, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p118; Subject Term: Transfer RNA; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 570
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlson, R. Douglas
T1  - STUDYING CHROMATIN.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1980/02//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 119
EP  - 120
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Chromatin Structure and Function," Volume 1 "Molecular and Cellular Biophysical Methods," Volume 2 "Levels of Organization and Cell Function," edited by Claudio A. Nicolini.
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Nicolini, Claudio A.
KW  - Chromatin Structure & Function: Molecular & Cellular Biophysical Methods (Book)
KW  - Chromatin Structure & Function: Levels of Organization & Cell Function (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050972; Carlson, R. Douglas 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Feb1980, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p119; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 943
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenstein, Barry
T1  - CELL BIOLOGY TEXT.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1980/03//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 182
EP  - 182
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Cell Biology," by Gerald Karp.
KW  - Cytology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Karp, Gerald
KW  - Cell Biology (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28049076; Rosenstein, Barry 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Mar1980, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p182; Subject Term: Cytology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 706
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fainberg, Anthony
T1  - Ground rules for the power debate.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/03//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
EP  - 46
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article provides some suggestions given by the author for increasing the productivity of nuclear power debate. In such debates, arguments about health hazards to radiation workers must be considered in the same manner that one considers the health hazards to coal miners from pneumoconiosis. Moreover, in such debates, the possibilities of mass deaths from fission power must be weighed against the possibilities of mass deaths and catastrophic loss of property caused by the increase in the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The author argues that a reasonable set of ground rules should be agreed upon in order to make such debates reach fruition.
KW  - DEBATES & debating
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - HEALTH
KW  - RADIATION workers
KW  - COAL miners
KW  - LUNGS -- Dust diseases
KW  - DEATH
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Oil and other commodities or resources
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - Relative role of rational and irrational factors
N1  - Accession Number: 24227033; Fainberg, Anthony 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Mar1980, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p44; Subject Term: DEBATES & debating; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: HEALTH; Subject Term: RADIATION workers; Subject Term: COAL miners; Subject Term: LUNGS -- Dust diseases; Subject Term: DEATH; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oil and other commodities or resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relative role of rational and irrational factors; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HAYATSU, RYOICHI
AU  - WINANS, RANDALL E.
AU  - SCOTT, ROBERT G.
AU  - MCEBTH, ROBERT L.
AU  - MOORE, LEON P.
AU  - STUDIER, MARTIN H.
T1  - Phenolic Ethers in the Organic Polymer of the Murchison Meteorite.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/03/14/
VL  - 207
IS  - 4436
M3  - Article
SP  - 1202
EP  - 1204
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Seven phenolic acids and many nonphenolic organic acids, including large amounts of meta-hydroxy (3-hydroxy) benzoic acid and 3-hydroxy-1,5-benzenedicarboxylic acid, were obtained from the organic polymer of the Murchison C2 chondrite upon oxidation with alkaline cupric oxide. The phenolic acids apparently were derived from phenolic ethers in the polymer, which in turn probably were formed from carbon monoxide and hydrogen by catalytic Fischer-Tropsch type reactions in the solar nebula. In contrast, terrestrial polymers such as lignin, humic acid, and coal yield mainly para-hydroxy (4-hydroxy) benzene derivatives by the same oxi- dation procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85196075; HAYATSU, RYOICHI 1; WINANS, RANDALL E. 1; SCOTT, ROBERT G. 1; MCEBTH, ROBERT L. 1; MOORE, LEON P. 1; STUDIER, MARTIN H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 3/14/1980, Vol. 207 Issue 4436, p1202; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MCCAUGHAN, LEON
AU  - KRIMM, S.
T1  - X-ray and Neutron Scattering Density Profiles of the Intact Human Red Blood Cell Membrane.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/03/28/
VL  - 207
IS  - 4438
M3  - Article
SP  - 1481
EP  - 1483
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Hemoglobin-free human red blood cell membranes have been prepared with glutaraldehyde to maintain an intact structure on partial dehydration. Treatment of resealed ghosts with poly(L-lysine) produced an essentially constant structural unit and permitted correlation of electron microscopy results with x-ray and neutron diffraction profiles. -These profiles provide detailed information, for the intact membrane, on the location and relative distribution of lipids and proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85266519; MCCAUGHAN, LEON 1,2; KRIMM, S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Biophysics Research Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York Jl973; 3: Biophysics Research Division, University of Michigan; Issue Info: 3/28/1980, Vol. 207 Issue 4438, p1481; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Marsh, G. E.
AU  - Stanford, G. S.
AU  - De Volpi, A.
AU  - Postol, T. A.
T1  - Fallout from the Progressive H-bomb.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/04//
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 64
EP  - 65
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article reports that a bill currently before Morris Udall's Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs is containing a potentially serious erosion of constitutional protection in the United States. The proposed amendment to the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 would extend criminal penalties to private individuals deriving and publishing restricted data. It argues that the secrecy provisions of the act, even in current form, are broader than is necessary for protecting sensitive information.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy -- Law & legislation
KW  - LEGISLATIVE bills
KW  - NUCLEAR energy -- Government policy
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UDALL, Morris
N1  - Accession Number: 24227089; Marsh, G. E. 1; Stanford, G. S. 1; De Volpi, A. 1; Postol, T. A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Apr1980, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p64; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: LEGISLATIVE bills; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy -- Government policy; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shugart, Jr., H. H.
AU  - West, D. C.
T1  - Forest Succession Models.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1980/05//
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 313
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents information on different models for studying forest succession. Recently, ecologists interested in studying succession began using mathematical models of forest dynamics. By the early 1960s, forest biologists at several institutions were using digital computers to design mathematical models of changes in forest composition. It is stated that simulations in the early 1960s were primarily aimed at production budgets, element cycling in plant-soil systems, and trophic-level dynamics. Three forest simulation models discussed in the article include Tree models, Gap models, and Forest models. Tree models take the individual tree as the basic unit of a forest simulator.
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Ecological succession
KW  - Forest dynamics
KW  - Forest ecology
KW  - Trees
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Computer simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 28050011; Shugart, Jr., H. H. 1; West, D. C. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Senior research staff member at the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; 2 : Research staff member at the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: May1980, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p308; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Ecological succession; Thesaurus Term: Forest dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Forest ecology; Thesaurus Term: Trees; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Mathematical models; Subject Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Computer simulation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5920
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Rosenberg, S
T1  - An expertise based energy information system
JO  - Rep. No: IR 008 667
JF  - Rep. No: IR 008 667
Y1  - 1980/05//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - This paper describes an intelligent decision support system for information on petroleum resources and use currently being designed by the information methodology research project as the first step in the development of a comprehensive intelligent information system for dealing with energy resources in the united states. The system draws on artificial intelligence technology both in the design of the reasoning and representation components and in the computer language.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1603458; Rosenberg, S 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: May 1980; Note: Update Code: 1600; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lyon, W S
T1  - Organization, attendance, speakers, and sessions: a study of four scientific conference series
JO  - Scientometrics
JF  - Scientometrics
Y1  - 1980/05//
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 226
SN  - 01389130
AB  - An international atomic energy agency (iaea) conference series on neutron activation analysis (naa) in life sciences has been compared to another iaea conference series and to two other conference series. No great differences in multiple attendees, speakers, chairmen, or diversity of session subject was seen. The naa meetings do not appear to be less formalized than the others
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1502091; Lyon, W S 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tn;  Source Info: May 1980, Vol. 2 Issue 3, p215; Note: Update Code: 1500; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PLEBAN, PATRICIA
AU  - ELLIS, KENNETH J.
T1  - Cadmium Concentrations in Blood.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/05/02/
VL  - 208
IS  - 4443
M3  - Article
SP  - 520
EP  - 520
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85159232; PLEBAN, PATRICIA 1; ELLIS, KENNETH J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemical Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23508; 2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 5/ 2/1980, Vol. 208 Issue 4443, p520; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - POSTOL, THEODORE A.
AU  - DYSON, FREEMAN J.
AU  - MCCLAIN, E. PAUL
AU  - STRATTON, WILLIAM R.
T1  - Radioactivity in the Urals.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/05/16/
VL  - 208
IS  - 4445
M3  - Article
SP  - 652
EP  - 655
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85159273; POSTOL, THEODORE A. 1; DYSON, FREEMAN J. 2; MCCLAIN, E. PAUL 3; STRATTON, WILLIAM R. 4; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey 08540; 3: National Environmental Satellite Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C. 20233; 4: Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544; Issue Info: 5/16/1980, Vol. 208 Issue 4445, p652; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - QUIGG, CHRIS
T1  - High Energy Physics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/05/30/
VL  - 208
IS  - 4447
M3  - Article
SP  - 1025
EP  - 1026
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85159375; QUIGG, CHRIS 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Issue Info: 5/30/1980, Vol. 208 Issue 4447, p1025; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanford, G. S.
T1  - Will we perish if we publish?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 64
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents the author's comments on the article "Some Reflections on The Progressive Case: Publish and Perish," by L.H. Tribe and D.H. Remes in the March 1980 issue of the periodical "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists." Tribe and Remes have assumed that the nuclear age presents a basic conflict between survival and a free press. They have used the term "nuclear power" to encompass both civil and military applications of nuclear fission and fusion.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - TRIBE, L. H.
KW  - REMES, D. H.
KW  - BULLETIN of the Atomic Scientists (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 24227134; Stanford, G. S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Jun1980, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p62; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Court, Gary J.
T1  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND TRANSLOCATION STUDIES OF LAURENCIA SPECTABILIS AND ITS SYMBIONT JANCZEWSKIA GARDNERI (RHODOPHYCEAE).
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1980/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
EP  - 279
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The symbiotic association between the supposed parasite Janczewskia gardneri Setchell & Guernsey and its host Laurencia spectabilis Postels & Ruprecht was investigated. Mature plants of J. gardneri were pigmented, contained "typical" red algal chloroplasts when viewed by electron microscopy, and were capable of photosynthesis. Both J. gardneri and L. spectabilis incorporated [SUP14]C-label from NaH[SUP14]CO[SUB3] into similar compounds, including sugars (floridoside, isofloridoside, galactose, glucose) and amino acids (alanine, aspartic acid, glutomic acid, glycine, serine). Translocation of [SUP14]C-labeled photosynthetic products between mature J. gardneri and its host did not occur. This research suggests that mature individuals of J. gardneri are obligate epiphyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Laurencia
KW  - Red algae
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Parasites
KW  - Epiphytes
KW  - abligate epiphyte
KW  - Floridoside
KW  - host
KW  - Janczewskia
KW  - parasite
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - Rhodophyta
KW  - translocation
N1  - Accession Number: 11436992; Court, Gary J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973.; Issue Info: Jun80, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p270; Thesaurus Term: Laurencia; Thesaurus Term: Red algae; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Parasites; Thesaurus Term: Epiphytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: abligate epiphyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Floridoside; Author-Supplied Keyword: host; Author-Supplied Keyword: Janczewskia; Author-Supplied Keyword: parasite; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodophyta; Author-Supplied Keyword: translocation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11436992
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Cerny, B A
T1  - Development of a political science thesaurus
JO  - Development of a political science thesaurus
JF  - Development of a political science thesaurus
Y1  - 1980/06/05/
M3  - Book
AB  - The procedures used in developing a political science thesaurus for use by the doe technical information center and the executive office of the president information center are described. The classification scheme for terms in the political science thesaurus is given in an appendix, but only a one-page sample of the thesaurus itself is shown.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1804547; Cerny, B A 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Jun. 5, 1980; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 59p; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trabalka, John R.
AU  - Eyman, L. Dean
AU  - Auerbach, Stanley I.
T1  - Analysis of the 1957-1958 Soviet Nuclear Accident.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/07/18/
VL  - 209
IS  - 4454
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 353
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85196258; Trabalka, John R. 1; Eyman, L. Dean 2; Auerbach, Stanley I.; Affiliations: 1: Research Staff Member, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Consultant on Environmental Effects of Energy Technologies, 5 Longview Knoll, Iowa City, Iowa 52240; Issue Info: 7/18/1980, Vol. 209 Issue 4454, p345; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.
T1  - User's guide to the lbl mathematical software core library
JO  - Rep. No: NTIS: LBL-11463
JF  - Rep. No: NTIS: LBL-11463
Y1  - 1980/08//
M3  - Book Chapter
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1702408; California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.; Source Info: Aug. 1980; Note: Update Code: 1700; Number of Pages: 57p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SMITH, S. L.
AU  - CODISPOTI, L. A.
T1  - Southwest Monsoon of 1979: Chemical and Biological Response of Somali Coastal Waters.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/08//8/ 1/1980
VL  - 209
IS  - 4456
M3  - Article
SP  - 597
EP  - 600
SN  - 00368075
AB  - In 1979 two areas of upwelling were observed off Somalia, one near 10°N and one near 5°N. The areas of upwelling were characterized by sea surface temperatures between 17° and 22°C, high concentrations of surface nutrients (5 to 20 micromoles of nitrate per liter) and surface chlorophyll a (0.4 to 5.0 milligrams per cubic meter), primary productivity averaging 1.7 grams of carbon per square meter per day, and a phytoplankton assemblage dominated numerically by the diatom Nitzschia delicatissima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85196368; SMITH, S. L. 1; CODISPOTI, L. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Oceanographic Sciences Divison, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay Harbor, Maine 04575; Issue Info: 8/ 1/1980, Vol. 209 Issue 4456, p597; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BESMANN, THEODORE M.
AU  - OLSZEWSKI, MITCHELL
T1  - Power Wheeling.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/08/29/
VL  - 209
IS  - 4460
M3  - Article
SP  - 966
EP  - 966
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85196514; BESMANN, THEODORE M. 1; OLSZEWSKI, MITCHELL 1; Affiliations: 1: Program Planning and Analysis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 8/29/1980, Vol. 209 Issue 4460, p966; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Just, Richard E.
AU  - Chern, Wen S.
T1  - Tomatoes, technology, and oligopsony.
JO  - Bell Journal of Economics
JF  - Bell Journal of Economics
Y1  - 1980/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 584
EP  - 602
SN  - 0361915X
AB  - This paper draws on the theory of monopsony and oligopsony to develop an empirical test for the presence of the market power where an exogenous shock on the relevant market may be observed. An application of this test is demonstrated for the tomato processing industry, where the exogenous shock is created by the introduction of mechanical harvesting technology. The results are remarkably consistent with oligopsonistic dominant firm-price leadership. Statistical tests suggest rejection of the null hypothesis of competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MONOPSONIES
KW  - TOMATO industry
KW  - VEGETABLE trade
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - FOOD industry
KW  - HARVESTING
N1  - Accession Number: 5749065; Just, Richard E. 1; Chern, Wen S. 2; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Berkeley.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Autumn80, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p584; Thesaurus Term: MONOPSONIES; Thesaurus Term: TOMATO industry; Thesaurus Term: VEGETABLE trade; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Thesaurus Term: FOOD industry; Subject Term: HARVESTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311991 Perishable Prepared Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111219 Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111419 Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover; NAICS/Industry Codes: 445230 Fruit and Vegetable Markets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424480 Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glaser, Ronald E.
T1  - Bathtub and Related Failure Rate Characterizations.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1980/09//
VL  - 75
IS  - 371
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Sufficient conditions are obtained that ensure that a lifetime density has a bathtub-shaped failure rate. Analogous conditions handle increasing, decreasing, and upside-down bathtub-shaped failure rates. Application of these results to exponential families of densities is particularly straightforward and effective. Examples are furnished that introduce new bathtub models and illustrate the use of the general results for existing models. Examples involving mixtures are also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME series analysis
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - LINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - EXPONENTIAL families (Statistics)
KW  - FAILURE time data analysis
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - and upside-down bathtub-shaped failure rates
KW  - bathtub-shaped
KW  - decreasing
KW  - Exponential family of densities
KW  - Increasing
KW  - Mixture.
N1  - Accession Number: 4600489; Glaser, Ronald E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Mathematician, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550.; Issue Info: Sep80, Vol. 75 Issue 371, p667; Thesaurus Term: TIME series analysis; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: EXPONENTIAL families (Statistics); Subject Term: FAILURE time data analysis; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Author-Supplied Keyword: and upside-down bathtub-shaped failure rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: bathtub-shaped; Author-Supplied Keyword: decreasing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exponential family of densities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Increasing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixture.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - REVIEW OF DATA RELATED TO ENERGY USE IN RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1980/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 857
EP  - 870
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - This paper reviews data dealing with energy use in residential and commercial buildings and their determinants. Three types of data are discussed: data prepared by and for the federal government on overall trends in buildings energy use, data prepared by and for the federal government related to the details of energy use, and data collected at the state and utility level. The major conclusion from this review is that existing national data sources are inadequate for answering the kinds of questions being raised on buildings energy use and conservation. These questions concern overall trends, recent changes, determinants of changes, roles of the private sector and government intervention in implementing conservation measures, and the effectiveness of different kinds of government programs. Relevant data are being collected by many state energy offices and by gas and electric utilities. However, the existence of these potentially-useful subnational data sources is not widely known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - COMMERCIAL buildings
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - PETROLEUM industry
KW  - GAS industry
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - DWELLINGS
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - GAS as fuel
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - ENERGY
KW  - Industries -- Electric
KW  - Industries -- Petroleum/ Natural Gas
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7347856; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Sep80, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p857; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY consumption; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: COMMERCIAL buildings; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY policy; Thesaurus Term: PETROLEUM industry; Thesaurus Term: GAS industry; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: DWELLINGS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: GAS as fuel; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: ENERGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Industries -- Electric; Author-Supplied Keyword: Industries -- Petroleum/ Natural Gas ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541310 Architectural Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213112 Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454311 Heating oil dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HAYATSU, RYoICHI
AU  - SCOTT, ROBERT G.
AU  - STUDIER, MARTIN H.
AU  - LEWIS, RoY S.
AU  - ANDERS, EDWARD
T1  - Carbynes in Meteorites: Detection, Low-Temperature Origin, and Implications for Interstellar Molecules.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/09/26/
VL  - 209
IS  - 4464
M3  - Article
SP  - 1515
EP  - 1518
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Carbon from the Allende meteorite is not graphite but carbyne (triply bonded elemental carbon), inasmuch as on heating to 250° to 330°C it releases mainly triply bonded fragments: -(C≡C)n,- with n = I to 5, and -(C≡C)n-CN, with n = I to 3. Although carbynes have been known to form only by condensation of carbon vapor above 2600 K or by explosive shock of > 600 kilobars, it is found that they also form metastably by the reaction 2CO --'CO2 + C (solid) at 300° to 400°C in the presence of a chromite catalyst. Such low-temperature formation by surface catalysis may be the dominant source of carbynes on the earth and in meteorites, and a major source of interstellar carbynes and cyanopolyacetylenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85196666; HAYATSU, RYoICHI 1; SCOTT, ROBERT G. 1; STUDIER, MARTIN H. 1; LEWIS, RoY S. 2; ANDERS, EDWARD 2; Affiliations: 1: Division of Chemistry, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; Issue Info: 9/26/1980, Vol. 209 Issue 4464, p1515; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MARDIAN, JAMES K. W.
AU  - PATON, ARTHUR E.
AU  - BUNICK, G-ERARD J.
AU  - OLINS, DONALD E.
T1  - Nucleosome Cores Have Two Specific Binding Sites for Nonhistone Chromosomal Proteins HMG 14 and HMG 17.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/09/26/
VL  - 209
IS  - 4464
M3  - Article
SP  - 1534
EP  - 1536
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The binding of HMG 14 (or 17) to nucleosome cores produces two major additional bands on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gels. Bound HMG 14 alters the relative densities of the end-labeled DNAfragment distribution produced by deoxyribonuclease I digestion of reconstructed poly(deoxyadenylate-deoxythymidylate) nucleosome cores. These results indicate nucleosome cores have two specific binding sites for HMG 14 (or 17). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85196675; MARDIAN, JAMES K. W. 1; PATON, ARTHUR E. 1; BUNICK, G-ERARD J. 1; OLINS, DONALD E. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Chemistry and Biology Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830; Issue Info: 9/26/1980, Vol. 209 Issue 4464, p1534; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Brien, John N.
T1  - The Progressive case.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 61
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents the author's comment on the article "Some Reflections on the Progressive Case: Publish and Perish," by L.H. Tribe and D.H. Remes. It is regarding the legal battle between the U.S. government and Progressive Inc. The article argues that the U.S. security was seriously enough threatened to justify the imposition of prior restraint. The Progressive case shows that seeking prior restraint is the government's sole response in most secrecy cases.
KW  - ACTIONS & defenses (Law)
KW  - UNITED States -- Politics & government
KW  - PRIOR restraint
KW  - PRIVACY
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - PROGRESSIVE Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 24226353; O'Brien, John N. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.;  Source Info: Oct1980, Vol. 36 Issue 8, p60; Subject Term: ACTIONS & defenses (Law); Subject Term: UNITED States -- Politics & government; Subject Term: PRIOR restraint; Subject Term: PRIVACY; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DELCOURT, HAZEL R.
AU  - HARRIS, W. F.
T1  - Carbon Budget of the Southeastern U.S. Biota: Analysis of Historical Change in Trend from Source to Sink.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/10/17/
VL  - 210
IS  - 4467
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 323
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Documentation of settlement patterns and deforestation in the southeastern United States allows evaluation of regional carbon dynamics since A.D. 1750. From 1750 to 1950, the Southeast was a net source for carbon at an average rate of 0.13 gigaton per year. Only in the past 20 to 30 years has increased productivity of commercial forests resulted in a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide of 0.07 gigaton per year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85361681; DELCOURT, HAZEL R. 1,2; HARRIS, W. F. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Graduate Program in Ecology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37916; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 10/17/1980, Vol. 210 Issue 4467, p321; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SHORE, BRUCE W.
T1  - Atomic Physics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/10/31/
VL  - 210
IS  - 4469
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 532
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85266668; SHORE, BRUCE W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Issue Info: 10/31/1980, Vol. 210 Issue 4469, p531; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanford, George S.
T1  - A legalistic game?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 60
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents the author's response to the comments made on a previously published article related to the U.S. nuclear energy policy. According to the author, the U.S. security will be all the greater if the nation follows the defensive policy as well as keeps nuclear power. It is reported that the confusion over the author's article is due to misunderstanding nuclear power as nuclear weapons.
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - NUCLEAR warfare
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 24226383; Stanford, George S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Nov1980, Vol. 36 Issue 9, p60; Subject Term: ENERGY policy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: NUCLEAR warfare; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho, James K.
T1  - A Successive Linear Optimization Approach to the Dynamic Traffic Assignment Problem.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1980/11//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - A dynamic model for the optimal control of traffic flow over a network is considered. The model, which treats congestion explicitly in the flow equations, gives rise to nonlinear, nonconvex mathematical programming problems. It has been shown for a piecewise linear version of this model that a global optimum is contained in the set of optimal solutions of a certain linear program. This paper presents a sufficient condition for optimality which implies that a global optimum can be obtained by successively optimizing at most N + 1 objective functions for the linear program, where N is the number of time periods in the planning horizon. Computational results are reported to indicate the efficiency of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - PLANNING
KW  - TRAFFIC assignment
KW  - TRAFFIC flow
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 4472807; Ho, James K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.; Issue Info: Nov80, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p295; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: PLANNING; Subject Term: TRAFFIC assignment; Subject Term: TRAFFIC flow; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AU  - Armstrong, John R.
T1  - Managing State Energy Conservation Programs: The Minnesota Experience.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/11/14/
VL  - 210
IS  - 4471
M3  - Article
SP  - 740
EP  - 744
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85266743; Hirst, Eric 1; Armstrong, John R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Research Engineer, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Director, Conservation Division, Minnesota Energy Agency, St. Paul 55101; Issue Info: 11/14/1980, Vol. 210 Issue 4471, p740; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - RYDIN, ROGER A.
AU  - LEPAGE, JAMES J.
AU  - FURCINURRI, PAUL S.
AU  - TODD, PAUL
T1  - Gamma Rays and the Concept of a Threshold Dose.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/11/14/
VL  - 210
IS  - 4471
M3  - Article
SP  - 806
EP  - 807
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85266774; RYDIN, ROGER A. 1; LEPAGE, JAMES J. 2; FURCINURRI, PAUL S. 3; TODD, PAUL 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22901; 2: Advanced Research and Applications Corporation, Sunnyvale, California 94086; 3: Radiological Research Accelerator Facility, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 4: Althouse Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802; Issue Info: 11/14/1980, Vol. 210 Issue 4471, p806; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stöckel, Peter
AU  - May, Roland
AU  - Strell, Irmtraud
AU  - Cejka, Zdenka
AU  - Hoppe, Walter
AU  - Heumann, Hemann
T1  - A Novel Chiral Microenvironmental Probe at the Active Site of Trypsin.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1980/11/17/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 409
SN  - 00142956
AB  - p-Amidinophenyl esters of an enantiomeric pair of N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)alanine (N2Ph-Ala) were both efficiently hydrolyzed by trypsin. The acylation and deacylation rate constants for the D-isomer are 1/2.5 of those for the L-isomer. Slow rates of deacylation of the two substrates made is possible to prepare the pair of enantiomeric acyl-trypsins. Circular dichroic (CD) spectra of the purified acyl-typsins revealed that the two extrinsic chromophores are somewhat differently oriented in the chiral environment of the active site, although both chromophores could couple intermolecularly with similar intrinsic chromophores near the active site. When p-amidinophenol was added, not only was the deacylation rate of N2Ph-DAla-trypsin noticeably increased, but also the transient CD sprectrum of the enzyme derivative changed markedly in comparison with that of the L-derivative. The observations indicate that the two enantiomeric acyl groups at the active site are situated in different microenvironments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRYPSIN
KW  - DIGESTIVE enzymes
KW  - PANCREATIC secretions
KW  - SERINE proteinases
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - CIRCULAR dichroism
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13620773; Stöckel, Peter 1; May, Roland 1; Strell, Irmtraud 1; Cejka, Zdenka 1; Hoppe, Walter 1; Heumann, Hemann 1; Source Information: 11/17/80, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p403; Subject: TRYPSIN; Subject: DIGESTIVE enzymes; Subject: PANCREATIC secretions; Subject: SERINE proteinases; Subject: ORGANIC compounds; Subject: CIRCULAR dichroism; Subject: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stöckel, Peter
AU  - May, Roland
AU  - Strell, Irmtraud
AU  - Cejka, Zdenka
AU  - Hoppe, Walter
AU  - Heumann, Hermann
AU  - Zillig, Wolfram
AU  - Crespi, Henry L.
T1  - The Core Subunit Structure in RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme Determined by Neutron Small-Angle Scattering.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1980/11/17/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 417
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The core subunit arrangement α2-ββʹ within DNA-dependent RNA polymerase holoenzyme 2-ββʹσ from Escherichia coli was investigated by neutron small-angle scattering using label triangulation. The quaternary structure of multisubunit biomolecules can be studied by this new method if total reconstitution works in a quantitative way and if extensive replacement of C-bound hydrogen (H) by deuterium (2H) is possible. A substitution of the selected subunits by their fully deuterated analogues was used for the analysis of the overall shapes of the core subunits α2, β and βʹ in situ and for the determination of the intersubunit centre-to-centre distances. THe contrast between the buffer and the remaining ‘hydrogenated’ enzyme vanished if the buffer contains 42% 2H2O (matching of scattering length densities). The isotopic hybridization of the enzyme fulfils the conditions of isomorphous replacement as required: molecular functions, like enzyme activity, were completely preserved. The orientations of the core subunits within the holoenzyme were derived by comparing theoretical and experimental pair distance distribution functions, P(r), obtained from the scattering intensity differences of the pair-labelled (e.g. both β and βʹ labelled) and both mono-labelled molecules by direct Fourier transformations. Additional, the subunit shapes were defined by P(r) analyses. The arrangement of the stable core structure within the holoenzyme, which contains σ as a dissociable factor, is presented in a three-dimensional model [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - TRANSFERASES
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SMALL-angle scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13620783; Stöckel, Peter 1; May, Roland 2; Strell, Irmtraud 1; Cejka, Zdenka 1; Hoppe, Walter 1; Heumann, Hermann 3; Zillig, Wolfram 3; Crespi, Henry L. 4; Source Information: 11/17/80, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p411; Subject: RNA polymerases; Subject: TRANSFERASES; Subject: ENZYMES; Subject: NEUTRONS; Subject: SMALL-angle scattering; Subject: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stöckel, Peter
AU  - May, Roland
AU  - Strell, Irmtraud
AU  - Cejka, Zdenka
AU  - Hoppe, Walter
AU  - Heumann, Hermann
AU  - Zillig, Wolfram
AU  - Crespi, Henry L.
T1  - The Subunit Positions within RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme Determined by Triangulation of Centre-to-Centre Distances.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1980/11/17/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 423
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The complete ‘centre-of-subunit structure’ of the multisubunit enzyme DNA-dependent RNA polymerase was determined by triangulation of the subunit positions using the intersubunit distances calculated from scattering difference measurements and from the corresponding radii of gyration R. In addition to the centre-to-centre distances d between the core subunits α 2, β and βʹ  presented in the preceding paper, the values of  between initiation factor σ and α (8.4 ± 1.6 nm), β (4.4 ± 2.2 nm) and βʹ (10.7 ± 1.5 nm) were derived from R of σ (4.1 ± 0.3 nm) in situ and of the pairs α2 – σ (6.1 ± 0.4 nm), β – σ (5.6 ± 0.3 nm) and βʹ – σ (7.5 ± 0.4 nm) within the holoenzyme (α2β βʹσ). The structural parameters of the subunits within their molecular complex are accessible for neutron small-angle scattering measurements using labelling of the different subunits (deuteration), total reconstitution of isotopic hybrids, scattering length density matching of‘hydrogenated’ molecular parts and extended exposure times because of weak scattering effects. The overall shape of σ bound to core enzyme (α2ββʹ) proved to be identical (within experimental resolution) with σ in the isolated state measured recently by X-ray small-angle scattering. The refined shape of isolated σ was reduced to an ellipsoid which was orientated with respect to the core structure (α2 — β — βʹ) in a ’space-filling’ way around the position of the σ centre obtained by triangulation. The complete subunit arrangement of holoenzyme is shown in a three-dimensional model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - TRANSFERASES
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - TRIANGULATION
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - THREE-dimensional display systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13620794; Stöckel, Peter 1; May, Roland 2; Strell, Irmtraud 1; Cejka, Zdenka 1; Hoppe, Walter 1; Heumann, Hermann 3; Zillig, Wolfram 3; Crespi, Henry L. 4; Source Information: 11/17/80, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p419; Subject: RNA polymerases; Subject: TRANSFERASES; Subject: ENZYMES; Subject: NUCLEIC acids; Subject: TRIANGULATION; Subject: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject: THREE-dimensional display systems; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldhaber, M.
AU  - Langacker, P.
AU  - Slansky, R.
T1  - Is the Proton Stable?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/11/21/
VL  - 210
IS  - 4472
M3  - Article
SP  - 851
EP  - 860
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85266781; Goldhaber, M. 1; Langacker, P. 2; Slansky, R. 3; Affiliations: 1: AUI Distinguished Scientist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Incorporated, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Assistant professor, Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104; 3: Member, staff, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 11/21/1980, Vol. 210 Issue 4472, p851; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WALLACE, ROBIN A.
AU  - MISULOVIN, ZIVA
AU  - EL-ETR, M.
AU  - SCHORDERET-SLATKINE, S.
AU  - BAULIEU, E. E.
T1  - The Role of Zinc and Follicle Cells in Insulin-Initiated Meiotic Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/11/21/
VL  - 210
IS  - 4472
M3  - Article
SP  - 928
EP  - 930
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85266812; WALLACE, ROBIN A. 1; MISULOVIN, ZIVA 1; EL-ETR, M. 2; SCHORDERET-SLATKINE, S. 3; BAULIEU, E. E. 4; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Lab-Hormones-U. 33 Inserm, Université Paris Sud, 94270 Bicêtre, France; 3: Département de Gynécologie et d' Obstétrique Hêpital Cantonal, Genève, Suisse; 4: Lab Hormones- U. 33 Inserm, Universite Paris Sud; Issue Info: 11/21/1980, Vol. 210 Issue 4472, p928; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hung, P. Q.
AU  - Quigg, C.
T1  - Intermediate Bosons: Weak Interaction Couriers.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/12/12/
VL  - 210
IS  - 4475
M3  - Article
SP  - 1205
EP  - 1211
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85266906; Hung, P. Q. 1; Quigg, C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Members of the Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Issue Info: 12/12/1980, Vol. 210 Issue 4475, p1205; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HULETT JR., L. D.
AU  - WEINBERGER, A. J.
AU  - NORTHCUTT, K. J.
AU  - FERGUSON, MARIAN
T1  - Chemical Species in Fly Ash from Coal-Burning Power Plants.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1980/12/19/
VL  - 210
IS  - 4476
M3  - Article
SP  - 1356
EP  - 1358
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Fly ash specimens from four power plants in the Tennessee Valley Authority system have been separated into three matrices: glass, mullite-quartz, and magnetic spinel. Chemical species of trace elements are defined to a large extent by the matrices that contain them. The magnetic component of fly ash is ferrite. The mullite-quartz phase is relatively pure and can be recovered as a resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85266964; HULETT JR., L. D. 1; WEINBERGER, A. J. 1; NORTHCUTT, K. J. 1; FERGUSON, MARIAN 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 12/19/1980, Vol. 210 Issue 4476, p1356; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Rosenberg, S
T1  - An intelligent support system for energy resources in the united states
JO  - An intelligent support system for energy resources in the united states
JF  - An intelligent support system for energy resources in the united states
Y1  - 1981///
M3  - Book
AB  - Describes a frames based system for reasoning in a petroleum resources domain. By extending the notion of frames to include rule frames, which can then be interpreted and applied, expertise of various kinds can be directly encoded into the frame representation. Frame based rules are useful in encoding constraints, performing actions, noticing complex situations, and deducing solutions. By varying the interpretation of a rule frame, the same competence knowledge can be used in performing each of these tasks. Rules are able to use the frame based representation in finding other rules, avoiding most pattern-directed invocation.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1602752; Rosenberg, S 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. Of California, Berkeley, Ca;  Source Info: 1981; Note: Update Code: 1600; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Marous, A
T1  - Communicating concepts through images of information
JO  - Communicating concepts through images of information
JF  - Communicating concepts through images of information
Y1  - 1981///
M3  - Book
AB  - Information science neglects images of information in its study of the organization and dissemination of data. such displays have their own characteristic structures and can form visual narratives. Graphic design may assist in the study of and creation of these images. In an era of computer graphics systems more attention should be given to this subject.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1602235; Marous, A 1; Affiliations: 1 : Dept. Of Comptuer Sci. & Appl. Math, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, Ca.;  Source Info: 1981; Note: Update Code: 1600; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Cahn, D F
T1  - Computer-aided visualization of database structural relationships
JO  - Computer-aided visualization of database structural relationships
JF  - Computer-aided visualization of database structural relationships
Y1  - 1981///
M3  - Book
AB  - Interactive computer graphic displays can be extremely useful in augmenting understandability of data structures. In complexly interrelated domains such as bibliographic thesauri and energy information systems, node and link displays represent one such tool. The author presents examples of data structure representations he found useful in these domains and discusses some of their generalizable components.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1602333; Cahn, D F 1; Affiliations: 1 : Information Methodology Res. Project, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, Ca.;  Source Info: 1981; Note: Update Code: 1600; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Johnson, R R
T1  - Modelling summary data
JO  - Rep. No: CONF-810467-2
JF  - Rep. No: CONF-810467-2
Y1  - 1981///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Several problems in specifying aggregate functions in relational systems are investigated. A solution is proposed to these problems in the form of an extension of the relational dmta model. In particular the concept of summary data is introduced. The query language strand is presented in order to describe retrieval operations on the extended model. strand allows a user to formulate queries involving aggregate functions without conceptualizing the query in terms of aggregation. Two example applications, proposal tracking and socio-demographic data bases, are used to illustrate the concepts of the extended model
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1601714; Johnson, R R 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: 1981; Note: Update Code: 1600; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Franz, J
T1  - Providing user support in a changing environment
JO  - Rep. No: DE81024991
JF  - Rep. No: DE81024991
Y1  - 1981///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - In the face of rapidly changing products and user needs, a familiar problem to large computing facilities today is deciding what services to offer, and how to offer them. Dropping hardware costs, increasing need for interactive computing (including text processing, graphics, and data management systems), and fiscal limitations for both the central facility and the users are some of the changes being experienced at lawrence berkeley laboratory. How the central computing facility can provide the services users need in the most expedient and inexpensive way possible is discussed
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1602453; Franz, J 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ. Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, Ca;  Source Info: 1981; Note: Update Code: 1600; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Robinson, J
AU  - Hu, M
T1  - Doe's energy data base (edb) versus other energy-related data bases: a comparative analysis
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-12547
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-12547
Y1  - 1981///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The release of the doe energy data base to commercial services in 1980 raised an immediate question in the minds of some searchers: how does this new data base fit into the spectrum of already-available data bases. Because the authors have been closely associated with the department of energy's recon system and its data bases for several years, as trainers and as editor of the doe/recon newsletter, the question was of great interest and we decided to investigate it
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1602092; Robinson, J; Hu, M 2; Affiliations: 2 : California Univ. Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA;  Source Info: 1981; Note: Update Code: 1600; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.
T1  - Proceedings of the fifth berkeley conference on distributed data management and computer networks
JO  - Rep. No: NTIS: LBL-11860
JF  - Rep. No: NTIS: LBL-11860
Y1  - 1981///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Sessions were held on query processing, distributed applications, concurrency control, data base availability, distributed data base systems, network communication, network file systems, and distributed operating systems. (era citation 06:019621)
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1602059; California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.; Source Info: 1981; Note: Update Code: 1600; Number of Pages: 293p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fisher, H L
T1  - The potential impact of viewdata and online retrieval systems 1980-2000
JO  - The potential impact of viewdata and online retrieval systems 1980-2000
JF  - The potential impact of viewdata and online retrieval systems 1980-2000
Y1  - 1981///
M3  - Book
SP  - 176
EP  - 176
AB  - This presentation discusses the role of these technologies today and their potential impact on libraries, information centers, organizations and society in the time frame 1980-2000. Particular attention is paid to economic, legal, social, political and philosophical problems that should be resolved before the societal integration of these technologies takes place.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1603268; Fisher, H L 1; Affiliations: 1 : University Of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California And Golden Gate University;  Source Info: 1981, p176; Note: Update Code: 1600; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Banion, Kerry
T1  - Reagan's Energy Program: A Time For Conservation.
JO  - Nation
JF  - Nation
Y1  - 1981/01/03/
VL  - 232
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 20
SN  - 00278378
AB  - Discusses dependence of the U.S. on foreign countries for its oil consumption needs.  Discussion of the relationship between oil imports and inflation; Impact of increase in the cost of oil on the real income in the U.S.; Amount of oil imported per day by the U.S. from the Middle East as of January 1981; Suggestions to counter difficulties arising from increase in oil prices.
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Oil consumption
KW  - Imports
KW  - Petroleum products -- Sales & prices
KW  - Price increases
KW  - Inflation (Finance)
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11241129; O'Banion, Kerry 1; Affiliations: 1 : An environmental policy analyst for the University of California-run, Department of Energy-owned Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.;  Source Info: 1/3/1981, Vol. 232 Issue 1, p16; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Oil consumption; Subject Term: Imports; Subject Term: Petroleum products -- Sales & prices; Subject Term: Price increases; Subject Term: Inflation (Finance); Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - VINEYARD, G. H.
AU  - LEDERMAN, LEON M.
T1  - Superconducting Magnets.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/01/09/
VL  - 211
IS  - 4478
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 121
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85267021; VINEYARD, G. H. 1; LEDERMAN, LEON M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, New York 11973; 2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Issue Info: 1/ 9/1981, Vol. 211 Issue 4478, p119; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MCLAUGHLIN, S. B.
AU  - TAYLOR, G. E.
T1  - Relative Humidity: Important Modifier of Pollutant Uptake by Plants.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/01/09/
VL  - 211
IS  - 4478
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
EP  - 169
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Laboratory measurements off oliar uptake of sulfur dioxide and ozone by red kidney beans demonstrated a strong effect of relative humidity on internal pollutant dose. Foliar uptake was enhanced two- to threefold for sulfur dioxide and three- to fourfold for ozone by an increase in relative humidity from 35 to 75 percent. For the same exposure concentration, vegetation growing in humid areas (such as the eastern United States) may experience a significantly greater internal flux of pollutants than that in more arid regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85267042; MCLAUGHLIN, S. B. 1; TAYLOR, G. E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1/ 9/1981, Vol. 211 Issue 4478, p167; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Robinson, J
AU  - Hu, M
T1  - Doe's energy data base (edb) versus other energy-related data bases. A comprehensive analysis
JO  - Rep. No: CONF-801195-1
JF  - Rep. No: CONF-801195-1
Y1  - 1981/02//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The release of the doe energy data base to commercial services in 1980 raised an immediate question in the minds of some searchers: how does this new data base fit into the spectrum of already-available data bases. Because the authors have been closely associated with the department of energy's recon system and its data bases for several years, as trainers and as editor of the doe/recon newsletter, the question was of great interest and we decided to investigate it
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1700770; Robinson, J; Hu, M 2; Affiliations: 2 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Feb. 1981; Note: Update Code: 1700; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Eades, C A
T1  - Chart: a graphic display and analysis system
JO  - Rep. No: NTIS: LBL-PUB-3015
JF  - Rep. No: NTIS: LBL-PUB-3015
Y1  - 1981/02/19/
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - This document describes chart, a program for data analysis and report design. (era citation 06:019596)
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1602411; Eades, C A 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Feb. 19, 1981; Note: Update Code: 1600; Number of Pages: 114p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Mark E.
AU  - Tenenbein, Aaron
T1  - A Bivariate Distribution Family With Specified Marginals.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1981/03//
VL  - 76
IS  - 373
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
SN  - 01621459
AB  - A systematic approach is given for constructing continuous bivariate distributions with specified marginals and ixed dependence measures. This approach is based on linear combinations of independent random variables and results in bivariate distributions that can attain the Frechet bounds. The dependence measures considered are Spearman's rho and Kendall's tau. Applications to testing for sensitivity in simulation models are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM variables
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MARGINAL distributions
KW  - DEPENDENCE (Statistics)
KW  - Bivariate Distributions
KW  - Fréchet bounds.
KW  - Kendall's tau
KW  - Simulation Models
KW  - Spearman's rho
N1  - Accession Number: 4603120; Johnson, Mark E. 1; Tenenbein, Aaron 2; Affiliations: 1: Staff Member with Statistics Group S-1 at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; 2: Professor of Statistics, Quantitative Analysis Area, New York University Graduate School of Business Administration, New York, NY 10006.; Issue Info: Mar1981, Vol. 76 Issue 373, p198; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM variables; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: MARGINAL distributions; Subject Term: DEPENDENCE (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bivariate Distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fréchet bounds.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kendall's tau; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation Models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spearman's rho; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Berry, Linda
AU  - Bronfman, Lois Martin
T1  - RESEARCH STRATEGIES FOR EVALUATING THE ADOPTION POTENTIAL OF ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
JO  - Policy Studies Journal
JF  - Policy Studies Journal
Y1  - 1981///Spring
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 721
PB  - Blackwell Publishing Limited
SN  - 0190292X
AB  - The completely novel nature of some energy technology innovations sometimes makes prospective economic analysis of adoption potential neither desirable nor feasible. Three noneconomic models evaluating adoption potential are examined for technological innovations whose diffusion potential is not yet known. Applications of the general models are suggested with specific references to development of solar total energy systems. [The completely novel nature of some energy technology innovations sometimes makes prospective economic analysis of adoption potential neither desirable nor feasible. Three noneconomic models evaluating adoption potential are examined for technological innovations whose diffusion potential is not yet known. Applications of the general models are suggested with specific references to development of solar total energy systems.]
KW  - ECONOMIC policy
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - POLICY sciences
KW  - CASE studies
N1  - Accession Number: 11751127; Berry, Linda 1; Bronfman, Lois Martin 1; Affiliations: 1 : Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Spring81, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p721; Note: Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Limited; Note: Update Code: 1600; Subject Term: ECONOMIC policy; Subject Term: ENERGY conservation; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: POLICY sciences; Subject Term: CASE studies; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1541-0072.ep11751127
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Eggers, S J
AU  - Olken, F
AU  - Shoshani, A
T1  - Compression technique for large statistical data bases
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-12353, CONF-810993-3
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-12353, CONF-810993-3
Y1  - 1981/03//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The compression of large statistical databases is explored and are proposed for organizing the compressed data, such that the time required to access the data is logarithmic. The techniques exploit special characteristics of statistical databases, namely, variation in the space required for the natural encoding of integer attributes, a prevalence of a few repeating values or constants, and the clustering of both data of the same length and constants in long, separate series. The techniques are variations of run-length encoding, in which modified run-lengths for the series are extracted from the data stream and stored in a header, which is used to form the base level of a b-tree index into the database. The run-lengths are cumulative, and therefore the access time of the data is logarithmic in the size of the header. The details of the compression scheme and its implementation are discussed, several special cases are presented, and an analysis is given of the relative performance of the various versions.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1801819; Eggers, S J 1; Olken, F; Shoshani, A; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Mar. 1981; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Meng, J
T1  - Power basic and the 9980/9981
JO  - Rep. No: NTIS: LBL-12235
JF  - Rep. No: NTIS: LBL-12235
Y1  - 1981/03//
M3  - Book Chapter
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1702460; Meng, J 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab;  Source Info: Mar. 1981; Note: Update Code: 1700; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - RUST, FLEET
T1  - Rumninant Methane δ(13C/12C) Values: Relation to Atmospheric Methane.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/03/06/
VL  - 211
IS  - 4486
M3  - Article
SP  - 1044
EP  - 1046
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The δ(13C/12C) - values of methane produced by fistulated steers, dairy cattle, and wethers, and dairy and bee fcattle herds show a bimodal distribution that appears to be correlated with the plant type (C3 or C4, that is, producing either a three- or a four-carbon acid in the first step of photosynthesis) consumed by the animals. These results indicate that cattle and sheep, on a global basis, release methane with an average δ(13C/12C) value of -60 and -63 per mil, respectively. Together they are a source of atmospheric methane whose δ(13C/12C) is similar to published values for marsh gas and cannot explain the 20 per mil higher values for atmospheric methane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88017601; RUST, FLEET 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 3/ 6/1981, Vol. 211 Issue 4486, p1044; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ANFINSEN, CHRISTIAN B.
AU  - COURANT, ERNEST D.
AU  - FLORY, PAUL J.
AU  - PRIPSTEIN, MORRIS
AU  - RALSTON, ANTHONY
AU  - ILTIS, HUGH H.
AU  - COFFEY, JANICE C.
AU  - DENTON, MELINDA F.
T1  - U.S.-Soviet Relations.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/03/27/
VL  - 211
IS  - 4489
M3  - Article
SP  - 1369
EP  - 1373
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 88003270; ANFINSEN, CHRISTIAN B. 1; COURANT, ERNEST D. 2; FLORY, PAUL J. 3; PRIPSTEIN, MORRIS 4; RALSTON, ANTHONY 5; ILTIS, HUGH H. 6; COFFEY, JANICE C. 7; DENTON, MELINDA F. 8; Affiliations: 1: National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 3: Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; 4: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720; 5: State University of New York, Buffalo, Amherst 14226; 6: Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706; 7: Department of Biology, St. Mary's College, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611; 8: Department of Botany, University of Washington, Seattle 98195; Issue Info: 3/27/1981, Vol. 211 Issue 4489, p1369; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BRANDRIFF, BRIGITTE
AU  - PEDERSEN, ROGER A.
T1  - Repair of the Ultraviolet-Irradiated Male Genome in Fertilized Mouse Eggs.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/03/27/
VL  - 211
IS  - 4489
M3  - Article
SP  - 1431
EP  - 1433
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Unscheduled DNA synthesis occurred in both male and female pronuclei of the mouse zygote in response to irradiation with ultraviolet light, indicating a capacity for excision repair. Furthermore, damage to DNA of the male gamete before fertilization can be repaired after the sperm enters the egg cytoplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88003300; BRANDRIFF, BRIGITTE 1,2; PEDERSEN, ROGER A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory of Radiobiology University of California, San Francisco 94143; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences, Livermore, Calif. 94550; 3: Laboratory of Radiobiology and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco; Issue Info: 3/27/1981, Vol. 211 Issue 4489, p1431; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - FURCINITTI, PAUL S.
AU  - TODD, PAUL
T1  - Radiosensitivity of Human Cells in vitro.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/04/03/
VL  - 212
IS  - 4490
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84928400; FURCINITTI, PAUL S. 1; TODD, PAUL 2; Affiliations: 1: Radiological Research Accelerator, Facility, Columbia University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Biophysics Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802; Issue Info: 4/ 3/1981, Vol. 212 Issue 4490, p6; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WALTON, BARBARA T.
T1  - Chemical Impurity Produces Extra Compound Eyes and Heads in Crickets.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/04/03/
VL  - 212
IS  - 4490
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 53
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A chemical impurity isolated from commercially purchased acridine causes cricket embryos to develop extra compound eyes, branched antennae, extra antennae, and extra heads. Purified acridine does not produce-similar duplications of cricket heads or head structures nor do the substituted acridines proflavine, acriflavine, or acridine orange. A dose-response relation exists such that the number and severity of abnormalities increase with increasing concentration of the teratogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Crickets (Insect)
KW  - Insect larvae
KW  - Acridine
KW  - Acriflavine
KW  - Acridine orange
KW  - Insects -- Mutation
N1  - Accession Number: 84928435; WALTON, BARBARA T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 4/ 3/1981, Vol. 212 Issue 4490, p51; Thesaurus Term: Crickets (Insect); Thesaurus Term: Insect larvae; Subject Term: Acridine; Subject Term: Acriflavine; Subject Term: Acridine orange; Subject Term: Insects -- Mutation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BLOOMER*, WILLIAM D.
AU  - MCLAUGHLIN, WILLIAM H.
AU  - NEIRINCKX, RUDI D.
AU  - ADELSTEIN, S. JAMES
AU  - GORDON, PHILLIP R.
AU  - RUTH, THOMAS J.
AU  - WOLF, ALFRED P.
T1  - Astatine-211-Tellurium Radiocolloid Cures Experimental Malignant Ascites.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/04/17/
VL  - 212
IS  - 4492
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
EP  - 341
SN  - 00368075
AB  - An investigation of the efficacy of astatine-211-tellurium colloid for the treatment of experimental malignant ascites in mice reveals that this a-emitting radiocolloid can be curative without causing undue toxicity to normal tissue. By comparson, negatron-emitting phosphorus-32 as colloidal chromic phosphate had no antineoplastic activity. The most compelling explanation for this striking difference is the dense ionization and short range of action associated with a-emission. These results have important implications for the development and use of α-emitters as radiocolloid therapy for the treatment of human tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88003385; BLOOMER*, WILLIAM D. 1; MCLAUGHLIN, WILLIAM H. 1; NEIRINCKX, RUDI D. 2; ADELSTEIN, S. JAMES 2; GORDON, PHILLIP R. 3; RUTH, THOMAS J. 4; WOLF, ALFRED P. 4; Affiliations: 1: Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; 2: Joint Program in Nuclear Medicine, Harvard Medical School; 3: Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; 4: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 4/17/1981, Vol. 212 Issue 4492, p340; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fainberg, Anthony
AU  - Bieber, Alan M.
AU  - Higinhotham, William A.
T1  - On 'Life under the gun'.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1981/05//
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 62
EP  - 63
SN  - 00963402
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Hawaii: life under the gun" by James V. Albertini in the March 1981 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
N1  - Accession Number: 24227189; Fainberg, Anthony 1; Bieber, Alan M. 1; Higinhotham, William A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y. 11973.;  Source Info: May1981, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p62; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BUDDEMEIER, ROBERT W.
AU  - ROTH, JESSE
T1  - Least Publishable Unit.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/05//5/ 1/1981
VL  - 212
IS  - 4494
M3  - Article
SP  - 494
EP  - 494
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84928516; BUDDEMEIER, ROBERT W. 1; ROTH, JESSE 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; 2: National Institite of Arthritis, Metabolism and Digestive Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20205; Issue Info: 5/ 1/1981, Vol. 212 Issue 4494, p494; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GREENBERG, J. H.
AU  - REIVICH, M.
AU  - ALAVI, A.
AU  - HAND, P.
AU  - ROSENQUIST, A.
AU  - RINTELMANN, W.
AU  - STEIN, A.
AU  - TUSA, R.
AU  - DANN, R.
AU  - CHRISTMAN, D.
AU  - FOWLER, J.
AU  - MACGREGOR, B.
AU  - WOLF, A.
T1  - Metabolic Mapping of Functional Activity in Human Subjects with the [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Technique.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/05/08/
VL  - 212
IS  - 4495
M3  - Article
SP  - 678
EP  - 680
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The 2-[18FJfluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose technique was used to measure regional cerebral glucose utilization by human subjects during functional activation. Normal male volunteers subjected to one or more sensory stimuli (tactile, visual, or auditory) exhibited focal increases in glucose metabolism in response to the stimulus. Unilateral visual hemifield stimulation caused the contralateral striate cortex to become more metabolically active than the striate cortex ipsilateral to the stimulated hemifield. Similarly, stroking the fingers and hand of one arm with a brush produced an increase in metabolism in the contralateral postcentral gyrus, compared with the homologous ipsilateral region. The auditory stimulus, which consisted of a monaurally presented factual story caused an increase in glucose metabolism in the auditory cortex in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated ear. These results demonstrate that the technique is capable of providing functional maps in vivo related to both body region and submodality of sensory information in the human brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88003427; GREENBERG, J. H. 1; REIVICH, M. 1; ALAVI, A. 2; HAND, P. 3; ROSENQUIST, A. 4; RINTELMANN, W. 5; STEIN, A. 6; TUSA, R. 4; DANN, R. 2; CHRISTMAN, D. 6; FOWLER, J. 6; MACGREGOR, B. 6; WOLF, A. 6; Affiliations: 1: Cerebrovascular Research Center, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104; 2: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; 3: Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine; 4: Department of Anatomy, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; 5: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; 6: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 5/ 8/1981, Vol. 212 Issue 4495, p678; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SLANSKY, R.
T1  - Theoretical Particle Physics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/05/29/
VL  - 212
IS  - 4498
M3  - Article
SP  - 1020
EP  - 1021
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 88003459; SLANSKY, R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Division, University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 5/29/1981, Vol. 212 Issue 4498, p1020; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shugart, Jr., H. H.
AU  - Noble, I. R.
T1  - A computer model of succession and fire response of the high-altitude Eucalyptus forest of the Brindabella Range, Australian Capital Territory.
JO  - Australian Journal of Ecology
JF  - Australian Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1981/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 164
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0307692X
AB  - This article presents a computer model of succession and fire response of the high-altitude Eucalyptus forest of the Brindabella Range, Australian Capital Territory. The model stimulates a forest stand by computing the growth of each individual tree in the stand. The model considers establishment and death of trees on a tree-by-tree basis using stochastic functions. The model also simulates the effects of prescribed fire and wildfire on the forests. The model presently is restricted to southeasterly facing slopes above 850 meters in altitude.
KW  - Forest fires -- Prevention & control
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - Eucalyptus
KW  - Fire weather
KW  - Brindabella Range (A.C.T.)
KW  - Australia
N1  - Accession Number: 17970878; Shugart, Jr., H. H. 1; Noble, I. R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenessee 37830, U.S.A.; 2: Department of Environmental Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia 2601.; Issue Info: Jun1981, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p149; Thesaurus Term: Forest fires -- Prevention & control; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Thesaurus Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: Eucalyptus; Subject Term: Fire weather; Subject Term: Brindabella Range (A.C.T.); Subject: Australia; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115310 Support Activities for Forestry; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - Photoreactivation.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1981/06//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 444
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Photoreactivation is the enzyme-mediated, light-dependent repair of DNA damaged by ultraviolet light. The photoreactivating enzyme and its cellular effect — biological photoreactivation — are found in almost all organisms from bacteria to man, and may be important in protecting human skin against ultraviolet damage. (Accepted for publication 22 December 1980) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Sunshine
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - DNA ligases
KW  - Skin care
KW  - DNA
KW  - Adenosine triphosphate
KW  - Enzymes
N1  - Accession Number: 28051175; Sutherland, Betsy M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Scientist with the Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Jun1981, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p439; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Thesaurus Term: Bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Sunshine; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: DNA ligases; Subject Term: Skin care; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: Adenosine triphosphate; Subject Term: Enzymes; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5624
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lemontt, Jeffrey F.
T1  - EUKARYOTIC MICROBES.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1981/06//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 463
EP  - 463
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Eukaryotic Microbial Cell," edited by G.W. Gooday, D. Lloyd and A.P.J. Trinci.
KW  - Eukaryotic cells
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Gooday, G. W.
KW  - Lloyd, D.
KW  - Trinci, A. P. J.
KW  - Eukaryotic Microbial Cell, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28051188; Lemontt, Jeffrey F. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box Y Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Jun1981, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p463; Subject Term: Eukaryotic cells; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 807
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiue, C.
AU  - Gallagher, B.
AU  - Wolf, A.
T1  - I-β-iodo-D-alanine-synthesis, biodistribution and antimicrobial activity.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1981/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 248
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71142381; Shiue, C. 1; Gallagher, B. 1; Wolf, A. 1; Source Information: Jun1981, Vol. 6 Issue 6, p245; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00251346
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Dewitt, D J
AU  - Hawthorn, P B
T1  - Performance evaluation of data-base machine architectures
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-12918,CONF-810993-1
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-12918,CONF-810993-1
Y1  - 1981/06//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - This paper develops an analytical model of the performance of a conventional database management system and four generic database machine architectures. This model is then used to compare the performance of each type of machine with a conventional dbms. It is demonstrated that no one type of database machine is best for executing all types of queries. It is also shown that for several classes of queries certain database machine designs which have been proposed are actually slower than a dbms on a conventional processor
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1803661; Dewitt, D J 1; Hawthorn, P B; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Jun. 1981; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 44p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Curry, The´rèse M.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
T1  - RESPONSES OF LEAVES OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1981/07//
VL  - 88
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 420
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Relative rates of nutrient penetration, nutrient leaching, and cell permeability of first trifoliate leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Univ. of Idaho 111 were examined after exposure to simulated acidic rain. In buffer solutions [Sup35]SO[Sub4][Sup2-] penetrated leaves faster at pH 2.7 than at 5.7. In contrast, [Sup86]Rb[Sup+] pervaded fastest at pH 5.7, and [Sup3]H[sub2]O entered foliage at similar rates at all pH levels tested. When plants were exposed to simulated rains of various pH levels, calcium, nitrate and sulphate were preferentially leached from whole leaves by rainfalls of low pH, whereas potassium and chloride leached more at pH 5.7 and 3.4 compared with 2.7 and 2.9. Isotope tests indicated that cells within leaves were more permeable to [Sup35]SO[Sup4][Sup2-] and [Sup3]H[Sub2]O and less permeable to [Sup86]Rb[sup+] at pH 2.7 than at higher pH levels. These results suggest a wide diversity of leaf and cell permeability responses to various ions after exposure to acidic rain. In general, an increased rate of nutrient leaching at more acidic levels was correlated with a lower adaxial leaf resistance during leaf development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Experimental design
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Rainfall simulators
KW  - Common bean
N1  - Accession Number: 12075016; Evans, Lance S. 1,2; Curry, The´rèse M. 1; Lewin, Keith F. 2; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, NY 10471, U.S.A.; 2: Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jul81, Vol. 88 Issue 3, p403; Thesaurus Term: Permeability; Thesaurus Term: Experimental design; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Subject Term: Rainfall simulators; Subject Term: Common bean; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - JABLON, SEYMOUR
AU  - LOEWE, WILLIAM E.
AU  - MENDELSOHN, EDGAR
AU  - DOBSON, R. LOWRY
AU  - STRAUME, ToRE
AU  - KAUL, DEAN C.
T1  - Radiation Estimates.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/07/03/
VL  - 213
IS  - 4503
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 8
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84706777; JABLON, SEYMOUR 1; LOEWE, WILLIAM E. 2; MENDELSOHN, EDGAR 2; DOBSON, R. LOWRY 3; STRAUME, ToRE 4; KAUL, DEAN C. 5; Affiliations: 1: Advisory Committee on the Radiation Effects Research Foundation, National Academy of Sciences- National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 20418; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore 94550; 3: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore 94550; 4: Hazards Control Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 5: Advanced Technology Division, Science Applications, Inc., Schaumburg, Illinois 60195; Issue Info: 7/ 3/1981, Vol. 213 Issue 4503, p6; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MUELLER, R. 0.
AU  - CHA, B. K.
AU  - GIESE, R. F.
T1  - Solar Photovoltaic Power Systems: Will They Reduce Utility Peaking Requirements?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/07/10/
VL  - 213
IS  - 4504
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 213
SN  - 00368075
AB  - From an analysis of the long-run electric generating requirements of several representative utilities, it is concluded that the energy supplied by solar photovoltaic power devices will displace primarily base-load, and to a lesser extent intermediate, generating plants, even at relatively modest penetrations corresponding to several percent of the utility peak load. Attaching photovoltaic devices to the utility grid will not yield significant fuel oil savings over the long run, in which utilities approach the economic optimum generating mix, and will increase peak plant requirements. Utility capacity and fuel savings of photovoltaic devices are reported both for the case without storage and for the case in which the utility has access to load-leveling storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84691495; MUELLER, R. 0. 1; CHA, B. K. 1; GIESE, R. F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 7/10/1981, Vol. 213 Issue 4504, p211; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CUTSHALL, NORMAN H.
AU  - LARSEN, INGVAR L.
AU  - NICHOLS, MAYNARD M.
T1  - Man-Made Radionucides Confirm Rapid Burial of Kepone in James River Sediments.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/07/24/
VL  - 213
IS  - 4506
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
EP  - 442
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Profiles of man-made radionuclides in sediment cores from the James River estuary confirm the rapid burial of the pesticide Kepone. The greatest deposition of Kepone has occurred in zones characterized by very high sedimentation rates, 10 to 20 centimeters per year. Since sediment is the major Kepone reservoir, rapid burial probably reduces the exposure of organisms to further contamination. Disturbance caused by hurricanes or dredging, however, could return highly contaminated sediment to the surface although this sediment would be diluted with less contaminated particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84691591; CUTSHALL, NORMAN H. 1; LARSEN, INGVAR L. 1; NICHOLS, MAYNARD M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point 23062; Issue Info: 7/24/1981, Vol. 213 Issue 4506, p440; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schowalter, T. D.
AU  - Webb, J. Warren
AU  - Crossley, D. A.
T1  - Communtiy Structure and Nutrient Content of Canopy Arthropods in Clearcut and Uncut Forest Ecosystems.
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 1981/08//
VL  - 62
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1010
EP  - 1019
SN  - 00129658
AB  - This paper describes differences in canopy arthropod community structure, major cation content, and calculated nutrient consumption between clearcut and undisturbed hardwood forest watersheds at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, North Carolina, USA, during the first two growing seasons following cutting. Although canopy arthropod biomass was about 0.08% of foliage biomass on both watersheds, aphid mass increased 23-fold and ant mass increased 6-fold per unit foliage mass following cutting. These groups in general had lower nutrient concentrations than did chewing herbivores and predators. Arthropod K concentrations were 33% lower on the clearcut; Na, K, and Mg concentrations were 20%-50% higher in 1978 than in 1977. Arthropod Mg and Ca concentrations, but not Na, and K, were reduced significantly more by the greater effect of drought on the clearcut watershed. Consumption estimates based in part on consumption rates reported by others indicated increased nutrient translocation from foliage via arthropods following cutting. These data indicated that canopy arthropod responses in nutrient availability following disturbance could have increased nutrient cycling rates and contributed to nutrient retention by the recovering ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Arthropoda
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Hardwood forests
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Ants
KW  - Niche (Ecology)
KW  - ants
KW  - aphids
KW  - Ca
KW  - canopy arthropods
KW  - clearcutting
KW  - disturbance
KW  - ecosystem
KW  - forest
KW  - K
KW  - Mg
KW  - Na
KW  - nutrient cycling
N1  - Accession Number: 114447465; Schowalter, T. D. 1,2; Webb, J. Warren 3; Crossley, D. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Entomology and Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 USA; 2: Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843 USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA; Issue Info: Aug1981, Vol. 62 Issue 4, p1010; Thesaurus Term: Arthropoda; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Hardwood forests; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Ants; Thesaurus Term: Niche (Ecology); Author-Supplied Keyword: ants; Author-Supplied Keyword: aphids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ca; Author-Supplied Keyword: canopy arthropods; Author-Supplied Keyword: clearcutting; Author-Supplied Keyword: disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: K; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mg; Author-Supplied Keyword: Na; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient cycling; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.2307/1937000
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Randolph, Malcolm L.
T1  - Analysis of Risk Assessments.
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 1981/08//
VL  - 62
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1133
EP  - 1134
SN  - 00129658
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Rowe, William D.
KW  - Anatomy of Risk, An (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 114447467; Randolph, Malcolm L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Health And Safety Research Division* Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Issue Info: Aug1981, Vol. 62 Issue 4, p1133; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Anatomy of Risk, An (Book); People: Rowe, William D.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.2307/1937018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maddigan, Ruth J.
T1  - THE MEASUREMENT OF VERTICAL INTEGRATION.
JO  - Review of Economics & Statistics
JF  - Review of Economics & Statistics
Y1  - 1981/08//
VL  - 63
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 328
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 00346535
AB  - This article focuses on the measurement of vertical integration. In order to test hypotheses regarding the impact of vertical integration on business performance, it is first necessary to develop a measure of vertical integration that can be used in empirical studies. M.A. Adelman suggests that such an index satisfy two criteria, first, it must have a foundation in economic theory, and second, it must be measurable. Since Adelman's efforts, several authors have attempted to develop indices of vertical integration, but their work has not resulted in a structural variable that has earned general acceptance. Once the index is developed, it can be used as a tool to examine how the average level of vertical integration has changed over time. If vertical integration can lower costs or reduce risk, one would expect to see an increase in the number of firms that integrate vertically. An empirical test of this hypothesis using the Vertical Industry Connection index is presented. The results support the contention that vertical integration has increased in the post-war period. This conclusion contrasts with Arthur B. Laffer's findings that vertical integration did not change significantly from 1929 to 1965.
KW  - VERTICAL integration
KW  - BUSINESS
KW  - INDUSTRIAL concentration
KW  - INDUSTRIAL organization (Management)
KW  - CONSOLIDATION & merger of corporations
KW  - ECONOMICS
KW  - HYPOTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 4653687; Maddigan, Ruth J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Aug81, Vol. 63 Issue 3, p328; Thesaurus Term: VERTICAL integration; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL concentration; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL organization (Management); Thesaurus Term: CONSOLIDATION & merger of corporations; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMICS; Subject Term: HYPOTHESIS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SILVER, ERNEST G.
T1  - The Rem.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/08/14/
VL  - 213
IS  - 4509
M3  - Article
SP  - 708
EP  - 708
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84691656; SILVER, ERNEST G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Nuclear Standards Management Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 8/14/1981, Vol. 213 Issue 4509, p708; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - TOOHEY, R. E.
AU  - RUNDO, J.
AU  - ESSLING, M. A.
AU  - SHA, J. Y.
AU  - OLDHAM, R. D.
AU  - SEDLET, J.
AU  - ROBINSON, J. J.
T1  - Radioactivity Measurements of Former Military Personnel Exposed to Weapon Debris.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/08/14/
VL  - 213
IS  - 4509
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
EP  - 768
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Sixteen former military personnel who were present at the "Smoky" atmospheric nuclear weapon test have been investigated for internal deposits of radioactivity. Whole-body and thorax gamma-ray measurements, thorax and skeletal actinide measurements, and urinalyses for plutonium-239 and strontium-90 indicated no evidence of radioactivity in excess of that found in the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84691683; TOOHEY, R. E. 1; RUNDO, J. 1; ESSLING, M. A. 1; SHA, J. Y. 1; OLDHAM, R. D. 1; SEDLET, J. 2; ROBINSON, J. J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Center for Human Radiobiology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: Occupational Health and Safety Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: 8/14/1981, Vol. 213 Issue 4509, p767; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SLAGA, T. J.
AU  - KLEIN-SZANTO, A. J. P.
AU  - TRIPLETT, L. L.
AU  - YOTTI, L. P.
AU  - TRoSKO, J. E.
T1  - Skin Tumor-Promoting Activity of Benzoyl Peroxide, a Widely Used Free Radical-Generating Compound.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/08/28/
VL  - 213
IS  - 4511
M3  - Article
SP  - 1023
EP  - 1025
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Benzoyl peroxide, a widely used free radical-generating compound, promoted both papillomas and carcinomas when it was topically applied to mice after 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene initiation. Benzoyl peroxide was inactive on the skin as a complete carcinogen or as a tumor initiator. A single topical application of benzoyl peroxide produced a marked epidermal hyperplasia and induced a large number of dark basal keratinocytes, effects similar to those produced by the potent tumor promoter 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate. Benzoyl peroxide, like other known tumor promoters, also inhibited metabolic cooperation (intercellular communication) in Chinese hamster cells. In view of these results caution should be recommended in the use of this and other free radical-generating compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84691783; SLAGA, T. J. 1; KLEIN-SZANTO, A. J. P. 1; TRIPLETT, L. L. 1; YOTTI, L. P. 1; TRoSKO, J. E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824; Issue Info: 8/28/1981, Vol. 213 Issue 4511, p1023; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, John Clark
T1  - Synchrotron Radiation Probes of Biological Structure and Dynamics.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1981/09//
VL  - 31
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 587
EP  - 592
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Synchrotron radiation, produced when relativistic electrons pass through a magnetic field, includes all wavelengths from x-rays through the infrared. This and other unique properties make synchrotron radiation useful for studies of biological materials that require tunable x-ray, ultraviolet, or infrared radiation. Sources are increasingly available in the USA and abroad. (Accepted for publication 4 February 1981) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - Infrared radiation
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Probes (Electronic instruments)
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Relativistic particles
KW  - Magnetic fields
KW  - Wavelengths
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 28051246; Sutherland, John Clark 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biophysicist with the Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Sep1981, Vol. 31 Issue 8, p587; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Thesaurus Term: Infrared radiation; Subject Term: Synchrotron radiation; Subject Term: Probes (Electronic instruments); Subject Term: Morphology; Subject Term: Relativistic particles; Subject Term: Magnetic fields; Subject Term: Wavelengths; Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4782
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Mccarthy, J L
AU  - Marcus, A
AU  - Merrill, D W
T1  - Seedis project. A summary overview
JO  - Rep. No: PUB-424
JF  - Rep. No: PUB-424
Y1  - 1981/09//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The seedis project includes: a research program to investigate information systems spanning diverse data sources, computer hardware and operating systems; a testbed distributed information system running on a network of digital equipment corporation (dec) vax computers which is used for selected applications as well as research and development; a set of interactive information management and analysis tools in fields such as energy and resource planning, employment and training program management, and environmental epidermiology; and a major collection of databases for various geographic levels and time periods drawn from the us census bureau and other sources
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1801313; Mccarthy, J L; Marcus, A 2; Merrill, D W; Affiliations: 2 : California Univ., Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Sep. 1981; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Luxmoore, R. J.
T1  - CO2 AND PHYTOMASS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1981/10//
VL  - 31
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 626
EP  - 626
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to an article reviewing plant response to CO2, by Paul J. Kramer.
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 28051267; Luxmoore, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: Oct1981, Vol. 31 Issue 9, p626; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 551
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fainberg, Anthony
T1  - Osirak and international security.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1981/10//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 36
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article focuses on the views of the author regarding the repercussions of Israeli raid on Iraq on international security and nuclear nonproliferation. According to the author, the raid was a clear demonstration of one nation's contempt for safeguards. He suggests that imaginative effort is required to strengthen the International Atomic Energy Agency and to make international safeguards more credible, especially to the Third World countries having nuclear weapons capability.
KW  - RAIDS (Military science)
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - DEVELOPING countries
KW  - ISRAEL
KW  - IRAQ
KW  - Egypt and Sudan
KW  - Influences of other nations on national decisions
KW  - Internal Political Struggles
KW  - Iraq Kuwait
KW  - Kashmir and Goa; India and Pakistan
KW  - Libya and Tunisia
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Pakistan and Afghanistan
KW  - Peaceful uses of atomic energy
KW  - INTERNATIONAL Atomic Energy Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 24226679; Fainberg, Anthony 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Brookhaven National-Laboratory, Upton, New York (11973).;  Source Info: Oct1981, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p33; Subject Term: RAIDS (Military science); Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: DEVELOPING countries; Subject: ISRAEL; Subject: IRAQ; Author-Supplied Keyword: Egypt and Sudan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Influences of other nations on national decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal Political Struggles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iraq Kuwait; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kashmir and Goa; India and Pakistan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Libya and Tunisia; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pakistan and Afghanistan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful uses of atomic energy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Keenan, M M
T1  - Comparative performance evaluation of database management systems
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-13700
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-13700
Y1  - 1981/10//
M3  - Book Chapter
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1801234; Keenan, M M 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Oct. 1981; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 187p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeWitt, Hugh E.
AU  - Marsh, Gerald E.
T1  - Secrecy and the comprehensive test ban.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1981/11//
VL  - 37
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 54
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents the authors' comment on the classified document titled "National Security and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT)," by Joseph K. Landauer, associate director of the Livermore Laboratory .The document had arguments for and against the CTBT to be signed by the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The document contained  photographs of weapon components showing corrosion. According to the author, CTBT can help in preventing nuclear war but is not useful for weapons laboratories.
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing -- International cooperation
KW  - SECURITY classification (Government documents)
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - TREATIES
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - SOVIET Union
KW  - Influences of other nations on national decisions
KW  - METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS
KW  - Patterns of opinion spread and opinion change
KW  - Test Ban
KW  - LANDAUER, Joseph K.
N1  - Accession Number: 24226718; DeWitt, Hugh E.; Marsh, Gerald E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Reactor Analysis and Safety Division of Argonne National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Nov1981, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p53; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing -- International cooperation; Subject Term: SECURITY classification (Government documents); Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: TREATIES; Subject: UNITED States; Subject: SOVIET Union; Author-Supplied Keyword: Influences of other nations on national decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: METHODS AND MISCELLANEOUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Patterns of opinion spread and opinion change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test Ban; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bjornstad, David J.
T1  - Compensation Policy for Tax Exempt Property in Theory and Practice: Comment.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1981/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 660
EP  - 660
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - The article presents the author's comment on the paper "Compensation Policy for Tax Exempt Property in Theory and Practice," by Henry J. Raimondo, which was published in the February 1980 issue of the journal "Land Economics." In context to the discussion on the payment-in-lieu-of-tax program of the Tennessee Valley Authority as a tax equivalency program, he argues that this description inaccurately portrays the Tennessee Valley Authority payment program.
KW  - Tax exemption
KW  - Tax assessment
KW  - Taxation
KW  - Property tax relief
KW  - Property tax
KW  - Property
N1  - Accession Number: 5370573; Bjornstad, David J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Economic Analysis Section, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Nov81, Vol. 57 Issue 4, p660; Subject Term: Tax exemption; Subject Term: Tax assessment; Subject Term: Taxation; Subject Term: Property tax relief; Subject Term: Property tax; Subject Term: Property; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921130 Public Finance Activities; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Conway, Christine A.
AU  - Patti, Mitchell J.
T1  - SEED YIELDS (QUANTITY AND QUALITY) OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1981/11//
VL  - 89
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
EP  - 570
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Experiments were performed to determine changes in mass, protein content and carbohydrate content of seeds of soybean plants exposed to simulated acidic rain grown under standard agronomic practices and receiving ambient rainfall at Brookhaven National Laboratory during the summer of 1979. Plots were exposed three times per week to simulated rainfalls of pH 4.0, 3.1, 2.7 or 2.3 to provide inputs of 50, 397, 998 or 2506 μequiv. of hydrogen ions respectively, above ambient levels throughout the growing season. Control plots received no simulated rainfall treatments. The results indicate significant differences by both analysis of variance and two-tailed t-tests. These additional hydrogen ions decreased seed yields by 2.6, 6.5, 11.4 and 8.5%, respectively. A treatment-response function was determined between the hydrogen ion concentration of the treatments and seed yield. This function, y = 21.06 - 1.01 log x, has a correlation coefficient of minus 0.90 and its slope is significantly different from zero. Decreased yields were attributed to a decrease in number of pods per plant since seed number per pod and mass per seed did not vary among the treatments. On a per plant basis, total seed protein decreased by 10 and 19% in plants exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 4.0 and 3.1, respectively, compared with plants not exposed to simulated rainfalls. At these same treatment levels total non-structural carbohydrates did not decrease significantly. The results show that additional increments of simulated acidic rain can decrease seed biomass and protein content of field-grown soybeans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Forage plants
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Rain & rainfall
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Plant proteins
KW  - Scientific experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 12322380; Evans, Lance S. 1,2; Lewin, Keith F. 1; Conway, Christine A. 2; Patti, Mitchell J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, U.S.A.; 2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York 10471, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Nov81, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p459; Thesaurus Term: Forage plants; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Rain & rainfall; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Subject Term: Plant proteins; Subject Term: Scientific experimentation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LANGER, WILLIAM D.
AU  - SCHLOERB, F. PETER
AU  - SNELL, RONALD L.
AU  - YOUNG, JUDITH S.
AU  - ANDERS, EDWARD
AU  - HAYATSU, RYOICHI
T1  - Interstellar Chemistry: Polycyanoacetylene Formation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/11/06/
VL  - 214
IS  - 4521
M3  - Article
SP  - 688
EP  - 689
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84706908; LANGER, WILLIAM D. 1; SCHLOERB, F. PETER 2; SNELL, RONALD L. 2; YOUNG, JUDITH S. 2; ANDERS, EDWARD 3; HAYATSU, RYOICHI 4; Affiliations: 1: Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544; 2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003; 3: Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; 4: Divisioh of Chemistry, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 11/ 6/1981, Vol. 214 Issue 4521, p688; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LEIFER, R.
AU  - HINCHLIFFE, L.
AU  - FISENNE, I.
AU  - FRANKLIN, H.
AU  - KNUTSON, E.
AU  - OLDEN, M.
AU  - SEDLACEK, W.
AU  - MROZ, E.
AU  - CAHILL, T.
T1  - Measurements of the Stratospheric Plume from the Mount St. Helens Eruption: Radioactivity and Chemical Composition.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/11/20/
VL  - 214
IS  - 4523
M3  - Article
SP  - 904
EP  - 907
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Gas measurements made in the stratospheric plumefrom the eruption of Mount St. Helens on 18 May 1980 were not consistent with a reported large injection of radon-222 into the atmosphere. No enrichment in the volatile element polonium was found in filter samples, and the ratio of polonium-210 to lead-210 was not different from background values. Data obtained with an experimental impactor, flown shortly after the eruption, showed an increase of 103 in the stratospheric number concentration of submicrometer sulfate particles compared to concentrations before the eruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84711977; LEIFER, R. 1; HINCHLIFFE, L. 1; FISENNE, I. 1; FRANKLIN, H. 1; KNUTSON, E. 1; OLDEN, M. 1; SEDLACEK, W. 2; MROZ, E. 2; CAHILL, T. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Measurements Laboratory, Department of Energy, New York 10014; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; 3: Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, University of California, Davis 95616; Issue Info: 11/20/1981, Vol. 214 Issue 4523, p904; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Robinson, J
AU  - Hu, M
T1  - Doe's energy database (edb) versus other energy related databases. A comparative analysis
JO  - Database Magazine
JF  - Database Magazine
Y1  - 1981/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 27
SN  - 01624105
AB  - Edb is a very large multi-disciplinary database on energy, well indexed and well abstracted. It allows for specificity of searching, e.g. Through major descriptor pairs. It has good foreign coverage because of foreign exchange agreements. It is recommended that the doe energy database be searched fist on any energy or energy-related topic. Depending on the information needed, other databases may be searched in addition, to increase comprehensiveness.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1800246; Robinson, J; Hu, M 2; Affiliations: 2 : Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA;  Source Info: Dec. 1981, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p10; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MILLER, DONALD G.
T1  - Ionic Liquids.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/12/04/
VL  - 214
IS  - 4525
M3  - Article
SP  - 1124
EP  - 1124
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84704809; MILLER, DONALD G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore 94550; Issue Info: 12/ 4/1981, Vol. 214 Issue 4525, p1124; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ORTH, CHARLES J.
AU  - GILMORE, JAMES S.
AU  - KNIGHT, JERE D.
AU  - PILLMORE, CHARLES L.
AU  - TSCHUDY, ROBERT H.
AU  - FASSETT, JAMES E.
T1  - An Iridium Abundance Anomaly at the Palynological Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in Northern New Mexico.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1981/12/18/
VL  - 214
IS  - 4527
M3  - Article
SP  - 1341
EP  - 1343
SN  - 00368075
AB  - An iridium abundance anomaly, with concentrations up to 5000 parts per trillion over a background level of 4 to 20 parts per trillion, has been located in sedimentary rocks laid down underfreshwater swamp conditions in the Raton Basin of northeastern New Mexico. The anomaly occurs at the base of a coal bed, at the same stratigraphic position at which several well-known species of Cretaceous-age pollen became extinct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85345811; ORTH, CHARLES J. 1; GILMORE, JAMES S. 1; KNIGHT, JERE D. 1; PILLMORE, CHARLES L. 2; TSCHUDY, ROBERT H. 2; FASSETT, JAMES E. 3; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado 80225; 3: U.S. Geological Survey, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87125; Issue Info: 12/18/1981, Vol. 214 Issue 4527, p1341; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Dalal, J R
T1  - The data center budget: an overview
JO  - Auerbach Data Processing Management Library
JF  - Auerbach Data Processing Management Library
Y1  - 1982///
M3  - Book Chapter
SN  - 0442209126
AB  - To facilitate management planning and control the DCOM must understand the concepts and process of budgeting. The author provides an overview of the procedures used in developing and managing the data center budget. Book Published by Auerbach Publishers, Inc., United States, 1982
KW  - BUDGET
KW  - COMMAND & control systems
KW  - DATA processing
KW  - Budgets
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2001989; Dalal, J R 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY;  Source Info: 1982; Note: Place of Publication: United States; Note: Publisher: Auerbach Publishers, Inc.; Note: Update Code: 2000; Subject Term: BUDGET; Subject Term: COMMAND & control systems; Subject Term: DATA processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Budgets; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril D.
T1  - Skin lesions in the tail of the spiny dogfish, <em>Squalus acanthias</em> L.
JO  - Journal of Fish Diseases
JF  - Journal of Fish Diseases
Y1  - 1982/01//
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 74
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407775
AB  - The article presents the findings of a study, which examined the skin lesions in the tail of the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias L. In this study, the author found that the tumescent area of the tail of the adult dogfish was gray in color and occurred on both sides of the heterocercal caudal fin, covering the caudat extremity of the spinal column at the point where the column turned up into the dorsal lobe of the caudal fin. It was particularly well developed from the point of insertion of the caudal fin to the end of the anterior portion of the ventral lobe.
KW  - Spiny dogfish
KW  - Squalidae
KW  - Skin diseases
KW  - Skin abnormalities
KW  - Tails
KW  - Vertebrae
N1  - Accession Number: 15359435; Woodhead, Avril D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York, and Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Maine, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jan1982, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p71; Thesaurus Term: Spiny dogfish; Thesaurus Term: Squalidae; Subject Term: Skin diseases; Subject Term: Skin abnormalities; Subject Term: Tails; Subject Term: Vertebrae; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cabelli, Diane
AU  - Mathews, Thomas F.
T1  - THE PALETTE OF KHATCHATUR OF KHIZAN.
JO  - Journal of the Walters Art Gallery
JF  - Journal of the Walters Art Gallery
Y1  - 1982/01//
VL  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 40
SN  - 00837156
AB  - The illuminated gospel MS.W.543 reworks the iconographic and stylistic traditions of Armenian art in a rather original way. A pigment analysis of the miniatures tends to show that the artist, Khatchatur of Khizan, was original in his palette as well, using traditional pigments in a novel way and adding new ones such us realgar, organic beige, and smalt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Walters Art Gallery is the property of Walters Art Museum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Armenian art
KW  - Illumination of books & manuscripts
KW  - Miniature craft
KW  - Artists
KW  - Paint materials
KW  - Ancient art
N1  - Accession Number: 34196859; Cabelli, Diane 1; Mathews, Thomas F. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; 2 : Institute of Fine Arts, New York University;  Source Info: 1982, Vol. 40, p37; Thesaurus Term: Armenian art; Thesaurus Term: Illumination of books & manuscripts; Thesaurus Term: Miniature craft; Thesaurus Term: Artists; Thesaurus Term: Paint materials; Thesaurus Term: Ancient art; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.
T1  - Seedis. The socio-economic environmental demographic information system (release notes for version 1.3)
JO  - Rep. No: DOE/DF-83/010B
JF  - Rep. No: DOE/DF-83/010B
Y1  - 1982///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Seedis, the lawrence berkeley laboratory (lbl) socio-economic environmental demographic information system provides a unified framework for data management, information retieval, statistical analysis, and graphical display. Using seedis, non-programmer users can efficiently access and manipulate large, diverse, and distributed statistical data bases. In some of these respects, seedis is similar to systems such as upgrade and the decision information display system (dids). This document contains the release notes for version 1.3. The notes include installation instructions
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1801306; California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.; Source Info: 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 139p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab
T1  - Proceedings of the sixth berkeley workshop on distributed data management and computer networks
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-13452, CONF-820201-DE82007917
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-13452, CONF-820201-DE82007917
Y1  - 1982///
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - A distributed data base management system allows data to be stored at multiple locations and to be accessed as a single unified data base. In this workshop, seventeen papers were presented which have been prepared separately for the energy data base. These items deal with data transfer, protocols and management
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1801050; California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab; Source Info: 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 391p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STEINKAMP, JOHN A.
AU  - WILSON, JULIE S.
AU  - SAUNDERS, GEORGE C.
AU  - STEWART, CARLETON C.
T1  - Phagocytosis: Flow Cytometric Quantitation with Fluorescent Microspheres.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/01//1/1/1982
VL  - 215
IS  - 4528
M3  - Article
SP  - 64
EP  - 66
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The phagocytosis of uniform fluorescent latex particles by pulmonary macrophages in the rat was analyzed by flow cytometric methods. The percentage of phagocytic macrophages and the number of particles per cell were determined from cell-size and fluorescence histograms. A comparison of in vivo and in vitro phagocytosis data showed that the percentage of phagocytic lavaged macrophages reflected the availability of instilled particles. With sodium azide used to model phagocytosis inhibition, it was shown that the percentage of phagocytic cells and the number of particles per cell can be determined simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87460327; STEINKAMP, JOHN A. 1; WILSON, JULIE S. 1; SAUNDERS, GEORGE C. 1; STEWART, CARLETON C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 1/1/1982, Vol. 215 Issue 4528, p64; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - GREENBAUM, ELIAS
T1  - Photosynthetic Hydrogen and Oxygen Production: Kinetic Studies.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/01/15/
VL  - 215
IS  - 4530
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 293
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Steady-state turnover times for simultaneous photosynthetic production of hydrogen and oxygen have been measured for two systems: the in vitro system comprised of isolated chloroplasts, ferredoxin, and hydrogenase, and the anaerobically adapted green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [137c(+) mating type]. In both systems, the simultaneous photoproduction of hydrogen and oxygen was measured by driving the systems into the steady state with repetitive, single-turnover, flash illumination. The turnover times for production of both oxygen and hydrogen in photosynthetic water splitting are in milliseconds and are equal to or less than the turnover time for carbon dioxide reduction in intact algal cells. The oxygen and hydrogen turnover times are therefore compatible with each other and partially compatible with the excitation rate of the photosynthetic reaction centers under conditions of solar irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84704939; GREENBAUM, ELIAS 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1/15/1982, Vol. 215 Issue 4530, p291; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shugart, H. H.
T1  - NORTHERN FORESTS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1982/02//
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 144
EP  - 144
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "The Boreal Ecosystem," by James A. Larsen.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Larsen, James A.
KW  - Boreal Ecosystem, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050103; Shugart, H. H. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Feb1982, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p144; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 392
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bjornstad, D. J.
T1  - Local Economic Impacts Associated with Pure Taxable Capacity Changes.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1982/02//
VL  - 58
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - In this article, an attempt is made to extend the fiscal-impact model to include impacts on the local private sector that stem from local public-sector changes. More specifically, attention is focused on the limiting case, in which new private sector development yields positive changes in fiscal capacity, but does not increase public-service demands or interact with the local private sector. Interest in this issue stems from an analysis of the local impacts of constructing and operating nuclear power stations. From the community's point of view, importing tax dollars occurs much like an open-ended matching grant. For every dollar the community chooses to raise locally through taxation, it imports a matching amount, with the matching rate given by the ratio of imported taxable capacity to local taxable capacity. Local public services become less expensive, relative to private services, when this ratio increases. Once a community makes a decision as to a tax rate following a pure taxable capacity change, the degree to which its impact will affect the local economy is dependent on a number of additional behavioral parameters.
KW  - Nuclear power plants
KW  - Income tax
KW  - Local taxation
KW  - Fiscal policy
KW  - Public sector
KW  - Taxation
KW  - Economics
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 5360097; Bjornstad, D. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Economist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Economic Analysis Section.; Issue Info: Feb82, Vol. 58 Issue 1, p118; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear power plants; Subject Term: Income tax; Subject Term: Local taxation; Subject Term: Fiscal policy; Subject Term: Public sector; Subject Term: Taxation; Subject Term: Economics; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921130 Public Finance Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Merrill, D W
T1  - Problems in spatial data analysis
JO  - Problems in spatial data analysis
JF  - Problems in spatial data analysis
Y1  - 1982/02//
M3  - Book
AB  - In seedis, the socio-economic environmental demographic information system at lawrence berkeley laboratory (lbl) some 70 geographic levels (e.g. 1970 or 1980 counties) are defined, corresponding to archived data files. If efficiency considerations are ignored, each file needs to be stored only at the most detailed level for which the data are complete. Geocode correspondence files provide the information required to transform data from any level to any other level. Inevitably, disaggregation requires ad hoc proportionality assumptions; different assumptions are suitable for different applications. In seedis, unlike other systems, these assumptions are under the user's control. The seedis geocode conversion files' and proxy variable files can be used to aggregate and disaggregate arbitrary data files, either within or outside seedis.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1804372; Merrill, D W 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. Of California, Berkeley, Ca;  Source Info: Feb. 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Book
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Cerny, B A
AU  - Lawrence, J D
T1  - Interactive indexing-editing system for doe technical information center
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-14049,CONF-820624-1
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-14049,CONF-820624-1
Y1  - 1982/02//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - A system to provide computer assisted aids to document indexing for the department of energy technical information center energy information data base is being developed. The goal is to allow more efficient processing of documents and document surrogates by using interactive computer techniques rather than the current combination of manual indexing and batch computer processing. It draws on automatic indexing techniques, but includes the indexer as an integral element of the system; he is the decision-maker while the computer provides clerical support. This approach is transferable to other large production systems
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1803827; Cerny, B A 1; Lawrence, J D; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Feb. 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HAFEMAN, DEAN G.
AU  - MCCONNELL, HARDEN M.
AU  - GRAY, JOE W.
AU  - DEAN, PHILIP N.
T1  - Neutrophil Activation Monitored by Flow Cytometry: Stimulation by Phorbol Diester Is an All-or-None Event.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/02/05/
VL  - 215
IS  - 4533
M3  - Article
SP  - 673
EP  - 675
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The population dynamics of single-cell stimulation was analyzed by monitoring autofluorescence byflow cytometry. Stimulation of the respiratory burst in human neutrophils by 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) caused a decline in highly fluorescent cells (characteristic of resting neutrophils) and a corresponding increase in the number of weakly fluorescent cells (characteristic of activated neutrophils). Increasing concentrations of TPA caused increasing numbers of cells to shift from the highly fluorescent population to the weakly fluorescent population without the appearance of intermediate populations. Thus the neutrophil respiratory burst, a component of neutrophil cytotoxic response, is triggered in an all-or none fashion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84704995; HAFEMAN, DEAN G. 1; MCCONNELL, HARDEN M. 1; GRAY, JOE W. 2; DEAN, PHILIP N. 2; Affiliations: 1: Stauffer Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, Stanford, California 94305; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Biomedical Sciences Division, Livermore 94550; Issue Info: 2/ 5/1982, Vol. 215 Issue 4533, p673; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CARRIGAN, CHARLES R.
T1  - Multiple-Scale Convection in the Earth's Mantle: A Three-Dimensional Study.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/02/19/
VL  - 215
IS  - 4535
M3  - Article
SP  - 965
EP  - 967
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Laboratory experiments suggest that a convective regime characterized by two length scales of motion is a reasonable model for circulations in the earth's upper mantle. The flows of largest horizontal scale represent a likely plate-driving mechanism, required by some theories of plate tectonics. It is also suggested that the small-scale circulations could influence -the chemical evolution of the mantle by extracting primitive mantle material that is otherwise entrained in the large-scale flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88003644; CARRIGAN, CHARLES R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth Sciences, Bullard Laboratories, Cambridge University,' Cambridge, England, and Geophysical Research Division, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87115; Issue Info: 2/19/1982, Vol. 215 Issue 4535, p965; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WEBB, ROBERT B.
AU  - BROWN, MICKEY S.
T1  - Genetic Damage in Escherichia coli K12 AB2480 by Broad-Spectrum Near-Ultraviolet Radiation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/02/19/
VL  - 215
IS  - 4535
M3  - Article
SP  - 991
EP  - 993
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Irradiation with either broad-spectrum near-ultraviolet Lfluorescent BLB (black light blue)] or monochromatic wavelengths in the near-ultraviolet range (320 to 400 nanometers) can cause specific damage to DNA as shown in experiments with Escherichia coli K12 AB2480 at the stationary phase of growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88003656; WEBB, ROBERT B. 1; BROWN, MICKEY S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 2/19/1982, Vol. 215 Issue 4535, p991; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Vernon L.
AU  - Williams, Arlington W.
AU  - Bratton, W. Kenneth
AU  - Vannoni, Michael G.
T1  - Competitive Market Institutions: Double Auctions vs. Sealed Bid-Offer Auctions.
JO  - American Economic Review
JF  - American Economic Review
Y1  - 1982/03//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 58
PB  - American Economic Association
SN  - 00028282
AB  - Based on the forty-eight experiments comprising the present study our conclusions can be summarized as follows: 1. Prices are nearer to their theoretical competitive equilibrium values in the DA than in the PQ mechanism. In PQ, the price-quantity outcomes are best explained by a monopoly-monopsony equilibrium in which it is hypothesized that buyers withhold demand in an attempt to obtain a monopsony profit; sellers simultaneously withhold supply in an attempt to achieve monopoly profits; and that the two sides settle on a split-the-difference compromise price half way between the monopoly and the monopsony price. 2. Overall efficiencies are significantly higher under DA exchange than under the PQ mechanism. However, this efficiency difference is smaller for the period 7 efficiency comparison than for the comparison of over-all efficiency. This narrowing of the difference suggests the possibility that with more experience subjects in PQ may approach the efficiencies obtained in DA. 3. The unanimity tâtonnement version of the sealed-bid mechanism, PQv, does not provide an improvement in performance over the PQ mechanism with short-term contracting. Efficiency and the price outcomes in PQv are as erratic as in PQ. 4. The P(Q) mechanism, which allows buyers (sellers) to submit demand (supply) schedules, yields better results in terms of price and efficiency outcomes than is obtained with PQ. Although P(Q) does not perform as well as DA, it comes closer to the DA standard than does PQ. This result is contrary to expectations based on Nash equilibrium theory since the competitive equilibria are among the Nash equilibria for PQ but not for P(Q) (computed net of commissions). 5. Adding the unanimity tâtonnement feature to this last mechanism, called P(Q)v, yields performance at least as good as DA. Again, this is not consistent with Nash predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Economic Review is the property of American Economic Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUCTIONS
KW  - MARKETS
KW  - LETTING of contracts
KW  - PRICES
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM (Economics)
KW  - SUPPLY & demand
KW  - PROFIT
KW  - COMPETITION
N1  - Accession Number: 4504932; Smith, Vernon L. 1; Williams, Arlington W. 2; Bratton, W. Kenneth 3; Vannoni, Michael G. 4; Affiliations: 1: Professor, department of economics, University of Arizona.; 2: Assistant professor, department of economics, Indiana University.; 3: Instructor, department of economics, University of Arizona.; 4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM.; Issue Info: Mar1982, Vol. 72 Issue 1, p58; Thesaurus Term: AUCTIONS; Thesaurus Term: MARKETS; Thesaurus Term: LETTING of contracts; Thesaurus Term: PRICES; Thesaurus Term: EQUILIBRIUM (Economics); Thesaurus Term: SUPPLY & demand; Thesaurus Term: PROFIT; Subject Term: COMPETITION; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 8 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenney, Francis T.
AU  - Lee, Kai-Lin
T1  - Turnover of Gene Products in the Control of Gene Expression.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1982/03//
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 184
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The role of turnover of messenger RNAs and proteins in determining the steady-state levels of intracellular enzymes was analyzed by comparing the parameters governing levels of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and alanine aminotransferase (AAT) of rat liver. Programming of AAT is characterized by low rates of synthesis and turnover of both mRNA and enzyme. TAT mRNA is produced much faster but this product, like the enzyme, undergoes rapid turnover, resulting in a low steady-state level of this enzyme. Programming of TAT expression appears to be designed for regulation. (Accepted for publication 12 October 1981) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Messenger RNA
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Aminotransferases
KW  - Amino acids
KW  - Intracellular pathogens
KW  - Tyrosine
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Biomolecules
N1  - Accession Number: 28051427; Kenney, Francis T. 1; Lee, Kai-Lin 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Mar1982, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p181; Subject Term: Messenger RNA; Subject Term: Gene expression; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Aminotransferases; Subject Term: Amino acids; Subject Term: Intracellular pathogens; Subject Term: Tyrosine; Subject Term: Enzymes; Subject Term: Biomolecules; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane K.
T1  - GENETIC ENGINEERING MANUAL.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1982/03//
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 212
EP  - 212
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Advanced Bacterial Genetics: A Manual for Genetic Engineering," edited by R. W. Davis, D. Botstein and J. R. Roth.
KW  - Genetic engineering
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Davis, R. W.
KW  - Botstein, D.
KW  - Roth, J. R.
KW  - Advanced Bacterial Genetics: A Manual for Genetic Engineering (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28051435; Setlow, Jane K. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Mar1982, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p212; Thesaurus Term: Genetic engineering; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 422
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. M. Demontmollin
AU  - Anthony Fainberg
AU  - W.A. Higinbotham
AU  - E.V. Weinstock
T1  - On IAEA safeguards.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1982/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 41
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents the authors' views on the activities of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The agency is neither a regulator nor a promoter. It has no legal authority to impose regulations or to enforce them; that authority is held by the state having jurisdiction. The agency's safeguard activities include monitoring and auditing and not regulation, which are then subject to voluntary agreements with individual states.
KW  - COMPETENT authority
KW  - GUIDELINES
KW  - LEGAL authorities
KW  - JURISDICTION (International law)
KW  - TREATIES
KW  - INTERNATIONAL Atomic Energy Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 24226550; J. M. Demontmollin 1; Anthony Fainberg 2; W.A. Higinbotham 2; E.V. Weinstock 2; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544.; 2 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, New York 11719.;  Source Info: Mar1982, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p39; Subject Term: COMPETENT authority; Subject Term: GUIDELINES; Subject Term: LEGAL authorities; Subject Term: JURISDICTION (International law); Subject Term: TREATIES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Judd, Bruce R.
AU  - Weissenberger, Stein
T1  - A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO NUCLEAR SAFEGUARDS DECISION-MAKING.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1982/03//
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 302
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - The regulatory decision on how safe a safeguarded nuclear facility should be depends on a trade-off between diversion risk and the cost of reducing that risk. Given that one plans to build the plant, the optimum level of safeguards is achieved when the cost of further risk reduction exceeds the benefit from lower risk. This paper develops quantitative models of factors that influence this risk/cost trade-off. A basic conceptual structure is presented, and a detailed example is used to illustrate the methodology for optimal regulation setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Management Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH technology industries
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - RISK management in business
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - QUANTITATIVE research
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities -- Safety measures
KW  - SAFETY measures
KW  - STUDY & teaching
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Cost-Benefit Analysis
KW  - Decision Analysis
KW  - Nuclear Safeguards
KW  - U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
N1  - Accession Number: 7360871; Judd, Bruce R. 1; Weissenberger, Stein 2; Affiliations: 1: Applied Decision Analysis, Inc.; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Mar82, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p289; Thesaurus Term: HIGH technology industries; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: RISK management in business; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: COST effectiveness; Thesaurus Term: PROBLEM solving; Thesaurus Term: QUANTITATIVE research; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities -- Safety measures; Subject Term: SAFETY measures; Subject Term: STUDY & teaching; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decision Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear Safeguards ; Company/Entity: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Wong, H K T
T1  - Proceedings of the first lbl workshop on statistical database management
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-13851, CONF-811208
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-13851, CONF-811208
Y1  - 1982/03//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The workshop on statistical database management was intended to serve as a forum in which users, system builders, and database researchers could exchange ideas on the applications, techniques, problems, and requirements of statistical database management. The term statistical databases refers to databases that represent statistical or summary information and that are used for statistical analysis. Typically, these databases contain quantitative information, such as population counts and combinations of descriptive information, and such as race and sex for each quantitative measure. Individual items from the workshop were prepared separately for the database.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1800941; Wong, H K T 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Mar. 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 413p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - COLES, DAVID G.
AU  - RAMSPOTT, LAWRENCE D.
T1  - Migration of Ruthenium-106 in a Nevada Test Site Aquifer: Discrepancy Between Field and Laboratory Results.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/03/05/
VL  - 215
IS  - 4537
M3  - Article
SP  - 1235
EP  - 1237
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Ruthenium-i06 has been observed to migrate in ground water at about the same velocity as tritium from the site of an underground nuclear explosion to a pumped satellite well 91 meters distant. This finding contradicts the prediction, based on laboratory batch sorption measurements, that ruthenium-106 should migrate at a much lower rate than tritium. To predict migration of radionuclides in ground water, more relevant laboratory measurements are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 88017650; COLES, DAVID G. 1; RAMSPOTT, LAWRENCE D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; 2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: 3/ 5/1982, Vol. 215 Issue 4537, p1235; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DAVIDSON, J. B.
AU  - CASE, A. L.
T1  - Rapid Electronic Autofluorography of Labeled Macromolecules on Two-Dimensional Gels.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/03/12/
VL  - 215
IS  - 4538
M3  - Article
SP  - 1398
EP  - 1400
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The feasibility of electronically. locating and measuring tritium-labeled macromolecules directly on dried electrophoretic gels has been demonstrated. This new procedure eliminates the usual long film exposure in autofluorography and the attendant delay in processing and data reduction. An image intensifier and electronic camera tube are used to integrate the light produced by the tritium interaction with a scintillator incorporated in the gel. Preliminary results show that, compared to film, the exposure is reduced 100 to 1000 times. The response to low activity levels is improved, and spatial resolution is maintained. A proposed instrument could be used for measuring other isotopes as well as fluorescent and visible stains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87460345; DAVIDSON, J. B. 1; CASE, A. L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Instrumentation and Controls Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box X, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 3/12/1982, Vol. 215 Issue 4538, p1398; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LINDBERG, STEVEN E.
AU  - HARRISS, ROBERT C.
AU  - TURNER, RALPH R.
T1  - Atmospheric Deposition of Metals to Forest Vegetation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/03/26/
VL  - 215
IS  - 4540
M3  - Article
SP  - 1609
EP  - 1611
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Atmospheric deposition during the growing season contributes one-third or more of the estimated total flux of lead, zinc, and cadium from the forest canopy to soils beneath an oak stand in the Tennessee Valley but less than 10 percent of the flux of manganese. The ratio of the wet to dry depositionflux to the vegetation during this period ranges from 0.1 for manganese to 0.8 for lead to ~ 3 to 4 for cadmium and zinc. Interactions between metal particles deposited on dry leaf surfaces and subsequent acid precipitation can result in metal concentrations on leaves that are considerably higher than those in rain alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84705120; LINDBERG, STEVEN E. 1; HARRISS, ROBERT C. 2; TURNER, RALPH R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830; 2: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23665; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 3/26/1982, Vol. 215 Issue 4540, p1609; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - O'Brien, John N.
T1  - Fuel without ideology.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1982/04//
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 51
EP  - 51
SN  - 00963402
AB  - The article presents the author's views on the ongoing debate over the issue of nuclear energy development in the U.S. government. He focuses on some important points that may emerge in the debate including the difficulty in holding a middle position on nuclear energy development and lack of an intellectual balance between both the followers and the opponents of nuclear energy. He proposes to hold a more honest debate over the issue and pay attention to the observers who hold middle ground.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR energy -- Government policy
KW  - DEBATES & debating
KW  - UNITED States -- Politics & government
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 24226582; O'Brien, John N. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Member, Technical Support Organization for Nuclear Safeguards, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.;  Source Info: Apr1982, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p51; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy -- Government policy; Subject Term: DEBATES & debating; Subject Term: UNITED States -- Politics & government; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - A New Prosperity: Building a Sustainable Energy Future.
JO  - Policy Sciences
JF  - Policy Sciences
Y1  - 1982/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 198
EP  - 202
SN  - 00322687
AB  - Reviews the book "A New Prosperity: Building a Sustainable Energy Future."
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - NEW Prosperity: Building a Sustainable Energy Future, A (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 16838045; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Apr1982, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p198; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NEW Prosperity: Building a Sustainable Energy Future, A (Book); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Mccarthy, J L
AU  - Benson, W H
AU  - Merrill, D W
T1  - Seedis. The Socio-Economic-Environmental Demographic Information System (Summary Overview)
JO  - Rep. No: PUB-424, DOE/DF-82/010A
JF  - Rep. No: PUB-424, DOE/DF-82/010A
Y1  - 1982/04//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Seedis is a research and development project on social environmental, and demographic information systems at the lawrence berkeley laboratory (lbl). It includes: (1) a research program within lbl's computer science and mathematics department to investigate information systems spanning diverse data sources, computer hardware and operating systems; (2) a tested distributed information system running on a network of digital equipment corporation (dec) vax computers, which is used for selected applications as well as research and development; (3) a set of interactive information management and analysis tools for fields such as energy and resource planning, employment and training program management, and environmental epidemiology; and (4) a major collection of databases for various geographic levels and time periods, drawn from the u.s. Census bureau and other sources.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1801314; Mccarthy, J L 1; Benson, W H; Merrill, D W; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Apr. 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 39p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raynor, Gilbert
AU  - Hayes, Janet
T1  - Concentrations of some ionic species in Central Long Island, New York precipitation in relation to meteorological variables.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1982/04//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 335
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Three years of hourly sequential precipitation data from central Long Island, New York were analyzed to determine the concentrations of major anions and cations and their relationships to each other and to meteorological conditions. Findings with respect to sulfate, nitrogen in nitrate plus nitrite, nitrogen in ammonium, chloride and sodium ions and selected ratios are reported here. Concentrations of each of the first three species were highly correlated with concentrations of the others and with hydrogen ions. Little correlation was found between these species and either sodium or chloride ions but the latter two were highly correlated with each other. Concentrations of the first three species are highest in summer and lowest in winter. High concentrations were also found with cold front and squall line precipitation and with rain showers and thundershowers. Concentrations of these species are high with both low and high precipitation rates. Concentrations are highest with west and northwest winds due to the presence of major source regions in those directions. They are high with both low and high temperatures but lower in the moderate temperature range. Concentrations are high with low (3.0 to 3.9) and with high (6.0 to 6.9) pH but less at intermediate levels. Thus, concentrations of these species in precipitation are determined by complex chemical and meteorological interactions and relationships. Chloride and sodium were found to be largely of marine origin. Highest concentrations occur in the fall and with hurricanes, strong winds, and onshore wind directions. Concentrations decrease with increasing precipitation rate. At low concentrations, the chloride/sodium ratio is above the seawater ratio and excess chloride is present. At high concentrations the ratio is below the seawater ratio and a chloride deficit exists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ions
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Quantitative research
KW  - Long Island (N.Y.)
KW  - New York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 71549399; Raynor, Gilbert 1; Hayes, Janet 1; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton U.S.A.; Issue Info: Apr1982, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p309; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject Term: Quantitative research; Subject: Long Island (N.Y.); Subject: New York (State); Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00283161
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - COWAN, G. A.
AU  - HAXTON, W. C.
T1  - Solar Neutrino Production of Technetium-97 and Technetium-98.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/04/02/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4541
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 54
SN  - 00368075
AB  - It may be possible to determine the boron-8 solar neutrinoflux, averaged over the past several million years, from the concentration of technetium-98 in molybdenite. The mass spectrometry of this system is greatly simplified by the absence of stable technetium isotopes, and the presence of the fission product technetium-99 provides a monitoi of uiranium-induced backgrounds. This geochemical experiment could provide thefirst test of nonstandard solar models that suggest a relation between the chb!rine-37 solar neutrino puzzle and the recent ice age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84705168; COWAN, G. A. 1; HAXTON, W. C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, and Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 4/ 2/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4541, p51; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mynatt, F. R.
T1  - Nuclear Reactor Safet.v, Research Since Three Mile Island.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/04/09/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4542
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 135
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84705188; Mynatt, F. R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Director, Instrumentation and Controls Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 4/ 9/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4542, p131; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GENTRY, ROBERT V.
AU  - SWORSKI, THOMAS J.
AU  - MCKOWN, HENRY S.
AU  - SMITH, DAVID H.
AU  - EBY, R. E.
AU  - CHRISTIE, W. H.
T1  - Differential Lead Retention in Zircons: Implications for Nuclear Waste Containment.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/04/16/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4543
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
EP  - 298
SN  - 00368075
AB  - An innovative ultrasensitive technique was used for lead isotopic analysis of individual zircons extracted from granite core samples at depths of 960, 2170, 2900, 3930, and 4310 meters. The results show that lead, a relatively mobile element compared to the nuclear waste-related actinides uranium and thorium, has been highly retained at elevated temperatures (1050 to 313°C) under conditions relevant to the burial of synthetic rock waste containers in deep granite holes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84705261; GENTRY, ROBERT V. 1; SWORSKI, THOMAS J. 1; MCKOWN, HENRY S. 2; SMITH, DAVID H. 2; EBY, R. E. 2; CHRISTIE, W. H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Analytical Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 4/16/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4543, p296; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril D.
T1  - RECOMMENDED READING ON THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1982/05//
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 351
EP  - 351
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Cell Biology of Extracellular Matrix," edited by Elizabeth D. Hay.
KW  - Cytology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Hay, Elizabeth D.
KW  - Cell Biology of Extracellular Matrix (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28051517; Woodhead, Avril D. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Long Island, NY 11973;  Source Info: May1982, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p351; Subject Term: Cytology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 437
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CARLSON JR., PAUL R.
AU  - FORREST, JosEPH
T1  - Uptake of Dissolved Sulfide by Spartina alterniflora: Evidence from Natural Sulfur Isotope Abundance Ratios.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/05/07/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4546
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
EP  - 635
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The difference in the stable sulfur isotope ratios of sulfate and sulfide in marsh pore water was used to verify the uptake of hydrogen sulfide by the salt marsh cordgrass Spartina alterniflora in a North Carolina salt marsh. Most of the plant sulfur derived from pore-water sulfide was recovered as sulfate, an indication that the sulfide had been oxidized within the plant. The analysis of the sulfur isotope ratios of other coastal halophytes may be a useful technique for determining whether sulfide is taken up by plants in saline wetlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84705411; CARLSON JR., PAUL R. 1; FORREST, JosEPH 2; Affiliations: 1: Harbor Branch Foundation, Route 1, Post office Box 196, Fort Pierces Florida 33450; 2: Environmental Chemistry Division, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 5/ 7/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4546, p633; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MARCIANO, WILLIAM J.
T1  - The Nature of Matter.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/05/21/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4548
M3  - Article
SP  - 881
EP  - 881
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84705521; MARCIANO, WILLIAM J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 5/21/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4548, p881; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Inhaber, Herbert
T1  - On Discussion of Risk of Energy Systems.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1982/06//
VL  - 72
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 613
EP  - 614
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Assessing Risks of Energy"
KW  - Force & energy
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 4949843; Inhaber, Herbert 1; Affiliations: 1: Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Issue Info: Jun82, Vol. 72 Issue 6, p613; Thesaurus Term: Force & energy; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.
T1  - Distributed computer network (dcn) and socio-economic environmental demographic information system (seedis). Annual report, fiscal year 1981
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-14713
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-14713
Y1  - 1982/06//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - Dcn/seedis is a project which addresses both short term and long term computing needs of the employment and training administration of the department of labor. Broadly speaking, the dcn addresses the short term and operational needs of eta, while seedis addresses longer term needs and directions. Both protions are based on the premise that fundamental changes are required in the way computing is done, if it is to respond adequately to user needs
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1803637; California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.; Source Info: Jun. 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 43p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CASTEN, RICHARD E.
T1  - Nuclear Structure.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/06/04/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4550
M3  - Article
SP  - 1104
EP  - 1104
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84705618; CASTEN, RICHARD E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 6/ 4/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4550, p1104; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BARR, SUMNER
AU  - HEFFTER, JEROME L.
T1  - Meteorological Analysis of the Eruption of Soufriere in April 1979.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/06/04/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4550
M3  - Article
SP  - 1109
EP  - 1111
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Meteorological upper-air data, in conjunction with satellite imagery, lidar light detection and ranging returns, and aircraft sampling, aid in the determination of plume altitude and transport. The estimated trajectories indicate that the ash was transported eastward across the Atlantic to Africa in 3 to 5 days and that there was modest meridional transport as far as 15° poleward during the first week of travel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84705623; BARR, SUMNER 1; HEFFTER, JEROME L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910; Issue Info: 6/ 4/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4550, p1109; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BARR, SUMNER
T1  - Skirt Clouds Associated with the Soufriere Eruption of 17 April 1979.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/06/04/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4550
M3  - Article
SP  - 1111
EP  - 1112
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A fortuitous and dramatic photograph of the Soufriere eruption column of 17 April 1979 displays a series of highly structured skirt clouds. The gentle distortion of thin, quasi-horizontal layers of moist air has been documented in meteorological situations. It is proposed that at St. Vincent subhorizontal layers of moist air were intensely deformed by the rapidly rising eruption column and were carried to higher altitudes, where they condensed to form the skirt clouds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84705624; BARR, SUMNER 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 6/ 4/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4550, p1111; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SEDLACEK, WILLIAM A.
AU  - HEIKEN, GRANT
AU  - ZOLLER, WILLIAM H.
AU  - GERMANI, MARK S.
T1  - Aerosols from the Soufriere Eruption Plume of 17 April 1979.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/06/04/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4550
M3  - Article
SP  - 1119
EP  - 1121
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Aerosol samples collected from the 17 April 1979 eruption plume of Soufriere, St. Vincent, at altitudes between 1.8 and 5.5 kilometers were physically and chemically very similar to the ash that fell on the island. Higher altitude samples (7.3 and 9.5 kilometers) had a much lower ash content but comparable concentrations of sulfate, which were above the background concentration found at these altitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84705628; SEDLACEK, WILLIAM A. 1; HEIKEN, GRANT 1; ZOLLER, WILLIAM H. 2; GERMANI, MARK S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park 20742; Issue Info: 6/ 4/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4550, p1119; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LUDLAM, T.
T1  - Techniques and Concepts of High-Energy Physics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/06/11/
VL  - 216
IS  - 4551
M3  - Article
SP  - 1216
EP  - 1216
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84705665; LUDLAM, T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 6/11/1982, Vol. 216 Issue 4551, p1216; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Mclane, Victoria
AU  - Heldman, Betty L.
T1  - KEYWORTH AND WOMEN IN SCIENCE.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1982/07//Jul/Aug1982
VL  - 32
IS  - 7
M3  - Letter
SP  - 564
EP  - 564
SN  - 00063568
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the question "Do You Feel That Qualified Women in Science Have Opportunities Equal to Men in the United States?," asked by physicist George A. Keyworth, in an interview published in the December 1981 issue.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Women in science
N1  - Accession Number: 28050121; Mclane, Victoria 1; Heldman, Betty L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Group Coordinators, Executive Board, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Women in Science, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Jul/Aug1982, Vol. 32 Issue 7, p564; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Women in science; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 282
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Selkirk, James K.
AU  - MacLeod, Michael C.
T1  - Chemical Carcinogenesis: Nature's Metabolic Mistake.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1982/07//Jul/Aug1982
VL  - 32
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
EP  - 605
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The normal biochemical defense against, toxic chemicals, such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons, is to attach functional groups, such as hydroxyl, glucuronic acid, glutathione, etc. that tend to make the chemicals more water-soluble and readily excretabie as harmless derivatives. However, chemical carcinogens form highly reactive intermediates on the path to final detoxification. These chemically unstable compounds, once formed, can readily attack cellular macromolecules, such as DNA, RNA, and protein, and alkylation of genetic material by these substances is critically involved with malignant transformation and mutagenesis. (Accepted for publication 5 February 1982) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemical carcinogenesis
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Hazardous substances
KW  - Mutagenesis
KW  - Glucuronic acid
KW  - Glutathione
KW  - Metabolic detoxification
KW  - Macromolecules
KW  - Alkylation
N1  - Accession Number: 28050134; Selkirk, James K. 1; MacLeod, Michael C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830;  Source Info: Jul/Aug1982, Vol. 32 Issue 7, p601; Thesaurus Term: Chemical carcinogenesis; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substances; Thesaurus Term: Mutagenesis; Subject Term: Glucuronic acid; Subject Term: Glutathione; Subject Term: Metabolic detoxification; Subject Term: Macromolecules; Subject Term: Alkylation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3357
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Sventek, J S
T1  - Portability issues in the design of distributed applications. A portable, electronic-mail system
JO  - Rep. No: LBL-14771, CONF-820938-1
JF  - Rep. No: LBL-14771, CONF-820938-1
Y1  - 1982/07//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The effects of virtual machine concepts on the design and implementation of distributed applications are explored. After outlining the critical features of such an approach, a test case of an electronic mail system is described. The results of the experiment are summarized and future directions of this work are outlined.
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1802109; Sventek, J S 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.;  Source Info: Jul. 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shannon, J.
AU  - Voldner, E.
T1  - Estimation of wet and dry deposition of pollutant sulfur in eastern Canada as a function of major source regions.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1982/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 104
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The contributions of major anthropogenic source regions to wet and dry deposition of total S in eastern Canada are estimated for a winter month and a summer month with the ASTRAP model. Results indicate that the U.S. and Canada contribute approximately equal amounts to total S deposition in Canada; Canadian sources contribute more than one half of dry deposition and less than one half of wet deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sulfur
KW  - Air pollution -- Measurement
KW  - Anthropogenic effects on nature
KW  - Sedimentation & deposition
KW  - Winter
KW  - Summer
KW  - Canada, Eastern
N1  - Accession Number: 71549408; Shannon, J. 1; Voldner, E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 60439 Argonne USA; 2: Atmospheric Dispersion Division, Atmospheric Environment Service, Downsview; Issue Info: Jul1982, Vol. 18 Issue 1-3, p101; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution -- Measurement; Thesaurus Term: Anthropogenic effects on nature; Thesaurus Term: Sedimentation & deposition; Thesaurus Term: Winter; Subject Term: Summer; Subject: Canada, Eastern; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF02419405
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raynor, Gilbert
AU  - Hayes, Janet
T1  - Effects of varying air trajectories on spatial and temporal precipitation chemistry patterns.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1982/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 189
SN  - 00496979
AB  - This study was designed to determine if judicious use of synoptic data and an operational trajectory model could identify probable source regions of anthropogenic pollutants in northeastern United States precipitation and thus relate receptor measurements to emissions data without consideration of the complex intervening meteorological and chemical processes. The storm event of April 8 to 10, 1979, was selected for intensive study. Precipitation chemistry data were obtained from event samples at six MAP3S sampling sites and from hourly samples at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Concentrations of hydrogen, sulfate, nitrate and ammonium ions were used as receptor data. Some emissions data for SO and NO were obtained from the MAP3S emissions inventory. Surface and upper air meteorological data were analyzed. Backward trajectories ending at each of the sampling sites during the precipitation period were computed with the Heffter Interactive-Terminal Transport Model using selected transport layers. Results show that concentrations of pollutant species in event precipitation samples were much higher at stations at end points of trajectories passing through the Ohio River valley than at stations with other trajectories. Likewise, concentrations at Brookhaven were much higher during the end period of a trajectory through the same region than with more northerly and more southerly tracks. The model produced back trajectories consistent with synoptic flows. Concentrations of air pollutants in precipitation were roughly proportional to the number of major pollutant sources along the trajectory. These results suggest that a larger number of studies might identify more restricted source areas or even establish a quantitative relationship between source emissions along a trajectory and concentrations in precipitation at receptor sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Anthropogenic effects on nature
KW  - Sulfates
KW  - Nitrates
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Particle tracks (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Pollutants -- Government policy
KW  - Ohio River
KW  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 71549414; Raynor, Gilbert 1; Hayes, Janet 1; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Issue Info: Jul1982, Vol. 18 Issue 1-3, p173; Thesaurus Term: Anthropogenic effects on nature; Thesaurus Term: Sulfates; Thesaurus Term: Nitrates; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen; Subject Term: Particle tracks (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Pollutants -- Government policy; Subject: Ohio River ; Company/Entity: Brookhaven National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF02419411
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Francis, A.
T1  - Effects of acidic precipitation and acidity on soil microbial processes.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1982/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 394
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Effects of soil acidity on microbial decomposition of organic matter and transformation of N in an acid forest soil were investigated. In the oak-leaf-amended pH-adjusted acid soils, CO production in 14-and 150-day preincubated samples decreased by about 6 and 37%, respectively. In the control (unamended) acidified soils, reductions in CO production of 14% in 14-day preincubated samples and of 52% in 150-day samples were observed. Ammonia formation in the pH-adjusted acid soil was about 50% less than in the naturally acid soil. Increased rates of ammonification and nitrification were observed in the pH-adjusted neutral soil. Little autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrifying activity was detected in naturally acid and acidified forest soils. The rate of denitrification was rather slow in acid soils, and at greater acidities NO was the predominant end product. The abundance of N-fixing free-living bacteria was very low in acidic and acidified forest soils, and N gains by asymbiotic bacterial fixation in an acid forest ecosystem may be insignificant. These results suggest that further acidification of acid forest soils by addition of HSO or by acid precipitation may lead to significant reductions in the leaf litter decomposition, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification and thus reduce nutrient recycling in the forest ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acid precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Soil acidity
KW  - Ammonium in soils
KW  - Soils -- Nitrate content
KW  - Forest soils
KW  - Forest ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 71549428; Francis, A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Issue Info: Jul1982, Vol. 18 Issue 1-3, p375; Thesaurus Term: Acid precipitation (Meteorology); Thesaurus Term: Soil acidity; Thesaurus Term: Ammonium in soils; Thesaurus Term: Soils -- Nitrate content; Thesaurus Term: Forest soils; Thesaurus Term: Forest ecology; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF02419425
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aber, J.
AU  - Hendrey, G.
AU  - Botkin, D.
AU  - Francis, A.
AU  - Melillo, J.
T1  - Potential effects of acid precipitation on soil nitrogen and productivity of forest ecosystems.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 1982/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
EP  - 412
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Numerous field and laboratory studies have shown measureable effects of soil acidification on soil processes and yet there is no indication to date that forest production is being affected even in heavily impacted areas. A discussion of possible reasons for this apparent contradiction is presented along with results of two computer simulations of possible responses to acid rain induced changes in (a) N availability and (b) soil organic matter decomposition rate. The first simulation shows a direct relationship between N availability and forest production. The second indicates the possibility for a more complex response with changes in total soil organic matter more than compensating for changes in decomposition rate and producing an inverse relationship between decomposition rate and N availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acid precipitation (Meteorology) -- Physiological effect
KW  - Soil acidification
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Soil chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 71549430; Aber, J. 1; Hendrey, G. 2; Botkin, D. 3; Francis, A. 2; Melillo, J. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Forestry, University of Wisconsin, 53706 Madison USA; 2: Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; 3: Environmental Studies Program, University of California-Santa Barbara, 93016 Santa Barbara USA; 4: Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, 02543 Woods Hole USA; Issue Info: Jul1982, Vol. 18 Issue 1-3, p405; Thesaurus Term: Acid precipitation (Meteorology) -- Physiological effect; Thesaurus Term: Soil acidification; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Thesaurus Term: Soil chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF02419427
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HOLT, BEN D.
AU  - KUMAR, ROMESH
AU  - CUNNINGHAM, PAUL T.
T1  - Primary Sulfates in Atmospheric Sulfates: Estimation by Oxygen Isotope Ratio Measurements.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/07/02/
VL  - 217
IS  - 4554
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 53
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The relative amounts of primary and secondary sulfates in atmospheric aerosols and precipitation can be estimatedfrom measurements of the stable oxygen isotope ratios. The oxygen-18 content of sulfates formed in power plant stack gases before emission into the atmosphere is significantly higher than that of sulfates formedfrom sulfur dioxide after emission. Results show that 20 to 30 percent of the sulfates in rain and snow at Argonne, Illinois, are of primary origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84705800; HOLT, BEN D. 1; KUMAR, ROMESH 1; CUNNINGHAM, PAUL T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 7/ 2/1982, Vol. 217 Issue 4554, p51; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CATTOLICA, R. J.
AU  - YOON, S.
AU  - KNUTH, E. L.
T1  - OH Concentration in an Atmospheric-Pressure Methane-Air Flame from Molecular-Beam Mass Spectrometry and Laser-Absorption Spectroscopy.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1982/08//
VL  - 28
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 239
SN  - 00102202
AB  - The concentration of lhe OH radical in a stoichiometric methane-air flat flame at atmospheric pressure was measured with both laser-absorption spectroscopy and molecular-beam mass spectrometry (MBMS). The nonequilibrium peak OH concentrations and the OH decay rate measured from the two techniques were in good agreement. The OH profile from the MBMS measurements, however, was shifted downstream from the absorption measurements by the MBMS sampling process. A comparison of temperature profiles from thermocouple measurements and from a molecular-beam time-of-flight technique exhibited a similar downstream shift. The MBMS measurements effectively sampled the gas properties approximately five orifice diameters ahead of the sampling-probe tip. Perturbation of the OH concentration profile using various sampling probes indicate the importance of minimizing the length of the sampling-orifice channel to reduce composition relaxation during sampling. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76105495; CATTOLICA, R. J. 1; YOON, S. 2; KNUTH, E. L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore; 2: Chemical, Nuclear, and Thermal Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90024; Issue Info: Aug1982, Vol. 28 Issue 5/6, p225; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208208952557
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kroodsma, Roger L.
T1  - EDGE EFFECT ON BREEDING FOREST BIRDS ALONG A POWER-LINE CORRIDOR.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
Y1  - 1982/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 370
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218901
AB  - Territories of breeding forest birds in a rectangular, 21.4-ha forest plot adjacent to 800 m of a power-line corridor in East Tennessee were mapped in 1975, 1977, and 1979. Trends in density from the corridor edge to 268 m into the forest were examined for the bird community as a whole and for edge, deep forest, and unaffected, species. Analysis of computer-generated, randomly distributed ‘species’ indicated that most trends observed in individual bird species were real. Apparently due to a tendency for some birds to establish territories in a row along the straight corridor edge, peaks in total density occurred at the edge and again in deeper forest. In each year, total density was higher at some distance into the forest than at or near the edge. The contribution of five edge species to bird density on the plot as a whole was negated by lower densities of nine deep forest species in areas near the edge. Considered as a group, thirteen forest species that individually appeared unaffected by the corridor showed a significant decrease in density with increasing distance from the corridor edge: this may have been caused by higher bird density in a small amount of mixed forest habitat near the corridor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Forest animals
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Bird breeding
KW  - Animal species
N1  - Accession Number: 12499448; Kroodsma, Roger L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug82, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p361; Thesaurus Term: Forest animals; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Bird breeding; Subject Term: Animal species; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuler, Richard E.
AU  - Hobbs, Benjamin F.
T1  - SPATIAL PRICE DUOPOLY UNDER UNIFORM DELIVERED PRICING .
JO  - Journal of Industrial Economics
JF  - Journal of Industrial Economics
Y1  - 1982/09//
VL  - 31
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 187
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00221821
AB  - This article analyzes spatial price duopoly under uniform delivered pricing. Spatial price competition between duopolists charging uniform delivered prices does lead to the constant oscillation of prices suggested by Edgeworth under the assumption of zero-price conjectural variation. It is vital to note that the alternative conjectural variation of assuming the neighbor will always maintain the same service boundary is analogous to the concede strategy. The competitor merely implements those boundaries and sets a monopolistic price.
KW  - PRICING
KW  - PRICES
KW  - MONOPOLISTIC competition
KW  - MONOPOLIES
KW  - TRADE regulation
KW  - COMMERCE
KW  - MARKETING
KW  - CONSUMPTION (Economics)
KW  - COMPETITION
N1  - Accession Number: 6014206; Schuler, Richard E. 1; Hobbs, Benjamin F. 2; Affiliations: 1: State of New York Public Service Commission, 3, Rockefeller Plaza, Albany, N.Y., U.S.A.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenessee, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Sep82, Vol. 31 Issue 1/2, p175; Thesaurus Term: PRICING; Thesaurus Term: PRICES; Thesaurus Term: MONOPOLISTIC competition; Thesaurus Term: MONOPOLIES; Thesaurus Term: TRADE regulation; Thesaurus Term: COMMERCE; Thesaurus Term: MARKETING; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMPTION (Economics); Subject Term: COMPETITION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541613 Marketing Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WHITTEN, BARBARA L.
T1  - Atomic and Molecular Collision Theory.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/09/10/
VL  - 217
IS  - 4564
M3  - Article
SP  - 1029
EP  - 1030
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84705937; WHITTEN, BARBARA L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore 94550; Issue Info: 9/10/1982, Vol. 217 Issue 4564, p1029; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - NARTEN, A. H.
AU  - THIESSEN, W. E.
AU  - BLUM, L.
T1  - Atom Pair Distribution Functions of Liquid Water at 25°C from Neutron Diffraction.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/09/10/
VL  - 217
IS  - 4564
M3  - Article
SP  - 1033
EP  - 1034
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The structure of liquid water is described by three atom pair distribution functions goo(r), gOH(r), and gHH(r). These functions have now been derived from neutron diffraction data on four mixtures of light and heavy water. They will provide a crucial and sensitive test for proposed models of liquid water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84705941; NARTEN, A. H. 1; THIESSEN, W. E. 1; BLUM, L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras 00931; Issue Info: 9/10/1982, Vol. 217 Issue 4564, p1033; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - NARTEN, A. H.
AU  - HAHN, R. L.
T1  - Direct Determination of Ionic Solvation from Neutron Diffraction.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/09/24/
VL  - 217
IS  - 4566
M3  - Article
SP  - 1249
EP  - 1250
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Much information on ionic solvation in electrolyte solutions has been inferred from mnacroscopic thermodynamic and transport properties and from spectroscopy. These ion-water interactions can now be probed directly and unambiguously by neutron diffraction. Such measurements have been done with neodymium trichloride solutions in heavy water that are identical in every respect except the isotopic state of the neodymium ions; these experiments yield in a straightforward manner the distribution of oxygen and deuterium atoms from the water molecules in the first hydration sphere of the neodymium ion. Each ion is surrounded by 8.6 oxygen atoms at a distance of 2.48 angstroms antd 16.7 deuterium atoms at 3.13 angstroms indicating a well-defined first hydration sphere of water molecules, the deuterium atoms pointing away from the cation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 88003901; NARTEN, A. H. 1; HAHN, R. L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 9/24/1982, Vol. 217 Issue 4566, p1249; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WESTBROOK, CHARLES K.
T1  - Hydrogen Oxidation Kinetics in Gaseous Detonations.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1982/10//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 81
SN  - 00102202
AB  - A theoretical model including a detailed chemical kinetic reaction mechanism for hydrogen oxidation is used to examine detonation properties for mixtures of hydrogen/air, hydrogen/oxygen, and hydrogen/oxygen diluted with varying amounts of nitrogen. Computed induction lengths are compared with available experimental data for critical energy and critical tube diameter for initiation of spherical detonation, as well as detonation limits in planar and spherical configurations. The ratio of transverse wave spacing to induction length is also computed and contrasted with quantities determined previously for hydrocarbon fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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N1  - Accession Number: 76105506; WESTBROOK, CHARLES K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. University of California, Livermore, California, 94550, U.S.A; Issue Info: Oct1982, Vol. 29 Issue 1/2, p67; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208208923587
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BESMANN, THEODORE M.
T1  - Oil Consumption.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/10//10/ 1/1982
VL  - 218
IS  - 4567
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84705956; BESMANN, THEODORE M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 10/ 1/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4567, p8; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BATES, J. K.
AU  - JARDINE, L. J.
AU  - STEINDLER, M. J.
T1  - Hydration Aging of Nuclear Waste Glass.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/10//10/ 1/1982
VL  - 218
IS  - 4567
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 54
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The aging of simulated nuclear waste glass by contact with a controlled-temperature, humid atmosphere results in the formation ofa double hydration layer penetrating into the glass and in the formation of minerals on the glass surface. The hydration process described here provides insight into the aging kinetics ofnaturally occurring glasses and also suggests that simulated aging reactions are necessary for demonstrating that nuclear waste forms can meet projected Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84705981; BATES, J. K. 1; JARDINE, L. J. 1; STEINDLER, M. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 10/ 1/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4567, p51; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - JORDAN, ELKE
AU  - CARRICO, CHRISTINE
AU  - BEYER, WILLIAM A.
T1  - DNA Database.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/10/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 4568
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
EP  - 108
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84705993; JORDAN, ELKE 1; CARRICO, CHRISTINE 1; BEYER, WILLIAM A. 2; Affiliations: 1: National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205; 2: Theoretical Division, Group T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 10/ 8/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4568, p108; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solem, Johndale C.
AU  - Baldwin, George C.
T1  - Microholography of Living Organisms.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/10/15/
VL  - 218
IS  - 4569
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 235
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84706047; Solem, Johndale C. 1; Baldwin, George C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Assistant division leader, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: Staff member, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 10/15/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4569, p229; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SAFER, DANIEL
AU  - HAINFELD, JAMES
AU  - WALL, JOSEPH S.
AU  - REARDON, JOHN E.
T1  - Biospecific Labeling with Undecagold: Visualization of the Biotin-Binding Site on Avidin.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/10/15/
VL  - 218
IS  - 4569
M3  - Article
SP  - 290
EP  - 291
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The biotin-binding site on avidin has been labeled with biotin conjugated to undecagold, an organometallic cluster compound containing 11 gold atoms in a core 10 angstroms in diameter. Examination of unstained specimens by scanning transmission electron, microscopy reveals the labeled sites directly, without computational averaging or filtering of the images. This approach should be widely applicable for determining the locations ofsubunits andfunctional sites in biological macromolecules at a resolution in the range of IS angstroms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84706078; SAFER, DANIEL 1; HAINFELD, JAMES 2; WALL, JOSEPH S. 2; REARDON, JOHN E. 3; Affiliations: 1: Johnson Research Foundation/G4, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104; 2: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 3: Institute for Enzyme Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Issue Info: 10/15/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4569, p290; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stone, John Patrick
T1  - UNDERSTANDING STEROIDS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1982/11//
VL  - 32
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 818
EP  - 818
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Steroids: Keys to Life," by Rupert F. Witzmann.
KW  - Steroids
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Witzmann, Rupert F.
KW  - Steroids: Keys to Life (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050178; Stone, John Patrick 1; Affiliations: 1 : Medical Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Nov1982, Vol. 32 Issue 10, p818; Subject Term: Steroids; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 399
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, Douglas
AU  - Pierce, Barbara L.
AU  - Metz, William C.
AU  - Rowe, Michael D.
AU  - Haefele, Edwin T.
AU  - Bryant, F. Carlene
AU  - Tuthill, Edwin J.
T1  - Management of High-Level Waste Repository Siting.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/11/26/
VL  - 218
IS  - 4575
M3  - Article
SP  - 859
EP  - 864
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84712282; Hill, Douglas 1; Pierce, Barbara L. 1; Metz, William C. 1; Rowe, Michael D. 1; Haefele, Edwin T. 2; Bryant, F. Carlene 3; Tuthill, Edwin J. 3; Affiliations: 1: policy analysts, National Center for Analysis of Energy Systems, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: professor of political science, public policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104; 3: consultants to Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: 11/26/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4575, p859; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PINKEL, DANIEL
AU  - GLEDHILL, BARTON L.
AU  - LAKE, SUZANNE
AU  - STEPHENSON, DIANE
AU  - DILLA, MARVIN A. VAN
T1  - Sex Preselection in Mammals? Separation of Sperm Bearing Y and "O" Chromosomes in the Vole Microtus oregoni.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/11/26/
VL  - 218
IS  - 4575
M3  - Article
SP  - 904
EP  - 906
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The two sex determining sperm poptulations of the vole Microtus oregoni were separated according to DNA content by use of flow sorting instrumentation. Although the sperm were not viable, they should be useful for addressing the question of haploid expression of genes linked to sex chromosomes andfor efficiently searching for biochemical markers that differentiate the two populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84712310; PINKEL, DANIEL 1; GLEDHILL, BARTON L. 1; LAKE, SUZANNE 1; STEPHENSON, DIANE 1; DILLA, MARVIN A. VAN 1; Affiliations: 1: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore 94550; Issue Info: 11/26/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4575, p904; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - EHRENSON, STANTON
T1  - Correlations Perceived and Measured.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/11/26/
VL  - 218
IS  - 4575
M3  - Article
SP  - 918
EP  - 919
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84712316; EHRENSON, STANTON 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 11/26/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4575, p918; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldhaber, Maurice
T1  - With Chadwick at the Cavendish.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1982/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 13
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Personal reminiscences of working nuclear physics with James Chadwick (1891-1974) in the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, England, 1934-35.
KW  - FIRST person narrative
KW  - NARRATION (Rhetoric)
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - DEUTERON reactions
KW  - PHOTONUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR research
KW  - CAMBRIDGE (England)
KW  - CAVENDISH Laboratory (Cambridge, England)
KW  - CHADWICK, James, 1891-1974
N1  - Accession Number: 24226111; Goldhaber, Maurice 1; Affiliations: 1 : AUI Distinguished Scientist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, New York 11973.;  Source Info: Dec1982, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p12; Historical Period: 1934 to 1935; Subject Term: FIRST person narrative; Subject Term: NARRATION (Rhetoric); Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: DEUTERON reactions; Subject Term: PHOTONUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; Subject: CAMBRIDGE (England); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hia
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Wong, H K T
T1  - Lbl perspective on statistical database management
JO  - Lbl perspective on statistical database management
JF  - Lbl perspective on statistical database management
Y1  - 1982/12//
M3  - Book
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1804225; Wong, H K T 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. Of California, Berkeley;  Source Info: Dec. 1982; Note: Update Code: 1800; Number of Pages: 269p; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buzbee, B. L.
AU  - Ewald, R. H.
AU  - Wornton, W. J.
T1  - Japanese Supercomputer Technology.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/12/17/
VL  - 218
IS  - 4578
M3  - Article
SP  - 1189
EP  - 1193
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84712403; Buzbee, B. L. 1; Ewald, R. H. 2; Wornton, W. J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Division Leaders, Computing Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: Assistant Division Leaders, Computing Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 12/17/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4578, p1189; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LOVETT, GARY M.
AU  - REINERS, WILLIAM A.
AU  - OLSON, RICHARD K.
T1  - Cloud Droplet Deposition in Subalpine Balsam Fir Forests: Hydrological and Chemical Inputs.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1982/12/24/
VL  - 218
IS  - 4579
M3  - Article
SP  - 1303
EP  - 1304
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Subalpine forests of the northern Appalachians are subject to significant deposition of water and chemicals via cloud droplet impaction. This deposition has been estimated by a method linking micrometeorological measures of turbulent transfer, a detailed representation of canopy structure, and experimentally derived capture efficiencies. Water inputs from clouds are about 46 percent, and chemical inputs range from 150 to 430 percent of the bulk precipitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84712458; LOVETT, GARY M. 1,2; REINERS, WILLIAM A. 1; OLSON, RICHARD K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn 37830; Issue Info: 12/24/1982, Vol. 218 Issue 4579, p1303; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reichle, David E.
T1  - RADIOECOLOGY.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1983/01//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 62
EP  - 62
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Radioecological Techniques," by Vincent Schultz and F. Ward Whicker.
KW  - Medical technology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Schultz, Vincent
KW  - Whicker, F. Ward
KW  - Radioecological Techniques (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 31158990; Reichle, David E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830.;  Source Info: Jan1983, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p62; Subject Term: Medical technology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 541
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Griffin, H L
T1  - Special librarians face the new technology
JO  - Special librarians face the new technology
JF  - Special librarians face the new technology
Y1  - 1983///
M3  - Book
SN  - 087845070X
AB  - Special librarians play many roles in their libraries, and within the organizations that they serve. They need the professional skills of information science and librarianship to be self-supporting within the library. Although some feel that these can be learned adequately on the job, it is difficult to teach oneself these skills especially if one is running the library alone. Professional competence is very important to the special librarian. Book Published by University of Illinois, United States, 1983
KW  - LIBRARIANS
KW  - SPECIAL libraries
KW  - TECHNOLOGY -- Information services
KW  - Automation
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1904845; Griffin, H L 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL;  Source Info: 1983; Note: Place of Publication: United States; Note: Update Code: 1900; Subject Term: LIBRARIANS; Subject Term: SPECIAL libraries; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY -- Information services; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automation; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MENKES, DAVID B.
AU  - RASENICK, MARK M.
AU  - WHEELER, MARCIA A.
AU  - BITENSKY, MARK W.
T1  - Guanosine Triphosphate Activation of Brain Adenylate Cyclase: Enhancement by Long-Term Antidepressant Treatment.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/01/07/
VL  - 219
IS  - 4580
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
EP  - 67
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Activation of adenylate cyclase by a stable guanosine S'-triphosphate analog was augmented in brain membrane preparations from rats treated on a longterm basis with tricyclic antidepressants or electroconvulsive shock. These treatments may facilitate cyclase activation by promoting the interaction of the regulatory and catalytic subunits of the enzyme. This finding suggests a possible mechanism for the changes in sensitivity to various neurotransmitters seen after antide-pressant administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84712508; MENKES, DAVID B. 1; RASENICK, MARK M. 1; WHEELER, MARCIA A. 2; BITENSKY, MARK W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510; 2: Division of Life Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 1/ 7/1983, Vol. 219 Issue 4580, p65; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reedy, Robert C.
AU  - Arnold, James R.
AU  - Lal, Devendra
T1  - Cosmic-Ray Record in Solar System Matter.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/01/14/
VL  - 219
IS  - 4581
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 135
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84706135; Reedy, Robert C. 1,2; Arnold, James R. 3,4; Lal, Devendra 5,6; Affiliations: 1: Staff member, Nuclear Chemistry Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: Scientist, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, D-6500 Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany; 3: Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093; 4: Director, California Space Institute; 5: Director, Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009 India; 6: Professor, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093; Issue Info: 1/14/1983, Vol. 219 Issue 4581, p127; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SIEGEL, MALCOLM D.
AU  - TURNER, SHIRLEY
T1  - Crystalline Todorokite Associated with Biogenic Debris in Manganese Nodules.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/01/14/
VL  - 219
IS  - 4581
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
EP  - 174
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Platy intergrowths of crystalline todorokite are associated with biogenic debris in the cores of manganese nodules from a site in the Pacific Ocean. Analyses by electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy demonstrate that this material is composed of tunnels of chains of linked MnO6 octahedra. The chemical composition, morphology, and stability of the todorokite differfrom those of nickeland copper-rich manganese oxides in nodules that have been identified as todorokite or buserite in earlier investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84706163; SIEGEL, MALCOLM D. 1; TURNER, SHIRLEY 2; Affiliations: 1: Organization 9413, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; 2: Department of Geology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287; Issue Info: 1/14/1983, Vol. 219 Issue 4581, p172; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seastedt, T. R.
AU  - Crossley Jr., D. A.
AU  - Meentemeyer, V.
AU  - Waide, J. B.
T1  - A two-year study of leaf litter decomposition as related to macroclimatic factors and microarthropod abundance in the southern Appalachians.
JO  - Holarctic Ecology
JF  - Holarctic Ecology
Y1  - 1983/02//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 16
SN  - 01059327
AB  - Chestnut oak <em>Quercus prinus</em> L. litter in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the United States decomposes slowly during winter and more rapidly in other seasons. This pattern differed from other studies of litter decomposition in more northern environments where decomposition rates were relatively constant throughout the year or more rapid beneath a winter snow cover. The pattern observed can be approximated by using monthly actual evapotranspiration estimates as a correction factor for the decomposition constant, k, in the commonly-used negative exponential decomposition model. Mean microarthropod densities increased from a seasonally weighted estimate of 18.2 ind, g-1 litter during the first year of decomposition to 73.6 ind. g-1 litter during the second year. In spite of this increase, no difference in the rate of weight loss of the litter was observed between the first and second year of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Holarctic Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Water supply
KW  - Quercus prinus
KW  - Appalachian Mountains
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 18540667; Seastedt, T. R. 1; Crossley Jr., D. A. 2; Meentemeyer, V. 3; Waide, J. B. 4; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biology, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; 2: Dept of Entomology, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; 3: Dept of Geography, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; 4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Issue Info: Feb1983, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p11; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Evapotranspiration; Thesaurus Term: Water supply; Subject Term: Quercus prinus; Subject: Appalachian Mountains; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Downing, Darryl J.
AU  - Pack, David J.
AU  - Westley, Gary W.
T1  - A DIVERTING STRUCTURE'S EFFECTS ON A RIVER FLOW TIME SERIES.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1983/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 236
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - A step-by-step summary of an empirical time series analysis of the effects of a newly constructed dam on river flow rate is given. A model of river flow rate for the 522 weeks of data is built through the transfer function/intervention model development processes of Box-Jenkins/Box-Tiao. Analysis indicates a rainfall variable has a significant influence on the pre-dam flow rate but not on the post-dam flow rate. The model also reflects a differing relationship of rainfall to pre-dam flow rate depending on the season of the year. Physical interpretations of model parameters and determination of implied mean flow rates suggest that the final model provides a sound basis for some public policy decisions that might focus on the dam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Management Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOX-Jenkins forecasting
KW  - ECONOMIC forecasting
KW  - TIME series analysis
KW  - DECISION making -- Mathematical models
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - DAMS
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - STREAMFLOW velocity
KW  - TRANSFER functions (Mathematics)
KW  - Facilities
KW  - Forecasting—Time Series
KW  - Water Resources
N1  - Accession Number: 7343674; Downing, Darryl J. 1; Pack, David J. 1; Westley, Gary W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Union Carbide Corporation, U.S. Department of Energy.; Issue Info: Feb1983, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p225; Thesaurus Term: BOX-Jenkins forecasting; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMIC forecasting; Thesaurus Term: TIME series analysis; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making -- Mathematical models; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: DAMS; Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: STREAMFLOW velocity; Subject Term: TRANSFER functions (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Facilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forecasting—Time Series; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water Resources; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoddeson, Lillian
T1  - Establishing KEK in Japan and Fermilab in the US: Internationalism, Nationalism and High Energy Accelerators.
JO  - Social Studies of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.)
JF  - Social Studies of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.)
Y1  - 1983/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 48
SN  - 03063127
AB  - Examines the history of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) in the United States and the Ko Enerugii Butsurigaku Kenkyusho (KEK) in Japan, 1930's-60's, and reveals the effect of internationalism and nationalism on high energy physics.
KW  - NATIONALISM
KW  - INTERNATIONALISM
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - INTERNATIONAL cooperation
KW  - PREHISTORIC antiquities
KW  - PROTON synchrotrons
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - JAPAN
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab)
KW  - Ko Enerugii Butsurigaku Kenkyusho (KEK)
KW  - Physics, high energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11498748; Hoddeson, Lillian 1,2; Affiliations: 1 : Historioan of Modern Physics at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois; 2 : Physics Department at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.;  Source Info: Feb83, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p1; Historical Period: 1930 to 1969; Subject Term: NATIONALISM; Subject Term: INTERNATIONALISM; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL cooperation; Subject Term: PREHISTORIC antiquities; Subject Term: PROTON synchrotrons; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject: JAPAN; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 48p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hia
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DovICHI, NORMAN J.
AU  - MARTIN, JOHN C.
AU  - JETT, JAMES H.
AU  - KELLER, RICHARD A.
T1  - Attogram Detection Limit for Aqueous Dye Samples by Laser-Induced Fluorescence.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/02/18/
VL  - 219
IS  - 4586
M3  - Article
SP  - 845
EP  - 847
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A modified flow cytometer has been used to detect attogram quantities of aqueous rhodamine 6G by laser-inducdfluorescence analysis. A detection limit of 28 attograms (35,000 molecules) was obtained, nearly two orders of magnitude better than earlier measurements. The detection limit in concentration units was 1.4 x 10-13 mole per liter. During the 1-second measurement period, the total volume sampled was 0.42 microliter. On average, only halfa rhodamine 6G molecule was present in the 6-picoliter probed volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84712706; DovICHI, NORMAN J. 1; MARTIN, JOHN C. 1; JETT, JAMES H. 1; KELLER, RICHARD A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 2/18/1983, Vol. 219 Issue 4586, p845; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
T1  - Mechanisms for Geographical Transmission of Economic Fluctuations.
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 1983/03//
VL  - 73
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 50
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - Geographers have made considerable descriptive progress in studies of business cycles, but the ways in which economic impulses are transmitted, known as ‘the transmission mechanism,’ remain inadequately analyzed. After reviewing several transmission mechanisms proposed in previous studies, the paper suggests that interregional commodity trade, with limited mobility of factors of production such as labor, is an obvious candidate for transmitting economic fluctuations among regions. Three models are constructed to analyze transmission mechanisms involved in interregional commodity trade in a monetary setting. Increases in wages or unemployment in one region could induce increases or decreases in wages or unemployment in another region. The directions of transmitted changes depend crucially on the cause of the change and the economic structures of the regions involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of the Association of American Geographers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Urban growth
KW  - Emigration & immigration
KW  - Human geography
KW  - Business cycles
KW  - Economic history
KW  - Unemployment
KW  - Economic structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12978682; Jones, Donald W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Issue Info: Mar1983, Vol. 73 Issue 1, p35; Thesaurus Term: Urban growth; Thesaurus Term: Emigration & immigration; Thesaurus Term: Human geography; Subject Term: Business cycles; Subject Term: Economic history; Subject Term: Unemployment; Subject Term: Economic structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237210 Land Subdivision; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenbaion, E.
AU  - Romus, J.
T1  - SURVEY OF SELECTED SEAWEEDS FOR SIMULTANEOUS PHOTOPRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1983/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 57
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Ten seaweed species were surveyed for simultaneous phatoevolution of hydrogen and oxygen. In an attempt to induce hydrogenase activity (as measured by hydrogen photoproduction) the seaweeds were maintained under anaerobiosis in CO[SUB2] free seawater for varying lengths of time. Although oxygen evolution was observed in every alga studied, hydrogen evolution was not observed. Our conclusion of this research is that, in contrast to the microscopic algae, there is not a single example of a macroscopic alga for which the photoevolution of hydrogen has been observed, in spite of the fact that there are now at least nine macroscopic algal species known for which hydrogenase activity has been reported (either by dark hydrogen evolution or light-activated hydrogen uptake). These results are in conflict with the conventional view that algal hydrogenase can catalyze a multiplicity of reactions, one of which is the photoproduction of molecular hydrogen. Two possible explanations for the lack of hydrogen photoproduction in macroscopic algae are presented. It is postulated that electron acceptors other than carbon dioxide can take up reducing equivalents from Photosystem 1 to the measurable exclusion of hydrogen photoproduction. Alternatively, the hydrogen-uptake system with respect to light-activated reactions. A simple kinetic argument based on recent measurements of the photosynthetic turnover times of simultaneous light-activated hydrogen and oxygen production is presented that supports the second explanation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Algae
KW  - Hydrogenase
KW  - Anaerobiosis
KW  - hydrogen photoproduction
KW  - hydrogen uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 11542100; Greenbaion, E. 1; Romus, J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; 2: Duke University, Marine Laboratory and Botany Department Beautott, North Carolina 28516.; Issue Info: Mar1983, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p53; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen; Thesaurus Term: Algae; Subject Term: Hydrogenase; Subject Term: Anaerobiosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen photoproduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen uptake; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112519 Other Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11542100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ringland, James T.
T1  - Robust Multiple Comparisons.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1983/03//
VL  - 78
IS  - 381
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 01621459
AB  - The first-order terms of the joint Edgeworth expansion for the p Studentized M estimates of location in a one-way layout are presented and the probabilities that generate the Bonferroni, maximum modulus, and Scheffe methods of multiple inference are approximated. The validity-robustness of these methods, based on both classical estimators and a variety of M estimators, will be compared for increasing numbers of simultaneous comparisons. The Bonferroni and maximum modulus methods are seen to be nonrobust when many comparisons are made. Scheffe's method is more stable. These results are fairly independent of the choice of estimator. Monte Carlo results indicate these expansion approximated probabilities accurately reflect qualitative behavior and give reasonable numerical values for moderately trimmed M estimators, but rare insufficiently accurate to generate critical points for heavily trimmed estimators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - EDGEWORTH expansions
KW  - ROBUST statistics
KW  - MULTIPLE comparisons (Statistics)
KW  - INFERENCE (Logic)
N1  - Accession Number: 4607835; Ringland, James T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Member of the technical staff, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550.; Issue Info: Mar1983, Vol. 78 Issue 381, p145; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: EDGEWORTH expansions; Subject Term: ROBUST statistics; Subject Term: MULTIPLE comparisons (Statistics); Subject Term: INFERENCE (Logic); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Patti, Mitchell J.
AU  - Cunningham, Elizabeth A.
T1  - PRODUCTIVITY OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1983/03//
VL  - 93
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 388
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Two experiments were performed during the summer of 1981 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields of soybeans grown using standard agronomic practices. In one experiment, plants were shielded from all ambient rainfall and exposed to simulated rainfall in quantities equal to the average amount of rainfall that occurs at the site. Seed yields of soybeans exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 10.7, 16.8 and 22.9% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 3-6. A treatment-response function of seed yield <em>vs</em> rainfall pH was <em>y</em> = 7.40 + 1.025<em>x</em> and had a correlation coefficient of 0.997 (<em>y</em> is seed mass per plant and <em>x</em> is the pH of the simulated rain). in a second experiment, soybean plants were not shielded from ambient rainfall (weighted mean hydrogen ion concentration equal to pH 4.04) and received only small volumes of simulated rainfall three times weekly. Plants exposed to simulated rainfall of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 exhibited yield reductions of 2.7, 7.0 and 7.6%, respectively, below yields of plants exposed to simulated rainfall of pH 5.6. By best fit analyses, the equation describing this relationship is expressed by <em>y</em> = 9.68+0.318<em>x</em>, and the correlation coefficient is 0-97. In both experiments, the observed decrease in seed yields was due to a decrease in number of pods per plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Rain & rainfall
KW  - Forage plants
KW  - ANATOMY
KW  - Plants
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Leaves
N1  - Accession Number: 12572572; Evans, Lance S. 1,2; Lewin, Keith F. 1; Patti, Mitchell J. 2; Cunningham, Elizabeth A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.; 2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, NV 16472.; Issue Info: Mar1983, Vol. 93 Issue 3, p377; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Rain & rainfall; Thesaurus Term: Forage plants; Thesaurus Term: ANATOMY; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen; Subject Term: Leaves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strip, David R.
T1  - Branch and Fathom:  A Technique for Computing Functions on the Power Set of a Set.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1983/03//Mar/Apr83
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
EP  - 400
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - Tree traversal algorithms are frequently used for ordering operations on sets. Thru paper describes a tree structure and traversal scheme which is applied to the computation of a reliability measure. The key to this variation is a particular labeling of the enumeration tree which locates supersets of a set S in one subtree of the node labeled with S. Exact computation by simple techniques is considerably more time-consuming than by the "branch and fathom" technique, which may also be useful in computing other functions on the power set of a set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 4476222; Strip, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Issue Info: Mar/Apr83, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p396; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - OLINGER, BART
AU  - SHANER, J. W.
T1  - Lithium, Compression and High-Pressure Structure.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/03/04/
VL  - 219
IS  - 4588
M3  - Article
SP  - 1071
EP  - 1072
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Lithium is found to transform from a body-centered cubic (bcc) to a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure at 6.9 gigapascals (69 kilobars) and 296 kelvin. The relative volume of the bcc structured lithium at 6.9 gigapascals is 0.718, and the fcc structure is 0.25 percent denser. The bulk modulus and its pressure derivative for the bcc structure are 11.57 gigapascals and 3.4, and for the fcc structure are 13.1 gigapascals and 2.8. Extrapolation of the bcc-fcc phase boundary and the melting curve indicate a triple point around 15 gigapascals and 500 kelvin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84712797; OLINGER, BART 1; SHANER, J. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 3/ 4/1983, Vol. 219 Issue 4588, p1071; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LIPFERT, FREDERICK W.
AU  - DUNGAN, JENNIFER L.
T1  - Residential Firewood Use in the United States.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/03/25/
VL  - 219
IS  - 4591
M3  - Article
SP  - 1425
EP  - 1427
SN  - 00368075
AB  - An empirical relation between residential firewood use and population density was developed from survey data for 64 counties in New England and was corroborated by data from other states. The results indicate that usage is concentrated in urbanized areas of the Northeast and north central states and that about 9.0 to 11.0 percent of U.S. space heating input is from firewood. No constraints due to the supply of wood were apparent in 1978-1979. These findings have implications for effects on air quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84712930; LIPFERT, FREDERICK W. 1; DUNGAN, JENNIFER L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 3/25/1983, Vol. 219 Issue 4591, p1425; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane K.
T1  - NEW FRONTIERS IN GENETIC ENGINEERING.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1983/04//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 279
EP  - 279
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article reviews the book "Genetic Technology: A New Frontier."
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Genetic engineering
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Genetic Technology: A New Frontier (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 28050207; Setlow, Jane K. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, Long Island, NY 11973;  Source Info: Apr1983, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p279; Thesaurus Term: Genetics; Thesaurus Term: Genetic engineering; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 550
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roy, RUSTUM
AU  - LYNCH, DAVID W.
T1  - Materials Research Center.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/04/08/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4593
M3  - Article
SP  - 142
EP  - 142
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84712986; Roy, RUSTUM 1; LYNCH, DAVID W. 2,3; Affiliations: 1: Materials Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802; 2: Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; 3: Ames Laboratory, Department of Energy, Ames; Issue Info: 4/ 8/1983, Vol. 220 Issue 4593, p142; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SCHULTZ, ARTHUR J.
AU  - TELLER, RAYMOND G.
AU  - BENO, MARK A.
AU  - WILLIAMS, JACK M.
AU  - BROOKHART, M.
AU  - LAMANNA, W.
AU  - HUMPHREY, M. BETH
T1  - Argonne Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Used to Solve the Molecular Structure of a Novel Organometallic Complex.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/04/08/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4593
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 199
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The single-crystal structure of Mn(CO)3(C7H 1) is the first to be solved by direct methods based on time-of-flight neutron diffraction data obtained at the Argonne Intense Pulsed Neutron Source. The molecule contains an unusual threecenter, two-electron manganese-hydrogen-carbon interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84713021; SCHULTZ, ARTHUR J. 1; TELLER, RAYMOND G. 1; BENO, MARK A. 1; WILLIAMS, JACK M. 1; BROOKHART, M. 2; LAMANNA, W. 2; HUMPHREY, M. BETH 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514; Issue Info: 4/ 8/1983, Vol. 220 Issue 4593, p197; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ROGERS, HUGO H.
AU  - THOMAS, JUDITH F.
AU  - BINGHAM, GAIL E.
T1  - Response of Agronomic and Forest Species to Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/04/22/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4595
M3  - Article
SP  - 428
EP  - 429
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide on corn, soybeans, loblolly pine, and sweetgum were studied in the field during a growing season. The plants were exposed to a range of concentrations of carbon dioxide day and night in opentopped, flow-through chambers. At a mean daytime carbon dioxide concentration of 910 parts per million, increases in total biomass ranged from 157 to 186 percent of the control values. Seed yield and wood volume increased and there were changes in plant anatomy and form. Net photosynthesis increased with increasing carbon dioxide concentration in soybeans and sweetgum, but was unaffected in corn. Water use efficiency also increased in corn, soybeans, and sweetgum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84713120; ROGERS, HUGO H. 1; THOMAS, JUDITH F. 2; BINGHAM, GAIL E. 3; Affiliations: 1: Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Department of Botany, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27650; 2: Phytotron, Department of Botany, North Carolina State University; 3: Biomedical and Environmental Research Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Issue Info: 4/22/1983, Vol. 220 Issue 4595, p428; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - OLINS, DONALD E.
AU  - OLINS, ADA L.
AU  - LEVY, HENRI A.
AU  - DURFEE, RICHARD C.
AU  - MARGLE, STEPHEN M.
AU  - TINNEL, ED P.
AU  - DOVER, S. DAVID
T1  - Electron Microscope Tomography: Transcription in Three Dimensions.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/04/29/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4596
M3  - Article
SP  - 498
EP  - 500
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Three-dimensional reconstruction of an asymmetric biological ultrastructure has been achieved by tomographic analysis of electron micrographs of sections tilted on a goniometer specimen stage. Aligned micrographs could be displayed as red-green three-dimensional movies. The techniques have been applied to portions of in situ transcription units of a Balbiani ring in the polytene chromosomes of the midge Chironomus tentans. Current data suggest a DNA compaction of about 8 to I in a transcription unit. Nascent ribonucleoprotein granules display an imperfect sixfold helical arrangement around the chromatin axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84713153; OLINS, DONALD E. 1; OLINS, ADA L. 1; LEVY, HENRI A. 2; DURFEE, RICHARD C. 3; MARGLE, STEPHEN M. 3; TINNEL, ED P. 3; DOVER, S. DAVID 4; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 3: Computer Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 4: Department of Biophysics, King's College, University of London, London WC2B SRL, England; Issue Info: 4/29/1983, Vol. 220 Issue 4596, p498; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luscieti, P.
AU  - Graff, P.
AU  - Luethi, M.
AU  - Cottier, H.
AU  - Hess, M. W.
AU  - Kraft, R.
AU  - Stoner, R. D.
T1  - Distinct kinetic responses <em>in vivo</em> of cortical thymocytes of ageing mice to primary as compared to secondary peripheral antigenic stimulation.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1983/05//
VL  - 52
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
EP  - 462
SN  - 00099104
AB  - We have studied cellular kinetic changes in the thymic cortex of ageing mice as a function of time after primary and secondary stimulation with aluminum phosphate adsorbed tetanus toxoid via the hind leg footpads. Absolute numbers of DNA synthesizing cortical thymocytes per cross-section of the thymus were computed from combined data obtained by planimetry, counts of cell density (cellularity) and assessment of the labelling index, I h after injection of (methyl--³H)-thymidine. The proliferative activity of these cells in the outer fourth of the thymic cortex reached a peak exceeding significantly control values by 45%, 14 days after primary, but not secondary, peripheral antigenic stimulation. We conclude that the cortical thymocyte population responded in a distinct manner to the first immunization as opposed to the booster injection of the same antigen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
KW  - ANAEROBIC infections
KW  - AGING
KW  - TETANUS
KW  - THYMIDINE
KW  - THYMINE
N1  - Accession Number: 15938464; Luscieti, P. 1; Graff, P. 1; Luethi, M. 1; Cottier, H. 1; Hess, M. W. 1; Kraft, R. 1; Stoner, R. D. 2; Source Information: May1983, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p455; Subject: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; Subject: ANAEROBIC infections; Subject: AGING; Subject: TETANUS; Subject: THYMIDINE; Subject: THYMINE; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maddigan, Ruth J.
AU  - Chern, Wen S.
AU  - Rizy, Colleen Gallagher
T1  - Rural Residential Demand for Electricity.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1983/05//
VL  - 59
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 162
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - This article outlines the residential demand of Rural Electric Cooperatives (REC) for electricity in the U.S. The REC provide electricity for an estimated 8 percent of the population in 45 of the nation's 48 contiguous states. This population has changed over years, but it retains many of the characteristics of its rural beginnings. Over 90 percent of the cooperatives' consumers are classified in the residential sector and nearly two thirds of its electricity sales go to these consumers. The residential sector, which includes both farm and nonfarm households, has been greatly affected by the drive to bring central-station electric service to the rural area. The acceptance of mechanized farming has contributed to the decline in the number of farms as large-scale operations became increasingly profitable. Although people are leaving the farm, the 1970s have seen a positive net migration into rural areas. People who receive transfer payments such as social security income, are not tied to any employer or city. They are increasingly choosing to live in rural areas, which are perceived to be less experienced, freer from crime, but which still provide required services, such as electrical power.
KW  - Electricity
KW  - Rural geography
KW  - Cooperative societies
KW  - Consumers -- United States
KW  - United States
KW  - ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY
N1  - Accession Number: 5423173; Maddigan, Ruth J. 1; Chern, Wen S. 2; Rizy, Colleen Gallagher 3; Affiliations: 1: College of Business and Administration, University of Colorado, Denver; 2: Department of Textiles and Consumer Economics, University of Maryland, College Park; 3: Economist, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: May83, Vol. 59 Issue 2, p150; Thesaurus Term: Electricity; Thesaurus Term: Rural geography; Subject Term: Cooperative societies; Subject Term: Consumers -- United States; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 7 Charts; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hooker, J. N.
AU  - Rose, A. B.
AU  - Roberts, G. F.
T1  - Optimal Control of Automobiles for Fuel Economy.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1983/05//
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 146
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - This paper describes an application of dynamic programming to determining optimal driver control of an automobile for fuel economy. The objective function is provided by a simulator that uses vehicle performance maps derived from statistical analysis of road data collected by the authors. One dynamic program controls acceleration as a function of time subject to constraints on speed, acceleration, and distance covered. Another controls acceleration and gearshift subject to constraints on speed, acceleration, and time required to shift gears. Results are presented for acceleration to a given cruising speed, driving over hills while achieving a given average speed, and driving from one stop sign to another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMIC programming
KW  - AUTOMOBILES
KW  - AUTOMOTIVE fuel consumption
KW  - INTEGER programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - CONSTRAINT programming (Computer science)
N1  - Accession Number: 4476467; Hooker, J. N. 1; Rose, A. B. 1; Roberts, G. F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: May83, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p146; Thesaurus Term: DYNAMIC programming; Thesaurus Term: AUTOMOBILES; Thesaurus Term: AUTOMOTIVE fuel consumption; Thesaurus Term: INTEGER programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Subject Term: CONSTRAINT programming (Computer science); NAICS/Industry Codes: 441110 New Car Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415110 New and used automobile and light-duty truck merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336111 Automobile Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336110 Automobile and light-duty motor vehicle manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811121 Automotive Body, Paint, and Interior Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811198 All Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - VAN DILLA, M. A.
AU  - LANGLOIS, R. G.
AU  - PINKEL, D.
AU  - YAJKO, D.
AU  - HADLEY, W. K.
T1  - Bacterial Characterization by Flow Cytometry.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/05/06/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4597
M3  - Article
SP  - 620
EP  - 622
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Bacteria were analyzed in a dual-beam flow cytometer after double staining with the fluorescent dyes chromomycin A3 and Hoechst 33258, which bind preferentially to DNA that is rich in guanine-cytosine and adenine-thymine, respectively. The measurements were indicative of the cellular DNA content and base composition, cell concentration, and proliferative state of the population. The ratio of the chromomycin A3 signal to the Hoechst 33258 signal increased with the guanine-cytosine content of the cellular DNA for the six cultured species measured, following expectation. Bacteria in urine from patients with urinary tract infections were characterized without interference particulates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84713215; VAN DILLA, M. A. 1; LANGLOIS, R. G. 1; PINKEL, D. 1; YAJKO, D. 2; HADLEY, W. K. 2; Affiliations: 1: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore 94550; 2: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, and Microbiology Division, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco 94110; Issue Info: 5/ 6/1983, Vol. 220 Issue 4597, p620; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MACCRACKEN, MICHAEL C.
AU  - IDSO, S. B.
AU  - HANSEN, J.
AU  - JOHNSON, D.
AU  - LACIS, A.
AU  - LEBEDEFF, S.
AU  - LEE, P.
AU  - RIND, D.
AU  - RUSSELL, G.
T1  - Climatic Effects of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/05/20/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4599
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
EP  - 875
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84713323; MACCRACKEN, MICHAEL C. 1; IDSO, S. B. 2; HANSEN, J. 3; JOHNSON, D. 3; LACIS, A. 3; LEBEDEFF, S. 3; LEE, P. 3; RIND, D. 3; RUSSELL, G. 3; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric and Geophysical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; 2: U.S. Water Conservation Laboratory, 4331 East Broadway Road, Phoenix, Arizona 85040; 3: Goddard Space Flight Center, Institute for Space Studies, New York 10025; Issue Info: 5/20/1983, Vol. 220 Issue 4599, p873; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyles, Russell A.
AU  - Samaniego, Francisco J.
T1  - Maximum Likelihood Estimation for a Discrete Multivariate Shock Model.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1983/06//
VL  - 78
IS  - 382
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 01621459
AB  - A k-variate Bernoulli distribution with k + 1 parameters is obtained as a shock model in which shocks are fatal to single components only or to all components simultaneously in a k-component system. The maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for model parameters is fully characterized. In the most complex case, the MLE is displayed as a simple function of the smallest positive root of a kth degree polynomial. An iterative scheme that converges monotonically to the desired root is given. Results are applied to the analysis of data on asthma attacks reported by Cowan et al. (1963). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - PARAMETER estimation
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - BINOMIAL distribution
KW  - BINOMIAL theorem
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - Maximum likelihood estimation
KW  - Multivariate Bernoulli
KW  - Positive dependence.
KW  - Shock model
N1  - Accession Number: 4607878; Boyles, Russell A. 1; Samaniego, Francisco J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Statistician, Mathematics and Statistics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550.; 2: Associate Professor, Division of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.; Issue Info: Jun83, Vol. 78 Issue 382, p445; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: PARAMETER estimation; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Thesaurus Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: BINOMIAL distribution; Subject Term: BINOMIAL theorem; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maximum likelihood estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate Bernoulli; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positive dependence.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock model; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BENDER, MICHAEL A.
T1  - Mutagenicity.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/06/10/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4602
M3  - Article
SP  - 1146
EP  - 1147
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84713442; BENDER, MICHAEL A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 6/10/1983, Vol. 220 Issue 4602, p1146; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SLATKIN, D. N.
AU  - STONER, R. D.
AU  - ADAMS, W. H.
AU  - KYCIA, J. H.
AU  - SIEGELMAN, H. W.
T1  - Atypical Pulmonary Thrombosis Caused by a Toxic Cyanobacterial Peptide.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/06/24/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4604
M3  - Article
SP  - 1383
EP  - 1385
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Parenteral injection into mice of a toxic pentapeptide isolated from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa induced thrombocytopenia, pulmonary thrombi, and hepatic congestion. The lethality of the toxin was unaffected by several anticoagulants. The acute liver damage that follows injection of the toxin has been attributed to direct action on liver cells but may be due to hypoxemia, heart failure, and shock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84692008; SLATKIN, D. N. 1; STONER, R. D. 1; ADAMS, W. H. 1; KYCIA, J. H. 2; SIEGELMAN, H. W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: 6/24/1983, Vol. 220 Issue 4604, p1383; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barancik, Jerome I.
AU  - Chatterjee, Barbara F.
AU  - Greene, Yvonne C.
AU  - Michenzi, Elena M.
AU  - Fife, Daniel
T1  - Northeastern Ohio Trauma Study: I. Magnitude of the Problem.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1983/07//
VL  - 73
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 746
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - [Due to printer error a section of this article is missing.  EBSCO is reproducing the article exactly as it appears in the magazine.] This study measured the incidence of cause specific trauma in the Cleveland and Lorain-Elyria Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs), population 2.2 million, as reported to hospital emergency departments (ED). Cases were selected according to a stratified probability sampling plan (N = 9268.) The participating hospitals accounted for 97.6 per cent of 903,346 ED visits in 1977; 52 per cent of these visits were for trauma, (ICDA-8) E800-E999). The trauma incidence rate was 197 per 1,000 population. The six leading causes of injury were: falls, 24.4 per cent; cut/piercing injury, 14.2 per cent; striking or struck by object, 13.8 per cent; motor vehicle collisions (MVC), 11.6 per cent; overexertion/ strain, 82 per cent; and assault, 4.3 per cent. Only falls, MVCs, and assaults were leading causes of both injury and death. The injury incidence rates for vehicular crashes and assault were 1.4 and 3.8 times higher, respectively, than the official incidence rates for these SMSAs. These differences point to a significant underreporting of data needed for public health decision making. Because data were not collected on cases treated outside the participating hospitals, the incidence rates reported here represent at conservative estimate of the magnitude of the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Public health
KW  - Trauma centers
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Medical emergencies
KW  - Emergency medical services
KW  - Hospital emergency services
KW  - Traumatology
KW  - Decision theory
KW  - Metropolitan areas
N1  - Accession Number: 4948469; Barancik, Jerome I. 1; Chatterjee, Barbara F. 2; Greene, Yvonne C. 3; Michenzi, Elena M. 4; Fife, Daniel 5; Affiliations: 1: Biomedical and Environmental Assessment Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; 2: Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; 3: Whittaker Corporation, Washington, DC; 4: G and M Health Care Business Systems, Cleveland, OH; 5: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Washington; Issue Info: Jul1983, Vol. 73 Issue 7, p746; Thesaurus Term: Public health; Subject Term: Trauma centers; Subject Term: Traffic safety; Subject Term: Medical emergencies; Subject Term: Emergency medical services; Subject Term: Hospital emergency services; Subject Term: Traumatology; Subject Term: Decision theory; Subject Term: Metropolitan areas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913130 Municipal police services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621493 Freestanding Ambulatory Surgical and Emergency Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621110 Offices of physicians; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621499 All other out-patient care centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 1 Graph, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peak, Meyrick J.
AU  - Peak, Jennifer G.
T1  - Use of action spectra for identifying molecular targets and mechanisms of action of solar ultraviolet light.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1983/07//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 372
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The use of action spectra in the elucidation of the mechanisms of biological action of solar ultraviolet radiation that reaches the surface of the earth is reviewed, and precautions in the preparation and interpretation of such action spectra are discussed. Original experiments are also described which show correlations between lethality and DNA breakage caused by monochromatic solar ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths in <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, which may constitute evidence for an important biological role of DNA breaks leading to lethality in these microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Nucleic acids
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - DNA
KW  - <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>
KW  - <em>Escherichia coli</em>
KW  - DNA backbone breaks
KW  - lethal effects.
N1  - Accession Number: 13021382; Peak, Meyrick J. 1; Peak, Jennifer G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Photobiology Group, Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.; Issue Info: Jul83, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p367; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia coli; Thesaurus Term: Nucleic acids; Thesaurus Term: Microorganisms; Subject Term: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Escherichia coli</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA backbone breaks; Author-Supplied Keyword: lethal effects.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13021382
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HOLMGREN, HARRY D.
AU  - HEREFORD JR, FRANK L.
AU  - MASSEY, WALTER E.
T1  - Accelerator Site.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/07/08/
VL  - 221
IS  - 4606
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
EP  - 110
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84672857; HOLMGREN, HARRY D. 1; HEREFORD JR, FRANK L. 2; MASSEY, WALTER E. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park 20742; 2: Office of the President, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903; 3: Office of the Director, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 7/ 8/1983, Vol. 221 Issue 4606, p110; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greb, G. Allen
AU  - Heckrotte, Warren
T1  - The long history: the test ban debate.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1983/08//Aug/Sep1983
VL  - 39
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
EP  - 42
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Efforts to obtain a US-USSR Nuclear Test Ban Treaty began in 1954 but have not produced the desired result. Negotiations, however, have been successful in stopping atmospheric and space tests by the two superpowers.
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons (International law)
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - NEGOTIATION
KW  - NONALIGNMENT
KW  - NUCLEAR explosions
KW  - MILITARY readiness
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - SOVIET Union
KW  - U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
KW  - NUCLEAR Test Ban Treaty (1963)
N1  - Accession Number: 24225963; Greb, G. Allen 1; Heckrotte, Warren 2; Affiliations: 1 : Research historian, Program in Science, Technology and Public Affairs, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.; 2 : Physicist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California 94550.;  Source Info: Aug/Sep1983, Vol. 39 Issue 7, p36; Historical Period: 1954 to 1983; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons (International law); Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: NEGOTIATION; Subject Term: NONALIGNMENT; Subject Term: NUCLEAR explosions; Subject Term: MILITARY readiness; Subject: UNITED States; Subject: SOVIET Union; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - VOLKOW, NORA
AU  - GOLDMAN, STEPHEN S.
AU  - FLAMM, EUGENE S.
AU  - CRAVIOTO, HUMBERTO
AU  - WOLF, ALFRED P.
AU  - BRODIE, JONATHAN D.
T1  - Labeled Putrescine as a Probe in Brain Tumors.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/08/12/
VL  - 221
IS  - 4611
M3  - Article
SP  - 673
EP  - 675
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The polyamine metabolism of transplanted N-nitrosomethylurea-derived rat glioma was determined with radiolabeled putrescine used as a marker for malignancy. The uptake of putrescine in vivo was complete within 5 minutes and was specific for tumor tissue. The conversion of putrescine to spermine and other metabolites by the tumor was rapid, in contrast to the case for adjacent normal brain. These results suggest that putrescine labeled with carbon-11 may be used as a positron-emission tomographic tracer for the selective metabolic imaging of brain tumor and may be used in an appropriate model as a marker for tumor growth rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 85483667; VOLKOW, NORA 1; GOLDMAN, STEPHEN S. 2; FLAMM, EUGENE S. 2; CRAVIOTO, HUMBERTO 3; WOLF, ALFRED P. 4; BRODIE, JONATHAN D. 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016; 2: Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine; 3: Department of Neuropathology, New York University School of Medicine; 4: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 5: Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine; Issue Info: 8/12/1983, Vol. 221 Issue 4611, p673; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BONNEWELL, VETA
AU  - FOWLER, RICHARD F.
AU  - SKINNER, DOROTHY M.
T1  - An Inverted Repeat Borders a Fivefold Amplification in Satellite DNA.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/08/26/
VL  - 221
IS  - 4613
M3  - Article
SP  - 862
EP  - 865
SN  - 00368075
AB  - One variant of a complex satellite DNA of the Bermuda land crab is significantly longer than the average repeat unit of the satellite. The extra DNA in the variant is accounted for by a fivefold tandem amplification of a 0.142-kilobase sequence. The amplified sequence is bounded by a tetranucleotide inverted repeat; the upstream arm of the inverted repeat is missing from two other variants of the satellite. The latter variants contain only one copy of a sequence that is closely related to the amplified sequence. By contrast, in several satellite DNA's of other organisms, extra DNA is inserted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84673153; BONNEWELL, VETA 1; FOWLER, RICHARD F. 1; SKINNER, DOROTHY M. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 8/26/1983, Vol. 221 Issue 4613, p862; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alsmiller Jr., R. G.
AU  - Barish, J.
AU  - Drischler, J. D.
AU  - Horwedel, J. E.
AU  - Lucius, J. L.
AU  - McAdoo, J. W.
T1  - Sensitivity Theory and Its Application to a Large Energy-Economics Model.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1983/09//Sep/Oct83
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 915
EP  - 937
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - This paper discusses a nonlinear equation theory of sensitivity analysis and demonstrates its applicability to a large energy-economics model by applying it to a specific calculation carried out with the Long-Term Energy Analysis Program (LEAP). It presents numerical results for calculating derivatives of two results of interest with respect to several values of the underlying data elements for which the derivatives are appreciable. In a number of cases, the accuracy of the derivative information obtained has been verified by direct calculations and these comparisons are also presented. The theory used here is, in principle, applicable to a variety of models. It is most useful when applied to models that contain a very large number of data elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - ENERGY economics
KW  - ECONOMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 4476977; Alsmiller Jr., R. G. 1; Barish, J. 1; Drischler, J. D. 1; Horwedel, J. E. 1; Lucius, J. L. 1; McAdoo, J. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Sep/Oct83, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p915; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS theory; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY economics; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMICS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Newman, P E
T1  - The in-house translator. An overlooked specialist
JO  - Science & Technology Libraries
JF  - Science & Technology Libraries
Y1  - 1983///Fal
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 97
SN  - 0194262X
AB  - Describes the functions and qualifications of in-house translators, comparing their work with that of contract translators. Ways in which in-house translators aid library staffs are discussed.
KW  - LIBRARIES
KW  - TRANSLATORS
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA1901949; Newman, P E 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185;  Source Info: Fal 1983, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p91; Note: Update Code: 1900; Subject Term: LIBRARIES; Subject Term: TRANSLATORS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HEATH JR., C. W.
AU  - NADEL, MARION R.
AU  - ZACK, MATTHEW M.
AU  - CHEN, ANDREW T. L.
AU  - BENDER, MICHAEL A.
AU  - PRESTON, R. JULIAN
T1  - Love Canal.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/09/02/
VL  - 221
IS  - 4614
M3  - Article
SP  - 908
EP  - 908
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84673167; HEATH JR., C. W. 1; NADEL, MARION R. 1; ZACK, MATTHEW M. 1; CHEN, ANDREW T. L. 1; BENDER, MICHAEL A. 2; PRESTON, R. JULIAN 3; Affiliations: 1: Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 9/ 2/1983, Vol. 221 Issue 4614, p908; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - AUERBACH, STANLEY I.
AU  - MARSHALL, ELIOT
T1  - Oak Ridge Mercury.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/09/30/
VL  - 221
IS  - 4618
M3  - Article
SP  - 1338
EP  - 1338
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84671578; AUERBACH, STANLEY I. 1; MARSHALL, ELIOT; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 9/30/1983, Vol. 221 Issue 4618, p1338; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CASADEVALL, T.
AU  - ROSE, W.
AU  - GERLACH, T.
AU  - GREENLAND, L. P.
AU  - EWERT, J.
AU  - WUNDERMAN, R.
AU  - SYMONDS, R.
T1  - Gas Emissions and the Eruptions of Mount St. Helens Through 1982.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/09/30/
VL  - 221
IS  - 4618
M3  - Article
SP  - 1383
EP  - 1385
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The monitoring of gas emissions from Mount St. Helens includes daily airborne measurements of sulfur dioxide in the volcanic plume and monthly sampling of gasesfrom craterflmaroles. The composition of the fumarolic gases has changed slightly since 1980: the water content increasedfrom 90 to 98 percent, and the carbon dioxide concentrations decreased from about 10 to I percent. The emission rates of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide were at their peak during July and August 1980, decreased rapidly in late 1980, and have remained low and decreased slightly through 1981 and 1982. These patterns suggest steady outgassing of a single batch of magma (with a volume of not less than 0.3 cubic kilometer) to which no significant new magma has been added since mid-1980. The gas data were useful in predicting eruptions in August 1980 and June 1981. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84671603; CASADEVALL, T. 1; ROSE, W. 2; GERLACH, T. 3; GREENLAND, L. P. 4; EWERT, J. 5; WUNDERMAN, R. 6; SYMONDS, R. 5; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, Washington 98661; 2: Michigan Technological Univ Houghton 49931; 3: Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexico; 4: U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observato Hawaii National Park 96718; 5: U.S. Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano Observatory; 6: Michigan Technological University; Issue Info: 9/30/1983, Vol. 221 Issue 4618, p1383; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenbaum, E.
AU  - Guillard, R. R. L.
AU  - Sunda, W. G.
T1  - Biological Solar Energy Production with Marine Algae.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1983/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 584
EP  - 585
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The article presents information on a study on photoproduction of hydrogen and oxygen by marine algae. The research demonstrated the simultaneous photo-production of hydrogen and oxygen by anaerobically adapted marine green algae. One approach that has received considerable attention is the production of biomass energy in which plant material is consumed in the energy-conversion step. The ability to produce hydrogen and oxygen is restricted to a fairly limited number of photosynthetic organisms. In the algae, chloroplasts absorb photons and use the excitation energy to drive an energetically uphill reaction. The original discovery of hydrogen production via photosynthesis was made in 1942 by Hans Gaffron and Jack Rubin of the University of Chicago, who used single-celled green algae.
KW  - Photosynthetic oxygen evolution
KW  - Marine algae
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Biomass energy
KW  - Green algae
KW  - Energy conversion
KW  - Photobiology
KW  - Rubin, Jack
KW  - Gaffron, Hans
N1  - Accession Number: 28051750; Greenbaum, E. 1; Guillard, R. R. L. 2; Sunda, W. G. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; 2 : Bigelow laboratory for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575; 3 : National Marine Fisheries Service, Beaufort, NC 28516;  Source Info: Oct1983, Vol. 33 Issue 9, p584; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthetic oxygen evolution; Thesaurus Term: Marine algae; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen; Thesaurus Term: Biomass energy; Thesaurus Term: Green algae; Thesaurus Term: Energy conversion; Thesaurus Term: Photobiology; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1359
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trimble, John
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - Energy Use in Institutional Buildings: Estimates From State Energy-Audit Surveys.
JO  - Journal of Business & Economic Statistics
JF  - Journal of Business & Economic Statistics
Y1  - 1983/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
EP  - 347
SN  - 07350015
AB  - This article examines the determinants of energy demand for nearly 9,000 institutional buildings in the United States The data were collected, as part of the federal Institutional Conservation Program, by state energy offices using mail surveys. The article presents energy demand estimates adjusted for differences in state surveys as well as for nonresponse bias, as functions of energy prices, building characteristics, and fuel-type variables for approximations of the installed heating ventilation and air-conditioning equipment Energy price elasticities are found to vary from - .28 for schools to - 1.05 for hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Business & Economic Statistics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY (Economics)
KW  - DEMAND (Economic theory)
KW  - ECONOMICS
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - ENERGY auditing
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - Elasticity
KW  - Energy demand
KW  - Missing data
KW  - Nonresponsive bias
KW  - Survey
N1  - Accession Number: 5854441; Trimble, John 1; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Issue Info: Oct83, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p337; Thesaurus Term: ELASTICITY (Economics); Thesaurus Term: DEMAND (Economic theory); Thesaurus Term: ECONOMICS; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY conservation; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY auditing; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY industries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy demand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Missing data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonresponsive bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: Survey; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R. M.
AU  - Moorman, T. B.
AU  - Schmidt, S. K.
T1  - INTERSPECIFIC PLANT ASSOCIATION EFFECTS ON VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA OCCURENCE IN ATRIPLEX CONFERTIFOLIA.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1983/10//
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
EP  - 246
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Earlier studies with the shrub A triplex confertifolia (Chenopodiaceae) suggested that the occurrence of mycotrophy was related to the community from which root samples were obtained; plants in disturbed areas were non-mycotrophic, while those growing in native areas possessed infection. Upon closer examination when neighbouring plants were studied, the level of mycorrhizal infection of A triplex confertifolia was found to be related to its interspecific plant associations. When A triplex confertifolia occurred solitarily, or in the presence of non-mycorrhizal A. gardneri, it was non-mycotrophic. However, when occurring near grasses or Artemisia spinescens, it possessed mycorrhiza infection. What appeared to be a community effect for the occurrence of mycorrhiza is nothing more than an association effect in which level of infection is related to the degree of mycorrhizal host plant cover. In disturbed communities little chance occurs for encountering a neighbouring mycorrhizal plant, while native plant communities are composed primarily of mycorrhizal counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Mycorrhizas
KW  - Shrubs
KW  - Host plants
KW  - Grasses
KW  - Mycotrophy
N1  - Accession Number: 12117127; Miller, R. M. 1; Moorman, T. B. 1; Schmidt, S. K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Land Reclamation Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Oct83, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p241; Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Mycorrhizas; Thesaurus Term: Shrubs; Thesaurus Term: Host plants; Thesaurus Term: Grasses; Subject Term: Mycotrophy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111940 Hay Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111421 Nursery and Tree Production; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Luxmoore, R. J.
T1  - GROWTH ANALYSIS OF SOYBEAN EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACID RAIN AND GASEOUS AIR POLLUTANTS.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1983/10//
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 287
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Greenhouse-grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Davis] were exposed to simulated acid rain (pH 2.6 to 5.6) and gaseous air pollutants (SO[SUB2] + O[SUB3]) to determine how effects on short-term physiological processes are integrated into whole-plant response. Injury to expanding leaves, characterized by marginal necrosis and leaf deformation, was induced by twice-weekly exposure to simulated rain of pH 2.6 and to a lesser extent pH 3.4. Growth inhibition resulted only from exposure to rain of pH 2.6, and there were no significant pH × air pollution interactions. Growth analysis from periodic harvests indicated that inhibitory effects of rain of pH 2.6 were mediated through a reduction in leaf area ratio (LAR). The alteration in LAR was not attributable to reduced allocation of dry matter to leaves but to lower specific leaf area caused by leaf deformation. There were no effects of rain pH on unit leaf rate. A second experiment confirmed the lack of growth inhibition from simulated rain with pH> 34. Cumulative water use, a measure that integrated aspects of root size, leaf area, and physiology, was remarkably similar in plants exposed to pH 3.4, 4.2, or 5.6 simulated rain. These experiments suggest that vegetative growth of soybeans may be adversely affected by acid rain if pH is low enough to cause physical injury to leaves and loss of photosynthetic area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - Soybean
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Greenhouse plants
KW  - Necrosis
N1  - Accession Number: 12117159; Norby, R. J. 1; Luxmoore, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA; Issue Info: Oct83, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p277; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Greenhouse plants; Subject Term: Necrosis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323116 Manifold business forms printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HENDREY, GEORGE R.
T1  - Automobiles and Acid Rain.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/10/07/
VL  - 222
IS  - 4619
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84671619; HENDREY, GEORGE R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, Long Island, New York, 11973; Issue Info: 10/ 7/1983, Vol. 222 Issue 4619, p8; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diebold, R.
T1  - The Desertron: Colliding Beams at 20 TeV.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/10/07/
VL  - 222
IS  - 4619
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 19
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84671622; Diebold, R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Director, High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439; Issue Info: 10/ 7/1983, Vol. 222 Issue 4619, p13; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HARDEE, H. C.
T1  - Reports.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/10/07/
VL  - 222
IS  - 4619
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 48
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Convective heat flow measurements of a basaltic lava flow were made during the 1983 eruption of Kilauea volcano in Hawaii. Eightfield measurements of induced natural convection were made, giving heatflux values that rangedfrom 1.78 to 8.09 kilowatts per square meter at lava temperatures of 1088 and 1128 degrees Celsius, respectively. These field measurements of convective heat flux at subliquidus temperatures agree with previous laboratory measurements in furnace-melted samples of molten lava, and are usefulfor predicting heat transfer in magma bodies and for estimating heat extraction rates for magma energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84671648; HARDEE, H. C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Geophysics Research Division 1541, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185; Issue Info: 10/ 7/1983, Vol. 222 Issue 4619, p47; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - UNKEFER, CLIFFORD J.
AU  - BLAZER, RICHARD M.
AU  - LONDON, ROBERT E.
T1  - In vivo Determination of the Pyridine Nucleotide Reduction Charge by Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/10/07/
VL  - 222
IS  - 4619
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 65
SN  - 00368075
AB  - An intracellular coenzyme has been observed by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The pyridine nucleotides in Escherichia coli were specifically labeled with carbon-13 from the biosynthetic precursor, nicotinic acid. The intracellular redox status and metabolic transformations of the pyridine nucleotides were examined under a variety of conditions. A highly reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide pool was observed under anaerobic conditions only in cells that were cultured aerobically on glycerol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84671655; UNKEFER, CLIFFORD J. 1; BLAZER, RICHARD M. 1; LONDON, ROBERT E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545; Issue Info: 10/ 7/1983, Vol. 222 Issue 4619, p62; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WALTON, BARBARA T.
AU  - Ho, C.-H.
AU  - MA, C. Y.
AU  - O'NEILL, E. G.
AU  - KAO, G. L.
T1  - Benzoquinolinediones: Activity as Insect Teratogens.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/10/28/
VL  - 222
IS  - 4622
M3  - Article
SP  - 422
EP  - 423
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Morphological abnormalities including extra compound eyes, extra heads, and distally duplicated legs were generated in cricket embryos by treating eggs with single doses of either benz[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione or benzo[h]quinoline- 5,6-dione. Slight structural modifications of the molecules resulted in a loss of teratogenic activity, although embryotoxicity occurred. These potent insect teratogens can be used for analysis of developmental events during embryogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84671728; WALTON, BARBARA T. 1; Ho, C.-H. 2; MA, C. Y. 2; O'NEILL, E. G. 3; KAO, G. L. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Analytic Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 4: Analytical Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 10/28/1983, Vol. 222 Issue 4622, p422; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margolis, Stephen B.
AU  - Kerstein, Alan R.
T1  - Flame Stabilization in a Layered Medium.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1983/12//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 275
SN  - 00102202
AB  - We analyze the steady-state structure of a l1ame stabilized on a burner which is fed by a nonuniform mixture. Our diffusional-thermal model is based on the assumption of large overall activation energy, and the nonuniformity in the feed is treated as a perturbation of the uniform case. The flame shape for a given inflow enthalpy profile depends on Lewis number, inflow velocity, and conductance of the burner, and for sufficiently small Lewis number, we exhibit the onset of cellular flame formation. Unlike previously encountered flame instabilities, the transition to a cellular name occurs here in a gradual, rather than an abrupt, fashion through an "imperfect bifurcation." [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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N1  - Accession Number: 75864022; Margolis, Stephen B. 1; Kerstein, Alan R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Applied Mathematics Division, Sandia National Laboratories., Livermore., CA, 94550; Issue Info: Dec1983, Vol. 35 Issue 5/6, p255; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208308923716
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raziuddin, Syed
AU  - Siegelman, Harold W.
AU  - Tornabene, Thomas G.
T1  - Lipopolysaccharides of the cyanobacterium <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em>.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1983/12//12/1/83
VL  - 137
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 336
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of two isolates of Microcystis aeruginosa were extracted with phenol/water and purified, Cesium chloride gradient ultracentrifugation of these preparations yielded only one fraction. The LPS contained significant amounts of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, glucose, 3-deoxy sugars, glucosamine, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, hexoses, and phosphate. Heptose, a characteristic sugar component of the polysaccharide moiety of LPS of most gram-negative bacteria was absent. Lipopolysaccharides and lipid A hydrolysate of LPS preparations were active in mouse lethality and Limulus lysate gelation. The lipid A moiety was slightly less active in toxicity and Limulus lysate gelation assays than the intact LPS. The LPS and lipid A moiety of the two isolates of M. aeruginosa were less active in toxicity in mice and Limulus test than LPS of Salmonella abortus equi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MICROCYSTIS aeruginosa
KW  - ULTRACENTRIFUGATION
KW  - CHROOCOCCACEAE
KW  - CARBOXYLIC acids
KW  - COAGULATION
KW  - MICROCYSTIS
KW  - LIMULIDAE
KW  - LIMULUS test
N1  - Accession Number: 13869089; Raziuddin, Syed 1; Siegelman, Harold W. 1; Tornabene, Thomas G. 1; Source Information: 12/1/83, Vol. 137 Issue 1/2, p333; Subject: MICROCYSTIS aeruginosa; Subject: ULTRACENTRIFUGATION; Subject: CHROOCOCCACEAE; Subject: CARBOXYLIC acids; Subject: COAGULATION; Subject: MICROCYSTIS; Subject: LIMULIDAE; Subject: LIMULUS test; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PERRY, A. M.
T1  - Estimating the Greenhouse Effect.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/12/09/
VL  - 222
IS  - 4628
M3  - Article
SP  - 1072
EP  - 1072
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84671932; PERRY, A. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box X, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 12/ 9/1983, Vol. 222 Issue 4628, p1072; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KOLB, EDWARD
T1  - The Big Bang and Element Creation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/12/09/
VL  - 222
IS  - 4628
M3  - Article
SP  - 1116
EP  - 1117
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84671954; KOLB, EDWARD 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Issue Info: 12/ 9/1983, Vol. 222 Issue 4628, p1116; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DUNN, J. C.
AU  - CARRIGAN, C. R.
AU  - WEMPLE, R. P.
T1  - Heat Transfer in Magma in situ.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1983/12/16/
VL  - 222
IS  - 4629
M3  - Article
SP  - 1231
EP  - 1233
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Heat transfer rates in a basaltic magma were measured under typical magma chamber conditions and a numerical model of the experiment was used to estimate magma viscosity. The results are of value for assessing methods of thermal energy extraction from magma bodies in the upper crust as well as for modeling the evolutionary track of these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 84671992; DUNN, J. C. 1; CARRIGAN, C. R. 1; WEMPLE, R. P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Issue Info: 12/16/1983, Vol. 222 Issue 4629, p1231; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnthouse, L. W.
AU  - Boreman, J.
AU  - Christensen, S. W.
AU  - Goodyear, C. P.
AU  - Van Winkle, W.
AU  - Vaughan, D. S.
T1  - Population Biology in the Courtroom: The Hudson River Controversy.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
EP  - 19
SN  - 00063568
AB  - In support of more than a decade of litigation, scientists devoted unprecedented effort to modeling the impact of electric power generation on the Hudson River striped bass population. The most sophisticated models failed to provide useful long-term impact predictions. However, simpler models, used to evaluate alternatives for mitigation, were instrumental in arranging a negotiated settlement. (Accepted for publication 12 May 1983) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Basses (Fish)
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Striped bass
KW  - Hudson River (N.Y. & N.J.)
N1  - Accession Number: 10128856; Barnthouse, L. W. 1; Boreman, J. 2; Christensen, S. W. 1; Goodyear, C. P. 3; Van Winkle, W. 1; Vaughan, D. S. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; 2: Northeast Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Woods Hole, MA 02543; 3: National Fisheries Center-Leetown, Kearneysville, WV 25430; 4: Southeast Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Beaufort, NC 28516; Issue Info: Jan1984, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p14; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Thesaurus Term: Basses (Fish); Thesaurus Term: Rivers; Subject Term: Striped bass; Subject: Hudson River (N.Y. & N.J.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114111 Finfish Fishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5420
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newbold, J. D.
AU  - Elwood, J. W.
AU  - O'Neill, R. V.
AU  - Sheldon, A. L.
T1  - Phosphorus Dynamics in a Woodland Stream Ecosystem.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 44
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Discusses phosphorus dynamics in a woodland stream ecosystem.  Definition of the spiraling concept; Adaptation of the spiraling concept as a tool for describing and analyzing phosphorus dynamics in a 120-m reach of Walker Branch in Tennessee; Significance of spiraling length.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Research
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 10131657; Newbold, J. D. 1; Elwood, J. W. 2; O'Neill, R. V. 2; Sheldon, A. L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Stroud Water Research Center, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, R.D. 1, Box 512. Avondale, PA 19311; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; 3: Department of Zoology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59801; Issue Info: Jan1984, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p43; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Rivers; Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus; Thesaurus Term: Research; Subject: Tennessee; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1180
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ciarrocchi, Giovanni
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - Circular DNA Unwound by Photoproducts other than Pyrimidine Dimers.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
EP  - 46
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Discusses circular DNA unwound by photoproducts other than pyrimidine dimers.  UV radiation's production of mutagenic lesions caused by solar radiation in prokaryotes; Altered tertiary structure of modified DNA; Alteration of the electrophoretic pattern of DNA.
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - Circular DNA
KW  - Pyrimidines
KW  - Electrophoresis
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 10132050; Ciarrocchi, Giovanni 1; Sutherland, Betsy M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Istituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionistica del C.N.R., Pavia. Italy 27100; 2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton. NY 11973; Issue Info: Jan1984, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p45; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Subject Term: Circular DNA; Subject Term: Pyrimidines; Subject Term: Electrophoresis; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 786
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pilat, J. F.
T1  - Research Note: European Terrorism and the Euromissiles.
JO  - Terrorism
JF  - Terrorism
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 70
SN  - 01490389
AB  - The expected demise of the European nuclear disarmament movement can be expected to increase or resurrect anti-US and anti-NATO terrorist acts.
KW  - TERRORISM
KW  - INSURGENCY
KW  - MILITARY bases
KW  - PEACE movements
KW  - CRUISE missiles
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - BOOKS -- Reviews
KW  - DISARMAMENT
KW  - GERMANY
KW  - ITALY
KW  - GREAT Britain
KW  - EUROPE
N1  - Accession Number: 14426128; Pilat, J. F. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico.;  Source Info: Jan1984, Vol. 7 Issue 1, p63; Historical Period: 1970 to 1989; Subject Term: TERRORISM; Subject Term: INSURGENCY; Subject Term: MILITARY bases; Subject Term: PEACE movements; Subject Term: CRUISE missiles; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: BOOKS -- Reviews; Subject Term: DISARMAMENT; Subject: GERMANY; Subject: ITALY; Subject: GREAT Britain; Subject: EUROPE; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hia
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SIMMONS, GUSTAVUS J.
T1  - Factoring.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/01/06/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4631
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84692024; SIMMONS, GUSTAVUS J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Applied Mathematics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Issue Info: 1/ 6/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4631, p8; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HEISIG, VOLKER
AU  - JEFFREY, ALAN M.
AU  - MCGLADE, MICHAEL J.
AU  - SMALL, GERALD J.
T1  - Fluorescence-Line-Narrowed Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Carcinogen-DNA Adducts.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/01/20/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4633
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 291
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The laser excitedfluorescence-line-narrowed spectrum of DNA modified with (±)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), the ultimate carcinogenic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene (BP), has been obtained in a water-glycerol-ethanol glass at 4.2 K. The spectrum was well resolved and highly characteristic of the chromophore. Comparisons were made between the spectrum of this modified DNA and the isolated deoxyguanosine-BPDE adduct and a series of other 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-BP (THBP) derivatives. 9-Hydroxy-BP 4,5-oxide, which is also involved in the binding of BP to DNA, and THBP have very similar conventional broadband fluorescence spectra. However, the fluorescence-line-narrowed spectra of their derivatives were readily distinguishable either as individual components or as mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84672078; HEISIG, VOLKER 1; JEFFREY, ALAN M. 1; MCGLADE, MICHAEL J. 2; SMALL, GERALD J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Cancer CenterlInstitute for Cancer Research, Division of Environmental Science, and Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York 10032; 2: Ames Laboratory, Department of Energy, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; Issue Info: 1/20/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4633, p289; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiue, Chyng-Yann
AU  - Arnett, Carroll
AU  - Wolf, Alfred
T1  - Synthesis and biodistribution of 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro- d-glucopyranosyl [F]fluoride in mice.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1984/02//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 80
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71142734; Shiue, Chyng-Yann 1; Arnett, Carroll 1; Wolf, Alfred 1; Source Information: Feb1984, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p77; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00254441
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, L. S.
AU  - Lewin, K. F.
AU  - Patti, M. J.
T1  - EFFECTS OF SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN ON YIELDS OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1984/02//
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 213
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans grown according to standard agronomic practices. Plants were shielded from all ambient rainfalls automatically by two moveable exclusion covers and exposed to simulated rainfalls in quantities equal to the average amount of rainfall that occurs at the site. Seed yields cv. Amsoy exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4·1, 3·3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 3.0, 9.0. and 12.8% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH St. A treatment-response function of seed yield <em>vs</em> rainfall pH for Amsoy was <em>y</em> = 10·20 + 0·587 <em>x</em> and had a correlation coefficient of 0·96 (<em>y</em> is seed mass per plant and <em>x</em> is the pH of the simulated rain). For cv. Williams, seed vidds of plants exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 5·6, 4·1, 3·3 and 2·7 were 11·5, 11·4 and 11·4 g, respectively. A treatment-response function of seed yield <em>vs</em> rainfall pH for Williams was <em>y</em> = 11.13 + 0·016 <em>x</em> which had a correlation coefficient of 0·038. Plants of Amsoy and Williams grown in plots adjacent to the exclusion shelters had mean seed yields of 11·4 and 9·8 g per plant, respectively. Seed yield per plant was dependent upon number of pods per plant because the number of seeds per pod did not vary among treatments for each cultivar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Plant varieties
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Rainfall simulators
KW  - Acidic rain
KW  - dose-response function.
KW  - seed yields
KW  - soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>)
N1  - Accession Number: 12618629; Evans, L. S. 1,2; Lewin, K. F. 1; Patti, M. J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; 2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, N.Y., 10471; Issue Info: Feb84, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p207; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Seeds; Thesaurus Term: Plant varieties; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Subject Term: Rainfall simulators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidic rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose-response function.; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411190 Other farm product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418320 Seed merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goeller, H. E.
AU  - Zucker, A.
T1  - Infinite Resources: The Ultimate Strategy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/02/03/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4635
M3  - Article
SP  - 456
EP  - 462
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84672090; Goeller, H. E. 1; Zucker, A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Senior engineer, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; 2: Associate director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 2/ 3/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4635, p456; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammel, Edward F.
AU  - Krupka, Milton C.
AU  - Williamson, K. D.
T1  - The Continuing U.S. Helium Saga.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/02/24/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4638
M3  - Article
SP  - 789
EP  - 792
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84679889; Hammel, Edward F. 1; Krupka, Milton C. 2; Williamson, K. D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Consultant and a former assistant director for energy, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 2: Staff member, Analysis and Assessment Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2/24/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4638, p789; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore II, Dan H.
T1  - Kernel Discriminant Analysis (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1984/03//Mar/Apr84
VL  - 72
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 209
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Kernel Discriminant Analysis,' by D.J. Hand.
KW  - Kernel functions
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Hand, D. J.
KW  - Kernel Discriminant Analysis (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11079633; Moore II, Dan H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar/Apr84, Vol. 72 Issue 2, p209; Subject Term: Kernel functions; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Kernel Discriminant Analysis (Book); People: Hand, D. J.; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
AU  - Flynn, Kathy
AU  - Foote, Linda
AU  - Lankford, Trish
T1  - Monoclonal Antibodies in Cancer Detection and Therapy.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 156
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The advent of monoclonal antibodies has revolutionized our thinking about cancer therapy management. In this article, we attempt to review some of the applications of monoclonal antibodies in cancer research and to identify requirements for monoclonal antibody to be useful in cancer detection or therapy. Empirical tests of antibody circulation in vivo are necessary to establish specificity. (Accepted for publication 15 July 1983) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Research
KW  - Monoclonal antibodies
KW  - Cancer research
KW  - Molecular cloning
KW  - Immunoglobulins
KW  - Therapeutics
N1  - Accession Number: 10173576; Kennel, Stephen J. 1; Flynn, Kathy 2; Foote, Linda 1; Lankford, Trish 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; 2: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Issue Info: Mar1984, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p150; Thesaurus Term: Research; Subject Term: Monoclonal antibodies; Subject Term: Cancer research; Subject Term: Molecular cloning; Subject Term: Immunoglobulins; Subject Term: Therapeutics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 6080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - ADVANCES IN GENETIC ENGINEERING.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 197
EP  - 197
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Genetic Engineering Techniques: Recent Developments,' edited by P. C. Huang, T. T. Kuo, and Ray Wu.
KW  - Genetic engineering
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Genetic Engineering Techniques (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10103132; Sutherland, Betsy M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Mar1984, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p197; Thesaurus Term: Genetic engineering; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Genetic Engineering Techniques (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 550
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hojvat, Carlos
T1  - Argentina's Capital: Buenos Aires.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/03/09/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4640
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1014
EP  - 1014
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor focusing on the article "Argentina Formulates a Nuclear New Deal" that was published in the February 17, 1984 issue of the periodical.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Capital cities
N1  - Accession Number: 18880090; Hojvat, Carlos 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Post Office Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510.; Issue Info: 3/9/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4640, p1014; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Capital cities; Number of Pages: 1/9p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeAngelis, Donald L.
T1  - FASCINATING IDEAS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/04//
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 264
EP  - 264
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Hierarchy: Perspectives for Ecological Complexity,' by T. F. H. Allen and Thomas B. Starr.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Allen, T.
KW  - Starr, Thomas
KW  - Hierarchy (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10104259; DeAngelis, Donald L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Issue Info: Apr84, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p264; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Hierarchy (Book); People: Allen, T.; People: Starr, Thomas; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 509
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, John
T1  - Chloroplast protein phosphorylation and the regulation of photosynthesis.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1984/04//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 583
EP  - 590
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Protein phosphorylation is a major regulatory mechanism in animal cells but its importance in plant cells is not yet clear. Protein phosphorylation has been studied in plants for more than a decade. Early studies were concerned with phenomena which had parallels in animal cells, such as the phosphorylation of nuclear and ribosomal proteins, but more recently considerable attention has been given to an example without parallel in animal cells, the phosphorylation of chloroplast proteins. When isolated intact chloroplasts from green plants are incubated in the light with orthophosphate, radioisotope is incorporated not only into low molecular weight molecules such as ATP and sugar phosphates but also into RNA and protein.
KW  - RNA
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Chloroplasts
KW  - Chemical reactions
KW  - Molecular weights
N1  - Accession Number: 13409184; Bennett, John 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Dept, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Issue Info: Apr84, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p583; Thesaurus Term: RNA; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Phosphorylation; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Chloroplasts; Subject Term: Chemical reactions; Subject Term: Molecular weights; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13409184
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fife, Daniel
AU  - Barancik, Jerome I.
AU  - Chatterjee, Barbara F.
T1  - Northeastern Ohio Trauma Study: II.  Injury Rates by Age, Sex, and Cause.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1984/05//
VL  - 74
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 478
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Using a 1977 sample of emergency department visits in five northeastern Ohio counties, population-based injury rates are tabulated by age, sex, and cause. Case fatality ratios are estimated by comparing these injury rates with population-based mortality rates for 1976-1978. For all age and sex groups, injuries are a major cause of emergency department visits. Falls, striking, cuts, and motor vehicle crashes are the leading causes of injury. Case fatality ratios for motor vehicle crash injuries are considerably higher than those for non-transport injuries. Injury rates and case fatality ratios for males exceed those for females except among the elderly. With increasing age, injury rates decline but the fraction of injuries leading to hospital admission or to fatality rises sharply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Wounds & injuries
KW  - Medical emergencies
KW  - Hospital emergency services
KW  - Emergency medical services
KW  - Emergency medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 4958816; Fife, Daniel 1; Barancik, Jerome I. 2; Chatterjee, Barbara F. 3; Affiliations: 1: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Watergate 600, Washington, DC 20037; 2: Biomedical and Environmental Assessment Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; 3: Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Issue Info: May84, Vol. 74 Issue 5, p473; Thesaurus Term: Wounds & injuries; Subject Term: Medical emergencies; Subject Term: Hospital emergency services; Subject Term: Emergency medical services; Subject Term: Emergency medicine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913130 Municipal police services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Dimitriadis, Leandros
AU  - Hinkley, Deborah A.
T1  - SEED PROTEIN QUANTITIES OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1984/05//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 76
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Analysis of seeds harvested, from field-grown soybeans demonstrated that simulated acidic rainfalls from two experimental protocols can significantly decrease total protein contents of soybeans. Statistically significant differences in protein content per seed mass were obtained in three of four experiments at the field site. Mean protein contents of control plants for the three experiments reported herein were 330, 393 and 438% and were comparable to protein yields obtained by commercial growers. When results were expressed as protein content per seed mass the changes were independent of reduction in seed mass per plant due to increased rainfall acidity, When results were expressed as protein contents per plant, decreases in protein of 20% were common in plants exposed to rainfalls similar to ambient (pH 4.1) compared with experimental controls (pH 5.6). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oilseed plants
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Seed pods
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Seed proteins
KW  - <em>Glycine max</em>.
KW  - acidic precipitation
KW  - field-grown soybeans
N1  - Accession Number: 12621767; Evans, Lance S. 1,2; Dimitriadis, Leandros 1; Hinkley, Deborah A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York 10471, USA; 2: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Issue Info: May84, Vol. 97 Issue 1, p71; Thesaurus Term: Oilseed plants; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Seed pods; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Subject Term: Seed proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Glycine max</em>.; Author-Supplied Keyword: acidic precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: field-grown soybeans; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111120 Oilseed (except Soybean) Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111191 Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyles, Russell A.
AU  - Samaniego, Francisco J.
T1  - Estimating a Survival Curve when New is Better than Used.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1984/05//May/Jun84
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 732
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - Let F be a distribution function on (0, infinity), and let S = 1 - F be its corresponding survival function. F is New Better than Used (NBU) if S(x)S(y) is greater than or equal to S(x + y) for all x and y. Let S.(x) be the empirical survival function based on a random sample of size n from an NBU distribution function F. This paper studies the estimator S[sub n](x) defined as sup{S[sub n](x + y)/S[sub n](y)}, where the supremum is taken over all y for which S[sub n](y) > 0. We show that S[sub n] is an NBU survival curve, and that it is strongly uniformly consistent for S when the underlying distribution has compact support (for example, when sampling is subject to type I censoring). Moreover, in such problems, we show that the rate of convergence of S[sub n] is optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - CONVERGENCE (Economics)
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry)
KW  - FAILURE time data analysis
KW  - BIOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 4472115; Boyles, Russell A. 1; Samaniego, Francisco J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and University of California, Davis, California.; Issue Info: May/Jun84, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p732; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: CONVERGENCE (Economics); Thesaurus Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Subject Term: SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry); Subject Term: FAILURE time data analysis; Subject Term: BIOMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Frye, E. R.1
T1  - Replication of Ancient Masonry.
JO  - Curator
JF  - Curator
J1  - Curator
PY  - 1984/06//
Y1  - 1984/06//
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
CP  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 134
SN  - 00113069
AB  - The article details the processes involved in creating full-scale architectural castings from the ruins at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. The Maxwell Museum of Anthropology at the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque fabricated fiberglass reproductions for a traveling exhibition. The archeological site dates from the 10th to the 12th centuries C.E. and is believed to have been created by the Anasazi Indians, forefathers of the Pueblo Indians.
KW  - Chaco architecture
KW  - Architectural models -- Design & construction
KW  - Traveling exhibitions
KW  - Architectural models -- Exhibitions
KW  - Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
KW  - Chaco Culture National Historical Park (N.M.)
KW  - New Mexico
N1  - Accession Number: 32634523; Authors: Frye, E. R. 1; Affiliations:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Subject: Chaco architecture; Subject: Architectural models -- Design & construction; Subject: Traveling exhibitions; Subject: Architectural models -- Exhibitions; Subject: Chaco Canyon (N.M.); Subject: Chaco Culture National Historical Park (N.M.); Subject: New Mexico; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmoyer, Richard L.
T1  - Sigmoidally Constrained Maximum Likelihood Estimation in Quantal Bioassay.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1984/06//
VL  - 79
IS  - 386
M3  - Article
SP  - 448
SN  - 01621459
AB  - In quantal bioassay, doses x[sub 1] ,..., x[sub k] of a test substance are administered to n[sub 1] ,..., n[sub k] animal subjects. Let PI(x) denote the probability that an arbitrary subject responds in a specified way to a dose x. In this article we consider maximum likelihood estimation of PI(x[sub 1]) ,..., PI(x[sub k]) subject to the constraint that PI is sigmoid. Of particular interest is the nature of PI at very small x. Upper confidence bounds for PI(x), x less than or equal to x[sub 1], are discussed. These confidence bounds depend on an inequality that holds when PI is convex on [0, x[sub 1]]. A test of concavity against the alternative under sigmoidicity, and related tests are discussed. Rejecting concavity requires evidence that PI is convex on [0, x[sub 1]]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - BIOLOGICAL assay
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - CONFIDENCE intervals
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Low-dose extrapolation
KW  - Nonparametric bioassay
KW  - Quantal bioassay
KW  - Sigmoid dose-response curves.
N1  - Accession Number: 4612885; Schmoyer, Richard L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Statistician in Mathematics and Statistics Research, Computer Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box Y, Oak Ridge, TN 37830.; Issue Info: Jun84, Vol. 79 Issue 386, p448; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL assay; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: CONFIDENCE intervals; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-dose extrapolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonparametric bioassay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantal bioassay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sigmoid dose-response curves.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'rourke, Peter J.
AU  - Stein, Leland R.
T1  - SHORT COMMUNICATION.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1984/07/20/
VL  - 38
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
EP  - 343
SN  - 00102202
N1  - Accession Number: 75864191; O'rourke, Peter J. 1; Stein, Leland R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Fluid Dynamics, University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jul1984, Vol. 38 Issue 5/6, p337; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208408923780
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Pilat, Joseph F.
T1  - INTERMEDIATE-RANGE NUCLEAR FORCES AND THE FUTURE OF WEST EUROPEAN SECURITY.
JO  - Contemporary Review
JF  - Contemporary Review
Y1  - 1984/08//
VL  - 245
IS  - 1423
M3  - Literary Criticism
SP  - 57
EP  - 63
SN  - 00107565
AB  - Outlines the development of NATO's policy on the use of nuclear weapons, with particular reference to the ramifications of the dual-track decision on intermediate-range nuclear forces taken by NATO on 12 December 1979.
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - WEST Europeans
KW  - TASK forces
KW  - BOOKS -- Reviews
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - EUROPE
KW  - EUROPE, Western
KW  - NORTH Atlantic Treaty Organization
N1  - Accession Number: 16167526; Pilat, Joseph F. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory;  Source Info: Aug84, Vol. 245 Issue 1423, p57; Historical Period: 1952 to 1983; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: WEST Europeans; Subject Term: TASK forces; Subject Term: BOOKS -- Reviews; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject: UNITED States; Subject: EUROPE; Subject: EUROPE, Western; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Literary Criticism
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyle, James M.
AU  - Muralidharan, Monagur N.
T1  - 
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 1984/09//
Y1  - 1984/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 574
EP  - 588
SN  - 00985589
AB  - How can a program written in pure applicative LISP be reused in a Fortran environment? One answer is by automatically transforming it from LISP into Fortran. In this paper we discuss a practical application of this technique-one that yields an efficient Fortran program. We view this process as an example of abstract programming, in which the LISP program constitutes an abstract specification for the Fortran version. The idea of strategy—a strategy for getting from LISP to Fortran—is basic to designing and applying the transformations. One strategic insight is that the task is easier if the LISP program is converted to "recursive" Fortran, and then the recursive Fortran program is converted to nonrecursive standard Fortran. Another strategic insight is that much of the task can be accomplished by converting the program from one canonical form to another. Developing a strategy also involves making various implementation decisions. One advantage of program transformation methodology is that it exposes such decisions for examination and review. Another is that it enables optimizations to be detected and implemented easily. Once a strategy has been discovered, it can be implemented by means of rewrite-rule transformations using the TAMPR program transformation system. The transformational approach to program reuse based on this strategy has a measure of elegance. It is also practical—the resulting Fortran program is 25 percent faster than its compiled LISP counterpart, even without extensive optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORTRAN (Computer program language)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - METHODOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14385935; Source Information: Sep84, Vol. 10 Issue 5, p574; Subject Term: FORTRAN (Computer program language); Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 15p; ; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 25 Diagrams; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Picard, Richard R.
AU  - Dennis #Cook, R.
T1  - Cross-Validation of Regression Models.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1984/09//
VL  - 79
IS  - 387
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
SN  - 01621459
AB  - A methodolgy for assessment of the predictive ability of regression models is presented. Attention is given to models obtained via subset selection procedures, which are extremely difficult to evaluate by standard techniques. Cross-validatory assessments of predictive ability are obtained and their use illustrated in examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - PREDICTION theory
KW  - RANKING (Statistics)
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - PREDICTION models
KW  - TRUTHFULNESS & falsehood
KW  - Data splitting
KW  - Model selection
KW  - Optimism principle.
KW  - Prediction
N1  - Accession Number: 4613695; Picard, Richard R. 1; Dennis #Cook, R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Staff Member, Statistics Group Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-F600, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; 2: Professor And Chairman, Dept. of Applied Statistics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.; Issue Info: Sep84, Vol. 79 Issue 387, p575; Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: PREDICTION theory; Subject Term: RANKING (Statistics); Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: PREDICTION models; Subject Term: TRUTHFULNESS & falsehood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data splitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimism principle.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prediction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iman, Ronald L.
AU  - Hora, Stephen C.
AU  - Conover, W. J.
T1  - Comparison of Asymptotically Distribution-Free Procedures for the Analysis of Complete Blocks.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1984/09//
VL  - 79
IS  - 387
M3  - Article
SP  - 674
SN  - 01621459
AB  - The Friedman test (or sign test when k = 2) depends entirely on within-block rankings. In a recent paper, Quade (1979) attempted to provide a test with more power than the Friedman test by considering a k-sample extension of the Wilcoxon signed ranks test. This is done by taking advantage of the between-block information. A third way to approach the problem and still retain both the within- and between-block information is first to transform all the observations to ranks from 1 to bk (b blocks and k treatments) and then to apply the parametric F test to the ranks. This approach is shown to be asymptotically distribution-free under suitable conditions. Computer simulation results indicate that this procedure is both robust and powerful for small sample sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - RANDOM variables
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC distribution (Probability theory)
KW  - BLOCK designs
KW  - RANKING
KW  - RANKING (Statistics)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - SAMPLE size (Statistics)
KW  - Friedman test
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Quade test.
KW  - Randomized complete blocks
KW  - Rank transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 4613899; Iman, Ronald L. 1; Hora, Stephen C. 2; Conover, W. J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Statistical Consultant, Division 6415. Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185.; 2: Associate Professor, College of Business Administration, Texas Tech University, Box 4320, Lubbock, TX 79409.; 3: Horn Professor of Statistics and Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies, College of Business Administration, Texas Tech University, Box 4320, Lubbock, TX 79409.; Issue Info: Sep84, Vol. 79 Issue 387, p674; Thesaurus Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: RANDOM variables; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC distribution (Probability theory); Subject Term: BLOCK designs; Subject Term: RANKING; Subject Term: RANKING (Statistics); Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: SAMPLE size (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Friedman test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quade test.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Randomized complete blocks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rank transformation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - Household Energy Conservation: A Review of the Federal Residential Conservation Service.
JO  - Public Administration Review
JF  - Public Administration Review
Y1  - 1984/09//Sep/Oct84
VL  - 44
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
EP  - 430
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00333352
AB  - Most electric and gas utilities provide free or low-cost energy audits to their residential customers, usually as pan of the federal Residential Conservation Service (RCS). RCS programs in the few states where competent evaluations were done show incremental energy savings for participants of approximately 3-5 percent. Assessing the economic worth of RCS programs is particularly difficult (and very site-specific) because of factors such as future fuel prices, differences between marginal and average fuel prices, discount rates, and differences in how programs are implemented. The meager evidence on RCS program cost-effectiveness suggests that the economic benefits are generally small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Public Administration Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - ENERGY auditing
KW  - GAS companies
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - STATE governments
KW  - DWELLINGS
KW  - HOUSEHOLDS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 4593507; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Sep/Oct84, Vol. 44 Issue 5, p421; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY conservation; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY auditing; Thesaurus Term: GAS companies; Thesaurus Term: COST effectiveness; Thesaurus Term: STATE governments; Subject Term: DWELLINGS; Subject Term: HOUSEHOLDS; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221118 Other Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 814110 Private Households; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane
T1  - LEARNING TO CLONE.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 646
EP  - 646
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Recombinant DNA Techniques: An Introduction,' by R. L. Rodriguez and R. C. Tait.
KW  - Recombinant DNA
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Rodriguez, R.
KW  - Tait, R.
KW  - Recombinant DNA Techniques (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10113820; Setlow, Jane 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Nov84, Vol. 34 Issue 10, p646; Subject Term: Recombinant DNA; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Recombinant DNA Techniques (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; People: Rodriguez, R.; People: Tait, R.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 457
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril D.
T1  - INDUSTRIAL TOXINS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 656
EP  - 656
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity, and Teratogenicity of Industrial Pollutants,' edited by Micheline Kirsch-Volders.
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity & Teratogenicity of Industrial Pollutants (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10114464; Woodhead, Avril D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, Long Island, NY 11973; Issue Info: Nov84, Vol. 34 Issue 10, p656; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity & Teratogenicity of Industrial Pollutants (Book); Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 557
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SCHRIESHEIM, ALAN
T1  - Federal R&D Policy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/11/16/
VL  - 226
IS  - 4676
M3  - Article
SP  - 780
EP  - 782
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85483712; SCHRIESHEIM, ALAN 1; Affiliations: 1: Office of the Director, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 11/16/1984, Vol. 226 Issue 4676, p780; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HAMMEL, EUGENE A.
AU  - GOELLER, H. E.
AU  - ZUCKER, ALEXANDER
T1  - Population Projections.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/11/16/
VL  - 226
IS  - 4676
M3  - Article
SP  - 782
EP  - 782
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85483714; HAMMEL, EUGENE A. 1; GOELLER, H. E. 2; ZUCKER, ALEXANDER 2; Affiliations: 1: Committee on Population, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 20418, and Graduate Group in Demography, University of California, Berkeley 94720; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box X, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Issue Info: 11/16/1984, Vol. 226 Issue 4676, p782; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheimer, J. F.
AU  - Borg, I. Y.
T1  - Deep Seismic Sounding with Nuclear Explosives in the Soviet Union.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/11/16/
VL  - 226
IS  - 4676
M3  - Article
SP  - 787
EP  - 792
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85483716; Scheimer, J. F. 1; Borg, I. Y. 2; Affiliations: 1: Head, Seismological Research Center of the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Science; 2: Senior geologist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore; Issue Info: 11/16/1984, Vol. 226 Issue 4676, p787; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
AU  - Dubinsky, Zvy
AU  - Muscatine, Leonard
AU  - Porter, James W.
T1  - Light and the Bioenergetics of a Symbiotic Coral.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/12//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
EP  - 709
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Colonies of the coral Stylophora pistillata growing at high light can obtain all the reduced carbon needed for animal respiration from photosynthesis by symbiotic zooxanthellae. In contrast, colonies in shaded reef areas must acquire 60% of their reduced carbon heterotrophically. More than 90% of the carbon fixed by zooxanthellae is translocated to the animal host in both light regimes, but very little is assimilated, apparently because the translocated products are deficient in nitrogen. Thus, the coral's overall growth efficiency is similar to that of aquatic herbivores that forage actively. (Accepted for publication 24 August 1984) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photobiology
KW  - Bioenergetics
KW  - Symbiosis
KW  - Corals
KW  - Photosynthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 10229341; Falkowski, Paul G. 1; Dubinsky, Zvy 2; Muscatine, Leonard 3; Porter, James W. 4; Affiliations: 1: Océanographie Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Department of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel 52100; 3: Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024; 4: Department of Zoology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602; Issue Info: Dec84, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p705; Thesaurus Term: Photobiology; Thesaurus Term: Bioenergetics; Thesaurus Term: Symbiosis; Thesaurus Term: Corals; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4180
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lovett, G.M.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
T1  - DRY DEPOSITION AND CANOPY EXCHANGE IN A MIXED OAK FOREST AS DETERMINED BY ANALYSIS OF THROUGHFALL.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
Y1  - 1984/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1013
EP  - 1027
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218901
AB  - (1) Multiple regression analysis was applied to single-event samples of throughfall beneath oak trees to separate the contributions of dry deposition and canopy exchange to the net deposition (throughfall minus precipitation). (2) Results for chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) in the growing season indicate that 62 and 42% of the net deposition of SO 2/4 and Ca2-, respectively, were supplied by canopy exchange, with the remainder being washed-off dry deposition. For white oak (Quercus alba L.), the corresponding values were 81 and 73%, (3) Dry deposition accounted for 30 and 71% of the total atmospheric input of SO 2/4 and Ca2-, respectively. (4) For nitrate, dry deposition was at least 30% of the total atmospheric input, but some uptake of both wet and dry deposition probably occurred in the canopy. (5) For potassium, much of the measured dry deposition appeared to be particulate material released and redeposited within the canopy. (6) Wet deposition dominated the throughfall flux of sulphate and nitrate, but dry deposition dominated that for Ca2- and canopy exchange dominated that for K-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Plant canopies
KW  - Nitrates
KW  - Sulfates
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Oak
N1  - Accession Number: 12499549; Lovett, G.M. 1; Lindberg, S.E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Dec84, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p1013; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Plant canopies; Thesaurus Term: Nitrates; Thesaurus Term: Sulfates; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Subject Term: Oak; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pack, David J.
T1  - Short Term Forecasting/Forecasting With Univariate Box/Statistical Methods for Forecasting (Book Reviews).
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1984/12//
VL  - 79
IS  - 388
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 945
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews three books. "Short Term Forecasting: An Introduction to the Box-Jenkins Approach," by Thomas M. O'Donovan; "Forecasting With Univariate Box-Jenkins Models: Concepts and Cases," by Alan Pankratz; "Statistical Methods for Forecasting," by Bovas Abraham and Johannes Ledolter.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - O'DONOVAN, Thomas M.
KW  - PANKRATZ, Alan
KW  - ABRAHAM, Bovas
KW  - LEDOLTER, Johannes
KW  - SHORT Term Forecasting: An Introduction to the Box-Jenkins Approach (Book)
KW  - FORECASTING With Univariate Box-Jenkins Models (Book)
KW  - STATISTICAL Methods for Forecasting (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 4613290; Pack, David J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.; Issue Info: Dec84, Vol. 79 Issue 388, p945; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: SHORT Term Forecasting: An Introduction to the Box-Jenkins Approach (Book); Reviews & Products: FORECASTING With Univariate Box-Jenkins Models (Book); Reviews & Products: STATISTICAL Methods for Forecasting (Book); People: O'DONOVAN, Thomas M.; People: PANKRATZ, Alan; People: ABRAHAM, Bovas; People: LEDOLTER, Johannes; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaserman, David L.
AU  - Roy Kavanugi, L.
AU  - Tepel, Richard C.
T1  - TO WHICH FIDDLE DOES THE REGULATOR DANCE? SOME EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE.
JO  - Review of Industrial Organization
JF  - Review of Industrial Organization
Y1  - 1984///Winter1984
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
EP  - 258
SN  - 0889938X
AB  - This paper presents an empirical test of the economic theory of regulation which holds that regulators behave as optimizers facing pressures from opposing interest groups. The data employed pertain to the decisions made in the early 197O's by state public service commissions to award or reject automatic fuel adjustment clauses for 34 electric utilities located in the northeast. A probit model of this binary decision outcome is specified, incorporating those variables suggested by the economic theory of regulation. The results obtained provide empirical support for that theory. Moreover, the results strongly reject what has come to be known as the simple capture theory of regulation which holds that regulators unerringly dance to the industry's fiddle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Industrial Organization is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC industries
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - PUBLIC utilities
KW  - ELECTRIC power distribution
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
N1  - Accession Number: 17082864; Kaserman, David L. 1; Roy Kavanugi, L. 2; Tepel, Richard C. 3; Affiliations: 1: The University of Tennessee; 2: Tennessee Gas Transmission; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Winter1984, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p246; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC industries; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC utilities; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC power distribution; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221118 Other Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lyon, W S
T1  - Scientometrics with some emphasis on communication at scientific meetings and through the 'invisible college'
JO  - Chemical Information Bulletin
JF  - Chemical Information Bulletin
Y1  - 1985///Spr
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Conference Paper
SP  - 20
EP  - 20
SN  - 03641929
AB  - This paper discusses the dissemination of data through analytical chemistry journals and through conferences and meetings and their relationship to scientometric studies.
KW  - INFORMATION dissemination
KW  - Chemical data
KW  - Communications
KW  - Conferences
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2200596; Lyon, W S 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN;  Source Info: Spr 1985, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p20; Note: Update Code: 2200; Subject Term: INFORMATION dissemination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Communications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conferences; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Conference Paper
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Ashenhurst, Robert L.
AU  - Tompkins, Howard E.
AU  - Bernstein, Danielle R.
AU  - Elvira, Aria Maria
AU  - Phillippi, Ehner J.
T1  - Acm forum.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1985/01//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents letters to the editor. Examination of the trend in computer programming in the U.S.; Encouragement of second careers in education; Views on the nonprocedural codes in COBOL, the computer program language; Observations on the importance of English composition in writing computer documents.
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - CAREER changes
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COBOL (Computer program language)
KW  - WRITING processes
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 5236492; Ashenhurst, Robert L.; Tompkins, Howard E. 1; Bernstein, Danielle R.; Elvira, Aria Maria 2; Phillippi, Ehner J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Computer Science Department, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705.; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, G.P.O. Box 4908 L-73, Livermore, CA 94550.; 3: Chemical Abstracts Service P.O. Box 3012 Columbus, OH 43210.; Issue Info: Jan1985, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p3; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Thesaurus Term: CAREER changes; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COBOL (Computer program language); Subject Term: WRITING processes; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1145/2465.314908
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dent, Gene L.
T1  - Curing the Disabling Effects Of Employee Injury.
JO  - Risk Management (00355593)
JF  - Risk Management (00355593)
Y1  - 1985/01//
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 32
SN  - 00355593
AB  - This article focuses on the assistance for disabled employees. Rarely is the complexity of factors confronting the disabled employee fully appreciated. The duration and cost of disability are determined as much by financial, emotional and social considerations as by purely medical considerations. The phrase preventive rehabilitation may seem self-contradictory but it expresses the purpose of the return to work program. There are as many different approaches as there are programs, but the best programs include elements of employee assistance counseling and vocational rehabilitation to the employee's ability to work. Employee assistance counseling helps employees cope with the stresses of disability and is important in exploring employee motivation. Return to work programs offer many benefits to the employee, including the resumption of salary, disability benefits rarely equal full salary. Vocational rehabilitation practices, employee assistance counseling, coordination between medical and disability benefit providers and regular communication among all parties represent the foundation of a successful return to work program. While these practices may not be new, their systematic application within corporations represents a new approach toward remediating the human and financial costs of disability to both the employee and employer.
KW  - PEOPLE with disabilities -- Employment
KW  - VOCATIONAL rehabilitation
KW  - EMPLOYEE assistance programs
KW  - RETURN to work programs
KW  - DISABILITY insurance
N1  - Accession Number: 15168115; Dent, Gene L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Issue Info: Jan85, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p30; Thesaurus Term: PEOPLE with disabilities -- Employment; Thesaurus Term: VOCATIONAL rehabilitation; Thesaurus Term: EMPLOYEE assistance programs; Thesaurus Term: RETURN to work programs; Thesaurus Term: DISABILITY insurance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524111 Direct individual life, health and medical insurance carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524112 Direct group life, health and medical insurance carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524113 Direct Life Insurance Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624310 Vocational Rehabilitation Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Witschi, H. P.
AU  - Tryka, A. F.
AU  - Mauderly, J. L.
AU  - Haschek, W. M.
AU  - Satterfield, L. C.
AU  - Bowles, N. D.
AU  - Boyd, M. R.
T1  - Long‐term effects of repeated exposure to 3‐methylfuran in hamsters and mice.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1985/01/02/
VL  - 16
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 581
EP  - 592
SN  - 00984108
AB  - Male and female Syrian golden hamsters were exposed for 2 h once a week for 10 consecutive weeks to 344 μmol/l of 3‐methylfuran (3MF), an agent known to produce acute Clara‐cell necrosis. Ten months later their respiratory function was evaluated. No functional differences were found between control and treated animals, and his‐topathologic evaluation of the lungs did not reveal any major treatment‐related alterations. Male and female BALB/c mice were exposed for 1 h to 26.8 μmol/l of 3MF once weekly for 10 wk. After 2 yr the tumor incidence in exposed animals was not increased when compared to controls. It is concluded that the acute Clara‐cell necrosis produced by 3MF at the doses used is of little long‐term consequence. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75457213; Witschi, H. P. 1; Tryka, A. F. 2,3; Mauderly, J. L. 4; Haschek, W. M. 5,6; Satterfield, L. C. 5; Bowles, N. D. 5; Boyd, M. R. 7; Source Information: Jan1985, Vol. 16 Issue 3/4, p581; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287398509530765
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - DeVolpi, Alex
AU  - Wernette, Dee
T1  - Congress enacts a peace institute.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1985/02//
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
M3  - Report
SP  - 42
EP  - 42
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reports on the decision of the U.S. 98th Congress to enact the United States Institution of Peace Act signed by President Ronald Reagan as part of the Defense Authorization Bill.  Authorship of the peace initiative law and budget appropriations for the Institute; Objectives of the Institute; Roles and the responsibilities.
KW  - Peace
KW  - Military sociology
KW  - International security
KW  - United States
KW  - Ideologies and Issues
KW  - Influences of Other Nations on National Decisions
N1  - Accession Number: 11077503; DeVolpi, Alex 1; Wernette, Dee 2; Affiliations: 1: Reactor Analysis and Safety Division, Argonne National Laboratory; 2: Lewis University, Romeoville, Illinois; Issue Info: Feb1985, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p42; Subject Term: Peace; Subject Term: Military sociology; Subject Term: International security; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ideologies and Issues; Author-Supplied Keyword: Influences of Other Nations on National Decisions; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pack, D.J.
AU  - Pike, D.H.
AU  - Downing, D.J.
T1  - THE ROLE OF LINEAR RECURSIVE ESTIMATORS IN TIME SERIES FORECASTING.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1985/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
EP  - 199
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - This paper presents a descriptive synthesis of a number of a linear recursive estimator (LRE) procedures for time series forecasting, i.e., procedures which involve parameter updates proportional to the last period forecast error. It is stressed that both constant and variable parameter procedures exist among LRE's. General requirements for stability of parameter estimates are given, as are general forms for parameter estimate covariance matrices that appear in forecast variance determinations. Procedures explicitly considered are the Kalman filter, dynamic autoregression, the Carbone-Longini adaptive estimation procedure, generalized least squares, Widrow's least mean square, and the Makridakis-Wheelwright generalized adaptive filtering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Management Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - TIME series analysis
KW  - BUSINESS forecasting
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - DYNAMIC programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - Forecasting/Time Series
N1  - Accession Number: 7360682; Pack, D.J. 1; Pike, D.H. 1; Downing, D.J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Feb1985, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p188; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: TIME series analysis; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS forecasting; Thesaurus Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Thesaurus Term: DYNAMIC programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forecasting/Time Series; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Wong, H K T
AU  - Olken, F
AU  - Rotem, D
AU  - Wong, L
T1  - Bit transposed files
JO  - Report No: DE87010984/HCW
JF  - Report No: DE87010984/HCW
Y1  - 1985/02//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - This paper first examines the reasons why sophisticated access methods are often not used in large Scientific/Statistical Database (SSDB) applications. A file structure (called bit transposed file) is proposed which offers several attractive features that are better suited for the special characteristics that SSDBs exhibit. This file structure is an extreme version of the transposed file where the data is stored by vertical bitwise partitions (rather than by attributewise). The bit patterns of attributes are assigned using one of several index encoding methods. Each of these encoding methods is appropriate for different query types and access requirements. The bit partitions can also be compressed using a version of the run length encoding scheme. Efficient operators on compressed bit vectors are available to form the backbone of a query language. In addition to selective power with low overhead for SSDBs, the bit transposed file also is amenable to special parallel hardware. Results from experiments with the file structure suggest that this may be a reasonable alternative file structure for large SSDBs. (ERA citation 12:040317).
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - Access
KW  - Encoding
KW  - File systems
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2300133; Wong, H K T 1; Olken, F; Rotem, D; Wong, L; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA;  Source Info: Feb 1985; Note: Update Code: 2300; Subject Term: DATABASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Access; Author-Supplied Keyword: Encoding; Author-Supplied Keyword: File systems; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, S.
AU  - Lane, P.
T1  - Laboratory studies of the marine copepod Centropages typicus: egg production and development rates.
JO  - Marine Biology
JF  - Marine Biology
Y1  - 1985/02/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 162
SN  - 00253162
AB  - Egg production and development rates of Centropages typicus (Krøyer) were studied in the laboratory under carying food and temperature conditions. Egg production rates in the laboratory ranged from 0 to 124 eggs female d and increased with food concentration up to a critical food concentration (P) above which egg production was constant. Egg production rates were influenced by temperature, with more eggs being produced at 15°C than at 10°C. Thalassiosira weisflogii and Prorocentrum micans were determined to be equally capable of supporting egg production at concentrations above P at 15°C. Rate of egg production was independent of adult female size when food and temperature were constant. Egg production rates of freshly captured females ranged from 0 to 188 eggs female d and were higher in April and May than in June or July. Hatching rates of eggs increased with increased temperature; 95% of the eggs at 15°C hatched within 48 h, while only 8% of the eggs at 10°C hatched within 48 h. Development rates, determined at 10°C in excess concentrations of T. weisflogii, were 23.0 d from egg release to copepodid state I, 27.0 d to stage II, 29.5 d to stage III, 32.2 d to stage IV, 38.5 d to stage V and 49 d to adulthood based on the average time required for 50% of the organisms in an experiment to attain a given stage. Adult males were usually observed 2 to 4 d before adult females, and therefore have a slightly faster rate of development. The effects of temperature, food type and food concentration on egg production and the seasonal appearances of diatoms in the New York Bight may account for the observed seasonal cycles in abundance of C. typicus in these coastal waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cold (Temperature)
KW  - Centropagidae
KW  - Eggs -- Incubation
KW  - Thalassiosira
KW  - New York (N.Y.)
KW  - New York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 71121607; Smith, S. 1; Lane, P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oceanographic Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Issue Info: 1985, Vol. 85 Issue 2, p153; Thesaurus Term: Cold (Temperature); Subject Term: Centropagidae; Subject Term: Eggs -- Incubation; Subject Term: Thalassiosira; Subject: New York (N.Y.); Subject: New York (State); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00397434
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilbanks, Thomas J.
T1  - Geography and Public Policy at the National Scale.
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 1985/03//
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 10
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - Geography has already had a substantial impact on national policymaking, but the unrealized potential is even greater. Since World War II, geographers have played important roles in a great many federal agencies, and other geographers outside the federal service have been leaders in such arenas as environmental and urban policy. Besides some personal characteristics that make many geographers useful, the main reason is that public policymaking in the United States is exquisitely geographic at the national level. As it is presently structured, however, our policymaking system has a limited capacity to find out the geographic import of the policy options it considers: this complicates interactions between the executive and legislative branches of the government. At a time when society expects policy to be arrived at pluralistically and when a great many of our policy debates involve relationships between one's location and one's legitimate vested interest, geographers have a remarkable opportunity to build roles for their perspectives and skills into new policymaking structures that are evolving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of the Association of American Geographers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geography
KW  - Policy sciences
KW  - Political planning
KW  - Geographers
KW  - War & society
KW  - Urban sociology
KW  - United States
KW  - applied geography
KW  - locational decisions
KW  - polilical geography
KW  - public policy
KW  - regional conflict
N1  - Accession Number: 15079636; Wilbanks, Thomas J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, IN 37831; Issue Info: Mar85, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p4; Thesaurus Term: Geography; Subject Term: Policy sciences; Subject Term: Political planning; Subject Term: Geographers; Subject Term: War & society; Subject Term: Urban sociology; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: applied geography; Author-Supplied Keyword: locational decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: polilical geography; Author-Supplied Keyword: public policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: regional conflict; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, John
T1  - FROM AMINO ACIDS TO BIOTECHNOLOGY.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1985/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 187
EP  - 187
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Amino Acids: Biosynthesis and Genetic Regulation,' edited by Klaus M. Herrman and Ronald L. Somerville.
KW  - Biosynthesis
KW  - Amino acids
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Amino Acids (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10101938; Bennett, John 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Mar1985, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p187; Thesaurus Term: Biosynthesis; Subject Term: Amino acids; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Amino Acids (Book); Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 570
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
T1  - MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES SHOW POTENTIAL.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1985/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 198
EP  - 199
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews two books 'Monoclonal Antibodies: Probes for the Study of Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency,' by Barton F. Haynes and G.S. Eisenbarth/ 'Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer,' edited by Barbara D. Boss, Rod Langman, Ian Trowbridge, and R. Dulbecco.
KW  - Monoclonal antibodies
KW  - Molecular cloning
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Haynes, Barton
KW  - Eisenbarth, G. S.
KW  - Monoclonal Antibodies (Book)
KW  - Monoclonal Antibodies & Cancer (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10103948; Kennel, Stephen J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: Mar1985, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p198; Subject Term: Monoclonal antibodies; Subject Term: Molecular cloning; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Monoclonal Antibodies (Book); Reviews & Products: Monoclonal Antibodies & Cancer (Book); People: Haynes, Barton; People: Eisenbarth, G. S.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1172
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiue, Chyng-Yann
AU  - Kutzman, Raymond
AU  - Wolf, Alfred
T1  - Synthesis of 4-[F]fluoroantipyrine and its biodistribution in mice.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1985/03//
VL  - 10
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
EP  - 282
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71142893; Shiue, Chyng-Yann 1; Kutzman, Raymond 1; Wolf, Alfred 1; Source Information: Mar1985, Vol. 10 Issue 5/6, p278; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00254475
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, David
AU  - Crutchfield, Jim
AU  - Farmer, Doyne
AU  - Jen, Erica
T1  - EXPERIMENTAL MATHEMATICS: THE ROLE OF COMPUTATION IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1985/04//
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
EP  - 384
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article discusses the role of computers in nonlinear science. The term experimental mathematics has been coined to describe computer-based investigations into nonlinear problems that are inaccessible to analytic methods. The experimental mathematician uses the computer to simulate the solutions of nonlinear equations and thereby to gain insights into their behavior and to suggest directions for future analytic research. Nonlinear science has become a discipline in itself, simply because nature is intrinsically nonlinear. The term nonlinear science, meaning the science of problems that are not linear, may seem odd at first. It seems to suggest that linear problems are the central issue, while in fact precisely the opposite is true. Although simple dynamical systems with low dimensional phase spaces can model much of the real world, the analysis of many physical phenomena requires a somewhat different approach. Digital computers, at both mainframe and minicomputer levels and in the conventional sequential or partially pipelined architecture, remain the general purpose tool of experimental mathematicians.
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - PROBLEMS, exercises, etc.
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - chaotic behavior
KW  - experimental mathematics
KW  - nonlinear science
KW  - solitons
N1  - Accession Number: 5225493; Campbell, David 1; Crutchfield, Jim 2; Farmer, Doyne 1; Jen, Erica 3; Affiliations: 1: David Campbell and Doyne Farmer, Center for Nonlinear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos. NM 87545.; 2: Physics Dept., University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.; 3: Mathematics Dept,, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. CA 90089.; Issue Info: Apr1985, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p374; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER architecture; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: PROBLEMS, exercises, etc.; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: chaotic behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: experimental mathematics; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear science; Author-Supplied Keyword: solitons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/3341.3345
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R.M.
AU  - Carnes, B.A.
AU  - Moorman, T.B.
T1  - FACTORS INFLUENCING SURVIVAL OF VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA PROPAGULES DURING TOPSOIL STORAGE.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
Y1  - 1985/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 266
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218901
AB  - Examines the factors influencing survival of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi propagules during topsoil storage.  Relation of propagule mortality to in situ soil moisture potential using a piecewise regression model; Topsoil replacement; Subsequent plant community development.
KW  - Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas
KW  - Endophytic fungi
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Soil dynamics
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Mycotrophy
N1  - Accession Number: 12204989; Miller, R.M. 1; Carnes, B.A. 2; Moorman, T.B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division; 2: Biological and Medical Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Apr85, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p259; Thesaurus Term: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas; Thesaurus Term: Endophytic fungi; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Thesaurus Term: Soil dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: Mycotrophy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winstanley, Derek
T1  - AFRICA IN DROUGHT.
JO  - Weatherwise
JF  - Weatherwise
Y1  - 1985/04//
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 81
SN  - 00431672
AB  - Discusses drought condition in tropical Africa.  Impact of long-term climatic change on drought; Geographical and temporal characteristics of rainfall distributions in the continent; Average rainfall per month; Agricultural and economic impacts of repeated and persistent droughts in the sub-Saharan zone; Time-series analysis of annual rainfall; Climatic changes in the equatorial zones; Causes of climatic changes.  INSET: CLIMATE IMPACTS..
KW  - Droughts
KW  - Rain & rainfall
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Africa
N1  - Accession Number: 11391669; Winstanley, Derek 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; 2: National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program, Washington, D.C.; Issue Info: Apr85, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p74; Thesaurus Term: Droughts; Thesaurus Term: Rain & rainfall; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject: Africa; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs, 7 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huebner, Walter F.
T1  - Comets (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/05//May/Jun85
VL  - 73
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 289
EP  - 289
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Comets: A Descriptive Catalog,' by Gary W. Kronk.
KW  - Comets
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Kronk, Gary W.
KW  - Comets (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11183388; Huebner, Walter F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: May/Jun85, Vol. 73 Issue 3, p289; Subject Term: Comets; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Comets (Book); People: Kronk, Gary W.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
T1  - SUPPLEMENTAL ANTIBODIES.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1985/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 319
EP  - 319
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Antibodies: Their Structure and Function,' edited by M.W. Steward.
KW  - Immunoglobulins
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Antibodies: Their Structure & Function (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10106026; Kennel, Stephen J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: May85, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p319; Subject Term: Immunoglobulins; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Antibodies: Their Structure & Function (Book); Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 240
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, A. D.
T1  - A LUXURIOUS VEHICLE.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1985/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 320
EP  - 320
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Cellular and Molecular Biology of Neoplasia,' Edited by Tak W. Mak and Ian Tannock.
KW  - Tumors
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Cellular & Molecular Biology of Neoplasia (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10106060; Woodhead, A. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000; Issue Info: May85, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p320; Subject Term: Tumors; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Cellular & Molecular Biology of Neoplasia (Book); Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 490
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, R.J.
AU  - Richter, D. D.
AU  - Luxmoore, R. J.
T1  - PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN SOYBEAN INHIBITED BY GASEOUS POLLUTANTS BUT NOT BY ACID RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1985/05//
VL  - 100
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 85
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The responses of several physiological processes and indices were studied in soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. `Davis'] exposed to combinations of polluted air (0.1 μ11[Sup-1]' SO[sub2] + 0.05 μ11[sup-1] O[Sub3]) and simulated acid rain (pH 3.4, 4.2 and 5.0). Plants exposed to the gaseous air pollutants had lower foliar concentrations of mineral nutrients and chlorophyll. Leaf abscission was increased and photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, and vegetative growth were inhibited by SO[Sub2] + O[Sub3]. There was no evidence of adverse effects from acid rain on the physiology of this cultivar, regardless of the gaseous pollutant treatment. In the absence of fundamental physiological dysfunctions, acid rain is unlikely to reduce yield; hence, this study with `Davis' soybeans supports the conclusion of those field studies that have indicated no adverse effects of acid rain on soybeans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Defoliation
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Abscission (Botany)
KW  - air pollution
KW  - nitrogen fixation
KW  - nutrients
KW  - photosynthesis.
N1  - Accession Number: 11917974; Norby, R.J. 1; Richter, D. D. 1; Luxmoore, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.; Issue Info: May85, Vol. 100 Issue 1, p79; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Defoliation; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Abscission (Botany); Author-Supplied Keyword: air pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen fixation; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - ALLIANCE SECURITY: NATO AND THE NO-FIRST-USE QUESTION (Book).
AU  - Pilat, Joseph F.
JO  - Society
JF  - Society
Y1  - 1985/05//May/Jun85
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
SP  - 65
EP  - 67
SN  - 01472011
N1  - Accession Number: 10979098; Author: Pilat, Joseph F.: 1 ; Author Affiliation: 1 Staff Member, Strategic Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory; No. of Pages: 3; Language: English; Publication Type: Book Review; Update Code: 20050620
N2  - Reviews the book "Alliance Security: NATO and the No-First-Use Question," edited by John D. Steinbruner and Leon V. Sigal.
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - NONFICTION
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - EVERNDEN, JACK F.
AU  - HANNON, W. J.
T1  - Verification of Nuclear Testing.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1985/05/17/
VL  - 228
IS  - 4701
M3  - Article
SP  - 792
EP  - 794
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84692239; EVERNDEN, JACK F. 1; HANNON, W. J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Post Office Box 174, Davenport, California 95017; 2: Seismic Monitoring Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Issue Info: 5/17/1985, Vol. 228 Issue 4701, p792; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SLATKIN, D. N.
AU  - FRIEDMAN, L.
AU  - IRSA, A. P.
AU  - MICCA, P. L.
T1  - The Stability of DNA in Human Cerebellar Neurons.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1985/05/24/
VL  - 228
IS  - 4702
M3  - Article
SP  - 1002
EP  - 1004
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Human tissues have carbon-isotope ratios (13C/12C) that reflect dietary ratios. This observation has been used to determine the extent of metabolic turnover of DNA in cells of the adult human cerebellum (90 percent of which are neuronal). If adult human neuronal DNA were metabolically stable, its 13C/12C would reflect that in the maternal diet duringfetal development as nearly all neurons areformed during maturation of the fetal brain and do not undergo cell division thereafter. The 13C/12C ratios in the food chains and body tissues of Europeans differ from corresponding American ratios by about SO parts per million on the average. Therefore, turnover was studied by comparing 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA of American-born Americans, European-born Americans, and European-born Europeans. The 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA from European-born Americans were closer to 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA from European-born Europeans than from American-born Americans, indicating that there was little or no turnover of neuronal DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84692331; SLATKIN, D. N. 1; FRIEDMAN, L. 1; IRSA, A. P. 1; MICCA, P. L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: 5/24/1985, Vol. 228 Issue 4702, p1002; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - May, Michael M.
T1  - A view from the weapons labs.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1985/06//Jun/Jul1985
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 10
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Disputes the contention that weapons-laboratories are a driving force behind the nuclear arms race.  Historical and policy context in which the laboratories operate; Approaches used by the U.S. and the Soviet Union to avoiding nuclear war and the circumstances that might lead to it; Nuclear testing programs carried out by the laboratories for all the reasons that scientists might expect; Effort devoted to finding out whether nuclear explosives can be put to significantly different military uses.
KW  - Nuclear weapons
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Arms race
KW  - United States
KW  - Soviet Union
N1  - Accession Number: 11077307; May, Michael M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jun/Jul1985, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p8; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear weapons; Subject Term: Laboratories; Subject Term: Arms race; Subject: United States; Subject: Soviet Union; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lach, Joseph
T1  - Countdown to Space War/National Interests and the Military Use of Space/The Fallacy of Star Wars (Book).
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1985/06//Jun/Jul1985
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 50
EP  - 51
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reviews books about U.S. space policy.  'Countdown to Space War,' by Bhupendra Jasani and Christopher Lee; 'National Interests and the Military Use of Space,' edited by William L. Dutch; 'The Fallacy of Star Wars,' edited by John Tirman.
KW  - Jasani, Bhupendra
KW  - Countdown to Space War (Book)
KW  - National Interests & the Military Use of Space (Book)
KW  - Fallacy of Star Wars, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11077322; Lach, Joseph 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Issue Info: Jun/Jul1985, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p50; Reviews & Products: Countdown to Space War (Book); Reviews & Products: National Interests & the Military Use of Space (Book); Reviews & Products: Fallacy of Star Wars, The (Book); People: Jasani, Bhupendra; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Book Review
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Santucci, Karen A.
AU  - Patti, Mitchell J.
T1  - EFFECTS OF FREQUENCY AND DURATION OF SIMULATED ACIDIC RAINFALLS ON SOYBEAN YIELDS.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1985/06//
VL  - 100
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 208
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - An experiment to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain, applied at two frequencies and durations, on seed yields of two commercial cultivars of soybeans was performed during the summer of 1983. Plants were shielded from all ambient rainfalls automatically by two moveable exclusion covers and exposed to simulated rainfalls in quantities equal to the average amount of rainfall that occurs at the site during the growing season. Seed yields of soybeans (cv. Amsoy) exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 0, 10 and 17% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 5.6. The linear treatment--response function of seed yield versus rainfall pH for Amsoy was <em>y</em> + 9.18+ 0.74<em>x</em> and had a correlation coefficient of 0.86 (<em>y</em> is seed mass per plant and <em>x</em> is the pH of the simulated rain). The linear component of pH treatment differences showed a highly significant decrease in yield (<em>P</em>= 0.0034). For Amsoy plants exposed to simulated rainfalls daily, plants exposed to pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 exhibited yields 10, 19 and 12%, respectively, below those exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 5.6. A treatment-response function (<em>P</em>= 0.0713) of seed yield vs rainfall pH was <em>y</em> +7.35+ 0.56<em>x</em> and had a correlation coefficient of 0.84. Seed yields of the Williams cultivar were not affected by rainfall acidity. In both cultivars the daily, short duration rainfall regimen resulted in significantly lower yields compared with the twice weekly, longer duration rainfalls. The major portion of the differences in seed yield can be accounted for by the observed differences in number of pods per plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Acetic acid
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Rain & rainfall
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Plant varieties
KW  - <em>Glycine max</em>.
KW  - Acidic rain
KW  - dose-response functions
KW  - seed yields
KW  - soybean
N1  - Accession Number: 12389656; Evans, Lance S. 1,2; Lewin, Keith F. 1; Santucci, Karen A. 2; Patti, Mitchell J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; 2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, NY 10471, USA.; Issue Info: Jun85, Vol. 100 Issue 2, p199; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Acetic acid; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Rain & rainfall; Thesaurus Term: Seeds; Thesaurus Term: Plant varieties; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Glycine max</em>.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidic rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose-response functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: soybean; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411190 Other farm product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418320 Seed merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haiken, Grant
T1  - Volcanic Hazards: A Sourcebook on the Effects of Eruptions (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/07//Jul/Aug85
VL  - 73
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 387
EP  - 388
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Volcanic Hazards: A Sourcebook on the Effects of Eruptions,' by R.J. Blong.
KW  - Volcanic hazard analysis
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Blong, R. J.
KW  - Volcanic Hazards (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11182335; Haiken, Grant 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jul/Aug85, Vol. 73 Issue 4, p387; Thesaurus Term: Volcanic hazard analysis; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Volcanic Hazards (Book); People: Blong, R. J.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamada, Tetsuji
T1  - Atmospheric Turbulence: Models and Methods for Engineering Applications (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/07//Jul/Aug85
VL  - 73
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 399
EP  - 399
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Atmospheric Turbulence: Models and Methods for Engineering Applications,' by Hans A. Panofsky and John A. Dutton.
KW  - Atmospheric turbulence
KW  - Panofsky, Hans A.
KW  - Button, John A.
KW  - Atmospheric Turbulence: Models & Methods for Engineering Applications (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11182377; Yamada, Tetsuji 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jul/Aug85, Vol. 73 Issue 4, p399; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric turbulence; Reviews & Products: Atmospheric Turbulence: Models & Methods for Engineering Applications (Book); People: Panofsky, Hans A.; People: Button, John A.; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margolis, Stephen B.
AU  - Kaper, Hans G.
AU  - Leaf, Gary K.
AU  - Matkowsky, Bernard J.
T1  - Bifurcation of Pulsating and Spinning Reaction Fronts in Condensed Two-Phase Combustion.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1985/07//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 165
SN  - 00102202
AB  - We employ a nonlinear stability analysis to describe the bifurcation of pulsating and spinning modes of combustion in condensed media. We adopt the two-phase model of Margolis (1983) in which the modified nondimensional activation energy Δ of the reaction is large, but finite, and in which the limiting component of the mixture melts during the reaction process, as characterized by a nondimensional melting parameter M. We identify several types of non-steady solution branches which bifurcate from the steady palanar solution and show that they are supercritical and stable only for certain realistic ranges of M. For example, the spinning modes, though supercritical and stable for a range of M > 0, are subcritical and unstable for M = 0. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75864416; Margolis, Stephen B. 1; Kaper, Hans G. 2; Leaf, Gary K. 2; Matkowsky, Bernard J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Applied Mathematics Division, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, USA; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; 3: Department of Engineering Sciences and Appplied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA; Issue Info: Jul1985, Vol. 43 Issue 3/4, p127; Number of Pages: 39p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208508947001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margolis, Stephen B.
T1  - An Asymptotic Theory of Heterogeneous Condensed Combustion.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1985/07//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 215
SN  - 00102202
AB  - The reaction rate of a heterogeneous, or diffusion-limited, reaction in a solid combustible mixture, sub seq uent to melting of one of the reactants, is proportional to exp[ - m(1- Y)](l- y)-n exp( - [etilde]/[ttilde]), where Y is the unreacted fraction and r is the temperature. We exploit the largeness of the activation energy Eto derive an asymptotic model for the propagation of a reaction front through such a mixture. The analysis parallels a similar study of homogeneous condensed combustion (Margolis, 1983), in which the reaction rate both before and after melting is proportional to Y exp( - [etilde]/[ttilde]). We derive formulas for the propagation speed of a steady planar reaction front, as well as present the asymptotic model for nonsteady, non planar combustion. This model is identical in form to that obtained from a special limiting case of the homogeneous problem. Thus, the well-known loss of stability of the stead y planar solution for sufficiently large values of a modified activation energy parameter, and the bifuraction to va rious pulsating and spinningmodes of propagation, is essentially unchanged from that predicted for homogeneous condensed combustion (Margolis et al.,1985). Con sequently, this nonsteady instability is attributable to the more highly nonlinear Arrhenius dependence on temperature for large activation energies, and is independent of the functional dependence of the reaction rate on Y. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75864419; Margolis, Stephen B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Applied Mathematics Division, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Issue Info: Jul1985, Vol. 43 Issue 3/4, p197; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208508947004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Batchelor, Donald B.1
T1  - The Technological Mentality: A Crucial Challenge to Education in the Arts and Sciences.
JO  - Design for Arts in Education
JF  - Design for Arts in Education
J1  - Design for Arts in Education
PY  - 1985/07//Jul/Aug85
Y1  - 1985/07//Jul/Aug85
VL  - 86
IS  - 6
CP  - 6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 7
EP  - 14
SN  - 07320973
AB  - The author reflects on the challenges technological thinking brings to education in the arts and sciences. He comments that there is no connection between the advance of technology and the creation of a context supporting either the arts themselves or the development of individual knowledge and skills in the art disciplines at levels equal with the technological advance. He suggests traditional challenges for teachers of arts disciplines to new levels of difficulty.
KW  - Art & technology
KW  - Technology in art
KW  - Art -- Study & teaching
KW  - Education
N1  - Accession Number: 33014118; Authors: Batchelor, Donald B. 1; Affiliations:  1: Plasma Physicist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Subject: Art & technology; Subject: Technology in art; Subject: Art -- Study & teaching; Subject: Education; Number of Pages: 8p; Record Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Ronald J.
AU  - Walsh, Ricahrd G.
T1  - Effect of Distance on the Preservation Value of Water Quality.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1985/08//
VL  - 61
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - The article aims to illustrate a procedure for estimating the effect of distance on the preservation value of environmental quality using the contingent valuation approach. The case considered is the potential degradation of water quality due to coal mining activity in the Flathead River drainage system, Montana. Flathead Lake is the largest freshwater body of water in the Western United States, with an average width of 6.5 miles and length of 28 miles. The North Fork of the Flathead River flows 58 miles from the Canadian border to the lake and forms the western boundary of Glacier National Park; the middle fork is 100 miles in length and forms the southern boundary of the park. The study area presently has high quality water suitable for fishing, boating, shoreline camping, sunbathing, and swimming. The analysis is based on data from a regional household survey of willingness to pay for water quality at the Flathead River and Lake area. Regression analysis provides a statistical estimate of the relationship between willingness to pay and distance to the study area. Total value is estimated by aggregating across households, where willingness to pay declines with distance.
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Coal mines & mining
KW  - Environmental degradation
KW  - Contingent valuation
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Flathead River (Mont.)
KW  - Montana
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 5358483; Sutherland, Ronald J. 1; Walsh, Ricahrd G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Economist, Los Alamos National laboratory, Colorado State University, fort Collins.; 2: Professor of Agricultural and natural Resource Economics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins.; Issue Info: Aug85, Vol. 61 Issue 3, p281; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Coal mines & mining; Thesaurus Term: Environmental degradation; Subject Term: Contingent valuation; Subject Term: Regression analysis; Subject: Flathead River (Mont.); Subject: Montana; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213113 Support Activities for Coal Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shugart, H. H.
AU  - Emanuel, W. R.
T1  - Carbon dioxide increase: the implications at the ecosystem level.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1985/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 386
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Possible effects of increased atmospheric concentrations of CO[sub2] on forest ecosystems are discussed and as an example a simulation case study using a set of mixed-age and mixed-species forest stand models is presented. The responses of the models to a simple scenario (uniform growth increase of all trees as a response to CO[sub2] enrichment) include increases in biomass that are considerably less than the increases in growth rate of the trees. These simulations and more general discussion of the possible effects of increased photosynthetic production identify the problem of scaling-up small time-scale and space-scale measurements of plant responses to CO[sub2] enrichment to the ecosystem level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecosystem management
KW  - Environmental management
KW  - Ecological disturbances
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - ecological effects
KW  - ecosystem
KW  - forests
KW  - models
KW  - simulation.
N1  - Accession Number: 11660728; Shugart, H. H. 1; Emanuel, W. R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, U.S.A.; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug85, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p381; Thesaurus Term: Ecosystem management; Thesaurus Term: Environmental management; Thesaurus Term: Ecological disturbances; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: forests; Author-Supplied Keyword: models; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep11660728
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quigg, Chris
T1  - The Particle Connection: The Most Exciting Scientific Chase Since DNA and the Double Helix (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/09//Sep/Oct85
VL  - 73
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 476
EP  - 477
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'The Particle Connection: The Most Extincting Scientific Chase Since DNA and the Double Helix,' by Christine Sutton.
KW  - Intermediate bosons
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Sutton, Christine
KW  - Particle Connection, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11197492; Quigg, Chris 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep/Oct85, Vol. 73 Issue 5, p476; Subject Term: Intermediate bosons; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Particle Connection, The (Book); People: Sutton, Christine; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newman, Michael J.
T1  - Stellar Nucleosynthesis (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/09//Sep/Oct85
VL  - 73
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 478
EP  - 478
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Stellar Nucleosynthesis,' edited by Cesare Chiosi and Alvio Renzini.
KW  - Nucleosynthesis
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Stellar Nucleosynthesis (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11197496; Newman, Michael J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep/Oct85, Vol. 73 Issue 5, p478; Subject Term: Nucleosynthesis; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Stellar Nucleosynthesis (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaper, H. G.
AU  - Matalon, M.
AU  - Leaf, G. K.
AU  - Matkowsky, B. J.
T1  - The Stability of Plane Flames Attached to a Flameholder.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1985/09//
VL  - 43
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
EP  - 286
SN  - 00102202
AB  - A model is derived from the full equations governing combustion, in which a flame, located near a flarneholder, is viewed as a three-dimensional surface of discontinuity in the flow field. Jump conditions for the fluid variables, as well as an expression for the flame speed, are obtained from an asymptotic analysis of the detailed structure of the flame. The model is applied to investigate the linear stability of steady plane flames in the presence of heat loss to the flameholder. Stable flames exist only if the inflow velocity is sufficiently lower than the adiabatic flame speed, and then only in a certain regime of the parameters: Lewis number, heat release, and heat loss. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75864446; Kaper, H. G. 1; Matalon, M. 2; Leaf, G. K. 1; Matkowsky, B. J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division. Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; 2: Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, The Technological Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston IL 60201; Issue Info: Sep1985, Vol. 43 Issue 5/6, p271; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208508947009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoyt, Harry C.
T1  - A Simple Ballistic-Missile-Defense Model to Help Decision Makers.
JO  - Interfaces
JF  - Interfaces
Y1  - 1985/09//Sep/Oct85
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 62
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00922102
AB  - This article discusses a model of ballistic-missile-defense (BMD) system in order to present the essential features of a situation or system to decision makers. Often a simple model is sufficient for presenting the essential features of a situation or system to decision makers. Information can be integrated to show the whole picture and to identify trade-offs that will dominate during system and component design. A simple model of a BMD system can be used in this way and can also be used as a straightforward introduction to the subject. The possibility that an effective BMD system might be feasible has raised hopes for an alternative to the nuclear strategy of balance of terror. Current BMD thinking is focused on a layered defense, a succession of independent systems that, working in sequence, reduce an enemy threat either to zero or to a very small fraction of what it was initially. A substantial research and development program is being proposed to determine the feasibility of this type of defense.
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - FEASIBILITY studies
KW  - BALLISTIC missile defenses
KW  - STRATEGIC Defense Initiative
KW  - CRITICAL thinking
KW  - THREAT (Psychology)
N1  - Accession Number: 6688046; Hoyt, Harry C. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California Los Alamos National Laboratory,  Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544.; Issue Info: Sep/Oct85, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p54; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: FEASIBILITY studies; Subject Term: BALLISTIC missile defenses; Subject Term: STRATEGIC Defense Initiative; Subject Term: CRITICAL thinking; Subject Term: THREAT (Psychology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elser, James J.
AU  - Kimmel, Bruce L.
T1  - PHOTOINHIBITION OF TEMPERATE LAKE PHYTOPLANKTON BY NEAR-SURFACE IRRADIANCE: EVIDENCE FROM VERTICAL PROFILES AND FIELD EXPERIMENTS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1985/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 427
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - To evaluate the in situ occurrence of phytoplankton photinhibition, the light-mediated depression of chlorophyll in vivio fluorescence (IVF) and of the cellular fluorescence capacity (CFC) of phytoplankton was determined in three southeastern United States reservoirs. Vertical profiles of a fluorescence depression index (FDI) and of the CFC for reservoir phytoplankton showed that nearsurface photoinhibition of fluorescence properties occurred in association with high surface irradiance and weak vertical mixing of the water column. To charcterize the time scales of photochemical and photosynthetic responses to and recovery from exposure to supraoptimal light intensity, phytoplankton IVF responses and ???C-fixation rates were measured in field experiments. Phytoplankton chlorophyll IVF, CFC, and photosynthetic [SUP14]C-fixation were rapidly (20-40 mm) depressesd when reservoir phytoplankton were exposed to surface irradiances (1700-2000 μE m[SUP-2],s[SUP-1]) Light-mediated increases in the FDI declined rapidly (20-40 min) to pre-exposure levels during a subsequent lo-light (75-200 μE m[SUP-2],s[SUP-1]) period, but CFC and [SUP14]C fixation recovered more slowly (>40 min). Exposure of reservoir phytoplankton to a light-intensity gradient revealed both intensity and time thresholds for IVF and CFC depression. Phytplankton photochemical responses to bright light operate on time scales that, in conjuction with vertical mixing, should limit the occurrence of photoinhibition of phytoplankton productivity occurs less commonly than is indicated by fixed-depth incubation measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Plants
KW  - Lakes
KW  - Field work (Research)
KW  - Plants -- Photoinhibition
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Spectral irradiance
KW  - fluorescence depression
KW  - photoinhibition
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - phytoplankton
KW  - temperate lakes
KW  - vertical mixing.
N1  - Accession Number: 11355586; Elser, James J. 1; Kimmel, Bruce L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Graduate Program in Ecology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Sep85, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p419; Thesaurus Term: Phytoplankton; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Lakes; Thesaurus Term: Field work (Research); Subject Term: Plants -- Photoinhibition; Subject Term: Fluorescence; Subject Term: Spectral irradiance; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence depression; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoinhibition; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoplankton; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperate lakes; Author-Supplied Keyword: vertical mixing.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11355586
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Okada, Robert
AU  - Knapp, Furn
AU  - Goodman, Mark
AU  - Elmaleh, David
AU  - William Strauss, H.
T1  - Tellurium-labeled fatty-acid analogs: Relationship of heteroatom position to myocardial kinetics.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1985/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 156
EP  - 161
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143006; Okada, Robert 1; Knapp, Furn 2; Goodman, Mark 2; Elmaleh, David 3; William Strauss, H. 3; Source Information: Oct1985, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p156; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00251366
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cohn, Stanton H.
T1  - How valid are bioelectric impedance measurements in body composition studies.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Y1  - 1985/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 889
EP  - 890
SN  - 00029165
AB  - The article examines the parameters involved in the measurement of body composition using bioelectric impedance (BI) instrumentation. Topics discussed include relationship between the whole-body impedance and total body water (TBW), average prediction error, and correlation of ionic mass. Dielectric properties of biological tissue is also discussed.
KW  - Body composition
KW  - Bioelectric impedance -- Measurement
KW  - Body mass index
KW  - Water in the body
KW  - Dielectric properties
N1  - Accession Number: 90624274; Cohn, Stanton H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY; Issue Info: Nov1985, Vol. 42 Issue 5, p889; Thesaurus Term: Body composition; Subject Term: Bioelectric impedance -- Measurement; Subject Term: Body mass index; Subject Term: Water in the body; Subject Term: Dielectric properties; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lederman, Leon M.
T1  - Star Wars and Soviet technological lag.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1985/11//
VL  - 41
IS  - 10
M3  - Letter
SP  - 54
EP  - 54
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Comments on the lag in technological innovations in the Soviet Union.
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Soviet Union
N1  - Accession Number: 11022872; Lederman, Leon M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, IL; Issue Info: Nov1985, Vol. 41 Issue 10, p54; Subject Term: Technological innovations; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject: Soviet Union; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BRANDEIS, JULIUS
T1  - Effect Of Obstacles On Flames.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1985/11//
VL  - 44
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
EP  - 73
SN  - 00102202
AB  - The effect of distributed obstacles on flame propagation in gaseous media is studied numerically using a two-dimensional combustion hydrodynamic model. The method is applied to the problem of deflagration underneath a column-supported storage tank, idealized by a horizontal slice across the column array. Dimensions of the model problem are scaled down to expedite the computation. Numerical simulations confirms that distributed obstacles can accelerate a flame to many times its nominal speed. The results show that obstacles' cross-sectional area and separation distance are important factors in determining flame acceleration. The specific distribution of obstacles can also affect the speed of the flame, though not as much as the obstacles' size. The primary mechanism of flame acceleration in this study appears to be the aerodynamic effect due to obstruction of the flow. Also, the fastest moving flame branches are those propagating along line of-sight paths between the obstacles. The rate of flame propagation along each flame branch is controlled predominantly by the local flame and flow characteristics. The implication of these findings on the design of liquefied gaseous fuel (LGF) storage facilities are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75864518; BRANDEIS, JULIUS 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550; Issue Info: Nov1985, Vol. 44 Issue 1/2, p61; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208508960293
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Yi-Guo
AU  - Shiue, Chyng-Yann
AU  - Wolf, Alfred
AU  - Arnett, Carroll
T1  - Synthesis of 2-deoxy-2[Br]bromo- d-mannose and related compounds and their biodistributions in mice.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1985/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 252
EP  - 256
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143016; Zhou, Yi-Guo 1; Shiue, Chyng-Yann 1; Wolf, Alfred 1; Arnett, Carroll 1; Source Information: Nov1985, Vol. 11 Issue 6/7, p252; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00279079
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huston, M. A.
T1  - PATTERNS OF SPECIES DIVERSITY ON CORAL REEFS.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1985/12//
VL  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 177
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Evaluates alternative explanations of the apparently general pattern of diversity in relation to depth on coral reefs.  Focus on nonequilibrium mechanisms; Analysis of the central question;  Review on the published data on the major types of biotic and abiotic disturbances on reefs; Description of experiments that address the question.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Species diversity
KW  - Biodiversity
KW  - CLASSIFICATION
KW  - Coral reefs & islands
KW  - Coral reef biology
KW  - Biology
N1  - Accession Number: 11909642; Huston, M. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Issue Info: 1985, Vol. 16, p149; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Species diversity; Thesaurus Term: Biodiversity; Thesaurus Term: CLASSIFICATION; Thesaurus Term: Coral reefs & islands; Subject Term: Coral reef biology; Subject Term: Biology; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Liaw, Mary
T1  - Forked Lightning.
JO  - Weatherwise
JF  - Weatherwise
Y1  - 1985/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 294
EP  - 341
SN  - 00431672
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor commenting on an article appearing in the June 1985 issue of 'Weatherwise' regarding forked lightning.
KW  - Lightning
KW  - Atmospheric electricity
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 11390872; Liaw, Mary 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Dec85, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p294; Thesaurus Term: Lightning; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric electricity; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pisarski, Robert D.
T1  - Field Theory, the Renormalization Group, and Critical Phenomena (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1986/01//Jan/Feb86
VL  - 74
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 81
EP  - 82
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Field Theory, the Renormalization Group, and Critical Phenomena,' edited by Daniel J. Amit.
KW  - Field theory (Physics)
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Field Theory, the Renormalization Group & Critical Phenomena (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11232256; Pisarski, Robert D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois; Issue Info: Jan/Feb86, Vol. 74 Issue 1, p81; Subject Term: Field theory (Physics); Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Field Theory, the Renormalization Group & Critical Phenomena (Book); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R. Michael
T1  - Invertebrate-Microbial Interaction (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1986/01//Jan/Feb86
VL  - 74
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 86
EP  - 86
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Invertebrate-Microbial Interactions,' edited by J.M. Anderson, A.D.M. Rayner and D.W. H. Walton.
KW  - Invertebrates
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Invertebrate-Microbial Interactions (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11232271; Miller, R. Michael 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan/Feb86, Vol. 74 Issue 1, p86; Thesaurus Term: Invertebrates; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Invertebrate-Microbial Interactions (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HOLVE, D. J.
T1  - In Situ Measurements of Flyash Formation from Pulverized Coal†.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1986/01//
VL  - 44
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 288
SN  - 00102202
AB  - Optical methods for particle size distribution measurements in practical high temperature environments have achieved feasibility and offer significant advantages over conventional sampling methods. The present paper describes a mobile electro-optical system which has been designed for general use in a wide range of research and industrial environments. The instrument has demonstrated capability for measuring individual particles in the size range 0.25-100 microns at number densities up to 1012/m3.- The system incorporates an in situ alignment procedure that is easy to set up and use in a wide variety of research and industrial environments. In addition to demonstration of the system's wide dynamic range, we show the utility of the in situ alignment method in hot (1100 K) turbulent flows where beam steering can be a problem. A major focus of the work described here is the application of the particle sizing technique to measurements of flyash formation in laboratory reactors. Number and mass frequency distribution measurements of flyash and pulverized coal obtained in a turbulent and a laminar flow reactor show that the raw pulverized coal contains large numbers of submicron particles similar to the flyash formed after combustion. These results suggest another source for much of the submicron flyash formed in pulverized combustion, with significant implications for control of fine particle emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76105536; HOLVE, D. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Division, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore; Issue Info: Jan1986, Vol. 44 Issue 5/6, p269; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208608960308
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keeney, Ralph L.
AU  - Lathrop, John F.
AU  - Sicherman, Alan
T1  - AN ANALYSIS OF BALTIMORE GAS AND ELECTRIC COMPANY'S TECHNOLOGY CHOICE.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1986/01//Jan/Feb86
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 39
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - The Baltimore Gas and Electric Company (BGE) must select a strategy for adding 600 megawatts of electric generating capacity at the Perryman site near Baltimore to come on-line the 1990s. This paper reports an analysis that evaluates strategies involving either a conventional coal facility or one of three technologies not currently available commercially. A key issue is whether the perceived advantages of the new technologies are worth the risks of not having, the generation capacity early enough to meet load growth. The analysis evaluates strategies using several BGE objectives, including customer cost, shareholder return, corporate image, health and safety, and feasibility. These objectives are combined by means of an evaluation function that uses corporate value tradeoffs elicited first from analysts in the Generation Planning Unit and then refined in interviews with five BGE senior executives. Uncertainties addressed in the analysis include load growth, time when a new technology becomes available, and construction and licensing delay. The analysis is partially based on preliminary input information, but designed tor iterative use incorporating better information. The computer for the model has been transferred to BGE to be used to provide insists into technology choice problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - MANAGEMENT science
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
KW  - BALTIMORE Gas & Electric Co.
N1  - Accession Number: 14644976; Keeney, Ralph L. 1; Lathrop, John F. 2; Sicherman, Alan 3; Affiliations: 1: University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; 2: Strategic Insights, Cupertino, California; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Issue Info: Jan/Feb86, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p18; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT science; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering ; Company/Entity: BALTIMORE Gas & Electric Co. DUNS Number: 006949713; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 12 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - Jour
AU  - Olshansky, S, J.
AU  - Ault, A, B.
TI  - The fourth stage of the epidemiologic transition: the age of delayed degenerative diseases.
JO  - The Milbank Quarterly
PY  - 1986/01/01/
Y1  - 1986///
Y2  - 1987///
VL  - 64
IS  - 3
SP  - 355
EP  - 391
AD  - Energy and Systems Environmental Div., Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill.
N1  - Accession Number: 15867. Hard Copy Issue: 2. Hard Copy Number: No. 636. Hard Copy Volume: 23. Document Type: Article
AB  - Gains in longevity in the United States since the mid-nineteenth century occurred as a result of an epidemiologic transition: Deaths from infectious diseases were replaced by deaths from degenerative diseases. Recent trends in cause-specific mortality suggest a distinct new stage, oneof postponement of degenerative diseases. The use of alternative mortality projection models has demonstrated that even small changes in assumptions can produce relatively large differences in projections of life expectancy. Projections based on these data must be applied cautiously; theirimplication for health and social policies are likely to be profound. (Journal abstract, edited.)    
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Disease
KW  - 3335
KW  - Health and Health Care
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - swh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - P., Steven
AU  - THOMAS, Musarra.
AU  - Fletcher, H.
AU  - Niksa, Stephen
AU  - A., Harry
T1  - Heat and Mass Transfer in the Vicinity of a Devolatilizing Coal Particle.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1986/03//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 307
SN  - 00102202
AB  - A computer model has been developed to describe heat and mass transfer in the vicinity of a single reacting coal particle entrained in a laminar gas stream. The model describes the various processes that occur during devolatilization and combustion in the boundary layer between the particle surface and the bulk gas stream. Global reaction rates are used in the gas phase, with light and heavy volatiles represented by methane and benzene. Although the model was developed for a two-dimensional treatment. one-dimensional simulations are shown to yield meaningful results at low particle Reynolds numbers. Simulations indicate that the region of homogeneous volatiles combustion may extend for several particle diameters, implying that flame sheet approximations are not applicable during devolatilization. Parametric studies indicate that particle heating is dominated by homogeneous volatiles combustion for large particles and by heterogeneous reaction for small particles. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76105545; P., Steven 1; THOMAS, Musarra. 1; Fletcher, H. 1; Niksa, Stephen 1; A., Harry 1; Affiliations: 1: Dwyer Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 94550; Issue Info: Mar1986, Vol. 45 Issue 5/6, p289; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208608923858
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Owen, Elizabeth M.
AU  - Santucci, Karen A.
T1  - COMPARISON OF YIELDS OF SEVERAL CULTIVARS OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAINFALLS.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1986/03//
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
EP  - 417
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Rainfall acidity response functions for crop yield and growth are necessary to predict the overall impacts on crop yields of ambient and/or anticipated levels of acidic rain. The experiment described herein was performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory to determine the effects of simulated rainfalls of pH 5.6, 4.4, 4.1 and 3.3 on seed yields of four cultivars of field grown soybeans. (Glycine max Merrill). Soybeans were chosen because previous results suggested that certain varieties of this crop are sensitive to rainfall acidity and because they are an economically important crop in the United States. Sixteen plots per treatment were used. Plants were grown using standard agronomic practices under automatically moveable rainfall exclusion shelters which minimized changes in the plants' microclimate. Soybeans of cv. Amsoy shielded from ambient rainfalls and exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 4.4, 4.1 and 3.3 exhibited yields that were 11'5, 10'4 and 11-7 %, respectively, below those of plants exposed to rain of pH 5.6. The comparable figures for other cultivars were as follows: Asgrow 3127-14.5, 12-2 and 9.0% ; Corsoy-13.7, 12.7 and 7.8 %; Hobbit - 9.2, 6.2 and 16.6 %. Most of the observed decreases in seed mass per plant and per unit area for these four cultivars appear to have resulted from a corresponding decrease in pod number per plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Crop yields
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Forage plants
KW  - Acidic rain
KW  - dose-response functions
KW  - glycine max.
KW  - seed yields
KW  - soybeans
N1  - Accession Number: 11921730; Evans, Lance S. 1,2; Lewin, Keith F. 1; Owen, Elizabeth M. 2; Santucci, Karen A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.; 2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York 10471, USA.; Issue Info: Mar1986, Vol. 102 Issue 3, p409; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Seeds; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Crop yields; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Forage plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidic rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose-response functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: glycine max.; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: soybeans; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418320 Seed merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411190 Other farm product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BAME, S. J.
AU  - ANDERSON, R. C.
AU  - ASBRIDGE, J. R.
AU  - BAKER, D. N.
AU  - FELDMAN, W. C.
AU  - FUSELIER, S. A.
AU  - GOSLING, J. T.
AU  - MCCOMAS, D. J.
AU  - THOMSEN, M. F.
AU  - YOUNG, D. T.
AU  - ZWICKL, R. D.
T1  - Comet Giacobini-Zinner: Plasma Description.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1986/04/18/
VL  - 232
IS  - 4748
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
EP  - 361
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A strong interaction between the solar wind and comet Giacobini-Zinner was observed oh 11 September 1985 with the Los Alamos plasma electron experiment on the International Cometary Explorer (ICE) spacecraft. As ICE approached an intercept point 7800 kilometers behind the nucleus from the south and receded to the north, upstream phenomena due to the comet were observed. Periods of enhanced electron heat flux from the comet as well as almost continuous electron density fluctuations were measured. These effects are related to the strong electron heating observed in the cometary interaction region and to cometary ion pickup by the solar wind, respectively. No evidence for a conventional bow shock was found as ICE entered and exited the regions of strongest interaction of the solar wind with the cometary environment. The outer extent of this strong interaction zone was a transition region in which the solar wind plasma was heated, compressed, and slowed. Inside the inner boundary of the transition region was a sheath that enclosed a cold intermediate coma. In the transition region and sheath, small-scale enhancements in density were observed. These density spikes may be due to an instability associated with cometary ion pickup or to the passage of ICE through cometary ray structures. In the center of the cold intermediate coma a narrow, high-density core of plasma, presumably the developing plasma tail was found. In some ways this tail can be compared to the plasma sheet in Earth's magnetotail and to the current sheet in the tail at Venus. This type of configuration is expected in the double-lobe magnetic topology detected at the comet, possibly caused by the theoretically expected draping of the interplanetary magnetic field around its ionosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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N1  - Accession Number: 87436696; BAME, S. J. 1; ANDERSON, R. C. 1; ASBRIDGE, J. R. 1; BAKER, D. N. 1; FELDMAN, W. C. 1; FUSELIER, S. A. 1; GOSLING, J. T. 1; MCCOMAS, D. J. 1; THOMSEN, M. F. 1; YOUNG, D. T. 1; ZWICKL, R. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Califomnia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Issue Info: 4/18/1986, Vol. 232 Issue 4748, p356; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KAPER., HANS G.
AU  - LEAF, GARY K.
AU  - MATKOWSKY, B. J.
T1  - On the Stability of the Porous Plug Burner Flame.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1986/05//
VL  - 47
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 101
SN  - 00102202
AB  - The results of a linear stability analysis of a stationary premixed plane flame attached to a porous plug burner are presented. A dispersion relation derived by Buckmaster (1983) is used to define the neutral stability curve in the wave number vs. Lewis number plane. The nature of this curve is analyzed as the characteristic parameters of the burner and the standoff distance of the flame are varied. It is shown that the neutral stability curve may have multiple branches where pulsating flames become unstable. Depending on the parameter values, the burner may have a stabilizing or destabilizing effect. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75864701; KAPER., HANS G. 1; LEAF, GARY K. 1; MATKOWSKY, B. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division. Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Il, 60439; Issue Info: May1986, Vol. 47 Issue 1/2, p93; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208608923867
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lederer, Hermann
AU  - May, Roland P.
AU  - Kjems, Joergen K.
AU  - Schaefer, Wolfram
AU  - Crespi, Henry L.
AU  - Heumann, Hermann
T1  - Deuterium incorporation into Escherichia coli proteins: A neutron-scattering study of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1986/05/02/
VL  - 156
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 655
EP  - 659
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Neutron small-angle scattering studies of single protein subunits in a protein-DNA complex require the adjustment of the neutron scattering-length densities of protein and DNA, which is attainable by specific deuteration of the protein. The neutron scattering densities of unlabelled DNA and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli match when RNA polymerase is isolated from cells grown in a medium containing 46% D2O and unlabelled glucose as carbon source. Their contrasts vanish simultaneously in a dialysis buffer containing 65% D2O. An expression was evaluated which allows the calculation of the degree of deuteration and match point of any E. coli protein from the D2O content of the growth medium, taking the ²H incorporation into RNA polymerase amino acids to be representative for all amino acids in E. coli proteins. The small-angle scattering results, on which the calculation of the degree of deuteration is based, were confirmed by mass spectrometric measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - PROTEINS -- Analysis
KW  - DNA synthesis
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 23471301; Lederer, Hermann 1; May, Roland P. 2; Kjems, Joergen K. 3; Schaefer, Wolfram 1; Crespi, Henry L. 4; Heumann, Hermann 1; Source Information: 5/2/86, Vol. 156 Issue 3, p655; Subject: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject: PROTEINS -- Analysis; Subject: DNA synthesis; Subject: RNA polymerases; Subject: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - POSTMA, HERMAN
T1  - Federal Research Funding: Open Competition.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1986/05/02/
VL  - 232
IS  - 4750
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
EP  - 563
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87437258; POSTMA, HERMAN 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: 5/2/1986, Vol. 232 Issue 4750, p563; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tobin, R. L.
AU  - Friesz, T. L.
T1  - SPATIAL COMPETITION FACILITY LOCATION MODELS: DEFINITION, FORMULATION AND SOLUTION APPROACH.
JO  - Annals of Operations Research
JF  - Annals of Operations Research
Y1  - 1986/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 74
SN  - 02545330
AB  - Models are presented for locating a firm's production facilities and determining production levels at these facilities so as to maximize the firm's profit. These models take into account the changes in price at each of the spatially separated markets that would result from the increase in supply provided by the new facilities and also from the response of competing firms. Two different models of spatial competition are presented to represent the competitive market situation in which the firm's production facilities are being located. These models are formulated as variational inequalities; recent sensitivity analysis results for variational inequalities are used to develop derivatives of the prices at each of the spatially separated markets with respect to the production levels at each of the new facilities. These derivatives are used to develop a linear approximation of the implicit function relating prices to productions. A heuristic solution procedure making use of this approximation is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Operations Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUSTRIAL sites
KW  - LOCATION analysis
KW  - FACILITY management
KW  - INDUSTRIAL location
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - COMPETITION
KW  - VARIATIONAL inequalities (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 18642089; Tobin, R. L. 1; Friesz, T. L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; 2: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; Issue Info: 1986, Vol. 6 Issue 1-4, p49; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL sites; Thesaurus Term: LOCATION analysis; Thesaurus Term: FACILITY management; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL location; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: COMPETITION; Subject Term: VARIATIONAL inequalities (Mathematics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 531120 Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AU  - Krummel, John R.
T1  - Location Theory of the Nonhuman Sector.
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 1986/06//
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 189
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - The Thünen model is adapted in direct and inverse forms to analyze animal populations and their spatial structures for the cases of single point and uniform locations of food. The model emphasizes competition for territory rather than direct competition for food, with intraspecific territorial competition increasing with population density. One among a number of theoretical results is that increased availability of food increases competition costs, and there is a symmetric effect for decreases, offering a dampening or cushioning effect on population changes in response to certain environmental changes. The approach offers a simple unification of population-territory and population-population interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of the Association of American Geographers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Animals -- Population biology
KW  - Competition (Biology)
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Food
KW  - Theory
KW  - Change
KW  - animal populations
KW  - competition
KW  - food resources
KW  - location theory
KW  - territoriality
KW  - Thünen model.
N1  - Accession Number: 12968710; Jones, Donald W. 1; Krummel, John R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: Jun86, Vol. 76 Issue 2, p175; Thesaurus Term: Animals -- Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Competition (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Food; Subject Term: Theory; Subject Term: Change; Author-Supplied Keyword: animal populations; Author-Supplied Keyword: competition; Author-Supplied Keyword: food resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: location theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: territoriality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thünen model.; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hardin, Garrett
AU  - Barnthouse, Lawrence W.
T1  - Theory and practice of environmental impact assessment.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1986/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 389
EP  - 390
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Ecology, Impact Assessment, and Environmental Planning," by Walter E. Westman.
KW  - Ecological assessment (Biology)
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Westman, Walter
KW  - Ecology, Impact Assessment & Environmental Planning (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10106277; Hardin, Garrett; Barnthouse, Lawrence W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: Jun86, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p389; Thesaurus Term: Ecological assessment (Biology); Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Ecology, Impact Assessment & Environmental Planning (Book); People: Westman, Walter; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1017
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyers, Eric
T1  - An Introduction to Kaluza-Klein Theories (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1986/07//Jul/Aug86
VL  - 74
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 424
EP  - 425
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'An Introduction to Kaluza-Klein Theories,' edited by H.C. Lee.
KW  - Kaluza-Klein theories
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Introduction to Kaluza-Klein Theories, An (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11386271; Meyers, Eric 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jul/Aug86, Vol. 74 Issue 4, p424; Subject Term: Kaluza-Klein theories; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Introduction to Kaluza-Klein Theories, An (Book); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - FLOWER, W. L.
T1  - The Effect of Elevated Pressure on the Rate of Soot Production in Laminar Diffusion Flames.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1986/07//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 43
SN  - 00102202
AB  - In this paper, measurements of the axial and transverse components of velocity in two-dimensional, sooting laminar diffusion flames are presented. Laser-Doppler anemometry was used to obtain these measurements in flames which, except for the addition of alumina seed particles, were identical to 1- and 2-atmosphere flames for which comprehensive measurements of the soot volume fraction, particle size, and number density, as well as temperature, have been reported previously. The combination of the velocity results with the previous set of measurements allows us to determine the local volumetric rate of soot production, which is observed to increase with pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76105550; FLOWER, W. L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, 94550; Issue Info: Jul1986, Vol. 48 Issue 1/2, p31; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208608923882
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CATTOLICA, R. J.
AU  - VOSEN, S. R.
T1  - Two-Dimensional Fluorescence Imaging of a Flame-Vortex Interaction.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1986/07//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 87
SN  - 00102202
AB  - The interaction of a methane-air flame with a vortex-ring structure was observed by means of quantitative imaging of the OH concentration using laser-induced fluorescence. The vortex-ring in the experiment was formed by an impulsive jet of gas exiting a thin-plate circular orifice separating a small cylindrical prechamber from the main combustion vessel. This impulsive jet was driven by a spark-ignited flame which propagates through the prechamber. The flame which exits the prechamber orifice follows in the wake of the vortex structure, and eventually overtakes it. A planar sheet of uv laser light from a Nd: YAG-pumped dye laser was used to excite fluorescence in the OH molecules produced by the flame. A two-dimensional image of the OH fluorescence was obtained with a gated image-intensified vidicon camera. The two-dimensional imaging results show the effect on the OH concentration distribution of fluid mechanic features of the vortex-ring structure: a wake flow with a shear layer, a stagnation-point flow, and a vortex core with a high rotational velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76105553; CATTOLICA, R. J. 1; VOSEN, S. R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 94550; Issue Info: Jul1986, Vol. 48 Issue 1/2, p77; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208608923885
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Schriesheim, Alan
T1  - Energy Research: THE SEERSUCKER THEORY.
JO  - Vital Speeches of the Day
JF  - Vital Speeches of the Day
Y1  - 1986/07//7/1/86
VL  - 52
IS  - 18
M3  - Speech
SP  - 555
EP  - 558
PB  - Pro Rhetoric, LLC
SN  - 0042742X
AB  - Presents a speech by Alan Schriesheim, director of Argonne National Laboratory, delivered at the American Power Conference in Chicago, Illinois on April 14, 1986.  Information on the Seersucker Theory on forecasting; Significance of an energy research on the economy of the U.S.; Reason for developing energy technologies.
KW  - PREDICTION theory
KW  - ENERGY research
KW  - ENERGY development
KW  - SCHRIESHEIM, Alan
N1  - Accession Number: 8600004900; Schriesheim, Alan 1; Affiliations: 1: Director, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: 7/1/86, Vol. 52 Issue 18, p555; Subject Term: PREDICTION theory; Subject Term: ENERGY research; Subject Term: ENERGY development; People: SCHRIESHEIM, Alan; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Speech
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Sarrantonio, Mary J.
AU  - Owen, Elizabeth M.
T1  - PROTEIN CONTENTS OF SEED YIELDS OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN: ASSESSMENT OF THE SENSITIVITIES OF FOUR CULTIVARS AND EFFECTS OF DURATION OF SIMULATED RAINFALL.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1986/08//
VL  - 103
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 689
EP  - 693
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Analyses of seeds harvested from field-grown soybeans (Glycine max Merrill) demonstrated that simulated acidic rainfalls can significantly decrease total protein contents. In an experiment conducted in 1983, seed yields of plants exposed twice weekly to long duration rainfalls showed no significant differences in seed protein contents among the acidity levels tested. In contrast, significant differences in protein contents were found for seed samples from the short duration, daily rainfalls. Seeds of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 5.6 had average protein contents of 37'9% compared with a range between 30'6 and 32.1% from plants exposed to lower pH values. Overall the protein contents of seeds of acidic rainfall treatments, expressed on a per plant basis, ranged from 23 to 34%. The results suggest that the response of soybean seed yields to acidity are affected by duration and frequency of simulated rainfalls. In the 1984 growing season, four commercial cultivars were tested under conditions of longer duration rainfalls, applied twice weekly. Significant treatment effects occurred only to the Amsoy cultivar and not to Asgrow, Corsoy or Hobbit. For the latter three cultivars the protein contents of samples were all relatively high (means were all between 35 and 39 %). The relatively low protein content of Amsoy soybeans exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 2.7 was apparently responsible for the statistical significance among treatments. These and previous results demonstrate that rainfall acidity can significantly affect protein contents of seeds of field-grown soybeans and that effects on protein content are independent of changes in plant seed yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Crops
KW  - Seed proteins
KW  - Plant proteins
KW  - acidic precipitation
KW  - field-grown soybeans
KW  - Glycine max.
N1  - Accession Number: 11921258; Evans, Lance S. 1,2; Sarrantonio, Mary J. 1; Owen, Elizabeth M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, Bronx, New York 10471, USA.; 2: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Issue Info: Aug86, Vol. 103 Issue 4, p689; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Seeds; Thesaurus Term: Crops; Subject Term: Seed proteins; Subject Term: Plant proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: acidic precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: field-grown soybeans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycine max.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418320 Seed merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411190 Other farm product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnston Jr., J. William
AU  - Shriner, D. S.
T1  - YIELD RESPONSE OF DAVIS SOYBEANS TO SIMULATED ACID RAIN AND GASEOUS POLLUTANTS IN THE FIELD.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1986/08//
VL  - 103
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 695
EP  - 707
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The yield response of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Davis) to simulated acid rain in the presence of ambient or less-than-ambient levels of gaseous pollution was determined in the field. Open-top chambers were used to alter the levels of gaseous pollutants. An automatic rain simulation system was used to exclude ambient rain and apply rain simulants during natural rain events. These simulations mimicked natural rain events with respect to volume, duration, intensity and frequency. In addition, the intervals between simulated and natural rain events were the same, and therefore many of the potential experimental artifacts associated with scheduled rain simulant applications in earlier research were avoided. Variables measured in the experiment included seed, oil, and protein yield, stem weight, numbers of pods and seeds, and weight per seed. There were no statistically significant rain or chamber treatment effects on the measured variables except for weight per seed and protein yield. The presence of open-top chambers, when compared with plots without chambers, caused yield variables to be reduced 15 to 20%. There was no evidence to suggest that the response to rain acidity was affected by exposure to ambient or less-than-ambient levels of gaseous pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Crop yields
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Plant proteins
KW  - Glycine max
KW  - open-top chamber.
KW  - ozone
KW  - soybean
KW  - yield
N1  - Accession Number: 11921461; Johnston Jr., J. William 1; Shriner, D. S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.; Issue Info: Aug86, Vol. 103 Issue 4, p695; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Crop yields; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Plant proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycine max; Author-Supplied Keyword: open-top chamber.; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: soybean; Author-Supplied Keyword: yield; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Ambrose, K.
AU  - Goodman, M.
T1  - New radioiodinated methyl-branched fatty acids for cardiac studies.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1986/08/02/Aug1986 Supplement
VL  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - S39
EP  - S44
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154074; Knapp, F. 1; Ambrose, K. 1; Goodman, M. 1; Source Information: Aug1986 Supplement, Vol. 12, pS39; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00258103
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dudczak, R.
AU  - Schmoliner, R.
AU  - Angelberger, P.
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Goodman, M.
T1  - Structurally modified fatty acids: Clinical potential as tracers of metabolism.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1986/08/02/Aug1986 Supplement
VL  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - S45
EP  - S48
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154073; Dudczak, R. 1; Schmoliner, R. 1; Angelberger, P. 2; Knapp, F. 3; Goodman, M. 3; Source Information: Aug1986 Supplement, Vol. 12, pS45; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00258104
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prueitt, Melvin L.
T1  - 
JO  - Futurist
JF  - Futurist
J1  - Futurist
PY  - 1986/09//Sep/Oct86
Y1  - 1986/09//Sep/Oct86
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 60
SN  - 00163317
AB  - Focuses on the impact of nuclear weapons on the future of the U.S.  Increase in the risk of obliteration; Damages due to war; Military budget.
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - WAR
KW  - BUDGET
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12548988; Source Information: Sep/Oct86, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p60; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: WAR; Subject Term: BUDGET; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 1p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garfinkel, R. S.
AU  - Kunnathur, A. S.
AU  - Uepins, G. E.
T1  - OPTIMAL IMPUTATION OF ERRONEOUS DATA: CATEGORICAL DATA, GENERAL EDITS.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1986/09//Sep/Oct86
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 744
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - Responses to surveys often contain large amounts of incorrect information. One option for dealing with the problem is to revise those erroneous responses that can be detected. Fellegi and Holt developed a model in which a response is modified to pass a set of edits with as little change as possible. The model is called Minimum Weighted Fields to Impute (MWFI) and is NP-hard for categorical data and general edits. We develop two algorithms for MWFI, based on set covering, and present computational experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERROR analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - ARITHMETIC -- Foundations
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 4480789; Garfinkel, R. S. 1; Kunnathur, A. S. 2; Uepins, G. E. 3; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.; 2: University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio.; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Sep/Oct86, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p744; Thesaurus Term: ERROR analysis (Mathematics); Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: ARITHMETIC -- Foundations; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Rittenberg, A
AU  - Levine, B
AU  - Trippe, T
AU  - Wohl, C
T1  - User's guide to particle physics computer-searchable database on the SLAC-SPIRES system
JO  - Report No: DE87003634/HCW
JF  - Report No: DE87003634/HCW
Y1  - 1986/09//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - This report discusses five computer-searchable databases located at SLAC which are of interest to particle physicists. These databases assist the user in literature-searching, provide numerical data extracted from papers, and contain information about experiments. The authors describe the database briefly, tell how to use the SPIRES database management system to access them interactively, and give several examples of their use. (ERA citation 12:010174)
KW  - DATABASE management
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - INTERACTIVE computer systems
KW  - Online systems
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2202293; Rittenberg, A 1; Levine, B; Trippe, T; Wohl, C; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA;  Source Info: Sep 1986; Note: Update Code: 2200; Subject Term: DATABASE management; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: INTERACTIVE computer systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Online systems; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heckrotte, Warren
T1  - A Soviet view of verification. (cover story)
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1986/10//
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 15
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Describes the perspectives of the Soviet Union on the verification of compliance with arms control treaties, presented in the book of Roland Timerbaev titled 'Kontrol'za ogranicheniyem vooruzheniy i razoruzheniyem.'  Ideological principles of Timerbaev; Comparison of the verification of compliance between the U.S. and the Soviet Union; Three different situations that could apply for on-site inspections.
KW  - Arms control
KW  - Military policy
KW  - Soviet Union
KW  - Influences of Other Nations on National Decisions
KW  - USSR and U.S.
KW  - Timerbaev, Roland
KW  - Kontrol'za ogranicheniyem vooruzheniy i razoruzheniyem (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11077650; Heckrotte, Warren 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Oct1986, Vol. 42 Issue 8, p12; Subject Term: Arms control; Subject Term: Military policy; Subject: Soviet Union; Author-Supplied Keyword: Influences of Other Nations on National Decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: USSR and U.S.; Reviews & Products: Kontrol'za ogranicheniyem vooruzheniy i razoruzheniyem (Book); People: Timerbaev, Roland; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BY GERALD E. MARSH; Gerald E. Marsh, who works in the Office of Arms Control
AU  - Defense Sciences at Argonne National Laboratory, is co-author of ''Born Secret: The H-Bomb, the Progressive Case
AU  - National Security.''
T1  - 
JO  - New York Times Book Review
JF  - New York Times Book Review
J1  - New York Times Book Review
PY  - 1986/10/05/
Y1  - 1986/10/05/
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
SN  - 00287806
N1  - Accession Number: 31017990; Source Information: 10/5/1986, p42; Number of Pages: 0p; ; Document Type: Article; ; Full Text Word Count: 640; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - n5h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Emery, V.J.
T1  - Polymers, Liquid Crystals, and Low-Dimensional Solids (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1986/11//Nov/Dec86
VL  - 74
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 666
EP  - 666
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Polymers, Liquid Crystals, and Low-Dimensional Solids," edited by Morman March and Marco Tosi.
KW  - Liquid crystals
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - March, Norman
KW  - Tosi, Marco
KW  - Polymers, Liquid Crystals & Low-Dimensional Solids (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12387553; Emery, V.J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: Nov/Dec86, Vol. 74 Issue 6, p666; Subject Term: Liquid crystals; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Polymers, Liquid Crystals & Low-Dimensional Solids (Book); People: March, Norman; People: Tosi, Marco; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane K.
T1  - GENETICS IN CHINESE HAMSTER CELLS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1986/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 680
EP  - 682
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Molecular Cell Genetics," edited by M.M. Gottesman.
KW  - Molecular genetics
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Molecular Cell Genetics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10113736; Setlow, Jane K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Nov86, Vol. 36 Issue 10, p680; Subject Term: Molecular genetics; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Molecular Cell Genetics (Book); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1613
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Steinberg, Meyer
T1  - Safe reactors.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1986/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 56
EP  - 57
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor published in the November 1986 issue of the 'Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,' which comments on Alvin Weinberg's article on the safety of nuclear reactors.
KW  - Nuclear reactors
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Weinberg, Alvin
N1  - Accession Number: 11079542; Steinberg, Meyer 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: Nov1986, Vol. 42 Issue 9, p56; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactors; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; People: Weinberg, Alvin; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Lormand, Robert1
T1  - ASIDIC Meeting Explores Post Processing Options.
JO  - Information Today
JF  - Information Today
J1  - Information Today
PY  - 1986/11//
Y1  - 1986/11//
VL  - 3
IS  - 10
CP  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
SN  - 87556286
AB  - This article reports on the Association for Information and Dissemination Centers fall meeting, held at the Doral Inn in New York City from September 14 to 16, 1986. The topic of the meeting was Beyond Online Retrieval: Value-Added Post Processing. Approximately 60 attendees heard a number of system developers describe their post-processing activities. It was apparent from the number of new products discussed at the conference that post processing is seen as a potentially profitable activity by a growing number of companies. Whether it is integrating in-house generated information with online search results, or using desktop publishing software to enhance the results of database searching, post processing is becoming an important part of many organizations' daily operations.
KW  - Associations, institutions, etc.
KW  - Information storage & retrieval systems
KW  - Information processing
KW  - Meetings
KW  - New York (N.Y.)
N1  - Accession Number: 18677101; Authors: Lormand, Robert 1; Affiliations:  1: Technical information specialist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Subject: Meetings; Subject: Associations, institutions, etc.; Subject: Information storage & retrieval systems; Subject: Information processing; Subject: New York (N.Y.); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lls
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, T. M.
AU  - Goodman, P. S.
T1  - THE EFFECT OF COMPETITION ON THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF ACACIA SAVANNAS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1986/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1031
EP  - 1044
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00220477
AB  - (1) The effect of competition on the structure and dynamics of Acacia nilotica and A. tortilis communities was examined, using nearest-neighbour analysis. There was a significant positive correlation between nearest-neighbour distance and combined canopy cover for both within- and between-species comparisons, illustrating the importance of competition in the spacing of trees. (2) To verify the findings of the nearest-neighbour analysis experimentally, the response to removal of neighbouring trees was examined for A. nilotica. Those trees whose neighbours within a 5 m radius were removed showed a significant increase in both stem diameter increment and shoot extension when compared with control trees. (3) Seedling establishment relative to canopy cover was examined in both A. nilotica and A. tortilis communities. Two 'types' of species were apparent: (i) seedling establishment associated with under-canopy environments, and (ii) seedling establishment restricted to open or between-canopy environments. (4) To examine the relationship between the spatial pattern of trees, soil moisture and nutrient availability, the slope of the regression between nearest-neighbour distance and combined canopy cover of the nearest-neighbour pair was compared with both available water capacity and total exchangeable bases for nine A. tortilis sites. There was a significant positive relationship between slope of the nearest-neighbour regression and both available water capacity and total exchangeable bases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acacia
KW  - Plant anatomy
KW  - Plant development
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Forest dynamics
KW  - Forest ecology
KW  - Vegetation dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 18733014; Smith, T. M. 1,2,3; Goodman, P. S. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, U.S.A; 2: Centre for Resource Ecology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; 3: Department of Environmental Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; 4: Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg, Natal, South Africa; Issue Info: Dec86, Vol. 74 Issue 4, p1031; Thesaurus Term: Acacia; Thesaurus Term: Plant anatomy; Thesaurus Term: Plant development; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Forest dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Forest ecology; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teotia, A. P. S.
AU  - Raju, P. S.
T1  - Forecasting the Market Penetration of New Technologies Using a Combination of Economic Cost and Diffusion Models.
JO  - Journal of Product Innovation Management
JF  - Journal of Product Innovation Management
Y1  - 1986/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 237
SN  - 07376782
AB  - <em>Forecasting market penetration is an essential step in the development, assessment, and commercialization of new technologies. Among the many forecasting approaches available are the economic cost model and the diffusion model. Separately, each of these approaches has been used in many applications of market penetration forecasting. In this article, A.P.S. Teotia and P. S. Raju briefly review these two approaches and then describe a methodology for forecasting market penetration using both of these approaches sequentially. They illustrate this approach with an example of market penetration forecasting for energy-efficient electric motors. A combination approach, which incorporates the strengths of two or snore approaches, may be superior in many instances to the use of any one approach alone.</em>  INSET: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Product Innovation Management is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECONOMIC forecasting
KW  - MARKETING strategy
KW  - MARKET share
KW  - COMMERCIAL products
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - ELECTRIC motors
N1  - Accession Number: 14166868; Teotia, A. P. S. 1; Raju, P. S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Economist in the Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory.; 2: Assistant Professor of Marketing, University of Illinois, Chicago.; Issue Info: Dec1986, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p225; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMIC forecasting; Thesaurus Term: MARKETING strategy; Thesaurus Term: MARKET share; Thesaurus Term: COMMERCIAL products; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: ELECTRIC motors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523140 Commodity Contracts Brokerage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523130 Commodity Contracts Dealing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cook, David R.
T1  - Dreaming of a White Christmas.
JO  - Weatherwise
JF  - Weatherwise
Y1  - 1986/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 310
SN  - 00431672
AB  - Assesses the chances for a snowfall during the Christmas season in various places in the United States.  National probabilities of a white Christmas; Extent of snow cover in 1985; Forecast that one-fifth of the United States will have snow during the 1986 Christmas season.
KW  - Snow
KW  - Winter
KW  - Christmas
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11585366; Cook, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric Physics Program, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Dec86, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p308; Thesaurus Term: Snow; Thesaurus Term: Winter; Subject Term: Christmas; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 5 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sessler, Andrew M.
AU  - Vaughan, Douglas
T1  - Free-Electron Lasers.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1987/01//Jan/Feb87
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 43
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Focuses on the development of the free-electron laser.  Principles of the free-electron laser; Basic mechanism by which energy is transferred from an electron beam to a beam of coherent radiation; Evolution of ways for producing synchrotron radiation; Linac-based free-electron laser oscillator experiments; Applications of free-electron lasers.
KW  - Free electron lasers
KW  - Energy transfer
KW  - Electron beams
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 11232334; Sessler, Andrew M. 1; Vaughan, Douglas 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory/Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 2: Accelerator and Fusion Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan/Feb87, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: Free electron lasers; Subject Term: Energy transfer; Subject Term: Electron beams; Subject Term: Synchrotron radiation; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 5 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marsh, Gerald
T1  - Skirting human error: the Navy's missile launch system.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1987/01//Jan/Feb1987
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 38
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Outlines the safeguards against human error in the U.S. Navy's missile launch system.  Alarm system activation; Separately maintained keys to complete the launch circuit; Requirement that the entire ship assume a 'launch position' in speed, depth and system line-ups; Trident missile launch sequence.
KW  - Ballistic missiles
KW  - Errors
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Navy
N1  - Accession Number: 11077288; Marsh, Gerald 1; Affiliations: 1: Office of Arms Control and Defense Sciences, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan/Feb1987, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p38; Subject Term: Ballistic missiles; Subject Term: Errors; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: United States. Navy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Theodore B.
T1  - Making Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence and Defense (Book).
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1987/01//Jan/Feb1987
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 54
EP  - 56
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reviews the book 'Making Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence and Defense,' by Gene Sharp.
KW  - National security
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Sharp, Gene
KW  - Making Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence & Defence (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11077294; Taylor, Theodore B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan/Feb1987, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p54; Subject Term: National security; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Making Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence & Defence (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; People: Sharp, Gene; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ambrose, Kathleen
AU  - Owen, Bruce
AU  - Goodman, Mark
AU  - Knapp, Furn
T1  - Evaluation of the metabolism in rat hearts of two new radioiodinated 3-methyl-branched fatty acid myocardial imaging agents.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1987/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 486
EP  - 491
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143195; Ambrose, Kathleen 1; Owen, Bruce 1; Goodman, Mark 1; Knapp, Furn 1; Source Information: Jan1987, Vol. 12 Issue 10, p486; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00620471
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Girill, T R
T1  - Philosophical aspects of full-text online databases
JO  - Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science
JF  - Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science
Y1  - 1987///
M3  - Conference Paper
SP  - 83
EP  - 84
AB  - Interactive online retrieval and display of full-text passages from computerized databases (whether the database subject is law, chemistry, or software documentation) raises well-known engineering issues. Among them are system economy and resource demands, search speed, and the revision rate of files. While undeniably important for practical success, these issues are not significantly different from the corresponding problems (warehousing and printing costs, subject indexing, and change-page distribution) of traditional technical publishing. Electronic publication in online databases, however, also poses challenging philosophical issues. These issues extend beyond system mechanics to the basic conceptual assumptions and distinctions that underlie online text delivery. Analysis of these underlying distinctions proves just as crucial as attention to engineering issues for properly assessing the adequacy of online publishing schemes, yet popular accounts often neglect them. This paper explores three of these conceptual distinctions: the tools-goals distinction, the actual-virtual (features) distinction, and, more elaborately, the layout-logical (structure) distinction. Proceeding Published by Learned Information, United States, 1987
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - ELECTRONIC publishing
KW  - Full text retrieval
KW  - Online systems
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2601545; Girill, T R 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA;  Source Info: 1987, p83; Note: Place of Publication: United States; Note: Publisher: Learned Information; Note: Update Code: 2600; Note: Conference Title: Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science; Note: Conference Location: Boston, MA; Note: Conference Dates: October 1987; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC publishing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Full text retrieval; Author-Supplied Keyword: Online systems; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Conference Paper
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Roseberry, L M
T1  - Fifty years in synthetic fuels information: have we lost a strategic national resource?
JO  - Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science
JF  - Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science
Y1  - 1987///
M3  - Conference Paper
SP  - 209
EP  - 212
SN  - 0938734199
AB  - The synthetic fuel industry is explored in this paper. The history is discussed. The need to keep technical information for the future is explored. Proceeding Published by Learned Information, Inc., United States, 1987
KW  - Energy data
KW  - Future
KW  - Historical aspects
KW  - Industry
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2301103; Roseberry, L M 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN;  Source Info: 1987, p209; Note: Place of Publication: United States; Note: Publisher: Learned Information, Inc.; Note: Update Code: 2300; Note: Conference Title: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science; Note: Conference Location: Boston, MA; Note: Conference Dates: October 4-8, 1987; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Future; Author-Supplied Keyword: Historical aspects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Industry; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Conference Paper
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Burton, H D
T1  - Virtual information systems and the production and use of meta-information
JO  - Proceedings of the National Online Meeting
JF  - Proceedings of the National Online Meeting
Y1  - 1987///
M3  - Conference Paper
SP  - 47
EP  - 47
SN  - 0938734172
AB  - This paper describes the origin, development and implementation of a virtual information system, which is a collection of resources and processing capabilities which are provided to a user but which are not actually contained within any single existing system. Examples of virtual information systems, such as gateways and front-ends to online information services, are discussed. Proceeding Published by Learned Information, Inc., United States, 1987
KW  - BIBLIOMETRICS
KW  - Information systems
KW  - Online retrieval
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2201937; Burton, H D 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA;  Source Info: 1987, p47; Note: Place of Publication: United States; Note: Publisher: Learned Information, Inc.; Note: Update Code: 2200; Note: Conference Title: Proceedings of the National Online Meeting; Note: Conference Location: New York, NY; Note: Conference Dates: May 5-7, 1987; Subject Term: BIBLIOMETRICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Online retrieval; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Conference Paper
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilbanks, Thomas J.
T1  - Lessons from the National Energy Planning Experience in Developing Countries.
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1987/01/02/1987 Special Issue
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 182
SN  - 01956574
AB  - The article discusses the lessons from the experience of setting national energy plans and offering technical aids to developing nations. It emphasizes the importance of proper decision making process and actions to the completion of energy planning. It says that focusing on high-priority issues which concern decisionmakers potentially increases the likelihood for the usefulness of national energy planning. The author stresses the need for reforms in institutional cultures in order to reverse the problems in energy planning.
KW  - Energy development
KW  - Planning
KW  - Technical assistance -- Developing countries
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Reforms
KW  - Developing countries
N1  - Accession Number: 45434031; Wilbanks, Thomas J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 1987 Special Issue, p169; Thesaurus Term: Energy development; Subject Term: Planning; Subject Term: Technical assistance -- Developing countries; Subject Term: Decision making; Subject Term: Reforms; Subject Term: Developing countries; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urban, Dean L.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Shugart, Jr., Herman H.
T1  - Landscape Ecology.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 127
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The study of landscape, its spatial patterns and how they develop, is a new discipline in the field of ecology, with emphasis on forested landscapes. The authors present a theory of landscape ecology that employs a hierarchical paradigm of pattern and behavior. Landscape ecology is motivated by a need to understand the development and dynamics of pattern in ecological phenomena. Landscapes develop as the components of pattern. The complexity of landscape pattern is organized such that the component events and patches occur at characteristic scales that are positively correlated in time and space. Vegetation patterns can be resolved on different scales. Hierarchy theory is concerned with systems that have a certain type of organized complexity. The authors constructed a four-level hierarchy to represent a forest. The authors consider man's influence on the characteristic scales of landscape phenomena.
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Ecology -- Study & teaching
KW  - Population biology
KW  - Fragmented landscapes
N1  - Accession Number: 8700006727; Urban, Dean L. 1; O'Neill, Robert V. 2; Shugart, Jr., Herman H. 3; Affiliations: 1: Research associate is the Corcoran Professor of Environmental Sciences in the Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903; 2: Corcoran Professor of Environmental Sciences in the Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903; 3: Senior research ecologist in the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: Feb1987, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p119; Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Ecology -- Study & teaching; Thesaurus Term: Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Fragmented landscapes; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 7141
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraft, R.
AU  - Bachmann, Marlies
AU  - Bachmann, K.
AU  - Buerki, H.
AU  - Hess, M. W.
AU  - Cottier, H.
AU  - Stoner, R. D.
T1  - Satisfactory primary tetanus antitoxin responses but markedly reduced germinal centre formation in first draining lymph nodes of ageing mice.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 67
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 453
SN  - 00099104
AB  - The present report deals with primary antibody responses to tetanus toxoid in 50-54-week-old ('ageing') as compared to 8-9-week-old ('young adult') mice. Antitoxin in the serum appeared 6 days earlier in the older than in the young animals, but in the latter reached 5 times higher titres on day 20. The magnitude of the proliferative response in the paracortex and the medulla of popliteal lymph nodes, as estimated by combined 3H-thymidine autoradiography and planimetry, was 3-7 limes greater in the younger than in the older age group, thus approximately reflecting the difference in antibody titres on day 20. In contrast, germinal centre formation in response to the stimulus proved to be about 14 times less in ageing than in young adult mice. The findings demonstrate that, in the model system used, the age-related slopes of decline in humoral antibody responsiveness and proliferative reactivity in paracortex and medulla of first regional lymph nodes tend lobe in parallel, while the ability of the immune apparatus to form germinal centres at this site deteriorates al a considerably faster pace. Results are also in line with the notion that centroblasts/centrocytes contribute little, if anything, to the ongoing antibody production elicited by the same stimulus which had triggered germinal centre formation. Finally, the observations made disprove the general validity of the suggestion that immune reactivity is maintained on the same level throughout life if tested with a novel antigen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical & Experimental Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYMPH nodes
KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
KW  - LYMPHOID tissue
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM diseases
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - ageing
KW  - antibody responses
KW  - germinal centres
KW  - tetanus antitoxin
N1  - Accession Number: 16002705; Kraft, R. 1; Bachmann, Marlies 1; Bachmann, K. 1; Buerki, H. 1; Hess, M. W.; Cottier, H. 1; Stoner, R. D. 1; Source Information: Feb1987, Vol. 67 Issue 2, p447; Subject: LYMPH nodes; Subject: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; Subject: LYMPHOID tissue; Subject: CLOSTRIDIUM diseases; Subject: BLOOD plasma; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ageing; Author-Supplied Keyword: antibody responses; Author-Supplied Keyword: germinal centres; Author-Supplied Keyword: tetanus antitoxin; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gligor, Virgil D.
AU  - Bailey, David J.
T1  - 
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 1987/02//
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 127
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Concerns for computer security and privacy appeared during the first decade following the development and use of digital computers. However, it is only recently that these concerns have gained recognition as separate disciplines of serious intellectual challenge. Many of the security and privacy developments can be linked directly both to the hardware and to the operating systems advances. The concepts of information security and privacy were limited to communications and were focused rather narrowly on use of physical security, of equipment shielding and of cryptographic techniques in special applications.
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - DATA protection
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14412222; Source Information: Feb87, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p125; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: SECURITY systems; Subject Term: DATA protection; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nessett, Dan M.
T1  - 
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 1987/02//
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 248
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Recent work examining distributed system security requirements is critiqued. A notion of trust based on distributed system topology and distributed system node evaluation levels proposed in that work is shown to be deficient. The notion fails to make allowances for the distributed system physical security environment, security factors related to the management of distributed systems by more than one jurisdictive authority, and the interactions that can occur between nodes supporting different mandatory and discretionary security mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - FAULT-tolerant computing
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14412232; Source Information: Feb87, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p233; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED computing; Subject Term: SECURITY systems; Subject Term: FAULT-tolerant computing; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 16p; ; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 8 Diagrams; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, Judy H.
AU  - Simmons, Gustavus J.
T1  - 
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 1987/02//
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
EP  - 273
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Certain DES keys have been called weak or semiweak based upon the number of distinct round keys which they produce. For the weak keys, all 16 round keys are identical and encryption is the same as decryption. For the semiweak keys, there are only two distinct round keys but no specific weakness of the DES with these keys has been demonstrated. In this paper, a subcollection of these keys, those whit a palindromic sequence of round keys, which are the weak keys, and those with an antipalindromic sequence of round keys, which are part of the semi- weak keys, are considered. The results presented hell) to identify the weaknesses of these keys. Each class of keys considered has an associated set of distinguished points. In the palindromic case, each key has 232 messages which are fixed under DES encryption. Encryption with a key having an antipalindromic sequence of round keys will yield the complement for 232 plaintext messages. Exploiting the existence of the distinguished points, an in-depth analysis of some interesting cycle structures for these keys is presented. For the weak keys, the nature of Coppersmith cycles, which always contain fixed points and are obtained by alternately encrypting with a weak key and its complement, is disclosed. For the remaining keys, the cycles obtained by repeated encryptions with the same key, appear to be small and display considerable symmetry with respect to a message and its complement. Examples of degenerate cases of all of these cycles are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER network security
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14412234; Source Information: Feb87, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p262; Subject Term: COMPUTER network security; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 12p; ; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, Gale A.
T1  - FACTOR INTENSITY AND SITE GEOLOGY AS DETERMINANTS OF RETURNS TO SCALE IN COAL MINING.
JO  - Review of Economics & Statistics
JF  - Review of Economics & Statistics
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 00346535
AB  - Abstract--Increasing returns to scale (RTS) is frequently postulated as affecting productivity m surface coal mining. However, it is not clear whether increased capital intensity or increased output is the relevant phenomenon A ray-homothetic production function that incorporates the capital-labor mix and fixed site geology into the scale elasticity is presented and estimated with a micro (mine level) dataset The results indicate that higher capital intensity contributes to higher RTS for some types of capital equipment, but not all. On the average increasing RTS was found, with few mines approaching optimal scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Economics & Statistics is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COAL mines & mining
KW  - COAL industry
KW  - CAPITAL intensity
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - GEOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 4646544; Boyd, Gale A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Feb87, Vol. 69 Issue 1, p18; Thesaurus Term: COAL mines & mining; Thesaurus Term: COAL industry; Thesaurus Term: CAPITAL intensity; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 213113 Support Activities for Coal Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boksenbaum, Martin William
AU  - Tolstoy, Paul
AU  - Harbottle, Garman
AU  - Kimberlin, Jerome
AU  - Neivens, Mary
T1  - Obsidian Industries and Cultural Evolution in the Basin of Mexico Before 500 B.C.
JO  - Journal of Field Archaeology
JF  - Journal of Field Archaeology
Y1  - 1987///Spring87
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
EP  - 75
SN  - 00934690
AB  - Neutron activation analysis of a large sample of obsidian artifacts from Early horizon and First Intermediate sites in the Basin of Mexico has allowed identification of the geologic sources that were exploited. Combining the geologic source data with obsidian manufacturing data in a diachronic fashion permits one to suggest a series of obsidian utilization stages that correlate with growing cultural complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Field Archaeology is the property of Maney Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Art materials
KW  - Stone implements
KW  - Antiquities
KW  - Nuclear activation analysis
KW  - Radiochemical analysis
KW  - Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - Mexico
N1  - Accession Number: 26889948; Boksenbaum, Martin William; Tolstoy, Paul 1; Harbottle, Garman 2; Kimberlin, Jerome; Neivens, Mary; Affiliations: 1 : Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; 2 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York;  Source Info: Spring87, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p65; Thesaurus Term: Art materials; Thesaurus Term: Stone implements; Thesaurus Term: Antiquities; Subject Term: Nuclear activation analysis; Subject Term: Radiochemical analysis; Subject Term: Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.; Subject: Mexico; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solomon, Jean A.
AU  - Walne, Patricia L.
AU  - Kivic, Peter A.
T1  - <em>ENTOSIPHON SULCATUM</em> (EUGLENOPHYCEAE): FLAGELLAR ROOTS OF THE BASAL BODY COMPLEX AND RESERVOIR REGION.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1987/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 98
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The flagellar root system of Entosiphon sulcatum (Dujardin) Stein (Euglenophyceae) is described and compared with kinetoplastid and other euglenoid systems. An asymmetric pattern of three microtubular roots, one between the two flagellar basal bodies and one on either side (here called the intermediate, dorsal, and ventral roots), is consistent within the euglenoid fiagellates studied thus far. The dorsal root is associated with the basal body of the anterior fiagellum (F[SUB1]) and lies on the left dorsal side of the basal body complex. Originating between the two fiagellar basal bodies, and associated with the basal body of the trailing fiageUum (F[SUB2]), the intermediate root is morphologically distinguished by fibrils interconnecting the individual microtubules to one another and to the overlying reservoir membrane. The intermediate root is often borne on a ridge projecting into the reservoir. The ventral root originates near the F[SUB2] basal body and lies on the right ventral side of the cell. Fibrillar connections link the membrane of F[SUB2] with the reservoir membrane at the reservoircanal transition level. A large cross-banded fiber joins the two flagellar basal bodies, and a series of smaller striated fibers links the anterior accessory and flagellar basal bodies. Large nonstriated fibers extend from the basal body complex posteriorly into the cytoplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Euglenoids
KW  - Phylogeny
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Ultrastructure (Biology)
KW  - Bodonids
KW  - euglenoids
KW  - flagellar roots
KW  - kinetoplastids
KW  - phylogeny
KW  - trypanosomes
KW  - ultrastructure
N1  - Accession Number: 10974274; Solomon, Jean A. 1,2; Walne, Patricia L. 3; Kivic, Peter A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Botany, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.; 2: Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; 3: Department  of Botany and Program, Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.; Issue Info: Mar1987, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p85; Thesaurus Term: Euglenoids; Thesaurus Term: Phylogeny; Thesaurus Term: Phytoplankton; Subject Term: Ultrastructure (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bodonids; Author-Supplied Keyword: euglenoids; Author-Supplied Keyword: flagellar roots; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetoplastids; Author-Supplied Keyword: phylogeny; Author-Supplied Keyword: trypanosomes; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultrastructure; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10974274
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dearborn, David S. P.
AU  - Schreiber, Katharina J.
AU  - White, Raymond E.
T1  - INTIMACHAY: A DECEMEBR SOLSTICE OBSERVATORY AT MACHU PICCHU, PERU.
JO  - American Antiquity
JF  - American Antiquity
Y1  - 1987/04//
VL  - 52
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 346
EP  - 352
SN  - 00027316
AB  - We show that a structure built by the Inkas at the entrance to a cave at Machu Picchu was designed to admit the light of the rising sun only for a brief period before and after the December solstice. This structure is precisely constructed, unique at Machu Picchu, and may have played a part in the annual Inka ritual, Capac Raymi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Antiquity is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Symbolism
KW  - ANTIQUITIES
KW  - Machu Picchu Site (Peru)
KW  - Caves
KW  - Landforms
KW  - Inti Raymi Festival
KW  - Ritual
KW  - Public worship
KW  - Peru
N1  - Accession Number: 26465848; Dearborn, David S. P. 1; Schreiber, Katharina J. 2; White, Raymond E. 3; Affiliations: 1 : University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore; 2 : Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA; 3 : Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ;  Source Info: Apr87, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p346; Thesaurus Term: Symbolism; Thesaurus Term: ANTIQUITIES; Subject Term: Machu Picchu Site (Peru); Subject Term: Caves; Subject Term: Landforms; Subject Term: Inti Raymi Festival; Subject Term: Ritual; Subject Term: Public worship; Subject: Peru; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharples, Frances E.
T1  - THE CIVIL LIBERTIES OF SCIENCE.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1987/04//
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 285
EP  - 286
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Cloning and the Constitution: An Inquiry into Governmental Policymaking and Genetic Experimentation," by Ira H. Carmen.
KW  - Cloning
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Carmen, Ira
KW  - Cloning & the Constitution (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10103279; Sharples, Frances E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: Apr87, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p285; Subject Term: Cloning; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Cloning & the Constitution (Book); People: Carmen, Ira; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1064
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shahak, Yosepha
AU  - Hind, Geoffrey
AU  - Padan, Etana
T1  - The site of inhibition of the chloroplast electron-transport system by 2,3-dithiopropan-1-ol (BAL).
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1987/04/15/
VL  - 164
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
EP  - 460
SN  - 00142956
AB  - BAL (2,3-dithiopropan-l-ol) treatment of chloroplasts has previously been reported to induce a block in electron transport from water to NADP+ at a site preceding plastocyanin [Belkin et al. (1980) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 766, 563–569]. In the present work the block was further characterized. The following properties of BAL treatment are described. a) Inhibition of electron transport from water to lipophilic acceptors but not to silicomolybdate. b) Inhibition of the slow, sigmoidal phase of chlorophyll a fluorescence induction. c) Inability of N,N,N′,N′,-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine to bypass the inhibition of NADP+ photoreduction with water as the electron donor. d) Inhibition of electron transport from externally added quinols to NADP+. e) Inhibition of cytochrome f reduction by photosystem II, but not its oxidation by photosystem I. f) Inhibition of cytochrome b6 turnover and cytochrome f rereduction after single-turnover flash illumination under cyclic electron-flow conditions. The BAL-induced block is therefore located between the secondary quinone acceptor (QB) and the cytochrome b6 f complex. It was further found that (a) the isolated cytochrome complex is not inhibited after BAL treatment; (b) BAL-reacted plastoquinone-1 inhibits electron transport in chloroplasts; (c) BAL does not inhibit electron transport in chromatophores of Rhodospirilum rubrum or Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. It is suggested that the inhibition of electron transport in chloroplasts results from specific reaction of BAL with the endogenous plastoquinone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MEDICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13854090; Shahak, Yosepha 1; Hind, Geoffrey 2; Padan, Etana 3; Source Information: 4/15/87, Vol. 164 Issue 2, p453; Subject: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject: ELECTRON transport; Subject: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject: ELECTRONS; Subject: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject: MEDICAL sciences; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - RUSSELL, MILTON
AU  - GRUBER, MICHAEL
T1  - Risk Assessment in Environmental Policy-Making.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/04/17/
VL  - 236
IS  - 4799
M3  - Article
SP  - 286
EP  - 290
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Environmental policy-making has become more dependent on formal, quantitative risk assessment because of increasing attention to the prevention of human health damage from toxic chemicals. Risk assessment helps set priorities for regulation of the very large numbers of chemicals that are of potential concern and helps direct limited social and government resources against the most significant risks. Although the scientific basis for risk assessment is often uncertain and the public and its representatives have often been confused by its use in regulatory decisions, the U.S. Environmental Protecion Agency currently uses a variety of risk assm ent techniques to set priorities, tailor regulations, and make decisions at particular sites. The Environmental Protection Agency also attempts to make the practice of risk assessment more consistent throughout the agency and to improve public understanding of the meaning of risk assessment and risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87461399; RUSSELL, MILTON 1,2; GRUBER, MICHAEL 3; Affiliations: 1: Assistant Administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Ancy, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460; 2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 3: Officc of Solid Waste, U.S. Environmcntal Protection Agency, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460; Issue Info: 4/17/1987, Vol. 236 Issue 4799, p286; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heiken, Grant
T1  - Mount Etna (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1987/05//May/Jun87
VL  - 75
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 296
EP  - 296
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book `Mount Etna: The Anatomy of a Volcano,' by D.K. Chester, A.M. Duncan, J.E. Guest and C.R.J. Kilburn.
KW  - Volcanoes
KW  - Chester, D. K.
KW  - Duncan, A. M.
KW  - Guest, J. E.
KW  - Kilburn, C. R. J.
KW  - Mount Etna (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11231110; Heiken, Grant 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Space Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: May/Jun87, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p296; Thesaurus Term: Volcanoes; Reviews & Products: Mount Etna (Book); People: Chester, D. K.; People: Duncan, A. M.; People: Guest, J. E.; People: Kilburn, C. R. J.; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neal, David M.
T1  - The Interrupted System: Israeli Civilians in War and Routine Times (Book)
JO  - Contemporary Sociology
JF  - Contemporary Sociology
Y1  - 1987/05//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
EP  - 352
SN  - CSC
SN  - 00943061
AB  - Reviews the book 'The Interrupted System: Israeli Civilians in War and Routine Times,' by Baruch Kimmerling (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - Interrupted system: israeli civilians in war &; routine times, the
KW  - War
KW  - KIMMERLING, Baruch
N1  - Accession Number: MFS-13567391; Neal, David M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory ;  Source Info: May 1987, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p351; Note: Publisher Information: American Sociological Association.; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - fxh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - COUNSELS OF WAR (Book).
AU  - Pilat, Joseph F.
JO  - Society
JF  - Society
Y1  - 1987/05//May/Jun87
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
SP  - 85
EP  - 88
SN  - 01472011
N1  - Accession Number: 10979124; Author: Pilat, Joseph F.: 1,2 ; Author Affiliation: 1 Staff member, Center for National Security Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory: 2 Senior research associate, Library of Congress; No. of Pages: 4; Language: English; Publication Type: Book Review; Update Code: 20050619
N2  - Reviews the book "Counsels of War," by Gregg Herken.
KW  - WAR
KW  - NONFICTION
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutton, Ann
AU  - Sieburth, Leslie E.
AU  - Bennett, John
T1  - Light-dependent accumulation and localization of photosystem II proteins in maize.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1987/05/04/
VL  - 164
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 571
EP  - 578
SN  - 00142956
AB  - We have raised antibodies against several major components of photosystem II. These antisera, which are directed against the apoproteins of two chlorophyll-binding proteins (CPa-1 and CPa-2), the apoprotein of lightharvesting complex II and the 33-kDa extrinsic protein of the oxygen-evolving complex, were used to examine the light regulation of photosystem II assembly in maize. The principal findings of this study are as follows. 1. The 33-kDa protein is present in dark-grown maize and the content increases 5-10-fold upon illumination. 2. The level of the protein is mediated at least in part by phytochrome and is independent of the accumulation of chlorophyll. 3. In contrast, none of the three chlorophyll-binding proteins examined was detectable in leaves of maize grown in darkness or under other light regimes where chlorophyll does not accumulate. 4. Even in the absence of photosystem II assembly, the 33-kDa protein is properly transported across the thylakoid into the lumen. However, the protein does not attach in the normal way to the inner surface of the membrane under these conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - CORN
KW  - FORAGE plants
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
N1  - Accession Number: 13802254; Sutton, Ann 1; Sieburth, Leslie E. 1; Bennett, John 1; Source Information: 5/4/87, Vol. 164 Issue 3, p571; Subject: CARRIER proteins; Subject: CORN; Subject: FORAGE plants; Subject: PROTEINS; Subject: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject: CHLOROPHYLL; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, S.
AU  - Lane, P.
T1  - On the life history of Centropages typicus: Responses to a fall diatom bloom in the New York Bight.
JO  - Marine Biology
JF  - Marine Biology
Y1  - 1987/05/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
EP  - 313
SN  - 00253162
AB  - Laboratory studies and field collections show that egg production by Centropages typicus (Krøyer) in New York shelf waters in autumn 1984 responded to both food and temperature. Rates of egg production were high (43 to 76 eggs female d) in October, early in the fall diatom bloom. Later, although food concentrations remained high and female size actually increased, egg production declined, presumably in response to seasonally decreasing temperatures. Carnivorous diets did not support egg production. Development time for autumn-hatched C. typicus was 33 d at 15°C, a rate that gives a Q of 2.21 when compared with the spring development rate of 49 d at 10°C. We could find no evidence of physiological adjustments being made by this copepod for overwintering. Development was not arrested at any subadult stage and resting eggs were not produced. Trends in body size of copepodid stage V, however, suggest that an overwintering strategy may be invoked by this copepod in Junuary or February. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diatoms
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Centropagidae
KW  - Autumn
KW  - New York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 71121942; Smith, S. 1; Lane, P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oceanographic Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Issue Info: 1987, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p305; Thesaurus Term: Diatoms; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Subject Term: Centropagidae; Subject Term: Autumn; Subject: New York (State); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00409018
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GATEWOOD, J. M.
AU  - COOK, G. R.
AU  - BALHORN, R.
AU  - BRADBURY, E. M.
AU  - SCHMID, C. W.
T1  - Sequence-Specific Packaging of DNA in Human Sperm Chromatin.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/05/22/
VL  - 236
IS  - 4804
M3  - Article
SP  - 962
EP  - 964
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The DNA in human sperm chromatin is packaged into nucleoprotamine (-85%) and nudeohistone (-15%). Whether these two chromatin fractions are sequence-specific subsets of the spermatozoon genome is the question addressed in this report. Sequence-specific packaging would suggest distinct structural and functional roles for the nudeohistone and nucleoprotamine in late spermatogenesis or early development or both. After removal of histones with 0.65M NaCl, exposed DNA was cleaved with Bam HI restriction endonuclease and separated by centifugation from insoluble nucleoprotamine. The DNA sequence distribution of nucleohistone DNA in the supernatant and nucleoprotamine DNA in the peilet was compared by cloning sizeselected single-copy sequences and by using the derived dones as probes of nucleohistone DNA and nudeoprotamine DNA. Two dones derived from nudeohistone DNA preferentially hybridized to nucleohistone DNA, and two clones derived from nucleoprotamine DNA preferentiafly hybridized to nucleoprotamine DNA, which demonstrated the existence of sequence-specific nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine components within the human spermatozoon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84692498; GATEWOOD, J. M. 1; COOK, G. R. 2; BALHORN, R. 3; BRADBURY, E. M. 2; SCHMID, C. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; 2: Department of Biological Chemistry School of Medicine, university of California, Davis, CA 95616; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Issue Info: 5/22/1987, Vol. 236 Issue 4804, p962; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BJORKEN, JAMES D.
T1  - The Particle Hunters.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/05/22/
VL  - 236
IS  - 4804
M3  - Article
SP  - 999
EP  - 999
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84692526; BJORKEN, JAMES D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510; Issue Info: 5/22/1987, Vol. 236 Issue 4804, p999; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knezovich, John
AU  - Harrison, Florence
T1  - A new method for determining the concentrations of volatile organic compounds in sediment interstitial water.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1987/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 937
EP  - 940
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study which determines the exposure concentrations of sediment-sorbed organic compounds in sediment interstitial water. It says that chlorobenzene (CB) was used as the test compound while a high organic carbon content was used as a sorptive test substrate. It mentions that the interstitial water were collected by inserting the sampling device through an eight millimeter water depth. Results show that in situ extraction method reduced the loss of volatile test compound.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Pore water
KW  - Chlorobenzene
KW  - Carbon
KW  - In situ processing (Mining)
KW  - Organic compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 70788823; Knezovich, John 1; Harrison, Florence 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 94550 Livermore; Issue Info: Jun1987, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p937; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Pore water; Thesaurus Term: Chlorobenzene; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: In situ processing (Mining); Subject Term: Organic compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01609076
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keller, J. O.
AU  - Saito, K.
T1  - Measu rements of the Combusting Flow in a Pulse Combustor.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1987/06//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
EP  - 163
SN  - 00102202
AB  - Abstract-Although pulse combustion devices exhibit a high thermal efficiency and low pollutant emission when used in heating applications, broad application of these heating devices has been limited because of a lack of understanding of the fundamental controlling physical and chemical processes. Thi s paper reports the results of an experimental investigation of the effects of changing mean equivalence ratio and mass loading on the fluid dynamics in the combustion chamber of a pulse combu stor. The experimental investigation used schlieren photography for flow visualization, a two-color laser Doppler velocimeter (LOY) for velocity measurements, OH* chemiluminescence for burning rate information, thermocouples for temperature measurements, and pressure transducers for time-resolved pres sure measurements as diagnostic tools. A reasonably complete mapping of the combu stion-fluid dynamics in the combustion chamber has been performed. Results from these investigations indicate the following: (a) residual combustion process serves as the ignition source of the next combustion cycle; (b) the combustor is controlled by a two-fold mixing process (one of mixing between reactants, and one between cold reactants and hot products); and (c) the combu stor operates in a stratified charge mode. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75864933; Keller, J. O. 1; Saito, K. 2; Affiliations: 1: Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California; 2: Toshiba Corportation, Fuji City, Japan; Issue Info: Jun1987, Vol. 53 Issue 2/3, p137; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208708947024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Reginald E.
T1  - Experimentally Determined Overall Burning Rates of Coal Chars.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1987/06//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
EP  - 186
SN  - 00102202
AB  - Abstract-Simultaneous measurements of the size, temperature, and velocity of single pulverized-coal char particles are used to determine the overall burning rates of the chars flowing in hot. oxidizing gaseous environments. The single film model of a burning carbon particle is employed with CO as the sole heterogeneous reaction product. Arrhenius parameters which describe the chemical reaction rate coefficients are derived for the chars of a hvb-biturninous coal from Missouri, a North Dakota lignite and a high-swelling, bituminous coal from Kentucky. Gaseous environments in the temperature range 14S0 to 1550 K, having one, three and six mole-percent oxygen were employed. The measurements indicate that in the three and six mole-percent oxygen environments, the temperatures of particles in the size range 70 to 150 𝛍m exceed the local gas temperatures by as much as 150 K. The results suggest that at high particle temperatures, the chars of the coals burn in a regime in which the overall particle burning rate s are limited by the combined effects of pore diffusion and the intrinsic chemical reactivity uf the particle material. The data support burning at constant density with a decrease in particle size with mass loss. A value of 0.5 is recommended for the apparent reaction order with respect to the oxygen partial pressure for the carbon-oxygen heterogeneous reacti on. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75864934; Mitchell, Reginald E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, Livermore, CA; Issue Info: Jun1987, Vol. 53 Issue 2/3, p165; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208708947025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flower, W. L.
AU  - Bowman, C. T.
T1  - Short Communication.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1987/06//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 224
SN  - 00102202
N1  - Accession Number: 75864937; Flower, W. L. 1; Bowman, C. T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550; Issue Info: Jun1987, Vol. 53 Issue 2/3, p217; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208708947028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Massey, Walter E.
T1  - The Special Responsibilities of the Board for Technology and R&D.
JO  - Directors & Boards
JF  - Directors & Boards
Y1  - 1987///Summer87
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
EP  - 46
SN  - 03649156
AB  - The article discusses the responsibilities of corporate directors for long term technology research and development. According to the author, all board members should have some basic understanding of research and development and have an understanding of the views of management on the balance between long and short-term research and development. He says that directors should have an appreciation for the role of research and development in business planning and should try to stop forces that push management towards focusing on short-term goals.
KW  - DIRECTORS of corporations
KW  - SOCIAL responsibility of business
KW  - RESEARCH & development
KW  - BUSINESS planning
KW  - RESPONSIBILITY
N1  - Accession Number: 27261085; Massey, Walter E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Vice President, Research and for Argonne National Laboratory, The University of Chicago; Issue Info: Summer87, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p46; Thesaurus Term: DIRECTORS of corporations; Thesaurus Term: SOCIAL responsibility of business; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH & development; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS planning; Subject Term: RESPONSIBILITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Pruett, N
T1  - Using askSam to manage files of bibliographic references
JO  - Online
JF  - Online
Y1  - 1987/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
EP  - 52
SN  - 01465422
AB  - This article describes askSam, a text-based bibliographical management system, which is especially useful in arranging small file personal reference collections for researchers. It is said to be flexible, simple to use, inexpensive, easy to edit, and quick. The system allows searching by single word or multi-word terms, and Boolean searching, both free-form and limited. AskSam affords easy unstructured input without programming, or it can handle highly-structured input if the user prefers. The author notes other applications and presents sample records and templates.
KW  - BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases
KW  - File systems
KW  - Information management
KW  - Search systems
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2202240; Pruett, N 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM;  Source Info: Jul 1987, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p46; Note: Update Code: 2200; Subject Term: BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases; Author-Supplied Keyword: File systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Search systems; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STEINBERG, MEYER
T1  - Plutonium Recycling.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/08/14/
VL  - 237
IS  - 4816
M3  - Article
SP  - 708
EP  - 708
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87519536; STEINBERG, MEYER 1; Affiliations: 1: Process Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: 8/14/1987, Vol. 237 Issue 4816, p708; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wyman, K.
AU  - Dubinsky, Z.
AU  - Porter, J.
AU  - Falkowski, P.
T1  - Light absorption and utilization among hermatypic corals: a study in Jamaica, West Indies.
JO  - Marine Biology
JF  - Marine Biology
Y1  - 1987/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
EP  - 292
SN  - 00253162
AB  - The chlorophyll specific absorption coefficient ( $$\bar k$$ ) was measured for zooxanthellae from six hermatypic coral species obtained, where possible, from four depths (1, 10, 30, 50 m) on reef sites near Discovery Bay, Jamaica in February and March 1983. Measurements of photosynthetic rates versus irradiance, as well as cellular and areal chlorophyll a, were also performed on these colonies or sister colonies. Together the data were used to compare minimum quantum requirements (1/Φ m) among species and depths and to assess the importance of light utilization to the growth and depth distribution of these corals. Our data suggest that, although $$\bar k$$ was found to decrease with depth, interspecific differences in $$\bar k$$ do not occur for zooxanthellae from the corals investigated. Minimum quantum requirements (1/Φ m) decreased significantly with depth, thereby reflecting an increase in photosynthetic light utilization efficiency with decreasing irradiance. Interspecific differences in 1/Φ m determinations were suggested but not statistically conclusive. We conclude that interspecific differences in gross photosynthesis, and perhaps growth and depth distribution, are primarily attributable to differences in the light utilization capacity of the whole coral, as reflected by the product of $$\bar k$$ and chlorophyll per unit surface area, and in-situ quantum efficiencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Corals
KW  - Gases from plants
KW  - Photobiology
KW  - Species
KW  - Jamaica
N1  - Accession Number: 71122013; Wyman, K. 1; Dubinsky, Z. 2; Porter, J. 3; Falkowski, P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oceanographic Sciences Division, Department of Applied Science , Brookhaven National Laboratory , 11973 Upton USA; 2: Department of Life Sciences , Bar Ilan University , 52100 Ramat Gan Israel; 3: Department of Zoology , University of Georgia , 30602 Athens USA; Issue Info: 1987, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p283; Thesaurus Term: Corals; Thesaurus Term: Gases from plants; Thesaurus Term: Photobiology; Thesaurus Term: Species; Subject: Jamaica; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00427028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carpenter, Arvind V.
AU  - Flanders, W. Dana
AU  - Frome, Edward L.
AU  - Cole, Philip
AU  - Fry, Shirley A.
T1  - Brain Cancer and Nonoccupational Risk Factors: A Case-Control Study among Workers at Two Nuclear Facilities.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1987/09//
VL  - 77
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1180
EP  - 1182
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Abstract:  In a nested case-control study of nuclear workers, 82 brain cancer cases were compared with 328 matched controls to investigate the possible association with nonoccupational risk factors such as histories of epilepsy or head injury. We observed a moderately strong association between brain cancer occurrence and history of epilepsy (OR = 5.7, 95 per cent CI: 1.0, 32.1), but did not find a positive association with previous head injury (OR = 0.9, 95 per cent CI: 0.2, 4.2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear facilities
KW  - WOUNDS & injuries
KW  - Employees
KW  - Brain diseases
KW  - Epilepsy
KW  - Brain
KW  - Cancer -- Study & teaching
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Race
KW  - Tennessee
N1  - Accession Number: 4949796; Carpenter, Arvind V. 1; Flanders, W. Dana 2; Frome, Edward L. 3; Cole, Philip 4; Fry, Shirley A. 5; Affiliations: 1: Epidemiologist, Center for Epidemiologic Research, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, P.O. Box 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 2: Medical Epidemiologist with CDC, Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta; 3: Statistician, Mathematics and Statistics Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 4: Professor and Chairman, Department of Epidemiology, UAB School of Public Health, Birmingham; 5: Director, Center for Epidemiologic Research, Oak Ridge Associated Universities; Issue Info: Sep87, Vol. 77 Issue 9, p1180; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear facilities; Thesaurus Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Subject Term: Employees; Subject Term: Brain diseases; Subject Term: Epilepsy; Subject Term: Brain; Subject Term: Cancer -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: Regression analysis; Subject Term: Race; Subject: Tennessee; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLerran, Larry
AU  - Svetitsky, Benjamin
T1  - Making a Quark Plasma.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1987/09//Sep/Oct87
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 490
EP  - 496
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Describes steps in making a quark plasma.  Effect of compressing or heating nuclear matter; Sources of quark matter; Examples of a high-density system; Effect of high-energy nuclear collisions; Mechanics of quantum chromodynamics; Effect of rare fluctuations in proton-proton and proton-antiproton collisions of producing a quark-gluon plasma.
KW  - Quark-gluon plasma
KW  - Nuclear matter
KW  - Collisions (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Quantum chromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11317765; McLerran, Larry 1; Svetitsky, Benjamin 2; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; 2: MIT; Issue Info: Sep/Oct87, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p490; Subject Term: Quark-gluon plasma; Subject Term: Nuclear matter; Subject Term: Collisions (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Quantum chromodynamics; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Mark E.
T1  - Beyond ANOVA, Basics of Applied Statistics (Book).
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1987/09//
VL  - 82
IS  - 399
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 946
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews the book "Beyond ANOVA, Basics of Applied Statistics," by Rupert G. Miller.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MILLER, Rupert
KW  - MILLER, Rupert G.
KW  - BEYOND ANOVA, Basics of Applied Statistics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 4606112; Johnson, Mark E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep87, Vol. 82 Issue 399, p946; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: BEYOND ANOVA, Basics of Applied Statistics (Book); People: MILLER, Rupert; People: MILLER, Rupert G.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Mark E.
T1  - Probability and Measure (Book).
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1987/09//
VL  - 82
IS  - 399
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 946
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews the book "Probability and Measure," 2nd ed., by Patrick Billingsley.
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - PROBABILITY measures
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - BILLINGSLEY, Patrick
KW  - PROBABILITY & Measure (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 4606140; Johnson, Mark E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Sep87, Vol. 82 Issue 399, p946; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: PROBABILITY measures; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PROBABILITY & Measure (Book); People: BILLINGSLEY, Patrick; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ambrose, Kathleen
AU  - Rice, Dennis
AU  - Goodman, Mark
AU  - Knapp, F.
T1  - Effect of 3-methyl-branching on the metabolism in rat hearts of radioiodinated iodovinyl long chain fatty acids.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1987/10//
VL  - 13
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
EP  - 379
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143381; Ambrose, Kathleen 1; Rice, Dennis 1; Goodman, Mark 1; Knapp, F. 1; Source Information: Oct1987, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p374; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00252999
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crabb, D.G.
T1  - Elementary Particles (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1987/11//Nov/Dec87
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 632
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Elementary Particles,' 2nd ed., edited by I.S. Hughes.
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Elementary Particles (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11231232; Crabb, D.G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Michigan; Issue Info: Nov/Dec87, Vol. 75 Issue 6, p632; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Elementary Particles (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril D.
AU  - WOODHEAD, AVRIL D.
T1  - UNDERSTANDING UV .
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1987/11//
VL  - 37
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 737
EP  - 737
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Solar-UV Actions on Living Cells," by John Jagger.
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Jagger, John
KW  - Solar-UV Actions on Living Cells (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10114146; Woodhead, Avril D. 1; WOODHEAD, AVRIL D.; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Nov87, Vol. 37 Issue 10, p737; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Solar-UV Actions on Living Cells (Book); People: Jagger, John; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joel, D. D.
AU  - Chanana, A. D.
T1  - Distribution of lung-associated lymphocytes from the caudal mediastinal lymph node: effect of antigen.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1987/12//
VL  - 62
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 641
EP  - 646
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Lymphocytes from the efferent lymph of the caudal mediastinal lymph node (CMLN) were labelled in vitro with 125I-iododeoxyuridine [125I]UdR and Na251CrO4. The labelled cells were re-infused i.v. and their distribution in organs/tissues was determined 20-24 hr later. As indicated by tissue 125I-activity, pulmonary lymphoblasts had a marked tendency to relocate in the lung, regional pulmonary lymph nodes and spleen. Localization of efferent CMLN lymphoblasts was greater in antigenically stimulated segments compared to unstimulated segments of the lung. Dual antigen experiments indicated that the increased localization was not specific for the antigen which stimulated production of lymphoblasts used for in vitro labelling and rein fusion. Intranodal labelling of blasts by the direct injection of [125I]UdR supported the results obtained from in vitro labelling. In these studies, comparisons were made with the localization of lymphocytes obtained from thoracic duct lymph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - MEDIASTINUM
KW  - CHEST (Anatomy)
KW  - LYMPH nodes
KW  - LYMPHATICS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - IMMUNITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14014691; Joel, D. D. 1; Chanana, A. D. 1; Source Information: Dec87, Vol. 62 Issue 4, p641; Subject: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject: MEDIASTINUM; Subject: CHEST (Anatomy); Subject: LYMPH nodes; Subject: LYMPHATICS; Subject: ANTIGENS; Subject: IMMUNITY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CAPEL, M. S.
AU  - ENGELMAN, D. M.
AU  - FREEBORN, B. R.
AU  - KJELDGAARD, M.
AU  - LANGER, J. A.
AU  - RAMAKRISHNAN, V.
AU  - SCHINDLER, D. G.
AU  - SCHNEIDER, D. K.
AU  - SCHOENBORN, B. P.
AU  - SILLERS, I.-Y.
AU  - YABUKI, S.
AU  - Moore, P. B.
T1  - A Complete Mapping of the Proteins in the Small Ribosomal Subunit of Escherichia coli.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/12/04/
VL  - 238
IS  - 4832
M3  - Article
SP  - 1403
EP  - 1406
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The relative positions of the centers of mass of the 21 proteins of the 30S ribosomal subunit from Escherchia coli have been determined by triangulation using neutron scattering data. The resulting map of the quaternary structure of the small ribosomal subunit is presented, and comparisons are made with structural data from other sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84692565; CAPEL, M. S. 1; ENGELMAN, D. M. 2; FREEBORN, B. R. 3; KJELDGAARD, M. 3; LANGER, J. A. 2; RAMAKRISHNAN, V. 1; SCHINDLER, D. G. 2; SCHNEIDER, D. K. 1; SCHOENBORN, B. P. 1; SILLERS, I.-Y. 3; YABUKI, S. 3; Moore, P. B. 3; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; 2: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511; 3: Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511; Issue Info: 12/ 4/1987, Vol. 238 Issue 4832, p1403; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Marland, Gregg
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Institute for Energy Analysis, Oak Ridge Associated Universities
A2  - Ausubel, Jesse H.
A2  - Herman, Robert
T1  - Longevity of Infrastructure
T2  - Cities and their vital systems: Infrastructure past, present, and future
PB  - National Academy of Engineering Series on Technology and Social Priorities
PB  - Washington, D.C.:
PB  - National Academy Press
Y1  - 1988///
SP  - 312
EP  - 332
N1  - Accession Number: 0030356; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199112
KW  - Industry Studies--Electrical, Gas, Communication, and Information Services          6352
KW  - Economics of Transportation          6150
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Ashenhurst, Robert L.
AU  - Max, Nelson L.
T1  - ETA Still Off-Course.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1988/01//
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor focusing on the article "Profiles in Computing" depicting the quality of the computer programming in the airline industry that was published in the October 1987 issue of the periodical.
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 17914536; Ashenhurst, Robert L.; Max, Nelson L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550.; Issue Info: Jan1988, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p5; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Soderstrom, E. J.
AU  - Carpenter, W. W.
AU  - Postma, H.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Oak Ridge
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Furino, Antonio
T1  - 'Profiting' from Technology Transfer: A Novel Approach
T2  - Cooperation and competition in the global economy: Issues and strategies
PB  - An IC[superscript]2 Institute Book.
PB  - Cambridge, Mass.:
PB  - Harper and Row, Ballinger
Y1  - 1988///
SP  - 211
EP  - 224
N1  - Accession Number: 0032630; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199112
KW  - Technological Change and Innovation          6211
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slosman, Daniel
AU  - Davidson, Dennis
AU  - Brill, Aaron
AU  - Alderson, Philip
T1  - I-metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake in the isolated rat lung: A potential marker of endothelial cell function.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1988/01//
VL  - 13
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
EP  - 547
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143440; Slosman, Daniel 1; Davidson, Dennis; Brill, Aaron 2; Alderson, Philip 1; Source Information: Jan1988, Vol. 13 Issue 10, p543; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00256632
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Katzman, Martin T.
AD  - U TX, Dallas, and Argonne National Laboratory
A2  - Hula, Richard C.
T1  - Societal Risk Management through the Insurance Market
T2  - Market-based public policy
PB  - Policy Studies Organization series.
PB  - New York:
PB  - St. Martin's Press in association with the Policies Studies Organization
Y1  - 1988///
SP  - 21
EP  - 42
N1  - Accession Number: 0033528; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199112
KW  - Theory of Uncertainty and Information          0261
KW  - Industry Studies--Services--Insurance          6356
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - More, Jorge J.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory, IL
A2  - Iri, Masao
A2  - Yajima, Keiji
T1  - Trust Regions and Projected Gradients
T2  - System modelling and optimization: Proceedings of the 13th IFIP Conference, Tokyo, Japan, August 31-September 4, 1987
PB  - Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences series, vol. 113
PB  - New York; Berlin; London and Tokyo:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1988///
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
N1  - Accession Number: 0033630; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199112
KW  - Mathematical Methods and Models--Optimization Techniques          2132
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Farmer, J. Doyne
AU  - Sidorowich, John J.
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM
AD  - U CA, Santa Cruz
A2  - Anderson, Philip W.
A2  - Arrow, Kenneth J.
A2  - Pines, David
T1  - Can New Approaches to Nonlinear Modeling Improve Economic Forecasts?
T2  - The economy as an evolving complex system: The proceedings of the Evolutionary Paths of the Global Economy Workshop, held September, 1987, in Santa Fe, New Mexico
PB  - Santa Fe Institute Studies in the Sciences of Complexity, vol. 5
PB  - Redwood City, Calif.; Don Mills, Ontario; Wokingham, U.K and Sydney:
PB  - Addison-Wesley
Y1  - 1988///
SP  - 99
EP  - 115
N1  - Accession Number: 0030174; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199112
KW  - Construction, Analysis, and Use of Econometric Models          2120
KW  - Time Series and Spectral Analysis          2116
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Larson, Eric D.
AU  - Ross, Marc H.
AU  - Williams, Robert H.
AD  - Princeton U
AD  - U MI and Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - Princeton U
A2  - Forester, Tom
T1  - Beyond the Era of Materials
T2  - The materials revolution: Superconductors, new materials, and the Japanese challenge
PB  - Cambridge, Mass. and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1988///
SP  - 141
EP  - 159
RP  - [1986]
N1  - Accession Number: 0032475; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199112
KW  - Technological Change and Innovation          6211
KW  - Research and Development          6212
KW  - Industry Studies--Manufacturing--Chemicals, Drugs, Plastics, Ceramics, Glass, Cement, and Rubber          6315
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ARVIZU, DAN E.
AU  - BOES, ELDON C.
T1  - Photovoltaic Concentrating Systems and Components†.
JO  - International Journal of Solar Energy
JF  - International Journal of Solar Energy
Y1  - 1988/01/05/
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
EP  - 330
SN  - 01425919
AB  - This paper will present an overview of the surrent status of photovoltaic concentrator system technology from the perspective of the U.S Department of Energy's (DOE) photovoltaic Program. The present and future economic outlook of concentrators is discussed along with a comparative assessment of other photovoltaic options. The research and performance status of the important concentrator system components is reviewed and the present and future research avenues are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Solar Energy is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75690819; ARVIZU, DAN E. 1; BOES, ELDON C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, 87185, New Mexico;  Source Info: Jan1988, Vol. 6 Issue 6, p311; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/01425918808914237
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, John
AU  - Shaw, Elizabeth K.
AU  - Michel, Hanspeter
T1  - Cytochrome <em>b</em>6<em>f</em> complex is required for phosphorylation of light-harvesting chlorophyll <em>a/b</em> complex II in chloroplast photosynthetic membranes.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1988/01/15/
VL  - 171
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 100
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex (LHC II) and four photosystem II (PS II) core proteins (8.3, 32, 34 and 44 kDa) become phosphorylated in response to reduction of the intersystem electron transport chain of green plant chloroplasts. Previous studies indicated that reduction of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool is the key event in kinase activation. However, we show here that, unlike PSII proteins, LHC II is phosphorylated only when the cytochrome b6f complex is active. Two lines of evidence support this conclusion. (1) 2,5-Dibromo-3-methyl-6- isopropyl-p-benzoquinone (DBMIB) and the 2,4-dinitrophenyl ether of iodonitrothymol (DNP-INT), which are known to block electron flow into the cytochrome complex, selectively inhibit LHC II phosphorylation in spinach thylakoids. (2) The hcf6 mutant of maize, which contains PQ but lacks the cytochrome b6f complex, phosphorylates the four PS II proteins but fails to phosphorylate LHC II in vivo or in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15818274; Bennett, John 1; Shaw, Elizabeth K. 1; Michel, Hanspeter 1; Source Information: 1/15/88, Vol. 171 Issue 1/2, p95; Subject: BIOMOLECULES; Subject: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject: CYTOCHROMES; Subject: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Schriesheim, Alan
T1  - Focus on superconductivity.
JO  - Vital Speeches of the Day
JF  - Vital Speeches of the Day
Y1  - 1988/01/15/
VL  - 54
IS  - 7
M3  - Speech
SP  - 200
EP  - 202
PB  - Pro Rhetoric, LLC
SN  - 0042742X
AB  - Presents a speech by Alan Schriesheim, director of Argonne National Laboratory, delivered at the Institutional Investor Institute's Annual Chief Investment Officers' Roundtable in Naples, Florida on November 20, 1987.  Variables involved in investment planning for superconductivity; Significance of superconductivity in power generation; Effect of the ability of superconducting coils to store energy on power plants.
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SCHRIESHEIM, Alan
N1  - Accession Number: 8800005361; Schriesheim, Alan 1; Affiliations: 1: Director of Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: 1/15/88, Vol. 54 Issue 7, p200; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC power production; Thesaurus Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; People: SCHRIESHEIM, Alan; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Speech
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warner, Stephanie C.
AU  - Aldrich, Timothy E.
T1  - The Status of Cancer Cluster Investigations Undertaken by State Health Departments.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1988/03//
VL  - 78
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 307
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Abstract: A survey of state health departments indicates the number of cancer cluster reports received is associated with the size of the state, the presence of a population-based tumor registry, and the existence of a centralized system for response. Cancer cluster investigations, have generally been unproductive in terms of etiologic discoveries yet they may have important benefits in terms of public education, allaying public anxiety about environmental concerns and engendering good will toward government agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diseases -- Causes & theories of causation
KW  - Public health
KW  - Diseases
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Tumors
KW  - Government agencies
KW  - Education
KW  - States (Political subdivisions)
N1  - Accession Number: 4685195; Warner, Stephanie C. 1; Aldrich, Timothy E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Michigan Department of Health and Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar88, Vol. 78 Issue 3, p306; Thesaurus Term: Diseases -- Causes & theories of causation; Thesaurus Term: Public health; Thesaurus Term: Diseases; Subject Term: Cancer; Subject Term: Surveys; Subject Term: Tumors; Subject Term: Government agencies; Subject Term: Education; Subject Term: States (Political subdivisions); NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921190 Other General Government Support; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913910 Other local, municipal and regional public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911910 Other federal government public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923110 Administration of Education Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611710 Educational Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Russell, Milton
T1  - BEYOND THE 1990s.
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 1988/03//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Letter
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - Presents a response by Milton Russell to letters to the editor about his article "Environmental Protection for the 1990s -- and Beyond," in the September 1987 issue.
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 13277031; Russell, Milton 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar1988, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p5; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzman, Martin T.
T1  - Pollution Liability Insurance and Catastrophic Environmental Risk.
JO  - Journal of Risk & Insurance
JF  - Journal of Risk & Insurance
Y1  - 1988/03//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 100
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00224367
AB  - Public concern with catastrophic consequences of chemical releases into the environment resulted in the passage of RCRA and Superfund legislation, which establish financial responsibility requirements. These acts encourage the creation of a market in pollution liability insurance for purposes of risk spreading, safety regulation, and victim compensation. This article analyzes policy alternatives for regulating catastrophic risks, the insurability of pollution liabilities, factors contributing to the rise and fall of the market, and conditions under which markets could be resuscitated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Risk & Insurance is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTION liability insurance
KW  - LIABILITY insurance
KW  - RISK
KW  - ASSET requirements
KW  - PENSIONS
KW  - INSURANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 5131751; Katzman, Martin T. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Professor of Economics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas; 2: Senior Economist, Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar88, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p75; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTION liability insurance; Thesaurus Term: LIABILITY insurance; Thesaurus Term: RISK; Thesaurus Term: ASSET requirements; Thesaurus Term: PENSIONS; Thesaurus Term: INSURANCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524298 All Other Insurance Related Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524292 Third Party Administration of Insurance and Pension Funds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525190 Other Insurance Funds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524129 Other direct insurance (except life, health and medical) carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524126 Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 524125 Direct liability insurance carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 526111 Trusteed pension funds; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pederson, Shane K.
T1  - The Analysis of Linear Models (Book).
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1988/03//
VL  - 83
IS  - 401
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 271
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews the book "The Analysis of Linear Models," by R.R. Hocking.
KW  - LINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HOCKING, R. R.
KW  - ANALYSIS of Linear Models, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 4610238; Pederson, Shane K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar1988, Vol. 83 Issue 401, p271; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ANALYSIS of Linear Models, The (Book); People: HOCKING, R. R.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillsman, Edward L.
AU  - Alvic, Donald R.
AU  - Church, Richard L.
T1  - BUILD-1: A disaggregate model of the U.S. electric utility industry.
JO  - European Journal of Operational Research
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
Y1  - 1988/04//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 44
SN  - 03772217
AB  - We present a linear programming model of the U.S. electric utility industry which explicitly represents each of the nation's 300 electric utilities and the options each has for meeting demand for electric energy. The model has been designed to estimate how the utility industry would respond to changes in policy or energy markets, especially in the present period of slow growth in demand and limited opportunities for expansion. By estimating the use, upgrading, retrofitting, and retirement of individual generating facilities with known geographical coordinates, the model provides the geographically detailed results needed by models of pollutant transport and other regional environmental impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Operational Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - ELECTRIC industries
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - PUBLIC utilities
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - DEMAND (Economic theory)
KW  - ESTIMATES
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Energy
KW  - linear programming
KW  - systems
N1  - Accession Number: 8513344; Hillsman, Edward L. 1; Alvic, Donald R. 2; Church, Richard L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2: Energy, Environment and Resource Center, The University of Tennessee/Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA; 3: Department of Geography, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Issue Info: Apr88, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p30; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC industries; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY industries; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC utilities; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: DEMAND (Economic theory); Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATES; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY policy; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221118 Other Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slansky, R.
T1  - High Energy Physics 1985 (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1988/05//May/Jun88
VL  - 76
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 294
EP  - 294
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "High Energy Physics 1985," edited by Mark J. Bowick and Feza Gursey.
KW  - Physics
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Bowick, Mark J.
KW  - Gürsey, Feza
KW  - High Energy Physics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11973561; Slansky, R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: May/Jun88, Vol. 76 Issue 3, p294; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: High Energy Physics (Book); People: Bowick, Mark J.; People: Gürsey, Feza; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spies, R.
AU  - Rice, D.
AU  - Felton, J.
T1  - Effects of organic contaminants on reproduction of the starry flounder Platichthys stellatus in San Francisco Bay.
JO  - Marine Biology
JF  - Marine Biology
Y1  - 1988/05//
VL  - 98
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 189
SN  - 00253162
AB  - Concentrations of neutral organic contaminants and activities of microsomal P-450 mixed-function oxidase (MFO) were measured in the livers of the starry flounder Platichthys stellatus (Pallas), collected from more- and less-contaminated sites in San Francisco Bay, during the 1984-1985 reproductive season. Starry flounder collected at the Berkeley (Bk) site, located in the more urbanized central portion of San Francisco Bay, had greater liver concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) (fluorescence equivalents of pyrene) than those collected at a site in northern San Pablo Bay (SP), where urban development is less intense and more distant. Hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity, a particular MFO, in males and in gonadally immature females fluctuated significantly from September 1984 through April 1985 with the Bk population exhibiting significantly greater activities during this period. Site differences were especially notable during the time of spawning (January-March), as AHH activities of starry flounder from SP declined and those from Bk remained elevated. These site differences appear to be due to P-450 isozymes (e.g. P-450E) whose activities are inducible by some PCBs and PAHs, as males and gonadally immature females from the two sites were not different in their hepatic AHH activities when assayed in the presence of an inhibitor of P-450E, 7,8-benzoflavone (7,8-BF). Greatly reduced hepatic AHH activities in females coincided with the onset of vitellogenesis; however, a comparison of female starry flounder bearing yolky eggs from the two sites during several successive reproductive seasons indicated significantly greater AHH activity in those caught at Bk than those from SP. There was a linear relationship between hepatic AHH activity and its inhibition by 7,8-BF in all P. stellatus assayed and more than 98% of individuals caught in San Francisco Bay had hepatic AHH activites that were suppressed by 7,8-BF. Therefore, widespread induction of hepatic microsomal P-450 by PAH-type compounds in San Francisco Bay is indicated and, further, P-450 induction is apparent in female starry flounder in a portion of San Francisco Bay during gametogenesis and the time of spawning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Research
KW  - Organic water pollutants
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Starry flounder
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Gametogenesis
KW  - Oxidase test (Microbiology)
KW  - Hydroxylases
N1  - Accession Number: 71122166; Spies, R. 1; Rice, D. 1; Felton, J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 94550 Livermore USA; 2: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 94550 Livermore USA; Issue Info: 1988, Vol. 98 Issue 2, p181; Thesaurus Term: Research; Thesaurus Term: Organic water pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Reproduction; Thesaurus Term: Starry flounder; Thesaurus Term: Polychlorinated biphenyls; Thesaurus Term: Gametogenesis; Subject Term: Oxidase test (Microbiology); Subject Term: Hydroxylases; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00391193
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
T1  - Regional Dynamics: Studies in Adjustment Theory (Book).
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 362
EP  - 364
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - Reviews the book "Regional Dynamics: Studies in Adjustment Theory," by Gordon L. Clark, Meric S. Gertler and John Whiteman.
KW  - Regional economics
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - adjustment model.
KW  - neoclassical
KW  - regional economics
KW  - Clark, Gordon L.
KW  - Gertler, Meric S.
KW  - Whiteman, John
KW  - Regional Dynamics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12966468; Jones, Donald W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205.; Issue Info: Jun88, Vol. 78 Issue 2, p362; Subject Term: Regional economics; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Author-Supplied Keyword: adjustment model.; Author-Supplied Keyword: neoclassical; Author-Supplied Keyword: regional economics; Reviews & Products: Regional Dynamics (Book); People: Clark, Gordon L.; People: Gertler, Meric S.; People: Whiteman, John; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ApSimon, H.M.
AU  - Gudiksen, P.
AU  - Khitrov, L.
AU  - Rodhe, H.
AU  - Yoshikawa, T.
T1  - LESSON FROM CHERNOBYL. Modeling the Dispersal and Deposition of Radionuclides. (cover story)
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 21
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - This article focuses on the theoretical models simulating the processes that affect radioactivity transport and deposition used in conjunction with the observations on radionuclides released after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine.  During the initial explosions, material containing spent fuel enriched with noble gases and volatile nuclides of iodine, tellurium and cesium was ejected into the atmosphere. Gravitational settling of the coarser material released over the first five days dominated the deposition pattern close to the site. Scientists have used modeling results in conjunction with observations to reduce the quantities of various nuclides released from the Chernobyl reactor and their variation in time. The emissions from the Chernobyl accident cannot be compared in magnitude with the fallout to be expected from an exchange of nuclear weapons, not even after the reductions envisaged in the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. The studies of the dispersion and deposition of readionuclide releases from Chernobyl have shown clearly that radionuclides may be transported over long distances and that this process can be predicted by mathematical models.
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - Nuclear reactions
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Power plants
KW  - Ukraine
KW  - Mathematical Methods &hyphen; General
KW  - Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 8800009146; ApSimon, H.M. 1; Gudiksen, P. 2; Khitrov, L. 3; Rodhe, H. 4; Yoshikawa, T. 5; Affiliations: 1: Air Pollution Group, Mechanical Engineering Department, Imperial College, London; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; 3: Vernadsky Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences; 4: Professor, Department of Meteorology, University of Stockholm; 5: Head, Applied Meteorology Laboratory, Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba City, Japan; Issue Info: Jun88, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p17; Thesaurus Term: Radioactivity; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactions; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Power plants; Subject: Ukraine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical Methods &hyphen; General; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapiro, Charles S.
T1  - Radiological Effects of Nuclear War. (cover story)
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 41
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - This article discusses the direct radiological effects of nuclear explosions.  Radioactive fallout from nuclear explosions is often classified as local fallout deposited on the Earth's surface during the first 24 hours. Local fallout is projected to be more serious in terms of biological impact. It can extend many hundreds of kilometers downwind of sites targeted with nuclear ground bursts. The possible targeting of civilian and military nuclear fuel cycle facilities such as reactors, spent fuel stores, high-level waste facilities and fuel reprocessing plants has the potential of additionally contributing significantly over the long term to the burden of radioactivity on both the local and global scale. The uncertainties in these estimates can be divided into three categories: the targeting scenario, the fallout calculation models and the selected meteorological conditions. There can be additional body and organ dose from radioactivity that is carried inside the body by the ingestion of food and water contaminated by local fallout. The internal dose to an individual is sensitive to many factors that vary greatly depending on local circumstances.
KW  - Nuclear explosions
KW  - Nuclear warfare
KW  - Radioactive fallout
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - Biology
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - USSR and U.S.
N1  - Accession Number: 8800014538; Shapiro, Charles S. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Professor of Physics, San Francisco State University; 2: Consultant, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jun88, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p39; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear explosions; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear warfare; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive fallout; Thesaurus Term: Radioactivity; Thesaurus Term: Biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: USSR and U.S.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmover, Richard L
T1  - Linear Interpolation With a Nonparametric Accelerated Failure-Time Model.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 83
IS  - 402
M3  - Article
SP  - 441
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Assuming a  accelerated failure-time model, a method is proposed for extrapolating low stress-response probabilities on negative-sloping line segments in the stress-failure-time plane. The method (analogous to linear interpolation in dose-response studies) results in simultaneous extrapolation ahead in time and down in stress. In the two-sample (two stress level) setting, a goodness-of-fit test of the nonparametric model is considered and two hypothesis tests are proposed, each pertaining to a condition that (in addition to the assumed model) must be met for the method to be valid. The method is illustrated with censored strand-life data, and some simulated examples are used to consider power and robustness. The failure-time model is a scale family with curvature constraints. The failure probability is assumed to be a sigmoid function of the product of time and a sigmoid scaling function of stress. Time percentiles as functions of stress are assumed to be convex. The goodness-of-fit test is of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov type. Given data at stresses x[sub 1] and x[sub 2], the linear interpolation procedure requires a negative-sloping line such that (a) the failure probability increases along the line as the stress increases from x[sub 1] to x[sub 2], and (b) at the point on the line at x[sub 1] the ratio of the failure probability to time increases in time. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov hypothesis test is used to support (a), and a binomial probability test is used for (b). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONPARAMETRIC statistics
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - FAILURE time data analysis
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - GOODNESS-of-fit tests
KW  - BINOMIAL distribution
KW  - Accelerated testing
KW  - Extrapolation
KW  - Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
KW  - Life testing.
N1  - Accession Number: 4609083; Schmover, Richard L 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Statistician, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831.; Issue Info: Jun88, Vol. 83 Issue 402, p441; Thesaurus Term: NONPARAMETRIC statistics; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: FAILURE time data analysis; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: GOODNESS-of-fit tests; Subject Term: BINOMIAL distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerated testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extrapolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life testing.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hora, Stephen C.
AU  - Iman, Ronald L.
T1  - Asymptotic Relative Efficiencies of the Rank-Transformation Procedure in Randomized Complete Block Designs.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 83
IS  - 402
M3  - Article
SP  - 462
SN  - 01621459
AB  - This article provides insight into the powers of alternative tests for experimental effects in the presence of a blocking factor. Three rank tests and the usual F test are compared using asymptotic relative efficiencies (ARE's). Rank tests provide a useful alternative method of analysis when the assumptions of the F test are not met. Further, rank tests are usually more powerful than the F test when outliers are present or when the distribution of the data possesses heavy tails. The rank tests studied are Friedman's test, the aligned-ranks test, and the rank-transformation procedure. The rank-transformation test consists of ranking all of the data as one sample and then applying the usual F test to the ranks. Two main themes form the body of the article. The first theme is the development of the limiting noncentrality parameter of the rank-transformation statistic. The development uses the methods popularized by Hajek and Sidak (1967). A lemma is given that establishes the joint limiting distribution of individually asymptotically normal dependent random variables, if such a distribution exists. This lemma may have application outside the area studied here. The second theme is the evaluation of the ARE's among the four tests. Six distinct situations are analyzed. These situations are generated by selecting from several within-block densities and from several types of block effects that include location shifts and scale changes. The ARE's of the aligned-ranks test and Friedman's test relative to the usual F test are shown to be affected by the number of experimental factors, whereas the ARE of the rank-transformation procedure is not affected. Conversely, the ARE of the rank-transformation test is... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC efficiencies (Statistics)
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - BLOCK designs
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - Aligned ranks
KW  - Analysis of variance
KW  - Friedman's test.
N1  - Accession Number: 4609153; Hora, Stephen C. 1; Iman, Ronald L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Professor of Business Administration, Division of Business and Economics, University of Hawaii at Hilo, HI 96720- 4091.; 2: Member of the technical staff, Division 6415, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185.; Issue Info: Jun88, Vol. 83 Issue 402, p462; Thesaurus Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICAL hypothesis testing; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC efficiencies (Statistics); Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: BLOCK designs; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aligned ranks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analysis of variance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friedman's test.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA
T1  - Physical design of temporal databases
JO  - Report No: DE90008067/HCW
JF  - Report No: DE90008067/HCW
Y1  - 1988/06//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The primary focus of research into temporal databases has been on logical data modeling. Yet, the feasibility of implementing such databases depends as much on the development of retrieval and storage structures that are suited to the unique nature of temporal data. This paper discusses the major parameters that impact the physical design and distinguish temporal databases from conventional ones. This is followed by a proposal of structures to support the efficient processing common single-relation temporal queries. 3 figs., 4 tabs.
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - INFORMATION retrieval
KW  - Information storage
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2503426; Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA; Source Info: Jun 1988; Note: Update Code: 2500; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: DESIGN; Subject Term: INFORMATION retrieval; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information storage; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paige, Frank E.
T1  - The Scientists' Bookshelf: Physical Sciences.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1988/07//Jul/Aug88
VL  - 76
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Proceedings of the XVII International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics," edited by M. Markytan, W. Majerotto and J. MacNaughton.
KW  - Markytan, M.
KW  - Majerotto, W.
KW  - Macnaughton, J.
KW  - Proceedings of the XVII International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11802344; Paige, Frank E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jul/Aug88, Vol. 76 Issue 4, p1; Reviews & Products: Proceedings of the XVII International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (Book); People: Markytan, M.; People: Majerotto, W.; People: Macnaughton, J.; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soll, Jürgen
AU  - Bennett, John
T1  - Localization of a 64-kDa phosphoprotein in the lumen between the outer and inner envelopes of pea chloroplasts.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1988/08//8/1/88
VL  - 175
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 307
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The identification and localization of a marker protein for the intermembrane space between the outer and inner chloroplast envelopes is described. This 64-kDa protein is very rapidly labeled by [γ-32P]ATP at very low (30 nM) ATP concentrations and the phosphoryl group exhibits a high turnover rate. It was possible to establish the presence of the 64-kDa protein in this plastid compartment by using different chloroplast envelope separation and isolation techniques. In addition comparison of labeling kinetics by intact and hypotonically lysed pea chloroplasts support the localization of the 64-kDa protein in the intermembrane space. The 64-kDa protein was present and could be labeled in mixed envelope membranes isolated from hypotonically lysed plastids. Mixed envelope membranes incorporated high amounts of 32P from [γ-32P]ATP into the 64-kDa protein, whereas separated outer and inner envelope membranes did not show significant phosphorylation of this protein. Water/ Triton X-114 phase partitioning demonstrated that the 64-kDa protein is a hydrophilic polypeptide. These findings suggest that the 64-kDa protein is a soluble protein trapped in the space between the inner and outer envelope membranes. After sonication of mixed envelope membranes, the 64-kDa protein was no longer present in the membrane fraction, but could be found in the supernatant after a 110000 x <em>g</em> centrifugation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PLASTIDS
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
N1  - Accession Number: 21133965; Soll, Jürgen 1; Bennett, John 2; Source Information: 8/1/88, Vol. 175 Issue 2, p301; Subject: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject: PROTEINS; Subject: PLASTIDS; Subject: PHOSPHORYLATION; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edel, Mark
T1  - The Tinkertoy Graphical Programming Environment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 1988/08//
Y1  - 1988/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1110
EP  - 1115
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Tinkertoy is a graphic interface to Lisp, where programs are "built" rather than written, out of icons and flexible interconnections. It is exciting because it represents a computer/user interface that can easily exceed the interaction speed of the best text-based language editors and command languages. It also provides a consistent framework for interaction across both editing and command execution. Moreover, because programs are represented graphically, structures that do not naturally conform to the text medium can be clearly described, and new kinds of information can be incorporated into pro- grams and program elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14315954; Source Information: Aug88, Vol. 14 Issue 8, p1110; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 6p; ; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andersen, C. P.
AU  - Markhart III, A. H.
AU  - Dixon, R. K.
AU  - Sucoff, E. I.
T1  - Root hydraulic conductivity of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal green ash seedlings.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1988/08//
VL  - 109
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
EP  - 471
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Green ash (<em>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</em> Marsh.) was either inoculated or not with <em>Glomus etunicatum</em> Becker and Gerd. and grown for 37 d to permit root colonization. Root hydraulic conductivity (<em>L</em>p) per unit length was measured on excised root systems to examine the influence of vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhiza inoculation, seedling size, phosphorus (P) nutrition, and biomass distribution. Fertilization with P eliminated significant differences in seedling size and dry matter distribution between mycorrhizal (M) and non-mycorrhizal (NM) seedlings, but VA mycorrhizas increased root and leaf P concentration. Root <em>L</em>p was similar in M and NM seedlings of similar size, and was lower in M seedlings for a given root P concentration. Root <em>L</em>p decreased with age and weight, and increased as the proportion of dry weight in the leaves increased in both M and NM seedlings. Mycorrhizal colonization had no significant effect on root <em>L</em>p in the absence of a significant growth response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas
KW  - Colonization (Ecology)
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Green ash
KW  - <em>Fraxinus pennsylvanica
KW  - Glomus etunicatum</em>
KW  - root hydraulic conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12356675; Andersen, C. P. 1; Markhart III, A. H. 2; Dixon, R. K. 3; Sucoff, E. I. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA; 2: Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; 3: School of Forestry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; 4: Department of Forest Resources, College of Forestry, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; Issue Info: Aug88, Vol. 109 Issue 4, p465; Thesaurus Term: Seedlings; Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus; Thesaurus Term: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas; Thesaurus Term: Colonization (Ecology); Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Subject Term: Green ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Fraxinus pennsylvanica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glomus etunicatum</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: root hydraulic conductivity; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - GEN
AU  - Grimshaw, Caroline A.
T1  - Letters to the Editor.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1988/09//Sep/Oct88
VL  - 76
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 432
EP  - 432
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about the probability distribution of the number of matched pairs.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Probability measures
N1  - Accession Number: 11887929; Grimshaw, Caroline A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Nuclear Energy, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: Sep/Oct88, Vol. 76 Issue 5, p432; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Probability measures; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oen, Carol
AU  - Cooper, Marianne
T1  - Professional Identity and the Information Professional.
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science
Y1  - 1988/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
EP  - 357
SN  - 00028231
AB  - Today's information professionals are a varied lot, using a variety of labels to describe who they are and what they do. Many have multiple competencies which, along with their strong reliance on technologies, make it difficult for them to develop long-lasting, much less permanent, professional identities. The article explores the role, value, and qualities of labels in establishing professional identity and observes that labels can serve well only if common definitions of competencies prevail. The authors conclude that formal education is the key to unifying the information profession thus assuring that its practitioners will have a common focus with which to identify. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Information Science is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - INFORMATION professionals
KW  - INFORMATION services
KW  - KNOWLEDGE workers
KW  - LIBRARIANS
KW  - EDUCATION
N1  - Accession Number: 16796287; Oen, Carol 1; Cooper, Marianne 2; Affiliations: 1: Information Research and Analysis Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831.; 2: Graduate School of Library and Information Studies, Queens College -- City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367.; Issue Info: Sep1988, Vol. 39 Issue 5, p355; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION resources management; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION professionals; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION services; Thesaurus Term: KNOWLEDGE workers; Thesaurus Term: LIBRARIANS; Subject Term: EDUCATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611710 Educational Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923110 Administration of Education Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skrukrud, C. L.
AU  - Taylor, S. E.
AU  - Hawkins, D. R.
AU  - Nemethy, E. K.
AU  - Calvin, M.
T1  - Subcellular fractionation of triterpenoid biosynthesis in <em>Euphorbia lathyris</em> latex.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1988/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 316
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Latex isolated from laticifer cells of <em>Euphorbia lathyris</em> maintained its ability to synthesize triterpenols (and their esters) from acetate. When the latex was centrifugated at 5000 <em>g</em> for 15 mm, this biosynthetic activity could be subdivided into two separate fractions: the acetate to β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A activity remained in the supernatant, while the β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A to triterpenol activity was pelleted. Further purification of the pellet by isopycnic centrifugation on Percoll gradients yielded at least three particles: latex particles, starch grains, and a single membrane-bound organelle. Electron micrographs were made of all of these latex particles. The single membrane-bound organelle was only observed in the region of the density gradient that exhibited the ability to incorporate mevalonic acid into the triterpenoids. In addition, the enzyme β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (EC 1.1.1.34) was found in the 5000 <em>g</em> pellet, while β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A lyase (EC 4.1.3.4) remained in the super- natant.
KW  - Centrifugation
KW  - Latex
KW  - Esters
KW  - Coenzymes
KW  - Mevalonic acid
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase
KW  - <em>Euphorbia lathyris</em>
KW  - hydrocarbons
KW  - isoprenoids
KW  - latex particles.
N1  - Accession Number: 13066174; Skrukrud, C. L. 1; Taylor, S. E. 2; Hawkins, D. R. 3; Nemethy, E. K. 2; Calvin, M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Dept of Biological Science (M/C 066), Univ of Illinois at Chicago, Box 4348, Chicago, IL 60680, USA.; 2: Dept of Chemistry and Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; 3: Rohm and Haas Co., 727 Norristown Road, Springhouse, PA 19477, USA.; Issue Info: Oct88, Vol. 74 Issue 2, p306; Thesaurus Term: Centrifugation; Subject Term: Latex; Subject Term: Esters; Subject Term: Coenzymes; Subject Term: Mevalonic acid; Subject Term: Electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Euphorbia lathyris</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: isoprenoids; Author-Supplied Keyword: latex particles.; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13066174
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huston, Michael
AU  - DeAngelis, Donald
AU  - Post, Wilfred
T1  - New computer models unify ecological theory.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 682
EP  - 691
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Argues that the individual organism is a logical basic unit for the modeling of ecological phenomena, and that individual-based models allow ecological modelers to investigate types of questions that have been difficult or impossible using the state-variable approach.  Mention of the Ideal Gas Law of physics, which statistically uses the single state variable of pressure; Observation that in ecological systems, amplifying effects can arise from spatial nonuniformities and variations in the environmental conditions that each organism experiences; Way that traditional population-modeling approaches represent feeding as a continuous process, with the rate determined by the densities of the resource and consumer populations; Conclusion that the interactions within and among populations in nature are inherently local, and that an individual organism directly affects and is affected by other individuals that, by virtue of its fixed location or movements, it contacts.
KW  - Population biology
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Animals -- Population biology
KW  - Plants -- Population biology
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Animal ecology
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Ideal gas law
N1  - Accession Number: 8800028658; Huston, Michael 1; DeAngelis, Donald 1; Post, Wilfred 1; Affiliations: 1: Staff member of the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036; Issue Info: Nov88, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p682; Thesaurus Term: Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Animals -- Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Plants -- Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Animal ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Subject Term: Ideal gas law; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 8304
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane K.
T1  - TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 708
EP  - 709
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Genes, Cells and Organisms," edited by John Moore.
KW  - Genes
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Genes, Cells & Organisms (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9002051190; Setlow, Jane K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Nov88, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p708; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Genes, Cells & Organisms (Book); Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1205
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonn, Bruce
AU  - Kunz, Don
AU  - Hosack, Glen
T1  - An Application of Knowledge-Based Systems to Navy Budget Analysis.
JO  - Interfaces
JF  - Interfaces
Y1  - 1988/11//Nov/Dec88
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
EP  - 122
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00922102
AB  - Knowledge-based systems employ expert knowledge and problem-solving strategies to provide interactive decision support. They can significantly improve productivity in large public organizations by overcoming limitations in employees' knowledge, attention, and cognitive processing. We designed a prototype system to analyze Navy budget submissions for the US Naval Sea Systems Command. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Interfaces is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPERT systems (Computer science)
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - DECISION support systems
KW  - MANAGEMENT information systems
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - TELEMATICS
KW  - COGNITION
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Navy
N1  - Accession Number: 6686827; Tonn, Bruce 1; Kunz, Don 2; Hosack, Glen 3; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2: Applied Management Science, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland; 3: Advanced Ordnance Technologies, Fort Washington Road, Maryland; Issue Info: Nov/Dec88, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p114; Thesaurus Term: EXPERT systems (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: PROBLEM solving; Thesaurus Term: DECISION support systems; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT information systems; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: TELEMATICS; Subject Term: COGNITION; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Navy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor Jr., George E.
AU  - Ross-Todd, B. Monty
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
T1  - Action of ozone on foliar gas exchange in Glycine max L. Merr: a potential role for endogenous stress ethylene.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 110
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 307
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - A rapid surge in the foliar production of ethylene (C2H2), a growth regulator, is a well documented phonomenon in plants experiencing a variety of environmental stresses. The physiological significance of this stress-induced C2H2 is not resolved. Because exogenous C2H2 can induce changes in foliar gas exchange in a variety of plant species, we tested the hypothesis that the endogenous production of stress C2H2 due to the representative environmental stress of ozone (O3) is linked to observed changes in stomatal conductance to water vapour (gsH2o) and carbon dioxide assimilation (A) in Glicine max (L.) Merr. This objective was accomplished using seedlings in hydroponic culture which were administered aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), a metabolic inhibitor of stress C2H2 synthesis, and subsequently challenged with O3. The responsiveness to O2 stress of gsH2o and A was either substantially diminished (A) or eliminated gsH2o when stress C2H2 production in the leaf interior was metabolically inhibited by AVG. These data support the hypothesis that the rapid surge in production of stress C2H2 in response to chronic-level stresses in general and O2 specifically is not simply an indicator of the plant's physiological activity but rather is a chemical messenger or trigger that subsequently mediates some of the notable changes in carbon gain, stomatal physiology, and water use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ethylene
KW  - Plants
KW  - Effect of stress on plants
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Glycine (Plants)
KW  - Stomata
KW  - CO2 assimilation
KW  - Foliar gas exchange
KW  - ozone
KW  - stomatal physiology.
KW  - stress ethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 12362558; Taylor Jr., George E. 1; Ross-Todd, B. Monty 1; Gunderson, Carla A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A..; Issue Info: Nov88, Vol. 110 Issue 3, p301; Thesaurus Term: Ethylene; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Effect of stress on plants; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Glycine (Plants); Subject Term: Stomata; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foliar gas exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal physiology.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress ethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cook, B. D.
AU  - Jastrow, J. D.
AU  - Miller, R. M.
T1  - Root and mycorrhizal endophyte development in a chronosequence of restored tallgrass prairie.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 110
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
EP  - 362
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The relationships between root and mycorrhizal development were investigated at the community level for a chronosequence consisting of restored tallgrass prairie (including plots in the second, fifth, eighth and eleventh growing season) and a virgin prairie remnant. Fibrous (≤ 1 mm diameter) root length increased across the chronosequence, with the greatest length occurring in the prairie remnant. After an initial increase between the second and fifth growing seasons, the percentage of fibrous roots colonized by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi declined. However, this decline did not truly reflect the mycorrhizal association in this system because the length of fibrous roots colonized by mycorrhizal fungi did not decrease after the fifth growing season but instead remained essentially constant throughout the remainder of the chronosequence. Evaluation of the data by fibrous root size classes indicated that increases in root length and colonized root length occurred largely in the smaller size class (< 0.2 mm diameter); in contrast, percentage colonization and the density of intraradical fungal structures was greater in the larger size class (0.2- 1 mm diameter). The importance of thoroughly evaluating responses of mycorrhizal fungi relative to host responses was demonstrated in a field situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Soil fungi
KW  - Mycology
KW  - Plant colonization
KW  - Mycorrhizal fungi
KW  - colonization
KW  - restoration.
KW  - root density
KW  - tallgrass prairie
KW  - Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza
N1  - Accession Number: 12362634; Cook, B. D. 1; Jastrow, J. D. 2; Miller, R. M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Soil Science Department, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.; 2: Biological Environmental and Medical Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Issue Info: Nov88, Vol. 110 Issue 3, p355; Thesaurus Term: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas; Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Soil fungi; Thesaurus Term: Mycology; Thesaurus Term: Plant colonization; Subject Term: Mycorrhizal fungi; Author-Supplied Keyword: colonization; Author-Supplied Keyword: restoration.; Author-Supplied Keyword: root density; Author-Supplied Keyword: tallgrass prairie; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rahm, Diane
AU  - Bozeman, Barry
AU  - Crow, Michael
T1  - Domestic Technology Transfer and Competitiveness: An Empirical Assessment of Roles of University and Governmental R&D Laboratories.
JO  - Public Administration Review
JF  - Public Administration Review
Y1  - 1988/11//Nov/Dec88
VL  - 48
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 969
EP  - 978
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00333352
AB  - Domestic technology transfer has become a highly discussed issue lately, for it is one of the central elements in the debate on U.S. competitiveness. Policy initiatives, especially those of the last decade, have sought to promote cooperation between research done in university and governmental laboratories and its utilization by industry. This article reviews recent developments in public policy for domestic technology transfer and presents results of data developed from Phase II the National Comparative R&D Laboratory Project (NCRDP), the second stage of an ongoing project aimed at determining the performance and sources of influence in the United States's R&D laboratory system. Findings from the data are discussed within the framework of recent policy initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Public Administration Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TECHNOLOGY transfer
KW  - UNIVERSITIES & colleges
KW  - GOVERNMENT research & development contracts
KW  - INDUSTRIAL research
KW  - COMPETITION
KW  - POLITICAL planning
KW  - DEBATES & debating
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 4593399; Rahm, Diane 1; Bozeman, Barry 2; Crow, Michael 3; Affiliations: 1: Pennsylvania State University.; 2: Syracuse University.; 3: Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory.; Issue Info: Nov/Dec88, Vol. 48 Issue 6, p969; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY transfer; Thesaurus Term: UNIVERSITIES & colleges; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT research & development contracts; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL research; Subject Term: COMPETITION; Subject Term: POLITICAL planning; Subject Term: DEBATES & debating; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saperstein, Alvin M.
AU  - Mayer-Kress, Gottfried
T1  - A Nonlinear Dynamical Model of the Impact of SDI on the Arms Race.
JO  - Journal of Conflict Resolution
JF  - Journal of Conflict Resolution
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 636
EP  - 670
SN  - 00220027
AB  - We present numerical results from a nonlinear dynamical model with discrete time that simulates the implications of ballistic missile defense systems (SDI) on the arms race between the two superpowers. As dynamical variables we introduce the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), antiballistic missile systems (ABMs) and anti-ABM systems such as antisatellite weapons (ASAT) of each of the two sides. The time evolution of these systems (arms race) is simulated numerically under various parameter assumptions (scenarios). The a priori unpredictability of human decisions is simulated through random fluctuations of the buildup parameters. The results of our idealized model indicate that for most parameter combinations, the introduction of SDI systems leads to an extension of the offensive arms race rather than a transition to a defense-dominated strategic configuration. A reduction in the number of offensive weapons, that is, an approach to a defense-dominated strategy, was observed if either the number of reentry vehicles per ICBM (MIRV) is limited to much smaller values than presently realized or if the accuracy of offensive weapons is significantly reduced. For the case of a strongly accelerated arms buildup (either offensive or defensive), we observe a loss of stability of the solutions that we interpret as a transition to unpredictable chaos. We also incorporate a discussion of economic and risk parameters, both of which also tend to increase with the introduction of SDI systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Conflict Resolution is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - BALLISTIC missile defenses
KW  - MILITARY strategy
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - Mathematical Methods &hyphen; General
KW  - Peaceful Exploration of Space
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - USSR and U.S.
N1  - Accession Number: 4563512; Saperstein, Alvin M. 1; Mayer-Kress, Gottfried 2; Source Information: Dec88, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p636; Subject: ARMS race; Subject: BALLISTIC missile defenses; Subject: MILITARY strategy; Subject: MILITARY weapons; Subject: INTERNATIONAL security; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical Methods &hyphen; General; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful Exploration of Space; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: USSR and U.S.; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zehr, Jonathan P.
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - PATHWAY OF AMMONIUM ASSIMILATION IN A MARINE DIATOM DETERMINED WITH THE RADIOTRACER [sup13]N.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 588
EP  - 591
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - In unicellular algae, ammonium can be assimilated into glutamate through the action of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or into glutamine through the sequential activities of glutamine synthetase and glutamate 2-oxoglutarate amidotransferase (GS-GOGAT pathway). We have shown that the first radio-labeled product of assimilation of [sup13]NH[sub4,sup+] (t[sub1/2] = 10 min) was glutamine in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hustedt). When GS-GOGAT was inhibited with methionine sulfoximine, the incorporation of radioactivity into both glutamine and glutamate was blocked, implying that the radio lobeled glutamate is formed from glutamine. Glutamine was also the first labeled product when the intracellular concentration of ammonium was elevated by preincubation with unlabeled ammonium. The results indicate that the GS-GOGAT pathway is the primary pathway for the assimilation of nitrogen in T. pseudonana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ammonium
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Thalassiosira
KW  - Glutamine
KW  - Thalassiosiraceae
KW  - ammonium
KW  - glutamate dehydrogenase
KW  - GS-GOGAT pathway
KW  - nitrogen assimilation
KW  - Thalassiosira.
N1  - Accession Number: 11565176; Zehr, Jonathan P. 1; Falkowski, Paul G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794.; 2: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Upton. New York 11973.; Issue Info: Dec88, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p588; Thesaurus Term: Ammonium; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Subject Term: Thalassiosira; Subject Term: Glutamine; Subject Term: Thalassiosiraceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: ammonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: glutamate dehydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: GS-GOGAT pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thalassiosira.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11565176
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, T. J.
AU  - Beauchamp, J. J.
T1  - Bayesian Variable Selection in Linear Regression.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 83
IS  - 404
M3  - Article
SP  - 1023
SN  - 01621459
AB  - This article is concerned with the selection of subsets of predictor variables in a linear regression model for the prediction of a dependent variable. It is based on a Bayesian approach, intended to be as objective as possible. A probability distribution is first assigned to the dependent variable through the specification of a family of prior distributions for the unknown parameters in the regression model. The method is not fully Bayesian, however, because the ultimate choice of prior distribution from this family is affected by the data. It is assumed that the predictors represent distinct observables; the corresponding regression coefficients are assigned independent prior distributions. For each regression coefficient subject to deletion from the model, the prior distribution is a mixture of a point mass at 0 and a diffuse uniform distribution elsewhere, that is, a "spike and slab" distribution. The random error component is assigned a normal distribution with mean 0 and standard deviation σ, where ln(σ) has a locally uniform noninformative prior distribution. The appropriate posterior probabilities are derived for each submodel. If the regression coefficients have identical priors, the posterior distribution depends only on the data and the parameter y, which is the height of the spike divided by the height of the slab for the common prior distribution. This parameter is not assigned a probability distribution; instead, it is considered a parameter that indexes the members of a class of Bayesian methods. Graphical methods are proposed as informal guides for choosing 7, assessing the complexity of the response function and the strength of the individual predictor variables, and assessing the ° of uncertainty about the best submodel. The following plots against &γ; are suggested: (a) posterior probability that a particular regression coefficient is 0; (b) posterior... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - LINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - STANDARD deviations
KW  - Cross-validation
KW  - Linear models
KW  - Subset selection.
N1  - Accession Number: 4608518; Mitchell, T. J. 1; Beauchamp, J. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Research Staff Member, Mathematical Sciences Section, Engineering Physics and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831.; Issue Info: Dec88, Vol. 83 Issue 404, p1023; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR models (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: STANDARD deviations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linear models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subset selection.; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Verrill, Steve
AU  - Johnson, Richard A.
T1  - Tables and Large-Sample Distribution Theory for Censored-Data Correlation Statistics for Testing Normality.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 83
IS  - 404
M3  - Article
SP  - 1192
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Plotting order statistics versus some variant of the normal scores is a standard graphical technique for assessing the assumption of normality. To obtain an objective evaluation of the normal assumption, it is customary to calculate the correlation coefficient associated with this plot. The Shapiro-Francia statistic is the square of the correlation between the observed order statistics and the expected values of standard normal order statistics, whereas the Shapiro-Wilk statistic also involves the covariances of the standard normal order statistics. In a wide variety of applications, an investigation of the plausibility of the normal (or lognormal) model is needed when the observations on strength or life length are right-censored. The plotting procedure still applies if the observations are censored at a fixed order statistic or a fixed time. Here, the corresponding distribution theory for some modified versions of the Shapiro-Wilk correlation statistic is investigated. Because the asymptotic theory used in this article shows a surprisingly slow rate of convergence even for complete samples, a table of critical values based on a Monte Carlo study is provided. Results from an empirical power study are also presented. Finally, large-sample critical values are obtained and compared with the Monte Carlo values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC distribution (Probability theory)
KW  - ORDER statistics
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - CHARACTERISTIC functions
KW  - Asymptotic distributions
KW  - Modified Shapiro-Wilk statistics
KW  - Normal probability plot
KW  - Small-sample power.
N1  - Accession Number: 4608781; Verrill, Steve 1; Johnson, Richard A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Statistics and Probability Group Leader, Computing and Mathematics Research Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550.; 2: Professor, Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706.; Issue Info: Dec88, Vol. 83 Issue 404, p1192; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC distribution (Probability theory); Subject Term: ORDER statistics; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: CHARACTERISTIC functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asymptotic distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modified Shapiro-Wilk statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Normal probability plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-sample power.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burns, James R.
AU  - Darrell Morgeson, J.
T1  - AN OBJECT-ORIENTED WORLD-VIEW FOR INTELLIGENT DISCRETE, NEXT-EVENT SIMULATION.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 34
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1425
EP  - 1440
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - Concepts from software engineering and knowledge engineering are incorporated into discrete, next-event simulation. The existing, conventional world-view utilized within discrete simulation is reviewed. A construct is presented that makes existing discrete simulation world-views more robust for problems involving endogenous decision-making. The use of knowledge bases and inference engines as mechanisms for modeling such decision making is presented. The result is a simulation world view that is able to simulate systems involving intelligent decision-making entities (actors) whose decisions strongly impact the state of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Management Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - OBJECT-oriented programming (Computer science)
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - DECISION theory
KW  - EXPERT systems (Computer science)
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - KNOWLEDGE base
KW  - INFERENCE (Logic)
KW  - Actor Paradigms
KW  - Knowledge-Based Systems
KW  - Object-Oriented Programming
KW  - SIMULATION
N1  - Accession Number: 7162301; Burns, James R. 1; Darrell Morgeson, J. 2; Affiliations: 1: College of Business Administration, Texas Tech University, P.O. Box 4320, Lubbock, Texas 79409.; 2: Group A-5, Mail Stop F602, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Issue Info: Dec1988, Vol. 34 Issue 12, p1425; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: OBJECT-oriented programming (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: PROBLEM solving; Thesaurus Term: DECISION theory; Thesaurus Term: EXPERT systems (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: KNOWLEDGE base; Subject Term: INFERENCE (Logic); Author-Supplied Keyword: Actor Paradigms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Knowledge-Based Systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Object-Oriented Programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMULATION; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Taylor Jr., George E.
T1  - Kinetics of inhibition of foliar gas exchange by exogenous ethylene: an ultrasensitive response.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 110
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 524
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The objective of this study was to examine the inhibition of foliar gas exchange as a function of ethylene (C2H4) concentration in order to evaluate the potential role of stress C2H4 in mediating changes in gas exchange in response to environmental stress. Net photosynthesis (PN) and stomatal conductance to H2O vapour (gs.H2O) were measured in soybean (<em>Glycine max</em> (L.) Merr cv. Davis) seedings after a 4 h exposure to one of a range of exogenous C2H4 concentrations (0-20 μl l-1) in a controlled environment system. Declines in both PN and gs.H2O shifted from first-order (linear decline) to zero-order (saturation response) with increasing C2H4 concentration. The response of gs.H2O to C2H4 was more pronounced than the response of PN with maximal declines for gs.H2O> of 32-48% and half-maximal response at 0.15 μl l-1. Corresponding parameters for PN were 18-29% inhibition and half-maximal response at 0.35 μl l-1. Both response curves were similar to those documented for C2H4 binding and for hormonally mediated C2H4 actions. Kinetic analysis of the saturation patterns by the Hill equation showed both responses to be ultrasensitive, i.e. they provide a relatively large change in gas exchange for a small change in C2H4 concentration. Based on this ultrasensitivity, we propose that endogenous stress C2H4 mediates some of the responsiveness of gas exchange to environmental stresses of natural and anthropogenic origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Gas exchange in plants
KW  - Ethylene
KW  - Water
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Forage plants
KW  - Stomata
KW  - <em>Glycine max</em>
KW  - gas exchange
KW  - growth regulators.
KW  - stress physiology
N1  - Accession Number: 12363322; Gunderson, Carla A. 1; Taylor Jr., George E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034 USA.; Issue Info: Dec88, Vol. 110 Issue 4, p517; Thesaurus Term: Gas exchange in plants; Thesaurus Term: Ethylene; Thesaurus Term: Water; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Forage plants; Subject Term: Stomata; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Glycine max</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth regulators.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress physiology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - McLaughlin, Samuel B.
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
T1  - Net CO2 exchange of <em>Pinus taeda</em> shoots exposed to variable ozone levels and rain chemistries in field laboratory settings.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
EP  - 642
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Net CO2 exchange rates (CERs) were measured in seedlings of two loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) families following 6- or 13-week exposures to ozone (charcoal-filtered or ambient air + O3 and acid rain treatments (pH 3.3, 4.5 and 5.2). Ozone exposures (14 or 170 nl l-1) were made in open-top chambers, and in continuously stirred tank reactors (14, 160 or 320 nl-1) located in the field and laboratory, respectively. The CERs of whole shoots were measured in an open infrared gas analysis system at 6 levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (0.33, 60, 410, 800 and 1660 μmol m-2 s-1). Treatment effects were not consistent between field- and laboratory-exposed seedlings. Ozone-treated field seedlings exhibited statistically significant reductions in light-saturated CER of 12.5 and 25% when measured at 6 and 13 weeks, respectively. Laboratory seedlings exhibited mixed responses to O3, with one family showing reduced CER only after 6 weeks of O3 exposure and the other only after 13 weeks (O3 > 160 nl l-1 for both). After 13 weeks of exposure, pH 3.3, and 4.5 rain treatments enhanced light-saturated CER by an average of 52% over that observed in seedlings exposed to the pH 5.2 treatment. Enhanced CERs due to acid rain were of the same magnitude (3-5 μmol CO2 g-1s-1)as ozone-induced CER reductions. No differences in dark respiration were detected between treatments. Although ozone and acid rain treatments altered seedling CER, the differences were not translated into altered final plant dry weights over the 13-week exposure period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Shoots (Botany)
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Rain & rainfall
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Loblolly pine
KW  - Yellow pines
KW  - <em>Pinus taeda</em>
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - ozone
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - respiration.
N1  - Accession Number: 13110435; Hanson, Paul J. 1; McLaughlin, Samuel B. 1; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA.; Issue Info: Dec88, Vol. 74 Issue 4, p635; Thesaurus Term: Shoots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Rain & rainfall; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Loblolly pine; Subject Term: Yellow pines; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Pinus taeda</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13110435
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Girrens, Steven P.
T1  - Hygrothermoelasticity (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1989/01//Jan/Feb89
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 93
EP  - 93
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Hygrothermoelasticity," edited by G.C. Sih, J.G. Michopoulos, S.C. Chou.
KW  - Hygrothermoelasticity
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Sih, G. C.
KW  - Michopoulos, J. G.
KW  - Chou, S. C.
KW  - Hygrothermoelasticity (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11973735; Girrens, Steven P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Advanced Engineering Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan/Feb89, Vol. 77 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: Hygrothermoelasticity; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Hygrothermoelasticity (Book); People: Sih, G. C.; People: Michopoulos, J. G.; People: Chou, S. C.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray III, George T.
T1  - Engineering Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructures, Processing and Design (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1989/01//Jan/Feb89
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 95
EP  - 95
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Engineering Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructures, Processing and Design," by Michael F. Ashby and David R.H. Jones.
KW  - Materials
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Ashby, Michael
KW  - Jones, David R. H.
KW  - Engineering Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructures, Processing & Design (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11973742; Gray III, George T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Physical Metallurgy Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan/Feb89, Vol. 77 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: Materials; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Engineering Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructures, Processing & Design (Book); People: Ashby, Michael; People: Jones, David R. H.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knezovich, John
AU  - Lawton, Michael
AU  - Inouye, Laura
T1  - Bioaccumulation and tissue distribution of a quaternary ammonium surfactant in three aquatic species.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1989/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 93
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study which investigates the bioaccumulation and tissue distribution of hexadecylpyridimium bromide (HPB), a quarternary ammonium compound in three aquatic species such as tadpoles, clams, and minnows. The preparation of tritiated HPB was done through catalytic exchange labeling and the organisms were exposed to HPB for 24 hours. The results show that HPB was accumulated in the intestines and gill tissues of the organisms due to its epithelial mucoid cells.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Clams
KW  - Minnows
KW  - Ammonium compounds
KW  - Tadpoles
KW  - Gills
KW  - Intestines
KW  - Catalytic activity
N1  - Accession Number: 70789273; Knezovich, John 1; Lawton, Michael 1; Inouye, Laura 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 94550 Livermore; Issue Info: Jan1989, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p87; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Bioaccumulation; Thesaurus Term: Clams; Thesaurus Term: Minnows; Subject Term: Ammonium compounds; Subject Term: Tadpoles; Subject Term: Gills; Subject Term: Intestines; Subject Term: Catalytic activity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112512 Shellfish Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114113 Salt water fishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411110 Live animal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01699208
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Horwich, George
AD  - Purdue U and Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Horwich, George
A2  - Lynch, Gerald J.
T1  - The Catholic Bishops' Pastoral Draft Statement on American Agriculture: Response
T2  - Food, policy, and politics: A perspective on agriculture and development
PB  - Westview Special Studies in Agriculture Science and Policy
PB  - Boulder, Colo. and London:
PB  - Westview Press
Y1  - 1989///
SP  - 274
EP  - 278
N1  - Accession Number: 0257902; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199203
KW  - Agricultural Situation and Outlook          7120
KW  - Agricultural Policy, Domestic and International          7130
KW  - Relation of Economics to Social Values          0114
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ottenstein, Karl J.
T1  - A Simplified Framework for Reduction in Strength.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 1989/01//
Y1  - 1989/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 93
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Reduction in strength is a traditional transformation for speeding up loop execution on sequential processors. The inverse transformation, induction variable substitution, can a!so speed up loops by decreasing register requirements, although it is typically a normalizing step in the detection of array dependences by parallelizing compilers. This paper presents a simple framework for performing these transformations. In contrast to previous approaches to strength reduction, no unnecessary temporary variables or dead code fragments are introduced, only relevant intermediate language fragments are examined, iteration test replacement is not handled as a special case, and the execution time of the target code is never increased. The method is particularly easy to visualize, making it a useful teaching tool as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEQUENTIAL processing (Computer science)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14281341; Source Information: Jan89, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p86; Subject Term: SEQUENTIAL processing (Computer science); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 6p; ; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Peelle, Elizabeth
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Dysart, Benjamin C., III
A2  - Clawson, Marion
T1  - Innovative Process and Inventive Solutions: Nuclear Waste Packaging Facility Case Study
T2  - Public interest in the use of private lands
PB  - Environmental Regeneration Series
PB  - New York and London:
PB  - Greenwood Press, Praeger
Y1  - 1989///
SP  - 143
EP  - 167
N1  - Accession Number: 0256336; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199203
KW  - Conservation and Pollution          7220
KW  - Energy          7230
KW  - Technological Change and Innovation          6211
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Protopopescu, V.
AU  - Santoro, R. T.
AU  - Dockery, J.
T1  - Combat modeling with partial differential equations.
JO  - European Journal of Operational Research
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
Y1  - 1989/01/25/
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 183
SN  - 03772217
AB  - We propose an extension of the classical modeling of combat via Lanchester equations to include one-dimensional spatial effects. The usual coupled set of ordinary differential (Lanchester) equations is replaced by a system of partial differential equations. We discuss the proposed model, report preliminary numerical results, and consider possible applications and extensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Operational Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - Combat modeling
KW  - Lanchester equations
KW  - military
KW  - ordinary differential equations
KW  - partial differential equations
KW  - spatial dependence
N1  - Accession Number: 7926681; Protopopescu, V. 1; Santoro, R. T. 1; Dockery, J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Engineering Physics and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA; 2: Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Command, Control and Communication, Pentagon, Washington, USA; Issue Info: 1/25/89, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p178; Thesaurus Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combat modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanchester equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: military; Author-Supplied Keyword: ordinary differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: partial differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial dependence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gustafson, John
T1  - Technical Correspondence.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1989/02//
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Letter
SP  - 256
EP  - 264
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents several letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. Attributes of the performance of central processing unit; Information about quantitative method for predicting relative performance of computer hardware characteristics; Comments on model specification, estimation procedures, and interpretation of the estimated model.
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - USER interfaces (Computer systems)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - QUANTITATIVE research
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 17923105; Gustafson, John 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185.; Issue Info: Feb1989, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p256; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION technology; Thesaurus Term: USER interfaces (Computer systems); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: QUANTITATIVE research; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tschaplinski, Timothy J.
AU  - Blake, Trence J.
T1  - The role of sink demand in carbon partitioning and photosynthetic reinvigoration following shoot decapitation.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1989/02//
VL  - 75
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
EP  - 173
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Photosynthesis, growth, and carbon partitioning of vigorous coppice shoots were compared with the slower growing intact shoots of <em>Populus maximowiczii</em> × <em>nigra</em> L. MN9 to determine the relationship between carbon partitioning and photosynthetic rate. Relative height growth rate of coppice shoots was 2.2 times that of intact shoots with net photosynthetic rate 1.9 times that of intact shoots. Coppice leaves exported a larger proportion of newly-fixed assimilate (11% compared with 6%) after a 4-h chase. The greater export from coppice leaves was correlated with a greater proportion of [14C]-labelled photosynthate deposited as starch in stems 4 cm below the point of label application. Coppice leaf assimilate levels were reduced to 15% that of leaves on intact plants, but coppice leaves had twice the concentration of labelled sucrose. Carbohydrates constituted 55% of the water-soluble [14C]-labelled photosynthate in leaves of coppice shoots compared with 40% in intact shoots. The results suggest that carbon allocation and partitioning in coppice shoots were altered towards production and export of new assimilate, and support the hypothesis that photosynthetic rate is responsive to sink demand for assimilates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Shoots (Botany)
KW  - Coppice forests
KW  - Effect of light on plants
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - <em>Populus maximowiczii</em> × <em>nigra</em>
KW  - Carbohydrate
KW  - net photosynthesis
KW  - starch deposition.
N1  - Accession Number: 12751491; Tschaplinski, Timothy J. 1; Blake, Trence J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA; 2: Faculty of Forestry, Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, canada M5S 1A1; Issue Info: Feb89, Vol. 75 Issue 2, p166; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Shoots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Coppice forests; Thesaurus Term: Effect of light on plants; Subject Term: Carbohydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Populus maximowiczii</em> × <em>nigra</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbohydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: net photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: starch deposition.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep12751491
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hay, Jeffrey
T1  - Design of New Materials (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1989/03//Mar/Apr89
VL  - 77
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 198
EP  - 198
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Design of New Materials," edited by D.L. Cocke and A. Clearfield.
KW  - Materials science
KW  - Cocke, D. L.
KW  - Clearfield, A.
KW  - Design of New Materials (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11758924; Hay, Jeffrey 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar/Apr89, Vol. 77 Issue 2, p198; Subject Term: Materials science; Reviews & Products: Design of New Materials (Book); People: Cocke, D. L.; People: Clearfield, A.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Book Review
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharples, Frances E.
T1  - BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE ENVIRONMENT.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 184
EP  - 185
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Risk Assessment for Deliberate Releases:  The Possible Impact of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms on the Environment,' edited by W. Klingmuller.
KW  - Transgenic organisms
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Risk Assessment (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10096796; Sharples, Frances E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038; Issue Info: Mar1989, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p184; Thesaurus Term: Transgenic organisms; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Risk Assessment (Book); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 872
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berner, Tomar
AU  - Dubinsky, Zvy
AU  - Wyman, Kevin
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - PHOTOADAPTATION AND THE "PACKAGE" EFFECT IN <em>DUNALIELLA TERTIOLECTA</em> (CHLOROPHYCEAE).
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 70
EP  - 78
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - In the marine unicellular chlorophyte, Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher, the spectrally averaged in vivo absorption cross section, normalized to chlorophyll a (so-called a[SUP*] values), vary two-fold in response to changes in growth irradiance. We used a kinetic approach to examine the specific factors which account for these changes in optical properties as cells photoadapt. Using Triton X-100 to solubilize membranes, we were able to differentiate between "package" effects and pigmentation effects. Our analyses suggest that 43-49% of the variability in a[SUP*] is due to changes in pigmentation, whereas 51-57% is due to the "package" effect Further analyses revealed that changes in cell size did not significantly affect packaging, while thylakoid stacking and the transparency of thylakoid membranes were important factors. Our results suggest that thylokoid membrane protein/lipid ratios change during photoadaplation, and these changes influence the effective rate of light harvesting per unit chlorophyll a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Dunaliella
KW  - Polyblepharidaceae
KW  - Thylakoids
KW  - Chloroplasts
KW  - Absorption cross section
KW  - chlorophyll
KW  - membrane
KW  - package effect
KW  - photoadaplation
KW  - thylakoid
KW  - Triton X-100
N1  - Accession Number: 11567025; Berner, Tomar 1; Dubinsky, Zvy 1; Wyman, Kevin 2; Falkowski, Paul G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Life Sciences, bar Itan University, Ramat Gan, 52000 Israel.; 2: Oceanographic Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11975.; Issue Info: Mar1989, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p70; Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Subject Term: Dunaliella; Subject Term: Polyblepharidaceae; Subject Term: Thylakoids; Subject Term: Chloroplasts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption cross section; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorophyll; Author-Supplied Keyword: membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: package effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoadaplation; Author-Supplied Keyword: thylakoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triton X-100; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11567025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spies, R.
AU  - Bauer, J.
AU  - Hardin, D.
T1  - Stable isotope study of sedimentary carbon utilization by Capitella spp.: effects of two carbon sources and geochemical conditions during their diagenesis.
JO  - Marine Biology
JF  - Marine Biology
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 101
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 74
SN  - 00253162
AB  - Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the type of sediment organic matter and geochemical conditions during diagenesis on the stable carbon isotope ratio δC of the deposit-feeding polychaete worms Capitella spp. Laboratory experiments showed δC values of-13.5 to-13.9%. for worms grown on fresh and aged kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. Field experiments on worms in the Santa Barbara Channel, California (USA), in 1986 revealed more negative δC values (to-19%.) when oil and kelp were added to sediments. The more negative values suggest the incorporation of oil carbon into worm tissues, supporting previous indications of the importance of hydrocarbons in food webs near oil seeps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Polychaeta
KW  - Diagenesis
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - California
N1  - Accession Number: 71122342; Spies, R. 1; Bauer, J. 2; Hardin, D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 94550 Livermore USA; 2: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland, 20688 Solomons USA; 3: Kinnetic Laboratories, 3050 Paul Sweet Road 95960 Santa Cruz USA; Issue Info: 1989, Vol. 101 Issue 1, p69; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Polychaeta; Subject Term: Diagenesis; Subject Term: Carbon isotopes; Subject: California; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00393479
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - O'Neill, E. G.
T1  - Growth dynamics and water use of seedlings of Quercus alba L. in CO2-enriched atmospheres.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 111
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
EP  - 500
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - White oak (Quercus alba L.) seedlings were grown from a half-sib collection of acorns in pots containing a nutrient-poor forest soil and maintained in controlled-environment chambers having mean atmospheric CO2 concentrations of 389, 496, and 793 cm³ m-3. Additions of nitrogen and phosphorus to the soil increased plant growth, indicating that the unfertilized plants were nutrient deficient. Despite the nutrient deficiency, the plants grown in elevated concentrations of CO2 generally were larger than those in ambient CO2, but dry weight data from harvests at 5, 12, 24, and 36 weeks provided insufficient evidence of an effect of CO2 because of the high variability associated with the recurrently-flushing habit of these seedlings. Mathematical growth analysis based on periodic non-destructive measurements allowed comparisons of the continuous growth patterns of the plants and avoided the problems of ontogeneitc variation. CO2 enrichment was thus shown to increase plant growth rate primarily through increased unit leaf rate rather than increased leaf area production. Unit leaf rate during the second half of the experiment was 22 and 27% higher in the medium and high concentrations of CO2 compared with that in low CO2. Instantaneous measurements of foliar gas exchange also showed that CO2 assimilation increased with CO2 enrichment. The most pronounced effect of CO2 enrichment was increased water-use efficiency, which was shown both through whole-plant gravimetric analysis and instantaneous gas exchange measurements. Whole-plant water-use efficiency for the duration of the experiment was increased by 52 and 82% by the mdiurn and high concentrations of CO2. Limitations of resources, including water and nutrients, do not preclude plant growth responses to CO2 enrichment of the atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Forest soils
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Oak
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - CO2 assimilation
KW  - growth analysis
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - water-use efficiency
KW  - white oak
N1  - Accession Number: 12370851; Norby, Richard J. 1; O'Neill, E. G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Issue Info: Mar1989, Vol. 111 Issue 3, p491; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Thesaurus Term: Forest soils; Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus; Thesaurus Term: Seedlings; Subject Term: Oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: water-use efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Wen-Rui
AU  - Chen, Liqing
AU  - Rose, John
AU  - Wei, Chin Hsuan
AU  - Abrams, Leatrice
AU  - Sax, Martin
AU  - Wang, Bi-Cheng
T1  - A new crystal form of ricin-OR.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1989/03/15/
VL  - 180
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 328
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Ricin-OR, an antitumor toxin, has been crystallized in space group P2 with cell parameters a = 8.77 nm, b = 4.64 nm, c = 7.64 nm and β = 101°. There is one molecule in the asymmetric unit and the solvent content is estimated to be 48% by volume. The crystals diffract to 0.25 nm resolution which is higher than that of the previously reported C2 crystal form which had a solvent content of 65%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RICIN
KW  - PLANT toxins
KW  - CASTOR beans
KW  - TOXALBUMINS
KW  - ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
N1  - Accession Number: 13797855; Chang, Wen-Rui 1; Chen, Liqing 1; Rose, John 1; Wei, Chin Hsuan 2; Abrams, Leatrice 1,3; Sax, Martin 3; Wang, Bi-Cheng 1,4; Source Information: 3/15/89, Vol. 180 Issue 2, p327; Subject: RICIN; Subject: PLANT toxins; Subject: CASTOR beans; Subject: TOXALBUMINS; Subject: ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject: MOLECULAR biology; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Powers, William R.
AU  - Hoffecker, John  F.
T1  - LATE PLEISTOCENE SETTLEMENT IN THE NENANA VALLEY, CENTRAL ALASKA.
JO  - American Antiquity
JF  - American Antiquity
Y1  - 1989/04//
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 287
SN  - 00027316
AB  - Examines the complicated history of Late Glacial settlement, as well as types of assemblages and technologies, in the Nenana Valley, southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska.
KW  - STRATIGRAPHIC geology -- Pleistocene
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - EOLIAN processes
KW  - ARCHAEOLOGY
KW  - HUMAN settlements
KW  - PALEO-Indians
KW  - NENANA River Valley (Alaska)
KW  - ALASKA
KW  - Alaska (Nenana River Valley)
N1  - Accession Number: 26020792; Powers, William R. 1; Hoffecker, John  F. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99701; 2 : Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne. IL 60439;  Source Info: Apr89, Vol. 54 Issue 2, p263; Historical Period: Prehistory; Subject Term: STRATIGRAPHIC geology -- Pleistocene; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: EOLIAN processes; Subject Term: ARCHAEOLOGY; Subject Term: HUMAN settlements; Subject Term: PALEO-Indians; Subject: NENANA River Valley (Alaska); Subject: ALASKA; Number of Pages: 25p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Hoffecker, John F.1
AU  - Morrison, David A.2
AU  - Leonhardy, Frank3
AU  - Hattori, Eugene M.
T1  - CURRENT RESEARCH.
JO  - American Antiquity
JF  - American Antiquity
J1  - American Antiquity
PY  - 1989/04//
Y1  - 1989/04//
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
CP  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 428
SN  - 00027316
AB  - The article presents information on several archaeological research being done by different archaeologists around the world. S. G. Vasil'ev made new excavations in 1985 at the important Upper Paleolithic site of Tolbaga, located on the second terrace along the middle course of the Khilok River in Central Siberia. Jean Aigner et al., continued protohistoric and ethnohistoric research in the Aleutian Islands, analyzing data collected in 1985 and 1986 on Unalaska and nearby islets in South Coastal Alaska. Jeff Hunston finished the third season of the North Coast Heritage Research and Protection Project on Herschel Island and the Yukon North Slope in Arctic Canada.
KW  - Archaeology research
KW  - Archaeological expeditions
KW  - Excavations (Archaeology)
KW  - Siberia (Russia)
KW  - Russia
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Canada
N1  - Accession Number: 26020802; Authors: Hoffecker, John F. 1; Morrison, David A. 2; Leonhardy, Frank 3; Hattori, Eugene M.; Affiliations:  1: Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 6043;  2: Archaeological Survey of Canada, Canadian Museum of Civilization, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa ON KIA 0MS, Canada;  3: Department of Sociology-Anthropology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843; Subject: Archaeology research; Subject: Archaeological expeditions; Subject: Excavations (Archaeology); Subject: Siberia (Russia); Subject: Russia; Subject: Alaska; Subject: Canada; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chagnon, Norman
AU  - Hlohowskyj, Ihor
T1  - Effects of phenol exposure on the thermal tolerance ability of the central stoneroller minnow.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1989/04//
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 614
EP  - 619
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study of the effects of phenol on the thermal tolerance of central stoneroller minnows exposed to sublethal concentrations. It says that there is a decrease in the thermal tolerance ability of fishes with acute exposure, illustrating the effects of phenol on gill tissues. It states that stoneroller minnows exposed to 12 milligram per liter (mg/L) of phenol may encounter reduced critical thermal maxima (CTMax) values during summer months.
KW  - Central stoneroller
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - Effect of temperature on fishes
KW  - Phenol -- Physiological effect
KW  - Gills
KW  - Summer
N1  - Accession Number: 70789353; Chagnon, Norman 1; Hlohowskyj, Ihor 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Environmental Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700, S. Cass Ave. 60439 Argonne; Issue Info: Apr1989, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p614; Thesaurus Term: Central stoneroller; Thesaurus Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Subject Term: Effect of temperature on fishes; Subject Term: Phenol -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: Gills; Subject Term: Summer; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01700246
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraft, R.
AU  - Buerki, H.
AU  - Schweizer, T.
AU  - Hess, M. W.
AU  - Cottier, H.
AU  - Stoner, R. D.
T1  - Tetanus toxoid complexed with heterologous antibody can induce germinal centre formation and B cell memory in mice without evoking a detectable anti-toxin response.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1989/04//
VL  - 76
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 138
EP  - 143
SN  - 00099104
AB  - Fluid free tetanus toxoid (FTT) alone or FTT complexed in vitro at equivalence (EQ) or in antibody excess (ABEX) with anti-toxin contained in a human gammaglobulin preparation (HGG). or HGG alone, were injected into the hind leg foot pads of mice. Anti-toxin titres of mouse scrum were measured and compared with proliferative reactions in popliteal lymph nodes, based on combined ³H-thymidine autoradiography and planimetry, as a function of time. FTT in complex with HGG in ABEX failed to elicit a measurable anti-toxin response but caused, of all the materials tested. the most marked numerical increase of germinal centres. This finding is in accord with results of earlier studies indicating that the same heterologous antigen-antibody complexes at EQ or in ABEX can prime the animals, usually without eliciting antibody production detectable by serum titration. The model system used in the present experiments is thus well suited for a separation of the two principal arms of the dichotomous humoral immune response, i.e. by inducing germinal centre and B cell memory development but not specific antibody formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical & Experimental Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TETANUS
KW  - LYMPH nodes
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM diseases
KW  - B cells
KW  - SERUM
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - antibody responses
KW  - germinal centres
KW  - immune complexes
KW  - memory B cells
KW  - tetanus toxoid
N1  - Accession Number: 16239191; Kraft, R. 1,2; Buerki, H. 1,2; Schweizer, T. 1,2; Hess, M. W. 1,2; Cottier, H. 1,2; Stoner, R. D. 1,2; Source Information: Apr1989, Vol. 76 Issue 1, p138; Subject: TETANUS; Subject: LYMPH nodes; Subject: CLOSTRIDIUM diseases; Subject: B cells; Subject: SERUM; Subject: IMMUNE response; Author-Supplied Keyword: antibody responses; Author-Supplied Keyword: germinal centres; Author-Supplied Keyword: immune complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: memory B cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: tetanus toxoid; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buse, Gerhard
AU  - Hensel, Sieghard
AU  - Fee, James A.
T1  - Evidence for cytochrome oxidase subunit I and a cytochrome <em>c</em> - subunit II fused protein in the cytochrome 'c1aa3' of <em>Thermus thermophilus</em>.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1989/04/15/
VL  - 181
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 268
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The terminal cytochrome c1aa3 of the respiratory chain of Thermos thermophilous has been isolated and purified to homogeneity by a novel procedure. The two subunit proteins (55 and 33 kDa) have been characterized chemically. Computer searches with partial amino acid sequences obtained from both subunits show that the larger subunit belongs to the cytochrome oxidase subunit I protein family while the smaller covalently hemebinding subunit is not a cytochrome c1 but appears to be a fused protein between cytochrome c and cytochrome oxidase subunit II.With respect to the 16-S rRNA-derived phylogeny of procaryotes, the results show that the genetic information for an O2-reacting cytochrome oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1) existed already in early bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - HEMOPROTEINS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL pigments
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13799437; Buse, Gerhard 1; Hensel, Sieghard 1; Fee, James A. 2; Source Information: 4/15/89, Vol. 181 Issue 1, p261; Subject: CYTOCHROMES; Subject: HEMOPROTEINS; Subject: BIOLOGICAL pigments; Subject: AMINO acids; Subject: PROTEINS; Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teegarden, B. J.
AU  - Darthelmy, S. D.
AU  - Gehrels, N.
AU  - Tueller, I.
AU  - Leventhal, M.
AU  - MacCallum, C. J.
T1  - Resolution of the 1,238.keV γ-ray line from supernova 1987A.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 1989/05/11/
VL  - 339
IS  - 6220
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
EP  - 123
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The article presents the resolution of the 1,238.keV γ-ray line from supernova 1987A from the maiden flight of the Gamma-Ray Imaging Spectrometer. SN11987A was observed for a period of 11.1 hours on May 1, 1988. Line emission at 1, 238 keV were detected. A gaussian line profile gives an acceptable fit to the 1, 238-keV line. Other significant information relative to the matter is presented.
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Supernovae
KW  - Cataclysmic variable stars
KW  - Spectrometers
KW  - Spectrum analysis -- Instruments
KW  - Gamma ray spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 23785660; Teegarden, B. J. 1; Darthelmy, S. D. 1; Gehrels, N. 1; Tueller, I. 1; Leventhal, M. 2; MacCallum, C. J. 3; Affiliations: 1: NASA/Goddard Space Fright Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA; 2: AT&T/Bell Laboratories, 600 Mountain Avenue. Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories. Organization 1200, Albaquerque. New Mexico 87185, USA; Issue Info: 5/11/1989, Vol. 339 Issue 6220, p122; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Supernovae; Subject Term: Cataclysmic variable stars; Subject Term: Spectrometers; Subject Term: Spectrum analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: Gamma ray spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carnes, Sam A.
T1  - Dimensions of Hazardous Waste Politics and Policy.
JO  - American Political Science Review
JF  - American Political Science Review
Y1  - 1989/06//
VL  - 83
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 630
EP  - 632
SN  - 00030554
AB  - Reviewed: Dimensions of Hazardous Waste Politics and Policy. Davis, Charles E. and Lester, James P., ed.
KW  - HAZARDOUS substances
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HAZARDOUS wastes
KW  - PRACTICAL politics
KW  - POLICY sciences
KW  - POLITICAL science
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - Davis, Charles E.
KW  - Lester, James P.
KW  - DAVIS, Charles E.
KW  - LESTER, James P.
KW  - DIMENSIONS of Hazardous Waste Politics & Policy (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 27333301; Carnes, Sam A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Jun89, Vol. 83 Issue 2, p630; Note: Publication Information: Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1988. 256 pp.; Historical Period: 1980 to 1989; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS substances; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS wastes; Subject Term: PRACTICAL politics; Subject Term: POLICY sciences; Subject Term: POLITICAL science; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goel, Rajeev K.
AU  - Rich, Daniel P.
T1  - On the economic incentives for taking bribes.
JO  - Public Choice
JF  - Public Choice
Y1  - 1989/06//
VL  - 61
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 275
SN  - 00485829
AB  - This paper presents an empirical analysis of the factors affecting bribe taking by public officials. Factors influencing the acceptance of bribes include: the probability of being convicted, severity of punishment, government salary relative to private sector income, the demonstration effect, and the unemployment rate. Our results indicate that higher probability of being convicted discourages the acceptance of bribes as does more severe punishment. Low relative earnings, high unemployment, and the demonstration effect of aggregate advertising all lead to increased bribe taking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Public Choice is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRIBERY
KW  - CIVIL service -- Salaries, etc.
KW  - PRIVATE sector
KW  - UNEMPLOYMENT
KW  - PUBLIC officers
KW  - PUNISHMENT
KW  - BRIBES
N1  - Accession Number: 17149777; Goel, Rajeev K. 1; Rich, Daniel P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205; 2: Department of Economics, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61761-6901; Issue Info: Jun1989, Vol. 61 Issue 3, p269; Thesaurus Term: BRIBERY; Thesaurus Term: CIVIL service -- Salaries, etc.; Thesaurus Term: PRIVATE sector; Thesaurus Term: UNEMPLOYMENT; Subject Term: PUBLIC officers; Subject Term: PUNISHMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: BRIBES; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kross, Brian
T1  - GEM Artline: Great-looking Graphics.
JO  - Design News
JF  - Design News
Y1  - 1989/06/19/
VL  - 45
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 162
SN  - 00119407
AB  - Features the computer software GEM Artline from Digital research. Operation of the software under the GEM/3 environment; Design of GEM's computer programs; Icons representing the display system.
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - INFORMATION display systems
KW  - COMPUTER industry
KW  - ICON (Computer program language)
KW  - DIGITAL Research Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 14022148; Kross, Brian 1; Affiliations: 1: mechanical engineer at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL; Issue Info: 6/19/89, Vol. 45 Issue 12, p162; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION display systems; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER industry; Subject Term: ICON (Computer program language) ; Company/Entity: DIGITAL Research Inc. DUNS Number: 942955238; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AU  - Trumble, David
T1  - Effects of the Hood River Conservation Project on electricity use and savings in  single-family homes.
JO  - Applied Economics
JF  - Applied Economics
Y1  - 1989/08//
VL  - 21
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1029
PB  - Routledge
SN  - 00036846
AB  - The Hood River Conservation Project, a major demonstration sponsored by the Bonneville Power Administration, sought to retrofit all the electrically heated homes in Hood River, Oregon. A two-stage approach was used to analyse electricity use and savings for programme participants and for homes in two comparison communities. The first stage converted each year of household monthly electricity billing data into an estimate of weather-adjusted annual electricity use. The second stage pooled these estimates across households and years to develop multivariate regression models of household electricity use. <BR> Electricity use before HRCP began (20 000 kWh/year in 1982/83) was far below planning estimates at the time. Measured reductions in electricity use among participants averaged 2900 kWh, much less than predicted during the energy audits. The combination of low pre-HRCP electricity use and modest savings led to very low levels of post-HRCP usage, below amounts experienced in typical new home construction. The pooled cross-section/time-series models estimated net (HRCP-induced) electricity savings of 2300 kWh, less than the 2900 kWh total savings cited above. A simple comparison of HRCP costs with measured reductions in electricity use suggests that the Project was not cost effective. However, the experimental nature of the Project implies that assessment of benefits and costs be approached with caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Economics is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONSERVATION of natural resources
KW  - FACILITY management
KW  - HOUSING
KW  - RIVERS -- Oregon
KW  - SINGLE family housing
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - OREGON
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - BONNEVILLE Power Administration (Company)
N1  - Accession Number: 4615542; Hirst, Eric 1; Trumble, David 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory,* Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.; Issue Info: Aug1989, Vol. 21 Issue 8, p1029; Thesaurus Term: CONSERVATION of natural resources; Thesaurus Term: FACILITY management; Thesaurus Term: HOUSING; Subject Term: RIVERS -- Oregon; Subject Term: SINGLE family housing; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject: OREGON; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: BONNEVILLE Power Administration (Company) DUNS Number: 043003334; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924120 Administration of Conservation Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531120 Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses); NAICS/Industry Codes: 624229 Other Community Housing Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236115 New Single-Family Housing Construction (except For-Sale Builders); Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jayne Haynes, G.
AU  - Stewart, Arthur
AU  - Harvey, Bret
T1  - Gender-dependent problems in toxicity tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1989/08//
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
EP  - 279
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study which explored the toxicity test problems with Ceriodaphnia dubia, which are dependent in gender. The study compared the sensitivity of female and male C. dubia with CdCl2 for describing the concentrations needed to get time-to-death values. Results suggest the need for those using Ceriodaphnia to distinguish the gender to avoid scoring of males as females.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Cladocera
KW  - Animals -- Sexing
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Identification of animals
N1  - Accession Number: 70789444; Jayne Haynes, G. 1; Stewart, Arthur 1; Harvey, Bret 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6351 Oak Ridge USA; Issue Info: Aug1989, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p271; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Cladocera; Thesaurus Term: Animals -- Sexing; Subject Term: Toxicity testing; Subject Term: Sensitivity analysis; Subject Term: Identification of animals; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01701758
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janson, Bruce N.
T1  - Evaluation Methodologies for Transport Investment.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1989/08//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 226
EP  - 227
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - Reviews the book "Evaluation Methodologies for Transport Investment," by Michael S. Roe.
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ROE, Michael S.
KW  - EVALUATION Methodologies for Transport Investment (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17052722; Janson, Bruce N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Transportation Research and Systems Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6366; Issue Info: Aug89, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p226; Thesaurus Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: EVALUATION Methodologies for Transport Investment (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; People: ROE, Michael S.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carnes, Sam Abbott
AU  - Watson, Annetta Paule
T1  - Disposing of the US Chemical Weapons Stockpile.
JO  - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association
JF  - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association
Y1  - 1989/08/04/
VL  - 262
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 659
SN  - 00987484
AB  - Discusses approaches to dispose of the U.S. chemical weapons stockpile. Recognition of the international implications of disposing lethal unitary weapons; Description of the stockpile; Characterization of the toxicology and physical properties of the chemical agents; Disposal options considered by the U.S. Army; Role of a programmatic health and environmental assessment in the decision making process.
KW  - CHEMICAL weapons disposal
KW  - CHEMICAL weapons
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare agents
KW  - UNITED States. Army
N1  - Accession Number: 10940893; Carnes, Sam Abbott 1; Watson, Annetta Paule 1; Source Information: 8/4/89, Vol. 262 Issue 5, p653; Subject: CHEMICAL weapons disposal; Subject: CHEMICAL weapons; Subject: TOXICOLOGY; Subject: CHEMICAL warfare agents; Subject: UNITED States. Army; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solanki, Rajendra S.
AU  - Cohon, Jared L.
T1  - Approximating the noninferior set in linear biobjective programs using multiparametric decomposition.
JO  - European Journal of Operational Research
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
Y1  - 1989/08/15/
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
EP  - 366
SN  - 03772217
AB  - An algorithm is developed to generate an approximate representation of the noninferior set in the objective space for linear biobjective programs. A sharp measure of geometrical error based on multiparametric decomposition is used to obtain a subset of the noninferior objective vectors distributed over the entire noninferior set. The deviation of the approximate representation from the exact noninferior set in the objective space can be controlled by specifying the maximum possible deviation. The algorithm attempts to select each additional noninferior objective vector to be included in the approximation to reduce the deviation as quickly as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Operational Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - Multiple criteria programming
KW  - parametric programming
N1  - Accession Number: 8500506; Solanki, Rajendra S. 1; Cohon, Jared L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Transportation Operations Research and Planning Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; 2: Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.; Issue Info: 8/15/89, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p355; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple criteria programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: parametric programming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vestal, J. Robie
AU  - White, David C.
T1  - Lipid analysis in microbial ecology.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1989/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
EP  - 541
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Examines new analytical techniques for studying components of ecosystems.  View that all the essential biochemical cycles of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur are mediated by communities of microorganisms, suggesting their importance to the ecosystem as a whole; Methods developed by microbiologists in studying fungi and bacteria; Extraction of lipids; Microbial biomass; Community structure; Metabolic status; Metabolic activity.
KW  - Microbiology
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Ecosystem management
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Microbial ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 8910090907; Vestal, J. Robie 1; White, David C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Professor of biological sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0006; 2: University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distinguished Scientist and professor of microbiology and ecology, University of Tennessee; Issue Info: Sep89, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p535; Thesaurus Term: Microbiology; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Ecosystem management; Thesaurus Term: Microorganisms; Thesaurus Term: Microbial ecology; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5173
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herzig, Ronny
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - NITROGEN LIMITATION IN <em>ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA</em> (HAPTOPHYCEAE). I. PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENERGY CONVERSION AND GROWTH EFFICIENCIES.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1989/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 462
EP  - 471
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The effect of steady-state nitrogen limitation on photosynthetic characteristics and growth efficiency was examined in the marine hoptohyte Isochrysis galbana Green. Nitrate limited chemostats were maintained at nine dilution rates, ranging from 0.18-0.96 d[SUP-1], under continuous irradiance levels of 175 μmole quanta m[SUP-2] s[SUP-1], an irradiance level which saturated photosynthesis at all growth rates. Nitrogen limitation led to an overall reduction in pigmentation and a decrease in the cellular concentration of reaction centers; however, the optical absorption cross section, normalized to Chl a, increased. Moreover, Chl c/a ratios were higher in nitrogen-limited cells; the change in Chl c/a ratios were correlated with an increase in the functional size of Photosystem II. Both light saturated photosynthetic rates normalized per cell and specific respiratory losses were positively linearly correlated with growth rate. Light saturates photosynthetic rates normalized to Chl a remained relatively insensitive to the rate of nitrogen supply the minimum quantum requirement for gross photosynthetic oxygen evolution increased from 12.4 to 17.0 quanta / O[SUB2] At the growth irradiance, the quantum requirement increased 88% from 19.9 to 37.5 quata / O[SUB2] photosynthesis, / respiration ratios remained relatively constant at dilution rates greater than 35% of the maximum relative growth rate. Consequently, net growth efficiency, defined as the ratio of the specific growth rate, μ, to specific gross photosynthesis, p. also remained relatively constant over this range of growth rates overaging 85 ± 3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Photosynthetic reaction centers
KW  - Respiration in plants
KW  - Prymnesiophyceae
KW  - Effect of light on plants
KW  - Chemostat
KW  - Absorption cross-section
KW  - chemostat
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - quantum yields
KW  - reaction center
KW  - respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 11557366; Herzig, Ronny 1; Falkowski, Paul G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Applied  Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory,  Upton , New York  11973.; Issue Info: Sep89, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p462; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthetic reaction centers; Thesaurus Term: Respiration in plants; Thesaurus Term: Prymnesiophyceae; Thesaurus Term: Effect of light on plants; Subject Term: Chemostat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption cross-section; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemostat; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantum yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction center; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11557366
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
AU  - AssaffSukenik, Paul G.
AU  - Herzig, Ronny
T1  - NITROGEN LIMITATION IN <em>ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA</em> (HAPTOPHYCEAE). II. RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF CHLOROPLAST PROTEINS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1989/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 478
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Using spectroscopic, biophysical and immunological techniques, we assayed the relative abundance of ten chloroplast proteins and protein complexes in the marine haptophyte, Isochrysis galbana Green, grown at nine steady-state dilution rates in nitrogen-limited chemostats. The proteins included Photosystem I reaction center (RCI) chlorophyll protein, CPI; Photosystem II reaction enter (RC II) protein, D 1: two chlorophyll a-binding apoprotein, CP 43 and CP 47; 33 Kda oxygen evolving protein, OEC 33; α subunit of couling factor, CF 1 α large (LSU) and small subunits (SSU) of ribulose 1.5-bisphophae carboxylase, RUBixCO; the chlorophyll a/c/ fucoxanthin protein complex, LHCP; and cytochrome b[SUB6]/f. Seven of the ten protein complexes are encoded in the chloroplast, two are encoded in the nucleus and one shares chloroplast and unclear genomes. Over the rage of dilution rates (0.96- 0.18 d[SUP-1]) cell N decreased 42% and cellular chlorophyll a decreased 50% however, the stochimometric proportion of RC II: cytochrome b[SUB6] /f: RC I remained constant, averaging 1:3.3:.8. In constrast, RuBisCO/ PS II decreased by 58%. The light harvesting chlorophyll a/c/ fucoxanthign protein complex increased relative to RC II: however, as cells became more nitrogen limited the fraction of total cell nitrogen contained in RuBisCo decreased from 21.3 to 6.7% whereas that of the light harvesting complex remained relatively constant, averaging 6.8% Our results generally support the hypothesis that in nitrogen limited cells, protein encoded in the nuclear gnome are synthesized preferentially over those encoded in the chloroplast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Photosynthetic reaction centers
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Cytochromes
KW  - Western immunoblotting
KW  - Hemoproteins
KW  - Chlorophyll protein complex
KW  - cytochrome
KW  - nitrogen limitation
KW  - oxygen evolving complex
KW  - photosynthetic apparatus
KW  - reaction center
KW  - Western blot
N1  - Accession Number: 11557371; Falkowski, Paul G. 1; AssaffSukenik, Paul G. 2; Herzig, Ronny 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; 2: Department of Marine Biology,  Israel Oceanographic and  Limnological  Institute, Ltd., Haifs,  Israel  31080.; Issue Info: Sep89, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p471; Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthetic reaction centers; Thesaurus Term: Oxygen; Subject Term: Cytochromes; Subject Term: Western immunoblotting; Subject Term: Hemoproteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorophyll protein complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen limitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxygen evolving complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetic apparatus; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction center; Author-Supplied Keyword: Western blot; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11557371
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzman, Martin T.
T1  - Health Effects from Hazardous Waste Sites (Book Review).
JO  - Journal of Risk & Insurance
JF  - Journal of Risk & Insurance
Y1  - 1989/09//
VL  - 56
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 579
EP  - 581
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00224367
AB  - Reviews the book "Health Effects From Hazardous Waste Sites," edited by Julian B. Andelman and Dwight W. Underhill.
KW  - HAZARDOUS waste sites
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ANDELMAN, Julian B.
KW  - UNDERHILL, Dwight W.
KW  - HEALTH Effects From Hazardous Waste Sites (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 5137164; Katzman, Martin T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep89, Vol. 56 Issue 3, p579; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS waste sites; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: HEALTH Effects From Hazardous Waste Sites (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; People: ANDELMAN, Julian B.; People: UNDERHILL, Dwight W.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pederson, Shane P.
T1  - GLIM (Book).
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1989/09//
VL  - 84
IS  - 407
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 839
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews the book "GLIM: An Introduction," by M.J.R. Healy.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HEALY, M. J. R.
KW  - GLIM (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 4610058; Pederson, Shane P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Sep89, Vol. 84 Issue 407, p839; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: GLIM (Book); People: HEALY, M. J. R.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Forte, T. M.;
AU  - Genzel-Boroviczeny, O.;
AU  - Austin, M. A.;
AU  - Kao, L. C.;
AU  - D'Harlingue, A. E.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Effect of total parenteral nutrition with intravenous fat on lipids and high density lipoprotein heterogeneity in neonates
CT  - Effect of total parenteral nutrition with intravenous fat on lipids and high density lipoprotein heterogeneity in neonates
JO  - JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (USA)
JF  - JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (USA)
Y1  - 1989/09/01/
VL  - 13
IS  - Sep-Oct
SP  - 490
EP  - 500
SN  - 01486071
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California, Donner Lab., 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
N1  - Accession Number: 27-07258; Language: English; Trade Name: Soyacal; Generic Name: Soybean oil; Chemical Name: Soybean oil--8001-22-7; References: 39; Journal Coden: JPENDU; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Drug Evaluations; Abstract Author: Ellen Katz Neumann
N2  - A study of the effects of total parenteral nutrition on plasma lipid concentrations and high density lipoprotein (HDL) was conducted in 22 neonates (aged 27-42 wk) who received an intravenous (IV) infusion of 10% or 20% soybean oil (Soyacal; I); enteral feedings were provided every 3 h as standard infant formula or maternal breast milk. Based on HDL subclass profiles determined prior to I, infants fell into 2 classes, one with 2 or more pronounced peaks within the normal HDL spectrum and the other with unusual HDL distribution. Total plasma cholesterol increased in both groups during low and high fat IV feeding and apolipoprotein AI concentrations increased significantly following I infusion. HDL cholesterol, however, showed little change in either group. Prevalence of discoidal HDL at baseline was associated with low concentrations of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). In both groups, enteral feeding was associated with a further normalization of HDL subclass distribution. It was concluded that I improved the nutritional status of neonates, stimulating increased liver synthesis of important lipoprotein-associated proteins, including apolipoprotein AI and LCAT, associated with HDL metabolism.
KW  - Soybean oil--nutrition-;
KW  - Nutrition--parenteral--soybean oil, plasma lipid levels, neonates;
KW  - Fat emulsions--soybean oil--parenteral nutrition, plasma lipid levels, neonates;
KW  - Pediatrics--soybean oil--parenteral nutrition, plasma lipid levels, neonates;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peerenboom, James P.
AU  - Buehring, William A.
AU  - Joseph, Timothy W.
T1  - SELECTING A PORTFOLIO OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS FOR A SYNTHETIC FUELS FACILITY.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1989/09//Sep/Oct89
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 689
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - This article describes how a U.S. Department of Energy steering committee used a decision analysis procedure to develop a portfolio of environmental and health research programs for a commercial-scale synthetic fuels facility. The procedure used information and insights from decision analyses conducted in five technical areas to support decision analysis at the portfolio level. The problem was complex because it included many combinations of studies that could be funded; multiple objectives in the five technical areas, as well as at the portfolio level; and uncertainties about research needs, the availability of technical data, and research costs. The article discusses: the rationale for using formal decision analysis, the main features of the procedure, and how the procedure provided the steering committee with a logical basis for evaluating a large number of diverse technical projects and, with the help of health and environmental experts, established research priorities and budget allocations in a logical and defensible manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - DECISION theory
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - SYNTHETIC fuels
KW  - SYNTHETIC products
KW  - GOAL (Psychology)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 4481102; Peerenboom, James P. 1; Buehring, William A. 1; Joseph, Timothy W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; 2: U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Sep/Oct89, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p689; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: DECISION theory; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC fuels; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC products; Subject Term: GOAL (Psychology); Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SMOOKE, M. D.
AU  - MITCHELL, R. E.
AU  - KEYES, D. E.
T1  - Numerical Solution of Two-Dimensional Axisymmetric Laminar Diffusion Flames.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1989/09/02/
VL  - 67
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 122
SN  - 00102202
AB  - We apply a detailed chemistry, complex transport combustion model to a two-dimensional, axisymmetric laminar diffusion flume in which a cylindrical fuel stream is surrounded by a coflowing oxidizer jet. Unlike some models in which diffusion in the axial direction is neglected, we treat the fully elliptic problem. A discrete solution is obtained by combining a steady-state and a time-dependent solution method. A time-dependent approach is used to help obtain a converged numerical solution on an initial coarse grid using a flame sheet starting estimate. Grid points are then inserted adaptively and Newton's method is used to complete the problem. We investigate both a confined coflowing and an unconfined coflowing methane-air diffusion flame and comparisons with experimental data are made. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76210127; SMOOKE, M. D. 1; MITCHELL, R. E. 2; KEYES, D. E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA; Issue Info: Oct1986, Vol. 67 Issue 4-6, p85; Number of Pages: 38p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208908924063
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SCHEFER, R. W.
AU  - NAMAZIAN, M.
AU  - KELLY, J.
T1  - Comparison of Turbulent-Jet and Bluff-Body Stabilized Flames.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1989/09/02/
VL  - 67
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 146
SN  - 00102202
AB  - The structure of lifted turbulent-jet and bluff-body stabilized flames has been studied experimentally using a planar-imaging techniques based on Raman scattering from CH4. The instantaneous image of CH4 reveal flow and mixing structure information that is lost when time-averaged point measurement techniques are used. Fuel-jet flow and mixing in turbulent-jet and bluff-body flames are characterized by large-scale irregular and lime-varying structures that engulf external fluid. Downstream of the bluff-body face, the fuel jet is stagnated and spread in the radial direction by the dynamics of the high-velocity external air flow. This stagnation process governs how fuel and air mix and subsequently combust in these flames and determines the major differences between jet and bluff-body flames. The instantaneous images were averaged to obtain mean and fluctuating quantities and probability distributions of the CH4 concentration. These time-averaged statistics are interpreted in terms of the large- and small-scale turbulence structure of these flows. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76210128; SCHEFER, R. W. 1; NAMAZIAN, M. 1; KELLY, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA; Issue Info: Oct1986, Vol. 67 Issue 4-6, p123; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102208908924064
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liepins, G. E.
AU  - Hilliard, M. R.
T1  - GENETIC ALGORITHMS: FOUNDATIONS AND APPLICATIONS.
JO  - Annals of Operations Research
JF  - Annals of Operations Research
Y1  - 1989/10//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 57
SN  - 02545330
AB  - Genetic algorithms are defined. Attention is directed to why they work: schemas and building blocks, implicit parallelism, and exponentially biased sampling of the better schema. Why they fail and how undesirable behavior can be overcome is discussed. Current genetic algorithm practice is summarized. Five successful applications are illustrated: image registration, AEGIS surveillance, network configuration, prisoner's dilemma, and gas pipeline control. Three classes of problems for which genetic algorithms are ill suited are illustrated: ordering problems, smooth optimization problems, and "totally indecomposable" problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Operations Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - GENETIC programming (Computer science)
KW  - COMBINATORIAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 18935575; Liepins, G. E. 1; Hilliard, M. R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6179, U.S.A.; Issue Info: 1989, Vol. 21 Issue 1-4, p31; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: GENETIC programming (Computer science); Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL optimization; Number of Pages: 27p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 8 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Burton, Hilary D.1
T1  - The Improbable Machine (Book).
JO  - Library Journal
JF  - Library Journal
J1  - Library Journal
PY  - 1989/10//10/1/1989
Y1  - 1989/10//10/1/1989
VL  - 114
IS  - 16
CP  - 16
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 114
EP  - 114
SN  - 03630277
AB  - Reviews the book "The Improbable Machine," by Jeremy Campbell.
KW  - Artificial intelligence
KW  - Technology
KW  - Campbell, Jeremy
KW  - Improbable Machine, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13928518; Authors: Burton, Hilary D. 1; Affiliations:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Subject: Improbable Machine, The (Book); Subject: Campbell, Jeremy; Subject: Artificial intelligence; Subject: Technology; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Record Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lls
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gunadhi, H
AU  - Segev, A
T1  - Framework for query optimization in temporal databases
JO  - Report No: DE90011339/HCW
JF  - Report No: DE90011339/HCW
Y1  - 1989/11//
M3  - Book Chapter
AB  - The authors investigate issues pertaining to query processing of temporal databases in a relational environment. Tuple-versioning of relations is the adopted method of temporal data representation. New operators are necessary in order to exploit the richer semantics of temporal queries. Four types of temporal joins are determined: theta-join, time intersection, time union and the event-join. Factors that affect processing strategies are discussed, especially the problem of estimating data selectivity for various temporal operations. Strategies for implementing the temporal equijoin operator are evaluated. 26 refs., 6 tabs.
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - INFORMATION retrieval
KW  - Data representation
KW  - Optimization
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2600577; Gunadhi, H 1; Segev, A; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA;  Source Info: Nov 1989; Note: Update Code: 2600; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: INFORMATION retrieval; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data representation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimization; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeAngeles, D. L.
AU  - Mulholland, P. J.
AU  - Palumbo, A. V.
AU  - Steinman, A. D.
AU  - Huston, M. A.
AU  - Elwood, J. W.
T1  - NUTRIENT DYNAMICS AND FOOD-WEB STABILITY.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1989/12//
VL  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 95
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Discusses the importance of nutrient limitation and recycling in ecosystems. Coverage of the types of stability to ecosystems; Theoretical predictions about the resilience of food webs; Reasons for changes in the level of nutrient input.
KW  - Experimental ecology
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Soil stabilization
KW  - Stability (Mechanics)
KW  - Slope stability (Soil mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12408383; DeAngeles, D. L. 1; Mulholland, P. J. 1; Palumbo, A. V. 1; Steinman, A. D. 1; Huston, M. A. 1; Elwood, J. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038; Issue Info: 1989, Vol. 20, p71; Thesaurus Term: Experimental ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Soil stabilization; Subject Term: Stability (Mechanics); Subject Term: Slope stability (Soil mechanics); Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, Monica Goigel
T1  - LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY: The Effect of Pattern on Process.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1989/12//
VL  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 197
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Discusses the characterization of landscape patterns and their effects on ecological processes. Context of landscape ecology; Quantification of landscape patterns; Analysis of spatial patterns of climax vegetation.
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Environmental management
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Spatial analysis (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12408433; Turner, Monica Goigel 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: 1989, Vol. 20, p171; Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental management; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Subject Term: Spatial analysis (Statistics); Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunnivant, Frank
AU  - Polansky, Anne
AU  - Elzerman, Alan
T1  - Persistence and distribution of PCBs in the sediments of a reservoir (Lake Hartwell, South Carolina).
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1989/12//
VL  - 43
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 870
EP  - 878
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study regarding the distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the sediments in different sites in Lake Hartwell in South Carolina. The study used steam distillation and sonication for the extraction of sediment samples as well as capillary column gas chromatograph. Results showed that sediments from the site one contained the highest PCB concentrations while site 11 has lower concentrations of PCBs.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Extraction (Chemistry)
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Distillation
KW  - Sonication
KW  - Hartwell Lake (S.C. & Ga.)
KW  - South Carolina
N1  - Accession Number: 70789533; Dunnivant, Frank 1; Polansky, Anne 2; Elzerman, Alan 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 1505, M.S. 6038 37861-6038 Oak Ridge USA; 2: Science, Space, and Technology Committee, House of Representatives, 20515 Washington, D.C. USA; 3: Environmental Systems Engineering, Clemson University, 29634-0919 Clemson USA; Issue Info: Dec1989, Vol. 43 Issue 6, p870; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Extraction (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Gas chromatography; Subject Term: Polychlorinated biphenyls; Subject Term: Distillation; Subject Term: Sonication; Subject: Hartwell Lake (S.C. & Ga.); Subject: South Carolina; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01702058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finch, Stephen J.
AU  - Mendell, Nancy R.
AU  - Thode Jr., Henry C.
T1  - Probabilistic Measures of Adequacy of a Numerical Search for a Global Maximum.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1989/12//
VL  - 84
IS  - 408
M3  - Article
SP  - 1020
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Measures of the probability of all unobserved species are applied to the problem of assessing the adequacy of a search for a global maximum using random starting points. The measures, as used here, estimate the probability that an iterative algorithm using a randomly selected starting point will find a solution not observed in previous random starting points. The probability of an unobserved global maximum is less than or equal to this probability. We used these measures to evaluate the adequacy of our search procedure for the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of a mixture of two normals. These measures indicated that for most problems generated there was little chance that there were unobserved domains of convergence. Occasional problems, however, had appreciable estimated probabilities. In such problems, examination of the data suggested regions where a more focused search for unobserved domains of convergence was warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - PARAMETER estimation
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - PROBABILITY measures
KW  - PARAMETERS (Statistics)
KW  - SPECIES
KW  - Maximum likelihood
KW  - Mixture of normal distributions
KW  - Numerical optimization
KW  - Simulated annealing
KW  - Unobserved species.
N1  - Accession Number: 4606507; Finch, Stephen J. 1; Mendell, Nancy R. 1; Thode Jr., Henry C. 2,3; Affiliations: 1: Associate Professor, Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794.; 2: Research Associate, Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794; 3: Computer Analyst, Injury Prevention and Analysis Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.; Issue Info: Dec89, Vol. 84 Issue 408, p1020; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Thesaurus Term: PARAMETER estimation; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: PROBABILITY measures; Subject Term: PARAMETERS (Statistics); Subject Term: SPECIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maximum likelihood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixture of normal distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulated annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unobserved species.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Rayner, Steve
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN
A2  - von Furstenberg, George M.
T1  - Risk in Cultural Perspective
T2  - Acting under uncertainty: Multidisciplinary conceptions
PB  - Theory and Decision Library. Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences
PB  - Norwell, Mass. and Dordrecht:
PB  - Kluwer Academic
Y1  - 1990///
SP  - 161
EP  - 179
N1  - Accession Number: 0281377; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7923-9063-6; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199306
KW  - Theory of Uncertainty and Information          0261
KW  - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines          0113
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Suter, Glenn W., II
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN
A2  - von Furstenberg, George M.
T1  - Uncertainty in Environmental Risk Assessment
T2  - Acting under uncertainty: Multidisciplinary conceptions
PB  - Theory and Decision Library. Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences
PB  - Norwell, Mass. and Dordrecht:
PB  - Kluwer Academic
Y1  - 1990///
SP  - 203
EP  - 230
N1  - Accession Number: 0281379; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7923-9063-6; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199306
KW  - Theory of Uncertainty and Information          0261
KW  - Conservation and Pollution          7220
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
T1  - Classics of immunology .
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1990/01//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 58
EP  - 58
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book `Milestones in Immunology.  A Historical Explanation,' edited by Debra J. Bibel.
KW  - Immunology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Milestones in Immunology: A Historical Exploration (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9002051311; Kennel, Stephen J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: Jan1990, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p58; Thesaurus Term: Immunology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Milestones in Immunology: A Historical Exploration (Book); Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 469
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Southworth, Frank
AU  - Chin, Shih-Miao
AU  - Cheng, Paul Der-Ming
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Vanderbilt U
A2  - Kim, Tschangho John
A2  - Wiggins, Lyna L.
A2  - Wright, Jeff R.
T1  - RTMAS: An Expert System for Real Time Monitoring and Analysis of Traffic during Evacuations
T2  - Expert systems: Applications to urban planning
PB  - New York; Berlin; London and Tokyo:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1990///
SP  - 105
EP  - 120
N1  - Accession Number: 0282513; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-387-97171-8; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199306
KW  - Computer Programs          2140
KW  - Urban Transportation Economics          9330
KW  - Economics of Transportation          6150
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Katzman, Martin
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN
A2  - Kunreuther, Howard
A2  - Gowda, M. V. Rajeev
T1  - Managing Existing Hazardous Waste Facilities: Risk Assessment Issues: Discussion
T2  - Integrating insurance and risk management for hazardous wastes
PB  - Norwell, Mass.; Dordrecht and London:
PB  - Kluwer Academic
Y1  - 1990///
SP  - 127
EP  - 130
N1  - Accession Number: 0282746; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7923-9009-1; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199306
KW  - Conservation and Pollution          7220
KW  - Theory of Uncertainty and Information          0261
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - George, Alan
AU  - Ng, Esmond
T1  - PARALLEL SPARSE GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION WITH PARTIAL PIVOTING.
JO  - Annals of Operations Research
JF  - Annals of Operations Research
Y1  - 1990/02//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 240
SN  - 02545330
AB  - In this article, we consider the factorization of a sparse nonsymmetric matrix using Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting on a multiprocessor having a globally-shared memory. The parallel algorithm makes use of a static data structure developed by George, Liu and Ng in [17]. Some numerical experiments on a Sequent Balance 8000 are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the parallel implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Operations Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIPROCESSORS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - DATA structures (Computer science)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 18657088; George, Alan 1; Ng, Esmond 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1; 2: Mathematical Sciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8083, USA; Issue Info: 1990, Vol. 22 Issue 1-4, p219; Thesaurus Term: MULTIPROCESSORS; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: DATA structures (Computer science); Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzman, Martin T.
T1  - Hazardous Waste, Toxic Tort,and Products Liability Insurance Problems.
JO  - Journal of Risk & Insurance
JF  - Journal of Risk & Insurance
Y1  - 1990/03//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 163
EP  - 164
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00224367
AB  - Reviews the book "Hazardous Waste, Toxic Tort, and Products Liability Insurance Problems," by Irene A. Sullivan.
KW  - PRODUCT liability insurance
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SULLIVAN, Irene A.
KW  - HAZARDOUS Waste, Toxic Tort & Products Liability Insurance Problems (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9603100971; Katzman, Martin T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Mar90, Vol. 57 Issue 1, p163; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCT liability insurance; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: HAZARDOUS Waste, Toxic Tort & Products Liability Insurance Problems (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 524129 Other direct insurance (except life, health and medical) carriers; People: SULLIVAN, Irene A.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 659
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cinotti, L.
AU  - Edery, S.
AU  - Kahn, E.
AU  - Susskind, H.
AU  - Brilla, A.
AU  - Paola, R.
T1  - Luna scintigraphy clustering by texture analysis.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1990/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 359
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154324; Cinotti, L. 1; Edery, S. 2; Kahn, E. 1; Susskind, H. 3; Brilla, A. 3; Paola, R. 1; Source Information: Apr1990, Vol. 16 Issue 4-6, p353; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00842792
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Ambrose, K.
AU  - Dudczak, Robert
AU  - Reske, S.
AU  - Kropp, J.
T1  - Catabolism of 15-(p-lodophenyl)-3-R,S-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) by isolated rat hearts.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1990/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 367
EP  - 368
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154322; Knapp, F. 1; Ambrose, K. 1; Dudczak, Robert 2; Reske, S. 3; Kropp, J. 4; Source Information: Apr1990, Vol. 16 Issue 4-6, p367; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1007/BF00842794
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wagner, Carl
AU  - Tonn, Bruce
AD  - U TN
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Diagnostic Conditionalization
JO  - Mathematical Social Sciences
JF  - Mathematical Social Sciences
Y1  - 1990/04//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
SP  - 159
EP  - 165
SN  - 01654896
N1  - Accession Number: 0235446; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199012
N2  - We describe a generalization of ordinary conditionalization with particular relevance to diagnostic problems. Current diagnostic evidence is represented by a type of lower probability, called a belief function. This belief function is then upgraded to a probability measure by means of an empirical probability recording past relative frequencies of the relevant diagnostic categories.
KW  - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Models General          2110
KW  - Theory of Uncertainty and Information          0261
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01654896
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01654896
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Costello, Kenneth W.
AU  - Hemphill, Ross C.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Competitive Pricing in the Electric Industry
JO  - Resources and Energy
JF  - Resources and Energy
Y1  - 1990/04//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
SP  - 49
EP  - 63
SN  - 01650572
N1  - Accession Number: 0235799; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199012
N2  - This paper deals with pricing in an increasingly competitive electric industry. Many electric utilities face the prospect over the next several years of losing a portion of their industrial load to alternative suppliers and technologies. "Bypass" has become a major concern for electric utilities. This paper first outlines the basic economic issues associated with bypass and the choices confronting regulators when bypass has begun, or is imminent, or a real possibility. It then examines different pricing options for accommodating bypass, focusing on the major features of a flexible pricing rule based on the theory of contestable markets. This rule is designed to effect optimal bypass and thereby maximize the total economic benefits of competitive forces emerging in the electric industry.
KW  - Regulation of Public Utilities          6130
KW  - Energy          7230
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Englin, Jeffrey E.
AU  - Klan, Mark S.
AD  - Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
T1  - Optimal Taxation: Timber and Externalities
JO  - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
Y1  - 1990/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
SP  - 263
EP  - 275
SN  - 00950696
N1  - Accession Number: 0234881; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199012
N2  - The paper presents a model of the relationship between timber taxation and externalities. Optimal pigouvian taxation formulas are derived within this framework for common taxes. A simulation model of Douglas fir is used to estimate the size and direction of these effects. The results show that taxation policy can have a marked impact on the production of externalities, depending on tree species and land productivity.
KW  - Natural Resources General          7210
KW  - National Taxation, Revenue, and Subsidies          3230
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00950696
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00950696
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, G. S.
AU  - Pier, P. A.
AU  - Kelly, J. M.
T1  - Influence of ozone and soil magnesium status on the cold hardiness of loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) seedlings.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1990/05//
VL  - 115
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 164
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - One-year-old half-sib loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) seedling were planted in a sandy loam soil having approximately 15 or 35 mg kg-1 of exchangeable Mg and were exposed to subambient, ambient, or twice ambient (0.02, 0.05, or 0.09 μl O3 l-1, respectively) concentrations of O3 in open-top chambers from April to October 1988. The cold hardiness of seedling was tested on October 24, January 24,and March 21 by subjecting needle samples from the first and last growth flush to temperatures of -5,-10,-15, and -20 °C and determining relative electrical conductivity of the diffusate. Seedlings exposed to twice ambient O3 levels during the growing season were less hardened in early autumn and spring than seedlings exposed to ambient or subambient levels of O3 suggesting that O3 affects the plant's hardening and dehardening processes. Ozone and soil Mg treatments had no significant effects on visible injury of shoots following freezing treatments, nor were any visible symptoms of injury due to O3 evident during the study. Water potential components of excised shoots were estimated using pressure volume analysis. Osmotic potentials became more negative over the dormant peroid, suggesting that solutes had accumulated in the cells as seedling hardened. Seedlings grown in high Mg soil had less negative osmotic potentials in January and March than those grown in Low Mg soil, suggesting that seedling in high Mg soil were more susceptible to cold temperatures,due to greater physiological activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Plants -- Hardiness
KW  - Effect of ozone on plants
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Loblolly pine
KW  - Soils -- Magnesium content
KW  - cold hardiness
KW  - loblolly pine.
KW  - Mg deficiency
KW  - Ozone
N1  - Accession Number: 12407355; Edwards, G. S. 1; Pier, P. A. 1; Kelly, J. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Tennessee Valley Authority, Cooperative Forest Studies Program, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 1506, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA; Issue Info: May90, Vol. 115 Issue 1, p157; Thesaurus Term: Seedlings; Thesaurus Term: Plants -- Hardiness; Thesaurus Term: Effect of ozone on plants; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Loblolly pine; Subject Term: Soils -- Magnesium content; Author-Supplied Keyword: cold hardiness; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mg deficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, S.
T1  - Egg production and feeding by copepods prior to the spring bloom of phytoplankton in Fram Strait, Greenland Sea.
JO  - Marine Biology
JF  - Marine Biology
Y1  - 1990/05/15/
VL  - 106
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 69
SN  - 00253162
AB  - Reproductively active Calanus hyperboreus (Krøyer) and C. glacialis Jaschnov were captured in the upper 100 m of Fram Strait (77° to 79°N) in late winter 1987. There was no evidence of a phytoplankton bloom; chlorophyll a concentrations were uniformly low (<0.1 mg m), and nitrate concentrations were uniformly high (>11.3 mg-at m). Gut-fullness measurements indicated that females were ingesting very little. The maturation state of gonads of both C. hyperboreus and C. glacialis indicated that 75% of females were in a ripe condition consistent with observed egg laying. The lipid content of females laying eggs was reduced in both species compared to that of females not laying eggs. In C. hyperboreus the reduction was 39% and in C. glacialis it was 44%. All the evidence suggests that both C. hyperboreus and C. glacialis were laying eggs in late winter by using lipids stored previously; they were not relying on ambient concentrations of phytoplankton. The daily rate of egg laying by C. glacialis using lipids in late winter exceeded the rate reported for summer when ambient food supplies have been shown to be necessary. It is suggested that individuals, spawned well in advance of the spring bloom of phytoplankton, may comprise a major portion of the annual recruitment to the entire population of C. glacialis in this area, and that their life cycle can be completed within 1 yr. Neither Metridia longa (Lubbock) nor C. finmarchicus (Gunnerus) laid eggs during this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Copepoda
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Plankton
KW  - Plants
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Chloroplast pigments
KW  - Photosynthetic pigments
N1  - Accession Number: 71122561; Smith, S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oceanographic Sciences Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Issue Info: 1990, Vol. 106 Issue 1, p59; Thesaurus Term: Copepoda; Thesaurus Term: Phytoplankton; Thesaurus Term: Plankton; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Subject Term: Chloroplast pigments; Subject Term: Photosynthetic pigments; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF02114675
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane K.
T1  - Before gene cloning .
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1990/06//
VL  - 40
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 463
EP  - 464
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book `Molecular Genetics of Escherichia coli,' by Peter Smith-Keary.
KW  - Molecular genetics
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Smith-Keary, Peter
KW  - Molecular Genetics of Escherichia coli (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9007020493; Setlow, Jane K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Jun90, Vol. 40 Issue 6, p463; Subject Term: Molecular genetics; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Molecular Genetics of Escherichia coli (Book); People: Smith-Keary, Peter; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 596
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pearson, Peter K.
AU  - Sibley, Edgar H.
T1  - Fast Hashing of Variable-Length Text Strings.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1990/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 680
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article focuses on hashing techniques. The relatively rare articles on hashing functions themselves tend to discuss algorithms that operate on values of predetermined length or that make heavy use of operations (multiplication, division, or shifts of long bit strings) that are absent from the instruction sets of smaller microprocessors. Two desirable properties of this algorithm for hashing variable-length strings derive from the technique of cryptographic checksums or message authentication codes, from which it is adapted. First, a good cryptographic checksum ensures that small changes to the data result In large and seemingly random changes to the checksum. In the hashing adaptation, this results in good separation of very similar strings. The purpose of any text hashing function is to take text strings, even very similar text strings and map them onto integers that are spread as uniformly as possible over the intended range of output values. In the absence of prior knowledge about the strings being hashed, a perfectly uniform output distribution cannot be expected.
KW  - FILE organization (Computer science)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ECONOMIC forecasting
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - HASHING (Computer science)
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 5221982; Pearson, Peter K. 1; Sibley, Edgar H.; Affiliations: 1: Computer Scientist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Jun90, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p677; Thesaurus Term: FILE organization (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMIC forecasting; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: HASHING (Computer science); Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/78973.78978
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=5221982&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Storms, Edmund
T1  - Dance of discovery.
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1990/06/09/
VL  - 137
IS  - 23
M3  - Letter
SP  - 355
EP  - 355
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about the need to investigate the accuracy of cold fusion scientifically and objectively rather than with any bias, in relation to the article "Cold Fusion: Wanted Dead and Alive," in the April 7, 1990 issue (page 212) of Science News.
KW  - Cold fusion
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 10146645; Storms, Edmund 1; Affiliations: 1: Staff Member, Nuclear Materials Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.; Issue Info: 6/9/90, Vol. 137 Issue 23, p355; Thesaurus Term: Cold fusion; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 486
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=10146645&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Crawford, Charles R.
AU  - Hill, Richard
AU  - Lytle, Noel K.
AU  - Hubley, Craig
AU  - Max, Nelson L.
AU  - Meyer, Steve
T1  - ACM FORUM.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1990/07//
VL  - 33
IS  - 7
M3  - Letter
SP  - 19
EP  - 127
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues, including an article on certification, "HDTV and the Computer Industry," in the November 1989 issue, and an article on the recipient of the 1989 A.M. Turing Award.
KW  - CERTIFICATION
KW  - COMPUTER industry
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - HIGH definition television
KW  - AWARDS
N1  - Accession Number: 17930326; Crawford, Charles R.; Hill, Richard 1; Lytle, Noel K. 2; Hubley, Craig 3; Max, Nelson L. 4; Meyer, Steve 5; Affiliations: 1: Hewlett-Packard--Middle East Operations, Route du Nant-d'Avril 150, P.O. Box CH-1217, Meyrin 2, Geneva, Switzerland; 2: Lytle and Associates, Inc., P.O. Box 767336, Atlanta, GA 30076-7336; 3: Craig Hubley & Assoc., 700 Spadina Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2J2; 4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550; 5: Pragmatic C Software, 220 Montgomery Street, Suite 925, San Francisco, CA 94104; Issue Info: Jul1990, Vol. 33 Issue 7, p19; Thesaurus Term: CERTIFICATION; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER industry; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: HIGH definition television; Subject Term: AWARDS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=17930326&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan
AU  - Rosenfeld, Arthur H.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab
AD  - 
T1  - Revenue-Neutral Incentives for Efficiency and Environmental Quality
JO  - Contemporary Policy Issues
JF  - Contemporary Policy Issues
Y1  - 1990/07//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
SP  - 142
EP  - 156
SN  - 07350007
N1  - Accession Number: 0238312; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199103
N2  - Recently, interest has grown in using monetary incentives as an efficient way to promote energy efficiency and environmental quality. This paper describes issues raised in designing revenue-neutral incentive policies to achieve these goals. Such policies involve charging fees in proportion to undesirable characteristics. The fees pay for the rebates and for any administrative costs of the program. This paper analyzes the conceptual issues raised in designing such incentive policies to correct for externalities and to promote the efficiency of buildings and automobiles. The paper examines the nature and importance of externalities, presents the rationale for revenue-neutral incentive policies, and describes six revenue-neutral incentive programs for achieving these goals. In addition, it analyzes the criteria that one should use in determining the size of fees and rebates, in light of the large uncertainties. Finally, the paper addresses key implementation issues.
KW  - Conservation and Pollution          7220
KW  - Energy          7230
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0238312&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, S.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Oil Markets under Political and Military Stress
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 1990/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
SP  - 204
EP  - 210
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0238609 Partial authors List; ; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199103
N2  - Econometric and linear programming models were used to evaluate petroleum markets during a politically based disruption and, alternatively, during a military confrontation in 1995. The market scenarios were characterized by a substantial loss of exports from the Persian Gulf region. The hypothetical disruptions resulted in substantially higher prices and reduced in substantially higher prices and reduced supply and demand of refined products, especially fuels for transportation. Oil from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve mitigated the impacts, though the International Energy Agency's oil sharing agreement was not a factor.
KW  - Industry Studies--Extractive Industries--Oil, Gas, and Other Fuels          6323
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0238609&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, David L.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - CAFE or Price? An Analysis of the Effects of Federal Fuel Economy Regulations and Gasoline Price on New Car MPG, 1978-89
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1990/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
SP  - 37
EP  - 57
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0238615; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199103
KW  - Energy          7230
KW  - Industry Studies--Manufacturing--Transportation Equipment          6314
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0238615&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Travis, Curtis
AU  - Bowers, John
T1  - Altered pharmacokinetics of soil-adsorbed benzene administered orally in the rat.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1990/08//
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 207
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study which examines the mechanisms of altering the excretion profile and plasma concentration time course of benzene in rats by the presence of soil. Study used a pharmacokinetic benzene model which is patterned from Ramsey-Andersen model. Study shows that the presence of soil may accentuate the absorption of benzene from the rats' stomach.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Soils
KW  - Animal experimentation
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Rats as laboratory animals
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Absorption (Physiology)
N1  - Accession Number: 70789715; Travis, Curtis 1; Bowers, John 1; Affiliations: 1: Office of Risk Analysis, Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6109 Oak Ridge USA; Issue Info: Aug1990, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p197; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Animal experimentation; Subject Term: Benzene; Subject Term: Rats as laboratory animals; Subject Term: Pharmacokinetics; Subject Term: Absorption (Physiology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01700184
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=70789715&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Pasterczyk, C E
T1  - Mathematical notation in bibliographic databases
JO  - Database Magazine
JF  - Database Magazine
Y1  - 1990/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
EP  - 56
SN  - 01624105
AB  - Crossfile searching of mathematical symbols is discussed. The problem of searching for one concept in a variety of ways is addressed. Variations of the symbols are presented. Recommendations include use of additional references.
KW  - BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - DATABASE searching
KW  - Numerical data
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2503282; Pasterczyk, C E 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM;  Source Info: Aug 1990, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p45; Note: Update Code: 2500; Subject Term: BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: DATABASE searching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical data; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=ISTA2503282&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham, Robin Lambert
AU  - Turner, Monica G.
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
T1  - How increasing CO2 and climate change affect forests.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1990/09//
VL  - 40
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
EP  - 587
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Examines potential forest responses to spatial and temporal scales.  Relationship among climate, atmosphere, soils, biota, and human activities; Biosphere; Biome; Ecosystem; Trees; Future implications.
KW  - Climatic changes -- Research
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Trees
KW  - Geobiology
KW  - Biosphere
KW  - Ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 9010080535; Graham, Robin Lambert 1; Turner, Monica G. 1; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Research scientists, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038; Issue Info: Sep90, Vol. 40 Issue 8, p575; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes -- Research; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Thesaurus Term: Trees; Thesaurus Term: Geobiology; Thesaurus Term: Biosphere; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 11471
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9010080535&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
AU  - Williams, R. Gary
T1  - CULTURE SHOCK AT THE WEAPONS COMPLEX.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1990/09//
VL  - 46
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 33
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Discusses management cultural reform taking place within the United States Department of Energy. Reform measures outlined by Energy Secretary James Watkins; Creation of a comprehensive epidemiology database on human health in the face of low-level ionizing radiation; Researchers assisting from outside the Department.
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Databases
KW  - Management
KW  - Corporate culture
KW  - United States
KW  - GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
KW  - Watkins, James D., 1927-2012
N1  - Accession Number: 13416437; Olshansky, S. Jay 1; Williams, R. Gary 2; Affiliations: 1: demographer, Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois; 2: manager, Social and Natural Resources section at Argonne; Issue Info: Sep1990, Vol. 46 Issue 7, p29; Thesaurus Term: Epidemiology; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: Databases; Subject Term: Management; Subject Term: Corporate culture; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; People: Watkins, James D., 1927-2012; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2915
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13416437&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lach, Joseph
AU  - Lach, Michael
T1  - The conscience of science.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1990/09//
VL  - 46
IS  - 7
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 42
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reviews the book "The Privilege of Being a Physicist," by Victor F. Weisskopf.
KW  - Physics
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Weisskopf, Victor
KW  - Privilege of Being a Physicist, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9010222725; Lach, Joseph 1; Lach, Michael; Affiliations: 1: research scientist, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois; Issue Info: Sep1990, Vol. 46 Issue 7, p42; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Privilege of Being a Physicist, The (Book); People: Weisskopf, Victor; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 745
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9010222725&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reister, David B.
AU  - Christiansen, Daniel S.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Albion College
T1  - The Replacement Cost Integration Program: An Engineering-Economic Model of Oil Supply
JO  - Resources and Energy
JF  - Resources and Energy
Y1  - 1990/09//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
SP  - 263
EP  - 291
SN  - 01650572
N1  - Accession Number: 0243431; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199106
N2  - The Replacement Cost Integration Program (RCIP) forecasts the annual additions to proven reserves and production of domestic crude oil. The inputs to RCIP include parameters (discount rate, tax rate, and supply elasticity), expected oil prices, and process model output. The process model output consists of capital costs, operating costs, and production levels for 31 regions. For each region and year, RCIP calculates expected profits and forecasts the level of reserve additions. Two production profiles relate reserve additions to future oil production. The parameters in the model were estimated using data for 1970 to 1986. Results are presented for two sets of prices: high and low. For the period from 1987 to 1010, the cumulative production of oil increases by 64 percent from the low case to the high case, while the cumulative additions to proven reserves increase by more than a factor of three.
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0243431&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Saljoughian, M.;
T1  - Applying radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine
CT  - Applying radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine
JO  - US Pharmacist (USA)
JF  - US Pharmacist (USA)
Y1  - 1990/09/01/
VL  - 15
IS  - Sep
SP  - H1
EP  - 24
SN  - 01484818
AD  - Natl. Tritium Labeling Facility, Lawrence Berkeley Lab. 75-123, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
N1  - Accession Number: 28-04187; Language: English; Journal Coden: USPHD5; Section Heading: Pharmaceutics; Pharmacy PracticeLegislation, Laws and RegulationsPharmaceutical Technology; Abstract Author: Ellen Katz Neumann
N2  - The field of radiopharmacy and the production and application of its products in nuclear medicine are discussed. The differences between traditional pharmaceuticals and radioactive drugs and their administration are examined. The role and duties of pharmacists in nuclear pharmacy and legal requirements for radiopharmacies, quality control, methods of sterilization and testing for pyrogenicity of injectable radioactive drugs are also addressed. This article qualifies for 2 hours U.S. CE credit by the ACPE.
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--therapy--applications, quality control;
KW  - Drug administration--radiopharmaceuticals;
KW  - Radiopharmacists--role--responsibilities;
KW  - Radiopharmacy--regulations;
KW  - Regulations--radiopharmacy;
KW  - Control, quality--radiopharmaceuticals--injections;
KW  - Sterilization--radiopharmaceuticals--injections;
KW  - Tests--radiopharmaceuticals--pyrogens, injections;
KW  - Contamination--pyrogens--radiopharmaceuticals, injections;
KW  - Pyrogens--contamination--radiopharmaceuticals, injections;
KW  - Injections--radiopharmaceuticals--quality control;
KW  - CE credit--radiopharmaceuticals;
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=28-04187&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, David L.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Fuel Choice for Multi-fuel Vehicles
JO  - Contemporary Policy Issues
JF  - Contemporary Policy Issues
Y1  - 1990/10//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
SP  - 118
EP  - 137
SN  - 07350007
N1  - Accession Number: 0241329; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199106
N2  - Alternative fuel advocates recommend substituting methanol for gasoline since methanol cars potentially pollute less. However, because the substitution is costly and the reduction of ozone precursor emissions is relatively small, using methanol raises questions about cost effectiveness. This study demonstrates that the air quality benefits would be very expensive: The cost effectiveness usually would exceed tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars per ton of reduced volatile organic compound emissions. Only if all the cost and emissions assumptions lined up favorably would be attractive only if the energy-adjusted price difference between gasoline and methanol were just a few cents of gallon.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Debasish
AU  - Foote, Robert S.
AU  - Boulden, Amy M.
AU  - Mitra, Sankar
T1  - Physicochemical studies of human <em>O</em>6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1990/10/24/
VL  - 193
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
EP  - 343
SN  - 00142956
AB  - O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, present in most organisms, removes mutagenic and carcinogenic O6-alkylguanine from DNA by accepting the alkyl group in a stoichiometric reaction. The protein has been partially purified from human placenta. It reacts with second-order rate constants of 2.20 × 108 and 0.067 × 108 lmol-1 min-1 at 37 °C for duplex and single-stranded DNA substrates, respectively. The corresponding value for the alkylated base in synthetic poly(dC, dG, m6G) is 0.02 × 108 1 mol-1 min- 1. The native protein is monomeric with a molecular mass of 22–24 kDa. Methylation of the protein does not lead to a gross change in its conformation but causes a slight reduction in its isoelectric point of 6.2. Although DNA protects the protein from heat inactivation, both duplex and single-stranded DNAs inhibit its activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The transferase reaction rate is also strongly inhibited by salt with about 20% of the maximum rate observed in physiological ionic strength. This inhibition is nonspecific with respect to the ions of univalent salts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHYLTRANSFERASES
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - PLACENTA
KW  - PROTEIN metabolism
KW  - TRANSFERASES
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13721611; Bhattacharyya, Debasish 1; Foote, Robert S. 1; Boulden, Amy M. 1; Mitra, Sankar 2; Source Information: 10/24/90, Vol. 193 Issue 2, p337; Subject: METHYLTRANSFERASES; Subject: NUCLEIC acids; Subject: PLACENTA; Subject: PROTEIN metabolism; Subject: TRANSFERASES; Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Litman, Gary W.
AU  - Haire, Robert N.
AU  - Amemiya, Chris T.
AU  - Shamblott, Michael J.
T1  - Antibody and immunoglobulin diversity. (cover story)
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1990/11//
VL  - 40
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 751
EP  - 757
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Observes differences in gene structure and organization in phylogenetically distant vertebrate species.  Variation in immunity molecules; Evolution of the antibody; Phylogenetic origins of inducible, specific immunity; Immunoglobulin genes in the higher vertebrates; Generation of antibody diversity; Other aspects.
KW  - Phylogeny
KW  - Vertebrates
KW  - Genetic research
KW  - Immunoglobulins
N1  - Accession Number: 9011192234; Litman, Gary W. 1; Haire, Robert N. 2; Amemiya, Chris T. 3; Shamblott, Michael J. 4; Affiliations: 1: Hines Professor of Pediatrics Research, University of South Florida's All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701; 2: Research fellow, American Cancer Society, University of South Florida's All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701; 3: Research fellow, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551; 4: Center for Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21202; Issue Info: Nov90, Vol. 40 Issue 10, p751; Thesaurus Term: Phylogeny; Thesaurus Term: Vertebrates; Subject Term: Genetic research; Subject Term: Immunoglobulins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5341
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rockett, Ian R. H.
AU  - Lieberman, Ellice S.
AU  - Hollinshead, William H.
AU  - Putnam, Sandra L.
AU  - Thode, Henry C.
T1  - Age, Sex, and Road-Use Patterns of Motor Vehicular Trauma in Rhode Island: A Population-Based Hospital Emergency Department Study.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1990/12//
VL  - 80
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1516
EP  - 1518
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Population-based hospital emergency department data on motor vehicle traffic trauma in Rhode Island, 1984-85, are analyzed by age, sex, and road-use status. Annualized rates of overall and severe trauma were 1,195 cases (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1,164, 1,225) and 102 cases (95% CI = 94, 111) per 100,000 population, respectively. Overall and severe rates peaked at ages 15-24 years. Male rate excesses were most pronounced for motorcycle and pedal cycle trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Traffic accidents
KW  - Transportation accidents
KW  - Automotive transportation
KW  - Emergency medical services
KW  - Hospital emergency services
KW  - Motorcycles
KW  - Rhode Island
N1  - Accession Number: 9012241129; Rockett, Ian R. H. 1,2,3,4,5; Lieberman, Ellice S. 1,2,3,4,5; Hollinshead, William H. 1,2,3,4,5; Putnam, Sandra L. 1,2,3,4,5; Thode, Henry C. 1,2,3,4,5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Health, Leisure, and Safety, and the Health Services Research Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville; 2: Department of Maternal and Child Health, Harvard School of Public Health; 3: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; 4: Division of Family Health, Rhode Island Department of Health; 5: Injury Prevention and Analysis Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: Dec1990, Vol. 80 Issue 12, p1516; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles; Thesaurus Term: Transportation; Subject Term: Traffic accidents; Subject Term: Transportation accidents; Subject Term: Automotive transportation; Subject Term: Emergency medical services; Subject Term: Hospital emergency services; Subject Term: Motorcycles; Subject: Rhode Island; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913130 Municipal police services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415190 Recreational and other motor vehicles merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336991 Motorcycle, Bicycle, and Parts Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336990 Other transportation equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 441228 Motorcycle, ATV, and All Other Motor Vehicle Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 441220 Motorcycle, boat and other motor vehicle dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488490 Other Support Activities for Road Transportation; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kszos, Lynn
AU  - Winter, Jimmy
AU  - Storch, Thomas
T1  - Toxicity of chautauqua lake bridge runoff to young-of-the-year sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus).
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1990/12//
VL  - 45
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 923
EP  - 930
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study which evaluates the toxicity of the Chautauqua Lake bridge runoff to young-of-the-year (YOY) bluegill sunfish. The study used 12-d bioassays and measured the water temperature by a glass mercury thermometer. Results show that all bioassays had similar temperatures, but each bioassay had a different alkalinity and conductivity between dilutions.
KW  - Biological assay
KW  - Water temperature
KW  - Alkalinity
KW  - Lakes -- New York (State)
KW  - Bluegill
KW  - Thermometers
KW  - Chautauqua (N.Y.)
KW  - New York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 70789821; Kszos, Lynn 1; Winter, Jimmy 2; Storch, Thomas 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6351 Oak Ridge USA; 2: Environmental Resources Center, State University of New York College at Fredonia, 14063 Fredonia USA; Issue Info: Dec1990, Vol. 45 Issue 6, p923; Thesaurus Term: Biological assay; Thesaurus Term: Water temperature; Thesaurus Term: Alkalinity; Subject Term: Lakes -- New York (State); Subject Term: Bluegill; Subject Term: Thermometers; Subject: Chautauqua (N.Y.); Subject: New York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01701094
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=70789821&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, S. D.
AU  - Reid, C. P. P.
T1  - Implication of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the cytokinin relations of loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.).
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1990/12//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 688
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Seven ectomycorrhizal fungi were screened by a soybean cell division bioassay to determine their potential for cytokinin synthesis. Fungal isolates of <em>Rhizopogon roseolus</em> (Corda) Hollos and <em>Suillus punctipes</em> (Peck) Sing. released significant quantities of cytokinin-like substances into the culture medium. In contrast, <em>Cenococcum geophilum</em> (Fr.), <em>Hebeloma crustuliniforme</em> (Bull. ex. St. Amans) Qual., <em>Pisolithus tinctorius</em> (Pers.) Coker and Couch, <em>Suillus granulatus</em> (L. ex. Fr.) O. Kuntze, and <em>Thelephora terrestris</em> (Ehrh.) Fr. failed to elicit a positive cytokinin response in the soybean bioassay. Purification of <em>S. punctipes</em> culture filtrates by cation exchange, organic solvent partitioning, and separation on Sephadex LH-20 revealed the presence of compounds with the same retention volume as zeatin and zeatin riboside. Greenhouse studies with loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) indicated that, together with improved plant growth and enhanced mineral nutrition, <em>P. tinctorius</em> mediated a significant effect on host cytokinin relations. Cytokinin activity of extracted needles increased 44 and 30% for 12- and 14-month-old seedings, respectively, following ectomycorrhizal establishment. Axenically grown seedlings colonized by <em>S. punctipes</em> showed no alterations in growth, nutrition, or cytokinin concentration, compared to non-inoculated controls, even though mycorrhizal formation exceeded 30%. The ability of ectomycorrhizal fungi to affect host cytokinins was not dependent upon an ability to synthesize cytokinins in pure culture. Results are discussed in relation to improved mineral nutrition, enhanced root growth, and increased short-root proliferation in the ectomycorrhizal association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Cell division (Biology)
KW  - Biological assay
KW  - Loblolly pine
KW  - Ectomycorrhizal fungi
KW  - Cytokinins
KW  - ectomycorrhizal fungi
KW  - loblolly pine
KW  - symbiosis.
N1  - Accession Number: 12499700; Wullschleger, S. D. 1; Reid, C. P. P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, U.S.A.; 2: Department of Forestry, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.; Issue Info: Dec90, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p681; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Cell division (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Biological assay; Subject Term: Loblolly pine; Subject Term: Ectomycorrhizal fungi; Subject Term: Cytokinins; Author-Supplied Keyword: ectomycorrhizal fungi; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: symbiosis.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, M. B.
AU  - Kelly, J. M.
AU  - Taylor Jr., G. E.
AU  - Edwards, N. T.
T1  - Growth of five families of <em>Pinus taeda</em> L. during three years of ozone exposure.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1990/12//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 689
EP  - 694
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) seedlings of five half-sib families were grown for 3 yr in the field in open-top chambers. The seedlings were fumigated during the growing seasons (approximately April--October) with ozone at the following target levels: subambient (CF), ambient (AMB), and ambient +60 ppb (AMB +). At the end of the three growing seasons, no significant ozone effects on diameter, height or total biomass of the seedlings were detected, and no statistically significant ozone-family interactions were detected. Analysis of growth trends suggest that drought during the second and third growing seasons may have interacted with the ozone treatments. The importance of long-term studies under realistic field conditions is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Droughts
KW  - Loblolly pine
KW  - drought effects.
KW  - genotypic variations
KW  - loblolly pine
N1  - Accession Number: 12499701; Adams, M. B. 1; Kelly, J. M. 2; Taylor Jr., G. E. 3; Edwards, N. T. 4; Affiliations: 1: USDA Forest Service, Timber and Watershed Laboratory, Parsons, WV 26287, USA.; 2: Tennessee Valley Authority, Cooperative Forest Studies Program, P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA.; 3: Biological Sciences Center, Desert Research Institute, P.O. Box 60220, Reno, NV 89506-0220 USA.; 4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA.; Issue Info: Dec90, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p689; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Seedlings; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Droughts; Subject Term: Loblolly pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought effects.; Author-Supplied Keyword: genotypic variations; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Grado, T.
AU  - Holden, J.
AU  - Gatley, S.
T1  - Catabolism of 15-( p-iodophenyl)- R,S-β-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) by isolated rat hearts.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1990/12/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 188
EP  - 189
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154389; Grado, T. 1; Holden, J. 2; Gatley, S. 3; Source Information: 1990, Vol. 17 Issue 3/4, p188; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1007/BF00811449
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Casdali, M
AU  - Farmer, J D
AU  - Gibson, J
T1  - A theory of state space reconstruction in the presence of noise
JO  - A theory of state space reconstruction in the presence of noise
JF  - A theory of state space reconstruction in the presence of noise
Y1  - 1991///
M3  - Book Chapter
SP  - 61
EP  - 96
SN  - 0306437123
AB  - This paper studies the problem of reconstructing a state space with observational noise, examining the likelihood for a particular state given a series of noisy observations. The authors define a quantity called the distortion, which is proportional to the covariance of the likelihood function. Several asymptotic scaling laws for distortion and noise amplification are derived.
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Information flow
KW  - Noise (information retrieval)
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2603747; Casdali, M 1; Farmer, J D; Gibson, J; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM;  Source Info: 1991, p61; Note: Place of Publication: United States; Note: Publisher: Plenum Press; Note: Update Code: 2600; Subject Term: INFORMATION theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Noise (information retrieval); Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Book Chapter
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=ISTA2603747&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Ross, Marc
AD  - U MI and Argonne National Laboratory
A2  - Tester, Jefferson W.
A2  - Wood, David O.
A2  - Ferrari, Nancy A.
T1  - Modeling the Energy Intensity and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in U.S. Manufacturing
T2  - Energy and the environment in the 21st century
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1991///
SP  - 297
EP  - 310
N1  - Accession Number: 0335510; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-20078-3; Keywords: Emissions;  Energy;  Manufacturing; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199412
KW  - Industry Studies: Manufacturing: General          L60
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Energy: General          Q40
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0335510&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - McElroy, D. L.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Tester, Jefferson W.
A2  - Wood, David O.
A2  - Ferrari, Nancy A.
T1  - Building Materials Research Program
T2  - Energy and the environment in the 21st century
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1991///
SP  - 517
EP  - 524
N1  - Accession Number: 0335531; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-20078-3; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199412
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy: Other          Q49
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0335531&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Till, C. E.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
A2  - Tester, Jefferson W.
A2  - Wood, David O.
A2  - Ferrari, Nancy A.
T1  - Advanced Reactor Development: The Liquid Metal Integral Fast Reactor Program at Argonne
T2  - Energy and the environment in the 21st century
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1991///
SP  - 717
EP  - 723
N1  - Accession Number: 0335555; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-20078-3; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199412
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0335555&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Tester, Jefferson W.
A2  - Wood, David O.
A2  - Ferrari, Nancy A.
T1  - Encouraging Electric-Utility Energy-Efficiency and Load-Management Programs
T2  - Energy and the environment in the 21st century
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1991///
SP  - 813
EP  - 821
N1  - Accession Number: 0335564; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-20078-3; Keywords: Energy Efficiency;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199412
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0335564&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Morris, Samuel C.
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
A2  - Tester, Jefferson W.
A2  - Wood, David O.
A2  - Ferrari, Nancy A.
T1  - A Least Cost Energy Analysis of U.S. CO[subscript]2 Reduction Options
T2  - Energy and the environment in the 21st century
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1991///
SP  - 865
EP  - 876
N1  - Accession Number: 0335568 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-20078-3; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199412
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
KW  - Energy: General          Q40
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0335568&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Hartley, Dan L.
AU  - Schueler, Donald G.
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
A2  - Tester, Jefferson W.
A2  - Wood, David O.
A2  - Ferrari, Nancy A.
T1  - Perspectives on Renewable Energy and the Environment
T2  - Energy and the environment in the 21st century
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1991///
SP  - 923
EP  - 929
N1  - Accession Number: 0335572; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-20078-3; Keywords: Energy;  Environment; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199412
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0335572&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Brown, D. W.
AU  - Potter, R. M.
AU  - Myers, C. W.
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
A2  - Tester, Jefferson W.
A2  - Wood, David O.
A2  - Ferrari, Nancy A.
T1  - Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy--An Emerging Energy Resource with Large Worldwide Potential
T2  - Energy and the environment in the 21st century
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1991///
SP  - 931
EP  - 942
N1  - Accession Number: 0335573; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-20078-3; Keywords: Energy;  Resources; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199412
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0335573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howarth, Richard B.
AU  - Schipper, Lee
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab
T1  - Manufacturing Energy Use in Eight OECD Countries: Trends through 1988
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1991///
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
SP  - 15
EP  - 40
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0263171; Keywords: Energy;  Manufacturing; Geographic Descriptors: OECD; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199206
N2  - This paper reviews the evolution of manufacturing energy use in eight industrialized nations: West Germany, Denmark, France, Japan, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Manufacturing energy use fell in these nations by 16 percent between 1973 and 1988 while manufacturing value-added increased by 41 percent. Reduced energy intensities in six industry groups--paper and pulp; chemicals, stone, clay, and glass; iron and steel; nonferrous metals; and other manufacturing--were the primary source of this apparent decoupling of energy use and output. Between 1973 and 1988, intensity reductions would have driven down sectoral energy use by 32 percent if the level and composition of output had remained constant. Structural change, or shifts in the product mix, would have reduced energy use by 11 percent if the total level of output and the energy intensities of each industry group had remained constant.
KW  - Energy and the Macroeconomy          Q43
KW  - Industry Studies: Manufacturing: General          L60
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0263171&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cantor, Robin
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Applying Construction Lessons to Decommissioning Estimates
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1991///Special Issue
VL  - 12
SP  - 105
EP  - 117
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0245276; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199109
N2  - One of the standard practices in estimating costs for new procedures is to apply past experience. In this chapter, Robin Cantor uses prudency hearings and other data from power plant construction to illuminate some of the pitfalls likely to be encountered in preparing estimates for power plant decommissioning. Two of the most tempting pitfalls are scale and learning economies. She suggests that these presumed economies have had less impact on keeping construction costs down than expected, and that they also are unlikely to have much effect on decommissioning costs. Ignoring such evidence, she suggests, could result in decommissioning cost estimates that are too low and collection strategies that are inadequate. This finding has implications for future generations and future decommissioning options.
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0245276&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sathaye, Jayant
AU  - Ketoff, Andrea
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab
T1  - CO2 Emissions from Major Developing Countries: Better Understanding the Role of Energy in the Long Term
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1991///
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
SP  - 161
EP  - 196
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0245268; Keywords: CO2;  Emissions;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: LDCs; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199109
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0245268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rose, Kenneth A.
AU  - Smith, Eric P.
AU  - Gardner, Robert H.
AU  - Brenkert, Antoinette L.
AU  - Bartell, Steven M.
T1  - Parameter Sensitivities, Monte Carlo Filtering, and Model Forecasting under Uncertainty.
JO  - Journal of Forecasting
JF  - Journal of Forecasting
Y1  - 1991/01//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 133
SN  - 02776693
AB  - Complex models are often used to make predictions of environmental effects over a broad range of temporal and spatial scales. The data necessary to adequately estimate the parameters of these complex models are often not available. Monte Carlo filtering, the process of rejecting sets of model simulations that fail to meet prespecified criteria of model performance, is a useful procedure for objectively establishing parameter values and improving confidence in model predictions. This paper uses a foodweb model to examine the relationship between model sensitivities and Monte Carlo filtering. Results show that Monte Carlo filtering with a behavior definition that is closely related to the sensitivity structure of the model will produce substantial reductions in model forecasting uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Forecasting is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORECASTING
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SCIENTIFIC method
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Calibration Parameter estimation
KW  - Monte Carlo filtering
KW  - Parameter sensitivity
KW  - Prediction uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 4946794; Rose, Kenneth A. 1; Smith, Eric P. 2; Gardner, Robert H. 1; Brenkert, Antoinette L. 3; Bartell, Steven M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S.A.; 2: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, U. S.A.; 3: Science Applications International Corporation, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jan1991, Vol. 10 Issue 1/2, p117; Thesaurus Term: FORECASTING; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC method; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration Parameter estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo filtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parameter sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prediction uncertainty; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
T1  - Sixth Symposium on Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions: Abstracts.
JO  - Sixth Symposium on Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions: Abstracts
JF  - Sixth Symposium on Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions: Abstracts
Y1  - 1991/01//1/ 1/1991
M3  - Article
SP  - NoPg.
AB  - This item contains abstracts of the 1991 symposium on the containment of underground nuclear explosions, held at the University of Nevada in Reno.
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing
N1  - Accession Number: 33805436; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 1/ 1/1991, pNoPg.; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
T1  - Redirecting research efforts.
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1991/01/12/
VL  - 139
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents the author's response to a letter to the editor about human longevity.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Life expectancy
N1  - Accession Number: 10093056; Olshansky, S. Jay 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Chicago, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill.; Issue Info: 1/12/91, Vol. 139 Issue 2, p19; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Life expectancy; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 148
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
AU  - LaRoche, Julie
T1  - ACCLIMATION TO SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE IN ALGAE.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1991/02//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 14
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Physiological acclimation to changes in light intensity and spectral quality is an important factor determining variations in photosynthetic responses and growth rates of algae in nature. Photoacclimation occurs on a number of levels. This review uses the term "acclimation" to refer to physiological processes as distinct from adaptation, which refers to evolutional processes. Morphologically it is accompanied by changes in cell volume, the number and density of thylakoid membranes, the size of pyrenoids and other storage bodies within plastids, and sometimes by changes in the number of plastids per cell. On a cellular level there are changes in pigment and lipid content and composition.
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Acclimatization
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Algal growth
KW  - Thylakoids
KW  - Plastids
N1  - Accession Number: 10868738; Falkowski, Paul G. 1; LaRoche, Julie 1; Affiliations: 1: Oceanographic and Atomosperice Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Issue Info: Feb91, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p8; Thesaurus Term: Physiology; Thesaurus Term: Acclimatization; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Algal growth; Subject Term: Thylakoids; Subject Term: Plastids; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10868738
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steinman, Alan D.
T1  - EFFECTS OF HERBIVORE SIZE AND HUNGER LEVEL OF PERIPHYTON COMMUNITIES.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1991/02//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 59
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The Effects of herbivore size and hunger level were tested on lotic periphyton community structure and ash-free dry mass (AFDM). My hypothese were 1) that small herbivores would remove more periphyton per unit biomass than large herbivores of the same species because of energetic demands and 2) that within the same size class, starved herbivores would remove more periphyton than nonstarved herbivores. The herbivore used was the prosobranch snail Elimia clavaeformis Lea. Seven treatments were employed: 1) no snails (control); 2) small "starved" annals;3) large "starved" snails' 4 (small and large "starved" snails; 3) small fed snails; 6) large fed snails removed significant amounts of periphyton 'AFDM relative to controls, neither snail size nor degree of starvation had a significant effect on loss of total AFDM. Small snails removed significantly more erect forms of Stigeoclonium tenue (C. A. AG) Kütz, than large snails, but snail size had no other significant effect. Starved snails removed significantly more cocconeis placentula Ehr.than fed snails, suggesting that after the more susceptible growth forms (e.g. erect stigeoclonium) were removed, cocconeis cells became more vulnerable to grazing by hungry snails. When small and large snails were combined in chambers, large snails gained weight over time, whereas small snails lost weight. These results suggest that intraspecific competition may occur within populations of Elimia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Periphyton
KW  - Snails
KW  - Herbivores
KW  - Hunger
KW  - Cocconeis
KW  - competition
KW  - Elimia
KW  - Growth form
KW  - herebivory
KW  - periphyton
KW  - sanils
KW  - Stigeoclonium
KW  - streams.
N1  - Accession Number: 10868979; Steinman, Alan D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008.; Issue Info: Feb91, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p54; Thesaurus Term: Periphyton; Thesaurus Term: Snails; Thesaurus Term: Herbivores; Subject Term: Hunger; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cocconeis; Author-Supplied Keyword: competition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elimia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth form; Author-Supplied Keyword: herebivory; Author-Supplied Keyword: periphyton; Author-Supplied Keyword: sanils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stigeoclonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: streams.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10868979
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feldman, David L.
T1  - The great plains Garrison Diversion Unit and the search for an environmental ethic.
JO  - Policy Sciences
JF  - Policy Sciences
Y1  - 1991/02//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 64
SN  - 00322687
AB  - The Garrison Diversion Unit (GDU) was authorized by Congress in 1965. ft is one of the largest and most expensive public works projects ever undertaken in the United States. When completed, it may become the last major federal irrigation scheme constructed in the west. its principal purposes are: (1) to irrigate some 250,000 acres of arabic land in North Dakota, (2) provide water for municipal and industrial use in fourteen communities, and (3) enhance recreational opportunities and fish and wildlife management programs within, and adjacent to, the canals and reservoirs resulting from its construction. The project is to be financed by hydropower sales from Lake Sakakawea, created when Garrison Darn was completed in 1956.' Concerted litigation, Canadian opposition, and federal budget cuts have sharply reduced the size and scope of GDU since 1984. Its irrigable acreage has been reduced by over 50%. a principal feeder reservoir has been etiminated, and provision of municipal and industrial water delivery has been moved from second to first priority by a Congressional commission. The GDU controversy illustrates the consequences of the lack of a coherent environmental ethic guiding American natural resources policy. These consequences are two-fold. First, although GDU's impacts extend to Canada, there is Little agreement between the U.S. and Canada over what values should guide transboundary water resources development. Second, American beneficiaries of the project define its need in `pre-emptory' terms - i.e., as compensation to an entire region for losses of land associated with the original construction of Garrison Dam. Opponents, meanwhile, argue their case in `meliorative' terms - i.e., that the costs to society of building additional water projects are not outweighed by their benefits. While both views have some merit, neither view can alone encompass the range of social, economic, and environ- mental consequences of complex river basin development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Policy Sciences is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUDGET
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL ethics
KW  - PUBLIC works
KW  - IRRIGATION
KW  - WILDLIFE management
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - HYDROELECTRICITY PROJECTS
KW  - PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
KW  - PROGRAM PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 16912959; Feldman, David L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb1991, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p41; Thesaurus Term: BUDGET; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL ethics; Subject Term: PUBLIC works; Subject Term: IRRIGATION; Subject Term: WILDLIFE management; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: HYDROELECTRICITY PROJECTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: PROGRAM PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921130 Public Finance Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banci, Lucia
AU  - Bertini, Ivano
AU  - Cabelli, Diane E.
AU  - Hallewell, Robert A.
AU  - Tung, James W.
AU  - Viezzoli, Maria Silvia
T1  - A characterization of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mutants at position 124.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1991/02/26/
VL  - 196
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 128
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Substitution of the completely conserved aspartic acid residue at position 124 of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase with asparagine and glycine has been performed through site-directed mutagenesis on the human enzyme. Asp124 is H-bonded to the NH of two histidines, one of which is bound to copper and the other to zinc. The mutant proteins, as expressed in Escherichia coli, result in an essential zinc-free enzyme which is similar to that obtained from the wild-type derivative through chemical manipulation. Only by extensive dialysis against 0.5 M ZnCl2 or CoCl2 at pH 5.4 was it possible to reconstitute approximately 50% of the molecules in the Cu2Zn2 or Cu2Co2 form. The new derivatives have been characterized through EPR, CD and nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion techniques. The Cu2Cox derivatives (x ≈ 1) were used to monitor, through electronic and ¹H-NMR spectroscopies, the metal sites which are found to be similar to those of the wild type. In addition, a double substitution with asparagine has been made, replacing the invariant aspartate at position 124 and the highly conserved aspartate at position 125. The behavior is similar to that of the other mutants in most respects. The Cu2E2 (E = empty) derivatives of the mutants are stable, even in the pH range 8-10, whereas in the case of the Cu2E2 derivative of the wild type, copper migration occurs at high pH, producing both Cu2Cu2 and apo derivatives. The activity measurements indicate that the various Cu2E2 derivatives have the same activity at tow pH and similar to that of the holoenzyme. A full profile up to pH 10.5 was obtained for the mutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASPARTIC acid
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - SUPEROXIDE dismutase
KW  - ZINC
KW  - COPPER in the body
N1  - Accession Number: 13736323; Banci, Lucia 1; Bertini, Ivano 1; Cabelli, Diane E. 2; Hallewell, Robert A. 3; Tung, James W. 3; Viezzoli, Maria Silvia 1; Source Information: 2/26/91, Vol. 196 Issue 1, p123; Subject: ASPARTIC acid; Subject: ENZYMES; Subject: MUTAGENESIS; Subject: SUPEROXIDE dismutase; Subject: ZINC; Subject: COPPER in the body; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Rosenberger, Paul W.
AU  - DeLio, Anthony P.
AU  - Besmann, Theodore M.
AU  - Rossin, A. David
AU  - Fulgoni, Gian M.
AU  - Semon, Thomas T.
AU  - Seilken, Marvin H.
T1  - Readers Report.
JO  - BusinessWeek
JF  - BusinessWeek
J1  - BusinessWeek
PY  - 1991/03/18/
Y1  - 1991/03/18/
IS  - 3204
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 13
SN  - 00077135
AB  - Presents several letters to the editor referencing articles and topics published in earlier issues of the journal "BusinessWeek." Discussion on the energy policy of the U.S.; Need to build nuclear plants to continue replacing oil and minimizing the use of fossil fuels; Information relating to marketing research companies; Reference to the article "Understanding the mind of the Middle East."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - MARKETING research companies
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 17678721; Source Information: 3/18/91, Issue 3204, p6; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ENERGY policy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: MARKETING research companies; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Letter; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazer, J. J.
AU  - Stevenson, C. M.
AU  - Ebert, W. L.
AU  - Bates, J. K.
T1  - THE EXPERIMENTAL HYDRATION OF OBSIDIAN AS AN FUNCTION OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY AND TEMPERATURE.
JO  - American Antiquity
JF  - American Antiquity
Y1  - 1991/04//
VL  - 56
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 504
EP  - 53
SN  - 00027316
AB  - The experimental hydration of obsidian for up to 30 days is described at relative humidities (RB) of 60, 90, 95, and 100 percent and at temperatures of 150, 160, and 175°C. Under isothermal conditions, the rate of hydration increased by as much as 25 percent between 60 and 100 percent RH. The RH dependence is nonlinear, with the majority of the rate increase occurring between 90 and 100 percent RH. The effect of RH can be related to the driving force for molecular water diffusion in obsidians as described by the chemical potential difference between water sorbed onto the obsidian surface and intrinsic water in the obsidian. The differences in hydration rates caused by RH differences in experiments approximate the error commonly described for obsidian-hydration dating. These results suggest that obsidian-hydration dating requires a knowledge of the site temperature and relative humidity in order to accurately generate age estimates. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Se describe la hidratación experimental de obsidiana por hasta 30 días, a humedades relaiivas (HR) de 60, 90, 95, y 100 por ciento y a temperaturas de 150, 160 y 175°C. En condiciones isotérmicas, el grado de hidratación aumentó hasta un 25 por ciento entre 60 y 100 por ciento de HR. El efecto de la HR puede estar relacionado con lafuerza que impulsa Ia difusión molecular del agua en obsidianas, descripta por Ia dtferencia en el potencial químico entre el agua absorbida en Ia superficie y el agua intrínseca en Ia obsidiana. La diferencia en los grados de hidratación causada por diferencias en HR durante los experiment os se aproxima al error comunmente descripto para Ia datación por hiratación de obsidiana. Estos resultados sugieren que la datación por hidratación de obsidiana requiere el conocimiento de Ia temperatura y humedad relativa del sitio a fin de generar estimaciones de antigüedad exactas. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Antiquity is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Obsidian
KW  - Archaeology research
KW  - Hydration
KW  - Humidity
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Water
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Errors
KW  - Research
N1  - Accession Number: 27435445; Mazer, J. J. 1; Stevenson, C. M. 2; Ebert, W. L. 1; Bates, J. K. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL; 2 : Archaeological and Historical Consultants, Inc., Centre Hall, PA;  Source Info: Apr91, Vol. 56 Issue 2, p504; Thesaurus Term: Obsidian; Thesaurus Term: Archaeology research; Subject Term: Hydration; Subject Term: Humidity; Subject Term: Diffusion; Subject Term: Water; Subject Term: Temperature; Subject Term: Errors; Subject Term: Research; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, David L.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - A Note on OPEC Market Power and Oil Prices
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 1991/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
SP  - 123
EP  - 129
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0245255; Keywords: OPEC;  Oil Price;  Oil; Geographic Descriptors: OPEC; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199109
KW  - Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies          L12
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - O'Neill, E.G.
T1  - Leaf area compensation and nutrient interactions in CO2-enriched seedlings of yellow-poplar (<em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L.).
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1991/04//
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 528
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The responses of yellow-poplar (<em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L.) seedlings to elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 were investigated to identify attributes governing growth and physiological responses to CO2. Based on the pattern of leaf initiation and nutrient requirements of the species, it was predicted that (1) CO2 enrichment would enhance growth of yellow-poplar seedlings both through accelerated leaf area production and through higher rates of carbon assimilation per unit leaf area; and (2) growth enhancement of yellow-poplar by CO2 enrichment would be reduced by nutrient limitations. The hypotheses were tested in an experiment in which yellow-poplar plants were grown from seed for 24 weeks in controlled-environment chambers. The experimental design comprised three atmospheric CO2 concentrations (371, 493, and 787 cm³ m-3), two levels of mineral nutrients (unfertilized or weekly additions of complete nutrient solution), and three harvests (6, 12, and 24 weeks). Plant growth rate, water use, foliar gas exchange, component dry weights, and nutrient contents were measured. Both hypotheses were rejected. Whole-plant dry weight increased similarly with CO2 enrichment in plants provided with additional mineral nutrients and in unfertilized plants, although the fertilized plants grew 10-fold larger. The increase in dry weight resulting from elevated CO2 occurred only in root systems. Although leaves were produced continuously during the experiment, leaf area was slightly reduced in elevated CO2, and the whole-plant growth response was wholly attributable to an increase in carbon assimilation per unit leaf area. Although the compensation between photosynthesis and leaf area reduced the potential growth response to CO2, the reduction in leaf area ratio was associated with a significant increase in water-use efficiency. This unexpected result demonstrated the importance of feedbacks and interactions between resources in shaping the response of a plant to CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Leaves -- Physiology
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Plant nutrients
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L. (yellow-poplar)
KW  - Atmospheric CO2
KW  - CO2 assimilation
KW  - nutrient deficiency
KW  - water-use efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 12694960; Norby, Richard J. 1; O'Neill, E.G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Issue Info: Apr91, Vol. 117 Issue 4, p515; Thesaurus Term: Leaves -- Physiology; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Thesaurus Term: Plant nutrients; Thesaurus Term: Seedlings; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L. (yellow-poplar); Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient deficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: water-use efficiency; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Technical Competence of Integrated Resource Plans Prepared by Electric Utilities
JO  - Resources and Energy
JF  - Resources and Energy
Y1  - 1991/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SP  - 39
EP  - 55
SN  - 01650572
N1  - Accession Number: 0249429 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Electric Utilities;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199112
N2  - Integrated resource planning is a new way for electric utilities and state regulatory commissions to cost-effectively meet future energy-service needs. As part of this process, many utilities prepare long-term plans that integrate demand-side programs into the utility's mix of resources. This paper discusses guidelines for the preparation and review of utility reports on their resource plans, focusing on the technical competence of the underlying analysis. Load forecast, demand-side resources, supply resources, integration of resources, and treatment of uncertainty are discussed.
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guldmann, Jean-Michel
AU  - Hanson, Donald A.
AD  - OH State U
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Natural Gas Market Expansion and Delivery Infrastructure Costs: The Case of New England
JO  - Resources and Energy
JF  - Resources and Energy
Y1  - 1991/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SP  - 57
EP  - 94
SN  - 01650572
N1  - Accession Number: 0249430; Keywords: Gas;  Natural Gas; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199112
N2  - A methodology is developed to assess the size of potential regional markets for natural gas and the resulting gas delivery infrastructure costs to be incurred in serving these markets, including distribution, transmission, storage, and other operating costs. Its application to the New England region suggests that the optimal penetration strategy must involve new customers located in metropolitan areas endowed with distribution lines, and particularly large industrial and electric utility customers. However, connecting communities in remote, low-density rural areas, is, in most cases, economically unfeasible. The results also suggest that price discrimination favoring residential customers is widespread, pointing to the need for changes in cost allocation and pricing practices.
KW  - Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities          L95
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coughlan, Sean J.
AU  - Davenport, James W.
AU  - Hind, Geoffrey
T1  - Reactive blue 2 is a potent inhibitor of a thylakoid protein kinase.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1991/04/23/
VL  - 197
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 471
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The anthraquinone dye reactive blue 2 was found to be a potent inhibitor of a protein kinase isolated and purified from thylakoids. This enzyme was also inhibited in situ, with corresponding inhibition of ATP-dependent quenching of the chlorophyll fluorescence. The mode of inhibition was noncompetitive, with a K1 of 8 μM for the membrane-bound kinase, and 6 μM for the purified kinase. The inhibitor did not modify the substrate preference of the endogenous kinase and could be removed from the membrane by washing. Unlike reactive blue 2, the enzyme did not partition into detergent micelles and is therefore presumably not a hydrophobic, intrinsic membrane protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENZYME inhibitors
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - THYLAKOIDS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - COLLOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 13747394; Coughlan, Sean J. 1; Davenport, James W. 1; Hind, Geoffrey 1; Source Information: 4/23/91, Vol. 197 Issue 2, p467; Subject: ENZYME inhibitors; Subject: PROTEIN kinases; Subject: THYLAKOIDS; Subject: FLUORESCENCE; Subject: MEMBRANE proteins; Subject: COLLOIDS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gustafson, John R.
T1  - Misleading wording?
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1991/04/27/
VL  - 139
IS  - 17
M3  - Letter
SP  - 259
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor in response to the article "A radical mechanism for methane buildup," in the February 23, 1991 issue.
KW  - Methane
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 10199650; Gustafson, John R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Senior Public Information Specialist, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 4/27/91, Vol. 139 Issue 17, p259; Thesaurus Term: Methane; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 1/8p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 185
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanford, George S.
AU  - Boyar, Robert E.
T1  - Power players.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1991/05//
VL  - 47
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 45
EP  - 46
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reviews the book 'Nuclear Politics,'  by James M. Jasper.
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Jasper, James M.
KW  - Nuclear Politics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11492801; Stanford, George S. 1; Boyar, Robert E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: May1991, Vol. 47 Issue 4, p45; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Nuclear Politics (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; People: Jasper, James M.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
T1  - Root and soil respiration responses to ozone in Pinus taeda L. seedlings.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1991/06//
VL  - 118
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
EP  - 321
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Respiration rates of roots of loblolly pine (<em>Pinus toeda</em> L.) seedlings decreased in response to elevated ozone (O3) concentrations. Estimated annual root respiration rates were 12 % less in seedlings exposed to twice-ambient O3 (7 h mean = 70-110 nl 1-1) than in seedlings exposed to sub-ambient O3 (7 h mean = 20-40 nl 1-1). Measurements taken during periods of relatively rapid and of negligible root growth suggest that the reduced root respiration may be due to both reduced maintenance respiration and reduced growth respiration. Respiration rates of the soil substrate of the O3-exposed seedlings were also below those of the substrate of seedlings exposed to sub-ambient O3. The study supports the theory that there is a reduced supply of photosynthates to the roots of plants exposed to elevated O3. It is hypothesized that a reduced supply of photosynthates to the roots may affect soil respiration rates by reducing root exudation rates and, consequently, reducing rhizosphere microbial populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Loblolly pine
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - Photosynthates
KW  - <em>Pinus taeda</em>.
KW  - open-top chambers
KW  - Root respiration
KW  - soil respiration. ozone
N1  - Accession Number: 12421404; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Issue Info: Jun91, Vol. 118 Issue 2, p315; Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Seedlings; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Subject Term: Loblolly pine; Subject Term: Carbohydrates; Subject Term: Photosynthates; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Pinus taeda</em>.; Author-Supplied Keyword: open-top chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Root respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil respiration. ozone; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, Sujit
AU  - Lee, Russell
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - A Computerized System to Estimate Potential Uranium Resources
JO  - Resources and Energy
JF  - Resources and Energy
Y1  - 1991/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
SP  - 201
EP  - 215
SN  - 01650572
N1  - Accession Number: 0254157; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199203
N2  - The URAD system is the only comprehensive computerized database for information and estimates of the quantity of undiscovered uranium resources in the United States. The database includes subjective estimates of uranium endowment and geographic and geologic descriptions for approximately 700 area-specific assessments. The estimated quantity of undiscovered resources are represented in the form of probability distributions. This probabilistic approach makes the uncertainty about these resources explicit.
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillips, Richard L.
T1  - MediaView: A GENERAL MULTIMEDIA DIGITAL PUBLICATION SYSTEM.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1991/07//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 83
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Describes the components and applications of the multimedia digital publication system, MediaView designed to integrate media-rich hardware and software capabilities of the NeXT computer.  Applications in communication; Aspects of MediaView documents; Structure and components of MediaView; Considerations for authoring a document.
KW  - MULTIMEDIA systems
KW  - APPLICATION software
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - DOCUMENTATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11758642; Phillips, Richard L. 1; Email Address: rlp@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Computer Graphics Group, Computing and Communications Division of the Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jul1991, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p75; Thesaurus Term: MULTIMEDIA systems; Thesaurus Term: APPLICATION software; Thesaurus Term: DIGITAL communications; Thesaurus Term: DOCUMENTATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kropp, Joachim
AU  - Likungu, James
AU  - Kirchhoff, Paul
AU  - Knapp, Furn
AU  - Reichmann, Karl
AU  - Reske, Sven
AU  - Biersack, Hans-Jürgen
T1  - Single photon emission tomography imaging of myocardial oxidative metabolism with 15-( p-[I]iodophenyl) pentadecanoic acid in patients with coronary artery disease and aorto-coronary bypass graft surgery.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1991/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 474
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71144246; Kropp, Joachim 1; Likungu, James 2; Kirchhoff, Paul 2; Knapp, Furn 3; Reichmann, Karl 1; Reske, Sven 4; Biersack, Hans-Jürgen 1; Source Information: Jul1991, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p467; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00181285
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furman, Necah S.
T1  - AMERICAN INDIAN TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS (Book).
JO  - Journal of the West
JF  - Journal of the West
Y1  - 1991/07//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 107
EP  - 107
SN  - 00225169
AB  - Reviewed: American Indian Tribal Governments. O'Brien, Sharon.
KW  - INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas -- Politics & government
KW  - O'Brien, Sharon
KW  - O'BRIEN, Shannon
KW  - AMERICAN Indian Tribal Governments (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12363158; Furman, Necah S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, NM;  Source Info: Jul91, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p107; Note: Publication Information: Norman: U. of Oklahoma Pr., 1989. 349 pp.; Historical Period: 1980 to 1989; Subject Term: INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas -- Politics & government; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miaou, Shaw-Pin
AU  - Chin, Shih-Miao
T1  - Computing k-shortest path for nuclear spent fuel highway transportation.
JO  - European Journal of Operational Research
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
Y1  - 1991/07/05/
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 64
EP  - 80
SN  - 03772217
AB  - Four k-shortest path algorithms were implemented to select a set of optimal routes for transporting nuclear spent fuel on the U.S. Interstate highway system. Origin-destination pairs drawn from a selection of six nuclear reactors and two potential repository sites across the U.S. were used for evaluation of the computational performance of each algorithm. The first two algorithms maintained a priority queue under two different management systems, a linear search and a binary heap. The third was an adaptive algorithm which exploited the knowledge of the Euclidean distances between nodes to reduce search effort. The relative effectiveness of these algorithms in determining the k-shortest path was examined in terms of computation time. Finally, a simple (or loopless) path algorithm, which required only a minor modification of the original k-shortest path algorithm, was introduced for situations in which a large set of simple paths was needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Operational Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - AUTOMOTIVE transportation
KW  - EXPRESS highways -- United States
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - computational analysis
KW  - networks
KW  - nuclear spent fuel
KW  - Transportation
N1  - Accession Number: 8496058; Miaou, Shaw-Pin 1; Chin, Shih-Miao 2; Affiliations: 1: Energy, Environment, and Resources Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.; 2: Center for Transportation Analysis, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; Issue Info: 7/5/91, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p64; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Subject Term: AUTOMOTIVE transportation; Subject Term: EXPRESS highways -- United States; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear spent fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488490 Other Support Activities for Road Transportation; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 15 Charts, 2 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tjoelker, M. G.
AU  - Luxmoore, R. J.
T1  - Soil nitrogen and chronic ozone stress influence physiology, growth and nutrient status of Pinus taeda L. and Liriodendron tulipifera L. seedlings.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1991/09//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 81
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The effects of soil nitrogen availability and chronic ozone stress on carbon and nutrient economy were investigated in loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) and yellow-poplar (<em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L.). One-year-old seedlings were planted individually in pots in forest soil of low (58 μg g-1), medium (96 μg g-1) or high (172 μg g-1) initial concentrations of soluble nitrogen. The seedlings were exposed to ozone in open-top field chambers at sub-ambient (charcoal-filtered air), ambient, and elevated (ambient+60 nl l-1 O3) (32, 56, 108 nl l-1 O3, 7 h seasonal mean, respectively) levels for 18 weeks. At final harvest loblolly pine dry matter increased by 50% at the highest soil N level relative to the low with the largest gains in new needle biomass. Elevated ozone reduced the biomass of current-year needles by 20% in plants grown at the highest N level. Higher soil N supply increased the concentration of nitrogen in needles, stimulated current-year needle photosynthesis and increased needle and whole-plant water-use efficiencies. Ozone treatment had no significant effect on photosynthesis or water-use efficiency in either species, although ozone exposure tended to reduce stomatal conductance in loblolly pine. The low N treatment increased the proportion of dry matter allocated to line roots in yellow-poplar, but whole-plant dry weight had not responded to N fertilization at the final harvest, suggesting other limitations on growth. Ozone exposure increased leaf abscission and doubled leaf turnover in yellow-poplar. Although yellow-poplar was highly sensitive to ozone-induced leaf abscission, final whole-plant dry weights were not affected. The indeterminate growth habit of yellow-poplar permitted compensatory leaf growth which may have ameliorated effects of chronic ozone stress on biomass gain. Ozone exposure also decreased shoot weight more than root weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soils
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Pine
KW  - Liriodendron
KW  - <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> (yellow-poplar)
KW  - <em>Pinus taeda</em> (Loblolly pine)
KW  - air pollution.
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - ozone
N1  - Accession Number: 12427619; Tjoelker, M. G. 1; Luxmoore, R. J. 2; Affiliations: 1: University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources, 115 Green Hall, 1530 North Cleveland Ave., St Paul, MN 55108, USA.; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Bldg. 1506 P.O. Box 2008, MS-6034, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034 USA.; Issue Info: Sep91, Vol. 119 Issue 1, p69; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Pine; Subject Term: Liriodendron; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> (yellow-poplar); Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Pinus taeda</em> (Loblolly pine); Author-Supplied Keyword: air pollution.; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pons, María Elena
AU  - Díaz, Asunción
AU  - Lacks, Sanford A.
AU  - López, Paloma
T1  - The polymerase domain of <em> Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> DNA polymerase I.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1991/10//10/1/91
VL  - 201
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
EP  - 155
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The 3′-terminal two-thirds of the Streptococcus pneumoniae polA gene was cloned in an Escherichia coli gene-fusion vector with inducible expression. The resulting recombinant plasmid (pSM10) directs the hyperproduction of a polypeptide of 70.6 kDa corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of pneumococcal DNA polymerase I. Induced cells synthesized catalytically active protein to the extent of 7% of the total soluble protein in the cells. The polymerase fragment was purified to greater than 90% homogeneity with a yield of 1.5 mg pure protein/I culture. The protein has DNA polymerase activity, but no exonuclease activity. The enzyme requires a divalent cation (MgCl2 or MnCl2) for polymerization of DNA. Comparison of the mutant and wild-type pneumococcal polymerases shows that the construction did not affect the enzymatic affinity for the various substrates. The mutant protein, like its parent DNA polymerase I, exhibited an intermediate level of activity with primed single-stranded DNA. At high molar ratio of enzyme/DNA substrate, the polymerase fragment catalyzes strand displacement and switching after completing the replication of a primed single-stranded M13 DNA molecule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae
KW  - CLONING
KW  - PLASMIDS
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 13726515; Pons, María Elena 1; Díaz, Asunción 1; Lacks, Sanford A. 2; López, Paloma 1; Source Information: 10/1/91, Vol. 201 Issue 1, p147; Subject: GENES; Subject: STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae; Subject: CLONING; Subject: PLASMIDS; Subject: DNA polymerases; Subject: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, O.L.
T1  - Computer-assisted Flexible Routing of the Mass Transit Bus Systems.
JO  - Transportation Quarterly
JF  - Transportation Quarterly
Y1  - 1991/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 581
EP  - 598
SN  - 02789434
AB  - Describes a concept of using computers to develop flexible routing programs for mass transit bus systems.  Features of the proposed computer-assisted flexible routing system; Methods of control of routing systems; Refinements of existing concepts; Results of preliminary technical assessment; Results of preliminary economic assessment; Definition of representative bus system; Operating costs of fixed scheduling; Operating costs of flexible scheduling.
KW  - PUBLIC transit
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - SCHEDULING
KW  - BUS travel
KW  - TRAFFIC ROUTING
N1  - Accession Number: 11459364; Smith, O.L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Oct91, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p581; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC transit; Thesaurus Term: TRANSPORTATION; Thesaurus Term: SCHEDULING; Subject Term: BUS travel; Author-Supplied Keyword: TRAFFIC ROUTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485113 Bus and Other Motor Vehicle Transit Systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485210 Interurban and Rural Bus Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485111 Mixed Mode Transit Systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485119 Other Urban Transit Systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485110 Urban transit systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Storms, Edmund
T1  - Cold fusion, continued.
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1991/10/12/
VL  - 140
IS  - 15
M3  - Letter
SP  - 227
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor discussing methods to refine cold fusion experimenting methods, in relation to the article "Cold ConFusion," in the June 22, 1991 issue (page 392) of Science News.
KW  - Cold fusion
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 10186199; Storms, Edmund 1; Affiliations: 1: Materials Scientist, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 10/12/91, Vol. 140 Issue 15, p227; Thesaurus Term: Cold fusion; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/7p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 159
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marsh, Gerald
T1  - THE UPS AND DOWNS OF DOWNLOADING. (cover story)
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1991/11//
VL  - 47
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 23
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - This article discusses the ups and downs of downloading or decreasing the number of warheads on ballistic missiles that have multiple warheads as set by the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START). The main argument for decreasing the number of warheads on a missile is that being able to spread the total number of warheads set by START over more missiles that allows the strategic nuclear force to be more flexibly configured. It can also save money. In addition, most strategic thinkers believing the number of warheads on land-based, multiple-warhead missiles would enhance stability in a crisis. Originally the U.S. favored downloading and Soviet Union opposed it, but by Round XIV in 1990 the two sides had essentially reversed positions. The reasons for this are complex, involving competing views in U.S. agencies and presumably in the Soviet Union as well. The issue of how downloading relates to crisis stability is more complex. The START compromise on downloading, however, enhances crisis stability. First, it specifies that if an intercontinental ballistic missile is downloaded by more than two warheads, it must be equipped with a new front-section platform, and all old platforms must be destroyed.
KW  - Ballistic missiles
KW  - Intercontinental ballistic missiles
KW  - Nuclear arms control -- International cooperation
KW  - Treaties
KW  - United States
KW  - Soviet Union
N1  - Accession Number: 9111112165; Marsh, Gerald 1; Affiliations: 1: Defence Analyst and Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Issue Info: Nov1991, Vol. 47 Issue 9, p21; Subject Term: Ballistic missiles; Subject Term: Intercontinental ballistic missiles; Subject Term: Nuclear arms control -- International cooperation; Subject Term: Treaties; Subject: United States; Subject: Soviet Union; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teller, Edward
T1  - NUCLEAR GLASNOST. (cover story)
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1991/11//
VL  - 47
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 35
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - This article offers views on the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) and on whether the destruction of all nuclear weapons is a desirable or realistic goal. According to the author, START is probably good news. Defense against nuclear attack carried by thousands of missiles will continue to look like an insoluble problem. But the author believes that a slow reduction in the number of long-range nuclear missiles may make solving the problem somewhat more practical. On the other hand, completely eliminating nuclear arsenals would leave the world vulnerable to the Saddam Husseins who, with dictatorial regimes, manage to violate international agreements on weapons on mass destruction. Therefore, in the author's view, the destruction of all nuclear weapons is not a desirable or realistic goal. In the long run, according to him, a true end to the Cold War should carry with it universal opposition to aggression and international cooperation in developing defensive systems. The author believes that the success in developing strategic defensive systems requires a plan ambitious enough to be significant, but limited to the extent that it should be feasible. In his opinion, the most essential ingredient is a general policy of openness.
KW  - Nuclear weapons
KW  - Nuclear arms control -- International cooperation
KW  - Weapons of mass destruction
KW  - Cold War, 1945-1989
KW  - Treaties
N1  - Accession Number: 9111112171; Teller, Edward 1; Affiliations: 1: Director Emeritus, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Issue Info: Nov1991, Vol. 47 Issue 9, p34; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear weapons; Subject Term: Nuclear arms control -- International cooperation; Subject Term: Weapons of mass destruction; Subject Term: Cold War, 1945-1989; Subject Term: Treaties; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fee, J. A.
T1  - Regulation of sod genes in Escherichia coli: relevance to superoxide dismutase function.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 1991/11//
VL  - 5
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2599
EP  - 2610
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - This review is concerned with the effects of environmental perturbations on the expression of the two superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes in <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>sodA</em>, MnSOD; <em>sodB</em>, FeSOD). Early studies using SOD activity, showed that MnSOD levels respond to changes in oxygen tension, type of substrata, redox active compounds, iron concentration, the nature of the terminal oxidant, and the redox potential of the medium. FeSOD levels appeared nominally insensitive to these perturbations. More recent molecular genetic studies revealed that <em>sodA</em> expression is subject to regulation by three major regulatory systems: <em>fur (ferric uptake regulation</em>) and <em>arcA arcB</em> (aerobic respiratory control) mediate repression of <em>sodA</em>, while a relatively new system, <em>soxR soxS</em> (superoxide response), mediates activation of <em>sodA</em> expression. By contrast, <em>sodB</em> expression, which is much less studied at this time, appears to be positively activated <em>in trans by fur</em>. A rudimentary gene regulation model is presented which rationalizes past observations, is experimentally testable, and should serve as a guide to future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Genes
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 16070045; Fee, J. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biochemistry Section and Stable Isotope Resource, Isotope and Structural Chemistry Group (INC-4), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Issue Info: Nov1991, Vol. 5 Issue 11, p2599; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia coli; Subject Term: Enzymes; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kostrikis, L. G.
AU  - Reisberg, S. A.
AU  - Simon, M. N.
AU  - Wall, J. S.
AU  - Day, L. A.
T1  - Export of infectious particles by Escherichia colt transfected with the RF DNA of Pf1, a virus of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain K.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 1991/11//
VL  - 5
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2641
EP  - 2647
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Pf1 is a filamentous, single-stranded DNA virus that has <em>Pseudomas aeruginosa</em> (strain K) as host. It is the longest of the filamentous bacterial viruses, and the DNA within it has the most extended conformation known. Pf1 virus cannot infect <em>Escherichia coli</em> (strain MM294) cells, but when these cells are transfected with the double-stranded replicative form of Pf1 DNA (RF DNA, 7.35 kb), they export low levels of infectious particles that create plaques on lawns of <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. Several different structural species, at least two of which are infectious, are exported. One of them. called Epf1, has virtually the same structure as Pf1, but the amount of Epf1 exported by <em>E. coli</em> is 104 lower than the amount of Pf1 exported by <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. The results imply that host factors affect not only the efficiency of virus assembly and export, but also the actual structures of the species exported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Viruses
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Pseudomonas aeruginosa
KW  - Deoxyribose
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 16070072; Kostrikis, L. G. 1; Reisberg, S. A. 1; Simon, M. N. 2; Wall, J. S. 2; Day, L. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: The Public Health Research Institute, 455 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA; 2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Issue Info: Nov1991, Vol. 5 Issue 11, p2641; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia coli; Thesaurus Term: Viruses; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia; Subject Term: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Subject Term: Deoxyribose; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallagher, Mark A.
AU  - Kelly, Elizabeth J.
T1  - A NEW METHODOLOGY FOR MILITARY FORCE STRUCTURE ANALYSIS.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1991/11//Nov/Dec91
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 877
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - A new methodology provides military decision makers with information on the aggregate effectiveness of large-scale conventional (nonnuclear) and combined nuclear and conventional force structures against a wide range of targets. This methodology coupled a generic data base of representative targets, to which real-world targets can be mapped, with a nuclear force-exchange model that uses goal programming techniques to determine optimal allocations of weapons to targets. This methodology enabled military strategists to analyze the effectiveness of existing and proposed weapon systems against a variety of targets and to study a number of force structures constrained by proposed force reduction treaties and tight defense budgets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - ARMED Forces -- Appropriations & expenditures
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - ARMED Forces
KW  - MILITARY strategy
KW  - AIR forces
KW  - WEAPONS
KW  - WEAPONS systems
KW  - MILITARY weapons
N1  - Accession Number: 4493463; Gallagher, Mark A. 1; Kelly, Elizabeth J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico.; Issue Info: Nov/Dec91, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p877; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: ARMED Forces -- Appropriations & expenditures; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: ARMED Forces; Subject Term: MILITARY strategy; Subject Term: AIR forces; Subject Term: WEAPONS; Subject Term: WEAPONS systems; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Currin, Carla
AU  - Mitchell, Toby
AU  - Morris, Max
AU  - Ylvisaker, Don
T1  - Bayesian Prediction of Deterministic Functions, With Applications to the Design and Analysis of Computer Experiments.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1991/12//
VL  - 86
IS  - 416
M3  - Article
SP  - 953
EP  - 963
SN  - 01621459
AB  - This article is concerned with prediction of a function y(t) over a (multidimensional) domain T, given the function values at a set of "sites" {t&(1), t(2) t(n)} in T, and with the design, that is, with the selection of those sites. The motivating application is the design and analysis of computer experiments, where t determines the input to a computer model of a physical or behavioral system, and y(t) is a response that is part of the output or is calculated from it. Following a Bayesian formulation, prior uncertainty about the function y is expressed by means of a random function Y, which is taken here to be a Gaussian stochastic process. The mean of the posterior process can be used as the prediction function y(t), and the variance can be used as a measure of uncertainty. This kind of approach has been used previously in Bayesian interpolation and IS strongly related to the kriging methods used in geostatistics. Here emphasis is placed on product linear and product cubic correlation functions, which yield prediction functions that are, respectively, linear or cubic splines in every dimension. A posterior entropy criterion is adopted for design, this minimizes the expected uncertainty about the posterior process, as measured by the entropy. A computational algorithm for finding entropy-optimal designs on multidimensional grids is described. Several examples are presented, including a two-dimensional experiment on a computer model of a thermal energy storage device and a six-dimensional experiment on an integrated circuit simulator. Predictions are made using several different families of correlation functions, with parameters chosen to maximize the likelihood For comparison, predictions are also made via least squares fitting of various polynomial and spline models. The Bayesian design/prediction methods, which do not require any modeling of v, produce comparatively good predictions, For some correlation functions, however, the... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - HARMONIC drives
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - POWER (Mechanics)
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - Computer models
KW  - Correlation function
KW  - Cross-validation
KW  - Entropy
KW  - Experimental design
KW  - Interpolation
KW  - Kringing
KW  - Optimal design
KW  - Spline fitting
N1  - Accession Number: 9705310527; Currin, Carla 1; Mitchell, Toby 2; Morris, Max 2; Ylvisaker, Don 3; Affiliations: 1: Graduate Student, Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; 2: Research Staff Member, Mathematical Sciences Section, Engineering Physics and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 3: Professor, Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024; Issue Info: Dec91, Vol. 86 Issue 416, p953; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: HARMONIC drives; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: POWER (Mechanics); Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Correlation function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kringing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimal design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spline fitting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 9869
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Warshawsky, G S
AU  - Bollinger, W A
T1  - A model for providing online search results to multiple end users via a distributed networking scheme
JO  - A model for providing online search results to multiple end users via a distributed networking scheme
JF  - A model for providing online search results to multiple end users via a distributed networking scheme
Y1  - 1992///
M3  - Book Chapter
SP  - 427
EP  - 434
AB  - In today's information-rich society end-users need continuing help in accessing and manipulating the vast amounts of information available from diverse electronic sources. Using advanced communications and networking soft/hardware arrangements (i.e. terminal emulators, LANs, WANs, etc.) it is not only feasible, but cost effective, for the competent information professional to develop multi-user environments offering quick, often simultaneous, access to platforms of mainframe, supermini, or personal computers working together from numerous locations. The ability of such network arrangements to access, download, store, retrieve, share, and otherwise manipulate data to extract additional information or simply ease its use can be very attractive. This paper examines a model which connects and enhances typical commercial database systems to create a medium-sized information network for multiple end-users. Areas explored include the legal issues involved, various possible soft/hardware configurations, the multi-user environment, and further future possibilities.
KW  - LIBRARY users
KW  - INFORMATION dissemination
KW  - Distributed systems
KW  - Information networks
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA2702260; Warshawsky, G S 1; Bollinger, W A; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA;  Source Info: 1992, p427; Note: Place of Publication: United States; Note: Publisher: Learned Information; Note: Update Code: 2700; Subject Term: LIBRARY users; Subject Term: INFORMATION dissemination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information networks; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, David A.
AU  - Bettinger, Robert L.
T1  - THE NUMIC SPREAD: A COMPUTER SIMULATION.
JO  - American Antiquity
JF  - American Antiquity
Y1  - 1992/01//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 99
SN  - 00027316
AB  - Proposes a mathematical model for the hypothesized northward migrations of Numic-speaking peoples - Ute, Shoshoni, and Paiute Indians - from a base in eastern California across the Great Basin during the second millennium AD. (English)
AB  - En el presente artículo desarrollamos un modelo matemático de Ia dispersión de pueblos de habla Numic en Ia Great Basin durante el segundo milenio A.D. El modelo se basa en las ideas de Bettinger y Baumhoff (1982), quienes proponen una interacción competitiva entre pueblos Numic y Prenumic en Ia región. Utilizamos ecuaciones diferenciales para representar la migración de las poblaciones mediante un proceso de difusión en un área equivalente a Ia Great Basin. Las variables demográficas se determinaron en base a datos etnográficos, en tanto que los índices de migración se ajustan al tiempo requerido para completar la dipersión. El modelo predice una distribución espacia! de las lenguas Numic que coincide satisfactoriamente con las observaciones y sugiere nuevas líneas de investigación. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Antiquity is the property of Society for American Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Author-supplied Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMIC (North American people)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - NUMIC languages
KW  - ETHNOLOGY
KW  - HUMAN migrations
KW  - UTE (North American people)
KW  - SHOSHONI (North American people)
KW  - HUMAN settlements
KW  - PAIUTE (North American people)
KW  - INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas
KW  - GREAT Basin
KW  - California, Eastern
N1  - Accession Number: 26237200; Young, David A. 1; Bettinger, Robert L. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550; 2 : Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616;  Source Info: Jan92, Vol. 57 Issue 1, p85; Historical Period: 900 to 1799; Subject Term: NUMIC (North American people); Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: NUMIC languages; Subject Term: ETHNOLOGY; Subject Term: HUMAN migrations; Subject Term: UTE (North American people); Subject Term: SHOSHONI (North American people); Subject Term: HUMAN settlements; Subject Term: PAIUTE (North American people); Subject Term: INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas; Subject: GREAT Basin; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edmunds, Thomas A.
AU  - Bard, Jonathan F.
T1  - AN ALGORITHM FOR THE MIXED-INTEGER NONLINEAR BILEVEL PROGRAMMING PROBLEM.
JO  - Annals of Operations Research
JF  - Annals of Operations Research
Y1  - 1992/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 162
SN  - 02545330
AB  - The bilevel programming problem (BLPP) is a two-person nonzero sum game in which play is sequential and cooperation is not permitted. In this paper, we examine a class of BLPPs where the leader controls a set of continuous and discrete variables and tries to minimize a convex nonlinear objective function. The follower's objective function is a convex quadratic in a continuous decision space. All constraints arc assumed to be linear. A branch and bound algorithm is developed that finds global optima. The main purpose of this paper is to identify efficient branching rules, and to determine the computational burden of the numeric procedures. Extensive test results are reported. We close by showing that it is not readily possible to extend the algorithm to the more general case involving integer follower variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Operations Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - INTEGER programming
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - GAME theory
KW  - OPERATIONS research
N1  - Accession Number: 18698269; Edmunds, Thomas A. 1; Bard, Jonathan F. 2; Affiliations: 1: Systems Research Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Operations Research Group, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Issue Info: 1992, Vol. 34 Issue 1-4, p149; Thesaurus Term: NONLINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: INTEGER programming; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Thesaurus Term: GAME theory; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 8 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - DeVolpi, Alex
T1  - Two-track verification for chemical treaty.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1992/01//Jan/Feb1992
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 45
EP  - 47
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Chemical Inspectors: On the Outside Looking In?" by Amy Smithson in the October 1991 issue.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Weapons of mass destruction
N1  - Accession Number: 20789080; DeVolpi, Alex 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Jan/Feb1992, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Weapons of mass destruction; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Price and Cost Impacts of Utility DSM Programs
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1992///
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
SP  - 75
EP  - 90
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0277129; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199306
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Economics of Regulation          L51
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, David L.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Vehicle Use and Fuel Economy: How Big Is the 'Rebound' Effect?
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1992///
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SP  - 117
EP  - 143
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0266739; Keywords: Fuel;  Vehicles; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199209
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment          L62
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Santini, D. J.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
A2  - Moroney, John R.
T1  - The Petroleum Problem: The Increasing Need to Develop Alternative Transportation Fuels
T2  - Energy, growth, and the environment
PB  - Advances in the Economics of Energy and Resources, vol. 7.
PB  - Greenwich, Conn. and London:
PB  - JAI Press
Y1  - 1992///
SP  - 59
EP  - 99
N1  - Accession Number: 0367435; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-89232-947-5; Keywords: Fuel; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199512
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
KW  - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q31
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Santini, D. J.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
A2  - Moroney, John R.
T1  - Energy and the Macroeconomy: Capital Spending after an Energy Cost Shock
T2  - Energy, growth, and the environment
PB  - Advances in the Economics of Energy and Resources, vol. 7.
PB  - Greenwich, Conn. and London:
PB  - JAI Press
Y1  - 1992///
SP  - 101
EP  - 124
N1  - Accession Number: 0367436; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-89232-947-5; Keywords: Energy; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199512
KW  - Energy and the Macroeconomy          Q43
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Boyd, Gale A.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
A2  - Sterner, Thomas
T1  - Forecasting Industrial Energy Use
T2  - International energy economics
PB  - International Studies in Economic Modelling.
PB  - London; New York; Tokyo and Melbourne:
PB  - Chapman and Hall
Y1  - 1992///
SP  - 11
EP  - 29
N1  - Accession Number: 0365938; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-412-35280-X; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199512
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reister, David B.
AU  - Guth, Michael A. S.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Credit Suisse First Boston, Ltd, London
T1  - The Bang-Bang Production of Depletable Natural Resources
JO  - Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali
JF  - Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali
Y1  - 1992/01//
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
SP  - 5
EP  - 22
SN  - 00356751
N1  - Accession Number: 0268418; Keywords: Natural Resource;  Oil Price;  Oil;  Resources; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199209
N2  - This paper reconsiders the problem of determining the optimal production path for a depletable natural resource. The classical result of Hotelling is that the resource owner is indifferent between producing and not producing when the net price of the resource is increasing with the interest rate. However, the sharp increases and decreases in oil price in the last decade illustrate that the net price may not always increase with the interest rate, the Pontryagin Maximum Principle can be used to extend the classical result to a problem with a bang-bang production schedule and to problems with increasing extraction costs.
KW  - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q31
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Domke, William K.
AD  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, U CA
A2  - Mintz, Alex
T1  - Do Leaders Make a Difference? Posture and Politics in the Defense Budget
T2  - The political economy of military spending in the United States
PB  - London and New York:
PB  - Routledge
Y1  - 1992///
SP  - 33
EP  - 51
N1  - Accession Number: 0379362; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-415-07595-5; Keywords: Budget;  Defense; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199604
KW  - National Security and War          H56
KW  - National Budget; Budget Systems          H61
KW  - Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption          D73
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Schuler, Richard
AU  - Palmer, Russell
AU  - Wallace, David W.
AU  - Besmann, Theodore M.
AU  - Bailey, Marsha
AU  - Fuller, Millard
AU  - Engelhardt, John
T1  - Readers Report.
JO  - BusinessWeek
JF  - BusinessWeek
J1  - BusinessWeek
PY  - 1992/05/25/
Y1  - 1992/05/25/
IS  - 3267
M3  - Letter
SP  - 7
EP  - 10
SN  - 00077135
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "Want Campaign-Finance Reform? Just Check the Box" in the April 27, 1992 issue, "Mr. Castro Goes to Market" in the April 20, 1992 issue and "Revamp Welfare to Put Children First," by Gary Becker in the March 30, 1992 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - CAMPAIGN funds
KW  - CHILD care
KW  - CHILD care services
KW  - CUBA
N1  - Accession Number: 18385461; Source Information: 5/25/92, Issue 3267, p7; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: CAMPAIGN funds; Subject Term: CHILD care; Subject Term: CHILD care services; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: CUBA; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Document Type: Letter; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jarvis, Eric E.
AU  - Dunahay, Terri G.
AU  - Brown, Lewis M.
T1  - DNA NUCLEOSIDE COMPOSITION AND METHYLATION IN SEVERAL SPECIES OF MICROALGAE.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1992/06//
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
EP  - 362
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Total DNA was isolated from 10 species of microalgae, including representatives of the Chlorophyceae (Chlorella ellipsiodea, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and Monoraphidium minutum), Bacillariophyceae (Cyclotella cyptica, Navicula saprophila, Nitzschia pusilla, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum), Charophyceae (Stichococcus sp.), Dinophyceae (Crypthecodinium cohnii), and Prasinophycaea (Tetraselmis suecica). Control samples of Escherichia coli and calf thymus DNA were also analyzed. The nucleoside base composition of each DNA sample was determined by reversed-phase high perfomance liquid chromatography. All samples contained 5-methyldeoxycytidine, although at widely varying levels. In M.minutum, about one-third of the cytidine residues were methylated. Restriction analysis supported this high degree of methylation in M.minutum, about one-third of the cytidine residues were methylated. Restriction analysis supported this high degree of methylation in M. minutum and suggested that methylation is biased toward 5'-CG dinucleotides. The guanosine + cytosine (GC) contents of the green algae were, with the exception of Stichococcus sp., consistently higher than those of the diatoms. Monoraphidium minutum exhibited an extremely high GC content of 71%. Such a value is rare among eukaryotic organisms and might indicate an unusual codon usage. This work is important for developing strategies for transformation and gene cloning in these algae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Microalgae
KW  - Algae
KW  - Algology
KW  - Nucleosides
KW  - Methylation
KW  - DNA
KW  - Crypthecodinium cohnii
KW  - Cyclotella cryptica
KW  - DNA composition
KW  - DNA methylation
KW  - GC content
KW  - Monoraphidium minutum
KW  - Nitzchia psilla
KW  - Phaeodactylum tricornutum
KW  - Stichcoccus
KW  - Tetraselmis suecica.
N1  - Accession Number: 10760617; Jarvis, Eric E. 1; Dunahay, Terri G. 1; Brown, Lewis M. 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Issue Info: Jun92, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p356; Thesaurus Term: Microalgae; Thesaurus Term: Algae; Thesaurus Term: Algology; Subject Term: Nucleosides; Subject Term: Methylation; Subject Term: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crypthecodinium cohnii; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclotella cryptica; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA methylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: GC content; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monoraphidium minutum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitzchia psilla; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stichcoccus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetraselmis suecica.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112519 Other Aquaculture; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10760617
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Picard, Richard
AU  - Bryson, Maurice
T1  - Calibrated Seismic Verification of the Threshold Test Ban Treaty.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1992/06//
VL  - 87
IS  - 418
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 299
SN  - 01621459
AB  - To improve verification of the Threshold Test Ban Treaty, the United States and Russia have embarked on an effort to make on-site yield measurements of each other's nuclear tests. Beyond their direct use in verification, these measurements also may prove useful in calibrating a monitoring system based on seismic magnitudes. The relative merits of seismic monitoring vis-a-vis on-site measurement have been at the core of a long-standing controversy. Many seismic verification problems hinge on statistical issues, including linear calibration based on a small data set and the formal use of expert opinion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - STATISTICAL decision making
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NUCLEAR threshold (Military strategy)
KW  - SOVIET Union -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - Arms control
KW  - Bayesian methods
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Expert opinion
KW  - Verification technology
N1  - Accession Number: 9705252997; Picard, Richard 1; Bryson, Maurice 1; Affiliations: 1: Members, Technical staff, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Issue Info: Jun92, Vol. 87 Issue 418, p293; Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICAL decision making; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR threshold (Military strategy); Subject Term: SOVIET Union -- Foreign relations -- United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arms control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expert opinion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Verification technology; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5782
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simmons, Margaret L.
AU  - Wasserman, Harvey J.
AU  - Lubeck, Olaf. M.
AU  - Eoyang, Christopher
AU  - Mendez, Raul
AU  - Harada, Hiroo
AU  - Ishiguro, Misako
T1  - A PERFORMANCE COMPARISON of Four Supercomputers.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1992/08//
VL  - 35
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
EP  - 124
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The first vector supercomputers manufactured by non-Us. companies were the Fujitsu VP-200, the Hitachi S810/20, and the NEC SX-2, which appeared as early as 1983. An early performance evaluation of the VP-200 and the S810/20, using benchmark codes designed to represent the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) computing work-load, showed that the VP-200 could be two to three times as fast as a single (9.5ns) CRAY X-MP/24 processor for highly vectorized codes, although the scalar performance of the two machines was comparable [5]. The S810/20 did not perform as well as the X-MP and the VP-200, largely because of a longer central processing unit (CPU) clock period and poorer scalar performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12497804; Simmons, Margaret L. 1; Wasserman, Harvey J. 1; Lubeck, Olaf. M. 1; Eoyang, Christopher; Mendez, Raul 2; Email Address: mendez@isr.recruit.co.jp; Harada, Hiroo 3; Ishiguro, Misako 4; Affiliations: 1: Staff Member, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Computer Research Group.; 2: Director, Institute for Supercomputing Research in Tokyo, Japan.; 3: Research Scientist, Computing and Information Systems Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute.; 4: Professor, Ibaraki University in Japan.; Issue Info: Aug1992, Vol. 35 Issue 8, p116; Thesaurus Term: HIGH performance computing; Thesaurus Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject: NEW Mexico; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/135226.135234
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, S. D.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Gunderson, C. A.
T1  - Growth and maintenance respiration in leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera L. exposed to long-term carbon dioxide enrichment in the field.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1992/08//
VL  - 121
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 523
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Specific respiration rate (SRR) was mathematically partitioned into its growth and maintenance components for leaves of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.)after 3 yr of CO2 enrichment in open-top field chambers. Despite the absence of a CO2 effect on individual leaf expansion or specific growth rate (SGR), increasing the CO2 concentration to ambient + 150 or + 300 cm3 m-3 decreased SRR by 28 to 45% compared with ambient-grown controls. These lower leaf respiration rates were correlated with reduced leaf nitrogen concentrations. As described by the two-component model of growth and maintenance respiration, SRR was a linear function of SGR. Ambient-grown leaves had a growth respiration coefficient of 704 mg CO2 g-1 dry mass compared with 572 and 570 mg CO2 g-1 for leaves grown at the two higher CO2, concentrations. Leaves from the elevated CO2 treatments had an average maintenance respiration coefficient of 88 mg CO2 g-1 dry mass d-1 compared with 135 mg CO2 g-1 d-1 for leaves from the ambient treatment. Incorporating these growth and maintenance coefficients into a leaf growth simulation model indicated that total respiration would be reduced by 21 to 26% for a leaf exposed to + 150 or + 300 cm3 m3 CO2 throughout its 50-d lifespan compared with one grown at ambient CO2 conditions. Reductions in total respiration were dominated by a lower rate of maintenance respiration, while the contribution of a lower specific rate of growth respiration was largely offset by a greater dry mass for leaves grown at elevated CO2 concentrations. Although reductions in the respiratory loss of carbon could be beneficial, respiration is unlikely to decrease without a concomitant decrease in other metabolic processes. Whether these reductions are beneficial or detrimental to the long-term growth of plants exposed to elevated CO2 remains unresolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Respiration in plants
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - dark respiration.
KW  - growth respiration
KW  - maintenance respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 12415953; Wullschleger, S. D. 1; Norby, R. J. 1; Gunderson, C. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Issue Info: Aug92, Vol. 121 Issue 4, p515; Thesaurus Term: Respiration in plants; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; Author-Supplied Keyword: dark respiration.; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: maintenance respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hwang, Yong K.
AU  - Narendra Ahuja
T1  - Gross Motion Planning -- A Survey.
JO  - ACM Computing Surveys
JF  - ACM Computing Surveys
Y1  - 1992/09//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 291
SN  - 03600300
AB  - Motion planning is one of the most important areas of robotics research. The complexity of the motion-planning problem has hindered the development of practical algorithms. This paper surveys the work on gross-motion planning, including motion planners for point robots, rigid robots, and manipulators in stationary, time-varying, constrained, and movable-object environments. The general issues in motion planning are explained. Recent approaches and their performances are briefly described, and possible future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ACM Computing Surveys is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - PATH planning (Robotics)
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Collision detection
KW  - computational geometry
KW  - implementation
KW  - motion planning
KW  - obstacle avoidance
KW  - path planning
KW  - spatial representation
N1  - Accession Number: 12126272; Hwang, Yong K. 1; Narendra Ahuja 2; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; 2: Beckman Institute and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801.; Issue Info: Sep92, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p219; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: PATH planning (Robotics); Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collision detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: implementation; Author-Supplied Keyword: motion planning; Author-Supplied Keyword: obstacle avoidance; Author-Supplied Keyword: path planning; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial representation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 73p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stowsky, Jay
AU  - Laird, Burgess
AD  - Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
T1  - Conversion to Competitiveness: Making the Most of the National Labs
JO  - American Prospect
JF  - American Prospect
Y1  - 1992///Fall
IS  - 11
SP  - 91
EP  - 98
SN  - 10497285
N1  - Accession Number: 0286877; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199306
KW  - Technological Change: Government Policy          O38
KW  - National Security and War          H56
L3  - http://prospect.org/magazine
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UR  - http://prospect.org/magazine
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gilman, John J.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab
T1  - Broken Sticks--Why Mergers May Fail to Garner Market Share: Note
JO  - Managerial and Decision Economics
JF  - Managerial and Decision Economics
Y1  - 1992/09//September-October 1992
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
SP  - 453
EP  - 456
SN  - 01436570
N1  - Accession Number: 0278250; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199306
KW  - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms          L11
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291099-1468/issues
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291099-1468/issues
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Krauss, R. M.;
AU  - Burkman, R. T.;
T1  - Metabolic impact of oral contraceptives
CT  - Metabolic impact of oral contraceptives
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (USA)
JF  - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (USA)
Y1  - 1992/10/01/
VL  - 167
IS  - Oct Suppl
SP  - 1177
EP  - 1184
SN  - 00029378
AD  - Molecular Med. Res., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Donner Lab. 465, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
N1  - Accession Number: 30-02451; Language: English; References: 19; Journal Coden: AJOGAH; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Abstract Author: Ellen Katz Neumann
N2  - Metabolic effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) are discussed, with emphasis on plasma lipoprotein and carbohydrate metabolism. It was noted that estrogens may increase plasma triglycerides, leading to increased levels of very low density lipoproteins, but may also reduce levels of cholesterol-enriched and potentially atherogenic intermediate- and low-density lipoproteins. Estrogens also increase levels of high-density lipoproteins. Generally, lipoprotein changes are greater with higher dose OCs. OCs also affect carbohydrate metabolism, primarily through the activity of progestin. Studies have demonstrated insulin resistance, rises in plasma insulin, and relative glucose intolerance. It was concluded that OCs have significant metabolic effects.
KW  - Contraceptives, oral--effects--metabolic, lipoproteins;
KW  - Estrogens--effects--metabolic, lipoproteins;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kirchner, Jakob
AU  - Lim, Dongbin
AU  - Witkin, Evelyn M.
AU  - Garvey, Nancy
AU  - Roegner-Maniscalco, Vivien
T1  - An SOS-inducible defective retronphage (&phl;R86) in <em>Escherichia coli</em> strain B.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 1992/10//
VL  - 6
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 2815
EP  - 2824
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - In Escherichia coli, RecA protein regulates the DNA damage-inducible survival-enhancing SOS response. Mutant allele recA730, which causes constitutive SOS expression, is lethal at high temperatures in B/r, a derivative of wild-type B, but not in K-12 or in certain B/r-K-12 hybrids. We present evidence that killing is due to SOS induction of a defective retron-phage, ΦR86, which is integrated into the B/r chromosome at 19 min, but is absent in K-12. ΦR86 contains retron EC-86 which encodes reverse transcriptase and a small multicopy DNA-RNA complex, msDNA-RNA. Induction of ΦR86 in recA730 B/r strains results in inhibition of host DNA replication before cell death. A retronphage 'killer' gene, ORF336, when overexpressed from a plasmid, causes similar effects without SOS induction. ΦR86 is not detectably u.v.-inducible in recA* strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Escherichia
KW  - Biomolecules
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Chromosomes
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 15902692; Kirchner, Jakob 1,2; Lim, Dongbin 3; Witkin, Evelyn M. 1; Garvey, Nancy 1,4; Roegner-Maniscalco, Vivien 1,5; Affiliations: 1: Waksman Institute, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08553, USA; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94550, USA; 3: Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA; 4: Cancer Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA; 5: Department of Animal Science, Cook College, Rutgers, The State University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA; Issue Info: Oct1992, Vol. 6 Issue 19, p2815; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia coli; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia; Thesaurus Term: Biomolecules; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Chromosomes; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Garten Jr., Charles T.
T1  - Deposition of H15NO3 vapour to white oak, red maple and loblolly pine foliage: experimental observations and a generalized model.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1992/10//
VL  - 122
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
EP  - 337
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Nitric acid vapour enriched with 15N (H15NO3) was volatilized into the cuvette of an open-flow gas exchange system containing red maple (<em>Acer rubrum</em> L.), white oak (<em>Quercus alba</em> L.), or loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) seedling shoots to facilitate direct measurements of total foliar deposition, and subsequent assessments of the rate of HNO3 movement across the cuticle (transcuticular uptake). Total H15NO3 vapour deposition to foliar surfaces ranged from < 5 to 27 nmol m--2 s-1, the variability being largely accounted for by differences in HNO3, concentrations and leaf conductance. Mean whole-leaf conductance to HNO3 ranged between 0.9 and 3.4 mm for hardwoods and between 6 and 34 mm s-1 for loblolly pine. Of the total H15NO3 vapour deposited to leaves, an average of 39 to 48% was immediately 'bound' into hardwood foliage whereas only 3% was bound to loblolly pine needles. This implies that rain events might extract greater amounts of HNO3-derived nitrate in throughfall from conifer canopies as compared to hardwood canopies. Post-exposure H15NO3 uptake rates across the leaf cuticle increased with surface nitrate concentrations, but were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower (0.06 to 0.24 nmol m-2 s-1) than total HNO3 deposition during exposures. A generalized leaf-level model of HNO3 deposition to foliage capable of simulating deposition pathways to sorption sites on the leaf surface, and to the metabolically active leaf interior via transcuticular or stomatal pathways is formulated and suggested for use in planning future work on HNO3 deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Gas exchange in plants
KW  - Plant canopies
KW  - White oak
KW  - Red maple
KW  - Loblolly pine
KW  - Plant cuticle
KW  - Dry deposition
KW  - leaf conductance
KW  - model
KW  - nitric acid vapour.
N1  - Accession Number: 12373507; Hanson, Paul J. 1; Garten Jr., Charles T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Issue Info: Oct92, Vol. 122 Issue 2, p329; Thesaurus Term: Gas exchange in plants; Thesaurus Term: Plant canopies; Subject Term: White oak; Subject Term: Red maple; Subject Term: Loblolly pine; Subject Term: Plant cuticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dry deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: model; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitric acid vapour.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Idzorek, George
AU  - Idzorek, Roberta Day
T1  - Toyota Previa All-Trac: Foul-weather friend.
JO  - Design News
JF  - Design News
Y1  - 1992/10/05/
VL  - 48
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 164
SN  - 00119407
AB  - The article focuses on the experience of a family using a Toyota Previa All-Trac minivan in the U.S. The author appreciated the van's roominess and his kids also like the rear heater and air conditioner as well as the cupholders and pockets on the side. The van also came with power windows and the headlights shut off automatically when the key is removed. According to the author, the van was not designed for owner-maintenance.
KW  - MAINTENANCE
KW  - PREVIA van
KW  - TOYOTA vans
KW  - AUTOMOBILE lighting
KW  - FAMILIES
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 19091456; Idzorek, George 1; Idzorek, Roberta Day 1; Affiliations: 1: Mechanical Engineer, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Issue Info: 10/5/92, Vol. 48 Issue 19, p163; Thesaurus Term: MAINTENANCE; Subject Term: PREVIA van; Subject Term: TOYOTA vans; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE lighting; Subject Term: FAMILIES; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Díaz, Asunción
AU  - Lacks, Sanford A.
AU  - López, Paloma
T1  - The 5' to 3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase I is essential for <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 1992/10/15/
VL  - 6
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3009
EP  - 3019
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Three different mutations were introduced in the polA gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae by chromosomal transformation. One mutant gene encodes a truncated protein that possesses 5′ to 3′ exonuctease but has lost polymerase activity. This mutation does not affect cell viability. Other mutated forms of polA that encode proteins with only polymerase activity or with no enzymatic activity could not substitute for the wild-type polA gene in the chromosome unless the 5′ to 3′ exonuclease domain was encoded elsewhere in the chromosome. Thus, it appears that the 5′ to 3′ exonuclease activity of the DNA polymerase I is essential for cell viability in S. pneumoniae. Absence of the polymerase domain of DNA polymerase I slightly diminished the ability of S. pneumoniae to repair DNA lesions after ultraviolet irradiation. However, the polymerase domain of the pneumococcal DNA polymerase I gave almost complete complementation of the polA5 mutation in Escherichia coli with respect to resistance to ultraviolet irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - Genes
KW  - Streptococcus pneumoniae
KW  - Exonucleases
N1  - Accession Number: 15899258; Díaz, Asunción 1; Lacks, Sanford A. 2; López, Paloma 1; Affiliations: 1: Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Velazquez 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain; 2: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Issue Info: Oct1992, Vol. 6 Issue 20, p3009; Thesaurus Term: Mutation (Biology); Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Subject Term: Exonucleases; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107436765
T1  - Radiotherapy technique integrates MRI into CT.
AU  - Judnick JW
AU  - Kessler ML
AU  - Fleming T
AU  - Petti P
AU  - Castro JR
Y1  - 1992/11//Nov/Dec92
N1  - Accession Number: 107436765. Language: English. Entry Date: 19940301. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; CEU; exam questions; pictorial. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Double Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0401256. 
KW  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
KW  - Brain Neoplasms -- Radiotherapy
KW  - Tomography, X-Ray Computed
KW  - Neoplasm Staging
KW  - Image Enhancement
KW  - Education, Continuing (Credit)
SP  - 82
EP  - 91
JO  - Radiologic Technology
JF  - Radiologic Technology
JA  - RADIOL TECHNOL
VL  - 64
IS  - 2
CY  - Alburquerque, New Mexico
PB  - American Society of Radiologic Technologists
AB  - The 1970s saw the introduction of computed tomography, which enabled soft tissue anatomy to be seen. Today simulation of therapeutic fields by x-ray is augmented by radiotherapy treatment planning using CT data. The 1980s brought magnetic resonance imaging with superior soft tissue contrast. This article describes a technique correlating three-dimensional MRI/CT data sets used routinely in treatment planning of tumors in the head.
SN  - 0033-8397
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley CA
U2  - PMID: 1438713.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Bottge, Bob
AU  - Pearlman, Jerry K.
AU  - Blume, Martin
AU  - Guenther, Bruce A.
AU  - Kleinhans, Anne Kathryn
AU  - Porter, J. Winston
T1  - LETTERS TO FORTUNE.
JO  - Fortune
JF  - Fortune
Y1  - 1992/11/30/
VL  - 126
IS  - 12
M3  - Letter
SP  - 38
EP  - 39
PB  - Time Inc.
SN  - 00158259
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues, including "Leaving the Rat Race Early" and Retiring Secure and Comfortable," "How to Keep Exports on a Roll" in the October 19, 1992 issue and "Girl Watching" in the November 2, 1992 issue.
KW  - RETIREMENT
KW  - EXPORTS
KW  - DUMPING (International trade)
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - WOMEN -- United States
N1  - Accession Number: 19095709; Bottge, Bob; Pearlman, Jerry K. 1; Blume, Martin 2; Guenther, Bruce A.; Kleinhans, Anne Kathryn; Porter, J. Winston 3; Affiliations: 1: Chairman and President, Zenith Electronics Corp., Glenview, Illinois; 2: Deputy Director, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; 3: Porter & Associates, Sterling, Virginia; Issue Info: 11/30/1992, Vol. 126 Issue 12, p38; Thesaurus Term: RETIREMENT; Thesaurus Term: EXPORTS; Thesaurus Term: DUMPING (International trade); Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: WOMEN -- United States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Jack
AU  - Kotler, Donald P.
AU  - Russell, Mary
AU  - Burastero, Santiago
AU  - Mazariegos, Manolo
AU  - Thornton, John
AU  - Dilmanian, F. Avraham
AU  - Pierson Jr, Richard N.
T1  - Body-fat measurement in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: which method should be used?
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Y1  - 1992/12//
VL  - 56
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 963
EP  - 967
SN  - 00029165
AB  - Malnutrition is common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which distorts the chemical contents in the fat-free mass (FFM) and alters the assumptions underlying the traditional methods for calculating body-fat content so that such measurements may not be accurate. In vivo neutron-activation analysis (IVNA) measures FFM independently of the traditional assumptions, thereby providing more accurate measurements of body fat. We compared seven methods for measuring body fat in 18 male patients with AIDS: IVNA, total body water (TBW by ³H2O dilution), total body potassium (TBK by 40K counting), dual-photon absorptiometry (DPA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and two well-calibrated anthropometric methods. FatTBW and fatDPA were not significantly different from fattVNA. FatTBW gave the highest correlation with fatIVNA and the smallest SEE of ± 1.8% (1.1 kg). The traditional and widely available TBW and the newer DPA method provide reliable estimates of fattVNA in patients with AIDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIDS
KW  - Body composition
KW  - body fat
KW  - fat-free mass
N1  - Accession Number: 94403084; Wang, Jack 1,2; Kotler, Donald P. 1,2; Russell, Mary 1,2; Burastero, Santiago 1,2; Mazariegos, Manolo 1,2; Thornton, John 1,2; Dilmanian, F. Avraham 1,2; Pierson Jr, Richard N. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Body Composition Unit and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; 2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Issue Info: Dec1992, Vol. 56 Issue 6, p963; Author-Supplied Keyword: AIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Body composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: body fat; Author-Supplied Keyword: fat-free mass; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shugart, H. H.
AU  - Smith, T. M.
AU  - Post, W. M.
T1  - THE POTENTIAL FOR APPLICATION OF INDIVIDUAL-BASED SIMULATION MODELS FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CHANGE.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1992/12//
VL  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 38
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Focuses on the significance of an individual-based simulation models for assessing the effects of global change. Comparison between site and global scales of the mode-based global assessments; Assessment on vegetation change; Accounts of the individual-based forest models.
KW  - Global environmental change
KW  - Forest dynamics
KW  - Vegetation dynamics
KW  - Forest ecology
KW  - Biodiversity
KW  - Ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 12408744; Shugart, H. H. 1; Smith, T. M. 1; Post, W. M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1992, Vol. 23, p15; Thesaurus Term: Global environmental change; Thesaurus Term: Forest dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Forest ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biodiversity; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WoldeGabriel, Giday
AU  - White, Tim
AU  - Suwa, Gen
AU  - Semaw, Sileshi
AU  - Beyene, Yonas
AU  - Asfaw, Berhane
AU  - Walter, Robert
T1  - Kesem-Kebena: A Newly Discovered Paleoanthropological Research Area in Ethiopia.
JO  - Journal of Field Archaeology
JF  - Journal of Field Archaeology
Y1  - 1992///Winter92
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 493
SN  - 00934690
AB  - The Paleoanthropological Inventory of Ethiopia is a long-term project designed to assess the paleoanthrapological resources of the Ethiopian rift system. Inventory work completed in 1989 has established several new research areas. One of these, the Kesem-Kebena area near the northern terminus of the Main Ethiopian Rift, has now been investigated by the inventor team, and several vertebrate paleontological and archaeological localities have been discovered. The deposits range from >3.7 Ma (million years of age; Pliocene) to Late Pleistocene. Important stratigraphic units were dated by conventional K/Ar dating on basaltic lavas and 40Ar/39Ar on feldspar separates from key tephra horizons. Among the most significant discoveries from the extensive Kesem-Kebena sedimentary succession are Pleistocene Acheulian lithic assemblages and Acheulian fauna dating to ca. 1.0 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Field Archaeology is the property of Maney Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Human remains (Archaeology)
KW  - Excavations (Archaeology)
KW  - Prehistoric anthropology
KW  - Fossil hominids
KW  - History -- Study & teaching
KW  - Historical analysis
KW  - Structural geology
KW  - Rifts (Geology)
KW  - Ethiopia
N1  - Accession Number: 26018237; WoldeGabriel, Giday 1; White, Tim 2; Suwa, Gen 3; Semaw, Sileshi 4; Beyene, Yonas 5; Asfaw, Berhane 5; Walter, Robert 6; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; 2 : The University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California; 3 : The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; 4 : Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; 5 : Ministry of Culture and Sports Affairs, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 6 : Institute of Human Origins, Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California;  Source Info: Winter92, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p471; Thesaurus Term: Human remains (Archaeology); Thesaurus Term: Excavations (Archaeology); Subject Term: Prehistoric anthropology; Subject Term: Fossil hominids; Subject Term: History -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: Historical analysis; Subject Term: Structural geology; Subject Term: Rifts (Geology); Subject: Ethiopia; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simmons, A. D.
AU  - Longmire, J. L.
AU  - Reeder, T. W.
AU  - Wichman, H. A.
AU  - Baker, R. J.
T1  - Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in satellite DNA distinguish chromosomal races of the white-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus.
JO  - Molecular Ecology
JF  - Molecular Ecology
Y1  - 1992/12//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 254
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09621083
AB  - We describe a polymorphism revealed by a high-copy-number tandem repeat which serves to distinguish most individuals sampled (96%) from two chromosomal races of <em>Peromyscus leucopus</em>. Classical morphology, allozymes, mtDNA, and rDNA have all failed to provide fixed markers which separate these two chromosomal races. Data from <em>P. leucopus</em> further documents the utility of DNA polymorphisms to establish the natal origin (DNA 'zipcodes') of populations or individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Restriction fragment length polymorphisms
KW  - Peromyscus leucopus
KW  - Population genetics
KW  - Molecular cloning
KW  - Satellite DNA
KW  - <em>Peromyscus leucopus</em>
KW  - DNA polymorphisms
KW  - DNA zipcodes
KW  - molecular cloning
KW  - population genetics
KW  - satellite DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 18310623; Simmons, A. D. 1; Longmire, J. L. 1,2; Reeder, T. W. 3; Wichman, H. A. 4; Baker, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409; 2: Life Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; 3: Department of Zoology and Texas Memorial Museum, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712; 4: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA; Issue Info: Dec1992, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p251; Thesaurus Term: Restriction fragment length polymorphisms; Thesaurus Term: Peromyscus leucopus; Thesaurus Term: Population genetics; Subject Term: Molecular cloning; Subject Term: Satellite DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Peromyscus leucopus</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA polymorphisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA zipcodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular cloning; Author-Supplied Keyword: population genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: satellite DNA; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Graph, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Land Use with Endogenous Environmental Degradation and Conservation
JO  - Resources and Energy
JF  - Resources and Energy
Y1  - 1992/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
SP  - 381
EP  - 400
SN  - 01650572
N1  - Accession Number: 0278534; Keywords: Conservation;  Land Use;  Land; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199306
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Land          Q24
KW  - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment          Q15
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Metropolis, N.
AU  - Rota, Gian-Carlo
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
AD  - MIT
A2  - Metropolis, N.
A2  - Rota, Gian-Carlo
T1  - A New Era in Computation: Preface
T2  - A new era in computation
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1993///
SP  - ix
EP  - xii
N1  - Accession Number: 0396232; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-63154-7; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199610
KW  - Computational Techniques; Simulation Modeling          C63
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lavazza, Luigi
AU  - Raybould, Andrew
AU  - Grosberg, John A.
AU  - Kilgour, Alistair C.
AU  - Max, Nelson
AU  - Vatti, Bala
T1  - TECHNICAL CORRESPONDENCE.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1993/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 112
EP  - 115
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents several letters to the editor about class hierarchy inheritance, published in the January 1, 1993 issue of the journal "Communications of the ACM." Perspectives through which class hierarchy inheritance can be viewed; Characteristics of concept-oriented view of class hierarchy inheritance.
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COMMUNICATIONS of the ACM (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 12617130; Lavazza, Luigi 1; Raybould, Andrew; Grosberg, John A.; Kilgour, Alistair C. 2; Max, Nelson 3; Vatti, Bala 4; Affiliations: 1: CEFRIEL, Milano, Italy.; 2: Heriot-Watt University Riccarton, Edinburgh.; 3: University of California, Davis, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA.; 4: Lockheed Commercial Electronics Co. Hudson, NH.; Issue Info: Jan1993, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p112; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER architecture; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: DIGITAL communications; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Reviews & Products: COMMUNICATIONS of the ACM (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Kosobud, Richard F.
AU  - Testa, William A.
AU  - Hanson, Donald A.
AD  - U IL, Chicago
AD  - Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
A2  - Kosobud, Richard F.
A2  - Testa, William A.
A2  - Hanson, Donald A.
T1  - Cost Effective Control of Urban Smog: Introduction
T2  - Cost effective control of urban smog
PB  - Chicago:
PB  - Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Y1  - 1993///
SP  - iii
EP  - xv
N1  - Accession Number: 0408249; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-9614358-4-4; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199704
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO
T1  - Energy Conservation in Housing for the Homeless, A Guide for Providers
JO  - Energy Conservation in Housing for the Homeless, A Guide for Providers
JF  - Energy Conservation in Housing for the Homeless, A Guide for Providers
Y1  - 1993///
AB  - This guidebook focuses on increasing the energy efficiency of homeless facilities to free funds for other operations while increasing comfort for homeless residents. Section I outlines a four-step strategy for approaching energy efficiency in renovations of homeless facilities. Section II offers suggestions on what to look for when buying a building to renovate and energy-efficient design options. Section III discusses energy- saving measures for ventilation, windows, insulation, water systems, lighting, heating and air conditioning, and appliances in existing buildings. Section IV addresses operation and maintenance issues, including information about utility rate structure. Finally, Section V provides resources for further information. [author abstract modified] (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy efficient design
KW  - Energy efficient housing
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Homelessness
KW  - Homeless persons
KW  - Emergency shelter
KW  - Windows
KW  - Insulation
KW  - Furnaces
KW  - Water heaters
KW  - Air- conditioning
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Lighting
KW  - Major appliances
N1  - Accession Number: MRB-FSD0348730; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO; Source Info: 30 pp.; 1993    ; Note: Availability: HUD USER, P.O. Box 6091, Rockville, MD 20849..; Note: Sponsoring Organization: U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - flh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, Gale A.
AU  - Karlson, Stephen H.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - Northern IL U
T1  - The Impact of Energy Prices on Technology Choice in the United States Steel Industry
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1993///
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
SP  - 47
EP  - 56
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0294211; Keywords: Electricity;  Energy;  Fuel;  Steel;  Technical;  Technology; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199312
N2  - In the last 30 years, U.S. steel producers have replaced their aging open hearth steel furnaces with basic oxygen (BOF) or large electric arc furnaces (LEF). This choice of technology creates the opportunity to substitute electricity for fossil fuels. We extend earlier research to investigate whether energy prices affect this type of technology adoption. The econometric model uses the "seemingly unrelated Tobit" method to capture the effects of the industry's experience with both technologies, technical change, and potential cost reductions, as well as energy prices, on adoption. When we include the prices of electricity and coking coal as explanatory variables, the four energy price coefficients have the signs predicted by the law of demand, but the magnitude of the coefficients is such that the non-price terms are more important, e.g. a 50 percent increase in electricity prices would delay LEF adoption by only 12 days. . .
KW  - Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics          L61
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes          O33
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
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UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, D. W.
AU  - O'Neill, R. V.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Human-Environmental Influences and Interactions Shifting Agriculture When Farmers Form Expectations Rationally
JO  - Environment and Planning A
JF  - Environment and Planning A
Y1  - 1993/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
SP  - 121
EP  - 136
SN  - 0318518X
N1  - Accession Number: 0289526; Keywords: Agriculture; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199309
KW  - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment          Q15
KW  - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets          Q12
L3  - http://www.envplan.com/epa/epa_current.html
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sion, M.
AU  - Chen, J.-Y.
T1  - Scalar Pdf Modeling of Turbulent Nonpremixed Methanol-Air Flames.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1993/02//
VL  - 88
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 114
SN  - 00102202
AB  - A numerical modeling of turbulent methanol-air nonpremixed jet flames with a five-step and a four-step reduced reaction mechanisms is presented. The model calculates the scalar properties by a joint pdf (probability density function) approach and a second-order moment closure for the turbulent velocity field. Although the flame is considered adiabatic, mixture enthalpy has been included as a passive scalar to properly account for the pilot flame which has a flame temperature higher than the adiabatic flame temperature of the stoichiometric mixture. A total of seven scalars, including two passive scalars and five reactive scalars, are used to describe the thermo-chemical states of the reactive mixtures. The evolution of the joint pdf of these seven scalars was simulated by the Monte Carlo technique. An extensive analysis of the predicted results in comparison with experimental data is presented. The predicted mass fractions of most reactive species are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the probability of local flame extinction is reasonably predicted as well. Carbon monoxide is the only species for which a substantial discrepancy exists between the predictions and the measurements. The noted discrepancy is similar to that observed in a previous numerical study of turbulent methane-air nonpremixed jet flames by Chen et al.(1989).Although several possible causes are investigated, no satisfactory reasons were found to explain the noted discrepancies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75865032; Sion, M. 1; Chen, J.-Y. 2; Affiliations: 1: Société Européenne de Propulsion, Vernon 27200, France; 2: Combustion Research Facility. Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, U.S.A; Issue Info: Feb1993, Vol. 88 Issue 1/2, p89; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102209308947229
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margolis, Stephen B
T1  - A New Route of Chaos In Gasless Combustion*.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1993/02/02/
VL  - 88
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 246
SN  - 00102202
AB  - It has been observed that the gasless combustion of thermites can proceed in a variety of nonsteady propagation modes that range form periodic to chaotic in character. While the nature of the transition from steady to nonsteady, but periodic, combustion is now weJl understood, the various mechanisms that lead to more complex te.g., chaotic) modes of burning are is not. However, it has been shown that mode interactions which arise after the neutral stability boundary is crossed do lead to combustion waves that exhibit more complicated spatial and temporal behavior. In the present work, we foucus on the case of temporally resonant mode interactions and show how such interactions can provide a new route to chaos in gaslcss systems. The resulting character of the propagating combustion wave is that or chaotic. multiple-point combustion, in which one may observe the random movement of hot spots that appear, disappear and reappear on the sample surface, as reported in recent experiments. Various quantitative measures of this attractor are then presented. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75865057; Margolis, Stephen B 1; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Facility. Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94557, U.S.A; Issue Info: Feb1993, Vol. 88 Issue 3/4, p223; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102209308947238
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Chun-Hao
AU  - Bjornstad, David J.
AD  - FL International U
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Profit, Productivity, and Profit-Sharing
JO  - Journal of Economics and Finance
JF  - Journal of Economics and Finance
Y1  - 1993///Spring
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
SP  - 103
EP  - 114
SN  - 10550925
N1  - Accession Number: 0291431; Keywords: Labor Productivity;  Productivity;  Profit Sharing; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199309
N2  - This study is an investigation of the effect of profit-sharing on labor productivity. When monitoring labor performance is costly for management, a regular wage/salary contract is insufficient to induce profit-maximizing behavior from the worker. The authors demonstrate that when this profit-maximizing behavior can be induced only through profit-sharing, a linear profit-sharing program will increase productivity and the welfare of both management and labor. The benefit from profit-sharing is increasing up to the point where the utility of additional income is offset by the negative utility of extraordinary effort (working harder or providing higher quality work). The income effect, i.e., the change in negative utility of extraordinary effort given a change in income, can potentially either increase or decrease the point at which the income-effort tradeoff reaches zero.
KW  - Compensation Packages; Payment Methods          J33
KW  - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity          J24
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/12197
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flores, Becky M.
AU  - Batzer, Mark A.
AU  - Stein, Murry A.
AU  - Petersen, Carolyn
AU  - Diedrich, Dana L.
AU  - Torian, Bruce E.
T1  - Structural analysis and demonstration of the 29 kDa antigen of pathogenic <em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> as the major accessible free thiol-containing surface protein.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 1993/03//
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
EP  - 763
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - The 29 kDa protein of pathogenic <em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> is a cysteine-rich surface antigen which we recently characterized by cDNA sequencing and by using monocional antibodies which differentiated between pathogenic and non-pathogenic clinical isolates. To determine the structure and biochemical attributes of this protein, a repertoire of immunological techniques using monocional antibodies, and radiolabelling were employed. We demonstrated that the 29 kDa protein forms a 60 kDa dimer and a high-molecular-mass oligomer(s) on the surface of the organism through disulphide bonds, and is the major accessible free thiol-containing surface protein of <em>E. histolytica</em>. The deduced amino acid sequence encoding the 29 kDa protein was found to share a common amino acid domain with sequences reported for <em>Helicobacter pylori</em>, <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em>, MER5 gene expressed in murine erythroleukemia cells, <em>Clostridium pasteurianum</em>, and a <em>Bacillus</em> spp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Entamoeba histolytica
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Cell surface antigens
KW  - Circular DNA
KW  - Monoclonal antibodies
N1  - Accession Number: 15902959; Flores, Becky M. 1; Batzer, Mark A. 2; Stein, Murry A. 1; Petersen, Carolyn 3; Diedrich, Dana L. 1; Torian, Bruce E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Indiana 83209-8334, USA; 2: Human Genome Center, Biomedical Sciences Division, L-452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5507, Livermore, California 94551, USA; 3: Parasitology Laboratory, San Francisco General Hospital and the University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94110, USA; Issue Info: Mar1993, Vol. 7 Issue 5, p755; Subject Term: Entamoeba histolytica; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Cell surface antigens; Subject Term: Circular DNA; Subject Term: Monoclonal antibodies; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poyer, David A.
AU  - Williams, Martin
AD  - Northern IL U
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Residential Energy Demand: Additional Empirical Evidence by Minority Household Type
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 1993/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
SP  - 93
EP  - 100
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0289500; Keywords: Energy;  Households; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199309
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis          D12
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aggarwal, Alok
AU  - Park, James K.
T1  - IMPROVED ALGORITHMS FOR ECONOMIC LOT SIZE PROBLEMS.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1993/05//May/Jun93
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 549
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - Many problems in inventory control, production planning, and capacity planning can be formulated in terms of a simple economic lot size model proposed independently by A. S. Manne (1958) and by H. M. Wagner and T. M. Whitin (1958). The Manne-Wagner-Whitin model and its variants have been studied widely in the operations research and management science communities, and a large number of algorithms have been proposed for solving various problems expressed in terms of this model, most of which assume concave costs and rely on dynamic programming. In this paper, we show that for many of these concave cost economic lot size problems, the dynamic programming formulation of the problem gives rise to a special kind of array. called a Monge array. We then show how the structure of Monge arrays can be exploited to obtain significantly faster algorithms for these economic lot size problems. We focus on uncapacitated problems, i.e., problems without bounds on production, inventory, or backlogging: capacitated problems are considered in a separate paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECONOMIC lot size
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - INVENTORY control
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - PHYSICAL distribution of goods
KW  - MANAGEMENT science
KW  - COST
N1  - Accession Number: 6543529; Aggarwal, Alok 1; Park, James K. 2; Affiliations: 1: IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Sandia, New Mexico.; Issue Info: May/Jun93, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p549; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMIC lot size; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: INVENTORY control; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: PHYSICAL distribution of goods; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT science; Thesaurus Term: COST; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561990 All Other Support Services; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, Gale
AD  - US Bureau of the Census and Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Energy Intensity Improvements in Steel Minimills
JO  - Contemporary Policy Issues
JF  - Contemporary Policy Issues
Y1  - 1993/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
SP  - 88
EP  - 100
SN  - 07350007
N1  - Accession Number: 0297937 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Steel; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199403
KW  - Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics          L61
KW  - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes          O33
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wear, David N.
AU  - Flamm, Richard
AD  - USDA, Research Triangle Park
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Public and Private Forest Disturbance Regimes in the Southern Appalachians
JO  - Natural Resource Modeling
JF  - Natural Resource Modeling
Y1  - 1993///Fall
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
SP  - 379
EP  - 397
SN  - 08908575
N1  - Accession Number: 0372289; Keywords: Forest; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199512
N2  - The choice to harvest timber depends on, among other things, the accessibility and location of the forest. This paper examines observed harvest choices derived from satellite imagery and tests for relationships between harvest probability and location, quality and ownership attributes of the site. Results indicate that the overall probability of harvesting for public lands is significantly lower than for private lands. Substantially different disturbances patterns relative to location attributes are also established for these groups. Results suggest a way to include spatially explicit information regarding private land management in public land management plans. An example demonstrates how alternative uses of public lands might be considered in the broader context of a multiple ownership landscape.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Forestry          Q23
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291939-7445/issues
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291939-7445/issues
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunderson, C. A.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Wullschleger, S. A.
T1  - Foliar gas exchange responses of two deciduous hardwoods during 3 years of growth in elevated CO2: no loss of photosynthetic enhancement.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1993/09//
VL  - 16
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
EP  - 807
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Responses of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were monitored throughout a 3-year field exposure of <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> (yellow-poplar) and <em>Quercus alba</em> (white oak) to elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2. Exposure to atmospheres enriched with +150 and +300 μmol mol-1 CO2 increased net photosynthesis by 12-144% over the course of the study. Net photosynthesis was consistently higher at +300 than at +150 μmol mol-1 CO2. The effect of CO2 enrichment on stomatal conductance was limited, hut instantaneous leaf-level water use efficiency increased significantly. No decrease in the responsiveness of photosynthesis to CO2 enrichment over time was detected, and the responses were consistent throughout the canopy and across successive growth flushes and seasons. The relationships between internal CO2 concentration and photosynthesis (e.g. photosynthetic capacity and carboxylation efficiency) were not altered by growth at elevated concentrations of CO2. No alteration in the timing of leaf senescence or abscission was detected, suggesting that the seasonal duration of effective gas-exchange was unaffected by CO2 treatment. These results are consistent with data previously reported for these species in controlled-environment studies, and suggest that leaf-level photosynthesis does not down-regulate in these species as a result of acclimation to CO2 enrichment in the field, This sustained enhancement of photosynthesis provides the opportunity for increased growth and carbon storage by trees as the atmospheric concentration of CO2 rises, but many additional factors interact in determining whole-plant and forest responses to global change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acclimatization
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Water use
KW  - White oak
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em>
KW  - <em>Quercus alba</em>
KW  - Acclimation
KW  - Carbon dioxide exposure, high
KW  - elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Gas exchange, foliar
KW  - Hardwood, deciduous
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - senescence.
KW  - stomatal conductance
KW  - water use efficiency
KW  - white oak
KW  - yellow-poplar
N1  - Accession Number: 8115502; Gunderson, C. A. 1; Norby, R. J.; Wullschleger, S. A.; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Issue Info: Sep1993, Vol. 16 Issue 7, p797; Thesaurus Term: Acclimatization; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Water use; Subject Term: White oak; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Quercus alba</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acclimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide exposure, high; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas exchange, foliar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardwood, deciduous; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: senescence.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: water use efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: yellow-poplar; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep8115502
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - A Model of Neotropical Land Use with Endogenous Malaria and Preventive Ecological Measures
JO  - Environment and Planning A
JF  - Environment and Planning A
Y1  - 1993/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 11
SP  - 1677
EP  - 1687
SN  - 0318518X
N1  - Accession Number: 0321822; Geographic Descriptors: Brazil; Geographic Region: Latin America and the Caribbean; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199406
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
KW  - Health Production          I12
L3  - http://www.envplan.com/epa/epa_current.html
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0321822&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.envplan.com/epa/epa_current.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kosobud, Richard F.
AU  - Testa, William A.
AU  - Hanson, Donald A.
AD  - U IL, Chicago
AD  - Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Cost Effective Control of Urban Smog: A Report of a Conference Held at the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, June 7-8, 1993
JO  - Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Economic Perspectives
JF  - Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Economic Perspectives
Y1  - 1993/11//November-December 1993
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
SP  - 22
EP  - 23
SN  - 01640682
N1  - Accession Number: 0323885; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199406
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q21
L3  - http://www.chicagofed.org/webpages/publications/publications_listing.cfm?filter_series=10
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UR  - http://www.chicagofed.org/webpages/publications/publications_listing.cfm?filter_series=10
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Land Use in the Presence of an Atmosphere Externality, with and without Corrective Taxes
JO  - Journal of Regional Science
JF  - Journal of Regional Science
Y1  - 1993/11//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
SP  - 457
EP  - 480
SN  - 00224146
N1  - Accession Number: 0322943; Keywords: Land Use;  Land; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199406
N2  - Total cleared area in a von Thunen land-use model drives an atmosphere externality that depresses agricultural productivity uniformly throughout the region. Exogenous events that encourage clearance and use of a larger cultivated area (output price or population increase) exacerbate the externality. Imposition of a simple, corrective tax on land rents does not reverse these patterns but does mitigate the increase in the externality and leaves cultivators with higher incomes than they would obtain without the tax. The authors examine an optimal tax on land rents, designed to maximize the social value of land rents in the region, and an output tax.
KW  - Land Use Patterns          R14
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Land          Q24
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291467-9787/issues
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291467-9787/issues
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Besmann, Theodore M.
AU  - Hummel, William F.
AU  - Florentine, John
AU  - Hale, David F.
AU  - Woodford, Michael
AU  - Gullen, Chris
T1  - Readers Report.
JO  - BusinessWeek
JF  - BusinessWeek
J1  - BusinessWeek
PY  - 1993/11/29/
Y1  - 1993/11/29/
IS  - 3348
M3  - Letter
SP  - 10
EP  - 18
SN  - 00077135
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles published in previous issues, including "Kodak: Shoot the Works," in the November 15, 1993 issue, "The Sun Shines Brighter on Alternative Energy," in the November 8, 1993 issue and "Has US Ecology Cleaned Up its Act?."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - EASTMAN Kodak Co.
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 18420407; Source Information: 11/29/93, Issue 3348, p10; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: EASTMAN Kodak Co.; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Letter; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geider, Richard J.
AU  - Roche, Julie La
AU  - Greene, Richard M.
AU  - Olaizola, Miguel
T1  - RESPONSE OF THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS OF <em>PHAEODACTYLUM TRICORNUTUM</em> (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) TO NITRATE, PHOSPHATE, OR IRON STARVATION.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1993/12//
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
EP  - 766
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The effects of nitrate, phosphate, and iron starvation and resupply on photosynthetic pigments, selected photosynthetic proteins, and photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry were examined in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (CCMP 1327). Although cell chlorophyll a (chl a ) content decreased in nutrient-starved cells, the ratios of light-harvesting accessory pigments (chl c and fucoxanthin) to chl a were unaffected by nutrient starvation. The chl a-specific light absorption coefficient (a*) and the functional absorption cross-section of PSII (σ) increased during nutrient starvation, consistent with reduction of intracellular self-shading (i.e. a reduction of the "package effect") as cells became chlorotic. The light-harvesting complex proteins remained a constant proportion of total cell protein during nutrient starvation, indicating that chlorosis mirrored a general reduction in cell protein content. The ratio of the xanthophyll cycle pigments diatoxanthin and diadinoxanthin to chl a increased during nutrient starvation. These pigments are thought to play a photoprotective role by increasing dissipation of excitation energy in the pigment bed upstream from the reaction centers. Despite the increase in diatoxanthin and diadinoxanthin, the efficiency of PSII photochemistry, as measured by the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (F[SUBv]/F[SUBm]) of dark-adapted cells, declined markedly under nitrate and iron starvation and moderately under phosphate starvation. Parallel to changes in F[SUBv]/F[SUBm] Were decreases in abundance of the reaction center protein D1 consistent with damage of PSII reaction centers in nutrient-starved cells. The relative abundance of the carboxylating enzyme, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RUBISCO), decreased in response to nitrate and iron starvation but not phosphate starvation. Most marked was the decline in the abundance of the small subunit of RUBISCO in nitrate-starved cells. The changes in pigment content and fluorescence characteristics were typically reversed within 24 h of resupply of the limiting nutrient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diatoms
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Photosynthetic reaction centers
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Western immunoblotting
KW  - absorption cross-section
KW  - Bacillariophyceae
KW  - diadinoxanthin
KW  - diatoxanthin
KW  - fluorescence quenching
KW  - fucoxanthin-chorophyll-protein complex
KW  - nutrient limitations
KW  - Phaeodactylum tricornutum
KW  - reaction center II
KW  - western blot
N1  - Accession Number: 11190024; Geider, Richard J. 1; Roche, Julie La 2; Greene, Richard M. 2; Olaizola, Miguel 2; Affiliations: 1: College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958-1298; 2: Oceanographic & Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Dec93, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p755; Thesaurus Term: Diatoms; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthetic reaction centers; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Subject Term: Western immunoblotting; Author-Supplied Keyword: absorption cross-section; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillariophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: diadinoxanthin; Author-Supplied Keyword: diatoxanthin; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence quenching; Author-Supplied Keyword: fucoxanthin-chorophyll-protein complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient limitations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction center II; Author-Supplied Keyword: western blot; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11190024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11190024&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roche, Julie La
AU  - Geider, Richard J.
AU  - Graziano, Lisa M.
AU  - Murray, Helen
AU  - Lewis, Kerith
T1  - INDUCTION OR SPECIFIC PROTEINS IN EUKARYOTIC ALGAE GROWN UNDER IRON-, PHOSPHORUS-, OR NITROGEN-DEFICIENT CONDITIONS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1993/12//
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
EP  - 777
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - What limits phytoplankton growth in nature? The answer is elusive because of methodological problems associated with bottle incubations and nutrient addition experiments. We are investigating the possibility that antibodies to proteins repressed by a specific nutrient can be used as probes to indicate which nutrient limits photosynthetic carbon fixation in the ocean. The diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin and the chlorophyte Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher were grown in batch cultures in artificial seawater and f/2 nutrient lacking either phosphorus, iron, or nitrogen. Chlorosis was induced by nutrient limitation in both species with the exception of phosphorus-limited D. tertiolecta. The synthesis and appearance of specific proteins were followed by labeling with [SUP14]C-bicarbonate. Nutrient limitation in general leads to a decrease in the quantum efficiency of photosystem II, suggesting that deficiency of any nutrient affects the photosynthetic apparatus to some degree; however, the effect of nitrogen and iron limitation on quantum efficiency is more severe than that of phosphorus. A crude fractionation of the soluble and membrane proteins demonstrated that the large proteins induced under limitation by phosphorus and iron were associated with the membranes. However, small iron-repressible proteins were located in the soluble fraction. Isolation with anion-exchange chromatography and N-terminal sequencing of iron-repressible, 23-kDa proteins from D. tertiolecta, P. tricornutum, and Chaetoceros gracilis revealed that these small soluble proteins have strong homology with the N-terminal sequence of flavodoxins from Azotobacter and Clostridium. The identity of the flavodoxin from D. tertiolecta was confirmed by immunodetection using antiflavodoxin raised against Chlorella. Flavodoxin was detected only under iron deprivation and was absent from nitrogen- and phosphorus-limited algae. Flavodoxin is a prime candidate for a molecular probe of iron limitation in the ocean. The requirements to confirm its utility in nature are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Algae
KW  - Diatoms
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Bacillariophyceae
KW  - Chlorophyta
KW  - Dunaliella tertiolecta
KW  - flavodoxin
KW  - iron
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - nutrient limitation
KW  - Phaeodatylum tricornutum
KW  - phosphorus
KW  - phytoplankton
N1  - Accession Number: 11190028; Roche, Julie La 1; Geider, Richard J. 2; Graziano, Lisa M. 2; Murray, Helen 1; Lewis, Kerith 3; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958-1298; 3: Southampton College, Southampton, New York  11968; Issue Info: Dec93, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p767; Thesaurus Term: Phytoplankton; Thesaurus Term: Algae; Thesaurus Term: Diatoms; Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillariophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorophyta; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dunaliella tertiolecta; Author-Supplied Keyword: flavodoxin; Author-Supplied Keyword: iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient limitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phaeodatylum tricornutum; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorus; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoplankton; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112519 Other Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11190028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11190028&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carnes, Bruce A.
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
T1  - Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Senescence.
T2  - Una apreciación evolucionaría de la senescencia humana.
T2  - Perspectives évolutionnistes sur la sénescence humaine.
JO  - Population & Development Review
JF  - Population & Development Review
Y1  - 1993/12//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 793
EP  - 806
SN  - 00987921
AB  - Species have evolved adaptive strategies for ensuring reproductive success. Reproduction concentrated early in life suggests that extreme mortality at young ages has been a common demographic characteristic among all forms of life. Because it operates through the differential reproductive success of individuals, natural selection, the arbiter of evolution, is not effective after the reproductive period ends. Requiring survival beyond the reproductive period for senescence to be expressed suggests that senescence is not genetically programmed, but neither is there an active program for immortality. What we call senescence may simply be the inadvertent consequence of surviving beyond the reproductive period. As survival is further extended, inevitable declines in physiological function and a proliferation of fatal and nonfatal degenerative diseases that become progressively less amenable to modification would be predicted. This model of senescence can provide a theoretical framework for demographers in their development or evaluation of models of human mortality. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Para asegurar el éxito reproductivo las especies han desarrollado estrategias de adaptación. Una reproducción que se concentra tempranamente en el ciclo de vida sugiere que una mortalidad extrema a edades precoces ha sido una característica demográfica común a todas las formas de vida. Dado que la selección natural, el árbitro de la evolución, actúa a través del éxito reproductivo diferencial del individuo, una vez completado el período reproductivo deja de tener efecto. Requiriendo una supervivencia más allá del período reproductivo para que pueda manifestarse la senescencia sugiere que la senescencia no se programa genéticamente, pero tampoco existe un programa activo para la inmortalidad. Lo que nosotros llamamos la senescencia quizás sea simplemente una consecuencia inadvertida de una supervivencia más allá del período reproductivo. A medida que se extiende más y más la supervivencia, un declineo inevitable de las funciones fisiológicas y una proliferación de enfermedades degenerativas, fatales o no fatales, cuya modificación será progresivamente más difícil, puede predicirse. Este modelo de senescencia puede ofrecer al demógrafo un marco teórico para su desarrollo o evaluación de modelos de mortalidad humana. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Les espèces ont développé des stratégies d'adaptation pour assurer le succès de la reproduction. La concentration de la reproduction dans les jeunes années suggère que le taux extrême de mortalité en bas âge a été une caractéristique démographique commune parmi toutes les formes de vie. Parce qu'elle opère par le truchement du succès de la reproduction différentiel des individus, la sélection naturelle--médiatrice de l'évolution--n'est plus efficace après que s'est terminée la période de reproduction. Si l'on veut que la sénescence soit exprimée au-delà de la période de reproduction par la notion de survie, cela suggère que la sénescence n'est pas programmée génétiquement, et qu'il n'existe non plus un programme actif pour l'immortalité. Ce que nous appelons sénescence pourrait simplement être la conséquence fortuite de survie au-delà de la période de reproduction. Au fur et à mesure que s'allonge la période de survie, on prédirait des déclins inévitables des fonctions physiologiques et une prolifération des maladies dégénératives fatales et non fatales qui deviennent progressivement moins accessibles aux modifications. Ce modèle de sénescence peut fournir aux démographes une structure théorique pour l'élaboration ou l'évaluation des modèles de mortalité humaine. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Population & Development Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMAN reproduction
KW  - AGING
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY theories
KW  - SURVIVAL
KW  - IMMORTALITY of the body
N1  - Accession Number: 16943392; Carnes, Bruce A. 1; Olshansky, S. Jay 2; Affiliations: 1: Scientist, Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2: Research Associate, Center on Aging, Health and Society, Department of Medicine, and Population Research Center, University of Chicago; Issue Info: Dec1993, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p793; Subject Term: HUMAN reproduction; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY theories; Subject Term: SURVIVAL; Subject Term: IMMORTALITY of the body; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Land Use, North-South Trade, Deforestation, and Atmospheric Carbon Interactions
JO  - Resource and Energy Economics
JF  - Resource and Energy Economics
Y1  - 1993/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
SP  - 353
EP  - 370
SN  - 09287655
N1  - Accession Number: 0327629; Keywords: Atmospheric;  Deforestation;  Land Use;  Land; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199409
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Land          Q24
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Forestry          Q23
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09287655
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0327629&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09287655
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ball, Deborah Yarsike
T1  - Ethnic Conflict, Unit Performance, and the Soviet Armed Forces.
JO  - Armed Forces & Society (0095327X)
JF  - Armed Forces & Society (0095327X)
J1  - Armed Forces & Society (0095327X)
PY  - 1994///Winter94
Y1  - 1994///Winter94
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 258
PB  - Sage Publications Inc.
SN  - 0095327X
AB  - The article focuses on a research study conducted by the author to understand the impact of the Soviet military on ethnic relations, and the impact of ethnic relations on military performance. The research does not spell out any result such as whether the Soviet military joined any diverse ethnic group or troubled the existing ethical problems. The result comes out to be that ethnic relations had a considerable impact on military performances. It is inferred that the performance of those units is better that are having better ethnic relations than the units that are having poor relations.
KW  - ARMED Forces
KW  - ETHNIC relations
KW  - SOVIET Union -- Armed Forces
KW  - SOVIET military bases
KW  - ETHNIC conflict
KW  - PERFORMANCE
KW  - ETHICAL problems
KW  - ETHNIC groups
KW  - SOVIET Union
N1  - Accession Number: 9405240020; Source Information: Winter94, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p239; Subject Term: ARMED Forces; Subject Term: ETHNIC relations; Subject Term: SOVIET Union -- Armed Forces; Subject Term: SOVIET military bases; Subject Term: ETHNIC conflict; Subject Term: PERFORMANCE; Subject Term: ETHICAL problems; Subject Term: ETHNIC groups; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: SOVIET Union; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 20p; ; Illustrations: 5 Charts; ; Document Type: Article; ; Full Text Word Count: 7627; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Wilbanks, T. J.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Bass, Hans H.
T1  - Sustaining Development in a Low-Priority Region for International Assistance
T2  - Energy and sustainable development
PB  - African Development Perspectives Yearbook 1992/93, vol. 3.
PB  - Hamburg,
PB  - Lit
Y1  - 1994///
SP  - 37
EP  - 42
N1  - Accession Number: 0415829 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-89473-227-X; Keywords: Assistance;  Development; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199707
KW  - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations          O19
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0415829&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Ronald J.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Income Distribution Effects of Electric Utility DSM Programs
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1994///
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
SP  - 103
EP  - 118
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0367961; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199512
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0367961&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Winkler, Karl-Heinz A.
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
A2  - Ames, Karyn R.
A2  - Brenner, Alan
T1  - On the Future of the Centralized Computing Environment
T2  - Frontiers of supercomputing II: A national reassessment
PB  - Los Alamos Series in Basic and Applied Sciences, vol. 12.
PB  - Berkeley and London:
PB  - University of California Press
Y1  - 1994///
SP  - 293
EP  - 298
N1  - Accession Number: 0415377; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-520-08401-2; ; Geographic Descriptors: Global; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199707
KW  - Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment          L63
KW  - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software          L86
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0415377&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Morse, Norm
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
A2  - Ames, Karyn R.
A2  - Brenner, Alan
T1  - Planning for a Supercomputing Future
T2  - Frontiers of supercomputing II: A national reassessment
PB  - Los Alamos Series in Basic and Applied Sciences, vol. 12.
PB  - Berkeley and London:
PB  - University of California Press
Y1  - 1994///
SP  - 379
EP  - 386
N1  - Accession Number: 0415384; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-520-08401-2; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199707
KW  - Technological Change; Research and Development; Intellectual Property Rights: General          O30
KW  - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software          L86
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0415384&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Selden, Bob
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
A2  - Ames, Karyn R.
A2  - Brenner, Alan
T1  - The Role of Computing in National Defense Technology
T2  - Frontiers of supercomputing II: A national reassessment
PB  - Los Alamos Series in Basic and Applied Sciences, vol. 12.
PB  - Berkeley and London:
PB  - University of California Press
Y1  - 1994///
SP  - 399
EP  - 402
N1  - Accession Number: 0415387; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-520-08401-2; Keywords: Defense;  National Defense;  Technology; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199707
KW  - Technological Change; Research and Development; Intellectual Property Rights: General          O30
KW  - National Security and War          H56
KW  - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software          L86
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0415387&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Borchers, Robert
AD  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA
A2  - Ames, Karyn R.
A2  - Brenner, Alan
T1  - A Look at Worldwide High-Performance Computing and Its Economic Implications for the U.S.
T2  - Frontiers of supercomputing II: A national reassessment
PB  - Los Alamos Series in Basic and Applied Sciences, vol. 12.
PB  - Berkeley and London:
PB  - University of California Press
Y1  - 1994///
SP  - 413
EP  - 433
N1  - Accession Number: 0415389 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-520-08401-2; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Global; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199707
KW  - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes          O33
KW  - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software          L86
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Hecker, Sig
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
A2  - Ames, Karyn R.
A2  - Brenner, Alan
T1  - The Importance of the Federal Government's Role in High-Performance Computing
T2  - Frontiers of supercomputing II: A national reassessment
PB  - Los Alamos Series in Basic and Applied Sciences, vol. 12.
PB  - Berkeley and London:
PB  - University of California Press
Y1  - 1994///
SP  - 575
EP  - 578
N1  - Accession Number: 0415408; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-520-08401-2; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199707
KW  - Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment          L63
KW  - Technological Change: Government Policy          O38
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO
T1  - Our Home: Buildings of the Land Energy Efficiency Design Guide for Indian Housing
JO  - Our Home: Buildings of the Land Energy Efficiency Design Guide for Indian Housing
JF  - Our Home: Buildings of the Land Energy Efficiency Design Guide for Indian Housing
Y1  - 1994///
AB  - This design guide is a product of the DOE-HUD Initiative on Energy Efficiency in Housing. The initiative was created in 1990 as a collaborative framework to harness the technical skill of the Department of Energy's laboratories and programs for making energy efficiency improvements in public and Indian housing, private rental housing, and homeless shelters. The guide contains three basic sections which discuss procedures to improve energy efficiency in Indian Housing including information on passive solar heating and natural cooling. Section I contains information about energy-efficient techniques and how they work, and gives some specific design advice; Section II introduces the reader to the personal computer program, BuilderGuide, which provides a simple evaluation of energy efficiency for a given structure; and Section III gives designers and Indian Housing Authorities a realistic set of goals for energy-efficient design in different climates (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Energy efficient housing
KW  - Energy performance standards
KW  - Housing for native americans
KW  - Public housing maintenance
KW  - Management of assisted housing
KW  - Solar energy applications
KW  - Solar-heated housing
KW  - Solar heating
N1  - Accession Number: MRB-FSD0348956; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO; Source Info: 89 pp.; 1994    ; Note: Availability: HUD USER, P.O. Box 6091, Rockville, MD 20849; phone (800) 245-2691; fax (301) 519-5767; or TDD (800) 843-2209..; Note: Sponsoring Organization: U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - flh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Ziska, Lewis H.
AU  - Bunce, James A.
T1  - Respiratory responses of higher plants to atmospheric CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1994/01//
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 229
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Although the respiratory response of native and agricultural plants to atmospheric CO2 enrichment has been reported over the past 75 years, only recently have these effects emerged as prominent measures of plant and ecosystem response to the earth's changing climate. In this review we discuss this rapidly expanding field of study and propose that both increasing and decreasing rates of leaf and whole-plant respiration are likely to occur in response to rising CO2 concentrations. While the stimulatory effects of CO2 on respiration are consistent with our knowledge of leaf carbohydrate status and plant metabolism, we wish to emphasize the rather surprising short-term inhibition of leaf respiration by elevated CO2 and the reported effects of long-term CO2 exposure on growth and maintenance respiration. As is being found in many studies, it is easier to document the respiratory response of higher plants to elevated CO2 than it is to assign a mechanistic basis for the observed effects. Despite this gap in our understanding of how respiration is affected by CO2 enrichment, data are sufficient to suggest that changes in leaf and whole-plant respiration may be important considerations in the carbon dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems as global CO2 continues to rise. Suggestions for future research that would enable these and other effects of CO2 on respiration to be unravelled are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Respiration in plants
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Plant metabolism
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - growth respiration
KW  - maintenance respiration
KW  - respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 12728253; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Ziska, Lewis H. 2; Bunce, James A. 2; Affiliations: 1: S. D. Wullschleger (corresponding author), Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA;; 2: L. H. Ziska and J. A. Bunce, Climate Stress Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA.; Issue Info: Jan1994, Vol. 90 Issue 1, p221; Thesaurus Term: Respiration in plants; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Plant metabolism; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: Carbohydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: maintenance respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1994.900132.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Schwartz, Stephen E.
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
A2  - Hickey, James E., Jr.
A2  - Longmire, Linda A.
T1  - Acid Deposition: No Such Thing as a Free Launch
T2  - The environment: Global problems, local solutions
PB  - Contributions in Economics and Economic History series, no. 153.
PB  - Westport, Conn. and London:
PB  - Greenwood Press
Y1  - 1994///
SP  - 61
EP  - 77
N1  - Accession Number: 0419026; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-313-29160-8; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199707
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aloia, John F.
AU  - Vaswani, Ashok
AU  - Yeh, James K.
AU  - Ross, Patrick L.
AU  - Flaster, Edith
AU  - Dilmanian, F. Avraham
T1  - Calcium Supplementation with and without Hormone Replacement Therapy To Prevent Postmenopausal Bone Loss.
JO  - Annals of Internal Medicine
JF  - Annals of Internal Medicine
Y1  - 1994/01/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 103
SN  - 00034819
AB  - Objective: To determine whether augmentation of dietary calcium is effective in the prevention of early postmenopausal bone loss. Design: Three-arm, placebo-controlled, randomized parallel trial. The study duration was 2.9 ± 1.1 (SD) years. Setting: General community. Participants: 118 healthy, white women 3 to 6 years after spontaneous menopause, recruited by community announcement. Interventions: Random allocation to daily intake of 1700 mg of calcium (calcium carbonate given in divided doses with meals); placebo; or conjugated equine estrogens (0.625 mg; days 1 to 25), progesterone (10 mg; days 16 to 25), and 1700 mg of elemental calcium daily. Each participant received 400 IU of vitamin D daily. Main Outcome Measures: Total body calcium measured by delayed gamma neutron activation analysis and whole-body counting; bone mineral density of the spine, femur, and radius measured by photon absorptiometry. Results: Bone mineral density declined in the placebo group for the lumbar spine (-2.1 %/y; 95% CI, -3.3 to -0.9), femoral neck (-2.0%/y; CI,-2.6 to -1.2), trochanter (-1.6%/y; CI, -2.4 to-0.8), Ward triangle (-2.7%/y; CI, -3.7 to -1.7), and total body calcium (-2.0%/y; CI, -2.2 to-1.8). Rates of change were intermediate for calcium augmentation compared with placebo and estrogen-progesterone-calcium but statistically significant compared with placebo for total body calcium (-0.5%/y; CI, -0.9 to -- 0.1; P = 0.006) and the femoral neck (-0.8%/y; CI, -1.4 to -0.2; P = 0.03). Conclusions: Although less effective than estrogen-progesterone-calcium, calcium augmentation alone significantly retards bone loss from the femoral neck and improves calcium balance in recently postmenopausal women. Dietary calcium augmentation should be recommended as a strategic option in helping to prevent early postmenopausal bone loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Internal Medicine is the property of American College of Physicians and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BONES -- Diseases
KW  - CALCIUM -- Physiological effect
KW  - ESTROGEN -- Therapeutic use
KW  - PROGESTERONE -- Therapeutic use
N1  - Accession Number: 6986585; Aloia, John F. 1,2; Vaswani, Ashok 1,2; Yeh, James K. 1,2; Ross, Patrick L. 1,2; Flaster, Edith 1,2; Dilmanian, F. Avraham 1,2; Source Information: 1/15/94, Vol. 120 Issue 2, p97; Subject: BONES -- Diseases; Subject: CALCIUM -- Physiological effect; Subject: ESTROGEN -- Therapeutic use; Subject: PROGESTERONE -- Therapeutic use; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5878
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Stanbridge, P. J.
AU  - Blake, Richard
AU  - Ali, Muazzam
AU  - Kops, Ivars
AU  - Baurac, David
AU  - Sadil, Christopher
AU  - Pollitzer, Angela
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Economist
JF  - Economist
Y1  - 1994/01/29/
VL  - 330
IS  - 7848
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 00130613
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues, including "Who's Sharper Now?," in the January 15, 1994 issue, "Emerging, Submerging," in the January 22, 1994 issue, and an article about the intellectual-property problems of the drug industry.
KW  - INDUSTRIAL policy
KW  - BUSINESS enterprises
KW  - EMERGING markets
KW  - INTELLECTUAL property
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 18388073; Stanbridge, P. J.; Blake, Richard; Ali, Muazzam 1; Kops, Ivars; Baurac, David 2; Sadil, Christopher; Pollitzer, Angela; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Islamic Banking and Insurance, London; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: 1/29/94, Vol. 330 Issue 7848, p6; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL policy; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS enterprises; Thesaurus Term: EMERGING markets; Thesaurus Term: INTELLECTUAL property; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 932
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Felton, James S.
T1  - Heterocyclic Amine-induced Cancer and Myocardial Lesions in Nonhuman Primates.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 1994/02//
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 00916765
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor on heterocyclic amine-induced cancer and mycocardial lesions in non-human primates, published in the February 1994 issue of the journal "Environmental Health Perspectives."
KW  - Heterocyclic compounds
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 13013407; Felton, James S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California.; Issue Info: Feb1994, Vol. 102 Issue 2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Heterocyclic compounds; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, Paul D.
T1  - DPL.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 131
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This article introduces the DPL decision and risk analysis modeling package for Microsoft Windows from Applied Decision Analysis.  Models are built using a combination of decision trees and influence diagrams. Models can use DPL's extensive function set, or incorporate spreadsheet analysis by linking with an application through Microsoft Windows DDE or by converting files saved in WK1 format. Output graphics include, policy trees, risk profiles, and policy summaries. The user can perform sensitivity analysis on all input values, including probabilities, displaying results as rainbow or tornado diagrams. Version 3.1, available in January 1994, will include Monte Carlo evaluation of large trees and support for Microsoft Excel 4.0 spreadsheet files. DPL is two versions. The standard version, priced at $495, is designed for novice users and includes all the power and features necessary for basic decision analysis. The advanced version costs $995 and includes additional modeling, analysis, and validation features. DPL requires a 286 or higher PC or PS/2 compatible computer, VGA or better graphics adapter, and a mouse. For optimum performance, a 386 or higher computer with a math coprocessor and at least 2M of memory is recommended. DPL also requires Microsoft Windows 3.0 or higher. A demonstration disk is available for a $5 shipping and handling charge.
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Risk
KW  - Electronic spreadsheets
KW  - Applied Decision Analysis Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 17494038; Moskowitz, Paul D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Software Editor, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 490-D, Upton, New York, 11973; Issue Info: Feb94, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p131; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Computer software; Subject Term: Risk; Subject Term: Electronic spreadsheets ; Company/Entity: Applied Decision Analysis Inc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Stock, David
AU  - Moskowitz, Paul D.
T1  - Models'n'Data, Version 1.0.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Product Review
SP  - 133
EP  - 134
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This article evaluates the Models'n'Data 1.0 statistical model software from Intellimation.  The software is a tool for teaching statistical concepts. The program sets itself apart from other statistical packages, which focus on performing calculations. When dealing with statistical models, the program can quickly demonstrate the nature of the models, and issues related to repeated sampling, such as the Central Limit Theorem, and properties of confidence intervals. On the other hand, when starting the data, the program can quickly lead the student to the important aspects of good data analysis. Faster machines and Macintosh System 7.0 are preferable to run the software. The central elements of the software are experiment files, which contain preprogrammed demonstrations. Thirty-one experiment files, which demonstrate a wide range of statistical ideas. The bundled experiments cover such topics as exploratory data analysis, distributions of summary statistics, properties of the Normal distribution, the Central Limit Theorem, least squares as well as a number of topics. Once the experiment file has been opened, there are three main windows associated with it, an Experiment window, a Summary window and a Fit window. The Experiment Window displays the contents of the experiment file, and allows the experiment to be viewed in a number of different ways. The Summary window is used to calculate summary statistics, and to display the empirical distributions of those statistics. The Fit window displays information about models that have been fitted to the experiment.
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Central limit theorem
KW  - Confidence intervals
KW  - Intellimation (Company)
N1  - Accession Number: 17494043; Stock, David 1; Moskowitz, Paul D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Engineering Technology Division, Building 130, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973; Issue Info: Feb94, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p133; Subject Term: Computer software; Subject Term: Statistics; Subject Term: Central limit theorem; Subject Term: Confidence intervals ; Company/Entity: Intellimation (Company); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Product Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poli, I.
AU  - Jones, R. D.
AD  - U Modena
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
T1  - A Neural Net Model for Prediction
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1994/03//
VL  - 89
IS  - 425
SP  - 117
EP  - 121
SN  - 01621459
N1  - Accession Number: 0326374; Keywords: Kalman Filter; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199409
N2  - In this article we introduce a neural net designed for nonlinear statistical prediction. The net is based on a stochastic model featuring a multilayer feedforward architecture with random connections between units and noisy response functions. A Bayesian inferential procedure for this model, based on the Kalman filter, is derived. The resulting learning algorithm generalizes the so-called one-dimensional Newton method, an updating algorithm currently popular in the neural net literature. A numerical study concerning the prediction of a noisy chaotic time series is presented, and the greater predictive accuracy of the new algorithm with respect to the Newton algorithm is exhibited.
KW  - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes          C22
L3  - http://amstat.tandfonline.com/loi/uasa20
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UR  - http://amstat.tandfonline.com/loi/uasa20
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loeb, Alan P.
AU  - Elliott, Tiffany J.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - PSD Constraints on Utility Planning: A Review of Recent Visibility Litigation
JO  - Natural Resources Journal
JF  - Natural Resources Journal
Y1  - 1994///Spring
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
SP  - 231
EP  - 270
SN  - 00280739
N1  - Accession Number: 0354667; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199508
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
KW  - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law          K32
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
L3  - http://lawschool.unm.edu/NRJ/
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0354667&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://lawschool.unm.edu/NRJ/
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
AU  - Carnes, Bruce A.
T1  - Demographic Perspectives on Human Senescence.
T2  - Perspectivas demográficas sobre la senescencia humana.
T2  - Perspectives démographiques sur la sénescence humaine.
JO  - Population & Development Review
JF  - Population & Development Review
Y1  - 1994/03//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 80
SN  - 00987921
AB  - Demographic approaches to modeling and forecasting mortality are often based on the observation of short-term trends in death statistics and the assumption that future mortality will exhibit patterns similar to those of the recent past. This extrapolation method has led some demographers to conclude that life expectancy in the not too remote future will reach 100 years. Similar predictions follow from another demographic model that establishes a hypothetical link between risk factor modification and changes in death rates. These predictions are examined within the context of the observed mortality record of the United States, and their biological plausibility is assessed in light of evolutionary theories of senescence. Results indicate that these demographic models lead to mortality schedules that do not follow from the observed mortality record and that are inconsistent with predictions of biologically based limits to longevity. Although there is probably not a genetic program for death, the biology of our species places inherent limits on human longevity. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Los enfoques demográficos para establecer modelos y estimar la mortalidad se basan frecuentemente en la observación de las tendencias a corto plazo de las estadísticas de muertes y en el supuesto de que la mortalidad futura exhibirá pautas similares a las de un pasado reciente. Este método de extrapolación ha llevado a algunos demógrafos a concluir que la esperanza de vida alcanzará 100 años dentro de un futuro no muy lejano. Predicciones similares resultan de otro modelo demográfico que establece un lazo hipotético entre modificaciones de los factores de riesgo y los cambios en las tasas de muertes. Se examinan estas predicciones dentro del contexto del récord de mortalidad observado en los Estados Unidos, además su aparente validez biológica se evalúa a la luz de las teorías evolucionarias de la senescencia. Los resultados indican que estos modelos demográficos conducen a tablas de mortalidad que no corresponden al récord de mortalidad observado y que no están de acuerdo con las predicciones de límites biológicamente basados de la longevidad. Aunque no exista probablemente un programa genético para la muerte, la biología de nuestra especie establece limites inherentes sobre la longevidad humana. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - En démographie, la modélisation et l'élaboration de prévisions sur la mortalité sont souvent fondés sur l'observation des tendances à court terme dans les statistiques de mortalité et sur l'hypothèse que les taux de mortalité futurs présenteront des caractéristiques semblables à celles des taux les plus récents. Cette méthode d'extrapolation a amené certains démographes à conclure que l'espérance de vie atteindrait 100 ans dans un avenir rapproché. Des prévisions semblables ont également été tirées d'un modèle démographique qui a établi un lien hypothétique entre la modification des facteurs de risque et les changements dans les taux de mortalité. Ces prévisions sont étudiées dans le contexte des données sur la mortalité observées aux États-Unis, et leur plausibilité biologique est évaluée à la lueur des théories évolutionnistes de sénescence. Les résultats révèlent que ces modèles démographiques mènent à des tables de mortalitè qui sont incompatibles avec la mortalité observée ainsi qu'avec les prévisions des limites à la longévité à caractère biologique. Bien qu'il n'y ait sans doute pas de programme génétique pour la mortalité, la biologie de notre espèce impose des limites naturelles à la longévité humaine. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Population & Development Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEMOGRAPHY
KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
KW  - HUMAN life cycle
KW  - MORTALITY
KW  - LIFE expectancy
KW  - LONGEVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 16972456; Olshansky, S. Jay 1; Carnes, Bruce A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Research Associate, Center on Aging, Health and Society, Department of Medicine, and Population Research Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; 2: Scientist, Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Mar1994, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p57; Thesaurus Term: DEMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; Subject Term: HUMAN life cycle; Subject Term: MORTALITY; Subject Term: LIFE expectancy; Subject Term: LONGEVITY; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camp, W.J.
AU  - Plimpton, S. J.
AU  - Hendrickson, B. A.
AU  - Leland, R. W.
T1  - Massively Parallel Methods for Engineering and Science Problems.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1994/04//
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 41
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Massively parallel (ML) computing is seen by engineers and scientists as a tool useful for reaching this goal. Unfortunately, for those who simply wish to use the tool, exploiting parallelism in physical problems brings with it a new set of challenges. Issues that were not important for vector supercomputer implementation can seriously impact a simulation's performance on a ML machine. These include decomposing the physical problem into naturally parallel parts, load balancing the computation across multiple processors, efficiently communicating data between processors, and fast movement of data in and out of the machine. It is these issues-which the engineer/scientist views as tangential to the task of actually solving the problem at hand, that have created the perception that parallel computers are a specialty breed and have slowed their acceptance by industry. As large parallel machines become more generally available to the traditional vector supercomputer user community, and programmers become accustomed to thinking about their problems from the perspective of parallelism, creating new parallel simulations will become commonplace and thus easier. A second component of the solution is auxiliary tools supplied by vendors and third parties.
KW  - ENGINEERS
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12620733; Camp, W.J. 1; Email Address: wjcamp@cs.sandia.gov; Plimpton, S. J. 2; Email Address: sjplimp@cs.sandia.gov; Hendrickson, B. A. 3; Email Address: bahendr@cs.sandia.gov; Leland, R. W. 4; Email Address: rwlelan@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Manager, Parallel Computational Sciences Department.; 2: Staff Member, Parallel Computational Sciences Department,t Sandia National Laboratories.; 3: Staff Member, Applied and Computational Mathematics Department, Sandia National Laboratories.; 4: Staff Member, Parallel Computational Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories.; Issue Info: Apr94, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p31; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERS; Thesaurus Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geeter, F.
AU  - Franken, F.
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Bossuyt, A.
T1  - Relationship between blood flow and fatty acid metabolism in subacute myocardial infarction: a study by means ofTc-Sestamibi andI-β-methyl-iodo-phenyl pentadecanoic acid.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
EP  - 291
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146195; Geeter, F. 1; Franken, F. 1; Knapp, F. 2; Bossuyt, A. 1; Source Information: Apr1994, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p283; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00947962
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geeter, F.
AU  - Franken, F.
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Bossuyt, A.
T1  - Relationship between blood flow and fatty acid metabolism in subacute myocardial infarction: a study by means of Tc-Sestamibi and I-β-methyl-iodo-phenyl pentadecanoic acid.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
EP  - 291
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146214; Geeter, F. 1; Franken, F. 1; Knapp, F. 2; Bossuyt, A. 1; Source Information: Apr1994, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p283; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00176566
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ladd, Beth
AU  - Travis, Curtis C.
T1  - Development and Transfer of Pollution Prevention Technology.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 213
EP  - 213
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The article reviews the book "Development and Transfer of Pollution Prevention Technology," by Ann Rappaport.
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Rappaport, Ann
KW  - Development & Transfer of Pollution Prevention Technology (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17472180; Ladd, Beth 1; Travis, Curtis C. 2; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; 2: Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Apr94, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p213; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Development & Transfer of Pollution Prevention Technology (Book); People: Rappaport, Ann; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrill, W. Andrew
T1  - The Gulf Conflict 1990-91: Diplomacy and War in the New World Order/Desert Storm: The Gulf War and What We Learned (Book).
JO  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
JF  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
J1  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
PY  - 1994/04//Apr-Jun94
Y1  - 1994/04//Apr-Jun94
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 223
EP  - 225
PB  - Routledge
SN  - 1057610X
AB  - Reviews two books about the 1991 Gulf War. "The Gulf Conflict, 1990-91: Diplomacy and War in the New World Order," by Lawrence Freedman and Efraim Karsh; "Desert Storm: The Gulf War and What We Learned," by Michael J. Mazarr, Don M. Snider and James A. Blackwell.
KW  - GULF Conflict 1990-1991: Diplomacy & War in the New World Order, The (Book)
KW  - FREEDMAN, Lawrence
KW  - KARSH, Efraim
KW  - MAZARR, Michael J.
KW  - SNIDER, Don M.
KW  - BLACKWELL, James A.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - DESERT Storm: The Gulf War & What We Learned (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9412276705; Source Information: Apr-Jun94, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p223; Subject Term: GULF Conflict 1990-1991: Diplomacy & War in the New World Order, The (Book); Subject Term: FREEDMAN, Lawrence; Subject Term: KARSH, Efraim; Subject Term: MAZARR, Michael J.; Subject Term: SNIDER, Don M.; Subject Term: BLACKWELL, James A.; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: DESERT Storm: The Gulf War & What We Learned (Book); Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Book Review; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Feinendegen, L.
T1  - Iodoheptadecanoic acid scintigraphy is related to lipid turnover.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/05//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 467
EP  - 468
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146235; Feinendegen, L. 1; Source Information: May1994, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p467; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1007/BF00171426
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Bois, F. Y.;
AU  - Tozer, T. N.;
AU  - Hauck, W. W.;
AU  - Chen, M. L.;
AU  - Williams, R. L.;
AU  - \ET/;
T1  - Bioequivalence: performance of several measures of extent of absorption
CT  - Bioequivalence: performance of several measures of extent of absorption
JO  - Pharmaceutical Research (USA)
JF  - Pharmaceutical Research (USA)
Y1  - 1994/05/01/
VL  - 11
IS  - May
SP  - 715
EP  - 722
SN  - 07248741
AD  - Indoor Environ. Prog., Mail Stop 90-3058, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
N1  - Accession Number: 32-03926; Language: English; References: 6; Journal Coden: PHREEB; Section Heading: Methodology; Drug Metabolism and Body Distribution; Abstract Author: Ellen Katz Neumann
N2  - Simulations were used to examine the ability of various measures to assess the bioequivalence of drugs in terms of accuracy, precision, and ease of use. Of the measures tested, the most reliable were the area under the concentration-time curve computed up to the time of the last quantifiable concentration, without extrapolation, and the peak concentration. However, being also sensitive to rate, the peak concentration as a measure of extent is of limited potential. It was concluded that overall, when testing bioequivalency in terms of extent of absorption, both consistency and accuracy need to be considered.
KW  - Equivalency--drugs--absorption, methodology;
KW  - Absorption--drugs--equivalency, methodology;
KW  - Blood levels--drugs--equivalency, methodology;
KW  - Models--absorption--equivalency, methodology;
KW  - Methodology--absorption--equivalency, models;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jamil, Mamnoon
AU  - Batta, Rajan
AU  - Malon, David M.
T1  - The Traveling Repairperson Home Base Location Problem.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1994/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - This paper considers the problem of locating the home base of a traveling server on a network. Calls for service arrive solely at nodes via independent, time-homogeneous Poisson processes. Calls finding the server busy enter a finite capacity queue which is depleted in a First-Come- First-Served (FCFS) manner. The server travels from his / her home base serving calls back-to-back, returning home only when he / she finds the system empty upon the completion of a service. The objective we consider is to minimize the average response time to an accepted call. The queueing system is analyzed via a busy period analysis, which uses a decoupling scheme to simplify the task of optimizing the home base location. Computational experience is discussed and a numerical example is presented. Generalizations of the model are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOME businesses
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - OFFICES
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
KW  - QUEUING theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - POISSON processes
KW  - LOCATION
KW  - TRAVEL
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
N1  - Accession Number: 4453889; Jamil, Mamnoon 1; Batta, Rajan 2; Malon, David M. 3; Affiliations: 1: School of Business, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey 08102.; 2: Department of Industrial Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260.; 3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Issue Info: May94, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p150; Thesaurus Term: HOME businesses; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT; Thesaurus Term: OFFICES; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; Thesaurus Term: QUEUING theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: POISSON processes; Subject Term: LOCATION; Subject Term: TRAVEL; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holmes, Lore L.
AU  - Harbottle, Garman
AU  - Blanc, Annie
T1  - Compositional Fingerprinting: New Directions in the Study of the Provenance of Limestone.
JO  - Gesta
JF  - Gesta
Y1  - 1994/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 18
SN  - 0016920X
AB  - Compositional characterization of limestone by neutron activation analysis (NAA), carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory, is used in conjunction with stylistic and iconographic criteria to infer geographic origin and attribution of medieval limestone sculptures. NAA permits the simultaneous determination of approximately twenty elements present in minute concentrations in very small samples of powdered limestone. The resulting compositional data are stored in the Brookhaven Limestone Database, which currently comprises approximately one thousand analyses, including stone from sculptures in American and French museums and from medieval monuments and thirty-eight quarries in the Ile-de-France, Burgundy and Perigord. The multivariate statistical procedures used to group sculptures and relate them to quarry stone are summarized, and the results of several provenance studies are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Gesta is the property of University of Chicago Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Medieval sculpture
KW  - Idols & images in art
KW  - Nuclear activation analysis
KW  - Limestone
KW  - Quarries & quarrying
KW  - France
KW  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 33643816; Holmes, Lore L. 1; Harbottle, Garman 1; Blanc, Annie 2; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; 2 : Centre de Recherches sur les Monuments Historiques, Paris;  Source Info: 1994, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p10; Thesaurus Term: Medieval sculpture; Thesaurus Term: Idols & images in art; Subject Term: Nuclear activation analysis; Subject Term: Limestone; Subject Term: Quarries & quarrying; Subject: France; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 7 Charts, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kvam, Paul H.
AU  - Samaniego, Francisco J.
T1  - Nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation based on ranked set samples.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1994/06//
VL  - 89
IS  - 426
M3  - Article
SP  - 526
SN  - 01621459
AB  - A ranked set sample consists entirely of independently distributed order statistics and can occur naturally in many experimental settings, including problems in reliability When each ranked set from which an order statistic is drawn is of the same size, and when the statistic of each fixed order is sampled the same number of times, the ranked set sample is said to be balanced Stokes and Sager have shown that the edf Fn of a balanced ranked set sample from the cdf F is an unbiased estimator of F and is more precise than the edf of a simple random sample of the same size The nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) F* of F is studied in this article Its existence and uniqueness is demonstrated, and a general numerical procedure is presented and is shown to converge to F*. If the ranked set sample is balanced, it is shown that the EM algorithm, with Fn as a seed, converges to the unique solution (F*) of the problem's self-consistency equations, the consistency of every iterate of the EM algorithm is also demonstrated. The modifications needed to obtain similar results in unbalanced cases are also discussed. Finally, the results of a simulation study are reported, which support the claim that the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator, as approximated by an appropriate iterate of the EM algorithm, performs well in the unbalanced case where Fn is inapplicable and performs better than Fn in balanced cases where both estimators exist and can be compared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONPARAMETRIC statistics
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - EXPECTATION-maximization algorithms
KW  - ACCELERATED life testing
KW  - ORDER statistics
KW  - Consistency
KW  - EM algorithm
KW  - Life testing
KW  - Order statistics
N1  - Accession Number: 9501092028; Kvam, Paul H. 1; Samaniego, Francisco J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Group A-1, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; 2: Professor, Division of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; Issue Info: Jun94, Vol. 89 Issue 426, p526; Thesaurus Term: NONPARAMETRIC statistics; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Subject Term: EXPECTATION-maximization algorithms; Subject Term: ACCELERATED life testing; Subject Term: ORDER statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Consistency; Author-Supplied Keyword: EM algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Order statistics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 9274
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnthous, Lawrence W.
T1  - Issues in Ecological Risk Assessment: The CRAM Perspective.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 256
SN  - 02724332
AB  - In 1989, a Committee on Risk Assessment Methodology (CRAM) was convened by the National Research Council (NRC) to identify and investigate important scientific issues in risk assessment. One of the first issues considered by the committee was the development of a conceptual framework for ecological risk assessment, defined as "the characterization of the adverse ecological effects of environmental exposures to hazards imposed by human activities." Adverse ecological effects include all biological and nonbiological environmental changes that society perceives as undesirable. The committee's opinion was that a general framework is needed to define the relationship of ecological risk assessment to environmental management and to facilitate the development of uniform technical guidelines. The framework for human health risk assessment proposed by the NRC in 1983 was adopted as a starting point for discussion. CRAM concluded that, although ecological risk assessment and human health risk assessment differ substantially in terms of scientific disciplines and technical problems, the underlying decision process is the same for both. Therefore, CRAM recommended that the 1983 risk assessment framework be modified to accommodate both human health and ecological risk assessment. CRAM defined an integrated health/ ecological risk assessment framework consisting of the four components: Hazard Identification, Exposure Assessment, Exposure-Response Assessment, and Risk Characterization. CRAM further provided recommendations on the scope of issues to be addressed in ecological risk assessment, critical research needs, and mechanisms for providing more detailed guidance on the scientific content of ecological risk assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Risk management in business
KW  - Committee on Risk Assessment Methodology
KW  - Environmental impact
KW  - National Research Council
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - Risk assessment framework, ecological
KW  - risk management
KW  - Toxic substance exposure
N1  - Accession Number: 8114567; Barnthous, Lawrence W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036; Issue Info: Jun94, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p251; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Hazards; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Risk management in business; Author-Supplied Keyword: Committee on Risk Assessment Methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: National Research Council; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment framework, ecological; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxic substance exposure; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Saljoughian, M.;
T1  - Radiotracers and radiopharmaceuticals: general view
CT  - Radiotracers and radiopharmaceuticals: general view
JO  - California Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
JF  - California Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Y1  - 1994/07/01/
VL  - 6
IS  - Jul
SP  - 15
EP  - 16
AD  - Natl. Tritium Labeling Facility, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
N1  - Accession Number: 32-01895; Language: English; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Institutional Pharmacy Practice; Abstract Author: Ellen Katz Neumann
N2  - Hospital radiopharmacy is discussed, including the use of radiochemical tracers, radioisotopes, stable isotopes, and positron emission tomography. It was noted that radioactivity or spontaneous emission of radiation from radioisotopes provides not only an energy source, but also a detection system. The ease of and high sensitivity in radioactivity measurement has led to widespread and routine use.
KW  - Radiopharmacy--hospital pharmacy--overview;
KW  - Hospitals--radiopharmacy--overview;
KW  - Radioisotopes--hospital pharmacy--overview;
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals--hospital pharmacy--overview;
KW  - Tomography--positron emission--overview;
KW  - Radioisotopes--hospital pharmacy--overview;
KW  - Pharmacy, institutional, hospital--radiopharmaceuticals--overview;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, G.
AU  - Peterson, M.
AU  - Adams, S.
AU  - Blaylock, B.
T1  - Estimation of appropriate background concentrations for assessing mercury contamination in fish.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1994/08//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 218
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study which aims to measure mercury concentrations in redbreast and bluegill sunfish from reservoirs and streams near Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The study digested samples in mixture of perchloric acid, nitric acid, and potassium dichromate, as well as analyzed by cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, the study revealed that mercury mean concentrations in redbreast and bluegill sunfish did not differ.
KW  - Mercury -- Physiological effect
KW  - Perchloric acid
KW  - Bluegill
KW  - Redbreast sunfish
KW  - Atomic absorption spectroscopy
KW  - Fish as laboratory animals
KW  - Oak Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - Tennessee
N1  - Accession Number: 70790827; Southworth, G. 1; Peterson, M. 1; Adams, S. 1; Blaylock, B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505 37831-6036 Oak Ridge USA; Issue Info: Aug1994, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p211; Thesaurus Term: Mercury -- Physiological effect; Thesaurus Term: Perchloric acid; Subject Term: Bluegill; Subject Term: Redbreast sunfish; Subject Term: Atomic absorption spectroscopy; Subject Term: Fish as laboratory animals; Subject: Oak Ridge (Tenn.); Subject: Tennessee; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00192035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider, Jane C.
AU  - Roessler, Paul
T1  - RADIOLABELING STUDIES OF LIPIDS AND FATTY ACIDS IN <em>NANNOCHLOROPSIS</em> (EUSTIGMATOPHYCEAF), AN OLEAGINOUS MARINE ALGAS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1994/08//
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 594
EP  - 598
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The synthesis of fatty acids and lipids in Nannochloropsis sp. Was investigated by labeling cells in vivo with [[sup14]C]-bicarbonate or [[sup14]C]-acetate. [[sup14]C]-bicarbonate was incorporated to the greatest extent into 16:0, 16:0 and 14:0 fatty acids, which are the predominant fatty acids of triacylglycerols. However, more than half of the [[sup14]C]-acetate was incorporated into longer and more desaturated fatty acids, which are constituents of membrane lipids. [[sup14]C]-acetate was incorporated most strongly into phosphatidylcholine, which rapidly lost during a 5-h chase period. The label associated with phosphatidyleth anolomine also decreased during the chase period, where as label in other membrane lipids and triacylglycerol increased. The dynamics of labeling, along with information regarding the acyl compositions of various lipids, suggested (that 1) the primary products of chloroplast fatty acids are formed by an elongation reaction that can utilize externally supplied acetate; 3) phosphatidylcholine is a site for desaturation of C[sub18] fatty acids; and 4) phosphatidylethamolamine may be a site for desaturation of C[sub20] fatty acids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fatty acids
KW  - Arachidonic acid
KW  - Eicosapentaenoic acid
KW  - Fish oils
KW  - arachidonic acid
KW  - eicosapentaenoic acid
KW  - Eustigmatophyceae
KW  - fish oil
KW  - Nannochloropsis
KW  - pulse chase.
N1  - Accession Number: 11471101; Schneider, Jane C. 1; Roessler, Paul 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401; Issue Info: Aug94, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p594; Thesaurus Term: Fatty acids; Subject Term: Arachidonic acid; Subject Term: Eicosapentaenoic acid; Subject Term: Fish oils; Author-Supplied Keyword: arachidonic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: eicosapentaenoic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eustigmatophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: fish oil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nannochloropsis; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse chase.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311710 Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11471101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, Kenneth T.
T1  - A Note on Compounded Conservatism.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 381
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Compounded conservatism (or "creeping safety") describes the impact of using conservative, upper-bound estimates of the values of multiple input variates to obtain a conservative estimate of risk modeled as an increasing function of those variates. In a simple multiplicative model of risk, for example, if upper p-fractile (100pth percentile) values are used for each of several statistically independent input variates, the resulting risk estimate will be the upper p′-fractile of risk predicted according to that multiplicative model, where p′ > p. The amount of compounded conservativism reflected by the difference between p′ and p may be substantial, depending on the number of inputs, their relative uncertainties, and the value of p selected. Particular numerical examples of compounded conservatism are often cited, but an analytic approach may better serve to conceptualize and communicate its potential quantitative impact. This note briefly outlines such an approach and illustrates its application to the case of risk modeled as a product of lognormally distributed inputs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Numerical analysis
KW  - Conservatism
KW  - Risk management in business
KW  - Variables (Mathematics)
KW  - Compounded conservatism
KW  - conservatism
KW  - lognormal
KW  - Mathematical analysis
KW  - probability
KW  - safety
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 8114580; Bogen, Kenneth T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Health and Ecological Assessment Division (L-453), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550-9900; Issue Info: Aug94, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p379; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Thesaurus Term: Numerical analysis; Subject Term: Conservatism; Subject Term: Risk management in business; Subject Term: Variables (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Compounded conservatism; Author-Supplied Keyword: conservatism; Author-Supplied Keyword: lognormal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacIntosh, David L.
AU  - Sutter II, Glenn W.
AU  - Hoffman, F. Owen
T1  - Uses of Probabilistic Exposure Models in Ecological Risk Assessments of Contaminated Sites.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
EP  - 419
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Food web models have two uses in assessments of environmental contaminants. First, they are used to determine whether remediation is needed by estimating exposure of end-point species and subsequent effects. Second, they are used to establish cleanup goals by estimating concentrations of contaminants in ambient media that will not cause significant effects. This paper demonstrates how achievement of these goals can be enhanced by the use of stochastic food web models. The models simulate the dynamics of PCBs and mercury in the food webs of mink and great blue herons. All parameters of the models are treated as having knowledge uncertainty, due to imperfect knowledge of the actual parameter values for the site, chemicals, and species of interest. This uncertainty is an indicator of the potential value of additional measurements. In addition, those parameters that are responsible for variance among individual organisms are assigned stochastic uncertainty. This uncertainty indicates the range of body burdens that are expected when the end-point species are monitored. These two types of uncertainty are separately accounted for in Monte Carlo simulations of the models. Preliminary monitoring results indicate that the models give reasonably good estimates of heron egg and nestling body burdens and of variance among individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Environmental remediation
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - CONTAMINATED SITES
KW  - ecological risks
KW  - food web model
KW  - heron
KW  - Heron, great blue
KW  - Mercury
KW  - mink
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyl
KW  - Risk assessment, ecological
KW  - THEORETICAL MODELS
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 8114603; MacIntosh, David L. 1; Sutter II, Glenn W. 2; Hoffman, F. Owen 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Room 1310, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 3: SENES Oak Ridge, Inc., Center for Risk Analysis, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Aug94, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p405; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Environmental remediation; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: CONTAMINATED SITES; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological risks; Author-Supplied Keyword: food web model; Author-Supplied Keyword: heron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heron, great blue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: mink; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polychlorinated biphenyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment, ecological; Author-Supplied Keyword: THEORETICAL MODELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
T1  - Uncertainty and Variability in Human Exposures to Soil Contaminants Through Home-Grown Food: A Monte Carlo Assessment.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
EP  - 463
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This paper presents a general model for exposure to homegrown foods that is used with a Monte Carlo analysis to determine the relative contributions of variability (Type A uncertainty) and true uncertainty (Type B uncertainty) to the overall variance in prediction of the dose-to-concentration ratio. Although classification of exposure inputs as uncertain or variable is somewhat subjective, food consumption rates and exposure duration are judged to have a predicted variance that is dominated by variability among individuals by age, income, culture, and geographical region. Whereas, biotransfer factors and partition factors are inputs that, to a large extent, involve uncertainty. Using ingestion of fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy products, and meat and soils assumed to be contaminated by hexachlorbenzene (HCB) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) as cases studies, a Monte Carlo analysis is used to explore the relative contribution of uncertainty and variability to overall variance in the estimated distribution of potential dose within the population that consumes homegrown foods. It is found that, when soil concentrations are specified, variances in ratios of dose-to-concentration for HCB are equally attributable to uncertainty and variability, whereas for BaP, variance in these ratios is dominated by true uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Food consumption
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Biotransfer
KW  - eggs
KW  - exposure
KW  - food chains
KW  - Food, home-grown
KW  - fruits
KW  - grains
KW  - homegrown foods
KW  - Human exposure
KW  - meat
KW  - milk
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Soil contaminant
KW  - variability
KW  - vegetables
N1  - Accession Number: 8114601; McKone, Thomas E. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Davis and University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Risk Sciences Program, P.O. Box 808, L-453, Livermore, California 94551; Issue Info: Aug94, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p449; Thesaurus Term: Food consumption; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Subject Term: Uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biotransfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: eggs; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: food chains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food, home-grown; Author-Supplied Keyword: fruits; Author-Supplied Keyword: grains; Author-Supplied Keyword: homegrown foods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: meat; Author-Supplied Keyword: milk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil contaminant; Author-Supplied Keyword: variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: vegetables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilbert, K. A.
T1  - Element of Risk: The Politics of Radon.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 659
EP  - 659
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Element of Risk: The Politics of Radon," by Leonard A. Cole.
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Cole, Leonard A.
KW  - Element of Risk: The Politics of Radon (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17493912; Wilbert, K. A. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Center for Risk Management, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916; Issue Info: Aug94, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p659; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Element of Risk: The Politics of Radon (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; People: Cole, Leonard A.; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strait, R. Scott
T1  - Decision Analysis Approach to Competitive Situations with a Pure Infinite Regress.
JO  - Decision Sciences
JF  - Decision Sciences
Y1  - 1994/09//Sep-Dec94
VL  - 25
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 853
EP  - 862
SN  - 00117315
AB  - If the standard decision analysis approach was applied to a competitive situation, then the decision maker would attempt to assess a subjective probability distribution over all possible actions by the competitors or rivals. However, in assessing this probability distribution, the decision maker would quickly find hint/herself in an infinite regress. There is a range of possible dependencies between the decision maker's decision and the rival's action that lead to such a regress. This paper presents an approach to overcoming this infinite regress in performing decision analyses of competitive situations with a "pure" infinite regress. In a pure infinite regress there is a dependency between the decision maker's decision and the rival's choice of action: if the decision maker prefers one alternative to any other, then the rival's actions will reflect a belief by the rival that the preferred alternative is morn likely to be the decision maker's decision. The approach builds the decision maker's preferred rank order of alternatives, while simultaneously constructing a consistent model of the rival's beliefs about the decision maker's decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Decision Sciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - COMPETITION
KW  - PROBABILITY measures
KW  - and probability assessment.
KW  - decision analysis
KW  - game theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11936649; Strait, R. Scott 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94551; Issue Info: Sep-Dec94, Vol. 25 Issue 5/6, p853; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: COMPETITION; Subject Term: PROBABILITY measures; Author-Supplied Keyword: and probability assessment.; Author-Supplied Keyword: decision analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: game theory; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Mirzadeh, S.
T1  - The continuing important role of radionuclide generator systems for nuclear medicine.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 21
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1151
EP  - 1165
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154476; Knapp, F. 1; Mirzadeh, S. 1; Source Information: Oct1994, Vol. 21 Issue 10, p1151; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00181073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Metz, William C.
T1  - Potential Negative Impacts of Nuclear Activities on Local Economies: Rethinking the Issue.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
EP  - 770
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Surveys of public opinion about perceptions of risk associated with the nuclear fuel cycle have shown that the public professes a widespread feeling of dread, a fear of associated stigmas, and a concern about possible catastrophic nuclear accidents. Various interest groups and state governments that oppose congressionally mandated siting of centralized high-level radioactive waste (HLW) storage and disposal facilities are using this negative imagery to create a powerful, emotional obstacle to the siting process. From statistical analyses of images and location preferences, researchers have claimed that possible significant economic losses could potentially accompany the siting of HLW facilities. However, several paradoxes, or self-contradictory statements, apparently exist between the responses expressed in surveys and the actual economic and demographic behavior evidenced in the marketplace. Federal policymakers need to evaluate whether the request for a change in siting policy is based on subjective fear of a potential negative economic effect or on proven negative effects. Empirically observed behavior does not support predicted negative economic effects based on survey responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PUBLIC opinion polls
KW  - RISK perception
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - NUCLEAR accidents
KW  - behavior
KW  - LOCAL ECONOMIES
KW  - nuclear
KW  - perceptions
KW  - Risk
KW  - surveys
N1  - Accession Number: 8114615; Metz, William C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p763; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion polls; Subject Term: RISK perception; Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Subject Term: NUCLEAR accidents; Author-Supplied Keyword: behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: LOCAL ECONOMIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear; Author-Supplied Keyword: perceptions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: surveys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hunter, Regina L.
AU  - Layton, David W.
AU  - Anspaugh, Lynn R.
T1  - Opportunities and Impediments for Risk-Based Standards: Some Views from a Workshop.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 863
EP  - 868
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Techniques for performing scientific risk assessments for a wide variety of chemical and radiological hazards present in the environment and workplace are available. Speakers at a workshop sponsored by the Environmental and Public/Occupational Health Standard's Steering Group addressed both the state-of-the-art in risk assessment and areas of difficulty that require further research. The Steering Group concluded that within the limits of the available data, risk-assessment techniques are a useful tool in decision-making. In the past, many government agencies have not been effective either in listening to public concerns or in communicating technical or scientific information about risks. This has been true at all levels of government. Workshop speakers discussed some ways that government agencies can more effectively communicate with the public. The Steering Group concluded that major efforts must be made to ensure that two-way communication takes place. Thus the results of the workshop show that effective management of risk requires both a scientific assessment of risk and a responsive consideration of the public's perception of risk. Intensive efforts must be made to ensure that effective two-way communication takes place between members of the public and the appropriate government agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment
KW  - HAZARDS
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL remediation
KW  - cleanup
KW  - Communication need, two-way
KW  - Department of Energy
KW  - Pollution remediation
KW  - risk
KW  - Risk assessment and management
KW  - Risk-based standards
KW  - Standard, risk-based
KW  - US Department of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 8114611; Hunter, Regina L. 1; Layton, David W. 2; Anspaugh, Lynn R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p863; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment; Subject Term: HAZARDS; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: cleanup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Communication need, two-way; Author-Supplied Keyword: Department of Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollution remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment and management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk-based standards; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standard, risk-based; Author-Supplied Keyword: US Department of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Oncogene and Transgenics Correlates of Cancer Risk Assessments (NATO ASI Series, Series A: Life Sciences Vol. 232).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 869
EP  - 869
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Oncogene and Transgenics Correlates of Cancer Risk Assessments," edited by Constantine Zervos.
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ZERVOS, Constantine
KW  - ONCOGENE & Transgenics Correlates of Cancer Risk Assessments (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17479996; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p869; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ONCOGENE & Transgenics Correlates of Cancer Risk Assessments (Book); People: ZERVOS, Constantine; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - SPSS/PC+ Made Simple.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 869
EP  - 869
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "SPSS/PC+ Made Simple," by Paul R. Kinnear and Colin D. Gray.
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KINNEAR, Paul R.
KW  - GRAY, Colin D.
KW  - SPSS/PC+ Made Simple (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480000; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p869; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: SPSS/PC+ Made Simple (Book); People: KINNEAR, Paul R.; People: GRAY, Colin D.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Risk: Analysis, Perception and Management (Report of a Royal Society Study Group).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 870
EP  - 870
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Risk: Analysis, Perception and Management."
KW  - RISK
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - RISK: Analysis, Perception & Management (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480006; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p870; Thesaurus Term: RISK; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: RISK: Analysis, Perception & Management (Book); Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Floodplain Management in the United States: An Assessment Report (2 vol.).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 870
EP  - 870
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Floodplain Management in the United States: An Assessment Report," 2 volumes.
KW  - FLOODPLAIN management
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - FLOODPLAIN Management in the United States: An Assessment Report (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480010; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p870; Subject Term: FLOODPLAIN management; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: FLOODPLAIN Management in the United States: An Assessment Report (Book); Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Paradoxes of Belief and Strategic Rationality (Cambridge Studies in Probability, Induction, and Decision Theory).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 870
EP  - 870
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Paradoxes of Belief and Strategic Rationality," by Robert C. Koons.
KW  - DECISION theory
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KOONS, Robert C.
KW  - PARADOXES of Belief & Strategic Rationality (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480012; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p870; Thesaurus Term: DECISION theory; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PARADOXES of Belief & Strategic Rationality (Book); People: KOONS, Robert C.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - The Chemistry of Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Composition and Measurement.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 870
EP  - 871
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "The Chemistry of Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Composition and Measurement," by M. R. Guerin, R. A. Jenkins and B. A. Tomkins.
KW  - TOBACCO smoke pollution
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GUERIN, M. R.
KW  - JENKINS, R. A.
KW  - TOMKINS, B. A.
KW  - CHEMISTRY of Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Composition & Measurement, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480018; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p870; Subject Term: TOBACCO smoke pollution; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: CHEMISTRY of Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Composition & Measurement, The (Book); People: GUERIN, M. R.; People: JENKINS, R. A.; People: TOMKINS, B. A.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Risk-Taking Behavior (Wiley Series in Human Performance and Cognition).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 871
EP  - 871
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Risk-Taking Behavior: Wiley Series in Human Performance and Cognition," edited by J. Frank Yates.
KW  - RISK-taking (Psychology)
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - YATES, J. Frank
KW  - RISK-Taking Behavior: Wiley Series in Human Performance & Cognition (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480022; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p871; Thesaurus Term: RISK-taking (Psychology); Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: RISK-Taking Behavior: Wiley Series in Human Performance & Cognition (Book); People: YATES, J. Frank; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 871
EP  - 871
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis," by Elisa T. Lee.
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - LEE, Elisa T.
KW  - STATISTICAL Methods for Survival Data Analysis (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480029; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p871; Thesaurus Term: DATA analysis; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: STATISTICAL Methods for Survival Data Analysis (Book); People: LEE, Elisa T.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, Paul D.
T1  - SmartRISK 1.0: Risk Assessment Software for Windows.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
EP  - 873
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the SmartRISK 1.0: Risk Assessment Software for Windows.
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
KW  - RISK
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - SOFTWARE
N1  - Accession Number: 17480046; Moskowitz, Paul D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Software Editor, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p873; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); Thesaurus Term: RISK; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: SOFTWARE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, Paul D.
T1  - RAMASIgis: Linking Landscape Data with Population Viability Analysis.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
EP  - 874
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the software RAMAS/GIS: Linking Landscape Data With Population Viability Analysis.
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - GEOGRAPHIC information systems
KW  - POPULATION viability analysis
KW  - LANDSCAPES
N1  - Accession Number: 17480055; Moskowitz, Paul D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Software Editor, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p873; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: GEOGRAPHIC information systems; Subject Term: POPULATION viability analysis; Subject Term: LANDSCAPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, Paul D.
T1  - CAST.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 874
EP  - 874
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the software Cluster Analysis in Space and Time, which is designed for public health analysts and epidemiologists who need to respond to alleged clusters of disease.
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - EPIDEMIOLOGY
KW  - DISEASES
N1  - Accession Number: 17480058; Moskowitz, Paul D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Software Editor, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p874; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: CLUSTER analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: EPIDEMIOLOGY; Subject Term: DISEASES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teller, Edward
T1  - Who's Afraid of Science? And why?
JO  - National Review
JF  - National Review
J1  - National Review
PY  - 1994/10/10/
Y1  - 1994/10/10/
VL  - 46
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
EP  - 72
PB  - National Review Inc.
SN  - 00280038
AB  - This article presents information on the myths related to science and the works of some scientists in the U.S. The author recalls the experience of working closely with two of the greatest American women scientists. Maria Goeppert Mayer and Dixy Lee Ray. Maria Groeppert was among the best students in the period of German science. The author got to know her when she returned to working in physics in Baltimore after her children started school. During the war years, she and her students helped to develop some of the theories that were eventually used in building the hydrogen bomb. Dixy Lee Ray was an outstanding marine biologist, a remarkable administrator as head of the Atomic Energy Commission, a successful politician as governor of Washington State, and author of the important books 'Trashing the Planet" and "Environmental Overkill."
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - MAYER, Maria Goeppert, 1906-1972
KW  - RAY, Dixy Lee
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - EDUCATION
KW  - BOOKS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 9410287580; Source Information: 10/10/1994, Vol. 46 Issue 19, p72; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Subject Term: MAYER, Maria Goeppert, 1906-1972; Subject Term: RAY, Dixy Lee; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: EDUCATION; Subject Term: BOOKS; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 3/4p; ; Document Type: Article; ; Full Text Word Count: 873; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGovern, Patrick E.
AU  - Bourriau, Janine
AU  - Harbottle, Garman
AU  - Allen, Susan J.
T1  - The Archaeological Origin and Significance of the Dolphin Vase as Determined by Neutron Activation Analysis.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
JF  - Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
Y1  - 1994/11//
IS  - 296
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 43
SN  - 0003097X
AB  - The Dolphin Vase which was excavated from a Middle Kingdom Egyptian tomb at the capital city of Lisht, is so named because of its naturalistic depiction of dolphins. This pottery jug, dated ca. 1750-1700 B.C., epitomizes the network of international relations of a prosperous period: found in Egypt, the dolphins appear to be Minoan in style and yet the vessel shape and manufacture are of Levantine inspiration. Statistical evaluation of the chemical composition of its pottery ware by neutron activation analysis (NAA) makes it virtually certain that the Dolphin Vase originated in the Gaza region of southern Palestine. Trade relations between the latter region and Egypt, with consequent stylistic and technological exchange, intensified under the so-called "Hyksos," a Semitic dynasty that controlled the eastern Nile Delta between ca. 1700 and 1550 B.C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research is the property of American Schools of Oriental Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Vases
KW  - Archaeology
KW  - Nuclear activation analysis
KW  - Lisht Site (Egypt)
KW  - Egypt
N1  - Accession Number: 33122312; McGovern, Patrick E. 1,2; Bourriau, Janine 3; Harbottle, Garman 4; Allen, Susan J. 4; Affiliations: 1 : Museum Applied Science Center for Archaeology (MASCA) The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology 33rd and Spruce Sts.; 2 : University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; 3 : McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 62 Sydney St., Cambridge CB2 1JW, United Kingdom; 4 : Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Nov94, Issue 296, p31; Thesaurus Term: Vases; Thesaurus Term: Archaeology; Subject Term: Nuclear activation analysis; Subject Term: Lisht Site (Egypt); Subject: Egypt; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kropp, Joachim
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Weyenberg, Andreas
AU  - McPherson, Dan
AU  - Ambrose, Kathleen
AU  - Callahan, Alvin
AU  - Bergmann, Klaus
AU  - Biersack, Hans-Jürgen
T1  - Evaluation of pancreatic lipase activity by simple urine analysis after oral administration of a new iodine-131-labeled triglyceride.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1227
EP  - 1230
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146319; Kropp, Joachim 1; Knapp, F. 2; Weyenberg, Andreas 3; McPherson, Dan 2; Ambrose, Kathleen 2; Callahan, Alvin 2; Bergmann, Klaus 4; Biersack, Hans-Jürgen 3; Source Information: Nov1994, Vol. 21 Issue 11, p1227; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00182358
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, David E.
AU  - Nieves, Leslie A.
AD  - Marquette U and Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
T1  - An Interregional Hedonic Analysis of Noxious Facility Impacts on Local Wages and Property Values
JO  - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
Y1  - 1994/11//
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
SP  - 235
EP  - 253
SN  - 00950696
N1  - Accession Number: 0349576; Keywords: Hedonic; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199505
KW  - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics: Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population; Neighborhood Characteristics          R23
KW  - Housing Supply and Markets          R31
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00950696
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00950696
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillsman, Edward L.
AU  - Alvic, Donald R.
AU  - Bennett, John B.
T1  - The Bureau of Mines Electric Utility Model.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1994/11//Nov/Dec94
VL  - 42
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 998
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - Discussion of alternative proposals to control emission precursors of acid precipitation focused on their effects on the electric power and coal industries. The Bureau of Mines was concerned about possible indirect effects on electricity-intensive mineral processing facilities, and sponsored research to help it estimate these effects. The research developed a modeling system to estimate compliance strategies and associated changes in electricity costs under different legislation, and dissemination of these results helped inform and broaden discussion of alternative proposals. Early recognition that design of the modeling system would have to allow for flexibility and change enabled development of a system that the Bureau of Mines can use to analyze a broad range of issues involving the electric utility industry, and that utilities or states can use for developing and screening plans to comply with the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL law
KW  - MINERAL industries
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - COAL
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Bureau of Mines
N1  - Accession Number: 9502015445; Hillsman, Edward L. 1; Alvic, Donald R. 2; Bennett, John B. 3; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; 2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.; 3: U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C.; Issue Info: Nov/Dec94, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p998; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL law; Thesaurus Term: MINERAL industries; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Thesaurus Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: COAL; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Bureau of Mines; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221118 Other Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McPherson, D.
AU  - Lambert, C.
AU  - Knapp, F.
T1  - In vivo metabolic studies of the trans-(R,R) isomer of radioiodinated IQNP: A new ligand with high affinity for the M muscarinic-cholinergic receptor.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1293
EP  - 1297
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146454; McPherson, D. 1; Lambert, C. 1; Knapp, F. 1; Source Information: Dec1994, Vol. 21 Issue 12, p1293; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF02426692
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=71146454&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmoyer, Richard L.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Permutation Tests for Correlation in Regression Errors
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1994/12//
VL  - 89
IS  - 428
SP  - 1507
EP  - 1516
SN  - 01621459
N1  - Accession Number: 0349364; Keywords: Regression; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199505
KW  - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes          C22
L3  - http://amstat.tandfonline.com/loi/uasa20
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0349364&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://amstat.tandfonline.com/loi/uasa20
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Development Policies, Rural Land Use, and Tropical Deforestation
JO  - Regional Science and Urban Economics
JF  - Regional Science and Urban Economics
Y1  - 1994/12//
VL  - 24
IS  - 6
SP  - 753
EP  - 771
SN  - 01660462
N1  - Accession Number: 0354775; Keywords: Deforestation;  Forest;  Land Use;  Urban; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199508
N2  - A two-sector economy has a central city linked to a Thunen-like rural sector by a Harris-Todaro labor-market clearing mechanism. The government collects a tax to pay for urban manufacturing infrastructure and rural transportation infrastructure. Additions to the urban infrastructure reduce the area under cultivation, reducing pressure on frontier forests; rural wages rise and urban unemployment falls; the endogenous tax rate rises. Transportation improvements move urban unemployed into agriculture, raise rural wages, and expand the cultivated area, causing deforestation along frontiers; the tax rate falls, benefiting fixed-wage urban workers. Coalitions of interest groups are identified for several types of development policy.
KW  - Land Use Patterns          R14
KW  - Regional Development Planning and Policy          R58
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Forestry          Q23
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01660462
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01660462
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacKinnon, R. J.
AU  - Sullivan, T. M.
T1  - A Review of GWSCREEN Version 2.0, with an Emphasis on Physical and Chemical Processes Important to Ground Water Pathway Assessments.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1109
EP  - 1121
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the risk assessment computer software GWSCREEN, version 2.0 from EG&G Inc.
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - EG & G Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 17481093; MacKinnon, R. J. 1; Sullivan, T. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973; Issue Info: Dec94, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1109; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER ; Company/Entity: EG & G Inc. DUNS Number: 030192541; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AU  - Hadley, Stan
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Effects of Electric Utility Demand-Side Management Programs on Electricity Prices
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 1995///
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0377189; Keywords: Electricity;  Energy Efficiency;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199604
N2  - As competition in the U.S. electricity industry grows, utilities (and others) worry more about the increases in electricity prices that demand-side management (DSM) programs often cause. Therefore, several utilities have reduced the scope of their DSM programs or focused these programs more on customer service and less on improving energy efficiency. This study uses the Oak Ridge Financial Model (ORFIN) to calculate the rate impacts of DSM. These simulations suggest that DSM programs, although they reduce electric bills, often increase electricity prices. However, utilities can run DSM programs that cut prices. Reducing DSM-program costs, focusing programs on those areas where large transmission and distribution investments can be deferred, timing DSM programs to match avoided costs, and shifting more of the utility's fixed costs to the monthly customer charge will cut DSM-induced price increases.
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
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UR  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrill, W. Andrew
T1  - Nuclear Nonproliferation: A Primer (Book).
JO  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
JF  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
Y1  - 1995/01//Jan-Mar95
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 76
EP  - 77
SN  - 1057610X
AB  - Reviews the book "Nuclear Nonproliferation: A Primer," by Gary Gardner.
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GARDNER, Gary
KW  - NUCLEAR Nonproliferation: A Primer (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9508223590; Terrill, W. Andrew 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94551.;  Source Info: Jan-Mar95, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p76; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Development Policies, Urban Unemployment and Deforestation: The Role of Infrastructure and Tax Policy in a Two-Sector Model
JO  - Journal of Regional Science
JF  - Journal of Regional Science
Y1  - 1995/02//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
SP  - 135
EP  - 153
SN  - 00224146
N1  - Accession Number: 0354612; Keywords: Deforestation;  Developing Country;  Development;  Reforestation; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199508
N2  - We model an economy of a developing country that produces an exportable manufactured good in an urban sector and a nontradable rural good. Manufacturing faces a fixed wage, which encourages urban unemployment. Changes in cultivated area in the rural sector involve deforestation or reforestation at frontiers. Government taxes to pay for urban infrastructure that assists the manufacturing sector. Increases in urban infrastructure may relieve or exacerbate frontier deforestation but expands manufacturing employment and reduces urban unemployment. Rural transportation improvements exacerbate frontier deforestation but expand employment in the urban manufacturing sector. A larger population, ceteris paribus, widens the rural-urban wage gap and exacerbates deforestation, but may cause manufacturing employment to expand or contract.
KW  - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development          O11
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Forestry          Q23
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291467-9787/issues
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291467-9787/issues
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Kropp, J.
T1  - Iodine-123-labelled fatty acids for myocardial single-photon emission tomography: current status and future perspectives.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1995/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 381
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154540; Knapp, F. 1; Kropp, J. 2; Source Information: Apr1995, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p361; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00941855
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=71154540&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - G. Moridis
AU  - K. Pruess.
AU  - Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA
T1  - Flow and transport simulations using T2CG1, a package of conjugate gradient solvers for the TOUGH2 family of codes
JO  - Flow and transport simulations using T2CG1, a package of conjugate gradient solvers for the TOUGH2 family of codes
JF  - Flow and transport simulations using T2CG1, a package of conjugate gradient solvers for the TOUGH2 family of codes
Y1  - 1995/04//
M3  - Report
AB  - This report discusses the details of modifications made to the TOUGH2 family of codes to complement its direct solver which significantly increases the size of problems solved by the TOUGH2 code. With this modification, the TOUGH2 system is being tested in multiphase, multicomponent fluid and heat flow problems related to vadose zone hydrology, nuclear waste disposal, and environmental remediation (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - High-level radioactive wastes
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - T codes
KW  - Compiled data
KW  - Edb/052002
KW  - Edb/540250
KW  - Edb/580000
KW  - Geology
KW  - Modifications
KW  - Site characterization
KW  - Tables
KW  - Underground disposal
KW  - Yucca mountain
KW  - Nuclear science & technology - radioactive wastes & radioactivity
KW  - Natural resources & earth sciences - hydrology & limnology
N1  - Accession Number: MRB-FSD0395637; G. Moridis; K. Pruess.; Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA; Source Info: Apr 95, 118p    ; Note: Sponsored by Department of Energy, Washington, DC; Note: Contract Number: AC03-76SF00098; Report No.: LBL-36235; Source Agency: Department of Energy [DE]; Note: Availability: This product may be ordered from NTIS by Phone at (703) 487-4650; by Fax at (703) 321-8547; or by E-Mail at: orders@ntis.fedworld.gov. NTIS is located at: 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, USA..; Number of Pages: 118p; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - flh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suter II, Glenn W.
AU  - Cornaby, Barney W.
AU  - Hadden, Charles T.
AU  - Hull, Ruth N.
AU  - Stack, Mark
AU  - Zafran, Fred A.
T1  - An Approach for Balancing Health and Ecological Risks at Hazardous Waste Sites.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 231
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Human health and ecological risks must be balanced at hazardous waste sites in order to ensure that remedial actions prevent unacceptable risks of either type. Actions that are designed to protect humans may fail to protect nonhuman populations and ecosystems or may damage ecosystems. However, there is no common scale of health and ecological risk that would allow comparisons to be performed. This paper presents an approach to addressing this problem based on classifying all risks (i.e., health and ecological risks due contaminants and remediation) as insignificant (de minimis), highly significant (de manifestis), or intermediate. For health risks the classification is based on standard criteria. However, in the absence of national guidance concerning the acceptability of ecological risks, new ecological criteria are proposed based on an analysis of regulatory precedents. Matrices and flow charts are presented to guide the use of these risk categories in remedial decision making. The assessment of mercury contamination of the East Fork Poplar Creek is presented as an example of the implementation of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HAZARDOUS wastes
KW  - HAZARDOUS waste sites
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - balancing
KW  - de manifestis
KW  - De minimis
KW  - ecological risk
KW  - hazardous waste
KW  - human health risk
N1  - Accession Number: 11949304; Suter II, Glenn W. 1; Cornaby, Barney W. 2; Hadden, Charles T. 2; Hull, Ruth N. 1; Stack, Mark 3; Zafran, Fred A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; 2: Science Applications International Corporation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee and McLean, Virginia.; 3: Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Apr95, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p221; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS wastes; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS waste sites; Thesaurus Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Author-Supplied Keyword: balancing; Author-Supplied Keyword: de manifestis; Author-Supplied Keyword: De minimis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: hazardous waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: human health risk; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107413599
T1  - Outcomes of a worksite cholesterol education program over a 5-year period.
AU  - Perovich SJ
AU  - Sandoval WM
Y1  - 1995/05//
N1  - Accession Number: 107413599. Language: English. Entry Date: 19950801. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 7503061. 
KW  - Cholesterol
KW  - Health Education
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Analysis of Variance
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Lipoproteins, HDL -- Analysis
KW  - Descriptive Statistics
KW  - Occupational Health Services
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Prevention and Control
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Human
SP  - 589
EP  - 590
JO  - Journal of the American Dietetic Association
JF  - Journal of the American Dietetic Association
JA  - J AM DIET ASSOC
VL  - 95
IS  - 5
CY  - New York, New York
PB  - Elsevier Science
SN  - 0002-8223
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories, Organization 3335, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1015
U2  - PMID: 7722197.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Thomas C.
AU  - Peterson, George L.
AU  - Tonn, Bruce E.
T1  - The values jury to aid natural resource decisions.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1995/05//
VL  - 71
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 250
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - Congressional legislation emphasizes that public resource allocation should reflect the values citizens assign to those resources. Yet, information about assigned values and preferences of members of the public, including economic measures of value, required by decision makers is often incomplete or unavailable. Existing sources of information about the public's values, for use in resource allocation decisions and damage assessment, include existing markets, public surveys, and public involvement. Each of these sources has serious limitations. Although markets are valuable sources of economic values for goods traded in those markets or for nonmarket goods whose use relies on consumption of goods traded in established markets, the values of some public goods are not available from market information. The benefits of some public goods are external to market transactions and financial accounts, though they often concern legally defined, but unprotectable rights.
KW  - RESOURCE allocation
KW  - PUBLIC goods
KW  - BUSINESS enterprises -- Valuation
KW  - LEGISLATION
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - CONSUMPTION (Economics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9505094121; Brown, Thomas C. 1; Peterson, George L. 1; Tonn, Bruce E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.; Issue Info: May95, Vol. 71 Issue 2, p250; Thesaurus Term: RESOURCE allocation; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC goods; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS enterprises -- Valuation; Thesaurus Term: LEGISLATION; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMPTION (Economics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Shyh-Jen
AU  - Lin, Wan-Yu
AU  - Hsieh, Bor-Tsung
AU  - Shen, Lie-Hang
AU  - Tsai, Zei-Tsan
AU  - Tinge, Gann
AU  - Knapp, Furn
T1  - Rhenium-188 sulphur colloid as a radiation synovectomy agent.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1995/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 505
EP  - 507
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146715; Wang, Shyh-Jen; Lin, Wan-Yu 1; Hsieh, Bor-Tsung 2; Shen, Lie-Hang 2; Tsai, Zei-Tsan 2; Tinge, Gann 2; Knapp, Furn 3; Source Information: Jun1995, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p505; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00817272
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=71146715&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - Ironing out what controls primary production in the nutrient rich waters of the open ocean.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1995/06//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 163
SN  - 13541013
AB  - This article discusses the phenomenon of the high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) found in subtropical and tropical oceans, where solar radiation is perennially abundant, the concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphate and fixed inorganic nitrogen are vanishingly low. The HNLC phenomenon, first noted by physical and chemical oceanographers is anomalous and its cause has puzzled oceanographers for decades. Two basis hypotheses have been advanced to account for HNLC conditions. The top down hypothesis proposes that the biomass of the phytoplankton is regulated by zooplankton grazing, such that the photoautotrophs never escape from the grazing pressure imposed by the herbivores to form blooms that would lead to nutrient depletion. The alternative hypothesis is the bottom up control, in which phytoplankton growth and/or biomass is limited by the availability of some resource, such as light, or an essential nutrient other than phosphate and fixed inorganic nitrogen. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the late John Martin suggested that soluble iron was limiting phytoplankton biomass in all three HNLC regions. The iron limitation hypothesis embodied the essence of bottom up control of phytoplankton biomass and was met with great deal of skepticism by biological oceanographers. In October 1993, an 8 by 8 kilometer patch of HNLC water west of the Galapagos Islands was enriched with a 0.5 m solution of Iron (II). The results of the experiment demonstrated conclusively that the quantum yield of photosynthesis was physiologically limited by iron. In May-June 1995 a second iron enrichment study was conducted. In the second experiment, the results were dramatic and unambiguous. A major phytoplankton bloom developed in the patch.  This pair of iron enrichment studies have made historical precedents in the field of oceanography and helped solved the phenomenon.
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Phosphates
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Iron
KW  - Oceanography
N1  - Accession Number: 17771125; Falkowski, Paul G. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA;  Source Info: Jun1995, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p161; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Phosphates; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Ocean; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, Kenneth T.
T1  - Methods to Approximate Joint Uncertainty and Variability in Risk.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 419
SN  - 02724332
AB  - As interest in quantitative analysis of joint uncertainty and interindividual variability (JUV) in risk grows, so does the need for related computational shortcuts. To quantify JUV in risk, Monte Carlo methods typically require nested sampling of JUV in distributed inputs, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Two approximation methods proposed here allow simpler and more rapid analysis. The first consists of new upper-bound JUV estimators that involve only uncertainty or variability, not both, and so never require nested sampling to calculate. The second is a discrete-probability-calculus procedure that uses only the mean and one upper-tail mean for each input in order to estimate mean and upper-bound risk, which procedure is simpler and more intuitive than similar ones in use. Application of these methods is illustrated in an assessment of cancer risk from residential exposures to chloroform in Kanawah Valley, West Virginia. Because each of the multiple exposure pathways considered in this assessment had separate modeled sources of uncertainty and variability, the assessment illustrates a realistic case where a standard Monte Carlo approach to JUV analysis requires nested sampling. In the illustration, the first proposed method quantified JUV in cancer risk much more efficiently than corresponding nested Monte Carlo calculations. The second proposed method also nearly duplicated JUV-related and other estimates of risk obtained using Monte Carlo methods. Both methods were thus found adequate to obtain basic risk estimates accounting for JUV in a realistically complex risk assessment. These methods make routine JUV analysis more convenient and practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - RISK management in business
KW  - DUE diligence
KW  - CHLOROFORM
KW  - CANCER
KW  - WEST Virginia
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - cancer
KW  - Chloroform
KW  - discrete
KW  - kanawah valley
KW  - Monte Carlo.
KW  - probability
N1  - Accession Number: 11762711; Bogen, Kenneth T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Health and Ecological Assessment Division  (L-453), Lawrence  Livermore, National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550-9900.; Issue Info: Jun95, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p411; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: RISK management in business; Thesaurus Term: DUE diligence; Subject Term: CHLOROFORM; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject: WEST Virginia; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloroform; Author-Supplied Keyword: discrete; Author-Supplied Keyword: kanawah valley; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo.; Author-Supplied Keyword: probability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suter, Glenn W., II
AD  - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Adapting Ecological Risk Assessment for Ecosystem Valuation
JO  - Ecological Economics
JF  - Ecological Economics
Y1  - 1995/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
SP  - 137
EP  - 141
SN  - 09218009
N1  - Accession Number: 0371928; Keywords: Ecological;  Ecosystem; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199512
N2  - The quality of ecosystem valuations is only as good as the estimates of the changes in ecosystem condition generated by the ecological assessment. In general, predictive ecological assessments have produced vague qualitative results or have not addressed sufficient spatial or temporal scales to allow economists to assign monetary values to the predicted effects. The development of ecological risk assessment promises to address that problem. In the interim, ecologists and economists should avoid the problem of not being able to precisely predict ecological effects by using retrospective assessments to develop the interface between their sciences. By attempting to assign monetary values to the measurable changes in the condition of ecosystems that have been exposed to contamination or disturbance, they can focus on the conceptual issues of assigning an economic metric to properties for which there is no market, but which clearly have value.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
KW  - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources          Q26
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218009
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218009
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amthor, Jeffrey S.
T1  - Terrestrial higher-plant response to increasing atmospheric [CO2] in relation to the global carbon cycle.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1995/08//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 274
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Terrestrial higher plants exchange large amounts of CO2 with the atmosphere each year; c. 15% of the atmospheric pool of C is assimilated in terrestrial-plant photosynthesis each year, with an about equal amount returned to the atmosphere as CO2 in plant respiration and the decomposition of soil organic matter and plant litter. Any global change in plant C metabolism can potentially affect atmospheric CO2 content during the course of years to decades. In particular, plant responses to the presently increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration might influence the rate of atmospheric CO2 increase through various biotic feedbacks. Climatic changes caused by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration may modulate plant and ecosystem responses to CO2 concentration. Climatic changes and increases in pollution associated with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration may be as significant to plant and ecosystem C balance as CO2 concentration itself. Moreover, human activities such as deforestation and livestock grazing can have impacts on the C balance and structure of individual terrestrial ecosystems that far outweigh effects of increasing COT concentration and climatic change. In short-term experiments, which in this case means on the order of 10 years or less, elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration affects terrestrial higher plants in several ways. Elevated CO2 can stimulate photosynthesis, but plants may acclimate and (or) adapt lo a change in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Acclimation and adaptation of photosynthesis lo increasing CO2 concentration is unlikely to be complete, however. Plant water-use efficiency is positively related to CO2 concentration, implying the potential for more plant growth per unit of precipitation or soil moisture with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Plant respiration may be inhibited by elevated CO2 concentration, and although a naive C balance perspective would count this as a benefit to a plant, because respiration is essential for plant growth and health, an inhibition of respiration can be detrimental. The net effect on terrestrial plants of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration is generally an increase in growth and C accumulation in phytomass. Published estimations, and speculations about, the magnitude of global terrestrial-plant growth responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration range from negligible to fantastic. Well-reasoned analyses point to moderate global plant responses to CO2 concentration. Transfer of C from plants to soils is likely to increase with elevated CO2 concentrations because of greater plant growth, but quantitative effects of those increased inputs to soils on soil C pool sizes are unknown. Whether increases in leaf-level photosynthesis and short-term plant growth stimulations caused by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration will have, by themselves, significant long-term (tens to hundreds of years) effects on ecosystem C storage and atmospheric CO2 concentration is a matter for speculation, not firm conclusion. Long-term field studies of plant responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 are needed. These will be expensive, difficult, and by definition, results will not be forthcoming for at least decades. Analyses of plants and ecosystems surrounding natural geological CO2 degassing vents may provide the best surrogates for long-term controlled experiments, and therefore the most relevant information pertaining to long-term terrestrial-plant responses to elevated CO2 concentration, but pollutants associated with the vents are a concern in some cases, and quantitative knowledge of the history of atmospheric CO2 concentrations near vents is limited. On the whole, terrestrial higher-plant responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration probably act as negative feedbacks on atmospheric CO2 concentration increases, but they cannot by themselves stop the fossil-fuel-oxidation-driven increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. And, in the very long-term, atmospheric CO2 concentration is controlled by atmosphere--ocean C equilibrium rather than by terrestrial plant and ecosystem responses to atmospheric CO2 concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global environmental change
KW  - Plant-atmosphere relationships
KW  - Geophysics
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - carbon dioxide (CO2)
KW  - global carbon cycle
KW  - global environmental change
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - plants
KW  - respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 17771418; Amthor, Jeffrey S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-256, PO Box 808, Livermore CA 94550 USA;  Source Info: Aug1995, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p243; Thesaurus Term: Global environmental change; Thesaurus Term: Plant-atmosphere relationships; Thesaurus Term: Geophysics; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide (CO2); Author-Supplied Keyword: global carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: global environmental change; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; Number of Pages: 32p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Farming in Rondonia
JO  - Resource and Energy Economics
JF  - Resource and Energy Economics
Y1  - 1995/08//
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
SP  - 155
EP  - 188
SN  - 09287655
N1  - Accession Number: 0371690 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Farming; Geographic Descriptors: Brazil; Geographic Region: Latin America and the Caribbean; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199512
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
KW  - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets          Q12
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09287655
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09287655
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loeb, Alan P.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Birth of the Kettering Doctrine: Fordism, Sloanism and the Discovery of Tetraethyl Lead
JO  - Business and Economic History
JF  - Business and Economic History
Y1  - 1995///Fall
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
SP  - 72
EP  - 87
SN  - 08496825
N1  - Accession Number: 0376834; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199604
KW  - Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction: U.S.; Canada: 1913-          N62
KW  - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D          O32
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AD  - U TN and Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Square Pegs and Round Holes: Can the Economic Paradigm Be Used to Value the Wilderness?
JO  - Growth and Change
JF  - Growth and Change
Y1  - 1995///Fall
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
SP  - 591
EP  - 610
SN  - 00174815
N1  - Accession Number: 0382167; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199606
KW  - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources          Q26
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291468-2257/issues
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jongen, Marjan
AU  - Jones, Mike B.
AU  - Hebeisen, Thomas
AU  - Blum, Herbert
AU  - Hendrey, George
T1  - The effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on the root growth of Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens grown in a FACE system.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 371
SN  - 13541013
AB  - <em>Lolium perenne</em> and <em>Trifolium repens</em> were grown in a Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) system at elevated (600) µmol mol-1) and ambient (340 µmol mol-1) carbon dioxide concentrations during a whole growing season. Using a root ingrowth bag technique the extent to which CO2 enrichment influenced the growth of <em>L. perenne</em> and <em>T. repens</em> roots under two contrasting nutrient regimes was examined. Root ingrowth bags were inserted for a fixed time into the soil in order to trap roots. It was also possible to follow the mortality of roots in bags inserted for different time intervals. Root ingrowth of both <em>L. perenne</em> and <em>T. repens</em> increased under elevated CO2 conditions. In <em>L. perenne</em>, root ingrowth decreased with increasing nutrient fertilizer level, but for <em>T. repens</em> the root ingrowth was not affected by the nutrient application rate. Besides biomass measurements, root length estimates were made for <em>T. repens</em>. These showed an increase under elevated CO2 concentrations. Root decomposition appeared to decrease under elevated CO2 concentrations. A possible explanation for this effect is the observed changes in tissue composition, such as the increase in the carbon:nitrogen ratio in roots of <em>L. perenne</em> at elevated CO2 concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Lolium perenne
KW  - White clover
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - <em>Trifolium repens</em>
KW  - elevated CO2
KW  - FACE
KW  - mesh bags
KW  - root ingrowth
N1  - Accession Number: 17764899; Jongen, Marjan 1; Email Address: MMJONGEN@MAIL.TCD.IE; Jones, Mike B. 1; Hebeisen, Thomas 2; Blum, Herbert 2; Hendrey, George 3; Affiliations: 1 : Botany Department, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin; 2 : Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), 8092-Zürich, Switzerland; 3 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 12975, USA;  Source Info: Oct1995, Vol. 1 Issue 5, p361; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Subject Term: Lolium perenne; Subject Term: White clover; Subject Term: Roots (Botany); Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Trifolium repens</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh bags; Author-Supplied Keyword: root ingrowth; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Community Risk Profiles (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 611
EP  - 611
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Community Risk Profiles," edited by Iddo K. Wernick.
KW  - COMMUNITIES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - WERNICK, Iddo K.
KW  - COMMUNITY Risk Profiles (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879478; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, MS-6480, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Oct95, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p611; Subject Term: COMMUNITIES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: COMMUNITY Risk Profiles (Book); People: WERNICK, Iddo K.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Causes of Death in the Workplace (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 611
EP  - 612
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Causes of Death in the Workplace," by J. Paul Leigh.
KW  - DEATH
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - LEIGH, J. Paul
KW  - CAUSES of Death in the Workplace (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879479; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, MS-6480, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Oct95, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p611; Subject Term: DEATH; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: CAUSES of Death in the Workplace (Book); People: LEIGH, J. Paul; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Introduction to Environmental Texicology; Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 612
EP  - 612
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Introduction to Environmental Toxicology; Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems," by Wayne C. Landis and Ming-Ho Yu.
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - LANDIS, Wayne C.
KW  - MING-Ho Yu
KW  - INTRODUCTION to Environmental Toxicology; Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879480; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, MS-6480, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Oct95, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p612; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: INTRODUCTION to Environmental Toxicology; Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems (Book); People: LANDIS, Wayne C.; People: MING-Ho Yu; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, M.D.
AU  - Brown, M.J.
AU  - Cruz, X.
AU  - Sosa, G.
AU  - Streit, G.
T1  - Development and testing of meteorology and air dispersion models for Mexico City.
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 1995/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 2929
EP  - 2960
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Los Alamos National Laboratory and Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo are completing a joint study of options for improving air quality in Mexico City. We have modified a three-dimensional, prognostic, higher-order turbulence model for atmospheric circulation (HOTMAC) and a Monte Carlo dispersion and transport model (RAPTAD) to treat domains that include an urbanized area. We used the meteorological model to drive models which describe the photochemistry and air transport and dispersion. The photochemistry modeling is described in a separate paper. We tested the model against routine measurements and those of a major field program. During the field program, measurements included: (1) lidar measurements of aerosol transport and dispersion, (2) aircraft measurements of winds, turbulence, and chemical species aloft, (3) aircraft measurements of skin temperatures, and (4) Tethersonde measurements of winds and ozone. We modified the meteorological model to include provisions for time-varying synoptic-scale winds, adjustments for local wind effects, and detailed surface-coverage descriptions. We developed a new method to define mixing-layer heights based on model outputs. The meteorology and dispersion models were able to provide reasonable representations of the measurements and to define the sources of some of the major uncertainties in the model-measurement comparisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - complex terrain
KW  - measurement-model comparison
KW  - Mexico City
KW  - Prognostic models
KW  - urban air quality
N1  - Accession Number: 119369972; Williams, M.D. 1; Brown, M.J. 1; Cruz, X. 2; Sosa, G. 2; Streit, G. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B299, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; 2 : Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Gerencia de Energéticos Alternos y Quimica Ambiental, Apdo. Postal 14-805, México, D.F. 07730, Mexico;  Source Info: Nov1995, Vol. 29 Issue 21, p2929; Author-Supplied Keyword: complex terrain; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurement-model comparison; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico City; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prognostic models; Author-Supplied Keyword: urban air quality; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00113-D
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sillman, Sanford
AU  - Al-Wali, Khalid I.
AU  - Marsik, Frank J.
AU  - Nowacki, Peter
AU  - Samson, Perry J.
AU  - Rodgers, Michael O.
AU  - Garland, Leslie J.
AU  - Martinez, Jose E.
AU  - Stoneking, Chris
AU  - Imhoff, Robert
AU  - Lee, Jai Hoon
AU  - Newman, Leonard
AU  - Weinstein-Lloyd, Judith
AU  - Aneja, Viney P.
T1  - Photochemistry of ozone formation in Atlanta, GA-Models and measurements.
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 1995/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3055
EP  - 3066
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Chemical measurements made during an air pollution event in Atlanta, GA have been compared with results from several photochemical simulations. Measurements included O 3 , primary reactive organic gases (ROG), aldehydes, PAN, total reactive nitrogen (NO y ) and H 2 O 2 , with vertical profiles for primary ROG. Photochemical models using two different chemical representations and a range of assumptions about winds, vertical mixing and emissions were used to simulate the event. Results show that assumptions about vertical mixing can cause a variation in simulated surface concentrations of primary hydrocarbons of a factor of two or more. A tendency to underestimate isoprene was found in comparison with measured vertical profiles. The models tend to overestimate concentrations of HCHO, H202 and PAN in comparison with measurements. Peak O 3 and concurrent NO y from helicopter measurements was used as a basis for evaluating individual model scenarios. Scenarios were developed with different O3 NOx- ROG sensitivity, but only the NO x - sensitive scenarios are consistent with measured O 3 , NO y and isoprene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - hydrocarbons
KW  - hydrogen
KW  - nitrogen oxides
KW  - Ozone
KW  - peroxide
KW  - photochemical smog
N1  - Accession Number: 119369981; Sillman, Sanford 1; Al-Wali, Khalid I. 1; Marsik, Frank J. 1; Nowacki, Peter 1; Samson, Perry J. 1; Rodgers, Michael O. 2; Garland, Leslie J. 2; Martinez, Jose E. 2; Stoneking, Chris 2; Imhoff, Robert 3; Lee, Jai Hoon 4; Newman, Leonard 4; Weinstein-Lloyd, Judith 5; Aneja, Viney P. 6; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143, U.S.A.; 2 : School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A.; 3 : Atmospheric Sciences, Tennessee Valley Authority, Muscle Shoals, AL 35630, U.S.A; 4 : Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.; 5 : Department of Chemistry, State University of New York/Old Westbury, Old Westbury, NY 11568, U.S.A.; 6 : Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8208, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Nov1995, Vol. 29 Issue 21, p3055; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: peroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: photochemical smog; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00217-M
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fernandez, Ruby Ann
AU  - Jensen, Richard J.
T1  - Reies Lopez Tijerina's "The Land Grant Question": Creating history through metaphors.
JO  - Howard Journal of Communications
JF  - Howard Journal of Communications
Y1  - 1995/11//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 145
PB  - Routledge
SN  - 10646175
AB  - Well versed in the history of Mexican, Spanish, and United States land grants, Chicano activist Reies Lopez Tijerina conducted a rhetorical campaign centered in New Mexico in the 1960s. This study analyzes Tijerina's speech, ‘The Land Grant Question,’ presented on November 26, 1967, at the University of Colorado, as an example of interethnic communication and for its use of metaphors in public discourse to create a cultural memory. This examination focuses on the speech's approach to historical relations between Chicano and Anglo culture, and its stylistic aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Howard Journal of Communications is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Speeches, addresses, etc.
KW  - Rhetoric
KW  - Communication
KW  - Ethnic relations
KW  - Race relations
KW  - Mexican Americans
KW  - Chicano
KW  - Chicano movement
KW  - cultural memory
KW  - interethnic communication
KW  - jeremiad
KW  - metaphor
KW  - public discourse
KW  - Tijerina, Reies, 1926-2015
N1  - Accession Number: 16280627; Fernandez, Ruby Ann 1; Jensen, Richard J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Business Operations Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; 2: Greenspun School of Communication, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; Issue Info: Nov1995, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p129; Thesaurus Term: Speeches, addresses, etc.; Thesaurus Term: Rhetoric; Thesaurus Term: Communication; Subject Term: Ethnic relations; Subject Term: Race relations; Subject Term: Mexican Americans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chicano; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chicano movement; Author-Supplied Keyword: cultural memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: interethnic communication; Author-Supplied Keyword: jeremiad; Author-Supplied Keyword: metaphor; Author-Supplied Keyword: public discourse; People: Tijerina, Reies, 1926-2015; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ufh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winebrake, James J.
AU  - Farrell, Alexander E.
AU  - Bernstein, Mark A.
AD  - US Dept of Energy
AD  - U PA
AD  - National Renewable Energy Laboratory
T1  - The Clean Air Act's Sulfur Dioxide Emissions Market: Estimating the Costs of Regulatory and Legislative Intervention
JO  - Resource and Energy Economics
JF  - Resource and Energy Economics
Y1  - 1995/11//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
SP  - 239
EP  - 260
SN  - 09287655
N1  - Accession Number: 0374428; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199603
N2  - This paper explores the economic impacts of regulatory and legislative intervention in the Clean Air Act Amendment's sulfur dioxide (SO [subscript 2]) allowance trading market. This intervention is of two types: (1) direct intervention through laws or regulatory orders that constrain compliance options of market participants, and (2) indirect intervention, reflected in utility decision making, and caused by a lack of regulatory policies that clarify the treatment of allowance market transactions. The paper uses a dynamic, linear programming model to empirically estimate the economic impacts of this intervention. An example of direct intervention is explored by modeling actual legislative and/or regulatory proposals in New York and Wisconsin; indirect intervention is explored through the development of a cost-uncertainty tradeoff curve. The results indicate that both types of intervention are costly and these costs must be weighed against any expected social benefits.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
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DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Martin, Nathan
AU  - Clark, Gerald
AU  - Selby, Mark
AU  - Dressler, Fritz
AU  - Ehrlich, Everett
AU  - Campbell, Andrew
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Economist
JF  - Economist
Y1  - 1995/11/04/
VL  - 337
IS  - 7939
M3  - Letter
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
SN  - 00130613
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including an article on energy in the October 7, 1995 issue, "Will Your Next Computer Be A Tin Can and A Wire," in the October 14, 1995 issue, "Productivity and the Hubble Constant," in the October 14, 1995 issue.
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - INDUSTRIAL productivity
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COMPUTER engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 19248652; Martin, Nathan 1; Clark, Gerald 2; Selby, Mark; Dressler, Fritz; Ehrlich, Everett 3; Campbell, Andrew 4; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Programme, Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2: Secretary General, The Uranium Institute, London; 3: Under Secretary, Economic Affairs, Department of Commerce, Washington, DC; 4: Director, Ashridge Strategic Management Centre, London; Issue Info: 11/4/1995, Vol. 337 Issue 7939, p8; Thesaurus Term: POWER resources; Thesaurus Term: PERSONAL computers; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL productivity; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COMPUTER engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1102
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henriksen, Anne De Piante
AU  - Grant, Donna E.
T1  - The cost effectiveness of field methods for determining volatile organic compounds.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering & Toxic & Hazardous Substance Control
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering & Toxic & Hazardous Substance Control
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 30
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2269
EP  - 2303
SN  - 10771204
AB  - This paper examines the cost and performance characteristics of six different field analytical instruments capable of accurately identifying and quantifying volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the parts‐per‐billion level. Five‐year life‐cycle costs for the six field instruments including purchase, modification, and operational costs, were compared to the costs of using a stationary commercial analytical laboratory to obtain identical VOC data. The present‐value life‐cycle cost of a single soil or water VOC analysis was calculated for the six field alternatives and for the commercial laboratory at both a fixed annual sample analysis rate and at maximum capacity. The total cost of a single field analysis event was found to be approximately 18% of the total cost of sending that sample to a commercial laboratory. Cost differences between alternatives were correlated to variations in performance capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering & Toxic & Hazardous Substance Control is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75576100; Henriksen, Anne De Piante 1; Grant, Donna E. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Technology Modeling and Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop F609, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; 2 : Energy and Environmental Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B299, Los Alamos, NM, 87545;  Source Info: Dec1995, Vol. 30 Issue 10, p2269; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934529509376337
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Ronald J.
AU  - Giberson, Michael
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Cost-of-Service Regulation: Lessons from the US Experience
JO  - Pacific and Asian Journal of Energy
JF  - Pacific and Asian Journal of Energy
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
SP  - 165
EP  - 174
SN  - 09703888
N1  - Accession Number: 0383831; Keywords: Energy;  Regulation; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199606
N2  - The paper reviews current issues in the US debate over energy regulation and draws lessons for the international audience. The numerous controversial issues and regulatory failures are inherent in the overall regulatory structure, which is based on cost-of-service. The paper argues that replacing cost-of-service regulation with competitive market processes would cause many of these issues to disappear. We conclude that policy-makers in countries with developing energy markets ought to allow market processes to guide development in potentially competitive markets and avoid reliance on cost-of-service.
KW  - Economics of Regulation          L51
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
KW  - Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy          L98
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Concepts of Inhalation Toxicology (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 745
EP  - 745
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Concepts of Inhalation Toxicology," edited by Roger O. McClellan and Rogene F. Henderson.
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MCCLELLAN, Roger O.
KW  - HENDERSON, Rogene F.
KW  - CONCEPTS of Inhalation Toxicology (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782705; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Dec95, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p745; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: CONCEPTS of Inhalation Toxicology (Book); People: MCCLELLAN, Roger O.; People: HENDERSON, Rogene F.; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Risk (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 745
EP  - 746
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Risk," by John Adams.
KW  - RISK management in business
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ADAMS, John, 1938-
KW  - RISK (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782706; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Dec95, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p745; Thesaurus Term: RISK management in business; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: RISK (Book); People: ADAMS, John, 1938-; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - The Common Sense for a First Course in Statistics (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 746
EP  - 746
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "The Common Sense for a First Course in Statistics," by T.P. Hutchinson.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HUTCHINSON, T. P.
KW  - COMMON Sense for a First Course in Statistics, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782707; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Dec95, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p746; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: COMMON Sense for a First Course in Statistics, The (Book); People: HUTCHINSON, T. P.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, Kathleen C.
T1  - Responding to the Threat of Biological Weapons.
JO  - Security Dialogue
JF  - Security Dialogue
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
EP  - 397
SN  - 09670106
AB  - The article discusses the author's opinion on how to address the threat of biological weapons. She stresses that arms control in the field of biological weapons is impossible to achieve. She emphasizes that the ideal way to respond to the danger that these weapons bring is to develop and use effective defenses that will render the weapon useless to a perpetrator. Since current technology does not allow these defenses, she asserts that the threat of these weapons should be met with nuclear deterrence.
KW  - BIOLOGICAL weapons
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
KW  - THREATS of violence
KW  - BREACH of the peace
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
N1  - Accession Number: 27548059; Bailey, Kathleen C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA;  Source Info: Dec95, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p383; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL weapons; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Subject Term: THREATS of violence; Subject Term: BREACH of the peace; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: ARMS race; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babiuch, William M.
T1  - Public Reaction to Nuclear Waste: Citizens' Views on Repository Siting (Book).
JO  - Social Forces
JF  - Social Forces
J1  - Social Forces
PY  - 1995/12//
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 740
EP  - 741
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00377732
AB  - Reviews the book `Public Reactions to Nuclear Waste: Citizens' Views on Repository Siting,' edited by Riley Dunlap, Michael E. Kraft and Eugene A. Rosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Social Forces is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PUBLIC Reactions to Nuclear Waste: Citizens Views of Repository Siting (Book)
KW  - DUNLAP, Riley
KW  - KRAFT, Michael E.
KW  - ROSA, Eugene A.
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - NONFICTION
N1  - Accession Number: 9602020693; Source Information: Dec95, Vol. 74 Issue 2, p740; Subject Term: PUBLIC Reactions to Nuclear Waste: Citizens Views of Repository Siting (Book); Subject Term: DUNLAP, Riley; Subject Term: KRAFT, Michael E.; Subject Term: ROSA, Eugene A.; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Document Type: Book Review; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KRAUSS, RONALD M.
AU  - CHAIT, ALAN
AU  - STONE, NEIL J.
AU  - ANDERSON, JAMES W.
AU  - JOHNSTONE, BRYAN M.
AU  - COOK-NEWELL, MARGARET E.
T1  - SOY PROTEIN AND SERUM LIPIDS.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine
Y1  - 1995/12/21/
VL  - 333
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 1715
EP  - 1716
SN  - 00284793
N1  - Accession Number: 88378136; KRAUSS, RONALD M. 1; CHAIT, ALAN 2; STONE, NEIL J. 3; ANDERSON, JAMES W. 4; JOHNSTONE, BRYAN M. 4; COOK-NEWELL, MARGARET E. 4; Source Information: 12/21/95, Vol. 333 Issue 25, p1715; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, Stephen J.
T1  - A path-following interior-point algorithm for linear and quadratic problems.
JO  - Annals of Operations Research
JF  - Annals of Operations Research
Y1  - 1996/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 130
SN  - 02545330
AB  - We describe an algorithm for the monotone linear complementarity problem (LCP) that converges from any positive, not necessarily feasible, starting point and exhibits polynomial complexity if some additional assumptions are made on the starting point. If the problem has a strictly complementarity solution, the method converges subquadratically. We show that the algorithm and its convergence properties extend readily to the mixed monotone linear complementarity problem and, hence, to all the usual formulations of the linear programming and convex quadratic programming problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Operations Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - DYNAMIC programming
KW  - QUADRATIC programming
KW  - g-subquadratic convergence
KW  - linear complementarity problems
KW  - Path-following interior-point methods
N1  - Accession Number: 19372715; Wright, Stephen J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: 1996, Vol. 62 Issue 1-4, p103; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: DYNAMIC programming; Subject Term: QUADRATIC programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: g-subquadratic convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear complementarity problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Path-following interior-point methods; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Sinton, Jonathan E.
AU  - Fridley, David G.
AU  - Dorian, James
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
AD  - Unlisted
A2  - U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee
T1  - China's Energy Future: The Role of Energy in Sustaining Growth
T2  - China's economic future: Challenges to U.S. policy: Study papers submitted to the Joint Economic Committee of the United States
PB  - Joint Committee Print 104-62
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 243
EP  - 269
N1  - Accession Number: 0729390; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: China; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200405
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities          L95
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Natural Resources; Energy; Environment          P28
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Other          P29
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Gates, W. L.
AD  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
A2  - Houghton, J. T.
T1  - Climate Models--Evaluation
T2  - Climate change 1995: The science of climate change
PB  - Cambridge; New York and Melbourne:
PB  - Cambridge University Press for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 229
EP  - 284
N1  - Accession Number: 0464777 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-521-56433-6; 0-521-56436-0; Keywords: Climate; Geographic Descriptors: Global; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199807
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection          C52
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Santer, B. D.
AD  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
A2  - Houghton, J. T.
T1  - Detection of Climate Change and Attribution of Causes
T2  - Climate change 1995: The science of climate change
PB  - Cambridge; New York and Melbourne:
PB  - Cambridge University Press for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 407
EP  - 443
N1  - Accession Number: 0464780 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-521-56433-6; 0-521-56436-0; Keywords: Climate; Geographic Descriptors: Global; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199807
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Flora, Cornelia Butler
AU  - Flora, Jan L.
AU  - Wade, Kim
AD  - IA State U
AD  - IA State U
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
A2  - Walzer, Norman
T1  - Measuring Success and Empowerment
T2  - Community strategic visioning programs
PB  - Westport, Conn. and London:
PB  - Greenwood, Praeger
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 57
EP  - 74
N1  - Accession Number: 0467695; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-275-95504-4; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199807
KW  - Regional Development Planning and Policy          R58
KW  - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes          R11
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Bespalko, Stephen J.
AU  - Ganter, John H.
AU  - Van Meter, Marsha D.
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
A2  - Branscomb, Lewis M.
A2  - Keller, James H.
T1  - Geospatial Data for ITS
T2  - Converging infrastructures: Intelligent transportation and the national information infrastructure
PB  - A Publication of the Harvard Information Infrastructure Project.
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 209
EP  - 226
N1  - Accession Number: 0463993; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-02407-1; 0-262-52215-2; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199807
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Fedorov, Valerii
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Ghosh, S.
A2  - Rao, C. R.
T1  - Design of Spatial Experiments: Model Fitting and Prediction
T2  - Design and analysis of experiments
PB  - Handbook of Statistics series, vol. 13.
PB  - Amsterdam; New York and Oxford:
PB  - Elsevier, North-Holland
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 515
EP  - 553
N1  - Accession Number: 0466421; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-444-82061-2; Keywords: Experiment;  Experiments; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199807
KW  - Design of Experiments: General          C90
KW  - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection          C52
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eto, Joseph
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - The Total Cost and Measured Performance of Utility-Sponsored Energy Efficiency Programs
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
SP  - 31
EP  - 51
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0382098 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Energy Efficiency;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199606
N2  - By examining the actual performance of conservation or demand-side management (DSM) programs for ten utilities, Joskow and Marron (1992) have made an important contribution to policy discussions about the wisdom of relying on utilities to improve customer energy efficiency. We use Joskow and Marron's method to analyze 20 utility commercial lighting programs and, like Joskow and Marron, find wide variations in industry reporting practices and savings evaluation methods. We extend the method by systematically accounting for several of the most important sources of variation and comment on how they influence total program costs. Our accounting also allows us to relate remaining program cost variations to the program sizes and the electric supply costs avoided by the programs. We draw qualified, yet affirmative, conclusions regarding the cost-effectiveness of the programs. Coauthors are Edward Vine, Leslie Shown, Richard Sonnenblick, and Chris Payne.
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0382098&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birge, John R.
AU  - Rosa, Charles H.
AD  - U MI
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Incorporating Investment Uncertainty into Greenhouse Policy Models
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
SP  - 79
EP  - 90
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0382100; Keywords: Atmospheric;  Global Warming;  Investment Policy;  Investment;  Warming; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199606
N2  - Greenhouse gas policy decisions require comprehensive understanding of atmospheric, economic, and social impacts. Many studies have considered the effects of atmospheric uncertainty in global warming but economic uncertainties have received less analysis. We consider a key component of economic uncertainty: the return on investments in new technologies. Using a mathematical programming model, we show that ignoring uncertainty in technology investment policy may lead to decreases as great as two percent in overall expected economic activity in the U.S. with even higher losses in possible future scenarios. These results indicate that both federal and private technology investment policies should be based on models explicitly incorporating uncertainty.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies; Capacity          G31
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0382100&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baxter, Lester
AU  - Hadley, Stanton
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Assessing Transition-Cost Strategies: A Case Study
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
SP  - 27
EP  - 43
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0427409; Keywords: Electricity;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199710
N2  - Restructuring the US electricity industry has become the nation's central energy issue for the 1990s. Restructuring proposals focus on more competitive market structures for generation and the integration of transmission within those structures. The proposed move to more competitive generation markets will expose utility costs that are above those experienced by alternative suppliers. Debate about these above-market, or transition, costs (e.g., their size, who will pay for them and how) has played a prominent role in restructuring proceedings. This paper presents results from a project to assess systematically strategies to address transition costs that will be exposed by restructuring the electricity industry.
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy          L98
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0427409&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Russell
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - The External Costs of Electricity Generation: An 'Insider's' Perspective on the Lessons from the US Experience
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 1996///
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
SP  - 177
EP  - 186
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0444008; Keywords: Electricity; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199804
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0444008&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Shyh-Jen
AU  - Lin, Wan-Yu
AU  - Chen, Min-Nan
AU  - Hsieh, Bor-Tsung
AU  - Shen, Lie-Hang
AU  - Tsai, Zei-Tsan
AU  - Ting, Gann
AU  - Knapp, Furn
T1  - Biodistribution of rhenium-188 Lipiodol infused via the hepatic artery of rats with hepatic tumours.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1996/01//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 17
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154689; Wang, Shyh-Jen; Lin, Wan-Yu 1; Chen, Min-Nan 2; Hsieh, Bor-Tsung 2; Shen, Lie-Hang 2; Tsai, Zei-Tsan 2; Ting, Gann 2; Knapp, Furn 3; Source Information: Jan1996, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p13; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01736984
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=71154689&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - Battelle Seattle Research Center, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
T1  - Fitness for duty in the nuclear industry: update of the technical issues 1996
JO  - Fitness for duty in the nuclear industry: update of the technical issues 1996
JF  - Fitness for duty in the nuclear industry: update of the technical issues 1996
Y1  - 1996///
M3  - Book
KW  - Workplace drug testing
N1  - Accession Number: MRB-FSD0025973; Battelle Seattle Research Center, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Washington, DC: US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, xx, 175 p.; 1996    ; Note: Publisher Information: US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC.; Number of Pages: xx, 175p; Document Type: Book
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=flh&AN=MRB-FSD0025973&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - flh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107380673
T1  - Botany I: plants that remove contaminants from the environment.
AU  - Negri MC
AU  - Hinchman RR
Y1  - 1996/01//1996 Jan
N1  - Accession Number: 107380673. Language: English. Entry Date: 19960901. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article; CEU; glossary; pictorial. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Supported by the Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, under Contract W-31-109-Eng-38. NLM UID: 0250641. 
KW  - Plants
KW  - Environmental Pollution
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Plants -- Physiology
KW  - Plants -- Classification
KW  - Education, Continuing (Credit)
SP  - 36
EP  - 40
JO  - Laboratory Medicine
JF  - Laboratory Medicine
JA  - LAB MED
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
AB  - The study of botany is important to the laboratory for several reasons. Every day, laboratorians perform assays of pharmaceuticals derived from plants and occasionally are consulted by emergency departments about tests for toxic plants. Laboratories also create hazardous wastes that new plant technologies are able to clean up, as discussed in this article. Although several technologies are available for the cleanup of soil, wastewater, and groundwater, they often are not adaptable for specific problems or are not cost-effective. Recent research has indicated that green plants can be a viable alternative. A new technology, called phytoremediation, uses green plants to dewater, remove inorganic contaminants such as heavy metals and radionuclides, and degrade organic contaminants as plants absorb nutrients with their roots. Evapotranspiration is exploited to reduce the volume of aqueous waste. Free-living microorganisms of the rhizosphere that surrounds the root system participate in the degradation of man-made organic contaminants. This technology is important to the laboratory, which for years has contributed to pollution through the use of organic toxins, such as xylene, and heavy metals, such as mercury and chromium. This article explores recent developments in this field. This is the first in a four-part series on botany. Other articles focus on traditional and modern plant medicines, and poisonous plants.
SN  - 0007-5027
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne IL 60439, email: cristina_negri@qmgate.anl.gov
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=107380673&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrill, W. Andrew
T1  - Iran and Iraq: The Threat from the Northern Gulf (Book).
JO  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
JF  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
Y1  - 1996/01//Jan-Mar96
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 111
EP  - 112
SN  - 1057610X
AB  - Reviews the book "Iran and Iraq: The Threat From the Northern Gulf," by Anthony H. Cordesman.
KW  - THREATS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CORDESMAN, Anthony H.
KW  - IRAN & Iraq (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9606141196; Terrill, W. Andrew 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;  Source Info: Jan-Mar96, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: THREATS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Bjornstad, David J.
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory and U TN
A2  - Bjornstad, David J.
A2  - Kahn, James R.
T1  - Characteristics of Environmental Resources and Their Relevance for Measuring Value
T2  - The contingent valuation of environmental resources: Methodological issues and research needs
PB  - New Horizons in Environmental Economics series.
PB  - Cheltenham, U.K.:
PB  - Elgar; distributed by Ashgate, Brookfield, Vt.
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 3
EP  - 15
N1  - Accession Number: 0460299; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-85898-321-5; Keywords: Resources; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199807
KW  - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources          Q26
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q21
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0460299&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Bjornstad, David J.
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory and U TN
A2  - Bjornstad, David J.
A2  - Kahn, James R.
T1  - Structuring a Research Agenda to Estimate Environmental Values
T2  - The contingent valuation of environmental resources: Methodological issues and research needs
PB  - New Horizons in Environmental Economics series.
PB  - Cheltenham, U.K.:
PB  - Elgar; distributed by Ashgate, Brookfield, Vt.
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 263
EP  - 274
N1  - Accession Number: 0460313; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-85898-321-5; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199807
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q21
KW  - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources          Q26
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0460313&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Greene, David L.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Feldman, David Lewis
T1  - Twenty Years of Energy Policy: What Should We Have Learned?
T2  - The energy crisis: Unresolved issues and enduring legacies
PB  - Baltimore and London:
PB  - Johns Hopkins University Press in cooperation with the Center for American Places
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 150
EP  - 168
N1  - Accession Number: 0464468; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-8018-5361-3; Keywords: Energy; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 199807
KW  - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q38
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
KW  - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation          E31
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0464468&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - UNPB
AU  - Bak, P.
AU  - Paczuski, M.
AU  - Shubik, Martin
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
AD  - Cowles Foundation, Yale University
T1  - Price Variations in a Stock Market with Many Agents
PB  - Cowles Foundation, Yale University, Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers: 1132
Y1  - 1996///
SP  - 43 pages
AV  - Availability Note: Information provided in collaboration with the RePEc Project: http://repec.org
N1  - Accession Number: 0696586; Publication Type: Working Paper; Update Code: 200404
N2  - Large variations in stock prices happen with sufficient frequency to raise doubts about existing models, which all fail to account for non-Gaussian statistics. We construct simple models of a stock market, and argue that the large variations may be due to a crowd effect, where agents imitate each other's behavior. The variations over different time scales can be related to each other in a systematic way, similar to the Levy stable distribution proposed by Mandelbrot to describe real market indices. In the simplest, least realistic case, exact results for the statistics of the variations are derived by mapping onto a model of diffusing and annihilating particles, which has been solved by quantum field theory methods. When the agents imitate each other and respond to recent market volatility, different scaling behavior is obtained. In this case the statistics of price variations is consistent with empirical observations. The interplay between "rational" traders whose behavior is derived from fundamental analysis of the stock, including dividends, and "noise traders," whose behavior is governed solely by studying the market dynamics, is investigated. When the relative number of rational traders is small, "bubbles" often occur, where the market price moves outside the range justified by fundamental market analysis. When the number of rational traders is large, the market price is generally locked within the price range they define.
L3  - http://cowles.econ.yale.edu/P/cd/d11a/d1132.pdf
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0696586&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://cowles.econ.yale.edu/P/cd/d11a/d1132.pdf
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morante, Silvia
AU  - Furenlid, Lars
AU  - Schiavo, Giampietro
AU  - Tonello, Fiorella
AU  - Zwilling, Robert
AU  - Montecucco, Cesare
T1  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of zinc coordination in tetanus neurotoxin, astacin, alkaline protease and thermolysin.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1996/02//2/1/96
VL  - 235
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 606
EP  - 612
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins constitute a new group of Zn-endopeptidases which has recently been actively investigated with the purpose of correlating their biochemical properties to their neurobiocytosis inhibitory capacity. Crystallographic data show that Zn-endopeptidases are characterized by an active site with a Zn atom coordinated to two histidines and a glutamate-bound water molecule. The two histidines and the glutamate residues belong to the HEXXH motif which is characteristic of most Zn- endopeptidases. A fourth metal ligand is a glutamate in thermolysin-like proteinases, but it is an histidine in the astacin family of proteinases and in alkaline protease. Astacin and alkaline protease possess a tyrosine as fifth Zn ligand, whose position in the case of alkaline protease could not be determined by X-ray crystallography. Not much is known about the atom arrangement around the active site in tetanus neurotoxin. In this work X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to obtain information on the Zn coordination mode in tetanus neurotoxin. The near-edge and extended fine-structure absorption spectra of this toxin are compared with those of astacin, alkaline protease and thermolysin. The present data and sequence information suggest a new pattern of Zn coordination in tetanus neurotoxin with one water molecule and three aromatic residues as metal ligands. These residues are the two histidines of the characteristic motif and a tyrosine which is tentatively identified with Tyr242, on the basis of sequence comparison and mutagenesis experiments. The mean distances of the Zn from the nearest coordinated atoms is reported. Our results indicate that alkaline protease, like astacin, also possesses a tyrosine as a fifth ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - ENDOPEPTIDASES
KW  - TETANUS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ZINC
KW  - ASTACINS
KW  - extended x-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - x-ray absorption spectroscopy
KW  - zinc-endopeptidases
N1  - Accession Number: 13699390; Morante, Silvia 1; Furenlid, Lars 2; Schiavo, Giampietro 3; Tonello, Fiorella 3; Zwilling, Robert 4; Montecucco, Cesare 3; Source Information: 2/1/96, Vol. 235 Issue 3, p606; Subject: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject: ENDOPEPTIDASES; Subject: TETANUS; Subject: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject: ZINC; Subject: ASTACINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended x-ray absorption fine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: x-ray absorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: zinc-endopeptidases; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J. C.
AU  - Shiver, A. W.
T1  - A Monte Carlo Procedure for the Construction of Complementary Cumulative Distribution Functions for Comparison with the EPA Release Limits for Radioactive Waste Disposal.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 55
SN  - 02724332
AB  - A Monte Carlo procedure for the construction of complementary cumulative distribution functions (CCDFs) for comparison with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) release limits for radioactive waste disposal (40 CFR 191, Subpart B) is described and illustrated with results from a recent performance assessment (PA) for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). The Monte Carlo procedure produces CCDF estimates similar to those obtained with importance sampling in several recent PAs for the WIPP. The advantages of the Monte Carlo procedure over importance sampling include increased resolution in the calculation of probabilities for complex scenarios involving drilling intrusions and better use of the necessarily limited number of mechanistic calculations that underlie CCDF construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 11762719; Helton, J. C. 1; Shiver, A. W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1804.; 2: WIPP Performance Assessment Computational Support Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico  87185-1328.; Issue Info: Feb96, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p43; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - The Dilemma of Sitting a High-Level Nuclear Waste Repository (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 128
EP  - 128
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "The Dilemma of Sitting a High Level Nuclear Waste Repository," by Douglas Easterline and Howard Kunreuther.
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste repositories
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - EASTERLINE, Douglas
KW  - KUNREUTHER, Howard, 1938-
KW  - DILEMMA of Sitting a High Level Nuclear Waste Repository, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11762727; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Feb96, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p128; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste repositories; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: DILEMMA of Sitting a High Level Nuclear Waste Repository, The (Book); People: EASTERLINE, Douglas; People: KUNREUTHER, Howard, 1938-; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=11762727&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Fire Law: The Liabilities and Rights of the Fire Service (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 128
EP  - 129
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Fire Law: The Liabilities and Rights of the Fire Service," by Thomas D. Schneid.
KW  - FIRE departments
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SCHNEID, Thomas D.
KW  - FIRE Law: The Liabilities & Rights of the Fire Service (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11762728; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Feb96, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p128; Subject Term: FIRE departments; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: FIRE Law: The Liabilities & Rights of the Fire Service (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 912140 Provincial fire-fighting services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913140 Municipal fire-fighting services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922160 Fire Protection; People: SCHNEID, Thomas D.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Air Pollution and Community Health (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 129
EP  - 129
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Air Pollution and Community Health," by Frederick W. Lipfert.
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - LIPFERT, Federick W.
KW  - AIR Pollution & Community Health: A Critical Review & Data Source Book (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11762729; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Feb96, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p129; Thesaurus Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: AIR Pollution & Community Health: A Critical Review & Data Source Book (Book); People: LIPFERT, Federick W.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=11762729&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kassicieh, Suleiman K.
AU  - Radosevich, Raymond
AU  - Umbarger, John
T1  - A Comparative Study of Entrepreneurship Incidence Among Inventors in National Laboratories.
JO  - Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice
JF  - Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice
Y1  - 1996///Spring96
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 49
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10422587
AB  - Although the commercialization of public-sector technology is a primary federal strategy for improving the international competitiveness of U.S. industry, the potential role of spin-off entrepreneurship in this strategy is poorly understood. Inventors from three large national laboratories are compared to each other and to spin-off entrepreneurs from the same laboratories. A 1992 survey gathered data on personal characteristics, attitudes, and perceptions of situational variables from 213 inventors and 24 spin-off entrepreneurs. This paper identifies differences among the laboratories as well as differences between each of the laboratories and the entrepreneurs that have started ventures from Inventions discovered at these laboratories. These differences should be used to identify areas of change that are needed to increase the number of inventions that are spun-off from the laboratories. These changes include affecting the inventors' entrepreneurial attitudes and perceptions of key situational variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTREPRENEURSHIP
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - TECHNOLOGY transfer
KW  - COMMERCIALIZATION
KW  - PUBLIC sector
KW  - COMPARATIVE studies
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 9707104313; Kassicieh, Suleiman K. 1; Radosevich, Raymond 1; Umbarger, John 2; Affiliations: 1: Professor of Technology Management, Anderson Schools of Management, University of New Mexico.; 2: Industrial Partnership Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Spring96, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p33; Thesaurus Term: ENTREPRENEURSHIP; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY transfer; Thesaurus Term: COMMERCIALIZATION; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC sector; Subject Term: COMPARATIVE studies; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 7 Charts; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=9707104313&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Martin
AU  - Poyer, David
AD  - Northern IL U
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - The Effect of Energy Conservation Tax Credits on Minority Household Housing Improvements
JO  - Review of Black Political Economy
JF  - Review of Black Political Economy
Y1  - 1996///Spring
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
SP  - 122
EP  - 134
SN  - 00346446
N1  - Accession Number: 0436105; Keywords: Energy Conservation;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199712
N2  - This article examines the effects of socioeconomic measures, an array of housing structure characteristics, external temperature conditions, and the role of residential energy tax credits on energy-conservation improvement among black and Hispanic households respectively. We find strong, consistent support that higher income blacks and higher income Hispanics tend to invest in energy saving conservation equipment. Also, while older blacks are less likely to invest, older Hispanics do. Blacks consider housing size in their decision to invest; Hispanics do not. We also find that energy tax credits play a statistically significant role in explaining energy conservation improvement activity for both blacks and Hispanics.
KW  - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: Household          H31
KW  - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination          J15
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/12114
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UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/12114
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bradford, Richard M.
T1  - Pricing, routing, and incentive compatibility in multiserver queues.
JO  - European Journal of Operational Research
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
Y1  - 1996/03/08/
VL  - 89
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 226
EP  - 236
SN  - 03772217
AB  - This paper studies pricing and incentive issues in the assignment of customers to servers in a system that suffers congestion effects. When customers have private information about their waiting costs, a system administrator who wishes to maximize steady-sate net benefits per unit of time (i.e. total benefits from service minus total waiting costs) may do so using a pricing and routing scheme that is incentive compatible; that is, no customer has any incentive to reveal his private information untruthfully. When the system administrator wants to maximixe toll revenue, the optimal scheme involves higher tolls, and hence lower congestion, than is socially optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Operational Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRICING
KW  - QUEUING theory
KW  - INCENTIVE awards
KW  - CONSUMERS
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
KW  - REVENUE
KW  - Economics
KW  - Incentive compatibility
KW  - Queueing
KW  - Revelation principle
KW  - Routing
N1  - Accession Number: 7926157; Bradford, Richard M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Systems Research Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, MS L- 195, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Issue Info: 3/8/96, Vol. 89 Issue 2, p226; Thesaurus Term: PRICING; Thesaurus Term: QUEUING theory; Thesaurus Term: INCENTIVE awards; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMERS; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; Subject Term: REVENUE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Economics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Incentive compatibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Queueing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Revelation principle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Routing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moser, L. E.
AU  - Melliar-Smith, P. M.
AU  - Agarwal, D. A.
AU  - Budhia, R. K.
AU  - Lingley-Papadopoulos, C. A.
T1  - Totem: A Fault-Tolerant Multicast Group Communication System.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 63
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article describes characteristics and architecture of the Totem system, which provides a totally ordered multicast service to application process groups. It is a fault tolerant multicast group communication system. The Totem system, developed at the University of California, provides reliable, totally ordered multicasting of messages over local area networks (LANs) and exploits the hardware broadcasts of such networks to achieve high performance. The Totem single-ring protocol provides reliable totally ordered delivery of messages using a logical token-passing ring superimposed on a LAN, such as an Ethernet. A hierarchy of protocols delivers messages to processes within process groups over a single LAN or over multiple LANs interconnected by gateways. The message ordering strategy of Totem employs time stamps to define a consistent total order on messages systemwide and sequence numbers to ensure reliable delivery of messages. Hardware broadcasts, multiple rings, filtering of messages, and process group locality enable Totem to achieve high throughput and low predictable latency.  INSETS: Why Totem?;Virtual Synchrony and Extended Virtue Synchrony.;What Is Real Time?.
KW  - COMMUNICATION
KW  - ETHERNET (Local area network system)
KW  - LOCAL area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - MULTICASTING (Computer networks)
KW  - MAIL receiving & forwarding services
N1  - Accession Number: 12571810; Moser, L. E. 1; Email Address: moser@ece.ucsb.edu; Melliar-Smith, P. M. 2; Email Address: pmms@ece.ucsb.edu; Agarwal, D. A. 3; Email Address: daagarwal@lbl.gov; Budhia, R. K.; Email Address: ravi@alpha.ece.ucsb.edu; Lingley-Papadopoulos, C. A. 4; Email Address: lingley-amy@tandem.com; Affiliations: 1: Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara.; 2: Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara.; 3: Staff Scientist, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.; 4: Software Engineer, Tandem Computers.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p54; Thesaurus Term: COMMUNICATION; Thesaurus Term: ETHERNET (Local area network system); Thesaurus Term: LOCAL area networks (Computer networks); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: MULTICASTING (Computer networks); Subject Term: MAIL receiving & forwarding services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561431 Private Mail Centers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/227210.227226
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12571810&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reinhart, Bruce D.
AU  - Hack, Alan L.
T1  - The Demonstration of a Telemetric Heat Stress Monitor and a Liquid Air-cooled Protective Suit.
JO  - Journal of Occupational Medicine
JF  - Journal of Occupational Medicine
Y1  - 1996/04//
M3  - Article
SP  - 422
EP  - 422
SN  - 00961736
N1  - Accession Number: 113379667; Reinhart, Bruce D. 1; Hack, Alan L. 1; Source Information: Apr1996, p422; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 204
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breitenstein Jr, Bryce D.
T1  - Ionizing Radiation.
JO  - Journal of Occupational Medicine
JF  - Journal of Occupational Medicine
Y1  - 1996/04//
M3  - Article
SP  - 426
EP  - 426
SN  - 00961736
N1  - Accession Number: 113379691; Breitenstein Jr, Bryce D. 1; Source Information: Apr1996, p426; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 143
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Metz, William C.
T1  - Historical Application of a Social Amplification of Risk Model: Economic Impacts of Risk Events at Nuclear Weapons Facilities.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 193
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Public perception of risk is being cited as a documented reason to rethink a very contentious congressionally mandated process for siting interim storage and permanent disposal facilities for high-level radioactive waste. Rigorous survey research has shown that the public holds intense, negative images of "nuclear" and "radioactive" technologies, activities, and facilities. Potential host states and opponents claim that these negative images, coupled with an amplification of negative risk events, will potentially stigmatize the area surrounding such facilities and result in significant economic losses. At issue is whether a supporting social amplification of risk model is applicable to communities hosting facilities that are part of the U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Weapons Complex. An initial assessment of high-profile discrete and cumulative key negative risk events at such nuclear facilities does not validate that there has been stigmatization or substantial social and economic consequences in the host areas. Before any changes to major national policy are implemented, additional research is required to determine if the nearby public's "pragmatic logic," based on practical knowledge and experience, attenuates the link between public opinion and demographic and economic behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PUBLIC opinion
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - RISK perception
KW  - PERCEPTION
KW  - BEHAVIOR
KW  - amplification
KW  - behavior.
KW  - nuclear
KW  - perceptions
KW  - Risk
N1  - Accession Number: 11945355; Metz, William C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, #900, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p185; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: RISK perception; Subject Term: PERCEPTION; Subject Term: BEHAVIOR; Author-Supplied Keyword: amplification; Author-Supplied Keyword: behavior.; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear; Author-Supplied Keyword: perceptions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
T1  - Ecological Risks to Fossorial Vertebrates from Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 219
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The past several years has seen an increased awareness of the need to conduct ecological risk assessments (ERAs) for hazardous waste sites. One technique used in ERAs involves estimating contaminant exposure to individual animals of selected species, which is then compared to a reference dose derived from the literature. Exposure estimates are conducted on those species which are representative of the different trophic levels found at the site. In many terrestrial systems, fossorial (burrowing) vertebrates are found in both lower and upper trophic levels. As part of the ERA conducted for Site 300, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's high-explosive test facility, contaminant exposures were estimated for fossorial and nonfossorial vertebrates spanning two trophic levels. The results of the evaluation revealed that a significant pathway by which fossorial vertebrates could be exposed to trichloroethylene in soil was through the inhalation of contaminated subsurface burrow air. This was the first time that the importance of this ecological exposure pathway has been recognized. The results of this analysis suggest that further research into the ecological significance of subsurface burrow air contaminated with volatile organic compounds is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
KW  - TRICHLOROETHYLENE
KW  - VERTEBRATES
KW  - CHLOROHYDROCARBONS
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - fossorial vertebrates.
KW  - inhalation
KW  - trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 11945358; Carlsen, Tina M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Restoration Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,  P.O. Box 808 L-619, Livermore, California 94551.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p211; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Subject Term: TRICHLOROETHYLENE; Subject Term: VERTEBRATES; Subject Term: CHLOROHYDROCARBONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: fossorial vertebrates.; Author-Supplied Keyword: inhalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: trichloroethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, P. D.
AU  - Pardi, R.
AU  - Fthenakis, V. M.
AU  - Holtzman, S.
AU  - Sun, L. C.
AU  - Irla, B.
T1  - An Evaluation of Three Representative Multimedia Models Used to Support Cleanup Decision-Making at Hazardous, Mixed, and Radioactive Waste Sites.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 287
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The decision process involved in cleaning sites contaminated with hazardous, mixed, and radioactive materials is supported often by results obtained from computer models. These results provide limits within which a decision-maker can judge the importance of individual transport and fate processes, and the likely outcome of alternative cleanup strategies. The transport of hazardous materials may occur predominately through one particular pathway but, more often, actual or potential transport must be evaluated across several pathways and media. Multimedia models are designed to simulate the transport of contaminants from a source to a receptor through more than one environmental pathway. Three such multimedia models are reviewed here: MEPAS, MMSOILS, and PRESTO-EPA-CPG. The reviews are based on documentation provided with the software, on published reviews, on personal interviews with the model developers, and on model summaries extracted from computer databases and expert systems. The three models are reviewed within the context of specific media components: air, surface water, ground water, and food chain. Additional sections evaluate the way that these three models calculate human exposure and dose and how they report uncertainty. Special emphasis is placed on how each model handles radionuclide transport within specific media. For the purpose of simulating the transport, fate and effects of radioactive contaminants through more than one pathway, both MEPAS and PRESTO-EPA-CPG are adequate for screening studies; MMSOILS only handles nonradioactive substances and must be modified before it can be used in these same applications. Of the three models, MEPAS is the most versatile, especially if the user needs to model the transport, fate, and effects of hazardous and radioactive contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HAZARDOUS waste sites
KW  - CONTAMINATION (Technology)
KW  - CLEANUP of radioactive waste sites
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste sites
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - cleanup
KW  - Contaminated sites
KW  - hazardous materials
KW  - models.
N1  - Accession Number: 11945364; Moskowitz, P. D. 1; Pardi, R. 1; Fthenakis, V. M. 1; Holtzman, S. 1; Sun, L. C. 1; Irla, B. 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; 2: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p279; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS waste sites; Thesaurus Term: CONTAMINATION (Technology); Subject Term: CLEANUP of radioactive waste sites; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste sites; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Author-Supplied Keyword: cleanup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contaminated sites; Author-Supplied Keyword: hazardous materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: models.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellan
T1  - Analyzing Superfund Economics, Science, and Law (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 289
EP  - 289
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Analyzing Superfund Economics, Science, and Law," edited by Richard Revesz and Richard B. Stewart.
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - REVESZ, Richard L., 1958-
KW  - STEWART, Richard B.
KW  - ANALYZING Superfund (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11945365; Baldwin, Ellan 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p289; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ANALYZING Superfund (Book); People: REVESZ, Richard L., 1958-; People: STEWART, Richard B.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Five Golden Rules (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 289
EP  - 289
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Five Golden Rules," by John L. Casti.
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CASTI, John L.
KW  - FIVE Golden Rules (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11945366; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p289; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: FIVE Golden Rules (Book); People: CASTI, John L.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Employee-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 289
EP  - 290
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Employee-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior," by Thomas R. Krause.
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KRAUSE, Thomas R., 1944-
KW  - EMPLOYEE-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11945367; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p289; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL safety; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: EMPLOYEE-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior (Book); People: KRAUSE, Thomas R., 1944-; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Downing, Mark
AU  - Ozuna, Teofilo, Jr.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - TX A&M U
T1  - Testing the Reliability of the Benefit Function Transfer Approach
JO  - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
Y1  - 1996/05//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
SP  - 316
EP  - 322
SN  - 00950696
N1  - Accession Number: 0390186; Keywords: Contingent Valuation; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199609
N2  - This article presents an experiment designed to test the reliability of the benefit function transfer approach using contingent valuation methods. The experiment uses data collected from anglers surveyed across eight contiguous Texas Gulf Coast bay regions over three distinct time periods. Results indicate that the benefit function transfer approach tends to over-estimate benefits, implying that, at least for the case of recreational saltwater fishing Texas, the benefit function transfer approach is not reliable. (c) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.
KW  - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources          Q26
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00950696
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00950696
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107337856
T1  - High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other risk factors for coronary heart disease in female runners.
AU  - Williams PT
Y1  - 1996/05/16/
N1  - Accession Number: 107337856. Language: English. Entry Date: 19970901. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; research. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Grants (HL-45652 and HL-55640) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, grant (DE-AC03-76SF00098) from the Department of Energy at the University of California. NLM UID: 0255562. 
KW  - Coronary Disease
KW  - Lipoproteins, HDL Cholesterol
KW  - Running -- Physiology
KW  - Female
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Adult
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Cross Sectional Studies
KW  - Risk Factors
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Multiple Regression
KW  - Blood Pressure
KW  - Body Mass Index
KW  - Exercise Physiology
KW  - T-Tests
KW  - Human
SP  - 1298
EP  - 1303
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine
JA  - N ENGL J MED
VL  - 334
IS  - 20
CY  - Waltham, Massachusetts
PB  - New England Journal of Medicine
SN  - 0028-4793
AD  - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Bldg 934, Berkeley, CA 94720
U2  - PMID: 8609947.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carnes, Bruce A.
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
AU  - Grahn, Douglas
T1  - Continuing the Search for a Law of Mortality.
T2  - Continuando la búsqueda de una ley de mortalidad.
T2  - Poursuite de la recherche en matière d'une loi sur la mortalité.
JO  - Population & Development Review
JF  - Population & Development Review
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 264
SN  - 00987921
AB  - Scientists have long attempted to explain why closely similar age patterns of death are characteristic of highly diverse human and nonhuman populations. Historical efforts to identify a general "law of mortality" from these patterns that applied across species ended in 1935 when it was declared that such a law did not exist. These early efforts were conducted using mortality curves based on all causes of death. The authors predict that if comparisons of mortality are based instead on "intrinsic" causes of death (i.e., deaths that reflect the basic biology of the organism), then age patterns of mortality consistent with the historical concept of a law might be revealed. Using data on laboratory animals and humans, they demonstrate that age patterns of intrinsic mortality overlap when graphed on a biologically comparable time scale. These results are consistent with the existence of a law of mortality following sexual maturity, as originally asserted by Benjamin Gompertz and Raymond Pearl. The societal, medical, and research implications of such a law are discussed. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Hace tiempo que los científicos han tratado de explicar por qué patrones muy similares de muertes por edad son característicos de poblaciones humanas y no humanas altamente diversas. Los esfuerzos históricos para identificar una "ley de mortalidad" general de estos patrones, aplicables a través de las especies, se acabaron en 1935 cuando se declaró que no existe tal ley. Estas tentativas iniciales se condujeron empleando curvas de mortalidad basadas en todas las causas de muertes. Los autores predicen que si en vez las comparaciones de mortalidad se basaran en causas intrínsicas de muerte (p.ej. muertes que reflejan la biología básica del organismo), entonces patrones de mortalidad por edad consecuentes con el concepto histórico de una ley podrían ser revelados. Usando datos de animales de laboratorio y de seres humanos, los autores demuestran que los patrones de mortalidad intrínsicos por edad se superponen cuando se delinean entemente sobre una escala de tiempo biológicamente comparable. Estos resultados son consecuentes con la existencia de una ley de mortalidad luego de la madurez sexual, como lo sostuvieron originalmente Benjamín Gompertz y Raymond Pearl. Las inferencias en cuanto a sociedad, las médicas y de investigación de tal ley son examinadas. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Il y a longtemps que les scientifiques tentent d'expliquer les raisons pour lesquelles les scénarios de mortalité par âge qui sont très semblables sont caractéristiques des populations humaines et non humaines très différentes. Les efforts du point de vue historique visant à définir une "loi sur la mortalité" à partir de ces scénarios et s'appliquant à plusieurs espèces se sont terminés en 1935 alors qu'on a déclaré qu'une telle loi n'existait pas. Ces premières tentatives utilisaient des courbes de mortalité en fonction de toutes les causes de décès. Dans le présent article, les auteurs prédisent que si les comparaisons de mortalité sont effectuées plutôt en fonction des causes "intrinsèques" de décès (c.-à-d. les décès qui reflètent la biologie fondamentale de l'organisme), des scénarios de mortalité par âge compatibles avec le concept historique d'une loi pourraient fort bien émerger. A l'aide de données sur des animaux de laboratoire et des humains, ils ont démontré que les scénarios de mortalité intrinsèque par âge se superposent lorsque l'on en trace le graphique sur une échelle chronologique comparable du point de vue biologique. Ces résultats sont compatibles avec l'existence d'une loi de la mortalité suivant la maturité sexuelle, comme l'avaient soutenu Benjamin Gompertz et Raymond Pearl à l'origine. Les implications sociétales, médicales et en matière de recherche d'une telle loi sont discutées. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Population & Development Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORTALITY
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - AGE
KW  - DEATH
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - LIFE CYCLES: ADULTHOOD, AGING, AND THE FAMILY
KW  - NATURAL SELECTION
N1  - Accession Number: 9708061345; Carnes, Bruce A. 1; Olshansky, S. Jay 2; Grahn, Douglas 3; Affiliations: 1: Scientist, Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2: Research Associate, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; 3: Senior Scientist, Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p231; Subject Term: MORTALITY; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: AGE; Subject Term: DEATH; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIFE CYCLES: ADULTHOOD, AGING, AND THE FAMILY; Author-Supplied Keyword: NATURAL SELECTION; Number of Pages: 34p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kocher, D. C.
AU  - Hoffman, F. O.
T1  - Comment on "An Approach for Balancing Health and Ecological Risks at Hazardous Waste Sites".
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 295
EP  - 297
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor on an approach for balancing health and ecological risks at hazardous waste sites.
KW  - HAZARDOUS waste site remediation
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 11839237; Kocher, D. C. 1; Hoffman, F. O. 2; Affiliations: 1: Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6480.; 2: SENES Oak Ridge Inc. Center for Risk Analysis 102 Donner Drive Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p295; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS waste site remediation; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Suter II, Glenn W.
T1  - Response to "Comment on 'An Approach for Balancing Health and Ecological Risks at Hazardous Waste Sites' ".
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 299
EP  - 299
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor on the presentation of a method that uses a common risk classification scheme to balance health and ecological risks.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 11839238; Suter II, Glenn W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038.; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p299; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mckone, T. E.
AU  - Daniels, J. I.
AU  - Goldman, M.
T1  - Uncertainties in the Link Between Global Climate Change and Predicted Health Risks from Pollution: Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) Case Study Using a Fugacity  Model.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 393
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Industrial societies have altered the earth's environment in ways that could have important, longterm ecological, economic, and health implications. In this paper, we examine the extent to which uncertainty about global climate change could impact the precision of predictions of secondary outcomes such as health impacts of pollution. Using a model that links global climate change with predictions of chemical exposure and human health risk in the Western region of the United States of America (U.S.), we define parameter variabilities and uncertainties and we characterize the resulting outcome variance. As a case study, we consider the public health consequences from releases of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), a ubiquitous multimedia pollutant. By constructing a matrix that links global environmental change both directly and indirectly to potential human-health effects attributable to HCB released into air, soil, and water, we define critical parameter variances in the health risk estimation process. We employ a combined uncertainty/sensitivity analysis to investigate how HCB releases are affected by increasing atmospheric temperature and the accompanying climate alterations that are anticipated. We examine how such uncertainty impacts both the expected magnitude and calculational precision of potential human exposures and health effects. This assessment reveals that uncertain temperature increases of up to 5°C have little impact on either the magnitude or precision of the public-health consequences estimated under existing climate variations for HCB released into air and water in the Western region of the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
KW  - HEXACHLOROBENZENE
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - CASE studies
KW  - Climate change
KW  - fugacity models
KW  - health risk
KW  - sensitivity
KW  - uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 11839249; Mckone, T. E. 1,2; Daniels, J. I. 3; Goldman, M. 4; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.; 2: University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.; 3: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.; 4: University of California, Davis, Davis, California.; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p377; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Subject Term: HEXACHLOROBENZENE; Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: CASE studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: fugacity models; Author-Supplied Keyword: health risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, Jill
T1  - Applied Contaminat Transport Modelling: Theroy and Practice (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 439
EP  - 439
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Applied Contaminant Transport Modelling: Theory and Practice," by Chunmiao Zheng and Gordon D. Bennett.
KW  - PARADIGMS (Social sciences)
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CHUNMIAO Zheng
KW  - BENNETT, Gordon D.
KW  - APPLIED Contaminant Transport Modeling (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11839256; Morris, Jill 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p439; Subject Term: PARADIGMS (Social sciences); Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: APPLIED Contaminant Transport Modeling (Book); People: CHUNMIAO Zheng; People: BENNETT, Gordon D.; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dongarra, Jack J.
AU  - Otto, Steve W.
AU  - Snir, Marc
AU  - Walker, David
T1  - A Message Passing Standard for MPP and Workstations.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1996/07//
VL  - 39
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 84
EP  - 90
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a portable message-passing standard that facilitates development of parallel applications and libraries. Commercial and free, public-domain implementations of MPI have been available since 1994, running on both tightly coupled, massively parallel processing (MPP) machines and on networks of workstations (NOWs). The MPI standard was developed over 12 month period in 1993-1994 of intensive meetings involving more than 80 people from approximately 40 organizations, mainly from the U.S. and Europe. This article has concentrated on issues of programming in MPI and programming with other message-passing interfaces. MPI does not claim to be the definitive answer to all message-passing needs. MPI interface provides a useful basis for developing software for message-passing environments. A message-passing standard gives vendors a clearly defined base set of routines they can implement efficiently. MPI is used to specify the communication among set of processes forming a concurrent program.  INSETS: MPI Implementations;More MPI Assistance;Library Communicator and Caching.
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - MICROCOMPUTER workstations (Computers)
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - PARALLEL programming (Computer science)
KW  - PARALLEL computers
N1  - Accession Number: 12619523; Dongarra, Jack J. 1; Email Address: dongarra@cs.utk.edu; Otto, Steve W. 2; Email Address: otto@cse.ogi.edu; Snir, Marc 3; Email Address: snir@watson.ibm.com; Walker, David 4; Email Address: walker@rios2.epm.orn.gov; Affiliations: 1: Distinguished Professor of Computer Science, Computer Science Department, University of Tennessee.; 2: Faculty, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Oregon Graduate Institute.; 3: Senior Manager, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center.; 4: Senior Research Staff Memberm Mathematical Science Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Jul96, Vol. 39 Issue 7, p84; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: MICROCOMPUTER workstations (Computers); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software development; Thesaurus Term: PARALLEL programming (Computer science); Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/233977.234000
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12619523&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
AU  - Sanstad, Alan H.
AU  - Shown, Leslie J.
AD  - Ernst Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - Ernst Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - Ernst Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Energy-Efficient Lighting: Market Data, Market Imperfections, and Policy Success
JO  - Contemporary Economic Policy
JF  - Contemporary Economic Policy
Y1  - 1996/07//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
SP  - 98
EP  - 111
SN  - 10743529
N1  - Accession Number: 0392799; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199610
KW  - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives          O31
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7287
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0392799&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7287
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moré, Jorge J.
T1  - Global Methods for Nonlinear Complementarity Problems.
JO  - Mathematics of Operations Research
JF  - Mathematics of Operations Research
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 589
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0364765X
AB  - Global methods for nonlinear complementarity problems formulate the problem as a system of nonsmooth nonlinear equations, or use continuation to trace a path defined by a smooth system of nonlinear equations. We formulate the nonlinear complementarity problem as a bound-constrained nonlinear least squares problem. Algorithms based on this formulation are applicable to general nonlinear complementarity problems, can be started from any nonnegative starting point, and each iteration only requires the solution of systems of linear equations. Convergence to a solution of the nonlinear complementarity problem is guaranteed under reasonable regularity assumptions. The converge rate is Q-linear, Q-superlinear, or Q-quadratic, depending on the tolerances used to solve the subproblems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - LINEAR complementarity problem
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - CURVE fitting
KW  - convergence.
KW  - Nonlinear complementarity
KW  - nonlinear least squares
N1  - Accession Number: 9704024581; Moré, Jorge J. 1; Email Address: more@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p589; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: LINEAR complementarity problem; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: CURVE fitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: convergence.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear complementarity; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear least squares; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Emergency Incident Risk Management (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 599
EP  - 599
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Emergency Incident Risk Management," by Jonathan D. kipp and Murrey E. Loflin.
KW  - RISK management in business
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KIPP, Jonathan D.
KW  - LOFLIN, Murrey E.
KW  - EMERGENCY Incident Risk Management (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782723; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p599; Thesaurus Term: RISK management in business; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: EMERGENCY Incident Risk Management (Book); People: KIPP, Jonathan D.; People: LOFLIN, Murrey E.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Safety by Objectives (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 599
EP  - 599
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Safety by Objectives," by Dan Peterson.
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - PETERSON, Dan
KW  - SAFETY by Objectives (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782724; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p599; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL safety; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: SAFETY by Objectives (Book); People: PETERSON, Dan; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Prudent Practices in the Laboratory (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 599
EP  - 599
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Prudent Practices in the Laboratory."
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - PLANNING
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - PRUDENT Practices in the Laboratory (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782725; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p599; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Thesaurus Term: PLANNING; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PRUDENT Practices in the Laboratory (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Foundations of Rational Choice Under Risk (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 599
EP  - 600
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Foundations of Rational Choice Under Risk," by Paul Anand.
KW  - SOCIAL choice
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ANAND, Paul
KW  - FOUNDATIONS of Rational Choice Under Risk (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782726; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p599; Subject Term: SOCIAL choice; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: FOUNDATIONS of Rational Choice Under Risk (Book); People: ANAND, Paul; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - The Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 600
EP  - 600
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "The Bloodborne Pathogens Standard," by Jon T. O'Neal.
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - O'NEAL, Jon T.
KW  - BLOODBORNE Pathogens Standard, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782727; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p600; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: BLOODBORNE Pathogens Standard, The (Book); People: O'NEAL, Jon T.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, Frank
T1  - Gravity Models of Spacial Interaction Behavior .
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 270
EP  - 271
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - Reviews the book "Gravity Models of Spatial Interaction Behavior," by Ashish Sen and Tony E. Smith.
KW  - BEHAVIOR
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SEN, Ashish
KW  - SMITH, Tony E.
KW  - GRAVITY Models of Spatial Interaction Behavior (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 4455437; Southworth, Frank 1; Affiliations: 1: Senior Development Staff, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6206.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p270; Subject Term: BEHAVIOR; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: GRAVITY Models of Spatial Interaction Behavior (Book); People: SEN, Ashish; People: SMITH, Tony E.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knezovich, J. P.
AU  - Steichen, D. J.
AU  - Jelinski, J. A.
AU  - Anderson, S. L.
T1  - Sulfide Tolerance of Four Marine Species Used to Evaluate Sediment and Pore-Water Toxicity.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1996/09//
VL  - 57
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 450
EP  - 457
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article investigates the sulphide tolerance of four marine species used to evaluate sediment and pore-water toxicity by researchers from California. Hydrogen sulphide, which occurs naturally in marine and estuarine sediments, may be present at levels that are toxic to organisms used to evaluate sediment toxicity. We investigated the sulphide tolerances of four marine species that are commonly used to evaluate survival of Rhepoxynius abronius and Eohaustorius estuarius in bulk sediment and embryo development of Mytilus edulis and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus in pore water.
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Hydrogen sulfide
KW  - Marine organisms
KW  - Adaptation (Biology)
KW  - Estuarine sediments
KW  - Poisonous gases
KW  - Experimental toxicology
KW  - Amphipoda
KW  - Pore fluids
N1  - Accession Number: 15730285; Knezovich, J. P. 1; Steichen, D. J. 2; Jelinski, J. A. 2; Anderson, S. L. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Health and Ecological Assessment Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA; 2 : Energy and Environment Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;  Source Info: Sep96, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p450; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen sulfide; Thesaurus Term: Marine organisms; Thesaurus Term: Adaptation (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Estuarine sediments; Thesaurus Term: Poisonous gases; Thesaurus Term: Experimental toxicology; Subject Term: Amphipoda; Subject Term: Pore fluids; Number of Pages: 08p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ulibarri, Carlos A.
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and WA State U
T1  - Non-conventional Fuel Tax Credits and the Extraction R&D Model
JO  - Resources Policy
JF  - Resources Policy
Y1  - 1996/09//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
SP  - 207
EP  - 215
SN  - 03014207
N1  - Accession Number: 0414961; Keywords: Fuel;  Gas;  Natural Gas;  R&D; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199706
N2  - This paper applies the extraction R&D model in examining the effects of non-conventional fuel tax credits on natural gas reserves and extraction in southwestern and northeastern New Mexico, the second largest deposits of natural gas in the USA. Testable implications of both market prices and R&D effort are specified in an empirical supply function for natural gas. The findings of the paper indicate marginal R&D costs closely parallel real wellhead prices and are an important element in explaining natural gas reserves and extraction. The policy implication is that non-conventional fuel tax credits affected both natural gas reserves and extraction activity via their influence on R&D behaviour.
KW  - Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels          L71
KW  - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D          O32
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03014207
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03014207
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saltzman, Robert M.
AU  - Bradford, Richard M.
T1  - Optimal realignments of the teams in the National Football League.
JO  - European Journal of Operational Research
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
Y1  - 1996/09/20/
VL  - 93
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
EP  - 475
SN  - 03772217
AB  - In the fall of 1995, the National Football League expanded for the first time since 1977, adding Carolina to the National Football Conference West division and Jacksonville to the American Football Conference Central division. However, this expansion, coupled with the departure of the Rams and the Raiders from Los Angeles, exacerbated an already inefficient alignment of the teams. This paper presents optimal realignments of the league's thirty teams based on the goal of minimizing total intradivisional travel. These realignments are both fairer and considerably less expensive for the teams than the 1995 alignment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Operational Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - LOCATION problems (Programming)
KW  - TRANSPORTATION problems (Programming)
KW  - QUADRATIC programming
KW  - Location
KW  - Quadratic programming
KW  - Transportation
N1  - Accession Number: 11936867; Saltzman, Robert M. 1; Email Address: saltzman@sfsu.edu; Bradford, Richard M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Business Analysis & Computing Systems Department, College of Business, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue,.San Francisco, CA 94132, USA.; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail Stop L-195, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Issue Info: 9/20/96, Vol. 93 Issue 3, p469; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: LOCATION problems (Programming); Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION problems (Programming); Subject Term: QUADRATIC programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Location; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadratic programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chandler, William U.
AU  - Evans, Meredydd
AU  - Kolesov, Alexander
T1  - Climate change mitigation: A review of cost estimates and methodologies for the post-planned economies.
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 1996/10//Oct/Nov1996
VL  - 24
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 927
EP  - 935
SN  - 03014215
AB  - This paper summarizes selected studies of the potential and cost of carbon emissions mitigation strategies in the post-planned economies. The economies of the Former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern Europe present significant opportunities and serious difficulties in energy related carbon dioxide emissions mitigation. This region in 1990 accounted for over one-fifth of global energy consumption and energy related greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide mitigation
KW  - Pollution prevention
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Greenhouse gas mitigation
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Former communist countries
KW  - Russia
KW  - Europe, Central
KW  - Europe, Eastern
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Mitigation
N1  - Accession Number: 14889569; Chandler, William U. 1; Evans, Meredydd 1; Kolesov, Alexander; Affiliations: 1 : Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA;  Source Info: Oct/Nov1996, Vol. 24 Issue 10/11, p927; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Pollution prevention; Thesaurus Term: Energy policy; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gas mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject Term: Former communist countries; Subject: Russia; Subject: Europe, Central; Subject: Europe, Eastern; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mitigation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levine, Mark D.
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Martin, Nathan
T1  - Mitigation options for carbon dioxide emissions from buildings: A global analysis.
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 1996/10//Oct/Nov1996
VL  - 24
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 937
EP  - 949
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Between 1971 and 1992, growth in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from buildings varied widely by region, ranging from 0.9% per year in the industrialized countries to 0.7% per year in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union and 5.9% per year in developing countries. This paper outlines energy efficiency improvements for buildings and the overall technical potential to reduce CO2 emissions by cutting growth in energy consumption in buildings. Three scenarios of future buildings CO2 emissions in 2020 were developed. Under the business as usual scenario, buildings emissions increase 90% over 1990 levels. A scenario that involves adopting more efficient energy using practices and technologies is estimated to produce CO2 emissions 50% above 1990 levels. A scenario with powerful incentives for energy efficiency could lead to CO2 emissions 28% above 1990 levels. Much of the CO2 growth is the result of population growth and growth in energy services, especially in developing countries. Policy instruments to reduce energy use and related CO2 emissions include real increases in energy prices, aggressive use of energy efficiency policies, major programs to transfer knowledge, technology, and tools for transforming markets to the developing world and continued efforts to pursue research and development in technologies and practices to increase energy efficiency in buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide mitigation
KW  - Architecture & energy conservation
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Pollution prevention
KW  - Industrialization
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Industrial research
KW  - Science -- Social aspects
KW  - Industrial efficiency
KW  - Consumption (Economics)
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - Developed countries
KW  - Carbon dioxide emissions
N1  - Accession Number: 14889579; Levine, Mark D. 1; Price, Lynn 1; Martin, Nathan 1; Affiliations: 1 : Energy Analysis Program, Mailstop 90-4000, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Oct/Nov1996, Vol. 24 Issue 10/11, p937; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Architecture & energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Energy policy; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Thesaurus Term: Energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Pollution prevention; Thesaurus Term: Industrialization; Subject Term: Technological innovations; Subject Term: Industrial research; Subject Term: Science -- Social aspects; Subject Term: Industrial efficiency; Subject Term: Consumption (Economics); Subject Term: Developing countries; Subject: Developed countries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide emissions; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Pesticides in the Atmosphere, Volume 1 of the Series Pesticides in teh Hydrologic System (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 727
EP  - 727
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Pesticides in the Atmosphere," vol. 1 of the series, "Pesticides in the Hydrologic System," by Michael S. Majewski and Paul D. Capel.
KW  - PESTICIDES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MAJEWSKI, Michael S.
KW  - CAPEL, Paul D.
KW  - PESTICIDES in the Atmosphere (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879496; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Koxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p727; Subject Term: PESTICIDES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PESTICIDES in the Atmosphere (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; People: MAJEWSKI, Michael S.; People: CAPEL, Paul D.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Constuction Safety Planning (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 727
EP  - 727
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Construction Safety Planning," by David V. McCollum.
KW  - CONSTRUCTION industry
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MCCOLLUM, David V.
KW  - CONSTRUCTION Safety Planning (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879497; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p727; Thesaurus Term: CONSTRUCTION industry; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: CONSTRUCTION Safety Planning (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 236110 Residential building construction; People: MCCOLLUM, David V.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Risk Assessment for Veterinary Biologicals, Scientific and Technical Review, Vol. 14 (4) (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 727
EP  - 727
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Risk Assessment for Veterinary Biologicals, Scientific and Technical Review," vol. 14 (4).
KW  - VETERINARY biologicals
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - RISK Assessment for Veterinary Biologicals, Scientific & Technical Review (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879498; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p727; Subject Term: VETERINARY biologicals; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: RISK Assessment for Veterinary Biologicals, Scientific & Technical Review (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Energy, Environment and the Economy asian Perspectives (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 727
EP  - 728
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Energy, Environment and the Economy Asian Perspectives," edited by Paul R. Kleindorfer, Howard C. Kunreuther and David S. Kong.
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KLEINDORFER, Paul R.
KW  - KUNREUTHER, Howard, 1938-
KW  - KONG, David S.
KW  - ENERGY, Environment & the Economy: Asian Perspectives (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879499; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, oak Ridge National Laboratory, oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p727; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ENERGY, Environment & the Economy: Asian Perspectives (Book); People: KLEINDORFER, Paul R.; People: KUNREUTHER, Howard, 1938-; People: KONG, David S.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Forecast and Solution: Grappling with the Nuclear (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 728
EP  - 728
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Forecast and Solution: Grappling With the Nuclear," by Ike Jeanes.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - JEANES, Ike
KW  - FORECAST & Solution (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879500; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p728; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: FORECAST & Solution (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; People: JEANES, Ike; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Human Error Reduction and Safety Management Third Edition (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 728
EP  - 728
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Human Error Reduction and Safety Management," by Dan Peterson.
KW  - ERRORS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - PETERSON, Dan
KW  - HUMAN Error Reduction & Safety Management (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879501; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Divsion, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p728; Subject Term: ERRORS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: HUMAN Error Reduction & Safety Management (Book); People: PETERSON, Dan; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abramson, David
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Michalakes, John
AU  - Sosič, Rok
T1  - A New METHODOLOGY for DEBUGGING SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1996/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 77
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article focuses on relative debugging used for scientific applications and describes a particular instantiation of this methodology the relative debugger Guard and presents results of an experimental study in which Guard was applied to a large scientific code. The key idea in relative debugging is that errors in a new version of a program can be located by automated, run-time comparison of the internal state of the new and reference versions. Relative debugging appears to be particularly useful in a scientific computing context, because of the complexity of scientific models and the frequent need to adapt existing models to incorporate new physics, algorithms, or computational techniques. Authors applied Guard to a large scientific code, the MM5 mesoscale atmospheric model, and obtained very satisfactory results and used to verify that two versions of the sequential MM5 were functionally equivalent, and to isolate discrepancies between sequential and parallel versions of MM5. One important direction that will significantly increase its utility is support for the debugging of parallel programs.  INSETS: MM5.;MPMM..
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - PARALLEL programming (Computer science)
KW  - DEBUGGING in computer science
KW  - DATA editing
N1  - Accession Number: 12619920; Abramson, David 1; Email Address: D.Abramson@cit.gu.edu.au; Foster, Ian 2; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov; Michalakes, John 2; Email Address: michalak@mcs.anl.gov; Sosič, Rok 1; Email Address: R.Sosic@cit.gu.edu.au; Affiliations: 1: Griffith University, Australia.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Nov96, Vol. 39 Issue 11, p69; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Thesaurus Term: PARALLEL programming (Computer science); Subject Term: DEBUGGING in computer science; Subject Term: DATA editing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gelman, Andrew
AU  - Bois, Frederic
AU  - Jiming Jiang
T1  - Physiological Pharmacokinetic Analysis Using Population Modeling and Informative Prior Distributions.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1996/12//
VL  - 91
IS  - 436
M3  - Article
SP  - 1400
EP  - 1412
SN  - 01621459
AB  - We describe a general approach using Bayesian analysis for the estimation of parameters in physiological pharmacokinetic models. The chief statistical difficulty in estimation with these models is that any physiological model that is even approximately realistic will have a large number of parameters, often comparable to the number of observations in a typical pharmacokinetic experiment (e. g., 28 measurements and 15 parameters for each subject). In addition, the parameters are generally poorly identified, akin to the well-known ill-conditioned problem of estimating a mixture of declining exponentials. Our modeling includes (a) hierarchical population modeling, which allows partial pooling of information among different experimental subjects, (b) a pharmacokinetic model including compartments for well-perfused tissues, poorly perfused tissues, fat, and the liver, and (c) informative prior distributions for population parameters, which is possible because the parameters represent real physiological variables. We discuss how to estimate the models using Bayesian posterior simulation, a method that automatically includes the uncertainty inherent in estimating such a large number of parameters. We also discuss how to check model fit and sensitivity to the prior distribution using posterior predictive simulation. We illustrate the application to the toxicokinetics of tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene [PERC]), the problem that motivated this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - MEDICINE
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
KW  - DRUGS -- Toxicology
KW  - Bayesian methods
KW  - Hierarchical models
KW  - Informative prior distributions
KW  - Markov chain simulation
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Posterior predictive checks
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Tetrachloroethylene
KW  - Toxicokinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 9702145879; Gelman, Andrew 1; Bois, Frederic 2; Jiming Jiang 3; Affiliations: 1: Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York NY 10027; 2: Staff Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; 3: Assistant Professor, Department of Statistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106; Issue Info: Dec96, Vol. 91 Issue 436, p1400; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: MEDICINE; Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Subject Term: TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; Subject Term: DRUGS -- Toxicology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hierarchical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Informative prior distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chain simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pharmacokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Posterior predictive checks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetrachloroethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxicokinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 11048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Ronald J.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - The Role of Demand-Side Management in a Competitive Market
JO  - Pacific and Asian Journal of Energy
JF  - Pacific and Asian Journal of Energy
Y1  - 1996/12//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
SP  - 53
EP  - 63
SN  - 09703888
N1  - Accession Number: 0424926; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199709
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities          L95
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watanabe, Karen H.
AU  - Bois, Frédéric Y.
T1  - Interspecies Extrapolation of Physiological Pharmacokinetic Parameter Distributions.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 754
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Three methods (multiplicative, additive, and allometric) were developed to extrapolate physiological model parameter distributions across species, specifically from rats to humans. In the multiplicative approach, the rat model parameters are multiplied by the ratio of the mean values between humans and rats. Additive scaling of the distributions is defined by adding the difference between the average human value and the average rat value to each rat value. Finally, allometric scaling relies on established extrapolation relationships using power functions of body weight. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model was fitted independently to rat and human benzene disposition data. Human model parameters obtained by extrapolation and by fitting were used to predict the total bone marrow exposure to benzene and the quantity of metabolites produced in bone marrow. We found that extrapolations poorly predict the human data relative to the human model. In addition, the prediction performance depends largely on the quantity of interest. The extrapolated models underpredict bone marrow exposure to benzene relative to the human model. Yet, predictions of the quantity of metabolite produced in bone marrow are closer to the human model predictions. These results indicate that the multiplicative and allometric techniques were able to extrapolate the model parameter distributions, but also that rats do not provide a good kinetic model of benzene disposition in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - RATS
KW  - HUMAN beings
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - SPECIES
KW  - Benzene
KW  - interspecies extrapolation
KW  - Monte Carlo parameterization.
KW  - physiologically-based pharmacokinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 11782679; Watanabe, Karen H. 1; Bois, Frédéric Y. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: Dec96, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p741; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Subject Term: RATS; Subject Term: HUMAN beings; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: BENZENE; Subject Term: SPECIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzene; Author-Supplied Keyword: interspecies extrapolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo parameterization.; Author-Supplied Keyword: physiologically-based pharmacokinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, J. Arlin
AU  - Ferson, Scott
AU  - Ginzburg, Lev
T1  - Hybrid Processing of Stochastic and Subjective Uncertainty Data.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 785
EP  - 791
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Uncertainty analyses typically recognize separate stochastic and subjective sources of uncertainty, but do not systematically combine the two, although a large amount of data used in analyses is partly stochastic and partly subjective. We have developed methodology for mathematically combining stochastic and subjective sources of data uncertainty, based on new "hybrid number" approaches. The methodology can be utilized in conjunction with various traditional techniques, such as PRA (probabilistic risk assessment) and risk analysis decision support. Hybrid numbers have been previously examined as a potential method to represent combinations of stochastic and subjective information, but mathematical processing has been impeded by the requirements inherent in the structure of the numbers, e.g., there was no known way to multiply hybrids. In this paper, we will demonstrate methods for calculating with hybrid numbers that avoid the difficulties. By formulating a hybrid number as a probability distribution that is only fuzzily known, or alternatively as a random distribution of fuzzy numbers, methods are demonstrated for the full suite of arithmetic operations, permitting complex mathematical calculations. It will be shown how information about relative subjectivity (the ratio of subjective to stochastic knowledge about a particular datum) can be incorporated. Techniques are also developed for conveying uncertainty information visually, so that the stochastic and subjective components of the uncertainty, as well as the ratio of knowledge about the two, are readily apparent. The techniques demonstrated have the capability to process uncertainty information for independent, uncorrelated data, and for some types of dependent and correlated data. Example applications are suggested, illustrative problems are shown, and graphical results are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
KW  - FUZZY numbers
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - fuzzy
KW  - hybrid.
KW  - stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 11782683; Cooper, J. Arlin 1; Ferson, Scott 2; Ginzburg, Lev 3; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico  87185- 0490.; 2: Applied Biomathematics, 100 North Country Road, Setauket, New York 11733.; 3: State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794.; Issue Info: Dec96, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p785; Thesaurus Term: DATA analysis; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Subject Term: FUZZY numbers; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: fuzzy; Author-Supplied Keyword: hybrid.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Boyack, Kevin W.
AU  - Berman, Marshall
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
A2  - Wolfe, Joseph
A2  - Keys, J. Bernard
T1  - Prosperity Game to Teach Global Competitiveness to University Students
T2  - Business simulations, games and experiential learning in international business education
PB  - Journal of Teaching in International Business, Vol. 8, no. 4, 1997.
PB  - New York and London:
PB  - Haworth Press, International Business Press
Y1  - 1997///
SP  - 5
EP  - 19
N1  - Accession Number: 0518050; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7890-0041-5; 0-7890-0309-0; Keywords: Competitiveness;  Games;  Global; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200005
KW  - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics: Graduate          A23
KW  - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory: General          C70
KW  - Multinational Firms; International Business          F23
KW  - International Economic Order          F02
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Greenberg, Steve
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
A2  - de Almeida, Anibal
A2  - Bertoldi, Paolo
A2  - Leonhard, Werner
T1  - Electric Motor and Belt Retrofits: Measured Savings and Lessons Learned
T2  - Energy efficiency improvements in electric motors and drives
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1997///
SP  - 138
EP  - 148
N1  - Accession Number: 0521844; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-63068-6; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200005
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - Witt, C.E.
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.
AU  - Gee, J.M.
AU  - National Renewable Energy Laboratory [U.S.]
AU  - Sandia National Laboratories, National Photovoltaics Program [U.S.]
T1  - NREL/SNL Photovoltaics Program review: proceedings of the 14th conference- a joint meeting: Lakewood, Colorado, November 1996
JO  - NREL/SNL Photovoltaics Program review: proceedings of the 14th conference- a joint meeting: Lakewood, Colorado, November 1996
JF  - NREL/SNL Photovoltaics Program review: proceedings of the 14th conference- a joint meeting: Lakewood, Colorado, November 1996
Y1  - 1997///
M3  - Book
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SOLAR cells
N1  - Accession Number: MRB-MCS0141329; Witt, C.E.; Al-Jassim, M.; Gee, J.M.; National Renewable Energy Laboratory [U.S.]; Sandia National Laboratories, National Photovoltaics Program [U.S.]; Source Info: Woodbury, N.Y.: AIP Press, 1997; xiii, 918 p    ; Note: Publisher Information: AIP Press, Woodbury, N.Y.; Note: Includes bibliographical references and index; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Number of Pages: xiii, 918p; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - fxh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Peter N.
AU  - Walker, Homer F.
T1  - GMRES ON (NEARLY) SINGULAR SYSTEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1997/01//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 51
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - We consider the behavior of the GMRES method for solving a linear system Ax = b when A is singular or nearly so, i.e., ill conditioned. The (near) singularity of A may or may not affect the performance of GMRES, depending on the nature of the system and the initial approximate solution. For singular A, we give conditions under which the GMRES iterates converge safely to a least-squares solution or to the pseudoinverse solution. These results also apply to any residual minimizing Krylov subspace method that is mathematically equivalent to GMRES. A practical procedure is outlined for efficiently and reliably detecting singularity or ill conditioning when it becomes a threat to the performance of GMRES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - LINEAR differential equations
KW  - LINEAR algebras
KW  - gmres method
KW  - iterative linear algebra methods
KW  - krylov subspace methods
KW  - residual minimizing methods
KW  - singular or ill-conditioned linear systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13213299; Brown, Peter N. 1; Email Address: pnbrown@llnl.gov; Walker, Homer F. 2; Email Address: walker@math.usu.edu; Affiliations: 1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; 2: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-3900; Issue Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p37; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: LINEAR differential equations; Subject Term: LINEAR algebras; Author-Supplied Keyword: gmres method; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative linear algebra methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: krylov subspace methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: residual minimizing methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular or ill-conditioned linear systems; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, Stephen
T1  - STABILITY OF AUGMENTED SYSTEM FACTORIZATIONS IN INTERIOR-POINT METHODS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1997/01//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 222
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - Some implementations of interior-point algorithms obtain their search directions by solving symmetric indefinite systems of linear equations. The conditioning of the coefficient matrices in these so-called augmented systems deteriorates on later iterations, as some of the diagonal elements grow without bound. Despite this apparent difficulty, the steps produced by standard factorization procedures are often accurate enough to allow the interior-point method to converge to high accuracy. When the underlying linear program is nondegenerate, we show that convergence to arbitrarily high accuracy occurs, at a rate that closely approximates the theory. We also explain and demonstrate what happens when the linear program is degenerate, where convergence to acceptable accuracy (but not arbitrarily high accuracy) is usually obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - FACTORIZATION of operators
KW  - FACTORS (Algebra)
KW  - OPERATOR theory
KW  - INTERIOR-point methods
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - interior-point methods
KW  - symmetric indefinite matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 13213298; Wright, Stephen 1; Email Address: wright@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439; Issue Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p191; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: FACTORIZATION of operators; Subject Term: FACTORS (Algebra); Subject Term: OPERATOR theory; Subject Term: INTERIOR-point methods; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: interior-point methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetric indefinite matrices; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Lee, Russell
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Hohmeyer, Olav
A2  - Ottinger, Richard L.
A2  - Rennings, Klaus
T1  - Externalities Studies: Why Are the Numbers Different?
T2  - Social costs and sustainability: Valuation and implementation in the energy and transport sector: Proceedings of an international conference held at Ladenburg, Germany, May 27-30, 1995
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1997///
SP  - 13
EP  - 28
N1  - Accession Number: 0515747; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-60177-5; Keywords: Externalities; Geographic Descriptors: Selected Countries; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200005
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Externalities          D62
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Greene, David L.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Hohmeyer, Olav
A2  - Ottinger, Richard L.
A2  - Rennings, Klaus
T1  - The Cost of Transportation's Oil Dependence
T2  - Social costs and sustainability: Valuation and implementation in the energy and transport sector: Proceedings of an international conference held at Ladenburg, Germany, May 27-30, 1995
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1997///
SP  - 418
EP  - 430
N1  - Accession Number: 0515769; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-60177-5; Keywords: Oil;  Transportation; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Global; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200005
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
KW  - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q31
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrill, W. Andrew
T1  - Verification 1995: Arms Control, Peacekeeping and the Environment (Book).
JO  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
JF  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
Y1  - 1997/01//Jan-Mar97
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 120
SN  - 1057610X
AB  - Reviews the book "Verification 1995: Arms Control, Peacekeeping and the Environment," edited by J.B. Poole and R. Guthrie.
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - POOLE, J. B.
KW  - GUTHRIE, R.
KW  - VERIFICATION 1995 (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9705204806; Terrill, W. Andrew 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.;  Source Info: Jan-Mar97, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p120; Subject Term: ARMS race; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 873
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Greene, David L.
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AD  - Center for Transportation Analysis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Greene, David L.
A2  - Jones, Donald W.
A2  - Delucchi, Mark A.
T1  - The Full Costs and Benefits of Transportation: Conceptual and Theoretical Issues
T2  - The full costs and benefits of transportation: Contributions to theory, method and measurement
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1997///
SP  - 1
EP  - 26
N1  - Accession Number: 0522105; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-63123-2; Keywords: Transportation; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200005
KW  - Externalities          D62
KW  - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis          D61
KW  - Transportation Economics: General          R40
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Hoff, Thomas E.
AU  - Herig, Cristy
AD  - Stanford U and Pacific Energy Group
AD  - National Renewable Energy Laboratory
A2  - Awerbuch, Shimon
A2  - Preston, Alistair
T1  - Managing Risk Using Renewable Energy Technologies
T2  - The virtual utility: Accounting, technology and competitive aspects of the emerging industry
PB  - Topics in Regulatory Economics and Policy Series.
PB  - Boston; Dordrecht and London:
PB  - Kluwer Academic
Y1  - 1997///
SP  - 193
EP  - 213
N1  - Accession Number: 0518355; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7923-9902-1; Keywords: Energy;  Risk; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200005
KW  - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty          D81
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms          L11
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Bronzini, Michael S.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - Long, Stanley G.
T1  - Inland Waterways: Still or Turbulent Waters Ahead?
T2  - Transport at the millennium
PB  - Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 553.
PB  - Thousand Oaks, Calif.; London and New Delhi:
PB  - Sage Periodicals Press
Y1  - 1997///
SP  - 66
EP  - 74
N1  - Accession Number: 0525697; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7619-0864-1; 0-7619-0865-X; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200005
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
KW  - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation          L92
KW  - Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy          L98
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Quint, Thomas
AU  - Shubik, Martin
AU  - Yan, Dicky
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque
AD  - Cowles Foundation, Yale U
AD  - ATT Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ
A2  - Albers, Wulf
T1  - Dumb Bugs vs. Bright Noncooperative Players: A Comparison
T2  - Understanding strategic interaction: Essays in honor of Reinhard Selten
PB  - Edited with the help of Martin Strobel.
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1997///
SP  - 185
EP  - 197
N1  - Accession Number: 0516365 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-61490-7; Keywords: Noncooperative; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Festschrift: Selten, Reinhard; Update Code: 200005
KW  - Noncooperative Games          C72
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 105820191
T1  - Relationship of distance run per week to coronary heart disease risk factors in 8283 male runners. The National Runners' Health Study.
AU  - Williams PT
Y1  - 1997/01/27/
N1  - Accession Number: 105820191. Language: English. Entry Date: 20080307. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; research. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0372440. 
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Etiology
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Physiopathology
KW  - Exercise
KW  - Running
KW  - Adult
KW  - Blood Glucose -- Metabolism
KW  - Blood Pressure
KW  - Body Mass Index
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Blood
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Ethnology
KW  - Ethnic Groups -- Statistics and Numerical Data
KW  - Lipoproteins -- Blood
KW  - Male
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Regression
KW  - Risk Factors
KW  - Uric Acid -- Blood
KW  - Human
SP  - 191
EP  - 198
JO  - Archives of Internal Medicine
JF  - Archives of Internal Medicine
JA  - ARCH INTERN MED
VL  - 157
IS  - 2
CY  - Chicago, Illinois
PB  - American Medical Association
SN  - 0003-9926
AD  - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif, USA. PTWilliams@LBL.gov
U2  - PMID: 9009976.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
AU  - Carnes, Bruce A.
T1  - EVER SINCE GOMPERTZ.
JO  - Demography
JF  - Demography
Y1  - 1997/02//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
SN  - 00703370
AB  - This paper reviews the literature on British actuary, Benjamin Gompertz's law of mortality and discuss the importance of his observations and insights in light of research on aging that has taken place since then. The literature related to the Gompertz equation and his proposed law of mortality is extensive. Researchers focus on what they believe represents an important conceptual and methodological development that has occurred since Gompertz's initial observations over 170 years ago. In presenting the historical work researchers have attempted to retain as much of the original language as possible to preserve the intent of authors as well as to entertain readers. Although the language of Gompertz and his contemporaries is often cumbersome. It is important to recognize that the time frames Gompertz used for his calculations encompassed the majority of the observed range of survival for humans at that time because survival beyond age 60 or 70 was uncommon. After observing similar patterns of geometrical progression in other tables of mortality, Gompertz believed he had discovered a general law of mortality that linked arithmetic increases in age with geometric increases in death rates.
KW  - MORTALITY
KW  - SOCIAL scientists
KW  - SOCIAL science research
KW  - OLD age
KW  - DEATH
KW  - GOMPERTZ, Benjamin
N1  - Accession Number: 9712235469; Olshansky, S. Jay 1; Email Address: sjayo@cicero.spc.uchicago.edu; Carnes, Bruce A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 6098, Chicago, IL 60637.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Feb97, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MORTALITY; Subject Term: SOCIAL scientists; Subject Term: SOCIAL science research; Subject Term: OLD age; Subject Term: DEATH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; People: GOMPERTZ, Benjamin; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martell, Mary-Alena
AU  - Rechard, Rob P.
AU  - Sanchez, Larry C.
AU  - Tierney, Martin S.
T1  - Bounding Estimates for Critical Events When Directly Disposing Highly Enriched Spent Nuclear Fuel in Unsaturated Tuff.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/02//
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 35
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This paper examines the possibility of criticality in a nuclear waste repository. The estimated probabilities are rough bounds and do notentirely dismiss the possibility of a critical condition; however, they do point to the difficulty of creating conditions under which a critical mass could be assembled (i.e., corrosion of containers, separation of neutron absorbers from the fissile material and collapse or precipitation of the fissile material). In addition, should a criticality occur in or near a container, the bounding consequence calculations showed that fissions from one critical event are quite small (< ~1020 fissions, if similar to aqueous and metal accidents and experiments). Furthermore, a reasonable upper bound of total critical events of 1028 fissions corresponds to only 0.1% of the number of fissions represented by the spent nuclear fuel inventory in a repository containing 70,000 metric tons of heavy metal (MTHM) (the expected size for the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - CRITICALITY (Nuclear engineering)
KW  - VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - HEAVY metals
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - CRITICALITY
KW  - highly enriched spent nuclear fuel
KW  - NUCLEAR FUEL
KW  - Nuclear waste
KW  - nuclear waste repository
KW  - performance assessment.
KW  - Risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 8114809; Martell, Mary-Alena 1; Rechard, Rob P. 1; Sanchez, Larry C. 1; Tierney, Martin S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1328.;  Source Info: Feb97, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: CRITICALITY (Nuclear engineering); Subject Term: VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.; Subject Term: HEAVY metals; Subject: NEVADA; Author-Supplied Keyword: CRITICALITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: highly enriched spent nuclear fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: NUCLEAR FUEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear waste repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: performance assessment.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Galambos, J. D.
AU  - Holmes, J. A.
T1  - Efficient Treatment of Uncertainty in Numerical Optimization.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/02//
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 96
SN  - 02724332
AB  - We have combined the methods of probabilistic risk analysis and optimization to devise a technique suitable for the efficient treatment of uncertainties (or the effects of random fluctuations) in the designand analysis of mathematically describable processes. The key step is the approximation, by a multivariable Taylor series expansion, of the influence of random variables on the objective function. Statistical averaging of this expansion leads to a description of the objective function in terms of the moments of the random variables. Knowledgeor estimation of these moments allows the operation to be carried out using standard calculus based techniques. An example is with three variations to illustrate the use of this technique for nonlinear setsof equations and objective functions. The method presented here is applicable to process models in manufacturing, systems analysis, and risk analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - RANDOM variables
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - EVALUATION
KW  - optimization
KW  - process modeling.
KW  - process modeling. zation
KW  - Risk analysis
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Statistics
KW  - uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 8114812; Galambos, J. D. 1; Holmes, J. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Computational Physics and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge,; Issue Info: Feb97, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p93; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM variables; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: EVALUATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: process modeling.; Author-Supplied Keyword: process modeling. zation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greening, Lorna A.
AU  - Sanstad, Alan H.
AU  - McMahon, James E.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Effects of Appliance Standards on Product Price and Attributes: An Hedonic Pricing Model
JO  - Journal of Regulatory Economics
JF  - Journal of Regulatory Economics
Y1  - 1997/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
SP  - 181
EP  - 194
SN  - 0922680X
N1  - Accession Number: 0413435; Keywords: Appliances;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199706
N2  - The tradeoffs between energy efficiency gains and product attributes as a result of the implementation of federal energy performance standards are examined. Hedonic pricing relationships are used to estimate changes in standardized marginal attribute prices for freezer volumes, food volumes, and annual energy consumption for refrigerators and refrigerator/freezers. From 1987/88 to 1993, energy performance standards significantly reduced energy consumption and at the same time, a historical decline in "quality-adjusted" real prices continued without disruption and consumers appeared to experience a welfare gain as a result of improving levels of energy efficiency.
KW  - Economics of Regulation          L51
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
KW  - Appliances; Furniture; Other Consumer Durables          L68
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11149
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J. C.
AU  - Anderson, D. R.
AU  - Marietta, M. G.
AU  - Rechard, R. P.
T1  - Performance assessment for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant: From regulation to calculation for 40...
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1997/03//Mar/Apr97
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is being developed by the U.S. Department of Energy as a disposal facility for transuranic waste and must comply with several environmental regulations, including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's standard for geologic disposal of radioactive waste (40 CFR 191). Procedures used in recent performance assessments for the WJPP to translate regulations into a structure that facilitates quantitative analysis are described. Topics considered include (1) development of a clear conceptual representation for problems that are initially ill-defined, (2) conversion of qualitative guidance into numerical calculations, (3) explicit incorporation of different types of uncertainty (i.e., aleatory and epistemic) into analysis outcomes, (4) requirements for efficient computation and models at different levels of complexity, (5) use of sensitivity analysis to guide additional data collection and future calculations, (6) requirements for results to be presented and explained to audiences with different interests and levels of sophistication, and (7) ambiguity with respect to final uses of the analysis and its outcomes. The need to address similar concepts and problems arises in many analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - WASTE disposal sites
KW  - POLLUTION control industry
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL regulations
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - CARLSBAD (N.M.)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9708204804; Helton, J. C. 1; Anderson, D. R. 2; Marietta, M. G. 2; Rechard, R. P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico.; Issue Info: Mar/Apr97, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p157; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Thesaurus Term: WASTE disposal sites; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTION control industry; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL regulations; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject: NEW Mexico; Subject: CARLSBAD (N.M.); Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AU  - Baxter, Lester
AU  - Hadley, Stan
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Transition Costs: Estimation, Sensitivities, and Recovery
JO  - Resource and Energy Economics
JF  - Resource and Energy Economics
Y1  - 1997/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 29
EP  - 46
SN  - 09287655
N1  - Accession Number: 0434757; Keywords: Electricity; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199712
N2  - The pro-competitive, deregulatory forces sweeping the electricity industry could cost electric-utility shareholders $100-200 billion in transition costs. These potential losses reflect the difference between regulated prices for electricity generation and the prices that might occur in a fully competitive power market.This paper discusses alternative ways to calculate transition costs, focusing on differences between aggregate (top-down) vs. disaggregate (bottom-up) methods to calculate these losses. The paper also discusses the relative importance of different factors that determine transition-cost amounts and the strategies that utilities and their regulators can use to address these potential losses.
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Economics of Regulation          L51
KW  - Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy          L98
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09287655
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schipper, Lee
AU  - Scholl, Lynn
AU  - Price, Lynn
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley Natl Laboratory and Intl Energy Agency, Paris
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Energy Use and Carbon Emissions from Freight in 10 Industrialized Countries: An Analysis of Trends from 1973 to 1992
JO  - Transportation Research: Part D: Transport and Environment
JF  - Transportation Research: Part D: Transport and Environment
Y1  - 1997/03//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
SP  - 57
EP  - 76
SN  - 13619209
N1  - Accession Number: 0535510; Keywords: Emissions; Geographic Descriptors: Selected Countries; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200010
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation          L92
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Lamberth, C.;
T1  - Intramolecular C-glycosylation of a novel carbohydrate-derived phosphinite
CT  - Intramolecular C-glycosylation of a novel carbohydrate-derived phosphinite
JO  - Die Pharmazie (Germany)
JF  - Die Pharmazie (Germany)
Y1  - 1997/04/01/
VL  - 52
IS  - Apr
SP  - 325
EP  - 326
SN  - 00317144
AD  - Biosci. Dept., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA Reprints: Sandoz Ltd., Res. Dept. 94/303, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
N1  - Accession Number: 35-02863; Language: English; Journal Coden: PHARAT; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Chemistry
KW  - Phosphinites--synthesis--intramolecular C glycosylation;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, R. F.
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
T1  - Effects of Acidic Precipitation and Ectomycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth, Mineral Nutrition, and Xylem Water Potential of Juvenile Loblolly Pine and White Oak.
JO  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
JF  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Y1  - 1997/04/10/
VL  - 5
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 49
SN  - 10549811
AB  - Individual and interactive effects of simulated acidic rainfall and mycorrhizal inoculation on growth and nutrient and water relations of loblolly pine (Pinus taedaL.) and white oak (Quercus albaL.) grown in a loam soil were examined. Seedlings of each species inoculated with basidiospores of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius(Pers.) Coker and Couch, a known my-cobiont of both loblolly pine and white oak, and uninoculated control seedlings received two simulated rains per week of either pH 3.6, 4.2, or 4.8 for 26 weeks. Higher acidity rainfall reduced the growth but increased mycorrhizal colonization of loblolly pine, while both loblolly pine and white oak exposed to these rains exhibited greater foliar injury. Inoculation with P. tinctoriusincreased growth and reduced foliar injury of both species. Foliar concentrations of P, S, and Cu in loblolly pine and white oak, Ca in loblolly pine, and Fe and Zn in white oak decreased with increasing rain acidity while the Al concentration of both species increased. Higher rainfall acidity also reduced soil pH and Ca and Mg concentrations while increasing soil AI. Foliage of inoculated seedlings of both species had higher N and P concentrations and lower Al concentrations than control seedlings. Following the final rain applications, a drought cycle was simulated by withholding irrigation for two weeks during which seedling xylem pressure potential and soil water potential were measured. One day after cessation of irrigation, xylem pressure potential of loblolly pine that had received pH 3.6 rains was lower than that of other treatments. Thereafter, xylem pressure potential and soil water potential of the inoculated treatment decreased below those of the control treatment in both species. These results suggest that acid deposition is detrimental to juvenile loblolly pine and white oak, but the magnitude of this effect is less than the positive response to ectomycorrhizal inoculation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sustainable Forestry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75949749; Walker, R. F. 1; McLaughlin, S. B. 2; Affiliations: 1 : University of Nevada, Reno, Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV, 89512, USA; 2 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1059, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA;  Source Info: Apr1997, Vol. 5 Issue 3/4, p27; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J091v05n03_03
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107337980
T1  - Evidence for the incompatibility of age-neutral overweight and age-neutral physical activity standards from runners.
AU  - Williams PT
Y1  - 1997/05//
N1  - Accession Number: 107337980. Language: English. Entry Date: 19970901. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Supported in part by grant HL-45652 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and by grant DE-AC03-76F000098 from the Department of Energy to the University of California. NLM UID: 0376027. 
KW  - Aging
KW  - Body Weight
KW  - Exercise
KW  - Running
KW  - Weight Gain
KW  - Diet
KW  - Adipose Tissue Distribution
KW  - Body Mass Index
KW  - Body Composition
KW  - Diet Records
KW  - Cross Sectional Studies
KW  - Linear Regression
KW  - Multiple Linear Regression
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Adult
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Male
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 1391
EP  - 1396
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JA  - AM J CLIN NUTR
VL  - 65
IS  - 5
CY  - Bethesda, Maryland
PB  - American Society for Nutrition
AB  - In contrast with earlier versions, the 1995 Dietary Guidelines for Americans uses the same definition of overweight for both younger and older adults. These guidelines state that prevention of weight gain at any age is achievable by balancing food intake with physical activity. The purposes of our study were to assess 1) whether vigorous exercise prevents weight gain with age, and 2) whether weight maintenance and an age-neutral adult overweight standard are consistent with a constant activity level over time. These hypotheses were tested in a national cross-sectional survey of 4769 and 2150 male runners aged 18-49 y and > 49 y, respectively. Before age 50 y, the rates at which body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) and waist circumference increased in association with age were the same in shorter-distance (< 16 km/wk) and longer-distance (> 80 km/wk) runners. Regardless of weekly running distance, before age 50 y, BMI increased at (+/-SE) 0.045 +/- 0.006 kg.m-2.y-1 and waist circumference increased at 0.186 +/- 0.014 cm/y. The percentage of runners who were moderately overweight (BMI > or = 25) was 21.5% before age 30 y and 30.1% in those between 45 and 49 y old. Men who ran greater distances were nevertheless leaner because weekly running distance was inversely related to BMI (slope +/- SE: -0.033 +/- 0.002 kg/m2 per km/wk) and waist circumference (-0.083 +/- 0.004 cm.km-1.wk-1). To be consistent, guidelines should either 1) recommend substantial increases in physical activity over time when promoting an age-neutral adult overweight standard, or 2) accept an age-adjusted overweight standard when recommending a constant level of physical activity over time. (C) 1997 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
SN  - 0002-9165
AD  - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 934 Berkeley, CA 94720. E-mail: PTWilliams@LBL.gov
U2  - PMID: 9129467.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, R. T.
AU  - Ashwood, T. L.
AU  - Sleeman, J. M.
T1  - Mercury in Hair of Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) and Mink (Mustela vison) from the U. S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1997/05//
VL  - 58
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 720
EP  - 725
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study on the mercury levels conducted on Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) in the Ridge and Valley physiographic province in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The study is to determine the mercury levels with the use of the hair in muskrats and mink inhabiting contaminated sites on the ORR and to compare these levels to those found in animals from surrounding areas. The hair was chosen to monitor mercury levels for it is easily collected from live animals and its mercury levels have been correlated to the more biologically important kidney and liver mercury levels in several species. The study reveals the muskrats are tolerant of mercury contamination that would provide potential use of muskrats and indicators of environmental contamination.
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Nature conservation
KW  - Endangered species
KW  - Muskrat
KW  - American mink
KW  - Hair
KW  - Oak Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - Tennessee
N1  - Accession Number: 15730470; Stevens, R. T. 1; Ashwood, T. L. 2; Sleeman, J. M. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505, USA; 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; 3 : Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee 37901, USA;  Source Info: May97, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p720; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Nature conservation; Thesaurus Term: Endangered species; Subject Term: Muskrat; Subject Term: American mink; Subject Term: Hair; Subject: Oak Ridge (Tenn.); Subject: Tennessee; Number of Pages: 06p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esposito, Franca
AU  - Cuccovillo, Franca
AU  - Vanoni, Marco
AU  - Cimino, Filiberto
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Russo, Tommaso
T1  - Redox-mediated regulation of p21waf1/cip1 expression involves a post-transcriptional mechanism and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1997/05//5/1/97
VL  - 245
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 730
EP  - 737
SN  - 00142956
AB  - p21waf1/cip1 gene expression is induced by DNA damage in cells with wild-type p53 and contributes to the arrest of cell growth. It was demonstrated that under many experimental conditions, including oxidative stress, p21waf1/cip1 expression can be induced through p53-independent pathways. Since most of these experimental conditions induce the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and thus its activation, we evaluated p21waf1/cip1 mRNA levels in cells exposed to an oxidative stress, induced by diethylmaleate (Et2Mal), and in which the MAPK pathway was blocked. The expression of a dominant-negative mutant of MEK, the MAPK kinase that phosphorylates and activates MAPK, and of a dominant-negative [Asn17]Ras mutant prevented the Et2Mal-induced accumulation of p21waf1/cip1 mRNA. Similarly, the expression of MEK and of [Asn17]Ras mutants decreased the 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-mediated p21waf1/cip1 induction. Furthermore, TPA-induced and serum-induced p21waf1/cip1 mRNA accumulation was blocked by pretreating the cells with the antioxidant compound N-acetyleysteine, suggesting that oxidative stress is involved in these responses. p21waf1/cip1 mRNA levels reached a maximum within 2 h of adding Et2Mal or TPA; however, the rate of trascription from a p21waf1/cip1-promoter construct did not increase during this period. In contrast, cells treated with actomycin D show an increase of p21waf1/cip1 mRNA stability after Et2Mal treatment. This result suggests that the increase in p21waf1/cip1 mRNA at early times results from post-transcriptional regulatory events. Longer exposure to TPA may activate p21waf1/cip1 gene transcription through an Sp1-dependent mechanism, while Et2Mal treatment gradually inhibits p21waf1/cip gene transcription through oxidative changes that affect Sp1 binding to DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES
KW  - P53 protein
KW  - DNA-binding proteins
KW  - MITOGENS
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - mitogen-activated protein kinase
KW  - p21waf1/cip1
KW  - p53
KW  - reactive oxygen species
N1  - Accession Number: 12941985; Esposito, Franca 1; Cuccovillo, Franca 1; Vanoni, Marco 2; Cimino, Filiberto 1; Anderson, Carl W. 3; Appella, Ettore 4; Russo, Tommaso 1; Email Address: russoto@ds.unina.it; Source Information: 5/1/97, Vol. 245 Issue 3, p730; Subject: PROTEIN kinases; Subject: PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES; Subject: P53 protein; Subject: DNA-binding proteins; Subject: MITOGENS; Subject: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: mitogen-activated protein kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: p21waf1/cip1; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactive oxygen species; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wheeler, Timothy A.
AU  - Gawande, Kishore
AU  - Bespalko, Stephen
T1  - Development of Risk-Based Ranking Measures of Effectiveness for the United States Coast Guard's Vessel Inspection Program.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 340
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This paper describes the results of an analysis of the effectivenessof the U.S. Coast Guard's efforts to promote the safety of life and property at sea through its program to inspect large, ocean-going vessels. The effectiveness of specific U.S. Coast Guard vessel inspection activities was evaluated using risk-based metrics that linked categories of root causes of accidents to the particular inspection activities designed to reduce the risk of each root cause category. The results demonstrate a risk based ranking of USCG inspection activities. These metrics, describes as measures of effectiveness (MOEs), yield insights regarding the most beneficial areas in which to concentrate inspection resources. Insights regarding quality of vessel casualty investigation data and database design as related to risk-based importance analysis are also discussed. The MOEs constructed in this study are specific to the USCG's Marine Inspection and Boarding Program, butthe methodology of the study is based on sound theoretical principles that are probably applicable to a range of maritime safety activities. Hence the methodology applies equally to other important governmental regulatory programs and can be similarly used to measure their effectiveness and as an aid to decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - VERSIFICATION
KW  - ACCIDENTS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - importance measures
KW  - Maritime safety
KW  - measures of effectiveness
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - risk.
KW  - transportation risk
KW  - United States Coast Guard
KW  - Vessel inspection
KW  - UNITED States. Coast Guard
N1  - Accession Number: 8114838; Wheeler, Timothy A. 1,2; Gawande, Kishore 3; Bespalko, Stephen 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico.; 2: Department 6626, MS 0720, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; 3: Departments of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.; Issue Info: Jun97, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p333; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: DATABASES; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: VERSIFICATION; Subject Term: ACCIDENTS; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: importance measures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maritime safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: measures of effectiveness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk.; Author-Supplied Keyword: transportation risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: United States Coast Guard; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vessel inspection ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Coast Guard; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926120 Regulation and Administration of Transportation Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, C. Paul
AU  - Bailey, Kathleen C.
T1  - To Zero or Not to Zero: A US Perspective on Nuclear Disarmament.
JO  - Security Dialogue
JF  - Security Dialogue
Y1  - 1997/06//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 158
SN  - 09670106
AB  - The article examines the impact of total nuclear disarmament and nuclear deterrence on the security interests and policies of the U.S. Nuclear deterrence provides security and stability in the face of emerging and traditional threats. The authors explain that total disarmament would make the country vulnerable to the nuclear and biological weapons threats of other countries. The authors discuss Russia's continuing chemical- and biological-weapons programs, as well as Iraq's continuing ballistic-missile program.
KW  - NUCLEAR disarmament
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - BIOLOGICAL weapons
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
KW  - UNITED States -- Security measures
KW  - RUSSIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - IRAQ
N1  - Accession Number: 27548072; Robinson, C. Paul 1; Bailey, Kathleen C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA;  Source Info: Jun97, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p149; Subject Term: NUCLEAR disarmament; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL weapons; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Subject Term: UNITED States -- Security measures; Subject: RUSSIA; Subject: UNITED States; Subject: IRAQ; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dietderich, D.R.
AU  - Scanlan, R.M.
T1  - Nb/sub 3/Sn artificial pinning microstructures.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 1997/06/02/
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1201
EP  - 1204
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Extension of the APC approach to Nb/sub 3/Sn requires that a second phase be incorporated into the Nb/sub 3/Sn layer. The second phase would increase pinning strength by either reducing the grain size or by the second phase pinning the flux itself. The following criteria for elements to be candidates for the APC approach are: (1) they must form intermetallic compounds with Cu or Sn and (2) they must have negligible solubility in Cu and Nb or they must be strong oxide formers. Many of the rare earth elements satisfy these criteria. To circumvent the large strains required to produce wires with a fine distribution of the second phase, film deposition techniques have been used. Critical current densities for Nb films doped with Ti and Y are about 4000 A/mm/sup 2/ at 6T and 4.2K. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - TIN compounds
KW  - NIOBIUM compounds
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - artificial pinning microstructures
KW  - Conductive films
KW  - critical current densities
KW  - Critical current density
KW  - critical current density (superconductivity)
KW  - crystal microstructure
KW  - film deposition techniques
KW  - flux pinning
KW  - grain size
KW  - Intermetallic
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Nb/sub 3/Sn
KW  - Niobium
KW  - niobium alloys
KW  - Niobium-tin
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - pinning strength
KW  - superconducting thin films
KW  - Tin
KW  - tin alloys
KW  - type II superconductors
KW  - Wires
N1  - Accession Number: 93047020; Dietderich, D.R. 1; Scanlan, R.M.; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA, USA; Issue Info: 1997, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p1201; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: TIN compounds; Subject Term: NIOBIUM compounds; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: artificial pinning microstructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductive films; Author-Supplied Keyword: critical current densities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current density; Author-Supplied Keyword: critical current density (superconductivity); Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: film deposition techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: flux pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain size; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laboratories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb/sub 3/Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium; Author-Supplied Keyword: niobium alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium-tin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: pinning strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin; Author-Supplied Keyword: tin alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: type II superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wires; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/77.620719
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reed, Richard
AU  - Lemak, David J.
AU  - Hesser, W. Andrew
T1  - CLEANING UP AFTER THE COLD WAR: MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL ISSUES.
JO  - Academy of Management Review
JF  - Academy of Management Review
Y1  - 1997/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 614
EP  - 642
PB  - Academy of Management
SN  - 03637425
AB  - For many years the primary focus of the U.S. nuclear weapons complex was the production of nuclear materials and weapons, but, with the end of the Cold War, its mission has been changed to one of environmental cleanup. This dramatic shift in mission means that the complex is facing new internal and external problems that are forcing organizational change. In this article we examine the weapons complex through the lens of systems-based models of organization, and we find that the complex has moved from a closed to an open system. We also deduce that by remaining with a rational system, rather than moving to a natural system, the transition to the new mission is being made more difficult than it perhaps should be; this point becomes apparent through discussions on the specific problems that the complex is facing in the related areas of organization-culture change, the public's health-fears, and the management of risk. Our intent in this article is to draw attention to these management and social issues and to identify areas where there is a need for theoretical and empirical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Academy of Management Review is the property of Academy of Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIZATIONAL change
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - RISK management in business
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - ECONOMIC conversion of defense industries
KW  - ORGANIZATIONAL sociology research
KW  - POLITICAL economic analysis
KW  - MILITARY-industrial complex
KW  - CLEANUP of radioactive waste sites
KW  - NUCLEAR disarmament
KW  - POST-Cold War period
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9708210721; Reed, Richard 1; Lemak, David J. 2; Hesser, W. Andrew 3; Affiliations: 1: Associate professor of management, Washington State University and a Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory affiliate staff scientist; 2: Assistant professor of management, Washington State University (Tri-Cities campus) and a Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory affiliate staff scientist; 3: Head of the Baseline Development and Integration Section of the Waste Disposal Integration Team at Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jul97, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p614; Thesaurus Term: ORGANIZATIONAL change; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT; Thesaurus Term: RISK management in business; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS theory; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMIC conversion of defense industries; Thesaurus Term: ORGANIZATIONAL sociology research; Thesaurus Term: POLITICAL economic analysis; Thesaurus Term: MILITARY-industrial complex; Subject Term: CLEANUP of radioactive waste sites; Subject Term: NUCLEAR disarmament; Subject Term: POST-Cold War period; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541612 Human Resources Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 29p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.5465/AMR.1997.9708210721
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fisher-Vanden, K. A.
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC, and Harvard U
T1  - Carbon Taxes and India
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 1997/07//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
SP  - 289
EP  - 325
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0425928 Partial authors List; ; Geographic Descriptors: India; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199710
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greening, Lorna A.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U CA, Berkeley
T1  - Comparison of Six Decomposition Methods: Application to Aggregate Energy Intensity for Manufacturing in Ten OECD Countries
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 1997/07//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
SP  - 375
EP  - 390
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0425932 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: Selected MDCs; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199710
N2  - The work presented here compares six different methods of aggregate energy intensity decomposition applied to the same set of data, for the manufacturing sector in 10 OECD countries from 1970 to 1992. We compare the six methods on the basis of the size of the residual term, the variability of that term, and the ease of implementation of the method; the comparison of these properties is necessary for the eventual development of a forecasting tool. Based on a comparison of the size of the residual term and the variation in the term over time the adaptive weighting Divisia, in either a fixed year or a rolling year specification, is most robust, exhibiting the smallest residual term with the least variation.
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Day, David
T1  - AN EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NONSYMMETRIC LANCZOS ALGORITHM.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1997/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
EP  - 589
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - Lanczos vectors computed in finite precision arithmetic by the three-term recurrence tend to lose their mutual biorthogonality. One either accepts this loss and takes more steps or re-biorthogonalizes the Lanczos vectors at each step. For the symmetric case, there is a compromise approach. This compromise, known as maintaining semiorthogonality, minimizes the cost of reorthogonalization. This paper extends the compromise to the two-sided Lanczos algorithm and justifies the new algorithm. The compromise is called maintaining semiduality. An advantage of maintaining semiduality is that the computed tridiagonal is a perturbation of a matrix that is exactly similar to the appropriate projection of the given matrix onto the computed subspaces. Another benefit is that the simple two-sided Gram­Schmidt procedure is a viable way to correct for loss of duality. A numerical experiment is included in which our Lanczos code is significantly more efficient than Arnoldi's method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - ARITHMETIC -- Foundations
KW  - BIORTHOGONAL systems
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - biorthogonalization methods
KW  - breakdown
KW  - lanczos algorithm
KW  - sparse eigenvalue problems
N1  - Accession Number: 13213308; Day, David 1; Email Address: dday@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Applied and Numerical Math, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-5800; Issue Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p566; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: ARITHMETIC -- Foundations; Subject Term: BIORTHOGONAL systems; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: biorthogonalization methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: breakdown; Author-Supplied Keyword: lanczos algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse eigenvalue problems; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Ballinger, Jeffrey
AU  - Weisel, Thomas W.
AU  - Sommers, William P.
AU  - Clark Jr., Woodrow W.
AU  - Welsh, Kelly
AU  - Conrad, W. Richard
AU  - Cullen, James G.
AU  - Windsor, Donald A.
T1  - Readers Report.
JO  - BusinessWeek
JF  - BusinessWeek
Y1  - 1997/07/28/
IS  - 3537
M3  - Letter
SP  - 10
EP  - 12
PB  - Bloomberg, L.P.
SN  - 00077135
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "The Digital Frontier," in the June 23, 1997 issue, "Nike Hasn't Scrubbed Its Image Yet," in the July 7, 1997 issue, and "Love Among the Heavyweights," in the July 14, 1997 issue.
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - EXPLOITATION of humans
KW  - LEAKS (Disclosure of information)
KW  - NIKE Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 19203438; Ballinger, Jeffrey; Weisel, Thomas W. 1; Sommers, William P. 2; Clark Jr., Woodrow W. 3; Welsh, Kelly 4; Conrad, W. Richard 5; Cullen, James G. 6; Windsor, Donald A.; Affiliations: 1: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Montgomery Securities, San Francisco; 2: Chief Executive Officer, SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif.; 3: Manager, Strategic Planning, Energy Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, Calif.; 4: Executive Vice-President and General Counsel Ameritech Corp., Chicago; 5: President, New York/New Jersey, Metropolitan Region, Bell Atlantic Nynex Mobile Inc., Orangeburg, N.Y.; 6: Vice-Chairman Bell Atlantic Corp. Arlington, Va.; Issue Info: 07/28/97, Issue 3537, p10; Thesaurus Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: EXPLOITATION of humans; Subject Term: LEAKS (Disclosure of information) ; Company/Entity: NIKE Inc. DUNS Number: 050957364 Ticker: NKE; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1320
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kilman, David G.
AU  - Forslund, David W.
T1  - An International Collaboratory Based on Virtual Patient Records.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1997/08//
VL  - 40
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
EP  - 117
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Virtual patient records will impact health care internationally the way the Internet and the World Wide Web transformed global communications. At the same time that political and sociological conditions are causing a revolution in health care, advanced technologies promise to introduce changes even more radical. Health care has long lagged far behind other industries in adopting information technologies. More recently, pressures to better manage rising costs have generated an intense interest in how the latest computing technologies can help. Virtual patient records are virtual in the sense they provide a view of data possibly configured differently at different locations, but united together into a common format for viewing at the required time. Virtual patient records provide a user with virtual access to data possibly scattered around the world. This principle of accessing information on demand from a distributed pool of resources is analogous to the way virtual memory creates larger memory spaces by accessing supplemental storage only when required.
KW  - WORLD Wide Web
KW  - MEDICAL care
KW  - INFORMATION resources
KW  - VIRTUAL storage (Computer science)
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - MEDICAL records
KW  - INTERNET in medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 12571779; Kilman, David G. 1; Email Address: kilmand@lanl.gov; Forslund, David W. 2; Email Address: dwf@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Assistant Research Scientist, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.; 2: Deputy Director, Advanced Computing Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.; Issue Info: Aug1997, Vol. 40 Issue 8, p111; Thesaurus Term: WORLD Wide Web; Thesaurus Term: MEDICAL care; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION resources; Thesaurus Term: VIRTUAL storage (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: MEDICAL records; Subject Term: INTERNET in medicine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bryson, Maurice C.
T1  - Compliance Quantified: An Introduction to Data Verification.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1997/09//
VL  - 92
IS  - 439
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1222
EP  - 1222
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews the book "Compliance Quantified: An Introduction to Data Verification," by Rudolf Avenhaus and Morton J. Canty.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - AVENHAUS, Rudolf
KW  - CANTY, Morton J.
KW  - COMPLIANCE Quantified: An Introduction to Data Verification (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9710132481; Bryson, Maurice C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory and U.S. Department of Energy.; Issue Info: Sep97, Vol. 92 Issue 439, p1222; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: COMPLIANCE Quantified: An Introduction to Data Verification (Book); People: AVENHAUS, Rudolf; People: CANTY, Morton J.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poyer, David A.
AU  - Henderson, Lenneal
AU  - Teotia, Arvind P. S.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - U Baltimore
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Residential Energy Consumption across Different Population Groups: Comparative Analysis for Latino and Non-Latino Households in USA
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 1997/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
SP  - 445
EP  - 463
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0440976; Keywords: Energy;  Households; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199803
KW  - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis          D12
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination          J15
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bjornstad, David
AU  - Cummings, Ronald
AU  - Osborne, Laura
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - GA State U
AD  - GA State U
T1  - A Learning Design for Reducing Hypothetical Bias in the Contingent Valuation Method
JO  - Environmental and Resource Economics
JF  - Environmental and Resource Economics
Y1  - 1997/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
SP  - 207
EP  - 221
SN  - 09246460
N1  - Accession Number: 0433932; Keywords: Contingent Valuation; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199712
KW  - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources          Q26
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10640
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UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10640
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Heine, James
T1  - Mintzberg on Management Education.
JO  - Leader to Leader
JF  - Leader to Leader
Y1  - 1997///Fall1997
VL  - 1997
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
SN  - 10878149
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about a criticism on the master of business administration degree in the U.S.
KW  - MASTER of business administration degree
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 18478645; Heine, James 1; Affiliations: 1: Plant Manager, Utility Systems, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Fall1997, Vol. 1997 Issue 6, p5; Thesaurus Term: MASTER of business administration degree; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Nero Jr., Anthony V.
T1  - Breast Cancer, Radon, and Brassieres???
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 525
EP  - 526
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor discussing the risks associated with breast cancer.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - BREAST cancer
N1  - Accession Number: 15108485; Nero Jr., Anthony V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Building 90-Room 3058 Berkeley, California 94720; Issue Info: Oct97, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p525; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, David E.
AU  - Metz, William C.
T1  - The Effect of Decisions About Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage on Residential Property Values.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 571
EP  - 582
SN  - 02724332
AB  - National, regional, state, and local surveys have revealed that people have intensely negative images of 'nuclear' and 'radioactive' technologies, activities, and facilities, as well as associated fears of stigmatization. In light of these perceptions, the debate over where to temporarily store or permanently dispose of spent nuclear fuel (atthe reactor site, an interim storage facility, or a permanent repository) provokes immense concern among possible host jurisdictions. To address these concerns, one needs to know if people's subjective opinions conform with the choices they make and are therefore reflected in their economic behavior. Argonne National Laboratory researchers used a hedonic model to complete a study of residential property value dynamics over a 5-year period within a 15-mile radius of two California nuclear power plants. They tracked the economic ramifications of decisions about the spent nuclear fuel stored at those reactors. The study revealed that no significant negative effects on residential property values resulted from a decision to move spent nuclear fuel fromwet storage to a dry-cask storage facility or from a request to extend the reactor operating permit (given future changes in the type of nuclear fuel storage facility that would accompany such an extension). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - NUCLEAR hazards insurance
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - STORAGE facilities
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - behavior.
KW  - Congress
KW  - Economics
KW  - Fuel storage
KW  - Human behavior
KW  - Perception
KW  - perceptions
KW  - residential property
KW  - Residential property value
KW  - Risk
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - spent nuclear fuel
N1  - Accession Number: 8114869; Clark, David E. 1; Metz, William C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Decision and Information Sciences Division, Bldg. 900, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; 2: Department of Economics, Marquette University, Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881.; Issue Info: Oct97, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p571; Thesaurus Term: POWER plants; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC power production; Thesaurus Term: NUCLEAR hazards insurance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Subject Term: STORAGE facilities; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: behavior.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Congress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Economics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perception; Author-Supplied Keyword: perceptions; Author-Supplied Keyword: residential property; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residential property value; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: spent nuclear fuel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107254919
T1  - Interactive effects of exercise, alcohol, and vegetarian diet on coronary artery disease risk factors in 9242 runners: the National Runners' Health Study.
AU  - Williams PT
Y1  - 1997/11//
N1  - Accession Number: 107254919. Language: English. Entry Date: 19980401. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Supported in part by grants HL-45652 and HL55640 from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and grant DE-AC03-76SF00098 from the Department of Energy. NLM UID: 0376027. 
KW  - Alcohol Drinking
KW  - Vegetarianism
KW  - Diet
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Etiology
KW  - Lipoproteins, HDL Cholesterol
KW  - Body Mass Index
KW  - Running
KW  - Meat
KW  - Cardiovascular Risk Factors
KW  - Sex Factors
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Prevention and Control
KW  - Blood Pressure
KW  - Comparative Studies
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Statistical Significance
KW  - Test-Retest Reliability
KW  - Multiple Regression
KW  - Adult
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Female
KW  - Male
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 1197
EP  - 1206
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JA  - AM J CLIN NUTR
VL  - 66
IS  - 5
CY  - Bethesda, Maryland
PB  - American Society for Nutrition
AB  - In a national survey, 199 male and 152 female vegetarian runners and 7054 male and 1837 female omnivorous runners provided data on weekly intakes of alcohol, red meat, fish, and fruit, and weekly distance run. This information was compared with physician-supplied medical data to test whether 1) running benefits vegetarians, 2) alcohol and running distance contribute independently to concentrations of high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and 3) running mitigates the hypertensive effects of alcohol. Greater reported weekly distance run by vegetarians was associated with greater HDL-cholesterol concentrations [slopes +/- SEs for men and women, respectively: 0.003 +/- 0.001 and 0.005 +/- 0.002 (mmol/L)/km] and lower waist (-0.06 +/- 0.02 and-0.08 +/- 0.02 cm/km), hip (-0.05 +/- 0.03 and -0.07 +/- 0.02 cm/km), and chest (-0.05 +/- 0.02 cm/km for both) circumferences. In men and women, alcohol and running distance contributed independently to higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Men who ran > 72 km and drank > 177 mL (6 oz) alcohol/wk were five times more likely to have clinically defined high HDL cholesterol (> or = 1.55 mmol/L, or > or = 60 mg/dL) than were nondrinkers running < 24 km/wk. Regardless of running level, men's blood pressure increased in association with alcohol intake. These data suggest that 1) running distance in vegetarians and vegans has the same relation to HDL cholesterol (increasing) and adiposity (decreasing) as reported previously for omnivores, 2) alcohol and running distance contribute independently to higher HDL cholesterol, and 3) running does not abate the hypertensive effects of alcohol in men. Also, vigorous exercise provides important health benefits beyond those obtained by diet. Copyright (c) 1997 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
SN  - 0002-9165
AD  - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 934, Berkeley, CA 94720; e-mail: PTWilliams@LBL.gov
U2  - PMID: 9356539.
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=107254919&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Kostuk, Joanne M.
AU  - Gibbs, Mitchell H.
AU  - Napolitano, Guillermo E.
AU  - Wicker, Linda F.
AU  - Richmond, Jacqueline E.
AU  - Stewart, Arthur J.
T1  - MULTISPECIES TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF COMPOST PRODUCED IN BIOREMEDIATION OF AN EXPLOSIVES-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 1997/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2529
EP  - 2537
SN  - 07307268
AB  - A multispecies terrestrial test system was used to assess the environmental effectiveness of composting for bioremediation of explosives-contaminated soils. The assessment involved comparing biological responses, from the individual to the community level, in remediated and reference composts. A 6-month greenhouse study incorporated two soil invertebrate species, three plant species and an associated symbiont, and the naturally occurring complement of soil microorganisms. Measured parameters included growth and reproduction of earthworms and isopods; soil mite diversity; soil lipid class composition as an indicator of soil microbial community structure; plant growth, photosynthesis, and reproduction; and root nodulation and symbiotic N2 fixation. Additional short-term toxicity tests of seed germination and earthworm survival were performed to supplement the mesocosm data. Compost prepared from the explosives-contaminated soil inhibited several aspects of plant growth and physiology, but few adverse effects on soil invertebrates were detected. An initial lag in earthworm and isopod reproduction occurred in the reference compost, reflecting some inherent compost differences not associated with contamination, and highlighting the importance and the difficulty of finding appropriate reference soils for assessing hazardous waste sites or remediation technologies. Nonetheless, the results from this study suggested some nonlethal effects from the contaminated-soil compost, primarily to plants. The mesocosm methodology used in this study can bridge the gap between traditional short-term toxicity testing and longer term field assessments, and provide information on ecological effects by explicitly including measurements of multiple species across several levels of ecological organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Soils
KW  - Invertebrates
KW  - Plant species
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Earthworms
KW  - Composting technology
KW  - Explosives bioremediation
KW  - Risk-based decisions
KW  - Soil mesocosms
KW  - Soil toxicity testing
N1  - Accession Number: 15890135; Gunderson, Carla A. 1; Kostuk, Joanne M. 2; Gibbs, Mitchell H. 3; Napolitano, Guillermo E. 1; Wicker, Linda F. 1; Richmond, Jacqueline E. 1; Stewart, Arthur J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA; 2 : Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; 3 : University of Tennessee Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 10515 Research Drive, Suite 300, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2575, USA;  Source Info: Dec1997, Vol. 16 Issue 12, p2529; Thesaurus Term: Bioremediation; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Invertebrates; Thesaurus Term: Plant species; Thesaurus Term: Microorganisms; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Earthworms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composting technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosives bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk-based decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil mesocosms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil toxicity testing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gore, Bryan F.
AU  - Dukelow Jr., James S.
AU  - Mitts, Timothy M.
AU  - Nicholson, Wesley L.
T1  - Conservatism of the Accident Sequence Evaluation Program HRA Procedure.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 787
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This paper presents a limited assessment of the conservatism of the Accident Sequence Evaluation Program (ASEP) human reliability analysis (HRA) procedure described in NUREG/CR-4772. The data for this studyare derived from simulator examination reports from the NRC requalification examination cycle for nuclear power plant operators. The ASEPprocedure was used to estimate human error probability (HEP) values for critical tasks, and the HEP results were compared with the failure rates observed in the examinations. The ASEP procedure was applied by PNNL operator license examiners who supplemented the limited information in the examination reports with expert judgment based upon their extensive simulator examination experience. Comparison of the average of the ASEP HEP values with the fraction of the population actually failed and demonstrated that the ASEP HEP values are larger (conservative) by a statistically significant average factor of two. Partitioning of tasks into subgroups based on the ASEP HEP values and comparison of the subgroup average ASEP HEP values with observed subgroup failure rates showed little or no conservatism for small ASEP HEP values, but considerable conservatism for larger ASEP HEP values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants -- Employees
KW  - HUMAN error
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - HEALTH
KW  - RELIABILITY (Personality trait)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plant operators
KW  - Accident sequence evaluation program
KW  - Accident Sequence Evaluation Program HRA
KW  - ASEP
KW  - Conservationism
KW  - HRA
KW  - Human reliability analysis
KW  - Nuclear power plant
KW  - operator licensing examination
KW  - Requalification evaluation
KW  - requalification examination
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Safety
KW  - Simulator evaluation
KW  - simulator examination.
N1  - Accession Number: 8114879; Gore, Bryan F. 1; Dukelow Jr., James S. 1; Mitts, Timothy M. 2; Nicholson, Wesley L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; 2: Tektronics, Inc., P.O. Box 1000, Wilsonville, Oregon 97070; 3: Statistical Sciences and Applications, 1706 April Loop, Richland, Washington 99352; Issue Info: Dec97, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p781; Thesaurus Term: NUCLEAR power plants -- Employees; Thesaurus Term: HUMAN error; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: HEALTH; Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Personality trait); Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plant operators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accident sequence evaluation program; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accident Sequence Evaluation Program HRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: ASEP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservationism; Author-Supplied Keyword: HRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human reliability analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear power plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: operator licensing examination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Requalification evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: requalification examination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulator evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulator examination.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marnay, Chris
AU  - Pickle, Steven J.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Power Supply Expansion and the Nuclear Option in Poland
JO  - Contemporary Economic Policy
JF  - Contemporary Economic Policy
Y1  - 1998/01//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
SP  - 109
EP  - 121
SN  - 10743529
N1  - Accession Number: 0443333; Keywords: Combustion;  Gas;  Natural Gas;  Nuclear; Geographic Descriptors: Poland; Geographic Region: Europe; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199804
N2  - This paper describes the construction of a data set of the Polish power sector for use with the Elfin capacity expansion planning model. Using Elfin, the paper derives four scenarios and some sensitivities for new generating capacity construction plans. These scenarios simulate choices among several generic generating technologies made to achieve the lowest overall net present cost of operating the power system through 2015. Key results include: (i) single-cycle natural gas-fired combustion turbines prove highly attractive for Poland because of its urgent need for peaking capacity, (ii) nuclear power cannot be excluded from consideration for Poland on economic grounds alone, (iii) the effectiveness of conservation to reduce airborne emissions is limited under scenarios in which nuclear generation is adopted, and (iv) the attractiveness of nuclear is shown to be highly sensitive to assumptions on some uncertain inputs, suggesting the need for a more detailed analysis before policy implications can be drawn.
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7287
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0443333&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7287
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Edmonds, Jae
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
A2  - Nordhaus, William D.
T1  - Integrated Assessment Modeling of Climate Change: Comments
T2  - Economics and policy issues in climate change
PB  - Washington, D.C.:
PB  - Resources for the Future
Y1  - 1998///
SP  - 291
EP  - 304
N1  - Accession Number: 0549490; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-915707-95-0; Keywords: Climate; Geographic Descriptors: Global; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200101
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
AU  - Kirby, Brendan
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Simulating the Operation of Markets for Bulk-Power Ancillary Services
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
SP  - 49
EP  - 68
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0471867; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199809
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0471867&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, David L.
AD  - Center for Transportation Analysis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Survey Evidence on the Importance of Fuel Availability to the Choice of Alternative Fuels and Vehicles
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 1998///
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
SP  - 215
EP  - 231
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0489411; Keywords: Fuel;  Households; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199905
N2  - Limited fuel availability is a critical factor in the marketability of new fuels. A survey of US households is used to estimate the value of fuel availability and its influence on choice of fuel for a fuel-flexible vehicle and the choice of a dedicated-fuel engine for a vehicle. The marginal value of availability decreases as the percent of stations offering a new fuel increases. For fuel-flexible vehicles the cost of lack of availability decreases from US $0.35/gallon at 1% to US $0.02/gallon when 50% of stations offer the fuel.
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis          D12
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0489411&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Mauthe, R. J.;
AU  - Sideras-Haddad, E.;
AU  - Turteltaub, K. W.;
AU  - Bench, G.;
T1  - Quantitative imaging microscopy for the sensitive detection of administered metal containing drugs in single cells and tissue slices\M/demonstration using platinum based chemotherapeutic agents
CT  - Quantitative imaging microscopy for the sensitive detection of administered metal containing drugs in single cells and tissue slices\M/demonstration using platinum based chemotherapeutic agents
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis (England)
JF  - Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis (England)
Y1  - 1998/01/01/
VL  - 17
IS  - Mar
SP  - 651
EP  - 663
SN  - 07317085
AD  - Biol. and Biotechnology Res. Program and Ctr. for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore Natl. Lab., Livermore, CA 94550, USA Internet: bench@llnl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 36-12199; Language: English; Chemical Name: Cisplatin--15663-27-1 Transplatin--14913-33-8 Carboplatin--41575-94-4; Therapeutic Class: (10:00); AHFS Class: Antineoplastic agents cisplatin (10:00); AHFS Class: Antineoplastic agents transplatin (10:00); AHFS Class: Antineoplastic agents carboplatin; References: 34; Journal Coden: JPBADA; Section Heading: Drug Analysis; Drug Metabolism and Body Distribution; Abstract Author: Ramune T. Dailide
N2  - To demonstrate the utility of nuclear microscopy [microbeam particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE)] for the sensitive detection of metal-containing drugs in cells and tissue slices, the uptake of cisplatin by UV5P3 Chinese hamster ovary cells, the uptake by kidney tissue of cisplatin, transplatin, and carboplatin after intraperitoneal administration in F-344 rats, and the monitoring of endogenous metals at cellular and tissue levels by microbeam PIXE were studied.
KW  - Cisplatin--absorption-;
KW  - Transplatin--absorption-;
KW  - Carboplatin--absorption-;
KW  - Antineoplastic agents--cisplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Antineoplastic agents--transplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Antineoplastic agents--carboplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Microscopy--cisplatin--absorption;
KW  - Microscopy--transplatin--absorption;
KW  - Microscopy--carboplatin--absorption;
KW  - Absorption--cisplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Absorption--transplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Absorption--carboplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Tissue levels--cisplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Tissue levels--transplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Tissue levels--carboplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Pharmacokinetics--cisplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Pharmacokinetics--transplatin--nuclear microscopy;
KW  - Pharmacokinetics--carboplatin--nuclear microscopy;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chin, Shih-Miao
AU  - Hopson, Janet
AU  - Hwang, Ho-Ling
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Oak Ridge Institute of Science & Education
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Estimating State-Level Truck Activities in America
JO  - Journal of Transportation and Statistics
JF  - Journal of Transportation and Statistics
Y1  - 1998/01//
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
SP  - 63
EP  - 74
SN  - 10948848
N1  - Accession Number: 0606365; Keywords: Highways;  Trucks; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200206
N2  - For freight, the primary function of the nation's highway system is to link the economies of individual states together to form an integrated national economy. Data from the 1993 Commodity Flow Survey, the first comprehensive national survey of freight shipments since 1977, indicate that the shipment of freight by truck in the United States is predominantly an interstate phenomenon. In fact, interstate shipments comprise more than 70% of the total ton-miles and nearly 55% of the value of commodities shipped by truck in 1993. In addition, the proportions of truck freight shipments originating from, destined to, passing through, or occurring entirely within a state vary significantly from state to state. While interstate shipments make up the largest portion of shipments nationally, intrastate trucking is more significant in large states such as Texas and California, as well as in corner states such as Florida, Maine, and Washington. The proportion of through traffic also varies widely from state to state. These findings could have important implications for highway revenue allocations, since trucks carrying freight play a significant role in damage to highway pavement and structures.
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
KW  - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation          L92
L3  - http://www.bts.gov/publications/journal_of_transportation_and_statistics/index.html
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0606365&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.bts.gov/publications/journal_of_transportation_and_statistics/index.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Barrett, Christopher L.
AU  - Thord, Roland
AU  - Reidys, Christian
AD  - Royal Institute of Technology and Los Alamos National Laboratory
AD  - Thord Connector, Stockholm
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
A2  - Beckmann, Martin J.
T1  - Simulations in Decision Making for Socio-technical Systems
T2  - Knowledge and networks in a dynamic economy: Festschrift in honor of Ake E. Andersson
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1998///
SP  - 59
EP  - 82
N1  - Accession Number: 0577041 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-64245-5; Keywords: Simulation; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Festschrift: Andersson, Ake E.; Update Code: 200109
KW  - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs: Other Computer Software          C88
KW  - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis          C61
KW  - General Regional Economics: Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Models          R15
KW  - Statistical Simulation Methods: General          C15
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gordon, H. S.
AU  - Wade, Robert
AU  - Veneroso, Frank
AU  - Sheehy, Hugh
AU  - Spring, Andy
AU  - Olson, Erik
AU  - Padwa, Tulli
AU  - Wood, John
AU  - Tizado, Javier
AU  - David, Robert
AU  - Floud, Roderick
AU  - Runciman, W. G.
AU  - Gardiner, A.
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas
AU  - Klobuchar, John
AU  - Pike, Drake
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Economist
JF  - Economist
Y1  - 1998/01/10/
VL  - 346
IS  - 8050
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 8
SN  - 00130613
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including those that discussed traffic congestion, business survey in Latin America and bore hunting.
KW  - BUSINESS
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - TRAFFIC congestion
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - HUNTING
N1  - Accession Number: 19234695; Gordon, H. S.; Wade, Robert; Veneroso, Frank; Sheehy, Hugh; Spring, Andy; Olson, Erik; Padwa, Tulli; Wood, John; Tizado, Javier; David, Robert; Floud, Roderick; Runciman, W. G. 1; Gardiner, A. 2; Kronfeld, Andreas 3; Klobuchar, John; Pike, Drake; Affiliations: 1: Trinity College, Cambridge; 2: President, The Mathematical Association, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; 3: Fermi National, Accelerator Laboratory Batavia, Illinois; Issue Info: 1/10/1998, Vol. 346 Issue 8050, p6; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: TRAFFIC congestion; Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: HUNTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114210 Hunting and Trapping; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 2318
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scurlock, J. M. O.
AU  - Hall, D. O.
T1  - The global carbon sink: a grassland perspective.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1998/02//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 233
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract The challenge to identify the biospheric sinks for about half the total carbon emissions from fossil fuels must include a consideration of below-ground ecosystem processes as well as those more easily measured above-ground. Recent studies suggest that tropical grasslands and savannas may contribute more to the ‘missing sink’ than was previously appreciated, perhaps as much as 0.5 Pg (= 0.5 Gt) carbon per annum. The rapid increase in availability of productivity data facilitated by the Internet will be important for future scaling-up of global change responses, to establish independent lines of evidence about the location and size of carbon sinks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Grasslands
KW  - Savannas
KW  - below-ground
KW  - carbon sink
KW  - grasslands
KW  - net primary production
KW  - NPP
KW  - savannas
N1  - Accession Number: 5322315; Scurlock, J. M. O. 1; Hall, D. O. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6407, USA,; 2 : Division of Life Sciences, King’s College London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH, UK;  Source Info: Feb98, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p229; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Grasslands; Thesaurus Term: Savannas; Author-Supplied Keyword: below-ground; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sink; Author-Supplied Keyword: grasslands; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP; Author-Supplied Keyword: savannas; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Suter II, Glenn W.
T1  - Comments on the Interpretation of Distributions in "Overview of Recent Developments in Ecological Risk Assessment"
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1998/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
SN  - 02724332
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Overview of Recent Developments in Ecological Risk Assessment," by K. R. Solomon.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 15107319; Suter II, Glenn W. 1; Email Address: swg@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038; Issue Info: Feb1998, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solanki, Rajendra S.
AU  - Gorti, Jyothi K.
AU  - Southworth, Frank
T1  - Using decomposition in large-scale highway network design with a quasi-optimization heuristic.
JO  - Transportation Research: Part B
JF  - Transportation Research: Part B
Y1  - 1998/02//
VL  - 32B
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
SN  - 01912615
AB  - Presents a variation of the Modified Quasi-Optimization (MQO) heuristic, developed by Dionne and Florian (1979).  Information on the highway network design problem; How the proposed algorithm solved a large network design problem; Benefits of the combined use of decomposition and a limited set of paths.
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - HIGHWAY engineering
KW  - TRAFFIC assignment
N1  - Accession Number: 46291; Solanki, Rajendra S. 1; Gorti, Jyothi K. 1; Southworth, Frank 1; Affiliations: 1: Center for Transportation Analysis, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb98, Vol. 32B Issue 2, p127; Thesaurus Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: HIGHWAY engineering; Subject Term: TRAFFIC assignment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, RaY. S.
AU  - Lincoln, David E.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Leaf age effects of elevated CO2 -grown white oak leaves on spring-feeding lepidopterans.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1998/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 246
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract Folivorous insect responses to elevated CO2 -grown tree species may be complicated by phytochemical changes as leaves age. For example, young expanding leaves in tree species may be less affected by enriched CO2 -alterations in leaf phytochemistry than older mature leaves due to shorter exposure times to elevated CO2 atmospheres. This, in turn, could result in different effects on early vs. late instar larvae of herbivorous insects. To address this, seedlings of white oak (Quercus alba L.), grown in open-top chambers under ambient and elevated CO2 , were fed to two important early spring feeding herbivores; gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.), and forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstria Hübner). Young, expanding leaves were presented to early instar larvae, and older fully expanded or mature leaves to late instar larvae. Young leaves had significantly lower leaf nitrogen content and significantly higher total nonstructural carbohydrate:nitrogen ratio as plant CO2 concentration rose, while nonstructural carbohydrates and total carbon-based phenolics were unaffected by plant CO2 treatment. These phytochemical changes contributed to a significant reduction in the growth rate of early instar gypsy moth larvae, while growth rates of forest tent caterpillar were unaffected. The differences in insect responses were attributed to an increase in the nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) of early instar forest tent caterpillar larvae feeding on elevated CO2 -grown leaves, while early instar gypsy moth larval NUE remained unchanged among the treatments. Later instar larvae of both insect species experienced larger reductions in foliage quality on elevated CO2 -grown leaves than earlier instars, as the carbohydrate:nitrogen ratio of leaves substantially increased. Despite this, neither insect species exhibited changes in growth or consumption rates between CO2... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Lepidoptera
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - leaf phytochemistry
KW  - Lymantria dispar
KW  - Malacosoma disstria
KW  - nitrogen utilization
KW  - Quercus alba
N1  - Accession Number: 5288623; Williams, RaY. S. 1,2; Lincoln, David E. 1; Norby, Richard J. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA,; 2 : Current address: Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, 572 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA; 3 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6422, USA,;  Source Info: Mar1998, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p235; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Subject Term: Lepidoptera; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf phytochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lymantria dispar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Malacosoma disstria; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen utilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00127.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=5288623&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, Donna M.
AU  - Shachter, Ross D.
AU  - Owens, Douglas K.
T1  - A Dynamic HIV-Transmission Model for Evaluating the Costs and Benefits of Vaccine Programs.
JO  - Interfaces
JF  - Interfaces
Y1  - 1998/05//May/Jun98
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
EP  - 166
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00922102
AB  - We developed a dynamic model of HIV transmission to evaluate the costs and benefits of HIV-vaccine programs in a population of homosexual men. We examined how changes in high-risk sexual behavior and the growth pattern of the epidemic influence the cost-effectiveness of preventive vaccines and of therapeutic vaccines. We found that the effect of reductions in condom use is more important for therapeutic vaccines than for preventive vaccines. Therapeutic vaccines may increase HIV seroprevalence in the population, unless the vaccine program is accompanied by increased condom use. Epidemic growth patterns also influence the cost-effectiveness of both vaccines, but the effects are more pronounced for preventive vaccines, which are more cost-effective in an early-stage epidemic than in a late-stage epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Interfaces is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - AIDS (Disease) -- Transmission
KW  - VACCINES
KW  - GAY men
KW  - SEXUALLY transmitted diseases
KW  - BIOLOGICALS
N1  - Accession Number: 979979; Edwards, Donna M. 1; Shachter, Ross D. 2; Owens, Douglas K. 3,4; Affiliations: 1: Systems Research Department (MS-9201), Sandia National Laboratories, P0 Box 969, Livermore, California 94551-0969.; 2: Department of Engineering-Economic Systems and Operations Research, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305.; 3: VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304.; 4: Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304.; Issue Info: May/Jun98, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p144; Thesaurus Term: COST effectiveness; Subject Term: AIDS (Disease) -- Transmission; Subject Term: VACCINES; Subject Term: GAY men; Subject Term: SEXUALLY transmitted diseases; Subject Term: BIOLOGICALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 9392
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharma, Virender K.
AU  - Bloom, John T.
AU  - Joshi, Vishwas N.
T1  - Oxidation of ammonia by ferrate(vi).
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 1998/05//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
EP  - 650
SN  - 10934529
AB  - The kinetics of ammonia oxidation by ferrate(VI) was determined as a function of pH (7.5–11.0) and temperature (10–35 °C). The rates decrease with increase in pH. The pH dependence is probably related to protonation of ferrate(VI) and ammonia. The theoretical curve through data gave the rate constants; k7(HFeO4 ‐ + NH4 +) = 8.46±0.50x10‐1 M‐1s‐1; kg(FeO4 2‐ + NH4 +) = 1.26±0.11x10‐1 M‐1s‐1; k10(FeO4 2‐ + NH3) = 1.19±0.10x10‐1 M‐1s‐1. The activation parameters, ?H? and ?S? were found to be 67.3 ± 3.5 kJ/mol and 33.1 ± 0.2 J/mol.K, respectively. When ferrate(VI) was used in excess relative to ammonia in the oxidation reaction, 22 % of ammonia removal was achieved. The usefulness of ferrate(VI) to remove ammonia from wastewater is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75473851; Sharma, Virender K. 1; Bloom, John T. 1; Joshi, Vishwas N. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University‐Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412; 2 : Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York, 11973;  Source Info: May1998, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p635; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934529809376752
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=75473851&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, Evan
T1  - THE COMING STORM Global Warning and Risk Management.
JO  - Risk Management (00355593)
JF  - Risk Management (00355593)
Y1  - 1998/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 27
SN  - 00355593
AB  - This article focuses on the response of the Institute of Logistics and Transport to the consultation document on the aviation industry which was published by the government of Great Britain in December 12, 2000. A careful consideration of the views of the institute and other interested organizations, can help to establish a properly balanced policy for air transportation and further strengthen the country as a key player in the field of global aviation. Among the conclusions was the principal point that demand for air travel should not be constrained. It is firmly in the interests of the economy of Great britain and its consumers, that growth in air travel should be allowed to continue, provided the costs imposed should be taken to encourage the additional capacity which is required in order to meet demand.  INSET: Leading by Example..
KW  - BUSINESS logistics
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - BUSINESS planning
KW  - PLANNING
KW  - BUSINESS
N1  - Accession Number: 12302431; Mills, Evan 1; Affiliations: 1: Center for Building Science at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, CA; Issue Info: May98, Vol. 45 Issue 5, p20; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS logistics; Thesaurus Term: TRANSPORTATION; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS planning; Thesaurus Term: PLANNING; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107297879
T1  - Basic anatomy and physiology of the immune system.
AU  - Schountz T
AU  - Bankaitis AE
Y1  - 1998/05//
N1  - Accession Number: 107297879. Language: English. Entry Date: 19981201. Revision Date: 20150820. Publication Type: Journal Article; CEU; exam questions; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 8413380. 
KW  - Immune System -- Physiology
KW  - Immune System -- Anatomy and Histology
KW  - Viruses
KW  - Antigens
KW  - Education, Continuing (Credit)
SP  - 131
EP  - 230
JO  - Seminars in Hearing
JF  - Seminars in Hearing
JA  - SEMIN HEAR
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
CY  - New York, New York
PB  - Thieme Medical Publishing Inc.
SN  - 0734-0451
AD  - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wos, Larry
T1  - PROGRAMS THAT OFFER FAST, FLAWLESS, LOGICAL REASONING.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1998/06//
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 95
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article relates to automated reasoning strategies that help in fast and flawless logical reasoning. The author holds that imperfect reasoning gives rise to many problems like bugs in computer programs, flaws in chip designs and errors in mathematical proofs. Automated reasoning, according to the author, is a one step solution to all these problems. The focus of automated reasoning is the design and implementation of computer programs that flawlessly apply logical reasoning to reach the objective, irrespective of the area of interest. The significance of reasoning programs like OTTER, an automated reasoning program, can be easily determined by the fact that they have also been used by educators in undergraduate logic courses and in graduate level courses for interactive theorem proving, besides their being, by their very nature, a perfect assistant in puzzle solving. Further, automated reasoning programs don't use instantiation to draw conclusions but logical unification always remains at the core of these programs.
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - REASONING (Logic)
KW  - COLLEGE students
N1  - Accession Number: 12069879; Wos, Larry 1,2; Email Address: wos@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Senior Mathematician in the Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory in Argonne, III.; 2: President of the Association for Automated Reasoning, Member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Automated Reasoning.; Issue Info: Jun98, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p87; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: REASONING (Logic); Subject Term: COLLEGE students; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/276609.276624
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107278902
T1  - Radiopharmaceuticals for bone malignancy therapy.
AU  - Atkins HL
AU  - Srivastava SC
Y1  - 1998/06//
N1  - Accession Number: 107278902. Language: English. Entry Date: 19980901. Revision Date: 20150820. Publication Type: Journal Article; CEU; exam questions; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Health and Environmental Research, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH00016, and in part by Diatide, Inc.. NLM UID: 0430303. 
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Bone Neoplasms -- Drug Therapy
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Education, Continuing (Credit)
KW  - Drug Toxicity
KW  - Radiopharmaceuticals -- Adverse Effects
SP  - 80
EP  - 86
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
JA  - J NUCL MED TECHNOL
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
CY  - Reston, Virginia
PB  - Society of Nuclear Medicine
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This continuing education article reviews radionuclide bone therapy agents that are available commercially and introduces agents that are being evaluated for future use. Currently these agents are used to provide pain palliation from metastases to bone. Future applications may include adjuvant therapy to surgery or external beam treatment. After reading this paper, the reader should be able to: (a) describe the desirable characteristics of radionuclide bone therapy agents; (b) compare and contrast radiopharmaceuticals available for bone therapy; and (c) state the clinical applications of radionuclide bone therapy agents.
SN  - 0091-4916
AD  - Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
U2  - PMID: 9604827.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi, Jor-Shan
AD  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA
T1  - A Regional Compact Approach for the Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy in East Asia
JO  - Pacific and Asian Journal of Energy
JF  - Pacific and Asian Journal of Energy
Y1  - 1998/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
SP  - 133
EP  - 142
SN  - 09703888
N1  - Accession Number: 0483825; Keywords: Energy;  Fuel; Geographic Descriptors: E. Asia; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199902
N2  - This study proposes the formation of a regional compact in East Asia to address regional problems related to (1) the management and disposal of spent nuclear fuel and low-level radioactive waste, (2) concerns over nuclear weapons proliferation, (3) concerns over nuclear power plant safety, and (4) the economics of nuclear power plant construction, operation, and aging. It is proposed that the United States would help in bringing together representatives from China, Taiwan, Japan, North and South Korea, and the Russian Far East to begin discussing the formation of an organization that can address these regional issues.
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bull, Richard J.
AU  - Fisher, Jeffery W.
AU  - Merdink, James L.
AU  - Stenner, Robert D.
T1  - Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Trichloroethylene Considering Enterohepatic Recirculation of Major Metabolites.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1998/06//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 269
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is a major metabolite of trichloroethylene (TRI) thought to contribute to its hepatocarcinogenic effects in mice. Recent studies have shown that peak blood concentrations of TCA in rats do not occur until approximately 12 hours following an oral dose of TRI. However, blood concentrations of TRI reach a maximum within an hour and are nondetectable after 2 hours.(1) The results of a study which examined the enterohepatic recirculation (EHC) of the principle TRI metabolites(2) was used to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for TRI, which includes enterohepatic recirculation of its metabolites. The model quantitatively predicts the uptake, distribution and elimination of TRI, trichloroethanol, trichloroethanol-glucuronide, and TCA and includes production of metabolites through the enterohepatic recirculation pathway. Physiologic parameters used in the model were obtained from the literature.(3,4) Parameters for TRI metabolism were taken from Fisher et al.(5) Other kinetic parameters were found in the literature or estimated from experimental data.(2) The model was calibrated to data from experiments of an earlier study where TRI was orally administered.(2) Verification of the model was conducted using data on the enterohepatic recirculation of TCEOH and TCA,(2) chloral hydrate data (infusion doses) from Merdink,(6) and TRI data from Templin(l) and Larsonand Bu11.(7) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - TRICHLOROETHYLENE
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - MODELING (Sculpture)
KW  - Enterohepatic recirculation
KW  - enterohepatic recirculation.
KW  - Metabolite
KW  - Modeling
KW  - PBPK models
KW  - Pharmacokinetic model
KW  - Physiological
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - toxicokinetics
KW  - Trichioroethylene
KW  - Trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 8114918; Bull, Richard J. 1; Fisher, Jeffery W. 2; Merdink, James L. 3; Stenner, Robert D. 1; Email Address: rd-stenner@prl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (operated by Battelle Memorial Institute), Washington.; 2: Armstrong Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433.; 3: Pharmacology/Toxicology Program, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164.; Issue Info: Jun98, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p261; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: TRICHLOROETHYLENE; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: MODELING (Sculpture); Author-Supplied Keyword: Enterohepatic recirculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: enterohepatic recirculation.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metabolite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBPK models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pharmacokinetic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physiological; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: toxicokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trichioroethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trichloroethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327420 Gypsum Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diachin, Darin
AU  - Freitag, Lori
AU  - Heath, Daniel
AU  - Herzog, Jim
AU  - Michels, William
T1  - Interactive simulation and visualization of massless, massed, and evaporating particles.
JO  - IIE Transactions
JF  - IIE Transactions
Y1  - 1998/07//
VL  - 30
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 621
EP  - 628
SN  - 0740817X
AB  - Most software packages available for particle tracing focus on visualizing steady or unsteady vector fields by using massless particle trajectories. For many applications, however, the use of massed and evaporating particles would provide a model of physical processes that could be used in product testing or design. In this article we describe the TrackPack toolkit, which provides an integrated interface for computing massless, massed, and evaporating particle trajectories in steady flow. In all cases, we assume a noncoupled model and compute particle trajectories through an existing vector field by numerically integrating with forward Euler, fourth-order Runge-Kutta, or an analytic streamline calculation. The TrackPack software effort was motivated by an industrial application to model pollution control systems in industrial boilers. We briefly describe the project and the visualization environment, and we demonstrate the necessity for massed, evaporating models in the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IIE Transactions is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED software
KW  - INDUSTRIAL applications
KW  - INDUSTRIAL management
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - VECTOR fields
N1  - Accession Number: 11874262; Diachin, Darin 1; Freitag, Lori 2; Email Address: freitag@mcs.anl.gov; Heath, Daniel 3; Herzog, Jim 4; Michels, William 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; 3: Computer Science Department,  Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50013, USA.; 4: Scientific Computing and Computational Mathematics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA  94305, USA.; 5: Fuel Tech,  Inc., 1001 Frontenac  Rd .  Naperville, IL 60566, USA.; Issue Info: Jul98, Vol. 30 Issue 7, p621; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED software; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL applications; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL management; Thesaurus Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: VECTOR fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weiss, Joel A.
AU  - Dale, Bruce C.
T1  - Diffusing Against Mature Technology: Issues and Strategy.
JO  - Industrial Marketing Management
JF  - Industrial Marketing Management
Y1  - 1998/07//
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 304
SN  - 00198501
AB  - The classic attributes of diffusion identified by Rogers-relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability-are a good basis for evaluating the diffusion prospects of a new technology qualitatively. This process may be simplified by evaluating just two primary factors, the relative performance advantage and the degree of operational novelty introduced by the new technology relative to its antecedent We introduce the concept of operational novelty as a contraction of the innovation attributes of complexity and compatibility. Challenging a mature, established technology with a product based on new technology is risky, although the risk can be moderated by high performance advantage and low operational novelty. A product's performance advantages and operational novelties should be evaluated and compared before a strategy for market introduction is planned. An oblique rather than direct challenge to the established technology may be advised when performance advantage is marginal or operational novelty is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Industrial Marketing Management is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANAGEMENT audit
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - PERFORMANCE technology
KW  - INDUSTRIAL management
KW  - MILITARY strategy
N1  - Accession Number: 12143208; Weiss, Joel A. 1; Dale, Bruce C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Vice President, Business Development and Strategic Planning for the Energy and Environment Sector of Lockheed Martin Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico.; 2: Manager, Executive Staff Office, Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico.; Issue Info: Jul98, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p293; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT audit; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Thesaurus Term: PERFORMANCE technology; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL management; Subject Term: MILITARY strategy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maslov, Sergei
AU  - Zhang, Yi-Cheng
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
AD  - U Fribourg
T1  - Optimal Investment Strategy for Risky Assets
JO  - International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance
JF  - International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance
Y1  - 1998/07//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
SP  - 377
EP  - 387
SN  - 02190249
N1  - Accession Number: 0479064; Keywords: Portfolio; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199812
N2  - We design an optimal strategy for investment in a portfolio of assets subject to a multiplicative Brownian motion. The strategy provides the maximal typical long-term growth rate of investor's capital. We determine the optimal fraction of capital that an investor should keep in risky assets as well as weights of different assets in an optimal portfolio. In this approach both average return and volatility of an asset are relevant indicators determining its optimal weight. Our results are particularly relevant for very risky assets when traditional continuous-time Gaussian portfolio theories are no longer applicable.
KW  - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions          G11
L3  - http://www.worldscientific.com/loi/ijtaf
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UR  - http://www.worldscientific.com/loi/ijtaf
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seager, Carl
T1  - Cool tool.
JO  - Design News
JF  - Design News
Y1  - 1998/07/20/
VL  - 54
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
SN  - 00119407
AB  - Presents an electrostatic chuck design.  Its components; Advantages offered by the design.
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 942320; Seager, Carl 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories. (E) Albuquerque, NM 87185; (505) 844-9168.; Issue Info: 7/20/98, Vol. 54 Issue 14, p72; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 164
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Potra, Florian A.
AU  - Sheng, Rongqin
T1  - A path following method for LCP with superlinearly convergent iteration sequence.
JO  - Annals of Operations Research
JF  - Annals of Operations Research
Y1  - 1998/08//
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 114
SN  - 02545330
AB  - A new algorithm for solving linear complementarity problems with sufficient matrices is proposed. If the problem has a solution, the algorithm is superlinearly convergent from any positive starting points, even for degenerate problems. Each iteration requires only one matrix factorization and at most two backsolves. Only one backsolve is necessary if the problem is known to be nondegenerate. The algorithm generates points in a large neighborhood of the central path and has the lowest iteration complexity obtained so far in the literature. Moreover, the iteration sequence converges superlinearly to a maximal solution with the same Q-order as the complementarity sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Operations Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - LINEAR complementarity problem
KW  - VECTOR algebra
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - infeasible-interior-point algorithm
KW  - linear complementarity problems
KW  - P.-matrices
KW  - path-following
KW  - sufficient matrices
KW  - superlinear convergence
N1  - Accession Number: 18668673; Potra, Florian A. 1; Email Address: potra@math.uiowa.edu; Sheng, Rongqin 2; Email Address: sheng@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p97; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: LINEAR complementarity problem; Subject Term: VECTOR algebra; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: infeasible-interior-point algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear complementarity problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: P.-matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: path-following; Author-Supplied Keyword: sufficient matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: superlinear convergence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghosh, Santadas
AU  - Roy, Joyashree
AD  - Jadavpur U
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Qualitative Input-Output Analysis of the Indian Economic Structure
JO  - Economic Systems Research
JF  - Economic Systems Research
Y1  - 1998/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
SP  - 263
EP  - 273
SN  - 09535314
N1  - Accession Number: 0480951; Keywords: I O;  Input Output; Geographic Descriptors: India; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199901
N2  - Qualitative input-output (IO) analysis can be considered mostly in terms of a graph-theoretic formulation, which involves the construction and use of an adjacency matrix, derived from a binary transformation of the IO coefficient matrix. Classical attempts at qualitative IO analysis have derived the structure from the direct IO coefficient table. In more recent attempts, greater sophistication has been achieved by incorporating a degree of quantification into the qualitative analysis. Also, the concept of important coefficients (IC) has been used for the construction of the adjacency matrix. The present study is carried out along these lines for the Indian economy.
KW  - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: Input-Output Tables and Analysis          D57
KW  - Input-Output Models          C67
L3  - http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cesr20
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UR  - http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cesr20
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haas, Reinhard
AU  - Schipper, Lee
AD  - Vienna U Technology
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Residential Energy Demand in OECD-Countries and the Role of Irreversible Efficiency Improvements
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 1998/09//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
SP  - 421
EP  - 442
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0476825; Keywords: Energy;  Households; Geographic Descriptors: OECD; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199811
N2  - After undergoing substantial changes during a period of high energy prices, household energy demand did not rebound in times of declining energy prices as might have been expected. Hence, other factors, such as irreversible improvements in technical efficiency, must be understood in order to describe both past and future household energy demand. In this paper we consider irreversible efficiency improvements as a major reason for the moderate growth in energy demand after the plummeting of the oil price in 1985. We test different econometric models to take into account efficiency indicators. The major conclusions of our investigation are: (i) price elasticities are different for rising and falling prices--for the latter they are close to zero, implying a low rebound-effect in the residential sector; (ii) technical efficiency is an important parameter for describing and forecasting energy demand; and (iii) income elasticities turn out to be higher once we incorporate indicators of technological efficiency in the process of estimating energy demand.
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis          D12
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ulibarri, Carlos A.
AU  - Seely, Harry S.
AU  - Willis, David B.
AD  - NM Highlands U and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
AD  - WA State U
T1  - Farm Profitability and BUREC Water Subsidies: An LP Look at a Region
JO  - Contemporary Economic Policy
JF  - Contemporary Economic Policy
Y1  - 1998/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
SP  - 442
EP  - 451
SN  - 10743529
N1  - Accession Number: 0485255; Keywords: Farms;  Groundwater;  Irrigation;  Water; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199904
N2  - Most studies of irrigation water subsidies focus on farmers' "ability-to-pay" for irrigation-related construction costs without questioning the methods used to subsidize these costs. This article shows how BUREC water subsidies could be eliminated by increasing federal water and power rates on long-term irrigation contracts. The welfare effects of this "desubsidization" are examined for California's San Joaquin Valley which uses federal power for groundwater pumping and the conveyance of surface water. A linear-programming model provides estimates of the change in farm profitability from imposing full-cost federal water and power rates. The desubsidization has a disproportionate impact on growers of water intensive crops while benefiting non-agricultural power users and the U.S. Treasury. This points to the conclusion that charging full-cost rates would redistribute $4.58 million of profit-income per year without significant regional impacts on growers.
KW  - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment          Q15
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7287
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7287
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 88316965
T1  - Follow-up of relapsed B-cell lymphoma patients treated with iodine-131-labeled anti-CD20 antibody and autologous stem-cell rescue.
AU  - Liu, Steven Y.
AU  - Eary, Janet F.
AU  - Petersdorf, Stephen H.
AU  - Martin, Paul J.
AU  - Maloney, David G.
AU  - Appelbaum, Frederick R.
AU  - Matthews, Dana C.
AU  - Bush, Sharon A.
AU  - Durack, Lawrence D.
AU  - Fisher, Darrell R.
AU  - Gooley, Theodore A.
AU  - Bernstein, Irwin D.
AU  - Press, Oliver W.
AU  - Liu, S Y
AU  - Eary, J F
AU  - Petersdorf, S H
AU  - Martin, P J
AU  - Maloney, D G
AU  - Appelbaum, F R
AU  - Matthews, D C
Y1  - 1998/10//
N1  - Accession Number: 88316965. Language: English. Entry Date: 19990201. Revision Date: 20161127. Publication Type: journal article. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: P01CA44991/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States. NLM UID: 8309333. 
KW  - Radioimmunotherapy -- Adverse Effects
KW  - Antigens, Surface -- Immunology
KW  - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- Therapy
KW  - Iodine Radioisotopes -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
KW  - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- Adverse Effects
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Disease Remission
KW  - Adult
KW  - Prognosis
KW  - Male
KW  - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- Immunology
KW  - Prospective Studies
KW  - Radiation Dosage
KW  - Human
KW  - Female
KW  - Recurrence
KW  - Iodine Radioisotopes -- Adverse Effects
KW  - Clinical Trials
KW  - Validation Studies
KW  - Comparative Studies
KW  - Evaluation Research
KW  - Multicenter Studies
SP  - 3270
EP  - 3278
JO  - Journal of Clinical Oncology
JF  - Journal of Clinical Oncology
JA  - J CLIN ONCOL
VL  - 16
IS  - 10
CY  - Alexandria, Virginia
PB  - American Society of Clinical Oncology
AB  - Purpose: Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a promising treatment approach for B-cell lymphomas. This is our first opportunity to report long-term follow-up data and late toxicities in 29 patients treated with myeloablative doses of iodine-131-anti-CD20 antibody (anti-B1) and autologous stem-cell rescue.Patients and Methods: Trace-labeled biodistribution studies first determined the ability to deliver higher absorbed radiation doses to tumor sites than to lung, liver, or kidney at varying amounts of anti-B1 protein (0.35, 1.7, or 7 mg/kg). Twenty-nine patients received therapeutic infusions of single-agent (131)I-anti-B1, given at the protein dose found optimal in the biodistribution study, labeled with amounts of (131)I (280 to 785 mCi [10.4 to 29.0 GBq]) calculated to deliver specific absorbed radiation doses to the normal organs, followed by autologous stem-cell support.Results: Major responses occurred in 25 patients (86%), with 23 complete responses (CRs; 79%). The nonhematopoietic dose-limiting toxicity was reversible cardiopulmonary insufficiency, which occurred in two patients at RIT doses that delivered > or = 27 Gy to the lungs. With a median follow-up time of 42 months, the estimated overall and progression-free survival rates are 68% and 42%, respectively. Currently, 14 of 29 patients remain in unmaintained remissions that range from 27+ to 87+ months after RIT. Late toxicities have been uncommon except for elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels found in approximately 60% of the subjects. Two patients developed second malignancies, but none have developed myelodysplasia (MDS).Conclusion: Myeloablative (131)I-anti-B1 RIT is relatively well tolerated when given with autologous stem-cell support and often results in prolonged remission durations with few late toxicities.
SN  - 0732-183X
AD  - Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Radiology, Biological Structure, and Biostatistics, University of Washington
AD  - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
U2  - PMID: 9779701.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehoucq, R. B.
AU  - Meerbergen, Karl
T1  - USING GENERALIZED CAYLEY TRANSFORMATIONS WITHIN AN INEXACT RATIONAL KRYLOV SEQUENCE METHOD.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1998/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 148
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - The rational Krylov sequence (RKS) method is a generalization of Arnoldi's method. It constructs an orthogonal reduction of a matrix pencil into an upper Hessenberg pencil. The RKS method is useful when the matrix pencil may be efficiently factored. This paper considers approximately solving the resulting linear systems with iterative methods. We show that a Cayley transformation leads to a more efficient and robust eigensolver than the usual shift-invert transformation when the linear systems are solved inexactly within the RKS method. A relationship with the recently introduced Jacobi­Davidson method is also established.
KW  - SEQUENCES (Mathematics)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - CAYLEY graphs
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - Arnoldi method
KW  - Cayley transformation
KW  - eigenvalues
KW  - generalized eigenvalue problem
KW  - rational Krylov sequence
N1  - Accession Number: 13213427; Lehoucq, R. B. 1,2; Email Address: rlehoucq@cs.sandia.gov; Meerbergen, Karl 3; Email Address: K.A.Y.Meerbergen@rl.ac.uk; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS, Albuquerque, NM; 3: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p131; Subject Term: SEQUENCES (Mathematics); Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: CAYLEY graphs; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Arnoldi method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cayley transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvalues; Author-Supplied Keyword: generalized eigenvalue problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: rational Krylov sequence; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Basu, N.
AU  - Pryor, R.
AU  - Quint, T.
AD  - AT&T Customer Sciences
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
AD  - U NV
T1  - ASPEN: A Microsimulation Model of the Economy
JO  - Computational Economics
JF  - Computational Economics
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
SP  - 223
EP  - 241
SN  - 09277099
N1  - Accession Number: 0486527; Keywords: Microeconomics; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199904
N2  - In this report we present ASPEN, a new agent-based microeconomic simulation model of the U.S. economy being developed at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The model is notable because it allows a large number of individual economic agents to be modeled at a high level of detail and with a great degree of freedom. Some of the features of ASPEN are (a) a sophisticated message-passing system which allows individual pairs of agents to communicate with one another, (b) the use of genetic algorithms to simulate certain agents' learning, and (c) a detailed financial sector which includes a banking system and a bond market. Results from runs of the model are also presented.
KW  - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models          D58
KW  - Computational Techniques; Simulation Modeling          C63
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10614
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UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10614
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Michaelis, Laurie
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
AU  - Khrushch, Marta
T1  - Sectoral Trends and Driving Forces of Global Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 319
SN  - 13812386
AB  - Disaggregation of sectoral energy use and greenhouse gas emissions trends reveals striking differences between sectors and regions of the world. Understanding key driving forces in the energy end-use sectors provides insights for development of projections of future greenhouse gas emissions. This paper examines global and regional historical trends in energy use and carbon emissions in the industrial, buildings, transport, and agriculture sectors. Activity and economic drivers as well as trends in energy and carbon intensity are evaluated. We show that macro-economic indicators, such as GDP, are insufficient for comprehending trends and driving forces at the sectoral level. These indicators need to be supplemented with sector-specific information for a more complete understanding of future energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Industries -- Energy consumption
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Macroeconomics
KW  - Gross domestic product
KW  - agriculture energy use
KW  - buildings energy use
KW  - carbon emissions
KW  - energy use
KW  - greenhouse gas emissions
KW  - industrial energy use
KW  - transport energy use
N1  - Accession Number: 49260803; Price, Lynn 1; Michaelis, Laurie; Worrell, Ernst; Khrushch, Marta 1; Affiliations: 1 : Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94720 USA;  Source Info: Dec1998, Vol. 3 Issue 2-4, p263; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Industries -- Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Subject Term: Macroeconomics; Subject Term: Gross domestic product; Author-Supplied Keyword: agriculture energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: buildings energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: greenhouse gas emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: industrial energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport energy use; Number of Pages: 57p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1009695406510
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, G. Scott
AU  - Neuhauser, K. Sieglinde
T1  - Urban Risks of Truck Transport of Radioactive Material.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 785
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Truck transport of radioactive material (RAM), e.g., spent nuclear fuel (SNF), normally maximizes use of Interstate highways, which are safer and more efficient for truck transport in general. In the estimation of transportation risks, population bordering a route is a direct factor in determining consequences and an indirect factor in determining exposure times, accident probabilities and seventies, and otherparameters. Proposals to transport RAM may draw intense resistance from 'stakeholders' based on concern for population concentrations along urban segments but the length of a route segment is also a determinative factor in estimating the transport risks. To quantify the relative importance of these two factors, a potential route for transportof SNF (strict use of Interstate highways) was selected and comparedwith a modified version that bypassed urban areas. The results suggest that emphasis on Interstate highways minimizes total route and urban segment risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Radioactive material
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - RADTRAN
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - routing
KW  - Spent nuclear fuel
KW  - spent nuclear fuel.
KW  - Transport risk
KW  - transportation risk
KW  - Truck transport
KW  - Urban risk
N1  - Accession Number: 8114981; Mills, G. Scott; Neuhauser, K. Sieglinde 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 6341, MS 0718, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0718; Issue Info: Dec98, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p781; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: RADTRAN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: routing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spent nuclear fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: spent nuclear fuel.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: transportation risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Truck transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urban risk; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ren-Cang Li
T1  - RELATIVE PERTURBATION THEORY: II. EIGENSPACE AND SINGULAR SUBSPACE VARIATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 492
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - The classical perturbation theory for Hermitian matrix eigenvalue and singular value problems provides bounds on invariant subspace variations that are proportional to the reciprocals of absolute gaps between subsets of spectra or subsets of singular values. These bounds may be bad news for invariant subspaces corresponding to clustered eigenvalues or clustered singular values of much smaller magnitudes than the norms of matrices under considerations. In this paper, we consider how eigenspaces of a Hermitian matrix A change when it is perturbed to à = D&ast;AD and how singular spaces of a (nonsquare) matrix B change when it is perturbed to &Btilde; = D1&ast; BD2, where D, D1, and D2 are nonsingular. It is proved that under these kinds of perturbations, the changes of invariant subspaces are proportional to the reciprocals of relative gaps between subsets of spectra or subsets of singular values. The classical Davis­Kahan sin θ theorems and Wedin sin θ theorems are extended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - eigenvector
KW  - graded matrix
KW  - multiplicative perturbation
KW  - relative gap
KW  - relative perturbation theory
KW  - singular vector
KW  - structured sylvester equation
N1  - Accession Number: 13213532; Ren-Cang Li 1; Email Address: rcli@ms.uky.edu; Affiliations: 1: Mathematical Science Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 6012, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p471; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvector; Author-Supplied Keyword: graded matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiplicative perturbation; Author-Supplied Keyword: relative gap; Author-Supplied Keyword: relative perturbation theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular vector; Author-Supplied Keyword: structured sylvester equation; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avist, David
AU  - Beresford-Smith, Bryan
AU  - Devroyet, Luc
AU  - Elgindyt, Hossam
AU  - Guevremont, Eric
AU  - Hurtado, Ferran
AU  - Zhu, Binhai
T1  - UNORIENTED  Θ-MAXIMA IN THE PLANE: COMPLEXITY AND ALGORITHMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - We introduce the unoriented Θ-maximum as a new criterion for describing the shape of a set of planar points. We present efficient algorithms for computing the unoriented Θ-maximum of a set of planar points. We also propose a simple linear expected time algorithm for computing the unoriented Θ-maximum of a set of planar points when Θ = π/2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MAXIMA & minima
KW  - expected complexity
KW  - lower bound
KW  - maxima
KW  - plane sweep
KW  - probabilistic analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10637771; Avist, David 1; Email Address: avis@cs.mcgill.ca; Beresford-Smith, Bryan 2; Email Address: bbs@cs.newcastle.edu.au; Devroyet, Luc 1; Email Address: luc@cs.mcgill.ca; Elgindyt, Hossam 2; Email Address: hossam@cs.newcastle.edu.au; Guevremont, Eric 3; Hurtado, Ferran 4; Email Address: hurtado@ma2.upc.ec; Zhu, Binhai 5; Email Address: bhz@cs.city.edu.hk; Affiliations: 1: School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada.; 2: Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.; 3: School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.; 4: Dept.de Mathemàtica Aplicada II, Uiniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.; 5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group C-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 and Dept. of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p278; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MAXIMA & minima; Author-Supplied Keyword: expected complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: lower bound; Author-Supplied Keyword: maxima; Author-Supplied Keyword: plane sweep; Author-Supplied Keyword: probabilistic analysis; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jonathan E.Atkinst
AU  - Boman, Erik G.
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
T1  - A SPECTRAL ALGORITHM FOR SERIATION AND THE CONSECUTIVE ONES PROBLEM.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - In applications ranging from DNA sequencing through archeological dating to sparse matrix reordering, a recurrent problem is the sequencing of elements in such a way that highly correlated pairs of elements are near each other. That is, given a correlation function f reflecting the desire for each pair of elements to be near each other, find all permutations it with the property that if π(j) < π(k) then f(i,j) ≥ f(i, k) and f(j, k) ≥ f(i, k). This seriation problem is a generalization of the well-studied consecutive ones problem. We present a spectral algorithm for this problem that has a number of interesting features. Whereas most previous applications of spectral techniques provide only bounds or heuristics, our result is an algorithm that correctly solves a nontrivial combinatorial problem. In addition, spectral methods are being successfully applied as heuristics to a variety of sequencing problems, and our result helps explain and justify these applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - HEURISTIC
KW  - analysis of algorithms
KW  - consecutive ones property
KW  - eigenvector
KW  - Fiedler vector
KW  - seriation
N1  - Accession Number: 10637774; Jonathan E.Atkinst 1; Email Address: atkins@infinity.com; Boman, Erik G. 2; Email Address: boman@sccm.stanford.edu; Hendrickson, Bruce 3; Email Address: bah@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Infinity Financial Technology, Mountain View, CA 94043.; 2: Scientific Computing & Computational Mathematics, Gates Bldg. 2B, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-9025 .; 3: Applied & Numerical Mathematics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110.; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p297; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: HEURISTIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: analysis of algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: consecutive ones property; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiedler vector; Author-Supplied Keyword: seriation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Joseph S. B.
AU  - Blum, Avrim
AU  - Chalasani, Prasad
AU  - Vempala, Santosh
T1  - A CONSTANT-FACTOR APPROXIMATION ALGORITHM FOR THE GEOMETRIC k-MST PROBLEM IN THE PLANE.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/31/
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 771
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - We show that any rectilinear polygonal subdivision in the plane can be converted into a "guillotine" subdivision whose length is at most twice that of the original subdivision. "Guillotine" subdivisions have a simple recursive structure that allows one to search for "optimal" such subdivisions in polynomial time, using dynamic programming. In particular, a consequence of our main theorem is a very simple proof that the k-MST problem in the plane has a constant-factor polynomial-time approximation algorithm: we obtain a factor of 2 (resp., 3) for the L[SUB1] metric, and a factor of 2√2 (resp., 3.266) for the L[SUB2] (Euclidean) metric in the case in which Steiner points are allowed (resp., not allowed). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - TRAVELING salesman problem (Mathematics)
KW  - GEOMETRIC programming
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - approximation algorithms polynomial
KW  - bank robber (orienteering) problem
KW  - computational geometry
KW  - dynamic programming
KW  - guillotine subdivisions
KW  - k-MST
KW  - minimum spanning trees
KW  - network optimization
KW  - prize-collecting salesman problem
KW  - quota traveling salesman problem
N1  - Accession Number: 10699546; Mitchell, Joseph S. B. 1; Email Address: jsbm@ams.sunysb.edu; Blum, Avrim 2; Email Address: avrim@ks.cmu.edu; Chalasani, Prasad 3; Email Address: chal@lanl.gov; Vempala, Santosh 2; Email Address: svempala@cs.cmu.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600.; 2: School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3891.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544.; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p771; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: TRAVELING salesman problem (Mathematics); Subject Term: GEOMETRIC programming; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: approximation algorithms polynomial; Author-Supplied Keyword: bank robber (orienteering) problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: guillotine subdivisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: k-MST; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum spanning trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: network optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: prize-collecting salesman problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: quota traveling salesman problem; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
AU  - Marathe, Achla
AU  - Shawky, Hany A.
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
AD  - U Albany
A2  - Lee, Cheng-Few
T1  - Categorizing Mutual Funds Using Clusters
T2  - Advances in quantitative analysis of finance and accounting. Volume 7
PB  - Stamford, Conn.:
PB  - JAI Press
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 199
EP  - 211
N1  - Accession Number: 0571334; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7623-0564-9; Keywords: Mutual Fund; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Pension Funds; Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors          G23
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Edmonds, Jae
AU  - Wise, Marshall
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC
A2  - German-American Academic Council Foundation
T1  - Exploring a Technology Strategy for Stabilizing Atmospheric CO2
T2  - Climate change policy in Germany and the United States: Conference proceedings: Berlin, June 15-18, 1997
PB  - Symposia series, vol. 7.
PB  - Bonn and Washington, D.C.:
PB  - Author
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 73
EP  - 99
SN  - 09484809.
N1  - Accession Number: 0584673; Keywords: Atmospheric;  CO2; Geographic Descriptors: Global; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200111
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Rayner, Steve
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
A2  - German-American Academic Council Foundation
T1  - Understanding Decision Framing in the United States
T2  - Climate change policy in Germany and the United States: Conference proceedings: Berlin, June 15-18, 1997
PB  - Symposia series, vol. 7.
PB  - Bonn and Washington, D.C.:
PB  - Author
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 182
EP  - 190
SN  - 09484809.
N1  - Accession Number: 0584681; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200111
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
ID  - 65947
AU  - U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Division of Risk Analysis and Applications
AU  - Brookhaven National Laboratory
T1  - [Untitled]
Y1  - 1999/01/01/
CY  - Washington, D.C.
CY  - United States
PB  - Division of Risk Analysis and Applications, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office [distributor]
N1  - Accession Number: 65947; Extent: <3- > volumes; Document Type: Government document; Language: English; Note/Abstract: Description based on volume 3. "Date published: September 1999." "A joint cooperative program between the governments of the United States and the Russian Federation." Government document number: Y 3.N 88:25/6572/V.3/PT.1. GPO item number: 1051-H-11 (MF). Shipping list number: 2000-0129-M. Report number: NUREG/CR-6572. Report number: BNL-NUREG-52534. Stock number: 052-021-01820-7 (vol.3, pt.1); GPO paper copy available. Microfiche. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. G.P.O., 1999- .3- microfiches: negative. PARTIAL CONTENTS: Vol. 3. Procedure Guides. Technical. SUBMITTED BY: Maria Gorecki Nowak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (mgnowak@uiuc.edu)
KW  - Russia (Federation)--Nuclear Power
KW  - Russia (Federation)--Nuclear Reactors--Safety Measures
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - sbh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AU  - McDonald, Judith A.
AD  - U TN and Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Rauch Business Center, Lehigh U
A2  - Turner, R. Kerry
A2  - Button, Kenneth
A2  - Nijkamp, Peter
T1  - Third-World Debt and Tropical Deforestation
T2  - Ecosystems and nature: Economics, science and policy
PB  - Elgar Reference Collection. Environmental Analysis and Economic Policy, vol. 7.
PB  - Cheltenham, U.K. and Northampton, Mass.:
PB  - Elgar; distributed by American International Distribution Corporation, Williston, Vt.
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 325
EP  - 341
RP  - [1995]
N1  - Accession Number: 0583868; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-85898-793-8; Keywords: Debt;  Deforestation;  Third World; Geographic Descriptors: LDCs; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200111
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Forestry          Q23
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
KW  - International Lending and Debt Problems          F34
KW  - Trade and Environment          F18
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0583868&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Bjornstad, David J.
AU  - Elliott, Steven R.
AU  - Hale, Douglas R.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Miami U
AD  - US Dept of Energy
A2  - Isaac, R. Mark
A2  - Holt, Charles
T1  - Understanding Experimental Economics and Policy Analysis in a Federal Agency: The Case of Marketable Emissions Trading
T2  - Emissions permit experiments
PB  - Research in Experimental Economics, vol. 7.
PB  - Stamford, Conn.:
PB  - JAI Press
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 163
EP  - 180
N1  - Accession Number: 0568971; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7623-0307-7; Keywords: Emissions;  Experimental;  Policy; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies          H23
KW  - Design of Experiments: General          C90
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0568971&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Turiel, Isaac
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
A2  - Bertoldi, Paolo
A2  - Ricci, Andrea
A2  - Huenges Wajer, Boudewijn
T1  - Present Status of Residential Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards--An International Review
T2  - Energy efficiency in household appliances: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances, 10-12 November 1997, Florence, Italy
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 43
EP  - 54
N1  - Accession Number: 0566805; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-65114-4; Keywords: Appliances;  Energy Efficiency;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: Selected Countries; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Appliances; Furniture; Other Consumer Durables          L68
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0566805&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Sandahl, Linda
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
A2  - Bertoldi, Paolo
A2  - Ricci, Andrea
A2  - Huenges Wajer, Boudewijn
T1  - Making the Market Force Work: The E-Rated Appliances Programme
T2  - Energy efficiency in household appliances: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances, 10-12 November 1997, Florence, Italy
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 131
EP  - 137
N1  - Accession Number: 0566815; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-65114-4; Keywords: Appliances; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Appliances; Furniture; Other Consumer Durables          L68
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0566815&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - McMahon, James E.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
A2  - Bertoldi, Paolo
A2  - Ricci, Andrea
A2  - Huenges Wajer, Boudewijn
T1  - Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances: State of the Art in Economic Evaluation Methodologies and Manufacturer Impact Modeling
T2  - Energy efficiency in household appliances: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances, 10-12 November 1997, Florence, Italy
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 271
EP  - 283
N1  - Accession Number: 0566831; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-65114-4; Keywords: Appliances;  Energy Efficiency;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Appliances; Furniture; Other Consumer Durables          L68
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Rosenquist, Gregory J.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
A2  - Bertoldi, Paolo
A2  - Ricci, Andrea
A2  - Huenges Wajer, Boudewijn
T1  - Residential Air Conditioners: U.S. Experience and Possible Extensions to the Global Market
T2  - Energy efficiency in household appliances: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances, 10-12 November 1997, Florence, Italy
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 296
EP  - 308
N1  - Accession Number: 0566833; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-65114-4; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Appliances; Furniture; Other Consumer Durables          L68
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0566833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Meier, Alan
AU  - Huber, Wolfgang
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
A2  - Bertoldi, Paolo
A2  - Ricci, Andrea
A2  - Huenges Wajer, Boudewijn
T1  - Results from the Investigations on Leaking Electricity in the USA
T2  - Energy efficiency in household appliances: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances, 10-12 November 1997, Florence, Italy
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 342
EP  - 352
N1  - Accession Number: 0566839; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-65114-4; Keywords: Electricity; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Appliances; Furniture; Other Consumer Durables          L68
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0566839&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Page, Eric
AU  - Mills, Evan
AU  - Siminovitch, Michael
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
A2  - Bertoldi, Paolo
A2  - Ricci, Andrea
A2  - Huenges Wajer, Boudewijn
T1  - New Energy Efficient Torchieres Ready for Hot Torchiere Market
T2  - Energy efficiency in household appliances: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances, 10-12 November 1997, Florence, Italy
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 375
EP  - 385
N1  - Accession Number: 0566842; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-65114-4; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Europe; Japan; Geographic Region: Northern America; Europe; Asia; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Other Consumer Nondurables          L67
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Marketing          M31
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, David L.
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AU  - Gibson, Robert C.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - U TN
AD  - U TN
T1  - Fuel Economy Rebound Effect for U.S. Household Vehicles
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1999///
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
SP  - 1
EP  - 31
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0497268; Keywords: Energy;  Fuel;  Households;  Saving; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199910
N2  - This paper presents an econometric estimation of the "rebound effect" for household vehicle travel in the United States based on analysis of survey data collected by the Energy Information Administration (EIA) at approximately three-year intervals over a 15-year period. The rebound effect measures the tendency to "take back" potential energy savings from fuel economy improvements as increased travel. Vehicle use models were estimated for one, two-, three-, four-, and five-vehicle households. The results confirm recent estimates based on national or state-level data: a long-run "take back" of about 20 percent of potential energy savings. Consumer responses to changes in fuel economy or fuel price per gallon appear to be equal and opposite in sign. Recognizing the interdependencies among miles of travel, fuel economy and price is key to obtaining meaningful results.
KW  - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis          D12
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0497268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Downing, Mark
AU  - Ozuna, Teofilo, Jr.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - TX A&M U
A2  - Willis, Kenneth G.
A2  - Button, Kenneth
A2  - Nijkamp, Peter
T1  - Testing the Reliability of the Benefit Function Transfer Approach
T2  - Environmental valuation. Volume 2. Multi-attribute programmes, validity, allocation issues and case studies
PB  - Elgar Reference Collection. Environmental Analysis and Economic Policy, vol. 3.
PB  - Cheltenham, U.K. and Northampton, Mass.:
PB  - Elgar; distributed by American International Distribution Corporation, Williston, Vt.
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 508
EP  - 514
RP  - [1996]
N1  - Accession Number: 0584091; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-85898-723-7; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200111
KW  - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis          D61
KW  - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources          Q26
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Philip H.
AU  - Shanbhag, Santosh
AU  - Rubey, Wayne A.
AU  - Dellinger, Barry
AU  - Bergin, Michelle
T1  - Speciation of Organic By-Products from the Thermal Decomposition of Alternative Automotive Fuels.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/01//
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 48
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The high-temperature thermal degradation of four alternative automotive fuels (methanol, ethanol, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum (LP) gas) have been examined as a function of fuel-oxygen equivalence ratio and exposure temperature using fused silica flow reactor instrumentation coupled to in-line GC-TCD and GC-MS detection. Organic speciation for methanol, natural gas, and LP gas were consistent with previous measurements. However, several previously undetected organic by-products were observed from ethanol oxidation and pyrolysis. Organic speciation was found to vary significantly between methanol and ethanol and less so between natural gas and LP gas. Non-methane organic gases (NMOG) and specific reactivities of the respective fuels were measured, and trends with respect to proposed reactivity adjustment factors are discussed. A qualitative comparison of NMOG quantified in the flow reactor tests with the results of recent vehicle tests is also reported. The most significant differences in the comparisons were observed for toxic compounds, including the lack of detection of acetaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, and benzene from flow reactor experiments of methanol degradation, and the lack of detection of 1,3-butadiene from flow reactor experiments of ethanol combustion. Possible sources for the formation of these compounds in vehicle tests are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Gases
KW  - Butadiene
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Combustion
N1  - Accession Number: 12210859; Taylor, Philip H. 1; Shanbhag, Santosh 1; Rubey, Wayne A. 1; Dellinger, Barry 1; Bergin, Michelle 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio; 2 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Jan99, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p39; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Gases; Thesaurus Term: Butadiene; Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Thesaurus Term: Combustion; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gawande, Kishore
AU  - Wheeler, Timothy
T1  - Measures of Effectiveness for Governmental Organizations.
JO  - Management Science
JF  - Management Science
Y1  - 1999/01//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 58
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00251909
AB  - For organizations whose objective is not necessarily the maximization of a financial quantity, there is little written in the economics and management literature about methods that quantify their effectiveness. Potential users of such methodologies are typically governmental organizations and agencies to whom Congress allocates funding periodically, but may also include many nonprofit organizations. Such research is importantly needed because government is no longer making outlay allocations on a merely historical basis, but is using as a criterion how effectively an organization uses its resources in meeting its objectives. In this paper we analyze the Maritime Safety Program of the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), which is responsible for monitoring the quality of vessels that sail in U.S. waters, and present measures of effectiveness (MOEs) for the Program. We do this at two levels of activity: at an overall program level (Level I) and at a component activity level (Level II). Poisson models are used to construct the MOEs using data on maritime casualties (accidents) between 1990-1993 from the real-time Marine Safety Management System (MSMS) database maintained by the Coast Guard. A feature of the empirical methodology is the Bayesian imputation of missing data. The MOEs constructed here have at least four important uses. First, as the name suggests, they perform the function that financial quantifies such as returns on equity or returns on sales perform for private-sector organizations--that is, they are indicators of efficiency. Second, they can be used as inputs into allocative decisions within the organization. For example, the Level II MOEs can be used as inputs into a programming problem that determines the optimal allocation of resources among component activities. Third, internal performance evaluation across USCG Programs or across Port Units (called Marine Safety Offices) can be based on their respective Level I MOEs. Fourth, and possibly the most important long-run consideration, MOEs provide the basis for better regulation by the government. Without MOEs the nature of regulation is probably suboptimal. By adopting these MOEs as criteria, it will be easier for the government to redesign those aspects of its regulation of the Coast Guard which curtails incentives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Management Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIZATIONAL effectiveness
KW  - RESOURCE allocation
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - NONPROFIT organizations -- Accounting
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - INDUSTRIAL productivity
KW  - RESOURCE management
KW  - INDUSTRIAL organization (Management) -- Research
KW  - MANAGEMENT information systems
KW  - QUALITY control
KW  - ACCOUNTING
KW  - UNITED States. Coast Guard
KW  - POISSON processes
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - EVALUATION
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Government Agencies
KW  - Measures of Effectiveness
KW  - Missing Data.
KW  - poisson Models
N1  - Accession Number: 1995268; Gawande, Kishore 1; Wheeler, Timothy 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131.; 2: Environmental Risk Assessment and Regulatory Analysis Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Issue Info: Jan1999, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p42; Thesaurus Term: ORGANIZATIONAL effectiveness; Thesaurus Term: RESOURCE allocation; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT; Thesaurus Term: NONPROFIT organizations -- Accounting; Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL productivity; Thesaurus Term: RESOURCE management; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL organization (Management) -- Research; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT information systems; Thesaurus Term: QUALITY control; Thesaurus Term: ACCOUNTING; Subject Term: UNITED States. Coast Guard; Subject Term: POISSON processes; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: EVALUATION; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Government Agencies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Measures of Effectiveness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Missing Data.; Author-Supplied Keyword: poisson Models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926120 Regulation and Administration of Transportation Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 4 Charts; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 11073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.
AU  - Thornton, J.P.
AU  - Gee, J.M.
AU  - National Center for Photovoltaics [U.S.]
AU  - National Photovoltaics Program [U.S.]
T1  - NCPV Photovoltaics Program review: proceedings of the 15th conference, Denver, Colorado, September 1998
JO  - NCPV Photovoltaics Program review: proceedings of the 15th conference, Denver, Colorado, September 1998
JF  - NCPV Photovoltaics Program review: proceedings of the 15th conference, Denver, Colorado, September 1998
Y1  - 1999///
M3  - Book
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - Thin films - Electric properties
N1  - Accession Number: MRB-MCS0140875; Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M.; National Center for Photovoltaics [U.S.]; National Photovoltaics Program [U.S.]; Source Info: Woodbury, N.Y.: American Institute of Physics, 1999; xvi, 833 p    ; Note: Publisher Information: American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, N.Y.; Note: Includes bibliographical references and index; Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS:; Note: Thin films; Note: Crystalline materials; Note: Characterization and advanced concepts; Note: Components and systems; Note: Photovoltaic manufacturing; Note: Marketing and applications; Note: Cherry Hill: a look to the future; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Number of Pages: xvi, 833p; Document Type: Book
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - fxh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kallio, Markku
AU  - Rosa, Charles H.
T1  - LARGE-SCALE CONVEX OPTIMIZATION VIA SADDLE POINT COMPUTATION.
JO  - Operations Research
JF  - Operations Research
Y1  - 1999/01//Jan/Feb99
VL  - 47
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 101
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0030364X
AB  - This article proposes large-scale convex optimization problems to be solved via saddle points of the standard Lagrangian. A recent approach for saddle point computation is specialized, by way of a specific perturbation technique and unique scaling method, to convex optimization problems with differentiable objective and constraint functions. In each iteration the update directions for primal and dual variables are determined by gradients of the Lagrangian. These gradients are evaluated at perturbed points that are generated from current points via auxiliary mappings. The resulting algorithm suits massively parallel computing, though in this article we consider only a serial implementation. We test a version of our code embedded within GAMS on 16 nonlinear problems, which are mainly large. These models arise from multistage optimization of economic systems. For larger problems with adequate precision requirements, our implementation appears faster than MINOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - METHOD of steepest descent (Numerical analysis)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 1738327; Kallio, Markku 1,2; Rosa, Charles H. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria.; 2: Helsinki School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland.; 3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Issue Info: Jan/Feb99, Vol. 47 Issue 1, p93; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: METHOD of steepest descent (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Storey, Mark
AU  - Boyd, Gale
AU  - Dowd, Jeff
AD  - Agriculture New Zealand
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory, IL
AD  - US Department of Energy
A2  - Carraro, Carlo
A2  - Leveque, Francois
T1  - Voluntary Agreements with Industry
T2  - Voluntary approaches in environmental policy
PB  - Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Series on Economics, Energy and Environment, vol. 14.
PB  - Dordrecht; Boston and London:
PB  - Kluwer Academic
Y1  - 1999///
SP  - 187
EP  - 207
N1  - Accession Number: 0570577; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7923-5516-4; ; Geographic Descriptors: Selected Countries; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200107
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woltering, E.A.
AU  - Drouant, G.J.
AU  - Diaco, D.S.
AU  - Sharma, C.
AU  - Murphy, W.A.
AU  - Fuselier, J.A.
AU  - Coy, D.H.
AU  - Espenan, G.D.
AU  - Nelson, J.A.
AU  - Fisher, D.R.
AU  - Maloney, T.M.
AU  - O'Dorisio, M.S.
AU  - Chen, F.
AU  - O'Dorisio, T.M.
T1  - Synthesis and characterization of multiply-tyrosinated, multiply-iodinated somatostatin analogs.
JO  - Journal of Peptide Research
JF  - Journal of Peptide Research
Y1  - 1999/02//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 213
SN  - 1397002X
AB  - Radio-labeled somatostatin analogs have recently gained popularity as agents useful in intraoperative tumor localization, external scintigraphy and in situ radiotherapy. We have synthesized and characterized a series of novel N-terminally extended multiply-tyrosinated somatostatin analogs that possess high binding affinity for somatostatin receptors, exhibit biological activity comparable to the native peptide and retain these characteristics after iodination. These analogs can be radio-iodinated to high specific activities. Following radio-iodination, these analogs exhibit minimal radiolysis and may be clinically useful for tumor localization, scanning and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Peptide Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOMATOSTATIN
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - RADIOIODINATION
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - growth hormone
KW  - in situ radiotherapy
KW  - neuroblastoma
KW  - pituitary cells
KW  - radiation
KW  - scintigraphy
KW  - somatostatin
KW  - somatostatin receptors
N1  - Accession Number: 5169204; Woltering, E.A. 1; Drouant, G.J. 1; Diaco, D.S. 1; Sharma, C. 1; Murphy, W.A. 2; Fuselier, J.A. 2; Coy, D.H. 2; Espenan, G.D. 3; Nelson, J.A. 3; Fisher, D.R. 4; Maloney, T.M. 5; O'Dorisio, M.S. 6; Chen, F. 6; O'Dorisio, T.M. 7; Source Information: Feb99, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p201; Subject: SOMATOSTATIN; Subject: TYROSINE; Subject: RADIOIODINATION; Subject: PHYSIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth hormone; Author-Supplied Keyword: in situ radiotherapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: neuroblastoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: pituitary cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: scintigraphy; Author-Supplied Keyword: somatostatin; Author-Supplied Keyword: somatostatin receptors; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Kirchstetter, Thomas W.
AU  - Harley, Robert A.
AU  - Kendall, Gary R.
AU  - Hesson, James M.
T1  - A Fuel-Based Approach to Estimating Motor Vehicle Cold-Start Emissions.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/02//
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 135
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The temporary ineffectiveness of motor vehicle emission controls at startup causes emission rates to be much higher for a short period after starting than during fully warmed, or stabilized, vehicle operation. Official motor vehicle emission inventories estimate that excess emissions during cold-start operation contribute a significant fraction of all hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxide (NO[subx]) emissions from California vehicles. In an effort to verify these estimates under real-world conditions, vehicle emissions were measured in an underground parking garage in Oakland, CA, during March 1997. Hot stabilized emissions were measured as vehicles arrived at the garage in the morning, and cold-start emissions were measured as vehicles exited in the afternoon; the incremental, or excess, emissions associated with vehicle starting were calculated by difference. Composite emissions from ∼135 vehicles were sampled during each of six morning and six afternoon periods. Measured stabilized exhaust emissions were 19 ± 2 g nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC), 223 ± 17 g CO, and 8.6 ± 1.3 g NO[subx] per gal of gasoline consumed. Cold-start emissions of 69 ± 2 g NMHC/gal, 660 ± 15 g CO/gal, and 27.8 ± 1.2 g NO[subx]/gal were measured for vehicles spending an average of ∼ 60 sec in the garage after starting in the afternoon. Using second-by-second emissions data from California's light-duty vehicle surveillance program, average fuel use during cold start was estimated to be ∼ 0.07 gal, and the coldstart period was estimated to last for ∼200 sec. When coldstart emission factors measured in the garage were scaled to represent the full 200-sec cold-start period, incremental start emission factors of 2.1 g NMHC, 16 g CO, and 2.1 g NO[subx] per vehicle start were calculated. These emission factors are lower than those used by California's motor vehicle emission inventory model (MVEI 7G) by 45% for NMHC... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Automobiles
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 12147472; Singer, Brett C. 1,2; Kirchstetter, Thomas W. 1; Harley, Robert A. 3,4; Kendall, Gary R. 5; Hesson, James M. 5; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California; 2 : Postdoctoral researcher, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 3 : Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UC Berkeley; 4 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 631 Davis Hall #1710, University of California, Berkeley, CA 97420-1710; 5 : Technical Services Division, Bay Area Air Quality Management District, San Francisco, California;  Source Info: Feb99, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p125; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Automobiles; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107201297
T1  - A very-low fat diet is not associated with improved lipoprotein profiles in men with a predominance of large, low-density lipoproteins.
AU  - Dreon DM
AU  - Fernstrom HA
AU  - Williams PT
AU  - Krauss RM
Y1  - 1999/03//
N1  - Accession Number: 107201297. Language: English. Entry Date: 19990701. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0376027. 
KW  - Lipoproteins, LDL -- Blood
KW  - Diet, Fat-Restricted
KW  - Lipoproteins, LDL Cholesterol -- Blood
KW  - Body Weights and Measures
KW  - Body Mass Index
KW  - Blood Pressure Determination
KW  - Crossover Design
KW  - Random Assignment
KW  - Data Analysis Software
KW  - Descriptive Statistics
KW  - Comparative Studies
KW  - Univariate Statistics
KW  - Kruskal-Wallis Test
KW  - Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
KW  - Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient
KW  - Two-Tailed Test
KW  - Adult
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Aged
KW  - Male
KW  - Human
SP  - 411
EP  - 418
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JA  - AM J CLIN NUTR
VL  - 69
IS  - 3
CY  - Bethesda, Maryland
PB  - American Society for Nutrition
AB  - BACKGROUND: We found previously that men with a predominance of large LDL particles (phenotype A) consuming high-fat diets (40-46% fat) show less lipoprotein benefits of low-fat diets (20-24% fat) than do men with a high-risk lipoprotein profile characterized by a predominance of small LDL (phenotype B). Furthermore, one-third of men with phenotype A consuming a high-fat diet converted to phenotype B with a low-fat diet. OBJECTIVE: We investigated effects of further reduction in dietary fat in men with persistence of LDL subclass phenotype A during both high- and low-fat diets. DESIGN: Thirty-eight men who had shown phenotype A after 4-6 wk of both high- and low-fat diets consumed for 10 d a 10%-fat diet (2.7% saturates) with replacement of fat with carbohydrate and no change in cholesterol content or ratio of polyunsaturates to saturates. RESULTS: In 26 men, phenotype A persisted (stable A group) whereas 12 converted to phenotype B (change group). LDL cholesterol did not differ from previous values for 20-24%-fat diets in either group, whereas in the change group there were higher concentrations of triacylglycerol and apolipoprotein B; greater mass of HDL, large LDL-I, small LDL-III and LDL-IV, and HDL3; lower concentrations of HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I; and lower mass of large LDL-I and HDL2. CONCLUSIONS: There is no apparent lipoprotein benefit of reduction in dietary fat from 20-24% to 10% in men with large LDL particles: LDL-cholesterol concentration was not reduced, and in a subset of subjects there was a shift to small LDL along with increased triacylglycerol and reduced HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Copyright (c) 1999 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
SN  - 0002-9165
AD  - Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Room 459, Berkeley, CA 94720. E-mail: rmkrauss@1b1.gov
U2  - PMID: 10075324.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hendrey, George R.
AU  - Ellsworth, David S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Nagy, JohN.
T1  - A free-air enrichment system for exposing tall forest vegetation to elevated atmospheric CO2.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1999/03//
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 309
SN  - 13541013
AB  - AbstractA free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) system was designed to permit the experimental exposure of tall vegetation such as stands of forest trees to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations ([CO2]a) without enclosures that alter tree microenvironment. We describe a prototype FACE system currently in operation in forest plots in a maturing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stand in North Carolina, USA. The system uses feedback control technology to control [CO2] in a 26 m diameter forest plot that is over 10 m tall, while monitoring the 3D plot volume to characterize the whole-stand CO2 regime achieved during enrichment. In the second summer season of operation of the FACE system, atmospheric CO2 enrichment was conducted in the forest during all daylight hours for 96.7% of the scheduled running time from 23 May to 14 October with a preset target [CO2] of 550 μmol mol–1, ≈ 200 μmol mol–1 above ambient [CO2]. The system provided spatial and temporal control of [CO2] similar to that reported for open-top chambers over trees, but without enclosing the vegetation. The daily average daytime [CO2] within the upper forest canopy at the centre of the FACE plot was 552 ± 9 μmol mol–1 (mean ± SD). The FACE system maintained 1-minute average [CO2] to within ± 110 μmol mol–1 of the target [CO2] for 92% of the operating time. Deviations of [CO2] outside of this range were short-lived (most lasting < 60 s) and rare, with fewer than 4 excursion events of a minute or longer per day. Acceptable spatial control of [CO2] by the system was achieved, with over 90% of the entire canopy volume within ± 10% of the target [CO2] over the exposure season. CO2 consumption by the FACE system was much higher than for open-top chambers on an absolute basis, but similar to that of open-top chambers and branch bag chambers on a per unit volume basis. CO2 consumption by the FACE system was strongly related to windspeed, averaging 50 g CO2 m–3 h–1 for the stand for an average windspeed of 1.5 m s–1 during summer. The [CO2] control results show that the free-air approach is a tractable way to study long-term and short-term alterations in trace gases, even within entire tall forest ecosystems. The FACE approach permits the study of a wide range of forest stand and ecosystem processes under manipulated [CO2]a that were previously impossible or intractable to study in true forest ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Vegetation dynamics
KW  - Effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide on plants
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - FACE
KW  - forest ecosystem
KW  - free-air CO
KW  - Pinus taeda
KW  - trace gas exposure technology
N1  - Accession Number: 5608087; Hendrey, George R. 1; Ellsworth, David S. 1; Lewin, Keith F. 1; Nagy, JohN. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Environmental Biology and Instrumentation, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA;  Source Info: Mar1999, Vol. 5 Issue 3, p293; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide on plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest ecosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus taeda; Author-Supplied Keyword: trace gas exposure technology; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00228.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, Andrew G.
AU  - Ball, J. Timothy
AU  - Luo, YiqI.
AU  - Field, Christopher B.
AU  - Reich, Peter B.
AU  - Curtis, Peter S.
AU  - Griffin, Kevin L.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Tissue, David T.
AU  - Forstreuter, Manfred
AU  - Rey, AnA.
AU  - Vogel, Christoph S.
AU  - participants, Cmeal
T1  - The photosynthesis – leaf nitrogen relationship at ambient and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide: a meta-analysis.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1999/03//
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
EP  - 346
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Estimation of leaf photosynthetic rate (A) from leaf nitrogen content (N) is both conceptually and numerically important in models of plant, ecosystem, and biosphere responses to global change. The relationship between A and N has been studied extensively at ambient CO2 but much less at elevated CO2. This study was designed to (i) assess whether the A–N relationship was more similar for species within than between community and vegetation types, and (ii) examine how growth at elevated CO2 affects the A–N relationship. Data were obtained for 39 C3 species grown at ambient CO2 and 10 C3 species grown at ambient and elevated CO2. A regression model was applied to each species as well as to species pooled within different community and vegetation types. Cluster analysis of the regression coefficients indicated that species measured at ambient CO2 did not separate into distinct groups matching community or vegetation type. Instead, most community and vegetation types shared the same general parameter space for regression coefficients. Growth at elevated CO2 increased photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency for pines and deciduous trees. When species were pooled by vegetation type, the A–N relationship for deciduous trees expressed on a leaf-mass basis was not altered by elevated CO2, while the intercept increased for pines. When regression coefficients were averaged to give mean responses for different vegetation types, elevated CO2 increased the intercept and the slope for deciduous trees but increased only the intercept for pines. There were no statistical differences between the pines and deciduous trees for the effect of CO2. Generalizations about the effect of elevated CO2 on the A–N relationship, and differences between pines and deciduous trees will be enhanced as more data become available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - Effect of nitrogen on plants
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Leaves
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - leaf nitrogen
KW  - meta-analysis
KW  - photosynthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 5608084; Peterson, Andrew G. 1; Ball, J. Timothy 1; Luo, YiqI. 1; Field, Christopher B. 2; Reich, Peter B. 3; Curtis, Peter S. 4; Griffin, Kevin L. 5; Gunderson, Carla A. 6; Norby, Richard J. 6; Tissue, David T. 7; Forstreuter, Manfred 8; Rey, AnA. 9; Vogel, Christoph S. 10; participants, Cmeal; Affiliations: 1 : Biological Sciences Center, Desert Research Institute, PO Box 60220, Reno, NV, 89506, USA,; 2 : Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Plant Biology, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,; 3 : Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA,; 4 : Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University 1735 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA,; 5 : Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9 W, 6 Marine Biology, Palisades, NY 10964, USA,; 6 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA,; 7 : Department of Biology, Flint and Main Street, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA,; 8 : Technical University Berlin, Institute of Ecology, Koenigin-Luise-Str.22, D-14195 Berlin, Germany,; 9 : IERM, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh University, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JU, UK,; 10 : University of Michigan Biological Station, 9008 Biological Rd, Pellston MI 49769, USA Abstract;  Source Info: Mar1999, Vol. 5 Issue 3, p331; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Thesaurus Term: Effect of nitrogen on plants; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Leaves; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: meta-analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00234.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Gorse Jr., Robert A.
AU  - Belian, Timothy C.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Eighth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/03//
VL  - 49
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
EP  - 255
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The Coordinating Research Council (CRC) has sponsored a series of workshops over the last decade focusing on the most recent real-world vehicle emissions research. This summary presents findings from the eighth CRC-sponsored workshop from researchers who are engaged in improving our understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to air quality. Participants in the workshop discussed efforts to evaluate and improve mobile source emission models, field programs designed to understand the contribution of mobile sources to emission inventories, results from gas- and particle-phase emissions studies from spark-ignition and diesel-powered vehicles, as well as topics for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Associations, institutions, etc.
KW  - Research
KW  - Workshops (Adult education)
N1  - Accession Number: 12152535; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Gorse Jr., Robert A. 2; Belian, Timothy C. 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Email Address: doug_lawson@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 2 : Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan; 3 : Coordinating Research Council, Atlanta, Georgia; 4 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Mar99, Vol. 49 Issue 3, p242; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject Term: Associations, institutions, etc.; Subject Term: Research; Subject Term: Workshops (Adult education); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plotkin, Steve
T1  - Technologies and Policies for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the U.S. Automobile and Light Truck Fleet.
JO  - Transportation Quarterly
JF  - Transportation Quarterly
Y1  - 1999///Spring99
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 30
SN  - 02789434
AB  - The transportation sector produces slightly more than 30% of the greenhouse gas emissions from the United States, with light-duty vehicles—automobiles and light trucks—accounting for more than half of the sector's emissions. This makes the light-duty vehicle fleet an appealing target for carbon emissions reductions undertaken in pursuit of satisfying the United States' potential obligations under the Kyoto protocol. Furthermore, the current light-duty vehicle fleet is essentially fully dependent on petroleum for its energy supply, so reductions in greenhouse gases will yield similar reductions in U.S. oil use, an attractive proposition to those concerned about U.S. dependence on petroleum imports. Reducing light-duty greenhouse gas emissions and petroleum use can be accomplished by increasing vehicle energy efficiency, shifting travel to more efficient modes, reducing travel overall (by increasing the price of travel, changing development patterns, or other means), changing fuels, and increasing vehicle occupancy. This article focuses on policies and technologies for increasing vehicle energy efficiency, though policies that raise fuel prices will encourage other physical measures, as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Quarterly is the property of Eno Foundation for Transportation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL aspects
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL health
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12129520; Plotkin, Steve 1; Affiliations: 1: Center for Transportation Research of the Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Spring99, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p7; Thesaurus Term: TRANSPORTATION; Thesaurus Term: AIR pollution; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTION; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL aspects; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL health; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - With, Kimberly A.
AU  - King, Anthony W.
T1  - Extinction Thresholds for Species in Fractal Landscapes.
JO  - Conservation Biology
JF  - Conservation Biology
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 314
EP  - 326
SN  - 08888892
AB  - Predicts the extinction thresholds for species using fractal landscaping. Implications of habitat loss and fragmentation for conservation biologists; Concept of extinction thresholds; Limitation on the demographic potential of the species of conservation.
KW  - Extinction (Biology)
KW  - Fragmented landscapes
KW  - Species
N1  - Accession Number: 5303727; With, Kimberly A. 1; King, Anthony W. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biological Sciences , Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, U.S.A., email kwith@bgnet.bgsu.edu; 2 : Environmental Sciences Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A., email awk@ornl.gov;  Source Info: Apr99, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p314; Thesaurus Term: Extinction (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Fragmented landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Species; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.013002314.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waters, Robert D.
AU  - Parker, Frank L.
T1  - Reliability Analysis for Hazardous Waste Treatment Processes.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 259
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The reliability of a treatment process is addressed in terms of achieving a regulatory effluent concentration standard and the design safety factors associated with the treatment process. This methodology was then applied to two aqueous hazardous waste treatment processes: packed tower aeration and activated sludge (aerobic) biological treatment. The designs achieving 95 percent reliability were compared with those designs based on conventional practice to determine their patterns of conservatism. Scoping-level treatment costs were also related to reliability levels for these treatment processes. The results indicate that the reliability levels for the physical/chemical treatment process (packed tower aeration) based on the deterministic safety factors range from 80 percent to over 99 percent, whereas those for the biological treatment process range from near 0 percent to over 99 percent, depending on the compound evaluated. Increases in reliability per unit increase in treatment costs are most pronounced at lower reliability levels (less than about 80 percent) than at the higher reliability levels (greater than 90 percent, indicating a point of diminishing returns. Additional research focused on process parameters that presently contain large uncertainties may reduce those uncertainties, with attending increases in the reliability levels of the treatment processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HAZARDOUS wastes
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - HAZARDOUS substances
KW  - ECONOMIES of scale
KW  - DIMINISHING returns
KW  - WASTE products
KW  - SAFETY
KW  - activated sludge
KW  - Aqueous hazardous waste
KW  - Biological treatment
KW  - hazardous waste treatment
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - packed tower
KW  - Reliability
KW  - safety factor
KW  - Waste treatment
KW  - Waste treatment process
N1  - Accession Number: 8115003; Waters, Robert D. 1; Parker, Frank L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, 115 N. Main St., Carlsbad, NM 88220.; 2: Vanderbilt University, PO Box 1596B, Nashville, TN 37235.; Issue Info: Apr99, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p249; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS wastes; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS substances; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMIES of scale; Thesaurus Term: DIMINISHING returns; Subject Term: WASTE products; Subject Term: SAFETY; Author-Supplied Keyword: activated sludge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous hazardous waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: hazardous waste treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: packed tower; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reliability; Author-Supplied Keyword: safety factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Waste treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Waste treatment process; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ng, Esmond G.
AU  - Raghavan, Padma
T1  - PERFORMANCE OF GREEDY ORDERING HEURISTICS FOR SPARSE CHOLESKY FACTORIZATION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 902
EP  - 914
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - Greedy algorithms for ordering sparse matrices for Cholesky factorization can be based on different metrics. Minimum degree, a popular and effective greedy ordering scheme, minimizes the number of nonzero entries in the rank-1 update (degree) at each step of the factorization. Alternatively, minimum deficiency minimizes the number of nonzero entries introduced (deficiency) at each step of the factorization. In this paper we develop two new heuristics: modified minimum deficiency (MMDF) and modified multiple minimum degree (MMMD). The former uses a metric similar to deficiency while the latter uses a degree-like metric. Our experiments reveal that on the average, MMDF orderings result in 21% fewer operations to factor than minimum degree; MMMD orderings result in 15% fewer operations to factor than minimum degree. MMMD requires on the average 7–13% more time than minimum degree, while MMDF requires on the average 33–34% more time than minimum degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEURISTIC programming
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - LINEAR orderings
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - greedy heuristics
KW  - minimum deficiency
KW  - minimum degree
KW  - sparse matrix ordering
N1  - Accession Number: 13213605; Ng, Esmond G. 1; Email Address: ngeg@ornl.gov; Raghavan, Padma 2; Email Address: padma@cs.utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367; 2: Ayes Hall, Department of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1301; Issue Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p902; Thesaurus Term: HEURISTIC programming; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: LINEAR orderings; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: greedy heuristics; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum deficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum degree; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse matrix ordering; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhaojun Bai
AU  - Day, David
AU  - Qiang Ye
T1  - ABLE: AN ADAPTIVE BLOCK LANCZOS METHOD FOR NON-HERMITIAN EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1060
EP  - 1082
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - This work presents an adaptive block Lanczos method for large-scale non-Hermitian Eigenvalue problems (henceforth the ABLE method). The ABLE method is a block version of the non-Hermitian Lanczos algorithm. There are three innovations. First, an adaptive blocksize scheme cures (near) breakdown and adapts the blocksize to the order of multiple or clustered eigenvalues. Second, stopping criteria are developed that exploit the semiquadratic convergence property of the method. Third, a well-known technique from the Hermitian Lanczos algorithm is generalized to monitor the loss of biorthogonality and maintain semibiorthogonality among the computed Lanczos vectors. Each innovation is theoretically justified. Academic model problems and real application problems are solved to demonstrate the numerical behaviors of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - VECTOR spaces
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - eigenvalue problem
KW  - lanczos method
KW  - non-hermitian matrices
KW  - spectral transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 13213614; Zhaojun Bai 1; Email Address: bai@ms.uky.edu; Day, David 2; Email Address: dday@cs.sandia.gov; Qiang Ye 3; Email Address: ye@gauss.amath.umanitoba.ca; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506; 2: MS 1110, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185; 3: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Issue Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p1060; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: VECTOR spaces; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvalue problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: lanczos method; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-hermitian matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral transformation; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geist, G. A.
AU  - Howell, G. W.
AU  - Watkins, D. S.
T1  - THE BR EIGENVALUE ALGORITHM.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
EP  - 1098
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - The BR algorithm, a new method for calculating the eigenvalues of an upper Hes- senberg matrix, is introduced. It is a bulge-chasing algorithm like the QR algorithm, but, unlike the QR algorithm, it is well adapted to computing the eigenvalues of the narrow-band, nearly tridiagonal matrices generated by the look-ahead Lanczos process. This paper describes the BR algorithm and gives numerical evidence that it works well in conjunction with the Lanczos process. On the biggest problems run so far, the BR algorithm beats the QR algorithm by a factor of 30–60 in computing time and a factor of over 100 in matrix storage space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - eigenvalue computation
KW  - qr algorithm
KW  - unsymmetric lanczos process
N1  - Accession Number: 13213655; Geist, G. A. 1; Email Address: gst@ornl.gov; Howell, G. W. 2; Email Address: howell@zach.fit.edu; Watkins, D. S. 3; Email Address: watkins@wsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: Mathematical Sciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Box 2008, Bldg. 6012, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367; 2: Department of Applied Mathematics Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Boulivard, Melbourne, FL 32901; 3: Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-3113; Issue Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p1083; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvalue computation; Author-Supplied Keyword: qr algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsymmetric lanczos process; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pierson, William R.
AU  - Schorran, David E.
AU  - Fujita, Eric M.
AU  - Sagebiel, John C.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
AU  - Tanner, Roger L.
T1  - Assessment of Nontailpipe Hydrocarbon Emissions from Motor Vehicles.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 498
EP  - 519
SN  - 10962247
AB  - This report evaluates tailpipe and nontailpipe hydrocarbon (HC) emissions from light-duty spark-ignition (SI) vehicles. The sources of information were unpublished data sets, generated mainly from 1990 through 1994, on emissions from volunteer fleets of in-use vehicles in chassis dynamometer and sealed housing for evaporative determination tests, and published chemical mass balance (CMB) source apportionments of HC in roadway tunnels and in urban air. The nontailpipe emissions evaluated comprise running-loss, hot soak, diurnal emissions, and resting-loss emissions. Relations between pressure and purge test failures and actual nontailpipe emissions were also examined. According to the recruited fleet data, nontailpipe emissions exceed tailpipe HC emissions by a wide margin. This is contradicted by real-world ambient and roadway tunnel CMB results, which attribute 65-93% of motor vehicle non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) to tailpipe emissions, and the balance from the nontailpipe. Running-loss emission rates were critically dependent on driving cycle and conditioning. They decreased steeply with increasing vehicle speed, according to the fleet data. They increased with ambient temperature and fuel Reid vapor pressure (RVP) at rates of ∼7%/°F and 46%/psi. Hot soak, diurnal, and resting-loss emission rates all increased with increasing ambient temperatures, at rates in the range of 2.2-4.6%/°F. Hot soak and diurnal emission rates increased with increasing fuel RVP, at rates between 34 and 47%/psi increase in RVP (at 95 °F ambient temperature). Vehicle-to-vehicle variation in HC emission rates was very large in all nontailpipe (and tailpipe) emissions categories. For each emission category, 10% of the vehicles produced ∼50% of the emissions. The dirtiest 10% of the vehicles in any one category, however, were not usually the same vehicles as the dirtiest 10% of the vehicles in any other category, however, were not usually the same vehicles as the... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution monitoring
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Urban pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 12147523; Pierson, William R. 1; Email Address: billp@dri.edu; Schorran, David E. 1; Fujita, Eric M. 1; Sagebiel, John C. 1; Lawson, Douglas R. 2; Tanner, Roger L. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; 2 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; 3 : TVA Environmental Research Center, Muscle Shoals, Alabama;  Source Info: May99, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p498; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles; Thesaurus Term: Urban pollution; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 10 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Price, J. L.
T1  - Airborne Emissions of Mercury from Municipal Landfill Operations: A Short-Term Measurement Study in Florida.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 520
EP  - 532
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Large quantities of mercury (Hg) have been placed in municipal landfills from a wide array of sources, including fluorescent lights, batteries, electrical switches, thermometers, and general waste. Despite its known volatility, persistence, and toxicity in the environment, the fate of this Hg has not been widely studied. Using automated flux chambers and atmospheric sampling, we quantified the primary pathways of Hg vapor releases to the atmosphere at two municipal landfill operations in south Florida for eight days in April 1997. These pathways included landfill gas (LFG) releases from passive and active vent systems, passive emissions from landfill surface covers of different ages (including CH[sub4] "hot spots"), and emissions from daily activities at a working face (WF). Hg vapor was released to the atmosphere at readily detectable rates from all sources measured. Emission rates ranged from ∼1 to 20 ng m[sup-2] hr[sup-1] over aged surface covers (generally comparable to background soils), from ∼6 to 2400 ng/hr from LFG vents and flares, and from ∼5 to 60 mg/hr at the WF. In general the fluxes increased from older to newer landfills, from fresh to aged cover, and from passive to active venting systems. Limited data suggest that methyl- and other organo-mercury compounds may also be emitted from these sites, suggesting an important area for future research. We estimate that atmospheric Hg releases from municipal landfill operations in the state of Florida are on the order of 10 kg/yr, or <1% of the estimated total anthropogenic Hg releases to air in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Mercury wastes
KW  - Landfills
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Florida
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12147524; Lindberg, S. E. 1; Price, J. L. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2 : Waste Management Division, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, Florida;  Source Info: May99, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p520; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Mercury wastes; Thesaurus Term: Landfills; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject: Florida; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sample, B. E.
AU  - Arenal, C. A.
T1  - Allometric Models for Interspecies Extrapolation of Wildlife Toxicity Data.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 62
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 663
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article examines the toxicity values in avian and mammalian species through allometric scaling or an extrapolation method, which is based on the observation that many biological properties vary directly due to body weight. A total of 2,853 acute avian and mammalian toxicity values were obtained and the average avian scaling factor included alkaloids, inorganic, organochlorines and drugs. This suggests a scaling factor of 1.2 that could be appropriate for bird inter-species extrapolations for many chemicals.
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Experimental toxicology
KW  - Chronic toxicity testing
KW  - Mammals
KW  - Organochlorine compounds
KW  - Environmental toxicology
KW  - Allometry
KW  - Birds -- Behavior
KW  - Alkaloids
N1  - Accession Number: 15731003; Sample, B. E. 1; Arenal, C. A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA;  Source Info: Jun99, Vol. 62 Issue 6, p653; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Experimental toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Chronic toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Mammals; Thesaurus Term: Organochlorine compounds; Thesaurus Term: Environmental toxicology; Subject Term: Allometry; Subject Term: Birds -- Behavior; Subject Term: Alkaloids; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Isaacson, John
AU  - Hollinger, R. Eric
AU  - Gundrum, Darrell
AU  - Baird, Joyce
T1  - A Controlled Archaeological Test Site Facility in Illinois: Training and Research in Archaeogeophysics.
JO  - Journal of Field Archaeology
JF  - Journal of Field Archaeology
Y1  - 1999///Summer99
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 236
SN  - 00934690
AB  - A Controlled Archaeological Test Site (CATS) facility has been constructed in Champaign, Illinois, by the Cultural Resources Research Center at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, with funding provided by the National Center for Preservation Technology and Training. The test site will be utilized for research and training with geophysical applications in archaeology. The CATS facility replicates a range of archaeological features commonly encountered in North American archaeological sites and offers a controlled environment for the application of non-destructive investigative techniques. The site provides the opportunity for geophysicists and archaeologists to work with features of known geophysical attributes in a controlled geomorphological setting. In addition to providing a controlled ‘test bed’ for training students in the use of geophysical techniques, the CATS facility will be available for research in a broad range of problems associated with archaeogeophysics, such as the effects of environmental conditions on geophysical expression, sensor type and configuration, data sample density, image processing and pattern recognition, operator variation, and feature variability. This research will contribute to our ability to interpret geophysical data and refine field methods for application in archaeological investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Field Archaeology is the property of Maney Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Excavations (Archaeology)
KW  - Archaeology
KW  - Pattern perception
KW  - Differences
KW  - Image processing
KW  - Geomorphology -- Research
KW  - Geophysics
KW  - Geophysicists
KW  - Illinois
N1  - Accession Number: 26018312; Isaacson, John 1; Hollinger, R. Eric 2; Gundrum, Darrell 3; Baird, Joyce 3; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico; 2 : Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts; 3 : United States Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory Champaign, Illinois;  Source Info: Summer99, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p227; Thesaurus Term: Excavations (Archaeology); Thesaurus Term: Archaeology; Subject Term: Pattern perception; Subject Term: Differences; Subject Term: Image processing; Subject Term: Geomorphology -- Research; Subject Term: Geophysics; Subject Term: Geophysicists; Subject: Illinois; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, R. F.
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
T1  - Effects of Wet Acid Deposition and Soil Fertility on Seedling Growth, Nutrition, and Water Relations.
JO  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
JF  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 9
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
SN  - 10549811
AB  - Responses of juvenile white oak (Quercus albaL.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taedaL.) to simulated acid precipitation (pH 4.8, 4.2, and 3.6), as influenced by soil fertility, were examined. Height and stem diameter growth of white oak decreased with increasing rainfall acidity, although the height response was confined to the high fertility treatment, and root mass was reduced by pH 3.6 rains as well. Height and diameter growth also declined with increasing acidity in loblolly pine, and shoot and root mass and root length and specific length were reduced in low fertility by pH 3.6 rains. Direct foliar injury increased with increasing acidity in loblolly pine, but pH 3.6 rainfall stimulated mycorrhization of this species. Foliar Ca, Mg, and Cu were reduced in both species by pH 3.6 and pH 4.2 rains as was S by the former. Conversely, the Fe concentration was elevated by pH 3.6 and pH 4.2 rainfall in loblolly pine as was Zn by the former. Foliar Al increased with increasing acidity in both white oak and loblolly pine, a response partially attenuated by high soil fertility. Xylem pressure potential of loblolly pine that had received pH 3.6 rainfall declined below that of other treatments during a simulated drought episode. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sustainable Forestry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75950049; Walker, R. F. 1; Email Address: walker@ers.unr.edu; McLaughlin, S. B. 2; Affiliations: 1 : University of Nevada, Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV, 89512, USA; 2 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1059, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA;  Source Info: Jun1999, Vol. 9 Issue 3/4, p1; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J091v09n03_01
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LaKind, Judy S.
AU  - Graves, Carol G.
AU  - Ginevan, Michael E.
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
AU  - Naiman, Daniel Q.
AU  - Tardiff, Robert G.
T1  - Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the Workplace and the Impact of Away-From-Work Exposure.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 358
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Concentrating on exposure in workplaces where smoking occurs, we examined environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-related concentration data from the 16-City Study.(1,2)  This study involved a large population of nonsmokers, used personal monitors, and encompassed a wide selection of ETS-related constituents. This first article in a series of three describes the 16-City Study, considers the impact of demographic variables, and concludes that these variables did not explaindifferences in exposure to ETS. We compared 16-City Study concentrations obtained in the workplace to previously reported workplace concentrations and determined that data from this study were representative of current ETS exposure in nonmanufacturing workplaces where smoking occurs. Considering factors other than demographic factors, we found that, not surprisingly, the number of cigarettes observed in the workplace had an impact on exposure concentrations. Finally, we compared people from homes where smoking occurs with people from nonsmoking homes and found that people from smoking homes observed more smoking in the workplace and experienced higher concentrations of ETS-relatedcompounds in the workplace, even when they observed the same number of cigarettes being smoked in the workplace. In two subsequent articles in this series, we discuss relationships between various ETS markers and provide estimates of distributions of doses to nonsmoking workers employed in workplaces where smoking occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - THRESHOLD limit values (Industrial toxicology)
KW  - WORK environment
KW  - TOBACCO smoke
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL exposure
KW  - SUBSTANCE abuse
KW  - 16-City Study
KW  - avoidance
KW  - Environmental exposure
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - personal monitoring
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Tobacco smoke
KW  - workplace exposure.
N1  - Accession Number: 8115013; LaKind, Judy S.; Graves, Carol G. 1; Ginevan, Michael E.; Jenkins, Roger A. 2; Naiman, Daniel Q. 3; Tardiff, Robert G. 1; Affiliations: 1: The Sapphire Group, Inc., 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700, Bethesda, MD 20814; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 3: Johns Hopkins University, Department of Mathematical Sciences; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p349; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: THRESHOLD limit values (Industrial toxicology); Thesaurus Term: WORK environment; Subject Term: TOBACCO smoke; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; Subject Term: SUBSTANCE abuse; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16-City Study; Author-Supplied Keyword: avoidance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Occupational exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: personal monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: workplace exposure.; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LaKind, Judy S.
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
AU  - Naiman, Daniel Q.
AU  - Ginevan, Michael E.
AU  - Graves, Carol G.
AU  - Tardiff, Robert G.
T1  - Use of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Constituents as Markers for Exposure.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
EP  - 373
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The 16-City Study analyzed for gas-phase environmental tobacco smoke(ETS) constituents (nicotine, 3-ethenyl pyridine [3-EP], and myosmine) and for particulate-phase constituents (respirable particulate matter [RSP], ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter [UVPM], fluorescing particulate matter [FPM], scopoletin, and solanesol). In this second of three articles, we discuss the merits of each constituent as a marker for ETS and report pair-wise comparisons of the markers. Neither nicotine nor UVPM were good predictors for RSP. However, nicotine and UVPM were good qualitative predictors of each other. Nicotine wascorrelated with other gas-phase constituents. Comparisons between UVPM and other particulate-phase constituents were performed. Its relation with FPM was excellent, with UVPM approximately 11/2 times FPM. The correlation between UVPM and solanesol was good, but the relationship between the two was not linear. The relation between UVPM and scopoletin was not good, largely because of noise in the scopoletin measures around its limit of detection. We considered the relation between nicotine and saliva cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine. The two were highly correlated on the group level. That is, for each cell (smoking home and work, smoking home but nonsmoking work, and so forth), there was high correlation between average cotinine and 24-hour time-weighted average (TWA) nicotine concentrations. However, on the individual level, the correlations, although significant, were not biologically meaningful. A consideration of cotinine and nicotine or 3-EP on asubset of the study whose only exposure to ETS was exclusively at work or exclusively at home showed that home exposure was a more important source of ETS than work exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - THRESHOLD limit values (Industrial toxicology)
KW  - TOBACCO smoke
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL exposure
KW  - SMOKING
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - 16-City Study
KW  - Biological significance
KW  - Environmental exposure
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - markers
KW  - nicotine
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - personal monitoring
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - saliva cotinine
KW  - Tobacco smoke
KW  - workplace exposure.
N1  - Accession Number: 8115022; LaKind, Judy S.; Jenkins, Roger A. 1; Naiman, Daniel Q. 2; Ginevan, Michael E.; Graves, Carol G. 3; Tardiff, Robert G. 3; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2: The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Mathematical Sciences; 3: The Sapphire Group, Inc., 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700, Bethesda, MD 20814; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p359; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: THRESHOLD limit values (Industrial toxicology); Subject Term: TOBACCO smoke; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; Subject Term: SMOKING; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16-City Study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological significance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: markers; Author-Supplied Keyword: nicotine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Occupational exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: personal monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: saliva cotinine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: workplace exposure.; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lakind, Judy S.
AU  - Ginevan, Michael E.
AU  - Naiman, Daniel Q.
AU  - James, Anthony C.
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
AU  - Dourson, Michael L.
AU  - Felter, Susan P.
AU  - Graves, Carol G.
AU  - Tardiff, Robert G.
T1  - Distribution of Exposure Concentrations and Doses for Constituents of Environmental Tobacco Smoke.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 390
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The ultimate goal of the research reported in this series of three articles is to derive distributions of doses of selected environmentaltobacco smoke (ETS)-related chemicals for nonsmoking workers. This analysis uses data from the 16-City Study collected with personal monitors over the course of one workday in workplaces where smoking occurred. In this article, we describe distributions of ETS chemical concentrations and the characteristics of those distributions (e.g., whether the distribution was log normal for a given constituent) for the workplace exposure. Next, we present population parameters relevant for estimating dose distributions and the methods used for estimating those dose distributions. Finally, we derive distributions of doses ofselected ETS-related constituents obtained in the workplace for people in smoking work environments. Estimating dose distributions provided information beyond the usual point estimate of dose and showed that the preponderance of individuals exposed to ETS in the workplace were exposed at the low end of the dose distribution curve. The resultsof this analysis include estimations of hourly maxima and time-weighted average (TWA) doses of nicotine from workplace exposures to ETS (extrapolated from 1 day to 1 week) and doses derived from modeled lung burdens of ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter (UVPM) and solanesol resulting from workplace exposures to ETS (extrapolated from 1 day to 1 year). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - TOBACCO smoke
KW  - POPULATION dynamics
KW  - CHEMICAL terrorism
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL exposure
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - 16-City Study
KW  - distributional analysis
KW  - dose distributions
KW  - Environmental exposure
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - nicotine
KW  - Population dynamics
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - solanesol
KW  - Tobacco smoke
KW  - ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter
KW  - Ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter (UVPM)
KW  - workplace exposure.
N1  - Accession Number: 8115011; Lakind, Judy S. 1; Ginevan, Michael E.; Naiman, Daniel Q. 2; James, Anthony C.; Jenkins, Roger A. 3; Dourson, Michael L.; Felter, Susan P.; Graves, Carol G. 4; Tardiff, Robert G. 4; Affiliations: 1: LaKind Associates, LLC; 2: The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Mathematical Sciences; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 4: The Sapphire Group, Inc., 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700, Bethesda, MD 20814; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p375; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: TOBACCO smoke; Subject Term: POPULATION dynamics; Subject Term: CHEMICAL terrorism; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16-City Study; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributional analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: nicotine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Population dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: solanesol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter (UVPM); Author-Supplied Keyword: workplace exposure.; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
T1  - Carbon Dioxide Efflux Rates from Stems of Mature Quercus prinus L. and Acer rubrum L. Trees Do Not Appear to Be Affected by Sapflow Rates.
JO  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
JF  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Y1  - 1999/06/02/
VL  - 10
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 131
SN  - 10549811
N1  - Accession Number: 75950130; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6422, USA;  Source Info: Jan1999, Vol. 10 Issue 1/2, p125; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J091v10n01_14
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lederman, Leon M.
T1  - A Science Way of Thinking.
JO  - Education Week
JF  - Education Week
J1  - Education Week
PY  - 1999/06/16/
Y1  - 1999/06/16/
VL  - 18
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
SN  - 02774232
AB  - Suggests how to view the general failure of school reform movements.  Prospects for continued escalation of change; Influence of molecular biology; Suggested content of a standards-based science curriculum; Unifying themes in science and mathematics.
KW  - EDUCATIONAL change
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - EDUCATION
KW  - TEACHING
N1  - Accession Number: 2011525; Source Information: 06/16/99, Vol. 18 Issue 40, p56; Subject Term: EDUCATIONAL change; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: EDUCATION; Subject Term: TEACHING; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; ; Document Type: Article; ; Full Text Word Count: 1957; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - trh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plummer, David W.
AU  - Dalton, Larry J.
AU  - Peter, Frank J.
T1  - THE RECODABLE LOCKING DEVICE.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1999/07//
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 87
PB  - Association for Computing Machinery
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article presents a brief information about the Recodable Locking Device (RLD). RLD is a mechanical switch constructed using polycrystalline silicon surface microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Polysilicon surface micromachining is a process for manufacturing MEMS, which is based on the manufacturing methods and tool sets used to fabricate integrated electronic circuits. The RLD produced using New Mexico-based Sandia National Laboratories' unique multilevel mechanical polysilicon surface micromachinig technology. The RLD performs two primary functions: code discrimination and energy switching. The RLD contains six decimal-encoded wheels creating a population of one million different codes. Since it is only stored in the mechanical device, discovery of the code is not possible through software operations. After the RLD verifies proper code entry, it mechanically actuates a switching element. Functionally, the RLD provides a one-part-per-million electromechanical combination lock with the shackle function provided by either an optical or electrical switch
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12513679; Plummer, David W. 1; Email Address: dwplumm@sandia.gov; Dalton, Larry J. 2; Email Address: ljdalto@sandia.gov; Peter, Frank J. 3; Email Address: fjpeter@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Manager of the Electromechanical Engineering Department at Sandia Naional Laboratories in Albuquerque, N.M..; 2: Manager of Sandia National Laboratories'High Integrity Software Systems Engineering Department and High Integrity Systems Programs in Albuquerque, N. M..; 3: Senior Member of the Technical Staff in the Electromechanical Engineering Department at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, N. M..; Issue Info: Jul99, Vol. 42 Issue 7, p83; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject: NEW Mexico; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Michael
AU  - Saricks, Christopher
AU  - Wu, May
T1  - Fuel Ethanol Produced from Midwest U.S. Corn: Help or Hindrance to the Vision of Kyoto?
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/07//
VL  - 49
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 756
EP  - 772
SN  - 10962247
AB  - In this study, we examined the role of corn-feedstock ethanol in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, given present and near-future technology and practice for corn farming and ethanol production. We analyzed the full-fuel-cycle GHG effects of corn-based ethanol using updated information on corn operations in the upper Midwest and existing ethanol production technologies. Information was obtained from representatives of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, faculty of midwestern universities with expertise in corn production and animal feed, and acknowledged authorities in the field of ethanol plant engineering, design, and operations. Cases examined included use of E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline by volume) and E10 (10% ethanol and 90% gasoline). Among key findings is that Midwest-produced ethanol outperforms conventional (current) and reformulated (future) gasoline with respect to energy use and GHG emissions (on a mass emission per travel mile basis). The superiority of the energy and GHG results is well outside the range of model "noise." An important facet of this work has been conducting sensitivity analyses. These analyses let us rank the factors in the corn-to-ethanol cycle that are most important for limiting GHG generation. These rankings could help ensure that efforts to reduce that generation are targeted more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Feedstock
KW  - Greenhouse gas mitigation
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12147623; Wang, Michael 1; Saricks, Christopher 1; Wu, May 1; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois;  Source Info: Jul99, Vol. 49 Issue 7, p756; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Thesaurus Term: Feedstock; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gas mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 20 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doskey, Paul V.
AU  - Fukui, Yoshiko
AU  - Sultan, Mohamed
AU  - Maghraby, Ashraf Al
AU  - Taher, Amany
T1  - Source Profiles for Nonmethane Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere of Cairo, Egypt.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/07//
VL  - 49
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 814
EP  - 822
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Profiles of the sources of nonmethane organic compounds (NMOCs) were developed for emissions from vehicles, petroleum fuels (gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], and natural gas), a petroleum refinery, a smelter, and a cast iron factory in Cairo, Egypt. More than 100 hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons were tentatively identified and quantified. Gasoline-vapor and whole-gasoline profiles could be distinguished from the other profiles by high concentrations of the C[sub5] and C[sub6] saturated hydrocarbons. The vehicle emission profile was similar to the whole-gasoline profile, with the exception of the unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, which were present at higher concentrations in the vehicle emission profile. High levels of the C[sub2]-C[sub4] saturated hydrocarbons, particularly n-butane, were characteristic features of the petroleum refinery emissions. The smelter and cast iron factory emissions were similar to the refinery emissions; however, the levels of benzene and toluene were greater in the former two sources. The LPG and natural gas emissions contained high concentrations of n-butane and ethane, respectively. The NMOC source profiles for Cairo were distinctly different from profiles for U.S. sources, indicating that NMOC source profiles are sensitive to the particular composition of petroleum fuels that are used in a location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Cairo (Egypt)
KW  - Egypt
N1  - Accession Number: 12147628; Doskey, Paul V. 1; Email Address: pvdoskey@anl.gov; Fukui, Yoshiko 1; Sultan, Mohamed 1; Maghraby, Ashraf Al 2; Taher, Amany 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2 : Cairo University/Center for Environmental Hazard Mitigation, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;  Source Info: Jul99, Vol. 49 Issue 7, p814; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Subject: Cairo (Egypt); Subject: Egypt; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scurlock, J. M. O.
AU  - Cramer, W.
AU  - Olson, R. J.
AU  - Parton, W. J.
AU  - Prince, S. D.
T1  - TERRESTRIAL NPP: TOWARD A CONSISTENT DATA SET FORGLOBAL MODEL EVALUATION.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
EP  - 919
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article discusses terrestrial biosphere models net primary production (NPP) that is a component of global carbon cycle to estimates biosphere-atmosphere exchange of carbon such as gross primary production (GPP) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE). It discusses the Global Primary Production Data Initiative (GPPDI) by International Geosphere-Biosphere Program's Data and Information System workshop was held at Cincinnati, Ohio in December 1996 on problems of NPP to produce database for biomes.
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Biosphere
KW  - Biomes
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - carbon cycle, global
KW  - modeling the global carbon cycle
KW  - net primary productivity
KW  - NPP data use for model validation
KW  - NPP field data, need for consistency
KW  - International Geosphere-Biosphere Program "Global Changes"
N1  - Accession Number: 112065037; Scurlock, J. M. O. 1; Cramer, W. 2; Olson, R. J. 1; Parton, W. J. 3; Prince, S. D. 4; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6407 USA; 2 : Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam 14412, Germany; 3 : National Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 USA; 4 : Department of Geography, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-8225 USA;  Source Info: Aug1999, Vol. 9 Issue 3, p913; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Biosphere; Thesaurus Term: Biomes; Subject Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon cycle, global; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling the global carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP data use for model validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP field data, need for consistency; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[0913:TNTACD]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonn, Bruce E.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Sustainability and Supra-communitarianism
JO  - Foresight
JF  - Foresight
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
SP  - 343
EP  - 352
SN  - 14636689
N1  - Accession Number: 0511205; Keywords: Resources;  Sustainability; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200004
N2  - Sustainability is a permanent concern of humankind. It requires attention to environmental issues such as reducing pollution, limiting resource use, and protecting biodiversity. It requires concern for future generations and is the responsibility of every person on earth. Its requirements for multi-dimensional cooperation, shared values and goals, participation and empowerment, and learning, represent a greater challenge for communitarianism than most other social issues. To span geography, political systems, cultures, and many generations of time, it is argued that supra-communitarianism is needed. This article contains several recommendations to foster the evolution of supra-communitarianism to support sustainability.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
L3  - http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1463-6689
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UR  - http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1463-6689
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jordan, DeaN. N.
AU  - Zitzer, Stephen F.
AU  - Hendrey, George R.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Nagy, JohN.
AU  - Nowak, Robert S.
AU  - Smith, Stanley D.
AU  - Coleman, James S.
AU  - Seemann, Jeffrey R.
T1  - Biotic, abiotic and performance aspects of the Nevada Desert Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) Facility.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 659
EP  - 668
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryArid and semiarid climates comprise roughly 40% of the earth’s terrestrial surface. Deserts are predicted to be extremely responsive to global change because they are stressful environments where small absolute changes in water availability or use represent large proportional changes. Water and carbon dioxide fluxes are inherently coupled in plant growth. No documented global change has been more substantial or more rapid than the increase in atmospheric CO2. Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) technology permits manipulation of CO2 in intact communities without altering factors such as light intensity or quality, humidity or wind. The Nevada Desert FACE Facility (NDFF) consists of three 491 m2 plots in the Mojave Desert receiving 550 μL L–1 CO2, and six ambient plots to assess both CO2 and fan effects. The shrub community was characterized as a Larrea–Ambrosia–Lycium species complex. Data are reported through 12 months of operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Global environmental change
KW  - Deserts -- Nevada
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Ambrosia dumosa
KW  - CO
KW  - FACE
KW  - Larrea tridentata
KW  - Lycium sp
KW  - Mojave Desert
N1  - Accession Number: 5608043; Jordan, DeaN. N. 1; Zitzer, Stephen F. 2; Hendrey, George R. 3; Lewin, Keith F. 3; Nagy, JohN. 3; Nowak, Robert S. 4; Smith, Stanley D. 1; Coleman, James S. 5; Seemann, Jeffrey R. 4; Affiliations: 1 : University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154,; 2 : Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119,; 3 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973,; 4 : University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557,; 5 : Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89506;  Source Info: Aug99, Vol. 5 Issue 6, p659; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Global environmental change; Subject Term: Deserts -- Nevada; Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ambrosia dumosa; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Larrea tridentata; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lycium sp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mojave Desert; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00255.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonet, Maria
AU  - Phillips, Cynthia
AU  - Warnow, Tandy
AU  - Yooseph, Shibu
T1  - CONSTRUCTING EVOLUTIONARY TREES IN THE PRESENCE OF POLYMORPHIC CHARACTERS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - Most phylogenetics literature and construction methods based upon characters presume monomorphism (one state per character per species), yet polymorphism (multiple states per character per species) is well documented in both biology and historical linguistics. In this paper we consider the problem of inferring evolutionary trees for polymorphic characters. We show efficient algorithms for the construction of perfect phylogenies from polymorphic data. These methods have been used to help construct the evolutionary tree proposed by Warnow, Ringe, and Taylor for the Indo-European family of languages and presented by invitation at the National Academy of Sciences in November 1995. Key words: algorithms; graphs; evolutionary trees [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - INDO-European languages
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
N1  - Accession Number: 10699338; Bonet, Maria 1; Email Address: bonet@goliat.upc.es; Phillips, Cynthia 2; Email Address: caphill@cs.sandia.gov; Warnow, Tandy 3; Email Address: tandy@central.cis.upenn.edu; Yooseph, Shibu 3; Email Address: yooseph@gradient.cis.upenn.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Computer Science, Universidad Politecnica de Catalu&ntild;a, Barcelona, Spain; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; 3: Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Issue Info: 1999, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p103; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: INDO-European languages; Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AU  - Farmer, Amy
AD  - U TN and Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - U TN
T1  - The Double Dividend, Second-Best Worlds, and Real-World Environmental Policy
JO  - Ecological Economics
JF  - Ecological Economics
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
SP  - 433
EP  - 439
SN  - 09218009
N1  - Accession Number: 0510883; Keywords: Tax;  Taxes; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200004
N2  - The recent series of papers by Bovemberg, Goulder, Parry and others argue that the double dividend is unlikely to exist because of second-best problems. They argue that the imposition of environmental tax in an economy already distorted by income taxes will further distort the economy by reducing incentives to supply labor. Our paper argues that this is not likely to be the case because of the restrictive assumptions made by these models, and because of the role of the environment as a factor of production.
KW  - Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies          H23
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, Gale A.
AU  - McClelland, John D.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory, IL
AD  - Office of Tax Analysis, Washington, DC
T1  - The Impact of Environmental Constraints on Productivity Improvement in Integrated Paper Plants
JO  - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
SP  - 121
EP  - 142
SN  - 00950696
N1  - Accession Number: 0502914; Keywords: Abatement;  Paper Industry;  Productivity; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199911
N2  - This paper utilizes a flexible measure of productivity that includes environmental performance. We characterize the loss of potential productive output due to environmental constraints, decomposing losses into those resulting from the commitment of capital to pollution abatement and those losses that arise from other sources. We also assess the potential for improvements that increase productivity and reduce pollution. Results from the paper industry show a "win-win" potential for inputs and pollution to be simultaneously reduced by 2% to 8%, without reducing productivity. We also find that environmental constraints reduce production by 9%, a quarter of which results from pollution abatement capital constraints. (c) 1999 Academic Press
KW  - Forest Products          L73
KW  - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity          D24
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Forestry          Q23
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00950696
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Kraig, D.H.
AU  - Mullen, M.A.
AU  - Naranjo, L.
T1  - Radionuclides and trace elements in fish collected upstream and downstream of Los Alamos national laboratory and the doses to humans from the consumption of muscle and bone.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 885
EP  - 899
SN  - 03601234
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine radionuclide and trace element concentrations in bottom‐feeding fish (catfish, carp, and suckers) collected from the confluences of some of the major canyons that cross Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) lands with the Rio Grande (RG) and the potential radiological doses from the ingestion of these fish. Samples of muscle and bone (and viscera in some cases) were analyzed for 3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, totU, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, and 241Am and Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cr, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Tl. Most radionuclides, with the exception of 90Sr, in the muscle plus bone portions of fish collected from LANL canyons/RG were not significantly (p<0.05) higher from fish collected upstream (San Ildefonso/background) of LANL. Strontium‐90 in fish muscle plus bone tissue significantly (p<0.05) increases in concentration starting from Los Alamos Canyon, the most upstream confluence (fish contained 3.4E‐02 pCi g‐1 [126E‐02 Bq kg‐1]), to Frijoles Canyon, the most downstream confluence (fish contained 14E‐02 pCi g‐1 [518E‐02 Bq kg‐1]). The differences in 90Sr concentrations in fish collected downstream and upstream (background) of LANL, however, were very small. Based on the average concentrations (±2SD) of radionuclides in fish tissue from the four LANL confluences, the committed effective dose equivalent from the ingestion of 46 lb (21 kg) (maximum ingestion rate per person per year) of fish muscle plus bone, after the subtraction of background, was 0.1 ± 0.1 mrem y‐1 (1.0 ± 1.0 μSv y‐1), and was far below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (all pathway) permissible dose limit of 100 mrem y‐1 (1000 μSv y‐1). Of the trace elements that were found above the limits of detection (Ba, Cu, and Hg) in fish muscle collected from the confluences of canyons that cross LANL and the RG, none were in significantly higher (p<0.05) concentrations than in muscle of fish collected from background locations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75453100; Fresquez, P.R. 1; Kraig, D.H. 1; Mullen, M.A. 1; Naranjo, L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental, Safety and Health Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, M887, Los Alamos, NM, 87545;  Source Info: Sep1999, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p885; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/03601239909373233
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Biggs, J.R.
AU  - Bennett, K.D.
AU  - Kraig, D.H.
AU  - Mullen, M.A.
AU  - Ferenbaugh, J.K.
T1  - Radionuclides in deer and elk from Los Alamos national laboratory and the doses to humans from the ingestion of muscle and bone.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
EP  - 915
SN  - 03601234
AB  - This paper summarizes radionuclide concentrations (3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, 241Am, and totU) in muscle and bone tissue of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) collected from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, lands from 1991 through 1998. Also, the committed effective dose equivalent (CEDE) and the risk of excess cancer fatalities (RECF) to people who ingest muscle and bone from deer and elk collected from LANL lands were estimated. Most radionuclide concentrations in muscle and bone from individual deer (n = 11) and elk (n = 22) collected from LANL lands were either at less than detectable quantities (where the analytical result was smaller than two counting uncertainties) and/or within upper (95%) level background (BG) concentrations. As a group, most radionuclides in muscle and bone of deer and elk from LANL lands were not significantly higher (p<0.10) than in similar tissues from deer (n = 3) and elk (n = 7) collected from BG locations. Also, elk that had been radio collared and tracked for two years and spent an average time of 50% on LANL lands were not significantly different in most radionuclides from road kill elk that have been collected as part of the environmental surveillance program. Overall, the upper (95%) level net CEDEs (the CEDE plus two sigma for each radioisotope minus background) at the most conservative ingestion rate (50 lbs of muscle and 13 lbs of bone) were as follows: deer muscle = 0.22 mrem y‐1 (2.2 μSv y‐1), deer bone = 3.8 mrem y‐1 (38 μSv y‐1), elk muscle = 0.12 mrem y‐1 (1.2 μSv y‐1), and elk bone = 1.7 mrem y‐1 (17 μSv y‐1). All CEDEs were far below the International Commission on Radiological Protection guideline of 100 mrem y‐1 (1000 μSv y‐1), and the highest muscle plus bone net CEDE corresponded to a RECF of 2E‐06, which is far below the Environmental Protection Agency upper level guideline of 1E‐04. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75453101; Fresquez, P.R. 1; Biggs, J.R. 1; Bennett, K.D. 1; Kraig, D.H. 1; Mullen, M.A. 1; Ferenbaugh, J.K. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environment, Safety and Health Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, M887, Los Alamos, NM, 87545;  Source Info: Sep1999, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p901; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/03601239909373234
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huckaby, James L.
AU  - Evans, John C.
AU  - Sklarew, Deborah S.
AU  - Jensen, Louis
AU  - Wilmarth, Steven R.
T1  - Representative Sampling of High-Level Radioactive Waste Tank Headspaces.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1075
EP  - 1081
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Headspaces of the underground high-level radioactive waste-storage tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site have been sampled to resolve tank safety and industrial hygiene issues and to estimate regulated air pollutant emissions. Because sampling these tanks is difficult and expensive, samples have been collected from a single location of the headspaces, based on the supposition that this would provide representative samples. In most tanks, mixing of vapors occurs because of thermally driven convection from heat generated by radioactive decay of the waste. However, in some low-temperature tanks, the ground temperature above the tank may be warmer than the waste, minimizing thermally induced convection, and raising the concern that samples from a single location may not be representative. To resolve this issue, six samples at different vertical and horizontal locations were taken from each of three low-temperature tanks and analyzed for ammonia, water, permanent gases, total non-methane organic compound concentration, and selected organic vapors. Statistical analysis of the data indicated that the tanks did not exhibit significant horizontal or vertical concentration gradients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Heat
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12219256; Huckaby, James L. 1; Evans, John C. 1; Sklarew, Deborah S. 1; Jensen, Louis 2; Wilmarth, Steven R. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; 2 : Lockheed Martin Hanford Corporation, Richland, Washington;  Source Info: Sep99, Vol. 49 Issue 9, p1075; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Subject Term: Heat; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Littlejohn, David
AU  - Lucas, Donald
T1  - Vapor Pressure Measurement System for Heavy Crude Oils.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1103
EP  - 1109
SN  - 10962247
AB  - We describe a new, simple apparatus that permits accurate measurement of reactive organic carbon vapor pressure from heavy crude oils when used with a gas chromatograph. The apparatus is analogous to the Reid vapor pressure apparatus that is used for vapor pressure measurement of light hydrocarbons. This system overcomes many of the shortcomings experienced when the Reid method is applied to heavy crudes. We explain the operation of the system and present results from measurement of heavy crudes from Southern California. Measurements on oil samples collected from storage tanks agreed well with analysis of headspace gases in the tanks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Storage tanks
KW  - Vapor pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 12219260; Littlejohn, David 1; Lucas, Donald 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, University of California, Berkeley, California;  Source Info: Sep99, Vol. 49 Issue 9, p1103; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Storage tanks; Subject Term: Vapor pressure; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berry, Scott M.
AU  - Reese, C. Shane
AU  - Larkey, Patrick D.
T1  - Bridging Different Eras in Sports.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 94
IS  - 447
M3  - Article
SP  - 661
EP  - 676
SN  - 01621459
AB  - This article addresses the problem of comparing abilities of players from different eras in professional sports. We study National Hockey League players, professional golfers, and Major League Baseball players from the perspectives of home run hitting and hitting for average. Within each sport, the careers of the players overlap to some extent. This network of overlaps, or bridges, is used to compare players whose careers took place in different eras. The goal is not to judge players relative to their contemporaries, but rather to compare all players directly. Hence the model that we use is a statistical time machine. We use additive models to estimate the innate ability of players, the effects of aging on performance, and the relative difficulty of each year within a sport. We measure each of these effects separated from the others. We use hierarchical models to model the distribution of players and specify separate distributions for each decade, thus allowing the "talent pool" within each sport to change. We study the changing talent pool in each sport and address Gould's conjecture about the way in which populations change. Nonparametric aging functions allow us to estimate the league-wide average aging function. Hierarchical random curves allow for individuals to age differently from the average of athletes in that sport. We characterize players by their career profile rather than a one-number summary of their career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPORTS
KW  - INFLUENCE of age on ability
KW  - ABILITY testing
KW  - GOODNESS-of-fit tests
KW  - Aging function
KW  - Bridge model
KW  - Hierarchical model
KW  - Population dynamics
KW  - Random curve
N1  - Accession Number: 2351907; Berry, Scott M. 1; Reese, C. Shane 2; Larkey, Patrick D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.; 2: Statistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; 3: H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213; Issue Info: Sep99, Vol. 94 Issue 447, p661; Subject Term: SPORTS; Subject Term: INFLUENCE of age on ability; Subject Term: ABILITY testing; Subject Term: GOODNESS-of-fit tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bridge model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hierarchical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Population dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random curve; NAICS/Industry Codes: 713940 Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 13 Charts, 18 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 22838
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Mulawa, Patricia
AU  - Hunsanger, Eric C.
AU  - Nelson, Ken
AU  - Ragazzi, Ronald A.
AU  - Barrett, Richard
AU  - Gallagher, Gerald L.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
AU  - Knapp, Kenneth T.
AU  - Snow, Richard
T1  - Light-Duty Motor Vehicle Exhaust Particulate Matter Measurement in the Denver, Colorado, Area.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/09/02/Sep99 Special Issue
VL  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
EP  - 174
SN  - 10962247
AB  - A study of particulate matter (PM) emissions from in-use, light-duty vehicles was conducted during the summer of 1996 and the winter of 1997 in the Denver, CO, region. Vehicles were tested as received on chassis dynamometers on the Federal Test Procedure Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) and the IM240 driving schedule. Both PM[sub10] and regulated emissions were measured for each phase of the UDDS. For the summer portion of the study, 92 gasoline vehicles, 10 diesel vehicles, and 9 gasoline vehicles with  visible smoke emissions were tested once. For the winter, 56 gasoline vehicles, 12 diesel vehicles, and 15 gasoline vehicles with visible smoke were tested twice, once indoors at 60 Fahrenheit and once outdoors at the prevailing temperature. Vehicle model year ranged from 1966 to 1996. Impactor particle size distributions were obtained on a subset of vehicles. Continuous estimates of the particle number emissions were obtained with an electrical aerosol analyzer. This data set is being provided to the Northern Front Range Air Quality Study program and to the State of Colorado and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for use in updating emissions inventories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Vehicles
KW  - Automobile driving
N1  - Accession Number: 12210279; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Mulawa, Patricia 2; Hunsanger, Eric C. 3; Nelson, Ken 4; Ragazzi, Ronald A. 5; Barrett, Richard 5; Gallagher, Gerald L. 6; Lawson, Douglas R. 7; Knapp, Kenneth T. 8; Snow, Richard 9; Affiliations: 1 : Principal research scientist, General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 2 : Staff scientist, General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 3 : Engineer, Roush Industries, Light Duty Emissions Laboratory, Livonia, Michigan; 4 : Physical scientist/researcher, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Air Pollution Control Division, Aurora, Colorado; 5 : Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Air Pollution Control Division, Aurora, Colorado; 6 : Manager, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Air Pollution Control Division, Aurora, Colorado; 7 : Principal scientist, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; 8 : Research chemist, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 9 : Research scientist, Clean Air Vehicle Technology Center, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;  Source Info: Sep99 Special Issue, Vol. 49, p164; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Gasoline; Thesaurus Term: Smoke; Subject Term: Vehicles; Subject Term: Automobile driving; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 8 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkow, N. D.
AU  - Fowler, J. S.
AU  - Ding, Y.-S.
AU  - Wang, G.-J.
AU  - Gatley, S. J.
T1  - Imaging the neurochemistry of nicotine actions: Studies with positron emission tomography.
JO  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
JF  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
Y1  - 1999/09/02/Sep1999 Supplement
VL  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - S127
EP  - S132
SN  - 14622203
AB  - Although the effects of nicotine in the brains of laboratory animals have been investigated extensively, very little is known about its effects in the human brain. With positron emission tomography (PET), a non-invasive imaging technology that allows measurement of the concentration of positron-labeled compounds that are of physiological and pharmacological relevance, it has become possible to investigate the effects of nicotine in the human brain. These imaging studies have shown that nicotine has very fast pharmacokinetics in the human brain, that it changes cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain metabolism, and that at least some of these effects show acute tolerance. PET studies have also shown that, in addition to nicotine, cigarettes possess other pharmacological actions that may contribute to their reinforcing effects, that cigarettes inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B in the brain, and that this inhibition recovers with cigarette discontinuation. Although the nicotine receptors have not yet been imaged in the living human brain, PET studies in the primate brain have shown very high concentration of receptors in the thalamus and a high rate of blockade by doses of nicotine that approximate plasma levels achieved by humans when smoking cigarettes. However, further studies are required to determine the levels of nicotine receptor occupancies achieved when smoking a cigarette and those required for the nicotine patch to be therapeutically effective, to measure the half-life for MAO inhibition by cigarettes and the mechanisms underlying this inhibition, and to evaluate the effects of smoking on nicotine receptors and on other neurotransmitter systems in the human brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nicotine & Tobacco Research is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICOTINE
KW  - SMOKING
KW  - TOBACCO -- Research
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - NEUROSCIENCES
KW  - DIAGNOSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 18755431; Volkow, N. D. 1,2,3; Email Address: volkow@bnl.gov; Fowler, J. S. 1; Ding, Y.-S. 1; Wang, G.-J. 2; Gatley, S. J. 2; Source Information: Sep1999 Supplement, Vol. 1, pS127; Subject: NICOTINE; Subject: SMOKING; Subject: TOBACCO -- Research; Subject: EMISSION tomography; Subject: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject: NEUROSCIENCES; Subject: DIAGNOSIS; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edgerton, S. A.
AU  - Bian, X.
AU  - Doran, J. C.
AU  - Fast, J. D.
AU  - Hubbe, J. M.
AU  - Malone, E. L.
AU  - Shaw, W. J.
AU  - Whiteman, C. D.
AU  - Zhong, S.
AU  - Arriaga, J. L.
AU  - Ortiz, E.
AU  - Ruiz, M.
AU  - Sosa, G.
AU  - Vega, E.
AU  - Limón, T.
AU  - Guzman, F.
AU  - Archuleta, J.
AU  - Bossert, J. E.
AU  - Elliot, S. M.
AU  - Lee, J. T.
T1  - Particulate Air Pollution in Mexico City: A Collaborative Research Project.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 49
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1221
EP  - 1229
SN  - 10962247
AB  - PM[sub10], PM[sub2.5], precursor gas, and upper-air meteorological measurements were taken in Mexico City, Mexico, from February 23 to March 22, 1997, to understand concentrations and chemical compositions of the city's particulate matter (PM). Average 24-hr PM[sub10] concentrations over the period of study at the core sites in the city were 75 µg/m³. The 24-hr standard of 150 µg/m³ was exceeded  for seven samples taken during the study period; the maximum 24-hr concentration measured was 542 µg/m³. Nearly half of the PM[sub10] was composed of fugitive dust from roadways, construction, and bare land. About 50% of the PM[sub10] consisted of PM[sub2.5], with higher percentages during the morning hours. Organic and black carbon constituted up to half of the PM[sub2.5]. PM concentrations were highest during the early morning and after sunset, when the mixed layers were shallow. Meteorological measurements taken during the field campaign show that on most days air was transported out of the Mexico City basin during the afternoon with little day-to-day carryover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Particles
KW  - Mexico
N1  - Accession Number: 12147699; Edgerton, S. A. 1; Bian, X. 1; Doran, J. C. 1; Fast, J. D. 1; Hubbe, J. M. 1; Malone, E. L. 1; Shaw, W. J. 1; Whiteman, C. D. 1; Zhong, S. 1; Arriaga, J. L. 2; Ortiz, E. 2; Ruiz, M. 2; Sosa, G. 2; Vega, E. 2; Limón, T. 2; Guzman, F. 2; Archuleta, J. 3; Bossert, J. E. 3; Elliot, S. M. 3; Lee, J. T. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; 2 : Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico; 3 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico;  Source Info: Oct99, Vol. 49 Issue 10, p1221; Thesaurus Term: Environmental monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject Term: Particles; Subject: Mexico; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, David E.
AU  - Allison, Tim
AD  - Marquette U
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory, IL
T1  - Spent Nuclear Fuel and Residential Property Values: The Influence of Proximity, Visual Cues and Public Information
JO  - Papers in Regional Science
JF  - Papers in Regional Science
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 78
IS  - 4
SP  - 403
EP  - 421
SN  - 10568190
N1  - Accession Number: 0565574; Keywords: Hedonic;  Residential; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200106
N2  - This article examines whether public knowledge of spent fuel storage at nuclear power plants, and any local adverse risk perceptions that may have occurred, affect the sale price of single-family residential properties. We present evidence from the Rancho Seco, California, plant on residential property values using an hedonic modeling framework. We include a large number of control variables, data with a high level of spatial detail and a number of public information variables in order to model property market effects within a fifteen mile radius of the plant. Our findings indicate that proximity and visual reminders of the plant have some influence on local property markets, and that there is a small media coverage effect on single-family home sale prices.
KW  - Housing Supply and Markets          R31
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Land          Q24
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291435-5957/issues
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291435-5957/issues
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J. C.
AU  - Anderson, D. R.
T1  - Performance Assessment for Radioactive Waste Disposal.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
EP  - 761
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This article provides information on performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal. Performance assessment (PA) for radioactive waste involves many scientific disciplines. Yet, at its core, PA attempts to answer three questions about potential disposal sites: (1) What could occur at the site in the future?, (2) How likely are different occurrences at the site?, and (3) What are the consequences of different occurrences at the site? Thus, PA for radioactive waste disposal can appropriately be viewed as part of the field of risk assessment. The intent of the issue is to give readers a broad perspective on major issues related to PA for radioactive waste disposal and guidance to sources of additional information. To meet this intent, the contributors to the issue were asked to write for a broad audience and to be generous in providing references to help the reader find his or her way into the literature. Performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal is almost always carried out in the context of some regulatory environment. This environment invariably has great influence on any associated PA.
KW  - HAZARDOUS wastes
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL regulations
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL policy
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 15113091; Helton, J. C. 1; Anderson, D. R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-1804; 2: Environmental Decisions and WIPP Performance Assessment Department Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185-0779; Issue Info: Oct99, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p759; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS wastes; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL regulations; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL policy; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rechard, Rob P.
T1  - Historical Relationship Between Performance Assessment for Radioactive Waste Disposal and Other Types of Risk Assessment.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
EP  - 807
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This article describes the evolution of the process for assessing the hazards of a geologic disposal system for radioactive waste and, similarly, nuclear power reactors, and the relationship of this processwith other assessments of risk, particularly assessments of hazards from manufactured carcinogenic chemicals during use and disposal. This perspective reviews the common history of scientific concepts for risk assessment developed until the 1950s. Computational tools and techniques developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s to analyze the reliability of nuclear weapon delivery systems were adopted in the early 1970s for probabilistic risk assessment of nuclear power reactors, a technology for which behavior was unknown. In turn, these analyses became an important foundation for performance assessment of nuclear waste disposal in the late 1970s. The evaluation of risk to human health and the environment from chemical hazards is built on methods forassessing the dose response of radionuclides in the 1950s. Despite ashared background, however, societal events, often in the form of legislation, have affected the development path for risk assessment forhuman health, producing dissimilarities between these risk assessments and those for nuclear facilities. An important difference is the regulator's interest in accounting for uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - WASTE management
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - EVALUATION
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - history of technology.
KW  - Nuclear waste disposal
KW  - performance assessment
KW  - policy analysis
KW  - probabilistic risk assessment
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Technology history
KW  - Waste management
N1  - Accession Number: 8115047; Rechard, Rob P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Performance Assessment Department (6849), Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87 185-0779.; Issue Info: Oct99, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p763; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: WASTE management; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: EVALUATION; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: history of technology.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: performance assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: policy analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: probabilistic risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive waste disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technology history; Author-Supplied Keyword: Waste management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 45p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattt, Sandeep
AU  - Greenberg, David
AU  - Tom Leighton
AU  - Pangfeng Liu
T1  - TIGHT BOUNDS FOR ON-LINE TREE EMBEDDINGS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 474
EP  - 491
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - Tree-structured computations are relatively easy to process in parallel. As leaf processes are recursively spawned they can be assigned to independent processors in a multicomputer network. However, to achieve good performance the on-line mapping algorithm must maintain load balance, i.e., distribute processes equitably among processors. Additionally, the algorithm itself must be distributed in nature, and process allocation must be completed via message-passing with minimal communication overhead. This paper investigates bounds on the performance of deterministic and randomized algorithms for on-line tree embeddings. In particular, we study trade-offs between computation overhead (load imbalance) and communication overhead (message congestion). We give a simple technique to derive lower bounds on the congestion that any on-line allocation algorithm must incur in order to guarantee load balance. This technique works for both randomized and deterministic algorithms. We prove that the advantage of randomization is limited. Optimal bounds are achieved for several networks, including multidimensional grids and butterflies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMMUNICATION
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - graph embedding
KW  - randomized algorithm
N1  - Accession Number: 16238094; Bhattt, Sandeep 1; Email Address: bhatt@bellcore.com; Greenberg, David 2; Email Address: dsgreen@cs.sandia.gov; Tom Leighton 3; Email Address: ftl@math.mit.edu; Pangfeng Liu 4; Email Address: pangfeng@cs.ccu.edu.tw; Affiliations: 1: Bellcore, 445 South Street, Morristown, NJ 07960.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185.; 3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 545 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139.; 4: National Chung Cheng University, Computer Science and Engineering, Chiayi 621, Taiwan; Issue Info: 1999, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p474; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: DIGITAL communications; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: COMMUNICATION; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: graph embedding; Author-Supplied Keyword: randomized algorithm; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AD  - U TN
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Ecological Interaction as a Source of Economic Irreversibility
JO  - Southern Economic Journal
JF  - Southern Economic Journal
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 66
IS  - 2
SP  - 391
EP  - 402
SN  - 00384038
N1  - Accession Number: 0506205; Keywords: Ecological; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200001
N2  - Irreversibility can be either physical or economic in origin. For example, the extinction of a species is physically irreversible. On the other hand, contamination of lake-bottom sediments by mercury is not physically irreversible (the mercury and/or sediments can be physically removed), but the cost is so high that it can be said to be economically irreversible. This paper argues that economic irreversibility associated with environmental change is much more common than typically discussed in the economics literature. The source of the problem is the inherent complexity of ecological relationships. The paper discusses the origin and policy importance of these indirect irreversibilities.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: General          Q20
L3  - http://journal.southerneconomic.org/loi/soec
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UR  - http://journal.southerneconomic.org/loi/soec
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watt, Andrew S.
AU  - Magrini, Kimberly A.
AU  - Carlson-Boyd, Lynnae E.
AU  - Wolfrum, Edward J.
AU  - Larson, Sheldon A.
AU  - Roth, Christine
AU  - Glatzmaier, Greg C.
T1  - Pilot-Scale Demonstration of an Innovative Treatment for Vapor Emissions.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/11//
VL  - 49
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1368
EP  - 1373
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Researchers from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory recently conducted a pilot-scale study at McClellan Air Force Base (AFB) in Sacramento, CA. The objective of the test was to determine the effectiveness of an ambient-temperature, solar-powered photocatalytic oxidation treatment unit for destroying emissions of chlorinated organic compounds from an air stripper. This paper reports test results and discusses applications and limitations of the technology. A 10-standard-cubic-foot-per-minute (SCFM) (28.3 L/min) slip stream of air from an air stripper at Operative Unit 29-31 at McClellan AFB was passed through a reactor that contained a lightweight, perforated, inert support coated with photoactive titanium dioxide. The reactor faced south and was tilted at a 45° angle from vertical so that the light-activated catalyst received most of the available sunlight. An online portable gas chromatograph with two identical columns simultaneously analyzed the volatile organic compounds contained in the reactor inlet and outlet air streams. Summa canister grab samples of the inlet and outlet were also collected and sent to a certified laboratory for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method TO-14 analysis and verification of our field analyses. Three weeks of testing demonstrated that the treatment system's destruction and removal efficiencies (DREs) are greater than 95% at 10 SCFM with UV intensities at or greater than 1.5 milliwatts/square centimeter (mW/cm²). DREs greater than 95% at 20 SCFM were obtained under conditions where UV irradiation measured at or greater than 2 mW/cm². In Sacramento, this provided 6 hours of operation per clear or nearly clear day in April. A solar tracking system could extend operating time. The air stream also contained trace amounts of benzene. We observed no loss of system performance during testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Military bases
KW  - Air forces
KW  - Sacramento (Calif.)
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12210838; Watt, Andrew S. 1; Magrini, Kimberly A. 1; Carlson-Boyd, Lynnae E. 1; Wolfrum, Edward J. 1; Larson, Sheldon A. 1; Roth, Christine 1; Glatzmaier, Greg C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Nov99, Vol. 49 Issue 11, p1368; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Subject Term: Military bases; Subject Term: Air forces; Subject: Sacramento (Calif.); Subject: California; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, Michael T.
AU  - Turner, Monica G.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Romme, William H.
AU  - Gunter, Lee E.
AU  - Waller, Donald M.
T1  - Genetic variation in postfire aspen seedlings in Yellowstone National Park.
JO  - Molecular Ecology
JF  - Molecular Ecology
Y1  - 1999/11//
VL  - 8
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1769
EP  - 1780
SN  - 09621083
AB  - AbstractA rare episode of regeneration of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) by seeds occurred in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), Wyoming, USA, following extensive fires that occurred in 1988. In 1997, we sampled 410 aspen seedlings from 23 local populations distributed widely across YNP to determine how genetic diversity varies with elevation, substrate, plant competition, ungulate browsing, and geographical location. We employed 132 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers based on six primers to show genetic relationships within and among the postfire aspen seedling populations. Measures of genetic variation, including estimates of percentage polymorphic loci, expected heterozygosity, and Nei’s FST, indicated that most of the variation occurred within rather than among local populations. There was no indication of geographical differentiation among sampled populations based on hierarchal estimates of Nei’s FST, neighbour-joining, or correlations between genetic distance and geographical distance. Even genetically distant populations shared nearly 90% of the same markers. Within plots, the amount of genetic variation decreased slightly in response to increased percentage vegetative cover, mean seedling basal diameter, and mean seedling height. Geological substrate, density of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Dougl.) seedlings, browsing intensity, and elevation were not significantly related to levels of genetic variation within the seedling plots. These data suggest that genetic variation and geographical structure among seedling populations may occur over time as the transition from seedling-dominated stands to clone-dominated stands occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASPEN (Trees)
KW  - VARIATION (Biology)
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - Populus tremuloides
KW  - RAPD
KW  - Seedling regeneration
KW  - Vegetative cover
N1  - Accession Number: 5216507; Stevens, Michael T. 1; Turner, Monica G. 2; Tuskan, Gerald A. 3; Romme, William H. 4; Gunter, Lee E.; Waller, Donald M. 1; Source Information: Nov99, Vol. 8 Issue 11, p1769; Subject: ASPEN (Trees); Subject: VARIATION (Biology); Subject: GENETIC polymorphisms; Subject: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: genetic variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populus tremuloides; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAPD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seedling regeneration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vegetative cover; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-294X.1999.00732.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LYNESS, J.N.
AU  - JOE, S.
T1  - A CONSTRUCTIVE APPROACH TO LATTICE RULE CANONICAL FORMS.
JO  - BIT: Numerical Mathematics
JF  - BIT: Numerical Mathematics
J1  - BIT: Numerical Mathematics
PY  - 1999/12//
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 701
EP  - 715
SN  - 00063835
AB  - The rank and invariants of a general lattice rule are conventionally defined in terms of the group-theoretic properties of the rule. Here we give a constructive definition of the rank and invariants using integer matrices. This underpins a nonabstract algorithm set in matrix algebra for obtaining the Sylow p-decomposition of a lattice rule. This approach is particularly useful when it is not known whether the form in which the lattice rule is specified is canonical or even repetitive. A new set of necessary and sufficient conditions for recognizing a canonical form is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BIT: Numerical Mathematics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 5259322; Source Information: Dec99, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p701; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 15p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McNab, Walt
T1  - Comparisons of Geochemical Signatures of Biotransformation of Fuel Hydrocarbons in Groundwater.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
EP  - 274
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Biotransformation processes play an active role in reducing the environmental impact of fuel hydrocarbon releases to groundwater. Because monitoring data at release locations are typically sparse, spatial variations in geochemical indicator parameters are often called upon as indirect evidence of biotransformation. These parameters include concentrations of electron acceptors (O2, NO3-, SO>, reduced redox reaction by-products (Fe2+, Mn2+, CH4), as well as bicarbonate alkalinity, pH and Eh. However, background variability in a number of these parameters complicates the task of data interpretation, particularly in the case of small data sets. In this study, correlation analyses are applied to geochemical indicator data at six hydrocarbon groundwater contamination sites in California to identify which parameters are the most reliable indicators. The results of the analyses suggest that the most direct indicators of the local redox environment – Fe2+, Mn2+, CH4, Eh – yield the most consistent evidence of hydrocarbon biotransformation. Indicators which rely largely on mass balance – O2, NO, SO, alkalinity – appear to be less reliable. These findings may provide guidance in both the collection and interpretation of groundwater monitoring data at hydrocarbon contamination sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrocarbons -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Waste products
KW  - Oxidation-reduction reaction
KW  - Mass budget (Geophysics)
KW  - Biotransformation (Metabolism)
KW  - Groundwater -- Carbon content
KW  - Spatial variation
KW  - Electrophiles
KW  - biodegradation
KW  - groundwater geochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 51577165; McNab, Walt 1; Email Address: mcnab1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Restoration Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore 94550 USA;  Source Info: Dec1999, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p257; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Environmental monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Waste products; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation-reduction reaction; Thesaurus Term: Mass budget (Geophysics); Subject Term: Biotransformation (Metabolism); Subject Term: Groundwater -- Carbon content; Subject Term: Spatial variation; Subject Term: Electrophiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater geochemistry; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1006113520693
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, J.V
AU  - Batiste, S.L
AU  - Gibbins, E.M.
AU  - Goheen, S.C
T1  - Synthesis and activity of NH2 ‐ and COOH‐terminal elastase recognition sequences on cotton.
JO  - Journal of Peptide Research
JF  - Journal of Peptide Research
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 536
EP  - 543
SN  - 1397002X
AB  - The application of peptide recognition sequences of elastase to fibers of wound dressings is a possible route to inhibiting high levels of destructive elastase in the chronic wound. For this reason we have synthesized the elastase recognition sequence Val‐Pro‐Val on both cotton cellulose, and carboxymethylated cellulose cotton (CMC) and prepared chromatography columns of these to examine elastase retention. The tripeptide was synthesized on cotton‐based cellulose fibers both in sequence and as a tripeptide methyl ester. Glycine was employed as a linker of the recognition sequence to the cotton cellulose. Pre‐treatment of cotton cellulose with cellulase improved the substitution level of glycine. The peptidocellulose conjugates were employed as a chromatographic stationary phase to assess elastase retention. The sequence Val‐Pro‐Val‐OMe was amino‐terminally anchored to carboxymethylated cotton and demonstrated retention of up to 58% of elastase when first applied to the column. Higher repetitive retention was demonstrated subsequently. Cotton gauze similarly modified with Val‐Pro‐Val‐Gly cellulose was compared with untreated gauze for reduction of elastase activity in buffered saline. Solutions of elastase that were treated with Val‐Pro‐Val‐Gly cellulose cotton gauze, demonstrated reduced elastase activity. This study demonstrates the use of elastase recognition sequences as sequestering agents of elastase when attached to cotton fibers and constitutes a model for the design of peptidocellulose analogs in dressing fibers for chronic wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Peptide Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ELASTASES
KW  - GLYCINE
KW  - affinity chromatography
KW  - bioconjugates
KW  - cotton
KW  - elastase
KW  - enzyme inhibition
KW  - nonhealing wounds
KW  - peptidocellulose
N1  - Accession Number: 5169190; Edwards, J.V 1; Batiste, S.L 1; Gibbins, E.M. 2; Goheen, S.C 2; Source Information: Dec99, Vol. 54 Issue 6, p536; Subject: PEPTIDES; Subject: ELASTASES; Subject: GLYCINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: affinity chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioconjugates; Author-Supplied Keyword: cotton; Author-Supplied Keyword: elastase; Author-Supplied Keyword: enzyme inhibition; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonhealing wounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: peptidocellulose; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1034/j.1399-3011.1999.00134.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cohen, Harry
AU  - Southworth, Frank
AD  - Cellicott City, MD
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - On the Measurement and Valuation of Travel Time Variability Due to Incidents on Freeways
JO  - Journal of Transportation and Statistics
JF  - Journal of Transportation and Statistics
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
SP  - 123
EP  - 131
SN  - 10948848
N1  - Accession Number: 0606387; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200206
N2  - Incidents on freeways frequently cause long, unanticipated delays, increasing the economic cost of travel to motorists. This paper provides a simple model for estimating the mean and variance of time lost due to incidents on freeways. It also reviews methods for assigning a monetary value to the variability that such incidents introduce into daily travel. The paper offers an easy-to-implement approach to measuring the performance of freeway incident reduction strategies, an approach that should be useful in early project selection exercises where a sketch planning process is used to identify promising actions.
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
L3  - http://www.bts.gov/publications/journal_of_transportation_and_statistics/index.html
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UR  - http://www.bts.gov/publications/journal_of_transportation_and_statistics/index.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biwer, Bruce M.
AU  - Butler, James P.
T1  - Vehicle Emission Unit Risk Factors for Transportation Risk Assessments.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1157
EP  - 1171
SN  - 02724332
AB  - When the transportation risk posed by shipments of hazardous chemical and radioactive materials is being assessed, it is necessary to evaluate the risks associated with both vehicle emissions and cargo-related risks. Diesel exhaust and fugitive dust emissions from vehicles transporting hazardous shipments lead to increased air pollution, which increases the risk of latent fatalities in the affected population along the transport route. The estimated risk from these vehicle-related sources can often be as large or larger than the estimated risk associated with the material being transported. In this paper, data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Motor Vehicle-Related Air Toxics Study are first used to develop latent cancer fatality estimates per kilometer of travel in rural and urban areas for all diesel  truck classes. These unit risk factors are based on studies investigating the carcinogenic nature of diesel exhaust. With the same methodology, the current per-kilometer latent fatality risk factor used in transportation risk assessments for heavy diesel trucks in urban areas is revised and the analysis expanded to provide risk factors for rural areas and all diesel truck classes. These latter fatality estimates may include, but are not limited to, cancer fatalities and are based primarily on the most recent epidemiological data available on mortality rates associated with ambient air PM-10 concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - RADIOACTIVE pollution
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 11648199; Biwer, Bruce M. 1; Butler, James P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Issue Info: Dec99, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p1157; Thesaurus Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE pollution; Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 7 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertwich, Edgar G.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Pease, William S.
T1  - Parameter Uncertainty and Variability In Evaluative Fate and Exposure Models.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1193
EP  - 1204
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The human toxicity potential, a weighting scheme used to evaluate toxic emissions for life cycle assessment and toxics release inventories, is based on potential dose calculations and toxicity factors. This paper evaluates the variance in potential dose calculations that can be  attributed to the uncetainty in chemical-specific input parameters as well as the variability in exposure factors and landscape parameters. A knowledge of the uncertainty allows us to assess the robustness of a decision based on the toxicity potential; a knowledge of the sources of uncertainty allows us to focus our resources if we want to reduce the uncertainty. The potential dose of 236 chemicals was assessed. The chemicals were grouped by dominant exposure route, and a Monte Carlo analysis was conducted for one representative chemical in each group. The variance is typically one to two orders of magnitude. For comparison, the point estimates in potential dose for 236 chemicals span ten orders of magnitude. Most of the variance in the potential dose is due to chemical-specific input parameters, especially half-lives, although exposure factors such as fish intake and the source of drinking water can be important for chemicals whose dominant exposure is through indirect routes. Landscape characteristics are generally of minor importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - LIFE cycles (Biology)
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 11648202; Hertwich, Edgar G. 1; McKone, Thomas E. 2; Pease, William S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Energy & Resources Group, CA; 2: School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA; 3: Environmental Defense Fund, CA; Issue Info: Dec99, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p1193; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: LIFE cycles (Biology); Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Mckane, Aimee T.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Washington, DC
A2  - Bertoldi, Paolo
A2  - de Almeida, Anibal T.
A2  - Falkner, Hugh
T1  - Using Collaboration to Achieve Industrial Market Change
T2  - Energy efficiency improvements in electronic motors and drives
PB  - Heidelberg and New York:
PB  - Springer
Y1  - 2000///
SP  - 252
EP  - 268
N1  - Accession Number: 0612311; Reviewed Book ISBN: 3-540-67489-6; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200208
KW  - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D          O32
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eto, Joseph
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Where Did the Money Go? The Cost and Performance of the Largest Commercial Sector DSM Programs
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
SP  - 23
EP  - 49
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0528288 Partial authors List; ; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200007
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
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UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pitcher, Hugh M.
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC
T1  - Mitigation Options in a Sustainable Development World
JO  - Environmental Economics and Policy Studies
JF  - Environmental Economics and Policy Studies
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
SP  - 173
EP  - 193
SN  - 1432847X
N1  - Accession Number: 0558969; Geographic Descriptors: Global; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200104
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10018
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UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10018
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rhodes, Richard
AU  - Beller, Denis
T1  - The Need for Nuclear Power.
JO  - Foreign Affairs
JF  - Foreign Affairs
J1  - Foreign Affairs
PY  - 2000/01//Jan/Feb2000
Y1  - 2000/01//Jan/Feb2000
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 44
PB  - Foreign Affairs
SN  - 00157120
AB  - The article discusses the need to increase the amount of energy that is generated from nuclear power. In the U.S. and around the globe, nuclear safety and efficiency have improved significantly since 1990. In 1998, unit capacity factor for operating reactors reached record levels. The average U.S. capacity factor in 1998 was 80 percent for about 100 reactors, compared to 58 percent in 1980 and 66 percent in 1990. Despite a reduction in the number of power plants, the U.S. nuclear industry generated nine percent more nuclear electricity in 1999 than in 1998. Average production costs for nuclear energy are now just 1.9 cents per kilowatt-hour (kwh), while electricity produced from gas costs 3.4 cents per kwh. Because major, complex technologies take more than half a century to spread around the world, natural gas will share the lead in power generation with nuclear power over the next hundred years. The great advantage of nuclear power is its ability to wrest enormous energy from a small volume of fuel. Nuclear fission, transforming matter directly into energy, is several million times as energetic as chemical burning, which merely breaks chemical bonds.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - NUCLEAR industry
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 2623487; Source Information: Jan/Feb2000, Vol. 79 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: NUCLEAR industry; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 15p; ; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kjeldgaard, Edwin A.
AU  - Jones, Dean A.
AU  - List, George F.
AU  - Turnquist, Mark A.
AU  - Angelo, James W.
AU  - Hopson, Richard D.
AU  - Hudson, John
AU  - Holeman, Terry
T1  - Swords into Plowshares: Nuclear Weapon Dismantlement, Evaluation, and Maintenance at Pantex.
JO  - Interfaces
JF  - Interfaces
Y1  - 2000/01//Jan/Feb2000
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 82
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00922102
AB  - The end of the Cold War changed the missions of facilities in the US nuclear weapons complex. They ceased production of new weapons and focused on dismantling old weapons and maintaining the safety, security, and reliability of those remaining. The Pantex Plant, operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE) by the Mason and Hanger Corporation, is the sole assembly and disassembly facility for dismantlement, evaluation, and maintenance activities for the US nuclear stockpile. We developed a decision support tool, the Pantex Process Model (PPM), to help Pantex plan capacity and deploy resources to meet its new requirements. Using the PPM, Pantex has provided critical input to help the US form and defend positions during arms-control-treaty negotiations. It has changed the way Pantex and the DOE evaluate resource requirements in planning future workloads. It has also led to an innovative cooperative agreement among Pantex, the Transportation Safeguards Division of DOE, and the Department of Defense (DOD) that resulted in Pantex exceeding weapon- dismantlement goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Interfaces is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - COLD War, 1945-1989
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons plants
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 2979177; Kjeldgaard, Edwin A. 1; Jones, Dean A. 2; List, George F. 3; Turnquist, Mark A. 4; Angelo, James W. 5; Hopson, Richard D. 5; Hudson, John 5; Holeman, Terry 5; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-0718, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87785-0718.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories.; 3: Department of Civil Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, Nero York 12180.; 4: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.; 5: Mason and Hanger corporation, P.O. Box 30020, Amarillo, Texas 79177-0001.; Issue Info: Jan/Feb2000, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: COLD War, 1945-1989; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons plants; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsai, Feng C.
AU  - Apte, Michael G.
AU  - Daisey, Joan M.
T1  - An Exploratory Analysis of the Relationship Between Mortality and the Chemical Composition of Airborne Particulate Matter.
JO  - Inhalation Toxicology
JF  - Inhalation Toxicology
Y1  - 2000/01/03/2000 Supplement 2
VL  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
EP  - 135
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08958378
AB  - We explored relationships between daily mortality and the major sources of airborne particulate matter (PM) using a newly developed approach, Factor Analysis and Poisson Regression (FA/PR). We hypothesized that by adding information on PM chemical speciation and source apportionment to typical PM epidemiological analysis, we could identify PM sources that cause adverse health effects. The FA/PR method was applied to a merged data set of mortality and extensive PM chemical speciation (including trace metals, sulfate, and extractable organic matter) in New Jersey. Statistically significant associations were found between mortality and several of the FA-derived PM sources, including oil burning, industry, sulfate aerosol, and motor vehicles. The FA/PR method provides new insight into potentially important PM sources related to mortality. For the data set we analyzed, the use of FA/PR to integrate multiple chemical species into source-related PM exposure metrics was found to be a more sensitive tool than the traditional approach using PM mass alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inhalation Toxicology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FACTOR analysis
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - PARTICULATE matter -- Physiological effect
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - AIRBORNE troops
N1  - Accession Number: 121039236; Tsai, Feng C. 1; Apte, Michael G. 2; Daisey, Joan M. 2; Source Information: 2000 Supplement 2, Vol. 12, p121; Subject: FACTOR analysis; Subject: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject: PARTICULATE matter -- Physiological effect; Subject: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject: AIRBORNE troops; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08958378.2000.11463204
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107110833
T1  - Use of neurotransmitter precursors for treatment of depression.
AU  - Meyers S
Y1  - 2000/02//2000 Feb
N1  - Accession Number: 107110833. Language: English. Entry Date: 20000501. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; review. Journal Subset: Alternative/Complementary Therapies; Double Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 9705340. 
KW  - Depression -- Drug Therapy
KW  - Phenylalanine -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Tyrosine -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Tryptophan -- Therapeutic Use
SP  - 64
EP  - 71
JO  - Alternative Medicine Review
JF  - Alternative Medicine Review
JA  - ALTERN MED REV
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
CY  - Napa, California
PB  - Alternative Medicine Review LLC
AB  - Insufficient activity of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine is a central element of the model of depression most widely held by neurobiologists today. In the late 1970s and 1980s, numerous studies were performed in which depressed patients were treated with the serotonin precursors L-tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), and the dopamine and norepinephrine precursors tyrosine and L-phenylalanine. This article briefly reviews the published research on the efficacy of neurotransmitter precursors in treating depression, highlights the findings of studies, and discusses issues regarding the interpretation of those findings. The nature of the studies makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions regarding the efficacy of neurotransmitter precursors for treating depression. While there is evidence that precursor loading may be of therapeutic value, particularly for the serotonin precursors 5-HTP and tryptophan, more studies of suitable design and size might lead to more conclusive results. However, the evidence suggests neurotransmitter precursors can be helpful in patients with mild or moderate depression.
SN  - 1089-5159
AD  - Staff Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
U2  - PMID: 10696120.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Atmospheric CO2 and Ecosystem Feedback Between C and N Cycles: Synthesis of an Integrated Experiment.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
SN  - 10510761
AB  - An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various articles within the issue on topics including atmospheric CO2 of carbon and nitrogen cycles, gas exchange phenomena in plants, and impact of soil-N (nitrogen in soil) availability on plant growth.
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Nitrogen cycle
KW  - Nitrogen in soils
KW  - atmospheric CO2
KW  - carbon cycling
KW  - fine root turnover
KW  - global change
KW  - nitrogen cycling
KW  - open-top chambers
KW  - Populus tremuloides
KW  - scale
KW  - soil microorganisms
KW  - tree growth
KW  - trembling aspen
N1  - Accession Number: 112065100; Norby, Richard J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Feb2000, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen cycle; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen in soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: fine root turnover; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: open-top chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populus tremuloides; Author-Supplied Keyword: scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil microorganisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: tree growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: trembling aspen; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0001:ACAEFB]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mccarthy, John F.
AU  - Southworth, George R.
AU  - Ham, Kenneth D.
AU  - Palmer, Jennifer A.
T1  - TIME-INTEGRATED, FLUX-BASED MONITORING USING SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE DEVICES TO ESTIMATE THE CONTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES TO REGIONAL POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL BUDGETS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
EP  - 359
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Passive monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) was employed to evaluate the contribution of point and nonpoint sources to the flux of PCB in a drainage system encompassing three U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) industrial and research facilities in eastern Tennessee, USA. Polychlorinated biphenyls concentrations were highest at outfalls containing process waste from the DOE industrial facilities. The significance of these releases was evaluated by calculating the PCB flux (mass per unit time) at different monitoring locations. The flux was calculated from the timeintegrated estimates of the aqueous concentrations of PCB and estimates of the volumetric flow rates of discharges and receiving streams during the deployment period. The DOE discharges accounted for most of the flux of PCB entering the Clinch River from the DOE drainage areas, but these sources constituted only 10% of the flux in the Clinch River about the DOE sources. Principal components analysis was helpful in attributing sources of PCB. In a stream receiving multiple inputs of PCB, congener profiles from upstream sources and discrete discharges were consistent with a mixture of those congener profiles in the downstream receiving water. In another stream with a single upstream source of PCB, changes in PCB flux and congener profiles suggested an apparent steady-state distribution between dissolved PCB and PCB adsorbed to organic matter on the streambed. The flux of dissolved PCB along different stream reaches reflected changes in the sediment organic content. Subtle alterations in congener profiles moving downstream suggested preferential desorption of less chlorinated congeners and sorption of more highly chlorinated congeners to sediment. Time-integrated, flux-based monitoring can be useful across a range of spatial scales for evaluating the significance of point and nonpoint contaminant sources and can help identify and prioritize feasible... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Biological membranes
KW  - Electron-stimulated desorption
KW  - Budget
KW  - Principle components analysis
KW  - Semipermeable membrane devices
KW  - Surface water
N1  - Accession Number: 15940246; Mccarthy, John F. 1; Email Address: mccarthyjf@ornl.gov; Southworth, George R. 1; Ham, Kenneth D. 2; Palmer, Jennifer A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA; 2 : Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 201 North Pearl Street, Ellensburg, Washington 98926, USA;  Source Info: Feb2000, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p352; Thesaurus Term: Polychlorinated biphenyls; Thesaurus Term: Drainage; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Subject Term: Biological membranes; Subject Term: Electron-stimulated desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Budget; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principle components analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semipermeable membrane devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface water; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geffen, Charlette A.
AU  - Rothenberg, Sandra
T1  - Suppliers and environmental innovation.
JO  - International Journal of Operations & Production Management
JF  - International Journal of Operations & Production Management
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
EP  - 186
SN  - 01443577
AB  - Automobile assembly plants worldwide fare increasing pressures in the environmental arena. How a plant responds to these issues has significant implications for the cost and quality of plant operations. Thus paper uses three case studies of US assembly plants to examine the role of partnerships between original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and their suppliers in improving the environmental performance of manufacturing operations. We find that strong partnerships with suppliers, supported by appropriate incentive systems, were a significant element of the successful application of innovative environmental technologies. Supplier staff members were an important part of achieving environmental performance improvements while maintaining production quality and cost goals. The management factors influencing the extent and nature of supplier involvement are identified. The results of this work point to the importance of suppliers in addressing the manufacturing challenges of the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Operations & Production Management is the property of Emerald Group Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FACTORIES -- Environmental aspects
KW  - AUTOMOBILE industry
KW  - PARTNERSHIP agreements
KW  - MANUFACTURES
KW  - CORPORATE environmentalism
KW  - INCENTIVES in industry
KW  - ORIGINAL equipment manufacturers
KW  - Environmental management strategy
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Motor industry
KW  - Partnering
KW  - Process Management
KW  - Suppliers
N1  - Accession Number: 2936089; Geffen, Charlette A. 1; Rothenberg, Sandra 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; 2: Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA; Issue Info: 2000, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p166; Thesaurus Term: FACTORIES -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: AUTOMOBILE industry; Thesaurus Term: PARTNERSHIP agreements; Thesaurus Term: MANUFACTURES; Thesaurus Term: CORPORATE environmentalism; Thesaurus Term: INCENTIVES in industry; Thesaurus Term: ORIGINAL equipment manufacturers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental management strategy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Innovation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motor industry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partnering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Process Management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suppliers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 441110 New Car Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415110 New and used automobile and light-duty truck merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336110 Automobile and light-duty motor vehicle manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336211 Motor Vehicle Body Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336111 Automobile Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339999 All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339990 All other miscellaneous manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Scott A.
AU  - Vavasis, Stephen A.
T1  - QUALITY MESH GENERATION IN HIGHER DIMENSIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1334
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - We consider the problem of triangulating a d-dimensional region. Our mesh generation algorithm, called QMG, is a quadtree-based algorithm that can triangulate any polyhedral region including non-convex regions with holes. Furthermore, our algorithm guarantees a bounded aspect ratio triangulation provided that the input domain itself has no sharp angles. Finally, our algorithm is guaranteed never to over-refine the domain, in the sense that the number of simplices produced by QMG is bounded above by a factor times the number produced by any competing algorithm, where the factor depends on the aspect ratio bound satisfied by the competing algorithm. The QMG algorithm has been implemented in C++ and is used as a mesh generator for the finite element method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - C++ (Computer program language)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - ALGOL (Computer program language)
KW  - DATA processing
KW  - aspect ratio
KW  - mesh generation
KW  - polyhedron
KW  - tetrahedra
KW  - triangulation
N1  - Accession Number: 10699146; Mitchell, Scott A. 1; Email Address: samitch@sandia.gov; Vavasis, Stephen A. 2; Email Address: vavasis@cs.cornell.edu; Affiliations: 1: Computational Mechanics and Visualization Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albu-querque.; 2: Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca.; Issue Info: 2000, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p1334; Thesaurus Term: C++ (Computer program language); Thesaurus Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: ALGOL (Computer program language); Subject Term: DATA processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: aspect ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: polyhedron; Author-Supplied Keyword: tetrahedra; Author-Supplied Keyword: triangulation; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - By Dan Stober
AU  - ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO - The investigation into suspicions that China had stolen American nuclear secrets was focused narrowly on Chinese-Americans, ignoring significant other evidence and failing to look into potential non-Chinese suspects, says RobertVrooman, the former head of counterintelligence at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Ethnicity played a key role in the investigation of Wen Ho Lee, the Los Alamos nuclear scientist now awaiting trial in New Mexico on charges of stealing weapons data, he told Knight Ridder Newspapers.
T1  - Former counterintelligence official alleges racial profiling in Lee case
JO  - San Jose Mercury News (CA)
JF  - San Jose Mercury News (CA)
J1  - San Jose Mercury News (CA)
N1  - Accession Number: 4N00393955652409; Source Information: 20000218
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - n5h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Post, W. M.
AU  - Kwon, K. C.
T1  - Soil carbon sequestration and land-use change: processes and potential.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
EP  - 327
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryWhen agricultural land is no longer used for cultivation and allowed to revert to natural vegetation or replanted to perennial vegetation, soil organic carbon can accumulate. This accumulation process essentially reverses some of the effects responsible for soil organic carbon losses from when the land was converted from perennial vegetation. We discuss the essential elements of what is known about soil organic matter dynamics that may result in enhanced soil carbon sequestration with changes in land-use and soil management. We review literature that reports changes in soil organic carbon after changes in land-use that favour carbon accumulation. This data summary provides a guide to approximate rates of SOC sequestration that are possible with management, and indicates the relative importance of some factors that influence the rates of organic carbon sequestration in soil. There is a large variation in the length of time for and the rate at which carbon may accumulate in soil, related to the productivity of the recovering vegetation, physical and biological conditions in the soil, and the past history of soil organic carbon inputs and physical disturbance. Maximum rates of C accumulation during the early aggrading stage of perennial vegetation growth, while substantial, are usually much less than 100 g C m-2 y-1. Average rates of accumulation are similar for forest or grassland establishment: 33.8 g C m-2 y-1 and 33.2 g C m-2 y-1, respectively. These observed rates of soil organic C accumulation, when combined with the small amount of land area involved, are insufficient to account for a significant fraction of the missing C in the global carbon cycle as accumulating in the soils of formerly agricultural land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Land use
KW  - Humus
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - land-use
KW  - reforestation
KW  - soil carbon
N1  - Accession Number: 5471404; Post, W. M. 1; Kwon, K. C. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6335, USA,; 2 : Chemical Engineering Department, Tuskeegee University, Tuskeegee, AL 36088, USA;  Source Info: Mar2000, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p317; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Humus; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: land-use; Author-Supplied Keyword: reforestation; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil carbon; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00308.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunter, Lee E.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Genetic variation and spatial structure in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and implications for predicted global-scale environmental change.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 344
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryCurrent ecosystem model predictions concerning the effects of global temperature increase on forest responses do not account for factors influencing long-term evolutionary dynamics of natural populations. Population structure and genetic variability may represent important factors in a species' ability to adapt to global-scale environmental change without experiencing major alterations in current range limits. Genetic variation and structure in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were examined across three regions, between two stands within regions, and among four to five open-pollinated families within stands (total N = 547 genotypes) using 58 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Differences within open-pollinated families account for the largest portion of the total variation (29%), while differences among regions represent less than 2% of the total variation. Genetic diversity, as indicated by estimates of percent polymorphic loci, expected heterozygosity, fixation coefficients, and genetic distance, is greatest in the southern region, which consists of populations with the maximum potential risk due to climate change effects. The high level of genetic similarity (greater than 90%) among some genotypes suggests that gene flow is occurring among regions, stands, and families. High levels of genetic variation among families indicate that vegetational models designed to predict species' response to global-scale environmental change may need to consider the degree and hierarchical structure of genetic variation when making large-scale inferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sugar maple
KW  - Plant genetics
KW  - gene flow
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - global warming
KW  - population structure
KW  - RAPDs
KW  - sugar maple
N1  - Accession Number: 5471401; Gunter, Lee E. 1; Tuskan, Gerald A. 1; Gunderson, Carla A. 1; Norby, Richard J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA;  Source Info: Mar2000, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p335; Subject Term: Sugar maple; Subject Term: Plant genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: genetic variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: population structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAPDs; Author-Supplied Keyword: sugar maple; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00313.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chamberlain, Bradford L.
AU  - Sung-Eun Choi
AU  - Lewis, E. Christopher
AU  - Lin, Calvin
AU  - Snyder, Lawrence
AU  - Weathersby, W. Derrick
T1  - ZPL: A Machine Independent Programming Language for Parallel Computers.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 2000/03//
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 211
SN  - 00985589
AB  - The goal of producing architecture-independent parallel programs is complicated by the competing need for high performance. The ZPL programming language achieves both goals by building upon an abstract parallel machine and by providing programming constructs that allow the programmer to "see" this underlying machine. This paper describes ZPL and provides a comprehensive evaluation of the language with respect to its goals of performance portability, and programming convenience. In particular we describe ZPL's machine-independent performance model, describe the programming benefits of ZPL's region-based constructs, summarize the compilation benefits of the language's high-level semantics, and summarize empirical evidence that ZPL has achieved both high performance and portability on diverse machines such as the IBM SP-2, Cray T3E, and SGI Power Challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZPL (Computer program language)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - SEMANTICS
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - COMPUTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11942811; Source Information: Mar2000, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p197; Subject Term: ZPL (Computer program language); Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: SEMANTICS; Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 15p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonn, Bruce
AU  - English, Mary
AU  - Travis, Cheryl
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - U TN
AD  - U TN
T1  - A Framework for Understanding and Improving Environmental Decision Making
JO  - Journal of Environmental Planning and Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Planning and Management
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SP  - 163
EP  - 183
SN  - 09640568
N1  - Accession Number: 0528891; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200007
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
L3  - http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cjep20
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lacks, Sanford A.
AU  - Ayalew, Sahlu
AU  - de la Campa, Adela G.
AU  - Greenberg, Bill
T1  - Regulation of competence for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae: expression of dpnA, a late competence gene encoding a DNA methyltransferase of the DpnII restriction system.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1089
EP  - 1098
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - The chromosomal DpnII gene cassette of Streptococcus pneumoniae encodes two methyltransferases and an endonuclease. One methyltransferase acts on double-stranded and the other on single-stranded DNA. Two mRNAs are transcribed from the cassette. One, a SigA promoter transcript, includes all three genes; the other includes a truncated form of the second methyltransferase gene (dpnA) and the endonuclease gene. The truncated dpnA, which is translated from the second start codon in the full gene, was shown to produce active enzyme. A promoter reporter plasmid for S. pneumoniae was devised to characterize the promoter for the second mRNA. This transcript was found to depend on a promoter that responded to the induction of competence for genetic transformation. The promoter contains the combox sequence recognized by a SigH-containing RNA polymerase. As part of the competence regulon, the dpnA gene makes a product able to methylate incoming plasmid strands to protect them from the endonuclease and allow plasmid establishment. Its function differs from most genes in the regulon, which are involved in DNA uptake. Comparison of R6 and Rx strains of S. pneumoniae showed the temperature dependence of transformation in R6 to result from temperature sensitivity of the uptake apparatus and not the development of competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae
KW  - METHYLTRANSFERASES
KW  - ENDONUCLEASES
KW  - MICROBIAL enzymes
KW  - BACTERIAL genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 5519672; Lacks, Sanford A.; Ayalew, Sahlu; de la Campa, Adela G.; Greenberg, Bill 1; Source Information: Mar2000, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p1089; Subject: STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae; Subject: METHYLTRANSFERASES; Subject: ENDONUCLEASES; Subject: MICROBIAL enzymes; Subject: BACTERIAL genetics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01777.x
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DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Etnier, Elizabeth L.
AU  - King, Joseph F.
AU  - Watson, Annetta P.
T1  - Chemical Warfare Materiel: Unique Regulatory Issues.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 356
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - ABSTRACT / The US Army manages an extensive program of environmental restoration that is carried out primarily under authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), which establishes response authority for cleanup of inactive waste sites. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulates the management and cleanup of hazardous materials at active hazardous waste facilities. Based on the definitions found in these acts, and corresponding promulgated regulations, environmental media contaminated with chemical warfare materiel (CWM) can be regulated as CERCLA “pollutants or contaminants” but do not appear to be regulated either as CERCLA hazardous substances or RCRA hazardous wastes. In those states that have not included CWM as hazardous materials in their RCRA programs, the RCRA requirements for management of hazardous waste would not strictly apply to any of the CWM. The Army has historically implemented procedures requiring that chemical warfare agents be managed as RCRA hazardous waste regardless of the concentration, physical form, or configuration of the agent. Such application of strict hazardous waste requirements to management of potentially nonhazardous CWM can result in remedial costs well out of proportion to potential human health and environmental benefits. Recent development of chronic toxicity values for the CWM has opened the door for development of cleanup and waste management standards for waste streams or media containing small residual amounts of CWM. Implementation of this health-based approach to management of CWM remediation wastes may, in part, help to reduce potentially unnecessary hazardous waste management costs for the nonhazardous CWM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemical warfare
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Hazardous substances
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Armies
KW  - and Liability Act
KW  - and Liability Act; Health-based cleanup; Restoration
KW  - Chemical warfare materiel
KW  - Chemical warfare materiel; Environmental media; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; Comprehensive Environmental Response
KW  - Compensation
KW  - Comprehensive Environmental Response
KW  - Environmental media
KW  - Health-based cleanup
KW  - Resource Conservation & Recovery Act
KW  - Restoration
N1  - Accession Number: 15312628; Etnier, Elizabeth L. 1; King, Joseph F. 2; Watson, Annetta P. 3; Affiliations: 1 : 1405 Whitower Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37919, USA.; 2 : U.S. Army Environmental Center, ATTN: SFIM-AEC-IR-P, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5401, USA.; 3 : Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6480, USA.;  Source Info: Apr2000, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p347; Thesaurus Term: Chemical warfare; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substances; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Armies; Author-Supplied Keyword: and Liability Act; Author-Supplied Keyword: and Liability Act; Health-based cleanup; Restoration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare materiel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare materiel; Environmental media; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; Comprehensive Environmental Response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Comprehensive Environmental Response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Health-based cleanup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resource Conservation & Recovery Act; Author-Supplied Keyword: Restoration; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002679910027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=15312628&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saricks, Christopher L.
AU  - Tompkins, Melanie M.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - The Highway and Railroad Operating Environments for Hazardous Shipments in the United States--Safer in the '90s?
JO  - Journal of Transportation and Statistics
JF  - Journal of Transportation and Statistics
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
SP  - 81
EP  - 92
SN  - 10948848
N1  - Accession Number: 0606395; Keywords: Accidents;  Environment;  Hazardous Waste;  Highways;  Rail;  Railroad;  Roads;  Safety;  Transport;  Transportation; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200206
N2  - This paper seeks to illuminate the status of transportation safety and risk for large-quantity shipments of spent commercial reactor fuel and mixed and hazardous wastes by examining road and rail accident and vehicular travel data from the mid-1990s. Of special interest are the effect of speed limit changes on controlled-access expressways (chiefly the Interstate Highway System) and the possible effect of season-to-season climatic variation on road transport. We found that improvements in railroad technology and infrastructure have created a safer overall operating environment for railroad freight shipments. We also found recent evidence of an increase in accident rates of heavy combination trucks in states that have raised highway speed limits. Finally, cold weather increases road transport risk, while conditions associated with higher ambient temperatures do not. This last finding is in contrast to rail transport, for which the literature associates both hot and cold temperature extremes with higher accident rates.
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Land          Q24
KW  - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation          L92
L3  - http://www.bts.gov/publications/journal_of_transportation_and_statistics/index.html
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0606395&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.bts.gov/publications/journal_of_transportation_and_statistics/index.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107116873
T1  - Internal dosimetry for systemic radiation therapy.
AU  - Fisher DR
Y1  - 2000/04//2000 Apr
N1  - Accession Number: 107116873. Language: English. Entry Date: 20000701. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; equations & formulas; review; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 9202882. 
KW  - Radioimmunotherapy
KW  - Dosimetry
KW  - Radiation Dosage
KW  - Neoplasms -- Radiotherapy
KW  - Mathematics
SP  - 123
EP  - 132
JO  - Seminars in Radiation Oncology
JF  - Seminars in Radiation Oncology
JA  - SEMIN RADIAT ONCOL
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
CY  - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
PB  - W B Saunders
AB  - The key to effective use of the medical internal radiation dose (MIRD) schema in radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is to understand how it works and what the essential data input requirements are. The fundamental data are acquired from medical imaging. Image interpretation involves (1) collecting data to determine the source-organ activities, (2) plotting the source-organ time-activity curves, (3) integrating the time-activity curves for an estimate of the residence time, and (4) applying the residence time values (for each important source organ) within the MIRD schema to calculate the tissue absorbed dose to target organs and tumors of interest. This article reviews methods for calculating internal dose. It also describes methods for selecting sampling times, integrating the area under the data curves, and customizing a dose assessment for a patient who does not resemble the MIRD phantom. A sample dose assessment is given, together with common mistakes to avoid. Three approaches to red marrow dosimetry are described. With the increased use of RIT agents for cancer treatment, a solid understanding of internal dose methods is essential for treatment planning and follow-up evaluations. Copyright © 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company
SN  - 1053-4296
AD  - Hanford Radioisotopes and Medical Sciences Program, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, P7-52, Richland, WA 99352
U2  - PMID: 10727601.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Middleton, Paulette
AU  - Laulainen, Nels
T1  - Examining Impacts of Visibility and PM Strategies before Implementation.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 875
EP  - 880
SN  - 10962247
AB  - One of the major challenges facing the world today is defining paths to sustainable futures. Part of the challenge is developing a national energy strategy that promotes an adequate energy supply for the United States, while enhancing environmental quality and maintaining U.S. competitiveness in the world economy. To assist in this challenge, we have developed a screening technique to analyze the effectiveness of different proposed emissions reduction strategies. The technique, referred to as the visibility assessment screening technique (VAST), is designed to examine possible impacts on visibility of emission changes of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds (i.e., SO[sub2], NO[subx], and VOC) and fine and coarse particulate matter (PM). The influence of relative humidity, natural aerosols, and the chemical interconnections among sulfur and nitrogen components of aerosols in determining the effectiveness of Clean Air Act Amendment and other projected energy-related emissions changes on eastern and western visibility are explored. The effectiveness of these strategies on particulate matter impacts and potentially on ozone is also noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Sulfur oxides
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Air pollution -- Law & legislation
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12147515; Middleton, Paulette 1; Email Address: paulette_middleton@rand.org; Laulainen, Nels 2; Affiliations: 1 : RAND Environmental Science & Policy Center, Boulder, Colorado; 2 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington;  Source Info: May2000, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p875; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Sulfur oxides; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution -- Law & legislation; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ralph, Daniel
AU  - Wright, Stephen J.
T1  - SUPERLINEAR CONVERGENCE OF AN INTERIOR-POINT METHOD DESPITE DEPENDENT CONSTRAINTS.
JO  - Mathematics of Operations Research
JF  - Mathematics of Operations Research
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
EP  - 194
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0364765X
AB  - We show that an interior-point method for monotone variational inequalities exhibits superlinear convergence provided that all the standard assumptions hold except for the well-known assumption that the Jacobian of the active constraints has full rank at the solution. We show that superlinear convergence occurs even when the constant-rank condition on the Jacobian assumed in an earlier work does not hold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - VARIATIONAL inequalities (Mathematics)
KW  - CALCULUS of variations
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL inequalities
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - Interior-point method
KW  - monotone variational inequalities
KW  - superlinear convergence
N1  - Accession Number: 3467333; Ralph, Daniel 1; Wright, Stephen J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Judge Institute of Management Studies, University of Cambridge, Trumpington St, Cambridge CB2 1AG, United Kingdom.; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p179; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: VARIATIONAL inequalities (Mathematics); Subject Term: CALCULUS of variations; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL inequalities; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Interior-point method; Author-Supplied Keyword: monotone variational inequalities; Author-Supplied Keyword: superlinear convergence; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mehlhorn, Rolf J.
T1  - Increased vulnerability of human erythrocytes to hydroperoxide damage after exposure to cigarette smoke or 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene in vitro.
JO  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
JF  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - 148
SN  - 14622203
AB  - Glutathione depletion, a major effect of cigarette smoke on biological tissues exposed to high concentrations of smoke, substantially slowed the consumption of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBH) in human erythrocytes in vitro, as shown by electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses of the rate of disappearance of extracellular tBH. Glutathione depletion by the reagent 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene induced a structural alteration of intracellular hemoglobin by tBH, which was inferred from an increase in hydrophobicity of erythrocyte proteins. Protein hydrophobicity was analyzed with a new ESR assay comprising detection of an increased binding of both anionic and cationic amphiphilic paramagnetic probes in membrane-depleted hemolysates. An increased affinity of oxidant-damaged proteins for amphiphilic probes was also observed in myoglobin and in protein fractions of erythrocytes treated with tBH subsequent to hemolysis. Smoke exposure enhanced the formation of reactive free radicals from tBH by chelated iron and ascorbate. Reactive radical formation, as monitored by spin-trapping methods, was substantially prolonged in erythrocyte suspensions that had been exposed to cigarette smoke. The results of this study suggest that the susceptibility of cells to peroxide-mediated damage, including damage associated with iron-mediated free radical production, is increased after exposure to high concentrations of cigarette smoke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nicotine & Tobacco Research is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROXIDES
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 3807928; Mehlhorn, Rolf J. 1; Source Information: May2000, Vol. 2 Issue 2, p141; Subject: PEROXIDES; Subject: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject: METABOLISM; Subject: PHYSIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/146222000408957
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=3807928&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, John G.
AU  - Beauchamp, John J.
T1  - Evaluation of Caging Designs and a Fingernail Clam for Use in an In Situ Bioassay.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2000/05/05/
VL  - 62
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 230
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Two cage designs and fingernail clams (Sphaerium fabale) were evaluated for their suitability for use in in situ bioassays to assess the ecological condition of a stream and predict ecological recovery potential. One design (referred to as tray design) was a modified plastic tray about one-fourth full of small gravels and covered with 1 mm fiberglass mesh. The second design (referred to as tube-plates) consisted of short plexiglass tubes about one-third full of small gravels and attached horizontally to a plexiglass plate. One end of each tube faced into the current; both ends were covered with mesh. Cages containing clams were deployed at reference and impacted (test) sites for periods of 70 to 135 d. Growth and survival were the primary endpoints evaluated, but the tube-plates allowed isolation of individual clams so that natality also could be evaluated as an endpoint. Results of benthic macroinvertebrate surveys, performed for another study, were included to help validate bioassay results. Both cage designs yielded good quantitative, site-specific results for clam survival and growth; results for natality, though, were less conclusive. Clam survival and growth results were in good general agreement with the results for the benthic macroinvertebrate community surveys. At a site where the macroinvertebrate community was the most depauperate, clam mortality was always rapid. At a site where the condition of the macroinvertebrate community was only slightly less impacted than the most impacted site, clam growth was almost always significantly lower than at reference sites. Survival of clams was significantly reduced in <25 d at this site in some trials, but in other trials there was little mortality. At a minimally impacted site, clam survival was similar to that found at reference sites, and differences in clam growth were not detectable until after 40 to 50 d of exposure. The tube-plate design was easier to use, allowed more flexibility in selection of response parameters, and required less handling time of test animals, thus, this was the preferred design. Our results demonstrated that either in situ bioassay design can be used to augment monitoring and assessment programs. Their use as a predictor of ecological recovery, however, requires further evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - River ecology
KW  - Freshwater ecology
KW  - Sphaeriidae (Mollusks)
KW  - Biological assay
KW  - Clams
KW  - bioassay
KW  - biomonitoring
KW  - clams
KW  - in situ
KW  - sphaeriidae
KW  - streams
N1  - Accession Number: 16655812; Smith, John G. 1; Beauchamp, John J. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, U.S.A.; 2 : Computer and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, U.S.A.;  Source Info: May2000, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p205; Thesaurus Term: River ecology; Thesaurus Term: Freshwater ecology; Subject Term: Sphaeriidae (Mollusks); Subject Term: Biological assay; Subject Term: Clams; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioassay; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomonitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: clams; Author-Supplied Keyword: in situ; Author-Supplied Keyword: sphaeriidae; Author-Supplied Keyword: streams; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Knudson, Frances L
T1  - Database-driven electronic journal Web pages
JO  - Proceedings of the Integrated Online Library Systems Meeting
JF  - Proceedings of the Integrated Online Library Systems Meeting
Y1  - 2000///
VL  - 15
M3  - Conference Paper
SP  - 65
EP  - 71
AB  - Electronic journals are an integral part of the Los Alamos National Laboratory Research Library's collection. Managing the metadata associated with electronic journals (URLs, passwords, holdings, etc.) can quickly become an overwhelming task. The Research Library stores all the electronic journal metadata in the online catalog, and the data is then exported to build the electronic journal Webpages. Having one place to store all this information has facilitated the growth of the electronic journal collection, and has also increased access points to electronic journals for library patrons. Outlines the steps involved in implementing this database-driven model, describes the lessons learned, and discusses the ever-increasing benefits of this model. Proceeding Published by Information Today, Inc., Medford, NJ, 2000
KW  - BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases
KW  - SERIAL publications
KW  - Electronic libraries
KW  - Models
N1  - Accession Number: ISTA3501251; Knudson, Frances L 1; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory Library Without Walls, Los Alamos, NM;  Source Info: 2000, Vol. 15, p65; Note: Place of Publication: Medford, NJ; Note: Publisher: Information Today, Inc.; Note: Update Code: 3503; Note: Conference Title: Proceedings of the Integrated Online Library Systems Meeting; Note: Conference Location: New York, NY; Note: Conference Dates: May 17-18, 2000; Subject Term: BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases; Subject Term: SERIAL publications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Conference Paper
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107120623
T1  - Reduced LDL particle size in children consuming a very-low-fat diet is related to parental LDL-subclass patterns...including commentary by Havel RJ
AU  - Dreon DM
AU  - Fernstrom HA
AU  - Williams PT
AU  - Krauss RM
Y1  - 2000/06//
N1  - Accession Number: 107120623. Language: English. Entry Date: 20000701. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article; commentary; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Supported in part by the National Dairy Promotion and Research Board and administered in cooperation with the National Dairy Council and NIH Program Project grant HL-18574 and grant HL-57344 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. NLM UID: 0376027. 
KW  - Lipoproteins, LDL -- In Infancy and Childhood
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Diet, Fat-Restricted -- In Infancy and Childhood
KW  - Dietary Carbohydrates
KW  - Parents
KW  - Lipids -- Blood
KW  - Lipoproteins -- Blood
KW  - Body Mass Index
KW  - Child
KW  - Adolescence
KW  - Adult
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Data Analysis Software
KW  - Diet Records
KW  - Cholesterol -- Blood
KW  - Triglycerides -- Blood
KW  - Lipoproteins, HDL -- Blood
KW  - Comparative Studies
KW  - Analysis of Variance
KW  - Multiple Regression
KW  - Fisher's Exact Test
KW  - Descriptive Statistics
KW  - Child Nutrition
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 1611
EP  - 1391
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JA  - AM J CLIN NUTR
VL  - 71
IS  - 6
CY  - Bethesda, Maryland
PB  - American Society for Nutrition
AB  - BACKGROUND: A genetically influenced atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype characterized by a predominance of small, dense LDL particles (subclass pattern B) can be induced by low-fat diets in healthy subjects with large LDL particles (pattern A). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to test whether genetic predisposition to subclass pattern B contributes to susceptibility to induction of this trait by a low-fat diet. DESIGN: The prevalence of pattern B in children is relatively low compared with that in older individuals, but genetic susceptibility to this trait in offspring can be inferred by its presence in their parents. Plasma lipoproteins were analyzed 10 d after a change from a usual diet to a very-low-fat (10% fat), high-carbohydrate diet in offspring (mean age: 14 y; range: 7-28 y) of 22 families according to parental LDL-subclass patterns when consuming a low-fat diet: AxA mating (9 families with 19 children), AxB mating (5 families with 10 children), and BxB mating (8 families with 21 children). RESULTS: The very-low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet produced significantly greater decreases in LDL particle size in offspring of BxB parents mean +/- SE: -0.55 +/- 0.16 nm) and AxB parents (-0.48 +/- 0.19 nm) than in offspring of AxA parents (0.14 +/- 0.20 nm). The number of children expressing pattern B with the 10%-fat diet and the proportion of children converting from pattern A to pattern B was significantly greater in offspring of BxB parents than in those with 1 or 2 pattern A parents. CONCLUSION: A very-low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet can induce expression of LDL-subclass pattern B in genetically predisposed children with low expression of the trait while consuming their usual diets. Copyright © 2000 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
SN  - 0002-9165
AD  - Donner Laboratory, Room 465, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720. E-mail: rmkrauss@lbl.gov
U2  - PMID: 10837306.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Chin Jr, George1
AU  - Carroll, John M.2
T1  - Articulating collaboration in a learning community.
JO  - Behaviour & Information Technology
JF  - Behaviour & Information Technology
J1  - Behaviour & Information Technology
PY  - 2000/06//
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
CP  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 246
SN  - 0144929X
AB  - A common computer-based collaborative learning approach is to simply introduce contemporary computermediated communication technology into the classroom to support prescribed learning activities. This approach assumes that all students collaborate in similar ways and that presentday technology is sufficient to accommodate all collaboration forms. This view is superficial and limiting. Students collaborate in different ways at different levels on different learning activities. A more detailed articulation of collaboration in learning is crucial to understanding and extending the pedagogical capabilities and usefulness of collaborative technologies. A model is presented for a more finely articulated form of analysis that enumerates types of collaborative learning activities and evaluates how these activities may be supported through different design options. The analysis is based on actual classroom scenarios and the collaboration requirements that emerge from them. The authors have successfully applied this analysis model in the design of a computer-based collaborative learning environment for science education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
KW  - Telematics
KW  - Computer network resources
KW  - Classrooms
N1  - Accession Number: 3961780; Authors: Chin Jr, George 1; Carroll, John M. 2; Affiliations:  1: Information Sciences and Engineering, Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA;  2: Computer Science Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Subject: Telematics; Subject: Classrooms; Subject: Computer network resources; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lls
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, V. H.
AU  - Brown, S.
AU  - Haeuber, R. A.
AU  - Hobbs, N. T.
AU  - Huntly, N.
AU  - Naiman, R. J.
AU  - Riebsame, W. E.
AU  - Turner, M. G.
AU  - Valone, T. J.
T1  - ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING THE USE OF LAND.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 639
EP  - 670
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article focuses on the various initiatives taken by the Ecological Society of America (ESA) to manage the land-cover changes, which have been taking place due to poor land use and land management techniques. It reports on the impact of land management on ecosystems, and discusses that the ESA guidelines encourage individuals to follow habitat conservation methods.
KW  - Land use
KW  - Land management
KW  - Habitat conservation
KW  - Land cover
KW  - conservation
KW  - disturbance
KW  - ecological processes
KW  - ecosystem function
KW  - environmental policy
KW  - keystone species
KW  - land management
KW  - land use, ecological principles and guidelines
KW  - landscape
KW  - nonnative species
KW  - planning
KW  - settlement patterns
KW  - Ecological Society of America
N1  - Accession Number: 112065875; Dale, V. H. 1; Brown, S. 2; Haeuber, R. A. 3; Hobbs, N. T. 4; Huntly, N. 5; Naiman, R. J. 6; Riebsame, W. E. 7; Turner, M. G. 8; Valone, T. J. 9; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036 USA; 2 : Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois 61820 USA; 3 : Sustainable Biosphere Initiative, Ecological Society of America, Washington, D.C. 20006 USA; 4 : Colorado Division of Wildlife and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 USA; 5 : Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209-8007 USA; 6 : College of Ocean and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2100 USA; 7 : Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309 USA; 8 : Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 USA; 9 : Department of Zoology, California State University, Northridge, California 91330-8303 USA;  Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p639; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Land management; Thesaurus Term: Habitat conservation; Subject Term: Land cover; Author-Supplied Keyword: conservation; Author-Supplied Keyword: disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem function; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: keystone species; Author-Supplied Keyword: land management; Author-Supplied Keyword: land use, ecological principles and guidelines; Author-Supplied Keyword: landscape; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonnative species; Author-Supplied Keyword: planning; Author-Supplied Keyword: settlement patterns; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0639:EPAGFM]2.0.CO;2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=112065875&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
AU  - Haeuber, Richard A.
T1  - Perspectives on Land Use.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 671
EP  - 672
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article reports that growth and development of human population has led to changes in the land use and land management patterns. It discusses the environmental aspects associated with changed land use pattern. It states that the U.S. government has taken several land conservation initiatives by launching several new laws such as the Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, and the Clean Air Act.
KW  - Land use
KW  - Land management
KW  - Natural areas -- Government policy
KW  - United States. Endangered Species Act of 1973
KW  - United States. Clean Air Act
KW  - Clean Water Act of 1972 (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 112065867; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Haeuber, Richard A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2 : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency;  Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p671; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Land management; Subject Term: Natural areas -- Government policy; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0671:POLU]2.0.CO;2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=112065867&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kirby, Brendan
T1  - Restructured Electricity Markets Mean More Complexity and Increased Opportunities.
JO  - Energy User News
JF  - Energy User News
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 14
PB  - BNP Media
SN  - 01629131
AB  - Focuses on the effect of restructuring of electric industry in the U.S. on decision associated with investing in and operating combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) facilities.  Ancillary services open for deregulation in the U.S.; Advantages of using distributed resources to provide ancillary services; Impact of CCHP facilities on power supplies and horizontal-power problems.
KW  - DEREGULATION
KW  - ELECTRIC industries
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - LAW & legislation
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 7707601; Kirby, Brendan 1; Affiliations: 1: PE, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY.; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 25 Issue 6, p13; Thesaurus Term: DEREGULATION; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC industries; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Subject Term: LAW & legislation; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2347
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holmes, Lore L.
AU  - Harbottle, Garman
T1  - The Romanesque Arch at The Cloisters Museum: Stone Analysis.
JO  - Gesta
JF  - Gesta
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 27
SN  - 0016920X
AB  - The composition of limestone samples taken from the Romanesque arch at The Cloisters Museum and from a portal at Notre-Dame d'Aiguevives was determined by neutron activation analysis. Comparison of the resulting compositional profiles suggests that stone for both portals came from the same limestone formation and possibly from the same quarry. The Cloisters' arch may therefore once have been part of the ruined French abbey of Aiguevives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Gesta is the property of University of Chicago Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Romanesque architecture
KW  - Arches -- Design & construction
KW  - Limestone
KW  - Nuclear activation analysis
KW  - Architecture -- France
KW  - France
N1  - Accession Number: 33643907; Holmes, Lore L. 1; Harbottle, Garman 1; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: 2000, Vol. 39 Issue 1, p24; Thesaurus Term: Romanesque architecture; Thesaurus Term: Arches -- Design & construction; Subject Term: Limestone; Subject Term: Nuclear activation analysis; Subject Term: Architecture -- France; Subject: France; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, G.S.
AU  - Neuhauser, K.S.
T1  - Quantitative Methods for Environmental Justice Assessment of Transportation.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 384
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Application of Executive Order 12898 to risk assessment of highway or rail transport of hazardous materials has proven difficult; in general, the location and conditions affecting the propagation of a plume of hazardous material released in a potential accident are unknown. Therefore, analyses have only been possible in a geographically broad or approximate manner. The advent of geographic information systems and development of software enhancements at Sandia National Laboratories have made kilometer-by-kilometer analysis of populations tallied by U.S. Census blocks along entire routes practicable. Tabulations of total or racially/ethnically distinct populations close to a route, its alternatives, or the broader surrounding area, can then be compared and differences evaluated statistically. This article presents methods of comparing populations and their racial/ethnic compositions using simple tabulations, histograms, and chi-square tests for statistical significance of differences found. Two examples of these methods are presented: comparison of two routes and comparison of a route with its surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental justice
KW  - Hazardous substances
KW  - Transportation -- Environmental aspects
KW  - chi square
KW  - Hazardous material
KW  - Relative risks
KW  - transportation
N1  - Accession Number: 6632600; Mills, G.S. 1; Neuhauser, K.S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories;  Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p377; Thesaurus Term: Environmental justice; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substances; Thesaurus Term: Transportation -- Environmental aspects; Author-Supplied Keyword: chi square; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relative risks; Author-Supplied Keyword: transportation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gross, Alan G.
AU  - Harmon, Joseph E.
AU  - Reidy, Michael S.
T1  - Argument and 17th-Century Science: A Rhetorical Analysis with Sociological Implications.
JO  - Social Studies of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.)
JF  - Social Studies of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.)
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 396
SN  - 03063127
AB  - Compares the argumentative practices of the English and French scientific communities from the origin of the scientific journal in 1665 up to 1700 by examining responses to a uniform set of questions related to argumentative practice in a large sample of articles randomly drawn from the three preeminent scientific journals of this period: 'Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Journal des Sçavans,' and 'Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences.' The results suggest an interesting link between sociopolitical structures and their influence on early scientific societies and the articles in their fledgling publications. In particular, the early professionalization of French science through the Académie Royale led to a heightened emphasis on features familiar in 20th-century practice: quantification, mathematical and mechanical explanations for acquired facts, visual representations of facts and their explanations, and use of observations and experimental results as stepping stones to theory. This social arrangement led as well to a narrower view of what constituted acceptable subject matter. Despite these differences, there are also enough similarities in English and French communicative practices to suggest the beginnings of an international scientific community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Social Studies of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMMUNICATION in science
KW  - PERIODICALS
KW  - SCIENCE -- Periodicals
KW  - SCIENCE publishing
KW  - SCIENTIFIC community
KW  - SCIENTIFIC knowledge
KW  - CONTENT analysis (Communication)
KW  - SCIENCE -- Societies, etc.
KW  - SCIENCE -- Social aspects
KW  - RHETORIC
KW  - FRANCE
KW  - ENGLAND
KW  - hedging
KW  - rhetoric of science
KW  - scientific societies
KW  - visuals
N1  - Accession Number: 5434833; Gross, Alan G. 1; Email Address: grossalang@aol.com; Harmon, Joseph E. 2; Email Address: harmon@cmt.anl.gov; Reidy, Michael S. 3; Email Address: mreidy@ou.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Rhetoric, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA; 2 : Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; 3 : History of Science Department, University of Oklahoma, 601 Elm Avenue, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA;  Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p371; Historical Period: 1665 to 1700; Subject Term: COMMUNICATION in science; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; Subject Term: SCIENCE -- Periodicals; Subject Term: SCIENCE publishing; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC community; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC knowledge; Subject Term: CONTENT analysis (Communication); Subject Term: SCIENCE -- Societies, etc.; Subject Term: SCIENCE -- Social aspects; Subject Term: RHETORIC; Subject: FRANCE; Subject: ENGLAND; Author-Supplied Keyword: hedging; Author-Supplied Keyword: rhetoric of science; Author-Supplied Keyword: scientific societies; Author-Supplied Keyword: visuals; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 11751
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hia
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garten Jr., C. T.
T1  - Nitrogen Saturation and Soil N Availability in a High-Elevation Spruce and Fir Forest.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
EP  - 313
SN  - 00496979
AB  - A field study was conducted during the summer of 1995 to gain a better understanding of the causes of nitrate (NO3-N) leaching and ongoing changes in soil nitrogen (N) availability in high-elevation (1524–2000 m) spruce (Picea rubens) and fir (Abies fraseri) forests of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee and North Carolina, U.S.A. Indicators of soil N availability (total soil N concentrations, extractable NH4-N, extractable NO3-N, and C/N ratios) were measured in Oa and A horizons at 33 study plots. Dynamic measures included potential net soil N mineralization determined in 12-week aerobic laboratory incubations at 22 °C. Potential net nitrification in the A horizon was correlated (r = +0.83, P < 0.001) with total soil N concentrations. Most measures of soil N availability did not exhibit significant trends with elevation, but there were topographic differences. Potential net soil N mineralization and net nitrification in the A horizon were higher in coves than on ridges. Relative amounts of particulate and organomineral soil organic matter influenced potential net N mineralization and nitrification in the A horizon. Calculations indicate that soil N availability and NO3-N leaching in high-elevation spruce and fir forests of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park will increase in response to regional warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Soils
KW  - Nitrification
KW  - Great Smoky Mountains National Park (N.C. & Tenn.)
KW  - North Carolina
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - elevation gradient
KW  - Great Smoky Mountains National Park
KW  - nitrification
KW  - particulate organic matter
KW  - soil N mineralization
KW  - topography
N1  - Accession Number: 16604190; Garten Jr., C. T. 1; Email Address: ctg@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831–6038, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 120 Issue 3/4, p295; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Nitrification; Subject: Great Smoky Mountains National Park (N.C. & Tenn.); Subject: North Carolina; Subject: Tennessee; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevation gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Great Smoky Mountains National Park; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrification; Author-Supplied Keyword: particulate organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil N mineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: topography; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
AU  - Neale, Anne C.
AU  - Nash, Maliha S.
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
AU  - Wickham, James D.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - van Remortel, Rick D.
T1  - Landscape Correlates of Breeding Bird Richness Across the United States Mid-Atlantic Region.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2000/06/15/
VL  - 63
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 174
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Using a new set of landscape indicator data generated by the U.S.EPA, and a comprehensive breeding bird database from the National Breeding Bird Survey, we evaluated associations between breeding bird richness and landscape characteristics across the entire mid-Atlantic region of the United States. We evaluated how these relationships varied among different groupings (guilds) of birds based on functional, structural, and compositional aspects of individual species demographics. Forest edge was by far the most important landscape attribute affecting the richness of the lumped specialist and generalist guilds; specialist species richness was negatively associated with forest edge and generalist richness was positively associated with forest edge. Landscape variables (indicators) explained a greater proportion of specialist species richness than the generalist guild (46% and 31%, respectively). The lower value in generalists may reflect finer-scale distributions of open habitat that go undetected by the Landsat satellite, open habitats created by roads (the areas from which breeding bird data are obtained), and the lumping of a wide variety of species into the generalist category. A further breakdown of species into 16 guilds showed considerable variation in the response of breeding birds to landscape conditions; forest obligate species had the strongest association with landscape indicators measured in this study (55% of the total variation explained) and forest generalists and open ground nesters the lowest (17% of the total variation explained). The variable response of guild species richness to landscape pattern suggests that one must consider species' demographics when assessing the consequences of landscape change on breeding birds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bird watching
KW  - Landscape changes
KW  - Ecological surveys
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Bird surveys
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 15605459; Jones, K. Bruce 1; Neale, Anne C. 1; Nash, Maliha S. 1; Riitters, Kurt H. 2; Wickham, James D. 3; O'Neill, Robert V. 4; van Remortel, Rick D. 5; Affiliations: 1 : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV USA; 2 : U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Raleigh, NC USA; 3 : US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC USA; 4 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA; 5 : Lockheed-Martin, Las Vegas, NV USA;  Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 63 Issue 1, p159; Thesaurus Term: Bird watching; Thesaurus Term: Landscape changes; Thesaurus Term: Ecological surveys; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Subject Term: Bird surveys; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sessler, Andrew M.
T1  - Setbacks don't dampen the energy of US physics.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2000/06/15/
VL  - 405
IS  - 6788
M3  - Article
SP  - 733
EP  - 733
SN  - 00280836
N1  - Accession Number: 89584768; Sessler, Andrew M. 1; Source Information: 6/15/2000, Vol. 405 Issue 6788, p733; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hörz, Fredrich
AU  - Muller, Richard A.
AU  - Becker, Timothy A.
AU  - Culler, Timothy S.
AU  - Karner, Daniel B.
AU  - Renne, Paul R.
T1  - Time-Variable Cratering Rates?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2000/06/23/
VL  - 288
IS  - 5474
M3  - Article
SP  - 2095a
EP  - 2095a
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 96412405; Hörz, Fredrich 1; Email Address: Friedrich.Horz@jsc.nasa.gov; Muller, Richard A. 2; Email Address: ramuller@lbl.gov; Becker, Timothy A. 3; Culler, Timothy S. 4; Karner, Daniel B. 5; Renne, Paul R. 6; Source Information: 6/23/2000, Vol. 288 Issue 5474, p2095a; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1126/science.288.5474.2095a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graves, Todd L.
AU  - Karr, Alan F.
AU  - Marron, J. S.
AU  - Siy, Harvey
T1  - Predicting Fault Incidence Using Software Change History.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 2000/07//
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 661
SN  - 00985589
AB  - This paper is an attempt to understand the processes by which software ages. We define code to be aged or decayed if its structure makes it unnecessarily difficult to understand or change and we measure the extent of decay by counting the number of faults in code in a period of time. Using change management data from a very large, long-lived software system, we explore the extent to which measurements from the change history are successful in predicting the distribution over modules of these incidences of faults. In general, process measures based on the change history are more useful in predicting fault rates than product metrics of the code: For instance, the number of times code has been changed is a better indication of how many faults it will contain than is its length. We also compare the fault rates of code of various ages, finding that if a module is, on the average, a year older than an otherwise similar module, the older module will have roughly a third fewer faults. Our most successful model measures the fault potential of a module as the sum of contributions from all of the times the module has been changed, with large, recent changes receiving the most weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - SOFTWARE measurement
KW  - LINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 11942766; Source Information: Jul2000, Vol. 26 Issue 7, p653; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: SOFTWARE measurement; Subject Term: LINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foster, K. T.
AU  - Sugiyama, G.
AU  - Nasstrom, J. S.
AU  - Leone Jr., J. M.
AU  - Chan, S. T.
AU  - Bowen, B. M.
T1  - The use of an operational model evaluation system for model intercomparison.
JO  - International Journal of Environment & Pollution
JF  - International Journal of Environment & Pollution
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 09574352
AB  - Describes a model evaluation system for the study of the capabilities and performance of operational atmospheric transport and dispersion models. Statistical methods used in the system; Features of the database supporting the system; Applications of the system.
KW  - Atmospheric deposition
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Model validation
KW  - Databases
N1  - Accession Number: 10906258; Foster, K. T. 1; Sugiyama, G. 1; Nasstrom, J. S. 1; Leone Jr., J. M. 1; Chan, S. T. 1; Bowen, B. M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Atmosheric Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.;  Source Info: 2000, Vol. 14 Issue 1-6, p1; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric deposition; Subject Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Model validation; Subject Term: Databases; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Passell, Howard
T1  - A Common Thread to a New Global Paradigm.
JO  - Conservation Biology
JF  - Conservation Biology
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 924
EP  - 925
SN  - 08888892
AB  - Presents correspondence on the development of a global paradigm on conservation education.  Efforts to conserve ecosystem degradation; Continued efforts by various individuals and organization to stem ecological degradation.
KW  - Conservation of natural resources -- Study & teaching
KW  - Ecological disturbances
N1  - Accession Number: 5472354; Passell, Howard 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1373, Albuquerque, NM 87185–1373, U.S.A., email hdpasse@sandia.gov, and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131–1091, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Aug2000, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p924; Thesaurus Term: Conservation of natural resources -- Study & teaching; Thesaurus Term: Ecological disturbances; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99l13-2.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, George R.
AU  - Turner, Ralph R.
AU  - Peterson, Mark J.
AU  - Bogle, Mary Anna
AU  - Ryon, Michael G.
T1  - Response of Mercury Contamination in Fish to Decreased Aqueous Concentrations and Loading of Inorganic Mercury in a Small Stream.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 63
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
EP  - 494
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Approximately 250 000 kg of mercury was lost to water and soils at the U.S. Dept. of Energy Y-12 Plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee in the 1950s and early 1960s. A creek originating within the plant received continuous inputs of waterborne mercury, predominantly as dissolved inorganic mercury, from groundwater, streambed contamination, and sump and process water discharges to the contaminated storm sewer network. These produce aqueous total mercury concentrations of 1–2 μg L-1 in the upper reaches of the stream, decreasing to about 0.1–0.2 μg L-1 in its lower reaches. A program to reduce mercury concentrations in the creek identified specific sources (building sumps, contaminated springwater seeps, foundation drains, and contaminated piping) and rerouted water around contaminated portions of the drain system or collected and treated mercury-contaminated water before discharging it. As a result, waterborne mercury concentrations in the creek and total mercury loading were reduced from 1.8 μg L-1 to 0.6 μg L-1 and 100 to 20 g d-1, respectively, in the last 5 yr. Mean mercury concentrations in fish nearest source areas in the creek headwaters decreased at roughly the same rate as waterborne total mercury concentrations over the past five years, but at the facility boundary downstream the decline in mercury bioaccumulation was much less. At sites 5–15 km farther downstream, no decrease was evident. Dissolved methylmercury tended to increase with distance downstream in a pattern inverse to that noted for its dissolved inorganic mercury precursor. Improvements in water quality and modification of weirs to allow the passage of fish have resulted in the establishment of large populations of fish in mercury-contaminated headwater areas previously devoid of fish. It may be that the accumulation, retention, and eventual downstream transport of this reservoir of biologically incorporated methylmercury has acted to buffer against expected reductions in mercury in fish at downstream sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Fishes
KW  - Oak Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - bioaccumulation
KW  - mercury
KW  - methylmercury
KW  - remediation
N1  - Accession Number: 16655832; Southworth, George R. 1; Turner, Ralph R. 2; Peterson, Mark J. 1; Bogle, Mary Anna 1; Ryon, Michael G. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, U.S.A.; 2 : Frontier Geosciences Inc. Seattle, Washington 98109, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Aug2000, Vol. 63 Issue 3, p481; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Fishes; Subject: Oak Ridge (Tenn.); Author-Supplied Keyword: bioaccumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: methylmercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: remediation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Ray S.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Lincoln, David E.
T1  - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature-grown red and sugar maple on gypsy moth performance.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 685
EP  - 695
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryFew studies have investigated how tree species grown under elevated CO2 and elevated temperature alter the performance of leaf-feeding insects. The indirect effects of an elevated CO2 concentration and temperature on leaf phytochemistry, along with potential direct effects on insect growth and consumption, may independently or interactively affect insects. To investigate this, we bagged larvae of the gypsy moth on leaves of red and sugar maple growing in open-top chambers in four CO2/temperature treatment combinations: (i) ambient temperature, ambient CO2; (ii) ambient temperature, elevated CO2 (+ 300 μL L-1 CO2); (iii) elevated temperature (+ 3.5°C), ambient CO2; and (iv) elevated temperature, elevated CO2. For both tree species, leaves grown at elevated CO2 concentration were significantly reduced in leaf nitrogen concentration and increased in C: N ratio, while neither temperature nor its interaction with CO2 concentration had any effect. Depending on the tree species, leaf water content declined (red maple) and carbon-based phenolics increased (sugar maple) on plants grown in an enriched CO2 atmosphere. The only observed effect of elevated temperature on leaf phytochemistry was a reduction in leaf water content of sugar maple leaves. Gypsy moth larval responses were dependent on tree species. Larvae feeding on elevated CO2-grown red maple leaves had reduced growth, while temperature had no effect on the growth or consumption of larvae. No significant effects of either temperature or CO2 concentration were observed for larvae feeding on sugar maple leaves. Our data demonstrate strong effects of CO2 enrichment on leaf phytochemical constituents important to folivorous insects, while an elevated temperature largely has little effect. We conclude that alterations in leaf chemistry... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Gypsy moth
KW  - Red maple
KW  - Sugar maple
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - global climate change
KW  - Insect performance
KW  - leaf nitrogen
KW  - Lymantria dispar
KW  - phenolics
N1  - Accession Number: 5471344; Williams, Ray S. 1; Norby, Richard J. 2; Lincoln, David E. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA,; 2 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA,; 3 : Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;  Source Info: Aug2000, Vol. 6 Issue 6, p685; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Gypsy moth; Subject Term: Red maple; Subject Term: Sugar maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: global climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insect performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lymantria dispar; Author-Supplied Keyword: phenolics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00343.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertwich, E.G.
AU  - McKone, T.E.
AU  - Pease, W.S.
T1  - A Systematic Uncertainty Analysis of an Evaluative Fate and Exposure Model.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 454
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Multimedia fate and exposure models are widely used to regulate the release of toxic chemicals, to set cleanup standards for contaminated sites, and to evaluate emissions in life-cycle assessment. CalTOX, one of these models, is used to calculate the potential dose, an outcome that is combined with the toxicity of the chemical to determine the Human Toxicity Potential (HTP), used to aggregate and compare emissions. The comprehensive assessment of the uncertainty in the potential dose calculation in this article serves to provide the information necessary to evaluate the reliability of decisions based on the HTP. A framework for uncertainty analysis in multimedia risk assessment is proposed and evaluated with four types of uncertainty. Parameter uncertainty is assessed through Monte Carlo analysis. The variability in landscape parameters is assessed through a comparison of potential dose calculations for different regions in the United States. Decision rule uncertainty is explored through a comparison of the HTP values under open and closed system boundaries. Model uncertainty is evaluated through two case studies, one using alternative formulations for calculating the plant concentration and the other testing the steady state assumption for wet deposition. This investigation shows that steady state conditions for the removal of chemicals from the atmosphere are not appropriate and result in an underestimate of the potential dose for 25% of the 336 chemicals evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
KW  - Life-cycle assessment
KW  - Multimedia modeling
KW  - Potential dose
KW  - Toxics Release Inventory
KW  - uncertainty
KW  - variability
N1  - Accession Number: 6632508; Hertwich, E.G. 1; McKone, T.E. 2; Pease, W.S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeley; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley; 3: School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley; Issue Info: Aug2000, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p439; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life-cycle assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multimedia modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potential dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxics Release Inventory; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: variability; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thrall, K. D.
AU  - Vucelick, M. E.
AU  - Gies, R. A.
AU  - Benson, J. M.
T1  - COMPARATIVE METABOLISM OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE IN RATS, MICE, AND HAMSTERS USING GAS UPTAKE AND PBPK MODELING.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
Y1  - 2000/08/25/
VL  - 60
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 548
SN  - 15287394
AB  - No study has comprehensively compared the rate of metabolism of carbon tetrachloride (CCl[sub 4]) across species. Therefore, the in vivo metabolism of CCl[sub 4] was evaluated using groups of male animals (F344 rats, B6C3F[sub 1] mice, and Syrian hamsters) exposed to 40-1800 ppm CCl[sub 4] in a closed, recirculating gas-uptake system. For each species, an optimal fit of the family of uptake curves was obtained by adjusting Michaelis-Menten metabolic constants K [sub m] (affinity) and V [sub max] (capacity) using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. The results show that the mouse has a slightly higher capacity and lower affinity for metabolizing CCl[sub 4] compared to the rat, while the hamster has a higher capacity and lower affinity than either rat or mouse. A comparison of the V [sub max] to K [sub m] ratio, normalized for milligrams of liver protein (L/ h/ mg) across species, indicates that hamsters metabolize more CCl[sub 4] than either rats or mice, and should be more susceptible to CCl[sub 4]-induced hepatotoxicity. These species comparisons were evaluated against toxicokinetic studies conducted in animals exposed by nose-only inhalation to 20 ppm 14C-labeled CCl[sub 4] for 4 h. The toxicokinetic study results are consistent with the in vivo rates of metabolism, with rats eliminating less radioactivity associated with metabolism ( 14CO [sub 2] and urine/ feces) and more radioactivity associated with the parent compound (radioactivity trapped on charcoal) compared to either hamsters or mice. The in vivo metabolic constants determined here, together with in vitro constants determined using rat, mouse, hamster, and human liver microsomes, were used to estimate human in vivo metabolic rates of 1.49 mg/ h/ kg body weight and 0.25 mg/ L for V [sub max] and K [sub m], respectively. Normalizing the rate of metabolism ( V [sub ma] / K [sub m]) by milligrams liver protein, the rate of metabolism of CCl[sub 4] differs across species, with[sup x]hamster > mouse > rat > human. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON tetrachloride
KW  - METABOLISM
N1  - Accession Number: 3972012; Thrall, K. D. 1; Vucelick, M. E. 2; Gies, R. A. 1; Benson, J. M. 3; Source Information: 2000, Vol. 60 Issue 8, p531; Subject: CARBON tetrachloride; Subject: METABOLISM; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00984100050082085
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meador, Richard
T1  - Marine Corps Makes Technological Leap to Better Operations, Maintenance.
JO  - Energy User News
JF  - Energy User News
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
EP  - 29
PB  - BNP Media
SN  - 01629131
AB  - Reports that the U.S. Marine Corps asked engineers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in the 1990s to develop new technologies to solve chronic load problems and implement better maintenance and operations practices.  Features of the Decision Support for Operations and Maintenance (DSOM) software developed by PNNL engineers; Benefits of DSOM technology; Plans to install DSOM II at Parris Island in Beaufort, South Carolina as of September 2000.
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Marine Corps
N1  - Accession Number: 7732217; Meador, Richard 1; Affiliations: 1: Program manager, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep2000, Vol. 25 Issue 9, p28; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY conservation; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Marine Corps; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221118 Other Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 5 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1554
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Traina, Samuel J.
AU  - Sims, Gerald K.
T1  - EFFECTS OF SORPTION ON THE BIODEGRADATION OF 2-METHYLPYRIDINE IN AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS OF REFERENCE CLAY MINERALS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2168
EP  - 2174
SN  - 07307268
AB  - The effects of sorption on the bioavailability of 2-methylpyridine (2-MP) were investigated by determining the biodegradation of 2-MP by an Arthrobacter sp. in aqueous suspensions of reference clay minerals and a synthetic cation exchange resin. Adsorption of 2-MP on kaolinite, illite, hectorite, montmorillonite, and Dowext was determined by the batch equilibrium method. In general, adsorption of 2-MP was positively correlated with the cation exchange capacity of the sorbent, suggesting that sorption of 2-MP on clay minerals occurs through a cation exchange reaction via the 2-methylpyridinium ion. The biodegradation of 2-MP was most rapid in the kaolinite suspensions, followed by no clay . illite k Dowex . hectorite/montmorillonite. With the exception of kaolinite, adsorption of 2-MP on clay minerals and Dowex reduced the rate of biodegradation. The degree of attenuation was positively correlated with the fraction of 2-MP sorbed, suggesting that sorbed 2-MP was not directly available for degradation. Desorption was not rate limiting in suspensions containing hectorite, montmorillonite, or Dowex; however, desorption may have become limiting in the kaolinite and illite suspensions. The results of this study clearly indicate that adsorption can directly affect the degradation of 2-MP in complex mineral systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Pyridine
KW  - Clay minerals
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Methyl groups
KW  - Arthrobacter
KW  - Kaolinite
KW  - Synthetic gums & resins
KW  - Cations
KW  - 2-Methylpyridine
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Sorption
N1  - Accession Number: 15939899; O'Loughlin, Edward J. 1,2; Email Address: ed.oloughlin@hotmail.com; Traina, Samuel J. 1; Sims, Gerald K. 1,3; Affiliations: 1 : School of Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1086, USA; 2 : Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 3 : U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service--Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 81801;  Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p2168; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Pyridine; Thesaurus Term: Clay minerals; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Subject Term: Methyl groups; Subject Term: Arthrobacter; Subject Term: Kaolinite; Subject Term: Synthetic gums & resins; Subject Term: Cations; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-Methylpyridine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioavailability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Huchton, J.D.
AU  - Mullen, M.A.
AU  - Naranjo, L.
T1  - Radionuclides in pinon pine (Pinus edulis) nuts from los alamos national laboratory lands and the dose from consumption.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
EP  - 622
SN  - 03601234
AB  - One of the dominant tree species growing within and around the eastern portion of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM, lands is the pinon pine (Pinus edulis). Pinon pine is used for firewood, fence posts, and building materials and is a source of nuts for food—the seeds are consumed by a wide variety of animals and are also gathered by people in the area and eaten raw or roasted. This study investigated the (1) concentration of 3H, 137Cs, 90Sr, totU, 238Pu, 239, 240Pu, and241 Am in soils (0‐ to 12‐in. [31 cm] depth underneath the tree), pinon pine shoots (PPS), and pinon pine nuts (PPN) collected from LANL lands and regional background (BG) locations, (2) committed effective dose equivalent (CEDE) from the ingestion of nuts, and (3) soil to PPS to PPN concentration ratios (CRs). Most radionuclides, with the exception of 3H in soils, were not significantly higher (p < 0.10) in soils, PPS, and PPN collected from LANL as compared to BG locations, and concentrations of most radionuclides in PPN from LANL have decreased over time. The maximum net CEDE (the CEDE plus two sigma minus BG) at the most conservative ingestion rate (10 lb [4.5 kg]) was 0.0018 mrem (0.018 μSv); this is far below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (all pathway) permissible dose limit of 100 mrem (1000 μSv). Soil‐to‐nut CRs for most radionuclides were within the range of default values in the literature for common fruits and vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75453209; Fresquez, P.R. 1; Huchton, J.D. 1; Mullen, M.A. 1; Naranjo, L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environment, Safety and Health Division, M887, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545;  Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p611; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/03601230009373296
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rao, Anand J.
AU  - Pagilla, Krishna R.
AU  - Wagh, Arun S.
T1  - Stabilization and Solidification of Metal-Laden Wastes by Compaction and Magnesium Phosphate-Based Binder.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 50
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1623
EP  - 1631
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Bench-scale and full-scale investigations of waste stabilization and volume reduction were conducted using spiked soil and ash wastes containing heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Hg. The waste streams were stabilized and solidified using chemically bonded phosphate ceramic (CBPC) binder, and then compacted by either uniaxial or harmonic press for volume reduction. The physical properties of the final waste forms were determined by measuring volume reduction, density, porosity, and compressive strength. The leachability of heavy metals in the final waste forms was determined by a toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test and a 90-day immersion test (ANS 16.1). The structural composition and nature of waste forms were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. CBPC binder and compaction can achieve 80-wt % waste loading and 39-47% reduction in waste volume. Compressive strength of final waste forms ranged from 1500 to 2000 psi. TCLP testing of waste forms showed that all heavy metals except Hg passed the TCLP limits using the phosphate-based binder. When Na[sub2]S was added to the binder, the waste forms also passed TCLP limits for Hg. Long-term leachability resistance of the final waste forms was achieved for all metals in both soil and ash wastes, and the leachability index was ∼ 14. XRD patterns of waste forms indicated vermiculite in the ash waste was chemically incorporated into the CBPC matrix. SEM showed that waste forms are layered when compacted by uniaxial press and are homogeneous when compacted by harmonic press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Waste minimization
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Waste management
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Scanning electron microscopes
N1  - Accession Number: 12147665; Rao, Anand J. 1; Pagilla, Krishna R. 1; Wagh, Arun S. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois; 2 : Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois;  Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 50 Issue 9, p1623; Thesaurus Term: Waste minimization; Thesaurus Term: Heavy metals; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: Scanning electron microscopes; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 9 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, Alvin C. K.
AU  - Thatcher, Tracy L.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W.
T1  - Inhalation Transfer Factors for Air Pollution Health Risk Assessment.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 50
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1688
EP  - 1699
SN  - 10962247
AB  - To facilitate routine health risk assessments, we develop the concept of an inhalation transfer factor (ITF). The ITF is defined as the pollutant mass inhaled by an exposed individual per unit pollutant mass emitted from an air pollution source. A cumulative population inhalation transfer factor (PITF) is also defined to describe the total fraction of an emitted pollutant inhaled by all members of the exposed population. In this paper, ITFs and PITFs are calculated for outdoor releases from area, point, and line sources, indoor releases in single zone and multizone indoor environments, and releases within motor vehicles. Typical PITFs for an urban area from emissions outdoors are ∼ 10[sup-6]-10[sup-3]. PITFs associated with emissions in buildings or in moving vehicles are typically much higher, ∼ 10[sup-3]-10[sup-1]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Buildings
N1  - Accession Number: 12147673; Lai, Alvin C. K. 1; Thatcher, Tracy L. 1; Nazaroff, William W. 1,2; Affiliations: 1 : Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California;  Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 50 Issue 9, p1688; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles; Subject Term: Buildings; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer, David A.
AU  - Kwiat, Paul G.
AU  - Hughes, Richard J.
AU  - Bucksbaum, P. H.
AU  - Ahn, J.
AU  - Weinacht, T. C.
T1  - Does Rydberg State Manipulation Equal Quantum Computation?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2000/09//9/1/2000
VL  - 289
IS  - 5484
M3  - Article
SP  - 1431a
EP  - 1431a
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 96415615; Meyer, David A. 1,2; Email Address: dmeyer@chonji.ucsd.edu; Kwiat, Paul G. 3; Email Address: kwiat@lanl.gov; Hughes, Richard J. 3; Email Address: hughes@lanl.gov; Bucksbaum, P. H. 4; Email Address: phb@umich.edu; Ahn, J. 4; Weinacht, T. C. 4; Source Information: 9/1/2000, Vol. 289 Issue 5484, p1431a; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1126/science.289.5484.1431a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berman, Sam
T1  - The Coming Revolution in Lighting Practice.
JO  - Energy User News
JF  - Energy User News
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 25
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 26
PB  - BNP Media
SN  - 01629131
AB  - Focuses on studies sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy to demonstrate the role of rods in vision in typical lighting conditions of the workplace, as of January 1, 2000.  Use of technology in the study by scientists Sam Berman and Don Jewett to demonstrate the active role of rods in vision at typical interior light levels; Factor in the visual performance under workplace lighting conditions; Illustration on how ambient lighting applications depend on the scotopic/photopic value.  INSET: The Intel Experience.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - VISION
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7717614; Berman, Sam 1; Affiliations: 1: Senior scientist emeritus, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL); Issue Info: Oct2000, Vol. 25 Issue 10, p25; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: VISION; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3103
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kesheng Wu
AU  - Simon, Horst
T1  - THICK-RESTART LANCZOS METHOD FOR LARGE SYMMETRIC EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 602
EP  - 616
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - In this paper, we propose a restarted variant of the Lanczos method for symmetric eigenvalue problems named the thick-restart Lanczos method. This new variant is able to retain an arbitrary number of Ritz vectors from the previous iterations with a minimal restarting cost. Since it restarts with Ritz vectors, it is simpler than similar methods, such as the implicitly restarted Lanczos method. We carefully examine the effects of the floating-point round-off errors on stability of the new algorithm and present an implementation of the partial reorthogonalization scheme that guarantees accurate Ritz values with a minimal amount of reorthogonalization. We also show a number of heuristics on deciding which Ritz pairs to save during restart in order to maximize the overall performance of the thick-restart Lanczos method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - SYMMETRIC matrices
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - lanczos eigenvalue method
KW  - partial reorthogonalization
KW  - thick-restart
N1  - Accession Number: 13214268; Kesheng Wu 1; Email Address: kwu@lbl.gov; Simon, Horst 1; Email Address: hdsimon@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory/NERSC, Berkeley, CA; Issue Info: 2000, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p602; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: SYMMETRIC matrices; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: lanczos eigenvalue method; Author-Supplied Keyword: partial reorthogonalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: thick-restart; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, S. M.
AU  - Greeley, M. S.
T1  - Ecotoxicological Indicators of Water Quality: Using Multi-response Indicators to Assess the Health of Aquatic Ecosystems.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 123
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 115
SN  - 00496979
AB  - As sensitive and ecologically relevant measures of environmental conditions, bioindicators can be used to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems which may be compromised by a variety of environmental stressors such as contaminants, sediments, nutrients, and varying temperature, salinity, and hydrologic regimes. The bioindicators approach is a proven bioassessment method that uses responses of key (sentinel) aquatic organisms both as integrators of stress effects and as sensitive response (early-warning) indicators of environmental health. This integrated approach involves measuring a suite of selected biological and ecological responses at several levels of biological organization from the biomolecular and biochemical to the community levels. When properly designed and applied in field situations, bioindicator studies can help identify causal mechanisms between environmental stressors and population and community-level effects, and serve as a basis for which the effectiveness of remedial actions on the health of aquatic organisms can be evaluated. Rapidly-responding sensitive biomarkers, such as biomolecular and biochemical responses, and slower-response ecologically relevant bioindicators, such as population and community responses, can be included in field bioassessment programs to provide measurement endpoints for use in environmental compliance, regulatory decision-making, and ecological risk assessments. This bioindicators approach should be particularly relevant in helping to identify and diagnose sources of stressors in environments impacted by multiple stressors. To demonstrate use of bioindicators in addressing water quality issues, spatial and temporal patters in various biological responses are related to spatial and temporal patterns of contaminants in two aquatic systems compromised by different stressors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Environmental quality
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Aquatic resources
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - bioindicators
KW  - ecosystem health
KW  - multiple stressors
KW  - water quality
N1  - Accession Number: 16604291; Adams, S. M. 1; Greeley, M. S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Oct2000, Vol. 123 Issue 1-4, p103; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Environmental quality; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic resources; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioindicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem health; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple stressors; Author-Supplied Keyword: water quality; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daniels, J. I.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
AU  - Hall, L. C.
T1  - Analysis of Uncertainty and Variability in Exposure to Characterize Risk: Case Study Involving Trichloroethylene Groundwater Contamination at Beale Air Force Base in California.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 123
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 298
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Quantitative assessments of potential human-health consequences from contaminants in environmental media routinely involve conservative deterministic, screening-level calculations of exposure and risk. Because these calculations generally are based on multiple upper-bound point estimates of input parameters, particularly for exposure attributes, they can yield results for decision makers that actually overstate the need for costly remediation. Alternatively, quantifying uncertainty and variability in exposure can provide a more informative and quantitative characterization of health risk. To illustrate, uncertainty and variability in exposure were analyzed for a hypothetical population at a specific site in California where there is trichloroethylene (TCE) contaminated ground water and a potential for its residential use. When uncertainty and variability in exposure were addressed jointly, the 95th-percentile upper-bound value of individual excess lifetime cancer risk was a factor approaching 10 lower than the most conservative deterministic estimate. Also, the probability of more than zero additional cases of cancer can be estimated, and in this case study it is less than 0.5 for a prospective residential population of up to 26,900 individuals present for any 7.6-y interval of a 70-y time period. Clearly, this probabilistic approach can provide reasonable and equitable risk-acceptability criteria for contaminated sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - exposure
KW  - ground water
KW  - joint uncertainty and variability
KW  - probability
KW  - risk
KW  - trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 16604279; Daniels, J. I. 1; Bogen, K. T. 1; Hall, L. C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Health & Ecological Assessment Division, Earth & Environmental Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, L-396, Livermore, CA 94551-0808;  Source Info: Oct2000, Vol. 123 Issue 1-4, p273; Thesaurus Term: Trichloroethylene; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: ground water; Author-Supplied Keyword: joint uncertainty and variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: trichloroethylene; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watson, C. A.
AU  - Chang-Liu, C.-M.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
T1  - Modulation of calmodulin by UV and X-rays in primary human endothelial cell cultures.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2000/11//
VL  - 76
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1455
EP  - 1461
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: Previous studies by the present authors and others have shown that the expression of many genes is modulated by radiation. The purpose of this study is to identify additional genes that are affected by UV and X-radiation. Identification of specific genes affected by radiation may allow the determination of pathways important in radiation responses as well as an examination of transcriptional elements that are involved in the process. Materials and methods: A modified differential display approach coupled with sequencing was used to identify genes that are modulated in response to UV and ionizing radiation, and Northern blot analysis was used to confirm specific gene modulation. Results: Treatment of human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells with UV radiation resulted in the differential expression of several genes. Sequencing of the bands revealed that one of these was calmodulin. There was a 30% reduction in accumulation of calmodulin-specific mRNA 1h post UV exposure, and a 50% decrease 3h after treatment. X-rays also repressed accumulation of calmodium mRNA. Radiation exposure of HeLa cells also resulted in a decrease in expression of this gene. Conclusions: UV and ionizing radiations cause a decrease in accumulation of calmodulin transcripts in the first 1-3 h following exposure. Repression of calmodium mRNA levels may be one mechanism of stress-induced intracellular Ca[sup 2+] modulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALMODULIN
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - X-rays
KW  - HUMAN cell culture
N1  - Accession Number: 3862983; Watson, C. A. 1; Chang-Liu, C.-M. 2; Woloschak, G. E. 2; Source Information: Nov2000, Vol. 76 Issue 11, p1455; Subject: CALMODULIN; Subject: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject: X-rays; Subject: HUMAN cell culture; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000050176216
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, Satish
T1  - Measurement and Verification of Energy Savings.
JO  - Energy User News
JF  - Energy User News
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 25
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 25
PB  - BNP Media
SN  - 01629131
AB  - Focuses on the measurement and verification of energy savings.  Details of the energy savings plan made by energy industries; Evaluation of an energy conservation measure.
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ENERGY management
N1  - Accession Number: 7719437; Kumar, Satish 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2: Technical lead in developing and expanding, IPMVP; Issue Info: Dec2000, Vol. 25 Issue 12, p24; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY conservation; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY industries; Thesaurus Term: POWER resources; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1907
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhaduri, Budhendra
AU  - Harbor, Jon
AU  - Engel, Bernie
AU  - Grove, Matt
T1  - Assessing Watershed-Scale, Long-Term Hydrologic Impacts of Land-Use Change Using a GIS-NPS Model.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
EP  - 658
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Land-use change, dominated by an increase in urban/impervious areas, has a significant impact on water resources. This includes impacts on nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, which is the leading cause of degraded water quality in the United States. Traditional hydrologic models focus on estimating peak discharges and NPS pollution from high-magnitude, episodic storms and successfully address short-term, local-scale surface water management issues. However, runoff from small, low-frequency storms dominates long-term hydrologic impacts, and existing hydrologic models are usually of limited use in assessing the long-term impacts of land-use change. A long-term hydrologic impact assessment (L-THIA) model has been developed using the curve number (CN) method. Long-term climatic records are used in combination with soils and land-use information to calculate average annual runoff and NPS pollution at a watershed scale. The model is linked to a geographic information system (GIS) for convenient generation and management of model input and output data, and advanced visualization of model results. The L-THIA/NPS GIS model was applied to the Little Eagle Creek (LEC) watershed near Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Historical land-use scenarios for 1973, 1984, and 1991 were analyzed to track land-use change in the watershed and to assess impacts on annual average runoff and NPS pollution from the watershed and its five subbasins. For the entire watershed between 1973 and 1991, an 18% increase in urban or impervious areas resulted in an estimated 80% increase in annual average runoff volume and estimated increases of more than 50% in annual average loads for lead, copper, and zinc. Estimated nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) loads decreased by 15% mainly because of loss of agricultural areas. The L-THIA/NPS GIS model is a powerful tool for identifying environmentally sensitive areas in terms of NPS pollution potential and for evaluating alternative land use scenarios for NPS pollution management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Land use
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Water quality -- United States
KW  - United States
KW  - Geographic information system
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Hydrology; Geographic information system; Nonpoint source pollution; Modeling; Water resources; Watershed
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Nonpoint source pollution
KW  - Water resources
KW  - Watershed
N1  - Accession Number: 15311078; Bhaduri, Budhendra 1; Harbor, Jon 2; Engel, Bernie 3; Grove, Matt 2; Affiliations: 1 : GIS Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS 6237, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6237, USA; 2 : Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1397, USA; 3 : Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA;  Source Info: Dec2000, Vol. 26 Issue 6, p643; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Runoff; Subject Term: Water quality -- United States; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geographic information system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrology; Geographic information system; Nonpoint source pollution; Modeling; Water resources; Watershed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonpoint source pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Watershed; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002670010122
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rogers, Alistair
AU  - Humphries, Steven W.
T1  - A mechanistic evaluation of photosynthetic acclimation at elevated CO2.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 6
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1011
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryPlants grown at elevated pCO2 often fail to sustain the initial stimulation of net CO2 uptake rate (A). This reduced, acclimated, stimulation of A often occurs concomitantly with a reduction in the maximum carboxylation velocity (Vc,max) of Rubisco. To investigate this relationship we used the Farquhar model of C3 photosynthesis to predict the minimum Vc,max capable of supporting the acclimated stimulation in A observed at elevated pCO2. For a wide range of species grown at elevated pCO2 under contrasting conditions we found a strong correlation between observed and predicted values of Vc,max. This exercise mechanistically and quantitatively demonstrated that the observed acclimated stimulation of A and the simultaneous decrease in Vc,max observed at elevated pCO2 is mechanistically consistent. With the exception of plants grown at a high elevated pCO2 (> 90 Pa), which show evidence of an excess investment in Rubisco, the failure to maintain the initial stimulation of A is almost entirely attributable to the decrease in Vc,max and investment in Rubisco is coupled to requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acclimatization
KW  - Carbon dioxide -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - acclimation
KW  - C3 photosynthesis
KW  - elevated carbon dioxide
KW  - modelling
KW  - Rubisco
N1  - Accession Number: 5471350; Rogers, Alistair 1; Humphries, Steven W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Environmental Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA;  Source Info: Dec2000, Vol. 6 Issue 8, p1005; Thesaurus Term: Acclimatization; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: acclimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C3 photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00375.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, W.
AU  - Morrison, D. P.
AU  - Gale, K. L.
AU  - Lucas, J. N.
T1  - A comparative study on potential cytogenetic fingerprints for radiation LET in human lymphocytes.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 76
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1589
EP  - 1598
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To carry out a comparative study on potential cytogenetic fingerprints for radiation LET in human metaphase lymphocytes. Materials and methods: Human lymphocytes were irradiated in vitro with 3.0Gy [sup 60]Co γ-rays, 0.9 Gy [sup 3]H β-rays or 0.2 Gy 2.7Mev neutrons. Detailed chromosome aberrations were analysed by combined FISH with pan-telomere staining and specific wholechromosome painting (1, 2 and 4). Total chromosome translocations and insertions were also analysed by multicolour wholechromosome painting (chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 orange, chromosomes 3, 5 and 6 green). Results: Among the six proposed radiation cytogenetic fingerprints, the ratio of total simple translocations to insertions (I-ratio), showed the largest difference between low-LET 60Co γ-ray and high-LET neutron radiation. The ratios of complete exchanges to incomplete rejoinings [S(I)-ratio] and dicentrics to interstitial deletions (H-ratio), showed a similar significant difference between low- and high-LET radiation. The ratios of centric rings to interstitial deletion (G-ratio) showed a trend of LETrelated difference, but the difference was not significant in this data set. The ratios of dicentrics to centric rings (F-ratio) and apparent complete exchanges to hidden complete exchanges [S(II)-ratio], showed no difference between low- and high-LET radiation. In the 1426 radiation-induced chromosome aberrations observed after 52h culture, evidence for sister-chromatid fusion but not telomere addition was found. Conclusion: Pan-telomere staining plus specific whole chromosome painting allows simultaneous and objective detection of complete or incomplete chromosome exchanges and interstitial or terminal deletions in human peripheral lymphocytes. Of the six proposed cytogenetic ratios, the I-ratio is the most effective cytogenetic fingerprint for distinguishing low-LET from high-LET radiation in human metaphase human lymphocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMAN cytogenetics
KW  - LINEAR energy transfer
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
N1  - Accession Number: 4041452; Deng, W. 1; Morrison, D. P. 2; Gale, K. L. 2; Lucas, J. N. 3; Source Information: Dec2000, Vol. 76 Issue 12, p1589; Subject: HUMAN cytogenetics; Subject: LINEAR energy transfer; Subject: LYMPHOCYTES; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 16 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000050201073
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=4041452&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Lewis, T. A.
T1  - A two-dimensional beam profile monitor based on residual gas ionization.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1969
EP  - 1973
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A two-dimensional beam profile monitor based on tracking the ionization of the residual gas molecules in the evacuated beam pipe is described. Tracking in position and time of the ions and electrons produced in the ionization enables simultaneous position sampling in three dimensions. Special features which make it possible to sample very low beam currents were employed [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION of gases
KW  - IONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - GASES
KW  - evacuated beam pipe
KW  - ionisation
KW  - particle beam diagnostics
KW  - residual gas ionization
KW  - residual gas molecules
KW  - simultaneous position sampling
KW  - two-dimensional beam profile monitor
KW  - very low beam currents
N1  - Accession Number: 52173397; Shapira, D. 1; Lewis, T. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Physics Division, Instrumentation and Control Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 3783 1, USA; 2: Instrumentation and Control Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 3783 1, USA; Issue Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p1969; Subject Term: IONIZATION of gases; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: GASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: evacuated beam pipe; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle beam diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: residual gas ionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: residual gas molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: simultaneous position sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional beam profile monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: very low beam currents; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903830
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=52173397&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Lewis, T. A
T1  - Position of ion impact determined via detection of secondary electrons.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1974
EP  - 1978
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The factors affecting the performance of a Position Sensitive Timing Detector (PSTD), which is based on detecting secondary electrons rejected from a foil by the passing ion in a position sensitive detection device, were investigated. We studied effects of multiple scattering in the foil, electron transport from the foil to the micro-channel plate (MCP) detector surface, and signal processing hardware. We conclude that, for detectors with foil-to-MCP distance of 5-10 cm, which use only electrostatic acceleration, electron transport limits the devices currently in use to resolution worse than 2 mm (FWHM) [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - SECONDARY electron emission
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - POSITION sensitive particle detectors
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - electron transport
KW  - electrostatic acceleration
KW  - ion impact
KW  - micro-channel plate detector surface
KW  - multiple scattering
KW  - nuclear electronics
KW  - passing ion
KW  - position sensitive detection device
KW  - position sensitive particle detectors
KW  - Position Sensitive Timing Detector
KW  - proportional counters
KW  - secondary electron emission
KW  - secondary electrons detection
KW  - signal processing
KW  - signal processing hardware
N1  - Accession Number: 52173398; Shapira, D. 1; Lewis, T. A 2; Affiliations: 1: LPhysics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; 2: 1nstrumentation and Controls Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Issue Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p1974; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: SECONDARY electron emission; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: POSITION sensitive particle detectors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrostatic acceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: micro-channel plate detector surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: passing ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive detection device; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position Sensitive Timing Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: proportional counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: secondary electron emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: secondary electrons detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal processing hardware; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903831
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=52173398&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - David, G.
AU  - Kistenev, E.
AU  - White, S.
AU  - Woody, C.
AU  - Bazilevsky, A.
AU  - Belikov, S.
AU  - Kochetkov, V.
AU  - Onuchin, V.
AU  - Usachev, A.
T1  - Pattern recognition in the PHENIX PbSc electromagnetic calorimeter.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1982
EP  - 1986
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The pattern recognition algorithm for the PHENIX PbSc electromagnetic calorimeters are presented. The algorithm is based upon energy and impact angle dependent description of the electromagnetic shower shape as measured in the test beam and reproduced in GEANT simulation. The efficiency of the pattern recognition for identification of single and multiple showers is studied and discussed [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATTERN perception
KW  - LEAD
KW  - SCANDIUM
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - electromagnetic shower shape
KW  - energy dependent description
KW  - GEANT simulation
KW  - high energy physics instrumentation computing
KW  - impact angle dependent description
KW  - lead alloys
KW  - multiple showers
KW  - particle calorimetry
KW  - pattern recognition
KW  - PbSc
KW  - PHENIX PbSc electromagnetic calorimeter
KW  - scandium alloys
KW  - single showers
KW  - solid scintillation detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 52173400; David, G. 1; Kistenev, E. 1; White, S. 1; Woody, C. 1; Bazilevsky, A. 2; Belikov, S. 2; Kochetkov, V. 2; Onuchin, V. 2; Usachev, A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; 2: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia; Issue Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p1982; Subject Term: PATTERN perception; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: SCANDIUM; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic shower shape; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy dependent description; Author-Supplied Keyword: GEANT simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: high energy physics instrumentation computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: impact angle dependent description; Author-Supplied Keyword: lead alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple showers; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: PbSc; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHENIX PbSc electromagnetic calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: scandium alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: single showers; Author-Supplied Keyword: solid scintillation detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903833
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=52173400&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cancelo, Gustavo I. E.
AU  - Zimmermann, Sergio
T1  - Modeling and simulation of a readout architecture for pixel detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2007
EP  - 2013
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper analyzes in detail some theoretical aspects in the modeling of a proposed readout architecture for pixel detectors. The readout architecture is designed for a chip containing about 3000 pixels of 50 μm×400 μm. The main objective is to get the maximum pixel hit readout with the minimum probability of hit loss. The readout architecture is modeled as a Markov stochastic process. The pixel front-end and readout are simulated and tested with Monte Carlo data. The simulations allow to optimize the communication channel bandwidths and local buffering. The probability of system overflow of the simulated system is compared with the one obtained by modeling [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PIXELS
KW  - communication channel bandwidths
KW  - hit loss
KW  - local buffering
KW  - Markov processes
KW  - Markov stochastic process
KW  - maximum pixel hit readout
KW  - Monte Carlo data
KW  - nuclear electronics
KW  - pixel detectors
KW  - pixel front-end
KW  - readout architecture
KW  - readout electronics
KW  - Si
KW  - silicon radiation detectors
KW  - system overflow
N1  - Accession Number: 52173404; Cancelo, Gustavo I. E. 1; Zimmermann, Sergio 2; Affiliations: 1: Univ. of La PlatdFermilab; 2: Fermilab; Issue Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p2007; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PIXELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: communication channel bandwidths; Author-Supplied Keyword: hit loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: local buffering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov stochastic process; Author-Supplied Keyword: maximum pixel hit readout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo data; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: pixel detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: pixel front-end; Author-Supplied Keyword: readout architecture; Author-Supplied Keyword: readout electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon radiation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: system overflow; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903837
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=52173404&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hansen, R. R.
AU  - Reeder, P. L.
AU  - Peurrung, A. J.
AU  - Stromswold, D. C.
T1  - Neutron-gamma discrimination in plastic scintillators.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2024
EP  - 2028
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Direct detection of fast neutrons prior to moderation offers increased performance at lower cost for future neutron detection technologies. Neutron detection by proton recoil in plastic scintillators could provide this capability if efficient techniques for discrimination against gamma events were available. We describe two possible approaches to neutron/gamma discrimination; one based on digital pulse processing to differentiate pulse types and the other based on low density scintillators to lengthen the time interval between multiple interactions [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - digital pulse processing
KW  - gamma-ray detection
KW  - low density scintillators
KW  - neutron detection
KW  - neutron-gamma discrimination
KW  - plastic scintillators
KW  - signal processing
KW  - solid scintillation detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 52173407; Hansen, R. R. 1; Reeder, P. L. 1; Peurrung, A. J. 1; Stromswold, D. C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352; Issue Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p2024; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: digital pulse processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-ray detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: low density scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron-gamma discrimination; Author-Supplied Keyword: plastic scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: solid scintillation detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903840
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=52173407&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hong, W. S.
AU  - Cho, H. S.
AU  - Retiere, F.
AU  - Han, S.
AU  - Kadyk, J.
AU  - Perez-Mendez, V.
T1  - Performance of a gas avalanche pixel detector of 50 μm pitch.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2065
EP  - 2069
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We describe the performance of a square microdot (MDOT) detector of 50 μm pitch, in terms of defocusing effect and gas gain. Both the count rate variation measurement and the computer simulation showed that the defocusing effect disappeared in the 50 μm pitch MDOT. Initial charge buildup on the detector surface was also minimized when the small lateral dimension was combined with surface coating. The maximum gas gain was limited to ~1200 due to the small distance available for avalanche multiplication. We also developed a two-level microdot, namely closed-end gas electron multiplication (CEGEM) chamber. A CEGEM detector having a pitch of 200 μm, holes of 40 μm width and a spacer layer of 18.5 μm thickness showed a maximum gain of ~400. This gain is expected to increase by increasing the spacer layer thickness and adjusting the hole size [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - 50 mum
KW  - avalanche multiplication
KW  - closed-end gas electron multiplication chamber
KW  - computer simulation
KW  - count rate variation measurement
KW  - defocusing effect
KW  - gas avalanche pixel detector
KW  - gas gain
KW  - initial charge buildup
KW  - position sensitive particle detectors
KW  - proportional counters
KW  - square microdot detector
KW  - surface coating
KW  - two-level microdot
N1  - Accession Number: 52173415; Hong, W. S. 1; Cho, H. S. 2; Retiere, F. 3; Han, S. 4; Kadyk, J. 5; Perez-Mendez, V. 5; Affiliations: 1: Engineering Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; 2: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; 3: Subatech, France; 4: Kyungbook University, Taegu, Korea; 5: Physics Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Issue Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p2065; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: 50 mum; Author-Supplied Keyword: avalanche multiplication; Author-Supplied Keyword: closed-end gas electron multiplication chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: count rate variation measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: defocusing effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas avalanche pixel detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: initial charge buildup; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: proportional counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: square microdot detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-level microdot; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903848
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=52173415&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pandey, S. U.
AU  - Bellwied, R.
AU  - Beuttenmueller, R.
AU  - Caines, H.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - DiMassimo, D.
AU  - Dyke, H.
AU  - Elliot, D.
AU  - Grau, M.
AU  - Hoffmann, G. W.
AU  - Humanic, T. J.
AU  - Jensen, P.
AU  - Kotov, I. V.
AU  - Kraner, H. W.
AU  - Kuczewski, P.
AU  - Leonhardt, W.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Liaw, C. J.
AU  - Lo Curto, G.
AU  - Lynn, D.
T1  - The 15 layer silicon drift detector tracker in Experiment 896.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2114
EP  - 2118
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Large linear silicon drift detectors have been developed and are in production for use in several experiments. Recently 15 detectors were used as a tracking device in BNL-AGS heavy ion experiment (E896). The detectors were successfully operated in a 6.2 T magnetic field. The behavior of the detectors, such as drift uniformity, resolution, and charge collection efficiency are presented. The effect of the environment on the detector performance is discussed. Some results from the experimental run are presented. The detectors performed well in an experimental environmental. This is the first tracking application of these detectors [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRIFT chambers
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - 6.2 T
KW  - BNL-AGS heavy ion experiment
KW  - charge collection efficiency
KW  - drift uniformity
KW  - Experiment 896
KW  - position sensitive particle detectors
KW  - resolution
KW  - Si
KW  - silicon drift detector tracker
KW  - silicon radiation detectors
KW  - tracking device
N1  - Accession Number: 52173424; Pandey, S. U. 1; Bellwied, R. 1; Beuttenmueller, R. 2; Caines, H. 3; Chen, W. 2; DiMassimo, D. 2; Dyke, H.; Elliot, D. 2; Grau, M. 2; Hoffmann, G. W. 4; Humanic, T. J. 3; Jensen, P. 4; Kotov, I. V. 3,5; Kraner, H. W. 2; Kuczewski, P. 2; Leonhardt, W. 2; Li, Z. 2; Liaw, C. J. 2; Lo Curto, G. 3; Lynn, D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 3: The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; 4: University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; 5: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia 142284; Issue Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p2114; Subject Term: DRIFT chambers; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: 6.2 T; Author-Supplied Keyword: BNL-AGS heavy ion experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge collection efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: drift uniformity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experiment 896; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon drift detector tracker; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon radiation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: tracking device; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903857
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=52173424&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Xu, Anwu1
AU  - Wang, Changsui1
AU  - Chi, Jinqi1
AU  - Li, Mingchuan1
AU  - Zhang, Maosen1
AU  - Holmes, L2
AU  - Harbottle, G2
AU  - Koshimizu, S3
AU  - Manabu, K3
AU  - Koichi, K3
T1  - Preliminary Provenance Research on Chinese Neolithic Pottery: Huating (Xinyi County) and Three Yellow River Valley Sites.
JO  - Archaeometry
JF  - Archaeometry
J1  - Archaeometry
PY  - 2001/01//
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
CP  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 47
SN  - 0003813X
AB  - Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied to sherds from the important site of Huating and, for comparison, several Neolithic sites in the valley of the Yellow River. We hoped to compare the compositions of two stylistically different ceramics found at Huating, and to evaluate the degree of compositional clustering and inter-site resolution that could be expected in an area that is noted for its extensive, and possibly very homogeneous, loess deposits. In addition, pottery sherds from Huating have been examined by microscopic petrography. All of these results will provide needed input in the planning of research towards the formation of a Neolithic/Shang Dynasty ceramic database for future use in archaeological research in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
KW  - Pottery
KW  - Neolithic period
KW  - Yellow River (China)
KW  - China
KW  - China
KW  - Chinese pottery
KW  - Dawenkou Culture
KW  - INAA
KW  - Liangzhu Culture
KW  - multivariate statistical analysis
KW  - Neolithic sites
KW  - petrography
N1  - Accession Number: 10445473; Authors: Xu, Anwu 1; Wang, Changsui 1; Chi, Jinqi 1; Li, Mingchuan 1; Zhang, Maosen 1; Holmes, L 2; Harbottle, G 2; Koshimizu, S 3; Manabu, K 3; Koichi, K 3; Affiliations:  1: University of Science and Technology of China, China,;  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA,;  3: Yamanashi Institute of Environmental Sciences, Japan; Subject: Pottery; Subject: Neolithic period; Subject: Yellow River (China); Subject: China; Author-Supplied Keyword: China; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chinese pottery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dawenkou Culture; Author-Supplied Keyword: INAA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liangzhu Culture; Author-Supplied Keyword: multivariate statistical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neolithic sites; Author-Supplied Keyword: petrography; Number of Pages: 13p; Record Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1475-4754.00003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asu&AN=10445473&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinton, Jonathan E.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Accuracy and Reliability of China's Energy Statistics
JO  - China Economic Review
JF  - China Economic Review
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
SP  - 373
EP  - 383
SN  - 1043951X
N1  - Accession Number: 0596621; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: China; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200203
N2  - Many observers have raised doubts about the accuracy and reliability of China's energy statistics, which show an unprecedented decline in recent years, while reported economic growth has remained strong. This paper explores the internal consistency of China's energy statistics from 1990 to 2000, coverage and reporting issues, and the state of the statistical reporting system. Available information suggests that while energy statistics were probably relatively good in the early 1990s, their quality has declined since the mid-1990s. China's energy statistics should be treated as a starting point for analysis, and explicit judgments regarding ranges of uncertainty should accompany any conclusions.
KW  - Energy: General          Q40
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Factor and Product Markets; Industry Studies; Population          P23
KW  - General Aggregative Models: General          E10
KW  - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data; Data Access          C82
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/1043951X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0596621&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/1043951X
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hartley III, Dean S.
T1  - BATTLE MODELING.
JO  - Encyclopedia of Operations Research & Management Science
JF  - Encyclopedia of Operations Research & Management Science
Y1  - 2001/01//
M3  - Reference Entry
SP  - 53
EP  - 57
SN  - 9780792378273
AB  - The article presents an encyclopedia entry for battle modeling. Several factors prevent the existence of an ideal battle model, including computational complexity. Models of combat may be classified by their position along several dimensions, such as the type of conflict and military assets and mission areas. The term is cross-referenced to game theory, as used in operations research and management science.
KW  - GAME theory
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - MANAGEMENT science
KW  - MODELS & modelmaking
KW  - BATTLES
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
KW  - SOCIAL conflict
KW  - MILITARY missions
N1  - Accession Number: 21891160; Hartley III, Dean S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Issue Info: 2001, p53; Thesaurus Term: GAME theory; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT science; Subject Term: MODELS & modelmaking; Subject Term: BATTLES; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; Subject Term: SOCIAL conflict; Subject Term: MILITARY missions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Reference Entry
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Terlaky, Tamás
AU  - Boggs, Paul t.
T1  - INTERIOR-POINT METHODS.
JO  - Encyclopedia of Operations Research & Management Science
JF  - Encyclopedia of Operations Research & Management Science
Y1  - 2001/01//
M3  - Reference Entry
SP  - 402
EP  - 411
SN  - 9780792378273
AB  - A definition of the term "interior-point methods" is presented. The interior-point methods seek to approach the optimal solution through a sequence of points that are always strictly feasible. Such methods have been known for a long time, but they were not considered to be effective for solving linear programming problems.
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - DEFINITIONS
KW  - INTERIOR-point methods
N1  - Accession Number: 21891501; Terlaky, Tamás 1; Boggs, Paul t. 2; Affiliations: 1: McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California; Issue Info: 2001, p402; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: LINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: DEFINITIONS; Subject Term: INTERIOR-point methods; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Reference Entry
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hartley III, Dean S.
T1  - MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR.
JO  - Encyclopedia of Operations Research & Management Science
JF  - Encyclopedia of Operations Research & Management Science
Y1  - 2001/01//
M3  - Reference Entry
SP  - 508
EP  - 513
SN  - 9780792378273
AB  - The article provides information on military operations other than war. The definition of operations other than war (OOTW) is presented. It discusses the nature of the OOTW analysis tools. The tools that are essential to the analysis of OOTW include real-time indicators and warnings tool, impact simulation and resource simulation.
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - MANAGEMENT science
KW  - DECISION theory
KW  - MILITARY operations other than war
N1  - Accession Number: 21891611; Hartley III, Dean S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Issue Info: 2001, p508; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS theory; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT science; Thesaurus Term: DECISION theory; Subject Term: MILITARY operations other than war; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Reference Entry
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=21891611&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Rubinstein, Reuven Y.
AU  - Shapiro, Alexander
AU  - Uryasev, Stanislav
T1  - SCORE FUNCTIONS.
JO  - Encyclopedia of Operations Research & Management Science
JF  - Encyclopedia of Operations Research & Management Science
Y1  - 2001/01//
M3  - Reference Entry
SP  - 739
EP  - 742
SN  - 9780792378273
AB  - This entry provides information on designing and analyzing a discrete-event systems (DES), which are studied through stochastic simulation. The infinitesimal perturbation analysis and the score function are the methods used for sensitivity analysis and optimization of a DES. Mathematical representation of the estimation and sensitivity analysis of DES is presented.
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - SYSTEM analysis
KW  - DISCRETE-time systems
KW  - STOCHASTIC systems
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - SENSITIVITY theory (Mathematics)
KW  - DIGITAL control systems
N1  - Accession Number: 21891864; Rubinstein, Reuven Y.; Shapiro, Alexander 1; Uryasev, Stanislav 2; Affiliations: 1: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Issue Info: 2001, p739; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEM analysis; Subject Term: DISCRETE-time systems; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC systems; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: SENSITIVITY theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: DIGITAL control systems; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Reference Entry
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schipper, Lee
AU  - Murtishaw, Scott
AU  - Unander, Fridtjof
AD  - International Energy Agency, Paris
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - International Energy Agency, Paris
T1  - International Comparisons of Sectoral Carbon Dioxide Emissions Using a Cross-Country Decomposition Technique
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 2001///
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
SP  - 35
EP  - 75
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0575100; Keywords: Emissions; Geographic Descriptors: Selected OECD; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200108
N2  - Discerning which sources contribute most to differences in per capita carbon emissions and why presents a daunting task for analysts, since several underlying factors affect emissions from hundreds of end-uses. This paper provides details of an international comparison methodology and carries out the comparison on a number of International Energy Agency (IEA) member countries. These calculations show where differences in the components of emissions lead to large gaps among countries. The data, from national sources, are the most extensive and disaggregated ever compiled for this kind of international analysis. Overall, activity differences account for the largest part of the gap in per capita emissions among IEA countries. If we normalize emissions to GDP, then transport activity levels, energy intensities, and utility carbon intensity share about equally in explaining the differences in carbon/GDP ratios among countries. Most of the structural variations arise in the freight, services, and household sectors--sectors less sensitive to international competition than manufacturing.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0575100&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STEWART, ARTHUR J.
T1  - A Simple Stream Monitoring Technique Based on Measurements of Semiconservative Propertiesof Water.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 46
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Correlative relationships exist among conductivity, alkalinity, and hardness in streams due to natural geological and climatological controls, but the relationships among these three water-quality factors can be altered strongly by inputs of ion-rich wastewaters. The degree of alteration can be monitored conveniently by use of a simple chemical perturbation index, computed by subtracting the sum of rank pairwise correlations among the conductivity, alkalinity, and hardness (for observations on each of these variables, measured through time) from 3.0. The chemical perturbation index can be used to document or characterize spatiotemporal changes in stream water quality. This study explains the development of the index's concept and provides examples of its application in an extensive stream monitoring program used to assess ecological conditions in streams on the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation in east Tennessee, USA. The chemical perturbation index technique may be particularly useful in community-based stream monitoring programs because to its simplicity and low cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Water quality management
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - Alkalinity
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - Stream water-quality monitoring
KW  - Stream water-quality monitoring; Urban streams; Conductivity; Alkalinity; Hardness
KW  - Urban streams
N1  - Accession Number: 15311089; STEWART, ARTHUR J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA;  Source Info: Jan2001, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p37; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Rivers; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Water quality management; Subject: Tennessee; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkalinity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stream water-quality monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stream water-quality monitoring; Urban streams; Conductivity; Alkalinity; Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urban streams; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002670010132
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=15311089&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Dong, J.;
AU  - Tsouris, C.;
T1  - Phase inversion of liquid-liquid dispersions under applied electric fields
CT  - Phase inversion of liquid-liquid dispersions under applied electric fields
JO  - J. Disper. Sci. Tech.
JF  - J. Disper. Sci. Tech.
Y1  - 2001/01/01/
VL  - 22
IS  - Jan
SP  - 57
EP  - 69
AD  - Chem. Tech. Div., Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224, USA Internet: tsourisc@ornl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 39-03807; Language: English; References: 21; Journal Coden: JDTEDS; Section Heading: Pharmaceutics; Abstract Author: Lisa Webster
N2  - Experimental studies on the effects of applied electric fields on aqueous/organic liquid-liquid dispersions, using toluene/water systems with certain physical properties modified by various additives are presented. Effects of physical properties of liquid-liquid dispersions such as aqueous-phase conductivity, organic-phase viscosity, aqueous-phase pH, and liquid-liquid interfacial surface tension are reported. Variation of these physical properties affected the ambivalence regime differently under the conditions with and without an applied electric field. The effect of electric fields on the drop size distribution was also studied for both organic-phase-dispersed and aqueous-phase-dispersed. The drop size distribution of aqueous drops shifted toward larger size while no significant change in the size of organic drops was observed as the field strength increased. The experimental results are qualitatively interpreted based on the electric polarization mechanism and drop-breakage/coalescence arguments.
KW  - Toluene--dispersions-;
KW  - Water--dispersions-;
KW  - Dispersions--liquids--phase inversion;
KW  - Liquids--dispersions--phase inversion;
KW  - Phase inversion--dispersions--liquids;
KW  - Electricity--dispersions--phase inversion;
KW  - Surface tension--dispersions--liquids;
KW  - Hydrogen ion concentration--dispersions--phase inversion;
KW  - Viscosity--dispersions--phase inversion;
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=39-03807&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley
A2  - Hall, Darwin C.
A2  - Howarth, Richard B.
T1  - Technology and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: An Integrated Scenario Analysis Using the LBNL-NEMS Model
T2  - The long-term economics of climate change: Beyond a doubling of greenhouse gas concentrations
PB  - Advances in the Economics of Environmental Resources, vol. 3.
PB  - Amsterdam; New York and London:
PB  - Elsevier Science, JAI
Y1  - 2001///
SP  - 175
EP  - 219
N1  - Accession Number: 0651189 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-7623-0305-0; Keywords: Emissions;  Gas; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200307
KW  - Energy and the Macroeconomy          Q43
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0651189&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - UNPB
AU  - Camp, Jean
AU  - Tsang, Rose
AD  - Harvard U
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
T1  - Universal Service in a Ubiquitous Digital Network
PB  - Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Working Paper Series
Y1  - 2001///
AV  - Availability Note: Information provided in collaboration with the RePEc Project: http://repec.org
N1  - Accession Number: 1005409; Publication Type: Working Paper; Update Code: 200812
N2  - Before there was the digital divide there was the analog divide--and universal service was the attempt to close that analog divide. Universal service is becoming ever more complex in terms of regulatory design as it becomes the digital divide. In order to evaluate the promise of the next generation Internet with respect to the digital divide this work looks backwards as well as forwards in time. By evaluating why previous universal service mechanisms failed and succeeded this work identifies specific characteristics of communications systems--in particular in billing and managing uncertainty--and argues that these characteristics underlie success or failure in terms of technological ubiquity. Developing a set of characteristics of services rather than a set of services is a fundamental break with the tradition of universal service. In fact, the implications of our proposal is that basic characteristics in the offering of the service rather than the absolute price are critical to close the digital divide: certainty of total charge, ability to avoid deposits or disconnection via best effort service, and payer-based control of all charges. While all of these principles sound obvious in fact none of these hold in the telephony network.
L3  - http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/Research/wpaper.nsf/rwp/RWP01-006/$File/rwp01_006_camp.pdf
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=1005409&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/Research/wpaper.nsf/rwp/RWP01-006/$File/rwp01_006_camp.pdf
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conwell Jr, John L.
AU  - Creek, Kathryn L.
AU  - Pozzi, A. Rene
AU  - Whyte, Helena M.
T1  - Development of a Paperless, Y2K Compliant Exposure Tracking Database at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
JO  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
EP  - 277
SN  - 1047322X
AB  - The Industrial Hygiene and Safety Group at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) developed a database application known as IH DataView, which manages industrial hygiene monitoring data. IH DataView replaces a LANL legacy system, IHSD, that restricted user access to a single point of data entry needed enhancements that support new operational requirements, and was not Year 2000 (Y2K) compliant. IH DataView features a comprehensive suite of data collection and tracking capabilities. Through the use of Oracle database management and application development tools, the system is Y2K compliant and Web enabled for easy deployment and user access via the Internet. System accessibility is particularly important because LANL operations are spread over 43 square miles, and industrial hygienists (IHs) located across the laboratory will use the system. IH DataView shows promise of being useful in the future because it eliminates these problems. It has a flexible architecture and sophisticated capability to collect, track, and analyze data in easy-to-use form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - INDUSTRIAL hygienists
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - MONITORING
KW  - ORACLE
N1  - Accession Number: 4230166; Conwell Jr, John L. 1; Creek, Kathryn L. 2; Pozzi, A. Rene 2; Whyte, Helena M. 2; Source Information: Feb2001, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p271; Subject: DATABASES; Subject: INDUSTRIAL hygienists; Geographic Terms: NEW Mexico; UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: MONITORING; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORACLE; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/104732201460442
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=4230166&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, M. E.
AU  - Rose, K. A.
AU  - Levine, D. A.
AU  - Hargrove, W. W.
T1  - PREDICTING CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS ON APPALACHIAN TROUT: COMBINING GIS AND INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODELING.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 178
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study on the effect of climate change on southern Appalachian stream populations such as book and rainbow trout which are tracked for 30 years using a geographic information system database. The abundances of trout are found to increase due to the increased in temperature while the complexity of the changes in the abundances of trout in zones are associated with temperature and stream flow.
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Rainbow trout -- Reproduction
KW  - Brook trout -- Reproduction
KW  - Rivers -- Environmental conditions
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - brook and rainbow trout
KW  - geographic information system (GIS)
KW  - global climate change
KW  - individual-based model
KW  - Oncorhynchus mykiss
KW  - Salvelinus fontinalis
KW  - southern Appalachian streams
KW  - temperature and flow gradients
KW  - watershed elevation zones
N1  - Accession Number: 112065207; Clark, M. E. 1; Rose, K. A. 2; Levine, D. A. 3; Hargrove, W. W. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Animal Ecology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3221 USA; 2 : Coastal Fisheries Institute and Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7503 USA; 3 : Computational Physics and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6274 USA;  Source Info: Feb2001, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p161; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Rainbow trout -- Reproduction; Subject Term: Brook trout -- Reproduction; Subject Term: Rivers -- Environmental conditions; Subject Term: Geographic information systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: brook and rainbow trout; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographic information system (GIS); Author-Supplied Keyword: global climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: individual-based model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oncorhynchus mykiss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salvelinus fontinalis; Author-Supplied Keyword: southern Appalachian streams; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature and flow gradients; Author-Supplied Keyword: watershed elevation zones; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0161:PCCEOA]2.0.CO;2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=112065207&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Yiqi
AU  - Medlyn, Belinda
AU  - Hui, Dafeng
AU  - Ellsworth, David
AU  - Reynolds, James
AU  - Katul, Gabriel
T1  - GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN DUKE FOREST: MODELING SYNTHESIS OF CO2 EXPERIMENT AND EDDY-FLUX DATA.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 252
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study on the ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP) of Duke Forest in North Carolina using a canopy model that consists of physiological measurements such as leaf area index, leaf nitrogen concentration and stomatal conductance. Canopy photosynthesis during drought period are found to be controlled by soil moisture and air vapor pressure.
KW  - Forest canopies
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Forests & forestry -- North Carolina
KW  - Photosynthesis -- Physiological aspects
KW  - Leaf area index
KW  - canopy
KW  - carbon sink or sequestration
KW  - Duke Forest, North Carolina (USA)
KW  - forest
KW  - global change
KW  - gross primary productivity (GPP)
KW  - loblolly pine
KW  - model
KW  - modeling
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - Pinus taeda
KW  - stomatal conductance
N1  - Accession Number: 112065206; Luo, Yiqi 1; Medlyn, Belinda 2; Hui, Dafeng 1; Ellsworth, David 3; Reynolds, James 4; Katul, Gabriel 5; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 USA; 2 : Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Pierroton, Station de Recherches Forestières, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie et Nutrition, BP45, 33611 Gazinet Cedex, France; 3 : Environmental Biology and Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000 USA; 4 : Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USA; 5 : School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USA;  Source Info: Feb2001, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p239; Thesaurus Term: Forest canopies; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Subject Term: Forests & forestry -- North Carolina; Subject Term: Photosynthesis -- Physiological aspects; Subject Term: Leaf area index; Author-Supplied Keyword: canopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sink or sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Duke Forest, North Carolina (USA); Author-Supplied Keyword: forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: gross primary productivity (GPP); Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: model; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus taeda; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0239:GPPIDF]2.0.CO;2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=112065206&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoff, Thomas E.
AU  - Weyant, John P.
AU  - Herig, Chris
AU  - Wenger, Howard J.
T1  - Reduce, reuse and renew: one possible approach to cut carbon emissions.
JO  - International Journal of Global Energy Issues
JF  - International Journal of Global Energy Issues
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 09547118
AB  - Focuses on the effect of gas emissions on the environment and on the need for a system composed of energy efficiency, distributed cogeneration and distributed photovoltaics to reduce fuel consumption in residential and commercial sectors.  Timeframe for the solution to take effect; Agreement signed by the U.S. to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 2010.
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 10892534; Hoff, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: tomhoff@clean-power.com; Weyant, John P. 2; Email Address: weyant@leland.stanford.edu; Herig, Chris 3; Email Address: jerigc@tcplink.nrel.gov; Wenger, Howard J. 4; Email Address: hwenger@astropower.com; Affiliations: 1 : Clean Power Research.; 2 : Energy Modeling Forum, Stanford University.; 3 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory.; 4 : Astropower.;  Source Info: 2001, Vol. 15 Issue 1/2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young Sung Ghim
AU  - Hyun Sun Oh
AU  - Young-Soo Chang, Janusz
T1  - Meteorological Effects on the Evolution of High Ozone Episodes in the Greater Seoul Area.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 202
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Three high O3 episodes--7 days in 1992 (July 3-July 9), 9 days in 1994 (July 21-July 29), and another 3 days in 1994 (August 22-August 24)--were selected on the basis of morning (7:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m.) average wind direction and speed and daily maximum O3 concentrations in the greater Seoul, Korea, of 1990-1997. To better understand their characteristics and life cycles, surface data from the Seoul Weather Station (SWS) and surface and 850-hPa wind field data covering northeast Asia around the Korean Peninsula were used for the analysis. In the July 1992 episode, westerly winds were most frequent as a result of the influence of a high-pressure system west of the Korean Peninsula behind a trough. In contrast, in the July 1994 episode, easterly winds were most frequent as a result of the effect of a typhoon moving north from the south of Japan. Despite different prevailing wind directions, the peak O3 concentrations for each episode occurred when a sea/land breeze developed in association with weak synoptic forcing. The August 1994 episode, which was selected as being representative of calm conditions, was another typical example in which a well-developed sea/land breeze helped cause the peak O3 concentration to rise to a record high of 322 parts per billion by volume (ppbv). All three high O3 episodes ended as a result of precipitation, and subsequent rises in O3 concentrations were also suppressed by a series of precipitation events afterwards. In particular, two heavy rainfalls were the main reason why the August 1994 episode, which had the highest and second-highest O3 concentrations, lasted only a few days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Winds
KW  - Weather
KW  - Typhoons
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Japan
N1  - Accession Number: 12413263; Young Sung Ghim 1; Hyun Sun Oh 1; Young-Soo Chang, Janusz 2; Affiliations: 1 : Global Environment Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; 2 : Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois;  Source Info: Feb2001, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p185; Thesaurus Term: Winds; Thesaurus Term: Weather; Thesaurus Term: Typhoons; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Subject: Japan; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 13 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Gorse Jr., Robert A.
AU  - Bailey, Brent K.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Tenth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
EP  - 249
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The Coordinating Research Council (CRC) held its tenth workshop in March 2000, focusing on results from the most recent real-world vehicle emissions research. In this paper, we summarize the presentations from researchers who are engaged in improving our understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to emission inventories. Participants in the workshop discussed efforts to improve mobile source emission models and emission inventories, results from gas- and particle-phase emissions studies from spark-ignition and diesel-powered vehicles, new methods for measuring mobile source emissions, improvements in vehicle emission control systems (ECSs), and evaluation of motor vehicle inspection/maintenance (I/M) programs, as well as topics for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Coal gas
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Vehicles
KW  - Research
KW  - Inventories
N1  - Accession Number: 12413265; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Gorse Jr., Robert A. 2; Bailey, Brent K. 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Email Address: doug_lawson@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : General Motors Research and Development Center, Warren, Michigan; 2 : Ford Motor Company, Allen Park, Michigan; 3 : Coordinating Research Council, Alpharetta, Georgia; 4 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Feb2001, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p236; Thesaurus Term: Coal gas; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles; Subject Term: Vehicles; Subject Term: Research; Subject Term: Inventories; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campos, Andrés
AU  - Zhang, RongGuang
AU  - Alkire, Randal W.
AU  - Matsumura, Philip
AU  - Westbrook, Edwin M.
T1  - Crystal structure of the global regulator FlhD from Escherichia coli at 1.8 Å resolution.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 580
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - FlhD is a 13.3 kDa transcriptional activator protein of flagellar genes and a global regulator. FlhD activates the transcription of class II operons in the flagellar regulon when complexed with a second protein FlhC (21.5 kDa). FlhD also regulates other expression systems in Escherichia coli . We are seeking to understand this plasticity of FlhD's DNA-binding specificity and, to this end, we have determined the crystal structure of the isolated FlhD protein. The structure was solved by substituting seleno-methionine for natural sulphur-methionine in FlhD, crystallizing the protein and determining the structure factor phases by the method of multiple-energy anomalous dispersion (MAD). The FlhD protein is dimeric. The dimer is tightly coupled, with an intimate contact surface, implying that the dimer does not easily dissociate. The FlhD monomer is predominantly α-helical. The C-termini of both FlhD monomers (residues 83–116) are completely disrupted by crystal packing, implying that this region of FlhD is highly flexible. However, part of the C-terminus structure in chain A (residues 83–98) was modelled using a native FlhD crystal. What is seen in chain A suggests a classic DNA-binding, helix–turn–helix (HTH) motif. FlhD does not bind DNA by itself, so it may be that the DNA-binding HTH motif becomes rigidly defined only when FlhD forms a complex with some other protein, such as FlhC. If this were true, it might explain how FlhD exhibits plasticity in its DNA-binding specificity, as each partner protein with which it forms a complex could allosterically affect the binding specificity of its HTH motif. A disulphide bridge is seen between the unique cysteine residues (Cys-65) of FlhD native homodimers. Alanine substitution at Cys-65 does not affect FlhD transcription activator activity, suggesting that the disulphide bond is not necessary for either dimer stability or this function of FlhD. Electrostatic potential analysis indicates... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIAL proteins
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 5519563; Campos, Andrés 1; Zhang, RongGuang 2; Alkire, Randal W. 2; Matsumura, Philip 1,3; Westbrook, Edwin M. 3; Source Information: Feb2001, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p567; Subject: BACTERIAL proteins; Subject: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02247.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107015730
T1  - One on one. Preparticipation health screenings.
AU  - Aslin JL
A2  - Hagerman PS
Y1  - 2001/02//2001 Feb
N1  - Accession Number: 107015730. Language: English. Entry Date: 20010420. Revision Date: 20150818. Publication Type: Journal Article; questionnaire/scale. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 100888833. 
KW  - Physical Examination, Preparticipation
KW  - American College of Sports Medicine -- Standards
KW  - Personal Trainers
SP  - 74
EP  - 75
JO  - Strength & Conditioning Journal (Allen Press)
JF  - Strength & Conditioning Journal (Allen Press)
JA  - STRENGTH CONDITION J
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
CY  - Lawrence, Kansas
PB  - Allen Press Publishing Services Inc.
SN  - 1524-1602
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory Wellness Center, Los Alamos, NM
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sen, Suvrajeet
AU  - Pillai, Rekha
AU  - Joshi, Shirish
AU  - Rathi, Ajay K.
T1  - A Mean-Variance Model for Route Guidance in Advanced Traveler Information Systems.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - Traditional models of route generation are based on choosing routes that minimize expected travel-time between origin and destination. Such approaches do not account for the fact that travelers often incorporate travel-time variability within their decision making. Thus, a route with lower travel-time variability is preferred by some travelers, even if such a route is not one with the lowest mean travel-time. Such traveler behavior is best captured by a multiobjective model in which the choice of a route is based on the mean as well as the variance of the path travel-time. Our route-planning model is intended to help travelers make choices that reflect their decision-making process better. We formulate a network flow multiobjective model in which one of the objectives (expectation) is linear, whereas, the other (variance) is quadratic. In order to present the user with a series of options, we solve a series of parametric 0–1 quadratic integer programs. By utilizing the network structure of the problem, we devise an effective algorithm in which the 0–1 quadratic program is solved by using a continuous relaxation together with an enumeration of some selected paths. Finally, we note that the data requirements for the model can be easily satisfied in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOURISM
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - COMMUTERS
KW  - AIRWAYS (Aeronautics)
KW  - TRAVELERS
KW  - TRAVEL time (Traffic engineering)
KW  - VOYAGES & travels
KW  - QUADRATIC programming
N1  - Accession Number: 5649338; Sen, Suvrajeet 1,2,3; Email Address: sen@sie.arizona.edu; Pillai, Rekha 1,2,3; Joshi, Shirish 1,2,3; Rathi, Ajay K. 1,2,3; Affiliations: 1: SIE Dept., University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721; 2: ITS Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6206 12 Technologies, Irving, Texas 75063.; 3: ITS Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6206.; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p37; Thesaurus Term: TOURISM; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: NONLINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: COMMUTERS; Subject Term: AIRWAYS (Aeronautics); Subject Term: TRAVELERS; Subject Term: TRAVEL time (Traffic engineering); Subject Term: VOYAGES & travels; Subject Term: QUADRATIC programming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561591 Convention and Visitors Bureaus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 713990 All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721110 Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721120 Casino Hotels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721191 Bed-and-Breakfast Inns; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721199 All Other Traveler Accommodation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721214 Recreational and Vacation Camps (except Campgrounds); NAICS/Industry Codes: 721211 RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks and Campgrounds; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Marsik, F. J.
AU  - Keeler, G. J.
T1  - Mercury Air/Surface Exchange Kinetics of Background Soils of the Tahquamenon River Watershed in the Michigan Upper Peninsula.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 169
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Air/surface exchange of mercury was investigated over background soils at five sites in the Tahquamenon River watershed in the Michigan Upper Peninsula in the summer of 1998. Measurements of Hg fluxes were performed during midday periods using the ORNL Teflon dynamic flux chamber. Mean Hg emission fluxes were 1.4±0.3–2.4±1.0 ng m-2 hr-1 for three shaded forest sites and 7.6±1.7 ng m-2 hr-1 for an open field site. Hg dry deposition was observed at a heavily shaded forest site over wet soils (mean = –0.3±0.2 ng m-2 hr-1). The overall mean Hg flux was 1.4±1.4 ng m-2 hr-1 for the four shaded forest sites. The Hg fluxes observed at these sites are similar to those found at other northern background sites. Significant, rapid response of Hg emission to solar radiation was observed over these background soils. Artificial irrigation over these soils induced immediate and measurable increases in Hg emission. Soil temperature was found to be less influential to Hg air/surface exchange over these heavily shaded forest background soils than we have seen elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Soil physics
KW  - Peninsulas
KW  - Tahquamenon River (Mich.)
KW  - Michigan
KW  - atmosphere
KW  - biogeochemical cycling
KW  - deposition
KW  - dynamic flux chamber
KW  - emission
KW  - forest
KW  - photochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16603103; Zhang, H. 1,2; Email Address: 2hz@ornl.gov; Lindberg, S. E. 1; Marsik, F. J. 3; Keeler, G. J. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; 2 : Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; 3 : Air Quality Laboratory (AQL), University of Michigan (UMI), Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Feb2001, Vol. 126 Issue 1/2, p151; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Soil physics; Subject Term: Peninsulas; Subject: Tahquamenon River (Mich.); Subject: Michigan; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogeochemical cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic flux chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: photochemistry; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greening, Lorna A.
AU  - Ting, Michael
AU  - Krackler, Thomas J.
AD  - Unlisted
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Effects of Changes in Residential End-Uses and Behavior on Aggregate Carbon Intensity: Comparison of 10 OECD Countries for the Period 1970 through 1993
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
SP  - 153
EP  - 178
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0561796; Keywords: Emissions; Geographic Descriptors: Selected OECD; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200105
N2  - Patterns of the evolution of aggregate carbon intensity from residential end uses show greater variability than other sectors. For some countries in this analysis, this measure exhibits significant decreases, while for other countries this measure exhibits significant increases over the period of analysis. The Adaptive Weighted Divisia rolling base year index specification is applied to carbon emissions from the residential sector for 10 OECD countries for the period 1970-1993. Decreases in aggregate carbon intensity for six of the countries range less than 8% to almost 72%, and may be attributed to changes in three different factors. However, for all of the countries, decreases are offset by shifts in end-use structure toward more carbon-intensive activities. These shifts are driven by an increase in the number of households with a corresponding increase in floor space, acquisition of greater numbers of major appliances and by an increase in the "other" energy consumption category.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benson, J. M.
AU  - Tibbetts, B. M.
AU  - Thrall, K. D.
AU  - Springer, D. L.
T1  - Uptake, Tissue Distribution, and Fate of Inhaled Carbon Tetrachloride: Comparison of Rat, Mouse, and Hamster.
JO  - Inhalation Toxicology
JF  - Inhalation Toxicology
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 217
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08958378
AB  - Carbon tetrachloride is hepatotoxic in rats, mice, and hamsters. However, rats are less sensitive to the hepatotoxic effects of CCl4 than the other two species. The purpose of this study was to compare the uptake, tissue distribution, and elimination of CCl[sub 4] by these three rodent species. Groups of 20 F344/Crl BR rats, B6C3F[sub 1] mice, and Syrian hamsters were exposed by nose-only inhalation for 4 h to 20 ppm [sup 14]C-labeled CCl[sub 4]. The fate of [sup 14]C was followed in tissues, excreta, and exhaled breath for 48 h after the exposure. At the end of the exposure, concentrations of CCl[sub 4] equivalents (CE) in tissue were highest in liver of rats and mice, but highest in fat for rats. The liver received the highest dose of CCl[sub 4] equivalents with the following species ranking: mouse > hamster > rat. Patterns of CE elimination were species and tissue dependent, with the majority of elimination occurring within 48 h after exposure. Rats eliminated less radioactivity associated with metabolism ([sup 14]CO[sub 2], urine and feces) and more radioactivity associated with parent compound (exhaled activity trapped on charcoal) than did mice or hamsters. The results indicate that ranking of species sensitivity to the hepatotoxic effects of inhaled CCl[sub 4] correlates with CE dose to liver and with the ability to metabolize CCl[sub 4]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inhalation Toxicology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEPATOTOXICOLOGY
KW  - RATS as laboratory animals
KW  - CARBON tetrachloride
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 4230273; Benson, J. M. 1; Tibbetts, B. M. 1; Thrall, K. D. 2; Springer, D. L. 2; Source Information: Mar2001, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p207; Subject: HEPATOTOXICOLOGY; Subject: RATS as laboratory animals; Subject: CARBON tetrachloride; Subject: PHYSIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08958370150502449
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer-Ilse, W.
AU  - Hamamoto, D.
AU  - Nair, A.
AU  - Lelièvre, S. A.
AU  - Denbeaux, G.
AU  - Johnson, L.
AU  - Pearson, A. L.
AU  - Yager, D.
AU  - Legros, M. A.
AU  - Larabell, C. A.
T1  - High resolution protein localization using soft X-ray microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 201
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 403
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Soft X-ray microscopes can be used to examine whole, hydrated cells up to 10 µm thick and produce images approaching 30 nm resolution. Since cells are imaged in the X-ray transmissive ‘water window’, where organic material absorbs approximately an order of magnitude more strongly than water, chemical contrast enhancement agents are not required to view the distribution of cellular structures. Although living specimens cannot be examined, cells can be rapidly frozen at a precise moment in time and examined in a cryostage, revealing information that most closely approximates that in live cells. In this study, we used a transmission X-ray microscope at photon energies just below the oxygen edge (λ = 2.4 nm) to examine rapidly frozen mouse 3T3 cells and obtained excellent cellular morphology at better than 50 nm lateral resolution. These specimens are extremely stable, enabling multiple exposures with virtually no detectable damage to cell structures. We also show that silver-enhanced, immunogold labelling can be used to localize both cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins in whole, hydrated mammary epithelial cells at better than 50 nm resolution. The future use of X-ray tomography, along with improved zone plate lenses, will enable collection of better resolution (approaching 30 nm), three-dimensional information on the distribution of proteins in cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray microscopes
KW  - PROTEINS -- Analysis
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Immunogold
KW  - protein localization
KW  - soft X-ray microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 5514368; Meyer-Ilse, W. 1,2; Hamamoto, D. 3; Nair, A. 1; Lelièvre, S. A. 4; Denbeaux, G. 1; Johnson, L. 1; Pearson, A. L. 1; Yager, D. 4; Legros, M. A. 1; Larabell, C. A. 4,5; Source Information: Mar2001, Vol. 201 Issue 3, p395; Subject: X-ray microscopes; Subject: PROTEINS -- Analysis; Subject: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immunogold; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein localization; Author-Supplied Keyword: soft X-ray microscopy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00845.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortiz De Solorzano, C.
AU  - Malladi, R.
AU  - Lelièvre, S. A.
AU  - Lockett, S. J.
T1  - Segmentation of nuclei and cells using membrane related protein markers.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 201
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 404
EP  - 415
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Segmenting individual cell nuclei from microscope images normally involves volume labelling of the nuclei with a DNA stain. However, this method often fails when the nuclei are tightly clustered in the tissue, because there is little evidence from the images on where the borders of the nuclei are. In this paper we present a method which solves this limitation and furthermore enables segmentation of whole cells. Instead of using volume stains, we used stains that specifically label the surface of nuclei or cells: lamins for the nuclear envelope and alpha-6 or beta-1 integrins for the cellular surface. The segmentation is performed by identifying unique seeds for each nucleus/cell and expanding the boundaries of the seeds until they reach the limits of the nucleus/cell, as delimited by the lamin or integrin staining, using gradient-curvature flow techniques. We tested the algorithm using computer-generated objects to evaluate its robustness against noise and applied it to cells in culture and to tissue specimens. In all the cases that we present the algorithm gave accurate results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - STAINS & staining (Microscopy)
KW  - Cell surface
KW  - confocal
KW  - geometrical flow
KW  - image segmentation
KW  - integrin
KW  - lamin
KW  - nuclear lamina
KW  - Partial differential equation (PDE)
N1  - Accession Number: 5514361; Ortiz De Solorzano, C. 1; Malladi, R. 1; Lelièvre, S. A. 1; Lockett, S. J. 1; Source Information: Mar2001, Vol. 201 Issue 3, p404; Subject: CELL nuclei; Subject: MICROSCOPY; Subject: STAINS & staining (Microscopy); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: confocal; Author-Supplied Keyword: geometrical flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: image segmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: lamin; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear lamina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial differential equation (PDE); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00854.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kline, David
AD  - National Renewable Energy Laboratory
T1  - Positive Feedback, Lock-In, and Environmental Policy
JO  - Policy Sciences
JF  - Policy Sciences
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
SP  - 95
EP  - 107
SN  - 00322687
N1  - Accession Number: 0565619; Keywords: Microeconomics;  Policy Making;  Policy; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200106
N2  - During the last several decades, modern economic methods have been brought to bear on problems of environmental policy, with powerful and influential results. However, this policy-making paradigm often relies on some of the most restrictive sets of assumptions of microeconomics: the convexity conditions required for competitive markets to be Pareto-efficient. When positive feedback or lock-in occurs, these assumptions do not hold, and standard economic analysis of environmental policy may lead to technologically inferior outcomes, e.g., pollution control costs that are higher than necessary. This paper considers positive feedback in several different forms, and argues that it commonly occurs in markets that affect environmental policies, such as markets for energy technologies. The discussion examines how the standard paradigm for environmental economics breaks down in the presence of positive feedback or lock-in, and considers some policy responses to this problem. The case of SO2 trading helps illustrate how the standard paradigm can miss important technological opportunities for lower-cost pollution mitigation. The argument also suggests how the standard paradigm encourages end-of-pipe solutions and tends to overlook options like pollution prevention strategies, which can sometimes provide more economical environmental improvements.
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation          D78
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11077
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UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11077
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Entry, James A.
AU  - Watrud, Lidia S.
AU  - Reeves, Mark
T1  - Influence of Organic Amendments on the Accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr from Contaminated Soil by Three Grass Species.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 126
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 398
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum), johnson grass (Sorghum halpense) and switchgrass (Panicum virginatum) were compared for their ability to accumulate 137Cs and 90Sr from three different contaminated soils in the presence and absence of either sphagnum peat or poultry litter amendments. Above-ground plant biomass did not differ between plants that were not exposed to these radionuclides and those that were exposed to soil containing 137Cs or 90Sr. After three harvests, bahia, johnson and switchgrass plants accumulated from 17.2 to 67.3% of the 137Cs and from 25.1 to 61.7% of the 90Sr added to the soil. Poultry litter and peat moss amendments increased aboveground plant biomass, activity of 137Cs or 90Sr in plant tissue, % accumulation of 137Cs or 90Sr from soil and the plant bioconcentration ratio at each harvest compared to the control (no amendment) treatment. The greatest increases in plant biomass, and radionuclide accumulation were observed with poultry litter for each of the three grass species. Johnson grass had greater aboveground plant biomass, activity of 137Cs and 90Sr in plant tissue, % accumulation of 137Cs or 90Sr from soil and bioconcentration ratio in each soil amendment, at each harvest compared to bahia and switchgrass. The greatest accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr was measured in johnson grass grown in soil that was amended with poultry litter. These results suggest that plant species selection and agronomic practices may need to be considered to maximize phytoremediation of radionuclide contaminated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Grasses
KW  - Peat mosses
KW  - Plant litter
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Plants
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - 137Cs
KW  - 90Sr.
KW  - johnson grass
KW  - organic matter
KW  - phytoremediation
KW  - poultry litter
N1  - Accession Number: 16603113; Entry, James A. 1; Email Address: jentry@kimberly.ars.pn.usbr.gov; Watrud, Lidia S. 2; Reeves, Mark 3; Affiliations: 1 : USDA Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Irrigation and Soil Research Laboratory, Kimberly, Idaho, U.S.A. (author for correspondence, e-mail: ; fax: 334 4236555); 2 : Terrestrial Ecology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.; 3 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Mar2001, Vol. 126 Issue 3/4, p385; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Grasses; Thesaurus Term: Peat mosses; Thesaurus Term: Plant litter; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: 137Cs; Author-Supplied Keyword: 90Sr.; Author-Supplied Keyword: johnson grass; Author-Supplied Keyword: organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: poultry litter; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hansen, Anthony D.A.
AU  - Lowenthal, Douglas H.
AU  - Chow, Judith C.
AU  - Watson, John G.
T1  - Black Carbon Aerosol at McMurdo Station, Antarctica.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 600
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Aerosol light absorption as black carbon (BC) was measured from November 19, 1995, to February 6, 1996, at a location 0.65 km downwind of the center of McMurdo Station on the Antarctic coast. The results show a bimodal frequency distribution of BC concentrations. Approximately 65% of the measurements were found in a mode at a low range of concentrations centered at ∼20 ng/m³. These concentrations are higher than those found at other remote Antarctic locations and probably represent contamination from the station. The remaining measurements were in a high-concentration mode (BC ∼300 ng/m³), indicating direct impact of local emissions from combustion activities at the station. High values of BC were associated with winds from the direction of the station, and the BC flux showed a clear directionality. Maximum BC concentrations occurred between 7:00 and 11:00 a.m. The "polluted" mode accounted for more than 80% of the BC frequency-weighted impact at this location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution -- Research
KW  - Air analysis
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Carbon-black
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Antarctica
N1  - Accession Number: 12152509; Hansen, Anthony D.A. 1; Lowenthal, Douglas H. 2; Chow, Judith C. 2; Watson, John G. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2 : Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada;  Source Info: Apr2001, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p593; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution -- Research; Thesaurus Term: Air analysis; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Carbon-black; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Subject: Antarctica; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, R.A.
AU  - Suter II, G.W.
AU  - Rose, W.H.
AU  - Nemeth, S.
T1  - Ecological Risk Assessment Framework for Low-Altitude Aircraft Overflights: I. Planning the Analysis and Estimating Exposure.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 262
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - An ecological risk assessment framework for low-altitude aircraft overflights was developed, with special emphasis on military applications. The problem formulation and exposure analysis phases are presented in this article; an analysis of effects and risk characterization is presented in a companion article. The intent of this article is threefold: (1) to illustrate the development of a generic framework for the ecological risk assessment of an activity, (2) to show how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ecological risk assessment paradigm can be applied to an activity other than the release of a chemical, and (3) to provide guidance for the assessment of ecological risks from low-altitude aircraft overflights. The key stressor for low-altitude aircraft overflights is usually sound, although visual and physical (collision) stressors may also be significant. Susceptible and regulated wildlife populations are the major assessment endpoint entities, although plant communities may be impacted by takeoffs and landings. The exposure analysis utilizes measurements of wildlife locations, measurements of sound levels at the wildlife locations, measurements of slant distances from aircraft to wildlife, models that extrapolate sound from the source aircraft to the ground, and bird-strike probability models. Some of the challenges to conducting a risk assessment for aircraft overflights include prioritizing potential stressors and endpoints, choosing exposure metrics that relate to wildlife responses, obtaining good estimates of sound or distance, and estimating wildlife locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
KW  - Aircraft
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - military
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 6734004; Efroymson, R.A. 1; Suter II, G.W. 2; Rose, W.H. 3; Nemeth, S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge; 2: National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati; 3: U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign; Issue Info: Apr2001, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p251; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aircraft; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: military; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk assessment ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, James S.
AU  - Foote, Ken
AU  - McClean, Michael
AU  - Cogbill, Graham
T1  - Beryllium Exposure Control Program at the Cardiff Atomic Weapons Establishment in the United Kingdom.
JO  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 619
EP  - 630
SN  - 1047322X
AB  - The Cardiff Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) plant, located in Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom, used metallic beryllium in their beryllium facility during the years of operation 1961-1997. The beryllium production processes included melting and casting, powder production, pressing, machining, and heat and surface treatments. As part of Cardiff's industrial hygiene program, extensive area measurements and personal lapel measurements of airborne beryllium concentrations were collected for Cardiff workers over the 36-year period of operation. In addition to extensive air monitoring, the beryllium control program also utilized surface contamination controls, building design, engineering controls, worker controls, material controls, and medical surveillance. The electronic database includes 367,757 area sampling records at 101 locations and 217,681 personal lapel sampling records collected from 194 employees over the period 1981-1997. Similar workplace samples were collected from 1961 to 1980, but they were not analyzed because they were not available electronically.Annual personal mean sampling concentrations for all workers ranged from 0.11 to 0.72 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m[sup 3]) with 95th percentiles ranging from 0.22 to 1.89 μg/m[sup 3]; foundry workers worked in the highest concentration areas with a mean of 0.87 μg/m[sup 3] and a 95th percentile of 2.9 μg/m[sup 3]. Area sampling concentrations, as expected, were lower than personal sampling concentrations. Mean annual area sample concentrations for all locations ranged from 0.02 to 0.32 μg/m[sup 3]. The area sample 95th percentile concentrations for all years were below 0.5 μg/m[sup 3]. For the overwhelming majority of samples, airborne beryllium concentrations were below the 2.0 μg/m[sup 3] standard. Although blood lymphocyte testing for beryllium sensitization has not been routinely conducted among these workers, this metal beryllium processing facility is the only large scale beryllium facility of its kind to have experienced only one unique a case of clinical chronic beryllium disease (CBD) ascertained by traditional medical monitoring procedures. The treating physician determined that this lung disease was likely caused by a systems reaction resulting from a mound contaminated with beryllium. However,he could not rule out the potential for inhalation exposure. Over the 17 years of measurement data analyzed, on occasion, airborne beryllium concentrations have exceeded 2.0 μg/m[sup 3]; however, the Cardiff experience demonstrates that strict and consistent adherence to exposure control measures that emphasized airborne and surface levels and appropriate engineering controls, work practices, and use of personal protective equipment appears to have successfully prevented the incidence of clinical CBD with the exception of one unique case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - HYGIENE
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Chronic beryllium disease
KW  - Engineering controls
KW  - Industrial hygiene
N1  - Accession Number: 5171731; Johnson, James S. 1; Foote, Ken 1; McClean, Michael 2; Cogbill, Graham 3; Source Information: May2001, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p619; Subject: BERYLLIUM; Subject: HYGIENE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic weapons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beryllium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronic beryllium disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Engineering controls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Industrial hygiene; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/104732201750169750
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107054680
T1  - Physical fitness and activity as separate heart disease risk factors: a meta-analysis...including commentary by Blair SN and Jackson AS
AU  - Williams PT
Y1  - 2001/05//2001 May
N1  - Accession Number: 107054680. Language: English. Entry Date: 20010928. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; commentary; equations & formulas; research; review; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Double Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Supported in part by grants HL-58621, HL-45652, and HL-55640 from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. NLM UID: 8005433. 
KW  - Physical Fitness
KW  - Physical Activity
KW  - Cardiovascular Risk Factors
KW  - Meta Analysis
KW  - Leisure Activities
KW  - Prospective Studies
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Risk Factors
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Relative Risk
KW  - Descriptive Statistics
KW  - Two-Tailed Test
KW  - Statistical Significance
KW  - Test-Retest Reliability
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 754
EP  - 764
JO  - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
JF  - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
JA  - MED SCI SPORTS EXERC
VL  - 33
IS  - 5
CY  - Baltimore, Maryland
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
AB  - Objective: Public health policies for physical activity presume that the greatest health benefits are achieved by increasing physical activity among the least active. This presumption is based largely on studies of cardiorespiratory fitness. To assess whether studies of cardiorespiratory fitness are germane to physical activity guidelines, we compared the dose-response relationships between cardiovascular disease endpoints with leisure-time physical activity and fitness from published studies. Data Sources: Twenty-three sex-specific cohorts of physical activity or fitness (representing 1,325,004 person-years of follow-up), cited in Tables 4-1 and 4-2 of the Surgeon General's Report. Data Synthesis: Relative risks were plotted as a function of the cumulative percentages of the samples when ranked from least fit or active, to most fit or active. To combine study results, a weighted average of the relative risks over the 16 physical activity or seven fitness cohorts was computed at every 5th percentile between 5 and 100%. The analyses show that the risks of coronary heart disease or cardiovascular disease decrease linearly in association with increasing percentiles of physical activity. In contrast, there is a precipitous drop in risk occurring before the 25th percentile of the fitness distribution. As a consequence of this drop, there is a significant difference in the risk reduction associated with being more physically active or physically fit (P </= 0.04). Conclusions: Being unfit warrants consideration as a risk factor, distinctly from inactivity, and worthy of screening and intervention. Formulating physical activity recommendations on the basis of fitness studies may inappropriately demote the status of physical fitness as a risk factor while exaggerating the public health benefits of moderate amounts of physical activity.
SN  - 0195-9131
AD  - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720. E-mail: PTWilliams@LBL.gov
U2  - PMID: 11323544.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
T1  - Post-translational modifications and activation of p53 by genotoxic stresses.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2001/05/15/
VL  - 268
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2764
EP  - 2772
SN  - 00142956
AB  - In unstressed cells, the tumor suppressor protein p53 is present in a latent state and is maintained at low levels through targeted degradation. A variety of genotoxic stresses initiate signaling pathways that transiently stabilize the p53 protein, cause it to accumulate in the nucleus, and activate it as a transcription factor. Activation leads either to growth arrest at the G1/S or G2/M transitions of the cell cycle or to apoptosis. Recent studies point to roles for multiple post-translational modifications in mediating these events in response to genotoxic stresses through several potentially interacting but distinct pathways. The ≈ 100 amino-acid N-terminal and ≈ 90 amino-acid C-terminal domains are highly modified by post-translational modifications. The N-terminus is heavily phosphorylated while the C-terminus contains phosphorylated, acetylated and sumoylated residues. Antibodies that recognize p53 only when it has been modified at specific sites have been developed, and studies with these reagents show that most known post-translational modifications are induced when cells are exposed to genotoxic stresses. These recent results, coupled with biochemical and genetic studies, suggest that N-terminal phosphorylations are important for stabilizing p53 and are crucial for acetylation of C-terminal sites, which in combination lead to the full p53-mediated response to genotoxic stresses. Modifications to the C-terminus inhibit the ability of this domain to negatively regulate sequence-specific DNA binding; additionally, they modulate the stability, the oligomerization state, the nuclear import/export process and the degree of ubiquitination of p53. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POST-translational modification
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - P53 antioncogene
KW  - GENETIC translation
KW  - HEAT shock proteins
KW  - acetylation
KW  - ATM
KW  - CBP
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MDM2
KW  - p300
KW  - phosphorylation
KW  - PML
KW  - stability
KW  - transcriptional activation
N1  - Accession Number: 5208174; Appella, Ettore 1; Anderson, Carl W. 2; Source Information: May2001, Vol. 268 Issue 10, p2764; Subject: POST-translational modification; Subject: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject: P53 antioncogene; Subject: GENETIC translation; Subject: HEAT shock proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: acetylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATM; Author-Supplied Keyword: CBP; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: MDM2; Author-Supplied Keyword: p300; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: PML; Author-Supplied Keyword: stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcriptional activation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02225.x
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DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Itahana, Koji
AU  - Dimri, Goberdhan
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Regulation of cellular senescence by p53.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2001/05/15/
VL  - 268
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2784
EP  - 2791
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Many normal cells respond to potentially oncogenic stimuli by undergoing cellular senescence, a state of irreversibly arrested proliferation and altered differentiated function. Cellular senescence very likely evolved to suppress tumorigenesis. In support of this idea, it is regulated by several tumor suppressor genes. At the heart of this regulation is p53. p53 is essential for the senescence response to short telomeres, DNA damage, oncogenes and supraphysiological mitogenic signals, and overexpression of certain tumor suppressor genes. Despite the well-documented central role for p53 in the senescence response, many questions remain regarding how p53 senses senescence-inducing stimuli and how it elicits the senescent phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - P53 antioncogene
KW  - CELLULAR aging
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - ARF
KW  - cellular senescence
KW  - cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors
KW  - DNA repair proteins
KW  - E2F1
KW  - p14
KW  - p21
KW  - p53
KW  - PML
KW  - RAS
KW  - telomeres
KW  - tumor suppressors.
N1  - Accession Number: 5208193; Itahana, Koji 1; Dimri, Goberdhan 2; Campisi, Judith 1; Source Information: May2001, Vol. 268 Issue 10, p2784; Subject: P53 antioncogene; Subject: CELLULAR aging; Subject: CARCINOGENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARF; Author-Supplied Keyword: cellular senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA repair proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: E2F1; Author-Supplied Keyword: p14; Author-Supplied Keyword: p21; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: PML; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: telomeres; Author-Supplied Keyword: tumor suppressors.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02228.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Odejar, Maria Ana E.
AU  - McNulty, Mark S.
AD  - KS State U
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
T1  - Bayesian Analysis of the Stochastic Switching Regression Model Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods
JO  - Computational Economics
JF  - Computational Economics
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 2-3
SP  - 265
EP  - 284
SN  - 09277099
N1  - Accession Number: 0589043; Keywords: Estimation;  Markov Chain;  Markov;  Regression; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200112
N2  - This study develops Bayesian methods for estimating the parameters of a stochastic switching regression model. Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods, data augmentation, and Gibbs sampling are used to facilitate estimation of the posterior means. The main feature of these methods is that the posterior means are estimated by the ergodic averages of samples drawn from conditional distributions, which are relatively simple in form and more feasible to sample from than the complex joint posterior distribution. A simulation study is conducted comparing model estimates obtained using data augmentation, Gibbs sampling, and the maximum likelihood EM algorithm and determining the effects of the accuracy of and bias of the researcher's prior distributions on the parameter estimates.
KW  - Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes          C22
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10614
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0589043&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10614
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Humphries, Susan S.
AU  - Gwinn, Kimberly D.
AU  - Stewart, Arthur J.
T1  - EFFECTS OF ENDOPHYTE STATUS OF TALL FESCUE TISSUES ON THE EARTHWORM (EISENIA FETIDA).
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1346
EP  - 1350
SN  - 07307268
AB  - A cryptic fungal endophyte, Neotyphodium coenophialum, infects most tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) pastures in the United States. Cattle, sheep, and horses that consume the endophyte-infected grass can suffer fescue toxicosis caused by toxic alkaloids in the infected plants. The effects of the endophyte on mammalian herbivores have been well documented, but less is known regarding the quality of the grass (infected vs noninfected) as a food material for soil invertebrates. We conducted 21-d tests with earthworms (Eisenia fetida) to determine the nutritional quality of endophyte-infected and noninfected tall fescue leaf and root tissues. Earthworm survival, growth, and reproduction were measured in each treatment combination of tissue type and infection status. Earthworm survival was 100% in all treatments. Tall fescue tissue type (leaf vs root) and infection status (present or absent) both significantly affected E. fetida growth and reproduction. The earthworms grew and had moderate levels of reproduction in replicates containing tall fescue leaf tissue as the sole food source regardless of the endophyte-infection status, but earthworms lost weight and had less reproduction in replicates where tall fescue root tissue was the sole food source. An unexpected effect of infection status on earthworm growth in the tall fescue leaf--tissue treatments was also evident: mean growth of E. fetida with access to endophyte-infected leaf tissue as the sole food source was 3.6-fold greater than mean growth of E. fetida with access to noninfected leaf tissue as the sole food source. Knowledge regarding the relative effects of endophyte status of tall fescue on soil organisms may allow the development of more effective environmental management strategies at sites where tall fescue is being considered for use in phytoremediation or for vegetative cover. Investigators working with tall fescue should be alert to the possibility of endophyte-mediated effects of tall fescue on... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plants
KW  - Herbivores
KW  - Earthworms
KW  - Endophytes
KW  - Neotyphodium
KW  - Fungal endophyte
KW  - Neotyphodium sp.
KW  - Soil invertebrate
KW  - Tall fescue
N1  - Accession Number: 15940414; Humphries, Susan S. 1; Gwinn, Kimberly D. 2; Stewart, Arthur J. 3; Email Address: stewartaj@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29202, USA; 2 : Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37901-1071, USA; 3 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA;  Source Info: Jun2001, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p1346; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Herbivores; Subject Term: Earthworms; Subject Term: Endophytes; Subject Term: Neotyphodium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fungal endophyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neotyphodium sp.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil invertebrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tall fescue; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - Jin, Alfred
AU  - Noonan, Kathleen
AU  - McGuire, Ray
AU  - Kirvel, Robert D.
T1  - Decontamination issues for chemical and biological warfare agents: how clean is clean enough?
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 128
EP  - 148
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09603123
AB  - The objective of this assessment is to determine what level of cleanup will be required to meet regulatory and stakeholder needs in the case of a chemical and/or biological incident at a civilian facility. A literature review for selected, potential chemical and biological warfare agents shows that dose information is often lacking or controversial. Environmental regulatory limits or other industrial health guidelines that could be used to help establish cleanup concentration levels for such agents are generally unavailable or not applicable for a public setting. Although dose information, cleanup criteria, and decontamination protocols all present challenges to effective planning, several decontamination approaches are available. Such approaches should be combined with risk-informed decision making to establish reasonable cleanup goals for protecting health, property, and resources. Key issues during a risk assessment are to determine exactly what constitutes a safety hazard and whether decontamination is necessary or not for a particular scenario. An important conclusion is that cleanup criteria are site dependent and stakeholder specific. The results of a modeling exercise for two outdoor scenarios are presented to reinforce this conclusion. Public perception of risk to health, public acceptance of recommendations based on scientific criteria, political support, time constraints, and economic concerns must all be addressed in the context of a specific scenario to yield effective and acceptable decontamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Health Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL warfare
KW  - DECONTAMINATION (From gases, chemicals, etc.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL health
KW  - BIOLOGICAL TOXIN
KW  - Biological warfare agent
KW  - Chemical warfare agent
KW  - CONTAMINATION
KW  - DECONTAMINATION
N1  - Accession Number: 4480058; Raber, Ellen 1; Jin, Alfred 1; Noonan, Kathleen 1; McGuire, Ray 1; Kirvel, Robert D. 1; Source Information: Jun2001, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p128; Subject: BIOLOGICAL warfare; Subject: DECONTAMINATION (From gases, chemicals, etc.); Subject: ENVIRONMENTAL health; Author-Supplied Keyword: BIOLOGICAL TOXIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: CONTAMINATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: DECONTAMINATION; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09603120020047519
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=4480058&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Logan, Jeffrey
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC
T1  - Diverging Energy and Economic Growth in China: Where Has All the Coal Gone?
JO  - Pacific and Asian Journal of Energy
JF  - Pacific and Asian Journal of Energy
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
SN  - 09703888
N1  - Accession Number: 0590341; Keywords: Energy;  Growth; Geographic Descriptors: China; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200112
N2  - Chinese statistics indicate that primary energy consumption fell by 12% between 1996 and 1999 while the economy expanded by 25%. The driving forces behind the radically diverging trend in energy and economy are poorly understood due to limited data. Closure of inefficient production facilities, improved coal quality, and structural change within the economy could account for a large portion of the reported drop in energy use, but they do not explain the entire decline. It seems likely that unreported coal consumption accounts for a significant share as well. This paper provides estimates of more likely energy use and revises forecasts of CO2 (carbon dioxide) emissions through 2020. According to these revised estimates, energy use appears to have declined by 6%-10% from 1996 to 1999. Based on the revised estimates, CO2 emissions are down about 6% from their peak in 1996 and roughly 15% from what earlier international forecasts had predicted.
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation          P24
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Natural Resources; Energy; Environment          P28
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
KW  - Energy and the Macroeconomy          Q43
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Piepel, Greg F.
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Windisch, Charles F.
AU  - Su, Yali
AU  - Elliott, Michael L.
T1  - STATISTICAL MODELING OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY DATA FROM HIGH TEMPERATURE GLASS MELTS FOR ON-LINE MONITORING OF TEMPERATURE AND COMPOSITION.
JO  - Quality Engineering
JF  - Quality Engineering
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
EP  - 677
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08982112
AB  - The article presents an overview of the on-line melter monitoring system (OMMS) and its statistical modeling quality. Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in glass structure studies and it also monitors and controls glass melter compositions and temperatures. Three phases have been involved in developing a research strategy for OMMS including developing statistical models, developing high-temperature Raman database, and developing in situ Raman hardware.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - QUALITY control
KW  - QUALITY of products
KW  - GLASS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 75320052; Piepel, Greg F. 1; Li, Hong 1; Windisch, Charles F. 1; Su, Yali 1; Elliott, Michael L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington, 99352; Issue Info: Jun2001, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p667; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: DATABASES; Thesaurus Term: QUALITY control; Thesaurus Term: QUALITY of products; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08982110108918698
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=75320052&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leiby, Paul
AU  - Rubin, Jonathan
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AD  - Margaret Chase Smith Center for Public Policy, U ME
T1  - Intertemporal Permit Trading for the Control of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
JO  - Environmental and Resource Economics
JF  - Environmental and Resource Economics
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
SP  - 229
EP  - 256
SN  - 09246460
N1  - Accession Number: 0587323; Keywords: Emissions; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200111
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10640
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0587323&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10640
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, H.
AU  - Durante, M.
AU  - Lucas, J. N.
T1  - Relationship between radiation-induced aberrations in individual chromosomes and their DNA content: effects of interaction distance.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 77
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 786
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To study the effect of the interaction distance on the frequency of inter- and intrachromosome exchanges in individual chromosomes with respect to their DNA content. Assumptions: Chromosome exchanges are formed by misrejoining of two DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) induced within an interaction distance, d. It is assumed that chromosomes in G[sub 0]/G[sub 1] phase of the cell cycle occupy a spherical domain in a cell nucleus, with no spatial overlap between individual chromosome domains. Results: Formulae are derived for the probability of formation of inter-, as well as intra-, chromosome exchanges relating to the DNA content of the chromosome for a given interaction distance. For interaction distances <1μm, the relative frequency of interchromosome exchanges predicted by the present model is similar to that by Cigarran et al. (1998) based on the assumption that the probability of interchromosome exchanges is proportional to the 'surface area' of the chromosome territory. The 'surface area' assumption is shown to be a limiting case of d→0 in the present model. The present model also predicts that the probability of intrachromosome exchanges occurring in individual chromosomes is proportional to their DNA content with correction terms. Conclusion: When the interaction distance is small, the 'surface area' distribution for chromosome participation in interchromosome exchanges has been expected. However, the present model shows that for the interaction distance as large as 1 μm, the predicted probability of interchromosome exchange formation is still close to the surface area distribution. Therefore, this distribution does not necessarily rule out the formation of complex chromosomal aberrations by long-range misrejoining of DSB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROSSING over (Genetics)
KW  - CHROMOSOME abnormalities
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 4802301; Wu, H. 1; Durante, M. 2; Lucas, J. N. 3; Source Information: Jul2001, Vol. 77 Issue 7, p781; Subject: CROSSING over (Genetics); Subject: CHROMOSOME abnormalities; Subject: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000110050227
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=4802301&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, H.
AU  - Deng, W.
AU  - Cassel, M. J.
AU  - Lucas, J. N.
T1  - Fluorescence in situ hybridization of metaphase chromosomes in suspension.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 77
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 787
EP  - 795
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To describe a new method for FISH analysis of metaphase chromosomes in suspension. Materials and methods: Metaphase chromosomes in suspension were isolated from a Chinese hamster human hybrid cell line, 314-2 (1) Y, and a human cell line, GM 130B. During suspension hybridization, specific chromosomes were labeled from these two cell lines using either biotin-labeled human genomic DNA, a directly labeled human pancentromere DNA probe or a chromosome #1 locus-specific probe. Results: The method allows, for the first time, recovery of large numbers of isolated individual hybridized chromosomes with good morphology for both human × hamster hybrid and human cell lines. The results showed that 46-73% of the starting number of total chromosomes can be recovered after a FISH in suspension procedure. The well-preserved morphology of hybridized metaphase chromosomes allowed (1) rapid detection of individual human and hamster chromosome aberrations, (2) rapid counting of the painted human chromosomes and (3) fast, clear detection of chromosome region-specific probes. This method offers a new tool to assay chromosomes and DNA: it offers the possibility to develop new techniques for sorting chromosomes based on FISH signals, for early detection and screening of genetic diseases and for bulk measurement of both balanced or unbalanced chromosomal exchanges and rearrangements. Conclusion: The potential of the method described should facilitate fast, sensitive population monitoring, and increase sensitivity of the measurements in chromosome-based biodosimetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IN situ hybridization -- Diagnostic use
KW  - CHROMOSOME abnormalities
KW  - DNA probes
N1  - Accession Number: 4802300; He, H. 1; Deng, W. 2; Cassel, M. J. 3; Lucas, J. N. 3; Source Information: Jul2001, Vol. 77 Issue 7, p787; Subject: IN situ hybridization -- Diagnostic use; Subject: CHROMOSOME abnormalities; Subject: DNA probes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000110047546
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=4802300&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsieh, W. A.
AU  - Lucas, J. N.
AU  - Hwang, J. J.
AU  - Chan, C. C.
AU  - Chang, W. P.
T1  - Biodosimetry using chromosomal translocations measured by FISH in a population chronically exposed to low dose-rate [sup 60]Co γ-irradiation.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 77
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
EP  - 804
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To evaluate the cumulative γ-radiation personal exposure by analysing lymphocyte chromosome translocations using FISH painting and to compare FISH-derived biodoses with those derived from retrospective physical dose reconstruction in residents receiving chronic low dose-rate γ-irradiation while living in radio-contaminated buildings. Materials and methods: Chromosome translocation frequencies were evaluated by scoring 933 to 3077 metaphases under fluorescence microscope for each of the five male and four female exposed individuals after they had relocated from the radioactive environment for 34-82 months. FISH painting was conducted using kits of whole-chromosome probes for chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 in orange and 3, 5 and 6 in green and counter-stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The retrospective dose estimation termed Taiwan Cumulative Dose (TCD) was conducted by assessment using detailed information of historical exposure and the environmental radioactivity for each apartment during previous residency. Results: A total of 20 244 well-prepared metaphases were scored. Biodoses were calculated from the translocation frequencies and physical doses were estimated from detail questionnaires for each individual. The translocation frequencies measured ranged from 2.2×10[sup -3] to 26.8×10[sup -3] translocations per cell and the dose equivalent from 52.2 to 992.2mSv. A good correlation was observed between the physical and biodoses. A plot of TCD against FISH-derived doses produced D[sub fish] =0.65 D[sub TCD], when fitted by a linear model, and D[sub fish] = 0.53 D[sub TCD]+ 1.26×10[sup -4 ] D[sup 2][sub TCD], when fitted with a linear-quadratic model. Given the scatter in the data and the extremely small quadratic dose contribution, neither model could be ruled out. Conclusion: Chromosome translocations provide a valid method of dose estimation in extremely protracted low dose-rate γ-radiation exposure. Validation of the TCD method by FISH-measured translocations supports the use of TCD for epidemiological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - TRANSLOCATION (Genetics)
KW  - IN situ hybridization -- Diagnostic use
KW  - DOSE-response relationship (Radiation)
N1  - Accession Number: 4802299; Hsieh, W. A. 1; Lucas, J. N. 2; Hwang, J. J. 3; Chan, C. C. 4; Chang, W. P. 5; Source Information: Jul2001, Vol. 77 Issue 7, p797; Subject: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject: TRANSLOCATION (Genetics); Subject: IN situ hybridization -- Diagnostic use; Subject: DOSE-response relationship (Radiation); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000110053873
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winebrake, James J.
AU  - Wang, Michael Q.
AU  - Dongquan He, Michael Q.
T1  - Toxic Emissions from Mobile Sources: A Total Fuel-Cycle Analysis for Conventional and Alternative Fuel Vehicles.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 51
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
EP  - 1086
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Mobile sources are among the largest contributors of four hazardous air pollutants--benzene, 1,3-butadiene, acetaldehyde, and formaldehyde--in urban areas. At the same time, federal and state governments are promoting the use of alternative fuel vehicles as a means to curb local air pollution. As yet, the impact of this movement toward alternative fuels with respect to toxic emissions has not been well studied. The purpose of this paper is to compare toxic emissions from vehicles operating on a variety of fuels, including reformulated gasoline (RFG), natural gas, ethanol, methanol, liquid petroleum gas (LPG), and electricity. This study uses a version of Argonne National Laboratory's Greenhouse Gas, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation (GREET) model, appropriately modified to estimate toxic emissions. The GREET model conducts a total fuel-cycle analysis that calculates emissions from both downstream (e.g., operation of the vehicle) and upstream (e.g., fuel production and distribution) stages of the fuel cycle. We find that almost all of the fuels studied reduce 1,3-butadiene emissions compared with conventional gasoline (CG). However, the use of ethanol in E85 (fuel made with 85% ethanol) or RFG leads to increased acetaldehyde emissions, and the use of methanol, ethanol, and compressed natural gas (CNG) may result in increased formaldehyde emissions. When the modeling results for the four air toxics are considered together with their cancer risk factors, all the fuels and vehicle technologies show air toxic emission reduction benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Acetaldehyde
KW  - Formaldehyde
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices
N1  - Accession Number: 12147614; Winebrake, James J. 1,2; Wang, Michael Q. 1; Dongquan He, Michael Q. 1; Email Address: winebrjj@jmu.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2 : Science and Technology Department, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia;  Source Info: Jul2001, Vol. 51 Issue 7, p1073; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Acetaldehyde; Thesaurus Term: Formaldehyde; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106851188
T1  - FDG for the study of central nervous system drugs.
AU  - Fowler JS
AU  - Volkow ND
Y1  - 2001/07/02/Jul2001 Supplement
N1  - Accession Number: 106851188. Language: English. Entry Date: 20030718. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article. Supplement Title: Jul2001 Supplement. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0366372. 
KW  - Brain -- Metabolism
KW  - Central Nervous System Agents -- Analysis
KW  - Fluorine Radioisotopes
KW  - Glucose -- Metabolism
SP  - 9S
EP  - 10S
JO  - Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
JF  - Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
JA  - J CLIN PHARMACOL
VL  - 41
IS  - 7S
CY  - Malden, Massachusetts
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0091-2700
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
U2  - PMID: 11452737.
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=106851188&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 107077463
T1  - Drug abuse and mental illness: progress in understanding comorbidity.
AU  - Volkow ND
Y1  - 2001/08//
N1  - Accession Number: 107077463. Language: English. Entry Date: 20011214. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; editorial. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0370512. 
KW  - Substance Abuse
KW  - Mental Disorders
KW  - Comorbidity
SP  - 1181
EP  - 1183
JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry
JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry
JA  - AM J PSYCHIATRY
VL  - 158
IS  - 8
CY  - Arlington, Virginia
PB  - American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
SN  - 0002-953X
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; volkow@bnl.gov
U2  - PMID: 11481146.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106913901
T1  - Dietary and genetic effects on low-density lipoprotein heterogeneity.
AU  - Krauss RM
Y1  - 2001/08//
N1  - Accession Number: 106913901. Language: English. Entry Date: 20070101. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; review; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 8209988. 
KW  - Lipoproteins, LDL -- Classification
KW  - Lipoproteins, LDL Cholesterol -- Blood
KW  - Diet, Fat-Restricted
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Dietary Carbohydrates
KW  - Coronary Disease -- Risk Factors
KW  - Lipoproteins, LDL -- Physiology
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Dietary Fats
KW  - Cholesterol -- Blood
SP  - 283
EP  - 295
JO  - Annual Review of Nutrition
JF  - Annual Review of Nutrition
JA  - ANNU REV NUTR
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
CY  - Palo Alto, California
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
AB  - We have tested whether differences in distribution and dietary responsiveness of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses contribute to the variability in the magnitude of LDL-cholesterol reduction induced by diets low in total and saturated fat and high in carbohydrate. Our studies have focused on a common, genetically influenced metabolic profile, characterized by a predominance of small, dense LDL particles (subclass pattern B), that is associated with a two- to threefold increase in risk for coronary artery disease. We have found that healthy normolipidemic individuals with this trait show a greater reduction in LDL cholesterol and particle number in response to low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets than do unaffected individuals (subclass pattern A). Moreover, such diets result in reduced LDL particle size, with induction of pattern B in a substantial proportion of pattern A men. Recent studies have indicated that this response is under genetic influence. Future identification of the specific genes involved may lead to improved targeting of dietary therapies aimed at reducing cardiovascular disease risk.
SN  - 0199-9885
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Dept of Molecular Medicine, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Rmkrauss@lbl.gov
U2  - PMID: 11375438.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cox, Steven S.
AU  - Little, John C.
AU  - Hodgson, Alfred T.
T1  - Measuring Concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds in Vinyl Flooring.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 51
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1195
EP  - 1201
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The initial solid-phase concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a key parameter influencing the emission characteristics of many indoor materials. Solid-phase measurements are typically made using solvent extraction or thermal headspace analysis. The high temperatures and chemical solvents associated with these methods can modify the physical structure of polymeric materials and, consequently, affect mass transfer characteristics. To measure solid-phase concentrations under conditions resembling those in which the material would be installed in an indoor environment, a new technique was developed for measuring VOC concentrations in vinyl flooring (VF) and similar materials. A 0.09-m² section of new VF was punched randomly to produce ∼200 0.78-cm² disks. The disks were milled to a powder at -140°C to simultaneously homogenize the material and reduce the diffusion path length without loss of VOCs. VOCs were extracted from the VF particles at room temperature by fluidized-bed desorption (FBD) and by direct thermal desorption (DTD) at elevated temperatures. The VOCs in the extraction gas from FBD and DTD were collected on sorbent tubes and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Seven VOCs emitted by VF were quantified. Concentration measurements by FBD ranged from 5.1 µg/g VF for n-hexadecane to 130 µg/g VF for phenol. Concentrations measured by DTD were higher than concentrations measured by FBD. Differences between FBD and DTD results may be explained using free-volume and dual-mobility sorption theory, but further research is necessary to more completely characterize the complex nature of a diffusant in a polymer matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Thermal desorption
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Mass transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 12210848; Cox, Steven S. 1; Little, John C. 1; Email Address: jcl@vt.edu; Hodgson, Alfred T. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia; 2 : E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California;  Source Info: Aug2001, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p1195; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Thermal desorption; Thesaurus Term: Polymers; Subject Term: Mass transfer; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Streets, David G.
AU  - Tsai, Nancy Y.
AU  - Akimoto, Hajime
AU  - Oka, Kaoru
T1  - Trends in Emissions of Acidifying Species in Asia, 1985–1997.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 130
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 192
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Acid deposition is a serious problem throughout much of Asia. Emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been increasing steadily, as nations strive to increase their levels of economic development. Coal and fuel oil have been the main choices for powering industrial development; and, until recently, only a few countries had taken steps to avert the atmospheric emissions that accompany fuel combustion. This paper discusses trends in emissions of SO2 and NOx that have occurred in Asian countries in the period 1985–1997, using results from the RAINS-Asia computer model and energy-use trends from the IEA Energy Statistics and Balances database. Emissions of SO2 in Asia grew from 26.6 Tg in 1985 to 33.7 Tg in 1990 and 39.2 Tg in 1997. Though SO2 emissions used to grow as fast as fossil-fuel use, recent limitations on the sulfur content of coal and oil have slowed the growth. The annual-average emissions growth between 1990 and 1997 was only 2.2%, considerably less than the economic growth rate. Emissions of NOx, on the other hand, continue to grow rapidly, from 14.1 Tg in 1985 to 18.7 Tg in 1990 and 28.5 Tg in 1997 (6.2% per year between 1990 and 1997), with no signs of abating. Thus, though SO2 remains the major contributor to acidifying emissions in Asia, the role of NOx will become more and more important in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acid deposition
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Sulfur compounds
KW  - Industrialization
KW  - Asia
KW  - acidification
KW  - emissions
KW  - nitrogen oxides
KW  - sulfur dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 16603527; Streets, David G. 1; Email Address: dstreets@anl.gov; Tsai, Nancy Y. 1; Akimoto, Hajime 2; Oka, Kaoru 3; Affiliations: 1 : Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, U.S.A.; 2 : Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153, Japan.; 3 : EX Corporation, 17-22 Takada, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171, Japan.;  Source Info: Aug2001, Vol. 130 Issue 1-4, p187; Thesaurus Term: Acid deposition; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur compounds; Thesaurus Term: Industrialization; Subject: Asia; Author-Supplied Keyword: acidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: sulfur dioxide; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klimont, Z.
AU  - Cofala, J.
AU  - Schöpp, W.
AU  - Amann, M.
AU  - Streets, D. G.
AU  - Ichikawa, Y.
AU  - Fujita, S.
T1  - Projections of SO2, NOx, NH3 and VOC Emissions in East Asia Up to 2030.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 130
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 198
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Starting from an inventory of SO2, NOx, VOC and NH3 emissions for the years 1990 and 1995 in East Asia (Japan, South and North Korea, China, Mongolia and Taiwan), the temporal development of the emissions of the four air pollutants is projected to the year 2030 based on scenarios of economic development. The projections are prepared at a regional level (prefectures or provinces of individual countries) and distinguish more than 100 source categories for each region. The emission estimates are presented with a spatial resolution of 1×1 degree longitude/latitude. First results suggest that, due to the emission control legislation taken in the region, SO2 emissions would only grow by about 46 percent until 2030. Emissions of NOx and VOC may increase by 95 and 65 percent, respectively, mainly driven by the expected increase in road traffic volume. Ammonia, mainly emitted from agriculture, is projected to double by 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Ammonia
KW  - East Asia
KW  - emission inventory
KW  - emission projections
KW  - NH
KW  - NH3
KW  - NO
KW  - NOx
KW  - SO
KW  - SO2
KW  - VOC
N1  - Accession Number: 16603526; Klimont, Z. 1; Email Address: klimont@iiasa.ac.at; Cofala, J. 1; Schöpp, W. 1; Amann, M. 1; Streets, D. G. 2; Ichikawa, Y. 3; Fujita, S. 3; Affiliations: 1 : International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.; 2 : Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; 3 : Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Tokyo, Japan.;  Source Info: Aug2001, Vol. 130 Issue 1-4, p193; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Ammonia; Subject: East Asia; Author-Supplied Keyword: emission inventory; Author-Supplied Keyword: emission projections; Author-Supplied Keyword: NH; Author-Supplied Keyword: NH3; Author-Supplied Keyword: NO; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: SO; Author-Supplied Keyword: SO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOC; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106907519
T1  - Trends in technology and the future intensive care unit.
AU  - Craft RL
Y1  - 2001/08/02/2001 Aug Suppl
N1  - Accession Number: 106907519. Language: English. Entry Date: 20020315. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; tables/charts. Supplement Title: 2001 Aug Suppl. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0355501. 
KW  - Medical Informatics -- Trends
KW  - Intensive Care Units -- Trends
KW  - Electronics -- Trends
KW  - Computer Communication Networks
KW  - Intensive Care Units -- Administration
KW  - Software
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Systems Integration
KW  - Information Technology -- Trends
SP  - N151
EP  - 8
JO  - Critical Care Medicine
JF  - Critical Care Medicine
JA  - CRIT CARE MED
VL  - 29
IS  - 8
CY  - Baltimore, Maryland
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
SN  - 0090-3493
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
U2  - PMID: 11496037.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reese, C. Shane
AU  - Calvin, James A.
AU  - George, John C.
AU  - Tarpley, Raymond J.
T1  - Estimation of Fetal Growth and Gestation in Bowhead Whales.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 96
IS  - 455
M3  - Article
SP  - 915
EP  - 923
SN  - 01621459
AB  - We address estimating fetal growth and gestation for bowhead whales of the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort seas stock. This population is subject to a subsistence hunt by Eskimo whale hunters, which is monitored via a quota system established by the International Whaling Commission. Quota determination is assisted by biological information, such as fetal growth and gestation, which is the basis of a population dynamics model used to estimate the annual replacement yield of the stock. We developed a Bayesian hierarchical nonlinear model for fetal growth with computation carried out via Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. Our model allows for unique conception and parturition dates and provides predictive distributions for gestation length and conception dates. These results are used to propose estimates of geographic locations for conception and parturition. A sensitivity analysis indicated caution when specifying some hyperparameters related to growth rate, conception dates, and parturition dates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - STATISTICAL decision making
KW  - FISHERIES
KW  - MARKOV processes
KW  - BOWHEAD whale
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - Bayes theorem
KW  - Hierarchical models
KW  - Markov chain Monte Carlo
KW  - Random curves
N1  - Accession Number: 5162560; Reese, C. Shane 1; Calvin, James A. 2; George, John C. 3; Tarpley, Raymond J. 4; Affiliations: 1: Technical Staff Member, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.; 2: Professor of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station.; 3: Wildlife Biologist, North Slope Borough, Department of Wildlife Management, Barrow, AK.; 4: Associate Professor of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station.; Issue Info: Sep2001, Vol. 96 Issue 455, p915; Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICAL decision making; Thesaurus Term: FISHERIES; Thesaurus Term: MARKOV processes; Subject Term: BOWHEAD whale; Subject Term: PREGNANCY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayes theorem; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hierarchical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chain Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random curves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 5 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gisser, Micha
AU  - Allen, Mark S.
AD  - U NM
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
T1  - One Monopoly Is Better than Two: Antitrust Policy and Microsoft
JO  - Review of Industrial Organization
JF  - Review of Industrial Organization
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
SP  - 211
EP  - 225
SN  - 0889938X
N1  - Accession Number: 0583084; Keywords: Monopoly; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200110
N2  - The Department of Justice's recent case against Microsoft is that it should not be allowed to aggressively maintain control over the internet browser market with the objective of preventing the internet from becoming the platform that could ultimately destroy Microsoft's operating system market. The aim of this paper is not to attack the Department of Justice case. Rather, it is to argue that for consumers one monopoly dominating both the operating system and applications is better than two separate monopolies. In our model we integrate Cournot's theory of two goods that are jointly used in the production of a third composite good with the fixed-proportion model. Utilizing our model we develop a possible explanation for Microsoft's actions--protection of its monopoly profits in the operating systems package market. Additionally we show that the price of the final product is lower if one firm monopolizes all markets. Consequently, the ordered split-up of Microsoft by Judge Thomas P. Jackson, aiming at creating two separate companies, one that will produce the windows and the other the operating systems, will harm consumers.
KW  - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices          L41
KW  - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software          L86
KW  - Antitrust Law          K21
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11151
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UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11151
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chou, Charissa J.
AU  - O'Brien, Robert F.
AU  - Brent Barnett, D.
T1  - Application of Intrawell Testing of RCRA Groundwater Monitoring Data When No Upgradient Well Exists.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2001/09/05/
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 106
SN  - 01676369
AB  - A statistical quality control approach to detect changes in groundwater quality from a regulated waste unit is described. The approach applies the combined Shewhart-CUSUM control chart methodology for intrawell comparison of analyte concentrations over time and does not require an upgradient well. A case study from the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site is used for illustration purposes. This method is broadly applicable in groundwater monitoring programs where there is no clearly defined upgradient location, the groundwater flow rate is exceptionally slow, or where a high degree of spatial variability exists in parameter concentrations. This study also indicates that the use of the Data Quality Objectives (DQO) process can assist in designing an efficient and cost-effective groundwater monitoring plan to achieve the optimum goal of both low false positive and low false negative rates (high power). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Methodology
KW  - United States
KW  - combined Shewhart—CUSUM control chart
KW  - combined Shewhart-CUSUM control chart
KW  - groundwater monitoring
KW  - RCRA
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 16656005; Chou, Charissa J. 1; O'Brien, Robert F. 1; Brent Barnett, D. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Sep2001, Vol. 71 Issue 1, p91; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Subject Term: Quality control; Subject Term: Methodology; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined Shewhart—CUSUM control chart; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined Shewhart-CUSUM control chart; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: RCRA; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Getov, Vladimir
AU  - Laszewski, Gregor Von
AU  - Philippsen, Michael
AU  - Foster, Ian
T1  - MULTIPARADIGM COMMUNICATIONS IN JAVA FOR GRID COMPUTING.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 44
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 125
PB  - Association for Computing Machinery
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article discusses the utility of multiparadigm communications in Java programming language for grid computing. The computational science community has long been at the forefront of advanced computing, due to its need to solve problems requiring resources beyond those provided by the most powerful computers. More recently, the widespread availability of high-speed networks and the growing awareness of the new problem solving modalities made possible when these networks are used to couple geographically distributed resources have stimulated interest in so called grid computing. Besides making these communication paradigms available and efficient in Java, further advances are needed to realize the full potential of emerging grids in which users deal with heterogeneous systems, diverse programming paradigms and the needs of multiple user communities. Advanced applications like those in science and engineering can require multiple communication abstractions, ranging from message passing to remote method invocation and component frameworks.  INSETS: Java Grande.;10 Reasons to Use Java in Grid Computing.;Components and JavaBeans..
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - JAVA (Computer program language)
KW  - MULTIPARADIGM programming (Computer science)
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems)
N1  - Accession Number: 11934661; Getov, Vladimir 1,2; Email Address: V.S.Getov@wmin.ac.uk; Laszewski, Gregor Von 3; Email Address: gregor@mcs.anl.gov; Philippsen, Michael 4; Email Address: michael@philippsen.com; Foster, Ian 5; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Professor of Distributed and High-Performance Computing in the School of Computer Science, University of West Minister in London, U.K..; 2: Visiting Scientist, Computer and Computational Sciences Division of Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico.; 3: Assistant Scientist, Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory and a fellow, Computation Institute of Univeristy of Chicago, IL.; 4: Senior Researcher in Computer Science Department, University of Karlsruhe, Germany.; 5: Senior Scientist and Associate Director, Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory and Professor of Computer Science in University of Chicago, IL.; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 44 Issue 10, p118; Thesaurus Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Thesaurus Term: HIGH performance computing; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: JAVA (Computer program language); Subject Term: MULTIPARADIGM programming (Computer science); Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems); NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/383845.383872
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gower, S. T.
AU  - Krankina, O.
AU  - Olson, R. J.
AU  - Apps, M.
AU  - Linder, S.
AU  - Wang, C.
T1  - NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION AND CARBON ALLOCATION PATTERNS OF BOREAL FOREST ECOSYSTEMS.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1395
EP  - 1411
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study which examines the net primary production (NPP) and carbon allocation patterns for boreal forests, the relationship between climatic and biological variables and NPP, and carbon allocation coefficients for all boreal forests. It describes the number and spatial coverage of boreal forest NPP data to evaluate estimates from ecosystem models. Also noted are the deficiencies of boreal forest NPP data including ground layer vegetation and belowground NPP.
KW  - Taigas
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - Forests & forestry -- Northern Hemisphere
KW  - aboveground net primary production
KW  - belowground net primary production
KW  - boreal forests
KW  - carbon allocation
KW  - litter production
KW  - net primary production
N1  - Accession Number: 112065302; Gower, S. T. 1; Krankina, O. 2; Olson, R. J. 3; Apps, M. 4; Linder, S. 5; Wang, C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Forest Ecology and Management, 1630 Linden Drive, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 USA; 2 : Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA; 3 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6407 USA; 4 : Forestry Canada, Edmonton, Alberta T6H 3S5 Canada; 5 : Department for Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;  Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1395; Thesaurus Term: Taigas; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Ecosystems; Subject Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Subject Term: Forests & forestry -- Northern Hemisphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: aboveground net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: belowground net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: boreal forests; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: litter production; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary production; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1395:NPPACA]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paunesku, T.
AU  - Mittal, S.
AU  - Protić, M.
AU  - Oryhon, J.
AU  - Korolev, S. V.
AU  - Joachimiak, A.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
T1  - Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA): ringmaster of the genome.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 77
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1007
EP  - 1021
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein is one of the central molecules responsible for decisions of life and death of the cell. The PCNA gene is induced by p53, while PCNA protein interacts with p53-controlled proteins Gadd45, MyD118, CR6 and, most importantly, p21, in the process of deciding cell fate. If PCNA protein is present in abundance in the cell in the absence of p53, DNA replication occurs. On the other hand, if PCNA protein levels are high in the cell in the presence of p53, DNA repair takes place. If PCNA is rendered non-functional or is absent or present in low quantities in the cell, apoptosis occurs. The evolution from prokaryotes to eukaryotes involved a change of function of PCNA from a 'simple' sliding clamp protein of the DNA polymerase complex to an executive molecule controlling critical cellular decision pathways. The evolution of multicellular organisms led to the development of multicellular processes such as differentiation, senescence and apoptosis. PCNA, already an essential molecule in the life of single cellular organisms, then became a protein critical for the survival of multicellular organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - CELL death
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - DNA damage
N1  - Accession Number: 5425453; Paunesku, T. 1; Mittal, S. 1; Protić, M. 1; Oryhon, J. 1; Korolev, S. V. 1; Joachimiak, A. 1; Woloschak, G. E. 1; Source Information: Oct2001, Vol. 77 Issue 10, p1007; Subject: ANTIGENS; Subject: CELL cycle; Subject: CELL death; Subject: DNA replication; Subject: DNA damage; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000110069335
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, Sujit
AU  - Schmoyer, Rick
AU  - Harrison, Glen
AU  - Hausker, Karl
T1  - Prospects of Inspection and Maintenance of Two-Wheelers in India.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 51
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1391
EP  - 1400
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Two-wheeler vehicles in Delhi, India--roughly 70% of the total vehicle fleet--are responsible for a significant portion of the city's vehicle emissions and petroleum consumption. An inspection and maintenance (I/M) program that ensures vehicle emission control systems are well maintained can complement other emission reduction strategies. This paper presents the initial findings of extensive data collected on vehicle characteristics and emissions for two-wheeler vehicles operating in Delhi in a series of I/M camps conducted by the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers and various partners in late 1999. The analysis shows idle HC and CO emissions [measured in terms of parts per million (ppm) and volume % (vol %), respectively] in a slow declining trend with subsequent model years, reflecting tighter emission standards and more advanced emission technologies. The I/M benefits--3 vol % and 39% reduction in idle and mass CO, respectively; 40 vol % and 22% reduction in idle and mass HC, respectively; and a 10-20% increase in fuel efficiency--were higher than those reported in the literature. Although these benefits are substantial, any implementation strategy needs to consider cost-effectiveness. In the present study, only 10% of vehicles--contributing 22% of the total vehicle emissions--failed the idle CO standard. Fleet emissions data variability necessitates a large sample size to develop a baseline for the vehicle fleet, but a smaller, scientifically designed sample and better data collection quality could periodically track the benefits at future camps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Pollution control equipment
KW  - Delhi (India)
KW  - India
N1  - Accession Number: 12252935; Das, Sujit 1; Email Address: dasa@orni.gov; Schmoyer, Rick 1; Harrison, Glen 1; Hausker, Karl 2; Affiliations: 1 : Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2 : PA Consulting Group, Arlington, Virginia;  Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 51 Issue 10, p1391; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollution control equipment; Subject: Delhi (India); Subject: India; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srivastava, Ravi K.
AU  - Sedman, Charles B.
AU  - Kilgroe, James D.
AU  - Smith, Dennis
AU  - Renninger, Scott
T1  - Preliminary Estimates of Performance and Cost of Mercury Control Technology Applications on Electric Utility Boilers.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 51
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1460
EP  - 1470
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Under the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) determined that regulation of mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants is appropriate and necessary. To aid in this determination, preliminary estimates of the performance and cost of powdered activated carbon (PAC) injection-based mercury control technologies were developed. This paper presents these estimates and develops projections of costs for future applications. Cost estimates were developed using PAC to achieve a minimum of 80% mercury removal at plants using electrostatic precipitators and a minimum of 90% removal at plants using fabric filters. These estimates ranged from 0.305 to 3.783 mills/kWh. However, the higher costs were associated with a minority of plants using hot-side electrostatic precipitators (HESPs). If these costs are excluded, the estimates range from 0.305 to 1.915 mills/kWh. Cost projections developed using a composite lime-PAC sorbent for mercury removal ranged from 0.183 to 2.270 mills/kWh, with the higher costs being associated with a minority of plants that used HESPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Coal-fired power plants
KW  - Pollution -- Law & legislation
N1  - Accession Number: 12252944; Srivastava, Ravi K. 1; Sedman, Charles B. 1; Kilgroe, James D. 1; Smith, Dennis 2; Renninger, Scott 2; Affiliations: 1 : Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 2 : National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;  Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 51 Issue 10, p1460; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Coal-fired power plants; Thesaurus Term: Pollution -- Law & legislation; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 10 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guttikunda, Sarath K.
AU  - Thongboonchoo, Narisara
AU  - Arndt, Richard L.
AU  - Calori, Giuseppe
AU  - Carmichael, Gregory R.
AU  - Streets, David G.
T1  - Sulfur Deposition in Asia: Seasonal Behavior and Contributions from Various Energy Sectors.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 131
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
EP  - 406
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Sulfur transport and deposition in Asia, on an annual and seasonal basis, is analyzed using the ATMOS model. Calculations are performed for two complete years (1990 and 1995). Deposition amounts in excess of 0.5 g S m-2 yr-1 are estimated for large regions in Asia, with values as high as 10 g S m-2 yr-1 in southeastern China. Annual averaged SO2 concentrations in excess of 20 μg SO2 m-3 are calculated for many urban and suburban areas of eastern China and S. Korea, with an average of 5 μg SO2 m-3 over most of the emitter regions. Sulfur deposition by major source categories is also studied. Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore) receives ∼25% of its sulfur deposition from shipping activities. Sulfur deposition from bio-fuel burning is significant for most of the underdeveloped regions in Asia. Volcanoes are a major source of sulfur emissions in the Pacific Ocean, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and Southern Japan. Sulfur deposition is shown to vary significantly throughout the year. The monsoons are found to be the largest factor controlling sulfur transport and deposition in the Indian sub-continent and Southeast Asia. India receives over 35% of its total deposition during the summer months. In East Asia, sulfur deposition is estimated to be 10% higher during summer and fall than winter and spring. Model results are compared with observations from a number of monitoring networks in Asia and are found to be generally consistent with the limited observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy industries
KW  - Sulfur
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Papua New Guinea
KW  - South Asia
KW  - annual sulfur deposition
KW  - asia
KW  - long range transport
KW  - seasonal sulfur deposition
KW  - sectoral analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 16603590; Guttikunda, Sarath K. 1; Thongboonchoo, Narisara 1; Arndt, Richard L. 1; Calori, Giuseppe 1; Carmichael, Gregory R. 1; Email Address: gcarmich@engineering.uiowa.edu; Streets, David G. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, U.S.A.; 2 : Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700, South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 131 Issue 1-4, p383; Thesaurus Term: Energy industries; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; Subject: Indonesia; Subject: Papua New Guinea; Subject: South Asia; Author-Supplied Keyword: annual sulfur deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: asia; Author-Supplied Keyword: long range transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: seasonal sulfur deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: sectoral analysis; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kajava, Andrey V.
AU  - Cheng, Naiqian
AU  - Cleaver, Ryan
AU  - Kessel, Martin
AU  - Simon, Martha N.
AU  - Willery, Eve
AU  - Jacob-Dubuisson, Francoise
AU  - Locht, Camille
AU  - Steven, Alasdair C.
T1  - Beta-helix model for the filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin of Bordetella pertussis and related bacterial secretory proteins.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/10/15/
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 292
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Bordetella pertussis establishes infection by attaching to epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. One of its adhesins is filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA), a 500-Å-long secreted protein that is rich in β-structure and contains two regions, R1 and R2, of tandem 19-residue repeats. Two models have been proposed in which the central shaft is (i) a hairpin made up of a pairing of two long antiparallel β-sheets; or (ii) a β-helix in which the polypeptide chain is coiled to form three long parallel β-sheets. We have analysed a truncated variant of FHA by electron microscopy (negative staining, shadowing and scanning transmission electron microscopy of unstained specimens): these observations support the latter model. Further support comes from detailed sequence analysis and molecular modelling studies. We applied a profile search method to the sequences adjacent to and between R1 and R2 and found additional ‘covert’ copies of the same motifs that may be recognized in overt form in the R1 and R2 sequence repeats. Their total number is sufficient to support the tenet of the β-helix model that the shaft domain – a 350 Å rod – should consist of a continuous run of these motifs, apart from loop inserts. The N-terminus, which does not contain such repeats, was found to be weakly homologous to cyclodextrin transferase, a protein of known immunoglobulin-like structure. Drawing on crystal structures of known β-helical proteins, we developed structural models of the coil motifs putatively formed by the R1 and R2 repeats. Finally, we applied the same profile search method to the sequence database and found several other proteins – all large secreted proteins of bacterial provenance – that have similar repeats and probably also similar structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WHOOPING cough
KW  - FILAMENTOUS fungi
N1  - Accession Number: 6007388; Kajava, Andrey V. 1; Cheng, Naiqian 2; Cleaver, Ryan 2; Kessel, Martin 2; Simon, Martha N. 3; Willery, Eve 4; Jacob-Dubuisson, Francoise 4; Locht, Camille 4; Steven, Alasdair C. 2; Source Information: Oct2001, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p279; Subject: WHOOPING cough; Subject: FILAMENTOUS fungi; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 14 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02598.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106935089
T1  - Antioxidants and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: unresolved issues.
AU  - Tribble DL
Y1  - 2001/11//2001 Nov
N1  - Accession Number: 106935089. Language: English. Entry Date: 20020628. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; review. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Europe; Peer Reviewed; UK & Ireland. NLM UID: 9011445. 
KW  - Antioxidants -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Arteriosclerosis -- Prevention and Control
SP  - 541
EP  - 546
JO  - Coronary Artery Disease
JF  - Coronary Artery Disease
JA  - CORONARY ARTERY DIS
VL  - 12
IS  - 7
CY  - Baltimore, Maryland
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
SN  - 0954-6928
AD  - Dept of Molecular and Nuclear Medicine, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; diane_tribble@merck.com
U2  - PMID: 11714993.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yun-Juan Chang
AU  - Hussain, A. K. M. Anwar
AU  - Stephen, John R.
AU  - Mullen, Mike D.
AU  - White, David C.
AU  - Peacock, Aaron
T1  - IMPACT OF HERBICIDES ON THE ABUNDANCE AND STRUCTURE OF INDIGENOUS β-SUBGROUP AMMONIA-OXIDIZER COMMUNITIES IN SOIL MICROCOSMS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2462
EP  - 2468
SN  - 07307268
AB  - In this study, mixtures of five herbicide-formulated products (atrazine, dicamba, fluometuron, metolachlor, and sulfen-trazone) were applied to soil microcosm columns in increasing concentrations. The toxic impact of herbicides on the indigenous β-subclass Proteobacteria autotrophic ammonia-oxidizer (β-AAO) community was assessed. The β-AAO population abundances were estimated by competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the gene amoA, encoding the a-subunit of ammonia monooxygenase. Community structure was examined by PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis targeting 16S rDNA with band excision and sequence analysis, and by analysis of amoA gene fragment clone libraries. The 16S rDNA analyses showed that a single ribotype of Nitrosospira cluster 3 was the dominant β-AAO in all treatments. At a finer scale, amoA clone library analysis suggested a shift in community structure corresponding to the 100-ppm application. Competitive PCR indicated significant differences between treatments. The control exhibited relatively stable population abundance over the time period examined. The 10-ppm treatment induced a population increase, but a significant decrease was induced by the 100-ppm application. At 1,000 ppm, the ammonia-oxidizer population dropped below the method detection limit by the first sampling point. An impact on ammonia oxidizers resulting from the application of herbicides was observed, both in abundance and community structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Atrazine
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - 16S rDNA
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Herbicide
KW  - Nitrosospira
KW  - Population analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15900195; Yun-Juan Chang 1; Email Address: ychang1@utk.edu; Hussain, A. K. M. Anwar 1; Stephen, John R. 2; Mullen, Mike D. 3; White, David C. 1,4; Peacock, Aaron 5; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2575, USA; 2 : Crop and Weed Science, Horticulture Research International, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF, United Kingdom; 3 : Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2575, USA; 4 : Biological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; 5 : Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2575, USA;  Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 20 Issue 11, p2462; Thesaurus Term: Herbicides; Thesaurus Term: Atrazine; Thesaurus Term: Bacteria; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: Polymerase chain reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16S rDNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioavailability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Herbicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrosospira; Author-Supplied Keyword: Population analysis; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, Rebecca A.
AU  - Sample, Bradley E.
AU  - Suter II., Glenn W.
T1  - UPTAKE OF INORGANIC CHEMICALS FROM SOIL BY PLANT LEAVES: REGRESSIONS OF FIELD DATA.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2561
EP  - 2571
SN  - 07307268
AB  - The estimation of chemical concentrations in wildlife foods, such as plant foliage, is often performed for risk assessments at contaminated sites. Regression models and uptake factors for use in estimating the uptake of inorganic elements from soil by above-ground plant tissues were derived in this study. These included models for arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, and zinc. Models were developed using published data from soil contaminated in the field and were validated using measured concentrations from two contaminated sites. Single-variable regression models of log-transformed concentrations in plants versus log-transformed concentrations in soil are generally recommended over simple uptake factors for use in estimating plant uptake of inorganic contaminants in ecological risk assessments. Multiple regression models with soil concentration and pH as the variables are also recommended for estimating the uptake of four chemicals (cadmium, mercury, selenium, and zinc) by plants. Models for use in screening risk assessments, i.e., the upper 95% prediction limits on the regressions, are recommended to provide conservative estimates of uptake of inorganic chemicals by plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Hazardous waste sites
KW  - Inorganic compounds
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Metal
KW  - Plant uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 15900208; Efroymson, Rebecca A. 1; Email Address: efroymsonra@ornl.gov; Sample, Bradley E. 1; Suter II., Glenn W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA;  Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 20 Issue 11, p2561; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous waste sites; Thesaurus Term: Inorganic compounds; Subject Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Regression analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioaccumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plant uptake; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106931510
T1  - Miniaturization of sample processing for bioassays.
AU  - Mariella R Jr.
Y1  - 2001/11//2001 Nov
N1  - Accession Number: 106931510. Language: English. Entry Date: 20020614. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. 
KW  - Biochips
KW  - Immunoassay
KW  - Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
KW  - Equipment Design
KW  - Equipment Reliability
KW  - Electrophoresis -- Methods
SP  - 54
EP  - 58
JO  - JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JF  - JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JA  - JALA
VL  - 6
IS  - 5
CY  - New York, New York
PB  - Elsevier Science
AB  - LLNL has recently licensed its hand-held advanced nucleicacid analyzer, the HANAA, for commercial development. This (as is characteristic of other miniaturized, portable diagnostic instruments being developed around the world) typically still requires manual sample handling and preparation by skilled operators. Dielectrophoretic and acoustic manipulation of fluids and particles are techniques that have shown good promise to reduce the demands on manual sample preparation both for miniature and for table-top instrumentation.
SN  - 1535-5535
AD  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore CA 94551, Mariella1@LLNL.gov
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Watson, John G.
AU  - Chow, Judith C.
AU  - Edgerton, Sylvia A.
T1  - A Special Issue from the NARSTO Symposium on Tropospheric Aerosols.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 51
IS  - 11
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1506
EP  - 1507
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Discusses the peer-reviewed scientific papers published in the November 2001 issue of the "Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association" presented at the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Symposium on Tropospheric Aerosols: Science and Decisions in an International Community, held October 24-26, 2000, in Querétaro, Mexico.  Range of interests covered by the symposium presentations;  Importance of the NARSTO symposium; Major field studies that affiliated themselves with NARSTO.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Research
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Peer review (Professional performance)
KW  - Associations, institutions, etc.
N1  - Accession Number: 12147727; Watson, John G. 1; Chow, Judith C. 1; Edgerton, Sylvia A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Desert Research Institute; 2 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory;  Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 51 Issue 11, p1506; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Subject Term: Research; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Peer review (Professional performance); Subject Term: Associations, institutions, etc.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106935023
T1  - The successful transformation to the digital library.
AU  - Stack JM
Y1  - 2001/11//2001 Nov
N1  - Accession Number: 106935023. Language: English. Entry Date: 20020628. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article. Journal Subset: Computer/Information Science; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0404070. 
KW  - Libraries, Electronic
KW  - Libraries, Special -- Administration
KW  - Library Services -- Administration
SP  - 133
EP  - 137
JO  - NFAIS Newsletter
JF  - NFAIS Newsletter
JA  - NFAIS NEWSL
VL  - 43
IS  - 11
PB  - National Federation of Abstracting & Information Services
SN  - 0090-0893
AD  - Associate Library Director, Research Library, Los Alamos National Laboratory
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cort, John R.
AU  - Mariappan, S. V. Santhana
AU  - Kim, Chang-Yub
AU  - Park, Min S.
AU  - Peat, Thomas S.
AU  - Waldo, Geoffrey S.
AU  - Terwilliger, Thomas C.
AU  - Kennedy, Michael A.
T1  - Solution structure of Pyrobaculum aerophilum DsrC, an archaeal homologue of the gamma subunit of dissimilatory sulfite reductase.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2001/11/15/
VL  - 268
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5842
EP  - 5850
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The solution structure of DsrC, an archaeal homologue of the γ subunit of dissimilatory sulfite reductase, has been determined by NMR spectroscopy. This 12.7-kDa protein from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum adopts a novel fold consisting of an orthogonal helical bundle with a β hairpin along one side. A portion of the structure resembles the helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif common in transcriptional regulator proteins. The protein contains two disulfide bonds but remains folded following reduction of the disulfides. DsrC proteins from organisms other than Pyrobaculum species do not contain these disulfide bonds. A conserved cysteine next to the C-terminus, which is not involved in the disulfide bonds, is located on a seven-residue C-terminal arm that is not part of the globular protein and is likely to dynamically sample more than one conformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - Dissimilatory sulfite reductase
KW  - DSRC
KW  - helix-turn-helix
KW  - NMR
KW  - Pyrobaculum aerophilum
N1  - Accession Number: 6031704; Cort, John R. 1; Mariappan, S. V. Santhana 2; Kim, Chang-Yub 2; Park, Min S. 2; Peat, Thomas S. 2; Waldo, Geoffrey S. 2; Terwilliger, Thomas C. 2; Kennedy, Michael A. 1; Source Information: Nov2001, Vol. 268 Issue 22, p5842; Subject: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Subject: PROTEINS; Subject: CHEMICAL structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissimilatory sulfite reductase; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSRC; Author-Supplied Keyword: helix-turn-helix; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrobaculum aerophilum; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02529.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lacks, Sanford A.
AU  - Greenberg, Bill
T1  - Constitutive competence for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae caused by mutation of a transmembrane histidine kinase.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/11/15/
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1035
EP  - 1045
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Competence for DNA uptake and genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae is regulated by a quorum-sensing system. A competence-stimulating polypeptide (CSP) is secreted by the bacteria and acts back on the cells via a transmembrane histidine kinase. This enzyme phosphorylates a response regulator that activates synthesis of a SigH-like protein. The new sigma factor enables expression of a set of proteins transcribed from a novel promoter. A mutation called trt had been found that circumvented this regulation. The mutant cells are constitutively competent; that is, they can be transformed at low cell densities, in the presence of proteases that attack CSP, or during growth at low pH. In this work, cells containing trt were shown to be competent even in the presence of a comAB mutation that blocks secretion of CSP. The trt mutation was localized to comD, the gene encoding the transmembrane histidine kinase. A DNA segment of the trt mutant corresponding to comCDE was cloned, and it was shown to contain the trt mutation by its ability to confer constitutive competence. A two-step assay, which was based on transfer of trt to a wild strain and screening for transformability in the presence of trypsin, served to locate the trt mutation precisely. It corresponds to a GC→AT transition, which changes Asp299 in the histidine kinase to Asn. This alteration in the carboxyl terminal half of the protein, which is cytoplasmically located and contains the phosphorylase activity, presumably alters the enzyme conformation so that it is permanently activated, independent of signals from the transmembrane domain. These results may help illuminate the mechanism by which external signals affect kinase action in two-component regulatory systems, and they may be of practical value in facilitating genetic studies by rendering pneumococcal strains permanently competent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae
KW  - DNA
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 6007359; Lacks, Sanford A.; Greenberg, Bill 1; Source Information: Nov2001, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p1035; Subject: STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae; Subject: DNA; Subject: MUTATION (Biology); Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02697.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Machado, Giovani
AU  - Schaeffer, Roberto
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
AD  - Federal U Rio de Janeiro
AD  - Federal U Rio de Janeiro
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
T1  - Energy and Carbon Embodied in the International Trade of Brazil: An Input-output Approach
JO  - Ecological Economics
JF  - Ecological Economics
Y1  - 2001/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
SP  - 409
EP  - 424
SN  - 09218009
N1  - Accession Number: 0596687; Keywords: Input Output;  International Trade;  Trade; Geographic Descriptors: Brazil; Geographic Region: Latin America and the Caribbean; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200203
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q21
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
KW  - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations          O19
KW  - Empirical Studies of Trade          F14
KW  - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: Input-Output Tables and Analysis          D57
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218009
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UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218009
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGee, David R.
AU  - Pavel, Misha
AU  - Cohen, Philip R.
T1  - Context Shifts: Extending the Meanings of Physical Objects With Language.
JO  - Human-Computer Interaction
JF  - Human-Computer Interaction
Y1  - 2001/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
EP  - 362
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07370024
AB  - The influence that language has on contextual interpretations cannot be ignored by computer systems that strive to be context aware. Rather, once systems are designed to perceive language and other forms of human action, these interpretative processes will of necessity be context dependent. As an example, we illustrate how people simply and naturally create new contexts by naming and referring. We then describe Rasa, a mixed-reality system that observes and understands how users in a military command post create such contexts as part of the process of maintaining situational awareness. In such environments, commander's maps are covered with Post-it(r) notes. These paper artifacts are contextually transformed to represent units in the field by the application of multimodal language. Rasa understands this language, thereby allowing paper- based tools to become the basis for digital interaction. Finally, we argue that architectures for such context-aware systems will need to be built to process the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty of human input in order to be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human-Computer Interaction is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - HUMAN-computer interaction
KW  - LANGUAGE & languages
KW  - CONTEXT effects (Psychology)
N1  - Accession Number: 6185901; McGee, David R. 1; Pavel, Misha 2; Cohen, Philip R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 2: Oregon Health & Science University; Issue Info: Dec2001, Vol. 16 Issue 2-4, p351; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: HUMAN-computer interaction; Subject Term: LANGUAGE & languages; Subject Term: CONTEXT effects (Psychology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4517
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fair, J. M.
AU  - Ricklefs, R. E.
T1  - Physiological, Growth, and Immune Responses of Japanese Quail Chicks to the Multiple Stressors of Immunological Challenge and Lead Shot.
JO  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 87
SN  - 00904341
AB  - Exposure to the combination of a contaminant and an immunological challenge during development may greatly increase the impact of either or both of these stressors on an individual. This study investigated the interacting effects of a nonpathogenic immunological challenge and lead shot exposure early in the development of a precocial species. Seventy-one quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks orally received either one #9 lead shot (0.05 g), four lead shots (0.2 g), or no lead at the age of 8 days. A third of each of these groups of chicks were intraperitoneally injected with either 0.075 ml of 10% chukar (Alectoris graeca) red blood cells (CRBCs), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), or a placebo oil vaccine at 13 and 35 days of age. There was no difference in the survival between any of the lead or antigen treatment groups. Lead concentrations in blood were greater for the lead-dosed groups on day 49 but not on day 128. Growth curves were approximated by Weibull functions; growth parameters did not differ between lead-treated and antigen-treated birds. CRBC antigen increases fluctuating asymmetry (FA) for primary feather five, while NDV reduced FA. Lead did not affect antibody production or cell-mediated immune response. White blood cell numbers increased 7 days after antigen injection on days 27 and 49 of age. Granulocyte numbers were significantly higher for the lead-treated quail than the control quail, and both antigen-treated groups had lower granulocyte numbers than control quail. The treatment groups of combining NDV and lead shot had an average plasma protein 14% lower than other groups. Lead shot in the highest of these doses lowered asymptotic weights, increased hematocrits, lowered plasma protein, and increased granulocyte numbers of quail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Newcastle disease virus
KW  - Quails
KW  - Examination of the blood
KW  - Chickens
KW  - Erythrocytes
KW  - Preventive medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 16654283; Fair, J. M. 1,2; Email Address: jmfair@lanl.gov; Ricklefs, R. E. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Environmental Dynamics and Spatial Analysis, EES-10, MS J495, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; 2 : University of Missouri-St. Louis, Department of Biology, 8001 Natural Bridge, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA.;  Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: Newcastle disease virus; Subject Term: Quails; Subject Term: Examination of the blood; Subject Term: Chickens; Subject Term: Erythrocytes; Subject Term: Preventive medicine; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002440010294
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milligan, Michael R.
AD  - National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO
T1  - Analytic Assessments of the Economics, Reliability, and Operating Impacts of Wind Power Plants
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 22
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0730923; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200406
N2  - This paper summarizes a number of projects undertaken at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) that focus on the analysis and modeling of large-scale wind generation. The findings indicate that wind power plants can provide significant economic benefits to the generating system. Potential problems caused by the intermittency of a wind plant can be significantly reduced by accurate wind forecasting, geographic dispersion of turbines within a plant, as well as disperse wind-generating facilities. Wind plants do not require significant backup facilities because risk-analysis techniques assess the risk of system failure on a system-wide basis.
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
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UR  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, G. A.
AU  - Molburg, J. C.
AU  - Cavallo, J. D.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Estimates of Learning by Doing in the Manufacture of Electric Power Gas Turbines
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
SP  - 85
EP  - 99
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0628139; Keywords: Manufactures;  Production; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200212
N2  - This paper investigates LBD in prices and heat rates of gas turbines. We test whether the LBD spills over from production experience with smaller units. Progress ratios range from 0.83 to 0.95 for price and 0.89 to 0.94 for the heat rate. We do not find that learning spills over from the smaller size class. Since lower heat rates have an upward effect on price, the two learning effects offset one another so that the reduced form of experience on price is not significantly different from zero. The net result is that LBD has a large effect, but does not result in lower prices per se. The effects of cumulative experience are simultaneous increases in the performance, which tends to increase the value hence the price, and reductions in production costs, which allow the better unit to be sold for roughly the same price as the newer unit.
KW  - Other Machinery; Business Equipment; Armaments          L64
KW  - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity          D24
KW  - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives          O31
KW  - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D          O32
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Organization of Production          L23
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
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UR  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schweitzer, Martin
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Dept of Energy
T1  - Quantifying the Outputs of the State Energy Program: The Enumeration Indicators Approach
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 2002///
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
SP  - 140
EP  - 156
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0628142 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Energy Conservation;  Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200212
N2  - Under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), staff at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a set of Enumeration Indicators to quantify key accomplishments of the State Energy Program (SEP), which sponsors a wide variety of state-operated energy conservation and renewable energy activities throughout the country. The broad range of SEP activities was divided into 21 key "program areas," each of which describes a related set of energy-conserving efforts. A number of Indicators were identified for each program area to provide a clear description of SEP accomplishments for that topic. Together, the full set of Enumeration Indicators allows the major outputs of the State Energy Program to be quantified in a way that is consistent over time and across state boundaries.
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
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UR  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Bradbury, Judith
AU  - Rayner, Steve
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, CA
AD  - Columbia U
A2  - Abaza, Hussein
A2  - Baranzini, Andrea
T1  - Reconciling the Irreconcilable
T2  - Implementing sustainable development: Integrated assessment and participatory decision-making processes
PB  - Cheltenham, U.K. and Northampton, Mass.:
PB  - Elgar for the United Nations Environment Programme; distributed by American International Distribution Corporation, Williston, Vt.
Y1  - 2002///
SP  - 15
EP  - 31
N1  - Accession Number: 0759675; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-84064-913-5; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200501
KW  - Sustainable Development          Q01
KW  - Environmental Economics: General          Q50
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Dong, JH;
AU  - de Almeida, VF;
AU  - Tsouris, C;
T1  - Effects of applied electric fields on drop-interface and drop-drop coalescence
CT  - Effects of applied electric fields on drop-interface and drop-drop coalescence
JO  - Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology (USA)
JF  - Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology (USA)
Y1  - 2002/01/01/
VL  - 23
IS  - Jan
SP  - 155
EP  - 166
SN  - 01932691
AD  - Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA tsourisc@ornl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 39-15405; Language: English; References: 24; Journal Coden: JDTEDS; Section Heading: Pharmaceutics
N2  - In this work, coalescence of a single organic or aqueous drop with its homophase at a horizontal liquid interface was investigated under applied electric fields. The coalescence time was found to decrease for aqueous drops as the applied voltage was increased, regardless of the polarity of the voltage. For organic drops, the coalescence time increased with increasing applied voltage of positive polarity and decreased with increasing applied voltage of negative polarity. Under an electric field, the coalescence time of aqueous drops decreases due to polarization of both the drop and the flat interface. The dependency of organic drop-interface coalescence on the polarity of the electric field may be a result of the negatively charged organic surface in the aqueous phase. Due to the formation of a double layer, organic drops are subjected to an electrostatic force under an electric field, which, depending on the field polarity, can be attractive or repulsive. Pair-drop coalescence of aqueous drops in the organic phase was also studied. Aqueous drop-drop coalescence is facilitated by polarization and drop deformation under applied electric fields. Without applied electric fields, drop deformation increases the drainage time of the liquid film between two approaching drops. Therefore, a decrease in the interfacial tension, which causes drop deformation, accelerates drop-drop coalescence under an electric field and inhibits drop coalescence in the absence of an electric field.
KW  - Electrochemistry--emulsions;
KW  - Particle size--emulsions;
KW  - Liquids--emulsions;
KW  - Polarity--emulsions;
KW  - Emulsions--electrochemistry;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Fridley, David
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
A2  - Wybrew-Bond, Ian
A2  - Stern, Jonathan
T1  - Natural Gas in China
T2  - Natural gas in Asia: The challenge of growth in China, India, Japan and Korea
PB  - Oxford and New York:
PB  - Oxford University Press for the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
Y1  - 2002///
SP  - 5
EP  - 65
N1  - Accession Number: 0764415; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-19-730029-4; Keywords: Gas;  Natural Gas; Geographic Descriptors: China; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200503
KW  - Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities          L95
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Natural Resources; Energy; Environment          P28
KW  - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q31
KW  - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development          Q32
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0764415&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Wilbanks, Thomas J.
AU  - Stern, Paul C.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard U
AD  - National Research Council
A2  - Dietz, Thomas
A2  - Stern, Paul C.
T1  - New Tools for Environmental Protection: What We Know and Need to Know
T2  - New tools for environmental protection: Education, information, and voluntary measures
PB  - Washington, D.C.:
PB  - National Academy Press
Y1  - 2002///
SP  - 337
EP  - 348
N1  - Accession Number: 0734206; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-309-08422-9; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200407
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy          Q28
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Bjornstad, David
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A2  - List, John A.
A2  - de Zeeuw, Aart
T1  - An Experimental Test for Options Value: Relevance for Contingent Value Elicitation
T2  - Recent advances in environmental economics
PB  - New Horizons in Environmental Economics.
PB  - Cheltenham, U.K. and Northampton, Mass.:
PB  - Elgar; distributed by American International Distribution Corporation, Williston, Vt.
Y1  - 2002///
SP  - 340
EP  - 364
N1  - Accession Number: 0763973 Partial authors List; ; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-84376-002-9; ; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200503
KW  - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis          D61
KW  - Valuation of Environmental Effects          Q51
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Wegener, Michael
AU  - Greene, David L.
AD  - Institute of Spatial Planning, U Dortmund
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
A2  - Black, William R.
A2  - Nijkamp, Peter
T1  - Sustainable Transport
T2  - Social change and sustainable transport
PB  - Bloomington:
PB  - Indiana University Press
Y1  - 2002///
SP  - 35
EP  - 41
N1  - Accession Number: 0759918; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-253-34067-5; Keywords: Transport; Geographic Descriptors: Europe; N. America; Geographic Region: Europe; Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200501
KW  - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation          L92
KW  - Transportation Economics: General          R40
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rea, A. W.
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Scherbatskoy, T.
AU  - Keeler, G. J.
T1  - Mercury Accumulation in Foliage over Time in Two Northern Mixed-Hardwood Forests.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 133
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 67
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Concentrations of mercury (Hg) in live foliage increased ten-fold from spring bud break (mean ± std. dev. from both sites: 3.5±1.3 ng g-1) to autumn litterfall (36±8 ng g-1). Mercury in foliage did not behave similarly to eight other elements with known soil or aerosol sources (Aluminum (Al), Vanadium (V), Strontium (Sr), Rubidium (Rb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Barium (Ba), and lead (Pb)), suggesting that Hg originated from a distinct pathway. Based on measured and modeled data, uptake of only 25% of the available ambient dry deposited Hg0 could explain all of the Hg measured in foliage throughout the growing season. Estimates of gaseous elemental Hg (Hg0) uptake from soil water accounted for 3–14%% of the Hg in litterfall. Mercury deposition to forested sites in the Lake Champlain and Lake Huron basins was highest in litterfall (40%), followed by total throughfall (33%), and precipitation (27%). The Hg flux in litterfall was 15.8±1.9~μg m-2 yr-1 to the Lake Champlain Watershed in 1995 and was 11.4±2.8~μg m-2 yr-1 to the Lake Huron Watershed in 1996. In comparison, the Hg fluxes in precipitation and total throughfall were 9.0±0.6 and 11.6±0.7~μg m-2 yr-1 in the Lake Champlain Watershed (1995), and 8.7±0.5 and 10.5±1.0~μg m-2 yr-1 in the Lake Huron Watershed (1996). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Soils
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Buds
KW  - dry deposition
KW  - foliage
KW  - gaseous Hg
KW  - gaseous HgO
KW  - Lake Champlain Watershed
KW  - Lake Huron Watershed
KW  - litterfall
KW  - mercury
KW  - soil water
KW  - trace elements
N1  - Accession Number: 16603657; Rea, A. W. 1; Email Address: Rea.Anne@epa.gov; Lindberg, S. E. 2; Scherbatskoy, T. 3; Keeler, G. J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : University of Michigan Air Quality Laboratory, Ann Arbor MI 48109, U.S.A.; 2 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.; 3 : School of Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 133 Issue 1-4, p49; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Thesaurus Term: Chemicals; Subject Term: Buds; Author-Supplied Keyword: dry deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: foliage; Author-Supplied Keyword: gaseous Hg; Author-Supplied Keyword: gaseous HgO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lake Champlain Watershed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lake Huron Watershed; Author-Supplied Keyword: litterfall; Author-Supplied Keyword: mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil water; Author-Supplied Keyword: trace elements; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Hong
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
T1  - Trends in Dissolved Gaseous Mercury in the Tahquamenon River Watershed and Nearshore Waters of Whitefish Bay in the Michigan Upper Peninsula.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 133
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 391
SN  - 00496979
AB  - A field study was conducted in June of 1998 to characterize the dynamics of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in the Tahquamenon River watershed and nearshore waters of Whitefish Bay in the Upper Michigan Peninsula. We found that over a transect across the watershed, DGM levels increased generally from a creek (mean = ∼12 pg L-1), passing through the watershed, to the nearshore surface waters of the bay (mean = ∼29 pg L-1). DGM levels in nearshore surface waters of the bay ranged from ∼15 to ∼50 pg L-1 and peaked generally around noontime, exhibiting diurnal trends. A significant DGM decline from ∼32 pg L-1 in the early morning to ∼15 pg L-1 during the day was observed in these surface waters following passage of a cold front, probably caused by wind-induced mixing and decrease in solar radiation associated with the frontal passage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Bays
KW  - Tahquamenon River (Mich.)
KW  - Michigan
KW  - air/water exchange
KW  - aquatic ecosystem
KW  - biogeochemical cycling
KW  - heavy metal
KW  - wetlands
N1  - Accession Number: 16603635; Zhang, Hong 1,2; Email Address: 2hz@ornl.gov; Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division (ESD), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, U.S.A.; 2 : Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0117, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 133 Issue 1-4, p381; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Solar radiation; Subject Term: Bays; Subject: Tahquamenon River (Mich.); Subject: Michigan; Author-Supplied Keyword: air/water exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: aquatic ecosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogeochemical cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetlands; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wickham, James D.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
AU  - Smith, Elizabeth R.
AU  - Wade, Timothy G.
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
T1  - GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING OF INCREASES IN NUTRIENT EXPORT DUE TO FUTURE URBANIZATION.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 106
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study which describes the ecological consequence of urbanization when concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) in streams, lakes, and estuaries increases and they are considered pollutants. It explains the role of urbanization in changing the landscape for relative distribution of extant natural resources. The study links the nutrient-export risk and urbanization models in order to identify areas most vulnerable to pollution.
KW  - Urban ecology (Biology)
KW  - Phosphorus -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Nitrogen -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Pollutants -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Urbanization -- Environmental aspects
KW  - export of N and P, vulnerability
KW  - geographic modeling
KW  - GIS, land-cover change
KW  - land cover
KW  - mid-Atlantic states (USA)
KW  - modeling, empirical and risk based
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - phosphorus
KW  - regional-scale analysis
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - urbanization
N1  - Accession Number: 112065354; Wickham, James D. 1; O'Neill, Robert V. 2; Riitters, Kurt H. 3; Smith, Elizabeth R. 4; Wade, Timothy G. 1; Jones, K. Bruce 5; Affiliations: 1 : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MD-56), National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 USA; 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038 USA; 3 : Forestry Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Forest Service, Box 12254, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA; 4 : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MD-75), National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 USA; 5 : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 944 East Harmon Avenue, Las Vegas, Nevada 89119 USA;  Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p93; Thesaurus Term: Urban ecology (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: Urbanization -- Environmental aspects; Author-Supplied Keyword: export of N and P, vulnerability; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographic modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: GIS, land-cover change; Author-Supplied Keyword: land cover; Author-Supplied Keyword: mid-Atlantic states (USA); Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling, empirical and risk based; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorus; Author-Supplied Keyword: regional-scale analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: urbanization; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[0093:GTOIIN]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HUFF, DALE D.
AU  - HARGROVE, WILLIAM W.
AU  - GRAHAM, ROBIN
AU  - NIKOLOV, NED
AU  - THARP, M. LYNN
T1  - A GIS/Simulation Framework for Assessing Change in Water Yield over Large Spatial Scales.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
EP  - 181
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Recent legislation to initiate vegetation management in the Central Sierra hydrologic region of California includes a focus on corresponding changes in water yield. This served as the impetus for developing a combined geographic information system (GIS) and simulation assessment framework. Using the existing vegetation density condition, together with proposed rules for thinning to reduce fire risk, a set of simulation model inputs were generated for examining the impact of the thinning scenario on water yield. The approach allows results to be expressed as the mean and standard deviation of change in water yield for each 1-km2 map cell that is thinned. Values for groups of cells are aggregated for typical watershed units using area-weighted averaging. Wet, dry, and average precipitation years were simulated over a large region. Where snow plays an important role in hydrologic processes, the simulated change in water yield was less than 0.5% of expected annual runoff for a typical watershed. Such small changes would be undetectable in the field using conventional stream flow analysis. These results suggest that use of water yield increases to help justify forest-thinning activities or offset their cost will be difficult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Vegetation & climate
KW  - Bioclimatology
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Hydrologic cycle
KW  - Management
KW  - Water-yield change; Forest management; GIS; Simulation; Monte Carlo Analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15311245; HUFF, DALE D. 1; HARGROVE, WILLIAM W. 1; GRAHAM, ROBIN 1; NIKOLOV, NED 1; THARP, M. LYNN 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences and Computational Physics and Engineering Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA;  Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p164; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation & climate; Thesaurus Term: Bioclimatology; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Hydrologic cycle; Subject Term: Management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water-yield change; Forest management; GIS; Simulation; Monte Carlo Analysis; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-0003-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Delzanno, Gian Luca
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
AU  - Finn, John M.
T1  - KANDINSKY: A PIC Code for Fluid Simulations of Penning Traps.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 35
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We present simulations of the nonlinear dynamics of a nonneutral plasma in a Penning trap. We use KANDINSKY, an advanced cylindrical particle-in-cell (PlC) code based on a new method that avoids the traditional problems of cylindrical PlC codes. The principal novelty resides in defining a particle volume in addition to the usual particle charge. Results from the two-dimensional drift-Poisson model and a recently developed model with compression effects are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - NONNEUTRAL plasma
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - NONLINEAR mechanics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Codes
KW  - hydrodynamics
KW  - magnetic confinement
KW  - plasma waves
KW  - simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 27151573; Delzanno, Gian Luca 1,2; Lapenta, Giovanni 3,4; Email Address: lapenta@lanl.gov; Finn, John M. 4; Affiliations: 1: Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Torino 10129, Italy; 2: Dipartimento di Energetica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10129, Italy; 3: Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA; 4: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p34; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: NONNEUTRAL plasma; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: NONLINEAR mechanics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Codes; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic confinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shadwick, B. A.
AU  - Tarkenton, G. M.
AU  - Esarey, E. H.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Fluid Simulations of Intense Laser—Plasma Interactions.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 39
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We present results of fluid simulations of intense laser-plasma interactions where the laser time scale is fully resolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - Fluid
KW  - laser
KW  - numerical
KW  - plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 27151575; Shadwick, B. A. 1,2; Email Address: bashadwick@lbl.gov; Tarkenton, G. M. 2; Esarey, E. H. 3; Leemans, W. P. 4; Affiliations: 1: Institute for Advanced Physics, Conifer, CO 80433 USA; 2: Center for Beam Physics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 3: Institute for Advanced Physics, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 4: Center for Beam Physics, Conifer, CO 80433 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p38; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camacho, J. F.
AU  - Bliss, D. E.
AU  - Cameron, S. M.
T1  - Temporally Resolved Schlieren Images of a Laser-Generated Plasma.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 43
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Temporally resolved images of a Iong-scalelength aluminum plasma (L ≥ 100 μm, 1019  cm-3  Te   ≈ Ti ≈ 50 eV, Z ≈ 8.5) were obtained with a charge coupled device camera using the schlieren diagnostic technique. The schlieren imaging probe beam was a 15-mm diameter, 5-mJ, 266-nm, 110-ns FWHM laser pulse that uniformly illuminated the plasma. The probe beam was fired at various times relative to the plasma formation beam on a shot-to-shot basis, and refracted light components from the probe beam produced ‘snapshots’ of schlieren images showing the radial and axial evolution of the plasma. These images can be used to estimate the plasma's expansion velocity and electron density profile as a function of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - SCHLIEREN methods (Optics)
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - PLASMA diagnostics
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - Electron density diagnostics
KW  - laser-plasma inter-actions
KW  - optical plasma diagnostics
KW  - schlieren imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 27151577; Camacho, J. F. 1,2; Bliss, D. E. 2; Cameron, S. M. 3; Email Address: smcamer@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p42; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: SCHLIEREN methods (Optics); Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: PLASMA diagnostics; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: LASER beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron density diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser-plasma inter-actions; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical plasma diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: schlieren imaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, B. H.
AU  - Brower, D. L.
AU  - Cima, G.
AU  - Domier, C. W.
AU  - Donné, A. J. H.
AU  - Luhmann Jr., N. C.
AU  - Oyevaar, Th.
AU  - Wootton, A.
T1  - Imaging of Core Electron Temperature Fluctuations of Tokamak Plasmas.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
EP  - 73
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Imaging techniques applied to plasma turbulence data have lead to the discovery of unexpected two-dimensional patterns in the fluctuation levels. The data are obtained in the core of tokamak plasmas, using the novel technique of correlation intensity interferometry. Low-frequency fluctuations, usually associated with tearing modes, are not only found as expected near the q = 2 surface, but also on the midplane outside this surface. Higher frequency fluctuations, usually associated with the drift wave family, are poloidally localized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA turbulence
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - DRIFT waves
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - ECE
KW  - imaging
KW  - plasma
KW  - temperature
KW  - turbulence
KW  - visualization
N1  - Accession Number: 27151592; Deng, B. H. 1; Email Address: bhdeng@ucdavis.edu; Brower, D. L. 2; Cima, G. 3; Domier, C. W. 1; Donné, A. J. H. 4; Luhmann Jr., N. C. 1,5; Oyevaar, Th. 4; Wootton, A. 6; Affiliations: 1: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA; 2: Electrical Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; 3: Fusion Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA; 4: FOM-Instituut voor Plasmafysica Rijnhuizen, Associatie EURATOM-FOM, Nieuwegein 3430 BE, The Netherlands; 5: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA; 6: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p72; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA turbulence; Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: DRIFT waves; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECE; Author-Supplied Keyword: imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: visualization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hebner, G. A.
AU  - Riley, M. E.
AU  - Johnson, D. S.
AU  - Ho, Pauline
AU  - Buss, R. J.
T1  - 2-D Plasma Dust Crystal Compression in a Parabolic Well.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 94
EP  - 95
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A spherically curved (locally parabolic) electrode with a conformal plasma sheath can be used to directly test two-dimensional (2-D) plasma crystal particle-particle interaction models and to derive the screening length and the charge on the particles. By using such a well, the lateral interaction potential was isolated and accessible. Good agreement was obtained between measured and calculated single particle trajectories using measured gas densities and temperatures to determine the neutral gas drag. Plasma crystal compression in the parabolic potential was demonstrated to be in good agreement with that predicted by an equation of state for the 2-D dust layer incorporating Debye shielding of the charges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DUST
KW  - DUSTY plasmas
KW  - PLASMA sheaths
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - COULOMB potential
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - Dust
KW  - measurements
KW  - plasma
KW  - plasma sheath
N1  - Accession Number: 27151603; Hebner, G. A. 1; Email Address: gahebne@sandia.gov; Riley, M. E. 1; Johnson, D. S. 1; Ho, Pauline 1; Buss, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p94; Subject Term: DUST; Subject Term: DUSTY plasmas; Subject Term: PLASMA sheaths; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: COULOMB potential; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dust; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma sheath; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garasi, Christopher J.
AU  - Robinson, Allen C.
AU  - Kingman, Pat
AU  - Filbey, Skip
T1  - Visualization of ALEGRA-MHD Kinked Wire Validation Simulation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
EP  - 105
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We present a three-dimensional (3-D) ALEGRA-MHD simulation of a kinked wire magneto-solid mechanics validation experiment performed at Army Research Laboratory. A 3-mm diameter copper wire with a 600 (equilateral) kink was subjected to a 400-kA prescribed current pulse. Magnetic quantities have been visualized in order to understand the 3-D nature of the resulting wire disruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - THREE-dimensional imaging
KW  - VERIFICATION
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - PLASMA density
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Magnetohydrodynamics
KW  - software verification
KW  - validation
N1  - Accession Number: 27151608; Garasi, Christopher J. 1; Email Address: cjgaras@sandia.gov; Robinson, Allen C. 1; Kingman, Pat 2; Filbey, Skip 2; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Research and Development, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; 2: Armor Modeling Team Armor Concept Section, Armor Mechanics Branch, Army Research Laboratory, APG, MD 21005 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p104; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: THREE-dimensional imaging; Subject Term: VERIFICATION; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: PLASMA density; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetohydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: software verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: validation; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Imaging the Separation of Cathodic Arc Plasma and Macroparticles in Curved Magnetic Filters.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
EP  - 109
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Cathodic vacuum arc plasmas can be used to produce well-adherent, dense, high-quality films and coatings, provided macroparticles are removed from the plasma. Both plasma and macroparticles are produced at cathode spots, and in most cases both can easily be observed because they emit light. The nature of this light emission is briefly discussed. Using open, curved solenoids as magnetic filters, one can readily optically record the separation of plasma and macroparticles by the filter. Imaging can be used as a powerful tool to help developing macroparticle filters and optimizing their design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM arcs
KW  - ELECTRIC arc
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - MAGNETIC separators
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - Cathodic vacuum arc
KW  - imaging
KW  - macroparticles
KW  - plasma filter
N1  - Accession Number: 27151610; Anders, André 1; Email Address: Aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p108; Subject Term: VACUUM arcs; Subject Term: ELECTRIC arc; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC separators; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathodic vacuum arc; Author-Supplied Keyword: imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: macroparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma filter; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, R. F.
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
T1  - Ozone, Acid Deposition,and Mycorrhization Effectson Loblolly Pine and White Oak: I. Above- and Below-Ground Growthand Development.
JO  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
JF  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 10549811
AB  - Above- and below-groud responses of juvenile loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and white oak (Quercus alba L.) to tropospheric ozone (0.0, 0.06, and 0.12 µL L1 O3), acid precipitation (pH 4.8, 4.2, and 3.6), and induced ectomycorrhizal colonization (Pisolithus tinctorius [Pers.] Coker & Couch vs. natural mycobiont). alone and in combination, were examined. After 30 weeks, the filtered air treatment (ozone 0.0) reduced foliar injury but also produced smaller stem diameters, lower total foliage and total shoot dry weights, decreased needle density and shorter root systems in inoculated pine, growth responses not found in uninocultated pine. Height growth of inoculated oak was increased by the filtered air treatment while leaf density was reduced by 0.12 µL L1 O3, results also not found in uninoculated oak. Ectomycorrhizal colonization percentages in pine decreased with increasing O3 concentration regardless of mycorrhizal treatment, and the filtered air treatment produced the highest infection percentages in inoculated oak as well. Rains of pH 4.2 stimulated hwight growth in inoculated pine while diameter decreased in inoculated oak but increased in uninoculated oak with declining pH. Also, pH 4.2 rainfall increased root weight in inoculated oak while that of pH 4.8 reduced foliar injury but also shoot weight in oak regardless of mycorrhizal treatment. Generally, the mycorrhization response to increasing rainfall acidity was reduced colonization. Independent of the other treatments, inoculation produced a substantial increase in above- and below-ground growth of both pine and oak, and also increased foliage density but reduced specific root length in each species. Overall, these results indicate that the growth responses to O3 and acid deposition of loblolly pine and white oak are strongly influenced by mycorrhization, but that the magnitude of these responses is exceeded by those to mycorrhization alone. However, the propensity revealed here for both O3 and acid precipitation to suppress mycorrhizal colonization in these two species may indicate the potential for a gradual reduction in long-term forest productivity in the southeastern United States. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sustainable Forestry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Acid deposition
KW  - Forest productivity
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Mycorrhizas
KW  - White oak
KW  - Pine
KW  - United States
KW  - foliar injury
KW  - acid deposition
KW  - ectomycorrhizae
KW  - foliar injury
KW  - loblolly pine
KW  - Pinus taeda
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - Quercusalba
KW  - seedling development
KW  - white oak
N1  - Accession Number: 27646336; Walker, R. F. 1; Email Address: walker@ers.unr.edu; McLaughlin, S. B. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Associate Professor, University of Nevada, Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV 89512 USA.; 2 : Senior Research Scientist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1059, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.;  Source Info: 2002, Vol. 14 Issue 2/3, p31; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Acid deposition; Thesaurus Term: Forest productivity; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Subject Term: Mycorrhizas; Subject Term: White oak; Subject Term: Pine; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: foliar injury; Author-Supplied Keyword: acid deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: ectomycorrhizae; Author-Supplied Keyword: foliar injury; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus taeda; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercusalba; Author-Supplied Keyword: seedling development; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Gorse Jr., Robert A.
AU  - Bailey, Brent K.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-world Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Eleventh Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emission Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 52
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Presents a summary of Eleventh Coordinating Research Council on "Road Vehicle Emission Workshop". Contribution of mobile sources to ambient air quality and emission inventories; Methods to evaluate the role of mobile sources on air quality.
KW  - Automobile emissions
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Research
KW  - Inventories
N1  - Accession Number: 12581564; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Gorse Jr., Robert A. 2; Bailey, Brent K. 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Affiliations: 1 : General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan.; 2 : Ford Motor Company, Allen Park, Michigan.; 3 : Coordinating Research Council, Alpharetta, Georgia.; 4 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado.;  Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Automobile emissions; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Research; Subject Term: Inventories; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Al-Abbadi, N.M.
AU  - Alawaji, S.H.
AU  - Bin Mahfoodh, M.Y.
AU  - Myers, D.R.
AU  - Wilcox, S.
AU  - Anderberg, M.
T1  - Saudi Arabian solar radiation network operation data collection and quality assessment
JO  - Renewable Energy: An International Journal
JF  - Renewable Energy: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 09601481
AB  - From 1993 to the present (2000), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted a joint solar radiation resource assessment project to upgrade the solar resource assessment capability of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. KACST has deployed a high quality 12-station network in Saudi Arabia for monitoring solar total horizontal, direct beam, and diffuse radiation. One- and 5-min network data are collected and assessed for quality. 80% or more of the network data fall within quality limits of ±5% for correct partitioning between the three radiation components. We describe the network, quality assessment procedures, data formats and availability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable Energy: An International Journal is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Solar energy
KW  - Saudi Arabia
N1  - Accession Number: 7744058; Al-Abbadi, N.M. 1; Alawaji, S.H. 1; Bin Mahfoodh, M.Y. 1; Myers, D.R. 2; Email Address: daryl_myers@nrel.gov; Wilcox, S. 2; Anderberg, M. 2; Affiliations: 1 : King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; 2 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401, USA;  Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p219; Thesaurus Term: Solar radiation; Thesaurus Term: Solar energy; Subject: Saudi Arabia; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiubo Tian
AU  - Dixon Tat-Kun Kwok
AU  - Chu, Paul K.
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Two-dimensional sample temperature modeling in separation by plasma implantation of oxygen (SPIMOX) process.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02/03/Feb2002 Part 3
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
EP  - 427
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) offers high throughput and efficiency in the synthesis of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) materials. In the separation by plasma implantation of oxygen (SPIMOX) process, the spatial and time variation of the sample temperature must be known and well controlled to ensure uniform buried oxide and silicon overlying layer thicknesses over the entire silicon wafer. In this paper, we describe a two-dimensional model and derive the temperature distribution on the silicon wafer with respect to time and other process parameters. Our results show laterally nonuniform heating by the incoming ions and the local temperature is influenced more by the sample voltage and thermal irradiation coefficient of the target than the pulse duration and plasma density. The model provides a simple and quick means to determine whether external heating will be needed to maintain the sample temperature at 600°C during the SPIMOX process [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - SILICON-on-insulator technology
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - 600 C
KW  - abstract-plasma immersion ion implantation
KW  - external heating
KW  - ion implantation
KW  - laterally nonuniform heating
KW  - Modeling
KW  - plasma density
KW  - plasma implantation
KW  - plasma implantation of oxygen process
KW  - plasma materials processing
KW  - plasma temperature
KW  - pulse duration
KW  - sample temperature
KW  - separation
KW  - Si wafer
KW  - silicon-on-insulator materials synthesis
KW  - SPIMOX
KW  - temperature
KW  - temperature distribution
KW  - thermal irradiation
KW  - two-dimensional model
KW  - two-dimensional sample temperature modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 52038099; Xiubo Tian 1; Dixon Tat-Kun Kwok 1; Chu, Paul K. 1; Email Address: paul.chu@cityu.edu.hk; Anders, André 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002 Part 3, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p423; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: SILICON-on-insulator technology; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Author-Supplied Keyword: 600 C; Author-Supplied Keyword: abstract-plasma immersion ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: external heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: laterally nonuniform heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma density; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma implantation of oxygen process; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma materials processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse duration; Author-Supplied Keyword: sample temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si wafer; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon-on-insulator materials synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPIMOX; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional model; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional sample temperature modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2002.1003891
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeo, Hye-Jeong
AU  - Ziegelin, Günter
AU  - Korolev, Sergey
AU  - Calendar, Richard
AU  - Lanka, Erich
AU  - Waksman, Gabriel
T1  - Phage P4 origin-binding domain structure reveals a mechanism for regulation of DNA-binding activity by homo- and heterodimerization of winged helix proteins.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2002/02/15/
VL  - 43
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 855
EP  - 867
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Summary The origin-binding domain of the gpα protein of phage P4 (P4-OBD) mediates origin recognition and regulation of gpα activity by the protein Cnr. We have determined the crystal structure of P4-OBD at 2.95 Å resolution. The structure of P4-OBD is that of a dimer with pseudo twofold symmetry. Each subunit has a winged helix topology with a unique structure among initiator proteins. The only structural homologue of the P4-OBD subunit is the DNA-binding domain of the eukaryotic transcriptional activator Rfx1. Based on this structural alignment, a model for origin recognition by the P4-OBD dimer is suggested. P4-OBD mutations that interfere with Cnr binding locate to the dimer interface, indicating that Cnr acts by disrupting the gpα dimer. P4-OBD dimerization is mediated by helices α 1 and α 3 in both subunits, a mode of winged helix protein dimerization that is reminiscent of that of the eukaryotic transcription factors E2F and DP. This, in turn, suggests that Cnr is also a winged helix protein, a possibility that is supported by previously unreported sequence homologies between Cnr and Rfx1 and homology modelling. Hence, in a mechanism that appears to be conserved from phage to man, the DNA-binding activity of winged helix proteins can be regulated by other winged helix proteins via the versatile use of the winged helix motif as a homo- or heterodimerization scaffold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA-protein interactions
KW  - PROTEIN binding
N1  - Accession Number: 6394312; Yeo, Hye-Jeong 1; Ziegelin, Günter 2; Korolev, Sergey 3; Calendar, Richard 4; Lanka, Erich 2; Waksman, Gabriel 1; Source Information: Feb2002, Vol. 43 Issue 4, p855; Subject: DNA-protein interactions; Subject: PROTEIN binding; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02796.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kocher, D.C.
AU  - Greim, H.
T1  - An approach to comparative assessments of potential health risks from exposure to radionuclides and hazardous chemicals
JO  - Environment International
JF  - Environment International
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 27
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 663
SN  - 01604120
AB  - The need to compare potential health risks to the public associated with different activities that can result in releases of hazardous substances to the environment is becoming increasingly important in decision-making. In making such comparisons, it is desirable to use equivalent indicators of potential health risks for radionuclides, chemical carcinogens, and noncarcinogenic hazardous chemicals. Current approaches to risk assessment that were developed for purposes of protecting human health do not provide equivalent indicators of potential risks from exposure to radionuclides and hazardous chemicals. Comparisons of environmental concentrations or calculated exposures or risks with standards for protection of public health also do not provide equivalent indicators of potential risks. We propose a simple approach to comparative risk assessments in which calculated exposures to any hazardous substances are expressed relative to no-observed-effect levels (NOELs) or, preferably, lower confidence limits of benchmark doses (BMDLs) in humans. This approach provides an equivalent, science-based indicator of the relative risks posed by different exposures to any hazardous substances. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environment International is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Public health
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Benchmark dose
KW  - Comparative assessment
KW  - NOEL
KW  - Public exposures
N1  - Accession Number: 7761044; Kocher, D.C. 1; Email Address: dck@senes.com; Greim, H. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA; 2 : GSF—Institut für Toxicologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85758 Neuherberg, Germany;  Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 27 Issue 8, p663; Thesaurus Term: Public health; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benchmark dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Comparative assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Public exposures; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CUSHMAN, ROBERT M.
AU  - JONES, SONJA B.
T1  - The Relative Importance of Sources of Greenhouse-Gas Emissions: Comparison of Global Through Subnational Perspectives.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 360
EP  - 372
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are widely expected to cause global warming and other climatic changes. It is important to establish priorities for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, so that resources can be allocated efficiently and effectively. This is a global problem, and it is possible, on a global scale, to identify those activities whose emissions have the greatest potential for enhancing the greenhouse effect. However, perspectives from smaller scales must be appreciated, because it is on scales down to the local level that response measures will be implemented. This paper analyzes the relative importance of emissions from the many individual sources, on scales ranging from global to national to subnational. Individual country perspectives and proposed policy measures and those of subnational political entities exhibit some commonalities but differ among themselves and from a global-scale perspective in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Emissions; Greenhouse gases
N1  - Accession Number: 15311249; CUSHMAN, ROBERT M. 1; JONES, SONJA B. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335 USA;  Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p360; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere); Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions; Greenhouse gases; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-001-0018-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, M. J.
AU  - Smith, J. G.
AU  - Southworth, G. R.
AU  - Ryon, M. G.
AU  - Eddlemon, G. K.
T1  - Trace Element Contamination in Benthic Macroinvertebrates from a Small Stream Near a Uranium Mill Tailings Site.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 208
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Direct measurement of the accumulation of non-radioactive trace elements in aquatic biota near uranium mining or processing sites has been relatively rare, with greater focus on the radiological activity in the adjacent soils and groundwater. To evaluate the potential ecological concern associated with trace elements at a former uranium mill site in southeastern Utah, benthic macroinvertebrates were collected and analyzed for 17 trace elements from multiple locations within a small on-site stream, Montezuma Creek, and a nearby reference stream. Key questions of this study relate to the spatial and temporal extent of contamination in aquatic biota, the potential ecological risks associated with that contamination, and the usefulness of benthic macroinvertebrates as a monitoring tool at this site. Composite samples of similar macroinvertebrate taxa and functional feeding groups were collected from each site over a two year period that was representative of normal and dry-year conditions. In both years, mean concentrations of arsenic, molybdenum, selenium, and vanadium were significantly higher (a factor of 2–4 times; P < 0.05) in macroinvertebrates collected from one or both of the two Montezuma Creek sites immediately downstream of the mill tailing site in comparison to concentrations from reference locations. Mean uranium concentrations in invertebrates immediately downstream of the mill site were more than 10 times higher than at reference sites. The site-to-site pattern of contamination in Montezuma Creek invertebrates was similar in 1995 and 1996, with mill-related trace elements showing a downstream decreasing trend. However, nine of seventeen contaminant concentrations were higher in the second year of the study, possibly due to a higher influx of deep groundwater during the drier second year of the study. A preliminary assessment of ecological risks, based on the benthic macroinvertebrate bioaccumulation data, suggests that aquatic and terrestrial population risks are low. Benthic macroinvertebrates appeared to be sensitive integrators of trace element inputs to the aquatic environment from a former uranium mill tailing site, and provided useful spatial and temporal patterns of contamination not easily obtained using conventional surface water or groundwater measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium mill tailings
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Trace elements
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Aquatic biology
KW  - Transuranium elements
KW  - aquatic
KW  - assessment
KW  - benthic macroinvertebrates
KW  - contamination
KW  - risk
KW  - trace element
KW  - uranium mill tailings
KW  - uranium mill tailings.
N1  - Accession Number: 16656063; Peterson, M. J. 1; Email Address: petersonmj@ornl.gov; Smith, J. G. 2; Southworth, G. R. 2; Ryon, M. G. 2; Eddlemon, G. K. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. (author for correspondence, e-mail: ); 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 74 Issue 2, p193; Thesaurus Term: Uranium mill tailings; Thesaurus Term: Actinide elements; Thesaurus Term: Trace elements; Thesaurus Term: Bioaccumulation; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic biology; Subject Term: Transuranium elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: aquatic; Author-Supplied Keyword: assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: benthic macroinvertebrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: trace element; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium mill tailings; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium mill tailings.; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Valen E.
AU  - Deaner, Robert O.
AU  - Van Schaik, Carel P.
T1  - Bayesian Analysis of Rank Data With Application to Primate Intelligence Experiments.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 97
IS  - 457
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 01621459
AB  - A model for analyzing rank data obtained from multiple evaluators, possibility using different ranking criteria, is proposed. The model is specified hierarchically within the Bayesian paradigm and includes parameters that represent the probabilities that two items are assigned equal rankings. Also included are parameters that account for the relative precision of rankings obtained from distinct evaluation schemes. The model is illustrated through a meta-analysis of rank data collected to compare the cognitive abilities of various primate genera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - MARKOV processes
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - RANKING (Statistics)
KW  - COGNITIVE Abilities Test
KW  - SCALING (Social sciences)
KW  - Hierarchical Bayes
KW  - Markov chain Monte Carlo
KW  - Meta-analysis
KW  - Paired-comparisons
KW  - Thurstonian model.
N1  - Accession Number: 6328612; Johnson, Valen E. 1; Email Address: valen@lanl.gov; Deaner, Robert O. 2; Van Schaik, Carel P. 3; Affiliations: 1: Technical Staff Member, Statistical Sciences, MS F600, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; 2: Research Associate, Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.; 3: Professor, Department of Biological Anthropology, Duke University,  Durham, NC 27708.; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 97 Issue 457, p8; Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Thesaurus Term: MARKOV processes; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: RANKING (Statistics); Subject Term: COGNITIVE Abilities Test; Subject Term: SCALING (Social sciences); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hierarchical Bayes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chain Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meta-analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paired-comparisons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thurstonian model.; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Ning
AU  - Sickmier, E. Allen
AU  - Zhang, Rongguang
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - White, Stephen W
T1  - The MotA transcription factor from bacteriophage T4 contains a novel DNA-binding domain: the ‘double wing’ motif.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1079
EP  - 1088
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Summary MotA is a transcription factor from bacteriophage T4 that helps adapt the host Escherichia coli transcription apparatus to T4 middle promoters. We have determined the crystal structure of the C-terminal DNA-binding domain of MotA (MotCF) to 1.6 Å resolution using multiwavelength, anomalous diffraction methods. The structure reveals a novel DNA-binding α/β motif that contains an exposed β-sheet surface that mediates interactions with the DNA. Independent biochemical experiments have shown that MotCF binds to one surface of a single turn of DNA through interactions in adjacent major and minor grooves. We present a model of the interaction in which β-ribbons at opposite corners of the six-stranded β-sheet pen-etrate the DNA grooves, and call the motif a ‘double wing’ to emphasize similarities to the ‘winged-helix’ motif. The model is consistent with data on how MotA functions at middle promoters, and provides an explanation for why MotA can form non-specific multimers on DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGES
N1  - Accession Number: 6382587; Li, Ning 1; Sickmier, E. Allen 1,2,3; Zhang, Rongguang 3; Joachimiak, Andrzej 3; White, Stephen W 1,2; Source Information: Mar2002, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p1079; Subject: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject: BACTERIOPHAGES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02809.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Kazmerski, L.L.
AU  - Roche, T.
T1  - Publication expansion and online access
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
SN  - 13640321
N1  - Accession Number: 8776147; Kazmerski, L.L. 1; Email Address: kaz@nrel.gov; Roche, T. 2; Email Address: t.roche@elsevier.com; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA; 2 : Elsevier Science, UK;  Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 6 Issue 1/2, p1; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, E.S.
AU  - DiBartolomeo, D.L.
T1  - Application issues for large-area electrochromic windows in commercial buildings
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2002/03//3/1/2002
VL  - 71
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Projections of performance from small-area devices to large-area windows and enterprise marketing have created high expectations for electrochromic glazings. As a result, this paper seeks to precipitate an objective dialog between material scientists and building-application scientists to determine whether actual large-area electrochromic devices will result in significant performance benefits and what material improvements are needed, if any, to make electrochromics more practical for commercial building applications.Few in situ tests have been conducted with large-area electrochromic windows applied in buildings. This study presents monitored results from a full-scale field test of large-area electrochromic windows to illustrate how this technology will perform in commercial buildings. The visible transmittance (<f>Tv</f>) of the installed electrochromic ranged from 0.11 to 0.38. The data are limited to the winter period for a south-east-facing window. The effect of actual device performance on lighting energy use, direct sun control, discomfort glare, and interior illumination is discussed. No mechanical system loads were monitored. These data demonstrate the use of electrochromics in a moderate climate and focus on the most restrictive visual task: computer use in offices.Through this small demonstration, we were able to determine that electrochromic windows can indeed provide unmitigated transparent views and a level of dynamic illumination control never before seen in architectural glazing materials. Daily lighting energy use was 6–24% less compared to the 11%-glazing, with improved interior brightness levels. Daily lighting energy use was 3% less to 13% more compared to the 38%-glazing, with improved window brightness control. The electrochromic window may not be able to fulfill both energy-efficiency and visual comfort objectives when low winter direct sun is present, particularly for computer tasks using cathode-ray tube (CRT) displays. However, window and architectural design as well as electrochromic control options are suggested as methods to broaden the applicability of electrochromics for commercial buildings. Without further modification, its applicability is expected to be limited during cold winter periods due to its slow switching speed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electrochromic devices
KW  - Glazing (Glass installation)
KW  - Building application
KW  - Electrochromic windows
KW  - Energy-efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 7739885; Lee, E.S. 1; Email Address: eslee@lbl.gov; DiBartolomeo, D.L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: 3/1/2002, Vol. 71 Issue 4, p465; Subject Term: Electrochromic devices; Subject Term: Glazing (Glass installation); Author-Supplied Keyword: Building application; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromic windows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-efficiency; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wallschläger, Dirk
AU  - Kock, Hans Herbert
AU  - Schroeder, William H.
AU  - Lindberg, Steven E.
AU  - Ebinghaus, Ralf
AU  - Wilken, Rolf-Dieter
T1  - Estimating Gaseous Mercury Emissions from Contaminated Floodplain Soils to the Atmosphere with Simple Field Measurement Techniques.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 135
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 54
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The atmospheric emission of mercury (Hg) from a contaminated wetlands system was studied in the floodplains along the river Elbe (Northern Germany). Results suggest that wetlands can be important transformation and phase transfer regions, linking the terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric compartments of regional biogeochemical Hg cycles. Fluxes determined by flux chamber measurements averaged 43 ± 5 ng m-2 h-1. Additionally, soil gas probe sampling was introduced to determine mercury concentrations in soil air. This technique shows some promise for detecting and confining mercury contamination in soils. We also propose that measurements of total gaseous mercury (TGM) in soil air and the near-surface atmosphere, in combination with simple soil physical parameters, may be suitable for calculating semiquantitative estimates of Hg evaporation from contaminated soils, based on laminar diffusion considerations. The results are compared to other Hg flux measurements, and the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to quantify Hg emissions from soils are discussed, especially with regard to possible systematic bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Aquatic resources
KW  - Wetlands
KW  - Soil chemistry
KW  - Economic geology
KW  - Contamination (Psychology)
KW  - mercury fluxes
KW  - soil air
KW  - soil-air exchange
KW  - wetlands
N1  - Accession Number: 16603707; Wallschläger, Dirk 1,2; Email Address: DirkW@Frontier.WA.com; Kock, Hans Herbert 2; Schroeder, William H. 3; Lindberg, Steven E. 4; Ebinghaus, Ralf 2; Wilken, Rolf-Dieter 5,6; Affiliations: 1 : Frontier Geosciences, 414 Pontius Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.; 2 : GKSS Research Center, Institute of Physical and Chemical Analytics, Max-Planck-Str., 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; 3 : Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Service, 4905 Dufferin Street, Downsview, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada; 4 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, U.S.A; 5 : Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Institute of Geosciences, Chair of Applied Hydrochemistry, Johannes-Joachim-Becher-Weg 21, 55099 Mainz, Germany; 6 : ESWE-Institute for Water Research and Water Technology, Söhnleinstr. 158, 65201 Wiesbaden-Schierstein, Germany;  Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 135 Issue 1-4, p39; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic resources; Thesaurus Term: Wetlands; Thesaurus Term: Soil chemistry; Subject Term: Economic geology; Subject Term: Contamination (Psychology); Author-Supplied Keyword: mercury fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil air; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil-air exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetlands; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferenbaugh, J. K.
AU  - Fresquez, P. R.
AU  - Ebinger, M. H.
AU  - Gonzales, G. J.
AU  - Jordan, P. A.
T1  - Radionuclides in Soil and Water Near a Low-Level Disposal Site and Potential Ecological and Human Health Impacts.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 74
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 254
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Material Disposal Area G is the primary low-level radioactive waste disposal site at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, and is adjacent to Pueblo of San Ildefonso lands. Pueblo residents and Los Alamos scientists are concerned about radiological doses resulting from uptake of Area G radionuclides by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus), then consumption of deer and elk meat by humans. Tissue samples were collected from deer and elk accidentally killed near Area G and were analyzed for 3H, 90Sr, total U, 238Pu, 239, 240Pu, 241Am, and 137Cs. These data were used to estimate human doses based on meat consumption of 23 kg y-1. Human doses were also modeled using RESRAD, and dose rates to deer and elk were estimated with a screening model. Dose estimates to humans from tissue consumption were 2.9 × 10-3 mSv y-1 and 1.6 × 10-3 mSv y-1 from deer and elk, respectively, and RESRAD dose estimates were of the same order of magnitude. Estimated dose rates to deer and elk were 2.1 × 10-4 mGy d-1 and 4.7 × 10-4 mGy d-1, respectively. All estimated doses were significantly less than established exposure limits or guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - Residents
KW  - Radiology
KW  - Meat
KW  - Consumption (Economics)
KW  - Am
KW  - contamination
KW  - Cs
KW  - dose
KW  - exposure
KW  - model
KW  - Pu
KW  - risk
KW  - Sr
KW  - translocation
KW  - U
N1  - Accession Number: 15605520; Ferenbaugh, J. K. 1; Fresquez, P. R. 1; Email Address: fresquez@lanl.gov; Ebinger, M. H. 2; Gonzales, G. J. 1; Jordan, P. A. 3; Affiliations: 1 : ESH-20, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M887, Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 2 : EES-15, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J495, Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 3 : University of Minnesota, 200 Hodson Hall, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 74 Issue 3, p243; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes; Subject Term: Residents; Subject Term: Radiology; Subject Term: Meat; Subject Term: Consumption (Economics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Am; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cs; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pu; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sr; Author-Supplied Keyword: translocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: U; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vega, E.
AU  - Reyes, E.
AU  - Sánchez, G.
AU  - Ortiz, E.
AU  - Ruiz, M.
AU  - Chow, J.
AU  - Watson, J.
AU  - Edgerton, S.
T1  - Basic statistics of PM2.5 and PM10 in the atmosphere of Mexico City
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2002/03/27/
VL  - 287
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00489697
AB  - The high levels of fine particulate matter in Mexico City are of concern since they may induce severe public health effects as well as the attenuation of visible light. Sequential filter samplers were used at six different sites from 23 February to 22 March 1997. The sampling campaign was carried out as part of the project ‘Investigacio´n sobre Materia Particulada y Deterioro Atmosfe´rico-Aerosol and Visibility Evaluation Research’. This research was a cooperative project sponsored by PEMEX and by the US Department of Energy. Sampling sites represent the different land uses along the city, the northwest station, Tlalnepantla, is located in a mixed medium income residential and industrial area. The northeast station, Xalostoc, is located in a highly industrialized area, Netzahualcoyotl is located in a mixed land use area, mainly commercial and residential. Station La Merced is located in the commercial and administrative district downtown. The southwest station is located in the Pedregal de San Angel, in a high-income neighborhood, and the southeast station located in Cerro de la Estrella is a mixed medium income residential and commercial area. Samples were collected four times a day in Cerro de la Estrella (CES), La Merced (MER) and Xalostoc (XAL) with sampling periods of 6 h. In Pedregal (PED), Tlalnepantla (TLA) and Netzahualcoyotl (NEZ) sampling periods were every 24 h. In this paper the basic statistics of PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations are presented. The average results showed that 49, 61, 46, 57, 51 and 44% of the PM10 consisted of PM2.5 for CES, MER, XAL, PED, TLA and NEZ, respectively. The 24-h average highest concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were registered at NEZ (184 and 267 μg/m3) and the lowest at PED (22 and 39 μg/m3). The highest PM10 correlations were between XAL-CES (0.79), PED-TLA (0.80). In contrast, the highest PM2.5 correlations were between CES-PED (0.74), MER-CES (0.73) and TLA-PED (0.72), showing a lower correlation than the PM10 one. The results of the PM10 from 12.00 to 18.00 h at CES and MER presented the highest variability and also the highest median concentrations, meanwhile XAL showed them from 06.00 to 12.00 h. The highest variability and median concentrations of PM2.5 were from 06.00 to 12.00 h for the three stations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Data management
KW  - Mexico City
KW  - Particulate matter
KW  - Particulate matter measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 7765316; Vega, E. 1; Email Address: evega@imp.mx; Reyes, E. 1; Sánchez, G. 1; Ortiz, E. 1; Ruiz, M. 1; Chow, J. 2; Watson, J. 2; Edgerton, S. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Núm. 152, Col. San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero 07730, México, D.F., Mexico; 2 : Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512-1095, USA; 3 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA;  Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 287 Issue 3, p167; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico City; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate matter measurements; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chow, Judith C.
AU  - Watson, John G.
AU  - Edgerton, Sylvia A.
AU  - Vega, Elizabeth
T1  - Chemical composition of PM2.5 and PM10 in Mexico City during winter 1997
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2002/03/27/
VL  - 287
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 00489697
AB  - PM2.5 and PM10 were measured over 24-h intervals at six core sites and at 25 satellite sites in and around Mexico City from 23 February to 22 March 1997. In addition, four 6-h samples were taken each day at three of the core sites. Sampling locations were selected to represent regional, central city, commercial, residential, and industrial portions of the city. Mass and light transmission concentrations were determined on all of the samples, while elements, ions and carbon were measured on approximately two-thirds of the samples. PM10 concentrations were highly variable, with almost three-fold differences between the highest and lowest concentrations. Fugitive dust was the major cause of PM10 differences, although carbon concentrations were also highly variable among the sampling sites. Approximately 50% of PM10 was in the PM2.5 fraction. The majority of PM mass was comprised of carbon, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium and crustal components, but in different proportions on different days and at different sites. The largest fine-particle components were carbonaceous aerosols, constituting ∼50% of PM2.5 mass, followed by ∼30% secondary inorganic aerosols and ∼15% geological material. Geological material is the largest component of PM10, constituting ∼50% of PM10 mass, followed by ∼32% carbonaceous aerosols and ∼17% secondary inorganic aerosols. Sulfate concentrations were twice as high as nitrate concentrations. Sulfate and nitrate were present as ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate. Approximately two-thirds of the ammonium sulfate measured in urban areas appears to have been transported from regions outside of the study domain, rather than formed from emissions in the urban area. Diurnal variations are apparent, with two-fold increases in concentration from night-time to daytime. Morning samples had the highest PM2.5 and PM10 mass, secondary inorganic aerosols and carbon concentrations, probably due to a shallow surface inversion and rush-hour traffic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geology
KW  - Earth (Planet) -- Core
KW  - Mexico City
KW  - PM10
KW  - PM2.5
KW  - Satellite sites
N1  - Accession Number: 7765317; Chow, Judith C. 1; Email Address: judyc@dri.edu; Watson, John G. 1; Edgerton, Sylvia A. 2; Vega, Elizabeth 3; Affiliations: 1 : Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA; 2 : Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA; 3 : Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico;  Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 287 Issue 3, p177; Thesaurus Term: Geology; Subject Term: Earth (Planet) -- Core; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico City; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM10; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM2.5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Satellite sites; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - <atl>Between Scylla and Charybdis: p53 links tumor suppression and aging
JO  - Mechanisms of Ageing & Development
JF  - Mechanisms of Ageing & Development
Y1  - 2002/03/31/
VL  - 123
IS  - 6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 567
SN  - 00476374
N1  - Accession Number: 7754305; Campisi, Judith 1; Email Address: jcampisi@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 123 Issue 6, p567; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooke, Brian M
AU  - Glenister, Fiona K
AU  - Mohandas, Narla
AU  - Coppel, Ross L
T1  - Assignment of functional roles to parasite proteins in malaria-infected red blood cells by competitive flow-based adhesion assay.
JO  - British Journal of Haematology
JF  - British Journal of Haematology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 211
SN  - 00071048
AB  - Summary. Adhesion of parasitized red blood cells (PRBCs) to endothelial cells and subsequent accumulation in the microvasculature are pivotal events in the pathogenesis of falciparum malaria. During intraerythrocytic development, numerous proteins exported from the parasite associate with the RBC membrane skeleton but the precise function of many of these proteins remain unknown. Their cellular location, however, suggests that some may play a role in adhesion. The adhesive properties of PRBCs are best studied under flow conditions in vitro ; however, experimental variation in levels of cytoadherence in currently available assays make subtle alterations in adhesion difficult to quantify. Here, we describe a flow-based assay that can quantify small differences in adhesion and document the extent to which a number of parasite proteins influence adhesion using parasite lines that no longer express specific proteins. Loss of parasite proteins ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA), knob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) or Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 3 (PfEMP3) had a significant effect on the ability of PRBCs to adhere, whereas loss of mature parasite-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (MESA) had no effect. Our studies indicate that a number of membrane skeleton-associated parasite proteins, although not exposed on the RBC surface, can collectively affect the adhesive properties of PRBCs and further our understanding of pathophysiologically relevant structure/function relationships in malaria-infected RBCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of British Journal of Haematology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MALARIA
KW  - PLASMODIUM falciparum
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - cell adhesion
KW  - erythrocyte
KW  - malaria
KW  - membrane skeleton
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
N1  - Accession Number: 6394235; Cooke, Brian M 1; Glenister, Fiona K 1; Mohandas, Narla 2; Coppel, Ross L 1; Source Information: Apr2002, Vol. 117 Issue 1, p203; Subject: MALARIA; Subject: PLASMODIUM falciparum; Subject: ERYTHROCYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: cell adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: erythrocyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: malaria; Author-Supplied Keyword: membrane skeleton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmodium falciparum; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03404.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berket, K.
AU  - Agarwal, D.A.
AU  - Chevassut, O.
T1  - A practical approach to the InterGroup protocols
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 709
SN  - 0167739X
AB  - Existing reliable ordered group communication protocols have been developed for local-area networks and do not in general scale well to a large number of nodes and wide-area networks. The InterGroup suite of protocols is a scalable group communication system that introduces an unusual approach to handling group membership, and supports a receiver-oriented selection of service. The protocols are intended for a wide-area network, with a large number of nodes, that has highly variable delays and a high message loss rate, such as the Internet. The levels of the message delivery service range from unreliable unordered to reliable timestamp ordered. We also present a secure group layer that builds on InterGroup to provide SSL-like security for groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Future Generation Computer Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER network protocols
KW  - LOCAL area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - Distributed systems
KW  - Group communication
KW  - Reliable multicast
KW  - Security
N1  - Accession Number: 7772922; Berket, K.; Email Address: kberket@lbl.gov; Agarwal, D.A. 1; Email Address: daagarwal@lbl.gov; Chevassut, O. 1; Email Address: ochevassut@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50B-2239, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p709; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER network protocols; Thesaurus Term: LOCAL area networks (Computer networks); Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTED computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Group communication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reliable multicast; Author-Supplied Keyword: Security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eick, Stephen G.
AU  - Graves, Todd L.
AU  - Karr, Alan F.
AU  - Mockus, Audris
AU  - Schuster, Paul
T1  - Visualizing Software Changes.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 2002/04//
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
EP  - 412
SN  - 00985589
AB  - A key problem in software engineering is changing the code. We present a sequence of visualizations and visual metaphors designed to help engineers understand and manage the software change process. The principal metaphors are matrix views, cityscapes, bar and pie charts, data sheets, and networks. Linked by selection mechanisms, multiple views are combined to form perspectives that both enable discovery of high-level structure in software change data and allow effective access to details of those data. Use of the views and perspectives is illustrated in two important contexts: understanding software change by exploration of software change data and management of software development. Our approach complements existing visualizations of software structure and software execution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - VISUAL programming languages (Computer science)
N1  - Accession Number: 11935412; Source Information: Apr2002, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p396; Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: VISUAL programming languages (Computer science); Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 17p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oberkampf, William L.
AU  - Trucano, Timothy G.
T1  - Verification and validation in computational fluid dynamics
JO  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
JF  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
J1  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
PY  - 2002/04//
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 03760421
AB  - Verification and validation (V&V) are the primary means to assess accuracy and reliability in computational simulations. This paper presents an extensive review of the literature in V&V in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), discusses methods and procedures for assessing V&V, and develops a number of extensions to existing ideas. The review of the development of V&V terminology and methodology points out the contributions from members of the operations research, statistics, and CFD communities. Fundamental issues in V&V are addressed, such as code verification versus solution verification, model validation versus solution validation, the distinction between error and uncertainty, conceptual sources of error and uncertainty, and the relationship between validation and prediction. The fundamental strategy of verification is the identification and quantification of errors in the computational model and its solution. In verification activities, the accuracy of a computational solution is primarily measured relative to two types of highly accurate solutions: analytical solutions and highly accurate numerical solutions. Methods for determining the accuracy of numerical solutions are presented and the importance of software testing during verification activities is emphasized. The fundamental strategy of validation is to assess how accurately the computational results compare with the experimental data, with quantified error and uncertainty estimates for both. This strategy employs a hierarchical methodology that segregates and simplifies the physical and coupling phenomena involved in the complex engineering system of interest. A hypersonic cruise missile is used as an example of how this hierarchical structure is formulated. The discussion of validation assessment also encompasses a number of other important topics. A set of guidelines is proposed for designing and conducting validation experiments, supported by an explanation of how validation experiments are different from traditional experiments and testing. A description is given of a relatively new procedure for estimating experimental uncertainty that has proven more effective at estimating random and correlated bias errors in wind-tunnel experiments than traditional methods. Consistent with the authors’ contention that nondeterministic simulations are needed in many validation comparisons, a three-step statistical approach is offered for incorporating experimental uncertainties into the computational analysis. The discussion of validation assessment ends with the topic of validation metrics, where two sample problems are used to demonstrate how such metrics should be constructed. In the spirit of advancing the state of the art in V&V, the paper concludes with recommendations of topics for future research and with suggestions for needed changes in the implementation of V&V in production and commercial software. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Aerospace Sciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FLUID dynamic measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 7854335; Source Information: Apr2002, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p209; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FLUID dynamic measurements; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 64p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - Hirabayashi, Joy M.
AU  - Mancieri, Saverio P.
AU  - Jin, Alfred L.
AU  - Folks, Karen J.
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
AU  - Estacio, Pete
T1  - Chemical and Biological Agent Incident Response and Decision Process for Civilian and Public Sector Facilities.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
EP  - 202
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - In the event of a terrorist attack or catastrophic release involving potential chemical and/or biological warfare agents, decisionmakers will need to make timely and informed choices about whether, or how, to respond. The objective of this article is to provide a decision framework to specify initial and follow-up actions, including possible decontamination, and to address long-term health and environmental issues. This decision framework consists of four phases, beginning with the identification of an incident and ending with verification that cleanup and remediation criteria have been met. The flowchart takes into account both differences and similarities among potential agents or toxins at key points in the decisionmaking process. Risk evaluation and communication of information to the public must be done throughout the process to ensure a successful effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - TERRORISM
KW  - BIOLOGICAL warfare
KW  - BIOLOGICAL decontamination
KW  - TOXINS
KW  - biological warfare agent
KW  - Chemical warfare agent
KW  - decontamination
KW  - decontamination decision process
N1  - Accession Number: 6650502; Raber, Ellen 1; Email Address: Raber1@llnl.gov; Hirabayashi, Joy M. 1; Mancieri, Saverio P. 1; Jin, Alfred L. 1; Folks, Karen J. 1; Carlsen, Tina M. 1; Estacio, Pete 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Protection Department, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p195; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: TERRORISM; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL warfare; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL decontamination; Subject Term: TOXINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: biological warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: decontamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: decontamination decision process; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, J. Arlin
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque
T1  - Decision Analysis for Transportation Risk Management
JO  - Risk Decision and Policy
JF  - Risk Decision and Policy
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
SP  - 35
EP  - 43
SN  - 13575309
N1  - Accession Number: 0615176; Keywords: Risk;  Transportation; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200208
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
KW  - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty          D81
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mann, Linda
AU  - Tolbert, Virginia
AU  - Cushman, Janet
T1  - Potential environmental effects of corn (Zea mays L.) stover removal with emphasis on soil organic matter and erosion
JO  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
JF  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 89
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 166
SN  - 01678809
AB  - Recent concerns about CO2 emissions and global warming have prompted renewed interest in using corn stover for energy production. Lack of markets, concerns about sustained soil productivity, and lack of commercial conversion technologies have precluded the widespread harvest of corn residues for this purpose. This paper reviews existing literature to evaluate the major environmental impacts potentially associated with stover harvest from reduced tillage corn production sites. Issues of greatest concern are erosion and soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics, the latter both for its role in soil quality and yield and for global carbon cycle implications. About half of the literature examined concerned research in the United States, many publications described research activities conducted for decades, and major soil types in corn producing regions were well represented. Regional differences were primarily temperature and rainfall effects on stand establishment and yield, with potential feedback effects on SOC. Several research papers discussing the effects of residue harvest were found, but few field studies were found that explicitly studied the effects of corn stover harvest and most discussions acknowledge potential tradeoffs among beneficial and adverse effects. It was concluded that more information is needed on several topics to determine potential long-term effects of residue harvest, including (1) erosion and water quality, especially pesticides and nitrate, (2) rates of transformation of different forms of SOC, (3) effects on soil biota, and (4) SOC dynamics in the subsoil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Soil productivity
KW  - Corn
KW  - Markets
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Harvest
KW  - Residue
KW  - Review
KW  - Soil quality
N1  - Accession Number: 13481973; Mann, Linda 1; Email Address: lkm@ornl.gov; Tolbert, Virginia 1; Email Address: vrt@ornl.gov; Cushman, Janet 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA;  Source Info: May2002, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p149; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Soil productivity; Subject Term: Corn; Subject Term: Markets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harvest; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Review; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil quality; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allwine, K. Jerry
AU  - Thistle, Harold W.
AU  - Teske, Milton E.
AU  - Anhold, John
T1  - THE AGRICULTURAL DISPERSAL-VALLEY DRIFT SPRAY DRIFT MODELING SYSTEM COMPARED WITH PESTICIDE DRIFT DATA.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1085
EP  - 1090
SN  - 07307268
AB  - The coupling of the valley drift (VALDRIFT) atmospheric dispersion/deposition model with the agricultural dispersal (AGDISP) aircraft wake model generates a modeling system for predicting the off-target drift of pesticides sprayed in a mountain valley. The approach uses the AGDISP near-field spray model to estimate the mass fraction of pesticide remaining airborne after initial application, then the VALDRIFT complex terrain model to estimate the drift of pesticide from the target area. The modeling system inputs include detailed spray information, a measure (or estimate) of winds in the valley, and the valley topographic characteristics; the results are pesticide concentrations throughout the valley atmosphere and pesticide deposition to the valley surface. The AGDISP and VALDRIFT models are operated independently, with the results from AGDISP being used as input to VALDRIFT through user-created data files. The modeling system was evaluated using pesticide drift data from spray trials conducted in the Mill Creek Canyon of Utah's Wasatch Mountains, USA, during the late spring of 1993. The predicted deposition compared within a factor of three of the observations (70% of the time) at all sampling locations extending several kilometers down-valley from the spray treatment block. The overall average ratio of predicted-to-observed deposition was 0.9. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Agricultural chemicals
KW  - Atmospheric deposition
KW  - Spraying
KW  - Utah
KW  - Aerial application
KW  - Atmospheric modeling
KW  - Complex terrain
KW  - Pesticide drift
N1  - Accession Number: 15940021; Allwine, K. Jerry 1; Email Address: jerry.allwine@pnl.gov; Thistle, Harold W. 2; Teske, Milton E. 3; Anhold, John 4; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA; 2 : U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 180 Canfield Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505; 3 : Continuum Dynamics, 34 Lexington Avenue, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, USA; 4 : U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 2500 South Pine Knoll Drive, Flagstaff, Arizona 86001;  Source Info: May2002, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1085; Thesaurus Term: Pesticides; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural chemicals; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric deposition; Thesaurus Term: Spraying; Subject: Utah; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerial application; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex terrain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pesticide drift; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Small, J. A
AU  - Michael, J. R
AU  - Bright, D. S
T1  - Improving the quality of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns from nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 206
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
EP  - 178
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary In this study, we investigated the relative contributions of atomic number (Z) and density (ρ) to the degradation of the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) pattern quality for nanoparticles < 500 nm in diameter. This was accomplished by minimizing the diffuse scattering from the conventional thick mounting substrate through the design of a sample holder that can accommodate particles mounted on thin-film TEM substrates. With this design, the contributions of incoherently scattered electrons that result in the diffuse background are minimized. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons were made of the EBSD pattern quality obtained from Al2 O3 particles approximately 200 nm in diameter mounted on both thick- and thin-film C substrates. For the quantitative comparison we developed a ‘quality’ factor for EBSD patterns that is based on the ratio of two Hough transforms derived from a given EBSD pattern image. The calculated quality factor is directly proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio for the EBSD pattern. In addition to the comparison of the thick and thin mounting substrates, we also estimated the effects of Z and ρ by comparing the EBSD pattern quality from the Al2 O3 particles mounted on thin-film substrates with the quality of patterns obtained from Fe–Co nanoparticles approximately 120 nm in diameter. The results indicate that the increased background generated in EBSD patterns by the electrons escaping through the bottom of the small particles is the dominant reason for the poor EBSD pattern quality from nanoparticles < 500 nm in size. This was supported by the fact that we were able to obtain usable EBSD patterns from Al2 O3 particles as small as 130 nm using the thin-film mounting method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - DIFFRACTIVE scattering
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Diffraction
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - Crystallographic identification
KW  - EBSD
KW  - individual-particle analysis
KW  - nanoparticles
KW  - phase identification
KW  - SEM
N1  - Accession Number: 6631397; Small, J. A 1; Michael, J. R 2; Bright, D. S 1; Source Information: May2002, Vol. 206 Issue 2, p170; Subject: BACKSCATTERING; Subject: DIFFRACTIVE scattering; Subject: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Diffraction; Subject: NANOPARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallographic identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: EBSD; Author-Supplied Keyword: individual-particle analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEM; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01015.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=6631397&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bukharin, Oleg
AU  - Doyle, James
T1  - Verification of the Shutdown or Converted Status of Excess Warhead Production Capacity: Technology Options and Policy Issues.
JO  - Science & Global Security
JF  - Science & Global Security
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 124
SN  - 08929882
AB  - Russia's Ministry of Atomic Energy has announced that nuclear warhead assembly and disassembly will be phased out at two out of four existing facilities. Arms reductions could result in a closure of additional facilities in Russia and other nuclear weapons states. A transparency regime to monitor their shutdown or converted status could become an important element of future arms control and nonproliferation initiatives as well as a possible element of the emerging U.S.-Russian nuclear security partnership. This article explores possible approaches to monitoring former warhead assembly facilities and discusses anticipated difficulties of implementing such a transparency regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science & Global Security is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - RUSSIA
N1  - Accession Number: 11551270; Bukharin, Oleg 1; Email Address: bukharin@princeton.edu; Doyle, James 2; Affiliations: 1 : Program on Science and Global Security, Princeton University; 2 : Nonproliferation Security Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory;  Source Info: May2002, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p103; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject: RUSSIA; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryon, Michael G.
AU  - Stewart, Arthur J.
AU  - Kszos, Lynn A.
AU  - Phipps, Terry L.
T1  - Impacts on Streams from the Use of Sulfur-Based Compounds for Dechlorinating Industrial Effluents.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 136
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 268
SN  - 00496979
AB  - We evaluate environmental impacts associated with sulfur-based dechlorinating agents (sodium bisulfite and sodium thiosulfate) commonly used in industrial wastewater treatment by presenting data from two examples for Department of Energy facilities in Tennessee and Kentucky. One case involved a fish kill (> 24,000 fish) caused directly by sodium bisulfite; the second describes a near-miss situation resulting from over-dosing with sodium thiosulfate. Toxicity tests showed that overfeed situations with sodium thiosulfate or sodium bisulfite can depress pH and dissolved oxygen, causing mortality of fish. Bacteria also can metabolize some sulfur-based dechlorinating agents, thereby increasing the potential for reductions in pH and concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Although removing toxic levels of chlorine is important when releasing chlorine-containing wastewaters to aquatic systems, waste-treatment plant operators should also be aware of significant impacts that can occur if sulfur-based dechlorinating agents are used to excess. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water utilities
KW  - Wastewater treatment
KW  - Industrial wastes
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Waste products
KW  - Sewage -- Purification
KW  - dechlorination
KW  - fish kill
KW  - sodium bisulfite
KW  - sodium thiosulfate
KW  - toxicity
KW  - wastewater management
N1  - Accession Number: 16603720; Ryon, Michael G. 1; Email Address: ryonmg@ornl.gov; Stewart, Arthur J. 1; Kszos, Lynn A. 1; Phipps, Terry L. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6036; 2 : Parametrix Inc., 5808 Lake Washington Blvd, NE, Kirkland, WA 98033-7350;  Source Info: May2002, Vol. 136 Issue 1-4, p255; Thesaurus Term: Water utilities; Thesaurus Term: Wastewater treatment; Thesaurus Term: Industrial wastes; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Waste products; Thesaurus Term: Sewage -- Purification; Author-Supplied Keyword: dechlorination; Author-Supplied Keyword: fish kill; Author-Supplied Keyword: sodium bisulfite; Author-Supplied Keyword: sodium thiosulfate; Author-Supplied Keyword: toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: wastewater management; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106969403
T1  - Computers in the elementary school classroom.
AU  - Bennett CL
Y1  - 2002/05//
N1  - Accession Number: 106969403. Language: English. Entry Date: 20021018. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Europe; Peer Reviewed; UK & Ireland. NLM UID: 9204382. 
KW  - Ergonomics
KW  - Pediatric Care
KW  - Computers and Computerization -- Utilization -- In Infancy and Childhood
KW  - Furniture Design
KW  - Ergonomics -- Education
KW  - Teachers -- Education
KW  - Students, Elementary
KW  - Child
SP  - 281
EP  - 285
JO  - Work
JF  - Work
JA  - WORK
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
PB  - IOS Press
AB  - Children now use computers throughout their education. As schools have focused on purchasing computers and providing internet access, there has been little consideration of ergonomics. Even if educators and school administrators acknowledge students would benefit from better ergonomics, they may assume it is too expensive or not know where to begin. This paper describes one process used to implement low cost ergonomic improvements and provide training for teachers, staff and students in an elementary school.
SN  - 1051-9815
AD  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-309, Livermore, CA 94551; bennett13@llnl.gov
U2  - PMID: 12441568.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Jeff Tollefson, Photos courtesy of Los Alamos National Laboratory
T1  - ORIGINS OF THE ICEMAN
JO  - Santa Fe New Mexican
JF  - Santa Fe New Mexican
J1  - Santa Fe New Mexican
PY  - 2002/05/27/
Y1  - 2002/05/27/
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
PB  - Y
AB  - ; International researchers join Los Alamos National Laboratory officials for a free public lecture called ‘Iceman! What we know so far.’ [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
N1  - Accession Number: 455205135; Source Information: 05/27/2002, pB-1; Number of Pages: B-1; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - n5h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Picker, Randal C.
AD  - U Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory
T1  - Copyright As Entry Policy: The Case of Digital Distribution
JO  - Antitrust Bulletin
JF  - Antitrust Bulletin
Y1  - 2002///Summer-Fall 2002
VL  - 47
IS  - 2-3
SP  - 423
EP  - 463
SN  - 0003603X
N1  - Accession Number: 0616383; Keywords: Copyright;  Entry; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200209
KW  - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms          L11
KW  - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital          O34
KW  - Property Law          K11
KW  - Antitrust Law          K21
KW  - Entertainment; Media          L82
KW  - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software          L86
L3  - http://www.federallegalpublications.com/antitrust-bulletin/all
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UR  - http://www.federallegalpublications.com/antitrust-bulletin/all
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Branagan, D.J.
AU  - Tang, Yali
T1  - Developing extreme hardness (>15 GPa) in iron based nanocomposites
JO  - Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing
JF  - Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 855
SN  - 1359835X
AB  - Through a unique methodology, novel nanocomposite microstructures were created in a bulk iron based alloy by first processing into a glass condition followed by devitrifying the glass through heat treating above the crystallization temperature. The as-crystallized microstructure was made up of three nanoscale phases; α-Fe, Fe23C6, and Fe3B phases. Vickers hardness testing revealed a maximum hardness of 16.2 GPa which is significantly harder than existing commercial steel alloys and hardmetals. Detailed structural studies uncovered two important factors which contribute to the development of this extreme hardness; reductions in microstructure scale to the nanometer regime and supersaturation of transition metal alloying elements significantly above their equilibrium solubility limits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - GLASS
KW  - A. Glasses
KW  - A. Nano-structures
KW  - B. Hardness
KW  - B. Microstructure
KW  - Rapid solidification
N1  - Accession Number: 7811319; Branagan, D.J. 1; Email Address: brandj@inel.gov; Tang, Yali 2; Affiliations: 1: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2218, USA; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p855; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: GLASS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nano-structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rapid solidification; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Limburg, Karin E.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Costanza, Robert
AU  - Farber, Stephen
T1  - Complex systems and valuation
JO  - Ecological Economics
JF  - Ecological Economics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
SN  - 09218009
AB  - Ecological and economic systems are undeniably complex. Whereas a goal of delineating ‘ecosystem services’ is to make readily apparent some of the important ways in which ecosystems underpin human welfare, insights are also gained by appreciating the nonlinear dynamic properties of ecosystems. In this paper, we review some of the relevant characteristics of complex systems. Ecosystems and economic systems share many properties, but valuation has typically been driven by short-term human preferences. Here we argue that as the force of humanity increases on the planet, ecosystem service valuation will need to switch from choosing among resources to valuing the avoidance of catastrophic ecosystem change. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOLOGICAL disturbances
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - Complex system dynamics
KW  - Ecosystem services
KW  - Human welfare
KW  - Valuation
N1  - Accession Number: 7840922; Limburg, Karin E. 1; Email Address: klimburg@esf.edu; O'Neill, Robert V. 2; Costanza, Robert 3; Farber, Stephen 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental/Forest Biology, College of Environmental Sciences and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 3: Institute of Ecological Economics, Center for Environmental Science, University of Maryland, Solomons, MD 20688, USA; 4: Department of Economics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p409; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL disturbances; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex system dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem services; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human welfare; Author-Supplied Keyword: Valuation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tran, Liem T.
AU  - Knight, C. Gregory
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Smith, Elizabeth R.
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
AU  - Wickham, James
T1  - Fuzzy Decision Analysis for Integrated Environmental Vulnerability Assessment of the Mid-Atlantic Region1.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 845
EP  - 859
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - A fuzzy decision analysis method for integrating ecological indicators was developed. This was a combination of a fuzzy ranking method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The method was capable of ranking ecosystems in terms of environmental conditions and suggesting cumulative impacts across a large region. Using data on land cover, population, roads, streams, air pollution, and topography of the Mid-Atlantic region, we were able to point out areas that were in relatively poor condition and/or vulnerable to future deterioration. The method offered an easy and comprehensive way to combine the strengths of fuzzy set theory and the AHP for ecological assessment. Furthermore, the suggested method can serve as a building block for the evaluation of environmental policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Environmental impact charges
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Ecological indicators
KW  - Fuzzy decision analysis
KW  - Vulnerability assessment
KW  - Vulnerability assessment; Fuzzy decision analysis; Ecological indicators
N1  - Accession Number: 15311289; Tran, Liem T. 1; Email Address: LTTI@pstt.edu; Knight, C. Gregory 1,2; O'Neill, Robert V. 3; Smith, Elizabeth R. 4; Riitters, Kurt H. 5; Wickham, James 4; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Integrated Regional Assessment, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; 2 : Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; 3 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 4 : US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 5 : US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;  Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p845; Thesaurus Term: Environmental law; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact charges; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Subject Term: Decision making; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological indicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuzzy decision analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vulnerability assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vulnerability assessment; Fuzzy decision analysis; Ecological indicators; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 007/s00267-001 -0054-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasco, Don W.
AU  - Karasaki, Kenzi
AU  - Nakagome, Osamu
T1  - Monitoring production using surface deformation: the Hijiori test site and the Okuaizu geothermal field, Japan
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Production in geothermal reservoirs often leads to observable surface displacement. As shown in this paper, there is a direct relationship between such displacement and reservoir dynamics. This relationship is exploited in order to image fluid flow at two geothermal field sites. At the first locality, the Hijiori Hot Dry Rock (HDR) test site, 17 tilt meters record deformation associated with a 2.2 km deep injection experiment. Images of fluid migration along a ring fracture system of the collapsed Hijiori caldera are obtained. At the Okuaizu geothermal field, leveling and tilt meter data provide constraints on long- and short-term fluid movement within the reservoir. A set of 119 leveling data suggest that the north-to-northeast trending Takiyagawa fault acts as a barrier to flow. The northwesterly oriented Chinoikezawa and Sarukurazawa faults appear to channel fluid from the southeast. The tilt data from Okuaizu indicate that a fault paralleling the Takiyagawa fault zone acts as a conduit to transient flow, on a time scale of several weeks. The volume strain in a region adjacent to the injection wells reaches a maximum and then decreases with time. The transient propagation of fluid along the fault may be due to pressure build-up, resulting from the re-initiation of injection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geothermal resources
KW  - Subsidences (Earth movements)
KW  - Hijiori
KW  - Inverse problems
KW  - Japan
KW  - Okuaizu
KW  - Subsidence
KW  - Surface tilt
N1  - Accession Number: 7795558; Vasco, Don W. 1; Email Address: dwvasco@lbl.gov; Karasaki, Kenzi 1; Nakagome, Osamu 2; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Earth Sciences, Building 90, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Japan Petroleum Exploration Co. Ltd., 2-2-2 Higashishinagawa, Shinagawaku, Tokyo 140-0002, Japan;  Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p303; Thesaurus Term: Geothermal resources; Subject Term: Subsidences (Earth movements); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hijiori; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Japan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Okuaizu; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subsidence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface tilt; Number of Pages: 40p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ehman, J. L
AU  - Schmid, H. P
AU  - Grimmond, C. S. B
AU  - Randolph, J. C
AU  - Hanson, P. J
AU  - Wayson, C. A
AU  - Cropley, F. D
T1  - An initial intercomparison of micrometeorological and ecological inventory estimates of carbon exchange in a mid-latitude deciduous forest.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
EP  - 589
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract The role of mid-latitude forests in the sequestration of carbon (C) is of interest to an increasing number of scientists and policy-makers alike. Net CO2 exchange can be estimated on an annual basis, using eddy-covariance techniques or from ecological inventories of C fluxes to and from a forest. Here we present an intercomparison of annual estimates of C exchange in a mixed hardwood forest in the Morgan-Monroe State Forest, Indiana, USA for two years, 1998 and 1999. Based on eddy-covariance measurements made at 1.8 times canopy height from a tower, C uptake by the forest was 237 and 287 g C m-2 y-1 for 1998 and 1999, respectively. For the same time period, biometric and ecophysiological measures and modelled estimates of all significant carbon fluxes within deciduous forests were made, including: change in living biomass, aboveground and belowground detritus production, foliage consumption, and forest floor and soil respiration. Using this ecological inventory method for these same two time periods, C uptake was estimated to be 271 and 377 g C m-2 y-1 , which are 14.3% and 31.4% larger, respectively, than the tower-based values. The relative change between this method's annual estimates is consistent with that of the eddy-covariance based values. Our results indicate that the difference in annual C exchange rates was due to reduced heterotrophic soil respiration in 1999. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Forest microclimatology
KW  - Forest productivity
KW  - Forest soils
KW  - Biometry
KW  - Indiana
KW  - United States
KW  - biometry
KW  - Carbon fluxes
KW  - deciduous forest
KW  - ecophysiology
KW  - eddy covariance
KW  - micrometeorology
KW  - net ecosystem production
KW  - net primary production
KW  - soil respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 6703398; Ehman, J. L 1; Schmid, H. P 2; Grimmond, C. S. B 2; Randolph, J. C 1; Hanson, P. J 3; Wayson, C. A 1; Cropley, F. D 2; Affiliations: 1 : School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 47405,; 2 : Atmospheric Science Program, Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 47405,; 3 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA 37831;  Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p575; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Forest microclimatology; Thesaurus Term: Forest productivity; Thesaurus Term: Forest soils; Subject Term: Biometry; Subject: Indiana; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: biometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: deciduous forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecophysiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: eddy covariance; Author-Supplied Keyword: micrometeorology; Author-Supplied Keyword: net ecosystem production; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil respiration; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00492.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinton, Jonathan E.
AU  - Fridley, David G.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - A Guide to China's Energy Statistics
JO  - Journal of Energy Literature
JF  - Journal of Energy Literature
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
SP  - 22
EP  - 35
SN  - 13593714
N1  - Accession Number: 0614237; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: China; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200208
N2  - A tremendous amount of statistical material on China's energy system has become available since the 1980s. In this article, we provide an overview of the published sources on China's energy statistics, mainly concerning energy production and consumption. Aggregate statistics and balances are available through publications of the National Bureau of Statistics, and specialised publications present information on sectors and individual enterprises in greater detail. Some materials are available in English, while most are only in Chinese, and some key information is available on the internet. While shortcomings in coverage and quality affect many energy indicators, China's statistics can be used for meaningful analysis, provided that the factors affecting data quality are given due consideration, and checks using other indicators are performed.
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Natural Resources; Energy; Environment          P28
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldman, Charles A.
AU  - Barbose, Galen L.
AU  - Eto, Joseph H.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
T1  - California Customer Load Reductions during the Electricity Crisis: Did They Help to Keep the Lights On?
JO  - Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade
JF  - Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 113
EP  - 142
SN  - 15661679
N1  - Accession Number: 1273382; Keywords: Electricity; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 201112
N2  - During summer 2001, Californians reduced electricity usage by 6% and average monthly peak demand by 8%, compared to summer 2000. These load reductions played an important role in avoiding the hundreds of hours of rotating power outages predicted several months prior. Many factors affected electricity use and peak demand in summer 2001, including weather, changes in the State's economy, and deliberate consumer responses to a variety of stimuli associated with the crisis. This paper assesses the roles played by these contributing factors, with a special focus on the extraordinary efforts made by Californians to reduce electricity consumption. We review the role of media coverage and informational campaigns on public awareness and the impact of rate increases and a variety of publicly funded programs in reducing electricity consumption. We also draw lessons for other regions that may be faced with the prospect of electricity shortages.
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Industry Studies: Utilities and Transportation: Government Policy          L98
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10842
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=1273382&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020883005951
UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10842
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeonbae Kim
AU  - Ernst Worrell
T1  - CO2 Emission Trends in the Cement Industry: An International Comparison.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
EP  - 133
SN  - 13812386
AB  - We present an in-depth decomposition analysis using physical indicators of trends in Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the cement industry in Brazil, China, South Korea and the United States. Physical indicators allow a detailed analysis of intra-sectoral trends, in contrast to the often used monetary indicators. We assess the contribution of different factors affecting CO2 emissions in the cement industry, including change in product mix, efficiency of power generation, changes in fuel mix and changes in energy efficiency. The decomposition results show that in all examined countries, increased production was the main contributor to the increase in total CO2 emissions. Energy-efficiency improvement is the most important factor that led to the reduction of emission intensities for all countries except Korea. For Korea, structural change in the product mix is the most important factor contributing to the emission intensity reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Decomposition (Chemistry)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Cement industries
N1  - Accession Number: 20391697; Yeonbae Kim 1; Ernst Worrell 2; Affiliations: 1 : Economic Analysis Team, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, 161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-350, Korea Republic; 2 : Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p115; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Decomposition (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject Term: Cement industries; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ratnayeke, Shyamala
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A
AU  - Pelton, Michael R
T1  - Genetic relatedness and female spatial organization in a solitary carnivore, the raccoon, Procyon lotor.
JO  - Molecular Ecology
JF  - Molecular Ecology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1115
EP  - 1124
SN  - 09621083
AB  - Abstract Among mammals, some of the most common types of cohesive social groupings originate from natal philopatry through the extended mother family. This retention of females within social groups (i.e. the nonrandom dispersion of female relatives in space) should affect population genetic structure. We examined the relationship between genetic relatedness and female spatial organization in a wild population of the North-American raccoon, Procyon lotor , a solitary carnivore in east Tennessee. Multilocus genetic band-sharing data and 3½ years of radiotelemetry observations were used to study the spatial and genetic relationships among 38 adult females. DNA amplification employing primers of arbitrary sequence (random amplified polymorphic DNA; RAPD) indicated that female philopatry in raccoons led to a greater likelihood of neighbours being more related than expected by chance. Genetic distance based on RAPD band frequency was positively correlated with spatial distance among females (P = 0.0001) and genetic similarity was positively correlated with the extent of home-range overlap (P = 0.0028). Philopatry seemed biased towards females; average female–female similarities were greater than average male–male similarities (P = 0.0001), or average male–female similarities (P = 0.0001). High home-range overlap among some females with low or moderate levels of band sharing indicated that maternal inheritance of space was not a prerequisite for establishing or sharing home ranges. Female philopatry was the most probable explanation for the nonrandom spatial and genetic association of raccoons in east Tennessee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RACCOON
KW  - ECOLOGICAL genetics
KW  - female dispersion
KW  - geographical space
KW  - philopatry
KW  - RAPD
N1  - Accession Number: 6837743; Ratnayeke, Shyamala 1; Tuskan, Gerald A 2; Pelton, Michael R 3; Source Information: Jun2002, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p1115; Subject: RACCOON; Subject: ECOLOGICAL genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: female dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographical space; Author-Supplied Keyword: philopatry; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAPD; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01505.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McConnell, R.D.
T1  - Assessment of the dye-sensitized solar cell
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 13640321
AB  - The field of solar electricity, or photovoltaics (PV), is rich in that there are many materials and concepts for converting sunlight into electricity. The technologies accepted as conventional are those well along in the process of commercialization. The dye-sensitized solar cell, developed in the 1990s, is a nonconventional solar electric technology that has attracted much attention, perhaps a result of its record cell efficiency above 10%. This paper reviews the technology, discusses new research results and approaches presented at a recent symposium of many of the world''s important dye solar cell researchers, and presents an assessment of the dye-sensitized solar cell in a comparison with current conventional solar electric technologies. It concludes the dye solar cell has potential for becoming a cost-effective means for producing electricity, capable of competing with available solar electric technologies and, eventually, with today''s conventional power technologies. But it is a relatively new technology and faces many hurdles on the path to commercialization. Because of its potential, this assessment recommends further funding for research and development (R&D) of the dye-sensitized solar cell technology on the basis of the promising technical characteristics of the technology, a strong US and worldwide research base, positive industry interest, and today''s relatively small funding allocation for its R&D. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar energy
KW  - Solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 7828106; McConnell, R.D. 1; Email Address: robert_mcconnell@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Basic Sciences, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, M/S 3211, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA;  Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p271; Thesaurus Term: Solar energy; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J.C.
AU  - Davis, F.J.
T1  - Illustration of Sampling-Based Methods for Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 591
EP  - 622
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - A sequence of linear, monotonic, and nonmonotonic test problems is used to illustrate sampling-based uncertainty and sensitivity analysis procedures. Uncertainty results obtained with replicated random and Latin hypercube samples are compared, with the Latin hypercube samples tending to produce more stable results than the random samples. Sensitivity results obtained with the following procedures and/or measures are illustrated and compared: correlation coefficients (CCs), rank correlation coefficients (RCCs), common means (CMNs), common locations (CLs), common medians (CMDs), statistical independence (SI), standardized regression coefficients (SRCs), partial correlation coefficients (PCCs), standardized rank regression coefficients (SRRCs), partial rank correlation coefficients (PRCCs), stepwise regression analysis with raw and rank-transformed data, and examination of scatter plots. The effectiveness of a given procedure and/or measure depends on the characteristics of the individual test problems, with (1) linear measures (i.e., CCs, PCCs, SRCs) performing well on the linear test problems, (2) measures based on rank transforms (i.e., RCCs, PRCCs, SRRCs) performing well on the monotonic test problems, and (3) measures predicated on searches for nonrandom patterns (i.e., CMNs, CLs, CMDs, SI) performing well on the nonmonotonic test problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
KW  - Chi-square
KW  - Common mean
KW  - common median
KW  - correlation coefficient
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Kruskal-Wallis
KW  - Latin hypercube sampling
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - partial correlation coefficient
KW  - random sampling
KW  - Rank transform
KW  - regression analysis
KW  - replicated sampling
KW  - scatter plot
KW  - sensitivity analysis
KW  - standardized regression coefficient
KW  - statistical independence
KW  - stepwise regression
KW  - Subjective uncertainty
KW  - uncertainty analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 6778327; Helton, J.C. 1; Davis, F.J. 2; Email Address: jchelto@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1804, USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0779, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p591; Thesaurus Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chi-square; Author-Supplied Keyword: Common mean; Author-Supplied Keyword: common median; Author-Supplied Keyword: correlation coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kruskal-Wallis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latin hypercube sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: partial correlation coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: random sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rank transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: regression analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: replicated sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: scatter plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensitivity analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: standardized regression coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: statistical independence; Author-Supplied Keyword: stepwise regression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subjective uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marsh, Laura K.
T1  - A Wonder Lost or Wander Lust: Tourists Visit Monkeys in the Wild.
JO  - Curator
JF  - Curator
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 212
SN  - 00113069
AB  - A pilot study was conducted on tourists' behavior in the Community Baboon Sanctuary, Belize, where tourists observed the Central American black howler monkey (Alouatta pigra). The most visited site was a 1.25-ha semi-deciduous forest fragment surrounded by private homes and tropical pine savanna. Out of 83 visits by tour groups, nine were longer than 25 minutes and six were less than two minutes. Eliminating the high and low values, an average of 12 minutes was spent by tourists viewing the monkeys (range 4.0-25.0 minutes). By comparison, great apes in captivity are also viewed for an average of 12 minutes. Thus, tourists watch wild primates approximately as long as they watch captive ones. This study challenges researchers to further investigate in situ ecotourism as it relates to the broader conservation goals of zoos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Curator is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Tourists
KW  - Black howler monkey
KW  - Wildlife refuges -- Belize
KW  - Wildlife watching
KW  - Wildlife viewing sites
KW  - Community Baboon Sanctuary (Belize)
KW  - Belize
N1  - Accession Number: 35568796; Marsh, Laura K. 1; Email Address: Ikmarsh@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Ecology, Los Alamos National Laboratory and Science Programs Specialist for the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, Mail Stop M887, Los Alamos, NM 87545;  Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p199; Subject Term: Tourists; Subject Term: Black howler monkey; Subject Term: Wildlife refuges -- Belize; Subject Term: Wildlife watching; Subject Term: Wildlife viewing sites; Subject Term: Community Baboon Sanctuary (Belize); Subject: Belize; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blatecky, Alan
AU  - West, Ann
AU  - Spada, Mary
T1  - Middleware.
JO  - Educause Review
JF  - Educause Review
J1  - Educause Review
PY  - 2002/07//Jul/Aug2002
Y1  - 2002/07//Jul/Aug2002
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 15276619
AB  - Provides information about middleware and middleware-related developments.  Concept of middleware; Functions of middleware in electronic science activities and production-level campus support and services; Development of computation capabilities; Reasons behind the formation of the National Science Foundation Middleware Initiative.
KW  - MIDDLEWARE
KW  - COMPUTER software industry
N1  - Accession Number: 7076243; Source Information: Jul/Aug2002, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p24; Subject Term: MIDDLEWARE; Subject Term: COMPUTER software industry; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 8p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - trh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott, Michael J.
AU  - Sands, Ronald D.
AU  - Rosenberg, Norman J.
AU  - César Izaurralde, R.
T1  - Future N2O from US agriculture: projecting effects of changing land use, agricultural technology, and climate on N2O emissions
JO  - Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions
JF  - Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 09593780
AB  - This paper presents results from simulated technology and market relationships governing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from US agriculture for the purpose of conducting policy-sensitive emissions modeling of this greenhouse gas. We have modified the emissions framework of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Phase II guidelines developed by the IPCC and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for national emissions inventories, and have linked it to operate with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory''s Agriculture and Land Use (AgLU) model. The paper shows that, in the context of moderate climate change, improvements in fertilizer application efficiency and animal management makes it possible to reduce total agricultural N emissions in 2080 to about 1995 levels, which is about 20% below the projected baseline value. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Agriculture -- United States
KW  - United States
KW  - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
N1  - Accession Number: 7850624; Scott, Michael J. 1; Email Address: michael.scott@pnl.gov; Sands, Ronald D. 2; Rosenberg, Norman J. 2; César Izaurralde, R. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K6-05, USA; 2 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740, USA;  Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p105; Thesaurus Term: Nitrous oxide; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Subject Term: Agriculture -- United States; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Atkins, David L.
AU  - Ball, Thomas
AU  - Graves, Todd L.
AU  - Mockus, Audris
T1  - Using Version Control Data to Evaluate the Impact of Software Tools: A Case Study of the Version Editor.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
PY  - 2002/07//
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 28
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
EP  - 637
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Software tools can improve the quality and maintainability of software, but are expensive to acquire, deploy, and maintain, especially in large organizations. We explore how to quantify the effects of a software tool once it has been deployed in a development environment. We present an effort-analysis method that derives tool usage statistics and developer actions from a project's change history (version control system) and uses a novel effort estimation algorithm to quantify the effort savings attributable to tool usage. We apply this method to assess the impact of a software tool called VE, a version-sensitive editor used in Bell Labs. VE aids software developers in coping with the rampant use of certain preprocessor directives (similar to #if/#endif in C source files). Our analysis found that developers were approximately 40 percent more productive when using VE than when using standard text editors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - MAINTENANCE
KW  - QUALITY
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - CASE studies
KW  - COMPUTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11942768; Source Information: Jul2002, Vol. 28 Issue 7, p625; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: MAINTENANCE; Subject Term: QUALITY; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: CASE studies; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 13p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X. F.
AU  - Yang, Q.
AU  - De Jonghe, L. C.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
T1  - Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis of aluminium segregation in silicon carbide grain boundaries.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 58
EP  - 68
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary The aluminium distribution in polycrystalline SiC hot-pressed with aluminium, boron and carbon additives was studied using X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Al excess in homophase SiC grain boundary films was determined, taking into account dissolved Al in the SiC lattice. In the spot-EDS analysis, an electron beam probe with a calibrated diameter was formed, and the total beam–specimen interaction volume was defined, taking the beam spreading through crystalline TEM foil into consideration. EDS spectra were collected from regions containing intergranular films and adjacent matrix grains, respectively. A theoretical treatment was presented and experimental errors were estimated, with a further discussion about the effects of foil thickness. Experimental examples are given, followed by statistical EDS analyses for grain boundary films in SiC samples hot-pressed with increased amounts of Al additions. The results demonstrated a substantial Al segregation in the nanometer-wide intergranular films in all samples. Al additions higher than 3 wt% saturated the Al concentrations in SiC grains and in grain boundary films. The effect of foil thickness, and the parameters for determining the optimum incident beam diameter in the EDS analysis are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Al
KW  - Energy-dispersive spectroscopy
KW  - grain boundary
KW  - impurity
KW  - SiC
KW  - transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7025274; Zhang, X. F. 1; Yang, Q. 2; De Jonghe, L. C. 1,2; Zhang, Z. 3; Source Information: Jul2002, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p58; Subject: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject: ALUMINUM; Subject: SILICON carbide; Subject: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-dispersive spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain boundary; Author-Supplied Keyword: impurity; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; Author-Supplied Keyword: transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01034.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106983182
T1  - Domain visualization using VXINSIGHT for science and technology management.
AU  - Boyack KW
AU  - Wylie BN
AU  - Davidson GS
Y1  - 2002/07//
N1  - Accession Number: 106983182. Language: English. Entry Date: 20021129. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Computer/Information Science; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program, Sandia National Laboratories, U.S. Dept of Energy, under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NLM UID: 101087008. 
KW  - Computer Graphics
KW  - Information Science
KW  - Information Retrieval
KW  - Software
KW  - Science
KW  - Concept Mapping
KW  - Funding Source
SP  - 764
EP  - 774
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology
JA  - J AM SOC INF SCI TECHNOL
VL  - 53
IS  - 9
CY  - Hoboken, New Jersey
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
SN  - 1532-2882
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, MS-0318, Albuquerque, NM 87185; kboyack@sandia.gov
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Waste Management and Planning: Edited by Jane C. Powell, R. Kerry Turner, Ian J. Bateman, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA, Hardback, ISBN 1 84064 217 3, p. 616
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 83
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 8545352; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Tech Division, Energy Analysis Department, Mail Stop 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p83; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Materials Matter, Towards a Sustainable Materials Policy: Kenneth Geiser (foreword by Barry Commoner), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, June 2001. Paperback/hardback, ISBN 0-262-57148-X, p. 317
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 84
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 8545353; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Tech Division, Energy Analysis Department, Mail Stop 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p84; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luxmoore, Robert J.
AU  - Hargrove, William W.
AU  - Lynn Tharp, M.
AU  - Mac Post, W.
AU  - Berry, Michael W.
AU  - Minser, Karen S.
AU  - Cropper Jr., Wendell P.
AU  - Johnson, Dale W.
AU  - Zeide, Boris
AU  - Amateis, Ralph L.
AU  - Burkhart, Harold E.
AU  - Baldwin Jr., V. Clark
AU  - Peterson, Kelly D.
T1  - Addressing multi-use issues in sustainable forest management with signal-transfer modeling
JO  - Forest Ecology & Management
JF  - Forest Ecology & Management
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 03781127
AB  - Management decisions concerning impacts of projected changes in environmental and social conditions on multi-use forest products and services, such as productivity, water supply or carbon sequestration, may be facilitated with signal-transfer modeling. This simulation method utilizes a hierarchy of simulators in which the integrated responses (signals) from smaller-scale process models are transferred and incorporated into the algorithms of larger spatial- and temporal-scale models of ecological and economic phenomena. Several innovative procedures germane to multi-issue sustainable forest management have been initiated in our signal-transfer modeling development for forests of the southeastern United States. These developments include response surface interpolation for multi-factor signal-transfer, use of loblolly pine modeling to infer the growth of other southern pines, determination of soil nutrient limitations to productivity, multivariate clustering as a spatial basis for defining land units relevant to forest management, and variance propagation through the modeling hierarchy. Algorithms for larger scale phenomena are shown to constrain the variance introduced from a smaller-scale in a simulation of ambient ozone exposure effects on loblolly pine timber yield. Outputs of forest variables are frequency distributions that may be statistically compared for alternative environmental or management scenarios. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Forest Ecology & Management is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Forest management
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Environmental change
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Multivariate clustering
KW  - Site index
KW  - Spatial and temporal scaling
N1  - Accession Number: 9456529; Luxmoore, Robert J. 1; Email Address: luxmoorerj@ornl.gov; Hargrove, William W. 1; Lynn Tharp, M. 1; Mac Post, W. 1; Berry, Michael W. 2; Minser, Karen S. 2; Cropper Jr., Wendell P. 3; Johnson, Dale W. 4; Zeide, Boris 5; Amateis, Ralph L. 6; Burkhart, Harold E. 6; Baldwin Jr., V. Clark 7; Peterson, Kelly D. 8; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 2 : Department of Computer Science, 107 Ayres Hall, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1301, USA; 3 : Center for Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA; 4 : Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV 89512-0013, USA; 5 : School of Forestry, University of Arkansas, Monticello, AR 71656-3468, USA; 6 : Department of Forestry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0324 V, USA; 7 : Southern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, P.O. Box 2680, Asheville, NC 28802, USA; 8 : Southern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360, USA;  Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 165 Issue 1-3, p295; Thesaurus Term: Forest management; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate clustering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site index; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial and temporal scaling; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cosentino, Lidia
AU  - Malling, Heinrich V.
AU  - Heddle, John. A.
T1  - Response of the φX174 am3, cs70 transgene to acute and chronic ENU exposure: implications for protocol design
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/07/25/
VL  - 518
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Studies of other transgenic assays have shown that time after treatment is a very important variable in the analysis of mutation frequencies but that eventually a plateau frequency is reached, indicating that the mutations are neutral. This neutrality is very important for the design of both experiments and testing protocols. Here we show that the φX174 am3, cs70 transgene gives qualitatively similar results to the other transgenes studied after exposure of the mice to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea . In the small intestine, the mutant frequency induced by an acute dose did not change significantly from 10 to 70 days post-treatment, indicating that the mutations induced are, indeed, neutral. Likewise, the mutant frequency increased linearly with duration of exposure to ENU at a constant rate. Mutant frequencies obtained were 10 times higher from the chronic exposure than produced by a nearly lethal acute dose. As in previous comparisons of a transgene and the endogenous Dlb-1 locus in the small intestine, the chronic exposure was much more effective at increasing the sensitivity of the transgene than of the endogenous gene. The Dlb-1 locus shows more complex kinetics in this strain, as in others, with mutations initially accumulating at a slower rate, indicating a differential repair of genetic damage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Transgenic mice
KW  - Mutagen
KW  - Treatment protocol
N1  - Accession Number: 7839651; Cosentino, Lidia 1,2; Email Address: cosentino1@llnl.gov; Malling, Heinrich V. 3; Heddle, John. A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, 7000 East Ave, 94550 Livermore, CA, USA; 2 : Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ont., Canada M3J 1P3; 3 : Mammaliam Genetics Group, Laboratory of Toxicology, Environmental Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA;  Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 518 Issue 2, p113; Thesaurus Term: Mutagens; Subject Term: Transgenic mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Treatment protocol; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhai, Zhiqiang
AU  - Chen, Qingyan
AU  - Haves, Philip
AU  - Klems, Joseph H.
T1  - On approaches to couple energy simulation and computational fluid dynamics programs
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 857
SN  - 03601323
AB  - Energy simulation (ES) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can play an important role in building design by providing complementary information of the building performance. However, separate applications of ES and CFD usually cannot give an accurate prediction of building thermal and flow behavior due to the assumptions used in the applications. An integration of ES and CFD can eliminate many of these assumptions, since the information provided by ES and CFD is complementary. This paper describes some efficient approaches to integrate ES and CFD, such as static and dynamic coupling strategies, in order to bridge the discontinuities of time-scale, spatial resolution and computing speed between ES and CFD programs. This investigation further demonstrates some of the strategies through two examples by using the EnergyPlus and MIT-CFD programs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Building design
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
KW  - Energy simulation
KW  - Integration
N1  - Accession Number: 7820138; Zhai, Zhiqiang 1; Chen, Qingyan 1; Email Address: qchen@mit.edu; Haves, Philip 2; Klems, Joseph H. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Architecture, Building Technology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 5-418, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307 USA; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 37 Issue 8/9, p857; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Integration; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Musy, Marjorie
AU  - Winkelmann, Frederick
AU  - Wurtz, Etienne
AU  - Sergent, Anne
T1  - Automatically generated zonal models for building air flow simulation: principles and applications
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
SN  - 03601323
AB  - In our formulation of zonal models for calculating room air temperature and flow distributions, the behavior of a room is represented by the connection of SPARK calculation modules. Modules to describe the building walls and various systems have been created. They form the models library. By assembling the appropriate modules, a zonal model of an entire building can be constructed. A model-generating tool called GenSPARK automates this process. SPARK solves the set of equations resulting from this construction to obtain the air flow and temperature distribution in the building. We describe our formulation of zonal models, show how GenSPARK works and give examples of configurations we are able to analyze. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air flow
KW  - Buildings -- Thermal properties
KW  - Temperature measurements
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Air-flow
KW  - Building simulation
KW  - GenSPARK
KW  - SPARK
KW  - Zonal model
N1  - Accession Number: 7820140; Musy, Marjorie 1; Email Address: musy@cerma.archi.fr; Winkelmann, Frederick 2; Wurtz, Etienne 3; Sergent, Anne 4; Affiliations: 1 : Centre de Recherche Méthodologique d'Architecture-Ecole d'Architecture de Nantes, Rue Massenet, BP 81931, 44319 Nantes Cedex 3, France; 2 : Laboratoire d'Etude des Phénomènes de Transfert Appliqués au Bâtiment, Université de La Rochelle, avenue Marillac, 17042 La Rochelle Cedex 1, France; 3 : Simulation Research Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4 : Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la Mécanique et les Sciences de l'Ingénieur BP 133, F-91403 Orsay Cedex, France;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 37 Issue 8/9, p873; Thesaurus Term: Air flow; Subject Term: Buildings -- Thermal properties; Subject Term: Temperature measurements; Subject Term: Mathematical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air-flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: GenSPARK; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPARK; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zonal model; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chin Jr., George
AU  - Myers, James
AU  - Hoyt, David
T1  - SOCIAL NETWORKS IN THE VIRTUAL SCIENCE LABORATORY.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 45
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 92
PB  - Association for Computing Machinery
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article focuses on functions of the U.S.-based Virtual Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility (VNMRF) as of August 1, 2002. The facility is located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington. Virtual science laboratories like VNMRF represent a compelling vision. They are consistent with the notion laid out by former chairman of the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board of the National Research Council William A. Wulf of a collaboratory or virtual science laboratory as a center without walls, in which the nation's researchers can perform their research without regard to geographical locatio. Such laboratories strive to be open research environments in which scientists from various disciplines collaborate on advanced research using leading-edge instruments and tools while reducing the physical, organizational and political boundaries that might otherwise inhibit them from frilly using their collective skills, abilities, and brainpower to solve the world's most challenging scientific problems.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - RICHLAND (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - WULF, William A.
N1  - Accession Number: 11863436; Chin Jr., George 1; Email Address: george.chin@pnl.gov; Myers, James 2; Email Address: jim.myers@pnl.gov; Hoyt, David; Email Address: david.w.hoyt@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Senior Research Scientist Fundamental Sciences Division of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; 2: Senior research Scientist in the Fundamental Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 45 Issue 8, p87; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject: RICHLAND (Wash.); Subject: WASHINGTON (State); Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; People: WULF, William A.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsueh, Chun-Hway
AU  - Ferber, Mattison K.
T1  - Apparent coefficient of thermal expansion and residual stresses in multilayer capacitors
JO  - Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing
JF  - Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1115
SN  - 1359835X
AB  - The thermal expansion behavior and residual stresses in multilayer capacitor (MLC) systems are analyzed in the present study. An MLC consists of a laminate of multiple alternating electrode layers and dielectric layers sandwiched between two ceramic cover layers. An analytical model is developed to derive simple closed-form solutions for the apparent coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of the laminate. Plasticity of electrodes is included in the analysis. The predicted apparent CTEs are compared with measurements of some laminated ceramic composites. The effects of plasticity on apparent CTEs and residual stresses in MLC systems are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - A. Laminates
KW  - B. Residual/internal stress
KW  - B. Thermomechanical
KW  - C. Analytical modelling
N1  - Accession Number: 7872448; Hsueh, Chun-Hway; Email Address: hsuchc@orn1.gov; Ferber, Mattison K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 33 Issue 8, p1115; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Laminates; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Residual/internal stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermomechanical; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Analytical modelling; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Watson, David B.
AU  - Wu, Liyou
AU  - Phillips, Debra H.
AU  - White, David C.
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
T1  - Microbiological Characteristics in a Zero-Valent Iron Reactive Barrier.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 309
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Zero-valent iron (Fe0)-based permeable reactive barrier treatment has been generating great interest for passive groundwater remediation, yet few studies have paid particular attention to the microbial activity and characteristics within and in the vicinity of the Fe0-barrier matrix. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the microbial population and community composition in the reducing zone of influence by Fe0 corrosion in the barrier at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant site. Both phospholipid fatty acids and DNA analyses were used to determine the total microbial population and microbial functional groups, including sulfate-reducing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and methanogens, in groundwater and soil/iron core samples. A diverse microbial community was identified in the strongly reducing Fe0 environment despite a relatively high pH condition within the Fe0 barrier (up to pH ∼ 10). In comparison with those found in the background soil/groundwater samples, the enhanced microbial population ranged from ∼ 1 to 3 orders of magnitude and appeared to increase from upgradient of the barrier to downgradient soil. In addition, microbial community composition appeared to change over time, and the bacterial types of microorganisms increased consistently as the barrier aged. DNA analysis indicated the presence of sulfate-reducing and denitrifying bacteria in the barrier and its surrounding soil. However, the activity of methanogens was found to be relatively low, presumably as a result of the competition by sulfate/metal-reducing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria because of the unlimited availability of sulfate and nitrate in the site groundwater. Results of this study provide evidence of a diverse microbial population within and in the vicinity of the iron barrier, although the important roles of microbial activity, either beneficially or detrimentally, on the longevity and enduring efficiency of the Fe0 barriers are yet to be evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Microorganisms -- Population biology
KW  - Denitrifying bacteria
KW  - Groundwater remediation
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Phospholipids
KW  - Deoxyribose
KW  - diversity
KW  - DNA
KW  - iron barriers
KW  - microbial activity
KW  - microorganisms
N1  - Accession Number: 16656125; Gu, Baohua 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov; Watson, David B. 2; Wu, Liyou 2; Phillips, Debra H. 2; White, David C. 3; Zhou, Jizhong 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. (author for correspondence, e-mail: ); 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.; 3 : Center for Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 77 Issue 3, p293; Thesaurus Term: Microorganisms -- Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Denitrifying bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater remediation; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Subject Term: Phospholipids; Subject Term: Deoxyribose; Author-Supplied Keyword: diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: iron barriers; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbial activity; Author-Supplied Keyword: microorganisms; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fair, Jeanne M.
AU  - Myers, Orrin B.
T1  - Early reproductive success of western bluebirds and ash-throated flycatchers: a landscape-contaminant perspective
JO  - Environmental Pollution
JF  - Environmental Pollution
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 118
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 330
SN  - 02697491
AB  - Eggshell quality, clutch size, sex ratio, and hatching success of western bluebirds (Sialia mexicana) and ash-throated flycatchers (Myiarchus cinerascens) were studied on a landscape-soil contaminant gradient at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in New Mexico from 1997 to 1999. A variety of contaminants (heavy metals, chemicals, insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorines, and radioactive isotopes) range across different spatial scales and concentrations on LANL land. This study is an example of a monitoring program over a large area with varying degree of contamination that is used to highlight locations of concern for future research. There were two locations where the flycatcher had a lower hatching success. The bluebirds at Sandia wetland, a location of concern for PCBs, had a thinner eggshell thickness index (RATCLIFFE) and the eggs were smaller than at other locations. The flycatcher had thinner eggshells than bluebirds, which could add to sensitivity to exposure to contaminants. There was no variation in clutch size or sex ratio between locations or areas closer to contaminant release sites for both species. Percent females in the clutch ranged from 0 to 100% in the WEBL and from 33 to 67% for ATFL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Pollution is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POPULATION biology
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Western bluebird
KW  - Flycatchers
KW  - Insects
KW  - SEX ratio
KW  - Ash-throated flycatcher
KW  - Eggshells
KW  - PCBs
KW  - Sex ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 7761600; Fair, Jeanne M. 1; Email Address: jmfair@lanl.gov; Myers, Orrin B. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Dynamics and Spatial Analysis, Los Alamos National Laboratory;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 118 Issue 3, p321; Thesaurus Term: POPULATION biology; Thesaurus Term: Polychlorinated biphenyls; Subject Term: Western bluebird; Subject Term: Flycatchers; Subject Term: Insects; Subject Term: SEX ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ash-throated flycatcher; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eggshells; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCBs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sex ratio; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 4 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - Numerical simulation of `multiphase tracer transport in fractured geothermal reservoirs
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Tracer transport in two-phase (liquid–gas) conditions is a complex process that involves advection, diffusion, and hydrodynamic dispersion. Volatile tracers may be strongly affected by partitioning between gas and liquid phases, and by exchanges between fractures and rock matrix. This paper presents a space-discretized treatment of tracer diffusion under multiphase conditions that is fully coupled with equilibrium phase partitioning. Our method is self-consistent and is applicable to any combination of gas and liquid phases in single and two-phase conditions, including the extreme case of diffusion across a sharp gas–water interface. It is shown that an uncoupled approach, in which diffusive fluxes in gas and liquid phases are evaluated separately and added, can lead to large errors. The coupled treatment of multiphase tracer diffusion has been implemented in the general-purpose geothermal reservoir simulator TOUGH2. Applications to strongly and weakly depleted zones at The Geysers vapor-dominated reservoir produce breakthrough curves (BTCs) whose features (timing, peak, tail) agree well with field observations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Geomorphological tracers
KW  - Geysers
KW  - Finite differences
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Numerical simulation
KW  - The Geysers
KW  - Tracer testing
KW  - USA
KW  - Vapor-dominated geothermal reservoirs
KW  - Volatile organic chemicals
N1  - Accession Number: 7883695; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: k_pruess@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p475; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion; Subject Term: Geomorphological tracers; Subject Term: Geysers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite differences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiphase flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: The Geysers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracer testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: USA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor-dominated geothermal reservoirs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile organic chemicals; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scurlock, J. M. O.
AU  - Johnson, K.
AU  - Olson, R. J.
T1  - Estimating net primary productivity from grassland biomass dynamics measurements.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 736
EP  - 753
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract To address the need for a high quality data set based upon field observations suitable for parameterization, calibration, and validation of terrestrial biosphere models, we have developed a comprehensive global database on net primary productivity (NPP). We have compiled field measurements of biomass and associated environmental data for multiple study sites in major grassland types worldwide. Where sufficient data were available, we compared aboveground and total NPP estimated by six computational methods (algorithms) for 31 grassland sites. As has been found previously, NPP estimates were 2–5 times higher using methods which accounted for the dynamics of dead matter, compared with what is still the most commonly applied estimate of NPP (maximum peak live biomass). It is suggested that assumptions such as the use of peak biomass as an indicator of NPP in grasslands may apply only within certain subbiomes, e.g. temperate steppe grasslands. Additional data on belowground dynamics, or other reliable estimates of belowground productivity, are required if grasslands are to be fully appreciated for their role in the global carbon cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Grasslands
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - aboveground
KW  - belowground
KW  - carbon cycle
KW  - data
KW  - grasslands
KW  - net primary productivity
N1  - Accession Number: 6960155; Scurlock, J. M. O. 1; Johnson, K. 1; Olson, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6407, USA;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 8 Issue 8, p736; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Grasslands; Subject Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: aboveground; Author-Supplied Keyword: belowground; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: data; Author-Supplied Keyword: grasslands; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary productivity; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00512.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Maser, J.
AU  - Paunesku, T.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
T1  - Report on the Workshop of Biological Applications of X-ray Microbeams.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 78
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 749
EP  - 752
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Highlights the workshop concerning the biological applications of x-ray microbeams.  Features of x-ray microbeams; Environmental and nanobiotechnological uses of x-ray microscopy; Benefits provided by x-ray microprobes.
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
N1  - Accession Number: 7084010; Lai, B. 1; Maser, J. 1; Paunesku, T.; Woloschak, G. E.; Source Information: Aug2002, Vol. 78 Issue 8, p749; Subject: X-ray microscopy; Subject: CONFERENCES & conventions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000210121759
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bustard, C. Jean
AU  - Durham, Michael
AU  - Lindsey, Charles
AU  - Starns, Travis
AU  - Baldrey, Ken
AU  - Martin, Cameron
AU  - Schlagar, Richard
AU  - Sjostrom, Sharon
AU  - Slye, Rick
AU  - Renninger, Scott
AU  - Monroe, Larry
AU  - Miller, Richard
AU  - Chang, Ramsay
T1  - Full-Scale Evaluation of Mercury Control with Sorbent Injection and COHPAC at Alabama Power E.C. Gaston.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Discusses the full-scale evaluation of mercury control with sorbent injection and compact hybrid particulate collector (COHPAC) at Alabama Power E.C. Gaston. Cost assessment of COHPAC in controlling Hg; Measurement of removal efficiency of Hg; Implications of the above study.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Mercury wastes
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Cost effectiveness
N1  - Accession Number: 12493664; Bustard, C. Jean; Durham, Michael; Lindsey, Charles; Starns, Travis; Baldrey, Ken; Martin, Cameron; Schlagar, Richard; Sjostrom, Sharon 1; Slye, Rick 1; Renninger, Scott 2; Monroe, Larry 3; Miller, Richard 4; Chang, Ramsay; Affiliations: 1 : Apogee Scientific, Englewood, Colorado.; 2 : National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia.; 3 : Southern Company, Birmingham, Alabama.; 4 : Hamon Research Cottrell, Inc., Walnutport, Pennsylvania.;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 52 Issue 8, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Mercury wastes; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Chemicals; Subject Term: Cost effectiveness; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Ernst, T;
AU  - Chang, L;
AU  - Cooray, D;
AU  - Salvador, C;
AU  - Chlebowski, R;
AU  - et al;
T1  - The effects of tamoxifen and estrogen on brain metabolism in elderly women
CT  - The effects of tamoxifen and estrogen on brain metabolism in elderly women
JO  - Journal of the National Cancer Institute (USA)
JF  - Journal of the National Cancer Institute (USA)
Y1  - 2002/08/01/
VL  - 94
IS  - Aug
SP  - 592
EP  - 597
SN  - 00278874
AD  - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Bldg 490,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA ternst@bnl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 39-12322; Language: English; Chemical Name: Tamoxifen--10540-29-1; Therapeutic Class: (10:00); AHFS Class: Antineoplastic agents Tamoxifen; References: 37; Journal Coden: JNCIEQ; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Drug EvaluationsDrug Metabolism and Body Distribution
N2  - Background. Tamoxifen is used to treat breast cancer and may reduce the risk of breast cancer. However, there are conflicting reports as to whether tamoxifen use is associated with changes in brain metabolism and function or cognitive impairment. Consequently, we assessed the effects of tamoxifen and estrogen on the brain chemistry of elderly women. Methods: We used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure the concentrations of N-acetyl-containing compounds, myo-inositol (MI), total creatine (creatine plus phosphocreatine), and choline-containing compounds in the frontal white matter, basal ganglia, and hippocampus of 76 elderly women of whom 16 had received tamoxifen therapy, 27 had received estrogen as hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and 33 had received neither (control group). A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine the statistical significance of differences in cerebral metabolite concentrations among subject groups and brain regions. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Women in the tamoxifen and HRT groups had lower concentrations of MI in all areas than women in the control group (P =.02; overall group effect on ANOVA). Compared with the control group, the tamoxifen group (P =.004) and the HRT group (P =.06) had lower concentrations of MI in their basal ganglia. The MI concentration in the basal ganglia was inversely correlated with the duration of tamoxifen treatment (rho = -.72; P =.005). Conclusions: The reduced concentrations of MI in the brains of women treated with tamoxifen and HRT, compared with those of control women, suggest that tamoxifen has an effect similar to that of estrogen. These results, if confirmed, may alleviate concerns about the safety of using tamoxifen to reduce breast cancer risk in elderly women.
KW  - Tamoxifen--pharmacodynamics-;
KW  - Antineoplastic agents--tamoxifen;
KW  - Drug comparisons--estrogens and tamoxifen;
KW  - Drug comparisons--tamoxifen and estrogens;
KW  - Cognition--tamoxifen;
KW  - Geriatrics--tamoxifen;
KW  - Pharmacodynamics--tamoxifen;
KW  - Estrogens--pharmacodynamics;
KW  - Pharmacodynamics--estrogens;
KW  - Geriatrics--estrogens;
KW  - Cognition--estrogens;
KW  - Metabolism--brain;
KW  - Brain--metabolism;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Art J.
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
AU  - Roos, Joseph W.
T1  - Comprehensive characterization of engine deposits from fuel containing MMT®
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2002/08/05/
VL  - 295
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 00489697
AB  - Combustion chamber deposits from a 1996 GM3800 engine operating on a base fuel or the base fuel containing the organometallic antiknock additive methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl were examined. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis were performed to identify the morphology and the bulk chemical composition. Glow-Discharge Mass Spectrometry and X-ray Diffraction analyses were also used to characterize the bulk chemical composition and crystalline structure of the deposits. In addition, X-ray photoemission and X-ray photoabsorption spectra for the deposits were compared to a series of Mn compounds to model and aid quantification of the constituents. Results reveal a mixture of Ca-sulfate, Mn-phosphate and Mn-oxide in the bulk of the deposits and a mixture of Mn-sulfate, Mn-phosphate and Mn-oxide on the surface of the deposits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Gasoline -- Anti-knock & anti-knock mixtures
KW  - Carbonyl compounds
KW  - Antiknock
KW  - Bulk
KW  - Ca-sulfate
KW  - Combustion chamber deposits
KW  - Composition
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Mn-phosphate
N1  - Accession Number: 7841101; Nelson, Art J. 1; Email Address: nelson63@llnl.gov; Reynolds, John G. 1; Roos, Joseph W. 2; Affiliations: 1 : University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Eng. Division, 700 East Avenue L-370, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 2 : Ethyl Corporation, Richmond, VA 23217, USA;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 295 Issue 1-3, p183; Thesaurus Term: Combustion; Subject Term: Gasoline -- Anti-knock & anti-knock mixtures; Subject Term: Carbonyl compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiknock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ca-sulfate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion chamber deposits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mn-phosphate; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sorensen, Karen J.
AU  - Attix, Cristina M.
AU  - Christian, Allen T.
AU  - Wyrobek, Andrew J.
AU  - Tucker, James D.
T1  - Adaptive response induction and variation in human lymphoblastoid cell lines
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/08/26/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Adaptive response is a term used to describe the ability of a low, priming dose of ionizing radiation to modify the effects of a subsequent higher, challenge dose, but it has been observed to be highly variable in both presence and magnitude. To examine this variability, 10 human lymphoblastoid cell lines were screened for adaptability to <F>137Cs</F> radiation by determining the frequency of micronuclei in binucleated cells. Of these, six adapted, three did not adapt and one was synergistic. The assay was then repeated on each of the cell lines to test for reproducibility. Five cell lines showed the same result both times; four of these adapted and one did not.To determine whether fluctuations in the cell cycle distribution in the irradiated population of cells could alter the adaptive response, and therefore explain some of the observed variability, two of the cell lines were tested for adaptation after enriching the population, by synchronization, for a given cell cycle stage. In both cell lines, the direction of the response was altered when the distribution of cells within the cell cycle was changed, suggesting that the adaptive response can be affected by cell cycle stage at the time of irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Cell lines
KW  - Adaptive response
KW  - Human lymphoblastoid cells
N1  - Accession Number: 7856935; Sorensen, Karen J. 1; Email Address: sorensen8@llnl.gov; Attix, Cristina M. 1; Christian, Allen T. 1; Wyrobek, Andrew J. 1; Tucker, James D.; Email Address: tucker5@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-448 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA;  Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p15; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: Cell lines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human lymphoblastoid cells; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - West, Tristram O.
AU  - Marland, Gregg
T1  - A synthesis of carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, and net carbon flux in agriculture: comparing tillage practices in the United States
JO  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
JF  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 91
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 01678809
AB  - The atmospheric CO2 concentration is increasing, due primarily to fossil-fuel combustion and deforestation. Sequestering atmospheric C in agricultural soils is being advocated as a possibility to partially offset fossil-fuel emissions. Sequestering C in agriculture requires a change in management practices, i.e. efficient use of pesticides, irrigation, and farm machinery. The C emissions associated with a change in practices have not traditionally been incorporated comprehensively into C sequestration analyses. A full C cycle analysis has been completed for agricultural inputs, resulting in estimates of net C flux for three crop types across three tillage intensities. The full C cycle analysis includes estimates of energy use and C emissions for primary fuels, electricity, fertilizers, lime, pesticides, irrigation, seed production, and farm machinery. Total C emissions values were used in conjunction with C sequestration estimates to model net C flux to the atmosphere over time. Based on US average crop inputs, no-till emitted less CO2 from agricultural operations than did conventional tillage, with 137 and 168 kg C ha−1 per year, respectively. Changing from conventional tillage to no-till is therefore estimated to both enhance C sequestration and decrease CO2 emissions. While the enhanced C sequestration will continue for a finite time, the reduction in net CO2 flux to the atmosphere, caused by the reduced fossil-fuel use, can continue indefinitely, as long as the alternative practice is continued. Estimates of net C flux, which are based on US average inputs, will vary across crop type and different climate regimes. The C coefficients calculated for agricultural inputs can be used to estimate C emissions and net C flux on a site-specific basis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Deforestation
KW  - Agriculture emissions
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Conservation tillage
KW  - Corn
KW  - No-till
KW  - Soil organic carbon
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Wheat
N1  - Accession Number: 7868283; West, Tristram O. 1; Email Address: westto@ornl.gov; Marland, Gregg 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg 1509, M.S. 6335, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA;  Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 91 Issue 1-3, p217; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Deforestation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Agriculture emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation tillage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corn; Author-Supplied Keyword: No-till; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soybean; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wheat; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Improving the Health of Workers in Indoor Environments: Priority Research Needs for a National Occupational Research Agenda.
AU  - Mendell, Mark J.
AU  - Fisk, William J.
AU  - Kreiss, Kathleen
AU  - Levin, Hal
AU  - Alexander, Darryl
AU  - Cain, William S.
AU  - Girman, John R.
AU  - Hines, Cynthia J.
AU  - Jensen, Paul A.
AU  - Milton, Donald K.
AU  - Rexroat, Larry P.
AU  - Willingford, Kenneth M.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 92
IS  - 9
SP  - 1430
EP  - 1440
SN  - 00900036
N1  - Accession Number: 7285804; Author: Mendell, Mark J.: 1 email: mjmendell@ibi.gov. Author: Fisk, William J.: 1 Author: Kreiss, Kathleen: 2 Author: Levin, Hal: 3 Author: Alexander, Darryl: 4 Author: Cain, William S.: 5 Author: Girman, John R.: 6 Author: Hines, Cynthia J.: 7 Author: Jensen, Paul A.: 2 Author: Milton, Donald K.: 8 Author: Rexroat, Larry P.: 9 Author: Willingford, Kenneth M.: 7 ; Author Affiliation: 1 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif.: 2 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies: 3 Building Ecology Research Group, San Diego, Calif.: 4 American Federation of Teachers, Washington, DC: 5 Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine: 6 US Environmental Protection Agency, Indoor Environment Division Washington DC: 7 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Surveillace, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies: 8 Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Mass.: 9 US General Services Administration, Public Building Service, Creater Southwest Region Fort Worth Tex.; No. of Pages: 11; Language: English; Publication Type: Article; Update Code: 20060610
N2  - Indoor nonindustrial work environments were designated a priority research area through the nationwide stakeholder process that created the National Occupational Research Agenda. A multidisciplinary research team used member consensus and quantitative estimates, with extensive external review, to develop a specific research agenda. The team outlined the following priority research topics: building-influenced communicable respiratory infections, building-related asthma/allergic diseases, and nonspecific building-related symptoms; indoor environmental science; and methods for increasing implementation of healthful building practices. Available data surest that improving building environments may result in health benefits for more than 15 million of the 89 million US indoor workers, with estimated economic benefits of $5 to $75 billion annually. Research on these topics, requiring new collaborations and resources, offers enormous potential health and economic returns. (Am J Public Health. 2002;92:1430-1440) ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR
KW  - *OCCUPATIONAL diseases
KW  - *ACCIDENT prevention
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety -- Research
KW  - WORK-related injuries
KW  - WORK environment
KW  - INDUSTRIAL hygiene
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regnier, P.
AU  - O'Kane, J.P.
AU  - Steefel, C.I.
AU  - Vanderborght, J.P.
T1  - Modeling complex multi-component reactive-transport systems: towards a simulation environment based on the concept of a Knowledge Base
JO  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
JF  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
J1  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
PY  - 2002/09//
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
SN  - 0307904X
AB  - A modelling framework within which transport processes in the hydrosphere can be described and interfaced with relevant biogeochemical reactions is presented. Three key elements of this simulation environment are discussed: (1) a numerical engine for solving sets of coupled non-linear process equations; (2) an automated procedure for model code generation (`Automatic Code Generator''); (3) a Web-distributed Knowledge Base (KB) of processes. The Automatic Code Generator translates the information selected in the KB into computer algorithms using the principles defined in the numerical engine. The code CONTRASTE is a first attempt at developing such a modelling framework. It allows one to easily select, adapt and combine a specific set of biogeochemical processes relevant to a user-defined application. The workings of CONTRASTE are described by means of examples which demonstrate how the various components of the simulation environment are coupled and automated. Prospects for future developments towards a fully automated model generation procedure are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematical Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 7870623; Source Information: Sep2002, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p913; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 15p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vicente, Luís N.
AU  - Wright, Stephen J.
T1  - Local Convergence of a Primal-Dual Method for Degenerate Nonlinear Programming.
JO  - Computational Optimization & Applications
JF  - Computational Optimization & Applications
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
EP  - 328
SN  - 09266003
AB  - In recentwork, the local convergence behavior of path-following interior-point methods and sequential quadratic programming methods for nonlinear programming has been investigated for the case in which the assumption of linear independence of the active constraint gradients at the solution is replaced by the weaker Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification. In this paper, we describe a stabilization of the primal-dual interior-point approach that ensures rapid local convergence under these conditions without enforcing the usual centrality condition associated with path-following methods. The stabilization takes the form of perturbations to the coefficient matrix in the step equations that vanish as the iterates converge to the solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Optimization & Applications is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - DYNAMIC programming
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis -- Acceleration of convergence
KW  - CONCENTRATION functions
KW  - degeneracy
KW  - interior-point methods
KW  - nonlinear programming
N1  - Accession Number: 9964913; Vicente, Luís N. 1; Email Address: lvicente@mat.uc.pt; Wright, Stephen J. 2; Email Address: wright@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Departamento de Matemática, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-454 Coimbra, Portugal; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Issue Info: Sep2002, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p311; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Thesaurus Term: NONLINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: DYNAMIC programming; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis -- Acceleration of convergence; Subject Term: CONCENTRATION functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: degeneracy; Author-Supplied Keyword: interior-point methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear programming; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baxevanidis, Kyriakos
AU  - Davies, Howard
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Gagliardi, Fabrizio
T1  - Grids and research networks as drivers and enablers of future Internet architectures
JO  - Computer Networks
JF  - Computer Networks
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 13891286
AB  - Advanced network applications and research networks coexist in an uneasy symbiosis: new applications drive the deployment of the faster networks and new services needed for tomorrow, but can also threaten to overload the networks of today. Informed debate on these important topics requires a clear understanding of the technical requirements of new applications, the technical capabilities of current and future networks, and the policy constraints under which applications and research networks function. We seek here to contribute to this understanding by first summarizing the requirements of an emerging class of advanced Grid applications, and then discussing the technical and policy issues that affect how these requirements can be met. We focus in particular on the European situation in the latter discussion, but believe that most of our observations have broader applicability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Networks is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - Advanced network applications
KW  - Funding policy
KW  - Research networks
N1  - Accession Number: 7857110; Baxevanidis, Kyriakos 1; Davies, Howard 2; Foster, Ian 3,4; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov; Gagliardi, Fabrizio 5; Affiliations: 1: IST Programme, European Union, Brussels, Belgium; 2: DANTE, Cambridge CB2 1PQ, UK; 3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 4: Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; 5: IT Division, CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland; Issue Info: Sep2002, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p5; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced network applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Funding policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Research networks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, Gale A.
AU  - Tolley, George
AU  - Pang, Joseph
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
AD  - U Chicago
AD  - U Chicago
T1  - Plant Level Productivity, Efficiency, and Environmental Performance of the Container Glass Industry
JO  - Environmental and Resource Economics
JF  - Environmental and Resource Economics
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
SP  - 29
EP  - 43
SN  - 09246460
N1  - Accession Number: 0628175; Keywords: Glass Industry;  Glass;  Pollution;  Technical; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200212
N2  - This paper presents a methodology and empirical results based on the Malmquist productivity index. We measure productivity while treating pollution as an undesirable output. Our estimates show that technical change has contributed to productivity and environmental performance growth in the container glass industry, an energy and pollution intensive sector. Changes in inter-plant efficiency over time have made this productivity growth more rapid than otherwise would have occurred with the underlying technical change. The efficiency estimates show that there are both opportunities to improve productivity and reduce pollution in this industry, as well as productivity losses associated with the emissions control. The shadow prices for NOx, the undesirable output we analyze, is quite high compared to other regulated sectors.
KW  - Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics          L61
KW  - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes          O33
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q21
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10640
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0628175&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10640
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blake, Miriam E.
AU  - Knudson, Frances L.
T1  - Metadata and reference linking
JO  - Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services
JF  - Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 14649055
AB  - Reference linking is a broad term that generally means linking from one information object to another. The specific types of linking which have been addressed in most detail in recent years are those having to do with the links between journal articles. These would include the links from citation metadata to the electronic full-text article and links from references following an article (the bibliography) directly to the referred citation and/or article. A basic concept is that there must be a way to identify the work to be ‘linked-to.’ A second concept is that in order to ‘link-to’ an outside system, there must be an identifiable syntax, which often includes an identifier, for creating a query into that system to find the correct article. In this paper we focus on experiences in linking from an A&I database record to full-text and linking from a bibliography to full-text. Accomplishing this required implementing a system that uses metadata to determine the identifiers and the required elements for various ‘link-to’ syntaxes across disparate systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Metadata
KW  - Cross references (Information retrieval)
KW  - Archives
KW  - Reference linking
KW  - SFX
N1  - Accession Number: 8779774; Blake, Miriam E. 1; Email Address: meblake@lanl.gov; Knudson, Frances L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Library Without Walls, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P. O. Box 1663, MS-P362, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;  Source Info: Autumn2002, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p219; Thesaurus Term: Metadata; Thesaurus Term: Cross references (Information retrieval); Thesaurus Term: Archives; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reference linking; Author-Supplied Keyword: SFX; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106794087
T1  - Drug addiction and its underlying neurobiological basis: neuroimaging evidence for the involvement of the frontal cortex.
AU  - Goldstein RZ
AU  - Volkow ND
AU  - Goldstein, Rita Z
AU  - Volkow, Nora D
Y1  - 2002/10//
N1  - Accession Number: 106794087. Language: English. Entry Date: 20030103. Revision Date: 20161114. Publication Type: journal article; review; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: DA 06891/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States. NLM UID: 0370512. 
KW  - Substance Use Disorders -- Physiopathology
KW  - Frontal Lobe -- Physiopathology
KW  - Behavior, Addictive
KW  - Cerebral Cortex -- Physiopathology
KW  - Cerebral Cortex -- Metabolism
KW  - Models, Theoretical
KW  - Cocaine
KW  - Compulsive Behavior
KW  - Dopamine -- Physiology
KW  - Substance Use Disorders -- Radiography
KW  - Substance Use Disorders -- Psychosocial Factors
KW  - Limbic System -- Physiopathology
KW  - Reinforcement (Psychology)
KW  - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- Physiopathology
KW  - Syndrome
KW  - Nomenclature
KW  - Tomography, Emission-Computed
SP  - 1642
EP  - 1652
JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry
JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry
JA  - AM J PSYCHIATRY
VL  - 159
IS  - 10
CY  - Arlington, Virginia
PB  - American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
AB  - Objective: Studies of the neurobiological processes underlying drug addiction primarily have focused on limbic subcortical structures. Here the authors evaluated the role of frontal cortical structures in drug addiction.Method: An integrated model of drug addiction that encompasses intoxication, bingeing, withdrawal, and craving is proposed. This model and findings from neuroimaging studies on the behavioral, cognitive, and emotional processes that are at the core of drug addiction were used to analyze the involvement of frontal structures in drug addiction.Results: The orbitofrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate gyrus, which are regions neuroanatomically connected with limbic structures, are the frontal cortical areas most frequently implicated in drug addiction. They are activated in addicted subjects during intoxication, craving, and bingeing, and they are deactivated during withdrawal. These regions are also involved in higher-order cognitive and motivational functions, such as the ability to track, update, and modulate the salience of a reinforcer as a function of context and expectation and the ability to control and inhibit prepotent responses.Conclusions: These results imply that addiction connotes cortically regulated cognitive and emotional processes, which result in the overvaluing of drug reinforcers, the undervaluing of alternative reinforcers, and deficits in inhibitory control for drug responses. These changes in addiction, which the authors call I-RISA (impaired response inhibition and salience attribution), expand the traditional concepts of drug dependence that emphasize limbic-regulated responses to pleasure and reward.
SN  - 0002-953X
AD  - Medical Research, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 490, 30 Bell Avenue, Upton, NY 11973, USA
AD  - Brookhaven National Laboratory, Medical Research, Bldg 490, 30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973; rgoldstein@bnl.gov
U2  - PMID: 12359667.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cardwell, Hal E.
AU  - Mata, José Ignacio
T1  - Using Municipalities in Panama As a Vehicle for Environmental Education and Communication.
JO  - Applied Environmental Education & Communication
JF  - Applied Environmental Education & Communication
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 199
SN  - 1533015X
AB  - An environmental education and communication intervention in the Panama Canal watershed focused on local government to generate awareness of environmental issues and increase the capacity of local governments to manage environmental problems. The vehicle for the intervention was a municipal environmental plan (PAM) for each municipality. The process for creating the PAMs included training, community workshops, and direct engagement of local government officials, local representatives of national-level organizations, civil society, and the private sector. Local circumstances such as feelings of community pride that resulted from the transfer of the canal to Panamanian authority were included in the design of the interventions. In addition to fomenting a local "demand" for environmental activities, the PAM process taught strategic planning techniques and built confidence in the local governments' abilities to address problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Environmental Education & Communication is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental education
KW  - Watershed ecology
KW  - Panama Canal (Panama)
KW  - Local government
KW  - Seminars
KW  - Communities
N1  - Accession Number: 12546669; Cardwell, Hal E. 1; Email Address: Henry.E.Cardwell@usace.army.mil; Mata, José Ignacio 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; 2 : GreenCOM Project, Academy for Educational Development, Panama City, Panama;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p193; Thesaurus Term: Environmental education; Thesaurus Term: Watershed ecology; Subject Term: Panama Canal (Panama); Subject Term: Local government; Subject Term: Seminars; Subject Term: Communities; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - O'Neill, Elizabeth G.
AU  - Tschaplinski, Tim J.
AU  - Weltzin, Jake F.
AU  - Hansen, Randi A.
AU  - Cheng, Weixin
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
AU  - Johnson, Dale W.
T1  - NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF A CO2-ENRICHED DECIDUOUS FOREST AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR CARBON STORAGE.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1261
EP  - 1266
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study that investigates the respons of terrestrial ecosystem to a changing atmosphere in an increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. It details the method of the study that observes the net primary productivity (NPP) of a closed-canopy Liquidambar styraciflua forest stand. The result of the study indicates that carbon dioxide enrichment can increase productivity in a closed-canopy deciduous forest.
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Deciduous forests
KW  - Carbon sequestration in forests
KW  - Sweetgum
KW  - Deciduous plants
KW  - (sweetgum)
KW  - carbon allocation
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - CO2 enrichment
KW  - FACE (free-air CO2-enrichment) experiment
KW  - fine-root productivity
KW  - forest productivity
KW  - global change
KW  - heterotrophic respiration
KW  - net primary productivity
N1  - Accession Number: 112065466; Norby, Richard J. 1; Hanson, Paul J. 1; O'Neill, Elizabeth G. 1; Tschaplinski, Tim J. 1; Weltzin, Jake F. 2; Hansen, Randi A. 3; Cheng, Weixin 4; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Gunderson, Carla A. 1; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Johnson, Dale W. 5; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA; 2 : Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 USA; 3 : Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 USA; 4 : Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064 USA; 5 : Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557 USA;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p1261; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Deciduous forests; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration in forests; Subject Term: Sweetgum; Subject Term: Deciduous plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: (sweetgum); Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE (free-air CO2-enrichment) experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: fine-root productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterotrophic respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary productivity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[1261:NPPOAC]2.0.CO;2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=112065466&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, S. M.
AU  - Hill, W. R.
AU  - Peterson, M. J.
AU  - Ryon, M. G.
AU  - Smith, J. G.
AU  - Stewart, A. J.
T1  - ASSESSING RECOVERY IN A STREAM ECOSYSTEM: APPLYING MULTIPLE CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENDPOINTS.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1510
EP  - 1527
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study that assesses the recovery dynamics in a disturbed stream undergoing remediation by determining their chemical and biological endpoints. It analyzes major trophic levels of the ecosystem along with various biological indicators of fish health. It outlines the result of the study which indicates that no single measure is adequate for assessing aquatic ecosystem recovery and the findings could be used in making decisions regarding management in disturbed systems.
KW  - HEALTH
KW  - Ecological disturbances
KW  - Environmental remediation
KW  - Steam -- Research
KW  - Fishes
KW  - Ecosystem dynamics
KW  - bioindicators
KW  - chemical and biological endpoints
KW  - disturbance
KW  - ecological significance
KW  - environmental stressors
KW  - mechanistic understanding
KW  - stream recovery
N1  - Accession Number: 112065454; Adams, S. M. 1; Hill, W. R. 1; Peterson, M. J. 1; Ryon, M. G. 1; Smith, J. G. 1; Stewart, A. J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p1510; Thesaurus Term: HEALTH; Thesaurus Term: Ecological disturbances; Thesaurus Term: Environmental remediation; Subject Term: Steam -- Research; Subject Term: Fishes; Subject Term: Ecosystem dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioindicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical and biological endpoints; Author-Supplied Keyword: disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological significance; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental stressors; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanistic understanding; Author-Supplied Keyword: stream recovery; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[1510:ARIASE]2.0.CO;2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=112065454&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Karola, Antti1, antti.karola@granlund.fi
AU  - Lahtela, Hannu1
AU  - Hänninen, Reijo1
AU  - Hitchcock, Rob2
AU  - Chen, Qingyan3
AU  - Dajka, Stephen4
AU  - Hagström, Kim5
T1  - BSPro COM-Server—interoperability between software tools using industrial foundation classes.
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
J1  - Energy & Buildings
PY  - 2002/10//
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
CP  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
SN  - 03787788
AB  - The continuing development of the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) standard by the International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI) creates new possibilities for achieving interoperability for design software through the use of a common object model of the building and its open data transfer standard. Several architectural CAD tools are already IFC-compliant. However, in-depth knowledge of the highly complex IFC object model is required to develop IFC-compliant software. It has proven quite difficult to read the huge amount of building data stored in an IFC file, extract the information needed by a particular application, and correctly update the IFC file with new data. To make this work easier for developers not familiar with the IFC, Olof Granlund Oy has developed a new development tool, BSPro COM-Server for IFC Files. Using this tool, a software developer of new or existing tools can achieve IFC compatibility with a quite reasonable amount of work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
KW  - Architectural models
KW  - Computer software
KW  - BSPro COM-Server
KW  - IAI
KW  - IFC-compliant software
N1  - Accession Number: 7884209; Authors: Karola, Antti 1 Email Address: antti.karola@granlund.fi; Lahtela, Hannu 1; Hänninen, Reijo 1; Hitchcock, Rob 2; Chen, Qingyan 3; Dajka, Stephen 4; Hagström, Kim 5; Affiliations:  1: Olof Granlund Oy, P.O. Box 59, Helsinki 00701, Finland;  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA;  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;  4: AEA Technology, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 5Z4;  5: Halton Group, Kausala, Finland; Subject: Computer software; Subject: Architectural models; Author-Supplied Keyword: BSPro COM-Server; Author-Supplied Keyword: IAI; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFC-compliant software; Number of Pages: 7p; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuhne, Wendy W.
AU  - Caldwell, Colleen A.
AU  - Gould, William R.
AU  - Fresquez, Philip R.
AU  - Finger, Susan
T1  - EFFECTS OF DEPLETED URANIUM ON THE HEALTH AND SURVIVAL OF CERIODAPHNIA DUBIA AND HYALELLA AZTECA.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 21
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2198
EP  - 2203
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Depleted uranium (DU) has been used as a substitute for the fissionable enriched uranium component of atomic weapons tested at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) (Los Alamos, NM, USA) since the early 1950s, resulting in considerable concentrations of DU in the soils within the test sites. Although the movement of DU into major aquatic systems has been shown to be minimal, there are many small-order ephemeral streams and areas of standing water in canyons throughout LANL that may be affected by inputs of DU via runoff, erosion, and leaching. Ninety-six-hour acute and 7-d chronic toxicity assays were conducted to measure the toxicity of DU on survival and reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia. A 14-d water-only assay was conducted to measure survival and growth of Hyalella azteca. The estimated median lethal concentration (LC50) to produce 50% mortality of the test population for the 96-h Ceriodaphnia dubia assay was 10.50 mg/L. Reproductive effects occurred at a lowest-observableeffect concentration >3.91 mg/L with a no-observable-effect concentration of 1.97 mg/L. The estimated 14-d LC50 for the Hyalella azteca assay was 1.52 mg/L. No significant relationship was detected between growth and DU concentrations. Concentrations at which toxicity effects were observed in this study for both invertebrates exceeded concentrations of total uranium observed in runoff from LANL lands. Thus, it is likely that current runoff levels of uranium do not pose a threat to these types of aquatic invertebrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Depleted uranium
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Aquatic animals
KW  - Hyalella
KW  - Hyalellidae
KW  - Álamos (Mexico)
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - Aquatic toxicity
KW  - Ceriodaphnia dubia
KW  - Hyalella azteca
KW  - Radionuclides
N1  - Accession Number: 20839899; Kuhne, Wendy W. 1; Email Address: wkuhne@lamar.colostate.edu; Caldwell, Colleen A. 1; Gould, William R. 2; Fresquez, Philip R. 3; Finger, Susan 4; Affiliations: 1 : U.S. Geological Survey, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30003, MSC 4901, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003-8001; 2 : New Mexico State University, University Statistics Center, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003-8001, USA; 3 : Environment, Safety, and Health Division, Ecology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; 4 : U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri 65201;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 21 Issue 10, p2198; Thesaurus Term: Depleted uranium; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic animals; Subject Term: Hyalella; Subject Term: Hyalellidae; Subject: Álamos (Mexico); Subject: New Mexico; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aquatic toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceriodaphnia dubia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyalella azteca; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclides; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keahey, K.
AU  - Fredian, T.
AU  - Peng, Q.
AU  - Schissel, D.P.
AU  - Thompson, M.
AU  - Foster, I.
AU  - Greenwald, M.
AU  - McCune, D.
T1  - Computational Grids in action: the National Fusion Collaboratory
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 18
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
SN  - 0167739X
AB  - The National Fusion Collaboratory (NFC) project was created to advance scientific understanding and innovation in magnetic fusion research by enabling more efficient use of existing experimental facilities through more effective integration of experiment, theory, and modeling. To achieve this objective, NFC introduced the concept of “network services”, which build on top of computational Grids, and provide Fusion codes, together with their maintenance and hardware resources as a service to the community. This mode of operation requires the development of new authorization and enforcement capabilities. In addition, the nature of Fusion experiments places strident quality of service requirements on codes run during the experimental cycle. In this paper, we describe Grid computing requirements of the Fusion community, and present our first experiments in meeting those requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Future Generation Computer Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems)
KW  - Collaboratory
KW  - Computational Grids
KW  - Distributed computing
KW  - Fusion
KW  - Network services
N1  - Accession Number: 7884383; Keahey, K. 1; Email Address: keahey@mcs.anl.gov; Fredian, T. 2; Peng, Q. 3; Schissel, D.P. 3; Thompson, M. 4; Foster, I. 1,5; Greenwald, M. 2; McCune, D. 6; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 2: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; 3: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 5: Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60657, USA; 6: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 18 Issue 8, p1005; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTED computing; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems); Author-Supplied Keyword: Collaboratory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational Grids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnston, William E.
T1  - Computational and data Grids in large-scale science and engineering
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 18
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1085
SN  - 0167739X
AB  - As the practice of science moves beyond the single investigator due to the complexity of the problems that now dominate science, large collaborative and multi-institutional teams are needed to address these problems. In order to support this shift in science, the computing and data-handling infrastructure that is essential to most of modern science must also change in order to support this increased complexity. This is the goal of computing and data Grids: software infrastructure that facilitates solving large-scale problems by providing the mechanisms to access, aggregate, and manage the computer network-based infrastructure of science. This infrastructure includes computing systems, data archive systems, scientific instruments, and computer-mediated human collaborations. This paper examines several large-scale science problems, their requirements for computing and data Grid infrastructure, and the current approaches to providing the necessary functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Future Generation Computer Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems)
KW  - DOE Science Grid
KW  - Grid applications
KW  - Grids
KW  - Heterogeneous
KW  - NASA’s Information Power Grid (IPG)
KW  - Widely distributed computing
N1  - Accession Number: 7884389; Johnston, William E. 1; Email Address: wej@nas.nasa.gov; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Research Scientific Computing Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and NASA Ames Research Center, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50B-2239, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 18 Issue 8, p1085; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTED computing; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems); Author-Supplied Keyword: DOE Science Grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous; Author-Supplied Keyword: NASA’s Information Power Grid (IPG); Author-Supplied Keyword: Widely distributed computing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torn, Margaret S.
AU  - Lapenis, Andrei G.
AU  - Timofeev, Anatoly
AU  - Fischer, Marc L.
AU  - Babikov, Boris V.
AU  - Harden, Jennifer W.
T1  - Organic carbon and carbon isotopes in modern and 100-year-old-soil archives of the Russian steppe.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 8
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 941
EP  - 953
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract Archived soils can provide valuable information about changes in the carbon and carbon isotope content of soils during the past century. We characterized soil carbon dynamics in a Russian steppe preserve using a 100-year-old-soil archive and modern samples collected from the same site. The site has been protected since 1885 to the present, during which time the region has experienced widespread conversion to cultivation, a decrease in fire frequency, and a trend of increasing precipitation. In the preserve, the amount of organic carbon did not change appreciably between the 1900 and 1997 sampling dates, with 32 kg C/m2 in the top meter and a third of that in the top 20 cm. Carbon and nitrogen stocks varied by less than 6% between two replicate modern soil pits or between the modern sites and the archive. Radiocarbon content decreased with depth in all sites and the modern SOM had positive Δ values near the surface due to nuclear weapons testing in the early 1960s. In the upper 10 cm, most of the SOM had a turnover time of 6–10 years, according to a model fit to the radiocarbon content. Below about 10 cm, the organic matter was almost all passive material with long (millennial) turnover times. Soil respiration Δ14 CO2 on a summer day was 106–109‰, an isotopic disequilibrium of about 9‰ relative to atmospheric 14 CO2 . In both the modern and archive soil, the relative abundance of 13 C in organic matter increased with depth by 2‰ in the upper meter from δ13 C = --26‰ at 5 cm to --24‰ below a meter. In addition, the slope of δ13 C vs. depth below 5 cm was the same for both soils. Given the age of the soil archive, these results give clear evidence that the depth gradients are not due to depletion of atmospheric 13 CO2 by fossil fuel emissions but must instead be caused by... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Steppe soils
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - grassland
KW  - land use
KW  - organic matter
KW  - prairie
KW  - sequestration
N1  - Accession Number: 7295778; Torn, Margaret S. 1; Lapenis, Andrei G. 2; Timofeev, Anatoly 3; Fischer, Marc L. 1; Babikov, Boris V. 3; Harden, Jennifer W. 4; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,; 2 : Department of Geography and Planning, University at Albany, NY 12222, USA,; 3 : Academy of Forestry, St. Petersburg, Russia,; 4 : United States Geologic Survey, Menlo Park, CA, USA;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 8 Issue 10, p941; Subject Term: Steppe soils; Subject Term: Carbon isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: grassland; Author-Supplied Keyword: land use; Author-Supplied Keyword: organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: prairie; Author-Supplied Keyword: sequestration; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00477.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenzweig, Cynthia
AU  - Tubiello, Francesco N.
AU  - Goldberg, Richard
AU  - Mills, Evan
AU  - Bloomfield, Janine
T1  - Increased crop damage in the US from excess precipitation under climate change
JO  - Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions
JF  - Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 09593780
AB  - Recent flooding and heavy precipitation events in the US and worldwide have caused great damage to crop production. If the frequency of these weather extremes were to increase in the near future, as recent trends for the US indicate and as projected by global climate models (e.g., US National Assessment, Overview Report, 2001, The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change, National Assesment Synthesis Team, US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC; Houghton et al., 2001, IPCC Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 335pp.), the cost of crop losses in the coming decades could rise dramatically. Yet current assessments of the impacts of climate change on agriculture have not quantified the negative effects on crop production from increased heavy precipitation and flooding (Impacts of climate change and variability on agriculture, in: US National Assessment Foundation Document, 2001. National Assessment Synthesis Team, US Global Change Research Program, Washington DC.). In this work, we modify a dynamic crop model in order to simulate one important effect of heavy precipitation on crop growth, plant damage from excess soil moisture. We compute that US corn production losses due to this factor, already significant under current climate, may double during the next thirty years, causing additional damages totaling an estimated $3 billion per year. These costs may either be borne directly by those impacted or transferred to private or governmental insurance and disaster relief programs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Effect of drought on crops
KW  - United States
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Crop damage
KW  - Extreme events
KW  - Insurance
KW  - Maize production
KW  - Precipitation
N1  - Accession Number: 7889557; Rosenzweig, Cynthia 1,2; Tubiello, Francesco N. 2; Email Address: franci@giss.nasa.gov; Goldberg, Richard 2; Mills, Evan 3; Bloomfield, Janine 4; Affiliations: 1 : NASA-Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA; 2 : GISS at Columbia University, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA; 3 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4 : Environmental Defense, 18 Tremont Street, Suite 850, Boston, MA 02108, USA;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p197; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Effect of drought on crops; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Agriculture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crop damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extreme events; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insurance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maize production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biringer, Kent L.
T1  - Security Agreements and Confidence Building for India: Past, Present, and Future.
JO  - India Review
JF  - India Review
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 90
PB  - Routledge
SN  - 14736489
AB  - Offers a look at a variety of issues associated with security agreements and confidence building in India.  Principles of cooperative engagement; Examples of security treaties and agreements for India; Political issues relevant to security agreements.
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - INTERNATIONAL cooperation
KW  - INTERNATIONAL obligations
KW  - TREATIES
KW  - INDIA
N1  - Accession Number: 11418581; Biringer, Kent L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Member of the Technical Staff, Cooperative Monitoring Center, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p57; Thesaurus Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Thesaurus Term: INTERNATIONAL cooperation; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL obligations; Subject Term: TREATIES; Subject: INDIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928120 International Affairs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911410 Foreign affairs; Number of Pages: 34p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Martin Nilsson
T1  - Hierarchical Clustering Using Non-Greedy Principal Direction Divisive Partitioning
JO  - Information Retrieval
JF  - Information Retrieval
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
PB  - Kluwer Academic Publishing
SN  - 13864564
AB  - Presents a non-greedy version of the recently published Principal Direction Divisive Partitioning (PDDP) algorithm. The PDDP algorithm creates a hierarchical taxonomy of a data set by successively splitting the data into sub-clusters, and at each level, the cluster with the largest variance is split by a hyper-plane orthogonal to its leading principal component. The PDDP algorithm is known to produce high-quality clusters, especially when applied to high dimensional data such as document-word feature matrices, and it also scales well with both the size and the dimensionality of the data set. However, at each level, only the locally optimal choice of splitting is considered, and at a later stage, this often leads to a non-optimal global partitioning of the data. The presented non-greedy version of the PDDP (NGPDDP) addresses this problem by considering multiple alternative splitting strategies at each level. Describes the results from applying the NGPDDP to generated and real data (feature vectors from sets of text documents), noting that the results show substantial improvements in cluster quality.
KW  - INFORMATION retrieval
KW  - CLUSTER analysis
KW  - HIERARCHIES
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 9680120; Martin Nilsson 1; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA. nilsson@lanl.gov;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p311; Note: Publisher's URL: http://www.wkap.nl; Note: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishing; Note: Update Code: 3802; Subject Term: INFORMATION retrieval; Subject Term: CLUSTER analysis; Subject Term: HIERARCHIES; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheu, C.
AU  - Klein, S.
AU  - Tomsia, A. P.
AU  - Rühle, M.
T1  - Chemical reactions and morphological stability at the Cu/Al2 O3 interface.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 208
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 17
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary The microstructures of diffusion-bonded Cu/(0001)Al2 O3 bicrystals annealed at 1000 °C at oxygen partial pressures of 0.02 or 32 Pa have been studied with various microscopy techniques ranging from optical microscopy to high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The studies revealed that for both oxygen partial pressures a 20–35 nm thick interfacial CuAlO2 layer formed, which crystallises in the rhombohedral structure. However, the CuAlO2 layer is not continuous, but interrupted by many pores. In the samples annealed in the higher oxygen partial pressure an additional reaction phase with a needle-like structure was observed. The needles are several millimetres long, ∼10 µm wide and ∼1 µm thick. They consist of CuAlO2 with alternating rhombohedral and hexagonal structures. Solid-state contact angle measurements were performed to derive values for the work of adhesion. The results show that the adhesion is twice as good for the annealed specimen compared to the as-bonded sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION bonding (Metals)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - Al
KW  - Cu
KW  - diffusion bonding
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - reaction phases
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 7461660; Scheu, C. 1; Klein, S. 1; Tomsia, A. P. 2; Rühle, M. 1; Source Information: Oct2002, Vol. 208 Issue 1, p11; Subject: DIFFUSION bonding (Metals); Subject: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01065.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joy, D. C.
T1  - SMART – a program to measure SEM resolution and imaging performance.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 208
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 34
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary It is important to be able to measure the parameters, such as spatial resolution, astigmastism, signal-to-noise ratio, and drift and instability, that characterize the performance of a scanning electron microscope. These quantities can be determined most reliably by a Fourier analysis of digital micrographs from the instrument, recorded under conditions of interest. A program designed to implement all of the necessary steps in an automated manner has been developed as a ‘macro’ for the popular, and freely available, NIH Image and SCION Image programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - Fourier transform
KW  - Probe size
KW  - resolution
KW  - scanning electron microscope
KW  - Signal-to-noise
N1  - Accession Number: 7461668; Joy, D. C. 1; Source Information: Oct2002, Vol. 208 Issue 1, p24; Subject: SCANNING electron microscopes; Subject: FOURIER analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probe size; Author-Supplied Keyword: resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: scanning electron microscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signal-to-noise; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01062.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
T1  - Information technology and resource use: editor's introduction to the special issue
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 169
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 7884169; Koomey, Jonathan G. 1; Email Address: JGKoomey@LBL.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p169; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell-Jackson, Jennifer
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
AU  - Blazek, Michele
AU  - Nordman, Bruce
T1  - National and regional implications of internet data center growth in the US
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 09213449
AB  - The electricity consumption of data center hosting facilities (also known as server farms or server hotels) is a growing concern to utility demand forecasters, data center facility managers, energy analysts and policy makers. Combining estimates of US computer room floor space for hosting facilities with total computer room power density, we found that these US data centers in the aggregate required less than 500 MW of power in 2000, and used only about 0.12% of the electricity consumed nationwide in that year. In this paper, our order-of-magnitude estimate suggests that energy demands of these facilities do not represent an enormous new burden on the electricity industry as a whole. The fact that these facilities tend to be concentrated in certain areas, however, may mean that there will be significant regional electricity demands in some parts of the country. If combined heat and power (CHP) technologies were introduced to data center facilities on a large scale, initial calculations indicate that these facilities might even become net contributors of power to the electric grid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Resources, Conservation & Recycling is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electric power consumption
KW  - Buildings -- Energy conservation
KW  - Computation laboratories
KW  - United States
KW  - Data centers
KW  - Electricity consumption
KW  - Power
KW  - Power densities
N1  - Accession Number: 7884170; Mitchell-Jackson, Jennifer 1; Koomey, Jonathan G. 2; Email Address: jgkoomey@lbl.gov; Blazek, Michele 3; Nordman, Bruce 2; Affiliations: 1 : Opinion Dynamics Corporation, 1030 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3 : AT&T, Suite 3188, 4430 Rosewood Drive, Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p175; Thesaurus Term: Electric power consumption; Thesaurus Term: Buildings -- Energy conservation; Subject Term: Computation laboratories; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data centers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity consumption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power densities; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hekkert, Marko P.
AU  - van den Reek, Jon
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
AU  - Turkenburg, Wim C.
T1  - The impact of material efficient end-use technologies on paper use and carbon emissions
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 09213449
AB  - The production and consumption of paper leads to emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Therefore, reducing the paper demand will lead to GHG emission reduction. Paper use for communication is responsible for GHG emissions of 121 Mton CO2-equivalents in Western Europe (1995). In this paper a baseline scenario is developed for Western Europe that forecasts a rise in communication paper consumption from 31 Mtons/year in 1995 to 53 Mtons in 2015. We show that several measures are available to reduce the demand for publication papers, e.g. thinner paper, efficient printing technologies, duplexing, and printing on demand (POD). The impact of these measures are determined by using a life cycle inventory approach whereby we focus on GHGs only. We estimate that it is technically possible to reduce paper demand in 2015 by 37% compared with the baseline scenario. This would correspond to a GHG emission reduction of 70 Mton CO2-equivalents We calculate that the intensity of use of publication papers may drop from 5.2 kg per $1000 GDP in 1995 to 3.4 kg per $1000 GDP in 20l5 (all in 1995$). The measures with the largest emission reduction potential are, lowering the basic weight of paper as well as POD. Assumptions on the market potential of POD are uncertain and have a large influence on the results. Further research should focus on determining the influence of increasing access to (digital) information on paper demand. In the analysis only material management improvements are taken into account, no improvements in energy efficiency or improved waste management practices are taken into account. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Resources, Conservation & Recycling is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Paper
KW  - Consumption (Economics)
KW  - Demand (Economic theory)
KW  - Industrial efficiency
KW  - Communication papers
KW  - Greenhouse gas emission reduction
KW  - Material efficiency
KW  - Reduction of paper demand
N1  - Accession Number: 7884174; Hekkert, Marko P. 1; Email Address: m.hekkert@geog.uu.nl; van den Reek, Jon 2; Worrell, Ernst 3; Turkenburg, Wim C. 4; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Innovation Studies, Copernicus Intitute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3524 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; 2 : Océ N.V., P.O. Box 101, 5900 MA Venlo, The Netherlands; 3 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, EAP-MS 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4 : Department of Science Technology and Society, Copernicus Institute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Utrecht University, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p241; Subject Term: Paper; Subject Term: Consumption (Economics); Subject Term: Demand (Economic theory); Subject Term: Industrial efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Communication papers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse gas emission reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Material efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction of paper demand; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, Deborah H.
AU  - Margni, Manuele D.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Jolliet, Olivier
T1  - Intake Fraction for Multimedia Pollutants: A Tool for Life Cycle Analysis and Comparative Risk Assessment.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 905
EP  - 918
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - We employ the intake fraction (iF) as an effective tool for expressing the source–to–intake relationship for pollutant emissions in life cycle analysis (LCA) or comparative risk assessment. Intake fraction is the fraction of chemical mass emitted into the environment that eventually passes into a member of the population through inhalation, ingestion, or dermal exposure. To date, this concept has been primarily applied to pollutants whose primary route of exposure is inhalation. Here we extend the use of iF to multimedia pollutants with multiple exposure pathways. We use a level III multimedia model to calculate iF for TCDD and compare the result to one calculated from measured levels of dioxin toxic equivalents in the environment. We calculate iF for emissions to air and surface water for 308 chemicals. We correlate the primary exposure route with the magnitudes of the octanol–water partition coefficient, K[sub ow], and of the air–water partitioning coefficient (dimensionless Henry constant), K[sub aw]. This results in value ranges of K[sub ow] and K[sub aw] where the chemical exposure route can be classified with limited input data requirements as primarily inhalation, primarily ingestion, or multipathway. For the inhalation and ingestion dominant pollutants, we also define empirical relationships based on chemical properties for quantifying the intake fraction. The empirical relationships facilitate rapid evaluation of many chemicals in terms of the intake. By defining a theoretical upper limit for iF in a multimedia environment we find that iF calculations provide insight into the multimedia model algorithms and help identify unusual patterns of exposure and questionable exposure model results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - HUMAN life cycle
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - Comparative risk assessment
KW  - exposure
KW  - intake fraction
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Multimedia modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 7572017; Bennett, Deborah H. 1; Margni, Manuele D. 2; McKone, Thomas E. 3,4; Email Address: temckone@lbl.gov; Jolliet, Olivier 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Public Health, Harvard University; 2: Laboratory of Ecosystem Management, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne; 3: School of Public Health, University of California; 4: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p905; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTANTS; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Thesaurus Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: HUMAN life cycle; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Comparative risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: intake fraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life cycle analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multimedia modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruby, D.S.
AU  - Zaidi, S.H.
AU  - Narayanan, S.
AU  - Damiani, B.M.
AU  - Rohatgi, A.
T1  - Rie-texturing of multicrystalline silicon solar cells
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We developed a maskless plasma texturing technique for multicrystalline silicon cells using reactive ion etching that results in higher cell performance than that of standard untextured cells. Elimination of plasma damage has been achieved while keeping front reflectance to extremely low levels. Internal quantum efficiencies as high as those on planar cells have been obtained, boosting cell currents and efficiencies by up to 7% on evaporated metal and 4% on screen-printed cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Multicrystalline silicon cells
KW  - Plasma etching
KW  - Plasma texturing
KW  - Silicon solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 7861636; Ruby, D.S. 1; Zaidi, S.H. 2; Narayanan, S. 3; Damiani, B.M. 4; Rohatgi, A. 4; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0752, USA; 2 : Gratings Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87107, USA; 3 : BP Solar, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; 4 : Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;  Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 74 Issue 1-4, p133; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Subject Term: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multicrystalline silicon cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma etching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma texturing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon solar cells; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 119414665
T1  - Phenotypic reversion or death of cancer cells by altering signaling pathways in three-dimensional contexts.
AU  - Wang, Fei
AU  - Hansen, Rhonda K
AU  - Radisky, Derek
AU  - Yoneda, Toshiyuki
AU  - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
AU  - Petersen, Ole W
AU  - Turley, Eva A
AU  - Bissell, Mina J
Y1  - 2002/10/02/
N1  - Accession Number: 119414665. Language: English. Entry Date: 20030110. Revision Date: 20170203. Publication Type: journal article. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: CA63528/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States. NLM UID: 7503089. 
KW  - Neoplasms -- Metabolism
KW  - Cell Death -- Physiology
KW  - Breast Neoplasms -- Pathology
KW  - Signal Transduction -- Physiology
KW  - Basement Membrane -- Metabolism
KW  - Neoplasms -- Therapy
KW  - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- Metabolism
KW  - Epidermal Growth Factors -- Metabolism
KW  - Phosphotransferases -- Metabolism
KW  - Epidermal Growth Factors -- Immunology
KW  - Transferases -- Metabolism
KW  - Phenotype
KW  - Animal Studies
KW  - Epidermal Growth Factors -- Antagonists and Inhibitors
KW  - Breast Neoplasms -- Metabolism
KW  - Tumor Cells, Cultured
KW  - Glycoproteins -- Metabolism
KW  - Neoplasm Invasiveness
KW  - Enzyme Inhibitors -- Pharmacodynamics
KW  - Cytoskeletal Proteins -- Metabolism
KW  - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- Antagonists and Inhibitors
KW  - Human
KW  - Mice
KW  - Cell Division -- Physiology
KW  - Transferases -- Antagonists and Inhibitors
KW  - Basement Membrane
KW  - Cell Physiology
KW  - Neoplasms -- Pathology
KW  - Colony-Forming Units Assay
KW  - Deoxyribonucleosides
KW  - Carrier Proteins -- Metabolism
KW  - Antigens, Surface -- Metabolism
KW  - Female
KW  - Cell Division -- Drug Effects
KW  - Validation Studies
KW  - Comparative Studies
KW  - Evaluation Research
KW  - Multicenter Studies
SP  - 1494
EP  - 1503
JO  - JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JF  - JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JA  - J NATL CANCER INST
VL  - 94
IS  - 19
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
AB  - Background: We previously used a three-dimensional (3D) reconstituted basement membrane (rBM) assay to demonstrate that tumorigenic HMT-3522 T4-2 human breast cells can be induced to form morphologically normal structures ("reversion") by treatment with inhibitors of beta1 integrin, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We have now used this assay to identify reversion and/or death requirements of several more aggressive human breast cancer cell lines.Methods: Breast tumor cell lines MCF7, Hs578T, and MDA-MB-231 were cultured in 3D rBM and treated with inhibitors of beta1 integrin, MAPK, or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). MDA-MB-231 cells, which lack E-cadherin, were transfected with an E-cadherin cDNA. The extent of reversion was assessed by changes in morphology and polarity, growth in 3D rBM or soft agar, level of invasiveness, and tumor formation in nude mice.Results: All three cell lines showed partial reversion (MCF7 the greatest and Hs578T the least) of tumorigenic properties treated with a single beta1 integrin, MAPK, or PI3K inhibitor. Combined inhibition of beta1 integrin and either PI3K or MAPK resulted in nearly complete phenotypic reversion (MDA-MB-231, MCF7) or in cell death (Hs578T). E-cadherin-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells showed partial reversion, but exposure of the transfectants to an inhibitor of beta1 integrin, PI3K, or MAPK led to nearly complete reversion.Conclusion: The 3D rBM assay can be used to identify signaling pathways that, when manipulated in concert, can lead to the restoration of morphologically normal breast structures or to death of the tumor cells, even highly metastatic cells. This approach may be useful to design therapeutic intervention strategies for aggressive breast cancers.
SN  - 0027-8874
AD  - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
U2  - PMID: 12359858.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Fei
AU  - Hansen, Rhonda K
AU  - Radisky, Derek
AU  - Yoneda, Toshiyuki
AU  - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
AU  - Petersen, Ole W
AU  - Turley, Eva A
AU  - Bissell, Mina J
T1  - Phenotypic reversion or death of cancer cells by altering signaling pathways in three-dimensional contexts.
JO  - JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JF  - JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Y1  - 2002/10/02/
VL  - 94
IS  - 19
M3  - journal article
SP  - 1494
EP  - 1503
SN  - 00278874
AB  - <bold>Background: </bold>We previously used a three-dimensional (3D) reconstituted basement membrane (rBM) assay to demonstrate that tumorigenic HMT-3522 T4-2 human breast cells can be induced to form morphologically normal structures ("reversion") by treatment with inhibitors of beta1 integrin, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We have now used this assay to identify reversion and/or death requirements of several more aggressive human breast cancer cell lines.<bold>Methods: </bold>Breast tumor cell lines MCF7, Hs578T, and MDA-MB-231 were cultured in 3D rBM and treated with inhibitors of beta1 integrin, MAPK, or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). MDA-MB-231 cells, which lack E-cadherin, were transfected with an E-cadherin cDNA. The extent of reversion was assessed by changes in morphology and polarity, growth in 3D rBM or soft agar, level of invasiveness, and tumor formation in nude mice.<bold>Results: </bold>All three cell lines showed partial reversion (MCF7 the greatest and Hs578T the least) of tumorigenic properties treated with a single beta1 integrin, MAPK, or PI3K inhibitor. Combined inhibition of beta1 integrin and either PI3K or MAPK resulted in nearly complete phenotypic reversion (MDA-MB-231, MCF7) or in cell death (Hs578T). E-cadherin-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells showed partial reversion, but exposure of the transfectants to an inhibitor of beta1 integrin, PI3K, or MAPK led to nearly complete reversion.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>The 3D rBM assay can be used to identify signaling pathways that, when manipulated in concert, can lead to the restoration of morphologically normal breast structures or to death of the tumor cells, even highly metastatic cells. This approach may be useful to design therapeutic intervention strategies for aggressive breast cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUMORS -- Treatment
KW  - ANIMAL experimentation
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - BREAST tumors
KW  - CANCER invasiveness
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - CELL death
KW  - CELL division (Biology)
KW  - CELL physiology
KW  - CELLULAR signal transduction
KW  - COMPARATIVE studies
KW  - CYTOSKELETAL proteins
KW  - ENZYME inhibitors
KW  - EPIDERMAL growth factor
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - RESEARCH -- Methodology
KW  - MEDICAL cooperation
KW  - BASAL lamina
KW  - MICE
KW  - PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES
KW  - PROTEIN-tyrosine kinase
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - TRANSFERASES
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - EVALUATION -- Research
KW  - DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDES
KW  - CANCER cell culture
KW  - COLONY-forming units assay
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - DRUGS -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 119414665; Wang, Fei 1; Hansen, Rhonda K; Radisky, Derek; Yoneda, Toshiyuki; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen; Petersen, Ole W; Turley, Eva A; Bissell, Mina J; Source Information: 10/2/2002, Vol. 94 Issue 19, p1494; Subject: TUMORS -- Treatment; Subject: ANIMAL experimentation; Subject: ANTIGENS; Subject: BREAST tumors; Subject: CANCER invasiveness; Subject: CARRIER proteins; Subject: CELL death; Subject: CELL division (Biology); Subject: CELL physiology; Subject: CELLULAR signal transduction; Subject: COMPARATIVE studies; Subject: CYTOSKELETAL proteins; Subject: ENZYME inhibitors; Subject: EPIDERMAL growth factor; Subject: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject: RESEARCH -- Methodology; Subject: MEDICAL cooperation; Subject: BASAL lamina; Subject: MICE; Subject: PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES; Subject: PROTEIN-tyrosine kinase; Subject: RESEARCH; Subject: TRANSFERASES; Subject: TUMORS; Subject: PHENOTYPE; Subject: EVALUATION -- Research; Subject: DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDES; Subject: CANCER cell culture; Subject: COLONY-forming units assay; Subject: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject: DRUGS -- Physiological effect; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: journal article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
AU  - Dong, Weijin
AU  - Meyers, Tilden
T1  - Transpiration of gaseous elemental mercury through vegetation in a subtropical wetland in Florida
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 5207
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Four seasonal sampling campaigns were carried out in the Florida Everglades to measure elemental Hg vapor (Hg°) fluxes over emergent macrophytes using a modified Bowen ratio gradient approach. The predominant flux of Hg° over both invasive cattail and native sawgrass stands was emission; mean day time fluxes over cattail ranged from ∼20 (winter) to ∼40 (summer) ng m−2 h−1. Sawgrass fluxes were about half those over cattail during comparable periods. Emission from vegetation significantly exceeded evasion of Hg° from the underlying water surface (∼1–2 ng m−2 h−1) measured simultaneously using floating chambers. Among several environmental factors (e.g. CO2 flux, water vapor flux, wind speed, water, air and leaf temperature, and solar radiation), water vapor exhibited the strongest correlation with Hg° flux, and transpiration is suggested as an appropriate term to describe this phenomenon. The lack of significant Hg° emissions from a live, but uprooted (floating) cattail stand suggests that a likely source of the transpired Hg° is the underlying sediments. The pattern of Hg° fluxes typically measured indicated a diel cycle with two peaks, possibly related to different gas exchange dynamics: one in early morning related to lacunal gas release, and a second at midday related to transpiration; nighttime fluxes approached zero. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Transpiration of plants
KW  - Cladium
KW  - Typha
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Cladium jamaicense
KW  - Everglades
KW  - Fluxes
KW  - Typha domingenesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7904965; Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Email Address: sll@ornl.gov; Dong, Weijin 1,2; Meyers, Tilden 3; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2 : Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; 3 : Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, NOAA, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA;  Source Info: 2002, Vol. 36 Issue 33, p5207; Thesaurus Term: Biochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Transpiration of plants; Subject Term: Cladium; Subject Term: Typha; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cladium jamaicense; Author-Supplied Keyword: Everglades; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Typha domingenesis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lorenzetti, David M.
T1  - Computational aspects of nodal multizone airflow systems
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 37
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
SN  - 03601323
AB  - The multizone approach to steady-state airflow problems models a building as a network of discrete mass flow paths. A nodal formulation of the problem writes the governing equations in terms of the unknown pressures at the points where the flow paths connect. This paper proves conditions under which the nodal equations yield symmetric positive-definite matrices, guaranteeing a unique solution to the flow network. It also establishes relaxed conditions under which a nodal airflow system yields asymmetric matrices with positive eigenvalues, guaranteeing at least one solution.Properly exploiting the system properties greatly reduces the cost of numerical solution. Thus, multizone airflow programs such as CONTAM and COMIS depend on symmetric positive-definite systems. However, the background literature neglects or simplifies the underlying assumptions, does not assert existence and uniqueness, and even contains factual errors. This paper corrects those errors, states the implicit assumptions made in the programs, and discusses implications for modelers and programmers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air flow
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Eigenvalues
KW  - Airflow
KW  - Multizone
KW  - Network
KW  - Nodal
N1  - Accession Number: 7843899; Lorenzetti, David M. 1; Email Address: DMLorenzetti@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 37 Issue 11, p1083; Thesaurus Term: Air flow; Subject Term: Buildings; Subject Term: Eigenvalues; Author-Supplied Keyword: Airflow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multizone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nodal; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghan, S. J.
AU  - Bian, X.
AU  - Hunt, A.G.
AU  - Coleman, A.
T1  - The thermodynamic influence of subgrid orography in a global climate model.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 44
SN  - 09307575
AB  - Assessments of the impacts of climate change typically require information at scales of 10 km or  less. Such a resolution in global climate simulations is unlikely for at least two decades. We have developed an alternative to explicit resolution that provides a framework for meeting the needs of climate change impact assessment much sooner. We have applied to a global climate model a physically based subgrid-scale treatment of the influence of orography on temperature, clouds, precipitation, and land surface hydrology. The treatment represents subgrid variations in surface elevation in terms of fractional area distributions of discrete elevation classes. For each class it  calculates the height rise/descent of air parcels traveling through the grid cell, and applies the influence of the rise/descent to the temperature and humidity profiles of the elevation class. Cloud, radiative, and surface processes are calculated separately for each elevation class using the same physical parametrizations used by the model without the subgrid orography parametrization. The simulated climate fields for each elevation class can then be distributed in post-processing according to the spatial distribution of surface elevation within each grid cell. Parallel 10-year simulations with and without the subgrid treatment have been performed. The simulated temperature, precipitation and snow water are mapped to 2.5-minute (∼5 km) resolution and compared with gridded analyses of station measurements. The simulation with the subgrid scheme produces a much more realistic distribution of snow water and significantly more realistic distributions of temperature and precipitation than the simulation without the subgrid scheme. Moreover, the 250-km grid cell means of most other fields are virtually unchanged by the subgrid scheme. This suggests that the tuning of the climate model without the subgrid scheme is also applicable to the model with the scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mountains
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Acclimatization
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Physical & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 17546299; Ghan, S. J. 1; Email Address: steve.ghan@pnl.gov; Bian, X. 1; Hunt, A.G. 1; Coleman, A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN K9-24, Richland, Washington 99352, USA;  Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p31; Thesaurus Term: Mountains; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Acclimatization; Subject Term: Thermodynamics; Subject Term: Physical & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-002-0257-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sblattero, Daniele
AU  - Florian, Fiorella
AU  - Azzoni, Elisabetta
AU  - Zyla, Trevin
AU  - Park, Min
AU  - Baldas, Valentina
AU  - Not, Tarcisio
AU  - Ventura, Alessandro
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
AU  - Marzari, Roberto
T1  - The analysis of the fine specificity of celiac disease antibodies using tissue transglutaminase fragments.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 269
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5175
EP  - 5181
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Celiac disease is an intestinal malabsorption characterized by an intolerance to cereal proteins accompanied by immunological responses to dietary gliadins and an autoantigen located in the endomysium. The latter has been identified as the enzyme tissue transglutaminase which belongs to a family of enzymes that catalyze protein cross-linking reactions and is constitutively expressed in many tissues as well as being activated during apoptosis. In a recent paper, we described the selection and characterization of anti-transglutaminase Igs from phage antibody libraries created from intestinal lymphocytes from celiac disease patients. In this work, using transglutaminase gene fragments, we identify a region of tissue transglutaminase recognized by these antibodies as being conformational and located in the core domain of the enzyme. This is identical to the region recognized by anti-transglutaminase Igs found in the serum of celiac disease patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - TRANSGLUTAMINASES
KW  - CELIAC disease
KW  - autoimmunity
KW  - celiac disease
KW  - epitope mapping
KW  - phage display
KW  - transglutaminase
N1  - Accession Number: 7606412; Sblattero, Daniele 1; Florian, Fiorella 1; Azzoni, Elisabetta 1; Zyla, Trevin 2; Park, Min 2; Baldas, Valentina 3; Not, Tarcisio 3; Ventura, Alessandro 3; Bradbury, Andrew 2,4; Marzari, Roberto 1; Source Information: Nov2002, Vol. 269 Issue 21, p5175; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject: TRANSGLUTAMINASES; Subject: CELIAC disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: autoimmunity; Author-Supplied Keyword: celiac disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: epitope mapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: phage display; Author-Supplied Keyword: transglutaminase; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03215.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Schultz, Eugene
T1  - Demystifying Intrusion Detection: Sorting through the Confusion, Hyperbole and Misconceptions
JO  - Network Security
JF  - Network Security
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 2002
IS  - 11
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 12
SN  - 13534858
N1  - Accession Number: 8620608; Schultz, Eugene 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California/Berkeley Lab, USA; Issue Info: Nov2002, Vol. 2002 Issue 11, p12; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gelfman, Mary Hughes Boyce
AU  - Davidson, George A.
AU  - Himmelfarb, Anne
AU  - Orent, Wendy
AU  - Zelifcoff, Alan
AU  - Easterbrook, Gregg
AU  - Callaghan, Paul
T1  - CORRESPONDENCE.
JO  - New Republic
JF  - New Republic
Y1  - 2002/11/18/
VL  - 227
IS  - 21
M3  - Letter
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
PB  - TNR II, LLC
SN  - 00286583
AB  - Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues of the journal "The New Republic."  Comments on the context of masculinity in the campaign approach of several women candidates in the U.S.; "Private Practice," which focused on a claim that reform-minded lawyers favor canceling attorney-client privilege; "Term Limits," which argued that chemical and biological weapons should not be considered as weapons of mass destruction.
KW  - ATTORNEY & client
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - WOMEN political candidates
KW  - MASCULINITY
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 15307860; Gelfman, Mary Hughes Boyce; Davidson, George A.; Himmelfarb, Anne; Orent, Wendy; Zelifcoff, Alan 1; Easterbrook, Gregg; Callaghan, Paul; Affiliations: 1: Senior Scientist, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Issue Info: 11/18/2002, Vol. 227 Issue 21, p4; Thesaurus Term: ATTORNEY & client; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: WOMEN political candidates; Subject Term: MASCULINITY; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922130 Legal Counsel and Prosecution; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1294
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radike, Martha
AU  - Warshawsky, David
AU  - Caruso, Joseph
AU  - Goth-Goldstein, Regine
AU  - Reilman, Raymond
AU  - Collins, Tyrone
AU  - Yaeger, Marlene
AU  - Wang, Jiansheng
AU  - Vela, Nohora
AU  - Olsen, Lisa
AU  - Schneider, Joanne
T1  - DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION OF A MIXTURE OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM, CHROMIUM, NICKEL, AND VANADIUM IN MOUSE SMALL INTESTINE, KIDNEYS, PANCREAS, AND FEMUR FOLLOWING ORAL ADMINISTRATION IN WATER OR FEED.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
Y1  - 2002/11/24/
VL  - 65
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 2029
EP  - 2052
SN  - 15287394
AB  - Manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites are contaminated with coal tar and may contain metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and vanadium (V). These metals are known to cause cancer or other adverse health conditions in humans, and the extent and cost of remediating MGP sites may be influenced by the presence of these metals. Studies assessed the distribution of these metals in female B6C3F1 mice ingesting (1) a metal mixture in water or (2) an MGP mixture in NIH-31 feed. The highest metal levels were measured in the small intestine and kidneys of mice receiving the metal mixture in water. For mice receiving the metal mixture in water, levels of As, Cd, and Cr, in the small intestine, levels of As, Cd, Cr, and V in the kidneys, levels of As and Cd in the pancreas, and levels of Cr and V in the femur were significantly greater than controls at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 wk. Except for Ni levels in the small intestine and femur and Cr levels in the kidneys, levels of metals were much lower in mice administered the MGP mixture in feed. The highest concentrations of metals in mice ingesting the MGP mixture in feed were found in the small intestine and kidneys, but few were significantly greater than controls. Levels of As in the small intestine at 6 and 18 wk and levels of Cr in the kidneys at 12, 18, and 24 wk were significantly greater than in controls. The data suggest that tissue burdens in small intestine, kidneys, pancreas, and femur of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and vanadium are less when metals are present as an MGP mixture in feed than as a mixture in water. The reduced distribution and accumulation of metals in the organs of mice ingesting the MGP mixture in feed compared to the levels in organs of mice ingesting the metal mixture in water suggests that metals may be less likely to accumulate in humans ingesting MGP mixtures, thereby presenting a lower overall human health risk. The data presented indicate that the matrix in which metals are present will affect the uptake of individual metals and the organ specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTAMINATION of drinking water
KW  - FOOD contamination
KW  - METALS
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION
N1  - Accession Number: 8526335; Radike, Martha 1; Warshawsky, David 1; Caruso, Joseph 2; Goth-Goldstein, Regine 3; Reilman, Raymond 1; Collins, Tyrone 1; Yaeger, Marlene 1; Wang, Jiansheng 2; Vela, Nohora 2; Olsen, Lisa 2; Schneider, Joanne 1; Source Information: 2002, Vol. 65 Issue 23, p2029; Subject: CONTAMINATION of drinking water; Subject: FOOD contamination; Subject: METALS; Subject: BIOACCUMULATION; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00984100290071324
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
AU  - Tanner, Roger L.
T1  - Characterization of ultrafine and fine particles at a site near the Great Smoky Mountains National Park
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 5795
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Continuous measurements were taken during a 22-day campaign held in the summer of 2000 at a site close to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in eastern Tennessee. The campaign was conducted to investigate the relationships between ultrafine/fine particles and gaseous species observed. A varimax-rotation factor analysis was performed to explore the relationship of the fine and ultrafine particle number concentrations, the gaseous species concentration, the mean wind speed, and the solar radiation. A 6-factor model was found to best resolve 79.7% of the variability embedded in the data. The model suggests that 31.4% of the data variability could be explained by ultrafine particles (the diameters smaller than or equal to 100 nm). It was difficult to label this factor without chemistry information of the ultrafine particles. However, no gas species were loaded on Factor 1 indicating the ultrafine particles observed in this study were not associated with primary source emissions. The decoupling of the ultrafine particles from the fine particles also implies that the former ones might have been produced and transported to the site by separated mechanisms from those of fine particles. The second factor included the PM2.5 mass concentration and the number concentrations of particles in the diameter range of 101–400 nm. The loading pattern on Factor 2 led to the conclusion that this factor was contributed by regional transport. The third factor includes CO, NO2, reactive odd nitrogen (NOy), and SO2 that were contributed by primary source emissions. The mean wind speed and ozone were loaded in Factor 4 that was labeled as ozone transport. Identification of this factor led to an observation that ozone transport to the site was essentially decoupled from the regional transport factor of fine particles (i.e., Factor 2). Solar radiation was singly included in the fifth factor indicating this is a unique factor. The quality of NO data was marginal and the variable was distilled by the model into Factor 6. A multiple regression analysis further indicated that PM2.5 mass concentration was best explained by CO, O3, and number concentrations of particles in the diameter range between 0.1 and 0.4 μm. We also identified two unique events during the campaign in which the number concentrations of 31–51 nm particles dramatically increased by a factor of 10 in 30 min, reaching 40,000 cm−3 and lasting for a couple of hours. Particles in the size range just below and above those in the 31–51 nm diameter range also exhibited increases during these events, but the changes were much less dramatic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bulk solids
KW  - Factor analysis
KW  - Great Smoky Mountains National Park (N.C. & Tenn.)
KW  - Source–receptor relationships
KW  - The Great Smoky Mountains National Park
KW  - Ultrafine and fine particles
N1  - Accession Number: 7786471; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov; Tanner, Roger L. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, Mail Stop 6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 2 : Tennessee Valley Authority, Environmental Research Center, Muscle Shoals, AL 35662, USA;  Source Info: 2002, Vol. 36 Issue 38, p5795; Subject Term: Bulk solids; Subject Term: Factor analysis; Subject: Great Smoky Mountains National Park (N.C. & Tenn.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Source–receptor relationships; Author-Supplied Keyword: The Great Smoky Mountains National Park; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafine and fine particles; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Yiwen
AU  - Wesely, M.L.
AU  - Pierce, T.E.
T1  - Estimates of biogenic emissions using satellite observations and influence of isoprene emission on O3 formation over the eastern United States
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 5819
SN  - 13522310
AB  - A biogenic emissions model for isoprene, monoterpenes, and nitric oxide has been developed with algorithms that rely on normalized difference vegetative index values derived from satellite remote sensing data to infer leaf area index. The model obtains emission factors from the Biogenic Emission Inventory System (BEIS). This biogenic emissions model, combined with a dry deposition model, was applied with environmental variable values supplied by MM5 (the fifth-generation Mesoscale Model). The modeled temporal variations and spatial distributions of the surface emissions rates of isoprene, monoterpenes, and nitric oxide the eastern US agreed well with reported simulations, measurements, and inferences. Use of the satellite data generates considerable detail in the spatial patterns, high temporal resolution, and a smooth seasonal variation in the emission rates. The new biogenic emissions model was used with a photochemistry modeling system to infer ozone (O3) concentrations in the lower troposphere above the eastern United States for a two-day case in July 1995, which had O3 episodes studied previously by the Ozone Transport Assessment Group. Compared to the results from the OTAG application of BEIS2, the satellite-data-derived isoprene emissions were slightly lower in the northeastern United States, which resulted in smaller values of O3 concentration and were 3–4 times higher in southeastern mixed forests, which had little impact on O3 except near strong NOx emission sources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Nitric oxide
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Isoprene
KW  - Monoterpenes
KW  - Biogenic emissions
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Ozone
N1  - Accession Number: 7786473; Xu, Yiwen 1; Wesely, M.L. 1; Email Address: mlwesely@anl.gov; Pierce, T.E. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 2 : Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Research Triangle, Park, NC 27711, USA;  Source Info: 2002, Vol. 36 Issue 38, p5819; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Nitric oxide; Subject Term: Remote sensing; Subject Term: Isoprene; Subject Term: Monoterpenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogenic emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Yang
AU  - Hsieh, Yuch-Ping
T1  - Uncertainties and novel prospects in the study of the soil carbon dynamics
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 49
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 791
SN  - 00456535
AB  - Establishment of the Kyoto Protocol has resulted in an effort to look towards living biomass and soils for carbon sequestration. In order for carbon credits to be meaningful, sustained carbon sequestration for decades or longer is required. It has been speculated that improved land management could result in sequestration of a substantial amount of carbon in soils within several decades and therefore can be an important option in reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration. However, evaluation of soil carbon sources and sinks is difficult because the dynamics of soil carbon storage and release is complex and still not well understood. There has been rapid development of quantitative techniques over the past two decades for measuring the component fluxes of the global carbon cycle and for studying the soil carbon cycle. Most significant development in the soil carbon cycle study is the application of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in radiocarbon measurements. This has made it possible to unravel rates of carbon cycling in soils, by studying natural levels of radiocarbon in soil organic matter and soil CO2. Despite the advances in the study of the soil carbon cycle in the recent decades, tremendous uncertainties exist in the sizes and turnover times of soil carbon pools. The uncertainties result from lack of standard methods and incomplete understanding of soil organic carbon dynamics, compounded by natural variability in soil carbon and carbon isotopic content even within the same ecosystem. Many fundamental questions concerning the dynamics of the soil carbon cycle have yet to be answered. This paper reviews and synthesizes the isotopic approaches to the study of the soil carbon cycle. We will focus on uncertainties and limitations associated with these approaches and point out areas where more research is needed to improve our understanding of this important component of the global carbon cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - Radiocarbon
KW  - Soil carbon cycle
KW  - Soil CO2
KW  - Soil organic matter
KW  - Turnover time
N1  - Accession Number: 7883679; Wang, Yang 1; Email Address: ywang@magnet.fsu.edu; Hsieh, Yuch-Ping 2; Affiliations: 1 : Florida State University and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4100, USA; 2 : Wetland Ecology Program, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 49 Issue 8, p791; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turnover time; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Felisa A.
AU  - Elliott, Scott
AU  - Blake, Donald R.
AU  - Rowland, F. Sherwood
T1  - Spatiotemporal variation of methane and other trace hydrocarbon concentrations in the Valley of Mexico
JO  - Environmental Science & Policy
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
SN  - 14629011
AB  - Mexico City is the world’s largest and most polluted urban center. We examine the distribution of methane and other hydrocarbons within the Valley of Mexico, using it as a model for the role developing megacities will play in the next century of geochemical cycling. Seventy-five whole air samples were analyzed with multivariate statistical techniques, including factor analysis using principal components. Methane concentrations are highly variable in space and time, due to air circulations and source distribution. Landfills and open sewage canals are major inputs. Emissions into and out from the valley are modeled to be ∼515 t per day. Per capita emission is 0.01 t per annum per person, consistent with the global average for human related anaerobic generation. Natural gas leaks are small, and likely to be higher in other developing megacities; Mexican natural gas use has been discouraged out of earthquake safety concerns. In contrast, liquefied petroleum gas loss constitutes the major emission of propane and butane estimated at a leak rate of 5–10%. Kyoto and other environmental conventions have ignored methane as a greenhouse gas. Our analysis underscores the need to consider methane and other hydrocarbons, and the urbanization process, in future emission protocols. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Policy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Factor analysis
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Mexico City (Mexico)
KW  - Climate forcing
KW  - Megacities
KW  - Mexico City
KW  - Source receptor analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 8578629; Smith, Felisa A. 1; Email Address: fasmith@unm.edu; Elliott, Scott 2; Email Address: selliott@kokopelli.lanl.gov; Blake, Donald R. 3; Rowland, F. Sherwood 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; 2 : Atmospheric and Climate Sciences Group, Division of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3 : Department of Chemistry, Rowland Hall, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 5 Issue 6, p449; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Subject Term: Factor analysis; Subject: Mexico; Subject: Mexico City (Mexico); Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate forcing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Megacities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico City; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source receptor analysis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruiz-Aguilar, Graciela M. L.
AU  - Fernandez-Sanchez, Jose M.
AU  - Kane, Staci R.
AU  - Donguk Kim
AU  - Alvarez, Pedro J. J.
T1  - EFFECT OF ETHANOL AND METHYL-TERT-BUTYL ETHER ON MONOAROMATIC HYDROCARBON BIODEGRADATION: RESPONSE VARIABILITY FOR DIFFERENT AQUIFER MATERIALS UNDER VARIOUS ELECTRON-ACCEPTING CONDITIONS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2631
EP  - 2639
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Aquifer microcosms were used to determine how ethanol and Aquifer microcosms  (MtBE) affect monoaromatic hydrocarbon degradation under different electron-accepting conditions commonly found in contaminated sites experiencing natural attenuation. Response variability was investigated by using aquifer material from four sites with different exposure history. The lag phase prior to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) and ethanol degradation was typically shorter in microcosms with previously contaminated aquifer material, although previous exposure did not always result in high degradation activity. Toluene was degraded in all aquifer materials and generally under a broader range of electron-accepting conditions compared to benzene, which was degraded only under aerobic conditions. The MtBE was not degraded within 100 d under any condition, and it did not affect BTEX or ethanol degradation patterns. Ethanol was often degraded before BTEX compounds and had a variable effect on BTEX degradation as a function of electron-accepting conditions and aquifer material source. An occasional enhancement of toluene degradation by ethanol occurred in denitrifying microcosms with unlimited nitrate; this may be attributable to the fortuitous growth of toluene-degrading bacteria during ethanol degradation. Nevertheless, experiments with flow-through aquifer columns showed that this beneficial effect could be eclipsed by an ethanol-driven depletion of electron acceptors, which significantly inhibited BTEX degradation and is probably the most important mechanism by which ethanol could hinder BTEX natural attenuation. A decrease in natural attenuation could increase the likelihood that BTEX compounds reach a receptor as well as the potential duration of exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Ethylbenzene
KW  - Xylene
KW  - Aquifers
KW  - Degradation kinetics
KW  - Monoaromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Natural attenuation
KW  - Oxygenates
KW  - Substrate interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15900263; Ruiz-Aguilar, Graciela M. L. 1; Fernandez-Sanchez, Jose M. 1; Kane, Staci R. 2; Donguk Kim 3; Alvarez, Pedro J. J. 1; Email Address: pedro-alvarez@uiowa.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4119 Seamans Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52245, USA; 2 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Environmental Restoration Division, Livermore, California 94550, USA; 3 : Department of Chemical Engineering, Inje University, 607 Obang-Dong, Kimhae, Kyongnam 621-749, South Korea;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 21 Issue 12, p2631; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Thesaurus Term: Ethylbenzene; Thesaurus Term: Xylene; Thesaurus Term: Aquifers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degradation kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monoaromatic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural attenuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygenates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substrate interactions; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berndt, Marita L.
AU  - Philippacopoulos, Aristodimos J.
T1  - Incorporation of fibres in geothermal well cements
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Fibre-reinforced cements are of potential value in geothermal well cementing jobs due to their ability to withstand higher tensile stresses than conventional cements. Screening tests were performed to evaluate different fibre types with the objective of identifying systems offering the greatest improvement in cement tensile strength. The fibres investigated included steel, stainless steel, carbon, basalt and glass. The baseline cement matrix was standard Class G cement/40% silica flour and variations on this were latex-modification and lightweight formulations incorporating either perlite or microspheres. The fibres that showed the best performance at low volume fraction were 13 mm brass-coated round steel fibres. Steel and carbon microfibres also improved the tensile strength provided the volume fraction was high enough. Thermal and hydraulic properties of cements reinforced with steel fibres were measured and compared with unreinforced mixes. Based on the results, selected fibre types will be used in further property characterization studies and engineering analysis of geothermal wells completed with fibre-reinforced materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cement
KW  - Strains & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Metal fibers
KW  - Drilling
KW  - Fibres
KW  - Wells
N1  - Accession Number: 7916689; Berndt, Marita L.; Email Address: allan@bnl.gov; Philippacopoulos, Aristodimos J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p643; Subject Term: Cement; Subject Term: Strains & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: Metal fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drilling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fibres; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wells; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Philippacopoulos, Aristodimos J.
AU  - Berndt, Marita L.
T1  - Structural analysis of geothermal well cements
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 657
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Current design procedures are deficient when it comes to the cement/sealant used in geothermal well cementing jobs. The structural performance of the cement is based on the requirement that the cement must have a certain compressive strength. By calculating the response of the cement due to pressure/temperature (P/T) loads, the relevant stress fields are found to be sensitive to a variety of parameters in such a way that they cannot be enveloped solely by the compressive strength of the material. A similar concern also exists in the oil and gas industry. This paper presents a variety of modeling approaches that can be used to perform the necessary structural analysis from which the stress field in the cement can be evaluated. It is recommended that the design of the cement be based on the results from such structural analysis rather than on the basis of the limited requirement for compressive strength. The paper also presents parametric variations of the radial and tangential stresses in the cement that were obtained through coupled analyses of casing-cement-formation models. It is shown that the state of stress in the cement is very sensitive to (a) far-field stress and (b) the relative stiffness between the cement and the formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geothermal resources
KW  - Cement
KW  - Structural frames -- Models
KW  - Cement/sealant
KW  - Geothermal wells
KW  - P/T loads
KW  - Strength requirements
KW  - Structural models
N1  - Accession Number: 7916690; Philippacopoulos, Aristodimos J.; Email Address: ajph@bnl.gov; Berndt, Marita L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p657; Thesaurus Term: Geothermal resources; Subject Term: Cement; Subject Term: Structural frames -- Models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cement/sealant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geothermal wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: P/T loads; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strength requirements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural models; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brenner, D. J.
AU  - Sawant, S. G.
AU  - Hande, M. P.
AU  - Miller, R. C.
AU  - Elliston, C. D.
AU  - Fu, Z.
AU  - Randers-Pehrson, G.
AU  - Marino, S. A.
T1  - Routine screening mammography: how important is the radiation-risk side of the benefit-risk equation?
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 78
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1065
EP  - 1067
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - The potential radiation hazards associated with routine screening mammography, in terms of breast cancer induction, are discussed in the context of the potential benefits. The very low energy X-rays used in screening mammography (26-30 kVp) are expected to be more hazardous, per unit dose, than high-energy X- or γ-rays, such as those to which A-bomb survivors (from which radiation risk estimates are derived) were exposed. Based on in vitro studies using oncogenic transformation and chromosome aberration end-points, as well as theoretical estimates, it seems likely that low doses of low-energy X-rays produce an increased risk per unit dose (compared with high energy photons) of about a factor of 2. Because of the low doses involved in screening mammography, the benefit-risk ratio for older women would still be expected to be large, though for younger women the increase in the estimated radiation risk suggests a somewhat later age than currently recommended—by about 5-10 years—at which to commence routine breast screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAMMOGRAMS
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - MEDICAL radiography -- Complications
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 8797924; Brenner, D. J. 1; Sawant, S. G. 2; Hande, M. P. 1; Miller, R. C. 3; Elliston, C. D. 1; Fu, Z. 4; Randers-Pehrson, G. 1; Marino, S. A. 1; Source Information: Dec2002, Vol. 78 Issue 12, p1065; Subject: MAMMOGRAMS; Subject: BREAST cancer; Subject: MEDICAL radiography -- Complications; Subject: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/0955300021000016576
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sohn, Michael D.
AU  - Reynolds, Pamela
AU  - Singh, Navtej
AU  - Gadgil, Ashok J.
T1  - Rapidly Locating and Characterizing Pollutant Releases in Buildings.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 52
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Focuses on the application of Bayesian statistics to interpret measurements of airborne pollutant concentrations from multiple sensors placed in the building and computation of best estimates and uncertainties of the release conditions. Impact of the release of airborne contaminants in or near a building, on human; Strategies to control the impact of pollutants on human; Assessment of the usefulness of Bayesian statistics.
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Statistics
N1  - Accession Number: 12479602; Sohn, Michael D. 1; Reynolds, Pamela 1; Singh, Navtej 1; Gadgil, Ashok J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Indoor Environmental Department , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 52 Issue 12, p1; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Chemicals; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Buildings; Subject Term: Statistics; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bird, L.
AU  - Wüstenhagen, R.
AU  - Aabakken, J.
T1  - A review of international green power markets: recent experience, trends, and market drivers
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
SN  - 13640321
AB  - Green power marketing—the act of differentially selling electricity generated wholly or in part from renewable sources—has emerged in more than a dozen countries around the world. Almost two million customers worldwide buy green power today. This paper reviews green power marketing activity in Australia, Canada, Japan, the US, and in a number of countries in Europe to gain an understanding of consumer demand for electricity generated from renewable sources. It also examines key factors that influence market penetration of green power products, such as product designs, pricing, incentives, marketing strategies, policies, and product certification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Electric power
KW  - Customer choice
KW  - Deregulation
KW  - Green power marketing
KW  - Green pricing
N1  - Accession Number: 8546595; Bird, L. 1; Email Address: Lori_Bird@nrel.gov; Wüstenhagen, R. 2; Email Address: rolf@sam-group.com; Aabakken, J. 1; Email Address: jorn_aabakken@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 2 : SAM Private Equity, Zollikerstrasse 60, CH-8702 Zollikon, Switzerland;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 6 Issue 6, p513; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Thesaurus Term: Electric power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Customer choice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deregulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green power marketing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green pricing; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - The hydrogen economy, the creation of the worldwide energy web and the redistribution of power on earth: By Jeremy Rifkin, Penguin Putnam, New York, NY, September 2002, 304 pp. ISBN 1-58542-193-6; $24.95, paperback
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 81
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 8545361; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p81; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Earth Summit 2002: a new deal: Edited by Felix Dodds and Toby Middleton, Earthscan Publications Ltd., London, UK, 2001 (Revised Edition), 384 pp. ISBN 1853838675, paperback
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 83
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 8545362; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS: 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p83; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Streit, James R.
T1  - Dear RM.
JO  - Risk Management (00355593)
JF  - Risk Management (00355593)
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 49
IS  - 12
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 00355593
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Technology Tools for Crisis Response Facilities: Fire Suppression," in the October 2002 issue.
KW  - FIRE prevention -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 18475775; Streit, James R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fire Protection Engineer/Fire Marshal, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 49 Issue 12, p6; Thesaurus Term: FIRE prevention -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ent
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higdon, Dave
T1  - The Spatial Moving Average Workshop.
JO  - Statistical Modelling: An International Journal
JF  - Statistical Modelling: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
EP  - 265
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 1471082X
AB  - Reports on a workshop on spatial moving average models held on May 20-22, 2001 at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington.  Applications using these models; Host and supporter of the workshop; Participants of the workshop.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - SEATTLE (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNIVERSITY of Washington
N1  - Accession Number: 8909876; Higdon, Dave 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p265; Thesaurus Term: SEMINARS; Subject: SEATTLE (Wash.); Subject: WASHINGTON (State); Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNIVERSITY of Washington; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Gregory D.
AU  - Derbyshire, Alan
AU  - Clark, Robin J. H.
T1  - IN SITU SPECTROSCOPIC DETECTION OF LEAD SULPHIDE ON A BLACKENED MANUSCRIPT ILLUMINATION BY RAMAN MICROSCOPY.
JO  - Studies in Conservation
JF  - Studies in Conservation
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 250
EP  - 256
SN  - 00393630
AB  - This study investigates a common pigment degradation process, the darkening of lead white by its conversion to lead sulphide (PbS), that is often assumed to have taken place before restoration treatments are applied. For the first time, Raman spectra similar to those obtained from mineral galena (PbS) have been acquired directly from the surface of a manuscript illumination suffering from lead white discoloration. These data, which were collected using a new generation, highly sensitive Raman microscope, indicate that previously published Raman spectra of PbS on historical materials were the result of laser-induced degradation of that material during the analysis. This new instrumentation can be used routinely for the situ, non-destructive identification of lead white degradation products prior to restoration treatments and provides a means of studying the effects of conservation treatments on artists' materials. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Este estudio trata el proceso de degradación de un pigmento común: el oscurecimiento del blanco de plomo a sulfuro de plomo (PbS), del que se asume habitualmente que tiene lugar antes de que sea aplicado tratamiento de restauración alguno. Por primera vez espectros Raman similares a los que se obtienen para el mineral galena (PbS) han sido obtenidos directamente de la superficie de un manuscrito iluminado que sufría la mencionada típica decoloración del blanco de plomo. Estos datos, que fueron tomados usando un microscopio de nueva generación Raman de alta sensibilidad, indican que los espectros Raman previamente publicados de PbS analizando materiales históricos eran el resultado de la degradación en ese material inducida por láser durante los análisis. Esta nueva generación puede ser usada de manera rutinaria in situ, obteniéndose una identificación no destructiva de los productos de degradación del blanco de plomo anteriores a los procesos de restauración; nos aporta además medios de estudio de los efectos de los tratamientos de conservación en los materiales para artistas. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Cette étude concerne un processus courant de dégradation d'un pigment, à savoir le noircissement du blanc de plomb par transformation en sulfure de plomb (PbS), qu'on suppose souvent être survenu avant un traitement de restauration. Pour la première fois, on a pu acquérir directement à partir de la surface d'un manuscrit enluminé sujet au noircissement du blanc de plomb un spectre Raman identique à celui du minerai de galène (PbS). Ces données, obtenues grâce à une nouvelle génération de microscopes Raman à haute sensibilité, ont montré que les spectres Raman de PbS de matériaux historiques publiés antérieurement résultaient d'une dégradation du matériau induite par le laser au cours de l'analyse. La nouvelle instrumentation peut âtre utilisée de façon courante pour l'identification non destructive et in situ des produits de dégradation du blanc de plomb avant un traitement de restauration; elle fournit un moyen d'étude des effets des traitements de restauration sur les matériaux artistiques. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - In dieser Studie wird die Umwandlung von Bleiweiß in dunkles Bleisulfid untersucht, von der angenommen wird, daß sie häufig vor einer Restaurierungsmaßnahme stattfindet. Erstmals konnten Ramanspektren, die mit denen von mineralischem Galenit (PbS) übereinstimmen, direkt auf der Oberfläche einer Bleiweißverschwärzungen aufweisenden Buchmalerei erhalten werden. Die Spektren konnten mit Hilfe eines einer neuen Generation angehörenden, hochempfindlichen Raman-Mikroskops aufgenommen werden. Die Daten legenden Schluß nahe, daß die bisher auf historischem Material erhaltenen Ramanspektren von PbS ein Produkt des laserinduzierten Abbaus des Materials während der Analyse waren. Das neue Instrumentarium kann zur Zerstörungsfreien in situ Identifizierung der Abbauprodukte von Bleiweiß genutzt werden, wie sie vor einer Restaurierung vorliegen. Es erlaubt daher Aussagen über die Effekte von Konservierungsmaßnahmen an Künstlermaterialien. (German) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Studies in Conservation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pigments
KW  - Art -- Conservation & restoration
KW  - Manuscripts
KW  - Lead sulfide
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Raman effect
N1  - Accession Number: 34252617; Smith, Gregory D. 1; Derbyshire, Alan 2; Clark, Robin J. H. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, PO Box 5000, National Synchroton Light Source, Bldg 725D, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 2 : Conservation Department, Victoria & Albert Museum, South Kensington, London SW7 2RL, UK; 3 : Christopher Ingold Laboratory, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK;  Source Info: 2002, Vol. 47 Issue 4, p250; Thesaurus Term: Pigments; Thesaurus Term: Art -- Conservation & restoration; Thesaurus Term: Manuscripts; Subject Term: Lead sulfide; Subject Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Raman effect; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pak Chung Wong
AU  - Kwong-Kwok Wong
AU  - Foote, Harlan
T1  - ORGANIC DATA MEMORY Using the DNA Approach.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 98
PB  - Association for Computing Machinery
SN  - 00010782
AB  - A data preservation problem looms over today's information superhighway. Ancient humans preserved their knowledge by engraving bones and stone. About two millennia ago people invented paper to publish their thoughts. Today, we use magnetic media and silicon chips to store our data. "Nature" magazine reported a study resembling the first part of the effort encoding meaningful information as DNA sequences. It described an experiment in which a group of scientists at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York created an encoded DNA strand and hid it behind a period (a dot) in a printed document. The document was then sealed and mailed to its owners through the U.S. Postal Service. Eventually, the embedded message was successfully recovered in a laboratory environment. With a careful coding scheme and arrangement, important information can be encoded, such as an artificial DNA strand, and safely and permanently stored in a living host. in the short run, this technology can be used to identify origins and protect R&D investment in, say, agricultural products and endangered species.
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - INFORMATION science
N1  - Accession Number: 12514028; Pak Chung Wong 1; Email Address: pak.wong@pnl.gov; Kwong-Kwok Wong 2; Email Address: kkwong@txccc.org; Foote, Harlan 3; Email Address: harlan.foote@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Chief Scientist, Energy Science and Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; 2: Assistant Professor, Baylor School of Medicine and Director of Microarray Laboratory, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX.; 3: Senior Research Scientist, Energy Science and Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p95; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION technology; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION science; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/602421.602426
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan
AD  - Stanford U and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
T1  - Improving Long-Range Energy Modeling: A Plea for Historical Retrospectives
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
SP  - 75
EP  - 92
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0668705 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200312
N2  - One of the most striking things about forecasters is their lack of historical perspective. They rarely do retrospectives, even though looking back at past work can both illuminate the reasons for its success or failure, and improve the methodologies of current and future forecasts. One of the best and most famous retrospectives is that by Hans Landsberg, which investigates work conducted by Landsberg, Sam Schurr, and others. In this article, written mainly for model users, we highlight Landsberg s retrospective as a uniquely valuable contribution to improving forecasting methodologies. We also encourage model users to support such retrospectives more frequently. Finally, we give the current generation of analysts the kind of guidance we believe Landsberg and Sam Schurr would have offered about how to do retrospectives well.
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
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UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milligan, Michael R.
AD  - National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO
T1  - Analytic Assessments of the Economics, Reliability, and Operating Impacts of Wind Power Plants: Errata
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
SP  - 259
EP  - 262
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0730936; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200406
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Levine, Mark D.
T1  - Sustainable Production and Consumption of Energy: Developments Since the 1992 Rio Summit.
JO  - Environmental Law Reporter: News & Analysis
JF  - Environmental Law Reporter: News & Analysis
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 00462284
AB  - This article looks at the characteristics of sustainable development vis-a-vis energy consumption and production, reviews the laws and policies enacted in the United States that could contribute to more sustainable energy consumption and production, and evaluates actual achievements in three areas that measure sustainability of energy consumption and production. One finds that although there are many guiding principles relevant to energy sustainability and there have been numerous energy-related laws and policies enacted both prior to and after the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, growth in fossil fuel based energy use as well as in energy-related greenhouse gas emissions was more rapid-and thus less sustainable-in the eight years after 1992 than in the two decades prior to Rio.
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13926434; Price, Lynn 1; Levine, Mark D. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Scientist and Deputy Group Leader in the International Energy Studies Group, Energy Analysis Department of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA.; 2 : Division Director of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA.;  Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Sustainable development; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tiquia, S. M.
T1  - EVALUATION OF ORGANIC MATTER AND NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF PARTIALLY DECOMPOSED AND COMPOSTED SPENT PIG LITTER.
JO  - Environmental Technology
JF  - Environmental Technology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 107
SN  - 09593330
AB  - Characterization of soil-applied organic material is necessary in order to clarify the nature of the organic matter and nutrients in it In this study, the organic matter and nutrient contents of the spent pig litter (a mixture of partially decomposed pig manure and sawdust) was characterized before and after windrow composting to: (1) determine their changes during composting, and (2) assess the suitability of the composted spent litter as a soil amendment Results demonstrated mat the time required to teach maturity, and the composition of composted spent litter, depended on the chemical properties of the initial compost feedstock as well as the compost strategies used during composting. Total N, P, and K concentrations of the composted litter depended on chemical properties of the initial material. On the other hand, ON ratio, humic and fulvic add and cation-exchange capacity were influenced by differences in composition of the initial spent litter and composting strategy. If moisture content was maintained weekly at 60% with a four-day turning frequency, the litter reached maturity in 56 days. Maturation of spent litter was accompanied by a decline in total C, water-extractable metals, NH4+-N, increase in ash, (NO3-+NO2-)-N, humic acid, humic acid fulvic add ratio, and cation exchange capacity, and elimination of phytotoxidty. The stability of nutrient and organic matter, acceptable pH and electrical conductivity values, and low levels of undesirable components such as heavy metals and phytotoxic compounds of the spent litter provided substantial evidence that agronomically suitable compost can be obtained after composting in windrows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Sewage -- Purification -- Nutrient removal
KW  - Manures
KW  - Composting
KW  - Humic acid
KW  - Recycling (Waste, etc.)
KW  - Cation-exchange capacity
KW  - compost maturity
KW  - decomposition
KW  - deep litter system
KW  - humic acid
N1  - Accession Number: 51910163; Tiquia, S. M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA;  Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p97; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Sewage -- Purification -- Nutrient removal; Thesaurus Term: Manures; Thesaurus Term: Composting; Thesaurus Term: Humic acid; Thesaurus Term: Recycling (Waste, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cation-exchange capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: compost maturity; Author-Supplied Keyword: decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: deep litter system; Author-Supplied Keyword: humic acid; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Neill, E. G.
AU  - Johnson, D. W.
AU  - Ledford, J.
AU  - Todd, D. E.
T1  - Acute seasonal drought does not permanently alter mass loss and nitrogen dynamics during decomposition of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) litter.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 123
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract Litter decomposition is a major component of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems and is known to be sensitive to both temperature and moisture. A drought during periods of the year when moisture is normally abundant may impact decomposition more than moisture limitation during seasons that are routinely dry. We excluded precipitation for a 3-month period during each of four seasons and measured mass loss and nitrogen (N) dynamics in Acer rubrum leaf litter by using a litterbag approach. We hypothesized that rainfall exclusion would retard mass loss during the exclusion period, with the maximum effect occurring during the spring and summer months when moisture was normally adequate and temperatures optimum for decomposition, and that exclusion during these two periods would have the greatest impact on subsequent timing of decomposition events, particularly N mineralization. Mass loss in litterbags was initially reduced by precipitation exclusion in the spring treatment only. For each season, a set of bags exposed to drying in the same way and allowed to remain in the field under ambient conditions for an additional 9 months no longer showed a difference in mass loss relative to control bags. Nitrogen accumulation was immediately and significantly reduced in the exclusion treatments in all seasons; however, like mass loss, there was no difference 9 months later. We conclude that short-term effects of drought do occur, especially with regard to N accumulation, and that these effects do not persist and are unlikely to have any substantial effect on nutrient cycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Litter (Trash)
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Red maple
KW  - drought
KW  - litter decomposition
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - nitrogen accumulation
KW  - Nitrogen flux
KW  - precipitation
KW  - Throughfall Displacement Experiment
N1  - Accession Number: 8665905; O'Neill, E. G. 1; Johnson, D. W. 2; Ledford, J. 1; Todd, D. E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA,; 2 : Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA;  Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p117; Thesaurus Term: Litter (Trash); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Subject Term: Red maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: litter decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Throughfall Displacement Experiment; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00538.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Edmonds, James A.
AU  - Sands, Ronald D.
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
A2  - Griffin, James M.
T1  - What Are the Costs of Limiting CO2 Concentrations?
T2  - Global climate change: The science, economics and politics
PB  - New Horizons in Environmental Economics. Bush School Series in the Economics of Public Policy, vol. 4.
PB  - Cheltenham, U.K. and Northampton, Mass.:
PB  - Elgar; distributed by American International Distribution Corporation, Williston, Vt.
Y1  - 2003///
SP  - 140
EP  - 186
N1  - Accession Number: 0779849; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-84376-190-4; ; Geographic Descriptors: Global; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200507
KW  - Trade and Environment          F18
KW  - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes          O33
KW  - Valuation of Environmental Effects          Q51
KW  - Climate; Natural Disasters; Global Warming          Q54
KW  - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation          Q55
KW  - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth          Q56
KW  - Environmental Economics: Government Policy          Q58
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Gadgil, Ashok
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
A2  - Molella, Arthur
A2  - Bedi, Joyce
T1  - Clean Water for the World
T2  - Inventing for the environment
PB  - Lemelson Center Studies in Invention and Innovation.
PB  - Cambridge and London:
PB  - MIT Press in association with the Smithsonian Institution Lemelson Center
Y1  - 2003///
SP  - 257
EP  - 263
N1  - Accession Number: 0803211; Reviewed Book ISBN: 0-262-13427-6; Keywords: Water; Geographic Descriptors: India; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200511
KW  - Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products          O13
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling          Q53
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fthenakis, V.M.
AU  - Rohatgi, U.S.
AU  - Chung, B.D.
T1  - A simple model for predicting the release of a liquid-vapor mixture from a large break in a pressurized container
JO  - Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries
JF  - Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
SN  - 09504230
AB  - This paper presents a simple, accurate model for determining the amount and composition of a liquid-vapor release from a pressurized tank that develops a large break above the level of the liquid. Most models commonly used by the chemical industry assume that there is thermal- and mechanical-equilibrium between the liquid- and the vapor-phase (homogeneous equilibrium models, HEM). While this assumption is valid for releases though long pipes and nozzles, we found that it overestimates the total amount released during rapid discharges through large breaks in a vessel when there is insufficient time for the mixture to become homogeneous. We derived an analytical non-homogeneous, thermal equilibrium model that accurately determines the void fraction of the mixture at the time of the release, and the quantity of a release from a pressurized container. Our model is based on equations describing the transfer of interfacial momentum between the liquid- and the vapor- phases that develop during the quick depressurization of a vessel. The model’s predictions are verified by comparing them with actual measurements of the void fraction, and with the results of the RELAP5 model. Also, our model is used to determine emissions of nitrogen oxides and nitric acid in an actual rupture of a railcar tank. The results agreed with actual observations, whereas a homogeneous equilibrium model gave erroneous predictions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL industry
KW  - VAPOR-plating
N1  - Accession Number: 8927988; Fthenakis, V.M.; Email Address: vmf@bnl.gov; Rohatgi, U.S. 1; Chung, B.D.; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 19973, USA; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p61; Thesaurus Term: CHEMICAL industry; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0950-4230(02)00069-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=8927988&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, David
T1  - Erratum: "Analysis of the time-reversal operator for scatterers of finite size" [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 411-419 (2002)].
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 113
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 660
EP  - 660
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A correction to the article "Analysis of the time-reversal operator for scatterers of finite size" that was published in the 2002 issue is presented.
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 20649179; Chambers, David 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-154, Livermore, California;  Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 113 Issue 1, p660; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1121/1.1527930
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20649179&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Jordan, Gretchen B.
AU  - Streit, Devon
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
AD  - McNeil Technologies, Springfield, VA
A2  - Shapira, Philip
A2  - Kuhlmann, Stefan
T1  - Recognizing the Competing Values in Science and Technology Organizations: Implications for Evaluation
T2  - Learning from science and technology policy evaluation: Experiences from the United States and Europe
PB  - Cheltenham, U.K. and Northampton, Mass.:
PB  - Elgar
Y1  - 2003///
SP  - 316
EP  - 338
N1  - Accession Number: 0792064; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-84064-875-9; Keywords: Science;  Technology; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200509
KW  - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D          O32
KW  - Technological Change: Government Policy          O38
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - CHAPTER 12: Materials in skiing.
AU  - CASEY, H.
JO  - Materials in Sports Equipment
JF  - Materials in Sports Equipment
Y1  - 2003/01//
SP  - 326
EP  - 341
SN  - 9781855735996
N1  - Accession Number: 20607087; Author: CASEY, H.: 1 ; Author Affiliation: 1 Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; No. of Pages: 16; Language: English; Publication Type: Article; Update Code: 20060501
N2  - The article presents chapter twelve of the book "Materials in Sports Equipment," edited by Mike Jenkins. It deals with the materials utilized in skiing. Key topics discussed include: the effect of technology on the ski industry; contributions from materials and manufacturing; the development of competitive and recreational skiing; and future developments. It is interesting observe that there is a similarity in the choice of materials for skis, golf clubs, tennis rackets, and bicycles. The common factor is the criterion for the athlete to remain in balance and control in a situation involving dynamic motion and impact.
KW  - *SPORTING goods industry
KW  - *SPORTS
KW  - *SKIS & skiing -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - *SPORTING goods
KW  - *RECREATION -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - *ATHLETICS -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - MATERIALS
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grate, L.R.
AU  - Bhattacharyya, C.
AU  - Jordan, M.I.
AU  - Mian, I.S.
T1  - Integrated analysis of transcript profiling and protein sequence data
JO  - Mechanisms of Ageing & Development
JF  - Mechanisms of Ageing & Development
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 124
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 00476374
AB  - Transcript profiling can be used to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in ageing and cancer. A recent study of human gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) with mutations in the KIT gene, Cancer Res. 61 (2001) 8624 exemplifies a common type of investigation. cDNA microarrays were used to generate measurements for 1987 clones in two types of tissues: 13 KIT mutation-positive GISTs and 6 spindle cell tumours from locations outside the gastrointestinal tract. Statistical problems associated with such two-class, high-dimensional profiling data include simultaneous classification and relevant feature identification, probabilistic clustering and protein sequence family modelling. Here, the GIST data were reexamined using specific solutions to these problems, namely sparse hyperplanes, naı¨ve Bayes models and profile hidden Markov models respectively. The integrated analysis of molecular profiling and sequence data highlighted 6 clones that may be of clinical and experimental interest. The protein encoded by one of these putative biomarkers defined a novel protein family present in diverse eucarya. The family may be involved in chromosome segregation and/or stability. One family member is a potential biomarker identified recently from a retrospective analysis of transcript profiles for sporadic breast cancer samples from patients with poor and good prognosis, Signal Process. (in press). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanisms of Ageing & Development is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - GASTROINTESTINAL diseases
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Chromosome segregation
KW  - Hidden Markov models
KW  - Probabilistic clustering
KW  - Sparse hyperplanes (L1 norm minimisation)
N1  - Accession Number: 9192662; Grate, L.R. 1; Bhattacharyya, C. 2; Jordan, M.I. 2,3; Mian, I.S. 1; Email Address: smian@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Division of Computer Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Department of Statistics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: CELLS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: GASTROINTESTINAL diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosome segregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hidden Markov models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic clustering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sparse hyperplanes (L1 norm minimisation); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0047-6374(02)00174-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamins, Daniel
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Fogel, David
T1  - Growing Urban Roads.
JO  - Networks & Spatial Economics
JF  - Networks & Spatial Economics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 85
SN  - 1566113X
AB  - We present a simple simulation of road growing dynamics that can generate global features as belt-ways and star patterns observed in urban transportation infrastructure. The road growing dynamics consist of two steps: Identifying the maximum transportation potential bewteen two locations within the city, followed by the generation of the least expensive road between these two locations. The simulation defines a previously missing component for modeling the co-evolution of urban settlement- and road systems as it can directly be coupled to existing urban settlement simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Networks & Spatial Economics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URBAN growth
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics)
KW  - ROADS -- Costs
KW  - ROADS -- Economic aspects
KW  - CITIES & towns
KW  - COEVOLUTION
KW  - corridor location
KW  - network growth algorithm
KW  - transportation network evolution
KW  - urban dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 86037053; Yamins, Daniel 1; Email Address: yamins@fas.harvard.edu; Rasmussen, Steen 2; Email Address: steen@lanl.gov; Fogel, David 3; Email Address: dfogel@geog.ucsb.edu; Affiliations: 1: Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge 02138 USA; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences (EES-6) and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences (EES-6) and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road Santa Fe 87501 USA; 3: Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara 93106 USA; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p69; Thesaurus Term: URBAN growth; Thesaurus Term: TRANSPORTATION; Thesaurus Term: INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics); Thesaurus Term: ROADS -- Costs; Subject Term: ROADS -- Economic aspects; Subject Term: CITIES & towns; Subject Term: COEVOLUTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: corridor location; Author-Supplied Keyword: network growth algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: transportation network evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: urban dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237210 Land Subdivision; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237310 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1022001117715
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=86037053&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison of numerical and analytical solutions for fly casting dynamics.
AU  - Gatti-Bono, Caroline
AU  - Perkins, N.C.
JO  - Sports Engineering (International Sports Engineering Association)
JF  - Sports Engineering (International Sports Engineering Association)
Y1  - 2003///
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
SP  - 165
EP  - 175
CY  - ; 
SN  - 13697072
N1  - Accession Number: SPHS-1023413; Author: Gatti-Bono, Caroline: 1 Author: Perkins, N.C.: 2 ; Author Affiliation: 1 Applied Numerical Algorithms, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA: 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; No. of Pages: 11; Language: English; Parent Item: SPHP62570; References: 7; Database Subset: A; Publication Type: Article; Material Type: PRINT; Update Code: 20070201; SIRC Article No.: S-1023413
N2  - This paper presents an approximate analytical model of the dynamics of a tapered fly line during a standard overhead cast. During casting, the line forms a nonlinear propagating wave that is frequently referred to as a 'loop' by fly casters. The geometry of the loop is described by three distinct parts: a straight bottom segment (attached to a stationary fly rod), a semi-circular segment that is propagating (i.e. the loop), and a straight top segment that is also propagating, (i.e. the traveling line). A fly (particle) is attached at the end of the traveling line. A work-energy balance yields the velocity of the fly as a function of the length of the traveling line. For a uniform fly line (level line), a closed-form solution is found, while for a tapered fly line, the solution is obtained by quadrature. A critical loop diameter arises in the analysis, and it deter- mines whether the final velocity of the fly is greater or lesser than the initial velocity of the traveling line. The analytical solutions are critically compared against numerical solutions of a general model for fly line dynamics that relaxes many of the assumptions employed in the analytical model. The agreement between the two solutions remains close during the loop propagation phase, provided a significant amount of fly line remains in the traveling line. However, as the traveling line vanishes and the loop `turns over', the two solutions diverge abruptly due to the many simplifying assumptions employed in the analytical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
KW  - *BIOMECHANICS
KW  - *FLY casting
KW  - *SPEED
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - OVERHEAD
L2  - http://articles.sirc.ca/search.cfm?id=S-1023413
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UR  - http://articles.sirc.ca/search.cfm?id=S-1023413
UR  - http://www.sports-engineering.co.uk
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenzel, Tom
AU  - Ross, Marc
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
AD  - U MI
T1  - Comment on 'Statistical Modelling of Vehicle Emissions from Inspection/Maintenance Testing Data: An Explanatory Analysis.'
JO  - Transportation Research: Part D: Transport and Environment
JF  - Transportation Research: Part D: Transport and Environment
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
SP  - 69
EP  - 71
SN  - 13619209
N1  - Accession Number: 0636328; Keywords: Emissions;  Vehicles; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200303
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0636328&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Golovlev, Valerie V.1
AU  - Gresalfi, Michael J.1
AU  - Miller, John C.1, john.miller@science.doce.gov
AU  - Anglos, Demetrios2
AU  - Melesanaki, K.2
AU  - Zafiropulos, Vassilis2
AU  - Romer, Grant3
AU  - Messier, Paul4
T1  - Laser characterization and cleaning of 19th century daguerreotypes II.
JO  - Journal of Cultural Heritage
JF  - Journal of Cultural Heritage
J1  - Journal of Cultural Heritage
PY  - 2003/01/02/Jan2003 Supplement 1
Y1  - 2003/01/02/Jan2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 134
SN  - 12962074
AB  - Recently, we have made tremendous progress in the spectroscopic analysis and laser restoration of tarnished daguerreotypes. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been applied for the first time to both modern and 150-year-old daguerreotypes. In addition to surface and depth profiling, the analysis of colors on “tinted” samples allowed identification of the pigment. These results complement the previous analysis by laser ionization mass spectrometry of the surface composition of clean and tarnished examples of the old photographs. Laser ablation cleaning of the submicrometer tarnish layers has now been clearly demonstrated on numerous daguerreotypes with various extents and types of tarnish. The use of computer controlled XY translation and stable laser beam quality have allowed decisive proof-of-principle examples of laser restoration. The best parameters of laser wavelength, power and pulse duration have been determined. Using digital files of daguerreotype images, straightforward models have been developed that allow for the digital mapping of the surface tarnish. In principle, such maps could guide the computer control of the laser cleaning process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
KW  - Daguerreotype
KW  - Lasers -- Industrial applications
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Daguerreotypes
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Laser cleaning
KW  - LIBS
N1  - Accession Number: 9481854; Authors: Golovlev, Valerie V. 1; Gresalfi, Michael J. 1; Miller, John C. 1 Email Address: john.miller@science.doce.gov; Anglos, Demetrios 2; Melesanaki, K. 2; Zafiropulos, Vassilis 2; Romer, Grant 3; Messier, Paul 4; Affiliations:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6125, USA;  2: Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;  3: International Museum of Photography and Film, George Eastman House, 900 East Avenue, Rochester, NY 14607-2298, USA;  4: Boston Art Conservation, 60 Oak Square Avenue, Boston, MA 02135, USA; Subject: Lasers -- Industrial applications; Subject: Spectrum analysis; Subject: Daguerreotype; Author-Supplied Keyword: Daguerreotypes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser cleaning; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIBS; Number of Pages: 6p; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chu, Shaoping
AU  - Elliott, Scott
AU  - Maltrud, Mathew E.
T1  - Global eddy permitting simulations of surface ocean nitrogen, iron, sulfur cycling
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/01/08/
VL  - 50
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 00456535
AB  - The geocycles of N, Fe and S in the ocean are tightly coupled and together exert strong influence on biogeochemistry of the earth system. We investigate this interaction by inserting macro–micronutrient cycling into a high resolution ocean model that realistically represents the general circulation. Simulated chlorophyll distributions reproduce many features of satellite-based measurements of ocean color. Meridional sections through model results and seasonally averaged SeaWiFS data agree reasonably well, both in the oligotrophic gyres and along fronts. Discrepancies are associated in many cases with shelf, ridge or island effects. Dimethyl sulfide peaks and their chlorophyll correlations are similar to those obtained on major oceanographic expeditions. Lack of strong regional relationships between the sulfide and phytoplankton may be partly explained by correspondence between time constants for production and for the traversal of mesoscale transport features. In general the eddies and filaments of tropical instability waves are well represented, including the onset of the 1997–1998 El Nin˜o. North–south shifts of the transition zone chlorophyll front appear prominently in the results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Iron
KW  - Sulfur
KW  - Chemical oceanography
KW  - Eddies
KW  - Eddy resolution
KW  - Elemental cycles
KW  - Global marine biogeochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 8791332; Chu, Shaoping 1; Email Address: spchu@lanl.gov; Elliott, Scott 1; Maltrud, Mathew E. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences Group, MS D401, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; 2 : Theoretical Division, Fluid Dynamics Group, MS B216, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA;  Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 50 Issue 2, p223; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur; Thesaurus Term: Chemical oceanography; Subject Term: Eddies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elemental cycles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global marine biogeochemistry; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shimaoka, Motomu
AU  - Xiao, Tsan
AU  - Liu, Jin-Huan
AU  - Yang, Yuting
AU  - Dong, Yicheng
AU  - Jun, Chang-Duk
AU  - McCormack, Alison
AU  - Zhang, Rongguang
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Takagi, Junichi
AU  - Wang, Jia-Huai
AU  - Springer, Timothy A.
T1  - Structures of the αL I Domain and Its Complex with ICAM-1 Reveal a Shape-Shifting Pathway for Integrin Regulation
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2003/01/10/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 00928674
AB  - The structure of the I domain of integrin αLβ2 bound to the Ig superfamily ligand ICAM-1 reveals the open ligand binding conformation and the first example of an integrin-IgSF interface. The I domain Mg2+ directly coordinates Glu-34 of ICAM-1, and a dramatic swing of I domain residue Glu-241 enables a critical salt bridge. Liganded and unliganded structures for both high- and intermediate-affinity mutant I domains reveal that ligand binding can induce conformational change in the αL I domain and that allosteric signals can convert the closed conformation to intermediate or open conformations without ligand binding. Pulling down on the C-terminal α7 helix with introduced disulfide bonds ratchets the β6-α7 loop into three different positions in the closed, intermediate, and open conformations, with a progressive increase in affinity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRINS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 8927210; Shimaoka, Motomu 1; Xiao, Tsan 1; Liu, Jin-Huan 2; Yang, Yuting 2; Dong, Yicheng 2; Jun, Chang-Duk 1; McCormack, Alison 1; Zhang, Rongguang 3; Joachimiak, Andrzej 3; Takagi, Junichi 1; Wang, Jia-Huai 2; Springer, Timothy A. 1; Email Address: springer@cbr.med.harvard.edu; Source Information: 1/10/2003, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p99; Subject: INTEGRINS; Subject: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Jie
AU  - LeBoeuf, Eugene J.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Gu, Baohua
T1  - Fluorescence spectroscopic studies of natural organic matter fractions
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 639
SN  - 00456535
AB  - Because of the well-known molecular complexity and heterogeneity of natural organic matter (NOM), an aquatic bulk NOM was fractionated into well-defined polyphenolic-rich and carbohydrate-rich subfractions. These fractions were systematically characterized by fluorescence emission, three dimensional excitation-emission matrices, and synchronous-scan excitation spectroscopy in comparison with those of the reference International Humic Substances Society soil humic acid and Suwannee River fulvic acid. Results indicate that fluorescence spectroscopy can be useful to qualitatively differentiate not only NOM compounds from varying origins but also NOM subcomponents with varying compositions and functional properties. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited a much more intense fluorescence and a red shift of peak position in comparison with the carbohydrate-rich NOM-CH fraction. Results also indicate that synchronous excitation spectra were able to provide improved peak resolution and structural signatures such as peak positioning, shift, and intensity among various NOM components as compared with those of the emission and excitation spectra. In particular, the synchronous spectral peak intensity and its red shift in the region of about 450–480 nm may be used to indicate the presence or absence of high molecular weight and polycondensed humic organic components, or the multicomponent nature of NOM or NOM subcomponents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Matter
KW  - Fluorescence spectroscopy
KW  - Emission
KW  - Excitation
KW  - Humic substances
KW  - Natural organic matter
KW  - Synchronous
N1  - Accession Number: 8575072; Chen, Jie 1; LeBoeuf, Eugene J. 2; Dai, Sheng 3; Gu, Baohua 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; 2 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Box 1831, Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; 3 : Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, ORNL, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6201, USA;  Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p639; Subject Term: Matter; Subject Term: Fluorescence spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humic substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchronous; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Johansson, Jesper M.
AU  - Schultz, E. Eugene
T1  - Dealing with contextual vulnerabilities in code: distinguishing between solutions and pseudosolutions
JO  - Computers & Security
JF  - Computers & Security
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 152
SN  - 01674048
AB  - Vulnerabilities in objects in various operating systems or add-ons continue to surface at a rapid rate, posing a unique security problem, one with which vendors appear to be struggling. Patching a vulnerability discovered in a default system binary, such as the highly publicized sendmail debug vulnerability (this vulnerability has been discussed extensively in the literature and was even exploited in the infamous Internet Worm ), is relatively easy. The vendor often simply issues a new version of the binary to replace the vulnerable one. The interface for all applications that invoke this binary remains the same. However, with componentized code, such as in modern object-oriented systems, things do not work quite as smoothly. For example, how should vulnerabilities be patched if an object is vulnerable to attack only if it is used in a certain context, or if only one function out of many is vulnerable? Patching the vulnerability is simple if a function can be replaced. If the vulnerability is contextual and the function has legitimate uses in other areas, however, replacing the function altogether may be inappropriate. What kinds of alternative remedies are appropriate? This paper presents several different approaches to dealing with this difficult problem, and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of each. Of all the solutions considered, removing code altogether and adding warnings at run time are the least viable. Allowing code to run only if the execution context is correct, permitting only certain callers to execute code, barring certain callers from executing code, and using access control lists to govern access to objects and methods are more reasonable approaches, although each also has limitations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Security is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
KW  - COMPUTER security
N1  - Accession Number: 9288742; Johansson, Jesper M. 1; Email Address: Jesperjo@microsoft.com; Schultz, E. Eugene 2; Email Address: eeschultz@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Microsoft Corporation, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA 98052, USA; 2: University of California-Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p152; Thesaurus Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-4048(03)00213-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Gatley, SJ;
AU  - Volkow, ND;
AU  - Fowler, JS;
AU  - Ding, YS;
AU  - Gifford, AN;
AU  - et al;
T1  - Positron emission tomography and its use to image the occupancy of drug binding sites
CT  - Positron emission tomography and its use to image the occupancy of drug binding sites
JO  - Drug Development Research (USA)
JF  - Drug Development Research (USA)
Y1  - 2003/02/01/
VL  - 59
IS  - Feb
SP  - 194
EP  - 207
SN  - 02724391
AD  - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, 30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973, USA gatley@bnl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 40-17144; Language: English; References: 108; Journal Coden: DDREDK; Section Heading: Drug Analysis; Pharmaceutical Chemistry
N2  - Some of the general issues involved in positron emission tomography (PET) studies of drug occupancy are discussed. There have been many such studies involving antipsychotic drugs and dopamine D2 receptor radioligands. Since neuroleptics have been extensively reviewed elsewhere, only the major findings are discussed here. Other binding sites (and drug classes) in the dopamine system to which this methodology has been applied include: the dopamine transporter (stimulant drugs) and monoamine oxidase A and B (antidepressant drugs). Occupancy studies are also possible for many drug targets beyond the dopamine system.
KW  - Analysis--tomography;
KW  - Binding--drugs;
KW  - Tomography--binding;
KW  - Mechanism of action--drugs;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Ding, YS;
AU  - Fowler, JS;
T1  - Highlights of PET studies on chiral radiotracers and drugs at Brookhaven
CT  - Highlights of PET studies on chiral radiotracers and drugs at Brookhaven
JO  - Drug Development Research (USA)
JF  - Drug Development Research (USA)
Y1  - 2003/02/01/
VL  - 59
IS  - Feb
SP  - 227
EP  - 239
SN  - 02724391
AD  - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973, USA ding@bnl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 40-17146; Language: English; References: 81; Journal Coden: DDREDK; Section Heading: Drug Analysis
N2  - Several PET studies of chiral molecules were reviewed; in many cases the enantionners behave differently, reflecting factors such as differential specificity for enzymes and transporters and binding to plasma proteins, as well as selective binding to receptors. These studies demonstrate that PET imaging is a suitable method to investigate the behavior of a chiral drug in the human body and is a powerful tool in drug development.
KW  - Enantiomers--analysis;
KW  - Drugs, body distribution--analysis;
KW  - Tomography--drugs;
KW  - Technology--tomography;
KW  - Analysis--enantiomers;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Gerasimov, MR;
AU  - Dewey, SL;
T1  - Development of a GABAergic treatment for substance abuse using PET
CT  - Development of a GABAergic treatment for substance abuse using PET
JO  - Drug Development Research (USA)
JF  - Drug Development Research (USA)
Y1  - 2003/02/01/
VL  - 59
IS  - Feb
SP  - 240
EP  - 248
SN  - 02724391
AD  - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973, USA madina@bnl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 40-17147; Language: English; Chemical Name: Vigabatrin--60643-86-9; References: 73; Journal Coden: DDREDK; Section Heading: Drug Analysis
N2  - The use of positron emission tomography (PET) in the devlopment of an effective treatment for substance abuse is discussed; it enables the direct assessment of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic events in vivo. The administration of gamma-vinyl gamma aminobutyric acid (GVG, vigabatrin), acting through potentiation of GABAergic tone, leads to decreases in brain extracellular clopamine concentrations as measured with PET and in vivo microdialysis was demonsrated. This knowledge, combined with the notion that addictive drugs share the ability to stimulate cloparninergic neurotransmission, suggests a novel GABAergic strategy for the treatment of substance abuse. Over the past several years PET and in vivo microdialysis, combined with an array of behavioral tests, have demonstrated the potential utility of this approach. Taken together, these data support the use of vigabatrin for the treatment of multiple drug addictions.
KW  - Vigabatrin--abuse-;
KW  - Drug abuse--vigabatrin;
KW  - Tomography--drug abuse;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vine, Edward
AU  - Kats, Gregory
AU  - Sathaye, Jayant
AU  - Joshi, Hemant
T1  - International greenhouse gas trading programs: a discussion of measurement and accounting issues
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 03014215
AB  - There is general scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and that this results from human activities, primarily burning fossil fuels. There is also a growing international consensus that the most cost-effective way to slow global warming is to establish international climate change trading programs that let institutions sell greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions in an international trading program. A well designed international GHG trading program could save billions or tens of billions of dollars and could result in a more rapid transfer of cleaner, more modern energy generating, transmitting and using technologies to developing nations. Establishing an international GHG trading program will require the development of international consensus rules on how to value and credit investments, for example in energy efficiency, that result in reduced emissions of greenhouse gases. Such a program would require the development of an international technical agreement on how to value emissions reductions attributed to energy-efficiency investments that reflect realistic estimates of future energy savings—and emissions reductions—that come from those investments. This paper examines five possible approaches for valuing energy savings which might serve as the basis for an international agreement, discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, and discusses lessons learned from conducting this evaluation process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Discounting
KW  - Energy efficiency measurement and verification
KW  - Greenhouse gas trading
KW  - IPMVP
N1  - Accession Number: 8548101; Vine, Edward 1; Email Address: elvine@lbl.gov; Kats, Gregory 2; Sathaye, Jayant 3; Joshi, Hemant 4; Affiliations: 1 : Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technical Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Building 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-2000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 2 : Capital E, Washington, DC, USA; 3 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; 4 : Credit Rating Information Services of India, Ltd., India;  Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p211; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discounting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency measurement and verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse gas trading; Author-Supplied Keyword: IPMVP; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, Evan
T1  - Risk transfer via energy-savings insurance
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Among the key barriers to investment in energy efficiency are uncertainties about attaining projected energy savings and potential disputes over stipulated savings. The fields of energy management and risk management are thus intertwined. While many technical methods have emerged to manage performance risks (e.g. building diagnostics and commissioning), financial methods are less developed in the energy management arena than in other segments of the economy. Energy-savings insurance (ESI)—formal insurance of predicted energy savings—transfers and spreads both types of risk over a larger pool of energy efficiency projects and reduces barriers to market entry of smaller energy service firms who lack sufficiently strong balance sheets to self-insure the savings. ESI encourages those implementing energy-saving projects to go beyond standard measures and thereby achieve more significant levels of energy savings. Insurance providers are proponents of improved savings measurement and verification techniques, as well as maintenance, thereby contributing to national energy-saving objectives. If properly applied, ESI can potentially reduce the net cost of energy-saving projects by reducing the interest rates charged by lenders, and by increasing the level of savings through quality control. Governmental agencies have been pioneers in the use of ESI and could continue to play a role. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Insurance
KW  - Risk management
N1  - Accession Number: 8548105; Mills, Evan 1; Email Address: emills@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p273; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Subject Term: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insurance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk management; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cushman, Robert M.
T1  - Additivity of State Inventories of Greenhouse-Gas Emissions.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 0292
EP  - 0300
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - In addition to national inventories of emissions of greenhouse gases, there are inventories for most, but not all, states constituting the United States. This paper analyzes the state inventories to see if reported emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are additive. Considerable reanalysis of the state inventories is required before they can be added to yield a larger-scale inventory. Some specific sources were considered by some states but not by others. Estimation techniques evolved over time as inventories were produced, and there are instances of both double-counting (two states reporting the same emission) and omission (neither state reporting the same emission), where interstate transfers of energy or materials occurred. Nevertheless, the inventories, when adjusted for obvious double-counting or omissions, are probably approximately additive, although it is difficult to quantify the extent to which this is true. Email: cushmanrm@ornl.gov --> [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Methane
KW  - United States
KW  - Carbon dioxide; Emission inventories; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 15311388; Cushman, Robert M. 1; Email Address: cushmanrm@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA;  Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p0292; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Nitrous oxide; Thesaurus Term: Methane; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Emission inventories; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 007/s00267-002-2701 -z
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=15311388&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Ribeiro, RM;
AU  - Layden-Almer, J;
AU  - Powers, KA;
AU  - Layden, TJ;
AU  - Perelson, AS;
T1  - Dynamics of alanine aminotransferase during hepatitis C virus treatment
CT  - Dynamics of alanine aminotransferase during hepatitis C virus treatment
JO  - Hepatology
JF  - Hepatology
Y1  - 2003/02/01/
VL  - 38
IS  - Feb
SP  - 509
EP  - 517
SN  - 02709139
AD  - Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA asp@lanl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 40-20752; Language: English; Trade Name: Interferon alpha-2b; Generic Name: Interferon alfa-2b; Chemical Name: Interferon alfa-2b--99210-65-8 Ribavirin--36791-04-5; Therapeutic Class: (8:18); AHFS Class: Antivirals Ribavirin; References: 37; Human Indicator: Yes; Section Heading: Pharmacology; Drug EvaluationsToxicity
N2  - Studies of the kinetics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) decline during interferon (IFN)-based therapy have led to insights into treatment efficacy. However, the kinetics of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), an enzyme used as a surrogate of liver damage, have not been closely monitored, and it is not known if they correlate with those of HCV RNA. Here we describe the associations between ALT and HCV dynamics. We analyzed 35 patients treated daily with 10 mIU IFN-alpha2b with or without ribavarin for 28 days followed by standard IFN/ribavirin therapy. Patients exhibited 4 patterns of ALT change: (1) exponential decay of ALT, (2) transient increase in ALT followed by a decrease to pretreatment or normal levels, (3) increase in ALT to a new level, and (4) no significant change. By simultaneously modeling HCV and ALT dynamics, we successfully fit the observed changes. We found ALT decays with t<INF>1/2</INF> = 12.7 hours. The transient increase in ALT observed in some patients suggested a mild hepatotoxic effect of IFN. However, patients with a smaller initial ALT increase achieved higher rates of viral negativity by week 72 (P = .02). The week-4 ALT decline correlated with the HCV log drop (P = .006) and the efficacy of therapy (P = .025). In conclusion, our results suggest the use of ALT as a surrogate marker for treatment effect in patients with elevated ALT.
KW  - Interferon alfa-2b--hepatitis C-;
KW  - Ribavirin--hepatitis C-;
KW  - Antivirals--ribavirin;
KW  - Combined therapy--interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin;
KW  - Combined therapy--ribavirin and interferon alfa-2b;
KW  - Hepatitis C--interferon alfa-2b;
KW  - Hepatitis C--ribavirin;
KW  - Immunomodulating agents--interferon alfa-2b;
KW  - Toxicity--interferon alfa-2b;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albright, Brian J.
AU  - Winske, Dan
AU  - Lemons, Don S.
AU  - Daughton, William
AU  - Jones, Michael E.
T1  - Quiet Direct Simulation of Coulomb Collisions.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/02//Feb2003 Part 1
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 24
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Quiet direct simulation Monte Carlo (QDSMC) is a new particle simulation technique that is applicable to a broad range of applications where the underlying system dynamics obey Fokker Planck equations. These include hydrodynamics, radiation transport, magnetohydrodynamics, diffusion, and collisional kinetic plasmas. At the beginning of each time step in QDSMC, the weights and abscissas of Gaussian-Hermite quadrature are used to deterministically create particles to sample the random process. At the end of the time step, particles are gathered to the computational mesh to obtain updated distributions of conserved quantities on the mesh and then the particles are destroyed. The creation and destruction of particles allows arbitrary dynamical range to be accessed quiescently with only a small number of particles per computational cell. The application of QDSMC to the simulation of Coulomb collisions is considered in this report, and the method is demonstrated on problems involving the collisional relaxation of non-Maxwellian distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - COULOMB functions
KW  - FOKKER-Planck equation
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
KW  - Coulomb collisions
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation.
N1  - Accession Number: 23320922; Albright, Brian J. 1; Email Address: balbright@lanl.gov; Winske, Dan 1; Lemons, Don S. 1; Daughton, William 1; Jones, Michael E.; Affiliations: 1: Plasma Physics Group, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Feb2003 Part 1, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p19; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; Subject Term: FOKKER-Planck equation; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulomb collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.808886
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mueller, D.
AU  - Ono, M.
AU  - Bell, M. G.
AU  - Bell, R. E.
AU  - Bitter, M.
AU  - Bourdelle, C.
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
AU  - Efthimion, P. C.
AU  - Fredrickson, E. D.
AU  - Gates, D. A.
AU  - Goldston, R. J.
AU  - Grisham, L. R.
AU  - Hawryluk, R. J.
AU  - Hill, K. W.
AU  - Hosea, J. C.
AU  - Jardin, S. C.
AU  - Ji, H.
AU  - Kaye, S. M.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Kugel, H. W.
T1  - Results of NSTX Heating Experiments.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/02//Feb2003 Part 1
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 67
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, is designed to assess the potential of the low-aspect-ratio spherical torus concept for magnetic plasma confinement. The plasma has been heated by up to 7 MW of neutral beam injection (NBI) at an injection energy of 100 keV and up to 6 MW of high harmonic fast wave (HHFW) at 30 MHz. NSTX has achieved βT of 32%. A variety of MHD phenomena have been observed to limit β. NSTX has now begun addressing TE scaling, β limits, and current drive issues. During the NBI heating experiments, a broad Ti profile with Ti up to 2 keV, Ti > Te and a large toroidal rotation were observed. Transport analysis suggests that the impurity ions have diffusivities approaching neoclassical. For L-Mode plasmas, TE is up to two times the ITER97L L-Mode scaling and exceeds the ITER98pby2 H-Mode scaling in some cases. Transitions to H-Mode have been observed which result in an approximate doubling of TE after the transition in some conditions. During HHFW heating, Te > Ti and Te up to 3.5 keV were observed. Current drive has been studied using both coaxial helicity injection with up to 390 kA of toroidal current and HHFW. HHFW has produced H-modes with significant bootstrap current fraction at low Ip, high q, and high βp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - Fusion reactors
KW  - plasma confinement
KW  - tokamaks.
N1  - Accession Number: 23320927; Mueller, D. 1; Email Address: dmueller@pppl.gov; Ono, M. 1; Bell, M. G. 1; Bell, R. E. 1; Bitter, M. 1; Bourdelle, C. 2; Darrow, D. S. 1; Efthimion, P. C. 1; Fredrickson, E. D. 1; Gates, D. A. 1; Goldston, R. J. 1; Grisham, L. R. 1; Hawryluk, R. J. 1; Hill, K. W. 1; Hosea, J. C. 1; Jardin, S. C. 1; Ji, H. 1; Kaye, S. M. 1; Kaita, R. 1; Kugel, H. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.; 2: CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, Cedex, France.; Issue Info: Feb2003 Part 1, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p60; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma confinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: tokamaks.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.808890
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Gorse Jr., Robert A.
AU  - Bailey, Brent K.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Twelfth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Summarizes the presentations from researchers who are engaged in improving understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to air quality, at 12th workshop of Coordinating Research Council in April 2002, with nearly 90 presentations on the most recent on-road vehicle emissions research. Discussion on mobile source emission models and emission inventories; Evaluation of in-use emissions control programs; Effects of fuels on emissions.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Pollution control industry
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Conferences & conventions
N1  - Accession Number: 12528314; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Gorse Jr., Robert A. 2; Bailey, Brent K. 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Affiliations: 1 : General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 2 : Ford Motor Company, Allen Park, Michigan; 3 : Coordinating Research Council, Alpharetta, Georgia; 4 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Pollution control industry; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Thanos, Panayotis K.
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
T1  - Positron Emission Tomographic Evidence of Similarity Between Obesity and Drug Addiction.
JO  - Psychiatric Annals
JF  - Psychiatric Annals
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
EP  - 111
PB  - SLACK Incorporated
SN  - 00485713
AB  - The article discusses the similarity between obesity and drug addiction through positron emission tomography (PET). Obesity can be defined as a complex disease of appetite regulation and energy metabolism. It is controlled by genetics, psychology, diet and other factors. Genetically, dopamine plays a role in this feeding behavior. PET studies show that obese individuals have significantly lower dopamine D2 receptor levels, similar to findings in PET studies in addicts of substance of abuse.
KW  - OBESITY
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - ENERGY metabolism
KW  - APPETITE
KW  - ADDICTIONS
KW  - SUBSTANCE abuse
N1  - Accession Number: 21120660; Wang, Gene-Jack 1; Volkow, Nora D. 1; Thanos, Panayotis K. 1; Fowler, Joanna S. 1; Source Information: Feb2003, Vol. 33 Issue 2, p104; Subject: OBESITY; Subject: DOPAMINE; Subject: EMISSION tomography; Subject: ENERGY metabolism; Subject: APPETITE; Subject: ADDICTIONS; Subject: SUBSTANCE abuse; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loosmore, Gwen A.
T1  - Evaluation and development of models for resuspension of aerosols at short times after deposition
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/02/11/
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 639
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Resuspension is known to transport hazardous particles in the natural environment, moving a fraction of deposited material back into the atmosphere. This process is notoriously difficult to model, given the complexity of the turbulent boundary layer and chemistry of the three-phase interface (air, liquid, solid) typically found at the land surface. Wind tunnel studies have demonstrated the importance of resuspension within a short time after deposition, but there exists no robust model for short-term resuspension. Numerical simulations of accidental or terrorist releases of hazardous materials need such a model to accurately predict fate and transport of the materials within hours to days after release. Many accepted conventional models were derived from resuspension data for aged sources, such as former weapons test sites; these data sets, and the associated models, may not be appropriate for short-time resuspension. The study described here reexamined historical wind tunnel data on short-term resuspension, with the goal of developing a model appropriate for numerical simulations. Empirical models are derived from these data using a suite of parameters (friction velocity, particle diameter, surface roughness, particle density, and time). These empirical models, and the wind tunnel data, are compared quantitatively with existing conventional models from the literature. The conventional models underpredict short-time resuspension, resulting in order-of-magnitude errors in predictions of resuspended mass. Only three models perform reasonably well: the empirical models derived from the data and an adaptation of the NCRP 129 model. More data are needed to validate the empirical models and build the physical understanding of the processes involved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Sedimentation & deposition
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Deposition
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Particle
KW  - Resuspension
N1  - Accession Number: 9899675; Loosmore, Gwen A. 1; Email Address: loosmore1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Atmospheric Sciences Division, P.O. Box 808, L-103, Livermore, CA 94551, USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p639; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Thesaurus Term: Sedimentation & deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resuspension; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edward A. Parson
AU  - Robert W. Corell
AU  - Eric J. Barron
AU  - Virg
T1  - Understanding Climatic Impacts, Vulnerabilities, and Adaptation in the United States: Building a Capacity for Assessment.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 42
SN  - 01650009
AB  - Based on the experience of the U.S. National Assessment, we propose a program of research and analysis to advance capability for assessment of climate impacts, vulnerabilities, and adaptation options. We identify specific priorities for scientific research on the responses of ecological and socioeconomic systems to climate and other stresses; for improvement in the climatic inputs to impact assessments; and for further development of assessment methods to improve their practical utility to decision-makers. Finally, we propose a new institutional model for assessment, based principally on regional efforts that integrate observations, research, data, applications, and assessment on climate and linked environmental-change issues. The proposed program will require effective collaboration between scientists, resource managers, and other stakeholders, all of whose expertise is needed to define and prioritize key regional issues, characterize relevant uncertainties, and assess potential responses. While both scientifically and organizationally challenging, such an integrated program holds the best promise of advancing our capacity to manage resources and the economy adaptively under a changing climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 20216502; Edward A. Parson 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12; Robert W. Corell 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12; Eric J. Barron 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12; Virg 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12; Affiliations: 1 : John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 79 JFK St, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. E-mail: ted_parson@harvard.edu , U.S.A.; 2 : American Meteorological Society, U.S.A.; 3 : Pennsylvania State University, U.S.A.; 4 : U.S.GS National Wetlands Research Center, U.S.A.; 5 : World Resources Institute, U.S.A.; 6 : U.S.DA Forest Service, U.S.A.; 7 : NOAA National Climatic Data Center, U.S.A.; 8 : U.S. Global Change Research Program and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, U.S.A.; 9 : Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, U.S.A.; 10 : Carnegie-Mellon University, U.S.A.; 11 : Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry and National Center for Atmospheric Research, U.S.A.; 12 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 57 Issue 1/2, p9; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. Reilly
AU  - F. Tubiello
T1  - U.S. Agriculture and Climate Change: New Results.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 67
SN  - 01650009
AB  - We examined the impacts on U.S. agriculture of transient climate change as simulated by 2 global general circulation models focusing on the decades of the 2030s and 2090s. We examined historical shifts in the location of crops and trends in the variability of U.S. average crop yields, finding that non-climatic forces have likely dominated the north and westward movement of crops and the trends in yield variability. For the simulated future climates we considered impacts on crops, grazing and pasture, livestock, pesticide use, irrigation water supply and demand, and the sensitivity to international trade assumptions, finding that the aggregate of these effects were positive for the U.S. consumer but negative, due to declining crop prices, for producers. We examined the effects of potential changes in El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and impacts on yield variability of changes in mean climate conditions. Increased losses occurred with ENSO intensity and frequency increases that could not be completely offset even if the events could be perfectly forecasted. Effects on yield variability of changes in mean temperatures were mixed. We also considered case study interactions of climate, agriculture, and the environment focusing on climate effects on nutrient loading to the Chesapeake Bay and groundwater depletion of the Edward's Aquifer that provides water for municipalities and agriculture to the San Antonio, Texas area. While only case studies, these results suggest environmental targets such as pumping limits and changes in farm practices to limit nutrient run-off would need to be tightened if current environmental goals were to be achieved under the climate scenarios we examined [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Agricultural productivity
KW  - Crop yields
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 20216510; J. Reilly 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13; F. Tubiello 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13; Affiliations: 1 : Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., E40-269, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. E-mail: jreilly@mit.edu; 2 : Goddard Institute of Space Studies; 3 : Texas A&M University; 4 : Pennsylvania State University; 5 : U.S. Department of Agriculture; 6 : International Potato Center, Indonesia; 7 : Illinois State Water Survey; 8 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 9 : University of Florida, Gainesville; 10 : National Center for Atmospheric Research; 11 : Colorado State University; 12 : Michigan State University; 13 : Cornell University;  Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 57 Issue 1/2, p43; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural productivity; Thesaurus Term: Crop yields; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jun, Sang-Gyung
AU  - Marathe, Achla
AU  - Shawky, Hany A.
T1  - Liquidity and stock returns in emerging equity markets
JO  - Emerging Markets Review
JF  - Emerging Markets Review
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 15660141
AB  - Using data for 27 emerging equity markets for the period January 1992 through December 1999, we document the behavior of liquidity in emerging markets. We find that stock returns in emerging countries are positively correlated with aggregate market liquidity as measured by turnover ratio, trading value and the turnover–volatility multiple. The results hold in both cross-sectional and time-series analyses, and are quite robust even after we control for world market beta, market capitalization and price-to-book ratio. The positive correlation between stock returns and market liquidity in a time-series analysis is consistent with the findings in developed markets. However, the positive correlation in a cross-sectional analysis appears to be at odds with market microstructure theory that has been empirically supported by studies on developed markets. Our findings regarding the cross-sectional relation between stock returns and liquidity is consistent with the view that emerging equity markets have a lower degree of integration with the global economy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Emerging Markets Review is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUIDITY (Economics)
KW  - STOCK exchanges
KW  - MARKETS
KW  - PRICE-book ratio
KW  - Emerging markets
KW  - Market liquidity
KW  - Stock market returns
KW  - Turnover ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 9188446; Jun, Sang-Gyung 1; Email Address: sjun@hanyang.ac.kr; Marathe, Achla 2; Email Address: achla@lanl.gov; Shawky, Hany A. 3; Email Address: h.shawky@albany.edu; Affiliations: 1: School of Business, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: School of Business, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: LIQUIDITY (Economics); Thesaurus Term: STOCK exchanges; Thesaurus Term: MARKETS; Thesaurus Term: PRICE-book ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emerging markets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Market liquidity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stock market returns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turnover ratio; NAICS/Industry Codes: 522320 Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 522321 Central credit unions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523210 Securities and Commodity Exchanges; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1566-0141(02)00060-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106686998
T1  - Brain dopamine is associated with eating behaviors in humans.
AU  - Volkow ND
AU  - Wang G
AU  - Maynard L
AU  - Jayne M
AU  - Fowler JS
AU  - Zhu W
AU  - Logan J
AU  - Gatley SJ
AU  - Ding Y
AU  - Wong C
AU  - Pappas N
Y1  - 2003/03//
N1  - Accession Number: 106686998. Language: English. Entry Date: 20040102. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; pictorial; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Instrumentation: Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) (Van Strien et al). Grant Information: Supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) (OBER) under Contract DE-ACO2-76CH00016 and by the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) Grants DA09490-01 and DA06278. NLM UID: 8111226. 
KW  - Eating Behavior
KW  - Dopamine
KW  - Eating Behavior -- Evaluation
KW  - Psychological Tests
KW  - Tomography, Emission-Computed
KW  - Sensory Stimulation
KW  - Food
KW  - Control (Psychology)
KW  - Emotions
KW  - Neurobiology
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Body Mass Index -- Evaluation
KW  - Adult
KW  - Descriptive Statistics
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Heart Rate -- Evaluation
KW  - Blood Pressure Determination
KW  - Brain Mapping
KW  - Paired T-Tests
KW  - Pearson's Correlation Coefficient
KW  - Two-Tailed Test
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 136
EP  - 142
JO  - International Journal of Eating Disorders
JF  - International Journal of Eating Disorders
JA  - INT J EAT DISORD
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
CY  - Hoboken, New Jersey
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Eating behavior in humans is influenced by variables other than just hunger-satiety including cognitive restraint, emotional distress, and sensitivity to food stimuli. We investigate the role of dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter involved with food motivation, in these variables. METHODS: We used the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) to measure Restraint, Emotionality, and Externality in 10 subjects. We correlated DEBQ scores with brain DA levels. Positron emission tomography and [(11)C]raclopride uptake were used to measure baseline D(2) receptors (neutral stimulation) and to assess changes in extracellular DA to food stimulation (display of food). RESULTS: Restraint was correlated with DA changes with food stimulation (higher restraint, greater responsivity), emotionality was negatively correlated with baseline D(2) receptors (higher emotionality, lower D(2) receptors), whereas externality was not. These correlations were significant in the dorsal but not in the ventral striatum. DISCUSSION: These results provide evidence that DA in the dorsal striatum is involved with the restraint and emotionality components regulating eating behavior and that these two dimensions reflect different neurobiologic processes.
SN  - 0276-3478
AD  - Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; volkow@bnl.gov
U2  - PMID: 12616579.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kline, David M.
T1  - Technology Transfer for Renewable Energy: Overcoming Barriers in Developing Countries (Book).
JO  - Journal of Energy & Development
JF  - Journal of Energy & Development
Y1  - 2003///Spring2003
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 298
EP  - 300
SN  - 03614476
AB  - Reviews the book 'Technology Transfer for Renewable Energy: Overcoming Barriers in Developing Countries,' by Gill Wilkins.
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Wilkins, Gill
KW  - Technology Transfer for Renewable Energy: Overcoming Barriers in Developing Countries (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10930696; Kline, David M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado;  Source Info: Spring2003, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p298; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Backhaus, S.
AU  - Swift, G. W.
T1  - An acoustic streaming instability in thermoacoustic devices utilizing jet pumps.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 113
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1317
EP  - 1324
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Thermoacoustic-Stirling hybrid engines and feedback pulse tube refrigerators can utilize jet pumps to suppress streaming that would otherwise cause large heat leaks and reduced efficiency. It is desirable to use jet pumps to suppress streaming because they do not introduce moving parts such as bellows or membranes. In most cases, this form of streaming suppression works reliably. However, in some cases, the streaming suppression has been found to be unstable. Using a simple model of the acoustics in the regenerators and jet pumps of these devices, a stability criterion is derived that predicts when jet pumps can reliably suppress streaming. © 2003 Acoustical Society of America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - JET pumps
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
KW  - STIRLING engines
KW  - HEAT engineering
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 19824037; Backhaus, S. 1; Email Address: backhaus@lanl.gov; Swift, G. W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico;  Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 113 Issue 3, p1317; Subject Term: JET pumps; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Subject Term: STIRLING engines; Subject Term: HEAT engineering; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1543588
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lacouture, Jean-Christoph
AU  - Johnson, Paul A.
AU  - Cohen-Tenoudji, Frederic
T1  - Study of critical behavior in concrete during curing by application of dynamic linear and nonlinear means.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 113
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1325
EP  - 1332
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The monitoring of both linear and nonlinear elastic properties of a high performance concrete during curing is presented by application of compressional and shear waves. To follow the linear elastic behavior, both compressional and shear waves are used in wide band pulse echo mode. Through the value of the complex reflection coefficient between the cell material (Lucite) and the concrete within the cell, the elastic moduli are calculated. Simultaneously, the transmission of a continuous compressional sine wave at progressively increasing drive levels permits us to calculate the nonlinear properties by extracting the harmonics amplitudes of the signal. Information regarding the chemical evolution of the concrete based upon the reaction of hydration of cement is obtained by monitoring the temperature inside the sample. These different types of measurements are linked together to interpret the critical behavior. © 2003 Acoustical Society of America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONCRETE -- Curing
KW  - SHEAR waves
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
N1  - Accession Number: 19824038; Lacouture, Jean-Christoph 1; Email Address: lacoutur@ccr.jussieu.fr; Johnson, Paul A. 2; Email Address: paj@lanl.gov; Cohen-Tenoudji, Frederic 1; Email Address: tenoudji@ccr.jussieu.fr; Affiliations: 1 : Laboratoire Environnement et Développement, Université D. Diderot, Tour 33-43, Case courrier 7087, 2 Place Jussieu, 75251 Paris Cedex, France; 2 : Geophysics, MS D443, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;  Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 113 Issue 3, p1325; Subject Term: CONCRETE -- Curing; Subject Term: SHEAR waves; Subject Term: CEMENT; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1543927
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Environmental foresight and models: a manifesto: Edited by M.B. Beck, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Hardback, ISBN: 0-08-044086-X; 2002, 473pp
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 332
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 9144062; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technical Division, MS 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p332; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(02)00150-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9144062&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luce, Rick
AU  - Giacomo, Mariella Di
T1  - Personalized and Collaborative Digital Library Capabilities; Responding to the Changing Nature of Scientific Research.
JO  - Science & Technology Libraries
JF  - Science & Technology Libraries
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 152
SN  - 0194262X
AB  - Changes in the nature of scientific research have created new expectations for libraries supporting research. Several digital library initiatives offer customized digital library environments; however, these services typically do not provide users with personalized and shared collaborative environments. My Library at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) provides scientists (as individuals or groups) with a personalized Web environment enhancing scientific collaboration independent of time and location. One of the unique characteristics of this capability is the ability to push recommendations to users and adapt the system further based on user interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science & Technology Libraries is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Digital libraries
KW  - Electronic information resources
KW  - Information services
KW  - Research
KW  - World Wide Web
KW  - collaboration.
KW  - Digital libraries. recommendation systems
KW  - personalization
KW  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 14387290; Luce, Rick 1; Email Address: luce@lanl.gov; Giacomo, Mariella Di 2; Email Address: mariella@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Research Library Director and Library Without Walls Project Leader, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; 2 : Software Engineer, Library Without Walls, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1/2, p135; Thesaurus Term: Digital libraries; Thesaurus Term: Electronic information resources; Thesaurus Term: Information services; Thesaurus Term: Research; Thesaurus Term: World Wide Web; Author-Supplied Keyword: collaboration.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital libraries. recommendation systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: personalization; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J122v24n01_09
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=14387290&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margarit, S. Mariana
AU  - Sondermann, Holger
AU  - Hall, Brian E.
AU  - Nagar, Bhushan
AU  - Hoelz, Andre
AU  - Pirruccello, Michelle
AU  - Bar-Sagi, Dafna
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural Evidence for Feedback Activation by Ras·GTP of the Ras-Specific Nucleotide Exchange Factor SOS
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2003/03/07/
VL  - 112
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 685
SN  - 00928674
AB  - Growth factor receptors activate Ras by recruiting the nucleotide exchange factor son of sevenless (SOS) to the cell membrane, thereby triggering the production of GTP-loaded Ras. Crystallographic analyses of Ras bound to the catalytic module of SOS have led to the unexpected discovery of a highly conserved Ras binding site on SOS that is located distal to the active site and is specific for Ras·GTP. The crystal structures suggest that Ras·GTP stabilizes the active site of SOS allosterically, and we show that Ras·GTP forms ternary complexes with SOScat in solution and increases significantly the rate of SOScat-stimulated nucleotide release from Ras. These results demonstrate the existence of a positive feedback mechanism for the spatial and temporal regulation of Ras. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - GROWTH factors
N1  - Accession Number: 9300726; Margarit, S. Mariana 1; Sondermann, Holger 2,3; Hall, Brian E. 1; Nagar, Bhushan 2,3; Hoelz, Andre 4; Pirruccello, Michelle 2,3; Bar-Sagi, Dafna 1; Kuriyan, John 2,3; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Source Information: 3/7/2003, Vol. 112 Issue 5, p685; Subject: CYTOKINES; Subject: CELL membranes; Subject: PEPTIDES; Subject: GROWTH factors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scoggin, J. M.
AU  - Segelhorst, R. J.
AU  - Reid, R. A.
T1  - Applying the TOC thinking process in manufacturing: a case study.
JO  - International Journal of Production Research
JF  - International Journal of Production Research
Y1  - 2003/03/10/
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
EP  - 797
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00207543
AB  - A case study is presented to illustrate the application of the Theory of Constraints thinking process logic .tools in a manufacturing environment. The study performs design activities related to meeting future product requirements while concurrently meeting existing production schedules for the current design of the product. Current approaches to managing the firm's limited productive capacity do not allow for both design and production activities to occur simultaneously while meeting the customer's current product delivery schedule. Thus, despite their desire to satisfy their customer's future design requirements, management uses the majority of its production capacity to meet its customer's current product delivery schedule. This case study demonstrates how a team of employees used thinking process logic diagrams to document reality, identify a core conflict and problem, develop proposed changes to address the core problem, and create several detailed action plans to implement changes within the study organization. Initially, scenarios associated with some undesirable effects are used to understand how prevailing policies and behaviours result in less than desired production line performance. Then, a current reality tree is constructed to link the core problem or system constraint with the previously identified undesirable effects. Next, two major injections are developed to address the core problem in managing the production line as logically documented in a future reality tree. Finally, three transition trees are presented to grade the implementation of change at the study organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Production Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THEORY of constraints (Management)
KW  - PRODUCTION management (Manufacturing)
KW  - MANAGERIAL accounting
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - PRODUCTION engineering
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 9330997; Scoggin, J. M. 1; Segelhorst, R. J. 1; Reid, R. A. 2; Email Address: reid@mgt.unm.edu; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; 2: Anderson Schools of Management, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Issue Info: 3/10/2003, Vol. 41 Issue 4, p767; Thesaurus Term: THEORY of constraints (Management); Thesaurus Term: PRODUCTION management (Manufacturing); Thesaurus Term: MANAGERIAL accounting; Thesaurus Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCTION engineering; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 31p; Illustrations: 15 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00207540311000065557
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwart, Stephen E.
T1  - James P. Lodge, Jr.: a tribute to an editor
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/03/20/
VL  - 37
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1160
SN  - 13522310
N1  - Accession Number: 9306605; Schwart, Stephen E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 9/10, p1160; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01006-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9306605&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Dale W.
AU  - Benesch, Jody A.
AU  - Gustin, Mae S.
AU  - Schorran, David S.
AU  - Lindberg, Steven E.
AU  - Coleman, James S.
T1  - Experimental evidence against diffusion control of Hg evasion from soils
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2003/03/20/
VL  - 304
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00489697
AB  - Elemental Hg (Hg0) evolution from soils can be an important process and needs to be measured in more ecosystems. The diffusion model for soil gaseous efflux has been applied to modeling the fluxes of several gases in soils and deserves testing with regard to Hg0. As an initial test of this model, we examined soil gaseous Hg0 and CO2 concentrations at two depths (20 and 40 cm) over the course of a controlled environment study conducted in the EcoCELLs at the Desert Research Institute in Reno, Nevada. We also compared small, spatially distributed gas wells against the more commonly used large gas wells. In this study, two EcoCELLs were first watered (June 2000) and then planted (July 2000) with trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides). Following that, trees were harvested (October 2000) and one EcoCELL (EcoCELL 2) was replanted with aspen (25 April 2001). During most of the experiment, there was a strong vertical gradient of CO2 (increasing with depth, as is typical of a diffusion-driven process), but no vertical gradient of soil gaseous Hg0. Strong diel variations in soil gas Hg0 concentration were noted, whereas diel variations in CO2 were small and not statistically significant. Initial watering and planting caused increases in both soil gas CO2 and Hg0. Replanting in EcoCELL 2 caused a statistically significant increase in soil gas CO2 but not Hg0. Calculated Hg0 effluxes using the diffusion model produced values two orders of magnitude lower than those measured using field chambers placed directly on the soil or whole-cell fluxes. Neither soil gas Hg0 concentrations nor calculated fluxes were correlated with measured Hg0 efflux from soil or from whole EcoCELLs. We conclude that (1) soil gas Hg0 flux is not diffusion-driven and thus soil gas Hg0 concentrations cannot be used to calculated soil Hg0 efflux; (2) soil gas Hg0 concentrations are increased by watering dry soil, probably because of displacement/desorption processes; (3) soil gas Hg0 concentrations were unaffected by plants, suggesting that roots and rhizosphere processes are unimportant in controlling Hg0 evasion from the soil surface. We recommend the use of the small wells in all future studies because they are much easier to install and provide more resolution of spatial and temporal patterns in soil gaseous Hg0. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - EcoCELL
KW  - Hg0 evasion
KW  - Populus tremuloides
N1  - Accession Number: 9341711; Johnson, Dale W. 1; Benesch, Jody A. 1; Gustin, Mae S. 1; Email Address: mgustin@cabnr.unr.edu; Schorran, David S. 2; Lindberg, Steven E. 3; Coleman, James S. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fleischmann Agriculture Building, MS 370, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; 2 : Division of Earth and Ecosystem Science, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA; 3 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA;  Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 304 Issue 1-3, p175; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: EcoCELL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hg0 evasion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populus tremuloides; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00567-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagar, Bhushan
AU  - Hantschel, Oliver
AU  - Young, Matthew A.
AU  - Scheffzek, Klaus
AU  - Veach, Darren
AU  - Bornmann, William
AU  - Clarkson, Bayard
AU  - Superti-Furga, Giulio
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural Basis for the Autoinhibition of c-Abl Tyrosine Kinase
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 112
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 859
SN  - 00928674
AB  - c-Abl is normally regulated by an autoinhibitory mechanism, the disruption of which leads to chronic myelogenous leukemia. The details of this mechanism have been elusive because c-Abl lacks a phosphotyrosine residue that triggers the assembly of the autoinhibited form of the closely related Src kinases by internally engaging the SH2 domain. Crystal structures of c-Abl show that the N-terminal myristoyl modification of c-Abl 1b binds to the kinase domain and induces conformational changes that allow the SH2 and SH3 domains to dock onto it. Autoinhibited c-Abl forms an assembly that is strikingly similar to that of inactive Src kinases but with specific differences that explain the differential ability of the drug STI-571/Gleevec/imatinib (STI-571) to inhibit the catalytic activity of Abl, but not that of c-Src. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MYELOID leukemia
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ANEMIA
KW  - LEUKEMIA
N1  - Accession Number: 9483466; Nagar, Bhushan 1; Hantschel, Oliver 2; Young, Matthew A. 1; Scheffzek, Klaus 3; Veach, Darren 4; Bornmann, William 4; Clarkson, Bayard 4; Superti-Furga, Giulio 2,5; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Kuriyan, John 1,6; Email Address: superti@embl-heidelberg.de; Source Information: 3/21/2003, Vol. 112 Issue 6, p859; Subject: MYELOID leukemia; Subject: AMINO acids; Subject: ANEMIA; Subject: LEUKEMIA; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00194-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R.K.
T1  - Recombination processes and lifetime measurements in silicon photovoltaics
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/03/31/
VL  - 76
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Recombination lifetime is one of the critical parameters in the search for cost-competitive photovoltaic technologies. Each technology has specific materials issues with respect to the role of recombination lifetime in the potential success of that technology. The dominant commercial technology for low-cost deployment of photovoltaics is currently based on various growth methods of bulk silicon. For low-cost terrestrial applications, the objective is to compromise efficiency while maximizing the efficiency-to-cost ratio. A frequent and cost-efficient tactic is to develop low-cost silicon purification and gettering processes, assessing the effectiveness of the latter by lifetime measurements. The recombination mechanism that affects low-cost silicon photovoltaics is the impurity-related Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) process, and SRH-impurity removal is of primary concern. Here, I will present some results from a photovoltaic device model that links a theoretical efficiency to a given range of recombination lifetimes. Specialized measurement techniques are needed to get meaningful information about recombination lifetimes for these low-cost materials. Described here is a contactless photoconductive decay measurement system that has proven to be successful for most of these materials. Experimental results on a range of low-cost silicon alternatives will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Semiconductors -- Recombination
KW  - Hall Héroult process
KW  - Lifetime
KW  - Photovoltaics
KW  - Recombination process
KW  - Shockley–Read–Hall process
KW  - Si
N1  - Accession Number: 8998114; Ahrenkiel, R.K. 1; Email Address: richard_ahrenkiel@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO, 80401, USA;  Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 76 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: Semiconductors -- Recombination; Subject Term: Hall Héroult process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lifetime; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shockley–Read–Hall process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kobos, Peter H.
AU  - Erickson, Jon D.
AU  - Drennen, Thomas E.
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque
AD  - U VT
AD  - Hobart and William Smith Colleges and Sandia National Laboratoriesm Albuquerque
T1  - Scenario Analysis of Chinese Passenger Vehicle Growth
JO  - Contemporary Economic Policy
JF  - Contemporary Economic Policy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
SP  - 200
EP  - 217
SN  - 10743529
N1  - Accession Number: 0652109; Keywords: CO2;  Emissions;  Energy;  Fuel;  Logistics;  Vehicles; Geographic Descriptors: China; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200307
N2  - This article reports on a simulation and scenario analysis of Chinese passenger vehicle growth and resulting energy demand and CO2 emissions. The model includes provincial level logistic growth functions with saturation levels representative of neighboring Asian economies, income growth measured in international dollars, and both estimated and literature-based income elasticities. Scenarios explore variation in key parameters, including income and population growth rates, elasticity income ranges, fuel economy, and vehicle saturation. Countrywide base case results estimate growth from 4.22 to 54.33 passenger vehicles per thousand people from 1995 to 2025. Resulting passenger vehicle oil demands and CO2 emissions increase nearly 17-fold.
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics          P25
KW  - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise          R41
KW  - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Natural Resources; Energy; Environment          P28
KW  - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water          Q25
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7287
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7287
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vine, Edward
AU  - Hamrin, Jan
AU  - Eyre, Nick
AU  - Crossley, David
AU  - Maloney, Michelle
AU  - Watt, Greg
T1  - Public policy analysis of energy efficiency and load management in changing electricity businesses
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
SN  - 03014215
AB  - The focus of this paper is (1) the potential effectiveness of the reform of the electricity industry on promoting energy efficiency and load management, and (2) the potential effectiveness of new mechanisms for promoting energy efficiency and load management. Many countries are initiating reforms of their power sectors to stimulate private investment, increase operation and management efficiencies, and lower the cost of power. These countries are unbundling vertically integrated utilities into distinct generation, transmission, distribution and retail supply companies; introducing commercial management principles to government-owned monopolies; and in many cases transferring operation or ownership to private companies. Electric industry restructuring may force regulators and policy makers to re-examine existing mechanisms for promoting load management and energy efficiency. In some cases, electric industry restructuring replaces the long-standing relationship between a single monopoly provider and protected customer franchise with a new set of relationships among retail electricity suppliers and customers who may now be free to choose suppliers. In these types of situations, markets, not government regulators and utility monopolies, are seen as determining future energy production and consumption decisions. However, it is uncertain whether this type of restructuring will overcome important market barriers to energy efficiency that limit markets for energy-efficient products and services from functioning effectively. As a result of these barriers, a large, untapped potential for cost-effective energy-efficiency investments exists. Supporters of public policies argue that energy-efficiency programs are an appropriate government strategy to capture economic efficiencies that the market cannot secure unassisted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electric power consumption
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Policy analysis
KW  - Restructuring
N1  - Accession Number: 8762181; Vine, Edward 1; Email Address: elvine@lbl.gov; Hamrin, Jan 2; Eyre, Nick 3; Crossley, David 4; Maloney, Michelle 4; Watt, Greg 4; Affiliations: 1 : Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technology Division, Building 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Center for Resource Solutions, USA; 3 : Energy Saving Trust, UK; 4 : Energy Futures Australia Pty Ltd, Australia;  Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p405; Thesaurus Term: Electric power consumption; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Policy analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Restructuring; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ricci, Paolo F.
AU  - Rice, Dave
AU  - Ziagos, John
AU  - Cox Jr., Louis A.
T1  - Precaution, uncertainty and causation in environmental decisions
JO  - Environment International
JF  - Environment International
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01604120
AB  - What measures of uncertainty and what causal analysis can improve the management of potentially severe, irreversible or dreaded environmental outcomes? Environmental choices show that policies intended to be precautionary (such as adding MTBE to petrol) can cause unanticipated harm (by mobilizing benzene, a known leukemogen, in the ground water). Many environmental law principles set the boundaries of what should be done but do not provide an operational construct to answer this question. Those principles, ranging from the precautionary principle to protecting human health from a significant risk of material health impairment, do not explain how to make environmental management choices when incomplete, inconsistent and complex scientific evidence characterizes potentially adverse environmental outcomes. Rather, they pass the task to lower jurisdictions such as agencies or authorities. To achieve the goals of the principle, those who draft it must deal with scientific casual conjectures, partial knowledge and variable data. In this paper we specifically deal with the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the European Union''s (EU) explanation of consistency and on the examination of scientific developments relevant to variability and uncertain data and causation. Managing hazards under the precautionary principle requires inductive, empirical methods of assessment. However, acting on a scientific conjecture can also be socially unfair, costly, and detrimental when applied to complex environmental choices. We describe a constructive framework rationally to meet the command of the precautionary principle using alternative measures of uncertainty and recent statistical methods of causal analysis. These measures and methods can bridge the gap between conjectured future irreversible or severe harm and scant scientific evidence, thus leading to more confident and resilient social choices. We review two sets of measures and computational systems to deal with uncertainty and link them to causation through inductive empirical methods such as Bayesian Networks. We conclude that primary legislation concerned with large uncertainties and potential severe or dreaded environmental outcomes can produce accurate and efficient choices. To do so, primary legislation should specifically indicate what measures can represent uncertainty and how to deal with uncertain causation thus providing guidance to an agency''s rulemaking or to an authority''s writing secondary legislation. A corollary conclusion with legal, scientific and probabilistic implications concerns how to update past information when the state of information increases because a failure to update can result in regretting past choices. Elected legislators have the democratic mandate to formulate precautionary principles and are accountable. To preserve that mandate, imbedding formal methods to represent uncertainty in the statutory language of the precautionary principle enhances subsequent judicial review of legislative actions. The framework that we propose also reduces the Balkanized views and interpretations of probabilities, possibilities, likelihood and uncertainty that exists in environmental decision-making. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environment International is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Bayesian analysis
KW  - Bayesian methods
KW  - Interval analysis
KW  - Precautionary principle
KW  - Probabilistic reasoning
KW  - Probability bounds
KW  - Statistical methods
KW  - Uncertain causation
KW  - Variability
N1  - Accession Number: 9143001; Ricci, Paolo F. 1; Email Address: apricci@earthlink.net; Rice, Dave 2; Ziagos, John 2; Cox Jr., Louis A. 3; Affiliations: 1 : University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St., San Francisco, CA 94117, USA; 2 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA; 3 : Cox & Associates and University of Colorado, 505 Franklin St., Denver CO, 80218, USA;  Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Environmental law; Subject Term: Bayesian analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interval analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precautionary principle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic reasoning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability bounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertain causation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variability; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0160-4120(02)00191-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, Marie E.
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USDA and U TN
T1  - Bioenergy Crop Production in the United States: Potential Quantities, Land Use Changes, and Economic Impacts on the Agricultural Sector
JO  - Environmental and Resource Economics
JF  - Environmental and Resource Economics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
SP  - 313
EP  - 333
SN  - 09246460
N1  - Accession Number: 0656900 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Agriculture;  Energy;  Land Use;  Prices;  Production; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200308
N2  - The U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Energy jointly analyzed the economic potential for, and impacts of, large-scale bioenergy crop production in the United States. An agricultural sector model (POLYSYS) was modified to include three potential bioenergy crops (switchgrass, hybrid poplar, and willow). At farmgate prices of US $2.44/GJ, an estimated 17 million hectares of bioenergy crops, annually yielding 171 million dry Mg of biomass, could potentially be produced at a profit greater than existing agricultural uses for the land. The estimate assumes high productivity management practices are permitted on Conservation Reserve Program lands. Traditional crops prices are estimated to increase 9 to 14 percent above baseline prices and farm income increases annually by US $6.0 billion above baseline. At farmgate prices of US $1.83/GJ, an estimated 7.9 million hectares of bioenergy crops, annually yielding 55 million dry Mg of biomass, could potentially be produced at a profit greater than existing agricultural uses for the land. The estimate assumes management practices intended to achieve high environmental benefits on Conservation Reserve Program lands. Traditional crops prices are estimated to increase 4 to 9 percent above baseline prices and farm income increases annually by US $2.8 billion above baseline.
KW  - Agriculture: Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis; Prices          Q11
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
KW  - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment          Q15
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10640
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0656900&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10640
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marland, Eric
AU  - Marland, Gregg
T1  - The treatment of long-lived, carbon-containing products in inventories of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere
JO  - Environmental Science & Policy
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 14629011
AB  - The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) requires that all parties to the convention periodically report their emissions of greenhouse gases and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has published guidelines on how to estimate these emissions. Estimating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is complicated by the fact that consumption of fossil-fuels and harvesting of forests do not necessarily mean that the contained C has been released to the atmosphere as CO2. Some fractions of fossil-fuels and harvested wood are incorporated into products that have lifetimes ranging from months to centuries. The IPCC methodology addresses durable products by assuming that some prescribed fraction goes to permanent storage while the remainder is oxidized instantly. The question posed here is whether the annual increase in stocks of durable products, i.e. the difference between the rates of production and oxidation, can be reasonably estimated as a simple fraction of their current rate of production. Although the annual stock change can be described as a simple fraction of annual production when production is growing exponentially and oxidation is a first order decay process, a description of annual stock changes needs to consider how both production and oxidation are evolving with time, regardless of the functional forms of these changes with time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Policy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Carbon cycle
KW  - Non-fuel hydrocarbons
KW  - Wood products
N1  - Accession Number: 9146019; Marland, Eric 1; Marland, Gregg 2; Email Address: marlandgh@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Mathematical Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA; 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA;  Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p139; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-fuel hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wood products; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00003-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9146019&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenzel, Tom
T1  - Use of remote sensing measurements to evaluate vehicle emission monitoring programs: results from Phoenix, Arizona
JO  - Environmental Science & Policy
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 14629011
AB  - Vehicle emission inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs are the US EPA’s primary policy to reduce on-road emissions of in-use vehicles. The EPA is preparing guidance for states on how to use on-road emissions measurements made by roadside sensors (remote sensing) to evaluate the effectiveness of their I/M programs. In its guidance EPA describes three methods of using remote sensing data for such evaluations: the comprehensive method, the step change method, and the reference method. We used an extensive number of remote sensing measurements in the Phoenix area to estimate program benefits under each method, in order to understand how each method measures emission reductions under an I/M program. The extensive number of measurements also allows testing the sensitivity of results obtained under the comprehensive method to the month in which the measurements were taken. We found that the comprehensive method estimates a small reduction in CO emissions (<F>3.3±0.6%</F>) from the I/M program; however, the step change method estimates no program benefit. A reference method analysis comparing on-road emissions of fleets in an enhanced and a basic program indicates that older vehicles have higher on-road emissions under the enhanced program than the basic program. Discrepancies between these results are discussed, as are several factors which appear to influence results under each method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Policy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Inspection and maintenance
KW  - Vehicle emissions
KW  - Vehicle repairs
N1  - Accession Number: 9146020; Wenzel, Tom 1; Email Address: tpwenzel@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p153; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Subject Term: Remote sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inspection and maintenance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle repairs; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00004-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9146020&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flora, Joseph R. V.
AU  - Hargis, Richard A.
AU  - O.Dowd, William J.
AU  - Pennline, Henry W.
AU  - Vidic, Radisav D.
T1  - Modeling Sorbent Injection for Mercury Control in Baghouse Filters: I -- Model Development and Sensitivity Analysis.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Analyzes modeling sorbent injection for mercury control in baghouse filters. Inference on mercury removal from the gas phase derived from the two-stage mathematical model; Comments on mercury removal based on sensitivity analysis of the model; Benefits related to operating strategies offered by the mathematical model.
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Filters & filtration
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Gases
KW  - Injection molding of metals
KW  - Mathematics
N1  - Accession Number: 12479593; Flora, Joseph R. V. 1; Hargis, Richard A. 2; O.Dowd, William J. 2; Pennline, Henry W. 2; Vidic, Radisav D. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.; 2 : National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.;  Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p1; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Filters & filtration; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Gases; Subject Term: Injection molding of metals; Subject Term: Mathematics; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flora, Joseph R. V.
AU  - Hargis, Richard A.
AU  - O'Dowd, William J.
AU  - Pennline, Henry W.
AU  - Vidic, Radisav D.
T1  - Modelling Sorbent Injection for Mercury Control in Baghouse Filters: II -- Pilot-Scale and Model Evaluation.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Analyzes modeling sorbent injection for mercury control in baghouse filters. Inference on mercury removal made by pilot scale tests conducted on a coal-fired furnace; Factors affecting the efficiency of mercury removal in the duct of the furnace; Benefits of the mathematical model explained in this article.
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Filters & filtration
KW  - Furnaces
KW  - Coal
KW  - Mathematical models
N1  - Accession Number: 12479594; Flora, Joseph R. V. 1; Hargis, Richard A. 2; O'Dowd, William J. 2; Pennline, Henry W. 2; Vidic, Radisav D. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.; 2 : National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.;  Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p1; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Filters & filtration; Thesaurus Term: Furnaces; Thesaurus Term: Coal; Subject Term: Mathematical models; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ericksen, J.A.
AU  - Gustin, M.S.
AU  - Schorran, D.E.
AU  - Johnson, D.W.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
AU  - Coleman, J.S.
T1  - Accumulation of atmospheric mercury in forest foliage
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1613
SN  - 13522310
AB  - We used unique mesocosms to examine the role that plants play in accumulating and transforming atmospheric Hg. Several stands of quaking aspen were grown in large gas-exchange chambers in Hg-enriched soil (12.3±1.3 μg g−1), and the Hg content in the vegetation was determined over time. Foliar Hg concentrations increased as a function of leaf age and leveled off after 2–3 months in the oldest tissue with a mean tissue concentration of 150 ng g−1. Approximately 80% of the total Hg accumulated in the aboveground biomass was found in the leaves, and roughly 1% of that Hg was methylated. Leaves of additional aspen grown within the mesocosms in containers of low Hg soil (0.03±0.01 μg g−1) exhibited foliar Hg concentrations similar to those of trees grown in the Hg-enriched soil. Leaf rinses and surrogate Teflon surfaces were analyzed to characterize surface deposition processes. Small gas-exchange systems were used to measure stomatal uptake of Hg vapor, and the mean Hg flux was −3.3 ng m−2 h−1. These experiments showed that almost all of the Hg in foliar tissue originated from the atmosphere. Thus, in the fall when deciduous trees enter dormancy and leaves senesce, litterfall would represent a new Hg input to terrestrial ecosystems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric mercury
KW  - Plants
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Global cycling
KW  - Sinks
KW  - Uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 9288032; Ericksen, J.A. 1; Gustin, M.S. 1; Email Address: msg@unr.nevada.edu; Schorran, D.E. 2; Johnson, D.W. 1; Lindberg, S.E. 3; Coleman, J.S. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Environmental Resource and Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, Mail Stop 370, Reno, NV 89557, USA; 2 : Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA; 3 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 12, p1613; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric mercury; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sinks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uptake; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00008-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9288032&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tucker, James D.
AU  - Moore II, Dan H.
AU  - Ramsey, Marilyn J.
AU  - Kato, Paula
AU  - Langlois, Richard G.
AU  - Burroughs, Barbara
AU  - Long, Leslie
AU  - Garry, Vincent F.
T1  - Multi-endpoint biological monitoring of phosphine workers
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003/04/20/
VL  - 536
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 13835718
AB  - The pesticide phosphine (PH3) is a suspected carcinogen and a known clastogen which has been shown to produce chromosome damage in agricultural workers. To confirm and extend these results we evaluated 22 phosphine appliers and 26 controls matched for age and smoking status. Two independent methods were used to evaluate exposure: fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with whole-chromosome paints of chromosomes 1, 2, and 4 labeled in a single color to quantify translocations in peripheral lymphocytes, and the glycophorin A (GPA) assay to quantify phenotypically mutant (NØ or NN) erythrocytes. No differences in the frequency of translocations were found in the phosphine appliers compared to the controls, and no effect of cigarette smoking was observed. However, a significant increase in the frequency of translocations with age (<F>P<0.0001</F>) was seen. No effect of phosphine exposure or cigarette smoking was observed in the GPA assay. These results are in contrast to previous findings from this same population which showed an increase in chromosome aberrations among phosphine appliers. The results are most easily interpreted as supporting the effectiveness of the personal protective equipment that is now worn by the workers but which was not employed prior to and during the earlier studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phosphine
KW  - Translocation (Genetics)
KW  - Chromosome translocations
KW  - Glycophorin A variants
KW  - Human exposure
KW  - Phosphine gas
N1  - Accession Number: 9500090; Tucker, James D. 1; Email Address: jtucker@biology.biosci.wayne.edu; Moore II, Dan H. 2; Ramsey, Marilyn J. 1; Kato, Paula 1; Langlois, Richard G. 1; Burroughs, Barbara 3; Long, Leslie 3; Garry, Vincent F. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, P.O. Box 808, L-448 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 2 : Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0808, USA; 3 : University of Minnesota, Stone Lab I M 110, 421 SE 29th Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA;  Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 536 Issue 1/2, p7; Thesaurus Term: Phosphine; Subject Term: Translocation (Genetics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosome translocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycophorin A variants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphine gas; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-5718(03)00014-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9500090&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buswell, RA
AU  - Haves, P
AU  - Wright, JA
T1  - Model-based condition monitoring of a HVAC cooling coil sub-system in a real building.
JO  - Building Services Engineering Research & Technology
JF  - Building Services Engineering Research & Technology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 116
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 01436244
AB  - A comparison of the performance of two fault detection and diagnosis methods applied to a cooling coil subsystem in an air-handling unit installed in a real building is presented. Both methods employ a first principles based reference model of the target system. One scheme carries out diagnosis using expert rules and the other recursively re-estimates selected parameters of the system model that correspond to particular faults. The procedures and information required to configure the schemes for condition monitoring are discussed. The results of testing the methods on an HVAC cooling coil subsystem in a commercial office building in the UK over an entire cooling season are reported. Both methods were able to both detect faults and provide some diagnosis. The expert rule method, however, appears to be more robust. Issues associated with the configuration and implementation of both methods are discussed in terms of performance and cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Building Services Engineering Research & Technology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEATING -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - AIR conditioning -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - BUILDINGS
KW  - COOLING
N1  - Accession Number: 9925510; Buswell, RA 1; Haves, P 2; Wright, JA 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p103; Subject Term: HEATING -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: AIR conditioning -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: BUILDINGS; Subject Term: COOLING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423730 Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1191/0143624403bt062oa
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=9925510&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langniss, Ole
AU  - Wiser, Ryan
T1  - The renewables portfolio standard in Texas: an early assessment
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Texas has rapidly emerged as one of the leading wind power markets in the United States. This development can be largely traced to a well-designed and carefully implemented renewables portfolio standard (RPS). The RPS is a new policy mechanism that has received increasing attention as an attractive approach to support renewable power generation. Though replacing existing renewable energy policies with an as-of-yet untested approach in the RPS is risky, early experience from Texas suggests that an RPS can effectively spur renewables development and encourage competition among renewable energy producers. Initial RPS targets in Texas were well exceeded by the end of 2001, with 915 MW of wind installed in that year alone. RPS compliance costs appear negligible with new wind projects reportedly contracted for well under 3(US)¢/kWh, in part as a result of a 1.7(US)¢/kWh production tax credit, an outstanding wind resource and an RPS that is sizable enough to drive project economies of scale. Obliged retail suppliers have been willing to enter into long-term contracts with renewable generators, reducing important risks for both the developer and the retail supplier. Finally, the country''s first comprehensive renewable energy certificate program has been put into place to monitor and track RPS compliance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Texas
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8997062; Langniss, Ole 1; Email Address: ole.langniss@miljo.lth.se; Wiser, Ryan 2; Email Address: rhwiser@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Environmental and Energy System Studies, Lund University, Gerdagatan 13, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: May2003, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p527; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Subject: Texas; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baolin Deng
AU  - Lan Lan
AU  - Houston, Kelly
AU  - Brady, Patrick V.
T1  - Effects of Clay Minerals on Cr(Vi) Reduction by Organic Compounds.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 84
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 18
SN  - 01676369
AB  - The objective of this study is to examine the effect of clay minerals (illite, montmorillonite, and kaolinite) on chromate (Cr(VI)) reduction by several low molecular weight organic compounds. Batch experiments at pH ranging from 3.0 to 6.0 and 25 °C showed that 2:1 layered clays illite and smectite catalyzed Cr(VI) reduction by oxalate. The catalytic effect increased as pH was decreased. The 1:1 clay kaolinite had no catalytic effect under comparable conditions. Direct Cr(VI) reduction by reactive moieties associated with illite and montmorillonite was observed, but at a much slower rate than the catalytic pathway. Cr(VI) reduction by glyoxylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, and mandelic acid was accelerated by illite, although aqueous phase reduction might occur in parallel. These results suggest that Cr(VI) reduction rates in subsurface environments rich in organic compounds may be elevated through catalysis of surface-bound metals and/or soluble species from the clay minerals, and as a result, higher than those expected from aqueous phase reaction alone. Such rate enhancement for Cr(VI) reduction needs to be accounted for when developing new remedial techniques for chromium site remediation or assessing its natural attenuation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Clay minerals
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Molecular weights
KW  - Illite
KW  - Kaolinite
KW  - Montmorillonite
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - chromate
KW  - clay minerals
KW  - illite
KW  - oxalate
KW  - reduction
KW  - smectite
N1  - Accession Number: 15194895; Baolin Deng 1; Email Address: dengb@missouri.edu; Lan Lan 1; Houston, Kelly 1; Brady, Patrick V. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Environmental Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 2 : Geochemistry Department (MS-0750), Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A.;  Source Info: May2003, Vol. 84 Issue 1/2, p5; Thesaurus Term: Clay minerals; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject Term: Molecular weights; Subject Term: Illite; Subject Term: Kaolinite; Subject Term: Montmorillonite; Subject Term: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromate; Author-Supplied Keyword: clay minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: illite; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxalate; Author-Supplied Keyword: reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: smectite; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Lehman, Sean K.1, lehman2@llnl.gov
AU  - Devaney, Anthony J.2, tonydev2@aol.com
T1  - Transmission mode time-reversal super-resolution imaging.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
J1  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
PY  - 2003/05//
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 113
IS  - 5
CP  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2742
EP  - 2753
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The theory of time-reversal super-resolution imaging of point targets embedded in a reciprocal background medium [A. J. Devaney, ''Super-resolution imaging using time-reversal and MUSIC,'' J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (to be published)] is generalized to the case where the transmitter and receiver sensor arrays need not be coincident and for cases where the background medium can be nonreciprocal. The new theory developed herein is based on the singular value decomposition of the generalized multistatic data matrix of the sensor system rather than the standard eigenvector/eigenvalue decomposition of the time-reversal matrix as was employed in the above-mentioned work and other treatments of time-reversal imaging [Prada, Thomas, and Fink, ''The iterative time reversal process: Analysis of the convergence,'' J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 97, 62 ~1995!; Prada et al., ''Decomposition of the time reversal operator: Detection and selective focusing on two scatterers,'' J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99, 2067 (1996)]. A generalized multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is derived that allows super-resolution imaging of both well-resolved and non-well-resolved point targets from arbitrary sensor array geometries. MUSIC exploits the orthogonal nature of the scatterer and noise subspaces defined by the singular vectors of the multistatic data matrix to form scatterer images. The time-reversal/MUSIC algorithm is tested and validated in two computer simulations of offset vertical seismic profiling where the sensor sources are aligned along the earth's surface and the receiver array is aligned along a subsurface borehole. All results demonstrate the high contrast, high resolution imaging capabilities of this new algorithm combination when compared with ''classical'' backpropagation or field focusing. Above and beyond the application of seismo-acoustic imaging, the time-reversal super-resolution theory has applications in ocean acoustics for target location, and ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
KW  - Architectural acoustics
KW  - Transmission of sound
KW  - Sound waves
KW  - Music
KW  - Acoustical engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 20636961; Authors: Lehman, Sean K. 1 Email Address: lehman2@llnl.gov; Devaney, Anthony J. 2 Email Address: tonydev2@aol.com; Affiliations:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550;  2: Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Subject: Transmission of sound; Subject: Architectural acoustics; Subject: Sound waves; Subject: Music; Subject: Acoustical engineering; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 14 Graphs; Record Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1566975
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Barton L.
AU  - Swift, G. W.
T1  - Power dissipation and time-averaged pressure in oscillating flow through a sudden area change.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 113
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2455
EP  - 2463
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Experiments on oscillating flow at the abrupt transition between a two-dimensional channel and essentially infinite space are presented. It is shown that phenomena associated with the transition are functions of three independent dimensionless parameters including the dimensionless radius rounding the edge of the end of the channel. The effect of each of these three parameters on the time-averaged pressure difference across the transition and the acoustic power dissipation is explored by holding two parameters fixed while varying the third. Evidence is presented that the losses due to oscillatory flow in this geometry are smaller than would be expected from commonly accepted values for steady flow in similar geometry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - SOUND
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 20636940; Smith, Barton L. 1; Swift, G. W. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322; 2 : Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;  Source Info: May2003, Vol. 113 Issue 5, p2455; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1564022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106701266
T1  - The illusion of improved physical fitness and reduced mortality.
AU  - Williams PT
Y1  - 2003/05//
N1  - Accession Number: 106701266. Language: English. Entry Date: 20040213. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; equations & formulas; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Double Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Supported in part by grant HL-58621 from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. NLM UID: 8005433. 
KW  - Computer Simulation
KW  - Measurement Error
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Physical Fitness
KW  - Physical Activity
KW  - Comparative Studies
KW  - Prospective Studies
KW  - Male
KW  - Descriptive Statistics
KW  - Exercise Test, Cardiopulmonary
KW  - Treadmills
KW  - Cardiovascular Diseases -- Mortality
KW  - Relative Risk
KW  - Artifacts
KW  - Epidemiological Research
KW  - Time Factors
KW  - Physical Endurance
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Test-Retest Reliability
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 736
EP  - 740
JO  - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
JF  - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
JA  - MED SCI SPORTS EXERC
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
CY  - Baltimore, Maryland
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
AB  - PURPOSE: To conduct a computer simulation to assess the effects of measurement error on prospective epidemiological studies that attribute mortality outcomes to apparent changes in the independent variable (e.g., physical fitness or activity) at baseline. METHODS: As an example, we evaluated the design of the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS). This study compared apparent changes in fitness between two baseline visits to mortality during a subsequent 5-yr follow-up period. Unfit men who were reclassified as fit at the second baseline examination (6.6% of sample) and fit men who were reclassified as unfit (2.3%) had follow-up mortality rates that were between those of men who were consistently classified as fit or unfit. This study design was simulated assuming that differences between baseline treadmill test durations were due to measurement error alone. Based on our own data, we estimated that repeat measurements of treadmill test duration have correlation of r = 0.89 in the absence of any real fitness change. RESULTS: There is excellent agreement between the published ACLS risk reductions and our simulated reductions for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and total mortality. Compared with the 'Unfit-->Unfit' (the referent group), the estimated relative risks from the simulations for men who were reclassified as fit (i.e., 'Unfit-->Fit') were 0.57 for total mortality and 0.52 for CVD mortality, and for men who remained classified as fit ('Fit-->Fit'), they were 0.33 for total mortality and 0.20 for CVD mortality. CONCLUSION: The imprecision of the fitness measurement alone (i.e., measurement error) is sufficient to produce the reported ACLS risk reductions in initially unfit men who get reclassified as fit in a subsequent clinic visit. This statistical artifact will apply to other studies that use this design.
SN  - 0195-9131
AD  - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720; PTWilliams@LBL.gov
U2  - PMID: 12750581.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The illusion of improved physical fitness and reduced mortality. / L ' illusion du rapport entre l ' amelioration de la condition physique et la reduction de la mortalite.
AU  - Williams, P.T.
JO  - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
JF  - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
SP  - 736
EP  - 740
CY  - ; 
SN  - 01959131
N1  - Accession Number: SPHS-880388; Author: Williams, P.T.: 1 email: PTWilliams@LBL.gov. ; Author Affiliation: 1 Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; No. of Pages: 5; Language: English; Parent Item: SPHP1978; References: 17; General Notes: Clinical sciences: clinically relevant. INSEP, PARIS. Cote: PE 50. Acces: copie. K5.3 - SYSTEME CARDIOVASCULAIRE ET CARDIORESPIRATOIRE / K7 - PATHOLOGIE, TRAUMATOLOGIE; Publication Type: Article; Update Code: 20030701; SIRC Article No.: S-880388
N2  - Purpose: To conduct a computer simulation to assess the effects of measurement error on prospective epidemiological studies that attribute mortality outcomes to apparent changes in the independent variable (e.g., physical fitness or activity) at baseline. Methods: As an example, we evaluated the design of the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS). This study compared apparent changes in fitness between two baseline visits to mortality during a subsequent 5-yr follow-up period. Unfit men who were reclassified as fit at the second baseline examination (6.6 % of sample) and fit men who were reclassified as unfit (2.3 %) had follow-up mortality rates that were between those of men who were consistently classified as fit or unfit. This study design was simulated assuming that differences between baseline treadmill test durations were due to measurement error alone. Based on our own data, we estimated that repeat measurements of treadmill test duration have correlation of r = 0.89 in the absence of any real fitness change. Results: There is excellent agreement between the published ACLS risk reductions and our simulated reductions for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and total mortality. Compared with the "Unfit arrow to the right Unfit" (the referent group), the estimated relative risks from the simulations for men who were reclassified as fit (i.e., "Unfit arrow to the right Fit") were 0.57 for total mortality and 0.52 for CVD mortality, and for men who remained classified as fit ("Fit arrow to the right Fit"), they were 0.33 for total mortality and 0.20 for CVD mortality. Conclusion: The imprecision of the fitness measurement alone (i.e., measurement error) is sufficient to produce the reported ACLS risk reductions in initially unfit men who get reclassified as fit in a subsequent clinic visit. This statistical artifact will apply to other studies that use this design.
KW  - *CARDIOVASCULAR system -- Diseases
KW  - *PHYSICAL fitness
KW  - *EPIDEMIOLOGY
KW  - *TREADMILL exercise
KW  - *DISEASES
KW  - *MORTALITY -- Statistics
KW  - *HEALTH surveys
KW  - *CARDIOVASCULAR system
KW  - *RESPIRATORY organs
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - MODELING
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - TESTING
KW  - RISK
KW  - ADULTHOOD
KW  - MALES
KW  - COMPARATIVE studies
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - MORT
KW  - MESURE
KW  - SANTE
KW  - ACTIVITE-PHYSIQUE
KW  - EPIDEMIOLOGIE
KW  - MODELISATION
KW  - MALADIE-CARDIOVASCULAIRE
L2  - http://articles.sirc.ca/search.cfm?id=S-880388
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UR  - http://articles.sirc.ca/search.cfm?id=S-880388
UR  - http://www.wwilkins.com
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - List, George F.
AU  - Wood, Bryan
AU  - Nozick, Linda K.
AU  - Turnquist, Mark A.
AU  - Jones, Dean A.
AU  - Kjeldgaard, Edwin A.
AU  - Lawton, Craig R.
T1  - Robust optimization for fleet planning under uncertainty
JO  - Transportation Research: Part E
JF  - Transportation Research: Part E
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 13665545
AB  - We create a formulation and a solution procedure for fleet sizing under uncertainty in future demands and operating conditions. The formulation focuses on robust optimization, using a partial moment measure of risk. This risk measure is incorporated into the expected recourse function of a two-stage stochastic programming formulation, and stochastic decomposition is used as a solution procedure. A numerical example illustrates the importance of including uncertainty in the fleet sizing problem formulation, and the nature of the fundamental tradeoff between acquiring more vehicles and accepting the risk of potentially high costs if insufficient resources are available. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Research: Part E is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLEET aircraft
KW  - STOCHASTIC programming
KW  - Fleet sizing
KW  - Robust optimization
KW  - Stochastic decomposition
KW  - Stochastic optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 9193373; List, George F. 1; Wood, Bryan 1; Nozick, Linda K. 2; Turnquist, Mark A. 2; Email Address: mat14@cornell.edu; Jones, Dean A. 3; Kjeldgaard, Edwin A. 3; Lawton, Craig R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; 2: School of Civil & Environmental engineering, Cornell University, Holister Hal, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p209; Subject Term: FLEET aircraft; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fleet sizing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Robust optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic optimization; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1366-5545(02)00026-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quinn, Helen R.
AU  - Witherell, Michael S.
T1  - the asymmetry between MATTER and ANTI-MATTER.
JO  - Scientific American Special Edition
JF  - Scientific American Special Edition
Y1  - 2003/05/02/May2003 Special Edition
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 67
PB  - Scientific American
SN  - 15512991
AB  - Theorists believe that the excess of matter comes from fundamental disparities in how matter and antimatter behave.  These differences amount to violations of a symmetry called charge-parity reversal, or CP.  After years of effort, experimental and theoretical physicists have found a natural way for CP symmetry to be broken within the prevailing theory of particle physics, called the Standard Model.  Two accelerators in California and in Japan have begun to probe violations of CP, with the aim of understanding whether the Standard Model needs to be revamped or replaced.  Aspects of the theory that involve the Higgs particle are all untested.  The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the European laboratory for particle physics, will allow the Higgs to be observed if its properties are as predicted by the Standard Model.  INSETS: PARTICLES OF THE STANDARD MODEL;REVERSAL OF CHARGE AND PARITY.
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10690607; Quinn, Helen R. 1; Witherell, Michael S. 2,3; Affiliations: 1: Staff scientist at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center; 2: Director of Fermilab since 1999; 3: Elected to the National Academy of Sciences; Issue Info: May2003 Special Edition, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p60; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4316
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinha, Parikhit
AU  - Hobbs, Peter V.
AU  - Yokelson, Robert J.
AU  - Christian, Ted J.
AU  - Kirchstetter, Thomas W.
AU  - Bruintjes, Roelof
T1  - Emissions of trace gases and particles from two ships in the southern Atlantic Ocean
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2139
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Measurements were made of the emissions of particles and gases from two diesel-powered ships in the southern Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Namibia. The measurements are used to derive emission factors from ships of three species not reported previously, namely, black carbon, accumulation-mode particles, and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), as well as for carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), non-methane hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and condensation nuclei. The effects of fuel grade and engine power on ship emissions are discussed. The emission factors are combined with fuel usage data to obtain estimates of global annual emissions of various particles and gases from ocean-going ships. Global emissions of black carbon, accumulation-mode particles, and CCN from ocean-going ships are estimated to be 19–26 Gg yr−1, (4.4–6.1)×1026 particles yr−1, and (1.0–1.5)×1026 particles yr−1, respectively. Black carbon emissions from ocean-going ships are ∼0.2% of total anthropogenic emissions. Emissions of NOx and SO2 from ocean-going ships are ∼10–14% and ∼3–4%, respectively, of the total emissions of these species from the burning of fossil fuels, and ∼40% and ∼70%, respectively, of the total emissions of these species from the burning of biomass. Global annual emissions of CO and CH4 from ocean-going ships are ∼2% and ∼2–5%, respectively, of natural oceanic emissions of these species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Emissions from ships
KW  - Gases from ships
KW  - Particles from ships
KW  - Pollution from ships
KW  - Ship emissions
N1  - Accession Number: 9481935; Sinha, Parikhit 1; Hobbs, Peter V. 1; Email Address: phobbs@atmos.washington.edu; Yokelson, Robert J. 2; Christian, Ted J. 2; Kirchstetter, Thomas W. 3; Bruintjes, Roelof 4; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 1640, USA; 2 : Department of Chemistry, University of Montana, Missoula, USA; 3 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; 4 : National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 15, p2139; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions from ships; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gases from ships; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particles from ships; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollution from ships; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ship emissions; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00080-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9481935&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yruela, Inmaculada
AU  - Miota, Francisca
AU  - Torrado, Elena
AU  - Seibert, Michael
AU  - Picorel, Rafael
T1  - Cytochrome b 559 content in isolated photosystem II reaction center preparations.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 270
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2268
EP  - 2273
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The cytochrome b 559 content was examined in five types of isolated photosystem II D1-D2-cytochrome b 559 reaction center preparations containing either five or six chlorophylls per reaction center. The reaction center complexes were obtained following isolation procedures that differed in chromatographic column material, washing buffer composition and detergent concentration. Two different types of cytochrome b 559 assays were performed. The absolute heme content in each preparation was obtained using the oxidized-minus-reduced difference extinction coefficient of cytochrome b 559 at 559 nm. The relative amount of D1 and cytochrome b 559 α-subunit polypeptide was also calculated for each preparation from immunoblots obtained using antibodies raised against the two polypeptides. The results indicate that the cytochrome b 559 heme content in photosystem II reaction center complexes can vary with the isolation procedure, but the variation of the cytochrome b 559 α-subunit/D1 polypeptide ratio was even greater. This variation was not found in the PSII-enriched membrane fragments used as the RC-isolation starting material, as different batches of membranes obtained from spinach harvested at different seasons of the year or those from sugar beets grown in a chamber under controlled environmental conditions lack variation in their α-subunit/D1 polypeptide ratio. A precise determination of the ratio using an RC1-control sample calibration curve gave a ratio of 1.25 cytochrome b 559 α-subunit per 1.0 D1 polypeptide in photosystem II membranes. We conclude that the variations found in the reaction center preparations were due to the different procedures used to isolate and purify the different reaction center complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROME b
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - IMMUNOBLOTTING
KW  - PEPTIDE hormones
KW  - chromatography
KW  - cytochrome b
KW  - detergent
KW  - immunoblot
KW  - Photosystem II
N1  - Accession Number: 9698055; Yruela, Inmaculada 1; Miota, Francisca 1; Torrado, Elena 1; Seibert, Michael 2; Picorel, Rafael 1; Source Information: May2003, Vol. 270 Issue 10, p2268; Subject: CYTOCHROME b; Subject: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject: IMMUNOBLOTTING; Subject: PEPTIDE hormones; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome b; Author-Supplied Keyword: detergent; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunoblot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosystem II; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03597.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=9698055&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rao, Nageswara S.V.
AU  - Bang, Young-Cheol
AU  - Radhakrishnan, Sridhar
AU  - Wu, Qishi
AU  - Sitharama Iyengar, S.
AU  - Choo, Hyunseung
T1  - NetLets: measurement-based routing daemons for low end-to-end delays over networks
JO  - Computer Communications
JF  - Computer Communications
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 26
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 834
SN  - 01403664
AB  - Routing in the Internet is based on the best-effort mechanism, wherein the routers generally forward packets to minimize the number of hops to the destination. Furthermore, all packets of a type are treated the same independent of their size. We propose the framework of NetLets to enable the applications to send data packets to the destination with certain guarantees on the end-to-end delay. NetLets employ in situ instruments to measure the effective bandwidth and propagation delays on the links, and compute the paths with minimum measured end-to-end delay for data packets of various sizes. Based on experiments over local area networks, the paths selected by NetLets indeed achieve the minimum end-to-end delay, and our method outperformed the best-effort mechanism based on the hop count. We also describe an implementation of NetLets over the Internet to illustrate their viability for wide-area networks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUSTRIAL management
KW  - PERFORMANCE evaluation
KW  - ROUTERS (Tools)
KW  - End-to-end delays
KW  - NetLets
KW  - Network instrumentation and measurements
KW  - Performance evaluation
KW  - Quality of service
N1  - Accession Number: 9290623; Rao, Nageswara S.V. 1; Email Address: raons@ornl.gov; Bang, Young-Cheol 2; Email Address: ybang@kpu.ac.kr; Radhakrishnan, Sridhar 3; Wu, Qishi 4; Sitharama Iyengar, S. 4; Choo, Hyunseung 5; Affiliations: 1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2: Routing Protocol Team, Network Technology Laboratory, EIRI, Daejun], South Korea; 3: School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; 4: Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; 5: School of ICE, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 26 Issue 8, p834; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL management; Thesaurus Term: PERFORMANCE evaluation; Subject Term: ROUTERS (Tools); Author-Supplied Keyword: End-to-end delays; Author-Supplied Keyword: NetLets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network instrumentation and measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Performance evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quality of service; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321912 Cut Stock, Resawing Lumber, and Planing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0140-3664(02)00217-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=9290623&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Jie
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Royer, Richard A.
AU  - Burgos, William D.
T1  - The roles of natural organic matter in chemical and microbial reduction of ferric iron
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 307
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00489697
AB  - Although natural organic matter (NOM) is known to be redox reactive, the roles and effectiveness of specific functional groups of NOM in metal reduction are still a subject of intense investigation. This study entails the investigation of the Fe(III) reduction kinetics and capacity by three fractionated NOM subcomponents in the presence or absence of the dissimilatory metal reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. Results indicate that NOM was able to reduce Fe(III) abiotically; the reduction was pH-dependent and varied greatly with different fractions of NOM. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited the highest reactivity and oxidation capacity at a low pH (<4) as compared with the carbohydrate-rich NOM-CH fraction and a soil humic acid (soil HA) in reducing Fe(III). However, at a pH>4, soil HA showed a relatively high oxidation capacity, probably resulting from its conformational and solubility changes with an increased solution pH. In the presence of S. putrefaciens CN32, all NOM fractions were found to enhance the microbial reduction of Fe(III) under anaerobic, circumneutral pH conditions. Soil HA was found to be particularly effective in mediating the bioreduction of Fe(III) as compared with the NOM-PP or NOM-CH fractions. NOM-CH was the least effective because it was depleted in both aromatic and polyphenolic organic contents. However, because both soil HA and NOM-PP contain relatively high amounts of aromatic and phenolic compounds, results may indicate that low-molecular-weight polyphenolic organics in NOM-PP were less effective in mediating the bioreduction of Fe(III) at circumneutral pH than the high-molecular-weight polycondensed, conjugated aromatics present in soil HA. These research findings may shed additional light in understanding of the roles and underlying mechanisms of NOM reactions with contaminant metals, radionuclides, and other toxic chemicals in the natural environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Humus
KW  - Shewanella putrefaciens
KW  - Fe(III) reduction
KW  - Humic substances
KW  - NOM oxidation capacity
N1  - Accession Number: 9544981; Chen, Jie 1; Gu, Baohua 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov; Royer, Richard A. 2; Burgos, William D. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; 2 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;  Source Info: May2003, Vol. 307 Issue 1-3, p167; Thesaurus Term: Humus; Subject Term: Shewanella putrefaciens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe(III) reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humic substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOM oxidation capacity; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00538-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9544981&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, M.
AU  - Kang, Daiwen
AU  - Aneja, V.P.
AU  - Lonneman, W.
AU  - Cook, D.R.
AU  - Wesely, M.L.
T1  - Measurements of hydrocarbon air–surface exchange rates over maize
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/05/21/
VL  - 37
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2269
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Vertical gradients of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured over a maize (Zea mays) field, in its early growth period, during May 1995, in the Lower Coastal Plains of North Carolina. These measurements were combined with micrometeorological flux measurements to determine emission flux measurements for various VOCs. This measurement program was part of project NOVA (Natural emissions of Oxidant precursors: Validation of techniques and Assessment) to estimate the flux of VOCs. Average emissions of VOCs (and standard error) was estimated to be 4900±700 μg/m2/h out of which emission for methanol averaged (3450±420) μg/m2/h. A methanol emission rate of 35 μg/g/h was calculated for maize from the estimated emission of methanol and biomass density for the site. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Corn
KW  - Air–surface exchange
KW  - Biogenic VOCs
KW  - Maize
KW  - VOC fluxes
KW  - VOCs
KW  - Zea mays
N1  - Accession Number: 9570227; Das, M. 1; Kang, Daiwen 1,2; Aneja, V.P. 1; Email Address: viney_aneja@ncsu.edu; Lonneman, W. 2; Cook, D.R. 3; Wesely, M.L. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8208, USA; 2 : US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711,USA; 3 : Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 16, p2269; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Subject Term: Corn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air–surface exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogenic VOCs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maize; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOC fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOCs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zea mays; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00076-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stutz, Roger A.
T1  - The Cost of Documenting the NISC Project.
JO  - AACE International Transactions
JF  - AACE International Transactions
Y1  - 2003/06//
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
PB  - AACE International
SN  - 15287106
AB  - This article focuses on the development of the Nonproliferation and International Security Center (NISC) project which was started originally in 1996. The NISC project is to provide 163,375 square feet of laboratory and office space for 465 technical and support staff. The total estimated cost for the facility is about sixty-three million dollars. The facility consists of a new structure rising four stories above a one level basement. In 1997, the NISC project team decided to utilize a computer-based record based management system to track and store the design and construct documents for NISC.
KW  - COST
KW  - EMPLOYEES
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ARCHIVES
KW  - BUILDINGS
KW  - TEAMS
N1  - Accession Number: 14699127; Stutz, Roger A. 1; Email Address: rstutz@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Issue Info: 2003, preceding p1; Thesaurus Term: COST; Thesaurus Term: EMPLOYEES; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ARCHIVES; Subject Term: BUILDINGS; Subject Term: TEAMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519122 Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106732292
T1  - Alcohol intoxication induces greater reductions in brain metabolism in male than in female subjects.
AU  - Wang G
AU  - Volkow ND
AU  - Fowler JS
AU  - Franceschi D
AU  - Wong CT
AU  - Pappas NR
AU  - Netusil N
AU  - Zhu W
AU  - Felder C
AU  - Ma Y
Y1  - 2003/06//
N1  - Accession Number: 106732292. Language: English. Entry Date: 20040507. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; diagnostic images; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Instrumentation: Romberg Test; Stroop Test. Grant Information: US Dept of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886), and the NIAAA (Grant 1RO1 AA09481-01). NLM UID: 7707242. 
KW  - Ethanol -- Pharmacodynamics
KW  - Brain -- Drug Effects
KW  - Brain -- Metabolism
KW  - Glucose -- Metabolism
KW  - Sex Factors
KW  - Adult
KW  - Analysis of Variance
KW  - Behavior -- Drug Effects
KW  - Cardiovascular System -- Drug Effects
KW  - Comparative Studies
KW  - Descriptive Statistics
KW  - Female
KW  - Male
KW  - Mann-Whitney U Test
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Motor Activity -- Drug Effects
KW  - Neuropsychological Tests
KW  - Post Hoc Analysis
KW  - Self Report
KW  - Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 909
EP  - 917
JO  - Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research
JF  - Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research
JA  - ALCOHOLISM
VL  - 27
IS  - 6
CY  - Malden, Massachusetts
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
AB  - BACKGROUND: The mechanisms underlying the gender differences in alcohol drinking behavior and alcohol's effects are poorly understood and may reflect gender differences in brain neurochemistry. Alcohol decreases glucose metabolism in the human brain in a pattern that is consistent with its facilitation of GABAergic neurotransmission. We compared the regional changes in brain glucose metabolism during alcohol intoxication between female and male subjects. METHODS: Ten female and 10 male healthy controls were scanned with positron emission tomography and 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose twice: 40 min after placebo (diet soda) or alcohol (0.75 g/kg mixed with diet soda). RESULTS: Alcohol significantly and consistently decreased whole-brain metabolism. The magnitude of these changes was significantly larger in male (-25 +/- 6%) than in female (-14 +/- 11%; p < 0.005) subjects. Half of the female subjects had reductions in metabolism during intoxication that were significantly lower than those in male subjects. This blunted response in the female subjects was not due to differences in alcohol concentration in plasma, because these did not differ between the genders. In contrast, the self-reports for the perception of intoxication were significantly greater in female than in male subjects. The cognitive deterioration during alcohol intoxication, although not significant, tended to be worse in female subjects. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows a markedly blunted sensitivity to the effects of acute alcohol on brain glucose metabolism in female subjects that may reflect gender differences in alcohol's modulation of GABAergic neurotransmission. The greater behavioral effects of alcohol in female subjects despite the blunted metabolic responses could reflect other effects of alcohol, for which the regional metabolic signal may be hidden within the large decrements in metabolism that occur during alcohol intoxication.
SN  - 0145-6008
AD  - Medical Dept, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; gjwang@bnl.gov
U2  - PMID: 12824811.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doran, J.C.
AU  - Berkowitz, C.M.
AU  - Coulter, R.L.
AU  - Shaw, W.J.
AU  - Spicer, C.W.
T1  - The 2001 Phoenix Sunrise experiment: vertical mixing and chemistry during the morning transition in Phoenix
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 37
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2365
SN  - 13522310
AB  - A field experiment was carried out in Phoenix during June 2001 to examine the role of vertical mixing on the O3 chemistry of the boundary layer during the morning transition from stable to unstable atmospheric conditions. Surface instruments, instruments located on two floors of a 39 story building in downtown Phoenix, and an instrumented airplane were used to characterize the evolving chemistry in the lowest 650 m of the atmosphere. Remote sensing and in situ platforms were used to obtain detailed profiles of winds and temperatures during the early morning hours and for several hours after sunrise. The analysis presented in this paper focuses on vertical profiles of CO, O3, and NO/NOy measured on the building and their relationship to the morning boundary layer evolution over Phoenix. Some features of these profiles were found that are consistent with a simple conceptual picture of nighttime trapping of pollutants in a stable surface layer and a subsequent release the following morning. On some days, however, evidence of significant vertical mixing was found during the early morning hours well before the times expected for the development of convective mixing after sunrise. Possible causes include advection, street canyon turbulence, and large-scale convergence, but a satisfactory explanation for the observed evolution of the chemical profiles has not yet been found. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ozone layer
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - CO profiles
KW  - Morning transition
KW  - O3 profiles
KW  - Urban air quality
KW  - Vertical mixing
N1  - Accession Number: 9543969; Doran, J.C. 1; Email Address: christopher.doran@pnl.gov; Berkowitz, C.M. 1; Coulter, R.L. 2; Shaw, W.J. 1; Spicer, C.W. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2 : Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 3 : Battelle Columbus Operationsm, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH 43201, USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 17, p2365; Thesaurus Term: Ozone layer; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morning transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: O3 profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urban air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertical mixing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00134-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marland, Gregg
AU  - Pielke Sr., Roger A.
AU  - Apps, Mike
AU  - Avissar, Roni
AU  - Betts, Richard A.
AU  - Davis, Kenneth J.
AU  - Frumhoff, Peter C.
AU  - Jackson, Stephen T.
AU  - Joyce, Linda A.
AU  - Kauppi, Pekka
AU  - Katzenberger, John
AU  - MacDicken, Kenneth G.
AU  - Neilson, Ronald P.
AU  - Niles, John O.
AU  - Niyogi, Dev dutta S.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Pena, Naomi
AU  - Sampson, Neil
AU  - Xue, Yongkang
T1  - The climatic impacts of land surface change and carbon management, and the implications for climate-change mitigation policy
JO  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
JF  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 14693062
AB  - Strategies to mitigate anthropogenic climate change recognize that carbon sequestration in the terrestrial biosphere can reduce the build-up of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere. However, climate mitigation policies do not generally incorporate the effects of these changes in the land surface on the surface albedo, the fluxes of sensible and latent heat to the atmosphere, and the distribution of energy within the climate system. Changes in these components of the surface energy budget can affect the local, regional, and global climate. Given the goal of mitigating climate change, it is important to consider all of the effects of changes in terrestrial vegetation and to work toward a better understanding of the full climate system. Acknowledging the importance of land surface change as a component of climate change makes it more challenging to create a system of credits and debits wherein emission or sequestration of carbon in the biosphere is equated with emission of carbon from fossil fuels. Recognition of the complexity of human-caused changes in climate does not, however, weaken the importance of actions that would seek to minimize our disturbance of the Earth’s environmental system and that would reduce societal and ecological vulnerability to environmental change and variability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Pollution prevention
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Land use
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Land surface change
KW  - Land use change
KW  - Surface energy balance
N1  - Accession Number: 10058332; Marland, Gregg 1; Email Address: gum@ornl.gov; Pielke Sr., Roger A. 2; Email Address: pielke@atmos.colostate.edu; Apps, Mike 3; Email Address: mapps@nrcan.gc.ca; Avissar, Roni 4; Email Address: avissar@duke.edu; Betts, Richard A. 5; Email Address: richard.betts@metoffice.com; Davis, Kenneth J. 6; Email Address: davis@essc.psu.edu; Frumhoff, Peter C. 7; Email Address: pfrumhoff@ucsusa.org; Jackson, Stephen T. 8; Email Address: jackson@uwyo.edu; Joyce, Linda A. 9; Email Address: ljoyce@fs.fed.us; Kauppi, Pekka 10; Email Address: pekauppi@mappi.helsinki.fi; Katzenberger, John 11; Email Address: johnk@agci.org; MacDicken, Kenneth G. 12; Email Address: kmacdicken@yahoo.com; Neilson, Ronald P. 13; Email Address: rneilson@fs.fed.us; Niles, John O. 14; Email Address: joniles@socrates.berkeley.edu; Niyogi, Dev dutta S. 15; Email Address: dev_niyogi@ncsu.edu; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov; Pena, Naomi 16; Email Address: penan@pewclimate.org; Sampson, Neil 17; Email Address: rneilsampson@cs.com; Xue, Yongkang 18; Email Address: yxue@geog.ucla.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA; 2 : Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; 3 : Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, BC, Canada; 4 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; 5 : Met Office, Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction Bracknell, Berkshire, UK; 6 : Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; 7 : Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA, USA; 8 : Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA; 9 : Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA; 10 : University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; 11 : Aspen Global Change Institute, Aspen, CO, USA; 12 : Forestry Research and Development, Riau Forestry, Riau, Indonesia; 13 : USDA Forest Service, Corvallis, OR, USA; 14 : Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; 15 : Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, N.C. State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; 16 : Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Arlington, VA, USA; 17 : The Sampson Group Inc., Arlington, VA, USA; 18 : Geography Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p149; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Pollution prevention; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land surface change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land use change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy balance; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1469-3062(03)00028-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=10058332&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Filippo Giorgi
AU  - Xungqiang Bi
AU  - Yun Qian
T1  - Indirect vs. Direct Effects of Anthropogenic Sulfate on the Climate of East Asia as Simulated with a Regional Coupled Climate-Chemistry/Aerosol Model.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 376
SN  - 01650009
AB  - We intercompare a series of multi-year simulations with a coupled regional chemistry-climate model for east Asia to assess the relative importance of direct and indirect (Type I) effects of anthropogenic sulfate on the climate of the region. Both direct and indirect aerosol effects induce a negative radiative forcing that results in a cooling of the surface and in a decrease of precipitation. Under present day sulfur emissions, the direct aerosol effects prevail during the cold season, while the indirect effects dominate in the warm season (when cloudiness is maximum over the region). When both the direct and indirect effects are included, the surface cooling varies in the range of –0.1 to over –1 K throughout the region and extended areas of statistically significant cooling are found in all seasons except winter. The indirect effects largely dominate in inhibiting precipitation, especially during the summer. When doubling the sulfur emissions, the direct effects are substantially strengthened, while the indirect effects are only marginally affected. This indicates that the indirect effects over the region might be asymptotically approaching their maximum efficiency. Overall, the indirect effects appear necessary to explain the observed temperature record over some regions of China, at least in the warm season. A number of uncertainties need to be addressed, such as due to Type II indirect effects, modeling of the relationship between aerosol concentration and cloud optical properties, and contribution of aerosols other than anthropogenic sulfate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - East Asia
N1  - Accession Number: 20374031; Filippo Giorgi 1; Xungqiang Bi 1; Yun Qian 2; Affiliations: 1 : Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy; 2 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p345; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject: East Asia; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritto, Roland
AU  - Daley, Thomas M.
AU  - Majer, Ernest L.
T1  - Estimating subsurface topography from surface-to-borehole seismic studies at the Rye Patch geothermal reservoir, Nevada, USA
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
SN  - 03756505
AB  - A 3-D surface seismic reflection survey, covering an area of over 7.7 km2, was conducted at the Rye Patch geothermal reservoir (Nevada, USA) to explore the structural features that may control geothermal production in the area. In addition to the surface sources and receivers, a high-temperature three-component seismometer was deployed in a borehole at a depth of 1250 m within the basement below the reservoir, which recorded the waves generated by all surface sources. The objective of this study was to determine the subsurface structure of the reservoir based on this surface-to-borehole dataset. A total of 1959 first-arrival travel times were determined out of 2134 possible traces. Two-dimensional ray tracing was performed to simulate wave propagation from the surface sources to the receiver at depth. The ray tracing was based on a 2-D laterally homogeneous velocity model derived from results of a vertical-seismic-profile (VSP) experiment recorded in the same well. The method is an approximation where it is assumed that differences in travel time between the observed and modeled data are caused by structural deviations from a homogeneously layered model as estimated by the VSP profile, and thus are mapped into topographic changes at depth. The results indicate, to first order, the presence of two dominant geologic features. The first observation is consistent with the regional trend of the geologic units in the Basin and Range province with a north-south strike and dip to the west, as expected for this area west of the Humboldt Thrust Range. The second is a local feature in the form of an east–west ridge. The geometry of the structure is corroborated by results from a seismic-reflection survey, and by results of a gravity survey conducted in the area above the reservoir. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geophysics
KW  - Geothermal resources
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Nevada, USA
KW  - Seismics
KW  - Surface-to-borehole survey
N1  - Accession Number: 9791126; Gritto, Roland; Email Address: rgritto@lbl.gov; Daley, Thomas M. 1; Majer, Ernest L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Computational Seismology, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p275; Thesaurus Term: Geophysics; Thesaurus Term: Geothermal resources; Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nevada, USA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seismics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface-to-borehole survey; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-6505(03)00022-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9791126&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark ll, W.W.
AU  - Paolucci, E.
AU  - Cooper, J.
T1  - Commercial development of energy—environmentally sound technologies for the auto-industry: the case of fuel cells
JO  - Journal of Cleaner Production
JF  - Journal of Cleaner Production
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 09596526
AB  - The economic importance of energy and environmental issues is continuously increasing, affecting both process and product design in business. The energy crisis in California in 2001 made this basic issue universal. New technologies are expected to reduce pollution derived both from production processes and products, with costs that are still unknown and in competition with more mature technologies high. Nevertheless, until now there is still little, but growing knowledge concerning the process of technological innovation in the fields of energy and environment.In this paper we analyze the development of zinc air fuel cell (ZAFC) and its transfer from a research laboratory to potential mass production. ZAFC are a new ‘environmentally sound technology’, proven to have commercial value, that can be used for substituting internal combustion engines (ICEs) and meeting zero emission vehicles (ZEV) regulations. Although ZAFC performances are higher than traditional electric batteries ones, commercial costs are still high. Hence the pathway to mass production may come from stationary application of fuel cells for power.In contrast to the conventional ‘paradigmatic’ approach, we argue that the existing economic and organizational literature concerning technological innovation is not able to fully explain steps followed in commercializing energy—environmentally sound technologies. Existing models mainly consider adopting problems, which are due to market uncertainty, weak application, lack of a dominant design, and problems in reconfiguring existing organizational routines. Above all ‘market power’ exists in terms of control over technological innovation and its commercial application. Barriers are erected that prevent new technologies such as fuel cells from becoming adapted. Through pro-active government intervention, such as the case in California, new advanced technologies can move rapidly into the marketplace.From this discussion we draw some conclusions and issues for further research concerning policy making for sustaining the process of technological transfer and firms’ strategies in technological innovation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cleaner Production is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMMERCIALIZATION
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - Commercialization
KW  - Energy and environment finance
KW  - Fuel cell
N1  - Accession Number: 8997107; Clark ll, W.W. 1; Email Address: wclark13@aol.com; Paolucci, E. 2; Email Address: paolucci@mail.ecopro.polimi.it; Cooper, J. 3; Affiliations: 1: State of California, Governor’s Office of Research and Planning, 95814 Sacramento, CA, USA; 2: Politecnico di Torino-Production and Economics Department, Politecnico di Torino University, Torino, Italy; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p427; Thesaurus Term: COMMERCIALIZATION; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Commercialization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy and environment finance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00064-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=8997107&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HOCKING, ELIZABETH K.
AU  - MARTINO, LOU
T1  - EFFICACY OF CERCLA REMEDIES IN LIGHT OF FIVE-YEAR REVIEWS.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Systems
JF  - Journal of Environmental Systems
Y1  - 2003/06//2002-2003
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 298
PB  - Sage Publications Inc.
SN  - 00472433
AB  - Reviews of several remedies selected and implemented under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), as amended, revealed deficiencies in remedy protectiveness although the remedy had only been in place for five years. Many of these deficiencies should have been foreseeable, and therefore preventable, at the time the remedy was selected. Analysis of successes and deficiencies noted in the CERCLA five-year reviews highlights the pivotal role that monitoring plans and land use controls have in ensuring remedy protectiveness. The analysis demonstrated that remedy protectiveness assessments and remedy modification justifications depend on robust site and remedy monitoring plans as well as on adequately developed conceptual site models. Comprehensive understanding and inferences regarding past, present, and future land and resource use at the remedy selection stage can enhance remedy protectiveness because stakeholders can determine if land use controls are necessary and if they can be implemented and enforced. The findings from this analysis of five-year reviews of remedy protectiveness are applicable to initial remedy selection decisions and subsequent enhancements of their effectiveness through time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Systems is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - LAND use
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL law
KW  - LAND economics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - REMEDIES (Law)
N1  - Accession Number: 14611748; HOCKING, ELIZABETH K. 1; MARTINO, LOU 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Washington, DC; Issue Info: 2002-2003, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p279; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Thesaurus Term: LAND use; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL law; Thesaurus Term: LAND economics; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: REMEDIES (Law); NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wurtz, G. A.
AU  - Hranisavljevic, J.
AU  - Wiederrecht, G. P.
T1  - Photo-initiated energy transfer in nanostructured complexes observed by near-field optical microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 210
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
EP  - 343
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary We report an apertureless near-field optical study on nanostructured objects formed by J-aggregates adsorbed on silver (Ag) nanoparticles. Near-field images reveal that the enhanced near-field from the dressed particle's (DP) resonantly excited plasmon oscillation is efficiently absorbed by the J-aggregates. The sensitivity of the near-field images recorded at the harmonics of the probe vibration frequency suggests that the DP is releasing part of the absorbed energy radiatively upon interaction with the probe. The role of the probe in providing this new radiative relaxation channel is further confirmed as fluorescence from the J-aggregates on the particle is detected on the particle location only. We based the interpretation of our results on the near-field optical response from a bare Ag particle excited at the plasmon resonance as well as on far-field emission and transient absorption experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
KW  - Apertureless near-field optics
KW  - fluorescence
KW  - J-aggregate complex
KW  - metal
KW  - metallic nanoparticle
KW  - non-radiative relaxation channel
KW  - plasmon resonance
KW  - Radiative
N1  - Accession Number: 10131121; Wurtz, G. A. 1; Hranisavljevic, J. 1; Wiederrecht, G. P. 1; Source Information: Jun2003, Vol. 210 Issue 3, p340; Subject: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject: NANOPARTICLES; Subject: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject: FLUORESCENCE; Subject: PLASMONS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Apertureless near-field optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: J-aggregate complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: metallic nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-radiative relaxation channel; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasmon resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2003.01159.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=10131121&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakagawa, Seiji
AU  - Nihei, Kurt T.
AU  - Myer, Larry R.
AU  - Majer, Ernest L.
T1  - Three-dimensional elastic wave scattering by a layer containing vertical periodic fractures.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 113
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3012
EP  - 3023
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Elastic wave scattering off a layer containing a single set of vertical periodic fractures is examined using a numerical technique based on the work of Hennion et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87, 1861-1870 (1990)]. This technique combines the finite element method and plane wave method to simulate three-dimensional scattering off a two-dimensional fractured layer structure. Each fracture is modeled explicitly, so that the model can simulate both discrete arrivals of scattered waves from individual fractures and multiply scattered waves between the fractures. Using this technique, we examine changes in scattering characteristics of plane elastic waves as a function of wave frequency, angle of incidence, and fracture properties such as fracture stiffness, height, and regular and irregular spacing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - ELASTIC waves -- Scattering
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - LAYER structure (Solids)
N1  - Accession Number: 20818723; Nakagawa, Seiji 1; Email Address: snakagawa@lbl.gov; Nihei, Kurt T. 1; Myer, Larry R. 1; Majer, Ernest L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 113 Issue 6, p3012; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves -- Scattering; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: LAYER structure (Solids); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1572139
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20818723&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scalerandi, Marco
AU  - Agostini, Valentina
AU  - Delsanto, Pier Paolo
AU  - Van Den Abeele, Koen
AU  - Johnson, Paul A.
T1  - Local interaction simulation approach to modelling nonclassical, nonlinear elastic behavior in solids.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 113
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3049
EP  - 3059
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Recent studies show that a broad category of materials share "nonclassical" nonlinear elastic behavior much different from "classical" (Landau-type) nonlinearity. Manifestations of "nonclassical" nonlinearity include stress-strain hysteresis and discrete memory in quasistatic experiments, and specific dependencies of the harmonic amplitudes with respect to the drive amplitude in dynamic wave experiments, which are remarkably different from those predicted by the classical theory. These materials have in common soft "bond" elements, where the elastic nonlinearity originates, contained in hard matter (e.g., a rock sample). The bond system normally comprises a small fraction of the total material volume, and can be localized (e.g., a crack in a solid) or distributed, as in a rock. In this paper a model is presented in which the soft elements are treated as hysteretic or reversible elastic units connected in a one-dimensional lattice to elastic elements (grains), which make up the hard matrix. Calculations are performed in the framework of the local interaction simulation approach (LISA). Experimental observations are well predicted by the model, which is now ready both for basic investigations about the physical origins of nonlinear elasticity and for applications to material damage diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 20818727; Scalerandi, Marco 1; Email Address: scalerandi@polito.it; Agostini, Valentina 1; Delsanto, Pier Paolo 1; Van Den Abeele, Koen 2; Johnson, Paul A. 3; Affiliations: 1 : INFM, Dip. Fisica, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy; 2 : Interdisciplinary Research Center, Fac. of Science, K. U. Leuven Campus Kortrijk, E. Sabbelaan 53, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; 3 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Nonlinear Elasticity Group, MS D-443, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 113 Issue 6, p3049; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: MATRICES; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1570440
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20818727&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graves, Todd
AU  - Reese, C. Shane
AU  - Fitzgerald, Mark
T1  - Hierarchical Models for Permutations: Analysis of Auto Racing Results.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 98
IS  - 462
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
EP  - 291
SN  - 01621459
AB  - The popularity of the sport of auto racing is increasing rapidly, but its fans remain less interested in statistics than the fans of other sports. In this article, we propose a new class of models for permutations that closely resembles the behavior of auto racing results. We pose the model in a Bayesian hierarchical framework, which permits hierarchical specification and fully hierarchical estimation of interaction terms. We demonstrate the methodology using several rich datasets that consist of repeated rankings for a collection of drivers. Our models can potentially identify individuals racing in "minor league" divisions who have higher potential for competitive performance at higher levels. We also present evidence that one of the sport's more controversial figures, Jeff Gordon, is a statistically dominant figure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - AUTOMOBILE racing
KW  - MOTORSPORTS
KW  - SPORTS
KW  - AUTOMOBILE drivers
KW  - Bayesian hierarchical models
KW  - Bradley--Terry model
KW  - Markov chain Monte Carlo
N1  - Accession Number: 10292528; Graves, Todd 1; Email Address: tgraves@lanl.gov; Reese, C. Shane 2; Email Address: reese@stat.byu.edu; Fitzgerald, Mark 3; Email Address: fitz@math.cudenver.edu; Affiliations: 1: Technical Staff Member, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM87545; 2: Assistant Professor, Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602; 3: Assistant Professor, Mathematics Department, University of Colorado, Denver, Denver, CO 80217; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 98 Issue 462, p282; Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE racing; Subject Term: MOTORSPORTS; Subject Term: SPORTS; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE drivers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian hierarchical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bradley--Terry model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chain Monte Carlo; NAICS/Industry Codes: 711219 Other Spectator Sports; NAICS/Industry Codes: 711218 Other spectator sports; NAICS/Industry Codes: 713940 Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1198/016214503000053
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=10292528&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siddiqui, Afzal
T1  - Managing Electricity Reliability Risk Through the Forward Markets.
JO  - Networks & Spatial Economics
JF  - Networks & Spatial Economics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 263
SN  - 1566113X
AB  - In competitive electricity markets, the vertically integrated utilities that were responsible for ensuring system reliability in their own service territories, or groups of territories, often cease to exist. Typically, the burden falls to an independent system operator (ISO) to ensure that enough ancillary services (AS) are available for safe, stable, and reliable operation of the grid, defined, in part, as compliance with officially approved engineering specifications for minimum levels of AS. In order to characterize the behavior of market participants (generators, retailers, and an ISO) in a competitive electricity market with reliability requirements, we model a spot market for electricity and forward markets for both electricity and AS. By assuming that each participant seeks to maximize its expected utility of wealth and that all markets clear, we solve for the optimal quantities of electricity and AS traded in each market by all participants, as well as the corresponding market-clearing prices. We show that forward prices for both electricity and AS depend on expectations of the spot price, statistical aspects of system demand, and production cost parameters. More important, our model captures the fact that AS are essentially call options for electricity that can potentially be used just like any other derivative to manage risk within a competitive environment. We use data from the California electricity market to test our model's viability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Networks & Spatial Economics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power distribution -- Reliability
KW  - INDEPENDENT system operators
KW  - MARKET prices
KW  - ELECTRIC industries
KW  - INDUSTRIAL costs
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - Ancillary services
KW  - competitive electricity markets
KW  - pricing electricity derivatives
N1  - Accession Number: 86037386; Siddiqui, Afzal 1; Email Address: afzal@ieor.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, University of California and Electricity Market Studies, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94720 USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p225; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC power distribution -- Reliability; Thesaurus Term: INDEPENDENT system operators; Thesaurus Term: MARKET prices; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC industries; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL costs; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ancillary services; Author-Supplied Keyword: competitive electricity markets; Author-Supplied Keyword: pricing electricity derivatives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 39p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1023964003339
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=86037386&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - The Economics of Household Garbage and Recycling Behavior, Don Fullerton, Thomas C. Kinnaman (Eds.), Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, Hardback, 224 pp.; ISBN: 1-84064-718-3
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 255
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 9656222; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National, Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS 90-4000, 1, Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p255; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(02)00174-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9656222&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garten Jr., C. T.
AU  - Ashwood, T. L.
T1  - A Landscape Level Analysis of Potential Excess Nitrogen in East-Central North Carolina, USA.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 146
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 21
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The objective of this research was to arrive at an assessment of potential excess nitrogen (N) under different land cover categories in the Neuse River Basin (North Carolina, USA) on a seasonal basis. Data on five processes (atmospheric N deposition, fertilization, net soil N mineralization, plant uptake, and denitrification) that contribute to potential excess N under different land cover categories were obtained from a literature review. Factors were also estimated to apportion annual N fluxes among different seasons of the year. Potential excess N was calculated as the difference between inputs to and outputs from an inorganic N pool. If inputs exceeded outputs, then the difference was assumed to represent N at risk of loss from the landscape to surface receiving waters and groundwaters. Land covers that were classified as potential N sources were influenced by soil N inventories and rates of net soil N mineralization (which is a natural process). The results indicated that there are large land areas in the Neuse River Basin that could be classified as either a N source or a N sink. Such areas are potentially sensitive because future changes in land use, or small alterations in N fluxes, could convert areas that are essentially in balance with respect to N biogeochemistry into the N source or N sink category. In this respect, model predictions indicate that the timing of N inputs and outputs on the landscape can be a critical determinant of potential excess N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Mass budget (Geophysics)
KW  - Eutrophication
KW  - Limnology
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Algal blooms
KW  - environmental health
KW  - eutrophication
KW  - harmful algal blooms
KW  - landscape ecology
KW  - mass balance model
KW  - water pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 15204564; Garten Jr., C. T. 1; Email Address: gartenctjr@ornl.gov; Ashwood, T. L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 146 Issue 1-4, p3; Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Mass budget (Geophysics); Thesaurus Term: Eutrophication; Thesaurus Term: Limnology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental health; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Algal blooms; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental health; Author-Supplied Keyword: eutrophication; Author-Supplied Keyword: harmful algal blooms; Author-Supplied Keyword: landscape ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: mass balance model; Author-Supplied Keyword: water pollution; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, J.L.
AU  - Sloan, L.C.
AU  - Revenaugh, J.
AU  - Duffy, P.B.
T1  - Evaluation of Northern Hemisphere natural climate variability in multiple temperature reconstructions and global climate model simulations
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 09218181
AB  - The detection of anthropogenic climate change in observations and the validation of climate models both rely on understanding natural climate variability. To evaluate internal climate variability, we apply spectral analysis to time series of surface air temperature (SAT) from nine coupled general circulation model (GCM) simulations, three recent global paleotemperature reconstructions, and Northern Hemisphere (NH) instrumental records. Our comparison is focused on the NH due to the greater spatial and temporal coverage and validation of the available NH temperature reconstructions. The paleotemperature reconstructions capture the general magnitude of NH climate variability, but not the precise variance and specific spatial, temporal, or periodic signals demonstrated in the instrumental record. The models achieved varying degrees of success for each measure of variability analyzed, with none of the models consistently capturing the appropriate variability. In general, the models performed best in the analysis of combined mean annual land and marine variability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - climate
KW  - climate model
KW  - climate variability
KW  - spectral analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9602437; Bell, J.L. 1; Email Address: jbell@es.ucsc.edu; Sloan, L.C. 1; Revenaugh, J. 1; Duffy, P.B. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; 2 : Climate and Carbon Cycle Modeling Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1/2, p19; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate model; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral analysis; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00189-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9602437&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Covey, Curt
AU  - AchutaRao, Krishna M.
AU  - Cubasch, Ulrich
AU  - Jones, Phil
AU  - Lambert, Steven J.
AU  - Mann, Michael E.
AU  - Phillips, Thomas J.
AU  - Taylor, Karl E.
T1  - An overview of results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 09218181
AB  - The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) collects output from global coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation models (coupled GCMs). Among other uses, such models are employed both to detect anthropogenic effects in the climate record of the past century and to project future climatic changes due to human production of greenhouse gases and aerosols. CMIP has archived output from both constant forcing (“control run”) and perturbed (1% per year increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide) simulations. This report summarizes results form 18 CMIP models. A third of the models refrain from employing ad hoc flux adjustments at the ocean–atmosphere interface. The new generation of non-flux-adjusted control runs are nearly as stable as—and agree with observations nearly as well as—the flux-adjusted models. Both flux-adjusted and non-flux-adjusted models simulate an overall level of natural internal climate variability that is within the bounds set by observations. These developments represent significant progress in the state of the art of climate modeling since the Second (1995) Scientific Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; see Gates et al. [Gates, W.L., et al., 1996. Climate models—Evaluation. Climate Climate 1995: The Science of Climate Change, Houghton, J.T., et al. (Eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 229–284]). In the increasing-CO2 runs, differences between different models, while substantial, are not as great as one might expect from earlier assessments that relied on equilibrium climate sensitivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ocean-atmosphere interaction
KW  - Ocean circulation
KW  - climate
KW  - CMIP
KW  - GCM
N1  - Accession Number: 9602443; Covey, Curt 1; Email Address: covey1@llnl.gov; AchutaRao, Krishna M. 1; Cubasch, Ulrich 2; Jones, Phil 3; Lambert, Steven J. 4; Mann, Michael E. 5; Phillips, Thomas J. 1; Taylor, Karl E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail Code L-264, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 2 : Meteorologisches Institut, Free University, Berlin, Germany; 3 : Climatic Research Unit (CRU), University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; 4 : Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma), Victoria, Canada; 5 : Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1/2, p103; Thesaurus Term: Ocean-atmosphere interaction; Thesaurus Term: Ocean circulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMIP; Author-Supplied Keyword: GCM; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00193-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9602443&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Govindasamy, B.
AU  - Caldeira, K.
AU  - Duffy, P.B.
T1  - Geoengineering Earth's radiation balance to mitigate climate change from a quadrupling of CO2
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 09218181
AB  - It has been suggested that climate change induced by anthropogenic CO2 could be counteracted with geoengineering schemes designed to diminish the solar radiation incident on Earth''s surface. Though the spatial and temporal pattern of radiative forcing from greenhouse gases differs from that of sunlight, it was shown in a recent study that these schemes would largely mitigate regional or seasonal climate change for a doubling of the atmospheric CO2 content. Here, we examine the ability of reduced solar luminosity to cancel the effects of quadrupling of CO2 content. In agreement with our previous study, geoengineering schemes could markedly diminish regional and seasonal climate change. However, there are some residual climate changes: in the geoengineered 4×CO2 climate, a significant decrease in surface temperature and net water flux occurs in the tropics; warming in the high latitudes is not completely compensated; the cooling effect of greenhouse gases in the stratosphere persists and sea ice is not fully restored. However, these residual climate changes are much smaller than the change from quadrupling of CO2 without reducing solar input. Caution should be exercised in interpretation because these results are from a single model with a number of simplifying assumptions. There are also many technical, environmental and political reasons not to implement geoengineering schemes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - anthropogenic CO2
KW  - climate change
KW  - geoengineering
KW  - mitigation of climate change
N1  - Accession Number: 9602445; Govindasamy, B.; Email Address: bala@LLNL.GOV; Caldeira, K. 1; Duffy, P.B. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Climate and Carbon Cycle Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1/2, p157; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Solar radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: anthropogenic CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: geoengineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: mitigation of climate change; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00195-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=9602445&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Duffy, P.B.
T1  - Introduction
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - vii
SN  - 09218181
N1  - Accession Number: 9602435; Duffy, P.B. 1; Email Address: pduffy@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Climate and Carbon Cycle Modeling Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory L-103, P.O. Box 808 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;  Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1/2, pvii; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00187-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Schroeder, W.H.
AU  - Steffen, A.
AU  - Scott, K.
AU  - Bender, T.
AU  - Prestbo, E.
AU  - Ebinghaus, R.
AU  - Lu, J.Y.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
T1  - Summary report: first international Arctic atmospheric mercury research workshop
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 18
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 2551
SN  - 13522310
N1  - Accession Number: 9721229; Schroeder, W.H. 1; Steffen, A. 1; Email Address: alexandra.steffen@ec.gc.ca; Scott, K. 2; Bender, T. 3; Prestbo, E. 4; Ebinghaus, R. 5; Lu, J.Y. 6; Lindberg, S.E. 7; Affiliations: 1 : Environment Canada: Meteorological Service of Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto (Downsview), Ont., CanadaM3H 5T4; 2 : Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, CanadaR3T 2N2; 3 : Environment Canada-EPS, Place Vincent Massey, 351 St. Joseph Blvd., Hull, QC, CanadaK1A 0H3; 4 : Frontier Geosciences, 414 Pontius North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; 5 : GKSS Research Center, P.O. Box 1160, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany; 6 : Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5B 2K3; 7 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 18, p2551; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Proceeding
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00153-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonn, Bruce
AU  - Schmoyer, Richard
AU  - Wagner, Sarah
T1  - Weatherizing the homes of low-income home energy assistance program clients: a programmatic assessment
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
SN  - 03014215
AB  - The purpose of this project was to assess the relationships between two United States (US) federal-level programs that support low-income households, the Weatherization Assistance Program and the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). The study area for this project was Boston, Massachusetts, which is a representative of large northern urban areas in the US. Data were collected for three groups of households that received both weatherization and LIHEAP assistance and for one control group that only received LIHEAP assistance. The clearest impact of weatherization assistance on changes in LIHEAP assistance is shown in decreases in eligibility for high-energy benefits post-weatherization. A further statistical test also suggests that weatherization has a significant impact in reducing the overall needs for LIHEAP subsidies. However, it cannot be concluded that weatherization reduced the need for standard LIHEAP subsidies. Households in the sample that did drop out of the LIHEAP program had relatively higher incomes, younger household heads, and fewer years in home than those who stayed in the program. These demographics suggest that the households that dropped out of the program were more likely to experience income increases to make them ineligible for the program and were more likely to move out of the study area. Additionally, for no group for no time period did LIHEAP benefits cover all primary heating fuel bills. Thus, the overall conclusions of this study are that weatherization decreased the need for high-energy benefits but did not lead to low-income households relinquishing the need for standard LIHEAP benefits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY assistance for the poor
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 9164742; Tonn, Bruce 1,2; Email Address: bet@ornl.gov; Schmoyer, Richard 1; Wagner, Sarah 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environment Sciences Division, Building 4500N P.O. Box 2008, 37831-6207 Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 31 Issue 8, p735; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY assistance for the poor; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624229 Other Community Housing Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00124-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106721571
T1  - The experts speak. Dynamics of HIV infection.
AU  - Perelson AS
Y1  - 2003/07//
N1  - Accession Number: 106721571. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050507. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; interview. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 9607225. 
KW  - Antiviral Agents -- Pharmacodynamics
KW  - HIV Infections
KW  - Human Immunodeficiency Virus -- Physiology
KW  - HIV Infections -- Drug Therapy
KW  - HIV Infections -- Physiopathology
KW  - T Lymphocytes
KW  - Viral Load
SP  - 317
EP  - 320
JO  - AIDS Patient Care & STDs
JF  - AIDS Patient Care & STDs
JA  - AIDS PATIENT CARE STDS
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
CY  - New Rochelle, New York
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
SN  - 1087-2914
AD  - Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM
U2  - PMID: 12952732.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kszos, L. A.
AU  - Talmage, S. S.
AU  - Morris, G. W.
AU  - Konetsky, B. K.
AU  - Rottero, T.
T1  - Derivation of Aquatic Screening Benchmarks for 1,2-Dibromoethane.
JO  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 0066
EP  - 0071
SN  - 00904341
AB  - Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane or EDB) was primarily used in the United States as an additive in leaded gasoline and as a soil and grain fumigant for worm and insect control until it was banned in 1983. Historical releases of EDB have resulted in detectable EDB in groundwater and drinking wells, and recently concentrations up to 16 μg/L were detected in ground water at two fuel spill plumes in the vicinity of the Massachusetts Military Reservation Base on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Because the ground water in this area is used to flood cranberry bogs for the purposes of harvesting, the U.S. Air Force sponsored the development of aquatic screening benchmarks for EDB. Acute toxicity tests with Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), Daphnia magna, and Ceriodaphnia dubia were conducted to provide data needed for development of screening benchmarks. Using a closed test-system to prevent volatilization of EDB, the 48-h LC50s (concentration that kills 50% of the test organisms) for P. promelas, D. magna, and C. dubia were 4.3 mg/L, 6.5 mg/L, and 3.6 mg/L, respectively. The screening benchmark for aquatic organisms, derived as the Tier II chronic water quality criteria, is 0.031 mg EDB/L. The sediment screening benchmark, based on equilibrium partitioning, is 2.45 mg EDB/kg of organic carbon in the sediment. The screening benchmarks developed here are an important component of an ecological risk assessment, during which perhaps hundreds of chemicals must be evaluated for their potential to cause ecological harm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aquatic organisms
KW  - Ethylene dibromide
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Aquatic biology
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 16654484; Kszos, L. A. 1; Email Address: kszosla@ornl.gov; Talmage, S. S. 1; Morris, G. W. 1; Konetsky, B. K. 1; Rottero, T. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA.; 2 : AMEC Earth and Environmental, Inc., 6626 Central Avenue Pike, Knoxville, Tennessee 37912, USA.;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p0066; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic organisms; Thesaurus Term: Ethylene dibromide; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic biology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00244-002-0151-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baker, Arnold B.
T1  - Sandia National Laboratories.
JO  - Business Economics
JF  - Business Economics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
EP  - 73
PB  - Palgrave Macmillan Ltd.
SN  - 0007666X
AB  - Presents information on the roles of economists at Sandia National Laboratories, a U.S. Department of Energy multiprogram laboratory managed by Lockheed Martin Corp.  Scope of the research projects of Sandia; Importance of economists to science and technology in the U.S.; Significance of the development of dynamic simulation models for public policies; Background on the skills needed to be an economist at Sandia.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ECONOMISTS
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SCIENCE -- United States
KW  - POLITICAL planning
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
KW  - LOCKHEED Martin
N1  - Accession Number: 10450551; Baker, Arnold B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chief Economist, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p72; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMISTS; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SCIENCE -- United States; Subject Term: POLITICAL planning; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy ; Company/Entity: LOCKHEED Martin DUNS Number: 834951691 Ticker: LMT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1538
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Edelson, Eve
T1  - The 419 scam: information warfare on the spam front and a proposal for local filtering
JO  - Computers & Security
JF  - Computers & Security
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 392
SN  - 01674048
AB  - The infamous ‘419’ advance fee fraud scam is a major source of spam which takes its victims for hundreds of millions of dollars yearly. Email headers confirm that much of this traffic currently comes out of Lagos and Amsterdam. 419ers also create phony bank websites. Ad hoc information warfare has begun in which anti-scammers hijack these websites as well as scammers’ email accounts. Spam legislation will not stop these particular emails. Filtering outgoing mail, as close as practical to the source, could suppress that portion of the fraud carried out by email, at least in the short term. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Security is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPAM (Email)
KW  - EMAIL
KW  - LAGOS (Nigeria)
KW  - NIGERIA
KW  - African telecommunications industry
KW  - email headers
KW  - filter
KW  - fraud
KW  - information warfare
KW  - Nigeria
KW  - spam
KW  - VSAT
N1  - Accession Number: 10321132; Edelson, Eve 1; Email Address: ecedelson@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road MS 90-1060, Berkeley CA, 94720 USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p392; Thesaurus Term: SPAM (Email); Thesaurus Term: EMAIL; Subject: LAGOS (Nigeria); Subject: NIGERIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: African telecommunications industry; Author-Supplied Keyword: email headers; Author-Supplied Keyword: filter; Author-Supplied Keyword: fraud; Author-Supplied Keyword: information warfare; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nigeria; Author-Supplied Keyword: spam; Author-Supplied Keyword: VSAT; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-4048(03)00505-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=10321132&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, W. Bart
AU  - Sanstad, Alan H.
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
T1  - Contributions of weather and fuel mix to recent declines in US energy and carbon intensity
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
SN  - 01409883
AB  - A recent (1996–2000) acceleration of declines in energy and carbon intensity in the US remains largely unexplained. This study uses Divisia decomposition and regression to test two candidate explanations—fuel mix and weather. The Divisia method demonstrates that fuel mix does not explain the declines in carbon intensity. The fuel mix, both overall and for electricity generation, became slightly more carbon intensive over the study period (though the slight trend reversed before the end of the period). A regression-based correction to the Divisia indices, accounting for variation in heating- and cooling-degree-days, indicates that warmer weather accounts for approximately 30% of the total declines. This leaves declines of more than 2% per year (and an acceleration of more than 1% over the previous decade) remaining to be explained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Carbon emissions
KW  - Divisia
KW  - Energy consumption
N1  - Accession Number: 9950296; Davis, W. Bart 1,2; Email Address: wbdavis@lbl.gov; Sanstad, Alan H. 1; Email Address: ahsanstad@lbl.gov; Koomey, Jonathan G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Department, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p375; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divisia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy consumption; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0140-9883(02)00094-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Richard E.
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
T1  - Electricity use in California: past trends and present usage patterns
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 31
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 849
SN  - 03014215
AB  - This paper provides a general overview of electricity consumption and peak load in California, by both sector and end use. We examine the growth in electricity demand between 1980 and 2000, as well as the composition of electricity end uses in 1999. One of the main conclusions from this analysis is that electricity use in California in the 1990s did not grow explosively, nor was the amount of growth unanticipated. In both absolute and relative terms, growth in electricity use was greater in the 1980s than the 1990s. During the 1990s, most of the growth in electricity use has been in the buildings sector, particularly commercial buildings. In 2000, the building sector accounted for 2/3 of annual electricity consumption and 3/4 of the summer peak load. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power consumption
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - California
KW  - Electricity demand
KW  - Electricity end use
KW  - Peak load
N1  - Accession Number: 9231153; Brown, Richard E.; Email Address: rebrown@lbl.gov; Koomey, Jonathan G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Mail Stop 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 31 Issue 9, p849; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power consumption; Subject: CALIFORNIA; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: California; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity demand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity end use; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak load; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00129-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, John G.
T1  - Recovery of the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community in a Small Stream After Long-Term Discharges of Fly Ash.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 92
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Recovery of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in a small east Tennessee stream impacted by fly ash discharges from a power plant was investigated over a period of 6.5 years. The rate of recovery was greatest in the first 2 years after an initial 75% reduction in coal use led to a similar reduction in ash discharges and associated contaminants; further recovery followed after all fly ash discharges ceased. Recovery of the stream progressed through two phases. In the first phase, which lasted for approximately the first 2 years, most density and richness metrics increased considerably. In the second phase of recovery, the increases in metric values were followed by declines before fluctuating in and out of the lower reference ranges for the metrics. Detrended correspondence analyses and indicator species analyses showed that changes in species composition and community structure were ongoing throughout the second phase. Thus, the first phase was characterized by species additions, while the second phase involved species replacements and shifts in community dominants. Further recovery of the macroinvertebrate community will probably depend on additional flushing of fly ash deposits from the streambed and flood plain, because their continued presence reduces habitat quality in the stream and serves as a potential source of contaminants. Further recovery also may be limited by the availability of vagile species in nearby watersheds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Coal ash
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - Benthic macroinvertebrates
KW  - Biomonitoring
KW  - Community structure
KW  - Disturbance
KW  - Multivariate analysis
KW  - Recovery
N1  - Accession Number: 15311407; Smith, John G. 1; Email Address: smithjg@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, MS-6038, P.O. Box 2008, 37831, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p77; Thesaurus Term: Fly ash; Thesaurus Term: Coal ash; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Thesaurus Term: Rivers; Subject: Tennessee; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benthic macroinvertebrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomonitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Community structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recovery; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 007/s00267-003-2962-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Kemner, Kenneth M.
AU  - Burris, David R.
T1  - Effects of Ag[sup I], Au[sup III], and Cu[sup II] on the Reductive Dechlorination of Carbon Tetrachloride by Green Rust.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07//7/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2905
EP  - 2912
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Green rusts (GRs), mixed iron(II)/iron(III) hydroxide minerals found in many suboxic environments, have been shown to reduce a range of organic and inorganic contaminants, including several chlorinated hydrocarbons. Many studies have demonstrated the catalytic activity of transition metal species in the reduction of chlorinated hydrocarbons, suggesting the potential for enhanced reduction by GR in the presence of an appropriate transition metal catalyst. Reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride (CT) was examined in aqueous suspensions of GR amended with Ag[sup I], Au[sup III], or Cu[sup II]. The CT reduction rates were greatly increased for systems amended with Cu[sup II], Au[sup III], and Ag[sup I] (listed in order of increasing rates) relative to GR alone. Observed intermediates and products included chloroform, dichloromethane, chloromethane, methane, acetylene, ethene, ethane, carbon monoxide, tetrachloroethene, and various nonchlorinated C[sub 3] and C[sub 4] compounds. Product distributions for the reductive dechlorination of CT were highly dependent on the transition metal used. A reaction pathway scheme is proposed in which CT is reduced primarily to methane and other nonchlorinated end products, largely through a series of one-electron reductions forming radicals and carbenes/carbenoids. Recently, X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of aqueous GR suspensions amended with Ag[sup I], Au[sup III], or Cu[sup II] showed that the metals were reduced to their zerovalent forms. A possible mechanism for CT reduction is the formation of a galvanic couple involving the zerovalent metal and GR, with reduction of CT occurring on the surface of the metal and GR serving as the bulk electron source. The enhanced reduction of CT by GR suspensions amended with Ag[sup I], Au[sup III], or Cu[sup II] may prove useful in the development of improved materials for remediation of chlorinated organic contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - CARBON tetrachloride
KW  - CHLORINATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10770363; O'Loughlin, Edward J. 1,2; Email Address: oloughlin@anl.gov; Kemner, Kenneth M. 2; Burris, David R. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Air Force Research Laboratory, Florida; 2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory; 3: Integrated Science and Technology, Inc., Florida; Issue Info: 7/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 13, p2905; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: CARBON tetrachloride; Subject Term: CHLORINATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherepy, Nerine J.
AU  - Wildenschild, Dorthe
T1  - Electrolyte Management for Effective Long-Term Electro-Osmotic Transport in Low-Permeability Soils.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07//7/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3024
EP  - 3030
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Electro-osmosis, a coupled-flow phenomenon in which an applied electrical potential gradient drives water flow, may be used to induce water flow through fine-grained sediments. Test cell measurements of electro-osmotic transport in clayey cores extracted from the 27-31 m depth range of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory site indicate the importance of pH control within the anode and cathode reservoirs. In our first experiment, pH was not controlled. As a result, carbonate precipitation and metals precipitation occurred near the cathode end of the core, with acidification near the anode. The combination of these acid and base reactions led to the decline of electroosmotic flow by a factor of 2 in less than one pore volume. In a second experiment, long-term water transport (>21 pore volumes) at stable electro-osmotic conductivity (k[sub eo] ∼ 1 × 10[sup -9] m²/s-V) was effected with anode reservoir pH > 8, and cathode reservoir pH < 6. Hydraulic conductivity (k[sub h]) of the same core was 4 × 10[sup -10] m/s under a 0.07 MPa hydraulic gradient without electro-osmosis. Stable electro-osmotic flow was measured at a velocity of 4 × 10[sup -7] m/s under a 4 V/cm voltage gradient, and no hydraulic gradient—3 orders of magnitude greater than the hydraulic flow. We also observed chloroform production in the anode reservoir, resulting from electrochemical production of chlorine gas reacting with trace organics. The chloroform was transported electro-osmotically to the cathode, without measurable loss to adsorption, volatilization, or degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRO-osmosis
KW  - SOILS
N1  - Accession Number: 10770380; Cherepy, Nerine J. 1; Email Address: cherepyl@llnl.gov; Wildenschild, Dorthe 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; 2: Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Issue Info: 7/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 13, p3024; Subject Term: ELECTRO-osmosis; Subject Term: SOILS; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forestier, Marc
AU  - King, Paul
AU  - Zhang, Liping
AU  - Posewitz, Matthew
AU  - Schwarzer, Sarah
AU  - Happe, Thomas
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
AU  - Seibert, Michael
T1  - Expression of two [Fe]-hydrogenases in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under anaerobic conditions.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 270
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2750
EP  - 2758
SN  - 00142956
AB  - We have isolated and characterized a second [Fe]-hydrogenase gene from the green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . The HydA2 gene encodes a protein of 505 amino acids that is 74% similar and 68% identical to the known HydA1 hydrogenase from C. reinhardtii. HydA2 contains all the conserved residues and motifs found in the catalytic core of the family of [Fe]-hydrogenases. We demonstrate that both the HydA1 and the HydA2 transcripts are expressed upon anaerobic induction, achieved either by neutral gas purging or by sulfur deprivation of the cultures. Furthermore, the expression levels of both transcripts are regulated (in some cases differently) by incubation conditions, such as the length of anaerobiosis, the readdition of O2 , the presence of acetate, and/or the absence of nutrients such as sulfate during growth. Antibodies specific for HydA2 recognized a protein of about 49 kDa in extracts from anaerobically induced C. reinhardtii cells, strongly suggesting that HydA2 encodes for an expressed protein. Homology-based 3D modeling of the HydA2 hydrogenase shows that its catalytic site models well to the known structure of Clostridium pasteurianum CpI, including the H2 -gas channel. The major differences between HydA1, HydA2 and CpI are the absence of the N-terminal Fe-S centers and the existence of extra sequences in the algal enzymes. To our knowledge, this work represents the first systematic study of expression of two algal [Fe]-hydrogenases in the same organism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENASE
KW  - CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - anaerobic induction
KW  - gene expression
KW  - green algae
KW  - hydrogenase
KW  - sulfur deprivation
N1  - Accession Number: 10075564; Forestier, Marc 1; King, Paul 1; Zhang, Liping 1; Posewitz, Matthew 1; Schwarzer, Sarah 2; Happe, Thomas 2; Ghirardi, Maria L. 1; Seibert, Michael 1; Source Information: Jul2003, Vol. 270 Issue 13, p2750; Subject: HYDROGENASE; Subject: CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii; Subject: GENE expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: anaerobic induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: green algae; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: sulfur deprivation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03656
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilde, Torsten
AU  - Kohl, James A.
AU  - Flanery Jr., Raymond E.
T1  - Immersive and 3D viewers for CUMULVS: VTK/CAVE™ and AVS/Express
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 701
SN  - 0167739X
AB  - This paper will discuss the development of two viewer interfaces for the CUMULVS system, one for virtual reality (VR) visualization via ImmersaDesk™/CAVE™ systems, and one for 3D data visualization using the commercial component-based AVS/Express visualization environment. The CUMULVS (Collaborative, User Migration, User Library for Visualization and Steering) system, developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, is an essential platform for interacting with high-performance scientific simulation programs on-the-fly. It provides runtime visualization of data while they are being computed, as well as coordinated computational steering, application-directed checkpointing and fault recovery mechanisms, and rudimentary model coupling functions. CUMULVS consists of a set of cooperative libraries that enable the dynamic attachment of front-end “viewer” programs to running applications, for interactive visualization of extracted data snapshots using a variety of visualization tools. A development strategy will be presented for integrating CUMULVS with the given visualization libraries and environments, including discussion of the various data transformations and the visualization pipeline necessary for converting raw CUMULVS data into fully rendered graphical entities. In addition to the immersive VR CUMULVS viewer, an overview of the object-based AVS/Express CUMULVS viewer design will be presented, including discussion of the various components, modules, macros and user interfaces. A comparison will be made of the two viewer design approaches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Future Generation Computer Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER interfaces
KW  - VIRTUAL reality
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - CAVE™
KW  - CUMULVS
KW  - ImmersaDesk™
KW  - Immersive visualization
KW  - Scientific visualization
N1  - Accession Number: 9712319; Wilde, Torsten; Email Address: wildet@ornl.gov; Kohl, James A. 1; Flanery Jr., Raymond E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p701; Subject Term: COMPUTER interfaces; Subject Term: VIRTUAL reality; Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: CAVE™; Author-Supplied Keyword: CUMULVS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ImmersaDesk™; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immersive visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scientific visualization; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-739X(02)00179-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LINK, STEVEN O.
AU  - SMITH, JEFFREY L.
AU  - HALVORSON, JONATHAN J.
AU  - BOLTON, HARVEY
T1  - A reciprocal transplant experiment within a climatic gradient in a semiarid shrub-steppe ecosystem: effects on bunchgrass growth and reproduction, soil carbon, and soil nitrogen.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 9
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1097
EP  - 1105
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract We investigated the effect of climate change on Poa secunda Presl. and soils in a shrub-steppe ecosystem in south-eastern Washington. Intact soil cores containing P. secunda were reciprocally transplanted between two elevations. Plants and soils were examined, respectively, 4.5 and 5 years later. The lower elevation (310 m) site is warmer (28.5 °C air average monthly maximum) and drier (224 mm yr-1 ) than the upper elevation (844 m) site (23.5 °C air average monthly maximum, 272 mm yr-1 ). Observations were also made on undisturbed plants at both sites. There was no effect of climate change on plant density, shoot biomass, or carbon isotope discrimination in either transplanted plant population. The cooler, wetter environment significantly reduced percent cover and leaf length, while the warmer, drier environment had no effect. Warming and drying reduced percent shoot nitrogen, while the cooler, wetter environment had no effect. Culm density was zero for the lower elevation plants transplanted to the upper site and was 10.3 culms m-2 at the lower site. There was no effect of warming and drying on the culm density of the upper elevation plants. Culm density of in situ lower elevation plants was greater than that of the in situ upper elevation plants. Warming and drying reduced total soil carbon 32% and total soil nitrogen 40%. The cooler, wetter environment had no effect on total soil C or N. Of the C and N that was lost over time, 64% of both came from the particulate organic matter fraction (POM, > 53 µ m). There was no effect of warming and drying on the upper population of P. secunda while exposing the lower population to the cooler, wetter environment reduced reproductive effort and percent cover. With the warmer and drier conditions that may develop with climate change, total C and N of semiarid soils may decrease with the active fraction of soil C also rapidly decreasing, which may alter ecosystem... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soils & climate
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Bluegrasses (Plants)
KW  - Fecal incontinence
KW  - climate change
KW  - culm density
KW  - Poa secunda
KW  - shoot biomass
KW  - soil
N1  - Accession Number: 10106892; LINK, STEVEN O. 1; SMITH, JEFFREY L. 2; HALVORSON, JONATHAN J. 3; BOLTON, HARVEY 4; Affiliations: 1 : School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University Tri-Cities, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99352, USA,; 2 : United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA,; 3 : USDA-ARS, Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, 1224 Airport Road, Beaver, WV 25813-9423, USA,; 4 : Biogeochemistry, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 9 Issue 7, p1097; Thesaurus Term: Soils & climate; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Subject Term: Bluegrasses (Plants); Subject Term: Fecal incontinence; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: culm density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poa secunda; Author-Supplied Keyword: shoot biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00647.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chinkin, Lyle R.
AU  - Coe, Dana L.
AU  - Funk, Tami H.
AU  - Hafner, Hilary R.
AU  - Roberts, Paul T.
AU  - Ryan, Patrick A.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Weekday versus Weekend Activity Patterns for Ozone Precursor Emissions in California's South Coast Air Basin.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Evaluates the weekday versus weekend activity patterns for Ozone precursor emissions in California's South Coast Air Basin. Causes of weekend ozone effects; Differences between weekday and weekend emission activity patterns; Experimental observation of the above-mentioned analysis.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - California, Southern
N1  - Accession Number: 12528370; Chinkin, Lyle R. 1; Coe, Dana L. 1; Funk, Tami H. 1; Hafner, Hilary R. 1; Roberts, Paul T. 1; Ryan, Patrick A. 1; Lawson, Douglas R. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, California; 2 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject: California, Southern; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujita, Eric M.
AU  - Stockwell, William R.
AU  - Campbell, David E.
AU  - Keislar, Robert E.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Evolution of the Magnitude and Spatial Extent of the Weekend Ozone Effect in California's South Coast Air Basin, 1981-2000.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Presents the evolution of the magnitude and spatial extent of the weekend ozone in California's South Coast Air Basin. Weekend differences in the duration of ozone accumulation; Observation pertaining to ozone precursor emissions of nitric oxides; Assessment towards the effects of current and future ozone regulation.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Air bases
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12528368; Fujita, Eric M. 1; Stockwell, William R. 1; Campbell, David E. 1; Keislar, Robert E. 1; Lawson, Douglas R. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; 2 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Subject Term: Air bases; Subject: California; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujita, Eric M.
AU  - Campbell, David E.
AU  - Zielinska, Barbara
AU  - Sagebiel, John C.
AU  - Bowen, John L.
AU  - Goliff, Wendy S.
AU  - Stockwell, William R.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Diurnal and Weekday Variations in the Source Contributions of Ozone Precursors in California's South Coast Air Basin.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Studies the diurnal and weekday variations in the source contributions of Ozone precursors in California's South Coast Air Basin. Relationship between emission sources and ambient nonmethane diurnal; Weekend variations in the concentration and proportions of the precursor pollutants; Implications of the experimental analysis.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Atmospheric pressure -- Diurnal variations
KW  - California, Southern
N1  - Accession Number: 12528371; Fujita, Eric M. 1; Campbell, David E. 1; Zielinska, Barbara 1; Sagebiel, John C. 1; Bowen, John L. 1; Goliff, Wendy S. 1; Stockwell, William R. 1; Lawson, Douglas R. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; 2 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject Term: Atmospheric pressure -- Diurnal variations; Subject: California, Southern; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. SHERGUR
AU  - R. S. POPELKA
AU  - J. D. ROBERTSON
AU  - D. POLLACK
T1  - DISTINCT CHEMICAL PATTERNS IN LATE MISSISSIPPIAN CABORN-WELBORN CERAMICS OF THE LOWER OHIO RIVER VALLEY.
JO  - North American Archaeologist
JF  - North American Archaeologist
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 243
SN  - 01976931
AB  - Trace element analysis was conducted on ceramics from Mississippian Caborn-Welborn sites located in the lower Ohio River Valley. Elemental concentrations were measured for each sherd using both neutron activation analysis and particle-induced X-ray emission. By using principal components analysis and posterior discriminant analysis, it was possible to compositionally distinguish lower Ohio Valley ceramics from ceramic samples collected from archaeological sites located in the southeastern part of the United States. Similar statistical analyses applied to an examination of the elemental composition of Caborn-Welborn ceramics and their distribution within the Caborn-Welborn region documented minimal variation between the samples based on either site location or ceramic type. Ceramics classified as Caborn-Welborn as well as central Mississippi Valley types and Oneota-like sherds recovered from Caborn-Welborn sites appear to have been locally produced from similar clays. However, the clays used to produce ceramic vessels differed from those used as daub on house walls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of North American Archaeologist is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRACE elements
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - PROTON-induced X-ray emission
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - ARCHAEOLOGY & history
KW  - MISSISSIPPIAN culture
KW  - INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas
KW  - ARCHAEOLOGY
KW  - Ohio Valley, Lower
N1  - Accession Number: 13187502; J. SHERGUR 1; R. S. POPELKA 2; J. D. ROBERTSON 2; D. POLLACK 3; Affiliations: 1 : University of Maryland, College Park and, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; 2 : University of Missouri-Columbia; 3 : Kentucky Heritage Council, Frankfort;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p221; Historical Period: 1400 to 1700; Subject Term: TRACE elements; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: PROTON-induced X-ray emission; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Subject Term: ARCHAEOLOGY & history; Subject Term: MISSISSIPPIAN culture; Subject Term: INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas; Subject Term: ARCHAEOLOGY; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahan, A.H.
T1  - Hot wire chemical vapor deposition of Si containing materials for solar cells
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 09270248
AB  - A review of the hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) of Si-containing materials for solar cell applications is given. A short history of the technique is given, starting from the early 1970s up to the present time. This is followed by a summary of radical detection and gas phase interaction results aimed towards achieving a basic understanding of this process. Next, issues particular to HWCVD growth are presented. These deal mainly with the filament, and include different methods of mounting filaments, filament contamination issues, filament alloying and its effect on both filament lifetime and film properties, and substrate heating by the filament. Differences between PECVD and HWCVD growth are then summarized, and this is followed by examples of research results indicating unique film properties. Included in these examples are works on amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, silicon nitride, and a new technique for deposition of large grained poly Si by utilizing the etching of silicon by atomic hydrogen produced by the filament. Finally, the future prospects of HWCVD are briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Chemical vapor deposition
KW  - Filament
KW  - Growth
KW  - Vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 9907803; Mahan, A.H. 1; Email Address: harv_mahan@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1-4, p299; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Subject Term: Chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filament; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor deposition; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00440-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stradins, Paul
T1  - Light-induced degradation in a-Si:H and its relation to defect creation
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Light-induced degradation of the photoconductivity of hydrogenated amorphous silicon, a-Si:H, called the Staebler–Wronski effect (SWE) is caused by the creation of defects that act as recombination centers. The creation efficiency as well as its kinetics is essentially the same between 4 and 300 K despite drastic changes in the recombination processes. Defects are created with the same spin signature but with greatly different thermal stability and electron capture cross sections. There appears to be a strong link between the latter two properties. The creation-annealing hystereses of free carrier lifetime and defect concentration are explained. The SWE is reduced in high electric fields at 4.2 K suggesting the possible importance of non-radiative geminate recombinations. The validity of accepted rate equations for the SWE excited by cw and laser pulses is questioned. Evidence for long-lived (∼10 μs) precursors of SWE defect creation is presented. Problems with existing SWE models and understanding of defect capture properties are formulated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - Defect creation
KW  - Degradation
N1  - Accession Number: 9907805; Stradins, Paul 1; Email Address: pauls_stradins@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1-4, p349; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect creation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degradation; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00442-7
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Branz, Howard M.
T1  - The hydrogen collision model of metastability after 5 years: experimental tests and theoretical extensions
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
SN  - 09270248
AB  - This paper examines the hydrogen collision model of metastability in hydrogenated amorphous silicon nearly 5 years after its publication. A brief restatement of key model features and assumptions is followed by a review of recent, related, experimental and theoretical studies. Experimental tests and discoveries support several predictions and requirements of the model, including observation of (1) H pairing in the metastability final state, (2) a new timescale in defect creation, (3) an extremely high diffusion rate of mobile H and (4) room-temperature light-induced H motion. However, an experiment in a-SiGe:H casts doubt on the assumption of quasi-equilibration between the mobile H and dangling bonds. Theorists and modelers devised microscopic proposals for paired H in the metastability final state, but no entirely successful picture has emerged. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - Hydrogen collision
KW  - Metastability
N1  - Accession Number: 9907809; Branz, Howard M. 1; Email Address: hbranz@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : National Center for Photovoltaics, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1-4, p425; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen collision; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metastability; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00446-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biswas, R.
AU  - Pan, B.C.
T1  - Mechanisms of metastability in hydrogenated amorphous silicon
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We survey theoretical approaches to understanding the diverse metastable behavior in hydrogenated amorphous silicon. We discuss a recently developed network-rebonding model involving bonding rearrangements of silicon and hydrogen atoms. Using tight-binding molecular dynamics we find non-radiative recombination can break weak silicon bonds with low activation energies, producing dangling bond–floating bond pairs. The transient floating bonds annihilate generating local hydrogen motion and leaving behind isolated dangling bonds. Charged defects are also observed. Major experimental features of metastability including electron-spin resonance, <f>t1/3</f> kinetics, dangling-bond H anti-correlation, and hysteretic annealing are explained. In the second part we focus on large metastable structural changes observed in a-Si:H. We find H atoms have a local metastability involving the flipping of the H to the backside of the Si–H bond that results in a local increase of strain and increase of dipole moments. This naturally explains the larger infrared absorption found after light soaking, and may be related to other large structural changes in the network. Directions for future research are surveyed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Atomistic mechanisms
KW  - Infrared absorption
KW  - Metastability
KW  - Weak silicon bonds
N1  - Accession Number: 9907810; Biswas, R.; Email Address: biswasr@iastate.edu; Pan, B.C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Microelectronics Research Center and Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA;  Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1-4, p447; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Subject Term: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomistic mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metastability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weak silicon bonds; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00447-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKone, T.E.
AU  - Bennett, D.H.
T1  - Chemical-Specific Representation of Air-Soil Exchange and Soil Penetration in Regional Multimedia Models.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3123
EP  - 3132
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - In multimedia mass-balance models, the soil compartment is an important sink as well as a conduit for transfers to vegetation and shallow groundwater. Here a novel approach for constructing soil transport algorithms for multimedia fate models is developed and evaluated. The resulting algorithms account for diffusion in gas and liquid components; advection in gas, liquid, or solid phases; and multiple transformation processes. They also provide an explicit quantification of the characteristic soil penetration depth. We construct a compartment model using three and four soil layers to replicate with high reliability the flux and mass distribution obtained from the exact analytical solution describing the transient dispersion, advection, and transformation of chemicals in soil layers with different properties but a fixed boundary condition at the air-soil surface. The soil compartment algorithms can be dynamically linked to other compartments (air, vegetation, groundwater, surface water)in multimedia fate models. We demonstrate and evaluate the performance of the algorithms in a model with applications to benzene, benzo[a]pyrene, MTBE, TCDD, and tritium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL penetration test
KW  - MASS budget (Geophysics)
KW  - CROSS-media pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 10815262; McKone, T.E. 1,2; Email Address: TEMcKone@LBL.gov; Bennett, D.H. 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California; 2: School of Public Health, University of California; 3: Harvard School of Public Health, Massachusetts; Issue Info: 7/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 14, p3123; Subject Term: SOIL penetration test; Subject Term: MASS budget (Geophysics); Subject Term: CROSS-media pollution; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keller, Jason M.
AU  - Brusseau, Mark L.
T1  - In-Situ Characterization of Soil-Water Content Using Gas-Phase Partitioning Tracer Tests: Field-Scale Evaluation.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3141
EP  - 3144
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Field-scale tests were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the gas-phase partitioning tracer method for in-situ measurement of soil-water content. The tracer tests were conducted before and after a controlled infiltration event to evaluate performance at two water contents. Nonpartitioning (sulfur hexafluoride) and waterpartitioning (difluoromethane) tracers were injected into the test zone, and their effluent breakthrough curves were analyzed using the method of moments to calculate retardation factors for difluoromethane. Soil-water contents estimated using the tracer data were compared to soilwater contents obtained independently using gravimetric core analysis, neutron scattering, and bore-hole ground penetrating radar. For the test conducted under drier soil conditions, the soil-water content estimated from the tracer test was identical to the independently measured values of 8.6% (equivalent to water saturation of 23%). For the test conducted under wetter soil conditions, the tracer test derived soil-water content was 81% of the independently measured values of 12.2% (equivalent to water saturation of 32%). The reduced efficacy at the higher soil-water content may reflect the impact of advective and/ or diffusive mass transfer constraints on gas-phase transport. The results presented herein indicate that the partitioning tracer method is an effective technique to measure soil-water content at the field scale, especially for sites with moderate to low soil-water contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL moisture
KW  - SOIL testing
N1  - Accession Number: 10815264; Keller, Jason M. 1,2; Brusseau, Mark L. 1,3; Email Address: brusseau@ag.arizona.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Soil, Water, & Environmental Science, The University of Arizona; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, WA; 3: Department of Hydrology & Water Resources, The University of Arizona; Issue Info: 7/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 14, p3141; Subject Term: SOIL moisture; Subject Term: SOIL testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reeves, W. H.
AU  - Skryabin, D. V.
AU  - Biancalana, F.
AU  - Knight, J. C.
AU  - Russell, P. St. J.
AU  - Omenetto, F. G.
AU  - Efimov, A.
AU  - Taylor, A. J.
T1  - Transformation and control of ultra-short pulses in dispersion-engineered photonic crystal fibres.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/07/31/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6948
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
EP  - 515
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Photonic crystal fibres (PCFs) offer greatly enhanced design freedom compared to standard optical fibres. For example, they allow precise control of the chromatic dispersion (CD) profile-the frequency dependence of propagation speed-over a broad wavelength range. This permits studies of nonlinear pulse propagation in previously inaccessible parameter regimes. Here we report on spectral broadening of 100-fs pulses in PCFs with anomalously flat CD profiles. Maps of the spectral and spatio-temporal behaviour as a function of power show that dramatic conversion (to both longer and shorter wavelengths) can occur in remarkably short lengths of fibre, depending on the magnitude and shape of the CD profile. Because the PCFs used are single-mode at all wavelengths, the light always emerges in a fundamental guided mode. Excellent agreement is obtained between the experimental results and numerical solutions of the nonlinear wave equation, indicating that the underlying processes can be reliably modelled. These results show how, through appropriate choice of CD, nonlinearities can be efficiently harnessed to generate laser light at new wavelengths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARTZ fibers
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - FIBER optics
N1  - Accession Number: 10405848; Reeves, W. H. 1; Skryabin, D. V. 1; Biancalana, F. 1; Knight, J. C. 1; Russell, P. St. J. 1; Omenetto, F. G. 2; Efimov, A. 3; Taylor, A. J. 3; Source Information: 7/31/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6948, p511; Subject: QUARTZ fibers; Subject: DISPERSION; Subject: WAVE equation; Subject: FIBER optics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01798
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dioumaev, Vladimir K.
AU  - Bullock, R. Morris
T1  - A recyclable catalyst that precipitates at the end of the reaction.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/07/31/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6948
M3  - Article
SP  - 530
EP  - 532
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Homogeneous catalysts-which exist in the same (usually liquid) phase as reactants and products-are usually more selective than heterogeneous catalysts and far less affected by limitations due to slow transport of reactants and products, but their separation from reaction products can be costly and inefficient. This has stimulated the development of strategies that facilitate the recycling of homogeneous catalysts[SUP1-4]. Some of these methods exploit the preference of a catalyst for one of two solvents with thermoregulated miscibility[SUP5,6]; others exploit a dramatic decrease in catalyst solubility as one reagent is consumed[SUP7,8] or temperature changed after completion of the reaction[SUP9-14]. Here we describe a tungsten catalyst for the solvent-free hydrosilylation of ketones that retains its activity until essentially all of the liquid substrate is converted to liquid products, which we can then simply decant to separate the catalyst that precipitates from the products of the reaction. We attribute the ability of the catalyst to retain its solubility and hence activity until completion of the reaction to the transient formation of liquid clathrate[SUP15,16] that contains a few molecules of the substrate per molecule of the otherwise solid catalyst. Insights into the fundamental processes controlling the formation of this liquid clathrate might help to tailor other catalysts and substrates, so as to develop efficient and solvent-free schemes for reactions of practical interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - CLATHRATE compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 10405836; Dioumaev, Vladimir K. 1; Bullock, R. Morris 1; Source Information: 7/31/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6948, p530; Subject: CATALYSTS; Subject: SOLVENTS; Subject: CLATHRATE compounds; Subject: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject: CATALYSIS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01856
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Straume, T.
AU  - Rugel, G.
AU  - Marchetti, A. A.
AU  - Rühm, W.
AU  - Korschinek, G.
AU  - McAninch, J. E.
AU  - Carroll, K.
AU  - Egbert, S.
AU  - Faestermann, T.
AU  - Knie, K.
AU  - Martinelli, R.
AU  - Wallner, A.
AU  - Wallner, C.
T1  - Measuring fast neutrons in Hiroshima at distances relevant to atomic-bomb survivors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/07/31/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6948
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 542
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Data from the survivors of the atomic bombs serve as the major basis for risk calculations of radiation-induced cancer in humans[SUP1]. A controversy has existed for almost two decades, however, concerning the possibility that neutron doses in Hiroshima may have been much larger than estimated. This controversy was based on measurements of radioisotopes activated by thermal neutrons that suggested much higher fluences at larger distances than expected[SUP2-6]. For fast neutrons, which contributed almost all the neutron dose, clear measurements validation has so far proved impossible at the large distances (900 to 1,500 m) most relevant to survivor locations.[SUP6]. Here, the first results are reported for the detection of (63)Ni produced predominantly by fast neutrons (above about 1 MeV) in copper samples from Hiroshima. This breakthrough was made possible by the development of chemical extraction methods[SUP7,8] and major improvements in the sensitivity of accelerator mass spectrometry for detection of [SUP63]Ni atoms (refs 8-11). When results are compared with [SUP63]Ni activation predicted by neutron doses for Hiroshima survivors[SUP6], good agreement is observed at the distances most relevant to survivor data. These findings provide, for the first time, clear measurement validation of the neutron doses to survivors in Hiroshima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMIC bomb
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - JAPAN
N1  - Accession Number: 10405845; Straume, T. 1; Rugel, G. 2; Marchetti, A. A. 3; Rühm, W. 4; Korschinek, G. 5; McAninch, J. E. 3; Carroll, K. 3; Egbert, S. 6; Faestermann, T. 5; Knie, K. 5; Martinelli, R. 3; Wallner, A. 2; Wallner, C. 5; Source Information: 7/31/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6948, p539; Subject: NEUTRONS; Subject: ATOMIC bomb; Subject: HEALTH risk assessment; Geographic Terms: JAPAN; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01815
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lanmon, Dwight P.
AU  - Harlow, Francis H.
T1  - Reyes Galvan: A Master Zia Potter.
JO  - American Indian Art Magazine
JF  - American Indian Art Magazine
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
EP  - 59
SN  - 01929968
AB  - Summarizes the authors' research in retracing the life of Zia potter Reyes Galvan (1860-1934), identifying the stylistic evolution of her pottery and differentiating her work from that of other contemporaneous Zia (Pueblo Indian) potters in New Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Indian Art Magazine is the property of American Indian Art Magazine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTTERY
KW  - DECORATIVE arts
KW  - CULTURE
KW  - ZIA pottery
KW  - PUEBLO artists
KW  - INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - Pueblo Indians (Zia)
KW  - GALVAN, Reyes, 1860 or 1-1934
N1  - Accession Number: 33884471; Lanmon, Dwight P. 1,2; Harlow, Francis H. 3,4; Affiliations: 1 : Director emeritus of the Henry Francis duPont Winterthur Museum, Winterthur, Delaware; 2 : Research associate, Indian Arts Research Center of the School of American Research and the Museum of Indian Arts and Culture, Santa Fe, New Mexico; 3 : Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; 4 : Research associate of the Museum of Indian Arts and Culture, and of the Indian Arts Research Center of the School of American Research, Santa Fe, New Mexico;  Source Info: Autumn2003, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p48; Historical Period: 1870 to 1934; Subject Term: POTTERY; Subject Term: DECORATIVE arts; Subject Term: CULTURE; Subject Term: ZIA pottery; Subject Term: PUEBLO artists; Subject Term: INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas; Subject Term: DESIGN; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject: NEW Mexico; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 5 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, Julian D.
AU  - Riley, William J.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W
T1  - Intake fraction of primary pollutants: motor vehicle emissions in the South Coast Air Basin
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 3455
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The intake fraction is defined for a specific species and emission source as the ratio of attributable population intake to total emissions. Focusing on California''s South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) as a case study, we combine ambient monitoring data with time-activity patterns to estimate the population intake of carbon monoxide and benzene emitted from motor vehicles during 1996–1999. In addition to exposures to ambient concentrations, three microenvironments are considered in which the exposure concentration of motor vehicle emissions is higher than in ambient air: in and near vehicles, inside a building that is near a freeway, and inside a residence with an attached garage. Incorporating data on motor vehicle emissions estimated by the EMFAC2000 model, we estimate that the 15 million people in the SoCAB inhale 0.003–0.009% (34–85 per million, with a best estimate of 47 per million) of primary, nonreactive compounds emitted into the basin by motor vehicles. This population intake of primary motor vehicle emissions is approximately 50% higher than the average ambient concentration times the average breathing rate, owing to higher concentrations in the three microenvironments and also to the temporal and spatial correlation among breathing rates, concentrations, and population densities. The approach demonstrated here can inform policy decisions requiring a metric of population exposure to airborne pollutants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Automobile emissions
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - California
KW  - United States
KW  - Exposure assessment
KW  - Microenvironment
N1  - Accession Number: 10117613; Marshall, Julian D. 1,2; Riley, William J. 3; McKone, Thomas E. 2,4; Nazaroff, William W 2,5; Email Address: nazaroff@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3050, USA; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4 : Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA; 5 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710 USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p3455; Thesaurus Term: Automobile emissions; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Subject: California; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microenvironment; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00269-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marchetti, Alfredo A.
AU  - Knize, Mark G.
AU  - Chiarappa-Zucca, Marina L.
AU  - Pletcher, Ronald J.
AU  - Layton, David W.
T1  - Biodegradation of potential diesel oxygenate additives: dibutyl maleate (DBM), and tripropylene glycol methyl ether (TGME)
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 52
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
SN  - 00456535
AB  - The addition of oxygen-bearing compounds to diesel fuel considerably reduces particulate emissions. TGME and DBM have been identified as possible diesel additives based on their physicochemical characteristics and performance in engine tests. Although these compounds will reduce particulate emissions, their potential environmental impacts are unknown. As a means of characterizing their persistence in environmental media such as soil and groundwater, we conducted a series of biodegradation tests of DBM and TGME. Benzene and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) were also tested as reference compounds. Primary degradation of DBM fully occurred within 3 days, while TGME presented a lag phase of approximately 8 days and was not completely degraded by day 28. Benzene primary degradation occurred completely by day 3 and MTBE did not degrade at all. The total mineralized fractions of DBM and TGME achieved constant values as a function of time of ∼65% and ∼40%, respectively. Transport predictions show that, released to the environment, DBM and TGME would concentrate mostly in soils and waters with minimal impact to air. From an environmental standpoint, these results combined with the transport predictions indicate that DBM is a better choice than TGME as a diesel additive. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxygenated gasoline
KW  - Butyl methyl ether
KW  - Diesel fuels
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Aerobic
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Biotransformation
KW  - Fuel
KW  - MTBE
KW  - Recalcitrant
N1  - Accession Number: 9791094; Marchetti, Alfredo A.; Email Address: marchetti1@llnl.gov; Knize, Mark G. 1; Chiarappa-Zucca, Marina L. 1; Pletcher, Ronald J. 1; Layton, David W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-396, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;  Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 52 Issue 5, p861; Thesaurus Term: Oxygenated gasoline; Thesaurus Term: Butyl methyl ether; Thesaurus Term: Diesel fuels; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biotransformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: MTBE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recalcitrant; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00293-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howard Herzog
AU  - Ken Caldeira
AU  - John Reilly
T1  - An Issue of Permanence: Assessing the Effectiveness of Temporary Carbon Storage.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 310
SN  - 01650009
AB  - In this paper, we present a method to quantify the effectiveness of carbon mitigation options taking into account the `permanence' of the emissions reduction. While the issue of permanence is most commonly associated with a `leaky' carbon sequestration reservoir, we argue that this is an issue that applies to just about all carbon mitigation options. The appropriate formulation of this problem is to ask `what is the value of temporary storage?' Valuing temporary storage can be represented as a familiar economic problem, with explicitly stated assumptions about carbon prices and the discount rate. To illustrate the methodology, we calculate the sequestration effectiveness for injecting CO2 at various depths in the ocean. Analysis is performed for three limiting carbon price assumptions: constant carbon prices (assumes constant marginal damages), carbon prices rise at the discount rate (assumes efficient allocation of a cumulative emissions cap without a backstop technology), and carbon prices first rise at the discount rate but become constant after a given time (assumes introduction of a backstop technology). Our results show that the value of relatively deep ocean carbon sequestration can be nearly equivalent to permanent sequestration if marginal damages (i.e., carbon prices) remain constant or if there is a backstop technology that caps the abatement cost in the not too distant future. On the other hand, if climate damages are such as to require a fixed cumulative emissions limit and there is no backstop, then a storage option with even very slow leakage has limited value relative to a permanent storage option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Carbon -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Methodology
N1  - Accession Number: 20373894; Howard Herzog 1; Ken Caldeira 2; John Reilly 3; Affiliations: 1 : Lab for Energy and the Environment, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Bldg. E40-471, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. E-mail: hjherzog@mit.edu; 2 : Lawrence Livermore National Lab, 7000 East Ave, L-103, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.A. E-mail: kenc@llnl.gov; 3 : Joint Program for the Science and Policy of Global Change, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Bldg. E40-263, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. E-mail: jreilly@mit.edu;  Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p293; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Carbon -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: Methodology; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhijun Qiao
T1  - The Camassa-Holm Hierarchy, N-Dimensional Integrable Systems, and Algebro-Geometric Solution on a Symplectic Submanifold.
JO  - Communications in Mathematical Physics
JF  - Communications in Mathematical Physics
J1  - Communications in Mathematical Physics
PY  - 2003/08//
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 239
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 341
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00103616
AB  - This paper shows that the Camassa-Holm (CH) spectral problem yields two different integrable hierarchies of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs), one is of negative order CH hierachy while the other one is of positive order CH hierarchy. The two CH hierarchies possess the zero curvature representations through solving a key matrix equation. We see that the well-known CH equation is included in the negative order CH hierarchy while the Dym type equation is included in the positive order CH hierarchy. Furthermore, under two constraint conditions between the potentials and the eigenfunctions, the CH spectral problem is cast in: 1. a new Neumann-like N-dimensional system when it is restricted into a symplectic submanifold of ℝ2N which is proven to be integrable by using the Dirac-Poisson bracket and the r-matrix process; and 2. a new Bargmann-like N-dimensional system when it is considered in the whole ℝ2N which is proven to be integrable by using the standard Poisson bracket and the r-matrix process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Mathematical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUBMANIFOLDS
KW  - NONLINEAR evolution equations
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16794028; Source Information: Aug2003, Vol. 239 Issue 1/2, p309; Subject Term: SUBMANIFOLDS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR evolution equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 33p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1007/s00220-003-0880-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruggles-Wrenn, M.B.
AU  - Corum, J.M.
AU  - Battiste, R.L.
T1  - Short-term static and cyclic behavior of two automotive carbon-fiber composites
JO  - Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing
JF  - Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 731
SN  - 1359835X
AB  - The basic static (tensile, compressive, and in-plane shear) and fatigue properties, including temperature and fluid environment effects, for two carbon-fiber polymeric composites, produced by a rapid-molding process suitable for high volume automotive applications, are described. The two composites had the same urea/urethane matrix and were reinforced with stitch-bonded carbon-fiber mats, in a crossply layup in one case, and in a quasi-isotropic layup in the other. All properties were determined over a temperature range from −40 to 120 °C, and the degradation of the properties due to distilled water and windshield washer fluid was established. In all cases, two fiber orientations of the crossply, 0/90° and ±45°, relative to the specimen axes were addressed. As expected, matrix-dominated properties were degraded more by rising temperatures than were fiber-dominated properties. Fluid had only a modest effect in both cases. Basic fatigue behavioral characteristics were established through tensile fatigue tests over the temperature range of interest. An assessment of fatigue test results for the two composites revealed differences in a progressive loss in stiffness and an increase in permanent strain, both of which are indicative of increasing damage. In all cases, fatigue reduction factors were established to account for the effects of temperature and fluids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites: Part A, Applied Science & Manufacturing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FATIGUE
KW  - CARBON composites
KW  - URETHANE
KW  - A. Carbon fiber
KW  - A. Polymer-matrix composites
KW  - B. Fatigue
KW  - B. Mechanical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 10425894; Ruggles-Wrenn, M.B.; Email Address: rugglesmb@ornl.gov; Corum, J.M. 1; Battiste, R.L.; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory,<fn id="fn1">Oak Ridge National Labratory managed by UT- Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.</fn> Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8051, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 34 Issue 8, p731; Subject Term: FATIGUE; Subject Term: CARBON composites; Subject Term: URETHANE; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Carbon fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Polymer-matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Mechanical properties; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-835X(03)00137-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breckenridge, Arthurine
AU  - Pierson, Lyndon
AU  - Sanielevici, Sergiu
AU  - Welling, Joel
AU  - Keller, Rainer
AU  - Woessner, Uwe
AU  - Schulze, Juergen
T1  - Distributed, on-demand, data-intensive and collaborative simulation analysis
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 849
SN  - 0167739X
AB  - Distributed, on-demand, data-intensive, and collaborative simulation analysis tools are being developed by an international team to solve real problems such as bioinformatics applications. The project consists of three distinct focuses: compute, visualize, and collaborate. Each component utilizes software and hardware that performs across the International Grid. Computers in North America, Asia, and Europe are working on a common simulation programs. The results are visualized in a multi-way 3D visualization collaboration session where additional compute requests can be submitted in real-time. Navigation controls and data replication issues are addressed and solved with a scalable solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Future Generation Computer Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - DISTRIBUTED operating systems (Computers)
KW  - Bioinformatics applications
KW  - Collaborate
KW  - Compute
KW  - Data-intensive
KW  - Simulation analysis
KW  - Visualize
N1  - Accession Number: 10322740; Breckenridge, Arthurine 1; Email Address: arbreck@sandia.gov; Pierson, Lyndon 1; Email Address: lgpiers@sandia.gov; Sanielevici, Sergiu 2; Email Address: sergiu@psc.edu; Welling, Joel 2; Email Address: welling@psc.edu; Keller, Rainer 3; Email Address: keller@hlrs.de; Woessner, Uwe 3; Email Address: woessner@hlrs.de; Schulze, Juergen 3; Email Address: schulze@hlrs.de; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; 2: Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 3: High Performance Computing Center, Stuttgart, Germany; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p849; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED operating systems (Computers); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioinformatics applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collaborate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compute; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data-intensive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visualize; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-739X(03)00065-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=10322740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karonis, Nicholas T.
AU  - Papka, Michael E.
AU  - Binns, Justin
AU  - Bresnahan, John
AU  - Insley, Joseph A.
AU  - Jones, David
AU  - Link, Joseph M.
T1  - High-resolution remote rendering of large datasets in a collaborative environment
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 909
SN  - 0167739X
AB  - In a time when computational and data resources are distributed around the globe, users need to interact with these resources and each other easily and efficient. The Grid, by definition, represents a connection of distributed resources that can be used regardless of the user’s location. We have built a prototype visualization system using the Globus Toolkit, MPICH-G2, and the Access Grid in order to explore how future scientific collaborations may occur over the Grid. We describe our experience in demonstrating our system at iGrid2002, where the United States and the Netherlands were connected via a high-latency, high-bandwidth network. In particular, we focus on issues related to a Grid-based application that couples a collaboration component (including a user interface to the Access Grid) with a high-resolution remote rendering component. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Future Generation Computer Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - DISTRIBUTED resources (Electric utilities)
KW  - Access Grid
KW  - Globus Toolkit
KW  - GridFTP
KW  - MPI
KW  - MPICH-G2
N1  - Accession Number: 10322745; Karonis, Nicholas T. 1,2; Email Address: karonis@niu.edu; Papka, Michael E. 2,3; Email Address: papka@mcs.anl.gov; Binns, Justin 2; Bresnahan, John 2; Insley, Joseph A. 2; Jones, David 2; Link, Joseph M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 3: Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p909; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED resources (Electric utilities); Author-Supplied Keyword: Access Grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Globus Toolkit; Author-Supplied Keyword: GridFTP; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPI; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPICH-G2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-739X(03)00070-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=10322745&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allcock, W.
AU  - Bresnahan, J.
AU  - Bunn, J.
AU  - Hegde, S.
AU  - Insley, J.
AU  - Kettimuthu, R.
AU  - Newman, H.
AU  - Ravot, S.
AU  - Rimovsky, T.
AU  - Steenberg, C.
AU  - Winkler, L.
T1  - Grid-enabled particle physics event analysis: experiences using a 10 Gb, high-latency network for a high-energy physics application
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 983
SN  - 0167739X
AB  - This paper examines issues encountered attempting to exploit a high-bandwidth, high-latency link in support of a high-energy physics (HEP) analysis application. The primary issue was that the TCP additive increase/multiplicative decrease (AIMD) algorithm is not suitable for “long fat networks”. While this is a known problem, the magnitude of the impact on application performance was much greater than anticipated. We were able to overcome much of the impact, by altering the AIMD coefficients. Such an approach, of course, is non-TCP compliant, and there was insufficient time to test the network friendliness of these modifications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Future Generation Computer Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - TCP/IP (Computer network protocol)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - 10 GigE
KW  - Congestion avoidance
KW  - DataGrid
KW  - Networks
KW  - Web100
N1  - Accession Number: 10322752; Allcock, W. 1; Email Address: allcock@mcs.anl.gov; Bresnahan, J. 1; Bunn, J. 2; Hegde, S. 3; Insley, J. 1; Kettimuthu, R. 4; Newman, H. 2; Ravot, S. 2; Rimovsky, T. 5; Steenberg, C. 2; Winkler, L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 2: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA; 3: Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA; 4: The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; 5: National Center for Supercomputing Applications, Urbana, IL, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p983; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Thesaurus Term: TCP/IP (Computer network protocol); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 10 GigE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Congestion avoidance; Author-Supplied Keyword: DataGrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Web100; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-739X(03)00076-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=10322752&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tenma, Norio
AU  - Yasukawa, Kasumi
AU  - Zyvoloski, George
T1  - Model study of the thermal storage system by FEHM code
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 32
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 603
SN  - 03756505
AB  - The use of low-temperature geothermal resources is important from the viewpoint of global warming. In order to evaluate various underground projects that use low-temperature geothermal resources, we have estimated the parameters of a typical underground system using the two-well model. By changing the parameters of the system, six different heat extraction scenarios have been studied. One of these six scenarios is recommended because of its small energy loss. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geothermal resources
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Heat storage
KW  - FEHM
KW  - Model study
KW  - Open system
KW  - Thermal storage system
N1  - Accession Number: 11116179; Tenma, Norio 1; Email Address: tenma-n@aist.go.jp; Yasukawa, Kasumi 1; Zyvoloski, George 2; Affiliations: 1 : National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan; 2 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Science Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;  Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 32 Issue 4-6, p603; Thesaurus Term: Geothermal resources; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Heat storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEHM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Open system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal storage system; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-6505(03)00073-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=11116179&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kosteski, T.
AU  - Kherani, N.P.
AU  - Stradins, P.
AU  - Gaspari, F.
AU  - Shmayda, W.T.
AU  - Sidhu, L.S.
AU  - Zukotynski, S.
T1  - Tritiated amorphous silicon betavoltaic devices.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Circuits, Devices & Systems
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Circuits, Devices & Systems
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 150
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
SN  - 13502409
AB  - Focuses on tritiated amorphous silicon betavoltaic devices.  Deposition of tritiated amorphous silicon; Effusion of tritium; Measurement of photoluminescence.
KW  - AMORPHOUS semiconductors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - TRITIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10992872; Kosteski, T. 1; Kherani, N.P. 1; Stradins, P. 2; Gaspari, F. 1; Shmayda, W.T. 3; Sidhu, L.S. 4; Zukotynski, S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G4.; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA.; 3: Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA.; 4: Altera Corporation, 101 Innovation Drive, San Jose, CA 95134, USA.; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 150 Issue 4, p274; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS semiconductors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: TRITIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-cds:20030628
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=10992872&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Magri, R.
AU  - Zunger, A.
T1  - Theory of optical properties of segregated InAs/GaSb superlattices.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 150
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
EP  - 414
SN  - 13502433
AB  - Examines the effects of interfacial atomic segregration on the electronic and optical properties of InAs/GaSb superlattices.  Introduction of atomistic empirical pseudo-potential method; Ability of the method to predict band structure dependence on the detailed atomic configuration.
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11293362; Magri, R. 1; Zunger, A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica dell Materia, S³, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit&aacue; di Moena e Reggio Emilia, Italy; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 150 Issue 4, p409; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerbyson, D.J.
AU  - Hoisie, A.
AU  - Wasserman, H.J.
T1  - Modelling the performance of large-scale systems.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Software
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Software
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 150
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
SN  - 14625970
AB  - Focuses on the importance of performance modeling throughout the development, deployment and maintenance of system hardware and application software.  Details of the verification of performance during system installation; Way in which a performance model gave an expectation of the performance of ASCII IQ, a 1st system recently installed at Los Alamos, New Mexico; Comparison between ASCII IQ and the Earth Simulator
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - APPLICATION software
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - HARDWARE
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11090810; Kerbyson, D.J. 1; Hoisie, A. 1; Wasserman, H.J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Performance and Architectures Laboratory (PAL),  CCS-3, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM  87545, USA.; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 150 Issue 4, p214; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software development; Thesaurus Term: APPLICATION software; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: HARDWARE; Subject: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject: NEW Mexico; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 452991 Home and auto supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416330 Hardware merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238390 Other Building Finishing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332510 Hardware Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-sen:20030808
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=11090810&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham, Richard L.
AU  - Choi, Sung-Eun
AU  - Daniel, David J.
AU  - Desai, Nehal N.
AU  - Minnich, Ronald G.
AU  - Rasmussen, Craig E.
AU  - Risinger, L. Dean
AU  - Sukalski, Mitchel W.
T1  - A Network-Failure-Tolerant Message-Passing System for Terascale Clusters.
JO  - International Journal of Parallel Programming
JF  - International Journal of Parallel Programming
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 303
SN  - 08857458
AB  - The Los Alamos Message Passing Interface (LA-MPI) is an end-to-end network-failure-tolerant message-passing system designed for terascale clusters. LA-MPI is a standard-compliant implementation of MPI designed to tolerate network-related failures including I/O bus errors, network card errors, and wire-transmission errors. This paper details the distinguishing features of LA-MPI, including support for concurrent use of multiple types of network interface, and reliable message transmission utilizing multiple network paths and routes between a given source and destination. In addition, performance measurements on production-grade platforms are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Parallel Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - BUSES (Computers)
KW  - CRITICAL path analysis
KW  - PERFORMANCE standards
KW  - COMPUTER interfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 17039606; Graham, Richard L. 1; Email Address: rlgraham@lanl.gov; Choi, Sung-Eun 1; Email Address: sungeun@lanl.gov; Daniel, David J. 1; Email Address: ddd@lanl.gov; Desai, Nehal N. 1; Email Address: nehal@lanl.gov; Minnich, Ronald G. 1; Email Address: rminnich@lanl.gov; Rasmussen, Craig E. 1; Email Address: rasmussn@lanl.gov; Risinger, L. Dean 1; Email Address: deanr@lanl.gov; Sukalski, Mitchel W. 1; Email Address: mitch@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Advanced Computing Laboratory, MS-B287 Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p285; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: BUSES (Computers); Thesaurus Term: CRITICAL path analysis; Thesaurus Term: PERFORMANCE standards; Subject Term: COMPUTER interfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heyliger, Paul
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Sudook Kim
T1  - Elastic constants of natural quartz.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 114
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 644
EP  - 650
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The elastic constants of a natural-quartz sphere using resonance-ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) are measured. The measurements of the near-traction-free vibrational frequencies of the sphere are matched with the predicted frequencies from the dynamic theory of elasticity, with optimized estimates for the elastic constants driving the differences between these sets of frequencies to a minimal value. The present computational model, although based on earlier approaches, is the first application of RUS to trigonal-symmetry spheres. Quartz shows six independent elastic constants, and our estimates of these constants are close to those computed by other means. Except for C14 , after a 1% mass-density correction, natural quartz and cultured quartz show the same elastic constants. Natural quartz shows higher internal frictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARTZ
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - SOUND
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 20649060; Heyliger, Paul 1; Email Address: prh@engr.colostate.edu; Ledbetter, Hassel 2; Sudook Kim 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; 2 : Los Alamos National Laboratory (E536), Los Alamos, New Mexico; 3 : Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado;  Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 114 Issue 2, p644; Subject Term: QUARTZ; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1593063
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20649060&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ott, Wayne R.
AU  - Klepeis, Neil E.
AU  - Switzer, Paul
T1  - Analytical Solutions to Compartmental Indoor Air Quality Models with Application to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Concentrations Measured in a House.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 53
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Presents analytical solutions to compartmental indoor air quality models with application to environmental tobacco smoke concentrations measured in a house. Amount of pollutants emitted by environmental tobacco smoke sources such as cigarettes; Methods used to solve the mass balance equations for two interconnected compartments in the house; Utility of two-compartment models being presented in this article.
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Tobacco smoke pollution
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Air pollution standards
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Cigarette smoke
N1  - Accession Number: 12493753; Ott, Wayne R. 1; Klepeis, Neil E. 2,3; Switzer, Paul 4; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Statistics and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.; 2 : Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California.; 3 : Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.; 4 : Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California.;  Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 53 Issue 8, p1; Thesaurus Term: Indoor air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Tobacco smoke pollution; Thesaurus Term: Smoke; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution standards; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Cigarette smoke; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106690933
T1  - Diversity at the laboratory.
AU  - Rupert DR
Y1  - 2003/08//
N1  - Accession Number: 106690933. Language: English. Entry Date: 20040116. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0250641. 
KW  - Cultural Diversity
KW  - Management
KW  - Clinical Laboratories -- Administration
SP  - 577
EP  - 580
JO  - Laboratory Medicine
JF  - Laboratory Medicine
JA  - LAB MED
VL  - 34
IS  - 8
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0007-5027
AD  - Manager, Staffing Management and Diversity Programs, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Schultz, E. Eugene
T1  - The Sobig Worm Variants: Letter after letter from A-E
JO  - Network Security
JF  - Network Security
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 2003
IS  - 8
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 7
SN  - 13534858
AB  - A recent family of worms known as “Sobig” (but sometimes also known as “W32.Sobig,” “WORM_SOBIG,” “BigBoss,” and other names) has been infecting Windows systems connected to the Internet since 9 January of this year. Many versions of this worm have propagated prolifically, and numerous variants of this worm have appeared during the few months since the initial Sobig worm surfaced. This paper discusses the Sobig worm variants, how they differ from each other, considerations in responding to Sobig infections, and the implications of and “lessons learned” from Sobig’s constant onslaught. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Network Security is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER viruses
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
KW  - INTERNET
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - COMPUTER crimes
N1  - Accession Number: 10568943; Schultz, E. Eugene 1; Affiliations: 1: 0University of California/Berkeley Lab, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 2003 Issue 8, p7; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER viruses; Thesaurus Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); Thesaurus Term: INTERNET; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER crimes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S1353-4858(03)00807-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dhankher, Om Parkash
AU  - Shasti, Nupur A.
AU  - Rosen, Barry P.
AU  - Fuhrmann, Mark
AU  - Meagher, Richard B.
T1  - Increased cadmium tolerance and accumulation by plants expressing bacterial arsenate reductase.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 159
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 441
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental pollutant that poses a serious threat to natural ecosystems. However, most initial attempts to engineer phytoremediation of Cd have not succeeded in developing sufficient Cd tolerance for vigorous plant growth. • We found that the bacterial arsenate reductase gene (arsC ) provided Cd(II) resistance to Escherichia coli . When ArsC is overexpressed in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum ) and Arabidopsis thaliana , both transgenic plant species showed significantly greater Cd tolerance than wild-type controls. • At 50, 75, and 100 µm concentrations of Cd (II), the ArsC expressing transgenic lines grew bigger with broader leaves and longer roots than wild-type controls, which were stunted, turned yellow, flowered early, and often died. At the various Cd(II) concentrations, ArsC transgenic plants attained f. wt 2–3-fold higher than the wild-type plants and had roots significantly longer than wild-type plants. These transgenic plants also contained 30–50% higher Cd concentrations than wild-type plants. • It is likely that the arsC gene directs Cd tolerance via the electrochemical reduction of Cd(II) to Cd(0). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Phytoremediation
KW  - Biocompatibility
KW  - Arsenates
KW  - accumulation
KW  - Arabidopsis
KW  - ArsC
KW  - Arsenate reductase
KW  - cadmium (Cd) tolerance
KW  - phytoremediation
KW  - tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum )
N1  - Accession Number: 10203188; Dhankher, Om Parkash 1; Shasti, Nupur A. 1; Rosen, Barry P. 2; Fuhrmann, Mark 3; Meagher, Richard B. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;; 2 : Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;; 3 : Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA;  Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 159 Issue 2, p431; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Phytoremediation; Subject Term: Biocompatibility; Subject Term: Arsenates; Author-Supplied Keyword: accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arabidopsis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ArsC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arsenate reductase; Author-Supplied Keyword: cadmium (Cd) tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum ); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00827.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dolan, Elizabeth D.
AU  - Lewis, Robert Michael
AU  - Torczon, Virginia
T1  - ON THE LOCAL CONVERGENCE OF PATTERN SEARCH.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
JF  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 583
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10526234
AB  - We examine the local convergence properties of pattern search methods, complementing the previously established global convergence properties for this class of algorithms. We show that the step-length control parameter which appears in the definition of pattern search algorithms provides a reliable asymptotic measure of first-order stationarity. This gives an analytical justification for a traditional stopping criterion for pattern search methods. Using this measure of first-order stationarity we both revisit the global convergence properties of pattern search and analyze the behavior of pattern search in the neighborhood of an isolated local minimizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Optimization is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EXAMPLE
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - desultory rate of convergence
KW  - global convergence analysis
KW  - local convergence analysis
KW  - pattern search
KW  - stopping criteria
N1  - Accession Number: 13107618; Dolan, Elizabeth D. 1; Email Address: dolan@mcs.anl.gov; Lewis, Robert Michael 2; Email Address: buckaroo@math.wm.edu; Torczon, Virginia 3; Email Address: va@cs.wm.edu; Affiliations: 1: Industrial Engineering and Management Sciences, Northwestern University and Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL 60439--4844; 2: Department of Mathematics, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795; 3: Department of Computer Science, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p567; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EXAMPLE; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: desultory rate of convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: global convergence analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: local convergence analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern search; Author-Supplied Keyword: stopping criteria; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - S1052623400374495
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Osterwald, C.R.
AU  - McMahon, T.J.
AU  - del Cueto, J.A.
T1  - Electrochemical corrosion of SnO2:F transparent conducting layers in thin-film photovoltaic modules
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We report on a degradation mechanism in thin-film photovoltaic (PV) modules activated by damp heat and voltages similar in magnitude to those generated by PV modules in power generation systems. This mechanism, which appears to be an electrochemical process involving the soda-lime glass superstrate with its conductive SnO2:F layer, can be greatly accelerated by subjecting modules to elevated temperatures and humidity, both of which increase the leakage currents between the frame and the active PV layers. Water vapor can affect the module damage in two ways: (1) by enhancing leakage currents, and (2) by entering through the module edges, it appears to promote the chemical reaction responsible for the SnO2 corrosion. Damage has been found to occur in both a-Si and CdTe modules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Electric currents
KW  - Electrochemical analysis
KW  - Electrochemical corrosion
KW  - Leakage currents
KW  - Photovoltaics
KW  - Thin-film modules
KW  - Tin oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10504885; Osterwald, C.R.; Email Address: carl_osterwald@nrel.gov; McMahon, T.J. 1; del Cueto, J.A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA;  Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 79 Issue 1, p21; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic cells; Subject Term: Electric currents; Subject Term: Electrochemical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leakage currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin-film modules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin oxide; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00363-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knize, Mark G.
AU  - Salmon, Cynthia P.
AU  - Felton, James S.
T1  - Mutagenic activity and heterocyclic amine carcinogens in commercial pet foods
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003/08/05/
VL  - 539
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Twenty-five commercial pet foods were analyzed for mutagenic activity using the Ames/Salmonella test with strain TA98 and added metabolic activation. All but one gave a positive mutagenic response. Fourteen of these samples were analyzed for heterocyclic amine mutagens/carcinogens and all but one contained 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and 10 of 14 contained 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) as analyzed by HPLC and confirmed by photodiode array peak matching. From these findings it is hypothesized that there is a connection between dietary heterocyclic amines and cancer in animals consuming these foods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mutagenesis
KW  - Amines
KW  - Photodiodes
KW  - Carcinogen
KW  - Companion animal
KW  - Diet
KW  - Heterocyclic amine
KW  - Mutagen
KW  - Pet food
N1  - Accession Number: 10636641; Knize, Mark G.; Email Address: knizel@llnl.gov; Salmon, Cynthia P. 1; Felton, James S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;  Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 539 Issue 1/2, p195; Thesaurus Term: Mutagenesis; Thesaurus Term: Amines; Subject Term: Photodiodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carcinogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Companion animal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic amine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pet food; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-5718(03)00164-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Lishan
AU  - Lee, Lin
AU  - Kudlow, Brian A.
AU  - Dos Santos, Heloisa G.
AU  - Sletvold, Olav
AU  - Shafeghati, Yousef
AU  - Botha, Eleanor G.
AU  - Garg, Abhimanyu
AU  - Hanson, Nancy B.
AU  - Martin, George M.
AU  - Mian, I. Saira
AU  - Kennedy, Brian K.
AU  - Oshima, Junko
T1  - LMNA mutations in atypical Werner's syndrome.
JO  - Lancet
JF  - Lancet
Y1  - 2003/08/09/
VL  - 362
IS  - 9382
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
SN  - 00995355
AB  - Background Werner's syndrome is a progeroid syndrome  caused by mutations at the WRN helicase locus. Some  features of this disorder are also present in laminopathies  caused by mutant LMNA encoding nuclear lamin A/C.  Because of this similarity, we sequenced LMNA in individuals  with atypical Werner's syndrome (wild-type WRN).  Methods Of 129 index patients referred to our international  registry for molecular diagnosis of Werner's syndrome,  26 (20%) had wildtype WRN coding regions and were  categorised as having atypical Werner's syndrome on the  basis of molecular criteria. We sequenced all exons of LMNA  in these individuals. Mutations were confirmed at the mRNA  level by RT-PCR sequencing. In one patient in whom an LMNA  mutation was detected and fibroblasts were available, we  established nuclear morphology and subnuclear localisation.  Findings In four (15%) of 26 patients with atypical Werner's syndrome, we noted heterozygosity for novel missense  mutations in LMNA, specifically A57P, R133L (in two people),  and L140R. The mutations altered relatively conserved  residues within lamin A/C. Fibroblasts from the patient with  the L140R mutation had a substantially enhanced proportion  of nuclei with altered morphology and mislocalised lamins.  Individuals with atypical Werner's syndrome with mutations in  LMNA had a more severe phenotype than did those with the  disorder due to mutant WRN.  Interpretation Our findings indicate that Werner's syndrome  is molecularly heterogeneous, and a subset of the disorder  can be judged a laminopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Lancet is the property of Lancet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WERNER'S syndrome
KW  - SYNDROMES
KW  - PROGERIA
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - DISEASES
N1  - Accession Number: 10493431; Chen, Lishan 1; Lee, Lin 1; Kudlow, Brian A. 2; Dos Santos, Heloisa G. 3; Sletvold, Olav 4; Shafeghati, Yousef 5; Botha, Eleanor G. 6; Garg, Abhimanyu 7; Hanson, Nancy B. 1; Martin, George M. 1,8; Mian, I. Saira 9; Kennedy, Brian K. 8; Oshima, Junko 1; Email Address: picard@u.washington.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 2: Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 3: Medical Genetics Service, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal; 4: Section of Geriatrics, St Olav Hospital, Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 5: University of Welfare Science and Rehabilitation, Teheran, Iran; 6: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 7: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; 8: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 9: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Issue Info: 8/9/2003, Vol. 362 Issue 9382, p440; Subject Term: WERNER'S syndrome; Subject Term: SYNDROMES; Subject Term: PROGERIA; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: DISEASES; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4738
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balakirev, Fedor F.
AU  - Bells, Jonathan B.
AU  - Migliori, Albert
AU  - Ono, S.
AU  - Yoichi Ando, S.
AU  - Boehinger, Gregory S.
T1  - Signature of optimal doping in Hall-effect measurements on a high-temperature superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/08/21/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6951
M3  - Article
SP  - 912
SN  - 00280836
AB  - High-temperature superconductivity is achieved by doping copper oxide insulators with charge carriers. The density of carriers in conducting materials can be determined from measurements of the Hall voltage-the voltage transverse to the flow of the electrical current that is proportional to an applied magnetic field. In common metals, this proportionality (the Hall coefficient) is robustly temperature independent. This is in marked contrast to the behaviour seen in high-temperature superconductors when in the ‘normal’ (resistive) state; the departure from expected behaviour is a key signature of the unconventional nature of the normal state, the origin of which remains a central controversy in condensed matter physics. Here we report the evolution of the low-temperature Hall coefficient in the normal state as the carrier density is increased, from the onset of superconductivity and beyond (where superconductivity has been suppressed by a magnetic field). Surprisingly, the Hall coefficient does not vary monotonically with doping but rather exhibits a sharp change at the optimal doping level for superconductivity. This observation supports the idea that two competing ground states underlie the high-temperature superconducting phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HALL effect
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - GYRATORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 10613388; Balakirev, Fedor F. 1; Bells, Jonathan B. 1; Migliori, Albert 1; Ono, S. 2; Yoichi Ando, S. 2; Boehinger, Gregory S. 1; Source Information: 8/21/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6951, p912; Subject: HALL effect; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject: GYRATORS; Subject: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01890
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong, Joe
AU  - Krisch, Michael
AU  - Farber, Daniel L.
AU  - Occelli, Florent
AU  - Schwartz, Adam J.
AU  - Chiang, Tai-C.
AU  - Wall, Mark
AU  - Boro, Carl
AU  - Xu, Ruqing
T1  - Phonon Dispersions of fcc δ-Plutonium-Gallium byInelastic X-ray Scattering.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5636
M3  - Article
SP  - 1078
EP  - 1080
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report an experimental determination of the phonon dispersion curves in a face-centered cubic (fcc) δ-plutonium-0.6 weight % gallium alloy. Several unusual features, including a large elastic anisotropy, a small-shear elastic modulus C', a Kohn-like anomaly in the T[sub1][011] branch, and a pronounced softening of the [111] transverse modes, are found. These features can be related to the phase transitions of plutonium and to strong coupling between the lattice structure and the 5f valence instabilities. Our results also provide a critical test for theoretical treatments of highly correlated 5f electron systems as exemplified by recent dynamical mean field theory calculations for δ-plutonium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHONONS -- Scattering
KW  - GALLIUM alloys
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - PLUTONIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10736550; Wong, Joe 1; Email Address: wong10@llnl.gov; Krisch, Michael 2; Farber, Daniel L. 1; Occelli, Florent 1; Schwartz, Adam J. 1; Chiang, Tai-C. 3; Wall, Mark 1; Boro, Carl 1; Xu, Ruqing 3; Source Information: 8/22/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5636, p1078; Subject: PHONONS -- Scattering; Subject: GALLIUM alloys; Subject: ANISOTROPY; Subject: PLUTONIUM; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2358
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palenik, B.
AU  - Brahamsha, B.
AU  - Larimer, F. W.
AU  - Land, M.
AU  - Hauser, L.
AU  - Chain, P.
AU  - Lamerdin, J.
AU  - Regala, W.
AU  - Allen, E. E.
AU  - Mccarren, J.
AU  - Paulsen, I.
AU  - Dufresne, A.
AU  - Partensky, F.
AU  - Wehb, E. A.
AU  - Waterbury, J.
T1  - The genome of a motile marine Synechococcus.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/08/28/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6952
M3  - Article
SP  - 1037
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Marine unicellular cyanobacteria are responsible for an estimated 20-40% of chlorophyll biomass and carbon fixation in the oceans. Here we have sequenced and analysed the 2.4-megabase genome of Synechococcus sp. strain WH8102, revealing some of the ways that these organisms have adapted to their largely oligotrophic environment. WH8102 uses organic nitrogen and phosphorus sources and more sodium-dependent transporters than a model freshwater cyanobacterium. Furthermore, it seems to have adopted strategies for conserving limited iron stores by using nickel and cobalt in some enzymes, has reduced its regulatory machinery (consistent with the fact that the open ocean constitutes a far more constant and buffered environment than fresh water), and has evolved a unique type of swimming motility. The genome of WH8102 seems to have been greatly influenced by horizontal gene transfer, partially through phages. The genetic material contributed by horizontal gene transfer includes genes involved in the modification of the cell surface and in swimming motility. On the basis of its genome, WH8102 is more of a generalist than two related marine cyanobacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - PHOSPHORUS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - GENETIC transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 10692146; Palenik, B. 1; Email Address: bpalenik@ucsd.edu; Brahamsha, B. 1; Larimer, F. W. 2,3; Land, M. 2,3; Hauser, L. 2,3; Chain, P. 3,4; Lamerdin, J. 3,4; Regala, W. 3,4; Allen, E. E. 1; Mccarren, J. 1; Paulsen, I. 5; Dufresne, A. 6; Partensky, F. 6; Wehb, E. A. 7; Waterbury, J. 7; Source Information: 8/28/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6952, p1037; Subject: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject: BIOMASS; Subject: GENOMES; Subject: PHOSPHORUS; Subject: ENZYMES; Subject: GENETIC transformation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01943
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rocap, Cabrielle
AU  - Larimer, Frank W.
AU  - Lamerdin, Jane
AU  - Malfatti, Stephanie
AU  - Chain, Patrick
AU  - Ahlgren, Nathan A.
AU  - Arellano, Andrae
AU  - Coleman, Maureen
AU  - Hauser, Loren
AU  - Hess, Wolfgang R.
AU  - Johnson, Zackary I.
AU  - Land, Miriam
AU  - Lindell, Debbie
AU  - Post, Anton F.
AU  - Regala, Warren
AU  - Shah, Manesh
AU  - Shaw, Stephanie L.
AU  - Steglich, Claudia
AU  - Sullivan, Matthew B.
AU  - Ting, Claire S.
T1  - Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/08/28/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6952
M3  - Article
SP  - 1042
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The marine unicellular cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is the smallest-known oxygen-evolving autotroph. It numerically dominates the phytoplankton in the tropical and subtropical oceans, and is responsible for a significant fraction of global photosynthesis. Here we compare the genomes of two Prochlorococcus strains that span the largest evolutionary distance within the Prochlorococcus lineage and that have different minimum, maximum and optimal light intensities for growth. The high-light-adapted ecotype has the smallest genome (1,657,990 base pairs, 1,716 genes) of any known oxygenic phototroph, whereas the genome of its low-light-adapted counterpart is significantly larger, at 2,410,873 base pairs (2,275 genes). The comparative architectures of these two strains reveal dynamic genomes that are constantly changing in response to myriad selection pressures. Although the two strains have 1,350 genes in common, a significant number are not shared, and these have been differentially retained from the common ancestor, or acquired through duplication or lateral transfer. Some of these genes have obvious roles in determining the relative fitness of the ecotypes in response to key environmental variables, and hence in regulating their distribution and abundance in the oceans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 10692145; Rocap, Cabrielle 1; Larimer, Frank W. 2,3; Lamerdin, Jane 3; Malfatti, Stephanie 3; Chain, Patrick 3,4; Ahlgren, Nathan A. 1; Arellano, Andrae 3; Coleman, Maureen 5; Hauser, Loren 2,3; Hess, Wolfgang R. 6; Johnson, Zackary I. 5; Land, Miriam 2,3; Lindell, Debbie 5; Post, Anton F. 7; Regala, Warren 3; Shah, Manesh 2,3; Shaw, Stephanie L. 8; Steglich, Claudia 6; Sullivan, Matthew B. 9; Ting, Claire S. 10; Source Information: 8/28/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6952, p1042; Subject: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject: GENOMES; Subject: OXYGEN; Subject: GENES; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01947
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipman, Everett A.
AU  - Schuler, Benjamin
AU  - Bakajin, Olgica
AU  - Eaton, William A.
T1  - Single-Molecule Measurement of Protein Folding Kinetics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/08/29/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5637
M3  - Article
SP  - 1233
EP  - 1235
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - In order to investigate the behavior of single molecules under conditions far from equilibrium, we have coupled a microfabricated laminar-flow mixer to a confocal optical system. This combination enables time-resolved measurement of Förster resonance energy transfer after an abrupt change in solution conditions. Observations of a small protein show the evolution of the intramolecular distance distribution as folding progresses. This technique can expose subpopulations, such as unfolded protein under conditions favoring the native structure, that would be obscured in equilibrium experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - PROTEIN conformation
KW  - CONFORMATIONAL analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR rotation
N1  - Accession Number: 11209760; Lipman, Everett A. 1; Schuler, Benjamin 1,2; Bakajin, Olgica 3; Eaton, William A. 1; Email Address: eaton@helix.nih.gov; Source Information: 8/29/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5637, p1233; Subject: PROTEIN folding; Subject: PROTEIN conformation; Subject: CONFORMATIONAL analysis; Subject: MOLECULAR rotation; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2008
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DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.
AU  - Weaver, Virgina M.
AU  - Cadorette, Maureen
AU  - Puckett, Leslie G.
AU  - Schwartz, Brian S.
AU  - Wiggs, Laurie D.
AU  - Jankowski, Mark D.
AU  - Breysse, Patrick N.
T1  - Summary of Historical Beryllium Uses and Airborne Concentration Levels at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
JO  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 18
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 708
SN  - 1047322X
AB  - Beryllium operations and accompanying medical surveillance of workers at Los Alamos National Laboratory began in the 1940s. In 1999 a Former Workers Medical Surveillance Program that includes screening for chronic beryllium disease was initiated. As part of this program, historical beryllium exposure conditions were reconstructed from archived paper and electronic industrial hygiene data sources to improve understanding of past beryllium uses and airborne concentration levels. Archived industrial hygiene sampling reports indicated beryllium was principally used in technical areas-01 and -03, primarily being machined. Beryllium was also used at 15 other technical areas in activities that ranged from explosives detonation to the manufacture of X-ray windows. A total of 4528 personal breathing zone and area air samples for beryllium, combined for purposes of calculating summary statistics, were identified during the records review phase. The geometric mean airborne beryllium concentration for the period 1949-1989 for all technical areas was 0.04 μg Be/m 3 with 97 percent of all sample below the 2.0 μg Be/m 3 occupational exposure limit (OEL). Average beryllium concentrations per decade were less than 1 μg Be/m 3 and annual geometric mean concentrations in technical area-03, the largest user of beryllium, were generally below 0.1 μg Be/m 3 , indicating exposure was generally well-controlled, that is, below the OEL. Typical of many retrospective exposure assessments, not all archived data could be extracted and summarized. Despite this, we report a reasonable summary of potential beryllium uses and airborne concentration levels a worker may have encountered from 1949-1989. These data can be used to more effectively identify former worker populations at potential risk for chronic beryllium disease and to offer these workers screening as part of the Former Worker Medical Surveillance Program, and in the event that a case is diagnosed, help to understand historical exposure conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Chronic Beryllium Disease
KW  - Historical Exposure
KW  - Machining
N1  - Accession Number: 10573608; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. 1; Weaver, Virgina M. 1; Cadorette, Maureen 1; Puckett, Leslie G. 2; Schwartz, Brian S. 1; Wiggs, Laurie D. 2; Jankowski, Mark D. 2; Breysse, Patrick N. 1; Source Information: Sep2003, Vol. 18 Issue 9, p708; Subject: BERYLLIUM; Geographic Terms: NEW Mexico; LOS Alamos (N.M.); UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronic Beryllium Disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Historical Exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Machining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McEnerney, J.
AU  - Stengle, G.
T1  - An Algebraic Study of Affine Real Ultrafilters.
JO  - Communications in Algebra
JF  - Communications in Algebra
J1  - Communications in Algebra
PY  - 2003/09//
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 31
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4329
SN  - 00927872
AB  - The families of affine semi-algebraic sets over a real-closed field K and semi-linear sets over an ordered field enjoy many closure properties with algebraic and geometric significance. This paper studies the natural closure properies of Minkowski sums and scalar dilation. It gives an extension of the underlying vector space structure that enables the study of an arithmetic on the abstract points of their associated spectra. This arithmetic satisfies certain cancellation principles that motivates an investigation into an algebraic object weaker than a group and culminates with a version of the Jordan-Hölder theorem. With the subsequent definition of dimension we show that the collection of affine real ultrafilters in Kn is n-dimensional over the scalar ultrafilters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Algebra is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AFFINE algebraic groups
KW  - SEMIALGEBRAIC sets
KW  - ULTRAFILTERS (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10573401; Source Information: Sep2003, Vol. 31 Issue 9, p4329; Subject Term: AFFINE algebraic groups; Subject Term: SEMIALGEBRAIC sets; Subject Term: ULTRAFILTERS (Mathematics); Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 29p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1081/AGB-120022795
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Ibarria, Lawrence1
AU  - Lindstrom, Peter2
AU  - Rossignac, Jarek1
AU  - Szymczak, Andrzej1
T1  - Out-of-core compression and decompression of large n-dimensional scalar fields.
JO  - Computer Graphics Forum
JF  - Computer Graphics Forum
J1  - Computer Graphics Forum
PY  - 2003/09//
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
CP  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 348
SN  - 01677055
AB  - We present a simple method for compressing very large and regularly sampled scalar fields. Our method is particularly attractive when the entire data set does not fit in memory and when the sampling rate is high relative to the feature size of the scalar field in all dimensions. Although we report results for and data sets, the proposed approach may be applied to higher dimensions. The method is based on the new Lorenzo predictor, introduced here, which estimates the value of the scalar field at each sample from the values at processed neighbors. The predicted values are exact when the n-dimensional scalar field is an implicit polynomial of degree. Surprisingly,when the residuals (differences between the actual and predicted values) are encoded using arithmetic coding,the proposed method often outperforms wavelet compression in an sense. The proposed approach may be used both for lossy and lossless compression and is well suited for out-of-core compression and decompression,because a trivial implementation, which sweeps through the data set reading it once, requires maintaining only a small buffer in core memory, whose size barely exceeds a single ( n−1)- dimensional slice of the data. Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): I.3.5 [Computer Graphics]: Compression, scalar fields,out-of-core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
KW  - Scalar field theory
KW  - Polynomials
KW  - Calculus of tensors
KW  - Mathematical physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11280807; Authors: Ibarria, Lawrence 1; Lindstrom, Peter 2; Rossignac, Jarek 1; Szymczak, Andrzej 1; Affiliations:  1: *GVU Center, College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA;  2: †Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA.; Subject: Scalar field theory; Subject: Polynomials; Subject: Calculus of tensors; Subject: Mathematical physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Record Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1467-8659.00681
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burger, Joanna
AU  - Diaz-Barriga, Fernando
AU  - Marafante, Erminio
AU  - Pounds, Joel
AU  - Robson, Mark
T1  - Methodologies to examine the importance of host factors in bioavailability of metals
JO  - Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety
JF  - Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 56
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 01476513
AB  - Bioavailability provides a link between intrinsic toxicity and the ability to produce that toxic effect in an organism. Biomonitoring tools are essential to assess the health of ecosystems and their component parts, including humans. While field and laboratory data are available, two critical issues to our understanding of bioavailability are often missing: 1) knowing the relationship between dose and tissue concentrations, and 2) species extrapolations. Understanding of high to low dose extrapolation is also critical. Methods to understand the importance of host factors in bioavailability of metals must assess gender, age, nutritional status, individual variability, temporal changes, and critical habitat effects. Methods to examine these variables include correlational, observational, experimental, epidemiological, and modeling studies, or a combination of these. Data gaps include developing more representative studies of human and animal populations, better analytical tools for rapid determination of metal content in the field, improved analytical characterization of metal bioavailability, and concurrent studies of different metals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Ecosystem health
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Biomonitoring
KW  - Ecological receptors
KW  - Host
KW  - Metals
N1  - Accession Number: 10502565; Burger, Joanna 1; Email Address: burger@biology.rutgers.edu; Diaz-Barriga, Fernando 2; Marafante, Erminio 3; Pounds, Joel 4; Robson, Mark 5; Affiliations: 1 : Nelson Biological Laboratories, Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082, USA; 2 : Universidad Autonoma de San Lius Potosi, Facultad de Medicina, Av. Venustiano Carranza No. 2405, Col. Los Filtros, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico; 3 : Joint Research Centre, Environmental Institute, European Commission, Ispra, Varese 21020, Italy; 4 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS P7-58 - 902 Batelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA; 5 : University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;  Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 56 Issue 1, p20; Thesaurus Term: Bioavailability; Thesaurus Term: Ecosystem health; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomonitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological receptors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Host; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00047-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rothman, Jeffrey L.
AU  - Michta, Richard
T1  - Measure Nanoseconds With A PIC Microcontroller.
JO  - Electronic Design
JF  - Electronic Design
Y1  - 2003/09//9/01/2003
VL  - 51
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
EP  - 69
PB  - Penton Media, Inc.
SN  - 00134872
AB  - Discusses the importance of nanosecond interval timers in products. Product features; Measurement of pulse lengths; Linearity over the full dynamic range.
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - TIME measurements
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11464016; Rothman, Jeffrey L. 1; Email Address: jrothman@bnl.gov; Michta, Richard 2; Email Address: rmichta@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Accelerator diagnostics engineer, NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; 2: Accelerator controls engineer, NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Issue Info: 9/01/2003, Vol. 51 Issue 19, p68; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: TIME measurements; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buelna, G.
AU  - Lin, Y. S.
T1  - COMBINED REMOVAL OF SO2 AND NO USING SOL-GEL-DERIVED COPPER OXIDE COATED ALUMINA SORBENTS/CATALYSTS.
JO  - Environmental Technology
JF  - Environmental Technology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 24
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1087
EP  - 1095
SN  - 09593330
AB  - The present paper reports experimental results on the removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide from simulated flue gas using a copper oxide coated on alumina sorbent/catalyst prepared by the sol-gel method. Selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia over sol-gel derived CuO/γ-Al2O3 sorbents/catalysts with different degrees of sulfation was studied in a fixed-bed packed reactor. The optimum temperature for NO reduction was found at 350°C for both fresh and sulfated catalysts. The properties for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO by the sol-gel-derived CuO/γ-Al2O3 sorbents were studied using simulated dry flue gas. The optimum operating temperature for the combined deSO2/deNO operations was identified at 350 °C. At the space velocity of 5200 h-1 and 350°C, a fixed-bed reactor packed with the 7.9 wt% CuO/γ-Al2O3 sorbent prepared by the sol-gel method offers SO2 sorption capacity of 2.3 mmol g-1 and NO conversion of 92% with a dry simulated flue gas as the feed. Under these experimental conditions, the sol-gel derived sorbents/catalysts have comparable efficiency for removal of SO2 and NOx as their commercial counterparts. The significantly higher crush strength of the sol-gel derived sorbents/catalysts make them very promising for their use in the copper oxide process for combined removal of SO2 and NOx from flue gas in a single unit operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Flue gases -- Desulfurization
KW  - Sulfur dioxide
KW  - Nitric oxide
KW  - Ammonia
KW  - Copper oxide
KW  - Somatomedin
KW  - γ-Al2O3
KW  - CuO
KW  - deNOx
KW  - deSOx
KW  - selective catalytic reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 51910249; Buelna, G. 1; Lin, Y. S. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, Chemical and Biological Technologies Department, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0734, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0734, USA; 2 : Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Oh, 45221-0171, USA;  Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 24 Issue 9, p1087; Thesaurus Term: Flue gases -- Desulfurization; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Nitric oxide; Thesaurus Term: Ammonia; Subject Term: Copper oxide; Subject Term: Somatomedin; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: CuO; Author-Supplied Keyword: deNOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: deSOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: selective catalytic reduction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rowe, Harold D.
AU  - Guilderson, Thomas P.
AU  - Dunbar, Robert B.
AU  - Southon, John R.
AU  - Seltzer, Geoffrey O.
AU  - Mucciarone, David A.
AU  - Fritz, Sherilyn C.
AU  - Baker, Paul A.
T1  - Late Quaternary lake-level changes constrained by radiocarbon and stable isotope studies on sediment cores from Lake Titicaca, South America
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 09218181
AB  - We present and compare AMS-14C geochronologies for sediment cores recovered from Lake Titicaca, South America. Radiocarbon dates from three core sites constrain the timing of late Quaternary paleoenvironmental changes in the Central Andes and highlight the site-specific factors that limit the radiocarbon geochronometer. With the exception of mid-Holocene sediments, all cores are generally devoid of macrophyte fragments, thus bulk organic fractions are used to build core chronologies. Comparisons of radiocarbon results for chemically defined fractions (bulk decalcified, humate, humin) suggest that ages derived from all fractions are generally coherent in the post-13,500 yr BP time interval. In the pre-13,500 yr BP time interval, ages derived from humate extracts are significantly younger (300–7000 years) than ages from paired humin residues. Gross age incoherencies between paired humate and humin sub-fractions in pre-13,500 yr BP sediments from all core sites probably reflect the net downward migration of humates. Ages derived from bulk decalcified fractions at our shallow water (90 m) and deep water (230 m) core sites consistently fall between ages derived from humate and humin sub-fractions in the pre-13,500 yr BP interval, reflecting that the bulk decalcified fraction is predominantly a mixture of humate and humin sub-fractions. Bulk decalcified ages from the pre-13,500 yr BP interval at our intermediate depth core site (150 m) are consistently older than humate (youngest) and humin sub-fractions. This uniform, reproducible pattern can be explained by the mobilization of a relatively older organic sub-fraction during and after the re-acidification step following the alkaline treatment of the bulk sediment. The inferred existence of this ‘alkali-mobile, acid-soluble’ sub-fraction implies a different depositional/post-depositional history that is potentially associated with a difference in source material. While internally consistent geochronologies can be developed for the Lake Titicaca sequence using different organic fractions, mobile organic sub-fractions and fractions containing mobile sub-fractions should generally be avoided in geochronology studies. Consequently, we believe humin and/or bulk decalcified ages provide the most consistent chronologies for the post-13,500 yr BP interval, and humin ages provide the most representative ages for sedimentation prior to 13,500 yr BP interval.Using the age model derived from the deep water core site and a previously published isotope-based lake-level reconstruction, we present a qualitative record of lake level in the context of several ice-core records from the western hemisphere. We find the latest Pleistocene lake-level response to changing insolation began during or just prior to the Bølling/Allerød period. Using the isotope-based lake-level reconstruction, we also find the 85-m drop in lake level that occurred during the mid-Holocene was synchronous with an increase in the variability of ice-core δ18O from a nearby icecap, but was not reflected in any of the polar ice-core records recovered from the interior of Antarctica and Greenland. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Titicaca, Lake (Peru & Bolivia)
KW  - Peru
KW  - Bolivia
KW  - South America
KW  - Humate
KW  - Humin
KW  - Lake sediments
KW  - Paleoclimate
KW  - Radiocarbon
N1  - Accession Number: 10806097; Rowe, Harold D. 1,2; Email Address: hrowe@uky.edu; Guilderson, Thomas P. 3,4; Email Address: guilderson1@llnl.gov; Dunbar, Robert B. 1; Email Address: dunbar@pangea.stanford.edu; Southon, John R. 3; Email Address: southon1@llnl.gov; Seltzer, Geoffrey O. 5; Email Address: goseltze@mailbox.syr.edu; Mucciarone, David A. 1; Email Address: dam@pangea.stanford.edu; Fritz, Sherilyn C. 6; Email Address: sfritz2@unl.edu; Baker, Paul A. 7; Email Address: pbaker@geo.duke.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Bldg. 320, Rm. 118, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, USA; 2 : Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, SES Bldg., MC-186, 845 West Taylor Avenue, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA; 3 : Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 4 : Department of Ocean Sciences and Institute of Marine Sciences, Earth and Marine Sciences Bldg., Rm. A316, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; 5 : Department of Earth Sciences, 204 Heroy Geology Laboratory, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1070, USA; 6 : Department of Geosciences, 214 Bessey Hall, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0340, USA; 7 : Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Duke University, Box 90227, Durham, NC 27708-0227, USA;  Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 38 Issue 3/4, p273; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Titicaca, Lake (Peru & Bolivia); Subject: Peru; Subject: Bolivia; Subject: South America; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lake sediments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paleoclimate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiocarbon; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(03)00031-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixon, W.E.
AU  - Chen, J.
T1  - Comments on 'A Composite Energy Function-Based Learning Control Approach for Nonlinear Systems With Time-Varying Parametric Uncertainties'.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 48
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1671
EP  - 1672
SN  - 00189286
AB  - In the above paper, a composite energy function learning control approach was proposed to asymptotically eliminate the mismatch between the desired and actual periodic trajectory of a system. Upon review of this result, there appear to be several philosophical and technical issues that invalidate the result including the use of a resettling condition and the lack of boundedness of the learning estimate. The intent of this comment is to highlight these technical errors, especially since the boundedness of the learning estimate has historically been a problematic issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - NONLINEAR systems
N1  - Accession Number: 10962245; Dixon, W.E. 1; Email Address: dixonwe@ornl.gov; Chen, J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Engineering Science an Technology Division, Robotics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 48 Issue 9, p1671; Thesaurus Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: NONLINEAR systems; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanchuan Peng
AU  - Fuhui Long
AU  - Zheru Chi
T1  - Document Image Recognition Based on Template Matching of Component Block Projections.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence
PY  - 2003/09//
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1188
EP  - 1192
SN  - 01628828
AB  - Document Image Recognition (DIR), a very useful technique in office automation and digital library applications, is to find the most similar template for any input document image in a prestored template document image data set. Existing methods use both local features and global layout information. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm based on the global matching of Component Block Projections (CBP), which are the concatenated directional projection vectors of the component blocks of a document image. Compared to those existing methods, CBP-based template-matching methods possess two major advantages: 1) The spatial relationship among the component blocks of a document image is better represented, hence a very high matching accuracy can be obtained even for a large template set and seriously distorted input images; and 2) the effective matching distance of each template and the triangle inequality are proposed to significantly reduce the computational cost. Our experimental results confirm these advantages and show that the CBP-based template-matching methods are very suitable for DIR applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOCUMENT imaging systems
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 10783969; Source Information: Sep2003, Vol. 25 Issue 9, p1188; Subject Term: DOCUMENT imaging systems; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 5p; ; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 4 Charts; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - High-Peak-Power Fuel Cells.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes a strategy to hybridize polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC).  Utilization of an amorphous hydrated ruthenium dioxide supercapacitive sublayer; Performance of the hybridized PEMFC; Fuel efficiency and cathode operation of PEMFC.
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - RUTHENIUM compounds
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
N1  - Accession Number: 10689614; Zenghe Liu 1; Srinivasan, Venkat 2; Kelly, Mike 3; Affiliations: 1: TheraSense, Inc.; 2: University of California-Berkeley; 3: Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM compounds; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - Electropolishing Copper Damascene Interconnects.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes an electropolishing process to planarize copper interconnects.  Addition of organic acid additives to the phosphoric acid electrolyte; Enhancement of electrodissolution rates; Improvement in planarization efficiency; Addition of polyethylene glycol to the electrolyte.
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC polishing
KW  - COPPER
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 10689615; Zenghe Liu 1; Srinivasan, Venkat 2; Kelly, Mike 3; Affiliations: 1: TheraSense Inc.; 2: University of California-Berkeley; 3: Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC polishing; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - A High Moment CoFe Soft Magnetic Thin Film.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes the electrodeposition of high magnetic moment cobalt ferride thin films.  Prevention of the oxidation of ferrous ion to ferric ion in the plating bath; Addition of trimethylamineborane reducing agent to the bath; Separation of the anode and cathode compartments.
KW  - THIN films
KW  - COBALT compounds
KW  - MAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 10689616; Zenghe Liu 1; Srinivasan, Venkat 2; Kelly, Mike 3; Affiliations: 1: TheraSense Inc.; 2: University of California-Berkeley; 3: Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: COBALT compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - Measuring Electrocatalytic Activity on a Local Scale.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes the development of a scanning differential electrochemical mass spectrometry for the detection of catalytic reactions.  Utilization of a micropositioning system; Quantitative measurement of gaseous and volatile products.
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - CATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 10689617; Zenghe Liu 1; Srinivasan, Venkat 2; Kelly, Mike 3; Affiliations: 1: TheraSense Inc.; 2: University of California-Berkeley; 3: Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelley, Mike
T1  - Direct-Wire Planar Microultracapacitors.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes a fabrication process of planar microelectrochemical capacitors.  Deposition of a hydrous ruthenium oxide film onto a glass substrate; Laser-induced transfer of the dielectric material onto gold-coated quartz; Laser micromachining of the deposited material into a planar capacitor with a pair of gold electrodes.
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - RUTHENIUM oxide superconductors
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10689618; Zenghe Liu 1; Srinivasan, Venkat 2; Kelley, Mike 3; Affiliations: 1: TheraSense Inc.; 2: University of California-Berkeley; 3: Sandia National Laboratories.; Issue Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM oxide superconductors; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Todd A.
T1  - Encylopedia of Urban Legends (Book).
JO  - Journal of American Folklore
JF  - Journal of American Folklore
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 116
IS  - 462
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 490
EP  - 491
SN  - 00218715
AB  - Reviews the book "Encyclopedia of Urban Legends," by Jan Harold Brunvand.
KW  - Legends
KW  - Fiction
KW  - Brunvand, Jan Harold
KW  - Encyclopedia of Urban Legends (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12118814; Hanson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory;  Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 116 Issue 462, p490; Subject Term: Legends; Subject Term: Fiction; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batabyal, Amitrajeet A.
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
T1  - On the scarcity value of ecosystem services
JO  - Journal of Environmental Economics & Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Economics & Management
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
SN  - 00950696
AB  - In this exploratory paper, we first make a case for considering the scarcity value of ecosystem services in the analyses of jointly determined ecological–economic systems. Next, we point out that insight into the scarcity value of an ecosystem service can be gained generally by examining the manner in which the state of an ecosystem responds to changes in environmental conditions. Following this, we specialize our discussion to the case of eutrophication in lakes. This leads us to pose and analyze a stochastic control problem of lake management in which ecological thresholds are salient. Finally, we show that this stochastic control theoretic framework can be used to obtain a numerical value that is closely related to the scarcity value of an ecosystem service provided by lakes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Economics & Management is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCARCITY
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - LAKES
KW  - Ecosystem management
KW  - Ecosystem service
KW  - Lake
KW  - Scarcity value
KW  - Stochastic control
N1  - Accession Number: 10568035; Batabyal, Amitrajeet A. 1; Email Address: aabgsh@rit.edu; Kahn, James R. 2; O'Neill, Robert V. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Economics, Rochester Institute of Technology, 92 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623-5604, USA; 2: Environmental Studies Program and Department of Economics, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA 24450, USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division (Emeritus), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p334; Thesaurus Term: SCARCITY; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: LAKES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem service; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scarcity value; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic control; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00040-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
AU  - Firestone, Mary K.
AU  - Hazen, Terry C.
AU  - Olson, Keith R.
AU  - Herman, Donald J.
AU  - Sutton, Stephen R.
AU  - Lanzirotti, Antonio
T1  - In Situ Reduction of Chromium (VI) in Heavily Contaminated Soils through Organic Carbon Amendment.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1641
EP  - 1649
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Studies the in situ reduction of chromium(VI) in heavily contaminated soils through organic carbon amendment.  Ingredients of solutions designed to accelerate the reduction of chromium in soils; Synergistic effects sustained in whole soil systems.
KW  - Hexavalent chromium
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Carbon compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 11034760; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Email Address: tktokunaga@lbl.gov; Wan, Jiamin 1; Firestone, Mary K. 2; Hazen, Terry C. 1; Olson, Keith R. 1; Herman, Donald J. 2; Sutton, Stephen R. 3; Lanzirotti, Antonio 3; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2 : University of California, Berkeley; 3 : University of Chicago;  Source Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1641; Thesaurus Term: Hexavalent chromium; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McClellan, Yvonne
AU  - August, Robert
AU  - Gosz, James
AU  - Gann, Steve
AU  - Parmenter, Robert
AU  - Nelson, Martin
AU  - Harper, Mark
T1  - Plant and Environment Interactions.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1759
EP  - 1763
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Examines the uptake rates of thorium progeny in a semiarid environment.  Use of high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy in determining radionuclide activities; Calculation of concentration ratios based on actinium levels.
KW  - Thorium
KW  - Arid regions
KW  - Radioisotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 11034774; McClellan, Yvonne 1; Email Address: ymcclel@sandia.gov; August, Robert 2; Gosz, James 3; Gann, Steve 4; Parmenter, Robert 3; Nelson, Martin 4; Harper, Mark 4; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories; 2 : Naval Research Laboratory, Washington; 3 : University of New Mexico, Department of Biology, Albuquerque; 4 : U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis;  Source Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1759; Thesaurus Term: Thorium; Thesaurus Term: Arid regions; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolinski, Christophe
AU  - Gokhale, Maya
AU  - McCabe, Kevin
T1  - Polymorphous fabric-based systems: Model, tools, applications
JO  - Journal of Systems Architecture
JF  - Journal of Systems Architecture
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 13837621
AB  - A polymorphous fabric-based systems is a parameterized cellular architecture in which an array of computing cells communicates with an embedded processor through a global memory. This architecture is customizable to different classes of applications by functional unit, interconnect, and memory parameters, and can be instantiated efficiently on platform FPGAs. In previous work [IEEE Micro 22(5) (2002)], we have demonstrated the advantage of reconfigurable fabrics for image and signal processing applications. Recently, we have build a fabric generator (FG), a Java-based toolset that greatly accelerates construction of the fabrics. A module-generation library is used to define, instantiate, and interconnect cells’ datapaths. FG also generates customized sequencers for individual cells or collections of cells. We describe the fabric-based system model, the FG toolset, and concrete realizations of fabric architectures generated by FG on the Altera Excalibur ARM that can deliver 4.5 GigaMACs/s (8/16 bit data, multiply-accumulate). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Systems Architecture is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11042320; Wolinski, Christophe 1,2; Email Address: wolinski@irisa.fr; Gokhale, Maya 1; McCabe, Kevin 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: IRISA, IFSIC, Campus Universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes cedex, France; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 49 Issue 4-6, p143; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER architecture; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-7621(03)00074-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weiss, Jonathan D.
T1  - Using Fiber Optics to Detect Moisture Intrusion into a Landfill Cap Consisting of a Vegetative Soil Barrier.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 53
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Focuses on the use of fiber optics to detect moisture intrusion into a landfill cap consisting of a vegetative soil barrier. Impact of the intrusion of moisture into landfills on human health; Analysis of results of the field-scale simulation test to detect the presence of moisture within landfill covers; Implications of the study in avoiding contamination of groundwater.
KW  - Landfills
KW  - Moisture
KW  - Earthwork
KW  - Health
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Fiber optics
KW  - Integrated optics
N1  - Accession Number: 12493695; Weiss, Jonathan D. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico;  Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 53 Issue 9, p1; Thesaurus Term: Landfills; Thesaurus Term: Moisture; Thesaurus Term: Earthwork; Thesaurus Term: Health; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Subject Term: Fiber optics; Subject Term: Integrated optics; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nickell, Robert E.
AU  - Romero, Christopher
T1  - CONTAINING explosions.
JO  - Mechanical Engineering
JF  - Mechanical Engineering
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 125
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
PB  - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
SN  - 00256501
AB  - Building explosive testing chambers presents a whole new set of challenges, since the purpose of such tests isn't the survival or destruction of the vessel, but gaining a better understanding of the explosion's dynamics. A pressure vessel under internal high explosive detonation pressure is typically subjected to two distinct types of loading. Dozens of vessels have been designed, fabricated, and used over the past several decades, even prior to the cessation of underground nuclear testing in 1992. Failure can occur only after the vessel stretches and bends, that is, after the initial impulse has disappeared and the absorption of the impulsive energy begins. Since the limited underground nuclear weapons test ban went into effect, a number of these controlled experiments have been conducted to help model the behavior of explosions and their effects on surrogate materials.
KW  - SHIPS
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - ARMORED vessels
KW  - MECHANICAL engineering
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
N1  - Accession Number: 10826357; Nickell, Robert E. 1; Romero, Christopher 2; Affiliations: 1: President of Applied Science and Technology in Poivay, Calif., is a past president of ASME International. He currently serves as the Society's secretary and treasurer.; 2: Test engineer at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 125 Issue 9, p62; Thesaurus Term: SHIPS; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: ARMORED vessels; Subject Term: MECHANICAL engineering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336611 Ship Building and Repairing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2298
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Melechko, AV;
AU  - McKnight, TE;
AU  - Hensley, DK;
AU  - Guillorn, MA;
AU  - Simpson, ML;
AU  - et al;
T1  - Large-scale synthesis of arrays of high-aspect-ratio rigid vertically aligned carbon nanofibres
CT  - Large-scale synthesis of arrays of high-aspect-ratio rigid vertically aligned carbon nanofibres
JO  - Nanotechnology
JF  - Nanotechnology
Y1  - 2003/09/01/
VL  - 14
IS  - Sep
SP  - 1029
EP  - 1035
SN  - 09574484
AD  - Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA acm@ornl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 41-01327; Language: English; Chemical Name: Carbon--7440-44-0; References: 25; Journal Coden: NANOT; Section Heading: Pharmaceutics
N2  - We report on techniques for catalytic synthesis of rigid, high-aspect-ratio, vertically aligned carbon nanofibres by dc plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition that are tailored for applications that require arrays of individual fibres that feature long fibre lengths (up to 20 m) such as scanning probe microscopy, penetrant cell and tissue probing arrays and mechanical insertion approaches for gene delivery to cell cultures. We demonstrate that the definition of catalyst nanoparticles is the critical step that enables growth of individual, long-length fibres and discuss methods for catalyst particle preparation that allow the growth of individual isolated nanofibres from catalyst dots with diameters as large as 500 nm. This development enables photolithographic definition of catalyst and therefore the inexpensive, large-scale production of such arrays.
KW  - Carbon--nanofibres-;
KW  - Nanofibres--carbon;
KW  - Genes--transport;
KW  - Nanofibres--synthesis;
KW  - Catalysts--nanoparticles;
KW  - Nanoparticles--catalysts;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 105529248
T1  - The physics of phacoemulsification.
AU  - Bond LJ
Y1  - 2003/09//2003 Sep 1
N1  - Accession Number: 105529248. Language: English. Entry Date: 20090522. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; pictorial; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 9882135. 
KW  - Phacoemulsification -- Evaluation
KW  - Physics
KW  - Ultrasonics -- Methods
KW  - Cataract Extraction -- Methods
SP  - 36
EP  - 37
JO  - Ocular Surgery News
JF  - Ocular Surgery News
JA  - OCULAR SURG NEWS
VL  - 21
IS  - 17
CY  - Thorofare, New Jersey
PB  - SLACK Incorporated
AB  - A study shows that the jackhammer effect, not cavitation, is the primary mode of tissue disruption.
SN  - 8750-3085
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K5-26, Richland, WA 99352
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Waste in Ecological Economics: Edited by Katy Bisson, John Proops, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA. 224 pp.; Hardback, ISBN 1 84064 648 9
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 185
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 10694800; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Energy Technical Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-4000 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p185; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(03)00067-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
AU  - Adams, Wendy M.
T1  - Plant reestablishment 15 years after the debris avalanche at Mount St. Helens, Washington
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 313
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 00489697
AB  - Vegetation has slowly reestablished on the debris avalanche deposit in the 15 years after the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens that created a 60-km2 debris avalanche, the largest landslide in recorded history. There has been a gradual increase in species richness and cover, but only 61% of the species present on the mountain before the eruption have established on the debris avalanche deposit. Plant cover averages 38% and is extremely patchy. Life form composition changed over successional time, because part of the avalanche deposit was invaded by introduced plant species aerially seeded to reduce erosion, the site offers the opportunity to compare successional processes occurring with and without introduced species. Long-term recovery trends and effects of nonnative species on succession are important to understand since plant reestablishment practices often rely on nonnative species for enhancing vegetation recovery of denuded sites along road sides, strip mines, or other human-generated clearing. Fifteen years after the eruption and 10 years since the invasion by introduced species, plots invaded by nonnative species had greater vegetation cover and more native plant richness than plots that were not inundated. Significantly greater mortality of conifers occurred in the plots dominated by introduced species shortly after the invasion of those species, but no difference in conifer mortality occurred in the last 5 years. Even so, the plots dominated by introduced species still have fewer conifer trees. Thus, the short-term pulse of conifer mortality after the invasion of introduced species may have long-term effects on the recovery of the dominant vegetation. It will likely be decades before there is 100% plant cover on the debris avalanche deposit and a century or more before full recovery of the vegetation system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Volcanoes
KW  - Vegetation & climate
KW  - Avalanches
KW  - Life form
KW  - Nonnative invasive plants
KW  - Recovery
KW  - Succession
KW  - Volcano
N1  - Accession Number: 10504205; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Email Address: dalevh@ornl.gov; Adams, Wendy M. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; 2 : School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;  Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 313 Issue 1-3, p101; Thesaurus Term: Volcanoes; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation & climate; Thesaurus Term: Avalanches; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life form; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonnative invasive plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Succession; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volcano; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00332-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Anne
T1  - Driving the Need for Computing Power and Speed.
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 20
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Reports on the innovation in technical computing systems used in scientific laboratories.  Integration of silicon chips on digital electronic computers; Increase in computing speed and methods of operation with the different types of architecture; Value of supercomputers to the laboratory environment.
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - LABORATORIES
N1  - Accession Number: 10890008; Fitzpatrick, Anne 1; Email Address: editor@scimag.com; Affiliations: 1: Computer and Computations Sciences Division, Los Alamos national Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 20 Issue 10, p20; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
AU  - Staley, Martin F.
T1  - Wave Structure and Nonlinear Balances in a Family of Evolutionary PDEs.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 380
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15360040
AB  - We investigate the following family of evolutionary of 1+1 PDEs that describes the balance between convection and stretching for small viscosity in the dynamics of one-dimensional nonlinear waves in fluids: ... Here u = g * m denotes U(x) = ∫&ifin;-∞g(x-y)m(y) dy. This convolution (or filtering) relates velocity u to momentum density m by integration against the kernel g(x). we shall choose g(x) to be an even function so that u and m have the dame parity under spatial reflection. When v=0, this equations is both reversible in time and parity invariant. We shall study the effects of the balance parameter and the kernel g(x) on the solitary wave structures and investigate their interactions analytically for v=0 and numerically for small or zero viscosity. This family of equations admits the classic Burgers "ramps and cliffs" solutions, which are stable for -1 <b <1 with small velocity. For b< -1, the Burgers ramps and cliffs are unsuitable. The stable solutions for b < -1 moves leftward instead of rightward and tends to a stationary profile. When m = u - α²uxx and v = 0, this profile is given by u(x) ... sech² (x/(2α)) for b = -2 and by u(x) ... sech (x/α for b = -3. For b > 1, the Burgers ramps and cliffs are again unsuitable. The stable solitary travelling wave for b > 1 and v = o is the "pulson" u(x,t) = cg(x - ct), which restricts to the "peakon" in the special case g)x) = e-lxl/α when m = u - α²uxx. Nonlinear interactions among these pulsons or peakons are governed by the superposition of solutions for b > 1 and v = 0, ... These pulson solutions obey a finite-dimensional dynamical system for the time-dependent speeds pi(t) and positions qi(t). we study the pulson and peakon interactions analytically, and we determine their fate numerically under adding viscosity. Finally, as outlook, we propose an n-dimensional vector version of this evolutionary equation with convection and stretching, namely ... for a defining relation, u = G * m. These solutions show quasi-one-dimensional behavior for n,k = 2,1 that we find numerically to be stable for b = 2. The corresponding superposed solutions of the vector b-equation in n dimensions exists, with coordinates X &lsin; Rn, s &lsin; Rk, n - k > 0, and 2N parameters Pi(s,t), Qi(s,t) &lsin; Rn, ... There are momentum surfaces (or filaments for k = 1), defined on surfaces (or curves) x = Qi(s,t), i = 1,2,…,N. For b = 2, the Pi(s,t), Qi(s,t) &lsin; Rn satisfy cannonical Hamiltonian equations for geodesic motion on the space of n-vector valued k-surfaces with cometric G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR waves
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - CONVOLUTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - conservation laws
KW  - Hamilton's principle
KW  - Hamiltonian structures
KW  - Hamiltonian systems on groups of diffeomorphisms and on manifolds of mappings and metrics
KW  - invariant manifolds and their bifurcations
KW  - reduction
KW  - reverse symmetries
KW  - symmetries
KW  - symmetries and conservation laws
KW  - variational principles
N1  - Accession Number: 14600856; Holm, Darryl D. 1,2; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov; Staley, Martin F. 1; Email Address: mstaley@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Division and Center of Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Amos, NM; 2: Mathematics Department, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 2 Issue 3, p323; Subject Term: NONLINEAR waves; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: CONVOLUTIONS (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: conservation laws; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamilton's principle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamiltonian structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamiltonian systems on groups of diffeomorphisms and on manifolds of mappings and metrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: invariant manifolds and their bifurcations; Author-Supplied Keyword: reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: reverse symmetries; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetries; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetries and conservation laws; Author-Supplied Keyword: variational principles; Number of Pages: 58p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1111111102410943
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Nancy B.
T1  - ZIRCONIUM.
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 81
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
EP  - 104
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Presents information on the chemical element zirconium.  Atomic mass; Presence of zirconium in S-type stars and moon rocks; Appearance; Use of zirconium as a key component of space vehicle parts because of its resistance to high temperatures.
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 10901232; Jackson, Nancy B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical & Biological Sensing, Imaging & Analysis Department, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 81 Issue 36, p104; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lowden, Rick
T1  - TUNGSTEN.
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 81
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 142
EP  - 142
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Cites several data on the chemical element tungsten.  Origin of the term 'tungsten'; Atomic mass; Appearance; Use of tungsten in high-temperature applications such as heating elements.
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 10901251; Lowden, Rick 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 81 Issue 36, p142; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghiorso, Albert
T1  - EINSTEINIUM AND FERMIUM.
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 81
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
EP  - 175
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Cites several data on the chemical elements einsteinium and fermium.  Atomic masses; Radioactivity of the isotopes of both elements; Description of the appearance of both elements.
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 10901275; Ghiorso, Albert 1; Affiliations: 1: Glenn Seaborg's Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 81 Issue 36, p174; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clarke, John
T1  - Condensed-matter physics: Vortices and hearts.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/09/11/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6954
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Studies a single vortex of flux formed inside a superconducting Josephson junction which has been detected undergoing quantum tunneling.  Controversy on the quantum tunneling of Abrikosov vortices; Annular junction made between two narrow rings of the superconductor niobium; Developments in superconducting qubits.
KW  - JOSEPHSON junctions
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - NIOBIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10800573; Clarke, John 1; Email Address: jclarke@physics.berkeley.edu; Source Information: 9/11/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6954, p133; Subject: JOSEPHSON junctions; Subject: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject: NIOBIUM; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/425133a
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minniti, Dante
AU  - Borissova, Jura
AU  - Rejkuba, Marina
AU  - Alves, David R.
AU  - Cook, Kern H.
AU  - Freeman, Kenneth C.
T1  - Kinematic Evidence for an Old Stellar Halo in the LargeMagellanic Cloud.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/09/12/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5639
M3  - Article
SP  - 1508
EP  - 1510
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The oldest and most metal-poor Milky Way stars form a kinematically hot halo, which motivates the two major formation scenarios for our galaxy: extended hierarchical accretion and rapid collapse. RR Lyrae stars are excellent tracers of old and metal-poor populations. We measured the kinematics of 43 RR Lyrae stars in the inner regions of the nearby Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) galaxy. The velocity dispersion equals 53 ± 10 kilometers per second, which indicates that a kinematically hot metal-poor old halo also exists in the LMC. This result suggests that our galaxy and smaller late-type galaxies such as the LMC have similar early formation histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RR Lyrae stars
KW  - MAGELLANIC clouds
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - MILKY Way
KW  - GALAXIES
N1  - Accession Number: 11201245; Minniti, Dante 1; Email Address: dante@astro.puc.cl; Borissova, Jura 1; Rejkuba, Marina 2; Alves, David R. 3; Cook, Kern H. 4; Freeman, Kenneth C. 5; Source Information: 9/12/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5639, p1508; Subject: RR Lyrae stars; Subject: MAGELLANIC clouds; Subject: KINEMATICS; Subject: MILKY Way; Subject: GALAXIES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2421
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diamond, Rick
T1  - A lifestyle-based scenario for US buildings: implications for energy use
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1205
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Can lifestyle-based scenarios provide insight into the nature of energy use in our future buildings? Participants in a design charrette brainstormed ideas about the future of US homes and workplaces. The teams started from several descriptions of daily lifestyles, and developed specific building characteristics as the place settings for these narratives. In addition to characterizing the physical environment, the teams also identified the forces that would be influential in making these changes. Further reflection was made on the possible unintended consequences of these changes. The energy implications of these changes were characterized with respect to magnitude and direction. While acknowledging the speculative nature of the exercise, the rationale was to broaden the discussion on future energy use by looking at future scenarios in the context of everyday life. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - LIFESTYLES
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Energy
KW  - Lifestyle
N1  - Accession Number: 9505157; Diamond, Rick 1; Email Address: rcdiamond@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90-3074, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 31 Issue 12, p1205; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY conservation; Subject Term: LIFESTYLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buildings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lifestyle; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00172-6
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, Evan
T1  - The insurance and risk management industries: new players in the delivery of energy-efficient and renewable energy products and services
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1257
SN  - 03014215
AB  - The insurance and risk management industries are typically considered to have little interest in energy issues, other than those associated with large energy supply systems. The historical involvement of these industries in the development and deployment of familiar loss-prevention technologies such as automobile air bags, fire prevention/suppression systems, and anti-theft devices, evidences a tradition of mediating and facilitating the use of technology to improve safety and otherwise reduce the likelihood of losses. Through an examination of the connection between risk management and energy technology, we have identified nearly 80 examples of energy-efficient and renewable energy technologies that offer loss-prevention benefits (such as improved fire safety). This article presents the business case for insurer involvement in the sustainable energy sector and documents early case studies of insurer efforts along these lines. We have mapped these opportunities onto the appropriate market segments (life, health, property, liability, business interruption, etc.). We review steps taken by 53 forward-looking insurers and reinsurers, 5 brokers, 7 insurance organizations, and 13 non-insurance organizations. We group the approaches into the categories of: information, education, and demonstration; financial incentives; specialized policies and insurance products; direct investment; customer services and inspections; codes, standards, and policies; research and development; in-house energy management; and an emerging concept informally known as “carbon insurance”. While most companies have made only a modest effort to position themselves in the “green” marketplace, a few have comprehensive environmental programs that include energy efficiency and renewable energy activities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK management in business
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Insurance
KW  - Renewable energy
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Sustainability
N1  - Accession Number: 9505167; Mills, Evan 1; Email Address: emills@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 31 Issue 12, p1257; Thesaurus Term: RISK management in business; Thesaurus Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insurance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sustainability; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00186-6
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fernández, A.M.
AU  - Turner, J.A.
T1  - Preparation and photocharacterization of Cu–Sb–Se films by electrodeposition technique
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 79
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Ternary semiconductor Cu–Sb–Se films were grown on 304 stainless-steel/Cr and ITO-glass using a combination of electrodeposition and chemical bath techniques. The samples were annealed in a N2 atmosphere at various temperatures and characterized by X-ray, electron probe microanalysis, current–voltage, capacitance–voltage and photocurrent spectroscopy. Photoelectrochemical studies were used to determinate the flat-band potential and the doping density of the material. These data lead to energetic considerations on the applicability of the Cu–Sb–Se electrode in the photoelectrochemical decomposition of water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Copper compounds
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Copper–antimony–selenide
KW  - Electrodeposition
KW  - Ternary semiconductor
N1  - Accession Number: 10635502; Fernández, A.M. 1; Email Address: afm@cie.unam.mx; Turner, J.A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Departamento de Materiales Solares (CIE-UNAM), Centro de Ivestigacion en Energia, Temixco, Morelos 62580, Mexico; 2 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA;  Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 79 Issue 3, p391; Subject Term: Copper compounds; Subject Term: Semiconductors; Subject Term: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper–antimony–selenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ternary semiconductor; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00474-9
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, J.A.
AU  - Ivison, R.J.
AU  - Dunlop, J.S.
AU  - Smail, Ian R.
AU  - Percival, W.J.
AU  - Hughes, D.H.
AU  - Röttgering, H.J.A.
AU  - van Breugel, W.J.M.
AU  - Reuland, M.
T1  - The formation of cluster elliptical galaxies as revealed by extensive star formation.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/09/18/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6955
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The most massive galaxies in the present-day Universe are found to lie in the centres of rich clusters. They have old, coeval stellar populations suggesting that the bulk of their stars must have formed at early epochs in spectacular starbursts, which should be luminous phenomena when observed at submillimetre wavelengths. The most popular model of galaxy formation predicts that these galaxies form in proto-clusters at high-density peaks in the early Universe. Such peaks are indicated by massive high-redshift radio galaxies. Here we report deep submillimetre mapping of seven high-redshift radio galaxies and their environments. These data confirm not only the presence of spatially extended regions of massive star-formation activity in the radio galaxies themselves, but also in companion objects previously undetected at any wavelength. The prevalence, orientation, and inferred masses of these submillimetre companion galaxies suggest that we are witnessing the synchronous formation of the most luminous elliptical galaxies found today at the centres of rich clusters of galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPTICAL galaxies
KW  - STARS -- Formation
KW  - BLACK holes (Astronomy)
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 10857685; Stevens, J.A. 1; Ivison, R.J. 1; Dunlop, J.S. 2; Smail, Ian R. 3; Percival, W.J. 2; Hughes, D.H. 4; Röttgering, H.J.A. 5; van Breugel, W.J.M. 6; Reuland, M. 6; Source Information: 9/18/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6955, p264; Subject: ELLIPTICAL galaxies; Subject: STARS -- Formation; Subject: BLACK holes (Astronomy); Subject: X-rays; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01976
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caldeira, Ken
AU  - Wickett, Michael E.
T1  - Oceanography: Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/09/25/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6956
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Most carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the burning of fossil fuels will eventually be absorbed by the ocean, with potentially adverse consequences for marine biota. Here we quantify the changes in ocean pH that may result from this continued release of CO2 and compare these with pH changes estimated from geological and historical records. We find that oceanic absorption of CO2 from fossil fuels may result in larger pH changes over the next several centuries than any inferred from the geological record of the past 300 million years, with the possible exception of those resulting from rare, extreme events such as bolide impacts or catastrophic methane hydrate degassing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
N1  - Accession Number: 10912361; Caldeira, Ken 1; Email Address: kenc@llnl.gov; Wickett, Michael E. 2; Source Information: 9/25/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6956, p365; Subject: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject: OCEAN; Subject: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/425365a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budowle, Bruce
AU  - Schutzer, Steven E.
AU  - Einseln, Anja
AU  - Kelley, Lynda C.
AU  - Walsh, Anne C.
AU  - Smith, Jenifer A. L.
AU  - Marrone, Babetta L.
AU  - Robertson, James
AU  - Campos, Joseph
T1  - Building Microbial Forensics as a Response to Bioterrorism.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5641
M3  - Article
SP  - 1852
EP  - 1853
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Examines the need to build microbial forensics as a response to bioterrorism.  Need for continued development of additional assays for individualization of microbial strains; Steps taken by law enforcement agencies in the United States in investigating crime related to biological weapon usage and bioterrorism; Focus areas of the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods.
KW  - FORENSIC sciences
KW  - BIOTERRORISM
KW  - BIOLOGICAL weapons
KW  - BIOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11062452; Budowle, Bruce 1; Email Address: bbudowle@fbi.gov.; Schutzer, Steven E. 2; Einseln, Anja 1; Kelley, Lynda C. 3; Walsh, Anne C. 4; Smith, Jenifer A. L. 1; Marrone, Babetta L. 5; Robertson, James 1; Campos, Joseph 6; Source Information: 9/26/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5641, p1852; Subject: FORENSIC sciences; Subject: BIOTERRORISM; Subject: BIOLOGICAL weapons; Subject: BIOTECHNOLOGY; Geographic Terms: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1882
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Feng Sheng
AU  - Kaufman, Darrell
AU  - Yoneji, Sumiko
AU  - Nelson, David
AU  - Shemesh, Aldo
AU  - Huang, Yongsong
AU  - Tian, Jian
AU  - Bond, Gerard
AU  - Clegg, Benjamin
AU  - Brown, Thomas
T1  - Cyclic Variation and Solar Forcing of Holocene Climate inthe Alaskan Subarctic.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5641
M3  - Article
SP  - 1890
EP  - 1893
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - High-resolution analyses of lake sediment from southwestern Alaska reveal cyclic variations in climate and ecosystems during the Holocene. These variations occurred with periodicities similar to those of solar activity and appear to be coherent with time series of the cosmogenic nuclides [sup14]C and [sup10]Be as well as North Atlantic drift ice. Our results imply that small variations in solar irradiance induced pronounced cyclic changes in northern high-latitude environments. They also provide evidence that centennialscale shifts in the Holocene climate were similar between the subpolar regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific, possibly because of Sunocean-climate linkages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAKE sediments
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - SOLAR activity
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - ALASKA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11062471; Hu, Feng Sheng 1,2,3; Email Address: fshu@life.uiuc.edu; Kaufman, Darrell 4; Yoneji, Sumiko 1; Nelson, David 2; Shemesh, Aldo 5; Huang, Yongsong 6; Tian, Jian 3; Bond, Gerard 7; Clegg, Benjamin 1; Brown, Thomas 8; Source Information: 9/26/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5641, p1890; Subject: LAKE sediments; Subject: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject: SOLAR activity; Subject: CLIMATOLOGY; Geographic Terms: ALASKA; UNITED States; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3205
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozkan, Esra
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Comparison of electrochromic amorphous and crystalline tungsten oxide films
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 79
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
SN  - 09270248
AB  - A detailed systematic study of the tungsten oxide thin films has been carried out using WO3 films after they were annealed at progressively increasing temperatures ranging from 350°C to 450°C in oxygen environments. The structural properties of the films were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The amorphous WO3 films remain as an amorphous phase up to 385°C and begin to crystallize at 390°C and then are completely crystallized at 450°C. Absorption peaks of the films are found to shift to a higher energy side with increasing annealing temperature up to 385°C and then shift abruptly to a lower energy as the films begin to crystallize at 390°C. Deconvolution of the absorption spectra shows that there are two different polaron transitions in the amorphous WO3 films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Tungsten oxides
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Electrochromic devices
KW  - Electrochromism
KW  - Thermal evaporation
KW  - Tungsten oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10635507; Ozkan, Esra 1,2; Email Address: ozesra@itu.edu.tr; Lee, Se-Hee 1; Tracy, C. Edwin 1; Pitts, J. Roland 1; Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 2 : Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Physics, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 80626, Turkey;  Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 79 Issue 4, p439; Subject Term: Tungsten oxides; Subject Term: Thin films; Subject Term: Electrochromic devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten oxide; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(03)00019-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glaser, Rivka L.
AU  - Broman, Karl W.
AU  - Schulman, Rebecca L.
AU  - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Wyrobek, Andrew J.
AU  - Jabs, Ethylin Wang
T1  - The Paternal-Age Effect in Apert Syndrome Is Due, in Part, to the Increased Frequency of Mutations in Sperm.
JO  - American Journal of Human Genetics
JF  - American Journal of Human Genetics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 73
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 939
SN  - 00029297
AB  - A paternal-age effect and the exclusive paternal origin of mutations have been reported in Apert syndrome (AS). As the incidence of sporadic AS births increases exponentially with paternal age, we hypothesized that the frequency of AS mutations in sperm would also increase. To determine the frequency of two common FGFR2 mutations in AS, we developed allele-specific peptide nucleic acid-PCR assays. Analyzing sperm DNA from 148 men, age 21- 80 years, we showed that the number of sperm with mutations increased in the oldest age groups among men who did not have a child with AS. These older men were also more likely to have both mutations in their sperm. However, this age-related increase in mutation frequency was not sufficient to explain the AS-birth frequency. In contrast, the mutation frequency observed in men who were younger and had children with AS was significantly greater. In addition, our data suggest selection for sperm with specific mutations. Therefore, contributing factors to the paternal-age effect may include selection and a higher number of mutant sperm in a subset of men ascertained because they had a child with AS. No age-related increase in the frequency of these mutations was observed in leukocytes. Selection and/or quality-control mechanisms, including DNA repair and apoptosis, may contribute to the cell-type differences in mutation frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Human Genetics is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AGING parents
KW  - APERT syndrome
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - SPERMATOZOA
N1  - Accession Number: 11076101; Glaser, Rivka L. 1; Broman, Karl W. 2; Schulman, Rebecca L. 1; Eskenazi, Brenda 3; Wyrobek, Andrew J. 4; Jabs, Ethylin Wang 1; Email Address: ejabs1@jhem.jhmi.edu; Source Information: Oct2003, Vol. 73 Issue 4, p939; Subject: AGING parents; Subject: APERT syndrome; Subject: MUTATION (Biology); Subject: SPERMATOZOA; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCarthy, J.F.
AU  - Burrus, L.W.
AU  - Tolbert, V.R.
T1  - Bioaccumulation of Benzo(a)pyrene from Sediment by Fathead Minnows: Effects of Organic Content, Resuspension and Metabolism.
JO  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 364
EP  - 370
SN  - 00904341
AB  - Examines the accumulation of [sup 14]C-benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) sorbed to sediment in fathead minnows to compare uptake from sediment with a high organic carbon (OC) content to that with a low OC content.  Dissolution of significantly greater quantities of BaP in water over low-OC sediment; Fish's ingestion of more of the low-OC sediment than high-OC sediment; Total flux of BaP into the fish.
KW  - Benzopyrene
KW  - Marine sediments
KW  - Environmental toxicology
KW  - Fathead minnow
N1  - Accession Number: 11407739; McCarthy, J.F. 1; Email Address: jmccart1@utk.edu; Burrus, L.W. 2; Tolbert, V.R. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee; 2 : Department of Developmental Biology, San Francisco State University; 3 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory;  Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p364; Thesaurus Term: Benzopyrene; Thesaurus Term: Marine sediments; Thesaurus Term: Environmental toxicology; Subject Term: Fathead minnow; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fearey, Bryan L.
AU  - White, Paul C.
AU  - Ledger, John St.
AU  - Immele, John D.
T1  - An Analysis of Reduced Collateral Damage Nuclear Weapons.
JO  - Comparative Strategy
JF  - Comparative Strategy
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct/Nov2003
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 01495933
AB  - In the new security environment with a new U.S. defense strategy, nuclear weapons remain critical to U.S. national security as well as to international security. However, legacy nuclear systems are not optimally configured for the new and emerging contingencies of this environment. A common thread likely to run through the desirable characteristics of most future systems is reduced collateral damage (RCD). Improved accuracy enables lower yield weapons to accomplish the missions once allocated to higher yield legacy warheads, with correspondingly reduced collateral effects. Lower yield, earth-penetrating weapons and other new or modified RCD weapons can play a critical role, in conjunction with the other capabilities of the New Triad, in achieving U.S. defense objectives of deterrence, dissuasion and assurance. As the United States implements the Nuclear Posture Review, it is important to assess such capabilities in the context of U.S. defense strategy and to be in a position to develop and deploy them--if required--within the much smaller nuclear force towards which the United States is moving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Comparative Strategy is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SECURITY management
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11351888; Fearey, Bryan L. 1; White, Paul C. 1; Ledger, John St. 1; Immele, John D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Issue Info: Oct/Nov2003, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p305; Thesaurus Term: SECURITY management; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lynn Adams Kszos
AU  - Arthur J. Stewart
T1  - Review of Lithium in the Aquatic Environment: Distribution in the United States, Toxicity and Case Example of Groundwater Contamination.
JO  - Ecotoxicology
JF  - Ecotoxicology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 447
SN  - 09639292
AB  - Lithium is found at low concentrations in the major rivers of the United States (about 0.002 mg l−1) and as a mineral or salt in pegmatites and brines. The United States produces many lithium materials and consumes the greatest amount of Li in the world for use in ceramics, glass, aluminum, pharmaceuticals, batteries, etc. From 1950 to 1970, Li was central to many nuclear-related US Department of Energy (DOE) activities. The historical and current use of Li has not prompted many studies of the toxicity of this element to aquatic organisms. Here, we review the distribution and use of Li in the US with emphasis on usage by DOE. We also summarize information on the toxicity of lithium to aquatic biota. A case-example is provided which demonstrates the potential for contamination of groundwater with Li, evaluates the toxicity of the Li-contaminated groundwater, and identifies a treatment alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecotoxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Aquatic ecology
KW  - Aquatic biology
N1  - Accession Number: 20370995; Lynn Adams Kszos 1; Arthur J. Stewart 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, 37831-6422, USA; To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel.: (865) 574–4784; Fax: (865) 576–8143; E-mail: kszosla@ornl.gov; 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, 37831-6422, USA;  Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p439; Thesaurus Term: Lithium; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic ecology; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic biology; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiel, Stephen
AU  - McMahon, James E.
T1  - Governments should implement energy-efficiency standards and labels—cautiously
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 31
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1403
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Energy-efficiency standards and labels can be the most effective long-term energy-efficiency policy any government can implement. This paper describes: (1) the benefits that can be obtained through this policy, (2) which countries are implementing standards and labels and for which products, (3) the processes they are using at each step along the way including the reasons why each step must be done carefully and thoroughly, and (4) the relationship of standard-setting and labeling to other energy-efficiency policies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - Appliances
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Standards and labels
N1  - Accession Number: 9601795; Wiel, Stephen; Email Address: swiel@lbl.gov; McMahon, James E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 31 Issue 13, p1403; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY consumption; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Appliances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standards and labels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00199-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castorina, Rosemary
AU  - Bradman, Asa
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Barr, Dana B.
AU  - Harnly, Martha E.
AU  - Eskenazi, Brenda
T1  - Cumulative Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Risk Assessment among Pregnant Women Living in an Agricultural Community: A Case Study from the CHAMACOS Cohort.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 111
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1640
SN  - 00916765
AB  - Discusses a case study on the cumulative organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure and risk assessment among pregnant women living in an agricultural community.  Amount of OP pesticides applied annually in California's Salinas Valley; Collection of spot urine samples from pregnant women; Use of draft guidelines for cumulative risk assessment to estimate the dose from a mixture of OP pesticides that share a common mechanism of toxicity. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PESTICIDES
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - PREGNANT women -- Health
KW  - AGRICULTURE
KW  - SALINAS River Valley (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11451142; Castorina, Rosemary 1; Bradman, Asa 1; McKone, Thomas E. 1,2; Barr, Dana B. 3; Harnly, Martha E. 4; Eskenazi, Brenda 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California ;  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ;  3: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ;  4: California Department of Health Services ;  Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 111 Issue 13, p1640; Subject Term: PESTICIDES; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: PREGNANT women -- Health; Subject Term: AGRICULTURE; Subject Term: SALINAS River Valley (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - flh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li-Yang Chang, Peter
T1  - Alternative Chromium Reduction And Heavy Metal Precipitation Methods for Industrial Wastewater.
JO  - Environmental Progress
JF  - Environmental Progress
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
EP  - 182
SN  - 02784491
AB  - Discusses alternative chromium reduction and heavy metal precipitation methods for industrial wastewater.  Tests with sodium metabisulfite; Tests with ferrous sulfate; Tests with zero-valent iron powder; tests with dimethyl dithion carbamate, ferrous sulfate and aluminum/chloride.
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Wastewater treatment
KW  - Precipitation (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11289317; Li-Yang Chang, Peter 1; Email Address: lychang@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : EH&S Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley;  Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p174; Thesaurus Term: Chromium; Thesaurus Term: Wastewater treatment; Subject Term: Precipitation (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Elliott, Scott M.
AU  - Hanson, Howard P.
T1  - Syndication of the earth system: the future of geoscience?
JO  - Environmental Science & Policy
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 6
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 457
SN  - 14629011
AB  - Current global change policy debate reverberates around the polarized extremes of civilization-level cooperation through treaties as a mitigation tactic, on the one hand, and a wait-and-see approach that may lead to a climatic tragedy of the commons, on the other. Meanwhile, energy technology research is rapidly generating a perception that it will be possible to tune the earth system via carbon sequestration and other types of biogeochemical engineering. The consequences of this potential for planetary management, based on provincial self-interest, include the transition of the earth sciences into a security industry involving proprietary scientific knowledge bases of biogeochemical cycling and the evolution of a climate-design brokerage dominated by military/industrial interests.As the dominant political powers perceive the potential for planetary engineering and consider implementation, the global economy will adjust to exploit new opportunities, perceptions of which will be determined by the quality of system simulations. The growth of a viable international climate-design community will profoundly influence the trajectory of the earth system by providing either the illusion or the reality of predictability. Although this process will be chaotic at first, the probability of stabilization will ultimately be enhanced because the vast resources of the military/industrial sector will become involved. These concepts are disturbingly familiar in that they acknowledge the pervasion of competition and conflict in human technological affairs. However, they are consistent with approaches used in thermodynamics, ecological energetics, behavioral evolution, economics, and interdisciplinary climate science to describe collectively the evolution of the earth system.This paper argues that the perception that the climate can be regulated inexpensively will create an economic driving force for international cartel-style management of the total earth system. That is, the earth system may well become syndicated by those with the resources to effect large-scale management. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Policy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biogeochemical cycles
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Planetary engineering
KW  - Behavioral evolution
KW  - Climate/global change
KW  - Defense/industrial complex
KW  - Ecological energetics
KW  - System simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 10636911; Elliott, Scott M. 1; Hanson, Howard P. 2; Email Address: hph@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, The Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop F665, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2 : Science and Technology Base Programs, The Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop M708, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;  Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 6 Issue 5, p457; Thesaurus Term: Biogeochemical cycles; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Subject Term: Planetary engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Behavioral evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate/global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defense/industrial complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological energetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: System simulation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00075-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Love, Adam H.
AU  - Hunt, James R.
AU  - Knezovich, John P.
T1  - Reconstructing Tritium Exposure Using Tree Rings at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4330
EP  - 4335
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Annual tritium exposures were reconstructed using tree cores from Pinus jeffreyi and Eucalyptus globulus near a tritiated water vapor release stack. Both tritium ([sup3]H) and carbon-H ([sup14]C) from the wood were measured from milligram samples using accelerator mass spectrometry.  Because the annual nature of the eucalyptus tree rings was in doubt, [sup14]C measurements provided growth rates used to estimate the age for [sup3]H determinations. A 30-yr comparison of organically bound tritium (OBT) levels to reported [sup3]H release data is achieved using OBT measurements from three trees near the stack. The annual average [sup3]H, determined from atmospheric water vapor monitoring stations, is comparable to the OBT in proximal trees. For situations without adequate historical monitoring data, this measurement-based historical assessment provides the only independent means of assessing exposure as compared to fate and transport models that require prior knowledge of environmental conditions and [sup3]H discharge patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - TREE-rings
KW  - DENDROCHRONOLOGY
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11841727; Love, Adam H. 1; Hunt, James R. 1; Email Address: hunt@ce.berkeley.edu; Knezovich, John P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1710; 2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-397, Livermore, California 94551; Issue Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 19, p4330; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: TREE-rings; Subject Term: DENDROCHRONOLOGY; Subject: CALIFORNIA; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Ann G.
AU  - Kazonich, George
AU  - Dahlberg, Michael
T1  - Relative Solubility of Cations in Class F Fly Ash.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4507
EP  - 4511
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Coal utilization byproducts (CUB), such as fly ash, contain cations that may be released during exposure to fluids such as acid rain mine drainage. Researchers at the Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL) have conducted a long-term column leaching study of 32 Class F fly ash samples from pulverized coal (PC) combustion, and quantified the release of 19 cations in four leachants with a pH between 1.2 and 12. The relative solubility(M[subL/T]) of each cation was defined as the total mass leached (M[subL]) relative to the concentration (M[subT]) of that element in the fly ash sample. A frequency distribution of relative solubility values was computed with ranges defined as insoluble, slightly soluble, moderately soluble, and very soluble. On the basis of this sample set, Ba, Cd, Fe, Pb, Sb, and Se in PC fly ash are insoluble. The elements Al, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni and Zn are slightly to moderately acid soluble. Only Ca and Na are water soluble; As and Ca are soluble in the basic solution. The results of this study indicate that the extent to which cations in Class F PC fly ash can be leached by naturally occurring fluids is very limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLY ash
KW  - COAL ash
KW  - PULVERIZED coal
KW  - ACID rain
N1  - Accession Number: 11841754; Kim, Ann G. 1; Email Address: akim@netl.doe.gov; Kazonich, George 1; Dahlberg, Michael 1; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15235-0940; Issue Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 19, p4507; Subject Term: FLY ash; Subject Term: COAL ash; Subject Term: PULVERIZED coal; Subject Term: ACID rain; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Anne
T1  - Anecdotes.
JO  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
JF  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
J1  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
PY  - 2003/10//Oct-Dec2003
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct-Dec2003
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 78
EP  - 88
SN  - 10586180
AB  - This article focuses on experiences of several women related to computing field. Although individual experiences varied, a common thread in these stories is that women's opportunities were constrained by gender stereotypes, outright discrimination, and the demands of marriage and family. Lucy Slater received PhD's in mathematics from both the University of London, London, England and Cambridge University, Cambridge, England. She worked at Cambridge University for 30 years, using the EDSAC and other computers. Mary Lee Berners-Lee received a degree in mathematics from Birmingham University. She was one of the early programmers for the Ferranti Mark I computer. Her son Tim Berners-Lee is the creator of the World Wide Web.
KW  - WOMEN in computer science
KW  - SLATER, Lucy
KW  - BERNERS-Lee, Mary Lee
KW  - COMPUTER industry
KW  - UNIVERSITY of Cambridge
KW  - UNIVERSITY of London
KW  - CAMBRIDGE (England)
KW  - LONDON (England)
KW  - ENGLAND
N1  - Accession Number: 11953668; Source Information: Oct-Dec2003, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p78; Subject Term: WOMEN in computer science; Subject Term: SLATER, Lucy; Subject Term: BERNERS-Lee, Mary Lee; Subject Term: COMPUTER industry; Subject Term: UNIVERSITY of Cambridge; Subject Term: UNIVERSITY of London; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: CAMBRIDGE (England); Geographic Subject: LONDON (England); Geographic Subject: ENGLAND; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 11p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Struve, K. W.
T1  - Guest Editorial Introduction.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 798
EP  - 798
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Editorial.  Focuses on the 20th International Symposium on discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum held from July 1, 2002 to July 5, 2002 at Tours, France, involving information about articles published in the October 2003 issue of the journal "IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science." Organizers of this symposium; Account of areas under which all articles published in this issue are categorized; Highlights of this issue of the journal.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - PLASMA chemistry
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges through gases
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 11424885; Struve, K. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Guest Editor, Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185-1194 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p798; Thesaurus Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: PLASMA chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges through gases; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Reviews & Products: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.819621
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yin, E.
AU  - Nelson, D.O.
AU  - Coleman, M. A.
AU  - Peterson, L. E.
AU  - Wyrobek, A. J.
T1  - Gene expression changes in mouse brain after exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 79
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
EP  - 775
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose : To characterize the cellular functions associated with the altered transcript profiles of mouse brain exposed to low-dose in vivo gamma-irradiation. Materials and methods : Cerebral RNA was isolated at 30 min and 4 h after whole-body irradiation at 0.1 or 2 Gy, hybridized to random oligonucleotide arrays, and evaluated for time and dose-response patterns by multifactorial analyses. Results : Brain irradiation modulated the expression patterns of 1574 genes, of which 855 showed more than 1.5-fold variation. about 30% of genes showed dose-dependent variations, including genes exclusively affected by 0.1 Gy. About 60% of genes showed time-dependent variation with more genes affected at 30 min than at 4 h. Early changes involved signal transduction, ion regulation and synaptic signalling. Later changes involved metabolic functions including myelin and protein synthesis. Low-dose radiation also modulated the expression of genes involved in stress response, cell-cycle control and DNA synthesis/repair. Conclusions : Doses of 0.1 Gy induced changes in gene expression that were qualitatively different from those at 2 Gy. The findings suggest that low-dose irradiation of the brain induces the expression of genes involved in protective and reparative functions, while down-modulating genes involved in neural signalling activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - RATS as laboratory animals
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation -- Dose-response relationship
KW  - RADIOBIOLOGY -- Research
N1  - Accession Number: 11463614; Yin, E. 1; Nelson, D.O. 1; Coleman, M. A. 1; Peterson, L. E. 2; Wyrobek, A. J. 1; Email Address: wyrobekl@llnl.gov; Source Information: Oct2003, Vol. 79 Issue 10, p759; Subject: BRAIN; Subject: GENE expression; Subject: RATS as laboratory animals; Subject: IRRADIATION; Subject: GAMMA rays; Subject: IONIZING radiation -- Dose-response relationship; Subject: RADIOBIOLOGY -- Research; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106771068
T1  - The role of high-throughput laboratories in homeland security.
AU  - Beugelsdijk TJ
AU  - Layne SP
Y1  - 2003/10//
N1  - Accession Number: 106771068. Language: English. Entry Date: 20040827. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; pictorial; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. 
KW  - Communicable Diseases -- Diagnosis
KW  - Clinical Laboratories -- Administration
KW  - Biological Warfare
KW  - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
KW  - Automation
KW  - Interior Design and Furnishings
SP  - 11
EP  - 18
JO  - JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JF  - JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JA  - JALA
VL  - 8
IS  - 5
CY  - New York, New York
PB  - Elsevier Science
AB  - Infectious diseases pose threats from natural and manmade sources, and arguably the situation is getting worse. The outbreak of the coronavirus causing the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) shows that the world is linked by thousands of people traveling millions of miles every single day who can spread SARS or new strains of influenza with pandemic potential.1 The world is also becoming a more dangerous place, with rogue nations and terrorist networks aggressively seeking nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons. Of these, biological weapons are the cheapest to produce and likely the most attractive because they can be used anonymously.
SN  - 1535-5535
AD  - IBD Division, MS C333, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545; beugelsdijk@lanl.gov
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106771070
T1  - A full scanning system and a new processing method for capillary electrophoresis.
AU  - Olazabal V
AU  - Prasad L
AU  - Stark P
AU  - Olivares JA
Y1  - 2003/10//
N1  - Accession Number: 106771070. Language: English. Entry Date: 20040827. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; equations & formulas; pictorial; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. 
KW  - Electrophoresis -- Methods
KW  - Electrophoresis -- Equipment and Supplies
KW  - DNA -- Analysis
SP  - 35
EP  - 41
JO  - JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JF  - JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JA  - JALA
VL  - 8
IS  - 5
CY  - New York, New York
PB  - Elsevier Science
AB  - A system using a liquid-core waveguide for the full scanning of capillary electrophoresis processes is presented. The system utilizes the liquid-core waveguide as an efficient window for the excitation of separated samples and the collection of light through total internal reflectance, with zeptomolar detection limits. Scanning the excitation laser along the length of the electrophoresis capillary excites individually separated analyte bands, while the fluorescence is collected end-on by an optical fiber coupled to a photomultiplier. A new procedure for denoising and deconvolution was applied to the experimental electropherograms, removing the noise and resolving the highly overlapped peaks observed in early stages of the separation.
SN  - 1535-5535
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, Michelsen Resource, B-4, PO Box 1663, MS-T001, Los Alamos, NM 87545; olivares@lanl.gov
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shawky, Hany A.
AU  - Marathe, Achla
AU  - Barrett, Christopher L.
AD  - U Albany
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
T1  - A First Look at the Empirical Relation between Spot and Futures Electricity Prices in the United States
JO  - Journal of Futures Markets
JF  - Journal of Futures Markets
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 10
SP  - 931
EP  - 955
SN  - 02707314
N1  - Accession Number: 0663616; Keywords: Electricity; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200310
N2  - In this article we investigate the statistical properties of wholesale electricity spot and futures prices traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange for delivery at the California-Oregon Border. Using daily data for the years 1998 and 1999, we find that many of the characteristics of the electricity market can be viewed to be broadly consistent with efficient markets. The futures risk premium for 6-month futures contracts is estimated to be 0.1328% per day or about 4% per month. Using a GARCH specification, we estimate minimum variance hedge ratios for electricity futures. Finally, we study the dynamic relation between spot and futures prices using an Exponential GARCH model and between the spot and futures returns series using a vector autoregression.
KW  - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing; option pricing          G13
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291096-9934/issues
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291096-9934/issues
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lynd, Lee R.
AU  - Wang, Michael Q.
T1  - A Product-Nonspecific Framework for Evaluating the Potential of Biomass-Based Products to Displace Fossil Fuels.
JO  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
JF  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 7
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 32
SN  - 10881980
AB  - The use of biomass as a raw material for production of fuels and commodity chemicals is attracting increasing attention motivated by the possibility of positive contributions to a sustainable resource supply, enhanced national security, and macroeconomic benefits for rural communities and society at large. Fossil fuel displacement exclusive of product recovery can be estimated for biological processing of biomass in the absence of product-specific information other than the product yield and whether fermentation is aerobic or anaerobic. Based on this observation, a framework is proposed for estimating fossil fuel displacement on a per-unit-product or per-unit-biomass basis. Use of a per-unit-biomass basis offers somewhat different insights as compared to a per-unit-product basis and appears particularly appropriate for consideration of the efficacy of resource or land use. Using the proposed framework, the following feedstock and process factors are shown to be particularly important in determining the extent of fossil fuel displacement via biological processes: feedstock (corn or cellulosic) and, for corn, harvest mode (e.g., with or without stover recovery); biological conversion (aerobic or anaerobic); product yield; and the energy requirements for product recovery. When all of these factors are favorable, as in the case of the cellulosic ethanol scenario examined, significant fossil fuel displacement can be achieved. When all of these factors are unfavorable, as in the case of a scenario involving polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from corn without stover recovery, no net displacement is achieved. The proposed framework provides a means to screen processes with respect to potential for fossil fuel displacement in the absence of product-specific information, to gain general insights into feedstock and process features important in determining the extent to which fossil displacement is realized, and to rapidly incorporate product-specific information into a preexisting evaluative rubric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Industrial Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAW materials
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - FEEDSTOCK
KW  - bioenergy
KW  - biomass
KW  - energy balance
KW  - FOSSIL FUELS
KW  - LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)
KW  - renewable energy
N1  - Accession Number: 13078040; Lynd, Lee R. 1,2; Email Address: Lee.Lynd@Dartmouth.edu; Wang, Michael Q. 3; Affiliations: 1: Professor of engineering and adjunct professor of biological sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA; 2: Professor Extraordinary of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; 3: Research scientist, Center for Transportation Research of Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA; Issue Info: Fall2003, Vol. 7 Issue 3/4, p17; Thesaurus Term: RAW materials; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: FEEDSTOCK; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioenergy; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy balance; Author-Supplied Keyword: FOSSIL FUELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA); Author-Supplied Keyword: renewable energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424590 Other Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/108819803323059370
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheehan, John
AU  - Aden, Andy
AU  - Paustian, Keith
AU  - Killian, Kendrick
AU  - Brenner, John
AU  - Walsh, Marie
AU  - Nelson, Richard
T1  - Energy and Environmental Aspects of Using Corn Stover for Fuel Ethanol.
JO  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
JF  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 7
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 146
SN  - 10881980
AB  - Corn stover is the residue that is left behind after corn grain harvest. We have constructed a life-cycle model that describes collecting corn stover in the state of Iowa, in the Midwest of the United States, for the production and use of a fuel mixture consisting of 85% ethanol/15% gasoline (known as "E85") in a flexible-fuel light-duty vehicle. The model incorporates results from individual models for soil carbon dynamics, soil erosion, agronomics of stover collection and transport, and bioconversion of stover to ethanol. Limitations in available data forced us to focus on a scenario that assumes all farmers in the state of Iowa switch from their current cropping and tilling practices to continuous production of corn and "no-till" practices. Under these conditions, which maximize the amount of collectible stover, Iowa alone could produce almost 8 billion liters per year of pure stover-derived ethanol (E100) at prices competitive with today's corn-starch-derived fuel ethanol. Soil organic matter, an important indicator of soil health, drops slightly in the early years of stover collection but remains stable over the 90-year time frame studied. Soil erosion is controlled at levels within tolerable soil-loss limits established for each county in Iowa by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We find that, for each kilometer fueled by the ethanol portion of E85, the vehicle uses 95% less petroleum compared to a kilometer driven in the same vehicle on gasoline. Total fossil energy use (coal, oil, and natural gas) and greenhouse gas emissions (fossil CO2, N2O, and CH4) on a life-cycle basis are 102% and 113% lower, respectively. Air quality impacts are mixed, with emissions of CO, NOx, and SOx increasing, whereas hydrocarbon ozone precursors are reduced. This model can serve as a platform for future discussion and analysis of possible scenarios for the sustainable production of transportation fuels from corn stover and other agricultural residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Industrial Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS energy
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - CORN stover
KW  - CORN stover as fuel
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - agricultural residues
KW  - BIOFUELS
KW  - biomass
KW  - E85
KW  - life-cycle assessment (LCA)
KW  - soil organic carbon (SOC)
N1  - Accession Number: 13078057; Sheehan, John 1; Email Address: john_sheehan@nrel.gov; Aden, Andy 2; Paustian, Keith 3; Killian, Kendrick 4; Brenner, John 5; Walsh, Marie 6; Nelson, Richard 7; Affiliations: 1: Senior engineer, U.S. Department of Energy's National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S. DOE NREL), Golden, Colorado, USA; 2: Process engineer, U.S. DOE NREL; 3: Professor, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences and senior research scientist, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA; 4: Research associate, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory; 5: Cooperating scientist and research associate, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory; 6: Research staff economist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, and an adjunct associate professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; 7: Department head and director, Engineering Extension Programs, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA; Issue Info: Fall2003, Vol. 7 Issue 3/4, p117; Subject Term: BIOMASS energy; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: CORN stover; Subject Term: CORN stover as fuel; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: agricultural residues; Author-Supplied Keyword: BIOFUELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: E85; Author-Supplied Keyword: life-cycle assessment (LCA); Author-Supplied Keyword: soil organic carbon (SOC); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; Number of Pages: 30p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 9 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/108819803323059433
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13078057&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perkins, Simon
AU  - Lacker, Kevin
AU  - Theiler, James
T1  - Grafting: Fast, Incremental Feature Selection by Gradient Descent in Function Space.
JO  - Journal of Machine Learning Research
JF  - Journal of Machine Learning Research
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 3
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1333
EP  - 1356
PB  - Microtome Publishing
SN  - 15324435
AB  - We present a novel and flexible approach to the problem of feature selection, called grafting. Rather than considering feature selection as separate from learning, grafting treats the selection of suitable features as an integral pan of learning a predictor in a regularized learning framework. To make this regularized learning process sufficiently fast for large scale problems, grafting operates in an incremental iterative fashion, gradually building up a feature set while training a predictor model using gradient descent. At each iteration, a fast gradient-based heuristic is used to quickly assess which feature is most likely to improve the existing model, that feature is then added to the model, and the model is incrementally optimized using gradient descent. The algorithm scales linearly with the number of data points and at most quadratically with the number of features. Grafting can be used with a variety of predictor model classes, both linear and non-linear, and can be used for both classification and regression. Experiments are reported here on a variant of grafting for classification, using both linear and non-linear models, and using a logistic regression-inspired loss function. Results on a variety of synthetic and real world data sets are presented. Finally the relationship between grafting, stagewise additive modelling, and boosting is explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Machine Learning Research is the property of Microtome Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - MACHINE learning
KW  - FUNCTION spaces
KW  - LOGISTIC regression analysis
KW  - LOGISTIC distribution (Probability)
KW  - boosting.
KW  - feature selection
KW  - functional gradient descent
KW  - loss functions
KW  - margin space
N1  - Accession Number: 11940234; Perkins, Simon 1; Lacker, Kevin 2; Theiler, James 3; Affiliations: 1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; 2: Department of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley; 3: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos, NAtional Laboratory, NM, USA; Issue Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 3 Issue 7/8, p1333; Thesaurus Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: MACHINE learning; Subject Term: FUNCTION spaces; Subject Term: LOGISTIC regression analysis; Subject Term: LOGISTIC distribution (Probability); Author-Supplied Keyword: boosting.; Author-Supplied Keyword: feature selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: functional gradient descent; Author-Supplied Keyword: loss functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: margin space; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gardner, D. L.
AU  - Swift, G. W.
T1  - A cascade thermoacoustic engine.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 114
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1905
EP  - 1919
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A cascade thermoacoustic engine is described, consisting of one standing-wave stage plus two traveling-wave stages in series. Most of the acoustic power is produced in the efficient traveling-wave stages. The straight-line series configuration is easy to build and allows no Gedeon streaming. The engine delivers up to 2 kW of acoustic power, with an efficiency (the ratio of acoustic power to heater power) of up to 20%. An understanding of the pressure and volume-velocity  waves is very good. The agreement between measured and calculated powers and temperatures is reasonable. Some of the measured thermal power that cannot be accounted for by calculation can be attributed to Rayleigh streaming in the two thermal buffer tubes with the largest aspect ratios. A straightforward extension of this work should yield cascade thermoacoustic engines with efficiencies of around 35-40% of the Carnot efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINES
KW  - CASCADES (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - RAYLEIGH waves
KW  - CARNOT cycle
N1  - Accession Number: 20548707; Gardner, D. L. 1; Swift, G. W. 1; Email Address: swift@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;  Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 114 Issue 4, p1905; Subject Term: ENGINES; Subject Term: CASCADES (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH waves; Subject Term: CARNOT cycle; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1612483
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20548707&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, V.S. Anil
AU  - Ramesh, H.
T1  - COVERING RECTILINEAR POLYGONS WITH AXIS-PARALLEL RECTANGLES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1509
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - Provides a factor approximation algorithm for covering a rectilinear polygon with holes using axis-parallel rectangle.  First polynomial time approximation algorithm for this problem with an o (log n) approximation factor; Applications of the problem; Determination of its computational complexity; Approximation results.
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - RECTANGLES
N1  - Accession Number: 11126570; Kumar, V.S. Anil 1; Email Address: anil@lanl.gov; Ramesh, H. 2; Email Address: ramesh@csa.iisc.ernet.in; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; 2: Department of Computer Science and Automation, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p1509; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: RECTANGLES; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petersen, Ole William
AU  - Gudjonsson, Thorarinn
AU  - Villadsen, René
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
AU  - Lone Rønnov-Jessen
T1  - Epithelial progenitor cell lines as models of normal breast morphogenesis and neoplasia.
JO  - Cell Proliferation
JF  - Cell Proliferation
Y1  - 2003/10/02/Oct2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 09607722
AB  - The majority of human breast carcinomas exhibit luminal characteristics and as such, are most probably derived from progenitor cells within the luminal epithelial compartment. This has been subdivided recently into at least three luminal subtypes based on gene expression patterns. The value of knowing the cellular origin of individual tumours is clear and should aid in designing effective therapies. To do this, however, we need strategies aimed at defining the nature of stem and progenitor cell populations in the normal breast. In this review, we will discuss our technical approach for delineating the origin of the epithelial cell types. A major step forward was the purification of each cell type by the application of immunomagnetic cell sorting based on expression of lineage-specific surface antigens. We then developed chemically defined media that could support either the luminal epithelial or the myoepithelial cell phenotype in primary cultures. Having succeeded in continuous propagation presumably without loss of markers, we could show that a subset of the luminal epithelial cells could convert to myoepithelial cells, signifying the possible existence of a progenitor cell population. By combining the information on marker expression and in situ localization with immunomagnetic sorting and subsequent immortalization, we have identifed and isolated a cytokeratin 19-positive suprabasal putative precursor cell in the luminal epithelial compartment and established representative cell lines. This suprabasal-derived epithelial cell line is able to generate both itself and differentiated luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells, and in addition, is able to form elaborate terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU)-like structures within a reconstituted basement membrane. As more than 90% of breast cancers arise in TDLUs and more than 90% are also cytokeratin 19-positive, we suggest that this cell population contains a breast-cancer progenitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cell Proliferation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL lines
KW  - MORPHOGENESIS
KW  - CELL proliferation
N1  - Accession Number: 10991423; Petersen, Ole William 1; Gudjonsson, Thorarinn 1,2; Villadsen, René 1; Bissell, Mina J. 3; Lone Rønnov-Jessen 4; Source Information: Oct2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 36, p33; Subject: CELL lines; Subject: MORPHOGENESIS; Subject: CELL proliferation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2184.36.s.1.4.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riley, David
AU  - Keenan, Roisin
AU  - Topping, Simon J.
AU  - Khattak, Fida Y.
AU  - McEvoy, Anne-Marie
AU  - Angulo, Julio J.
AU  - Lamb, Martin J.
AU  - Lewis, Ciaran L. S.
AU  - Neely, David
AU  - Notley, Margaret
T1  - Potential for Thomson Scatter With an X-Ray Laser.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/10/02/Oct2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1016
EP  - 1022
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The authors present an analysis of an X-ray laser Thomson scatter experiment attempted at the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory. Although the experiment was for technical reasons not completed, an analysis of the feasibility is instructive. X-ray lasers are potentially a useful source for this type of experiment as they have high brightness, short pulse duration, and low divergence. Thomson scatter has proved to be a powerful diagnostic technique in low density plasmas and the extension of this diagnostic technique to shorter wavelengths in the XUV region would allow probing of plasmas at higher densities where classical plasma models such as the Debye-Hückel model breakdown. The authors show in their analysis that, at current output levels, self-emission may hamper attempts to probe high-density plasmas. However, a range of interesting plasmas can he probed which would be too optically thick for optical probing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray lasers
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - Plasmas
KW  - Thomson scatter
N1  - Accession Number: 11298480; Riley, David 1; Email Address: d.riley@qub.ac.uk; Keenan, Roisin 2; Topping, Simon J. 1; Khattak, Fida Y. 1; McEvoy, Anne-Marie 1; Angulo, Julio J. 1; Lamb, Martin J. 1; Lewis, Ciaran L. S. 1; Neely, David 3; Notley, Margaret 3; Affiliations: 1: School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 INN, U.K.; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; 3: Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX 11 OQX, U.K.; Issue Info: Oct2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p1016; Subject Term: X-ray lasers; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thomson scatter; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.818769
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Tracking Down the Origin of Arc Plasma Science  I. Early Pulsed and Oscillating Discharges.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/10/02/Oct2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1052
EP  - 1059
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The early development of arc plasma physics is closely related to the development of suitable sources of electrical energy. The harnessing of electrostatic charge in Leyden jars (early capacitors) enabled the controlled production of sparks and pulsed arcs. A contemporary introduction to sparks and arcs gives the foundation for critically assessing the early development, when observation and discovery of phenomena were still far from understanding. The modern development of discharge physics can be traced back to the 18th century. Notably, and generally unnoticed by the scientific community until today, Joseph Priestley observed cathode erosion and film deposition of cathode material as early as 1766. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - Arc
KW  - Capacitor discharges
KW  - cathodic arc deposition
KW  - history
KW  - Priestley Rings
KW  - spark discharges
KW  - PRIESTLEY, Joseph, 1733-1804
N1  - Accession Number: 11298485; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-8233 USA; Issue Info: Oct2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p1052; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacitor discharges; Author-Supplied Keyword: cathodic arc deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: history; Author-Supplied Keyword: Priestley Rings; Author-Supplied Keyword: spark discharges; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; People: PRIESTLEY, Joseph, 1733-1804; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.815476
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=11298485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Tracking Down the Origin of Arc Plasma Science -- II. Early Continuous Discharges.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/10/02/Oct2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1060
EP  - 1069
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Continuous discharges could only be obtained after enduring energy sources became available, namely in the form of a battery of electrochemical cells, invented by Volta in late 1799. Humphry Davy is often credited with the discovery of the arc discharge, which later led to the development of the carbon arc lamp. Indeed, as early as 1800, he obtained short pulsed arcs with his Voltaic pile. Independently, and earlier than Davy in the sense of continuous discharges, the Russian Vasilii Petrov of St. Petersburg made carbon arcs in 1802. Petrov used a pile of 4200 electrochemical cells to drive what was the most powerful discharge at that time. Petrov's publication of 1803 appeared only in Russian, and his work was ignored and forgotten for over a century. Davy pursued highly successful electrochemical experiments and was unaware of Petrov's work. He increased the size of his battery in several steps, which led to increasingly powerful discharges, most likely an undesired side effect. After 1808, using the new battery of the Royal Institution, Davy demonstrated continuous arc discharges. The exact dates and circumstances of early arc demonstrations around 1810 are still the subject of research, but later arc experiments such as those at the London Institution of 1821 are well documented. While Petrov could claim priority for continuous carbon arcs, it was Davy who made a lasting impact on further development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - ARC lamps
KW  - Arcs
KW  - carbon arc lamp
KW  - electrochemical cell
KW  - history
KW  - Humphry Davy
KW  - Vasilii Petrov
KW  - voltaic battery
KW  - DAVY, Humphry, Sir, 1778-1829
N1  - Accession Number: 11298486; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-8233 USA; Issue Info: Oct2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p1060; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: ARC lamps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arcs; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon arc lamp; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrochemical cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: history; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humphry Davy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vasilii Petrov; Author-Supplied Keyword: voltaic battery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; People: DAVY, Humphry, Sir, 1778-1829; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.815477
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=11298486&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinnaduwage, L.A.
AU  - Gehl, A.
AU  - Hedden, D.L.
AU  - Muralidharan, G.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Lareau, R.T.
AU  - Sulchek, T.
AU  - Manning, L.
AU  - Rogers, B.
AU  - Jones, M.
AU  - Adams, J.D.
T1  - Explosives: A microsensor for trinitrotoluene vapour.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/10/02/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6957
M3  - Article
SP  - 474
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Sensing devices designed to detect explosive vapours are bulky, expensive and in need of technological improvement - dogs remain the most effective detectors in the fight against terrorism and in the removal of land-mines. Here we demonstrate the deflagration of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in a small localized explosion on an uncoated piezoresistive microcantilever. This explosive-vapour sensor, which has a detection capability that is comparable to that of a dog, should enable extremely sensitive, miniature detection devices to be used on a large scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TNT (Chemical)
KW  - EXPLOSIONS
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 10983473; Pinnaduwage, L.A. 1,2; Gehl, A. 1,2; Hedden, D.L. 1,2; Muralidharan, G. 1; Thundat, T. 1,2; Lareau, R.T. 3; Sulchek, T. 4; Manning, L. 4; Rogers, B. 4; Jones, M. 4; Adams, J.D. 4; Email Address: jdadams@unr.edu; Source Information: 10/2/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6957, p474; Subject: TNT (Chemical); Subject: EXPLOSIONS; Subject: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/425474a
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=10983473&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibson, Emily A.
AU  - Paul, Ariel
AU  - Wagner, Nick
AU  - Tobey, Ra'anan
AU  - Gaudiosi, David
AU  - Backus, Sterling
AU  - Christov, Ivan P.
AU  - Aquila, Andy
AU  - Gullikson, Eric M.
AU  - Attwood, David T.
AU  - Murnane, Margaret M.
AU  - Kapteyn, Henry C.
T1  - Coherent Soft X-ray Generation in the Water Window with Quasi-Phase Matching.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/03/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5642
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 98
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We demonstrate enhanced generation of coherent light in the "water window" region of the soft x-ray spectrum at 4.4 nanometers, using quasi-phase-matched frequency conversion of ultrafast laser pulses. By periodically modulating the diameter of a gas-filled hollow waveguide, the phase mismatch normally present between the laser light and the generated soft x-ray light can be partially compensated. This makes it possible to use neon gas as the nonlinear medium to coherently convert light up to the water window, illustrating that techniques of nonlinear optics can be applied effectively in the soft x-ray region of the spectrum. These results advance the prospects for compact coherent soft x-ray sources for applications in biomicroscopy and in chemical spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - NEON
KW  - GASES
N1  - Accession Number: 18082342; Gibson, Emily A. 1; Paul, Ariel 1; Wagner, Nick 1; Tobey, Ra'anan 1; Gaudiosi, David 1; Backus, Sterling 1; Christov, Ivan P. 2; Aquila, Andy 3; Gullikson, Eric M. 3; Attwood, David T. 3,4; Murnane, Margaret M. 1; Kapteyn, Henry C. 1; Email Address: kapteyn@jila.colorado.edu; Source Information: 10/3/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5642, p95; Subject: X-rays; Subject: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject: OPTICS; Subject: LASERS; Subject: NEON; Subject: GASES; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3490
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillips, Philip
AU  - Dalidovich, Denis
T1  - The Elusive Bose Metal.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/10/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5643
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 247
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The conventional theory of metals is in crisis. In the past 15 years, there has been an unexpected sprouting of metallic states in Low-dimensional systems, directly contradicting conventional wisdom. For example, bosons are thought to exist in one of two ground states: condensed in a superconductor or localized in an insulator. However, several experiments on thin metal-alloy films have observed that a metallic phase disrupts the direct transition between the superconductor and the insulator. We analyze the experiments on the insulator-superconductor transition and argue that the intervening metallic phase is bosonic. All relevant theoretical proposals for the Bose metal are discussed, particularly the recent idea that the metallic phase is glassy. The implications for the putative vortex-glass state in the copper oxide superconductors are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11166910; Phillips, Philip 1; Dalidovich, Denis 2; Source Information: 10/10/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5643, p243; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject: SOLID state electronics; Subject: METALS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4861
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calvert, Jack G.
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
T1  - A modeling study of the mechanism of the halogen–ozone–mercury homogeneous reactions in the troposphere during the polar spring
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/10/11/
VL  - 37
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 4467
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Computer simulations are described for the homogeneous portion of the chemistry of the ozone and mercury depletion observed in the troposphere during the polar spring. Conditions chosen are similar to those of a clear day (17 March) at the location of Barrow, Alaska. Small amounts of reactive trace gases, representative of the Arctic spring, are present initially with typical background levels of Hg (0.24 ppt) and 50 ppb of O3. The simulations show that ozone and gaseous atomic mercury depletion are both strong functions of two important variables: (1) the concentrations of Br2 and BrCl present during the day; and (2) the concentrations of reactive trace gases such as CH2O present in the air mass. The simulated rate of Hg depletion and the expected product distribution are also functions of the size of the rate coefficient for the Hg+BrO reaction (<f>k17</f>). The relatively small extent of O3 and Hg depletion rates that result from Cl–ClO chemistry and the major effects that result from the Br–BrO chemistry are rationalized in terms of the significant differences in the reaction mechanisms for the two halogens. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ozone layer depletion
KW  - Troposphere
KW  - Halogens
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Arctic Hg depletion in troposphere
KW  - Arctic O3 depletion in troposphere
KW  - Computer simulations BrO–Br–ClO–Cl–O3 chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 10799421; Calvert, Jack G.; Email Address: calvertj@ornl.gov; Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Email Address: Lindbergse@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN 27831-6038, USA;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 32, p4467; Thesaurus Term: Ozone layer depletion; Thesaurus Term: Troposphere; Thesaurus Term: Halogens; Subject Term: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arctic Hg depletion in troposphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arctic O3 depletion in troposphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations BrO–Br–ClO–Cl–O3 chemistry; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
AU  - Malone, Boyd
AU  - Storey, John M.E.
T1  - Monitoring cellular responses of engine-emitted particles by using a direct air–cell interface deposition technique
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 53
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
SN  - 00456535
AB  - The impacts of ultrafine airborne particles generated by diesel or gasoline engines on human lung cells have been investigated using a new in vitro cellular exposure technique. This technique enables direct deposition of the gasoline engine exhaust particles (GEP) and diesel engine exhaust particles (DEP) on human lung cells located at the air–cell interface on a transwell membrane in an exposure apparatus. The cellular responses to particle exposure were measured by the levels of IL-8 chemokines produced as a function of exposure time. The findings suggest that GEP and high-sulfur DEP induced the production of similar levels of IL-8 by unprimed A549 cells. The level of IL-8 produced by unprimed A549 cells in response to low-sulfur DEP was found lower than that produced in response to high-sulfur DEP and GEP. When cells were primed, simulating predisposed conditions, significant levels of IL-8 were produced. GEP triggered a much higher level of IL-8 production than DEP did. Furthermore, the time profile of IL-8 production induced by GEP was markedly different from that induced by DEP. The findings indicate that GEP could induce the production of higher levels of chemokines (i.e., IL-8) than DEP did, implying that exposure to GEP could be a greater health risk than exposure to DEP. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biology
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Petroleum products
KW  - Cells
KW  - Spark ignition engines
KW  - Chemokines
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Aerosol deposition
KW  - Air–cell interface
KW  - Cytokines
KW  - Human lung cells
KW  - Internal combustion engines
N1  - Accession Number: 10575408; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov; Malone, Boyd 1; Storey, John M.E. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 2 : Engineering Technology and Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA;  Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 53 Issue 3, p237; Thesaurus Term: Biology; Thesaurus Term: Gasoline; Thesaurus Term: Petroleum products; Subject Term: Cells; Subject Term: Spark ignition engines; Subject Term: Chemokines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air–cell interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytokines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human lung cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal combustion engines; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00555-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalabegishvili, Tamaz L.
AU  - Tsibakhashvili, Nelly Y.
AU  - Holman, Hoi-Ying N.
T1  - Electron Spin Resonance Study of Chromium(V) Formation and Decomposition by Basalt-Inhabiting Bacteria.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4678
EP  - 4684
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Bacterial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) compounds may produce reactive intermediates Cr(IV), which can affect the mobility and toxicity of chromium in environments. To address this important subject, we conducted an electron spin resonance (ESR) study to understand the kinetics of the formation and decomposition of Cr(V) during Cr(VI) reduction by different Gram-positive Cr(VI)-tolerant bacteria which were isolated from polluted basalts from the United States of America and the Republic of Georgia. Results form our batch experiments show that during Cr(VI) reduction, the macromolecules at the cell wall of these bacteria could act as an electron donor to Cr(VI) to form a stable square-pyramidal Cr(V) complexes, which were reduced further probably via a one-electron transfer pathway to form Cr(IV) and Cr(III) compounds. The Cr(V) peak at the ESR spectrum possessed superhyperfine splitting characteristic of the Cr(V) complexes with diol-containing molecules. It appears that the kinetic of Cr(V) formation and decomposition dependent on the bacterial growth phase and on the species. Both formation and decomposition of Cr(V) occurred more quickly when Cr(VI) was added at the exponential phase. In comparison with other Gram-positive bacterial from the republic of Georgia, the formation and decomposition of Cr(V) in Arthrobacter species from the Unites States was significantly slower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - CHROMIUM ions
KW  - GRAM-positive bacteria
KW  - ARTHROBACTER
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 11870915; Kalabegishvili, Tamaz L. 1; Tsibakhashvili, Nelly Y. 1; Email Address: ntsiba@gol.ge; Holman, Hoi-Ying N. 2; Affiliations: 1: Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi 0177, Georgia.; 2: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 20, p4678; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: CHROMIUM ions; Subject Term: GRAM-positive bacteria; Subject Term: ARTHROBACTER; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lunden, Melissa M.
AU  - Thatcher, Tracy L.
AU  - Hering, Susanne V.
AU  - Brown, Nancy J.
T1  - Use of Time- and Chemically Resolved Particulate Data To Characterize the Infiltration of Outdoor PM[sub2.5] into a Residence in the San Joaquin Valley.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4724
EP  - 4732
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Recent studies associate particular air pollution with adverse health effects. The indoor exposure to particles of outdoor origin is not well-characterized, particularly for individual chemical species. In response to this, a field study in an unoccupied, single-story residence in Clovis, CA, was conducted. Real-time particle monitors were used both outdoors and indoors to quantity PM[sub2.5] nitrate, sulfate, and carbon. The aggregate of the highly time-resolved sulfate data, as well as averages of these data, was fit using a time-averaged from of the infiltration equation, resulting in reasonable value for the penetration coefficient and deposition loss rate. In contrast, individual value of the indoor/outdoor ratio can vary significantly from that predicted by the model for time scales ranging from a few minutes to several hours. Measured indoor ammonium nitrate levels were typically significantly lower than expected solely on the basis of penetration and deposition losses. The additional reduction is due to the transformation of ammonium nitrate into ammonia and nitric acid gases indoors, which are subsequently lost by deposition and sorption to indoor surfaces. This result illustrates that exposure assessments based on total outdoor particle mass can obscure the actual causal relationships for indoor exposures to particles of outdoor origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - HEALTH
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - SULFATES
KW  - SAN Joaquin Valley (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11870921; Lunden, Melissa M. 1; Email Address: mmlunden@lbl.gov; Thatcher, Tracy L. 1; Hering, Susanne V. 2; Brown, Nancy J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Aerosol Dynamics Inc., 2329 Fourth Street, Berkeley, California 94710.; Issue Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 20, p4724; Thesaurus Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: HEALTH; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: SULFATES; Subject: SAN Joaquin Valley (Calif.); Subject: CALIFORNIA; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dyer, G.
AU  - Sheppherd, R.
AU  - Kuba, J.
AU  - Fill, E.
AU  - Wootton, A.
AU  - Patel, P.
AU  - Price, D.
AU  - Ditmire, T.
T1  - Isochoric heating of solid aluminium with picosecond X-ray pulses.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2495
SN  - 09500340
AB  - High-energy-density matter in quite unique parameter regimes can be studied using an intense laser pulse to heat isochorically an initially cold solid density target. Such isochoric heating experiments permit study of the properties, such as the equation of state, of heated matter. One of the principal challenges of these experiments is to heat sufficiently thick layers so that they will be inertially confined over times scales sufficient for equilibration, times that are often many picoseconds, even at these high densities. One approach to this problem is to heat a solid target not with the laser pulse directly, which deposits its energy only over a few nanometres, but to heat with penetrating X-rays. In this paper, we present preliminary results where such ultrafast X-ray heating is demonstrated using a short-pulse laser-driven silicon Kα source to heat a layer of solid density aluminium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Modern Optics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATTER
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - HEATING
N1  - Accession Number: 11157718; Dyer, G. 1; Email Address: tditmire@physics.utexas.edu; Sheppherd, R. 2; Kuba, J. 1; Fill, E. 3; Wootton, A. 2; Patel, P. 1; Price, D. 1; Ditmire, T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, University of Texas; 2: Physics and Advanced Technology Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 3: Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik; Issue Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 15-17, p2495; Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: HEATING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, R.W.
AU  - Heebner, J.E.
AU  - Lepeshkin, N.N.
AU  - Park, Q.-H.
AU  - Schweinsberg, A.
AU  - Wicks, G.W.
AU  - Baca, A.S.
AU  - Fajardo, J.E.
AU  - Hancock, R.R.
AU  - Lewis, M.A.
AU  - Boysel, R.M.
AU  - Quesada, M.
AU  - Welty, R.
AU  - Bleier, A.R.
AU  - Treichler, J.
AU  - Slusher, R.E.
T1  - Nanofabrication of optical structures and devices for photonics and biophotonics.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2543
SN  - 09500340
AB  - Nanofabrication offers promise for the design of artificial materials with optical properties unlike those of materials occurring in nature and for the design of new and exotic optical devices. We describe some specific ideas for applications in this area, and present some laboratory results on the development of these applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Modern Optics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHOTONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11157721; Boyd, R.W. 1; Heebner, J.E. 1; Lepeshkin, N.N. 1; Park, Q.-H. 1; Schweinsberg, A. 1; Wicks, G.W. 1; Baca, A.S. 2; Fajardo, J.E. 2; Hancock, R.R. 2; Lewis, M.A. 2; Boysel, R.M. 2; Quesada, M. 2; Welty, R. 3; Bleier, A.R. 4; Treichler, J. 4; Slusher, R.E. 5; Affiliations: 1: The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester; 2: Corning Inc.; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 4: Cornell Nano-Scale Science and Technology Facility, University; 5: Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies; Issue Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 15-17, p2543; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shvets, Gennady
AU  - Tushentsov, Mikhail
T1  - Nonlinear propagation of electromagnetic waves in a plasma by means of electromagnetically induced transparency.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2583
SN  - 09500340
AB  - Magnetized plasma can be made transparent at the cyclotron frequency by addition of a helical undulator. The purpose of the undulator is to couple the transverse (propagating) and longitudinal (non-propagating) electromagnetic waves in the plasma. The coupling is particularly strong when the electron cyclotron and plasma frequencies are equal. It is demonstrated that this coupling gives rise to ultra-slow electromagnetic waves with group velocity v g ≪ c (where c is the speed of light in vacuum), resulting in the extreme energy compression in the plasma. A linear propagation equation for the electromagnetic wave envelope is derived, and its group velocity and group velocity dispersion are calculated. Relativistic corrections to the plasma electron motion are included to derive the nonlinear propagation equation. It is shown that, in comparison with unmagnetized plasma, an enhancement of nonlinearities of order is expected. Implications for relativistic self-focusing in the plasma are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Modern Optics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - TRANSPARENCY (Optics)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
N1  - Accession Number: 11157711; Shvets, Gennady 1; Tushentsov, Mikhail 2; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; 2: Illinois Institute of Technology; Issue Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 15-17, p2583; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: TRANSPARENCY (Optics); Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yusheng Dou, Thomas
AU  - Torralva, Ben R.
AU  - Allen, Roland E.
T1  - Semiclassical electron-radiation-ion dynamics (SERID) and cis - trans photoisomerization of butadiene.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2615
SN  - 09500340
AB  - Detailed simulations are reported for the dynamics of electrons and nuclei during the cis - trans isomerization of butadiene following a femtosecond-scale laser pulse. Our technique, semiclassical electron-radiation-ion dynamics (SERID), is fully described in the text. The one-electron Hamiltonian and ion-ion interactions employed in the present work are density-functional based. Following excitation of electrons by the laser pulse, all three C-C bonds in the butadiene molecule become longer, as electrons are promoted from the HOMO to both the LUMO and LUMO+1 levels. In the excited electronic state, the molecule rotates about all of its three C-C bonds. There are then non-adiabatic events near avoided crossings, with electronic transitions to the ground state via creation of vibrational excitations. The molecule continues to twist around the central bond and one of the terminal C-C bonds, until the trans -conformation is achieved. Various features in the behaviour of the vibrational modes can also be observed, including initial excitations due to the laser pulse, further excitations at avoided crossings and the redistribution of vibrational energy between modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Modern Optics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - BUTADIENE
KW  - PHOTOISOMERIZATION
KW  - EXCITON theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11157715; Yusheng Dou, Thomas 1; Torralva, Ben R. 2; Allen, Roland E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Physics Department, Texas A&M University; 2: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 15-17, p2615; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: BUTADIENE; Subject Term: PHOTOISOMERIZATION; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosner, Robert
T1  - Solar physics: Heat exposure.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/10/16/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6959
M3  - Article
SP  - 672
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Presents information on the solar chromosphere, corona and outer layers of the Sun.  Reason outermost layers of the Sun are hotter than the solar surface; Technique used for reconstructing the magnetic-field geometry of the Sun; Analysis of the complex action of magnetic-field emergence from the solar interior.
KW  - SOLAR chromosphere
KW  - SOLAR corona
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SUN
N1  - Accession Number: 11097955; Rosner, Robert 1,2; Email Address: r-rosner@uchicago.edu; Source Information: 10/16/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6959, p672; Subject: SOLAR chromosphere; Subject: SOLAR corona; Subject: MAGNETIC fields; Subject: SUN; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/425672a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nobrega, Marcelo A.
AU  - Ovcharenko, Ivan
AU  - Afzal, Veena
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
T1  - Scanning Human Gene Deserts for Long-Range Enhancers.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/17/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5644
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
EP  - 413
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - This article focuses on scanning human gene deserts for long-range enhancers. Human DACH, a gene expressed in numerous tissues and involved in the development of brain, limbs, and sensory organs, spans 430 kb and is bracketed by two gene deserts 870 kb and 1330 kb in length. To identify evolutionarily conserved footprints corresponding to putative DACH enhancers, authors of this article compared the human DACH sequence and the bracketing gene deserts to orthologous intervals in vertebrate species.
KW  - GENES
KW  - VERTEBRATES
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - GENETIC research
N1  - Accession Number: 11279867; Nobrega, Marcelo A. 1,2; Ovcharenko, Ivan 1,2; Afzal, Veena 1,2; Rubin, Edward M. 1,2; Email Address: emrubin@lbl.gov; Source Information: 10/17/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5644, p413; Subject: GENES; Subject: VERTEBRATES; Subject: EVOLUTION (Biology); Subject: GENETIC research; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 846
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mao, Wendy L
AU  - Mao, Ho-kwang
AU  - Eng, Peter J.
AU  - Trainor, Thomas P.
AU  - Newville, Matthew
AU  - Kao, Chi-chang
AU  - Heinz, Dion L.
AU  - Shu, Jinfu
AU  - Meng, Yue
AU  - Hemley, Russell J.
T1  - Bonding Changes in Compressed Superhard Graphite.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/17/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5644
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 427
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - This article focuses on bonding changes in compressed superhard graphite. Compressed under ambient temperature, graphite undergoes a transition at ∼ 17 gigapascals. The near K-edge spectroscopy of carbon using synchrotron x-ray inelastic scattering reveals that half of the π-bonds between graphite layers convert to σ-bonds, whereas the other half remain as π-bonds in the high-pressure form. The x-ray diffraction pattern of the high-pressure form is consistent with a distorted graphite structure in which bridging carbon atoms between graphite layers pair and form σ-bonds, whereas the nonbridging carbon atoms remain unpaired with π-bonds. The high-pressure form is superhard, capable of indenting cubic-diamond single crystals.
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - X-rays
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11279871; Mao, Wendy L 1,2; Email Address: wmao@chicago.edu; Mao, Ho-kwang 1,2; Eng, Peter J. 3,4; Trainor, Thomas P. 3,5; Newville, Matthew 3; Kao, Chi-chang 6; Heinz, Dion L. 1,4; Shu, Jinfu 2; Meng, Yue 7; Hemley, Russell J. 2; Source Information: 10/17/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5644, p425; Subject: GRAPHITE; Subject: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject: X-rays; Subject: CHEMICAL structure; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1638
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hussey, N.E.
AU  - Abdel-Jawad, M.
AU  - Carrington, A.
AU  - Mackenzie, A.P.
AU  - Balicas, L.
T1  - A coherent three-dimensional Fermi surface in a high-transition-temperature superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/10/23/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6960
M3  - Letter
SP  - 814
SN  - 00280836
AB  - All conventional metals are known to possess a three-dimensional Fermi surface, which is the locus in reciprocal space of the long-lived electronic excitations that govern their electronic properties at low temperatures. These excitations should have well-defined momenta with components in all three dimensions. The high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) copper oxide superconductors have unusual, highly two-dimensional properties above the superconducting transition. This, coupled with a lack of unambiguous evidence for a three-dimensional Fermi surface, has led to many new and exotic models for the underlying electronic ground state. Here we report the observation of polar angular magnetoresistance oscillations in the overdoped superconductor Tl2Ba2CuO6+d in high magnetic fields, which firmly establishes the existence of a coherent three-dimensional Fermi surface. Analysis of the oscillations reveals that at certain symmetry points, however, this surface is strictly two-dimensional. This striking form of the Fermi surface topography, long-predicted by electronic band structure calculations, provides a natural explanation for a wide range of anisotropic properties both in the normal and superconducting states. Our data reveal that, despite their extreme electrical anisotropy, the high-Tc materials at high doping levels can be understood within a framework of conventional three-dimensional metal physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11158036; Hussey, N.E. 1; Abdel-Jawad, M. 1; Carrington, A. 1; Mackenzie, A.P. 2; Balicas, L. 3; Source Information: 10/23/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6960, p814; Subject: OSCILLATIONS; Subject: FERMI surfaces; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1038/nature01981
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ridgwell, Andy J.
AU  - Kennedy, Martin J.
AU  - Caldeira, Ken
T1  - Carbonate Deposition, Climate Stability, and NeoproterozoicIce Ages.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/31/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5646
M3  - Article
SP  - 859
EP  - 862
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The evolutionary success of planktic calcifiers during the Phanerozoic stabilized the climate system by introducing a new mechanism that acts to buffer ocean carbonate-ion concentration: the saturation-dependent preservation of carbonate in sea-floor sediments. Before this, buffering was primarily accomplished by adjustment of shallow-water carbonate deposition to balance oceanic inputs from weathering on land. Neoproterozoic ice ages of near-global extent and multimillion-year duration and the formation of distinctive sedimentary (cap) carbonates can thus be understood in terms of the greater sensitivity of the Precambrian carbon cycle to the loss of shallow-water environments and CO[sup2]-climate feedback on ice-sheet growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - IONS
KW  - CARBONATES
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
N1  - Accession Number: 11414498; Ridgwell, Andy J. 1; Email Address: andyr@citrus.ucr.edu; Kennedy, Martin J. 1; Caldeira, Ken 2; Source Information: 10/31/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5646, p859; Subject: OCEAN; Subject: IONS; Subject: CARBONATES; Subject: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3509
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fine, James
AU  - Vuilleumier, Laurent
AU  - Reynolds, Steve
AU  - Roth, Philip
AU  - Brown, Nancy
T1  - EVALUATING UNCERTAINTIES IN REGIONAL PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR QUALITY MODELING.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 106
SN  - 15435938
AB  - This review evaluates analyses that are or may be performed to estimate uncertainties associated with air quality modeling used in regulatory planning to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone. The sources of uncertainties in photochemical air quality simulation models (PAQSMs) are described. Regulatory requirements for evaluating PAQSM performance and uncertainty concerns not addressed through standard performance evaluations are discussed. Avail-able techniques for evaluating uncertainties are presented. Experiences with analyses conducted most commonly are reviewed, as are those that might be used in a cohesive model uncertainty evaluation. The review concludes with a call for renewed emphasis on applying current techniques complemented by heretofore sparsely used diagnostic, corroborative, and alternative approaches and enhanced observational databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photochemical smog
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - atmospheric transport
KW  - emissions controls
KW  - ozone
KW  - simulation models
N1  - Accession Number: 11470355; Fine, James 1; Email Address: jdfine@usfca.edu; Vuilleumier, Laurent 1,2; Email Address: laurent.vuilleumier@meteosuisse.ch; Reynolds, Steve 3; Email Address: steve@sreynolds.com; Roth, Philip 4; Email Address: pmr9@attbi.com; Brown, Nancy 1; Email Address: njbrown@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Atmospheric Sciences Department, Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1740; 2 : MeteoSwiss, Aerological Station, Les Invuardes, CH-1530 Payerne, Switzerland; 3 : Envair, 12 Palm Avenue, San Rafael, California 94901; 4 : Envair, 836 Fawn Drive, San Anselmo, California 94960;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p59; Thesaurus Term: Photochemical smog; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Subject Term: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: emissions controls; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation models; Number of Pages: 48p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.28.011503.163508
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - MacLeod, Matthew
T1  - TRACKING MULTIPLE PATHWAYS OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PERSISTENT MULTIMEDIA POLLUTANTS: Regional, Continental, and Global-Scale Models.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 492
SN  - 15435938
AB  - Widespread observations of organic pollutant compounds in vegetation, soil, animals, and human tissue have motivated research on more accurate characterizations of chemical transport over regional, continental, and global scales. Efforts to assess human and ecosystem exposure to contaminants from multiple environmental media have been evolving over the last several decades. In this review, we summarize the development and evolution of the multimedia mass-balance approach to pollutant fate and exposure evaluation and illustrate some of the calculations used in multimedia assessments. The concepts that form the foundation of Mackay-type mass-balance compartment models are described, and the ongoing efforts to use multimedia models to quantify human exposures are discussed. A series of case studies of varying complexity are used to illustrate capabilities and limitations of selected multimedia approaches. We look to the future and consider current challenges and opportunities in the field of multimedia contaminant fate and exposure modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Mass budget (Geophysics)
KW  - Multimedia systems
KW  - fugacity
KW  - mass-balance models
KW  - model evaluation
KW  - pollutant transport
N1  - Accession Number: 11470314; McKone, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: temckone@lbl.gov; MacLeod, Matthew 2; Email Address: mjmacleod@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : University of California, School of Public Health and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p463; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Mass budget (Geophysics); Subject Term: Multimedia systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: fugacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: mass-balance models; Author-Supplied Keyword: model evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: pollutant transport; Number of Pages: 34p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105623
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dilling, Lisa
AU  - Doney, Scott C.
AU  - Edmonds, Jae
AU  - Gurney, Kevin R.
AU  - Harriss, Robert
AU  - Schimel, David
AU  - Stephens, Britton
AU  - Stokes, Gerald
T1  - THE ROLE OF CARBON CYCLE OBSERVATIONS AND KNOWLEDGE IN CARBON MANAGEMENT.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 558
SN  - 15435938
AB  - Agriculture and industrial development have led to inadvertent changes in the natural carbon cycle. As a consequence, concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere and may lead to changes in climate. The current challenge facing society is to develop options for future management of the carbon cycle. A variety of approaches has been suggested: direct reduction of emissions, deliberate manipulation of the natural carbon cycle to enhance sequestration, and capture and isolation of carbon from fossil fuel use. Policy development to date has laid out some of the general principles to which carbon management should adhere. These are summarized as: how much carbon is stored, by what means, and for how long. To successfully manage carbon for climate purposes requires increased understanding of carbon cycle dynamics and improvement in the scientific capabilities available for measurement as well as for policy needs. The specific needs for scientific information to underpin carbon cycle management decisions are not yet broadly known. A stronger dialogue between decision makers and scientists must be developed to foster improved application of scientific knowledge to decisions. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the carbon cycle, carbon measurement capabilities (with an emphasis on the continental scale) and the relevance of carbon cycle science to carbon sequestration goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - climate
KW  - Kyoto protocol
KW  - measurement techniques
N1  - Accession Number: 11470306; Dilling, Lisa 1; Email Address: ldilling@ucar.edu; Doney, Scott C. 2; Email Address: sdoney@whoi.edu; Edmonds, Jae 3; Email Address: jae@pnl.gov; Gurney, Kevin R. 4; Email Address: keving@atmos.colostate.edu; Harriss, Robert 1; Email Address: harriss@ucar.edu; Schimel, David 5; Email Address: schimel@ucar.edu; Stephens, Britton 6; Email Address: stephens@ucar.edu; Stokes, Gerald 3; Email Address: stokes@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder Colorado 80307; 2 : Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, 360 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; 3 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland, 8400 Baltimore Ave. Suite 201 College Park, Maryland 20740; 4 : Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523; 5 : Climate and Global Dynamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307; 6 : Atmospheric Technology Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307;  Source Info: 2003, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p521; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kyoto protocol; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurement techniques; Number of Pages: 40p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.28.011503.163443
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stirling, Brigid
AU  - Zamin Koo Yang, Brigid
AU  - Gunter, Lee E.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Bradshaw Jr., H.D.
T1  - Comparative sequence analysis between orthologous regions of the Arabidopsis and Populus genomes reveals substantial synteny and microcollinearity.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
JF  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 33
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2245
EP  - 2251
SN  - 00455067
AB  - More than 300 kb of DNA sequence from five Populus bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones was compared with the complete sequence of the Arabidopsis genome to search for collinearity between the genomes of these two plant genera. Approximately 27% of the DNA sequences from the Populus genome were homologous to  protein-coding regions in the Arabidopsis genome. BLAST scores and synteny were used to infer orthologous relationships between the Populus and Arabidopsis homologs. The probability that any pair of genes on a single Populus BAC will have orthologs on the same Arabidopsis chromosome is 46%–58%, substantially greater than the 20% expectation if there is no conservation of synteny between the Populus and Arabidopsis genomes. Likewise, the probability that any pair of genes on a single Populus BAC will have orthologs on a single Arabidopsis BAC is 19%–25%, much higher than the 0.1% expected if the orthologs are randomly distributed. These results provide evidence for substantial "pockets" of conserved microcollinearity between regions of the Populus and Arabidopsis genomes as well as for conservation of synteny even when local gene collinearity is not preserved during genome evolution. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Les auteurs ont comparé plus de 300 kb de séquence d'ADN de Populus à la séquence complète du génome d'Arabidopsis afin de déterminer la colinéarité entre les génomes de ces deux genres chez les plantes. Les séquences de Populus ont été déterminées à partir de cinq portions du génome clonées à l'aide de chromosomes bactériens artificiels (CBA). Approximativement 27 % des séquences d'ADN de Populus étaient homologues aux régions codant pour des protéines du génome d'Arabidopsis. Les résultats de comparaison des séquences à l'aide du logiciel BLAST ainsi que la synténie ont été utilisés afin de vérifier l'orthologie entre les homologues de Populus et d'Arabidopsis. La probabilité que n'importe quelle paire de gènes d'un clone unique de CBA de Populus possède des orthologues sur le même chromosome d'Arabidopsis est de 46 à 58 %. Cette probabilité est beaucoup plus élevée que l'espérance de 20 % si la synténie n'était pas conservée entre les génomes de Populus et d'Arabidopsis. De la même façon, la probabilité que n'importe quelle paire de gènes d'un clone unique de CBA de Populus ait des orthologues sur un clone unique de CBA d'Arabidopsis est de 19 à 25 %, ce qui est plus élevé que le seuil de 0,1 % attendu si les orthologues étaient distribués aléatoirement. Ces résultats constituent des preuves que d'importantes zones conservées de micro-colinéarité existent entre les régions du génome de Populus et celui d'Arabidopsis, et que la synténie demeure conservée même lorsque la colinéarité locale des gènes n'a pas été préservée durant l'évolution des génomes.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Arabidopsis
KW  - Poplar
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Bacterial artificial chromosomes
KW  - Bacterial chromosomes
N1  - Accession Number: 11487206; Stirling, Brigid 1; Zamin Koo Yang, Brigid 2; Gunter, Lee E. 2; Tuskan, Gerald A. 2; Bradshaw Jr., H.D. 1; Email Address: toby@u.washington.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, U.S.A.; 2 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 33 Issue 11, p2245; Subject Term: Arabidopsis; Subject Term: Poplar; Subject Term: Genomes; Subject Term: Bacterial artificial chromosomes; Subject Term: Bacterial chromosomes; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/X03-155
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O’Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Kelly, Shelly D.
AU  - Kemner, Kenneth M.
AU  - Csencsits, Roseann
AU  - Cook, Russell E.
T1  - Reduction of AgI, AuIII, CuII, and HgII by FeII/FeIII hydroxysulfate green rust
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 53
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
SN  - 00456535
AB  - Green rusts are mixed FeII/FeIII hydroxides that are found in many suboxic environments where they are believed to play a central role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron. X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of hydroxysulfate green rust suspensions spiked with aqueous solutions of AgCH3COO, AuCln(OH)4−n, CuCl2, or HgCl2 showed that AgI, AuIII, CuII, and HgII were readily reduced to Ag0, Au0, Cu0, and Hg0. Imaging of the resulting solids from the AgI-, AuIII-, and CuII-amended green rust suspensions by transmission electron microscopy indicated the formation of submicron-sized particles of Ag0, Au0, and Cu0. The facile reduction of AgI, AuIII, CuII, and HgII to Ag0, Au0, Cu0, and Hg0, respectively, by green rust suggests that the presence of green rusts in suboxic soils and sediments can have a significant impact on the biogeochemistry of silver, gold, copper, and mercury, particularly with respect to their mobility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Iron
KW  - Hydroxides
KW  - Extended X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - Copper
KW  - Gold
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Silver
KW  - XAFS
KW  - Zero-valent
N1  - Accession Number: 10633839; O’Loughlin, Edward J. 1; Email Address: oloughlin@anl.gov; Kelly, Shelly D. 1; Kemner, Kenneth M. 1; Csencsits, Roseann 2; Cook, Russell E. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Room E-137, Building 203, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA; 2 : Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 53 Issue 5, p437; Thesaurus Term: Biogeochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Subject Term: Hydroxides; Subject Term: Extended X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zero-valent; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00545-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Donovan, RP;
T1  - Cleanroom particle sources, Part 1: Gas to particle conversions
CT  - Cleanroom particle sources, Part 1: Gas to particle conversions
JO  - Clean Rooms (USA)
JF  - Clean Rooms (USA)
Y1  - 2003/11/01/
VL  - 17
IS  - Nov
SP  - 8
SN  - 10438017
AD  - Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550, USA rdonov@sandia.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 41-05411; Language: English; References: 3; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Technology
N2  - A discussion of cleanroom aerosol particle sources, including the contribution of particles by human operators, processes and process equipment is presented; gas to particle conversions are considered.
KW  - Aseptic areas--clean rooms;
KW  - Contamination--clean rooms;
KW  - Particles--contamination;
KW  - Aerosols--contamination;
KW  - Equipment--clean rooms;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Govindasamy, B.
AU  - Duffy, P. B.
AU  - Coquard, J.
T1  - High-resolution simulations of global climate, part 2: effects of increased greenhouse cases.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 404
SN  - 09307575
AB  - We report results from the highest-resolution simulations of global warming yet performed with an atmospheric general circulation model. We compare the climatic response to increased greenhouse gases of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) climate model, CCM3, at T42 and T170 resolutions (horizontal grid spacing of 300 and 75 km respectively). All simulations use prescribed sea surface temperatures (SST). Simulations of the climate of 2100 ad use SSTs based on those from NCAR coupled model, Climate System Model (CSM). We find that the global climate sensitivity and large-scale patterns of climate change are similar at T42 and T170. However, there are important regional scale differences that arise due to better representation of topography and other factors at high resolution. Caution should be exercised in interpreting specific features in our results both because we have performed climate simulations using a single atmospheric general circulation model and because we used with prescribed sea surface temperatures rather than interactive ocean and sea-ice models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Global temperature changes
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere)
KW  - Climatic changes
N1  - Accession Number: 16983843; Govindasamy, B. 1; Email Address: bala@llnl.gov; Duffy, P. B. 1; Coquard, J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Climate and Carbon Cycle Modelling Group, Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA 94550, USA;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 21 Issue 5/6, p391; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Global temperature changes; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere); Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-003-0340-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=16983843&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Grossman, Robert L.
T1  - DATA INTEGRATION IN A BANDWIDTH-RICH WORLD.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 50
EP  - 57
PB  - Association for Computing Machinery
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article informs that exponential advances in sensors, storage systems and computers are producing data of unprecedented quantity and quality. Multi-terabyte and even petabyte data sets are emerging as major assets. The World-Wide Telescope linking hundreds of digital sky surveys is revolutionizing astronomy. And in industry multi-terabyte data warehouses of consumer transactional data are increasingly common. Today, data warehouses are centralized repositories of data used for reporting and querying. High-speed optical networks make it possible for data to instead be stored at its source. The article also informs that distributed data sources can be diverse in their formats, schema, quality, access mechanisms, ownership, access policies and capabilities. It says that data mining emerged from statistics as a new discipline during the past decade, as large data sets became more and more common and the need for new technology to mine them became critical.  INSET: Data-Integration Technologies..
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - BROADBAND communication systems
KW  - DATA mining
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - DISTRIBUTED databases
N1  - Accession Number: 11407036; Foster, Ian 1,2; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov; Grossman, Robert L. 3,4; Email Address: grossman@uic.edu; Affiliations: 1: Associate division director and senior scientist at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL; 2: Professor of computer science at The University of Chicago; 3: Director of the Laboratory of Advanced Computing and the Nationala Center for Data Mining at the University of Illinois at Chicago; 4: President of the Two Cultures Group, Chicago.; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 46 Issue 11, p50; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: BROADBAND communication systems; Thesaurus Term: DATA mining; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Thesaurus Term: DIGITAL communications; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION resources management; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED databases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/948383.948409
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozaki, Takudo
AU  - Kimura, Takaumi
AU  - Ohnuki, Toshihiko
AU  - Yoshida, Zenko
AU  - Francis, Arokiasamy
T1  - ASSOCIATION MECHANISMS OF EUROPIUM(III) AND CURIUM(III) WITH CHLORELLA VULGARIS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2800
EP  - 2805
SN  - 07307268
AB  - The association of Europium(III) (Eu[III]) and Curium(III) (Cm[III]) with Chlorella vulgaris and with cellulose was studied by a batch method and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). The kinetics study performed by the batch method showed that maximum adsorption of Eu(III) and Cm(III) on C. vulgaris was attained within 3 min of contact; afterward, the percentage adsorption decreased with time due to chelation of the ions with exudates released from C. vulgaris with a strong affinity for Eu(III) and Cm(III). The TRLFS revealed that the short-term adsorption of Eu(III) on C. vulgaris was attributable to its coordination with cellulose on the algal cell wall. However, Eu(III) coordinated with the functional groups of cellulose very weakly despite the large distribution coefficients observed. These results indicate that the reactions, both at the cell's surfaces through adsorption and in solution phases through chelation with the exudates, are important in estimating the behavior of Eu(III) and Cm(III) in aqueous environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Europium
KW  - Curium
KW  - Chlorella
KW  - Fluorescence spectroscopy
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Chlorella vulgaris
KW  - Curium(III)
KW  - Europium(III)
KW  - Exudates
N1  - Accession Number: 15999530; Ozaki, Takudo 1; Email Address: tozaki@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp; Kimura, Takaumi 1; Ohnuki, Toshihiko 1; Yoshida, Zenko 1; Francis, Arokiasamy 2; Affiliations: 1 : Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan; 2 : Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 22 Issue 11, p2800; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Subject Term: Europium; Subject Term: Curium; Subject Term: Chlorella; Subject Term: Fluorescence spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorella vulgaris; Author-Supplied Keyword: Curium(III); Author-Supplied Keyword: Europium(III); Author-Supplied Keyword: Exudates; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moser, D.P.
AU  - Onstott, T.C.
AU  - Fredrickson, J.K.
AU  - Brockman, F.J.
AU  - Balkwill, D.L.
AU  - Drake, G.R.
AU  - Pfiffner, S.M.
AU  - White, D.C.
AU  - Takai, K.
AU  - Pratt, L.M.
AU  - Fong, J.
AU  - Sherwood Lollar, B.
AU  - Slater, G.
AU  - Phelps, T.J.
AU  - Spoelstra, N.
AU  - Deflaun, M.
AU  - Southam, G.
AU  - Welty, A.T.
AU  - Baker, B.J.
T1  - Temporal Shifts in the Geochemistry and Microbial Community Structure of an Ultradeep Mine Borehole Following Isolation.
JO  - Geomicrobiology Journal
JF  - Geomicrobiology Journal
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 548
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01490451
AB  - A borehole draining a water-bearing dyke fracture at 3.2-km depth in a South African Au mine was isolated from the open mine environment. Geochemical, stable isotopic, nucleic acid-based, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses were employed as culture-independent means for assessing shifts in the microbial community and habitat as the system equilibrated with the native rock-water environment. Over a two-month period, the pH increased from 5.5 to 7.4, concurrent with a drop in pe from -2 to -3. Whereas rDNAs related to Desulfotomaculum spp. represented the major clone type encountered throughout, lipid biomarker profiling along with 16S rDNA clone library and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses indicated the emergence of other Gram-positive and deeply-branching lineages in samples during the later stages of the equilibration period. A biofilm that formed on the mine wall below the borehole produced abundant rDNAs related to the α Proteobacteria . β- and γ - Proteobacteria appeared to transiently bloom in the borehole shortly after isolation. Chemical modeling and sulfur isotope analyses of the borehole effluent indicated that microbial sulfate reduction was the major terminal electron-accepting process shortly after isolation, whereas Fe +3 reduction dominated towards the end of the experiment. The persistence of Desulfotomaculum -like bacteria throughout suggests that these organisms adapted to changing geochemical conditions as the redox decreased and pH increased following the isolation of the borehole from the mine atmosphere. The restoration of anaerobic aquatic chemistry to this borehole environment may have allowed microbiota indigenous to the local basalt aquifer to become more dominant among the diverse collection of bacterial lineages present in the borehole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geomicrobiology Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BOREHOLE mining
KW  - GEOMICROBIOLOGY
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - GEOBIOLOGY
KW  - anaerobic
KW  - borehole
KW  - community structure
KW  - deep subsurface
KW  - fissure water
KW  - mine
N1  - Accession Number: 11715133; Moser, D.P. 1; Email Address: duane.moser@pnl.gov; Onstott, T.C. 1; Fredrickson, J.K. 2; Brockman, F.J. 2; Balkwill, D.L. 3; Drake, G.R. 3; Pfiffner, S.M. 4; White, D.C. 4; Takai, K. 5; Pratt, L.M. 5; Fong, J. 6; Sherwood Lollar, B. 6; Slater, G. 7; Phelps, T.J. 7; Spoelstra, N. 8; Deflaun, M. 9; Southam, G. 10; Welty, A.T. 11; Baker, B.J. 12; Source Information: Nov2003, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p517; Subject: MICROBIAL ecology; Subject: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject: BOREHOLE mining; Subject: GEOMICROBIOLOGY; Subject: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject: GEOBIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: anaerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: borehole; Author-Supplied Keyword: community structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: deep subsurface; Author-Supplied Keyword: fissure water; Author-Supplied Keyword: mine; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herbel, Mitchell J.
AU  - Blum, Jodi Switzerl
AU  - Oremland, Ronald S.
AU  - Borglin, Sharon E.
T1  - Reduction of Elemental Selenium to Selenide: Experiments with Anoxic Sediments and Bacteria that Respire Se-Oxyanions.
JO  - Geomicrobiology Journal
JF  - Geomicrobiology Journal
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 587
EP  - 602
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01490451
AB  - A selenite-respiring bacterium, Bacillus selenitireducens , produced significant levels of Se(-II) (as aqueous HSe - ) when supplied with Se(0). B. selenitireducens was also able to reduce selenite [Se(IV)] through Se(0) to Se(-II). Reduction of Se(0) by B. selenitireducens was more rapid in cells grown on colloidal sulfur [S(0)] or Se(IV) as their electron acceptor than for cell lines grown on fumarate. In contrast, three cultures of selenate-respiring bacteria, Sulfurospirillum barnesii , B. arsenicoselenatis , and Selenihalanaerobacter shriftii either were unable to reduce Se(0) to Se(-II) or had only a very limited capacity to achieve this reduction. Biological reduction of Se(0) to Se(-II) was observed during incubation of estuarine sediment slurries, while no such activity was noted in formalin-killed controls. The majority of the Se(-II) produced was found in the sediments as a solid precipitate of FeSe, rather than in solution as HSe - . These results demonstrate that certain anaerobic bacteria have the capacity to reduce Se(0) to Se(-II), providing a possible biological explanation for the occurrence of the selenide species in some sedimentary rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geomicrobiology Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANAEROBIC bacteria
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology) -- Microbiology
KW  - GEOMICROBIOLOGY
KW  - GEOBIOLOGY
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - bacteria
KW  - reduction
KW  - sediments
KW  - selenides
KW  - selenium
N1  - Accession Number: 11715135; Herbel, Mitchell J. 1; Email Address: mherbel@stanford.edu; Blum, Jodi Switzerl 1; Oremland, Ronald S. 1; Borglin, Sharon E. 2; Source Information: Nov2003, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p587; Subject: ANAEROBIC bacteria; Subject: SELENIUM; Subject: SEDIMENTS (Geology) -- Microbiology; Subject: GEOMICROBIOLOGY; Subject: GEOBIOLOGY; Subject: MICROBIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: sediments; Author-Supplied Keyword: selenides; Author-Supplied Keyword: selenium; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riley, William J.
AU  - Still, Christopher J.
AU  - Helliker, Brent R.
AU  - Ribas-Carbo, Miguel
AU  - Berry, Joseph A.
T1  - 18O composition of CO2 and H2O ecosystem pools and fluxes in a tallgrass prairie: Simulations and comparisons to measurements.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 9
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1567
SN  - 13541013
AB  - In this paper we describe measurements and modeling of 18O in CO2 and H2O pools and fluxes at a tallgrass prairie site in Oklahoma. We present measurements of the δ18O value of leaf water, depth-resolved soil water, atmospheric water vapor, and Keeling plot δ18O intercepts for net soil-surface CO2 and ecosystem CO2 and H2O fluxes during three periods of the 2000 growing season. Daytime discrimination against C18OO, as calculated from measured above-canopy CO2 and δ18O gradients, is also presented. To interpret the isotope measurements, we applied an integrated land-surface and isotope model (ISOLSM) that simulates ecosystem H218O and C18OO stocks and fluxes. ISOLSM accurately predicted the measured isotopic composition of ecosystem water pools and the δ18O value of net ecosystem CO2 and H2O fluxes. Simulations indicate that incomplete equilibration between CO2 and H2O within C4 plant leaves can have a substantial impact on ecosystem discrimination. Diurnal variations in the δ18O value of above-canopy vapor had a small impact on the predicted δ18O value of ecosystem water pools, although sustained differences had a large impact. Diurnal variations in the δ18O value of above-canopy CO2 substantially affected the predicted ecosystem discrimination. Leaves dominate the ecosystem 18O-isoflux in CO2 during the growing season, while the soil contribution is relatively small and less variable. However, interpreting daytime measurements of ecosystem C18OO fluxes requires accurate predictions of both soil and leaf 18O-isofluxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Prairies
KW  - Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve (Okla.)
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11280614; Riley, William J. 1; Email Address: wjriley@lbl.gov; Still, Christopher J. 2; Helliker, Brent R. 3; Ribas-Carbo, Miguel 4; Berry, Joseph A. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,  Bldg  90-1106, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; 2 : Department of Geography, 3611 Ellison Hall, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.; 3 : Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie  Institution of Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.; 4 : Departamento de Biologia, Area de Fisiologia  Vegetal, Universitat de les  Illes Balears, Ctra de  Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07071  Illes Balears, Spain.;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 9 Issue 11, p1567; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Prairies; Subject: Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve (Okla.); Subject: Oklahoma; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00680.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bassirirad, Hormoz
AU  - Constable, John V. H.
AU  - Lussenhop, John
AU  - Kimball, Bruce A.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Oechel, Walter C.
AU  - Reich, Peter B.
AU  - Schlesinger, William H.
AU  - Zitzer, Stephen
AU  - Sehtiya, Harbans L.
AU  - Silim, Salim
T1  - Widespread foliage δ15N depletion under elevated CO2: inferences for the nitrogen cycle.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 9
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1582
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Leaf 15N signature is a powerful tool that can provide an integrated assessment of the nitrogen (N) cycle and whether it is influenced by rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. We tested the hypothesis that elevated CO2 significantly changes foliage δ15N in a wide range of plant species and ecosystem types. This objective was achieved by determining the δ15N of foliage of 27 field-grown plant species from six free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments representing desert, temperate forest, Mediterranean-type, grassland prairie, and agricultural ecosystems. We found that within species, the δ15N of foliage produced under elevated CO2 was significantly lower ( P<0.038) compared with that of foliage grown under ambient conditions. Further analysis of foliage δ15N by life form and growth habit revealed that the CO2 effect was consistent across all functional groups tested. The examination of two chaparral shrubs grown for 6 years under a wide range of CO2 concentrations (25–75 Pa) also showed a significant and negative correlation between growth CO2 and leaf δ15N. In a select number of species, we measured bulk soil δ15N at a depth of 10 cm, and found that the observed depletion of foliage δ15N in response to elevated CO2 was unrelated to changes in the soil δ15N. While the data suggest a strong influence of elevated CO2 on the N cycle in diverse ecosystems, the exact site(s) at which elevated CO2 alters fractionating processes of the N cycle remains unclear. We cannot rule out the fact that the pattern of foliage δ15N responses to elevated CO2 reported here resulted from a general drop in δ15N of the source N, caused by soil-driven processes. There is a stronger possibility, however, that the general depletion of foliage δ15N under high CO2 may have resulted from changes in the fractionating processes within the plant/mycorrhizal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Nitrogen cycle
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Ecology
KW  - elevated CO[SUB2]
KW  - FACE
KW  - foliage 15 N
KW  - nitrogen cycle.
N1  - Accession Number: 11280615; Bassirirad, Hormoz 1; Email Address: hormoz@uic.edu; Constable, John V. H. 2; Lussenhop, John 1; Kimball, Bruce A. 3; Norby, Richard J. 4; Oechel, Walter C. 5; Reich, Peter B. 6; Schlesinger, William H. 7; Zitzer, Stephen 8; Sehtiya, Harbans L. 1; Silim, Salim 1; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL  60607, USA.; 2 : Department of Biology, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA.; 3 : Water Conservation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA.; 4 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; 5 : Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.; 6 : Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.; 7 : Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.; 8 : Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA.;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 9 Issue 11, p1582; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen cycle; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO[SUB2]; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: foliage 15 N; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen cycle.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00679.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=11280615&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uchida, Atsuhi
AU  - Heil, Tilmann
AU  - Yun Liu
AU  - Davis, Peter
AU  - Aida, Tahito
T1  - High-Frequency Broad-Band Singal Generation Using a Semiconductor Laser With a Chaotic Optical Injection.
JO  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
JF  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
J1  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
PY  - 2003/11//
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1462
EP  - 1467
SN  - 00189197
AB  - Chaotic signals with a flat power spectrum over 20 GHz have been generated using two commercially available semiconductor lasers coupled in a unidirectional master-slave scheme. The master laser has an external optical feedback that induces optical chaos in the laser output. A part of the chaotic light output from the master laser is injected into the slave laser. We experimentally demonstrated the generation of broad-band signals up to 22 GHz using lasers whose relaxation oscillation frequency in the free-running state is only around 6.4 GHz. We also show that the experimental results can be well reproduced by numerical simulations using two coupled rate equations. The numerical investigation shows that the high-frequency broad-band signal generation is owing to two key effects: high-frequency oscillations as a result of beating between the master and slave laser lights, and spectrum flattening due to the injection of the chaotic signal. The flatness, stability, and tunability of the power spectra demonstrated in our experiments suggests that the proposed system can be potentially useful for generation of high-frequency broad-band random signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR lasers
KW  - FEEDBACK (Electronics)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - OPTICAL communications
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 11349139; Source Information: Nov2003, Vol. 39 Issue 11, p1462; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR lasers; Subject Term: FEEDBACK (Electronics); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: OPTICAL communications; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 6p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/JQE.2003.818281
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerenrot, Dmitry
AU  - Berlyand, Leonid
AU  - Phillips, Jonathan
T1  - Random Network Model for Heat Transfer in High Contrast Composite Materials.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 410
EP  - 416
SN  - 15213323
AB  - Thermal management of future generations of integrated circuits will require the use of packages with higher thermal conductivity and greater areas of contact between particles. In this paper, we introduce a novel percolation computational model of the most commonly suggested design: polymer filled with highly conductive ceramic (e.g., boron nitride) particles. The effective conductivity of random networks of spherical conductors with different degree of: fill, polydispersity, conductivity, and interface contact were determined by solving systems of Kirchoff's equations for cubic resistor network. It was found that above the percolation threshold (approximately 0.36, all cases), the effective conductivity is almost a linear function of the amount of fill or contact area between particles. Also, monodispersed filler yielded significantly higher effective conductivity than systems with three filler sizes. The model shows that if any spatial periodic arrangement is used, then effective conductivity much higher than that of the polymer matrix cannot be reached by increasing the conductivity of the filler. Thus periodic composites below maximal packing volume fraction yield the effective conductivity comparable to that of the polymer. We show that for nonperiodic (random) arrays the conductivity does improve significantly with increasing fill volume above the percolation threshold. Also, in agreement with recent experimental work, we find the key to significant improvement in thermal conductivity is an increase in contact area between particles. This last result suggests an explanation for recent experimental reports that boron nitride-filled polymers provide for higher conductivity than polymers filled with harder materials. Our model allows for quantitative estimation of the effective conductivity as a function of the contact area, polydispersity and the volume fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTRONIC packaging
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - PERCOLATION
KW  - EMBEDDED computer systems
KW  - percolation
KW  - polydispersity
KW  - random resistor network
KW  - thermal.
N1  - Accession Number: 12202934; Gerenrot, Dmitry 1; Email Address: gerenrot@math.psu.edu; Berlyand, Leonid 2; Email Address: berlyand@math.psu.edu; Phillips, Jonathan 3; Email Address: jphillips@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University, Park, PA 16802 USA.; 2: Department of Mathematics and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA.; 3: ESA Weapon Materials and Manufacturing, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p410; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC packaging; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: PERCOLATION; Subject Term: EMBEDDED computer systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: percolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: polydispersity; Author-Supplied Keyword: random resistor network; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TADVP.2003.821070
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, J. Y.
AU  - Lee, S. J.
AU  - Jiles, D. C.
AU  - Garton, M.
AU  - Lopez, R.
AU  - Brasche, L.
T1  - Sensitivity Analysis of Simulations for Magnetic Particle Inspection Using the Finite-Element Method.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2003/11//
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3604
EP  - 3606
SN  - 00189464
AB  - Magnetic particle inspection (MPI) is widely used for nondestructive evaluation in aerospace applications in which interpretation of inspection results is currently limited to empirical knowledge and experience-based approaches. Advances in computational magnetics, particularly the use of finite-element calculations, have enabled realistic numerical simulations of magnetic particle inspection to be undertaken with complicated geometries. In this paper, we report a sensitivity analysis using finite-element-method simulations of magnetic particle inspection for defects with various sizes and geometries. As a result, improved quantitative understanding of the MPI technique and factors that affects its sensitivity and reliability has been achieved. These results can be used to optimize conditions for conducting these inspections and should lead to improvement in analysis and interpretation of experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - SENSITIVITY theory (Mathematics)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 12101508; Source Information: Nov2003, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p3604; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: SENSITIVITY theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2003.816152
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - von Laszewski, Gregor
AU  - Ruscic, Branko
AU  - Amin, Kaizar
AU  - Wagstrom, Patrick
AU  - Krishnan, Sriram
AU  - Nijsure, Sandeep
T1  - A FRAMEWORK FOR BUILDING SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE GRIDS APPLIED TO THERMOCHEMICAL TABLES.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2003///Winter2003
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 447
SN  - 10943420
AB  - The paper describes a general architecture that provides advanced services that can be accessed collaboratively. Theft integration as part of a workflow process enables the creation of services that can be easily reused by the community. Scientists can then concentrate on the science, while application developers can focus on the delivery of services that can be assembled as building blocks to create more elaborate services.  The paper introduces the problem domain and the terminology used in thermochemistry that is directly related to the work scientists perform. It analyzes a current process to derive thermochemical tables, one of the most elementary building blocks in thermochemistry. Next it provides an improved technique for increasing the accuracy of this process. It introduces a scenario where algorithm and the repeated use by the community will result in a highly accurate and elaborate thermochemistry table database. Next, the paper presents the notion of a "knowledge Grid", transforming information into knowledge. It outlines service-oriented architecture and discuss how services such as security, data transfer, registration, and scheduling assist in assembling such a sophisticated collaborative environment.
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems)
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
N1  - Accession Number: 11951125; von Laszewski, Gregor 1; Ruscic, Branko 2; Amin, Kaizar 1,3; Wagstrom, Patrick 1; Krishnan, Sriram 1,4; Nijsure, Sandeep 1,3; Source Information: Winter2003, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p431; Subject: COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems); Subject: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Subject: COMPUTER systems; Subject: DISTRIBUTED computing; Subject: HIGH performance computing; Subject: PRODUCTION scheduling; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marathe, Achla
AU  - Shawky, Hany A.
T1  - The Structural Relation Between Mortgage and Market Interest Rates.
JO  - Journal of Business Finance & Accounting
JF  - Journal of Business Finance & Accounting
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 30
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1235
EP  - 1251
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0306686X
AB  - This paper analyzes the dynamic relationship between primary and secondary mortgage markets and the short-term and long-term market interest rates. Using a series of monthly data on fixed rate mortgage rates and GNMA rates, we explore the dependence and speed of adjustment in these primary and secondary mortgage rates to each other as well as to the long and short-term government rates. The results indicate that residential mortgage rates in general, appear to follow the long-term rate and are not very sensitive to movements in the short-term interest rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Business Finance & Accounting is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORTGAGES
KW  - INTEREST rates
KW  - MORTGAGE rates
KW  - MORTGAGE-backed securities
KW  - INVESTMENTS
KW  - Granger causality
KW  - interest rates
KW  - liquidity premium
KW  - mortgage rates
KW  - vector autoregression
N1  - Accession Number: 12181979; Marathe, Achla 1; Shawky, Hany A. 2; Email Address: h.shawsky@albany.edu; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; 2: University of Albany School of Business, NY; Issue Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 30 Issue 9/10, p1235; Thesaurus Term: MORTGAGES; Thesaurus Term: INTEREST rates; Thesaurus Term: MORTGAGE rates; Thesaurus Term: MORTGAGE-backed securities; Thesaurus Term: INVESTMENTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Granger causality; Author-Supplied Keyword: interest rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: liquidity premium; Author-Supplied Keyword: mortgage rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: vector autoregression; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523999 Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523930 Investment Advice; NAICS/Industry Codes: 526913 Mortgage funds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 522292 Real Estate Credit; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonn, B.E.
AU  - Schexnayder, S.M.
AU  - Peretz, J.H.
AU  - Das, S.
AU  - Waidley, G.
T1  - An assessment of waste issues associated with the production of new, lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles
JO  - Journal of Cleaner Production
JF  - Journal of Cleaner Production
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 753
SN  - 09596526
AB  - This article assesses solid and hazardous wastes that would be generated through the production of new, lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles. In these vehicles, steel is replaced with aluminum, titanium, magnesium, plastics, and glass and carbon fibers. In addition to total volumes, we pay particular attention to a subset of highly toxic chemical constituents in hazardous waste. The article also examines capacity in the United States to manage the solid and hazardous waste generation changes. Finally, we review the distribution of environmental impacts that changes in material composition would cause. The estimated generation of solid and hazardous wastes for each of the three new vehicles is greater than wastes for a base vehicle, although the United States has sufficient waste management capacity to handle these increases. Production of a subset of chemical constituents of hazardous waste, specifically those that are highly toxic, will decrease in most cases for the three new vehicles. Moving to these new materials could reduce mining for iron ore in the United States but increase the mining of bauxite for aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and other materials in such major countries as Canada, China, and Russia and in many small, developing countries, such as Guinea, Jamaica, and Sierra Leone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cleaner Production is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WASTE management
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - Environmental justice
KW  - Fuel-efficient vehicles
KW  - Hazardous waste
KW  - Solid waste
N1  - Accession Number: 9497481; Tonn, B.E. 1; Email Address: bet@ornl.gov; Schexnayder, S.M. 2; Peretz, J.H. 2; Das, S. 3; Waidley, G. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, PO Box 2008, Building 4500N, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2: University of Tennessee Energy, Environment and Resources Center, 314 Conference Center Building, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; 3: Engineering Science and Technology Division, PO Box 2008, Bldg. 3156, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6073, USA; 4: Federal Highway Administration, 511 Queens Dr. Schenectady, NY 12304, USA; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p753; Thesaurus Term: WASTE management; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental justice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel-efficient vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid waste; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00147-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rotstayn, Leon D.
AU  - Yangang Liu, Leon D.
T1  - Sensitivity of the First Indirect Aerosol Effect to an Increase of Cloud Droplet Spectral Dispersion with Droplet Number Concentration.
JO  - Journal of Climate
JF  - Journal of Climate
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 16
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3476
SN  - 08948755
AB  - Observations show that an increase in anthropogenic aerosols leads to concurrent increases in the cloud droplet concentration and the relative dispersion of the cloud droplet spectrum, other factors being equal. It has been suggested that the increase in effective radius resulting from increased relative dispersion may substantially negate the indirect aerosol effect, but this is usually not parameterized in global climate models (GCMs). Empirical parameterizations, designed to represent the average of this effect, as well as its lower and upper bounds, are tested in the CSIRO GCM. Compared to a control simulation, in which the relative dispersion of the cloud droplet spectrum is prescribed separately over land and ocean, inclusion of this effect reduces the magnitude of the first indirect aerosol effect by between 12% and 35%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Clouds
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ocean
N1  - Accession Number: 11188882; Rotstayn, Leon D. 1; Email Address: leon.rotstayn@csiro.au; Yangang Liu, Leon D. 2; Affiliations: 1 : CSIRO Atmospheric Research,  Aspendale,  Victoria, Australia.; 2 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 16 Issue 21, p3476; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Thesaurus Term: Clouds; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ocean; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Philips, D.H.
AU  - Watson, D.B.
AU  - Roh, Y.
AU  - Gu, B.
T1  - Mineralogical Characteristics and Transformations during Long-Term Operation of a Zerovalent iron Reactive Barrier.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2033
EP  - 2045
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Discusses means of improving the design and operation of iron permeable reactive barriers (PRB) by understanding the long-term mineralogical transformations.  Changes in mineral precipitates, cementation, and corrosion of iron filings within an in situ pilot-scale PRB; Degree of corrosion and cementation; Identification of cementing agents.
KW  - Iron
KW  - Mineralogy
N1  - Accession Number: 11540070; Philips, D.H. 1; Email Address: dhphillips2003@yahoo.com; Watson, D.B.; Roh, Y.; Gu, B.; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN;  Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2033; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Subject Term: Mineralogy; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johansen, Mathew P.
AU  - Hakonson, Thomas E.
AU  - Whicker, F. Ward
AU  - Breshears, David d.
T1  - Pulsed Redistribution of a Contaminant Following Forest Fire: Cesium-137 in Runoff.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2150
EP  - 2157
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Discusses the use of rainfall simulation methods to quantify changes in concentration of a widely dispersed environmental contaminant in soils and surface water runoff following a major forest fire at Los Alamos, New Mexico.  Potential of landscape fire to rapidly concentrate contaminants; Deposition of concentrated radionuclides on the ground surface, erosion and transport of concentrated radionuclides; Evaluation of post-fire changes.
KW  - Forest fires
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Simulation methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 11540094; Johansen, Mathew P.; Email Address: Mjohansen@doeal.gov; Hakonson, Thomas E. 1; Whicker, F. Ward 1; Breshears, David d. 1,2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO; 2 : Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM;  Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2150; Thesaurus Term: Forest fires; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Subject Term: Simulation methods & models; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuhrmann, Mark
AU  - Lasat, Mitch
AU  - Ebbs, Stephen
AU  - Cornish, Jay
AU  - Kochian, Leon
T1  - Uptake and Release of Cesium-137 by Five Plant Species as Influenced by Soil Amendments in Field Experiments.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2272
EP  - 2279
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Determines the capacity of five plant species to accumulate cesiums and the effects of three soil treatments on uptake.  Negative effect of ammonium on plant uptake of cesium; Problem of soil contamination with cesium at nuclear installations; Information on biomass and plant uptake at a specific contaminated site.
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Plant species
KW  - Plant biomass
N1  - Accession Number: 11540122; Fuhrmann, Mark 1; Email Address: fuhrmann@bnl.gov; Lasat, Mitch 2; Ebbs, Stephen 3; Cornish, Jay 4; Kochian, Leon 5; Affiliations: 1 : Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; 2 : USEPA, National Center for Environmental Research (8722R), NW, Washington, DC; 3 : Department of Plant Biology, 420 Life Science II, Southern Illinois University-Carbondale, Carbondale, IL; 4 : MSE Technology Applications, Butte, MT; 5 : USDA, U.S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY;  Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2272; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Plant species; Thesaurus Term: Plant biomass; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan, Enid J.
AU  - Bowman, Robert S.
AU  - Legiec, Irene A.
T1  - Sorption of Arsenic from Soil-Washing Leachate by Surfactant-Modified Zeolite.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2387
EP  - 2391
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Investigates the efficacy of surfactant-modified zeolite on nonpolar organics, inorganic anions, and inorganic cations dissolved in water.  Importance of post-treatment of leachate from soil-washing remedial actions; Role of ex situ processes in remediating contaminant source areas.
KW  - Zeolites
KW  - Soil absorption & adsorption
KW  - Leachate
N1  - Accession Number: 11540135; Sullivan, Enid J. 1; Email Address: ejs@lanl.gov; Bowman, Robert S. 2; Legiec, Irene A. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, RRES Division, MS J599, Los Alamos, NM; 2 : New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Socorro, NM; 3 : E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Jackson Lab, Chambers Works, Deepwater, NJ;  Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2387; Thesaurus Term: Zeolites; Thesaurus Term: Soil absorption & adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Leachate; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heyliger, Paul R.
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Sudook Kim
AU  - Reimanis, Ivar
T1  - Elastic constants of layers in isotropic laminates.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 114
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2618
EP  - 2625
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The individual laminae elastic constants in multilayer laminates composed of dissimilar isotropic layers were determined using ultrasonic-resonance spectroscopy and the linear theory of elasticity. Ultrasonic resonance allows one to measure the free-vibration response spectrum of a traction-free solid under periodic vibration. These frequencies depend on pointwise density, laminate dimensions, layer thickness, and layer elastic constants. Given a material with known mass but unknown constitution, this method allows one to extract the elastic constants and density of the constituent layers. This is accomplished by measuring the frequencies and then minimizing the differences between these and those calculated using the theory of elasticity for layered media to select the constants that best replicate the frequency-response spectrum. This approach is applied to a three-layer, unsymmetric laminate of WpCu, and very good agreement is found with the elastic constants of the two constituent materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAMINATED materials
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - ULTRASONIC waves
KW  - SOUND waves
KW  - ULTRASONICS
KW  - TRANSMISSION of sound
KW  - SOUND
N1  - Accession Number: 20589648; Heyliger, Paul R. 1; Ledbetter, Hassel 2; Sudook Kim 3; Reimanis, Ivar 4; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523; 2 : Los Alamos National Laboratory (E536), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; 3 : Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305; 4 : Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 114 Issue 5, p2618; Subject Term: LAMINATED materials; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC waves; Subject Term: SOUND waves; Subject Term: ULTRASONICS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION of sound; Subject Term: SOUND; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1618754
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mobley, Joel
AU  - Waters, Kendall R.
AU  - Miller, James G.
T1  - Finite-bandwidth effects on the causal prediction of ultrasonic attenuation of the power-law form.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 114
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2782
EP  - 2790
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations exist as a consequence of causality, placing nonlocal constraints on the relationship between dispersion and absorption. The finite-bandwidth method of applying these relations is examined where the K-K integrals are restricted to the spectrum of the experimental data. These finite-bandwidth K-K relations are known to work with resonant-type data and here are applied to dispersion data consistent with a power-law attenuation coefficient (exponent from 1 to 2). Bandwidth-restricted forms of the zero and once-subtracted K-K relations are used to determine the attenuation coefficient from phase velocity. Analytically, it is shown that these transforms produce the proper power-law form of the attenuation coefficient as a stand-alone term summed with artifacts that are dependent on the integration limits. Calculations are performed to demonstrate how these finite-bandwidth artifacts affect the K-K predictions under a variety of conditions. The predictions are studied in a local context as a function of subtraction frequency, bandwidth, and power-law exponent. The K-K predictions of the power-law exponent within various decades of the spectrum are also examined. In general, the agreement between finite-bandwidth K-K predictions and exact values grows as the power-law exponent approaches 1 and with increasing bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASONICS
KW  - SOUND
KW  - ULTRASONIC waves
KW  - SOUND waves
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 20589663; Mobley, Joel 1; Waters, Kendall R. 2; Miller, James G. 2; Email Address: james.g.miller@wustl.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101; 2 : Laboratory for Ultrasonics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130;  Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 114 Issue 5, p2782; Subject Term: ULTRASONICS; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC waves; Subject Term: SOUND waves; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1621394
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roark, Kevin
T1  - Dirty Bomb Debris Radioactivity.
JO  - Military Engineer
JF  - Military Engineer
J1  - Military Engineer
PY  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 95
IS  - 626
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 12
SN  - 00263982
AB  - Reports on the development of a quick screening methodology for the identification of isotopes in a dirty bomb debris.  Identification of the developer of the isotopes screening methodology; Factor that arises the need to develop such methodology; Presentation of the procedure at the 2003 American Society Conference on September 2003.
KW  - BOMBS
KW  - NEW product development
KW  - INDUSTRIAL research
N1  - Accession Number: 11507120; Source Information: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 95 Issue 626, p11; Subject Term: BOMBS; Subject Term: NEW product development; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL research; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Gyuhae
AU  - Hoon Sohn
AU  - Farrar, Charles R.
AU  - Inman, Daniel J.
T1  - Overview of Piezoelectric Impedance-Based Health Monitoring and Path Forward.
JO  - Shock & Vibration Digest
JF  - Shock & Vibration Digest
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
EP  - 463
SN  - 05831024
AB  - In this paper we summarize the hardware and software issues of impedance-based structural health monitoring based on piezoelectric materials. The basic concept of the method is to use high-frequency structural excitations to monitor the local area of a structure for changes in structural impedance that would indicate imminent damage. A brief overview of research work on experimental and theoretical studies on various structures is considered and several research papers on these topics are cited. This paper concludes with a discussion of future research areas and path forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Shock & Vibration Digest is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATIENT monitoring
KW  - DIAGNOSIS
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC materials
KW  - damage prognosis
KW  - damage prognosis.
KW  - diagnostics
KW  - piezoelectric materials
KW  - structural health monitoring
N1  - Accession Number: 11646086; Park, Gyuhae 1; Hoon Sohn 1; Farrar, Charles R. 1; Inman, Daniel J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, Weapon Response Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  87545,  USA.; 2: Center for  Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Virginia Polytechnic  Institute of State University, 310 Durham Hall,  Blacksburg, VA  24061, USA.; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 35 Issue 6, p451; Subject Term: PATIENT monitoring; Subject Term: DIAGNOSIS; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: damage prognosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: damage prognosis.; Author-Supplied Keyword: diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: piezoelectric materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: structural health monitoring; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boman, Erik G.
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
T1  - SUPPORT THEORY FOR PRECONDITIONING.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 694
EP  - 717
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - We present support theory, a set of techniques for bounding extreme eigenvalues and condition numbers for matrix pencils. Our intended application of support theory is to enable proving condition number bounds for preconditioners for symmetric, positive definite systems. One key feature sets our approach apart from most other works: We use support numbers instead of generalized eigenvalues. Although closely related, we believe support numbers are more convenient to work with algebraically. This paper provides the theoretical foundation of support theory and describes a set of analytical tools and techniques. For example, we present a new theorem for bounding support numbers (generalized eigenvalues) where the matrices have a known factorization (not necessarily square or triangular). This result generalizes earlier results based on graph theory. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by a simple example: block Jacobi preconditioning on a model problem. Also, our analysis of a new class of preconditioners, maximum-weight basis preconditioners, in [E. G. Boman, D. Chen, B. Hendrickson, and S. Toledo, Numer. Linear Algebra Appl., to appear] is based on results contained in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - GRAPH theory
KW  - LINEAR systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12762206; Boman, Erik G. 1; Email Address: eboman@cs.sandia.gov; Hendrickson, Bruce 1; Email Address: bah@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Discrete Algorithms and Math Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p694; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: GRAPH theory; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Short, Walter
AU  - Blair, Nate
T1  - The Long-Term Potential of Wind Power in the U.S.
JO  - Solar Today
JF  - Solar Today
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
EP  - 29
SN  - 10420630
AB  - Examines the long-term potential of wind power in the U.S.  Description of the Wind Deployment Systems Model developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Possibility for wind energy to become a major player in the U.S. energy market.
KW  - Wind power
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11431978; Short, Walter 1; Email Address: walter_short@nrel.gov; Blair, Nate 1; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory;  Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p28; Thesaurus Term: Wind power; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilbanks, Thomas J.
T1  - Integrating climate change and sustainable development in a place-based context
JO  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
JF  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
Y1  - 2003/11/02/Nov2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - S147
SN  - 14693062
AB  - This paper reports on investigations of two propositions. First, it is easy to overestimate the importance of climate change in the larger picture of sustainable development while at the same time underestimating the potential for climate change concerns to be a catalyst for progress toward sustainable development. Second, these imbalances in perceptions are more likely to be addressed effectively at a local scale than at a global or national scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Economic development -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Climate change impacts
KW  - Climate change responses
KW  - Place
KW  - Scale
KW  - Sustainability
N1  - Accession Number: 11656731; Wilbanks, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: wilbankstj@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6184, USA;  Source Info: Nov2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 3, pS147; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Economic development -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Sustainable development; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Subject Term: Cost effectiveness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change impacts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change responses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Place; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sustainability; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.clipol.2003.10.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Tinabo
AU  - Diemann, Ekkerhard
AU  - Li, Huilin
AU  - Dress, Andreas W.M.
AU  - Mëller, Achim
T1  - Self-assembly in aqueous solution of wheel-shaped Mo154 oxide clusters into vesicles.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/11/06/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6962
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Surfactants and membrane lipids readily assemble into complex structures such as micelles, liposomes or hollow vesicles owing to their amphiphilic character-the fact that part of their structure is attracted to polar environments while another part is attracted to non-polar environments. The self-assembly of complex structures also occurs in polyoxometallate chemistry, as exemplified by the molybdenum blue solutions known for centuries. But while the presence of nanometre-sized metal oxide aggregates in these solutions has long been recognized, unravelling the composition and formation process of these aggregates proved difficult. Recent work has indicated that discrete, wheel-shaped mixed-valence polyoxomolybdate clusters of the type {Mo154} (refs 2-4) assemble into well-defined nanometre-sized aggregates, including spherical structures. Here we report light-scattering data and transmission electron microscopy images of hollow spherical structures with an average, almost monodisperse radius of about 45?nm and composed of approximately 1,165 {Mo154} wheel-shaped clusters. The clusters appear to lie flat and homogeneously distributed on the vesicle surface. Unlike conventional lipid vesicles, the structures we observe are not stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. Instead, we believe the polyoxomolybdate-based vesicles form owing to a subtle interplay between short-range van der Waals attraction and long-range electrostatic repulsion, with important further stabilization arising from hydrogen bonding involving water molecules encapsulated between the wheel-shaped clusters and in the vesicles’ interior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - COATED vesicles
KW  - MEMBRANE lipids
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11292498; Liu, Tinabo 1; Diemann, Ekkerhard 2; Li, Huilin 3; Dress, Andreas W.M. 4; Mëller, Achim 2; Source Information: 11/6/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6962, p59; Subject: SURFACE active agents; Subject: COATED vesicles; Subject: MEMBRANE lipids; Subject: MOLYBDENUM; Subject: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walvoord, Michelle A.
AU  - Phillips, Fred M.
AU  - Stonestrom, David A.
AU  - Evans, R. Dave
AU  - Hartsough, Peter C.
AU  - Newman, Brent D.
AU  - Striegl, Robert G.
T1  - A Reservoir of Nitrate Beneath Desert Soils.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/07/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5647
M3  - Article
SP  - 1021
EP  - 1024
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A large reservoir of bioavailable nitrogen (up to ∼ 10[sup4] kilograms of nitrogen per hectare, as nitrate) has been previously overlooked in studies of global nitrogen distribution. The reservoir has been accumulating in subsoil zones of arid regions throughout the Holocene. Consideration of the subsoil reservoir raises estimates of vadose-zone nitrogen inventories by 14 to 71% for warm deserts and arid shrublands worldwide and by 3 to 16% globally. Subsoil nitrate accumulation indicates long-term leaching from desert soils, impelling further evaluation of nutrient dynamics in xeric ecosystems. Evidence that subsoil accumulations are readily mobilized raises concern about groundwater contamination after land-use or climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - DESERT soils
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - GROUNDWATER -- Pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 11502642; Walvoord, Michelle A. 1; Email Address: walvoord@usgs.gov; Phillips, Fred M. 2; Stonestrom, David A. 3; Evans, R. Dave 4; Hartsough, Peter C. 5,6; Newman, Brent D. 7; Striegl, Robert G. 1; Source Information: 11/7/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5647, p1021; Subject: NITRATES; Subject: DESERT soils; Subject: CLIMATIC changes; Subject: GROUNDWATER -- Pollution; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2797
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, H. J.
AU  - Dai, Pengcheng
AU  - Lynn, J. W.
AU  - Matsuura, M.
AU  - Thompson, J. R.
AU  - Zhang, Shou-Cheng
AU  - Argyriou, D. N.
AU  - Onose, Y.
AU  - Tokura, Y.
T1  - Condensed-matter physics (communication arising): Spurious magnetism in high-Tc superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/11/13/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6963
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
EP  - 140
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Mang et al. observe a cubic (Nd,Ce)2O3 impurity phase grown epitaxially in annealed samples of electron-doped Nd2-xCexCuO4 (NCCO). They claim that this impurity phase has long-range order parallel to the CuO2 planes of NCCO but extending only about 4ac perpendicular to the planes, thus forming a quasi-two-dimensional (Nd,Ce)2O3 lattice matched with the a-b plane of NCCO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - PHYSICS research
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 11359275; Kang, H. J. 1; Dai, Pengcheng 1; Lynn, J. W. 1; Matsuura, M. 1; Thompson, J. R. 1; Zhang, Shou-Cheng 1; Argyriou, D. N. 1; Onose, Y. 1; Tokura, Y. 1; Source Information: 11/13/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6963, p140; Subject: CONDENSED matter; Subject: PHYSICS research; Subject: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/426140a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parish, M. M.
AU  - Littlewood, P. B.
T1  - Non-saturating magnetoresistance in heavily disordered semiconductors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/11/13/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6963
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 165
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The resistance of a homogeneous semiconductor increases quadratically with magnetic field at low fields and, except in very special cases, saturates at fields much larger than the inverse of the carrier mobility, a number typically of the order of 1 T (refs 1, 2). A surprising exception to this behaviour has recently been observed in doped silver chalcogenides, which exhibit an anomalously large, quasi-linear magnetoresistive response that extends down to low fields and survives, even at extreme fields of 55 T and beyond. Here we present a simple model of a macroscopically disordered and strongly inhomogeneous semiconductor that exhibits a similar non-saturating magnetoresistance. In addition to providing a possible explanation for the behaviour of doped silver chalcogenides, our model suggests potential routes for the construction of magnetic field sensors with a large, controllable and linear response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CHALCOGENIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 11359269; Parish, M. M. 1; Email Address: mmp24@cam.ac.uk; Littlewood, P. B. 1,2; Source Information: 11/13/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6963, p162; Subject: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject: MAGNETIC fields; Subject: CHALCOGENIDES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Li, Zhanqing
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
AU  - Wiscombe, Warren
AU  - Stephens, Graeme L.
T1  - Have Clouds Darkened Since 1995?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/14/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5648
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1151
EP  - 1152
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor, along with its response, published in the November 14, 2003 issue of the periodical "Science," about reports on some recent findings concerning the cloud absorption anomaly debate.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - CLOUDS
N1  - Accession Number: 11546980; Li, Zhanqing 1; Ackerman, Thomas P. 2; Wiscombe, Warren 3; Stephens, Graeme L. 4; Source Information: 11/14/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5648, p1151; Subject: LETTERS to the editor; Subject: CLOUDS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Kyeong-Hee
AU  - Dinner, Aaron R.
AU  - Tu, Chun
AU  - Campi, Gabriele
AU  - Raychaudhuri, Subhadip
AU  - Varma, Rajat
AU  - Sims, Tasha N.
AU  - Burack, W. Richard
AU  - Wu, Hui
AU  - Wang, Julia
AU  - Kanagawa, Osami
AU  - Markiewicz, Mary
AU  - Allen, Paul M.
AU  - Dustin, Michael L.
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup K.
AU  - Shaw, Andrey S.
T1  - The Immunological Synapse Balances T Cell ReceptorSignaling and Degradation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/14/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5648
M3  - Article
SP  - 1218
EP  - 1222
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The immunological synapse is a specialized cell-cell junction between T cell and antigen-presenting cell surfaces. It is characterized by a central cluster of antigen receptors, a ring of integrin family adhesion molecules, and temporal stability over hours. The role of this specific organization in signaling for T cell activation has been controversial. We use in vitro and in silico experiments to determine that the immunological synapse acts as a type of adaptive controller that both boosts T cell receptor triggering and attenuates strong signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - T cell receptors
KW  - ANTIGEN presenting cells
KW  - SYNAPSES
KW  - CELL adhesion molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 11547010; Lee, Kyeong-Hee 1,2; Dinner, Aaron R. 3; Tu, Chun 1; Campi, Gabriele 4; Raychaudhuri, Subhadip 5; Varma, Rajat 4; Sims, Tasha N. 4; Burack, W. Richard 1; Wu, Hui 1; Wang, Julia 1; Kanagawa, Osami 1; Markiewicz, Mary 1; Allen, Paul M. 1; Dustin, Michael L. 4; Email Address: dustin@saturn.med.nyu.edu; Chakraborty, Arup K. 3,5,6; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu; Shaw, Andrey S. 1; Email Address: shaw@pathbox.wustl.edu; Source Information: 11/14/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5648, p1218; Subject: T cell receptors; Subject: ANTIGEN presenting cells; Subject: SYNAPSES; Subject: CELL adhesion molecules; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4611
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moser, Duane P.
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
AU  - Geist, David R.
AU  - Arntzen, Evan V.
AU  - Peacock, Aaron D.
AU  - Li, Shu-Mei W.
AU  - Spadoni, Tina
AU  - McKinley, James P.
T1  - Biogeochemical Processes and Microbial Characteristics across Groundwater-- Surface Water Boundaries of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5127
EP  - 5134
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Biogeochemical processes within riverbed hyporheic zones (HZ) can potentially impact the fate and transport of contaminants. We evaluated a modified freeze core technique for the collection of intact cobble-bed samples from the Columbia River HZ along a stretch of the Hanford Reach in Washington State and investigated microbiological and geochemical parameters of corresponding frozen and unfrozen samples. During three sampling periods (March, May, and November 2000), relatively high numbers of viable aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were recovered from both unfrozen (10[sup6]-10[sup7] cfu/g) and frozen samples (10sup5]-10[sup6] cfu/g). Relatively large populations of sulfate-, nitrate-, and iron-reducing bacteria were present, and significant concentrations of acid-volatile sulfide were measured in some samples, indicating that anoxic regions exist within this zone. Cr(Vl), a priority groundwater pollutant on adjacent U.S. Department of Energy lands, was probably removed from solution in HZ samples by a combination of microbial activity and chemical reduction, presumably via products of anaerobic microbial metabolism. These results suggest that biogeochemical processes in the Columbia River HZ may contribute to the natural attenuation of Cr(Vl). Although freezing modestly diminished recovery of viable bacteria, freeze core techniques proved reliable for the collection of intact hyporheic sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles
KW  - HETEROTROPHIC bacteria
KW  - COLUMBIA River
KW  - HANFORD Reach (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (D.C.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11813906; Moser, Duane P. 1; Email Address: duane.moser@pnl.gov; Fredrickson, James K. 1; Geist, David R. 1; Arntzen, Evan V. 1; Peacock, Aaron D. 2; Li, Shu-Mei W. 1; Spadoni, Tina 1; McKinley, James P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; 2: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville Tennessee 37932-2575; Issue Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 22, p5127; Thesaurus Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles; Subject Term: HETEROTROPHIC bacteria; Subject Term: COLUMBIA River; Subject: HANFORD Reach (Wash.); Subject: WASHINGTON (D.C.); Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Satapanajaru, Tunlawit
AU  - Shea, Patrick J.
AU  - Comfort, Steve D.
AU  - Roh, Yul
T1  - Green Rust and Iron Oxide Formation Influences Metolachlor Dechlorination during Zerovalent Iron Treatment.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5219
EP  - 5227
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Electron transfer from zerovalent iron (Fe[sup0]) to targeted contaminants is affected by initial Fe[sup0] composition, the oxides formed during corrosion, and surrounding electrolytes. We previously observed enhanced metolachlor destruction by Fe[sup0] when iron or aluminum salts were present in the aqueous matrix and Eh/pH conditions favored formation of green rusts. To understand these enhanced destruction rates, we characterized changes in Fe[sup0] composition during treatment of metolachlor with and without iron and aluminum salts. Raman microspectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the iron source was initially coated with a thin layer of magnetite (Fe[sup0]O[sup0]), maghemite (β- Fe[sub2]O[sub3]), and wüstite (FeO). Time-resolved analysis indicated that akaganeite (β-Fe00H) was the dominant oxide formed during Fe[sup0] treatment of metolachlor. Goethite (α-Fe00H) and some lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) formed when Al[sub2](SO[sub4])[sub3] was present, while goethite and magnetite (Fe[sub3]O[sub4]) were identified in Fe[sup0] treatments containing FeSO[sub4]. Although conditions favoring formation of sulfate green rust (GR(II); Fe[sub6](OH)[sub12]SO[sub4]) facilitated Fe[sup0]-mediated dechlorination of metolachlor, only adsorption was observed when GR(II) was synthesized (without Fe[sup0]) in the presence of metolachlor and Eh/pH changed to favor Fe(III)oxyhydroxide or magnetite formation. In contrast, dechlorination occurred when magnetite or natural goethite was amended with Fe(II) (as FeSO[sub4]) at pH 8 and continued as long as additional Fe(II) was provided. While metolachlor was not dechlorinated by GR(II) itself during a 48-h incubation, the GR(II) provided a source of Fe(II) and produced magnetite (and other oxide surfaces) that coordinated Fe(II), which then facilitated dechlorination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - IRON oxides
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11813919; Satapanajaru, Tunlawit 1; Shea, Patrick J. 2; Email Address: pshea@unl.edu; Comfort, Steve D. 2; Roh, Yul 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand 10900; 2: School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583 -0915; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038; Issue Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 22, p5219; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: IRON oxides; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fellows, Robert J.
AU  - Zheming Wang
AU  - Ainsworth, Calvin C.
T1  - Europium Uptake and Partitioning in Oat (Avena sativa) Roots as Studied by Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Confocal Microscopy Profiling Technique.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5247
EP  - 5353
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The uptake of Eu[sup3+] by elongating oat roots was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime measurement, and a laser excitation time-resolved confocal fluorescence profiling technique. The results of this work indicated that initial uptake of Eu[sup3+] was highest within the undifferentiated cells of the root tip just behind the root cap, a region of maximal cell growth and differentiation and with incomplete formation of the Casparian strip around the central vascular cylinder. Distribution of assimilated Eu[sup3+] within the root's differentiation and elongation zone was nonuniform. Higher concentrations of Eu[sup3+] were observed within the vascular cylinder, specifically in the phloem and developing xylem parenchyma. Elevated levels of the metal were also observed in the root hairs of the mature rootzone. Fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of the assimilated Eu[sup3+] suggested that the Eu[sup3+] exists as inner-sphere mononuclear complexes inside the root. This work also demonstrated the effectiveness of a time-resolved Eu[sup3+] fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal fluorescence profiling techniques for the in vivo, real- time study of metal [Eu[sup3+]] accumulation by a functioning intact plant root This approach can prove valuable for basic and applied studies in plant nutrition and environmental uptake of actinide radionuclides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OATS
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - GROWTH factors
KW  - ROOT crops
N1  - Accession Number: 11813922; Fellows, Robert J. 1; Zheming Wang 1; Email Address: Zheming.Wang@pnl.gov; Ainsworth, Calvin C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-96, Richland, Washington 99352; Issue Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 22, p5247; Subject Term: OATS; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: GROWTH factors; Subject Term: ROOT crops; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311230 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111199 All Other Grain Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 11686578
T1  - Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dynamics during HCV treatment in HCV/HIV coinfection.
AU  - Torriani, Francesca J.
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Gilbert, Tari L.
AU  - Schrenk, Uschi M.
AU  - Clauson, Marietta
AU  - Pacheco, DeeDee M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
N1  - Accession Number: 11686578. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050218. Revision Date: 20161128. Publication Type: journal article. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Editorial Board Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Instrumentation: Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation (LIFE). Grant Information: RR06555/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States. NLM UID: 0413675. 
KW  - HIV-1 -- Physiology
KW  - HIV Infections
KW  - Hepatitis C
KW  - Polyethylene Glycols -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Antiviral Agents -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Proteins -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - Hepatitis Viruses -- Physiology
KW  - Hepatitis C -- Drug Therapy
KW  - Adult
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
KW  - Ribavirin -- Therapeutic Use
KW  - HIV Infections -- Immunology
KW  - Human
KW  - HIV Infections -- Blood
KW  - Recombinant Proteins
KW  - HIV Infections -- Drug Therapy
KW  - Microbiologic Phenomena
KW  - Hepatitis C -- Blood
KW  - RNA -- Blood
KW  - Biopsy
KW  - Male
KW  - Drug Therapy, Combination
KW  - Alanine Aminotransferase -- Blood
KW  - Hepatitis C -- Immunology
KW  - Clinical Trials
KW  - Validation Studies
KW  - Comparative Studies
KW  - Evaluation Research
KW  - Multicenter Studies
KW  - Randomized Controlled Trials
SP  - 1498
EP  - 1507
JO  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JA  - J INFECT DIS
VL  - 188
IS  - 10
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
AB  - We studied hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dynamics in 10 coinfected subjects in a trial of pegylated interferon-alpha2a (PEG-IFN) alone or combined with ribavirin (RBV), compared with IFN plus RBV for the treatment of HCV. Five subjects, 4 of whom were treated with PEG-IFN, achieved a sustained virological response, although it was delayed by >/=1 week in 3 subjects. The median treatment efficacy in blocking virion production was 99.7% in the PEG-IFN group and 60% with standard IFN. In 2 patients with detectable HIV loads before starting HCV study drugs, we observed a 1-log decrease in HIV RNA load. The estimated HCV virion half-life was longer in the HIV-coinfected subjects, which suggests that coinfection may contribute to a slower clearance of HCV. Although the early viral kinetics of coinfected subjects treated with PEG-IFN or IFN differ from those of singly infected subjects, the treatment response seems unaffected.
SN  - 0022-1899
AD  - Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico
AD  - Hoffman-La Roche Pharmaceuticals, Switzerland
AD  - Department of Pathology, University of California
U2  - PMID: 14624375.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torriani, Francesca J.
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Gilbert, Tari L.
AU  - Schrenk, Uschi M.
AU  - Clauson, Marietta
AU  - Pacheco, DeeDee M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dynamics during HCV treatment in HCV/HIV coinfection.
JO  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 188
IS  - 10
M3  - journal article
SP  - 1498
EP  - 1507
SN  - 00221899
AB  - We studied hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dynamics in 10 coinfected subjects in a trial of pegylated interferon-alpha2a (PEG-IFN) alone or combined with ribavirin (RBV), compared with IFN plus RBV for the treatment of HCV. Five subjects, 4 of whom were treated with PEG-IFN, achieved a sustained virological response, although it was delayed by >/=1 week in 3 subjects. The median treatment efficacy in blocking virion production was 99.7% in the PEG-IFN group and 60% with standard IFN. In 2 patients with detectable HIV loads before starting HCV study drugs, we observed a 1-log decrease in HIV RNA load. The estimated HCV virion half-life was longer in the HIV-coinfected subjects, which suggests that coinfection may contribute to a slower clearance of HCV. Although the early viral kinetics of coinfected subjects treated with PEG-IFN or IFN differ from those of singly infected subjects, the treatment response seems unaffected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Infectious Diseases is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIRUS diseases -- Treatment
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Treatment
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11686578; Torriani, Francesca J. 1; Email Address: ftorriani@ucsd.edu; Ribeiro, Ruy M. 2; Gilbert, Tari L. 1; Schrenk, Uschi M. 3; Clauson, Marietta 4; Pacheco, DeeDee M. 1; Perelson, Alan S. 2; Source Information: 11/15/2003, Vol. 188 Issue 10, p1498; Subject: VIRUS diseases -- Treatment; Subject: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Treatment; Subject: THERAPEUTICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: journal article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitch, J. Patrick
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - Imbro, Dennis R.
T1  - Technology Challenges in Responding to Biological orChemical Attacks in the Civilian Sector.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5649
M3  - Article
SP  - 1350
EP  - 1354
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Increasingly sophisticated technologies are needed for counterterrorism responses to biological and chemical warfare agents. Recently developed detection and identification systems are characterized by increased sensitivity, greater automation, and fewer false alarms. Attempts are also under way to reduce the cost and complexity of field-deployable systems. A broad range of decontamination reagents for equipment and personnel is emerging, but decontamination of large buildings, inaccessible spaces, and sensitive equipment remains problematic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COUNTERTERRORISM
KW  - BIOLOGICAL warfare
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare
KW  - AUTOMATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11547075; Fitch, J. Patrick 1; Email Address: fitch2@llnl.gov (J.P.F.); Raber, Ellen 2; Email Address: raber1@llnl.gov (E.R.); Imbro, Dennis R. 1; Source Information: 11/21/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5649, p1350; Subject: COUNTERTERRORISM; Subject: BIOLOGICAL warfare; Subject: CHEMICAL warfare; Subject: AUTOMATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4821
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matamala, Roser
AU  - Gonzàlez-Meler, Miquel A.
AU  - Jastrow, Julie D.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Schlesinger, William H.
T1  - Impacts of Fine Root Turnover on Forest NPP and Soil CSequestration Potential.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5649
M3  - Article
SP  - 1385
EP  - 1387
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Estimates of forest net primary production (NPP) demand accurate estimates of root production and turnover. We assessed root turnover with the use of an isotope tracer in two forest free-air carbon dioxide enrichment experiments. Growth at elevated carbon dioxide did not accelerate root turnover in either the pine or the hardwood forest. Turnover of fine root carbon varied from 1.2 to 9 years, depending on root diameter and dominant tree species. These long turnover times suggest that root production and turnover in forests have been overestimated and that sequestration of anthropogenic atmospheric carbon in forest soils may be lower than currently estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - FOREST soils
KW  - PINE
N1  - Accession Number: 11547085; Matamala, Roser 1; Email Address: matamala@anl.gov; Gonzàlez-Meler, Miquel A. 2; Jastrow, Julie D. 1; Norby, Richard J. 3; Schlesinger, William H. 4; Source Information: 11/21/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5649, p1385; Subject: FORESTS & forestry; Subject: CARBON dioxide; Subject: FOREST soils; Subject: PINE; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2847
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zalesny, Mary D.
T1  - Making Sense of Intractable Environmental Conflicts: Concepts and Cases.
JO  - Administrative Science Quarterly
JF  - Administrative Science Quarterly
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 48
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 718
EP  - 720
PB  - Administrative Science Quarterly
SN  - 00018392
AB  - The article reviews the book "Making Sense of Intractable Environmental Conflicts: Concepts and Cases," edited by Roy J. Lewicki, Barbara Gray and Michael Elliott.
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL management
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - LEWICKI, Roy J.
KW  - GRAY, Barbara
KW  - ELLIOTT, Michael
KW  - MAKING Sense of Intractable Environmental Conflicts: Concepts & Cases (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13602929; Zalesny, Mary D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Seattle, WA 98105; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 48 Issue 4, p718; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL management; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: MAKING Sense of Intractable Environmental Conflicts: Concepts & Cases (Book); People: LEWICKI, Roy J.; People: GRAY, Barbara; People: ELLIOTT, Michael; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1381
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Chant, Lawrence J.
T1  - Turbulent, mixing of a scalar quantity in a 2-d mixing layer using matched asymptotic expansions
JO  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
JF  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
J1  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
PY  - 2003/12//
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 955
SN  - 0307904X
AB  - In this note analytical solutions for the turbulent mixing of a scalar quantity (mass, temperature, etc.) for a 2-d, free shear flow are developed. Approximate, i.e. thin shear layer self-similar forms for mass, momentum and the scalar quantity are derived, linearized using Go¨ertler’s [ZAMM 22 (1942) 244] perturbation argument and examined. Though successful for the mean velocity field, the regular expansion yields inconsistent solutions for the transport of a scalar. Sources of the non-uniformity are identified and a consistent result is obtained using matched asymptotic expansions. This result explains the success of semi-empirical convective velocity closures used by several researchers for a turbulence length scale equation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematical Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR flow
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - SPEED
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11114239; Source Information: Dec2003, Vol. 27 Issue 12, p955; Subject Term: SHEAR flow; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 8p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1016/j.apm.2003.08.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sedjo, Roger A.
AU  - Marland, Gregg
T1  - Inter-trading permanent emissions credits and rented temporary carbon emissions offsets: some issues and alternatives
JO  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
JF  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
EP  - 444
SN  - 14693062
AB  - Permit trading among polluting parties is now firmly established as a policy tool in a range of environmental policy areas. The Kyoto Protocol accepts the principle that sequestration of carbon in the terrestrial biosphere can be used to offset emissions of carbon from fossil fuel combustion and outlines mechanisms. Although the lack of guaranteed permanence of biological offsets is often viewed as a defect, this paper argues that the absence of guaranteed permanence need not be a fundamental problem. We view carbon emissions as a liability issue. One purpose of an emissions credit system is to provide the emitter with a means to satisfy the carbon liability associated with her firm’s (or country’s) release of carbon into the atmosphere. We have developed and here expand on a rental approach, in which sequestered carbon is explicitly treated as temporary: the emitter temporarily satisfies his liability by temporarily “parking” his liability, for a fee, in a terrestrial carbon reservoir, or “sink,” such as a forest or agricultural soil. Finally, the paper relates the value of permanent and temporary sequestration and argues that both instruments are tradable and have a high degree of substitutability that allows them to interact in markets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions trading
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Biological sequestration
KW  - Carbon offsets
KW  - Permanence
KW  - Rents
N1  - Accession Number: 17053214; Sedjo, Roger A. 1; Email Address: sedjo@rff.org; Marland, Gregg 2; Email Address: gum@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Resources for the Future, 1616 P Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA; 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p435; Thesaurus Term: Emissions trading; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon offsets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permanence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rents; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1469-3062(03)00051-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomson, Judi
AU  - Adams, Dan
AU  - Cowley, Paula J.
AU  - Walker, Kevin
T1  - Metadata's Role in a Scientific Archive.
JO  - Computer (00189162)
JF  - Computer (00189162)
J1  - Computer (00189162)
PY  - 2003/12//
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 34
SN  - 00189162
AB  - Discusses the metadata's role in the scientific archive of the U.S. Department of Energy's William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory.  Scientific archive management (SAM) system; Benefits of the metadata to SAM users; SAM architecture.
KW  - METADATA
KW  - SCIENTIFIC archives
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11811650; Source Information: Dec2003, Vol. 36 Issue 12, p27; Subject Term: METADATA; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC archives; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 8p; ; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zak, Donald R.
AU  - Holmes, William E.
AU  - Finzi, Adrien C.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Schlesinger, William H.
T1  - SOIL NITROGEN CYCLING UNDER ELEVATED CO2: A SYNTHESIS OF FOREST FACE EXPERIMENTS.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1508
EP  - 1514
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study which examines the extent to which net primary productivity (NPP) of plants will be sustained in soil nitrogen (N) cycling under elevated carbon dioxide (CO2). The use of common field and laboratory methods to measure microbial N, gross N mineralization, and immobilization in free-air CO2 enrichment experiments is noted. Results indicating that atmospheric CO2 concentration has no effect on any microbial N cycling pool is explained.
KW  - Nitrogen in soils
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Effect of nitrogen on plants
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - climate change
KW  - elevated CO2
KW  - forest FACE experiments
KW  - gross N mineralization
KW  - microbial immobilization
KW  - soil microorganisms
KW  - soil N cycling
N1  - Accession Number: 112065603; Zak, Donald R. 1; Holmes, William E. 1; Finzi, Adrien C. 2; Norby, Richard J. 3; Schlesinger, William H. 4; Affiliations: 1 : School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1115 USA; 2 : Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 USA; 3 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422 USA; 4 : Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p1508; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen in soils; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Effect of nitrogen on plants; Subject Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Subject Term: Plant growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest FACE experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: gross N mineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbial immobilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil microorganisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil N cycling; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/03-5055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fair, Jeanne M.
AU  - Myers, Orrin B.
AU  - Ricklefs, Robert E.
T1  - IMMUNE AND GROWTH RESPONSE OF WESTERN BLUEBIRDS AND ASH-THROATED FLYCATCHERS TO SOIL CONTAMINANTS.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1817
EP  - 1829
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study which examines the effects of soil contaminants to the immune and growth of Western bluebirds and ash-throated fly catchers. An investigation of the immunocompetence of the bird species at the landscape-soil contaminant gradient at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in New Mexico is noted. Highlights of the findings include lower survival of nestling flycatchers in contaminant release site, similar patterns in cell-mediated effects, and increase in hematocrits.
KW  - Soil pollution -- Physiological effect
KW  - Western bluebird
KW  - Ash-throated flycatcher
KW  - Hematocrit
KW  - Bird growth
KW  - antigen
KW  - Ash-throated Flycatcher
KW  - contaminants
KW  - immunocompetence
KW  - nestling mortality
KW  - Western Bluebird
KW  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 112065602; Fair, Jeanne M. 1,2; Myers, Orrin B. 1; Ricklefs, Robert E. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Risk Reduction and Environmental Stewardship, MS M887, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA; 2 : University of Missouri-St. Louis, Department of Biology, 8001 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, Missouri 63121 USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p1817; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: Western bluebird; Subject Term: Ash-throated flycatcher; Subject Term: Hematocrit; Subject Term: Bird growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: antigen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ash-throated Flycatcher; Author-Supplied Keyword: contaminants; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunocompetence; Author-Supplied Keyword: nestling mortality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Western Bluebird; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/02-5058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chou, Charissa J.
AU  - Johnson, Vernon G.
AU  - Barnett, D. Brent
AU  - Olson, Phil M.
T1  - Optimizing Liquid Effluent Monitoring at a Large Nuclear Complex.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 720
EP  - 734
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Effluent monitoring typically requires a large number of analytes and samples during the initial or startup phase of a facility. Once a baseline is established, the analyte list and sampling frequency may be reduced. Although there is a large body of literature relevant to the initial design, few, if any, published papers exist on updating established effluent monitoring programs. This paper statistically evaluates four years of baseline data to optimize the liquid effluent monitoring efficiency of a centralized waste treatment and disposal facility at a large defense nuclear complex. Specific objectives were to: (1) assess temporal variability in analyte concentrations, (2) determine operational factors contributing to waste stream variability, (3) assess the probability of exceeding permit limits, and (4) streamline the sampling and analysis regime. Results indicated that the probability of exceeding permit limits was one in a million under normal facility operating conditions, sampling frequency could be reduced, and several analytes could be eliminated. Furthermore, indicators such as gross alpha and gross beta measurements could be used in lieu of more expensive specific isotopic analyses (radium, cesium-137, and strontium-90) for routine monitoring. Study results were used by the state regulatory agency to modify monitoring requirements for a new discharge permit, resulting in an annual cost savings of US $223,000. This case study demonstrates that statistical evaluation of effluent contaminant variability coupled with process knowledge can help plant managers and regulators streamline analyte lists and sampling frequencies based on detection history and environmental risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sewage
KW  - Waste treatment
KW  - Radioactive substances
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Environmental risk assessment
KW  - Cost control
KW  - Effluent monitoring
KW  - Exceedance probability
KW  - Grab and composite sampling
KW  - Variability
N1  - Accession Number: 16984469; Chou, Charissa J. 1; Johnson, Vernon G. 2; Barnett, D. Brent 1; Olson, Phil M. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K6-81, Richland, Washington 99352, USA; 2 : Fluor Hanford Company, Richland, Washington 99352, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p720; Thesaurus Term: Sewage; Thesaurus Term: Waste treatment; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive substances; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Environmental risk assessment; Subject Term: Cost control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effluent monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exceedance probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grab and composite sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variability; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldberg, Marsha S.
T1  - Strengthening the Link between Project Planning and Environmental Impact Assessment: The Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment Dialogue Process.
JO  - Environmental Practice
JF  - Environmental Practice
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 320
SN  - 14660474
AB  - An approach to stakeholder involvement known as the Dialogue process has been an integral part of the US Department of Defense Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment (ACWA) Program from its inception. It has provided a means of soliciting stakeholder input before key decisions are made. The projects developed under the ACWA Program are characterized as major federal actions and therefore also must meet the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). One of these is the requirement for public participation in the environmental impact assessment process. This case study describes the ACWA Dialogue and NEPA processes, and examines their relationship in the implementation of the ACWA Program. The examination suggests that involving the public at the beginning of a program through a Dialogue-like process can introduce environmental considerations early in the project development process and contribute to the development of a more informed public. These factors improve the overall efficacy of public participation, strengthening the link between project development and environmental assessment in a manner consistent with the original intent of NEPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Practice is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Chemical weapons
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Law
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12042353; Goldberg, Marsha S. 1; Email Address: goldbergm@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory, Washington, DC;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p313; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Chemical weapons; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Subject Term: Law; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, Wolfram H.
AU  - Knapp Jr., F. F.
AU  - Kropp, J.
T1  - 11th Mediterranean Meeting on Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceuticals 28--29 May 2003,Athens,Greece.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 30
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1701
EP  - 1702
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16197070
AB  - Highlights the11th Mediterranean Meeting on Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceuticals in Athens, Greece.  Venue and theme of the event; Names of guest speakers; List of topics discussed.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - NUCLEAR medicine
KW  - RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
KW  - LECTURERS
KW  - ATHENS (Greece)
KW  - GREECE
N1  - Accession Number: 12482875; Knapp, Wolfram H. 1; Email Address: knapp.wolfram@mh-hannover.de; Knapp Jr., F. F. 2; Kropp, J. 3; Source Information: 2003, Vol. 30 Issue 12, p1701; Subject: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject: NUCLEAR medicine; Subject: RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS; Subject: LECTURERS; Geographic Terms: ATHENS (Greece); GREECE; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Hartz-Rubin, Jennifer S.
AU  - Verbrugge, Maria J.
T1  - Phenological responses in maple to experimental atmospheric warming and CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 9
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1792
EP  - 1801
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Evidence that global warming has altered the phenology of the biosphere, possibly contributing to increased plant production in the northern hemisphere, has come from a diversity of observations at scales ranging from the view of the back yard to satellite images of the earth. These observations, coupled with an understanding of the effects of temperature on plant phenology, suggest that future changes in the atmosphere and climate could alter plant phenology with unknown or unpredictable consequences. We assessed the effects of simulated climatic warming and atmospheric CO2 enrichment on the spring and autumn phenology of maple trees ( Acer rubrum and A. saccharum) growing for four years in open-top field chambers. CO2 enrichment (+300 ppm) had no consistent effects on the timing of budbreak and leaf unfolding in the spring or leaf abscission in the autumn. Warming (+4°C) usually had predictable effects: in two of the three years of assessment, budbreak occurred earlier in warm chambers than in ambient temperature chambers, and leaf abscission always occurred later. The lengthening of the growing season could contribute to increased productivity, although effects of temperature on other physiological processes can concurrently have negative effects on productivity. In 1995, budbreak was unexpectedly delayed in the warmer chambers, apparently the result of advanced budbreak leading to injury from a late-spring frost. Likewise, there was increased risk associated with longer leaf retention in the autumn: in 1994, leaves in the warm chambers were killed by freezing temperatures before they had senesced. These observations support the premise that global warming could increase the length of the growing season. Phenological responses should, therefore, be part of any assessment of the possible consequences of global change, but our results also suggest that those responses may not always have positive effects on production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Plant phenology
KW  - Maple
N1  - Accession Number: 11691734; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov; Hartz-Rubin, Jennifer S. 2; Verbrugge, Maria J. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; 2 : St Olaf College, USA; 3 : Earlham College, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 9 Issue 12, p1792; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Plant phenology; Subject Term: Maple; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00714.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dickey, F.M.
AU  - Romero, L.A.
AU  - DeLaurentis, J.M.
AU  - Doerry, A.W.
T1  - Super-resolution, degrees of freedom and synthetic aperture radar.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Radar, Sonar & Navigation
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Radar, Sonar & Navigation
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 150
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 429
SN  - 13502395
AB  - Investigates the potential application of super-resolution concepts to synthetic aperture radar.  Operator inversion problem; Eigenvalue spectrum of the associated operator; Resolution enhancement of synthetic aperture radar images.
KW  - SYNTHETIC aperture radar
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
KW  - IMAGE processing
N1  - Accession Number: 11660495; Dickey, F.M. 1; Romero, L.A. 1; DeLaurentis, J.M. 1; Doerry, A.W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 150 Issue 6, p419; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC aperture radar; Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); Subject Term: IMAGE processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Day, Arthur C.
AU  - Hull, John R.
AU  - Strasik, Michael
AU  - Johnson, Phil E.
AU  - McCrary, Kevin E.
AU  - Edwards, John
AU  - Mittleider, John A.
AU  - Schindler, James R.
AU  - Hawkins, Richard A.
AU  - Yoder, Michael L.
T1  - Corrections to "Temperature and Frequency Effects in a High-Performance Superconducting Bearing".
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 3873
EP  - 3875
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Presents corrections to the article "Temperature and Frequency Effects in a High-Performance Superconducting Bearing," published in a previous issue of the journal, "IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity."
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12120900; Day, Arthur C.; Email Address: arthur.c.day@boeing.com; Hull, John R. 1; Email Address: jhull@anl.gov; Strasik, Michael; Johnson, Phil E.; McCrary, Kevin E.; Edwards, John; Mittleider, John A.; Schindler, James R.; Hawkins, Richard A.; Yoder, Michael L.; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p3873; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Correction notice
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chylek, Petr
AU  - Borel, Christoph C.
AU  - Clodius, William
AU  - Pope, Paul A.
AU  - Rodger, Andrew P.
T1  - Satellite-Based Columnar Water Vapor Retrieval With the Multi-spectral Thermal Imager (MTI).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 41
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2767
EP  - 2770
SN  - 01962892
AB  - The Multi-spectral Thermal Imager (MTI) has three near-infrared bands (E, F, and G) within the 850-1050-nm spectral range that are used for the columnar water vapor (CWV) retrieval using the continuum interpolated band ratio (CIBR) and the atmospheric precorrected differential absorption (APDA) methods. The retrieved CWV amounts are compared with the aerosol robotic network (AERONET) measurements at the Oklahoma Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program and the Stennis Space Center sites. We find no significant difference in the accuracy of the two tested methods. However, there is a considerable difference in the root mean square error (RMSE) for the CWV retrieval over the Oklahoma ARM and the Stennis Space Center sites. The overall RMSE of the MTI CWV retrieval is found to be 13% to 14%. The error is reduced to 11% to 12% for CWV amounts larger then 1 g/cm[SUP2]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC water vapor
KW  - RADIATION measurements
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - VISIBILITY
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - Atmospheric measurements
KW  - remote sensing
KW  - satellites
KW  - water vapor.
N1  - Accession Number: 12258304; Chylek, Petr 1; Email Address: chylek@lanl.gov; Borel, Christoph C. 1; Clodius, William 1; Pope, Paul A. 1; Rodger, Andrew P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 41 Issue 12, p2767; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC water vapor; Subject Term: RADIATION measurements; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: VISIBILITY; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: remote sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: satellites; Author-Supplied Keyword: water vapor.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TGRS.2003.814914
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferlet-Cavrios, V.
AU  - Paillet, P.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Shennyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Baggio, J.
AU  - Torres, A.
AU  - Flament, O.
T1  - Charge Collection by Capacitive Influence Through Isolation Oxides.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 228
EP  - 2218
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper analyzes the collected charge in heavy ion irradiated MOS structures. The charge generated in the substrate induces displacement effect which strongly depends on the capacitor structure. Networks of capacitors are particularly sensitive to charge sharing effects. This has important implications for the reliability of SOI and DRAMs whichuse isolation oxides as a key elementary structure. The buried oxide of presentday and future SOI technologies is thick enough to avoid a significant collection from displacement effects. Ont eh other hand, the retention capacitors of trench DRAMs are particularly sensitive to charge release in the substrate. Charge collection on retention capacitors participate to the MBU sensitivity of DRAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM access memory
KW  - DIODES
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - SILICON-on-insulator technology
KW  - Capacitors
KW  - charge collection
KW  - charge sharing
KW  - device simulation
KW  - diodes
KW  - DRAMs
KW  - heavy ion irradiation
KW  - isolation oxides
KW  - MBU sensitivity
KW  - MOS structures
KW  - SOI technology
KW  - SRAMs
KW  - transient currents
KW  - trench capacitors.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517469; Ferlet-Cavrios, V. 1; Paillet, P. 1; Schwank, J. R. 2; Vizkelethy, G. 2; Shennyfelt, M. R. 2; Baggio, J. 1; Torres, A. 1; Flament, O. 1; Affiliations: 1: CEA/DIF, BP12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Ch&acirctel, France.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p228; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM access memory; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: SILICON-on-insulator technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacitors; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge collection; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge sharing; Author-Supplied Keyword: device simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: diodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: DRAMs; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: isolation oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: MBU sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOS structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOI technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: SRAMs; Author-Supplied Keyword: transient currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: trench capacitors.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821818
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holbert, Keith E.
AU  - Nessel, James A.
AU  - McCready, Steven S.
AU  - Heger, A. Sharif
AU  - Harlow, Thomas H.
T1  - Response of Piezoresistive MEMS Accelerometers and Pressure Transducers to High Gamma Dose.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1852
EP  - 1860
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Several piezoresistive microelectromechanical (MEMS) sensors are operated in a gamma ray environment to doses of 800 kGy. The pressure transducers and accelerometers are micromachined silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and bulk silicon devices, respectively. Both sensor types experienced similar performance. degradation: a drift in offset voltage with a slight increase in sensitivity. We explain the drift in offset voltage for all sensors tested by correlating the change in resistance of the silicon piezoresistors to the formation of oxide and interface trapped hole charges. We demonstrate how these charges effectively reduce the volume for current flow through the piezoresistors due to the creation of a depletion region surrounding the periphery of the gage resistors. Differences in tie magnitude of the output voltage drift of the two sensor types are determined to be related to the unique construction of each sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ACCELEROMETERS
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - PRESSURE transducers
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - Accelerometers
KW  - gamma radiation
KW  - microelectromechanical (MEMS)
KW  - plezoresistive
KW  - pressure transducers.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517418; Holbert, Keith E. 1; Email Address: Holbert@asu.edu; Nessel, James A. 1; McCready, Steven S. 2; Heger, A. Sharif 2; Harlow, Thomas H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.; 2: Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1852; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ACCELEROMETERS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: PRESSURE transducers; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: microelectromechanical (MEMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: plezoresistive; Author-Supplied Keyword: pressure transducers.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821373
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517418&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hjalmarson, Harold P.
AU  - Pease, Ronald L.
AU  - Witczak, Steven C.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, Marty R.
AU  - Schwank, James R.
AU  - Edwards, Arthur H.
AU  - Hembree, Charles E.
AU  - Mattsson, Thomas R.
T1  - Mechanisms for Radiation. Dose-Rate Sensitivity of Bipolar Transistors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1901
EP  - 1909
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Mechanisms for enhanced low-dose-rate sensitivity are described. In these mechanisms, bimolecular reactions dominate the kinetics at high dose rates thereby causing a sub-linear dependence on total dose, and this leads. to a dose-rate dependence. These bimolecular mechanisms include electron-hole. recombination, hydrogen recapture at hydrogen source sites, and hydrogen dimerization to form hydrogen molecules. The essence of each of these mechanisms is the dominance of the bimolecular reactions over the radiolysis reaction at high dose rates. However, at low dose rates, the radiolysis reaction dominates leading to a maximum effect of the radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIPOLAR transistors
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR junctions
KW  - SILICA
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - Bimolecular reaction
KW  - bipolar junction transistor
KW  - cracking
KW  - dimerization
KW  - dose rate
KW  - ELORS
KW  - excess base current
KW  - hole
KW  - hydrogen
KW  - interface trap
KW  - kinetics
KW  - proton
KW  - radiation
KW  - recombination
KW  - silicon dioxide.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517426; Hjalmarson, Harold P. 1; Email Address: hphjalm@sandia.gov; Pease, Ronald L. 2; Witczak, Steven C. 3; Email Address: steven.c.witczak@aero.org; Shaneyfelt, Marty R. 4; Schwank, James R. 4; Edwards, Arthur H. 5; Hembree, Charles E. 6; Mattsson, Thomas R. 7; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-0316, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 2: RLP Research, Los Lunas NM 87031 USA.; 3: Electronics Technology Center, Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA.; 4: Department 1762-1, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 5: Air Force Research Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.; 6: Department 1739, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 7: Department 1674, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1901; Subject Term: BIPOLAR transistors; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR junctions; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bimolecular reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: bipolar junction transistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: dimerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: ELORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: excess base current; Author-Supplied Keyword: hole; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface trap; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon dioxide.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821803
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517426&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felix, J. A.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Meisenheimer, T. L.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Dodd, P. E.
AU  - Gusev, E. P.
AU  - D'Emic, C.
T1  - Radiation-Induced Charge Trapping in Thin. A1[sub2]O[sub3]/SiO[subx]N[suby]/Si( 100) Gate Dielectric Stacks.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1910
EP  - 1918
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We examine the total-dose radiation response of capacitors and transistors with stacked Al&sub2;O&sub3; On oxynitride gate dielectrics with Al and poly-Si gates after irradiation with 10 keV X-rays. The midgap voltage shift increase monotonically with dose and depends strongly on both Al&sub2;O&sub3; and SiOxNy thickness! The thinnest dielectrics, of most interest to industry, are extrenely hard to ionizing irradiation, exhibiting only ∼50 mV of shift at a total dose of 10 Mrad(SiO&sub2;) for the worst case bias condition. Oxygen anneals are found to improve the total dose radiation response by ∼SO% and induce a small amount of capacitance-voltage hysteresis. Al&sub2; O&sub3; /SiOxNy dielectrics which receive a ∼1000°C dopaut activation anneal trap ∼12% more of the initial charge than films annealed at 550°C. Charge pumping measurements show that the interface trap density decreases with dose up to 500 krad(SiO&sub2;). This surprising result is discussed with respect to hydrogen effects in alternative dielectric materials, and may be the result of radiation-induced hydrogen passivation of some of the near-interfacial defects in these gate dielectrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - Alternative dielectric
KW  - annealing
KW  - bias dependence
KW  - charge pumping
KW  - electron tunneling
KW  - high-k
KW  - interface trap
KW  - MOS capacitor
KW  - oxide trapped charge
KW  - processing
KW  - radiation effects
KW  - radiation response.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517427; Felix, J. A. 1; Email Address: james.a.felix@vanderbilt.edu; Shaneyfelt, M. R. 2; Fleetwood, D. M. 1; Meisenheimer, T. L. 2; Schwank, J. R. 2; Schrimpf, R. D. 1; Dodd, P. E. 2; Gusev, E. P. 3; D'Emic, C. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, NashviIle, TN 37235 USA.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1083 USA.; 3: IBM Semiconductor Research and Development Center, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1910; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alternative dielectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: bias dependence; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge pumping; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron tunneling; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-k; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface trap; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOS capacitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxide trapped charge; Author-Supplied Keyword: processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation response.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820763
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517427&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuominen, E.
AU  - Härkönen, J.
AU  - Tuovinen, E.
AU  - Lassila-Perini, K.
AU  - Luukka, P.
AU  - Mehtäl&aauml;, P.
AU  - Nummela, S.
AU  - Nysten, J.
AU  - Zibellini, A.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Heikkilä, P.
AU  - Ovchinnikov, V.
AU  - Yli-Koski, M.
AU  - Laitinen, P.
AU  - Pirojenko, A.
AU  - Riihim&aauml;ki, I.
AU  - Virtanen, A.
T1  - Radiation Hardness of Czochraiski Silicon Studied by 10-MeV and 20-MeV Protons.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1942
EP  - 1946
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We have processed pin-diodes on Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si), standard float zone silicon (Fz-Si), and diffusion oxygenated float zone silicons (DOF) and irradiated them with 10- and 20-MeV protons. Evolutions of depletion voltage and leakage current as a function of irradiation dose were measured. Space charge sign inversion (SCSI) was Investigated by an annealing study and verified by. transient current technique (TCT). Czochraiski silicon was found to be significantly more radiation hard tan the other materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Czochralski silicon
KW  - radiation hardness
KW  - silicon detectors.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517432; Tuominen, E. 1; Email Address: eija.tuominen@cern.ch; Härkönen, J. 1; Tuovinen, E. 1; Lassila-Perini, K. 1; Luukka, P. 1; Mehtäl&aauml;, P. 1; Nummela, S. 1; Nysten, J. 1; Zibellini, A. 1; Li, Z. 2; Heikkilä, P. 3; Ovchinnikov, V. 3; Yli-Koski, M. 4; Laitinen, P. 5; Pirojenko, A. 5; Riihim&aauml;ki, I. 5; Virtanen, A. 5; Affiliations: 1: Helsinki Institute of Physics, CERN/EP, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, USA.; 3: Microelectronics Center, Helsinki University of Technology, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland.; 4: Electron Physics Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland.; 5: Accelerator Laboratory, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40351 Jyväskylä, Finland.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1942; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Czochralski silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon detectors.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821405
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517432&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham, Paul
AU  - Caifrey, Michael
AU  - Johnson, D. Eric
AU  - Rollins, Nathaniel
AU  - Wirthlin, Michael
T1  - SEU Mitigation for Half-Latches in Xilinx Virtex FPGAs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2139
EP  - 2146
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The performance, in-system reprogrammability, flexibility, and reduced costs of SKAM-based field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) make them very interesting for high-speed on-orbit data processing, but the current generation of radiation-tolerant SRAM-based FPGAs are based on commercial-off-the-shelf technologies and, consequently, are susceptible to single-event upset effects. In this paper, we discuss in detail the consequences of radiation-induced single-event upsets (SEUS) in the state of half-latch structures found in Xilinx Virtex FPGAs and describe methods for mitigating the effects of half-latch SEUs. One mitigation method's effectiveness is then illustrated through experimental data gathered through proton accelerator testing at Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, University of California-Davis. For the specific design and mitigation methodology tested, the mitigated design demonstrated more than an order of magnitude improvement in reliability over the unmitigated version of the design in regards to average proton fluence until circuit failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM access memory
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - PROTON accelerators
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
KW  - half- latches
KW  - proton accelerator
KW  - radiation effects
KW  - single-event upsets (SEUs).
N1  - Accession Number: 12517461; Graham, Paul 1; Email Address: grahamp@lanI.gov; Caifrey, Michael 1; Johnson, D. Eric 2,3; Rollins, Nathaniel 3; Wirthlin, Michael 3; Affiliations: 1: ISR-3 Space Data Systems, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 3: Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84601 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2139; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM access memory; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: PROTON accelerators; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); Author-Supplied Keyword: half- latches; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: single-event upsets (SEUs).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820744
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517461&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Eric
AU  - Caffrey, Michael
AU  - Graham, Paul
AU  - Rollins, Nathan
AU  - Wirthlin, Michael
T1  - Accelerator Validation of an FPGA SEU Simulator.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2147
EP  - 2158
SN  - 00189499
AB  - An accelerator test was used to validate the performance of an FPGA single event upset (SEU) simulator. The Crocker Nuclear Laboratory cyclotron proton accelerator was used to irradiate the SLAAC1-V, a Xilinx Virtex FPGA board. We also used the SLAAC1-V as the platform for a configuration bitstream SEU simulator. The simulator was used to probe the "sensitive bits" in various logic designs. The objective of the accelerator experiment was to characterize the simulator's ability to predict the behavior of a test design in the proton beam during a dynamic test. The test utilized protons at 63.3 MeV, well above the saturation cross-section for the Virtex part. Protons were chosen because, due to their lower interaction rate, we can achieve the desired upset rate of about one configuration bitstream upset per second. The design output errors and configuration upsets were recorded during the experiment and compared to results from the simulator. In summary, for an extensively tested design, the simulator predicted 97% of the output errors observed during radiation testing. The SEU simulator can now be used with confidence to quickly and affordably examine logic designs to 'map' sensitive bits, to provide assurance that incorporated mitigation techniques perform correctly, and to evaluate the costs and benefits of various mitigation strategies. The simulator provides an excellent test environment that accurately represents radiation induced configuration bitstream upsets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - PROTON accelerators
KW  - LOGIC design
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - Dynamic testing
KW  - field programmable gate array (FPGA)
KW  - proton accelerator
KW  - radiation
KW  - simulator
KW  - single event upset (SEU).
N1  - Accession Number: 12517462; Johnson, Eric 1,2; Caffrey, Michael 1; Email Address: mpc@lanl.gov; Graham, Paul 1; Rollins, Nathan 3; Wirthlin, Michael 3; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84601 USA.; 3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84601 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2147; Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: PROTON accelerators; Subject Term: LOGIC design; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate array (FPGA); Author-Supplied Keyword: proton accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: single event upset (SEU).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821791
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517462&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reed, Robert A.
AU  - Marshall, Paul W.
AU  - Pickel, James C.
AU  - Carts, Martin A.
AU  - Fodness, Bryan
AU  - Niu, Guofu
AU  - Fritz, Karl
AU  - Vizkelethy, Gyorgy
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
AU  - Irwin, Tim
AU  - Cressler, John D.
AU  - Krithivasan, Ramkumar
AU  - Riggs, Pamela
AU  - Prairie, Jason
AU  - Randall, Barbara
AU  - Gilbert, Barry
AU  - Label, Kenneth A.
T1  - Heavy-Ion Broad-Beam and Microprobe Studies of Single-Event Upsets in 0.20-#mu;m SiGe Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors and Circuits.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2184
EP  - 2190
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Combining broad-beam circuit level single-event upset (SEU) response with heavy ion microprobe charge collection measurements on single silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors improves understanding of the charge collection mechanisms responsible for SEU response of digital SiGe HBT technology. This new understanding of the SEU mechanisms shows that the right rectangular parallele-piped model for the sensitive volume is not applicable to this technology. A new first-order physical model is proposed and calibrated with moderate success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - BIPOLAR transistors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - HETEROJUNCTIONS
KW  - Ground testing
KW  - modeling
KW  - SiGe
KW  - silicon germanium
KW  - single event effect
KW  - single event upset.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517466; Reed, Robert A. 1; Email Address: robert.a.reed@nasa.gov; Marshall, Paul W. 1; Email Address: pwmarshall@aol.com; Pickel, James C. 2; Email Address: jim@pickel.net; Carts, Martin A. 3; Email Address: mcarts@pop500.gsfc.nasa.gov; Fodness, Bryan; Niu, Guofu 4; Email Address: varadmu@eng.aubum.edu; Fritz, Karl 5; Vizkelethy, Gyorgy 6; Email Address: gvizkel@sandia.gov; Dodd, Paul E. 6; Email Address: pedodd@sandia.gov; Irwin, Tim 7; Email Address: tirwin@pop500.gsfc.nasa.gov; Cressler, John D. 8; Email Address: cressler@ece.gatech.edu; Krithivasan, Ramkumar 8; Riggs, Pamela 5; Prairie, Jason 5; Randall, Barbara 5; Email Address: randall.Barbara@mayo.edu; Gilbert, Barry 5; Label, Kenneth A. 1; Email Address: Kenneth.A.Label@nasa.gov; Affiliations: 1: NASA/GSFC, Code 561.4, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; 2: PR&T, Inc., Fallbrook, CA 92028 USA.; 3: Raytheon ITSS, Code 561.4, Greenbelt, MD 20771USA; 4: Alabama Microelectronics Science and Technology Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.; 5: Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905 USA; 6: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 7: QSS Group, Inc., Code 561.4, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; 8: School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2184; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: BIPOLAR transistors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ground testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiGe; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: single event effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: single event upset.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821815
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517466&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Varadharajaperumal, Muthubalan
AU  - Niu, Guofu
AU  - Krithivasan, Ramkumar
AU  - Marshall, Paul W.
AU  - Cressler, John D.
AU  - Vizkelethy, Gyorgy
AU  - Joseph, Alvin J.
AU  - Reed, Robert A.
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
T1  - 3-D Simulation of Heavy-Ion Induced Charge Collection in SiGe HBTs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2191
EP  - 2198
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper presents the first 3D simulation of heavy-ion induced charge collection in a SiGe RBT,together with microbeam testing data. The charge collected by the terminals is a strong function of the ion striking position. The sensitive area of charge collection for each terminal is identified based on analysis of the device structure and simulation results. For a normal strike between the deep trench edges, most of the electrons and holes are collected by the collector and substrate terminals, respectively. For, an ion strike between the shallow trench edges surrounding the emitter, the base collects appreciable amount of charge. Emitter collects negligible amount of charge. Good agreement is achieved between the experimental and simulated data. Problems encountered with mesh generation and charge collection simulation are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMITTER-coupled logic circuits
KW  - SILICON
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Deep trench
KW  - DESSIS
KW  - HBT
KW  - LET
KW  - mesh
KW  - polysilicon emitter
KW  - shallow trench
KW  - SIMS
KW  - SRlM
KW  - UHV/CVD.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517467; Varadharajaperumal, Muthubalan 1; Email Address: varadmu@eng.auburn.edu; Niu, Guofu 1; Krithivasan, Ramkumar 2; Marshall, Paul W. 3; Cressler, John D. 2; Vizkelethy, Gyorgy 4; Joseph, Alvin J. 5; Reed, Robert A. 3; Dodd, Paul E. 4; Affiliations: 1: Alabama Microelectronics Science and Technology Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.; 2: School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; 3: NASA-GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; 4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 5: IBM Microelectronics, Essex Junction, VT 05452 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2191; Subject Term: EMITTER-coupled logic circuits; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep trench; Author-Supplied Keyword: DESSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: HBT; Author-Supplied Keyword: LET; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh; Author-Supplied Keyword: polysilicon emitter; Author-Supplied Keyword: shallow trench; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SRlM; Author-Supplied Keyword: UHV/CVD.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820775
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517467&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castellani-Coulié, K.
AU  - Sagnes, B.
AU  - Saigné, F.
AU  - Palau, J.-M.
AU  - Calvet, M.-C.
AU  - Dodd, P. E.
AU  - Sexton, F. W.
T1  - Comparison of NMOS and PMOS Transistor Sensitivity to SEU in SRAMs by Device Simulation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2239
EP  - 2244
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The off-NMOS and off-PMOS transistor single-event upset (SEU) sensitivities are studied in a 0.6-μm SRAM. In some cases, the off-PMOS sensitivity is shown to be similar to the off-NMOS one. This could affect SEU rate calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM access memory
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR junctions
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Electric field
KW  - NMOS
KW  - PMOS
KW  - SEU
KW  - SRAM
KW  - transistor sensitivity.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517473; Castellani-Coulié, K. 1; Email Address: coulie@cem2.univ-monpt2.fr; Sagnes, B. 1; Email Address: sagnes@cem2.univ-monpt2.fr; Saigné, F. 1; Email Address: saigne@cem2.univ-monpt2.fr; Palau, J.-M. 1; Email Address: palau@cem2.univ-montp2.fr; Calvet, M.-C. 2; Email Address: marie-catherine.calvet@launchers.eads.net; Dodd, P. E. 3; Email Address: pedodd@sandia.gov; Sexton, F. W. 3; Email Address: sextonfw@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: CEM2, Université Montpellier II, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.; 2: EADS-LV, Les Mureaux, France.; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2239; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM access memory; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR junctions; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric field; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEU; Author-Supplied Keyword: SRAM; Author-Supplied Keyword: transistor sensitivity.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821583
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517473&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boscher, D. M.
AU  - Bourdarai, S. A.
AU  - Friedel, R. H. W.
AU  - Belian, R. D.
T1  - Model for the Geostationary Electron Environment: POLE.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2278
EP  - 2283
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Two and a half solar cycle of electron outer radiation belt measurements were analyzed. The data were acquired with the full range of Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamso, NM, Geostationary satellites, covering the period 1976-2001. Cross calibrations of the instruments were performed amongst themselves and referenced to CRRES observation. A model wa derived [particle ONERA-LANL electron (POLE)] valid from 30 keV up to 2.5 MeV, which takes into account the solar cycle variation. In general, lower energy (< 100 keV) electrons remain constant within 20% during a solar cycle, while the energetic (> 500 keV) electrons show variations of over an order of magnitude. It is shown that the variability of these high energy electrons can change quite drastically from one solar cycle to the next. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - SOLAR cycle
KW  - GEOSTATIONARY satellites
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - electron radiation effects
KW  - Electrons
KW  - extraterrestrial measurements
KW  - modeling
KW  - space radiation effects
KW  - space vehicle reliability.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517479; Boscher, D. M. 1; Email Address: Daniel.Boscher@onecert.fr; Bourdarai, S. A. 1; Email Address: Sebastien.Bourdarie@onecert.fr; Friedel, R. H. W. 2; Email Address: friedel@lanl.gov; Belian, R. D. 2; Email Address: belian@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Office National d'Etudes etr de Recherches Aérospatiales/Départment Environment Spatial, Toulouse 31400, France.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2278; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: SOLAR cycle; Subject Term: GEOSTATIONARY satellites; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: electron radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: extraterrestrial measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: space radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: space vehicle reliability.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821609
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517479&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Townsend, L. W.
AU  - Zapp, E. N.
AU  - Stephens Jr, D. L.
AU  - Hoff, J. L.
T1  - Carrington Flare of 1859 as a Prototypical Worst-Case Solar Energetic Particle Event.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2307
EP  - 2309
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Recent analyses of ice core samples indicate that the Carrington flare of 1859 was the largest event observed in the past 500 years. These ice core data yield estimates of the proton fluence for energies greater than 30 MeV, but provide no other spectrum information. Assuming that the proton energy distribution for such an event is similar to that measured for other recent,large events, total ionizing doses in deep space are estimated for these hypothetical worst-case spectra. These estimated doses, as large as 50 krad (Si), could be catastrophic for sensitive electronic devices unless substantial shielding is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - SPECTRAL energy distribution
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - Cosmic rays
KW  - environmental radiation effects
KW  - extraterrestrial exploration
KW  - radiation monitoring
KW  - solar radiation.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517484; Townsend, L. W. 1; Email Address: ltownsen@tennessee.edu; Zapp, E. N. 2; Email Address: neal.zapp1@jsc.nasa.gov; Stephens Jr, D. L. 3,4; Email Address: Daniel.stephens@pnl.gov; Hoff, J. L. 3,5; Email Address: jhoff@oraucoc.org; Affiliations: 1: Nuclear Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300 USA.; 2: Space Radiation Analysis Group, Lock-heed Martin Space Operations, Houston, TX 77059 USA; 3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300 USA.; 4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; 5: Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Cincinnati, OH 45212 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2307; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: SPECTRAL energy distribution; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmic rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: extraterrestrial exploration; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: solar radiation.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821602
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517484&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paillet, P.
AU  - Ferlet-Cavrois, V.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Jones, R. L.
AU  - Flament, O.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Blackmore, E. W.
T1  - Total Dose Hardness Assurance Testing Using Laboratory Radiation Sources.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2310
EP  - 2315
SN  - 00189499
AB  - NMOS transistors were irradiated using X-ray, Co-60 gamma, electron, and proton radiation sources. The charge yield was estimated for protons of different energies and electrons, and compared with values obtained for X-ray and Co-60 irradiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductors
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Charge yield
KW  - initial recombination
KW  - ionizing radiation metal oxide semiconductor
KW  - MOS
KW  - total dose
KW  - transistors.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517485; Paillet, P. 1; Ferlet-Cavrois, V. 1; Schwank, J. R. 2; Jones, R. L. 2; Flament, O. 1; Shaneyfelt, M. R. 2; Blackmore, E. W. 3; Affiliations: 1: CEA/DIE BP12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Chatel, France.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-1083, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 3: TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2310; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge yield; Author-Supplied Keyword: initial recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionizing radiation metal oxide semiconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: total dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: transistors.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821392
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gersey, B.
AU  - Wilkins, R.
AU  - Huff, H.
AU  - Dwivedi, R. C.
AU  - Takala, B.
AU  - J. O'Donnell, B.
AU  - Wender, S. A.
AU  - Singleterry Jr, Robert C.
T1  - Correlation of Neutron Dosimetry Using a Silicon Equivalent Proportional Counter Microdosimeter and SRAM SEU Cross Sections for Eight Neutron Energy Spectra.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2363
EP  - 2366
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A silicon equivalent proportional counter micro-dosimeter (SEPCM) and 4 Mb SRAM were exposed to eight progressively hardened neutron energy spectra at the LANSCE ICE House facility. As the incident neutron energy spectra were hardened, the lineal energy spectra response from the SEPCM changed both in shape and in the number of lineal energy deposition events per incident neutron. The general trend of the 4 Mb SRAM single event upset (SEU) cross section was an increase for harder incident neutron energy spectra. Resulting dosimetric results were correlated to SEU cross sections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DOSIMETERS
KW  - LINEAR energy transfer
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Neutron dosimetry
KW  - neutron radiation
KW  - silicon microdosimetry
KW  - single-event upsets (SEUs).
N1  - Accession Number: 12517493; Gersey, B. 1; Email Address: 7buddyhme@hotmail.com; Wilkins, R. 1; Email Address: r_wilkins@pvamu.edu; Huff, H. 1; Email Address: h_huff@pvamu.edu; Dwivedi, R. C. 1; Email Address: r_dwivedi@pvamu.edu; Takala, B. 2; Email Address: takala@lanl.gov; J. O'Donnell, B. 2; Email Address: odonnell@lanl.gov; Wender, S. A. 2; Email Address: wender@lanl.gov; Singleterry Jr, Robert C. 3; Email Address: r.c.singleterry@larc.nasa; Affiliations: 1: NASA Center for Applied Radiation Research, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA.; 2: LANSCE-3, MS H855, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 3: NASA Langley Research Center, Structures and Materials, Analytical and Computational Methods Branch, Radiation Physics Group, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2363; Thesaurus Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DOSIMETERS; Subject Term: LINEAR energy transfer; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon microdosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: single-event upsets (SEUs).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821604
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Griffin, Patrick J.
T1  - Criteria for the Selection of Dosimetry Cross Sections.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2385
EP  - 2392
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper defines a process for selecting dosimetry-quality cross sections. The recommended cross-section evaluation depends on screening high-quality evaluations with quantified uncertainties, down-selecting based on comparison to experiments in standard neutron fields, and consistency checking in reference neutron fields. This procedure is illustrated for the 23Na(n, &lamda;)24Na reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - DIODES
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Activation foil
KW  - adjustment
KW  - cross section
KW  - dosimetry
KW  - least-squares
KW  - neutron
KW  - reference field
KW  - spectrum
KW  - standard field
KW  - unfold.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517497; Griffin, Patrick J. 1; Email Address: pjgriff@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Applied Nuclear Technologies Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2385; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activation foil; Author-Supplied Keyword: adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: cross section; Author-Supplied Keyword: dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: reference field; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: standard field; Author-Supplied Keyword: unfold.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821595
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12517497&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peratt, Anthony L.
T1  - Characteristics for the Occurrence of a High-Current, Z-Pinch Aurora as Recorded in Antiquity.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1192
EP  - 1214
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The discovery that objects from the Neolithic or Early Bronze Age carry patterns associated with high-current Z-pinches provides a possible insight Into the origin anti meaning of these ancient symbols produced by man. This paper directly compares the graphical and radiation data from high-current Z-pinches to these patterns. The paper focuses primarily, but not exclusively, on petroglyphs. It is found that a great many archaic petroglyphs can be classified according to plasma stability and Instability data. As the same morphological types are found worldwide, the comparisons suggest the occurrence of an intense aurora, as might be produced if the solar wind had increased between one and two orders of magnitude, millennia ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PETROGLYPHS
KW  - PICTURE-writing
KW  - PLASMA stability
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses
KW  - NEOLITHIC period
KW  - BRONZE age
KW  - Aurora
KW  - high-energy-density plasma
KW  - magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) instabilities
KW  - petroglyphs
KW  - pictograph
KW  - stonehenge
KW  - Z-pinch.
N1  - Accession Number: 12374159; Peratt, Anthony L. 1; Email Address: alp@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Plasma Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p1192; Subject Term: PETROGLYPHS; Subject Term: PICTURE-writing; Subject Term: PLASMA stability; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses; Subject Term: NEOLITHIC period; Subject Term: BRONZE age; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aurora; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-energy-density plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) instabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: petroglyphs; Author-Supplied Keyword: pictograph; Author-Supplied Keyword: stonehenge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Z-pinch.; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.820956
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wohlberg, Brendt
T1  - Noise Sensitivity of Sparse Signal Representations:  Reconstruction Error Bounds for the Inverse Problem.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
PY  - 2003/12//
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 51
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3053
EP  - 3060
SN  - 1053587X
AB  - Certain sparse signal reconstruction problems have been shown to have unique solutions when the signal is known to have an exact sparse representation. This result is extended to provide bounds on the reconstruction error when the signal has been corrupted by noise or is not exactly sparse for some other reason. Uniqueness is found to be extremely unstable for a number of common dictionaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INVERSE problems (Differential equations)
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11783214; Source Information: Dec2003, Vol. 51 Issue 12, p3053; Subject Term: INVERSE problems (Differential equations); Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics); Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 8p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TSP.2003.819006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=11783214&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, B.
AU  - Critchlow, T.
AU  - Abdulla, G.
AU  - Baldwin, C.
AU  - Kamimura, R.
AU  - Musick, R.
AU  - Snapp, R.
AU  - Tang, N.
T1  - The framework for approximate queries on simulation data
JO  - Information Sciences
JF  - Information Sciences
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 157
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 00200255
AB  - AQSim is a system intended to enable scientists to query and analyze a large volume of scientific simulation data. The system uses the state of the art in approximate query processing techniques to build a novel framework for progressive data analysis. These techniques are used to define a multi-resolution index, where each node contains multiple models of the data. The benefits of these models are twofold: (1) they have compact representations, reconstructing only the information relevant to the analysis, and (2) the variety of models capture different aspects of the data which may be of interest to the user but are not readily apparent in their raw form. To be able to deal with the data interactively, AQSim allows the scientist to make an informed tradeoff between query response accuracy and time. In this paper, we present the framework of AQSim with a focus on its architectural design. We also show the results from an initial proof-of-concept prototype developed at LLNL. The presented framework is generic enough to handle more than just simulation data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Information Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Architectural design
KW  - Scientists
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Querying (Computer science)
KW  - Approximate query
KW  - Multi-model data reduction
KW  - Multi-resolution index
N1  - Accession Number: 11294938; Lee, B. 1; Email Address: bslee@cs.uvm.edu; Critchlow, T. 2; Abdulla, G. 2; Baldwin, C. 2; Kamimura, R. 2; Musick, R. 3; Snapp, R. 1; Tang, N. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Computer Science, University of Vermont, Votey Building, Burlington, VT 05405-0156, USA; 2 : Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 3 : Ikuni, Inc., 3400 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 157, p3; Thesaurus Term: Architectural design; Subject Term: Scientists; Subject Term: Data analysis; Subject Term: Querying (Computer science); Author-Supplied Keyword: Approximate query; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-model data reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-resolution index; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-0255(03)00185-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - vth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Wall, Doug
AU  - Enos, David
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - TECH HIGHLIGHTS.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Winter2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
SN  - 10648208
AB  - This article presents developments related to technological innovations. Multilevel copper interconnection structures are used extensively in advanced integrated circuit architectures to realize a number of enhanced performance features. There is consequently great interest in developing improved methods for deposition of low-resistivity copper interconnect layers. The surface properties of a metal are ultimately defined by the nature of its oxide film. Recently, those properties are expressed in isoelectric point.
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICALS industry
KW  - TECHNOLOGY transfer
KW  - COPPER
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 12107281; Srinivasan, Venkat 1; Wall, Doug 2; Enos, David 2; Kelly, Mike 2; Affiliations: 1: University of California-Berkeley.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories.; Issue Info: Winter2003, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p30; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Thesaurus Term: ELECTROCHEMICALS industry; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY transfer; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: THIN films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fraser, Andrew M.
AU  - Hengartner, Nicolas W.
AU  - Vixie, Kevin R.
AU  - Wohlberg, Brendt E.
T1  - Classification Modulo Invariance, With Application to Face Recognition.
JO  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
JF  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
J1  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
PY  - 2003/12//
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 829
EP  - 852
SN  - 10618600
AB  - This article presents techniques for constructing classifiers that combine statistical information from training data with tangent approximations to known transformations; it demonstrates the techniques by applying them to a face recognition task. Our approach is to build Bayes classifiers with approximate class-conditional probability densities for measured data. The high dimension of the measurements in modern classification problems such as speech or image recognition makes inferring probability densities from feasibly sized training datasets difficult. We address the difficulty by imposing severely simplifying assumptions and exploiting a priori information about transformations to which classification should be invariant. For the face recognition task, we used a five-parameter group of such transformations consisting of rotation, shifts, and scalings. On the face recognition task, a classifier based on our techniques has an error rate that is 20% lower than that of the best algorithm in a reference software distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEASUREMENT errors
KW  - FACE perception
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - BAYESIAN field theory
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - INVARIANT measures
N1  - Accession Number: 11924353; Source Information: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p829; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT errors; Subject Term: FACE perception; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: BAYESIAN field theory; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: INVARIANT measures; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 24p; ; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1198/1061860032634
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=11924353&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whitney, Paul
AU  - Cox, Dennis
AU  - Daly, Don
AU  - Foote, Harlan
AU  - McQuerry, Dennis
AU  - Sloughter, J. McLean
T1  - Toward the Routine Analysis of Diverse Data Types.
JO  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
JF  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
J1  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
PY  - 2003/12//
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 915
EP  - 926
SN  - 10618600
AB  - This article describes a variety of data analysis problems. The types of data across these problems included free text, parallel text, an image collection, remote sensing imagery, and network packets. A strategy for approaching the analysis of these diverse types of data is described. A key part of the challenge is mapping the analytic results back into the original domain and data setting. Additionally, a common computational bottleneck encountered in each of these problems is diagnosed as analysis tools and algorithms with unbounded memory characteristics. This experience and the analysis suggest a research and development path that could greatly extend the scale of problems that can be addressed with routine data analysis tools. In particular, there are opportunities associated with developing theory and functioning algorithms with favorable memory-usage characteristics, and there are opportunities associated with developing methods and theory for describing the outcomes of analyses for the various types of data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - PACKET switching (Data transmission)
KW  - MAPPINGS (Mathematics)
KW  - KEYWORD searching
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 11924361; Source Information: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p915; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Subject Term: PACKET switching (Data transmission); Subject Term: MAPPINGS (Mathematics); Subject Term: KEYWORD searching; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 12p; ; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Graph; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1198/1061860032535
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=11924361&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Durgin, Nancy
AU  - Mitchell, John
AU  - Pavlovic, Dusko
T1  - A compositional logic for proving security properties of protocols.
JO  - Journal of Computer Security
JF  - Journal of Computer Security
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 721
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 0926227X
AB  - We present a logic for proving security properties of protocols that use nonces (randomly generated numbers that uniquely identify a protocol session) and public‐key cryptography. The logic, designed around a process calculus with actions for each possible protocol step, consists of axioms about protocol actions and inference rules that yield assertions about protocols composed of multiple steps. Although assertions are written using only steps of the protocol, the logic is sound in a stronger sense: each provable assertion about an action or sequence of actions holds in any run of the protocol that contains the given actions and arbitrary additional actions by a malicious attacker. This approach lets us prove security properties of protocols under attack while reasoning only about the sequence of actions taken by honest parties to the protocol. The main security‐specific parts of the proof system are rules for reasoning about the set of messages that could reveal secret data and an invariant rule called the “honesty rule”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computer Security is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - COMPUTER network protocols
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - DATA protection
KW  - SYMBOLIC & mathematical logic
N1  - Accession Number: 10717225; Durgin, Nancy 1; Mitchell, John 2; Pavlovic, Dusko 3; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Labs, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551, USA Tel.: +1 925 294 4909; Fax: +1 925 294 3271; E‐mail: nadurgi@sandia.gov; 2: Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA E‐mail: jcm@cs.stanford.edu; 3: Kestrel Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA E‐mail: dusko@kestrel.edu; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p677; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER network protocols; Thesaurus Term: SECURITY systems; Thesaurus Term: DATA protection; Subject Term: SYMBOLIC & mathematical logic; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths); Number of Pages: 45p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu Tang
T1  - Numerical Evaluation of Uniform Beam Modes.
JO  - Journal of Engineering Mechanics
JF  - Journal of Engineering Mechanics
J1  - Journal of Engineering Mechanics
PY  - 2003/12//
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 129
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1475
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 07339399
AB  - The equation for calculating the normal modes of a uniform beam under transverse free vibration involves the hyperbolic sine and cosine functions. These functions are exponential growing without bound. Tables for the natural frequencies and the corresponding normal modes are available for the numerical evaluation up to the 16th mode. For modes higher than the 16th, the accuracy of the numerical evaluation will be lost due to the round-off errors in the floating-point math imposed by the digital computers. Also, it is found that the functions of beam modes commonly presented in the structural dynamics books are not suitable for numerical evaluation. In this paper, these functions are rearranged and expressed in a different form. With these new equations, one can calculate the normal modes accurately up to at least the 100th mode. Mike’s Arbitrary Precision Math, an arbitrary precision math library, is used in the paper to verify the accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Engineering Mechanics is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GIRDERS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - BUCKLING (Mechanics)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - EVALUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11414664; Source Information: Dec2003, Vol. 129 Issue 12, p1475; Subject Term: GIRDERS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: BUCKLING (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: EVALUATION; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2003)129:12(1475)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Abraham P.
AU  - McConaghy, Charles F.
AU  - Sommargren, Gary
AU  - Krulevitch, Peter
AU  - Campbell, Eugen W.
T1  - Vertical-Actuated Electrostatic Comb Drive With In Situ Capacitative Position Correction for Application in Phase Shifting Diffraction Interferometry.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
J1  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
PY  - 2003/12//
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 960
EP  - 971
SN  - 10577157
AB  - Presents a study that utilized the levitation effect of electrostatic comb fingers to design vertical-to-the-substrate microactuators for optical phase shifting interferometry applications.  Parallel plate capacitor between the suspended mass and the substrate; In situ position sensing to control the vertical movement; Travel range of the designed vertical microactuator; Lock-in amplifier capacitive sensing circuit combined with a digital signal processor.
KW  - LEVITATION
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - MICROACTUATORS
KW  - PHASE shifters
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12314983; Source Information: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p960; Subject Term: LEVITATION; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: MICROACTUATORS; Subject Term: PHASE shifters; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 12p; ; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs, 7 Diagrams, 12 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Dabney K.
T1  - Phenotype- and Gene-Driven Approaches to Discovering the Functions of Mammalian Genes.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 133
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4269
EP  - 4270
SN  - 00223166
AB  - All of us are involved in discovery science as we pursue the genes, networks, cellular processes and biophysical principles that govern our chosen biological question. For those of us who choose to proceed using plant or animal models to dissect the elements of our favorite biological system, there are many classical and newer approaches available for our use, including two complementary strategies by which the discovery process is proceeding at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The ORNL has been known for six decades for its investigations of the effects of radiation and chemicals in inducing heritable mutations in mouse germ cells, and for using mouse mutations as tools for the cloning and characterization of mammalian genes. Our history and experience in making mouse models are being applied via these two complementary strategies: 1), a phenotypedriven approach, in which mice carrying random chemically-induced mutations are screened for abnormal phenotypes; and 2) a gene-driven approach in which heritable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in preselected genes already thought likely to influence a biological system of choice can be recovered in live mice. The SNP-carrying mice can then be phenotyped for alterations in one's target biology. Both approaches have value and are necessary; while we can use mutations in genes that we already know to be of interest in our favorite biology to discover gene function, we also know that biology is full of surprise genes whose effects on our favorite biology would not be predicted and which will be identified only through phenotype screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - GENES
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - GERM cells
KW  - MICE
N1  - Accession Number: 11972572; Johnson, Dabney K. 1; Email Address: johnsondk@ornl.gov; Source Information: Dec2003, Vol. 133 Issue 12, p4269; Subject: PHENOTYPE; Subject: GENES; Subject: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; Subject: MUTATION (Biology); Subject: GERM cells; Subject: MICE; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuchcinski, Krzysztof
AU  - Wolinski, Christophe
T1  - Global approach to assignment and scheduling of complex behaviors based on HCDG and constraint programming
JO  - Journal of Systems Architecture
JF  - Journal of Systems Architecture
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 49
IS  - 12-15
M3  - Article
SP  - 489
SN  - 13837621
AB  - This paper presents global high-level synthesis (HLS) approach which addresses the problem of synthesis of conditional behaviors under resource constraints. In proposed methodology, the conditional behaviors are represented by hierarchical conditional dependency graphs (HCDG) and synthesized using derived constraints programming (CP) models. Our synthesis methods exploit multicycle operations and chaining as well as conditional resource sharing and speculative execution at the same time. We assign both functional units and registers while making possible to conditionally share these components. These techniques are essential in HLS and the experiments carried out using the developed prototype system showed good performance of the synthesized designs and proved the feasibility of the presented approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Systems Architecture is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
KW  - GRAPH theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11471263; Kuchcinski, Krzysztof 1; Email Address: krzysztof.kuchcinski@cs.lth.se; Wolinski, Christophe 2,3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Computer Science, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; 3: IRISA, IFSIC, France; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 49 Issue 12-15, p489; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; Subject Term: GRAPH theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-7621(03)00075-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Virginia H. Dale
AU  - Sandra Brown
AU  - Magnolia O. Calderón
AU  - Arizmendis S. Montoya
AU  - Raúl E. Martínez
T1  - Estimating baseline carbon emissions for the Eastern Panama Canal watershed.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 348
SN  - 13812386
AB  - To participate in the potential market for carbon credits based on changes in the use and management of the land, one needs to identify opportunities and implement land-use based emissions reductions or sequestration projects. A key requirement of land-based carbon (C) projects is that any activity developed for generating C benefits must be additional to business-as-usual. A rule-based model was developed and used that estimates changes in land-use and subsequent carbon emissions over the next twenty years using the Eastern Panama Canal Watershed (EPCW) as a case study. These projections of changes in C stocks serve as a baseline to identify where opportunities exist for implementing projects to generate potential C credits and to position Panama to be able to participate in the emerging C market by developing a baseline under scenarios of business-as-usual and new-road development. The projections show that the highest percent change in land use for the new-road scenario compared to the business-as-usual scenario is for urban areas, and the greatest cause of C emission is from deforestation. Thus, the most effective way to reduce C emissions to the atmosphere in the EPCW is by reducing deforestation. In addition to affecting C emissions, reducing deforestation would also protect the soil and water resources of the EPCW. Yet, under the current framework of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), only credits arising from reforestation are allowed, which after 20 years of plantation establishment are not enough to offset the C emissions from the ongoing, albeit small, rate of deforestation in the EPCW. The study demonstrates the value of spatial regional projections of changes in land cover and C stocks: • The approach helps a country identify its potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emission liabilities into the future and provides opportunity for the country to plan alternative development pathways. • It could be used by potential project developers to identify which types of projects will generate the largest C benefits and provide the needed baseline against which a project is then evaluated. • Spatial baselines, such as those presented here, can be used by governments to help identify development goals. • The development of such a baseline, and its expansion to other vulnerable areas, well positions Panama to respond to the future market demand for C offsets. • It is useful to compare the projected change in land cover under the business-as-usual scenario to the goals set by Law 21 for the year 2020. Suggested next steps for analysis include using the modeling approach to explore land-use, C dynamics and management of secondary forests and plantations, soil C gains or losses, sources of variability in the land use and C stock projections, and other ecological implications and feedbacks resulting from projected changes in land cover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Panama Canal (Panama)
KW  - Panama
N1  - Accession Number: 20391679; Virginia H. Dale 1; Sandra Brown 2; Magnolia O. Calderón 3; Arizmendis S. Montoya 3; Raúl E. Martínez 3; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; E-mail: dalevh@ornl.gov; 2 : Ecosystem Services Unit, Winrock International, 1621 N Kent St, Suite 1200, Arlington, VA 22209, USA; 3 : Remote Sensing Unit of the Panama Canal Watershed, Panama Canal Authority, Panama City, Panama;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p323; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Panama Canal (Panama); Subject: Panama; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, E. Eugene
T1  - The myth of Homeland security
JO  - Network Security
JF  - Network Security
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 2003
IS  - 12
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 9
SN  - 13534858
N1  - Accession Number: 11825139; Schultz, E. Eugene 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California-Berkeley Lab, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 2003 Issue 12, p9; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S1353-4858(03)00008-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shah, K. S.
AU  - Glodo, J.
AU  - Klugerman, M.
AU  - Moses, W. W.
AU  - Derenzo, S. B.
AU  - Weber, M.J.
T1  - LaBr3 :Ce Scintillators for Gamma-Ray Speciroscopy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12/02/Dec2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2410
EP  - 2414
SN  - 00189499
AB  - In this paper, we report on a relatively new scintillator - LaBr3:Ce for gamma-ray spectroscopy. Crystals of this scintillator have been grown using Bridgman process. This material when doped with cerium has high light output (∼ 60000 photons/MeV) and fast principal decay constant (≤ 25 ns). Furthermore, it shows excellent energy resolution for γ-ray detection. Energy resolution of 3.2% (FWHM) has been achieved for 662 keV photons (137Cs source) at room temperature. High timing resolution (260 ps - FWHM) has been recorded with LaBr3:Ce-PMT and BaF3-PMT detectors operating in coincidence mode using 511-keV positron annihilation γ-ray pairs. Details of its scintillation properties, and variation of these properties with changing cerium concentration are reported. Potential applications of this material are also addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
KW  - POSITRONS
KW  - HIGH resolution spectroscopy
KW  - γ-detection
KW  - bromide compounds
KW  - Ce3+
KW  - energy resolution
KW  - rare-earth trihalides
KW  - scintillation crystals.
N1  - Accession Number: 12464421; Shah, K. S. 1; Email Address: kshah@rmdine.com; Glodo, J. 1; Klugerman, M. 1; Moses, W. W. 2; Derenzo, S. B. 2; Weber, M.J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Radiation Monitoring Devices, Watertown, MA 02472 USA.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2410; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Subject Term: POSITRONS; Subject Term: HIGH resolution spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: bromide compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ce3+; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: rare-earth trihalides; Author-Supplied Keyword: scintillation crystals.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820614
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexopoulos, T.
AU  - Avramidou, R.
AU  - Bratzler, U.
AU  - Cemoch, C.
AU  - Dris, M.
AU  - Fassouliotis, D.
AU  - Filippas, T. A.
AU  - Fokitis, E.
AU  - Cans, E. N.
AU  - Ioannou, P.
AU  - Katsoufis, E. C.
AU  - Kourkoumelis, Ch.
AU  - Krepouri, A.
AU  - Liolios, T.
AU  - Maltezos, S.
AU  - Manolopoulou, M.
AU  - Palestini, S.
AU  - Petridou, Ch.
AU  - Polychronakos, V.
AU  - Sampsonidis, D.
T1  - Extensive Performance Studies for the ATLAS BIS-MDT Precision Muon Chambers With Cosmic Rays.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12/02/Dec2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2420
EP  - 2425
SN  - 00189499
AB  - ATLAS (a toroidal LHC apparatus) is a general purpose experiment that will start its operation at the large hadron collider (LHC) at CERN in 2007. The ATLAS detector is designed to explore numerous physics processes by recording, measuring, and investigating the products emerging from proton-proton collisions at energies up to 14 TeV. High-precision muon momentum measurement (dp/p ∼ 10% at pT = 1 TeV/c) over large areas using monitored drift tube (MDT) chambers is crucial for the ATLAS experiment. More than 1200 MDT chambers, consisting of approximately 370 000 drift tubes, will provide a total coverage of 5500 m². Three Greek universities have taken the responsibility to construct 130 barrel inner small (BIS)-MDT chambers using 30 000 drift tubes of ∼ 1.7 m length that have been quality tested before assembly. The design of the muon drift tubes aims at high detection efficiency (> 95%) and a spatial single tube resolution of < 80 μm. This paper describes the cosmic ray test setup, which has been instrumented in order to verify that the BIS-MDT chamber Module-0 fulfills its design requirements. The analysis of its data shows that the chamber meets these requirements; it has low noise levels, uniform drift properties, good spatial resolution, and high particle detection efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - MUONS
KW  - ATLAS
KW  - cosmic rays
KW  - gas detectors
KW  - muon spectrometer
KW  - particle detectors.
N1  - Accession Number: 12464423; Alexopoulos, T. 1; Avramidou, R. 1; Bratzler, U. 1; Cemoch, C.; Dris, M. 1; Fassouliotis, D. 2; Filippas, T. A. 1; Fokitis, E. 1; Cans, E. N.; Ioannou, P. 2; Katsoufis, E. C.; Kourkoumelis, Ch. 1; Krepouri, A. 3; Liolios, T. 3; Maltezos, S. 1; Manolopoulou, M. 3; Palestini, S.; Petridou, Ch. 3; Polychronakos, V. 1; Sampsonidis, D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Athens, Greece.; 2: Physics Department, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; 3: Physics Department, Brookhaven national Laboratory, Upton, USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2420; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATLAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmic rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: muon spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle detectors.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820630
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Niu, Fenglin
AU  - Silver, Paul G.
AU  - Nadeau, Robed M.
AU  - McEvilly, Thomas V.
T1  - Migration of seismic scatterers associated with the 1993 Parkfield aseismic transient event.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/12/04/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6966
M3  - Article
SP  - 544
EP  - 548
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The time-varying deformation field within a fault zone, particularly at depths where earthquakes occur, is important for understanding fault behaviour and its relation to earthquake occurrence. But detection of this temporal variation has been extremely difficult, although laboratory studies have long suggested that certain structural changes, such as the properties of crustal fractures, should be seismically detectable. Here we present evidence that such structural changes are indeed observable. In particular, we find a systematic temporal variation in the seismograms of repeat microearthquakes that occurred on the Parkfield segment of the San Andreas fault over the decade 1987-97. Our analysis reveals a change of the order of 10?m in the location of scatterers which plausibly lie within the fault zone at a depth of ~3?km. The motion of the scatterers is coincident, in space and time, with the onset of a well documented aseismic transient (deformation event). We speculate that this structural change is the result of a stress-induced redistribution of fluids in fluid-filled fractures caused by the transient event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTHQUAKES
KW  - SEISMOGRAMS
KW  - FAULT zones
KW  - SAN Andreas Fault (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11581738; Niu, Fenglin 1,2; Email Address: niu@rice.edu; Silver, Paul G. 2; Nadeau, Robed M. 3; McEvilly, Thomas V. 3; Source Information: 12/4/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6966, p544; Subject: EARTHQUAKES; Subject: SEISMOGRAMS; Subject: FAULT zones; Geographic Terms: SAN Andreas Fault (Calif.); CALIFORNIA; UNITED States; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02151
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elioff, Michael S.
AU  - Valentini, James J.
AU  - Chandler, David W.
T1  - Subkelvin Cooling NO Molecules via "Billiard-like"Collisions with Argon.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/12/12/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5652
M3  - Article
SP  - 1940
EP  - 1943
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report the cooling of nitric oxide using a single collision between an argon atom and a molecule of NO. We have produced significant numbers (10[sup8] to 10[sup9] molecules per cubic centimeter per quantum state) of translationally cold NO molecules in a specific quantum state with an upper-limit root mean square laboratory velocity of 15 plus or minus 1 meters per second, corresponding to a 406 plus or minus 23 millikelvin upper limit of temperature, in a crossed molecular beam apparatus. The technique, which relies on a kinematic collapse of the velocity distributions of the molecular beams for the scattering events that produce cold molecules, is general and independent of the energy of the colliding partner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - ARGON
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 11762262; Elioff, Michael S. 1; Valentini, James J. 2; Chandler, David W. 1; Source Information: 12/12/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5652, p1940; Subject: NITRIC oxide; Subject: ARGON; Subject: MOLECULAR beams; Subject: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4183
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burger, Joanna
AU  - Myers, O.
AU  - Boring, C. S.
AU  - Dixon, C.
AU  - Jeitner, J. C.
AU  - Leonard, J.
AU  - Lord, C.
AU  - Mcmahon, M.
AU  - Ramos, R.
AU  - Shukla, S.
AU  - Gochfeld, Michael
T1  - Perceptual Indicators of Environmental Health, Future Land Use, and Stewardship.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 89
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 303
SN  - 01676369
AB  - There are important linkages between the health of humans and the environment, restoration of degraded lands, and long-term stewardship of public lands, yet most environmental indicators deal only with assessing the physical and biological aspects of ecosystems. In this article, we examine the ratings of perceptions of several environmental problems for their utility as indicators of environmental quality, and examine perceptions of future land use by people interviewed in Santa Fe, New Mexico, near the Department of Energy's (DOE) Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Overall, people with lower incomes rated environmental problems as more severe than others, were more willing to spend federal funds to solve them, and were consistent in their ratings of severity of environmental problems and their willingness to spend federal funds. Cleaning up LANL and other Department of Energy sites, received the highest rating for expenditure of federal funds. The highest rated future uses for DOE sites were for recreation and for National Environmental Research Parks. People with less education generally gave higher ratings to most future land uses for DOE than did those with more education. However, those with higher education gave higher ratings to nuclear reprocessing, and nuclear material storage. Where there were differences, the people interviewed at Santa Fe rated all environmental problems (except pesticides) as more severe than did those previously interviewed in Albuquerque (located farther from the LANL site), and they were more willing to spend federal funds on these problems. Ratings for all future land uses did not differ between the Santa Fe and Albuquerque respondents. These perception-based indicators show general agreement among people living close and farther away from LANL with respect to cleaning up LANL and the future land uses for the site. These indicators should be considered by regulators, site personnel, and policy makers in future management and land use decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biological monitoring
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Land use
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Department of Energy
KW  - environmental health
KW  - future land use
KW  - Los Alamos
KW  - perceptual indicators
KW  - stewardship
N1  - Accession Number: 15194941; Burger, Joanna 1,2; Email Address: burger@biology.rutgers.edu; Myers, O. 3; Boring, C. S. 1,2; Dixon, C. 1,2; Jeitner, J. C. 1,2; Leonard, J. 1,2; Lord, C. 1,4; Mcmahon, M. 1,2; Ramos, R. 1,2; Shukla, S. 1,2; Gochfeld, Michael 2,5; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, U.S.A.; 2 : Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey U.S.A.; 3 : Environmental Science Group, MS J495, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 4 : Research Planning Inc., Columbia, South Carolina, U.S.A.; 5 : Environmental and Community Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey U.S.A.;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p285; Thesaurus Term: Bioindicators; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biological monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Environmental monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Environmental health; Author-Supplied Keyword: Department of Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental health; Author-Supplied Keyword: future land use; Author-Supplied Keyword: Los Alamos; Author-Supplied Keyword: perceptual indicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: stewardship; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng, Zuoping
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
T1  - Influence of Calcium Carbonate on U(VI) Sorption to Soils.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5603
EP  - 5608
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The high stability of calcium uranyl carbonate complexes in the circumneutral pH range has a strong impact on U(VI) sorption in calcareous soils. To quantify this influence, sorption of U(VI) to soils in the presence of naturally occurring calcium carbonate was investigated by conducting batch experiments in which either U(VI) concentration or solution pH was varied. Two soils containing different calcium carbonate concentrations were selected, one from Oak Ridge, TN, and another from Altamont Pass, CA. The results show that the presence of calcium carbonate in soils strongly affects U(VI) sorption. Higher concentrations of soil calcium carbonate lead to a pronounced suppression of the pH-dependent sorption curve in the neutral pH range because of the formation of a very stable neutral complex of calcium uranyl carbonate in solution. A surface complexation model considering both strong and weak sites for ferrihydrite and ionizable hydroxyl sites for clay minerals was compared with experimental results, and U(VI) binding parameters were reasonably estimated. Fair agreement was found between the model predictions and sorption data, which span a wide range of U(VI) concentrations and pH. The results also show that appropriate solution-to-solid ratios need to be used when measuring distribution coefficients in calcareous soils to avoid complete CaCO[sub3] dissolution and consequent dilution of calcium uranyl carbonate complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIUM carbonate
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - SOIL absorption & adsorption
KW  - CALCAREOUS soils
KW  - CARBONATES
KW  - SOILS
N1  - Accession Number: 12101708; Zheng, Zuoping 1; Email Address: zzuoping@ibl.gov; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Wan, Jiamin 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p5603; Subject Term: CALCIUM carbonate; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: SOIL absorption & adsorption; Subject Term: CALCAREOUS soils; Subject Term: CARBONATES; Subject Term: SOILS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, Ezra C.
AU  - Wooldridge, Paul J.
AU  - Freese, Jens H.
AU  - Albrecht, Tim
AU  - Cohen, Ronald C.
T1  - Prototype for In Situ Detection of Atmospheric NO[sub3] and N[sub2]O[sub5] via Laser-Induced Fluorescence.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5732
EP  - 5738
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - We describe a prototype designed for in situ detection of the nitrate radical (N0[sub3]) by laser-induced fluorescence (LW) and of N[sub2]0[sub5] by thermal dissociation followed by LIW detection of N0[sub3]. An inexpensive 36 mW continuous wave multi-mode diode laser at 662 nm is used to excite N0[sub3] in the &Btilde;2E'(0000) ← X[sup2]A'[sub2](0000) band. Fluorescence is collected from 700 to 750 nm. The prototype has a sensitivity to N0[sub3] of 76 ppt for a 60 s integration with an accuracy of 8%. Although this sensitivity is adequate for studies of N[sub2]0[sub5] in many environments, it is much less sensitive (about 300 times) than expected based on a comparison of previously measured photophysical properties of N0[sub2] and N0[sub3]. This implies much stronger nonradiative coupling of electronic states in N0[sub3] than in N0[sub2]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - NITROGEN compounds
KW  - LASERS
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - DIODES
N1  - Accession Number: 12101725; Wood, Ezra C. 1; Wooldridge, Paul J. 1; Freese, Jens H. 1,2; Albrecht, Tim 1,3; Cohen, Ronald C. 1,4,5; Email Address: cohen@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Optical Institute, Technische Universität, Berlin, Germany.; 3: Technische Universität Berlin, Max-Volmer-Institut f¨r Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Berlin, Germany.; 4: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; 5: Energy and Environment Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p5732; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: NITROGEN compounds; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: DIODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kubátová, Alena
AU  - Herman, Jamie
AU  - Steckler, Tamara S.
AU  - De Veij, Marleen
AU  - Miller, David J.
AU  - Klunder, Edgar B.
AU  - Wai, Chien M.
AU  - Hawthorne, Steven B.
T1  - Subcritical (Hot/Liquid) Water Dechlorination of PCBs (Aroclor 1254) with Metal Additives and in Waste Paint.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5757
EP  - 5762
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - No disposal option exists for "mixed wastes" such as paint scrapings that are co-contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and radioactive metals. Either removal or destruction of the PCB5 is required prior to disposal. Comparison of subcritical water dechlorination (350 °C, 1 h) of Aroclor 1254 in paint scrapings (180 ppm) and of standard Aroclor 1254 showed significantly enhanced dechlorination in the presence of paint While no significant degradation was observed for standard Aroclor (no paint), the dechlorination of PCBs in paint was 99, 99, and 80% for the hepta-, hexa-, and pentachlorinated congeners, respectively, indicating that metals in the paint enhanced the dechlorination reactions. Adding metals to the standard Aroclor (no paint) reactions enhanced PCB dechlorination in subcritical water in descending order of activity: Pb &ap; Cu > Al > Zn > Fe. In the presence of both zerovalent and divalent lead and zerovalent copper in subcritical water (350 °C, 1 h), 99% of the Aroclor 1254 mixture (tetra- to heptachlorinated biphenyls) was dechlorinated. High dechlorination (ca. 95%) was also achieved with zerovalent aluminum. In contrast to other metals, lead retained its degradation ability at a lower temperature of 250 °C after 18 h. The high degradation efficiency achieved using metal additives in water at reasonable temperatures and pressures demonstrates the potential for subcritical water dechlorination of PCBs in paint scrapings and, potentially, in other solid and liquid wastes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls
KW  - WASTE paint
KW  - WATER -- Purification -- Chlorination
KW  - WASTE products
KW  - ORGANOCHLORINE compounds
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 12101729; Kubátová, Alena 1; Email Address: akubatova@undeerc.org; Herman, Jamie 2; Steckler, Tamara S. 1; De Veij, Marleen 3; Miller, David J. 1; Klunder, Edgar B. 4; Wai, Chien M. 2; Hawthorne, Steven B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Environmental Research Center, Campus Box 9018, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202.; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844.; 3: Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; 4: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236.; Issue Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p5757; Subject Term: POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls; Subject Term: WASTE paint; Subject Term: WATER -- Purification -- Chlorination; Subject Term: WASTE products; Subject Term: ORGANOCHLORINE compounds; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inada, Naohisa
AU  - Oguri, Masamune
AU  - Pindor, Bartosz
AU  - Hennawi, Joseph F.
AU  - Chiu, Kuenley
AU  - Wei Zheng
AU  - Ichikawa, Shin-Ichi
AU  - Gregg, Michael D.
AU  - Becker, Robert H.
AU  - Suto, Yasushi
AU  - Strauss, Michael A.
AU  - Turner, Edwin L.
AU  - Keeton, Charles R.
AU  - Annis, James
AU  - Castander, Francisco J.
AU  - Eisenstein, Daniel J.
AU  - Frieman, Joshua A.
AU  - Fukugita, Masataka
AU  - Gunn, James E.
T1  - A gravitationally lensed quasar with quadruple images separated by 14.62?arcseconds.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/12/18/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6968
M3  - Article
SP  - 810
EP  - 812
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Gravitational lensing is a powerful tool for the study of the distribution of dark matter in the Universe. The cold-dark-matter model of the formation of large-scale structures (that is, clusters of galaxies and even larger assemblies) predicts the existence of quasars gravitationally lensed by concentrations of dark matter so massive that the quasar images would be split by over 7?arcsec. Numerous searches for large-separation lensed quasars have, however, been unsuccessful. All of the roughly 70 lensed quasars known, including the first lensed quasar discovered, have smaller separations that can be explained in terms of galaxy-scale concentrations of baryonic matter. Although gravitationally lensed galaxies with large separations are known, quasars are more useful cosmological probes because of the simplicity of the resulting lens systems. Here we report the discovery of a lensed quasar, SDSS J1004 + 4112, which has a maximum separation between the components of 14.62?arcsec. Such a large separation means that the lensing object must be dominated by dark matter. Our results are fully consistent with theoretical expectations based on the cold-dark-matter model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASARS
KW  - LENSES
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - GALAXIES
N1  - Accession Number: 11724262; Inada, Naohisa 1; Oguri, Masamune 1; Pindor, Bartosz 2; Hennawi, Joseph F. 2; Chiu, Kuenley 3; Wei Zheng 3; Ichikawa, Shin-Ichi 4; Gregg, Michael D. 5,6; Becker, Robert H. 5,6; Suto, Yasushi 1; Strauss, Michael A. 2; Turner, Edwin L. 2; Keeton, Charles R. 7; Annis, James 8; Castander, Francisco J. 9; Eisenstein, Daniel J. 10; Frieman, Joshua A. 7,8; Fukugita, Masataka 11; Gunn, James E. 2; Source Information: 12/18/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6968, p810; Subject: QUASARS; Subject: LENSES; Subject: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject: ASTRONOMY; Subject: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject: GALAXIES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02153
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paz, Juan Pablo
T1  - Randomness in Quantum Computation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/12/19/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5653
M3  - Article
SP  - 2076
EP  - 2077
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Algorithms that involve such random choices at some steps can be far more efficient in finding solutions to many problems. Randomness may also be useful in quantum computers. However, to introduce a random evolution in a quantum computer, one needs much more than a coin, pair of dice, or roulette wheel: At any step, there is a continuous set of possible paths that a quantum computer could follow. In a typical quantum algorithm, the possible results of the final measurement are not uniformly distributed but are obtained according to a probability distribution that encodes the answer to the problem at hand. The state of a quantum computer with n qubits is described by a vector with N 2n components. Thus, the evolution of a quantum computer running a typical quantum algorithm is not random but deterministic. The authors demonstrate the simplicity of the method by implementing it in a toy quantum information processor using liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - QUANTUM computers
KW  - MEASUREMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 11834318; Paz, Juan Pablo 1; Email Address: jpaz@lanl.gov; Source Information: 12/19/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5653, p2076; Subject: ALGORITHMS; Subject: QUANTUM computers; Subject: MEASUREMENT; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1060
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodgson, A.T.
AU  - Faulkner, D.
AU  - Sullivan, D.P.
AU  - DiBartolomeo, D.L.
AU  - Russell, M.L.
AU  - Fisk, W.J.
T1  - Effect of outside air ventilation rate on volatile organic compound concentrations in a call center
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5517
SN  - 13522310
AB  - A study of the relationship between outside air ventilation rate and concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated indoors was conducted in a call center office building. The building, with two floors and a total floor area of 4600 m2, is located in the San Francisco Bay Area, CA. Ventilation rates were manipulated with the building''s four air handling units (AHUs). VOC and CO2 concentrations in the AHU returns were measured on 7 days during a 13-week period. VOC emission factors were determined for individual zones on days when they were operating at near steady-state conditions. The emission factor data were subjected to principal component (PC) analysis to identify groups of co-varying compounds. Potential sources of the PC vectors were ascribed based on information from the literature. The per occupant CO2 generation rates were 0.0068–0.0092 l s−1. The per occupant isoprene generation rates of 0.2–0.3 mg h−1 were consistent with the value predicted by mass balance from breath concentration and exhalation rate. The relationships between indoor minus outdoor VOC concentrations and ventilation rate were qualitatively examined for eight VOCs. Of these, acetaldehyde and hexanal, which likely were associated with material sources, and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, associated with personal care products, exhibited general trends of higher concentrations at lower ventilation rates. For other compounds, a clear inverse relationship between VOC concentrations and ventilation was not observed. The net concentration of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate isomers, examples of low-volatility compounds, changed very little with ventilation likely due to sorption and re-emission effects. These results illustrate that the efficacy of ventilation for controlling VOC concentrations can vary considerably depending upon the operation of the building, the pollutant sources and the physical and chemical processes affecting the pollutants. Thus, source control measures, in addition to adequate ventilation, are required to limit concentrations of VOCs in office buildings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Call centers
KW  - Principal components analysis
KW  - Formaldehyde
KW  - Indoor air quality
KW  - Office building
KW  - Principal component analysis
KW  - VOC emission rates
N1  - Accession Number: 11786917; Hodgson, A.T.; Email Address: athodgson@lbl.gov; Faulkner, D. 1; Sullivan, D.P. 1; DiBartolomeo, D.L. 1; Russell, M.L. 1; Fisk, W.J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5517; Thesaurus Term: Ventilation; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Subject Term: Call centers; Subject Term: Principal components analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Formaldehyde; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Office building; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal component analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOC emission rates; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Hodgson, Alfred T.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W
T1  - Gas-phase organics in environmental tobacco smoke: 2. Exposure-relevant emission factors and indirect exposures from habitual smoking
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5551
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Sorption of emitted gas-phase organic compounds onto material surfaces affects environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) composition and exposures indoors. We have introduced a new metric, the exposure relevant emission factor (EREF) that accounts for sorptive uptake and reemission to give the mass of individual ETS constituents available for exposure over a day in which smoking occurs. This paper describes month-long experiments to investigate sorption effects on EREFs and potential ETS exposures under habitual smoking conditions. Cigarettes were smoked in a 50-m3 furnished room over a 3-h period 6–7 days per week, with continuous ventilation at 0.3, 0.6, or 2.1 h−1. Organic gas concentrations were measured every few days over 4-h “smoking”, 10-h “post-smoking” and 10-h “background” periods. Concentration patterns of volatile ETS components including 1,3-butadiene, benzene and acrolein were similar to those calculated for a theoretical non-sorbing tracer, indicating limited sorption. Concentrations of ETS tracers, e.g. 3-ethenylpyridine (3-EP) and nicotine, and lower volatility toxic air contaminants including phenol, cresols, and naphthalene increased as experiments progressed, indicating mass accumulation on surfaces and higher desorption rates. Daily patterns stabilized after week 2, yielding a steady daily cycle of ETS concentrations associated with habitual smoking. EREFs for sorbing compounds were higher under steady cycle versus single-day smoking conditions by ∼50% for 3-EP, and by 2–3 times for nicotine, phenol, cresols, naphthalene, and methylnaphthalenes. Our results provide relevant information about potential indirect exposures from residual ETS (non-smoker enters room shortly after smoker finishes) and from reemission, and their importance relative to direct exposures (non-smoker present during smoking). Under the conditions examined, indirect exposures accounted for a larger fraction of total potential exposures for sorbing versus non-sorbing compounds, and at lower versus higher ventilation rates. Increasing ventilation can reduce indirect exposures to very low levels for non-sorbing ETS components, but indirect routes accounted for ∼50% of potential nicotine exposures during non-smoking periods at all ventilation rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Tobacco smoke
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Emission factors
KW  - Environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - ETS tracers
KW  - Exposure assessment
KW  - Hazardous air pollutants
KW  - Nicotine
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Toxic air contaminants
N1  - Accession Number: 11786920; Singer, Brett C. 1; Email Address: bcsinger@lbl.gov; Hodgson, Alfred T. 1; Nazaroff, William W 1,2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5551; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Tobacco smoke; Thesaurus Term: Indoor air pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: ETS tracers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous air pollutants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nicotine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxic air contaminants; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gadgil, A.J.
AU  - Lobscheid, C.
AU  - Abadie, M.O.
AU  - Finlayson, E.U.
T1  - Indoor pollutant mixing time in an isothermal closed room: an investigation using CFD
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5577
SN  - 13522310
AB  - We report on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions of mixing time of a pollutant in an unventilated, mechanically mixed, isothermal room. The study aims to determine: (1) the adequacy of the standard Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes two-equation <f>(k−&epsiv;)</f> turbulence model for predicting the mixing time under these conditions and (2) the extent to which the mixing time depends on the room airflow, rather than the source location within the room. The CFD simulations modeled the 12 mixing time experiments performed by Drescher et al. (Indoor Air 5 (1995) 204) using a point pulse release in an isothermal, sealed room mechanically mixed with variable power blowers. Predictions of mixing time were found in good agreement with experimental measurements, over an order of magnitude variation in blower power. Additional CFD simulations were performed to investigate the relation between pollutant mixing time and source location. Seventeen source locations and five blower configurations were investigated. Results clearly show large dependence of the mixing time on the room airflow, with some dependence on source location. We further explore dependence of mixing time on the velocity and turbulence intensity at the source location. Implications for positioning air-toxic sensors in rooms are briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Navier-Stokes equations
KW  - CFD modeling
KW  - Mixing time
KW  - Pollutant dispersion
KW  - Short-term exposure
N1  - Accession Number: 11786922; Gadgil, A.J.; Email Address: ajgadgil@lbl.gov; Lobscheid, C.; Abadie, M.O.; Finlayson, E.U. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94702, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5577; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Indoor air pollution; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Navier-Stokes equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: CFD modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixing time; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollutant dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short-term exposure; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sippola, Mark R.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W
T1  - Modeling particle loss in ventilation ducts
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5597
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Empirical equations were developed and applied to predict losses of 0.01–100 μm airborne particles making a single pass through 120 different ventilation duct runs typical of those found in mid-sized office buildings. For all duct runs, losses were negligible for submicron particles and nearly complete for particles larger than 50 μm. The 50th percentile cut-point diameters were 15 μm in supply runs and 25 μm in return runs. Losses in supply duct runs were higher than in return duct runs, mostly because internal insulation was present in portions of supply duct runs, but absent from return duct runs. Single-pass equations for particle loss in duct runs were combined with models for predicting ventilation system filtration efficiency and particle deposition to indoor surfaces to evaluate the fates of particles of indoor and outdoor origin in an archetypal mechanically ventilated building. Results suggest that duct losses are a minor influence for determining indoor concentrations for most particle sizes. Losses in ducts were of a comparable magnitude to indoor surface losses for most particle sizes. For outdoor air drawn into an unfiltered ventilation system, most particles smaller than 1 μm are exhausted from the building. Large particles deposit within the building, mostly in supply ducts or on indoor surfaces. When filters are present, most particles are either filtered or exhausted. The fates of particles generated indoors follow similar trends as outdoor particles drawn into the building. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Equations
KW  - Office buildings
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Deposition
KW  - Duct
KW  - Indoor air quality
KW  - Transport mechanisms
N1  - Accession Number: 11786924; Sippola, Mark R. 1; Nazaroff, William W 1,2; Email Address: nazaroff@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, 633 Davis Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5597; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ventilation; Subject Term: Equations; Subject Term: Office buildings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Duct; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport mechanisms; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lunden, Melissa M.
AU  - Revzan, Kenneth L.
AU  - Fischer, Marc L.
AU  - Thatcher, Tracy L.
AU  - Littlejohn, David
AU  - Hering, Susanne V.
AU  - Brown, Nancy J.
T1  - The transformation of outdoor ammonium nitrate aerosols in the indoor environment
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5633
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Recent studies associate particulate air pollution with adverse health effects; however, the exposure to indoor particles of outdoor origin is not well characterized, particularly for individual chemical species. We conducted a field study in an unoccupied, single-story residence in Clovis, California to provide data and analyses to address issues important for assessing exposure. We used real-time particle monitors both outdoors and indoors to quantify nitrate, sulfate, and carbon particulate matter of particle size 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM-2.5). The results show that measured indoor ammonium nitrate concentrations were significantly lower than would be expected based solely on penetration and deposition losses. The additional reduction can be attributed to the transformation indoors of ammonium nitrate into ammonia and nitric acid gases, which are subsequently lost by deposition and sorption to indoor surfaces. A mass balance model that accounts for the kinetics of ammonium nitrate evaporation was able to reproduce measured indoor ammonium nitrate and nitric acid concentrations, resulting in a fitted value of the deposition velocity for nitric acid of 0.56 cm s−1. The results indicate that indoor exposure to outdoor ammonium nitrate in Central Valley of California are small, and suggest that exposure assessments based on total particle mass measured outdoors may obscure the actual causal relationships for indoor exposure to particles of outdoor origin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ammonium
KW  - Bulk solids
KW  - Chemical speciation
KW  - Aerosols
KW  - Ammonia
KW  - Chemical transformation
KW  - Indoor particulate nitrate
KW  - Nitric acid
KW  - Penetration
N1  - Accession Number: 11786928; Lunden, Melissa M. 1; Email Address: mmlunden@lbl.gov; Revzan, Kenneth L. 1; Fischer, Marc L. 1; Thatcher, Tracy L. 1; Littlejohn, David 1; Hering, Susanne V. 2; Brown, Nancy J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Aerosol Dynamics Inc., 2329 4th Street, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5633; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ammonium; Subject Term: Bulk solids; Subject Term: Chemical speciation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ammonia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor particulate nitrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitric acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Penetration; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leggett, R.W.
AU  - Williams, L.R.
AU  - Melo, D.R.
AU  - Lipsztein, J.L.
T1  - A physiologically based biokinetic model for cesium in the human body
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 317
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
SN  - 00489697
AB  - A physiologically descriptive model of the biological behavior of cesium in the human body has been constructed around a detailed blood flow model. The rate of transfer from plasma into a tissue is determined by the blood perfusion rate and the tissue-specific extraction fraction of Cs during passage from arterial to venous plasma. Information on tissue-specific extraction of Cs is supplemented with information on the Cs analogues, K and Rb, and known patterns of discrimination between these metals by tissues. The rate of return from a tissue to plasma is estimated from the relative contents of Cs in plasma and the tissue at equilibrium as estimated from environmental studies. Transfers of Cs other than exchange between plasma and tissues (e.g. secretions into the gastrointestinal tract) are based on a combination of physiological considerations and empirical data on Cs or related elements. Model predictions are consistent with the sizable database on the time-dependent distribution and retention of radiocesium in the human body. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Blood flow
KW  - Blood plasma
KW  - Perfusion (Physiology)
KW  - Biokinetics
KW  - Humans
KW  - Model
KW  - Potassium
KW  - Rubidium
N1  - Accession Number: 11401650; Leggett, R.W. 1; Email Address: rwl@ornl.gov; Williams, L.R. 2; Melo, D.R. 3; Lipsztein, J.L. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2 : Indiana University at South Bend, 1700 Mishawaka Avenue, South Bend, IN 46634, USA; 3 : Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Instituto de Radioprotecão e Dosimetria, Av Salvador Allende, s/no Recreio, CEP 2270-160, CX Postal 37750, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;  Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1-3, p235; Thesaurus Term: Cesium; Subject Term: Blood flow; Subject Term: Blood plasma; Subject Term: Perfusion (Physiology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Biokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potassium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubidium; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00333-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Steelman, Karen L.1
AU  - Childress, Jane P.2
AU  - Kolber, Jane
AU  - Rowe, Marvin W.1
AU  - Guilderson, Tom3
T1  - San Pedro Eye of the Cave: Painting of the Past Dated for the Present.
JO  - American Indian Rock Art
JF  - American Indian Rock Art
J1  - American Indian Rock Art
PY  - 2004/01//
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 128
AB  - Numerous prehistoric remains and petroglyph sites are found along the San Pedro River valley, the only continuous flowing waterway in southeastern Arizona. Only one pictograph site is known. The shelter contains faint representational and abstract images. We sampled three charcoal pictographs for plasma-chemical extraction of carbon and AMS radiocarbon dating. But, because the paint layer was thin, there was sufficient carbon for dating in only one sample--2370 ± 150 years B.P. for an anthropomorph depicted on a rock on the shelter floor. This study demonstrates that there is a subtle balance between collecting enough material for viable results and minimizing damage to paintings during sampling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
KW  - Petroglyphs
KW  - Picture-writing
KW  - Radiocarbon dating
KW  - Archaeological dating
KW  - San Pedro River (Mexico & Ariz.)
KW  - Arizona
N1  - Accession Number: 16015082; Authors: Steelman, Karen L. 1; Childress, Jane P. 2; Kolber, Jane; Rowe, Marvin W. 1; Guilderson, Tom 3; Affiliations:  1: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University;  2: Bureau of Land Management, San Pedro Project Office, Sierra Vista, Arizona;  3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Subject: Petroglyphs; Subject: Picture-writing; Subject: Radiocarbon dating; Subject: Archaeological dating; Subject: San Pedro River (Mexico & Ariz.); Subject: Arizona; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazumder, P.
AU  - Trivedi, R.
T1  - Integrated simulation of thermo-solutal convection and pattern formation in directional solidification
JO  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
JF  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
J1  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
PY  - 2004/01//
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 0307904X
AB  - Numerical analysis is carried out to examine the effects of thermo-solutal convection on the formation of complex patterns in directionally solidified binary alloys. A finite-difference analysis is used for dynamic modeling of a two-dimensional prototype of the vertical Bridgman system that takes into account heat transfer in the melt, crystal, and the ampoule, as well as the melt flow and solute transport. Actual temperature data from experimental measurements are used for accurately describing the thermal boundary conditions. A range of complex dynamical behavior is predicted in the melt flow due to flow transitions and this is found to be directly related to the spatial patterns observed experimentally in the solidified alloys. The model is applied to single phase solidification in the Al–Cu and Pb–Sn systems to characterize the effect of convection on the macroscopic shape of the interface. The application of the model to hyper-peritectic alloys in the Sn–Cd system shows that the presence of oscillating flow can give rise to a novel convection induced microstructure in which a tree-like primary phase in the center of the sample is embedded in the surrounding peritectic matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematical Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - BINARY metallic systems
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11252873; Source Information: Jan2004, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: BINARY metallic systems; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 17p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1016/S0307-904X(03)00117-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lurong Zhang
AU  - Layeeque, Rakhshanda
AU  - Markey, Mia
AU  - Nakhlis, Faina
AU  - Dolmans, Dennis
AU  - Kass, Rena
AU  - Lopez, Ellen D.S.
AU  - Blakely, Wendy
AU  - Chagpar, Anees
AU  - Barton, Debra
AU  - Thomas, Melissa
AU  - Datta, Anirban
AU  - Feldman, Ron J.
AU  - Flanagan, Louise
AU  - Kenny, Paraic
AU  - Khare, Pranay D.
AU  - Kohn, Ethan
AU  - Chen-Yong Lin
AU  - Maglione, Jeanne
T1  - POSTER PRESENTATION Poster Presentation from the Sixth Annual Mission Conference of the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, Washington, DC.
JO  - Breast Journal
JF  - Breast Journal
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Other
SP  - 67
EP  - 82
SN  - 1075122X
AB  - Presents poster presentations from the 6th Annual Mission Conference of the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation in Washington, D.C.  "Antitumor effect on triptolide," by Lurong Zhang; "Improving sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients," by Rakhshanda Layeeque; "Self-organizing map for cluster analysis of a breast cancer database," by Mia Markey; "Impact of the breast cancer prevention trial on tamoxifen utilization in patients with T1A/BN0 breast cancer," by Faina Nakhlis.
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - LYMPH nodes
KW  - TAMOXIFEN
KW  - ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
KW  - WASHINGTON (D.C.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11861907; Lurong Zhang 1; Email Address: zhangl@georgetown.edu; Layeeque, Rakhshanda 2; Email Address: layeequerakhshanda@uams.edu; Markey, Mia 3; Email Address: mia.markey@mail.utexas.edu; Nakhlis, Faina 4; Email Address: fnakhlis@yahoo.com; Dolmans, Dennis 5; Email Address: dejgjdolmans@hotmail.com; Kass, Rena 2; Email Address: renakass@hotmail.com; Lopez, Ellen D.S. 6; Email Address: edslopez@umich.edu; Blakely, Wendy 7; Email Address: wblakely@son.jhmi.edu; Chagpar, Anees 8; Email Address: achagpar@mdanderson.org; Barton, Debra 9; Email Address: Barton.Debra@mayo.edu; Thomas, Melissa 10; Email Address: thomam3@ohiohealth.com; Datta, Anirban 11; Email Address: adatta@itsa.ucsf.edu; Feldman, Ron J. 12; Email Address: feldmarj2@musc.edu; Flanagan, Louise 13; Email Address: flanagan.25@nd.edu; Kenny, Paraic 14; Email Address: pakenny@lbl.gov; Khare, Pranay D. 9; Email Address: khare.pranay@mayo.edu; Kohn, Ethan 15; Email Address: EAK@dartmouth.edu; Chen-Yong Lin 1; Email Address: lincy@georgetown.edu; Maglione, Jeanne 10; Email Address: jmaglion@ucsd.edu; Source Information: Jan2004, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p67; Subject: BREAST cancer; Subject: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject: LYMPH nodes; Subject: TAMOXIFEN; Subject: ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; Geographic Terms: WASHINGTON (D.C.); UNITED States; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Other
L3  - 10.1111/j.1524-4741.2004.09629.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Bergeron, Kenneth D.
T1  - The death of no-dual-use.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Report
SP  - 15
EP  - 17
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reports on the end of the no-dual-use policy, which prohibits commercial nuclear power reactors from producing bomb materials, as part of the U.S. nuclear non-proliferation rule.  Reason behind the conversion of lithium to tritium at the Watts Bar nuclear reactor of the Tennessee Valley Authority; Petition of We the People, a Tennessee-based group, to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission regarding the granting of grant license amendments for commercial nuclear reactors; Actions taken by the U.S. Energy Department for the maintenance of tritium supplies.
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation -- Law & legislation
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11787557; Bergeron, Kenneth D. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Physicist, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico;  Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p15; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Report; Full Text Word Count: 1934
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 24h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Gunter, Lee E.
AU  - Yang, Zamin K.
AU  - TongMing Yin
AU  - Sewell, Mitchell M.
AU  - DiFazio, Stephen P.
T1  - Characterization of microsatellites revealed by genomic sequencing of Populus trichocarpa.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
JF  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 93
SN  - 00455067
AB  - Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are highly polymorphic, codominant markers that have great value for the construction of genetic maps, comparative mapping, population genetic surveys, and paternity analyses. Here, we report the development and testing of a set of SSR markers derived from shotgun sequencing from Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray, a nonenriched genomic DNA library, and bacterial artificial chromosomes. Approximately 23% of the 1536 genomic clones and 48% of the 768 bacterial artificial chromosome subclones contained an SSR. Of the sequences containing an SSR, 72.4% contained a dinucleotide, 19.5% a trinucleotide, and 8.1% a tetranucleotide repeat unit; 26.6% of the sequences contained multiple SSR motifs in a complex or compound repeat structures. A survey of the genome sequence database revealed very similar proportional distribution, indicating that our limited rapid, shallow sequencing effort is representative of genome-wide patterns. In total, 492 primer pairs were designed and these yielded 77 markers that were mapped in an F2 pedigree, including 26 that were sufficiently informative to be included in a Populus framework map. SSRs with GC-rich motifs mapped at a significantly higher frequency than expected, although AT-rich SSRs accounted for the majority of mapped markers due to their higher representation in the genome. SSR markers developed from P. trichocarpa showed high utility throughout the genus, with amplification rates in excess of 70% for all Populus species tested. Finally, at least 30% of the markers amplified in several willow species, suggesting that some of these SSRs will be transferable across genera. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Les microsatellites ou séquences répétées en tandem (SSRs) constituent des marqueurs codominants hautement polymorphes qui sont très utiles pour la construction de cartes génétiques, la cartographie comparée, les études de génétique des populations et les analyses de paternité. Les auteurs ont développé et testé un ensemble de marqueurs SSRs découlant du séquençage aléatoire d'une banque d'ADN génomique non enrichie et de chromosomes artificiels bactériens de Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray. Environ 23 % des 1536 clones génomiques et 48 % des 768 sous-clones de BAC contenaient un SSR. De ces séquences contenant un SSR, 72,4 % présentaient une répétition dinucléotidique, 19,5 % une répétition trinucléotidique et 8,1 % une répétition tétranucléotidique; 26,6 % des séquences présentaient des patrons SSRs multiples au sein de structures répétées complexes ou composées. Une étude de la base de données de la séquence du génome a révélé des proportions similaires des différents motifs, indiquant qu'un effort limité, rapide et superficiel de séquençage produit des SSRs représentatifs des patrons du génome dans son ensemble. Un total de 492 paires d'amorces ont été élaborées, résultant en 77 marqueurs qui ont été cartographiés à partir d'un pedigree F2, incluant 26 marqueurs assez informatifs pour être inclus dans une carte de base de Populus. Les marqueurs SSRs à motifs riches en GC étaient cartographiés à une fréquence significativement plus élevée que la fréquence espérée, quoique les SSRs à motifs riches en AT comptaient pour la majorité des marqueurs cartographiés en raison de leur plus forte représentation dans le génome. Les marqueurs SSRs développés à partir de P. trichocarpa ont démontré une bonne transférabilité à travers le genre, avec des taux d'amplification excédant 70 % pour toutes les espèces de Populus testées. Enfin, au moins 30 % des marqueurs ont été amplifiés chez plusieurs espèces de saule, indiquant que certains de ces marqueurs SSRs seront transférables d'une genre à l'autre.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Microsatellites (Genetics)
KW  - Black cottonwood
KW  - Genomics
KW  - Genetic polymorphisms
KW  - Gene mapping
KW  - Chromosomes
N1  - Accession Number: 12287622; Tuskan, Gerald A. 1; Email Address: tuskanga@ornl.gov; Gunter, Lee E. 1; Yang, Zamin K. 1; TongMing Yin 1; Sewell, Mitchell M. 1; DiFazio, Stephen P. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: Microsatellites (Genetics); Subject Term: Black cottonwood; Subject Term: Genomics; Subject Term: Genetic polymorphisms; Subject Term: Gene mapping; Subject Term: Chromosomes; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/X03-283
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tim Barnett
AU  - Robert Malone
AU  - William Pennell
AU  - Detlet Stammer
AU  - Bert Semtner
AU  - Warren Washington
T1  - The Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources in the West: Introduction and Overview.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
SN  - 01650009
AB  - The results of an experimental `end to end' assessment of the effects of climate change on water resources in the western United States are described. The assessment focuses on the potential effects of climate change over the first half of the 21st century on the Columbia, Sacramento/San Joaquin, and Colorado river basins. The paper describes the methodology used for the assessment, and it summarizes the principal findings of the study. The strengths and weaknesses of this study are discussed, and suggestions are made for improving future climate change assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Rivers -- United States
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 20395794; Tim Barnett 1; Robert Malone 2; William Pennell 3; Detlet Stammer 1; Bert Semtner 4; Warren Washington 5; Affiliations: 1 : Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A.; 2 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, U.S.A.; 3 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, U.S.A.; 4 : Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, U.S.A.; 5 : National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1-3, p1; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Subject Term: Rivers -- United States; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - David W. Pierce
AU  - Tim P. Barnett
AU  - Robin Tokmakian
AU  - Albert Semtner
AU  - Mathew Maltrud
AU  - JoAnne Lysne
T1  - The ACPI Project, Element 1: Initializing a Coupled Climate Model from Observed Conditions.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 28
SN  - 01650009
AB  - A problem for climate change studies with coupled ocean-atmosphere models has been how to incorporate observed initial conditions into the ocean, which holds most of the `memory' of anthropogenic forcing effects. The first difficulty is the lack of comprehensive three-dimensional observations of the current ocean temperature (T) and salinity (S) fields to initialize to. The second problem is that directly imposing observed T and S fields into the model results in rapid drift back to the model climatology, with the corresponding loss of the observed information. Anthropogenic forcing scenarios therefore typically initialize future runs by starting with pre-industrial conditions. However, if the future climate depends on the details of the present climate, then initializing the model to observations may provide more accurate forecasts. Also, this ~ 130 yr spin up imposes substantial overhead if only a few decades of predictions are desired. A new technique to address these problems is presented. In lieu of observed T and S, assimilated ocean data were used. To reduce model drift, an anomaly coupling scheme was devised. This consists of letting the model's climatological (pre-industrial) oceanic and atmospheric heat contents and transports balance each other, while adding on the (much smaller) changes in heat content since the pre-industrial era as anomalies. The result is model drift of no more than 0.2 K over 50 years, significantly smaller than the forced response of 1.0 K. An ensemble of runs with these assimilated initial conditions is then compared to a set spun up from pre-industrial conditions. No systematic differences were found, i.e., the model simulation of the ocean temperature structure in the late 1990s is statistically indistinguishable from the assimilated observations. However, a model with a worse representation of the late 20th century climate might show significant differences if initialized in this way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Ocean temperature
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Enthalpy
N1  - Accession Number: 20395784; David W. Pierce 1,2,3,4; Tim P. Barnett 2,3,4,5; Robin Tokmakian 2,3,4,5; Albert Semtner 2,3,4,5; Mathew Maltrud 2,3,4,5; JoAnne Lysne 2,3,4,5; Affiliations: 1 : Climate Research Division 0224, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 920930224, U.S.A. E-mail: dpierce@ucsd.edu; 2 : Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, U.S.A.; 3 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 4 : National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.; 5 : Climate Research Division 0224, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 920930224, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1-3, p13; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Ocean temperature; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Subject Term: Enthalpy; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - L. Ruby Leung
AU  - Yun Qian
AU  - Xindi Bian
AU  - Warren M. Washington
AU  - Jongil Han
AU  - John O. Roads
T1  - Mid-Century Ensemble Regional Climate Change Scenarios for the Western United States.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 113
SN  - 01650009
AB  - To study the impacts of climate change on water resources in the western U.S., global climate simulations were produced using the National Center for Atmospheric Research/Department of Energy (NCAR/DOE) Parallel Climate Model (PCM). The Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) was used to downscale the PCM control (20 years) and three future (2040–2060) climate simulations to yield ensemble regional climate simulations at 40 km spatial resolution for the western U.S. This paper describes the regional simulations and focuses on the hydroclimate conditions in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) and Sacramento-San Joaquin River (SSJ) Basin. Results based on global and regional simulations show that by mid-century, the average regional warming of 1 to 2.5 °C strongly affects snowpack in the western U.S. Along coastal mountains, reduction in annual snowpack was about 70% as indicated by the regional simulations. Besides changes in mean temperature, precipitation, and snowpack, cold season extreme daily precipitation increased by 5 to 15 mm/day (15–20%) along the Cascades and the Sierra. The warming resulted in increased rainfall at the expense of reduced snowfall, and reduced snow accumulation (or earlier snowmelt) during the cold season. In the CRB, these changes were accompanied by more frequent rain-on-snow events. Overall, they induced higher likelihood of wintertime flooding and reduced runoff and soil moisture in the summer. Changes in surface water and energy budgets in the CRB and SSJ basin were affected mainly by changes in surface temperature, which were statistically significant at the 0.95 confidence level. Changes in precipitation, while spatially incoherent, were not statistically significant except for the drying trend during summer. Because snow and runoff are highly sensitive to spatial distributions of temperature and precipitation, this study shows that (1) downscaling provides more realistic estimates of hydrologic impacts in mountainous regions such as the western U.S., and (2) despite relatively small changes in temperature and precipitation, changes in snowpack and runoff can be much larger on monthly to seasonal time scales because the effects of temperature and precipitation are integrated over time and space through various surface hydrological and land-atmosphere feedback processes. Although the results reported in this study were derived from an ensemble of regional climate simulations driven by a global climate model that displays low climate sensitivity compared with most other models, climate change was found to significantly affect water resources in the western U.S. by the mid twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Atmosphere -- Research
KW  - Hydrologic cycle
KW  - West (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 20395792; L. Ruby Leung 1; Yun Qian 2; Xindi Bian 2; Warren M. Washington 3; Jongil Han 4; John O. Roads 4; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A. E-mail: ruby.leung@pnl.gov; 2 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A.; 3 : National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, U.S.A.; 4 : Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1-3, p75; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere -- Research; Thesaurus Term: Hydrologic cycle; Subject Term: West (U.S.); Number of Pages: 39p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - A. W. Wood
AU  - L. R. Leung
AU  - V. Sridhar
AU  - D. P. Lettenmaier
T1  - Hydrologic Implications of Dynamical and Statistical Approaches to Downscaling Climate Model Outputs.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
EP  - 216
SN  - 01650009
AB  - Six approaches for downscaling climate model outputs for use in hydrologic simulation were evaluated, with particular emphasis on each method''s ability to produce precipitation and other variables used to drive a macroscale hydrology model applied at much higher spatial resolution than the climate model. Comparisons were made on the basis of a twenty-year retrospective (1975–1995) climate simulation produced by the NCAR-DOE Parallel Climate Model (PCM), and the implications of the comparison for a future (2040–2060) PCM climate scenario were also explored. The six approaches were made up of three relatively simple statistical downscaling methods – linear interpolation (LI), spatial disaggregation (SD), and bias-correction and spatial disaggregation (BCSD) – each applied to both PCM output directly (at T42 spatial resolution), and after dynamical downscaling via a Regional Climate Model (RCM – at ½-degree spatial resolution), for downscaling the climate model outputs to the ⅛-degree spatial resolution of the hydrological model. For the retrospective climate simulation, results were compared to an observed gridded climatology of temperature and precipitation, and gridded hydrologic variables resulting from forcing the hydrologic model with observations. The most significant findings are that the BCSD method was successful in reproducing the main features of the observed hydrometeorology from the retrospective climate simulation, when applied to both PCM and RCM outputs. Linear interpolation produced better results using RCM output than PCM output, but both methods (PCM-LI and RCM-LI) lead to unacceptably biased hydrologic simulations. Spatial disaggregation of the PCM output produced results similar to those achieved with the RCM interpolated output; nonetheless, neither PCM nor RCM output was useful for hydrologic simulation purposes without a bias-correction step. For the future climate scenario, only the BCSD-method (using PCM or RCM) was able to produce hydrologically plausible results. With the BCSD method, the RCM-derived hydrology was more sensitive to climate change than the PCM-derived hydrology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrometeorology
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
N1  - Accession Number: 20395790; A. W. Wood 1; L. R. Leung 2; V. Sridhar 1; D. P. Lettenmaier 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 161 Wilcox Hall, P.O. Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, U.S.A.; 2 : U.S. Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, U.S.A.; 3 : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 161 Wilcox Hall, P.O. Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, U.S.A. E-mail: dennisl@u.washington.edu;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1-3, p189; Thesaurus Term: Hydrometeorology; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Puder, Markus G.
AU  - Veil, John A.
T1  - Overfiling in the Cooperative Federalism Balance: A Search Forever Incomplete and Incompletable.
JO  - Columbia Journal of Environmental Law
JF  - Columbia Journal of Environmental Law
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 144
SN  - 00984582
AB  - Examines the authority of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to overfile in consecutive environmental enforcement scenarios.  Working definition of overfiling; Permissibility of overfiling; Overview of perspectives on overfiling; Idea behind cooperative federalism, a paradigm crafted by Congress for environmental law and policy.
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Environmental protection -- United States
KW  - Public administration
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12454503; Puder, Markus G. 1,2,3,4; Veil, John A. 5; Affiliations: 1 : Researcher and attorney, Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Washington D.C.; 2 : Adjunct professor of law, Georgetown University Law Center; 3 : Member, New York State Bar; 4 : Member, U.S. Supreme Court Bar; 5 : Manager of the Water Policy Program, Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: 2004, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p119; Thesaurus Term: Environmental law; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Subject Term: Environmental protection -- United States; Subject Term: Public administration; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Isenburg, Martin
AU  - Lindstrom, Peter
AU  - Snoeyink, Jack
T1  - Lossless Compression of Floating-Point Geometry.
JO  - Computer-Aided Design & Applications
JF  - Computer-Aided Design & Applications
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 1
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
EP  - 501
SN  - 16864360
AB  - The geometric data sets found in scientific and industrial applications are often very detailed. Storing them using standard uncompressed formats results in large files that are expensive to store and slow to load and transmit. Many efficient mesh compression techniques have been proposed, but scientists and engineers often refrain from using them because they modify the mesh data. While connectivity is encoded in a lossless manner, the floating-point coordinates associated with the vertices are quantized onto a uniform integer grid for efficient predictive compression. Although a fine enough grid can usually represent the data with sufficient precision, the original floating-point values will change, regardless of grid resolution. In this paper we describe how to compress floating-point coordinates using predictive coding in a completely lossless manner. The initial quantization step is omitted and predictions are calculated in floating-point. The predicted and the actual floating-point values are then broken up into sign, exponent, and mantissa and their corrections are compressed separately with context-based arithmetic coding. As the quality of the predictions varies with the exponent, we use the exponent to switch between different arithmetic contexts. Although we report compression results using the popular parallelogram predictor, our approach works with any prediction scheme. The achieved bit-rates for lossless floating-point compression nicely complement those resulting from uniformly quantizing with different precisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Computer-Aided Design & Applications is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLOATING-point arithmetic
KW  - DATA compression (Computer science)
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - GEOMETRIC quantization
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL geometry
KW  - CODING theory
KW  - COMPUTER arithmetic
KW  - floating-point
KW  - geometry coding
KW  - lossless
KW  - mesh compression
N1  - Accession Number: 19496808; Isenburg, Martin 1; Email Address: isenburg@cs.unc.edu; Lindstrom, Peter 2; Email Address: pl@llnl.gov; Snoeyink, Jack 1; Email Address: snoeyink@cs.unc.edu; Affiliations: 1: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 1 Issue 1-4, p495; Subject Term: FLOATING-point arithmetic; Subject Term: DATA compression (Computer science); Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: GEOMETRIC quantization; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL geometry; Subject Term: CODING theory; Subject Term: COMPUTER arithmetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: floating-point; Author-Supplied Keyword: geometry coding; Author-Supplied Keyword: lossless; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh compression; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
T1  - SUCCESSION (Book).
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 294
EP  - 294
SN  - 00129658
AB  - Reviews the book "Primary Succession and Ecosystem Rehabilitation," by Lawrence R. Walker and Roger Del Moral.
KW  - Ecological succession
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Walker, Lawrence R.
KW  - Del Moral, Roger
KW  - Primary Succession & Ecosystem Rehabilitation (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12412332; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Email Address: dalevh@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036.;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1, p294; Thesaurus Term: Ecological succession; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Donald
AU  - Laitner, John A.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory
AD  - US EPA Office of Atmospheric Programs
T1  - An Integrated Analysis of Policies that Increase Investments in Advanced Energy-Efficient/Low-Carbon Technologies
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2004///Special Issue
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
SP  - 739
EP  - 755
SN  - 01409883
N1  - Accession Number: 0754431; Keywords: Energy;  Technology;  Technologies; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200412
N2  - A new analysis by the EPA Office of Atmospheric Programs and the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), using the All Modular Industry Growth Assessment (AMIGA) system, indicates that a technology-led investment strategy, can secure substantial domestic reductions of carbon emissions at a net positive impact on the U.S. economy. However, a moderate energy policy, even supported by a carbon charge ranging from US$48 to US$93 per metric ton, is insufficient to reach the so-called Kyoto targets.
KW  - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes          O33
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Energy and the Macroeconomy          Q43
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
KW  - Climate; Natural Disasters; Global Warming          Q54
KW  - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation          Q55
KW  - Environmental Economics: Government Policy          Q58
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
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UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01409883
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hadsell, Lester
AU  - Marathe, Achla
AU  - Shawky, Hany A.
AD  - SUNY, Albany
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
AD  - SUNY, Albany
T1  - Estimating the Volatility of Wholesale Electricity Spot Prices in the US
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
SP  - 23
EP  - 40
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0754433; Keywords: Electricity; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200412
N2  - This paper examines the volatility of wholesale electricity prices for five US markets. Using data covering the period from May 1996 to September 2001, for the California-Oregon Border, Palo Verde, Cinergy, Entergy, and Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland markets, we examine the volatility of electricity wholesale prices over time and across markets. We estimate volatility using a TARCH model to study the differences among markets and the seasonal characteristics of each market. For all markets, we find strong evidence for a downward trend in the ARCH term and a significant negative asymmetric effect over the sample period. We also document important differences among the regional electricity markets not only with respect to wholesale price volatility and seasonal variations, but also with respect to asymmetric properties and persistence of volatility.
KW  - Electric Utilities          L94
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, Gale A.
AU  - Roop, Joseph M.
AD  - Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
AD  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Kennewick, WA
T1  - A Note on the Fisher Ideal Index Decomposition for Structural Change in Energy Intensity
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 2004///
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
SP  - 87
EP  - 101
SN  - 01956574
N1  - Accession Number: 0676964; Keywords: Energy;  Index Number; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200403
N2  - Index numbers have been used to decompose aggregate trends in energy intensity, i.e., the ratio of energy use to activity. By making a direct appeal to the theory underlying price index numbers used by the energy decomposition literature, this note proposes the chain weighted Fisher Ideal Index as a formula that solves the "residual problem." The connection to index number theory also allows us to illustrate that the measures of activity used to define energy intensity need not be additive across the sectors that are involved in the decomposition. We give an empirical example using recent U.S. manufacturing data of the Fisher Ideal Index, compared to the Tornqvist Divisia index, a popular index in the energy literature.
KW  - Index Numbers and Aggregation; Leading indicators          C43
KW  - Industry Studies: Manufacturing: General          L60
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
L3  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
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UR  - http://www.iaee.org/en/publications/journal.aspx
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho, Clifford K.
AU  - Arnold, Bill W.
AU  - Cochran, John R.
AU  - Taira, Randal Y.
AU  - Pelton, Mitchell A.
T1  - A probabilistic model and software tool for evaluating the long-term performance of landfill covers
JO  - Environmental Modelling & Software
JF  - Environmental Modelling & Software
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 13648152
AB  - A probabilistic model and software tool has been developed to assist in the selection, design, and monitoring of long-term covers for contaminated subsurface sites. The software platform contains multiple modules that can be used to simulate relevant features, events, and processes that include water flux through the cover, source-term release, vadose-zone transport, saturated-zone transport, gas transport, and exposure pathways. The component models are integrated into a probabilistic total-system performance-assessment model within a drag-and-drop software platform. Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses can be conducted that yield the following primary benefits: (1) quantification of uncertainty in the simulated performance metrics; (2) identification of parameters most important to performance; and (3) comparison of alternative designs to optimize cost and performance. A case study has been performed using the Monticello Mill Tailings Site in Utah to illustrate the important features and benefits of the modeling approach and software. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Modelling & Software is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Cap
KW  - Cover
KW  - Performance
KW  - Probabilistic
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 11609408; Ho, Clifford K. 1; Email Address: ckho@sandia.gov; Arnold, Bill W. 1; Cochran, John R. 1; Taira, Randal Y. 2; Pelton, Mitchell A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; 2 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p63; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Computer software; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cover; Author-Supplied Keyword: Performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1364-8152(03)00111-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miehr, Rosemarie
AU  - Tratnyek, Paul G.
AU  - Bandstra, Joel Z.
AU  - Scherer, Michelle M.
AU  - Alowitz, Michael J.
AU  - Bylaska, Eric J.
T1  - Diversity of Contaminant Reduction Reactions by Zerovalent Iron: Role of the Reductate.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 147
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The reactions of eight model contaminants with nine types of granular Fe(O) were studied in batch experiments using consistent experimental conditions. The model contaminants (herein referred to as "reductates" because they were reduced by the iron metal) included cations (Cu[SUP2+]), anions (CrO[SUB4][SUP2-], NO[SUB3][SUP-], and 5,5',7,7'-indigotetrasulfonate), and neutral species (2-chloroacetophenone, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, carbon tetrachloride, and trichioroethene). The diversity of this range of reductates offers a uniquely broad perspective on the reactivity of Fe(O). Rate constants for disappearance of the reductates vary over as much as four orders of magnitude for particular reductates (due to differences in the nine types of iron) but differences among the reductates were even larger, ranging over almost seven orders of magnitude. Various ways of summarizing the data all suggest that relative reactivities with Fe(O) vary in the order Cu[SUP2+] 5,5',7,7'-indigotetrasulfonate > 2-chloroacetophenone, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene > carbon tetrachloride, CrO[SUB4][SUP2-] > trichloroethene > NO[SUB3][SUP-]. Although the reductate has the largest effect on disappearance kinetics, more subtle differences in reactivity due to the type of Fe(O) suggests that removal of CrO[SUB2][SUP2-] and NO[SUB3][SUP-] (the inorganic anions) involves adsorption to oxides on the Fe(O), whereas the disappearance kinetics of all other types of reductants is favored by reduction on comparatively oxide-free metal. Correlation analysis of the disappearance rate constants using descriptors of the reductates calculated by molecular modeling (energies of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, LUMO, highest occupied molecular orbitals, HOMO, and HOMO-LUMO gaps) showed that reactivities generally decrease with increasing E[SUBLUMO] and increasing E[SUBGAP] (and, therefore, increasing chemical hardness η). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - IRON
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - VALENCE (Chemistry)
KW  - LINEAR free energy relationship
KW  - CARBON tetrachloride
N1  - Accession Number: 12101662; Miehr, Rosemarie 1; Tratnyek, Paul G. 1; Email Address: tranyek@ese.ogi.edu; Bandstra, Joel Z. 1; Scherer, Michelle M. 2; Alowitz, Michael J. 2; Bylaska, Eric J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, Oregon 97006.; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.; 3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p139; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: VALENCE (Chemistry); Subject Term: LINEAR free energy relationship; Subject Term: CARBON tetrachloride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuster, W. C.
AU  - Jobson, B. T.
AU  - Karl, T.
AU  - Riemer, D.
AU  - Apel, E.
AU  - Goldan, P. D.
AU  - Fehsenfeld, F. C.
T1  - Intercomparison of Volatile Organic Carbon Measurement Techniques and Data at La Porte during the TexAQS2000 Air Quality Study.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 228
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The Texas Air Quality Study 2000 (TexAQS2000) investigated the photochemical production of ozone and the chemistry of related precursors and reaction products in the vicinity of Houston, TX. The colocation of four instruments for the measurement of volatile organic carbon compounds (VOCs) allowed a unique opportunity for the intercomparison of the different in-situ measuring techniques. The instruments included three gas chromatographs, each with a different type of detector, and a Proton-Transfer- Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS) with each system designed to measure a different suite of VOCs. Correlation plots and correlation statistics are presented for species measured by more than one of these instruments. The GC instruments were all in agreement to within 10-20% (slope) with coefficients of variation (r[SUP2]) of ≥0.85. The PTR- MS agreement with other instruments was more dependent on species with some very good agreements (r[SUP2] values of ∼0.95 for some aromatics), but isoprene, acetaldehyde and propene were substantially less highly correlated (0.55<r[SUP2]<0.80). At least part of these differences were undoubtedly due to the timing of sample acquisition in an environment in which VOC levels changed very rapidly on both quantitative and temporal scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - PHOTOCHEMICAL smog
KW  - OZONE
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - HOUSTON (Tex.)
KW  - LA Porte (Tex.)
KW  - TEXAS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12101672; Kuster, W. C. 1; Email Address: bkuster@al.noaa.gov; Jobson, B. T. 2,3; Karl, T. 4; Riemer, D. 5; Apel, E. 4; Goldan, P. D. 1; Fehsenfeld, F. C. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, RIAL7, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305.; 2: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309.; 3: Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, rn/s K-930, Richland, WA 99352.; 4: Atmospheric Chemistry Division, The National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80303.; 5: Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149.; Issue Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p221; Thesaurus Term: AIR quality; Thesaurus Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMICAL smog; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject: HOUSTON (Tex.); Subject: LA Porte (Tex.); Subject: TEXAS; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lukens, Wayne W.
AU  - Shuh, David K.
AU  - Schroeder, Norman C.
AU  - Ashley, Kenneth R.
T1  - Identification of the Non-Pertechnetate Species in Hanford Waste Tanks, Tc(I) -- Carbonyl Complexes.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 233
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Immobilization of the high-level nuclear waste stored at the Hanford Reservation has been complicated by the presence of soluble, lower-valent technetium species. Previous work by Schroeder and Blanchard has shown that these species cannot be removed by ion-exchange and are difficult to oxidize. The Tc K-edge XANES spectra of the species in Tanks SY-101 and SY-103 were reported by Blanchard, but they could not be assigned to any known technetium complex. We report that the XANJES spectra are most likely those of Tc(I)-carbonyl species, especially fac-Tc(CO)[SUB3](gluconate)[SUP2-]. This is further supported by EXAFS and [SUP99]Tc-NMR studies in nonradioactive simulants of these tank wastes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - TECHNETIUM compounds
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - CARBONYL compounds
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - TECHNETIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 12101673; Lukens, Wayne W. 1; Email Address: wwlukens@lbl.gov; Shuh, David K. 1; Schroeder, Norman C. 2; Ashley, Kenneth R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Chemical Science Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alarnos, New Mexico 87545.; 3: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University -- Commerce, Commerce, Texas 75429.; Issue Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p229; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: TECHNETIUM compounds; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: CARBONYL compounds; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: TECHNETIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kszos, Lynn Adams
AU  - Morris, Gail W.
AU  - Konetsky, Belinda K.
T1  - SOURCE OF TOXICITY IN STORM WATER: ZINC FROM COMMONLY USED PAINT.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 16
SN  - 07307268
AB  - A Department of Energy site in Paducah, Kentucky (USA), stores thousands of cylinders of depleted uranium hexa- fluoride. Breaches of the cylinders could result in the release of uranium and hydrogen fluoride. Beginning in 1996, a program was begun to paint the cylinders in order to prevent corrosion of the cylinders and the surfaces of the storage yards were converted to concrete. In 1998, storm water from the cylinder storage yards was found to be toxic to Ceriodaphnia, at concentrations exceeding limits in the site's discharge permit. A six-month study was conducted to identify the source of the toxicity in the storm water. Ceriodaphnia toxicity tests with the storm water resulted in 48-h median lethal concentrations (LC50) ranging from 12 to 94%; zinc concentrations in the storm water ranged from 0.08 to 0.54 mg/L. Acute toxicity tests with zinc and linear regression identified that zinc concentrations in the storm water were sufficient to account for the toxicity observed. By tracking the sources to the discharge point, newly painted cylinders were identified as the source of the zinc in the storm water. Rainwater collected directly from the painted cylinders contained up to 13 mg Zn/L. Laboratory and field tests showed that topcoating the cylinders would reduce the amount of zinc in the runoff from the cylinders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Corrosion & anti-corrosives
KW  - Acute toxicity testing
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Paint
KW  - Daphnia
KW  - Paducah (Ky.)
KW  - Kentucky
KW  - United States
KW  - Acute toxicity
KW  - Ceriodaphnia
KW  - Storm water
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15999598; Kszos, Lynn Adams 1; Email Address: kszosla@ornl.gov; Morris, Gail W. 1; Konetsky, Belinda K. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p12; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Zinc; Thesaurus Term: Corrosion & anti-corrosives; Thesaurus Term: Acute toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Subject Term: Paint; Subject Term: Daphnia; Subject: Paducah (Ky.); Subject: Kentucky; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acute toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceriodaphnia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storm water; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Burris, David R.
T1  - REDUCTION OF HALOGENATED ETHANES BY GREEN RUST.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 48
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Green rusts, mixed FeII/FeIII hydroxide minerals present in many suboxic environments, have been shown to reduce a number of organic and inorganic contaminants. The reduction of halogenated ethanes was examined in aqueous suspensions of green rust, both alone and with the addition of AgI (AgGR) and CuII (CuGR). Hexachloroethane (HCA), pentachloroethane (PCA), 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-TeCA), 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-TeCA), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA), 1,1,2-trichloroethane (1,1,2-TCA), 1,1-dichloroethane (1,1-DCA), and 1,2-dibromoethane were reduced in the presence of green rust alone, AgGR, or CuGR; only 1,2-dichloroethane and chloroethane were nonreactive. The reduction was generally more rapid for more highly substituted ethanes than for ethanes having fewer halogen groups (HCA > PCA > 1,1,1,2-TeCA . 1,1,1-TCA > 1,1,2,2- TeCA > 1,1,2-TCA > 1,1-DCA), and isomers with the more asymmetric distributions of halogen groups were more rapidly reduced than the isomer with greater symmetry (e.g., 1,1,1-TCA > 1,1,2-TCA). The addition of AgI or CuII to green rust suspensions resulted in a substantial increase in the rate of halogenated ethane reduction as well as significant differences in the product distributions with respect to green rust alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ethanes
KW  - Ethylene dibromide
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Halogenation
KW  - Hydroxide minerals
KW  - Chlorinated ethanes
KW  - Chlorinated hydrocarbons
KW  - Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxide
KW  - Reductive dehalogenation
N1  - Accession Number: 15999625; O'Loughlin, Edward J. 1,2; Email Address: oloughlin@anl.gov; Burris, David R. 1,3; Affiliations: 1 : Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/MLQR, Tyndall AFB, Florida 32403-5301, USA; 2 : Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4843, USA; 3 : Integrated Science and Technology, 433 Harrison Avenue, Panama City, Florida 32401, USA;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p41; Thesaurus Term: Ethanes; Thesaurus Term: Ethylene dibromide; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Subject Term: Halogenation; Subject Term: Hydroxide minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorinated ethanes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reductive dehalogenation; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forsythe, Chris
T1  - The Future of Simulation Technology for Law Enforcement.
JO  - FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin
JF  - FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin
J1  - FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin
PY  - 2004/01//
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 73
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 23
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 00145688
AB  - Discusses the uses of simulation technology in law enforcement.  Use of simulation for training decision making; Need to apply caution when adopting any technical solution that removes human decision maker from the process; Description of a notional simulator trainer.
KW  - TECHNOLOGY & law
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - LAW enforcement
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12461191; Source Information: Jan2004, Vol. 73 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY & law; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: LAW enforcement; Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 5p; ; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; ; Document Type: Article; ; Full Text Word Count: 2004; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rogers, Joe E.
AU  - Bemer, Bob
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Anne
T1  - Anecdotes.
JO  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
JF  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
J1  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
PY  - 2004/01//Jan-Mar2004
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan-Mar2004
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 67
SN  - 10586180
AB  - The article presents the authors' experiences of getting into computers. One of the authors was new in the field of computer and knew very less about it. Then he thought to start a new career in the data processing department. He read articles and learned more about computers. Then he built his first microcomputer in 1977 with a built in keyboard. Then he attended conventions. Later in 1979, he retired from Litton and started selling a multiuser, multitasking microcomputer system. In the year 2004 he is making systems thousand times more sophisticated than the main frames of the 1970s.  INSET: Shaping the Future..
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - CAREER development
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - MULTIUSER computer systems
KW  - COMPUTER multitasking
KW  - COMPUTER industry
N1  - Accession Number: 12510397; Source Information: Jan-Mar2004, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: PERSONAL computers; Subject Term: CAREER development; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: MULTIUSER computer systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER multitasking; Subject Term: COMPUTER industry; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hurwilz, Justin
AU  - Wu-Chun Feng, Justin
T1  - END-TO-END PERFORMANCE OF 10-GIGABIT ETHERNET ON COMMODITY SYSTEMS.
JO  - IEEE Micro
JF  - IEEE Micro
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 22
SN  - 02721732
AB  - From its humble beginnings as shared Ethernet to its current success as switched Ethernet in local-area networks and system-area networks and its anticipated success in metropolitan and wide area networks, Ethernet continues to evolve to meet the increasing demands of packet-switched networks. It does so at low implementation cost while maintaining high reliability and relatively simple plug and play installation, administration and maintenance. Although the recently ratified 10 GbE standard differs from earlier Ethernet standards, the differences are largely superficial.  INSET: Putting the 10GbE Numbers in Perspective..
KW  - ETHERNET (Local area network system)
KW  - LOCAL area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - WIDE area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - METROPOLITAN area networks (Computer networks)
N1  - Accession Number: 12426516; Hurwilz, Justin 1; Email Address: ghurwitz@lanl.gov; Wu-Chun Feng, Justin 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p10; Thesaurus Term: ETHERNET (Local area network system); Thesaurus Term: LOCAL area networks (Computer networks); Thesaurus Term: WIDE area networks (Computer networks); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: METROPOLITAN area networks (Computer networks); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiuxing Liu, Andrew
AU  - Chandrasekaran, Balasubramanian
AU  - Weikuan Yu, Balasubramanian
AU  - Jiesheng Wu, Balasubramanian
AU  - Buntinas, Darius
AU  - Kini, Sushmitha
AU  - Panda, Dhabaleswar K.
AU  - Wyckoff, Pete
T1  - MICROBENCHMARK PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF HIGH-SPEED CLUSTER INTER CONNETS.
JO  - IEEE Micro
JF  - IEEE Micro
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 51
SN  - 02721732
AB  - Recently, the computational power of commodity personal computers (PCs) has doubled about every 18 months. At the same time, network interconnects that provide very low latency and very high bandwidth are also emerging. This is a promising trend in building high-performance computing environments by clustering, combining the computational power of commodity PCs with the communication performance of high-speed network interconnects. There are several network interconnects that provide low latency and high bandwidth.
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 12426519; Jiuxing Liu, Andrew; Email Address: liuj@cis.ohio-state.edu; Chandrasekaran, Balasubramanian 1; Weikuan Yu, Balasubramanian; Jiesheng Wu, Balasubramanian; Buntinas, Darius 2; Kini, Sushmitha 3; Panda, Dhabaleswar K. 4; Wyckoff, Pete 5; Affiliations: 1: Systems Engineer, Scalable Enterprise Computing Lab, Dell Computer Corp.; 2: Postdoctoral Researcher, Mathematical and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory.; 3: Software Engineer, Windows Server group, Microsoft Corp.; 4: Professor, Computer Science, Ohio State University.; 5: Research Scientist, Ohio Supercomputer Center.; Issue Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p42; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: PERSONAL computers; Thesaurus Term: BANDWIDTHS; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Thesaurus Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peng, Fang Z.
AU  - Hui Li
AU  - Gui-Jia Su, Fang Z.
AU  - Jack S. Lawler, Fang Z.
T1  - A New ZVS Bidirectional DC DC Converter for Fuel Cell and Battery Application.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
PY  - 2004/01//
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 65
SN  - 08858993
AB  - This paper presents a new zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) bidirectional dc-dc converter. Compared to the traditional full and half bridge bidirectional dc-dc converters for the similar applications, the new topology has the advantages of simple circuit topology with no total device rating (TDR) penalty, soft-switching implementation without additional devices, high efficiency and simple control. These advantages make the new converter promising for medium and high power applications especially for auxiliary power supply in fuel cell vehicles and power generation where the high power density, low cost, lightweight and high reliability power converters are required. The operating principle, theoretical analysis, and design guidelines are provided in this paper. The simulation and the experimental verifications are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DC-to-DC converters
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - CASCADE converters
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 12312330; Source Information: Jan2004, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p54; Subject Term: DC-to-DC converters; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: CASCADE converters; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 12p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2003.820550
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106593594
T1  - Developing a customized database of users as a tool for marketing the library.
AU  - Boudreau GD
AU  - Manley CG
Y1  - 2004/01//
N1  - Accession Number: 106593594. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050311. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article. Journal Subset: Computer/Information Science; USA. NLM UID: 9891335. 
KW  - Database Construction
KW  - Library Services -- Utilization
KW  - Marketing -- Methods
KW  - Data Collection Methods
KW  - Information Needs
KW  - Libraries, Special
SP  - 44
EP  - 47
JO  - Information Outlook
JF  - Information Outlook
JA  - INF OUTLOOK
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
CY  - Alexandria, Virginia
PB  - Special Libraries Association
SN  - 1091-0808
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN; boudreaugd@ornl.gov
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - LePoire, David J.1, dlepoire@anl.gov
AU  - Arnish, John J.1, jarnish@anl.gov
AU  - Klett, Timothy R.1, tklett@anl.gov
AU  - Jonhson, Robert L.1, rljohnson@anl.gov
AU  - Shih-Yew Chen1, sychen@anl.gov
T1  - Pathways to Enhance Environmental Assessment Information Systems.
JO  - Informing Science
JF  - Informing Science
J1  - Informing Science
PY  - 2004/01//
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 128
SN  - 15214672
AB  - Investigates the role of modeling in connecting current data and knowledge with predictions of future events and environmental states. Requirements for environmental modeling; Advancement in the use and communication of environmental modeling; Identification of the areas for shared components in the general information technology field.
KW  - Information technology
KW  - Communication & technology
KW  - Computer science
KW  - Information science
KW  - Technology
KW  - community informatics
KW  - environmental modelling
N1  - Accession Number: 15925760; Authors: LePoire, David J. 1 Email Address: dlepoire@anl.gov; Arnish, John J. 1 Email Address: jarnish@anl.gov; Klett, Timothy R. 1 Email Address: tklett@anl.gov; Jonhson, Robert L. 1 Email Address: rljohnson@anl.gov; Shih-Yew Chen 1 Email Address: sychen@anl.gov; Affiliations:  1: Environmental Assessment Division at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Subject: Information technology; Subject: Communication & technology; Subject: Technology; Subject: Computer science; Subject: Information science; Author-Supplied Keyword: community informatics; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental modelling; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lls
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laitner, John A.
AU  - Sanstad, Alan H.
T1  - Learning-by-doing on both the demand and the supply sides: implications for electric utility investments in a Heuristic model.
JO  - International Journal of Energy Technology & Policy
JF  - International Journal of Energy Technology & Policy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 14728923
AB  - The article focuses on the effect of learning-by-doing on both the demand and the supply sides. As new technologies enter the marketplace, and as experience is gained in both their production and use, costs tend to decline with each successive doubling of investment or production. This paper examines learning-by-doing for demand-side technologies. Omitting the learning-by-doing demand-side perspective may introduce a bias into technology forecasts. The implications of this observation through the application of a heuristic model that captures the anticipated electricity service demand within the U.S.over the next 30 years have been examined.
KW  - Electric power consumption
KW  - Electric industries
KW  - Electric power distribution
KW  - Learning
KW  - Supply & demand
KW  - Investments
KW  - demand-side technologies
KW  - electricity demand
KW  - forecast bias
KW  - learning-by-doing
KW  - technology investment.
N1  - Accession Number: 14907123; Laitner, John A. 1; Email Address: Laitner.Skip@epa.gov; Sanstad, Alan H. 2; Email Address: ahsanstad@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : EPA Office of Atmospheric Programs, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, MS 6201-J, Washington, DC 20460, USA.; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.;  Source Info: 2004, Vol. 2 Issue 1/2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Electric power consumption; Thesaurus Term: Electric industries; Thesaurus Term: Electric power distribution; Subject Term: Learning; Subject Term: Supply & demand; Subject Term: Investments; Author-Supplied Keyword: demand-side technologies; Author-Supplied Keyword: electricity demand; Author-Supplied Keyword: forecast bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: learning-by-doing; Author-Supplied Keyword: technology investment.; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramratnam, Bharat
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy
AU  - He, Tian
AU  - Chung, Chris
AU  - Simon, Viviana
AU  - Vanderhooven, Jeroen
AU  - Hurley, Arlene
AU  - Zhang, Linqi
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
AU  - Ho, David D.
AU  - Markowtiz, Martin
T1  - Intensification of Antiretroviral Therapy Accelerates the Decay of the HIV-1 Latent Reservoir and Decreases, But Does Not Eliminate, Ongoing Virus Replication.
JO  - JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
JF  - JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 37
SN  - 15254135
AB  - Evaluates whether intensification of standard antiretroviral therapy with abacavir, with or without efavirenz, leads to better viral suppression.  Acceleration rate of HIV-1 decay; Frequency of intermittent viremia; Virus replication during standard antiretroviral therapy.
KW  - VIRUS diseases -- Treatment
KW  - ANTIRETROVIRAL agents
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - SEXUALLY transmitted diseases
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12189407; Ramratnam, Bharat 1; Email Address: BRamratnam@Lifespan.org; Ribeiro, Ruy 2; He, Tian 1; Chung, Chris 1; Simon, Viviana 1; Vanderhooven, Jeroen 1; Hurley, Arlene 1; Zhang, Linqi 1; Perelson, Alan S. 2; Ho, David D. 1; Markowtiz, Martin 1; Source Information: 1/1/2004, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p33; Subject: VIRUS diseases -- Treatment; Subject: ANTIRETROVIRAL agents; Subject: HIV (Viruses); Subject: SEXUALLY transmitted diseases; Subject: THERAPEUTICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Jia
AU  - Guttikunda, Sarath K.
AU  - Carmichael, Gregory R.
AU  - Streets, David G.
AU  - Chang, Young-Soo
AU  - Fung, Virginia
T1  - Quantifying the human health benefits of curbing air pollution in Shanghai
JO  - Journal of Environmental Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 70
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 03014797
AB  - Urban development in the mega-cities of Asia has caused detrimental effects on the human health of its inhabitants through air pollution. However, averting these health damages by investing in clean energy and industrial technologies and measures can be expensive. Many cities do not have the capital to make such investments or may prefer to invest that capital elsewhere. In this article, we examine the city of Shanghai, China, and perform an illustrative cost/benefit analysis of air pollution control. Between 1995 and 2020 we expect that Shanghai will continue to grow rapidly. Increased demands for energy will cause increased use of fossil fuels and increased emissions of air pollutants. In this work, we examine emissions of particles smaller than 10 μm in diameter (PM10), which have been associated with inhalation health effects. We hypothesize the establishment of a new technology strategy for coal-fired power generation after 2010 and a new industrial coal-use policy. The health benefits of pollution reduction are compared with the investment costs for the new strategies. The study shows that the benefit-to-cost ratio is in the range of 1–5 for the power-sector initiative and 2–15 for the industrial-sector initiative. Thus, there appear to be considerable net benefits for these strategies, which could be very large depending on the valuation of health effects in China today and in the future. This study therefore provides economic grounds for supporting investments in air pollution control in developing cities like Shanghai. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Management is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Pollution control industry
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Asia
KW  - China
KW  - Air pollution control
KW  - Human health benefits
KW  - Particulate matter
KW  - PM10
KW  - Shanghai
N1  - Accession Number: 12100436; Li, Jia 1; Guttikunda, Sarath K. 2; Carmichael, Gregory R. 2; Streets, David G. 3; Email Address: dstreets@anl.gov; Chang, Young-Soo 3; Fung, Virginia 4; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Clean Air Policy. Washington, DC, USA; 2 : Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; 3 : Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 4 : Global Greenlife Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1, p49; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollution control industry; Subject Term: Cost effectiveness; Subject: Asia; Subject: China; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air pollution control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human health benefits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM10; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shanghai; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2003.10.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crowder, Stephen V.
AU  - Kupferman, Stuart L.
T1  - Use of Welch-Satterthwaite Approximation in Calibration of Voltage Standards.
JO  - Journal of Quality Technology
JF  - Journal of Quality Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 52
SN  - 00224065
AB  - In certifying banks of solid state voltage standards, the customer is provided with predictive equations that are used to predict mean voltage and uncertainty in voltage. These equations are provided for both the bank average and the individual standards constituting the bank over the period of certification, which is typically a year. Use of the Welch-Satterthwaite Approximation (W-SA) can significantly reduce the number of calibrations required to provide satisfactory levels of uncertainty for the bank average. We first review the standard approach in metrology for expressing the uncertainty in a measurement system. We provide an intuitive discussion of the W-SA along with examples of its use and information on its usefulness when there are only a few degrees of freedom. A case study involving a bank of four solid state voltage standards is presented in detail. We also propose an analysis technique that can be used to investigate the usefulness and potential limitations of the W-SA when estimating measurement uncertainties. The analysis technique can be used to estimate approximation error, sampling error, and the coverage probabilities of confidence intervals computed using the W-SA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quality Technology is the property of American Society for Quality, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - Degrees of Freedom
N1  - Accession Number: 12292222; Crowder, Stephen V. 1; Email Address: svcrowd@sandia.gov; Kupferman, Stuart L. 1; Email Address: slkupfe@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p38; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degrees of Freedom; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Croes, Bart E.
AU  - Minassian, Fred
AU  - Natarajan, Mani
AU  - Tierney, Eugene J.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Thirteenth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 23
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The Coordinating Research Council held its thirteenth Vehicle Emissions Workshop in April 2003, when results of the most recent on-road vehicle emissions research were presented. Ongoing work from researchers who are engaged in improving understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to ambient air quality and emission inventories is summarized here. Participants in the workshop discussed efforts to improve mobile source emission models, the role of on-board diagnostic systems in inspection and maintenance programs, light- and heavy-duty vehicle emissions measurements, on- and off-road emissions measurements, effects of fuels and lubricating oils on emissions, as well as topics for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Workshops (Adult education)
N1  - Accession Number: 12406760; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Croes, Bart E. 2; Minassian, Fred 3; Natarajan, Mani 4; Tierney, Eugene J. 5; Lawson, Douglas R. 6; Email Address: doug_lawson@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1 : General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 2 : California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, California; 3 : South Coast Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar, California; 4 : Marathon Ashland Petroleum, Findlay, Ohio; 5 : Air Quality and Modeling Center, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ann Arbor, Michigan; 6 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p8; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject Term: Workshops (Adult education); Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scahill, John
AU  - Wolfrum, Edward J.
AU  - Michener, William E.
AU  - Bergmann, Michael
AU  - Blake, Daniel M.
AU  - Watt, Andrew S.
T1  - A New Method for the Rapid Determination of Volatile Organic Compound Breakthrough Times for a Sorbent at Concentrations Relevant to Indoor Air Quality.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 110
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The use of sorbents has been proposed to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in ambient air at concentrations in the parts-per-billion (ppb) range, which is typical of indoor air quality applications. Sorbent materials, such as granular activated carbon and molecular sieves, are used to remove VOCs from gas streams in industrial applications, where VOC concentrations are typically in the parts-per-million range. A method for evaluating the VOC removal performance of sorbent materials using toluene concentrations in the ppb range is described. Breakthrough times for toluene at concentrations from 2 to 7500 ppb are presented for a hydrophobic molecular sieve at 25% relative humidity. By increasing the ratio of challenge gas flow rate to the mass of the sorbent bed and decreasing both the mass of sorbent in the bed and the sorbent particle size, this method reduces the required experimental times by a factor of up to several hundred compared with the proposed American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers method, ASHRAE 145P, making sorbent performance evaluation for ppb-range VOC removal more convenient. The method can be applied to screen sorbent materials for application in the removal of VOCs from indoor air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Quality
N1  - Accession Number: 12406827; Scahill, John 1; Wolfrum, Edward J. 1; Email Address: ed_wolfrum@nrel.gov; Michener, William E. 1; Bergmann, Michael 1; Blake, Daniel M. 1; Watt, Andrew S. 1; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p105; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Quality; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwon, Y. C.
AU  - Yarbrough, D. W.
T1  - A Comparison of Korean Cellulose Insulation with Cellulose Insulation Manufactured in the United States of America.
JO  - Journal of Thermal Envelope & Building Science
JF  - Journal of Thermal Envelope & Building Science
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 197
SN  - 10971963
AB  - Thermal resistivity data are reported for loose-fill cellulose manufactured in Korea and the United States over the temperature range 40 to 100°F. A representative thickness of 1.1 in. for thermal test specimens was determined for cellulose insulation in the density range that was studied. Measurements for insulations with known amounts of fire retardant chemical showed a negligible effect of the fire retardant on the thermal resistivity of the insulation. The test data show that the U.S.-made loose-fill cellulose that was studied had a 5% greater thermal resistivity than the Korean-made product. This difference in thermal resistivity could be due to differences in the re-cycled paper being used in the two countries to produce cellulose insulation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Thermal Envelope & Building Science is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLULOSE insulation
KW  - INSULATING materials
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - INSULATING materials industry
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - KOREA
KW  - cellulose insulation
KW  - fire retardants
KW  - loose-fill insulation
KW  - representative thickness
KW  - thermal resistivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12364721; Kwon, Y. C. 1; Yarbrough, D. W. 2; Source Information: Jan2004, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p185; Subject: CELLULOSE insulation; Subject: INSULATING materials; Subject: BUILDING materials; Subject: INSULATING materials industry; Geographic Terms: UNITED States; KOREA; Author-Supplied Keyword: cellulose insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: fire retardants; Author-Supplied Keyword: loose-fill insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: representative thickness; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal resistivity; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, E. Eugene
T1  - Windows 2000 security: A postmortem analysis
JO  - Network Security
JF  - Network Security
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 2004
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
SN  - 13534858
AB  - : IntroductionAfter initially releasing Windows 2000 (W2K) in February 2000, Microsoft touted it as a secure operating system, one that was far improved over its predecessor, Windows NT(WNT). Yet even before Microsoft released W2K the software giant announced that it would release Service Pack 1 (SP1) for this operating system. The information security community immediately wondered whether the claims about the much improved security in W2K were true; many events and findings since then have reinforced this doubt. After a reign of three years as Microsoft''s flagship operating system, last year Microsoft rolled out its newest server operating system, Windows Server 2003 (WS2003), signaling the end of an era for the W2K operating system. Windows XP (WXP) had already supplanted W2K Professional as the newest workstation operating system several years before. This is not to say that nobody uses W2K any more—to the contrary. But as W2K continues to increasingly take a proverbial back seat to newer Microsoft operating systems, now is a good time to take a retroactive look at W2K from a security viewpoint. Was it a success from a security perspective? What were its major failings and why? This paper addresses these issues. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Network Security is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - SYSTEMS software
KW  - COMPUTER multitasking
KW  - WINDOWS (Graphical user interfaces)
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - MICROSOFT Corp.
N1  - Accession Number: 12097017; Schultz, E. Eugene 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California-Berkeley Lab, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 2004 Issue 1, p6; Thesaurus Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS software; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER multitasking; Subject Term: WINDOWS (Graphical user interfaces); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems ; Company/Entity: MICROSOFT Corp. DUNS Number: 081466849 Ticker: MSFT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1353-4858(04)00022-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Owens, Douglas K.
AU  - Edwards, Donna M.
AU  - Cavallaro, John F.
AU  - Shachter, Ross D.
T1  - THE COST EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTIALLY EFFECTIVE HIV VACCINES.
JO  - Operations Research & Health Care: A Handbook of Methods & Applications
JF  - Operations Research & Health Care: A Handbook of Methods & Applications
Y1  - 2004/01//
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 418
SN  - 9781402076299
AB  - Development of a vaccine remains the best hope for curtailing the worldwide pandemic caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Due to the complex biology of HIV infection, there is increasing concern that an HIV vaccine may provide incomplete protection from infection, In addition to reducing susceptibility to disease, an HIV vaccine may also prolong life in people who acquire HIV despite vaccination, and may reduce HIV transmission. We evaluated how varying degrees of vaccine efficacy for susceptibility, progression of disease, and infectivity influence the costs and benefits of a vaccine program in a population of men who have sex with men. We found that the health benefits, and thus cost effectiveness, of HIV vaccines were strikingly dependent on each of the types of vaccine efficacy. We also found that vaccines with even modest efficacy provided substantial health benefits and were cost effective or cost saving. Although development of an HIV vaccine has been extremely difficult, even a partially effective HIV vaccine could dramatically change the course of the HIV epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Operations Research & Health Care: A Handbook of Methods & Applications is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. / Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACCINES
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Transmission
KW  - AIDS (Disease) -- Vaccination
KW  - EPIDEMIOLOGY
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - Cost-effectiveness analysis
KW  - HIV
KW  - Vaccines
N1  - Accession Number: 18639054; Owens, Douglas K. 1,2; Edwards, Donna M. 3; Cavallaro, John F. 4; Shachter, Ross D. 4; Affiliations: 1: VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94303; 2: Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550; 4: Department of Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; Issue Info: 2004, p403; Subject Term: VACCINES; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Transmission; Subject Term: AIDS (Disease) -- Vaccination; Subject Term: EPIDEMIOLOGY; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cost-effectiveness analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vaccines; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Owens, Douglas K.
AU  - Edwards, Donna M.
AU  - Cavallaro, John F.
AU  - Shachter, Ross D.
AD  - VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford U
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA
AD  - Stanford U
AD  - Stanford U
A2  - Brandeau, Margaret L
A2  - Sainfort, Francois
A2  - Pierskalla, William P.
T1  - The Cost Effectiveness of Partially Effective HIV Vaccines
T2  - Operations research and health care: A handbook of methods and applications
PB  - International Series in Operations Research and Management Science.
PB  - Boston; Dordrecht and London:
PB  - Kluwer Academic
Y1  - 2004///
SP  - 403
EP  - 418
N1  - Accession Number: 0815345; Reviewed Book ISBN: 1-4020-7629-0; Keywords: Cost Effectiveness; Publication Type: Collective Volume Article; Update Code: 200602
KW  - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis          D61
KW  - Analysis of Health Care Markets          I11
KW  - General Welfare; Well-Being          I31
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McConnel, Steven M.
T1  - Machine Safeguarding.
JO  - Professional Safety
JF  - Professional Safety
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 27
PB  - American Society of Safety Engineers
SN  - 00990027
AB  - Discusses a strategy in building an industrial program for machine hazards prevention.  Factual background on machine hazard safeguarding practices; Assessment of line management knowledge and worker compliance; Collaboration with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
KW  - HUMAN-machine systems
KW  - ERGONOMICS
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety
KW  - ACCIDENT prevention
N1  - Accession Number: 11834082; McConnel, Steven M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p18; Thesaurus Term: HUMAN-machine systems; Thesaurus Term: ERGONOMICS; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERING; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL safety; Thesaurus Term: ACCIDENT prevention; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buxton, Karen A.
AU  - Gover, Harvey R.
T1  - A National Laboratory and University Branch Campus Library Partnership: Shared Benefits and Challenges from Combined Reference Services.
JO  - Reference Librarian
JF  - Reference Librarian
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 40
IS  - 83/84
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 262
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 02763877
AB  - The Hanford Technical Library of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the Max F. Benitz Memorial Library of the Washington State University Tri-Cities Branch Campus have functioned both separately and in combination since moving into the same space within the Consolidated Information Center in 1997. The libraries have successfully partnered to serve different clientele at a combined reference desk since June 1997. Although having separate staffs, catalogs, and collections, the libraries share a single reference/information desk. The reference staffs work together to serve a very diverse clientele including students, faculty, engineers, scientists, contractors, regulators, and the public. The combined libraries offer significant benefits to both library staffs and their users. The libraries have expanded access to collections and information expertise, enhanced staff training opportunities, and provided additional hours of reference service to patrons while at the same time maintaining the individual identities the two libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Reference Librarian is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Information resources management
KW  - Information retrieval
KW  - Information technology
KW  - Information services
KW  - Documentation
KW  - combined libraries
KW  - combined reference desk
KW  - consolidated libraries
KW  - Hanford Technical Library
KW  - Max E. Benitz Memorial Library
KW  - merged libraries
KW  - merged reference
KW  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
KW  - Washington State University Tri-Cities
N1  - Accession Number: 13111301; Buxton, Karen A. 1; Email Address: karen.buxton@pnl.gov; Gover, Harvey R. 2; Email Address: hgover@tricity.wsu.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Information Specialist, Hanford Technical Library, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA; 2 : Assistant Campus Librarian, Max E. Benitz Memorial Library, Washington State University at Tri-Cities, Richland, WA;  Source Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 83/84, p251; Thesaurus Term: Libraries; Thesaurus Term: Information resources management; Thesaurus Term: Information retrieval; Thesaurus Term: Information technology; Thesaurus Term: Information services; Thesaurus Term: Documentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined reference desk; Author-Supplied Keyword: consolidated libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hanford Technical Library; Author-Supplied Keyword: Max E. Benitz Memorial Library; Author-Supplied Keyword: merged libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: merged reference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Washington State University Tri-Cities; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300J120v40n83_20
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=13111301&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simon, Horst D.
T1  - Manipulating and Visualizing Proteins.
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Focuses on the creation of data about the chemical makeup and genetic codes of living organisms.  Development of ProteinShop, a visualization and modeling program by researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California; Manipulation of protein structures; Function of ProteinShop in speeding up the discovery process.
KW  - VISUAL programming (Computer science)
KW  - GENETIC code
KW  - ORGANISMS
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 12010792; Simon, Horst D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Director of the NERSC Center and Computational Research Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p30; Subject Term: VISUAL programming (Computer science); Subject Term: GENETIC code; Subject Term: ORGANISMS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhenyue Zhang
AU  - Hongyuan Zha
AU  - Horst Simon
T1  - LOW-RANK APPROXIMATIONS WITH SPARSE FACTORS II: PENALIZED METHODS WITH DISCRETE NEWTON-LIKE ITERATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
EP  - 920
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - In (SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl., 23 (2002), pp. 706–727, we developed numerical algorithms for computing sparse low-rank approximations of matrices, and we also provided a detailed error analysis of the proposed algorithms together with some numerical experiments. The low-rank approximations are constructed in a certain factored form with the degree of sparsity of the factors controlled by some user-specified parameters. In this paper, we cast the sparse low-rank approximation problem in the framework of penalized optimization problems. We discuss various approximation schemes for the penalized optimization problem which are more amenable to numerical computations. We also include some analysis to show the relations between the original optimization problem and the reduced one. We then develop a globally convergent discrete Newton-like iterative method for solving the approximate penalized optimization problems. We also compare the reconstruction errors of the sparse low-rank approximations computed by our new methods with those obtained using the methods in the earlier paper and several other existing methods for computing sparse low-rank approximations. Numerical examples show that the penalized methods are more robust and produce approximations with factors which have fewer columns and are sparser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ERROR analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - low-rank matrix approximation
KW  - perturbation analysis
KW  - singular value decomposition
KW  - sparse factorization
N1  - Accession Number: 14678948; Zhenyue Zhang 1; Email Address: zyzhang@zju.edu.cn; Hongyuan Zha 2; Email Address: zha@cse.psu.edu; Horst Simon 3; Email Address: HDSimon@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang University, Yu-Quan Campus, Hangzhou, 310027, Peopl'es Republic of China; 2: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; 3: National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, M/S: 50B, Berkeley, CA 94720; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p901; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: ERROR analysis (Mathematics); Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: low-rank matrix approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: perturbation analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular value decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse factorization; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0895479801394477
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Picker, Randal C.
T1  - The Digital Video Recorder: Unbundling Advertising and Content.
JO  - University of Chicago Law Review
JF  - University of Chicago Law Review
Y1  - 2004///Winter2004
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 222
SN  - 00419494
AB  - The television intermediary is required to pass through the content of the over-the-air broadcaster with the commercials intact. The cable company contracts upward with content creators and downward with customers and, through this nexus of contracts and control over technology, can establish terms of use directly, making copyright largely irrelevant. If this model turns out to be a much better way of delivering advertisements, one will see a substantial advantage for ad-supported cable over broadcast television for broadcasters, the issue will not be about fighting to get their advertisements to viewers intact but rather one of getting access, possibly through the retransmission consent process, to the ad personalization technology made possible by the insertion of intelligence and storage into the set-top box.
KW  - TELEVISION
KW  - BROADCASTERS
KW  - TELEVISION advertising
KW  - BROADCASTING industry
KW  - COPYRIGHT
KW  - CABLE television
N1  - Accession Number: 12871384; Picker, Randal C. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Professor of Commercial Law, University of Chicago Law School.; 2: Senior Fellow, The Computation Institute of the University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Winter2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1, p205; Thesaurus Term: TELEVISION; Thesaurus Term: BROADCASTERS; Thesaurus Term: TELEVISION advertising; Thesaurus Term: BROADCASTING industry; Thesaurus Term: COPYRIGHT; Thesaurus Term: CABLE television; NAICS/Industry Codes: 711512 Independent actors, comedians and performers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334220 Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 515210 Cable and Other Subscription Programming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coleman, Mark D.
AU  - Isebrands, J. G.
AU  - Tolsted, David N.
AU  - Tolbert, Virginia R.
T1  - Comparing Soil Carbon of Short Rotation Poplar Plantations with Agricultural Crops and Woodlots in North Central United States.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/01/02/Jan2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - S299
EP  - S308
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - We collected soil samples from 27 study sites across North Central United States to compare the soil carbon of short rotation poplar plantations to adjacent agricultural crops and woodlots. Soil organic carbon (SOC) ranged from 20 to more than 160 Mg/ha across the sampled sites. Lowest SOC levels were found in uplands and highest levels in riparian soils. We attributed differences in bulk density and SOC among cover types to the inclusion of woodlot soils in the analysis. Paired comparison found few differences between poplar and agricultural crops. Sites with significant comparisons varied in magnitude and direction. Relatively greater SOC was often observed in poplar when native soil carbon was low, but there were important exceptions. Woodlots consistently contained greater SOC than the other crops, especially at depth. We observed little difference between paired poplar and switchgrass, both promising bioenergy crops. There was no evidence of changes in poplar SOC relative to adjacent agricultural soils when considered for stand ages up to 12 years. Highly variable native SOC levels and subtle changes over time make verification of soil carbon sequestration among land cover types difficult. In addition to soil carbon storage potential, it is therefore important to consider opportunities offered by long-term sequestration of carbon in solid wood products and carbon-offset through production of bioenergy crops. Furthermore, short rotation poplars and switchgrass offer additional carbon sequestration and other environmental benefits such as soil erosion control, runoff abatement, and wildlife habitat improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon in soils
KW  - Forest products
KW  - Biomass energy
KW  - Agriculture & energy
KW  - Soil conservation
KW  - Wildlife habitat improvement
KW  - United States
KW  - Bioenergy
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Hybrid poplar
KW  - Soil bulk density
KW  - Switchgrass
N1  - Accession Number: 15415242; Coleman, Mark D. 1; Email Address: mcoleman01@fs.fed.us; Isebrands, J. G. 2; Tolsted, David N. 3; Tolbert, Virginia R. 4; Affiliations: 1 : USDA Forest Service, Savannah River, Southern Research Station, P.O. Box 700 New Ellenton, South Carolina, 29809, USA; 2 : Environmental Forestry Consultants, LLC, P.O. Box 54 New London, Wisconsin 54961, USA; 3 : USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 5985 Hwy K Rhinelander, Wisconsin, 54501, USA; 4 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA;  Source Info: Jan2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, pS299; Thesaurus Term: Carbon in soils; Thesaurus Term: Forest products; Thesaurus Term: Biomass energy; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture & energy; Thesaurus Term: Soil conservation; Thesaurus Term: Wildlife habitat improvement; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioenergy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid poplar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil bulk density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Switchgrass; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-9139-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palumbo, Anthony V.
AU  - Fisher, L. Suzanne
AU  - Martin, Madhavi Z.
AU  - Yang, Zamin K.
AU  - Tarver, Jana R.
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Daniels, W. Lee
T1  - Application of Emerging Tools and Techniques for Measuring Carbon and Microbial Communities in Reclaimed Mine Soils.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/01/02/Jan2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - S518
EP  - S527
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - As part of a study of the potential for carbon sequestration in degraded mine lands, we examined the carbon content of reclaimed mine soils treated with soil amendments (e.g., fly ash and biosolids) using two emerging techniques; terminal restriction fragment- length polymorphism (TRFLP) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Both of these techniques have potential use for measuring aspects of carbon content and its role in the soil ecosystem. To better understand the relationship between the microbial community and the amount of carbon within mine soils, we examined the diversity among fungal communities in soils with different carbon content using TRFLP. TRFLP was run on 18S rDNA from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using primers specific for fungi. Results from the TRFLP were compared to sequencing of 18S clones. The diversity based on sequence analysis was much higher than that indicated by the TRFLP-based analysis. Rarefaction analysis of the data indicated that the total diversity was even higher than we were able to measure with both levels of effort; however, it was clear that we effectively sampled the dominant populations. The LIBS technique displayed a strong linear relationship when compared to conventional techniques (LECO and Walkley–Black) of measuring carbon in soils. In addition, discrepancies were noted between the two conventional techniques for soils with high carbon content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Carbon in soils
KW  - Soil amendments
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Fungal diversity
KW  - Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
KW  - Reclaimed mine soils
KW  - TRFLP
N1  - Accession Number: 15415232; Palumbo, Anthony V. 1; Fisher, L. Suzanne 1; Martin, Madhavi Z. 1; Yang, Zamin K. 1; Tarver, Jana R. 1; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Daniels, W. Lee 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37931-6038, USA.; 2 : Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0404, USA.;  Source Info: Jan2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, pS518; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Carbon in soils; Thesaurus Term: Soil amendments; Thesaurus Term: Fungi; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fungal diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reclaimed mine soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: TRFLP; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-9159-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baksh, Michael M.
AU  - Jaros, Michal
AU  - Groves, Jay T.
T1  - Detection of molecular interactions at membrane surfaces through colloid phase transitions.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6970
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 141
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The molecular architecture of-and biochemical processes within-cell membranes play important roles in all living organisms, with many drugs and infectious disease agents targeting membranes. Experimental studies of biochemical reactions on membrane surfaces are challenging, as they require a membrane environment that is fluid (like cell membranes) but nevertheless allows for the efficient detection and characterization of molecular interactions. One approach uses lipid membranes supported on solid substrates such as silica or polymers: although the membrane is trapped near the solid interface, it retains natural fluidity and biological functionality and can be implanted with membrane proteins for functional studies. But the detection of molecular interactions involving membrane-bound species generally requires elaborate techniques, such as surface plasmon resonance or total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Here we demonstrate that colloidal phase transitions of membrane-coated silica beads provide a simple and label-free method for monitoring molecular interactions on lipid membrane surfaces. By adjusting the lipid membrane composition and hence the pair interaction potential between the membrane-supporting silica beads, we poise our system near a phase transition so that small perturbations on the membrane surface induce dramatic changes in the macroscopic organization of the colloid. We expect that this approach, used here to probe with high sensitivity protein binding events at membrane surfaces, can be applied to study a broad range of cell membrane processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11862246; Baksh, Michael M. 1,2; Jaros, Michal 1; Groves, Jay T. 1,2; Source Information: 1/8/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6970, p139; Subject: COLLOIDS; Subject: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Subject: MOLECULAR biology; Subject: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject: PHASE transformations (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02209
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Hydrogen Could Fuel the Digital Electrical Grid.
JO  - Electronic Design
JF  - Electronic Design
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 24
PB  - Penton Media, Inc.
SN  - 00134872
AB  - Discusses the efficacy of hydrogen in fueling the digital electrical grid.  Capacity to generate electricity and power at home; Utilization of renewable energy generation and hydrogen storage for continous power; Stabilization of electricity prices.
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 11924094; Turner, John A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Principal Scientist, National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Issue Info: 1/12/2004, Vol. 52 Issue 1, p24; Thesaurus Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wakeham, Stuart G.
AU  - Forrest, James
AU  - Masiello, Caroline A.
AU  - Gélinas, Yves
AU  - Alexander, Clark R.
AU  - Leavitt, Peter R.
T1  - Hydrocarbons in Lake Washington Sediments. A 25-Year Retrospective in an Urban Lake.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 439
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and stable and radiocarbon isotope distributions are compared for dated cores from the 1970s and 2000 for a 25-year retrospective in Lake Washington, Seattle, WA (USA). Contamination of Lake Washington sediments by petrogenic aliphatic hydrocarbons and pyrolytic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via atmospheric deposition and stormwater runoff peaked between the 1950s and 1970s and has since decreased as stormwater inputs have been reduced. Radiocarbon signatures (Δ[sup14]C, %[subo]) of total organic carbon decrease (increased "age") in the depth interval of highest hydrocarbon concentration. Graphitic black carbon in the year 2000 core showed a historical profile similar to that of the PAH; however high background sediments deposited before the founding of Seattle indicates a considerable nonindustrial component derived from weathering in the watershed. Unlike hydrocarbon contamination, input of terrestrial organic matter (tracked by long-chain fatty alcohols) has increased throughout the late 20th century, documenting a shift in pollutant sources away from hydrocarbons and toward anthropogenic erosion of the region's soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTAMINATION (Technology)
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - WEATHERING
N1  - Accession Number: 12224112; Wakeham, Stuart G. 1; Email Address: stuart@skio.peachnet.edu; Forrest, James 1; Masiello, Caroline A. 2; Gélinas, Yves 3; Alexander, Clark R. 1; Leavitt, Peter R. 4; Affiliations: 1: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, Georgia 31411.; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.; 3: University of Washington, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 1455, de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montreal, West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1M8.; 4: University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada.; Issue Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p431; Thesaurus Term: CONTAMINATION (Technology); Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: WEATHERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Istok, J. D.
AU  - Senko, J. M.
AU  - Krumholz, L. R.
AU  - Watson, D.
AU  - Bogle, M. A.
AU  - Peacock, A.
AU  - Chang, Y.-J.
AU  - White, D. C.
T1  - In Situ Bioreduction of Technetium and Uranium iii a Nitrate-Contaminated Aquifer.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 468
EP  - 475
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The potential to stimulate an indigenous microbial community to reduce a mixture of U(Vl) and Tc(VlI) in the presence of high (12D mM) initial NO[sub3]sup-] co-contamination was evaluated in a shallow unconfined aquifer using a series of single-well, push-pull tests. In the absence of added electron donor, NO[sub3][sup-], Tc(Vll), and U(Vl) reduction was not detectable. However, in the presence of added ethanol, glucose, or acetate to serve as electron donor, rapid NO[sub3][sup-] utilization was observed. The accumulation of NO[sub2][sup-], the absence of detectable NH[sub4][sup+] accumulation, and the production of N[sub2]O during in situ acetylene-block experiments suggest that NO[sub3][sup-] was being consumed via denitrification. Tc(Vll) reduction occurred concurrently with NO[sub3][sup-] reduction, but U(Vl) reduction was not observed until two or more donor additions resulted in iron-reducing conditions, as detected by the production of Fe(ll). Reoxidation/ remobilization of U(lV) was also observed in tests conducted with high (∼120 mM) but not low (∼1 mM) initial NO[sub3][sup-] concentrations and not during acetylene-block experiments conducted with high initial NO[sub3][sup-]. These results suggest that NO[sub3][sup-]-dependent microbial U(IV) oxidation may inhibit or reverse U(Vl) reduction and decrease the stability of U(IV) in this environment Changes in viable biomass, community composition, metabolic status, and respiratory state of organisms harvested from down-well microbial samplers deployed during these tests were consistent with the conclusions that electron donor additions resulted in microbial growth, the creation of anaerobic conditions, and an increase in activity of metal-reducing organisms (e.g., Geobacter. The results demonstrate that it is possible to stimulate the simultaneous bioreduction of U(Vl) and Tc(Vll) mixtures commonly found with NO[sub3][sup-] co-contamination at radioactive waste sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTAMINATION (Technology)
KW  - MICROBIAL growth
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ACETYLENE
KW  - DENITRIFICATION
KW  - BIOMASS
N1  - Accession Number: 12224116; Istok, J. D. 1; Email Address: Jack.Istok@orst.edu; Senko, J. M. 2; Krumholz, L. R. 3; Watson, D. 3; Bogle, M. A. 4; Peacock, A. 4; Chang, Y.-J. 4; White, D. C. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331.; 2: Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019.; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; 4: Center for Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932.; Issue Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p468; Thesaurus Term: CONTAMINATION (Technology); Subject Term: MICROBIAL growth; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ACETYLENE; Subject Term: DENITRIFICATION; Subject Term: BIOMASS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gulbis, Jacqueline M.
AU  - Kazmirski, Steven L.
AU  - Finkelstein, Jeffm
AU  - Kelman, Zvi
AU  - O′Donnell, Mike
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Crystal structure of the chi:psi subassembly of the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase clamp-loader complex.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 271
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 449
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The chi (χ) and psi (ψ) subunits of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III form a heterodimer that is associated with the ATP-dependent clamp-loader machinery. In E. coli, the χ:ψ heterodimer serves as a bridge between the clamp-loader complex and the single-stranded DNA-binding protein. We determined the crystal structure of the χ:ψ heterodimer at 2.1 Å resolution. Although neither χ (147 residues) nor ψ (137 residues) bind to nucleotides, the fold of each protein is similar to the folds of mononucleotide-(χ) or dinucleotide-(ψ) binding proteins, without marked similarity to the structures of the clamp-loader subunits. Genes encoding χ and ψ proteins are found to be readily identifiable in several bacterial genomes and sequence alignments showed that residues at the χ:ψ interface are highly conserved in both proteins, suggesting that the heterodimeric interaction is of functional significance. The conservation of surface-exposed residues is restricted to the interfacial region and to just two other regions in the χ:ψ complex. One of the conserved regions was found to be located on χ, distal to the ψ interaction region, and we identified this as the binding site for a C-terminal segment of the single-stranded DNA-binding protein. The other region of sequence conservation is localized to an N-terminal segment of ψ (26 residues) that is disordered in the crystal structure. We speculate that ψ is linked to the clamp-loader complex by this flexible, but conserved, N-terminal segment, and that the χ:ψ unit is linked to the single-stranded DNA-binding protein via the distal surface of χ. The base of the clamp-loader complex has an open C-shaped structure, and the shape of the χ:ψ complex is suggestive of a loose docking within the crevice formed by the open faces of the δ and δ′ subunits of the clamp-loader. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - clamp loader
KW  - dna replication
KW  - processivity
N1  - Accession Number: 11873859; Gulbis, Jacqueline M. 1; Kazmirski, Steven L. 2,3; Finkelstein, Jeffm 4; Kelman, Zvi 4; O′Donnell, Mike 4; Kuriyan, John 2,3; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Source Information: Jan2004, Vol. 271 Issue 2, p439; Subject: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject: DNA polymerases; Subject: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject: CARRIER proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: clamp loader; Author-Supplied Keyword: dna replication; Author-Supplied Keyword: processivity; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03944.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Hodgson, Alfred T.
AU  - Hotchi, Toshifumi
AU  - Kim, Janice J.
T1  - Passive measurement of nitrogen oxides to assess traffic-related pollutant exposure for the East Bay Children's Respiratory Health Study
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/01/21/
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The East Bay Children''s Respiratory Health Study is examining associations between traffic-related pollutant exposures and respiratory health among children who reside and attend schools at varied proximity to northern California freeways. Chronic exposures are being inferred from outdoor pollutant concentrations at neighborhood schools. This paper reports primarily weeklong integrated NO2 and NOX concentrations measured with passive samplers placed outside at 10 elementary schools during 14 weeks in spring and 8 weeks in fall 2001. Measurements were also made outside selected student residences to examine spatial variability within three school neighborhoods. Regional concentrations of NO2 and NOX varied widely from week to week. School site data were normalized to measurements at a nearby regional monitoring station to facilitate analysis of relative pollutant exposures at the neighborhood schools. Normalized concentrations were consistent at each school throughout the study. Schools located upwind or far downwind of freeways were generally indistinguishable from one another and regional pollution levels. For school and neighborhood sites within 350 m downwind of a freeway, concentrations increased with decreasing downwind distance. The highest normalized concentrations occurred at a school located directly adjacent to a major freeway and a shopping center. In this case, normalized NO2 and NOX were ∼60% and ∼100% higher than regional background levels. At three schools within 130–230 m downwind of a freeway, normalized NO2 and NOX were ∼20–30% and ∼50–80% higher than regional levels. Validation testing of the passive samplers indicated precision of better than 5% for both NO2 and NOX when samplers were deployed outside for 1-week periods. Passive sampler results agreed with co-located chemiluminescence measurements to within 8% for NO2 and 3% for NOX. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Respiratory organs
KW  - Medical care
KW  - California
KW  - United States
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Passive sampler
KW  - Schools
N1  - Accession Number: 11571793; Singer, Brett C. 1; Email Address: bcsinger@lbl.gov; Hodgson, Alfred T. 2; Hotchi, Toshifumi 2; Kim, Janice J. 3; Affiliations: 1 : E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Atmospheric Sciences Department, MS 51-208, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Indoor Environment Department, Berkeley, CA, USA; 3 : Air Toxicology and Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA;  Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p393; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Respiratory organs; Subject Term: Medical care; Subject: California; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Freeways; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passive sampler; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schools; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nguyen, Jeffrey H.
AU  - Holmes, Neil C.
T1  - Melting of iron at the physical conditions of the Earth's core.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6972
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 342
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Seismological data can yield physical properties of the Earth's core, such as its size and seismic anisotropy. A well-constrained iron phase diagram, however, is essential to determine the temperatures at core boundaries and the crystal structure of the solid inner core. To date, the iron phase diagram at high pressure has been investigated experimentally through both laser-heated diamond-anvil cell and shock-compression techniques, as well as through theoretical calculations. Despite these contributions, a consensus on the melt line or the high-pressure, high-temperature phase of iron is lacking. Here we report new and re-analysed sound velocity measurements of shock-compressed iron at Earth-core conditions. We show that melting starts at 225 ± 3?GPa (5,100 ± 500?K) and is complete at 260 ± 3?GPa (6,100 ± 500?K), both on the Hugoniot curve-the locus of shock-compressed states. This new melting pressure is lower than previously reported, and we find no evidence for a previously reported solid-solid phase transition on the Hugoniot curve near 200?GPa (ref. 16). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12046916; Nguyen, Jeffrey H. 1; Email Address: nguyen29@llnl.gov; Holmes, Neil C. 1; Source Information: 1/22/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6972, p339; Subject: IRON; Subject: PHASE diagrams; Subject: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject: STATISTICAL physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02248
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, C. W.
AU  - Zoch, J.
AU  - Gossard, A. C.
AU  - Chemla, D. S.
T1  - Phase Diagram of Degenerate Exciton Systems.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/01/23/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5657
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 506
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Degenerate exciton systems have been produced in quasi-two-dimensional confined areas in semiconductor coupled quantum well structures. We observed contractions of clouds containing tens of thousands of excitons within areas as small as (10 µm)² near 10 kelvin. The spatial and energy distributions of optically active excitons were determined by measuring photoluminescence as a function of temperature and laser excitation and were used as thermodynamic quantities to construct the phase diagram of the exciton system, which demonstrates the existence of distinct phases. Under- f: standing the formation mechanisms of these degenerate exciton systems can open new opportunities for the realization of Bose-Einstein condensation in the solid state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - SPECTRAL energy distribution
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - BOSE-Einstein condensation
N1  - Accession Number: 12186462; Lai, C. W. 1,2; Email Address: celai@lbl.gov; Zoch, J. 3; Gossard, A. C. 4; Chemla, D. S. 1,2,3; Source Information: 1/23/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5657, p503; Subject: EXCITON theory; Subject: PHASE diagrams; Subject: QUANTUM wells; Subject: SPECTRAL energy distribution; Subject: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject: BOSE-Einstein condensation; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3966
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savina, Michael R.
AU  - Davis, Andrew M.
AU  - Tripa, C. Emil
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
AU  - Gallino, Roberte
AU  - Lewis, Roy S.
AU  - Amari, Sachiko
T1  - Extinct Technetium in Silicon Carbide Stardust Grains:Implications for Stellar Nucleosynthesis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5658
M3  - Article
SP  - 649
EP  - 652
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The isotopic composition of ruthenium (Ru) in individual presolar silicon carbide (SiC) stardust grains bears the signature of s-process nucleosynthesis in asymptotic giant branch stars, plus an anomaly in "Ru that is explained by the in situ decay of technetium isotope [sup99]Tc in the grains. This finding, coupled with the observation of Tc spectral lines in certain stars, shows that the majority of presolar SiC grains come from low-mass asymptotic giant branch stars, and that the amount of "Tc produced in such stars is insufficient to have left a detectable [sup99]Ru anomaly in early solar system materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
KW  - TECHNETIUM isotopes
KW  - STARS
KW  - SOLAR system
N1  - Accession Number: 12256056; Savina, Michael R. 1; Email Address: msavina@anl.gov; Davis, Andrew M. 2,3; Tripa, C. Emil 1,2; Pellin, Michael J. 1; Gallino, Roberte 4; Lewis, Roy S. 2; Amari, Sachiko 5; Source Information: 1/30/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5658, p649; Subject: RUTHENIUM; Subject: SILICON carbide; Subject: NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; Subject: TECHNETIUM isotopes; Subject: STARS; Subject: SOLAR system; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3136
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuo, I-Feng W.
AU  - Mundy, Christopher J.
T1  - An ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study of the AqueousLiquid-Vapor Interface.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5658
M3  - Article
SP  - 658
EP  - 660
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We present an ab initio molecular dynamics simulation of the aqueous liquidvapor interface. Having successfully stabilized a region of bulk water in the center of a water slab, we were able to reproduce and further quantify the experimentally observed abundance of surface "acceptor-only" (19%) and "single-donor" (66%) moieties as well as substantial surface relaxation approaching the liquid-vapor interface. Examination of the orientational dynamics points to a faster relaxation in the interfacial region. Furthermore, the average value of the dipole decreases and the average value of the highest occupied molecular orbital for each water molecule increases approaching the liquidvapor interface. Our results support the idea that the surface contains, on average, far more reactive states than the bulk. Although the nature of bulk liquid water itself remains incompletely understood, there is a more pressing need to characterize water in more complex environments. In particular, the interfaces between liquid water and hydrophobic material or air engender important phenomena in biology (1-5) and atmospheric science (6, 7), respectively. These two interfaces seem to have much in common (7), and both are currently the subject of intense scrutiny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - VAPOR-liquid equilibrium
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - WATER
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12256059; Kuo, I-Feng W. 1; Mundy, Christopher J. 1; Email Address: mundy2@llnl.gov; Source Information: 1/30/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5658, p658; Subject: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject: VAPOR-liquid equilibrium; Subject: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject: WATER; Subject: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2835
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Wang, GJ;
AU  - Volkow, ND;
AU  - Chang, L;
AU  - Miller, E;
AU  - Fowler, JS;
AU  - et al;
T1  - Partial recovery of brain metabolism in methamphetamine abusers after protracted abstinence
CT  - Partial recovery of brain metabolism in methamphetamine abusers after protracted abstinence
JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry
JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry
Y1  - 2004/02/01/
VL  - 161
IS  - Feb
SP  - 242
EP  - 248
SN  - 0002953X
AD  - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973, USA gjwang@bnl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 41-13141; Language: English; Chemical Name: Methamphetamine--537-46-2; Therapeutic Class: (28:20); AHFS Class: Central nervous system stimulants Methamphetamine; References: 27; Publication Type: Proceedings; Journal Coden: AJPSAO; Section Heading: Toxicity
N2  - In this study, the authors assessed whether brain metabolism recovers with protracted abstinence from methamphetamine. Brain glucose metabolism was measured in 5 methamphetamine abusers who were evaluated after both a short (<6 months) and protracted (12-17 months) abstinence interval, 8 methamphetamine abusers tested only after protracted abstinence, and 11 comparison subjects who were not drug users. Results suggest that while protracted abstinence may reverse some of the methamphetamine-induced alterations in brain function, other deficits persist.
KW  - Methamphetamine--toxicity-;
KW  - Drug abuse--methamphetamine;
KW  - Drug withdrawal--methamphetamine;
KW  - Toxicity--methamphetamine;
KW  - Central nervous system stimulants--methamphetamine;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, G.R.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Anscombe, F.R.
T1  - Fugitive mercury emissions from a chlor-alkali factory: sources and fluxes to the atmosphere
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 597
SN  - 13522310
AB  - During winter 2000, a multi-organization research team assessed fugitive (non-stack) mercury air emissions at a chlor-alkali factory in the US using a variety of sophisticated mercury vapor analyzers to assess fugitive air emissions of mercury. The team obtained mercury data over a 9-day period from inside the factory, with the first known concurrent awareness of manufacturing operations. Emissions were measured from the roof vent, the open-sided basement below the production cells, and from surrounding soils and sealed waste ponds. Some emphasis was also placed on assessing the spatial distribution of Hg concentrations within an operating cell room. The team used real-time and near-real-time Hg analyzers including a Tekran 5-min integrated sampler modified for cell-room use, Lumex RA915+ and Jerome 431-X portable Hg analyzers, and a long-path integrating DOAS system for gaseous elemental Hg, coupled with an optical anemometer for measuring vent-averaged air flow rates. The integrated beam (DOAS) and point measurements of Hg° compared favorably.One principal finding is that fugitive air emissions from the cell-room roof vent are episodic and vary with factory operating conditions (maintenance and minor operational perturbations). Therefore, air emissions are likely to vary widely among factories on a worldwide basis, in accordance with operating procedures followed at each. Properly positioned, real-time mercury vapor analyzers are potentially valuable tools to locate small-scale process leaks, and to estimate overall emissions from the cell-room building. A preliminary estimate of daily fugitive Hg emissions during this period (∼400–600 g d−1) indicated that the bulk of the atmospheric loss was emitted from the roof vent of the main production building. Sealed waste ponds were not important sources, emitting Hg at rates comparable to background soils. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality
KW  - United States
KW  - Atmospheric emissions monitoring
KW  - Chlor-alkali
KW  - Mercury fluxes
KW  - Mercury sources
N1  - Accession Number: 11605778; Southworth, G.R. 1; Email Address: southworthgr@ornl.gov; Lindberg, S.E. 1; Zhang, H. 2; Anscombe, F.R. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division Building, 1505 MS 6036, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; 2 : Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, USA; 3 : US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Great Lakes Program Office, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL 60604, USA;  Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p597; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric emissions monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlor-alkali; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury sources; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.057
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kinsey, John S.
AU  - Anscombe, F.R.
AU  - Lindberg, Steven E.
AU  - Southworth, George R.
T1  - Characterization of the fugitive mercury emissions at a chlor-alkali plant: overall study design
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
SN  - 13522310
AB  - In February 2000, a detailed measurement campaign was conducted over a 9-day period within a mercury (Hg) cell chlor-alkali plant in the southeastern United States (US). The principal focus of this study was to determine the fugitive (non-ducted) airborne Hg emissions from the main production equipment located in the “cell building” during extended period operations, including maintenance events. Other Hg monitoring conducted in and around the plant also included surveys of process areas surrounding the cell building, measurement of Hg fluxes from soil and other exposed surfaces, and speciated Hg measurements of ambient air both “upwind” and “downwind” of the production area as well as the determination of Hg contained in output products and wastes. The study was a collaborative effort among scientists from the US Environmental Protection Agency, the US Department of Energy''s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the University of Michigan. This paper provides a description of the facility, the rationale and design of the study, and an introduction to companion papers containing the observational data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality
KW  - United States
KW  - Atmospheric emissions
KW  - Chlor-alkali plants
KW  - Measurement methods
KW  - Mercury speciation
KW  - Mercury vapor
N1  - Accession Number: 11605781; Kinsey, John S. 1; Email Address: kinsey.john@epa.gov; Anscombe, F.R. 2; Lindberg, Steven E. 3; Southworth, George R. 3; Affiliations: 1 : National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Mail Drop E 343-02, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA; 2 : US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Great Lakes Program Office, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL 60604, USA; 3 : US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA;  Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p633; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlor-alkali plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Measurement methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury speciation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury vapor; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.059
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bekaert, Jeroen
AU  - Balakireva, Lyudmila
AU  - Hochstenbach, Patrick
AU  - Van de Sompel, Herbert
T1  - Using MPEG-21 DIP and NISO OpenURL for the Dynamic Dissemination of Complex Digital Objects in the Los Alamos National Laboratory Digital Library.
JO  - D-Lib Magazine
JF  - D-Lib Magazine
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10829873
AB  - This paper focuses on the use of NISO OpenURL and MPEG-21 Digital Item Processing (DIP) to disseminate complex objects and their contained assets, in a repository architecture designed for the Research Library of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. In the architecture, the MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration Language (DIDL) is used as the XML-based format to represent complex digital objects. Through an ingestion process, these objects are stored in a multitude of autonomous OAI-PMH repositories. An OAI-PMH compliant Repository Index keeps track of the creation and location of all those repositories, whereas an Identifier Resolver keeps track of the location of individual complex objects and contained assets. An MPEG-21 DIP Engine and an OpenURL Resolver facilitate the delivery of various disseminations of the stored objects. While these aspects of the architecture are described in the context of the LANL library, the paper will also briefly touch on their more general applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of D-Lib Magazine is the property of Corporation for National Research Initiatives and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC information resources
KW  - LIBRARIES
KW  - XML (Document markup language)
KW  - VOICEXML (Document markup language)
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ARCHITECTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 15998446; Bekaert, Jeroen 1,2; Email Address: jbekaert@lanl.gov; Balakireva, Lyudmila 1; Email Address: ludab@lanl.gov; Hochstenbach, Patrick 1; Email Address: hochsten@lanl.gov; Van de Sompel, Herbert 1; Email Address: herbertv@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Research Library.; 2 : Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering.;  Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p1; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC information resources; Thesaurus Term: LIBRARIES; Thesaurus Term: XML (Document markup language); Thesaurus Term: VOICEXML (Document markup language); Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURE; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hunger, Stefan
AU  - Cho, Herman
AU  - Sims, James T.
AU  - Sparks, Donald L.
T1  - Direct Speciation of Phosphorus in Alum-Amended Poultry Utter: Solid-State 31P NMR Investigation.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 674
EP  - 681
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Amending poultry litter (PL) with aluminum sulfate (alum) has proven to be effective in reducing water-soluble phosphorus (P) in the litter and in runoff from fields that have received PL applications; it has therefore been suggested as a best management practice. Although its effectiveness has been demonstrated on a macroscopic scale in the field, little is known about P speciation in either alum-amended or unamended lifter. This knowledge is important for the evaluation of the long-term stability and bioavailability of P, which is a necessary prerequisite for the assessment of the sustainability of intensive poultry operations. Both solid-state MAS and CP-MAS [sup31P NMR as well as [sup31]P {[sup27]Al}-TRAPDOR were used to investigate P speciation in alum-amended and unamended PL. The results indicate the presence of a complex mixture of organic and inorganic orthophosphate phases. A calcium phosphate phase, probably a surface precipitate on calcium carbonate, could be identified in both unamended and alum-amended PL, as well as physically bound HPO[sub4,sup2-]. Phosphate associated with Al was found in the alum-amended PL most probably a mixture of a poorly ordered wavellite and phosphate surface complexes on aluminum hydroxide that had been formed by the hydrolysis of alum. However, a complex mixture of organic and inorganic phosphate species could not be resolved. Phosphate associated with Al comprised on average 40 ± 14% of the total P in alum-amended PL, whereas calcium phosphate phases comprised on average 7 ± 4% in the alum-amended PL and 14 ± 5% in the unamended PL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WASTE management
KW  - POULTRY industry
KW  - ALUMINUM sulfate
KW  - LITTER (Trash)
KW  - PHOSPHORUS -- Toxicology
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL toxicology
N1  - Accession Number: 12388774; Hunger, Stefan 1; Email Address: s.hunger@earth.leeds.ac.uk; Cho, Herman 2; Sims, James T. 3; Sparks, Donald L. 3; Affiliations: 1: School of Earth Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.; 2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richiand, Washington 99352.; 3: Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717.; Issue Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p674; Thesaurus Term: WASTE management; Thesaurus Term: POULTRY industry; Subject Term: ALUMINUM sulfate; Subject Term: LITTER (Trash); Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS -- Toxicology; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL toxicology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413130 Poultry and egg merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411110 Live animal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311615 Poultry Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112390 Other Poultry Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 445210 Meat Markets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rejna, Rachel G.
AU  - Leri, Alessandra C.
AU  - Myneni, Satish C. B.
T1  - Cl k-edge X-ray Spectroscopic Investigation of Enzymatic Formation of Organochlorines in Weathering Plant Material.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 783
EP  - 789
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The contribution of halocarbons from plant weathering to the total organohalogen budget of terrestrial systems is gaining recognition. To evaluate the formation of such halocarbons, speciation of chlorine in Sequoia sempervirens (redwood) needles was examined in the presence of an external chloroperoxidase (CPO) enzyme using Cl K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The Cl forms in fresh and naturally weathered needles and in model laboratory reactions were compared. To provide a straightforward analogue to the enzymatic chlorination in plants, chlorination reactions were conducted for phenol, a common moiety of plant macromolecules. Plant material chlorination was also examined in the presence of hypochlorite in an ancillary mechanistic investigation. The dominant form of Cl in fresh, unreacted plant material was found to be inorganic Cl[sup-], which was partially converted to organochlorine in the presence of CPO. Chlorination is affected by the nature of reactant (CPO, H[sub2]O[sub2]) addition, reaction time, and temperature. The organochlorines produced in these laboratory investigations closely resemble those produced during the natural weathering of redwood needles. A striking consistency in chlorine speciation observed among the various sample types suggests that (i) CPO produced by terrestrial organisms could play a vital role in the generation of organochlorines associated with the degradation of plant material and (ii) initial targets of enzymatic chlorination might include lignin-like macromolecules rich in aromatic character and hydroxyl groups. These findings lend further credibility to a significant biogenic contribution to the global organohalogen burden by elucidating a probable route of enzymatic chlorination of natural organic matter in terrestrial systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANOCHLORINE compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL weathering
KW  - GIANT sequoia
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - PHENOLS -- Physiological effect
KW  - CHLORINATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12388789; Rejna, Rachel G. 1; Leri, Alessandra C. 2; Myneni, Satish C. B. 1,2,3,4; Email Address: smyneni@princeton.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544.; 2: Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544.; 3: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544.; 4: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, I Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Issue Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p783; Subject Term: ORGANOCHLORINE compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL weathering; Subject Term: GIANT sequoia; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: PHENOLS -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: CHLORINATION; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
T1  - Numerical Simulation of Reactive Flow in Hot Aquifers: Christoph Clauser (Ed.); Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, ISBN 3-540-43868-8, hard back, €169-95, US$179, 332 pages
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 213
EP  - 215
SN  - 03756505
N1  - Accession Number: 22382810; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: k_pruess@lbl.gov; Xu, Tianfu 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 33 Issue 1/2, p213; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bleck, Rainer
AU  - Sun, Shan
T1  - Diagnostics of the oceanic thermohaline circulation in a coupled climate model
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 09218181
AB  - Two century-scale integrations of a global coupled model consisting of the GISS atmospheric model and the HYCOM ocean model are carried out: a control run assuming fixed atmospheric composition, and a perturbation run assuming gradual doubling of CO2. The model does not use flux corrections at the air–sea interface, nor is the ocean “spun up” prior to coupling. When increasing CO2 at the rate of 1% per year to twice its original level and keeping it constant thereafter, the model responds with a 2 °C increase in 200 years in the global mean surface air temperature and a virtually unchanged Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC). Due to the predominantly isopycnic character of HYCOM, geographic details of the 3-D thermohaline circulation in potential density space can be extracted from the model output with relative ease. The analysis confirms that even regional details of the MOC in this experiment are rather insensitive to the climate change brought on by CO2 doubling. Furthermore, the analysis reveals strong similarities between the simulated and the observed MOC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Atmospheric models
KW  - Geography
KW  - Climate model
KW  - HYCOM
KW  - Oceanic thermohaline circulation
N1  - Accession Number: 11536625; Bleck, Rainer 1; Email Address: bleck@lanl.gov; Sun, Shan 2; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B296, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2 : Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA;  Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 40 Issue 3/4, p233; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Atmospheric models; Subject Term: Geography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate model; Author-Supplied Keyword: HYCOM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oceanic thermohaline circulation; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003.04.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yocky, David A.
AU  - Wahl, Daniel E.
AU  - Jakowatz Jr., Charles V.
T1  - Terrain Elevation Mapping Results From Airborne Spotlight-Mode Coherent Cross-Track SAR Stereo.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 308
SN  - 01962892
AB  - Coherent cross-track synthetic aperture radar (SAR) stereo is shown to produce high-resolution three-dimensional maps of the earth surface. This mode utilizes image pairs with common synthetic apertures but different squint angles allowing automated stereo correspondence and disparity estimation using complex correlation calculations. This paper presents two Ku-band, coherent cross-track stereo collects over rolling and rugged terrain. The first collect generates a digital elevation map (DEM) with 1-m posts over rolling terrain using complex SAR imagery with spatial resolution of 0.125 m and a stereo convergence angle of 13.8°. The second collect produces multiple DEMs with 3-rn posts over rugged terrain utilizing complex SAR imagery with spatial resolutions better than 0.5 m and stereo convergence angles greater than 40°. The resulting DEMS are compared to ground-truth DEMS and relative height root-mean-square (RMS), linear error 90-percent confidence (LE9O), and maximum height error are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTH (Planet) -- Surface
KW  - MAPS
KW  - SYNTHETIC aperture radar
KW  - ALTITUDES
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - CARTOGRAPHY
KW  - Automation
KW  - coherent processing
KW  - DEM
KW  - spotlight mode SAR
KW  - stereo SAR
KW  - terrain mapping.
N1  - Accession Number: 12444295; Yocky, David A. 1; Email Address: dayocky@sandia.gov; Wahl, Daniel E. 1; Jakowatz Jr., Charles V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1207 USA.; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p301; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet) -- Surface; Subject Term: MAPS; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC aperture radar; Subject Term: ALTITUDES; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: CARTOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automation; Author-Supplied Keyword: coherent processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: DEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: spotlight mode SAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: stereo SAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: terrain mapping.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541360 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TGRS.2003.817683
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kargupta, Hillol
AU  - Park, Byung-Hoon
T1  - A Fourier Spectrum-Based Approach to Represent Decision Trees for Mining Data Streams in Mobile Environments.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
PY  - 2004/02//
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
EP  - 229
SN  - 10414347
AB  - This paper presents a novel Fourier analysis-based approach to combine, transmit, and visualize decision trees in a mobile environment. Fourier representation of a decision tree has several interesting properties that are particularly useful for mining data streams from small mobile computing devices connected through limited-bandwidth wireless networks. This paper presents algorithms to compute the Fourier spectrum of a decision tree and outlines a technique to construct a decision tree from its Fourier spectrum. It offers a framework to aggregate decision trees in their Fourier representations. It also describes the MobiMine, a mobile data stream mining system, that uses the developed techniques for mining stock-market data from handheld devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECISION trees
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - DATA mining
KW  - MOBILE computing
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - STOCK exchanges
KW  - DIGITAL communications
N1  - Accession Number: 12313478; Source Information: Feb2004, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p216; Subject Term: DECISION trees; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: DATA mining; Subject Term: MOBILE computing; Subject Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Subject Term: STOCK exchanges; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 14p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sadrozinski, Hartmut F. -W.
AU  - BashkIrov, Vladimir
AU  - Keeney, Brian
AU  - Johnson, Leah R.
AU  - Peggs, Stephen G.
AU  - Ross, Gabe
AU  - Satogata, Todd
AU  - Schulte, Reinhard W. M.
AU  - Seiden, Abraham
AU  - Shanazi, Kabiz
AU  - Williams, David C.
T1  - Toward Proton Computed Tomography.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 9
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Proton therapy, long regarded as a superior method of radiation therapy, is now becoming more cost effective and is being used in a number of clinical centers around the world. In light of this development the use of the proton beam itself should be considered for the most accurate method of treatment planning. X-ray computed tomography (XCT), which is widely available, has been used for the treatment planning for proton therapy. The basic interactions of XCT in matter are fundamentally different than those of the protons. Thus, the resulting density map from XCT is only an approximation of the true density map for proton therapy. Progress in proton computed tomography (pCT) is presented in this work. The experimental requirements for pCT are examined, and data analysis and Monte Carlo simulations are used to estimate the feasibility of pCT as an imaging modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RADIOTHERAPY
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - NUMERICAL calculations
KW  - Proton radiation effects
KW  - tomography.
N1  - Accession Number: 13070509; Sadrozinski, Hartmut F. -W. 1; Email Address: hartmut@scipp.ucsc.edu; BashkIrov, Vladimir 2; Email Address: vbashkirov@dominion.llumc.edu; Keeney, Brian 1; Email Address: bkeeney@scipp.ucsc.edu; Johnson, Leah R. 1; Email Address: leah@scipp.ucsc.edu; Peggs, Stephen G. 3; Email Address: peggs@bnl.gov; Ross, Gabe 1; Email Address: gabe@scipp.ucsc.edu; Satogata, Todd 3; Email Address: satogata@bnl.gov; Schulte, Reinhard W. M. 2; Email Address: rschulte@dominion.llumc.edu; Seiden, Abraham 1; Email Address: abs@scipp.ucsc.edu; Shanazi, Kabiz 2; Email Address: kshanazi@dominion.llumc.edu; Williams, David C. 1; Email Address: davidw@scipp.ucsc.edu; Affiliations: 1: Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; 2: Department of Radiation Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA.; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Feb2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p3; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RADIOTHERAPY; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: NUMERICAL calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: tomography.; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.823044
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Yongho
AU  - Woo Seok Kang
AU  - Jin Myung Park
AU  - Sang Hee Hong
AU  - Young-hoon Song
AU  - Seock Joon Kim
T1  - Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Streamers in Pulsed Corona and Dielectric Barrier Discharges.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 24
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Streamer characteristics have been experlinentaily and numerically analyzed for pulsed-corona discharge (PCD) and dielectric-bather discharge (DBD) to find out how the discharge methods determine them and how they, in turn, affect the generation of radicals in flue gases. Experiments have been performed and compared for decomposition of a nitrogen oxide (NO) using PCD and DBD, and the electric field and average electron energy in the streamer are measured in each discharge by using line ratio of N2+ to N2. The measured results of electron energy reasonably explain in tennis of "G-value" how the measured NO removal efficiencies have come out. The PCD having high electron energy turns out to be more efficient for generating N radicals, whereas the DBD containing relatively low electron energy is more effective for producing 0 radicals. Three-dimensional (3-D) and one-dimensional (1-D) numerical simulations have been carried out to understand the observed streamer dynamics in both the PCI) and DBD reactors. The 3-D numerical simulation has successfully illustrated the images of streamer front propagation in a wire-cylinder PCD reactor. In the 1-D simulation for the DBD, the recurrence phenomena of streamers have numerically appeared during the rising phase of an ac voltage. Furthermore, these numerical models have properly predicted the electric fields that are comparable with the corresponding average electron energies estimated from the emission spectral measurements for the PCD and DED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - CORONA (Electricity)
KW  - Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)
KW  - nitrogen oxide (NO) decomposition
KW  - numerical modeling
KW  - optical emission spectroscopy
KW  - pulsed corona discharge (PCD)
KW  - streamer characteristics.
N1  - Accession Number: 13120653; Kim, Yongho 1; Email Address: yhkim@lanl.gov; Woo Seok Kang 2; Jin Myung Park 3; Sang Hee Hong 3; Email Address: hongsh@snu.ac.kr; Young-hoon Song 4; Seock Joon Kim 4; Affiliations: 1: Plasma Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: korea Institute of Science and Technology Evaluation and Planning, Seoul 137-130, Korea.; 3: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.; 4: Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 305-343, Korea.; Issue Info: Feb2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: CORONA (Electricity); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD); Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen oxide (NO) decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical emission spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsed corona discharge (PCD); Author-Supplied Keyword: streamer characteristics.; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.823960
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goncharov, Alexey A.
AU  - Brown, Ian G.
T1  - High-Current Heavy Ion Beams in the Electrostatic Plasma Lens.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
EP  - 83
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We describe applications of the electrostatic plasma lens for manipulating and focusing moderate-energy, high-current, broad, heavy ion beams. Use of a plasma lens in this way has been successfully demonstrated in a series of experiments carried out collaboratively between the Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, in recent years. Mere, we briefly review the plasma lens fundamentals, peculiarities of focusing heavy ion beams, and summarize some recent developments (experiments, computer simulations, theory). We show that there is a very narrow range of low magnetic field for which the optical properties of the lens improve markedly. This opens up some attractive possibilities for the development of a new-generation compact lens based on permanent magnets. Preliminary experimental results obtained at Kiev and Berkeley on the operation of a permanent magnet plasma lens for manipulating wide aperture high-current heavy ion beams are presented and summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - IONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - UKRAINE
KW  - Heavy ion beams
KW  - high-current ion beams
KW  - ion manipulation
KW  - ion-beam focusing
KW  - plasma lens
KW  - plasma optics.
N1  - Accession Number: 13120662; Goncharov, Alexey A. 1; Email Address: kgonchar@iop.kiev.ua; Brown, Ian G. 2; Email Address: igbrown@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Insutute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine, kiev 01650, Ukraine.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Issue Info: Feb2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p80; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject: UKRAINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-current ion beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion manipulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion-beam focusing; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma lens; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma optics.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.823903
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13120662&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Intrator, T. P.
AU  - Park, Jaeyoung Y.
AU  - Degnan, James H.
AU  - Furno, I.
AU  - Grabowski, Chris
AU  - Hsu, S. C.
AU  - Ruden, Edward L.
AU  - Sanchez, P. G.
AU  - Taccetti, J. Martin
AU  - Tuszewski, M.
AU  - Waganaar, W. J.
AU  - Wurden, Glen A.
AU  - Zhang, Shouyin Y.
AU  - Zhehui Wang
T1  - A High-Density Field Reversed Configuration Plasma for Magnetized Target Fusion.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 152
EP  - 160
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We describe a program to demonstrate the scientific basis of magnetized target fusion (MTF). MTF is a "potentially low-cost path to fusion which is intermediate in plasma regime between magnetic (MFE) and inertial fusion energy (IFE). MTF involves the Compression of a magnetized target plasma and pressure times volume (PdV) heating to fusion relevant conditions inside a converging flux conserving boundary. We have chosen to demonstrate MTF by using a field-reversed configuration (FRC) as our magnetized target plasma and an imploding metal liner for compression. These choices take advantage of significant past scientific and technical accomplishments in MFE and defense programs research and should yield substantial plasma performance (nr > 1013 s-cm³ T > 5 key) using an available pulsed-power implosion facility at modest cost. We have recently shown the density, temperature, and lifetime of this FRC to be within a factor of 2-3 of that required for use as a suitable target plasma for MIT compression for a fusion demonstration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Field-reversed configuration
KW  - fusion energy
KW  - magnetized target fusion (MTF).
N1  - Accession Number: 13120671; Intrator, T. P. 1; Email Address: intrator@lanl.gov; Park, Jaeyoung Y. 1; Degnan, James H. 2; Furno, I. 1; Grabowski, Chris 2; Hsu, S. C. 1; Ruden, Edward L. 2; Sanchez, P. G. 1; Taccetti, J. Martin 1; Tuszewski, M. 1; Waganaar, W. J. 1; Wurden, Glen A. 1; Zhang, Shouyin Y. 1; Zhehui Wang 1; Affiliations: 1: P-24 Plasma Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland, NM 87117 USA.; Issue Info: Feb2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p152; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field-reversed configuration; Author-Supplied Keyword: fusion energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetized target fusion (MTF).; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.823974
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dong, L.
AU  - Crow, M. L.
AU  - Yang, Z.
AU  - Shen, C.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Atcitty, S.
T1  - A Reconfigurable FACTS System for University Laboratories.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
PY  - 2004/02//
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
EP  - 128
SN  - 08858950
AB  - To fully understand the dynamic performance of the multiple flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) devices, a hardware setup is needed to complement software simulation for university research laboratories. This paper presents the schematic and basic controls of a reconfigurable FACTS system that can be used to realize the major voltage-sourced-converter FACTS topologies: the StatCom, the static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), and the unified power-flow controller (UPFC). Furthermore, the state models and control algorithms for the FACTS devices are proposed. The digital signal processor (DSP)-based control system enables new control methods to be rapidly implemented. The comparison of the experimental, and simulation results is also provided to verify the proposed controls. The paper culminates in a list of suggested experiments appropriate for an elective/graduate course in electric power systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLEXIBLE AC transmission systems
KW  - POWER electronics
KW  - INTERCONNECTED electric utility systems
KW  - ELECTRIC power transmission -- Alternating current
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - ELECTRIC power
N1  - Accession Number: 12470838; Source Information: Feb2004, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p120; Subject Term: FLEXIBLE AC transmission systems; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTED electric utility systems; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power transmission -- Alternating current; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TPWRS.2003.821022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Love, Lonnie J.
AU  - Book, Wayne J.
T1  - Force Reflecting Teleoperation with Adaptive Impedance Control.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics: Part B
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics: Part B
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics: Part B
PY  - 2004/02//
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 165
SN  - 10834419
AB  - Experimentation and a survey of the literature clearly show that contact stability in a force reflecting teleoperation system requires high levels of damping on the master robot. However, excessive damping increases the energy required by an operator for commanding motion. The objective of this paper is to describe a new force reflecting teleoperation methodology that reduces operator energy requirements without sacrificing stability. We begin by describing a new approach to modeling and identifying the remote environment of the teleoperation system. We combine a conventional multi-input, multi-output recursive least squares (MIMO-RLS) system identification, identifying in real-time the remote environment impedance, with a discretized representation of the remote environment. This methodology generates a time-varying, position-dependent representation of the remote environment dynamics. Next, we adapt the target impedance of the master robot with respect to the dynamic model of the remote environment. The environment estimation and impedance adaptation are executed simultaneously and in real time. We demonstrate, through experimentation, that this approach significantly reduces the energy required by an operator to execute remote tasks while simultaneously providing sufficient damping to ensure contact stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics: Part B is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADAPTIVE control systems
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - SELF-organizing systems
KW  - SYSTEM identification
KW  - FEEDBACK control systems
KW  - ROBOTS
N1  - Accession Number: 12335595; Source Information: Feb2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p159; Subject Term: ADAPTIVE control systems; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Subject Term: SELF-organizing systems; Subject Term: SYSTEM identification; Subject Term: FEEDBACK control systems; Subject Term: ROBOTS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 7p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TSMCB.2003.811756
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chao, Dennis L.
AU  - Davenport, Miles P.
AU  - Forrest, Stephanie
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Special Feature Modelling the impact of antigen kinetics on T-cell activation and response.
JO  - Immunology & Cell Biology
JF  - Immunology & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 61
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 08189641
AB  - Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses are thought to be important for the control of many viral and other infections. Qualitative aspects of the CTL response, including the epitope specificity, affinity, and clonal composition, may affect the ability of T cells to mediate infection control. Although it is clear that the mode of introduction and the dose of antigen can affect these qualitative aspects of the response, little is understood of the mechanisms. We have developed an in silico model of the CTL response, which we use to study the impact of antigen dose, antigen kinetics and repeated antigen delivery on the response. The results suggest that recent observations on differences in response to killed antigen can be explained simply by differences in timing of T-cell activation. These findings may provide insight into how different vaccination strategies can quantitatively and qualitatively affect the outcome of the immune response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology & Cell Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - VACCINATION
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - antigen kinetics
KW  - cell activation
KW  - computer modeling
KW  - cytotoxic t lymphocytes
KW  - t&shy
KW  - vaccination
N1  - Accession Number: 12119268; Chao, Dennis L. 1; Email Address: dlchao@cs.unm.edu; Davenport, Miles P. 2; Forrest, Stephanie 1,3; Perelson, Alan S. 4; Source Information: Feb2004, Vol. 82 Issue 1, p55; Subject: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention; Subject: IMMUNE response; Subject: ANTIGENS; Subject: VACCINATION; Subject: IMMUNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: antigen kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: cell activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytotoxic t lymphocytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: t&shy; Author-Supplied Keyword: vaccination; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2004.01207.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=12119268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
AU  - Folks, Karen J.
AU  - Kirvel, Robert D.
AU  - Daniels, Jeffrey I.
AU  - Bogen, Kenneth T.
T1  - How clean is clean enough? Recent developments in response to threats posed by chemical and biological warfare agents.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 41
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09603123
AB  - Recent terrorist events underscore the urgent need to develop a comprehensive set of health-protective cleanup standards and effective decontamination technologies for use in the restoration of civilian facilities. Accurate scientific information remains limited in the area of biological warfare agents. However, new guidelines and calculated cleanup values are emerging for initial re-entry and long-term reoccupation following use of chemical warfare agents. This article addresses airborne, soil, and surface exposures following release of G-type chemical warfare agents and VX. Cleanup goals should be tailored to the type of population that may be exposed, potential exposure times, and other scenario-specific considerations. Three different airborne concentrations are proposed for cleanup of public sector facilities. One value is recommended for initial re-entry; a more conservative value is recommended for long-term monitoring and increased public confidence; and a third, even more conservative concentration represents essentially a no-effect level for round-the-clock airborne exposure. Health-based cleanup levels are provided for contaminated residential and industrial soil. Results are presented on the outcome of a preliminary risk assessment to determine safe surface levels (e.g., walls, floors, and handrails) for cleanup after exposure to the G agents and VX. Because specific cleanup criteria for most biological warfare agents remain problematic, recommendations are made for filling the knowledge gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Health Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL warfare
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare
KW  - CONTAMINATION (Technology)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL decontamination
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare agents
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - Biological warfare agent
KW  - chemical warfare agent
KW  - contamination
KW  - decontamination
N1  - Accession Number: 11622294; Raber, Ellen 1; Email Address: raber1@llnl.gov; Carlsen, Tina M. 1; Folks, Karen J. 1; Kirvel, Robert D. 1; Daniels, Jeffrey I. 2; Bogen, Kenneth T. 2; Source Information: Feb2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p31; Subject: BIOLOGICAL warfare; Subject: CHEMICAL warfare; Subject: CONTAMINATION (Technology); Subject: BIOLOGICAL decontamination; Subject: CHEMICAL warfare agents; Subject: AIR quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: decontamination; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09603120310001633886
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=11622294&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strout, Michelle Mills
AU  - Carter, Larry
AU  - Ferrante, Jeanne
AU  - Kreaseck, Barbara
T1  - SPARSE TILING FOR STATIONARY ITERATIVE METHODS.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 113
SN  - 10943420
AB  - In modern computers, a program's data locality can affect performance significantly. This article details full sparse tiling, a run-time reordering transformation that improves the data locality for stationary iterative methods such as Gauss-Seidel operating on sparse matrices. In scientific applications such as finite element analysis, these iterative methods dominate the execution time. Full sparse tiling chooses a permutation of the rows and columns of the sparse matrix, and then an order of execution that achieves better data locality.
KW  - TILING (Mathematics)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ELECTRON tubes -- Grids
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 12912217; Strout, Michelle Mills 1; Carter, Larry 2; Ferrante, Jeanne 2; Kreaseck, Barbara 3; Source Information: Spring2004, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p95; Subject: TILING (Mathematics); Subject: SPARSE matrices; Subject: FINITE element method; Subject: ELECTRON tubes -- Grids; Subject: ALGORITHMS; Subject: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004041294
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=12912217&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Talal, Andrew H.
AU  - Shata, M. Tarek
AU  - Markatuo, Marianthi
AU  - Dorante, Gary
AU  - Chadburn, Amy
AU  - Koch, Robert
AU  - Neumann, Avidan U.
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Virus Dynamics and Immune Responses During Treatment in Patients Coinfected With Hepatitis C and HIV.
JO  - JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
JF  - JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 113
SN  - 15254135
AB  - Focuses on the mathematical modeling of the biological effect of interferon on virus decay permitting the quantification of the efficacy of blocking virion production in different patient populations.  Characterization of the viral dynamic and immunologic responses of hepatitis C virus infection to daily interferon therapy; Correlation of virion production with treatment outcome in HIV co-infected patients; Response of immunodeficient patients to standard interferon.
KW  - INTERFERONS
KW  - VIRUSES
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - HEPATITIS C virus
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - VIRUS diseases
N1  - Accession Number: 12315743; Talal, Andrew H. 1; Email Address: aht2002@med.cornell.edu; Shata, M. Tarek 2; Markatuo, Marianthi 3; Dorante, Gary 1; Chadburn, Amy 4; Koch, Robert 4; Neumann, Avidan U. 5; Ribeiro, Ruy M.; Perelson, Alan S. 6; Source Information: 2/1/2004, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p103; Subject: INTERFERONS; Subject: VIRUSES; Subject: IMMUNE response; Subject: HEPATITIS C virus; Subject: HIV infections; Subject: VIRUS diseases; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Boer, Maarten P.
AU  - Luck, David L.
AU  - Ashurst, William R.
AU  - Maboudian, Roya
AU  - Corwin, Alex D.
AU  - Walraven, Jeremy A.
AU  - Redmond, James M.
T1  - High-Performance Surface-Micromachined Inchworm Actuator.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
J1  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
PY  - 2004/02//
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 74
SN  - 10577157
AB  - This work demonstrates a polycrystalline silicon surface-micromachined inchworm actuator that exhibits high-performance characteristics such as large force (±0.5 millinewtons), large velocity range (0 to ±4.4 mm/sec), large displacement range (±100 microns), small step size (±10, ±40 or ±100 nanometers), low power consumption (nanojoules per cycle), continuous bidirectional operation and relatively small area (600 × 200µm2). An in situ load spring calibrated on a logarithmic scale from micronewtons to millinewtons, optical microscopy and Michelson interferometry are used to characterize its performance. The actuator consists of a force-amplifying plate that spans two voltage-controlled clamps, and walking is achieved by appropriately sequencing signals to these three components. In the clamps, normal force is borne by equipotential rubbing counterfaces, enabling friction to be measured against load. Using different monolayer coatings, we show that the static coefficient of friction can be changed from 0.14 to 1.04, and that it is load-independent over a broad range. We further find that the static coefficient of friction does not accurately predict the force generated by the actuator and attribute this to nanometer-scale presliding tangential deflections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROACTUATORS
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - MECHATRONICS
KW  - MECHANICAL engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 12606802; Source Information: Feb2004, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: MICROACTUATORS; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: MECHATRONICS; Subject Term: MECHANICAL engineering; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 12p; ; Illustrations: 16 Diagrams, 2 Charts; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1106/JMEMS.2003.823236
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wagner, J.
AU  - Sullivan, D. P.
AU  - Faulkner, D.
AU  - Fisk, W. J.
AU  - Alevantis, L. E.
AU  - Dod, R. L.
AU  - Gundel, L. A.
AU  - Waldman, J. M.
T1  - Environmental Tobacco Smoke Leakage from Smoking Rooms.
JO  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
EP  - 118
SN  - 15459624
AB  - Twenty-seven laboratory experiments were conducted in a  simulated smoking room to quantify rates of environmental to-bacco  smoke (ETS) leakage to a nonsmoking area as a function  of the physical and operational characteristics of the smoking  room. Data are presented for the various types of leakage  flows, the effect of these leaks on smoking room performance  and nonsmoker exposure, and the relative importance of each  leakage mechanism. The results indicate that the first priority  for an effective smoking room is to maintain it depressurized  with respect to adjoining nonsmoking areas. The amount of ETS  pumped out by the smoking room door when it is opened and  closed can be reduced significantly by substituting a sliding  door for the standard swing-type door. An "open doorway"  configuration used twice the ventilation flow of those with  smoking room doors, but yielded less reduction in nonsmoker  exposure. Measured results correlated well with results mod-eled  with mass-balance equations (R 2  =0.82--0.99). Most of  these results are based on sulfur hexafluoride (SF6 ) tracer  gas leakage. Because five measured ETS tracers showed good  correlation with SF6 , these conclusions should apply to ETS  leakage as well. Field tests of a designated smoking room in  an office building qualitatively agreed with model predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOBACCO smoke
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL health
KW  - GAS leakage
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - designated smoking rooms
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - exposure assessment
KW  - indoor air quality
KW  - ventilation
N1  - Accession Number: 12630291; Wagner, J. 1,2; Email Address: jwagner@dhs.ca.gov; Sullivan, D. P. 3; Faulkner, D. 3; Fisk, W. J. 3; Alevantis, L. E. 1; Dod, R. L. 2,3; Gundel, L. A. 3; Waldman, J. M. 1; Source Information: Feb2004, Vol. 1 Issue 2, p110; Subject: TOBACCO smoke; Subject: ENVIRONMENTAL health; Subject: GAS leakage; Subject: INDOOR air pollution; Subject: HEALTH risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: designated smoking rooms; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: ventilation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
AU  - Ilgner, Ralph H.
AU  - Tomkins, Bruce A.
AU  - Peters, Douglas W.
T1  - Development and Application of Protocols for the Determination of Response of Real-Time Particle Monitors to Common Indoor Aerosols.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 241
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Protocols have been developed and applied for the generation of aerosols that are likely to be comparable to those encountered in field settings for the calibration of easily transportable/portable real-time particle monitors. Aerosols generated were simulated environmental tobacco smoke, cedar wood smoke, cooking oil fumes, and propane stove particles. The time-integrated responses of three nephelometers and a monitor for particle-bound polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were compared with gravimetric respirable suspended particulate matter (RSP) in a controlled-atmosphere chamber. In general, the monitor responses increased linearly with increasing mass concentration. However, the two monitors that reported mass per volume concentrations tended to overreport the actual RSP concentrations by factors up to 4.4. The real-time PAH monitor did not respond to cooking oil fumes, indicative of little PAH being present in the aerosol. One of the monitors that has been used in a variety of studies reported in the literature (DustTrak) was collocated with gravimetric RSP samplers in several hospitality venues in the Louisville, KY, area. Field studies indicated that the units overreported actual RSP concentrations by factors of 2.6-3.1, depending on whether the sampling was conducted in the nonsmoking or smoking sections of the facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Tobacco smoke pollution
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Atomizers
N1  - Accession Number: 12406860; Jenkins, Roger A. 1; Email Address: jenkinsra@ornl.gov.; Ilgner, Ralph H. 1; Tomkins, Bruce A. 1; Peters, Douglas W. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2 : Environmental Health Management, Louisville, Kentucky;  Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 54 Issue 2, p229; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Thesaurus Term: Tobacco smoke pollution; Thesaurus Term: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Atomizers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carr, Robert
T1  - Separation Algorithms for Classes of STSP Inequalities Arising from a New STSP Relaxation.
JO  - Mathematics of Operations Research
JF  - Mathematics of Operations Research
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
EP  - 91
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 0364765X
AB  - The problem of separating a class of inequalities that are valid for the symmetric traveling salesman problem (STSP) consists of devising an efficient method that, given a fractional point x* for a relaxation of the STSP, either finds an inequality in the given class of STSP inequalities that is violated by x* or determines that there are no such violated inequalities. We can define important classes of STSP inequalities by performing Naddef's and Rinaldi's (1993) node-lifting operation on STSP inequalities defined on small graphs. We present efficient methods for exactly separating large classes of STSP inequalities that arise from an STSP relaxation related to node lifting. In particular, we show how to find efficiently the most-violated inequality in the class of STSP inequalities having a backbone set with a constant number k of vertices, and thus separate in polynomial time the class of all STSP inequalities whose backbone set has at most k vertices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics of Operations Research is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - INEQUALITIES (Mathematics)
KW  - inequalities
KW  - lifting
KW  - node lifting
KW  - polyhedron
KW  - polytope
KW  - separation
KW  - symmetric traveling salesman problem
N1  - Accession Number: 13038444; Carr, Robert 1; Email Address: bobcarr@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Discrete Algorithms and Mathematics, Dept. 9215, MS 1110, Sandia National Laboratories, POBox 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p80; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: INEQUALITIES (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: inequalities; Author-Supplied Keyword: lifting; Author-Supplied Keyword: node lifting; Author-Supplied Keyword: polyhedron; Author-Supplied Keyword: polytope; Author-Supplied Keyword: separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetric traveling salesman problem; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1287/moor.1030.0058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolda, Tamara C.
AU  - Torczon, Virginia J.
T1  - ON THE CONVERGENCE OF ASYNCHRONOUS PARALLEL PATTERN SEARCH.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
JF  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 939
EP  - 964
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10526234
AB  - In this paper we prove global convergence for asynchronous parallel pattern search. In standard pattern search, decisions regarding the update of the iterate and the step-length control parameter are synchronized implicitly across all search directions. We lose this feature in asynchronous parallel pattern search since the search along each direction proceeds semiautonomously. By bounding the value of the step-length control parameter after any step that produces decrease along a single search direction, we can prove that all the processes share a common accumulation point and, if the function is continuously differentiable, that such a point is a stationary point of the standard nonlinear unconstrained optimization problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Optimization is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - asynchronous parallel optimization
KW  - global convergence analysis
KW  - pattern search
KW  - unconstrained optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 15154405; Kolda, Tamara C. 1; Email Address: tgkolda@sandia.gov; Torczon, Virginia J. 2; Email Address: va@cs.wm.edu; Affiliations: 1: Computational Sciences and Mathematics Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551--9217; 2: Department of Computer Science, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187--8795; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p939; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: asynchronous parallel optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: global convergence analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern search; Author-Supplied Keyword: unconstrained optimization; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1052623401398107
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radisky, Derek C.
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
T1  - Respect Thy Neighbor!
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5659
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
EP  - 777
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The complexity of multicellular organisms necessitates a high degree of coordination among a diverse range of specialized cell types. Epithelial tissue is the source of more than 80% of human cancers, and many studies have focused on identifying the factors that activate signaling pathways involved in the proliferation of epithelial cells. The highly oncogenic Rous sarcoma virus triggers the formation of aggressive tumors in chickens but does not induce tumors when injected into chick embryos, a phenomenon later shown to be dependent partly on the integrity of the extracellular matrix.
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - ROUS sarcoma
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix
KW  - CANCER
KW  - ONCOGENIC viruses
KW  - TUMORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12306154; Radisky, Derek C. 1; Bissell, Mina J. 1; Email Address: mjbissell@lbl.gov; Source Information: 2/6/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5659, p775; Subject: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject: ROUS sarcoma; Subject: EXTRACELLULAR matrix; Subject: CANCER; Subject: ONCOGENIC viruses; Subject: TUMORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1363
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, Arun
T1  - Thermoelectricity in Semiconductor Nanostructures.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5659
M3  - Article
SP  - 777
EP  - 778
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - With the widespread use of semiconductors in microelectronics and optoelectronics, it is hard to imagine that the initial excitement was due to their promise not in electronics, but in refrigeration. The discovery in the 1950's that semiconductors can act as efficient heat pumps led to premature expectations of environmentally benign solid-state home refrigerators and power generators containing no moving parts. At issue are some fundamental scientific challenges, which could be overcome by deeper understanding of charge and heat transport in semiconductor nanostructures.
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery
KW  - REFRIGERATORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12306155; Majumdar, Arun 1; Email Address: majumdar@me.berkeley.edu; Source Information: 2/6/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5659, p777; Subject: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject: REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery; Subject: REFRIGERATORS; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1492
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Everaers, Ralf
AU  - Sukumaran, Sathish K.
AU  - Grest, Gary S.
AU  - Svaneborg, Carsten
AU  - Sivasubramanian, Arvind
AU  - Kremer, Kurt
T1  - Rheology and Microscopic Topology of Entangled PolymericLiquids.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5659
M3  - Article
SP  - 823
EP  - 826
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The viscoelastic properties of high molecular weight polymeric liquids are dominated by topological constraints on a molecular scale. In a manner similar to that of entangled ropes, polymer chains can slide past but not through each other. Tube models of polymer dynamics and rheology are based on the idea that entanglements confine a chain to small fluctuations around a primitive path that follows the coarse-grained chain contour. Here we provide a microscopic foundation for these highly successful phenomenological models. We analyze the topological state of polymeric liquids in terms of primitive paths and obtain parameter-free, quantitative predictions for the plateau modulus, which agree with experiment for all major classes of synthetic polymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - POLYMER liquid crystals
KW  - VISCOELASTICITY
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - PLASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12306171; Everaers, Ralf 1,2; Email Address: everaers@mpipks-dresden.mpg.de; Sukumaran, Sathish K. 1; Grest, Gary S. 3; Svaneborg, Carsten 1; Sivasubramanian, Arvind 1; Kremer, Kurt 1; Source Information: 2/6/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5659, p823; Subject: RHEOLOGY; Subject: POLYMER liquid crystals; Subject: VISCOELASTICITY; Subject: MOLECULAR weights; Subject: TOPOLOGY; Subject: PLASTICITY; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3909
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leisch, Jennifer E.
AU  - Bhattacharya, Raghu N.
AU  - Teeter, Glenn
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Preparation and characterization of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 thin films from electrodeposited precursors for hydrogen production
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 81
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Semiconducting Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 thin films were made from electrodeposited Cu(In,Ga)Se2 precursors, followed by physical vapor deposition of In2S3, Ga, and Se. The bandgaps of these materials were found to be between 1.6 and 2.0 eV, which spans the optimal bandgap necessary for application for the top junction in photovoltaic multijunction devices and for unassisted water photolysis. These films were characterized by electron-probe microanalysis, scanning Auger spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photocurrent spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Electroforming
KW  - Physical vapor deposition
KW  - CIGS
KW  - Electrodiposition
N1  - Accession Number: 12098425; Leisch, Jennifer E. 1,2; Bhattacharya, Raghu N. 1; Email Address: raghu_bhattacharya@nrel.gov; Teeter, Glenn 1; Turner, John A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; 2 : Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA;  Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 81 Issue 2, p249; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen; Subject Term: Semiconductors; Subject Term: Electroforming; Subject Term: Physical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: CIGS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodiposition; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2003.11.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Chen, Liaohai
AU  - Deamer, David
AU  - Krakauer, David C.
AU  - Packard, Norman H.
AU  - Stadler, Peter F.
AU  - Bedau, Mark A.
T1  - Transitions from Nonliving to Living Matter.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/13/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5660
M3  - Article
SP  - 963
EP  - 965
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - All life forms are composed of molecules that are not themselves alive. But in what ways do living and nonliving matter differ? Regeneration and replication involve transforming molecules and energy from the environment into cellular aggregations, and evolution requires heritable variation in cellular processes. Here is described technology that could integrate different chemical systems by developing chemical reactions across multiple spatially separated micrometer-sized channels, which act as computer-controlled microreactors.
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - CELLS
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - MICROMETERS (Instruments)
KW  - MICROREACTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12350783; Rasmussen, Steen 1; Email Address: steen@lanl.gov; Chen, Liaohai 2; Deamer, David 3; Krakauer, David C. 4; Packard, Norman H. 5; Stadler, Peter F. 6; Bedau, Mark A. 7; Source Information: 2/13/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5660, p963; Subject: MOLECULES; Subject: EVOLUTION (Biology); Subject: CELLS; Subject: CHEMICAL processes; Subject: MICROMETERS (Instruments); Subject: MICROREACTORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1852
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mckinley, James P.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Heald, Steven M.
AU  - Dohnalkova, Alice
AU  - Newville, Matthew G.
AU  - Sutton, Steve R.
T1  - Microscale Distribution of Cesium Sorbed to Biotite and Muscovite.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1017
EP  - 1023
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Individual 1--3 mm biotite and muscovite clasts from Hanford sediment were contacted with 0.08 M CsNO3. They were examined using electron or X-ray microprobe methods, as intact specimens or sectioned perpendicular to their basal planes. Cs+ was observed to Preferentially sorb to mica edges, steps on mica surfaces, or fractured regions. The localization of Cs conformed to hypothesized strong binding to frayed edge sites in preference to sites on basal planes. In section, Cs+ was found to penetrate the mica interior, forming discrete zones of concentration, particularly in muscovite. In biotite, Cs was more abundant, permeating the clasts, but also forming discrete zones of higher concentration. Concentrated Cs on both clast edges and within clast interiors corresponded to microscopic but relatively extensive zones where K was depleted. The localization of sorbed Cs in areas where K was depleted suggested that weathering reactions had caused the formation of frayed edge sites within the micas. Cs+ accessed crystal interiors by diffusion along channels following crystal defects, cracks, or partings where pore fluids had previously migrated to form the interior alteration zones. On the nanometer scale, areas with localized Cs were disrupted, confirming that frayed edge sites were developed in clast interiors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - BIOTITE
KW  - MICA
KW  - MUSCOVITE
KW  - WEATHERING
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
N1  - Accession Number: 12444325; Mckinley, James P. 1; Zachara, John M. 1; Heald, Steven M. 1,2; Dohnalkova, Alice 1; Newville, Matthew G. 2; Sutton, Steve R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, PNC-CAT.; 2: GSE-CARS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Issue Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p1017; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: BIOTITE; Subject Term: MICA; Subject Term: MUSCOVITE; Subject Term: WEATHERING; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Nancy B.
T1  - A ROUNDABOUT TALE OF THE CULTURE OF NATIONAL LABS.
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 82
IS  - 7
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 74
EP  - 75
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Reviews the book "The National Labs: Science in an American System, 1947-1974," by Peter J. Westwick.
KW  - CHEMICAL engineering
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - WESTWICK, Peter J.
KW  - NATIONAL Labs, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12452280; Jackson, Nancy B. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Manager of the Department of Chemical & Biological Imaging, Sensing & Analysis at Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Member of the ACS Board of Directors; Issue Info: 2/16/2004, Vol. 82 Issue 7, p74; Subject Term: CHEMICAL engineering; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NATIONAL Labs, The (Book); People: WESTWICK, Peter J.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norman, Michael
T1  - Superconductivity: Shine a light.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/02/19/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6976
M3  - Article
SP  - 692
EP  - 692
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Copper oxides superconduct at unusually high temperatures. New evidence from optical studies highlights the nature of the many body interactions involved. Throughout the history of superconductivity, optical spectroscopy through the scattering of light by a material, has been a vital tool. It was the existence of a gap in the excitation-energy spectrum of electrons, first observed in optical studies, that set researchers to a theory of superconductivity. This time, however, the revelations pertain to the underlying interactions in high-temperature superconductivity.
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12285232; Norman, Michael 1; Email Address: norman@anl.gov; Source Information: 2/19/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6976, p692; Subject: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject: ELECTRONS; Subject: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/427692a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hiraga, Takehiko
AU  - Anderson, Ian M.
AU  - Kohlstedt, David L.
T1  - Grain boundaries as reservoirs of incompatible elements in the Earth's mantle.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/02/19/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6976
M3  - Article
SP  - 699
EP  - 703
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The concentrations and locations of elements that strongly partition into the fluid phase in rocks provide essential constraints on geochemical and geodynamical processes in Earth's interior. A fundamental question remains, however, as to where these incompatible elements reside before formation of the fluid phase. Here we show that partitioning of calcium between the grain interiors and grain boundaries of olivine in natural and synthetic olivine-rich aggregates follows a thermodynamic model for equilibrium grain-boundary segregation. The model predicts that grain boundaries can be the primary storage sites for elements with large ionic radius-that is, incompatible elements in the Earth's mantle. This observation provides a mechanism for the selective extraction of these elements and gives a framework for interpreting geochemical signatures in mantle rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - ROCKS
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - OLIVINE
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - EARTH sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12285223; Hiraga, Takehiko 1; Anderson, Ian M. 2; Kohlstedt, David L. 1; Source Information: 2/19/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6976, p699; Subject: RESERVOIRS; Subject: ROCKS; Subject: CALCIUM; Subject: OLIVINE; Subject: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject: EARTH sciences; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02259
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hwang, J.
AU  - Timusk, T.
AU  - Gu, G. D.
T1  - High-transition-temperature superconductivity in the absence of the magnetic-resonance mode.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/02/19/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6976
M3  - Article
SP  - 714
EP  - 717
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The fundamental mechanism that gives rise to high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductivity in the copper oxide materials has been debated since the discovery of the phenomenon. Recent work has focused on a sharp ‘kink’ in the kinetic energy spectra of the electrons as a possible signature of the force that creates the superconducting state. The kink has been related to a magnetic resonance and also to phonons. Here we report that infrared spectra of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Bi-2212), shows that this sharp feature can be separated from a broad background and, interestingly, weakens with doping before disappearing completely at a critical doping level of 0.23 holes per copper atom. Superconductivity is still strong in terms of the transition temperature at this doping (Tc ˜ 55?K), so our results rule out both the magnetic resonance peak and phonons as the principal cause of high-Tc superconductivity. The broad background, on the other hand, is a universal property of the copper-oxygen plane and provides a good candidate signature of the ‘glue’ that binds the electrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - STOPPING power (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHONONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12285211; Hwang, J. 1; Timusk, T. 1; Gu, G. D. 2; Source Information: 2/19/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6976, p714; Subject: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject: STOPPING power (Nuclear physics); Subject: PHONONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02347
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garrett, Bruce C.
T1  - Ions at the Air/Water Interface.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/20/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5661
M3  - Article
SP  - 1146
EP  - 1147
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The conventional picture of the interface of simple aqueous salt solutions is based on thermodynamic analysis of the variation of surface tension with composition of the liquid. This picture is consistent with observations of hydrogen bonding in aqueous ionic clusters. Cations form hydrated clusters in which the ion binds to water oxygen atoms. The water molecules are distributed fairly symmetrically around the ion. In contrast, anions bind to water hydrogen atoms. The water molecules are arranged asymmetrically around the ion, enabling hydrogen bonding between them.
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12390777; Garrett, Bruce C. 1; Email Address: bruce.garrett@pnl.gov; Source Information: 2/20/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5661, p1146; Subject: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject: SURFACE tension; Subject: SURFACE chemistry; Subject: CATIONS; Subject: IONS; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1401
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Movshovich, Roman
AU  - Bianchi, Andrea
AU  - Capan, Cigdem
AU  - Jaime, Marcelo
AU  - Goodrich, R.G.
T1  - Electron-spin domains (communication arising): Magnetic enhancement of superconductivity.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6977
M3  - Article
SP  - 802
EP  - 802
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Movshovich et al. suggest that our calorimetric observation of the FFLO superconducting phase boundary and its angular dependence are inconsistent with their own data reporting the possible presence of an FFLO phase, and that we have incorrectly used magnetothermal measurements to identify the order of the FFLO transition. They also contest that the correlation of the magnetization steps with the calorimetrically identified FFLO superconducting phase of CeCoIn5 is coincidental. We consider each of these points in turn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - LANDAU levels
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12345327; Movshovich, Roman 1; Email Address: roman@lanl.gov; Bianchi, Andrea 2; Capan, Cigdem 1; Jaime, Marcelo 1; Goodrich, R.G. 3; Source Information: 2/26/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6977, p802; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject: MAGNETIZATION; Subject: LOW temperatures; Subject: LANDAU levels; Subject: FERMIONS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/427802b
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perrin, Marshall D.
AU  - Graham, James R.
AU  - Kalas, Paul
AU  - Lloyd, James P.
AU  - Max, Ciaire E.
AU  - Gavel, Donald T.
AU  - Pennington, Deanna M.
AU  - Gates, Elinor L.
T1  - Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics Imaging Polarimetry ofHerbig Ae/Be Stars.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5662
M3  - Article
SP  - 1345
EP  - 1348
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We have used laser guide star adaptive optics and a near-infrared dual-channel imaging polarimeter to observe light scattered in the circumstellar environment of Herbig Ae/Be stars on scales of 100 to 300 astronomical units. We revealed a strongly polarized, biconical nebula 10 are seconds (6000 astronomical units) in diameter around the star LkHα 198 and also observed a polarized jet-like feature associated with the deeply embedded source LkHα 198-IR. The star LkHα 233 presents a narrow, unpolarized dark lane consistent with an optically thick circumstellar disk blocking our direct view of the star. These data show that the lower-mass T Tauri and intermediate mass Herbig Ae/Be stars share a common evolutionary sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - POLARIMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - ATMOSPHERE -- Laser observations
KW  - POLARISCOPE
N1  - Accession Number: 12481862; Perrin, Marshall D. 1,2; Email Address: mperrin@astro.berkeley.edu; Graham, James R. 1,2; Kalas, Paul 1,2; Lloyd, James P. 2,3; Max, Ciaire E. 2,4; Gavel, Donald T. 2,5; Pennington, Deanna M. 2,4; Gates, Elinor L. 2,6; Source Information: 2/27/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5662, p1345; Subject: LASERS; Subject: NONLINEAR optics; Subject: POLARIMETRY; Subject: OPTICAL measurements; Subject: ATMOSPHERE -- Laser observations; Subject: POLARISCOPE; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2944
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Floss, Christine
AU  - Stadermann, Frank J.
AU  - Bradley, John
AU  - Dai, Zu Rong
AU  - Bajt, Saša
AU  - Graham, Giles
T1  - Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Anomalies in an AnhydrousInterplanetary Dust Particle.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5662
M3  - Article
SP  - 1355
EP  - 1358
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Because hydrogen and nitrogen isotopic anomalies in interplanetary dust particles have been associated with carbonaceous material, the lack of similar anomalies in carbon has been a major conundrum. We report here the presence of a [sup13]C depletion associated with a [sup15]N enrichment in an anhydrous interplanetary dust particle. Our observations suggest that the anomalies are carried by heteroatomic organic compounds. Theoretical models indicate that lowtemperature formation of organic compounds in cold interstellar molecular clouds can produce carbon and nitrogen fractionations, but it remains to be seen whether the specific effects observed here can be reproduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ANTIMONY isotopes
KW  - DUST
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR clouds
KW  - INTERSTELLAR molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 12481865; Floss, Christine 1; Email Address: floss@wustl.edu; Stadermann, Frank J. 1; Bradley, John 2; Dai, Zu Rong 2; Bajt, Saša 2; Graham, Giles 2; Source Information: 2/27/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5662, p1355; Subject: CARBON; Subject: NITROGEN; Subject: ANTIMONY isotopes; Subject: DUST; Subject: ORGANIC compounds; Subject: MOLECULAR clouds; Subject: INTERSTELLAR molecules; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2705
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bartlett, Roscoe A.
AU  - van Bloemen Waanders, Bart G.
AU  - Heroux, Michael A.
T1  - Vector Reduction/Transformation Operators.
JO  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
JF  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 85
SN  - 00983500
AB  - Development of flexible linear algebra interfaces is an increasingly critical issue. Efficient and expressive interfaces are well established for some linear algebra abstractions, but not for vectors. Vectors differ from other abstractions in the diversity of necessary operations, sometimes requiring dozens for a given algorithm (e.g. interior-point methods for optimization). We discuss a new approach based on operator objects that are transported to the underlying data by the linear algebra library implementation, allowing developers of abstract numerical algorithms to easily extend the functionality regardless of computer architecture, application or data locality/organization. Numerical experiments demonstrate efficient implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - VECTOR analysis
KW  - MAXIMA & minima
KW  - COMPUTER interfaces
KW  - interfaces
KW  - object-orientation
KW  - Optimization
KW  - vectors
N1  - Accession Number: 12876964; Bartlett, Roscoe A. 1; Email Address: rabart@sandia.gov; van Bloemen Waanders, Bart G. 1; Email Address: bartv@sandia.gov; Heroux, Michael A. 1; Email Address: mheroux@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories.; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p62; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: VECTOR analysis; Subject Term: MAXIMA & minima; Subject Term: COMPUTER interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: object-orientation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: vectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular, forensic and haplotypic inconsistencies regarding the identity of the Ekaterinburg remains.
AU  - Knight, A.
AU  - Zhivotovsky, L. A.
AU  - Kass, D. H.
AU  - Litwin, D. E.
AU  - Green, L. D.
AU  - White, P. S.
AU  - Mountain, J. L.
JO  - Annals of Human Biology
JF  - Annals of Human Biology
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar/Apr2004
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
SP  - 129
EP  - 138
SN  - 03014460
N1  - Accession Number: 12725399; Author: Knight, A.: 1 Author: Zhivotovsky, L. A.: 2 Author: Kass, D. H.: 3 Author: Litwin, D. E.: 4 Author: Green, L. D.: 5 Author: White, P. S.: 5 Author: Mountain, J. L.: 1,6 ; Author Affiliation: 1 Department of Anthropological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA: 2 Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia: 3 Department of Biology, 316 Mark Jefferson, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA: 4 PO Box 19754, Stanford, CA 94309, USA: 5 Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA: 6 Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; No. of Pages: 10; Language: English; Publication Type: Article; Update Code: 20040406
N2  - Background : A set of human remains unearthed near Ekaterinburg, Russia has been attributed to the Romanov Imperial Family of Russia and their physician and servants. That conclusion was officially accepted by the Russian government following publication of DNA tests that were widely publicized. The published study included no discussion of major forensic discrepancies and the information regarding the burial site and remains included irregularities. Furthermore, its conclusion of Romanov identity was based on molecular behaviour that indicates contamination rather than endogenous DNA. The published claim to have amplified by PCR a 1223 bp region of degraded DNA in a single segment for nine individuals and then to have obtained sequence of PCR products derived from that segment without cloning indicates that the Ekaterinburg samples were contaminated with non-degraded, high molecular weight, 'fresh' DNA. Aim : Noting major violations of standard forensic practices, factual inconsistencies, and molecular behaviours that invalidate the claimed identity, we attempted to replicate the findings of the original DNA study. Subject : We analysed mtDNA extracted from a sample of the relic of Grand Duchess Elisabeth, sister of Empress Alexandra. Results : Among clones of multiple PCR targets and products, we observed no complete mtDNA haplotype matching that reported for Alexandra. The consensus haplotype of Elisabeth differs from that reported for Alexandra at four sites. Conclusion : Considering molecular and forensic inconsistencies, the identity of the Ekaterinburg remains has not been established. Our mtDNA haplotype results for Elisabeth provide yet another line of conflicting evidence regarding the identity of the Ekaterinburg remains. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR
KW  - *PHYSICIANS
KW  - *DNA
KW  - *NUCLEIC acids
KW  - *GENETIC engineering
KW  - GENES
KW  - CLONING
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loosmore, Gwen A.
AU  - Cederwall, Richard T.
T1  - Precipitation scavenging of atmospheric aerosols for emergency response applications: testing an updated model with new real-time data
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 993
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Precipitation scavenging can effectively remove particulates from the atmosphere. Interest in the phenomena waxed in the 1980s, but models developed at that time remain limited by the lack of both detailed, time-resolved wet deposition pattern measurements for model confirmation and real-time rain data for model execution. Recently, new rain products have become available that can revolutionize real-time use of precipitation scavenging models on the regional scale. We have utilized a 4-km, hourly resolution precipitation data set from the Arkansas Red-Basin River Forecast Center. A standard below-cloud aerosol scavenging model has been modified to incorporate the potentially larger scavenging in heavy rain events. This paper demonstrates the model on a sample rainfall data set. The simulations demonstrate the concentrating effect of rainfall, especially heavy rain, on deposition patterns. Wet deposition played an important role in the simulated fate and transport, removing as much as 70% of the released aerosol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Precipitation scavenging
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Arkansas
KW  - United States
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Particle
KW  - Washout
KW  - Wet deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 11957515; Loosmore, Gwen A.; Email Address: loosmorel@llnl.gov; Cederwall, Richard T. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-103, Livermore, CA 94551, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 38 Issue 7, p993; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation scavenging; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Subject: Arkansas; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Washout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wet deposition; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.10.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petr Chylek
AU  - Jason E. Box
AU  - Glen Lesins
T1  - Global Warming and the Greenland Ice Sheet.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 63
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 221
SN  - 01650009
AB  - The Greenland coastal temperatures have followed the early 20th century global warming trend. Since 1940, however, the Greenland coastal stations data have undergone predominantly a cooling trend. At the summit of the Greenland ice sheet the summer average temperature has decreased at the rate of 2.2 °C per decade since the beginning of the measurements in 1987. This suggests that the Greenland ice sheet and coastal regions are not following the current global warming trend. A considerable and rapid warming over all of coastal Greenland occurred in the 1920s when the average annual surface air temperature rose between 2 and 4 °C in less than ten years (at some stations the increase in winter temperature was as high as 6 °C). This rapid warming, at a time when the change in anthropogenic production of greenhouse gases was well below the current level, suggests a high natural variability in the regional climate. High anticorrelations (r = −0.84 to −0.93) between the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) index and Greenland temperature time series suggest a physical connection between these processes. Therefore, the future changes in the NAO and Northern Annular Mode may be of critical consequence to the future temperature forcing of the Greenland ice sheet melt rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere)
KW  - Ocean-atmosphere interaction
KW  - Greenland
N1  - Accession Number: 20376343; Petr Chylek 1; Jason E. Box 2; Glen Lesins 3; Affiliations: 1 : Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, and Department of Physics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, U.S.A. E-mail: chylek@lanl.gov ; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 3J5; 2 : Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A.; 3 : Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 3J5;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 63 Issue 1/2, p201; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere); Thesaurus Term: Ocean-atmosphere interaction; Subject: Greenland; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Lonkhuyzen, Robert A.
AU  - LaGory, Kirk E.
AU  - Kuiper, James A.
T1  - Modeling the Suitability of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites with a Geographic Information System Modeling Suitability of Wetland Mitigation Sites.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 368
EP  - 375
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Wetland mitigation is frequently required to compensate for unavoidable impacts to wetlands. Site conditions and landscape context are critical factors influencing the functions that created wetlands perform. We developed a spatial model and used a geographic information system (GIS) to identify suitable locations for wetland mitigation sites. The model used six variables to characterize site conditions: hydrology, soils, historic condition, vegetation cover, adjacent vegetation, and land use. For each variable, a set of suitability scores was developed that indicated the wetland establishment potential for different variable states. Composite suitability scores for individual points on the landscape were determined from the weighted geometric mean of suitability scores for each variable at each point. These composite scores were grouped into five classes and mapped as a wetland mitigation suitability surface with a GIS. Sites with high suitability scores were further evaluated using information on the feasibility of site modification and project cost. This modeling approach could be adapted by planners for use in identifying the suitability of locations as wetland mitigation sites at any site or region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Wetland management
KW  - Aquatic resources
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Information resources
KW  - Aquatic sciences
KW  - Geographic information system
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Spatial model
KW  - Suitability index
KW  - Wetland mitigation
KW  - Wetland restoration
N1  - Accession Number: 15311426; Van Lonkhuyzen, Robert A. 1; LaGory, Kirk E. 1; Kuiper, James A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p368; Thesaurus Term: Wetland management; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic resources; Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Subject Term: Geographic information systems; Subject Term: Information resources; Subject Term: Aquatic sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geographic information system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Landscape; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suitability index; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetland mitigation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetland restoration; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-3017-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quinn, N.W.T.
AU  - Brekke, L.D.
AU  - Miller, N.L.
AU  - Heinzer, T.
AU  - Hidalgo, H.
AU  - Dracup, J.A.
T1  - Model integration for assessing future hydroclimate impacts on water resources, agricultural production and environmental quality in the San Joaquin Basin, California
JO  - Environmental Modelling & Software
JF  - Environmental Modelling & Software
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 13648152
AB  - The US National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change provides compelling arguments for action and adaptive measures to help mitigate water resource, agricultural production and environmental quality impacts of future climate change. National resource planning at this scale can benefit by the development of integrated impact analysis toolboxes that allow linkage and integration of hydroclimate models, surface and groundwater hydrologic models, economic and environmental impact models and techniques for social impact assessment. Simulation models used in an assessment of climate change impacts on water resources, agriculture and environmental quality in the San Joaquin Basin of California are described in this paper as well as the challenges faced in linking the component models within an impacts assessment toolbox. Results from simulations performed with several of the tools in the impacts assessment toolbox are presented and discussed. After initially attempting model integration with the public domain, GIS-based modeling framework Modular Modeling System/Object User Interface (MMS/OUI), frustration with the framework’s lack of flexibility to handle monthly timestep models prompted development of a common geodatabase to allow linkage of model input and output for the linked simulation models. A GIS-based data browser was also developed that works with both network flow models and makes calls to a model post-processor that shows model output for each selected node in each model network. This data and output browser system is flexible and can readily accommodate future changes in the model network configuration and in the model database. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Modelling & Software is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Water resources development
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Acclimatization
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Impact assessment
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Water resources
N1  - Accession Number: 11733184; Quinn, N.W.T. 1,2; Email Address: nwquinn@lbl.gov; Brekke, L.D. 2; Miller, N.L. 1; Heinzer, T. 3; Hidalgo, H. 2; Dracup, J.A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Institute for Environmental Science and Engineering, University of California, 412 O’Brien Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3 : United States Bureau of Reclamation, 2800 Cottage Way, Sacramento, CA 95825, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p305; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Water resources development; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Thesaurus Term: Acclimatization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water resources; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1364-8152(03)00155-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Toose, L.
AU  - Woodfine, D.G.
AU  - MacLeod, M.
AU  - Mackay, D.
AU  - Gouin, J.
T1  - BETR-World: a geographically explicit model of chemical fate: application to transport of α-HCH to the Arctic
JO  - Environmental Pollution
JF  - Environmental Pollution
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 128
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 02697491
AB  - The Berkeley–Trent (BETR)-World model, a 25 compartment, geographically explicit fugacity-based model is described and applied to evaluate the transport of chemicals from temperate source regions to receptor regions (such as the Arctic). The model was parameterized using GIS and an array of digital data on weather, oceans, freshwater, vegetation and geo-political boundaries. This version of the BETR model framework includes modification of atmospheric degradation rates by seasonally variable hydroxyl radical concentrations and temperature. Degradation rates in all other compartments vary with seasonally changing temperature. Deposition to the deep ocean has been included as a loss mechanism. A case study was undertaken for α-HCH. Dynamic emission scenarios were estimated for each of the 25 regions. Predicted environmental concentrations showed good agreement with measured values for the northern regions in air, and fresh and oceanic water and with the results from a previous model of global chemical fate. Potential for long-range transport and deposition to the Arctic region was assessed using a Transfer Efficiency combined with estimated emissions. European regions and the Orient including China have a high potential to contribute α-HCH contamination in the Arctic due to high rates of emission in these regions despite low Transfer Efficiencies. Sensitivity analyses reveal that the performance and reliability of the model is strongly influenced by parameters controlling degradation rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Pollution is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Radicals (Chemistry)
KW  - China
KW  - Alpha-HCH
KW  - Fugacity
KW  - Global
KW  - Long-range transport
KW  - Model
N1  - Accession Number: 11606441; Toose, L. 1; Woodfine, D.G. 1; MacLeod, M. 2; Mackay, D. 1; Email Address: dmackay@trentu.ca; Gouin, J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Canadian Environmental Modelling Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, K9J 7B8; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R3058, Berkeley, CA, 94720-8132, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1/2, p223; Thesaurus Term: Chemicals; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject Term: Radicals (Chemistry); Subject: China; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha-HCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fugacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long-range transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.08.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prevedouros, Konstantinos
AU  - MacLeod, Matthew
AU  - Jones, Kevin C.
AU  - Sweetman, Andrew J.
T1  - Modelling the fate of persistent organic pollutants in Europe: parameterisation of a gridded distribution model
JO  - Environmental Pollution
JF  - Environmental Pollution
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 128
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 02697491
AB  - A regionally segmented multimedia fate model for the European continent is described together with an illustrative steady-state case study examining the fate of γ-HCH (lindane) based on 1998 emission data. The study builds on the regionally segmented BETR North America model structure and describes the regional segmentation and parameterisation for Europe. The European continent is described by a 5°×5° grid, leading to 50 regions together with four perimetric boxes representing regions buffering the European environment. Each zone comprises seven compartments including; upper and lower atmosphere, soil, vegetation, fresh water and sediment and coastal water. Inter-regions flows of air and water are described, exploiting information originating from GIS databases and other georeferenced data. The model is primarily designed to describe the fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) within the European environment by examining chemical partitioning and degradation in each region, and inter-region transport either under steady-state conditions or fully dynamically. A test case scenario is presented which examines the fate of estimated spatially resolved atmospheric emissions of lindane throughout Europe within the lower atmosphere and surface soil compartments. In accordance with the predominant wind direction in Europe, the model predicts high concentrations close to the major sources as well as towards Central and Northeast regions. Elevated soil concentrations in Scandinavian soils provide further evidence of the potential of increased scavenging by forests and subsequent accumulation by organic-rich terrestrial surfaces. Initial model predictions have revealed a factor of 5–10 underestimation of lindane concentrations in the atmosphere. This is explained by an underestimation of source strength and/or an underestimation of European background levels. The model presented can further be used to predict deposition fluxes and chemical inventories, and it can also be adapted to provide characteristic travel distances and overall environmental persistence, which can be compared with other long-range transport prediction methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Pollution is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lindane
KW  - Environmentalism
KW  - North America
KW  - Europe
KW  - γ
KW  - -HCH
KW  - European distribution model
KW  - Fugacity
KW  - POPs
KW  - STEADY-STATE
N1  - Accession Number: 11606443; Prevedouros, Konstantinos 1; MacLeod, Matthew 2; Jones, Kevin C. 1; Sweetman, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: a.sweetman@lancaster.ac.uk; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Science Department, Institute of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1/2, p251; Thesaurus Term: Lindane; Thesaurus Term: Environmentalism; Subject: North America; Subject: Europe; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: -HCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: European distribution model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fugacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: POPs; Author-Supplied Keyword: STEADY-STATE; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.08.041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Chris G.
AU  - Folks, Karen
AU  - Mathews, Sandra
AU  - Martinelli, Roger
T1  - Investigating Sources of Toxicity in Stormwater: Algae Mortality in Runoff Upstream of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
JO  - Environmental Practice
JF  - Environmental Practice
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 35
SN  - 14660474
AB  - A source evaluation case study is presented for observations of algae toxicity in an intermittent stream passing through the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory near Livermore, California. A five-step procedure is discussed to determine the cause of water toxicity problems and to determine appropriate environmental management practices. With this approach, an upstream electrical transfer station was identified as the probable source of herbicides causing the toxicity. In addition, an analytical solution for solute transport in overland flow was used to estimate the application level of 40 kg/ha. Finally, this source investigation demonstrates that pesticides can affect stream water quality, regardless of application within levels suggested on manufacturer labels. Environmental managers need to ensure that pesticides that could harm aquatic organisms (including algae) not be used near streams or storm drainage areas, and that application timing should be considered for environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Practice is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Water -- Composition
KW  - Toxic algae -- Toxicology
KW  - Stormwater infiltration
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Environmental policy
N1  - Accession Number: 14175972; Campbell, Chris G. 1; Email Address: CGCampbell@lbl.gov; Folks, Karen 1; Mathews, Sandra 1; Martinelli, Roger 2; Affiliations: 1 : Water Guidance and Monitoring Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; 2 : Health and Ecological Asessment Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Livermore, California;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p23; Thesaurus Term: Herbicides; Thesaurus Term: Pesticides; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Water -- Composition; Thesaurus Term: Toxic algae -- Toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Stormwater infiltration; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiamin Wan
AU  - Larsen, Joern T.
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Zuoping Zheng
T1  - PH Neutralization and Zonation in Alkaline-Saline Tank Waste Plumes.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1321
EP  - 1329
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - At the Hanford Site in Washington State, the pH values of contaminant plumes resulting from leaking of initially highly alkaline-saline radioactive waste solutions into the subsurface are now found to be substantially neutralized. However, the nature of plume pH neutralization has not previously been understood. As a master geochemical variable, pH needs to be understood in order to predict the fate and transport of contaminants carried by the waste plumes. Through this laboratory study, we found that the plume pH values spanned a broad range from 14 (within the near-source region) down to the value of 7 (lower than the pH value of the initial soil solution) while the plume was still connected to an actively leaking source. We defined two zones within a plume: the silicate dissolution zone (SDZ, pH 14-10) and the neutralized zone (NZ, pH 10-7). Quartz dissolution at elevated temperature and precipitation of secondary silicates (including sodium metasilicate, cancrinite, and zeolites) are the key reactions responsible for the pH neutralization within the SDZ. The rapid and thorough cation exchange of Na+ replacing Ca2+/Mg2+- combined with transport, resulted in a dynamic Ca2+/Mg2+- enriched plume front Subsequent precipitation of calcite, sodium silicate, and possibly talc led to dramatically reduced pH within the plume front and the neutralized zone. During aging (after the plume source became inactive), continued quartz dissolution and the secondary silicate precipitation drove the pH value lower, toward pH 11 at equilibrium within the SDZ, whereas the pH values in the NZ remained relatively unchanged with time. A pH profile of 11 from the plume source to pH 7 at the plume front is expected for a historical plume. This laboratory- based study provided realistic plume pH profiles (consistent with that measured from borehole samples) and identified underlying mechanisms responsible for pH evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry)
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - ROCK-forming minerals
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
N1  - Accession Number: 12713608; Jiamin Wan 1; Email Address: jwan@lbl.gov; Larsen, Joern T. 1; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Zuoping Zheng 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p1321; Subject Term: NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: ROCK-forming minerals; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Huifang
AU  - Wang, Yifeng
AU  - Zhao, Pihong
AU  - Bourcier, William L.
AU  - van Konynenburg, Richard
AU  - Shaw, Henry F.
T1  - Investigation of Pyrochlore-Based U-Bearing Ceramic Nuclear Waste: Uranium Leaching Test and TEM Observation.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1480
EP  - 1486
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - A durable titanate ceramic waste form (Synroc) with pyrochlore (Ca(U,Pu)Ti2O7) and zirconolite (CaZrTi2O7) as major crystalline phases has been considered to be a candidate for immobilizing various high-level wastes containing fissile elements (239Pu and 235U). Transmission electron microscopy study of a sintered ceramic with stoichiometry of Ca(U0.5Ce0.25Hf0.25)Ti2O7 shows the material contains both pyrochlore and zirconolite phases and structural intergrowth of zirconolite lamellae within pyrochlore. The (001) plane of zirconolite is parallel to the (111) plane of pyrochlore because of their structural similarities. The pyrochlore is relatively rich in U, Ce, and Ca with respect to the coexisting zirconolite. Average compositions for the coexisting pyrochlore and zirconolite at 1350 °C are Ca0.01 (Ce3+0.13Ce4+0.19U0.52Hf0.18)(Ti1.95Hf0.05)O7 (with U/(U + Hf) = 0.72) and (Ca0.91Ce0.09)(Ce3+0.08U0.26Hf0.66Ti0.01)- Ti2.00O7 (with U/(U + Hf) = 0.28), respectively. A single pyrochlore (Ca(U,Hf)Ti2O7) phase may be synthesized at 1350 °C if the ratio of U/(U + Hf) is greater than 0.72, and a single zirconolite (Ca(Hf,U)Ti2O7) phase may be synthesized at 1350 °C if the ratio of U/(U + Hf) is less than 0.28. The synthesized products were used for dissolution tests. The single-pass flow-through dissolution tests show that the dissolution of the U-bearing pyrochlore is incongruent All the elements are released at differing rates. The dissolution data also show a decrease in rate with run time. The results indicate that a diffusion-controlled process may play a key role during the release of U. TEM observation of the leached pyrochlore directly proves that an amorphous leached layer that is rich in Ti and Hf formed on the surface after the ceramic was leached in pH 4 buffered solution for 835 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNROC
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - BUFFER solutions
KW  - IONIC solutions
KW  - URANIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 12713626; Xu, Huifang 1; Email Address: hfxu@unm.edu; Wang, Yifeng; Zhao, Pihong; Bourcier, William L.; van Konynenburg, Richard; Shaw, Henry F.; Affiliations: 1: Transmission Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131/Sandia National Laboratories, Abuquerque, New Mexico 87185/Lawrence Livermore National laboratory, L-219, Livermore, California 94550.; Issue Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p1480; Subject Term: SYNROC; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: BUFFER solutions; Subject Term: IONIC solutions; Subject Term: URANIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
AU  - Coty, Jessie D.
AU  - Kercher, James R.
T1  - THE SPATIAL EXTENT OF CONTAMINANTS AND THE LANDSCAPE SCALE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE WILDLIFE, CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, AND POPULATION MODELING LITERATURE.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 798
EP  - 811
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Many contaminant releases to the terrestrial environment are of small areal extent. Thus, rather than evaluating the ecological impact on species in the immediate vicinity of the release, it may be more ecologically meaningful to determine if population impacts occur at the landscape level. In order to do this, the cumulative impact of all releases in the landscape under consideration must be evaluated. If the release sites are viewed as localized areas that are no longer available for use by ecological receptors (i.e., no longer part of the habitat), this can be thought of as a form of habitat fragmentation. Habitat fragmentation is typically viewed as the loss of large areas of habitat within a landscape, leaving small isolated patches of intact habitat within a hostile matrix. Small-scale contaminant releases, on the other hand, result in small uninhabitable areas within a primarily intact habitat. With this consideration in mind, we analyzed the wildlife and conservation biology literature to determine if information on habitat size requirements such as home-range or critical patch size could inform us about the potential for impact at the landscape level from release sites based on the size of the release alone. We determined that evaluating the impact of release size had to be conducted within a contextual basis (considering the existing state of the landscape). Therefore, we also reviewed the population modeling literature to determine if models could be developed to further evaluate the impact of the spatial extent of chemical releases on the landscape. We identified individual-based models linked to geographic information systems to have the greatest potential in investigating the role of release size with respect to population impacts at the landscape level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Conservation biology
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Wildlife conservation
KW  - Conservation of natural resources
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Critical patch size
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Home range
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Populations
N1  - Accession Number: 15915234; Carlsen, Tina M. 1; Email Address: carlsen1@llnl.gov; Coty, Jessie D. 1; Kercher, James R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p798; Thesaurus Term: Conservation biology; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Wildlife conservation; Thesaurus Term: Conservation of natural resources; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical patch size; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Home range; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populations; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gute, Brian D.
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
AU  - Geiss, K.T.
AU  - Basak, S.C.
T1  - Prediction of halocarbon toxicity from structure: a hierarchical QSAR approach
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 13826689
AB  - Mathematical structural invariants and quantum theoretical descriptors have been used extensively in quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) for the estimation of pharmaceutical activities, biological properties, physicochemical properties, and the toxicities of chemicals. Recently our research team has explored the relative importance of various levels of chemodescriptors, i.e. topostructural (TS), topochemical (TC), geometrical (3D), and quantum theoretical descriptors, in property estimation. This study examines the contribution of chemodescriptors ranging from topostructural to quantum theoretic calculations, up to the Gaussian STO-3G level, in predicting the results of six indicators of oxidative stress for a set of 20 halocarbons. Using quantum theoretical calculations in this study is of particular interest as molecular energetics is related to the likelihood of electron attachment and free radical formation, the mechanism of toxicity for these chemicals and should aid in modeling their potential for oxidative stress. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Oxidative stress
KW  - QSAR
N1  - Accession Number: 12381927; Gute, Brian D. 1; Balasubramanian, K. 2,3,4; Geiss, K.T. 5; Basak, S.C. 1; Email Address: sbasak@nrri.umn.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, 5013 Miller Trunk Hwy., Duluth, MN 55811, USA; 2 : Department of Applied Science, University of California Davis, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 3 : Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-268 Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 4 : Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 5 : Human Effectiveness Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 16 Issue 1/2, p121; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Chemicals; Subject Term: Electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: QSAR; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.etap.2003.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chi-Leung So, Donn
AU  - Via, Brian K.
AU  - Groom, Leslie H.
AU  - Schimleck, Laurence R.
AU  - Shupe, Todd F.
AU  - Kelley, Stephen S.
AU  - Rials, Timothy G.
T1  - NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY IN THE FOREST PRODUCTS INDUSTRY. (cover story)
JO  - Forest Products Journal
JF  - Forest Products Journal
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 54
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 16
PB  - Forest Products Society
SN  - 00157473
AB  - Discusses the efficiency of near infrared spectroscopy in material assessment in the forest products industry.  Implication of the use of near infrared spectroscopy technologies for wood quality; Capabilities of near infrared spectroscopy; Application of multivariate analysis in calibration model development.
KW  - INDUSTRIAL equipment
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - INDUSTRIAL efficiency
KW  - FOREST products industry
KW  - NEAR infrared spectroscopy
KW  - WOOD -- Quality
N1  - Accession Number: 12595251; Chi-Leung So, Donn 1; Via, Brian K. 2; Groom, Leslie H. 3; Schimleck, Laurence R. 4; Shupe, Todd F. 5; Kelley, Stephen S. 6; Rials, Timothy G. 7; Affiliations: 1: Postdoctoral Researcher, School of Renewable Natural Resources, LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; 2: School of Renewable Natural Resources, LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; 3: Project Leader, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360; 4: Assistant Professor, Warnell School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; 5: Associate Professor, School of Renewable Natural Resources, LSU Agricultural Center; 6: Principal Scientist, National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401; 7: Director, Tennessee Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, 2506 Jacob Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 54 Issue 3, p6; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL equipment; Thesaurus Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL efficiency; Thesaurus Term: FOREST products industry; Subject Term: NEAR infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: WOOD -- Quality; NAICS/Industry Codes: 113210 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484223 Forest products trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321999 All Other Miscellaneous Wood Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321113 Sawmills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484233 Forest products trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Covey, Curt
AU  - Achutarao, Krishna M.
AU  - Gleckler, Peter J.
AU  - Phillips, Thomas J.
AU  - Taylor, Karl E.
AU  - Wehner, Michael F.
T1  - Coupled ocean-atmosphere climate simulations compared with simulations using prescribed sea surface temperature: effect of a “perfect ocean”
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09218181
AB  - Results from atmospheric general circulation models, run with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice amounts set to observed values for the period 1979–1994, can be compared with “control run” simulations by the same atmosphere models coupled to interactive ocean and sea ice models. The simulations with prescribed SSTs and sea ice are available from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP), and coupled ocean-atmosphere simulations are available from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). We compare CMIP runs from two coupled models sharing a common atmosphere component (but different ocean components) with the atmosphere component''s AMIP run. All three simulations have similar errors that presumably originate in the atmosphere component. Replacing the observed SSTs and sea ice amounts in the AMIP simulation with the interactive submodels used in the CMIP simulations tends to degrade the level of agreement with climate observations. Increases in root-mean-square (RMS) errors, however, are mostly less than 30% and often less than 10% of the magnitude of natural climate variations. Exceptions to this rule occur mainly in the tropics, most notably for geopotential height at 500 hPa and for temperature near the tropopause. These variables show increases in RMS errors that are comparable to observational standard deviations. The coupled model simulations are taken from the end of 300 year control runs without flux “corrections” at the ocean-atmosphere interface. Their similarity to results from the prescribed SST atmosphere model implies that modern coupled models can maintain stable multicentury simulations without flux adjustments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Standard deviations
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - AMIP
KW  - CMIP
KW  - Sea surface temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 12236047; Covey, Curt; Email Address: covey1@llnl.gov; Achutarao, Krishna M. 1; Gleckler, Peter J. 1; Phillips, Thomas J. 1; Taylor, Karl E. 1; Wehner, Michael F.; Affiliations: 1 : Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, L-103, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Subject Term: Standard deviations; Subject Term: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: AMIP; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMIP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sea surface temperature; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Walker, Iain
T1  - Zero Home Energy?
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar/Apr2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 2
EP  - 2
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Talks about the plans devoted to fund the building industry in developing the new technology required to achieve zero-energy homes as of April 2004.  Definition of zero energy; Design considerations for zero-energy homes; Reason why more zero-energy homes are not built.
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Technology
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Construction industry
KW  - Housing
N1  - Accession Number: 12601229; Walker, Iain 1; Affiliations: 1 : Researcher, Indoor Environmental Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory;  Source Info: Mar/Apr2004, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p2; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Thesaurus Term: Energy conservation; Subject Term: Construction industry; Subject Term: Housing; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crivelli, Silvia
AU  - Head-Gordon, Teresa
T1  - A new load-balancing strategy for the solution of dynamical large-tree- search problems using a hierarchical approach.
JO  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
JF  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 160
SN  - 00188646
AB  - We describe a new load-balancing strategy,applied here to the protein structure prediction problem, for improving the efficiency of the hierarchical approach when dealing with coarse-grained problems associated with large tree searches. Unlike other load-balancing strategies that reassign load from the heavily loaded processors to the lightly loaded or idle ones, the proposed strategy changes the virtual communication tree among the processors as the computational tree changes. The strategy incurs minimal overhead and is scalable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IBM Journal of Research & Development is the property of IBM Corporation/IBM Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - COMPUTER science
N1  - Accession Number: 12908440; Crivelli, Silvia 1; Email Address: SNCrivelli@lbl.gov; Head-Gordon, Teresa 2; Email Address: TLHeadGordon@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; 2: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p153; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: PERSONAL computers; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fann, George
AU  - Beylkin, Gregory
AU  - Harrison, Robert J.
AU  - Jordan, Kirk E.
T1  - Singular operators in multiwavelet bases.
JO  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
JF  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 171
SN  - 00188646
AB  - We review some recent results on multiwavelet methods for solving integral and partial differential equations and present an efficient representation of operators using discontinuous multiwavelet bases, including the case for singular integral operators. Numerical calculus using these representations produces fast O (N )methods for multiscale solution of integral equations when combined with low separation rank methods. Using this formulation, we compute the Hilbert transform and solve the Poisson and Schrödinger equations. For a fixed order of multiwavelets and for arbitrary but finite-precision computations, the computational complexity is O (N ). The computational structures are similar to fast multipole methods but are more generic in yielding fast O (N )algorithm development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IBM Journal of Research & Development is the property of IBM Corporation/IBM Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - WAVELETS (Mathematics)
KW  - CALCULUS
N1  - Accession Number: 12908425; Fann, George 1; Email Address: gif@ornl.gov; Beylkin, Gregory 2; Email Address: beylkin@colorado.edu; Harrison, Robert J. 3; Email Address: harrisonrj@ornl.gov; Jordan, Kirk E. 4; Email Address: kjordan@us.ibm.com; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; 2: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309; 3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; 4: IBM Life Sciences Solutions, One Rogers Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p161; Thesaurus Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: WAVELETS (Mathematics); Subject Term: CALCULUS; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kramer, William T. C.
AU  - Shoshani, Arie
AU  - Agarwal, Deborah A.
AU  - Draney, Brent R.
AU  - Jin, Guojun
AU  - Butler, Gregory F.
AU  - Hules, John A.
T1  - Deep scientific computing requires deep data.
JO  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
JF  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 232
SN  - 00188646
AB  - Increasingly, scientific advances require the fusion of large amounts of complex data with extraordinary amounts of computational power. The problems of deep science demand deep computing and deep storage resources. In addition to teraflop-range computing engines with their own local storage, facilities must provide large data repositories of the order of 10--100 petabytes, and networking to allow the movement of multi-terabyte files in a timely and secure manner. This paper examines such problems and identfies associated challenges. The paper discusses some of the storage systems and data management methods that are needed for computing facilities to address the challenges and describes some ongoing improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IBM Journal of Research & Development is the property of IBM Corporation/IBM Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - COMPUTER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12908455; Kramer, William T. C. 1; Email Address: WTKramer@lbl.gov; Shoshani, Arie 2; Email Address: AShoshani@lbl.gov; Agarwal, Deborah A. 2; Email Address: DAAgarwal@lbl.gov; Draney, Brent R. 1; Email Address: BRDraney@lbl.gov; Jin, Guojun 2; Email Address: G_Jin@lbl.gov; Butler, Gregory F. 1; Email Address: GFButler@lbl.gov; Hules, John A. 3; Email Address: JAHules@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Research Scientific Computing (NERSC) Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; 2: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; 3: Information Technologies and Services Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p209; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER science; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION technology; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 7 Color Photographs, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasquez, Jose
AU  - Rodriguez, Victor
AU  - Reagor, David
T1  - Underground Wireless Communications Using High-Temperature Superconducting Receivers.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
EP  - 53
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The authors have developed a method for communicating in underground areas with voice. This system utilizes low-frequency electromagnetic radiation and high-temperature superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) as receivers. The system is primarily used to communicate in underground areas using through-the-earth electromagnetic waves. The underground areas are typically mines, but the application is not restricted to that purpose. The communication channel is being used to send voice that has been digitally compressed. Typical rock masses do not allow conventional radio frequency electromagnetic waves to penetrate significant distances. Here, the authors use carrier frequencies of a few kilohertz that penetrate hundreds of meters into rock masses. They are using low-noise broadband superconducting receivers and have established that the signals propagate several hundred meters with modest power levels. Audio has been successfully received at distances in excess of 100 m through solid rock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC theory
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - FREQUENCY meters
KW  - Audio coding
KW  - digital communication
KW  - high-temperature superconductors
KW  - propagation of radio waves
KW  - superconducting device noise
KW  - superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs)
KW  - underground electromagnetic propagation.
N1  - Accession Number: 13046656; Vasquez, Jose 1; Rodriguez, Victor 1; Reagor, David 1; Affiliations: 1: LOS Alamos National Laboratory, Los 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p46; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC theory; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: FREQUENCY meters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Audio coding; Author-Supplied Keyword: digital communication; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-temperature superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: propagation of radio waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting device noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs); Author-Supplied Keyword: underground electromagnetic propagation.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.824335
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strologas, John
AU  - Hess, Karl
T1  - Diffusion Capacitance and Laser Diodes.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
PY  - 2004/03//
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 506
EP  - 509
SN  - 00189383
AB  - The well-known diffusion capacitance is critical in determining the modulation response of p-n junctions and particularly of laser diodes. In this brief, we investigate the diffusion capacitance of a diode, as a function of the physical length of the diode and the carrier lifetimes in the narrow active region. We show that diode length and lifetime together, and not just the lifetime (which is well known), determine the bandwidth of the diode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIODES
KW  - ELECTRONS -- Diffusion
KW  - ELECTRIC capacity
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR junctions
KW  - MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
N1  - Accession Number: 12871773; Source Information: Mar2004, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p506; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: ELECTRONS -- Diffusion; Subject Term: ELECTRIC capacity; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR junctions; Subject Term: MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors; Subject Term: BANDWIDTHS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 4p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1 109/TED.2003.822345
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinyi Qi
T1  - Analysis of Lesion Detectability in Bayesian Emission Reconstruction With Nonstationary Object Variability.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
PY  - 2004/03//
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 329
SN  - 02780062
AB  - Bayesian methods based on the maximum a posteriori principle (also called penalized maximum-likelihood methods) have been developed to improve image quality in emission tomography. To explore the full potential of Bayesian reconstruction for lesion detection, we derive simplified theoretical expressions that allow fast evaluation of the delectability of a lesion in Bayesian reconstruction. This work is builded on the recent progress on the theoretical analysis of image properties of statistical reconstructions and the development of numerical observers. We explicitly model the nonstationary variation of the lesion and background without assuming that they are locally stationary. The results can be used to choose the optimum prior parameters for the maximum lesion detectability. The theoretical results are validated using Monte Carlo simulations. The comparisons show good agreement between the theoretical predictions and the Monte Carlo results. We also demonstrate that the lesion detectability can be reliably estimated using one noisy data set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRECANCEROUS conditions
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 12657375; Source Information: Mar2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p321; Subject Term: PRECANCEROUS conditions; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMI.2004.824239
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gui-Jia Su, Iqbal
AU  - McKeever, John W.
T1  - Low-Cost Sensorless Control of Brushless DC Motors With Improved Speed Range.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
PY  - 2004/03//
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
EP  - 302
SN  - 08858993
AB  - This paper presents a low-cost position sensorless control scheme for brushless dc motors. Rotor position information is extracted by Indirectly sensing. the back EMF from only one of the three motor-terminal voltages for a three-phase motor. Depending on the terminal voltage sensing locations, either a low-pass filter or a band-pass filter is used for, position information retrieval. This leads to a significant reduction in the component count of the sensing circuit. The cost saving is further increased by coupling the sensing circuit with a single-chip microprocessor or digital signal processor for speed control. In addition, a look-up-tabIe-based correction for the nonideal phase delay introduced by the filter is suggested to ensure accurate position detection even at low speed. This extends the operating speed range and improves motor efficiency. Experimental results are included to verify the proposed scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOTORS
KW  - DIRECT currents
KW  - ROTORS
KW  - SIGNAL processing -- Digital techniques
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - POWER electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 12812592; Source Information: Mar2004, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p296; Subject Term: MOTORS; Subject Term: DIRECT currents; Subject Term: ROTORS; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing -- Digital techniques; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 7p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2003.823174
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peng, Fang Z.
AU  - Gui-Jia Su, Fang Z.
AU  - Tolbert, Leon M.
T1  - A Passive Soft-Switching Snubber for PWM Inverters.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
PY  - 2004/03//
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 370
SN  - 08858993
AB  - This paper presents a regenerative passive snubber circuit for pulse-width modulation (PWM) inverters to achieve soft-switching purposes without significant cost and reliability penalties. This passive soft-switching snubber (PSSS) employs a diode/capacitor snubber circuit for each switching device in an inverter to provide low dv/dt and low switching losses to the device. The PSSS further was a transformer-based energy regenerative circuit to recover the energy captured in the snubber capacitors. All components in the PSSS circuit are passive, thus leading to reliable and low-cost advantages over those soft-switching schemes relying on additional active switches. The snubber has been incorporated into a 150 kVA PWM inverter. Simulation and experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity and features of the snubber circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC inverters
KW  - PULSE-width modulation
KW  - SWITCHING circuits
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - DIODES
KW  - POWER electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 12812599; Source Information: Mar2004, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p363; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inverters; Subject Term: PULSE-width modulation; Subject Term: SWITCHING circuits; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 8p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2003.823204
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fauth, Daniel J.
AU  - Hoffman, James S.
AU  - Pennline, Henry W.
T1  - Dry regenerable sorbents for the separation and capture of CO2 from large point sources.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
EP  - 81
SN  - 14662132
AB  - The combustion of fossil fuels generates large quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas most likely to influence global warming and climate change. Large stationary sources that include coal-based electric generating stations are plausible targets for the removal of CO2. Chemical absorption of CO2 is viewed as one option that could be applicable for its separation from both fuel gas and flue gas streams. Processes based on solid regenerable sorbents that efficiently absorb CO2 and release it in concentrated form have the potential to be cost-effective relative to solvent-based practices. This communication summarises a preliminary investigation exploring the reaction of CO2 with a number of calcium-based sorbents using a thermogravimetric (TG) analyser. Upon reaction at high temperature with pure CO2, these materials are converted into metal carbonates. Thermal regeneration of the sorbents was accomplished upon heating spent materials to higher temperature in a nitrogen stream. TG studies show the absorption reaction for Ca-based materials was initially rapid and then entered into a slower kinetic regime. Multi-cycle testing conducted within the TG analyser indicated sorbents could be regenerated and reused. Theoretical conversions ranging from 50-75% were observed for the calcium/zirconia sorbents in comparison to 15-20% for the calcium/lanthanum-doped alumina sorbent. Improved conversion was attributed to the pore size differential between mesoporous zirconia and microporous lanthanum-alumina. TG studies performed at 500°C with lithium zirconate show that the rate of CO2 absorption was continuous with time on stream. Under nitrogen, rapid regeneration of the lithium carbonate product occurred at temperatures greater than 700°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management is the property of Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON sequestration
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - LITHIUM zirconate
KW  - SORBENTS
KW  - SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - Calcium oxide
KW  - carbon capture
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - lithium zirconate
KW  - solid regenerable sorbents.
N1  - Accession Number: 13965024; Fauth, Daniel J. 1; Email Address: Fauth@netl.doe.gov; Hoffman, James S. 1; Email Address: jhoffman@netl.doe.gov; Pennline, Henry W. 1; Email Address: pennline@netl.doe.gov; Affiliations: 1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1/2, p68; Subject Term: CARBON sequestration; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: LITHIUM zirconate; Subject Term: SORBENTS; Subject Term: SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon capture; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: lithium zirconate; Author-Supplied Keyword: solid regenerable sorbents.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, M. L.
AU  - Soong, Y.
AU  - Champagne, K. J.
AU  - Pennline, H. W.
AU  - Baltrus, J.
AU  - Stevens Jr., R. W.
AU  - Khatri, R.
AU  - Chuang, S. S. C.
T1  - Capture of carbon dioxide by solid amine sorbents.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
EP  - 88
SN  - 14662132
AB  - The reaction of tetraethylorthrosilcate (TEOS) with y-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS) has produced stable solid amine sorbents for the capture of carbon dioxide. The resulting amine-enriched silicon sorbent (SBA-15) has been proven to be competitive with existing environmental CO2 controlled life sorbents based on the immobilised amine technology. XPS analysis has indicated that the amine groups (N1s Peak) were incorporated onto the surfaces of this amine-based sorbent in the range of 7%. The performance of the SBA-15 was comparable to the commercially available immobilised amine sorbent (IAS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management is the property of Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - SORBENTS
KW  - AMINES
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - amine sorbent
KW  - capture
KW  - carbon dioxide.
N1  - Accession Number: 13965025; Gray, M. L. 1; Email Address: Gray@netl.doe.gov; Soong, Y. 1; Email Address: Yee.Soong@netl.doe.gov; Champagne, K. J. 1; Email Address: Kenneth.Champagne@netl.doe.gov; Pennline, H. W. 1; Email Address: pennline@netl.doe.gov; Baltrus, J. 1; Email Address: BALTRUS@netl.doe.gov; Stevens Jr., R. W. 1; Email Address: rstevens@uakron.edu; Khatri, R. 1; Email Address: rkhartri@uakron.edu; Chuang, S. S. C. 1; Email Address: schuang@uakron.edu; Affiliations: 1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1/2, p82; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: SORBENTS; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: amine sorbent; Author-Supplied Keyword: capture; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Webb, M. Diana
AU  - Balice, Randy G.
T1  - A real-time wildfire model for Los Alamos, New Mexico.
JO  - International Journal of Technology Transfer & Commercialisation
JF  - International Journal of Technology Transfer & Commercialisation
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 14706075
AB  - The article focuses on the a real-time wildfire simulation modelling application to assist in fighting wildland fires as they occur, developed by ecologists and fire behaviour specialists at Los Alamos National Laboratory.To assist in preventing catastrophic losses from future fires, laboratory scientists adapted topographic, vegetation, and weather data layers to work with the FARSITE fire model to be able to predict fire behaviour on a real-time basis during a wildfire emergency and to plan for fighting real fires.
KW  - SPECIALISTS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - EMERGENCY management
KW  - WILDFIRES
KW  - FOREST fires -- Prevention & control
KW  - REAL-time control
KW  - emergency operations
KW  - FARSITE
KW  - forest fires.
KW  - geographic information system
KW  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
KW  - wildfire hazard management
KW  - wildfire modelling
KW  - wildfire simulation
KW  - wildland fires
N1  - Accession Number: 14876892; Webb, M. Diana 1; Email Address: dwebb@lanl.gov; Balice, Randy G. 1; Email Address: balice@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Policy Office, Director, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA. ' Policy Office, Director, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA.; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p1; Thesaurus Term: SPECIALISTS; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: EMERGENCY management; Subject Term: WILDFIRES; Subject Term: FOREST fires -- Prevention & control; Subject Term: REAL-time control; Author-Supplied Keyword: emergency operations; Author-Supplied Keyword: FARSITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest fires.; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographic information system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Author-Supplied Keyword: wildfire hazard management; Author-Supplied Keyword: wildfire modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: wildfire simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: wildland fires; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911290 Other federal protective services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912190 Other provincial protective services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913190 Other municipal protective services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115310 Support Activities for Forestry; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, C. H.
AU  - Schadler, L. S.
AU  - Beyerlein, I. J.
T1  - Stress Concentrations in Graphite/Epoxy Model Composites During Creep at Room Temperature and Elevated Temperatures.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 433
SN  - 00219983
AB  - Micro Raman spectroscopy (MRS) was used to monitor the change in the local stress concentrations surrounding a single fiber break in 2-dimensional graphite fiber/epoxy composites during creep at room temperature and elevated temperatures up to 80°C. The experimental results were compared with a few shear-lag-based multi fiber composite models: Hedgepeth, which assumes perfect bonding between the linear elastic fiber and shear-only matrix: MSSL, which additionally accounts for the axial stiffness of the matrix: and VBI, which assumes a viscoelastic shear-only matrix Instead of assuming time-independent stress concentrations around a fiber break as in previous models, this work investigated the change in the stress concentrations due to the local matrix creep. The VBI model uses parameters measured from unreinforced matrix creep tests to predict the time dependent strain-stress evolution in the composite around fiber breaks. The stress concentrations of the nearby intact fibers were found to change due to the combined effects of temperature sensitive matrix creep and creep-driven inelastic zone growth emanating from the fiber break, which were in good agreement with the VBI predictions in the absence of significant inelastic zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS concentration
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - EPOXY resins
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - creep
KW  - elevated temperature
KW  - Micro Raman Spectroscopy
KW  - polymer composites
KW  - shear-lag model
KW  - stress concentration
N1  - Accession Number: 12816779; Zhou, C. H. 1; Schadler, L. S. 1; Email Address: schadl@rpi.edu; Beyerlein, I. J. 2; Source Information: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p417; Subject: STRESS concentration; Subject: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject: FIBERS; Subject: EPOXY resins; Subject: COMPOSITE materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro Raman Spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: polymer composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: shear-lag model; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress concentration; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304040551
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budd, R.L.
AU  - Gonzales, G.J.
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Lopez, E.A.
T1  - The Uptake and Distribution of Buried Radionuclides by Pocket Gophers (Thomomys bottae).
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
EP  - 625
SN  - 10934529
AB  - Material Disposal Area G (Area G) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory is a low-level radioactive waste disposal facility. The noticeably high activity of pocket gophers on closed waste burial sites of various types at Area G resulted in the need to understand possible interactions between gophers and radioactive waste. Fossorial animals can influence the fate of contaminants by directly burrowing into waste trenches, pushing contaminated soil to the surface, or through indirect mechanisms such as consumption of contaminant-laden vegetation or the ingestion of soil. In our study, pocket gophers, mound soil, surface soil, and vegetation were collected at Area G and at offsite reference locations. The samples were analyzed for 241Am, 238Pu, 239Pu, 3H, and total U. It did not appear that gophers were responsible for any upward transport of radionuclides. Concentrations of 241Am, 238Pu, 239Pu, and 3H in some gophers, soil, and vegetation were higher than at reference sites; however, only 3H in gopher carcasses at only one of five sites within Area G was higher than a conservative ecological screening level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Low-level radiation
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Tritium
KW  - Rodents
KW  - Thomomys bottae
KW  - Low-level radioactive waste
N1  - Accession Number: 12293258; Budd, R.L. 1; Gonzales, G.J. 1; Email Address: gonzales_g@lanl.gov; Fresquez, P.R. 1; Lopez, E.A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p611; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Low-level radiation; Thesaurus Term: Plutonium; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Subject Term: Tritium; Subject Term: Rodents; Subject Term: Thomomys bottae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-level radioactive waste; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/ESE-120027728
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ross, Sharon A.
AU  - Srinivas, Pothur R.
AU  - Clifford, Andrew J.
AU  - Lee, Stephen c.
AU  - Philbert, Martin A.
AU  - Hettich, Robert L.
T1  - New Technologies for Nutrition Research.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 134
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 685
SN  - 00223166
AB  - The Experimental Biology 2003 symposium entitled "New Technologies for Nutrition Research" was organized to highlight new and emerging technologies, including nanotechnology and proteomics, and to suggest ways for their integration into nutrition research. Speakers focused on topics that included accelerator mass spectrometry for ultra-low level radiolabel tracing, nanodevices for real-time optical intracellular sensing, mass spectrometric techniques for examining protein expression, as well as potential applications for nanotechnology in the food sciences. These technologies may be particularly useful in obtaining accurate spatial information and low-level detection of essential and nonessential bioactive food components (nutrients) and their metabolites, and in enhancing the understanding of the impact of nutrient/metabolite and biomolecular interactions. Highlights from this symposium are presented briefly herein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - NUTRITION
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL biology
KW  - accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - bioactive food components
KW  - food science
N1  - Accession Number: 12732780; Ross, Sharon A. 1; Email Address: rossha@mail.nih.gov; Srinivas, Pothur R. 2; Clifford, Andrew J. 3; Lee, Stephen c. 4; Philbert, Martin A. 5; Hettich, Robert L. 6; Source Information: Mar2004, Vol. 134 Issue 3, p681; Subject: RESEARCH; Subject: NUTRITION; Subject: TECHNOLOGY; Subject: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject: PROTEOMICS; Subject: EXPERIMENTAL biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioactive food components; Author-Supplied Keyword: food science; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, Timothy
AU  - Demkowicz, Leszek
AU  - Charles, Richard
T1  - Boundary element modeling of the external human auditory system.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 115
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1033
EP  - 1043
SN  - 00014966
AB  - In this paper the response of the external auditory system to acoustical waves of varying frequencies and angles of incidence is computed using a boundary element method. The resonance patterns of both the ear canal and the concha are computed and compared with experimental data. Specialized numerical algorithms are developed that allow for the efficient computation of the eardrum pressures. In contrast to previous results in the literature that consider only the "blocked meatus" configuration, in this work the simulations are conducted on a boundary element mesh that includes both the external head/ear geometry, as well as the ear canal and eardrum. The simulation technology developed in this work is intended to demonstrate the utility of numerical analysis in studying physical phenomena related to the external auditory system. Later work could extend this towards simulating in situ hearing aids, and possibly using the simulations as a tool for optimizing hearing aid technologies for particular individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUDITORY pathways
KW  - HEARING
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - EXTERNAL ear
KW  - TYMPANIC membrane
N1  - Accession Number: 20665891; Walsh, Timothy 1; Demkowicz, Leszek 2; Charles, Richard 3; Affiliations: 1 : Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0835, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; 2 : Texas Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics, The University of Texas at Austin, ACES 6.332, Austin, Texas 78712; 3 : Sulzer Carbomedics, 1300 E. Anderson Lane, Austin, Texas 78752;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 115 Issue 3, p1033; Subject Term: AUDITORY pathways; Subject Term: HEARING; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Subject Term: EXTERNAL ear; Subject Term: TYMPANIC membrane; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 23 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 24 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1643360
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Brian J.
T1  - Visualizing Statistical Models and Concepts (Book).
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 99
IS  - 465
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 292
EP  - 292
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews the book "Visualizing Statistical Models and Concepts," by R.W. Farebrother.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - FAREBROTHER, R. W.
KW  - VISUALIZING Statistical Models & Concepts (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12782319; Williams, Brian J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 99 Issue 465, p292; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: VISUALIZING Statistical Models & Concepts (Book); People: FAREBROTHER, R. W.; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kulp, Thomas J.
AU  - Kliner, Dahv A. V.
AU  - Armstrong, Karla M.
AU  - Goers, Uta-Barbara
AU  - Sommers, Ricky
AU  - Bambha, Ray P.
AU  - Reichardt, Thomas A.
AU  - Schmitt, Randall
T1  - Portable laser-based imager offers efficient hydrocarbon detection.
JO  - Laser Focus World
JF  - Laser Focus World
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 98
PB  - PennWell Corporation
SN  - 10438092
AB  - Focuses on the infrared wavelengths enabling backscatter-absorption gas imaging in natural gas and petroleum industry applications.  Application of laser and sensor technologies; Visualization of methane and larger hydrocarbon vapors; Increase in the speed of leak detection operations.
KW  - INDUSTRIAL applications
KW  - GAS industry
KW  - PETROLEUM industry
KW  - INFRARED technology
KW  - LASERS
KW  - LEAK detectors
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - IMAGING systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12614938; Kulp, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: tjkulp@sandia.gov; Kliner, Dahv A. V. 1; Armstrong, Karla M. 1; Goers, Uta-Barbara 1; Sommers, Ricky 1; Bambha, Ray P. 1; Reichardt, Thomas A. 1; Schmitt, Randall 1; Affiliations: 1: Diagnostic and Remote Sensing Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, Canada; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p93; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL applications; Thesaurus Term: GAS industry; Thesaurus Term: PETROLEUM industry; Subject Term: INFRARED technology; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: LEAK detectors; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213112 Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454311 Heating oil dealers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hardin, Craig W.
AU  - Qu, Jun
AU  - Shih, Albert J.
T1  - Fixed Abrasive Diamond Wire Saw Slicing of Single-Crystal Silicon Carbide Wafers.
JO  - Materials & Manufacturing Processes
JF  - Materials & Manufacturing Processes
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
EP  - 367
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10426914
AB  - This article investigates the slicing of single-crystal silicon carbide (SiC) with a fixed abrasive diamond wire. A spool-to-spool rocking motion diamond wire saw machine using a 0.22 mm nominal diameter diamond wire with 20 µm average size diamond grit was used. The effect of wire downfeed speed on wafer surface roughness and subsurface damage was first investigated. The surface marks generated by loose diamond grit and stagnation of the wire during the change of the wire-cutting direction were studied. The use of scanning acoustic microscopy (SAcM) as a nondestructive evaluation method to identify the subsurface damage was explored. Effects of using a new diamond wire on cutting forces and surface roughness were also investigated. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to examine the machined surfaces and wire wear. This study demonstrated the feasibility of fixed abrasive diamond wire cutting of SiC wafers and the usage of a SAcM to examine the subsurface damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Materials & Manufacturing Processes is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ACOUSTIC microscopy
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - Diamond wire
KW  - Scanning acoustic microscopy
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Wafer slicing
KW  - Wire saw
N1  - Accession Number: 12846692; Hardin, Craig W. 1; Qu, Jun 2; Shih, Albert J. 3; Email Address: shiha@umich.edu; Affiliations: 1: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; 3: Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p355; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond wire; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning acoustic microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wafer slicing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire saw; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/AMP-120029960
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12846692&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D. Kline
AU  - L. Vimmerstedt
AU  - R. Benioff
T1  - Clean energy technology transfer: A review of programs under the UNFCCC.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 35
SN  - 13812386
AB  - This paper describes the experience and results of programs designed to operationalize the technology transfer provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). These programs share a common goal of demonstrating modalities for developed country parties to fulfill their obligation under the UNFCCC to support technology transfer to developing country parties that facilitates their participation in global efforts to combat climate changes. Several related U.S. bilateral programs and programs supported by the Climate Technology Initiative, a multilateral effort on behalf of a number of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, are included in this review. The discussion highlights a number of common elements of the approaches of many of these programs as well as some differences. It presents case studies that focus on methods and results in China, Mexico, and Southern Africa, and catalogues and describes the implementation activities and results that these programs have achieved. It concludes by assessing the implications of this experience for the international community as it moves forward with the climate change technology transfer enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Technology transfer
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Force & energy
KW  - Developed countries
N1  - Accession Number: 20391751; D. Kline 1; L. Vimmerstedt 1; R. Benioff 1; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Technology transfer; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Force & energy; Subject: Developed countries; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edward Vine
T1  - Regulatory Constraints to Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems and Geologic Formations: A California Perspective.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 95
SN  - 13812386
AB  - Carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems and geologic formations provides a significant opportunity for California to address global climate change. The physical size of its resources (e.g., forests, agriculture, soils, rangeland, and geologic formations) and the expertise in California provides a substantial foundation for developing carbon sequestration activities. Furthermore, the co-benefits of carbon sequestration – such as improved soil and water quality, restoration of degraded ecosystems, increased plant and crop productivity, and enhanced oil recovery – are significant. In fact, carbon sequestration often represents a `no regrets'' strategy – implementing carbon sequestration provides multiple benefits, even without the advent of global climate change. Nevertheless, researchers need to address several issues to determine more accurately the potential, benefits, and costs of sequestering carbon in California''s terrestrial ecosystems and geologic formations, as well as to identify the most promising sequestration methods and their optimal implementation. One key issue is the type of regulatory constraints facing developers of carbon sequestration projects: what permits are needed for developing these projects? The permitting process may impede the penetration of sequestration technologies into the market if the costs (including transaction costs) of obtaining the permits are too burdensome and costly. For example, at least nine federal regulations and seven state regulations will potentially influence carbon sequestration projects in California. This paper also provides an example of the types of permits needed for developing a carbon sequestration project, using California as an example. It is possible that a carbon sequestration project may have to obtain a total of 15 permits (3 federal, 6 state, 6 local), before it even starts to operate. In the concluding section, we offer some suggested areas for research and activities for policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Formations (Geology)
N1  - Accession Number: 20391753; Edward Vine 1; Affiliations: 1 : California Institute for Energy Efficiency, C/o Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720-8136, USA; E-mail: Edward.Vine@ucop.edu;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p77; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Formations (Geology); Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Hara, John
T1  - Plant Modernization Programs.
JO  - Nuclear Plant Journal
JF  - Nuclear Plant Journal
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar-Apr2004
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 48
PB  - Presidents & Prime Ministers
SN  - 08922055
AB  - Focuses on the modernization programs of nuclear power plants. Improvement in operator and plant performance with the use of analog instrumentation and control technology among engineers; Number of organizational and programmatic issues about the technology change on human performance; Integration of human factors engineering principles into the overall design approach.
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - INDUSTRIAL technicians
KW  - HIGH technology
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - DESIGN -- Human factors
N1  - Accession Number: 16110546; O'Hara, John 1; Email Address: ohara@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 130, Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Mar-Apr2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p47; Thesaurus Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL technicians; Thesaurus Term: HIGH technology; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: DESIGN -- Human factors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Perspectives on Industrial Ecology: Dominique Bourg, Suren Erkman (Eds.) (with a foreword of President Jacques Chirac), Greenleaf Publishing, Sheffield, UK, March 2003, Hardback, ISBN 1-874719-46-2, 356 pp.
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 273
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 12740995; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p273; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(03)00098-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Eco-Service Development: Reinventing Supply and Demand in the European Union: Siegfried Behrendt, Christine Jasch, Jaap Kortman, Gabriele Hrauda, Ralf Pfitzner, Daniela Velte (Eds.), Greenleaf Publishing, Sheffield, UK, January 2003, Hardback, ISBN 1-874719-44-6, 216 pp.
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 277
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 12740996; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p277; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(03)00099-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenzel, Thomas P.
AD  - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U CA, Berkeley
T1  - Short-Term Emissions Deterioration in the California and Phoenix I/M Programs
JO  - Transportation Research: Part D: Transport and Environment
JF  - Transportation Research: Part D: Transport and Environment
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
SP  - 107
EP  - 124
SN  - 13619209
N1  - Accession Number: 0682782 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Vehicles; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200404
N2  - An earlier analysis of the inspection and maintenance (I/M) program in Phoenix, Arizona [Environ. Sci. Policy 4 (2001) 377] found that fleet average emissions increased or "deteriorated" substantially between biennial I/M test cycles, and that a large fraction of the vehicles that initially failed and later passed in the first I/M cycle failed again two years later. In this paper we study vehicles that reported for a second I/M cycle well before their required biennial cycle, often because the subject vehicle was about to be sold to a new owner, in the decentralized California ASM program and the centralized Phoenix IM240 program. Because the off-cycle tests occurred at different times after the initial cycle, they allow the analysis of repeat failure rates over the shorter term (less than two years). We found that in California 20% of fail-pass vehicles, and 5% of initial-pass vehicles, failed the initial test of their next I/M cycle occurring within three months of completing the previous cycle; the failure rates were even higher in the centralized Phoenix program. This suggests that highly variable emissions, and not test fraud, were the cause of the large number of vehicles failing so soon after completing a previous I/M cycle. According to a model, as much as 74% of the vehicles that failed their initial test in Phoenix passed a retest because of emissions variability, and not because any repairs were performed. Vehicles with highly variable emissions may not only fail and pass a subsequent retest without repair, but also are likely to fail again if tested shortly thereafter. A large number of these vehicles may explain the apparent rapid increase or "deterioration" in fleet emissions observed in multiple years of I/M test result data.
KW  - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling          Q53
KW  - Environmental Economics: Government Policy          Q58
KW  - Transportation Economics: Government Pricing and Policy          R48
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0682782&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2003.09.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tyson, Gene W.
AU  - Chapman, Jarrod
AU  - Hugenholtz, Philip
AU  - Allen, Eric E.
AU  - Ram, Rachna J.
AU  - Richardson, Paul M.
AU  - Solovyev, Victor V.
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel S.
AU  - Banfield, Jillian F.
T1  - Community structure and metabolism through reconstruction of microbial genomes from the environment.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/03/04/
VL  - 428
IS  - 6978
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 43
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Microbial communities are vital in the functioning of all ecosystems; however, most microorganisms are uncultivated, and their roles in natural systems are unclear. Here, using random shotgun sequencing of DNA from a natural acidophilic biofilm, we report reconstruction of near-complete genomes of Leptospirillum group II and Ferroplasma type II, and partial recovery of three other genomes. This was possible because the biofilm was dominated by a small number of species populations and the frequency of genomic rearrangements and gene insertions or deletions was relatively low. Because each sequence read came from a different individual, we could determine that single-nucleotide polymorphisms are the predominant form of heterogeneity at the strain level. The Leptospirillum group II genome had remarkably few nucleotide polymorphisms, despite the existence of low-abundance variants. The Ferroplasma type II genome seems to be a composite from three ancestral strains that have undergone homologous recombination to form a large population of mosaic genomes. Analysis of the gene complement for each organism revealed the pathways for carbon and nitrogen fixation and energy generation, and provided insights into survival strategies in an extreme environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - BIOFILMS
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 12430328; Tyson, Gene W. 1; Chapman, Jarrod 2; Hugenholtz, Philip 1; Allen, Eric E. 1; Ram, Rachna J. 1; Richardson, Paul M. 3; Solovyev, Victor V. 3; Rubin, Edward M. 3; Rokhsar, Daniel S. 2; Banfield, Jillian F. 4; Source Information: 3/4/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6978, p37; Subject: METABOLISM; Subject: BACTERIA; Subject: GENOMES; Subject: BIOTIC communities; Subject: BIOFILMS; Subject: NUCLEOTIDES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02340
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whicker, F. W.
AU  - Hinton, T. G.
AU  - MacDonell, M. M.
AU  - Pinder III, J. E.
AU  - Habegger, L. J.
T1  - Avoiding Destructive Remediation at DOE Sites.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/12/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5664
M3  - Article
SP  - 1615
EP  - 1616
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessor agencies pioneered atomic weapons, nuclear energy, and peaceful uses of radioisotopes, but operating practices that began half a century ago left a legacy of environmental contamination at more than 100 sites in 30 states covering 2 million acres as of March 2004. Unreasonably low cleanup criteria for radionuclide concentrations in these media thus can lead to unnecessary excavation, transport, and disposal elsewhere, all of which magnify costs and cause loss of habitat for fish and wildlife, as well as reduced biodiversity. Similar contrasts exist for the Hanford Site in Washington, the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, the Nevada Test Site, Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, and other large DOE properties.
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12620565; Whicker, F. W. 1; Email Address: ward.whicker@colostate.edu; Hinton, T. G. 2; MacDonell, M. M. 3; Pinder III, J. E. 1; Habegger, L. J. 3; Source Information: 3/12/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5664, p1615; Subject: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; Subject: NUCLEAR energy; Subject: BIODIVERSITY; Subject: NUCLEAR facilities; Geographic Terms: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2209
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kohara, S.
AU  - Suzuya, K.
AU  - Takeuchi, K.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
AU  - Grimsditch, M.
AU  - Weber, J. K. R.
AU  - Tangeman, J. A.
AU  - Key, T. S.
T1  - Glass Formation at the Limit of Insufficient NetworkFormers.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/12/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5664
M3  - Article
SP  - 1649
EP  - 1652
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Inorganic glasses normally exhibit a network of interconnected, covalent-bonded, structural elements that has no long-range order. In silicate glasses, the network formers are based on SiO[sub4] tetrahedra interconnected through oxygen atoms at the corners. Conventional wisdom implies that alkaline and alkalineearth orthosilicate materials cannot be vitrified, because they do not contain sufficient network-forming SiO[sub2] to establish the needed interconnectivity. We studied a bulk magnesium orthosilicate glass obtained by containerless melting and cooling. We found that the role of network former was largely taken on by corner and edge sharing of highly distorted, ionic Mg-O species that adopt 4-, 5-, and 6-coordination with oxygen. The results suggest that similar glassy phases may be found in the containerless environment of interstellar space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - CELL organelles -- Formation
KW  - TETRAHEDRA
KW  - IONIC structure
KW  - SILICA
KW  - SOLID geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12620578; Kohara, S. 1; Suzuya, K. 2; Takeuchi, K. 3; Loong, C.-K. 4; Email Address: ckloong@anl.gov; Grimsditch, M. 4; Weber, J. K. R. 5; Tangeman, J. A. 5; Key, T. S. 5; Source Information: 3/12/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5664, p1649; Subject: GLASS; Subject: CELL organelles -- Formation; Subject: TETRAHEDRA; Subject: IONIC structure; Subject: SILICA; Subject: SOLID geometry; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2980
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chan, Clara S.
AU  - De Stasio, Gelsomina
AU  - Weich, Susan A.
AU  - Girasole, Marco
AU  - Frazer, Bradley H.
AU  - Nesterova, Maria V.
AU  - Fakra, Sirine
AU  - Banfield, Jillian F.
T1  - Microbial Polysaccharides Template Assembly of NanocrystalFibers.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/12/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5664
M3  - Article
SP  - 1656
EP  - 1658
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Biological systems can produce extraordinary inorganic structures and morphologies. The mechanisms of synthesis are poorly understood but are of great interest for engineering novel materials. We use spectromicroscopy to show that microbially generated submicrometer-diameter iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) filaments contain polysaccharides, providing an explanation for the formation of akaganeite pseudo-single crystals with aspect ratios of ∼1000:1. We infer that the cells extrude the polysaccharide strands to localize FeOOH precipitation in proximity to the cell membrane to harness the proton gradient for energy generation. Characterization of organic compounds with high spatial resolution, correlated with mineralogical information, should improve our understanding of biomineralization mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIAL polysaccharides
KW  - MICROBIAL polymers
KW  - BIOPOLYMERS
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12620580; Chan, Clara S. 1; De Stasio, Gelsomina 2,3; Email Address: pupa@src.wisc.edu (G.D.S.); Weich, Susan A. 4; Girasole, Marco 5; Frazer, Bradley H. 2,3; Nesterova, Maria V. 4; Fakra, Sirine 6; Banfield, Jillian F. 1,4; Email Address: jill@eps.berkeley.edu (J.F.B.); Source Information: 3/12/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5664, p1656; Subject: MICROBIAL polysaccharides; Subject: MICROBIAL polymers; Subject: BIOPOLYMERS; Subject: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject: FIBERS; Subject: MORPHOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2774
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wassom, John S.
AU  - Sankaranarayanan, K.
T1  - The life and scientific legacy of William L. Russell (1910–2003)
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/03/14/
VL  - 558
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13835718
N1  - Accession Number: 12237981; Wassom, John S. 1; Email Address: wassomjs@ornl.gov; Sankaranarayanan, K. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Human Genome and Toxicology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory<FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.</FN>, 1060 Commerce Park (MS-6480), Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; 2 : Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Sylvius Laboratories, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL, Leiden, The Netherlands;  Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 558 Issue 1/2, p1; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.11.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiser, Ryan
AU  - Fowlie, Meredith
AU  - Holt, Ed
T1  - Authors’ response to the critique of “Public goods and private interests: understanding non-residential demand for green power”, by Lawrence Haar and Lamra N. Stanciu
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
SN  - 03014215
KW  - Customer choice
KW  - Green power
KW  - Renewable energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11257057; Wiser, Ryan 1; Email Address: rhwiser@lbl.gov; Fowlie, Meredith 2; Holt, Ed 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Ed Holt & Associates, 28 Headland Road, Harpswell, ME 04079, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p705; Author-Supplied Keyword: Customer choice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable energy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00333-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Dong, Weijin
AU  - Brown, Gilbert M.
AU  - Cole, David R.
T1  - Reply to Comment on "Complete Degradation of Perchlorate in Ferric Chloride and Hydrochloric Acid under Controlled Temperature and Pressure".
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1919
EP  - 1920
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Analysis of the economics of a treatment process will require consideration of the entire process. Ion exchange is among the preferred methods of removing trace quantities of perchlorates from contaminated water, and the selective ion-exchange process has been developed, based on a bifunctional resin. Because the process is so selective, the perchlorates is removed without the addition or subtraction of other constituents in the treated stream. The selective ion-exchange process becomes economically viable if the resin can further be regenerated, and a novel process involving the equilibrium formation of the ferric chloride anion in aqueous solution of ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid made it possible to regenerate the resin.
KW  - PERCHLORATES
KW  - PERCHLORIC acid
KW  - IRON compounds
KW  - HYDROCHLORIC acid
KW  - COPPER compounds
KW  - ION exchange resins
N1  - Accession Number: 12689870; Gu, Baohua 1; Dong, Weijin 1; Brown, Gilbert M. 1; Cole, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, MS 6036 1 Bethel Valley Road Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036.; Issue Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p1919; Subject Term: PERCHLORATES; Subject Term: PERCHLORIC acid; Subject Term: IRON compounds; Subject Term: HYDROCHLORIC acid; Subject Term: COPPER compounds; Subject Term: ION exchange resins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahn, K. H.
AU  - Lookman, T.
AU  - Bishop, A. R.
T1  - Strain-induced metal-insulator phase coexistence in perovskite manganites.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/03/25/
VL  - 428
IS  - 6981
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 404
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The coexistence of distinct metallic and insulating electronic phases within the same sample of a perovskite manganite, such as La1-x-yPryCaxMnO3, presents researchers with a tool for tuning the electronic properties in materials. In particular, colossal magnetoresistance in these materials-the dramatic reduction of resistivity in a magnetic field-is closely related to the observed texture owing to nanometre- and micrometre-scale inhomogeneities. Despite accumulated data from various high-resolution probes, a theoretical understanding for the existence of such inhomogeneities has been lacking. Mechanisms invoked so far, usually based on electronic mechanisms and chemical disorder, have been inadequate to describe the multiscale, multiphase coexistence within a unified picture. Moreover, lattice distortions and long-range strains are known to be important in the manganites. Here we show that the texturing can be due to the intrinsic complexity of a system with strong coupling between the electronic and elastic degrees of freedom. This leads to local energetically favourable configurations and provides a natural mechanism for the self-organized inhomogeneities over both nanometre and micrometre scales. The framework provides a physical understanding of various experimental results and a basis for engineering nanoscale patterns of metallic and insulating phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MATERIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12644193; Ahn, K. H. 1; Lookman, T. 1; Bishop, A. R. 1; Source Information: 3/25/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6981, p401; Subject: MANGANITE; Subject: PEROVSKITE; Subject: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject: MAGNETIC fields; Subject: ELECTRONICS; Subject: MATERIALS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02364
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norman, Michael
T1  - Have Cuprates Earned Their Stripes?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/26/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5666
M3  - Article
SP  - 1985
EP  - 1986
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The debate about how electrons behave in high-temperature cuprate superconductors seems to be never-ending. On one side are those who advocate that even though the electrons in these materials are strongly interacting, they can still be thought of as coherent waves propagating through a lattice of ions, leading to well-defined electronic states in momentum space. Superconducting regions exhibit a well-defined energy gap delimited by sharp spectral peaks, whereas pseudogap regions exhibit a smeared energy gap with no such peaks. This dichotomy has led to a debate concerning the interpretation of certain features seen in the Fourier transform of these spectra from real space to momentum space. One group has found a Fourier peak that appears to be nondispersive in energy, suggesting the formation of charged stripes in the material.
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12791490; Norman, Michael 1; Email Address: norman@anl.gov; Source Information: 3/26/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5666, p1985; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject: FOURIER transforms; Subject: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1231
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Derdeyn,, Cynthia A.
AU  - Decker, Julie M.
AU  - Bibollet-Ruche, Frederic
AU  - Mokili, John L.
AU  - Muldoon, Mark
AU  - Denham, Scott A.
AU  - Heil, Marintha L.
AU  - Kasolo, Francis
AU  - Musonda, Rosemary
AU  - Hahn, Beatrice H.
AU  - Shaw, George M.
AU  - Korber, Bette T.
AU  - Allen, Susan
AU  - Hunter, Eric
T1  - Envelope-Constrained Neutralization-Sensitive HIV-1 AfterHeterosexual Transmission.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/26/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5666
M3  - Article
SP  - 2019
EP  - 2022
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Heterosexual transmission accounts for the majority of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infections worldwide, yet the viral properties that determine transmission fitness or outgrowth have not been elucidated. Here we show, for eight heterosexual transmission pairs, that recipient viruses were monophyletic, encoding compact, glycan-restricted envelope glycoproteins. These viruses were also uniquely sensitive to neutralization by antibody from the transmitting partner. Thus, the exposure of neutralizing epitopes, which are lost in chronic infection because of immune escape, appears to be favored in the newly infected host. This reveals characteristics of the envelope glycoprotein that influence HIV-1 transmission and may have implications for vaccine design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - IMMUNITY
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - ANTIGENIC determinants
KW  - VACCINES
N1  - Accession Number: 12791504; Derdeyn,, Cynthia A. 1,2; Decker, Julie M. 3; Bibollet-Ruche, Frederic 2,4; Mokili, John L. 5; Muldoon, Mark 6; Denham, Scott A. 1; Heil, Marintha L. 1; Kasolo, Francis 7; Musonda, Rosemary 8; Hahn, Beatrice H. 1,2,4; Shaw, George M. 1,2,3,4; Korber, Bette T. 5,9; Allen, Susan 2,10; Hunter, Eric 1,2; Email Address: ehunter@uab.edu; Source Information: 3/26/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5666, p2019; Subject: HIV infections; Subject: HIV (Viruses); Subject: IMMUNITY; Subject: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject: ANTIGENIC determinants; Subject: VACCINES; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2831
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LaRocque, Tom
T1  - Clean machines. (cover story)
JO  - American City & County
JF  - American City & County
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 119
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 37
PB  - Penton Media, Inc.
SN  - 0149337X
AB  - Reports on the voluntary purchase of alternative fuel vehicles by U.S. cities and counties as of April 2004.  Benefits of alternative fuel vehicles; Kinds of alternative fuels; Challenges faced by the Washington, D.C. Metro Area Transit Authority in creating the infrastructure to refuel alternative fuel vehicles.  INSET: Fuel cells power five city-owned Los Angeles cars.
KW  - GOVERNMENT purchasing
KW  - LOCAL government
KW  - ALTERNATIVE fuel vehicles
KW  - CITIES & towns
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12911086; LaRocque, Tom 1; Affiliations: 1: Senior communicator, National Renewable Energy  Laboratory, Center for Transportation Technologies and Systems, Golden, Colo; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 119 Issue 4, p30; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT purchasing; Thesaurus Term: LOCAL government; Subject Term: ALTERNATIVE fuel vehicles; Subject Term: CITIES & towns; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921190 Other General Government Support; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kszos, L. A.
AU  - Braden, P.
T1  - Novel Temperature Control Apparatus for Whole Effluent Toxicity Tests.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 72
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 692
EP  - 696
SN  - 00074861
AB  - This article focuses on temperature control apparatus for toxicity tests. Whole effluent toxicity (WET) tests conducted for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits which follow the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) methods must adhere to a stringent temperature criteria. The most common temperature-control apparatus used is an environmental chamber. The apparatus described here is a simple, inexpensive temperature control system using a water bath and waterbed heater.
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Applied ecology
KW  - Automatic control
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 15410622; Kszos, L. A. 1; Braden, P. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, United States;  Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 72 Issue 4, p692; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Applied ecology; Subject Term: Automatic control; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bowman, Jack
AU  - Armstrong, Brent
AU  - Grabulis, Jim
T1  - GOOD ETHICS IS GOOD BUSINESS.
JO  - Contract Management
JF  - Contract Management
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 44
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 43
SN  - 01903063
AB  - Discusses the significance of ethics in businesses in the U.S. Impact of the arrest of New York Stock Exchange president, Richard Whitney on the regulation of businesses; Scandals which involve violations of business ethics; Lessons learned from two examples about the value of a company moral code.
KW  - BUSINESS ethics
KW  - WORK values
KW  - BUSINESS enterprises
KW  - ETHICS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14428817; Bowman, Jack 1; Armstrong, Brent 2; Grabulis, Jim 3; Affiliations: 1: Consultant, Speaker, and Mediator, Acadia Business Solutions, LLC; 2: Technical Director, EG&G Technical Services, Inc., Morgantown, West Virginia; 3: Senior Manager, U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, West Virginia; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 44 Issue 4, p42; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS ethics; Thesaurus Term: WORK values; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS enterprises; Subject Term: ETHICS; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunne, Jennifer A.
AU  - Saleska, Scott R.
AU  - Fischer, Marc L.
AU  - Harte, John
T1  - INTEGRATING EXPERIMENTAL AND GRADIENT METHODS IN ECOLOGICAL CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH.
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 904
EP  - 916
SN  - 00129658
AB  - Field-based research on the responses of ecosystems to anthropogenic climate change has primarily used either natural gradient or experimental methods. Taken separately, each approach faces methodological, spatial, and temporal limitations that potentially constrain the generality of results and predictions. Integration of the two approaches within a single study can overcome some of those limitations and provide ways to distinguish among consistent, dynamic, and context-dependent ecosystem responses to global warming. A simple conceptual model and two case studies that focus on climate change impacts on flowering phenology and carbon cycling in a subalpine meadow ecosystem illustrate the utility of this type of integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Phenology
KW  - Anthropogenic soils
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Angiosperms
KW  - climate change
KW  - ecosystem-warming experiment
KW  - gradient analysis
KW  - integrative research
KW  - methodology
KW  - plant flowering phenology
KW  - soil carbon cycling
KW  - spatial and temporal scale
KW  - subalpine meadow.
N1  - Accession Number: 12915477; Dunne, Jennifer A. 1,2; Email Address: jdunne@santafe.edu; Saleska, Scott R. 3; Fischer, Marc L. 4; Harte, John 1,2,5; Affiliations: 1 : Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA.; 2 : Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, Colorado 81224 USA.; 3 : Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 USA.; 4 : Atmospheric Science Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 USA.; 5 : Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA.;  Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p904; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Phenology; Thesaurus Term: Anthropogenic soils; Subject Term: Methodology; Subject Term: Angiosperms; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem-warming experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: gradient analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrative research; Author-Supplied Keyword: methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: plant flowering phenology; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil carbon cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial and temporal scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: subalpine meadow.; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, B. S.
AU  - Kumar, S.
AU  - Hu, Q.
AU  - Reno, J. L.
T1  - Resonant-phonon terahertz quantum-cascade laser operating at 2.1 THz (λ...141µm).
JO  - Electronics Letters
JF  - Electronics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 40
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 433
SN  - 00135194
AB  - The development of quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) at 2.1 THz (λ ≈ 141 mm), which is the longest wavelength QCL to date without the assistance of magnetic fields, is reported. This laser uses a structure based on resonant-phonon depopulation, and a metal—metal waveguide to obtain high modal confinement with low waveguide losses. Lasing was observed up to a heatsink temperature of 72 K in pulsed mode and 40 K in continuous-wave (CW) mode, and 1.2 mW of power was obtained in CW mode at 17 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Electronics Letters is the property of Institution of Engineering & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC industries
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRONIC instruments
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
N1  - Accession Number: 12703575; Williams, B. S. 1; Kumar, S. 1; Hu, Q. 1; Reno, J. L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 1123, MS 0601, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601, USA; Issue Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 40 Issue 7, p431; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC industries; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC instruments; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Sherman, Max
AU  - Kelly, Kevin M.
T1  - READERS' FORUM.
JO  - Energy Design Update
JF  - Energy Design Update
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 14
EP  - 15
PB  - Aspen Publishers Inc.
SN  - 07413629
AB  - Presents several letters to the editor related to energy industries.
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 13074615; Sherman, Max 1; Kelly, Kevin M.; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, California.; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p14; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - West, Tristram O.
AU  - Marland, Gregg
AU  - King, Anthony W.
AU  - Post, Wilfred M.
AU  - Jain, Atul K.
AU  - Andrasko, Kenneth
T1  - Carbon Management Response Curves: Estimates of Temporal Soil Carbon Dynamics.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
EP  - 518
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Measurement of the change in soil carbon that accompanies a change in land use (e.g., forest to agriculture) or management (e.g., conventional tillage to no-till) can be complex and expensive, may require reference plots, and is subject to the variability of statistical sampling and short-term variability in weather. In this paper, we develop Carbon Management Response (CMR) curves that could be used as an alternative to in situ measurements. The CMR curves developed here are based on quantitative reviews of existing global analyses and field observations of changes in soil carbon. The curves show mean annual rates of soil carbon change, estimated time to maximum rates of change, and estimated time to a new soil carbon steady state following the initial change in management. We illustrate how CMR curves could be used in a carbon accounting framework while effectively addressing a number of potential policy issues commonly associated with carbon accounting. We find that CMR curves provide a transparent means to account for changes in soil carbon accumulation and loss rates over time, and also provide empirical relationships that might be used in the development or validation of ecological or Earth systems models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Landscape assessment
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Land use
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 15411125; West, Tristram O. 1; Email Address: westto@ornl.gov; Marland, Gregg 1; King, Anthony W. 1; Post, Wilfred M. 1; Jain, Atul K. 2; Andrasko, Kenneth 3; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA.; 2 : Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 105 S. Gregory Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.; 3 : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA.;  Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p507; Thesaurus Term: Landscape assessment; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-9108-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becker, J. M.
AU  - McKinstry, C. A.
T1  - Response of Winter Birds to Soil Remediation along the Columbia River at the Hanford Site.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr/May2004
VL  - 93
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 286
SN  - 01676369
AB  - The Columbia River at the Hanford Site, located in south-central Washington State, U.S.A., is a regionally important refugium for overwintering birds. Some of the river shoreline has been designated by the U.S. Department of Energy for environmental clean-up following past production of materials for nuclear weapons. We evaluated the effects of soil remediation on winter birds at six inactive nuclear reactor areas. Remediation activities consisted of daily excavation and removal of approximately 1035 t of contaminated soil from previously herbicided and denuded areas located between 30 and 400 m and mostly in line-of-sight of the river shoreline. Remediation activities had no apparent effect on numbers of riverine or terrestrial birds using adjacent undisturbed shoreline and riparian habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Rivers -- Oregon
KW  - Radioactive waste sites -- Washington (State)
KW  - Nuclear engineering
KW  - Columbia River
KW  - disturbance
KW  - Hanford Site
KW  - soil remediation
KW  - Washington State
KW  - winter birds
N1  - Accession Number: 15340767; Becker, J. M. 1; Email Address: james.becker@pnl.gov; McKinstry, C. A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Apr/May2004, Vol. 93 Issue 1-3, p277; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Rivers -- Oregon; Subject Term: Radioactive waste sites -- Washington (State); Subject Term: Nuclear engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Columbia River; Author-Supplied Keyword: disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hanford Site; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Washington State; Author-Supplied Keyword: winter birds; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beyenal, Haluk
AU  - Sani, Rajesh K.
AU  - Peyton, Brent M.
AU  - Dohnakova, Alice C.
AU  - Amonette, James E.
AU  - Lewandowski, Zbigniew
T1  - Uranium Immobilization for Sulfate-Reducing Biofilms.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2067
EP  - 2074
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The article presents information on uranium immobilization for sulfate-reducing biofilms. Wastewaters containing uranium (U) and other actinides generated in nuclear reactors in processes related to generating energy and manufacturing nuclear weapons have been discharged to the ground during the past 50 years. As a result, U is one of the most common radionuclides in soils, sediments, and groundwater at the U.S. Department of Energy sites and is therefore of particular environmental concern. When selecting remediation processes, it is believed that in situ microbial reduction of U(VI) can be an attractive alternative strategy for remediation of U-contaminated subsurface environments. Traditional ex situ remediation processes are often limited by poor extraction efficiency and production of large volumes of toxic U waste.
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 12951914; Beyenal, Haluk 1; Sani, Rajesh K. 2; Peyton, Brent M. 2; Dohnakova, Alice C. 3; Amonette, James E. 3; Lewandowski, Zbigniew 1,4; Email Address: ZL@erc.montana.edu; Affiliations: 1: Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University.; 2: Washington State University.; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.; 4: Department of Civil Engineering, Montana State University.; Issue Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 7, p2067; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gaines, Linda
T1  - LETTER OF THE MONTH.
JO  - Fleet Owner
JF  - Fleet Owner
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 99
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 91
EP  - 91
PB  - Penton Media, Inc.
SN  - 1070194X
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about the new hours of transportation service rules in the United States.
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12809854; Gaines, Linda 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 99 Issue 4, p91; Thesaurus Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Dongarra, Jack
AU  - Madsen, Kaj
AU  - Waśniewski, Jerzy
T1  - Selected numerical algorithms
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 349
SN  - 0167739X
N1  - Accession Number: 12574690; Dongarra, Jack 1; Madsen, Kaj 2; Waśniewski, Jerzy 2; Email Address: jw@imm.dtu.dk; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville & Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 2: Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p349; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.future.2003.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhowmick, S.
AU  - Raghavan, P.
AU  - McInnes, L.
AU  - Norris, B.
T1  - Faster PDE-based simulations using robust composite linear solvers
JO  - Future Generation Computer Systems
JF  - Future Generation Computer Systems
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
SN  - 0167739X
AB  - Many large-scale scientific simulations require the solution of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). The effective solution of such nonlinear PDEs depends to a large extent on efficient and robust sparse linear system solution. In this paper, we show how fast and reliable sparse linear solvers can be composed from several underlying linear solution methods. We present a combinatorial framework for developing optimal composite solvers using metrics such as the execution times and failure rates of base solution schemes. We demonstrate how such composites can be easily instantiated using advanced software environments. Our experiments indicate that overall simulation time can be reduced through highly reliable linear system solution using composite solvers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Future Generation Computer Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - Composite methods
KW  - Large-scale PDE-based simulations
KW  - Multi-algorithms
KW  - Newton–Krylov methods
KW  - Sparse linear solution
N1  - Accession Number: 12574693; Bhowmick, S. 1; Email Address: bhowmick@cse.psu.edu; Raghavan, P. 1; Email Address: raghavan@cse.psu.edu; McInnes, L. 2; Email Address: mcinnes@mcs.anl.gov; Norris, B. 2; Email Address: norris@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 220 Pond Lab, University Park, PA 16802-6106, USA; 2: Mathematics and Computer Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439-4844, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p373; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large-scale PDE-based simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton–Krylov methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sparse linear solution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.future.2003.07.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehman, R. Michael
AU  - O'Connell, Sean P.
AU  - Banta, Amy
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
AU  - Reysenbach, Anna-Louise
AU  - Kieft, Thomas L.
AU  - Colwell, Frederick S.
T1  - Microbiological Comparison of Core and Groundwater Samples Collected from a Fractured Basalt Aquifer with that of Dialysis Chambers Incubated In Situ.
JO  - Geomicrobiology Journal
JF  - Geomicrobiology Journal
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr/May2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 182
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01490451
AB  - Microorganisms associated with basalt core were compared to those suspended in groundwater pumped from the same well in the eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer (Idaho, USA). Two wells located at different distances from the source of a mixed-waste plume in the fractured basalt aquifer were examined. In the well more distal from the plume source, an array of dialysis chambers filled with either deionized water or crushed basalt was equilibrated to compare the microorganisms collected in this fashion with those from core and groundwater samples collected in a traditional manner from the same well. The samples were characterized to determine the total amount of biomass, presence of specific populations or physiological groups, and potential community functions. Microorganisms and their activities were nearly undetectable in core and groundwater collected from the well farthest from the plume source and substantially enriched in both core and groundwater from the well closest to the plume source. In both wells, differences (statistically significant for some measures) were found between bacteria associated with the cores and those suspended in the groundwater. Significantly higher populations were found in the basalt- and water-filled dialysis chambers incubated in the open well compared with core and groundwater samples, respectively. For a given parameter, the variation among dialysis chambers incubated at different depths was much less than the high variation observed among core samples. Analyses on selected basalt- and water-filled dialysis chamber samples suggested that these two communities were compositionally similar but exhibited different potential functions. Documented knowledge of cell physiological changes associated with attachment and potential differences between attached and unattached communities in aquifers indicate that careful consideration should be given to the type of sample media (i.e., core, groundwater, substrata incubated in a well) used to represent a subsurface environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geomicrobiology Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - BASALT
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - DIALYSIS (Chemistry)
KW  - aquifer
KW  - attached
KW  - free-living
KW  - groundwater
KW  - microbiology
KW  - subsurface
KW  - TCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12584006; Lehman, R. Michael 1; Email Address: mlehman@ngirl.ars.usda.gov; O'Connell, Sean P. 1; Banta, Amy 2; Fredrickson, James K. 3; Reysenbach, Anna-Louise 2; Kieft, Thomas L. 4; Colwell, Frederick S. 1; Source Information: Apr/May2004, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p169; Subject: MICROORGANISMS; Subject: GROUNDWATER; Subject: BASALT; Subject: AQUIFERS; Subject: HYDROGEOLOGY; Subject: DIALYSIS (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: aquifer; Author-Supplied Keyword: attached; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-living; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: subsurface; Author-Supplied Keyword: TCE; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, Rebecca A.
AU  - Sample, Bradley E.
AU  - Peterson, Mark J.
T1  - Ecotoxicity Test Data for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil: Plants and Soil-Dwelling Invertebrates.
JO  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
JF  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 231
SN  - 10807039
AB  - Ecotoxicity benchmarks for petroleum mixtures can be used in a screening-level ecological risk assessment. Data from studies evaluating the toxicity of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) to plants and soil invertebrates were reviewed for possible application to soil benchmark development. Toxicity data included LOAECs; estimated EC25s, EC20s, and LC50s; effective concentrations that caused greater than a 20% level of effect; and NOAECs. The variabilities in petroleum material, chemical analytical methodology, age of hydrocarbon-soil contact, nutrient amendment, and measured effects levels did not permit much meaningful aggregation of the data. Tenth, twenty-fifth, and fiftieth percentiles of toxicity and no-effects data are presented for unaggregated results within studies. Effects on invertebrates often occurred at concentrations of TPH lower than those associated with effects on plants. Lighter mixtures generally were associated with lower ranges of effects concentrations than heavier crude oil. Few aged and non-aged samples were available from the same study, and these did not show obvious trends regarding toxicity. Similarly, the addition of nutrients to promote bioremediation was not observed across studies to alter effective or nontoxic concentrations in a systematic way. Existing toxicity data are not sufficient to establish broadly applicable TPH ecotoxicity screening benchmarks with much confidence, even for specific mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Ecological Risk Assessment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Soils
KW  - Invertebrates
KW  - Plant nutrients
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - ecological risk assessment
KW  - ecotoxicity
KW  - petroleum
KW  - phytotoxicity
KW  - soil invertebrate.
KW  - TPH
N1  - Accession Number: 13240734; Efroymson, Rebecca A. 1; Email Address: Efroymson@ornl.gov; Sample, Bradley E. 1; Peterson, Mark J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.;  Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p207; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Petroleum; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Invertebrates; Thesaurus Term: Plant nutrients; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: petroleum; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil invertebrate.; Author-Supplied Keyword: TPH; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10807030490438175
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryti, Randall T.
AU  - Markwiese, James
AU  - Mirenda, Richard
AU  - Soholt, Lars
T1  - Preliminary Remediation Goals for Terrestrial Wildlife.
JO  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
JF  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 450
SN  - 10807039
AB  - Remediation of contaminated sites requires information on upper concentration limits of chemicals in environmental media that are protective of ecological receptors. These upper concentration limits can be considered ecological preliminary re- mediation goals (EcoPRGs). The motivation for developing EcoPRGs was to provide risk managers with a simple tool for evaluating remedial actions that would be protective of the environment. Hazard quotient calculations used to support ecological screening assessments were modified to derive soil EcoPRGs for terrestrial wildlife populations. The primary modification is a population area use factor that is the fraction of a terrestrial animal population potentially affected by the contaminated site. Wildlife assessment population boundaries are based on a receptor's dispersal distance; for mammals dispersal distance is strongly related to the linear dimension (square root) of home range. Assuming that wildlife are unlikely to disperse beyond some distance from their birth or natal site, dispersal distance can be thought of as the radius of the assessment population's boundaries. This general relationship is useful as a simple way to estimate assessment population areas for terrestrial animals and helps fill data gaps for wildlife without direct measurements of dispersal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Ecological Risk Assessment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Wildlife conservation
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Environmental remediation
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Mammals
KW  - Population
KW  - Soils
KW  - cleanup goal
KW  - contaminated soil.
KW  - ecological screening assessment
KW  - Population effects
N1  - Accession Number: 13240903; Ryti, Randall T. 1; Markwiese, James 1; Email Address: jimm@neptuneinc.org; Mirenda, Richard 2; Soholt, Lars 2; Affiliations: 1 : Neptune and Company, Inc., Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.; 2 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.;  Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p437; Thesaurus Term: Wildlife conservation; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Environmental remediation; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Mammals; Thesaurus Term: Population; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: cleanup goal; Author-Supplied Keyword: contaminated soil.; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological screening assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Population effects; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10807030490438490
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiong, H. D.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
T1  - Low-frequency noise and radiation response of buried oxides in SOI nMOS transistors.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Circuits, Devices & Systems
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Circuits, Devices & Systems
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 151
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 124
SN  - 13502409
AB  - Investigates the back gate noise of irradiated silicon on insulator (SOI) metal oxide semiconductor. Indication of the advantages of SOI; Primary focus of most studies of the effects of radiation on MOS noise; Radiation effects on back gate noise.
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 13135351; Xiong, H. D. 1; Fleetwood, D. M. 1; Schwank, J. R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 151 Issue 2, p118; Thesaurus Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arodzero, A.
AU  - Bolozdynya, A.
AU  - Bolotnikov, A.
AU  - Proctor, A.
AU  - Richards, J.
T1  - Two-Channel High-Pressure Helium-3 Scintillation Neutron Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 322
EP  - 328
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We have developed a two-channel, high-pressure ³He gas scintillation detector that operates in coincidence mode. The detector consists of two 16-mm diameter avalanche photo-diodes viewing a 7-mm gap between them and mounted inside a stainless steel shell with 1.5-nun thick input windows. The gap is filled with a ³He + 0.5%Xe gas mixture pressurized at 35 bar. The detector rejects signals generated by radiation interacting directly with the photodiodes and works as a "wall-less" detector, sensitive to interactions occurring only in the gas. The detector shows axial and radial position sensitivity to thermal neutrons within the gap between photodiodes. The position sensitivity is observed in good agreement with computer simulations. Applications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - PHOTODIODES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR diodes
N1  - Accession Number: 12991527; Arodzero, A. 1; Bolozdynya, A. 1; Email Address: bolozdynya@contech.com; Bolotnikov, A. 2; Proctor, A. 1; Richards, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Constellation Technology Corporation, Largo, FL 33777 USA.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p322; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR diodes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.825091
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Gitomer, Steven J.
T1  - Editorial.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 350
EP  - 350
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The editorial is intended to serve as an introduction to a new series of Special Issues in the "IEE Transactions of Plasma Science." Beginning with this issue of selected contributed oral papers from the International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS) 2003. It was decided that candidates papers for the special issue would be limited to subset of all papers actually presented at ICOPS. nominations from oral contributed papers for the selection process for this Special Issue. The manuscripts represented in this Special Issue are drawn from all the disciplines of plasma science represented at ICOPS.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - MANUSCRIPTS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - NONBOOK materials
N1  - Accession Number: 13836270; Gitomer, Steven J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory Nuclear Nonproliferation Division Safeguards Systems Group (N-4) Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Apr2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p350; Thesaurus Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: MANUSCRIPTS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: NONBOOK materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.830908
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ang, L. K.
AU  - Lau, Y. Y.
AU  - Kwan, T. J. T.
T1  - Simple Derivation of Quantum Scaling in Child -- Langmuir Law.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 410
EP  - 413
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A simple derivation of the new scaling of Child- Langmuir law in the quantum regime is presented. Based on a dimensional argument of the Schrodinger equation and the Poisson equation, the limiting current in the deeply quantum regime is found to be proportional to the square root of the gap voltage and to the inverse fourth power of gap spacing. The importance of electron exchange-correlation interactions in the quantum regime is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PLASMA frequencies
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - ACOUSTIC surface waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13836279; Ang, L. K. 1; Email Address: elkang@nw.edu.sg; Lau, Y. Y. 2; Kwan, T. J. T. 3; Affiliations: 1: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore.; 2: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; 3: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Apr2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p410; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PLASMA frequencies; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: ACOUSTIC surface waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.826366
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiegel, Frederik W.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Theoretical Article Some Scaling Principles for the Immune System.
JO  - Immunology & Cell Biology
JF  - Immunology & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 82
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 131
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 08189641
AB  - Using recent progress in biological scaling, we explore the way in which the immune system of an animal scales with its mass ( M). It is shown that the number of cells in a single clone of B cells should scale as M and that the B-cell repertoire scales as ln ( cM), where c is a constant. The time that a B cell needs to circulate once through the organism is shown to scale as M1/4 ln ( cM). It is suggested that the scaling of other cell populations in the immune system could be derived from these scaling relations for B cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology & Cell Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - B cells
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - protectons
KW  - scaling laws
KW  - theoretical immunology.
N1  - Accession Number: 12673379; Wiegel, Frederik W. 1; Perelson, Alan S. 2; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Source Information: Apr2004, Vol. 82 Issue 2, p127; Subject: IMMUNE system; Subject: B cells; Subject: MAMMALS; Subject: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: protectons; Author-Supplied Keyword: scaling laws; Author-Supplied Keyword: theoretical immunology.; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0818-9641.2004.01229.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Collins, Michael J.
T1  - COVERING A SET OF POINTS WITH A MINIMUM NUMBER OF TURNS.
JO  - International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications
JF  - International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 114
SN  - 02181959
AB  - Given a finite set of points in Euclidean space, we can ask what is the minimum number of times a piecewise-linear path must change direction in order to pass through all of them. We prove some new upper and lower bounds for the rectilinear version of this problem in which all motion is orthogonal to the coordinate axes. We also consider the more general case of arbitrary directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - ORTHOGONAL arrays
KW  - CURVATURE
KW  - SPACES of constant curvature
KW  - bends
KW  - link-length
KW  - rectilinear
KW  - TSP
KW  - Turns
N1  - Accession Number: 13689219; Collins, Michael J. 1; Email Address: mcollins@cs.unm.edu; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Cyrptography and Information Systems Surety Department, Albuquerque NM 87185-0785, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1130, Albuquerque NM 87131-0001, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1/2, p105; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER science; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL arrays; Subject Term: CURVATURE; Subject Term: SPACES of constant curvature; Author-Supplied Keyword: bends; Author-Supplied Keyword: link-length; Author-Supplied Keyword: rectilinear; Author-Supplied Keyword: TSP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turns; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammi, Y.
AU  - Bammann, D. J.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M. F.
T1  - Modeling of Anisotropic Damage for Ductile Materials in Metal Forming Processes.
JO  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 146
SN  - 10567895
AB  - The primary goal of this study is to model the anisotropic effect of ductile damage in metal forming processes. To represent the ductile metals, an anisotropic ductile plasticity/damage formulation is considered within the framework of continuum mechanics. The formulation is motivated from fracture mechanisms and physical observations in Al--Si--Mg aluminum alloys with second phases. The ductile damage mechanisms are represented by the classical ductile process of nucleation of voids at inclusions, followed by their growth and coalescence. Functions associated with each mechanism are related to different microstructural parameters. The damage, represented by a second rank tensor, is coupled to the Bammann--Chiesa--Johnson (BCJ) rate-dependent plasticity using the effective stress concept. The constitutive equations are integrated using a trapezoidal implicit scheme and implemented into an explicit finite element code. This implementation is used to predict damage during the forward axisymmetric extrusion of an aluminum bar. This example illustrates the applicability of the model to predict the initiation and the evolution of anisotropic damage in metal forming processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Damage Mechanics is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - METALS
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - anisotropic damage
KW  - constitutive behavior
KW  - elastic-viscoplasticity material
KW  - metal forming processes
KW  - stress integration finite elements
KW  - void coalescence
KW  - void growth
KW  - void nucleation
N1  - Accession Number: 12983392; Hammi, Y. 1; Bammann, D. J. 1; Horstemeyer, M. F. 2; Source Information: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p123; Subject: ANISOTROPY; Subject: METALS; Subject: PLASTICITY; Subject: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: anisotropic damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: constitutive behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: elastic-viscoplasticity material; Author-Supplied Keyword: metal forming processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress integration finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: void coalescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: void growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: void nucleation; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1056789504039255
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei, Y.
AU  - Chow, C. L.
AU  - Neilsen, M. K.
AU  - Fang, H. E.
T1  - Constitutive Model for Sn-Pb Solder under Fatigue Loading.
JO  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
EP  - 161
SN  - 10567895
AB  - The paper presents a constitutive model for Sn-Pb solder which captures the response of this complex material subject to a variety of load paths including fatigue loading. Internal state variables are established to characterize grain coarsening and material degradation observed experimentally. A damage-coupled viscoplastic constitutive model is formulated to take into account the effects of temperature and loading rates on mechanical response. The influence of fatigue loading frequency or strain rate, hold time, and temperature on mechanical behavior and fatigue life for 63Sn-37Pb solder alloy is examined. The fatigue failure predictions are compared with those obtained experimentally and found to be satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Damage Mechanics is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - OSTWALD ripening
KW  - VISCOPLASTICITY
KW  - damage
KW  - fatigue life
KW  - grain coarsening
KW  - hold time
KW  - load drop
KW  - solder
KW  - strain rate
KW  - viscoplastic
N1  - Accession Number: 12983393; Wei, Y. 1; Chow, C. L. 1; Neilsen, M. K. 2; Fang, H. E. 2; Source Information: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p147; Subject: METALS -- Fatigue; Subject: SOLDER & soldering; Subject: ALLOYS; Subject: OSTWALD ripening; Subject: VISCOPLASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: fatigue life; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain coarsening; Author-Supplied Keyword: hold time; Author-Supplied Keyword: load drop; Author-Supplied Keyword: solder; Author-Supplied Keyword: strain rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: viscoplastic; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1056789504041056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Min Yue
AU  - Lin, Henry
AU  - Dedrick, Daniel E.
AU  - Satyanarayana, Srinath
AU  - Majumdar, Arunava
AU  - Bedekar, Aditya S.
AU  - Jenkins, Jerry W.
AU  - Sundaram, Shivshankar
T1  - A 2-D Microcantilever Array for Multiplexed Biomolecular Analysis.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
J1  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
PY  - 2004/04//
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 290
EP  - 299
SN  - 10577157
AB  - An accurate, rapid, and quantitative method for analyzing variety of biomolecules, such as DNA and proteins, is necessary in many biomedical applications and could help address several scientific issues in molecular biology. Recent experiments have shown that when specific biological reactions occur on one surface of a microcantilever beam, the resulting changes in surface stress deflect the cantilever beam. To exploit this phenomenon for high-throughput label-free biomolecular analysis, we have developed a chip containing a two-dimensional (2-D) array of silicon nitride cantilevers with a thin gold coating on one surface. Integration of microfluid cells on the chip allows for individual functionalization of each cantilever of the array, which is designed to respond specifically to a target analyte. An optical system to readout deflections of multiple cantilevers was also developed. The cantilevers exhibited thermomechanical sensitivity with a standard deviation of seven percent, and were found to fall into two categories—those whose deflections tracked each other in response to external stimuli, and those whose did not due to drift. The best performance of two "tracking" cantilevers showed a maximum difference of 4 nm in their deflections. Although "nontracking" cantilevers exhibited large differences in their drift behavior, an upper bound of their time-dependent drift was determined, which could allow for rapid bioassays. Using the differential deflection signal between tracking cantilevers, immobilization of 25mer thiolated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) on gold surfaces produced repeatable deflections of 80 nm or so on 0.5-µm-thick and 200-µm-long cantilevers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication)
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - MEDICAL equipment
N1  - Accession Number: 13001576; Source Information: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p290; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication); Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: MEDICAL equipment; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 10p; ; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs, 10 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.823216
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matta, Alain
AU  - Knio, Omar M.
AU  - Ghanem, Roger G.
AU  - Chua-Hua Chen, Roger G.
AU  - Santiago, Juan G.
AU  - Debusschere, Bert
AU  - Najm, Habib N.
T1  - Computational Study of Band-Crossig Reactions.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
J1  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
PY  - 2004/04//
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 310
EP  - 322
SN  - 10577157
AB  - A numerical study of band-crossing reactions is conducted using a quasi-one-dimensional (1-D) computational model that accounts for species bulk advection, electromigration velocities, diffusion, and chemical reaction. The model is used to simulate chemical reactions between two initially distinct sample zones, referred to as "bands," that cross each other due to differences in electromigration velocities. The reaction is described in terms of a single step, reversible mechanism involving two reactants and one product. A parametric study is first conducted of the behavior of the species profiles, and results are interpreted in terms of the Damköhler number and of the ratios of the electromigration velocities of the reactant and product. Computed results are then used to explore the possibility of extracting forward and backward reaction rates based on time resolved observation of integral moments of species concentrations. In particular, it is shown that in the case of fast reactions, robust estimates can be obtained for high forward rates, but that small reverse rates may not be accurately observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - FLUIDICS
KW  - FLUIDIC devices
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13001578; Source Information: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p310; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: FLUIDICS; Subject Term: FLUIDIC devices; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 13p; ; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 24 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.825315
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, Alyson
AU  - Hamada, Michael
AU  - Meng Xu, 1
T1  - Assessing Production Quality with Nonstandard Measurement Errors.
JO  - Journal of Quality Technology
JF  - Journal of Quality Technology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 206
SN  - 00224065
AB  - We consider the assessment of a manufacturing process's performance when a sample of parts produced by the process is measured with error. When the measurement error variance depends on the true characteristic of the part being measured, nonstandard variance components models are needed. We consider a Bayesian approach, showing how this methodology can be used to calculate tolerance intervals for the part distribution to assess the manufacturing process's performance and to determine other important quantities such as release specifications. In addition, we show how to handle censored data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quality Technology is the property of American Society for Quality, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUALITY control
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - VARIANCES
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - PRODUCTION engineering
KW  - Bayesian Analysis
KW  - Consumer's Risk
KW  - Producer's Risk
KW  - Relative Standard Deviation
KW  - Tolerance Interval
KW  - Variance Components
N1  - Accession Number: 13000299; Wilson, Alyson 1; Email Address: agw@lanl.gov; Hamada, Michael 1; Email Address: hamada@lanl.gov; Meng Xu, 1 2; Email Address: mxu@bio.ri.ccf.org; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; 2: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 36 Issue 2, p193; Thesaurus Term: QUALITY control; Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Thesaurus Term: VARIANCES; Thesaurus Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCTION engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Consumer's Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Producer's Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relative Standard Deviation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tolerance Interval; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance Components; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Candy, James V.
AU  - Meyer, Alan W.
AU  - Poggio, Andrew J.
AU  - Guidry, Brian L.
T1  - Time-reversal processing for an acoustic communications experiment in a highly reverberant environment.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 115
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1621
EP  - 1631
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Time-reversal (T/R) communications is a new application area motivated by the recent advances in T/R theory. Although perceived by many in signal processing as simply an application of matched-filter theory, a T/R receiver offers an interesting solution to the communications problem for a reverberant channel. In this paper, the performance of various realizations of the T/R receiver for an acoustic communications experiment in air is described along with its associated processing. The experiment is developed to evaluate the performance of point-to-point T/R receivers designed to extract a transmitted information sequence propagating in a highly reverberant environment. It is demonstrated that T/R receivers are capable of extracting the transmitted coded sequence from noisy microphone sensor measurements with zero-symbol error. The processing required to validate these experimental results is discussed. These results are also compared with those produced by an equivalent linear equalizer or inverse filter, which provides the optimal solution when it incorporates all of the reverberations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME reversal
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - RADIO transmitter-receivers
KW  - AUDIO communication
KW  - MICROPHONE
KW  - TRANSMISSION of sound
N1  - Accession Number: 20890881; Candy, James V. 1; Email Address: candy1@llnl.gov; Meyer, Alan W. 1; Poggio, Andrew J. 1; Guidry, Brian L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551;  Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 115 Issue 4, p1621; Subject Term: TIME reversal; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Subject Term: RADIO transmitter-receivers; Subject Term: AUDIO communication; Subject Term: MICROPHONE; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION of sound; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1646397
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grimwood, Jane
AU  - Gordon, Laurie A.
AU  - Olsen, Anne
AU  - Terry, Astrid
AU  - Schmutz, Jeremy
AU  - Lamerdin, Jane
AU  - Hellsten, Uffe
AU  - Goodstein, David
AU  - Couronne, Olivier
AU  - Tran-Gyamfi, Mary
AU  - Aerts, Andrea
AU  - Altherr, Michael
AU  - Ashworth, Linda
AU  - Bajorek, Eva
AU  - Black, Stacey
AU  - Branscomb, Elbert
AU  - Caenepeel, Sean
AU  - Carrano, Anthony
AU  - Caoile, Chenier
AU  - Chan, Yee Man
T1  - The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 428
IS  - 6982
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
EP  - 535
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Chromosome 19 has the highest gene density of all human chromosomes, more than double the genome-wide average. The large clustered gene families, corresponding high G + C content, CpG islands and density of repetitive DNA indicate a chromosome rich in biological and evolutionary significance. Here we describe 55.8 million base pairs of highly accurate finished sequence representing 99.9% of the euchromatin portion of the chromosome. Manual curation of gene loci reveals 1,461 protein-coding genes and 321 pseudogenes. Among these are genes directly implicated in mendelian disorders, including familial hypercholesterolaemia and insulin-resistant diabetes. Nearly one-quarter of these genes belong to tandemly arranged families, encompassing more than 25% of the chromosome. Comparative analyses show a fascinating picture of conservation and divergence, revealing large blocks of gene orthology with rodents, scattered regions with more recent gene family expansions and deletions, and segments of coding and non-coding conservation with the distant fish species Takifugu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - HUMAN biology
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - HYPERCHOLESTEREMIA
KW  - GENES
KW  - RODENTS
N1  - Accession Number: 12728776; Grimwood, Jane 1; Gordon, Laurie A. 2,3; Olsen, Anne 2,3; Terry, Astrid 2; Schmutz, Jeremy 1; Lamerdin, Jane 2,3; Hellsten, Uffe 2; Goodstein, David 2; Couronne, Olivier 2; Tran-Gyamfi, Mary 2,3; Aerts, Andrea 2; Altherr, Michael 2,4; Ashworth, Linda 2,3; Bajorek, Eva 1; Black, Stacey 1; Branscomb, Elbert 2,3; Caenepeel, Sean 2; Carrano, Anthony 2,3; Caoile, Chenier 1; Chan, Yee Man 1; Source Information: 4/1/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6982, p529; Subject: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject: HUMAN biology; Subject: CHROMOSOMES; Subject: HYPERCHOLESTEREMIA; Subject: GENES; Subject: RODENTS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02399
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eklmov, E. A.
AU  - Sldorov, V. A.
AU  - Bauer, E. O.
AU  - Mei'nik, N. N.
AU  - Curro, N. J.
AU  - Thompson, J. O.
AU  - Stishov, S. M.
T1  - Superconductivity in diamond.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 428
IS  - 6982
M3  - Article
SP  - 542
EP  - 545
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Diamond is an electrical insulator well known for its exceptional hardness. It also conducts heat even more effectively than copper, and can withstand very high electric fields. With these physical properties, diamond is attractive for electronic applications, particularly when charge carriers are introduced (by chemical doping) into the system. Boron has one less electron than carbon and, because of its small atomic radius, boron is relatively easily incorporated into diamond; as boron acts as a charge acceptor, the resulting diamond is effectively hole-doped. Here we report the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure (nearly 100,000 atmospheres) and temperature (2,500-2,800?K). Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and field-dependent resistance measurements show that boron-doped diamond is a bulk, type-II superconductor below the superconducting transition temperature Tc ˜ 4?K; superconductivity survives in a magnetic field up to Hc2(0) = 3.5?T. The discovery of superconductivity in diamond-structured carbon suggests that Si and Ge, which also form in the diamond structure, may similarly exhibit superconductivity under the appropriate conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - BORON
N1  - Accession Number: 12728766; Eklmov, E. A. 1; Sldorov, V. A. 1; Bauer, E. O. 2; Mei'nik, N. N. 3; Curro, N. J. 2; Thompson, J. O. 2; Stishov, S. M. 1; Source Information: 4/1/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6982, p542; Subject: ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies; Subject: ELECTRIC fields; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject: TEMPERATURE; Subject: BORON; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02449
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=12728766&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mon, Kevin G.
AU  - Bullard, Bryan E.
AU  - Mehta, Sunil
AU  - Lee, Joon H.
T1  - Waste Package Performance Evaluations for the Proposed High-Level Nuclear Waste Repository at Yucca Mountain.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 4363
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The evaluation studies of the proposed repository for long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, are underway. Fulfillment of the requirements for limiting dose to the public, which includes containment of the radioactive waste emplaced in the proposed repository and subsequent slow release of radionuclides from the Engineered Barrier System (EBS) into the geosphere, will rely on a robust waste container design, among other EBS components. Part of the evaluation process involves sensitivity studies aimed at elucidating which model parameters contribute most to the waste package and overlying drip shield degradation characteristics. The model parameters identified for this study include (1) general corrosion rate parameters and (2) stress corrosion cracking (SCC) parameters. Temperature dependence and parameter uncertainty are evaluated for the general corrosion rate model parameters while for the SCC model parameters, uncertainty treatment of stress intensity factor, crack initiation threshold, and manufacturing flaw orientations are evaluated. Based on these evaluations new uncertainty distributions are generated and recommended for future analyses. Also, early waste package failures due to improper heat treatment were added to the waste package degradation model. The results of these investigations indicate that the waste package failure profiles are governed by the manufacturing flaw orientation model parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - STRESS corrosion
KW  - corrosion
KW  - nuclear waste
KW  - Stochastic simulation
KW  - stress corrosion cracking
KW  - uncertainty
KW  - variability
KW  - variance partitioning
N1  - Accession Number: 12753692; Mon, Kevin G. 1; Email Address: Kevin_Mon@ymp.gov; Bullard, Bryan E. 1; Mehta, Sunil 1; Lee, Joon H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Framatome ANP, 1180 Town Center Drive, Las Vegas, NV 89144; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, 1180 Town Center Drive, Las Vegas, NV 89144; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p425; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: STRESS corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress corrosion cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: variance partitioning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00444.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12753692&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Studham, Scott
T1  - Commoditization of High Performance Storage.
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
EP  - 48
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Discusses commoditization of high performance storage technology.  Building of peta-scale file system using commodity disks; Advantages of using advanced technology attachment drives; Factors that influence storage purchasing decisions.
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - CATALOGING of computer files
KW  - COMPUTER files
N1  - Accession Number: 12860121; Studham, Scott 1; Email Address: sceditor@scimag.com; Affiliations: 1: Associate Director for Advanced Computing, Computational Sciences and Mathematics at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p14; Thesaurus Term: DATABASES; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: CATALOGING of computer files; Subject Term: COMPUTER files; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hopkins, Derek
AU  - Alexander, Michael
AU  - Swanson, Kenneth
AU  - Bushbach, Michael
T1  - Control System for an Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer.
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 47
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Discusses the development of a control system for an ion trap mass spectrometer that is both inexpensive and configurable platform.  Benefits of the control system; Overview of the control hardware; Specifications of the control and acquisition hardware; Functions of the control hardware.
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - COMPUTER hardware description languages
N1  - Accession Number: 12860191; Hopkins, Derek 1; Alexander, Michael 1; Swanson, Kenneth 1; Bushbach, Michael 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p18; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Thesaurus Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER hardware description languages; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregory P. Sullivan
AU  - P.E.
AU  - C.E.M.
AU  - Aldo P. Melendez
AU  - Ray Pugh
T1  - FEMP'S O&M Best Practices Guide A Guide to Achieving Operational Efficiency.
JO  - Strategic Planning for Energy & the Environment
JF  - Strategic Planning for Energy & the Environment
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 40
EP  - 52
SN  - 10485236
AB  - The Federal Energy Management Program's (FEMP's) Operations and Maintenance Best Practices Guide (O&M BPG) highlights O&M programs targeting energy efficiency, which are estimated to save 5 percent to 20 percent on energy bills without a significant capital investment. Depending on the federal site, these savings can represent thousands to hundreds of thousands of dollars each year, and many can be achieved with minimal cash outlays. In addition to energy/resource savings, a well-run O&M program will: • Increase the safety of all staff because properly maintained equipment is safer equipment. • Ensure the comfort, health, and safety of building occupants through properly functioning equipment, providing a healthy indoor environment. • Confirm the design life expectancy of equipment is achieved. • Facilitate compliance with federal legislation such as the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act.The focus of this guide is to provide the federal O&M/energy manager and practitioner with information and actions aimed at achieving these savings and benefits. The O&M BPG was developed under the direction of the Department of Energy's Federal Energy Management Program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Strategic Planning for Energy & the Environment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Operations research
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Total quality management
KW  - Buildings
N1  - Accession Number: 19673412; Gregory P. Sullivan; P.E.; C.E.M. 1; Aldo P. Melendez 1; Ray Pugh 1; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory;  Source Info: Spring2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p40; Subject Term: Operations research; Subject Term: Best practices; Subject Term: Total quality management; Subject Term: Buildings; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gatesy, John
AU  - Baker, Richard H.
AU  - Hayashi, Cheryl
T1  - Inconsistencies in Arguments for the Supertree Approach: Supermatrices versus Supertrees of Crocodylia.
JO  - Systematic Biology
JF  - Systematic Biology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 342
EP  - 355
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10635157
AB  - Focuses on empirical comparison of supertree and supermatrix approaches for identical sets of characters and taxa to highlight basic differences between the two competing methods.  Methods used in phylogenetic relationships of well-studied taxa; major challenge in the field of systemics; Context of supertree analysis of mammals.
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - TREES
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - CROCODILIANS
N1  - Accession Number: 12788485; Gatesy, John 1; Email Address: johnga@citrus.ucr.edu; Baker, Richard H. 2; Hayashi, Cheryl 1; Source Information: Apr2004, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p342; Subject: PLANTS; Subject: TREES; Subject: PHYLOGENY; Subject: CROCODILIANS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Westfall, Catherine
T1  - The National Labs: Science in an American System, 1947-1974 (Book).
JO  - Technology & Culture
JF  - Technology & Culture
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 459
EP  - 460
SN  - 0040165X
AB  - Reviewed: The National Labs: Science in an American System, 1947-1974. Westwick, Peter J.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - SCIENCE & state
KW  - COLD War, 1945-1989
KW  - Westwick, Peter J.
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
KW  - U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
KW  - WESTWICK, Peter J.
KW  - NATIONAL Labs, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13386221; Westfall, Catherine 1; Affiliations: 1 : Argonne National Laboratory;  Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p459; Note: Publication Information: Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard U. Pr., 2003. 403 pp.; Historical Period: 1947 to 1974; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: SCIENCE & state; Subject Term: COLD War, 1945-1989; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Michael Q.
T1  - Examining cost effectiveness of mobile source emission control measures
JO  - Transport Policy
JF  - Transport Policy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 0967070X
AB  - The cost-effectiveness of emission control measures, usually calculated in dollars per ton of emissions reduced, is often used to determine which control measures should be implemented to meet overall emission reduction requirements. This seemingly simple cost effectiveness methodology requires making careful choices, such as whether to employ (1) user costs or societal costs, (2) manufacturer- or consumer-level costs, (3) emission reductions in non-attainment areas only or in both non-attainment and attainment areas, and (4) annual or pollution-season emission reductions. Researchers must also carefully consider how to determine baseline emissions, whether to use multiple-pollutant emission reductions, and whether to apply emission discounting. Because there are various ways to address these issues and because different studies employ different assumptions regarding costs and emission reductions, the results of cost effectiveness studies can be significantly different and can sometimes contradict one another. This paper summarizes and adjusts the cost effectiveness results from completed studies, allowing determination of the relative cost effectiveness of key mobile source emission control measures. The paper also summarizes the cost effectiveness of stationary control measures, permitting a comparison of mobile and stationary control measures. The results of this study indicate that, except for alternative-fuel vehicles (and considering a range of uncertainties), the emission control cost of many mobile source control measures is below $10,000 per ton of emissions reduced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Transport Policy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUSTRIAL costs
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - AUTOMOBILE engines
KW  - LAW & legislation
KW  - AUTOMOTIVE transportation
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Mobile source emission central
KW  - Motor vehicle emissions
N1  - Accession Number: 12740005; Wang, Michael Q. 1; Email Address: mqwang@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, ESD362/G216, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p155; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL costs; Thesaurus Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE engines; Subject Term: LAW & legislation; Subject Term: AUTOMOTIVE transportation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cost effectiveness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobile source emission central; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motor vehicle emissions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415290 Other new motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488490 Other Support Activities for Road Transportation; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tranpol.2003.10.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=12740005&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyack, Kevin W.
T1  - Mapping knowledge domains: Characterizing PNAS.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/04/07/4/6/2004 Supplement
VL  - 101
M3  - Article
SP  - 5192
EP  - 5199
SN  - 00278424
AB  - A review of data mining and analysis techniques that can be used for the mapping of knowledge domains is given. Literature mapping techniques can be based on authors, documents, journals, words, and/or indicators. Most mapping questions are related to research assessment or to the structure and dynamics of disciplines or networks. Several mapping techniques are demonstrated on a data set comprising 20 years of papers published in PNAS. Data from a variety of sources are merged to provide unique indicators of the domain bounded by PNAS. By using funding source information and citation counts, it is shown that, on an aggregate basis, papers funded jointly by the U.S. Public Health Service (which includes the National Institutes of Health) and non-U.S. government sources outperform papers funded by other sources, including by the U.S. Public Health Service alone. Grant data from the National Institute on Aging show that on average, papers from large grants are cited more than those from small grants, with performance increasing with grant amount. A map of the highest performing papers over the 20-year period was generated by using citation analysis. Changes and trends in the subjects of highest impact within the PNAS domain are described. Interactions between topics over the most recent 5-year period are also detailed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Data mining
KW  - Search engines
KW  - Database searching
KW  - Online data processing
KW  - Knowledge management
KW  - Information resources management
N1  - Accession Number: 15063715; Boyack, Kevin W. 1; Email Address: kboyack@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Computation, Computers, Information and Mathematics Center, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185.;  Source Info: 4/6/2004 Supplement, Vol. 101, p5192; Thesaurus Term: Data mining; Thesaurus Term: Search engines; Thesaurus Term: Database searching; Thesaurus Term: Online data processing; Thesaurus Term: Knowledge management; Thesaurus Term: Information resources management; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0307509100
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=15063715&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thrall, Karla D.
AU  - Woodstock, Angela D.
AU  - Kania, Melissa R.
T1  - Development of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Chlorobenzene in F-344 Rats.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 67
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
EP  - 536
SN  - 15287394
AB  - A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of chlorobenzene in rats was developed. Partition coefficients were experimentally determined in rat tissues and blood samples using an in vitro vial equilibration technique. These solubility ratios were in agreement with previous reports. The in vivo metabolism of chlorobenzene was evaluated using groups of three F344 male rats exposed to initial chlorobenzene concentrations ranging from 82 to 6750 ppm in a closed, recirculating gas uptake system. An optimal fit of the family of uptake curves was obtained by adjusting Michaelis-Menten metabolic constants, K m (affinity) and V max (capacity), using the PBPK model. At the highest chamber concentration, the uptake curve could not be modeled without the addition of a first-order (K fo ) metabolic pathway. Pretreatment with pyrazole, an inhibitor of oxidative microsomal metabolism, had no impact on the slope of the uptake curve. The completed PBPK model was evaluated against real-time exhaled breath data collected from rats receiving either an intraperitoneal (ip) injection or oral gavage dose of chlorobenzene in corn oil. Exhaled breath profiles were evaluated and absorption rates were determined. Development of the chlorobenzene PBPK model in rats is the first step toward future extrapolations to apply to humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROBENZENE
KW  - DRUG metabolism
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - INTRAPERITONEAL injections
KW  - PARTITION coefficient (Chemistry)
KW  - RATS as laboratory animals
N1  - Accession Number: 12453918; Thrall, Karla D. 1; Email Address: karla.thrall@pnl.gov; Woodstock, Angela D. 1; Kania, Melissa R. 2; Source Information: 2004, Vol. 67 Issue 7, p525; Subject: CHLOROBENZENE; Subject: DRUG metabolism; Subject: PHARMACOKINETICS; Subject: INTRAPERITONEAL injections; Subject: PARTITION coefficient (Chemistry); Subject: RATS as laboratory animals; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287390490425731
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=12453918&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marcy, T. P.
AU  - Fahey, D. W.
AU  - Cao, R. S.
AU  - Popp, P. J.
AU  - Richard, E. C.
AU  - Thompson, T. L
AU  - Rosenlof, K. H.
AU  - Ray, E. A.
AU  - Salawitch, R. J.
AU  - Atherton, C. S.
AU  - Bergmann, D. J.
AU  - Ridley, B. A.
AU  - Weinheimer, A. J.
AU  - Loewenstein, M.
AU  - Weinstock, E. M.
AU  - Mahoney, M. J.
T1  - Quantifying Stratospheric Ozone in the Upper Tropospherewith in Situ Measurements of HCl.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5668
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 265
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We have developed a chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique for precise in situ measurements of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from a high-altitude aircraft. In measurements at subtropical latitudes, minimum HCl values found in the upper troposphere (UT) were often near or below the detection limit of the measurements (0.005 parts per billion by volume), indicating that background HCl values are much lower than a global mean estimate. However, significant abundances of HCl were observed in many UT air parcels, as a result of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport events. We developed a method for diagnosing the amount of stratospheric ozone in these UT parcels using the compact linear correlation of HCl with ozone found throughout the lower stratosphere (LS). Expanded use of this method will lead to improved quantification of cross-tropopause transport events and validation of global chemical transport models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OZONE layer
KW  - STRATOSPHERE
KW  - TROPOSPHERE
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12910507; Marcy, T. P. 1,2; Email Address: tmarcy@al.noaa.gov; Fahey, D. W. 1,2; Cao, R. S. 1; Popp, P. J. 1,2; Richard, E. C. 1,2; Thompson, T. L 1; Rosenlof, K. H. 1; Ray, E. A. 1,2; Salawitch, R. J. 3; Atherton, C. S. 4; Bergmann, D. J. 4; Ridley, B. A. 5; Weinheimer, A. J. 5; Loewenstein, M. 6; Weinstock, E. M. 7; Mahoney, M. J. 3; Source Information: 4/9/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5668, p261; Subject: OZONE layer; Subject: STRATOSPHERE; Subject: TROPOSPHERE; Subject: AIR pollution; Subject: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamachika, R.
AU  - Grobis, M.
AU  - Wachowiak, A.
AU  - Crommie, M. F.
T1  - Controlled Atomic Doping of a Single C60Molecule.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5668
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 284
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report a method for controllably attaching an arbitrary number of charge dopant atoms directly to a single, isolated molecule. Charge-donating K atoms adsorbed on a silver surface were reversibly attached to a C[sub60] molecule by moving it over K atoms with a scanning tunneling microscope tip. Spectroscopic measurements reveal that each attached K atom donates a constant amount of charge (∼0.6 electron charge) to the C[sub60] host, thereby enabling its molecular electronic structure to be precisely and reversibly tuned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ALKALI metals
N1  - Accession Number: 12910513; Yamachika, R. 1; Grobis, M. 1; Wachowiak, A. 1; Crommie, M. F. 1; Email Address: crommie@socrates.berkeley.edu; Source Information: 4/9/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5668, p281; Subject: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject: ATOMIC structure; Subject: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject: ALKALI metals; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2772
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeTeresa, Steven J.
AU  - Freeman, Dennis C.
AU  - Groves, Scott E.
T1  - The Effects of Through-thickness Compression on the Interlaminar Shear Response of Laminated Fiber Composites.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 697
SN  - 00219983
AB  - The effects of through-thickness compression on the interlaminar shear response of laminated fiber composites were studied. The combined stresses were generated using a hollow cylindrical specimen that was subjected to axial compression and torsion. For both glass- and carbon-fiber composites, through-thickness compression resulted in a significant enhancement in the interlaminar  shear stress and strain at failure. Under moderate compression levels, the failure mode changed from elastic to plastic. An attempt was made to predict the observed increase in shear strength for carbon fiber-epoxy laminates using three-dimensional lamina failure criteria. Although all the failure theories correctly  predicted the trend of increasing shear strength with compression, none were able to predict the full extent of the observed strength increase. These results indicate that improved models are needed for determining failure under a combined state of interlaminar stress. The experimental results demonstrate that there are significant gains to be made in improving interlaminar strengths of composite structures by applying through-thickness compression. This effect could be exploited for improved strength and possibly improved fatigue life of composite joints and other regions in structures where interlaminar stress states are critical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - LAMINATED materials
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - GLASS fibers
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - combined stresses
KW  - failure
KW  - interlaminar shear
KW  - through-thickness compression
N1  - Accession Number: 13615334; DeTeresa, Steven J. 1; Email Address: deteresa1@llnl.gov; Freeman, Dennis C. 1; Groves, Scott E. 1; Source Information: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p681; Subject: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject: LAMINATED materials; Subject: CARBON fibers; Subject: GLASS fibers; Subject: COMPOSITE materials; Subject: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: combined stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: failure; Author-Supplied Keyword: interlaminar shear; Author-Supplied Keyword: through-thickness compression; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304042401
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bisho, James K. B.
AU  - Wood, Todd J.
AU  - Davis, Russ E.
AU  - Sherman, Jeffrey T.
T1  - Robotic Observations of Enhanced Carbon Biomass and Export at 55°S During SOFeX.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/16/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5669
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 420
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Autonomous floats profiling in high-nitrate low-silicate waters of the Southern Ocean observed carbon biomass variability and carbon exported to depths of 100 m during the 2002 Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX) to detect the effects of iron fertilization of surface water there. Control and "in-patch" measurements documented a greater than fourfold enhancement of carbon biomass in the iron-amended waters. Carbon export through 100 m increased two- to sixfold as the patch subducted below a front. The molar ratio of iron added to carbon exported ranged between 10[sup4] and 10[sup5]. The biomass buildup and export were much higher than expected for iron-amended low-silicate waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MOLECULAR volume
KW  - IRON
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - ANTARCTIC Ocean
N1  - Accession Number: 12965900; Bisho, James K. B. 1; Email Address: JKBishop@lbi.gov; Wood, Todd J. 1; Davis, Russ E. 2; Sherman, Jeffrey T. 2; Source Information: 4/16/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5669, p417; Subject: BIOMASS; Subject: CARBON; Subject: MOLECULAR volume; Subject: IRON; Subject: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Geographic Terms: ANTARCTIC Ocean; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3467
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choe, S.-B.
AU  - Acremann, Y.
AU  - Scholl, A.
AU  - Bauer, A.
AU  - Doran, A.
AU  - Stöhr, J.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
T1  - Vortex Core-Driven Magnetization Dynamics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/16/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5669
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
EP  - 422
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Time-resolved x-ray imaging shows that the magnetization dynamics of a micron-sized pattern containing a ferromagnetic vortex is determined by its handedness, or chirality. The out-of-plane magnetization in the nanometerscale vortex core induces a three-dimensional handedness in the planar magnetic structure, leading to a precessional motion of the core parallel to a subnanosecond field pulse. The core velocity was an order of magnitude higher than expected from the static susceptibility. These results demonstrate that handedness, already well known to be important in biological systems, plays an important role in the dynamics of microscopic magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - STATICS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12965901; Choe, S.-B. 1; Email Address: SBChoe@lbl.gov; Acremann, Y. 2; Scholl, A. 1; Bauer, A. 1,2,3; Doran, A. 1; Stöhr, J. 2; Padmore, H. A. 1; Source Information: 4/16/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5669, p420; Subject: MAGNETIZATION; Subject: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject: SYSTEMS theory; Subject: MAGNETISM; Subject: STATICS; Subject: BIOLOGICAL systems; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2186
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timchalk, Charles
AU  - Poet, Torka S.
AU  - Kousba, Ahmed A.
AU  - Campbell, James A.
AU  - Lin, Yuehe
T1  - Noninvasive Biomonitoring Approaches to Determine Dosimetry and Risk Following Acute Chemical Exposure: Analysis of Lead or Organophosphate Insecticide in Saliva.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
Y1  - 2004/04/23/
VL  - 67
IS  - 8-10
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
EP  - 650
SN  - 15287394
AB  - There is a need to develop approaches for assessing risk associated with acute exposures to a broad range of metals and chemical agents and to rapidly determine the potential implications to human health. Noninvasive biomonitoring approaches are being developed using reliable portable analytical systems to quantitate dosimetry utilizing readily obtainable body fluids, such as saliva. Saliva has been used to evaluate a broad range of biomarkers, drugs, and environmental contaminants, including heavy metals and pesticides. To advance the application of noninvasive biomonitoring a microfluidic/electrochemical device has also been developed for the analysis of lead (Pb), using square-wave anodic stripping voltametry. The system demonstrates a linear response over a broad concentration range (1-2000 ppb) and is capable of quantitating saliva Pb in rats orally administered acute doses of Pb acetate. Appropriate pharmacokinetic analyses have been used to quantitate systemic dosimetry based on determination of saliva Pb concentrations. In addition, saliva has recently been used to quantitate dosimetry following exposure to the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos in a rodent model system by measuring the major metabolite, trichloropyridinol, and saliva cholinesterase inhibition following acute exposures. These results suggest that technology developed for noninvasive biomonitoring can provide a sensitive and portable analytical tool capable of assessing exposure and risk in real-time. By coupling these noninvasive technologies with pharmacokinetic modeling it is feasible to rapidly quantitate acute exposure to a broad range of chemical agents. In summary, it is envisioned that once fully developed, these monitoring and modeling approaches will be useful for evaluating acute exposure and health risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL monitoring
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - INSECTICIDES -- Physiological effect
KW  - DOSAGE of drugs
KW  - ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds
KW  - LEAD -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 12673745; Timchalk, Charles 1; Email Address: charles.timchalk@pnl.gov; Poet, Torka S. 1; Kousba, Ahmed A. 1; Campbell, James A. 1; Lin, Yuehe 1; Source Information: 2004, Vol. 67 Issue 8-10, p635; Subject: BIOLOGICAL monitoring; Subject: HEALTH risk assessment; Subject: INSECTICIDES -- Physiological effect; Subject: DOSAGE of drugs; Subject: ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds; Subject: LEAD -- Physiological effect; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fan, Hongyou
AU  - Yang, Kai
AU  - Boye, Dabniel M.
AU  - Sigmon, Thomas
AU  - Malloy, Kevin J.
AU  - Xu, Huifang
AU  - López, Gabriel P.
AU  - Brinker, C. Jeffrey
T1  - Self-Assembly of Ordered, Robust, Three-Dimensional GoldNanocrystal/Silica Arrays.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/23/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5670
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 571
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report the synthesis of a new nanocrystal (NC) mesophase through self-assembly of water-soluble NC micelles with soluble silica. The mesophase comprises gold nanocrystals arranged within a silica matrix in a face-centered cubic lattice with cell dimensions that are adjustable through control of the nanocrystal diameter and/or the alkane chain lengths of the primary alkanethiol stabilizing ligands or the surrounding secondary surfactants. Under kinetically controlled silica polymerization conditions, evaporation drives self-assembly of NC micelles into ordered NC/silica thin-film mesophases during spin coating. The intermediate NC micelles are water soluble and of interest for biolabeling. Initial experiments on a metal-insulator-metal capacitor fabricated with an ordered three-dimensional gold nanocrystal/silica array as the "insulator" demonstrated collective Coulomb blockade behavior below 100 kelvin and established the current-voltage scaling relationship for a well-defined three-dimensional array of Coulomb islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - COLLOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 13054730; Fan, Hongyou 1,2; Email Address: hfan@sandia.gov; Yang, Kai 3; Boye, Dabniel M. 4; Sigmon, Thomas 3; Malloy, Kevin J. 3; Xu, Huifang 2; López, Gabriel P. 2; Brinker, C. Jeffrey 1,2; Email Address: cjbrink@sandia.gov; Source Information: 4/23/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5670, p567; Subject: SILICA; Subject: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject: THIN films; Subject: SILICON compounds; Subject: SURFACE active agents; Subject: COLLOIDS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3496
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regan, B. C.
AU  - Aloni, S.
AU  - Ritchie, R. O.
AU  - Dahmen, U.
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Carbon nanotubes as nanoscale mass conveyors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/04/29/
VL  - 428
IS  - 6986
M3  - Article
SP  - 924
EP  - 927
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The development of manipulation tools that are not too ‘fat’ or too ‘sticky’ for atomic scale assembly is an important challenge facing nanotechnology. Impressive nanofabrication capabilities have been demonstrated with scanning probe manipulation of atoms and molecules on clean surfaces. However, as fabrication tools, both scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes suffer from a loading deficiency: although they can manipulate atoms already present, they cannot efficiently deliver atoms to the work area. Carbon nanotubes, with their hollow cores and large aspect ratios, have been suggested as possible conduits for nanoscale amounts of material. Already much effort has been devoted to the filling of nanotubes and the application of such techniques. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes have been used as probes in scanning probe microscopy. If the atomic placement and manipulation capability already demonstrated by scanning probe microscopy could be combined with a nanotube delivery system, a formidable nanoassembly tool would result. Here we report the achievement of controllable, reversible atomic scale mass transport along carbon nanotubes, using indium metal as the prototype transport species. This transport process has similarities to conventional electro-migration, a phenomenon of critical importance to the semiconductor industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - TUBES
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 13009257; Regan, B. C. 1,2; Aloni, S. 1,2; Ritchie, R. O. 2,3; Dahmen, U. 2,4; Zettl, A. 1,2; Email Address: azettl@socrates.berkeley.edu; Source Information: 4/29/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6986, p924; Subject: NANOTUBES; Subject: TUBES; Subject: NANOSCIENCE; Subject: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject: MATERIALS science; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02496
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaudioso, Jennifer
AU  - Salerno, Reynolds M.
T1  - Biosecurity and Research: Minimizing Adverse Impacts.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5671
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
EP  - 687
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Securing pathogens and toxins at research and diagnostic laboratories cannot prevent bioterrorism but can make it more difficult for potential terrorists to divert material from a legitimate facility so as to build a biological weapon. The question is how best to apply biosecurity without impeding biomedical and bioscience research. Three U.S. Codes of Federal Regulations establish lists of agents and toxins that pose a threat to humans, animals, or plants. Furthermore, federal regulations prohibit "restricted persons" from conducting research on any of the listed agents and toxins. Recently, many researchers have decided to discontinue or not pursue research on regulated biological agents, rather than implement the new security regulations and bear the associated financial burden.
KW  - BIOTERRORISM
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - ANTITOXINS
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - FEDERAL government
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13159767; Gaudioso, Jennifer 1; Salerno, Reynolds M. 1; Source Information: 4/30/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5671, p687; Subject: BIOTERRORISM; Subject: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject: ANTITOXINS; Subject: METABOLITES; Subject: FEDERAL government; Geographic Terms: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1097
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yin, Yadong
AU  - Rioux, Robert M.
AU  - Erdonmez, Can K.
AU  - Hughes, Steven
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
T1  - Formation of Hollow Nanocrystals Through the Nanoscale Kirkendall Effect.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5671
M3  - Article
SP  - 711
EP  - 714
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Hollow nanocrystals can be synthesized through a mechanism analogous to the Kirkendall Effect, in which pores form because of the difference in diffusion rates between two components in a diffusion couple. Starting with cobalt nanocrystals, we show that their reaction in solution with oxygen and either sulfur or selenium leads to the formation of hollow nanocrystals of the resulting oxide and chalcogenides. This process provides a general route to the synthesis of hollow nanostructures of a large number of compounds. A simple extension of the process yielded platinum-cobalt oxide yolk-shell nanostructures, which may serve as nanoscale reactors in catalytic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - INORGANIC compounds
KW  - COBALT
KW  - SELENIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13159780; Yin, Yadong 1; Rioux, Robert M. 1; Erdonmez, Can K. 1; Hughes, Steven 1; Somorjai, Gabor A. 1; Alivisatos, A. Paul 1; Source Information: 4/30/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5671, p711; Subject: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject: DIFFUSION; Subject: NANOPARTICLES; Subject: INORGANIC compounds; Subject: COBALT; Subject: SELENIUM; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3924
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fridlind, Ann M.
AU  - Ackerman, Andrew S.
AU  - Jensen, Eric J.
AU  - Heymsfield, Andrew J.
AU  - Poellot, Michael R.
AU  - Stevens, David E.
AU  - Wang, Donghai
AU  - Miloshevich, Larry M.
AU  - Baumgardner, Darret
AU  - Lawson, R. Paul
AU  - Wilson, James C.
AU  - Flagan, Richard C.
AU  - Seinfeld, John H.
AU  - Jonsson, Haflidi H.
AU  - Vanreken, Timothy M.
AU  - Varutbangkul, Varuntida
AU  - Rissman, Tracey A.
T1  - Evidence for the Predominance of Mid-Tropospheric Aerosols as Subtropical Anvil Cloud Nuclei.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5671
M3  - Article
SP  - 718
EP  - 722
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - NASA's recent Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers-Florida Area Cirrus Experiment focused on anvil cirrus clouds, an important but poorly : understood element of our climate system. The data obtained included the first comprehensive measurements of aerosols and cloud particles throughout the atmospheric column during the evolution of multiple deep convective storm systems. Coupling these new measurements with detailed cloud simulations that resolve the size distributions of aerosols and cloud particles, we found several lines of evidence indicating that most anvil crystals form on mid-tropospheric rather than boundary-layer aerosols. This result defies conventional wisdom and suggests that distant pollution sources may have a greater effect on anvil clouds than do local sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TROPOSPHERIC aerosols
KW  - AERONAUTICS -- United States
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - TROPOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - FLORIDA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13159782; Fridlind, Ann M. 1; Email Address: ann.fridlind@nasa.gov; Ackerman, Andrew S. 1; Jensen, Eric J. 1; Heymsfield, Andrew J. 2; Poellot, Michael R. 3; Stevens, David E. 4; Wang, Donghai 5; Miloshevich, Larry M. 2; Baumgardner, Darret 6; Lawson, R. Paul 7; Wilson, James C. 8; Flagan, Richard C. 9; Seinfeld, John H. 9; Jonsson, Haflidi H. 10; Vanreken, Timothy M. 9; Varutbangkul, Varuntida 9; Rissman, Tracey A. 9; Source Information: 4/30/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5671, p718; Subject: TROPOSPHERIC aerosols; Subject: AERONAUTICS -- United States; Subject: AIR pollution; Subject: CLOUDS; Subject: TROPOSPHERIC chemistry; Geographic Terms: FLORIDA; UNITED States; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3621
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamada, Michael
AU  - Sitter, Randy
T1  - Statistical Research: Some Advice for Beginners.
JO  - American Statistician
JF  - American Statistician
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 58
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 101
SN  - 15372731
AB  - For new graduate students, we discuss issues and aspects of doing statistical research and provide advice. We answer questions that we had when we were beginners, like "When do I start?", "How do I start?", "How do I find out what has already been done?", "How do I make progress?", "How do I finish?", and "What else can I do?". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Statistician is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - GRADUATE students
KW  - STUDY & teaching
KW  - Finding problems
KW  - Identifying literature
KW  - Presenting
N1  - Accession Number: 13020514; Hamada, Michael 1; Email Address: hamada@lanl.gov; Sitter, Randy 2; Affiliations: 1: Statistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; 2: Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 58 Issue 2, p93; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: PROBLEM solving; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: GRADUATE students; Subject Term: STUDY & teaching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finding problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Identifying literature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Presenting; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
AU  - Amos, Wade
T1  - RENEWABLE HYDROGEN  FROM GREEN ALGAE.
JO  - BioCycle
JF  - BioCycle
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 62
PB  - JG Press, Inc.
SN  - 02765055
AB  - Presents on the discovery of a psychological way to manipulate algal cultures to photoproduce hydrogen without the need to continuously remove oxygen by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Economic potential of the hydrogen-producing system; Identification of the key factors as being the major costdrivers of the system; Result of the absence of carbon dioxide fixation by hydrogen-producing cultures.
KW  - DISCOVERIES in science
KW  - CREATIVE ability in science
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - UNIVERSITIES & colleges
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13162871; Ghirardi, Maria L. 1; Amos, Wade 1; Source Information: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 5, p59; Subject: DISCOVERIES in science; Subject: CREATIVE ability in science; Subject: RESEARCH; Subject: UNIVERSITIES & colleges; Subject: HYDROGEN; Geographic Terms: CALIFORNIA; UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeremy  Fried
AU  - Margaret  Torn
AU  - Evan  Mills
T1  - The Impact of Climate Change on Wildfire Severity: A Regional Forecast for Northern California.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 191
SN  - 01650009
AB  - We estimated the impact of climatic change on wildland fire and suppression effectiveness in northern California by linking general circulation model output to local weather and fire records and projecting fire outcomes with an initial-attack suppression model. The warmer and windier conditions corresponding to a 2 × CO2 climate scenario produced fires that burned more intensely and spread faster in most locations. Despite enhancement of fire suppression efforts, the number of escaped fires (those exceeding initial containment limits) increased 51% in the south San Francisco Bay area, 125% in the Sierra Nevada, and did not change on the north coast. Changes in area burned by contained fires were 41%, 41% and –8%, respectively. When interpolated to most of northern California's wildlands, these results translate to an average annual increase of 114 escapes (a doubling of the current frequency) and an additional 5,000 hectares (a 50% increase) burned by contained fires. On average, the fire return intervals in grass and brush vegetation types were cut in half. The estimates reported represent a minimum expected change, or best-case forecast. In addition to the increased suppression costs and economic damages, changes in fire severity of this magnitude would have widespread impacts on vegetation distribution, forest condition, and carbon storage, and greatly increase the risk to property, natural resources and human life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Wildfires
KW  - Wilderness areas
KW  - California
N1  - Accession Number: 19957229; Jeremy  Fried 1; Margaret  Torn 2; Evan  Mills 3; Affiliations: 1 : PNW Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Program USDA Forest Service P.O. Box 3890 Portland OR 97208 U.S.A. P.O. Box 3890 Portland OR 97208 U.S.A.; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Earth Sciences Division One Cyclotron Road MS 90-1116 Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A. One Cyclotron Road MS 90-1116 Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A.; 3 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Environmental Energy Technologies Division One Cyclotron Road MS 90-4000 Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A. One Cyclotron Road MS 90-4000 Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A.;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 64 Issue 1/2, p169; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Wildfires; Thesaurus Term: Wilderness areas; Subject: California; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elcock, Deborah
AU  - Klemic, Gladys A.
AU  - Taboas, Anibal L.
T1  - Establishing Remediation Levels in Response to a Radiological Dispersal Event (or "Dirty Bomb").
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2505
EP  - 2512
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The detonation of a radiological dispersal device (ADD) could produce significant social and economic damage, the extent of which would depend largely on how quickly and effectively cleanup levels were established and on public acceptance of those levels. This paper shows that current radiological cleanup laws and regulations, models for converting dose or risk goals to cleanup concentrations, and existing site-specific criteria were not designed specifically for ROD cleanups but, absent changes, would apply by default The goals and approaches of these legal and methodological structures often conflict; using them in response to terrorism could undermine public confidence, cause delays, and produce unnecessary costs or unacceptable cleanups. ROD cleanups would involve immediate priorities not envisioned in the existing radiological cleanup framework, such as balancing radiation risks with the health, economic, and other societal impacts associated with access to the infrastructure necessary to sustain society (e.g., hospitals, bridges, utilities). To minimize the achievement of terrorism goals, the elements of an ROD cleanup response-including updating existing legal/regulatory structures to clarify federal authority, goals, and methods for developing ROD cleanup criteria-must be in place soon; given the complexity of the issues and the potential societal impact, this effort should be expedited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - DIRTY bombs
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL remediation
KW  - CLEANUP of radioactive waste sites
KW  - TERRORISM
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 13111155; Elcock, Deborah 1; Email Address: elcock@anl.gov.; Klemic, Gladys A. 2; Taboas, Anibal L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Assessment Division, 955 L'Enfant Plaza, SW, Suite 6000, Washington, D.C. 20024; 2: Environmental Measurements Laboratory, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 201 Varick Street, 5th Floor, New York, New York 10014; 3: U.S. Department of Energy, Chicago Operations Office, 9800 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 9, p2505; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: DIRTY bombs; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL remediation; Subject Term: CLEANUP of radioactive waste sites; Subject Term: TERRORISM; Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenberg, Steve
T1  - Magnetic versus Electronic Ballasts.
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Provides information on conserving energy consumed by fluorescent lamps.  Variables that affect energy conservation; List of Web sites of several organizations that provide opinion on energy conservation.
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Fluorescent lamps
KW  - Websites
KW  - Information resources
N1  - Accession Number: 13215962; Greenberg, Steve 1; Affiliations: 1 : Facilities Energy Management Engineer, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory;  Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p6; Thesaurus Term: Energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Subject Term: Fluorescent lamps; Subject Term: Websites; Subject Term: Information resources; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meier, Barbara J.
AU  - Spalter, Anne Morgan
AU  - Karelitz, David B.
T1  - Interactive Color Palette Tools.
JO  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
JF  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
J1  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
PY  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 64
EP  - 72
SN  - 02721716
AB  - Color is one of the basic building blocks of image creation, yet many computer-based methods for selecting and working with colors remain unchanged from the time of their invention two decades ago. The authors have integrated core concepts from art, perceptual science, and psychology to develop a new toolset, Interactive Palette Tools (IPT).The IPT address each of these questions with a prototype plug-in to the computer software "Adobe Illustrator." This collection of tools will help designers choose and use colors effectively. The IPT are coordinated through a palette browser that displays named palettes. A drop-down arrow lets the user hide or show each associated palette. Large swatch sets are displayed on multiple lines. The authors enhanced their version with the nudger feature, palette sorting by theme color, and corresponding reference imagery available in the image and composition tools. During the early implementation phase of the IPT, the authors conducted a Web-based survey of individuals who work with color.  INSET: Previous Work..
KW  - COLORS
KW  - PALETTES (Tool)
KW  - ADOBE software
KW  - COMPUTER art
KW  - COLOR computer graphics
KW  - ARTISTS' tools
N1  - Accession Number: 13137692; Source Information: May/Jun2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p64; Subject Term: COLORS; Subject Term: PALETTES (Tool); Subject Term: ADOBE software; Subject Term: COMPUTER art; Subject Term: COLOR computer graphics; Subject Term: ARTISTS' tools; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frazho, A. E.
AU  - Yagci, B.
AU  - Sumali, H.
T1  - On Sinusoid Estimation in Nonstationary Noise.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 777
EP  - 781
SN  - 00189286
AB  - This note presents a sinusoid estimation algorithm, which will converge to the spectrum of the sinusoid process in nonstationary additive noise. The algorithm is in the framework of the tangential Nevanlinna-Pick setting. The procedure is a generalization of Capon's maximum likelihood estimate and some classical limit theorem for orthogonal polynomials. The method is used in an experimental example to find the natural frequencies of a lightly damped structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - TANGENTIAL coordinates
KW  - NEVANLINNA theory
KW  - ORTHOGONAL polynomials
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - Experimental vibration analysis
KW  - sinusoid estimation
N1  - Accession Number: 13281770; Frazho, A. E. 1; Email Address: frazho@ecn.purdue.edu; Yagci, B. 1; Email Address: byagci@ecn.purdue.edu; Sumali, H. 2; Email Address: hsumali@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0557 USA.; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p777; Thesaurus Term: ESTIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: TANGENTIAL coordinates; Subject Term: NEVANLINNA theory; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL polynomials; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental vibration analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: sinusoid estimation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TAC.2004.825976
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cansiz, Ahmet
AU  - Hull, John R.
T1  - Stable Load-Carrying and Rotational Loss Characteristics of Diamagnetic Bearings.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/05//
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1636
EP  - 1641
SN  - 00189464
AB  - We investigated the use of diamagnetic materials in magnetic bearings using an experimental apparatus to study the static equilibrium, load-carrying capacity, and dynamic characteristics of the bearings. The apparatus consisted of a 0.79-g NdFeB disk-shaped permanent-magnet rotor levitated by a ferrite magnet with a diamagnetic stabilizer made of either bismuth or graphite, all in a bell-jar vacuum chamber to eliminate air friction on the rotor. The equilibrium position of the rotor was statically and dynamically stable, according to theoretical calculations based on the magnetic-image method. In dynamic tests, the rotor of the diamagnetic bearing was spun up to 100 Hz by a tangential jet of nitrogen gas and then was allowed to spin down freely to measure the rotational losses. The rotational losses varied with the frequency of the rotation, indicating that most of the losses were mainly due to eddy currents. Minor losses due to magnetic inhomogeneities in the permanent magnets and diamagnetic parts were also observed over a small frequency range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC bearings
KW  - DYNAMIC testing
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - BEARINGS (Machinery)
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - PERMANENT magnet motors
N1  - Accession Number: 13343226; Source Information: May2004, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p1636; Subject Term: MAGNETIC bearings; Subject Term: DYNAMIC testing; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: BEARINGS (Machinery); Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnet motors; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 6p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.827181
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Daniel A.
AU  - Stowell, Mark
T1  - Full-Wave Simulation of Electromagnetic Coupling Effects in RF and Mixed-Signal ICs Using a Time-Domain Finite-Element Method.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
PY  - 2004/05//
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 52
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1404
EP  - 1413
SN  - 00189480
AB  - This paper describes the computer simulation and modeling of distributed electromagnetic coupling effects in analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits. Distributed electromagnetic coupling effects include magnetic coupling of adjacent interconnects and/or planar spiral inductors, substrate coupling due to stray electric currents in a conductive substrate, and full-wave electromagnetic radiation. These coupling mechanisms are inclusively simulated by solving the full-wave Maxwell's equations using a three-dimensional (3-D) time-domain finite-element method. This simulation approach is quite general and can be used for circuit layouts that include isolation wells, guard rings, and 3-D metallic structures. A state-variable behavioral modeling procedure is used to construct simple linear models that mimic the distributed electromagnetic effects. These state-variable models can easily be incorporated into a VHDL-AMS simulation providing a means to include distributed electromagnetic effects into a circuit simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
N1  - Accession Number: 13159861; Source Information: May2004, Vol. 52 Issue 5, p1404; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 10p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMTT.2004.827008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keisler, J. M.
AU  - Buehring, W. A.
AU  - McLaughlin, P. D.
AU  - Robershotte, M. A.
AU  - Whitfield, R. G.
T1  - Allocating Vendor Risks in the Hanford Waste Cleanup.
JO  - Interfaces
JF  - Interfaces
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
EP  - 190
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00922102
AB  - Organizations may view outsourcing as a way to manage risk. We developed a decision-analytic approach to determine which risks the buyer can share or shift to vendors and which ones it should bear. We found that allocating risks incorrectly could increase costs dramatically. Between 1995 and 1998,we used this approach to develop the request for proposals (RFP) for the US Department of Energy's (DOE's)privatization initiative for the Hanford tank waste remediation system (TWRS). In the model, we used an assessment protocol to predict how vendors would react to proposed risk allocations in terms of their actions and their pricing. We considered the impact of allocating each major risk to potential vendors, to the DOE, or to both and identified the risk allocation that would minimize the DOE's total cost its direct payments to vendors plus the costs of any residual risks it accepted. Allocating inappropriate risks to the vendor would have increased costs because the vendor would add a large risk premium to its bids, while allocating inappropriate risks to the DOE also would have increased costs because the vendor would not take adequate  risk-reduction measures. With the improved risk allocation, the RFPs resulted in bids that were acceptable to the DOE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Interfaces is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK management in business
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - CONTRACTING out
KW  - BIDS
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - decision analysis: risks
KW  - government: agencies
N1  - Accession Number: 13643077; Keisler, J. M. 1; Email Address: jeff.keisler@umb.edu; Buehring, W. A. 2; Email Address: wabuehring@anl.gov; McLaughlin, P. D. 3; Email Address: peter.mclaughlin@pnl.gov; Robershotte, M. A. 3; Email Address: mark.robershotte@pnl.gov; Whitfield, R. G. 2; Email Address: rgwhitfield@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Management Sciences and Information Systems, College of Management, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard,M/5-230, Boston, Massachusetts 02125,; 2: Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 900, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4832; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Issue Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p180; Thesaurus Term: RISK management in business; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: CONTRACTING out; Thesaurus Term: BIDS; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: decision analysis: risks; Author-Supplied Keyword: government: agencies; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1287/inte.1040.0078
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, V.
AU  - Glimm, J.
AU  - Davenport, J. W.
AU  - Cal, X.
AU  - Santos, E.
T1  - PERFORMANCE MODELS ON QCDOC FOR MOLECULAR DYNAMICS WITH COULOMB POTENTIALS.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 195
SN  - 10943420
AB  - The article explores the use of a machine with novel architecture designed for quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The quantum chromodynamics on a chip (QCDOC) architecture has two attractive and unusual features, a very high degree of communication parallelism and a very low latency. The result appears to be a design with highly scalable parallel performance. The QCDOC high per formance network allows a very high level of parallelism and very fast solutions, for a number of basic algorithms of wide interest. Because of the high level of parallelism, small problem sizes per processor are feasible, with the result that the entire problem fits in the on-chip, L2 cache, memory. Authors expect that the performance as a fraction of peak speed will be comparable to that of a vector machine. The machine is scalable by design, and is recognized to be very cost effective per teraflop of sustained performance. The machine should excel especially for problems for which large numbers of timesteps are the figure of merit.
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - CACHE memory
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - COST effectiveness
N1  - Accession Number: 13335801; Deng, V. 1; Glimm, J. 1; Davenport, J. W. 2; Cal, X. 3; Santos, E. 4; Source Information: Summer2004, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p183; Subject: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject: COMPUTER architecture; Subject: ALGORITHMS; Subject: CACHE memory; Subject: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject: COST effectiveness; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004044010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerbyson, Darren J.
AU  - Hoisie, Adolfy
AU  - Pakin, Scott
AU  - Petrini, Fabrizio
AU  - Wasserman, Harvey J.
T1  - A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AN ALPHA EV7 PROCESSING NODE.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 209
SN  - 10943420
AB  - This article details a performance evaluation of a state-of-the-art AlphaServer node. This node is a prototype of the latest generation AlphaServer systems, which are designed to scale up to 128 processors per node. The 21364 processor, code-named EV7, is the latest in the Alpha processor line. The EV7 design emphasizes high memory performance in order to overcome some of the performance issues associated with the increasing gap between processor and memory speeds. The performance of a 16-processor node is examined here in terms of memory performance, intranode MPI communication performance, and also with a number of complete applications. The performance reported through this work is taken from a pre-production node running at a clock rate of 1.2 GHz. Due to the excellent main-memory bus bandwidth, a higher performance should be achievable on nodes using the EV7 processor in comparison to the existing EV68 at a similar clock-speed used in the existing AlphaServer ES45 nodes.
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - HIGH performance processors
KW  - COMPUTER engineering
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
N1  - Accession Number: 13335803; Kerbyson, Darren J. 1; Hoisie, Adolfy 1; Pakin, Scott 1; Petrini, Fabrizio 1; Wasserman, Harvey J. 1; Source Information: Summer2004, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p199; Subject: HIGH performance computing; Subject: COMPUTERS; Subject: BANDWIDTHS; Subject: HIGH performance processors; Subject: COMPUTER engineering; Subject: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004039808
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=13335803&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Wang, W;
AU  - Gu, BH;
AU  - Liang, LY;
T1  - Effect of surfactants on the formation, morphology, and surface property of synthesized SiO<INF>2</INF> nanoparticles
CT  - Effect of surfactants on the formation, morphology, and surface property of synthesized SiO<INF>2</INF> nanoparticles
JO  - Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology (USA)
JF  - Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology (USA)
Y1  - 2004/05/01/
VL  - 25
IS  - May
SP  - 593
EP  - 601
SN  - 01932691
AD  - Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA wangw@ornl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 42-02884; Language: English; Chemical Name: Silicon dioxide--7631-86-9; References: 33; Publication Type: Proceedings; Journal Coden: JDTEDS; Section Heading: Pharmaceutics; Pharmaceutical Chemistry
N2  - This study investigated the effect of cationic, anionic (saturated and unsaturated), and nonionic surfactants on the formation, morphology, and surface properties of silica nanoparticles synthesized by the ammonium-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane in alcoholic media. Results indicate that at a relatively low surfactant concentration (1 x 10<SUP>-3</SUP>-1 x 10<SUP>-6</SUP>M), cationic surfactants significantly affected the growth of silica particles as measured by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopic analyses. In contrast, the anionic and nonionic surfactants showed relatively minor effects in the low concentration range. The magnitude of negative zeta potential was reduced for silica colloids that were synthesized in the presence of cationic surfactant because of charge neutralization. The presence of anionic surfactants only slightly increased the negative zeta potential while the nonionic surfactant showed no obvious effects. At high surfactant concentrations (> 1 x 10<SUP>-3</SUP> M), cationic and anionic surfactants both induced colloid aggregation, while the nonionic surfactant showed no effect on particle size. Raman spectroscopic analysis suggests that molecules of cationic surfactants adsorb on silica surfaces via head groups, aided by favorable electrostatic attraction, while molecules of anionic and nonionic surfactants adsorb via their hydrophobic tails.
KW  - Silicon dioxide--synthesis-;
KW  - Nanoparticles--silicon dioxide;
KW  - Morphology--silicon dioxide;
KW  - Colloids--silicon dioxide;
KW  - Particle size--silicon dioxide;
KW  - Particle size distribution--silicon dioxide;
KW  - Surface active agents--effects;
KW  - Cations--surface active agents;
KW  - Anions--surface active agents;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sauer, Nancy N.
AU  - Ehler, Deborah S.
AU  - Duran, Brandy L.
T1  - Lead Extraction from Contaminated Soil Using Water-Soluble Polymers.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Engineering
J1  - Journal of Environmental Engineering
PY  - 2004/05//
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 130
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 585
EP  - 588
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 07339372
AB  - The applicability of water-soluble polymers as extractants for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils has been explored using a lead-contaminated Superfund soil as a sample system. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was functionalized with bromo- or chloroacetic acid to give an aminocarboxylate chelating group, which effectively binds lead. The resulting polymer, PEIC, has extraction properties similar to the molecular chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. A series of studies was done to probe optimum conditions for lead extraction from soils obtained from the Cal-West Superfund site in New Mexico that contained approximately 10,000 ppm of Pb. In batch extraction experiments using polymer functionalized at two different levels, the polymers removed greater than 97% of the lead from the soils. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that the selective extraction of lead could be controlled by varying polymer functionalization levels. Concentration and regeneration of the polymers using ultrafiltration was also demonstrated. Release of lead from the polymer was accomplished by acidification to pH 1 with HCl. Subsequent ultrafiltration allowed recovery of the extractant polymer for reuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL remediation
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - HEAVY metals
KW  - SOIL pollution
KW  - LEAD
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12861081; Source Information: May2004, Vol. 130 Issue 5, p585; Subject Term: SOIL remediation; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: HEAVY metals; Subject Term: SOIL pollution; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: NEW Mexico; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 4p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:5(585)
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=12861081&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacLeod, Matthew
AU  - Bennett, Deborah H.
AU  - Perem, Merike
AU  - Maddalena, Randy L.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Mackay, Don
T1  - Dependence of Intake Fraction on Release Location in a Multimedia Framework - A Case Study of Four Contaminants in North America.
JO  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
JF  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 102
SN  - 10881980
AB  - A defining feature of industrial ecology is the design of processes to minimize any disruption of the functioning of the natural ecosystem that supports life, including human beings. The extent of human exposure to anthropogenic contaminants in the environment is a complex function of the amount of chemical emitted, its physicochemical properties and reactivity, the nature of the environment, and the characteristics of the pathways for human exposure, such as inhalation, dermal contacts, and intake of food and water. For some chemicals, the location of emissions relative to areas of high population density or intense food production may also be an important factor. We explore the relative importance of these variables using the regionally segmented Berkeley-Trent (BETR) North America contaminant fate model and data for food production patterns and population density for North America. The model is applied to four contaminants emitted to air: benzene, carbon tetrachloride, benzo[a]pyrene, and 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin. The total continental intake fraction (iF), relating exposure quantity to emission quantity, is employed as a metric for assessing population exposure to these contaminants. Results show that the use of continentally averaged parameters for population density and food production provides an accurate estimate of the median of iF calculated for emissions in individual regions; however, iF can range from this median by up to 3 orders of magnitude, especially for chemicals transferred to humans through foods. The locations of population and food production relative to sources of chemicals are important variables that should be considered when assessing the possible human health impacts of chemical emissions as in life-cycle assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Industrial Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUSTRIAL ecology
KW  - ECOSYSTEM management
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - comparative impact assessment
KW  - dietary exposure pathway
KW  - exposure
KW  - HEALTH EFFECTS
KW  - MULTIMEDIA MODELING
KW  - site dependency
N1  - Accession Number: 15025595; MacLeod, Matthew 1; Email Address: mjmacleod@lbl.gov; Bennett, Deborah H. 2; Perem, Merike 3; Maddalena, Randy L. 4; McKone, Thomas E. 5,6; Mackay, Don 7; Affiliations: 1: Postdoctoral fellow, Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2: Assistant professor of environmental health and risk assessment, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 3: Research associate, Canadian Environmental Modeling Centre, Trent University; 4: Scientist, Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 5: Senior scientist, Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 6: Adjunct professor, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California; 7: Director of the Canadian Environmental Modeling Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada; Issue Info: Summer2004, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p89; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL ecology; Thesaurus Term: ECOSYSTEM management; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: comparative impact assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: dietary exposure pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: HEALTH EFFECTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: MULTIMEDIA MODELING; Author-Supplied Keyword: site dependency; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/1088198042442360
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanxin Wang
AU  - Voy, Brynn Jones
AU  - Urs, Sumithra
AU  - Suyeon Kim
AU  - Soltani-Bejnood, Morvarid
AU  - Quiley, Neil
AU  - Young-Ran Heo
AU  - Standridge, Melissa
AU  - Andersen, Bret
AU  - Dhar, Madhu
AU  - Joshi, Rashika
AU  - Worthman, Patrick
AU  - Talor, James W.
AU  - Chun, Joseph
AU  - Leuze, Michael
AU  - Claycombe, Kate
AU  - Saxton, Arnold M.
AU  - Moustaid-Moussa, Naima
T1  - The Human Fatty Acid Synthase Gene and De Novo Lipogenesis Are Coordinately Regulated in Human Adipose Tissue.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 134
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1032
EP  - 1038
SN  - 00223166
AB  - Polyphenolic components of green tea, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have potent anti-inflammatory properties. We previously showed that EGCG inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated activation of the nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB) pathway, partly through inhibition of IKB kinase (IKK). The NF-KB pathway may also be activated in response to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) stimulation through a distinct signal transduction pathway. We therefore hypothesized that EGCG inhibits IL-1β-mediated activation of the NF-KB pathway. Because the gene expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), the major human neutrophil chemoattractant, is dependent on activation of NF-KB, IL-8 gene expression in human lung epithelial (A549) cells treated with human IL-1β was used as a model of IL-1β signal transduction. The EGCG markedly inhibited IL-1β-mediated IL-1β receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) degradation and the signaling events downstream from IRAK degradation: IKK activation, IKBα degradation, and NF-KB activation. In addition, EGCG inhibited phosphorylation of the p65 subunit of NF-KB. The functional consequence of this inhibition was evident by inhibition of IL-8 gene expression. Therefore, the green tea polyphenol EGCG is a potent inhibitor of IL-1β signal transduction in vitro. The proximal mechanisms of this effect involve inhibition of IRAK-dependent signaling and phosphorylation of p65. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - LINOLEIC acid
KW  - INSULIN
KW  - GENES
KW  - TUMOR necrosis factor
KW  - ADIPOSE tissues
KW  - chemokines
KW  - inflammation
KW  - polyphenols
KW  - signal transduction
KW  - transcription factors
N1  - Accession Number: 13228391; Yanxin Wang 1; Voy, Brynn Jones 2; Urs, Sumithra 1; Suyeon Kim 1; Soltani-Bejnood, Morvarid 1; Quiley, Neil 1; Young-Ran Heo 1; Standridge, Melissa 1; Andersen, Bret 1; Dhar, Madhu 2; Joshi, Rashika 1; Worthman, Patrick 1; Talor, James W. 3; Chun, Joseph 3; Leuze, Michael 4; Claycombe, Kate 5; Saxton, Arnold M. 6; Moustaid-Moussa, Naima 1; Email Address: moustaid@utk.edu; Source Information: May2004, Vol. 134 Issue 5, p1032; Subject: FATTY acids; Subject: LINOLEIC acid; Subject: INSULIN; Subject: GENES; Subject: TUMOR necrosis factor; Subject: ADIPOSE tissues; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemokines; Author-Supplied Keyword: inflammation; Author-Supplied Keyword: polyphenols; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal transduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcription factors; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pannell, Michael A.
AU  - Brandt, Michael T.
AU  - Boatright, Daniel T.
T1  - A Field Evaluation of the Predictive Value of a Hand-Held Drum Pressure Detection Device.
JO  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 1
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 323
SN  - 15459624
AB  - According to Environmental Protection Agency estimates, 20% of hazardous waste drums currently managed in the 6500 known, uncontrolled Superfund removal or remediation sites contain some degree of elevated internal pressurization. This estimate increases to 90% during the summer months, and, overall, up to 5% of the drums stored in active treatment, storage, and disposal facilities may be pressurized. The ability to identify pressurized drums in real-time would enhance worker health and safety, reduce the potential for environmental contamination, and minimize property damage. A prototype hand-held drum pressure detection device was field tested at an active Resource Conservation and Recovery Act mixed waste operation using acoustic resonance spectroscopy technology to identify pressurized drums. The waste operation used a drum venting system that measured the actual drum pressure of retrieved drums. Drum venting system data were analyzed to quantify the ability of the drum pressure detection device to correctly identify drums with elevated internal pressure. After 456 drums were measured, the dichotomous pressure data (pressurized vs. nonpressurized) were analyzed. The relationship between the drum venting system and drum pressure detection device pressure data was found to be statistically significant. With alpha and beta values of 0.05, the negative predictive value was 0.94, the positive predictive value was 0.47, the sensitivity was 0.82, and the specificity was 0.77. Although capable of identifying nonpressurized drums, this instrument may not be appropriate for general use. Study results and critical improvements necessary to improve the instrument's predictive value, specificity, and sensitivity are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HAZARDOUS wastes
KW  - UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL remediation
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - INDUSTRIAL hygiene
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - acoustic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - drum pressure prediction
KW  - drum pressurization
N1  - Accession Number: 13238940; Pannell, Michael A. 1; Email Address: mikep@lanl.gov; Brandt, Michael T. 1; Boatright, Daniel T. 2; Source Information: May2004, Vol. 1 Issue 5, p319; Subject: HAZARDOUS wastes; Subject: UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency; Subject: ENVIRONMENTAL remediation; Subject: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject: INDUSTRIAL hygiene; Subject: INDUSTRIAL safety; Geographic Terms: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: acoustic resonance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: drum pressure prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: drum pressurization; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geller, D. A.
AU  - Swift, G. W.
T1  - Thermoacoustic enrichment of the isotopes of neon.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 115
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2059
EP  - 2070
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The enrichment of the neon isotopes in a thermoacoustic device is demonstrated. Because the thermal diffusion ratio of neon is small, an apparatus longer than a wavelength was necessary in order to easily observe the separation. The device was modular and extensible, so that arbitrarily large separations could in principle be obtained. The acoustic duct was a series of multiple, identical quarter-wavelength modules with side-branch drivers. In this way, waveforms close to that of a traveling wave were maintained in the duct, despite the high acoustic attenuation caused by the duct's small diameter and large length. The concentrations of the isotopes were measured at one end of the duct using a quadrupole mass spectrometer. For the operating frequency of 227 Hz, the maximum separation gradient obtained was 0.43%/m, and mole fluxes at zero gradient as high as 3 nmol/s were observed. Effects of turbulence, though not observed, are also discussed, and the scaling properties of this method are compared with those of traditional mixture-separation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NEON
KW  - SOUND
KW  - WAVELENGTHS
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 20827414; Geller, D. A. 1; Swift, G. W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 115 Issue 5, p2059; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NEON; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: WAVELENGTHS; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1687831
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moré, Jorge J.
AU  - Munson, Todd S.
T1  - Computing mountain passes and transition states.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 100
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 182
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - The mountain-pass theorem guarantees the existence of a critical point on a path that connects two points separated by a sufficiently high barrier. We propose the elastic string algorithm for computing mountain passes in finite-dimensional problems and analyze the convergence properties and numerical performance of this algorithm for benchmark problems in chemistry and discretizations of infinite-dimensional variational problems. We show that any limit point of the elastic string algorithm is a path that crosses a critical point at which the Hessian matrix is not positive definite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - MOUNTAIN pass theorem
KW  - HESSIAN fly
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - CRITICAL point theory (Mathematical analysis)
N1  - Accession Number: 12735857; Moré, Jorge J. 1; Email Address: more@mcs.anl.gov; Munson, Todd S. 2; Email Address: tmunson@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2: Munson: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 100 Issue 1, p151; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: MOUNTAIN pass theorem; Subject Term: HESSIAN fly; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: CRITICAL point theory (Mathematical analysis); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; Number of Pages: 32p; Illustrations: 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-003-0489-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bult, Carol
AU  - Kibbe, Warren A.
AU  - Snoddy, Jay
AU  - Vitaterna, Marthe
AU  - Swanson, Doug
AU  - Pretel, Stephanie
AU  - Yanxia Li
AU  - Hohman, Moses M.
AU  - Rinchik, Eugene
AU  - Takahashi, Joe S.
AU  - Frankel, Wayne N.
AU  - Goldowitz, Dan
T1  - A genome end-game: understanding gene function in the nervous system.
JO  - Nature Neuroscience
JF  - Nature Neuroscience
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 484
EP  - 485
SN  - 10976256
AB  - Provides information for understanding gene function in the nervous system through online databases in the U.S. Mouse as the animal model to study brain function and behavior; Support of the National Institutes of Health for several mutagenesis centers; Use of common vocabulary of phenotypic classification terms to group mice into meaningful bins.
KW  - ONLINE databases
KW  - ELECTRONIC information resource searching
KW  - MICROBIAL genomes
KW  - ANIMAL models in research
KW  - RATS as laboratory animals
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - NATIONAL Institutes of Health (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 13009070; Bult, Carol 1; Kibbe, Warren A. 2; Snoddy, Jay 3; Vitaterna, Marthe 2; Swanson, Doug 4; Pretel, Stephanie 1; Yanxia Li 2; Hohman, Moses M. 2; Rinchik, Eugene 3; Takahashi, Joe S. 2; Frankel, Wayne N. 1; Goldowitz, Dan 4; Email Address: dgold@nb.utmem.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Neuroscience Mutagenesis Facility, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA; 2 : Center for Functional Genomics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA; 3 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; 4 : Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiolgy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 7 Issue 5, p484; Thesaurus Term: ONLINE databases; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC information resource searching; Subject Term: MICROBIAL genomes; Subject Term: ANIMAL models in research; Subject Term: RATS as laboratory animals; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nn0504-484
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott Collis, S.
AU  - Joslin, Ronald D.
AU  - Seifert, Avi
AU  - Theofilis, Vassilis
T1  - Issues in active flow control: theory, control, simulation, and experiment
JO  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
JF  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
J1  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
PY  - 2004/05//
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
EP  - 289
SN  - 03760421
AB  - The goal of this paper is to provide a perspective on the current status and future directions for active flow-control technology with particular emphasis on oscillatory control. This is not a comprehensive review of the literature; rather, certain issues that are often neglected in studies are highlighted showing their importance or impact on the reported observations and targeted outcomes. Feasible routes using flow instability as an efficiency enhancement tool are discussed as an emerging means to explain the physical phenomena of active flow-control and as a tool for control law design and development. Traditional and more recent theoretical approaches to control design are discussed and recommendations are made relevant to numerical complications on the route to design oscillatory flow-control systems. A generic flow control process is put forward and illustrated using experimental examples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Aerospace Sciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - OPERATIONS research
N1  - Accession Number: 14185947; Source Information: May2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4/5, p237; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 53p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1016/j.paerosci.2004.06.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14185947&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Greatest Hits Collection for Cleaner Production and Pollution Prevention: Burton Hamner, Hamner & Associates, Seattle, WA, USA, 2003
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 115
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 12741006; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Bldg. 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p115; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2003.09.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Research in Corporate Sustainability, The Evolving Theory and Practice of Organizations in the Natural Environment: Sanjay Sharma, Mark Stari (Eds.), Edward Elgar Publishers, Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA, 2003, 368 pages (hardback), ISBN 1-84064-906-2
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 117
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 12741007; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p117; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2003.09.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=12741007&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sodano, Henry A.
AU  - Inman, Daniel J.
AU  - Park, Gyuhae
T1  - A Review of Power Harvesting from Vibration using Piezoelectric Materials.
JO  - Shock & Vibration Digest
JF  - Shock & Vibration Digest
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 205
SN  - 05831024
AB  - The process of acquiring the energy surrounding a system and converting it into usable electrical energy is termed power harvesting. In the last few years, there has been a surge of research in the area of power harvesting. This increase in research has been brought on by the modern advances in wireless technology and low-power electronics such as microelectromechanical systems. The advances have allowed numerous doors to open for power harvesting systems in practical real-world applications. The use of piezoelectric materials to capitalize on the ambient vibrations surrounding a system is one method that has seen a dramatic rise in use for power harvesting. Piezoelectric materials have a crystalline structure that provides them with the ability to transform mechanical strain energy into electrical charge and, vice versa, to convert an applied electrical potential into mechanical strain. This property provides these materials with the ability to absorb mechanical energy from their surroundings, usually ambient vibration, and transform it into electrical energy that can be used to power other devices. While piezoelectric materials are the major method of harvesting energy, other methods do exist; for example, one of the conventional methods is the use of electromagnetic devices. In this paper we discuss the research that has been performed in the area of power harvesting and the future goals that must be achieved for power harvesting systems to find their way into everyday use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Shock & Vibration Digest is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC devices
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC devices
KW  - POWER electronics
KW  - energy generation
KW  - energy scavenging
KW  - piezoelectric
KW  - power harvesting
N1  - Accession Number: 13964725; Sodano, Henry A. 1; Inman, Daniel J. 1; Park, Gyuhae 2; Affiliations: 1: Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.; 2: Engineering Sciences and Applications, Weapon Response Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p197; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC devices; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy scavenging; Author-Supplied Keyword: piezoelectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: power harvesting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0583102404043275
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gould, Nicholas I. M.
AU  - Leyffer, Sven
AU  - Toint, Philippe L.
T1  - A MULTIDIMENSIONAL FILTER ALGORITHM FOR NONLINEAR EQUATIONS AND NONLINEAR LEAST-SQUARES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
JF  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 38
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10526234
AB  - We introduce a new algorithm for the solution of systems of nonlinear equations and nonlinear least-squares problems that attempts to combine the efficiency of filter techniques and the robustness of trust-region methods. The algorithm is shown, under reasonable assumptions, to globally converge to zeros of the system, or to first-order stationary points of the Euclidean norm of its residual. Preliminary numerical experience is presented that shows substantial gains in efficiency over the traditional monotone trust-region approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Optimization is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NONLINEAR evolution equations
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - MAXIMAL subgroups
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - filter methods
KW  - nonlinear equations
KW  - nonlinear fitting
KW  - nonlinear least-squares
KW  - trust-region algorithms
N1  - Accession Number: 15154877; Gould, Nicholas I. M. 1; Email Address: n.gould@rl.ac.uk; Leyffer, Sven 2; Email Address: leyffer@mcs.anl.gov; Toint, Philippe L. 3; Email Address: philippe.toint@fundp.ac.be; Affiliations: 1: Computational Science and Engineering Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, England; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; 3: Department of Mathematics, University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p17; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR evolution equations; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: MAXIMAL subgroups; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: filter methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear fitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: trust-region algorithms; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1052623403422637
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lezama-Pacheco, J.
AU  - Mustre de León, J.
AU  - Espinosa, F.J.
AU  - Rábago, F.
AU  - Conradson, S.
T1  - Local atomic structure around iodine in ZnSe:I
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We determined the local atomic structure around iodine dopant atoms in single-crystal samples of ZnSe:I by means of X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). X-ray diffraction studies show that the introduction of iodine at these concentrations (0.08 at%), produces no other phases and that the average crystalline structure remains the same as that of pure ZnSe. XAFS results show that the iodine enters into the ZnSe lattice substituting Se. An increase in the I–Zn distance was observed compared to the Se–Zn distance in undoped ZnSe, while the second-neighbor distance was the same as that found in undoped ZnSe. These results contrast with those found in other doped semiconductors such as CdTe:In, CdTe:Cu, and noteworthy ZnSe:Cl. In those cases, at this dopant levels the local structure around the dopant atoms shows a significant lattice distortion, signaled by two different bond lengths to the nearest-neighbor atoms, suggesting the formation of a dopant–cation vacancy complex defect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zinc compounds
KW  - Zinc selenide
KW  - Atomic structure
KW  - Doped semiconductors
KW  - II–VI-doped semiconductors
KW  - Local atomic structure
KW  - XAFS
KW  - ZnSe
N1  - Accession Number: 12838360; Lezama-Pacheco, J. 1; Mustre de León, J. 1; Email Address: mustre@mail.cinvestav.mx; Espinosa, F.J. 2; Rábago, F. 3; Conradson, S. 4; Affiliations: 1 : Departamento de Física Aplicada, CINVESTAV-Mérida, Mérida, Yucatan 97310, Mexico; 2 : Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatan 97300, Mexico; 3 : Instituto de Física, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, 78240 SLP, Mexico; 4 : Structure and Properties Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 82 Issue 1/2, p151; Thesaurus Term: Zinc compounds; Subject Term: Zinc selenide; Subject Term: Atomic structure; Subject Term: Doped semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: II–VI-doped semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local atomic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnSe; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hermann, A.M.
AU  - Madan, Arun
AU  - Wanlass, M.W.
AU  - Badri, V.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R.
AU  - Morrison, Scott
AU  - Gonzalez, Carlos
T1  - MOCVD growth and properties of Zn3P2 and Cd3P2 films for thermal photovoltaic applications
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We report the growth and characterization (structural and electronic) of thin films of Zn3P2 and Cd3P2 grown by MOCVD. Heterojunctions of this pair of dopable semiconductors are being studied for applications as thermophotovoltaic devices. We have grown films of these materials on glass substrates, and X-ray diffaction studies confirm the phase formation and polycrystalline nature of the films. Optical absorption studies revealed three distinct transitions in the Zn3P2 films, at 1.3, 1.55, and 1.85 eV (in agreement with literature values found in single crystals). Analysis of optical spectra of the films showed direct transitions at 0.62, 0.65, and 0.71 eV. We also report measurements of photoconductivity and photoluminescence in these films. Hall effect measurements show the Cd3P2 films to be n-type with mobilities as high as 429 cm2/V s. Carrier lifetimes were also measured directly by a photoconductive decay technique. The films show promise for TPV devices, although fabrication of such multilayer devices is in only a preliminary stage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Metal organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - Heterojunctions
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Photovoltaic effect
KW  - Absorption studies
KW  - Heterojunction
KW  - MOCVD
N1  - Accession Number: 12838368; Hermann, A.M. 1; Email Address: allen.hermann@colorado.edu; Madan, Arun 2; Wanlass, M.W. 3; Badri, V. 2; Ahrenkiel, R. 3; Morrison, Scott 2; Gonzalez, Carlos 1; Affiliations: 1 : University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA; 2 : MVSystems Inc., Golden, CO, USA; 3 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 82 Issue 1/2, p241; Subject Term: Metal organic chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: Heterojunctions; Subject Term: Thin films; Subject Term: Photovoltaic effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterojunction; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOCVD; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reese, C. Shane
AU  - Wilson, Alyson G.
AU  - Hamada, Michael
AU  - Martz, Harry F.
AU  - Ryan, Kenneth J.
T1  - Integrated Analysis of Computer and Physical Experiments.
JO  - Technometrics
JF  - Technometrics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 164
SN  - 00401706
AB  - Scientific investigations frequently involve data from computer experiment(s) as well as related physical experimental data on the same factors and related response variable(s). There may also be one or more expert opinions regarding the response of interest. Traditional statistical approaches consider each of these datasets separately with corresponding separate analyses and fitted statistical models. A compelling argument can be made that better, more precise statistical models can be obtained if the combined data are analyzed simultaneously using a hierarchical Bayesian integrated modeling approach. However, such an integrated approach must recognize important differences, such as possible biases, in these experiments and expert opinions. We illustrate our proposed integrated methodology by using it to model the thermodynamic operation point of a top-spray fluidized bed microencapsulation processing unit. Such units are used in the food industry to tune the effect of functional ingredients and additives. An important thermodynamic response variable of interest, Y, is the steady-state outlet air temperature. In addition to a set of physical experimental observations involving six factors used to predict Y, similar results from three different computer models are also available. The integrated data from the physical experiment and the three computer models are used to fit an appropriate response surface (regression) model for predicting Y. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Technometrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Bayesian hierarchical models
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Regression
N1  - Accession Number: 12907506; Reese, C. Shane 1; Email Address: reese@stat.byu.edu; Wilson, Alyson G. 2; Hamada, Michael 2; Martz, Harry F. 2; Ryan, Kenneth J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602; 2: Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; 3: Department of Statistics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60208; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p153; Thesaurus Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian hierarchical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regression; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 9 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1198/004017004000000211
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burr, Thomas L.
T1  - Bayesian Inference: Parameter Estimation and Decisions (Book).
JO  - Technometrics
JF  - Technometrics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 250
EP  - 251
SN  - 00401706
AB  - Reviews the book "Bayesian Inference: Parameter Estimation and Decisions," by H. L. Harney.
KW  - BAYESIAN field theory
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HARNEY, H. L.
KW  - BAYESIAN Inference (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12908296; Burr, Thomas L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p250; Subject Term: BAYESIAN field theory; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: BAYESIAN Inference (Book); People: HARNEY, H. L.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grant, Delores J.
AU  - Hall, Ingrid J.
AU  - Eastmond, David A.
AU  - Jones, Irene M.
AU  - Bell, Douglas A.
T1  - Bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene promoter polymorphisms and HPRT, glycophorin A, and micronuclei mutant frequencies in human blood
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/05/09/
VL  - 560
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13835718
AB  - A dinucleotide repeat polymorphism (5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-TA units) has been identified within the promoter region of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene. The 7-TA repeat allele has been associated with elevated serum bilirubin levels that cause a mild hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert’s syndrome). Studies suggest that promoter transcriptional activity of UGT1A1 is inversely related to the number of TA repeats, and that unconjugated bilirubin concentration increases directly with the number of TA repeat elements. Because bilirubin is a known antioxidant, we hypothesized that UGT1A1 repeats associated with higher bilirubin may be protective against oxidative damage. We examined the effect of UGT1A1 genotype on somatic mutant frequency in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase (HPRT) gene in human lymphocytes and the glycophorin A (GPA) gene of red blood cells (both N0, NN mutants), and the frequency of lymphocyte micronuclei (both kinetochore (K)-positive or micronuclei K-negative) in 101 healthy smoking and nonsmoking individuals. As hypothesized, genotypes containing 7- and 8-TA displayed marginally lower GPA_NN mutant frequency relative to 5/5, 5/6, 6/6 genotypes (<F>P<0.05</F>). In contrast, our analysis showed that lower expressing UGT1A1 alleles (7- and 8-TA) were associated with modestly increased HPRT mutation frequency (<F>P<0.05</F>), while the same low-expression genotypes were not significantly associated with micronuclei frequencies (K-positive or K-negative) when compared to high-expression genotypes (5- and 6-TA). We found weak evidence that UGT1A1 genotypes containing 7- and 8-TA were associated with increased GPA_NØ mutant frequency relative to 5/5, 5/6, 6/6 genotypes (<F>P<0.05</F>). These data suggest that UGT1A1 genotype may modulate somatic mutation of some types, in some cell lineages, by a mechanism not involving bilirubin antioxidant activity. More detailed studies examining UGT1A1 promoter variation, oxidant/antioxidant balance and genetic damage will be needed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Blood
KW  - Glucuronosyltransferase
KW  - Genes
KW  - Bilirubin
KW  - Genotypes
KW  - Glycophorin A
KW  - HPRT
KW  - Micronuclei
KW  - Repeat polymorphisms
KW  - Somatic mutation
KW  - UGT1A1
N1  - Accession Number: 12839626; Grant, Delores J. 1,2; Hall, Ingrid J. 3; Eastmond, David A. 4; Jones, Irene M. 5; Bell, Douglas A. 1; Email Address: bell1@niehs.nih.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Genomics Section, Laboratory of Computational Biology and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), C3-03, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; 2 : Cancer Research Program, JLC-Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA; 3 : Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, GA, USA; 4 : Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program UC-Riverside, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA; 5 : Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 560 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: Blood; Subject Term: Glucuronosyltransferase; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Bilirubin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genotypes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycophorin A; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPRT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micronuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repeat polymorphisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Somatic mutation; Author-Supplied Keyword: UGT1A1; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.01.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=12839626&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eubank, Stephen
AU  - Guclu, Hasan
AU  - Kumar, V. S. Anil
AU  - Marathe, Madhav V.
AU  - Srinivasan, Aravind
AU  - Toroczkai, Zoltén
AU  - Nan Wang
T1  - Modelling disease outbreaks in realistic urban social networks.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/05/13/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6988
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
EP  - 184
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Most mathematical models for the spread of disease use differential equations based on uniform mixing assumptions or ad hoc models for the contact process. Here we explore the use of dynamic bipartite graphs to model the physical contact patterns that result from movements of individuals between specific locations. The graphs are generated by large-scale individual-based urban traffic simulations built on actual census, land-use and population-mobility data. We find that the contact network among people is a strongly connected small-world-like graph with a well-defined scale for the degree distribution. However, the locations graph is scale-free, which allows highly efficient outbreak detection by placing sensors in the hubs of the locations network. Within this large-scale simulation framework, we then analyse the relative merits of several proposed mitigation strategies for smallpox spread. Our results suggest that outbreaks can be contained by a strategy of targeted vaccination combined with early detection without resorting to mass vaccination of a population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - BIPARTITE graphs
KW  - SMALLPOX
KW  - IMMUNIZATION
KW  - VACCINATION
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13079958; Eubank, Stephen 1; Email Address: eubank@lanl.gov; Guclu, Hasan 2; Kumar, V. S. Anil 1; Marathe, Madhav V. 1; Srinivasan, Aravind 3; Toroczkai, Zoltén 4; Nan Wang 5; Source Information: 5/13/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6988, p180; Subject: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject: BIPARTITE graphs; Subject: SMALLPOX; Subject: IMMUNIZATION; Subject: VACCINATION; Subject: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02541
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - McGraw, Robert
AU  - Gao, R. S.
AU  - Fahey, D. W.
AU  - Toon, O. B.
AU  - Kärcher, B.
T1  - Humidity, Ice, and Nitric Acid.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/05/14/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5673
M3  - Letter
SP  - 961
EP  - 963
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor and its response regarding effect of nitric acid on humidity in low-temperature clouds.
KW  - HUMIDITY
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 13222903; McGraw, Robert 1; Email Address: rlm@bnl.gov; Gao, R. S. 2; Email Address: rgao@al.noaa.gov; Fahey, D. W. 2,3; Toon, O. B. 4; Kärcher, B. 5; Source Information: 5/14/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5673, p961; Subject: HUMIDITY; Subject: LETTERS to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Revzan, Kenneth L.
AU  - Hotchi, Toshifumi
AU  - Hodgson, Alfred T.
AU  - Brown, Nancy J.
T1  - Sorption of organic gases in a furnished room
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2483
SN  - 13522310
AB  - We present experimental data and semi-empirical models describing the sorption of organic gases in a simulated indoor residential environment. Two replicate experiments were conducted with 20 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a 50-m3 room finished with painted wallboard, carpet and cushion, draperies and furnishings. The VOCs span a wide volatility range and include ten hazardous air pollutants. VOCs were introduced to the static chamber as a pulse and their gas-phase concentrations were measured during a net adsorption period and a subsequent net desorption period. Three sorption models were fit to the measured concentrations for each compound to determine the simplest formulation needed to adequately describe the observed behavior. Sorption parameter values were determined by fitting the models to adsorption period data then checked by comparing measured and predicted behavior during desorption. The adequacy of each model was evaluated using a goodness of fit parameter calculated for each period.Results indicate that sorption usually does not greatly affect indoor concentrations of methyl-tert-butyl ether, 2-butanone, isoprene and benzene. In contrast, sorption appears to be a relevant indoor process for many of the VOCs studied, including C8–C10 aromatic hydrocarbons (HC), terpenes, and pyridine. These compounds sorbed at rates close to typical residential air change rates and exhibited substantial sorptive partitioning at equilibrium. Polycyclic aromatic HCs, aromatic alcohols, ethenylpyridine and nicotine initially adsorbed to surfaces at rates of 1.5–>6 h−1 and partitioned 95–>99% in the sorbed phase at equilibrium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Cigarette smokers
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Terpenes
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Desorption
KW  - Hazardous air pollutants
KW  - Indoor air quality
KW  - Residential
KW  - Tobacco smoke tracers
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 12816092; Singer, Brett C.; Email Address: bcsinger@lbl.gov; Revzan, Kenneth L. 1; Hotchi, Toshifumi 1; Hodgson, Alfred T. 1; Brown, Nancy J. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Atmospheric Sciences, Indoor Environment Departments, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: May2004, Vol. 38 Issue 16, p2483; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Cigarette smokers; Thesaurus Term: Indoor air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Terpenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous air pollutants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tobacco smoke tracers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile organic compounds; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.02.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarret, Géraldine
AU  - Balesdent, Jérome
AU  - Bouziri, Lamia
AU  - Garnier, Jean-Marie
AU  - Marcus, Matthew A.
AU  - Geoffroy, Nicolas
AU  - Panfili, Frédéric
AU  - Alain Manceau
T1  - Zn Speciation in the Organic Horizon of a Contaminated Soil by Micro-X-ray Fluorescence, Micro-and Powder-EXAFS Spectroscopy, and Isotopic Dilution.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2792
EP  - 2801
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Soils that have been acutely contaminated by heavy metals show distinct characteristics, such as colonization by metal-tolerant plant species and topsoil enrichment in weakly degraded plant debris, because biodegradation processes are strongly inhibited by contamination. Such an organic topsoil, located downwind of an active zinc smelter and extremely rich in Zn (∼2%, dry weight), was investigated by X-ray diffraction, synchrotron-based X-ray microfluorescence, and powder- and micro-extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy for Zn speciation and by isotopic dilution for Zn lability. EXAFS spectra recorded on size fractions and on selected spots of thin sections were analyzed by principal component analysis and linear combination fits. Although Zn primary minerals (franklinite, sphalerite, and willemite) are still present (∼15% of total Zn) in the bulk soil, Zn was found to be predominantly speciated as Zn-organic matter complexes (∼45%), outer-sphere complexes (∼20%), Zn-sorbed phosphate (∼10%), and Zn-sorbed iron oxyhydroxides (∼10%). The bioaccumulated Zn fraction is likely complexed to soil organic matter after the plants' death. The proportion of labile Zn ranges from 54 to 92%, depending on the soil fraction, in agreement with the high proportion of organically bound Zn. Oespite its marked lability, Zn seems to be retained in the topsoil thanks to the huge content of organic matter, which confersto this horizon a high sorption capacity. The speciation of Zn in this organic soil horizon is compared with that found in other types of soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PLANT species
KW  - CLASSIFICATION of plants
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
N1  - Accession Number: 13371739; Sarret, Géraldine 1; Email Address: gsarret@ujf-grenoble.fr; Balesdent, Jérome 2; Bouziri, Lamia 2; Garnier, Jean-Marie 3; Marcus, Matthew A. 4; Geoffroy, Nicolas 1; Panfili, Frédéric 1; Alain Manceau 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Geochemistry Group, LGIT University of Grenoble and CNRS, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France.; 2: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne de la Rhizosphere, UMR CNRS/CEA, no. 163 CEA DEVM Centre de Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul lez Durance, Cedex, France.; 3: Universite Aix Marseille 3, CNRS, CEREGE, 13545 Aix en Provence, France.; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, MS 6-2100, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p2792; Subject Term: BIODEGRADATION; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PLANT species; Subject Term: CLASSIFICATION of plants; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Catalano, Jeffrey G.
AU  - Heald, Steven M.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Brown, Gordon E.
T1  - Spectroscopic and Diffraction Study of Uranium Speciation in Contaminated Vadose Zone Sediments from the Hanford Site, Washington State.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2822
EP  - 2828
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Contamination of vadose zone sediments under tank BX-102 at the Hanford site, Washington, resulted from the accidental release of 1-8 metric tons of uranium dissolved in caustic aqueous sludge in 1951. We have applied synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopic and diffraction techniques to characterize the speciation of uranium in samples of these contaminated sediments. U LIII-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopic studies demonstrate that uranium occurs predominantly as a uranium-(VI) silicate from the uranophane group of minerals. XAFS cannot distinguish between the members of this mineral group due to the near identical local coordination environments of uranium in these phases. However, these phases differ crystallographically, and can be distinguished using X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. As the concentration of uranium was too low for conventional XRD to detect these phases, X-ray microdiffraction (μXRD) was used to collect diffraction patterns on ∼20 μm diameter areas of localized high uranium concentration found using microscanning X-ray fluorescence (μSXRF). Only sodium boltwoodite, Na(UO2)(SiO3OH)-1.5H2O, was observed; no other uranophane group minerals were present Sodium boltwoodite formation has effectively sequestered uranium in these sediments under the current geochemical and hydrologic conditions. Attempts to remediate the uranium contamination will likely face significant difficulties because of the speciation and distribution of uranium in the sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - HYDROLOGY
KW  - ANALYTICAL geochemistry
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
N1  - Accession Number: 13371742; Catalano, Jeffrey G. 1; Email Address: catalano@pangea.stanford.edu; Heald, Steven M. 2; Zachara, John M. 3; Brown, Gordon E.; Affiliations: 1: Surface and Aqueous Geochemistry Group, Department Of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2115.; 2: PNC-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; 3: Environmental Dynamics & Simulation, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-96, Richland, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p2822; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: HYDROLOGY; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL geochemistry; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaric, Sasa
AU  - Ostojic, Gordana N.
AU  - Kono, Junichiro
AU  - Shaver, Jonah
AU  - Moore, Valerie C.
AU  - Strano, Michael S.
AU  - Hauge, Robert H.
AU  - Smalley, Richard E.
AU  - Wei, Xing
T1  - Optical Signatures of the Aharonov-Bohm Phase inSingle-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5674
M3  - Article
SP  - 1129
EP  - 1131
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report interband magneto-optical spectra for single-walled carbon nanotubes in high magnetic fields up to 45 tesla, confirming theoretical predictions that the band structure of a single-walled carbon nanotube is dependent on the magnetic flux Φ threading the tube. We have observed field-induced optical anisotropy as well as red shifts and splittings of absorption and photoluminescence peaks. The amounts of shifts and splittings depend on the value of Φ/Φ[sub0] and are quantitatively consistent with theories based on the Aharonov-Bohm effect These results represent evidence of the influence of the Aharonov-Bohm phase on the band gap of a solid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON -- Spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - OPTICAL spectrometers
KW  - NANOTUBES
N1  - Accession Number: 13268371; Zaric, Sasa 1,2,3; Ostojic, Gordana N. 2,3,4; Kono, Junichiro 2,3,4; Email Address: kono@rice.edu.; Shaver, Jonah 1,2,3,5; Moore, Valerie C. 2,3,5,6; Strano, Michael S. 2,3,5,6; Hauge, Robert H. 2,3,5,6; Smalley, Richard E. 1,2,3,5,6; Wei, Xing 7; Source Information: 5/21/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5674, p1129; Subject: CARBON -- Spectra; Subject: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject: OPTICAL spectrometers; Subject: NANOTUBES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2307
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stutz, Roger A.
T1  - Factors Affecting Design-Build for Laboratory Projects.
JO  - AACE International Transactions
JF  - AACE International Transactions
Y1  - 2004/06//
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
PB  - AACE International
SN  - 15287106
AB  - Discusses the factors affecting the design-build delivery method in the construction of the Nonproliferation and International Security Center. Policies and procedures of the U.S. Energy Department related to the authorization and construction of projects; Forms of the design-build team structure; Single point responsibility, improved risk management, and faster delivery facility.
KW  - PROJECT management
KW  - INDUSTRIAL costs
KW  - COST
KW  - CONSTRUCTION industry
KW  - ENGINEERING economy
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14705549; Stutz, Roger A. 1; Email Address: rstutz@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory PO Box 1663 MS-F650 Los Alarnos, NM 87544; Issue Info: 2004, preceding p1; Thesaurus Term: PROJECT management; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL costs; Thesaurus Term: COST; Thesaurus Term: CONSTRUCTION industry; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERING economy; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236110 Residential building construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541611 Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541619 Other management consulting services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wageman, Steven W.
T1  - Risk Management on Research and Development Projects.
JO  - AACE International Transactions
JF  - AACE International Transactions
Y1  - 2004/06//
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
PB  - AACE International
SN  - 15287106
AB  - Examines research and development risk management using the initially sequential but ultimately reiterative processes of planning, identification, categorization, analysis, prioritization, response development, monitoring and control. Definition of research and development; Risk management cycle on research and development projects; Mathematical definition of risk.
KW  - RISK management in business
KW  - RESEARCH & development
KW  - INDUSTRIAL costs
KW  - PROJECT management
KW  - ENGINEERING economy
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14706610; Wageman, Steven W. 1; Email Address: swageman@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Project Management Systems Analyst Los Alamos National Laboratory PO Box 1663, Mailstop T086 Los Alamos, NM 87545; Issue Info: 2004, preceding p1; Thesaurus Term: RISK management in business; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH & development; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL costs; Thesaurus Term: PROJECT management; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERING economy; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541611 Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541619 Other management consulting services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lau, Stephen
T1  - The Spinning Cube of Potential Doom.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 26
PB  - Association for Computing Machinery
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article throws light on computer security. An image of a lone attacker trying to hack into someone else's computer has been replaced by one of waves of attacks with media-friendly names. These media darlings hide a disturbing aspect of today's Internet. Practically all systems attached to the Internet are constantly being scanned for vulnerabilities, while the number of attacks keeps increasing. Most of these consist of vulnerability scans-- the network equivalent of car thieves walking through a parking lot searching for unlocked cars. But unlike the Hollywood image of a loner launching directed attacks, many of these attempts are automated, not targeting any particular system. It's not a new phenomenon either. As the Internet has evolved, so has the volume and sophistication of its malicious traffic. Most of these scans are reconnaissance for subsequent directed attacks. Others automatically attempt to exploit a system once they discover a potential vulnerability. Practically every computer linked to the Internet is constantly being scanned for security vulnerabilities and targeted for attack by viruses, worms, and worse.
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - DATA protection
KW  - COMPUTER hackers
KW  - COMPUTER viruses
KW  - INTERNET
N1  - Accession Number: 13565581; Lau, Stephen 1; Email Address: slau@lhl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Computer Security analyst, National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, lawrence Berkeley National laboratories in Berkeley.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p25; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: DATA protection; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER hackers; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER viruses; Thesaurus Term: INTERNET; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Illustration, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/990680.990699
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berghel, Hal
AU  - Sallach, David L.
T1  - A Paradigm Shift in Computing and IT Education.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 88
PB  - Association for Computing Machinery
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article discusses the transformation in IT education made by the organization of computing and information technology (CIT). Issues of greatest interest to CIT professionals are: reasons underlying the trend; possible changes, accompanying the shift, in how CIT will he organized and administered in the future; and whether the objectives of academic units that are thus reorganizing themselves are being realized. This article draws upon survey data to provide an early view of what the evolving profession is trying to accomplish, and the extent to which it is succeeding. The first set of questions concerned the scale CIT unit operations. Their operating budgets range from a few hundred thousand dollars to over $75 million; their external finding ranges from none to $58 million; they have between 8,500 and 250,000 square feet of space. Another sense of scale is provided by the number of majors the colleges offer, and the number of credit hours the programs produce. The number of majors ranges from five to 4,200; the number of credit hours generated ranges from 140 to 55,435. Studies indicate that CIT schools are more prevalent than colleges.
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - TECHNICAL education
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - STUDY & teaching (Secondary)
KW  - STUDY & teaching
N1  - Accession Number: 13565556; Berghel, Hal 1,2; Sallach, David L. 3; Email Address: sallach@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Professor and Director of the School of Computer Science; 2: Director, Center for Cybermedia Research, University of Nevada, Las Vegas.; 3: Associate Director, Center for Complex Adaptive Agent Systems Simulation (CAS2), Argonne National Laboratory in Argonne, IL.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p83; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION technology; Thesaurus Term: TECHNICAL education; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION science; Subject Term: STUDY & teaching (Secondary); Subject Term: STUDY & teaching; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/990680.990685
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, Eugene
T1  - Intrusion prevention.
JO  - Computers & Security
JF  - Computers & Security
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
EP  - 266
SN  - 01674048
AB  - This article shares the author's thought about intrusion prevention. The author notes that many if not most current intrusion prevention systems (IPS) capitalize upon the capability of detecting new input patterns and their effects on systems and then distributing what they have learned with many other machines. Additionally, many types of IPS potentially avoid the weaknesses of signature-based intrusion detection systems, the latter of which are initially oblivious to "zero day" attacks.
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - DATA protection
KW  - COMPUTER network security
KW  - DATABASE security
N1  - Accession Number: 13873904; Schultz, Eugene 1; Email Address: eeugeneschultz2@aol.com; Affiliations: 1: Principal Computer Engineer, University of California-Berkeley Lab; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p265; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: SECURITY systems; Thesaurus Term: DATA protection; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER network security; Thesaurus Term: DATABASE security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cose.2004.04.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Dale, Virginia
AU  - Bartell, Steve
AU  - Brothers, Robin
AU  - Sorensen, John
T1  - Systems Approach to Environmental Security.
JO  - EcoHealth
JF  - EcoHealth
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 119
EP  - 123
SN  - 16129202
AB  - Focuses on a systems approach to environmental security in the U.S. Budget for environmental security requested by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Need of the country to invest in counterterrorism strategies; Impact of environmental strategy on environmental conditions.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Security management
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Dept. of Homeland Security
N1  - Accession Number: 14708322; Dale, Virginia 1; Email Address: dalevh@ornl.gov; Bartell, Steve 2; Brothers, Robin 1; Sorensen, John 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, P.O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 2 : The Cadmus Group, Inc., Maryville, TN 37801;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 1 Issue 2, p119; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Security management; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1007/s10393-004-0082-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenberg, Norman
T1  - CLIMATE AFFAIRS: A PRIMER (Book).
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
J1  - Environment
PY  - 2004/06//
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 46
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 40
EP  - 41
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - Reviews the book "Climate Affairs: A Primer," by Michael H. Glantz.
KW  - CLIMATE Affairs: A Primer (Book)
KW  - GLANTZ, Michael H.
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - NONFICTION
N1  - Accession Number: 13270046; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 46 Issue 5, p40; Subject Term: CLIMATE Affairs: A Primer (Book); Subject Term: GLANTZ, Michael H.; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Document Type: Book Review; ; Full Text Word Count: 322; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, George R.
AU  - Peterson, Mark J.
AU  - Bogle, Mary Anna
T1  - Bioaccumulation Factors for Mercury in Stream Fish.
JO  - Environmental Practice
JF  - Environmental Practice
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 143
SN  - 14660474
AB  - The bioaccumulation of methylmercury in fish is a complex process affected by many site-specific environmental factors. The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) recently recommended changing the basis for expressing the ambient water quality criterion for mercury from an aqueous concentration to a measure of the methylmercury concentration in fish. This change would make the regulation of mercury in surface waters a site-specific exercise in which fish-based bioaccumulation factors (BAF; the ratio of mercury concentration in fish to the concentration of mercury in water) are used to calculate aqueous concentration limits for total mercury. These limits would then be used to allocate mercury loading among various point and nonpoint sources and guide regulatory actions. In order for this approach to succeed, it is critical that the sitespecific BAFs and methylmercury:total mercury conversion factors be independent of aqueous total mercury concentration (HgT). We investigated this relationship by measuring aqueous methylmercury and HgTs and mercury in fish in ecologically similar warm-water streams in the southeastern United States. Bioaccumulation factors based on HgT in water were found to decrease with increasing HgT, primarily as a consequence of the reduction in the ratio of aqueous methylmercury to total mercury with increasing HgT. Methylmercury-based BAFs did not vary as a function of HgT. The implication of this relationship is that site-specific determination of aqueous HgT limits at contaminated sites may use BAFs that would be underestimates of the appropriate BAFs to describe mercury bioaccumulation in the system after mercury inputs have been reduced. In such cases, regulatory limits set using site-specific BAFs might not achieve their intended purpose of reducing mercury contamination in fish to acceptable concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Practice is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Methylmercury
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Water quality
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13874566; Southworth, George R. 1; Email Address: southworthgr@ornl.gov; Peterson, Mark J. 1; Bogle, Mary Anna 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p135; Thesaurus Term: Methylmercury; Thesaurus Term: Bioaccumulation; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burger, Joanna
AU  - Myers, O.
AU  - Boring, C.S.
AU  - Dixon, C.
AU  - Lord, C.
AU  - Ramos, R.
AU  - Shukla, S.
AU  - Gochfeld, Michael
T1  - Perceptions of general environmental problems, willingness to expend federal funds on these problems, and concerns regarding the Los Alamos national laboratory: Hispanics are more concerned than Whites
JO  - Environmental Research
JF  - Environmental Research
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
EP  - 183
SN  - 00139351
AB  - Perceptions about general environmental problems, governmental spending for these problems, and major concerns about the US Department of Energy''s Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) were examined by interviewing 356 people attending a gun show in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The hypothesis that there are differences in these three areas as a function of ethnicity was examined. We predicted that if differences existed, they would exist for all three evaluations (general environmental problems, government spending, and environmental concerns about LANL). However, this was not the case; there were fewer ethnic differences concerning LANL. Hispanics rated most general environmental problems higher than Whites and rated their willingness to expend federal funds higher than Whites, although all groups gave a lower score on willingness than on concern. Further, the congruence between these two types of ratings was higher for Hispanics than for others. In general, the concerns expressed by subjects about LANL showed few ethnic differences, and everyone was most concerned about contamination. These data indicate that Hispanics attending a gun show are equally or more concerned than others about environmental problems generally but are not more concerned about LANL. The data can be useful for developing future research and stewardship plans and for understanding general environmental problems and their relationship to concerns about LANL. More generally, they indicate that the attitudes and perceptions of Hispanics deserve increased study in a general population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Research is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Group identity
KW  - Multiculturalism
KW  - United States
KW  - Environmental concerns
KW  - Environmental sensitivity
KW  - Ethnicity
KW  - Hispanic
KW  - Risk perceptions
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 13105828; Burger, Joanna 1,2; Email Address: burger@biology.rutgers.edu; Myers, O. 3; Boring, C.S. 1,2; Dixon, C. 1,2; Lord, C. 1,2; Ramos, R. 1,2; Shukla, S. 1,2; Gochfeld, Michael 2,4; Affiliations: 1 : Division of Life Sciences, Nelson Biological Laboratory, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, St. Nelson Hall, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082, USA; 2 : Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; 3 : Environmental Science Group, MS J495, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 4 : Environmental and Community Medicine, UMDNJ–Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p174; Subject Term: Group identity; Subject Term: Multiculturalism; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental concerns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethnicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hispanic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk perceptions; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.envres.2003.12.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neal, Andrew L.
AU  - Amonette, James E.
AU  - Peyton, Brent M.
AU  - Geesey, Gill G.
T1  - Uranium Complexes Formed at Hematite Surfaces Colonized by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3019
EP  - 3027
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Modeling uranium (U)transport in subsurface environments requires a thorough knowledge of mechanisms likely to restrict its mobility, such as surface complexation, precipitation, and colloid formation. In closed systems, sulfate- reducing bacteria (SRB) such as Desulfovibrio spp. demonstrably affect U immobilization by enzymatic reduction of U(VI) species (primarily the uranyl ion, UO22+ and its complexes) to U(IV). However, our understanding of such interactions under chronic U(VI) exposure in dynamic systems is limited. As a first step to understanding such interactions, we performed bioreactor experiments under continuous flow to study the effect of a biofilm of the sulfate- reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans attached to specular hematite (α-Fe2O2) surfaces on surface-associated U(VI) complexation,transformation, and mobility. Employing real-time microscopic observation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), we show that the characteristics of the U(VI) complex(es) formed at the hematite surface are influenced by the composition of the bulk aqueous phase flowing across the surface and by the presence of surface- associated SRB. The XPS data further suggest higher levels of U associated with hematite surfaces colonized by SRB than with bacteria-free surfaces. Microscopic observations indicate that at least a portion of the U(VI) that accumulates in the presence of the SRB is exterior to the cells, possibly associated with the extracellular biofilm matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - HEMATITE
KW  - IRON ores
KW  - DESULFOVIBRIO
KW  - ANAEROBIC bacteria
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13512695; Neal, Andrew L. 1,2; Amonette, James E. 3; Peyton, Brent M. 4; Geesey, Gill G. 1,2; Email Address: gill_g@erc.montana.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Microboliology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717-3520.; 2: Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717-3980.; 3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Notional Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; 4: Center for Multiphase Environmental Research, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3019; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: HEMATITE; Subject Term: IRON ores; Subject Term: DESULFOVIBRIO; Subject Term: ANAEROBIC bacteria; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es030648m
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
AU  - Pena, Jasquelin
AU  - Sutton, Stephen R.
AU  - Newville, Matthew
T1  - Hexavalent Uranium Diffusion into Soils from Concentrated Acidic and Alkaline Solutions.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3056
EP  - 3062
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Uranium contamination of soils and sediments often originates from acidic or alkaline waste sources, with diffusion being a major transport mechanism. Measurements of U(VI) diffusion from initially pH 2 and pH 11 solutions into a slightly alkaline Altamont soil and a neutral Oak Ridge soil were obtained through monitoring uptake from boundary reservoirs and from U concentration profiles within soil columns. The soils provided pH buffering, resulting in diffusion at nearly constant pH. Micro X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra confirmed that U remained in U(VI) forms in all soils. Time trends of U(VI) depletion from reservoirs and U(VI) concentration profiles within soil columns yielded Kd values consistent with those determined in batch tests at similar concentrations (&ap;1 mM) and much lower than values for sorption at much lower concentrations (nM to µM). These results show that U(VI) transport at high concentrations can be relatively fast at non-neutral pH, with negligible surface diffusion, because of weak sorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13512700; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Email Address: tktokunaga@lbl.gov; Wan, Jiamin 1; Pena, Jasquelin 2; Sutton, Stephen R. 3; Newville, Matthew 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; 3: University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3056; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es035289+
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kung-Hui Chu
AU  - Mahendra, Shaily
AU  - Song, Donald L.
AU  - Conrad, Mark R.
AU  - Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa
T1  - Stable Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Aerobic Biodegradation of Chlorinated Ethenes.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3126
EP  - 3130
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Stable isotope analysis is recognized as a powerful tool for monitoring, assessing, and validating in-situ bioremediation processes. In this study, kinetic carbon isotope fractionation factors (&epsiv;) associated with the aerobic biodegradation of vinyl chloride (VC), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cDCE), and trichloroethylene (TCE) were examined. Of the three solvents, the largest fractionation effects were observed for biodegradation of VC. Both metabolic and cometabolic VC degradation were studied using Mycobacterium aurum L1 (grown on VC), Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (grown on methane), Mycobacterium vaccae JOB5 (grown on propane), and two VC enrichment cultures seeded from contaminated soils of Alameda Point and Travis Air Force Base, CA. M. aurum L1 caused the greatest fractionation (&epsiv; = -5.7) while for the cometabolic cultures, &epsiv; values ranged from -3.2 to -4.8. VC fractionation patterns for the enrichment cultures were within the range of those observed for the metabolic and cometabolic cultures ( &epsiv;= -4.5 to -5.5). The fractionation for cometabolic degradation of TCE by Me. trichosporium OB3b was low (&epsiv; = -1.1), while no quantifiable carbon isotopic fractionation was observed during the cometabolic degradation of cDCE. For all three of the tested chlorinated ethenes, isotopic fractionation measured during aerobic degradation was significantly smaller than that reported for anaerobic reductive dechlorination. This study suggests that analysis of compound-specific isotopic fractionation could assist in determining whether aerobic or anaerobic degradation of VC and cDCE predominates in field applications of in-situ bioremediation. In contrast, isotopic fractionation effects associated with metabolic and cometabolic reactions are not sufficiently dissimilar to distinguish these processes in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - MYCOBACTERIA
KW  - CHLORINATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13512710; Kung-Hui Chu 1; Mahendra, Shaily 2; Song, Donald L. 3; Conrad, Mark R. 4; Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa 2; Email Address: alvarez@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 110B Perkins Hall, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2010.; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 726 Davis Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720-1710.; 3: Brown and Caldwell, 201 North Civic Drive, Walnut Creek, California 94596.; 4: Center for Isotope Geochemistry, MS 70A-4418, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3126; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: BIODEGRADATION; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: MYCOBACTERIA; Subject Term: CHLORINATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es0355238c
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mezyk, Stephen P.
AU  - Cooper, William J.
AU  - Madden, Keith P.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
T1  - Free Radical Destruction of N-Nitrosodimethylamine in Water.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3161
EP  - 3167
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Absolute rate constants for the reactions of the hydroxyl radical, hydrated electron, and hydrogen atom with N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in water at room temperature have been determined using electron pulse radiolysis and transient absorption spectroscopy (˙OH and e-aq) and EPR free induction decay attenuation (˙H) measurements. Specific values of (4.30 ± 0.12) × 108, (1.41 ± 0.02) × 1010, and (2.01 ± 0.03) × 108 M-1 s-1 were measured, respectively. DMPO spin-trapping experiments demonstrated that the hydroxyl radical reaction with NDMA occurs by hydrogen atom abstraction from a methyl group, and the rate constant for the subsequent reaction of this radical transient with dissolved oxygen was measured as (5.3 ± 0.6) × 106 M-1 s-1. This relatively slow rate constant implies that regeneration of the parent nitrosoamine from the oxidized transient could occur in natural waters containing dissolved organic compounds. The reaction of the hydrated electron with NDMA was to form a transient adduct anion, which could subsequently transfer this excess electron to regenerate the parent chemical. Such regeneration reactions would significantly reduce the effectiveness of any applied advanced oxidation technology remediation effort on NDMA-contaminated natural waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE
KW  - ABSTRACT thought
KW  - NITROSOAMINES
KW  - NITROSO compounds
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 13512715; Mezyk, Stephen P. 1; Email Address: Smezyk@csulb.edu; Cooper, William J. 2; Madden, Keith P. 3; Bartels, David M. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840.; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403.; 3: Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dane, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556.; 4: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3161; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE; Subject Term: ABSTRACT thought; Subject Term: NITROSOAMINES; Subject Term: NITROSO compounds; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es0347742
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baohua Gu
AU  - Yee-Kyoung Ku
AU  - Jardine, Philip M.
T1  - Sorption and Binary Exchange of Nitrate, Sulfate, and Uranium on an Anion-Exchange Resin.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3184
EP  - 3188
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Competitive ion-exchange reactions were studied on a strong-base anion-exchange resin to remove NO3- and uranium from a contaminated groundwater containing high levels of NO3- (∼140 mM), SO42- (∼140 mM), and U(VI) (∼-0.2 mM). Results indicate that although SO3- carries divalent negative charges, it showed the least selectivity for sorption by the Purolite A-520E resin, which is functionalized with triethylamine exchange sites. Nitrate was the most strongly sorbed. Sorption selectivity followed the order of NO3- > CI- > SO42- under the experimental conditions. Nitrate competitively sorbed and displaced previously sorbed SO42- in a column flow-through experiment and resulted in a high elution front of SO42- in the effluent. Although the concentration of uranium in groundwater is orders of magnitude lower than that of NO3- or SO42-, it was found to be strongly sorbed by the anion-exchange resin. Because the most stable uranium species in oxic and suboxic environments is the UO22+ cation, its strong sorption by anion-exchange resins is hypothesized to be the result of the co-ion effect of NO3- by forming anionic UO2(NO3)3 complexes in the resin matrix. These observations point out a potential alternative remediation strategy that uses strong-base anion-exchange resins to remove uranium from this site-specific groundwater, which has a low pH and a relatively high NO3- concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - GUMS & resins
KW  - LINE geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13512718; Baohua Gu 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov; Yee-Kyoung Ku 1; Jardine, Philip M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3184; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: GUMS & resins; Subject Term: LINE geometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es034902m
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horn, Joanne M.
AU  - Masterson, Brett A.
AU  - Rivera, Angel
AU  - Miranda, Anabel
AU  - Davis, Michael A.
AU  - Marlin, Sue
T1  - Bacterial Growth Dynamics, Limiting Factors, and Community Diversity in a Proposed Geological Nuclear Waste Repository Environment.
JO  - Geomicrobiology Journal
JF  - Geomicrobiology Journal
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 286
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01490451
AB  - Microbiological growth parameters, including limiting factors, kinetics, and minimal cell densities were assessed for subsurface microbiological communities collected with rock from an area proposed for a nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis revealed that approximately 104-105 viable cells per gram of dry rock are extant, and water availability was shown to he the primary factor limiting microbial growth in situ. Phosphate and carbon limitation, however, also suppress final cell densities by at least one order of magnitude under saturated conditions. Despite these limiting factors, significant growth of aerobic chemoheterotrophic microorganisms was shown to occur in unconcentrated simulated groundwater with or without addition of a reduced carbon source (7 × 107 and 8 × 106 planktonic cells/mL, respectively), indicating that when water becomes available in the repository environment, microbial growth will ensue. Organisms that were isolated from stationary cultures grown from Yucca Mountain rock in concentrated and unconcentrated simulated groundwaters showed significant 16S rDNA sequence divergence from reference organisms. Different (but related) organisms were isolated from concentrated and unconcentrated groundwater-grown cultures. Generally, as experimental conditions approached those expected to he encountered in situ, the organisms isolated were more divergent from reference organisms. Organisms that were isolated have metabolic properties that could allow them to he active and grow within the repository environment if water availability is sufficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geomicrobiology Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIAL growth
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste repositories
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste sites
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - MICROBIAL growth
KW  - bacterial survival
KW  - microbiological biodiversity
KW  - microbiological growth kinetics
KW  - subsurface ecology
KW  - subsurface nutrients
KW  - vadose ecology
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 12930481; Horn, Joanne M. 1; Email Address: horn3@llnl.gov; Masterson, Brett A. 1; Rivera, Angel 1; Miranda, Anabel 1; Davis, Michael A. 1; Marlin, Sue 1; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p273; Subject: BACTERIAL growth; Subject: RADIOACTIVE waste repositories; Subject: RADIOACTIVE waste sites; Subject: GEOLOGY; Subject: MICROORGANISMS; Subject: MICROBIAL growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: bacterial survival; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbiological biodiversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbiological growth kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: subsurface ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: subsurface nutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: vadose ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/01490450490438775
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=12930481&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lippmann, Marcelo J.
AU  - Truesdell, Alfred H.
AU  - Rodríguez, Marco H.
AU  - Pérez, Alfredo
T1  - Response of Cerro Prieto II and III (Mexico) to exploitation
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 03756505
AB  - The Cerro Prieto field of northern Mexico is the largest water-dominated geothermal field under commercial production at the present time. In 2000 more than 115 million tons of fluids were extracted, but only about 20% was injected back into the reservoirs. This deficit has contributed to a drop in pressures resulting in localized boiling, influx of cooler groundwater and other reservoir processes. The influence of geologic features, especially faults, on these processes and on the response of different parts of the field to production is described. The study illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to gain an understanding of the behavior of geothermal systems under production. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geothermal resources
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Reservoirs
KW  - Hydraulic structures
KW  - Boiling
KW  - Cerro Prieto
KW  - Condensation
KW  - Injection
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Recharge
KW  - Reservoir
KW  - Water-dominated systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12962857; Lippmann, Marcelo J. 1; Email Address: mjlippmann@lbl.gov; Truesdell, Alfred H. 1; Rodríguez, Marco H. 2; Pérez, Alfredo 2; Affiliations: 1 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Residencia General de Cerro Prieto, Comisión Federal de Electricidad, Mexicali, BC, Mexico;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p229; Thesaurus Term: Geothermal resources; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Reservoirs; Thesaurus Term: Hydraulic structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cerro Prieto; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reservoir; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water-dominated systems; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=12962857&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kiryukhin, Alexey
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - Apps, John
AU  - Slovtsov, Igor
T1  - Thermal–hydrodynamic–chemical (THC) modeling based on geothermal field data
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Data on fluid chemistry and rock mineralogy are evaluated for a number of geothermal fields located in the volcanic arc of Japan and Kamchatka, Russia, Common chemical characteristics are identified and used to define scenarios for detailed numerical modeling of coupled thermal–hydrodynamic–chemical (THC) processes. The following scenarios of parental geothermal fluid upflow were studied: (1) single-phase conditions, 260 °C at the bottom (‘Ogiri’ type); (2) two-phase conditions, 300 °C at the bottom (‘Hatchobaru’ type); and (3) heat pipe conditions, 260 °C at the bottom (‘Matsukawa’ type). THC modeling for the single-phase upflow scenario shows wairakite, quartz, K-feld spar and chlorite formed as the principal secondary minerals in the production zone, and illite-smectite formed below 230 °C. THC modeling of the two-phase upflow shows that quartz, K-feldspar (microcline), wairakite and calcite precipitate in the model as principal secondary minerals in the production zone. THC modeling of heat pipe conditions shows no significant secondary deposition of minerals (quartz, K-feldspar, zeolites) in the production zone. The influence of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of chemical interaction, and of mass fluxes on mineral phase changes, was found to be significant, depending on the upflow regime. It was found that no parental geothermal fluid inflow is needed for zeolite precipitation, which occurs above 140 °C in saturated andesite, provided that the porosity is greater than 0.001. In contrast, quartz and K-feldspar precipitation may result in a significant porosity reduction over a hundred-year time scale under mass flux conditions, and complete fracture sealing will occur given sufficient time under either single-phase or two-phase upflow scenarios. A heat pipe scenario shows no significant porosity reduction due to lack of secondary mineral phase deposition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrodynamics
KW  - Geothermal resources
KW  - Geothermal district heating
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Geothermal fields
KW  - Japan
KW  - Kamchatka
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Russia
KW  - TOUGHREACT
N1  - Accession Number: 12962862; Kiryukhin, Alexey 1; Email Address: avk2@kcs.iks.ru; Xu, Tianfu 2; Pruess, Karsten 2; Apps, John 2; Slovtsov, Igor 1; Affiliations: 1 : Institute of Volcanologv Piip-9, Petropavlovsk-Karnchatsky, 683006, Russia; 2 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS590-1116, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p349; Thesaurus Term: Hydrodynamics; Thesaurus Term: Geothermal resources; Thesaurus Term: Geothermal district heating; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geothermal fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Japan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kamchatka; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Russia; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOUGHREACT; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=12962862&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, John S.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Bernhardt, Emily
AU  - Deangelis, Paolo
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Pregitzer, Kurt S.
T1  - A multiyear synthesis of soil respiration responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 from four forest FACE experiments.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1027
EP  - 1042
SN  - 13541013
AB  - The rapidly rising concentration of atmospheric CO2 has the potential to alter forest and global carbon cycles by altering important processes that occur in soil. Forest soils contain the largest and longest lived carbon pools in terrestrial ecosystems and are therefore extremely important to the land–atmosphere exchange of carbon and future climate. Soil respiration is a sensitive integrator of many soil processes that control carbon storage in soil, and is therefore a good metric of changes to soil carbon cycling. Here, we summarize soil respiration data from four forest free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) experiments in developing and established forests that have been exposed to elevated atmospheric [CO2] (168 μL L−1 average enrichment) for 2–6 years. The sites have similar experimental design and use similar methodology (closed-path infrared gas analyzers) to measure soil respiration, but differ in species composition of the respective forest communities. We found that elevated atmospheric [CO2] stimulated soil respiration at all sites, and this response persisted for up to 6 years. Young developing stands experienced greater stimulation than did more established stands, increasing 39% and 16%, respectively, averaged over all years and communities. Further, at sites that had more than one community, we found that species composition of the dominant trees was a major controller of the absolute soil CO2 efflux and the degree of stimulation from CO2 enrichment. Interestingly, we found that the temperature sensitivity of bulk soil respiration appeared to be unaffected by elevated atmospheric CO2. These findings suggest that stage of stand development and species composition should be explicitly accounted for when extrapolating results from elevated CO2 experiments or modeling forest and global carbon cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Atmospheric chemistry
KW  - Soils & climate
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Forest soils
KW  - Betula
KW  - global change
KW  - liquidambar
N1  - Accession Number: 13229515; King, John S. 1; Email Address: jsking@mtu.edu; Hanson, Paul J. 2; Bernhardt, Emily 3; Deangelis, Paolo 4; Norby, Richard J. 2; Pregitzer, Kurt S. 1,5; Affiliations: 1 : School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, MI 49931, USA; 2 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 3 : Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; 4 : Department of Forest Environment and Resources, University of Tuscia, via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; 5 : North Central Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Houghton, MI 49931, USA;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 10 Issue 6, p1027; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Soils & climate; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Forest soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Betula; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: liquidambar; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00789.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=13229515&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heebner, John E.
AU  - Wong, Vincent
AU  - Schweinsberg, Aaron
AU  - Boyd, Robert W.
AU  - Jackson, Deborah J.
T1  - Optical Transmission Characteristics of Fiber Ring Resonators.
JO  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
JF  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
J1  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
PY  - 2004/06//
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 40
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 726
EP  - 730
SN  - 00189197
AB  - We present the results of an experimental investigation of the transfer characteristics of a fiber ring resonator for various values of the resonator finesse. In particular, we measure the spectral dependence of the intensity transmission and the induced phase shift in the undercoupled, critically coupled, and over- coupled regimes. We also demonstrate tunable optical (true time) group delay via a fiber ring resonator and show that a high finesse is unnecessary. Our laboratory results are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONATORS
KW  - SOUND -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13713657; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 40 Issue 6, p726; Subject Term: RESONATORS; Subject Term: SOUND -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 5p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/JQE.2004.828232
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=13713657&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bossert, R.
AU  - Carson, J.
AU  - Chichili, D. R.
AU  - Feher, S.
AU  - Kerby, J.
AU  - Lamm, M. J.
AU  - Nobrega, A.
AU  - Nicol, T.
AU  - Ogitsu, T.
AU  - Orris, D.
AU  - Page, T.
AU  - Peterson, T.
AU  - Rabehl, R.
AU  - Robotham, W.
AU  - Scanlan, R.
AU  - Schlabach, P.
AU  - Sylvester, C.
AU  - Strait, J.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Tompkins, J. C.
T1  - Test Results From the LQXB Quadrupole Production Program at Fermilab for the LHC Interaction Regions.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 190
SN  - 10518223
AB  - As part of the US-LHC Accelerator Project, Fermilab is producing fully cryostated assemblies that will be installed as the Q1, Q2 and Q3 optical elements for the LHC Inner Triplets. The main quadrupole magnets in the Q1 (LQXA) and Q3 (LQXC) assemblies are MQXA elements designed and fabricated by KEK and Toshiba, while those in the Q2 (LQXB) assemblies are MQXB quadrupoles designed and fabricated by Fermilab. The cryostat assemblies for all magnets are designed by Fermilab, and final assembly of the optical elements occurs at Fermilab. This paper describes the production test results for the second LQXB cryostat assembly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASSEMBLY line methods
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - Interaction region
KW  - LHC
KW  - low-β quadrupole
KW  - Superconducting magnet.
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 16274456; Bossert, R. 1; Carson, J. 1; Chichili, D. R. 1; Feher, S. 1; Kerby, J. 1; Lamm, M. J. 1; Nobrega, A. 1; Nicol, T. 1; Ogitsu, T. 2; Orris, D. 1; Page, T. 1; Peterson, T. 1; Rabehl, R. 1; Robotham, W. 1; Scanlan, R. 3; Schlabach, P. 1; Sylvester, C. 1; Strait, J. 1; Tartaglia, M. 1; Tompkins, J. C. 1; Affiliations: 1: FNAL Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510.; 2: KEK High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.; 3: LBNL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 9472.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p187; Thesaurus Term: ASSEMBLY line methods; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interaction region; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: low-β quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnet. ; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274456&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caspi, S.
AU  - Bartlett, S. E.
AU  - Dietderich, D. R.
AU  - Ferracin, P.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
AU  - Hafalia, R. R.
AU  - Hannaford, C. R.
AU  - Lietzke, A. F.
AU  - Mclnturff, A. D.
AU  - Sabbi, G.
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
T1  - Mechanical Design of a Second Generation LHC IR Quadrupole.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 238
SN  - 10518223
AB  - One of the proposed. options to Increase the LHC luminosity is the replacement of the existing inner triplets at the Interaction Regions with new low-beta target aperture quadrupoles operating ad the same gradient Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory (LBNL) is carrying out preliminary studies of a large-bore Nb3Sn quadrupole. The mechanical design presents a support structure based on the use of keys and bladders without self-supporting collars. This technology has been proven effective in several successful common coil Nb3Sn dipoles built at LBNL, and it is for the fit time applied to a cos(2&thetav;) design. In this paper we present a de$al4ed analysis of the quadrupole mechanical behavior, demonstrating the possibility of delivering, through this method, well-controlled coil pre-compression during assembly, cool-down and excitation. The study has been performed with the finite element program ANSYS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - Large hadron collider
KW  - Nb3 Sn
KW  - quadrupole
KW  - superconducting magnets.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274468; Caspi, S. 1; Email Address: s_caspi@lbl.gov; Bartlett, S. E. 1; Dietderich, D. R. 1; Ferracin, P. 1; Gourlay, S. A. 1; Hafalia, R. R. 1; Hannaford, C. R. 1; Lietzke, A. F. 1; Mclnturff, A. D. 1; Sabbi, G. 1; Scanlan, R. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p235; Thesaurus Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large hadron collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3 Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnets.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829057
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274468&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nicol, Thomas H.
AU  - Dimarco, Joseph E.
AU  - Kerby, James S.
AU  - Page, Thomas M.
AU  - Petersor, Thomas J.
AU  - Rabehl, Roger J.
T1  - LHC Interaction Region Quadrupole Cryostat Production, Alignment, and Performance Summary.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 251
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The cryostat of a Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Interaction Region (IR) quadrupole magnet consists of all components of the inner triplet except the magnet assembly Itself. It serves to support the magnet accurately and reliably within the vacuum vessel, to provide all required cryogenic piping, and to insulate the cold mass from heat radiated and conducted from the environment. The major components of the cryostat are the vacuum vessel, thermal shield multi-layer Insulation system,. cryogenic piping, interconnections, and suspension system. While responsibility for the design and manufacture of the main quadrupole elements is divided between Fermilab and KEK, Fermilab alone Is responsible for the design and final assembly of the cryostat for the LHC inner triplets. This paper describes the experience gained during fabrication of the first complete Q2 magnets, the alignment operation and results and the cryogenic performance of the magnet on the test stand at Fermilab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - SUPERCOLLIDERS
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - Cryostat
KW  - interaction region quadrupole
KW  - LHC
KW  - superconducting magnet.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274471; Nicol, Thomas H. 1; Email Address: tnicol@fnal.gov; Dimarco, Joseph E. 2; Kerby, James S. 2; Page, Thomas M. 2; Petersor, Thomas J. 2; Rabehl, Roger J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 5 USA.; 2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p247; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: SUPERCOLLIDERS; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryostat; Author-Supplied Keyword: interaction region quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnet.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829062
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274471&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Anerella, M.
AU  - Harrison, M.
AU  - Schmalzle, I.
AU  - Mokhov, N.
T1  - Open Midplane Dipole Design for LHC IR Upgrade.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 263
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The proposed luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Colider (LHC), now under construction, will bring a large increase in the number of secondary particles from p-p collisions at the interaction point (IP). Energy deposition will be so large that the lifetime and quench performance of Interaction region (IR) magnets may be significantly reduced if conventional designs are used. Moreover, the cryogenic capacity of the LHC will have to be significantly Increased as the energy deposition load on the infraction region (IR) magnets by Itself will exhaust the present capacity. We propose an alternate open midplane dipole design concept for the dipole-first optics that mitigates these issues. The proposed design takes advantage of the fact that most of the energy is deposited in the midplane region. The coil midplane region is kept free of superconductor, support structure and other material. Initial energy deposition calculations show that the increase in temperature remains within the quench tolerance of the superconducting coils. In addition, most of the energy is deposited in a relatively warm region where the heat removal is economical. We present the basic concept and preliminary design that includes several innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Accelerators
KW  - interaction region and large hadron collider
KW  - quadrupoles.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274474; Gupta, R. 1; Email Address: gupta@bnl.gov; Anerella, M. 1; Harrison, M. 1; Schmalzle, I. 1; Mokhov, N. 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p259; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: interaction region and large hadron collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrupoles.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274474&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ageyev, A. I.
AU  - Andreev, N. I.
AU  - Bogdanov, I. V.
AU  - Kozub, S. S.
AU  - Myznikov, K. P.
AU  - Olyumn, A. A.
AU  - Orlov, A. P.
AU  - Shcherbakov, P. A.
AU  - Sytrnk, V. V.
AU  - Tkachenko, L. M.
AU  - A. V. Ziobin
T1  - Performance of UNK Superconducting Dipoles With Natural Oxide Coating of Strands.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 266
SN  - 10518223
AB  - This paper describes the properties of SC cable with natural oxide on the strands developed for the UNK SC magnets and summarizes the performance of short and long magnets made of such cable. The coating was selected based on the studies of cable samples with various strand coating. Ten 1-m long dipoles and two 6-m long dipoles were manufacturing using the cable with natural oxide coating of strands. These dipoles had low value of AC losses in the coil and reached the maximum magnetic field of 6.5 T in magnet aperture at the current ramp rates up to 0.8 T/s and 4.25 K temperature The effects of interlayer splices and able electrical insulation on the magnet ramp rate dependence are also reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 16274475; Ageyev, A. I. 1; Email Address: ageyev@mx.ihep.su; Andreev, N. I. 2; Email Address: bogdinov@mx.ihep.su; Bogdanov, I. V. 1; Email Address: kozub@mx.ihep.su; Kozub, S. S. 1; Email Address: myznikov@mx.ihepsu; Myznikov, K. P. 1; Email Address: Olynin@mx.ihep.su; Olyumn, A. A. 1; Email Address: orlov@sirius.ihep.su; Orlov, A. P. 1; Email Address: shcherbakov@mx.ihep.su; Shcherbakov, P. A. 1; Email Address: v_sytnik@mx.ihep.su; Sytrnk, V. V. 1; Email Address: tkachenko@mx.ihep.su; Tkachenko, L. M. 1; Email Address: andreev@fnal.gov; A. V. Ziobin 2; Email Address: zlobin@fnal.gov; Affiliations: 1: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia.; 2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p263; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829067
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274475&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kashikhin, V. S.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Dimarco, J.
AU  - Feher, S.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. V.
AU  - Larnm, M.
AU  - Novitski, I.
AU  - Orris, D.
AU  - Schlabach, P.
AU  - Sylvester, C.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Velev, G.
AU  - Ziobin, A. V.
T1  - Field Quality Measurements of Fermilab Nb3Sn Common Coil Dipole Model.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 290
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A short model of single-layer Nb3 Sn common coil dipole magnet has been fabricated and tested at Fermilab. The paper summarizes results of magnetic measurements in the common coil model. The geometrical harmonics, coil magnetization and iron saturation effects, ramp-rate dependence, field decay and the "snap-back" effect at injection are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETIC measurements
KW  - Eddy currents
KW  - magnetic field measurements
KW  - magnetization
KW  - superconducting accelerator magnet.
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 16274481; Kashikhin, V. S. 1; Email Address: kash@fnal.gov; Andreev, N. 1; Dimarco, J. 1; Feher, S. 1; Kashikhin, V. V. 1; Larnm, M. 1; Novitski, I. 1; Orris, D. 1; Schlabach, P. 1; Sylvester, C. 1; Tartaglia, M. 1; Velev, G. 1; Ziobin, A. V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p287; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic field measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting accelerator magnet. ; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829087
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274481&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamada, R.
AU  - Marscin, E.
AU  - Lee, A.
AU  - Wake, M.
T1  - 3D ANSYS Quench Simulation of Cosine Theta Nb3Sn High Field Dipole Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 294
SN  - 10518223
AB  - To study detailed quench behavior of cosine theta Nb3Sn high field dipole magnets a three-dimensional simulation program is made using ANSYS finite element analysis program. The simulation program reproduces the detailed end structure, as well as the straight section, based from a CAD file of I-DEAS. It can calculate the thermal and its resulting mechanical stress distribution inside the coil after a quench. Its detailed method is explained. With the present program, quench propagation along the cable length and also azimuthal quench propagation is shown. An- imation programs based on this quench program are shown very effective for the detailed quench analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - COMPUTER-aided design
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - 3D animation
KW  - 3D ANSYS quench simulation.
KW  - Superconducting magnet
N1  - Accession Number: 16274482; Yamada, R. 1; Email Address: yamada@fnal.gov; Marscin, E. 1; Email Address: marscin@fnal.gov; Lee, A. 1; Email Address: alee@fnal.gov; Wake, M. 2; Email Address: wake@post.kek.jp; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraiki-ken 305-0801, Japan.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p291; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: FINITE element method; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER-aided design; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D animation; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D ANSYS quench simulation.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnet; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829088
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274482&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, M. N.
AU  - Anerella, M.
AU  - Ganetis, G.
AU  - Ghosh, A. K.
AU  - Joshi, P.
AU  - Marone, A.
AU  - Muehle, C.
AU  - Muratore, J.
AU  - Schmalzle, J.
AU  - Soika, R.
AU  - Thomas, R.
AU  - Wanderer, P.
AU  - Kaugerts, J.
AU  - Morritz, G.
AU  - Hassenzahl, W. V.
T1  - Measured and Calculated Losses in Model Dipole for GSI's Heavy Ion Synchrotron.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 309
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The new heavy ion synchrotron facility proposed by GSI will have two superconducting magnet rings in the same tunnel, with rigidities of 300 T · m and 100 T · m. Fast ramp times are needed. These can cause problems of ac loss and field distortion in the magnets. For the high energy ring, a 1 m model dipole magnet has been built, based on the RHIC dipole design. This magnet was tested under boiling liquid helium in a vertical dewar. The quench current showed very little dependence on ramp rate. The ac losses, measured by an electrical method, were fitted to straight line plots of losses cycle versus ramp rate, thereby separating the eddy current and hysteresis components. These results were compared with calculated values, using parameters which had previously been measured on short samples of cable. Reasonably good agreement between theory and experiment was found, although the measured hysteresis loss is higher than expected in ramps to the highest field levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - AC loss
KW  - dipole magnet
KW  - heavy ion
KW  - Rutherford cable
KW  - superconducting magnet
KW  - synchrotron.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274485; Wilson, M. N.; Email Address: m-wilson@dsl.pipex.com; Anerella, M. 1; Email Address: mda@bnl.gov; Ganetis, G. 1; Email Address: ganetis1@bnl.gov; Ghosh, A. K. 1; Email Address: aghosh@bnl.gov; Joshi, P. 1; Email Address: joshi@bnl.gov; Marone, A. 1; Email Address: andym@bnl.gov; Muehle, C. 2; Email Address: muratore@bnl.gov; Muratore, J. 1; Email Address: schmalz1@bnl.gov; Schmalzle, J. 1; Email Address: soika@bnl.gov; Soika, R. 1; Email Address: thomas@bnl.gov; Thomas, R. 1; Email Address: wanderer@bnl.gov; Wanderer, P. 1; Email Address: C.Muehle@gsi.de; Kaugerts, J. 2; Email Address: j.kaugerts@gsi.de; Morritz, G. 2; Email Address: G.Moritz@gsi.de; Hassenzahl, W. V. 3; Email Address: advenergy1@aol.com; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, 11973, USA.; 2: GSI, Abtelung BTE, Darmstadt, Germany.; 3: Advanced Energy Analysis, Piedmont, CA 94611, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p306; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: AC loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: dipole magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rutherford cable; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchrotron.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829096
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martovetsky, Nicola N.
AU  - Manahan, Robert R.
AU  - Meinke, Rainer B.
AU  - Chiesa, Luisa
AU  - Lietzke, Alan F.
AU  - Sabbi, Gian L.
AU  - Seidi, Peter A.
T1  - Development and Testing of the Improved Focusing Quadrupole of Heavy Ion Fusion Accelerators.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 316
EP  - 320
SN  - 10518223
AB  - An improved version of the focusing magnet for a Heavy Ion Fusion (HIF) accelerator was designed, built and tested in 2002-2003. This quadrupole has higher focusing power and lower error field than the previous version of the focusing quadrupoles successfully built and tested in 2001. We discuss the features of the new design, selected fabrication issues and test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TESTING
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - HEAVY ion accelerators
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Magnetic variables measurement
KW  - superconducting accelerator magnets
KW  - superconducting device testing.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274487; Martovetsky, Nicola N. 1; Email Address: martovetsky1@llnl.gov; Manahan, Robert R. 1; Meinke, Rainer B. 2; Email Address: rmeinke@magnetlab.com; Chiesa, Luisa 3,4; Email Address: lchiesi@mit.edu; Lietzke, Alan F. 3; Email Address: aflletzke@lbl.gov; Sabbi, Gian L. 3; Seidi, Peter A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; 2: Advanced Magnetic Laboratory, Palm Bay, Fl, 32905, USA.; 3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; 94720, USA.; 4: MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p316; Thesaurus Term: TESTING; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: HEAVY ion accelerators; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic variables measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting accelerator magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting device testing.; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829107
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274487&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamada, Ryuji
AU  - Marscin, Eric
T1  - Precursory Voltage Signals in Cosine Theta Nb3Sn High Field Model Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
EP  - 328
SN  - 10518223
AB  - To understand the premature quenches of the Nb3Sn high field model magnets, we also made mirror design model magnets, and studied their quenches. With one of the mirror magnet, HFDA-03A, which had extra lead cables installed, some precursory voltage signals were observed at soldered joints in the high field region, leading to quenches at high ramp rate. These voltage signals diminish with slower ramp rate. The ramp rate dependence of the quench behaviors is experimentally studied. In the course of these quench investigation we developed a method to cancel the inductive voltage in the voltage tap signals. This method proved very effective to understand clearly how the quenches are propagating in all parts of the magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - HIGH voltages
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - Nb3Sn high field magnets
KW  - quench
KW  - Rutherford cable.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274489; Yamada, Ryuji 1; Email Address: yamada@fnal.gov; Marscin, Eric 1; Email Address: emarscin@Comcast.net; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p325; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Subject Term: HIGH voltages; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn high field magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: quench; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rutherford cable.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829117
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274489&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gourlay, Stephen A.
T1  - High Field Magnet R&D in the USA.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 338
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Accelerator magnet technology is currently dominated by the use of NbTi superconductor. New and more demanding applications for superconducting accelerator magnets require the use of alternative materials. Several programs in the US are taking advantage of recent improvements in Nb3Sn to develop high field magnets for new applications. Highlights and challenges of the US R&D program are presented along with the status of conductor development. In addition, a new R&D focus, the US LHC Accelerator Research Program, will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETS
KW  - Accelerator magnets
KW  - superconducting magnets.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274491; Gourlay, Stephen A. 1; Email Address: sagourlay@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p333; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnets.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829120
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274491&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lietzke, A. F.
AU  - Bartlett, S.
AU  - Bish, P.
AU  - Caspi, S.
AU  - Chiesa, L.
AU  - Dietderich, D.
AU  - Ferracin, P.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
AU  - Goli, M.
AU  - Hafalia, R. R.
AU  - Higley, H.
AU  - Hannaford, R.
AU  - Lau, W.
AU  - Liggens, N.
AU  - Mattafirri, S.
AU  - Mclnturff, A.
AU  - Nyman, M.
AU  - Sabbi, G.
AU  - Scanlan, R.
AU  - Swanson, J.
T1  - Test Results for HD1, a 16 Tesla Nb3Sn Dipole Magnet.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 348
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The Superconducting Magnet Group at Lawrence  Berkeley National Laboratory has been developing the technology for using brittle superconductor in high-field accelerator  magnets. HIM, the latest in a series of magnets, contains two, double-layer Nb3Sn flat racetrack coils. This single-bore dipole configuration, using the highest performance conductor available, was designed and assembled for a 16 tesla conductor/structure/pre-stress proof-of-principle. With the combination of brittle conductor and high Lorentz stress, considerable care was taken to predict the magnet's mechanical responses to pre-stress, cool-down, and excitation. Subsequent cold testing satisfied expectations: Training started at 136 T, 83% of "short-sample", achieved 90% in 10 quenches, and reached its peak bore field (16 T) after 19 quenches. The average plateau, ∼92% of "short-sample", appeared to be limited by "stick-slip" conductor motions, consistent with the 16.2 T conductor "lift-off" pre-stress that was chosen for this first test.  Some lessons learned and some implications for future conductor and magnet technology development are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - Dipole
KW  - high-field
KW  - Nb3Sn
KW  - superconducting magnets
KW  - test results.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274493; Lietzke, A. F. 1; Email Address: AFLietzke@lbl.gov; Bartlett, S. 1; Bish, P. 1; Caspi, S. 1; Chiesa, L. 1; Dietderich, D. 1; Ferracin, P. 1; Gourlay, S. A. 1; Goli, M. 1; Hafalia, R. R. 1; Higley, H. 1; Hannaford, R. 1; Lau, W. 1; Liggens, N. 1; Mattafirri, S. 1; Mclnturff, A. 1; Nyman, M. 1; Sabbi, G. 1; Scanlan, R. 1; Swanson, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p345; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: test results.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829122
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feber, S.
AU  - Ambrosio, G.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Barzi, E.
AU  - Carcagno, R.
AU  - Chichili, D. R.
AU  - Kashikhin, VI.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. V.
AU  - Lanm, M. J.
AU  - Orris, D.
AU  - Pischalnikov, Y.
AU  - Sylvester, C.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Tompkins, J. C.
AU  - Yadav, S.
AU  - Yamada, R.
AU  - Ziobin, A. V.
T1  - Test Results of Shell-Type Nb3Sn Dipole Coils.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 352
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Several different shell type coils were made by using the 'wind-and-react' technique, installed in a mirror magnet configuration and tested at Fermilab. The results revealed that the previously suspect splice technique is adequate and is not responsible for the quench performance limitation. Cable instability is the preferred candidate, however this might be coupled with other effects since all of the experimental results cannot be explained exclusively with cable instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIC circuits
KW  - ELECTRIC cables
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - high field dipole
KW  - magnet
KW  - Nb3Sn.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274494; Feber, S. 1; Email Address: febers@fnal.gov; Ambrosio, G. 1; Andreev, N. 1; Barzi, E. 1; Carcagno, R. 1; Chichili, D. R. 1; Kashikhin, VI. 1; Kashikhin, V. V. 1; Lanm, M. J. 1; Orris, D. 1; Pischalnikov, Y. 1; Sylvester, C. 1; Tartaglia, M. 1; Tompkins, J. C. 1; Yadav, S. 1; Yamada, R. 1; Ziobin, A. V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p349; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRIC cables; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: high field dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829126
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274494&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kashikhin, V. S.
AU  - Ambrosio, G.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Bait, E.
AU  - Chichili, D.
AU  - Imbasciati, L.
AU  - Feber, S.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. V.
AU  - Lanun, M.
AU  - Limon, P. J.
AU  - Novitski, I.
AU  - Orris, D.
AU  - Sylvester, C.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Tompkins, J.
AU  - Yadav, S.
AU  - Yamada, R.
AU  - Velev, G.
AU  - Ziobin, A. V.
T1  - Development and Test of Single-Layer Common Coil Dipole Wound With Reacted Nb3Sn Cable.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 356
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The first one-meter long common coil dipole model (HFDC-01) has been fabricated and tested at Fermilab. This magnet has several innovative features such as: single-layer racetrack coils, a 22-mm wide 60-strand Rutherford type cable made of 0.7-inm Nb3Sn strands, and a stainless steel coil-support structure reinforced by horizontal bridges inserted between coil blocks. The model was instrumented with voltage taps, quench heaters, temperature sensors and strain gauges in order to monitor the quench origin, and to study mechanical and quench protection issues. This paper summarizes the model design parameters, the fabrication procedures and the test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - Common coil dipole
KW  - manufacturing
KW  - Nb3Sn
KW  - superconducting accelerator magnet
KW  - tests.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274495; Kashikhin, V. S. 1; Email Address: kash@fnal.gov; Ambrosio, G. 1; Andreev, N. 1; Bait, E. 1; Chichili, D. 1; Imbasciati, L. 1; Feber, S. 1; Kashikhin, V. V. 1; Lanun, M. 1; Limon, P. J. 1; Novitski, I. 1; Orris, D. 1; Sylvester, C. 1; Tartaglia, M. 1; Tompkins, J. 1; Yadav, S. 1; Yamada, R. 1; Velev, G. 1; Ziobin, A. V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermilab, MS 316, Batavia, IL 60510, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p353; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: DESIGN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Common coil dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: manufacturing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting accelerator magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: tests.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829128
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274495&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferracin, P.
AU  - Caspi, S.
AU  - Chiesa, L.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
AU  - Hafalia, R. R.
AU  - Imbasciati, L.
AU  - Lietzke, K. F.
AU  - Sabbi, G.
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
T1  - Thermal, Electrical and Mechanical Response in Nb3Sn Superconducting Coils.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 364
SN  - 10518223
AB  - During a quench, significant temperatures can arise as a magnet's stored energy is dissipated in the normal zone. Temperature gradients during this process give rise to localized strains within the coil. Reactive forces in the magnet structure balance the electromagnetic and thermal forces and maintain on equilibrium. In this paper we present a complete 3D finite element analysis of a racetrack coil. Specifically, the analysis focuses on thermal, electrical and mechanical conditions in a 10 T Nb3Sn coil built and tested as part of LBNL's Subscale Magnet Program. The study at- tempts to simulate time history of the temperature and voltage rise during quench propagation. The transient thermal stress after the quench is then evaluated and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC circuits
KW  - Quench propagation
KW  - stress analysis
KW  - superconducting magnets
KW  - thermal analysis.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274497; Ferracin, P. 1; Email Address: pferracin@lbl.gov; Caspi, S. 1; Chiesa, L. 2; Gourlay, S. A. 1; Hafalia, R. R. 1; Imbasciati, L.; Lietzke, K. F. 1; Sabbi, G. 1; Scanlan, R. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: MIT, Cambridge, MA USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p361; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quench propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal analysis.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829130
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274497&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takano, Junpei
AU  - Hattori, Toshiyuki
AU  - Okamura, Masahiro
AU  - Roser, Thomas
AU  - MacKay, William W.
AU  - Luccio, Alfred
AU  - Takano, Koji
T1  - Design Study of a Normal Conducting Helical Snake for AGS.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 457
EP  - 460
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A new normal conducting snake magnet is being fabricated for the Alternate Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). In the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) project, a superconducting type helical dipole magnets had been developed and it performed successfully in high-energy polarized proton acceleration. The new AGS helical snake has the same basic magnetic structure but is more complicated. To achieve no beam shift and no beam deflection in one magnetic device, helical pitches and rotating angles were carefully calculated. Compared to a superconducting magnet, a normal warm magnet must have a large cross-sectional area of conductors which make it difficult to design a magnet with large helical pitch. We developed a modified window frame structure to accommodate the large number of conductors. Its three dimensional magnetic field was simulated by using OPERA3D/TOSCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - PROTON accelerators
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 16274521; Takano, Junpei 1; Email Address: 02m19155@nr.titech.ac.jp; Hattori, Toshiyuki 1; Email Address: thattori@nr.titech.ac.jp; Okamura, Masahiro 2; Email Address: moka-mura@riken.jp; Roser, Thomas 3; Email Address: roser@bnl.gov; MacKay, William W. 3; Email Address: mackay@bnl.gov; Luccio, Alfred 3; Email Address: luccio@bnl.gov; Takano, Koji 4; Email Address: kouji@tomagnet.com; Affiliations: 1: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152- 8550, Japan; 2: RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973 USA; 4: Takano Original Magnet, Kanagawa 259-1102, Japan; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p457; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: PROTON accelerators; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829695
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274521&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, Ramesh
T1  - Permanent Magnet Design With Large Variations in Field Strength.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 476
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The use of permanent magnets has been investigated as an option for electron cooling ring for the proposed luminosity upgrade of RHIC. Several methods have been developed that allow a large variation in field strength. These design concepts were verified with computer simulations using finite element codes. It will be shown that the field uniformity is maintained while the field strength is mechanically adjusted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - COOLING
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - electron cooling
KW  - permanent magnet
N1  - Accession Number: 16274525; Gupta, Ramesh 1; Email Address: gupta@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p473; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: DESIGN; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: permanent magnet; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829699
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274525&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peng, Q. L.
AU  - Parker, B.
AU  - Marone, A.
AU  - Wu, Y. Z.
AU  - Wang, M. T.
T1  - BEPCII Interaction Region Superconducting Magnet System.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 541
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The superconducting magnet system for the interaction region of BEPCII Consists of two sets of Compensation solenoids, two SC quadrupoles, and several correction magnets. This paper describes the Conceptual design and some technical consideration for these magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - Anti-solenoid
KW  - field compensation
KW  - magnet cryostate
KW  - multi-layers winding technique
KW  - support stage
N1  - Accession Number: 16274539; Peng, Q. L. 1; Email Address: Pengql@mail.ihep.ac.cn; Parker, B. 2; Email Address: parker@lbl.gov; Marone, A. 2; Wu, Y. Z. 1; Wang, M. T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.; 2: Superconducting Magnet Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p539; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: DESIGN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anti-solenoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: field compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnet cryostate; Author-Supplied Keyword: multi-layers winding technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: support stage; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829714
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274539&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blau, B.
AU  - Campi, D.
AU  - Curé, B.
AU  - Greco, M.
AU  - Kircher, F.
AU  - Liikarnaa, R.
AU  - Seppälä, J.
AU  - Smith, R.
AU  - Vieillard, L.
T1  - Superconducting Strand Properties at Each Production Stage of the CMS Solenoid Conductor Manufacturing.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 548
EP  - 551
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is one of the general-purpose particle detectors presently being built for the LHC project at CERN. The superconducting CMS solenoid will produce a magnetic field of 4 T in a bore 6 m in diameter and 12.5 m long. The coil is wound from 20 high purity aluminum-stabilized NbTi conductors with a total length of 45 km. The main part of the structural integrity of the CMS coil is ensured by aluminum-alloy reinforcement welded to the high purity aluminum stabilizer of the conductor. The Rutherford type superconducting cable within the stabilizer consists of 32 copper-stabilized multifilamentary NbTi strands each with Nb barrier. The strands are optimized with respect to a high critical current density (&rg; 3000 A/mm² at 5 T, 4.2 K). Approximately 1950 km of superconducting strand has been produced from 148 extrusion billets and cabled in unit lengths of 2.65 km. All strands within a cable can unambiguously be identified by distinctive patterns of the NbTi filaments. The statistics of Ic measurements, n-value, copper RRR and (Cu + Nb)/NbTi ratio are presented. Since the strands are subjected to potentially dangerous high temperatures and mechanical strain during the different conductor production steps it was important to trace the critical current properties of the strand as it progressed through the conductor fabrication process. The paper presents results of Ic measurement, which were performed on all individual strands extracted from conductor samples taken at each step of the manufacturing process. The comparison among the measurements assured accurate quality control during the whole process of conductor production. In addition, Ic measurements in fields up to 6 T on the complete CMS conductors using the MaRiSA test facility are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Aluminum stabilized super-conductors
KW  - CMS solenoid
KW  - NbTi
KW  - strand properties
N1  - Accession Number: 16274541; Blau, B. 1; Email Address: bertrand.blau@psi.ch; Campi, D. 2; Curé, B. 2; Greco, M. 3; Kircher, F. 4; Liikarnaa, R. 5; Seppälä, J. 5; Smith, R. 6; Vieillard, L. 4; Affiliations: 1: Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.; 2: CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.; 3: INFN-Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy.; 4: CEA Saclay, Dapnia/STCM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.; 5: Outokumpu Poricopper Oy, 28330 Pori, Finland.; 6: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p548; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum stabilized super-conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMS solenoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: NbTi; Author-Supplied Keyword: strand properties; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829716
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bird, Mark D.
AU  - Bole, Scott
AU  - Gundlach, Scott
AU  - Kenney, Steve
AU  - Miller, John
AU  - Toth, Jack
AU  - Zeller, Al
T1  - Cryostat Design and Fabrication for the NHMFL/NSCL Sweeper Magnet.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 564
EP  - 567
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida and the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory in East Lansing, Michigan have been collaborating on the design and construction of a large-gap, compact superconducting sweeper magnet for nuclear physics experiments. The magnet consists of two NbTi D-shaped coils and 20 tons of magnet iron in a "C" configuration. The coils were successfully bucket tested in their support structures during the summer of 2002. The design of the cryostat was completed in late 2002 and construction is nearly completed. System testing is expected to occur late in 2003. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Large gap dipole
KW  - superconducting dipole
N1  - Accession Number: 16274545; Bird, Mark D. 1; Email Address: bird@magnet.fsu.edu; Bole, Scott 1; Email Address: bole@magnet.fsu.edu; Gundlach, Scott 1; Email Address: gundlach@magnet.fsu.edu; Kenney, Steve 1; Email Address: kenneys@magnet.fsu.edu; Miller, John 1; Email Address: miller@magnet.fsu.edu; Toth, Jack 1; Email Address: toth@magnet.fsu.edu; Zeller, Al 2; Email Address: zeller@nscl.msu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; 2: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, MI, 48824 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p564; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large gap dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting dipole; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829720
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274545&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogitsu, Toru
AU  - Makida, Yasuhiro
AU  - Kobayashi, Takashi
AU  - Ajima, Yasuo
AU  - Doi, Yoshikuni
AU  - Higasba, Norio
AU  - Iwamoto, Yosuke
AU  - Ichikawa, Atsuko
AU  - Kimura, Nobuhiro
AU  - Nakamoto, Tatsushi
AU  - Ohhata, Hirokatsu
AU  - Shintomi, Takakazu
AU  - Takasaki, Minoru
AU  - Tanaka, Ken-ichi
AU  - Terashima, Akio
AU  - Yamamoto, Akira
AU  - Obana, Tetsuhiro
AU  - Anerella, Michael
AU  - Escallier, John
AU  - Gupta, Ramesh
T1  - Superconducting Magnet System at the 50 GeV Proton Beam Line for the J-PARC Neutrino Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 604
EP  - 607
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A neutrino oscillation experiment using the J-PARC 50 GeV 0.75 MW proton beam is planned as a successor to the K2K project currently being operated at KEK. A superconducting magnet system is required for the arc section of the primary proton beam line to be within the space available at the site. A system with 28 combined function magnets is proposed to simplify the system and optimize the cost. The required fields for the magnets are 2.6 T dipole and 19 T/m quadrupole. The magnets are also required to have a large aperture, 173.4 mm diameter, to accommodate the large beam emittance. The magnets will be protected by cold diodes and cooled by forced flow supercritical helium produced by a 4.5 K, 2∼2.5 kW refrigerator. This paper reports the system overview and the design status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - DIODES
KW  - VACUUM tubes
KW  - Beam line
KW  - combined function magnet
KW  - neutrino superconducting magnet
N1  - Accession Number: 16274555; Ogitsu, Toru 1; Email Address: toru.ogitsp@kek.jp; Makida, Yasuhiro 1; Kobayashi, Takashi 1; Ajima, Yasuo 1; Doi, Yoshikuni 1; Higasba, Norio 1; Iwamoto, Yosuke 1; Ichikawa, Atsuko 1; Kimura, Nobuhiro 1; Nakamoto, Tatsushi 1; Ohhata, Hirokatsu 1; Shintomi, Takakazu 1; Takasaki, Minoru 1; Tanaka, Ken-ichi 1; Terashima, Akio 1; Yamamoto, Akira 1; Obana, Tetsuhiro 2; Email Address: obana@post.kek.jp; Anerella, Michael 3; Escallier, John 3; Gupta, Ramesh 3; Affiliations: 1: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801 Japan.; 2: Graduate University of Advanced Science.; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p604; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: VACUUM tubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam line; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined function magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrino superconducting magnet; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274555&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakamoto, Tatsushi
AU  - Higashi, Norio
AU  - Ogitsu, Toru
AU  - Terashima, Akio
AU  - Ajima, Yasuo
AU  - Anerella, Michael
AU  - Gupta, Rarnesh
AU  - Hattori, Hisashi
AU  - Ichihara, Tadashi
AU  - Iwamoto, Yosuke
AU  - Kimura, Nobuhiro
AU  - Makida, Yasuhiro
AU  - Obana, Tetsuhiro
AU  - Tanaka, Ken-ichi
AU  - Wanderer, Peter
AU  - Yamamoto, Akira
T1  - Design of Superconducting Combined Function Magnets for the 50 GeV Proton Beam Line for the J-PARC Neutrino Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 616
EP  - 619
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Superconducting combined function magnets will be utilized for the 50 GeV-750 kW proton beam line for the J-PARC neutrino experiment and an R&D program has been launched at KEK. The magnet is designed to provide a combined function with a dipole field of 2.59 T and a quadrupole field of 18.7 T/m in a coil aperture of 173.4 mm. A single layer coil is proposed to reduce the fabrication cost and the coil arrangement in the 2-D cross-section results in left-right asymmetry. This paper reports the design study of the magnet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - DIPOLE moments
N1  - Accession Number: 16274558; Nakamoto, Tatsushi 1; Email Address: tatsushi.nakamoto@kek.jp; Higashi, Norio 1; Ogitsu, Toru 1; Terashima, Akio 1; Ajima, Yasuo 1; Anerella, Michael 2; Gupta, Rarnesh 2; Hattori, Hisashi 1; Ichihara, Tadashi 1; Iwamoto, Yosuke 1; Kimura, Nobuhiro 1; Makida, Yasuhiro 1; Obana, Tetsuhiro 3; Email Address: obana@post.kek.jp; Tanaka, Ken-ichi 1; Wanderer, Peter 2; Email Address: wanderer@bnl.gov; Yamamoto, Akira 1; Affiliations: 1: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan.; 2: Superconducting Magnet Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 3: Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p616; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274558&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coccoli, M.
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
AU  - Calvi, M.
AU  - Caspi, S.
AU  - Chiesa, L.
AU  - Hafalia, R.
AU  - Higley, H. C.
AU  - Dietderich, D. R.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
AU  - Lietzke, A.
AU  - McInturff, A. D.
AU  - Sabbi, G.
T1  - Fabrication and Performance of Nb3Sn Rutherford-Type Cable With Cu Added as a Separate Component.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 971
EP  - 974
SN  - 10518223
AB  - From the standpoint of overall conductor cost, it is desirable to minimize the amount of Cu that is co-processed with the superconductor during strand fabrication. We are investigating several approaches for fabricating multistrand cables in which the Cu is added at the final, i.e., cabling, stage of manufacture. These include mixed strand Rutherford-type cables with pure Cu strands cabled together with superconductor strands that have a low volume fraction of Cu, Cu added as a core to a Rutherford-type cable, and Cu strip added to the surface of the cable. Results on fabrication of several alternate types of Nb3Sn cables are presented. The more promising types of mixed strand and cored cables are being evaluated in short sample and small magnet tests. These results will be presented and the performance will be compared with conventional Rutherford cables where the Cu is an integral component of the superconductor strand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CABLES
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - POWER transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 16274644; Coccoli, M. 1; Email Address: Mircd.Coccoli@cem.ch; Scanlan, R. M. 2; Calvi, M. 1; Caspi, S. 2; Chiesa, L. 2; Hafalia, R. 2; Higley, H. C. 2; Dietderich, D. R. 2; Gourlay, S. A. 2; Lietzke, A. 2; McInturff, A. D. 2; Sabbi, G. 2; Affiliations: 1: CERN, Geneva 23, 1211 Switzerland.; 2: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p971; Subject Term: CABLES; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: POWER transmission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332618 Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332619 Other fabricated wire product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830342
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274644&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasegawa, Takayo
AU  - Nishioka, Junichi
AU  - Ohtam, Nozomu
AU  - Hikichi, Yasuo
AU  - Scanlan, Ronald
AU  - Gupta, Ramesh
AU  - Hirano, Naoki
AU  - Nagaya, Shigeo
T1  - 12 kA HTS Rutherford Cable.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1066
EP  - 1069
SN  - 10518223
AB  - One of the advantages of Bi-2212 is that a high Jc value can be obtained in wires with various shapes and filament configurations. Realization of a high Jc round wire made it possible to fabricate many kinds of cable developed for applications of low temperature superconductors (LTC). We successfully fabricated a 30-strand Rutherford cable using 0.8 mmd round wire. Optimization of cabling factor enables to reduce the Ic degradation at the cable edge. Ic values were about 650-750 A at 65 K in a noninductive winding condition, which corresponds to 11-13 kA at 4.2 K in self-field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - WIRE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
N1  - Accession Number: 16274668; Hasegawa, Takayo 1; Email Address: k840353@snt1.swcc.co.jp; Nishioka, Junichi 1; Email Address: k890224@snt1.swcc.co.jp; Ohtam, Nozomu 1; Email Address: k930025@snt1.swcc.co.jp; Hikichi, Yasuo 1; Email Address: k930367@snti1.swccco.jp; Scanlan, Ronald 2; Email Address: rseanlan@lbl.gov; Gupta, Ramesh 3; Email Address: gupta@bnl.gov; Hirano, Naoki 4; Email Address: nagaya.sbigeo@chuden.co.jp; Nagaya, Shigeo 4; Email Address: hirano.naoki@chuden.co.jp; Affiliations: 1: Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd., Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-1133, Japan.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS46-161, Berkeley, CA USA.; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory,Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 4: Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Ohdakacho, Midori-ku, Nagoya 459-8522, Japan.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1066; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109ITASC.2004.830408
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274668&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ke Han
AU  - Sims, James R.
AU  - Swanson, Chuck A.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
T1  - Reinforcement Materials for High Field Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1141
EP  - 1144
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The material programs related to the fabrication of various magnets include the selection and characterization of reinforcement materials and the development of fabrication routes for these materials. Stainless Steels (SS), Elgiloy and MP3SN were studied for their potential use as the reinforcement materials. The fabrication routes include the annealing, deformation and aging. The SS materials were tested in deformed and annealed conditions, whereas Elgiloy and MP3SN were tested in aged conditions be- cause of the strengthening effects of aging. Examination of the microstructure and mechanical properties of these materials reveals that the microstructures developed during the fabrication influence the mechanical response of the materials to the Lorentz force and other external forces. The strengthening mechanisms of these materials have been considered in details and related to the possible mechanical response to the Lorentz forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
N1  - Accession Number: 16274687; Ke Han 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu; Sims, James R. 2; Swanson, Chuck A. 1; Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 1; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Thllahassee, FL 32310 USA.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1141; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830449
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274687&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
AU  - Han, Ke
AU  - Bednar, Neil A.
AU  - Swenson, Chuck A.
AU  - Walsh, Robert
T1  - Materials for 100 T Monocoil Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1153
EP  - 1156
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The development of improved conductors and reinforcement materials is instrumental for the achievement of ultra-high fields with monolithic magnets. They have the advantage that there is no coupling between the coils of the traditional two-coil systems, and that the magnet can be built much smaller, and it has longer pulse times. The fields that can be achieved are determined by the strain limitation of the conductor, and the strength and stiffness of the reinforcement. We have investigated the material requirements for this type of magnet to define the objectives for material development. It follows that future material development activities for reliable 100 T magnets should focus on conductors with the following specifications (all values are at 77 K): a) Ultimate conductor strength of 1.2 GPa, b) Conductivity of 500 percent IACS, c) 10 percent strain to failure, d) Fatigue strength of I GPa at about 5000 full load cycles from tensile stress at peak pulse to compressive stress after the pulse of about 0.6 GPa. It is equally important to improve the reinforcement materials. At the NHMFL, we use with great success a combination of Zylon fiber and MP3SN superalloy. We have increased the isotropic strength of MP3SN at 77 K to 2.6 GPa (modulus 240 GPa), and are working on further improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
N1  - Accession Number: 16274690; Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 1; Email Address: smuntau@magnet.fsu.edu;; Han, Ke 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu; Bednar, Neil A. 1; Email Address: bednar@magnet.fsu.edu; Swenson, Chuck A. 1; Email Address: swenson@magnet.fsu.edu; Walsh, Robert 1; Email Address: walsh@magne.fsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1153; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830461
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274690&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Anerella, M.
AU  - Cozzolino, J.
AU  - Escallier, J.
AU  - Ganetis, G.
AU  - Ghosh, A.
AU  - Harrison, M.
AU  - Marone, A.
AU  - Muratore, J.
AU  - Schmalzle, J.
AU  - Sampson, W.
AU  - Wanderer, P.
T1  - Status of High Temperature Superconductor Magnet R&D at BNL.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1198
EP  - 1201
SN  - 10518223
AB  - We report the status and test results of the High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) cable and magnet R&D at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). If successful, this will enhance the performance and reduce the cost of operation of magnets that must absorb a large amount of energy. The need for developing this technology has been seen in a number of high field magnet applications for high energy colliders, and a medium field application in the proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA). The likelihood of the future use of HTS is improving because of the availability of longer and more uniform length tapes and cables and because of the ongoing construction and test experience at BNL and elsewhere. The design of a super-ferric quadrupole, that must survive the very high radiation environment of RIA, and operate at 20-40 K, is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 16274701; Gupta, R. 1; Email Address: gupta@bnl.gov; Anerella, M. 1; Cozzolino, J. 1; Escallier, J. 1; Ganetis, G. 1; Ghosh, A. 1; Harrison, M. 1; Marone, A. 1; Muratore, J. 1; Schmalzle, J. 1; Sampson, W. 1; Wanderer, P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1198; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830526
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274701&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swenson, C. A.
AU  - Marshall, W. S.
AU  - Miller, E. L.
AU  - Pickard, K. W.
AU  - Gavrilin, A. V.
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Schnejder-Muntau, H. J.
T1  - Pulse Magnet Development Program at NHMFL.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1233
EP  - 1236
SN  - 10518223
AB  - In 1989, the NHMFL Pulsed Magnetic Field User Facility was set up at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Two programs were initially conceived: 1) The construction of a 60 T long pulse magnet energized by the 600 MJ, 540 MW generator, and 2) a high field magnet program for the 1.6 MJ/32 mF capacitor bank with an operating range of 10 kV. These magnets are designed and built at the NHMFL. Our pulse coil development has its roots in the work accomplished by the group in Leuven which served as a starting point for our technical development programs. After having established the technology, we have focused our efforts on increased reliability. Our present user magnet design is based upon the use of distributed MP35N and Zylon reinforcement. These 60 T short pulse (5.7 ms pulse rise time) and 50 T mid-pulse (40 ms pulse rise time) magnets have become the "workhorse" magnets of the Pulsed Magnetic Field User Facility since the failure of the first 60 T long pulse magnet. Coil longevities of 1500 shots, of which half are at full field, are becoming the standard. Presently, the short pulse group is engaged in several programs to increase the science opportunities at our user facility. The development activities encompass fast-cool magnet systems, allowing a shot at least every 20 minutes, the production of a new generation of user coils for higher fields, and a 100 T insert. We present a technical overview of our development programs and new coil designs, including materials development and characterization, identifying those areas critical to progress toward even more reliable and stronger magnetic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - CAPACITORS
N1  - Accession Number: 16274710; Swenson, C. A. 1; Marshall, W. S. 1; Miller, E. L. 1; Pickard, K. W. 1; Gavrilin, A. V. 1; Han, K. 1; Schnejder-Muntau, H. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: U.S. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1233; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830538
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274710&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, Wm. Scott
AU  - Swenson Jr., Charles A.
AU  - Gavrilin, Andy V.
AU  - Rickel, Dwight G.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
T1  - Development of 'Poly-Layer' Assembly Technology for Pulsed Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1241
EP  - 1244
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Historically the analysis of pulsed magnets has indicated that a coil assembly comprised by a layer-by-layer graded conductor coil is nearly optimum. Additionally the layer-to-layer winding transitions, associated with monolithic coil construction, are problematic and often the source of catastrophic failure in pulsed coils. FEA analysis of transition structures has confirmed the lessons of operational experience. Additionally the layer-to-layer winding transitions present an unacceptable risk a short circuit fault to the reinforcement structure. These attributes of monolithic coil construction have limited the fields where pulsed magnets can be operated to approximately 60 T. Several operational issues arise above this field: coil reliability degrades, and the time required to cool the magnet between shots is increased, since higher field monolithic coils require large amounts of distributed internal reinforcement to limit conductor strain. We are developing a new `poly-layer' coil construction to address these engineering requirements. In this construction, each layer is wound separately on a forming mandrel, and then installed onto an assembly mandrel. Spool pieces are installed at each end to support the lead exits as they transition out of the windings. Each layer is joined in series with the next in a joint structure that is constrained in the radial and circumferential directions, but free to move with the coil in the axial direction. Furthermore, the coil reinforcement is used to support the lead in the transition region between the windings and the joint. The new design represents a change in our manufacturing template that is intended to allow development of higher field coils. This paper will report design details and the results from prototype testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances -- Protection
KW  - ELECTRIC circuit breakers
KW  - ELECTRIC circuits
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
N1  - Accession Number: 16274712; Marshall, Wm. Scott 1; Email Address: smarshal@magaet.fsu.edu; Swenson Jr., Charles A. 1; Gavrilin, Andy V.; Rickel, Dwight G. 2; Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 1; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; 2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Pulsed Field Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1241; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances -- Protection; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuit breakers; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuits; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830542
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274712&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
AU  - Toth, Jack
AU  - Weijers, Huub W.
T1  - Generation of the Highest Continuous Magnetic Fields.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1245
EP  - 1252
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The generation of the highest magnetic fields is a true challenge to the magnet designer and a stimulus for the materials scientist. Record fields are achieved through a successful interplay between the precise understanding of the physics of magnets, the detailed knowledge and conscious use of the available materials, and a design that optimizes all the different parameters. We describe three technologies essential for the generation of the highest magnetic fields: coils wound from high-temperature superconductors (HTS) operated at liquid helium temperatures in a background field; high-power resistive magnets; and hybrid magnets, which combine the advantages of resistive and super-conducting magnets. HTS show high current densities at elevated fields confirmed so far by measurements up to 33 T. In spite of the strain limitation of the conductor, insert coils up to 3.2 T have been built at different laboratories for a total field of 23.5 T. Recently a record field of 25 T using a 5 T Bi2Sr2 CaCu2Ox superconducting insert coil has been achieved at the NHMFL. For resistive magnets, dramatic improvements in magnet design, such as the Florida-Bitter magnet, and new materials, such as the microcomposite CuAg, have made it possible that magnetic fields can now be generated that exceed the fields that hybrid magnets produced 10 years ago. Today, 33 T are provided on a routine basis with resistive magnets. The highest continuous magnetic field ever of 45 T is obtained with a new generation of hybrid magnets. It is available for scientific research in our user facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - LIQUID helium
N1  - Accession Number: 16274713; Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 1; Email Address: smuntau@magnet.fsu.edu; Toth, Jack 1; Email Address: toth@magnet.fsu.edu; Weijers, Huub W. 1; Email Address: weijers@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1245; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: DESIGN; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830543
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274713&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bird, M. D.
AU  - Dixon, I. R.
AU  - Toth, J.
T1  - Design of the Next Generation of Florida-Bitter Magnets at the NHMFL.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1253
EP  - 1256
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida designs, builds and operates the world's highest field dc resistive magnets, providing fields up to 33 T in purely resistive systems and up to 45 T in resistive-superconducting hybrids. The next generation of magnets is presently being designed and will use technology developed for our hybrid to upgrade the field in our various resistive magnets. Coil designs are presented for the following 20 MW dc systems: 1) a new 50 mm bore magnet expected to provide 32 T, 2) a new 32 mm bore magnet expected to provide 35 T, and 3) a new high-homogeneity magnet expected to provide 30 T with inhomogeneity of 50 ppm or less over a 10 mm diameter spherical volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - BONDED magnets
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16274714; Bird, M. D. 1; Email Address: bird@magnet.fsu.edu; Dixon, I. R. 1; Email Address: dixon@magnet.fsu.su; Toth, J. 1; Email Address: toth@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32306 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1253; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: BONDED magnets; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830545
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274714&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixon, I. R.
AU  - Markiewicz, W. D.
AU  - Murphy, P.
AU  - Painter, T. A.
AU  - Powell, A.
T1  - Quench Detection and Protection of the Wide Bore 900 MHz NMR Magnet at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1260
EP  - 1263
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A wide bore, high resolution NMR magnet with a proton resonance frequency of 900 MHz, field of 21.1 T, and stored energy of 40 MJ has been designed and fabricated at the NHMFL. The magnet has five Nb3Sn and five NbTi coils, each of which contains stainless steel strip heaters. An active protection system with analog quench detection circuitry is employed to determine the onset of a quench and to subsequently open a superconducting protection switch and energize a portion of the strip heater network. A passive protection system with diode sets and shunting resistors exist for redundancy. Details of the protection system are presented and its performance during the magnet's bucket test are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SWITCHING circuits
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - DIODES
KW  - STEEL
KW  - IRON
N1  - Accession Number: 16274716; Dixon, I. R. 1; Email Address: dixon@magnet.fsu.edu; Markiewicz, W. D. 2; Email Address: markwcz@magnet.fsu.edu; Murphy, P. 2; Email Address: murphy@magnet.fsu.edu; Painter, T. A. 2; Email Address: painter@magnet.fsu.edu; Powell, A. 2; Email Address: powell@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310 USA.; 2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1260; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SWITCHING circuits; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: IRON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830547
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274716&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bird, Mark D.
T1  - Florida-Helix Resistive Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1271
EP  - 1275
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A new technology is being developed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida, USA for generating very high DC fields. The technique preserves the best features of the Florida-Bitter technology that has become the international standard for resistive magnets while eliminating the slit inherent in all disk solenoids. Thus, higher current densities and average stresses can be supported. While continuous helices for high field resistive magnets have been built at various laboratories, the new Florida-Helix shows potential to surpass today's state-of-the-art for field-to-power ratios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SOLENOIDS -- Magnetic fields
N1  - Accession Number: 16274719; Bird, Mark D. 1; Email Address: bird@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1271; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS -- Magnetic fields; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830551
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274719&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, John R.
AU  - Bird, Mark D.
T1  - A New Series-Connected Hybrid Magnet System for the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1283
EP  - 1286
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) proposes to build a new hybrid magnet system with three specific goals: 1) address the needs of users requiring high homogeneity, high temporal stability, and long residence times at moderately high fields; 2) enhance user service through use of a single 10 MW power supply (allowing simultaneous operation of multiple systems); and 3) make the system attractive in terms of combined capital and operating costs. The basic configuration will be a Series-Connected Hybrid, wherein resistive insert and superconducting outsert are connected in series and powered by a single 10-MW unit (20 kA and 500 V) of the NHMFL dc power system, a configuration with advantages for handling faults and off-normal operating conditions and with improved temporal stability. Specific design goals are 35 T, 10-ppm uniformity over a 10-mm DSV, and access for 40-mm diameter probes. By powering the superconducting outsert with 20-kA high-temperature-super-conductor (HTS) current leads, cryogenic loads are kept small, substantially smaller even than the present 45-T Hybrid. The net result is a magnet design: 1) with capability for both higher field and higher field quality than present resistive-only systems, 2) that permits simultaneous service of two or more users, 3) that is sufficiently compact to fit within the standard resistive-magnet cell, 4) whose ease of operation is comparable to resistive-only systems, and 5) whose lifetime cost (including construction and operation) can be significantly lower than comparable resistive-only systems. We discuss details of the existing conceptual design, the methodology for its creation, the perceived development needs, and the projected program to realize this system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - OVERHEAD costs
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - HYBRID power systems
N1  - Accession Number: 16274722; Miller, John R. 1; Email Address: miller@magnet.fsu.edu; Bird, Mark D. 1; Email Address: bird@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1283; Thesaurus Term: POWER resources; Thesaurus Term: OVERHEAD costs; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC power production; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: HYBRID power systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830554
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274722&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Painter, Thomas A.
AU  - Dixon, Lain R.
AU  - Markiewicz, W. Denis
T1  - Voltage Spike and Magnet Quench Behavior in the NHMFL 900 MHz Bucket Test.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1613
EP  - 1616
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The NHMFL 105 mm wide bore 900 MHz NMR magnet and protection system were tested in an open bucket cryostat as a qualification test of the integrated system for the first time. The relevant aspects of the superconducting magnet configuration and bucket test operation are discussed. The unique voltage spike and magnet quench behavior are described. A discussion is provided to substantiate the thesis that interface instabilities are the cause of the quenches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETS
N1  - Accession Number: 16274800; Painter, Thomas A. 1; Email Address: painter@magnet.fsu.edu; Dixon, Lain R. 1; Email Address: dixon@magnet.fsu.edu; Markiewicz, W. Denis 1; Email Address: markwcz@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310 USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1613; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.831011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274800&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wanderer, Peter
AU  - John Escallier
AU  - Ganetis, George
AU  - Jain, Animesh
AU  - Louie, Wing
AU  - Marone, Andrew
AU  - Thomas, Richard
T1  - Development of a Precise Magnetic Field Measurement System for Fast-Changing Magnetic Fields.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1826
EP  - 1829
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Several recent applications for fast ramped magnets have been found that require precise measurement of the time-dependent fields. In one instance, accelerator dipoles will be ramped at 1 T/sec, with measurements needed to the typical level of accuracy for accelerators, ΔB/B better than 0.01%. To meet this need, we have begun development of a system containing 16 stationary pickup windings that will be sampled at a high rate. It is hoped that harmonics through the decapole can be measured with this system. Precise measurement of the time-dependent harmonics requires that both the pickup windings and the voltmeters be nearly identical. To minimize costs, printed circuit boards are being used for the pickup windings and a combination of amplifiers and ADC's for voltmeters. In addition, new software must be developed for the analysis. The paper will present a status report on this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRINTED circuits industry
KW  - COST control
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - ELECTRIC circuits
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
N1  - Accession Number: 16274853; Wanderer, Peter 1; Email Address: wanderer@bnl.gov; John Escallier 1; Email Address: escallie@bnl.gov; Ganetis, George 1; Email Address: ganetis1@bnl.gov; Jain, Animesh 1; Email Address: jain@bnl.gov; Louie, Wing 1; Email Address: louie@bnl.gov; Marone, Andrew 1; Email Address: andym@bnl.gov; Thomas, Richard 1; Email Address: thomas1@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Superconducting Magnet Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1826; Thesaurus Term: PRINTED circuits industry; Thesaurus Term: COST control; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334418 Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334412 Bare Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830872
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16274853&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, R. P.
AU  - Campi, D.
AU  - Curé, B.
AU  - Gaddi, A.
AU  - Gerwig, H.
AU  - Grillet, J.-P.
AU  - Hervé, A.
AU  - Klyukhin, V. I.
AU  - Loveless, R.
T1  - Measuring the Magnetic Field in the CMS Steel Yoke Elements.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1830
EP  - 1833
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Flux loops and Hall probes are being installed on selected segments of the steel flux return of the 4 T solenoid of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector under construction at CERN (European Center for Nuclear Research). This steel also serves as part of the muon detection system of CMS and accurate characterization of the magnetic flux density in the steel as elsewhere in the detector is required. Voltages induced in the flux loops during fast discharge of the solenoid will be sampled and integrated to measure the change in average flux density in the steel during the discharge. Hall probes mounted on the surface of the steel segments will provide information about the fields internal and external to the steel. In the laboratory work reported herein small iron discs with flux loops on their peripheries and hall probes on their flat surfaces are magnetized between the pole tips of a laboratory standard magnet and controlled power supply. The voltages induced in the flux loops during charging and discharging of the magnet are integrated and compared with the hall probes which sample the fields immediately external to the discs. The experimental work reported here will provide interpretation of the flux coil and hall probe measurements from the CMS magnet when it is commissioned in 2005. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - STEEL
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 16274854; Smith, R. P. 1; Email Address: rpsmith@fnal.gov; Campi, D. 2; Curé, B.; Gaddi, A. 2; Email Address: firstname.lastname@cern.ch; Gerwig, H. 2; Email Address: firstname.lastname@cern.ch; Grillet, J.-P. 2; Email Address: firstname.lastname@cern.ch; Hervé, A. 2; Email Address: firstname.lastname@cern.ch; Klyukhin, V. I. 3; Email Address: vyacheslav.klyukin@cern.ch; Loveless, R. 4; Email Address: loveless@hep.physics.wisc.edu; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 2: CERN, the European Center for Nuclear Research, CH 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland; 3: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscuow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia and at the CERN Laboratory; 4: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1830; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830873
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, J. Torquil
AU  - Morrison, H. Frank
T1  - Estimating Equivalent Dipole Polarizabilities for the Inductive Response of Isolated Conductive Bodies.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1208
EP  - 1214
SN  - 01962892
AB  - Away from a conductive body, secondary magnetic fields due to currents induced in the body by a time-varying external magnetic field are approximated by (equivalent) magnetic dipole fields. Approximating the external magnetic field by its value at the location of the equivalent magnetic dipoles, the equivalent magnetic dipoles' strengths are linearly proportional to the external magnetic field, for a given time dependence of external magnetic field, and are given by the equivalent dipole polarizability matrix. The polarizability matrix and its associated equivalent dipole location are estimated from magnetic field measurements made with at least three linearly independent polarizations of external magnetic fields at the body. Uncertainties in the polarizability matrix elements and its equivalent dipole location are obtained from analysis of a linearized inversion for polarizability and dipole location. Polarizability matrix uncertainties are independent of the scale of the polarizability matrix. Dipole location uncertainties scale inversely with the scale of the polarizability matrix. Uncertainties in principal polarizabilities and directions are obtained from the sensitivities of eigenvectors and eigenvalues to perturbations of a symmetric matrix. In application to synthetic data from a magnetic conducting sphere and to synthetic data from an axially symmetric elliptic conducting body, the estimated polarizability matrices, equivalent dipole locations, and principal polarizabilities and directions are consistent with their estimated uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - DIPOLE antennas
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC induction
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - UNEXPLODED ordnance
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - Dipole polarizabilities
KW  - electromagnetic induction
KW  - unexploded ordnance (UXO)
N1  - Accession Number: 13613061; Smith, J. Torquil 1; Morrison, H. Frank 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p1208; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: DIPOLE antennas; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: UNEXPLODED ordnance; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipole polarizabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: unexploded ordnance (UXO); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TGRS.2004.826789
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, J. Torquil
AU  - Morrison, H. Frank
AU  - Becker, Alex
T1  - Resolution Depths for some Transmitter-Receiver Configurations.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1215
EP  - 1221
SN  - 01962892
AB  - Equivalent dipole polarizability matrices and equivalent dipole location are a convenient way to interpret magnetic field data due to currents induced in isolated conductive objects. The uncertainties in polarizability estimates and in the equivalent dipole location provide a quantitative measure of the performance of different configurations of transmitters and receivers. In another paper, we estimate these uncertainties using a linearized inversion. For many systems, consisting of one or more rectangular loop transmitters and a number of dipole receivers, sited on a horizontal grid, equivalent dipole depth is determined to 10% accuracy to depths approximately 20% deeper than the depths at which polarizability matrix elements can be determined to the same precision. Systems that have a lower product of rms polarizability uncertainty and square root of their number of transmitter-receiver pairs are considered more effective for the number of transmitter-receiver pairs. Among the systems studied, a system with three orthogonal transmitter loops and a three-component receiver is the most effective, for objects shallower than 0.6 times the instrument siting grid spacing, yielding an rms polarizability uncertainty 0,04 times that of a single-transmitter single-receiver system. At intermediate depths, a system with two vertical component receivers on the diagonal of a square horizontal transmitter loop is most effective for its number of transmitter-receiver pairs, yielding an rms polarizability uncertainty 0.07 limes that of a single receiver system. At depths greater than 2.5 times, the siting grid spacing a three-orthogonal loop transmitter with a single vertical component receiver is about the most effective for its number of transmitter-receiver pairs, yielding an rms polarizability uncertainty 0.08 limes that of a single-transmitter system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO transmitter-receivers
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC induction
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - UNEXPLODED ordnance
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - Dipole polarizabilities
KW  - electromagnetic induction
KW  - unexploded ordnance
N1  - Accession Number: 13613062; Smith, J. Torquil 1; Morrison, H. Frank 1; Becker, Alex 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p1215; Subject Term: RADIO transmitter-receivers; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: UNEXPLODED ordnance; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipole polarizabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: unexploded ordnance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TGRS.2004.826788
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DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Qishi
AU  - Rao, Nageswara S.V.
AU  - Barhen, Jacob
AU  - Iyengar, S. Sitharama
AU  - Vaishnavi, Vijay K.
AU  - Qi, Hairong
AU  - Chakrabarty, Krishnendu
T1  - On Computing Mobile Agent Routes for Data Fusion in  Distributed Sensor Networks.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
PY  - 2004/06//
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 740
EP  - 753
SN  - 10414347
AB  - The problem of computing a route for a mobile agent that incrementally fuses the data as it visits the nodes in a distributed sensor network is considered. The order of nodes visited along the route has a significant impact on the quality and cost of fused data, which, in turn, impacts the main objective of the sensor network, such as target classification or tracking. We present a simplified analytical model for a distributed sensor network and formulate the route computation problem in terms of maximizing an objective function, which is directly proportional to the received signal strength and inversely proportional to the path loss and energy consumption. We show this problem to be NP-complete and propose a genetic algorithm to compute an approximate solution by suitably employing a two-level encoding scheme and genetic operators tailored to the objective function We present simulation results for networks with different node sizes and sensor distributions, which demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithm over two existing heuristics, namely, local closest first and global closest first methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - COMBINATORIAL optimization
KW  - MOBILE agents (Computer software)
KW  - INTELLIGENT agents (Computer software)
KW  - SENSOR networks
KW  - MULTISENSOR data fusion
N1  - Accession Number: 13353097; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p740; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL optimization; Subject Term: MOBILE agents (Computer software); Subject Term: INTELLIGENT agents (Computer software); Subject Term: SENSOR networks; Subject Term: MULTISENSOR data fusion; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 14p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herskovits, Edward H.
AU  - Peng, Hanchuan
AU  - Davatzikos, Christos
T1  - A Bayesian Morphometry Algorithm.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
PY  - 2004/06//
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 23
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 723
EP  - 737
SN  - 02780062
AB  - Most methods for structure-function analysis of the brain in medical images are usually based on voxel-wise statistical tests performed on registered magnetic resonance (MR) images across subjects. A major drawback of such methods is the inability to accurately locate regions that manifest nonlinear associations with clinical variables. In this paper, we propose Bayesian morphological analysis methods, based on a Bayesian-network representation, for the analysis of MR brain images. First, we describe how Bayesian networks (BNs) can represent probabilistic associations among voxels and clinical (function) variables. Second, we present a model-selection framework, which generates a BN that captures structure-function relationships from MR brain images and function variables. We demonstrate our methods in the context of determining associations between regional brain atrophy (as demonstrated on MR images of the brain), and functional deficits. We employ two data sets for this evaluation: the first contains MR images of 11 subjects, where associations between regional atrophy and a functional deficit are almost linear; the second data set contains MR images of the ventricles of 84 subjects, where the structure-function association is nonlinear. Our methods successfully identify voxel-wise morphological changes that are associated with functional deficits in both data sets, whereas standard statistical analysis (i.e., t-test and paired t-test) fails in the nonlinear-association case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - BRAIN diseases -- Diagnosis
KW  - BRAIN -- Radiography
N1  - Accession Number: 13484734; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 23 Issue 6, p723; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: BRAIN diseases -- Diagnosis; Subject Term: BRAIN -- Radiography; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 15p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMI.2004.826949
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoshioka, T.
AU  - Nomachi, M.
AU  - Artamanov, A.
AU  - Bhuyan, B.
AU  - Frank, J. S.
AU  - Fujiwara, T.
AU  - Higa, K.
AU  - Kettell, S. H.
AU  - Komatsubara, T. K.
AU  - Konaka, A.
AU  - Kozjevnikov, A.
AU  - Kushnirenko, A.
AU  - Muramatsu, N.
AU  - Nakano, T.
AU  - Nomura, T.
AU  - Petrenko, S.
AU  - Poutissou, R.
AU  - Redlinger, G.
AU  - Sekiguchi, T.
AU  - Shinkawa, R.
T1  - Upgrade of the Level-0 Trigger System for BNL-E949.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
EP  - 339
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new programmable trigger board and digital mean-timer modules using complex programmable logic device have been introduced to the trigger system of the BNL-E949 experiment. The online dead time was reduced from 4.0% to 1.7% by introducing an on-chip prescaler to the programmable trigger board. The acceptance loss of the online photon veto was reduced from 4.9% to 1.8% by introducing the mean-timer modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - TRIGGER circuits
KW  - PROGRAMMABLE logic devices
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - MODULES (Algebra)
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - Complex programmable logic device (CPLD)
KW  - field-programmable gate array (FPGA)
KW  - mean-timer
KW  - trigger.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163677; Yoshioka, T. 1; Email Address: tyosioka@post.kek.jp; Nomachi, M. 2; Artamanov, A. 3; Bhuyan, B. 4; Frank, J. S. 5; Fujiwara, T. 6; Higa, K. 2; Kettell, S. H. 5; Komatsubara, T. K. 1; Konaka, A. 6; Kozjevnikov, A. 3; Kushnirenko, A. 7; Muramatsu, N. 8; Nakano, T. 1,9; Nomura, T. 5; Petrenko, S. 3; Poutissou, R. 6; Redlinger, G. 5; Sekiguchi, T. 10; Shinkawa, R. 1; Affiliations: 1: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.; 2: Osaka University Laboratory for Nuclear Studies (OULNS), Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan.; 3: Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP), Protvino, Moscow 142284, Russia.; 4: National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 5: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.; 7: TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.; 8: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 9: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.; 10: Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p334; Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: TRIGGER circuits; Subject Term: PROGRAMMABLE logic devices; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: MODULES (Algebra); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex programmable logic device (CPLD); Author-Supplied Keyword: field-programmable gate array (FPGA); Author-Supplied Keyword: mean-timer; Author-Supplied Keyword: trigger.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109rFNS.2004.828867
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abolins, M.
AU  - Ban, J.
AU  - Bystricky, J.
AU  - Calvet, D.
AU  - Chapin, D.
AU  - Edmunds, D.
AU  - Evans, H.
AU  - Han, L.
AU  - Heintz, U.
AU  - Hildreth, M.
AU  - Hirosky, R.
AU  - Johns, K.
AU  - Johnson, M.
AU  - Laurens, P.
AU  - Le Dû, P.
AU  - Mitrevski, J.
AU  - Narain, M.
AU  - Olsen, J.
AU  - Padley, P.
AU  - Parsons, J.
T1  - The Run IIb Trigger Upgrade for the DØ Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
EP  - 344
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The increase in instantaneous luminosity anticipated in Run IIb of the Tevatron collider at Fermilab requires increased background rejection capabilities from the trigger system of the Dø detector. A set of upgrades is under way to improve triggering at level 1 in the calorimeter and tracker, and at level 2 in the silicon track trigger and software triggers. Reductions of up to a factor of ten on the rates of high transverse momentum triggers are anticipated with the upgrades described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - TEMPERATURE measuring instruments
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Clustering methods
KW  - digital filters
KW  - field programmable gate arrays
KW  - hadrons
KW  - particle collisions
KW  - tracking
KW  - triggering.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163678; Abolins, M. 1; Email Address: abolins@pa.msu.edu; Ban, J. 2; Email Address: ban@nevis.columbia.edu; Bystricky, J. 3; Email Address: bystri@hep.saclay.cea.fr; Calvet, D. 4; Email Address: calvet@hep.saclay.cea.fr; Chapin, D. 5; Email Address: dpchapin@fnal.gov; Edmunds, D. 1; Email Address: edmunds@pa.msu.edu; Evans, H. 2; Email Address: evans@nevis.columbia.edu; Han, L. 6; Email Address: hanl@fnal.gov; Heintz, U. 7; Email Address: heintz@bu.edu; Hildreth, M. 8; Email Address: mikeh@fnal.gov; Hirosky, R. 9; Email Address: hirosky@virginia.edu; Johns, K. 10; Email Address: johns@fnal.gov; Johnson, M. 11; Email Address: mjohnson@fnal.gov; Laurens, P. 1; Email Address: laurens@pa.msu.edu; Le Dû, P. 4; Email Address: ledu@hep.saclay.cea.fr; Mitrevski, J. 2; Email Address: jmitrevs@nevis.columbia.edu; Narain, M. 7; Email Address: narain@bu.edu; Olsen, J. 11; Email Address: jamieson@fnal.gov; Padley, P. 12; Email Address: padley@phsyics.rice.edu; Parsons, J. 2; Email Address: parsons@nevis.columbia.edu; Affiliations: 1: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA; 2: Nevis - Labs, Columbia University, NY 10027 USA.; 3: Centre National de Ia Recherçhe Scientifique, CEA, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.; 4: Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.; 5: Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA.; 6: University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K.; 7: Boston University, Boston, MA 02115 USA.; 8: University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556 USA.; 9: University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.; 10: University of Arizona, Theson, AZ 85721 USA.; 11: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60501 USA.; 12: Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p340; Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measuring instruments; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Clustering methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: digital filters; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate arrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: hadrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.828811
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olsen, Jamieson
AU  - Anderson, John
AU  - Angstadt, Robert
AU  - Babukhadia, Levan
AU  - Bhauacharjee, Mrinmoy
AU  - Blazey, Gerald
AU  - Borcherding, Fred
AU  - Connolly, Brian
AU  - Cooke, Michael
AU  - Desai, Satish
AU  - Evans, David
AU  - Grannis, Paul
AU  - Grilnendahl, Stefan
AU  - Hu, Yuan
AU  - Jam, Vivek
AU  - Johnson, Marvin
AU  - Linn, Stephan
AU  - Lizarazo, Juan
AU  - Maravin, Yurii
AU  - Martin, Manuel
T1  - The DØ Central Track Trigger.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 350
SN  - 00189499
AB  - An overview of the system architecture and algorithms used for the Dø Central Track Trigger (CTT) in the Run 2 of the Fermilab Tevatron Proton-Antiproton Collider is presented. This system uses information from the newly commissioned Central Fiber Tracker and Preshower Detectors to generate Level 1 trigger decisions. It also generates lists of seed tracks and preshower clusters that are sent to the Level 1 Muon Trigger, L2 Silicon Track Trigger, and Central and Forward Preshower Level 2 preprocessors. The system consists of modular boards which utilize field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to implement trigger algorithms. The system delivers trigger decisions every 132 ns, based on input data flowing at a maximum sustained rate of 475 gigabits per second. The first results of trigger efficiency studies are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - PROTON-antiproton interactions
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - PROGRAMMABLE logic devices
N1  - Accession Number: 14163679; Olsen, Jamieson 1; Email Address: jamieson@fnal.gov; Anderson, John 1; Angstadt, Robert 1; Babukhadia, Levan 2; Bhauacharjee, Mrinmoy 2; Blazey, Gerald 3; Borcherding, Fred 1; Connolly, Brian 4; Cooke, Michael 5; Desai, Satish 2; Evans, David 6; Grannis, Paul 2; Grilnendahl, Stefan 1; Hu, Yuan 2; Jam, Vivek 7; Johnson, Marvin 1; Linn, Stephan 4; Lizarazo, Juan 8; Maravin, Yurii 1; Martin, Manuel 3; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.; 3: NICADDINIU, Northern Illinois University, DeKaib, IL 60115 USA.; 4: Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; 5: Rice University, TW Bonner Nuclear Lab, Houston, TX 77251 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, U.K.; 7: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 8: Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p345; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: PROTON-antiproton interactions; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: PROGRAMMABLE logic devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.828703
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Annovi, Alberto
AU  - Bardi, Antonio
AU  - Campanelli, Mario
AU  - Carosi, Roberto
AU  - Catastini, Pierluigi
AU  - Cavasinni, Vincenzo
AU  - Cern, Alessandro
AU  - Clarri, Allan
AU  - Dell'Orso, Mauro
AU  - Del Prete, Tarcisio
AU  - Dotti, Andrea
AU  - Fern, Giampiero
AU  - Giagu, Stefano
AU  - Giannetti, Paola
AU  - Lannaccone, Giuseppe
AU  - La Malfa, Michele
AU  - Morsani, Fabio
AU  - Punzi, Giovanni
AU  - Rescigno, Marco
AU  - Roda, Chiara
T1  - Hadron Collider Triggers With High-Quality Tracking at Very High Event Rates.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 400
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We propose precise and fast-track reconstruction at hadron collider experiments, for use in online trigger decisions. We describe the features of fast-track (FTK), a highly parallel processor dedicated to the efficient execution of a fast-tracking algorithm. The hardware-dedicated structure optimizes speed and size; these parameters are evaluated for the ATLAS experiment. We discuss some applications of high-quality tracks available to the trigger logic at an early stage, by using the LHC environment as a benchmark. The most interesting application is online selection of b-quarks down to very low transverse momentum, providing interesting hadronic samples: examples are Z0 → &bbar;, potentially useful for jet calibration, and multi-b final states for supersymmetric Higgs searches. The paper is generated from outside the ATLAS experiment and has not been discussed by the ATLAS collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - DATABASE management
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Parallel processing
KW  - particle tracking
KW  - pattern matching
KW  - triggering
KW  - very large scale integration.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163686; Annovi, Alberto 1; Email Address: alberto.annovi@pi.infn.it; Bardi, Antonio 2; Email Address: antonio.bardi@pi.infn.it; Campanelli, Mario 3; Email Address: mario.campanelli@mail.cem.ch; Carosi, Roberto 2; Email Address: roberto.carosi@pi.infn.it; Catastini, Pierluigi 1; Email Address: pierluigi.catastini@pi.infn.it; Cavasinni, Vincenzo 1; Email Address: vincenzo.cavasinni@pi.infn.it; Cern, Alessandro 3; Email Address: allan.clark@mail.cem.ch; Clarri, Allan 4; Email Address: acerri@lbl.gov; Dell'Orso, Mauro 1; Email Address: mauro.dellorso@pl.infn.it; Del Prete, Tarcisio 2; Email Address: tarcisio.delprete@pi.infn.it; Dotti, Andrea 1; Email Address: andrea.dotti@pi.infn.it; Fern, Giampiero 1; Email Address: giampiero.ferri@pi.infn.it; Giagu, Stefano 5; Email Address: stefano.giagu@romal.infn.it; Giannetti, Paola 2; Email Address: paola.giannetti@pi.infn.it; Lannaccone, Giuseppe 5; Email Address: giannaccone@iet.unipi.it; La Malfa, Michele 6; Email Address: michele.lamalfa@pi.infn.it; Morsani, Fabio 2; Email Address: fabio.morsani@pi.infn.it; Punzi, Giovanni 7; Email Address: giovanni.punzi@pi.infn.it; Rescigno, Marco 8; Email Address: shochet@hep.uchicago.edu; Roda, Chiara 9; Email Address: chiara.roda@pi.infn.it; Affiliations: 1: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; 2: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Pisa, Italy.; 3: Departement de Physique Nucleaire et Corpuscolaire, Université de Genève, CH-121 1 Genève, Switzerland.; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 5: Dipartimento di Fisica, La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.; 6: Enrico Fermi Institute and the Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.; 7: Dipartimento di Ingegneria deli' Informazione, Univer- sità di Pisa, 1-56 126 Nsa, Italy.; 8: Scuola Normale, 56126 Pisa, italy.; 9: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleate, Pisa, Italy, and also with the Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p391; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Thesaurus Term: DATABASE management; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern matching; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering; Author-Supplied Keyword: very large scale integration.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11 09/TNS.2004.828639
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14163686&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Angstadt, R.
AU  - Brooijmans, G.
AU  - Chapin, D.
AU  - Clements, M.
AU  - Cutts, D.
AU  - Haas, A.
AU  - Hauser, R.
AU  - Johnson, M.
AU  - Kulyavtsev, A.
AU  - Mattingly, S. E. K.
AU  - Mulders, M.
AU  - Padley, P.
AU  - Petravick, D.
AU  - Rechenmacher, R.
AU  - Snyder, S.
AU  - Watts, G.
T1  - The DZERO Level 3 Data Acquisition System.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 450
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The DZERO experiment began RunII data taking operation at Fermilab in spring 2001. The physics program of the experiment requires the Level 3 data acquisition (DAQ) system system to handle average event sizes of 250 kilobytes at a rate of 1 kHz. The system routes and transfers event fragments of approximately 1-20 kilobytes from 63 VME crate sources to any of approximately 100 processing nodes. It is built upon a Cisco 6509 Ethernet switch, standard PCs, and commodity VME single board computers (SBCs). The system has been in full operation since spring 2002. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ETHERNET (Local area network system)
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - LOCAL area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - VME (Computer bus)
KW  - Computer networks
KW  - data acquisition
KW  - monitoring
KW  - physics
KW  - triggering.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163694; Angstadt, R. 1; Brooijmans, G. 1; Chapin, D. 2; Email Address: chapin@hep.brown.edu; Clements, M. 2; Cutts, D. 2; Haas, A. 3; Hauser, R. 4; Johnson, M. 1; Kulyavtsev, A. 1; Mattingly, S. E. K. 2; Mulders, M. 3; Padley, P. 3; Petravick, D. 1; Rechenmacher, R. 1; Snyder, S. 5; Watts, G. 3; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA.; 3: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.; 4: Michigan State University, Easst Lansing, MI 48824 USA. P. Padley is with Rice University, Houstaon, TX 77251 USA.; 5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p445; Thesaurus Term: ETHERNET (Local area network system); Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: PERSONAL computers; Thesaurus Term: LOCAL area networks (Computer networks); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: VME (Computer bus); Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.828785
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14163694&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belias, A.
AU  - Crone, G. J.
AU  - Harris, E. Falk
AU  - Howcroft, C.
AU  - Madani, S.
AU  - Nicholls, T. C.
AU  - Pearce, G. F.
AU  - Reyna, D. E.
AU  - Tagg, N.
AU  - Thomson, M. A.
T1  - The MINOS Data Acquisition System.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
EP  - 455
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The MINOS long-baseline neutrino experiment consists of two detectors separated by 730 km. Both are equipped with identical data acquisition (DAQ) systems, based on continuous, dead time free readout. Data are read from the untriggered front-end electronics by VME single board computers and transferred across high-speed PCI data links for consolidation by data routing processors. An array of Linux computers selects events of interest using software-based trigger algorithms. We present the design of the DAQ system and report on experience gathered during early operation of the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - computer networks
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - data buses
KW  - programming.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163695; Belias, A. 1; Crone, G. J. 2; Harris, E. Falk 3; Howcroft, C. 4; Madani, S. 1; Nicholls, T. C. 1; Email Address: t.c.nicholls@rl.ac.uk; Pearce, G. F. 1; Reyna, D. E. 5; Tagg, N. 6; Thomson, M. A. 4; Affiliations: 1: CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX1 1 OQX, U.K.; 2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 68T, U.K.; 3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton, EN1 9QJ, U.K.; 4: Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 OHE, U.K.; 5: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, U.K.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p451; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: data buses; Author-Supplied Keyword: programming.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.8285 18
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14163695&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LeVine, Micheal J.
AU  - Stancu, S.
AU  - Haeberli, Christian
AU  - Tremblet, L.
AU  - Beuran, R.
AU  - Meirosu, C.
AU  - Dobinson, R. W.
AU  - Martin, B.
AU  - Knezo, E.
AU  - Beck, Hans Peter
AU  - Hauser, Reiner
AU  - Botterill, D.
T1  - Validation of the Atlas Trigger/Daq Network Architecture Using Hardware Data Emulators.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 544
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Hardware data emulators are used to deploy a large- scale model of the ATLAS data acquisition architecture. The emulators, based on FPGAs and on the Alteon gigabit Ethernet NIC, are described, and their performance determined. The emulators are used in the large-scale test bed; sample results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ETHERNET (Local area network system)
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - LOCAL area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - ATLAS (Computer program language)
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - AUTOMATIC test equipment
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - emulators
KW  - Ethernet
KW  - networks.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163710; LeVine, Micheal J. 1; Email Address: levine@bnl.gov; Stancu, S. 2; Haeberli, Christian 3; Tremblet, L. 4; Beuran, R. 2; Meirosu, C. 2; Dobinson, R. W. 4; Martin, B. 4; Knezo, E. 4; Beck, Hans Peter 3; Hauser, Reiner 5; Botterill, D. 6; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: CERN, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland, and the "Politehnica" University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Rumania.; 3: Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.; 4: CERN, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; 5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823 USA.; 6: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, U.K.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p539; Thesaurus Term: ETHERNET (Local area network system); Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: LOCAL area networks (Computer networks); Subject Term: ATLAS (Computer program language); Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC test equipment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: emulators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethernet; Author-Supplied Keyword: networks.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 109/TNS.2004.829381
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14163710&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christian Haeberli
AU  - Andre Dos Anjos
AU  - Hans Peter Beck
AU  - Andre Bogaerts
AU  - David Botterill
AU  - Szymon Gadomski
AU  - Piotr Golonka
AU  - Reiner Hauser
AU  - Micheal J. Levine
AU  - Remigius Mommsen
AU  - Valena Perez Reale
AU  - Stefan Nicolae Stancu
AU  - Jim Schiereth
AU  - Per Werner
AU  - Fred Wickens
AU  - Haimo Zobernig
T1  - ATLAS TDAQ DataCollection Software.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 585
EP  - 590
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The DataCollection (DC) is a subsystem of the ATLAS Trigger and DAQ system. It is responsible for the movement of event dab from the ReadOut subsystem to the Second Level Trigger and to the Event Filter. This functionality is distributed on several software applications running on Linux PCs interconnected with Gigabit Ethernet. For the design and implementation of these applications a common approach has been adopted. This approach leads to the design and implementation of a common DC software framework providing a suite of common senrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ETHERNET (Local area network system)
KW  - DATABASE management
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - LOCAL area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - ATLAS (Computer program language)
KW  - AUTOMATIC test equipment
KW  - ATLAS
KW  - Dataflow
KW  - Event Filter
KW  - Large Hardron Collider (LHC)
KW  - object oriented application framework
KW  - Second Level Trigger
KW  - TDAQ.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163718; Christian Haeberli 1; Email Address: christian.haeberli@cern.ch; Andre Dos Anjos 2; Hans Peter Beck 1; Andre Bogaerts 3; David Botterill 4; Szymon Gadomski 1; Piotr Golonka 3; Reiner Hauser 5; Micheal J. Levine 6; Remigius Mommsen 7; Valena Perez Reale 1; Stefan Nicolae Stancu 3; Jim Schiereth 8; Per Werner 3; Fred Wickens 4; Haimo Zobernig 9; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.; 2: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, COPPEIEE, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; 3: CERN, CH-121 1 Geneva 23, Switzerland.; 4: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX1OQX, U.K.; 5: Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.; 6: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 7: University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.; 8: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; 9: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p585; Thesaurus Term: ETHERNET (Local area network system); Thesaurus Term: DATABASE management; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: LOCAL area networks (Computer networks); Subject Term: ATLAS (Computer program language); Subject Term: AUTOMATIC test equipment; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATLAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dataflow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Event Filter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large Hardron Collider (LHC); Author-Supplied Keyword: object oriented application framework; Author-Supplied Keyword: Second Level Trigger; Author-Supplied Keyword: TDAQ.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.828601
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14163718&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharjee, Sudeep
AU  - Booske, John H.
AU  - Kory, Carol L.
AU  - van der Weide, Dan W.
AU  - Limbach, Steve
AU  - Gallagher, S.
AU  - Welter, John D.
AU  - Lopez, Mike R.
AU  - Gilgenbach, Ronald M.
AU  - Ives, R. Lawrence
AU  - Read, Michael E.
AU  - Divan, Ralu
AU  - Mancini, D. C.
T1  - Folded Waveguide Traveling-Wave Tube Sources for Terahertz Radiation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1002
EP  - 1014
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Microfabricated folded waveguide traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) are potential compact sources of wide-band, high-power terahertz radiation. We present feasibility studies of an oscillator concept using an amplifier with delayed feedback. Simulations of a 560-GHz oscillator and experimental evaluation of the concept at 50 GHz are presented. Additionally, results from various fabrication methods that are under investigation, such as X-ray lithography, electroforming, and molding (LIGA), UV LIGA, and deep reactive ion etching are presented. Observations and measurements are reported on the generation of stable single-frequency oscillation states. On varying the feedback level, the oscillation changes from a stable single-frequency state at the threshold to multifrequency spectra in the overdriven state. Simulation and experimental results on amplifier characterization and dynamics of the regenerative TWT oscillator include spectral evolution and phase stability of the generated frequencies. The results of the experiment are in good agreement with the simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRAVELING-wave tubes
KW  - PLASMA waveguides
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - VACUUM-tube amplifiers
KW  - X-ray lithography
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14268230; Bhattacharjee, Sudeep 1; Email Address: sudeepb@ece.wisc.edu; Booske, John H. 1; Kory, Carol L. 2; van der Weide, Dan W. 1; Limbach, Steve 1; Gallagher, S. 1; Welter, John D. 1; Lopez, Mike R. 3; Gilgenbach, Ronald M. 3; Ives, R. Lawrence 4; Read, Michael E. 4; Divan, Ralu 5; Mancini, D. C. 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; 2: Analex Corporation, NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.; 3: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml 48105 USA.; 4: Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., Saratoga, CA 95070 USA.; 5: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1002; Subject Term: TRAVELING-wave tubes; Subject Term: PLASMA waveguides; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: VACUUM-tube amplifiers; Subject Term: X-ray lithography; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.828886
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14268230&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chia-Lie Chang
AU  - Antonsen Jr., Thomas M.
AU  - Chernin, David P.
AU  - Levush, Baruch
AU  - Nelson, Eric M.
AU  - Petillo, John J.
AU  - Whaley, David R.
T1  - Calculation of DC Space-Charge Fields in a Traveling-Wave Amplifier in the Large Signal Regime.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1028
EP  - 1039
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A fully two-dimensional (2-D) de space charge model has been implemented in a large-signal traveling-wave amplifier code. The simulation algorithm takes an iterative approach by alternately solving the Poisson equation and the beam trajectory equations to converge toward a self-consistent steady-state solution. This approach is similar to that employed in steady-state gun codes. However, it is well known from gun simulations that the iterative algorithm can be slow to converge. We have found the slow convergence is due to a convective numerical instability. To speed up convergence, we implemented and tested stabilization schemes based on mixing one-dimensional and 2-D Poisson potentials during the iteration cycles. These schemes are shown to accelerate convergence considerably. The fully 2-D dc space-charge model permits accurate treatment of the axial dc space-charge field in the computation of the large signal gain and efficiency, taking into account the fast variation of beam parameters along the device axis. Therefore, it can be applied to a mismatched beam with large scalloping motion. The methodology of incorporating dc space charge is general and could be incorporated in other large signal codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - TRAVELING-wave amplifiers
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - POISSON'S equation
KW  - CODING theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14268232; Chia-Lie Chang 1; Email Address: changc@saic.com; Antonsen Jr., Thomas M. 2; Chernin, David P. 1; Levush, Baruch 3; Nelson, Eric M. 4; Petillo, John J. 5; Whaley, David R. 6; Affiliations: 1: Science Applications International Corporation. McLean, VA 22012 USA.; 2: Departments of Electrical Engineering and Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA.; 3: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; 4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 5: Science Applications International Corporation, Burlington, MA 01803 USA.; 6: L-3 Communications Corporation, New York, NY 10016 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1028; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: TRAVELING-wave amplifiers; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: POISSON'S equation; Subject Term: CODING theory; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wöhlbier, John G.
AU  - Booske, John H.
AU  - Dobson, Ian
T1  - On the Physics of Harmonic Injection in a Traveling Wave Tube.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
EP  - 1085
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The physics of signal injection to shape the output spectrum in a traveling wave tube (TWT) is studied using an analytic solution to the approximate nonlinear S-MUSE model and with the large signal code LATTE. The results verify the long-standing conjecture that a frequency canceled by signal injection is composed of a component due to the injected signal and a component due to the nonlinearity of the TWT. Further- more, the structures of the solutions are exploited to explain and predict behavior for various signal injection schemes. The scenarios studied include second harmonic injection to reduce the second harmonic and enhance the fundamental, multiple harmonic injection to eliminate the sensitive output power dependence on injected phase, second harmonic injection to reduce intermodulation distortion, and multiple signal injection to reduce the intermodulation spectrum. Insights are given regarding the effectiveness of an injection depending on whether the injected signal is within or outside the linear gain bandwidth of the TWT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRAVELING-wave tubes
KW  - TRAVELING-wave amplifiers
KW  - MICROWAVE tubes
KW  - CODING theory
KW  - CODE generators
KW  - MODULATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14268237; Wöhlbier, John G. 1; Email Address: wohlbier@lanl.gov; Booske, John H. 2; Email Address: booske@engr.wisc.edu; Dobson, Ian 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1073; Subject Term: TRAVELING-wave tubes; Subject Term: TRAVELING-wave amplifiers; Subject Term: MICROWAVE tubes; Subject Term: CODING theory; Subject Term: CODE generators; Subject Term: MODULATION theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.828820
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopez, Mike R.
AU  - Gilgenbach, Ronald M.
AU  - Jones, Michael C.
AU  - White, William M.
AU  - Jordan, David W.
AU  - Johnston, Mark D.
AU  - Strickler, Trevor S.
AU  - Neculaes, V. Bogdan
AU  - Yue Ying Lau
AU  - Spencer, Thomas A.
AU  - Haworth, Michael D.
AU  - Cartwright, Keith L.
AU  - Mardahl, Peter J.
AU  - Luginsland, John W.
AU  - Price, David
T1  - Relativistic Magnetron Driven by a Microsecond B-Beam Accelerator With a Ceramic Insulator.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1171
EP  - 1180
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Relativistic magnetron experiments performed on a six-cavity device have generated over 300 MW total microwave power near 1 GHz. These experiments were driven by the long- pulse electron beam from an accelerator with parameters as follows: voltage of -300 kV, current of 1-JO kA, and typical pulse-length of 0.5 μs. This paper reports investigations of high-power microwave generation, mode competition, and pulse shortening for the relativistic magnetron with a ceramic insulator compared to a plastic insulator. The ceramic insulator improves the vacuum by a factor of ten (to 107 torr range) and flattens the voltage of the accelerator. Relativistic magnetron performance with the ceramic insulator shows increased microwave power and pulselength over the plastic insulator. Effects of RF breakdown in the extraction wave- guide on peak microwave power and pulselength are also investigated by utilizing SF6 in one or both of the extraction waveguides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - GYRATORS
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - MICROWAVE transmission lines
KW  - RADIO technology -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 14268247; Lopez, Mike R. 1; Gilgenbach, Ronald M. 2; Email Address: rongilg@umich.edu; Jones, Michael C. 2; White, William M. 2; Jordan, David W. 2; Johnston, Mark D. 2; Strickler, Trevor S. 2; Neculaes, V. Bogdan 2; Yue Ying Lau 2; Spencer, Thomas A. 3; Haworth, Michael D. 3; Cartwright, Keith L. 3; Mardahl, Peter J. 3; Luginsland, John W. 4; Price, David 5; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 7l85-1193 USA.; 2: Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Ml 48 109-2104 USA.; 3: Air Force Research Laboratory, Phillips Site, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117-5776 USA.; 4: Numerex, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.; 5: Titan Corporation, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1171; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: GYRATORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: MICROWAVE transmission lines; Subject Term: RADIO technology -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.828898
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Eric M.
AU  - Petillo, John J.
T1  - An Analysis of the Basic Space-Charge-Limited Emission Algorithm in a Finite-Element Electrostatic Gun Code.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1223
EP  - 1235
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Bean-currents computed with a general-purpose gun code can exhibit puzzling behavior as the mesh is refined. To understand such behavior, we analyze the convergence, with respect to element size, of the basic space-charge-limited (SCL) emission algorithm in a one-dimensional (1-D) finite-element electrostatic gun model. With the current density fixed at the Child's law value, we find that the relative error of the potential at the first vertex adjacent to the cathode does not converge to zero, but rather increases as the mesh is refined. Convergence of the basic SCL emission algorithm, which depends on said error, is due instead to the increasing sensitivity of the potential to the current density. The current density converges slowly from above to the Child's law value, with a maximum error of 2.7 % and ultimately with a sublinear convergence rate of 2/3. Tests on a three-dimensional parallel plate geometry with unstructured meshes of tetrahedral elements demonstrate that in- sight from the 1-D model applies to a general-purpose code. The behavior is similar to the 1-D model, but with a maximum error of 4.3%. Thus, using an unstructured mesh instead of a smooth structured mesh introduces only a modest additional error to the beam current. Based on the analysis of the 1-D model, we present two scaled SCL emission algorithms. The first exhibits linear convergence from below. The second limits the maximum error to 0.9%. Similar scalings can be employed in general-purpose gun codes to improve the accuracy of the computed beam current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - CATHODE ray tubes
KW  - ELECTRON tubes
KW  - CATHODES
N1  - Accession Number: 14268254; Nelson, Eric M. 1; Email Address: enelson@lanl.gov; Petillo, John J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Science Applications International Corporation. Burlington. MA 01803 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1223; Thesaurus Term: FINITE element method; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: CATHODE ray tubes; Subject Term: ELECTRON tubes; Subject Term: CATHODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.828796
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J.
T1  - Biosensor Systems for Homeland Security.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
EP  - 42
SN  - 10648208
AB  - The detection of biological agents is important for minimizing the effects of pathogens that can harm people, livestock, or plants. In addition to pathogens distributed by man, there is a need to detect natural outbreaks. The types of biological agents of concern include bacteria, spores, protozoa, and viruses. From a chemist's viewpoint, pathogens are essentially complex packages of chemicals that are assembled into organized packages with somewhat predictable physical characteristics such as size and shape.
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - PROTOZOA
KW  - BACTERIAL spores
KW  - CHEMICALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13949366; Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J. 1; Email Address: cindy.bruckner-lea@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Staff Scientist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; Issue Info: Summer2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p36; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: PROTOZOA; Subject Term: BACTERIAL spores; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rashkeev, S. N.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Pantelides, S. T.
T1  - HYDROGEN AT THE Si/SiO2 INTERFACE:: FROM ATOMIC-SCALE CALCULATIONS TO ENGINEERING MODELS.
JO  - International Journal of High Speed Electronics & Systems
JF  - International Journal of High Speed Electronics & Systems
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
EP  - 580
SN  - 01291564
AB  - Two contrasting behaviors have been observed for H in Si/SiO2 structures: a) Radiation experiments established that protons released in SiO2 migrate to the Si/SiO2 interface where they induce new defects; b) For oxides exposed first to high-temperature annealing and then to molecular hydrogen, mobile positive charge believed to be protons can be cycled to and from the interface by reversing the oxide electric field. First-principles density functional calculations identify the atomic-scale mechanisms for the two types of behavior and conditions that are necessary for each. Using the results of the atomic-scale calculations we develop a model for enhanced interface-trap formation at low dose rates due to space charge effects in the base oxides of bipolar devices. We find that the hole trapping in the oxide cannot be responsible for all the Enhanced Low-Dose-Rate Sensitivity (ELDRS) effects in SiO2, and the contribution of protons is also essential. The dynamics of interface-trap formation are defined by the relation between the proton mobility (transport time of the protons across the oxide) and the time required for positive-charge buildup near the interface due to trapped holes. The analytically estimated and numerically calculated interface-trap densities are found to be in very good agreement with available experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of High Speed Electronics & Systems is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ENGINEERING models
KW  - MODELS & modelmaking
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - bipolar transistors
KW  - interface phenomena
KW  - radiation effects
KW  - space technology
KW  - space technology.
N1  - Accession Number: 14220412; Rashkeev, S. N. 1; Fleetwood, D. M. 1,2; Schrimpf, R. D. 2; Pantelides, S. T. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.A..; 2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.A..; 3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A..; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p575; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ENGINEERING models; Subject Term: MODELS & modelmaking; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: bipolar transistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: space technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: space technology.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Maser, J.
AU  - Vogt, S.
AU  - Paunesku, T.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
T1  - Workshop on Biological Applications of X-ray Microscopy and Imaging.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 80
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
EP  - 461
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Reports on the workshop on the biological applications of X-ray microscopy and imaging held at Argonne National Laboratory in Argonne, Illinois. Duration of the workshop; Speakers of the workshop; Topics discussed by speakers.
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - RADIOBIOLOGY
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - RADIOSCOPIC diagnosis
KW  - ARGONNE (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13728207; Lai, B. 1; Maser, J. 1,2; Vogt, S. 1; Paunesku, T. 2; Woloschak, G. E. 2; Email Address: g-woloschak@northwestren.edu; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 80 Issue 6, p459; Subject: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject: MOLECULAR biology; Subject: RADIOBIOLOGY; Subject: MICROSCOPY; Subject: RADIOSCOPIC diagnosis; Geographic Terms: ARGONNE (Ill.); ILLINOIS; UNITED States; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106592661
T1  - High-throughput measurement of 41Ca by accelerator mass spectrometry to quantitate small changes in individual human bone turnover rates.
AU  - Hillegonds DJ
AU  - Fitzgerald R
AU  - Herold D
AU  - Lin Y
AU  - Vogel JS
Y1  - 2004/06//
N1  - Accession Number: 106592661. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050311. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: US Dept of Energy by the University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-Y8 and the National Center for Research Resources Grant No. RR13461. 
KW  - Biological Markers -- Analysis
KW  - Bone Remodeling -- Evaluation
KW  - Mass Spectrometry
KW  - Radioisotopes -- Diagnostic Use
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - In Vitro Studies
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 99
EP  - 102
JO  - JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JF  - JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JA  - JALA
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
CY  - New York, New York
PB  - Elsevier Science
AB  - Biochemical markers of bone turnover suffer from large analytical and natural fluctuations (20-30%), making small differences in bone resorption impossible to resolve. This limits the clinical utility of such markers for individuals with the skeletal complications associated with many disease states (e.g., metastatic cancer, renal failure, osteoporosis). We are developing the capability to measure small changes (5-10%) in bone turnover rate in vivo by tagging the living skeleton with [41]Ca. Among the stable and radioactive calcium isotopes, only [41]Ca is useful for direct quantitation of bone turnover because it is extremely rare in nature and radiologically benign (105 years half-life, pure electron capture decay). The ratio of this tracer to total calcium remains quantifiable in body fluids and excreta via accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for many years following a single physiological-sized oral or intravenous dose. The highly automated AMS instrumentation and streamlined sample preparation allows a single operator to prepare or run more than 100 samples per day--significantly more than other [41]Ca programs worldwide. We intend to exploit these measurements for earlier diagnosis of pathological processes and interactive intervention with therapeutic agents, allowing modulation of these agents to obtain the best individual result for a patient.
SN  - 1535-5535
AD  - Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, L-397, Livermore, CA 94551; hillegonds1@llnl.gov
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bo Song
AU  - Weinong Chen
AU  - Frew, Danny J.
T1  - Dynamic Compressive Response and Failure Behavior of an Epoxy Syntactic Foam.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 915
EP  - 936
SN  - 00219983
AB  - The high-strain-rate compressive behavior of an epoxy syntactic foam is examined in this study. A pulse-shaped split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB), modified for low-impedance material testing, was used to ensure that the samples deformed under dynamic equilibrium and at a nearly constant strain-rate. Dynamic stress equilibrium in the specimen was monitored for each experiment using piezoelectric force transducers mounted close to the specimen end-faces. Quasi-static experiments were also conducted to demonstrate rate effects of the foam, as well as to study its failure behavior. It was determined that the compressive strength of the foam increased with strain rate up to a transition strain rate of between 550 and 1030s-1. For experiments conducted at strain rates above this transition range, strain-rate-induced damage caused the compressive strength of the foam to decrease. Based on the experimental results, a constitutive model with strain-rate and damage effects was developed, which described the test data well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FAILURE analysis (Engineering)
KW  - FOAM
KW  - BARS (Engineering)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Testing
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC transducers
KW  - compressive response
KW  - constitutive model
KW  - epoxy syntactic foam
KW  - failure behavior
KW  - split Hopkinson pressure bar
KW  - strain-rate sensitivity
N1  - Accession Number: 13708133; Bo Song 1; Weinong Chen 2; Email Address: weinong@u.arizona.edu; Frew, Danny J. 3; Source Information: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p915; Subject: FAILURE analysis (Engineering); Subject: FOAM; Subject: BARS (Engineering); Subject: MATERIALS -- Testing; Subject: PIEZOELECTRIC transducers; Author-Supplied Keyword: compressive response; Author-Supplied Keyword: constitutive model; Author-Supplied Keyword: epoxy syntactic foam; Author-Supplied Keyword: failure behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: split Hopkinson pressure bar; Author-Supplied Keyword: strain-rate sensitivity; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304040552
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Draper, Bruce L.
AU  - Okandan, Murat
AU  - Mani, Seethambal S.
AU  - Bennett, R.S.
T1  - A Novel Method of Fabricating Integrated FETs for MEMS Applications.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
J1  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
PY  - 2004/06//
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 500
EP  - 504
SN  - 10577157
AB  - This paper demonstrates a simple technique for building n-channel MOSFETs and complex micromechanical systems simultaneously instead of serially, allowing a more straightforward integration of complete systems. The fabrication sequence uses few additional process steps and only one additional masking layer compared to a MEMS-only technology. The process flow forms the MOSFET gate electrode using the first level of mechanical polycrystalline silicon, while the MOSFET source and drain regions are formed by dopant diffusions into the substrate from subsequent levels of heavily doped poly that is used for mechanical elements. The process yields devices with good, repeatable electrical characteristics suitable for a wide range of digital and analog applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13673433; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p500; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 5p; ; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 4 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.828735
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernstein, Jonathan J.
AU  - Taylor, William P.
AU  - Brazzle, John D.
AU  - Corcoran, Christopher J.
AU  - Kirkos, Gregory
AU  - Odhner, Jefferson E.
AU  - Pareek, Ajay
AU  - Waelti, Marc
AU  - Zai, Marvin
T1  - Electromagnetically Actuated Mirror Arrays for Use in 3-D Optical Switching Applications.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
J1  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
PY  - 2004/06//
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 526
EP  - 535
SN  - 10577157
AB  - This paper presents an electromagnetic MEMS mirror technology for use in 3-D optical switching applications. These mirrors may be actuated through large angles at low voltage and low current. Multiple coils on the backs of the mirrors interact with permanent magnetic fields to provide two-axis orthogonal actuation. A custom package brings the MEMS mirror array and magnets into close proximity. Actuation is linear versus drive current on both axes, and displays negligible charging and drift. These mirrors have achieved greater than 10° mechanical rotation per mA in each axis. The mirror rotation angle is hysteresis free to less than the 0.01° measurement accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MIRRORS
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - TRANSDUCERS
KW  - MICROMACHINING
N1  - Accession Number: 13673436; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p526; Subject Term: MIRRORS; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: TRANSDUCERS; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 10p; ; Illustrations: 16 Black and White Photographs, 7 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.828705
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=13673436&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perrey, C. R.
AU  - Carter, C. B.
AU  - Michael, J. R.
AU  - Kotula, P. G.
AU  - Stach, E. A.
AU  - Radmilovic, V. R.
T1  - Using the FIB to characterize nanoparticle materials.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 214
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
EP  - 236
SN  - 00222720
AB  - In the 1–100-nm size regime, the properties of materials can differ significantly from those of their bulk counterparts. The present study applies the focused ion beam (FIB) tool to the characterization of nanoscale structures for scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The strength of this method is its ability to manufacture samples that cannot be produced using traditional means. The films of nanoparticles examined here are examples of such systems; the films are found to be not fully dense, composed of chemically heterogeneous areas and mechanically different from the substrate. Distinct advantages of the application of the FIB for characterization of nanoscale structures are highlighted for several nanoparticle structures. This successful application of FIB techniques provides a pathway to integrate the study of nanoscale production techniques and their resulting structure–property relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SAMPLE introduction (Chemistry)
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 13154331; Perrey, C. R. 1; Carter, C. B. 1; Email Address: carter@cems.umn.edu; Michael, J. R. 2; Kotula, P. G. 2; Stach, E. A. 3; Radmilovic, V. R. 3; Source Information: Jun2004, Vol. 214 Issue 3, p222; Subject: NANOPARTICLES; Subject: SAMPLE introduction (Chemistry); Subject: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; Subject: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject: MICROSCOPY; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0022-2720.2004.01325.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=13154331&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Nakagawa, Seiji
AU  - Nihei, Kurt T.
AU  - Myer, Larry R.
T1  - Plane wave solution for elastic wave scattering by a heterogeneous fracture.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 115
IS  - 6
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 2761
EP  - 2772
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A plane-wave method for computing the three-dimensional scattering of propagating elastic waves by a planar fracture with heterogeneous fracture compliance distribution is presented. This method is based upon the spatial Fourier transform of the seismic displacement-discontinuity (SDD) boundary conditions (also called linear slip interface conditions), and therefore, called the wave-number-domain SDD method (wd-SDD method). The resulting boundary conditions explicitly show the coupling between plane waves with an incident wave number component (specular component) and scattered waves which do not follow Snell's law (nonspecular components) if the fracture is viewed as a planar boundary. For a spatially periodic fracture compliance distribution, these boundary conditions can be cast into a linear system of equations that can be solved for the amplitudes of individual wave modes and wave numbers. We demonstrate the developed technique for a simulated fracture with a stochastic (correlated) surface compliance distribution. Low- and high-frequency solutions of the method are also compared to the predictions by low-order Born series in the weak and strong scattering limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC waves -- Scattering
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - LINEAR systems
N1  - Accession Number: 20805166; Nakagawa, Seiji 1; Email Address: snakagawa@lbl.gov; Nihei, Kurt T. 1; Myer, Larry R. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 115 Issue 6, p2761; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves -- Scattering; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Abstract
L3  - 10.1121/1.1739483
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20805166&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watanabe, Toshiki
AU  - Nihei, Kurt T.
AU  - Nakagawa, Seiji
AU  - Myer, Larry R.
T1  - Viscoacoustic wave form inversion of transmission data for velocity and attenuation.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 115
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3059
EP  - 3067
SN  - 00014966
AB  - This study investigates the performance of a frequency domain viscoacoustic full wave form nonlinear inversion to obtain high resolution images of velocity and attenuation. An efficient frequency domain implementation is applied that consists of performing a series of single frequency inversions sweeping from low to high frequency. A cascaded inversion was adopted in which the real part of the velocity is first imaged using the phase information, then the quality factor (Q) is imaged using the amplitude information. Tests with synthetic data indicate that our approach yielded better images than the simultaneous determination of the real and imaginary parts of the complex velocity. The method is applied to laboratory data obtained in a water tank with suspended acrylic bars. Broadband 200 kHz data are obtained for a crosshole configuration with a computer-controlled scanning system and piezofilm source and detector. The velocity image produced by the full wave form inversion is compared to a curved ray travel time tomography velocity image, and was observed to possess higher resolution and more precise locations of the acrylic bars. The Q image shows a lower resolution than the velocity image, but recovers the correct Q for acrylic. This method can be applied for geophysical applications targeted to soil, unconsolidated rocks, and marine sediments and also nondestructive evaluation and medical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - SPEED
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 20805198; Watanabe, Toshiki 1,2; Email Address: watanabe@seis.nagoya-u.ac.jp; Nihei, Kurt T. 3; Nakagawa, Seiji 3; Myer, Larry R. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-hon-machi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; 2 : Research Center for Seismology, Volcanology, and Disaster Mitigation, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464- 8602, Japan; 3 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 115 Issue 6, p3059; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1710878
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20805198&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malvadkar, Shreekant B.
AU  - Smith, Dennis
AU  - McGurl, Gilbert V.
T1  - Supply Curves for Using Powder River Basin Coal to Reduce Sulfur Emissions.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 54
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 749
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Supply curves were prepared for coal-fired power plants in the contiguous United States switching to Wyoming's  Powder River Basin (PRB) low-sulfur coal. Up to 625 plants, representing ∼44% of the nameplate capacity of all coal-fired plants, could switch. If all switched, more than $8.8 billion additional capital would be required and the cost of electricity would increase by up to $5.9 billion per year, depending on levels of plant derating. Coal switching would result in sulfur dioxide (SO2)emissions reduction of 4.5 million t/yr. Increase in cost of electricity would be in the range of 0.31-0.73 cents per kilowatt-hour. Average cost of S emissions reduction could be as high as $1298 per t of SO2. Up to 367 plants, or 59% of selected plants with 32%of 44% nameplate capacity, could have marginal cost in excess of $1000 per t of SO2. Up to 73 plants would appear to benefit from both a lowering of the annual cost and a lowering of SO2 emissions by switching to the PRB coal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Coal
KW  - Power plants
KW  - Electric utilities
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Powder River Basin (Wyo. & Mont.)
KW  - Wyoming
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13306109; Malvadkar, Shreekant B. 1; Email Address: shreekant.malvadkar@netl.doe.gov; Smith, Dennis 2; McGurl, Gilbert V. 3; Affiliations: 1 : National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia; 2 : U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC; 3 : National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 54 Issue 6, p741; Thesaurus Term: Coal; Thesaurus Term: Power plants; Thesaurus Term: Electric utilities; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject: Powder River Basin (Wyo. & Mont.); Subject: Wyoming; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, E. Eugene
T1  - RPC in Windows systems: what you don't know could hurt you
JO  - Network Security
JF  - Network Security
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 2004
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 8
SN  - 13534858
AB  - The vulnerabilities of the remote procedure call (RPC) in Windows were exposed with devastating effect last year by the MSBlaster worm. This paper examines RPC in detail and suggests some ways to protect this widely used and useful protocol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Network Security is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER viruses
KW  - COMPUTER crimes
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - CYBERTERRORISM
N1  - Accession Number: 13469398; Schultz, E. Eugene 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California – Berkeley Lab, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 2004 Issue 6, p5; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER viruses; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER crimes; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: CYBERTERRORISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1353-4858(04)00090-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13469398&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heller, Martin C.
AU  - Keoleian, Gregory A.
AU  - Mann, Margaret K.
AU  - Volk, Timothy A.
T1  - Life cycle energy and environmental benefits of generating electricity from willow biomass
JO  - Renewable Energy: An International Journal
JF  - Renewable Energy: An International Journal
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1023
SN  - 09601481
AB  - Biomass is a key renewable energy source expected to play an important role in US electricity production under stricter emission regulations and renewable portfolio standards. Willow energy crops are being developed in the northeast US as a fuel source for increasing biomass energy and bioproduct demands. A life cycle inventory is presented that characterizes the full cradle-to-grave energy and environmental performance of willow biomass-to-electricity. A willow biomass production model is developed using demonstration-scale field experience from New York. Scenarios are presented that mimic anticipated cofiring operations, including supplemental use of wood residues, at an existing coal-fired generating facility. At a cofiring rate of 10% biomass, the system net energy ratio (electricity delivered divided by total fossil fuel consumed) increases by 8.9% and net global warming potential decreases by 7–10%. Net SO2 emissions are reduced by 9.5% and a significant reduction in NOx emissions is expected. In addition, we estimate system performance of using willow biomass in dedicated biomass gasification and direct-fired generating facilities and demonstrate that the pollution avoided (relative to the current electricity grid) is comparable to other renewables such as PV and wind. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable Energy: An International Journal is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biomass energy
KW  - Electricity
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Air emissions
KW  - Cofiring with coal
KW  - Energy crops
N1  - Accession Number: 12376656; Heller, Martin C. 1; Keoleian, Gregory A. 1; Email Address: gregak@umich.edu; Mann, Margaret K. 2; Volk, Timothy A. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Sustainable Systems, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, 430 East University Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1115, USA; 2 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 3 : SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 133 Illick Hall, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 29 Issue 7, p1023; Thesaurus Term: Biomass energy; Thesaurus Term: Electricity; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cofiring with coal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy crops; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.renene.2003.11.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=12376656&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clarke, James H.
AU  - MacDonell, Margaret M.
AU  - Smith, Ellen D.
AU  - Dunn, R. Jeffery
AU  - Waugh, W. Jody
T1  - Engineered Containment and Control Systems: Nurturing Nature.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 771
EP  - 779
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The development of engineered containment and control systems for contaminated sites must consider the environmental setting of each site. The behaviors of both contaminated materials and engineered systems are affected by environmental conditions that will continue to evolve over time as a result of such natural processes as climate change, ecological succession, pedogenesis, and landform changes. Understanding these processes is crucial to designing, implementing, and maintaining effective systems for sustained health and environmental protection. Traditional engineered systems such as landfill liners and caps are designed to resist natural processes rather than working with them. These systems cannot be expected to provide long-term isolation without continued maintenance. In some cases, full-scale replacement and remediation may be required within 50 years, at an effort and cost much higher than for the original cleanup. Approaches are being developed to define smarter containment and control systems for stewardship sites, considering lessons learned from implementing prescriptive waste disposal regulations enacted since the 1970s. These approaches more effectively involve integrating natural and engineered systems; enhancing sensors and predictive tools for evaluating performance; and incorporating information on failure events, including precursors and consequences, into system design and maintenance. An important feature is using natural analogs to predict environmental conditions and system responses over the long term, to accommodate environmental change in the design process, and, as possible, to engineer containment systems that mimic favorable natural systems. The key emphasis is harmony with the environment, so systems will work with and rely on natural processes rather than resisting them. Implementing these new integrated systems will reduce current requirements for active management, which are resource-intensive and expensive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - WASTE management
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL management
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - containment and control
KW  - engineered systems
KW  - Environmental stewardship
KW  - natural processes
KW  - waste management
N1  - Accession Number: 13515097; Clarke, James H. 1; Email Address: james.h.clarke@vanderbilt.edu; MacDonell, Margaret M. 2; Smith, Ellen D. 3; Dunn, R. Jeffery 4; Waugh, W. Jody 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 4: Kleinfelder, Inc., Pleasanton, CA, USA; 5: Environmental Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy Grand Junction Office, Grand Junction, CO, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p771; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Thesaurus Term: WASTE management; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTION; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL management; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: containment and control; Author-Supplied Keyword: engineered systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental stewardship; Author-Supplied Keyword: natural processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: waste management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00474.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13515097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ding, Chirs H. Q.
AU  - Hongyuan Zha
AU  - Xiaofeng He
AU  - Husbands, Parry
AU  - Simon, Horst D.
T1  - Link Analysis: Hubs and Authorities on the World Wide Web.
JO  - SIAM Review
JF  - SIAM Review
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
EP  - 268
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361445
AB  - Ranking the tens of thousands of retrieved webpages for a user query on a Web search engine such that the most informative webpages are on the top is a key information retrieval technology. A popular ranking algorithm is the HITS algorithm of Kleinberg. It explores the reinforcing interplay between authority and hub webpages on a particular topic by taking into account the structure of the Web graphs formed by the hyperlinks between the webpages. In this paper, we give a detailed analysis of the HITS algorithm through a unique combination of probabilistic analysis and matrix algebra. In particular, we show that to first-order approximation, the ranking given by the HITS algorithm is the same as the ranking by counting inbound and outbound hyperlinks. Using Web graphs of different sizes, we also provide experimental results to illustrate the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Review is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WEB search engines
KW  - WORLD Wide Web
KW  - WEBSITES
KW  - ELECTRONIC records
KW  - COMPUTER network resources
KW  - ELECTRONIC information resources
KW  - co-citation
KW  - co-reference
KW  - HITS
KW  - PageRank
KW  - random graph
KW  - webpage ranking
N1  - Accession Number: 13376478; Ding, Chirs H. Q. 1; Email Address: chqding@lbl.gov; Hongyuan Zha 2; Email Address: zha@cse.psu.edu; Xiaofeng He; Email Address: xhe@lbl.gov; Husbands, Parry; Email Address: pjrhusbands@lbl.gov; Simon, Horst D.; Email Address: hdsimon@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; 2: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p256; Thesaurus Term: WEB search engines; Thesaurus Term: WORLD Wide Web; Thesaurus Term: WEBSITES; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC records; Subject Term: COMPUTER network resources; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC information resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: co-citation; Author-Supplied Keyword: co-reference; Author-Supplied Keyword: HITS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PageRank; Author-Supplied Keyword: random graph; Author-Supplied Keyword: webpage ranking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036144501389218
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaplan, D. I.
AU  - Gilmore, T. J.
T1  - Zero-Valent Iron Removal Rates of Aqueous Cr(VI) Measured Under Flow Conditions.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 155
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 33
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The rates of Cr(VI) removal from the aqueous phase by zero-valent iron, Fe(0), was measured under flow conditions. The intent of this work was to generate removal rate coefficients that would be applicable to the Reactive Well Technology, a groundwater remediation technology that replaces the sand in a filter pack of a conventional well with a reactive material, such as Fe(0). Dissolved Cr(VI) concentration, dissolved O2 concentration, and Eh data indicated that Cr(VI) removal from the aqueous phase was mass-transfer limited. All pseudo-first-order regression fits to the data were significant (P ≤ 0.05), however, they did not capture many of the salient aspects of the data, including that the removal rate often decreased as contact time increased. As such, application of these rate coefficients to predict long-term Cr(VI) removal were compromised. The rate coefficients measured under flow conditions were comparable to those measured previously under batch conditions with significantly greater solution:solid ratios. Between the range of 20 and 100 wt-% Fe(0) in the column, there was little measurable change in the reaction kinetics. Thus, it may be possible to include sand into the reactive filter packs in the event it is necessary to increase filter pack porosity or to decrease the accumulation of secondary reaction products that may lead to filter pack plugging. Background water chemistry (0.2 M NaHCO3, distilled water, and a carbonate-dominated groundwater) had only marginal, if any, effects on reaction rate coefficients. The reaction rates measured in this study indicated that an Fe(0) filter pack could be used to lower Cr(VI) concentrations by several orders of magnitude in a once-through mode of operation of the Reactive Well Technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water chemistry
KW  - Iron
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - chromium
KW  - groundwater remediation
KW  - kinetics
KW  - metallic iron
KW  - reactive well technology
KW  - recirculating well
N1  - Accession Number: 15341934; Kaplan, D. I. 1; Email Address: daniel.kaplan@srs.gov; Gilmore, T. J. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Aiken SC, U.S.A.; 2 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K6-81, Richland, WA, U.S.A.;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 155 Issue 1-4, p21; Thesaurus Term: Water chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Hydrology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromium; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: metallic iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactive well technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: recirculating well; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yujin Qi
AU  - Tsui, Benjamin M. W.
AU  - Gilland, Karen L.
AU  - Frey, Eric C.
AU  - Gullberg, Grant T.
T1  - Evaluation of Parallel and Fan-Beam Data Acquisition Geometries and Strategies for Myocardial SPECT Imaging.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/02/Jun2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
EP  - 672
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This study evaluates myocardial SPECT images obtained from parallel-hole (PH) and fan-beam (FR) collimator geometries using both circular-orbit (CO) and noncircular-orbit (NCO) acquisitions. A newly developed 4-D NURBS-based cardiac-torso (NCAT) phantom was used to simulate the 99mTc-sestamibi uptakes in human torso with myocardial defects in the left ventricular (LV) wall. Two phantoms were generated to simulate patients with thick and thin body builds. Projection data including the effects of attenuation, collimator-detector response and scatter were generated using SIMSET Monte Carlo simulations. A large number of photon histories were generated such that the projection data were close to noise free. Poisson noise fluctuations were then added to simulate the count densities found in clinical data. Noise-free and noisy projection data were reconstructed using the iterative OS-EM reconstruction algorithm with attenuation compensation. The reconstructed images from noisy projection data show that the noise levels are lower for the FB as compared to the PH collimator due to increase in detected counts. The NCO acquisition method provides slightly better resolution and small improvement in defect contrast as compared to the CO acquisition method in noise-free reconstructed images. Despite lower projection counts the NCO shows the same noise level as the CO in the attenuation corrected reconstruction images. The results from the channelized Hotelling observer (CHO) study show that FB collimator is superior to PH collimator in myocardial defect detection, but the NCO shows no statistical significant difference from the CO for either PH or FB collimator. In conclusion, our results indicate that data acquisition using NCO makes a very small improvement in the resolution over CO for myocardial SPECT imaging. This small improvement does not make a significant difference on myocardial defect detection. However, an FR collimator provides better defect detection than a PH collimator with similar spatial resolution for myocardial SPECT imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MYOCARDIUM
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - IMAGE reconstruction
KW  - Channelized Hotelling observer (CHO)
KW  - fan beam
KW  - ROC analysis
KW  - SPECT
N1  - Accession Number: 13914062; Yujin Qi 1; Email Address: yqi1@jhmi.edu; Tsui, Benjamin M. W. 1; Email Address: btsui1@jhmi.edu; Gilland, Karen L. 1; Email Address: kgillan2@jhmi.edu; Frey, Eric C. 1; Email Address: efrey@jhmi.edu; Gullberg, Grant T. 2; Email Address: gtgullberg@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Division of Medical Imaging Physics, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287-0859 USA.; 2: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p667; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MYOCARDIUM; Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: IMAGE reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Channelized Hotelling observer (CHO); Author-Supplied Keyword: fan beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROC analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPECT; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829737
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13914062&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peggs, Stephen G.
T1  - Fundamental Limits to Stereotactic Proton Therapy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/02/Jun2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 681
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Proton therapy techniques are developing from passive scattering toward 3-D multifield scanning modalities, increasing the demands for speed and for dose distributions with sharp edges. Fundamental physics (energy straggling and multiple Coulomb scattering) ultimately limit treatment performance parameters, even for an ideal beam delivery system. This paper calculates how few independent beam delivery control points are needed in a tumor in order to perform the sharpest possible stereotactic surgery, with 1 % integrated dose flatness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEREOTAXIC techniques
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SURGERY
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - proton therapy
KW  - treatment planning
N1  - Accession Number: 13914064; Peggs, Stephen G. 1; Email Address: peggs@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p677; Subject Term: STEREOTAXIC techniques; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: SURGERY; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: TUMORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: treatment planning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829734
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13914064&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, G.-C.
AU  - Huber, J. S.
AU  - Moses, W. W.
AU  - Choong, W.-S.
AU  - Maltz, J. S.
T1  - Calibration of a PEM Detector With Depth of Interaction Measurement.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/02/Jun2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
EP  - 781
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We present an in situ calibration technique for the LBNL positron emission mammography (PEM) detector module that is capable of measuring depth of interaction (DOI). The detector module consists of 64 LSO crystals coupled on one end to a single photomultiplier tube (PMT) and on the opposite end to a 64 pixel array of silicon photodiodes (PD). The PMT provides an accurate timing pulse, the PDs identify the crystal of interaction, the sum provides a total energy signal and the Γ = PD/(PD + PMT) ratio determines the depth of interaction. We calibrate using the 176Lu natural background radiation of the LSO crystals. We determine the relative gain (K) of the PMT and PD by minimizing the asymmetry of the Γ distribution. We determine the depth dependence from the width of the Γ distribution with optimal K. The performance of calibrated detector modules is evaluated by averaging results from 12 modules. The energy resolution is a function of depth ranging from 24% FWHM at the PD end to 51% FWHM at the PMT end, and the DOI resolution ranges from 6 mm FWHM at the PD end toll nun FWHM at the PMT end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - POSITRONS
KW  - Biomedical imaging
KW  - calibration
KW  - depth of interaction (DOI)
KW  - detectors
KW  - positron emission tomography (PET)
N1  - Accession Number: 13914079; Wang, G.-C. 1; Email Address: gcwang@lbl.gov; Huber, J. S. 1; Moses, W. W. 1; Choong, W.-S. 1; Maltz, J. S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p775; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: POSITRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomedical imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: depth of interaction (DOI); Author-Supplied Keyword: detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: positron emission tomography (PET); NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829785
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13914079&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valentine, J. D.
T1  - A Report From the Editor for Nuclear Science Symposium, Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor...
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 818
EP  - 818
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This issue of the journal "IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science" (TNS) is devoted to contributions from the 2003 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors (RTSD), and Symoposium on Nuclear Power Systems (SNPS) held in conjunction in Portland, Oregon, during October 19-25, 2003. Of the approximately 700 articles presented at the 2003 NSS, RTSD, and SNPS, 333 were submitted for possible publication in TNS. These manuscripts were subsequently scrutinized by three reviewers to ensure that all manuscripts published in the TNS were original.
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - MANUSCRIPTS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PERIODICALS
KW  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 14024598; Valentine, J. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Defense Sciences Engineering Division, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p818; Thesaurus Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: MANUSCRIPTS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; Reviews & Products: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829973
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024598&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - James, Ralph B.
T1  - A Report From the General Chairman 2003 IEEE NSS/MIC/RTSD/SNPS.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 819
EP  - 819
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The 2003 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Medical Imaging Conference (MIC), 13th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma Ray Detectors (RTSD), and Symposium on Nuclear Power Systems was held during October 19-25, 2003 in Portland, Oregon. The NSS and MIC Programs provided new and innovative opportunities for growth in nuclear science and medical imaging technologies. The 13th RTSD Workshop represented the largest forum of scientists and engineers working to develop new solid-state radiation detectors and imaging arrays.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PORTLAND (Or.)
KW  - OREGON
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14024599; James, Ralph B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p819; Thesaurus Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Thesaurus Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject: PORTLAND (Or.); Subject: OREGON; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Proceeding
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829974
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024599&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - James, Ralph B.
AU  - Soffert, Paul
T1  - A Report From the Co-Chairs of the 13th RTSD (Held in Conjunction With the 2003 NSS/MIC).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 820
EP  - 820
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The 13th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors marked the second time it was held in conjunction with the Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference. The workshop was organized into technical sessions on cadmium zinc telluride, cadmium telluride, silicon, mercuric iodide, lead iodide, gallium arsenide, thallium bromide, imaging applications, simulations and electronics. The primary theme of the workshop was development of improved semiconductor detectors and imaging arrays.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - ELECTRONIC industries
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
KW  - THALLIUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14024600; James, Ralph B. 1; Soffert, Paul 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p820; Thesaurus Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Thesaurus Term: SEMINARS; Thesaurus Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC industries; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; Subject Term: THALLIUM compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Proceeding
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829975
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024600&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schulte, Reinhard
AU  - Bashkirov, Vladimir
AU  - Tianfang Li
AU  - Zhengrong Liang
AU  - Mueller, Klaus
AU  - Heimann, Jason
AU  - Johnson, Leah R.
AU  - Keeney, Brian
AU  - Sadrozinski, Hartmut F.-W.
AU  - Seiden, Abraham
AU  - Williams, David C.
AU  - Lan Zhang
AU  - Zhang Li
AU  - Peggs, Steven
AU  - Satogata, Todd
AU  - Woody, Craig
T1  - Conceptual Design of a Proton Computed Tomography System for Applications in Proton Radiation Therapy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 866
EP  - 872
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Proton computed tomography (pCT) has the potential to improve the accuracy of dose calculations for proton treatment planning, and will also be useful for pretreatment verification of patient positioning relative to the proton beam. A design study was performed to define the optimal approach to a pCT system based on specifications for applications in proton therapy. Conceptual and detailed design of a pCT system is presented; the system consists of a silicon-based particle tracking system and a crystal calorimeter to measure energy loss of individual protons. We discuss the formation of pCT images based on the reconstruction of volume electron density maps and the suitability of analytic and statistical algorithms for image reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON therapy
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - IMAGE reconstruction
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - IMAGE processing
N1  - Accession Number: 14024609; Schulte, Reinhard 1; Email Address: rschuIte@dominion.Ilumc.edu; Bashkirov, Vladimir 1; Tianfang Li 2; Zhengrong Liang 2; Mueller, Klaus 2; Heimann, Jason 3; Johnson, Leah R. 3; Keeney, Brian; Sadrozinski, Hartmut F.-W. 3; Seiden, Abraham 3; Williams, David C. 3; Lan Zhang 3; Zhang Li 4; Peggs, Steven 4; Satogata, Todd 4; Woody, Craig 4; Affiliations: 1: Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA.; 2: State University of New York Stony Brook. Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.; 3: Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics. University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; 4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p866; Subject Term: PROTON therapy; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: IMAGE reconstruction; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829392
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024609&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howe, Mark A.
AU  - Cox, G. Adam
AU  - Harvey, Phil J.
AU  - McGirt, Frank
AU  - Rielage, Keith
AU  - Wilkerson, John F.
AU  - Wouters, Jan M.
T1  - Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Neutral Current Detector Acquisition Software Overview.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 878
EP  - 883
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory begins a new phase of operation in the autumn of 2003 with the installation of the neutral current detectors (NC Us). This paper focuses mainly on the object-oriented real-time control and acquisition (ORCA) software that is the framework for the data acquisition system of the NCD array. Particular emphasis is given to the general purpose nature of ORCA and the manner in which it provides generic object-oriented software modules that can be configured and connected together at run-time to build general-purpose data acquisition applications. ORCA is the main graphical user interface for the NCD experiment and is used for hardware initialization, run control, data readout, and data shipping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OBJECT-oriented programming (Computer science)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - detectors
KW  - neutrinos
KW  - software
N1  - Accession Number: 14024611; Howe, Mark A. 1; Email Address: howe@npl.washington.edu; Cox, G. Adam 1; Email Address: ac00@washington.edu; Harvey, Phil J. 2; Email Address: phil@sno.phy.queensu.ca; McGirt, Frank; Email Address: fmcgirt@swcp.com; Rielage, Keith 1; Email Address: rielagek@u.washington.edu; Wilkerson, John F. 1; Email Address: jfw@u.washington.edu; Wouters, Jan M. 3; Email Address: jwouters@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 9S195 USA.; 2: Queens University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los AIamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p878; Thesaurus Term: OBJECT-oriented programming (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrinos; Author-Supplied Keyword: software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829527
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024611&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akimoto, T.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Azzi, P.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Bortoletto, D.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Canepa, A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Chertok, M.
AU  - Ciobanu, C. I.
AU  - Derylo, G.
AU  - Fang, I.
AU  - Feng, E. J.
AU  - Fernandez, J. P.
AU  - Flaugher, B.
T1  - CDF Run IIB Silicon Detector: Electrical Performance and Deadtime-Less Operation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 987
EP  - 993
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The main building block and readout unit of the planned CDF Run IIb silicon detector is a "stave," a highly integrated mechanical, thermal, and electrical structure. One of its characteristic features is a copper-on-Kapton flexible cable for power, high voltage, data transmission, and control signals that is placed directly below the silicon microstrip sensors. The dense packaging makes deadtime-less operation of the stave a challenge since coupling of bus cable activity into the silicon sensors must be suppressed efficiently. The stave design features relevant for deadtime-less operation are discussed. The electrical performance achieved with stave prototypes is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - TELECOMMUNICATION systems
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - BUS conductors (Electricity)
KW  - DIODES
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - CDF
KW  - deadtime-less
KW  - Run IIb
KW  - silicon tracker
KW  - SVX4
N1  - Accession Number: 14024630; Akimoto, T. 1; Aoki, M. 1; Azzi, P. 2,3; Bacchetta, N. 2,3; Behari, S. 4; Benjamin, D. 5; Bisello, D. 2,3; Bolla, G. 6; Bortoletto, D. 6; Busetto, G. 2,3; Cabrera, S. 5; Canepa, A. 6; Cardoso, G. 7; Chertok, M. 8; Ciobanu, C. I. 9; Derylo, G. 7; Fang, I. 7; Feng, E. J. 10; Fernandez, J. P. 6; Flaugher, B. 7; Affiliations: 1: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuha, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.; 2: Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.; 3: INFN-Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.; 4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 5: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; 6: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; 7: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 8: University of California. Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; 9: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; 10: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p987; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: TELECOMMUNICATION systems; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: BUS conductors (Electricity); Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: deadtime-less; Author-Supplied Keyword: Run IIb; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon tracker; Author-Supplied Keyword: SVX4; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517410 Satellite Telecommunications; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829508
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024630&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Britton, Charles L.
AU  - Jr.
AU  - Bryan, William L.
AU  - Wintenberg, Alan L.
AU  - Warmack, Robert J.
AU  - Mcknight, Timothy E.
AU  - Frank, Shane S.
AU  - Cooper, Ronald C.
AU  - Dudney, Nancy J.
AU  - Veith, Gabriel M.
AU  - Stephan, Andrew C.
T1  - A Detector for Neutron Imaging.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1016
EP  - 1019
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A bright neutron source such as the spallation neutron source (SNS) places extreme requirements on detectors including excellent 2-fl spatial imaging and high dynamic range. Present imaging detectors have either shown position resolutions that are less than acceptable or they exhibit excessive paralyzing dead times due to the brightness of the source. A detector concept known as MicroMegas (MicroMEsh GAseous Structure) has been developed at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, for high-energy physics charged-particle tracking applications and has shown great promise for handling high data rates with a rather low-cost structure. We are attempting to optimize the MicroMegas detector concept for thermal neutrons and have designed a 1-D neutron strip detector utilizing solid converters which we have tested. In addition, we are performing research into the compatibility of various converter coatings. Our goal is to develop a manufacturable detector that could be scaled to a 1 m², 2-D array for use at the SNS and other facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - GENEVA (Switzerland)
KW  - SWITZERLAND
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - radiation detector
N1  - Accession Number: 14024634; Britton, Charles L.; Jr. 1; Email Address: BRITTONCL@ornl.gov; Bryan, William L. 1; Wintenberg, Alan L. 1; Warmack, Robert J. 1; Mcknight, Timothy E. 1; Frank, Shane S. 1; Cooper, Ronald C. 2; Email Address: cooperrg@ornl.gov; Dudney, Nancy J. 1; Veith, Gabriel M. 1; Stephan, Andrew C. 3; Email Address: astephan@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6006 USA.; 2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.; 3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1016; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject: GENEVA (Switzerland); Subject: SWITZERLAND; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation detector; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829660
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024634&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kazkaz, Kareem
AU  - Aalseth, Craig E.
AU  - Hossbach, Todd W.
AU  - Gehman, Victor M.
AU  - Kephart, Jeremy D.
AU  - Miley, Harry S.
T1  - MEGA: A Low-Background Radiation Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1029
EP  - 1033
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The multiple-element gamma assay (MEGA) is a low-background detector designed to support environmental monitoring and national security applications. MEGA also demonstrates technology needed for Majorana, a next generation neutrino mass experiment. It will employ active and passive shielding to reduce backgrounds. It will also exploit multicoincidence signatures to identify specific radioactive isotopes. MEGA is expected to begin testing in late 2003 for eventual installation at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, Carlsbad, NM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FEDERAL government
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - CARLSBAD (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14024637; Kazkaz, Kareem 1; Email Address: kareem@washington.edu; Aalseth, Craig E. 2; Email Address: craig.aalseth@pnl.gov; Hossbach, Todd W. 2; Email Address: todd.hossbach@pnl.gov; Gehman, Victor M. 3; Email Address: vmg@lanl.gov; Kephart, Jeremy D. 4; Email Address: jdkephar@unity.ncsu.edu; Miley, Harry S. 2; Email Address: harry.miley@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: CENPA, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-4290 USA.; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 4: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1029; Thesaurus Term: FEDERAL government; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject: CARLSBAD (N.M.); Subject: NEW Mexico; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veith, Gabriel M.
AU  - Dudney, Nancy J.
T1  - Preparation of Thin-Film Neutron Converter Foils for Imaging Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1034
EP  - 1038
SN  - 00189499
AB  - With the pending delivery of the new Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, a new generation of highly efficient, position sensitive neutron detectors needs to be developed. One promising prospect for detector development has been the neutron imaging detector consisting of a conversion foil, which produce amongst other things α and -γ particles from incident neutrons, and a position sensitive charge particle detector. In order to understand the materials chemistry between layered converters as well as to maximize the production and transmission of the daughter products, we have prepared and characterized a series of thin-films from naturally occurring isotopes of the strong neutron absorbers lithium (Li), boron (B), and gadolinium (Gd). The films have been created using a combination of sputtering and evaporation techniques. The composition of the resulting films have been investigated using EDS and RBS, while the interfacial mixing between the layers has been studied using a combination of RBS and SEM experiments. Experiments studying the aging of the detector films in the detector gas as well as alloying of Li and the film substrate, have also been undertaken and the results are reported here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - THIN films
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Boron films
KW  - gadolinium films
KW  - lithium films
KW  - neutron converter
KW  - neutron detectors
KW  - thin-film devices.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024638; Veith, Gabriel M. 1; Email Address: veithgm@oml.gov; Dudney, Nancy J. 1; Email Address: dudneynj@oml.gov; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6030 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1034; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron films; Author-Supplied Keyword: gadolinium films; Author-Supplied Keyword: lithium films; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron converter; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin-film devices.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829366
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024638&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kappler, Steffen
AU  - Bieser, Fred
AU  - Kaminski, Jochen
AU  - Ledermann, Bernhard
AU  - Müller, Thomas
AU  - Ronan, Michael
AU  - Ropelewski, Leszek
AU  - Sauli, Fabio
AU  - Settles, Ron
T1  - A GEM-TPC Prototype With Low-Noise Highly Integrated Front-End Electronics for Linear Collider Studies.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1039
EP  - 1043
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Connected to the linear collider project, studies on the readout of time projection chambers (TPCs) based on the gas electron multiplier (GEM) are ongoing. Higher granularity and intrinsically suppressed ion feedback are the major advantages of this technology. After a short discussion of these tissues, we present the design of a small and very flexible TPC prototype, whose cylindrical drift volume can be equipped with endcaps of different gas detector types. An endcap with multi-GEM readout is currently set up and successfully operated with a low-noise highly integrated front-end electronics. We discuss results of measurements with this system in high intensity particle beams at CERN, where 99.3 ± 0.2 % single-pad-row efficiency could be achieved at an effective gain of 2.5 &times 10³ only, and spatial resolutions down to 63 ±3 μm could be demonstrated. Finally, these results are extrapolated to the high magnetic field in a linear collider TPC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - GAS detectors
KW  - ELECTRONIC noise
KW  - NUCLEAR track detectors
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Gas electron multiplier (GEM)
KW  - Time projection chambers (TPC).
N1  - Accession Number: 14024639; Kappler, Steffen 1; Email Address: steffen.kappler@cern.ch; Bieser, Fred 2; Kaminski, Jochen 3; Ledermann, Bernhard 3; Müller, Thomas 3; Ronan, Michael 2; Ropelewski, Leszek 4; Sauli, Fabio 4; Settles, Ron 5; Affiliations: 1: Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe University, Karlsruhe D-76128, Germany.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA.; 3: Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik Karlsruhe University, Karlsruhe D-76128 Germany.; 4: CERN, EP Division, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.; 5: Max-Planck Institut, D-80805 Munich, Germany.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1039; Subject Term: TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: GAS detectors; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC noise; Subject Term: NUCLEAR track detectors; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas electron multiplier (GEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Time projection chambers (TPC).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829390
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024639&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, L. Eric
AU  - Ellis, J. Edward
AU  - Valsan, Andrei E.
AU  - Aalseth, Craig E.
AU  - Miley, Harry S.
T1  - A Coincidence Signature Library for Multicoincidence Radionuclide Analysis Systems.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1044
EP  - 1048
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, is currently developing multicoincidence systems to perform trace radionuclide analysis at or near the sample collection point for applications that include emergency response, nuclear forensics, and environmental monitoring. Quantifying radionuclide concentrations with these systems requires a library of accurate emission intensities for each detected signature, for all candidate radionuclides. While such data are readily available for single gamma-ray emissions, no signature library has been found for coincident emissions such as β - γ, γ - γ, or β - γ - γ. To meet this need, a Coincidence Lookup Library (CLL) is being developed to calculate the emission intensities of coincident signatures from a user-specified radionuclide, or conversely, to determine the radionuclides that may be responsible for a specific detected coincident signature. The algorithms used to generate absolute emission intensities and various user interfaces for the developmental CLL are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - RICHLAND (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Gamma-ray spectroscopy
KW  - nuclear measurements
KW  - radiation signature libraries.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024640; Smith, L. Eric 1; Email Address: eric.smith@pnl.gov; Ellis, J. Edward 2; Email Address: edward.ellis@pnl.gov; Valsan, Andrei E. 2; Email Address: andrei.vaslan@pnl.gov; Aalseth, Craig E. 1; Email Address: craig.aalseth@pnl.gov; Miley, Harry S. 1; Email Address: harry.miley@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Radiation and Nuclear Physics Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; 2: Electronic Systems Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1044; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject: RICHLAND (Wash.); Subject: WASHINGTON (State); Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation signature libraries.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829435
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024640&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hollerman, William A.
AU  - Bergeron, Noah P.
AU  - Womack, Frank N.
AU  - Goedeke, Shawn M.
AU  - Allison, Stephen W.
T1  - Change in Half Brightness Does Due to Preparation Pressure for YAG: Ce.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1080
EP  - 1083
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Previous research shows that certain properties, such as half brightness dose (N½) and fluorescence intensity, depend on preparation pressure. Phosphor tablets composed of 50% cellulose and 50% yttrium aluminum garnet doped with cerium (YAG:Ce) powders, were created using a Carver press with an applied force of 78 kN. The average 3-MeV proton N½ for the tablet samples was 11.6 and 36.6 times smaller than equivalent values for the paint and crystal forms of YAG:Ce, respectively. It is quite apparent that the application of a large preparation force damages some of the YAG:Ce grains which reduces the N½. The fluorescence efficiency of the tablets was also less than that measured for the other forms of YAG:Ce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - CELLULOSE
KW  - GARNET
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - fluorescence
KW  - Half brightness dose
KW  - phosphor
KW  - pressure
KW  - YAG:Ce.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024646; Hollerman, William A. 1; Email Address: hollerman@louisiana.edu; Bergeron, Noah P. 1; Womack, Frank N. 1; Goedeke, Shawn M. 2; Email Address: goedekesm@ornl.gov; Allison, Stephen W. 2; Email Address: allisonsm@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics. University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.; 2: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Oak Ridge. TN 37831 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1080; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: CELLULOSE; Subject Term: GARNET; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Half brightness dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphor; Author-Supplied Keyword: pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: YAG:Ce.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829661
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024646&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pozzi, Sara A.
AU  - Neal, John S.
AU  - Oberer, Richard B.
AU  - Mihalezo, John T.
T1  - Monte Carlo Analysis of Neutron Detection With a BaF2 Scintillation Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1088
EP  - 1090
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This work presents the results of investigations aimed at simulating the response of a barium fluoride (BaF2) detector to neutrons and photons. The simulations are performed with the MCNP-PoliMi code, a modification of MCNF-4C. The simulation results are compared to time-of-flight measurements performed with the nuclear materials identification system (NMIS). In particular, the neutron detection capabilities of the BaF2 scintillator are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Barium fluoride
KW  - californium
KW  - neutron detection
KW  - scintillation detector.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024648; Pozzi, Sara A. 1; Email Address: poizisa@ornl.gov; Neal, John S. 1; Email Address: nealjsl@ornl.gov; Oberer, Richard B. 2; Email Address: obererrb@yl2doe.gov; Mihalezo, John T. 1; Email Address: mihalczojt@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge. TN 37831-6010 USA.; 2: Y-12 National Security Complex. BWXT. Oak Ridge. TN 37831-8084 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1088; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Barium fluoride; Author-Supplied Keyword: californium; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: scintillation detector.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS2004.129446
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14024648&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tindall, C. S.
AU  - Amnian, M.
AU  - Luke, P. N.
T1  - Large-Area Si(Li) Orthogonal-Strip Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1140
EP  - 1143
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Segmented lithium drifted silicon detectors are being developed for use in large Compton cameras and for medical imaging. We have successfully fabricated 3.5 mm thick crossed-strip detectors with active areas of 40 × 40 mm² with a 2 mm strip pitch. These detectors utilize new contact technology consisting of a boron implanted p-type contact and an amorphous silicon (α-Si) n-type contact. Good energy resolution and excellent strip separation was obtained from both contacts at relatively high operating temperatures. An energy resolution of 2.1 keV FWHM at 122 keV was obtained for the α-Sistrip at temperatures up to 200 K and for the boron strip at temperatures up to 240 K. Measurements of the charge sharing between the strips were also performed. When the detector was flood illuminated with 60 keV gamma-rays, a small signal deficit was observed for events in which the signal was shared between two adjacent strips. The amount of deficit depended on the contact type, strip geometry and the operating temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - BORON
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DIODES
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 14024657; Tindall, C. S. 1; Email Address: CSTindall@lbl.gov; Amnian, M. 1; Luke, P. N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley. CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1140; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cancelo, G.
AU  - Gottschalk, E.
AU  - Pavlicek, V.
AU  - Wang, M.
AU  - Wu, J.
T1  - Failure Related Dataflow Dynamics in a Highly Parallel Processor for L1 Triggering.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1158
EP  - 1162
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper studies how processor failures affect the data flow of the Level 1 Trigger in the BTeV experiment proposed to run at Fermilab's Tevatron. The failure analysis is crucial for a system with over 2500 processing nodes and a number of storage units and communication links of the same order of magnitude. This paper is based on models of the L1 Trigger architecture and shows the dynamics of the architecture's dataflow. The dataflow analysis provides insight into how system variables are affected by single component failures and provides key information to the implementation of error recovery strategies. The analysis includes both short-term failures from which the system can recover quickly and long-term failures which imply a more drastic error-recovery strategy. The modeling results are supported by behavioral simulations of the Li Trigger processing BTeV's (WANT Monte Carlo data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATABASE management
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - DATA flow computing
KW  - ERRORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14024660; Cancelo, G. 1; Email Address: Cancelo@fnal.gov; Gottschalk, E. 1; Pavlicek, V. 1; Wang, M. 1; Wu, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory, batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1158; Thesaurus Term: DATABASE management; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Thesaurus Term: DATABASES; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: DATA flow computing; Subject Term: ERRORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Zane W.
AU  - Pohl, Ken R.
AU  - Berg, Lodewijk van den
T1  - Neutron Detection With Mercuric Iodide.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1163
EP  - 1165
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Mercuric iodide is a high-density high-Z semiconducting material useful for gamma ray detection. This makes it convertible to a thermal neutron detector by covering it with a boron-rich material and detecting the 478-keV gamma rays resulting from the 10B(n, α)7Li* reaction. However, the 374 barn thermal capture cross section ofnat Hg, makes the detector itself an attractive absorber, and this has been exploited previously. Since previous work indicates that there are no low-energy gamma rays emitted in coincidence with the 368-keV capture gamma from the dominant 199Hg(n, γ)200Hg reaction, only the 368-keV capture gamma is seen with any efficiency with a relatively thin (few millimeter) detector. En this paper, we report measurements of neutrons via capture reactions in a bare mercuric iodide crystal and a crystal covered in 10B-loaded epoxy. The covered detector is an improvement over the bare detector because the presence of both the 478- and 368-keY gamma rays removes the ambiguity associated with the observation of only one of them. Pulse height spectra, obtained with and without lead and cadmium absorbers, showed the expected gamma rays and demonstrated that they were caused by neutrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MERCURY compounds
KW  - IODIDES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HALIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 14024661; Bell, Zane W. 1; Email Address: bellzq@y12.doe.gov; Pohl, Ken R. 2; Email Address: pohl@contech.com; Berg, Lodewijk van den 2; Email Address: lvdberg@contech.com; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge. TN 37831 USA.; 2: Constellation Technology Corporation, largo, FL 33773 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1163; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MERCURY compounds; Subject Term: IODIDES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HALIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mengesha, W.
AU  - Aalseth, C. E.
AU  - Barnett, D. S.
AU  - Bliss, M.
AU  - Schaefer, C.
T1  - Pulse Shape Analysis for Electron Mobility Study in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Gamma-Ray Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1166
EP  - 1171
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A pulse shape analysis technique was implemented to determine the electron mobility μe and the electron mobility lifetime product μeTe in cadmium zinc telluride detectors (CZT). The digital gamma finder (DGF-4C) a single-width CAMAC module produced by X-Ray Instrumentation Associates (XIA), was used to extract pulse height, pulse shape, and signal rise time information. Data analyses using the extracted information allowed measuring the μe and μeTe in selected CZT samples. An almost linear relationship was observed for the signal rise time as a function of the inverse bias. This observed linear relationship was the basis for determination of μe using a simple linear fit. The measured signal amplitude was also used to determine μeTe using the Hecht formulation. Repeated measurements confirmed the consistency of the method in determining μe and μeTe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON mobility
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - ZINC telluride
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - TELLURIDES
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Cadmium zinc telluride detectors (CZT)
KW  - digital gamma finder (DGF-4C)
KW  - electron mobility
KW  - pulse shape processing.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024662; Mengesha, W. 1; Email Address: Wond-wosen.Mengesha@pnl.gov; Aalseth, C. E. 1; Email Address: Craig.Aalseth@pnl.gov; Barnett, D. S. 1; Email Address: dehra.barnett@pnl.gov; Bliss, M. 1; Email Address: mary.bliss@pnl.gov; Schaefer, C. 1; Email Address: CJSchaefer@ou.edu; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1166; Subject Term: ELECTRON mobility; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: ZINC telluride; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: TELLURIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium zinc telluride detectors (CZT); Author-Supplied Keyword: digital gamma finder (DGF-4C); Author-Supplied Keyword: electron mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse shape processing.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manfredi, Pier Francesco
AU  - Re, Valerio
T1  - Trends in the Design of Spectroscopy Amplifiers for Room Temperature Solid State Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1182
EP  - 1190
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper discusses the present trends in the design of low-noise front-end systems for room temperature semiconductor detectors. The technological advancement provided by submicron CMOS and BiCMOS processes is examined from several points of view. The noise performances are a fundamental issue in most detector applications and suitable attention is devoted to them for the purpose of judging whether or not the present processes supersede the solutions featuring a field-effect transistor as a front-end element. However, other considerations are also important in judging how well a monolithic technology suits the front-end design. Among them, the way a technology lends itself to the realization of additional functions, for instance, the charge reset in a charge-sensitive loop or the time-variant filters featuring the special weighting functions that may be requested in some applications of CdTe or CZT detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ELECTRONIC noise
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
KW  - SIGNAL theory (Telecommunication)
KW  - Front-end electronics
KW  - JFET
KW  - MOSFET
KW  - noise.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024665; Manfredi, Pier Francesco 1; Email Address: pfmanfredi@)Ibl.gov; Re, Valerio 2; Email Address: valerio.re@unibg.it; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Bergamo.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1182; Thesaurus Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC noise; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; Subject Term: SIGNAL theory (Telecommunication); Author-Supplied Keyword: Front-end electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: JFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOSFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: noise.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luke, Paul N.
AU  - Amman, Mark
AU  - Lee, Julie S.
T1  - Factors Affecting Energy Resolution of Coplanar-Grid CdZnTe Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1199
EP  - 1203
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Coplanar-grid CdZnTe detectors have been under development for the past ten years as room-temperature gamma-ray spectrometers and are being produced for use in a number of applications. Despite the improvements in detector active volume and spectral response that have been achieved with the coplanar-grid technique, the full potential of such detectors is still far from being realized. There exists a number of material, device, and electronics factors that limit detector performance and yield. Some of the major factors are identified and examined in terms of their origins and the magnitude of their effects on energy resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray detectors
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometer
KW  - ZINC
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - CdZnTe
KW  - coplanar-grid
KW  - gamma-ray detector.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024667; Luke, Paul N. 1; Email Address: pnluke@lbl.gov; Amman, Mark 1; Email Address: Mark_Amman@lbl.gov; Lee, Julie S. 1; Email Address: Julie_Lee@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1199; Subject Term: GAMMA ray detectors; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometer; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdZnTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: coplanar-grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-ray detector.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayden, S. M.
AU  - Mook, H. A.
AU  - Dai, Pengcheng
AU  - Perring, T. G.
AU  - Do&gcaron;an, F.
T1  - The structure of the high-energy spin excitations in a high-transition-temperature superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/03/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6991
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 534
SN  - 00280836
AB  - In conventional superconductors, lattice vibrations (phonons) mediate the attraction between electrons that is responsible for superconductivity. The high transition temperatures (high-Tc) of the copper oxide superconductors has led to collective spin excitations being proposed as the mediating excitations in these materials. The mediating excitations must be strongly coupled to the conduction electrons, have energy greater than the pairing energy, and be present at Tc. The most obvious feature in the magnetic excitations of high-Tc superconductors such as YBa2Cu3O6+x is the so-called ‘resonance’. Although the resonance may be strongly coupled to the superconductivity, it is unlikely to be the main cause, because it has not been found in the La2-x(Ba,Sr)xCuO4 family and is not universally present in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (ref. 9). Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to characterize possible mediating excitations at higher energies in YBa2Cu3O6.6. We observe a square-shaped continuum of excitations peaked at incommensurate positions. These excitations have energies greater than the superconducting pairing energy, are present at Tc, and have spectral weight far exceeding that of the ‘resonance’. The discovery of similar excitations in La2-xBaxCuO4 (ref. 10) suggests that they are a general property of the copper oxides, and a candidate for mediating the electron pairing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 13270415; Hayden, S. M. 1; Mook, H. A. 2; Dai, Pengcheng 2,3; Perring, T. G. 4; Do&gcaron;an, F. 5; Source Information: 6/3/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6991, p531; Subject: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject: SPIN excitations; Subject: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject: LATTICE dynamics; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject: CONDUCTION electrons; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02576
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tranquada, J. M.
AU  - Woo, H.
AU  - Perring, T. C.
AU  - Goka, H.
AU  - Gu, G. D.
AU  - Xu, G.
AU  - Fujita, M.
AU  - Yamada, K.
T1  - Quantum magnetic excitations from stripes in copper oxide superconductors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/03/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6991
M3  - Article
SP  - 534
EP  - 538
SN  - 00280836
AB  - In the copper oxide parent compounds of the high-transition-temperature superconductors the valence electrons are localized-one per copper site-by strong intra-atomic Coulomb repulsion. A symptom of this localization is antiferromagnetism, where the spins of localized electrons alternate between up and down. Superconductivity appears when mobile ‘holes’ are doped into this insulating state, and it coexists with antiferromagnetic fluctuations. In one approach to describing the coexistence, the holes are believed to self-organize into ‘stripes’ that alternate with antiferromagnetic (insulating) regions within copper oxide planes, which would necessitate an unconventional mechanism of superconductivity. There is an apparent problem with this picture, however: measurements of magnetic excitations in superconducting YBa2Cu3O6+x near optimum doping are incompatible with the naive expectations for a material with stripes. Here we report neutron scattering measurements on stripe-ordered La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. We show that the measured excitations are, surprisingly, quite similar to those in YBa2Cu3O6+x (refs 9, 10) (that is, the predicted spectrum of magnetic excitations is wrong). We find instead that the observed spectrum can be understood within a stripe model by taking account of quantum excitations. Our results support the concept that stripe correlations are essential to high-transition-temperature superconductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - DOPED semiconductor superlattices
N1  - Accession Number: 13270417; Tranquada, J. M. 1; Woo, H. 1,2; Perring, T. C. 2; Goka, H. 3; Gu, G. D. 1; Xu, G. 1; Fujita, M. 3; Yamada, K. 3; Source Information: 6/3/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6991, p534; Subject: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject: COPPER oxide; Subject: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject: QUANTUM theory; Subject: DOPED semiconductor superlattices; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02574
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bolotnikov, Aleksey
AU  - Bolozdynya, Alexander
AU  - Devito, Raymond
AU  - Richards, John
T1  - Dual-Anode High-Pressure Xenon Cylindrical Ionization Chamber.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/04/Jun2004 Part 4 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1262
EP  - 1269
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new approach to the design of high-pressure xenon cylindrical ionization chambers is investigated. In the new approach, a dual anode is used to replace the single anode surrounded by a shielding grid, which are employed in a conventional design. Two anode wires are stretched near the axis of the 30 cm long cylindrical chamber with a 9 cm diameter cathode. Both the wires are kept at the same (nearly zero) potential and are dc-coupled to the charge-sensitive preamplifiers. For most cases, only one of the wires (it can be either one) collects the electrons produced by an ionizing event. The difference between the signals read out from the wires is proportional to the total produced charge. The experimental results are compared to Monte Carlo simulations. The optimal design of the dual-anode cylindrical ionization chamber is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ANODES
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - XENON
KW  - AIR analysis
KW  - Frisch-grid
KW  - ganuna rays
KW  - ionization chamber
KW  - spectrometer
KW  - Xenon
N1  - Accession Number: 13927812; Bolotnikov, Aleksey 1; Email Address: bolotnik@bnl.gov; Bolozdynya, Alexander 2; Devito, Raymond 2; Richards, John 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: Constellation Technology Corporation, Largo, FL 33777-1498 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 4 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1262; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: ANODES; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: AIR analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frisch-grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: ganuna rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionization chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829369
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hoyt, J.J.
T1  - KNUCKLEBALL SCIENCE.
JO  - New Yorker
JF  - New Yorker
J1  - New Yorker
PY  - 2004/06/07/
Y1  - 2004/06/07/
VL  - 80
IS  - 15
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 0028792X
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor regarding the behavior of knuckleballs in baseball mentioned in the May 17, 2004 issue of the periodical "The New Yorker."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - BASEBALL
N1  - Accession Number: 14105517; Source Information: 6/7/2004, Vol. 80 Issue 15, p6; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: BASEBALL; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 1/6p; ; Document Type: Letter; ; Full Text Word Count: 176; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abazov, V.M.
AU  - Abbott, B.
AU  - Abdesselam, A.
AU  - Abolins, M.
AU  - Abramov, V.
AU  - Acharya, B.S.
AU  - Adams, D.L.
AU  - Adams, M.
AU  - Ahmed, S.N.
AU  - Alexeev, G.D.
AU  - Alton, A.
AU  - Alves, G.A.
AU  - Arnoud, Y.
AU  - Avila, C.
AU  - Babintsev, V.V.
AU  - Babukhadia, L.
AU  - Bacon, T.C.
AU  - Baden, A.
AU  - Baffioni, S.
AU  - Baldin, B.
T1  - A precision measurement of the mass of the top quark.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6992
M3  - Article
SP  - 638
EP  - 642
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The standard model of particle physics contains parameters-such as particle masses-whose origins are still unknown and which cannot be predicted, but whose values are constrained through their interactions. In particular, the masses of the top quark (Mt) and W boson (MW) constrain the mass of the long-hypothesized, but thus far not observed, Higgs boson. A precise measurement of Mt can therefore indicate where to look for the Higgs, and indeed whether the hypothesis of a standard model Higgs is consistent with experimental data. As top quarks are produced in pairs and decay in only about 10-24?s into various final states, reconstructing their masses from their decay products is very challenging. Here we report a technique that extracts more information from each top-quark event and yields a greatly improved precision (of ± 5.3?GeV/c2) when compared to previous measurements. When our new result is combined with our published measurement in a complementary decay mode and with the only other measurements available, the new world average for Mt becomes 178.0 ± 4.3?GeV/c2. As a result, the most likely Higgs mass increases from the experimentally excluded value of 96 to 117?GeV/c2, which is beyond current experimental sensitivity. The upper limit on the Higgs mass at the 95% confidence level is raised from 219 to 251?GeV/c2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13396708; Abazov, V.M. 1; Abbott, B. 2; Abdesselam, A. 3; Abolins, M. 4; Abramov, V. 5; Acharya, B.S. 6; Adams, D.L. 7; Adams, M. 8; Ahmed, S.N. 9; Alexeev, G.D. 1; Alton, A. 10; Alves, G.A. 11; Arnoud, Y. 12; Avila, C. 13; Babintsev, V.V. 5; Babukhadia, L. 14; Bacon, T.C. 15; Baden, A.; Baffioni, S.; Baldin, B.; Source Information: 6/10/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6992, p638; Subject: QUARKS; Subject: BOSONS; Subject: HIGGS bosons; Subject: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject: MASS (Physics); Subject: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02589
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Achermann, Marc
AU  - Petruska, Melissa A.
AU  - Kos, Simon
AU  - Smith, Darryl L.
AU  - Koleske, Daniel D.
AU  - Klimov, Victor I.
T1  - Energy-transfer pumping of semiconductor nanocrystals using an epitaxial quantum well.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6992
M3  - Article
SP  - 642
EP  - 646
SN  - 00280836
AB  - As a result of quantum-confinement effects, the emission colour of semiconductor nanocrystals can be modified dramatically by simply changing their size. Such spectral tunability, together with large photoluminescence quantum yields and high photostability, make nanocrystals attractive for use in a variety of light-emitting technologies-for example, displays, fluorescence tagging, solid-state lighting and lasers. An important limitation for such applications, however, is the difficulty of achieving electrical pumping, largely due to the presence of an insulating organic capping layer on the nanocrystals. Here, we describe an approach for indirect injection of electron-hole pairs (the electron-hole radiative recombination gives rise to light emission) into nanocrystals by non-contact, non-radiative energy transfer from a proximal quantum well that can in principle be pumped either electrically or optically. Our theoretical and experimental results indicate that this transfer is fast enough to compete with electron-hole recombination in the quantum well, and results in greater than 50 per cent energy-transfer efficiencies in the tested structures. Furthermore, the measured energy-transfer rates are sufficiently large to provide pumping in the stimulated emission regime, indicating the feasibility of nanocrystal-based optical amplifiers and lasers based on this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - POTENTIAL theory (Physics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
N1  - Accession Number: 13396712; Achermann, Marc 1; Email Address: achermann@lanl.gov; Petruska, Melissa A. 1; Kos, Simon 1; Smith, Darryl L. 1; Koleske, Daniel D. 2; Klimov, Victor I. 1; Source Information: 6/10/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6992, p642; Subject: ENERGY transfer; Subject: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject: QUANTUM wells; Subject: POTENTIAL theory (Physics); Subject: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02571
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fong, Dillon D.
AU  - Stephenson, G. Brian
AU  - Streiffer, Stephen K.
AU  - Eastman, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Auciello, Orlando
AU  - Fuoss, Paul H.
AU  - Thompson, Carol
T1  - Ferroetectricity in Ultrathin Perovskite Films.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5677
M3  - Article
SP  - 1650
EP  - 1653
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Understanding the suppression of ferroelectricity in perovskite thin films is a fundamental issue that has remained unresolved for decades. We report a synchrotron x-ray study of lead titanate as a function of temperature and film thickness for films as thin as a single unit cell. At room temperature, the ferroelectric phase is stable for thicknesses down to 3 unit cells (1.2 nanometers). Our results imply that no thickness limit is imposed on practical devices by an intrinsic ferroelectric size effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 13512887; Fong, Dillon D. 1; Stephenson, G. Brian 1; Streiffer, Stephen K. 1; Email Address: stephenson@anl.gov; Eastman, Jeffrey A. 1; Auciello, Orlando 1; Fuoss, Paul H. 1; Thompson, Carol 2; Source Information: 6/11/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5677, p1650; Subject: THIN films; Subject: PEROVSKITE; Subject: X-rays; Subject: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2776
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, John N.
AU  - Dresel, P. Evan
AU  - Conrad, Mark E.
AU  - Maher, Kate
AU  - dePaolo, Donald J.
T1  - Identifying the Sources of Subsurface Contamination at the Hanford Site in Washington using High-Precision Uranium Isotopic Measurements.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3330
EP  - 3337
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - In the mid-1990s, a groundwater plume of uranium (U) was detected in monitoring wells in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area at the Hanford Site in Washington. This area has been used since the late 1940s to store high-level radioactive waste and other products of U fuel-rod processing. Using multiple-collector ICP source magnetic sector mass spectrometry, high-precision uranium isotopic analyses were conducted of samples of vadose zone contamination and of groundwater. The isotope ratios 236U/238U, 234U/238U, and 238U/235U are used to distinguish contaminant sources. On the basis of the isotopic data, the source of the groundwater contamination appears to be related to a 1951 overflow event at tank BX-102 that spilled high-level U waste into the vadose zone. The U isotopic variation of the groundwater plume is a result of mixing between contaminant U from this spill and natural background U. Vadose zone u contamination at tank B-110 likely predates the recorded tank leak and can be ruled out as a significant source of groundwater contamination, based on the U isotopic composition. The locus of vadose zone contamination is displaced from the initial locus of groundwater contamination, indicating that lateral migration in the vadose zone was at least 8 times greater than vertical migration. The time evolution of the groundwater plume suggests an average U migration rate of ∼0.7-0.8 m/day showing slight retardation relative to a groundwater flow of ∼1 m/day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - WASTE management
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - HANFORD Site (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13659482; Christensen, John N. 1; Email Address: jnchristensen@lbl.gov; Dresel, P. Evan 2; Conrad, Mark E. 1; Maher, Kate 3; dePaolo, Donald J. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Center for Isotope Geochemistry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 70A4418, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K6-96, Richland, Washington 99352.; 3: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p3330; Thesaurus Term: POLLUTION; Thesaurus Term: WASTE management; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject Term: HANFORD Site (Wash.); Subject: WASHINGTON (State); Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breeze, A.J.
AU  - Schlesinger, Z.
AU  - Carter, S.A.
AU  - Tillmann, H.
AU  - Hörhold, H.-H.
T1  - Improving power efficiencies in polymer—polymer blend photovoltaics
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 271
SN  - 09270248
AB  - The use of blends of electron and hole transporting polymers has been shown to increase exciton dissociation and efficiency in polymer-based photovoltaics. We compare plain M3EH-PPV devices to M3EH-PPV:CN-ether-PPV blend devices, demonstrating the improved performance of blends. We vary the polymer layer thickness and device electrodes for M3EH-PPV:CN-ether-PPV polymer blend devices to investigate the factors limited device efficiency. We find that although the blends allow exciton dissociation to take place throughout the polymer layer, these devices are still limited by transport properties rather than by light absorption. Our best blend device, made with indium-tin oxide and Ca electrodes, gives a power conversion efficiency ηp=1.0%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Light absorption
KW  - Exciton theory
KW  - Electrodes
KW  - Carrier mobility
KW  - Charge transport
KW  - CN-ether-PPV
KW  - Exciton dissociation
KW  - M3EH-PPV
KW  - Polymer blends
KW  - Polymer solar cells
KW  - Titanium dioxide solgel
N1  - Accession Number: 13236860; Breeze, A.J. 1; Schlesinger, Z. 2; Carter, S.A. 2; Email Address: sacarter@cats.ucsc.edu; Tillmann, H. 3; Hörhold, H.-H. 3; Affiliations: 1 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 2 : Physics Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; 3 : Friedrich - Schiller - Universität, Jena, Germany;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 83 Issue 2/3, p263; Thesaurus Term: Polymers; Subject Term: Light absorption; Subject Term: Exciton theory; Subject Term: Electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carrier mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: CN-ether-PPV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exciton dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: M3EH-PPV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer blends; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer solar cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium dioxide solgel; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.02.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bowman, Gregory D.
AU  - O'Donnell, Mike
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural analysis of a eukaryotic sliding DNA clamp-clamp loader complex.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/17/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6993
M3  - Article
SP  - 724
EP  - 730
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Sliding clamps are ring-shaped proteins that encircle DNA and confer high processivity on DNA polymerases. Here we report the crystal structure of the five-protein clamp loader complex (replication factor-C, RFC) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bound to the sliding clamp (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA). Tight interfacial coordination of the ATP analogue ATP-?S by RFC results in a spiral arrangement of the ATPase domains of the clamp loader above the PCNA ring. Placement of a model for primed DNA within the central hole of PCNA reveals a striking correspondence between the RFC spiral and the grooves of the DNA double helix. This model, in which the clamp loader complex locks onto primed DNA in a screw-cap-like arrangement, provides a simple explanation for the process by which the engagement of primer-template junctions by the RFC:PCNA complex results in ATP hydrolysis and release of the sliding clamp on DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - EUKARYOTIC cells
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES
KW  - DNA replication
N1  - Accession Number: 13461031; Bowman, Gregory D. 1,2; O'Donnell, Mike 3; Kuriyan, John 1,2; Source Information: 6/17/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6993, p724; Subject: DNA; Subject: NUCLEIC acids; Subject: EUKARYOTIC cells; Subject: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject: SACCHAROMYCES; Subject: DNA replication; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02585
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Reibe, M.
AU  - Häffner, H.
AU  - Roos, C.F.
AU  - Hänsel, W.
AU  - Benhelm, J.
AU  - Lancaster, G.P.T.
AU  - Körber, T.W.
AU  - Becher, C.
AU  - Schmidt-Kaler, F.
AU  - James, D.F.V.
AU  - Blatt, R.
T1  - Deterministic quantum teleportation with atoms.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/17/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6993
M3  - Letter
SP  - 734
EP  - 737
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Teleportation of a quantum state encompasses the complete transfer of information from one particle to another. The complete specification of the quantum state of a system generally requires an infinite amount of information, even for simple two-level systems (qubits). Moreover, the principles of quantum mechanics dictate that any measurement on a system immediately alters its state, while yielding at most one bit of information. The transfer of a state from one system to another (by performing measurements on the first and operations on the second) might therefore appear impossible. However, it has been shown that the entangling properties of quantum mechanics, in combination with classical communication, allow quantum-state teleportation to be performed. Teleportation using pairs of entangled photons has been demonstrated, but such techniques are probabilistic, requiring post-selection of measured photons. Here, we report deterministic quantum-state teleportation between a pair of trapped calcium ions. Following closely the original proposal, we create a highly entangled pair of ions and perform a complete Bell-state measurement involving one ion from this pair and a third source ion. State reconstruction conditioned on this measurement is then performed on the other half of the entangled pair. The measured fidelity is 75%, demonstrating unequivocally the quantum nature of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELEPORTATION
KW  - PSYCHOKINESIS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - IONS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13461034; Reibe, M. 1; Häffner, H. 1; Roos, C.F. 1; Hänsel, W. 1; Benhelm, J. 1; Lancaster, G.P.T. 1; Körber, T.W. 1; Becher, C. 1; Schmidt-Kaler, F. 1; James, D.F.V. 2; Blatt, R. 1,3; Source Information: 6/17/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6993, p734; Subject: TELEPORTATION; Subject: PSYCHOKINESIS; Subject: QUANTUM theory; Subject: IONS; Subject: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1038/nature02570
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, Pamela
AU  - Arnold, Todd
AU  - McMakin, Andrea
T1  - Transforming market research into strategies.
JO  - Chemistry & Industry
JF  - Chemistry & Industry
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 17
SN  - 00093068
AB  - Analyzes the applications of the market assessment process by business enterprises in the chemical industry.  Application of interview data as basis for making business decisions; Importance of the proper assessment of the promotional strategy; Financial benefits of a carefully planned market research interviews.
KW  - BUSINESS enterprises
KW  - CHEMICAL industry
KW  - STRATEGIC planning
KW  - BUSINESS planning
KW  - MARKETING research
KW  - INTERVIEWING in marketing research
N1  - Accession Number: 13686056; Henderson, Pamela 1; Email Address: phenderson@meridianstrategies.com; Arnold, Todd 2; McMakin, Andrea 3; Email Address: andrea.mcmakin@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Associate professor of marketing, Washington State University Tri-Cities; 2: Assistant professor of marketing, Washington State University; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washigton; Issue Info: 6/21/2004, Issue 12, p16; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS enterprises; Thesaurus Term: CHEMICAL industry; Thesaurus Term: STRATEGIC planning; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS planning; Thesaurus Term: MARKETING research; Thesaurus Term: INTERVIEWING in marketing research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Modey, William K.
AU  - Eatough, Delbert J.
AU  - Anderson, Richard R.
AU  - Martello, Donald V.
AU  - Takahama, Satoshi
AU  - Lucas, Leonard J.
AU  - Davidson, Cliff I.
T1  - Ambient fine particulate concentrations and chemical composition at two sampling sites in metropolitan Pittsburgh: a 2001 intensive summer study
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/06/22/
VL  - 38
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3165
EP  - 3178
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The concentration and chemical composition of ambient fine particulate material (PM2.5) is reported for two sampling sites in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania metropolitan area: the Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) PM study site south of the city center, and the Carnegie Mellon Pittsburgh Air Quality Study (PAQS) site 5 km east of central Pittsburgh established with funding by the EPA Supersites Program and by DOE-NETL. Data from these sampling sites were characterized by one to three-day episodes with PM2.5 concentrations (constructed from the sum of the chemical components) exceeding 40.0 μg m-3. The episodes were dominated by high concentrations of ammonium sulfate. The fine particle concentrations were compared with meteorological data from surface weather maps and a Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT model), with back-trajectories estimated over 24 h. High PM2.5 concentrations were associated with transition from a high pressure to a low pressure regime in advance of an approaching frontal system indicating long-range transport of pollutants. In contrast, fine particulate organic material appeared to be dominated by nearby sources. Distinct differences were observed in the diurnal variations in concentration between the two sites. The NETL site showed clear maximum concentrations of semi-volatile organic material (SVOM) during midday, and minimum concentrations of nonvolatile organic compounds in the afternoon. In contrast, the Carnegie Mellon PAQS site showed an absence of diurnal variation in SVOM, but still with minimum concentrations of nonvolatile organic compounds in the afternoon and evening. Neither site showed significant diurnal variation in ammonium sulfate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ammonium sulfate
KW  - Particles
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - Local emissions
KW  - Long-range transport
KW  - Pittsburgh
KW  - PM2.5 composition
KW  - PM2.5 episode
KW  - Pittsburgh Central High School (Pa.)
N1  - Accession Number: 13181671; Modey, William K. 1; Eatough, Delbert J. 1; Email Address: delbert_eatough@byu.edu; Anderson, Richard R. 2; Martello, Donald V. 2; Takahama, Satoshi 3; Lucas, Leonard J. 3; Davidson, Cliff I. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; 2 : National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 3 : Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;  Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 38 Issue 20, p3165; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ammonium sulfate; Subject Term: Particles; Subject Term: Metropolitan areas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long-range transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pittsburgh; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM2.5 composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM2.5 episode; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Neal
T1  - Computer Counselor.
JO  - Appliance Manufacturer
JF  - Appliance Manufacturer
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 52
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 32
PB  - BNP Media
SN  - 0003679X
AB  - Focuses on the study concerning the sensor-based computer systems by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Use of sensors to communicate personal biofacts in real time to a computer; Development of baseline understanding of human response under pressure; Concern of some individuals on the possible intrusion of privacy on the use of the technology for executives in business settings.
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - MULTIMEDIA systems
KW  - REAL-time computing
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL apparatus
KW  - HUMAN physiology
KW  - ALBUQUERQUE (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13660868; Singer, Neal 1; Affiliations: 1: Communications Specialist, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, N.M.; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p31; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: MULTIMEDIA systems; Thesaurus Term: REAL-time computing; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGICAL apparatus; Subject Term: HUMAN physiology; Subject: ALBUQUERQUE (N.M.); Subject: NEW Mexico; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnard, James C.
AU  - Chapman, Elaine G.
AU  - Fast, Jerome D.
AU  - Schmelzer, John R.
AU  - Slusser, James R.
AU  - Shetter, Richard E.
T1  - An evaluation of the FAST-J photolysis algorithm for predicting nitrogen dioxide photolysis rates under clear and cloudy sky conditions
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 38
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3393
EP  - 3403
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The FAST-J algorithm was developed to quickly and accurately calculate photolysis rates under both clear and cloudy sky conditions. In this paper, photolysis rates of nitrogen dioxide were calculated using FAST-J and compared with measurements taken at two sites in the United States: Phoenix, Arizona, and Houston, Texas. The measurements were derived from either an actinic flux filter radiometer (Phoenix) or a spectroradiometer (Houston). A sun photometer sited nearby these radiometers provided irradiance measurements from which aerosol and cloud optical thicknesses were obtained. Aerosol single scattering albedo was not known, but was taken to be either 0.79 or 0.94, representative of either soot- or sulfate-like aerosols, respectively. These optical properties served as input to the FAST-J algorithm, which in turn was used to calculate photolysis rates. For both clear and cloudy sky cases, the modeled and measured photolysis rates agree within the uncertainties of the measurements for a single scattering albedo of 0.94. For a single scattering albedo of 0.79, the agreement is again within the uncertainty limits except for the cloudy sky case in Houston. The results suggest that the FAST-J code may be a practical algorithm for use in atmospheric chemical transport models that make repeated calls to photolysis rate subroutines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - United States
KW  - Cloud optical thickness
KW  - Cloudy sky
KW  - NO2 photolysis
KW  - Radiative transfer model
KW  - Single scattering albedo
N1  - Accession Number: 13166807; Barnard, James C. 1; Email Address: james.barnard@pnl.gov; Chapman, Elaine G. 1; Fast, Jerome D. 1; Schmelzer, John R. 1; Slusser, James R. 2; Shetter, Richard E. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN: K:9-30, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P. O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2 : Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, USDA UVB Monitoring and Research Network, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA; 3 : National Center for Atmospheric Research, 1850 Table Mesa Dr, Boulder, CO 80305, USA;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 38 Issue 21, p3393; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen dioxide; Subject Term: Algorithms; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloud optical thickness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloudy sky; Author-Supplied Keyword: NO2 photolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative transfer model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single scattering albedo; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=13166807&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, E. Eugene
T1  - Sarbanes—Oxley—a huge boon to information security in the US.
JO  - Computers & Security
JF  - Computers & Security
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 23
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 354
SN  - 01674048
AB  - This article shares the author's thoughts concerning the impact of the U.S. Sarbanes&mdashOxley Act of 2003 on information security. The author relates that for years information security professionals have struggled to vault their information practices into positions of prominence and influence, ones that have strategic value to their organization. As staff within organizations tasked with achieving compliance studied the provisions of the Act, it became increasingly apparent that the adequacy of controls depends substantially on mainstream issues for security professionals. Hence, many chief information security officers who formerly had to use their very best personal and political skills to gain approval for addressing security-related concerns are finding their task easier. What this seems to indicate is that of all the tools in the proverbial arsenals, compliance rather than communicating risk-related concerns or trying to prove how security is an enabler may be the most effective approach.
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - COMPUTER network security
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - INFORMATION services
KW  - LAW & legislation
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14109597; Schultz, E. Eugene 1; Email Address: eeugeneschultz2@aol.com; Affiliations: 1: Principal Computer Engineer, University of California-Berkeley Lab; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 23 Issue 5, p353; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION technology; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER network security; Thesaurus Term: SECURITY systems; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION services; Subject Term: LAW & legislation; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cose.2004.05.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14109597&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mozumder, Pallab
AU  - Marathe, Achla
AD  - U NM
AD  - Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM
T1  - Gains from an Integrated Market for Tradable Renewable Energy Credits
JO  - Ecological Economics
JF  - Ecological Economics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 49
IS  - 3
SP  - 259
EP  - 272
SN  - 09218009
N1  - Accession Number: 0772730; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: Australia; Europe; U.S.; Geographic Region: Oceania; Europe; Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200505
N2  - Decoupling the environmental attributes of renewable energy (RE) generation from the physical unit of energy is an innovative mechanism for marketing green or renewable power. The introduction of "Tradable Renewable Energy Credits" (TRECs) allows the green power attributes of energy to be sold or traded separately from the physical unit of energy. Since the green power certificate system removes potential locational and physical bottlenecks, both suppliers and consumers gain flexibility in the marketplace. The TREC is also an efficient tool to meet "Renewable Portfolio Standard" (RPS) required by different states in the US. This paper discusses the RPS requirements for different states and examines the implications of an integrated TREC market. It offers a competitive setting to the consumers to pay for renewable energy and a cost effective tool to support renewable energy generation [Grace and Wiser, 2002]. This paper also highlights some practical difficulties that should be addressed in order to establish an efficient integrated TREC market.
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
KW  - Energy: Government Policy          Q48
L3  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0772730&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.01.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218009
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gillooly, James F.
AU  - Brown, James H.
AU  - Allen, Andrew P.
AU  - Savage, Van M.
AU  - West, Geoffrey B.
T1  - TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY.
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1771
EP  - 1789
SN  - 00129658
AB  - Metabolism provides a basis for using first principles of physics, chemistry, and biology to link the biology of individual organisms to the ecology of populations, communities, and ecosystems. Metabolic rate, the rate at which organisms take up, transform, and expend energy and materials, is the most fundamental biological rate. We have developed a quantitative theory for how metabolic rate varies with body size and temperature. Metabolic theory predicts how metabolic rate, by setting the rates of resource uptake from the environment and resource allocation to survival, growth, and reproduction, controls ecological processes at all levels of organization from individuals to the biosphere. Examples include: (1) life history attributes, including development rate, mortality rate, age at maturity, life span, and population growth rate; (2) population interactions, including carrying capacity, rates of competition and predation, and patterns of species diversity; and (3) ecosystem processes, including rates of biomass production and respiration and patterns of trophic dynamics. Data compiled from the ecological literature strongly support the theoretical predictions. Eventually, metabolic theory may provide a conceptual foundation for much of ecology, just as genetic theory provides a foundation for much of evolutionary biology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Life sciences
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Social indicators
KW  - Body size
KW  - allometry
KW  - biogeochemical cycles
KW  - body size
KW  - development
KW  - ecological interactions
KW  - ecological theory
KW  - metabolism
KW  - population growth
KW  - production
KW  - stoichiometry
KW  - temperature
KW  - trophic dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14197075; Gillooly, James F. 1; Brown, James H. 1,2,3; Email Address: jhbrown@unm.edu; Allen, Andrew P. 1; Savage, Van M. 2,3; West, Geoffrey B. 2,3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131 USA.; 2 : Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 USA.; 3 : Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA.;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 7, p1771; Thesaurus Term: Life sciences; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Physiology; Subject Term: Metabolism; Subject Term: Social indicators; Subject Term: Body size; Author-Supplied Keyword: allometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogeochemical cycles; Author-Supplied Keyword: body size; Author-Supplied Keyword: development; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: population growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: production; Author-Supplied Keyword: stoichiometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: trophic dynamics; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, James H.
AU  - Gillooly, James F.
AU  - Allen, Andrew P.
AU  - Savage, Van M.
AU  - West, Geoffrey B.
T1  - RESPONSE TO FORUM COMMENTARY ON "TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY".
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1818
EP  - 1821
SN  - 00129658
AB  - The Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE) offers mechanistic explanations for linking many ecological patterns and processes to biological, physical, and chemical constraints on individual organisms. MTE suggests that underlying the diversity of living things and the complexity of ecological systems are fundamental unities, some of which reflect how first principles of biology, physics, and chemistry govern the fluxes and pools of energy and materials within organisms and between organisms and their environments. The values of the allometric exponents for whole-organism metabolic rate and other biological rates and times are ultimately empirical questions. These questions have intrigued biologists for about 70 years. It is problematic to claim a definitive value based on analyses of existing data on mammalian and avian basal metabolic rates. The values of the allometric exponents for whole-organism metabolic rate and other biological rates and times are ultimately empirical questions.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biodiversity
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Naturalists
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Metabolism
N1  - Accession Number: 14197087; Brown, James H. 1,2; Gillooly, James F. 1; Allen, Andrew P. 1; Savage, Van M. 2,3; West, Geoffrey B. 2,3; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 USA.; 2 : Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 USA.; 3 : Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA.;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 7, p1818; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biodiversity; Thesaurus Term: Physiology; Thesaurus Term: Naturalists; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Subject Term: Metabolism; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
AU  - Castillo-Chavez, Carlos
AU  - Fenimore, Paul W.
AU  - Kribs-Zaleta, Christopher M.
AU  - Arriola, Leon
AU  - Hyman, James M.
T1  - Model Parameters and Outbreak Control for SARS.
JO  - Emerging Infectious Diseases
JF  - Emerging Infectious Diseases
J1  - Emerging Infectious Diseases
PY  - 2004/07//
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 10
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1258
EP  - 1263
PB  - Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
SN  - 10806040
AB  - Control of the 2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak was based on rapid diagnosis coupled with effective patient isolation. We used uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the basic reproductive number R0 to assess the role that model parameters play in outbreak control. The transmission rate and isolation effectiveness have the largest fractional effect on R0. We estimated the distribution of the reproductive number R0 under perfect isolation conditions. The distribution lies in the interquartile range 0.19-1.08, with a median of 0.49. Even though the median of R0 is <1, we found that 25% of our R0 distribution lies at R0 > 1, even with perfect isolation. This implies the need to simultaneously apply more than one method of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Emerging Infectious Diseases is the property of Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SARS (Disease)
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention
KW  - EPIDEMICS
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Transmission
KW  - DISEASE management
N1  - Accession Number: 13737073; Source Information: Jul2004, Vol. 10 Issue 7, p1258; Subject Term: SARS (Disease); Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention; Subject Term: EPIDEMICS; Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Transmission; Subject Term: DISEASE management; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 6p; ; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edmonds, Jae
AU  - Clarke, John
AU  - Dooley, James
AU  - Kim, Son H.
AU  - Smith, Steven J.
T1  - Stabilization of CO2 in a B2 world: insights on the roles of carbon capture and disposal, hydrogen, and transportation technologies
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 537
SN  - 01409883
AB  - We examine the potential role of several energy technologies, including carbon capture and dispose (CC and D), hydrogen and advanced transportation systems, on the cost of stabilizing CO2 concentrations. While not currently deployed at scale, CC and D, hydrogen energy systems, and biotechnology have the potential to be major components of the global energy system by the middle of the 21st century. Other technologies, such as renewables, nuclear power and energy efficiency also play critical roles in addressing climate change. The development of advanced technologies in the absence of limitations on the concentration of carbon dioxide need not lead to CO2 stabilization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - ACCLIMATIZATION
KW  - Climate Change
KW  - Greenhouse
KW  - Integrated assessment
KW  - Q40
KW  - Technology
KW  - Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14373966; Edmonds, Jae; Email Address: jae@pnl.gov; Clarke, John 1; Dooley, James 1; Kim, Son H. 1; Smith, Steven J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740-2496, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p517; Thesaurus Term: BIOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: ACCLIMATIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate Change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Integrated assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Q40; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sands, Ronald D.
T1  - Dynamics of carbon abatement in the Second Generation Model
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 721
EP  - 738
SN  - 01409883
AB  - The Second Generation Model (SGM) is a collection of computable-general-equilibrium models developed for analysis of policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Behavior of the Second Generation Model, with respect to changes in carbon prices, can be summarized using marginal abatement cost curves. Marginal abatement costs vary over time, as capital stocks adjust to a new set of prices, and across countries, depending in part on the mix of fuels in the existing energy system. This paper documents the production structure in SGM, marginal abatement cost curves derived from SGM with constant-carbon-price experiments, an application to several Energy Modeling Forum scenarios, and a methodology for including carbon capture and disposal in SGM. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - FUEL
KW  - Climate policy analysis
KW  - General equilibrium modeling
KW  - Q40
N1  - Accession Number: 14373977; Sands, Ronald D. 1; Email Address: Ronald.Sands@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Joint Global Change Research Institute Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p721; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: FUEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate policy analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: General equilibrium modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Q40; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan
AU  - Walerczyk, Stan
T1  - YOUR LETTERS.
JO  - Energy User News
JF  - Energy User News
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
PB  - BNP Media
SN  - 01629131
AB  - Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues.  Information on total electricity used by information and communication technology; "Lighting Controls Save Energy," which focused on program-start ballasts.
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - COMMUNICATION & technology
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - BALLASTS (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 13814418; Koomey, Jonathan 1,2; Walerczyk, Stan 3; Email Address: lightingwizard@sbcglobal.net; Affiliations: 1: Visiting Professor of Energy and Environment, Stanford University; 2: Staff Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 3: Principal of Lighting Wizards and R.A.D. Lighting; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 29 Issue 7, p6; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION technology; Thesaurus Term: COMMUNICATION & technology; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: BALLASTS (Electricity); Number of Pages: 3/4p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kline, Keith L.
T1  - KEEPING FAITH WITH NATURE: ECOSYSTEMS, DEMOCRACY, AND AMERICA'S PUBLIC LANDS (Book).
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
J1  - Environment
PY  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 46
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 44
EP  - 45
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - Reviews the book 'Keeping Faith with Nature: Ecosystems, Democracy, and America's Public Lands' by Robert B. Keiter.
KW  - KEEPING Faith With Nature: Ecosystems, Democracy & America's Public Lands (Book)
KW  - KEITER, Robert B.
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - NONFICTION
N1  - Accession Number: 13715237; Source Information: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 46 Issue 6, p44; Subject Term: KEEPING Faith With Nature: Ecosystems, Democracy & America's Public Lands (Book); Subject Term: KEITER, Robert B.; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; ; Document Type: Book Review; ; Full Text Word Count: 322; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Criss, Robert E.
AU  - Davisson, M. Lee
T1  - Fertilizers, Water Quality, and Human Health.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 112
IS  - 10
M3  - Editorial
SP  - A536
EP  - A536
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 00916765
AB  - Editorial. Comments on the nitrate contamination of surface water and groundwater in the U.S. Excess nitrates produced by fertilizer use; Effect of nitrates on water quality; Evidence of excess nitrates becoming nonpoint source pollution.
KW  - Nitrates -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Nonpoint source pollution
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Water quality
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13819111; Criss, Robert E. 1; Email Address: criss@wustl.edu; Davisson, M. Lee 2; Affiliations: 1 : Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; 2 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 112 Issue 10, pA536; Thesaurus Term: Nitrates -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Nonpoint source pollution; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Renyou
AU  - Diwekar, Urmila
AU  - Padró, Catherine E. Grégoire
T1  - Efficient Sampling Techniques for Uncertainties in Risk Analysis.
JO  - Environmental Progress
JF  - Environmental Progress
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - 157
SN  - 02784491
AB  - Presents new sampling technique based on Quasi-Monte Carlo sequences and Latin hypercube sampling. Technique for uncertainties in risk analysis; Efficiency of the sampling technique; Identification of potential health effects associated with exposure to hazardous materials.
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Hazardous substance exposure
KW  - Sampling (Process)
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Hypercube
KW  - Risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 13877891; Wang, Renyou 1; Diwekar, Urmila 1; Email Address: urmila@uic.edu; Padró, Catherine E. Grégoire 2; Affiliations: 1 : Center for Uncertain Systems, Tools for Optimization and Management, (CUSTOM), Department of Chemical Engineering, and Institute for Environmental Science and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607; 2 : Hydrogen Systems, MST-11, MS D429, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p141; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substance exposure; Subject Term: Sampling (Process); Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Hypercube; Subject Term: Risk assessment; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butcher, Thomas
T1  - Heating with Oil--New Developments.
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 15
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Deals with the benefits of heating oil technology.  Background on the development of an oil-fired condensing warm-air furnace sponsored by the National Oilheat Research Alliance; Classification of condensing boiler designs; Details on fuel-related advancements in oil heat.  INSET: The Fate of Sulfur During Combustion.
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Technology
KW  - Heating
KW  - Boilers
KW  - Design
N1  - Accession Number: 13636476; Butcher, Thomas 1; Email Address: butcher@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Head, Energy Resources Division,  Brookhaven National Laboratory;  Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p12; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Subject Term: Heating; Subject Term: Boilers; Subject Term: Design; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Anne
T1  - Two Russian computing archives.
JO  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
JF  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
J1  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
PY  - 2004/07//Jul-Sep2004
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul-Sep2004
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 62
SN  - 10586180
AB  - The Russian Academy of Sciences is supporting the opening of two computing history sites. The first, an archive in Akademgorodok, Siberia, contains the papers of Andre P. Ershov, a Soviet pioneer of information processing. The archive is sponsored in part by Microsoft Research Ltd. and has a good English-language Web page. The archive also has a well-organized physical library. The staff has digitized many of the documents held there and made them accessible remotely. The second is Yakov Fet's History of Computing in Siberia site at Novosibirsk State University.
KW  - RUSSIAN Academy of Sciences
KW  - WEBSITES
KW  - ARCHIVES
KW  - INFORMATION processing
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - MICROSOFT Corp.
KW  - SIBERIA (Russia)
KW  - RUSSIA
N1  - Accession Number: 14267853; Source Information: Jul-Sep2004, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p62; Subject Term: RUSSIAN Academy of Sciences; Subject Term: WEBSITES; Subject Term: ARCHIVES; Subject Term: INFORMATION processing; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: MICROSOFT Corp.; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: SIBERIA (Russia); Geographic Subject: RUSSIA; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 1/6p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Mason, Jeff
T1  - Algebraic Two-Satellite TOA/FOA Position Solution on an Ellipsoidal Earth.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1087
EP  - 1092
SN  - 00189251
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about geolocation systems employing a constellation of satellite-based receivers.
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 15039521; Mason, Jeff 1; Email Address: jjmason@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Radar and Signal Analysis Department 2344, Sandia National  Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0519.; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p1087; Thesaurus Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waldschmidt, Geoff
AU  - Taflove, Allen
T1  - Three-Dimensional CAD-Based Mesh Generator for the Dey -- Mittra Conformal FDTD Algorithm.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
PY  - 2004/07//
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 52
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1658
EP  - 1664
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - It is well-known that the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is subject to significant errors due to the staircasing of surfaces that are not precisely aligned with major grid planes. Dey and Mittra introduced a locally conformal method (D-FDTD) that has shown substantial gains in the accuracy of modeling arbitrary surfaces in the FDTD grid. A mesh generator for this purpose was reported by Yu and Mittra. In this paper, we present the formulation and validation of an alternative CAD-based mesh generator for D-FDTD that has improved capabilities for arbitrary three-dimensional (3-D) perfect electric conductor (PEC) geometries. This mesh generator is capable of importing AutoCad and ProE files of 3-D PEC scatterers and resonators. It can reduce the required FDTD grid resolution by up to 4:1 in each Cartesian direction in 3-D relative to conventional staircased FDTD models when modeling cavity resonances of complex PEC structures such as twisted waveguides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - BUS conductors (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 13913961; Source Information: Jul2004, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p1658; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: BUS conductors (Electricity); Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 7p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TAP.2004.831334
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, David H.
AU  - Berryman, James G.
T1  - Analysis of the Time-Reversal Operator for a Small Spherical Scatterer in an Electromagnetic Field.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
PY  - 2004/07//
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 52
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1729
EP  - 1738
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - The time-reversal operator (TRO) for a planar array of crossed dipole elements illuminating a small conducting and/or dielectric sphere is investigated in order to determine the general properties of an electromagnetic time-reversing array system. The behavior of such a system for a given frequency is analyzed by studying the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the TRO. Each eigenvector specifies a set of complex driving currents for the array elements that produce received voltages that are proportional to the conjugates of the drive currents. The proportionality constant is equal to the square root of the associated eigenvalue and is the same for all elements. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors can be deter- mined by performing a singular value decomposition (SVD) on the multistatic data matrix of the array. The eigenvalues of the TRO are the squares of the singular values, and the eigenvectors are identical to the singular vectors. We have shown that the maximum number of singular vectors associated with the sphere is equal to the number of orthogonal orientations of the dipole moments induced in the sphere when irradiated by the array, so there is a maximum of six for a conducting sphere but only three are significant when the conductivity is small and the sphere may be considered being just a dielectric. Numerical results are presented for linear and circular arrays to show the general behavior of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - DIPOLE antennas
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
KW  - VECTOR spaces
N1  - Accession Number: 13913969; Source Information: Jul2004, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p1729; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: DIPOLE antennas; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; Subject Term: VECTOR spaces; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 10p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TAP.2004.831323
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu-Ying Chiu
AU  - Diong, Bill
AU  - Gemmen, Randall S.
T1  - An Improved Small-Signal Model of the Dynamic Behavior of PEM Fuel Cells.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 970
EP  - 977
SN  - 00939994
AB  - The dynamic behavior of a fuel cell is integral to the overall stability and performance of the power system formed by the fuel supply, fuel cell stack, power conditioner, and electrical load. Present-day fuel cells have transient (dynamic) responses that are much slower than the responses of the typical power conditioner and load to which they are attached. This disparity has significant implications on the overall power system design. In particular, some form of energy storage with adequate quick charge/discharge capability is usually needed to provide firm power backup during electrical load increases. This paper describes an effort to improve the small-signal modeling of a Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell's dynamic behavior as an initial step toward prescribing internal design modifications and/or external controller designs to improve its transient behavior. Such improvements will allow for reduced energy storage while increasing the number of suitable storage technology options. Simulation results obtained from the proposed model are presented along with corresponding test results, which show generally good agreement with each other and indicate that this model is to be preferred to another one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - PERFORMANCE
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - Dynamic response
KW  - Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells
KW  - small-signal model
N1  - Accession Number: 13964700; Lu-Ying Chiu 1; Email Address: Chiu_L_Y@yahoo.com; Diong, Bill 1; Email Address: bdiong@ece.utep.edu; Gemmen, Randall S. 2; Email Address: randall.gemrnen@netl.doe.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas, El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902 USA.; 2: Combustion and Engine Dynamics Division, National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880 USA; Issue Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p970; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: PERFORMANCE; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: small-signal model; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TIA.2004.830746
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinar, Ali
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
T1  - Interprocessor Communication with Limited Memory.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems
PY  - 2004/07//
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 15
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 606
EP  - 616
SN  - 10459219
AB  - Many parallel applications require periodic redistribution of workloads and associated data. In a distributed memory computer, this redistribution can be difficult if limited memory is available for receiving messages. We propose a model for optimizing the exchange of messages under such circumstances which we call the minimum phase remapping problem. We first show that the problem is NP-Complete, and then analyze several methodologies for addressing it. First, we show how the problem can be phrased as an instance of multicommodity flow. Next, we study a continuous approximation to the problem. We show that this continuous approximation has a solution which requires at most two more phases than the optimal discrete solution, but the question of how to consistently obtain a good discrete solution from the continuous problem remains open. We also devise a simple and practical approximation algorithm for the problem with a bound of 1.5 times the optimal number of phases. We also present an empirical study of variations of our algorithms which indicate that our approaches are quite practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 13705512; Source Information: Jul2004, Vol. 15 Issue 7, p606; Subject Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 11p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenberg, Harvey J.
AU  - Hart, William E.
AU  - Lancia, Giuseppe
T1  - Opportunities for Combinatorial Optimization in Computational Biology.
JO  - INFORMS Journal on Computing
JF  - INFORMS Journal on Computing
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 231
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 10919856
AB  - This is a survey designed for mathematical programming people who do not know molecular biology and want to learn the kinds of combinatorial optimization problems that arise. After a brief introduction to the biology, we present optimization models pertaining to sequencing, evolutionary explanations, structure prediction, and recognition. Additional biology is given in the context of the problems, including some motivation for disease diagnosis and drug discovery. Open problems are cited with an extensive bibliography, and we offer a guide to getting started in this exciting frontier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of INFORMS Journal on Computing is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - DYNAMIC programming
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL biology
KW  - assembly
KW  - combinatorial optimization
KW  - computational biology
KW  - global optimization
KW  - integer programming
KW  - minimum energy
KW  - molecular structure prediction
KW  - protein alignment
KW  - protein folding
KW  - rearrangements
KW  - sequence alignment
KW  - SNP
KW  - sorting by reversals
N1  - Accession Number: 14276956; Greenberg, Harvey J. 1; Email Address: harvey.greenberg@cudenver.edu; Hart, William E. 2; Email Address: wehart@sandia.gov; Lancia, Giuseppe 3; Email Address: lancia@dimi.uniud.it; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics Department, University of Colorado at Denver, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, USA; 2: Discrete Algorithms and Mathematics, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1110, USA; 3: Departimento di Matematica e Informatica, Università di Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy; Issue Info: Summer2004, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p211; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: NONLINEAR programming; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Thesaurus Term: DYNAMIC programming; Thesaurus Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: combinatorial optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: global optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: integer programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular structure prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein folding; Author-Supplied Keyword: rearrangements; Author-Supplied Keyword: sequence alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: SNP; Author-Supplied Keyword: sorting by reversals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen, Y.-L.
AU  - Abell, K. C. R.
AU  - Garrett, S. E.
T1  - Effects of Grain Boundary Sliding on Microstructural Evolution and Damage Accumulation in Tin-Lead Alloy.
JO  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 240
SN  - 10567895
AB  - Experiments on the eutectic tin-lead (Sn-Pb) alloys were conducted to study the effects of grain boundary sliding on the deformation and damage processes at the microscopic level. The primary objective is to gain mechanistic undersanding of solder joint reliability in microelectronic packaging. Bulk specimens were subjected to relatively fast deformations of tension, compression, and bending, for the purposes of examining the pure mechanical effect without the influence of diffusion-related phenomena. Grain realignment and phase redistribution were characterized by microscopy and microhardness indentation. A micromechanical model is proposed to elucidate the observed microstructural changes and progressive damage. This study illustrates the significance of damage in the form of microscopic heterogeneity caused by grain boundary sliding. It also illustrates the possibility of mechanically induced phase coarsening in actual solder joints. High-frequency cyclic shear tests on Sn-Pb solder joints showed damage along the coarsened band after only a short time, in accord with the proposed effects. Boundary sliding without the influence of atomic diffusion plays an essential role in fatigue damage in solder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Damage Mechanics is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - MICROELECTRONIC packaging
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - eutectic tin-lead alloy
KW  - fatigue damage
KW  - grain boundary sliding
KW  - microstructure
KW  - solder
N1  - Accession Number: 14096669; Shen, Y.-L. 1; Abell, K. C. R. 1; Garrett, S. E. 2; Source Information: Jul2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p225; Subject: ALLOYS; Subject: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject: MICROELECTRONIC packaging; Subject: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: eutectic tin-lead alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: fatigue damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain boundary sliding; Author-Supplied Keyword: microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: solder; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 10 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1056789504042594
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin Sun
AU  - Khaleel, Mohammad A.
T1  - Modeling of Glass Fracture Damage Using Continuum Damage Mechanics - Static Spherical Indentation.
JO  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 285
SN  - 10567895
AB  - The response of soda-lime glass subjected to the stress field induced by the static indentation of a spherical indenter is studied using continuum damage mechanics (CDM). An anisotropic damage tensor with linear damage evolution law is chosen to model the cracking damage. An axisymmetric finite element model is generated to simulate the static indentation process. The damage pattern and zone size are predicted for both the loading cycle and the unloading cycle, and the comparison between the predictions and the experimental results reported in the open literature serves as a validation of the CDM model and the modeling procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Damage Mechanics is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTINUUM damage mechanics
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - GLASS
KW  - continuum damage mechanics
KW  - damage pattern
KW  - glass fracture damage
KW  - spherical indentation
N1  - Accession Number: 14096671; Xin Sun 1; Khaleel, Mohammad A. 2; Source Information: Jul2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p263; Subject: CONTINUUM damage mechanics; Subject: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject: FINITE element method; Subject: ANISOTROPY; Subject: GLASS; Author-Supplied Keyword: continuum damage mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: damage pattern; Author-Supplied Keyword: glass fracture damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: spherical indentation; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 11 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1056789504042593
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geernaert, Gerald
AU  - Zlatev, Zahari
T1  - Studying the influence of biogenic emissions on AOT40 levels in Europe.
JO  - International Journal of Environment & Pollution
JF  - International Journal of Environment & Pollution
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 42
SN  - 09574352
AB  - It is well known that the uncertainties in determination of biogenic emissions are very large (some authors claim that these emissions are underestimated in certain areas of the world by up to ten times). On the other hand, anthropogenic emissions in some areas of the world have been reduced very considerably during the last two decades (this is especially true for Europe). This fact shows clearly that the importance of biogenic emissions is increasing, because the ratio of biogenic emissions to total emissions, where the total emissions are equal to the sum of biogenic and anthropogenic emissions, is increasing. It is, therefore, necessary to study carefully the sensitivity of pollution levels to variations of biogenic emissions. A long series of runs with different scenarios, in which both biogenic and anthropogenic emissions were varied, has been performed. The influence of both types of emission on AOT40 values, which have damaging effects on corns when certain critical values are exceeded, was studied. The results show clearly that biogenic emissions must also be taken into account when control strategies are developed for reducing anthropogenic emissions in order either to reduce some high pollution levels to prescribed critical levels or to keep them below the critical levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environment & Pollution is the property of Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Analytical chemistry
KW  - air pollution models
KW  - AOT40 values
KW  - biogenic emissions
KW  - ozone levels
KW  - scenarios
KW  - volatile organic compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14938566; Geernaert, Gerald 1; Email Address: geernaert@lanl.gov; Zlatev, Zahari 2; Email Address: zz@dmu.dk; Affiliations: 1 : Insitute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS C-305, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2 : National Environmental Research Institute, Department of Atmospheric Environment, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;  Source Info: 2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1/2, p29; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject Term: Analytical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: air pollution models; Author-Supplied Keyword: AOT40 values; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogenic emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone levels; Author-Supplied Keyword: scenarios; Author-Supplied Keyword: volatile organic compounds; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moran, Mike
AU  - Berman, Marc
AU  - Morasch, Launa
T1  - Energy management: How to deliver cost savings in a time of rising rates.
JO  - Journal of Facilities Management
JF  - Journal of Facilities Management
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 40
SN  - 14725967
AB  - Keeping energy costs contained during a time of rising rates takes ingenuity, coordination, perseverance and educated staff. Facility managers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory did not invent something new, they simply took advantage of resources that were already available to lower energy and water consumption. This case study shows how their efforts over the past few years have provided cost savings to the company and national recognition of their efforts. Overall, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has reduced energy consumption per square foot by 33 per cent in office buildings and by 42 per cent in laboratory buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Facilities Management is the property of Emerald Group Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - FACILITY management
KW  - INDUSTRIAL buildings
KW  - WATER consumption
KW  - energy conservation
KW  - green power
KW  - sustainable
KW  - utility rates
N1  - Accession Number: 14044229; Moran, Mike 1; Email Address: mike.moran@pnl.gov; Berman, Marc 2; Morasch, Launa 3; Affiliations: 1: Manager in Facilities and Operations with Battelle/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 2: Energy Engineer in Engineering and Design Services with Battelle/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 3: Technical Writer with Battelle/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p27; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY consumption; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY conservation; Thesaurus Term: POWER resources; Thesaurus Term: FACILITY management; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL buildings; Subject Term: WATER consumption; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy conservation; Author-Supplied Keyword: green power; Author-Supplied Keyword: sustainable; Author-Supplied Keyword: utility rates; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531120 Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joy, D.C.
AU  - Prasad, M.S.
AU  - Meyer III, H.M.
T1  - Experimental secondary electron spectra under SEM conditions.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 215
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 85
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Secondary electron spectra have been collected from both pure elements and from compounds examined under conditions approximating those found in a scanning electron microscope. Despite the presence of substantial surface contamination these spectra are found to be reproducible and characteristic of the underlying material. Typically the peak in such spectra is found to be at an energy of about 5 eV, and 50% of the total secondary electron emission falls within the range 0–12 eV. These data may be of value for the design of detectors for scanning microscopy and might have applications for microanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Electron spectroscopy
KW  - microanalysis
KW  - secondary electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 13604437; Joy, D.C. 1,2; Email Address: djoy@utk.edu; Prasad, M.S. 1; Meyer III, H.M. 2; Source Information: Jul2004, Vol. 215 Issue 1, p77; Subject: SCANNING electron microscopes; Subject: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject: MICROSCOPY; Subject: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: microanalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: secondary electrons; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0022-2720.2004.01345.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, Gerry O.
T1  - Estimating Service Lives of Organic Vapor Cartridges II: A Single Vapor at All Humidities.
JO  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 1
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 472
EP  - 492
SN  - 15459624
AB  - A widely used equation model for estimating service lives of organic vapor air-purifying respirator cartridges has been updated with more recent research results. It has been expanded to account for effects of high relative humidities. Adsorption capacity competition between water vapor and organic vapor is largely explained by mutual exclusion of adsorption volume of the activated carbon. The Dubinin/Radushkevich equation is used to describe the adsorption isotherms of both water and organic vapors. Effects of relative humidity and adsorbed water on adsorption rates are described by an empirical correlation with breakthrough times. The dynamic natures of adsorption and competition are incorporated using an expanding zone model with displaced water rollup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESPIRATORS (Medical equipment)
KW  - AIR -- Purification
KW  - HUMIDITY
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - SERVICE life (Engineering)
KW  - AIR quality management
KW  - cartridge
KW  - humidity
KW  - organic vapor
N1  - Accession Number: 13824292; Wood, Gerry O. 1; Email Address: gerry@lanl.gov; Source Information: Jul2004, Vol. 1 Issue 7, p472; Subject: RESPIRATORS (Medical equipment); Subject: AIR -- Purification; Subject: HUMIDITY; Subject: VAPORS; Subject: SERVICE life (Engineering); Subject: AIR quality management; Author-Supplied Keyword: cartridge; Author-Supplied Keyword: humidity; Author-Supplied Keyword: organic vapor; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heredia-Langner, Alejandro
AU  - Montgomery, Douglas C.
AU  - Carlyle, W. Matthew
AU  - Borror, Connie M.
T1  - Model-Robust Optimal Designs: A Genetic Algorithm Approach.
JO  - Journal of Quality Technology
JF  - Journal of Quality Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 279
SN  - 00224065
AB  - A model-robust design is an experimental array that has high efficiency with respect to a particular optimization criterion for every member of a set of candidate models that are of interest to the experimenter. We present a technique to construct model-robust alphabetically-optimal designs using genetic algorithms. The technique is useful in situations where computer-generated designs are most likely to be employed, particularly experiments with mixtures and response surface experiments in constrained regions. Examples illustrating the procedure are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quality Technology is the property of American Society for Quality, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - OPTIMAL designs (Statistics)
KW  - GENETIC programming (Computer science)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Computer Generated Designs
KW  - Multiobjective Optimization
KW  - Response Surface Methodology
N1  - Accession Number: 13863898; Heredia-Langner, Alejandro 1; Email Address: Alejandro.Heredia-Langner@pnl.gov; Montgomery, Douglas C. 2; Email Address: doug.montgomery@asu.edu; Carlyle, W. Matthew 3; Email Address: mcarlyle@nps.navy.mil; Borror, Connie M. 4; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352; 2: Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5906; 3: Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943-5001; 4: Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p263; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Subject Term: OPTIMAL designs (Statistics); Subject Term: GENETIC programming (Computer science); Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer Generated Designs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiobjective Optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Response Surface Methodology; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 8 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X.-G.
AU  - Simpson Jr., W. A.
AU  - Vitek, J. M.
AU  - Barnard, D. J.
AU  - Tweed, L. J.
AU  - Foley, J.
T1  - Ultrasonic attenuation due to grain boundary scattering in copper and copper-aluminum.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 116
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 116
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Ultrasonic attenuation in copper and copper-aluminum samples is measured as a function of frequency and average grain size. At low frequencies the attenuation scales quadratically with the frequency and linearly with average grain size. In addition, there is a large difference in attenuation between powder metallurgy samples and cast-and-wrought samples, although their qualitative behaviors are similar both in terms of frequency dependence and grain size dependence. Such difference and the discrepancy with the existing theory may point to mechanisms of scattering by grain boundaries that are not included in the current theoretical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASONICS
KW  - ATTENUATION (Physics)
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - WROUGHT iron
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
N1  - Accession Number: 20818796; Zhang, X.-G. 1; Simpson Jr., W. A. 1; Vitek, J. M. 1; Barnard, D. J. 2; Tweed, L. J. 2; Foley, J. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6164; 2 : Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 116 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: ULTRASONICS; Subject Term: ATTENUATION (Physics); Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: WROUGHT iron; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1744752
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borglin, Sharon E.
AU  - Hazen, Terry C.
AU  - Oldenburg, Curtis M.
AU  - Zawislanski, Peter T.
T1  - Comparison of Aerobic and Anaerobic Biotreatment of Municipal Solid Waste.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 54
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 815
EP  - 822
SN  - 10962247
AB  - To increase the operating lifetime of landfills and to lower leachate treatment costs, an increasing number of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are being managed as either aerobic or anaerobic bioreactors. Landfill gas composition, respiration rates, and subsidence were measured for 400 days in 200-L tanks filled with fresh waste materials to compare the relative effectiveness of the two treatments. Tanks were prepared to provide the following conditions: (1) air injection and leachate recirculation (aerobic), (2) leachate recirculation (anaerobic), and (3) no treatment (anaerobic). Respiration tests on the aerobic wet tank showed a steady decrease in oxygen consumption rates from 1.3 mol/day at 20 days to 0.1 mol/day at 400 days. Aerobic wet tanks produced, on average, 6 mol of carbon dioxide (CO2)/kg of MSW as compared with anaerobic wet tanks, which produced 2.2 mol methane/ kg of MSW and 2.0 mol CO2/kg methane. Over the test period, the aerobic tanks settled on average 35%, anaerobic tanks settled 21.7%, and the no-treatment tank settled 7.5%, equivalent to overall mass loss in the corresponding reactors. Aerobic tanks reduced stabilization time and produced negligible odor compared with anaerobic tanks, possibly because of the 2 orders of magnitude lower leachate ammonia levels in the aerobic tank. Both treatment regimes provide the opportunity for disposal and remediation of liquid waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Landfills
KW  - Bioreactors
KW  - Methane
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Tanks
KW  - Chemical reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 13674926; Borglin, Sharon E. 1; Email Address: seborglin@lbl.gov; Hazen, Terry C. 1; Oldenburg, Curtis M. 1; Zawislanski, Peter T. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2 : LFR Levine-Fricke, Emeryville, California;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 54 Issue 7, p815; Thesaurus Term: Landfills; Thesaurus Term: Bioreactors; Thesaurus Term: Methane; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Tanks; Subject Term: Chemical reactors; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gertz, E. Michael
T1  - A quasi-Newton trust-region method.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 100
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 470
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - The classical trust-region method for unconstrained minimization can be augmented with a line search that finds a point that satisfies the Wolfe conditions. One can use this new method to define an algorithm that simultaneously satisfies the quasi-Newton condition at each iteration and maintains a positive-definite approximation to the Hessian of the objective function. This new algorithm has strong global convergence properties and is robust and efficient in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - PROGRAM transformation (Computer programming)
KW  - HESSIANS
KW  - Line-search methods
KW  - Quasi-Newton methods
KW  - Trust-region methods
KW  - Unconstrained optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 13522066; Gertz, E. Michael 1; Email Address: gertz@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 100 Issue 3, p447; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: PROGRAM transformation (Computer programming); Subject Term: HESSIANS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Line-search methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-Newton methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trust-region methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unconstrained optimization; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-004-0511-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koller, Greg
AU  - Valceanu, John
T1  - Data Visualization for Security.
JO  - Military Engineer
JF  - Military Engineer
J1  - Military Engineer
PY  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 630
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
SN  - 00263982
AB  - Reports that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is creating the National Visual Analytics Center (NVAC) to be led by the Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington. Research and development of tools and methods that DHS has identified as required for managing and analyzing enormous amounts of diverse data and information; Increase in NVAC's capabilities to discover and predict terrorist activities; Formation of an interdisciplinary team of experts to create a science and technology roadmap for visual analytics, engaging industry, universities and other national laboratories.
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - NATIONAL security -- United States
KW  - COUNTERTERRORISM
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - RICHLAND (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13728841; Source Information: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 96 Issue 630, p14; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: NATIONAL security -- United States; Subject Term: COUNTERTERRORISM; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: RICHLAND (Wash.); Geographic Subject: WASHINGTON (State); Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 1/2p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Faith in Conservation, New Approaches to Religions and the Environment: Martin Palmer, Victoria Finlay, The World Bank, Washington, DC, August 2003, Paperback, 166 pp., ISBN 0-8213-5559-7
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 365
EP  - 366
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 13114075; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS: 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 41 Issue 4, p365; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2003.11.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratt, Rob
AU  - Hauser, Steve
T1  - Colleges Can Help Bring the PowerGrid Into the 21st Century.
JO  - Chronicle of Higher Education
JF  - Chronicle of Higher Education
J1  - Chronicle of Higher Education
PY  - 2004/07/02/
Y1  - 2004/07/02/
VL  - 50
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - B17
EP  - B17
SN  - 00095982
AB  - Discusses issues concerning the electric-power grid in the U.S., in relation to the decreasing enrollment in courses on electrical-power engineering which led universities to eliminate or reduce programs in the field.  Explanation as to why information technology is the key to revolutionizing the energy system; Role of the U.S. government and the Energy Department's Office of Electric Transmission and Distribution on the improvement of energy system; Challenges that the department will face concerning the issue; Reason colleges and universities must support the transformation of the power grid.
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - SCHOOL enrollment
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - UNIVERSITIES & colleges
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - TELEMATICS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13737682; Source Information: 7/2/2004, Vol. 50 Issue 43, pB17; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: SCHOOL enrollment; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: UNIVERSITIES & colleges; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: TELEMATICS; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: UNITED States; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 1p; ; Document Type: Article; ; Full Text Word Count: 1641; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - trh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hargrove, William
AU  - Hoffman, Forrest
T1  - Potential of Multivariate Quantitative Methods for Delineation and Visualization of Ecoregions.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - S39
EP  - S60
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Multivariate clustering based on fine spatial resolution maps of elevation, temperature, precipitation, soil characteristics, and solar inputs has been used at several specified levels of division to produce a spectrum of quantitative ecoregion maps for the conterminous United States. The coarse ecoregion divisions accurately capture intuitively-understood regional environmental differences, whereas the finer divisions highlight local condition gradients, ecotones, and clines. Such statistically generated ecoregions can be produced based on user-selected continuous variables, allowing customized regions to be delineated for any specific problem. By creating an objective ecoregion classification, the ecoregion concept is removed from the limitations of human subjectivity, making possible a new array of ecologically useful derivative products. A red–green–blue visualization based on principal components analysis of ecoregion centroids indicates with color the relative combination of environmental conditions found within each ecoregion. Multiple geographic areas can be classified into a single common set of quantitative ecoregions to provide a basis for comparison, or maps of a single area through time can be classified to portray climatic or environmental changes geographically in terms of current conditions. Quantified representativeness can characterize borders between ecoregions as gradual, sharp, or of changing character along their length. Similarity of any ecoregion to all other ecoregions can be quantified and displayed as a “representativeness” map. The representativeness of an existing spatial array of sample locations or study sites can be mapped relative to a set of quantitative ecoregions, suggesting locations for additional samples or sites. In addition, the shape of Hutchinsonian niches in environment space can be defined if a multivariate range map of species occurrence is available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological regions
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Multivariate analysis
KW  - United States
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Clustering
KW  - Ecotone
KW  - Environmental envelope
KW  - Fences
KW  - Gradient
KW  - Network
KW  - Niche
KW  - Preserve design
KW  - Range
KW  - Representativeness
KW  - Similarity
KW  - Time series
N1  - Accession Number: 16986889; Hargrove, William 1; Email Address: hnw@fire.esd.ornl.gov; Hoffman, Forrest 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division Computer Science and Math Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.;  Source Info: Jul2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 34, pS39; Thesaurus Term: Ecological regions; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Multivariate analysis; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clustering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecotone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental envelope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niche; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preserve design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Range; Author-Supplied Keyword: Representativeness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Similarity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time series; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-1084-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=16986889&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Ningning
AU  - Hauser, Hans
AU  - O'Donnell, Terence
AU  - Brunet, Magali
AU  - McCloskey, Paul
AU  - O'Mathuna, S. Cian
T1  - Modeling of High-Frequency Micro -Transformers.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2014
EP  - 2016
SN  - 00189464
AB  - A dynamic model has been developed to predict the efficiency of a micro-transformer, operating at S MHz. The model includes a core hysteresis model, core eddy current model and winding copper loss model. Measurements and finite element analysis were carried out in order to validate the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - COPPER
KW  - EDDY currents (Electric)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - ELECTRIC transformers
KW  - FINITE element method
N1  - Accession Number: 14435912; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2014; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: EDDY currents (Electric); Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ELECTRIC transformers; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832174
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14435912&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Gregory
AU  - Schulthess, Thomas C.
AU  - Apalkov, D. M.
AU  - Visscher, P. B.
T1  - Flexible Fast Multipole Method for Magnetic Simulations.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2146
EP  - 2148
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The public-domain ψ-Mag toolset uses generic-programming techniques to provide the computational magnetic-materials community an excellent opportunity for code reuse without loss of efficiency. ψb-Mag provides a flexible implementation of the fast multipole method (FMM) for dipole-dipole calculations that does not depend on the geometry of the problem and is suitable for high-performance, parallel computers. Theoretically, the execution time for such a calculation should grow only linearly with the number of spins, and this is confirmed here for up to order 105 spins. In addition, the implementation efficiently uses a large number of processors. For a test case of 64000 dipoles, the measured speedup is over 25 for 40 processors on a four-processor-per-node IBM SP; this compares quite favorably with less-flexible FMM implementations. The generic implementation allows for easy changes of the basis functions used to expand potentials specific to particular applications, facilitating direct comparison of different approaches. Here, the traditional spherical-harmonic expansions are compared to Cartesian expansions which reflect the cubic symmetries of meshes used in typical micromagnetic simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC disks
KW  - MAGNETIC memory (Computers)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - OBJECT-oriented methods (Computer science)
KW  - OBJECT-oriented programming (Computer science)
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
N1  - Accession Number: 14435956; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2146; Subject Term: MAGNETIC disks; Subject Term: MAGNETIC memory (Computers); Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: OBJECT-oriented methods (Computer science); Subject Term: OBJECT-oriented programming (Computer science); Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.829023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14435956&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beleggia, Marco
T1  - A Fourier-Space Approach for the Computation of Magnetostatic Interactions Between Arbitrarily Shaped Particles.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2149
EP  - 2151
SN  - 00189464
AB  - A new formalism has been developed to describe the magnetostatic energy associated with particles of arbitrary shape and magnetization state. The formalism relies on a Fourier space description of the particle shape, through the so-called shape amplitude, which can be used to obtain explicit expressions for the demagnetization tensor field, magnetic field, magnetic induction and magnetostatic energy of a particle for a given magnetization state. Moreover, the interaction energy between particles, located at arbitrary positions in space, which may have different shapes and magnetization states can also be computed. These results may contribute to a deeper understanding of magnetostatic coupling in nanostructures and of the role of shape anisotropy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 14435957; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2149; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.830214
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14435957&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhengang Zhang
AU  - Kyongha Kang
AU  - Takao Suzuki
T1  - Magnetic Properties of Granular-Type FePt-MgO Perpendicular Recording Media.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2455
EP  - 2457
SN  - 00189464
AB  - Granular-type FePt films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are fabricated onto glass substrates by annealing FePt/MgO multilayer films. The uniaxial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant (Ku) and the activation volume (V*) are obtained by fitting the remanent coercivity as a function of the applied field waiting lime using the Sharrock's formula for oriented magnetic grain assembly. Ku increases with annealing temperature and annealing time, as a result of the enhanced chemical ordering in L10 phase FePt grains. V* tends to decrease with annealing time revealing the FePt grain separation process by the MgO matrix with annealing. By modifying the initial FePt/MgO multilayer structure and annealing condition, the optimized FePt-MgO film shows a high Ku and a small V* value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - GLASS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 14436058; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2455; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.830218
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14436058&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jan-Ulrich Thiele
AU  - Stefan Maat
AU  - Robertson, J. Lee
AU  - Fullerton, Eric E.
T1  - Magnetic and Structural Properties of FePt-FeRh Exchange Spring Films for Thermally Assisted Magnetic Recording Media.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2537
EP  - 2543
SN  - 00189464
AB  - Recently a novel media structure for thermally assisted magnetic recording was proposed consisting of a layer of FePt exchange coupled to a FeRh layer. The FePt forms a high magnetocrystalline anisotropy, high coercivity ferromagnetic layer. The FeRh layer is antiferromagnetic at room temperature, but upon heating above a transition temperature becomes ferromagnetic with a large magnetic moment and low magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The coupled ferromagnetic FePt and FeRh layers form an exchange-spring system significantly lowering the coercive field of the composite system compared to a single layer of FePt. This feature opens intriguing possibilities for media applications for thermally assisted magnetic recording where the ferromagnetic phase of FeRh is exploited to help write the media while the low-temperature antiferromagnetic phase supports the long-term stability. Here temperature-dependent structural and magnetic measurements of undoped and doped FeRh single layer and FePt-FeRh bilayer films are presented and the promises and challenges of the exchange spring media structure are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC recorders & recording
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SOUND -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14436083; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2537; Subject Term: MAGNETIC recorders & recording; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SOUND -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 7p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.829325
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14436083&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Q. Y.
AU  - Gambino, R. J.
AU  - Baumberger, E.
AU  - Lewis, L. H.
AU  - Sampath, Sanjay
T1  - Exchange Bias in Plasma-Sprayed MnZn Ferrite.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2787
EP  - 2789
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The antiferromagnetic phase FeO (wustite) forms in plasma-sprayed MnZn ferrites from pure spinel phase powder. An exchange bias is observed in hysteresis loops of both ferrite coatings and single splats; the exchange bias decreases and disappears with annealing. X-ray diffraction indicates that the wustite FeO changes to hematite Fe2 O3 upon annealing. Annealing -induced cation ordering and diffusion influence the ferrite magnetic properties by increasing the saturation magnetization and decreasing the coercivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA spraying
KW  - WUSTITE
KW  - METAL coating
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - HYSTERESIS loop
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
N1  - Accession Number: 14436164; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2787; Subject Term: PLASMA spraying; Subject Term: WUSTITE; Subject Term: METAL coating; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS loop; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.829295
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14436164&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cui, B. Z.
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Liu, J. P.
AU  - Garmestani, H.
AU  - Liu, S.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, H. J.
T1  - Crystallization, Morphology and Magnetic Properties of Melt-Spun (Nd, Pr, Dy)2(Fe, Co, Mo)14B/α Fe Nanocomposites.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2867
EP  - 2870
SN  - 00189464
AB  - Crystallization, phase evolution, nanostructure, exchange coupling, and bard magnetic properties of melt-spun Nd2.4Pr5.6Dy1Fe85B6 and Nd2.4 Pr5.6 Dy1 Fe78 Co6 Mo1 B6 nanocoinposites have been studied. All the Nd2.4 Pr5.6 Dy1 Fe85 B6 alloys annealed for 30 s at 565 °C or above contain nanostructured α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B-type (2:14:1) phases, whereas Nd2 .4 Pr5 .6 Dy1 Fe78 Co6 Mo1 B6 alloys annealed at 600°C or below are mainly composed of α-Fe and a metastable 1:7 phase. A small amount of 2:14:1 phase forms after annealing at 600 °C. When annealed at 640 °C or above, the hard phase in Nd2.4Pr5.6Dy1Fer8Co6Mo1B6 alloys is the 2:14:1 phase rather than the 1:7 phase. The differences in magnetic properties of the Nd2.4 Pr5.6 Dy1 Fe85 B6 and Nd2.4 Pr5.6 Dy1 Fe8 Co6 Mo1 B6 nanocomposites at different anneal temperatures result from the different nanostructures, exchange coupling and phase components present in the alloys, in particular from the different amount of the 1:7 phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14436190; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2867; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 4p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832273
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14436190&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haskel, Daniel
AU  - Lang, Jonathan
AU  - Islam, Zahirul
AU  - Srajer, George
AU  - Cross, Julie
AU  - Canfield, Paul
T1  - Beyond Element-Specific Magnetism: Resolving Inequivalent Nd Crystal Sites in Nd2Fe14B.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2874
EP  - 2876
SN  - 00189464
AB  - We show how basic crystallography can be combined with resonant scattering of circularly polarized (CP) Xsrays to extract element- and site-specific magnetism in crystals. This is achieved by combining the inherent element specificity of resonance scattering with the symmetry properties of the crystal, which results in enhanced/suppressed scattering amplitudes from certain lattice sites under particular diffraction. conditions. We used this method to measure the magnetic response of inequivalent Nd sites in Nd2 Fe14B single crystal (4f and 4g sites in Wyckoff notation) through the crystal's magnetization reversal at room temperature and through the spin reorientation transition at lower temperatures. This approach might prove very valuable in studies of magnetocrystalllne anisotropy in complex materials with multiple elements and crystal sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14436192; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2874; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832675
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14436192&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Y. Q.
AU  - Kramer, M. J.
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Ma, B. M.
AU  - Miller, M. K.
T1  - Behavior of Nb Atoms in Nb Substituted Nd2Fe14B Nanocrystalline Alloys Investigated by Atom Probe Tomography.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2886
EP  - 2888
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The behavior of Nb atoms in Nd12Fe82-xB6Nbx (x = 0 to 3) nanocrystalline alloys has been investigated by using atom probe tomography (APT) technique on neareatomic scale in the present paper. Threesdimensional atom probe (3DAP) analyses on the Nb substituted alloys clearly reveal that Nb atoms are enriched at grain boundaries with a peak concentration about 4 times higher than the average for Nd2Fe14B rains. A grain boundary region with a chemicil composition near the Nb : Fe: B stolchionietry of 3:3:5 is also measured for the x = 3 alloy. The results provide direct evidence of microstructural refinement due to solute drag of Nb atoms during solidification, resulting in Nb enrichment at grain boundaries and possibly the formation of a Nh-rich. interfacial phase which give rise to enhanced magnetic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - ALLOYS -- Analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14436196; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2886; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: ALLOYS -- Analysis; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.839018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14436196&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, W.
AU  - Dennis, K. W.
AU  - Wu, Y. Q.
AU  - Kramer, M. J.
AU  - Anderson, I. E.
AU  - McCallum, R. W.
T1  - Studies of New YDy-Based R2Fe14B Magnets for High Temperature Performance (R = Y + Dy + Nd).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2907
EP  - 2909
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The effect of Nd substitution on microstructure and magnetic properties in [Ndx(YDy)0.5(1-x)]2.2Fe14B ribbons melt-spun at 22 m/s has been systematically studied. As-spun ribbons with low Nd content consist of 2:17 and 2:14:1 phases in an amorphous matrix, while as-spun ribbons with high Nd contain 2:14:1 and Fe phases in the amorphous matrix. After annealing at 700 °C for 15 mm, all of the ribbons exhibit only a single 2:14:1 phase in their X-ray diffraction patterns. Nd substitution can improve the maximum energy product of annealed ribbons but deteriorate the temperature stability of the ribbons. Increasing Nd (x) from 0 to 0.8, decreases coercivity from 22 to 13.5 kOe, but increases the maximum energy product from 5.87 to 11.2 MGOe. The temperature coefficients for remanence and coercivity increase from -0.045 °C to -0.106 %/°C, and -0.306 to -0.38 %/°C, respectively for the same substitution range. Transmission electron microscope microstructures show that the samples with less Nd content exhibit a more uniform distribution of grains. Their average grain size is about 40 nm. The studied results show that the YDy-based R2Fe14B magnets are very promising for high-temperature performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14436203; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2907; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.829014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsiao, A.
AU  - Aich, S.
AU  - Lewis, L. H.
AU  - Shield, J. E.
T1  - Magnetization Processes in Melt-Spun Sm-Co-Based Alloys With the TbCu7-Type Structure.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2913
EP  - 2915
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The initial magnetization processes in melt-spun Sm-Co alloys with remanent ratios above 0.7 have been studied. Alloys of (Sm(1/(6+x)Co(5+x))94Nb3C3 (x = 0.67, 1.7, 2.3 and 3) alloys modified with Nb and C were melt spun at wheel speeds of 20 and 40 m/s, and the compositions span the range between the Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 stoichiometries. Structurally, all alloys formed in the TbCu7-type structure, although a small amount of Sm2Co7 was observed in Sm-rich samples, and a small amount of fcc Co formed in Co-rich samples. From transmission electron microscopy analysis, grain sizes typically ranged from 100 to 500 nm, and the grains were randomly oriented. The as-spun ribbons had remanence ratios of 0.7 and coercivity values ranging from 3 to 18 kOe. The initial magnetization curves showed a steep linear response to the applied field for all samples, suggesting that nucleation-controlled processes dominate the magnetization process. In addition, the initial susceptibility decreased with increasing Sm content, reflecting the anisotropy differences between SmCo5 and Sm2Co17 compounds. The initial susceptibility also increased with increasing wheel speed, suggesting that the microstructure has important ramifications on the magnetization process as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC alloys
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 14436205; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2913; Subject Term: MAGNETIC alloys; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832118
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Hauser, Hans
AU  - Grössinger, Roland
AU  - Küpferling, Michaela
T1  - Microstructure and Hysteresis Model Parameters of Hard Magnetic Ferrites.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
PY  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 2949
EP  - 2951
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The hysteresis in anisotropic Sr ferrite grains and Ba ferrite particles is described by statistical magnetization reversal behavior using phenomenological parameters. Consequently, these parameters are related to spontaneous magnetization, anisotropy, and microstructure geometry, using dimensionless microscopic constants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - BARIUM
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 14436217; Source Information: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2949; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: BARIUM; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Abstract; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832668
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Bedau, Mark A.
AU  - Chen, Liaohai
AU  - Deamer, David W.
AU  - Krakauer, David C.
AU  - Packard, Norman H.
AU  - Stadler, Peter F.
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/02/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5680
M3  - Letter
SP  - 41
EP  - 43
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a response by Steen Rasmussen, Mark A. Bedau, Liaohai Chen, David W. Deamer, David C. Krakauer, Norman H. Packard and Peter F. Stadler to a letter to the editor about their article, that appeared previously in the periodical "Science."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - CYTOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13737758; Rasmussen, Steen 1; Email Address: steen@lanl.gov; Bedau, Mark A. 2; Chen, Liaohai 3; Deamer, David W. 4; Krakauer, David C. 5; Packard, Norman H. 6; Stadler, Peter F. 7; Source Information: 7/2/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5680, p41; Subject: LETTERS to the editor; Subject: CYTOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 669
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gweon, G.-H.
AU  - Sasagawa, T.
AU  - Zhou, S. Y.
AU  - Graf, J.
AU  - Takagi, H.
AU  - Lee, D.-H.
AU  - Lanzara, A.
T1  - An unusual isotope effect in a high-transition-temperature superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6996
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 190
SN  - 00280836
AB  - In conventional superconductors, the electron pairing that allows superconductivity is caused by exchange of virtual phonons, which are quanta of lattice vibration. For high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductors, it is far from clear that phonons are involved in the pairing at all. For example, the negligible change in Tc of optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Bi2212; ref. 1) upon oxygen isotope substitution (16O ? 18O leads to Tc decreasing from 92 to 91?K) has often been taken to mean that phonons play an insignificant role in this material. Here we provide a detailed comparison of the electron dynamics of Bi2212 samples containing different oxygen isotopes, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our data show definite and strong isotope effects. Surprisingly, the effects mainly appear in broad high-energy humps, commonly referred to as ‘incoherent peaks’. As a function of temperature and electron momentum, the magnitude of the isotope effect closely correlates with the superconducting gap-that is, the pair binding energy. We suggest that these results can be explained in a dynamic spin-Peierls picture, where the singlet pairing of electrons and the electron-lattice coupling mutually enhance each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 13696715; Gweon, G.-H. 1; Sasagawa, T. 2,3; Zhou, S. Y. 4; Graf, J. 1; Takagi, H. 2,3,5; Lee, D.-H. 1,4; Lanzara, A. 1,4; Email Address: alanzara@lbl.gov; Source Information: 7/8/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6996, p187; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject: PHONONS; Subject: DYNAMICS; Subject: ELECTRONS; Subject: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02731
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miliron, Delia J.
AU  - Hughes, Steven M.
AU  - Yi Cui
AU  - Manna, Liberato
AU  - Jingbo Li
AU  - Lin-Wang Wang
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
T1  - Colloidal nanocrystal heterostructures with linear and branched topology.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6996
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
EP  - 195
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The development of colloidal quantum dots has led to practical applications of quantum confinement, such as in solution-processed solar cells, lasers and as biological labels. Further scientific and technological advances should be achievable if these colloidal quantum systems could be electronically coupled in a general way. For example, this was the case when it became possible to couple solid-state embedded quantum dots into quantum dot molecules. Similarly, the preparation of nanowires with linear alternating compositions-another form of coupled quantum dots-has led to the rapid development of single-nanowire light-emitting diodes and single-electron transistors. Current strategies to connect colloidal quantum dots use organic coupling agents, which suffer from limited control over coupling parameters and over the geometry and complexity of assemblies. Here we demonstrate a general approach for fabricating inorganically coupled colloidal quantum dots and rods, connected epitaxially at branched and linear junctions within single nanocrystals. We achieve control over branching and composition throughout the growth of nanocrystal heterostructures to independently tune the properties of each component and the nature of their interactions. Distinct dots and rods are coupled through potential barriers of tuneable height and width, and arranged in three-dimensional space at well-defined angles and distances. Such control allows investigation of potential applications ranging from quantum information processing to artificial photosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - DIODES
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13696719; Miliron, Delia J. 1,2; Hughes, Steven M. 1,2; Yi Cui 1,2; Manna, Liberato 1,2,3; Jingbo Li 3; Lin-Wang Wang 3; Alivisatos, A. Paul 1,2; Email Address: alivis@uclink.berkeley.edu; Source Information: 7/8/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6996, p190; Subject: SOLAR cells; Subject: QUANTUM dots; Subject: NANOWIRES; Subject: DIODES; Subject: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject: TRANSISTORS; Subject: NANOCRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02695
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tomascik-Cheeseman, Lisa M.
AU  - Coleman, Matthew A.
AU  - Marchetti, Francesco
AU  - Nelson, David O.
AU  - Kegelmeyer, Laura M.
AU  - Nath, Joginder
AU  - Wyrobek, Andrew J.
T1  - Differential basal expression of genes associated with stress response, damage control, and DNA repair among mouse tissues
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/07/11/
VL  - 561
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Efficient recognition and repair of DNA damage is essential for maintaining genomic integrity. Tissues and cell types within tissues appear to vary in both DNA damage susceptibilities and cancer incidences, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize the baseline transcription profiles of selected genes involved in DNA damage recognition and repair processes among several tissues of healthy adult B6C3F1 mice (testis, brain, liver, spleen and heart), which are routinely used by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) to conduct long-term chemical carcinogenicity studies. Stress response, damage control and DNA repair-associated genes were differentially expressed among the tissues examined. Overall, stress response genes exhibited the greatest variation among tissues with the highest expression in liver and heart while DNA repair genes exhibited the least variation. Damage control genes associated with cell cycle regulation and DNA repair genes generally had the highest expression in testis. The expression levels of several genes were rank correlated with the spontaneous cancer incidences among these tissues. Variations in basal expression of DNA damage recognition and repair-associated genes among healthy tissues may contribute to their differential response to genotoxic agents and susceptibility to genetic disease. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - Biochemical genetics
KW  - Tissues
KW  - Expression profiling
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Microarray
N1  - Accession Number: 13625476; Tomascik-Cheeseman, Lisa M. 1,2; Coleman, Matthew A. 1; Marchetti, Francesco 1; Nelson, David O. 1; Kegelmeyer, Laura M. 1; Nath, Joginder 2; Wyrobek, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: wyrobek1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-448 Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 2 : Genetics and Developmental Biology Program, West Virginia University, 1090 Agricultural Sciences Building, P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 561 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: Biochemical genetics; Subject Term: Tissues; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expression profiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microarray; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.02.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sathaye, Jayant
AU  - Murtishaw, Scott
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Lefranc, Maurice
AU  - Roy, Joyashree
AU  - Winkler, Harald
AU  - Spalding-Fecher, Randall
T1  - Multiproject baselines for evaluation of electric power projects
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1303
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Calculating greenhouse gas emissions reductions from climate change mitigation projects requires construction of a baseline that sets emissions levels that would have occurred without the project. This paper describes a standardized multiproject methodology for setting baselines, represented by the emissions rate (kg C/kWh), for electric power projects. A standardized methodology would reduce the transaction costs of projects. The most challenging aspect of setting multiproject emissions rates is determining the vintage and types of plants to include in the baseline and the stringency of the emissions rates to be considered, in order to balance the desire to encourage no- or low-carbon projects while maintaining environmental integrity. The criteria for selecting power plants to include in the baseline depend on characteristics of both the project and the electricity grid it serves. Two case studies illustrate the application of these concepts to the electric power grids in eastern India and South Africa. We use hypothetical, but realistic, climate change projects in each country to illustrate the use of the multiproject methodology, and note the further research required to fully understand the implications of the various choices in constructing and using these baselines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - TRANSACTION costs
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - Electric power GHG mitigation projects
KW  - Marginal emissions rates
KW  - Multiproject baselines
N1  - Accession Number: 12244904; Sathaye, Jayant 1; Email Address: jasathaye@lbl.gov; Murtishaw, Scott 1; Email Address: sgmurtishaw@lbl.gov; Price, Lynn 1; Lefranc, Maurice 2; Roy, Joyashree 3; Winkler, Harald 4; Spalding-Fecher, Randall 4; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, BLDG90R4000/1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Office of Atmospheric Programs, US Environmental Protection Agency, 633 Third St., NW Room 7111, Washington, DC 20460, USA; 3: Department of Economics, Jadavpur University, Calcutta 700032, India; 4: Energy Development and Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 32 Issue 11, p1303; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC power production; Thesaurus Term: TRANSACTION costs; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric power GHG mitigation projects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Marginal emissions rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiproject baselines; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00098-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinn, Brendan
AU  - Meigs, Lucy C.
AU  - Harvey, Charles F.
AU  - Haggerty, Roy
AU  - Peplinski, William J.
AU  - Von Schwerin, Claudius Freiheirr
T1  - Experimental Visualization of Solute Transport and Mass Transfer Processes in Two-Dimensional Conductivity Fields with Connected Regions of High Conductivity.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3916
EP  - 3926
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Solute transport displaying mass transfer behavior (i.e., tailing) occurs in many aquifers and soils. Spatial patterns of hydraulic conductivity may play a role because of both advection and diffusion through isolated low conductivity areas. We demonstrated such processes in laboratory experiments designed to visualize solute transport through a thin chamber (40 cm × 20 cm × 0.64 cm thick) packed with glass beads and containing circular emplacements of smaller glass beads with lower conductivity. The experiments used three different contrasts of conductivity between the large-bead matrix and the emplacements, targeting three different regimes of solute transport: low contrast, targeting macrodispersion; intermediate contrast, targeting advection-dominated mass transfer between the high-conductivity regions and the emplacements; and high contrast, targeting diffusion-dominated mass transfer. Use of a strong light source, a high-resolution CCD camera, and a colorimetric dye produced images with a spatial resolution of about 400 μm and a concentration range of approximately 2 orders of magnitude. These images confirm the existence of the three different regimes, and we observed tailing driven by both advection and diffusion. Outflow concentration measured by spectrophotometer achieved 3 orders of magnitude in concentration range and showed good agreement with known models in the case of dispersion and diffusive mass transfer, with estimated parameters close to a priori predictions. Existing models for diffusive mass transfer did not fit the breakthrough curves from the intermediate-contrast chamber, but a model of slow advection through cylinders did. Thus, both breakthrough curves and chamber images confirm that different contrasts in small-scale K lead to different regimes of solute transport and thus require different models of upscaled soulte transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - SPECTROPHOTOMETERS
KW  - CYLINDERS (Engines)
KW  - SPECTROSCOPE
N1  - Accession Number: 13997105; Zinn, Brendan 1; Meigs, Lucy C. 2; Harvey, Charles F. 1; Email Address: charvey@mit.edu.; Haggerty, Roy 3; Peplinski, William J. 1; Von Schwerin, Claudius Freiheirr 2; Affiliations: 1: Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; 2: Flow Visualization Laboratory, Geohydrology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; 3: Department of Geosciences, 104 Wilkinson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331; Issue Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 14, p3916; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: SPECTROPHOTOMETERS; Subject Term: CYLINDERS (Engines); Subject Term: SPECTROSCOPE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mezyk, Stephen P.
AU  - Jones, Jace
AU  - Cooper, William J.
AU  - Tobien, Thomas
AU  - Nickelsen, Michael G.
AU  - Adams, J. Wesley
AU  - O'Shea, Kevin E.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
AU  - Wishart, James F.
AU  - Tornatore, Paul M.
AU  - Newman, Kimberley S.
AU  - Gregoire, Kellie
AU  - Waidman, Daniel J.
T1  - Radiation Chemistry of Methyl tert-Butyl Ether in Aqueous Solution.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3994
EP  - 4001
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The chemical kinetics of the free-radical-induced degradation of the gasoline oxygenate methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in water have been investigated. Rate constants for the reaction of MTBE with the hydroxyl radical, hydrated electron, and hydrogen atom were determined in aqueous solution at room temperature, using electron pulse radiolysis and absorption spectroscopy (•OH and e-aq) and EPR free induction decay attenuation (•H)measurements. The rate constant for hydroxyl radical reaction of (1.71 ± 0.02) × 109 M-1 s-1 showed that the oxidative process was the dominant pathway, relative to MTBE reaction with hydrogen atoms, (3.49 ± 0.06) × 106 M-1 s-1, or hydrated electrons, < 8.0 × 106 M-1 s-1. The hydroxyl radical reaction gives a transient carbon-centered radical which subsequently reacts with dissolved oxygen to form peroxyl radicals, the rate constant for this reaction was (2.17 ± 0.06) × 109 M-1 s-1. The second-order decay of the MTBE peroxyl radical was 2k = (6.0 ± 0.3) × 108 M-1 s-1. These rate constants, along with preliminary MTBE degradation product distribution measurements, were incorporated into a kinetic model that compared the predicted MTBE removal from water against experimental measurements performed under large-scale electron beam treatment conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER -- Composition
KW  - WATER -- Dissolved oxygen
KW  - PETROLEUM products
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13997115; Mezyk, Stephen P. 1; Email Address: Smezyk@csulb.edu.; Jones, Jace 2; Cooper, William J. 2; Tobien, Thomas 2; Nickelsen, Michael G. 2; Adams, J. Wesley 2; O'Shea, Kevin E. 3; Bartels, David M. 4; Wishart, James F. 5; Tornatore, Paul M. 6; Newman, Kimberley S. 6; Gregoire, Kellie 6; Waidman, Daniel J. 7; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University at Long Beach, 1250 Beilfiower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840.; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403.; 3: Department of Chemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199; 4: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 5: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 6: Haley and Aldrich of New York, 200 Town Centre Drive, Suite 2, Rochester, New York 14623; 7: Science Research Laboratory, Inc., 15 Ward Street, Somerville, Massachusetts 02143; Issue Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 14, p3994; Subject Term: WATER -- Composition; Subject Term: WATER -- Dissolved oxygen; Subject Term: PETROLEUM products; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486910 Pipeline Transportation of Refined Petroleum Products; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jianzhong Zhang
AU  - Yusheng Zhao
T1  - Formation of zirconium metallic glass.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6997
M3  - Article
SP  - 332
EP  - 335
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Bulk metallic glasses are commonly produced by the rapid cooling of liquid alloys. They have emerged over the past decade as a novel class of materials, with attractive properties and technological promise. The bulk metallic glasses so far produced contain three or more component elements. These complex compositions are necessary to frustrate the crystallization of the liquid melt on cooling, but can also lead to phase separation, which is detrimental to the thermal and mechanical properties of metallic glasses. Here we report, using X-ray diffraction measurements, the formation of a bulk metallic glass from elemental zirconium at high static pressures and low temperatures (relative to its melting temperature at atmospheric pressure). Amorphous zirconium can be recovered at ambient conditions and demonstrates a superior thermal stability compared to amorphous alloys, which could lead to new high-temperature applications of amorphous metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - TITANIUM group
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - LIQUID metals
N1  - Accession Number: 13797636; Jianzhong Zhang 1; Email Address: zhang@lanl.gov; Yusheng Zhao 1; Source Information: 7/15/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6997, p332; Subject: ZIRCONIUM; Subject: TITANIUM group; Subject: METALLIC glasses; Subject: ALLOYS; Subject: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject: LIQUID metals; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02715
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Jaeger, Johannes
AU  - Surkova, Svetlana
AU  - Blagov, Maxim
AU  - Janssens, Hilde
AU  - Kosman, David
AU  - Kozlov, Konstantin N.
AU  - Manu
AU  - Myasnikova, Ekaterina
AU  - Vanario-Alonso, Carlos E.
AU  - Samsonova, Maria
AU  - Sharp, David H.
AU  - Reinitz, John
T1  - Dynamic control of positional information in the early Drosophila embryo.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6997
M3  - Letter
SP  - 368
EP  - 371
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Morphogen gradients contribute to pattern formation by determining positional information in morphogenetic fields. Interpretation of positional information is thought to rely on direct, concentration-threshold-dependent mechanisms for establishing multiple differential domains of target gene expression. In Drosophila, maternal gradients establish the initial position of boundaries for zygotic gap gene expression, which in turn convey positional information to pair-rule and segment-polarity genes, the latter forming a segmental pre-pattern by the onset of gastrulation. Here we report, on the basis of quantitative gene expression data, substantial anterior shifts in the position of gap domains after their initial establishment. Using a data-driven mathematical modelling approach, we show that these shifts are based on a regulatory mechanism that relies on asymmetric gap-gap cross-repression and does not require the diffusion of gap proteins. Our analysis implies that the threshold-dependent interpretation of maternal morphogen concentration is not sufficient to determine shifting gap domain boundary positions, and suggests that establishing and interpreting positional information are not independent processes in the Drosophila blastoderm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DROSOPHILA
KW  - EMBRYOS
KW  - MORPHOGENESIS
KW  - EMBRYOLOGY
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - GENETIC regulation
N1  - Accession Number: 13797642; Jaeger, Johannes 1; Surkova, Svetlana 2; Blagov, Maxim 2; Janssens, Hilde 1; Kosman, David 3; Kozlov, Konstantin N. 2; Manu 1; Myasnikova, Ekaterina 2; Vanario-Alonso, Carlos E. 1,4; Samsonova, Maria 2; Sharp, David H. 5; Reinitz, John 1; Email Address: reinitz@odd.bio.sunysb.edu; Source Information: 7/15/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6997, p368; Subject: DROSOPHILA; Subject: EMBRYOS; Subject: MORPHOGENESIS; Subject: EMBRYOLOGY; Subject: GENE expression; Subject: GENETIC regulation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1038/nature02678
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ettinger, Mark
AU  - Høyer, Peter
AU  - Knill, Emanuel
T1  - The quantum query complexity of the hidden subgroup problem is polynomial
JO  - Information Processing Letters
JF  - Information Processing Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/16/
VL  - 91
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 48
SN  - 00200190
AB  - We present a quantum algorithm which identifies with certainty a hidden subgroup of an arbitrary finite group <f>G</f> in only a polynomial (in <f>log&z.sfnc;G&z.sfnc;</f>) number of calls to the oracle. This is exponentially better than the best classical algorithm. However our quantum algorithm requires exponential time, as in the classical case. Our algorithm utilizes a new technique for constructing error-free algorithms for non-decision problems on quantum computers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Information Processing Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - GROUP theory
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - ERROR functions
KW  - Hidden subgroups
KW  - Quantum computation
KW  - Query complexity
KW  - Algorithms
N1  - Accession Number: 13236821; Ettinger, Mark 1; Email Address: ettinger@lanl.gov; Høyer, Peter 2; Email Address: hoyer@cpsc.ucalgary.ca; Knill, Emanuel 1; Email Address: knill@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Canada T2N 1N4; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 91 Issue 1, p43; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: GROUP theory; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: ERROR functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hidden subgroups; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum computation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Query complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Algorithms; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ipl.2004.01.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sabine, Christopher L.
AU  - Feely, Richard A.
AU  - Gruber, Nicolas
AU  - Key, Robert M.
AU  - Lee, Kitack
AU  - Bullister, John L.
AU  - Wanninkhof, Rik
AU  - Wong, C. S.
AU  - Wallace, Douglas W. R.
AU  - Tilbrook, Bronte
AU  - Millero, Frank J.
AU  - Peng, Tsung-Hung
AU  - Kozyr, Alexander
AU  - Ono, Tsueno
AU  - Rios, Aida F.
T1  - The Oceanic Sink for Anthropogenic CO2.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/16/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5682
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 371
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Using inorganic carbon measurements from an international survey effort in the 1990s and a tracer-based separation technique, we estimate a global oceanic anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO[sub 2]) sink for the period from 1800 to 1994 of 118 ± 19 petagrams of carbon. The oceanic sink accounts for ∼48% of the total fossil-fuel and cement-manufacturing emissions, implying that the terrestrial biosphere was a net source of CO[sub 2] to the atmosphere of about 39 ± 28 petagrams of carbon for this period. The current fraction of total anthropogenic CO[sub 2] emissions stored in the ocean appears to be about one-third of the long-term potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTHROPOGENIC soils
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - TRACERS (Chemistry)
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13940326; Sabine, Christopher L. 1; Email Address: chris.sabine@noaa.gov; Feely, Richard A. 1; Gruber, Nicolas 2; Key, Robert M. 3; Lee, Kitack 4; Bullister, John L. 1; Wanninkhof, Rik 5; Wong, C. S. 6; Wallace, Douglas W. R. 7; Tilbrook, Bronte 8; Millero, Frank J. 9; Peng, Tsung-Hung 5; Kozyr, Alexander 10; Ono, Tsueno 11; Rios, Aida F. 12; Source Information: 7/16/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5682, p367; Subject: ANTHROPOGENIC soils; Subject: CARBON dioxide; Subject: FOSSIL fuels; Subject: POWER resources; Subject: TRACERS (Chemistry); Subject: RADIOACTIVITY; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4485
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Derek J.
AU  - Lapedes, Alan S.
AU  - de Jong, Jan C.
AU  - Bestebroer, Theo M.
AU  - Rimmelzwaan, Guus F.
AU  - Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
AU  - Fouchier, Ron A. M.
T1  - Mapping the Antigenic and Genetic Evolution of Influenza Virus.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/16/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5682
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 376
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The antigenic evolution of influenza A (H3N2) virus was quantified and visualized from its introduction into humans in 1968 to 2003. Although there was remarkable correspondence between antigenic and genetic evolution, significant differences were observed: Antigenic evolution was more punctuated than genetic evolution, and genetic change sometimes had a disproportionately large antigenic effect. The method readily allows monitoring of antigenic differences among vaccine and circulating strains and thus estimation of the effects of vaccination. Further, this approach offers a route to predicting the relative success of emerging strains, which could be achieved by quantifying the combined effects of population level immune escape and viral fitness on strain evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESPIRATORY infections
KW  - VIRUS diseases
KW  - INFLUENZA viruses
KW  - PREVENTIVE medicine
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention
KW  - VACCINATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13940327; Smith, Derek J. 1,2; Email Address: dsmith@zoo.cam.ac.uk; Lapedes, Alan S. 3; de Jong, Jan C. 2; Bestebroer, Theo M. 2; Rimmelzwaan, Guus F. 2; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E. 2; Fouchier, Ron A. M. 2; Source Information: 7/16/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5682, p371; Subject: RESPIRATORY infections; Subject: VIRUS diseases; Subject: INFLUENZA viruses; Subject: PREVENTIVE medicine; Subject: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention; Subject: VACCINATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4957
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiao, M.
AU  - Martin, I.
AU  - Yablonovitch, E.
AU  - Jiang, H. W.
T1  - Electrical detection of the spin resonance of a single electron in a silicon field-effect transistor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6998
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
EP  - 439
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The ability to manipulate and monitor a single-electron spin using electron spin resonance is a long-sought goal. Such control would be invaluable for nanoscopic spin electronics, quantum information processing using individual electron spin qubits and magnetic resonance imaging of single molecules. There have been several examples of magnetic resonance detection of a single-electron spin in solids. Spin resonance of a nitrogen-vacancy defect centre in diamond has been detected optically, and spin precession of a localized electron spin on a surface was detected using scanning tunnelling microscopy. Spins in semiconductors are particularly attractive for study because of their very long decoherence times. Here we demonstrate electrical sensing of the magnetic resonance spin-flips of a single electron paramagnetic spin centre, formed by a defect in the gate oxide of a standard silicon transistor. The spin orientation is converted to electric charge, which we measure as a change in the source/drain channel current. Our set-up may facilitate the direct study of the physics of spin decoherence, and has the practical advantage of being composed of test transistors in a conventional, commercial, silicon integrated circuit. It is well known from the rich literature of magnetic resonance studies that there sometimes exist structural paramagnetic defects near the Si/SiO2 interface. For a small transistor, there might be only one isolated trap state that is within a tunnelling distance of the channel, and that has a charging energy close to the Fermi level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13868115; Xiao, M. 1; Martin, I. 2; Yablonovitch, E. 3; Jiang, H. W. 1; Email Address: jiangh@physics.ucla.edu; Source Information: 7/22/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6998, p435; Subject: ELECTRONS; Subject: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject: RESONANCE; Subject: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject: SILICON; Subject: QUANTUM electronics; Subject: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02727
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reusser, Luke J.
AU  - Bierman, Paul R.
AU  - Pavich, Milan J.
AU  - Zen, E-an
AU  - Larsen, Jennifer
AU  - Finkel, Robert
T1  - Rapid Late Pleistocene Incision of Atlantic Passive-Margin River Gorges.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/23/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5683
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
EP  - 502
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The direct and secondary effects of rapidly changing climate caused large rivers draining the Atlantic passive margin to incise quickly into bedrock beginning about 35,000 years ago. Measured in samples from bedrock fluvial terraces, 10-beryllium shows that both the Susquehanna and Potomac Rivers incised 10- to 20-meter-deep gorges along steep, convex lower reaches during the last glacial cycle. This short-lived pulse of unusually rapid downcutting ended by 13,000 to 14,000 years ago. The timing and rate of downcutting are similar on the glaciated Susquehanna and unglaciated Potomac Rivers, indicating that regional changes, not simply glacial meltwater, initiated incision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - GLACIAL climates
KW  - PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14011652; Reusser, Luke J. 1; Email Address: lreusser@uvm.edu; Bierman, Paul R. 1; Pavich, Milan J. 2; Zen, E-an 3; Larsen, Jennifer 1; Finkel, Robert 4; Source Information: 7/23/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5683, p499; Subject: ALKALINE earth metals; Subject: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject: HYDROGEOLOGY; Subject: BERYLLIUM; Subject: GLACIAL climates; Subject: PALEOCLIMATOLOGY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLin, Stephen G.
T1  - Background radioactivity in sediments near Los Alamos, New Mexico
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2004/07/26/
VL  - 328
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
EP  - 159
SN  - 00489697
AB  - River and reservoir sediments have been collected annually by Los Alamos National Laboratory since 1974 and 1979, respectively. These background samples are collected from five river stations and four reservoirs located throughout northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. Analyses include 3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, total U, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, 241Am, gross alpha, gross beta, and gross gamma radioactivity. Surprisingly, there are no federal or state regulatory standards in the USA that specify how to compute background radioactivity values on sediments. Hence, the sample median (or 0.50 quantile) is proposed for this background because it reflects central data tendency and is distribution-free. Estimates for the upper limit of background radioactivity on river and reservoir sediments are made for sampled analytes using the 0.95 quantile (two-tail). These analyses also show that seven of ten analytes from reservoir sediments are normally distributed, or are normally distributed after a logarithmic or square root transformation. However, only three of ten analytes from river sediments are similarly distributed. In addition, isotope ratios for 137Cs/238Pu, 137Cs/239,240Pu, and 239,240Pu/238Pu from reservoir sediments are independent of clay content, total organic carbon/specific surface area (TOC/SSA) and cation exchange capacity/specific surface area (CEC/SSA) ratios. These TOC/SSA and CEC/SSA ratios reflect sediment organic carbon and surface charge densities that are associated with radionuclide absorption, adsorption, and ion exchange reactions on clay mineral structures. These latter ratio values greatly exceed the availability of background radionuclides in the environment, and insure that measured background levels are a maximum. Since finer-grained reservoir sediments contain larger clay-sized fractions compared to coarser river sediments, they show higher background levels for most analytes. Furthermore, radioactivity values on reservoir sediments have remained relatively constant since the early 1980s. These results suggest that clay contents in terrestrial sediments are often more important at concentrating background radionuclides than many other environmental factors, including geology, climate and vegetation. Hence, reservoirs and floodplains represent ideal radionuclide sampling locations because fine-grained materials are more easily trapped here. Ultimately, most of these differences still reflect spatial and temporal variability originating from global atmospheric nuclear weapons testing and disintegration of nuclear-powered satellites upon atmospheric reentry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - Nuclear reactions
KW  - River sediments -- Analysis
KW  - Surface chemistry
KW  - Ion exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Anthropogentic radionuclides
KW  - Background radioactivity
KW  - Fallout
KW  - Sediment
KW  - Statistical distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 13470220; McLin, Stephen G. 1; Email Address: sgm@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Water Quality and Hydrology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;  Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 328 Issue 1-3, p143; Thesaurus Term: Radioactivity; Subject Term: Nuclear reactions; Subject Term: River sediments -- Analysis; Subject Term: Surface chemistry; Subject Term: Ion exchange (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Anthropogentic radionuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Background radioactivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fallout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical distribution; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.01.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Homes, C.C.
AU  - Dordevic, S.V.
AU  - Strongin, M.
AU  - Bonn, D.A.
AU  - Ruixing Liang
AU  - Hardy, W.N.
AU  - Komiya, Seiki
AU  - Ando, Yoichi
AU  - Yu, G.
AU  - Kaneko, N.
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Greven, M.
AU  - Basov, D.N.
AU  - Timusk, T.
T1  - A universal scaling relation in high-temperature superconductors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/29/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6999
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 541
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Since the discovery of superconductivity at elevated temperatures in the copper oxide materials there has been a considerable effort to find universal trends and correlations amongst physical quantities, as a clue to the origin of the superconductivity. One of the earliest patterns that emerged was the linear scaling of the superfluid density (?s) with the superconducting transition temperature (Tc), which marks the onset of phase coherence. This is referred to as the Uemura relation, and it works reasonably well for the underdoped materials. It does not, however, describe optimally doped (where Tc is a maximum) or overdoped materials. Similarly, an attempt to scale the superfluid density with the d.c. conductivity (sdc) was only partially successful. Here we report a simple scaling relation (?s?sdcTc, with sdc measured at approximately Tc) that holds for all tested high-Tc materials. It holds regardless of doping level, nature of dopant (electrons versus holes), crystal structure and type of disorder, and direction (parallel or perpendicular to the copper-oxygen planes). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SCALING laws (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 13937204; Homes, C.C. 1; Email Address: homes@bnl.gov; Dordevic, S.V. 1; Strongin, M. 1; Bonn, D.A. 2; Ruixing Liang 2; Hardy, W.N. 2; Komiya, Seiki 3; Ando, Yoichi 3; Yu, G. 4; Kaneko, N. 5; Zhao, X. 5; Greven, M. 5,6; Basov, D.N. 7; Timusk, T. 8; Source Information: 7/29/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6999, p539; Subject: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject: SCALING laws (Nuclear physics); Subject: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject: COPPER oxide superconductors; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02673
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=13937204&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shan, Zhiwei
AU  - Stach, E. A.
AU  - Wiezorek, J. M. K.
AU  - Knapp, J. A.
AU  - Follstaedt, D. M.
AU  - Mao, S. X.
T1  - Grain Boundary -- Mediated Plasticity in Nanocrystalline Nickel.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5684
M3  - Article
SP  - 654
EP  - 657
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The plastic behavior of crystalline materials is mainly controlled by the nucleation and motion of lattice dislocations. We report in situ dynamic transmission electron microscope observations of nanocrystalline nickel films with an average grain size of about 10 nanometers, which show that grain boundary-mediated processes have become a prominent deformation mode. Additionally, trapped lattice dislocations are observed in individual grains following deformation. This change in the deformation mode arises from the grain size-dependent competition between the deformation controlled by nucleation and motion of dislocations and the deformation controlled by diffusion-assisted grain boundary processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - NICKEL films
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14081081; Shan, Zhiwei 1; Stach, E. A. 2; Wiezorek, J. M. K. 3; Knapp, J. A. 4; Follstaedt, D. M. 4; Mao, S. X. 1; Email Address: smao@engr.pitt.edu; Source Information: 7/30/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5684, p654; Subject: CRYSTAL growth; Subject: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject: OPTICAL instruments; Subject: NICKEL films; Subject: METALLIC films; Subject: LATTICE dynamics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2939
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Easterling, Robert G.
T1  - Teaching Experimental Design.
JO  - American Statistician
JF  - American Statistician
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
EP  - 252
SN  - 15372731
AB  - After a career as a consulting statistician, I decided to teach. This article describes my evolving views as I developed and taught introductory university courses on experimental design, organized around and stimulated by three different texts and three different universities. Primarily, I found it to be essential, particularly at the course's beginning, to embed textbook examples in credible scientific or business contexts in order to try to convince students of the value of statistical experimental design and analysis in their subsequent careers. In contrast, uninteresting, even nonsensical, undeveloped examples that serve only as formula drill give students the opposite impression. My purpose in this article is to present selected expanded textbook examples and to use these illustrations to examine fundamental issues in experimental design such as: the importance of subject-matter, the choice of experimental units, the nature and purpose of blocking, and the contrast between random sampling and random assignment of treatments. These examples expose fundamental issues in how our profession functions in a collaborative environment and how we prepare the next generation of statisticians and statistically savvy professionals. My hope is that the illustrations provided will be directly useful to beginning instructors and provocative to the experienced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Statistician is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - Blocking
KW  - Experimental units
KW  - Randomization
N1  - Accession Number: 14014464; Easterling, Robert G. 1; Email Address: rgeaste@comcast.net; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p244; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blocking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental units; Author-Supplied Keyword: Randomization; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
AU  - Lenth, Russell V.
T1  - Brief Reviews of Teaching Materials.
JO  - American Statistician
JF  - American Statistician
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 262
EP  - 263
SN  - 15372731
AB  - Reviews several books. "Applied Statistics: Analysis of Variance and Regression"; "Designing Experiments and Analyzing Data: A Model Comparison Perspective," by Scott Maxwell and Harold Delaney; "Step-by-Step Basic Statistics Using SAS: Exercises," by Larry Hatcher.
KW  - NONFICTION -- Reviews
KW  - MAXWELL, Scott
KW  - HATCHER, Larry
KW  - APPLIED Statistics (Book)
KW  - DESIGNING Experiments & Analyzing Data: A Model Comparison Perspective (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14014629; Anderson-Cook, Christine M. 1; Lenth, Russell V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory and The University of Iowa; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p262; Subject Term: NONFICTION -- Reviews; Reviews & Products: APPLIED Statistics (Book); Reviews & Products: DESIGNING Experiments & Analyzing Data: A Model Comparison Perspective (Book); People: MAXWELL, Scott; People: HATCHER, Larry; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106479200
T1  - Adaptation of the attention network in human immunodeficiency virus brain injury.
AU  - Chang L
AU  - Tomasi D
AU  - Yakupov R
AU  - Lozar C
AU  - Arnold S
AU  - Caparelli E
AU  - Ernst T
Y1  - 2004/08//
N1  - Accession Number: 106479200. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050708. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; diagnostic images; pictorial; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Instrumentation: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); Trail Making Test (TMT); Grooved Pegboard; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT); Timed Gait; Symbol Digit Modalities (SDM); New Adult Reading Test-Revised (NART); California Computerized Assessment Package (CalCAP, customized version). Grant Information: NIH (National Institute of Mental Health, R01 MH61427; National Institute on Drug Abuse, K24 DA 16170; K02-DA16991), and the Department of Energy (Office of Biological and Environmental Research). NLM UID: 7707449. 
KW  - Adaptation, Physiological
KW  - Brain Injuries -- Etiology
KW  - HIV Infections -- Complications
KW  - Adult
KW  - Case Control Studies
KW  - Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale
KW  - Clinical Assessment Tools
KW  - Data Analysis, Statistical
KW  - Descriptive Statistics
KW  - Female
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Hawaii
KW  - Health Status Indicators
KW  - Male
KW  - Neuropsychological Tests
KW  - New York
KW  - Psychological Tests
KW  - Scales
KW  - Human
SP  - 259
EP  - 272
JO  - Annals of Neurology
JF  - Annals of Neurology
JA  - ANN NEUROL
VL  - 56
IS  - 2
CY  - Hoboken, New Jersey
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
AB  - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients commonly have attention and concentration problems. However, it remains unclear how HIV infection affects the attention network. Therefore, blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) was performed in 36 subjects (18 HIV and 18 seronegative [SN] controls) during a set of visual attention tasks with increasing levels of attentional load. Compared with SN controls, HIV subjects showed similar task performance (accuracies and reaction times) but decreased activation in the normal visual attention network (dorsal parietal, bilateral prefrontal, and cerebellar regions) and increased activation in adjacent or contralateral brain regions. Cognitive performance (assessed with NPZ-8), CD4, and viral load all correlated with activated BOLD signals in brain regions that activated more in HIV subjects. Furthermore, HIV subjects activated more than SN controls in brain regions that showed load-dependent increase in activation (right prefrontal and right parietal regions) but less in regions that showed a saturation effect with increasing load. These findings suggest that HIV-associated brain injury leads to reduced efficiency in the normal attention network, thus requiring reorganization and increased usage of neural reserves to maintain performance during attention-requiring tasks. Exceeding the brain reserve capacity may lead to attention deficits and cognitive impairment in HIV patients.
SN  - 0364-5134
AD  - Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY
U2  - PMID: 15293278.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eastman, J. A.
AU  - Phillpot, S. R.
AU  - Choi, S. U. S.
AU  - Keblinski, P.
T1  - THERMAL TRANSPORT IN NANOFLUIDS[1].
JO  - Annual Review of Materials Research
JF  - Annual Review of Materials Research
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 246
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15317331
AB  - Nanofluids, consisting of nanometer-sized solid particles and fibers dispersed in liquids, have recently been demonstrated to have great potential for improving the heat transfer properties of liquids. Several characteristic behaviors of nanofluids have been identified, including the possibility of obtaining large increases in thermal conductivity compared with liquids without nanoparticles, strong temperature-dependent effects, and significant increases in critical heat flux. Observed behavior is in many cases anomalous with respect to the predictions of existing macroscopic theories, indicating the need for a new theory that properly accounts for the unique features of nanofluids. Theoretical studies of the possible heat transfer mechanisms have been initiated, but to date obtaining an atomic- and microscale-level understanding of how heat is transferred in nanofluids remains the greatest challenge that must be overcome in order to realize the full potential of this new class of heat transfer fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Materials Research is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - heat transfer
KW  - Kapitza resistance
KW  - nanocomposites
KW  - nanoparticles
KW  - thermal conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 13970073; Eastman, J. A. 1; Email Address: jeastman@anl.gov; Phillpot, S. R. 2; Email Address: phillpot@mse.ufl.edu; Choi, S. U. S. 3; Email Address: choi@anl.gov; Keblinski, P. 4; Email Address: keblip@rpi.edu; Affiliations: 1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611; 3: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 4: Materials Science and Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p219; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kapitza resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanocomposites; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal conductivity; Number of Pages: 28p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.matsci.34.052803.090621
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Redondo, Antonio
AU  - LeSar, Richard
T1  - MODELING AND SIMULATION OF BIOMATERIALS.
JO  - Annual Review of Materials Research
JF  - Annual Review of Materials Research
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 314
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15317331
AB  - Modeling and simulation are becoming increasingly accepted components of materials research. In this review we discuss application of modeling and simulation in the developing field of biomaterials. To restrict the discussion somewhat, we focus primarily on the structure and properties of biomaterials and do not discuss biochemical or biomedical applications. We start with a discussion of how atomistic-level simulation can be used to study molecules and collections of molecules. We then focus on mesoscale simulations of structure and properties, followed by a brief review of continuum-scale approaches. We end with some thoughts on the future of modeling and simulation in biomaterials applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Materials Research is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL engineering
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - biology
KW  - soft matter
KW  - theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13970093; Redondo, Antonio 1; Email Address: redondo@lanl.gov; LeSar, Richard 1; Email Address: lesar@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p279; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL engineering; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: soft matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: theory; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.matsci.34.070503.123908
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bazjanac, Vladimir
T1  - Building energy performance simulation as part of interoperable software environments
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 879
EP  - 883
SN  - 03601323
AB  - Interoperable software makes it possible to seamlessly exchange data among different compliant applications. Among other benefits, this offers opportunities to increase the quality of building energy simulation through simultaneous interaction of multiple design and simulation tools, possible because of direct data exchange among them.This paper discusses the new IFC HVAC extension schemata that are included in the latest release of the IFC data model <f>(IFC2×2)</f> and the new functionalities and industry processes it now supports. It describes an example of interoperable software environment, possible gains from interoperable simulation, and discusses current issues in data exchange for such simulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air conditioning
KW  - Heating & ventilation industry
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Data exchange
KW  - Data model
KW  - Energy performance
KW  - HVAC
KW  - IFC
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Software development
KW  - Software interfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 13106802; Bazjanac, Vladimir 1; Email Address: v_bazjanac@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, MS 90-3111, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p879; Thesaurus Term: Air conditioning; Thesaurus Term: Heating & ventilation industry; Subject Term: Buildings; Subject Term: Simulation methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: HVAC; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software development; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software interfaces; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.01.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wetter, Michael
AU  - Wright, Jonathan
T1  - A comparison of deterministic and probabilistic optimization algorithms for nonsmooth simulation-based optimization
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 989
EP  - 999
SN  - 03601323
AB  - In solving optimization problems for building design and control, the cost function is often evaluated using a detailed building simulation program. These programs contain code features that cause the cost function to be discontinuous. Optimization algorithms that require smoothness can fail on such problems. Evaluating the cost function is often so time-consuming that stochastic optimization algorithms are run using only a few simulations, which decreases the probability of getting close to a minimum. To show how applicable direct search, stochastic, and gradient-based optimization algorithms are for solving such optimization problems, we compare the performance of these algorithms in minimizing cost functions with different smoothness. We also explain what causes the large discontinuities in the cost functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Buildings -- Environmental engineering
KW  - Mathematical optimization
KW  - Combinatorial optimization
KW  - Design
KW  - Coordinate search
KW  - Direct search
KW  - Genetic algorithm
KW  - Hooke–Jeeves
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Particle swarm optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 13106813; Wetter, Michael 1; Email Address: mwetter@lbl.gov; Wright, Jonathan 2; Email Address: j.a.wright@lboro.ac.uk; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Simulation Research Group, Building Technologies Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p989; Thesaurus Term: Buildings -- Environmental engineering; Subject Term: Mathematical optimization; Subject Term: Combinatorial optimization; Subject Term: Design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coordinate search; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct search; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hooke–Jeeves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle swarm optimization; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.01.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haves, P.
AU  - Linden, P. F.
AU  - Da Graça, G. Carrilho
T1  - Use of simulation in the design of a large, naturally ventilated office building.
JO  - Building Services Engineering Research & Technology
JF  - Building Services Engineering Research & Technology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 221
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 01436244
AB  - The design for the new Federal Building for San Francisco includes an office tower that is to be naturally ventilated. The EnergyPlus thermal simulation program was used to evaluate different ventilation strategies for space cooling and rationalize the design of the facade. The strategies include ventilation driven by different combinations of wind, internal stack and external stack. The simulation results indicate that wind-driven ventilation can maintain adequate comfort even during hot periods. Computational fluid dynamics was used to study the airflow and temperature distribution in the occupied spaces arising from different combinations of window openings and outside conditions and thereby inform both the design of the windows and the control strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Building Services Engineering Research & Technology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - OFFICE buildings
KW  - BUILDING
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - AIR flow
N1  - Accession Number: 14829112; Haves, P. 1; Email Address: phaves@lbl.gov; Linden, P. F. 2; Da Graça, G. Carrilho 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; 2: University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p211; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: OFFICE buildings; Subject Term: BUILDING; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: AIR flow; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Da Graáa, G. Carrilho
AU  - Linden, P. F.
AU  - Haves, P.
T1  - Design and testing of a control strategy for a large, naturally ventilated office building.
JO  - Building Services Engineering Research & Technology
JF  - Building Services Engineering Research & Technology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 239
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 01436244
AB  - The design for the new Federal Building for San Francisco includes an office tower that is to be naturally ventilated. Each floor is designed to be cross ventilated, through upper windows that are controlled by the building management system. Users have control over lower level windows, which can be as much as 50'/ of the total openable area. There are significant differences in the performance and the control of the windward and leeward sides of the building, and separate monitoring and control strategies are determined for each side. The performance and control of the building has been designed and tested using a modified version of EnergyPlus. Results from studies with EnergyPlus and computational fluid dynamics are used in designing the control strategy. Wind driven cross-ventilation produces a main jet through the upper openings of the building, across the ceiling from the windward to the leeward side. Below this jet, the occupied regions are subject to a recirculating airflow. Results show that temperatures within the building are predicted to be satisfactory, provided a suitable control strategy is implemented that uses night cooling in periods of hot weather. The control strategy has 10 window opening modes. EnergyPlus was extended to simulate the effects of these modes, and to assess the effects of different forms of user behaviour. The results show how user behaviour can significantly influence the building performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Building Services Engineering Research & Technology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OFFICE buildings
KW  - BUILDING
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - WINDOWS
N1  - Accession Number: 14829123; Da Graáa, G. Carrilho 1; Email Address: gcg@natural-works.com; Linden, P. F. 2; Haves, P. 3; Affiliations: 1: NaturalWorks Inc., San Diego, California, USA; 2: University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p223; Thesaurus Term: OFFICE buildings; Subject Term: BUILDING; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: WINDOWS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 8 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falcone, Santa
AU  - Bjornstad, David
AD  - U NM
AD  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T1  - Thermal Spray Technology Transfer Impact Analysis
JO  - Comparative Technology Transfer and Society
JF  - Comparative Technology Transfer and Society
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
SP  - 195
EP  - 217
SN  - 15420132
N1  - Accession Number: 0765613; Keywords: Technology; Geographic Descriptors: France; Germany; Switzerland; U.S.; Geographic Region: Europe; Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200503
N2  - This paper applies a method to identify and evaluate the impact associated with the transfer of a technology, plasma spray, from Sandia National Laboratories to a small domestic company. The impact includes economic effects as well as effects not readily quantifiable in dollar values. The impact profile indicates a positive outcome. An extremely broad range of cost-benefit ratios was found when two valid, yet different, sets of assumptions were used. The technology and health indicators demonstrate constructive contributions for this transfer of plasma spray technology.
KW  - Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics          L61
KW  - Economic History: Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services: General, International, or Comparative          N70
KW  - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D          O32
KW  - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes          O33
L3  - http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/ctt/
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UR  - http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/ctt/
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brennan, Sean M.
AU  - Mielke, Angela M.
AU  - Torney, David C.
AU  - Maccabe, Arthur B.
T1  - Radiation Detection with Distributed Sensor Networks.
JO  - Computer (00189162)
JF  - Computer (00189162)
J1  - Computer (00189162)
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 59
SN  - 00189162
AB  - In any assessment of potential terrorist attacks, the nuclear threat takes center stage. Although weapons-grade nuclear materials are heavily guarded, a plausible scenario involves terrorists detonating a simple radiological dispersion device (RDD) capable of broadcasting nonfissle but highly radioactive particles over a densely populated area. The Distributed Sensor Network project at Los Alamos National Laboratory, in cooperation with the University of New Mexico, is developing a network of radiation detectors that, coupled with other sensors that collect supportive data, is suitable for RDD interdiction in either urban or rural environments.
KW  - SENSOR networks
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COUNTERTERRORISM
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - COMPUTER networks
N1  - Accession Number: 14264724; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p57; Subject Term: SENSOR networks; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COUNTERTERRORISM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Illustrations: 1 Graph; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Ken
AU  - Nordman, Bruce
AU  - Brown, Rich
T1  - Power Management in Networked Devices.
JO  - Computer (00189162)
JF  - Computer (00189162)
J1  - Computer (00189162)
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 93
SN  - 00189162
AB  - Networks are one of the most significant developments in computing and a hallmark of modern society. However, along with increasing efficiency and productivity, both at home and in the workplace, networks have costs. One cost is the additional energy that electronic devices consume they attach to networks. The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, on open industry specification jointly developed by Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Microsoft, Phoenix and Toshiba, defines standard power management interfaces for modern personal computers. Three key drivers of energy use are induced consumption by devices, increasing link data rates that consume more energy for network interfaces and network-connected displays that actively update and display data.
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER engineering
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14264739; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p91; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 3p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pearman, Joel
T1  - Subcontract Choice of Law.
JO  - Contract Management
JF  - Contract Management
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 44
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 32
EP  - 35
SN  - 01903063
AB  - Discusses the choice of law in subcontract situations in determining which system's rules and decisions must apply fir contracting parties in the U.S. Inclusion of the Uniform Commercial Code; Benefits of commercial contract terms; Incorporation of mandatory and non-mandatory clauses in sub-contract companies.
KW  - CONTRACTS
KW  - CLAUSES (Law)
KW  - CONFLICT of laws
KW  - LETTING of contracts
KW  - LEGAL instruments
KW  - CONSTITUTIONAL amendments
KW  - CLASSIFICATION (Conflict of laws)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14273985; Pearman, Joel 1; Affiliations: 1: group manager of procurement services, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 44 Issue 8, p32; Thesaurus Term: CONTRACTS; Thesaurus Term: CLAUSES (Law); Thesaurus Term: CONFLICT of laws; Thesaurus Term: LETTING of contracts; Subject Term: LEGAL instruments; Subject Term: CONSTITUTIONAL amendments; Subject Term: CLASSIFICATION (Conflict of laws); Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, P.J.
AU  - Amthor, J.S.
AU  - Wullschleger, S.D.
AU  - Wilson, K.B.
AU  - Grant, R.F.
AU  - Hartley, A.
AU  - D.&Hui
AU  - Hunt Jr., E.R.
AU  - Johnson, D.W.
AU  - Kimball, J.S.
AU  - King, A.W.
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - McNulty, S.G.
AU  - Sun, G.
AU  - Thornton, P.E.
AU  - Wang, S.
AU  - Williams, M.
AU  - Baldocchi, D.D.
AU  - Cushman, R.M.
T1  - OAK FOREST CARBON AND WATER SIMULATIONS: MODEL INTERCOMPARISONS AND EVALUATIONS AGAINST INDEPENDENT DATA.
JO  - Ecological Monographs
JF  - Ecological Monographs
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 74
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
EP  - 489
SN  - 00129615
AB  - Models represent our primary method for integration of small-scale, process-level phenomena into a comprehensive description of forest-stand or ecosystem function. They also represent a key method for testing hypotheses about the response of forest ecosystems to multiple changing environmental conditions. This paper describes the evaluation of 13 stand-level models varying in their spatial, mechanistic, and temporal complexity for their ability to capture intra- and interannual components of the water and carbon cycle for an upland, oak-dominated forest of eastern Tennessee. Comparisons between model simulations and observations were conducted for hourly, daily, and annual time steps. Data for the comparisons were obtained from a wide range of methods including: eddy covariance, sapflow, chamber-based soil respiration, biometric estimates of stand-level net primary production and growth, and soil water content by time or frequency domain reflectometry. Response surfaces of carbon and water flux as a function of environmental drivers, and a variety of goodness-of-fit statistics (bias, absolute bias, and model efficiency) were used to judge model performance. A single model did not consistently perform the best at all time steps or for all variables considered. Intermodel comparisons showed good agreement for water cycle fluxes, but considerable disagreement among models for predicted carbon fluxes. The mean of all model outputs, however, was nearly always the best fit to the observations. Not surprisingly, models missing key forest components or processes, such as roots or modeled soil water content, were unable to provide accurate predictions of ecosystem responses to short-term drought phenomenon. Nevertheless, an inability to correctly capture short-term physiological processes under drought was not necessarily an indicator of poor annual water and carbon budget simulations. This is possible because droughts in the subject ecosystem were of short duration and therefore had a small cumulative impact. Models using hourly time steps and detailed mechanistic processes, and having a realistic spatial representation of the forest ecosystem provided the best predictions of observed data. Predictive ability of all models deteriorated under drought conditions, suggesting that further work is needed to evaluate and improve ecosystem model performance under unusual conditions, such as drought, that are a common focus of environmental change discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Monographs is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Forest ecology
KW  - Soils
KW  - Global environmental change
KW  - Oak
KW  - autotrophic respiration
KW  - carbon budget
KW  - computer models
KW  - evaporation
KW  - evapotranspiration
KW  - NEE
KW  - NPP
KW  - transpiration
KW  - water budgget
N1  - Accession Number: 14403512; Hanson, P.J. 1; Email Address: hansonjp@ornl.gov; Amthor, J.S. 1,2; Wullschleger, S.D. 1; Wilson, K.B. 3; Grant, R.F. 4; Hartley, A. 5; D.&Hui 6; Hunt Jr., E.R. 7; Johnson, D.W. 8; Kimball, J.S. 9; King, A.W. 1; Luo, Y. 6; McNulty, S.G. 10; Sun, G. 10; Thornton, P.E. 11; Wang, S. 12; Williams, M. 13; Baldocchi, D.D. 14; Cushman, R.M. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422 USA; 2 : U.S. Department of Energy, SC-74, Germatown, Maryland 20874-1290 USA; 3 : Atmosphere Turbulence Diffusion Division, National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Tennessee 37840 USA; 4 : University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E3; 5 : Florida International University, Department of Environmental Studies, Miami, Florida 33199 USA; 6 : Department of Botany and Microbiology, Univeristy of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 USA; 7 : USDA Agricultural Research Service, Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 USA; 8 : Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89512-0013 USA; 9 : Flathead Lake Biological Station and School of Forestry, University of Montana, Polson, Montana 59860 USA; 10 : Southern Global Change Program, USDA Forest Service, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606 USA; 11 : National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80503 USA; 12 : Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0Y7; 13 : School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JU, UK; 14 : Ecosystem Science Division, Department of Environmental Science, Policy Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 74 Issue 3, p443; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Forest ecology; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Global environmental change; Subject Term: Oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: autotrophic respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon budget; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer models; Author-Supplied Keyword: evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: NEE; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP; Author-Supplied Keyword: transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: water budgget; Number of Pages: 47p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 13 Charts, 127 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Druckenbrod, Daniel L.
T1  - Towards Forest Sustainability.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 314
EP  - 314
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Reviews the book "Towards Forest Sustainability," edited by David B. Lindenmayer and Jerry F. Franklin.
KW  - Sustainable forestry
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Lindenmayer, David B.
KW  - Franklin, Jerry F.
KW  - Towards Forest Sustainability (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 15398339; Druckenbrod, Daniel L. 1; Email Address: druckenbrodd@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p314; Thesaurus Term: Sustainable forestry; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-7918-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - TOUGH Symposium 2003
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 399
EP  - 400
SN  - 03756505
N1  - Accession Number: 13661613; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: k_pruess@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p399; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.12.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
AU  - Ontoy, Yvette
AU  - Molling, Phil
AU  - Spycher, Nicolas
AU  - Parini, Mauro
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - Reactive transport modeling of injection well scaling and acidizing at Tiwi field, Philippines
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
EP  - 491
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Hot brine injector Nag-67 in the Tiwi geothermal field (Philippines) had been in operation for over 10 years when injectivity decline indicated a workover was required in 2000. The operation consisted of drilling-out wellbore scale followed by acid dissolution of scale formed in the near-wellbore formation. The workover increased the injection capacity of the well to near its initial-use capacity. Scale-volume estimates from brine chemistry, and from stoichiometric amounts of silica dissolved during the acidizing, suggested that the decrease in injectivity was largely due to scale deposition in the near-well formation. Reactive transport modeling was used to simulate mineral deposition and injectivity loss. A porosity–permeability relationship was calibrated using observed injection indexes to reproduce the loss of injectivity. The relationship captured very well the steep loss of injectivity, and the simulated amounts of precipitated amorphous silica were consistent with the estimated amounts from field data. Significant precipitation of amorphous silica, and reductions in porosity and permeability, were predicted to occur mainly within a 10 m radius from the well. Injectivity recovery by acid injection was also simulated, and the predicted amount of amorphous silica dissolved by acid was consistent with the estimated amount. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geothermal resources
KW  - Geothermal brines
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Brine injection
KW  - Injectivity loss
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Philippines
KW  - Reactive transport
KW  - Silica scaling
KW  - Tiwi
N1  - Accession Number: 13661618; Xu, Tianfu 1; Email Address: tianfu_xu@lbl.gov; Ontoy, Yvette 2; Molling, Phil 3; Spycher, Nicolas 1; Parini, Mauro 3; Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; 2 : Philippine Geothermal, Inc., Makati City, Philippines; 3 : Unocal, Geothermal Technology & Services, Santa Rosa, CA, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p477; Thesaurus Term: Geothermal resources; Subject Term: Geothermal brines; Subject Term: Permeability; Subject Term: Porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brine injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injectivity loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Philippines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tiwi; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobson, Patrick F.
AU  - Salah, Sonia
AU  - Spycher, Nicolas
AU  - Sonnenthal, Eric L.
T1  - Simulation of water–rock interaction in the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
EP  - 502
SN  - 03756505
AB  - The Yellowstone geothermal system provides an ideal opportunity to test the ability of reactive transport models to simulate the chemical and hydrological effects of water–rock interaction. Previous studies of the Yellowstone geothermal system have characterized water–rock interaction through analysis of rocks and fluids obtained from both surface and downhole samples. Fluid chemistry, rock mineralogy, permeability, porosity, and thermal data obtained from the Y-8 borehole in Upper Geyser Basin were used to constrain a series of reactive transport simulations of the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT. Three distinct stratigraphic units were encountered in the 153.4 m deep Y-8 drill core: volcaniclastic sandstone, perlitic rhyolitic lava, and nonwelded pumiceous tuff. The main alteration phases identified in the Y-8 core samples include clay minerals, zeolites, silica polymorphs, adularia, and calcite. Temperatures observed in the Y-8 borehole increase with depth from sub-boiling conditions at the surface to a maximum of 169.8 °C at a depth of 104.1 m, with near-isothermal conditions persisting down to the well bottom. 1-D models of the Y-8 core hole were constructed to simulate the observed alteration mineral assemblage given the initial rock mineralogy and observed fluid chemistry and temperatures. Preliminary simulations involving the perlitic rhyolitic lava unit are consistent with the observed alteration of rhyolitic glass to form celadonite. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mineralogy
KW  - Physical geology
KW  - Crystallography
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Hydrothermal alteration
KW  - Reactive transport modeling
KW  - USA
KW  - Water–rock interaction
KW  - Yellowstone
N1  - Accession Number: 13661619; Dobson, Patrick F.; Email Address: pfdobson@lbl.gov; Salah, Sonia; Spycher, Nicolas 1; Sonnenthal, Eric L. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p493; Subject Term: Mineralogy; Subject Term: Physical geology; Subject Term: Crystallography; Subject Term: Permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal alteration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: USA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water–rock interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yellowstone; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.10.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shan, Chao
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - EOSN—a new TOUGH2 module for simulating transport of noble gases in the subsurface
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 529
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Noble gases widely exist in nature, and except for radon, they are stable. Modern techniques can detect noble gases to relatively low concentrations and with great precision. These factors suggest that noble gases can be useful tracers for subsurface characterization. Their applications, however, require an appropriate transport model for data analyses. A new fluid property module, EOSN, was developed for TOUGH2 to simulate transport of noble gases in the subsurface. Currently any of five different noble gases (except radon) as well as CO2 can be selected, two at a time. For the two selected gas components, the Crovetto et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 76 (1982) 1077–1086] model is used to calculate the Henry’s law coefficients; and the Reid et al. [The Properties of Gases and Liquids, McGraw-Hill, New York (1987)] correlation is used to calculate the gas phase diffusivities. Like most other sister modules, TOUGH2/EOSN can simulate non-isothermal multiphase flow and fully coupled transport in fractured porous media. Potential applications of the new module include, but are not limited to: (a) study of different reservoir processes such as recharge, boiling, condensation, and fracture-matrix fluid exchange; (b) characterization of reservoir geometry such as fracture spacing; and (c) analysis of CO2 sequestration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Noble gases
KW  - Surfaces (Technology) -- Analysis
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Noble gas transport
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - TOUGH2 module
N1  - Accession Number: 13661621; Shan, Chao; Email Address: c_shan@lbl.gov; Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p521; Subject Term: Noble gases; Subject Term: Surfaces (Technology) -- Analysis; Subject Term: Multiphase flow; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Noble gas transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOUGH2 module; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.07.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todesco, Micol
AU  - Rutqvist, Jonny
AU  - Chiodini, Giovanni
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - Oldenburg, Curtis M.
T1  - Modeling of recent volcanic episodes at Phlegrean Fields (Italy): geochemical variations and ground deformation
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 547
SN  - 03756505
AB  - The Phlegrean Fields is an active caldera structure, located on the periphery of Naples (Italy). After the last eruptive event (the Monte Nuovo eruption in 1538), periodic episodes of unrest have characterized the evolution of this volcanic district, involving seismic activity and slow ground motion (bradyseism). During these episodes of unrest, some remarkable changes have also affected the composition of the hydrothermal fluids discharged at La Solfatara fumarolic field. These unrest phenomena result from the complex interaction between magma chamber, hydrothermal fluid circulation, and country rocks undergoing thermal and mechanical stresses. In order to make an effective hazard assessment in such a densely populated area as the Phlegrean Fields, we must first reach a better understanding of the mechanism driving bradyseismic activity and determine the relation between ground deformation and hydrothermal fluid circulation. In this work, we present some results of numerical modeling of both the hydrothermal fluid circulation at La Solfatara, and of its effects on rock deformation. The modeling results show that periods of intensified magmatic degassing can explain many features of the recent crises of unrest at Phlegrean Fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Volcanoes
KW  - Calderas
KW  - Structural geology
KW  - Fluid mechanics
KW  - Bradyseism
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Ground deformation
KW  - Hydrothermal circulation
KW  - Italy
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Phlegrean Fields
KW  - Volcanology
N1  - Accession Number: 13661622; Todesco, Micol 1; Email Address: todesco@bo.ingv.it; Rutqvist, Jonny 2; Chiodini, Giovanni 3; Pruess, Karsten 2; Oldenburg, Curtis M. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Earth and Geo-Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3 : National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology, Vesuvian Observatory, via Diocleziano 328, Napoli 80124, Italy;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p531; Thesaurus Term: Volcanoes; Subject Term: Calderas; Subject Term: Structural geology; Subject Term: Fluid mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bradyseism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ground deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal circulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Italy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phlegrean Fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volcanology; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=13661622&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chow, Weng W.
AU  - Vawter, G. Allen
AU  - Guo, Junpeng
T1  - Approaching Intraband Relaxation Rates in the High-Speed Modulation of Semiconductor Lasers.
JO  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
JF  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
J1  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 40
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 989
EP  - 995
SN  - 00189197
AB  - This paper uses a nonequllibrium semiconductor laser model to investigate high-modulation bandwidth operation in semiconductor lasers. In particular, limitations to &gsim; 100 GHz modulation response, which approaches the carrier-phonon scattering rate, are analyzed. It is found that plasma heating leads to a dynamic carrier population bottleneck, which limits scaling of modulation bandwidth. An optical injection scheme is proposed to verify this phenomenon experimentally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR lasers
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - BROADBAND communication systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14020792; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 40 Issue 8, p989; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR lasers; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: BROADBAND communication systems; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 7p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/JQE.2004.831627
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14020792&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rieben, R.
AU  - White, D.
AU  - Rodrigue, G.
T1  - High-Order Symplectic Integration Methods for Finite Element Solutions to Time Dependent Maxwell Equations.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2190
EP  - 2195
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - In this paper, we motivate the use of high-order integration methods for finite element solutions of the time dependent Maxwell equations. In particular, we present a symplectic algorithm for the integration of the coupled first-order Maxwell equations for computing the time dependent electric and magnetic fields. Symplectic methods have the benefit of conserving total electromagnetic field energy and are, therefore, preferred over dissipative methods (such as traditional Run ge-Kutta) in applications that require high-accuracy and energy conservation over long periods of time integration. We show that in the context of symplectic methods, several popular schemes can be elegantly cast in a single algorithm. We conclude with some numerical examples which demonstrate the superior performance of high-order time integration methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAXWELL equations
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - RUNGE-Kutta formulas
N1  - Accession Number: 14256906; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 8, p2190; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: RUNGE-Kutta formulas; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 6p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TAP.2004.832356
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14256906&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heller, Leon
AU  - Ranken, Douglas
AU  - Best, Elaine
T1  - The Magnetic Field Inside Special Conducting Geometries Due to Internal Current.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 51
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1310
EP  - 1318
SN  - 00189294
AB  - In view of recent attempts to directly and noninvasively detect the neuromagnetic field, we derive an analytic formula for the magnetic field inside a homogeneous conducting sphere due to a point current dipole. It has a similar structure to a well-known formula for the field outside any spherically symmetric conductivity profile. For a radial dipole, the field on the inside has a very simple expression. A symmetry argument is given as to why the field of a radial dipole vanishes outside a spherical conductor. Illustrative plots of the magnetic field are presented for a radial and a tangential dipole; the slope of the tangential component of the magnetic field is discontinuous at the surface of the sphere. A spherical conductor having three concentric regions is discussed; and we also derive an analytic formula for the magnetic field inside a homogeneous infinite half space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - NERVOUS system
KW  - CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - HOMOGENEOUS spaces
KW  - BIOMEDICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13986136; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p1310; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: NERVOUS system; Subject Term: CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: HOMOGENEOUS spaces; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL engineering; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TBME.2004.827554
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=13986136&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, Tony L.
AU  - Horine, Frank M.
AU  - Daly, Kevin C.
AU  - Smith, Brian H.
T1  - Explosives Detection With Hard-Wired Moths.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1113
EP  - 1118
SN  - 00189456
AB  - Insects, such as moths, can be trained to respond to explosives odors. A prototype system that can use trained insects such as moths to detect explosives was designed, assembled, and tested. It compares the electromyographic signals of insects trained to respond or not respond to a target explosive vapor in order to determine whether or not explosive devices, such as bombs or landmines, are present. The device was designed to be portable by making it lightweight, battery-powered, and energy efficient. The prototype performed successfully during testing. This device is a novel integration of electronics and biology to create a bioinstrument that has not been previously developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES detection
KW  - MOTHS
KW  - ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
KW  - LAND mines
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRODIAGNOSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 14196912; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p1113; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES detection; Subject Term: MOTHS; Subject Term: ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; Subject Term: LAND mines; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRODIAGNOSIS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 6p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TIM.2004.831455
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14196912&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - López, Lester S.
AU  - Weller, Thomas M.
T1  - A Low-Loss Quartz-Based Cross-Coupled Filter Integrated Onto Low-Resistivity Silicon.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
PY  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1809
EP  - 1812
SN  - 00189480
AB  - This paper presents a 10-GHz cross-coupled band- pass filter integrated onto low-resistivity silicon. The filter is fabricated on a quartz substrate and then mounted onto the silicon using benzocyclobutene and inverted microstrip interconnects. The approach enables the integration of low-loss distributed microwave components onto CMOS-grade Si substrates while occupying a small effective footprint on the silicon. Experimental and theoretical results are given for 10-GHz filters integrated onto a 10-Ω cm silicon substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROWAVE devices
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ANTHROPOMETRY
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 14229767; Source Information: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 52 Issue 8, p1809; Subject Term: MICROWAVE devices; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ANTHROPOMETRY; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 4p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMTT.2004.831577
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14229767&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Valentine, John D.
T1  - A Brief Note From the Editor for the Nuclear Science Symposium, Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, and Symposium on Nuclear Power Systems Contributions to the IEEE TRANSACTIONS...
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1311
EP  - 1311
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Presents an introduction to the journal "IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science."
KW  - PERIODICALS
KW  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 14397534; Valentine, John D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Defense Sciences Engineering Division Livermore, CA 94550 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1311; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; Reviews & Products: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.833174
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397534&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Geronimo, Gianluigi
AU  - Fried, Jack
AU  - O'Connor, Paul
AU  - Radeka, Veljko
AU  - Smith, Graham C.
AU  - Thorn, Criag
AU  - Bo Yu
T1  - Front-End ASIC for a GEM Based Time Projection Chamber.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1312
EP  - 1317
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A time projection chamber for experiments with the laser electron gamma source is being developed. It is composed of a can and a single-ended, dual-stage gas electron multiplier, with associated anode plane pixellated into about 8000 pads. The front-end electronics must provide energy, timing, and address information from those pads involved in measuring each track. For center of gravity determination this information must be sampled from the above-threshold pad and from the two adjacent ones. An efficient scheme for readout of the &ap;8000 front-end channels between each measurement cycle is also required. A 32-channel front-end application-specific integrated circuit has been developed to serve this detector. Fabricated in 0.25 μm CMOS technology, it dissipates 41 mW. Each channel implements a low noise charge preamplifier with continuous reset of new concept, shaping amplifier with band gap referenced baseline sta- bilizer, single threshold discriminator, dual-phase peak detector, timing detector, and logic for neighbor enabling. The readout process is based on token passing and flag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CENTER of mass
KW  - LASER electrochemistry
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ASIC
KW  - GEM
KW  - reset
KW  - TPC
N1  - Accession Number: 14397535; de Geronimo, Gianluigi 1; Email Address: degeronimo@bnl.gov; Fried, Jack 1; O'Connor, Paul 1; Radeka, Veljko 1; Smith, Graham C. 1; Thorn, Criag 2; Email Address: thorn@bnl.gov; Bo Yu 1; Affiliations: 1: Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: LEGS Group, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1312; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CENTER of mass; Subject Term: LASER electrochemistry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: ASIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: GEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: reset; Author-Supplied Keyword: TPC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832294
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397535&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratte, Jean-François
AU  - de Geronimo, Ganluigi
AU  - Junnarkar, Sachin
AU  - O'Connor, Paul
AU  - Bo Yu
AU  - Robert, Stéfan
AU  - Radeka, Veljko
AU  - Woody, Criag
AU  - Stoll, Sean
AU  - Vaska, Paul
AU  - Kandasamy, Anand
AU  - Lecomte, Roger
AU  - Fontaine, Réjean
T1  - Front-End Electronics for the RatCAP Mobile Animal PET Scanner.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1318
EP  - 1323
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We report on the development of the front-end electronics for rat conscious animal positron emission tomography (RatCAP), a portable and miniature positron emission tomography scanner. The application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is realized in a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor 0.18 pm technology and is composed of 32 channels of charge sensitive preamplifier, third-order semi-Gaussian bipolar shaper, timing discriminator with independent channel adjustable threshold, and a 32-line address serial encoder to minimize the number of interconnections between the camera and the data acquisition system. Each chip has a maximum power dissipation of 125 mW. A mathematical model of the timing resolution as a function of the noise and slope at the discrimination point as well as the photoelectron statistics was developed and validated. So far, three ASIC prototypes implementing part of the electronics were sent to fabrication. Results from the characterization of the first two prototypes are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - APPLICATION-specific integrated circuits
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - RATS
KW  - Avalanche photodiodes (APDs)
KW  - complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)
KW  - mixed analog-digital integrated circuits
KW  - positron emission tomography
KW  - rat conscious animal positron emission tomography (RatCAP)
N1  - Accession Number: 14397536; Pratte, Jean-François 1; Email Address: jfpratte@bnl.gov; de Geronimo, Ganluigi 1; Junnarkar, Sachin 1; O'Connor, Paul 1; Bo Yu 1; Robert, Stéfan 2; Radeka, Veljko 1; Woody, Criag 1; Stoll, Sean 1; Vaska, Paul 1; Kandasamy, Anand 1; Lecomte, Roger 2; Fontaine, Réjean 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 2: Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 PQ, Canada.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1318; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: APPLICATION-specific integrated circuits; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: RATS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Avalanche photodiodes (APDs); Author-Supplied Keyword: complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS); Author-Supplied Keyword: mixed analog-digital integrated circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: positron emission tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: rat conscious animal positron emission tomography (RatCAP); NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832299
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397536&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lazarus, I. H.
AU  - Appelbe, D. E.
AU  - Boston, A. J.
AU  - Coleman-Smith, P. J.
AU  - Cresswell, J. R.
AU  - Descovich, M.
AU  - Gros, S. A. A.
AU  - Lauer, M.
AU  - Norman, J.
AU  - Pearson, C. J.
AU  - Pucknell, V. F. E.
AU  - Sampson, J. A.
AU  - Turk, G.
AU  - Valiente-Dobon, J. J.
T1  - The GRT4 VME Pulse Processing Card for Segmented Germanium Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1353
EP  - 1357
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A four-channel VERSAmodule Eurocard (VME) with 14 bit, 80 MHz digitizers and powerful on-board processing has been designed, built, and used in tests of digital pulse processing techniques for gamma-ray tracking. This paper explains the background, describes the VME card (known as the GRT4) and presents a 64-channel GRT4 digitizing system which was used to instrument two segmented Germanium detectors during in-beam tests. Results obtained using the GRT4 card are presented as well as some applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM diodes
KW  - ELECTRONIC pulse techniques
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Digital signal processing
KW  - digitizer
KW  - field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
KW  - gamma-ray spectroscopy detectors
KW  - germanium radiation detectors
KW  - pulse shape analysis (PSA)
KW  - segmented detectors.
N1  - Accession Number: 14397541; Lazarus, I. H. 1; Email Address: l.H.Lazarus@dl.ac.uk; Appelbe, D. E. 1; Boston, A. J. 2; Coleman-Smith, P. J. 1; Cresswell, J. R. 2; Descovich, M. 3; Gros, S. A. A. 2; Lauer, M. 4; Norman, J. 2; Pearson, C. J. 5; Pucknell, V. F. E. 1; Sampson, J. A. 2; Turk, G. 2; Valiente-Dobon, J. J. 5; Affiliations: 1: Daresbury Laboratory, Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils, Warrington WA4 4AD, U.K.; 2: Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, U.K.; 3: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 4: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany.; 5: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, U.K.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1353; Subject Term: GERMANIUM diodes; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC pulse techniques; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital signal processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: digitizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-ray spectroscopy detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: germanium radiation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse shape analysis (PSA); Author-Supplied Keyword: segmented detectors.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832704
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blanquart, L.
AU  - Richardson, J.
AU  - Einsweiler, K.
AU  - Fischer, P.
AU  - Mandelli, E.
AU  - Meddeler, G.
AU  - Peric, I.
T1  - FE-I2: A Front-End Readout Chip Designed in a Commercial O.25-μm Process for the ATLAS Pixel Detector at LHC.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1358
EP  - 1364
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new front-end chip (FE-I2) has been developed for the ATLAS pixel detector at the future Large Hadron Collider (LHC) accelerator facility of the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN). This chip has been submitted in a commercial 0.25-μm CMOS process using special layout techniques for radiation tolerance. It comprises 2880 pixels arranged into 18 columns of 160 channels. Each pixel element of dimension 50 μm x 400 μm is composed of a charge-sensitive amplifier followed by a fast discriminator with a detection threshold adjustable within a range of 0-6000 electrons and slow control logic incorporating a wired-hit-Or, preamplifier-kill, readout mask, and automatic threshold tuning circuitry. There are two single-event-upset (SEU)-tolerant DACs for reducing threshold (7-b) and recovery-time (3-b) mismatches from pixel to pixel along with digital hit emulation and a differential readout circuit aimed at transporting time-stamped data from each pixel to buffers at the bottom of the chip. In comparison to previous generations of the ATLAS pixel chip, FE-I2 incorporates many new features such as embedded "smart" decoupling capacitances, long-term overvoltage protection, linear regulators, a capacitance calibration charge-pump circuit, a power-on reset, and a leakage current monitoring circuit. Its predecessor (FE-I1) has been demonstrated to operate correctly after ionizing radiation doses exceeding 50 Mrad (SiO2). Special techniques employed for digital pick-up reduction are also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - ELECTRIC capacity
KW  - Active bias distribution
KW  - hybrid pixel sensor
KW  - leakage current compensation
KW  - multichip module
KW  - shielding technique
KW  - threshold adjustment
KW  - time over threshold
N1  - Accession Number: 14397542; Blanquart, L. 1; Email Address: lblanquart@lbl.gov; Richardson, J. 1; Einsweiler, K. 1; Fischer, P. 2; Email Address: pfischer@rumms.uni-mannheim.de; Mandelli, E. 1; Meddeler, G. 1; Peric, I. 3; Email Address: peric@faust.physik.uni-bonn.de; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: University of Mannheim, Mannheim D-68 165, Germany.; 3: Physikalisches Institut der Universitat Bonn, D-53 115 Bonn, Germany.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1358; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: ELECTRIC capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active bias distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: hybrid pixel sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: leakage current compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: multichip module; Author-Supplied Keyword: shielding technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: threshold adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: time over threshold; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832895
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397542&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scarpine, Victor E.
AU  - Lumpkin, Alex H.
AU  - Schappert, Warren
AU  - Tassotto, Gianni R.
T1  - Optical Transition Radiation Imaging of Intense Proton Beams at FNAL.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1529
EP  - 1532
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Initial results are presented of a prototype optical transition radiation (OTR) detector under development at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The purpose of this prototype detector is to evaluate the feasibility of using OTR imaging of intense proton (or antiproton) beams in transport lines for beam position and shape measurements. A secondary purpose is to develop experience in designing, constructing and operating a camera and optics system in high radiation environments. Measurements are made of 120 GeV proton beams with intensities up to 4.7 × 1012 particles. Data are presented of OTR with titanium and aluminum foils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - 120-GeV protons
KW  - optical transition
KW  - radiation proton
N1  - Accession Number: 14397571; Scarpine, Victor E. 1; Email Address: scarpine@fnal.gov; Lumpkin, Alex H. 2; Email Address: tassotto@fnal.gov; Schappert, Warren 3; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov; Tassotto, Gianni R. 1; Email Address: warren@array.ca; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; 3: Array Systems Computing Inc., Toronto. ON M3J-3H7, Canada.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1529; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 120-GeV protons; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation proton; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004. 832904
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397571&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akimoto, T.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Azzi, P.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Booth, P.
AU  - Bortoletto, D.
AU  - Burghard, A.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Canepa, A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Chertok, M.
AU  - Ciobanu, C. I.
AU  - Cooke, P.
AU  - Derylo, G.
AU  - Fang, I.
T1  - Sensors for the CDF Run2b Silicon Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1546
EP  - 1554
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We describe the characteristics of silicon microstrip sensors fabricated by Hamamatsu Photonics for the CDF Run 2b silicon detector. A total of 953 sensors, including 117 prototype sensors, have been produced and tested. Five sensors were irradiated with neutrons up to 1.4 x 1014 n/cm2 as a part of the sensor quality assurance program. The electrical and mechanical characteristics are found to be superior in all aspects and fulfill our specifications. We comment on charge-up susceptibility of the sensors that employ a (100) crystal structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUALITY assurance
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14397574; Akimoto, T. 1; Aoki, M. 1; Azzi, P. 2; Bacchetta, N. 2; Behari, S. 3; Benjamin, D. 4; Bisello, D. 2; Bolla, G. 5; Booth, P. 6; Bortoletto, D. 5; Burghard, A. 7; Busetto, G. 2; Cabrera, S. 4; Canepa, A. 5; Cardoso, G. 6; Chertok, M. 8; Ciobanu, C. I. 9; Cooke, P. 6; Derylo, G. 10; Fang, I. 10; Affiliations: 1: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.; 2: Universita' di Padova, Padova, Italy, and INFN, Padova, Italy.; 3: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 4: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; 5: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; 6: University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, U.K. A.; 7: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.; 8: University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; 9: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; 10: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1546; Thesaurus Term: QUALITY assurance; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832586
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397574&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kleinfelder, Stuart
AU  - Yandong Chen
AU  - Kwiatkowski, Kris
AU  - Shah, Ashish
T1  - High-Speed CMOS Image Sensor Circuits With In Situ Frame Storage.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1648
EP  - 1656
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Two CMOS image sensor circuit prototypes equipped with in situ frame storage have been fabricated and tested. Capable of 4-400 M-frames/s and between 66 and 79 dB rms dynamic range, these developments are intended for the capture of fast, brief, transient events with high resolution. Applications include accelerator-based flash radiography such as proton radiography [1]. The first is a small two-dimensional (2-D) prototype in which each pixel includes either a capacitive trans-impedance amplifier or a direct-integration source-follower front end, followed by an array of 64 frame storage sample capacitors and associated readout electronics. The acquisition of either 32 frames using correlated double sampling (CDS) at 4 M-frames/s, or 64 frames without CDS at up to 10.5 M-frames/s (-3 dB), and up to 13 b dynamic range was achieved. The second is a monolithic solid state "streak camera:," a 1-D linear array of 150 photo diodes, with a 150-frame analog storage array. This device reached 400-M-frames/s operation with electrical test inputs, at least 100-M-frames/s operation with optical inputs, and achieves over 11 b of dynamic range. These circuits demonstrate the high performance possible with CMOS sensor circuits containing in situ frame storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ELECTRIC impedance
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Active pixel sensor
KW  - CMOS
KW  - high-speed imaging
KW  - streak camera
N1  - Accession Number: 14397590; Kleinfelder, Stuart 1; Email Address: stuartk@uci.edu; Yandong Chen 1; Kwiatkowski, Kris 2; Email Address: krisk@lanl.gov; Shah, Ashish 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.; 2: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1648; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC impedance; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active pixel sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-speed imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: streak camera; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832584
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397590&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jarman, Kenneth D.
AU  - Smith, L. Eric
AU  - Carlson, Deborah K.
T1  - Sequential Probability Ratio Test for Long-Term Radiation Monitoring.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1662
EP  - 1666
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Among the possible decision-making algorithms for sequentially-acquired radiation sensor data is the Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT). The suitability of the SPRT for long-term monitoring applications is discussed, and the decision-making performance of the SPRT is compared to that of the commonly used single-interval test (SIT). The analysis spans a wide range of signal and background count rates so that results are applicable to sew son of all sizes operating in different ambient conditions, with a spectrum of alarm thresholds. It is demonstrated that, for these simulated long-term monitoring scenarios, decisions to issue an alarm when the measured count rate equals the threshold count rate are made 3-S times faster using the SPRT than with the SIT. The ability of the SPRT to provide an "all-clear" indication and the need for SPRT truncation strategies to limit decision times when the measured count rate falls between background and the specified threshold are also discussed. Under an early termination scenario, it is shown that a truncated SPRT retains a higher probability of detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - RADIATION measurements
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Nuclear measurements and monitoring techniques
KW  - sensor networks and homeland security
N1  - Accession Number: 14397592; Jarman, Kenneth D. 1; Email Address: kj@pnl.gov; Smith, L. Eric 2; Email Address: eric.srnith@pnl.gov; Carlson, Deborah K. 1; Email Address: dcarlson@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Computational Sciences and Mathematics Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; 2: Radiation and Nuclear Physics Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1662; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: RADIATION measurements; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear measurements and monitoring techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensor networks and homeland security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832543
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397592&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moss, C. E.
AU  - Goulding, C. A.
AU  - Hollas, C. L.
AU  - Myers, W. L.
T1  - Neutron Detectors for Active Interrogation of Highly Enriched Uranium.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1677
EP  - 1681
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We describe the results of our effort to optimize three neutron detector systems for active interrogation of highly enriched uranium: 1) a large-area detector for maximum absolute efficiency; 2) modular detectors for maximum flexibility in configuring a detector system for an application; and 3) a portable detector. All three systems contained 3He tubes, polyethylene to moderate the neutrons, and cadmium to filter out room-return thermal neutrons. The back and sides of the detectors were shielded with additional polyethylene or bonded polyethylene. The electronics gated off the data acquisition during the interrogating pulse, either bremsstrahlung photons from an electron linac or neutrons from a DT generator. The sensitivity of each detector system depends on the distance between the detector and nuclear material as well as on the intervening material. We present representative data for several configurations showing the performance of each system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - BREMSSTRAHLUNG
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Active interrogation
KW  - bremsstrahlung
KW  - linear accelerators
KW  - neutron detectors
KW  - neutron generators
N1  - Accession Number: 14397595; Moss, C. E. 1; Email Address: cmoss@lanl.gov; Goulding, C. A.; Email Address: chollas@lanl.gov; Hollas, C. L. 1; Email Address: bmyers@lanl.gov; Myers, W. L. 1; Email Address: cgoulding@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1677; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: BREMSSTRAHLUNG; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active interrogation; Author-Supplied Keyword: bremsstrahlung; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron generators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832992
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397595&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nemzek, Robert J.
AU  - Dreicer, Jared S.
AU  - Tomey, David C.
AU  - Warnock, Tony T.
T1  - Distributed Sensor Networks for Detection of Mobile Radioactive Sources.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1693
EP  - 1700
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The ability to track illicit radioactive transport through an urban environment has obvious national security applications. This goal may be achieved by means of individual portal monitors, or by a network of distributed sensors. We have examined the distributed sensing problem by modeling a network of scintillation detectors measuring a Cesium-137 source. We examine signal-to-noise behavior that arises in the simple combination of data from networked radiation sensors. We find that, in the ideal case, large increases in signal-to-noise compared to an individual detector can be achieved, even for a moving source. We also discuss statistical techniques for localizing and tracking single and multiple radioactive sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - Bayes procedures
KW  - coherent addition
KW  - counter-terrorism
KW  - signal detection and estimation
KW  - velocity measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 14397598; Nemzek, Robert J. 1; Email Address: nemzek@lanl.gov; Dreicer, Jared S. 2; Email Address: jdreicer@lanl.gov; Tomey, David C. 3; Email Address: dct@lanl.gov; Warnock, Tony T. 4; Email Address: ttw@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ISR-4, MS-D448, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, DIR, MS-D440, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, T- 10, MS-K7 10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, CCS-3, MS-B265, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1693; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayes procedures; Author-Supplied Keyword: coherent addition; Author-Supplied Keyword: counter-terrorism; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal detection and estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: velocity measurement; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832582
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397598&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Womack, Frank N.
AU  - Goedeke, Shawn M.
AU  - Bergeron, Noah P.
AU  - Hollerman, William A.
AU  - Allison, Stephen W.
T1  - Measurement of Triboluminescence and Proton Half Brightness Dose for ZnS:Mn.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1737
EP  - 1741
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Preliminary research has shown that triboluminescent (TL) phosphors show promise for use as the active element in impact sensors. For ZnS:Mn, preliminary results indicate that impact energies greater than 1.6 Times; 10-2 J produced measurable TL light. A so-called "smart" structure with embedded TL material could be capable of determining whether a particle had struck, and record the relative intensity of its impact. In order to use such materials in space, we need to understand the radiation susceptibility of the TL phosphor. The corresponding proton dose required to reduce the proton-induced luminescence of ZnS:Mn to half of its initial value was found to be 9.02 × 1013 mm-2. This value will be used to help determine how incident protons affect the production of TL in ZnS:Mn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHOSPHORS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Drop tower
KW  - half brightness dose
KW  - triboluminescence
KW  - ZnS:Mn
N1  - Accession Number: 14397605; Womack, Frank N. 1; Goedeke, Shawn M. 2; Email Address: goedekesm@oml.gov; Bergeron, Noah P. 1; Hollerman, William A. 1; Email Address: hollerman@louisiana.edu; Allison, Stephen W. 2; Email Address: allisonsm@oml.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.; 2: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1737; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drop tower; Author-Supplied Keyword: half brightness dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: triboluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnS:Mn; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832604
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397605&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Z. W.
AU  - Miller, M. A.
AU  - Maya, L.
AU  - Brown, G. M.
AU  - Sloop Jr., F. V.
T1  - Boron-Loaded Silicone Rubber Scintillators.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1773
EP  - 1776
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Silicone rubber has received attention as an alternative to polyvinyltoluene in applications in which the scintillator is exposed to high doses of radiation because of the increased resistance of the rubber to the formation of blue-absorbing color centers. Work by Bowen, et at, and Harmon, et at, has demonstrated their properties under gamma/X-ray irradiation, and Bell, et a!. have shown their response to thermal neutrons. This last work, however, provides an example of a silicone in which both the boron and the scintillator are contained in the rubber as solutes, a formulation which leads to the precipitation of solids and sublimation of the boron component. In the present work we describe a scintillator in which the boron is chemically bonded to the siloxane and so avoids the problem of precipitation and loss of boron to sublimation. Material containing up to 18% boron, by weight, was prepared, mounted on photomultipliers, and exposed to both neutron and gamma fluxes. Pulse height spectra showing the neutron and photon response were obtained, and although the light output was found to be much poorer than from samples in which boron was dissolved, the higher boron concentrations enabled essentially 100% neutron absorption in only a few millimeters of rubber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICONE rubber
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - THERMAL neutrons
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - SILOXANES
KW  - BORON
KW  - Boron-loaded scintillator
KW  - neutron
KW  - organic scmtillator
KW  - silicone rubber
KW  - thermal neutron detection
N1  - Accession Number: 14397611; Bell, Z. W. 1; Email Address: bellzw@ornl.gov; Miller, M. A. 2; Email Address: millerma@y12.doe.gov; Maya, L. 3; Brown, G. M. 1; Email Address: browngm1@ornl.gov; Sloop Jr., F. V. 1; Email Address: sloopfvjr@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; 2: Y-12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; 3: 724 Mountain Pass Lane, Knoxville, TN 37923 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1773; Subject Term: SILICONE rubber; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: THERMAL neutrons; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Subject Term: SILOXANES; Subject Term: BORON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron-loaded scintillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: organic scmtillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicone rubber; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal neutron detection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832600
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397611&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwiatkowski, Kris
AU  - Lyke, Jim
AU  - Wojnarowski, Robert
AU  - Kapusta, Chris
AU  - Kleinfelder, Stuart
AU  - Wilke, Mark
T1  - 3-D Electronics Interconnect for High-Performance Imaging Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1829
EP  - 1834
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We describe work that extends three-dimensional (3-D) patterned overlay high-density interconnect (HDI) to high-performance imaging applications. The work was motivated by the rigorous requirements of the multiple-pulse imager for dynamic proton radiography. The optical imager has to provide large (>90%) optical fill factor, high quantum efficiency, 200-ns inter-frame time interval, and storage for >32 frames. In order to accommodate the massively parallel electronics including the signal storage for a large number of frames, it is necessary to provide novel 3-D interconnect and packaging architectures. Recently, a 3-D interconnect technology was successfully demonstrated to assemble a stack of 50 signal-processing chips into a cube. Each chip contained test connections (interconnect continuity only) simulating 160 channels of pixel read-out electronics. Test cube assemblies, based on these mock-up integrated circuits, have been fabricated to explore the feasibility of constructing functional cube arrays. A novel 3D integrated sensor-electronics (mirror-cube) imager architecture is proposed. We also briefly review progress in the custom fast image-processing electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - 3-D interconnect
KW  - Adaptive lithography
KW  - die stacking
KW  - fast imagers
KW  - HDI
KW  - polymer bump bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 14397621; Kwiatkowski, Kris 1; Email Address: krisk@lanl.gov; Lyke, Jim 2; Email Address: james.lyke@kirtland.af.mil; Wojnarowski, Robert 3; Kapusta, Chris 3; Kleinfelder, Stuart 4; Email Address: stuartk@uci.edu; Wilke, Mark 1; Email Address: wilke@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H-803, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: United State Air Force Research Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.; 3: General Electric-Global Research, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA.; 4: Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1829; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-D interconnect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: die stacking; Author-Supplied Keyword: fast imagers; Author-Supplied Keyword: HDI; Author-Supplied Keyword: polymer bump bonding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832712
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397621&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maravin, Yurii
AU  - Anderson, John
AU  - Angstadt, Robert
AU  - Babukhadia, Levan
AU  - Bhattacharjee, Mrinmoy
AU  - Blazey, Gerald
AU  - Borcherding, Fred
AU  - Connolly, Brian
AU  - Cooke, Michael
AU  - Desai, Satish
AU  - Evans, David
AU  - Grannis, Paul
AU  - Grunendahl, Stefan
AU  - Hensel, Carsten
AU  - Hu, Yuan
AU  - Jain, Vivek
AU  - Johnson, Marvin
AU  - Linn, Stephan
AU  - Lizarazo, Juan
AU  - Martin, Manuel
T1  - First Results From the Central Tracking Trigger of the Dø Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1848
EP  - 1851
SN  - 00189499
AB  - An overview of the Dø Central Track Trigger (CTT) for the Tevatron Run 2 program is presented. This newly commissioned system uses information from the Dø Central Fiber Tracker and Preshower Detectors to generate trigger information for the first level of the three-tiered Dø Trigger. The system delivers tracking detector trigger decisions every 132 ns, based on input data flowing at a rate of 475 Gbit per second. Initial results indicate excellent performance of the CTT. First studies of efficiency and trigger performance of the CTT are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - TRIGGER circuits
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
KW  - parallel scintillation detectors
KW  - triggering
N1  - Accession Number: 14397624; Maravin, Yurii 1; Email Address: maravin@final.gov; Anderson, John 1; Angstadt, Robert 1; Babukhadia, Levan 2; Bhattacharjee, Mrinmoy 2; Blazey, Gerald 3; Borcherding, Fred 1; Connolly, Brian 4; Cooke, Michael 5; Desai, Satish 2; Evans, David 6; Grannis, Paul 2; Grunendahl, Stefan 1; Hensel, Carsten 7; Hu, Yuan 2; Jain, Vivek 8; Johnson, Marvin 1; Linn, Stephan 4; Lizarazo, Juan 9; Martin, Manuel 3; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.; 3: NICADDINIU, Northern Illinois University, DeKaIb, IL 60115 USA.; 4: Physics Department, Honda State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; 5: TW Bonner Nuclear Lab, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K.; 7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.; 8: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 9: Departamento de Fisica, Universidad De Los Andes, Apartado Aereo 4976, Bogota, Colombia.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1848; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: TRIGGER circuits; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel scintillation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832623
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397624&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fiederle, M.
AU  - Fauler, A.
AU  - Konrath, J.
AU  - Babentsov, V.
AU  - Franc, J.
AU  - James, R. B.
T1  - Comparison of Undoped and Doped High Resistivity CdTe and (Cd,Zn)Te Detector Crystals.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1864
EP  - 1868
SN  - 00189499
AB  - CdTe and (Cd,Zn)Te crystals were grown to study the compensation mechanism and the influence on the transport properties. Undoped and doped crystals with Sn, In, and Ge were grown. The crystals showed resistivities up to 109 Ωcm and higher. The transport properties depended strongly on the dopant and the compensation mechanism. For the doping with a deep donor, the mobility-lifetime product of electrons were 2 × 10-5 cm/V and 4 × 10-4 m cm²/V for Ge and Sn doped, respectively. The highest values were obtained for In doped (Cd,Zn)Te with 3.3 × 10-3 cm²/V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CdTe
KW  - CdZnTe
KW  - compensation mechanism
KW  - radiation detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 14397628; Fiederle, M. 1; Email Address: Michael.Fiederle@fmf.uni-freiburg.de; Fauler, A. 1; Konrath, J. 1; Babentsov, V. 1; Franc, J. 1; James, R. B. 2; Email Address: rjames@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.; 2: Environment and National Security, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1864; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdZnTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: compensation mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation detectors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832958
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14397628&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Ning
AU  - Chassin, David P.
T1  - A State-Queueing Model of Thermostatically Controlled Appliances.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1666
EP  - 1673
SN  - 08858950
AB  - This paper develops a state-queuing model to analyze the price response of aggregated loads consisting of thermostatically controlled appliances (TCAs). Assuming a perfectly diversified load before the price response, we show that TCA setpoint changes in response to the market price Will result in a redistribution of TCAs in on/off states and therefore change the probabilities for a unit to reside in each state. A randomly distributed load can be partially synchronized and the aggregated diversity lost. The loss of the load diversity can then create unexpected dynamics in the aggregated load profile. Raising issues such as restoring load diversity and damping the peak loads are also addressed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOAD (Electric power)
KW  - INTERCONNECTED electric utility systems -- Automation
KW  - ELECTRIC power consumption
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14194070; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p1666; Subject Term: LOAD (Electric power); Subject Term: INTERCONNECTED electric utility systems -- Automation; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power consumption; Subject Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 8p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TPWRS.2004.831700
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14194070&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiaoyu Li
AU  - Barnum, Howard
T1  - QUANTUM AUTHENTICATION USING ENTANGLED STATES.
JO  - International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science
JF  - International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 609
EP  - 617
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 01290541
AB  - A quantum authentication scheme is presented in this paper. Two parties share Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR) pairs previously as the identification token. They create auxiliary EPR pairs to interact with the identification token. Then the authentication is accomplished by a complete Bell state measurement. This scheme is proved to be secure. If no errors and eavesdroppers exist in the transmission, the identification token is unchanged after the authentication. So it can be reused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER network security
KW  - CRYPTOGRAPHY
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - COMPUTER network protocols
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - authentication
KW  - EPR pair
KW  - identification token
KW  - reusable
KW  - security
KW  - the Bell state measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 14261624; Xiaoyu Li 1,2; Email Address: lxy@ict.ac.en; Barnum, Howard 3; Email Address: barnum@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 2704, Beijing, 100080, People `s Republic of China.; 2: School of Chinese Academy Sciences Beijing 100089, People's Republic of China.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B256 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p609; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER network security; Thesaurus Term: CRYPTOGRAPHY; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER network protocols; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: authentication; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPR pair; Author-Supplied Keyword: identification token; Author-Supplied Keyword: reusable; Author-Supplied Keyword: security; Author-Supplied Keyword: the Bell state measurement; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gropp, William
AU  - Lusk, Ewing
T1  - FAULT TOLERANCE IN MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE PROGRAMS.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 372
SN  - 10943420
AB  - As modem supercomputers scale to hundreds or even thousands of individual nodes, the Message Passing Interface (MPI) remains a straightforward and effective way to program them. Users naturally want their programs to adapt to hardware faults and continue running. Researchers have explored a number of different approaches to providing fault tolerance in MPI programs. A particular MPI implementation (no more or less standard-conforming than any other) may still extend (or restrict) the class of MPI programs that will exhibit various degrees of fault tolerance when linked with a particular MPI implementation and executed. of The highest level of survival is that the MPI implementation automatically recovers from some set of faults and the MPI program, regardless of its structure, continues without significant change to its behavior. A second level of survival is that the program is notified of the problem and is prepared to take corrective action.
KW  - FAULT tolerance (Engineering)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers)
N1  - Accession Number: 14260256; Gropp, William 1; Lusk, Ewing 1; Source Information: Fall2004, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p363; Subject: FAULT tolerance (Engineering); Subject: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject: DATA transmission systems; Subject: SYSTEMS design; Subject: COMPUTERS; Subject: PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004046045
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=14260256&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steinwart, Ingo
AU  - Christianini, Nello
T1  - Sparseness of Support Vector Machines.
JO  - Journal of Machine Learning Research
JF  - Journal of Machine Learning Research
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1071
EP  - 1105
PB  - Microtome Publishing
SN  - 15324435
AB  - Support vector machines (SVMs) construct decision functions that are linear combinations of kernel evaluations on the training set. The samples with non-vanishing coefficients are called support vectors. In this work we establish lower (asymptotical) bounds on the number of support vectors. On our way we prove several results which are of great importance for the understanding of SVMs. In particular, we describe to which "limit" SVM decision functions tend, discuss the corresponding notion of convergence and provide some results on the stability of SVMs using subdifferential calculus in the associated reproducing kernel Hilbert space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Machine Learning Research is the property of Microtome Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACHINE theory
KW  - MACHINE learning
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL learning theory
KW  - KERNEL functions
KW  - VECTOR analysis
KW  - Computational learning theory
KW  - PAC MODEL
KW  - Pattern recognition
KW  - Sparseness
KW  - SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES
N1  - Accession Number: 14326169; Steinwart, Ingo 1; Email Address: INGO@LANL.GOV; Christianini, Nello; Affiliations: 1: Modeling, Algorithms, and Informatics Group, CCS-3, Mail Stop B256, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1071; Thesaurus Term: MACHINE theory; Subject Term: MACHINE learning; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL learning theory; Subject Term: KERNEL functions; Subject Term: VECTOR analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational learning theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: PAC MODEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pattern recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sparseness; Author-Supplied Keyword: SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/1532443041827925
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14326169&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Czaplewski, David A.
AU  - Ilic, Bojan Rob
AU  - Zalalutdinov, Maxim
AU  - Olbricht, William L.
AU  - Zehnder, Alan T.
AU  - Craighead, Harold U.
AU  - Michalske, Terry A.
T1  - A Micromechanical Flow Sensor for Microfluidic Applications.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
J1  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 576
EP  - 585
SN  - 10577157
AB  - We fabricated a microftuidic flow meter and measured its response to fluid flow in a microfluidic channel. The flow meter consisted of a micromechanical plate, coupled to a laser deflection system to measure the deflection of the plate during fluid flow. The 100 pm square plate was clamped on three sides and elevated 3 pm above the bottom surface of the channel. The response of the flow meter was measured for flow rates, ranging from 2.1 to 41.7 µL/min. Several fluids, with dynamic viscosities ranging from 0.8 to 4.5 × 10-3 N/rn, were flowed through the channels. Flow was established in the microfluidic channel by means of a syringe pump, and the angular deflection of the plate monitored. The response of the plate to flow of a fluid with a viscosity of 4.5 × 10-3 N/rn was linear for all flow rates, while the plate responded linearly to flow rates less than 4.2 µL/min of solutions with lower dynamic viscosities. The sensitivity of the deflection of the plate to fluid flow was 12.5 ± 0.2 µbrad/(µL/min), for a fluid with a viscosity of 4.5 × 10-3 N/rn. The encapsulated plate provided local flow information along the length of a microfluidic channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - FLOW meters
KW  - VISCOSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14354701; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p576; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: FLOW meters; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 10p; ; Illustrations: 13 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.832179
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14354701&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallis, Michael A.
AU  - Torczynski, John R.
T1  - An Improved Reynolds-Equation Model for Gas Damping of Microbeam Motion.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
J1  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
PY  - 2004/08//
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 659
SN  - 10577157
AB  - An improved gas-damping model for the out-of-plane motion of a near-substrate microbeam is developed based on the Reynolds equation (RE). A boundary condition for the RE is developed that relates the pressure at the beam edge to the beam motion. The coefficients in this boundary condition are determined from Navier-Stokes slip-jump (NSSJ) simulations for small slip lengths (relative to the gap height) and from direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) molecular gas dynamics simulations for larger slip lengths. This boundary condition significantly improves the accuracy of the RE when the microbeam width is only slightly greater than the gap height between the microbeam and the substrate. The improved RE model is applied to microbeams fabricated using the SUMMIT V process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REYNOLDS analogy
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - GAS dynamics
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14354710; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p653; Subject Term: REYNOLDS analogy; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: GAS dynamics; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 7p; ; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 11 Graphs; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, G.
AU  - De, J.
AU  - Schoeniger, J.S.
AU  - Roe, D.C.
AU  - Carbonell, R.G.
T1  - A hexamer peptide ligand that binds selectively to staphylococcal enterotoxin B: isolation from a solid phase combinatorial library.
JO  - Journal of Peptide Research
JF  - Journal of Peptide Research
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 64
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 64
SN  - 1397002X
AB  - By screening a solid-phase combinatorial peptide library, a short peptide ligand, YYWLHH, has been discovered that binds with high affinity and selectivity to staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), but only weakly to other SEs that share sequence and structural homology with SEB. Using column affinity chromatography with an immobilized YYWLHH stationary phase, it was possible to separate SEB quantitatively from Staphylococcus aureus fermentation broth, a complex mixture of proteins, carbohydrates and other biomolecules. The immobilized peptide was also used to purify native SEB from a mixture containing denatured and hydrolyzed SEB, and showed little cross-reactivity with other SEs. To our knowledge this is the first report of a highly specific short peptide ligand for SEB. Such a ligand is a potential candidate to replace antibodies for detection, removal and purification strategies for SEB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Peptide Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - ENTEROTOXINS
KW  - STAPHYLOCOCCAL diseases
KW  - COMBINATORIAL chemistry
KW  - SOLID-phase biochemistry
KW  - affinity adsorption
KW  - combinatorial peptide library
KW  - peptide ligands
N1  - Accession Number: 13749035; Wang, G. 1; De, J. 1; Schoeniger, J.S. 2; Roe, D.C. 2; Carbonell, R.G. 1; Email Address: ruben@ncsu.edu; Source Information: Aug2004, Vol. 64 Issue 2, p51; Subject: PEPTIDES; Subject: LIGANDS; Subject: ENTEROTOXINS; Subject: STAPHYLOCOCCAL diseases; Subject: COMBINATORIAL chemistry; Subject: SOLID-phase biochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: affinity adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: combinatorial peptide library; Author-Supplied Keyword: peptide ligands; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1399-3011.2004.00170.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=13749035&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norton, Stephen J.
T1  - Iterative algorithms for computing the shape of a hard scattering object: Computing the shape derivative.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 116
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1002
EP  - 1008
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The problem of determining the shape of an acoustically hard scattering object from remote scattering measurements is considered. An iterative approach is used to find the object shape that minimizes the mean-squared difference between a set of actual and predicted scattering observations. A crucial task in this minimization is the computation of the "shape derivative," or functional gradient, of the mean-square error with respect to the object's shape or boundary. The shape derivative tells us how to update the object's shape to reduce the mean-square error at each iteration. If, for example, the object's boundary is parameterized with N variables, a brute-force approach to computing the shape derivative using finite-differences would require a minimum of N+1 forward solutions per iteration. We show how the shape derivative can be computed with just two forward solutions: one ordinary forward solution and a suitably constructed adjoint solution. This approach is independent of N and is not only far more efficient, but numerically less error prone, than finite-difference schemes for computing derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FINITE differences
N1  - Accession Number: 20565475; Norton, Stephen J. 1; Email Address: norton@geophex.com; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 116 Issue 2, p1002; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1771611
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Richard R.
AU  - Martello, Donald V.
AU  - White, Curt M.
AU  - Crist, Kevin C.
AU  - John, Kuruvilla
AU  - Modey, William K.
AU  - Eatough, Delbert J.
T1  - The Regional Nature of PM2.5 Episodes in the Upper Ohio River Valley.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 54
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 0
EP  - 984
SN  - 10962247
AB  - From October 1999 through September 2000, particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≥2.5 µm (PM2.5) mass and composition were measured at the National Energy Technology Laboratory Pittsburgh site, with a particle concentrator Brigham Young University-organic sampling system and a tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) monitor. PM2.5 measurements had also been obtained with TEOM monitors located in the Pittsburgh, PA, area, and at sites in Ohio, including Steubenville, Columbus, and Athens. The PM data from all these sites were analyzed on high PM days; PM2.5 TEOM particulate mass at all sites was generally associated with transitions from locally high barometric pressure to lower pressure. Elevated concentrations occurred with transport of PM from outside the local region in advance of frontal passages as the local pressure decreased. During highpressure periods, concentrations at the study sites were generally low throughout the study region. Further details related to this transport were obtained from surface weather maps and estimated back-trajectories using the hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory model associated with these time periods. These analyses indicated that transport of pollutants to the Pittsburgh site was generally from the west to the southwest. These results suggest that the Ohio River Valley and possible regions beyond act as a significant source of PM and its precursors in the Pittsburgh area and at the other regional sites included in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Microbalances
KW  - Trajectory optimization
KW  - Sampling (Process)
KW  - Ohio River Valley
N1  - Accession Number: 14019359; Anderson, Richard R. 1; Email Address: richard.anderson@netl.doe.gov; Martello, Donald V. 1; White, Curt M. 1; Crist, Kevin C. 2; John, Kuruvilla 3; Modey, William K. 4; Eatough, Delbert J. 4; Affiliations: 1 : National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 2 : Institute for Sustainable Energy and the Environment, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio; 3 : Department of Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, Texas; 4 : Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 54 Issue 8, p0; Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Subject Term: Microbalances; Subject Term: Trajectory optimization; Subject Term: Sampling (Process); Subject: Ohio River Valley; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anitescu, Mihai
AU  - Hart, Gary D.
T1  - A fixed-point iteration approach for multibody dynamics with contact and small friction.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 101
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 32
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - Acceleration–force setups for multi-rigid-body dynamics are known to be inconsistent for some configurations and sufficiently large friction coefficients (a Painleve paradox). This difficulty is circumvented by time-stepping methods using impulse-velocity approaches, which solve complementarity problems with possibly nonconvex solution sets. We show that very simple configurations involving two bodies may have a nonconvex solution set for any nonzero value of the friction coefficient. We construct two fixed-point iteration algorithms that solve convex subproblems and that are guaranteed, for sufficiently small friction coefficients, to retrieve, at a linear convergence rate, the unique velocity solution of the nonconvex linear complementarity problem whenever the frictionless configuration can be disassembled. In addition, we show that one step of one of the iterative algorithms provides an excellent approximation to the velocity solution of the original, possibly nonconvex, problem if for all contacts we have that either the friction coefficient is small or the slip velocity is small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR complementarity problem
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry)
KW  - PAINLEVE equations
KW  - NONCONVEX programming
N1  - Accession Number: 14281820; Anitescu, Mihai 1,2; Email Address: anitescu@math.pitt.edu; Hart, Gary D. 1; Email Address: gdhart@pitt.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 101 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: LINEAR complementarity problem; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry); Subject Term: PAINLEVE equations; Subject Term: NONCONVEX programming; Number of Pages: 30p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-004-0535-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferris, Michael C.
AU  - Munson, Todd S.
T1  - Semismooth support vector machines.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 101
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 204
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - Support vector machines can be posed as quadratic programming problems in a variety of ways. This paper investigates a formulation using the two-norm for the misclassification error that leads to a positive definite quadratic program with a single equality constraint under a duality construction. The quadratic term is a small rank update to a diagonal matrix with positive entries. The optimality conditions of the quadratic program are reformulated as a semismooth system of equations using the Fischer-Burmeister function and a damped Newton method is applied to solve the resulting problem. The algorithm is shown to converge from any starting point with a Q-quadratic rate of convergence. At each iteration, the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury update formula is used to solve the key linear system. Results for a large problem with 60 million observations are presented demonstrating the scalability of the proposed method on a personal computer. Significant computational savings are realized as the inactive variables are identified and exploited during the solution process. Further results on a small problem separated by a nonlinear surface are given showing the gains in performance that can be made from restarting the algorithm as the data evolves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - SMOOTHING (Numerical analysis)
KW  - QUADRATIC programming
KW  - VECTOR valued functions
N1  - Accession Number: 14281811; Ferris, Michael C. 1; Email Address: ferris@cs.wisc.edu; Munson, Todd S. 2; Email Address: tmunson@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, 1210 West Dayton Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 101 Issue 1, p185; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: SMOOTHING (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: QUADRATIC programming; Subject Term: VECTOR valued functions; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-004-0541-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fthenakis, Vasilis M.
T1  - Life cycle impact analysis of cadmium in CdTe PV production
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 13640321
AB  - This paper describes the material flows and emissions in all the life stages of CdTe PV modules, from extracting refining and purifying raw materials through the production, use, and disposal or recycling of the modules. The prime focus is on cadmium flows and cadmium emissions into the environment. This assessment also compares the cadmium environmental inventories in CdTe PV modules with those of Ni–Cd batteries and of coal fuel in power plants. Previous studies are reviewed and their findings assessed in light of new data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Coal
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Power plants
KW  - Cadmium emissions
KW  - Cadmium telluride
KW  - Emissions allocation
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Photovoltaics
KW  - Solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 12436078; Fthenakis, Vasilis M. 1; Email Address: vmf@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : National Photovoltaic Environmental Health and Safety Assistance Center, Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p303; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium; Thesaurus Term: Coal; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Power plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium telluride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life cycle analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar cells; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.rser.2003.12.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiser, Ryan
AU  - Bachrach, Devra
AU  - Bolinger, Mark
AU  - Golove, William
T1  - Comparing the risk profiles of renewable and natural gas-fired electricity contracts
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
SN  - 13640321
AB  - Electricity policymakers, industry participants, analysts, and even consumers have become acutely aware of the ever-present risks that face the delivery of electricity. Recent instability in the electricity industry illustrates the need for thoughtful resource planning to balance the cost, reliability, and risk of electricity supply. This article evaluates the relative risk profiles of renewable and natural gas generating plants. It does so by analyzing how six different risks are allocated and, if possible, mitigated in long-term power purchase contracts, taking as a contract sample 27 agreements signed by the California Department of Water Resources in 2001. This assessment illustrates some of the significant differences between the risk profiles of natural gas-fired and renewable generation. Renewable energy contracts are shown to provide the most value relative to natural gas-fired contracts by mitigating fuel price and environmental compliance risks. Gas-fired electricity contracts typically provide better protection against short-term demand risk. When it comes to fuel supply, performance, and regulatory risks, the relative value of renewable and gas-fired contracts is ambiguous. We conclude that a better understanding of risks and risk allocation practices will help utilities, regulators, and others make more objective decisions in the future when selecting between renewable and gas-fired electricity supply. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Natural gas
KW  - Electricity
KW  - Contracts
KW  - California
KW  - United States
KW  - Electricity contracts
KW  - Renewable energy
KW  - Risk
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 12436079; Wiser, Ryan 1; Email Address: rhwiser@lbl.gov; Bachrach, Devra 2; Bolinger, Mark 1; Golove, William 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2 : Natural Resources Defense Counsel, 71 Stevenson Street, #1825, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p335; Thesaurus Term: Natural gas; Thesaurus Term: Electricity; Subject Term: Contracts; Subject: California; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity contracts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.rser.2003.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - JEFF TOLLEFSON, PHOTOS BY CLYDE MUELLER AND PHOTOS COURTESY OF LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY
T1  - STOCKPILE STALEMATE
JO  - Santa Fe New Mexican
JF  - Santa Fe New Mexican
J1  - Santa Fe New Mexican
PY  - 2004/08/01/
Y1  - 2004/08/01/
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
PB  - Y
AB  - ; AGING NUCLEAR ARSENAL RAISES QUESTIONS ABOUT A TECHNOLOGY THAT HAS BEEN EXTENSIVELY STUDIED BUT ISN'T FULLY UNDERSTOOD [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
N1  - Accession Number: 460144900; Source Information: 08/01/2004, pA-1; Number of Pages: A-1; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - n5h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Studham, Scott
T1  - When Does a Cluster Become Greater than the Sum of its Parts?
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 21
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 44
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Discusses the concept of a high performance network called the interconnect. Role of the interconnect device to unify amalgamated stations to achieve a supercomputer classification; Device composition; Importance of choosing suitable interconnects to maximize the potential of the unit for solving single large matrix calculations; Recognition of the wide use of the Linux computer operating system to run supercomputers using clusters of Quadrics or Myrinet-based interconnects.
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14232137; Studham, Scott 1; Email Address: sceditor@scimag.com; Affiliations: 1: Associate Director for Advanced Computing, Computational Sciences and Mathematics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 21 Issue 9, p12; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Thesaurus Term: HIGH performance computing; Thesaurus Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Implications of Systems Dynamic Models and Control Theory for Environmental Approaches to the Prevention of Alcohol- and Other Drug Use-Related Problems.
AU  - Gorman, D. M.
AU  - Gruenewald, P. J.
AU  - Hanlon, P. J.
AU  - Mezic, Igor
AU  - Waller, Lance A.
AU  - Castillo-Chavez, Carlos
AU  - Bradley, Elizabeth
AU  - Mezic, Jadranka
JO  - Substance Use & Misuse
JF  - Substance Use & Misuse
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 10-12
SP  - 1713
EP  - 1750
SN  - 10826084
N1  - Accession Number: 15123685; Author: Gorman, D. M.: 1 email: gorman@srph.tamushsc.edu.. Author: Gruenewald, P. J.: 2 Author: Hanlon, P. J.: 3 Author: Mezic, Igor: 4 Author: Waller, Lance A.: 5 Author: Castillo-Chavez, Carlos: 6 Author: Bradley, Elizabeth: 7 Author: Mezic, Jadranka: 8 ; Author Affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA.: 2 Prevention Research Center, Berkeley, California, USA.: 3 Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.: 4 Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA.: 5 Department of Bio statistics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.: 6 Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.: 7 Department of Computer Science, Unviersity of Colorado, Boulder, USA.: 8 Alcohol and Drug User Counselor, Santa Barbara, California, USA.; No. of Pages: 38; Language: English; Publication Type: Article; Update Code: 20041122
N2  - The approach described in this article is premised on the idea that drug and alcohol use-related problems are heterogeneously distributed with respect to population and geography, and therefore, are essentially local problems. More specifically, it is argued that viewing a local community as an interacting set of systems that support or buffer the occurrence of specific substance misuse outcomes, opens up to research two important prospects. The first of these involves creating adequate systems models that can capture the primary community structures and relationships that support public health problems such as alcohol and drug misuse and related outcomes. The second entails rationally testing control strategies that have the potential to moderate or reduce these problems. Understanding and controlling complex dynamic systems models nowadays pervades all scientific disciplines, and it is to research in areas such as biology, ecology, engineering, computer sciences, and mathematics that researchers in the field of addictions must turn to in order to better study the complexity that confronts them as they try to understand and prevent problems resulting from alcohol and drug use and misuse. Here we set out what such a systems-based understanding of alcohol- and drug use-related problems will require and discuss its implications for public policy and prevention programming. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR
KW  - *DRINKING of alcoholic beverages
KW  - *DRUG abuse
KW  - *PUBLIC health
KW  - *THERAPEUTICS
KW  - MEDICAL research
KW  - PREVENTION of alcoholism
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Complexity.
KW  - Control theory
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Environmental intervention
KW  - Systems dynamic models
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng Li
AU  - Harkonene, Jaakko
AU  - Wei Chen
AU  - Kierestead, J.
AU  - Luukka, Panja
AU  - Tuominen, Eija
AU  - Tuovinen, Etuovine
AU  - Verbitskaya, Elea
AU  - Eremin, Vladimir
T1  - Radiation Hardness of High Resistivity Magnetic Czochralski Silicon Detectors After Gamma, Neutron, and Proton Radiations.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08/02/Aug2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1902
EP  - 1908
SN  - 00189499
AB  - High resistivity magnetic Czochralski Si detectors were irradiated with 60Co gamma rays, neutrons, and protons to various doses/fluences, along with control float zone Si detectors. 1) It has been found that for gamma radiation, magnetic Czochralski Si detectors behave similarly to the high-temperature, long-time (HTLT) oxygenated float zone Si detectors. There is no space charge sign inversion and there is a buildup of positive space charges. The rate for this buildup is much higher than that for the oxygenated Si detectors and is proportional to the oxygen concentration. 2) For neutron radiation, there is little difference between magnetic Czochralski and control float zone silicon detectors. Space charge sign inversion is observed for both materials. The introduction rate of deep acceptors (beta) for magnetic Czochralski Si detectors is slightly less than that for control float zone Si detectors, and 3) for proton radiation (10 and 20 MeV), although the space charge sign inversion is also observed for magnetic Czochralski Si detectors, the 1-MeV neutron-equivalent space charge sign inversion fluence is about three times higher than that of magnetic Czochralski Si detectors irradiated with neutrons. Also, the acceptor introduction rate beta is about half of that for oxygenated Si detectors. Thus, high resistivity magnetic Czochralski Si behaves in a similar manner to the HTLT oxygenated float zone Si detectors and is even more radiation resistant to damage caused by charged particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - DIODES
KW  - IONIZING radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14280996; Zheng Li 1; Email Address: zhengl@bnl.gov; Harkonene, Jaakko 2; Email Address: Jaakko.haekoenen@cern.ch; Wei Chen 1; Email Address: weichen@bnl.gov; Kierestead, J. 1; Email Address: Kierstead@bnl.gov; Luukka, Panja 2; Email Address: panja.luukka@cern.ch; Tuominen, Eija 2; Email Address: Eija.Tuominen@cern.ch; Tuovinen, Etuovine 2; Email Address: etuovine@cc.hut.fi; Verbitskaya, Elea 3; Email Address: elea.verbitskaya@pop.ioffe.rssi.ru; Eremin, Vladimir 3; Email Address: Vladimir.Eremin@pop.Ioffe.rssi.ru; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 2: Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.; 3: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St, Peterburg, Russia.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1902; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832685
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - JEFF TOLLEFSON, PHOTO BY CLYDE MUELLER AND COURTESY LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY
T1  - WORLD WATCHES AS U.S. WALKS FINE LINE ON NUCLEAR TESTING
JO  - Santa Fe New Mexican
JF  - Santa Fe New Mexican
J1  - Santa Fe New Mexican
PY  - 2004/08/02/
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
PB  - Y
AB  - ; A three-part series [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
N1  - Accession Number: 460145171; Source Information: 08/02/2004, pA-1; Number of Pages: A-1; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - n5h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lederman, Leon
T1  - The pleasure of learning.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/05/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7000
M3  - Article
SP  - 617
EP  - 617
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Examines how a cosmic-ray physics visiting professor from Rome, Italy rekindles the enthusiasm for science in Leon Lederman, a physics researcher at Columbia University in New York City. Ability of Gilberto Bernardini to retain his sense of wonder despite experiencing difficult times during the war; Teachings on the marvel of familiar phenomena; Rediscovering the day-to-day enjoyment of science.
KW  - LEDERMAN, Leon
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SPACE environment
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 14017736; Lederman, Leon 1; Source Information: 8/5/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7000, p617; Subject: LEDERMAN, Leon; Subject: COSMIC rays; Subject: IONIZING radiation; Subject: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject: NUCLEAR physics; Subject: SPACE environment; Subject: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject: SCIENCE; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/430617a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nettles, James H.
AU  - Li, Huilin
AU  - Cornett, Ben
AU  - Krahn, Joseph M.
AU  - Snyder, James P.
AU  - Downing, Kenneth H.
T1  - The Binding Mode of Epothilone A on α,β-Tubulinby Electron Crystallography.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/06/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5685
M3  - Article
SP  - 866
EP  - 869
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The structure of epothilone A, bound to α,β-tubulin in zinc-stabilized sheets, was determined by a combination of electron crystallography at 2.89 angstrom resolution and nuclear magnetic resonance-based conformational analysis. The complex explains both the broad-based epothilone structure-activity relationship and the known mutational resistance profile. Comparison with Taxol shows that the longstanding expectation of a common pharmacophore is not met, because each ligand exploits the tubulin-binding pocket in a unique and independent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - TUBULINS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
N1  - Accession Number: 14155313; Nettles, James H. 1; Li, Huilin 2; Cornett, Ben 3; Krahn, Joseph M. 4; Snyder, James P. 3; Email Address: snyder@euch4e.chem.emory.edu; Downing, Kenneth H. 5; Email Address: khdowning@lbl.gov; Source Information: 8/6/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5685, p866; Subject: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject: MINERALOGY; Subject: TUBULINS; Subject: ELECTRONS; Subject: MATTER -- Constitution; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3597
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Novakov, T.
AU  - Hansen, J.E.
T1  - Black carbon emissions in the United Kingdom during the past four decades: an empirical analysis
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 38
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 4155
EP  - 4163
SN  - 13522310
AB  - We use data from a unique 40-year record of 150 urban and rural stations in the “Black Smoke and SO2 Network” in Great Britain to infer information about sources of atmospheric black carbon (BC). The data show a rapid decline of ambient atmospheric BC between 1962 and the early 1990s that exceeds the decline in official estimates of BC emissions based only on amount of fuel use and mostly fixed emission factors. This provides empirical confirmation of the existence and large impact of a time-dependent “technology factor” that must multiply the rate of fossil fuel use. Current ambient BC amounts in Great Britain comparable to those in western and central Europe, with diesel engines being the principal present source. From comparison of BC and SO2 data we infer that current BC emission inventories understate true emissions in the UK by about a factor of two. The results imply that there is the potential for improved technology to achieve large reduction of global ambient BC. There is a need for comparable monitoring of BC in other countries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Technology
KW  - Black carbon
KW  - Black smoke
KW  - Emission trends
KW  - Sources
KW  - Technology factor
N1  - Accession Number: 13687774; Novakov, T. 1; Email Address: tnovakov@lbl.gov; Hansen, J.E. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS-70-180B, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; 2 : NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 38 Issue 25, p4155; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Smoke; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Black carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Black smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission trends; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technology factor; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.04.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szecsody, J.E.
AU  - Girvin, D.C.
AU  - Devary, B.J.
AU  - Campbell, J.A.
T1  - Sorption and oxic degradation of the explosive CL-20 during transport in subsurface sediments
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 56
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 610
SN  - 00456535
AB  - The abiotic sorption and oxic degradation processes that control the fate of the explosive CL-20, Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, in the subsurface environment were investigated to determine the potential for vadose and groundwater contamination. Sorption of aqueous CL-20 is relatively small (<f>Kd=0.02</f>–3.83 cm3 g-1 for 7 sediments and 12 minerals), which results in only slight retardation relative to water movement. Thus, CL-20 could move quickly through unsaturated and saturated sediments of comparable composition to groundwater, similar to the subsurface behavior of RDX. CL-20 sorption was mainly to mineral surfaces of the sediments, and the resulting isotherm was nonlinear. CL-20 abiotically degrades in oxic environments at slow rates (i.e., 10s to 100s of hours) with a wide variety of minerals, but at fast rates (i.e., minutes) in the presence of 2:1 phyllosilicate clays (hectorite, montmorillonite, nontronite), micas (biotite, illite), and specific oxides (MnO2 and the ferrous-ferric iron oxide magnetite). High concentrations of surface ferrous iron in a dithionite reduced sediment degraded CL-20 the fastest (half-life < 0.05 h), but 2:1 clays containing no structural or adsorbed ferrous iron (hectorite) could also quickly degrade CL-20 (half-life < 0.2 h). CL-20 degradation rates were slower in natural sediments (half-life 3–800 h) compared to minerals. Sediments with slow degradation rates and small sorption would exhibit the highest potential for deep subsurface migration. Products of CL-20 oxic degradation included three high molecular weight compounds and anions (nitrite and formate). The 2–3.5 moles of nitrite produced suggest CL-20 nitro-groups are degraded, and the amount of formate produced (0.2–1.2 moles) suggests the CL-20 cage structure is broken in some sediments. Identification of further degradation products and CL-20 mineralization rates is needed to fully assess the impact of these CL-20 transformation rates on the risk of CL-20 (and degradation product) subsurface movement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Rock-forming minerals
KW  - Oxide minerals
KW  - <f>Kd</f>
KW  - Abiotic degradation
KW  - CL-20
KW  - Explosives
KW  - RDX
KW  - Sorption rate
N1  - Accession Number: 13522555; Szecsody, J.E.; Email Address: jim.szecsody@pnl.gov; Girvin, D.C. 1; Devary, B.J. 1; Campbell, J.A. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Geosciences Department, Battelle, P.O. Box 999, MS K3-61 Richland, WA 99352, USA;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 56 Issue 6, p593; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Subject Term: Rock-forming minerals; Subject Term: Oxide minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>Kd</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abiotic degradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CL-20; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosives; Author-Supplied Keyword: RDX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption rate; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghiorso, Albert
T1  - The Radioactive Boy Scout: The True Story of a Boy and His Backyard Nuclear Reactor (Book).
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 82
IS  - 32
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 36
EP  - 37
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Reviews the book "The Radioactive Boy Scout: The True Story of a Boy and His Backyard Nuclear Reactor," by Ken Silverstein.
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NONFICTION -- Reviews
KW  - SILVERSTEIN, Ken
KW  - RADIOACTIVE Boy Scout: The True Story of a Boy & His Backyard Nuclear Reactor, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14240876; Ghiorso, Albert 1; Affiliations: 1: Nuclear Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, Calif.; Issue Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 82 Issue 32, p36; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NONFICTION -- Reviews; Reviews & Products: RADIOACTIVE Boy Scout: The True Story of a Boy & His Backyard Nuclear Reactor, The (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; People: SILVERSTEIN, Ken; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - On the move.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7001
M3  - Article
SP  - 730
EP  - 730
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Focuses on heterogenous catalysis and the emergence of flexibility and mobility as key features of catalytically active metal surfaces. Models for the interaction of an enzyme with its substrate; Implications of the similarity in the behavior of heterogenous and enzyme catalysts.
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - METALS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
N1  - Accession Number: 14097110; Somorjai, Gabor A. 1; Source Information: 8/12/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7001, p730; Subject: CATALYSIS; Subject: CATALYSTS; Subject: ENZYMES; Subject: METALS; Subject: SURFACE chemistry; Subject: CHEMICAL bonds; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/430730a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haeni, J.H.
AU  - Irvin, P.
AU  - Chang, W.
AU  - Uecker, R.
AU  - Reiche, P.
AU  - Li, Y.L.
AU  - Choudhury, S.
AU  - Tian, W.
AU  - Hawley, M.E.
AU  - Craigo, B.
AU  - Tagantsev, A.K.
AU  - Pan, X.Q.
AU  - Streiffer, S.K.
AU  - Chen, L.Q.
AU  - Kirchoefer, S.W.
AU  - Levy, J.
AU  - Schlom, D.G.
T1  - Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7001
M3  - Article
SP  - 758
EP  - 761
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Systems with a ferroelectric to paraelectric transition in the vicinity of room temperature are useful for devices. Adjusting the ferroelectric transition temperature (Tc) is traditionally accomplished by chemical substitution-as in BaxSr1-xTiO3, the material widely investigated for microwave devices in which the dielectric constant (er) at GHz frequencies is tuned by applying a quasi-static electric field. Heterogeneity associated with chemical substitution in such films, however, can broaden this phase transition by hundreds of degrees, which is detrimental to tunability and microwave device performance. An alternative way to adjust Tc in ferroelectric films is strain. Here we show that epitaxial strain from a newly developed substrate can be harnessed to increase Tc by hundreds of degrees and produce room-temperature ferroelectricity in strontium titanate, a material that is not normally ferroelectric at any temperature. This strain-induced enhancement in Tc is the largest ever reported. Spatially resolved images of the local polarization state reveal a uniformity that far exceeds films tailored by chemical substitution. The high er at room temperature in these films (nearly 7,000 at 10?GHz) and its sharp dependence on electric field are promising for device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC thin films
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 14097087; Haeni, J.H. 1; Irvin, P. 2; Chang, W. 3; Uecker, R. 4; Reiche, P. 4; Li, Y.L. 1; Choudhury, S. 1; Tian, W. 5; Hawley, M.E. 6; Craigo, B. 7; Tagantsev, A.K. 8; Pan, X.Q. 5; Streiffer, S.K. 9; Chen, L.Q. 1; Kirchoefer, S.W. 3; Levy, J. 2; Schlom, D.G. 1; Email Address: schlom@ems.psu.edu; Source Information: 8/12/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7001, p758; Subject: FERROELECTRIC thin films; Subject: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject: TITANATES; Subject: TEMPERATURE; Subject: MICROWAVES; Subject: ELECTRIC fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02773
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Sustainable Hydrogen Production.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/13/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5686
M3  - Article
SP  - 972
EP  - 974
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Identifying and building a sustainable energy system are perhaps two of the most critical issues that today's society must address. Replacing our current energy carrier mix with a sustainable fuel is one of the key pieces in that system. Hydrogen as an energy carrier, primarily derived from water, can address issues of sustainability, environmental emissions, and energy security. Issues relating to hydrogen production pathways are addressed here. Future energy systems require money and energy to build. Given that the United States has a finite supply of both, hard decisions must be made about the path forward, and this path must be followed with a sustained and focused effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - ENERGY minerals
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ENERGY management
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14246263; Turner, John A. 1; Email Address: jturner@nrel.gov; Source Information: 8/13/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5686, p972; Subject: ENERGY consumption; Subject: ENERGY minerals; Subject: POWER resources; Subject: ENERGY management; Subject: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Geographic Terms: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2559
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uchic, Michael D.
AU  - Dimiduk, Dennis M.
AU  - Florando, Jeffrey N.
AU  - Nix, William D.
T1  - Sample Dimensions Influence Strength and Crystal Plasticity.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/13/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5686
M3  - Article
SP  - 986
EP  - 989
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - When a crystal deforms plastically, phenomena such as dislocation storage, multiplication, motion, pinning, and nucleation occur over the submicron-to-nanometer scale. Here we report measurements of plastic yielding for single crystals of micrometer-sized dimensions for three different types of metals. We find that within the tests, the overall sample dimensions artificially limit the length scales available for plastic processes. The results show dramatic size effects at surprisingly large sample dimensions. These results emphasize that at the micrometer scale, one must define both the external geometry and internal structure to characterize the strength of a material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THICKNESS measurement
KW  - MICROMETERS (Instruments)
KW  - METALS
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14246269; Uchic, Michael D. 1; Email Address: michael.uchic@wpafb.af.mil; Dimiduk, Dennis M. 1; Florando, Jeffrey N. 2; Nix, William D. 3; Source Information: 8/13/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5686, p986; Subject: THICKNESS measurement; Subject: MICROMETERS (Instruments); Subject: METALS; Subject: INORGANIC chemistry; Subject: CRYSTALS; Subject: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amyot, M.
AU  - Southworth, G.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
AU  - Hintelmann, H.
AU  - Lalonde, J.D.
AU  - Ogrinc, N.
AU  - Poulain, A.J.
AU  - Sandilands, K.A.
T1  - Formation and evasion of dissolved gaseous mercury in large enclosures amended with 200HgCl2
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 4279
EP  - 4289
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The mercury experiment to assess atmospheric loading in Canada and the United States (METAALICUS) aims at establishing the link between atmospheric deposition of mercury (Hg) and Hg concentrations in fish. As part of this initiative, we conducted an enclosure experiment in Lake 239 (ON, Canada). Our goal was to follow over time dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) concentrations, after the addition of 200HgCl2, to assess post-depositional Hg dynamics. DGM concentrations reached very high levels in surface waters (up to 6 ng l-1) during the days following the spike. This increase in DGM levels coincided with a decrease in total Hg in the enclosure. Photoreduction rates of Hg were high after spiking (1 ng l-1 h-1) and decreased by two orders of magnitude during the summer, with low rates observed in August (0.01 ng l-1 h-1). These low rates may be caused by photobleaching of dissolved organic carbon. Water-to-air Hg fluxes (evasion) were measured with a flux chamber and modelled using DGM; both methods yielded similar fluxes when using time-averaged DGM values. Together, these results indicate that, under certain conditions, large amounts of newly deposited Hg(II) may be converted to DGM by photochemical processes and lost by evasion across the air/water interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Research
KW  - United States
KW  - Enclosures
KW  - Evasion
KW  - METAALICUS
KW  - Photoreduction
N1  - Accession Number: 13795840; Amyot, M. 1; Email Address: m.amyot@umontreal.ca; Southworth, G. 2; Lindberg, S.E. 2; Hintelmann, H. 3; Lalonde, J.D. 4; Ogrinc, N. 5; Poulain, A.J. 1; Sandilands, K.A. 6; Affiliations: 1 : Département des sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Que., Canada H3C 3J7; 2 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 3781-6038, USA; 3 : Department of Chemistry, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ont., Canada K9J 7B8; 4 : Institut national de la recherche scientifique, INRS-Eau, Terre et Environnement, Université du Québec, 2800 Einstein, C.P. 7500, Sainte-Foy, Que., Canada G1V 4C7; 5 : Department of Environmental Sciences, J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; 6 : Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Man., Canada R3T 2N6;  Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 38 Issue 26, p4279; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Subject Term: Research; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enclosures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evasion; Author-Supplied Keyword: METAALICUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoreduction; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buck, E. C.
AU  - McNamara, B. K.
T1  - Precipitation of Nitrate -- Cancrinite in Hanford Tank Sludge.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4432
EP  - 4438
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The chemistry of underground storage tanks containing high-level waste at the Hanford Site in Washington State is an area of continued research interest Thermodynamic models have predicted the formation of analcime and clinoptilolite in Hanford tanks, rather than cancrinite; however, these predictions were based on carbonate-cancrinite. We report the first observation of a nitrate-cancrinite [possibly Na8(K,Cs)(AlSiO4)6(NO3)2·nH2O] extracted from a Hanford tank 241-AP-101 sample that was evaporated to 6, 8, and 10 M NaOH concentrations. The nitrate-cancrinite phase formed spherical aggregates (4 μm in diameter) that consisted of platy hexagonal crystals (&ap;0.2 μm thick). Cesium-137 was concentrated in these aluminosilicate structures. These phases possessed a morphology identical to that of nitrate-cancrinite synthesized using simulant tests of nonradioactive tank waste, supporting the contention that it is possible to develop nonradioactive artificial sludges. This investigation points to the continued importance of understanding the solubility of NO3-cancrinite and related phases. Knowledge of the detailed structure of actual phases in the tank waste helps with thermodynamic modeling of tank conditions and waste processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCRINITE
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - STORAGE tanks
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14238001; Buck, E. C. 1; Email Address: edgar.buck@pnl.gov; McNamara, B. K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P7-27, Richland, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 16, p4432; Subject Term: CANCRINITE; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: STORAGE tanks; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fang, Guowei
AU  - Kuiken, Carla
AU  - Weiser, Barbara
AU  - Rowland-Jones, Sarah
AU  - Plummer, Francis
AU  - Chih-Hsiung Chen
AU  - Kaul, Rupert
AU  - Anzala, Aggrey Omu
AU  - Bwayo, Job
AU  - Kimani, Joshua
AU  - Philpott, Sean M.
AU  - Kitchen, Christina
AU  - Sinsheimer, Janet S.
AU  - Gaschen, Brian
AU  - Lang, Dorothy
AU  - Shi, Binshan
AU  - Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa
AU  - Rostron, Tim
AU  - Brunner, Cheryl
AU  - Beddows, Simon
T1  - Long-Term Survivors in Nairobi: Complete HIV-1 RNA Sequences and Immunogenetic Associations.
JO  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 190
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 697
EP  - 701
SN  - 00221899
AB  - To investigate African long-term survivors (LTSs) infected with non-subtype B human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV- 1), we obtained full-length HIV-1 RNA sequences and immunogenetic profiles from 6 untreated women enrolled in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort in Nairobi, Kenya. There were no discernible sequence changes likely to cause attenuation. CCR2-V641, an immunogenetic polymorphism linked to LTSs, was detected in 4 women, all of whom carried the HLA B58 allele. Further investigation of 99 HIV-I-infected Nairobi women found an association between CCR2-V641 and HLA B58 (P = .0048). Studying the interaction among immunogenetics, immune responses, and viral sequences from all HIV- 1 subtypes may increase our understanding of slow HIV-1 disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Infectious Diseases is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV-positive women
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - IMMUNOGENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14028896; Fang, Guowei 1; Kuiken, Carla 2; Weiser, Barbara 1,3; Rowland-Jones, Sarah 4; Plummer, Francis 5,6; Chih-Hsiung Chen 1; Kaul, Rupert 4; Anzala, Aggrey Omu 6; Bwayo, Job 6; Kimani, Joshua 6; Philpott, Sean M. 1; Kitchen, Christina 7; Sinsheimer, Janet S. 7,8; Gaschen, Brian 2; Lang, Dorothy 2; Shi, Binshan 1; Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa 1; Rostron, Tim 4; Brunner, Cheryl 1; Beddows, Simon 9; Source Information: 8/15/2004, Vol. 190 Issue 4, p697; Subject: HIV-positive women; Subject: HIV infections; Subject: HIV (Viruses); Subject: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject: IMMUNE response; Subject: IMMUNOGENETICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prescher, Jennifer A.
AU  - Dube, Danielle H.
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
T1  - Chemical remodelling of cell surfaces in living animals.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/19/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7002
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
EP  - 877
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Cell surfaces are endowed with biological functionality designed to mediate extracellular communication. The cell-surface repertoire can be expanded to include abiotic functionality through the biosynthetic introduction of unnatural sugars into cellular glycans, a process termed metabolic oligosaccharide engineering. This technique has been exploited in fundamental studies of glycan-dependent cell-cell and virus-cell interactions and also provides an avenue for the chemical remodelling of living cells. Unique chemical functional groups can be delivered to cell-surface glycans by metabolism of the corresponding unnatural precursor sugars. These functional groups can then undergo covalent reaction with exogenous agents bearing complementary functionality. The exquisite chemical selectivity required of this process is supplied by the Staudinger ligation of azides and phosphines, a reaction that has been performed on cultured cells without detriment to their physiology. Here we demonstrate that the Staudinger ligation can be executed in living animals, enabling the chemical modification of cells within their native environment. The ability to tag cell-surface glycans in vivo may enable therapeutic targeting and non-invasive imaging of changes in glycosylation during disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - OLIGOSACCHARIDES
KW  - GLUCOSIDES
KW  - PHOSPHINE
KW  - CELL culture
KW  - ANIMALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14162042; Prescher, Jennifer A. 1; Dube, Danielle H. 1; Bertozzi, Carolyn R. 1,2; Email Address: crb@berkeley.edu; Source Information: 8/19/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7002, p873; Subject: CELL membranes; Subject: OLIGOSACCHARIDES; Subject: GLUCOSIDES; Subject: PHOSPHINE; Subject: CELL culture; Subject: ANIMALS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02791
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Changwook
AU  - BumSoo Hong
AU  - Jung Min Choi
AU  - Yugene Kim
AU  - Watanabe, Saori
AU  - Ishimi, Yukio
AU  - Enomoto, Takemi
AU  - Tada, Shusuke
AU  - Youngchang Kim
AU  - Yunje Cho
T1  - Structural basis for inhibition of the replication licensing factor Cdt1 by geminin.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/19/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7002
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
EP  - 917
SN  - 00280836
AB  - To maintain chromosome stability in eukaryotic cells, replication origins must be licensed by loading mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM2-7) complexes once and only once per cell cycle. This licensing control is achieved through the activities of geminin and cyclin-dependent kinases. Geminin binds tightly to Cdt1, an essential component of the replication licensing system, and prevents the inappropriate reinitiation of replication on an already fired origin. The inhibitory effect of geminin is thought to prevent the interaction between Cdt1 and the MCM helicase. Here we describe the crystal structure of the mouse geminin-Cdt1 complex using tGeminin (residues 79-157, truncated geminin) and tCdt1 (residues 172-368, truncated Cdt1). The amino-terminal region of a coiled-coil dimer of tGeminin interacts with both N-terminal and carboxy-terminal parts of tCdt1. The primary interface relies on the steric complementarity between the tGeminin dimer and the hydrophobic face of the two short N-terminal helices of tCdt1 and, in particular, Pro 181, Ala 182, Tyr 183, Phe 186 and Leu 189. The crystal structure, in conjunction with our biochemical data, indicates that the N-terminal region of tGeminin might be required to anchor tCdt1, and the C-terminal region of tGeminin prevents access of the MCM complex to tCdt1 through steric hindrance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - EUKARYOTIC cells
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - CYCLIN-dependent kinases
N1  - Accession Number: 14162036; Lee, Changwook 1; BumSoo Hong 1; Jung Min Choi 1; Yugene Kim 1; Watanabe, Saori 2; Ishimi, Yukio 3; Enomoto, Takemi 2; Tada, Shusuke 2; Youngchang Kim 4; Yunje Cho 1; Email Address: yunje@postech.ac.kr; Source Information: 8/19/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7002, p913; Subject: CHROMOSOMES; Subject: EUKARYOTIC cells; Subject: PROTEIN kinases; Subject: CELL cycle; Subject: GENETICS; Subject: CYCLIN-dependent kinases; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02813
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanagud, T.
AU  - Luplen, C.
AU  - Kohsaka, Y.
AU  - Lee, D.-H.
AU  - Azuma, M.
AU  - Takano, M.
AU  - Takagl, H.
AU  - Davis, J. C.
T1  - A ‘checkerboard’ electronic crystal state in lightly hole-doped Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/26/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7003
M3  - Article
SP  - 1001
EP  - 1005
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The phase diagram of hole-doped copper oxides shows four different electronic phases existing at zero temperature. Familiar among these are the Mott insulator, high-transition-temperature superconductor and metallic phases. A fourth phase, of unknown identity, occurs at light doping along the zero-temperature bound of the ‘pseudogap’ regime. This regime is rich in peculiar electronic phenomena, prompting numerous proposals that it contains some form of hidden electronic order. Here we present low-temperature electronic structure imaging studies of a lightly hole-doped copper oxide: Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2. Tunnelling spectroscopy (at energies |E| > 100?meV) reveals electron extraction probabilities greatly exceeding those for injection, as anticipated for a doped Mott insulator. However, for |E| < 100?meV, the spectrum exhibits a V-shaped energy gap centred on E = 0. States within this gap undergo intense spatial modulations, with the spatial correlations of a four CuO2-unit-cell square ‘checkerboard’, independent of energy. Intricate atomic-scale electronic structure variations also exist within the checkerboard. These data are consistent with an unanticipated crystalline electronic state, possibly the hidden electronic order, existing in the zero-temperature pseudogap regime of Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - COPPER
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14262453; Hanagud, T. 1,2; Luplen, C. 3; Kohsaka, Y. 4; Lee, D.-H. 5,6; Azuma, M. 2,7; Takano, M. 7; Takagl, H. 1,2,4; Davis, J. C. 3; Source Information: 8/26/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7003, p1001; Subject: PHASE diagrams; Subject: COPPER; Subject: OXIDES; Subject: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02861
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Li, Zhanqing
AU  - Wiscombe, Warren
AU  - Stephens, Craeme L.
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/27/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5688
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1240
EP  - 1240
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about atmospheric radiation models.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14449255; Li, Zhanqing 1; Wiscombe, Warren 2; Stephens, Craeme L. 3; Ackerman, Thomas P. 4; Source Information: 8/27/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5688, p1240; Subject: LETTERS to the editor; Subject: ATMOSPHERIC radiation; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 359
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Law, Matt
AU  - Sirbuly, Donald J.
AU  - Johnson, Justin C.
AU  - Goldberger, Josh
AU  - Saykally, Richard J.
AU  - Yang, Peidong
T1  - Nanoribbon Waveguides for Subwavelength Photonics Integration.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/27/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5688
M3  - Article
SP  - 1269
EP  - 1273
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Although the electrical integration of chemically synthesized nanowires has been achieved with lithography, optical integration, which promises high speeds and greater device versatility, remains unexplored. We describe the properties and functions of individual crystalline oxide nanoribbons that act as subwavelength optical waveguides and assess their applicability as nanoscale photonic elements. The length, flexibility, and strength of these structures enable their manipulation on surfaces, including the optical linking of nanoribbon waveguides and other nanowire elements to form networks and device components. We demonstrate the assembly of ribbon waveguides with nanowire light sources and detectors as a first step toward building nanowire photonic circuitry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14449273; Law, Matt 1,2; Sirbuly, Donald J. 1,2; Johnson, Justin C. 1; Goldberger, Josh 1; Saykally, Richard J. 1; Yang, Peidong 1,2; Email Address: p_yang@uclink.berkeley.edu; Source Information: 8/27/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5688, p1269; Subject: NANOWIRES; Subject: ELECTRIC wire; Subject: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject: PHOTONICS; Subject: WAVEGUIDES; Subject: ELECTRIC waves; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3602
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, Timothy A.
AU  - Gilbert, John R.
AU  - Larimore, Stefan I.
AU  - Ng, Esmond G.
T1  - A Column Approximate Minimum Degree Ordering Algorithm.
JO  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
JF  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 376
SN  - 00983500
AB  - This article discusses column approximate minimum degree ordering algorithm. Sparse Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting computes the factorization PAQ = LU for the sparse nonsymmetric matrix A, where P and Q are permutation matrices, L is a lower triangular matrix, and U is an upper triangular matrix. Researchers have shown that sparse partial pivoting can be implemented in time proportional to the number of floating point operations required. The method is used by the sparse matrix package, SuperLU, and was the first method for sparse LU factorization in MATLAB. The goal is to compute a sparsity-preserving permutation Q solely from the pattern of A that limits the worst-case number of nonzeros in the LU factorization PAQ = LU. The fill-in also depends on P, but Q is selected to reduce an upper bound on the fill-in for any subsequent choice of P. Throughout this article, and in the algorithms, researchers assume that exact numerical cancellations do not occur.
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
KW  - COMBINATORIAL analysis
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 14856388; Davis, Timothy A. 1; Gilbert, John R. 2; Larimore, Stefan I. 3; Ng, Esmond G. 4; Affiliations: 1: University of Florida; 2: University of California, Santa Barbara; 3: Microsoft, Inc.; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p353; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, Timothy A.
AU  - Gilbert, John R.
AU  - Larimore, Stefan I.
AU  - Ng, Esmond G.
T1  - Algorithm 836: COLAMD, A Column Approximate Minimum Degree Ordering Algorithm.
JO  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
JF  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 380
SN  - 00983500
AB  - This article discusses Algorithm 836: COLAMD, a column approximate minimum degree ordering algorithm. Sparse partial pivoting methods compute the factorization PAQ = LU by first finding a column ordering Q. The column ordering Q is selected without regard to the numerical values. The row permutation P is found via standard partial pivoting, without regard to sparsity. The goal is to find Q to limit the worst-case fill-in, regardless of how P is subsequently chosen. COLAMD computes a column ordering Q, given the nonzero pattern of the sparse m-by-n matrix A. It is based on an approximate minimum degree method. The code can be used in two contexts: as a MATLAB mexFunction, and as a C-callable routine. There is an optional input argument that modifies how COLAMD treats matrices having rows and columns with many nonzero entries, and an optional output argument that gives statistics on the ordering. The MATLAB COLAMD function first calls the colaind.c code via the colamdmex.c routine, and then computes a column elimination tree post-ordering, via MATLAB's built-in coletree function.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - COMBINATORIAL analysis
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 14856389; Davis, Timothy A. 1; Gilbert, John R. 2; Larimore, Stefan I. 3; Ng, Esmond G. 4; Affiliations: 1: University of Florida; 2: University of California, Santa Barbara; 3: Microsoft, Inc.; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p377; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Fidler, Markus
AU  - Roy, Alain
AU  - Sander, Volker
AU  - Winkler, Linda
T1  - End-to-end quality of service for high-end applications
JO  - Computer Communications
JF  - Computer Communications
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 27
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1375
EP  - 1388
SN  - 01403664
AB  - High-end networked applications such as distance visualization, distributed data analysis, and advanced collaborative environments have demanding quality of service (QoS) requirements. Particular challenges include concurrent flows with different QoS specifications, high-bandwidth flows, application-level monitoring and control, and end-to-end QoS across networks and other devices. We describe a QoS architecture and implementation that together help to address these challenges. The General-purpose Architecture for Reservation and Allocation (GARA) supports flow-specific QoS specification, immediate and advance reservation, and online monitoring and control of both individual resources and heterogeneous resource ensembles. Mechanisms provided by the Globus Toolkit are used to address resource discovery and security issues when resources span multiple administrative domains. Our prototype GARA implementation builds on differentiated services mechanisms to enable the coordinated management of two distinct flow types—foreground media flows and background bulk transfers—as well as the co-reservation of networks, CPUs, and storage systems. We present results obtained on a wide area differentiated services testbed that demonstrate our ability to deliver QoS for realistic flows. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - QUALITY of service
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - Application programmer interfaces
KW  - General-purpose Architecture for Reservation and Allocation (GARA)
KW  - High-end applications
KW  - Quality of service
N1  - Accession Number: 13471408; Foster, Ian 1,2; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov; Fidler, Markus 3; Roy, Alain 4; Sander, Volker 5; Winkler, Linda 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 2: Department of Computer Science, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; 3: Department of Computer Science, Aachen University, 52064 Aachen, Germany; 4: Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; 5: Central Institute for Applied Mathematics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 27 Issue 14, p1375; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: QUALITY of service; Thesaurus Term: BANDWIDTHS; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Application programmer interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: General-purpose Architecture for Reservation and Allocation (GARA); Author-Supplied Keyword: High-end applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quality of service; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.comcom.2004.02.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13471408&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Schultz, E. Eugene
T1  - The case for one-time credentials.
JO  - Computers & Security
JF  - Computers & Security
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 441
EP  - 442
SN  - 01674048
AB  - This article focuses on the use of one-time authentication credentials. Majority of information security professionals now realize that conventional passwords, regardless of whether they are encrypted as they are sent over the network, are so prone to compromise that they need to be abandoned in favor of stronger authentication methods. Conventional passwords are reusable, meaning that if an attacker captures them, the attacker can enter them at leisure to gain unauthorized access. The problem is by no means limited to passwords, however. Any static authentication credential is subject to the same basic problem. One of the best directions at this point in time is the use of one-time authentication credentials. One-time passwords provide a good case in point. In S/KEY, one of the most "tried and true" one-time password systems, users are given a list of passwords to be exact, multiple passwords. One particular set of passwords must be entered during each Login attempt. S/KEY is, however, hopelessly archaic. New versions of this tool some of which are incredibly user friendly, have emerged.
KW  - COMPUTER network security
KW  - PASSWORDS (Computers)
KW  - INFORMATION services
KW  - PROFESSIONAL employees
KW  - KEYSTROKE timing authentication
KW  - TOOLS
N1  - Accession Number: 14846698; Schultz, E. Eugene 1; Email Address: eeugeneschultz2@aol.com; Affiliations: 1: Principal Computer Engineer, University of California-Berkeley Lab.; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 23 Issue 6, p441; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER network security; Thesaurus Term: PASSWORDS (Computers); Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION services; Thesaurus Term: PROFESSIONAL employees; Subject Term: KEYSTROKE timing authentication; Subject Term: TOOLS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541420 Industrial Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444130 Hardware Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333991 Power-Driven Handtool Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332210 Cutlery and hand tool manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332216 Saw Blade and Handtool Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.cose.2004.08.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14846698&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van de Sompel, Herbert
AU  - Payette, Sandy
AU  - Erickson, John
AU  - Lagoze, Carl
AU  - Warner, Simeon
T1  - Rethinking Scholarly Communication: Building the System that Scholars Deserve.
JO  - D-Lib Magazine
JF  - D-Lib Magazine
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10829873
AB  - The article considers the changing nature of scholarly research, the demands these changes place on the scholarly communication system, and the technical proposals to meet these demands. The manner in which scholarly research is conducted is changing rapidly. Improvements in computing and network technologies, digital data capture techniques, and powerful data mining techniques enable research practices that are highly collaborative, network-based, and data-intensive. These dramatic changes in the nature of scholarly research require corresponding fundamental changes in scholarly communication.
KW  - ACADEMIC discourse
KW  - ONLINE data processing
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - KNOWLEDGE management
KW  - COMMUNICATION in learning & scholarship
KW  - OLAP technology
N1  - Accession Number: 16068101; Van de Sompel, Herbert 1; Email Address: herbertv@lanl.gov; Payette, Sandy 2; Email Address: payette@cs.cornell.edu; Erickson, John 3; Email Address: john.erickson@hp.com; Lagoze, Carl 2; Email Address: lagoze@cscornell.edu; Warner, Simeon 2; Email Address: simeon@cs.cornell.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Research Library.; 2 : Cornell University, Computing and Information Science.; 3 : Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Digital Media Systems Lab.;  Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p1; Thesaurus Term: ACADEMIC discourse; Thesaurus Term: ONLINE data processing; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION resources management; Thesaurus Term: KNOWLEDGE management; Subject Term: COMMUNICATION in learning & scholarship; Subject Term: OLAP technology; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, Michal
AD  - National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO
T1  - The Role of Renewable Energy in the Transition to a Sustainable Energy Future
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 2004///Fall
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SP  - 160
EP  - 172
SN  - 08434379
N1  - Accession Number: 0922827; Keywords: Energy; Geographic Descriptors: N. America; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200708
KW  - Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices          Q41
KW  - Alternative Energy Sources          Q42
L3  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0922827&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/esr/all_issues.html
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, Rebecca A.
AU  - Nicolette, Joseph P.
AU  - Suter, Glenn W.
T1  - A Framework for Net Environmental Benefit Analysis for Remediation or Restoration of Contaminated Sites.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
EP  - 331
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Net environmental benefits are gains in value of environmental services or other ecological properties attained by remediation or ecological restoration minus the value of adverse environmental effects caused by those actions. Net environmental benefit analysis (NEBA) is a methodology for comparing and ranking net environmental benefits associated with multiple management alternatives. A NEBA for chemically contaminated sites typically involves comparison of several management alternatives: (1) leaving contamination in place; (2) physically, chemically, or biologically remediating the site through traditional means; (3) improving ecological value through onsite and offsite restoration alternatives that do not directly focus on removal of chemical contamination; or (4) a combination of those alternatives. NEBA involves activities that are common to remedial alternatives analysis for state regulations and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, post-closure and corrective action permits under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, evaluation of generic types of response actions pertinent to the Oil Pollution Act, and land management actions that are negotiated with regulatory agencies in flexible regulatory environments (i.e., valuing environmental services or other ecological properties, assessing adverse impacts, and evaluating remediation or restoration options). This article presents a high-level framework for NEBA at contaminated sites with subframeworks for natural attenuation (the contaminated reference state), remediation, and ecological restoration alternatives. Primary information gaps related to NEBA include nonmonetary valuation methods, exposure-response models for all stressors, the temporal dynamics of ecological recovery, and optimal strategies for ecological restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Restoration ecology
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Conservation of natural resources
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Land use
KW  - State governments
KW  - Ecological restoration
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Key Words:NEBA
KW  - NEBA
KW  - Net environmental benefit analysis
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Remediation
N1  - Accession Number: 15398358; Efroymson, Rebecca A. 1; Email Address: EfroymsonRA@ornl.gov; Nicolette, Joseph P. 2; Suter, Glenn W. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA; 2 : CH2M HILL, Atlanta, Georgia 30346-1278, USA; 3 : National Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA;  Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p315; Thesaurus Term: Restoration ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Conservation of natural resources; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Land use; Subject Term: State governments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological restoration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Key Words:NEBA; Author-Supplied Keyword: NEBA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Net environmental benefit analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Petroleum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remediation; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-004-0089-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=15398358&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szecsody, Jim E.
AU  - Fruchter, Jonathan S.
AU  - Williams, Mark D.
AU  - Vermeul, Vince R.
AU  - Sklarew, Debbie
T1  - In Situ Chemical Reduction of Aquifer Sediments: Enhancement of Reactive Iron Phases and TCE Dechlorination.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4656
EP  - 4663
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - In situ chemical reduction of aquifer sediments is currently being used for chromate and TCE remediation by forming a permeable reactive barrier. The chemical and physical processes that occur during abiotic reduction of natural sediments during flow by sodium dithionite were investigated. In different aquifer sediments, 10-22% of amorphous and crystalline FeIII-oxides were dissolved/reduced, which produced primarily adsorbed FeII and some siderite. Sediment oxidation showed predominantly one FeII phase, with a second phase being oxidized more slowly. The sediment reduction rate (3.3 h batch half-life) was chemically controlled (58 kJ mol-1), with some additional diffusion control during reduction in sediment columns (8.0 h half- life). It was necessary to maintain neutral to high pH to maintain reduction efficiency and prevent iron mobilization, as reduction generated H+. Sequential extractions on reduced sediment showed that adsorbed ferrous iron controlled TCE reactivity. The mass and rate of field-scale reduction of aquifer sediments were generally predicted with laboratory data using a single reduction reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - CHLORINATION
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - IRON
N1  - Accession Number: 14430750; Szecsody, Jim E. 1; Email Address: jim.szecsody@pnl.gov; Fruchter, Jonathan S. 1; Williams, Mark D. 1; Vermeul, Vince R. 1; Sklarew, Debbie 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Rich land, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 17, p4656; Thesaurus Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: CHLORINATION; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: IRON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - James, Mary
T1  - Remodeling a Business.
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 44
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Features Hughesco Incorporated President Darin Hughes and reveals his home performance principles.  Career background of Hughes; Functions of Hughesco auditors; Requirements of the one-stop approach to selling home performance jobs; Working philosophy of Hughes.  INSET: A Warmer, Tighter House.
KW  - Corporate presidents
KW  - Domestic architecture -- Design & construction
KW  - Dwellings
KW  - Hughesco Inc.
KW  - Hughes, Darin
N1  - Accession Number: 14383466; James, Mary 1,2; Affiliations: 1 : Research Architect, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2 : Research Engineer, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p42; Subject Term: Corporate presidents; Subject Term: Domestic architecture -- Design & construction; Subject Term: Dwellings; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pak Chung Wong
AU  - Thomas, Jim
T1  - Visual Analytics.
JO  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
JF  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
J1  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
PY  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 21
SN  - 02721716
AB  - Visual analytics, a contemporary and proven approach to combine the art of human intuition and the science of mathematical deduction to directly perceive patterns and derive knowledge and insight from them. Visual analytics is the formation of abstract visual metaphors in combination with a human information discourse that enables detection of the expected and discovery of the unexpected within massive, dynamically changing information spaces. These suites of technologies apply to almost all fields but are being driven by critical needs in biology and national security. Visual analytics is an outgrowth of the fields of scientific and information visualization but includes technologies from many other fields, including knowledge management, statistical analysis, cognitive science, decision science, and many more. The processes and goals of analysis dominate the approach, but it's enabled by the wide-band visual interface to the brain and a dynamic interaction style of communication and discourse. A few example core technologies help to illustrate the emerging directions within visual analytics.
KW  - INTUITION (Psychology)
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - VISUAL perception
KW  - COMPUTER graphics
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - MANAGEMENT science
N1  - Accession Number: 14407810; Source Information: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p20; Subject Term: INTUITION (Psychology); Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Subject Term: VISUAL perception; Subject Term: COMPUTER graphics; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: MANAGEMENT science; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hetzler, Elizabeth
AU  - Turner, Alan
T1  - Analysis Experiences Using Information Visualization.
JO  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
JF  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
J1  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
PY  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 26
SN  - 02721716
AB  - Information visualization has been defined as the use of computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of abstract data to amplify cognition. Many intriguing visualizations help deal with the data overload problem. Examples include visual tools based on similarity, relevance, explicit entity relationships, patterns in citations, and patterns in metadata. The literature describing creative visual approaches and prototype implementations is large and growing. However, little has been published on usage experiences with such tools. The In-Spire visualization tool based on the previous Spire system uses statistical word patterns to characterize documents based on their text content. Among its tools are two visualizations that show document themes, similarities, and differences: document-centric Galaxy uses a dot plot metaphor, and collection-centric ThemeView uses a landscape metaphor. People targeted several additional In-Spire analytic features explicitly at the user community. Their goal in developing In-Spire was to provide a data visualization tool that let users deal with many documents, reducing the amount of time spent crafting queries and the chance of eliminating useful material before the user can see it. It also needed capabilities that let users understand a collection of material at an overview level first, instead of launching immediately into reading individual documents. The tool needed to support analytic demands for both convergent focusing on a particular set of information, relationships, or thesis in depth and divergent seeking alternative explanations and remaining open to other potentially interesting information or relationships understanding methods.
KW  - INFORMATION visualization
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - METADATABASES
KW  - COMPUTER graphics
KW  - ENGINEERING graphics
N1  - Accession Number: 14407811; Source Information: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p22; Subject Term: INFORMATION visualization; Subject Term: INFORMATION science; Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Subject Term: METADATABASES; Subject Term: COMPUTER graphics; Subject Term: ENGINEERING graphics; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 5p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - James, Conrad D.
AU  - Spence, Andrew J. H.
AU  - Dowell-Mesfin, Natalie M.
AU  - Hussain, Rifat J.
AU  - Smith, Karen L.
AU  - Craighead, Harold G.
AU  - Isaacson, Michael S.
AU  - Sham, William
AU  - Turner, James N.
T1  - Extracellular Recording s From Patterned Neuronal Networks Using Planar Microelectrode Arrays.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
PY  - 2004/09//
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 51
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1640
EP  - 1648
SN  - 00189294
AB  - Neuronal cell networks have been reconstructed on planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) from dissociated hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Microcontact printing (μCP) and a photoresist-liftoff method were used to selectively localize poly-L-lysine (PLL) on the surface of MEAs. Haptotaxis led to the organization of the neurons into networks localized adjacent to microelectrodes. Various grids of PLL with 2-25-μm-wide lines spaced by 50-200 μm with 15-25-μm nodes at intersection points were used to guide cell body attachment and neurite outgrowth. Bursting activity with spike amplitude attenuation was observed, and multichannel recordings detected instances of coincident firing activity. Finally, we present here an extracellular recording from a ∼2 μm bundle of guided neurites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CENTRAL nervous system
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - NEUROSCIENCES
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - NEURAL networks (Neurobiology)
KW  - NEUROBIOLOGY
KW  - NEURAL circuitry
N1  - Accession Number: 14268283; Source Information: Sep2004, Vol. 51 Issue 9, p1640; Subject Term: CENTRAL nervous system; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: NEUROSCIENCES; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Neurobiology); Subject Term: NEUROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: NEURAL circuitry; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TBME.2004.827252
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14268283&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carreras, Benjamin A.
AU  - Newman, David E.
AU  - Dobson, Ian
AU  - Poole, A. Bruce
T1  - Evidence for Self-Organized Criticality in a Time Series of Electric Power System Blackouts.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers
PY  - 2004/09//
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 51
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1733
EP  - 1740
SN  - 15498328
AB  - We analyze a 15-year time series of North American electric power transmission system blackouts for evidence of self-organized criticality (SOC). The probability distribution functions of various measures of blackout size have a power tail and rescaled range analysis of the time series shows moderate long-time correlations. Moreover, the same analysis applied to a time series from a sandpile model known to be self-organized critical gives results of the same form. Thus, the blackout data seem consistent with SOC. A qualitative explanation of the complex dynamics observed in electric power system blackouts is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - ELECTRIC power failures
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - ELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 18055473; Source Information: Sep2004, Vol. 51 Issue 9, p1733; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power failures; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 8p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TCSI.2004.834513
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=18055473&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinyi Qi
AU  - Huesman, Ronald H.
T1  - Propagation of Errors From the Sensitivity Image in List Mode Reconstruction.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
PY  - 2004/09//
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1094
EP  - 1099
SN  - 02780062
AB  - List mode image reconstruction is attracting renewed attention. It eliminates the storage of empty sinogram bins. Howe ever, a single back projection of all LORs is still necessary for the pre-calculation of a sensitivity image. Since the detection sensitivity is dependent on the object attenuation and detector efficiency, it must be computed for each study. Exact computation of the sensitivity image can be a daunting task for modern scanners with huge numbers of LORs. Thus, some fast approximate calculation may be desirable. In this paper, we analyze the error propagation from the sensitivity image into the reconstructed image. The theoretical analysis is based on the fixed point condition of the list mode reconstruction. The nonnegativity constraint is modeled using the Kuhn-Tucker condition. With certain assumptions and the first order Taylor series approximation, we derive a closed form expression for the error in the reconstructed image as a function of the error in the sensitivity image. The result shows that the error response is frequency-dependent and provides a simple expression for determining the required accuracy of the sensitivity image calculation. Computer simulations show that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the measured results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - POISSON processes
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 14387105; Source Information: Sep2004, Vol. 23 Issue 9, p1094; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: POISSON processes; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 6p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMI.2004.829333
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenyon, Garrett T.
AU  - Travis, Bryan J.
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - George, John S.
AU  - Stephens, Gregory J.
AU  - Marshak, David W.
T1  - Stimulus-Specific Oscillations in a Retinal Model.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
PY  - 2004/09//
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
EP  - 1091
SN  - 10459227
AB  - High-frequency oscillatory potentials (HFOPs) in the vertebrate retina are stimulus specific. The phases of HFOPs recorded at any given retinal location drift randomly over time, but regions activated by the same stimulus tend to remain phase locked with approximately zero lag, whereas regions activated by spatially separate stimuli are typically uncorrelated. Based on retinal anatomy, we previously postulated that HFOPs are mediated by feedback from a class of axon-bearing amacrine cells that receive excitation from neighboring ganglion cells-via gap junctions-and make inhibitory synapses back onto the surrounding ganglion cells. Using a computer model, we show here that such circuitry can account for the stimulus specificity of HFOPs in response to both highand low-contrast features. Phase locking between pairs of model ganglion cells did not depend critically on their separation distance, but on whether the applied stimulus created a continuous path between them. The degree of phase locking between spatially separate stimuli was reduced by lateral inhibition, which created a buffer zone around strongly activated regions. Stimulating the inhibited region between spatially separate stimuli increased their degree of phase locking proportionately. Our results suggest several experimental strategies for testing the hypothesis that stimulus-specific HFOPs arise from axon-mediated feedback in the inner retina. Index Terms-Gamma oscillations, phase locking, synchrony, temporal code segmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - CODING theory
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 14517645; Source Information: Sep2004, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p1083; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: CODING theory; Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; Subject Term: INFORMATION theory; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TNN.2004.832722
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Basso, Thomas S.
AU  - DeBlasio, Richard
T1  - IEEE 1547 Series of Standards: Interconnection Issues.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
PY  - 2004/09//
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1159
EP  - 1162
SN  - 08858993
AB  - IEEE 1547 2003 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources With Electric Power Systems is the first in the 1547 series of planned interconnection standards. Major issues and a wealth of constructive dialogue arose during 1547 development. There was also a perceived increased vitality in up dating complementary IEEE standards and developing additional standards to accommodate modern electrical and electronics systems and improved grid communications and operations. Power engineers and other stakeholders looking to the future are poised to incorporate 1547 into their knowledge base to help transform our nation's aging distribution systems while alleviating some of the burden on existing transmission systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - STAKEHOLDERS
KW  - ENERGY industries
N1  - Accession Number: 14426141; Source Information: Sep2004, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1159; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: STAKEHOLDERS; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 4p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2004.834000
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazumder, Sudip K.
AU  - Acharya, Kaustuva
AU  - Haynes, Comas Lamar
AU  - Williams, Robert
AU  - Jr.
AU  - von Spakovsky, Michael R.
AU  - Nelson, Douglas J.
AU  - Rancruel, Diego F.
AU  - Hartvigsen, Joseph
AU  - Gemmen, Randy S.
T1  - Solid-Oxide-Fuel-Cell Performance and Durability: Resolution of the Effects of Power-Conditioning Systems and Application Loads.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
PY  - 2004/09//
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1263
EP  - 1278
SN  - 08858993
AB  - We describe methodologies for comprehensive and reduced-order modeling of solid-oxide-fuel-cell (SOFC) power-conditioning system (PCS) at the subsystem/component and system levels to resolve the interactions among SOFC, balance-of-plant subsystem, and power-electronics subsystem (PES) and application loads (ALs). Using these models, we analyze the impacts of electrical-feedback effects (e.g., ripple-current dynamics and load transients) on the performance and reliability of the SOFC. Subsequently, we investigate the effects of harmonics in the current, drawn from the SOFC by a PES, on the temperature and fuel utilization of the SOFC. We explore the impacts of inverter space-vector modulation strategies on the transient response, flow parameters, and current density of the SOFC during load transients and demonstrate how these two traditionally known superior modulation/control methodologies may in fact have a negative effect on the performance and durability of the SOFC unless carefully implemented. Further, we resolve the impacts of the current drawn by the PES from the SOFC, on its microcrack density and electrode/electrolyte degradation. The comprehensive analytical models and interaction-analysis methodologies and the results provided in this paper lead to an improved understanding, and may yield realizations of cost-effective, reliable, and optimal PESs, in particular, and SOFC PCSs, in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - POWER electronics
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - PERFORMANCE
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14426154; Source Information: Sep2004, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1263; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: PERFORMANCE; Subject Term: COST effectiveness; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 16p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2004.833992
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Zenghe
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - TECH HIGHLIGHTS.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 20
SN  - 10648208
AB  - This article reports on several developments related to the electrochemical technology. Zinc selenide, a semiconductor material with a direct optical transition and a high band-gap value, has potential applications in optoelectronic devices such as light emitting diodes and solar cells. Tolerance to small amounts of CO is important for proton exchange membrane fuel cells operating on hydrogen obtained from reforming of carbon-based fuels. Researchers at Fuel Cell Energy Inc. and the University of Connecticut recently reported two approaches to enhancing the CO tolerance of Pt catalysts.
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ZINC
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR diodes
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - FUELCELL Energy Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 14406441; Liu, Zenghe; Srinivasan, Venkat 1; Kelly, Mike 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories.; Issue Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p20; Thesaurus Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR diodes; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY ; Company/Entity: FUELCELL Energy Inc. Ticker: FCEL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, J. A.
T1  - Electrochemistry and the Hydrogen Economy.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 23
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Hydrogen is a hot topic in the society today. Issues relating to hydrogen run the gauntlet from energy economics, and the environment to foreign and domestic policy. Hydrogen can provide the energy storage for intermittent renewables like photovoltaics and wind, as well as be utilized as a transportation fuel. Hydrogen also may provide the link between the fossil energy we use today and the renewable energy people will use tomorrow. Fuel cell vehicles represent a holy grail of a clean, zero-emission transportation system. However, storing hydrogen on-board these vehicles presents a significant challenge.
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - FUEL
KW  - ELECTRIC power production from chemical action
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - FOSSILS
N1  - Accession Number: 14406442; Turner, J. A. 1; Email Address: jturner@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1: Principal Scientist for Electric & Hydrogen Technologies & Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory.; Issue Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p23; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY policy; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production from chemical action; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: FOSSILS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, John A.
AU  - Williams, Mark C.
AU  - Rajeshwar, Krishnan
T1  - Hydrogen Economy based on Renewable Energy Sources.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 30
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Petroleum supplies will be in increasingly higher demand as heavily populated developing countries expand their economies and become more energy intensive. Air quality and global climate impact are other major concerns with this continuing dependence on fossil energy sources. A hydrogen-powered energy economy would be largely immune to uncertainties associated with petroleum supply from politically unstable regions of the world. The hydrogen can be produced from diverse, domestic resources using a combination of electricity generated from fossil, renewable, or nuclear sources.
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - NATURAL gas
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - PETROLEUM
KW  - ELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14406443; Turner, John A. 1; Williams, Mark C. 2; Email Address: williams@netl.doe.gov; Rajeshwar, Krishnan 3; Email Address: rajeshwar@uta.edu; Affiliations: 1: Principal Scientist for Electric and Hydrogen Technologies and Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory.; 2: Technology Manager, U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory.; 3: Distinguished University Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Associate Dean, University of Texas, Arlington.; Issue Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p24; Thesaurus Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: NATURAL gas; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: PETROLEUM; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sandi, Giselle
T1  - Hydrogen Storage and Its Limitations.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 40
EP  - 45
SN  - 10648208
AB  - This article discusses the hydrogen storage and its limitations. Hydrogen storage is a crucial step for providing a ready supply of hydrogen fuel to an end use, such as a car, as it is considered by many to be the most technically challenging aspect of achieving a hydrogen-based economy. Hydrogen storage systems used for such stationary applications as residential heating and air-conditioning, neighborhood electrical generation, and many industrial applications can occupy a large area, employ multistep chemical charging/recharging cycles that operate at high temperature and pressure, and compensate for slow kinetics with extra capacity.
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ELECTRIC power production from chemical action
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14406445; Sandi, Giselle 1; Email Address: gsandi@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Member of Chemical Transformations Mechanisms Group, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p40; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production from chemical action; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, Sujit
AU  - Tonn, Bruce E.
AU  - Peretz, Jean H.
T1  - Benefit-cost analysis of Automotive Lightweighting Material projects.
JO  - International Journal of Energy Technology & Policy
JF  - International Journal of Energy Technology & Policy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 14728923
AB  - This article presents benefit-cost analyses for three R&D projects funded by the Automotive Lightweighting Materials Program of the U.S. Department of Energy: design and product optimization for cast light metals; durability of lightweight composite structures; and rapid tooling for functional prototyping of metal mould processes. Costs include total project costs and estimates of industry costs to commercialize the new technologies. Benefit-cost ratios were estimated under three sets of assumptions. The ratios were substantial in all cases. The results suggest that collaborative efforts between government and industry in the area have tremendous potential.
KW  - Manufacturing processes
KW  - Lightweight construction
KW  - Cost accounting
KW  - Pilot projects
KW  - Industrial costs
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15743471; Das, Sujit 1; Email Address: dass@ornl.gov; Tonn, Bruce E. 1; Peretz, Jean H. 2; Email Address: speretz@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Room I-05, Knoxville, TN 37932-6472, USA.; 2 : Energy, Environemntal and Resources Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 600 Henley Street, Suite 311, Knoxville, TN 37996-4134, USA.;  Source Info: 2004, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p1; Thesaurus Term: Manufacturing processes; Subject Term: Lightweight construction; Subject Term: Cost accounting; Subject Term: Pilot projects; Subject Term: Industrial costs; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106509106
T1  - Similarity between obesity and drug addiction as assessed by neurofunctional imaging: a concept review.
AU  - Wang G
AU  - Volkow ND
AU  - Thanos PK
AU  - Fowler JS
Y1  - 2004/09//
N1  - Accession Number: 106509106. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050902. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; diagnostic images; review; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 9107051. 
KW  - Obesity
KW  - Substance Dependence
KW  - Behavior, Addictive
KW  - Brain -- Radiography
KW  - Dopamine -- Physiology
KW  - Food Intake
KW  - Substance Dependence -- Radiography
KW  - Tomography, Emission-Computed
SP  - 39
EP  - 53
JO  - Journal of Addictive Diseases
JF  - Journal of Addictive Diseases
JA  - J ADDICT DIS
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
AB  - Overeating in obese individuals shares similarities with the loss of control and compulsive drug taking behavior observed in drug-addicted subjects. The mechanism of these behaviors is not well understood. Our prior studies with positron emission tomography (PET) in drug-addicted subjects documented reductions in striatal dopamine (DA) D2 receptors. In pathologically obese subjects, we found reductions in striatal DA D2 receptors similar to that in drug-addicted subjects. Moreover, DA D2 receptor levels were found to have an inverse relationship to the body mass index of the obese subjects. We postulated that decreased levels of DA D2 receptors predisposed subjects to search for reinforcers; in the case of drug-addicted subjects for the drug and in the case of the obese subjects for food as a means to temporarily compensate for a decreased sensitivity of DA D2 regulated reward circuits. Understanding the mechanism in food intake will help to suggest strategies for the treatment of obesity.
SN  - 1055-0887
AD  - Medical Dept, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; gjwang@bnl.gov
U2  - PMID: 15256343.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuhrmann, Mark
AU  - Fitts, Jeffrey P.
T1  - Adsorption of Trace Metals on Glass Fiber Filters.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 33
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1943
EP  - 1944
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Determines the relationship between sorption on the glass-fiber material and concentration of a background salt. Removal of substantial quantities of trace metals from solutions of low ionic strength; Use of syringe filters in environmental research; Adsorption of trace metals onto glass-fiber material.
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Trace metal
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Filters & filtration
KW  - Glass fibers
KW  - Ionic solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 14516700; Fuhrmann, Mark 1; Email Address: fuhrmann@bnl.gov; Fitts, Jeffrey P. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Environmental Sciences Department, Building 830, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973;  Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 33 Issue 5, p1943; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Trace metal; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Filters & filtration; Subject Term: Glass fibers; Subject Term: Ionic solutions; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, M.
AU  - Mitsuishi, K.
AU  - Furuya, K.
AU  - Allen, C. W.
AU  - Birtcher, R. C.
AU  - Donnelly, S. E.
T1  - Structure of nanometre-sized Xe particles embedded in Al crystals.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 215
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 224
EP  - 229
SN  - 00222720
AB  - The structure and lattice parameters of Xe particles about 1 nm to about 6 nm in size embedded in Al were investigated with off-Bragg condition high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. An Xe particle about 1 nm in size had different structural properties from those 2–6 nm in sizes. Some 1-nm Xe particles had an face-centred cubic (f.c.c.) structure with the same orientation as the Al matrix, whereas others of the same size had a non-f.c.c. structure. The lattice parameters of a 1-nm f.c.c. Xe particle were about 20% smaller than the average value obtained from electron diffraction, i.e. the particle was compressed by about 80%. The lattice parameters of Xe crystals about 2 nm to about 6 nm in size were almost the same as those obtained from diffraction results. One of the reasons for the extra compression seen with a 1-nm Xe particle is the increase in pressure inside an Xe particle with decreasing particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XENON
KW  - ALUMINUM crystals
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SIZE reduction of materials
KW  - Al
KW  - HREM
KW  - nanoparticles
KW  - Xe particles.
N1  - Accession Number: 14160504; Song, M. 1; Email Address: minghui.song@nims.go.jp; Mitsuishi, K. 1; Furuya, K. 1; Allen, C. W. 2; Birtcher, R. C. 2; Donnelly, S. E. 3; Source Information: Sep2004, Vol. 215 Issue 3, p224; Subject: XENON; Subject: ALUMINUM crystals; Subject: LATTICE dynamics; Subject: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject: NANOPARTICLES; Subject: SIZE reduction of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: HREM; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xe particles.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0022-2720.2004.01369.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zagonel, A. A.
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories
T1  - Using Simulation Models to Address 'What If' Questions about Welfare Reform
JO  - Journal of Policy Analysis and Management
JF  - Journal of Policy Analysis and Management
Y1  - 2004///Fall
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
SP  - 890
EP  - 901
SN  - 02768739
N1  - Accession Number: 0750685 Partial authors List; ; Keywords: Welfare; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200410
KW  - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs          I38
L3  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6688/issues
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UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6688/issues
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrett, Christopher L.
AU  - Marathe, Madhav V.
AU  - Engelhart, D. Charles
AU  - Sivasubramaniam, Anand
T1  - Approximating the connectivity between nodes when simulating large-scale mobile ad hoc radio networks.
JO  - Journal of Systems & Software
JF  - Journal of Systems & Software
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 73
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 74
SN  - 01641212
AB  - Simulation is a widely used technique in the design and evaluation of mobile ad hoc networks. However, time and space constraints can often limit the extent of the size, complexity and detail of the networks that can be simulated. Approximations in the system model can possibly alleviate this problem, but we need to be careful about how much accuracy is compromised when employing them. This paper specifically focuses on one aspect of simulation cost that is incurred in the computation of the connectivity graph that is used to describe what mobile nodes can communicate with whom. Since such a graph is re-computed frequently during the simulation, we explore alternatives to computing this graph exactly and their accuracy in capturing the actual graph properties. We investigate three approximation alternatives to compute graph connectivity, and propose metrics for expressing their deviations from the actual graph. In addition, the graphs generated by these approximations are compared to the original by examining several previously proposed graph measures—the degree distribution, clustering coefficient, shortest path distribution and eigenvalue distribution. Such comparisons are conducted not only with static graphs, but also with dynamically changing graphs that are a consequence of clients moving. Results indicate that these approximations can be quite effective in avoiding repeated calculation of exact graph connectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Systems & Software is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOBILE communication systems
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - RADIO (Medium)
KW  - MOBILE computing
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - GRAPH theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14109434; Barrett, Christopher L. 1; Email Address: barrett@lanl.gov; Marathe, Madhav V. 1; Email Address: marathe@lanl.gov; Engelhart, D. Charles 2; Email Address: engelhar@cse.psu.edu; Sivasubramaniam, Anand 2; Email Address: anand@cse.psu.edu; Affiliations: 1: los alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 202 Pond, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 73 Issue 1, p63; Thesaurus Term: MOBILE communication systems; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: RADIO (Medium); Thesaurus Term: MOBILE computing; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: GRAPH theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517210 Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite); NAICS/Industry Codes: 515111 Radio Networks; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 25 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0164-1212(03)00245-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14109434&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, D. H.
AU  - Candy, J. V.
AU  - Lehman, S. K.
AU  - Kallman, J. S.
AU  - Poggio, A. J.
AU  - Meyer, A. W.
T1  - Time reversal and the spatio-temporal matched filter (L).
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 116
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1348
EP  - 1350
SN  - 00014966
AB  - It is known that focusing of an acoustic field by a time-reversal mirror (TRM) is equivalent to a spatio-temporal matched filter under conditions where the Green's function of the field satisfies reciprocity and is time invariant, i.e., the Green's function is independent of the choice of time origin. In this letter, it is shown that both reciprocity and time invariance can be replaced by a more general constraint on the Green's function that allows a TRM to implement the spatio-temporal matched filter even when conditions are time varying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN'S functions
KW  - TIME reversal
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - POTENTIAL theory (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 20827440; Chambers, D. H. 1; Email Address: chambers2@11n1.gov; Candy, J. V. 1; Lehman, S. K. 1; Kallman, J. S. 1; Poggio, A. J. 1; Meyer, A. W. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-9900;  Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 116 Issue 3, p1348; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Subject Term: TIME reversal; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: POTENTIAL theory (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1778839
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zielinska, Barbara
AU  - Sagebiel, John
AU  - McDonald, Jacob D.
AU  - Whitney, Kevin
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Emission Rates and Comparative Chemical Composition from Selected In-Use Diesel and Gasoline-Fueled Vehicles.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 54
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1138
EP  - 1150
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Emission samples for toxicity testing and detailed chemical characterization were collected from a variety of gasoline-and diesel-fueled in-use vehicles operated on the Unified Driving Cycle on a chassis dynamometer. Gasoline vehicles included normal particle mass (particulate matter [PM]) emitters (tested at 72 and 30 Fahrenheit), "black" and "white" smokers, and a new-technology vehicle (tested at 72 Fahrenheit). Diesel vehicles included current-technology vehicles (tested at 72 and 30 Fahrenheit)and a high PM emitter. Total PM emission rates ranged from below 3 mg/mi up to more than 700 mg/mi for the white smoker gasoline vehicle. Emission rates of organic and elemental carbon (OC/EC), elements (metals and associated analytes), ions, and a variety of particulate and semi-volatile organic compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAH] nitro-PAH, oxy-PAH, hopanes, and steranes) are reported for these vehicles. Speciated organic analysis also was conducted on the fuels and lube oils obtained from these vehicles after the emissions testing. The compositions of emissions were highly dependent on the fuel type (gasoline vs. diesel), the state of vehicle maintenance (low, average, or high emitters; white or black smokers), and ambient conditions (i.e., temperature) of the vehicles. Fuel and oil analyses from these vehicles showed that oil served as a repository for combustion byproducts (e.g. PAH), and oil-burning gasoline vehicles emitted PAH in higher concentrations than did other vehicles. These PAH emissions matched the PAH compositions observed in oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Diesel fuels
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
N1  - Accession Number: 14490390; Zielinska, Barbara 1; Email Address: barbz@dri.edu; Sagebiel, John 1; McDonald, Jacob D. 2; Whitney, Kevin 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Affiliations: 1 : Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; 2 : Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico; 3 : Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas; 4 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado;  Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 54 Issue 9, p1138; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Diesel fuels; Thesaurus Term: Gasoline; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singpurwalla, Nozer D.
AU  - Booker, Jane M.
T1  - Membership Functions and Probability Measures of Fuzzy Sets.
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 99
IS  - 467
M3  - Article
SP  - 867
EP  - 877
SN  - 01621459
AB  - The notion of fuzzy sets has proven useful in the context of control theory, pattern recognition, and medical diagnosis. However, it has also spawned the view that classical probability theory is unable to deal with uncertainties in natural language and machine learning, so that alternatives to probability are needed. One such alternative is what is known as "possibility theory." Such alternatives have come into being because past attempts at making fuzzy set theory and probability theory work in concert have been unsuccessful. The purpose of this article is to develop a line of argument that demonstrates that probability theory has a sufficiently rich structure tor incorporating fuzzy sets within its framework. This probabilities of fuzzy events can be logically induced. The philosophical underpinnings that make this happen are a subjectivistic interpretation of probability, an introduction of Laplace's famous genie, and the mathematics of encoding expert testimony. The benefit of making probability theory work in concern with fuzzy set theory is an ability to deal with different kinds of uncertainties that may arise within the same problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Statistical Association is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - FUZZY sets
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Expert testimony
KW  - Fuzzy control
KW  - Laplace's genie
KW  - Likelihood
KW  - Machine learning
KW  - Membership functions
KW  - Subjective probability
N1  - Accession Number: 14437590; Singpurwalla, Nozer D. 1; Email Address: nozer@gwu.edu; Booker, Jane M. 2; Email Address: jmb@lanl.goc; Affiliations: 1: Professor of Statistics,The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; 2: Technical Staff Member, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 99 Issue 467, p867; Thesaurus Term: PROBABILITY theory; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Thesaurus Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Subject Term: FUZZY sets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decision making; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expert testimony; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuzzy control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace's genie; Author-Supplied Keyword: Likelihood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Machine learning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membership functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subjective probability; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1198/016214504000001196
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boatman, Rodney J.
AU  - Corley, Richard A
AU  - Green, Trevor
AU  - Klaunig, James E.
AU  - Udden, Mark M.
T1  - REVIEW OF STUDIES CONCERNING THE TUMORIGENICITY OF 2-BUTOXYETHANOL IN B6C3F1 MICE AND ITS RELEVANCE FOR HUMAN RISK ASSESSMENT.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part B
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part B
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 398
SN  - 10937404
AB  - The U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) has completed 2-yr inhalation exposures in rats and mice with 2-butoxyethanol (BE). This review concerns the most significant findings from those studies and describes recent research into the mechanistic aspects of BE-mediated tumorigenesis in the mouse and the relevance of such effects to humans. Two tumor types were increased in B6C3F1 mice leading to the classification of “some evidence” of carcinogenicity: liver hemangiosarcomas in male mice and forestomach tumors in female mice (primarily benign papillomas). The results of research collected to date indicate that the tumorigenesis noted for BE was produced by indirect mechanisms. In particular, the occurrence of liver hemangiosarcomas in male mice has been linked to oxidative damage subsequent to red blood cell hemolysis and iron deposition in this organ. Oral administration of BE in mice up to 600 mg/kg/d for up to 90 d produces a dose-related increase in iron (Perl’s staining) in Kupffer cells and hepatocytes, increased DNA synthesis in endothelial cells, and enhanced oxidative damage. Further, iron alone, and not BE or BAA, is responsible for producing oxidative damage in cultured hepatocytes from rats or mice. Forestomach neoplasms in female mice were most likely a result of prolonged exposure-induced irritation with compensatory hyperplasia and subsequent tumor promotion. This mechanism is supported by studies indicating elevated levels of BE and BAA in the mouse forestomach tissues and stomach contents following multiple routes of exposure, forestomach epithelial cell cytotoxicity and cell proliferation following administration of BE and BAA, and the increased capacity of forestomach tissues from female mice to metabolize BE to the more irritating metabolite, BAA. The current article summarizes the results of a number of in vivo and in vitro studies designed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis by BE in the mouse and discusses the relevance of these for human risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part B is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - CARCINOGENESIS
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - LIVER diseases
N1  - Accession Number: 14350245; Boatman, Rodney J. 1; Email Address: rodney.boatman@kodak.com; Corley, Richard A 2; Green, Trevor 3; Klaunig, James E. 4; Udden, Mark M. 5; Source Information: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 7 Issue 5, p385; Subject: ALCOHOL; Subject: CARCINOGENESIS; Subject: RISK assessment; Subject: PUBLIC health; Subject: TOXICOLOGY; Subject: LIVER diseases; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10937400490498084
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Girshick, Steven L.
AU  - Majumdar, Arun
T1  - ENGINEERING WITHOUT LIMIT.
JO  - Mechanical Engineering
JF  - Mechanical Engineering
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 126
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 8
PB  - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
SN  - 00256501
AB  - The past decade, there has been a remarkable increase in interest in nanotechnology among the science and engineering communities, the media, and private investors. The U.S. government now funds about $1 billion per year for the National Nanotechnology Initiative, and many states are making significant contributions as well. After a status report from Mihail C. Roco, chair of the National Science and Technology Council's Subcommittee on Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology, 59 participants attended 29 talks and numerous poster sessions and panel discussions. By the end, there was a growing consensus about the areas within nanotechnology where mechanical engineers were poised to make the greatest contributions and about how to change engineering education to address the new challenges that nanoscale technology represents.
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - SPECIFICATIONS
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - TECHNOLOGY & state
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14301830; Girshick, Steven L. 1; Majumdar, Arun 2; Affiliations: 1: Professor and director of graduate studies in mechanical engineering at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, and co-chair of the Nanomanufacturing Committee of the ASME Nanotechnology Institute.; 2: Almy and Agnes Maynard Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, and a member of the scientific staff of the Materials Science Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He chairs the Advisory Board of the ASME Nanotechnology Institute and is a member of the Nanotechnology Technical Advisory Group to the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology.; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 126 Issue 9, Special section p4; Thesaurus Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Thesaurus Term: ENGINEERING; Thesaurus Term: SPECIFICATIONS; Thesaurus Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY & state; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2571
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaughan, Diane E.
AU  - Jacobson, Sheldon H.
T1  - Tabu Guided Generalized Hill Climbing Algorithms.
JO  - Methodology & Computing in Applied Probability
JF  - Methodology & Computing in Applied Probability
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 354
SN  - 13875841
AB  - This paper formulates tabu search strategies that guide generalized hill climbing (GHC) algorithms for addressing NP-hard discrete optimization problems. The resulting framework, termed tabu guided generalized hill climbing (TG²HC) algorithms, uses a tabu release parameter that probabilistically accepts solutions currently on the tabu list. TG²HC algorithms are modeled as a set of stationary Markov chains, where the tabu list is fixed for each outer loop iteration. This framework provides practitioners with guidelines for developing tabu search strategies to use in conjunction with GHC algorithms that preserve some of the algorithms' known performance properties. In particular, sufficient conditions are obtained that indicate how to design iterations of problem- specific tabu search strategies, where the stationary distributions associated with each of these iterations converge to the distribution with zero weight on all non-optimal solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Methodology & Computing in Applied Probability is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MARKOV processes
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - DIFFUSION processes
KW  - generalized hill climbing algorithms
KW  - local search
KW  - Markov chains
KW  - tabu search
N1  - Accession Number: 13056907; Vaughan, Diane E. 1; Email Address: dev@lanl.gov; Jacobson, Sheldon H. 2; Email Address: shj@uiuc.edu; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; 2: Simulation and Optimization Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p343; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MARKOV processes; Thesaurus Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: DIFFUSION processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: generalized hill climbing algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: local search; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chains; Author-Supplied Keyword: tabu search; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mohler, Bryan L.
T1  - Sharing Lessons Learned.
JO  - Occupational Hazards
JF  - Occupational Hazards
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 66
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 59
PB  - Penton Publishing
SN  - 00297909
AB  - Provides information on an electronic newsletter and archive that provides Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) employees with a valuable tool for sharing safety information and encouraging prevention.  Factors that led to the decision of PNNL to recast its lessons learned program in 2000; Goal of the program; Key tool in the PNNL effort to accelerate learning from past mistakes.  INSET: Topical Areas in the PNNL Lessons Learned/Best Practices....
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety
KW  - ELECTRONIC publishing
KW  - COMPUTER network resources
KW  - ELECTRONIC newsletters
KW  - ARCHIVES
KW  - LEARNING
N1  - Accession Number: 14672943; Mohler, Bryan L. 1; Email Address: bryan.mohler@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Manager, integrated planning and assessment, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 66 Issue 9, p57; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL safety; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC publishing; Subject Term: COMPUTER network resources; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC newsletters; Subject Term: ARCHIVES; Subject Term: LEARNING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519122 Archives; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Michael
AU  - McKee, Michael
T1  - FEEDBACK INFORMATION AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOT-FOR-PROFIT ENTERPRISES: EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGAIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR LARGE-SCALE FUND-RAISING.
JO  - Public Finance Review
JF  - Public Finance Review
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 512
EP  - 527
SN  - 10911421
AB  - Not-for-profit enterprises often rely on donors for operating finds. Through fund-raising campaigns, individual donations are solicited, and the successes of fund-raising campaigns depend on various feature of the campaign. In this article, the authors use experimental methods to investigate the effects of different types of feedback information during fund-raising campaigns. The basic setting is a linear public good. The major finding in that the nature of information has an impact on individual (and total) contributions and that these effects are systematic. The "optimal" campaign includes information on the relative sizes of received contributions and also offers a suggested level of contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Public Finance Review is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONPROFIT organizations
KW  - FUNDRAISING
KW  - CHARITABLE uses, trusts, & foundations (Law)
KW  - PUBLIC finance
KW  - SOCIAL services
KW  - CHARITY
KW  - Administrative Structure and Organization
KW  - laboratory experiments
KW  - not-for-profit funding
KW  - voluntary contributions
N1  - Accession Number: 14237951; Jones, Michael 1; McKee, Michael 2; Source Information: Sep2004, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p512; Subject: NONPROFIT organizations; Subject: FUNDRAISING; Subject: CHARITABLE uses, trusts, & foundations (Law); Subject: PUBLIC finance; Subject: SOCIAL services; Subject: CHARITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Administrative Structure and Organization; Author-Supplied Keyword: laboratory experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: not-for-profit funding; Author-Supplied Keyword: voluntary contributions; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1091142104267064
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bou-Rabee, Nawaf M.
AU  - Marsden, Jerrold E.
AU  - Romero, Louis A.
T1  - Tippe Top Inversion as a Dissipation-Induced Instability.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
EP  - 377
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15360040
AB  - By treating tippe top inversion as a dissipation-induced instability, we explain tippe top inversion through a system we call the modified Maxwell­Bloch equations. We revisit previous work done on this problem and follow Or's mathematical model [SIAM J. Appl. Math., 54 (1994), pp. 597–609]. A linear analysis of the equations of motion reveals that the only equilibrium points correspond to the inverted and noninverted states of the tippe top and that the modified Maxwell–Bloch equations describe the linear/spectral stability of these equilibria. We supply explicit criteria for the spectral stability of these states. A nonlinear global analysis based on energetics yields explicit criteria for the existence of a heteroclinic connection between the noninverted and inverted states of the tippe top. This criteria for the existence of a heteroclinic connection turns out to agree with the criteria for spectral stability of the inverted and noninverted states. Throughout the work we support the analysis with numerical evidence and include simulations to illustrate the nonlinear dynamics of the tippe top. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - EQUATIONS of motion
KW  - axisymmetric rigid body
KW  - constrained rotational motion
KW  - dissipation-induced instability
KW  - tippe top inversion
N1  - Accession Number: 14599179; Bou-Rabee, Nawaf M. 1; Email Address: nawaf@acm.caltech.edu; Marsden, Jerrold E. 2; Email Address: marsden@cds.caltech.edu; Romero, Louis A. 3; Email Address: lromero@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Applied and Computational Mathematics, Caltech, Pasadena, CA; 2: Control and Dynamical Systems, Caltech, Pasadena, CA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, p352; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: axisymmetric rigid body; Author-Supplied Keyword: constrained rotational motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: dissipation-induced instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: tippe top inversion; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/030601351
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14599179&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crooker, S. A.
AU  - Rickel, D. G.
AU  - Balatsky, A. V.
AU  - Smith, D. L.
T1  - Spectroscopy of spontaneous spin noise as a probe of spin dynamics and magnetic resonance.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/02/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7004
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 52
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Not all noise in experimental measurements is unwelcome. Certain fundamental noise sources contain valuable information about the system itself—a notable example being the inherent voltage fluctuations (Johnson noise) that exist across any resistor, which allow the temperature to be determined1,2. In magnetic systems, fundamental noise can exist in the form of random spin fluctuations3,4. For example, statistical fluctuations of N paramagnetic spins should generate measurable noise of order √N p spins, even in zero magnetic field5,6. Here we exploit this effect to perform perturbation-free magnetic resonance. We use offresonant Faraday rotation to passively7,8 detect the magnetization noise in an equilibrium ensemble of paramagnetic alkali atoms; the random fluctuations generate spontaneous spin coherences that precess and decay with the same characteristic energy and timescales as the macroscopic magnetization of an intentionally polarized or driven ensemble. Correlation spectra of the measured spin noise reveal g-factors, nuclear spin, isotope abundance ratios, hyperfine splittings, nuclear moments and spin coherence lifetimes—without having to excite, optically pump or otherwise drive the system away from thermal equilibrium. These noise signatures scale inversely with interaction volume, suggesting a possible route towards non-perturbative, sourceless magnetic resonance of small systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 14307445; Crooker, S. A. 1; Rickel, D. G. 1; Balatsky, A. V. 2; Smith, D. L. 2; Source Information: 9/2/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7004, p49; Subject: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject: TEMPERATURE; Subject: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject: ISOTOPES; Subject: MAGNETIC resonance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02804
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hallam, Steven J.
AU  - Putnam, Nik
AU  - Preston, Christina M.
AU  - Detter, John C.
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel
AU  - Richardson, Paul M.
AU  - DeLong, Edward F.
T1  - Reverse Methanogenesis: Testing the Hypothesis with Environmental Genomics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/09/03/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5689
M3  - Article
SP  - 1457
EP  - 1462
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Microbial methane consumption in anoxic sediments significantly impacts the global environment by reducing the flux of greenhouse gases from ocean to atmosphere. Despite its significance, the biological mechanisms controlling anaerobic methane oxidation are not well characterized. One current model suggests that relatives of methane-producing Archaea developed the capacity to reverse methanogenesis and thereby to consume methane to produce cellular carbon and energy. We report here a test of the "reverse-methanogenesis" hypothesis by genomic analyses of methane-oxidizing Archaea from deep-sea sediments. Our results show that nearly all genes typically associated with methane production are present in one specific group of archaeal methanotrophs. These genome-based observations support previous hypotheses and provide an informed foundation for metabolic modeling of anaerobic methane oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANE
KW  - GLOBAL environmental change
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - MANURE gases
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
N1  - Accession Number: 14576312; Hallam, Steven J. 1; Putnam, Nik 2; Preston, Christina M. 1; Detter, John C. 2; Rokhsar, Daniel 2; Richardson, Paul M. 2; DeLong, Edward F. 1; Email Address: delong@mit.edu; Source Information: 9/3/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5689, p1457; Subject: METHANE; Subject: GLOBAL environmental change; Subject: GENOMICS; Subject: MANURE gases; Subject: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject: OXIDATION; Subject: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2859
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nunnermacker, L.J.
AU  - Weinstein-Lloyd, J.
AU  - Kleinman, L.
AU  - Daum, P.H.
AU  - Lee, Y.N.
AU  - Springston, S.R.
AU  - Klotz, P.
AU  - Newman, L.
AU  - Neuroth, G.
AU  - Hyde, P.
T1  - Ground-based and aircraft measurements of trace gases in Phoenix, Arizona (1998)
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 4941
EP  - 4956
SN  - 13522310
AB  - In May and June of 1998, an extensive measurement campaign was fielded in the city of Phoenix and its environs. Measurements were made at ground sites and aboard the Department of Energy''s G-1 research aircraft in an effort to understand the production of O3 in this area. Diurnal variations in O3 differed at the upwind Palo Verde, downtown Phoenix Super Site, and downwind Usery Pass surface stations. Air masses entering the metropolitan area had O3 concentrations greater than 40 ppbv. Maximum O3 concentrations near 100 ppbv were observed downtown at 14:00 local standard time; similar concentrations occurred much later in the day at the downwind site. One aircraft case study on 5 June, 1998 is presented to illustrate ozone production in the region. Calculated ozone production rate and efficiency varied from 1 to 7 ppbv h-1, and 1–3 molecules of O3 per molecule of NOz, respectively, for this flight. Hydrocarbon apportionment, based upon ground site and aircraft measurements, establishes that biogenic species are not significant contributors to O3 production in the Phoenix area. Therefore, carbon monoxide becomes a major contributor to OH reactivity as the more reactive anthropogenic hydrocarbons become depleted. The relatively low ozone production observed in this study is attributed to a low rate of radical production in the dry atmosphere. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Isoprene
KW  - Biogenic hydrocarbons
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Ozone production efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 14168534; Nunnermacker, L.J. 1; Email Address: lindan@bnl.gov; Weinstein-Lloyd, J. 2; Kleinman, L. 1; Daum, P.H. 1; Lee, Y.N. 1; Springston, S.R. 1; Klotz, P. 1; Newman, L. 1; Neuroth, G. 3; Hyde, P. 3; Affiliations: 1 : Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 815E, Rutherford St., Upton, NY 11973, USA; 2 : Chemistry/Physics Department, State University of New York, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA; 3 : Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA;  Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 38 Issue 29, p4941; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Subject Term: Isoprene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogenic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone production efficiency; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.04.033
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=14168534&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, Woodrow
AU  - Isherwood, William
T1  - Distributed generation: remote power systems with advanced storage technologies
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1573
SN  - 03014215
AB  - The paper discusses derived from an earlier hypothetical study of remote villiages. It considers the policy implications for communities who have their own local power resources rather than those distributed through transmission from distant sources such as dams, coal power plants or even renewables generation from wind farms, solar thermal or other resources. The issues today, post 911 and the energy crises in California, Northeast North America and Europe, signal the need for a new and different approach to energy supply(s), reliability and dissemination.Distributed generation (DG) as explored in the earlier paper appears to be one such approach that allows for local communities to become energy self-sufficient. Along with energy conservation, efficiency, and on-site generation, local power sources provide concrete definitions and understandings for heretofore ill defined concepts such as sustainability and eco-systems. The end result for any region and nation-state are “agile energy systems” which use flexible DG, on-site generation and conservation systems meeting the needs of local communities.Now the challenge is to demonstrate and provide economic and policy structures for implementing new advanced technologies for local communities. For institutionalizing economically viable and sound environmental technologies then new finance mechanisms must be established that better reflect the true costs of clean energy distributed in local communities. For example, the aggregation of procurement contracts for on-site solar systems is far more cost effective than for each business owner, public building or household to purchase its own separate units. Thus mass purchasing contracts that are link technologies as hybrids can dramatically reduce costs. In short public–private partnerships can implement the once costly clean energy technologies into local DG systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - VILLAGES
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Advanced technologies
KW  - Distributed generation energy
KW  - Environmentally sound technologies
KW  - Optimization and economic models
KW  - Remote communities
N1  - Accession Number: 12852829; Clark, Woodrow 1; Email Address: wclark13@aol.com; Isherwood, William 2; Affiliations: 1: Governors Office of Planning and Research, 1400 Tenth Street, Sacramento, CA 95184, USA; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 32 Issue 14, p1573; Thesaurus Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: VILLAGES; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject: CALIFORNIA; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced technologies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed generation energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmentally sound technologies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimization and economic models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remote communities; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00017-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, L. Roy
AU  - Bhamidipati, Vikram
AU  - Wei-Hong Zhong
AU  - Jiang Li
AU  - Lukehart, Charles M.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, Edgar
AU  - Liu, Kenneth C.
AU  - Lance, Michael J.
T1  - Mechanical Property Characterization of a Polymeric Nanocomposite Reinforced by Graphitic Nanofibers with Reactive Linkers.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 1563
EP  - 1582
SN  - 00219983
AB  - Mechanical property characterization including bending, tensile, and fracture properties for a new functionalized nanofiber/epoxy composite were conducted. Results show that there was only very little increase in mechanical properties of nanocomposites although we used GCNF-ODA reactive linkers to improve the interface. The interfacial stress level of nanocomposites should be much higher than that of traditional composites because of high property mismatch between the nanoscale reinforcement and the matrix. In order to design strong and stiff nanocomposite materials, one should use aligned nanofibers with a relatively large volume or weight fraction. Also, the length of the nanofiber should be long enough and its diameter not very small in order to facilitate the interfacial load transfer mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - EPOXY resins
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - BENDING (Metalwork)
KW  - epoxy matrix
KW  - graphite nanofibers
KW  - mechanical property characterization
KW  - nanocomposite materials
KW  - ultrasonic processing
N1  - Accession Number: 14914417; Xu, L. Roy 1; Email Address: l.roy.xu@vanderbilt.edu; Bhamidipati, Vikram 1; Wei-Hong Zhong 2; Jiang Li 2; Lukehart, Charles M. 2; Lara-Curzio, Edgar 3; Liu, Kenneth C. 3; Lance, Michael J. 3; Source Information: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 18, p1563; Subject: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject: EPOXY resins; Subject: COMPOSITE materials; Subject: BENDING (Metalwork); Author-Supplied Keyword: epoxy matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: graphite nanofibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanical property characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanocomposite materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultrasonic processing; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304043758
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=14914417&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fleming, Graham R.
AU  - Scholes, Gregory D.
T1  - Physical chemistry: Quantum mechanics for plants.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/16/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7006
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
EP  - 257
SN  - 00280836
AB  - This article informs that plant use solar antennae to capture incident photons and transmit the excitation energy to reaction centres, where it is used to initiate the primary electron transfer reactions of photosynthesis. These antennae are one of nature's supreme examples of nanoscale engineering, and are constructed from specialized light-harvesting complexes formed of proteins that bind chlorophylls and carotenoids. More than 50 years ago, Theodore Forster described a method for calculating the rate of energy transfer between molecules from the overlap of the donor molecule's fluorescence spectrum and the acceptor molecule's absorption spectrum. The theory has had an enormous impact on biology, chemistry and physics. Collectively, high-resolution structural models, ultrafast spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations have helped to expose the complex and, in some cases, subtle relationships between structure and light-harvesting in photosynthetic systems.
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - PHOTOBIOLOGY
KW  - EFFECT of light on plants
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - CAROTENOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14411067; Fleming, Graham R. 1,2; Email Address: grfleming@lbl.gov; Scholes, Gregory D. 3; Email Address: gscholes@chem.utoronto.ca; Source Information: 9/16/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7006, p256; Subject: PHOTONS; Subject: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject: PHOTOBIOLOGY; Subject: EFFECT of light on plants; Subject: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject: CAROTENOIDS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/431256a
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=14411067&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmutz, Jeremy
AU  - Martin, Joel
AU  - Terry, Astrid
AU  - Couronne, Olivier
AU  - Grimwood, Jane
AU  - Lowry, Steve
AU  - Gordon, Laurie A.
AU  - Scott, Duncan
AU  - Gary Xie
AU  - Wayne Huang
AU  - Hellsten, Uffe
AU  - Tran-Gyamfi, Mary
AU  - Xinwei She
AU  - Prabhakar, Shyam
AU  - Aerts, Andrea
AU  - Altherr, Michael
AU  - Bajorek, Eva
AU  - Black, Stacey
AU  - Branscomb, Elbert
AU  - Caoile, Chenier
T1  - The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/16/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7006
M3  - Article
SP  - 268
EP  - 274
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Chromosome 5 is one of the largest human chromosomes and contains numerous intrachromosomal duplications, yet it has one of the lowest gene densities. This is partially explained by numerous gene-poor regions that display a remarkable degree of noncoding conservation with non-mammalian vertebrates, suggesting that they are functionally constrained. In total, we compiled 177.7 million base pairs of highly accurate finished sequence containing 923 manually curated protein-coding genes including the protocadherin and interleukin gene families. We also completely sequenced versions of the large chromosome-5-specific internal duplications. These duplications are very recent evolutionary events and probably have a mechanistic role in human physiological variation, as deletions in these regions are the cause of debilitating disorders including spinal muscular atrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 14411040; Schmutz, Jeremy 1; Email Address: jeremy@shgc.stanford.edu; Martin, Joel 2; Terry, Astrid 2; Couronne, Olivier 3; Grimwood, Jane 1; Lowry, Steve 2; Gordon, Laurie A. 2,4; Scott, Duncan 2; Gary Xie 2,5; Wayne Huang 2; Hellsten, Uffe 2; Tran-Gyamfi, Mary 2,4; Xinwei She 6; Prabhakar, Shyam 3; Aerts, Andrea 2; Altherr, Michael 2,5; Bajorek, Eva 1; Black, Stacey 1; Branscomb, Elbert 2,4; Caoile, Chenier 1; Source Information: 9/16/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7006, p268; Subject: CHROMOSOMES; Subject: GENETICS; Subject: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject: CELL nuclei; Subject: DNA; Subject: NUCLEIC acids; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02919
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nellist, P. D.
AU  - Chisholm, M. F.
AU  - Dellby, N.
AU  - Krivanek, O. L.
AU  - Murfitt, M. F.
AU  - Szilagyi, Z. S.
AU  - Lupini, A. R.
AU  - Borisevich, A.
AU  - Sides Jr., W. H.
AU  - Pennycook, S. J.
T1  - Direct Sub-Angstrom Imaging of a Crystal Lattice.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/09/17/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5691
M3  - Article
SP  - 1741
EP  - 1741
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - This article reports that achieving sub-angstrom imaging has been a long-standing goal for electron microscopy. Improved resolution allows not only a wider range of materials to be imaged, but also allows each material to be imaged in several possible orientations. Underfocusing the main imaging lens can also partially compensate for the existence of spherical aberration, but the images recorded are similarly highly delocalized and contain low signal strength. Previous evidence of a sub-angstrom point spread function from a scanning, with apparent spots in a Fourier transform and an intensity profile of a single atom, is not unambiguous because such measurements are sensitive to errors due to noise, instabilities in the microscope, and incorrect adjustment of the detector black level.
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - FOURIER transform optics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ERRORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14576444; Nellist, P. D. 1; Chisholm, M. F. 2; Dellby, N. 1; Krivanek, O. L. 1; Murfitt, M. F. 1; Szilagyi, Z. S. 1; Lupini, A. R. 2; Borisevich, A. 2; Sides Jr., W. H. 2; Pennycook, S. J. 2; Email Address: pennycooksj@ornl.gov; Source Information: 9/17/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5691, p1741; Subject: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject: MICROSCOPY; Subject: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject: FOURIER transform optics; Subject: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject: ERRORS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 915
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, Guangfeng
AU  - Fast, Jerome D.
T1  - Modeling the effects of VOC and NOX emission sources on ozone formation in Houston during the TexAQS 2000 field campaign
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 38
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5071
EP  - 5085
SN  - 13522310
AB  - A meteorological and chemical modeling system is used to determine the effect of ethene and propene point source emission rates on the magnitude and distribution of ozone in the vicinity of Houston. The model performance is evaluated using surface and airborne meteorological and chemical measurements made as part of the 2000 Texas Air Quality Study. A simulation that employed the reported mobile, area, biogenic, and point source emissions produced ozone mixing ratios as high as 120ppb and distributions of nitrogen oxides that were similar to measurements at most locations, but the model underestimated ozone mixing ratios greater than 140ppb that were located just downwind of petrochemical facilities. When the point source emission rates of ethene and propene were increased by a factor of 10, the simulated peak ozone levels were in better agreement with surface, aircraft, and lidar observations. The magnitude of the simulated ethene and olefin concentrations were in better agreement with canister samples aloft as well; however, there was still a large amount of scatter in the results. While the highest ozone mixing ratios were produced just downwind of large point source emissions of VOCs, sensitivity simulations also showed that reductions in anthropogenic emissions of NOx would be needed to reduce ozone mixing ratios over a larger area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Emission inventories
KW  - Ethene and propene
KW  - Houtson
KW  - Regional photochemical modeling
KW  - Tx
N1  - Accession Number: 14252715; Jiang, Guangfeng 1; Fast, Jerome D.; Email Address: jerome.fast@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 999, K9-30, Richland, WA 99352, USA;  Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 38 Issue 30, p5071; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission inventories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethene and propene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Houtson; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regional photochemical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tx; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.06.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=14252715&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calvert, Jack G.
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
T1  - Potential influence of iodine-containing compounds on the chemistry of the troposphere in the polar spring. I. Ozone depletion
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 38
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5087
EP  - 5104
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Iodine in the atmosphere, identified largely by the presence of IO, is a ubiquitous component of the troposphere in coastal and oceanic areas. The role, if any, that iodine chemistry plays in the polar ozone depletion episodes is not known. These events are rationalized today largely in terms of Br2- and BrCl-initiated reactions. The potential for enhancement of ozone depletions through the presence of iodine-containing molecules (I2, IBr, ICl, CH2I2, CH2IBr, CH2ICl, and CH3I) is investigated in this study. Computer simulations of the homogeneous chemistry are made using a reasonably complete reaction mechanism for Br-, Cl- and I-containing species together with representative chemistry of trace gases in the clean troposphere. The extent of uncertain alternative pathways and efficiencies for OIO and I2O2 photolyses are varied over a range of possible values to establish the sensitivity of the depletion events to these variables. The study shows that significant enhancements of the polar ozone depletion are expected when small amounts of iodine-containing compounds such as CH2I2, IBr, or ICl are present in a polar air mass containing representative Br2–BrCl-trace gas mixtures. The synergistic effect of the iodine compounds results from additional halogen-atom formation from IO–IO, IO–BrO, and IO–ClO reactions. Measurements of IO and precursor iodine-containing compounds are encouraged for future polar spring studies, as well as currently acknowledged important trace species (O3, CH2O, BrO, Br2, and BrCl). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Atmospheric chemistry
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Iodine compounds
KW  - Arctic O3 depletion
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Iodine-containing compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14252716; Calvert, Jack G.; Email Address: jgcalvertj@tds.net; Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Email Address: lindbergse@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 27831-6038, USA;  Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 38 Issue 30, p5087; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric chemistry; Subject Term: Computer simulation; Subject Term: Iodine compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arctic O3 depletion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iodine-containing compounds; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.049
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=14252716&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calvert, Jack G.
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
T1  - The potential influence of iodine-containing compounds on the chemistry of the troposphere in the polar spring. II. Mercury depletion
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 38
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5105
EP  - 5116
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Simulations of atomic mercury depletion episodes in the polar spring are now based largely on Br2 and Br-atom initiated chemistry. Chlorine is believed to contribute little to the observed depletion. The role, if any, that the presence of iodine compounds play in Hg-atom depletion is unknown at present. The theoretically predicted instability of the HgI species suggests that I-atom reactions with mercury may be an unimportant loss process. However, iodine atoms react rapidly with ozone to develop IO radicals that interact with BrO radicals to enhance Br- and I-atom concentrations, so an indirect influence of iodine compounds on Hg removal might be expected. Computer simulations are described in this study that test this hypothesis using the homogeneous portion of the chemistry of the mercury depletion in the troposphere. Conditions are chosen equivalent to the 1300–1400h on a clear day (17 March) at the location of Barrow, Alaska (Atmos. Environ. 37 (2003) 4467). Small amounts of reactive trace gases, representative of the Arctic spring, are present initially with typical background levels of Hg (0.24ppt) and 50ppb of O3. The simulations show that gaseous atomic mercury depletion in typical Br2 and BrCl mixtures can be enhanced significantly by the presence of small amounts of iodine-containing compounds (I2, CH2I2, CH2IBr, CH2ICl, IBr, and ICl). The major initial product of the possible mercury reactions is HgBr. The subsequent coupling reactions of this species with Br, BrO, Cl, ClO, I, IO, and OH radicals are expected to lead to a variety of reactive gaseous mercury-containing products. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Halogens
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Iodine compounds
KW  - AMDE
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Halogen chemistry
KW  - Polar Hg chemistry
KW  - RGM
N1  - Accession Number: 14252717; Calvert, Jack G.; Email Address: jgcalvertj@tds.net; Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Email Address: lindbergse@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN 37831-6036, USA;  Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 38 Issue 30, p5105; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Halogens; Subject Term: Computer simulation; Subject Term: Iodine compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: AMDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halogen chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polar Hg chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: RGM; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.050
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=14252717&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, T.
AU  - Czasch, A. O.
AU  - Jagutzki, O.
AU  - Müller, A. K.
AU  - Mergel, V.
AU  - Khelfets, A.
AU  - Rotenberg, E.
AU  - Melg&, C.
AU  - Prior, M.H.
AU  - Daveau, S.
AU  - Landers, A.
AU  - Cocke, C. L.
AU  - Osipov, T.
AU  - Diez Mulño, R.
AU  - Schmidt-Böcking, H.
AU  - Dörner, R.
T1  - Complete photo-fragmentation of the deuterium molecule.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/23/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7007
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 440
SN  - 00280836
AB  - All properties of molecules-from binding and excitation energies to their geometry-are determined by the highly correlated initial-state wavefunction of the electrons and nuclei. Details of these correlations can be revealed by studying the break-up of these systems into their constituents. The fragmentation might be initiated by the absorption of a single photon, by collision with a charged particle or by exposure to a strong laser pulse: if the interaction causing the excitation is sufficiently understood, the fragmentation process can then be used as a tool to investigate the bound initial state. The interaction and resulting fragment motions therefore pose formidable challenges to quantum theory. Here we report the coincident measurement of the momenta of both nuclei and both electrons from the single-photon-induced fragmentation of the deuterium molecule. The results reveal that the correlated motion of the electrons is strongly dependent on the inter-nuclear separation in the molecular ground state at the instant of photon absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14487115; Weber, T. 1,2,3; Czasch, A. O. 1; Jagutzki, O. 1; Müller, A. K. 1; Mergel, V. 1; Khelfets, A. 4; Rotenberg, E. 2; Melg&, C. 2; Prior, M.H. 2; Daveau, S. 2; Landers, A. 5; Cocke, C. L. 3; Osipov, T. 3; Diez Mulño, R. 6; Schmidt-Böcking, H. 1; Dörner, R. 1; Source Information: 9/23/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7007, p437; Subject: DEUTERIUM; Subject: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject: MOLECULES; Subject: ELECTRONS; Subject: PHOTONS; Subject: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02839
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=14487115&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geddes, C.G.R.
AU  - Toth, Cs.
AU  - van Tilborg, J.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Schroeder, C.B.
AU  - Bruhwiler, D.
AU  - Nieter, C.
AU  - Cary, J.
AU  - Leemans, W.P.
T1  - High-quality electron beams from a laser wakefield accelerator using plasma-channel guiding.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/30/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7008
M3  - Article
SP  - 538
EP  - 541
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Laser-driven accelerators, in which particles are accelerated by the electric field of a plasma wave (the wakefield) driven by an intense laser, have demonstrated accelerating electric fields of hundreds of GV?m-1 (refs 1-3). These fields are thousands of times greater than those achievable in conventional radio-frequency accelerators, spurring interest in laser accelerators as compact next-generation sources of energetic electrons and radiation. To date, however, acceleration distances have been severely limited by the lack of a controllable method for extending the propagation distance of the focused laser pulse. The ensuing short acceleration distance results in low-energy beams with 100 per cent electron energy spread, which limits potential applications. Here we demonstrate a laser accelerator that produces electron beams with an energy spread of a few per cent, low emittance and increased energy (more than 109 electrons above 80?MeV). Our technique involves the use of a preformed plasma density channel to guide a relativistically intense laser, resulting in a longer propagation distance. The results open the way for compact and tunable high-brightness sources of electrons and radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRON accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 14555499; Geddes, C.G.R. 1,2; Toth, Cs. 1; van Tilborg, J. 1,3; Esarey, E. 1; Schroeder, C.B. 1; Bruhwiler, D. 4; Nieter, C. 4; Cary, J. 4,5; Leemans, W.P. 1; Email Address: wpleemans@lbl.gov; Source Information: 9/30/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7008, p538; Subject: ELECTRON beams; Subject: PARTICLE beams; Subject: LASERS; Subject: ELECTRON accelerators; Subject: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject: LASER plasmas; Subject: LASER beams; Subject: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02900
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carr, Robert D.
AU  - Lancia, Giuseppe G.
AD  - Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque
AD  - U Udine
T1  - Compact Optimization Can Outperform Separation: A Case Study in Structural Proteomics
JO  - 4OR: Quarterly Journal of the Belgian, French and Italian Operations Research Societies
JF  - 4OR: Quarterly Journal of the Belgian, French and Italian Operations Research Societies
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
SP  - 221
EP  - 233
SN  - 16194500
N1  - Accession Number: 0807983; Keywords: Linear Programming;  Optimization;  Programming; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200512
N2  - In Combinatorial Optimization, one is frequently faced with linear programming (LP) problems with exponentially many constraints, which can be solved either using separation or what we call compact optimization. The former technique relies on a separation algorithm, which, given a fractional solution, tries to produce a violated valid inequality. Compact optimization relies on describing the feasible region of the LP by a polynomial number of constraints, in a higher dimensional space. A commonly held belief is that compact optimization does not perform as well as separation in practice. In this paper, we report on an application in which compact optimization does in fact largely outperform separation. The problem arises in structural proteomics, and concerns the comparison of 3-dimensional protein folds. Our computational results show that compact optimization achieves an improvement of up to two orders of magnitude over separation. We discuss some reasons why compact optimization works in this case but not, e.g., for the LP relaxation of the TSP.
KW  - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis          C61
KW  - Miscellaneous Mathematical Tools          C65
L3  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10288
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0807983&site=ehost-live&scope=site
UR  - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10288
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ecn
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steelman, Karen L.
AU  - Rowe, Marvin W.
AU  - Turpin, Solveig A.
AU  - Guilderson, Tom
AU  - Nightengale, Laura
T1  - NONDESTRUCTIVE RADIOCARBON DATING:  NATURALLY MUMMIFIED INFANT BUNDLE FROM SW TEXAS.
JO  - American Antiquity
JF  - American Antiquity
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 69
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 750
SN  - 00027316
AB  - Using materials from a naturally mummified infant bundle from the Lower Pecos River region of southwestern Texas, discusses the value of plasma oxidation for obtaining radiocarbon dates. (English)
AB  - La oxidación de plasma, una alternativa no destructiva a la combustión, se usó para obtener muestras de radiocarbono de seis materiales distintos de un envoltorio de bebé naturalmente momificado de la región del bajo Río Pecos del suroeste de Texas. Este bulto se eligió porque representa un caso único e ilustra la exactitud y precisión del método de oxidación de plasma. Cinco tipos de materiales que eran claramente componentes del bulto dieron 13 fechas que se combinaron para obtener un promedio con un valor asignado de 2135 ± 11 A.P., seis muestras de un palillo de madera proveniente de Desert Ash promediaron 939 ± 14 A.P., mostrando que este artefacto no era parte del entierro original. La oxidación de plasma promete ser un método no destructivo para obtener fechas de radiocarbono de artefactos orgánicos perecederos, ya que solamente se requiere remover cantidades menores a un miligramo de la superficie expuesta de un artefacto, además de que ningún cambio visible se observó en los materiales frágiles después de la oxidación de plasma, aún bajo ampliación. El método se aplica mejor cuando no existe la posibilidad de contaminación orgánica, este factor necesita ser seriamente considerado en todos los casos, ya que si hay contaminación orgánica ésta tendría que ser removida antes de la oxidación de plasma para obtener fechas de radiocarbono exactas. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Antiquity is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Author-supplied Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ARCHAEOLOGICAL dating
KW  - MUMMIES
KW  - ARCHAEOLOGY
KW  - RADIOCARBON dating
KW  - INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas
KW  - TEXAS
KW  - TEXAS, South
N1  - Accession Number: 15150815; Steelman, Karen L. 1,2; Rowe, Marvin W. 1; Turpin, Solveig A. 3; Guilderson, Tom 4; Nightengale, Laura 5; Affiliations: 1 : Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842; 2 : Department of Chemistry, 205 Laney Hall, University of Central Arkansas 205 Donaghey, Conway, AR 72035; 3 : Institute of Latin American Studies, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712; 4 : Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; 5 : Texas Archeological Research Laboratory, The University of Texas, 1 University Station R7500, Austin, Texas 78712-0714;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 69 Issue 4, p741; Historical Period: Prehistory; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ARCHAEOLOGICAL dating; Subject Term: MUMMIES; Subject Term: ARCHAEOLOGY; Subject Term: RADIOCARBON dating; Subject Term: INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas; Subject: TEXAS; Subject: TEXAS, South; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ahl
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Post, Wilfred M.
AU  - Jardine, Philip M.
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
AU  - West, Tristram O.
AU  - Izaurralde, R. Cesar
AU  - Jastrow, Julie D.
AU  - McCarl, Bruce A.
AU  - Amonette, James E.
AU  - Bailey, Vanessa L.
T1  - Enhancement of Carbon Sequestration in US Soils.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 54
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 895
EP  - 903
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Improved practices in agriculture, forestry, and land management could be used to increase soil carbon and thereby significantly reduce the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Understanding biological and edaphic processes that increase and retain soil carbon can lead to specific manipulations that enhance soil carbon sequestration. These manipulations, however, will be suitable for adoption only if they are technically feasible over large areas, economically competitive with alternative measures to offset greenhouse gas emissions, and environmentally beneficial. Here we present the elements of an integrated evaluation of soil carbon sequestration methods.  INSET: Economic components for determining the cost of carbon.... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Land management
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - full carbon accounting
KW  - integrated assessment
KW  - land-use change
KW  - soil carbon sequestration
KW  - terrestrial ecosystems
N1  - Accession Number: 14678610; Post, Wilfred M. 1; Email Address: postwmiii@ornl.gov; Jardine, Philip M. 1; Zhou, Jizhong 1; West, Tristram O. 2; Izaurralde, R. Cesar 3; Jastrow, Julie D. 4; McCarl, Bruce A. 5; Amonette, James E. 6; Bailey, Vanessa L. 6; Affiliations: 1 : Senior scientist, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 2 : Research scientist, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 3 : Senior scientist, Joint Global Change Research Institute (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [PNNL] and University of Maryland), College Park, MD 20740; 4 : Scientist, Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL, 60439; 5 : Professor of agricultural economics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843; 6 : Research scientist, PNNL, Richland, WA 99352;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 54 Issue 10, p895; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Thesaurus Term: Land management; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Author-Supplied Keyword: full carbon accounting; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrated assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: land-use change; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: terrestrial ecosystems; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 10318
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jefferson, David
AU  - Rubin, Aviel D.
AU  - Simons, Barbara
AU  - Wagner, David
T1  - ANALYZING INTERNET VOTING SECURITY.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 47
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 64
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article analyzes the security of Internet voting. The Secure Electronic Registration and Voting Experiment (SERVE) is an Internet-based voting system built by Accenture and its subcontractors for the U.S. Department of Defense Federal Voting Assistance Program (FVAP). The mission of FVAP is to reduce voting barriers for all citizens covered by the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA), namely U.S. citizens who are members of the military services, their family members, and nonresident U.S. citizens. SERVE is intended to allow UOCAVA voters both to register to vote and to vote via the Internet, from anywhere in the world. To participate, an eligible voter first enrolls in the SERVE program. After enrollment, the voter may register to vote, and then vote in one or two short sessions from any Internet-connected PC. The PC must run a Microsoft Windows operating system and either the Internet Explorer or Netscape Web browser. Because the Internet is independent of national boundaries, an election held over the Internet is vulnerable to attacks from anywhere in the world.
KW  - Computer security
KW  - Browsers (Computer programs)
KW  - Operating systems (Computers)
KW  - Internet voting
KW  - Electronic voting
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14523106; Jefferson, David 1; Email Address: d_jefferson@yahoo.com; Rubin, Aviel D. 2; Email Address: rubin@jhu.edu; Simons, Barbara; Email Address: simons@acm.org; Wagner, David 3; Email Address: daw@cs.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Computer scientist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory chair of the Technical Advisory Board for the Secretary of State of California.; 2 : Professor of Computer Science and the technical director of the Information Security Institute, Johns Hopkins University.; 3 : Assistant professor of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley.;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 47 Issue 10, p59; Thesaurus Term: Computer security; Thesaurus Term: Browsers (Computer programs); Thesaurus Term: Operating systems (Computers); Subject Term: Internet voting; Subject Term: Electronic voting; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Illustration, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/1022594.1022624
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=14523106&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, Eugene
T1  - The gap between cryptography and information security: has it narrowed?
JO  - Computers & Security
JF  - Computers & Security
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 532
SN  - 01674048
AB  - This article discusses developments that are narrowing the gap between cryptography and information security. Several cryptographers have reported that they had found weaknesses in several hashing algorithms that could lead to collisions, instances in which a calculated hash value can be produced by more than one initial text. The cost-to-benefit ratio changes when these algorithms are used in checking the integrity of files and directories. A perpetrator could change a file or directory, altering the contents in a manner that a collision-prone hashing algorithm might not be able to detect. The more salient issue concerns the probability that a perpetrator might be able to exploit a collision in a widely used hashing algorithm in a real-life setting.
KW  - CRYPTOGRAPHY
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - DATA encryption (Computer science)
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - FILE organization (Computer science)
KW  - HASHING (Computer science)
KW  - COMPUTER files
KW  - ELECTRONIC directories
N1  - Accession Number: 15283573; Schultz, Eugene 1; Email Address: eeugeneschultz2@aol.com; Affiliations: 1: Principal Computer Engineer, University of California-Berkeley Lab; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 23 Issue 7, p531; Thesaurus Term: CRYPTOGRAPHY; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: DATA encryption (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Thesaurus Term: FILE organization (Computer science); Subject Term: HASHING (Computer science); Subject Term: COMPUTER files; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC directories; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cose.2004.09.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=15283573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Karagiozis, Achilles
AU  - Rose, Bill
AU  - TenWolde, Anton
T1  - Analysis Assumptions Are Not Conservative Enough.
JO  - Energy Design Update
JF  - Energy Design Update
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 24
IS  - 10
M3  - Letter
SP  - 15
EP  - 15
PB  - Aspen Publishers Inc.
SN  - 07413629
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor criticizing the article "Changing the Code on Vapor Retarders," published in the August 2004 issue of the journal "Energy Design Update."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - HUMIDITY control
N1  - Accession Number: 14939124; Karagiozis, Achilles 1; Rose, Bill 2; TenWolde, Anton 3; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; 2: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois.; 3: US Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 24 Issue 10, p15; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: HUMIDITY control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rihs, Sophie
AU  - Sturchio, Neil C.
AU  - Orlandini, Kent
AU  - Cheng, Likwan
AU  - Teng, Henry
AU  - Fenter, Paul
AU  - Bedzyk, Michael J.
T1  - Interaction of Uranyl with Calcite in the Presence of EDIA.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5078
EP  - 5086
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Adsorption of uranyl at the surface of calcite was investigated by using batch sorption experiments and synchrotron X-ray standing wave (XSW) measurements. Aqueous solutions containing 236U(Vl) (4.5 × 10-7 to 1.0 × 10-4 M) and EDTA (5.0 × 10-7 to 1.1 × 10-4 M) were reacted for 90 s to 60 mm with freshly cleaved calcite (104) surfaces and calcite powders. Surface exchange coefficients, sorption kinetics, and influence of powder surface area/solution volume (SNV) ratio were investigated by α-counting of 236U. Powder sorption results at SAN = 870 cm²/mL fit a Freundlich isotherm [log [U]surface (in monolayers) = log K + n log [U]aq (in moles/L)], where K = 1.9 ± 0.5 and n = 0.9 ± 0.1, consistent with uptake of U(Vl) by a specific surface reaction where the availability of sorption sites is nonlimiting in the U concentration range measured. Measured U(Vl) coverages along this isotherm, based on the calcite (104) surface Ca site density, ranged from 0.04% to 5.4% of a monolayer. Steady state surface coverages were obtained within 90 s. Sorption of U(Vl) on calcite (104) single-crystal cleavage surfaces using identical solutions yielded higher coverages, because of increased step density induced by dissolution at the relatively low SNV ratio (∼1) of these measurements. The crystallographic location of the sorbed U(Vl) was examined with the synchrotron XSW technique. Measurements were performed at the Advanced Photon Source on fresh calcite (104) cleavage surfaces reacted for 90 s with U(Vl) solutions. Coherent fractions for sorbed U ranged from 0.14 to 0.62, and the mean value of the U coherent position was 0.84 ± 0.02. This position was independent of dissolved U(Vl) concentration and corresponds to a distance between the U atom and the calcite (104) plane of 2.55 ± 0.06 Å. These results are consistent with U(Vl) adsorption at the calcite surface as an inner-sphere uranyl- carbonate surface complex bonded with the outer oxygen atom(s) of a single surface carbonate group. Steric considerations allow this observed U(Vl) surface complex to occur both at step sites ((441)- and (481)-) and on terrace areas adjacent to Ca vacancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - X-rays
KW  - CARBONATE minerals
KW  - ROCK-forming minerals
KW  - CRYSTALLINE polymers
KW  - CALCIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14719752; Rihs, Sophie 1; Sturchio, Neil C. 1; Email Address: Sturchio@uic.edu; Orlandini, Kent 1; Cheng, Likwan 1; Teng, Henry 1; Fenter, Paul 1; Bedzyk, Michael J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4843.; Issue Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 19, p5078; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: CARBONATE minerals; Subject Term: ROCK-forming minerals; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE polymers; Subject Term: CALCIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duff, M. C.
AU  - Hunter, D. B.
AU  - Hobbs, D. T.
AU  - Fink, S. D.
AU  - Dai, Z.
AU  - Bradley, J. P.
T1  - Mechanisms of Strontium and Uranium Removal from High-Level Radioactive Waste Simulant Solutions by the Sorbent Monosodium Titanate.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5201
EP  - 5207
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - High-level waste (HLW) is a waste associated with the dissolution of spent nuclear fuel for the recovery of weapons-grade material. It is the priority problem for the U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Management Program. Current HLW treatment processes at the Savannah River Site (Aiken, SC) include the use of monosodium titanate (MST, with a similar stoichiometry to NaTi2O5·xH2O) to concentrate strontium (Sr) and actinides. The high affinity of MST for Sr and actinides in HLW solutions rich in Na+ is poorly understood. Mechanistic information about the nature of radionuclide uptake will provide insight about MST treatment reliability. Our study characterized the morphology of MST and the chemistry of sorbed Sr2+ and uranium [U(Vl)] as uranyl ion, UO22+, on MST, which were added (individually) from stock solutions of Sr and 238U(VI) with spectroscopic and transmission electron microscopic techniques. The local structure of sorbed U varied with loading, but the local structure of Sr did not vary with loading. Sorbed Sr exhibited specific adsorption as partially hydrated species whereas sorbed U exhibited specific adsorption as monomeric and dimeric U(Vl)-carbonate complexes. Sorption proved site specific. These differences in site specificity and sorption mechanism may account for the difficulties associated with predicting Sr and U loading and removal kinetics using MST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ACTIVITY coefficients
N1  - Accession Number: 14719768; Duff, M. C. 1; Email Address: martine.duff@srs.gov.; Hunter, D. B. 1; Hobbs, D. T. 1; Fink, S. D. 1; Dai, Z. 1; Bradley, J. P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC), Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL), Aiken, South Carolina 29808, and MVA Incorporated, 5500 Oakbrook Parkway, Norcross, Georgia 30093; Issue Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 19, p5201; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ACTIVITY coefficients; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macleod, Matthew
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
T1  - MULTIMEDIA PERSISTENCE AS AN INDICATOR OF POTENTIAL FOR POPULATION LEVEL INTAKE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2465
EP  - 2472
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Although intuitively it is apparent that population-level exposure to contaminants dispersed in the environment must be related to the persistence of the contaminant, there has been little effort to quantify this link formally. In this paper we investigate the relationship between overall persistence and/or overall residence time in a multimedia exposure environment and the population level intake of contaminants as expressed by intake fraction (iF), the cumulative fraction of chemical emitted to the environment that is taken up by members of the population. We demonstrate that for any given contaminant and emission scenario the definition of iF implies that it is directly proportional to the overall multimedia persistence (POV), or the overall multimedia residence time (TOV). The proportionality constant has dimensions of time and represents the characteristic time for population intake (CTI) of the chemical from the environment. We then apply the CalTOX fate and exposure model to explore how TOV and CTI combine to determine the magnitude of iF. We find that CTI has a narrow range of possible values relative to TOV across multiple chemicals and emissions scenarios. We use data from the Canadian Environmental Protection Act Priority Substance List (PSL1) Assessments and multimedia POV to show that exposure assessments based on empirical observation are consistent with interpretations from the model. Results indicate that POV derived from screening-level assessments of persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity (PBT) is a useful indicator of the potential for population-level exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Population
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Pollution control industry
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Characteristic time/intake
KW  - Exposure model
KW  - Fugacity
KW  - Intake fraction
KW  - Persistence
N1  - Accession Number: 22126102; Macleod, Matthew 1; Email Address: mjmacleod@lbl.gov; McKone, Thomas E. 1,2; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; 2 : School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p2465; Thesaurus Term: Population; Thesaurus Term: Environmental law; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Pollution control industry; Thesaurus Term: Biochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Characteristic time/intake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fugacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intake fraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Persistence; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mcdowell, N. G.
AU  - Bowling, D. R.
AU  - Schauer, A.
AU  - Irvine, J.
AU  - Bond, B. J.
AU  - Law, B. E.
AU  - Ehleringer, J. R.
T1  - Associations between carbon isotope ratios of ecosystem respiration, water availability and canopy conductance.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1767
EP  - 1784
SN  - 13541013
AB  - We tested the hypothesis that the stable carbon isotope signature of ecosystem respiration (δ13CR) was regulated by canopy conductance (Gc) using weekly Keeling plots (n=51) from a semiarid old-growth ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest in Oregon, USA. For a comparison of forests in two contrasting climates we also evaluated trends inδ13CR from a wet 20-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) plantation located near the Pacific Ocean. Intraannual variability inδ13CR was greater than 8.0‰ at both sites, was highest during autumn, winter, and spring when rainfall was abundant, and lowest during summer drought. Theδ13CR of the dry pine forest was consistently more positive than the wetter Douglas-fir forest (mean annualδ13CR:−25.41‰ vs.−26.23‰, respectively,P=0.07). At the Douglas-fir forest,δ13CR–climate relationships were consistent with predictions based on stomatal regulation of carbon isotope discrimination (Δ). Soil water content (SWC) and vapor pressure deficit (vpd) were the most important factors governingδ13CR in this forest throughout the year. In contrast,δ13CR at the pine forest was relatively insensitive toSWCorvpd, and exhibited a smaller drought-related enrichment (∼2‰) than the enrichment observed during drought at the Douglas-fir forest (∼5‰). Groundwater access at the pine forest may buffer canopy–gas exchange from drought. Despite this potential buffering,δ13CR at the pine forest was significantly but weakly related to canopy conductance (Gc), suggesting thatδ13CR remains coupled to canopy–gas exchange despite groundwater access. During drought,δ13CR was strongly correlated with soil temperature at both forests. The hypothesis that canopy-level physiology is a critical regulator ofδ13CR was supported; however, belowground respiration may become more important during rain-free periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biology
KW  - Ecophysiology
KW  - Plant ecophysiology
KW  - carbon isotopes
KW  - climate
KW  - ecosystem respiration
KW  - Keeling plot
KW  - Pinus ponderosa
KW  - Pseudotsuga menziesii
KW  - stomatal conductance
N1  - Accession Number: 14603409; Mcdowell, N. G. 1; Email Address: mcdowell@lanl.gov; Bowling, D. R. 2; Schauer, A. 2; Irvine, J. 3; Bond, B. J. 3; Law, B. E. 3; Ehleringer, J. R. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-D462 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2 : Stable Isotope Ratio Facility for Environmental Research, Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; 3 : Department of Forest Science, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p1767; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biology; Thesaurus Term: Ecophysiology; Thesaurus Term: Plant ecophysiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Keeling plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus ponderosa; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudotsuga menziesii; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00837.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, S. B.
AU  - Janotti, A.
AU  - Wei, S.-H.
AU  - Van De Walle, C. G.
T1  - Physics of defects and hydrogen in dilute nitrides.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 151
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
EP  - 377
SN  - 13502433
AB  - The article reports that dilute nitrides are emerging materials for optoelectronics. These materials provide the opportunity to study semiconductor alloys where atoms of very large size mismatch are mixed purposely by modern epitaxial growth techniques. Extensive efforts have been made towards the understanding of the electronic properties of such alloys, in which size-mismatch-induced spatial localisation of the electronic states appears to have played a very important role, in contrast to conventional alloys. In comparison, however, relatively little progress has been made towards the understanding of the defect and impurity properties in this class of materials despite the fact that such studies are essential for realising the vast technological potential of dilute nitrides.
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 15285516; Zhang, S. B. 1; Janotti, A. 1; Wei, S.-H. 1; Van De Walle, C. G. 2; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA.; 2: Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 151 Issue 5, p369; Thesaurus Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-opt:20041037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Scarpulla, M. A.
AU  - Dubon, O. D
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Beeman, J. W.
AU  - Becla, P.
T1  - Synthesis and properties of highly mismatched II-O-VI alloys.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 151
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 452
EP  - 459
SN  - 13502433
AB  - The article reports that group II-O-VI semiconductors with the anions partially replaced by highly electronegative isoelectronic O atoms are a direct analogue of the extensively studied dilute nitrides. It has been suggested and experimentally demonstrated that the electronic band structure of such highly mismatched alloys (HMAs) is determined by the anticrossing interaction between localised O or N states and the extended states of the semiconductor matrix. These results have important implications for the existing theoretical models of the electronic structure of the highly mismatched alloys.
KW  - HIGH technology industries
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 15287952; Yu, K. M. 1; Walukiewicz, W. 1; Scarpulla, M. A. 1,2; Dubon, O. D 1,2; Shan, W. 1; Wu, J. 1; Beeman, J. W. 1; Becla, P. 3; Affiliations: 1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 151 Issue 5, p452; Thesaurus Term: HIGH technology industries; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-opt:20040932
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
T1  - Mutual passivation effects in highly mismatched group III-V-N alloys.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 151
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 460
EP  - 464
SN  - 13502433
AB  - The article reports on mutual passivation effects in highly mismatched group III-V-N alloys. Indium was introduced to compensate the N-induced lattice contraction. Si dopants were introduced during the growth. The epitaxially grown samples were rapidly thermally annealed (RTA) in a flowing N2 ambient in the temperature range 550-950 degrees centigrade for 10-120 s with the sample surface protected by a blank GaAs water. The bandgaps of the films were measured by photomodulated reflectance spectroscopy at room temperature using a chopped HeCd laser beam for modulation.
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15287986; Wu, J. 1; Yu, K. M. 1; Walukiewicz, W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 151 Issue 5, p460; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-opt:20040933
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsueh-Yuan Pao
AU  - Zhaohui Zhu
AU  - Dvorak, Steven L.
T1  - Exact, Closed-Form Representations for the Time-Domain Surface Impedances of a Homogeneous, Lossy HaIf-Space.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
PY  - 2004/10//
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 52
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2659
EP  - 2665
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - In this paper, we derive exact, closed-form representations for the transverse electric and transverse magnetic time- domain, surface impedances associated with a plane wave that is obliquely incident on a homogeneous, lossy half-space. The time- domain surface impedances are expressed in terms of modified Bessel functions and incomplete Lipschitz-Hankel integrals. The limitations on the validity of a previously published approximate expression are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC impedance
KW  - CONTACT transformations
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - SHEAR waves
KW  - TIME-domain analysis
KW  - INTEGRALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14753241; Source Information: Oct2004, Vol. 52 Issue 10, p2659; Subject Term: ELECTRIC impedance; Subject Term: CONTACT transformations; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: SHEAR waves; Subject Term: TIME-domain analysis; Subject Term: INTEGRALS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 7p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.11091TAP.2004. 834460
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rieben, Robert N.
AU  - White, Daniel A.
AU  - Rodrigue, Garry H.
T1  - Improved Conditioning of Finite Element Matrices Using New High-Order Interpolatory Bases.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
PY  - 2004/10//
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 52
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2675
EP  - 2683
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - The condition number of finite element matrices constructed from interpolatory bases will grow as the polynomial degree of the basis functions is increased. The worst case scenario for this growth rate is exponential and in this paper we demonstrate through computational example that the traditional set of uniformly distributed interpolation points yields this behavior. We propose a set of nonuniform interpolation points which yield a much improved polynomial growth rate of condition number. These points can be used to construct several types of popular hexahedral basis functions including the 0-form (standard Lagrangian), 1-form (Curl conforming), and 2-form (Divergence conforming) varieties. We demonstrate through computational example the benefits of using these new interpolatory bases in finite element solutions to Maxwell's equations in both the frequency and time domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MAXWELL equations
KW  - TIME-domain analysis
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14753243; Source Information: Oct2004, Vol. 52 Issue 10, p2675; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Subject Term: TIME-domain analysis; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 9p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.11 09/TAP.2004.834387
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chanchio, Kasidit
AU  - Sun, Xian-He
T1  - Communication State Transfer for the Mobility of Concurrent Heterogeneous Computing.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Computers
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Computers
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 53
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1260
EP  - 1273
SN  - 00189340
AB  - In a dynamic environment where a process can migrate from one host to another host, communication state transfer is a key issue of process coordination. This paper presents a set of data communication and process migration protocols to support communication state transfer in a dynamic, distributed parallel environment. The protocols preserve the semantics of point-to-point communication; they guarantee message delivery, maintain message ordering, and do not introduce deadlock when blocking send or receive operations are performed during process migration. Analytical proofs and prototype implementation are conducted to confirm the correctness of the protocols. Analytical and experimental results show the proposed design is valid and has a true potential in network computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Computers is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers)
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - COMPUTER network protocols
KW  - STANDARDS
KW  - Communication protocol
KW  - distributed and parallel processing
KW  - point-to-point communication
KW  - process migration
N1  - Accession Number: 14421240; Chanchio, Kasidit 1; Email Address: chanchiok@ornl.gov.; Sun, Xian-He 2; Email Address: sun@cs.iit.edu.; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P0 Box 2008, Building 5600, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6016.; 2: Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 W. 31st St., Chicago, IL 60616; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 53 Issue 10, p1260; Thesaurus Term: PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers); Thesaurus Term: HIGH performance computing; Thesaurus Term: DATA transmission systems; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER network protocols; Thesaurus Term: STANDARDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Communication protocol; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed and parallel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: point-to-point communication; Author-Supplied Keyword: process migration; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arghavani, R.
AU  - Yuan, Z.
AU  - Ingle, N.
AU  - Jung, K-B
AU  - Seamons, M.
AU  - Venkataraman, S.
AU  - Banthia, V.
AU  - Lilja, K.
AU  - Leon, P.
AU  - Karunasiri, G.
AU  - Yoon, S.
AU  - Mascarenhas, A.
T1  - Stress Management in Sub-90-nm Transistor Architecture.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
PY  - 2004/10//
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 51
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1740
EP  - 1746
SN  - 00189383
AB  - This brief focuses on the physical characteristics of three dielectric films which can induce a significant degree of tensile or compressive stress in the channel of a sub-90-nm node MOS structure. Manufacturable and highly reliable oxide films have demonstrated, based on simulation, the ability to induce greater than 1.5-GPa tensile stress in the Si channel, when used as shallow trench isolation (STI) fill. Low-temperature blanket nitride films with a stress range of 2 GPa compressive to greater than 1.4 GPa tensile were also developed to enhance performance in both PMOS and NMOS devices. Combined with a tensile first interlayer dielectric film, the stress management and optimization of the above films can yield significant performance improvement without additional cost, or integration complexities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - TRANSISTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14674541; Source Information: Oct2004, Vol. 51 Issue 10, p1740; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 7p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TED.2004.835993
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14674541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Yong
AU  - Goldgof, Dmitry B.
AU  - Sarkar, Sudeep
AU  - Tsap, Leonid V.
T1  - A Modeling Approach for Burn Scar Assessment Using Natural Features and Elastic Property.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
J1  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
PY  - 2004/10//
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1325
EP  - 1329
SN  - 02780062
AB  - A modeling approach is presented for quantitative burn scar assessment. Emphases are given to: 1) constructing a finite-element mode) from natural image features with an adaptive mesh and 2) quantifying the Young's modulus of scars using the finite-element model and regularization method, A set of natural point features is extracted from the images of burn patients. A Delaunay triangle mesh is then generated that adapts to the point features. A three-dimensional finite-element model is built on top of the mesh with the aid of range images providing the depth information. The Young's modulus of scars is quantified with a simplified regularization functional, assuming that the knowledge of the scar's geometry is available. The consistency between the relative elasticity index and the physician's rating based on the Vancouver scale (a relative scale used to rate burn scars) indicates that the proposed modeling approach has high potential for image-based quantitative burn scar assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BURNS & scalds
KW  - SCARS
KW  - PATIENTS
KW  - PHYSICIANS
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - WOUNDS & injuries
N1  - Accession Number: 14724904; Source Information: Oct2004, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p1325; Subject Term: BURNS & scalds; Subject Term: SCARS; Subject Term: PATIENTS; Subject Term: PHYSICIANS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 5p; ; Document Type: Article; 
L3  - 10.1109/TMI.2004.834625
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mth&AN=14724904&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J.-P. Walder
AU  - G. Chao
AU  - Genat, J.-F.
AU  - Karcher, A.
AU  - Krieger, B.
AU  - Kurz, S.
AU  - Steckert, J.
AU  - Der Lippe, H. Von
T1  - A Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range M.ultigain Signal Processor for the SNAP CCD.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1936
EP  - 1941
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A four-channel custom chip designed for reading out the CCDs of the proposed SNAP satellite visible Imager is presented. Each channel consists of a single-ended to differential converter followed by a correlated double sampler and a novel multi-slope integrator. The output signal is differentially brought out of the chip by an output buffer This circuit is designed to operate at room temperature for test purpose and at 140 K which will be the operating temperature The readout speed is 101 kHz. The 16-bit dynamic range Is covered using 3 pins each with a 124K signal to noise ratio. The prototype chip,  implemented in a 0.25 μm CMOS technology, has measured readout noise of 7 μV rms at 100 kHz readout, speed, a measured nonlinearity of  plusmn;0.0025% and a power consumption of 6.5 mW, with a 3.3 V supply voltage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 16259942; J.-P. Walder 1; Email Address: jpwalder@lbl.gov; G. Chao 1; Genat, J.-F. 2; Karcher, A. 1; Krieger, B. 1; Kurz, S. 1; Steckert, J. 1; Der Lippe, H. Von 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720 USA; 2: Laboratoire Physique Nucleaire Haute Energies (LPNHE) Paris VI, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1936; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Thesaurus Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Thesaurus Term: PROTOTYPES; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834717
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259942&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krieger, B.
AU  - Alfonsi, S.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Centro, S.
AU  - Christofek, L.
AU  - Garcia-Sciveres, M.
AU  - Haber, C.
AU  - Hanagaki, K.
AU  - Hoff, J.
AU  - Johnson, M.
AU  - Von Der Lippe, H.
AU  - Lujan, P.
AU  - Mandelli, E.
AU  - Meng, G.
AU  - Noerotski, A.
AU  - Pellet, D.
AU  - Rapidis, P.
AU  - Utes, M.
AU  - Walder, J. -P.
AU  - Weber, M.
T1  - SVX4: A New Deep-Submicron Readout IC for the Tevatron Collider at Fermilab.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1968
EP  - 1973
SN  - 00189499
AB  - SVX4 is the new silicon strip readout IC designed to meet the increased radiation tolerance requirements for Run IIB at the Tevatron collider. Devices have been fabricated, tested, and approved for production. The SVX4 design is a technology migration of the SVX3D design currently in used by CDF. Whereas  SVC3D was fabricated in a 0.8-μm radiation-hard process, SVC4 was fabricated in a standard 0.25-μm mixed-signal CMOS technology using the "radiation tolerant by design" transistor topologles devised by the CERN RD49 collaboration. The specific cell layouts include digital cells developed by the ATLAS Pixel group, and full-custom analog blocks. Unlike its predecessors, the new design also includes the necessary features required for generic use by both the CDF and D0 experiments at Fermillab. Performance of the IC includes > 20 MRad total dose tolerance, and ∼2000 e-rms equivalent input noise charge with 40-pF input capacitance, when sampled at 132-ns period with an 80-ns preamp risetime. At the nominal digitize/readout rate of 106/53 MHz, the 9 mm × 6.3 mm die dissipates ∼2 mW/channel average at 2.5 V. A review of typical operation, details of the design conversion process, and performance measurements are covered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - ELECTRIC capacity
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 16259947; Krieger, B. 1; Alfonsi, S. 2,3; Bacchetta, N. 3; Centro, S. 2,3; Christofek, L. 4; Garcia-Sciveres, M. 1; Haber, C. 1; Hanagaki, K. 5; Hoff, J. 5; Johnson, M. 5; Von Der Lippe, H. 1; Lujan, P. 1; Mandelli, E. 1; Meng, G. 2,3; Noerotski, A. 5; Pellet, D. 6; Rapidis, P. 5; Utes, M. 5; Walder, J. -P. 1; Weber, M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 2: University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; 3: INFN-Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; 4: University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.; 5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 6: University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1968; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC capacity; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors ; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259947&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratte, J.-F.
AU  - Robert, S.
AU  - De Geronimo, G.
AU  - O'Connor, P.
AU  - Stoll, S.
AU  - Pepin, C. M.
AU  - Fontaine, R.
AU  - Lecomte, R.
T1  - Design and Performance of 0.18-μm CMOS Charge Preamplifiers for APD-Based PET Scanners.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1979
EP  - 1985
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The CMOS 0.18-μm technology was investigated for two analog front-end projects: the low-power budget rat-head mounted miniature rat conscious animal PET (RatCAP) scanner, and the high-performance, low-noise, high-rate PET/CT application. The first VLSI prototypes consist d of 1- and 5-mW charge sensitive preamplifiers (CSP) based on a modified e telescopic architecture. Characterization of the rise time, linearity dynamic range, equivalent noise charge (ENC), timing resolution and energy resolution are reported and discussed. When connected to an APD-LSO detector, time resolutions of 2.49 and 1.56 us full-width half-maximum (FWHM) were achieved by the 1- and S-mW CSPS, respectively. Both CSPs make it possible to achieve performance characteristics that are adequate for PET imaging. Experimental results indicate that the CMOS 0.18-μm technology is suitable for both the low-power and the high-performance PET front-end applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - SCANNING systems
KW  - PET (Computer)
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
KW  - ANALOG computers
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
N1  - Accession Number: 16259949; Pratte, J.-F. 1; Email Address: jfpratte@bnk.gov; Robert, S. 2; De Geronimo, G. 1; O'Connor, P. 1; Stoll, S. 1; Pepin, C. M. 2; Fontaine, R. 2; Lecomte, R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA; 2: Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R2, Canada; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1979; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; Subject Term: PET (Computer); Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; Subject Term: ANALOG computers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836120
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259949&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hagmann, Chris
AU  - Bernstein, Adam
T1  - Two-Phase Emission Detector for Measuring Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2151
EP  - 2155
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Coherent scattering is a flavor-blind, high-rate, as yet undetected neutrino interaction predicted by the Standard Model. We propose to use a compact (kg-scale), two-phase (liquid-gas) argon ionization detector to measure coherent neutrino scattering off nuclei. In our approach, neutrino-induced nuclear recoils in the liquid produce a weak ionization signal, which is transported into a gas under the influence of an electric field, amplified via electroluminescence, and detected by phototubes or avalanche diodes. This paper describes the features of the detector, and estimates signal and background rates for a reactor neutrino source. Relatively compact detectors of this type, capable of detecting coherent scattering, offer a new approach to flavor-blind detection of man- made and astronomical neutrinos, and may allow development of compact neutrino detectors capable of nonintrusive real-time monitoring of fissile material in reactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - COMPACTING
KW  - AVALANCHE diodes
KW  - COMPRESSIBILITY
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16259978; Hagmann, Chris 1; Email Address: hagmann1@llnl.gov; Bernstein, Adam 1; Email Address: bernstein3@illnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2151; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: COMPACTING; Subject Term: AVALANCHE diodes; Subject Term: COMPRESSIBILITY; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259978&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thrqueti, M.
AU  - Cihangir, S.
AU  - Kwan, S.
AU  - Appel, J. A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Christian, D. C.
AU  - Hall, B. K.
AU  - Zimmermann, S.
T1  - Study of Temperature Dependence of Bump Bonding for the BTeV Pixel Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2161
EP  - 2167
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The pixel detector proposed for the BTeV experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron will use bump-bonding technology based on either Indium or Pb/Sn solder to connect the front-end readout chips to the silicon pixel sensors. We have studied the behavior of the bumps by visual inspection of the bumps bonding silicon sensor modules to dummy chips made out of glass. The studies were done before and after thermal cycles, exposure to intense irradiation, and with the assemblies glued to a graphite substrate. We have also carried out studies on effects of temperature changes on both types of bump bonds by observing the responses of single-chip pixel detectors to a 90Sr source. We report the results from these studies as well as the noise and threshold behavior of the pixel readout at various temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SEALING (Technology)
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
N1  - Accession Number: 16259980; Thrqueti, M. 1; Email Address: turqueti@fnal.gov; Cihangir, S. 1; Kwan, S. 1; Appel, J. A. 1; Cardoso, G. 1; Christian, D. C. 1; Hall, B. K. 1; Zimmermann, S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2161; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SEALING (Technology); Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834709
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259980&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Andresen, J.
AU  - Appel, J. A.
AU  - Christian, D. C.
AU  - Hall, B. K.
AU  - Kwan, S. W.
AU  - Turqueti, M. A.
AU  - Zimmermann, S.
T1  - Pixel Multichip Module Design for a High Energy Physics Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2168
EP  - 2173
SN  - 00189499
AB  - At Fermilab, a pixel detector multichip module is being developed for the BTeV experiment The module Is composed of three layers. The lowest layer is formed by the readout integrated, circuits (ICs). The back of the ICs is in thermal contact with the supporting structure, while the top is flip-chip bump-bonded to the pixel sensor. A low mass flex-circuit Inter connect is glued on the top of this assembly, and the readout IC pads are wire-bounded to the circuit. This paper presents recent results on the development of a multichip module prototype and summarizes Its performance characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - PARTICLE physics
KW  - REDUCED instruction set computers
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16259981; Cardoso, G. 1; Email Address: cardoso@fnal.gov; Andresen, J. 1; Appel, J. A. 1; Christian, D. C. 1; Hall, B. K. 1; Kwan, S. W. 1; Turqueti, M. A. 1; Zimmermann, S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 2: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2168; Thesaurus Term: PROTOTYPES; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: PARTICLE physics; Subject Term: REDUCED instruction set computers; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836059
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259981&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Andresen, J.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Derylo, G.
AU  - Flaugher, B.
AU  - Franzen, J.
AU  - Lu, R.-S.
AU  - Pavlicek, V.
AU  - Zimmermann, S.
T1  - Polyimide and BeO Mini Port Card Performance Comparison for CDF Run IIb.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2174
EP  - 2180
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The new silicon detector design for CDF riles on advanced packaging solutions in order to attain the strict small size and low mass requirements dictated by the experiment's physics program. The silicon strip detector at CDF is composed of over laying silicon sensors in the form of a barrel around the colliding beam. The electronic instrumentation (sensors, readout, and transceiver chips) is assembled into the staves of this barrel. In this paper we describe the development of the mini port card (MPC). The MPC Is located at one of the ends of the stave, and it is responsible for signal translation and repetition from the readout chips to and from the data acquisition system (DAQ). The MPC's development has taken two approaches that use different technologies. One of the approaches uses BeO as the board substrate (BeO-MPC), while the other approach uses a hybrid rigid-flexible polylmide substrate (Poly-MPC). We present test results of pre-production parts, each one assembled with a different MPC packaging technology. Complete thermal and electrical characterization of the MPC is shown, and the advantages and disadvantages of both. technologies, as well as their Influence in the overall system performance, are presented [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PACKAGING
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - RADIO transmitter-receivers
KW  - INERTIA (Mechanics)
KW  - MASS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16259982; Cardoso, G. 1; Email Address: cardoso@fnal.gov; Andresen, J. 1; Aoki, M. 2; Bacchetta, N. 3; Behari, S. 4; Derylo, G. 1; Flaugher, B. 1; Franzen, J. 1; Lu, R.-S. 5; Pavlicek, V. 1; Zimmermann, S. 6; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 2: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan; 3: Universita' di Padova and INFN-Padova, Padova 35131, Italy; 4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA; 5: Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, R.O.C.; 6: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2174; Thesaurus Term: PACKAGING; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: RADIO transmitter-receivers; Subject Term: INERTIA (Mechanics); Subject Term: MASS (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541420 Industrial Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561910 Packaging and Labeling Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259982&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klyukhin, V. I.
AU  - Campi, D.
AU  - Curé, B.
AU  - Gaddi, A.
AU  - Gerwig, H.
AU  - Grillet, J. P.
AU  - Hervé, A.
AU  - Loveless, R.
AU  - Smith, R. P.
T1  - Developing the Technique of Measurements of Magnetic Field in the CMS Steel Yoke Elements With Flux-Loops and Hall Probes.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2187
EP  - 2192
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Compact muon solenoid (CMS) is a general-purpose detector designed to run at the highest luminosity at the CERN large hadron coffider (LHC). Its distinctive features include a 4 T superconducting solenoid with 6 m diameter by 12.5 m long free bore, enclosed inside a 10000-ton return yoke made of construction steel. Accurate characterization of the magnetic field every- where in the CMS detector, including the large ferromagnetic parts of the yoke, is required. To measure the field in and around ferromagnetic parts, a set of flux-loops and Hall probe sensors will be installed on several of the steel pieces. Fast discharges of the solenoid during system commissioning tests will be used to induce voltages in the flux-loops that can be integrated to measure the flux in the steel at full excitation of the solenoid. The Hall sensors will give supplementary information on the axial magnetic field and permit estimation of the permanent field in the steel after the fast discharge. An experimental R&D program has been undertaken, using a test flux-loop, two Hall sensors, and sample disks made from the same construction steel used for the CMS magnet yoke. A sample disc, assembled with the test flux-loop and the Hall sensors, was inserted between the pole tips of a dipole electromagnet equipped with a computer-controlled power supply to measure the excitation of the steel from full saturation to zero field. The results of the measurements are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - STEEL
KW  - ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16259984; Klyukhin, V. I. 1,2; Email Address: Vyacheslav.Klyukhin@cern.ch; Campi, D. 2; Curé, B. 2; Gaddi, A. 2; Gerwig, H. 2; Grillet, J. P. 2; Hervé, A. 2; Loveless, R. 3; Smith, R. P. 4; Email Address: rpsmith@fnal.gov; Affiliations: 1: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, RU- 119992, Russia; 2: CERN, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland; 3: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA; 4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, 1L 6051040-500 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2187; Thesaurus Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834722
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259984&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramberg, Erik
AU  - Cooper, Peter
AU  - Tschirhart, Robert
T1  - A Photon Veto Detector for the CKM Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2201
EP  - 2204
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Fermilab experiment E921, or Charged Kaons at the Main Injector (CKM), will measure the branching ratio of the ultrarare kaon decay: K+ → π+ .γ To do this, CKM will need to reject the far more copious decay K+  → π+πo → π+ γby a factor of more than 10 billion. Much of this rejection will come from the detection of either or both of the photons by our photon veto system. The main CKM photon veto system is based on 80-layer sandwiches of 1-mm Pb and 5-mm fast scintillator with wavelength shifting fibers inside a vacuum decay volume, read out with photomultipiler tubes outside the vacuum. We describe the design of the CKM photon veto system and the testing of a prototype in an electron beam at Jefferson National Laboratory, demon- strafing an order of magnitude better performance than the required 3 × 10-5 inefficiency for a 1 GeV electromagnetic shower [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTON detectors
KW  - KAONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - ELECTRON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 16259987; Ramberg, Erik 1; Cooper, Peter 1; Tschirhart, Robert 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois, 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2201; Subject Term: PHOTON detectors; Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836738
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259987&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Binkley, M.
AU  - Mukherjee, A.
AU  - Stuermer, W.
AU  - Wagner, R. L.
T1  - High-Voltage Crowbar Protection for the Large CDF Axial Drift Chamber.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2205
EP  - 2208
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The central outer tracker (COT) is a big cylindrical drift chamber that provides charged particle tracking for the collider detector at Fermilab experiment. To protect the COT, the large stored energy in the high-voltage (HV) system needs to be removed quickly when a problem is sensed. For the HIT switch, a special-order sllicon-controlled-rectifier was chosen over more readily available Integrated gate bipolar transistors because of layout and reliability questions. The considerations concerning the HIV switch, the prototype performance, and the experience of more than two years of running are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - NUCLEAR track detectors
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - BIPOLAR transistors
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 16259988; Binkley, M. 1; Email Address: binkley@fnal.gov; Mukherjee, A. 1; Email Address: mukherjee@fnal.gov; Stuermer, W. 1; Email Address: stuermer@fnal.gov; Wagner, R. L. 1; Email Address: wagner@fnal.gov; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2205; Thesaurus Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR track detectors; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: BIPOLAR transistors; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS ; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835558
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259988&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, R.-S.
AU  - Akimoto, T.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Hara, K.
AU  - Kim, S.
AU  - Azzi, P.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Manea, C.
AU  - Merkel, P.
AU  - Pantano, D.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Pursley, J.
AU  - Maksimovic, P.
AU  - Schuyler, B.
AU  - Nord, B.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
T1  - CDF Run IIb Silicon: Design am! Testing.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2209
EP  - 2214
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The various generations of Silicon Vertex Detectors (SVX, SVX', SVXII) for Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) at the Fermilab Tevatron have been fundamental tools for heavy-flavor tagging via secondary vertex detection. The CDF Run llb Silicon Vertex Detector (SVXIIb) has been designed to be a radiation-tolerant replacement for the currently installed SVXII because SVXII was not expected to survive the Tevatron luminosity anticipated for Run IIb. One major change in the new design is the use of a single mechanical and electrical element throughout the array. This element called a stave, carries six single-sided silicon sensors on each side and is built using carbon fiber skins with a high thermal conductivity on a foam core with a built-In cooling channel. A. Kapton bus cable carries power, data and control signals underneath the silicon sensors on each side of the stave. Sensors are read out in pairs via a ceramic hybrid glued on one of the sensors and equipped with four SVX4 readout chips. This new design concept leads to a very compact mechanical and electrical unit, allowing streamlined production and ease of testing and installation. A description of the design and mechanical performance of the stave is given. Results on the electrical performance obtained using prototype staves are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - VERTEX detectors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16259989; Lu, R.-S. 1; Email Address: rslu@fnal.gov; Akimoto, T. 2; Aoki, M. 2; Hara, K. 2; Kim, S. 2; Azzi, P. 3; Bacchetta, N. 3; Bisello, D. 3; Busetto, G. 3; Cabrera, S. 3; Manea, C. 3; Merkel, P. 3,4,5,6; Pantano, D. 3; Wang, Z. 3; Behari, S. 7; Pursley, J. 7; Maksimovic, P. 7; Schuyler, B. 7; Nord, B. 7; Benjamin, D. 8; Affiliations: 1: Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 2: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.; 3: Universita' di Padova and INF-Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy.; 4: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 5: Universita' di Padova and INF-Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; 6: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 7: The Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 8: Duke University; Durham, NC 27708 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2209; Thesaurus Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: VERTEX detectors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY -- Instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835715
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259989&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Merkel, P.
AU  - Azzi, P.
AU  - Bacehetta, N.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Hara, K.
AU  - Kim, S.
AU  - Manea, C.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Maksimovic, P.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Kruse, M.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Bortoletto, D.
AU  - Canepa, A.
AU  - Fernandez, J.P.
AU  - Booth, P.
AU  - Cooke, P.
T1  - CDF Run IIb Silicon Detector: The Innermost Layer.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2215
EP  - 22219
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The innermost layer (L00) of the Run IIa silocon detector of CDF was planned to be replaced for the high luminosity Tevatron upgrade of Run fib. This new silicon layer (IA)) Is des signed to be a radiation tolerant replacement for the otherwise very similar L00 from Run Ha. The data are read out via long, fine-pitch, low-mass cables allowing the hybrids with the chips to sit at higher z(∼ 70 cm), outside of the tracking volume. The design and first results from the prototyping phase are presented. Special focus is placed on the amount and the structure of induced noise as well as signal-to-noise values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CABLES
KW  - NOISE
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16259990; Merkel, P. 1,2; Azzi, P. 3; Bacehetta, N. 3; Bisello, D. 3; Busetto, G. 3; Hara, K. 3; Kim, S. 3; Manea, C. 3; Wang, Z. 3; Behari, S. 4; Maksimovic, P. 4; Benjamin, D. 5; Cabrera, S. 5; Kruse, M. 5; Bolla, G. 6; Bortoletto, D. 6; Canepa, A. 6; Fernandez, J.P. 6; Booth, P. 7; Cooke, P. 7; Affiliations: 1: Universita' di Padova and INP-Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy.; 2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 3: Universita di Padova and INFN, Padova, Italy.; 4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 5: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; 6: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; 7: University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, U.K.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2215; Thesaurus Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CABLES; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332619 Other fabricated wire product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332618 Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835876
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259990&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karcher, Armin
AU  - Bebek, Christopher J.
AU  - Kolbe, William F.
AU  - Maurath, Dominic
AU  - Prasad, Valmiki
AU  - Uslenghi, Michela
AU  - Wagner, Martin
T1  - Measurement of Lateral Charge Diffusion in Thick, Fully Depleted, Back-Illuminated CCDs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2231
EP  - 2237
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Lateral charge diffusion in back-illuminated CCDs directly affects the point spread function (PSF) and spatial resolution of an imaging device. This can be of particular concern in thick, back-illuminated CCDs. We describe a technique of measuring this diffusion and present PSF measurements for an 800 × 1100, 15 μm pixel, 280 μm thick, back-illuminated, p-channel CCD that can be over-depleted. The PSF is measured over a wavelength range of 450 nm to 650 nm and at substrate bias voltages between 6 V and 80 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SIGNAL processing
N1  - Accession Number: 16259993; Karcher, Armin 1; Bebek, Christopher J. 1; Email Address: cjebek@lbl.gov; Kolbe, William F. 1; Maurath, Dominic 2; Prasad, Valmiki 1; Uslenghi, Michela 3; Wagner, Martin 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 2: Department of Sensorsystem Technology, Fachhochshule Karlsruhe, Hochschule für Technik, 76012 Karlsruhe, Germany; 3: Instituto di Fisica Cosmica, 1-20133 Milano, Italy; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2231; Thesaurus Term: POWER resources; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834721
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259993&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ziock, Klaus P.
AU  - Craig, William W.
AU  - Fabris, Lorenzo
AU  - Lanza, Richard C.
AU  - Gallagher, Shawn
AU  - Horn, Berthold K. P.
AU  - Madden, Norm W.
T1  - Large Area Imaging Detector for Long-Range, Passive Detection of Fissile Material.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2238
EP  - 2244
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Recent events highlight the increased risk of a terrorist attack using either a nuclear or a radiological weapon. One of the key needs to counter such a threat is long-range detection of nuclear material. Theoretically, gamma-ray emissions from such material should allow passive detection to distances greater than 100 m. However, detection at this range has long been thought impractical due to spatially fluctuating levels of natural background radiation. These fluctuations are the major source of uncertainty in detection and mean that sensitivity cannot be increased simply by increasing detector size. Recent work, has shown that this problem can be overcome through the use of Imaging techniques. In this paper we describe the background problems, the advantages of Imaging and, the construction of a prototype, large-area (0.57 m2) gamma-ray Imager to detect nuclear materials at distances of ∼ 100 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - RADIOLOGY
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - NUCLEAR chemistry
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 16259994; Ziock, Klaus P. 1; Email Address: ziock1@llnl.gov; Craig, William W. 1; Fabris, Lorenzo 1; Lanza, Richard C. 2; Gallagher, Shawn 2; Horn, Berthold K. P. 2; Email Address: bkph@ai.mit.edu; Madden, Norm W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; 2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2238; Thesaurus Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR chemistry; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836117
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16259994&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephens Jr., Daniel L.
AU  - Peurrung, Anthony J.
T1  - Detection of Moving Radioactive Sources Using Sensor Networks.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2273
EP  - 2278
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A variety of recent applications have led to a great interest in the development and application of sensor networks with the goal of providing more effective detection of moving radioactive sources. This paper endeavors to analyze and evaluate the costs and benefits associated with the use of a network of radiation detection for applications involving the detection of a moving radioactive source. This analysis is restricted to the one-dimensional case, i.e., to the case where the moving source is constrained to move along a single path. It is found that the relative advantage resulting from sensor dispersal depends upon the goals, objectives, and constraints of the measurement scenario. The dispersal of sensors into a network may be advisable or required for operational reasons, but from a statistical perspective does not directly lead to improved performance in terms of detection efficiency and false detection rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SENSOR networks
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE source strength
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - LOW-level radiation
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16260000; Stephens Jr., Daniel L. 1; Email Address: daniel.stephens@pnl.gov; Peurrung, Anthony J. 1; Email Address: aj.peurrung@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2273; Subject Term: SENSOR networks; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE source strength; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: LOW-level radiation; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834713
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16260000&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei  Chen
AU  - Gatti, Emilio
AU  - Rehak, Pavel
T1  - P-Type One-Sided Hexagonal Spiral Drift Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2306
EP  - 2312
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new P-type drift detector (PDD) with one-sided hexagonal spiral shaped cathodes around the center anode has been designed, simulated, constructed and tested. The signal in PDD is generated by the transport of holes (instead of electrons as in an n-type drift detector) in the bulk of the detector and their arrival to the anode. Large arrays of drift cells are required for the extended X-ray absorption fine structure experiments (EXAFS). The large number of cells forces the design of the drift cell with a minimal number of bonds per cell. The presented design creates the drift field by the spiral-based voltage divider. Moreover, the Leakage current created at the depleted part of the detector surface is also collected without an external connection to the cell. The leakage current is collected directly on the inner terminal of the divider. The lithographic processes of the wafer are done only on one side resulting in a much faster fabrication. The lithography-less side of the detector was uniformly implanted with phosphorus creating a shallow, rectifying p-n+ junction. This side is exposed to the radiation. Positive charges in the native oxide help to keep the thickness of the dead entrance layer at the minimum. Moreover, this layer is not sensitive to the radiation damage caused by very low energy X-rays that do not damage the silicon structure and produce only additional positive charge in the oxide. For the first time, the design makes an active usage of the positive charge in the oxide as a rectifying junction on p-type silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 16260007; Wei  Chen 1; Email Address: weichen@bnl.gov; Gatti, Emilio 2; Email Address: gatti@elet.polimi.it; Rehak, Pavel 1; Email Address: rehak@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA; 2: Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2306; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834711
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16260007&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kleinfelder, Stuart
AU  - Bieser, Fred
AU  - Yandong Chen
AU  - Gareus, Robin
AU  - Matis, Howard S.
AU  - Oldenburg, Markus
AU  - Retiere, Fabrice
AU  - Ritter, Hans Georg
AU  - Wieman, Howard H.
AU  - Yamamoto, Eugene
T1  - Novel Integrated CMOS Sensor Circuits.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2328
EP  - 2336
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Three novel integrated CMOS active pixel sensor circuits for vertex detector applications have been designed with the goal of increased signal-to-noise ratio and speed. First, a large-area native epitaxial silicon photogate sensor was designed to increase the charge collected per hit pixel and to reduce charge diffusion to neighboring pixels. High charge to voltage conversion is maintained by subsequent charge transfer to a low capacitance readout node. Second, a per-pixel correlated double sampling kT/C reset noise reduction circuit was tested. It requires only one read, as compared to two for typical double sampling in active pixel sensors, and no off-pixel storage or subtraction is needed, The technique reduced input-referred temporal noise by a factor of 2.5 to a measured 15.6 e-, rms. Finally, a column-level active reset technique was designed that suppresses kT/C reset noise. It reduced noise by up to a factor of 7.6, to an estimated 8.3 input-referred electrons, rms. The technique also dramatically reduces fixed pattern (pedestal) noise, by up to a factor of 21. This may reduce pixel-by-pixel pedestal differences enough to permit sparse data scan without per-pixel offset corrections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - SIGNAL-to-noise ratio
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - CHARGE transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 16260010; Kleinfelder, Stuart 1; Email Address: stuartk@uci.edu; Bieser, Fred 2; Yandong Chen 1; Gareus, Robin 2; Matis, Howard S. 2; Oldenburg, Markus 2; Retiere, Fabrice 2; Ritter, Hans Georg 2; Wieman, Howard H. 2; Yamamoto, Eugene 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 92720 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2328; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: SIGNAL-to-noise ratio; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836150
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16260010&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bussat, J.-M.
AU  - Fadley, C. S.
AU  - Ludewigt, B. A.
AU  - Meddeler, G. J.
AU  - Nambu, A.
AU  - Press, M.
AU  - Spieler, H.
AU  - B. Turko
AU  - West, M.
AU  - Zizka, G. J.
T1  - A Next Generation, High Speed Detector for Synchrotron Radiation Research.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2341
EP  - 2346
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A high-speed, one-dimensional detector array for electrons and UV/X-ray photons has been developed. The detector is capable of handling the high countrates encountered in at third generation synchrotron radiation sources and is free from nonlinearity problems present in charge coupled device (CCD) detectors. Electrons are counted by a configuration of microchannel plates, an array of charge collection electrodes, and custom-designed integrated circuits (IC) assembled on a ceramic hybrid. The charges are collected on 768 strips with a 48 μm pitch that are wire-bonded to 6 pairs of signal processing ICs. Each front-end IC has 128 channels of amplifiers (peaking time 25 ns) and discriminators. The pulse-pair resolution is 50 ns leading to a maximum linear countrate/channel of 2 MHz. The second, custom-designed IC features 24-b buffered counters and a serial link for the transfer of commands and data. A possible deadtime-less readout of all channels in 150 μs opens the door to time resolved experiments. The complete detector system includes the high-voltage power supply, a field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based data acquisition system, and supporting software. Special care has been taken to insure reliable operation in an ultra-high vacuum environment. The detector architecture and design is described and measured performance characteristics such as spatial resolution and count-rate linearity are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
N1  - Accession Number: 16260012; Bussat, J.-M. 1; Email Address: JMBussat@Ibl.gov; Fadley, C. S. 2,3; Email Address: fadley@physics.ucdavis.edu; Ludewigt, B. A. 1; Meddeler, G. J. 1; Nambu, A. 4; Press, M. 1; Spieler, H. 5; B. Turko 1; West, M. 1; Zizka, G. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Engineering Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: Material Science Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 3: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; 4: Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan.; 5: Physics Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2341; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835706
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16260012&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Yuan
AU  - Anderson, John
AU  - Angstadt, Robert
AU  - Babukhadia, Levan
AU  - Bhattacharjee, Mrinmoy
AU  - Biazey, Gerald
AU  - Borcherding, Fred
AU  - Connolly, Brian
AU  - Cooke, Michael
AU  - Desai, Satish
AU  - Evans, David
AU  - Grannis, Paul
AU  - Grünendahl, Stefan
AU  - Hensel, Carsten
AU  - Jain, Vivek
AU  - Johnson, Marvin
AU  - Kopal, Miroslav
AU  - Linn, Stephan
AU  - Lizarazo, Juan
AU  - Maravin, Yurii
T1  - The Central Track Trigger of the DØ Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2368
EP  - 2372
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The general purpose Dø collider detector, located at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, is operated In the high luminosity (L = 2 × 1032 cm-2 s-1) and high-collision-rate environment (396 ns between beam crossings) of the upgraded Tevatron proton anti-proton accelerator. Dø uses a three-tiered trigger system to select events for offline storage and analysis. This paper describes the architecture and performance of the Dø central track trigger (CTT) system based on the new central fiber tracker, central preshower and forward preshower detectors, with emphasis on the interface to and integration with the second tier L2 Trigger system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTION alarms
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - RANDOM access memory
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16260017; Hu, Yuan 1; Email Address: huy@fnal.gov; Anderson, John 2; Angstadt, Robert 2; Babukhadia, Levan 1; Bhattacharjee, Mrinmoy 1; Biazey, Gerald 3; Borcherding, Fred 2; Connolly, Brian 4; Cooke, Michael 5; Desai, Satish 1; Evans, David 6; Grannis, Paul 1; Grünendahl, Stefan 2; Hensel, Carsten 7; Jain, Vivek 8; Johnson, Marvin 2; Kopal, Miroslav 9; Linn, Stephan 4; Lizarazo, Juan 10; Maravin, Yurii 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA; 2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500 USA.; 3: NICADD/NIU, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA.; 4: Physics Department, Honda State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; 5: TW Bonner Nuclear Lab, Rice University, Houston, TX 17251-1892 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashier LA1 4Th, U.K.; 7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.; 8: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 9: Department of Physics, Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; 10: Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Los Andes, Apartado Aereo 4976, Bogota, Colombia.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2368; Thesaurus Term: DETECTION alarms; Thesaurus Term: SECURITY systems; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM access memory; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836090
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16260017&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Marvin
T1  - Trigger Processor Algorithm for a Tracking Detector in a Solenoidal Magnetic Field.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2373
EP  - 2378
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper describes a method of calculating triggers for a cylindrical multilayer tracking detector in a solenoidal magnetic field. The method is serial and requires one dock cycle per layer. It has two main advantages over a logical equation approach. First, missing track elements have no effect on the amount of calculation required and the resolution degrades in a predictable manner. Second, this method allows implementing information from the third (nonbend) coordinate as a simple extension to the basic algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - HYDRAULIC structures
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 16260018; Johnson, Marvin 1; Email Address: mjohnson@thal.gov; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, 1L 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2373; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC structures; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16260018&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexopoulos, T.
AU  - Avramidou, R.
AU  - Bratzler, U.
AU  - Dris, M.
AU  - Fassouliotis, D.
AU  - Filippas, A.
AU  - N.# Gazis, E.
AU  - Katsoufis, E.
AU  - Kokkoris, M.
AU  - Kossionidis, E.
AU  - Maltezos, S.
AU  - Perdikakis, G.
AU  - Polychronakos, V.
AU  - Savva, P. S.
AU  - Stavropoulos, G.
AU  - Tsipolitis, G.
AU  - Tzamarioudaki, E.
T1  - Measurement of the Monitored Drift Tubes Response to Energetic Neutrons.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2448
EP  - 2452
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We have measured the response of an array of ATLAS muon spectrometer drift tubes to fast neutrons, produced by a t(d,n)4 He reaction at the 5,5-MV TANDEM Van de Graaff accelerator of the National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos." The setup consisted of 24 drift tubes in a 6 × 4 arrangement. The neutron energy was 18.3 MeV. The anode wire voltage varied from 2200 to 2800 V. For a neutron flux of about 2.75 kHz/cm2, the drift tube sensitivity to 18.3-MeV neutrons ranged from 0.031% to 0.606% for anode voltages between 2200 and 2800 V, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - VOLTAGE regulators
KW  - TUBES
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16260030; Alexopoulos, T. 1; Avramidou, R. 1; Bratzler, U. 1; Dris, M. 1; Fassouliotis, D. 2; Filippas, A. 1; N.# Gazis, E. 1; Katsoufis, E. 1; Kokkoris, M. 1; Kossionidis, E. 3; Maltezos, S. 1; Perdikakis, G. 3; Polychronakos, V. 4; Savva, P. S.; Email Address: savvapan@central.ntua.gr; Stavropoulos, G. 5; Tsipolitis, G. 1; Tzamarioudaki, E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, GR-15780 Athens, Greece; 2: Physics Department, University of Athens, GR-15771 Athens, Greece; 3: Nuclear Physics Department, NCSR "Demokritos," Aghia.Paraskevi, Athens,Greece; 4: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 5: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2448; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: VOLTAGE regulators; Subject Term: TUBES; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16260030&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rehak, Pavel
T1  - Silicon Radiation Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2492
EP  - 2497
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The rapid progress of the past 20 years in silicon radiation detectors is reviewed. The availability of silicon as an almost ideal semiconductor material is one of the main reasons for this progress. The well-defined properties of the silicon-silicon dioxide interface allowed the development of detector structures beyond the structure of a classical diode detector, which was practically the only silicon detector structure 20 years ago. All new structures make use of an electric field parallel to the large surface of the detector. Improvements in the production of silicon detectors has lead to a substantial decrease of the detector leakage current. These detectors can achieve their best performance very close to or at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - DIODES
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 16260037; Rehak, Pavel 1; Email Address: rehak@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 19730 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2492; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836062
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16260037&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Dickens, James C.
AU  - Lehr, Jane M.
AU  - Mankowski, John
T1  - Guest Editorial Fifth Special Issue on Pulsed Power Science and Technology.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1763
EP  - 1764
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Presents an introduction to articles, published in the October 2004 issue of the journal "IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science."
KW  - PERIODICALS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 14907307; Dickens, James C. 1; Lehr, Jane M. 2; Mankowski, John 1; Affiliations: 1: Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1042 USA.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1193 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1763; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.837321
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reinovsky, Robert E.
AU  - Goforth, James H.
AU  - Graham, Jack
T1  - Surface-Discharge Switches for High-Performance Closing Applications.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1765
EP  - 1777
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Results of experiments conducted to characterize the performance of a surface tracking switch employing surface discharge phenomena as a high-performance, self-closing, isolation switch for high-energy applications are described. These experiments, conducted under both dc and pulsed conditions, lead to a model of switch operation that enables the design of such switches for multi-megampere operation. This paper describes the successful implementation of a surface tracking switch as an operational component in several high-current pulsed power systems, and offers some insight into the operation of surface-tracking switches that may assist in future work to apply the technique as a triggered switch in very-high-energy and high-voltage systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - Pulsed power system switches
KW  - surface discharge
KW  - switch
N1  - Accession Number: 14907308; Reinovsky, Robert E. 1; Email Address: bobr@lanl.gov; Goforth, James H. 1; Email Address: goforthjh@lanl.gov; Graham, Jack; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1765; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed power system switches; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface discharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: switch; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835946
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodworth, J. R.
AU  - Lehr, J. M.
AU  - Elizondo-Decanini, J.
AU  - Miller, P. A.
AU  - Wakeland, P.
AU  - Kincy, M.
AU  - Garde, J.
AU  - Aragon, B.
AU  - Fowler, W.
AU  - Mowrer, G.
AU  - Maenchen, J. E.
AU  - Sarkisov, G. S.
AU  - Corley, J.
AU  - Hodge, K.
AU  - Drennan, S.
AU  - Guthrie, D.
AU  - Navarro, M.
AU  - Johnson, D. L.
AU  - Ives, H. C.
AU  - Slattery, M. J.
T1  - Optical and Pressure Diagnostics of 4-MV Water Switches in the Z-20 Test Facility.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1778
EP  - 1789
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We are studying the behavior of self-breaking, high-voltage water switches for the Z refurbishment project. In Z-20, three or four water switches in parallel are charged to 4 MV in ∼220 ns. The water gap between switch electrodes is 13-15 cm, and the enhancement of the positive and negative electrodes is varied to study time-evolution of the breakdown arcs, current sharing, and switch simultaneity. In addition to the standard electrical diagnostics (V, I), we are looking at one or more of the switches during the breakdown phase with two optical diagnostics: a streak camera and a fast framing camera. The streak camera has ∼1 -ns resolution, and the framing camera provides seven frames with >5 ns exposure times. For identical electric fields, the streamers originating on the positive electrode form earlier and move more rapidly than the streamers originating on the negative electrode. We observe four distinct phases in the closure of the water switches that depend on the macroscopic electric fields in the water: 1) No streamers propagate at E-fields below ∼ 100  kV/cm from positive electrodes or voltages below ∼ 140 kV/cm for negative electrodes; 2) streamers propagate with constant velocity between 100 and ∼ 300 kV/cm; 3) above 300 kVlcm, the streamer velocities become linearly proportional to the electric field; 4) above 600 kVlcm, the velocity of streamers from the negative electrodes appears to saturate at ∼ 100 cm/ps. The velocity of the streamers from the positive electrode continues to increase with E-field, reaching sim;1% of the speed of light when the switch reaches closure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SWITCHING systems (Telecommunication)
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - CAMERAS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Optical diagnostics
KW  - pulsed power
KW  - shock waves
KW  - water switches
N1  - Accession Number: 14907309; Woodworth, J. R. 1; Lehr, J. M. 1; Elizondo-Decanini, J. 1; Miller, P. A. 1; Wakeland, P. 1; Kincy, M. 1; Garde, J. 1; Aragon, B. 1; Fowler, W. 1; Mowrer, G. 1; Maenchen, J. E. 1; Sarkisov, G. S. 2; Corley, J. 2; Hodge, K. 2; Drennan, S. 2; Guthrie, D. 2; Navarro, M. 2; Johnson, D. L. 3; Ives, H. C. 4; Slattery, M. J. 5; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1193 USA.; 2: Ktech Corporation, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.; 3: Titan Pulse Sciences, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.; 4: EG&G Technical Services Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87119-9100 USA.; 5: Boeing LTS, Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1778; Thesaurus Term: SWITCHING systems (Telecommunication); Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CAMERAS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsed power; Author-Supplied Keyword: shock waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: water switches; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443145 Camera and photographic supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414430 Photographic equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423410 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835942
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14907309&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu Zhang
AU  - Sandberg, Jon
AU  - Cutler, Roy
AU  - Hahn, H.
AU  - Lambiase, R.
AU  - Lee, Y. Y.
AU  - Mi, J.
AU  - Nehring, T.
AU  - Pai, C.
AU  - Rust, K.
AU  - Tsoupas, Nicholaos
AU  - Tuozzolo, J.
AU  - Warburton, D.
AU  - Wei, Jie
AU  - Zhang, S. Y.
T1  - Development of the Repetitive Pulsed Power System for Spallation Neutron Source Beam Extraction Fast Kicker.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1945
EP  - 1952
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The spallation neutron source (SNS) is a next generation high-intensity beam facility. The extraction kicker system is a high peak power, high average power, high-precision pulse-wave- form, low beam impedance, and high repetition rate pulsed power system. It has been successfully designed and developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY. The system consists of fourteen extraction magnet sections inside the ring vacuum chamber and fourteen identical high-voltage modulators located in the service building. The design features a Blumlein pulse-forming-network (PFN) based topology, a low beam impedance termination, a fast current switching thyratron, and low inductance capacitor banks. It has a maximum charging voltage of 50 kV, an open circuit output of 100 kV, and a designed maximum pulsed current output of 4 kA per modulator. The overall system output will reach multiple GW peak power with a 60 pulse/s repetition rate. A prototype modulator has been successfully built and tested well above the SNS requirement. The first batch of production modulators have passed all required tests at manufacture facility and delivered to Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, and the rest of the production units are under construction. The technical challenges and development results are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - ELECTRIC power distribution
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - Accelerator power supplies
KW  - particle beam extraction
KW  - proton accelerators
KW  - pulse power systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14907333; Wu Zhang 1; Email Address: arling@bnl.gov; Sandberg, Jon 1; Cutler, Roy 2; Hahn, H. 1; Lambiase, R. 1; Lee, Y. Y. 1; Mi, J. 1; Nehring, T. 1; Pai, C. 1; Rust, K. 2; Tsoupas, Nicholaos 1; Tuozzolo, J. 1; Warburton, D. 1; Wei, Jie 1; Zhang, S. Y. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1945; Thesaurus Term: ENERGY industries; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRIC power distribution; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator power supplies; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle beam extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse power systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835947
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14907333&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lemons, Don S.
AU  - Faehl, Rickey J.
T1  - Asymmetry in Fast Z-Pinches With Thin Liners.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1953
EP  - 1959
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We use a well-known, two-dimensional solution to Laplace's equation for the vector potential between two perfectly conducting, individually axisymmetric but mutually eccentric, current carrying cylinders to model the geometry and time evolution of an asymmetric Z-pinch. Cylinder eccentricity correlates with an azimuthal variation in the axial current, the magnetic field, and the force on the liner. The asymmetric force sums to a net force tending to restore the inner cylinder to concentricity. Complete pinch compression and concentricity are achieved simultaneously when the initial radius of the inner cylinder Ri(0) is about 2/3 the radius of the outer return current cylinder Ro or, equivalently, when the initial liner inductance per unit length is about 0.82 . nil/cm. Compressing the liner onto a finite-sized cylindrical target boosts this critical ratio only up to Ri(0)/Ro &ap; 3/4. Recent and planned liner compression experiments are evaluated according to these criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - GEOMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Magnetic compression
KW  - Z-pinch
KW  - Z-pinch liner
N1  - Accession Number: 14907334; Lemons, Don S. 1; Email Address: dlemons@lanl.gov; Faehl, Rickey J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, Bethel College, North Newton, KS 67117 USA.; 2: Plasma Physics Group, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1953; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: GEOMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic compression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Z-pinch; Author-Supplied Keyword: Z-pinch liner; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835965
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14907334&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faehl, Rickey J.
AU  - Anderson, B. G.
AU  - Clark, D. A.
AU  - Ekdahl, Carl A.
AU  - Goforth, J. H.
AU  - Lindemuth, Irvin R.
AU  - Reinovsky, Robert E.
AU  - Sheehey, P. T.
AU  - Peterson, T.
AU  - Tabaka, L. J.
AU  - Chernyshev, Vladimir K.
AU  - Mokhov, Vladislav N.
AU  - Buzin, V. N.
AU  - Burenkov, O. M.
AU  - Buyko, A. M.
AU  - Vakhrushev, V. V.
AU  - Garanin, S. E
AU  - Grinevich, B. E.
AU  - Ivanova, G. G.
AU  - Demidov, V. A.
T1  - Results of a 100-Megaampere Liner Implosion Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1972
EP  - 1985
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A very high-current liner implosion experiment was conducted, using an explosive magnetic-compression generator (EMG) to deliver a peak current of 102 ± 3 MA, to implode a 4.0-mm-thick aluminum liner. Analysis of experimental data showed that the inner surface of the liner had attained a velocity of between 6.8-8.4 km/s, consistent with detailed numerical calculations. Both calculations and data were consistent with a final liner state that was still substantially solid at target impact time and had a total kinetic energy of over 20 MJ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - LIGHT metals
KW  - ALUMINUM silicates
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC bearings
KW  - BEARINGS (Machinery)
KW  - Electromagnetic flux generator
KW  - liners
KW  - MUD calculations
N1  - Accession Number: 14907337; Faehl, Rickey J. 1; Email Address: rjf@lanl.gov; Anderson, B. G. 1; Clark, D. A. 1; Ekdahl, Carl A. 1; Goforth, J. H. 1; Lindemuth, Irvin R. 1; Reinovsky, Robert E. 1; Sheehey, P. T. 1; Peterson, T. 1; Tabaka, L. J. 1; Chernyshev, Vladimir K. 2; Mokhov, Vladislav N. 2; Buzin, V. N. 2; Burenkov, O. M. 2; Buyko, A. M. 2; Vakhrushev, V. V. 2; Garanin, S. E 2; Grinevich, B. E. 2; Ivanova, G. G. 2; Demidov, V. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: All-Russia Scientific Institute of Experimental Physics, 607200, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region, Russia.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1972; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: LIGHT metals; Subject Term: ALUMINUM silicates; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC bearings; Subject Term: BEARINGS (Machinery); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic flux generator; Author-Supplied Keyword: liners; Author-Supplied Keyword: MUD calculations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332991 Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835471
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14907337&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, B. V.
AU  - Hinsheiwood, D. D.
AU  - Murphy, D. P.
AU  - Stephanakis, S. J.
AU  - Harper-Slaboszewicz, V.
T1  - Plasma-Filled Diode for High Dose-Rate Bremsstrahlung.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1998
EP  - 2003
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A plasma-filled diode (PFD) technique is described for producing high dose-rate bremsstrahlung over small areas. A PR) was developed for this purpose using the Gamble II generator. For maximum dose-rate conditions, the short-circuit phase duration was 40 ns, after which the voltage increased to 1.8 MV and the total current in the diode was 0.5 MA. The X-ray pulsewidth was 8 ns, much less than the typical 50 ns pulsewidth with a vacuum diode. This PH) was adapted to the higher-current Saturn generator at 6-8 MA by making a 10-cm diameter circular array of 6,9, or 12 isolated PFDs. Higher dose rates were obtained using fewer PFDs; about 1 × 1012 rad/s with the 12-PR) array, 2 × 1012 with nine PFDs and 4 × 1012 with 6 PFDs. Analyses based on electrical and radiation diagnostics indicate that 40%-77% of the electrical current produces radiation at the time of maximum dose rate. The X-ray pulsewidth was typically 13-16 ns, less than the pulsewidth for standard (vacuum) bremsstrahlung diodes on Saturn. This system, with improvements in reproducibility, could provide a high dose-rate, small-area bremsstrahlung capability for high current generators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - RADIOLOGY
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - MEDICAL technology
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - Bremsstrahlung
KW  - dose rate
KW  - plasma-filled diode (PFD)
KW  - pulsed power
N1  - Accession Number: 14907340; Weber, B. V. 1; Email Address: weber@suzie.nrl.navy.mil; Hinsheiwood, D. D. 1; Murphy, D. P. 1; Stephanakis, S. J. 2; Harper-Slaboszewicz, V. 3; Affiliations: 1: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; 2: Titan Corporation, Reston, VA 20910 USA.; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1998; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: MEDICAL technology; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bremsstrahlung; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma-filled diode (PFD); Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsed power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835945
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14907340&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shkol'nik, Sergey M.
AU  - Struve, Kenneth W.
T1  - Announcing a Special Issue of the IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science On Vacuum Discharge Plasmas (Scheduled for October 2005).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2068
EP  - 2068
SN  - 00933813
AB  - This article reports that the Permanent International Scientific Committee (PISC) of the International Symposium of Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV) invites contributions to a Special Issue of the "IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science" on the subject of Vacuum Discharge Plasma to appear in the October 2005 edition. The majority of the papers are anticipated to be extended versions of papers given at the XXIst ISDEIV held in Yalta, Ukraine, in September 2004. However, other papers on this topic are also welcome.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - PLASMA spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14907349; Shkol'nik, Sergey M. 1; Email Address: shkolnik@mail.ioffe.ru; Struve, Kenneth W. 2; Email Address: kwstruv@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: IOFFE Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) 26 Polytechnicheskaya, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1194, P. O. Box 5800m Albuquerque, NM 87185-1194, USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p2068; Thesaurus Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: PLASMA spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.838584
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14907349&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zak, Michail
T1  - Dynamical networks for information processing.
JO  - Information Sciences
JF  - Information Sciences
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 165
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 169
SN  - 00200255
AB  - Coupled evolution of state and topology of dynamical networks is introduced. Due to a well organized tensor structure, the governing equations are presented in a canonical form, and required attractors as well as their basins can be easily placed and controlled. This new class of dynamical networks can represent phenomenological models for self-organization in physics and biology. Applications of these networks to pattern recognition, associative memory, synthesis of models based upon observation data, detection of abnormalities and data compression are discussed. The difference between the proposed dynamical networks and neural networks is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Information Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - INFORMATION processing
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
N1  - Accession Number: 14880702; Zak, Michail 1,2; Email Address: michail.zak@jpl.nasa.gov; Affiliations: 1: Ultracomputing Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, MIS 126-347, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 USA; 2: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 165 Issue 3/4, p149; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION science; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION processing; Thesaurus Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Thesaurus Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ins.2003.08.019
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=14880702&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, Genetha Anne
AU  - Kolda, Tamara G.
AU  - Sale, Ken
AU  - Young, Malin M.
T1  - Optimizing an Empirical Scoring Function for Transmembrane Protein Structure Determination.
JO  - INFORMS Journal on Computing
JF  - INFORMS Journal on Computing
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 406
EP  - 418
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 10919856
AB  - We examine the problem of transmembrane protein structure determination. Like many questions that arise in biological research, this problem cannot be addressed generally by traditional laboratory experimentation alone. Instead, an approach that integrates experiment and computation is required. We formulate the transmembrane protein structure determination problem as a bound-constrained optimization problem using a special empirical scoring function, called Bundler, as the objective function. In this paper, we describe the optimization problem and its mathematical properties, and we examine results obtained using two different derivative-free optimization algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of INFORMS Journal on Computing is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - STRUCTURAL optimization
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL biology
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - PROTEIN synthesis
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - Bundler scoring function
KW  - computational biology
KW  - nonlinear programming
KW  - optimization
KW  - parallel algorithm
KW  - protein structure
N1  - Accession Number: 15019557; Gray, Genetha Anne 1; Email Address: gagray@sandia.gov; Kolda, Tamara G. 1; Email Address: tgkolda@sandia.gov; Sale, Ken 2; Email Address: klsale@sandia.gov; Young, Malin M. 2; Email Address: mmyoung@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Computational Sciences and Mathematics Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 969 MS 9159, Livermore, California 94551-0969, USA; 2: Biosystems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 969 MS 9951, Livermore, California 94551-0969, USA; Issue Info: Fall2004, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p406; Thesaurus Term: NONLINEAR programming; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL optimization; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL biology; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: PROTEIN synthesis; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bundler scoring function; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1287/ijoc.1040.0102
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=15019557&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
T1  - Effects of Nanophase Materials (≤20 nm) on Biological Responses.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 39
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2691
EP  - 2705
SN  - 10934529
AB  - Nanophase materials have enhanced properties (thermal, mechanical, electrical, surface reactivity, etc.) not found in bulk materials. Intuitively, the enhancement of material properties could occur when the materials encounter biological specimens. Previous investigations of biological interactions with nanometer-scale materials have been very limited. With the ability to manipulate atoms and molecules, we now can create predefined nanostructures with unprecedented precision. In parallel with this development, improved understanding of the biological effects of the nanophase materials, whatever those may be, should also deserve attention. In this study, we have applied precision aerosol technology to investigate cellular response to nanoparticles. We used synthetic nanoparticles generated by an electrospray technique to produce nanoparticles in the size range of 8–13 nm with practically monodispersed aerosol particles and approximately the same number concentration. We report here on the potency of nano-metal particles with single or binary chemical components in eliciting interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from epithelial cell lines. For single-component nanoparticles, we found that nano-Cu particles were more potent in IL-8 production than nano-Ni and nano-V particles. However, the kinetics of IL-8 production by these three nanoparticles was different, the nano-Ni being the highest among the three. When sulfuric acid was introduced to form acidified nano-Ni particles, we found that the potency of such binary-component nanoparticles in eliciting IL-8 production was increased markedly, by about six times. However, the acidified binary nano-Na and -Mg nanoparticles did not exhibit the same effects as binary nano-Ni particles did. Since Ni, a transition metal, could induce free radicals on cell surfaces, while Na and Mg could not, the acidity might have enhanced the oxidative stress caused by radicals to the cells, leading to markedly higher IL-8 production. This result indicates the complexity of biological responses to nanoparticles. We believe that the exposure methodology and aerosol technology employed in our research will provide an effective means to systematically investigate cellular responses to nanoparticles, structured or unstructured, in ongoing research projects. Different cell lines, chemicals, and particle morphology can also be investigated using such a methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Nanostructured materials
KW  - Biological response modifiers
KW  - Biomolecules
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Cytodiagnosis
KW  - Interleukin-8
KW  - Cellular interaction.
KW  - Differential mobility analyzer
KW  - Electrospray
KW  - Interleukenes
KW  - Nanophase metals
N1  - Accession Number: 15123622; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov.; Affiliations: 1 : Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 39 Issue 10, p2691; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Subject Term: Nanostructured materials; Subject Term: Biological response modifiers; Subject Term: Biomolecules; Subject Term: Nanoparticles; Subject Term: Cytodiagnosis; Subject Term: Interleukin-8; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular interaction.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential mobility analyzer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrospray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interleukenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanophase metals; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/ESE-200027028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=15123622&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortiz Jr., Francisco
AU  - Simpson, James R.
AU  - Pignatiello Jr., Joseph J.
AU  - Heredia-Langner, Alejandro
T1  - A Genetic Algorithm Approach to Multiple-Response Optimization.
JO  - Journal of Quality Technology
JF  - Journal of Quality Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 432
EP  - 450
SN  - 00224065
AB  - Many designed experiments require the simultaneous optimization of multiple responses. A common approach is to use a desirability function combined with an optimization algorithm to find the most desirable settings of the controllable factors. However, as the problem grows even moderately in either the number of factors or the number of responses, conventional optimization algorithms can fail to find the global optimum. An alternative approach is to use a heuristic search procedure such as a genetic algorithm (GA). This paper proposes and develops a multiple-response solution technique using a GA in conjunction with an unconstrained desirability function. The GA requires that several parameters be determined in order for the algorithm to operate effectively. We perform a robust designed experiment in order to tune the genetic algorithm to perform well regardless of the complexity of the multiple-response optimization problem. The performance of the proposed GA method is evaluated and compared with the performance of the method that combines the desirability with the generalized reduced gradient (GRG) optimization. The evaluation shows that only the proposed GA approach consistently and effectively solves multiple-response problems of varying complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quality Technology is the property of American Society for Quality, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - COMBINATORIAL optimization
KW  - Heuristic Methods
KW  - Regression Modeling
KW  - Response Surface Desirability Functions
N1  - Accession Number: 14874063; Ortiz Jr., Francisco 1; Email Address: fortiz@eng.fsu.edu; Simpson, James R. 1; Email Address: simpson@eng.fsu.edu; Pignatiello Jr., Joseph J. 1; Email Address: pigna@eng.fsu.edu; Heredia-Langner, Alejandro 2; Email Address: Alejandro.Heredia-Langner@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Florida A&M University and Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p432; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heuristic Methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regression Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Response Surface Desirability Functions; Number of Pages: 19p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 13 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Bradley, David T.1
AU  - Muehleisen, Ralph T.2
AU  - Moore, Patrick W.3
AU  - Gerstoft, Peter4
AU  - Pishchalnikov, Yuri A.5
AU  - Smith, Julius O.6
AU  - Marsh, Alan H.
AU  - Migliori, Albert7
AU  - Fischer, Raymond W.8
AU  - Bent, Tessa C.9
AU  - Dibazar, Alireza A.10
AU  - Namarvar, Hassan H.10
AU  - Heald, Gary J.11
AU  - Hansen, Uwe J.12
AU  - Bowles, Ann E.13
AU  - Deutsch, Diana14
AU  - Hua Lee15
T1  - Architectural Acoustics: Coupled Volume Systems: Design Process and Implications.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
J1  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
PY  - 2004/10//
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
CP  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2552
EP  - 2583
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Presents abstracts of studies on architectural acoustics presented at the 148th meeting of the Acoustical Society of America in San Diego, California, November 15-19, 2004.  "Comparison of real world measurements and computer model results for a dedicated coupled volume system," by David T. Bradley and Lily M. Wang; "Scale-model studies of reverberant energy decay in a coupled-room system," by Jason E. Summers, Rendell R. Torres and Yasushi Shimizu; "Five sensitivities of the coupled volume-double sloped system," by Michael Ermann.
KW  - Architectural acoustics
KW  - Acoustical engineering -- Abstracts
KW  - Computer simulation -- Abstracts
KW  - Vibration (Mechanics) -- Abstracts
KW  - Sound -- Abstracts
N1  - Accession Number: 20839769; Authors: Bradley, David T. 1; Muehleisen, Ralph T. 2; Moore, Patrick W. 3; Gerstoft, Peter 4; Pishchalnikov, Yuri A. 5; Smith, Julius O. 6; Marsh, Alan H.; Migliori, Albert 7; Fischer, Raymond W. 8; Bent, Tessa C. 9; Dibazar, Alireza A. 10; Namarvar, Hassan H. 10; Heald, Gary J. 11; Hansen, Uwe J. 12; Bowles, Ann E. 13; Deutsch, Diana 14; Hua Lee 15; Affiliations:  1: Architectural Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1110 South 67th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68182-0681;  2: Civil and Architectural Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3201 South Dearborn, Chicago, Illinois 60616;  3: SPAWAR SSC-SD, 49620 Beluga Road, San Diego, California 92152-6506;  4: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, Marine Physical Laboratory, 9500 Gillman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0238;  5: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis Indiana 46202-5126;  6: CCRMA, Music Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305;  7: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;  8: Noise Control Engineering Incorporated, 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821;  9: Linguistics Department, Northwestern University, 2016 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208;  10: University of Southern California, Biomedical Engineering, 2650 McClintock Street, Los Angeles, California 90089-1451;  11: DSTL, Naval Systems, Winfrith Technology Centre, Dorset, Great Britain;  12: Department of Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 47809;  13: Hubbs Sea World Research Institute, 2595 Ingraham Street, San Diego, California 92109;  14: Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093;  15: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-2991; Subject: Architectural acoustics; Subject: Acoustical engineering -- Abstracts; Subject: Computer simulation -- Abstracts; Subject: Vibration (Mechanics) -- Abstracts; Subject: Sound -- Abstracts; Number of Pages: 32p; Record Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Stinson, Michael R.1
AU  - Hildebrand, John A.2
AU  - Benjamin, Kim C.3
AU  - Bissinger, George A.4
AU  - Ludwigsen, Daniel O.5
AU  - Murphy, William J.6
AU  - Kaduchak, Gregory A.7
AU  - Matula, Thomas J.8
AU  - Li Xu9
AU  - Russell, Daniel A.5
AU  - Shah, Amee P.10
AU  - Tiemann, Christopher O.11
AU  - Worcester, Peter F.12
AU  - Wang, Lily13
AU  - Roy, Kenneth P.14
AU  - Mapp, Peter A.15
AU  - Moore, Sue E.16
AU  - Roy, Ronald A.17
AU  - Murray, Todd W.17
AU  - Daigle, Gilles A.18
T1  - Architectural Acoustics, Noise, Psychological and Physiological Acoustics, Speech Communication and Committee on Standards: Implementation of Classroom Acoustics I.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
J1  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
PY  - 2004/10//
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
CP  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2584
EP  - 2636
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Presents abstracts of studies on architectural acoustics presented at the 148th meeting of the Acoustical Society of America in San Diego, California, November 15-19, 2004.  "Forging improvements in classroom acoustical quality," by Angelo Bellomo; "Experiences implementing ANSI S12.60 in classrooms," by R. Kring Herbert and John Erdreich; "Source attenuating HVAC equipment--Just the facts," by Arthur Hallstrom; "Ten years of classroom acoustical design," by Angelo J. Campanella.
KW  - Architectural acoustics
KW  - Acoustical engineering -- Abstracts
KW  - Sound -- Abstracts
KW  - Education -- Abstracts
KW  - Architecture -- Abstracts
N1  - Accession Number: 20839770; Authors: Stinson, Michael R. 1; Hildebrand, John A. 2; Benjamin, Kim C. 3; Bissinger, George A. 4; Ludwigsen, Daniel O. 5; Murphy, William J. 6; Kaduchak, Gregory A. 7; Matula, Thomas J. 8; Li Xu 9; Russell, Daniel A. 5; Shah, Amee P. 10; Tiemann, Christopher O. 11; Worcester, Peter F. 12; Wang, Lily 13; Roy, Kenneth P. 14; Mapp, Peter A. 15; Moore, Sue E. 16; Roy, Ronald A. 17; Murray, Todd W. 17; Daigle, Gilles A. 18; Affiliations:  1: National Research Council, Institute for Microstructural Science Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada;  2: Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, Mail Code A-005, La Jolla, California 92093-0205;  3: Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, Rhode Island 02840;  4: Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858;  5: Science and Mathematics Departments, Kettering University, 1700 West Third Avenue, Flint, Michigan 48504-4898;  6: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226-1998;  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;  8: Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, 1013 NE 40th Street, Seattle, Washington 98105-6698;  9: School of Hearing, Speech and Language Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701;  10: School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, 1266 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, H3V 1C2 Canada;  11: Applied Research Laboratory, University of Texas at Austin, P.O. Box 8029, Austin, Texas 78731-8029;  12: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0225;  13: Architectural Engineering, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Omaha, Nebraska 68182;  14: Armstrong World Industries, Innovation Center, 2500 Columbia Avenue, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604;  15: Mapp Associates, 5 Worthington Way, Colchester C03 4JZ United Kingdom;  16: National Marine Mammal Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way, NE, Seattle, Washington 98115;  17: Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215;  18: Institute of Microstructural Science, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada; Subject: Architectural acoustics; Subject: Acoustical engineering -- Abstracts; Subject: Sound -- Abstracts; Subject: Education -- Abstracts; Subject: Architecture -- Abstracts; Number of Pages: 53p; Record Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asu&AN=20839770&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kogan, Shulim
AU  - Kaduchak, Gregory
AU  - Sinha, Dipen N.
T1  - Acoustic concentration of particles in piezoelectric tubes: Theoretical modeling of the effect of cavity shape and symmetry breaking.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1967
EP  - 1974
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A new class of simple, highly efficient, cylindrical acoustic concentration devices has been developed based upon cylindrical (or near cylindrical) geometries [Kaduchak et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 73, 1332-1336 (2002)] for aerosol concentration applications. The concentrators are constructed from single PZT tubes driven at or near the breathing mode resonance. Acoustic concentration of aerosols is performed within the tube cavity. It has been found that slight modifications to the cylindrical cavity geometry can significantly increase the collection efficiency and assist in precise particle positioning. This paper analyzes the theoretical framework for the acoustic concentration of particles in these devices for various geometrical perturbations. The cavity geometries studied are (1) hollow cylindrical piezoelectric tube, (2) hollow piezoelectric tube with an inner concentric solid cylinder insert, (3) a hollow piezoelectric tube with a concentric elliptic insert which breaks the circular-cylindrical symmetry, and (4) a hollow elliptic cylindrical piezoelectric tube. It is shown that breaking the circular symmetry within the cavity localizes the particles in small spatial regions within the cavity. This localization of particles may be very useful in applications requiring aerosol collection or particle stream positioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOUND -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC devices
KW  - CYLINDERS (Engines)
N1  - Accession Number: 20839734; Kogan, Shulim 1; Kaduchak, Gregory 1; Email Address: kaduchak@lanl.gov; Sinha, Dipen N. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D429, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p1967; Subject Term: SOUND -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: CYLINDERS (Engines); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1785613
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20839734&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehman, Sean K.
AU  - Norton, Stephen J.
T1  - Radial reflection diffraction tomography.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2158
EP  - 2172
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A wave-based tomographic imaging algorithm based upon a single rotating radially outward oriented transducer is developed. At successive angular locations at a fixed radius, the transducer launches a primary field and collects the backscattered field in a "pitch/catch" operation. The hardware configuration, operating mode, and data collection method are identical to that of most medical intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) systems. IVUS systems form images of the medium surrounding the probe based upon ultrasonic B scans, using a straight-ray model of sound propagation. The goal of this research is to develop a wave-based imaging algorithm using diffraction tomography techniques. Given the hardware configuration and the imaging method, this system is referred to as "radial reflection diffraction tomography." Two hardware configurations are considered: a multimonostatic mode using a single transducer as described above, and a multistatic mode consisting of a single transmitter and an aperture formed by multiple receivers. In this latter case, the entire source/receiver aperture rotates about the fixed radius. Practically, such a probe is mounted at the end of a catheter or snaking tube that can be inserted into a part or medium with the goal of forming images of the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. An analytic expression for the multimonostatic inverse is derived, but ultimately the new Hilbert space inverse wave (HSIW) algorithm is used to construct images using both operating modes. Applications include improved IVUS imaging, bore hole tomography, and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of parts with existing access holes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOUND waves -- Diffraction
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - TRANSDUCERS
KW  - INTRAVASCULAR ultrasonography
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
N1  - Accession Number: 20839725; Lehman, Sean K. 1; Email Address: lehman2@llnl.gov; Norton, Stephen J. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-154, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94566; 2 : Geophex, Ltd., 605 Mercury Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p2158; Subject Term: SOUND waves -- Diffraction; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: TRANSDUCERS; Subject Term: INTRAVASCULAR ultrasonography; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1785651
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mah&AN=20839725&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mah
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saito, Hiroshi H.
AU  - Calloway Jr., T. Bond
AU  - Ferrara, Daro M.
AU  - Choi, Alexander S.
AU  - White, Thomas L.
AU  - Gibson Jr., Luther V.
AU  - Burdette, Mark A.
T1  - Regulatory Off-Gas Analysis from the Evaporation of Hanford Simulated Waste Spiked with Organic Compounds.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 54
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1242
EP  - 1253
SN  - 10962247
AB  - After strontium/transuranics removal by precipitation followed by cesium/technetium removal by ion exchange, the remaining low-activity waste in the Hanford River Protection Project Waste Treatment Plant is to be concentrated by evaporation before being mixed with glass formers and vitrified. To provide a technical basis to permit the waste treatment facility, a relatively organic-rich Hanford Tank 241-AN-107 waste simulant was spiked with 14 target volatile, semi-volatile, and pesticide compounds and evaporated under vacuum in a bench-scale natural circulation evaporator fitted with an industrial stack off-gas sampler at the Savannah River National Laboratory. An evaporator material balance for the target organics was calculated by combining liquid stream mass and analytical data with off-gas emissions estimates obtained using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SW-846 Methods. Volatile and light semi-volatile organic compounds (< 220 ° C BP, >1 mm Hg vapor pressure) in the waste simulant were found to largely exit through the condenser vent, while heavier semi-volatiles and pesticides generally remain in the evaporator concentrate. An OLI Environmental Simulation Program (licensed by OLI Systems, Inc.) evaporator model successfully predicted operating conditions and the experimental distribution of the fed target organics exiting in the concentrate, condensate, and off-gas streams, with the exception of a few semi-volatile and pesticide compounds. Comparison with Henry's Law predictions suggests the OLI Environmental Simulation Program model is constrained by available literature data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Sewage -- Purification
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Water treatment plants
KW  - Ion exchange (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14699258; Saito, Hiroshi H. 1; Calloway Jr., T. Bond 1; Ferrara, Daro M. 1; Choi, Alexander S. 1; White, Thomas L. 1; Gibson Jr., Luther V. 2; Burdette, Mark A. 2; Affiliations: 1 : Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC; 2 : BWX Technologies, Inc. Y-12, L.L.C., Oak Ridge, TN;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 54 Issue 10, p1242; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Sewage -- Purification; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Water treatment plants; Subject Term: Ion exchange (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edmonds, James A.
T1  - CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 416
SN  - 13812386
AB  - The long time scale of the climate change problem and the inherent nature of the carbon cycle bring important implications for present technology development efforts. Even if major technology improvements are achieved for non-carbon-emitting technologies such as energy-intensity improvements, wind, solar, biomass, and nuclear over the course of the 21st century, most examinations of potential future greenhouse emissions conclude that additional technology development will be required to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations. The development of an expanded suite of technologies including carbon capture and disposal, hydrogen systems and biotechnology hold the potential to dramatically reduce the cost of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations. This paper examines these technologies in the context of a global integrated assessment model of energy, agriculture, land-use, economics, and carbon cycle processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Land use
KW  - Solar energy
KW  - Agriculture & energy
KW  - Climatology
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - carbon capture and disposal
KW  - climate change
KW  - energy technology
KW  - hydrogen systems
KW  - integrated assessment modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 21771607; Edmonds, James A. 1; Email Address: jae@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at University of Maryland in College Park, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740-2496.;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p391; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Solar energy; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture & energy; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Author-Supplied Keyword: biotechnology; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon capture and disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrated assessment modeling; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Submovements Grow Larger, Fewer, and More Blended During Stroke Recovery.
AU  - Rohrer, Brandon
AU  - Fasoli, Susan
AU  - Krebs, Hermano Igo
AU  - Volpe, Bruce
AU  - Frontera, Walter R.
AU  - Stein, Joel
AU  - Hogan, Neville
JO  - Motor Control
JF  - Motor Control
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
SP  - 472
SN  - 10871640
N1  - Accession Number: 16373212; Author: Rohrer, Brandon: 1 Author: Fasoli, Susan: 2 Author: Krebs, Hermano Igo: 2,3 Author: Volpe, Bruce: 3 Author: Frontera, Walter R.: 4 Author: Stein, Joel: 4 Author: Hogan, Neville: 2,5 ; Author Affiliation: 1 Intelligent Systems and Robotics Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1010: 2 Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139: 3 Dept of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains, NY 10605: 4 Dept of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114: 5 Dept of Brain and Cognitive Science at MIT; No. of Pages: 12; Language: English; Publication Type: Article; Update Code: 20050314
N2  - Submovements are hypothesized building blocks of human movement, discrete ballistic movements of which more complex movements are composed. Using a novel algorithm, submovements were extracted from the point-to-point movements of 41 persons recovering from stroke. Analysis of the extracted submovements showed that, over the course of therapy, patients’ submovements tended to increase in peak speed and duration. The number of submovements employed to produce a given movement decreased. The time between the peaks of adjacent submovements decreased for inpatients (those less than 1 month post-stroke), but not for outpatients (those greater than 12 months post-stroke) as a group. Submovements became more overlapped for all patients, but more markedly for inpatients. The strength and consistency with which it quantified patients’ recovery indicates that analysis of submovement overlap might be a useful tool for measuring learning or other changes in motor behavior in future human movement studies. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR
KW  - *HUMAN mechanics
KW  - *CEREBROVASCULAR disease
KW  - *MOTOR ability
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - LEARNING
KW  - ballistic movement
KW  - movement smoothness
KW  - movement somothness
KW  - robotic therapy
KW  - scattershot algorithm
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - s3h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106473612
T1  - Submovements grow larger, fewer, and more blended during stroke recovery.
AU  - Rohrer B
AU  - Fasoli S
AU  - Krebs HI
AU  - Volpe B
AU  - Frontera WR
AU  - Stein J
AU  - Hogan N
Y1  - 2004/10//
N1  - Accession Number: 106473612. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050624. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Instrumentation: Fugl-Meyer Test of Upper Extremity Function. Grant Information: National Institutes of Health grants R01-HD36827 and R01-HD37397, the Burke Medical Research Institute, and a National Science Foundation graduate fellowship. NLM UID: 9706297. 
KW  - Stroke -- Physiopathology
KW  - Movement -- Physiology
KW  - Robotics
KW  - Stroke -- Rehabilitation
KW  - Clinical Assessment Tools
KW  - Kinematics
KW  - Recovery
KW  - Acute Disease
KW  - Chronic Disease
KW  - Data Analysis Software
KW  - Linear Regression
KW  - Adult
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - Aged
KW  - Aged, 80 and Over
KW  - Female
KW  - Male
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Human
SP  - 472
EP  - 483
JO  - Motor Control
JF  - Motor Control
JA  - MOTOR CONTROL
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
CY  - Champaign, Illinois
PB  - Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc.
AB  - Submovements are hypothesized building blocks of human movement, discrete ballistic movements of which more complex movements are composed. Using a novel algorithm, submovements were extracted from the point-to-point movements of 41 persons recovering from stroke. Analysis of the extracted submovements showed that, over the course of therapy, patients' submovements tended to increase in peak speed and duration. The number of submovements employed to produce a given movement decreased. The time between the peaks of adjacent submovements decreased for inpatients (those less than 1 month post-stroke), but not for outpatients (those greater than 12 months post-stroke) as a group. Submovements became more overlapped for all patients, but more markedly for inpatients. The strength and consistency with which it quantified patients' recovery indicates that analysis of submovement overlap might be a useful tool for measuring learning or other changes in motor behavior in future human movement studies.
SN  - 1087-1640
AD  - Intelligent Systems and Robotics Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1010
U2  - PMID: 15585902.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TY  - GEN
AU  - Loong, CK;
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P;
AU  - Kolesnikov, AI;
T1  - Neutron-scattering characterization of nanostructured materials relevant to biotechnology
CT  - Neutron-scattering characterization of nanostructured materials relevant to biotechnology
JO  - Nanotechnology
JF  - Nanotechnology
Y1  - 2004/10/01/
VL  - 15
IS  - Oct
SP  - S664
EP  - S671
SN  - 09574484
AD  - Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA ckloong@anl.gov
N1  - Accession Number: 42-04805; Language: English; References: 33; Publication Type: Proceedings; Journal Coden: NANOT; Section Heading: Pharmacology
N2  - Biomedical nanotechnology is a rapidly emerging field that encompasses many disciplines including medicine, molecular biology, materials physics and chemistry, engineering, etc. The complexity of the targeted systems demands cross-disciplinary research and international collaboration. In the materials front, understanding the fundamental properties at molecular level is important to the realization of the full potential of substances and the fruition of eventual technological applications. Neutron-scattering characterization of biomolecular systems can in principle provide unique information pertinent to nanotechnological applications. But the method is not widely utilized because neutron facilities are not normally located at industrial laboratories and university campuses. We introduce the techniques of neutron scattering for studying the organization of nanoscale structural units and their dynamic response to physical-chemical conditions. Examples are given to illustrate neutron characterization of nanostructured biomaterials and the implications for biotechnology.
KW  - Biotechnology--industry;
KW  - Nanoparticles--structure;
KW  - Analysis--nanoparticles;
KW  - Industry--biotechnology;
KW  - Structure--nanoparticles;
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - ipa
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eisen, Michael B.
AU  - Brown, Patrick O.
AU  - Varmus, Harold E.
T1  - PLoS Medicine-- A Medical Journal for the Internet Age.
JO  - PLoS Medicine
JF  - PLoS Medicine
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 002
EP  - 003
SN  - 15491277
AB  - Focuses on the open-access publication for medical journals.  Discussion on the Internet access for search of medical information; Launch of the medical journal "PLoS Medicine"; Advantage of the journal for medical research; Information on limitations of publishing medical literature.
KW  - Internet publishing
KW  - Medical publishing
KW  - Internet searching
KW  - Medical literature
KW  - Medical research
N1  - Accession Number: 14809550; Eisen, Michael B. 1,2; Brown, Patrick O. 1,3; Varmus, Harold E. 1,4; Email Address: plos@plos.org; Affiliations: 1 : Co-founder of the Public Library of Science; 2 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America; 3 : Stanford University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, California, United States of America; 4 : President and chief executive of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 1 Issue 1, p002; Thesaurus Term: Internet publishing; Thesaurus Term: Medical publishing; Thesaurus Term: Internet searching; Thesaurus Term: Medical literature; Subject Term: Medical research; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1371/journal.pmed.0010031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuller, Jack
AU  - Shadle, Larry
AU  - Joseph, Mei
T1  - Coal combustion concerns.
JO  - Power
JF  - Power
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 148
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 20
PB  - Access Intelligence LLC
SN  - 00325929
AB  - Presents the results of a survey conducted by the National Energy Technology Laboratory on critical combustion needs in coal-fired power plants in the U.S.  Reason behind the occurrence of tube bundle failures in fluidized-bed combustors; Concerns of utility owners of pulverized coal boilers; Relation of mechanical parts failure to boiler aging.
KW  - COAL-fired power plants
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - COMBUSTION chambers
KW  - PULVERIZED coal
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14982644; Fuller, Jack 1; Email Address: jfuller@wvu.edu; Shadle, Larry 2; Joseph, Mei 2; Affiliations: 1: West Virginia University, Emerita; 2: DOE's National Energy Technology Laboratory; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 148 Issue 8, p18; Thesaurus Term: COAL-fired power plants; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: COMBUSTION chambers; Subject Term: PULVERIZED coal; Subject: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562213 Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 497
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maddalena, Randy L.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Sohn, Michael D.
T1  - Standardized Approach for Developing Probabilistic Exposure Factor Distributions.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1185
EP  - 1199
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The effectiveness of a probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) depends on the quality and relevance of the output from exposure and risk models, which, in turn, depends on the critical inputs to the assessment. These critical inputs are often in the form of probabilistic exposure factor distributions that are derived for the given risk scenario. Deriving probabilistic distributions for model inputs can be time consuming and subjective. The absence of a standard approach for developing these distributions can result in PRAs that are inconsistent and difficult to review by regulatory agencies. We present an approach that reduces subjectivity in the distribution development process without limiting the flexibility needed to prepare relevant PRAs. The approach requires two steps. First, we analyze data pooled at a population scale to (i) identify the most robust demographic descriptors within the population for a given exposure factor, (ii) partition the data into subsets based on these variables, and (iii) construct archetypal distributions for each subpopulation. Second, we sample from these archetypal distributions according to site- or scenario-specific conditions to simulate exposure factor values and use these values to construct the scenario-specific input distribution. The archetypal distributions developed through Step 1 provide a consistent basis for developing scenario-specific distributions so risk assessors will not have to repeatedly collect and analyze raw data for each new assessment. We demonstrate the approach for two commonly used exposure factors—body weight (BW) and exposure duration (ED)—using data that are representative of the U.S. population. For these factors we provide a first set of subpopulation-based archetypal distributions and demonstrate methods for using these distributions to construct relevant scenario-specific probabilistic exposure factor distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - DEMOGRAPHY
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - classification and regression tree (CART)
KW  - exposure duration
KW  - probabilistic risk assessment
KW  - probability density function (PDF)
N1  - Accession Number: 15022557; Maddalena, Randy L. 1; Email Address: rlmaddalena@lbl.gov; McKone, Thomas E. 1,2; Sohn, Michael D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; 2: School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 942720, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p1185; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Thesaurus Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Thesaurus Term: DEMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: classification and regression tree (CART); Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure duration; Author-Supplied Keyword: probabilistic risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: probability density function (PDF); NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00518.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Armbrust, E. Virginia
AU  - Berges, John A.
AU  - Bowler, Chris
AU  - Green, Beverley R.
AU  - Martinez, Diego
AU  - Putnam, Nicholas H.
AU  - Zhou, Shiguo
AU  - Allen, Andrew E.
AU  - Apt, Kirk E.
AU  - Bechner, Michael
AU  - Brzezinski, Mark A.
AU  - Chaal, Balbir K.
AU  - Chiovitti, Anthony
AU  - Davis, Aubrey K.
AU  - Demarest, Mark S.
AU  - Detter, J. Chris
AU  - Glavina, Tijana
AU  - Goodstein, David
AU  - Hadi, Masood Z.
AU  - Hellsten, Uffe
T1  - The Genome of the Diatom Thalassiosira Pseudonana: Ecology, Evolution, and Metabolism.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 306
IS  - 5693
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 86
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Diatoms are unicellular algae with plastids acquired by secondary endosymbiosis. They are responsible for ∼20% of global carbon fixation. We report the 34 million-base pair draft nuclear genome of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and its 129 thousand-base pair plastid and 44 thousand-base pair mitochondrial genomes. Sequence and optical restriction mapping revealed 24 diploid nuclear chromosomes. We identified novel genes for silicic acid transport and formation of silica-based cell walls, high-affinity iron uptake, biosynthetic enzymes for several types of polyunsaturated fatty acids, use of a range of nitrogenous compounds, and a complete urea cycle, all attributes that allow diatoms to prosper in aquatic environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - DIATOMS
KW  - THALASSIOSIRA
KW  - ENDOSYMBIOSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 14698299; Armbrust, E. Virginia 1; Email Address: armbrust@ocean.washington.edu; Berges, John A. 2; Bowler, Chris 3,4; Green, Beverley R. 5; Martinez, Diego 6; Putnam, Nicholas H. 6; Zhou, Shiguo 7; Allen, Andrew E. 4,8; Apt, Kirk E. 9; Bechner, Michael 7; Brzezinski, Mark A. 10; Chaal, Balbir K. 5; Chiovitti, Anthony 11; Davis, Aubrey K. 12; Demarest, Mark S. 10; Detter, J. Chris 6; Glavina, Tijana 6; Goodstein, David 6; Hadi, Masood Z. 13; Hellsten, Uffe 6; Source Information: 10/1/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5693, p79; Subject: GENOMES; Subject: GENETICS; Subject: ECOLOGY; Subject: DIATOMS; Subject: THALASSIOSIRA; Subject: ENDOSYMBIOSIS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 6212
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Humayun, Munir
AU  - Qin, Liping
AU  - Norman, Marc D.
T1  - Geochemical Evidence for Excess Iron in the Mantle Beneath Hawaii.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 306
IS  - 5693
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 94
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Chemical interaction of Earth's mantle with the liquid outer core should influence the mantle's iron content. Osmium isotope ratios in Hawaiian lavas indicate a mass flux of <1% core to the mantle, which is the immediate source of these lavas. We present precise measurements of the Fe/Mn ratio for Hawaiian lavas, revealing an increase of 1 to 2% in the mole fraction of iron in the mantle beneath Hawaii. This corresponds to a density anomaly of about 0.5%, about the same magnitude observed in seismic tomography models of the Pacific superswell region. These data also rule out a role for Mn-rich sediments as the source of the Hawaiian Os isotope signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - IRON
KW  - METALS
KW  - LAVA
KW  - VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.
N1  - Accession Number: 14698302; Humayun, Munir 1,2; Email Address: humayun@magnet.fsu.edu; Qin, Liping 1; Norman, Marc D. 3; Source Information: 10/1/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5693, p91; Subject: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject: EARTH sciences; Subject: IRON; Subject: METALS; Subject: LAVA; Subject: VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3263
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GURVITS, LEONID
AU  - RODMAN, LEIBA
T1  - ON MATRIX POLYNOMIALS WITH REAL ROOTS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 758
EP  - 764
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - It is proved that the roots of combinations of matrix polynomials with real roots can be recast as eigenvalues of combinations of real symmetric matrices, under certain hypotheses. The proof is based on the recent solution of the Lax conjecture. Several applications and corollaries, in particular concerning hyperbolic matrix polynomials, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - SYMMETRIC matrices
KW  - HYPERBOLIC groups
KW  - MULTIPLICITY (Mathematics)
KW  - ROOTS of equations
KW  - hyperbolic polynomials
KW  - matrix polynomials
N1  - Accession Number: 84393029; GURVITS, LEONID 1; Email Address: gurvits@lanl.gov; RODMAN, LEIBA 2; Email Address: lxrodm@math.wm.edu; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; 2: College of William and Mary, Department of Mathematics, P. O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p758; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: SYMMETRIC matrices; Subject Term: HYPERBOLIC groups; Subject Term: MULTIPLICITY (Mathematics); Subject Term: ROOTS of equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperbolic polynomials; Author-Supplied Keyword: matrix polynomials; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/040606089
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=84393029&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsson, B.
AU  - Möller, K.
AU  - Köhl, M.
AU  - Heck, M.
AU  - Brunold, S.
AU  - Frei, U.
AU  - Marechal, J.-C.
AU  - Jorgensen, G.
T1  - The applicability of accelerated life testing for assessment of service life of solar thermal components
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 84
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 274
SN  - 09270248
AB  - To achieve successful commercialisation of new advanced windows and solar façade components for buildings, the durability of these need to be demonstrated prior to installation by use of reliable and well-accepted test methods. In Task 27 Performance of Solar Facade Components of the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme work has therefore been undertaken with the objective to develop a general methodology for durability test procedures and service lifetime prediction methods adaptable to the wide variety of advanced optical materials and components used in energy efficient solar thermal and buildings applications. As the result of this work a general methodology has been developed. The proposed methodology includes three steps: (a) initial risk analysis of potential failure modes, (b) screening testing/analysis for service life prediction and microclimate characterisation, and (c) service life prediction involving mathematical modelling and life testing.The applicability of the working scheme to be employed in the development of durability test procedures has been analysed for selective solar absorber surfaces and polymeric glazing materials in flat plate solar collectors. The examples show the great applicability of the general methodology for accelerated life testing. This will allow much shorter development cycle times for new products and will allow improvements to be identified and readily incorporated in new products prior to market introduction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar energy
KW  - Solar heating
KW  - Power resources
KW  - Materials
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Accelerated testing
KW  - Durability
KW  - Polymeric glazing material
KW  - Selective solar absorber surface
KW  - Service life prediction
KW  - Solar thermal materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14188131; Carlsson, B. 1; Email Address: bo.carlsson@sp.se; Möller, K. 1; Köhl, M. 2; Heck, M. 2; Brunold, S. 3; Frei, U. 3; Marechal, J.-C. 4; Jorgensen, G. 5; Affiliations: 1 : SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, P.O. Box 857, SE-501 15, Borås, Sweden; 2 : Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE), Heidenhofstr. 2, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany; 3 : Institut für Solartechnik (SPF), Hochschule Rapperswil HSR, CH-8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland; 4 : CSTB Centre Scientific et Technique du Batiment, F-38400 Saint-Martin D’Heres, France; 5 : National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 84 Issue 1-4, p255; Thesaurus Term: Solar energy; Thesaurus Term: Solar heating; Thesaurus Term: Power resources; Subject Term: Materials; Subject Term: Methodology; Subject Term: Mathematical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerated testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Durability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymeric glazing material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective solar absorber surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Service life prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar thermal materials; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Townsend, Ted
AU  - Larson, Allan
AU  - Louis, Edward
AU  - Macey, J.
T1  - Molecular Phylogenetics of Squamata: The Position of Snakes, Amphisbaenians, and Dibamids, and the Root of the Squamate Tree.
JO  - Systematic Biology
JF  - Systematic Biology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 53
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
EP  - 757
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10635157
AB  - Squamate reptiles (snakes, lizards, and amphisbaenians) serve as model systems for evolutionary studies of a variety of morphological and behavioral traits, and phylogeny is crucial to many generalizations derived from such studies. Specifically, the traditional dichotomy between Iguania (anoles, iguanas, chameleons, etc.) and Scleroglossa (skinks, geckos, snakes, etc.) has been correlated with major evolutionary shifts within Squamata. We present a molecular phylogenetic study of 69 squamate species using approximately 4600 (2876 parsimony-informative) base pairs (bp) of DNA sequence data from the nuclear genesRAG-1(&nvsim;2750 bp) andc-mos(&nvsim;360 bp) and the mitochondrialND2region (&nvsim;1500 bp), sampling all major clades and most major subclades. Under our hypothesis, species previously placed in Iguania, Anguimorpha, and almost all recognized squamate families form strongly supported monophyletic groups. However, species previously placed in Scleroglossa, Varanoidea, and several other higher taxa do not form monophyletic groups. Iguania, the traditional sister group of Scleroglossa, is actually highly nested within Scleroglossa. This unconventional rooting does not seem to be due to long-branch attraction, base composition biases among taxa, or convergence caused by similar selective forces acting on nonsister taxa. Studies of functional tongue morphology and feeding mode have contrasted the similar states found inSphenodon(the nearest outgroup to squamates) and Iguania with those of Scleroglossa, but our findings suggest that similar states inSphenodonand Iguania result from homoplasy. Snakes, amphisbaenians, and dibamid lizards, limbless forms whose phylogenetic positions historically have been impossible to place with confidence, are not grouped together and appear to have evolved this condition independently. Amphisbaenians are the sister group of lacertids, and dibamid lizards diverged early in squamate evolutionary history. Snakes are grouped with iguanians, lacertiforms, and anguimorphs, but are not nested within anguimorphs. [Amphisbaenia; Dibamidae; DNA; Iguania; lizards; long-branch attraction; mitochondrial; nuclear; phylogeny; Scleroglossa; Serpentes, Squamata.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Systematic Biology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - SQUAMATA
KW  - REPTILES
KW  - LIZARDS
KW  - SNAKES
KW  - DIBAMIDAE
N1  - Accession Number: 15314086; Townsend, Ted 1; Email Address: townsend@mail.utexas.edu; Larson, Allan 2; Email Address: larsontl@biology.wustl.edu; Louis, Edward 3; Email Address: edlo@omahazoo.com; Macey, J. 4; Email Address: JR@Macey@lbl.gov; Source Information: Oct2004, Vol. 53 Issue 5, p735; Subject: PHYLOGENY; Subject: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject: SQUAMATA; Subject: REPTILES; Subject: LIZARDS; Subject: SNAKES; Subject: DIBAMIDAE; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10635150490522340
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moses, W. W.
AU  - Choong, W.-S.
AU  - Derenzo, S. E.
AU  - Bross, A. D.
AU  - Dysert, R.
AU  - Rykalin, V. V.
AU  - Shah, K. S.
AU  - Klugerman, M.
T1  - Observation of Fast Scintillation of Cryogenic PbI2 With VLPCs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10/02/Oct2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2533
EP  - 2536
SN  - 00189499
AB  - At cryogenic temperatures (∼ 10 K), undoped lead iodide (PbI2) has material and scintillation properties that are very attractive for positron emission tomorgraphy (PET). However, the PbI2 emissions are quenched at temperatures >40 K, so close optical coupling between the scintillator and photodetector requires a photodetector that also operates at cryogenic temperatures. This suggests the visible light photon counter (VLPC), which operates at similar temperatures and combines high gain and high quantum efficiency. We proximity couple (0.001 in air gap) PbI2 crystals with 1.0-2.5 mm dimensions to a 1 mm diameter VLPC and cool the system to 8.5 K. Signals with short (<10 ns) duration are observed. When excited with 511 keV photons, a coincidence timing resolution of 1.3 ns full-width at half-maximum is measured. While a clear photopeak is observed for 122 keV excitation, no clear photopeak is seen under 511 keV excitation (possibly due to the poor optical quality of the PbI2 crystals). While the present configuration must be scaled-up considerably, a cryogenic PbI2/VLPC combination may eventually become the basis for a practical time-of-flight PET camera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 16249991; Moses, W. W. 1; Email Address: wwmoses@lbl.gov; Choong, W.-S. 1; Derenzo, S. E. 1; Bross, A. D. 2; Dysert, R. 2; Rykalin, V. V. 3; Shah, K. S. 4; Klugerman, M. 4; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA USA.; 3: Northern illinois Center for Accelerator and Detector Development, National illinois, DeKalb, University, IL 60115 USA.; 4: RMD, Inc., Watertown, MA 02472 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2533; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835772
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaska, P.
AU  - Woody, C. L.
AU  - Schlyer, D. J.
AU  - Shokouhi, S.
AU  - Stoll, S. P.
AU  - Pratte, J.-F.
AU  - O'Connor, P.
AU  - Junnarkar, S. S.
AU  - Rescia, S.
AU  - Yu, B.
AU  - Purschke, M.
AU  - Kandasamy, A.
AU  - Villanueva, A.
AU  - Kriplani, A.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Volkow, N.
AU  - Lecomte, R.
AU  - Fontaine, R.
T1  - RatCAP: Miniaturized Head-Mounted PET for Conscious Rodent Brain Imaging.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10/02/Oct2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2718
EP  - 2718
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Anesthesia is currently required for positron emission tomography (PET) studies of the animal brain in order to eliminate motion artifacts. However, anesthesia profoundly affects the neurological state of the animal, complicating the interpretation of PET data. Furthermore, it precludes the use of PET to study the brain during normal behavior. The rat conscious animal PET tomograph (RatCAP) is designed to eliminate the need for anesthesia in rat brain studies. It is a miniaturized full-ring PET scanner that is attached directly to the head, imaging nearly the entire brain. RatCAP utilizes arrays of 2 mm × 2 mm LSO crystals coupled to matching avalanche photodiode arrays, which are in turn read out by full custom integrated circuits. Principal challenges have been addressed considering the physical constraints on size, weight, and heat generation in addition to the usual requirements of small-animal PET, such as high spatial resolution in the presence of parallax error. A partial prototype has been constructed and preliminary measurements and optimization completed. Realistic Monte Carlo simulations have also been carried out to optimize system performance, which is predicted to be competitive with existing microPET systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - BRAIN -- Radiography
KW  - AVALANCHE diodes
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16250017; Vaska, P. 1; Email Address: vaska@bnl.gov; Woody, C. L. 1; Schlyer, D. J. 1; Shokouhi, S. 1; Stoll, S. P. 1; Pratte, J.-F. 1; O'Connor, P. 1; Junnarkar, S. S. 1; Rescia, S. 1; Yu, B. 1; Purschke, M. 1; Kandasamy, A. 1; Villanueva, A. 1; Kriplani, A. 1; Radeka, V. 1; Volkow, N. 2; Lecomte, R. 3; Fontaine, R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD 20892-9561 USA.; 3: Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QCJ1K 2RI,Canada.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2718; Thesaurus Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: BRAIN -- Radiography; Subject Term: AVALANCHE diodes; Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835740
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=16250017&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shaneyfelt, Marty R.
AU  - Tangyunyong, Paiboon
AU  - Hill, Thomas A.
AU  - Soden, Jerry M.
AU  - Flores, Richard S.
AU  - Schwank, James R.
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
AU  - Hash, Gerald L.
T1  - Identification of Radiation-Induced Parasitic Leakage Paths Using Light Emission Microscopy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10/03/Oct2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2782
EP  - 2786
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Eliminating radiation-induced parasitic leakage paths in integrated circuits (ICs) is key to improving their total dose hardness. Semiconductor manufacturers can use a combination of design and/or process techniques to eliminate known radiation-induced parasitic leakage paths. However, unknown or critical radiation-induced parasitic leakage may still exist on fully processed ICs and it is extremely difficult (if not impossible) to identify these leakage paths based on radiation induced parametric degradation. We show that light emission microscopy can be used to identify the location of radiation-induced parasitic leakage paths in ICs. This is illustrated by using light emission microscopy to find radiation-induced parasitic leakage paths in partially-depleted silicon on insulator static random-access memories (SRAMs). Once leakage paths were identified, modifications were made to the SRAM design to improve the total dose radiation hardness of the SRAMs. Light emission microscopy should prove to be an important tool for the development of future radiation hardened technologies and devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - RANDOM access memory
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 16249900; Shaneyfelt, Marty R. 1; Tangyunyong, Paiboon 1; Hill, Thomas A. 1; Soden, Jerry M. 1; Flores, Richard S. 1; Schwank, James R. 1; Dodd, Paul E. 1; Hash, Gerald L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1083 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2782; Thesaurus Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Thesaurus Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM access memory; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castellani-Coulié, K.
AU  - Sagnes, B.
AU  - Saigné, F.
AU  - Palau, J.-M.
AU  - Calvet, M.-C.
AU  - Dodd, P. E.
AU  - Sexton, F. W.
T1  - Study of an SOI SRAM Sensitivity to SEU by 3-D Device Simulation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10/03/Oct2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2799
EP  - 2804
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Silicon on insulator static random-access memory cell sensitivity to single event upset is studied. Currents and sensitive regions are then considered. Because of the buried oxide, the main part of these results appears to be different to that for bulk technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM access memory
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16249903; Castellani-Coulié, K. 1; Email Address: karine.castellani@up.univ-mrs.fr; Sagnes, B. 2; Email Address: sagnes@cem2.univ-montp2.fr; Saigné, F. 2; Email Address: saigne@cem2.univ-montp2.fr; Palau, J.-M. 2; Email Address: palau@cem2.univ-montp2.fr; Calvet, M.-C. 3; Email Address: marie-catherine.calvet@launchers.eads.net; Dodd, P. E. 4; Email Address: pedodd@sandia.gov; Sexton, F. W. 4; Email Address: sextonfw@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Université Aix-Marseille, 13384 Marseille Cedex 13, France; 2: Centre d'Electronique et de Micro-Optoélectronique de Montpellier (CEM2), Equipe Electronique et Rayonnements, Université Montpellier II, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France; 3: EADS-ST, Les Mureaux Cedex 78133, France; 4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2799; Thesaurus Term: RANDOM access memory; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Thesaurus Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835076
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morin, Jim
AU  - Ettington, Dick
AU  - Buechner, William
AU  - Zweibel, Ken
AU  - Hughes, Robert E.
T1  - Readers Report.
JO  - BusinessWeek
JF  - BusinessWeek
J1  - BusinessWeek
PY  - 2004/10/04/
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
IS  - 3902
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 22
SN  - 00077135
AB  - Present letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. "For The Unions, An Opportunity--And a Crises," which discusses the future of organized labor; "America Needs Good Roads, To Keep On Truckin'," which stresses the need to invest in road transportation improvement and maintenance; "The Self-Employed Are Not Scamming Insurers," which defends the National Association for the Self-Employed (NASE) against allegations that it is responsible for health-care insurance scams.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - LABOR unions
KW  - ROADS -- Maintenance & repair
KW  - TRUCKING
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - HEALTH insurance
KW  - SELF-employed
N1  - Accession Number: 14523214; Source Information: 10/4/2004, Issue 3902, p20; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: LABOR unions; Subject Term: ROADS -- Maintenance & repair; Subject Term: TRUCKING; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: HEALTH insurance; Subject Term: SELF-employed; Subject Term: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; ; Document Type: Article; ; Full Text Word Count: 880; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaniman, David T.
AU  - Bish, David L.
AU  - Chipera, Steve J.
AU  - Fialips, Claire I.
AU  - William Carey, J.
AU  - Feldman, William C.
T1  - Magnesium sulphate salts and the history of water on Mars.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/10/07/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7009
M3  - Article
SP  - 663
EP  - 665
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Recent reports of~30?wt% of sulphate within saline sediments on Mars-probably occurring in hydrated form-suggest a role for sulphates in accounting for equatorial H2O observed in a global survey by the Odyssey spacecraft. Among salt hydrates likely to be present, those of the MgSO4·nH2O series have many hydration states. Here we report the exposure of several of these phases to varied temperature, pressure and humidity to constrain their possible H2O contents under martian surface conditions. We found that crystalline structure and H2O content are dependent on temperature-pressure history, that an amorphous hydrated phase with slow dehydration kinetics forms at<1% relative humidity, and that equilibrium calculations may not reflect the true H2O-bearing potential of martian soils. Mg sulphate salts can retain sufficient H2O to explain a portion of the Odyssey observations. Because phases in the MgSO4·nH2O system are sensitive to temperature and humidity, they can reveal much about the history of water on Mars. However, their ease of transformation implies that salt hydrates collected on Mars will not be returned to Earth unmodified, and that accurate in situ analysis is imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - SALTS
KW  - WATER
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - HUMIDITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14622977; Vaniman, David T. 1; Bish, David L. 2; Chipera, Steve J. 1; Fialips, Claire I. 1; William Carey, J. 1; Feldman, William C. 2; Source Information: 10/7/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7009, p663; Subject: MAGNESIUM; Subject: SALTS; Subject: WATER; Subject: MARS (Planet); Subject: SURVEYS; Subject: HUMIDITY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02973
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonev, Stanimir A.
AU  - Schwegler, Eric
AU  - Ogitsu, Tadashi
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - A quantum fluid of metallic hydrogen suggested by first-principles calculations.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/10/07/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7009
M3  - Article
SP  - 669
EP  - 672
SN  - 00280836
AB  - It is generally assumed that solid hydrogen will transform into a metallic alkali-like crystal at sufficiently high pressure. However, some theoretical models have also suggested that compressed hydrogen may form an unusual two-component (protons and electrons) metallic fluid at low temperature, or possibly even a zero-temperature liquid ground state. The existence of these new states of matter is conditional on the presence of a maximum in the melting temperature versus pressure curve (the‘melt line’). Previous measurements of the hydrogen melt line up to pressures of 44?GPa have led to controversial conclusions regarding the existence of this maximum. Here we report ab initio calculations that establish the melt line up to 200?GPa. We predict that subtle changes in the intermolecular interactions lead to a decline of the melt line above 90?GPa. The implication is that as solid molecular hydrogen is compressed, it transforms into a low-temperature quantum fluid before becoming a monatomic crystal. The emerging low-temperature phase diagram of hydrogen and its isotopes bears analogies with the familiar phases of3He and4He (the only known zero-temperature liquids), but the long-range Coulomb interactions and the large component mass ratio present in hydrogen would result in dramatically different properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 14622979; Bonev, Stanimir A. 1; Schwegler, Eric 1; Ogitsu, Tadashi 1; Galli, Giulia 1; Source Information: 10/7/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7009, p669; Subject: METALS; Subject: HYDROGEN; Subject: CRYSTALS; Subject: LIQUIDS; Subject: TEMPERATURE; Subject: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02968
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lobscheid, Agnes B.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
T1  - Constraining uncertainties about the sources and magnitude of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in ambient air: the state of Minnesota as a case study
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 5501
EP  - 5515
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Emissions data are often lacking or uncertain for many airborne contaminants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from combustion sources fall into this category. Currently available ambient-air emission inventories of PAHs either fail to account for population-based activities, such as residential wood combustion (RWC) and motor vehicle (MV) activity, and/or report “total PAH” or particulate organic matter emissions, instead of individual compound emissions. We assess the degree of overlap between predicted concentrations from estimated emissions with measured concentrations. Our analysis is based on probabilistic analysis of measured outdoor air concentrations with those predicted from mass-balance models. Based on available information, we estimate the relative magnitude of emissions from three major sources of PAHs to outdoor air: (1) on-road MVs, including light-duty gasoline vehicles and diesel-powered buses and medium and heavy-duty trucks; (2) RWC; and (3) power generation from external combustion boilers. We use the CalTOX regional multimedia mass-balance model to evaluate our emissions estimates in rural and urban regions of the state of Minnesota, USA. We compare model estimates of outdoor PAH airborne concentrations with those reported by the Minnesota Children''s Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES). With these measured concentrations we probabilistically evaluate the reliability of our emissions estimates for specific PAHs. The median estimates of our predicted outdoor air concentrations agree within an order of magnitude of measured concentrations. For four representative PAHs, we obtain a reasonable degree of overlap between empirical and predicted distributions of outdoor air concentrations. Our combination of models, emissions estimates, and empirical concentration data estimate exposure in a manner that is more reliable than any of these tools alone. Thereby, we increase our confidence about our plausible ranges of emissions and predicted concentrations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Diesel fuel motor vehicles
KW  - Emissions inventory
KW  - External combustion boilers
KW  - Gasoline motor vehicles
KW  - Residential wood combustion
N1  - Accession Number: 14373641; Lobscheid, Agnes B.; Email Address: ablobscheid@lbl.gov; McKone, Thomas E. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;  Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 38 Issue 33, p5501; Thesaurus Term: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diesel fuel motor vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions inventory; Author-Supplied Keyword: External combustion boilers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gasoline motor vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residential wood combustion; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.06.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Knight, Alec
AU  - Zhivotovsky, Lev A.
AU  - Kass, David H.
AU  - Litwin, Daryl E.
AU  - Creen, Lance D.
AU  - White, P. Scott
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5695
M3  - Letter
SP  - 409
EP  - 410
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a response to a letter to the editor related to DNA analysis.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 14831727; Knight, Alec 1; Zhivotovsky, Lev A. 2; Kass, David H. 3; Litwin, Daryl E. 4; Creen, Lance D. 5; White, P. Scott 5; Source Information: 10/15/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5695, p409; Subject: LETTERS to the editor; Subject: DNA; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1202
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nóbrega, Marcelo A.
AU  - Zhu, Yiwen
AU  - Plajzer-Frick, Ingrid
AU  - Afzal, Veena
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
T1  - Megabase deletions of gene deserts result in viable mice.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/10/21/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7011
M3  - Article
SP  - 988
EP  - 993
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The functional importance of the roughly 98% of mammalian genomes not corresponding to protein coding sequences remains largely undetermined. Here we show that some large-scale deletions of the non-coding DNA referred to as gene deserts can be well tolerated by an organism. We deleted two large non-coding intervals, 1,511 kilobases and 845 kilobases in length, from the mouse genome. Viable mice homozygous for the deletions were generated and were indistinguishable from wild-type littermates with regard to morphology, reproductive fitness, growth, longevity and a variety of parameters assaying general homeostasis. Further detailed analysis of the expression of multiple genes bracketing the deletions revealed only minor expression differences in homozygous deletion and wild-type mice. Together, the two deleted segments harbour 1,243 non-coding sequences conserved between humans and rodents (more than 100 base pairs, 70% identity). Some of the deleted sequences might encode for functions unidentified in our screen; nonetheless, these studies further support the existence of potentially‘disposable DNA’in the genomes of mammals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIMAL genome mapping
KW  - ANIMAL genetics
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - MICE
N1  - Accession Number: 14764721; Nóbrega, Marcelo A. 1; Zhu, Yiwen 1; Plajzer-Frick, Ingrid 1; Afzal, Veena 1; Rubin, Edward M. 1; Source Information: 10/21/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7011, p988; Subject: ANIMAL genome mapping; Subject: ANIMAL genetics; Subject: MAMMALS; Subject: GENOMES; Subject: GENOMICS; Subject: MICE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature03022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bragg, A. E.
AU  - Verlet, J. R. R.
AU  - Kammrath, A.
AU  - Cheshnovsky, O.
AU  - Neumark, D. M.
T1  - Hydrated Electron Dynamics: From Clusters to Bulk.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5696
M3  - Article
SP  - 669
EP  - 671
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The electronic relaxation dynamics of size-selected (H[sub 2]O)[sub n]∼/(D[sub2]O)[sub n]- [25 ≤ n ≤ 50] clusters have been studied with time-resolved photoelectron imaging. The excess electron (e[sup -][sub c]) was excited through the e[sup -][sub c](p) ← e[sup -][sub c](s) transition with an ultrafast laser pulse, with subsequent evolution of the excited state monitored with photodetachment and photoelectron imaging. All clusters exhibited p-state population decay with concomitant s-state repopulation (internal conversion) on time scales ranging from 180 to 130 femtoseconds for (H[sub 2]O)[sub n][sup -] and 400 to 225 femtoseconds for (D[sub 2]O)[sub n][sup -]; the lifetimes decrease with increasing cluster sizes. Our results support the "nonadiabatic relaxation" mechanism for the bulk hydrated electron (e[sup -][sub aq]), which invokes a 50-femtosecond e[sup -][sub aq] (p) → e[sup -][sub aq] (s†) internal conversion lifetime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - RELAXATION phenomena
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14884267; Bragg, A. E. 1; Verlet, J. R. R. 1; Kammrath, A. 1; Cheshnovsky, O. 2; Neumark, D. M. 1,3; Email Address: dan@radon.cchem.berkeley.edu; Source Information: 10/22/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5696, p669; Subject: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject: LASERS; Subject: RELAXATION phenomena; Subject: IMAGING systems; Subject: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3091
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kemner, Kenneth M.
AU  - Kelly, Shelly D.
AU  - Lai, Barry
AU  - Maser, Joerg
AU  - O'Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Sholto-Douglas, Deirdre
AU  - Cai, Zhonghou
AU  - Schneegurt, Mark A.
AU  - Kulpa Jr., Charles F.
AU  - Nealson, Kenneth H.
T1  - Elemental and Redox Analysis of Single Bacterial Cells by X-ray Microbeam Analysis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5696
M3  - Article
SP  - 686
EP  - 687
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - High-energy x-ray fluorescence measurements were used to make elemental maps and qualitative chemical analyses of individual Pseudomonas fluorescens strain NCIMB 11764 cells. Marked differences between planktonic and adhered cells were seen in the morphology, elemental composition, and sensitivity to Cr(VI) of hydrated cells at spatial scales of 150 nm. This technology can be applied to natural geomicrobiological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - PLANKTON
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - CELLS
N1  - Accession Number: 14884272; Kemner, Kenneth M. 1; Email Address: kemner@anl.gov; Kelly, Shelly D. 1; Lai, Barry 1; Maser, Joerg 1; O'Loughlin, Edward J. 1; Sholto-Douglas, Deirdre 1; Cai, Zhonghou 1; Schneegurt, Mark A. 2; Kulpa Jr., Charles F. 3; Nealson, Kenneth H. 4; Source Information: 10/22/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5696, p686; Subject: X-rays; Subject: FLUORESCENCE; Subject: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject: PLANKTON; Subject: MORPHOLOGY; Subject: HYDRATION; Subject: CELLS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1437
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abbamonte, P.
AU  - Blumberg, G.
AU  - Rusydi, A.
AU  - Gozar, A.
AU  - Evans, P.G.
AU  - Siegrist, T.
AU  - Venema, L.
AU  - Eisaki, H.
AU  - Isaacs, E.D.
AU  - Sawatzky, G.A.
T1  - Crystallization of charge holes in the spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/10/28/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7012
M3  - Article
SP  - 1078
EP  - 1081
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Determining the nature of the electronic phases that compete with superconductivity in high-transition-temperature (high- Tc) superconductors is one of the deepest problems in condensed matter physics. One candidate is the `stripe' phase, in which the charge carriers (holes) condense into rivers of charge that separate regions of antiferro magnetism. A related but lesser known system is the `spin ladder', which consists of two coupled chains of magnetic ions forming an array of rungs. A doped ladder can be thought of as a high-Tc material with lower dimensionality, and has been predicted to exhibit both superconductivity and an insulating `hole crystal' phase in which the carriers are localized through many-body interactions. The competition between the two resembles that believed to operate between stripes and superconductivity in high-Tc materials. Here we report the existence of a hole crystal in the doped spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41 using a resonant X-ray scattering technique. This phase exists without a detectable distortion in the structural lattice, indicating that it arises from many-body electronic effects. Our measurements confirm theoretical predictions, and support the picture that proximity to charge ordered states is a general property of superconductivity in copper oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14836589; Abbamonte, P. 1,2; Email Address: abbamonte@bnl.gov; Blumberg, G. 3; Rusydi, A. 1,4; Gozar, A. 3,5; Evans, P.G. 6; Siegrist, T. 3; Venema, L. 4; Eisaki, H. 7; Isaacs, E.D. 3,8; Sawatzky, G.A. 9; Source Information: 10/28/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7012, p1078; Subject: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02925
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sondermann, Holger
AU  - Soisson, Stephen M.
AU  - Boykevisch, Sean
AU  - Yang, Shao-Song
AU  - Bar-Sagi, Dafna
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural Analysis of Autoinhibition in the Ras Activator Son of Sevenless
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2004/10/29/
VL  - 119
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
EP  - 405
SN  - 00928674
AB  - The classical model for the activation of the nucleotide exchange factor Son of sevenless (SOS) involves its recruitment to the membrane, where it engages Ras. The recent discovery that Ras•GTP is an allosteric activator of SOS indicated that the regulation of SOS is more complex than originally envisaged. We now present crystallographic and biochemical analyses of a construct of SOS that contains the Dbl homology-pleckstrin homology (DH-PH) and catalytic domains and show that the DH-PH unit blocks the allosteric binding site for Ras and suppresses the activity of SOS. SOS is dependent on Ras binding to the allosteric site for both a lower level of activity, which is a result of Ras•GDP binding, and maximal activity, which requires Ras•GTP. The action of the DH-PH unit gates a reciprocal interaction between Ras and SOS, in which Ras converts SOS from low to high activity forms as Ras•GDP is converted to Ras•GTP by SOS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14869774; Sondermann, Holger 1,2; Soisson, Stephen M. 3; Boykevisch, Sean 4; Yang, Shao-Song 4; Bar-Sagi, Dafna 4; Kuriyan, John 1,2; Email Address: kuriyan@berkeley.edu; Source Information: 10/29/2004, Vol. 119 Issue 3, p393; Subject: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Subject: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - hch
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huffman, Alan
AU  - Kwan, Simon
T1  - Advanced Packaging Techniques Impact High-energy Physics Research.
JO  - Advanced Packaging
JF  - Advanced Packaging
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 13
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
PB  - PennWell Corporation
SN  - 10650555
AB  - This article reports that the scientists at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory are working on a new major high energy physics project, the BTeV or the B physics at the Tevatron experiment. This experiment is designed to deeply probe several aspects of the Standard Model, the baseline particle physics theory for several decades. At the very least, BTeV will make very precise measurements of many Standard Model parameters. It is hoped that these precise measurements will point the way to a more fundamental theory of particle physics.
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - PARTICLE physics
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR models
N1  - Accession Number: 15116697; Huffman, Alan 1; Email Address: huffman@mcnc.org.; Kwan, Simon 2; Email Address: swalk@fnal.gov.; Affiliations: 1: research engineer with the Advanced Electronic Packaging Group, MCNC Research arid Development Institute, P.O. Box 13910, 3021 Comwallts Road, Research Tnangle Park.; 2: senior scien- tist, may be contacted at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. P.O. Box 500, Batavia.; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 13 Issue 11, p16; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: PARTICLE physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
T1  - Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them) (Book).
JO  - American Statistician
JF  - American Statistician
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 58
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 359
EP  - 359
SN  - 15372731
AB  - Reviews the book "Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them)," by Phillip I. Good and James W. Hardin.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GOOD, Phillip I.
KW  - HARDIN, James W.
KW  - COMMON Errors in Statistics: And How to Avoid Them (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14912481; Anderson-Cook, Christine M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 58 Issue 4, p359; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: COMMON Errors in Statistics: And How to Avoid Them (Book); People: GOOD, Phillip I.; People: HARDIN, James W.; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Menon, Surabi
T1  - CURRENT UNCERTAINTIES IN ASSESSING AEROSOL EFFECTS ON CLIMATE.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - C-3
SN  - 15435938
AB  - The effect of anthropogenic emissions from activities, such as fossil-fuel, biomass, and biofuel burning; transportation; and land-clearing; have a profound impact on the climate system. The impact of these activities is manifested in observed changes in temperature, precipitation, sea-level rise, melting of glaciers, air quality, health, and agriculture yields, to name a few. The obvious question to ask is the role that these different processes play in affecting climate and what action could one impose to curtail or constrain adverse human impacts on climate. Greenhouse gases have long been studied, as they play a major role in changing climate. But over the past 10-20 years, aerosols have emerged as the other big contenders in climate change studies. This review focuses on the current understanding of the effects of aerosols on climate, with an emphasis on the thermodynamical and indirect aerosol effects. We also examine available measurements that could be used to decipher the aerosol influence on climate, with an outlook on how the uncertainties in aerosol effects may impact future climate predictions and policy changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - aerosol-cloud-climate interactions
KW  - carbonaceous aerosols
KW  - climate change
KW  - climate predictions
N1  - Accession Number: 14892396; Menon, Surabi 1; Email Address: smenon@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1 : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies/Columbia University, New York, NY 10025;  Source Info: 2004, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Author-Supplied Keyword: aerosol-cloud-climate interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbonaceous aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate predictions; Number of Pages: 33p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.29.063003.132549
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - 8gh
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kowarski, L.
T1  - ATOMIC ENERGY DEVELOPMENTS IN FRANCE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1948/05//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Speech
SP  - 139
EP  - 155
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 20846250; Kowarski, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: May1948, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p139; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Speech
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuper, J. B. H.
T1  - RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING FOR CIVIL DEFENSE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1951/10//
VL  - 7
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 320
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21331075; Kuper, J. B. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Head of Electronics and Instrumentation, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct1951, Vol. 7 Issue 10, p313; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - SCIENTIFIC MANPOWER.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1952/01//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 27
EP  - 30
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21330663; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Chemist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1952, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p27; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - MANPOWER: UNIVERSAL MILITARY TRAINING.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1952/02//
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 55
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21330689; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Chemist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb1952, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p54; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - TACTICAL PROBLEM ATOMIC WEAPONS AND THE OF ULTIMATE CONTROL.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1952/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 84
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21330713; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Staff, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar1952, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p79; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Methods of Operations Research.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1952/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 163
EP  - 163
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21330751; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun1952, Vol. 8 Issue 5, p163; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - How Shall We Establish a Nuclear Power Industry in the United States?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1953/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
EP  - 124
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21307100; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director of Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: May1953, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p120; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Atomic Power: An Economic and Social Analysis.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1953/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 152
EP  - 152
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21307117; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: May1953, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p152; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Menke, John R.
T1  - Why the Dual Purpose Breeder Reactor?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1953/06//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 164
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21307123; Menke, John R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun1953, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p162; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinn, Walter H.
T1  - The Case for Breeding.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1953/06//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 175
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21307126; Zinn, Walter H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun1953, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p169; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard
T1  - Experimental Nuclear Physics, Volume 1.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1954/01//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21307239; Katzin, Leonard 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1954, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p30; Number of Pages: 1/7p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard
T1  - Isotopes in Biochemistry.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1954/01//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21307241; Katzin, Leonard 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1954, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p30; Number of Pages: 1/7p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Energy in the Future.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1954/03//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 98
EP  - 99
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21307280; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar1954, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p98; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Ban H-Bomb Tests and Favor the Defense.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1954/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 356
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21330897; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov1954, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p353; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goudsmit, S. A.
T1  - The Task of the Security Officer.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1955/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 147
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368712; Goudsmit, S. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chairman, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr1955, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p145; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - The Stassen Appointment: Turning Point in Disarmament Thinking?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1955/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
EP  - 216
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368740; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun1955, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p204; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langsdorf Jr., Alexander
T1  - The New Men.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1955/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 226
EP  - 226
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368750; Langsdorf Jr., Alexander 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun1955, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p226; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Hughes, Donald J.
T1  - Positive Aspects of the Release of Secret Information.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1956/05//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 169
EP  - 172
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368398; Hughes, Donald J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: May1956, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p169; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - The Bomb--Challenge and Answer.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1956/05//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 184
EP  - 184
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368412; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: May1956, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p184; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Armament Decision in a Democracy.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1956/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 284
EP  - 319
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368461; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physics, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct1956, Vol. 12 Issue 8, p284; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Today's Revolution.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1956/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
M3  - Essay
SP  - 299
EP  - 302
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368465; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Research Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct1956, Vol. 12 Issue 8, p299; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Essay
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Prospects for Stopping Nuclear Tests.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/01//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 23
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368521; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois; Source Info: Jan1957, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p19; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Scientists in Short Supply.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 71
EP  - 72
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368558; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb1957, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p71; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langsdorf Jr., Alexander
T1  - The Laws of Nature.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 72
EP  - 72
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368560; Langsdorf Jr., Alexander 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb1957, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p72; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katzin, Leonard I.
T1  - Atomic Energy and Congress/Government Contracting in Atomic Energy.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 145
EP  - 145
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368593; Katzin, Leonard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr1957, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p145; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Arms Control Effort Buried in State.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/05//
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
EP  - 175
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368615; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: May1957, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p174; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hughes, Donald J.
T1  - Atoms for the World.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/05//
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 180
EP  - 180
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21368620; Hughes, Donald J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: May1957, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p180; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snell, Arthur H.
T1  - Power for the Future.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1957/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 372
EP  - 372
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386737; Snell, Arthur H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Dec1957, Vol. 13 Issue 10, p372; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brues, Austin M.
T1  - Somatic Effects of Radiation.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 14
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21385876; Brues, Austin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director, Biological and Medical Research Division of Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1958, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p12; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schubert, Jack
AU  - Lapp, Ralph E.
T1  - Global Radiation Limits.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 26
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21385879; Schubert, Jack Lapp, Ralph E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Lecturer, Senior Chemist, Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1958, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p23; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langsdorf Jr., Alexander
AU  - Smith, Marianne
AU  - Hawkins, David
T1  - The World Around Us.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/05//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 196
EP  - 196
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386254; Langsdorf Jr., Alexander 1 Smith, Marianne Hawkins, David; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: May1958, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p196; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Charpie, Robert A.
T1  - ON NUCLEAR ENERGY.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 336
EP  - 336
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386335; Charpie, Robert A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Assistant Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Oct1958, Vol. 14 Issue 8, p336; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Prospects in International Science.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1958/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 10
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 402
EP  - 404
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386363; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: director of the Oak  Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec1958, Vol. 14 Issue 10, p402; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - The Fourth-Country Problem: Let's Stop at Three.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 26
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386383; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1959, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p22; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Laguna, Wallace
T1  - What Is Safe Waste Disposal?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 43
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386386; de Laguna, Wallace 1; Affiliation:  1: Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1959, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p35; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Some Thoughts on Reactors.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/03//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
EP  - 137
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386427; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar1959, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p132; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brues, Austin M.
T1  - Nine Who Survived Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 173
EP  - 173
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386446; Brues, Austin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director, Division of Biological and Medical  Research, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr1959, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p173; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schubert, Jack
T1  - Fetal Irradiation and Fallout.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 256
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386486; Schubert, Jack 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun1959, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p253; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morgan, Karl Z.
T1  - Human Exposure to Radiation.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/11//
VL  - 15
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 384
EP  - 389
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21385954; Morgan, Karl Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director of the Health Physics Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov1959, Vol. 15 Issue 9, p384; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 1 Graph, 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Allaying Suspicions of Test Ban Controls.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1959/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 426
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21385980; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec1959, Vol. 15 Issue 10, p425; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davidon, William
T1  - Nuclear Weapons Test Ban Negotiations.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1960/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
EP  - 335
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21386512; Davidon, William 1; Affiliation:  1: Associate Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct1960, Vol. 16 Issue 8, p334; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
AU  - Wigner, Eugene P.
T1  - Longer Range View of Nuclear Energy.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1960/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 400
EP  - 403
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21403575; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1 Wigner, Eugene P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Professor, Mathematical Physics, Palmer Physical Laboratory, Princeton University; Source Info: Dec1960, Vol. 16 Issue 10, p400; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinrad, Bernard I.
T1  - Central Station Nuclear Reactors.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1960/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 408
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21403576; Spinrad, Bernard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director, Reactor Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec1960, Vol. 16 Issue 10, p403; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamermesh, Morton
T1  - The Soviet Cultural Offensive.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1961/02//
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 76
EP  - 77
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21403622; Hamermesh, Morton 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb1961, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p76; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamermesh, Morton
T1  - Russian Science in the 21st Century.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1961/02//
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 77
EP  - 77
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21403623; Hamermesh, Morton 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb1961, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p77; Number of Pages: 1/7p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamermesh, Morton
T1  - Soviet Policy Towards International Control of Atomic Energy.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1961/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 437
EP  - 437
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21403729; Hamermesh, Morton 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory Lemont, Illinois; Source Info: Dec1961, Vol. 17 Issue 10, p437; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - von Laue, Theodore H.
AU  - Jones, Harry W.
AU  - Singer, J. David
AU  - Inglis, David R.
AU  - Levine, Robert A.
AU  - Ostow, Mortimer
AU  - Nieburg, Harold L.
AU  - Alcock, Norman
AU  - Nordness, Nedville E.
T1  - RADIATION STANDARDS.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1963/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Excerpt
SP  - 37
EP  - 40
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21410312; von Laue, Theodore H. 1 Jones, Harry W. 2 Singer, J. David 3 Inglis, David R. 4 Levine, Robert A. 5 Ostow, Mortimer 6 Nieburg, Harold L. 7 Alcock, Norman Nordness, Nedville E.; Affiliation:  1: Professor of modern European and Russian history at the University of California (Riverside)  2: Professor of jurisprudence at Columbia University  3: Mental Health Research Institute of the University of Michigan  4: Theory of nuclear structure at Argonne National Laboratory  5: Harvard University Center for International Affairs  6: Assosociate attending psychiatrist at Montefiore Hospital  7: Assistant professor of political science at the Case Institute, Cleveland; Source Info: Jan1963, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p37; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Excerpt
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanford, George S.
T1  - CIVIL DEFENSE AGAIN.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1964/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 35
EP  - 36
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21498942; Stanford, George S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr1964, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p35; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cudkowicz, G.
AU  - Stimpfling, J. H.
T1  - Deficient Growth of C57BL Marrow Cells Transplanted in F1 Hybrid Mice.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1964/05//
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 306
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - The ability of C57BL, C3H, and A strain marrow cells to proliferate on transplantation into irradiated isogenic, F1 hybrid, and backcross progeny mice has been investigated by the spleen-colony technique and by measuring the newly-formed DNA in the recipient spleen with [131I] 5-iododeoxyuridine. Transplants of C57BL cells grew poorly in (A × C57BL) F1 and in (C57BL × C3H) F1 and reciprocal hybrids, as compared with isogenic and allogeneic hosts, whereas C3H and A strain marrow grafts were successful in isogenic, F1 hybrid and backcross recipients. In segregating backcross progeny, i.e. in offspring from F1 hybrid females mated to C57BL males, the frequency of success or failure of the C57BL grafts suggested that the trait was controlled by a single pair of genetic determinants at an autosomal locus. The latter is apparently linked with, or part of, the H-2 region in the IXth linkage group. The experimental evidence suggested also that the failure of C57BL haemopoietic cell grafts in H-2 heterozygotes was not related to exhaustion of donor cells by excess of recipient isoantigen but rather to lack of expression in the heterozygotes of histocompatibility-related growth requirements yet undefined. These requirements are specific for haemopoietic cells, but not for skin grafts, and resulted most probably from the effect of genetic (inter-allelic) interaction involving H-2 or an H-2-linked locus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BONE marrow cells
KW  - TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.
KW  - MICE
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13274374; Cudkowicz, G. 1 Stimpfling, J. H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division Oak Ridge, National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.  2: Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, U.S.A.; Source Info: May64, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p291; Subject Term: BONE marrow cells; Subject Term: TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palmedo, Philip F.
T1  - THE DEBATE ON THE "FORCE DE FRAPPE" TAKES SHAPE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1964/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 30
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21498973; Palmedo, Philip F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York; Source Info: Jun1964, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p29; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mota, I.
T1  - The Mechanism of Anaphylaxis I. PRODUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF 'MAST CELL SENSITIZING' ANTIBODY.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1964/11//
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 699
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - In addition to the usual serum precipitating antibody, immunized rats produce a thermolabile antibody that is able to sensitize mast ceils and cause damage to these cells on reacting with the specific antigen. Due to this property this antibody is called ‘mast cell sensitizing’ antibody (MCSAb). Like human reagins, it is destroyed by beating at 56° and when injected into homologous skin will remain at the site of injection for as long as 1 month. In contrast, the antibody disappears very quickly from serum when injected into recipient rats. Although its production can be induced in various ways, the administration of Bordetella pertussis organisms along with the antigen is particularly effective. MCSAb seems to be the product of a primary response, since its production is prevented or very much reduced by previous or additional contacts with antigen. The mechanism of passive sensitization of mast cells with MCSAb was studied by incubating pieces of rat mesentery with antigen in vitro, using antigen-induced mast cell damage or histamine release as a measure of sensitization. Sensitization increases with time of contact between cells and antibody and can attain a maximum within the first few minutes depending upon antibody concentration. Sensitizations at 37° and 4° proceed at about the same speed. Nonspecific γ-globulin inhibits sensitization with MCSAb when used in large amounts. Rabbit, rat, human and bovine γ-globulin slowed down sensitization, whereas horse γ-globulin was without effect. Sensitization with MCSAb can be completely reversed by washing the sensitized mesentery in Tyrode's solution. The time required to remove MCSAb by washing was inversely proportional to the time of contact between cells and antiserum during sensitization. Anaphylactic phenomena induced with MCSAb seem to be primarily due to histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine release. The possibility of a relationship between the methods of immunization leading to the production of mast cell sensitizing antibody and the establishment of a delayed hypersensitivity is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANAPHYLAXIS
KW  - MAST cells
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - BORDETELLA pertussis
KW  - GLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 13124832; Mota, I. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Source Info: Nov64, Vol. 7 Issue 6, p681; Subject Term: ANAPHYLAXIS; Subject Term: MAST cells; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: BORDETELLA pertussis; Subject Term: GLOBULINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mota, I.
T1  - The Mechanism of Anaphylaxis II. THE ROLE OF 'MAST CELL SENSITIZING' ANTIBODY AND DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY IN RAT ANAPHYLAXIS.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1964/11//
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 700
EP  - 706
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Both immediate and delayed cutaneous reactions were found to be present in rats actively sensitized by the injection of antigen plus Bordetella pertussis organisms. Delayed hypersensitivity, preceded the appearance of ‘mast cell sensitizing’ antibody (MCSAb) in those animals which were only fully susceptible to anaphylaxis when both delayed and immediate reactions had reached their maximum. Passive anaphylaxis with MCSAb was fatal only when transferred to actively sensitized rats at a time when the animals had delayed cutaneous reactions but were not yet fully susceptible to anaphylaxis. It is suggested that anaphylaxis in rats is due to an additive or synergistic effect between immediate and delayed hypersensitivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANAPHYLAXIS
KW  - MAST cells
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - BORDETELLA pertussis
KW  - ALLERGY
KW  - RATS
N1  - Accession Number: 13124859; Mota, I. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Department of Histology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Source Info: Nov64, Vol. 7 Issue 6, p700; Subject Term: ANAPHYLAXIS; Subject Term: MAST cells; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: BORDETELLA pertussis; Subject Term: ALLERGY; Subject Term: RATS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - George, Ricahard
T1  - TABULAR INPUT OF DATA.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1965/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
EP  - 182
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article presents the author's comments on a technique of programming that involves inputting both symbolic variable names and their numerical values at run time with the machine itself. The technique is crucial to improve the logistics of information processing. The author also discussed the use of BCD identifiers on possible implementation and drafting of computer programs in machine language.
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - INFORMATION processing
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - EDITORIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 17834492; George, Ricahard 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: Mar1965, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p182; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: INFORMATION processing; Subject Term: INFORMATION science; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: EDITORIALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519110 News Syndicates; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 7/8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Powell, C.
AU  - Albert, Lionel
AU  - Kelley, Thomas B.
AU  - Swarztrauber, Paul N.
AU  - King, Richard
T1  - Letters to the Editor.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1965/04//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 201
EP  - 220
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "A Candidate for the Simplest Uncomputable Function," published in a 1965 issue, "More on Rounding in Commercial Applications," published in a 1965 issue, and "On the Double-Precision Square Root Routine" also published in the 1965 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - SQUARE root
KW  - NUMERICAL roots
N1  - Accession Number: 17834647; Powell, C. 1 Albert, Lionel 2 Kelley, Thomas B. Swarztrauber, Paul N. 3 King, Richard 4; Affiliation:  1: Richfield Oil Corporation, California  2: Saskatchewan Power Corporation, Canada  3: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Colorado  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Apr1965, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p201; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: SQUARE root; Subject Term: NUMERICAL roots; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodwell, George M.
T1  - MAN AND NATURE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1965/06//
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 54
EP  - 55
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499156; Woodwell, George M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ecologist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island; Source Info: Jun1965, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p54; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thacher, Jr., Henry C.
AU  - Graham, R. M.
T1  - Solution of Transcendental Equations by Series Reversion.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/01//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 11
SN  - 00010782
AB  - An algorithm is developed for expressing the solution Y, of the equation F(Y) G(X) as a power series in (X - Xa) when f and g are given as power series, and the root, Y0, is known at Y = X0  The algorithm is illustrated for the equation YY = X, i.e., (1+Y) In (1+y) = In (1+x). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - POWER series
KW  - TRANSCENDENTAL functions
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - NUMERICAL roots
N1  - Accession Number: 5225158; Thacher, Jr., Henry C. 1 Graham, R. M.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne, National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: Jan1966, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p10; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: POWER series; Subject Term: TRANSCENDENTAL functions; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: NUMERICAL roots; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thacher, Henry C.
T1  - Algorithms.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/01//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 12
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article provides information on different algorithms. Some of them mentioned are Algorithm 273, Algorithm 274 and Algorithm 56. Algorithm 56 was run on a UNIVAC 1107 using the UNIVAC 1107 ALGOL 60 compiler. The single-precision floating-point arithmetic of this translator carries eight significant digits.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ALGOL (Computer program language)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
N1  - Accession Number: 5225160; Thacher, Henry C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: Jan1966, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ALGOL (Computer program language); Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinrad, Bernard I.
T1  - WHY NOT NATIONAL LABORATORIES?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 23
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499266; Spinrad, Bernard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist in the Reactor Physics Division of Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr1966, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p20; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higinbotham, William A.
T1  - A PERIL, A HOPE, AND A MOVEMENT.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 34
EP  - 37
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499276; Higinbotham, William A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr1966, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p34; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Royston, R. J.
AU  - Gregory, J.
T1  - A Method for Finding the Least Squares Estimate of the Intersection of Two Helices in Space.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/04//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 280
EP  - 284
SN  - 00010782
AB  - When the helical trajectories of two charged particles moving away from a common point in a magnetic field are reconstructed from measurements on the tracks, the reconstructed tracks are perturbed by measurement and other errors and do not, in general, intersect. A method is given for adjusting the reconstructed tracks in a least squares manner so that they do intersect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 5230626; Royston, R. J. 1 Gregory, J.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: Apr1966, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p280; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Nader, Claire
T1  - THE TECHNICAL EXPEBT IN A DEMOCRACY.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 28
EP  - 30
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499288; Nader, Claire 1; Affiliation:  1: Director’s Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: May1966, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p28; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cohn, Charles Erwin
AU  - Graham, R. M.
T1  - Incorporation of Nonstandard Input/Output Devices into FORTRAN Systems.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 344
SN  - 00010782
AB  - A FORTRAN system may readily be modified to handle input, output with nonstandard media on the same basis on which it handles the standard media. This is done by providing character-handling subroutine suited to the nonstandard medium and arranged to be called by an otherwise unused output statement type or unit number. This method was used to control output of alphanumeric information on a digital graph plotter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORTRAN (Computer program language)
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL linguistics
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 5260385; Cohn, Charles Erwin 1 Graham, R. M.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: May66, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p343; Subject Term: FORTRAN (Computer program language); Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL linguistics; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/355592.365629
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shalla, Leon
AU  - Ashenhurst, R. L.
T1  - Automatic Analysis of Electronic Digital Circuits Using List Processing.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
EP  - 380
SN  - 00010782
AB  - A mapping from block diagrams of digital circuits to list structures is described, together with a list processing program written for the Control Data 3600 which uses this mopping to automatically carry out circuit analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - ELECTRIC circuit analysis
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - FILE organization (Computer science)
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
N1  - Accession Number: 5260394; Shalla, Leon 1 Ashenhurst, R. L.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Agronne, Illinois.; Source Info: May66, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p372; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuit analysis; Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: FILE organization (Computer science); Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 21 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/355592.365651
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rust, B.
AU  - Burrus, W. R.
AU  - Schneeberger, C.
AU  - Traub, J. F.
T1  - A Simple Algorithm for Computing the Generalized Inverse of a Matrix.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1966/05//
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 387
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The generalized inverse of a matrix is important in analysis because it provides an extension of the concept of an inverse which applies to all matrices. It also has many applications in numerical analysis, but it is not widely used because the existing algorithms are fairly complicated and require considerable storage space. A simple extension has been found to the conventional orthogonalization method for inverting nonsingular matrices, which gives the generalized inverse with little extra effort and with no additional storage requirements. The algorithm gives the generalized inverse for any m by n matrix A, including the special case when m = n and A is nonsingular and the case when m > n and rank (A) = n. In the first case the algorithm gives the ordinary inverse of A. In the second case the algorithm yields the ordinary least squares transformation matrix [ATA)-1AT and has the advantage of avoiding the loss of significance which results in forming the product AT explicitly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MATRIX inversion
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - LEAST squares
N1  - Accession Number: 5260395; Rust, B. 1 Burrus, W. R. 2 Schneeberger, C. 2 Traub, J. F.; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Source Info: May66, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p381; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MATRIX inversion; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/355592.365659
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinrad, Bernard I.
T1  - IN THE NAME OF SCIENCE.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 22
EP  - 23
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499348; Spinrad, Bernard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Reactor Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov1966, Vol. 22 Issue 9, p22; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nettesheim, P.
AU  - Makinodan, T.
AU  - Chadwick, Carol J.
T1  - Improved Diffusion Chamber Cultures for Cytokinetic Analysis of Antibody Response.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1966/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
EP  - 439
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Diffusion chambers (3×10 mm) constructed with 0·1 μ porosity filters, but not with 0.45 μ or greater porosity filters, were found to be consistently cell impermeable, with use of acryloid as the glueing agent. The filters permit free diffusion of 19S and 7S antibodies into ‘empty’ chambers in vivo and in vitro. Pronase treatment of the chamber dissolves the clot and frees cells attached to the inner surfaces. This permits almost complete recovery of the chamber culture cells. Chamber cultures can be readily transferred from one host to another and kept in vitro at room temperature for at least 6 hours without any loss of activity. In vivo diffusion problems arise after 1 month of culture, most probably due to excessive growth of peritoneal cells on the outer surface of the filters; this limitation can be overcome by serial in vivo transfer of the chamber and wiping the outer surface at the time of transfer. The diffusion chamber culture method as described here fulfills all the pre-requisites of an assay system with which one can perform precise cytokinetic analysis of antibody response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - GLOBULINS
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - CELLULAR immunity
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13317991; Nettesheim, P. 1 Makinodan, T. 1 Chadwick, Carol J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, NIH-AEC Carcinogenesis Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov66, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p427; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: GLOBULINS; Subject Term: CYTOKINES; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: CELLULAR immunity; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Can Technology Replace Social Engineering?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1966/12//
VL  - 22
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 8
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499359; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec1966, Vol. 22 Issue 10, p4; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Isihara, A.
AU  - Guth, E.
AU  - Cantow, H. -J.
AU  - Dall'Asta, G.
AU  - Ferry, J. D.
AU  - Kern, W.
AU  - Natta, G.
AU  - Overberger, C. G.
AU  - Prins, W.
AU  - Schulz, G. V.
AU  - Slichter, William P.
AU  - Staverman, A. J.
AU  - Stille, J. K.
AU  - Stuart, H. A.
AU  - Winter, J. H.
T1  - Theory of Dilute Macromolecular Solutions.
JO  - Advances in Polymer Science
JF  - Advances in Polymer Science
Y1  - 1967/01/02/
M3  - Book Chapter
SP  - 233
EP  - 260
SN  - 00653195
AB  - The object of this paper is to lay the foundations of the Theory of Dilute Macromolecular Solutions in a unified, simplified, and yet rigorous manner. It also aims to acquaint chemists and physicists with a field of rapidly increasing significance, in view of possible applications to biophysics (and biochemistry). The Introduction gives a brief outline of the historical development of macromolecular solution theory. Roughly, one can distinguish between (a) lattice- and (b) gas-type theories, just as in the theory of liquids. The former, because of their apparent simplicity, have enjoyed great popularity for a long time among polymer chemists. However, lately, again just as for liquids, the gas-type approach has been proven to be more fundamental. Our general approach is a proper adaptation and generalization of the gas-type theories of McMillan and Mayer and of Kirkwood and Buff. These were originally developed for simple (monomer) solutions. We use the cluster development of McMillan and Mayer, which itself is an adaptation of the original (Ursell)-Mayer cluster development. We then combine this procedure with the distribution function approach of Kirkwood and Buff. Section 2 brings the cluster development for the osmotic pressure. Section 3 generalizes the approach of Section 2 to distribution functions, including a new and simple derivation of the cluster expansion of the pair distribution function. Section 4 presents a new expression for the chemical potential of solvents in dilute solutions. Section 5 contains an application of our general solution theory to compact macromolecular molecules. Section 6 contains the second osmotic virial coefficient of flexible macromolecules, followed in Section 7 by concluding remarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Polymer Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYWATER
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Chemistry/Food Science, general
N1  - Accession Number: 32761966; Isihara, A. 1,2 Guth, E. 1 Cantow, H. -J. Dall'Asta, G. Ferry, J. D. Kern, W. Natta, G. Overberger, C. G. Prins, W. Schulz, G. V. Slichter, William P. Staverman, A. J. Stille, J. K. Stuart, H. A. Winter, J. H.; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.; Source Info: 1967, p233; Subject Term: POLYWATER; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemistry/Food Science, general; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Book Chapter
L3  - 10.1007/BFb0051283
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Wing, James
T1  - Abacus Computation in Number Systems of Bases Other Than Ten.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1967/02//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Letter
SP  - 86
EP  - 86
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about abacus computation in number systems.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - NUMBER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 17864629; Wing, James 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: Feb1967, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p86; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: NUMBER systems; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1145/363067.363097
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goodman, Joan Wright
AU  - Bosma, Gayle C.
T1  - Attempts to Immunize F1 Hybrid Mice against their Parents.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1967/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 140
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Attempts were made to immunize F1 hybrid mice to their inbred parental strains by active immunization with either living or dead parental cells and by adoptive transfer of isogenic (F1) lymph node cells to irradiated hybrids that subsequently received parental bone marrow. Cumulative mortality studies and erythrocyte serotyping revealed that many mice survived and retained their parental grafts for long periods of time. In most experiments reported here, 59Fe uptake by erythrocytes and spleens of chimeras 1 week after marrow transplantation was used as a measure of erythropoiesis and thereby of success or failure of the marrow graft. Pre-treatment (‘pre-immunization’)of hybrids with parental spleen cells produced no evidence of specific immunization. However, pre-treatment with spleen cells from parent 1 was detrimental to subse- quently transplanted marrow from parent 2 and vice-versa. Adoptive transfer of viable F1 lymph node cells failed to decrease growth of parental cells in irradiated F1 hybrids. These findings indicate that the poor-growth phenomenon of particular parent-F1 combinations cannot be explained in terms of classical immune rejection of parental cells by F1 hybrids. Instead, growth of parental cells in the F1 environment is inhibited or delayed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIMAL models in research
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - IMMUNIZATION
KW  - IMMUNITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13338836; Goodman, Joan Wright 1 Bosma, Gayle C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: Aug67, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p125; Subject Term: ANIMAL models in research; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject Term: IMMUNIZATION; Subject Term: IMMUNITY; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gabay, A.
AU  - McCarthy, John
AU  - Cody, Jr., William J.
AU  - Yarbeough, Lynn
T1  - Letters to the Editor.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1967/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 531
EP  - 537
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents several letters to the editor related to the computing machinery. Opinion that the Association for Computing Machinery publications could be organized and printed in such a way to suit the needs of some readers; Comment on the article "Time-Sharing on a Computer With a Small Memory," by R.O. Fisher and C.D. Shephard, published in the February 1967 issue of the journal "Communications of the ACM"; View that assemblers and compilers are hardly ever designed to convert decimal constants to a precision of more than a dozen or so digits.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.
KW  - TIME-sharing computer systems
KW  - DATA processing service centers
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPILERS (Computer programs)
KW  - COMPUTER software
N1  - Accession Number: 17874163; Gabay, A. McCarthy, John 1 Cody, Jr., William J. 2 Yarbeough, Lynn 3; Affiliation:  1: Stanford University Stanford, California 94305.  2: Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois, 60439.  3: Arcon Corporation Wakefield, Mass. 01880.; Source Info: Sep67, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p531; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.; Subject Term: TIME-sharing computer systems; Subject Term: DATA processing service centers; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPILERS (Computer programs); Subject Term: COMPUTER software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541513 Computer Facilities Management Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sassen, A.
AU  - Perkins, Eugene H.
AU  - Brown, R. A.
T1  - Immunogenic Potency of Human γ-Globulin in Mice.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1968/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 256
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Heat-treated, but not untreated, human γ-globulin (HGG) is a potent antigen for the initiation of primary antibody response in mice, Thus a dose as low as 10-7 g of heat-treated HGG was sufficient to induce an excellent primary response in intact mice. However, the primary response was meagre and negative in the cell-transfer and diffusion-chamber culture systems of dispersed spleen cells, respectively. In contrast, no significant difference could be demonstrated between heat-treated and untreated HGG preparations in their capacity to induce a secondary response in intact mice. Furthermore, good secondary responses were obtained in both the cell-transfer and diffusion-chamber culture systems. This suggests differences between primed and non-primed spleen cells in their requirements of cellular organization for the initiation of antibody response. Both the primary and the secondary responses were found to be antigen-dose dependent, although the optimum antigen dose range was broad. Moreover, doses of heat- treated HGG (≤ 10-12 g) lower than that reported for the excellent immunogen, flagella, were sufficient to induce secondary responses, thereby emphasizing the utility of HGG for studying the role of antigen in the initiation of primary and secondary antibody responses.
KW  - HEAT
KW  - GLOBULINS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - SPLEEN
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - MICE
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13345750; Sassen, A. 1 Perkins, Eugene H. 1 Brown, R. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: Feb68, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p247; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: GLOBULINS; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: SPLEEN; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inglis, David R.
T1  - Conservative Judgements and Missile Madness.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1968/05//
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 11
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499612; Inglis, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: May1968, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p6; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuchel, Kurt
AU  - Heller, Sidney
T1  - Considerations in the Design of a Multiple Computer System with Extended Core Storage.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1968/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
EP  - 340
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The use of large quantities of addressable (but not executable) fast random access memory to heighten the multiprogramming performance of a multicomputer system is discussed. The general design of the hardware arrangement and the software components and functions of such a system are based on a planned configuration of dual CDC 6600's that share one million words of extended core storage. In the generalization of such a design, special emphasis is placed on estimating expected gains when compared with the traditional configuration of separate and independent computers without extended core storage. An observation is made on the use of conventional, slower speed, random access storage devices in place of the faster memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - MULTIPROGRAMMING (Electronic computers)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - COMPUTER peripherals
KW  - control data corporation 6600
KW  - extended core storage
KW  - multiple computer systems
KW  - multiprocessor operating systems
KW  - multiprogrammed operating systems
KW  - operating system with ECS
N1  - Accession Number: 5263691; Fuchel, Kurt 1 Heller, Sidney 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.; Source Info: May68, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p334; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Subject Term: MULTIPROGRAMMING (Electronic computers); Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: COMPUTER peripherals; Author-Supplied Keyword: control data corporation 6600; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended core storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple computer systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiprocessor operating systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiprogrammed operating systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: operating system with ECS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811212 Computer and Office Machine Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/363095.363142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Shaw, Christopher J.
AU  - Orth Jr., E. J.
AU  - Givens, Wallace
AU  - McKay, J. K. S.
AU  - Bahr, Knut
AU  - Langdon Jr., Glen G.
T1  - Letters to the Editors.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1968/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 391
EP  - 392
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including topics on the development of a new common computer language, standardization of hand-coding needed for man-to-machine communication, and generating permutations by nested cycling.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
KW  - ARTIFICIAL languages
KW  - combinatorial expressions
KW  - cross references
KW  - debugging
KW  - language criteria
KW  - LISP
KW  - list processing language
KW  - memory
KW  - permutations
KW  - PL/I
KW  - program
KW  - program analysis
KW  - programming languages
KW  - standardization
KW  - thousand
N1  - Accession Number: 17834991; Shaw, Christopher J. 1 Orth Jr., E. J. Givens, Wallace 2 McKay, J. K. S. 3 Bahr, Knut 4 Langdon Jr., Glen G. 5; Affiliation:  1: System Development Corporation, 2500 Colorado Avenue, Santa Monica, California 90406  2: Applied Mathematics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ilinois 60439  3: Atlas Computer Laboratory, Science Research Council, Chilton Didcot, Berkshire, England  4: Deutsches Rechenzentrum, Rheinstrasse 75 66100 Darmsladt, Germany  5: IBM SDD Laboratory, Dept. 156, P.O. Box 6 Endicott, N.Y. 13760; Source Info: Jun68, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p391; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL languages; Author-Supplied Keyword: combinatorial expressions; Author-Supplied Keyword: cross references; Author-Supplied Keyword: debugging; Author-Supplied Keyword: language criteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: LISP; Author-Supplied Keyword: list processing language; Author-Supplied Keyword: memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: permutations; Author-Supplied Keyword: PL/I; Author-Supplied Keyword: program; Author-Supplied Keyword: program analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: programming languages; Author-Supplied Keyword: standardization; Author-Supplied Keyword: thousand; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanna Jr., M.G.
AU  - Francis, Mary W.
AU  - Peters, Leona C.
T1  - Localization of 125I-Labelled Antigen in Germinal Centres of Mouse Spleen: Effects of Competitive Injection of Specific or Non-Cross-Reacting Antigen.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1968/07//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 91
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Studies were performed on localization of 125I-human γ-globulin in spleen lymphatic tissue germinal centres during the primary and secondary immune response as influenced by competitive injections of specific or non-cross- reacting antigens. Isologous mouse 7S serum protein labelled with 125I was used as the control. The results of these studies support the following conclusions: (1) Antigen retention in germinal centres during the primary immune reaction is a dynamic process. For some antigens there may be opsonins available at the the time of injection which promote initial localization in germinal centres. However, the continued localization of antigen over weeks and months is a function of specific antibody production. (2) For some period of time, germinal centres are specific to the antigen that stimulated their development, and eventually these centres will respond to a different antigen. (3)Antigen persisting in germinal centres is functional in the development of the secondary immune potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - GLOBULINS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - PLASMA cells
KW  - BLOOD proteins
KW  - IMMUNITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13346255; Hanna Jr., M.G. 1 Francis, Mary W. 1 Peters, Leona C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, NCI-AEC Carcinogenesis Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Jul68, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p75; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: GLOBULINS; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: PLASMA cells; Subject Term: BLOOD proteins; Subject Term: IMMUNITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Let Us Prepare for Peace.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1968/09//
VL  - 24
IS  - 7
M3  - Speech
SP  - 17
EP  - 20
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499658; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Sep1968, Vol. 24 Issue 7, p17; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Speech
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fliegel, Henry F.
AU  - van Flandern, Thomas C.
AU  - Abrahams, Paul
AU  - Wooster, Harold
AU  - Wishner, Raymond P.
AU  - Martin, Bruce A.
T1  - Letters to the Editor.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1968/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Letter
SP  - 657
EP  - 658
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. Problems in writing computer language; Implication of computer science in a system of application; Representation of binary notation in computer languages.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - CYBERNETICS
KW  - BINARY system (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 17837107; Fliegel, Henry F. 1 van Flandern, Thomas C. 2 Abrahams, Paul 3 Wooster, Harold 4 Wishner, Raymond P. 5 Martin, Bruce A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Georgetown University Observatory Washington, D.C.  2: U.S. Naval Observatory Washington, DC 20390.  3: New York University Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences 251 Mercer Street New York, NY 100012.  4: AFOSR/SRI, 1400 Wilson Blvd. Arlington, VA 22209.  5: American University Center for Technology Washington, D. C.  6: Applied Mathematics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Associated Universities, Inc. Upton, Long Island, NY 11973.; Source Info: Oct68, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p657; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: CYBERNETICS; Subject Term: BINARY system (Mathematics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moldauer, Peter
T1  - The ABM Comes to Town.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1969/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 20
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21499720; Moldauer, Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist in the Reactor Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1969, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p4; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, Richard F.
AU  - Phillips, David L.
T1  - The Logarithmic Error and Newton's Method for the Square Root.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1969/02//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 88
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The problem of obtaining optimal starting values for the calculation of the square root using Newton's method is considered. It has been pointed out elsewhere that if relative error is used as the measure of goodness of fit, optimal results are not obtained when the initial approximation is a best fit. It is shown here that if, instead, the so-called logarithmic error is used, then a best initial fit is optimal for both types of error. Moreover, use of the logarithmic error appears to simplify the problem of determining the optimal initial approximation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - NEWTON-Raphson method
KW  - SQUARE root
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - best fit
KW  - error curve
KW  - integer root
KW  - logorithmic error
KW  - maximal error
KW  - Newton's method
KW  - optimal approximation
KW  - recurrence relation
KW  - relative error
KW  - square root
N1  - Accession Number: 5243613; King, Richard F. 1 Phillips, David L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: Feb1969, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p87; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: NEWTON-Raphson method; Subject Term: SQUARE root; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: best fit; Author-Supplied Keyword: error curve; Author-Supplied Keyword: integer root; Author-Supplied Keyword: logorithmic error; Author-Supplied Keyword: maximal error; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton's method; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimal approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: recurrence relation; Author-Supplied Keyword: relative error; Author-Supplied Keyword: square root; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/362848.362861
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barber, Richard T.
AU  - White, AIan W.
AU  - Siegelman, H. W.
T1  - EVIDENCE FOR A CRYPTOMONAD SYMBIONT IN THE CILIATE, CYCLOTRICHIUM MEUNIERI.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1969/03//
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 88
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Extracts of the marine ciliate Cyclotrichium meunieri contained chlorophylls a and c, carotenoids, and a phycoerythrin with a single absorbance maximum at 542 nm. This assemblage of pigments suggests that the numerous photosynthetic symbionts present in each ciliate cell belong to the Cryptophyceae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - CAROTENOIDS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL pigments
KW  - ALGOLOGY
KW  - BOTANY
N1  - Accession Number: 11574474; Barber, Richard T. 1 White, AIan W. 1 Siegelman, H. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543.  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: Mar1969, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p86; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: CAROTENOIDS; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL pigments; Subject Term: ALGOLOGY; Subject Term: BOTANY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lawson, C. E.
AU  - Orphir, D.
AU  - Shepherd, B. J.
AU  - Spinrad, R. J.
T1  - Three-Dimensional Computer Display.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1969/06//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 310
SN  - 00010782
AB  - A stereographic display terminal has been produced using the raster display (BRAD) recently developed at Brookhaven. The system uses a rotating refresh memory to feed standard television monitors. To produce a stereographic display the computer calculates the projected video images of an object, viewed from two separated paints. The resulting video maps are stored on separate refresh bands of the rotating memory. The two output signals are connected to separate color guns of a color television monitor, thus creating superimposed image on the screen. Optical separation is achieved by viewing the image through color filters. The display is interactive and can be viewed by a large group of people at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER terminals
KW  - TELEVISION
KW  - VIDEO display terminals
KW  - MICROCOMPUTER workstations (Computers)
KW  - MAINFRAME computers
KW  - INFORMATION display systems
KW  - color separation
KW  - computer graphics
KW  - interactive stereographic terminal
KW  - swept raster display
KW  - three-dimensional display
KW  - video map
N1  - Accession Number: 5206719; Lawson, C. E. Orphir, D. 1 Shepherd, B. J. 1 Spinrad, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Source Info: Jun69, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p309; Subject Term: COMPUTER terminals; Subject Term: TELEVISION; Subject Term: VIDEO display terminals; Subject Term: MICROCOMPUTER workstations (Computers); Subject Term: MAINFRAME computers; Subject Term: INFORMATION display systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: color separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer graphics; Author-Supplied Keyword: interactive stereographic terminal; Author-Supplied Keyword: swept raster display; Author-Supplied Keyword: three-dimensional display; Author-Supplied Keyword: video map; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Butler, Margaret K.
AU  - Rosen, Saul
AU  - W. S. D.
T1  - Editor's Postview . . .
JO  - Computing Surveys
JF  - Computing Surveys
Y1  - 1969/09//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 177
EP  - 177
SN  - 00104892
AB  - Presents a response by Saul Rosen to a letter to the editor about his article "Electronic Computers: A Historical Survey."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COMPUTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 16259793; Butler, Margaret K. 1 Rosen, Saul W. S. D.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Sep69, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p177; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter
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ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - The Third International Conference on Science and Society.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1969/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 23
EP  - 26
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21498802; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Source Info: Nov1969, Vol. 25 Issue 9, p23; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Proceeding
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ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Duffield, Robert B.
T1  - AN ADDENDUM.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1970/02//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 15
EP  - 16
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21569419; Duffield, Robert B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory Director, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb1970, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p15; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gustafson, Philip F.
T1  - Nuclear Power and Thermal Pollution: Zion, Illinois.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1970/03//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 23
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21569430; Gustafson, Philip F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Associate Director, Radiological Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar1970, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p17; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Volpi, Alexander
T1  - Expectations From SALT.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1970/04//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 34
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21569447; De Volpi, Alexander 1; Affiliation:  1: Associate Physicist, Reactor Physics Division of Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr1970, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p6; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reynolds, John C.
T1  - GEDANKEN--A Simple Typeless Language Based on the Principle of Completeness and the Reference Concept.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1970/05//
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 319
SN  - 00010782
AB  - GEDAN KEN is an experimental programming language with the following characteristics. (1) Any value which is permitted in some context of the language is permissible in any other meaningful context. In particular, functions and labels are permissible results of functions and values of variables. (2) Assignment and indirect addressing are formalized by introducing values, called references, which in turn possess other values. The assignment operation always affects the relation between some reference and its value. (3) All compound data structures are treated as functions. (4) Type declarations are not permitted. The functional approach to data structures and the use of references insure that any process which accepts some data structure will accept any logically equivalent structure, regards less of its internal representation. More generally, any data structure may be implicit; i.e. it may be specified by giving an arbitrary algorithm for computing or accessing its components. The existence of label variables permits the construction of co-routines, quasi-parallel processes, and other unorthodox control mechanisms. A variety of programming examples illustrates the generality of the language. Limitations and possible extensions are discussed briefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEDANKEN (Computer program language)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - DATA structures (Computer science)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - FILE organization (Computer science)
KW  - applicative language
KW  - assignment
KW  - coroutine
KW  - data structure
KW  - lambda calculus
KW  - list processing
KW  - nondeterministic algorithm
KW  - programming language
KW  - quasi-parallel process
KW  - reference
KW  - typeless language
N1  - Accession Number: 5247920; Reynolds, John C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: May70, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p308; Subject Term: GEDANKEN (Computer program language); Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: DATA structures (Computer science); Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: FILE organization (Computer science); Author-Supplied Keyword: applicative language; Author-Supplied Keyword: assignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: coroutine; Author-Supplied Keyword: data structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: lambda calculus; Author-Supplied Keyword: list processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: nondeterministic algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: programming language; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasi-parallel process; Author-Supplied Keyword: reference; Author-Supplied Keyword: typeless language; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillstrom, K. E.
AU  - Timlake, W. P.
T1  - Comparison of Several Adaptive Newton-Cotes Quadrature Routines in Evaluating Definite Integrals...
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1970/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
EP  - 365
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This report compares the performance of five different adaptive quadrature schemes, based on Newton-Cotes (2N + 1) point rules (N = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), in approximating the set of definite integrals ∫-1¹ (x² + p²)-1 dx with relative accuracy ϵ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAUSSIAN quadrature formulas
KW  - INTEGRALS
KW  - INTEGRAL calculus
KW  - NUMERICAL integration
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - adaptive Newton-Cotes quadrature
KW  - adaptive numerical integration
KW  - definite integral evaluation
KW  - Newton-Cotes integration
KW  - Newton-Cotes rules applications
KW  - Newton-Cotes rules modifications
KW  - peaked integrand integration
KW  - quadrature efficiency plot
KW  - quadrature scheme comparison
N1  - Accession Number: 5221523; Hillstrom, K. E. 1 Timlake, W. P.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.; Source Info: Jun70, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p362; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN quadrature formulas; Subject Term: INTEGRALS; Subject Term: INTEGRAL calculus; Subject Term: NUMERICAL integration; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: adaptive Newton-Cotes quadrature; Author-Supplied Keyword: adaptive numerical integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: definite integral evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton-Cotes integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton-Cotes rules applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton-Cotes rules modifications; Author-Supplied Keyword: peaked integrand integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrature efficiency plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrature scheme comparison; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paciorek, Kathleen A.
AU  - Fosdick, L. D.
T1  - Algorithms.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1970/07//
VL  - 13
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 446
EP  - 449
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article presents several research papers relating to algorithms. The paper "Greatest Common Divisor of n Integers and Multipliers" presents an algorithm which calculates the greatest common divisor, IGCD, of n integers. Details of the method and comparisons to other algorithms are also given. The algorithm is a new version of the Euclidean algorithm for n integers. The n-1 calculations of the greatest common divisor of two integers is accomplished by means of a modified version of the Blankinship algorithm. The paper "Exponential Integral Ei (x)" presents the results of one phase of research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under Contract NAS7-100, sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. It presents an algorithm which was compiled and executed without any modification on a UNIVAC 1108 computer. An unfortunate precedent has been set in several recent algorithms of using an illegal FORTRAN construction.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - FORTRAN (Computer program language)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - exponential integral
KW  - rational Chebyshev approximation
KW  - special functions
N1  - Accession Number: 17849533; Paciorek, Kathleen A. 1 Fosdick, L. D.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.; Source Info: Jul1970, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p446; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: FORTRAN (Computer program language); Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: exponential integral; Author-Supplied Keyword: rational Chebyshev approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: special functions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortiz-Ortiz, L.
AU  - Jaroslow, B.N.
T1  - Enhancement by the Adjuvant, Endotoxin, of an Immune Response Induced <em>in Vitro</em>.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1970/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
EP  - 399
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Effects of endotoxin on the immune response to sheep red cells added in vitro to spleen cell suspensions from unimmunized mice were studied. The optimal dose of endotoxin (1 µg/ml) gave a six-fold increase in the number of plaque-forming cells per 106 viable cells, after 6 days of culture, if it was present from the 12th to the 24th hour after antigen. There was little or no enhancement when endotoxin was given at other times during the 6 days of culture. The response was depressed when the suspension was incubated with endotoxin before the addition of red cells. The periods of RNA and DNA synthesis were determined by adding tritiated uridine and tritiated thymidine, respectively, for 24-hour periods during the 6 days of culture. Synthesis of RNA occurred throughout the culture period whereas DNA synthesis was not detected before 24 hours of culture. We found that the adjuvant action of the endotoxin which was maximum during the 1st day of culture, was associated with an initial phase of RNA synthesis, before DNA synthesis could be detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENDOTOXINS
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - SPLEEN
KW  - DNA synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 13360423; Ortiz-Ortiz, L. 1 Jaroslow, B.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Ecologia Hurnana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., Mexico  2: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, U.S.A.; Source Info: Sep70, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p387; Subject Term: ENDOTOXINS; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject Term: SPLEEN; Subject Term: DNA synthesis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skougaard, M. R.
AU  - Frandsen, A.
AU  - Baker, D. G.
T1  - Collagen metabolism of skin and periodontal membrane in the squirrel monkey.
JO  - Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
JF  - Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
Y1  - 1970/11//
VL  - 78
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
EP  - 377
SN  - 0029845X
AB  - Glucocorticoid administration is known to have an inhibitive effect on collagen activity. It can be assumed that this effect also takes place in the periodontal membrane (PDM). The purpose of the present investigation was to investigate whether this reduction in PDM collagen activity is reflected in the autoradiographic grain count score. Ten young adult male squirrel monkeys were injected with 3H-proline and sacrificed 48 hours after the injection. Five of the animals were injected with Ultra-cortenol® 72 and 24 hours prior to sacrifice. Grain count analysis was carried out on autoradiographs from sections of premolars, and skin biopsies were analyzed with respect to NaCl soluble 3H-activity. In the skin the activity found in the soluble fraction was lower in the Ultracortenol-treated than in the control animals (319 ± 56 cpm/mg compared to 629 ± 70 cpm/mg). Autoradiographic grain counts were carried out over the periodontal membrane, the average number of grains was lower in the Ultracortenol-injected than in the control animals. This was true for all areas of the periodontal mem-brane examined. The significance of the autoradiographic grain count score from the PDM following 3H-proline injection is discussed. It is concluded that this parameter is reasonably valid for the assessment of the PDM collagen activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLAGEN
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - SODIUM compounds
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 16614891; Skougaard, M. R. 1,2 Frandsen, A. 1,2 Baker, D. G. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Royal Dental College, Copenhagen, Denmark  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, N.Y., U.S.A.; Source Info: 1970, Vol. 78 Issue 6, p374; Subject Term: COLLAGEN; Subject Term: EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: SODIUM compounds; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - The Malthusian Dilemma: Weinberg and Inglis.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1971/06//
VL  - 27
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 3
EP  - 39
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21569661; Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Source Info: Jun1971, Vol. 27 Issue 6, p3; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Witkamp, Martin
T1  - SOILS AS COMPONENTS OF ECOSYSTEMS.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1971/12//
VL  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 110
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Discusses the effect of soils on plant ecology.  View on the effect of soil as predominantly chemical or purely physical; Impact of the introduction of colloid chemistry on physical and chemical soil characteristics; Consideration of soil as an independent factor that determined subsequent vegetation.
KW  - SOILS
KW  - PLANT ecology
KW  - PLANT-soil relationships
KW  - VEGETATION dynamics
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11910695; Witkamp, Martin 1; Affiliation:  1: Ecological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 1971, Vol. 2, p85; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: PLANT ecology; Subject Term: PLANT-soil relationships; Subject Term: VEGETATION dynamics; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hankes, Lawrence V.
AU  - Brown, Raymond R.
AU  - Leklem, James
AU  - Schmaeler, Max
AU  - Jesseph, John
T1  - METABOLISM OF C14 LABELED ENANTIOMERS OF TRYPTOPHAN, KYNURENINE AND HYDROXYKYNURENINE IN HUMANS WITH SCLERODERMA.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1972/02//
VL  - 58
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 95
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Metabolism of labeled enantiomers of tryptophan, kynurenine and hydroxykynurenine into C14O2 and nine tryptophan metabolites was studied in five patients with scleroderma. The D-isomers of tryptophan, kynurenine and hydroxykyurenine were poorly converted to CO2 but did give rise to small amounts of activity in several of the urinary metabolites. These observations suggest that man may have D-amino acid oxidase and hydroxylase enzyme systems capable of converting small amounts of the D-isomers into metabolites found in the urine. However, on the basis of previously published animal data, which showed a delayed absorption of the D-isomers from the intestine, it is not possible to exclude metabolites arising from action of the intestinal flora. With both the D- and L-isomers, the C14 activity isolated in known urinary metabolites accounted for only a small part of the total urinary C14 activity. In several patients given 2 gms of L-tryptophan with C14 labeled tryptophan, expiratory C14O2 was depressed and urinary labeled quinolinic acid activity was elevated when compared to patients in previous studies. These factors suggest that some scleroderma patients may have an alteration of a metabolic step in the pathway after hydroxyanthranilic acid. Conclusive evidence of a relationship between amount of C14O2 produced after a 2 gm load of L-tryptophan and metabolic abnormalities was not observed. The experiments showed that the racemic mixture of a labeled tryptophan compound could be used for a C14O2 metabolism study, but that the use of pure, natural L-isomers is necessary for meaningful results in the study of tryptophan metabolism in man. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRYPTOPHAN
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - ORGANIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 12551699; Hankes, Lawrence V. 1,2 Brown, Raymond R. 1,2 Leklem, James 1,2 Schmaeler, Max 1,2 Jesseph, John 3; Affiliation:  1: Biochemistry Division, Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  2: Division of Clinical Oncology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706.  3: Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210.; Source Info: Feb72, Vol. 58 Issue 2, p85; Subject Term: TRYPTOPHAN; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12551699
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kendrick, Richard E.
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Ion Relations, Chlorophyll Synthesis and the Question of 'Bulk' Phytochrome in <em>Pisum sativum</em>.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1972/02//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 12
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Lack of correlation between spectrophotometric phytochrome assays and physiological experiments has led to the concept of a 'bulk' phytochrome that is measurable but inactive, in contrast to an active form that is not measured in the standard assay. Because of suggestions that phytochrome action involves changes in membrane, permeability, particularly uptake and efflux in <em>pisum sativum</em> epicotyl sections which were equally de-etiolated yet differed three-fold in their phytochrome contents. Although dependent on the metabolic integrity of cell membranes (as shown by respiratory inhibitors ) the selective uptake of potassium in this tissue is not under phytochrome contents. Experiments were also conducted to see whether a three-fold difference in phytochrome content affects chlorophyll synthesis in Pisum. Differences in chlorophyll synthesis observed can be related to the effectiveness of the pretreatments on eliminating the lag phase, not to their differences in phytochrome; The failure to find any correlation with the amount or state of 'bulk' phytochrome in these and previous experiments indicates that no function of this material is yet known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYTOCHROMES
KW  - BOTANICAL chemistry
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL synthesis
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - PEAS
KW  - PISUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13614503; Kendrick, Richard E. 1 Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department , Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 1972, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p7; Subject Term: PHYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: BOTANICAL chemistry; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL synthesis; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: PEAS; Subject Term: PISUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111419 Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111130 Dry Pea and Bean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111219 Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13614503
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernstein, Herbert J.
T1  - Compiling Fixed-Point Multiplications.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1972/08//
VL  - 15
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 772
EP  - 772
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents comments of the author on the article "A Note on Compiling Fixed-Point Binary Multiplications," by H.T. Gladwin that was published in the June 1971 edition of the periodical "Communications of the ACM." Focus on the commonality of the fixed-point multiplication, particularly to programmers for machines lacking an integer multiply instruction; Response of Gladwin to the comment made by the author.
KW  - BINARY system (Mathematics)
KW  - COMPUTER arithmetic
KW  - NUMBER systems
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - compiling multiplications
KW  - fixed-point arithmetic
KW  - GLADWIN, H. T.
KW  - COMMUNICATIONS of the ACM (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 5263775; Bernstein, Herbert J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory.; Source Info: Aug1972, Vol. 15 Issue 8, p772; Subject Term: BINARY system (Mathematics); Subject Term: COMPUTER arithmetic; Subject Term: NUMBER systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: compiling multiplications; Author-Supplied Keyword: fixed-point arithmetic; Reviews & Products: COMMUNICATIONS of the ACM (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; People: GLADWIN, H. T.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/361532.361556
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregory, James
T1  - A Comparison of Floating Point Summation Methods.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1972/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 838
EP  - 838
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Comments on methods proposed by authors P. Linz and W. Kahan in the June 1970 and January 1965 issues of the journal "Communications of the ACM" for number pair-wise summing to reduce accumulated roundoff errors in floating-point arithmetic. Information that comparisons of accuracy, speed and storage were carried out on a system with various compiler optimization levels; Information that the two schemes tested provide more accuracy than straight summation; Conclusion that Kahan scheme is an order of magnitude more accurate but much slower where the compiler produces optimized code for the competing methods.
KW  - FLOATING-point arithmetic
KW  - COMPUTER arithmetic
KW  - ROUNDING errors
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - error propagation
KW  - floating-point addition
KW  - summation
KW  - truncation error
KW  - KAHAN, W.
KW  - LINZ, P.
N1  - Accession Number: 5247927; Gregory, James 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Sep72, Vol. 15 Issue 9, p838; Subject Term: FLOATING-point arithmetic; Subject Term: COMPUTER arithmetic; Subject Term: ROUNDING errors; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: error propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: floating-point addition; Author-Supplied Keyword: summation; Author-Supplied Keyword: truncation error; People: KAHAN, W.; People: LINZ, P.; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/361573.361584
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, W. J.
AU  - Makinodan, T.
T1  - AUTOIMMUNITY IN AGED MICE.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1972/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 290
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00099104
AB  - Studies of mice with medium and long life-spans were undertaken to determine whether the autoantibodies that occur in disease and in aging are due to a common underlying cause or to separate mechanisms. Results were obtained using untreated and trypsinized syngeneic red blood cells (RBC) to detect anti-RBC autoantibodies in the plasma of aged mice. The occurrence of these autoantibodies in mice appears to be independent of strain, average life-span, and rearing conditions and their appearance in mice free of obvious autoimmune diseases suggests that they are not associated exclusively with such diseases. However, the frequency of mice with autoantibodies increases with advancing age and tends to be higher in females. These autoantibodies are distinct from natural heteroantibodies, but they are reactive against RBC from  other mouse strains. Their activity is temperature sensitive, to the extent that they are more reactive at 22°C than at 37°C. Their striking affinity for trypsinized RBC suggests that their activity may be against inaccessible, nonpeptidic determinants, most likely of carbohydrate moiety. The autoantibodies are primarily IgM immunoglobulins, and in some cases they can be IgA immunoglobulins. RBC from young and old mice show the same immunogenic potential, so changes in the RBC due to somatic variations are unlikely to be the cause for their origin. The possible origin and significance of these autoantibodies are discussed in the light of current evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical & Experimental Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOIMMUNITY
KW  - MICE
KW  - AGING
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - AUTOANTIBODIES
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 14544250; Peterson, W. J. 1 Makinodan, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.  2: Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.A.; Source Info: Oct72, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p273; Subject Term: AUTOIMMUNITY; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject Term: AUTOANTIBODIES; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinrad, Bernard I.
T1  - Elder Statesman.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1972/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 48
EP  - 48
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21569878; Spinrad, Bernard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov1972, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p48; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jordan, Carl F.
AU  - Kline, Jerry R.
T1  - MINERAL CYCLING: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN A TROPICAL RAIN FOREST.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1972/12//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 50
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Discusses some basic concepts in relation to a mineral-cycling study of a Puerto Rican tropical rain forests.  Principles of mineral cycles at the terrestrial ecosystem level; Input-output balance of mineral elements in ecosystem; Relationship between the concentration of mineral elements in ecosystem drainage water and the volume of drainage water; Relative loss of cations from the ecosystem in relation to their replacing power.
KW  - MINERAL cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - RAIN forests
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - FOREST drainage
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - PUERTO Rico
N1  - Accession Number: 11904770; Jordan, Carl F. 1 Kline, Jerry R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: 1972, Vol. 3, p33; Subject Term: MINERAL cycle (Biogeochemistry); Subject Term: RAIN forests; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: FOREST drainage; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: PUERTO Rico; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bara, Metin
AU  - Gordon, Solon A.
T1  - The Effect of Gravity Compensation on Growth and Cell Wall-loosening Enzymes in <em>Helianthus annuus</em> Hypocotyls.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1972/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 280
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The effect of gravity compensation by the clinostat on the elongation, weight, and activity of two cell wall-loosening enzymes (cellulase and (β-1,3-glucanase) in <em>Helianthus annuus</em> hypocotyls was examined. Gravity compensation increases elongation (28.1%) and weight (18.3 %), The activity of cellulase extracted from the apical sections is raised, but there is no significant effect on β-1,3-glucanase. The relationship between gravity compensation, changes in auxin level, and function of these two enzymes in respect to elongation is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - COMPOSITAE
KW  - SUNFLOWERS
KW  - PLANT hormones
N1  - Accession Number: 13865492; Bara, Metin 1 Gordon, Solon A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 1972, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p277; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: COMPOSITAE; Subject Term: SUNFLOWERS; Subject Term: PLANT hormones; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13865492
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuki, H.
AU  - Cody, W. J.
AU  - Timlake, W. P.
T1  - A Statistical Study of the Accuracy of Floating Point Number Systems.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1973/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 230
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This paper presents the statistical results of tests of the accuracy of certain arithmetic systems in evaluating sums, products and inner products, and analytic error estimates for some of the computations. The arithmetic systems studied are 6-digit hexadecimal and 22-digit binary floating point number representations combined with the usual chop and round modes of arithmetic with various numbers of guard digits, and with a modified round mode with guard digits. In a certain sense, arithmetic systems differing only in their use of binary or hexadecimal number representations are shown to be approximately statistically equivalent in accuracy. Further, the usual round mode with guard digits is shown to be statistically superior in accuracy to the usual chop mode in all cases save one. The modified round mode is found to be superior to the chop mode in all cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLOATING-point arithmetic
KW  - BINARY system (Mathematics)
KW  - COMPUTER arithmetic
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NUMBER systems
KW  - error analysis
KW  - floating point arithmetic
KW  - guard digits
KW  - number representation
KW  - rounding
N1  - Accession Number: 5221651; Kuki, H. 1 Cody, W. J. 2 Timlake, W. P.; Affiliation:  1: University of Chicago.  2: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Apr1973, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p223; Subject Term: FLOATING-point arithmetic; Subject Term: BINARY system (Mathematics); Subject Term: COMPUTER arithmetic; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NUMBER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: error analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: floating point arithmetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: guard digits; Author-Supplied Keyword: number representation; Author-Supplied Keyword: rounding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/362003.362013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hammond, R. Philip
AU  - Weinberg, Alvin M.
T1  - Energy Limits.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1973/05//
VL  - 29
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 2
EP  - 3
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21569949; Hammond, R. Philip 1 Weinberg, Alvin M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Source Info: May1973, Vol. 29 Issue 5, p2; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Düby-Nunes, Simone
AU  - Roos, B.
AU  - Cottier, H.
AU  - Schindler, R.
AU  - Hess, M. W.
AU  - Stoner, R. D.
T1  - Kinetics of Macrophages and Reticuloendothelial Cells in Mouse Lymph Nodes during Secondary Antibody Responses to Tetanus Toxoid.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1974/01//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 36
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - The proliferative activity and rate of cell renewal of, and incorporation of tritiated nucleosides into, macrophages, reticuloendothelial cells and fibroblasts were studied in lymph nodes of mice before and after a regional second antigenic stimulus with tetanus toxoid. Histological and autoradiographic examinations revealed that in non-stimulated nodes of animals primed 6 months previously, none of the above cell-types was found to synthesize DNA. Throughout a period of 10 days following secondary antigenic stimulation via the hind leg foot pads, only four of approximately five thousand of these cells counted in the popliteal lymph nodes of thirty-four mice were labelled initially by [³H]thymidine. Incorporation of [³H]cytidine could, therefore, be interpreted as reflecting almost exclusively RNA synthesis. Mean grain counts of non-proliferating cells 1 hour after injection of this radioactive precursor started to rise first in small lymphocytes, reached a peak around 6 hours following the booster injection of antigen and returned to slightly elevated values at 12 hours. At this time, the mean labelling intensity of macrophages, reticuloendothelial cells and fibroblasts had barely begun to increase. Peak values for the latter cell-types were attained only on the third day after secondary antigenic stimulation. These findings are interpreted as indicating consecutive waves of enhanced RNA synthesis first in lymphocytes and then in macrophages or the other elements mentioned above. This lends further support to the hypothesis that, following a second injection of tetanus toxoid, elevated rates of RNA synthesis in macrophages are not a prerequisite for triggering lymphocytes to enter proliferation and differentiation. Macrophages having ingested various materials showed significantly higher mean grain counts than cells not containing cytoplasmic inclusions. One early response of the macrophage system to the booster injection of antigen consisted of a more rapid and increased turnover, i.e. replacement of unlabelled by labelled cells with increasing time after injection of [³H]thymidine. The results are discussed in relation to macrophage functions in immune responses and possible cellular transformations in the macrophage series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACROPHAGES
KW  - RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - DNA
KW  - RNA
KW  - THYMIDINE
N1  - Accession Number: 12827698; Düby-Nunes, Simone 1 Roos, B. 1 Cottier, H. 1 Schindler, R. 1 Hess, M. W. Stoner, R. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Switzerland  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan74, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: MACROPHAGES; Subject Term: RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: THYMIDINE; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - Transportation Energy Conservation: Opportunities and Policy Issues.
JO  - Transportation Journal (American Society of Transportation & Logistics Inc)
JF  - Transportation Journal (American Society of Transportation & Logistics Inc)
Y1  - 1974///Spring74
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 52
PB  - American Society of Transportation & Logistics Inc
SN  - 00411612
N1  - Accession Number: 7666276; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliation:  1: Research Engineer, ORNL-NSF Environmental Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 57830.; Source Info: Spring74, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p42; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singhal, Ram P.
T1  - Anion-Exclusion and Anion-Exchange Chromatography of Nucleotides.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1974/04//Apr74 Part 1
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 252
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Anion-exclusion chromatography, previously shown to resolve nucleosides, has been applied to separate nucleotides on "cation-exchange" columns at acid pH values. The study of pH and ionic effects indicates that these separations occur by anion repulsion, not by cation exchange. Cation exchange, previously held responsible for these separations, is inoperative since nucleotides at acid pH values bear net negative charges, as do the fixed anions of the resin. The separations can be explained by anion-exclusion chromatography, which involves two factors: repulsion between identically charged solute and resin ions, and partition between aqueous eluant and organic resin matrix. The results indicate that separations by anion exclusion areas good as or better than those by anion-exchange chromatography. Anion-exchange chromatography has also been reinvestigated to develop systems that can be used to separate the four major nucleotides in single eluants and to separate most nucleosides, nucleotides and other RNA hydrolysis products in one analysis. The ion-exclusion separations are compared with those of anion-exchange chromatography. The advantages and disadvantages of beth methods are discussed. A typical example of the analysis of a nucleoside-nueleotide mixture derived from the total hydrolysis of tRNAs for the assay of the base comparison and for the analysis of terminal end groups is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - EXCHANGE reactions
KW  - ION exchange chromatography
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 12904116; Singhal, Ram P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr74 Part 1, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p245; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: EXCHANGE reactions; Subject Term: ION exchange chromatography; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Standish, T. A.
AU  - Henschen, L.
AU  - Overbeek, Ross
AU  - Wos, L.
T1  - A Theorem-Proving Language for Experimentation.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1974/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 314
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Because of the large number of strategies and inference rules presently under consideration in automated theorem proving, there is a need for developing a language especially oriented toward automated theorem proving. This paper discusses some of the features and instructions of this language. The use of this language permits easy extension of automated theorem-proving programs to include new strategies and/or new inference rules. Such extendability will permit general experimentation with the various alternative systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOMATIC theorem proving -- Software
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - INFERENCE (Logic)
KW  - COMPUTER logic
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - factoring
KW  - paramodulation
KW  - programming languages
KW  - resolution
KW  - theorem proving
N1  - Accession Number: 5246447; Standish, T. A. Henschen, L. 1 Overbeek, Ross 2 Wos, L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Steppenwolf Theatre, Artistic Director  2: Northern Illinois University.  3: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jun74, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p308; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC theorem proving -- Software; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Subject Term: INFERENCE (Logic); Subject Term: COMPUTER logic; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Author-Supplied Keyword: factoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: paramodulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: programming languages; Author-Supplied Keyword: resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: theorem proving; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chaleff, R.S.
AU  - Carlson, P.S.
T1  - SOMATIC CELL GENETICS OF HIGHER PLANTS.
JO  - Annual Review of Genetics
JF  - Annual Review of Genetics
Y1  - 1974/12//
VL  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
EP  - 278
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664197
AB  - Reports on the various means by which directed modification of the genetic information of higher plants may be achieved in vitro.  Mutant induction and selection; Gene transfer; Somatic hybridization; Incorporation of subcellular particles; Heterogeneous association of cells.
KW  - PLANT genetics
KW  - PLANT micropropagation
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - SELECTION (Plant breeding)
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12343231; Chaleff, R.S. 1 Carlson, P.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: 1974, Vol. 8, p267; Subject Term: PLANT genetics; Subject Term: PLANT micropropagation; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: SELECTION (Plant breeding); Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Volpi, A.
T1  - Energy Policy Decision-Making: The Need for Balanced Input.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1974/12//
VL  - 30
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 33
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21596121; De Volpi, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Dec1974, Vol. 30 Issue 10, p29; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ringo, Roy
T1  - The Justification of Science to Scientists.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 33
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21596176; Ringo, Roy 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Mar1975, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p29; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, R. R.
T1  - A Recruit for Los Alamos.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 47
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21596178; Wilson, R. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory at Batavia, Illinois; Source Info: Mar1975, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p41; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Cartoon or Caricatures; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teng, Lee G.
T1  - The Metaphysics of Physics.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 48
EP  - 49
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21596179; Teng, Lee G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Ill.; Source Info: Mar1975, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p48; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goodman, S. A.
AU  - Makinodan, T.
T1  - EFFECT OF AGE ON CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY IN LONG-LIVED MICE.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1975/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
EP  - 542
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00099104
AB  - The cytolytic ability of sensitized spleen cells to kill allogeneic target cells in vitro, a correlated of cell-mediated immune activity, was assessed in aging long-lived hybrid mice. There was about a 4-fold decline with age, of which about 2-fold could be accounted for by the decrease in relative numbers of immunocompetent precursor cell unites. The terminally differentiated progeny cells of antigen-stimulated precursor cells of young mice. Thus, it would appear that a decrease in the prolifer-ative and transforming capacities of antigen-stimulated precursor cells of old mice can account for the other 2-fold decline with age in the cytolytic activity. Cytolytic activity may not be the limiting function in resistance to tumour formation. This was indicated by the observation that resistance to allogeneic tumour cell challenge declines with age by as much as 500-fold in mice, showing only a 4-fold decline in their cytolytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical & Experimental Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOCOMPETENT cells
KW  - MICE as laboratory animals
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - CELLULAR immunity
KW  - GRAFT versus host disease
KW  - CANCER cells
N1  - Accession Number: 15946307; Goodman, S. A. 1 Makinodan, T. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA.  2: University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Temessee.  3: Laboratory of Cellular and Comparative Physiology, Gerontology, Research Center, NICHD, N1H, Baltimore City Hospitals, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar1975, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p533; Subject Term: IMMUNOCOMPETENT cells; Subject Term: MICE as laboratory animals; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Subject Term: CELLULAR immunity; Subject Term: GRAFT versus host disease; Subject Term: CANCER cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grube, Donald D.
AU  - Peraino, Carl
AU  - Michael Fry, R. J.
T1  - THE EFFECT OF DIETARY PHENOBARBITAL ON THE INDUCTION OF SKIN TUMORS IN HAIRLESS MICE WITH 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1975/04//
VL  - 64
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 258
EP  - 262
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Since phenobarbital is known to induce drug-metabolizing enzymes and to alter the effectiveness of certain carcinogens, its influence on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin carcinogenesis has been examined. Skin tumor development was studied in groups of hairless mice treated with repeated applications of DMBA and maintained on either a control diet or one supplemented with 0.05% phenobarbital. The feeding of phenobarbital concurrently with the application of DMBA delayed the appearance of papillomas initially, but the suppression of the ultimate tumor yield was variable, and appeared to be dependent on the dose of the carcinogen and the age-dependent toxicity response of the mice. Phenobarbital was ineffective when DMBA was applied in sufficiently large amounts to elicit marked cutaneous damage, or when dietary phenobarbital was started 1 week after the cessation of the DMBA treatment. Although the dietary administration of phenobarbital caused an apparent decrease in the final incidence of papillomas and sarcomas, the feeding did not appear to modify the macroscopic skin response or change the incidence of carcinomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SKIN -- Tumors
KW  - TOLIDINE
KW  - ANTHRACENE
KW  - DRUG metabolism
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - MICE
N1  - Accession Number: 12510676; Grube, Donald D. 1 Peraino, Carl 1 Michael Fry, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Apr75, Vol. 64 Issue 4, p258; Subject Term: SKIN -- Tumors; Subject Term: TOLIDINE; Subject Term: ANTHRACENE; Subject Term: DRUG metabolism; Subject Term: CARCINOGENS; Subject Term: MICE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12510676
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jacobson, A. P.
AU  - Plato, P. A.
AU  - Frigerio, N. A.
T1  - The Role of Natural Radiations In Human Leukemogenesis.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1976/01//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 37
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Some 3 billion years ago, life arose from a warm pool of primordial ooze amid a constant drizzle of radiation. Steadily, man evolved from the lesser forms of life because of or in spite of his natural background-radiation environment. This study is an attempt to determine to what extent these background radiations are responsible for human disease, namely leukemia. Dose rate data were compared with data on all forms of leukemia in the 50 United States for four population subgroups. For the total U.S., no relation between background radiation and leukemia is apparent. A positive correlation appears, however, if various states are deleted from the analysis. It appears that conditions relative to populations and their environment could mask a radiation effect if in fact one is present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACKGROUND radiation
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - LEUKEMIA -- Etiology
KW  - PRELEUKEMIA
KW  - LEUCOCYTOSIS
KW  - ANEMIA
KW  - BLOOD diseases
KW  - DISEASES -- History
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 5662610; Jacobson, A. P. 1 Plato, P. A. 1 Frigerio, N. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental and Industrial Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48104  2: EPSD-II, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: Jan1976, Vol. 66 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: BACKGROUND radiation; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: LEUKEMIA -- Etiology; Subject Term: PRELEUKEMIA; Subject Term: LEUCOCYTOSIS; Subject Term: ANEMIA; Subject Term: BLOOD diseases; Subject Term: DISEASES -- History; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitra, Sankar
AU  - Stallions, Donald R.
T1  - The Role of <em>Escherichia coli dna</em> A Gene and Its Integrative Suppression in M13 Coliphage DNA Synthesis.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1976/08//Aug76 Part 1
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 45
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - An F+ derivative of Escherichia coli E 508 thermosensitive in dnaA function (involved in DNA synthesis initiation), its revertant and an Hfr derivative of E 508 (ts) in which the temperature-sensitive phenotype is suppressed by integrative suppression have been compared for their ability to support M 13 phage DNA synthesis at the nonpermissive temperature. Upon infection at the nonpermissive temperature, both the revertant and the Hfr strain support normal. phage replication while the temperature-sensitive mutant does not. However, when infection is carried out at a permissive temperature and the temperature is shifted up after infection, phage synthesis occurs in the temperature-sensitive mutant also, but in lesser quantity than in the revertant strain. Analysis of intracellular labeled phage DNA indicates.: (a) parental replicative form DNA synthesis is not dependent on DNA function; (b) progeny replicative form DNA synthesis is strongly inhibited in the temperature-sensitive dnaA mutant at the nonpermissive temperature; (c) progeny single-strand DNA synthesis does not absolutely require dnaA function; (d) progeny single-strand DNA is present in the circular form. The implication of the host DNA replication in M 13 DNA synthesis is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA
KW  - TEMPERATURE control
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - PORTAGES
KW  - DEOXYRIBOSE
N1  - Accession Number: 12918010; Mitra, Sankar 1 Stallions, Donald R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Aug76 Part 1, Vol. 67 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE control; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: PORTAGES; Subject Term: DEOXYRIBOSE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dasgupta, Santanu
AU  - Mitra, Sankar
T1  - The Role of <em>Escherichia coli dna</em>G Function in Coliphage M13 DNA Synthesis.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1976/08//Aug76 Part 1
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 51
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Examination of the role of Escherichia coli dnaG function in different stages of M13 phage DNA synthesis by ultracentrifugal analysis of intracellular phage DNA in a thermosensitive dnaG mutant shows that: (a) the formation of parental double-strand replicative-form DNA (rfDNA) from the infecting virus is independent of dnaG function (b) the synthesis of progeny rfDNA requires dnaG product; (c) after a pool of rfDNA is made up, dnaG function is not required for the progeny single- strand DNA (ssDNA) synthesis. The ssDNAs produced under nonpermissive condition are mostly circular and biologically functional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
KW  - INTRACELLULAR pathogens
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12918019; Dasgupta, Santanu 1 Mitra, Sankar 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Aug76 Part 1, Vol. 67 Issue 1, p47; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; Subject Term: INTRACELLULAR pathogens; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haaland, Carsten M.
AU  - Wigner, Eugene P.
T1  - Surviving a Nuclear War.
JO  - National Review
JF  - National Review
Y1  - 1976/09/17/
VL  - 28
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1005
PB  - National Review Inc.
SN  - 00280038
N1  - Accession Number: 6074360; Haaland, Carsten M. 1,2 Wigner, Eugene P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Member, American Federation of Musicians  3: Member, Department of Physics, Princeton University; Source Info: 9/17/1976, Vol. 28 Issue 35, p1005; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langsdorf Jr., Alexander
T1  - Beyond science and religion.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1976/11//
VL  - 32
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 47
EP  - 47
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21611816; Langsdorf Jr., Alexander 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Nov1976, Vol. 32 Issue 9, p47; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Makinodan, T.
AU  - Albright, Julia W.
AU  - Good, P.I.
AU  - Peter, C.P.
AU  - Heidrick, Margaret L.
T1  - Reduced humoral immune activity in long-lived old mice: An approach to elucidating its mechanisms.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1976/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 903
EP  - 911
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Spleen cells from young (3-5 months) and old (22-27 months) mice were assessed in cultures, both in vivo and in vitro, for their antisheep RBC response separately and in mixtures. Pooled young spleens, pooled old spleens, and individual old spleens were analysed. The response of pure young spleen cells was always higher than that of pure old spleen cells (∼30 times). The responses of mixtures were either less than (i.e. reduced; frequency ∼65 per cent), comparable to (i.e. additive; frequency ∼10 per cent), or greater than (i.e. elevated; frequency ∼30 per cent) the sum of the responses given by equivalent numbers of pure young and pure old spleen cells. The reduced response was observed in mixtures containing cells from histologically normal old spleens, old spleens with tumours and old spleens with atrophic follicles. Additive and elevated responses were observed only in mixtures containing cells from histologically normal old spleens. The reduced response is explicable in terms of excessive numbers of suppressor cells in old spleens that can prevent young immunocompetent cells from responding maximally to the test antigen. The additive response can be accounted for by a reduction in number of immunocompetent cells in old spleens and/or a decrease in their functional efficiency. The elevated response can be explained by a reduction in number of at least one type of immunocompetent cell in old spleens that exists in excess in young spleens. These results indicate that there are several types of cellular changes responsible for the decrease in humoral immune activity in old mice. Pooling of old spleens, as was commonly done in the past, should therefore be discouraged. Not only might it selectively favour the expression of old spleens with an excess of supressor cells but it conceivably could result in an elevated response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - SPLEEN
KW  - HEMATOPOIETIC system
KW  - LYMPHOID tissue
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - MICE
N1  - Accession Number: 13373699; Makinodan, T. 1,2 Albright, Julia W. 1 Good, P.I. 3 Peter, C.P. 2,4 Heidrick, Margaret L. 1,2,5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Cellular and Comparative Physiology, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, PHS, U.S. Department of health, Education and Welfare, Bethesda and Baltimore City Hospitals, Baltimore, Maryland  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  3: The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan  4: Merck, Sharp and Dohme, West Point, Pennsylvania  5: Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec76, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p903; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Subject Term: SPLEEN; Subject Term: HEMATOPOIETIC system; Subject Term: LYMPHOID tissue; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: MICE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Sparks Jr., C. J.
AU  - Nixon, Alan C.
AU  - Gilman, Carolyn
AU  - McCallum, David Livingston
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1977/02/26/
VL  - 111
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 131
EP  - 131
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
N1  - Accession Number: 7071052; Sparks Jr., C. J. 1 Nixon, Alan C. Gilman, Carolyn McCallum, David Livingston; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Source Info: 2/26/1977, Vol. 111 Issue 9, p131; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 754
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slaga, Thomas J.
AU  - Thompson, Sara
AU  - Schwarz, James A.
T1  - BINDING OF DEXAMETHASONE BY THE SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS OF MOUSE EPIDERMIS AND DERMIS.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1977/05//
VL  - 68
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 309
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - The binding of the potent anticarcinogenic agent, dexamethasone, to mouse epidermal and dermal subcellular fractions was investigated. When applied to mouse skin, 3H-labeled dexamethasone remained associated, after extensive dialysis, with epidermal and dermal cytosol, microsomes, mitochondria, and chromatin. The specific activity of dexamethasone binding to these fractions was from 2 to 5 times as high in the epidermis as in the dermis. Epidermal chromatin had the highest specific activity of binding. Dexamethasone was not associated with the cytosol protein receptor which was previously found to specifically bind tumor promoters and polycyclic hydrocarbon carcinogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPIDERMIS
KW  - DERMIS
KW  - CYTOSOL
KW  - PROTOPLASM
KW  - COCARCINOGENS
KW  - MICE as laboratory animals
N1  - Accession Number: 12494574; Slaga, Thomas J. 1 Thompson, Sara 2 Schwarz, James A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Cancer and Toxicology Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U. S. A.  2: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Source Info: May77, Vol. 68 Issue 5, p307; Subject Term: EPIDERMIS; Subject Term: DERMIS; Subject Term: CYTOSOL; Subject Term: PROTOPLASM; Subject Term: COCARCINOGENS; Subject Term: MICE as laboratory animals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12494574
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creasia, D. A.
AU  - Nettesheim, P.
AU  - Kim, J. C. S.
T1  - Stimulation of DNA synthesis in the lungs of hamsters exposed intermittently to nitrogen dioxide.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1977/05//
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1173
EP  - 1181
SN  - 00984108
AB  - Stimulation of [3H]thymidine incorporation in the lungs of hamsters exposed singly and repeatedly to 10 ppm NO2 was studied. Within 24 hr of the first exposure to NO2, the response was characterized by a marked increase in [3H]thymidine labeling in the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveolar ducts, but not in the trachea or the peripheral alveoli. If, after the first NO2 exposure, subsequent exposures were repeated daily, no further stimulation of [3H]thymidine incorporation was observed in any part of the respiratory tract. However, if the interval between the first and subsequent exposures was 2–3 days rather than 1 day, stimulation of [3H]thymidine incorporation was observed in the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveolar ducts for up to 21 NO2 exposures. A significantly greater increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation was observed when the interval between subsequent exposures was extended to 7 days. However, no repeated exposure, whether at 2–3 or 7 day intervals, was as effective as the first NO2 exposure in stimulating incorporation of [3H]thymidine. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75456859; Creasia, D. A. 1 Nettesheim, P. 2 Kim, J. C. S. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Cancer and Toxicology Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Cancer and Toxicology Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830  3: Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48823; Source Info: May1977, Vol. 2 Issue 5, p1173; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287397709529515
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Selkirk, James K.
T1  - Benzo[α]pyrene carcinogenesis: A biochemical selection mechanism.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1977/07//
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1245
EP  - 1258
SN  - 00984108
AB  - Separation of the metabolic products of benzo[a]pyrene has been readily accomplished by high‐pressure liquid chromatography. This technique is uniquely suited for compounds labile to air and light and for resolving positional isomers of phenolic or other types of oxygenated metabolites of this carcinogen. This procedure has been utilized to separate and compare benzo[a]pyrene activation and detoxification products between rat, mouse, and hamster hepatic microsomes and mouse and hamster embryo cell cultures. While metabolite profiles exhibited the same types of derivatives, marked quantitative variation was observed. Microsomal preparation produced large amounts of noncarcinogenic phenols, while intact cell metabolism favored diol formation. These results are in agreement with reactivation of metabolic diols as substrates for further activation to a more proximate carcinogenic species of benzo[a]pyrene and caution against extrapolating metabolic results from any single test system to other species or tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75456894; Selkirk, James K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Carcinogenesis and Carcinogen Metabolism, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830; Source Info: Jul1977, Vol. 2 Issue 6, p1245; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287397709529527
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernstein, Frances C.
AU  - Koetzle, Thomas F.
AU  - Williams, Graheme J. B.
AU  - Meyer Jr, Edgar F.
AU  - Brice, Michael D.
AU  - Rodgers, John R.
AU  - Kennard, Olga
AU  - Shimanouchi, Takehiko
AU  - Tasumi, Mitsuo
T1  - The Protein Data Bank.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1977/11//11/1/77
VL  - 80
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 324
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The Protein Data Bank is a computer-based archival file for macromolecular structures. The Bank stores in a uniform format atomic co-ordinates and partial bond connectivities, as derived from crystallographic studies. Text included in each data entry gives pertinent information for the structure at hand (e.g. species from which the molecule has been obtained, resolution of diffraction data, literature citations and specifications of secondary structure). In addition to atomic co-ordinates and connectivities, the Protein Data Bank stores structure factors and phases, although these latter data are not placed in any uniform format. Input of data to the Bank and general maintenance functions are carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory. All data stored in the Bank are available on magnetic tape for public distribution, from Brookhaven (to laboratories in the Americas), Tokyo (Japan), and Cambridge (Europe and worldwide). A master file is maintained at Brookhaven and duplicate copies are stored in Cambridge and Tokyo. In the future, it is hoped to expand the scope of the Protein Data Bank to make available co-ordinates for standard structural types (e.g. α-helix, RNA double-stranded helix) and representative computer programs of utility in the study and interpretation of macromolecular structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
N1  - Accession Number: 13700363; Bernstein, Frances C. 1 Koetzle, Thomas F. 1 Williams, Graheme J. B. 1 Meyer Jr, Edgar F. 1 Brice, Michael D. 2 Rodgers, John R. 2 Kennard, Olga 2 Shimanouchi, Takehiko 3 Tasumi, Mitsuo 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  2: University Chemical Laboratory, Cambridge  3: Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo; Source Info: 11/1/77, Vol. 80 Issue 2, p319; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: INFORMATION science; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creasia, D. A.
T1  - Stimulation of DNA synthesis in lungs of hamsters tolerant to nitrogen dioxide.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1978/01/02/
VL  - 4
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
EP  - 762
SN  - 00984108
AB  - Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is both edematogenic and cytotoxic to the lung. Preexposure to NO 2  protects against mortality from formation of excessive pulmonary edema (tolerance) and, depending on the preexposure schedule, may or may not protect against the cytotoxic effects of NO  2  in the lung. Measurement of DNA synthesis in hamster lung was used to study the question of whether the more subtle cytoiogical injury induced by NO  2  is mediated by a system that also exhibits tolerance. It was found that when hamsters are preexposed daily to 10 ppm NO  2 , they develop tolerance for normally lethal concentrations of NO 2 , are protected against further cytoiogical injury from 10 ppm NO  2 , but are not protected from the cytotoxic effects of NO 2  at concentrations greater than 10 ppm. Animals exposed weekly to 10 ppm NO 2  are not protected from further cytoiogical injury induced by weekly exposures to 10ppm NO 2 , but do develop tolerance for lethal concentrations of NO 2 . Thus, the data indicate that induction of tolerance to NO 2  does not necessarily protect the cell populations of the lung from the cytotoxic effects of NO 2 . [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76196186; Creasia, D. A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Cancer and Toxicology Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Frederick Cancer Research Center, P.O. Box B, Frederick, Maryland, 21701; Source Info: Jan1978, Vol. 4 Issue 5/6, p755; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287397809529697
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schubert, Jack
AU  - Riley, E. Joan
AU  - Tyler, Sylvanus A.
T1  - Combined effects in toxicology‐a rapid systematic testing procedure: Cadmium, mercury, and lead.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1978/01/02/
VL  - 4
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
EP  - 776
SN  - 00984108
AB  - A testing procedure is described for the assessment of the toxicological response (e.g., acute toxcity or mutagenicity) of any combination and number of chemical, physical, and biological agents, with no more effort for a particular combination than for a single agent. The method provides a simple, sensitive, and quantitative index of synergism, antagonism, and additivity, and it has been demonstrated experimentally in rats by determining the acute lethality of combinations of cadmium, mercury, and lead salts. In a combination of two metal salts, the dose of one metal of the pair was fixed at or near the no‐effect level while the dose of the second metal was Increased until the entire dose‐response curve was obtained. To evaluate interactions of the three metals, the previous pair of metals were kept fixed at their combined extrapolated LD1 level, and the third metal was increased. The statistical treatment of the data employed a computer program that did not involve probit transformations, but rather the approximate linear relationship between the fractional response and the logarithm of the dose. A particular combination could be synergistic, antagonistic, or additive, depending on the relative doses employed. Generally, a combination was synergistic when the most toxic member was present at or near its LD1 dose in the presence of the much less toxic member; the same combination was protective when the least toxic member was present at or near its LD1 dose. The results clarify apparently contradictory reports regarding the biological effects of metal combinations. The application of the testing procedure to combinations of mutagens is described, and an example is cited involving, for a particular bacterial mutagen, a combination of N ‐methyl‐N’‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine with ethylmethanesulfonate. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76196187; Schubert, Jack 1 Riley, E. Joan 2 Tyler, Sylvanus A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Peale Science Center, Hope College, Holland, Michigan, 49423  2: Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  3: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Jan1978, Vol. 4 Issue 5/6, p763; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287397809529698
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
AU  - McConathy, R. K.
AU  - Dinger, B. E.
T1  - SEASONAL CHANGES IN RESPIRATORY METABOLISM OF YELLOW-POPLAR (LIRIODENDRON TULIPIFERA) BRANCHES.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
Y1  - 1978/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 334
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218901
AB  - (1) The rates of CO2 and O2 exchange. calculated respiratory quotients. and tissue moisture contents of detached yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) branches were studied during an annual cycle. (2) Average respiration of current year twigs (315 mg CO2 m-2 h-1)was considerably higher during the growing season than that of older branches (175 mg CO2 m-2 h-1). (3) The respiration rates of current year twigs and older branches followed a similar pattern of change during the rowing season. Changes in respiratory quotients agreed well with expected changes in respiratory substrate, based on the phenology of yellow poplar. (4) Changes in respiratory metabolism were significantly correlated with changing moisture content of older tissues, however, distinct seasonal differences in the influence of tissue moisture were noted. (5) The high respiratory activity and large surface area of small branches and twigs indicates that they should be considered important in any attempt to quantify gas exchange and energy flow through forested ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIRIODENDRON tulipifera
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - TWIGS
KW  - RESPIRATION in plants
KW  - PHENOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12392189; McLaughlin, S. B. 1 McConathy, R. K. 1 Dinger, B. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Source Info: Apr78, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p327; Subject Term: LIRIODENDRON tulipifera; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: TWIGS; Subject Term: RESPIRATION in plants; Subject Term: PHENOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laughrea, Michael
AU  - Engelman, Donald M.
AU  - Moore, Peter B.
T1  - X-Ray and Neutron Small-Angle Scattering Studies of the Complex between Protein S1 and the 30-S Ribosomal Subunit.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1978/04/17/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
EP  - 534
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - X-ray and neutron solution scattering experiments have been done to investigate the influence of the binding of ribosomal protein S1 on the conformation of the 30-S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli. The following conclusions were made. 1. The alterations (if any) in conformation of the non-S1 parts of the 30-S subunit induced by S1 binding are too small to be detected (<0.1 nm change in radius of gyration). 2. The center of gravity of protein S1 bound to the 30-S subunit is quite far from the center of gravity of the particle ( &assymp 7.5 nm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - RIBOSOMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13646820; Laughrea, Michael 1 Engelman, Donald M. 1 Moore, Peter B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University and the Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: 4/17/78, Vol. 85 Issue 2, p529; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: RIBOSOMES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asbury, Joseph G.
T1  - The reading table.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1978/06//
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 63
EP  - 63
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21656521; Asbury, Joseph G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun1978, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p63; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ohler, C. L.
AU  - Marks, P. L.
AU  - Sprugel, D. G.
T1  - STAND STRUCTURE AND ALLOMETRY OF TREES DURING SELF-THINNING OF PURE STANDS.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1978/07//
VL  - 66
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 599
EP  - 614
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00220477
N1  - Accession Number: 14184741; ohler, C. L. 1 Marks, P. L. 1 Sprugel, D. G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.  2: Radiological and Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul78, Vol. 66 Issue 2, p599; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goudsmit, Samuel
T1  - Scientists under Hitler: Politics and the Physics Community in the Third Reich.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1978/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 47
EP  - 49
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21656533; Goudsmit, Samuel 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Chairman, Physics department, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: University of Nevada, Reno; Source Info: Sep1978, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p47; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - De Volpi, Alex
T1  - Soft on proliferation?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1978/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 62
EP  - 63
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21656543; De Volpi, Alex 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep1978, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p62; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, R. V.
AU  - Vinikour, W. S.
AU  - Brower, J. E.
T1  - The distribution of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the biota of two freshwater sites with different trace metal inputs.
JO  - Holarctic Ecology
JF  - Holarctic Ecology
Y1  - 1978/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 384
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01059327
AB  - The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were determined in the abiotic and biotic components at two sites in the Fox River, Illinois. Analysis of the metals was completed on solutions of wet ashed or dry ashed samples with a single beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Despite different inputs of the trace metals there were no significant differences in the concentration of Cu or Zn in the biota between the two sites. This was postulated to be due to physiological control of these metals. However, Cd and Pb concentrations were higher in the biota and substrate at the high input site. No accumulation of Cd or Pb occurred at higher trophic levels. Cu and Zn concentrations were similar for all biota with the exception of crayfish and snails which had higher Cu and Zn concentrations, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Holarctic Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - FRESHWATER organisms
KW  - SPECTROPHOTOMETERS
KW  - RIVERS
KW  - ILLINOIS
N1  - Accession Number: 18535124; Anderson, R. V. 1 Vinikour, W. S. 2 Brower, J. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  3: Equitable Environmental Health Inc., Woodbury; Source Info: 1978, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p377; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: FRESHWATER organisms; Subject Term: SPECTROPHOTOMETERS; Subject Term: RIVERS; Subject Term: ILLINOIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Link, Gerhard
AU  - Kidd, George H.
AU  - Richter, Gerhard
AU  - Bogorad, Lawrence
T1  - Structural Relationships Among the Multiple Forms of DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase II from Cultured Parsley Cells.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1978/11/15/
VL  - 91
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 368
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (or B) was purified from cultured parsley cells, and its molecular structure was examined in detail. Upon centrifugation through glycerol gradients, RNA polymerase II sediments as a single band with an apparent sedimentation constant of 15 S. No contamination with RNA polymerases I or III could be detected when the activity of purified RNA polymerase II was assayed in the presence of high concentrations of α-amanitin. Analysis of purified RNA polymerase II by nondenattiring and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that this enzyme exists in multiple forms. They were designated IIO, IIA, and IIB. It is suggested that each form has a subunit of Mr = 140000 as well as smaller polypeptides in common. They differ, however, in the molecular weights of their largest subunits which is 220000 in form IIO, 200000 in form IIA, and 180000 in form IIB. These large subunits were labelled with 125I, digested with trypsin, and tryptic digests were compared by two-dimensional analysis on thin-layer plates [Elder et al. (1977) J. Biol. Chem. 252, 6510–6515]. Fingerprints of tryptic digests from the polypeptides with Mr = 220000, Mr = 200000, and Mr = 180000 were similar. It is, therefore, suggested that these subunits are structurally related. A tryptic digest was also produced from the subunit with Mr = 140000. Its fingerprint was found to yield a considerably different distribution of peptides as compared to those from the three large subunits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - PARSLEY
KW  - PLANT cells & tissues
KW  - CELL culture
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - AMANITINS
KW  - POLYACRYLAMIDE gel electrophoresis
N1  - Accession Number: 13696376; Link, Gerhard 1 Kidd, George H. 2 Richter, Gerhard 3 Bogorad, Lawrence 1; Affiliation:  1: BiologicalLaboratories, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 02138  2: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box Y, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. 37830  3: Institut für Botanik, Technische Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straß 2, D-3000 Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany; Source Info: 11/15/78, Vol. 91 Issue 2, p363; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: PARSLEY; Subject Term: PLANT cells & tissues; Subject Term: CELL culture; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: AMANITINS; Subject Term: POLYACRYLAMIDE gel electrophoresis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111219 Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Larson, Steven
AU  - Hamilton, Glen
AU  - Richards, Powell
AU  - Ritchie, James
T1  - Kit-labeled technetium-99m red blood cells (Tc-99m-RBC's) for clinical cardiac chamber imaging.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1978/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 231
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71142171; Larson, Steven Hamilton, Glen Richards, Powell 1 Ritchie, James 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Allied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton USA; Source Info: Dec1978, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p227; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00251397
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Postol, Theodore
T1  - The Fight Over Nuclear Energy/Energy or Extinction.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/01//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 44
EP  - 45
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21596031; Postol, Theodore 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Ill.; Source Info: Jan1979, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p44; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Cohen, Bernard L.
T1  - A few numbers.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/01//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 63
EP  - 63
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 21596042; Cohen, Bernard L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan1979, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p63; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hull, Andrew P.
T1  - Increased Life Expectancy Offsets Energy Gains from Dieters.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1979/05//
VL  - 69
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 514
EP  - 515
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "The Energy Cost of Overweight in the United States," by Timothy G. Lohman and Bruce M. Hannon in the August 1978 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - OVERWEIGHT persons
N1  - Accession Number: 23094606; Hull, Andrew P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Safety & Environmental Protection Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc. Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: May79, Vol. 69 Issue 5, p514; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: OVERWEIGHT persons; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - De Volpi, A.
T1  - More on thorium cycles and nuclear proliferation.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 57
EP  - 59
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226904; De Volpi, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Reactor Analysis and Safety Division, Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Sep1979, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p57; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taichman, Lorne B.
AU  - Setlow, Richard B.
T1  - Repair of Ultraviolet Light Damage to the DNA of Cultured Human Epidermal Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1979/09//
VL  - 73
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 219
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Pure cultures of dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes have been obtained from a single biopsy of newborn foreskin. The cells were labeled, exposed to several doses of UV light, and allowed to repair in the dark for 16 hr. The number of pyrimidine dimers before and after repair was assessed by measuring the numbers of sites in the DNA sensitive to a specific UV endonuclease. At all doses used, the extent of repair was similar in the cultured keratinocytes and cultured fibroblasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLS
KW  - FORESKIN
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - KERATINOCYTES
KW  - PYRIMIDINES
KW  - DNA
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 12514242; Taichman, Lorne B. 1 Setlow, Richard B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York. Stony Brook, (L.T.)  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton. New York, USA.; Source Info: Sep79, Vol. 73 Issue 3, p217; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: FORESKIN; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Subject Term: KERATINOCYTES; Subject Term: PYRIMIDINES; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12514242
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillman, William S.
T1  - Temperature Sensitivity of Daily Respiratory Patterns Entrained through Phytochrome Action in <em>Lemna paucicostata</em> Strain 6746.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1979/09//
VL  - 47
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
EP  - 60
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The respiration rate of heterotrophic <em>Lemna paucicostata</em> Hegelm. 6746 cultures at 26-27°C and given a brief pulse of red light, assumes patterns with properties dependent on the nitrogen source supplied. In a search for conditions specifically affecting features of those patterns expressing photoperiodic timing, their amplitudes have been measured as relative peak height (RPH) -- the increased height at the daily peak as a proportion of the average daily minimum -- at both 21°C and 28°C. On nitrate, ammonium or aspartate medium, RPH is reduced roughly 70% at 21°C as compared to 28°C, but on nitrogen-deficient medium the reduction is only 20-30%. Yet growth and the actual intensity of respiration are not differently temperature sensitive on NO3 and N-deficient media. Nor does RPH itself correlate with growth rate. Previous evidence indicates that patterns on NO3 and NH4 media reflect photoperiodic timing and that those on aspartate and N- deficient media do not; hence the temperature sensitivity of RPH does not correlate with whether or not a pattern reflects photoperiodic timing. However, different daily patterns are elicited by pulses of red or far-red on NO3, NH4, and aspartate media but not on the N-deficient. Hence the temperature sensitivity of RPH does correlate with the degree to which the patterns distinguish between red and far-red, which is to say between high and low levels of Pfr-phytochrome. This suggests that high temperature sensitivity in RPH reflects a reaction limited by N assimilation and saturating only at relatively high levels of Pfr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE sense
KW  - PHYTOCHROMES
KW  - PLANT pigments
KW  - LEMNA paucicostata
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - AMMONIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 15935087; Hillman, William S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y. 11973, U.S.A.; Source Info: Sep79, Vol. 47 Issue 1, p56; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE sense; Subject Term: PHYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: PLANT pigments; Subject Term: LEMNA paucicostata; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: AMMONIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Brien, John N.
T1  - Regulating nuclear security.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/11//
VL  - 35
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 58
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226965; O'Brien, John N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Member, Technical Support Organization for Nuclear Safeguards, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.; Source Info: Nov1979, Vol. 35 Issue 9, p57; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fainberg, Anthony
T1  - More on Three Mile island.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1979/11//
VL  - 35
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 65
EP  - 65
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226969; Fainberg, Anthony 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory.; Source Info: Nov1979, Vol. 35 Issue 9, p65; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dumont, James N.
AU  - Schultz, T. Wayne
T1  - Effects of coal‐gasification sour water on Xenopus laevis embryos.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
Y1  - 1980/01/02/
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 138
SN  - 03601226
AB  - The untreated sour water from a coal‐gasification process has been examined for toxic and teratogenic effects on the embryos of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Embryos were exposed to varying concentrations of sour water, and the number of deaths and abnormals as well as motility, pigmentation, and stage of development were monitored. Increases in toxicity and teratogenicity were directly related to both concentration and time of exposure. The sour water also caused a reduction in motility, pigmentation, and rate of embryonic development. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75490386; Dumont, James N. 1 Schultz, T. Wayne 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830  2: Department of Biology, Pan American University, Edinburg, Texas, 78539; Source Info: Jan1980, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p127; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934528009374918
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fainberg, Anthony
T1  - Ground rules for the power debate.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/03//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
EP  - 46
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24227033; Fainberg, Anthony 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory.; Source Info: Mar1980, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p44; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Marsh, G. E.
AU  - Stanford, G. S.
AU  - De Volpi, A.
AU  - Postol, T. A.
T1  - Fallout from the Progressive H-bomb.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/04//
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 64
EP  - 65
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24227089; Marsh, G. E. 1 Stanford, G. S. 1 De Volpi, A. 1 Postol, T. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Apr1980, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p64; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerson, Stanley
AU  - Fry, R. J. Michael
AU  - Kisieleski, Walter E.
AU  - Sallese, Anthony H.
T1  - Cell Renewal in Noncornified and Cornified Buccal Epithelium in the Rabbit.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1980/04//
VL  - 74
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 192
EP  - 196
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - This study was undertaken to compare some aspects of cell renewal in the non-cornified and cornified epithelia that are juxtaposed in the buccal mucosa of the rabbit. Specimens were analyzed by autoradiography and scintillation counting at various times after the injection of tritiated thymidine or tritiated proline. In the non-cornified epithelium, the labeling index in the proliferative compartment at 1 hr was 15.5%; in the entire cell population, it was 5.8% at 1 hr, 10.4% at 24 hr, and 20.2% at 72 hr. The leading edge of labeled cells reached the surface by 96 hr. In the cornified epithelium, the labeling index in the proliferative compartment was 8.7% at 1 hr; in the entire nucleated cell population, it was 4.2% at 1 hr, 9.2% at 24 hr, and 12.1% at 96 hr. The leading edge of labeled cells reached the stratum corneum by 96 hr and the surface by 144 hr. It was concluded that renewal occurs at a more rapid rate in the non-cornified than in the cornified epithelium under study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL proliferation
KW  - CYTOLOGY
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - EPITHELIUM
KW  - RABBITS
KW  - EPIDERMIS
N1  - Accession Number: 12541704; Gerson, Stanley 1,2 Fry, R. J. Michael 1,2 Kisieleski, Walter E. 1,2 Sallese, Anthony H. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Oral Pathology, University of Illinois at the Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.  2: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr80, Vol. 74 Issue 4, p192; Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Subject Term: CYTOLOGY; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: EPITHELIUM; Subject Term: RABBITS; Subject Term: EPIDERMIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112930 Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311615 Poultry Processing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12541704
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanford, G. S.
T1  - Will we perish if we publish?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 64
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24227134; Stanford, G. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jun1980, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p62; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Court, Gary J.
T1  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND TRANSLOCATION STUDIES OF LAURENCIA SPECTABILIS AND ITS SYMBIONT JANCZEWSKIA GARDNERI (RHODOPHYCEAE).
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1980/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
EP  - 279
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The symbiotic association between the supposed parasite Janczewskia gardneri Setchell & Guernsey and its host Laurencia spectabilis Postels & Ruprecht was investigated. Mature plants of J. gardneri were pigmented, contained "typical" red algal chloroplasts when viewed by electron microscopy, and were capable of photosynthesis. Both J. gardneri and L. spectabilis incorporated [SUP14]C-label from NaH[SUP14]CO[SUB3] into similar compounds, including sugars (floridoside, isofloridoside, galactose, glucose) and amino acids (alanine, aspartic acid, glutomic acid, glycine, serine). Translocation of [SUP14]C-labeled photosynthetic products between mature J. gardneri and its host did not occur. This research suggests that mature individuals of J. gardneri are obligate epiphyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAURENCIA
KW  - RED algae
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - PARASITES
KW  - EPIPHYTES
KW  - abligate epiphyte
KW  - Floridoside
KW  - host
KW  - Janczewskia
KW  - Laurencia
KW  - parasite
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - Rhodophyta
KW  - translocation
N1  - Accession Number: 11436992; Court, Gary J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York 11973.; Source Info: Jun80, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p270; Subject Term: LAURENCIA; Subject Term: RED algae; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: PARASITES; Subject Term: EPIPHYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: abligate epiphyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Floridoside; Author-Supplied Keyword: host; Author-Supplied Keyword: Janczewskia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laurencia; Author-Supplied Keyword: parasite; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodophyta; Author-Supplied Keyword: translocation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11436992
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klein-Szanto, A. J. P.
AU  - Martin, D. H.
AU  - Pine, A. H.
T1  - Cutaneous Manifestations in Rats with Advanced Vitamin A Deficiency.
JO  - Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
JF  - Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
Y1  - 1980/08//
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 260
EP  - 270
SN  - 03036987
AB  - The article presents a discussion on cutaneous manifestations in rats with advanced vitamin A deficiency. In contrast to reports in which several cutaneous alterations were totally or partially ascribed to vitamin A deficiency in humans, some other reports have described very mild or no skin lesions in experimental hypovitaminosis. The absence of cutaneous changes was probably due to the short life-span of the experimental animals. The objective of the present study was to describe the morphological and ultramorphological characteristics of these lesions.
KW  - CUTANEOUS manifestations of general diseases
KW  - RATS
KW  - VITAMIN A deficiency
KW  - PRECANCEROUS conditions
KW  - VITAMIN deficiency
KW  - ANIMAL life spans
N1  - Accession Number: 11804580; Klein-Szanto, A. J. P. 1 Martin, D. H. 1 Pine, A. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A..; Source Info: 1980, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p260; Subject Term: CUTANEOUS manifestations of general diseases; Subject Term: RATS; Subject Term: VITAMIN A deficiency; Subject Term: PRECANCEROUS conditions; Subject Term: VITAMIN deficiency; Subject Term: ANIMAL life spans; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Brien, John N.
T1  - The Progressive case.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 61
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226353; O'Brien, John N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.; Source Info: Oct1980, Vol. 36 Issue 8, p60; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanford, George S.
T1  - A legalistic game?
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1980/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 60
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226383; Stanford, George S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Nov1980, Vol. 36 Issue 9, p60; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho, James K.
T1  - A Successive Linear Optimization Approach to the Dynamic Traffic Assignment Problem.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1980/11//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - A dynamic model for the optimal control of traffic flow over a network is considered. The model, which treats congestion explicitly in the flow equations, gives rise to nonlinear, nonconvex mathematical programming problems. It has been shown for a piecewise linear version of this model that a global optimum is contained in the set of optimal solutions of a certain linear program. This paper presents a sufficient condition for optimality which implies that a global optimum can be obtained by successively optimizing at most N + 1 objective functions for the linear program, where N is the number of time periods in the planning horizon. Computational results are reported to indicate the efficiency of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRAFFIC assignment
KW  - TRAFFIC flow
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - PLANNING
N1  - Accession Number: 4472807; Ho, James K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.; Source Info: Nov80, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p295; Subject Term: TRAFFIC assignment; Subject Term: TRAFFIC flow; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Subject Term: LINEAR programming; Subject Term: PLANNING; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stöckel, Peter
AU  - May, Roland
AU  - Strell, Irmtraud
AU  - Cejka, Zdenka
AU  - Hoppe, Walter
AU  - Heumann, Hemann
T1  - A Novel Chiral Microenvironmental Probe at the Active Site of Trypsin.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1980/11/17/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 409
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - p-Amidinophenyl esters of an enantiomeric pair of N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)alanine (N2Ph-Ala) were both efficiently hydrolyzed by trypsin. The acylation and deacylation rate constants for the D-isomer are 1/2.5 of those for the L-isomer. Slow rates of deacylation of the two substrates made is possible to prepare the pair of enantiomeric acyl-trypsins. Circular dichroic (CD) spectra of the purified acyl-typsins revealed that the two extrinsic chromophores are somewhat differently oriented in the chiral environment of the active site, although both chromophores could couple intermolecularly with similar intrinsic chromophores near the active site. When p-amidinophenol was added, not only was the deacylation rate of N2Ph-DAla-trypsin noticeably increased, but also the transient CD sprectrum of the enzyme derivative changed markedly in comparison with that of the L-derivative. The observations indicate that the two enantiomeric acyl groups at the active site are situated in different microenvironments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRYPSIN
KW  - DIGESTIVE enzymes
KW  - PANCREATIC secretions
KW  - SERINE proteinases
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - CIRCULAR dichroism
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13620773; Stöckel, Peter 1 May, Roland 1 Strell, Irmtraud 1 Cejka, Zdenka 1 Hoppe, Walter 1 Heumann, Hemann 1; Affiliation:  1: Abteilung für Strukturforschung I, Abteilung für Molekulare Biologie der Genwirkung, Max-Plack-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, and Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne; Source Info: 11/17/80, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p403; Subject Term: TRYPSIN; Subject Term: DIGESTIVE enzymes; Subject Term: PANCREATIC secretions; Subject Term: SERINE proteinases; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: CIRCULAR dichroism; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stöckel, Peter
AU  - May, Roland
AU  - Strell, Irmtraud
AU  - Cejka, Zdenka
AU  - Hoppe, Walter
AU  - Heumann, Hermann
AU  - Zillig, Wolfram
AU  - Crespi, Henry L.
T1  - The Core Subunit Structure in RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme Determined by Neutron Small-Angle Scattering.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1980/11/17/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 417
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The core subunit arrangement α2-ββʹ within DNA-dependent RNA polymerase holoenzyme 2-ββʹσ from Escherichia coli was investigated by neutron small-angle scattering using label triangulation. The quaternary structure of multisubunit biomolecules can be studied by this new method if total reconstitution works in a quantitative way and if extensive replacement of C-bound hydrogen (H) by deuterium (2H) is possible. A substitution of the selected subunits by their fully deuterated analogues was used for the analysis of the overall shapes of the core subunits α2, β and βʹ in situ and for the determination of the intersubunit centre-to-centre distances. THe contrast between the buffer and the remaining ‘hydrogenated’ enzyme vanished if the buffer contains 42% 2H2O (matching of scattering length densities). The isotopic hybridization of the enzyme fulfils the conditions of isomorphous replacement as required: molecular functions, like enzyme activity, were completely preserved. The orientations of the core subunits within the holoenzyme were derived by comparing theoretical and experimental pair distance distribution functions, P(r), obtained from the scattering intensity differences of the pair-labelled (e.g. both β and βʹ labelled) and both mono-labelled molecules by direct Fourier transformations. Additional, the subunit shapes were defined by P(r) analyses. The arrangement of the stable core structure within the holoenzyme, which contains σ as a dissociable factor, is presented in a three-dimensional model [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - TRANSFERASES
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SMALL-angle scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13620783; Stöckel, Peter 1 May, Roland 2 Strell, Irmtraud 1 Cejka, Zdenka 1 Hoppe, Walter 1 Heumann, Hermann 3 Zillig, Wolfram 3 Crespi, Henry L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Abteilung für Strukturforschung I, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-8033 Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany  2: Institut Max-von-Laue/Paul-Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France  3: Abteilung für Molekulare Biologie der Genwirkung, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-8033 Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany  4: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A. 60439; Source Info: 11/17/80, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p411; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: TRANSFERASES; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SMALL-angle scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stöckel, Peter
AU  - May, Roland
AU  - Strell, Irmtraud
AU  - Cejka, Zdenka
AU  - Hoppe, Walter
AU  - Heumann, Hermann
AU  - Zillig, Wolfram
AU  - Crespi, Henry L.
T1  - The Subunit Positions within RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme Determined by Triangulation of Centre-to-Centre Distances.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1980/11/17/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 423
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The complete ‘centre-of-subunit structure’ of the multisubunit enzyme DNA-dependent RNA polymerase was determined by triangulation of the subunit positions using the intersubunit distances calculated from scattering difference measurements and from the corresponding radii of gyration R. In addition to the centre-to-centre distances d between the core subunits α 2, β and βʹ  presented in the preceding paper, the values of  between initiation factor σ and α (8.4 ± 1.6 nm), β (4.4 ± 2.2 nm) and βʹ (10.7 ± 1.5 nm) were derived from R of σ (4.1 ± 0.3 nm) in situ and of the pairs α2 – σ (6.1 ± 0.4 nm), β – σ (5.6 ± 0.3 nm) and βʹ – σ (7.5 ± 0.4 nm) within the holoenzyme (α2β βʹσ). The structural parameters of the subunits within their molecular complex are accessible for neutron small-angle scattering measurements using labelling of the different subunits (deuteration), total reconstitution of isotopic hybrids, scattering length density matching of‘hydrogenated’ molecular parts and extended exposure times because of weak scattering effects. The overall shape of σ bound to core enzyme (α2ββʹ) proved to be identical (within experimental resolution) with σ in the isolated state measured recently by X-ray small-angle scattering. The refined shape of isolated σ was reduced to an ellipsoid which was orientated with respect to the core structure (α2 — β — βʹ) in a ’space-filling’ way around the position of the σ centre obtained by triangulation. The complete subunit arrangement of holoenzyme is shown in a three-dimensional model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - TRANSFERASES
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - TRIANGULATION
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - THREE-dimensional display systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13620794; Stöckel, Peter 1 May, Roland 2 Strell, Irmtraud 1 Cejka, Zdenka 1 Hoppe, Walter 1 Heumann, Hermann 3 Zillig, Wolfram 3 Crespi, Henry L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Abteilung für Strukturforschung I, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-8033 Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany  2: Institut Max-von-Laue/Paul-Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France  3: Abteilung für Molekulare Biologie der Genwirkung, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-8033 Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany  4: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A. 60439; Source Info: 11/17/80, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p419; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: TRANSFERASES; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: TRIANGULATION; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: THREE-dimensional display systems; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitra, Sankar
T1  - DNA REPLICATION IN VIRUSES.
JO  - Annual Review of Genetics
JF  - Annual Review of Genetics
Y1  - 1980/12//
VL  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 397
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664197
AB  - Investigates the DNA synthesis in viral systems.  Diversity in the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication; Complexity of genome organization and the fidelity of genome duplication; Termination of replication in circular duplex DNA.
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - DNA synthesis
KW  - GENOMES
N1  - Accession Number: 12409254; Mitra, Sankar 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 1980, Vol. 14, p347; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: DNA synthesis; Subject Term: GENOMES; Number of Pages: 51p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Banion, Kerry
T1  - Reagan's Energy Program: A Time For Conservation.
JO  - Nation
JF  - Nation
Y1  - 1981/01/03/
VL  - 232
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 20
PB  - Nation Company, L. P.
SN  - 00278378
N1  - Accession Number: 11241129; O'Banion, Kerry 1; Affiliation:  1: An environmental policy analyst for the University of California-run, Department of Energy-owned Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.; Source Info: 1/3/1981, Vol. 232 Issue 1, p16; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Rey, B. M.
AU  - Lanfranchi, H. E.
AU  - Klein-Szanto, A. J. P.
AU  - Itoiz, M. E.
T1  - Effects of the Hypoxic Radiosensitizer Misonidazole on Normal and Irradiated Epidermis.
JO  - Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
JF  - Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
Y1  - 1981/04//
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 95
SN  - 03036987
AB  - Misonidazole, a hypoxic cell radiation-sensitizer, has been used in rho to analyze its effects on normal and x-irradiated epidermis. The drug action was evaluated 3 days after being implanted subcutaneously. The response of the epidermis and specially of the basal cells to the drug alone and in combination with x-radiation was studied. The ultramorphological analysis as well as quantitative data on epidermal thickness and keratinocyte volume showed that high doses of misonidazole impair the usual lost-irradiation epidermal reaction, thus enhancing the involutional effects of radiation and inhibiting radiation-damage repair, even under conditions of normal oxygenation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cutaneous Pathology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPIDERMIS
KW  - KERATINOCYTES
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - CANCER
KW  - CELLS
KW  - SKIN
N1  - Accession Number: 11826926; de Rey, B. M. 1 Lanfranchi, H. E. 1 Klein-Szanto, A. J. P. 2 Itoiz, M. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Radiobiology Department, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Buenos Aires, Argentina  2: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge,Tennessee 37830, USA; Source Info: Apr81, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p89; Subject Term: EPIDERMIS; Subject Term: KERATINOCYTES; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: SKIN; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1600-0560.ep11826926
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fainberg, Anthony
AU  - Bieber, Alan M.
AU  - Higinhotham, William A.
T1  - On 'Life under the gun'.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1981/05//
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 62
EP  - 63
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24227189; Fainberg, Anthony 1 Bieber, Alan M. 1 Higinhotham, William A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y. 11973.; Source Info: May1981, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p62; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiue, C.
AU  - Gallagher, B.
AU  - Wolf, A.
T1  - I-β-iodo-D-alanine-synthesis, biodistribution and antimicrobial activity.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1981/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 248
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71142381; Shiue, C. 1 Gallagher, B. 1 Wolf, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Source Info: Jun1981, Vol. 6 Issue 6, p245; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00251346
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - Photoreactivation in Bacteria and in Skin.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1981/07//
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 95
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - In many procaryotic and eucaryotic cells, photoreactivating enzyme mediates light-dependent repair of UV- induced damage: the enzyme binds to a pyrimidine dimer in DNA, and, on absorption of a photon (300-600 nm), specifically monomerizes the dimer, thus repairing the DNA. Photoreactivating enzyme has been found in human tissues and human cells in culture; human cells in culture can photoreactivate cellular dimers, and can mediate photoreactivation of Herpes (human fibroblasts) and Epstein-Barr virus (human leukocytes). Measurements of pyrimidine dimer formation and repair in human skin indicate that detectable numbers of dimers are formed at 1 minimal erythemal dose, that the dimers are rapidly removed in skin kept in the absence of light, and they are more rapidly removed when the skin is exposed to visible light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - PYRIMIDINES
KW  - SKIN
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - LEUCOCYTES
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 12479267; Sutherland, Betsy M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul81, Vol. 77 Issue 1, p91; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: PYRIMIDINES; Subject Term: SKIN; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Subject Term: LEUCOCYTES; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12479267
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Curry, The´rèse M.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
T1  - RESPONSES OF LEAVES OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1981/07//
VL  - 88
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 420
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Relative rates of nutrient penetration, nutrient leaching, and cell permeability of first trifoliate leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Univ. of Idaho 111 were examined after exposure to simulated acidic rain. In buffer solutions [Sup35]SO[Sub4][Sup2-] penetrated leaves faster at pH 2.7 than at 5.7. In contrast, [Sup86]Rb[Sup+] pervaded fastest at pH 5.7, and [Sup3]H[sub2]O entered foliage at similar rates at all pH levels tested. When plants were exposed to simulated rains of various pH levels, calcium, nitrate and sulphate were preferentially leached from whole leaves by rainfalls of low pH, whereas potassium and chloride leached more at pH 5.7 and 3.4 compared with 2.7 and 2.9. Isotope tests indicated that cells within leaves were more permeable to [Sup35]SO[Sup4][Sup2-] and [Sup3]H[Sub2]O and less permeable to [Sup86]Rb[sup+] at pH 2.7 than at higher pH levels. These results suggest a wide diversity of leaf and cell permeability responses to various ions after exposure to acidic rain. In general, an increased rate of nutrient leaching at more acidic levels was correlated with a lower adaxial leaf resistance during leaf development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - RAINFALL simulators
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - COMMON bean
N1  - Accession Number: 12075016; Evans, Lance S. 1,2 Curry, The´rèse M. 1 Lewin, Keith F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, NY 10471, U.S.A.  2: Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul81, Vol. 88 Issue 3, p403; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Subject Term: RAINFALL simulators; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: COMMON bean; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fainberg, Anthony
T1  - Osirak and international security.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1981/10//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 36
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226679; Fainberg, Anthony 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Brookhaven National-Laboratory, Upton, New York (11973).; Source Info: Oct1981, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p33; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeWitt, Hugh E.
AU  - Marsh, Gerald E.
T1  - Secrecy and the comprehensive test ban.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1981/11//
VL  - 37
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 54
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226718; DeWitt, Hugh E. Marsh, Gerald E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Reactor Analysis and Safety Division of Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Nov1981, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p53; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Conway, Christine A.
AU  - Patti, Mitchell J.
T1  - SEED YIELDS (QUANTITY AND QUALITY) OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1981/11//
VL  - 89
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
EP  - 570
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Experiments were performed to determine changes in mass, protein content and carbohydrate content of seeds of soybean plants exposed to simulated acidic rain grown under standard agronomic practices and receiving ambient rainfall at Brookhaven National Laboratory during the summer of 1979. Plots were exposed three times per week to simulated rainfalls of pH 4.0, 3.1, 2.7 or 2.3 to provide inputs of 50, 397, 998 or 2506 μequiv. of hydrogen ions respectively, above ambient levels throughout the growing season. Control plots received no simulated rainfall treatments. The results indicate significant differences by both analysis of variance and two-tailed t-tests. These additional hydrogen ions decreased seed yields by 2.6, 6.5, 11.4 and 8.5%, respectively. A treatment-response function was determined between the hydrogen ion concentration of the treatments and seed yield. This function, y = 21.06 - 1.01 log x, has a correlation coefficient of minus 0.90 and its slope is significantly different from zero. Decreased yields were attributed to a decrease in number of pods per plant since seed number per pod and mass per seed did not vary among the treatments. On a per plant basis, total seed protein decreased by 10 and 19% in plants exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 4.0 and 3.1, respectively, compared with plants not exposed to simulated rainfalls. At these same treatment levels total non-structural carbohydrates did not decrease significantly. The results show that additional increments of simulated acidic rain can decrease seed biomass and protein content of field-grown soybeans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT proteins
KW  - FORAGE plants
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 12322380; Evans, Lance S. 1,2 Lewin, Keith F. 1 Conway, Christine A. 2 Patti, Mitchell J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, U.S.A.  2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York 10471, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov81, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p459; Subject Term: PLANT proteins; Subject Term: FORAGE plants; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril D.
T1  - Skin lesions in the tail of the spiny dogfish, <em>Squalus acanthias</em> L.
JO  - Journal of Fish Diseases
JF  - Journal of Fish Diseases
Y1  - 1982/01//
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 74
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407775
AB  - The article presents the findings of a study, which examined the skin lesions in the tail of the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias L. In this study, the author found that the tumescent area of the tail of the adult dogfish was gray in color and occurred on both sides of the heterocercal caudal fin, covering the caudat extremity of the spinal column at the point where the column turned up into the dorsal lobe of the caudal fin. It was particularly well developed from the point of insertion of the caudal fin to the end of the anterior portion of the ventral lobe.
KW  - SPINY dogfish
KW  - SQUALIDAE
KW  - SKIN diseases
KW  - SKIN abnormalities
KW  - TAILS
KW  - VERTEBRAE
N1  - Accession Number: 15359435; Woodhead, Avril D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York, and Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Maine, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan1982, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p71; Subject Term: SPINY dogfish; Subject Term: SQUALIDAE; Subject Term: SKIN diseases; Subject Term: SKIN abnormalities; Subject Term: TAILS; Subject Term: VERTEBRAE; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, T. Wayne
T1  - Acute cytotoxicity of fossil‐energy‐related comparative research materials.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
Y1  - 1982/01/02/
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 167
SN  - 03601226
AB  - Aqueous extracts of five fossil‐energy‐related comparative research materials have been examined under acute static conditions for toxic effects by use of the Tetrahymena assay system. Cells were exposed to various concentrations of extracts, and cytolysis and population growth impairment were monitored. In addition, chemical class fractionation and major organic elemental analysis were performed. Synthetic fossil fuel materials are more toxic than conventional petroleum crude oils and coal‐derived materials are more toxic than crude shale oil. Synthetic fossil‐fuel‐related materials have a higher nitrogen and oxygen content and a greater aromaticity than do natural crude oils. Acute toxicity appears to be correlated with ether‐soluble acid (phenolic) content, mono‐ and diaromatic hydrocarbon content, and ether‐soluble base (primary aromatic amines and azaarenes) content. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75490473; Schultz, T. Wayne 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830; Source Info: Jan1982, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p153; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934528209375025
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, P.J.
AU  - Jones, T.D.
AU  - Griffin, G.D.
AU  - Dudney, C.S.
AU  - Calle, E.E.
AU  - Easterly, C.E.
T1  - Risk assessment approaches: General definitions, limitations, and research needs*.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
Y1  - 1982/01/04/
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 552
SN  - 03601226
AB  - Research needs in health effects assessment are discussed within the broad framework of a multidisciplinary approach. Approaches for comparing and analyzing data at all levels of biological organization are identified. These approaches should provide insights that will stimulate advances in the general art of risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75490504; Walsh, P.J. 1 Jones, T.D. 1 Griffin, G.D. 1 Dudney, C.S. 1 Calle, E.E. 1 Easterly, C.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Health Effects and Epidemiology Group Health Studies Section Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830; Source Info: Jan1982, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p541; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934528209375056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, R. B.
T1  - Estimating the carcinogenetic effects on humans of low doses of radiation or chemicals.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
Y1  - 1982/01/04/
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 599
EP  - 603
SN  - 03601226
AB  - Our knowledge of DNA repair is briefly summarized. It is proposed that a knowledge of the concentration of DNA adducts as a function of dose is essential for the extrapolation of carcinogenic dose‐response data to low doses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75490510; Setlow, R. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973; Source Info: Jan1982, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p599; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934528209375062
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Browman, M. G.
AU  - Maskarinec, M. P.
T1  - Environmental aspects of organics in selected coal conversion solid wastes.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
Y1  - 1982/01/05/
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 737
EP  - 766
SN  - 03601226
AB  - Ash, char, and/or slag materials from eight gasification processes representing a variety of feed coals and also temporarily stored solids from two liquefaction processes were examined for their content and aqueous leachability of organic compounds. The results showed the gasification wastes to De, in general, very low in methylene chloride‐extractable aromatic (0–6.3 μg/g) and aliphatic (0–70 μg/g) hydrocarbons, in sharp contrast with the significantly higher concentrations (75–760 and 260–1300 μg/g aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, respectively) observed in the liquefaction solids. The negligible aqueous leachability of organics from all samples, except for one liquefaction solid, indicated that leachates from these wastes should not contribute directly or significantly to the degradation of surface and ground water quality. Temporary storage of the one liquefaction solid showing leachable organics in a manner that would prevent leaching is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75490523; Browman, M. G. 1 Maskarinec, M. P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830  2: Analytical Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830; Source Info: Jan1982, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p737; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934528209375075
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fischer, Susan M.
AU  - Nelson, Karen D. G.
AU  - Reiners Jr., John J.
AU  - Viaje, Aurora
AU  - Pelling, Jill C.
AU  - Slaga, Thomas J.
T1  - Separation of epidermal cells by density centrifugation: a new technique for studies on normal and pathological differentiation.
JO  - Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
JF  - Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
Y1  - 1982/02//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 49
SN  - 03036987
AB  - Murine keratinocytes, isolated by flotation trypsinization of skin, can be separated into live groups by centrifugation through Percoll, a colloidal silica gradient. Within cacti group a good correlation was found between density, placing efficiency, morphological appearance, DNA synthesis, anti degree of keratinization /cornification. This method can be applied equally well to fetal, newborn, or adult keratinocytes and should be useful in a variety of studies including isolation of subpopulations of pathological cell types, work on chalones and hyperplastic diseases such as psoriasis, and in vitro transformation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cutaneous Pathology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KERATINOCYTES
KW  - SKIN
KW  - SILICA
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - DNA
KW  - PSORIASIS
N1  - Accession Number: 11853851; Fischer, Susan M. 1 Nelson, Karen D. G. 2 Reiners Jr., John J. 2 Viaje, Aurora 1 Pelling, Jill C. 2 Slaga, Thomas J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. U.S.A.  2: University of Tennessee Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences. Oak Ridge, Tennessee. U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb82, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: KERATINOCYTES; Subject Term: SKIN; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: PSORIASIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1600-0560.ep11853851
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hahn, Martin E.
AU  - Haber, Sonja B.
T1  - The Inheritance of Agonistic Behavior in Male Mice: A Diallel Analysis.
JO  - Aggressive Behavior
JF  - Aggressive Behavior
Y1  - 1982/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 38
PB  - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
SN  - 0096140X
AB  - The diallel cross genetic design was employed to determine the pattern of inheritance of male--male agonistic behavior in laboratory mice. The results indicated strong strain differences in agonistic behaviors and strain ranks that replicated previous findings. The genetic analysis showed the presence of additive and nondirectional dominance effects on the behaviors measured. This pattern has been characterized as indicating the action of stabilizing selection and indicates that the trait has not been under directional selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aggressive Behavior is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEREDITY
KW  - MICE as laboratory animals
KW  - AGONISTIC behavior in animals
KW  - DOMINANCE (Psychology)
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - ANIMAL behavior
KW  - aggression
KW  - agonistic behavior
KW  - diallel analysis
KW  - fitness
KW  - male mice
N1  - Accession Number: 12001394; Hahn, Martin E. 1 Haber, Sonja B. 1; Affiliation:  1: William Paterson College, Wayne, New Jersey (M.E.H.), Brookhaven National Laboratory (S.B. H.).; Source Info: 1982, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: HEREDITY; Subject Term: MICE as laboratory animals; Subject Term: AGONISTIC behavior in animals; Subject Term: DOMINANCE (Psychology); Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: ANIMAL behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: aggression; Author-Supplied Keyword: agonistic behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: diallel analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: fitness; Author-Supplied Keyword: male mice; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. M. Demontmollin
AU  - Anthony Fainberg
AU  - W.A. Higinbotham
AU  - E.V. Weinstock
T1  - On IAEA safeguards.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1982/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 41
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226550; J. M. Demontmollin 1 Anthony Fainberg 2 W.A. Higinbotham 2 E.V. Weinstock 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544.  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, New York 11719.; Source Info: Mar1982, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p39; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Banion, Kerry
T1  - What It Really Means to Push The Arms Race.
JO  - Nation
JF  - Nation
Y1  - 1982/03/27/
VL  - 234
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 366
EP  - 368
PB  - Nation Company, L. P.
SN  - 00278378
N1  - Accession Number: 11161743; O'Banion, Kerry 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 3/27/1982, Vol. 234 Issue 12, p366; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - O'Brien, John N.
T1  - Fuel without ideology.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1982/04//
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 51
EP  - 51
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226582; O'Brien, John N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Member, Technical Support Organization for Nuclear Safeguards, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: Apr1982, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p51; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Inhaber, Herbert
T1  - On Discussion of Risk of Energy Systems.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1982/06//
VL  - 72
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 613
EP  - 614
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Assessing Risks of Energy"
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 4949843; Inhaber, Herbert 1; Affiliation:  1: Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Source Info: Jun82, Vol. 72 Issue 6, p613; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klein-Szanto, A.J.P.
AU  - Sega, M.
AU  - Banoczy, J.
AU  - Albrecht, M.
T1  - Dark cells in human oral leukoplakias.
JO  - Journal of Oral Pathology
JF  - Journal of Oral Pathology
Y1  - 1982/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 228
EP  - 236
SN  - 03009777
AB  - Dark basal keratinocytes, characterized by a strong affinity for basic dyes and by electron density of cytoplasm and nucleus, could be recognized in eleven oral leukoplakias. The percentage of dark cells was higher in the group comprising leukoplakias verrucosa, and erosiva (28% of the basal cells) than in the leukoplakia simplex group (10%). The presence of these cells is a good indicator of the degree of histological dysplasia and correlates well with the preneoplastic potential of these lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Oral Pathology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KERATINOCYTES
KW  - ORAL leukoplakia
N1  - Accession Number: 11497395; Klein-Szanto, A.J.P. 1 Sega, M. 1 Banoczy, J. 2 Albrecht, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Clinic of Conservative Dentistry, Semmelweis Medical University, Hungary; Source Info: Jun82, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p228; Subject Term: KERATINOCYTES; Subject Term: ORAL leukoplakia; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1600-0714.ep11497395
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klein-Szanto, A. J. P.
AU  - Slaga, T. J.
T1  - Effects of Peroxides on Rodent Skin: Epidermal Hyperplasia and Tumor Promotion.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1982/07//
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 34
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Free radical generating peroxides are potent skin irritants. After a single topical application of either 10, 20, or 40 mg of lauroyl peroxide or benzoyl peroxide on the dorsal skin of Sencar mice, the epidermal thickness increased markedly. No major inflammatory or vascular alterations were noted. On the other hand, 15 or 30% hydrogen peroxide produced an extensive epidermolysis, as well as inflammation and vascular injury, followed by quick regeneration and epidermal hyperplasia. Both lauroyl peroxide- and benzoyl peroxide-induced hyperplasias were characterized by a sustained production of dark basal keratinocytes, which constituted approximately 10% of the basal cell population during the first week after single topical application. Hydrogen peroxide-induced epidermal hyperplasias also exhibited numerous dark cells, but their presence was less sustained. Although all these peroxides were inactive either as initiators or as complete carcinogens, lauroyl peroxide was as effective as benzoyl peroxide when used as a skin tumor promoter in a two-stage carcinogenesis protocol. In a similar experimental protocol, hydrogen peroxide proved to be a very weak skin tumor promoter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPIDERMIS -- Diseases
KW  - HYPERPLASIA
KW  - PEROXIDES
KW  - RODENTS
KW  - COCARCINOGENESIS
KW  - KERATINOCYTES
KW  - INFLAMMATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12510444; Klein-Szanto, A. J. P. 1 Slaga, T. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul82, Vol. 79 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: EPIDERMIS -- Diseases; Subject Term: HYPERPLASIA; Subject Term: PEROXIDES; Subject Term: RODENTS; Subject Term: COCARCINOGENESIS; Subject Term: KERATINOCYTES; Subject Term: INFLAMMATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12510444
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kroodsma, Roger L.
T1  - EDGE EFFECT ON BREEDING FOREST BIRDS ALONG A POWER-LINE CORRIDOR.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
Y1  - 1982/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 370
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218901
AB  - Territories of breeding forest birds in a rectangular, 21.4-ha forest plot adjacent to 800 m of a power-line corridor in East Tennessee were mapped in 1975, 1977, and 1979. Trends in density from the corridor edge to 268 m into the forest were examined for the bird community as a whole and for edge, deep forest, and unaffected, species. Analysis of computer-generated, randomly distributed ‘species’ indicated that most trends observed in individual bird species were real. Apparently due to a tendency for some birds to establish territories in a row along the straight corridor edge, peaks in total density occurred at the edge and again in deeper forest. In each year, total density was higher at some distance into the forest than at or near the edge. The contribution of five edge species to bird density on the plot as a whole was negated by lower densities of nine deep forest species in areas near the edge. Considered as a group, thirteen forest species that individually appeared unaffected by the corridor showed a significant decrease in density with increasing distance from the corridor edge: this may have been caused by higher bird density in a small amount of mixed forest habitat near the corridor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIRD breeding
KW  - FOREST animals
KW  - ANIMAL species
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - HABITAT (Ecology)
KW  - ECOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12499448; Kroodsma, Roger L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug82, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p361; Subject Term: BIRD breeding; Subject Term: FOREST animals; Subject Term: ANIMAL species; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: HABITAT (Ecology); Subject Term: ECOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldhaber, Maurice
T1  - With Chadwick at the Cavendish.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1982/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 13
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24226111; Goldhaber, Maurice 1; Affiliation:  1: AUI Distinguished Scientist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: Dec1982, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p12; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davidson, Kowetha A.
AU  - Slaga, Thomas J.
T1  - Effects of Phorbol Ester Tumor Promoters and Hyperplasiogenic Agents on Cytoplasmic Glucocorticoid Receptors in Epidermis.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1982/12//
VL  - 79
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 378
EP  - 382
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Glucocorticoids (anti-inflammatory steroids) are very potent inhibitors of mouse skin tumor promotion induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). This report describes a high-affinity, limited-capacity binding component which specifically interacts with glucocorticoids and which is identified as a glucocorticoid (GC) receptor present in the cytosol of adult mouse epidermis. Also described is the effect of a single application of TPA and other hyperplasiogenic agents on the level of epidermal cytosol GC receptor. After treatment with acetone the epidermal GC receptor level was 0.38 pmol/mg cytosol protein, whereas after application of TPA (4 μg) there was a time-dependent transient decrease in the level of GC receptor (39% of control 24 hr after TPA) followed by an increase (55% and 66% of control 48 and 72 hr, respectively, after TPA). Hyperplasiogenic agents such as mezerein and ethylphenylpropiolate were also effective in causing a reduction in the level of epidermal cytosol GC receptor level, but weak tumor promoters such as phorbol dibenzoate and 4-O-methyl TPA were less effective than TPA, Therefore, there is a good correlation among agents which induce epidermal hyperplasia and agents which cause a reduction in epidermal cytosol GC receptor levels. The functional significance of the decrease in receptor level is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHORBOL esters
KW  - SKIN -- Cancer
KW  - GLUCOCORTICOIDS
KW  - COCARCINOGENS
KW  - HYPERPLASIA
KW  - GLUCOCORTICOIDS -- Receptors
KW  - CYTOPLASM
KW  - THERAPEUTIC use
N1  - Accession Number: 12529883; Davidson, Kowetha A. 1 Slaga, Thomas J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec82, Vol. 79 Issue 6, p378; Subject Term: PHORBOL esters; Subject Term: SKIN -- Cancer; Subject Term: GLUCOCORTICOIDS; Subject Term: COCARCINOGENS; Subject Term: HYPERPLASIA; Subject Term: GLUCOCORTICOIDS -- Receptors; Subject Term: CYTOPLASM; Subject Term: THERAPEUTIC use; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12529883
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barkenbus, B. D.
AU  - Griest, W. H.
AU  - Huntzicker, J. J.
AU  - Heyerdahl, E. K.
AU  - MacDougall, C. S.
T1  - Recovery of organic carbon from atmospheric particulate matter using soxhlet extraction with the benzene/methanol azeotrope*.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
Y1  - 1983/01/02/
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 310
SN  - 03601226
AB  - The extraction efficiency of the benzene/methanol azeotrope for organic carbon in atmospheric particulate matter was determined using a carbon types analyzer and also radio‐labeled tracers and liquid scintillation spectroscopy. A twenty‐four hour Soxhlet extraction with the azeotrope extracts 76 percent of the organic carbon, 15 percent of the elemental carbon, and 61 percent of the total carbon. Nonpolar and moderately polar organic compounds such as dotriacontane, benzo(a)pyrene, and stearic acid are extracted with 95 percent recovery. Highly polar oxygenated species such as succinic acid are extracted with an efficiency of 82 percent. The Soxhlet extractor was more efficient than ultrasonication for the extraction of highly polar species. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75490539; Barkenbus, B. D. 1 Griest, W. H. 1 Huntzicker, J. J. 2 Heyerdahl, E. K. 2 MacDougall, C. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Analytical Chemistry Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830  2: Department of Environmental Science, Oregon Graduate Center, 19600 N.W. Walker Road, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006; Source Info: Jan1983, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p297; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934528309375105
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seastedt, T. R.
AU  - Crossley Jr., D. A.
AU  - Meentemeyer, V.
AU  - Waide, J. B.
T1  - A two-year study of leaf litter decomposition as related to macroclimatic factors and microarthropod abundance in the southern Appalachians.
JO  - Holarctic Ecology
JF  - Holarctic Ecology
Y1  - 1983/02//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 16
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01059327
AB  - Chestnut oak <em>Quercus prinus</em> L. litter in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the United States decomposes slowly during winter and more rapidly in other seasons. This pattern differed from other studies of litter decomposition in more northern environments where decomposition rates were relatively constant throughout the year or more rapid beneath a winter snow cover. The pattern observed can be approximated by using monthly actual evapotranspiration estimates as a correction factor for the decomposition constant, k, in the commonly-used negative exponential decomposition model. Mean microarthropod densities increased from a seasonally weighted estimate of 18.2 ind, g-1 litter during the first year of decomposition to 73.6 ind. g-1 litter during the second year. In spite of this increase, no difference in the rate of weight loss of the litter was observed between the first and second year of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Holarctic Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUERCUS prinus
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
KW  - WATER supply
KW  - APPALACHIAN Mountains
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 18540667; Seastedt, T. R. 1 Crossley Jr., D. A. 2 Meentemeyer, V. 3 Waide, J. B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biology, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA  2: Dept of Entomology, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA  3: Dept of Geography, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA  4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: Feb1983, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: QUERCUS prinus; Subject Term: BIODEGRADATION; Subject Term: EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; Subject Term: WATER supply; Subject Term: APPALACHIAN Mountains; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
T1  - Mechanisms for Geographical Transmission of Economic Fluctuations.
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 1983/03//
VL  - 73
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 50
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - Geographers have made considerable descriptive progress in studies of business cycles, but the ways in which economic impulses are transmitted, known as ‘the transmission mechanism,’ remain inadequately analyzed. After reviewing several transmission mechanisms proposed in previous studies, the paper suggests that interregional commodity trade, with limited mobility of factors of production such as labor, is an obvious candidate for transmitting economic fluctuations among regions. Three models are constructed to analyze transmission mechanisms involved in interregional commodity trade in a monetary setting. Increases in wages or unemployment in one region could induce increases or decreases in wages or unemployment in another region. The directions of transmitted changes depend crucially on the cause of the change and the economic structures of the regions involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of the Association of American Geographers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUSINESS cycles
KW  - ECONOMIC history
KW  - UNEMPLOYMENT
KW  - ECONOMIC structure
KW  - URBAN growth
KW  - EMIGRATION & immigration
KW  - HUMAN geography
N1  - Accession Number: 12978682; Jones, Donald W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Source Info: Mar1983, Vol. 73 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: BUSINESS cycles; Subject Term: ECONOMIC history; Subject Term: UNEMPLOYMENT; Subject Term: ECONOMIC structure; Subject Term: URBAN growth; Subject Term: EMIGRATION & immigration; Subject Term: HUMAN geography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237210 Land Subdivision; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ley, Ronald D.
AU  - Peak, Meyrick J.
AU  - Lyon, Loretta L.
T1  - Induction of Pyrimidine Dimers in Epidermal DNA of Hairless Mice by UVB: An Action Spectrum.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1983/03//
VL  - 80
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
EP  - 191
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - An action spectrum for the induction of pyrimidine dimers in the epidermis of hairless mice was determined between 288 and 307 nm. The presence of pyrimidine dimers in tritium-labeled DNA extracted from exposed SKH:hairless-1 mouse skin was determined using dimer-specific nucleases from <em>Micrococcus luteus</em> in conjunction with sedimentation of the irradiated DNA in alkaline sucrose gradients. The rate of induction of pyrimidine dimers was maximal at 293 nm. These values were used to propose a UVB transmission curve for mouse epidermis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYRIMIDINES
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - MICROCOCCUS luteus
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - NUCLEASES
N1  - Accession Number: 12534010; Ley, Ronald D. 1 Peak, Meyrick J. 2 Lyon, Loretta L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.  2: Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A.  3: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Source Info: Mar1983, Vol. 80 Issue 3, p188; Subject Term: PYRIMIDINES; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: MICROCOCCUS luteus; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: NUCLEASES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12534010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenbaion, E.
AU  - Romus, J.
T1  - SURVEY OF SELECTED SEAWEEDS FOR SIMULTANEOUS PHOTOPRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1983/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 57
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Ten seaweed species were surveyed for simultaneous phatoevolution of hydrogen and oxygen. In an attempt to induce hydrogenase activity (as measured by hydrogen photoproduction) the seaweeds were maintained under anaerobiosis in CO[SUB2] free seawater for varying lengths of time. Although oxygen evolution was observed in every alga studied, hydrogen evolution was not observed. Our conclusion of this research is that, in contrast to the microscopic algae, there is not a single example of a macroscopic alga for which the photoevolution of hydrogen has been observed, in spite of the fact that there are now at least nine macroscopic algal species known for which hydrogenase activity has been reported (either by dark hydrogen evolution or light-activated hydrogen uptake). These results are in conflict with the conventional view that algal hydrogenase can catalyze a multiplicity of reactions, one of which is the photoproduction of molecular hydrogen. Two possible explanations for the lack of hydrogen photoproduction in macroscopic algae are presented. It is postulated that electron acceptors other than carbon dioxide can take up reducing equivalents from Photosystem 1 to the measurable exclusion of hydrogen photoproduction. Alternatively, the hydrogen-uptake system with respect to light-activated reactions. A simple kinetic argument based on recent measurements of the photosynthetic turnover times of simultaneous light-activated hydrogen and oxygen production is presented that supports the second explanation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENASE
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ANAEROBIOSIS
KW  - ALGAE
KW  - hydrogen photoproduction
KW  - hydrogen uptake
KW  - Hydrogenase
N1  - Accession Number: 11542100; Greenbaion, E. 1 Romus, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.  2: Duke University, Marine Laboratory and Botany Department Beautott, North Carolina 28516.; Source Info: Mar1983, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: HYDROGENASE; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ANAEROBIOSIS; Subject Term: ALGAE; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen photoproduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen uptake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenase; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112519 Other Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11542100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Patti, Mitchell J.
AU  - Cunningham, Elizabeth A.
T1  - PRODUCTIVITY OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1983/03//
VL  - 93
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 388
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Two experiments were performed during the summer of 1981 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields of soybeans grown using standard agronomic practices. In one experiment, plants were shielded from all ambient rainfall and exposed to simulated rainfall in quantities equal to the average amount of rainfall that occurs at the site. Seed yields of soybeans exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 10.7, 16.8 and 22.9% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 3-6. A treatment-response function of seed yield <em>vs</em> rainfall pH was <em>y</em> = 7.40 + 1.025<em>x</em> and had a correlation coefficient of 0.997 (<em>y</em> is seed mass per plant and <em>x</em> is the pH of the simulated rain). in a second experiment, soybean plants were not shielded from ambient rainfall (weighted mean hydrogen ion concentration equal to pH 4.04) and received only small volumes of simulated rainfall three times weekly. Plants exposed to simulated rainfall of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 exhibited yield reductions of 2.7, 7.0 and 7.6%, respectively, below yields of plants exposed to simulated rainfall of pH 5.6. By best fit analyses, the equation describing this relationship is expressed by <em>y</em> = 9.68+0.318<em>x</em>, and the correlation coefficient is 0-97. In both experiments, the observed decrease in seed yields was due to a decrease in number of pods per plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - FORAGE plants
KW  - LEAVES -- Anatomy
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12572572; Evans, Lance S. 1,2 Lewin, Keith F. 1 Patti, Mitchell J. 2 Cunningham, Elizabeth A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.  2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, NV 16472.; Source Info: Mar1983, Vol. 93 Issue 3, p377; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: FORAGE plants; Subject Term: LEAVES -- Anatomy; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiou, W. A.
AU  - Shephard, L. E.
AU  - Bryant, W. R.
AU  - Looney III, M. P.
T1  - A technique for preparing high water content clayey sediments for thin and ultrathin section study.
JO  - Sedimentology
JF  - Sedimentology
Y1  - 1983/04//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
EP  - 299
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00370746
AB  - The study of sediment microfabric is fundamental to the understanding of various sediment properties including shear strength, compressibility, and permeability, evaluating depositional environments and investigating clay diagenesis. A technique is presented which preserves the particle integrity of fine-grained sediments while permitting examination of the same sample using light and electron microscopy techniques. The technique involves drying the sediment sample using a critical point drying apparatus and then impregnating it using low viscosity SPURR epoxy. Standard thin sectioning techniques are used for light microscopy, whereas ultrathin sections are made using a microtome for transmission electron microscopy work. Scanning electron microscopy investigations are performed on samples prior to impregnating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CLAY
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - DIAGENESIS
KW  - SEDIMENTOLOGY
KW  - PETROLOGY
KW  - PHYSICAL geology
N1  - Accession Number: 12661790; Chiou, W. A. 1,2 Shephard, L. E. 1,3 Bryant, W. R. 1 Looney III, M. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, U.S.A.  2: Reservoirs, Inc., 1151-C Brittmore Road, Houston, Texas 77043  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Division 9734, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr83, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p295; Subject Term: CLAY; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: DIAGENESIS; Subject Term: SEDIMENTOLOGY; Subject Term: PETROLOGY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL geology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212324 Kaolin and Ball Clay Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luscieti, P.
AU  - Graff, P.
AU  - Luethi, M.
AU  - Cottier, H.
AU  - Hess, M. W.
AU  - Kraft, R.
AU  - Stoner, R. D.
T1  - Distinct kinetic responses <em>in vivo</em> of cortical thymocytes of ageing mice to primary as compared to secondary peripheral antigenic stimulation.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1983/05//
VL  - 52
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
EP  - 462
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00099104
AB  - We have studied cellular kinetic changes in the thymic cortex of ageing mice as a function of time after primary and secondary stimulation with aluminum phosphate adsorbed tetanus toxoid via the hind leg footpads. Absolute numbers of DNA synthesizing cortical thymocytes per cross-section of the thymus were computed from combined data obtained by planimetry, counts of cell density (cellularity) and assessment of the labelling index, I h after injection of (methyl--³H)-thymidine. The proliferative activity of these cells in the outer fourth of the thymic cortex reached a peak exceeding significantly control values by 45%, 14 days after primary, but not secondary, peripheral antigenic stimulation. We conclude that the cortical thymocyte population responded in a distinct manner to the first immunization as opposed to the booster injection of the same antigen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
KW  - ANAEROBIC infections
KW  - AGING
KW  - TETANUS
KW  - THYMIDINE
KW  - THYMINE
N1  - Accession Number: 15938464; Luscieti, P. 1 Graff, P. 1 Luethi, M. 1 Cottier, H. 1 Hess, M. W. 1 Kraft, R. 1 Stoner, R. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.; Source Info: May1983, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p455; Subject Term: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; Subject Term: ANAEROBIC infections; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: TETANUS; Subject Term: THYMIDINE; Subject Term: THYMINE; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hooker, J. N.
AU  - Rose, A. B.
AU  - Roberts, G. F.
T1  - Optimal Control of Automobiles for Fuel Economy.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1983/05//
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 146
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - This paper describes an application of dynamic programming to determining optimal driver control of an automobile for fuel economy. The objective function is provided by a simulator that uses vehicle performance maps derived from statistical analysis of road data collected by the authors. One dynamic program controls acceleration as a function of time subject to constraints on speed, acceleration, and distance covered. Another controls acceleration and gearshift subject to constraints on speed, acceleration, and time required to shift gears. Results are presented for acceleration to a given cruising speed, driving over hills while achieving a given average speed, and driving from one stop sign to another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMIC programming
KW  - AUTOMOBILES
KW  - AUTOMOTIVE fuel consumption
KW  - INTEGER programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - CONSTRAINT programming (Computer science)
N1  - Accession Number: 4476467; Hooker, J. N. 1 Rose, A. B. 1 Roberts, G. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Source Info: May83, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p146; Subject Term: DYNAMIC programming; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILES; Subject Term: AUTOMOTIVE fuel consumption; Subject Term: INTEGER programming; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Subject Term: CONSTRAINT programming (Computer science); NAICS/Industry Codes: 441110 New Car Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415110 New and used automobile and light-duty truck merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336111 Automobile Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336110 Automobile and light-duty motor vehicle manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811121 Automotive Body, Paint, and Interior Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811198 All Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barancik, Jerome I.
AU  - Chatterjee, Barbara F.
AU  - Greene, Yvonne C.
AU  - Michenzi, Elena M.
AU  - Fife, Daniel
T1  - Northeastern Ohio Trauma Study: I. Magnitude of the Problem.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1983/07//
VL  - 73
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 746
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - [Due to printer error a section of this article is missing.  EBSCO is reproducing the article exactly as it appears in the magazine.] This study measured the incidence of cause specific trauma in the Cleveland and Lorain-Elyria Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs), population 2.2 million, as reported to hospital emergency departments (ED). Cases were selected according to a stratified probability sampling plan (N = 9268.) The participating hospitals accounted for 97.6 per cent of 903,346 ED visits in 1977; 52 per cent of these visits were for trauma, (ICDA-8) E800-E999). The trauma incidence rate was 197 per 1,000 population. The six leading causes of injury were: falls, 24.4 per cent; cut/piercing injury, 14.2 per cent; striking or struck by object, 13.8 per cent; motor vehicle collisions (MVC), 11.6 per cent; overexertion/ strain, 82 per cent; and assault, 4.3 per cent. Only falls, MVCs, and assaults were leading causes of both injury and death. The injury incidence rates for vehicular crashes and assault were 1.4 and 3.8 times higher, respectively, than the official incidence rates for these SMSAs. These differences point to a significant underreporting of data needed for public health decision making. Because data were not collected on cases treated outside the participating hospitals, the incidence rates reported here represent at conservative estimate of the magnitude of the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRAUMA centers
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - TRAFFIC safety
KW  - MEDICAL emergencies
KW  - EMERGENCY medical services
KW  - HOSPITAL emergency services
KW  - TRAUMATOLOGY
KW  - DECISION theory
KW  - METROPOLITAN areas
N1  - Accession Number: 4948469; Barancik, Jerome I. 1 Chatterjee, Barbara F. 2 Greene, Yvonne C. 3 Michenzi, Elena M. 4 Fife, Daniel 5; Affiliation:  1: Biomedical and Environmental Assessment Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio  3: Whittaker Corporation, Washington, DC  4: G and M Health Care Business Systems, Cleveland, OH  5: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Washington; Source Info: Jul1983, Vol. 73 Issue 7, p746; Subject Term: TRAUMA centers; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: TRAFFIC safety; Subject Term: MEDICAL emergencies; Subject Term: EMERGENCY medical services; Subject Term: HOSPITAL emergency services; Subject Term: TRAUMATOLOGY; Subject Term: DECISION theory; Subject Term: METROPOLITAN areas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913130 Municipal police services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621493 Freestanding Ambulatory Surgical and Emergency Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621110 Offices of physicians; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621499 All other out-patient care centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 1 Graph, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peak, Meyrick J.
AU  - Peak, Jennifer G.
T1  - Use of action spectra for identifying molecular targets and mechanisms of action of solar ultraviolet light.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1983/07//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 372
SN  - 00319317
AB  - The use of action spectra in the elucidation of the mechanisms of biological action of solar ultraviolet radiation that reaches the surface of the earth is reviewed, and precautions in the preparation and interpretation of such action spectra are discussed. Original experiments are also described which show correlations between lethality and DNA breakage caused by monochromatic solar ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths in <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, which may constitute evidence for an important biological role of DNA breaks leading to lethality in these microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - DNA
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>
KW  - <em>Escherichia coli</em>
KW  - DNA backbone breaks
KW  - lethal effects.
N1  - Accession Number: 13021382; Peak, Meyrick J. 1 Peak, Jennifer G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Photobiology Group, Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.; Source Info: Jul83, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p367; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Escherichia coli</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA backbone breaks; Author-Supplied Keyword: lethal effects.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13021382
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greb, G. Allen
AU  - Heckrotte, Warren
T1  - The long history: the test ban debate.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1983/08//Aug/Sep1983
VL  - 39
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
EP  - 42
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
N1  - Accession Number: 24225963; Greb, G. Allen 1 Heckrotte, Warren 2; Affiliation:  1: Research historian, Program in Science, Technology and Public Affairs, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.  2: Physicist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Aug/Sep1983, Vol. 39 Issue 7, p36; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R. M.
AU  - Moorman, T. B.
AU  - Schmidt, S. K.
T1  - INTERSPECIFIC PLANT ASSOCIATION EFFECTS ON VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA OCCURENCE IN ATRIPLEX CONFERTIFOLIA.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1983/10//
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
EP  - 246
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Earlier studies with the shrub A triplex confertifolia (Chenopodiaceae) suggested that the occurrence of mycotrophy was related to the community from which root samples were obtained; plants in disturbed areas were non-mycotrophic, while those growing in native areas possessed infection. Upon closer examination when neighbouring plants were studied, the level of mycorrhizal infection of A triplex confertifolia was found to be related to its interspecific plant associations. When A triplex confertifolia occurred solitarily, or in the presence of non-mycorrhizal A. gardneri, it was non-mycotrophic. However, when occurring near grasses or Artemisia spinescens, it possessed mycorrhiza infection. What appeared to be a community effect for the occurrence of mycorrhiza is nothing more than an association effect in which level of infection is related to the degree of mycorrhizal host plant cover. In disturbed communities little chance occurs for encountering a neighbouring mycorrhizal plant, while native plant communities are composed primarily of mycorrhizal counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MYCOTROPHY
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - MYCORRHIZAS
KW  - SHRUBS
KW  - HOST plants
KW  - GRASSES
N1  - Accession Number: 12117127; Miller, R. M. 1 Moorman, T. B. 1 Schmidt, S. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Land Reclamation Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct83, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p241; Subject Term: MYCOTROPHY; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Subject Term: MYCORRHIZAS; Subject Term: SHRUBS; Subject Term: HOST plants; Subject Term: GRASSES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111940 Hay Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111421 Nursery and Tree Production; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Luxmoore, R. J.
T1  - GROWTH ANALYSIS OF SOYBEAN EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACID RAIN AND GASEOUS AIR POLLUTANTS.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1983/10//
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 287
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Greenhouse-grown soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Davis] were exposed to simulated acid rain (pH 2.6 to 5.6) and gaseous air pollutants (SO[SUB2] + O[SUB3]) to determine how effects on short-term physiological processes are integrated into whole-plant response. Injury to expanding leaves, characterized by marginal necrosis and leaf deformation, was induced by twice-weekly exposure to simulated rain of pH 2.6 and to a lesser extent pH 3.4. Growth inhibition resulted only from exposure to rain of pH 2.6, and there were no significant pH × air pollution interactions. Growth analysis from periodic harvests indicated that inhibitory effects of rain of pH 2.6 were mediated through a reduction in leaf area ratio (LAR). The alteration in LAR was not attributable to reduced allocation of dry matter to leaves but to lower specific leaf area caused by leaf deformation. There were no effects of rain pH on unit leaf rate. A second experiment confirmed the lack of growth inhibition from simulated rain with pH> 34. Cumulative water use, a measure that integrated aspects of root size, leaf area, and physiology, was remarkably similar in plants exposed to pH 3.4, 4.2, or 5.6 simulated rain. These experiments suggest that vegetative growth of soybeans may be adversely affected by acid rain if pH is low enough to cause physical injury to leaves and loss of photosynthetic area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - GREENHOUSE plants
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - NECROSIS
KW  - AIR pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 12117159; Norby, R. J. 1 Luxmoore, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA; Source Info: Oct83, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p277; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE plants; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: NECROSIS; Subject Term: AIR pollution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323116 Manifold business forms printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raziuddin, Syed
AU  - Siegelman, Harold W.
AU  - Tornabene, Thomas G.
T1  - Lipopolysaccharides of the cyanobacterium <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em>.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1983/12//12/1/83
VL  - 137
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 336
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of two isolates of Microcystis aeruginosa were extracted with phenol/water and purified, Cesium chloride gradient ultracentrifugation of these preparations yielded only one fraction. The LPS contained significant amounts of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, glucose, 3-deoxy sugars, glucosamine, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, hexoses, and phosphate. Heptose, a characteristic sugar component of the polysaccharide moiety of LPS of most gram-negative bacteria was absent. Lipopolysaccharides and lipid A hydrolysate of LPS preparations were active in mouse lethality and Limulus lysate gelation. The lipid A moiety was slightly less active in toxicity and Limulus lysate gelation assays than the intact LPS. The LPS and lipid A moiety of the two isolates of M. aeruginosa were less active in toxicity in mice and Limulus test than LPS of Salmonella abortus equi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MICROCYSTIS aeruginosa
KW  - ULTRACENTRIFUGATION
KW  - CHROOCOCCACEAE
KW  - CARBOXYLIC acids
KW  - COAGULATION
KW  - MICROCYSTIS
KW  - LIMULIDAE
KW  - LIMULUS test
N1  - Accession Number: 13869089; Raziuddin, Syed 1 Siegelman, Harold W. 1 Tornabene, Thomas G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta; and Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Source Info: 12/1/83, Vol. 137 Issue 1/2, p333; Subject Term: MICROCYSTIS aeruginosa; Subject Term: ULTRACENTRIFUGATION; Subject Term: CHROOCOCCACEAE; Subject Term: CARBOXYLIC acids; Subject Term: COAGULATION; Subject Term: MICROCYSTIS; Subject Term: LIMULIDAE; Subject Term: LIMULUS test; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Narayan, J.
AU  - White, C. W.
T1  - Pulsed laser melting of amorphous silicon layers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 37
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have investigated microstructural changes in self-implanted and arsenic-ion-implanted amorphous silicon layers as a function of energy density after pulsed ruby laser irradiation, using cross-section transmission electron microscopy and Rutherford backscattering. In specimens irradiated with energy densities less than that required to cause complete annealing, we have identified two distinct regions; the first one consisting of fine polycrystals and the second one consisting of large polycrystals. The changes in thickness of these two regions as a function of pulse energy density are described. Concomitant changes in arsenic concentration profiles are consistent with diffusion in liquid silicon. From the profile broadening in the large polycrystalline region, the crystal growth velocity was estimated to be 4-6 ms-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - AMORPHOUS silicon -- Spectra
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 71379788; Narayan, J. 1 White, C. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS silicon -- Spectra; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94594
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho, Pauline
AU  - Breiland, William G.
T1  - Observation of Si2 in a chemical vapor deposition reactor by laser excited fluorescence.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 53
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - For the first time an intermediate chemical species, Si2, has been observed in the gas phase during the chemical vapor deposition of silicon from silane. This observation is inconsistent with previous theoretical models for silicon deposition, which assume that either thermodynamic equilibrium or surface kinetics determines the silicon deposition rate. It is consistent with the predictions of a new model for chemical vapor deposition by Coltrin et al., in which gas phase chemical kinetics play an important role in the deposition mechanism. The Si2 molecule could be a precursor to the nucleation of silicon particulates in the gas phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SILANE
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 71379781; Ho, Pauline 1 Breiland, William G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Division 1126, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 1, p51; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SILANE; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94548
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lenahan, P. M.
AU  - Dressendorfer, P. V.
T1  - Paramagnetic trivalent silicon centers in gamma irradiated metal-oxide-silicon structures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 96
EP  - 98
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We find that two paramagnetic ''trivalent silicon'' centers appear to be primarily responsible for radiation damage in metal-oxide-silicon structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - SILICON
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 71379763; Lenahan, P. M. 1 Dressendorfer, P. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 1, p96; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94566
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pronko, P. P.
AU  - Bhattacharya, R. S.
AU  - Holland, O. W.
AU  - Appleton, B. R.
T1  - Comment on ''Lattice location of chromium in semi-insulating GaAs by ion channeling techniques'' [Appl. Phys. Lett. 42, 599 (1983)].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 150
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A comment on lattice location of chromium by ion channeling and detection of x-ray signals of Cr-Kα excited by 1-MeV H+ from a Cr-doped GaAs is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - DOPING agents (Chemistry)
KW  - CHANNELING (Physics)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - PROTON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 71379797; Pronko, P. P. 1 Bhattacharya, R. S. 1 Holland, O. W. 1 Appleton, B. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 1, p150; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: DOPING agents (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHANNELING (Physics); Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: PROTON beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94585
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnthouse, L. W.
AU  - Boreman, J.
AU  - Christensen, S. W.
AU  - Goodyear, C. P.
AU  - Van Winkle, W.
AU  - Vaughan, D. S.
T1  - Population Biology in the Courtroom: The Hudson River Controversy.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
EP  - 19
SN  - 00063568
AB  - In support of more than a decade of litigation, scientists devoted unprecedented effort to modeling the impact of electric power generation on the Hudson River striped bass population. The most sophisticated models failed to provide useful long-term impact predictions. However, simpler models, used to evaluate alternatives for mitigation, were instrumental in arranging a negotiated settlement. (Accepted for publication 12 May 1983) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
KW  - STRIPED bass
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - BASSES (Fish)
KW  - RIVERS
KW  - HUDSON River (N.Y. & N.J.)
N1  - Accession Number: 10128856; Barnthouse, L. W. 1 Boreman, J. 2 Christensen, S. W. 1 Goodyear, C. P. 3 Van Winkle, W. 1 Vaughan, D. S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830  2: Northeast Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Woods Hole, MA 02543  3: National Fisheries Center-Leetown, Kearneysville, WV 25430  4: Southeast Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Beaufort, NC 28516; Source Info: Jan1984, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p14; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Subject Term: STRIPED bass; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production; Subject Term: BASSES (Fish); Subject Term: RIVERS; Subject Term: HUDSON River (N.Y. & N.J.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114111 Finfish Fishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5420
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newbold, J. D.
AU  - Elwood, J. W.
AU  - O'Neill, R. V.
AU  - Sheldon, A. L.
T1  - Phosphorus Dynamics in a Woodland Stream Ecosystem.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 44
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Discusses phosphorus dynamics in a woodland stream ecosystem.  Definition of the spiraling concept; Adaptation of the spiraling concept as a tool for describing and analyzing phosphorus dynamics in a 120-m reach of Walker Branch in Tennessee; Significance of spiraling length.
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - RIVERS
KW  - PHOSPHORUS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 10131657; Newbold, J. D. 1 Elwood, J. W. 2 O'Neill, R. V. 2 Sheldon, A. L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Stroud Water Research Center, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, R.D. 1, Box 512. Avondale, PA 19311  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830  3: Department of Zoology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59801; Source Info: Jan1984, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: RIVERS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1180
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ciarrocchi, Giovanni
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - Circular DNA Unwound by Photoproducts other than Pyrimidine Dimers.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
EP  - 46
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Discusses circular DNA unwound by photoproducts other than pyrimidine dimers.  UV radiation's production of mutagenic lesions caused by solar radiation in prokaryotes; Altered tertiary structure of modified DNA; Alteration of the electrophoretic pattern of DNA.
KW  - CIRCULAR DNA
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - PYRIMIDINES
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 10132050; Ciarrocchi, Giovanni 1 Sutherland, Betsy M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Istituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionistica del C.N.R., Pavia. Italy 27100  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton. NY 11973; Source Info: Jan1984, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: CIRCULAR DNA; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: PYRIMIDINES; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 786
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SIMMONS, GUSTAVUS J.
T1  - Factoring.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/01/06/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4631
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84692024; SIMMONS, GUSTAVUS J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Mathematics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1/ 6/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4631, p8; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HEISIG, VOLKER
AU  - JEFFREY, ALAN M.
AU  - MCGLADE, MICHAEL J.
AU  - SMALL, GERALD J.
T1  - Fluorescence-Line-Narrowed Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Carcinogen-DNA Adducts.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/01/20/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4633
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 291
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The laser excitedfluorescence-line-narrowed spectrum of DNA modified with (±)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), the ultimate carcinogenic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene (BP), has been obtained in a water-glycerol-ethanol glass at 4.2 K. The spectrum was well resolved and highly characteristic of the chromophore. Comparisons were made between the spectrum of this modified DNA and the isolated deoxyguanosine-BPDE adduct and a series of other 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-BP (THBP) derivatives. 9-Hydroxy-BP 4,5-oxide, which is also involved in the binding of BP to DNA, and THBP have very similar conventional broadband fluorescence spectra. However, the fluorescence-line-narrowed spectra of their derivatives were readily distinguishable either as individual components or as mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84672078; HEISIG, VOLKER 1 JEFFREY, ALAN M. 1 MCGLADE, MICHAEL J. 2 SMALL, GERALD J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Cancer CenterlInstitute for Cancer Research, Division of Environmental Science, and Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York 10032  2: Ames Laboratory, Department of Energy, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames 50011; Source Info: 1/20/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4633, p289; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, R. B.
AU  - Smith, J. F.
AU  - Lee, S. S.
T1  - Microstructure-independent acoustoelastic measurement of stress.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/02//
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
EP  - 298
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Measurements are reported of the velocities of horizontally polarized shear waves (fundamental mode) propagating in the plane of aluminum plates under tensile loads applied parallel to the rolling direction. In agreement with the predictions of previous theories, the applied stress is found to be predicted by the expression 2C(ΔV/V), where C is the appropriate second-order shear elastic constant and ΔV/V is the fractional difference in velocities of waves propagating parallel and perpendicular to the load. The data show that, whereas the individual velocities are strongly influenced by microstructure, the stress prediction based on their difference is not. Included are results illustrating the effects of preferred grain orientation and plastic deformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR waves
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ALUMINUM plates
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
N1  - Accession Number: 71379992; Thompson, R. B. 1 Smith, J. F. 1 Lee, S. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 3, p296; Subject Term: SHEAR waves; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ALUMINUM plates; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94730
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiue, Chyng-Yann
AU  - Arnett, Carroll
AU  - Wolf, Alfred
T1  - Synthesis and biodistribution of 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro- d-glucopyranosyl [F]fluoride in mice.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1984/02//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 80
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71142734; Shiue, Chyng-Yann 1 Arnett, Carroll 1 Wolf, Alfred 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Source Info: Feb1984, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p77; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00254441
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, L. S.
AU  - Lewin, K. F.
AU  - Patti, M. J.
T1  - EFFECTS OF SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN ON YIELDS OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1984/02//
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 213
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - An experiment was performed during the summer of 1982 to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain on seed yields on two commercial cultivars of soybeans grown according to standard agronomic practices. Plants were shielded from all ambient rainfalls automatically by two moveable exclusion covers and exposed to simulated rainfalls in quantities equal to the average amount of rainfall that occurs at the site. Seed yields cv. Amsoy exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4·1, 3·3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 3.0, 9.0. and 12.8% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH St. A treatment-response function of seed yield <em>vs</em> rainfall pH for Amsoy was <em>y</em> = 10·20 + 0·587 <em>x</em> and had a correlation coefficient of 0·96 (<em>y</em> is seed mass per plant and <em>x</em> is the pH of the simulated rain). For cv. Williams, seed vidds of plants exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 5·6, 4·1, 3·3 and 2·7 were 11·5, 11·4 and 11·4 g, respectively. A treatment-response function of seed yield <em>vs</em> rainfall pH for Williams was <em>y</em> = 11.13 + 0·016 <em>x</em> which had a correlation coefficient of 0·038. Plants of Amsoy and Williams grown in plots adjacent to the exclusion shelters had mean seed yields of 11·4 and 9·8 g per plant, respectively. Seed yield per plant was dependent upon number of pods per plant because the number of seeds per pod did not vary among treatments for each cultivar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - RAINFALL simulators
KW  - SEEDS
KW  - PLANT varieties
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - Acidic rain
KW  - dose-response function.
KW  - seed yields
KW  - soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>)
N1  - Accession Number: 12618629; Evans, L. S. 1,2 Lewin, K. F. 1 Patti, M. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, N.Y., 10471; Source Info: Feb84, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p207; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: RAINFALL simulators; Subject Term: SEEDS; Subject Term: PLANT varieties; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidic rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose-response function.; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411190 Other farm product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418320 Seed merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rayner, Steve
T1  - Anti-Nuclear Protest: The Opposition to Nuclear Energy in France (Book).
JO  - Sociological Review
JF  - Sociological Review
Y1  - 1984/02//
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 165
EP  - 168
SN  - 00380261
AB  - Reviews the book "Anti-Nuclear Protest: The Opposition to Nuclear Energy in France," by Alain Toraine.
KW  - NUCLEAR crisis control
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - TOURAINE, Alain
KW  - ANTI-Nuclear Protest (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 5472777; Rayner, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Source Info: Feb84, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p165; Subject Term: NUCLEAR crisis control; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ANTI-Nuclear Protest (Book); People: TOURAINE, Alain; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1111/1467-954X.ep5472777
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goeller, H. E.
AU  - Zucker, A.
T1  - Infinite Resources: The Ultimate Strategy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/02/03/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4635
M3  - Article
SP  - 456
EP  - 462
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84672090; Goeller, H. E. 1 Zucker, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Senior engineer, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830  2: Associate director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: 2/ 3/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4635, p456; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammel, Edward F.
AU  - Krupka, Milton C.
AU  - Williamson, K. D.
T1  - The Continuing U.S. Helium Saga.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/02/24/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4638
M3  - Article
SP  - 789
EP  - 792
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84679889; Hammel, Edward F. 1 Krupka, Milton C. 2 Williamson, K. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Consultant and a former assistant director for energy, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Staff member, Analysis and Assessment Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2/24/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4638, p789; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore II, Dan H.
T1  - Kernel Discriminant Analysis (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1984/03//Mar/Apr84
VL  - 72
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 209
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Kernel Discriminant Analysis,' by D.J. Hand.
KW  - KERNEL functions
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HAND, D. J.
KW  - KERNEL Discriminant Analysis (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11079633; Moore II, Dan H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar/Apr84, Vol. 72 Issue 2, p209; Subject Term: KERNEL functions; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: KERNEL Discriminant Analysis (Book); People: HAND, D. J.; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pennycook, S. J.
AU  - Narayan, J.
AU  - Holland, O. W.
T1  - Spatially resolved measurement of substitutional dopant concentrations in semiconductors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/03//
VL  - 44
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
EP  - 549
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - It is shown that a simple ratio technique based on the electron channeling phenomenon can be used to measure substitutional fractions of dopants in submicron-sized regions of semiconductors. Samples were made from 121Sb+ implanted Si, solid-phase-epitaxially regrown, and analyzed by ion channeling. One sample was sequentially annealed so as to precipitate out various fractions of the dopant in excess of the solubility limit. In the fully annealed sample electron channeling measurements could quantitatively determine the fraction of Sb in precipitate form since it was randomly located with respect to the matrix. In the partially annealed sample electron channeling indicated a larger nonsubstitutional fraction than could be accounted for by observed precipitates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOPING agents (Chemistry)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ION channels
N1  - Accession Number: 71380168; Pennycook, S. J. 1 Narayan, J. 1 Holland, O. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 5, p547; Subject Term: DOPING agents (Chemistry); Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ION channels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94833
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
AU  - Flynn, Kathy
AU  - Foote, Linda
AU  - Lankford, Trish
T1  - Monoclonal Antibodies in Cancer Detection and Therapy.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 156
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The advent of monoclonal antibodies has revolutionized our thinking about cancer therapy management. In this article, we attempt to review some of the applications of monoclonal antibodies in cancer research and to identify requirements for monoclonal antibody to be useful in cancer detection or therapy. Empirical tests of antibody circulation in vivo are necessary to establish specificity. (Accepted for publication 15 July 1983) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - CANCER research
KW  - MOLECULAR cloning
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 10173576; Kennel, Stephen J. 1 Flynn, Kathy 2 Foote, Linda 1 Lankford, Trish 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  2: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Source Info: Mar1984, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p150; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Subject Term: CANCER research; Subject Term: MOLECULAR cloning; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 6080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - ADVANCES IN GENETIC ENGINEERING.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 197
EP  - 197
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Genetic Engineering Techniques: Recent Developments,' edited by P. C. Huang, T. T. Kuo, and Ray Wu.
KW  - GENETIC engineering
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GENETIC Engineering Techniques (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10103132; Sutherland, Betsy M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: Mar1984, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p197; Subject Term: GENETIC engineering; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: GENETIC Engineering Techniques (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 550
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hojvat, Carlos
T1  - Argentina's Capital: Buenos Aires.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/03/09/
VL  - 223
IS  - 4640
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1014
EP  - 1014
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor focusing on the article "Argentina Formulates a Nuclear New Deal" that was published in the February 17, 1984 issue of the periodical.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - CAPITAL cities
N1  - Accession Number: 18880090; Hojvat, Carlos 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Post Office Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510.; Source Info: 3/9/1984, Vol. 223 Issue 4640, p1014; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: CAPITAL cities; Number of Pages: 1/9p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammond, R. B.
AU  - Paulter, N. G.
AU  - Wagner, R. S.
AU  - Springer, T. E.
T1  - Excitation and Fe concentration dependences in the impulse photoconductance of InP:Fe.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/03/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 620
EP  - 622
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report impulse response measurements on InP:Fe photoconductors excited by laser and electron beam radiation. Measurements are reported on crystals with Fe concentrations from 2×1015 cm-3 to 4×1016 cm-3 and with excited electron-hole-pair densities of ∼1012 cm-3 and 9×1017 cm-3. Measured signal decays are purely exponential in character, and decay times are inversely related to Fe concentration. No long-lived tails are observed. Decay times show no dependence on excitation level for excited carrier concentrations that are well above and well below the Fe concentrations. The magnitude of the photoresponse indicates that electrons and not holes are the primary current carriers. The data suggest that for impulse excitation photoconductance decay in InP:Fe is due to trap-assisted recombination of electrons and holes at the Fe sites, with a rate determined by the species with the slower capture rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - THIN films -- Electric properties
KW  - IRON
KW  - ELECTRON recombination
N1  - Accession Number: 71380242; Hammond, R. B. 1 Paulter, N. G. 1 Wagner, R. S. 1 Springer, T. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electronics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 6, p620; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: THIN films -- Electric properties; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: ELECTRON recombination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94855
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, C. H.
AU  - Kramer, S. D.
AU  - Allman, S. L.
AU  - Hurst, G. S.
T1  - Selective counting of krypton atoms using resonance ionization spectroscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/03/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 640
EP  - 642
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Resonance ionization spectroscopy (RIS) was used to count 1000 individual 81Kr atoms. In the method, lasers for RIS are used to obtain atomic species (Z) selectivity and a small quadrupole mass spectrometer provides isotopic (A) selectivity. After Z and A selection the krypton ions were counted as they were implanted into a target. Basically, the method works for any isotope whether stable or unstable. However, the detection limit may depend on the isotope because of outgassing of stable atoms from the enclosure walls. For 81Kr, we show that fewer than 1000 atoms can be counted with good accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE ionization spectroscopy
KW  - KRYPTON
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ATOMIC spectra
KW  - ISOTOPE separation
N1  - Accession Number: 71380235; Chen, C. H. 1 Kramer, S. D. 1 Allman, S. L. 1 Hurst, G. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Physics Section, Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 6, p640; Subject Term: RESONANCE ionization spectroscopy; Subject Term: KRYPTON; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ATOMIC spectra; Subject Term: ISOTOPE separation; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94861
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammel, Bruce A.
AU  - Jones, Larry A.
T1  - Effects of the internally produced nonthermal electrons on the temperature diagnostics of a hollow gas shell Z pinch.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/04//
VL  - 44
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
EP  - 669
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Experimental evidence is presented indicating that a nonthermal electron energy distribution occurs in a collapsing gas shell Z pinch at the time of pinch. It is estimated that these results can be explained if less than 10% of the current is associated with an energetic (∼4 keV) electron beam. Interpreting the spectroscopic diagnostics consistently with the nonthermal electron energy distribution indicates that the temperature of the plasma ''hot spots'' could be as low as ∼400 eV instead of the 1 keV obtained by assuming a thermal distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 71380317; Hammel, Bruce A. 1 Jones, Larry A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 7, p667; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94863
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeAngelis, Donald L.
T1  - FASCINATING IDEAS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/04//
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 264
EP  - 264
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Hierarchy: Perspectives for Ecological Complexity,' by T. F. H. Allen and Thomas B. Starr.
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ALLEN, T.
KW  - STARR, Thomas
KW  - HIERARCHY (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10104259; DeAngelis, Donald L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Source Info: Apr84, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p264; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: HIERARCHY (Book); People: ALLEN, T.; People: STARR, Thomas; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 509
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, John
T1  - Chloroplast protein phosphorylation and the regulation of photosynthesis.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1984/04//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 583
EP  - 590
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Protein phosphorylation is a major regulatory mechanism in animal cells but its importance in plant cells is not yet clear. Protein phosphorylation has been studied in plants for more than a decade. Early studies were concerned with phenomena which had parallels in animal cells, such as the phosphorylation of nuclear and ribosomal proteins, but more recently considerable attention has been given to an example without parallel in animal cells, the phosphorylation of chloroplast proteins. When isolated intact chloroplasts from green plants are incubated in the light with orthophosphate, radioisotope is incorporated not only into low molecular weight molecules such as ATP and sugar phosphates but also into RNA and protein.
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - RNA
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 13409184; Bennett, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Dept, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: Apr84, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p583; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: MOLECULAR weights; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13409184
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kania, D. R.
AU  - Jones, L. A.
AU  - Zimmermann, E. L.
AU  - Veeser, L. R.
AU  - Trainor, R. J.
T1  - Experimental investigation of a magnetic gate as a multimegampere, vacuum opening switch.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/04/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 743
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on the first experiments to demonstrate the vacuum operation of a magnetic gate opening switch. Currents greater than 1 MA have been transferred in approximately 1 μs. A model has been developed to describe the switch's operation. The model and the experimental data are in excellent agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SWITCHING circuits
KW  - VACUUM switches
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR switches
KW  - EXPERIMENTS
KW  - ELECTRONICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 71380395; Kania, D. R. 1 Jones, L. A. 1 Zimmermann, E. L. 1 Veeser, L. R. 1 Trainor, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P. O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 8, p741; Subject Term: SWITCHING circuits; Subject Term: VACUUM switches; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR switches; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94901
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holland, O. W.
AU  - Narayan, J.
T1  - Mechanism for dynamic annealing during high flux ion irradiation in Si.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/04/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 758
EP  - 760
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The results of high current density implantation of Si and As ions are presented. Significant lattice recovery during implantation is shown to occur as a result of ''dynamic'' or self-annealing processes. The mechanism for these processes will be discussed. Also, the morphology of the residual damage is shown to depend critically upon the mass of the implanted ion and the current density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CURRENT density (Electromagnetism)
KW  - ANNEALING of semiconductors
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ARSENIC
N1  - Accession Number: 71380389; Holland, O. W. 1 Narayan, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 8, p758; Subject Term: CURRENT density (Electromagnetism); Subject Term: ANNEALING of semiconductors; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ARSENIC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94907
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, R. F.
AU  - Lowndes, D. H.
AU  - Narayan, J.
T1  - Bulk nucleation and amorphous phase formation in highly undercooled molten silicon.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/04/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 770
EP  - 772
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Solidification of undercooled liquid (l) Si formed by pulsed laser melting of amorphous (a) layers has been studied experimentally and theoretically. Bulk nucleation apparently occurs at a temperature higher than that of the l→a phase transition. Release of latent heat on nucleation is crucial in determining the depth of melting. It is emphasized that bulk nucleation implies that the l→a transition cannot be explained by purely thermodynamic considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - AMORPHOUS semiconductors
KW  - HEATS of vaporization
N1  - Accession Number: 71380381; Wood, R. F. 1 Lowndes, D. H. 1 Narayan, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, OakRidge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 8, p770; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS semiconductors; Subject Term: HEATS of vaporization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94912
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=71380381&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fife, Daniel
AU  - Barancik, Jerome I.
AU  - Chatterjee, Barbara F.
T1  - Northeastern Ohio Trauma Study: II.  Injury Rates by Age, Sex, and Cause.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1984/05//
VL  - 74
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 478
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Using a 1977 sample of emergency department visits in five northeastern Ohio counties, population-based injury rates are tabulated by age, sex, and cause. Case fatality ratios are estimated by comparing these injury rates with population-based mortality rates for 1976-1978. For all age and sex groups, injuries are a major cause of emergency department visits. Falls, striking, cuts, and motor vehicle crashes are the leading causes of injury. Case fatality ratios for motor vehicle crash injuries are considerably higher than those for non-transport injuries. Injury rates and case fatality ratios for males exceed those for females except among the elderly. With increasing age, injury rates decline but the fraction of injuries leading to hospital admission or to fatality rises sharply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WOUNDS & injuries
KW  - MEDICAL emergencies
KW  - HOSPITAL emergency services
KW  - EMERGENCY medical services
KW  - EMERGENCY medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 4958816; Fife, Daniel 1 Barancik, Jerome I. 2 Chatterjee, Barbara F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Watergate 600, Washington, DC 20037  2: Biomedical and Environmental Assessment Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY  3: Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Source Info: May84, Vol. 74 Issue 5, p473; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Subject Term: MEDICAL emergencies; Subject Term: HOSPITAL emergency services; Subject Term: EMERGENCY medical services; Subject Term: EMERGENCY medicine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913130 Municipal police services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dick, J. J.
T1  - Effect of crystal orientation on shock initiation sensitivity of pentaerythritol tetranitrate explosive.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/05//
VL  - 44
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 859
EP  - 861
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Pentaerythritol tetranitrate single crystals were shocked in four different orientations with the shock direction parallel to the <110>, <001>, <101>, or <100> crystallographic directions. Input stresses were 8.6 or 12.4 GPa. At 12.4 GPa detonation occurred in less than 10-mm run distance of the shock for the <110> and <001> orientations. For the <101> and <100> orientations, denotation was not observed. There is a difference of more than a factor of 2 in run distance to detonation with crystal orientation. The effect can be understood in terms of the available slip systems in the uniaxial strain associated with plane shock compression. In addition, an intermediate velocity transition was observed at 8.6-GPa shock stress for <101> orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - AXIAL flow
N1  - Accession Number: 71380481; Dick, J. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, MS J960, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 9, p859; Subject Term: PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94951
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Draper, Bruce L.
T1  - Stress in sputtered TaSix films on polycrystalline silicon.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/05//
VL  - 44
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 863
EP  - 865
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Stress in TaSix/polycrystalline silicon structures has been examined as a function of film composition, annealing conditions, and deposition parameters. It was found that although stress in as-deposited films is a strong function of these variables, annealed films exhibit a large tensile stress nearly independent of the parameters studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
N1  - Accession Number: 71380479; Draper, Bruce L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 9, p863; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94959
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suenaga, M.
AU  - Tsuchiya, K.
AU  - Higuchi, N.
T1  - Superconducting critical current density of bronze processed pure and alloyed Nb3Sn at very high magnetic fields (up to 24 T).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/05//
VL  - 44
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 919
EP  - 921
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Superconducting critical current densities Jc of pure and alloyed Nb3Sn layers of bronze processed monofilamentary wires were measured at 1.8 and 4.2 K in magnetic fields up to 24 T. The maximum in Jc at 20 T was found for Nb3Sn layers which were fabricated using (Nb ∼3.3 at. % Ti) cores, and the values of Jc were ∼670 and ∼370 A/mm2 at 1.8 and 4.2 K, respectively. These values are ∼5 and ∼25 times greater than those for ''pure'' Nb3Sn wires at these same temperatures. The functional dependence of Jc on the Ti content was also identical to that for the measured values of Hc2 vs Ti content for these wires. The maximum value of Hc2 of the wires with the matrix in place was 26.3 T for the wire which was fabricated from the core containing 3.3 at. % Ti in Nb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING composites
KW  - BRONZE
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CRYSTAL whiskers
KW  - ALLOYS
N1  - Accession Number: 71380459; Suenaga, M. 1 Tsuchiya, K. 1 Higuchi, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 9, p919; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING composites; Subject Term: BRONZE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CRYSTAL whiskers; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94934
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Dimitriadis, Leandros
AU  - Hinkley, Deborah A.
T1  - SEED PROTEIN QUANTITIES OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1984/05//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 76
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Analysis of seeds harvested, from field-grown soybeans demonstrated that simulated acidic rainfalls from two experimental protocols can significantly decrease total protein contents of soybeans. Statistically significant differences in protein content per seed mass were obtained in three of four experiments at the field site. Mean protein contents of control plants for the three experiments reported herein were 330, 393 and 438% and were comparable to protein yields obtained by commercial growers. When results were expressed as protein content per seed mass the changes were independent of reduction in seed mass per plant due to increased rainfall acidity, When results were expressed as protein contents per plant, decreases in protein of 20% were common in plants exposed to rainfalls similar to ambient (pH 4.1) compared with experimental controls (pH 5.6). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OILSEED plants
KW  - SEED proteins
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - SEED pods
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - <em>Glycine max</em>.
KW  - acidic precipitation
KW  - field-grown soybeans
KW  - Seed proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 12621767; Evans, Lance S. 1,2 Dimitriadis, Leandros 1 Hinkley, Deborah A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York 10471, USA  2: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: May84, Vol. 97 Issue 1, p71; Subject Term: OILSEED plants; Subject Term: SEED proteins; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: SEED pods; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Glycine max</em>.; Author-Supplied Keyword: acidic precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: field-grown soybeans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seed proteins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111120 Oilseed (except Soybean) Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111191 Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobson, Jerome E.
T1  - Nonconventional Energy Resources (Book).
JO  - Professional Geographer
JF  - Professional Geographer
Y1  - 1984/05//
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 273
EP  - 274
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00330124
N1  - Accession Number: 14133600; Dobson, Jerome E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Arizona State University; Source Info: May84, Vol. 36 Issue 2, p273; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nunnally, W. C.
AU  - Hammond, R. B.
T1  - 80-MW photoconductor power switch.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/05/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 980
EP  - 982
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The application of photoconductors to fast rise time, high-power switching is discussed. We report the successful switching of a 100-kV system to generate a 1.8-kA, <5-ns rise time, 200-ns duration electrical pulse in a 25-Ω load using a single photoconductor switch excited by a Q-switched Nd: glass laser. The photoconductor was a 2.5-cm-long bar of single-crystal, high-resistivity silicon with a 0.5×0.5 cm cross section. Only a depth of about 1 mm of one side was used for conduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - SILICON -- Electric properties
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - HEAT conduction
N1  - Accession Number: 71380561; Nunnally, W. C. 1 Hammond, R. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electronics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 10, p980; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: SILICON -- Electric properties; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94619
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gourley, P. L.
AU  - Biefeld, R. M.
AU  - Zipperian, T. E.
AU  - Wiczer, J. J.
T1  - Minority-carrier diffusion lengths in GaP/GaAsxP1-x strained-layer superlattices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/05/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 983
EP  - 985
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have made the first measurements of the minority-carrier diffusion lengths L∥ and L⊥ respectively in both n- and p- type GaP/GaAsxP1-x <100> strained-layer superlattices (SLS's) in directions parallel and perpendicular to the interfaces. Using room-temperature optical techniques, we find that L⊥≊0.1 μm, which is more than an order of magnitude smaller than L∥≊1.5 μm. The latter is comparable to that measured in the bulk materials which comprise the SLS layers, while the former demonstrates the existence of large potential barriers in both the conduction and valence bands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
KW  - VALENCE fluctuations
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
N1  - Accession Number: 71380560; Gourley, P. L. 1 Biefeld, R. M. 1 Zipperian, T. E. 1 Wiczer, J. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 10, p983; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: BULK solids; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Subject Term: VALENCE fluctuations; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94620
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myers, D. R.
AU  - Biefeld, R. M.
AU  - Fritz, I. J.
AU  - Picraux, S. T.
AU  - Zipperian, T. E.
T1  - Be-implantation doping of GaAsxP1-x/GaP strained-layer superlattices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/06//
VL  - 44
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1052
EP  - 1054
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We present Hall-effect measurements of the first localized p-type doping in GaAsxP1-x /GaP strained-layer superlattices achieved by implantation of 1×1015 cm-2, 75 kV 9Be+ followed by controlled-atmosphere annealing at 825 °C for 10 min. The acceptor activation (∼15% at 300 K) and the mobilities in the p regions (∼20 cm2/Vs at 300 K) are consistent with the values expected for type-converted GaP-based alloys. Depth-dependent structural characterization by ion channeling demonstrates that the superlattice structure survived the implantation and annealing without loss of layer strain. These results demonstrate that Be implantation can be applied to produce localized doping in a strained-layer superlattice system and reflect favorably on the stability of strained-layer superlattices under particle bombardment and thermal cycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - HALL effect
KW  - CHANNELING (Physics)
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
N1  - Accession Number: 71380635; Myers, D. R. 1 Biefeld, R. M. 1 Fritz, I. J. 1 Picraux, S. T. 1 Zipperian, T. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 44 Issue 11, p1052; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: HALL effect; Subject Term: CHANNELING (Physics); Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94639
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kania, D. R.
AU  - Zimmermann, E. L.
AU  - Trainor, R. J.
AU  - Veeser, L. R.
AU  - Jones, L. A.
T1  - Experimental tests of a moving foil as a high current vacuum opening switch.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 26
EP  - 28
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on the first experimental investigation of the use of a magnetically accelerated foil-moving foil-as a vacuum opening switch. One megampere, 60% of the total current, was transferred to a low inductance path in 800 ns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM foil
KW  - ELECTRIC inductors
KW  - PLASMA chemistry
KW  - PLASMA switches
KW  - ELECTRIC switchgear
KW  - ELECTRIC inductance
N1  - Accession Number: 71380777; Kania, D. R. 1 Zimmermann, E. L. 1 Trainor, R. J. 1 Veeser, L. R. 1 Jones, L. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS D410, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p26; Subject Term: ALUMINUM foil; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductors; Subject Term: PLASMA chemistry; Subject Term: PLASMA switches; Subject Term: ELECTRIC switchgear; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332999 All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94991
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nalesso, Gianfranco
AU  - Jacobson, Abram R.
T1  - Localized plasma-density disturbance propagating along B in the interior of the ZT-40M reversed-field pinch.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 36
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using a ten-chord interferometer, we have measured a field-aligned (k∥≊2 m-1; k⊥>=25 m-1) plasma-density disturbance propagating along B with a speed in the ion acoustic range. The propagation is purely in the electron drift direction and is observed only when the drift parameter (electron drift speed/electron thermal speed)>=0.1. A novel spatial-filter technique resolves this localized mode, which otherwise would be hidden by more robust global disturbances present along the lines of sight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA density
KW  - RADIO wave propagation
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - DRIFT diffusion models
KW  - DRIFT mobility
KW  - DRIFT indicator
N1  - Accession Number: 71380774; Nalesso, Gianfranco 1 Jacobson, Abram R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: PLASMA density; Subject Term: RADIO wave propagation; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: DRIFT diffusion models; Subject Term: DRIFT mobility; Subject Term: DRIFT indicator; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.94994
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hobson, William S.
AU  - Johnson, Phelps B.
AU  - Ellis, Arthur B.
AU  - Biefeld, R. M.
T1  - Photoluminescent and electroluminescent properties of GaAs1-xPx-GaAs1-yPy isotype heterojunction electrodes.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/07/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 152
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The photoluminescence (PL) of N-n GaAs0.59P0.41-GaAs0.70P0.30 heterojunction electrodes has been studied in stable, efficient photoelectrochemical cells employing aqueous ditelluride electrolyte. When excited at several ultra-band-gap wavelengths, electrodes whose surface n-GaAs0.70P0.30 layers are ∼0.2 μm thick exhibit PL spectra derived from the emission bands of the heterojunction constituents. Besides being dependent on excitation wavelength, the PL spectral distribution is a function of applied potential. Field-induced quenching of PL from the electrodes is shown to be consistent with a dead-layer model. Electroluminescence (EL) can be observed when the solids are used as cathodes in a formamide solution of Na2S2O8. The EL spectrum indicates that radiative recombination due to hole injection is largely confined to the surface layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - HETEROJUNCTIONS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - HETEROJUNCTION field effect transistors
N1  - Accession Number: 71380869; Hobson, William S. 1 Johnson, Phelps B. 1 Ellis, Arthur B. 1 Biefeld, R. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p150; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTIONS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTION field effect transistors; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95149
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Speriosu, V. S.
AU  - Nicolet, M.-A.
AU  - Picraux, S. T.
AU  - Biefeld, R. M.
T1  - Depth profiles of perpendicular and parallel strain in a GaAsxP1-x/GaP superlattice.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/08//
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 225
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using double-crystal x-ray rocking curves, depth profiles of parallel and perpendicular strain were obtained in a GaAs0.14P0.86/GaP superlattice grown on a buffer layer on (100) GaP. Combining symmetric Fe Kα1 (400) and asymmetric Cu Kα1 (422) reflections, a constant parallel strain of 0.19% relative to the substrate was found throughout the superlattice and buffer layer. Relative to the substrate, the perpendicular strain was found to be 0.26% in the buffer, and 0.80% and -0.19% in the 176-Å-thick superlattice GaAsxP1-x and GaP layers, respectively. The strain profiles indicate the buffer is ∼80% decoupled from the substrate by misfit dislocations near the buffer/substrate interface, and the lattice misfit in the superlattice is elastically accommodated by the epitaxial structure with a small shift in the average lattice constant relative to the equilibrium superlattice structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - ASYMMETRIC synthesis
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - SUBSTRATES (Materials science)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - EPITAXY
N1  - Accession Number: 71380965; Speriosu, V. S. 1 Nicolet, M.-A. 1 Picraux, S. T. 1 Biefeld, R. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p223; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: ASYMMETRIC synthesis; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: SUBSTRATES (Materials science); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: EPITAXY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95190
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matthews, D. L.
AU  - Campbell, E. M.
AU  - Estabrook, K.
AU  - Hatcher, W.
AU  - Kauffman, R. L.
AU  - Lee, R. W.
AU  - Wang, C. L.
T1  - Observation of enhanced emission of the O VIII Hα line in a recombining laser-produced plasma.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/08//
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 226
EP  - 228
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have observed enhanced emission of the O VIII Hα line at 121 eV from a recombining plasma produced by laser heating of a thin Formvar foil with two opposed cylindrically focused (0.3×1.4 cm) 5-TW laser beams. The time-dependent intensity of the Hα line increases by nearly an order of magnitude as the plasma length is increased from 0.27 to 1.27 cm. This increase in intensity is greater than that expected from a medium exhibiting no gain. A comparison of the measured time history of the emission with that of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium time-dependent calculations suggests that a small-signal gain ∼0.5 cm-1 is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - LASERS
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC induction
KW  - ELECTROSTATIC induction
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC potentials
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 71380964; Matthews, D. L. 1 Campbell, E. M. 1 Estabrook, K. 1 Hatcher, W. 1 Kauffman, R. L. 1 Lee, R. W. 1 Wang, C. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p226; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATIC induction; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC potentials; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95191
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rose, B. H.
AU  - Weaver, H. T.
T1  - Method for determining emitter recombination in Si solar cells using open-circuit voltage decay.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/08//
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 249
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A method for determining the emitter recombination current and thereby partitioning the total carrier recombination current into the different sections of a silicon solar cell is demonstrated. The method is destructive, requiring that a set of measurements is made on a cell before and after mechanically roughening the back of the cell. The data include short-circuit current (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and asymptotic decay rates for Jsc and Voc. High open-circuit voltage (650 mV) silicon cells are studied using the technique. It is shown that the emitter recombination current is large (1.5×10-13 A/cm2), which is consistent with a band-gap narrowing mechanism. Furthermore, the high voltages are shown to result from unusually long base lifetimes (>300 μs) in 0.3-Ω cm silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - DECAY schemes (Radioactivity)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - SILICON -- Spectra
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 71380956; Rose, B. H. 1 Weaver, H. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p247; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: DECAY schemes (Radioactivity); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: SILICON -- Spectra; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95199
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammond, R. B.
AU  - Paulter, N. G.
AU  - Wagner, R. S.
T1  - Observed circuit limits to time resolution in correlation measurements with Si-on-sapphire, GaAs, and InP picosecond photoconductors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/08//
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 291
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report cross-correlation measurements of the response of photoconductor pulsers and sampling gates excited by a femtosecond laser. The photoconductors were fabricated in microstrip transmission line structures on Si-on-sapphire, semi-insulating GaAs, and semi-insulating InP wafers. The photoconductor sampling gates were ion beam damaged to produce short carrier lifetimes (<3 ps in one case). Damage was introduced with 6 MeV 20Ne on the Si-on-sapphire, 2 MeV 2H on the GaAs, and 2 MeV 4He on the InP. Doses in the range 1012-1015 cm-2 were used. Our results show circuit limits to the time resolution in correlation measurements from two sources: (a) RC time constants due to photoconductor gap capacitance and transmission line characteristic impedance and (b) dispersion in microstrip transmission lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - PHOTODIODES
KW  - SILICON -- Spectra
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - CAPACITANCE-voltage characteristics
N1  - Accession Number: 71380938; Hammond, R. B. 1 Paulter, N. G. 1 Wagner, R. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electronics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p289; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Subject Term: SILICON -- Spectra; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: CAPACITANCE-voltage characteristics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95176
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
T1  - The Impact of Recession on Industry, Employment and the Regions, 1976-1981 (Book).
JO  - Professional Geographer
JF  - Professional Geographer
Y1  - 1984/08//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 411
EP  - 411
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00330124
N1  - Accession Number: 14135454; Jones, Donald W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Aug84, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p411; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arnold, G. W.
AU  - Picraux, S. T.
AU  - Peercy, P. S.
AU  - Myers, D. R.
AU  - Dawson, L. R.
T1  - Structural integrity of ion-implanted In0.2Ga0.8As/GaAs strained-layer superlattice.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/08/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 382
EP  - 384
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The strain and lattice disorder introduced by room temperature implantation (N, Si, Zn) into strained-layer superlattices (SLS) of In0.2Ga0.8As/ GaAs have been measured by cantilever-beam techniques and by channeled and random Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. These measurements indicate that a maximum lateral compressive stress of ∼5×109 dyn/cm2 is induced for all the ions at fluences corresponding to deposited energy densities of about 1020 keV/cm3 into collisional processes. The compositional modulation of the SLS is maintained at fluences which exceed the yield stress value even in the presence of additional implantation-induced stress and significant numbers of atomic displacements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - SPECTROMETRY
KW  - LABORATORY techniques
KW  - CANTILEVERS
N1  - Accession Number: 71381088; Arnold, G. W. 1 Picraux, S. T. 1 Peercy, P. S. 1 Myers, D. R. 1 Dawson, L. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p382; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: SPECTROMETRY; Subject Term: LABORATORY techniques; Subject Term: CANTILEVERS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95228
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pennycook, S. J.
AU  - Narayan, J.
T1  - Direct imaging of dopant distributions in silicon by scanning transmission electron microscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/08/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 387
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The first direct images of dopant distributions in Si have been observed using scanning transmission electron microscopy, by detecting Rutherford-scattered transmitted electrons. Strong atomic number (Z) contrast is obtained allowing images to be formed of Bi at concentrations of the order of 0.2 to 1 at. % and of Sb at concentrations of 0.5 to 6 at. %. The image contrast from cross-section specimens correlated closely with the dopant concentration profiles determined by x-ray microanalysis and with Rutherford ion backscattering analysis of the bulk materials. This technique should prove extremely valuable for studying dopant segregation phenomena in semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - DOPING agents (Chemistry)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 71381087; Pennycook, S. J. 1 Narayan, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p385; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: DOPING agents (Chemistry); Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95229
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seager, C. H.
AU  - Land, C. E.
T1  - Optical absorption in ion-implanted lead lanthanum zirconate titanate ceramics.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/08/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 397
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Optical absorption measurements have been performed on unmodified and on ion-implanted lead lanthanum zirconate titanate ceramics using the photothermal deflection spectroscopy technique. Bulk absorption coefficients depend on the average grain size of the material while the absorption associated with the ion-damaged layers does not. The damage-induced surface absorptance correlates well with the photosensitivity observed in implanted PLZT devices, supporting earlier models for the enhanced imaging efficiency of the materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT absorption
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - PHOTOSENSITIZERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 71381083; Seager, C. H. 1 Land, C. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p395; Subject Term: LIGHT absorption; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: PHOTOSENSITIZERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95233
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes, C. E.
AU  - Biefeld, R. M.
AU  - Zipperian, T. E.
AU  - Osbourn, G. C.
T1  - Comparison of trapping levels in GaAsP strained-layer superlattice structures and in their buffer layers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/08/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 408
EP  - 410
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Deep level transient spectroscopy measurements have been performed on pn jucntions in a strained-layer superlattice (SLS) wafer composed of 240-Å-thick alternating layers of GaP and GaAs0.3P0.7 grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Comparison of these results with data taken on a standard alloy buffer layer of nearly the same average composition (18% As) reveals that in the SLS there are fewer types of traps, the trap concentrations are usually lower, the sample to sample variations across the wafer are much less, and the trap depth profiles are more uniform. Consequently, this comparison suggests that the SLS material is of better quality than the buffer which is mismatched to the underlying GaP substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 71381078; Barnes, C. E. 1 Biefeld, R. M. 1 Zipperian, T. E. 1 Osbourn, G. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p408; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95238
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Follstaedt, D. M.
AU  - Knapp, J. A.
AU  - Pope, L. E.
AU  - Yost, F. G.
AU  - Picraux, S. T.
T1  - Effects of ion-implanted C on the microstructure and surface mechanical properties of Fe alloys implanted with Ti.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/09//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
EP  - 531
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The microstructural and tribological effects of ion implanting C into Ti-implanted, Fe-based alloys are examined and compared to the influence of C introduced by vacuum carburization during Ti implantation alone. The amorphous surface alloy formed by Ti implantation of pure Fe increases in thickness when additional C is implanted at depths containing Ti but beyond the range of carburization. Pin-on-disc tests of 15-5 PH stainless steel show that implantation of both Ti and C reduces friction significantly under conditions where no reduction is obtained by Ti implantation alone; wear depths are also less when C is implanted. All available experimental results can be accounted for by consideration of the thickness and Ti concentration of the amorphous Fe-Ti-C alloy. The thicker amorphous layer on samples implanted with additional C extends tribological benefits to more severe wear regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - AMORPHOUS semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 71381222; Follstaedt, D. M. 1 Knapp, J. A. 1 Pope, L. E. 1 Yost, F. G. 1 Picraux, S. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 5, p529; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS semiconductors; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95303
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=71381222&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyle, James M.
AU  - Muralidharan, Monagur N.
T1  - Program Reusability through Program Transformation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 1984/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 574
EP  - 588
SN  - 00985589
AB  - How can a program written in pure applicative LISP be reused in a Fortran environment? One answer is by automatically transforming it from LISP into Fortran. In this paper we discuss a practical application of this technique-one that yields an efficient Fortran program. We view this process as an example of abstract programming, in which the LISP program constitutes an abstract specification for the Fortran version. The idea of strategy—a strategy for getting from LISP to Fortran—is basic to designing and applying the transformations. One strategic insight is that the task is easier if the LISP program is converted to "recursive" Fortran, and then the recursive Fortran program is converted to nonrecursive standard Fortran. Another strategic insight is that much of the task can be accomplished by converting the program from one canonical form to another. Developing a strategy also involves making various implementation decisions. One advantage of program transformation methodology is that it exposes such decisions for examination and review. Another is that it enables optimizations to be detected and implemented easily. Once a strategy has been discovered, it can be implemented by means of rewrite-rule transformations using the TAMPR program transformation system. The transformational approach to program reuse based on this strategy has a measure of elegance. It is also practical—the resulting Fortran program is 25 percent faster than its compiled LISP counterpart, even without extensive optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORTRAN (Computer program language)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - Abstract programming
KW  - canonical forms
KW  - optimization
KW  - program transformation
KW  - pure applicative LISP
KW  - rewrite rules
KW  - stepwise refinement
KW  - TAMPR
N1  - Accession Number: 14385935; Boyle, James M. 1 Muralidharan, Monagur N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  2: Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506; Source Info: Sep84, Vol. 10 Issue 5, p574; Subject Term: FORTRAN (Computer program language); Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abstract programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: canonical forms; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: program transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: pure applicative LISP; Author-Supplied Keyword: rewrite rules; Author-Supplied Keyword: stepwise refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: TAMPR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 25 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gourley, P. L.
AU  - Biefeld, R. M.
T1  - Quantum size effects in GaAs/GaAsxP1-x strained-layer superlattices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 749
EP  - 751
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report the first observations of quantum size effects in GaAs/GaAs0.5P0.5 strained-layer superlattices (SLS's). Using excitation and photoluminescence spectroscopies, we have observed optical transitions between excited states of the electron and hole quantum wells. These observations provide a measure of the biaxial compressive strain in the GaAs layers, interfacial roughness, and valence-band offset for the GaAs/GaP heterojunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 71381400; Gourley, P. L. 1 Biefeld, R. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 7, p749; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95385
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Robert T.
AU  - Fultz, Esther
AU  - Shore, Virgie
T1  - Mutagen formation in a model beef boiling system I. Conditions with a soluble beef‐derived fraction.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
Y1  - 1984/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 791
EP  - 817
SN  - 03601226
AB  - Fried beef and commercial beef extract contain Ames/ Salmonella frameshift mutagens that require microsomal (S‐9) activation. To ascertain which fraction(s) of beef muscle contain(s) the essential precursors, aqueous (1:1) homogenates of lean round steak were centrifuged to give an insoluble residue1 (R1) and a soluble supernatant1 (S1). S1 was then boiled for 30 min and again centrifuged, yielding a residue2 (R2) and a soluble supernatant2 (S2). S2 represents only 5% of the meat dry wt and it contains only 10* of the H2O‐soluble protein, but it contributes all of the S‐9 dependent Salmonella TA1538 mutagenic activity in boiled homogenates. Mutagen formation from S2 boiled for 0–30 h at a constant volume increases exponentially with time and displays sharp pH optima at 4.0 and 9.0. By molecular ultrafiltration the pH 4.0 mutagen precursors in S2 have molecular wts < 500. They are also stable to lyophilization. These observations and the disappearance of certain amino acids upon boiling at pH 4.0 suggest that select amino acids may be reactants for low‐temperature mutagen formation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75490574; Taylor, Robert T. 1 Fultz, Esther 1 Shore, Virgie 1; Affiliation:  1: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA, 94550; Source Info: Oct1984, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p791; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934528409375195
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Robert T.
AU  - Shore, Virgie
AU  - Fultz, Esther
T1  - Mutagen formation in a model beef boiling system II. Effects of proteolysis and comparison of soluble fractions from several protein sources.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering
Y1  - 1984/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 819
EP  - 845
SN  - 03601226
AB  - Fried beef and commercial beef extracts contain Ames/Salmonella frameshift mutagens that form at relatively low temperatures (100–200°C). To investigate the types of natural components in beef muscle that give rise to frameshift mutagenic activity, we previously devised a model boiling system and demonstrated that all of the Salmonella TA1538 activity is formed from H2O‐soluble, < 500 molecular wt compounds that are present in round steak supernatant fractions (S1 and S2). S2 is derived from S1, the soluble fraction of homogenized beef, by a brief 30 min boil and centrifugation. We now report that proteolysis of beef S1 with papain, trypsin, or chymotrypsin (± carboxypeptidase A) increases the mutagenic activity of boiled S2 by 1.8–4.5 fold over the baseline range of 90–100 TA1538 revertants/108 bacteria/g dry beef/14 h at pH 4.0. Sequential treatment of beef S1 with chymotrypsin followed by carboxypeptidase A is the most efficient mutagen enhancing digestion (415 revertants/g dry beef or 7.7 revertants/mg of S2 soluble protein). Fourteen h boiled, proteolytic digests of round steak insoluble‐protein fraction (R1), soybean protein, bovine serum albumin, and bovine α‐lactalbumin contain much less TA1538 activity/mg of soluble protein than beef S2 (0.01–1.5 versus 7.4 revertants/108 bacteria). For comparison, S2 fractions prepared from chicken (light meat), chicken (dark meat), pork chops, turkey (light meat), beef liver, fish (sole), and whole eggs yield 89, 60, 71, 67, 58, 36, and < 1 TA1538 revertants/108 bacteria/g of initial dry wt. Despite their low TA1538 activity yields, S2‐like fractions from proteolyzed beef R1, soybean protein, and the two pure albumins, and S2 fractions from sole and eggs were comparable to our standard beef S1 or S2 in their amino acid compositions. Collectively, these mutagenicity and amino acid composition data indicate that select amino acids and/or small peptides plus some essential non‐amino acid compounds are the mutagen precursors in beef muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75490575; Taylor, Robert T. 1 Shore, Virgie 1 Fultz, Esther 1; Affiliation:  1: Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA, 94550; Source Info: Oct1984, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p819; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934528409375196
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ashby, C. I. H.
T1  - Photochemical dry etching of GaAs.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/10/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 892
EP  - 894
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - GaAs exhibits greatly enhanced reactivity with gas-phase reactive Cl species when the surface is irradiated with low intensity laser light having a frequency which can excite above the band gap of GaAs. This laser-induced reactivity is shown to be photochemical rather than thermal in origin. This is the first reported observation of a purely photochemical dry etching process for a III-V semiconductor material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - PLASMA etching
KW  - LASER photochemistry
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 71381475; Ashby, C. I. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 8, p892; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: PLASMA etching; Subject Term: LASER photochemistry; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: LASERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95404
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane
T1  - LEARNING TO CLONE.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 646
EP  - 646
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Recombinant DNA Techniques: An Introduction,' by R. L. Rodriguez and R. C. Tait.
KW  - RECOMBINANT DNA
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - RODRIGUEZ, R.
KW  - TAIT, R.
KW  - RECOMBINANT DNA Techniques (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10113820; Setlow, Jane 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: Nov84, Vol. 34 Issue 10, p646; Subject Term: RECOMBINANT DNA; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: RECOMBINANT DNA Techniques (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; People: RODRIGUEZ, R.; People: TAIT, R.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 457
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril D.
T1  - INDUSTRIAL TOXINS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 656
EP  - 656
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity, and Teratogenicity of Industrial Pollutants,' edited by Micheline Kirsch-Volders.
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MUTAGENICITY, Carcinogenicity & Teratogenicity of Industrial Pollutants (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10114464; Woodhead, Avril D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, Long Island, NY 11973; Source Info: Nov84, Vol. 34 Issue 10, p656; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: MUTAGENICITY, Carcinogenicity & Teratogenicity of Industrial Pollutants (Book); Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 557
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butler, M. A.
T1  - Optical fiber hydrogen sensor.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/11/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1007
EP  - 1009
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A new type of hydrogen sensor is reported in which an optical fiber is used as the sensing element. The fiber is coated with palladium which expands on exposure to hydrogen. This changes the effective optical path length of the fiber, which is detected by interferometric techniques. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated the effect and suggest a high sensitivity and a wide dynamic range for this kind of sensor. The experimental results are compared to calculated optical path length changes. Application of this kind of sensor to the detection of other chemicals appears feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL fibers
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 71381695; Butler, M. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 10, p1007; Subject Term: OPTICAL fibers; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95060
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seager, C. H.
AU  - Knapp, J. A.
T1  - In-gap optical absorption of amorphous Si3N4.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/11/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1060
EP  - 1062
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The optical absorption coefficient of thin films of chemically vapor deposited amorphous Si3N4 has been measured for photon energies ranging from 1.7 to 3.9 eV using photothermal deflection spectroscopy. From these data it can be inferred that these films contain between 10 and 100 ppm in-gap electronic states, a number consistent with estimates of the trapped charge density in metal-nitride-oxide-semiconductor devices. While other investigators have inferred the existence of well defined trap energies from electrical data, the present measurements yield only broad, rather featureless absorption spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - OXIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 71381674; Seager, C. H. 1 Knapp, J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 10, p1060; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: OXIDES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holland, O. W.
AU  - Sjoreen, T. P.
AU  - Fathy, D.
AU  - Narayan, J.
T1  - Influence of substrate temperature on the formation of buried oxide and surface crystallinity during high dose oxygen implantation into Si.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/11/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1081
EP  - 1083
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The dependence of the implantation-induced morphology on substrate heating during high dose O+ irradiation of Si was investigated. For high dose oxygen implantation, a continuous buried oxide layer forms during implantation. It is shown that the damage morphology in the crystalline region ahead of the buried oxide is extremely sensitive to variations in the temperature of the substrate about 475 °C. Both backscattering/channeling spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used in determining the microstructure of the implanted samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUBSTRATES (Materials science)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
N1  - Accession Number: 71381666; Holland, O. W. 1 Sjoreen, T. P. 1 Fathy, D. 1 Narayan, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 10, p1081; Subject Term: SUBSTRATES (Materials science); Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koo, Jackson C.
AU  - McWright, Glen M.
AU  - Pocha, Michael D.
AU  - Wilcox, Russel B.
T1  - A low leakage 10 000-V silicon photoconductive switch.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1984/11/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1130
EP  - 1131
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Under high bias voltage, the leakage current through a silicon photoconductive switch is mainly caused by carrier injection at the metallic contacts. A low leakage, high voltage silicon photoconductive switch is fabricated by the introduction of carrier trap centers between the silicon substrate and metallic contacts. We report 2.5-mm gap photoconductive switches with leakage currents of less than 50 mA at a pulse bias of 10 kV for 600 ns, and an ''on'' resistance of less than 1.3 Ω, when illustrated by a 1-ns, 1000-μJ pulse of 1.05-μm radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVE cells
KW  - HIGH voltages
KW  - SUBSTRATES (Materials science)
N1  - Accession Number: 71381645; Koo, Jackson C. 1 McWright, Glen M. 1 Pocha, Michael D. 1 Wilcox, Russel B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 1984, Vol. 45 Issue 10, p1130; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVE cells; Subject Term: HIGH voltages; Subject Term: SUBSTRATES (Materials science); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.95043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SCHRIESHEIM, ALAN
T1  - Federal R&D Policy.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/11/16/
VL  - 226
IS  - 4676
M3  - Article
SP  - 780
EP  - 782
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85483712; SCHRIESHEIM, ALAN 1; Affiliation:  1: Office of the Director, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 11/16/1984, Vol. 226 Issue 4676, p780; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HAMMEL, EUGENE A.
AU  - GOELLER, H. E.
AU  - ZUCKER, ALEXANDER
T1  - Population Projections.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/11/16/
VL  - 226
IS  - 4676
M3  - Article
SP  - 782
EP  - 782
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85483714; HAMMEL, EUGENE A. 1 GOELLER, H. E. 2 ZUCKER, ALEXANDER 2; Affiliation:  1: Committee on Population, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 20418, and Graduate Group in Demography, University of California, Berkeley 94720  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box X, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 11/16/1984, Vol. 226 Issue 4676, p782; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheimer, J. F.
AU  - Borg, I. Y.
T1  - Deep Seismic Sounding with Nuclear Explosives in the Soviet Union.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1984/11/16/
VL  - 226
IS  - 4676
M3  - Article
SP  - 787
EP  - 792
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 85483716; Scheimer, J. F. 1 Borg, I. Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Head, Seismological Research Center of the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Science  2: Senior geologist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore; Source Info: 11/16/1984, Vol. 226 Issue 4676, p787; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
AU  - Dubinsky, Zvy
AU  - Muscatine, Leonard
AU  - Porter, James W.
T1  - Light and the Bioenergetics of a Symbiotic Coral.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1984/12//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
EP  - 709
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Colonies of the coral Stylophora pistillata growing at high light can obtain all the reduced carbon needed for animal respiration from photosynthesis by symbiotic zooxanthellae. In contrast, colonies in shaded reef areas must acquire 60% of their reduced carbon heterotrophically. More than 90% of the carbon fixed by zooxanthellae is translocated to the animal host in both light regimes, but very little is assimilated, apparently because the translocated products are deficient in nitrogen. Thus, the coral's overall growth efficiency is similar to that of aquatic herbivores that forage actively. (Accepted for publication 24 August 1984) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOBIOLOGY
KW  - BIOENERGETICS
KW  - SYMBIOSIS
KW  - CORALS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 10229341; Falkowski, Paul G. 1 Dubinsky, Zvy 2 Muscatine, Leonard 3 Porter, James W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Océanographie Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Department of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel 52100  3: Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024  4: Department of Zoology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602; Source Info: Dec84, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p705; Subject Term: PHOTOBIOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOENERGETICS; Subject Term: SYMBIOSIS; Subject Term: CORALS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4180
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lovett, G.M.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
T1  - DRY DEPOSITION AND CANOPY EXCHANGE IN A MIXED OAK FOREST AS DETERMINED BY ANALYSIS OF THROUGHFALL.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
Y1  - 1984/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1013
EP  - 1027
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218901
AB  - (1) Multiple regression analysis was applied to single-event samples of throughfall beneath oak trees to separate the contributions of dry deposition and canopy exchange to the net deposition (throughfall minus precipitation). (2) Results for chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) in the growing season indicate that 62 and 42% of the net deposition of SO 2/4 and Ca2-, respectively, were supplied by canopy exchange, with the remainder being washed-off dry deposition. For white oak (Quercus alba L.), the corresponding values were 81 and 73%, (3) Dry deposition accounted for 30 and 71% of the total atmospheric input of SO 2/4 and Ca2-, respectively. (4) For nitrate, dry deposition was at least 30% of the total atmospheric input, but some uptake of both wet and dry deposition probably occurred in the canopy. (5) For potassium, much of the measured dry deposition appeared to be particulate material released and redeposited within the canopy. (6) Wet deposition dominated the throughfall flux of sulphate and nitrate, but dry deposition dominated that for Ca2- and canopy exchange dominated that for K-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OAK
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - PLANT canopies
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - SULFATES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 12499549; Lovett, G.M. 1 Lindberg, S.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Dec84, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p1013; Subject Term: OAK; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: PLANT canopies; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: SULFATES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Ashenhurst, Robert L.
AU  - Tompkins, Howard E.
AU  - Bernstein, Danielle R.
AU  - Elvira, Aria Maria
AU  - Phillippi, Ehner J.
T1  - Acm forum.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1985/01//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents letters to the editor. Examination of the trend in computer programming in the U.S.; Encouragement of second careers in education; Views on the nonprocedural codes in COBOL, the computer program language; Observations on the importance of English composition in writing computer documents.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - CAREER changes
KW  - COBOL (Computer program language)
KW  - WRITING processes
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 5236492; Ashenhurst, Robert L. Tompkins, Howard E. 1 Bernstein, Danielle R. Elvira, Aria Maria 2 Phillippi, Ehner J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science Department, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, G.P.O. Box 4908 L-73, Livermore, CA 94550.  3: Chemical Abstracts Service P.O. Box 3012 Columbus, OH 43210.; Source Info: Jan1985, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: CAREER changes; Subject Term: COBOL (Computer program language); Subject Term: WRITING processes; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1145/2465.314908
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Witschi, H. P.
AU  - Tryka, A. F.
AU  - Mauderly, J. L.
AU  - Haschek, W. M.
AU  - Satterfield, L. C.
AU  - Bowles, N. D.
AU  - Boyd, M. R.
T1  - Long‐term effects of repeated exposure to 3‐methylfuran in hamsters and mice.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health
Y1  - 1985/01/02/
VL  - 16
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 581
EP  - 592
SN  - 00984108
AB  - Male and female Syrian golden hamsters were exposed for 2 h once a week for 10 consecutive weeks to 344 μmol/l of 3‐methylfuran (3MF), an agent known to produce acute Clara‐cell necrosis. Ten months later their respiratory function was evaluated. No functional differences were found between control and treated animals, and his‐topathologic evaluation of the lungs did not reveal any major treatment‐related alterations. Male and female BALB/c mice were exposed for 1 h to 26.8 μmol/l of 3MF once weekly for 10 wk. After 2 yr the tumor incidence in exposed animals was not increased when compared to controls. It is concluded that the acute Clara‐cell necrosis produced by 3MF at the doses used is of little long‐term consequence. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75457213; Witschi, H. P. 1 Tryka, A. F. 2,3 Mauderly, J. L. 4 Haschek, W. M. 5,6 Satterfield, L. C. 5 Bowles, N. D. 5 Boyd, M. R. 7; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box Y, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831  2: Department of Pathology, Memorial Research Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  3: University of Arkansas for the Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72203  4: Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico  5: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  6: College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801  7: Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Source Info: Jan1985, Vol. 16 Issue 3/4, p581; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287398509530765
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - DeVolpi, Alex
AU  - Wernette, Dee
T1  - Congress enacts a peace institute.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1985/02//
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
M3  - Report
SP  - 42
EP  - 42
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reports on the decision of the U.S. 98th Congress to enact the United States Institution of Peace Act signed by President Ronald Reagan as part of the Defense Authorization Bill.  Authorship of the peace initiative law and budget appropriations for the Institute; Objectives of the Institute; Roles and the responsibilities.
KW  - PEACE
KW  - MILITARY sociology
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Ideologies and Issues
KW  - Influences of Other Nations on National Decisions
N1  - Accession Number: 11077503; DeVolpi, Alex 1 Wernette, Dee 2; Affiliation:  1: Reactor Analysis and Safety Division, Argonne National Laboratory  2: Lewis University, Romeoville, Illinois; Source Info: Feb1985, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p42; Subject Term: PEACE; Subject Term: MILITARY sociology; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ideologies and Issues; Author-Supplied Keyword: Influences of Other Nations on National Decisions; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilbanks, Thomas J.
T1  - Geography and Public Policy at the National Scale.
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 1985/03//
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 10
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - Geography has already had a substantial impact on national policymaking, but the unrealized potential is even greater. Since World War II, geographers have played important roles in a great many federal agencies, and other geographers outside the federal service have been leaders in such arenas as environmental and urban policy. Besides some personal characteristics that make many geographers useful, the main reason is that public policymaking in the United States is exquisitely geographic at the national level. As it is presently structured, however, our policymaking system has a limited capacity to find out the geographic import of the policy options it considers: this complicates interactions between the executive and legislative branches of the government. At a time when society expects policy to be arrived at pluralistically and when a great many of our policy debates involve relationships between one's location and one's legitimate vested interest, geographers have a remarkable opportunity to build roles for their perspectives and skills into new policymaking structures that are evolving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of the Association of American Geographers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLICY sciences
KW  - GEOGRAPHY
KW  - POLITICAL planning
KW  - GEOGRAPHERS
KW  - WAR & society
KW  - URBAN sociology
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - applied geography
KW  - locational decisions
KW  - polilical geography
KW  - public policy
KW  - regional conflict
N1  - Accession Number: 15079636; Wilbanks, Thomas J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, IN 37831; Source Info: Mar85, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p4; Subject Term: POLICY sciences; Subject Term: GEOGRAPHY; Subject Term: POLITICAL planning; Subject Term: GEOGRAPHERS; Subject Term: WAR & society; Subject Term: URBAN sociology; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: applied geography; Author-Supplied Keyword: locational decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: polilical geography; Author-Supplied Keyword: public policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: regional conflict; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, John
T1  - FROM AMINO ACIDS TO BIOTECHNOLOGY.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1985/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 187
EP  - 187
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Amino Acids: Biosynthesis and Genetic Regulation,' edited by Klaus M. Herrman and Ronald L. Somerville.
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - AMINO Acids (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10101938; Bennett, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: Mar1985, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p187; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: AMINO Acids (Book); Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 570
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
T1  - MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES SHOW POTENTIAL.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1985/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 198
EP  - 199
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews two books 'Monoclonal Antibodies: Probes for the Study of Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency,' by Barton F. Haynes and G.S. Eisenbarth/ 'Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer,' edited by Barbara D. Boss, Rod Langman, Ian Trowbridge, and R. Dulbecco.
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - MOLECULAR cloning
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HAYNES, Barton
KW  - EISENBARTH, G. S.
KW  - MONOCLONAL Antibodies (Book)
KW  - MONOCLONAL Antibodies & Cancer (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10103948; Kennel, Stephen J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: Mar1985, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p198; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Subject Term: MOLECULAR cloning; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: MONOCLONAL Antibodies (Book); Reviews & Products: MONOCLONAL Antibodies & Cancer (Book); People: HAYNES, Barton; People: EISENBARTH, G. S.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1172
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiue, Chyng-Yann
AU  - Kutzman, Raymond
AU  - Wolf, Alfred
T1  - Synthesis of 4-[F]fluoroantipyrine and its biodistribution in mice.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1985/03//
VL  - 10
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
EP  - 282
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71142893; Shiue, Chyng-Yann 1 Kutzman, Raymond 1 Wolf, Alfred 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Source Info: Mar1985, Vol. 10 Issue 5/6, p278; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00254475
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, David
AU  - Crutchfield, Jim
AU  - Farmer, Doyne
AU  - Jen, Erica
T1  - EXPERIMENTAL MATHEMATICS: THE ROLE OF COMPUTATION IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1985/04//
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
EP  - 384
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article discusses the role of computers in nonlinear science. The term experimental mathematics has been coined to describe computer-based investigations into nonlinear problems that are inaccessible to analytic methods. The experimental mathematician uses the computer to simulate the solutions of nonlinear equations and thereby to gain insights into their behavior and to suggest directions for future analytic research. Nonlinear science has become a discipline in itself, simply because nature is intrinsically nonlinear. The term nonlinear science, meaning the science of problems that are not linear, may seem odd at first. It seems to suggest that linear problems are the central issue, while in fact precisely the opposite is true. Although simple dynamical systems with low dimensional phase spaces can model much of the real world, the analysis of many physical phenomena requires a somewhat different approach. Digital computers, at both mainframe and minicomputer levels and in the conventional sequential or partially pipelined architecture, remain the general purpose tool of experimental mathematicians.
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - MATHEMATICS -- Problems, exercises, etc.
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - chaotic behavior
KW  - experimental mathematics
KW  - nonlinear science
KW  - solitons
N1  - Accession Number: 5225493; Campbell, David 1 Crutchfield, Jim 2 Farmer, Doyne 1 Jen, Erica 3; Affiliation:  1: David Campbell and Doyne Farmer, Center for Nonlinear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos. NM 87545.  2: Physics Dept., University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  3: Mathematics Dept,, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. CA 90089.; Source Info: Apr1985, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p374; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Subject Term: COMPUTER architecture; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS -- Problems, exercises, etc.; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: chaotic behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: experimental mathematics; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear science; Author-Supplied Keyword: solitons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/3341.3345
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R.M.
AU  - Carnes, B.A.
AU  - Moorman, T.B.
T1  - FACTORS INFLUENCING SURVIVAL OF VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA PROPAGULES DURING TOPSOIL STORAGE.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ecology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
Y1  - 1985/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 266
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218901
AB  - Examines the factors influencing survival of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi propagules during topsoil storage.  Relation of propagule mortality to in situ soil moisture potential using a piecewise regression model; Topsoil replacement; Subsequent plant community development.
KW  - VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas
KW  - ENDOPHYTIC fungi
KW  - SOIL moisture
KW  - SOIL dynamics
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - MYCOTROPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 12204989; Miller, R.M. 1 Carnes, B.A. 2 Moorman, T.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division  2: Biological and Medical Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Apr85, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p259; Subject Term: VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas; Subject Term: ENDOPHYTIC fungi; Subject Term: SOIL moisture; Subject Term: SOIL dynamics; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: MYCOTROPHY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winstanley, Derek
T1  - AFRICA IN DROUGHT.
JO  - Weatherwise
JF  - Weatherwise
Y1  - 1985/04//
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 81
SN  - 00431672
AB  - Discusses drought condition in tropical Africa.  Impact of long-term climatic change on drought; Geographical and temporal characteristics of rainfall distributions in the continent; Average rainfall per month; Agricultural and economic impacts of repeated and persistent droughts in the sub-Saharan zone; Time-series analysis of annual rainfall; Climatic changes in the equatorial zones; Causes of climatic changes.  INSET: CLIMATE IMPACTS..
KW  - DROUGHTS
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - AFRICA
N1  - Accession Number: 11391669; Winstanley, Derek 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program, Washington, D.C.; Source Info: Apr85, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p74; Subject Term: DROUGHTS; Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: AFRICA; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs, 7 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huebner, Walter F.
T1  - Comets (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/05//May/Jun85
VL  - 73
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 289
EP  - 289
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Comets: A Descriptive Catalog,' by Gary W. Kronk.
KW  - COMETS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KRONK, Gary W.
KW  - COMETS (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11183388; Huebner, Walter F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: May/Jun85, Vol. 73 Issue 3, p289; Subject Term: COMETS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: COMETS (Book); People: KRONK, Gary W.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
T1  - SUPPLEMENTAL ANTIBODIES.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1985/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 319
EP  - 319
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Antibodies: Their Structure and Function,' edited by M.W. Steward.
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ANTIBODIES: Their Structure & Function (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10106026; Kennel, Stephen J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: May85, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p319; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ANTIBODIES: Their Structure & Function (Book); Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 240
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, A. D.
T1  - A LUXURIOUS VEHICLE.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1985/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 320
EP  - 320
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Cellular and Molecular Biology of Neoplasia,' Edited by Tak W. Mak and Ian Tannock.
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CELLULAR & Molecular Biology of Neoplasia (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10106060; Woodhead, A. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000; Source Info: May85, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p320; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: CELLULAR & Molecular Biology of Neoplasia (Book); Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 490
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, R.J.
AU  - Richter, D. D.
AU  - Luxmoore, R. J.
T1  - PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN SOYBEAN INHIBITED BY GASEOUS POLLUTANTS BUT NOT BY ACID RAIN.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1985/05//
VL  - 100
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 85
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The responses of several physiological processes and indices were studied in soybean plants [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. `Davis'] exposed to combinations of polluted air (0.1 μ11[Sup-1]' SO[sub2] + 0.05 μ11[sup-1] O[Sub3]) and simulated acid rain (pH 3.4, 4.2 and 5.0). Plants exposed to the gaseous air pollutants had lower foliar concentrations of mineral nutrients and chlorophyll. Leaf abscission was increased and photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, and vegetative growth were inhibited by SO[Sub2] + O[Sub3]. There was no evidence of adverse effects from acid rain on the physiology of this cultivar, regardless of the gaseous pollutant treatment. In the absence of fundamental physiological dysfunctions, acid rain is unlikely to reduce yield; hence, this study with `Davis' soybeans supports the conclusion of those field studies that have indicated no adverse effects of acid rain on soybeans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - ABSCISSION (Botany)
KW  - DEFOLIATION
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - air pollution
KW  - nitrogen fixation
KW  - nutrients
KW  - photosynthesis.
N1  - Accession Number: 11917974; Norby, R.J. 1 Richter, D. D. 1 Luxmoore, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.; Source Info: May85, Vol. 100 Issue 1, p79; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: ABSCISSION (Botany); Subject Term: DEFOLIATION; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: air pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen fixation; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pilat, Joseph F.
T1  - ALLIANCE SECURITY: NATO AND THE NO-FIRST-USE QUESTION (Book).
JO  - Society
JF  - Society
Y1  - 1985/05//May/Jun85
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 65
EP  - 67
SN  - 01472011
AB  - Reviews the book "Alliance Security: NATO and the No-First-Use Question," edited by John D. Steinbruner and Leon V. Sigal.
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - STEINBRUNER, John D.
KW  - SIGAL, Leon V.
KW  - ALLIANCE Security: NATO & the No-First-Use Question (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10979098; Pilat, Joseph F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Staff Member, Strategic Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: May/Jun85, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p65; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ALLIANCE Security: NATO & the No-First-Use Question (Book); People: STEINBRUNER, John D.; People: SIGAL, Leon V.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - EVERNDEN, JACK F.
AU  - HANNON, W. J.
T1  - Verification of Nuclear Testing.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1985/05/17/
VL  - 228
IS  - 4701
M3  - Article
SP  - 792
EP  - 794
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84692239; EVERNDEN, JACK F. 1 HANNON, W. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Post Office Box 174, Davenport, California 95017  2: Seismic Monitoring Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 5/17/1985, Vol. 228 Issue 4701, p792; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SLATKIN, D. N.
AU  - FRIEDMAN, L.
AU  - IRSA, A. P.
AU  - MICCA, P. L.
T1  - The Stability of DNA in Human Cerebellar Neurons.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1985/05/24/
VL  - 228
IS  - 4702
M3  - Article
SP  - 1002
EP  - 1004
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Human tissues have carbon-isotope ratios (13C/12C) that reflect dietary ratios. This observation has been used to determine the extent of metabolic turnover of DNA in cells of the adult human cerebellum (90 percent of which are neuronal). If adult human neuronal DNA were metabolically stable, its 13C/12C would reflect that in the maternal diet duringfetal development as nearly all neurons areformed during maturation of the fetal brain and do not undergo cell division thereafter. The 13C/12C ratios in the food chains and body tissues of Europeans differ from corresponding American ratios by about SO parts per million on the average. Therefore, turnover was studied by comparing 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA of American-born Americans, European-born Americans, and European-born Europeans. The 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA from European-born Americans were closer to 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA from European-born Europeans than from American-born Americans, indicating that there was little or no turnover of neuronal DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84692331; SLATKIN, D. N. 1 FRIEDMAN, L. 1 IRSA, A. P. 1 MICCA, P. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 5/24/1985, Vol. 228 Issue 4702, p1002; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - May, Michael M.
T1  - A view from the weapons labs.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1985/06//Jun/Jul1985
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 10
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Disputes the contention that weapons-laboratories are a driving force behind the nuclear arms race.  Historical and policy context in which the laboratories operate; Approaches used by the U.S. and the Soviet Union to avoiding nuclear war and the circumstances that might lead to it; Nuclear testing programs carried out by the laboratories for all the reasons that scientists might expect; Effort devoted to finding out whether nuclear explosives can be put to significantly different military uses.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - SOVIET Union
N1  - Accession Number: 11077307; May, Michael M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun/Jul1985, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p8; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ARMS race; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: UNITED States; Subject Term: SOVIET Union; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lach, Joseph
T1  - Countdown to Space War/National Interests and the Military Use of Space/The Fallacy of Star Wars (Book).
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1985/06//Jun/Jul1985
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 50
EP  - 51
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reviews books about U.S. space policy.  'Countdown to Space War,' by Bhupendra Jasani and Christopher Lee; 'National Interests and the Military Use of Space,' edited by William L. Dutch; 'The Fallacy of Star Wars,' edited by John Tirman.
KW  - JASANI, Bhupendra
KW  - COUNTDOWN to Space War (Book)
KW  - NATIONAL Interests & the Military Use of Space (Book)
KW  - FALLACY of Star Wars, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11077322; Lach, Joseph 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Source Info: Jun/Jul1985, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p50; Reviews & Products: COUNTDOWN to Space War (Book); Reviews & Products: NATIONAL Interests & the Military Use of Space (Book); Reviews & Products: FALLACY of Star Wars, The (Book); People: JASANI, Bhupendra; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Santucci, Karen A.
AU  - Patti, Mitchell J.
T1  - EFFECTS OF FREQUENCY AND DURATION OF SIMULATED ACIDIC RAINFALLS ON SOYBEAN YIELDS.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1985/06//
VL  - 100
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 208
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - An experiment to determine the effects of simulated acidic rain, applied at two frequencies and durations, on seed yields of two commercial cultivars of soybeans was performed during the summer of 1983. Plants were shielded from all ambient rainfalls automatically by two moveable exclusion covers and exposed to simulated rainfalls in quantities equal to the average amount of rainfall that occurs at the site during the growing season. Seed yields of soybeans (cv. Amsoy) exposed twice weekly to simulated rain of pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 were, respectively, 0, 10 and 17% below yields of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 5.6. The linear treatment--response function of seed yield versus rainfall pH for Amsoy was <em>y</em> + 9.18+ 0.74<em>x</em> and had a correlation coefficient of 0.86 (<em>y</em> is seed mass per plant and <em>x</em> is the pH of the simulated rain). The linear component of pH treatment differences showed a highly significant decrease in yield (<em>P</em>= 0.0034). For Amsoy plants exposed to simulated rainfalls daily, plants exposed to pH 4.1, 3.3 and 2.7 exhibited yields 10, 19 and 12%, respectively, below those exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 5.6. A treatment-response function (<em>P</em>= 0.0713) of seed yield vs rainfall pH was <em>y</em> +7.35+ 0.56<em>x</em> and had a correlation coefficient of 0.84. Seed yields of the Williams cultivar were not affected by rainfall acidity. In both cultivars the daily, short duration rainfall regimen resulted in significantly lower yields compared with the twice weekly, longer duration rainfalls. The major portion of the differences in seed yield can be accounted for by the observed differences in number of pods per plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - ACETIC acid
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - SEEDS
KW  - PLANT varieties
KW  - <em>Glycine max</em>.
KW  - Acidic rain
KW  - dose-response functions
KW  - seed yields
KW  - soybean
N1  - Accession Number: 12389656; Evans, Lance S. 1,2 Lewin, Keith F. 1 Santucci, Karen A. 2 Patti, Mitchell J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, NY 10471, USA.; Source Info: Jun85, Vol. 100 Issue 2, p199; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: ACETIC acid; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: SEEDS; Subject Term: PLANT varieties; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Glycine max</em>.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidic rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose-response functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: soybean; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411190 Other farm product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418320 Seed merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haiken, Grant
T1  - Volcanic Hazards: A Sourcebook on the Effects of Eruptions (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/07//Jul/Aug85
VL  - 73
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 387
EP  - 388
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Volcanic Hazards: A Sourcebook on the Effects of Eruptions,' by R.J. Blong.
KW  - VOLCANIC hazard analysis
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - BLONG, R. J.
KW  - VOLCANIC Hazards (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11182335; Haiken, Grant 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul/Aug85, Vol. 73 Issue 4, p387; Subject Term: VOLCANIC hazard analysis; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: VOLCANIC Hazards (Book); People: BLONG, R. J.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamada, Tetsuji
T1  - Atmospheric Turbulence: Models and Methods for Engineering Applications (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/07//Jul/Aug85
VL  - 73
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 399
EP  - 399
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Atmospheric Turbulence: Models and Methods for Engineering Applications,' by Hans A. Panofsky and John A. Dutton.
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC turbulence
KW  - PANOFSKY, Hans A.
KW  - BUTTON, John A.
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC Turbulence: Models & Methods for Engineering Applications (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11182377; Yamada, Tetsuji 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul/Aug85, Vol. 73 Issue 4, p399; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC turbulence; Reviews & Products: ATMOSPHERIC Turbulence: Models & Methods for Engineering Applications (Book); People: PANOFSKY, Hans A.; People: BUTTON, John A.; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Eric M.
T1  - Letters: Where is everybody?
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1985/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 13
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor of the August 1, 1985 issue of "Physics Today," which comments on interstellar travel and settlement, part of the debate about the existence and prevalence of extraterrestrials.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - INTERSTELLAR travel
KW  - EXTRATERRESTRIAL life
N1  - Accession Number: 11392970; Jones, Eric M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Aug85, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p11; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: INTERSTELLAR travel; Subject Term: EXTRATERRESTRIAL life; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shugart, H. H.
AU  - Emanuel, W. R.
T1  - Carbon dioxide increase: the implications at the ecosystem level.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1985/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 386
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Possible effects of increased atmospheric concentrations of CO[sub2] on forest ecosystems are discussed and as an example a simulation case study using a set of mixed-age and mixed-species forest stand models is presented. The responses of the models to a simple scenario (uniform growth increase of all trees as a response to CO[sub2] enrichment) include increases in biomass that are considerably less than the increases in growth rate of the trees. These simulations and more general discussion of the possible effects of increased photosynthetic production identify the problem of scaling-up small time-scale and space-scale measurements of plant responses to CO[sub2] enrichment to the ecosystem level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOSYSTEM management
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL management
KW  - ECOLOGICAL disturbances
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - ecological effects
KW  - ecosystem
KW  - forests
KW  - models
KW  - simulation.
N1  - Accession Number: 11660728; Shugart, H. H. 1 Emanuel, W. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, U.S.A.  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug85, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p381; Subject Term: ECOSYSTEM management; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL management; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL disturbances; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: forests; Author-Supplied Keyword: models; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep11660728
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quigg, Chris
T1  - The Particle Connection: The Most Exciting Scientific Chase Since DNA and the Double Helix (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/09//Sep/Oct85
VL  - 73
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 476
EP  - 477
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'The Particle Connection: The Most Extincting Scientific Chase Since DNA and the Double Helix,' by Christine Sutton.
KW  - INTERMEDIATE bosons
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SUTTON, Christine
KW  - PARTICLE Connection, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11197492; Quigg, Chris 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct85, Vol. 73 Issue 5, p476; Subject Term: INTERMEDIATE bosons; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PARTICLE Connection, The (Book); People: SUTTON, Christine; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newman, Michael J.
T1  - Stellar Nucleosynthesis (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1985/09//Sep/Oct85
VL  - 73
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 478
EP  - 478
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Stellar Nucleosynthesis,' edited by Cesare Chiosi and Alvio Renzini.
KW  - NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - STELLAR Nucleosynthesis (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11197496; Newman, Michael J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct85, Vol. 73 Issue 5, p478; Subject Term: NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: STELLAR Nucleosynthesis (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elser, James J.
AU  - Kimmel, Bruce L.
T1  - PHOTOINHIBITION OF TEMPERATE LAKE PHYTOPLANKTON BY NEAR-SURFACE IRRADIANCE: EVIDENCE FROM VERTICAL PROFILES AND FIELD EXPERIMENTS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1985/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 427
SN  - 00223646
AB  - To evaluate the in situ occurrence of phytoplankton photinhibition, the light-mediated depression of chlorophyll in vivio fluorescence (IVF) and of the cellular fluorescence capacity (CFC) of phytoplankton was determined in three southeastern United States reservoirs. Vertical profiles of a fluorescence depression index (FDI) and of the CFC for reservoir phytoplankton showed that nearsurface photoinhibition of fluorescence properties occurred in association with high surface irradiance and weak vertical mixing of the water column. To charcterize the time scales of photochemical and photosynthetic responses to and recovery from exposure to supraoptimal light intensity, phytoplankton IVF responses and ???C-fixation rates were measured in field experiments. Phytoplankton chlorophyll IVF, CFC, and photosynthetic [SUP14]C-fixation were rapidly (20-40 mm) depressesd when reservoir phytoplankton were exposed to surface irradiances (1700-2000 μE m[SUP-2],s[SUP-1]) Light-mediated increases in the FDI declined rapidly (20-40 min) to pre-exposure levels during a subsequent lo-light (75-200 μE m[SUP-2],s[SUP-1]) period, but CFC and [SUP14]C fixation recovered more slowly (>40 min). Exposure of reservoir phytoplankton to a light-intensity gradient revealed both intensity and time thresholds for IVF and CFC depression. Phytplankton photochemical responses to bright light operate on time scales that, in conjuction with vertical mixing, should limit the occurrence of photoinhibition of phytoplankton productivity occurs less commonly than is indicated by fixed-depth incubation measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYTOPLANKTON
KW  - PLANTS -- Photoinhibition
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - LAKES
KW  - SPECTRAL irradiance
KW  - FIELD work (Research)
KW  - fluorescence depression
KW  - photoinhibition
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - phytoplankton
KW  - temperate lakes
KW  - vertical mixing.
N1  - Accession Number: 11355586; Elser, James J. 1 Kimmel, Bruce L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Graduate Program in Ecology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: Sep85, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p419; Subject Term: PHYTOPLANKTON; Subject Term: PLANTS -- Photoinhibition; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: LAKES; Subject Term: SPECTRAL irradiance; Subject Term: FIELD work (Research); Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence depression; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoinhibition; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoplankton; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperate lakes; Author-Supplied Keyword: vertical mixing.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11355586
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Okada, Robert
AU  - Knapp, Furn
AU  - Goodman, Mark
AU  - Elmaleh, David
AU  - William Strauss, H.
T1  - Tellurium-labeled fatty-acid analogs: Relationship of heteroatom position to myocardial kinetics.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1985/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 156
EP  - 161
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143006; Okada, Robert 1 Knapp, Furn 2 Goodman, Mark 2 Elmaleh, David 3 William Strauss, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Cardiac Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 02114 Boston USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge USA  3: Section of Nuclear Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 02114 Boston USA; Source Info: Oct1985, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p156; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00251366
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gange, Richard W.
AU  - Blackett, Anthony D.
AU  - Matzinger, Ezra A.
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
AU  - Kochevar, Irene E.
T1  - Comparative Protection Efficiency of UVA- and UVB-Induced Tans Against Erythema and Formation of Endonuclease-Sensitive Sites in DNA by UVB in Human Skin.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1985/10//
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
EP  - 364
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - UVA- and UVB-induced tans which were visually identical with each other were induced in separate sites on the lower back of 5 normal human volunteers of good tanning ability. Tanning was achieved by 4 exposures to UVA and UVB administered over an 8-day period. One week after the last exposure the protection afforded by the two types of tan against UVB-induced erythema and against UVB-induced DNA damage was measured. Protection against erythema was measured by comparison of the minimal erythema doses of UVB in tanned and untanned skin. Protection against DNA damage was assessed by comparing the numbers of endonuclease-sensitive sites in epidermal DNA extracted from biopsies taken from tanned and untanned sites exposed to the same dose of UVB. The UVB tans conferred significant protection (mean 2.98-fold) against UVB-induced erythema. UVA tans were not associated with significant protection (mean 1.4-fold). In contrast, both UVA- and UVB-induced tans were associated with a similar reduction in yield of endonuclease-sensitive sites in epidermal DNA (in UVA tan to 47% and in UVB tan to 45% of the yield in untanned skin). Protection conferred by the tans against erythema was therefore not paralleled by protection against DNA damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERYTHEMA
KW  - ENDONUCLEASES
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - EPIDERMIS
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - SUNTAN
N1  - Accession Number: 12276983; Gange, Richard W. 1 Blackett, Anthony D. 2 Matzinger, Ezra A. 1 Sutherland, Betsy M. 3 Kochevar, Irene E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.  2: MoIecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmic Optics, U.M.I.S.T., Manchester M60 1QD, U.K.  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, U.S.A.; Source Info: Oct85, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p362; Subject Term: ERYTHEMA; Subject Term: ENDONUCLEASES; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: EPIDERMIS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: SUNTAN; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12276983
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lederman, Leon M.
T1  - Star Wars and Soviet technological lag.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1985/11//
VL  - 41
IS  - 10
M3  - Letter
SP  - 54
EP  - 54
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Comments on the lag in technological innovations in the Soviet Union.
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - SOVIET Union
N1  - Accession Number: 11022872; Lederman, Leon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, IL; Source Info: Nov1985, Vol. 41 Issue 10, p54; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: SOVIET Union; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Yi-Guo
AU  - Shiue, Chyng-Yann
AU  - Wolf, Alfred
AU  - Arnett, Carroll
T1  - Synthesis of 2-deoxy-2[Br]bromo- d-mannose and related compounds and their biodistributions in mice.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1985/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 252
EP  - 256
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143016; Zhou, Yi-Guo 1 Shiue, Chyng-Yann 1 Wolf, Alfred 1 Arnett, Carroll 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Source Info: Nov1985, Vol. 11 Issue 6/7, p252; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00279079
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huston, M. A.
T1  - PATTERNS OF SPECIES DIVERSITY ON CORAL REEFS.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1985/12//
VL  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 177
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Evaluates alternative explanations of the apparently general pattern of diversity in relation to depth on coral reefs.  Focus on nonequilibrium mechanisms; Analysis of the central question;  Review on the published data on the major types of biotic and abiotic disturbances on reefs; Description of experiments that address the question.
KW  - CORAL reef biology
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - SPECIES diversity
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - BIOLOGY -- Classification
KW  - CORAL reefs & islands
N1  - Accession Number: 11909642; Huston, M. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 1985, Vol. 16, p149; Subject Term: CORAL reef biology; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: SPECIES diversity; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: BIOLOGY -- Classification; Subject Term: CORAL reefs & islands; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Liaw, Mary
T1  - Forked Lightning.
JO  - Weatherwise
JF  - Weatherwise
Y1  - 1985/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 294
EP  - 341
SN  - 00431672
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor commenting on an article appearing in the June 1985 issue of 'Weatherwise' regarding forked lightning.
KW  - LIGHTNING
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC electricity
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 11390872; Liaw, Mary 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec85, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p294; Subject Term: LIGHTNING; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC electricity; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pisarski, Robert D.
T1  - Field Theory, the Renormalization Group, and Critical Phenomena (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1986/01//Jan/Feb86
VL  - 74
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 81
EP  - 82
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Field Theory, the Renormalization Group, and Critical Phenomena,' edited by Daniel J. Amit.
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - FIELD Theory, the Renormalization Group & Critical Phenomena (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11232256; Pisarski, Robert D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois; Source Info: Jan/Feb86, Vol. 74 Issue 1, p81; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: FIELD Theory, the Renormalization Group & Critical Phenomena (Book); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R. Michael
T1  - Invertebrate-Microbial Interaction (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1986/01//Jan/Feb86
VL  - 74
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 86
EP  - 86
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Invertebrate-Microbial Interactions,' edited by J.M. Anderson, A.D.M. Rayner and D.W. H. Walton.
KW  - INVERTEBRATES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - INVERTEBRATE-Microbial Interactions (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11232271; Miller, R. Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan/Feb86, Vol. 74 Issue 1, p86; Subject Term: INVERTEBRATES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: INVERTEBRATE-Microbial Interactions (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freeman, Steven E.
AU  - Gange, Richard W.
AU  - Matzinger, Ezra A.
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - Higher Pyrimidine Dimer Yields in Skin of Normal Humans with Higher UVB Sensitivity.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1986/01//
VL  - 86
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 36
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - We have measured UVB (280-320 nm)-induced DNA damage in skin of individuals with different sensitivities to UVB irradiation as measured by minimal erythema dose (MED). The DNA damage was susceptible to cleavage by <em>Micrococcus luteus</em> UV endonuclease, which recognizes pyrimidine dimers in DNA. An alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis method was used to quantitate the number of <em>M. luteus</em> UV endonuclease-sensitive sites in nonradioactive DNA from skin biopsies of 7 individuals irradiated with UVB (0-180 mJ· cm-2). The production of sites correlated well with MED (correlation coefficient = 0.78). The slope of the dose response curve for the most UVB-sensitive individual (MED = 24 mJ · cm-2) and for the least UVB-sensitive individual (MED = 146 mJ · cm-2) were 11.5 × 10-4 and 2.6 × 10-4 sites per 1000 bases per mJ·cm-2, respectively. The UVB-induced DNA damage was determined to be pyrimidine dimers by its susceptibility to cleavage by <em>M. luteus</em> UV endonuclease and its photoreactivability by <em>Escherichia coli</em> photoreactivating enzyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - PYRIMIDINES
KW  - MICROCOCCUS luteus
KW  - ENDONUCLEASES
KW  - GEL electrophoresis
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
N1  - Accession Number: 12283768; Freeman, Steven E. 1 Gange, Richard W. 2 Matzinger, Ezra A. 2 Sutherland, Betsy M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.  2: Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan1986, Vol. 86 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: PYRIMIDINES; Subject Term: MICROCOCCUS luteus; Subject Term: ENDONUCLEASES; Subject Term: GEL electrophoresis; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12283768
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Owen, Elizabeth M.
AU  - Santucci, Karen A.
T1  - COMPARISON OF YIELDS OF SEVERAL CULTIVARS OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAINFALLS.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1986/03//
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
EP  - 417
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Rainfall acidity response functions for crop yield and growth are necessary to predict the overall impacts on crop yields of ambient and/or anticipated levels of acidic rain. The experiment described herein was performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory to determine the effects of simulated rainfalls of pH 5.6, 4.4, 4.1 and 3.3 on seed yields of four cultivars of field grown soybeans. (Glycine max Merrill). Soybeans were chosen because previous results suggested that certain varieties of this crop are sensitive to rainfall acidity and because they are an economically important crop in the United States. Sixteen plots per treatment were used. Plants were grown using standard agronomic practices under automatically moveable rainfall exclusion shelters which minimized changes in the plants' microclimate. Soybeans of cv. Amsoy shielded from ambient rainfalls and exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 4.4, 4.1 and 3.3 exhibited yields that were 11'5, 10'4 and 11-7 %, respectively, below those of plants exposed to rain of pH 5.6. The comparable figures for other cultivars were as follows: Asgrow 3127-14.5, 12-2 and 9.0% ; Corsoy-13.7, 12.7 and 7.8 %; Hobbit - 9.2, 6.2 and 16.6 %. Most of the observed decreases in seed mass per plant and per unit area for these four cultivars appear to have resulted from a corresponding decrease in pod number per plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - SEEDS
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - CROP yields
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - FORAGE plants
KW  - Acidic rain
KW  - dose-response functions
KW  - glycine max.
KW  - seed yields
KW  - soybeans
N1  - Accession Number: 11921730; Evans, Lance S. 1,2 Lewin, Keith F. 1 Owen, Elizabeth M. 2 Santucci, Karen A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.  2: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York 10471, USA.; Source Info: Mar1986, Vol. 102 Issue 3, p409; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: SEEDS; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: CROP yields; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: FORAGE plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidic rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose-response functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: glycine max.; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: soybeans; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418320 Seed merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411190 Other farm product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BAME, S. J.
AU  - ANDERSON, R. C.
AU  - ASBRIDGE, J. R.
AU  - BAKER, D. N.
AU  - FELDMAN, W. C.
AU  - FUSELIER, S. A.
AU  - GOSLING, J. T.
AU  - MCCOMAS, D. J.
AU  - THOMSEN, M. F.
AU  - YOUNG, D. T.
AU  - ZWICKL, R. D.
T1  - Comet Giacobini-Zinner: Plasma Description.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1986/04/18/
VL  - 232
IS  - 4748
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
EP  - 361
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A strong interaction between the solar wind and comet Giacobini-Zinner was observed oh 11 September 1985 with the Los Alamos plasma electron experiment on the International Cometary Explorer (ICE) spacecraft. As ICE approached an intercept point 7800 kilometers behind the nucleus from the south and receded to the north, upstream phenomena due to the comet were observed. Periods of enhanced electron heat flux from the comet as well as almost continuous electron density fluctuations were measured. These effects are related to the strong electron heating observed in the cometary interaction region and to cometary ion pickup by the solar wind, respectively. No evidence for a conventional bow shock was found as ICE entered and exited the regions of strongest interaction of the solar wind with the cometary environment. The outer extent of this strong interaction zone was a transition region in which the solar wind plasma was heated, compressed, and slowed. Inside the inner boundary of the transition region was a sheath that enclosed a cold intermediate coma. In the transition region and sheath, small-scale enhancements in density were observed. These density spikes may be due to an instability associated with cometary ion pickup or to the passage of ICE through cometary ray structures. In the center of the cold intermediate coma a narrow, high-density core of plasma, presumably the developing plasma tail was found. In some ways this tail can be compared to the plasma sheet in Earth's magnetotail and to the current sheet in the tail at Venus. This type of configuration is expected in the double-lobe magnetic topology detected at the comet, possibly caused by the theoretically expected draping of the interplanetary magnetic field around its ionosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87436696; BAME, S. J. 1 ANDERSON, R. C. 1 ASBRIDGE, J. R. 1 BAKER, D. N. 1 FELDMAN, W. C. 1 FUSELIER, S. A. 1 GOSLING, J. T. 1 MCCOMAS, D. J. 1 THOMSEN, M. F. 1 YOUNG, D. T. 1 ZWICKL, R. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Califomnia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 4/18/1986, Vol. 232 Issue 4748, p356; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lederer, Hermann
AU  - May, Roland P.
AU  - Kjems, Joergen K.
AU  - Schaefer, Wolfram
AU  - Crespi, Henry L.
AU  - Heumann, Hermann
T1  - Deuterium incorporation into Escherichia coli proteins: A neutron-scattering study of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1986/05/02/
VL  - 156
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 655
EP  - 659
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Neutron small-angle scattering studies of single protein subunits in a protein-DNA complex require the adjustment of the neutron scattering-length densities of protein and DNA, which is attainable by specific deuteration of the protein. The neutron scattering densities of unlabelled DNA and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli match when RNA polymerase is isolated from cells grown in a medium containing 46% D2O and unlabelled glucose as carbon source. Their contrasts vanish simultaneously in a dialysis buffer containing 65% D2O. An expression was evaluated which allows the calculation of the degree of deuteration and match point of any E. coli protein from the D2O content of the growth medium, taking the ²H incorporation into RNA polymerase amino acids to be representative for all amino acids in E. coli proteins. The small-angle scattering results, on which the calculation of the degree of deuteration is based, were confirmed by mass spectrometric measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - PROTEINS -- Analysis
KW  - DNA synthesis
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 23471301; Lederer, Hermann 1 May, Roland P. 2 Kjems, Joergen K. 3 Schaefer, Wolfram 1 Crespi, Henry L. 4 Heumann, Hermann 1; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried bei München  2: Institut Max von Laue — Paul Langevin, Grenoble  3: Risoe National Laboratory, Roskilde  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: 5/2/86, Vol. 156 Issue 3, p655; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: PROTEINS -- Analysis; Subject Term: DNA synthesis; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - POSTMA, HERMAN
T1  - Federal Research Funding: Open Competition.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1986/05/02/
VL  - 232
IS  - 4750
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
EP  - 563
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87437258; POSTMA, HERMAN 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: 5/2/1986, Vol. 232 Issue 4750, p563; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
AU  - Krummel, John R.
T1  - Location Theory of the Nonhuman Sector.
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 1986/06//
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 189
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - The Thünen model is adapted in direct and inverse forms to analyze animal populations and their spatial structures for the cases of single point and uniform locations of food. The model emphasizes competition for territory rather than direct competition for food, with intraspecific territorial competition increasing with population density. One among a number of theoretical results is that increased availability of food increases competition costs, and there is a symmetric effect for decreases, offering a dampening or cushioning effect on population changes in response to certain environmental changes. The approach offers a simple unification of population-territory and population-population interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of the Association of American Geographers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIMALS -- Population biology
KW  - COMPETITION (Biology)
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - FOOD
KW  - THEORY
KW  - CHANGE
KW  - animal populations
KW  - competition
KW  - food resources
KW  - location theory
KW  - territoriality
KW  - Thünen model.
N1  - Accession Number: 12968710; Jones, Donald W. 1 Krummel, John R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box X, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: Jun86, Vol. 76 Issue 2, p175; Subject Term: ANIMALS -- Population biology; Subject Term: COMPETITION (Biology); Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: FOOD; Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: CHANGE; Author-Supplied Keyword: animal populations; Author-Supplied Keyword: competition; Author-Supplied Keyword: food resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: location theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: territoriality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thünen model.; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hardin, Garrett
AU  - Barnthouse, Lawrence W.
T1  - Theory and practice of environmental impact assessment.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1986/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 389
EP  - 390
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Ecology, Impact Assessment, and Environmental Planning," by Walter E. Westman.
KW  - ECOLOGICAL assessment (Biology)
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - WESTMAN, Walter
KW  - ECOLOGY, Impact Assessment & Environmental Planning (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10106277; Hardin, Garrett Barnthouse, Lawrence W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: Jun86, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p389; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL assessment (Biology); Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ECOLOGY, Impact Assessment & Environmental Planning (Book); People: WESTMAN, Walter; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyers, Eric
T1  - An Introduction to Kaluza-Klein Theories (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1986/07//Jul/Aug86
VL  - 74
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 424
EP  - 425
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'An Introduction to Kaluza-Klein Theories,' edited by H.C. Lee.
KW  - KALUZA-Klein theories
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - INTRODUCTION to Kaluza-Klein Theories, An (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11386271; Meyers, Eric 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul/Aug86, Vol. 74 Issue 4, p424; Subject Term: KALUZA-Klein theories; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: INTRODUCTION to Kaluza-Klein Theories, An (Book); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Schriesheim, Alan
T1  - Energy Research: THE SEERSUCKER THEORY.
JO  - Vital Speeches of the Day
JF  - Vital Speeches of the Day
Y1  - 1986/07//7/1/86
VL  - 52
IS  - 18
M3  - Speech
SP  - 555
EP  - 558
PB  - Pro Rhetoric, LLC
SN  - 0042742X
AB  - Presents a speech by Alan Schriesheim, director of Argonne National Laboratory, delivered at the American Power Conference in Chicago, Illinois on April 14, 1986.  Information on the Seersucker Theory on forecasting; Significance of an energy research on the economy of the U.S.; Reason for developing energy technologies.
KW  - PREDICTION theory
KW  - ENERGY research
KW  - ENERGY development
KW  - SCHRIESHEIM, Alan
N1  - Accession Number: 8600004900; Schriesheim, Alan 1; Affiliation:  1: Director, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 7/1/86, Vol. 52 Issue 18, p555; Subject Term: PREDICTION theory; Subject Term: ENERGY research; Subject Term: ENERGY development; People: SCHRIESHEIM, Alan; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Speech
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Lance S.
AU  - Sarrantonio, Mary J.
AU  - Owen, Elizabeth M.
T1  - PROTEIN CONTENTS OF SEED YIELDS OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO SIMULATED ACIDIC RAIN: ASSESSMENT OF THE SENSITIVITIES OF FOUR CULTIVARS AND EFFECTS OF DURATION OF SIMULATED RAINFALL.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1986/08//
VL  - 103
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 689
EP  - 693
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Analyses of seeds harvested from field-grown soybeans (Glycine max Merrill) demonstrated that simulated acidic rainfalls can significantly decrease total protein contents. In an experiment conducted in 1983, seed yields of plants exposed twice weekly to long duration rainfalls showed no significant differences in seed protein contents among the acidity levels tested. In contrast, significant differences in protein contents were found for seed samples from the short duration, daily rainfalls. Seeds of plants exposed to simulated rain of pH 5.6 had average protein contents of 37'9% compared with a range between 30'6 and 32.1% from plants exposed to lower pH values. Overall the protein contents of seeds of acidic rainfall treatments, expressed on a per plant basis, ranged from 23 to 34%. The results suggest that the response of soybean seed yields to acidity are affected by duration and frequency of simulated rainfalls. In the 1984 growing season, four commercial cultivars were tested under conditions of longer duration rainfalls, applied twice weekly. Significant treatment effects occurred only to the Amsoy cultivar and not to Asgrow, Corsoy or Hobbit. For the latter three cultivars the protein contents of samples were all relatively high (means were all between 35 and 39 %). The relatively low protein content of Amsoy soybeans exposed to simulated rainfalls of pH 2.7 was apparently responsible for the statistical significance among treatments. These and previous results demonstrate that rainfall acidity can significantly affect protein contents of seeds of field-grown soybeans and that effects on protein content are independent of changes in plant seed yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEED proteins
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - PLANT proteins
KW  - SEEDS
KW  - CROPS
KW  - acidic precipitation
KW  - field-grown soybeans
KW  - Glycine max.
KW  - Seed proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 11921258; Evans, Lance S. 1,2 Sarrantonio, Mary J. 1 Owen, Elizabeth M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, Bronx, New York 10471, USA.  2: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: Aug86, Vol. 103 Issue 4, p689; Subject Term: SEED proteins; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: PLANT proteins; Subject Term: SEEDS; Subject Term: CROPS; Author-Supplied Keyword: acidic precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: field-grown soybeans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycine max.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seed proteins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418320 Seed merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411190 Other farm product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnston Jr., J. William
AU  - Shriner, D. S.
T1  - YIELD RESPONSE OF DAVIS SOYBEANS TO SIMULATED ACID RAIN AND GASEOUS POLLUTANTS IN THE FIELD.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1986/08//
VL  - 103
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 695
EP  - 707
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The yield response of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Davis) to simulated acid rain in the presence of ambient or less-than-ambient levels of gaseous pollution was determined in the field. Open-top chambers were used to alter the levels of gaseous pollutants. An automatic rain simulation system was used to exclude ambient rain and apply rain simulants during natural rain events. These simulations mimicked natural rain events with respect to volume, duration, intensity and frequency. In addition, the intervals between simulated and natural rain events were the same, and therefore many of the potential experimental artifacts associated with scheduled rain simulant applications in earlier research were avoided. Variables measured in the experiment included seed, oil, and protein yield, stem weight, numbers of pods and seeds, and weight per seed. There were no statistically significant rain or chamber treatment effects on the measured variables except for weight per seed and protein yield. The presence of open-top chambers, when compared with plots without chambers, caused yield variables to be reduced 15 to 20%. There was no evidence to suggest that the response to rain acidity was affected by exposure to ambient or less-than-ambient levels of gaseous pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - OZONE
KW  - CROP yields
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - PLANT proteins
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Glycine max
KW  - open-top chamber.
KW  - ozone
KW  - soybean
KW  - yield
N1  - Accession Number: 11921461; Johnston Jr., J. William 1 Shriner, D. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.; Source Info: Aug86, Vol. 103 Issue 4, p695; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: CROP yields; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: PLANT proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycine max; Author-Supplied Keyword: open-top chamber.; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: soybean; Author-Supplied Keyword: yield; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Ambrose, K.
AU  - Goodman, M.
T1  - New radioiodinated methyl-branched fatty acids for cardiac studies.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1986/08/02/Aug1986 Supplement
VL  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - S39
EP  - S44
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154074; Knapp, F. 1 Ambrose, K. 1 Goodman, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Medicine Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831 Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Aug1986 Supplement, Vol. 12, pS39; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00258103
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dudczak, R.
AU  - Schmoliner, R.
AU  - Angelberger, P.
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Goodman, M.
T1  - Structurally modified fatty acids: Clinical potential as tracers of metabolism.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1986/08/02/Aug1986 Supplement
VL  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - S45
EP  - S48
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154073; Dudczak, R. 1 Schmoliner, R. 1 Angelberger, P. 2 Knapp, F. 3 Goodman, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Lanzarettgasse 14 A-1090 Vienna Austria  2: Research Center Seibersdorf, Seibersdorf Austria  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Aug1986 Supplement, Vol. 12, pS45; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00258104
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prueitt, Melvin L.
T1  - Bug Wars vs. Star Wars.
JO  - Futurist
JF  - Futurist
Y1  - 1986/09//Sep/Oct86
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 60
SN  - 00163317
AB  - Focuses on the impact of nuclear weapons on the future of the U.S.  Increase in the risk of obliteration; Damages due to war; Military budget.
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - WAR
KW  - BUDGET
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12548988; Prueitt, Melvin L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Member of the Motion Picture Production Group at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Sep/Oct86, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p60; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: WAR; Subject Term: BUDGET; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921130 Public Finance Activities; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Emin, David
AU  - Garfunkel, Myron P.
AU  - Levy, Moises
AU  - Nefkens, Bernard M.K.
AU  - Scher, Harvey
T1  - Theodore David Holstein.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1986/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 9
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 74
EP  - 74
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for physics professor, Theodore David Holstein.
KW  - OBITUARIES
KW  - HOLSTEIN, Theodore David
N1  - Accession Number: 13317902; Emin, David 1 Garfunkel, Myron P. 2 Levy, Moises 3 Nefkens, Bernard M.K. 4 Scher, Harvey 5; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico  2: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  3: University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin  4: University of California, Los Angeles, California  5: Standard Oil Corporate Research, Cleveland, Ohio; Source Info: Sep86, Vol. 39 Issue 9, p74; Subject Term: OBITUARIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519110 News Syndicates; People: HOLSTEIN, Theodore David; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heckrotte, Warren
T1  - A Soviet view of verification. (Cover story)
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1986/10//
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 15
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Describes the perspectives of the Soviet Union on the verification of compliance with arms control treaties, presented in the book of Roland Timerbaev titled 'Kontrol'za ogranicheniyem vooruzheniy i razoruzheniyem.'  Ideological principles of Timerbaev; Comparison of the verification of compliance between the U.S. and the Soviet Union; Three different situations that could apply for on-site inspections.
KW  - ARMS control
KW  - MILITARY policy
KW  - SOVIET Union
KW  - Influences of Other Nations on National Decisions
KW  - USSR and U.S.
KW  - TIMERBAEV, Roland
KW  - KONTROL'ZA ogranicheniyem vooruzheniy i razoruzheniyem (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11077650; Heckrotte, Warren 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct1986, Vol. 42 Issue 8, p12; Subject Term: ARMS control; Subject Term: MILITARY policy; Subject Term: SOVIET Union; Author-Supplied Keyword: Influences of Other Nations on National Decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: USSR and U.S.; Reviews & Products: KONTROL'ZA ogranicheniyem vooruzheniy i razoruzheniyem (Book); People: TIMERBAEV, Roland; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Emery, V.J.
T1  - Polymers, Liquid Crystals, and Low-Dimensional Solids (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1986/11//Nov/Dec86
VL  - 74
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 666
EP  - 666
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Polymers, Liquid Crystals, and Low-Dimensional Solids," edited by Morman March and Marco Tosi.
KW  - LIQUID crystals
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MARCH, Norman
KW  - TOSI, Marco
KW  - POLYMERS, Liquid Crystals & Low-Dimensional Solids (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12387553; Emery, V.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov/Dec86, Vol. 74 Issue 6, p666; Subject Term: LIQUID crystals; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: POLYMERS, Liquid Crystals & Low-Dimensional Solids (Book); People: MARCH, Norman; People: TOSI, Marco; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane K.
T1  - GENETICS IN CHINESE HAMSTER CELLS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1986/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 680
EP  - 682
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Molecular Cell Genetics," edited by M.M. Gottesman.
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MOLECULAR Cell Genetics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10113736; Setlow, Jane K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Nov86, Vol. 36 Issue 10, p680; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: MOLECULAR Cell Genetics (Book); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1613
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Steinberg, Meyer
T1  - Safe reactors.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1986/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 56
EP  - 57
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor published in the November 1986 issue of the 'Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,' which comments on Alvin Weinberg's article on the safety of nuclear reactors.
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - WEINBERG, Alvin
N1  - Accession Number: 11079542; Steinberg, Meyer 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov1986, Vol. 42 Issue 9, p56; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; People: WEINBERG, Alvin; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, T. M.
AU  - Goodman, P. S.
T1  - THE EFFECT OF COMPETITION ON THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF ACACIA SAVANNAS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 1986/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1031
EP  - 1044
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00220477
AB  - (1) The effect of competition on the structure and dynamics of Acacia nilotica and A. tortilis communities was examined, using nearest-neighbour analysis. There was a significant positive correlation between nearest-neighbour distance and combined canopy cover for both within- and between-species comparisons, illustrating the importance of competition in the spacing of trees. (2) To verify the findings of the nearest-neighbour analysis experimentally, the response to removal of neighbouring trees was examined for A. nilotica. Those trees whose neighbours within a 5 m radius were removed showed a significant increase in both stem diameter increment and shoot extension when compared with control trees. (3) Seedling establishment relative to canopy cover was examined in both A. nilotica and A. tortilis communities. Two 'types' of species were apparent: (i) seedling establishment associated with under-canopy environments, and (ii) seedling establishment restricted to open or between-canopy environments. (4) To examine the relationship between the spatial pattern of trees, soil moisture and nutrient availability, the slope of the regression between nearest-neighbour distance and combined canopy cover of the nearest-neighbour pair was compared with both available water capacity and total exchangeable bases for nine A. tortilis sites. There was a significant positive relationship between slope of the nearest-neighbour regression and both available water capacity and total exchangeable bases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACACIA
KW  - PLANT anatomy
KW  - PLANT development
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - FOREST dynamics
KW  - FOREST ecology
KW  - VEGETATION dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 18733014; Smith, T. M. 1,2,3 Goodman, P. S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, U.S.A  2: Centre for Resource Ecology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa  3: Department of Environmental Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia  4: Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg, Natal, South Africa; Source Info: Dec86, Vol. 74 Issue 4, p1031; Subject Term: ACACIA; Subject Term: PLANT anatomy; Subject Term: PLANT development; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: FOREST dynamics; Subject Term: FOREST ecology; Subject Term: VEGETATION dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cook, David R.
T1  - Dreaming of a White Christmas.
JO  - Weatherwise
JF  - Weatherwise
Y1  - 1986/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 310
SN  - 00431672
AB  - Assesses the chances for a snowfall during the Christmas season in various places in the United States.  National probabilities of a white Christmas; Extent of snow cover in 1985; Forecast that one-fifth of the United States will have snow during the 1986 Christmas season.
KW  - SNOW
KW  - CHRISTMAS
KW  - WINTER
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11585366; Cook, David R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Physics Program, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec86, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p308; Subject Term: SNOW; Subject Term: CHRISTMAS; Subject Term: WINTER; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 5 Maps; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sessler, Andrew M.
AU  - Vaughan, Douglas
T1  - Free-Electron Lasers.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1987/01//Jan/Feb87
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 43
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Focuses on the development of the free-electron laser.  Principles of the free-electron laser; Basic mechanism by which energy is transferred from an electron beam to a beam of coherent radiation; Evolution of ways for producing synchrotron radiation; Linac-based free-electron laser oscillator experiments; Applications of free-electron lasers.
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 11232334; Sessler, Andrew M. 1 Vaughan, Douglas 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory/Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  2: Accelerator and Fusion Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory; Source Info: Jan/Feb87, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 5 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marsh, Gerald
T1  - Skirting human error: the Navy's missile launch system.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1987/01//Jan/Feb1987
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 38
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Outlines the safeguards against human error in the U.S. Navy's missile launch system.  Alarm system activation; Separately maintained keys to complete the launch circuit; Requirement that the entire ship assume a 'launch position' in speed, depth and system line-ups; Trident missile launch sequence.
KW  - BALLISTIC missiles
KW  - ERRORS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Navy
N1  - Accession Number: 11077288; Marsh, Gerald 1; Affiliation:  1: Office of Arms Control and Defense Sciences, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan/Feb1987, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p38; Subject Term: BALLISTIC missiles; Subject Term: ERRORS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Navy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Theodore B.
T1  - Making Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence and Defense (Book).
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1987/01//Jan/Feb1987
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 54
EP  - 56
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reviews the book 'Making Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence and Defense,' by Gene Sharp.
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SHARP, Gene
KW  - MAKING Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence & Defence (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11077294; Taylor, Theodore B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan/Feb1987, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p54; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: MAKING Europe Unconquerable: The Potential of Civilian-Based Deterrence & Defence (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; People: SHARP, Gene; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ambrose, Kathleen
AU  - Owen, Bruce
AU  - Goodman, Mark
AU  - Knapp, Furn
T1  - Evaluation of the metabolism in rat hearts of two new radioiodinated 3-methyl-branched fatty acid myocardial imaging agents.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1987/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 486
EP  - 491
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143195; Ambrose, Kathleen 1 Owen, Bruce 1 Goodman, Mark 1 Knapp, Furn 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Medicine Group, Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831 Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Jan1987, Vol. 12 Issue 10, p486; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00620471
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urban, Dean L.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Shugart, Jr., Herman H.
T1  - Landscape Ecology.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 127
SN  - 00063568
AB  - The study of landscape, its spatial patterns and how they develop, is a new discipline in the field of ecology, with emphasis on forested landscapes. The authors present a theory of landscape ecology that employs a hierarchical paradigm of pattern and behavior. Landscape ecology is motivated by a need to understand the development and dynamics of pattern in ecological phenomena. Landscapes develop as the components of pattern. The complexity of landscape pattern is organized such that the component events and patches occur at characteristic scales that are positively correlated in time and space. Vegetation patterns can be resolved on different scales. Hierarchy theory is concerned with systems that have a certain type of organized complexity. The authors constructed a four-level hierarchy to represent a forest. The authors consider man's influence on the characteristic scales of landscape phenomena.
KW  - LANDSCAPE ecology
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - ECOLOGY -- Study & teaching
KW  - POPULATION biology
KW  - FRAGMENTED landscapes
N1  - Accession Number: 8700006727; Urban, Dean L. 1 O'Neill, Robert V. 2 Shugart, Jr., Herman H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Research associate is the Corcoran Professor of Environmental Sciences in the Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903  2: Corcoran Professor of Environmental Sciences in the Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903  3: Senior research ecologist in the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: Feb1987, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p119; Subject Term: LANDSCAPE ecology; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: ECOLOGY -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: POPULATION biology; Subject Term: FRAGMENTED landscapes; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 7141
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraft, R.
AU  - Bachmann, Marlies
AU  - Bachmann, K.
AU  - Buerki, H.
AU  - Hess, M. W.
AU  - Cottier, H.
AU  - Stoner, R. D.
T1  - Satisfactory primary tetanus antitoxin responses but markedly reduced germinal centre formation in first draining lymph nodes of ageing mice.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 67
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 453
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00099104
AB  - The present report deals with primary antibody responses to tetanus toxoid in 50-54-week-old ('ageing') as compared to 8-9-week-old ('young adult') mice. Antitoxin in the serum appeared 6 days earlier in the older than in the young animals, but in the latter reached 5 times higher titres on day 20. The magnitude of the proliferative response in the paracortex and the medulla of popliteal lymph nodes, as estimated by combined 3H-thymidine autoradiography and planimetry, was 3-7 limes greater in the younger than in the older age group, thus approximately reflecting the difference in antibody titres on day 20. In contrast, germinal centre formation in response to the stimulus proved to be about 14 times less in ageing than in young adult mice. The findings demonstrate that, in the model system used, the age-related slopes of decline in humoral antibody responsiveness and proliferative reactivity in paracortex and medulla of first regional lymph nodes tend lobe in parallel, while the ability of the immune apparatus to form germinal centres at this site deteriorates al a considerably faster pace. Results are also in line with the notion that centroblasts/centrocytes contribute little, if anything, to the ongoing antibody production elicited by the same stimulus which had triggered germinal centre formation. Finally, the observations made disprove the general validity of the suggestion that immune reactivity is maintained on the same level throughout life if tested with a novel antigen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical & Experimental Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYMPH nodes
KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
KW  - LYMPHOID tissue
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM diseases
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - ageing
KW  - antibody responses
KW  - germinal centres
KW  - tetanus antitoxin
N1  - Accession Number: 16002705; Kraft, R. 1 Bachmann, Marlies 1 Bachmann, K. 1 Buerki, H. 1 Hess, M. W. Cottier, H. 1 Stoner, R. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland, and Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: Feb1987, Vol. 67 Issue 2, p447; Subject Term: LYMPH nodes; Subject Term: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; Subject Term: LYMPHOID tissue; Subject Term: CLOSTRIDIUM diseases; Subject Term: BLOOD plasma; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ageing; Author-Supplied Keyword: antibody responses; Author-Supplied Keyword: germinal centres; Author-Supplied Keyword: tetanus antitoxin; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gligor, Virgil D.
AU  - Bailey, David J.
T1  - Guest Editor's Note.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 127
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Concerns for computer security and privacy appeared during the first decade following the development and use of digital computers. However, it is only recently that these concerns have gained recognition as separate disciplines of serious intellectual challenge. Many of the security and privacy developments can be linked directly both to the hardware and to the operating systems advances. The concepts of information security and privacy were limited to communications and were focused rather narrowly on use of physical security, of equipment shielding and of cryptographic techniques in special applications.
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - DATA protection
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14412222; Gligor, Virgil D. 1 Bailey, David J. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Maryland, College Park  2: Assistant Division Leader, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb87, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p125; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: SECURITY systems; Subject Term: DATA protection; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nessett, Dan M.
T1  - Factors Affecting Distributed System Security.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 248
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Recent work examining distributed system security requirements is critiqued. A notion of trust based on distributed system topology and distributed system node evaluation levels proposed in that work is shown to be deficient. The notion fails to make allowances for the distributed system physical security environment, security factors related to the management of distributed systems by more than one jurisdictive authority, and the interactions that can occur between nodes supporting different mandatory and discretionary security mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - FAULT-tolerant computing
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - computer security
KW  - distributed sysetms
KW  - distributed system security
KW  - heterogeneity.
KW  - Index Terms: Computer communications security
N1  - Accession Number: 14412232; Nessett, Dan M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, CA 94550; Source Info: Feb87, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p233; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED computing; Subject Term: SECURITY systems; Subject Term: FAULT-tolerant computing; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer security; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed sysetms; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed system security; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Index Terms: Computer communications security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 8 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, Judy H.
AU  - Simmons, Gustavus J.
T1  - Cycle Structure of the DES for Keys Having Palindromic (or Antipalindromic) Sequences of Round Keys.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 1987/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
EP  - 273
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Certain DES keys have been called weak or semiweak based upon the number of distinct round keys which they produce. For the weak keys, all 16 round keys are identical and encryption is the same as decryption. For the semiweak keys, there are only two distinct round keys but no specific weakness of the DES with these keys has been demonstrated. In this paper, a subcollection of these keys, those whit a palindromic sequence of round keys, which are the weak keys, and those with an antipalindromic sequence of round keys, which are part of the semi- weak keys, are considered. The results presented hell) to identify the weaknesses of these keys. Each class of keys considered has an associated set of distinguished points. In the palindromic case, each key has 232 messages which are fixed under DES encryption. Encryption with a key having an antipalindromic sequence of round keys will yield the complement for 232 plaintext messages. Exploiting the existence of the distinguished points, an in-depth analysis of some interesting cycle structures for these keys is presented. For the weak keys, the nature of Coppersmith cycles, which always contain fixed points and are obtained by alternately encrypting with a weak key and its complement, is disclosed. For the remaining keys, the cycles obtained by repeated encryptions with the same key, appear to be small and display considerable symmetry with respect to a message and its complement. Examples of degenerate cases of all of these cycles are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER network security
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - cycle testing
KW  - data encryption standard (DES)
KW  - fixed points and antifixed points
KW  - Index Terms: Cryptography
KW  - palindromic and antipalindromic sequences of round keys
KW  - weak and semiweak keys
N1  - Accession Number: 14412234; Moore, Judy H. 1 Simmons, Gustavus J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics, Sandia National Laboratories, NM 87185; Source Info: Feb87, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p262; Subject Term: COMPUTER network security; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: cycle testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: data encryption standard (DES); Author-Supplied Keyword: fixed points and antifixed points; Author-Supplied Keyword: Index Terms: Cryptography; Author-Supplied Keyword: palindromic and antipalindromic sequences of round keys; Author-Supplied Keyword: weak and semiweak keys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solomon, Jean A.
AU  - Walne, Patricia L.
AU  - Kivic, Peter A.
T1  - <em>ENTOSIPHON SULCATUM</em> (EUGLENOPHYCEAE): FLAGELLAR ROOTS OF THE BASAL BODY COMPLEX AND RESERVOIR REGION.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1987/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 98
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The flagellar root system of Entosiphon sulcatum (Dujardin) Stein (Euglenophyceae) is described and compared with kinetoplastid and other euglenoid systems. An asymmetric pattern of three microtubular roots, one between the two flagellar basal bodies and one on either side (here called the intermediate, dorsal, and ventral roots), is consistent within the euglenoid fiagellates studied thus far. The dorsal root is associated with the basal body of the anterior fiagellum (F[SUB1]) and lies on the left dorsal side of the basal body complex. Originating between the two fiagellar basal bodies, and associated with the basal body of the trailing fiageUum (F[SUB2]), the intermediate root is morphologically distinguished by fibrils interconnecting the individual microtubules to one another and to the overlying reservoir membrane. The intermediate root is often borne on a ridge projecting into the reservoir. The ventral root originates near the F[SUB2] basal body and lies on the right ventral side of the cell. Fibrillar connections link the membrane of F[SUB2] with the reservoir membrane at the reservoircanal transition level. A large cross-banded fiber joins the two flagellar basal bodies, and a series of smaller striated fibers links the anterior accessory and flagellar basal bodies. Large nonstriated fibers extend from the basal body complex posteriorly into the cytoplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EUGLENOIDS
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - ULTRASTRUCTURE (Biology)
KW  - PHYTOPLANKTON
KW  - Bodonids
KW  - euglenoids
KW  - flagellar roots
KW  - kinetoplastids
KW  - phylogeny
KW  - trypanosomes
KW  - ultrastructure
N1  - Accession Number: 10974274; Solomon, Jean A. 1,2 Walne, Patricia L. 3 Kivic, Peter A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Botany, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.  2: Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  3: Department  of Botany and Program, Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.; Source Info: Mar1987, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: EUGLENOIDS; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: ULTRASTRUCTURE (Biology); Subject Term: PHYTOPLANKTON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bodonids; Author-Supplied Keyword: euglenoids; Author-Supplied Keyword: flagellar roots; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetoplastids; Author-Supplied Keyword: phylogeny; Author-Supplied Keyword: trypanosomes; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultrastructure; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10974274
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharples, Frances E.
T1  - THE CIVIL LIBERTIES OF SCIENCE.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1987/04//
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 285
EP  - 286
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Cloning and the Constitution: An Inquiry into Governmental Policymaking and Genetic Experimentation," by Ira H. Carmen.
KW  - CLONING
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CARMEN, Ira
KW  - CLONING & the Constitution (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10103279; Sharples, Frances E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: Apr87, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p285; Subject Term: CLONING; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: CLONING & the Constitution (Book); People: CARMEN, Ira; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1064
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freeman, Steven E.
AU  - Gange, Richard W.
AU  - Sutherland, John C.
AU  - Matzinger, Ezra A.
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - Production of Pyrimidine Dimers in DNA of Human Skin Exposed In Situ to UVA Radiation.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1987/04//
VL  - 88
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 430
EP  - 433
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers, measured as sites recognized by the dimer-specific ultraviolet (UV) endonuclease from <em>Micrococcus luteus</em>, were produced in DNA of human skin exposed in situ to UVA (320-400 nm) radiation. The dimer yields produced by a broadband UVA source, by broadband UVA filtered to remove all light of wavelength less than 340 nm, and by narrow band radiation centered at 365 nm were similar, indicating that UVA radiation, and not stray shorter wavelength radiation, was responsible for dimer production. The identity of the UVA-induced DNA lesions was confirmed as pyrimidine dimers by photoreactivation of approximately 100% of the endonuclease-sensitive sites in vitro with the 40,000 dalton <em>Escherichia coli</em> photoreactivating enzyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYRIMIDINES
KW  - SKIN
KW  - DNA
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 12469778; Freeman, Steven E. 1 Gange, Richard W. 2 Sutherland, John C. 3 Matzinger, Ezra A. 2 Sutherland, Betsy M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lovelace Medical Foundation, Research Division, 2425 Ridgecrest Drive, S.E., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108.  2: Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital (RWG, EAM), Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. A.  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York; Source Info: Apr87, Vol. 88 Issue 4, p430; Subject Term: PYRIMIDINES; Subject Term: SKIN; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12469778
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shahak, Yosepha
AU  - Hind, Geoffrey
AU  - Padan, Etana
T1  - The site of inhibition of the chloroplast electron-transport system by 2,3-dithiopropan-1-ol (BAL).
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1987/04/15/
VL  - 164
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
EP  - 460
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - BAL (2,3-dithiopropan-l-ol) treatment of chloroplasts has previously been reported to induce a block in electron transport from water to NADP+ at a site preceding plastocyanin [Belkin et al. (1980) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 766, 563–569]. In the present work the block was further characterized. The following properties of BAL treatment are described. a) Inhibition of electron transport from water to lipophilic acceptors but not to silicomolybdate. b) Inhibition of the slow, sigmoidal phase of chlorophyll a fluorescence induction. c) Inability of N,N,N′,N′,-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine to bypass the inhibition of NADP+ photoreduction with water as the electron donor. d) Inhibition of electron transport from externally added quinols to NADP+. e) Inhibition of cytochrome f reduction by photosystem II, but not its oxidation by photosystem I. f) Inhibition of cytochrome b6 turnover and cytochrome f rereduction after single-turnover flash illumination under cyclic electron-flow conditions. The BAL-induced block is therefore located between the secondary quinone acceptor (QB) and the cytochrome b6 f complex. It was further found that (a) the isolated cytochrome complex is not inhibited after BAL treatment; (b) BAL-reacted plastoquinone-1 inhibits electron transport in chloroplasts; (c) BAL does not inhibit electron transport in chromatophores of Rhodospirilum rubrum or Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. It is suggested that the inhibition of electron transport in chloroplasts results from specific reaction of BAL with the endogenous plastoquinone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MEDICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13854090; Shahak, Yosepha 1 Hind, Geoffrey 2 Padan, Etana 3; Affiliation:  1: Biochemistry Department, Wiezmann Institute of Science, Rehovot  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  3: Division of Microbial and Molecular Ecology, The Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem; Source Info: 4/15/87, Vol. 164 Issue 2, p453; Subject Term: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: MEDICAL sciences; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - RUSSELL, MILTON
AU  - GRUBER, MICHAEL
T1  - Risk Assessment in Environmental Policy-Making.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/04/17/
VL  - 236
IS  - 4799
M3  - Article
SP  - 286
EP  - 290
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Environmental policy-making has become more dependent on formal, quantitative risk assessment because of increasing attention to the prevention of human health damage from toxic chemicals. Risk assessment helps set priorities for regulation of the very large numbers of chemicals that are of potential concern and helps direct limited social and government resources against the most significant risks. Although the scientific basis for risk assessment is often uncertain and the public and its representatives have often been confused by its use in regulatory decisions, the U.S. Environmental Protecion Agency currently uses a variety of risk assm ent techniques to set priorities, tailor regulations, and make decisions at particular sites. The Environmental Protection Agency also attempts to make the practice of risk assessment more consistent throughout the agency and to improve public understanding of the meaning of risk assessment and risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 87461399; RUSSELL, MILTON 1,2 GRUBER, MICHAEL 3; Affiliation:  1: Assistant Administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Ancy, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460  2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  3: Officc of Solid Waste, U.S. Environmcntal Protection Agency, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460; Source Info: 4/17/1987, Vol. 236 Issue 4799, p286; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heiken, Grant
T1  - Mount Etna (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1987/05//May/Jun87
VL  - 75
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 296
EP  - 296
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book `Mount Etna: The Anatomy of a Volcano,' by D.K. Chester, A.M. Duncan, J.E. Guest and C.R.J. Kilburn.
KW  - VOLCANOES
KW  - CHESTER, D. K.
KW  - DUNCAN, A. M.
KW  - GUEST, J. E.
KW  - KILBURN, C. R. J.
KW  - MOUNT Etna (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11231110; Heiken, Grant 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Space Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: May/Jun87, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p296; Subject Term: VOLCANOES; Reviews & Products: MOUNT Etna (Book); People: CHESTER, D. K.; People: DUNCAN, A. M.; People: GUEST, J. E.; People: KILBURN, C. R. J.; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pilat, Joseph F.
T1  - COUNSELS OF WAR (Book).
JO  - Society
JF  - Society
Y1  - 1987/05//May/Jun87
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 85
EP  - 88
SN  - 01472011
AB  - Reviews the book "Counsels of War," by Gregg Herken.
KW  - WAR
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HERKEN, Gregg
KW  - COUNSELS of War (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10979124; Pilat, Joseph F. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Staff member, Center for National Security Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Senior research associate, Library of Congress; Source Info: May/Jun87, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p85; Subject Term: WAR; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: COUNSELS of War (Book); People: HERKEN, Gregg; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutton, Ann
AU  - Sieburth, Leslie E.
AU  - Bennett, John
T1  - Light-dependent accumulation and localization of photosystem II proteins in maize.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1987/05/04/
VL  - 164
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 571
EP  - 578
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - We have raised antibodies against several major components of photosystem II. These antisera, which are directed against the apoproteins of two chlorophyll-binding proteins (CPa-1 and CPa-2), the apoprotein of lightharvesting complex II and the 33-kDa extrinsic protein of the oxygen-evolving complex, were used to examine the light regulation of photosystem II assembly in maize. The principal findings of this study are as follows. 1. The 33-kDa protein is present in dark-grown maize and the content increases 5-10-fold upon illumination. 2. The level of the protein is mediated at least in part by phytochrome and is independent of the accumulation of chlorophyll. 3. In contrast, none of the three chlorophyll-binding proteins examined was detectable in leaves of maize grown in darkness or under other light regimes where chlorophyll does not accumulate. 4. Even in the absence of photosystem II assembly, the 33-kDa protein is properly transported across the thylakoid into the lumen. However, the protein does not attach in the normal way to the inner surface of the membrane under these conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - CORN
KW  - FORAGE plants
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
N1  - Accession Number: 13802254; Sutton, Ann 1 Sieburth, Leslie E. 1 Bennett, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 5/4/87, Vol. 164 Issue 3, p571; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Subject Term: CORN; Subject Term: FORAGE plants; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111150 Corn Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GATEWOOD, J. M.
AU  - COOK, G. R.
AU  - BALHORN, R.
AU  - BRADBURY, E. M.
AU  - SCHMID, C. W.
T1  - Sequence-Specific Packaging of DNA in Human Sperm Chromatin.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/05/22/
VL  - 236
IS  - 4804
M3  - Article
SP  - 962
EP  - 964
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The DNA in human sperm chromatin is packaged into nucleoprotamine (-85%) and nudeohistone (-15%). Whether these two chromatin fractions are sequence-specific subsets of the spermatozoon genome is the question addressed in this report. Sequence-specific packaging would suggest distinct structural and functional roles for the nudeohistone and nucleoprotamine in late spermatogenesis or early development or both. After removal of histones with 0.65M NaCl, exposed DNA was cleaved with Bam HI restriction endonuclease and separated by centifugation from insoluble nucleoprotamine. The DNA sequence distribution of nucleohistone DNA in the supernatant and nucleoprotamine DNA in the peilet was compared by cloning sizeselected single-copy sequences and by using the derived dones as probes of nucleohistone DNA and nudeoprotamine DNA. Two dones derived from nudeohistone DNA preferentially hybridized to nucleohistone DNA, and two clones derived from nucleoprotamine DNA preferentiafly hybridized to nucleoprotamine DNA, which demonstrated the existence of sequence-specific nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine components within the human spermatozoon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84692498; GATEWOOD, J. M. 1 COOK, G. R. 2 BALHORN, R. 3 BRADBURY, E. M. 2 SCHMID, C. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616  2: Department of Biological Chemistry School of Medicine, university of California, Davis, CA 95616  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 5/22/1987, Vol. 236 Issue 4804, p962; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BJORKEN, JAMES D.
T1  - The Particle Hunters.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/05/22/
VL  - 236
IS  - 4804
M3  - Article
SP  - 999
EP  - 999
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 84692526; BJORKEN, JAMES D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: 5/22/1987, Vol. 236 Issue 4804, p999; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STEINBERG, MEYER
T1  - Plutonium Recycling.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/08/14/
VL  - 237
IS  - 4816
M3  - Article
SP  - 708
EP  - 708
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 87519536; STEINBERG, MEYER 1; Affiliation:  1: Process Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Associated Universities, Inc., Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 8/14/1987, Vol. 237 Issue 4816, p708; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carpenter, Arvind V.
AU  - Flanders, W. Dana
AU  - Frome, Edward L.
AU  - Cole, Philip
AU  - Fry, Shirley A.
T1  - Brain Cancer and Nonoccupational Risk Factors: A Case-Control Study among Workers at Two Nuclear Facilities.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1987/09//
VL  - 77
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1180
EP  - 1182
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Abstract:  In a nested case-control study of nuclear workers, 82 brain cancer cases were compared with 328 matched controls to investigate the possible association with nonoccupational risk factors such as histories of epilepsy or head injury. We observed a moderately strong association between brain cancer occurrence and history of epilepsy (OR = 5.7, 95 per cent CI: 1.0, 32.1), but did not find a positive association with previous head injury (OR = 0.9, 95 per cent CI: 0.2, 4.2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMPLOYEES
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - BRAIN diseases
KW  - EPILEPSY
KW  - BRAIN -- Wounds & injuries
KW  - CANCER -- Study & teaching
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - RACE
KW  - TENNESSEE
N1  - Accession Number: 4949796; Carpenter, Arvind V. 1 Flanders, W. Dana 2 Frome, Edward L. 3 Cole, Philip 4 Fry, Shirley A. 5; Affiliation:  1: Epidemiologist, Center for Epidemiologic Research, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, P.O. Box 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  2: Medical Epidemiologist with CDC, Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta  3: Statistician, Mathematics and Statistics Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  4: Professor and Chairman, Department of Epidemiology, UAB School of Public Health, Birmingham  5: Director, Center for Epidemiologic Research, Oak Ridge Associated Universities; Source Info: Sep87, Vol. 77 Issue 9, p1180; Subject Term: EMPLOYEES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: BRAIN diseases; Subject Term: EPILEPSY; Subject Term: BRAIN -- Wounds & injuries; Subject Term: CANCER -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: RACE; Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLerran, Larry
AU  - Svetitsky, Benjamin
T1  - Making a Quark Plasma.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1987/09//Sep/Oct87
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 490
EP  - 496
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Describes steps in making a quark plasma.  Effect of compressing or heating nuclear matter; Sources of quark matter; Examples of a high-density system; Effect of high-energy nuclear collisions; Mechanics of quantum chromodynamics; Effect of rare fluctuations in proton-proton and proton-antiproton collisions of producing a quark-gluon plasma.
KW  - QUARK-gluon plasma
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11317765; McLerran, Larry 1 Svetitsky, Benjamin 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory  2: MIT; Source Info: Sep/Oct87, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p490; Subject Term: QUARK-gluon plasma; Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ambrose, Kathleen
AU  - Rice, Dennis
AU  - Goodman, Mark
AU  - Knapp, F.
T1  - Effect of 3-methyl-branching on the metabolism in rat hearts of radioiodinated iodovinyl long chain fatty acids.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1987/10//
VL  - 13
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
EP  - 379
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143381; Ambrose, Kathleen 1 Rice, Dennis 1 Goodman, Mark 1 Knapp, F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Medicine Group, Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6022 Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Oct1987, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p374; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00252999
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abdel-Salam, M.
AU  - Mayall, B. H.
AU  - Hansen, L. S.
AU  - Chew, K. L.
AU  - Greenspan, J. S.
T1  - Nuclear DNA analysis of oral hyperplasia and dysplasia using image cytometry.
JO  - Journal of Oral Pathology
JF  - Journal of Oral Pathology
Y1  - 1987/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 435
SN  - 03009777
AB  - We investigated the value of image analysis in discriminating among oral white lesions with hyperplasia without dysplasia and oral white or white-and-red lesions with moderate or severe dysplasia. Normal oral epithelial tissue was used as a control. Image analysis was applied to 5 μm formalin-fixed sections stained with the azure A-Feulgen reaction for neuclear DNA. For 150-200 cells from each section, 5 neuclear variable were assessed: area, form factor,total stain, average stain and ellipticity. For each variable, 2 measurements were obtained, the mean and the interquartile range, and were used for stepwise discriminant analsysis. Using this test, a model of 3 measurements with the most discriminanting power was developed. When the jackknife classification test was applied to this model, we could discriminate with 81% accuracy between the 4 groups of tissue studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Oral Pathology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - HYPERPLASIA
KW  - DYSPLASIA
KW  - CYTOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11506335; Abdel-Salam, M. 1 Mayall, B. H. 2,3 Hansen, L. S. 4 Chew, K. L. 2,3 Greenspan, J. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Divisions of Oral Biology, Livermore,  California.  2: Lawrence Livermore National  Laboratory,  Livermore,  California.  3: Department of Laboratory  Medicine,  University of  California, San  Francisco, U.S.A.  4: Division of OraI Pathology, Department of  Stomatology, Livermore,  California.; Source Info: Oct87, Vol. 16 Issue 9, p431; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: HYPERPLASIA; Subject Term: DYSPLASIA; Subject Term: CYTOMETRY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1600-0714.ep11506335
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crabb, D.G.
T1  - Elementary Particles (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1987/11//Nov/Dec87
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 632
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book 'Elementary Particles,' 2nd ed., edited by I.S. Hughes.
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ELEMENTARY Particles (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11231232; Crabb, D.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Michigan; Source Info: Nov/Dec87, Vol. 75 Issue 6, p632; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ELEMENTARY Particles (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodhead, Avril D.
AU  - WOODHEAD, AVRIL D.
T1  - UNDERSTANDING UV .
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1987/11//
VL  - 37
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 737
EP  - 737
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Solar-UV Actions on Living Cells," by John Jagger.
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - JAGGER, John
KW  - SOLAR-UV Actions on Living Cells (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10114146; Woodhead, Avril D. 1 WOODHEAD, AVRIL D.; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: Nov87, Vol. 37 Issue 10, p737; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: SOLAR-UV Actions on Living Cells (Book); People: JAGGER, John; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rayner, Steve
T1  - Language and the Nuclear Arms Debate: Nukespeak Today (Book).
JO  - Sociological Review
JF  - Sociological Review
Y1  - 1987/11//
VL  - 35
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 884
EP  - 888
SN  - 00380261
AB  - Reviews the book "Language and the Nuclear Arms Debate: Nukespeak Today," edited by Paul Chilton.
KW  - LANGUAGE & languages
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CHILTON, Paul
KW  - LANGUAGE & the Nuclear Arms Debate: Nukespeak Today (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 5474554; Rayner, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Source Info: Nov87, Vol. 35 Issue 4, p884; Subject Term: LANGUAGE & languages; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: LANGUAGE & the Nuclear Arms Debate: Nukespeak Today (Book); People: CHILTON, Paul; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1111/1467-954X.ep5474554
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joel, D. D.
AU  - Chanana, A. D.
T1  - Distribution of lung-associated lymphocytes from the caudal mediastinal lymph node: effect of antigen.
JO  - Immunology
JF  - Immunology
Y1  - 1987/12//
VL  - 62
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 641
EP  - 646
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00192805
AB  - Lymphocytes from the efferent lymph of the caudal mediastinal lymph node (CMLN) were labelled in vitro with 125I-iododeoxyuridine [125I]UdR and Na251CrO4. The labelled cells were re-infused i.v. and their distribution in organs/tissues was determined 20-24 hr later. As indicated by tissue 125I-activity, pulmonary lymphoblasts had a marked tendency to relocate in the lung, regional pulmonary lymph nodes and spleen. Localization of efferent CMLN lymphoblasts was greater in antigenically stimulated segments compared to unstimulated segments of the lung. Dual antigen experiments indicated that the increased localization was not specific for the antigen which stimulated production of lymphoblasts used for in vitro labelling and rein fusion. Intranodal labelling of blasts by the direct injection of [125I]UdR supported the results obtained from in vitro labelling. In these studies, comparisons were made with the localization of lymphocytes obtained from thoracic duct lymph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - MEDIASTINUM
KW  - CHEST (Anatomy)
KW  - LYMPH nodes
KW  - LYMPHATICS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - IMMUNITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14014691; Joel, D. D. 1 Chanana, A. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec87, Vol. 62 Issue 4, p641; Subject Term: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject Term: MEDIASTINUM; Subject Term: CHEST (Anatomy); Subject Term: LYMPH nodes; Subject Term: LYMPHATICS; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: IMMUNITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CAPEL, M. S.
AU  - ENGELMAN, D. M.
AU  - FREEBORN, B. R.
AU  - KJELDGAARD, M.
AU  - LANGER, J. A.
AU  - RAMAKRISHNAN, V.
AU  - SCHINDLER, D. G.
AU  - SCHNEIDER, D. K.
AU  - SCHOENBORN, B. P.
AU  - SILLERS, I.-Y.
AU  - YABUKI, S.
AU  - Moore, P. B.
T1  - A Complete Mapping of the Proteins in the Small Ribosomal Subunit of Escherichia coli.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 1987/12/04/
VL  - 238
IS  - 4832
M3  - Article
SP  - 1403
EP  - 1406
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The relative positions of the centers of mass of the 21 proteins of the 30S ribosomal subunit from Escherchia coli have been determined by triangulation using neutron scattering data. The resulting map of the quaternary structure of the small ribosomal subunit is presented, and comparisons are made with structural data from other sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 84692565; CAPEL, M. S. 1 ENGELMAN, D. M. 2 FREEBORN, B. R. 3 KJELDGAARD, M. 3 LANGER, J. A. 2 RAMAKRISHNAN, V. 1 SCHINDLER, D. G. 2 SCHNEIDER, D. K. 1 SCHOENBORN, B. P. 1 SILLERS, I.-Y. 3 YABUKI, S. 3 Moore, P. B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511  3: Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511; Source Info: 12/ 4/1987, Vol. 238 Issue 4832, p1403; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Ashenhurst, Robert L.
AU  - Max, Nelson L.
T1  - ETA Still Off-Course.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1988/01//
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor focusing on the article "Profiles in Computing" depicting the quality of the computer programming in the airline industry that was published in the October 1987 issue of the periodical.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COMPUTER programming
N1  - Accession Number: 17914536; Ashenhurst, Robert L. Max, Nelson L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550.; Source Info: Jan1988, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p5; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slosman, Daniel
AU  - Davidson, Dennis
AU  - Brill, Aaron
AU  - Alderson, Philip
T1  - I-metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake in the isolated rat lung: A potential marker of endothelial cell function.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1988/01//
VL  - 13
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
EP  - 547
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71143440; Slosman, Daniel 1 Davidson, Dennis Brill, Aaron 2 Alderson, Philip 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Medical Department, Upton USA; Source Info: Jan1988, Vol. 13 Issue 10, p543; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00256632
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Bond, Peter
AU  - Weneser, Joseph
T1  - Arthur Schwarzschild.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/01//
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 106
EP  - 108
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for research scientist Arthur Schwarzschild who died on August 13, 1987 due to cancer.
KW  - DEATH
KW  - SCHWARZSCHILD, Arthur
N1  - Accession Number: 11709881; Bond, Peter 1 Weneser, Joseph; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: Jan88, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p106; Subject Term: DEATH; People: SCHWARZSCHILD, Arthur; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Peng, Jen-Chieh
AU  - Sunier, Jules W.
AU  - Brown, Ronald E.
AU  - Drake, Darrell M.
T1  - Nelson Stein.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/01//
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 108
EP  - 108
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for nuclear physicist Nelson Stein who died on April 23, 1987.
KW  - DEATH
KW  - STEIN, Nelson
N1  - Accession Number: 11709882; Peng, Jen-Chieh 1 Sunier, Jules W. 1 Brown, Ronald E. 1 Drake, Darrell M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Jan88, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p108; Subject Term: DEATH; People: STEIN, Nelson; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Rozsnyai, Balazs
AU  - Bloom, Stewart
T1  - Abraham Goldberg.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/01//
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 108
EP  - 108
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for physicist Abraham Goldberg who died on March 20, 1987.
KW  - DEATH
KW  - GOLDBERG, Abraham
N1  - Accession Number: 11709883; Rozsnyai, Balazs 1 Bloom, Stewart 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: Jan88, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p108; Subject Term: DEATH; People: GOLDBERG, Abraham; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, John
AU  - Shaw, Elizabeth K.
AU  - Michel, Hanspeter
T1  - Cytochrome <em>b</em>6<em>f</em> complex is required for phosphorylation of light-harvesting chlorophyll <em>a/b</em> complex II in chloroplast photosynthetic membranes.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1988/01/15/
VL  - 171
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 100
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex (LHC II) and four photosystem II (PS II) core proteins (8.3, 32, 34 and 44 kDa) become phosphorylated in response to reduction of the intersystem electron transport chain of green plant chloroplasts. Previous studies indicated that reduction of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool is the key event in kinase activation. However, we show here that, unlike PSII proteins, LHC II is phosphorylated only when the cytochrome b6f complex is active. Two lines of evidence support this conclusion. (1) 2,5-Dibromo-3-methyl-6- isopropyl-p-benzoquinone (DBMIB) and the 2,4-dinitrophenyl ether of iodonitrothymol (DNP-INT), which are known to block electron flow into the cytochrome complex, selectively inhibit LHC II phosphorylation in spinach thylakoids. (2) The hcf6 mutant of maize, which contains PQ but lacks the cytochrome b6f complex, phosphorylates the four PS II proteins but fails to phosphorylate LHC II in vivo or in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15818274; Bennett, John 1 Shaw, Elizabeth K. 1 Michel, Hanspeter 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: 1/15/88, Vol. 171 Issue 1/2, p95; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Schriesheim, Alan
T1  - Focus on superconductivity.
JO  - Vital Speeches of the Day
JF  - Vital Speeches of the Day
Y1  - 1988/01/15/
VL  - 54
IS  - 7
M3  - Speech
SP  - 200
EP  - 202
PB  - Pro Rhetoric, LLC
SN  - 0042742X
AB  - Presents a speech by Alan Schriesheim, director of Argonne National Laboratory, delivered at the Institutional Investor Institute's Annual Chief Investment Officers' Roundtable in Naples, Florida on November 20, 1987.  Variables involved in investment planning for superconductivity; Significance of superconductivity in power generation; Effect of the ability of superconducting coils to store energy on power plants.
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - SCHRIESHEIM, Alan
N1  - Accession Number: 8800005361; Schriesheim, Alan 1; Affiliation:  1: Director of Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 1/15/88, Vol. 54 Issue 7, p200; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production; Subject Term: POWER plants; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; People: SCHRIESHEIM, Alan; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Speech
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warner, Stephanie C.
AU  - Aldrich, Timothy E.
T1  - The Status of Cancer Cluster Investigations Undertaken by State Health Departments.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1988/03//
VL  - 78
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 307
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Abstract: A survey of state health departments indicates the number of cancer cluster reports received is associated with the size of the state, the presence of a population-based tumor registry, and the existence of a centralized system for response. Cancer cluster investigations, have generally been unproductive in terms of etiologic discoveries yet they may have important benefits in terms of public education, allaying public anxiety about environmental concerns and engendering good will toward government agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - DISEASES -- Causes & theories of causation
KW  - GOVERNMENT agencies
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - DISEASES
KW  - EDUCATION
KW  - STATES (Political subdivisions)
N1  - Accession Number: 4685195; Warner, Stephanie C. 1 Aldrich, Timothy E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Michigan Department of Health and Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar88, Vol. 78 Issue 3, p306; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: DISEASES -- Causes & theories of causation; Subject Term: GOVERNMENT agencies; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: DISEASES; Subject Term: EDUCATION; Subject Term: STATES (Political subdivisions); NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921190 Other General Government Support; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913910 Other local, municipal and regional public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911910 Other federal government public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923110 Administration of Education Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611710 Educational Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Russell, Milton
T1  - BEYOND THE 1990s.
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 1988/03//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Letter
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - Presents a response by Milton Russell to letters to the editor about his article "Environmental Protection for the 1990s -- and Beyond," in the September 1987 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
N1  - Accession Number: 13277031; Russell, Milton 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar1988, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p5; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Brown, Bruce C.
T1  - Mendel and the SSC: Two p's in a Pod.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/03//
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 14
EP  - 15
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor discussing the Mendelianum, a Czechoslovakian musum devoted to the history of the laws of heredity by Gregor Mendel.
KW  - MUSEUMS
KW  - HEREDITY
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - CZECHOSLOVAKIA
KW  - MENDEL, Gregor, 1822-1884
N1  - Accession Number: 11709889; Brown, Bruce C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Mar88, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p14; Subject Term: MUSEUMS; Subject Term: HEREDITY; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: CZECHOSLOVAKIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 712110 Museums; People: MENDEL, Gregor, 1822-1884; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hayter, John
T1  - Clearing Up Soap Film History.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/03//
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 15
EP  - 15
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor discussing the contributions of the studies of minimum-area surfaces undertaken by the blind Belgian physicist Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau using soap fils formed on wire frames corresponding to a wide variety of boundary conditions.
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - PLATEAU, Antoine Ferdinand
N1  - Accession Number: 11709890; Hayter, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: Mar88, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p15; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; People: PLATEAU, Antoine Ferdinand; Number of Pages: 1/8p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slansky, R.
T1  - High Energy Physics 1985 (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1988/05//May/Jun88
VL  - 76
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 294
EP  - 294
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "High Energy Physics 1985," edited by Mark J. Bowick and Feza Gursey.
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - BOWICK, Mark J.
KW  - GURSEY, Feza
KW  - HIGH Energy Physics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11973561; Slansky, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: May/Jun88, Vol. 76 Issue 3, p294; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: HIGH Energy Physics (Book); People: BOWICK, Mark J.; People: GURSEY, Feza; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, Donald E.
T1  - Principles of Charged Particle Acceleration (Book).
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/05//
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 98
EP  - 99
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Reviews the book "Principles of Charged Particle Acceleration," by Stanley Humphries.
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HUMPHRIES, Stanley
KW  - PRINCIPLES of Charged Particle Acceleration (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11708664; Young, Donald E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Source Info: May88, Vol. 41 Issue 5, p98; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PRINCIPLES of Charged Particle Acceleration (Book); People: HUMPHRIES, Stanley; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Donald W.
T1  - Regional Dynamics: Studies in Adjustment Theory (Book).
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 362
EP  - 364
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - Reviews the book "Regional Dynamics: Studies in Adjustment Theory," by Gordon L. Clark, Meric S. Gertler and John Whiteman.
KW  - REGIONAL economics
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - adjustment model.
KW  - neoclassical
KW  - regional economics
KW  - CLARK, Gordon L.
KW  - GERTLER, Meric S.
KW  - WHITEMAN, John
KW  - REGIONAL Dynamics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12966468; Jones, Donald W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205.; Source Info: Jun88, Vol. 78 Issue 2, p362; Subject Term: REGIONAL economics; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: adjustment model.; Author-Supplied Keyword: neoclassical; Author-Supplied Keyword: regional economics; Reviews & Products: REGIONAL Dynamics (Book); People: CLARK, Gordon L.; People: GERTLER, Meric S.; People: WHITEMAN, John; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ApSimon, H.M.
AU  - Gudiksen, P.
AU  - Khitrov, L.
AU  - Rodhe, H.
AU  - Yoshikawa, T.
T1  - LESSON FROM CHERNOBYL. Modeling the Dispersal and Deposition of Radionuclides. (Cover story)
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 21
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - This article focuses on the theoretical models simulating the processes that affect radioactivity transport and deposition used in conjunction with the observations on radionuclides released after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine.  During the initial explosions, material containing spent fuel enriched with noble gases and volatile nuclides of iodine, tellurium and cesium was ejected into the atmosphere. Gravitational settling of the coarser material released over the first five days dominated the deposition pattern close to the site. Scientists have used modeling results in conjunction with observations to reduce the quantities of various nuclides released from the Chernobyl reactor and their variation in time. The emissions from the Chernobyl accident cannot be compared in magnitude with the fallout to be expected from an exchange of nuclear weapons, not even after the reductions envisaged in the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. The studies of the dispersion and deposition of readionuclide releases from Chernobyl have shown clearly that radionuclides may be transported over long distances and that this process can be predicted by mathematical models.
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - UKRAINE
KW  - Mathematical Methods &hyphen; General
KW  - Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
N1  - Accession Number: 8800009146; ApSimon, H.M. 1 Gudiksen, P. 2 Khitrov, L. 3 Rodhe, H. 4 Yoshikawa, T. 5; Affiliation:  1: Air Pollution Group, Mechanical Engineering Department, Imperial College, London  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  3: Vernadsky Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences  4: Professor, Department of Meteorology, University of Stockholm  5: Head, Applied Meteorology Laboratory, Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba City, Japan; Source Info: Jun88, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p17; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: UKRAINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical Methods &hyphen; General; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapiro, Charles S.
T1  - Radiological Effects of Nuclear War. (Cover story)
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 41
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - This article discusses the direct radiological effects of nuclear explosions.  Radioactive fallout from nuclear explosions is often classified as local fallout deposited on the Earth's surface during the first 24 hours. Local fallout is projected to be more serious in terms of biological impact. It can extend many hundreds of kilometers downwind of sites targeted with nuclear ground bursts. The possible targeting of civilian and military nuclear fuel cycle facilities such as reactors, spent fuel stores, high-level waste facilities and fuel reprocessing plants has the potential of additionally contributing significantly over the long term to the burden of radioactivity on both the local and global scale. The uncertainties in these estimates can be divided into three categories: the targeting scenario, the fallout calculation models and the selected meteorological conditions. There can be additional body and organ dose from radioactivity that is carried inside the body by the ingestion of food and water contaminated by local fallout. The internal dose to an individual is sensitive to many factors that vary greatly depending on local circumstances.
KW  - NUCLEAR explosions
KW  - NUCLEAR warfare
KW  - RADIOACTIVE fallout
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - USSR and U.S.
N1  - Accession Number: 8800014538; Shapiro, Charles S. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Professor of Physics, San Francisco State University  2: Consultant, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun88, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p39; Subject Term: NUCLEAR explosions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR warfare; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE fallout; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: USSR and U.S.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeVolpi, Alexander
T1  - Nuclear Imperatives and Public Trust: Dealing with Radioactive Waste (Book).
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 86
EP  - 88
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Reviews the book "Nuclear Imperatives and Public Trust: Dealing With Radioactive Waste," by Luther J. Carter.
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CARTER, Luther
KW  - NUCLEAR Imperatives & Public Trust: Dealing With Radioactive Waste (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10325559; DeVolpi, Alexander 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jun88, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p86; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NUCLEAR Imperatives & Public Trust: Dealing With Radioactive Waste (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; People: CARTER, Luther; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evernden, Jack F.
AU  - Marsh, Gerald E.
T1  - EVERNDEN AND MARSH REPLY.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/06//
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
EP  - 127
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a response by Jack F. Evernden and Gerald E. Marsh to a letter to the editor about their article "Yields of US and Soviet Nuclear Tests," in the August 1987 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing
N1  - Accession Number: 14982042; Evernden, Jack F. 1 Marsh, Gerald E. 2; Affiliation:  1: US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Jun88, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p126; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paige, Frank E.
T1  - The Scientists' Bookshelf: Physical Sciences.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1988/07//Jul/Aug88
VL  - 76
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Proceedings of the XVII International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics," edited by M. Markytan, W. Majerotto and J. MacNaughton.
KW  - MARKYTAN, M.
KW  - MAJEROTTO, W.
KW  - MACNAUGHTON, J.
KW  - PROCEEDINGS of the XVII International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11802344; Paige, Frank E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul/Aug88, Vol. 76 Issue 4, p1; Reviews & Products: PROCEEDINGS of the XVII International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (Book); People: MARKYTAN, M.; People: MAJEROTTO, W.; People: MACNAUGHTON, J.; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soll, Jürgen
AU  - Bennett, John
T1  - Localization of a 64-kDa phosphoprotein in the lumen between the outer and inner envelopes of pea chloroplasts.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1988/08//8/1/88
VL  - 175
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 307
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The identification and localization of a marker protein for the intermembrane space between the outer and inner chloroplast envelopes is described. This 64-kDa protein is very rapidly labeled by [γ-32P]ATP at very low (30 nM) ATP concentrations and the phosphoryl group exhibits a high turnover rate. It was possible to establish the presence of the 64-kDa protein in this plastid compartment by using different chloroplast envelope separation and isolation techniques. In addition comparison of labeling kinetics by intact and hypotonically lysed pea chloroplasts support the localization of the 64-kDa protein in the intermembrane space. The 64-kDa protein was present and could be labeled in mixed envelope membranes isolated from hypotonically lysed plastids. Mixed envelope membranes incorporated high amounts of 32P from [γ-32P]ATP into the 64-kDa protein, whereas separated outer and inner envelope membranes did not show significant phosphorylation of this protein. Water/ Triton X-114 phase partitioning demonstrated that the 64-kDa protein is a hydrophilic polypeptide. These findings suggest that the 64-kDa protein is a soluble protein trapped in the space between the inner and outer envelope membranes. After sonication of mixed envelope membranes, the 64-kDa protein was no longer present in the membrane fraction, but could be found in the supernatant after a 110000 x <em>g</em> centrifugation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PLASTIDS
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
N1  - Accession Number: 21133965; Soll, Jürgen 1 Bennett, John 2; Affiliation:  1: Botanisches Institut der Universität München  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton; Source Info: 8/1/88, Vol. 175 Issue 2, p301; Subject Term: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PLASTIDS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edel, Mark
T1  - The Tinkertoy Graphical Programming Environment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 1988/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1110
EP  - 1115
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Tinkertoy is a graphic interface to Lisp, where programs are "built" rather than written, out of icons and flexible interconnections. It is exciting because it represents a computer/user interface that can easily exceed the interaction speed of the best text-based language editors and command languages. It also provides a consistent framework for interaction across both editing and command execution. Moreover, because programs are represented graphically, structures that do not naturally conform to the text medium can be clearly described, and new kinds of information can be incorporated into pro- grams and program elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - Graphical programming
KW  - graphics
KW  - iconic programming
KW  - interactive graphics
KW  - Lisp
KW  - program visualization
KW  - syntax directed editing
KW  - user interfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 14315954; Edel, Mark 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: Aug88, Vol. 14 Issue 8, p1110; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphical programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: graphics; Author-Supplied Keyword: iconic programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: interactive graphics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lisp; Author-Supplied Keyword: program visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: syntax directed editing; Author-Supplied Keyword: user interfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andersen, C. P.
AU  - Markhart III, A. H.
AU  - Dixon, R. K.
AU  - Sucoff, E. I.
T1  - Root hydraulic conductivity of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal green ash seedlings.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1988/08//
VL  - 109
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
EP  - 471
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Green ash (<em>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</em> Marsh.) was either inoculated or not with <em>Glomus etunicatum</em> Becker and Gerd. and grown for 37 d to permit root colonization. Root hydraulic conductivity (<em>L</em>p) per unit length was measured on excised root systems to examine the influence of vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhiza inoculation, seedling size, phosphorus (P) nutrition, and biomass distribution. Fertilization with P eliminated significant differences in seedling size and dry matter distribution between mycorrhizal (M) and non-mycorrhizal (NM) seedlings, but VA mycorrhizas increased root and leaf P concentration. Root <em>L</em>p was similar in M and NM seedlings of similar size, and was lower in M seedlings for a given root P concentration. Root <em>L</em>p decreased with age and weight, and increased as the proportion of dry weight in the leaves increased in both M and NM seedlings. Mycorrhizal colonization had no significant effect on root <em>L</em>p in the absence of a significant growth response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN ash
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - PHOSPHORUS
KW  - VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas
KW  - COLONIZATION (Ecology)
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - <em>Fraxinus pennsylvanica
KW  - Glomus etunicatum</em>
KW  - root hydraulic conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12356675; Andersen, C. P. 1 Markhart III, A. H. 2 Dixon, R. K. 3 Sucoff, E. I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA  2: Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA  3: School of Forestry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA  4: Department of Forest Resources, College of Forestry, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; Source Info: Aug88, Vol. 109 Issue 4, p465; Subject Term: GREEN ash; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS; Subject Term: VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas; Subject Term: COLONIZATION (Ecology); Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Fraxinus pennsylvanica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glomus etunicatum</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: root hydraulic conductivity; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Grimshaw, Caroline A.
T1  - Letters to the Editor.
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1988/09//Sep/Oct88
VL  - 76
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 432
EP  - 432
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about the probability distribution of the number of matched pairs.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - PROBABILITY measures
N1  - Accession Number: 11887929; Grimshaw, Caroline A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Energy, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: Sep/Oct88, Vol. 76 Issue 5, p432; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: PROBABILITY measures; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Letter
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kendall, Henry W.
AU  - Canavan, Gregory
T1  - How Low Will Particle Beams Go?
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/09//
VL  - 41
IS  - 9
M3  - Letter
SP  - 146
EP  - 148
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents letters to the editor about space weapons in response to Gregory Canavan's article "APS Directed Energy Weapons Study" in the November 1987 issue on page 48.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - SPACE weapons
N1  - Accession Number: 10295308; Kendall, Henry W. 1 Canavan, Gregory 2; Affiliation:  1: Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Sep88, Vol. 41 Issue 9, p146; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: SPACE weapons; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skrukrud, C. L.
AU  - Taylor, S. E.
AU  - Hawkins, D. R.
AU  - Nemethy, E. K.
AU  - Calvin, M.
T1  - Subcellular fractionation of triterpenoid biosynthesis in <em>Euphorbia lathyris</em> latex.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1988/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 316
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Latex isolated from laticifer cells of <em>Euphorbia lathyris</em> maintained its ability to synthesize triterpenols (and their esters) from acetate. When the latex was centrifugated at 5000 <em>g</em> for 15 mm, this biosynthetic activity could be subdivided into two separate fractions: the acetate to β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A activity remained in the supernatant, while the β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A to triterpenol activity was pelleted. Further purification of the pellet by isopycnic centrifugation on Percoll gradients yielded at least three particles: latex particles, starch grains, and a single membrane-bound organelle. Electron micrographs were made of all of these latex particles. The single membrane-bound organelle was only observed in the region of the density gradient that exhibited the ability to incorporate mevalonic acid into the triterpenoids. In addition, the enzyme β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (EC 1.1.1.34) was found in the 5000 <em>g</em> pellet, while β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A lyase (EC 4.1.3.4) remained in the super- natant.
KW  - LATEX
KW  - ESTERS
KW  - COENZYMES
KW  - MEVALONIC acid
KW  - CENTRIFUGATION
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase
KW  - <em>Euphorbia lathyris</em>
KW  - hydrocarbons
KW  - isoprenoids
KW  - latex particles.
N1  - Accession Number: 13066174; Skrukrud, C. L. 1 Taylor, S. E. 2 Hawkins, D. R. 3 Nemethy, E. K. 2 Calvin, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dept of Biological Science (M/C 066), Univ of Illinois at Chicago, Box 4348, Chicago, IL 60680, USA.  2: Dept of Chemistry and Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  3: Rohm and Haas Co., 727 Norristown Road, Springhouse, PA 19477, USA.; Source Info: Oct88, Vol. 74 Issue 2, p306; Subject Term: LATEX; Subject Term: ESTERS; Subject Term: COENZYMES; Subject Term: MEVALONIC acid; Subject Term: CENTRIFUGATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: β-hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Euphorbia lathyris</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: isoprenoids; Author-Supplied Keyword: latex particles.; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13066174
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huston, Michael
AU  - DeAngelis, Donald
AU  - Post, Wilfred
T1  - New computer models unify ecological theory.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 682
EP  - 691
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Argues that the individual organism is a logical basic unit for the modeling of ecological phenomena, and that individual-based models allow ecological modelers to investigate types of questions that have been difficult or impossible using the state-variable approach.  Mention of the Ideal Gas Law of physics, which statistically uses the single state variable of pressure; Observation that in ecological systems, amplifying effects can arise from spatial nonuniformities and variations in the environmental conditions that each organism experiences; Way that traditional population-modeling approaches represent feeding as a continuous process, with the rate determined by the densities of the resource and consumer populations; Conclusion that the interactions within and among populations in nature are inherently local, and that an individual organism directly affects and is affected by other individuals that, by virtue of its fixed location or movements, it contacts.
KW  - POPULATION biology
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - ANIMALS -- Population biology
KW  - PLANTS -- Population biology
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ANIMAL ecology
KW  - IDEAL gas law
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 8800028658; Huston, Michael 1 DeAngelis, Donald 1 Post, Wilfred 1; Affiliation:  1: Staff member of the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036; Source Info: Nov88, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p682; Subject Term: POPULATION biology; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: ANIMALS -- Population biology; Subject Term: PLANTS -- Population biology; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ANIMAL ecology; Subject Term: IDEAL gas law; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 8304
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane K.
T1  - TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 708
EP  - 709
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book "Genes, Cells and Organisms," edited by John Moore.
KW  - GENES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GENES, Cells & Organisms (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9002051190; Setlow, Jane K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: Nov88, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p708; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: GENES, Cells & Organisms (Book); Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1205
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor Jr., George E.
AU  - Ross-Todd, B. Monty
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
T1  - Action of ozone on foliar gas exchange in Glycine max L. Merr: a potential role for endogenous stress ethylene.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 110
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 307
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - A rapid surge in the foliar production of ethylene (C2H2), a growth regulator, is a well documented phonomenon in plants experiencing a variety of environmental stresses. The physiological significance of this stress-induced C2H2 is not resolved. Because exogenous C2H2 can induce changes in foliar gas exchange in a variety of plant species, we tested the hypothesis that the endogenous production of stress C2H2 due to the representative environmental stress of ozone (O3) is linked to observed changes in stomatal conductance to water vapour (gsH2o) and carbon dioxide assimilation (A) in Glicine max (L.) Merr. This objective was accomplished using seedlings in hydroponic culture which were administered aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), a metabolic inhibitor of stress C2H2 synthesis, and subsequently challenged with O3. The responsiveness to O2 stress of gsH2o and A was either substantially diminished (A) or eliminated gsH2o when stress C2H2 production in the leaf interior was metabolically inhibited by AVG. These data support the hypothesis that the rapid surge in production of stress C2H2 in response to chronic-level stresses in general and O2 specifically is not simply an indicator of the plant's physiological activity but rather is a chemical messenger or trigger that subsequently mediates some of the notable changes in carbon gain, stomatal physiology, and water use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLYCINE (Plants)
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - EFFECT of stress on plants
KW  - OZONE
KW  - STOMATA
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CO2 assimilation
KW  - Foliar gas exchange
KW  - ozone
KW  - stomatal physiology.
KW  - stress ethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 12362558; Taylor Jr., George E. 1 Ross-Todd, B. Monty 1 Gunderson, Carla A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A..; Source Info: Nov88, Vol. 110 Issue 3, p301; Subject Term: GLYCINE (Plants); Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: EFFECT of stress on plants; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: STOMATA; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foliar gas exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal physiology.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress ethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cook, B. D.
AU  - Jastrow, J. D.
AU  - Miller, R. M.
T1  - Root and mycorrhizal endophyte development in a chronosequence of restored tallgrass prairie.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 110
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
EP  - 362
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The relationships between root and mycorrhizal development were investigated at the community level for a chronosequence consisting of restored tallgrass prairie (including plots in the second, fifth, eighth and eleventh growing season) and a virgin prairie remnant. Fibrous (≤ 1 mm diameter) root length increased across the chronosequence, with the greatest length occurring in the prairie remnant. After an initial increase between the second and fifth growing seasons, the percentage of fibrous roots colonized by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi declined. However, this decline did not truly reflect the mycorrhizal association in this system because the length of fibrous roots colonized by mycorrhizal fungi did not decrease after the fifth growing season but instead remained essentially constant throughout the remainder of the chronosequence. Evaluation of the data by fibrous root size classes indicated that increases in root length and colonized root length occurred largely in the smaller size class (< 0.2 mm diameter); in contrast, percentage colonization and the density of intraradical fungal structures was greater in the larger size class (0.2- 1 mm diameter). The importance of thoroughly evaluating responses of mycorrhizal fungi relative to host responses was demonstrated in a field situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas
KW  - MYCORRHIZAL fungi
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - SOIL fungi
KW  - MYCOLOGY
KW  - PLANT colonization
KW  - colonization
KW  - restoration.
KW  - root density
KW  - tallgrass prairie
KW  - Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza
N1  - Accession Number: 12362634; Cook, B. D. 1 Jastrow, J. D. 2 Miller, R. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Soil Science Department, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.  2: Biological Environmental and Medical Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: Nov88, Vol. 110 Issue 3, p355; Subject Term: VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas; Subject Term: MYCORRHIZAL fungi; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Subject Term: SOIL fungi; Subject Term: MYCOLOGY; Subject Term: PLANT colonization; Author-Supplied Keyword: colonization; Author-Supplied Keyword: restoration.; Author-Supplied Keyword: root density; Author-Supplied Keyword: tallgrass prairie; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Balazs, N. L.
AU  - Basbas, George
AU  - Lerch, Irving A.
AU  - Yaes, Robert Joel
AU  - Passell, Laurence
T1  - Outsiders' Views of Phys. Rev. Letters.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 41
IS  - 11
M3  - Letter
SP  - 13
EP  - 14
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues.  "Getting Out the Word: An Insider's View of Physical Review Letters," which criticized the "Physical Review Letters," a fashion journal produced by The American Physical Society; Basic acceptance criteria for the journal; Primary function of journals.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - PERIODICALS
KW  - SCHOLARLY periodicals
KW  - SCHOLARLY publishing
KW  - FASHION
N1  - Accession Number: 10395761; Balazs, N. L. 1 Basbas, George Lerch, Irving A. 2 Yaes, Robert Joel 3 Passell, Laurence 4; Affiliation:  1: State University of New York, Stony Brook  2: New York University Medical Center, New York, New York  3: University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: Nov88, Vol. 41 Issue 11, p13; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; Subject Term: SCHOLARLY periodicals; Subject Term: SCHOLARLY publishing; Subject Term: FASHION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323111 Commercial Printing (except Screen and Books); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511120 Periodical Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511130 Book Publishers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Laurie M.
AU  - Dresden, Max
AU  - Hoddeson, Lillian
T1  - PIONS TO QUARKS: PARTICLE PHYSICS IN THE 1950s.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 41
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
EP  - 64
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - The article explores the history and development of particles physics from 1947 to 1963. World War II interrupted the careers, absorbed the creative energies and uprooted the lives of many physicists. While normal scientific communication and research in pure physics almost ceased to exit, there were some notable exceptions. Some physicists not engaged in weapons development managed to continue research, among them George D. Rochester and Cecil F. Powell in Britain. Rochester spent his nights at Manchester running a fire brigade, and his days teaching and doing cosmic-ray research with Lajos Jènossy. In 1947 Rochester and Clifford C. Butler discovered new particles that they called V particles because of the V-shaped tracks the particles left upon decaying in a cloud chamber. They observed the first V particle in October 1946. The second V particle, which they observed in May 1947, was a charged particle whose track showed a sharp kink and a change of ionization above the lead. Both V particles appeared to have masses about half that of the proton. The fifties saw a remarkable change in the particle physicist's laboratory, which received new tools, greatly increased funding and new institutional settings. By 1960 accelerators had replaced cosmic rays as the principal source of high-energy particles. Bubble chambers, spark chambers and scintillation counters replaced cloud chambers and nuclear emulsions as the principal detectors. Technical development is accelerators in the late 1940s were dominated by the discovery of the phase stability principle in 1944 by Vladimir Veksler in the Soviet Union and independently in 1945 by McMillan in the U.S. During the second of the decade the bubble chamber effectively replaced these modified cloud chambers .Invented in 1952 by Donald Glaser, the bubble chamber had a higher density, which enabled far better measurement of particle ranges and allowed operation in  magnetic field to measure particle momentum.
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - BUBBLE chambers
KW  - SPARK chamber
KW  - SCINTILLATION counters
KW  - CLOUD chambers
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 8800029316; Brown, Laurie M. 1 Dresden, Max 2 Hoddeson, Lillian 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Professor of physics and astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois  2: Professor of physics, State University of New York, Stony Brook  3: Research physicist, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign  4: Historian, Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois; Source Info: Nov88, Vol. 41 Issue 11, p56; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: BUBBLE chambers; Subject Term: SPARK chamber; Subject Term: SCINTILLATION counters; Subject Term: CLOUD chambers; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Nagle, Darrach
T1  - OBITUARIES:  Herbert L. Anderson.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 41
IS  - 11
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 108
EP  - 109
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for Herbert L. Anderson, one of the pioneers in the development of the chain reaction pile.
KW  - ANDERSON, Herbert
N1  - Accession Number: 9002190913; Nagle, Darrach 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Nov88, Vol. 41 Issue 11, p108; People: ANDERSON, Herbert; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rayner, Steve
T1  - Modelling the World: The Social Constructions of Systems Analysis (Book).
JO  - Sociological Review
JF  - Sociological Review
Y1  - 1988/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 814
EP  - 815
SN  - 00380261
AB  - Reviews the book "Modelling the World: The Social Constructions of Systems Analysis," by Brian P. Bloomfield.
KW  - SOCIAL systems
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - BLOOMFIELD, Brian P.
KW  - MODELLING the World (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 5474762; Rayner, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Source Info: Nov88, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p814; Subject Term: SOCIAL systems; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: MODELLING the World (Book); People: BLOOMFIELD, Brian P.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1111/1467-954X.ep5474762
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saperstein, Alvin M.
AU  - Mayer-Kress, Gottfried
T1  - A Nonlinear Dynamical Model of the Impact of SDI on the Arms Race.
JO  - Journal of Conflict Resolution
JF  - Journal of Conflict Resolution
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 636
EP  - 670
SN  - 00220027
AB  - We present numerical results from a nonlinear dynamical model with discrete time that simulates the implications of ballistic missile defense systems (SDI) on the arms race between the two superpowers. As dynamical variables we introduce the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), antiballistic missile systems (ABMs) and anti-ABM systems such as antisatellite weapons (ASAT) of each of the two sides. The time evolution of these systems (arms race) is simulated numerically under various parameter assumptions (scenarios). The a priori unpredictability of human decisions is simulated through random fluctuations of the buildup parameters. The results of our idealized model indicate that for most parameter combinations, the introduction of SDI systems leads to an extension of the offensive arms race rather than a transition to a defense-dominated strategic configuration. A reduction in the number of offensive weapons, that is, an approach to a defense-dominated strategy, was observed if either the number of reentry vehicles per ICBM (MIRV) is limited to much smaller values than presently realized or if the accuracy of offensive weapons is significantly reduced. For the case of a strongly accelerated arms buildup (either offensive or defensive), we observe a loss of stability of the solutions that we interpret as a transition to unpredictable chaos. We also incorporate a discussion of economic and risk parameters, both of which also tend to increase with the introduction of SDI systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Conflict Resolution is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - BALLISTIC missile defenses
KW  - MILITARY strategy
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - Mathematical Methods &hyphen; General
KW  - Peaceful Exploration of Space
KW  - THE MILITARY SITUATION
KW  - USSR and U.S.
N1  - Accession Number: 4563512; Saperstein, Alvin M. 1 Mayer-Kress, Gottfried 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department and Center for Peace and Conflict Studies, Wayne State University  2: Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory and The Sante Fe Institute; Source Info: Dec88, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p636; Subject Term: ARMS race; Subject Term: BALLISTIC missile defenses; Subject Term: MILITARY strategy; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical Methods &hyphen; General; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peaceful Exploration of Space; Author-Supplied Keyword: THE MILITARY SITUATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: USSR and U.S.; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zehr, Jonathan P.
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - PATHWAY OF AMMONIUM ASSIMILATION IN A MARINE DIATOM DETERMINED WITH THE RADIOTRACER [sup13]N.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 588
EP  - 591
SN  - 00223646
AB  - In unicellular algae, ammonium can be assimilated into glutamate through the action of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or into glutamine through the sequential activities of glutamine synthetase and glutamate 2-oxoglutarate amidotransferase (GS-GOGAT pathway). We have shown that the first radio-labeled product of assimilation of [sup13]NH[sub4,sup+] (t[sub1/2] = 10 min) was glutamine in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hustedt). When GS-GOGAT was inhibited with methionine sulfoximine, the incorporation of radioactivity into both glutamine and glutamate was blocked, implying that the radio lobeled glutamate is formed from glutamine. Glutamine was also the first labeled product when the intracellular concentration of ammonium was elevated by preincubation with unlabeled ammonium. The results indicate that the GS-GOGAT pathway is the primary pathway for the assimilation of nitrogen in T. pseudonana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMMONIUM
KW  - THALASSIOSIRA
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - GLUTAMINE
KW  - THALASSIOSIRACEAE
KW  - ammonium
KW  - glutamate dehydrogenase
KW  - GS-GOGAT pathway
KW  - nitrogen assimilation
KW  - Thalassiosira.
N1  - Accession Number: 11565176; Zehr, Jonathan P. 1 Falkowski, Paul G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794.  2: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Upton. New York 11973.; Source Info: Dec88, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p588; Subject Term: AMMONIUM; Subject Term: THALASSIOSIRA; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: GLUTAMINE; Subject Term: THALASSIOSIRACEAE; Author-Supplied Keyword: ammonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: glutamate dehydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: GS-GOGAT pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thalassiosira.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11565176
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Taylor Jr., George E.
T1  - Kinetics of inhibition of foliar gas exchange by exogenous ethylene: an ultrasensitive response.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 110
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 524
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The objective of this study was to examine the inhibition of foliar gas exchange as a function of ethylene (C2H4) concentration in order to evaluate the potential role of stress C2H4 in mediating changes in gas exchange in response to environmental stress. Net photosynthesis (PN) and stomatal conductance to H2O vapour (gs.H2O) were measured in soybean (<em>Glycine max</em> (L.) Merr cv. Davis) seedings after a 4 h exposure to one of a range of exogenous C2H4 concentrations (0-20 μl l-1) in a controlled environment system. Declines in both PN and gs.H2O shifted from first-order (linear decline) to zero-order (saturation response) with increasing C2H4 concentration. The response of gs.H2O to C2H4 was more pronounced than the response of PN with maximal declines for gs.H2O> of 32-48% and half-maximal response at 0.15 μl l-1. Corresponding parameters for PN were 18-29% inhibition and half-maximal response at 0.35 μl l-1. Both response curves were similar to those documented for C2H4 binding and for hormonally mediated C2H4 actions. Kinetic analysis of the saturation patterns by the Hill equation showed both responses to be ultrasensitive, i.e. they provide a relatively large change in gas exchange for a small change in C2H4 concentration. Based on this ultrasensitivity, we propose that endogenous stress C2H4 mediates some of the responsiveness of gas exchange to environmental stresses of natural and anthropogenic origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS exchange in plants
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - STOMATA
KW  - WATER
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - FORAGE plants
KW  - <em>Glycine max</em>
KW  - Ethylene
KW  - gas exchange
KW  - growth regulators.
KW  - stress physiology
N1  - Accession Number: 12363322; Gunderson, Carla A. 1 Taylor Jr., George E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034 USA.; Source Info: Dec88, Vol. 110 Issue 4, p517; Subject Term: GAS exchange in plants; Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Subject Term: STOMATA; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: FORAGE plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Glycine max</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth regulators.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress physiology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - McLaughlin, Samuel B.
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
T1  - Net CO2 exchange of <em>Pinus taeda</em> shoots exposed to variable ozone levels and rain chemistries in field laboratory settings.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1988/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
EP  - 642
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Net CO2 exchange rates (CERs) were measured in seedlings of two loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) families following 6- or 13-week exposures to ozone (charcoal-filtered or ambient air + O3 and acid rain treatments (pH 3.3, 4.5 and 5.2). Ozone exposures (14 or 170 nl l-1) were made in open-top chambers, and in continuously stirred tank reactors (14, 160 or 320 nl-1) located in the field and laboratory, respectively. The CERs of whole shoots were measured in an open infrared gas analysis system at 6 levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (0.33, 60, 410, 800 and 1660 μmol m-2 s-1). Treatment effects were not consistent between field- and laboratory-exposed seedlings. Ozone-treated field seedlings exhibited statistically significant reductions in light-saturated CER of 12.5 and 25% when measured at 6 and 13 weeks, respectively. Laboratory seedlings exhibited mixed responses to O3, with one family showing reduced CER only after 6 weeks of O3 exposure and the other only after 13 weeks (O3 > 160 nl l-1 for both). After 13 weeks of exposure, pH 3.3, and 4.5 rain treatments enhanced light-saturated CER by an average of 52% over that observed in seedlings exposed to the pH 5.2 treatment. Enhanced CERs due to acid rain were of the same magnitude (3-5 μmol CO2 g-1s-1)as ozone-induced CER reductions. No differences in dark respiration were detected between treatments. Although ozone and acid rain treatments altered seedling CER, the differences were not translated into altered final plant dry weights over the 13-week exposure period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - YELLOW pines
KW  - SHOOTS (Botany)
KW  - OZONE
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - <em>Pinus taeda</em>
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - ozone
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - respiration.
N1  - Accession Number: 13110435; Hanson, Paul J. 1 McLaughlin, Samuel B. 1 Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA.; Source Info: Dec88, Vol. 74 Issue 4, p635; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: YELLOW pines; Subject Term: SHOOTS (Botany); Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Pinus taeda</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep13110435
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Girrens, Steven P.
T1  - Hygrothermoelasticity (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1989/01//Jan/Feb89
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 93
EP  - 93
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Hygrothermoelasticity," edited by G.C. Sih, J.G. Michopoulos, S.C. Chou.
KW  - HYGROTHERMOELASTICITY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SIH, G. C.
KW  - MICHOPOULOS, J. G.
KW  - CHOU, S. C.
KW  - HYGROTHERMOELASTICITY (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11973735; Girrens, Steven P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Engineering Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan/Feb89, Vol. 77 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: HYGROTHERMOELASTICITY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: HYGROTHERMOELASTICITY (Book); People: SIH, G. C.; People: MICHOPOULOS, J. G.; People: CHOU, S. C.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray III, George T.
T1  - Engineering Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructures, Processing and Design (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1989/01//Jan/Feb89
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 95
EP  - 95
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Engineering Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructures, Processing and Design," by Michael F. Ashby and David R.H. Jones.
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ASHBY, Michael
KW  - JONES, David R. H.
KW  - ENGINEERING Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructures, Processing & Design (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11973742; Gray III, George T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physical Metallurgy Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan/Feb89, Vol. 77 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ENGINEERING Materials 2: An Introduction to Microstructures, Processing & Design (Book); People: ASHBY, Michael; People: JONES, David R. H.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ottenstein, Karl J.
T1  - A Simplified Framework for Reduction in Strength.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 1989/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 93
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Reduction in strength is a traditional transformation for speeding up loop execution on sequential processors. The inverse transformation, induction variable substitution, can a!so speed up loops by decreasing register requirements, although it is typically a normalizing step in the detection of array dependences by parallelizing compilers. This paper presents a simple framework for performing these transformations. In contrast to previous approaches to strength reduction, no unnecessary temporary variables or dead code fragments are introduced, only relevant intermediate language fragments are examined, iteration test replacement is not handled as a special case, and the execution time of the target code is never increased. The method is particularly easy to visualize, making it a useful teaching tool as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEQUENTIAL processing (Computer science)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Code motion
KW  - compilers
KW  - data flow
KW  - dependence analysis
KW  - induction variable substitution
KW  - intermediate program representation
KW  - optimization
KW  - program dependence graph
N1  - Accession Number: 14281341; Ottenstein, Karl J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop 8265, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: Jan89, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p86; Subject Term: SEQUENTIAL processing (Computer science); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Code motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: compilers; Author-Supplied Keyword: data flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: dependence analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: induction variable substitution; Author-Supplied Keyword: intermediate program representation; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: program dependence graph; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Cole, Francis T.
AU  - Kerst, Donald W.
AU  - Loeffler, Frank J.
AU  - Serber, Robert
T1  - OBITUARIES: Richard Christian, William A. Steyert.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1989/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 98
EP  - 100
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for physicists Richard S. Christian and William A. Steyert.
KW  - CHRISTIAN, Richard S.
N1  - Accession Number: 8904031408; Cole, Francis T. 1 Kerst, Donald W. 2 Loeffler, Frank J. 3 Serber, Robert 4; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois  2: University of Wisconsin, Madison  3: Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana  4: Columbia university, New York, New York; Source Info: Jan89, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p98; People: CHRISTIAN, Richard S.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Orbach, Raymond
AU  - Torrance, J. B.
AU  - Parkin, S. S. P.
AU  - Beasley, M. R.
AU  - Emery, V. J.
AU  - Stormer, H. L.
AU  - Per Bak
AU  - Chao Tang
AU  - Knight, W. D.
AU  - Lagendijk, Ad
AU  - Courtens, Eric
AU  - Bendler, John T.
AU  - Shlesinger, Michael F.
T1  - CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1989/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - S-22
EP  - S-32
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - This section discusses developments in the field of condensed matter physics in 1988. Several new copper oxide systems involving the elements bismuth and thallium were discovered, some with transition temperature above 100 Kelvin. Advances in the growth of thin films of the new high-temperature superconductors have been dramatic. The original technique for fabricating thin films of these superconductors consists of depositing the constituents as an amorphous mixture of metals and oxides. The year has seen a lively debate about the most appropriate theoretical description of high-temperature superconductors. Perhaps the greatest effort has gone into exploring the relationship between magnetism and superconductivity, although it is by no means universally agreed that this is the correct approach. There are two widely occurring phenomenon in nature whose very generality requires some unifying underlying explanation. The first is a temporal effect which involves flicker noise, and the second phenomenon is the emergence of spatial structures with scale-invariant, self-similar properties found in differing systems.
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 8904031557; Orbach, Raymond 1 Torrance, J. B. 2 Parkin, S. S. P. 2 Beasley, M. R. 3 Emery, V. J. 4 Stormer, H. L. 5 Per Bak 4 Chao Tang 4 Knight, W. D. 6 Lagendijk, Ad 7 Courtens, Eric 8 Bendler, John T. 9 Shlesinger, Michael F. 10; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Los Angeles  2: IBM Almaden Research Center  3: Stanford University  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory  5: AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ  6: University of California, Berkeley  7: University of Amsterdam and FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands  8: IBM Research Division, Zurich, Research Laboratory  9: General Electric R&D Center  10: Office of Naval Research; Source Info: Jan89, Vol. 42 Issue 1, pS-22; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pondrom, Lee
AU  - Langacker, Paul
AU  - Month, Melvin
AU  - Sessler, Andrew
AU  - Sheffield, Richard
T1  - ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1989/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - S-37
EP  - S-40
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - This section discusses developments in the field of elementary particle physics in 1988. The Collider Detector at Fermilab detector was run at the Tevatron collider in June 1988. The Tevatron has exceeded the design luminosity of a factor of ten higher than that achieved during the 1987 run. The standard electroweak model, the theory which incorporates both the electromagnetic force and the weak nuclear force, has been spectacularly successful. Two beam research areas have made significant advances over the past couple of years: pulsed power technology and photoinjector technology for high brightness electron beams.
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 8904031554; Pondrom, Lee 1 Langacker, Paul 2 Month, Melvin 3 Sessler, Andrew 4 Sheffield, Richard 5; Affiliation:  1: University of Wisconsin  2: University of Pennsylvania  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory  4: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan89, Vol. 42 Issue 1, pS-37; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moe, M. K.
AU  - Adelberger, E. G.
AU  - Strubbs, C. W.
AU  - Applegate, James H.
AU  - Arnold, R. G.
AU  - Holt, R. J.
AU  - Papanicolas, C. N.
AU  - Pandharipande, V.
T1  - NUCLEAR PHYSICS.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1989/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - S-52
EP  - S-56
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - This section discusses developments in the field of nuclear physics in 1988. The spectrum of a two-neutrino mode was measured using a time projection chamber, a device employing a large number of wires to track the two electrons from double beta decay as they leave the source. A study of the Earth's gravity in mines obtained a value of the gravitational constant that is about one percent greater than the value derived from laboratory measurements. Neutron-proton segregated universes produce less helium and more hydrogen than homogeneous universes. These effects are dramatic enough to being  a segregated model into agreement with the helium and hydrogen abundances. The experimental identification of quark effects in nuclei would constitute important progress toward an understanding of the nucleus in terms of nucleons and mesons and in terms of quarks to help unify the meson-nucleon theory with quantum chromodynamics.
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - GRAVITY
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 8904031550; Moe, M. K. 1 Adelberger, E. G. 2 Strubbs, C. W. 2 Applegate, James H. 3 Arnold, R. G. 4 Holt, R. J. 5 Papanicolas, C. N. 6 Pandharipande, V. 6; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Irvine  2: University of Washington  3: Columbia University  4: American University  5: Argonne National Laboratory  6: University of Illinois, Urbana—Champaign; Source Info: Jan89, Vol. 42 Issue 1, pS-52; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: GRAVITY; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: QUARKS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gustafson, John
T1  - Technical Correspondence.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1989/02//
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Letter
SP  - 256
EP  - 264
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents several letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. Attributes of the performance of central processing unit; Information about quantitative method for predicting relative performance of computer hardware characteristics; Comments on model specification, estimation procedures, and interpretation of the estimated model.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - USER interfaces (Computer systems)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - QUANTITATIVE research
N1  - Accession Number: 17923105; Gustafson, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185.; Source Info: Feb1989, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p256; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: USER interfaces (Computer systems); Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: QUANTITATIVE research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tschaplinski, Timothy J.
AU  - Blake, Trence J.
T1  - The role of sink demand in carbon partitioning and photosynthetic reinvigoration following shoot decapitation.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1989/02//
VL  - 75
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
EP  - 173
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Photosynthesis, growth, and carbon partitioning of vigorous coppice shoots were compared with the slower growing intact shoots of <em>Populus maximowiczii</em> × <em>nigra</em> L. MN9 to determine the relationship between carbon partitioning and photosynthetic rate. Relative height growth rate of coppice shoots was 2.2 times that of intact shoots with net photosynthetic rate 1.9 times that of intact shoots. Coppice leaves exported a larger proportion of newly-fixed assimilate (11% compared with 6%) after a 4-h chase. The greater export from coppice leaves was correlated with a greater proportion of [14C]-labelled photosynthate deposited as starch in stems 4 cm below the point of label application. Coppice leaf assimilate levels were reduced to 15% that of leaves on intact plants, but coppice leaves had twice the concentration of labelled sucrose. Carbohydrates constituted 55% of the water-soluble [14C]-labelled photosynthate in leaves of coppice shoots compared with 40% in intact shoots. The results suggest that carbon allocation and partitioning in coppice shoots were altered towards production and export of new assimilate, and support the hypothesis that photosynthetic rate is responsive to sink demand for assimilates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - SHOOTS (Botany)
KW  - COPPICE forests
KW  - CARBOHYDRATES
KW  - EFFECT of light on plants
KW  - <em>Populus maximowiczii</em> × <em>nigra</em>
KW  - Carbohydrate
KW  - net photosynthesis
KW  - starch deposition.
N1  - Accession Number: 12751491; Tschaplinski, Timothy J. 1 Blake, Trence J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA  2: Faculty of Forestry, Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, canada M5S 1A1; Source Info: Feb89, Vol. 75 Issue 2, p166; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: SHOOTS (Botany); Subject Term: COPPICE forests; Subject Term: CARBOHYDRATES; Subject Term: EFFECT of light on plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Populus maximowiczii</em> × <em>nigra</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbohydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: net photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: starch deposition.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep12751491
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilbanks, T.J.
T1  - RESEARCH FUNDED BY MISSION AGENCIES.
JO  - Professional Geographer
JF  - Professional Geographer
Y1  - 1989/02//
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 14
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00330124
AB  - Offers advise for professional geographers on how to obtain financial support from mission agencies in the United States. Need to pay attention to prerequisites; Importance of understanding what mission agencies need and want; Aim of the basic research programs of mission agencies; Basic research support by agencies in the country.
KW  - RESEARCH -- Finance
KW  - GEOGRAPHY
KW  - ENDOWMENT of research
KW  - GRANTS in aid (Public finance)
KW  - GOVERNMENT agencies
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13519792; Wilbanks, T.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb89, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p10; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Finance; Subject Term: GEOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ENDOWMENT of research; Subject Term: GRANTS in aid (Public finance); Subject Term: GOVERNMENT agencies; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911910 Other federal government public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913910 Other local, municipal and regional public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921190 Other General Government Support; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813219 Other Grantmaking and Giving Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sears, Trevor J.
AU  - Frye, Joan M.
AU  - Spirko, V.
AU  - Kraemer, W.P.
T1  - Extended measurements of the v[sub2] band of CD[sub3] and the determination of the vibrational potential function for methyl.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1989/02/15/
VL  - 90
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2125
EP  - 2133
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Studies the v[sub 2] vibrational spectrum of deuterated methyl radical CD[sub 3].  Vibrational potential function for the species; Positions of unobserved vibrational bands for all symmetric isotopic modifications; Population distribution of the v[sub 2] levels.
KW  - METHYL groups
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11697282; Sears, Trevor J. 1 Frye, Joan M. 1 Spirko, V. 2 Kraemer, W.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  2: Max-Planck-Institute für Physik und Astrophysik, Institut für Astrophysik, West Germany; Source Info: 2/15/1989, Vol. 90 Issue 4, p2125; Subject Term: METHYL groups; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratt, S.T.
AU  - Dehmer, J.L.
AU  - Dehmer, P.M.
T1  - Optical-optical double resonance studies of rotational autoionization of NO[supa]).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1989/02/15/
VL  - 90
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2201
EP  - 2212
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Studies the optical-optical double resonance spectroscopy of rotational autoionization of nitric oxide.  Convergence of the rotational autoionization of Rydberg series to higher thresholds; Competing decay process between predissociation and vibrational autoionization; Electric field dependence and pressure dependence of the ionization.
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - RYDBERG states
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11697629; Pratt, S.T. 1 Dehmer, J.L. 1 Dehmer, P.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 2/15/1989, Vol. 90 Issue 4, p2201; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: RYDBERG states; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chabalowski, Cary F.
AU  - Jensen, James O.
AU  - Yarkony, David R.
AU  - Lengsfield III, Byron H.
T1  - Theoretical study of the radiative lifetime for the spin-forbidden transition a [sup3]σ[subu][sup+] → X [sup1]σ[subg]sup+] in He[sub2].
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1989/02/15/
VL  - 90
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2504
EP  - 2512
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Studies the radiative lifetime for the spin-forbidden transition in neutral helium.  Intensity of the transition; First-order correction to the wave functions; First-order perturbation theory; Function of internuclear separation.
KW  - RADIATIVE transitions
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11698466; Chabalowski, Cary F. 1 Jensen, James O. 2 Yarkony, David R. 3 Lengsfield III, Byron H. 4; Affiliation:  1: US Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, SLCBR-IB-I, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland  2: Chemical Research Development, and Engineering Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland  3: Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 2/15/1989, Vol. 90 Issue 4, p2504; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transitions; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephens, John R.
AU  - Rosenblatt, Gerd M.
AU  - Plusquellic, D.F.
AU  - Pratt, D.W.
AU  - Meerts, W.L.
T1  - A reexamination of energy accommodation experiments using the vibrating surface technique.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1989/02/15/
VL  - 90
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2513
EP  - 2520
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Examines the gas/surface energy accommodation using the vibrating surface technique.  Energy flow near the surface of a solid; Energy exchange between the gas and surface; Radiative exchange between the surface and the chamber; Conduction into the solid.
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - GASES
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11698473; Stephens, John R. 1 Rosenblatt, Gerd M. 1 Plusquellic, D.F. Pratt, D.W. Meerts, W.L.; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 2/15/1989, Vol. 90 Issue 4, p2513; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curtiss, Larry A.
AU  - Pople, John A.
T1  - A theoretical study of the dissociation energy of BH using quadratic configuration interaction.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1989/02/15/
VL  - 90
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2522
EP  - 2523
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Studies the dissociation energy of boron monohydride using quadratic configuration interaction.  Value for the dissociation energy of the ground state of boron monohydride; Total energies of boron monohydride; Calculation of the zero-point energy.
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - BORON compounds
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11698503; Curtiss, Larry A. 1 Pople, John A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division/Materials Science Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Chemistry Department, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Source Info: 2/15/1989, Vol. 90 Issue 4, p2522; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: BORON compounds; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hay, Jeffrey
T1  - Design of New Materials (Book).
JO  - American Scientist
JF  - American Scientist
Y1  - 1989/03//Mar/Apr89
VL  - 77
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 198
EP  - 198
SN  - 00030996
AB  - Reviews the book "Design of New Materials," edited by D.L. Cocke and A. Clearfield.
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - COCKE, D. L.
KW  - CLEARFIELD, A.
KW  - DESIGN of New Materials (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11758924; Hay, Jeffrey 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar/Apr89, Vol. 77 Issue 2, p198; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Reviews & Products: DESIGN of New Materials (Book); People: COCKE, D. L.; People: CLEARFIELD, A.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharples, Frances E.
T1  - BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE ENVIRONMENT.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 184
EP  - 185
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book 'Risk Assessment for Deliberate Releases:  The Possible Impact of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms on the Environment,' edited by W. Klingmuller.
KW  - TRANSGENIC organisms
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - RISK Assessment (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10096796; Sharples, Frances E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038; Source Info: Mar1989, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p184; Subject Term: TRANSGENIC organisms; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: RISK Assessment (Book); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 872
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berner, Tomar
AU  - Dubinsky, Zvy
AU  - Wyman, Kevin
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - PHOTOADAPTATION AND THE "PACKAGE" EFFECT IN <em>DUNALIELLA TERTIOLECTA</em> (CHLOROPHYCEAE).
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 70
EP  - 78
SN  - 00223646
AB  - In the marine unicellular chlorophyte, Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher, the spectrally averaged in vivo absorption cross section, normalized to chlorophyll a (so-called a[SUP*] values), vary two-fold in response to changes in growth irradiance. We used a kinetic approach to examine the specific factors which account for these changes in optical properties as cells photoadapt. Using Triton X-100 to solubilize membranes, we were able to differentiate between "package" effects and pigmentation effects. Our analyses suggest that 43-49% of the variability in a[SUP*] is due to changes in pigmentation, whereas 51-57% is due to the "package" effect Further analyses revealed that changes in cell size did not significantly affect packaging, while thylakoid stacking and the transparency of thylakoid membranes were important factors. Our results suggest that thylokoid membrane protein/lipid ratios change during photoadaplation, and these changes influence the effective rate of light harvesting per unit chlorophyll a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - DUNALIELLA
KW  - POLYBLEPHARIDACEAE
KW  - THYLAKOIDS
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - Absorption cross section
KW  - chlorophyll
KW  - Dunaliella
KW  - membrane
KW  - package effect
KW  - photoadaplation
KW  - thylakoid
KW  - Triton X-100
N1  - Accession Number: 11567025; Berner, Tomar 1 Dubinsky, Zvy 1 Wyman, Kevin 2 Falkowski, Paul G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Life Sciences, bar Itan University, Ramat Gan, 52000 Israel.  2: Oceanographic Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11975.; Source Info: Mar1989, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p70; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: DUNALIELLA; Subject Term: POLYBLEPHARIDACEAE; Subject Term: THYLAKOIDS; Subject Term: CHLOROPLASTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption cross section; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorophyll; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dunaliella; Author-Supplied Keyword: membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: package effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoadaplation; Author-Supplied Keyword: thylakoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triton X-100; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11567025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - O'Neill, E. G.
T1  - Growth dynamics and water use of seedlings of Quercus alba L. in CO2-enriched atmospheres.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 111
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
EP  - 500
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - White oak (Quercus alba L.) seedlings were grown from a half-sib collection of acorns in pots containing a nutrient-poor forest soil and maintained in controlled-environment chambers having mean atmospheric CO2 concentrations of 389, 496, and 793 cm³ m-3. Additions of nitrogen and phosphorus to the soil increased plant growth, indicating that the unfertilized plants were nutrient deficient. Despite the nutrient deficiency, the plants grown in elevated concentrations of CO2 generally were larger than those in ambient CO2, but dry weight data from harvests at 5, 12, 24, and 36 weeks provided insufficient evidence of an effect of CO2 because of the high variability associated with the recurrently-flushing habit of these seedlings. Mathematical growth analysis based on periodic non-destructive measurements allowed comparisons of the continuous growth patterns of the plants and avoided the problems of ontogeneitc variation. CO2 enrichment was thus shown to increase plant growth rate primarily through increased unit leaf rate rather than increased leaf area production. Unit leaf rate during the second half of the experiment was 22 and 27% higher in the medium and high concentrations of CO2 compared with that in low CO2. Instantaneous measurements of foliar gas exchange also showed that CO2 assimilation increased with CO2 enrichment. The most pronounced effect of CO2 enrichment was increased water-use efficiency, which was shown both through whole-plant gravimetric analysis and instantaneous gas exchange measurements. Whole-plant water-use efficiency for the duration of the experiment was increased by 52 and 82% by the mdiurn and high concentrations of CO2. Limitations of resources, including water and nutrients, do not preclude plant growth responses to CO2 enrichment of the atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - OAK
KW  - FOREST soils
KW  - PHOSPHORUS
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - CO2 assimilation
KW  - growth analysis
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - water-use efficiency
KW  - white oak
N1  - Accession Number: 12370851; Norby, Richard J. 1 O'Neill, E. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Source Info: Mar1989, Vol. 111 Issue 3, p491; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Subject Term: OAK; Subject Term: FOREST soils; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: water-use efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamish Robertson, R. G.
T1  - Physics of Massive Neutrinos (Book).
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 42
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 102
EP  - 104
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Reviews the book "Physics of Massive Neutrinos," by Felix Boehm and Petr Vogel.
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - BOEHM, Felix
KW  - VOGEL, Petr
KW  - PHYSICS of Massive Neutrinos (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10385252; Hamish Robertson, R. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar89, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p102; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PHYSICS of Massive Neutrinos (Book); People: BOEHM, Felix; People: VOGEL, Petr; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Swenson Jr., G. W.
AU  - Fowler, Clarence M.
AU  - Ogle, William
AU  - Grover, George M.
AU  - Stratton, William R.
AU  - Lightman, Alan
AU  - Shapiro, Irwin
AU  - Tananbaum, Harvey
T1  - OBITUARIES: George McVittie, Ernest W. Salmi, Yoram Avni.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 42
IS  - 3
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 128
EP  - 134
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Pays tribute to several late physicists, including George McVittie and Yoram Avni.
KW  - MCVITTIE, George
N1  - Accession Number: 14984460; Swenson Jr., G. W. 1 Fowler, Clarence M. 2 Ogle, William 3 Grover, George M. Stratton, William R. Lightman, Alan 4 Shapiro, Irwin Tananbaum, Harvey; Affiliation:  1: University of Illinois, Urbana—Champaign  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  3: Department of Energy, Washington, DC  4: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Source Info: Mar89, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p128; People: MCVITTIE, George; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hoddeson, Lillian
AU  - Brown, Laurie
AU  - Dresden, Max
T1  - Bubble Chamber Photoomission.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1989/03//
VL  - 42
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 154
EP  - 154
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about the article "Pions to Quarks: Particle Physics in the 1950s," by Lillian Hoddeson, Laurie Brown and Max Dresden, which appeared in the November 1988 issue of the journal "Physics Today."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10377187; Hoddeson, Lillian 1 Brown, Laurie 2 Dresden, Max 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign and Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois  2: Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois  3: State University of New York, Stony Brook; Source Info: Mar89, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p154; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Wen-Rui
AU  - Chen, Liqing
AU  - Rose, John
AU  - Wei, Chin Hsuan
AU  - Abrams, Leatrice
AU  - Sax, Martin
AU  - Wang, Bi-Cheng
T1  - A new crystal form of ricin-OR.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1989/03/15/
VL  - 180
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 328
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Ricin-OR, an antitumor toxin, has been crystallized in space group P2 with cell parameters a = 8.77 nm, b = 4.64 nm, c = 7.64 nm and β = 101°. There is one molecule in the asymmetric unit and the solvent content is estimated to be 48% by volume. The crystals diffract to 0.25 nm resolution which is higher than that of the previously reported C2 crystal form which had a solvent content of 65%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RICIN
KW  - PLANT toxins
KW  - CASTOR beans
KW  - TOXALBUMINS
KW  - ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
N1  - Accession Number: 13797855; Chang, Wen-Rui 1 Chen, Liqing 1 Rose, John 1 Wei, Chin Hsuan 2 Abrams, Leatrice 1,3 Sax, Martin 3 Wang, Bi-Cheng 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Crystallography, University of Pittsburgh  2: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  3: Biocrystallography Laboratory, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Pittsburgh  4: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh; Source Info: 3/15/89, Vol. 180 Issue 2, p327; Subject Term: RICIN; Subject Term: PLANT toxins; Subject Term: CASTOR beans; Subject Term: TOXALBUMINS; Subject Term: ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraft, R.
AU  - Buerki, H.
AU  - Schweizer, T.
AU  - Hess, M. W.
AU  - Cottier, H.
AU  - Stoner, R. D.
T1  - Tetanus toxoid complexed with heterologous antibody can induce germinal centre formation and B cell memory in mice without evoking a detectable anti-toxin response.
JO  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
JF  - Clinical & Experimental Immunology
Y1  - 1989/04//
VL  - 76
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 138
EP  - 143
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00099104
AB  - Fluid free tetanus toxoid (FTT) alone or FTT complexed in vitro at equivalence (EQ) or in antibody excess (ABEX) with anti-toxin contained in a human gammaglobulin preparation (HGG). or HGG alone, were injected into the hind leg foot pads of mice. Anti-toxin titres of mouse scrum were measured and compared with proliferative reactions in popliteal lymph nodes, based on combined ³H-thymidine autoradiography and planimetry, as a function of time. FTT in complex with HGG in ABEX failed to elicit a measurable anti-toxin response but caused, of all the materials tested. the most marked numerical increase of germinal centres. This finding is in accord with results of earlier studies indicating that the same heterologous antigen-antibody complexes at EQ or in ABEX can prime the animals, usually without eliciting antibody production detectable by serum titration. The model system used in the present experiments is thus well suited for a separation of the two principal arms of the dichotomous humoral immune response, i.e. by inducing germinal centre and B cell memory development but not specific antibody formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical & Experimental Immunology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TETANUS
KW  - LYMPH nodes
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM diseases
KW  - B cells
KW  - SERUM
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - antibody responses
KW  - germinal centres
KW  - immune complexes
KW  - memory B cells
KW  - tetanus toxoid
N1  - Accession Number: 16239191; Kraft, R. 1,2 Buerki, H. 1,2 Schweizer, T. 1,2 Hess, M. W. 1,2 Cottier, H. 1,2 Stoner, R. D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Pathology, University of Berne, Central Laboratory, Swiss Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, CH-3010 Berne.  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY.; Source Info: Apr1989, Vol. 76 Issue 1, p138; Subject Term: TETANUS; Subject Term: LYMPH nodes; Subject Term: CLOSTRIDIUM diseases; Subject Term: B cells; Subject Term: SERUM; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Author-Supplied Keyword: antibody responses; Author-Supplied Keyword: germinal centres; Author-Supplied Keyword: immune complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: memory B cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: tetanus toxoid; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buse, Gerhard
AU  - Hensel, Sieghard
AU  - Fee, James A.
T1  - Evidence for cytochrome oxidase subunit I and a cytochrome <em>c</em> - subunit II fused protein in the cytochrome 'c1aa3' of <em>Thermus thermophilus</em>.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1989/04/15/
VL  - 181
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 268
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The terminal cytochrome c1aa3 of the respiratory chain of Thermos thermophilous has been isolated and purified to homogeneity by a novel procedure. The two subunit proteins (55 and 33 kDa) have been characterized chemically. Computer searches with partial amino acid sequences obtained from both subunits show that the larger subunit belongs to the cytochrome oxidase subunit I protein family while the smaller covalently hemebinding subunit is not a cytochrome c1 but appears to be a fused protein between cytochrome c and cytochrome oxidase subunit II.With respect to the 16-S rRNA-derived phylogeny of procaryotes, the results show that the genetic information for an O2-reacting cytochrome oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1) existed already in early bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - HEMOPROTEINS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL pigments
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13799437; Buse, Gerhard 1 Hensel, Sieghard 1 Fee, James A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Biochemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen  2: Isotope and Structural Chemistry Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 4/15/89, Vol. 181 Issue 1, p261; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: HEMOPROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL pigments; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teegarden, B. J.
AU  - Darthelmy, S. D.
AU  - Gehrels, N.
AU  - Tueller, I.
AU  - Leventhal, M.
AU  - MacCallum, C. J.
T1  - Resolution of the 1,238.keV γ-ray line from supernova 1987A.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 1989/05/11/
VL  - 339
IS  - 6220
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
EP  - 123
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The article presents the resolution of the 1,238.keV γ-ray line from supernova 1987A from the maiden flight of the Gamma-Ray Imaging Spectrometer. SN11987A was observed for a period of 11.1 hours on May 1, 1988. Line emission at 1, 238 keV were detected. A gaussian line profile gives an acceptable fit to the 1, 238-keV line. Other significant information relative to the matter is presented.
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - CATACLYSMIC variable stars
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 23785660; Teegarden, B. J. 1 Darthelmy, S. D. 1 Gehrels, N. 1 Tueller, I. 1 Leventhal, M. 2 MacCallum, C. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Goddard Space Fright Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA  2: AT&T/Bell Laboratories, 600 Mountain Avenue. Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories. Organization 1200, Albaquerque. New Mexico 87185, USA; Source Info: 5/11/1989, Vol. 339 Issue 6220, p122; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: CATACLYSMIC variable stars; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kross, Brian
T1  - GEM Artline: Great-looking Graphics.
JO  - Design News
JF  - Design News
Y1  - 1989/06/19/
VL  - 45
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 162
SN  - 00119407
AB  - Features the computer software GEM Artline from Digital research. Operation of the software under the GEM/3 environment; Design of GEM's computer programs; Icons representing the display system.
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ICON (Computer program language)
KW  - INFORMATION display systems
KW  - COMPUTER industry
KW  - DIGITAL Research Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 14022148; Kross, Brian 1; Affiliation:  1: mechanical engineer at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL; Source Info: 6/19/89, Vol. 45 Issue 12, p162; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: ICON (Computer program language); Subject Term: INFORMATION display systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER industry; Company/Entity: DIGITAL Research Inc. DUNS Number: 942955238; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janson, Bruce N.
T1  - Evaluation Methodologies for Transport Investment.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1989/08//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 226
EP  - 227
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - Reviews the book "Evaluation Methodologies for Transport Investment," by Michael S. Roe.
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ROE, Michael S.
KW  - EVALUATION Methodologies for Transport Investment (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17052722; Janson, Bruce N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Transportation Research and Systems Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6366; Source Info: Aug89, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p226; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: EVALUATION Methodologies for Transport Investment (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; People: ROE, Michael S.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carnes, Sam Abbott
AU  - Watson, Annetta Paule
T1  - Disposing of the US Chemical Weapons Stockpile.
JO  - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association
JF  - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association
Y1  - 1989/08/04/
VL  - 262
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 659
SN  - 00987484
AB  - Discusses approaches to dispose of the U.S. chemical weapons stockpile. Recognition of the international implications of disposing lethal unitary weapons; Description of the stockpile; Characterization of the toxicology and physical properties of the chemical agents; Disposal options considered by the U.S. Army; Role of a programmatic health and environmental assessment in the decision making process.
KW  - CHEMICAL weapons disposal
KW  - CHEMICAL weapons
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare agents
KW  - UNITED States. Army
N1  - Accession Number: 10940893; Carnes, Sam Abbott 1 Watson, Annetta Paule 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Source Info: 8/4/89, Vol. 262 Issue 5, p653; Subject Term: CHEMICAL weapons disposal; Subject Term: CHEMICAL weapons; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: CHEMICAL warfare agents; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Army; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vestal, J. Robie
AU  - White, David C.
T1  - Lipid analysis in microbial ecology.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1989/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
EP  - 541
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Examines new analytical techniques for studying components of ecosystems.  View that all the essential biochemical cycles of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur are mediated by communities of microorganisms, suggesting their importance to the ecosystem as a whole; Methods developed by microbiologists in studying fungi and bacteria; Extraction of lipids; Microbial biomass; Community structure; Metabolic status; Metabolic activity.
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ECOSYSTEM management
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 8910090907; Vestal, J. Robie 1 White, David C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Professor of biological sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0006  2: University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distinguished Scientist and professor of microbiology and ecology, University of Tennessee; Source Info: Sep89, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p535; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ECOSYSTEM management; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL ecology; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5173
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herzig, Ronny
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - NITROGEN LIMITATION IN <em>ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA</em> (HAPTOPHYCEAE). I. PHOTOSYNTHETIC ENERGY CONVERSION AND GROWTH EFFICIENCIES.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1989/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 462
EP  - 471
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The effect of steady-state nitrogen limitation on photosynthetic characteristics and growth efficiency was examined in the marine hoptohyte Isochrysis galbana Green. Nitrate limited chemostats were maintained at nine dilution rates, ranging from 0.18-0.96 d[SUP-1], under continuous irradiance levels of 175 μmole quanta m[SUP-2] s[SUP-1], an irradiance level which saturated photosynthesis at all growth rates. Nitrogen limitation led to an overall reduction in pigmentation and a decrease in the cellular concentration of reaction centers; however, the optical absorption cross section, normalized to Chl a, increased. Moreover, Chl c/a ratios were higher in nitrogen-limited cells; the change in Chl c/a ratios were correlated with an increase in the functional size of Photosystem II. Both light saturated photosynthetic rates normalized per cell and specific respiratory losses were positively linearly correlated with growth rate. Light saturates photosynthetic rates normalized to Chl a remained relatively insensitive to the rate of nitrogen supply the minimum quantum requirement for gross photosynthetic oxygen evolution increased from 12.4 to 17.0 quanta / O[SUB2] At the growth irradiance, the quantum requirement increased 88% from 19.9 to 37.5 quata / O[SUB2] photosynthesis, / respiration ratios remained relatively constant at dilution rates greater than 35% of the maximum relative growth rate. Consequently, net growth efficiency, defined as the ratio of the specific growth rate, μ, to specific gross photosynthesis, p. also remained relatively constant over this range of growth rates overaging 85 ± 3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMOSTAT
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - RESPIRATION in plants
KW  - PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE
KW  - EFFECT of light on plants
KW  - Absorption cross-section
KW  - chemostat
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - quantum yields
KW  - reaction center
KW  - respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 11557366; Herzig, Ronny 1 Falkowski, Paul G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied  Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory,  Upton , New York  11973.; Source Info: Sep89, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p462; Subject Term: CHEMOSTAT; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: RESPIRATION in plants; Subject Term: PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE; Subject Term: EFFECT of light on plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption cross-section; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemostat; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantum yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction center; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11557366
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
AU  - AssaffSukenik, Paul G.
AU  - Herzig, Ronny
T1  - NITROGEN LIMITATION IN <em>ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA</em> (HAPTOPHYCEAE). II. RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF CHLOROPLAST PROTEINS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1989/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 478
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Using spectroscopic, biophysical and immunological techniques, we assayed the relative abundance of ten chloroplast proteins and protein complexes in the marine haptophyte, Isochrysis galbana Green, grown at nine steady-state dilution rates in nitrogen-limited chemostats. The proteins included Photosystem I reaction center (RCI) chlorophyll protein, CPI; Photosystem II reaction enter (RC II) protein, D 1: two chlorophyll a-binding apoprotein, CP 43 and CP 47; 33 Kda oxygen evolving protein, OEC 33; α subunit of couling factor, CF 1 α large (LSU) and small subunits (SSU) of ribulose 1.5-bisphophae carboxylase, RUBixCO; the chlorophyll a/c/ fucoxanthin protein complex, LHCP; and cytochrome b[SUB6]/f. Seven of the ten protein complexes are encoded in the chloroplast, two are encoded in the nucleus and one shares chloroplast and unclear genomes. Over the rage of dilution rates (0.96- 0.18 d[SUP-1]) cell N decreased 42% and cellular chlorophyll a decreased 50% however, the stochimometric proportion of RC II: cytochrome b[SUB6] /f: RC I remained constant, averaging 1:3.3:.8. In constrast, RuBisCO/ PS II decreased by 58%. The light harvesting chlorophyll a/c/ fucoxanthign protein complex increased relative to RC II: however, as cells became more nitrogen limited the fraction of total cell nitrogen contained in RuBisCo decreased from 21.3 to 6.7% whereas that of the light harvesting complex remained relatively constant, averaging 6.8% Our results generally support the hypothesis that in nitrogen limited cells, protein encoded in the nuclear gnome are synthesized preferentially over those encoded in the chloroplast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - WESTERN immunoblotting
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - HEMOPROTEINS
KW  - Chlorophyll protein complex
KW  - cytochrome
KW  - nitrogen limitation
KW  - oxygen evolving complex
KW  - photosynthetic apparatus
KW  - reaction center
KW  - Western blot
N1  - Accession Number: 11557371; Falkowski, Paul G. 1 AssaffSukenik, Paul G. 2 Herzig, Ronny 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  2: Department of Marine Biology,  Israel Oceanographic and  Limnological  Institute, Ltd., Haifs,  Israel  31080.; Source Info: Sep89, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p471; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: WESTERN immunoblotting; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: HEMOPROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorophyll protein complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen limitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxygen evolving complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetic apparatus; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction center; Author-Supplied Keyword: Western blot; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11557371
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burton, Hilary D.
T1  - The Improbable Machine (Book).
JO  - Library Journal
JF  - Library Journal
Y1  - 1989/10//10/1/1989
VL  - 114
IS  - 16
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 114
EP  - 114
PB  - Media Source, Inc.
SN  - 03630277
AB  - Reviews the book "The Improbable Machine," by Jeremy Campbell.
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - CAMPBELL, Jeremy
KW  - IMPROBABLE Machine, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13928518; Burton, Hilary D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Source Info: 10/1/1989, Vol. 114 Issue 16, p114; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Reviews & Products: IMPROBABLE Machine, The (Book); People: CAMPBELL, Jeremy; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McWright, G.
AU  - Ross, B.
T1  - ALL-OPTICAL CUTOFF MODULATION IN GALLIUM ARSENIDE RIDGE WAVEGUIDES.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1989/11//
VL  - 2
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
EP  - 374
SN  - 08952477
AB  - We discuss all-optical cutoff modulation in gallium arsenide integrated optical ridge waveguides for a guide wavelength of 1.3 µm. These modulators use the change in refractive index due to electron-hole pair generation to bring the waveguide to cutoff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC waves
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - all-optical modulation
KW  - Integrated optics
KW  - optical waveguides
N1  - Accession Number: 13906240; McWright, G. 1 Ross, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P. O. Box 808. Mail Stop, L-156 Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Nov89, Vol. 2 Issue 11, p373; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC waves; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Author-Supplied Keyword: all-optical modulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Integrated optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical waveguides; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeAngeles, D. L.
AU  - Mulholland, P. J.
AU  - Palumbo, A. V.
AU  - Steinman, A. D.
AU  - Huston, M. A.
AU  - Elwood, J. W.
T1  - NUTRIENT DYNAMICS AND FOOD-WEB STABILITY.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1989/12//
VL  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 95
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Discusses the importance of nutrient limitation and recycling in ecosystems. Coverage of the types of stability to ecosystems; Theoretical predictions about the resilience of food webs; Reasons for changes in the level of nutrient input.
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL ecology
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - SOIL stabilization
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - SLOPE stability (Soil mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12408383; DeAngeles, D. L. 1 Mulholland, P. J. 1 Palumbo, A. V. 1 Steinman, A. D. 1 Huston, M. A. 1 Elwood, J. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038; Source Info: 1989, Vol. 20, p71; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL ecology; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: SOIL stabilization; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: SLOPE stability (Soil mechanics); Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, Monica Goigel
T1  - LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY: The Effect of Pattern on Process.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1989/12//
VL  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 197
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Discusses the characterization of landscape patterns and their effects on ecological processes. Context of landscape ecology; Quantification of landscape patterns; Analysis of spatial patterns of climax vegetation.
KW  - LANDSCAPES
KW  - LANDSCAPE ecology
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL management
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - SPATIAL analysis (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12408433; Turner, Monica Goigel 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: 1989, Vol. 20, p171; Subject Term: LANDSCAPES; Subject Term: LANDSCAPE ecology; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL management; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: SPATIAL analysis (Statistics); Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Roy, Rustum
AU  - Herzenberg, Caroline L.
AU  - Mevissen, John
AU  - Widom, Allan
AU  - Wallerstein, George
T1  - Prizes and Their Problems.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1989/12//
VL  - 42
IS  - 12
M3  - Letter
SP  - 97
EP  - 100
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents letters to the editor about David Mermin and his points of view on certain subjects in response to several articles  by Mermin, including his suggestion in the January 1989 issue that doing physics is more important than nominating people for prizes and sitting on committees to review the nominations.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - MERMIN, David
N1  - Accession Number: 10350296; Roy, Rustum 1 Herzenberg, Caroline L. 2 Mevissen, John 3 Widom, Allan 4 Wallerstein, George 5; Affiliation:  1: Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  3: Cornell University, Ithaca, New York  4: Northeastern University, Boston, MA  5: University of washington, Seattle, Washington; Source Info: Dec89, Vol. 42 Issue 12, p97; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; People: MERMIN, David; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
T1  - Classics of immunology .
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1990/01//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 58
EP  - 58
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book `Milestones in Immunology.  A Historical Explanation,' edited by Debra J. Bibel.
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - MILESTONES in Immunology: A Historical Exploration (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9002051311; Kennel, Stephen J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: Jan1990, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p58; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: MILESTONES in Immunology: A Historical Exploration (Book); Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 469
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lederman, L. M.
T1  - LOW PAY AND LONG HOURS.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1990/01//
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 11
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - This article presents the author's response to a letter by a young undergraduate criticizing his lecture, Low Pay and Long Hours, which focuses on the joys of career in science. The young undergraduate gave his conclusion by asking two sets of questions about the significance of pursuing careers in science and the prospects for success in terms of making great scientific discoveries. To clarify guidance on so complex and subtle series of issues on career guidance, the author relates his passion for science and his experiences when he was in high school as a B-to-B+ student. He graduated from City College in New York as a cum laude--that is, with a B+ average. The author justifies that any trained scientist or engineer who is average is assured of employment at reasonable wages.
KW  - LETTERS
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - OCCUPATIONS
KW  - VOCATIONAL guidance
KW  - DISCOVERIES in science
KW  - SCIENTISTS
N1  - Accession Number: 9003050354; Lederman, L. M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Director emeritus of Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois  2: Professor of Physics, University of Chicago; Source Info: Jan90, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: LETTERS; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Subject Term: OCCUPATIONS; Subject Term: VOCATIONAL guidance; Subject Term: DISCOVERIES in science; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624310 Vocational Rehabilitation Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martens, J. S.
AU  - Beyer, J. B.
AU  - Nordman, J. E.
AU  - Ginley, D. S.
T1  - A BROADBAND MICROWAVE LINEAR PHASE MODULATOR MADE OF HIGH Tc SUPERCONDUCTORS.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1990/02//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 51
SN  - 08952477
AB  - A superconducting linear phase modulator using a single film device made of Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O for operation at 77 K is presented The modulator has been analyzed from 300 MHz to about 6 GHz with good linearity for peak phase deviations up to 100 rad. Modulation has been observed for carriers up to 35 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MODULATORS (Electronics)
KW  - BROADBAND amplifiers
KW  - MODULATION (Electronics)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - high Tc superconductors
KW  - Phase modalutor
KW  - superconducting electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 13442891; Martens, J. S. 1 Beyer, J. B. 1 Nordman, J. E. 1 Ginley, D. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1691  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Organization 1144, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Feb90, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p49; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MODULATORS (Electronics); Subject Term: BROADBAND amplifiers; Subject Term: MODULATION (Electronics); Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: high Tc superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase modalutor; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting electronics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cinotti, L.
AU  - Edery, S.
AU  - Kahn, E.
AU  - Susskind, H.
AU  - Brilla, A.
AU  - Paola, R.
T1  - Luna scintigraphy clustering by texture analysis.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1990/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 359
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154324; Cinotti, L. 1 Edery, S. 2 Kahn, E. 1 Susskind, H. 3 Brilla, A. 3 Paola, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: INSERM U 66 - Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94800 Villejuif France  2: Laboratoire de Probabilitès, Universitè Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris France  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Source Info: Apr1990, Vol. 16 Issue 4-6, p353; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00842792
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Ambrose, K.
AU  - Dudczak, Robert
AU  - Reske, S.
AU  - Kropp, J.
T1  - Catabolism of 15-(p-lodophenyl)-3-R,S-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) by isolated rat hearts.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1990/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 367
EP  - 368
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154322; Knapp, F. 1 Ambrose, K. 1 Dudczak, Robert 2 Reske, S. 3 Kropp, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Medicine Group, Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), 37831-6022 Oak Ridge USA  2: Department of Nuclear Medicine, I. Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Lazarettgasse 14 A-1090 Wien Austria  3: Nuklear Medizin Abteilung, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 1 D-5100 Aachen Germany  4: Institut für Klinische und Experimentelle Nuklear Medizin, University of Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25 D-5300 Bonn 1 Germany; Source Info: Apr1990, Vol. 16 Issue 4-6, p367; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1007/BF00842794
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, G. S.
AU  - Pier, P. A.
AU  - Kelly, J. M.
T1  - Influence of ozone and soil magnesium status on the cold hardiness of loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) seedlings.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1990/05//
VL  - 115
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 164
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - One-year-old half-sib loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) seedling were planted in a sandy loam soil having approximately 15 or 35 mg kg-1 of exchangeable Mg and were exposed to subambient, ambient, or twice ambient (0.02, 0.05, or 0.09 μl O3 l-1, respectively) concentrations of O3 in open-top chambers from April to October 1988. The cold hardiness of seedling was tested on October 24, January 24,and March 21 by subjecting needle samples from the first and last growth flush to temperatures of -5,-10,-15, and -20 °C and determining relative electrical conductivity of the diffusate. Seedlings exposed to twice ambient O3 levels during the growing season were less hardened in early autumn and spring than seedlings exposed to ambient or subambient levels of O3 suggesting that O3 affects the plant's hardening and dehardening processes. Ozone and soil Mg treatments had no significant effects on visible injury of shoots following freezing treatments, nor were any visible symptoms of injury due to O3 evident during the study. Water potential components of excised shoots were estimated using pressure volume analysis. Osmotic potentials became more negative over the dormant peroid, suggesting that solutes had accumulated in the cells as seedling hardened. Seedlings grown in high Mg soil had less negative osmotic potentials in January and March than those grown in Low Mg soil, suggesting that seedling in high Mg soil were more susceptible to cold temperatures,due to greater physiological activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - SOILS -- Magnesium content
KW  - PLANTS -- Hardiness
KW  - EFFECT of ozone on plants
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - cold hardiness
KW  - loblolly pine.
KW  - Mg deficiency
KW  - Ozone
N1  - Accession Number: 12407355; Edwards, G. S. 1 Pier, P. A. 1 Kelly, J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Tennessee Valley Authority, Cooperative Forest Studies Program, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 1506, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA; Source Info: May90, Vol. 115 Issue 1, p157; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Subject Term: SOILS -- Magnesium content; Subject Term: PLANTS -- Hardiness; Subject Term: EFFECT of ozone on plants; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: cold hardiness; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mg deficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Jane K.
T1  - Before gene cloning .
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1990/06//
VL  - 40
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 463
EP  - 464
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Reviews the book `Molecular Genetics of Escherichia coli,' by Peter Smith-Keary.
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SMITH-Keary, Peter
KW  - MOLECULAR Genetics of Escherichia coli (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9007020493; Setlow, Jane K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: Jun90, Vol. 40 Issue 6, p463; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: MOLECULAR Genetics of Escherichia coli (Book); People: SMITH-Keary, Peter; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 596
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pearson, Peter K.
AU  - Sibley, Edgar H.
T1  - Fast Hashing of Variable-Length Text Strings.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1990/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 680
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article focuses on hashing techniques. The relatively rare articles on hashing functions themselves tend to discuss algorithms that operate on values of predetermined length or that make heavy use of operations (multiplication, division, or shifts of long bit strings) that are absent from the instruction sets of smaller microprocessors. Two desirable properties of this algorithm for hashing variable-length strings derive from the technique of cryptographic checksums or message authentication codes, from which it is adapted. First, a good cryptographic checksum ensures that small changes to the data result In large and seemingly random changes to the checksum. In the hashing adaptation, this results in good separation of very similar strings. The purpose of any text hashing function is to take text strings, even very similar text strings and map them onto integers that are spread as uniformly as possible over the intended range of output values. In the absence of prior knowledge about the strings being hashed, a perfectly uniform output distribution cannot be expected.
KW  - HASHING (Computer science)
KW  - FILE organization (Computer science)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - ECONOMIC forecasting
KW  - COMPUTER science
N1  - Accession Number: 5221982; Pearson, Peter K. 1 Sibley, Edgar H.; Affiliation:  1: Computer Scientist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jun90, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p677; Subject Term: HASHING (Computer science); Subject Term: FILE organization (Computer science); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: ECONOMIC forecasting; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/78973.78978
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin-Yee Lu
AU  - Berryman, James G.
T1  - Inverse Scattering, Seismic Traveltime Tomography, and Neural Networks.
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 1990///Summer90
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
EP  - 118
SN  - 08999457
AB  - Inverse scattering methods for reconstructing sound-wave-speed structure in three dimensions have been shown to be equivalent to inverting line integrals when the scattered field is of sufficiently high frequency and the scattering is sufficiently weak. Seismic traveltime tomography uses first arrival traveltime data to invert for wave-speed structure. Of course, the traveltime is itself a line integral along a refracting ray path through the medium being probed. The similarity between these two inversion problems is discussed. One type of neural network—the Hopfield net—may be used to improve the traveltime inversion. We find that, by taking advantage of the general relationship between least-squares solutions and generalized inverses, the neural networks approach eliminates the need for inverting singular or poorly conditioned matrices and therefore also eliminates the need for the damping term often used to regularize such inversions. This procedure produces reconstructions with fewer artifacts and faster convergence than those attained previously using damped least-squares methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INVERSE scattering transform
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - INVERSE problems (Differential equations)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - SEISMIC traveltime inversion
N1  - Accession Number: 14183178; Shin-Yee Lu 1 Berryman, James G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-156, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Summer90, Vol. 2 Issue 2, p112; Subject Term: INVERSE scattering transform; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: INVERSE problems (Differential equations); Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SEISMIC traveltime inversion; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Storms, Edmund
T1  - Dance of discovery.
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1990/06/09/
VL  - 137
IS  - 23
M3  - Letter
SP  - 355
EP  - 355
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about the need to investigate the accuracy of cold fusion scientifically and objectively rather than with any bias, in relation to the article "Cold Fusion: Wanted Dead and Alive," in the April 7, 1990 issue (page 212) of Science News.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COLD fusion
N1  - Accession Number: 10146645; Storms, Edmund 1; Affiliation:  1: Staff Member, Nuclear Materials Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.; Source Info: 6/9/90, Vol. 137 Issue 23, p355; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COLD fusion; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 486
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Crawford, Charles R.
AU  - Hill, Richard
AU  - Lytle, Noel K.
AU  - Hubley, Craig
AU  - Max, Nelson L.
AU  - Meyer, Steve
T1  - ACM FORUM.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1990/07//
VL  - 33
IS  - 7
M3  - Letter
SP  - 19
EP  - 127
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues, including an article on certification, "HDTV and the Computer Industry," in the November 1989 issue, and an article on the recipient of the 1989 A.M. Turing Award.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - CERTIFICATION
KW  - HIGH definition television
KW  - COMPUTER industry
KW  - AWARDS
N1  - Accession Number: 17930326; Crawford, Charles R. Hill, Richard 1 Lytle, Noel K. 2 Hubley, Craig 3 Max, Nelson L. 4 Meyer, Steve 5; Affiliation:  1: Hewlett-Packard--Middle East Operations, Route du Nant-d'Avril 150, P.O. Box CH-1217, Meyrin 2, Geneva, Switzerland  2: Lytle and Associates, Inc., P.O. Box 767336, Atlanta, GA 30076-7336  3: Craig Hubley & Assoc., 700 Spadina Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2J2  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550  5: Pragmatic C Software, 220 Montgomery Street, Suite 925, San Francisco, CA 94104; Source Info: Jul1990, Vol. 33 Issue 7, p19; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: CERTIFICATION; Subject Term: HIGH definition television; Subject Term: COMPUTER industry; Subject Term: AWARDS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham, Robin Lambert
AU  - Turner, Monica G.
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
T1  - How increasing CO2 and climate change affect forests.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1990/09//
VL  - 40
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
EP  - 587
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Examines potential forest responses to spatial and temporal scales.  Relationship among climate, atmosphere, soils, biota, and human activities; Biosphere; Biome; Ecosystem; Trees; Future implications.
KW  - CLIMATIC changes -- Research
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - TREES
KW  - GEOBIOLOGY
KW  - BIOSPHERE
KW  - ECOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 9010080535; Graham, Robin Lambert 1 Turner, Monica G. 1 Dale, Virginia H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Research scientists, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038; Source Info: Sep90, Vol. 40 Issue 8, p575; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes -- Research; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: TREES; Subject Term: GEOBIOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOSPHERE; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 11471
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
AU  - Williams, R. Gary
T1  - CULTURE SHOCK AT THE WEAPONS COMPLEX.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1990/09//
VL  - 46
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 33
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Discusses management cultural reform taking place within the United States Department of Energy. Reform measures outlined by Energy Secretary James Watkins; Creation of a comprehensive epidemiology database on human health in the face of low-level ionizing radiation; Researchers assisting from outside the Department.
KW  - EPIDEMIOLOGY
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - CORPORATE culture
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
KW  - WATKINS, James D., 1927-2012
N1  - Accession Number: 13416437; Olshansky, S. Jay 1 Williams, R. Gary 2; Affiliation:  1: demographer, Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois  2: manager, Social and Natural Resources section at Argonne; Source Info: Sep1990, Vol. 46 Issue 7, p29; Subject Term: EPIDEMIOLOGY; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: MANAGEMENT; Subject Term: CORPORATE culture; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; People: WATKINS, James D., 1927-2012; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2915
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lach, Joseph
AU  - Lach, Michael
T1  - The conscience of science.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1990/09//
VL  - 46
IS  - 7
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 42
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reviews the book "The Privilege of Being a Physicist," by Victor F. Weisskopf.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - WEISSKOPF, Victor
KW  - PRIVILEGE of Being a Physicist, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9010222725; Lach, Joseph 1 Lach, Michael; Affiliation:  1: research scientist, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois; Source Info: Sep1990, Vol. 46 Issue 7, p42; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Reviews & Products: PRIVILEGE of Being a Physicist, The (Book); People: WEISSKOPF, Victor; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 745
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Debasish
AU  - Foote, Robert S.
AU  - Boulden, Amy M.
AU  - Mitra, Sankar
T1  - Physicochemical studies of human <em>O</em>6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1990/10/24/
VL  - 193
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
EP  - 343
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, present in most organisms, removes mutagenic and carcinogenic O6-alkylguanine from DNA by accepting the alkyl group in a stoichiometric reaction. The protein has been partially purified from human placenta. It reacts with second-order rate constants of 2.20 × 108 and 0.067 × 108 lmol-1 min-1 at 37 °C for duplex and single-stranded DNA substrates, respectively. The corresponding value for the alkylated base in synthetic poly(dC, dG, m6G) is 0.02 × 108 1 mol-1 min- 1. The native protein is monomeric with a molecular mass of 22–24 kDa. Methylation of the protein does not lead to a gross change in its conformation but causes a slight reduction in its isoelectric point of 6.2. Although DNA protects the protein from heat inactivation, both duplex and single-stranded DNAs inhibit its activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The transferase reaction rate is also strongly inhibited by salt with about 20% of the maximum rate observed in physiological ionic strength. This inhibition is nonspecific with respect to the ions of univalent salts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHYLTRANSFERASES
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - PLACENTA
KW  - PROTEIN metabolism
KW  - TRANSFERASES
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13721611; Bhattacharyya, Debasish 1 Foote, Robert S. 1 Boulden, Amy M. 1 Mitra, Sankar 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 10/24/90, Vol. 193 Issue 2, p337; Subject Term: METHYLTRANSFERASES; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: PLACENTA; Subject Term: PROTEIN metabolism; Subject Term: TRANSFERASES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Litman, Gary W.
AU  - Haire, Robert N.
AU  - Amemiya, Chris T.
AU  - Shamblott, Michael J.
T1  - Antibody and immunoglobulin diversity. (Cover story)
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 1990/11//
VL  - 40
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 751
EP  - 757
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Observes differences in gene structure and organization in phylogenetically distant vertebrate species.  Variation in immunity molecules; Evolution of the antibody; Phylogenetic origins of inducible, specific immunity; Immunoglobulin genes in the higher vertebrates; Generation of antibody diversity; Other aspects.
KW  - GENETIC research
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - VERTEBRATES
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 9011192234; Litman, Gary W. 1 Haire, Robert N. 2 Amemiya, Chris T. 3 Shamblott, Michael J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Hines Professor of Pediatrics Research, University of South Florida's All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701  2: Research fellow, American Cancer Society, University of South Florida's All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701  3: Research fellow, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551  4: Center for Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21202; Source Info: Nov90, Vol. 40 Issue 10, p751; Subject Term: GENETIC research; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: VERTEBRATES; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5341
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rockett, Ian R. H.
AU  - Lieberman, Ellice S.
AU  - Hollinshead, William H.
AU  - Putnam, Sandra L.
AU  - Thode, Henry C.
T1  - Age, Sex, and Road-Use Patterns of Motor Vehicular Trauma in Rhode Island: A Population-Based Hospital Emergency Department Study.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 1990/12//
VL  - 80
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1516
EP  - 1518
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Population-based hospital emergency department data on motor vehicle traffic trauma in Rhode Island, 1984-85, are analyzed by age, sex, and road-use status. Annualized rates of overall and severe trauma were 1,195 cases (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1,164, 1,225) and 102 cases (95% CI = 94, 111) per 100,000 population, respectively. Overall and severe rates peaked at ages 15-24 years. Male rate excesses were most pronounced for motorcycle and pedal cycle trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRAFFIC accidents
KW  - TRANSPORTATION accidents
KW  - MOTOR vehicles
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - AUTOMOTIVE transportation
KW  - EMERGENCY medical services
KW  - HOSPITAL emergency services
KW  - MOTORCYCLES
KW  - RHODE Island
N1  - Accession Number: 9012241129; Rockett, Ian R. H. 1,2,3,4,5 Lieberman, Ellice S. 1,2,3,4,5 Hollinshead, William H. 1,2,3,4,5 Putnam, Sandra L. 1,2,3,4,5 Thode, Henry C. 1,2,3,4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Health, Leisure, and Safety, and the Health Services Research Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville  2: Department of Maternal and Child Health, Harvard School of Public Health  3: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston  4: Division of Family Health, Rhode Island Department of Health  5: Injury Prevention and Analysis Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec1990, Vol. 80 Issue 12, p1516; Subject Term: TRAFFIC accidents; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION accidents; Subject Term: MOTOR vehicles; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: AUTOMOTIVE transportation; Subject Term: EMERGENCY medical services; Subject Term: HOSPITAL emergency services; Subject Term: MOTORCYCLES; Subject Term: RHODE Island; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913130 Municipal police services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415190 Recreational and other motor vehicles merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336991 Motorcycle, Bicycle, and Parts Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336990 Other transportation equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 441228 Motorcycle, ATV, and All Other Motor Vehicle Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 441220 Motorcycle, boat and other motor vehicle dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488490 Other Support Activities for Road Transportation; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, S. D.
AU  - Reid, C. P. P.
T1  - Implication of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the cytokinin relations of loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.).
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1990/12//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 688
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Seven ectomycorrhizal fungi were screened by a soybean cell division bioassay to determine their potential for cytokinin synthesis. Fungal isolates of <em>Rhizopogon roseolus</em> (Corda) Hollos and <em>Suillus punctipes</em> (Peck) Sing. released significant quantities of cytokinin-like substances into the culture medium. In contrast, <em>Cenococcum geophilum</em> (Fr.), <em>Hebeloma crustuliniforme</em> (Bull. ex. St. Amans) Qual., <em>Pisolithus tinctorius</em> (Pers.) Coker and Couch, <em>Suillus granulatus</em> (L. ex. Fr.) O. Kuntze, and <em>Thelephora terrestris</em> (Ehrh.) Fr. failed to elicit a positive cytokinin response in the soybean bioassay. Purification of <em>S. punctipes</em> culture filtrates by cation exchange, organic solvent partitioning, and separation on Sephadex LH-20 revealed the presence of compounds with the same retention volume as zeatin and zeatin riboside. Greenhouse studies with loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) indicated that, together with improved plant growth and enhanced mineral nutrition, <em>P. tinctorius</em> mediated a significant effect on host cytokinin relations. Cytokinin activity of extracted needles increased 44 and 30% for 12- and 14-month-old seedings, respectively, following ectomycorrhizal establishment. Axenically grown seedlings colonized by <em>S. punctipes</em> showed no alterations in growth, nutrition, or cytokinin concentration, compared to non-inoculated controls, even though mycorrhizal formation exceeded 30%. The ability of ectomycorrhizal fungi to affect host cytokinins was not dependent upon an ability to synthesize cytokinins in pure culture. Results are discussed in relation to improved mineral nutrition, enhanced root growth, and increased short-root proliferation in the ectomycorrhizal association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi
KW  - CYTOKININS
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - CELL division (Biology)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL assay
KW  - Cytokinins
KW  - ectomycorrhizal fungi
KW  - loblolly pine
KW  - symbiosis.
N1  - Accession Number: 12499700; Wullschleger, S. D. 1 Reid, C. P. P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, U.S.A.  2: Department of Forestry, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.; Source Info: Dec90, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p681; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi; Subject Term: CYTOKININS; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: CELL division (Biology); Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytokinins; Author-Supplied Keyword: ectomycorrhizal fungi; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: symbiosis.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, M. B.
AU  - Kelly, J. M.
AU  - Taylor Jr., G. E.
AU  - Edwards, N. T.
T1  - Growth of five families of <em>Pinus taeda</em> L. during three years of ozone exposure.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1990/12//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 689
EP  - 694
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) seedlings of five half-sib families were grown for 3 yr in the field in open-top chambers. The seedlings were fumigated during the growing seasons (approximately April--October) with ozone at the following target levels: subambient (CF), ambient (AMB), and ambient +60 ppb (AMB +). At the end of the three growing seasons, no significant ozone effects on diameter, height or total biomass of the seedlings were detected, and no statistically significant ozone-family interactions were detected. Analysis of growth trends suggest that drought during the second and third growing seasons may have interacted with the ozone treatments. The importance of long-term studies under realistic field conditions is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - OZONE
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - DROUGHTS
KW  - drought effects.
KW  - genotypic variations
KW  - loblolly pine
KW  - Ozone
N1  - Accession Number: 12499701; Adams, M. B. 1 Kelly, J. M. 2 Taylor Jr., G. E. 3 Edwards, N. T. 4; Affiliation:  1: USDA Forest Service, Timber and Watershed Laboratory, Parsons, WV 26287, USA.  2: Tennessee Valley Authority, Cooperative Forest Studies Program, P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA.  3: Biological Sciences Center, Desert Research Institute, P.O. Box 60220, Reno, NV 89506-0220 USA.  4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA.; Source Info: Dec90, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p689; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: DROUGHTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought effects.; Author-Supplied Keyword: genotypic variations; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Grado, T.
AU  - Holden, J.
AU  - Gatley, S.
T1  - Catabolism of 15-( p-iodophenyl)- R,S-β-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) by isolated rat hearts.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1990/12/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 188
EP  - 189
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154389; Grado, T. 1 Holden, J. 2 Gatley, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Chemie 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich D-5170 Jülich Germany  2: Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, 53706 Madison USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton USA; Source Info: 1990, Vol. 17 Issue 3/4, p188; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1007/BF00811449
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cantor, Robin
T1  - APPLYING CONSTRUCTION LESSONS TO DECOMMISSIONING ESTIMATES.
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1991/01/02/1991 Special Issue
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 117
SN  - 01956574
AB  - The article focuses on the application of data from power plant construction in preparing cost estimates for decommissioning power plants. It mentions that there are similarities between the construction and decommissioning of nuclear power plants. Factors that need to be considered in decommissioning include real price and quantity changes for cost estimation, economies of scale forecasts and development of appropriate management practices. It suggests the provision of incentives as a solution to the problem of inequities of decommissioning schedule.
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants -- Design & construction
KW  - COST accounting
KW  - COST estimates
KW  - DECOMMISSIONING of nuclear power plants
KW  - PRICES
KW  - ECONOMIES of scale
N1  - Accession Number: 45444243; Cantor, Robin 1; Affiliation:  1: Member of the research staff, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 1991 Special Issue, p105; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants -- Design & construction; Subject Term: COST accounting; Subject Term: COST estimates; Subject Term: DECOMMISSIONING of nuclear power plants; Subject Term: PRICES; Subject Term: ECONOMIES of scale; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
T1  - Redirecting research efforts.
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1991/01/12/
VL  - 139
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents the author's response to a letter to the editor about human longevity.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - LIFE expectancy
N1  - Accession Number: 10093056; Olshansky, S. Jay 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Chicago, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill.; Source Info: 1/12/91, Vol. 139 Issue 2, p19; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: LIFE expectancy; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 148
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
AU  - LaRoche, Julie
T1  - ACCLIMATION TO SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE IN ALGAE.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1991/02//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 14
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Physiological acclimation to changes in light intensity and spectral quality is an important factor determining variations in photosynthetic responses and growth rates of algae in nature. Photoacclimation occurs on a number of levels. This review uses the term "acclimation" to refer to physiological processes as distinct from adaptation, which refers to evolutional processes. Morphologically it is accompanied by changes in cell volume, the number and density of thylakoid membranes, the size of pyrenoids and other storage bodies within plastids, and sometimes by changes in the number of plastids per cell. On a cellular level there are changes in pigment and lipid content and composition.
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - ACCLIMATIZATION
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - ALGAL growth
KW  - THYLAKOIDS
KW  - PLASTIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 10868738; Falkowski, Paul G. 1 LaRoche, Julie 1; Affiliation:  1: Oceanographic and Atomosperice Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: Feb91, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p8; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Subject Term: ACCLIMATIZATION; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: ALGAL growth; Subject Term: THYLAKOIDS; Subject Term: PLASTIDS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10868738
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steinman, Alan D.
T1  - EFFECTS OF HERBIVORE SIZE AND HUNGER LEVEL OF PERIPHYTON COMMUNITIES.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1991/02//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 59
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The Effects of herbivore size and hunger level were tested on lotic periphyton community structure and ash-free dry mass (AFDM). My hypothese were 1) that small herbivores would remove more periphyton per unit biomass than large herbivores of the same species because of energetic demands and 2) that within the same size class, starved herbivores would remove more periphyton than nonstarved herbivores. The herbivore used was the prosobranch snail Elimia clavaeformis Lea. Seven treatments were employed: 1) no snails (control); 2) small "starved" annals;3) large "starved" snails' 4 (small and large "starved" snails; 3) small fed snails; 6) large fed snails removed significant amounts of periphyton 'AFDM relative to controls, neither snail size nor degree of starvation had a significant effect on loss of total AFDM. Small snails removed significantly more erect forms of Stigeoclonium tenue (C. A. AG) Kütz, than large snails, but snail size had no other significant effect. Starved snails removed significantly more cocconeis placentula Ehr.than fed snails, suggesting that after the more susceptible growth forms (e.g. erect stigeoclonium) were removed, cocconeis cells became more vulnerable to grazing by hungry snails. When small and large snails were combined in chambers, large snails gained weight over time, whereas small snails lost weight. These results suggest that intraspecific competition may occur within populations of Elimia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERIPHYTON
KW  - SNAILS
KW  - HERBIVORES
KW  - HUNGER
KW  - Cocconeis
KW  - competition
KW  - Elimia
KW  - Growth form
KW  - herebivory
KW  - periphyton
KW  - sanils
KW  - Stigeoclonium
KW  - streams.
N1  - Accession Number: 10868979; Steinman, Alan D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008.; Source Info: Feb91, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p54; Subject Term: PERIPHYTON; Subject Term: SNAILS; Subject Term: HERBIVORES; Subject Term: HUNGER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cocconeis; Author-Supplied Keyword: competition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elimia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth form; Author-Supplied Keyword: herebivory; Author-Supplied Keyword: periphyton; Author-Supplied Keyword: sanils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stigeoclonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: streams.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10868979
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banci, Lucia
AU  - Bertini, Ivano
AU  - Cabelli, Diane E.
AU  - Hallewell, Robert A.
AU  - Tung, James W.
AU  - Viezzoli, Maria Silvia
T1  - A characterization of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mutants at position 124.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1991/02/26/
VL  - 196
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 128
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Substitution of the completely conserved aspartic acid residue at position 124 of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase with asparagine and glycine has been performed through site-directed mutagenesis on the human enzyme. Asp124 is H-bonded to the NH of two histidines, one of which is bound to copper and the other to zinc. The mutant proteins, as expressed in Escherichia coli, result in an essential zinc-free enzyme which is similar to that obtained from the wild-type derivative through chemical manipulation. Only by extensive dialysis against 0.5 M ZnCl2 or CoCl2 at pH 5.4 was it possible to reconstitute approximately 50% of the molecules in the Cu2Zn2 or Cu2Co2 form. The new derivatives have been characterized through EPR, CD and nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion techniques. The Cu2Cox derivatives (x ≈ 1) were used to monitor, through electronic and ¹H-NMR spectroscopies, the metal sites which are found to be similar to those of the wild type. In addition, a double substitution with asparagine has been made, replacing the invariant aspartate at position 124 and the highly conserved aspartate at position 125. The behavior is similar to that of the other mutants in most respects. The Cu2E2 (E = empty) derivatives of the mutants are stable, even in the pH range 8-10, whereas in the case of the Cu2E2 derivative of the wild type, copper migration occurs at high pH, producing both Cu2Cu2 and apo derivatives. The activity measurements indicate that the various Cu2E2 derivatives have the same activity at tow pH and similar to that of the holoenzyme. A full profile up to pH 10.5 was obtained for the mutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASPARTIC acid
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - SUPEROXIDE dismutase
KW  - ZINC
KW  - COPPER in the body
N1  - Accession Number: 13736323; Banci, Lucia 1 Bertini, Ivano 1 Cabelli, Diane E. 2 Hallewell, Robert A. 3 Tung, James W. 3 Viezzoli, Maria Silvia 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Italy  2: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, NY, USA  3: Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA, USA; Source Info: 2/26/91, Vol. 196 Issue 1, p123; Subject Term: ASPARTIC acid; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; Subject Term: SUPEROXIDE dismutase; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: COPPER in the body; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Candy, J. V.
AU  - Manatt, D. R.
AU  - Barnes, F. L.
AU  - Becker, J. A.
AU  - Henry, E. A.
AU  - Brinkman, M. J.
T1  - Rotational Band Identification: A Model-Based Detection and Estimation Approach.
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 1991///Spring91
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
SN  - 08999457
AB  - Nuclear theory predicts that secondary minima develop in the nuclear potential energy surface of some nuclei as they are stretched or elongated. Some minima are deep enough to support quasistationary states. The states are metastable because the decay is inhibited by the required shape change. Detection of these metastable states and their associated rotational bands allows us to investigate nuclei at large deformations and test existing theoretical predictions. The identification of these difficult-to-locate structures will permit the detailed study of nuclei at extraordinarily high deformation, providing new insights into nuclear structure. We discuss the application of model-based image processing techniques to detect and enhance the nuclear rotational bands in noisy experimental measurements. The aim of the experiment is to identify the shape isomer by detecting the presence of the associated rotational band pattern. Unfortunately, the band signal is only ≈1% or less of the amplitude of similar disturbance signals due to the nuclear states of normal deformation; thus the signal-to-noise ratio is quite poor. Thus it is necessary to investigate image processing techniques to detect and extract the predicted band pattern. Using a model-based approach, that is, characterizing a particular band by a simple mathematical model and incorporating it into an image processing scheme, we show that we are able to solve the band pattern detection and enhancement problems from both synthesized and measured experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - ENERGY bands
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - INFORMATION processing
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14180646; Candy, J. V. 1 Manatt, D. R. 1 Barnes, F. L. 1 Becker, J. A. 1 Henry, E. A. 1 Brinkman, M. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5504, L-156, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Spring91, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Subject Term: ENERGY bands; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: INFORMATION processing; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - O'Neill, E.G.
T1  - Leaf area compensation and nutrient interactions in CO2-enriched seedlings of yellow-poplar (<em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L.).
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1991/04//
VL  - 117
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 528
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The responses of yellow-poplar (<em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L.) seedlings to elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 were investigated to identify attributes governing growth and physiological responses to CO2. Based on the pattern of leaf initiation and nutrient requirements of the species, it was predicted that (1) CO2 enrichment would enhance growth of yellow-poplar seedlings both through accelerated leaf area production and through higher rates of carbon assimilation per unit leaf area; and (2) growth enhancement of yellow-poplar by CO2 enrichment would be reduced by nutrient limitations. The hypotheses were tested in an experiment in which yellow-poplar plants were grown from seed for 24 weeks in controlled-environment chambers. The experimental design comprised three atmospheric CO2 concentrations (371, 493, and 787 cm³ m-3), two levels of mineral nutrients (unfertilized or weekly additions of complete nutrient solution), and three harvests (6, 12, and 24 weeks). Plant growth rate, water use, foliar gas exchange, component dry weights, and nutrient contents were measured. Both hypotheses were rejected. Whole-plant dry weight increased similarly with CO2 enrichment in plants provided with additional mineral nutrients and in unfertilized plants, although the fertilized plants grew 10-fold larger. The increase in dry weight resulting from elevated CO2 occurred only in root systems. Although leaves were produced continuously during the experiment, leaf area was slightly reduced in elevated CO2, and the whole-plant growth response was wholly attributable to an increase in carbon assimilation per unit leaf area. Although the compensation between photosynthesis and leaf area reduced the potential growth response to CO2, the reduction in leaf area ratio was associated with a significant increase in water-use efficiency. This unexpected result demonstrated the importance of feedbacks and interactions between resources in shaping the response of a plant to CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAVES -- Physiology
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - LIRIODENDRON tulipifera
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - PLANT nutrients
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L. (yellow-poplar)
KW  - Atmospheric CO2
KW  - CO2 assimilation
KW  - nutrient deficiency
KW  - water-use efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 12694960; Norby, Richard J. 1 O'Neill, E.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Source Info: Apr91, Vol. 117 Issue 4, p515; Subject Term: LEAVES -- Physiology; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: LIRIODENDRON tulipifera; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Subject Term: PLANT nutrients; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L. (yellow-poplar); Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient deficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: water-use efficiency; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coughlan, Sean J.
AU  - Davenport, James W.
AU  - Hind, Geoffrey
T1  - Reactive blue 2 is a potent inhibitor of a thylakoid protein kinase.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1991/04/23/
VL  - 197
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 471
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The anthraquinone dye reactive blue 2 was found to be a potent inhibitor of a protein kinase isolated and purified from thylakoids. This enzyme was also inhibited in situ, with corresponding inhibition of ATP-dependent quenching of the chlorophyll fluorescence. The mode of inhibition was noncompetitive, with a K1 of 8 μM for the membrane-bound kinase, and 6 μM for the purified kinase. The inhibitor did not modify the substrate preference of the endogenous kinase and could be removed from the membrane by washing. Unlike reactive blue 2, the enzyme did not partition into detergent micelles and is therefore presumably not a hydrophobic, intrinsic membrane protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENZYME inhibitors
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - THYLAKOIDS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - COLLOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 13747394; Coughlan, Sean J. 1 Davenport, James W. 1 Hind, Geoffrey 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 4/23/91, Vol. 197 Issue 2, p467; Subject Term: ENZYME inhibitors; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: THYLAKOIDS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gustafson, John R.
T1  - Misleading wording?
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1991/04/27/
VL  - 139
IS  - 17
M3  - Letter
SP  - 259
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor in response to the article "A radical mechanism for methane buildup," in the February 23, 1991 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - METHANE
N1  - Accession Number: 10199650; Gustafson, John R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Public Information Specialist, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 4/27/91, Vol. 139 Issue 17, p259; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: METHANE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 1/8p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 185
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanford, George S.
AU  - Boyar, Robert E.
T1  - Power players.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1991/05//
VL  - 47
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 45
EP  - 46
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reviews the book 'Nuclear Politics,'  by James M. Jasper.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - JASPER, James M.
KW  - NUCLEAR Politics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11492801; Stanford, George S. 1 Boyar, Robert E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: May1991, Vol. 47 Issue 4, p45; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NUCLEAR Politics (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; People: JASPER, James M.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, E. K.
AU  - Gilbert, M. A.
T1  - SOLVING THE HELMHOLTZ EQUATION USING MULTIPLY PROPAGATED FIELDS.
JO  - International Journal of Numerical Modelling
JF  - International Journal of Numerical Modelling
Y1  - 1991/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 138
SN  - 08943370
AB  - Computer models in electromagnetics are based primarily either on integral or on differential equations. The former arise from source integrals using some appropriate Green's function whereas the latter originate from the Maxwell curl equations. Although requiring volume rather than surface sampling even for spatially homogeneous problems, in contrast to integral-equation (JE) models, differential-equation (DE) models are geneally a better choice for problems involving spatial inhomogeneities. This is because such problems require volumetric sampling using either approach, but the DE model produces a sparse matrix rather than the full matrix of the IE formulation. In this paper we describe a new approach based on using multiply propagated fields for numerically solving the banded matrix that results from discretizing the Helmholtz equation. A computer-time savings of N1/2 and N2/3 for two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) problems, respectively, is made possible, where N is the total number of field samples or unknowns. For even moderate-size problems where 100 samples per linear dimension are used (N2 = 10,000 and N3 = 1,000,000), the time savings can be of the order of 100 arid 10,000 respectively. Another advantage of this procedure, which we call Helmholtz equation multiple propagator (HEMP), is that the radiation or closure condition needed to terminate the spatial solution mesh for exterior problems can be enforced rigorously with essentially no additional computational cost. The method is illustrated for a 2-D problem by application to plane-wave scattering from an infinite, metal, circular cylinder. Results are presented for the mode amplitudes of the scattered field, the induced surface current, and the bistatic far field as obtained from HEMP, and shown to be in good agreement with the analytical results. Although limited here to the simplest possible application in order to establish its feasibility, the approach's advantage would be its applicability to 2-D and 3-D problems involving inhomogeneous, penetrable objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Numerical Modelling is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELMHOLTZ equation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - INTEGRAL calculus
KW  - SPARSE matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 12784541; Miller, E. K. 1 Gilbert, M. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P0 Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  2: General Research Corporation, 5383 Hollister Avenue, Santa Barbara, CA 93111, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jun91, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p123; Subject Term: HELMHOLTZ equation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: INTEGRAL calculus; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
T1  - Root and soil respiration responses to ozone in Pinus taeda L. seedlings.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1991/06//
VL  - 118
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
EP  - 321
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Respiration rates of roots of loblolly pine (<em>Pinus toeda</em> L.) seedlings decreased in response to elevated ozone (O3) concentrations. Estimated annual root respiration rates were 12 % less in seedlings exposed to twice-ambient O3 (7 h mean = 70-110 nl 1-1) than in seedlings exposed to sub-ambient O3 (7 h mean = 20-40 nl 1-1). Measurements taken during periods of relatively rapid and of negligible root growth suggest that the reduced root respiration may be due to both reduced maintenance respiration and reduced growth respiration. Respiration rates of the soil substrate of the O3-exposed seedlings were also below those of the substrate of seedlings exposed to sub-ambient O3. The study supports the theory that there is a reduced supply of photosynthates to the roots of plants exposed to elevated O3. It is hypothesized that a reduced supply of photosynthates to the roots may affect soil respiration rates by reducing root exudation rates and, consequently, reducing rhizosphere microbial populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - OZONE
KW  - CARBOHYDRATES
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHATES
KW  - <em>Pinus taeda</em>.
KW  - open-top chambers
KW  - Root respiration
KW  - soil respiration. ozone
N1  - Accession Number: 12421404; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Source Info: Jun91, Vol. 118 Issue 2, p315; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: CARBOHYDRATES; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Pinus taeda</em>.; Author-Supplied Keyword: open-top chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Root respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil respiration. ozone; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Milonni, Peter W.
AU  - Spruch, Larry
AU  - Kleppner, Daniel
T1  - VACUUMS, RETARDATION AND CASIMIR INTERACTIONS.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1991/06//
VL  - 44
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 13
EP  - 14
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents letters to the editor  in response to the article "With Apologies to Casimir," by Daniel Kleppner in the October 1990 issue of "Physics Today," including a reply from the author.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - VAN der Waals forces
N1  - Accession Number: 10448403; Milonni, Peter W. 1 Spruch, Larry 2 Kleppner, Daniel 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: New York University, New York, New York  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Source Info: Jun91, Vol. 44 Issue 6, p13; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: VAN der Waals forces; Number of Pages: 1 3/4p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jorgensen, James D.
T1  - DEFECTS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN THE COPPER OXIDES. (Cover story)
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1991/06//
VL  - 44
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 40
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - This article discusses the ways in which structural information has contributed to the understanding of the physics and chemistry of copper oxide superconductors. Few superconducting materials have been presented with the structural elegance and complexity displayed by the high-temperature copper oxides. The structures of these materials, consisting of metal-oxygen layers stacked in a variety of sequences, with the metal atoms often in unusual coordinations, are interesting in their own right. More importantly, the present understanding of the properties of oxide superconductors depends heavily on a knowledge of their structures. We have learned, however, that knowing the average or ideal structure is not sufficient. We must also understand what defects are present, and whether they are ordered, before we can correlate the structural and superconducting properties and use structural information as a probe of the underlying physics. Although the average, or ideal, structures have been determined for all of the known copper oxide superconductors, it is clear that we cannot use the structural information to fully understand their superconducting properties until our knowledge of the structure is extended to the local scale.
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9107290996; Jorgensen, James D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior scientist and leader of the neutron and x-ray scattering group, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Jun91, Vol. 44 Issue 6, p34; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillips, Richard L.
T1  - MediaView: A GENERAL MULTIMEDIA DIGITAL PUBLICATION SYSTEM.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1991/07//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 83
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Describes the components and applications of the multimedia digital publication system, MediaView designed to integrate media-rich hardware and software capabilities of the NeXT computer.  Applications in communication; Aspects of MediaView documents; Structure and components of MediaView; Considerations for authoring a document.
KW  - MULTIMEDIA systems
KW  - APPLICATION software
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - DOCUMENTATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11758642; Phillips, Richard L. 1; Email Address: rlp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer Graphics Group, Computing and Communications Division of the Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul1991, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p75; Subject Term: MULTIMEDIA systems; Subject Term: APPLICATION software; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: DOCUMENTATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kropp, Joachim
AU  - Likungu, James
AU  - Kirchhoff, Paul
AU  - Knapp, Furn
AU  - Reichmann, Karl
AU  - Reske, Sven
AU  - Biersack, Hans-Jürgen
T1  - Single photon emission tomography imaging of myocardial oxidative metabolism with 15-( p-[I]iodophenyl) pentadecanoic acid in patients with coronary artery disease and aorto-coronary bypass graft surgery.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1991/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 474
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71144246; Kropp, Joachim 1 Likungu, James 2 Kirchhoff, Paul 2 Knapp, Furn 3 Reichmann, Karl 1 Reske, Sven 4 Biersack, Hans-Jürgen 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25 W-5300 Bonn 1 Germany  2: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25 W-5300 Bonn 1 ermany  3: Nuclear Medicine Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge USA  4: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Aachen, W-5100 Aachen Germany; Source Info: Jul1991, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p467; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00181285
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furman, Necah S.
T1  - AMERICAN INDIAN TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS (Book).
JO  - Journal of the West
JF  - Journal of the West
Y1  - 1991/07//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 107
EP  - 107
SN  - 00225169
AB  - Reviews the book "American Indian Tribal Governments," by Shanon O' Brien.
KW  - INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - O'BRIEN, Shannon
KW  - AMERICAN Indian Tribal Governments (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12363158; Furman, Necah S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, NM; Source Info: Jul91, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p107; Subject Term: INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: AMERICAN Indian Tribal Governments (Book); People: O'BRIEN, Shannon; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tjoelker, M. G.
AU  - Luxmoore, R. J.
T1  - Soil nitrogen and chronic ozone stress influence physiology, growth and nutrient status of Pinus taeda L. and Liriodendron tulipifera L. seedlings.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1991/09//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 81
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The effects of soil nitrogen availability and chronic ozone stress on carbon and nutrient economy were investigated in loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) and yellow-poplar (<em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> L.). One-year-old seedlings were planted individually in pots in forest soil of low (58 μg g-1), medium (96 μg g-1) or high (172 μg g-1) initial concentrations of soluble nitrogen. The seedlings were exposed to ozone in open-top field chambers at sub-ambient (charcoal-filtered air), ambient, and elevated (ambient+60 nl l-1 O3) (32, 56, 108 nl l-1 O3, 7 h seasonal mean, respectively) levels for 18 weeks. At final harvest loblolly pine dry matter increased by 50% at the highest soil N level relative to the low with the largest gains in new needle biomass. Elevated ozone reduced the biomass of current-year needles by 20% in plants grown at the highest N level. Higher soil N supply increased the concentration of nitrogen in needles, stimulated current-year needle photosynthesis and increased needle and whole-plant water-use efficiencies. Ozone treatment had no significant effect on photosynthesis or water-use efficiency in either species, although ozone exposure tended to reduce stomatal conductance in loblolly pine. The low N treatment increased the proportion of dry matter allocated to line roots in yellow-poplar, but whole-plant dry weight had not responded to N fertilization at the final harvest, suggesting other limitations on growth. Ozone exposure increased leaf abscission and doubled leaf turnover in yellow-poplar. Although yellow-poplar was highly sensitive to ozone-induced leaf abscission, final whole-plant dry weights were not affected. The indeterminate growth habit of yellow-poplar permitted compensatory leaf growth which may have ameliorated effects of chronic ozone stress on biomass gain. Ozone exposure also decreased shoot weight more than root weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOILS
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - OZONE
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - LIRIODENDRON
KW  - PINE
KW  - <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> (yellow-poplar)
KW  - <em>Pinus taeda</em> (Loblolly pine)
KW  - air pollution.
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - ozone
N1  - Accession Number: 12427619; Tjoelker, M. G. 1 Luxmoore, R. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources, 115 Green Hall, 1530 North Cleveland Ave., St Paul, MN 55108, USA.  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Bldg. 1506 P.O. Box 2008, MS-6034, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034 USA.; Source Info: Sep91, Vol. 119 Issue 1, p69; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: LIRIODENDRON; Subject Term: PINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> (yellow-poplar); Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Pinus taeda</em> (Loblolly pine); Author-Supplied Keyword: air pollution.; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolb, Edward
T1  - Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology (Book).
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1991/09//
VL  - 44
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 79
EP  - 79
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Reviews the book "Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology," by Andrei Linde.
KW  - INFLATIONARY universe
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - LINDE, A. D., 1948-
KW  - PARTICLE Physics & Inflationary Cosmology (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9110142180; Kolb, Edward 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Head, NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center  2: Professor of astronomy and astrophysics, The University of Chicago; Source Info: Sep91, Vol. 44 Issue 9, p79; Subject Term: INFLATIONARY universe; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PARTICLE Physics & Inflationary Cosmology (Book); People: LINDE, A. D., 1948-; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pons, María Elena
AU  - Díaz, Asunción
AU  - Lacks, Sanford A.
AU  - López, Paloma
T1  - The polymerase domain of <em> Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> DNA polymerase I.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1991/10//10/1/91
VL  - 201
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
EP  - 155
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The 3′-terminal two-thirds of the Streptococcus pneumoniae polA gene was cloned in an Escherichia coli gene-fusion vector with inducible expression. The resulting recombinant plasmid (pSM10) directs the hyperproduction of a polypeptide of 70.6 kDa corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of pneumococcal DNA polymerase I. Induced cells synthesized catalytically active protein to the extent of 7% of the total soluble protein in the cells. The polymerase fragment was purified to greater than 90% homogeneity with a yield of 1.5 mg pure protein/I culture. The protein has DNA polymerase activity, but no exonuclease activity. The enzyme requires a divalent cation (MgCl2 or MnCl2) for polymerization of DNA. Comparison of the mutant and wild-type pneumococcal polymerases shows that the construction did not affect the enzymatic affinity for the various substrates. The mutant protein, like its parent DNA polymerase I, exhibited an intermediate level of activity with primed single-stranded DNA. At high molar ratio of enzyme/DNA substrate, the polymerase fragment catalyzes strand displacement and switching after completing the replication of a primed single-stranded M13 DNA molecule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae
KW  - CLONING
KW  - PLASMIDS
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 13726515; Pons, María Elena 1 Díaz, Asunción 1 Lacks, Sanford A. 2 López, Paloma 1; Affiliation:  1: Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Madrid, Spain  2: Brookhaven national Laboratory Upton, USA; Source Info: 10/1/91, Vol. 201 Issue 1, p147; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae; Subject Term: CLONING; Subject Term: PLASMIDS; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGinnis, David P.
T1  - THEORY AND DESIGN OF MICROWAVE PLANAR ELECTRODES FOR STOCHASTIC COOLING OF PARTICLE BEAMS.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1991/10//10/1/91
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 443
SN  - 08952477
AB  - Stochastic cooling is a broadband microwave feedback system used in particle accelerators to reduce beam size growth. Because stochastic cooling is a random process, the performance of the system is directly proportional to the bandwidth of the system. Electrodes that sense and correct the position of particles in the beam must accommodate octave bandwidths in the range from 1 to 16 GHz. This article will outline the theory, design, and measurements of planar electrodes that achieve these wide bandwidths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BROADBAND communication systems
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - antiprotons
KW  - planar loop
KW  - Stochastic cooling
N1  - Accession Number: 13906335; McGinnis, David P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Source Info: 10/1/91, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p439; Subject Term: BROADBAND communication systems; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: antiprotons; Author-Supplied Keyword: planar loop; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic cooling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beyer, James B.
AU  - Nordman, James E.
AU  - Hohenwarter, Gert K. G.
AU  - Martens, Jon S.
T1  - A SUPERCONDUCTIVE DUAL-CONTROL ACTIVE MICROWAVE DEVICE.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1991/10//10/1/91
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 506
EP  - 510
SN  - 08952477
AB  - In this article we review the background material necessary for the understanding of the operation of superconducting flux flow transistors. A new microwave flux flow device is then presented which exhibits behavior analogous to that of a dual-gate FET. Equivalent circuits and experimental results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - MICROWAVE devices
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - active high-Tc device
KW  - dual-control microwave device
KW  - Superconducting flux flow transistor
KW  - thin-film devices
N1  - Accession Number: 13906406; Beyer, James B. 1 Nordman, James E. 1 Hohenwarter, Gert K. G. 1 Martens, Jon S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Division 1144, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 10/1/91, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p506; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: MICROWAVE devices; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Author-Supplied Keyword: active high-Tc device; Author-Supplied Keyword: dual-control microwave device; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting flux flow transistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin-film devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zurek, Wojciech H.
T1  - DECOHERENCE AND THE TRANSITION FROM QUANTUM TO CLASSICAL.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1991/10//
VL  - 44
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
EP  - 44
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - This article explains the process of decoherence and the emergence of classical behavior from quantum dynamics. An analysis of quantum measurements due to John von Neumann is presented in this article. The quantum mechanics of the universe must allow for possible large quantum fluctuations of space-time geometry at certain epochs and scales. In particular, it may include important effects of quantum gravity early in the expansion of the universe. Significant progress in the study of decoherence in this context has been reported by Murray Gell-Mann and James B. Hartle, who are pursuing a program suitable for quantum cosmology that may be called the many-histories interpretation. A set of coarse-grained alternatives for a quantum system at a given time can be represented by a set of mutually exclusive projection operators, each corresponding to a different range of values for some properties of the system at that time. The definition of consistent histories for a closed quantum system was first proposed by Robert Griffiths. Gell-Mann and Hartle pointed out that in practice somewhat stronger conditions than Griffiths' tend to hold whenever histories decohere. The origin of the question about the interpretation quantum physics can be traced to the clash between predictions of the Schrödinger equation and the perceptions presented in this paper.  INSET: Classical and quantum correlations..
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - VON Neumann, John, 1903-1957
KW  - GELL-Mann, Murray, 1929-
KW  - HARTLE, James B.
N1  - Accession Number: 9112090283; Zurek, Wojciech H. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical astrophysics group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: External professor, Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico; Source Info: Oct91, Vol. 44 Issue 10, p36; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); People: VON Neumann, John, 1903-1957; People: GELL-Mann, Murray, 1929-; People: HARTLE, James B.; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Illustration, 3 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, O.L.
T1  - Computer-assisted Flexible Routing of the Mass Transit Bus Systems.
JO  - Transportation Quarterly
JF  - Transportation Quarterly
Y1  - 1991/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 581
EP  - 598
SN  - 02789434
AB  - Describes a concept of using computers to develop flexible routing programs for mass transit bus systems.  Features of the proposed computer-assisted flexible routing system; Methods of control of routing systems; Refinements of existing concepts; Results of preliminary technical assessment; Results of preliminary economic assessment; Definition of representative bus system; Operating costs of fixed scheduling; Operating costs of flexible scheduling.
KW  - PUBLIC transit
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - BUS travel
KW  - SCHEDULING
KW  - TRAFFIC ROUTING
N1  - Accession Number: 11459364; Smith, O.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct91, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p581; Subject Term: PUBLIC transit; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: BUS travel; Subject Term: SCHEDULING; Author-Supplied Keyword: TRAFFIC ROUTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485210 Interurban and Rural Bus Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485113 Bus and Other Motor Vehicle Transit Systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485119 Other Urban Transit Systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485111 Mixed Mode Transit Systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 485110 Urban transit systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Storms, Edmund
T1  - Cold fusion, continued.
JO  - Science News
JF  - Science News
Y1  - 1991/10/12/
VL  - 140
IS  - 15
M3  - Letter
SP  - 227
PB  - Society for Science & the Public
SN  - 00368423
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor discussing methods to refine cold fusion experimenting methods, in relation to the article "Cold ConFusion," in the June 22, 1991 issue (page 392) of Science News.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COLD fusion
N1  - Accession Number: 10186199; Storms, Edmund 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Scientist, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 10/12/91, Vol. 140 Issue 15, p227; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COLD fusion; Number of Pages: 1/7p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 159
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marsh, Gerald
T1  - THE UPS AND DOWNS OF DOWNLOADING. (Cover story)
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1991/11//
VL  - 47
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 23
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - This article discusses the ups and downs of downloading or decreasing the number of warheads on ballistic missiles that have multiple warheads as set by the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START). The main argument for decreasing the number of warheads on a missile is that being able to spread the total number of warheads set by START over more missiles that allows the strategic nuclear force to be more flexibly configured. It can also save money. In addition, most strategic thinkers believing the number of warheads on land-based, multiple-warhead missiles would enhance stability in a crisis. Originally the U.S. favored downloading and Soviet Union opposed it, but by Round XIV in 1990 the two sides had essentially reversed positions. The reasons for this are complex, involving competing views in U.S. agencies and presumably in the Soviet Union as well. The issue of how downloading relates to crisis stability is more complex. The START compromise on downloading, however, enhances crisis stability. First, it specifies that if an intercontinental ballistic missile is downloaded by more than two warheads, it must be equipped with a new front-section platform, and all old platforms must be destroyed.
KW  - BALLISTIC missiles
KW  - INTERCONTINENTAL ballistic missiles
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control -- International cooperation
KW  - TREATIES
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - SOVIET Union
N1  - Accession Number: 9111112165; Marsh, Gerald 1; Affiliation:  1: Defence Analyst and Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Nov1991, Vol. 47 Issue 9, p21; Subject Term: BALLISTIC missiles; Subject Term: INTERCONTINENTAL ballistic missiles; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control -- International cooperation; Subject Term: TREATIES; Subject Term: UNITED States; Subject Term: SOVIET Union; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teller, Edward
T1  - NUCLEAR GLASNOST. (Cover story)
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1991/11//
VL  - 47
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 35
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - This article offers views on the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) and on whether the destruction of all nuclear weapons is a desirable or realistic goal. According to the author, START is probably good news. Defense against nuclear attack carried by thousands of missiles will continue to look like an insoluble problem. But the author believes that a slow reduction in the number of long-range nuclear missiles may make solving the problem somewhat more practical. On the other hand, completely eliminating nuclear arsenals would leave the world vulnerable to the Saddam Husseins who, with dictatorial regimes, manage to violate international agreements on weapons on mass destruction. Therefore, in the author's view, the destruction of all nuclear weapons is not a desirable or realistic goal. In the long run, according to him, a true end to the Cold War should carry with it universal opposition to aggression and international cooperation in developing defensive systems. The author believes that the success in developing strategic defensive systems requires a plan ambitious enough to be significant, but limited to the extent that it should be feasible. In his opinion, the most essential ingredient is a general policy of openness.
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control -- International cooperation
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - COLD War, 1945-1989
KW  - TREATIES
N1  - Accession Number: 9111112171; Teller, Edward 1; Affiliation:  1: Director Emeritus, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: Nov1991, Vol. 47 Issue 9, p34; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control -- International cooperation; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: COLD War, 1945-1989; Subject Term: TREATIES; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Cartoon or Caricature; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, Frank
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
T1  - Contrasting patterns of land use in Rondonia, Brazil: simulating the effects of carbon release.
JO  - International Social Science Journal
JF  - International Social Science Journal
Y1  - 1991/11//
VL  - 43
IS  - 129
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
SN  - 00208701
AB  - In this article the authors describe a simulation model that integrates the socio-economic and ecologic components of land use change. The Dynamic Ecological-Land Tenure Analysis (DELTA) is being developed as a game-playing tool, and is currently being used to simulate tenant farmer colonization and its effects on deforestation and associated carbon losses. The model is used to contrast the typical pattern of colonist land use in Rondonia, Brazil, with a system of sustainable agriculture. The comparison made possible by the simulation model shows how these two extremes of land use can affect carbon storage and release. While it is at present difficult to verify the regional carbon depletion totals generated by the simulation model a situation that will improve as better data and better methods for their generation, use of the model to ask what if questions is leading to a better understanding of the effects on regional carbon loss of different land tenure as well as land use practices in the tropics.
KW  - LAND use
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - DEFORESTATION
KW  - CARBON
KW  - BRAZIL
N1  - Accession Number: 5652926; Southworth, Frank 1 Dale, Virginia H. 2 O'Neill, Robert V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Researcher, Ecology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6206, USA..  2: Researchers, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6206, USA.; Source Info: Nov91, Vol. 43 Issue 129, p681; Subject Term: LAND use; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: DEFORESTATION; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: BRAZIL; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 6 Graphs, 3 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - DeVolpi, Alex
T1  - Two-track verification for chemical treaty.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 1992/01//Jan/Feb1992
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 45
EP  - 47
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Chemical Inspectors: On the Outside Looking In?" by Amy Smithson in the October 1991 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
N1  - Accession Number: 20789080; DeVolpi, Alex 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Jan/Feb1992, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, Yuefan
AU  - Glimm, James
AU  - Sharp, David H.
T1  - Perspectives on Parallel Computing.
JO  - Daedalus
JF  - Daedalus
Y1  - 1992///Winter92
VL  - 121
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 52
SN  - 00115266
AB  - Discusses how parallel computing and computers are removing mental tasks from human minds and increasing the amount and complexity of mental tasks that are undertaken. Impact on science; Parallel computing in the future; Factors that limit the scale of parallelism; Limited programmability; More.
KW  - COMPUTERS & civilization
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - THOUGHT & thinking
KW  - COMPUTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 9202173520; Deng, Yuefan 1 Glimm, James 2 Sharp, David H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Assistant Professor in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics at the State University of New York at Stony Brook  2: Distinguished Leading Professor and Chair of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics at the State University of New York at Stony Brook  3: Fellow in the Theoretical Division at Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Winter92, Vol. 121 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: COMPUTERS & civilization; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: THOUGHT & thinking; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasslacher, Brosl
T1  - Parallel Billiards and Monster Systems.
JO  - Daedalus
JF  - Daedalus
Y1  - 1992///Winter92
VL  - 121
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 65
SN  - 00115266
AB  - Explains how the parallel computing age inherits a body of algorithms from the sequential computing age of the past 50 years and how computer users in many engineering disciplines are shifting to parallel machines to perform parallel computing. Partial differential equations that are able to encode the behavior of many important physical systems over the centuries; Exploration of monster systems; Cellular automata machines and quantum nanodevices; More.
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 9202173498; Hasslacher, Brosl 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist in the Theoretical Division at the Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Winter92, Vol. 121 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Metropolis, N.
T1  - The Age of Computing: A Personal Memoir.
JO  - Daedalus
JF  - Daedalus
Y1  - 1992///Winter92
VL  - 121
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 130
SN  - 00115266
AB  - Presents an argument advocating that science historians note the significant developments in computer science since 1952 along with advances made in chemistry and material science. Discovery of the transistor and the miraculous micro-chip as the two main stages that mark turning points in computer science; Richard Feynman's contribution to the 1944 Manhattan Project; The principles of the reliability theory; More.
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - SCIENCE -- History
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - FEYNMAN, Richard Phillips, 1918-1988
N1  - Accession Number: 9202173503; Metropolis, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Fellow Emeritus at Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Winter92, Vol. 121 Issue 1, p119; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: SCIENCE -- History; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; People: FEYNMAN, Richard Phillips, 1918-1988; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Asoke K.
AU  - Burke, Gerald J.
AU  - Miller, Edmund K.
T1  - MODELING WIRE DIPOLES IN AN INFINITE CHIRAL MEDIUM AND VERTICALLY ORIENTED NEAR A CHIRAL HALF SPACE.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1992/03//3/1/92
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 107
SN  - 08952477
AB  - Extension and application of the NEC (numerical electromagnetics code) thin-wire model to a wire dipole in an infinite chiral  medium and vertically oriented near an interface between a free space  and a chiral half space is described. This particular problem was  chosen as one in a sequence leading to a capability for modeling wire  antennas and scatterers of arbitrary geometry located on either side of or penetrating such an interface. Results are presented as a  function of medium chirality for the dipole in an infinite medium and as a  function of chirality and height for the half-space problem. An  approximation for the latter problem which uses the  reflection-coefficient approximation (RCA) is compared with the rigorous treatment and found to produce acceptable results for the cases studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - ANTENNAS (Electronics)
KW  - CHIRALITY
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - chiral medium
KW  - numerical method
KW  - Wire dipoles
N1  - Accession Number: 13445953; Bhattacharyya, Asoke K. 1 Burke, Gerald J. 2 Miller, Edmund K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physical Science Laboratory, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003  2: Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, L-156, P.O. Box 808 University of California, Livermore, California 94550  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, M/S J 580, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 3/1/92, Vol. 5 Issue 3, p101; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: ANTENNAS (Electronics); Subject Term: CHIRALITY; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: chiral medium; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire dipoles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238299 All other building equipment contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jarvis, Eric E.
AU  - Dunahay, Terri G.
AU  - Brown, Lewis M.
T1  - DNA NUCLEOSIDE COMPOSITION AND METHYLATION IN SEVERAL SPECIES OF MICROALGAE.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1992/06//
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
EP  - 362
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Total DNA was isolated from 10 species of microalgae, including representatives of the Chlorophyceae (Chlorella ellipsiodea, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and Monoraphidium minutum), Bacillariophyceae (Cyclotella cyptica, Navicula saprophila, Nitzschia pusilla, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum), Charophyceae (Stichococcus sp.), Dinophyceae (Crypthecodinium cohnii), and Prasinophycaea (Tetraselmis suecica). Control samples of Escherichia coli and calf thymus DNA were also analyzed. The nucleoside base composition of each DNA sample was determined by reversed-phase high perfomance liquid chromatography. All samples contained 5-methyldeoxycytidine, although at widely varying levels. In M.minutum, about one-third of the cytidine residues were methylated. Restriction analysis supported this high degree of methylation in M.minutum, about one-third of the cytidine residues were methylated. Restriction analysis supported this high degree of methylation in M. minutum and suggested that methylation is biased toward 5'-CG dinucleotides. The guanosine + cytosine (GC) contents of the green algae were, with the exception of Stichococcus sp., consistently higher than those of the diatoms. Monoraphidium minutum exhibited an extremely high GC content of 71%. Such a value is rare among eukaryotic organisms and might indicate an unusual codon usage. This work is important for developing strategies for transformation and gene cloning in these algae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROALGAE
KW  - NUCLEOSIDES
KW  - METHYLATION
KW  - DNA
KW  - ALGAE
KW  - ALGOLOGY
KW  - Crypthecodinium cohnii
KW  - Cyclotella cryptica
KW  - DNA composition
KW  - DNA methylation
KW  - GC content
KW  - Monoraphidium minutum
KW  - Nitzchia psilla
KW  - Phaeodactylum tricornutum
KW  - Stichcoccus
KW  - Tetraselmis suecica.
N1  - Accession Number: 10760617; Jarvis, Eric E. 1 Dunahay, Terri G. 1 Brown, Lewis M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: Jun92, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p356; Subject Term: MICROALGAE; Subject Term: NUCLEOSIDES; Subject Term: METHYLATION; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: ALGAE; Subject Term: ALGOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crypthecodinium cohnii; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclotella cryptica; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA methylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: GC content; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monoraphidium minutum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitzchia psilla; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stichcoccus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetraselmis suecica.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112519 Other Aquaculture; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10760617
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simmons, Margaret L.
AU  - Wasserman, Harvey J.
AU  - Lubeck, Olaf. M.
AU  - Eoyang, Christopher
AU  - Mendez, Raul
AU  - Harada, Hiroo
AU  - Ishiguro, Misako
T1  - A PERFORMANCE COMPARISON of Four Supercomputers.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1992/08//
VL  - 35
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
EP  - 124
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The first vector supercomputers manufactured by non-Us. companies were the Fujitsu VP-200, the Hitachi S810/20, and the NEC SX-2, which appeared as early as 1983. An early performance evaluation of the VP-200 and the S810/20, using benchmark codes designed to represent the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) computing work-load, showed that the VP-200 could be two to three times as fast as a single (9.5ns) CRAY X-MP/24 processor for highly vectorized codes, although the scalar performance of the two machines was comparable [5]. The S810/20 did not perform as well as the X-MP and the VP-200, largely because of a longer central processing unit (CPU) clock period and poorer scalar performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12497804; Simmons, Margaret L. 1 Wasserman, Harvey J. 1 Lubeck, Olaf. M. 1 Eoyang, Christopher Mendez, Raul 2; Email Address: mendez@isr.recruit.co.jp Harada, Hiroo 3 Ishiguro, Misako 4; Affiliation:  1: Staff Member, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Computer Research Group.  2: Director, Institute for Supercomputing Research in Tokyo, Japan.  3: Research Scientist, Computing and Information Systems Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute.  4: Professor, Ibaraki University in Japan.; Source Info: Aug1992, Vol. 35 Issue 8, p116; Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/135226.135234
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, S. D.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Gunderson, C. A.
T1  - Growth and maintenance respiration in leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera L. exposed to long-term carbon dioxide enrichment in the field.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1992/08//
VL  - 121
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 523
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Specific respiration rate (SRR) was mathematically partitioned into its growth and maintenance components for leaves of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.)after 3 yr of CO2 enrichment in open-top field chambers. Despite the absence of a CO2 effect on individual leaf expansion or specific growth rate (SGR), increasing the CO2 concentration to ambient + 150 or + 300 cm3 m-3 decreased SRR by 28 to 45% compared with ambient-grown controls. These lower leaf respiration rates were correlated with reduced leaf nitrogen concentrations. As described by the two-component model of growth and maintenance respiration, SRR was a linear function of SGR. Ambient-grown leaves had a growth respiration coefficient of 704 mg CO2 g-1 dry mass compared with 572 and 570 mg CO2 g-1 for leaves grown at the two higher CO2, concentrations. Leaves from the elevated CO2 treatments had an average maintenance respiration coefficient of 88 mg CO2 g-1 dry mass d-1 compared with 135 mg CO2 g-1 d-1 for leaves from the ambient treatment. Incorporating these growth and maintenance coefficients into a leaf growth simulation model indicated that total respiration would be reduced by 21 to 26% for a leaf exposed to + 150 or + 300 cm3 m3 CO2 throughout its 50-d lifespan compared with one grown at ambient CO2 conditions. Reductions in total respiration were dominated by a lower rate of maintenance respiration, while the contribution of a lower specific rate of growth respiration was largely offset by a greater dry mass for leaves grown at elevated CO2 concentrations. Although reductions in the respiratory loss of carbon could be beneficial, respiration is unlikely to decrease without a concomitant decrease in other metabolic processes. Whether these reductions are beneficial or detrimental to the long-term growth of plants exposed to elevated CO2 remains unresolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESPIRATION in plants
KW  - LIRIODENDRON tulipifera
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - dark respiration.
KW  - growth respiration
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - maintenance respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 12415953; Wullschleger, S. D. 1 Norby, R. J. 1 Gunderson, C. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Source Info: Aug92, Vol. 121 Issue 4, p515; Subject Term: RESPIRATION in plants; Subject Term: LIRIODENDRON tulipifera; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: dark respiration.; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liriodendron tulipifera; Author-Supplied Keyword: maintenance respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woods, Louis A.
AU  - Ham, R. Craig
AU  - Pierce, John T.
AU  - Platt, Rutherford H.
AU  - Davis, Edward H.
AU  - Ryan, Bruce
AU  - Good, Charles M.
AU  - Hepner, George F.
AU  - Pillsbury, Richard
AU  - Goheen, Peter G.
AU  - Rechlin, Alice T. M.
AU  - Dobson, Jerome E.
AU  - Cohen, Saul B.
AU  - Pasqualetti, M. J.
AU  - ZumBrunnen, Craig
AU  - Hagan, Andrea
AU  - McColl, R. W.
AU  - Angel, David P.
AU  - Barrett, Elinore M.
AU  - Berentsen, William H.
T1  - BOOK REVIEWS.
JO  - Professional Geographer
JF  - Professional Geographer
Y1  - 1992/08//
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 349
EP  - 367
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00330124
AB  - The article reviews several books including "Free Market Environmentalism," by Terry L. Anderson and Donald R. Leal, "War and the City," by G. J. Ashworth, "Environment and Economy: Property Rights and Public Policy," by Daniel W. Bromley and "Wipeouts and Their Migration," edited by Joseph Dimento.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ANDERSON, Terry Lee, 1946-
KW  - LEAL, Donald R.
KW  - ASHWORTH, G. J.
KW  - BROMLEY, Daniel W.
KW  - DIMENTO, Joseph
KW  - FREE Market Environmentalism (Book)
KW  - WAR & the City (Book)
KW  - ENVIRONMENT & Economy: Property Rights & Public Policy (Book)
KW  - WIPEOUTS & Their Migration (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 19109003; Woods, Louis A. 1 Ham, R. Craig 2 Pierce, John T. 3 Platt, Rutherford H. 4 Davis, Edward H. 5 Ryan, Bruce 6 Good, Charles M. 7 Hepner, George F. 8 Pillsbury, Richard 9 Goheen, Peter G. 10 Rechlin, Alice T. M. 11 Dobson, Jerome E. 12 Cohen, Saul B. 13 Pasqualetti, M. J. 14 ZumBrunnen, Craig 15 Hagan, Andrea 15 McColl, R. W. 16 Angel, David P. 17 Barrett, Elinore M. 18 Berentsen, William H. 19; Affiliation:  1: University of North Florida  2: United States Military Academy  3: Simon Fraser University  4: University of Massachusetts  5: Emory and Henry College  6: University of Cincinnati  7: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University  8: University of Utah  9: Georgia State University  10: Queen's University  11: National Geographic Society  12: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  13: Hunter College, CUNY  14: Arizona State University  15: University of Washington  16: University of Kansas  17: Clark University  18: University of New Mexico  19: University of Connecticut; Source Info: Aug1992, Vol. 44 Issue 3, p349; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: FREE Market Environmentalism (Book); Reviews & Products: WAR & the City (Book); Reviews & Products: ENVIRONMENT & Economy: Property Rights & Public Policy (Book); Reviews & Products: WIPEOUTS & Their Migration (Book); People: ANDERSON, Terry Lee, 1946-; People: LEAL, Donald R.; People: ASHWORTH, G. J.; People: BROMLEY, Daniel W.; People: DIMENTO, Joseph; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hwang, Yong K.
AU  - Narendra Ahuja
T1  - Gross Motion Planning -- A Survey.
JO  - ACM Computing Surveys
JF  - ACM Computing Surveys
Y1  - 1992/09//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 291
SN  - 03600300
AB  - Motion planning is one of the most important areas of robotics research. The complexity of the motion-planning problem has hindered the development of practical algorithms. This paper surveys the work on gross-motion planning, including motion planners for point robots, rigid robots, and manipulators in stationary, time-varying, constrained, and movable-object environments. The general issues in motion planning are explained. Recent approaches and their performances are briefly described, and possible future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ACM Computing Surveys is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATH planning (Robotics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Collision detection
KW  - computational geometry
KW  - implementation
KW  - motion planning
KW  - obstacle avoidance
KW  - path planning
KW  - spatial representation
N1  - Accession Number: 12126272; Hwang, Yong K. 1 Narendra Ahuja 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  2: Beckman Institute and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801.; Source Info: Sep92, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p219; Subject Term: PATH planning (Robotics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collision detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: implementation; Author-Supplied Keyword: motion planning; Author-Supplied Keyword: obstacle avoidance; Author-Supplied Keyword: path planning; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial representation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 73p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirst, Eric
T1  - Price and Cost Impacts of Utility DSM Programs.
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 1992/09//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 90
PB  - International Association for Energy Economics, Inc.
SN  - 01956574
AB  - More U.S. utilities are running more and larger demand-side management (DSM) programs. Assessing the cost-effectiveness of these programs raises difficult questions for utilities and their regulators. In particular, should these programs aim to minimize the total cost of providing electric-energy services or should they minimize the price of electricity? Most of the debates about the appropriate economic tests to use in assessing utility programs do not address the magnitude of the impacts. As a result, questions remain about the relationships among utility DSM programs and acquisition of supply resources and the effects of these choices on electricity prices and costs. This study offers quantitative estimates on the tradeoffs between total costs and electricity prices. A dynamic model is used to assess the effects of energy-efficiency programs on utility revenues, total resource costs, electricity prices, and electricity consumption for the period 1990 to 2010. These DSM programs are assessed under alternative scenarios for three utilities: a "base" that is typical of U.S. utilities; a "surplus" utility that has excess capacity, few planned retirements, and slow growth in fossil-fuel prices and incomes; and a "deficit" utility that has little excess capacity, many planned retirements, and rapid growth in fossil-fuel prices and incomes. Model results show that DSM programs generally reduce electricity costs and increase electricity prices. However, the percentage reduction in costs is usually greater than the percentage increase in prices. On the other hand, most of the cost benefits of DSM programs can be obtained without raising electricity prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Journal is the property of International Association for Energy Economics, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEMAND-side management (Electric utilities)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 9610290303; Hirst, Eric 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831; Source Info: 1992, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p75; Subject Term: DEMAND-side management (Electric utilities); Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5447
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perna, Nicole T.
AU  - Batzer, Mark A.
AU  - Deininger, Prescott L.
AU  - Stoneking, Mark
T1  - Alu Insertion Polymorphism: A New Type of Marker for Human Population Studies.
JO  - Human Biology
JF  - Human Biology
Y1  - 1992/10//
VL  - 64
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 641
EP  - 648
SN  - 00187143
AB  - A PCR-based method was used to screen 462 individuals from Japan. Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Australia for an Alu family insertion polymorphism. The frequency of this Alu insertion shows significant heterogeneity among island subgroups of the Indonesian sample and between the Japanese-Indonesian populations and the Australian-New Guinean populations. The simple. rapid PCR-based screening technique and the significant frequency differences among populations demonstrate that Alu insertion polymorphisms are potentially valuable markers for studies of the evolutionary history and migration patterns of modern humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human Biology is the property of Wayne State University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - DNA
KW  - HUMAN genetics -- Variation
KW  - HISTORY
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
KW  - GENETIC markers
KW  - INDONESIANS
KW  - JAPAN
KW  - ALU INTERSPERSED REPEATS
KW  - GENETIC VARIATION
KW  - PCR. DNA POLYMORPHISM
N1  - Accession Number: 24688539; Perna, Nicole T. 1,2 Batzer, Mark A. 3 Deininger, Prescott L. 4,5 Stoneking, Mark 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Anthropology. Pennsylvania State University. University Park. PA 16802  2: Program in Genetics. University of New Hampshire. Spaulding Life Sciences. Durham. NH 03824  3: Human Genome Center. Biomedical Sciences Division. L-452. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Livermore. CA 94550  4: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Louisiana State University Medical Center. 1901 Perdido Street, Nesw Orleans. LA 70112  5: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics. Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation. New Orleans. LA 70121; Source Info: Oct92, Vol. 64 Issue 5, p641; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: HUMAN genetics -- Variation; Subject Term: HISTORY; Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Subject Term: GENETIC markers; Subject Term: INDONESIANS; Subject Term: JAPAN; Author-Supplied Keyword: ALU INTERSPERSED REPEATS; Author-Supplied Keyword: GENETIC VARIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCR. DNA POLYMORPHISM; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Garten Jr., Charles T.
T1  - Deposition of H15NO3 vapour to white oak, red maple and loblolly pine foliage: experimental observations and a generalized model.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1992/10//
VL  - 122
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
EP  - 337
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Nitric acid vapour enriched with 15N (H15NO3) was volatilized into the cuvette of an open-flow gas exchange system containing red maple (<em>Acer rubrum</em> L.), white oak (<em>Quercus alba</em> L.), or loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L.) seedling shoots to facilitate direct measurements of total foliar deposition, and subsequent assessments of the rate of HNO3 movement across the cuticle (transcuticular uptake). Total H15NO3 vapour deposition to foliar surfaces ranged from < 5 to 27 nmol m--2 s-1, the variability being largely accounted for by differences in HNO3, concentrations and leaf conductance. Mean whole-leaf conductance to HNO3 ranged between 0.9 and 3.4 mm for hardwoods and between 6 and 34 mm s-1 for loblolly pine. Of the total H15NO3 vapour deposited to leaves, an average of 39 to 48% was immediately 'bound' into hardwood foliage whereas only 3% was bound to loblolly pine needles. This implies that rain events might extract greater amounts of HNO3-derived nitrate in throughfall from conifer canopies as compared to hardwood canopies. Post-exposure H15NO3 uptake rates across the leaf cuticle increased with surface nitrate concentrations, but were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower (0.06 to 0.24 nmol m-2 s-1) than total HNO3 deposition during exposures. A generalized leaf-level model of HNO3 deposition to foliage capable of simulating deposition pathways to sorption sites on the leaf surface, and to the metabolically active leaf interior via transcuticular or stomatal pathways is formulated and suggested for use in planning future work on HNO3 deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WHITE oak
KW  - RED maple
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - GAS exchange in plants
KW  - PLANT canopies
KW  - PLANT cuticle
KW  - Dry deposition
KW  - leaf conductance
KW  - model
KW  - nitric acid vapour.
N1  - Accession Number: 12373507; Hanson, Paul J. 1 Garten Jr., Charles T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Source Info: Oct92, Vol. 122 Issue 2, p329; Subject Term: WHITE oak; Subject Term: RED maple; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: GAS exchange in plants; Subject Term: PLANT canopies; Subject Term: PLANT cuticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dry deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: model; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitric acid vapour.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Idzorek, George
AU  - Idzorek, Roberta Day
T1  - Toyota Previa All-Trac: Foul-weather friend.
JO  - Design News
JF  - Design News
Y1  - 1992/10/05/
VL  - 48
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 164
SN  - 00119407
AB  - The article focuses on the experience of a family using a Toyota Previa All-Trac minivan in the U.S. The author appreciated the van's roominess and his kids also like the rear heater and air conditioner as well as the cupholders and pockets on the side. The van also came with power windows and the headlights shut off automatically when the key is removed. According to the author, the van was not designed for owner-maintenance.
KW  - PREVIA van
KW  - TOYOTA vans
KW  - AUTOMOBILE lighting
KW  - FAMILIES
KW  - MAINTENANCE
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 19091456; Idzorek, George 1 Idzorek, Roberta Day 1; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical Engineer, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 10/5/92, Vol. 48 Issue 19, p163; Subject Term: PREVIA van; Subject Term: TOYOTA vans; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE lighting; Subject Term: FAMILIES; Subject Term: MAINTENANCE; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shugart, H. H.
AU  - Smith, T. M.
AU  - Post, W. M.
T1  - THE POTENTIAL FOR APPLICATION OF INDIVIDUAL-BASED SIMULATION MODELS FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CHANGE.
JO  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
Y1  - 1992/12//
VL  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 38
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 00664162
AB  - Focuses on the significance of an individual-based simulation models for assessing the effects of global change. Comparison between site and global scales of the mode-based global assessments; Assessment on vegetation change; Accounts of the individual-based forest models.
KW  - GLOBAL environmental change
KW  - FOREST dynamics
KW  - VEGETATION dynamics
KW  - FOREST ecology
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - ECOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12408744; Shugart, H. H. 1 Smith, T. M. 1 Post, W. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: 1992, Vol. 23, p15; Subject Term: GLOBAL environmental change; Subject Term: FOREST dynamics; Subject Term: VEGETATION dynamics; Subject Term: FOREST ecology; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lavazza, Luigi
AU  - Raybould, Andrew
AU  - Grosberg, John A.
AU  - Kilgour, Alistair C.
AU  - Max, Nelson
AU  - Vatti, Bala
T1  - TECHNICAL CORRESPONDENCE.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1993/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 112
EP  - 115
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Presents several letters to the editor about class hierarchy inheritance, published in the January 1, 1993 issue of the journal "Communications of the ACM." Perspectives through which class hierarchy inheritance can be viewed; Characteristics of concept-oriented view of class hierarchy inheritance.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - COMMUNICATIONS of the ACM (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 12617130; Lavazza, Luigi 1 Raybould, Andrew Grosberg, John A. Kilgour, Alistair C. 2 Max, Nelson 3 Vatti, Bala 4; Affiliation:  1: CEFRIEL, Milano, Italy.  2: Heriot-Watt University Riccarton, Edinburgh.  3: University of California, Davis, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA.  4: Lockheed Commercial Electronics Co. Hudson, NH.; Source Info: Jan1993, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p112; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: COMPUTER architecture; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Reviews & Products: COMMUNICATIONS of the ACM (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rider, William J.
T1  - A COMPARISON OF TVD LAX-WENDROFF METHODS.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1993/02//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
EP  - 155
SN  - 10698299
AB  - This paper compares two formulations of Lax-Wendroff TVD methods. The basis of comparison is to the results of several test problems providing both qualitative and quantitative results. Results show that using an upwind biased limiter provides higher resolution of both smooth and discontinuous solutions from a lower amount of induced numerical viscosity. The conclusion is that a limiter should have as small a support as possible in order to limit its effects if high resolution is the object. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - QUALITATIVE research
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - QUANTITATIVE research
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 12732474; Rider, William J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb93, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p147; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE research; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: QUANTITATIVE research; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunderson, C. A.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Wullschleger, S. A.
T1  - Foliar gas exchange responses of two deciduous hardwoods during 3 years of growth in elevated CO2: no loss of photosynthetic enhancement.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1993/09//
VL  - 16
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
EP  - 807
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Responses of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were monitored throughout a 3-year field exposure of <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em> (yellow-poplar) and <em>Quercus alba</em> (white oak) to elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2. Exposure to atmospheres enriched with +150 and +300 μmol mol-1 CO2 increased net photosynthesis by 12-144% over the course of the study. Net photosynthesis was consistently higher at +300 than at +150 μmol mol-1 CO2. The effect of CO2 enrichment on stomatal conductance was limited, hut instantaneous leaf-level water use efficiency increased significantly. No decrease in the responsiveness of photosynthesis to CO2 enrichment over time was detected, and the responses were consistent throughout the canopy and across successive growth flushes and seasons. The relationships between internal CO2 concentration and photosynthesis (e.g. photosynthetic capacity and carboxylation efficiency) were not altered by growth at elevated concentrations of CO2. No alteration in the timing of leaf senescence or abscission was detected, suggesting that the seasonal duration of effective gas-exchange was unaffected by CO2 treatment. These results are consistent with data previously reported for these species in controlled-environment studies, and suggest that leaf-level photosynthesis does not down-regulate in these species as a result of acclimation to CO2 enrichment in the field, This sustained enhancement of photosynthesis provides the opportunity for increased growth and carbon storage by trees as the atmospheric concentration of CO2 rises, but many additional factors interact in determining whole-plant and forest responses to global change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCLIMATIZATION
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - WHITE oak
KW  - LIRIODENDRON tulipifera
KW  - WATER use
KW  - <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em>
KW  - <em>Quercus alba</em>
KW  - Acclimation
KW  - Carbon dioxide exposure, high
KW  - elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Gas exchange, foliar
KW  - Hardwood, deciduous
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - senescence.
KW  - stomatal conductance
KW  - water use efficiency
KW  - white oak
KW  - yellow-poplar
N1  - Accession Number: 8115502; Gunderson, C. A. 1 Norby, R. J. Wullschleger, S. A.; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.; Source Info: Sep1993, Vol. 16 Issue 7, p797; Subject Term: ACCLIMATIZATION; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: WHITE oak; Subject Term: LIRIODENDRON tulipifera; Subject Term: WATER use; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Liriodendron tulipifera</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Quercus alba</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acclimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide exposure, high; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas exchange, foliar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardwood, deciduous; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: senescence.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: water use efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: yellow-poplar; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep8115502
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lutz, Earlin D.
AU  - Gray, L. J.
T1  - ANALYTIC EVALUATION OF SINGULAR BOUNDARY INTEGRALS WITHOUT CPV.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1993/11//
VL  - 9
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 909
EP  - 915
SN  - 10698299
AB  - Boundary integral equations are generally derived by employing a Cauchy Principal Value definition for the singular integral involving the derivative of the Green function. As a consequence, evaluation of this integral requires special attention, and computing the associated `solid angle coefficient' can often pose difficulties. As discussed herein, these problems can be avoided by defining the integral directly, in terms of a limit to the boundary. This approach leads to a straightforward evaluation procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRAL calculus
KW  - SINGULAR integrals
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12735690; Lutz, Earlin D. 1 Gray, L. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: 408 Richard Pl., Ithaca, NY, 14850, U.S.A.  2: Engineering Physics and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov93, Vol. 9 Issue 11, p909; Subject Term: INTEGRAL calculus; Subject Term: SINGULAR integrals; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chakrabarti, Swapan
AU  - Demarest, Kenneth R.
AU  - Miller, Edmund K.
T1  - AN EXTENDED FREQUENCY-DOMAIN PRONY'S METHOD FOR TRANSFER FUNCTION PARAMETER ESTIMATION.
JO  - International Journal of Numerical Modelling
JF  - International Journal of Numerical Modelling
Y1  - 1993/11//
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 281
SN  - 08943370
AB  - The estimation of transfer-function parameters, such as poles and zeros, is useful for characterizing and identifying electromagnetic scatterers. The conventional frequency-domain Prony's technique can estimate these parameters from sampled, frequency-domain data. However, it fails to estimate the true parameters when the sampled data contains contributions from out-of-band poles. In this paper, an extended frequency- domain Prony's technique is developed that circumvents this problem by adding polynomial terms to the standard, Prony pole series. This new technique is shown to be very effective for estimating the poles of transfer functions over very wide bandwidths, without the need for large numbers of simultaneous equations, even when the data are corrupted by noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Numerical Modelling is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - TRANSFER functions (Mathematics)
KW  - AUTOMATIC control
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - DATA transmission systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12784578; Chakrabarti, Swapan 1 Demarest, Kenneth R. 1 Miller, Edmund K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 1013 Learned Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, U.S.A.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MEE-3, MS J580, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov93, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p269; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: TRANSFER functions (Mathematics); Subject Term: AUTOMATIC control; Subject Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geider, Richard J.
AU  - Roche, Julie La
AU  - Greene, Richard M.
AU  - Olaizola, Miguel
T1  - RESPONSE OF THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS OF <em>PHAEODACTYLUM TRICORNUTUM</em> (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) TO NITRATE, PHOSPHATE, OR IRON STARVATION.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1993/12//
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
EP  - 766
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The effects of nitrate, phosphate, and iron starvation and resupply on photosynthetic pigments, selected photosynthetic proteins, and photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry were examined in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (CCMP 1327). Although cell chlorophyll a (chl a ) content decreased in nutrient-starved cells, the ratios of light-harvesting accessory pigments (chl c and fucoxanthin) to chl a were unaffected by nutrient starvation. The chl a-specific light absorption coefficient (a*) and the functional absorption cross-section of PSII (σ) increased during nutrient starvation, consistent with reduction of intracellular self-shading (i.e. a reduction of the "package effect") as cells became chlorotic. The light-harvesting complex proteins remained a constant proportion of total cell protein during nutrient starvation, indicating that chlorosis mirrored a general reduction in cell protein content. The ratio of the xanthophyll cycle pigments diatoxanthin and diadinoxanthin to chl a increased during nutrient starvation. These pigments are thought to play a photoprotective role by increasing dissipation of excitation energy in the pigment bed upstream from the reaction centers. Despite the increase in diatoxanthin and diadinoxanthin, the efficiency of PSII photochemistry, as measured by the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (F[SUBv]/F[SUBm]) of dark-adapted cells, declined markedly under nitrate and iron starvation and moderately under phosphate starvation. Parallel to changes in F[SUBv]/F[SUBm] Were decreases in abundance of the reaction center protein D1 consistent with damage of PSII reaction centers in nutrient-starved cells. The relative abundance of the carboxylating enzyme, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RUBISCO), decreased in response to nitrate and iron starvation but not phosphate starvation. Most marked was the decline in the abundance of the small subunit of RUBISCO in nitrate-starved cells. The changes in pigment content and fluorescence characteristics were typically reversed within 24 h of resupply of the limiting nutrient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIATOMS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - WESTERN immunoblotting
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - absorption cross-section
KW  - Bacillariophyceae
KW  - diadinoxanthin
KW  - diatoxanthin
KW  - fluorescence quenching
KW  - fucoxanthin-chorophyll-protein complex
KW  - nutrient limitations
KW  - Phaeodactylum tricornutum
KW  - reaction center II
KW  - western blot
N1  - Accession Number: 11190024; Geider, Richard J. 1 Roche, Julie La 2 Greene, Richard M. 2 Olaizola, Miguel 2; Affiliation:  1: College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958-1298  2: Oceanographic & Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Dec93, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p755; Subject Term: DIATOMS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: WESTERN immunoblotting; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: absorption cross-section; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillariophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: diadinoxanthin; Author-Supplied Keyword: diatoxanthin; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence quenching; Author-Supplied Keyword: fucoxanthin-chorophyll-protein complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient limitations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction center II; Author-Supplied Keyword: western blot; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11190024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roche, Julie La
AU  - Geider, Richard J.
AU  - Graziano, Lisa M.
AU  - Murray, Helen
AU  - Lewis, Kerith
T1  - INDUCTION OR SPECIFIC PROTEINS IN EUKARYOTIC ALGAE GROWN UNDER IRON-, PHOSPHORUS-, OR NITROGEN-DEFICIENT CONDITIONS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1993/12//
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
EP  - 777
SN  - 00223646
AB  - What limits phytoplankton growth in nature? The answer is elusive because of methodological problems associated with bottle incubations and nutrient addition experiments. We are investigating the possibility that antibodies to proteins repressed by a specific nutrient can be used as probes to indicate which nutrient limits photosynthetic carbon fixation in the ocean. The diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin and the chlorophyte Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher were grown in batch cultures in artificial seawater and f/2 nutrient lacking either phosphorus, iron, or nitrogen. Chlorosis was induced by nutrient limitation in both species with the exception of phosphorus-limited D. tertiolecta. The synthesis and appearance of specific proteins were followed by labeling with [SUP14]C-bicarbonate. Nutrient limitation in general leads to a decrease in the quantum efficiency of photosystem II, suggesting that deficiency of any nutrient affects the photosynthetic apparatus to some degree; however, the effect of nitrogen and iron limitation on quantum efficiency is more severe than that of phosphorus. A crude fractionation of the soluble and membrane proteins demonstrated that the large proteins induced under limitation by phosphorus and iron were associated with the membranes. However, small iron-repressible proteins were located in the soluble fraction. Isolation with anion-exchange chromatography and N-terminal sequencing of iron-repressible, 23-kDa proteins from D. tertiolecta, P. tricornutum, and Chaetoceros gracilis revealed that these small soluble proteins have strong homology with the N-terminal sequence of flavodoxins from Azotobacter and Clostridium. The identity of the flavodoxin from D. tertiolecta was confirmed by immunodetection using antiflavodoxin raised against Chlorella. Flavodoxin was detected only under iron deprivation and was absent from nitrogen- and phosphorus-limited algae. Flavodoxin is a prime candidate for a molecular probe of iron limitation in the ocean. The requirements to confirm its utility in nature are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYTOPLANKTON
KW  - ALGAE
KW  - DIATOMS
KW  - PHOSPHORUS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - Bacillariophyceae
KW  - Chlorophyta
KW  - Dunaliella tertiolecta
KW  - flavodoxin
KW  - iron
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - nutrient limitation
KW  - Phaeodatylum tricornutum
KW  - phosphorus
KW  - phytoplankton
N1  - Accession Number: 11190028; Roche, Julie La 1 Geider, Richard J. 2 Graziano, Lisa M. 2 Murray, Helen 1 Lewis, Kerith 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958-1298  3: Southampton College, Southampton, New York  11968; Source Info: Dec93, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p767; Subject Term: PHYTOPLANKTON; Subject Term: ALGAE; Subject Term: DIATOMS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillariophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorophyta; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dunaliella tertiolecta; Author-Supplied Keyword: flavodoxin; Author-Supplied Keyword: iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient limitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phaeodatylum tricornutum; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorus; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoplankton; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112519 Other Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11190028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ball, Deborah Yarsike
T1  - Ethnic Conflict, Unit Performance, and the Soviet Armed Forces.
JO  - Armed Forces & Society (0095327X)
JF  - Armed Forces & Society (0095327X)
Y1  - 1994///Winter94
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 258
PB  - Sage Publications Inc.
SN  - 0095327X
AB  - The article focuses on a research study conducted by the author to understand the impact of the Soviet military on ethnic relations, and the impact of ethnic relations on military performance. The research does not spell out any result such as whether the Soviet military joined any diverse ethnic group or troubled the existing ethical problems. The result comes out to be that ethnic relations had a considerable impact on military performances. It is inferred that the performance of those units is better that are having better ethnic relations than the units that are having poor relations.
KW  - ARMED Forces
KW  - ETHNIC relations
KW  - SOVIET military bases
KW  - ETHNIC conflict
KW  - PERFORMANCE
KW  - ETHICAL problems
KW  - ETHNIC groups
KW  - SOVIET Union
N1  - Accession Number: 9405240020; Ball, Deborah Yarsike 1; Affiliation:  1: Arms Control Fellow at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: Winter94, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p239; Subject Term: ARMED Forces; Subject Term: ETHNIC relations; Subject Term: SOVIET military bases; Subject Term: ETHNIC conflict; Subject Term: PERFORMANCE; Subject Term: ETHICAL problems; Subject Term: ETHNIC groups; Subject Term: SOVIET Union; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 5 Charts; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 7627
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grady, D.E.
T1  - Hydrodynamic compressibility of silicon carbide through shock compression of metal-ceramic mixtures.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 1994/01//1/1/1994
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Shock-compression experiments were performed on 50% by volume ceramic-metal mixtures of silicon carbide and copper at pressures of 15–30 GPa. The objective of these experiments was to determine the hydrodynamic compressibility (dynamic pressure-volume response) of silicon carbide through shock measurements on the ceramic-metal composite and the application of analytic mixture theory. Compression states inferred for silicon carbide above 20 GPa appear consistent with hydrodynamic behavior and are in agreement with compression curves extrapolated from ultrasonic data. Dynamic strength or viscosity effects apparently complicate shock compression of the ceramic-metal composite at the lower shock pressures. Shock release experiments on the composites provide further high-pressure equation-of-state data for the ceramic-metal mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPACTING
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - COMPRESSIBILITY
N1  - Accession Number: 10791456; Grady, D.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Impact Physics Division, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: 1/1/1994, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p197; Subject Term: COMPACTING; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: COMPRESSIBILITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.355883
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fang, Y.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
T1  - Tracer diffusion of Ag in Bi[sub 2]Sr[sub 2]Ca[sub n-1]Cu[sub n]O[sub 2n+4].
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 1994/01//1/1/1994
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 210
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Tracer diffusion of Ag in the c direction of single crystal Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox (2212), and in dense polycrystalline Bi2Sr2CuOx (2201) and (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (2223) has been investigated. Concentration profiles were measured by secondary-ion mass spectrometry and by a radiotracer serial-sectioning technique for the single and polycrystals, respectively. The diffusion coefficients of Ag in the c direction of 2212 at 500 and 600 °C at one atmosphere of oxygen are approximately four orders of magnitude smaller than those previously measured in 2212 polycrystals by [Y. Fang, S. Danyluk, K. C. Goretta, N. Chen, M. Runde, S. J. Rothman, and J. L. Routbort, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 2291 (1992)]. The volume diffusivity of 110Ag in 2223 is given by D=6.7×107 exp[(-334±12 kJ/mol/RT] cm2/s at temperatures from 600 to 817 °C, and is not very sensitive to oxygen partial pressure between 103 and 105 Pa at 760 °C. The diffusion coefficient of 110Ag in 2201 is described by D=155 exp[(-196±6 kJ/mol)/RT]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILVER
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - TRACERS (Chemistry)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - ION mobility spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10791454; Fang, Y. 1 Routbort, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: 1/1/1994, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p210; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: TRACERS (Chemistry); Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ION mobility spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.356983
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forro, L.
AU  - Chauvet, O.
AU  - Emin, D.
AU  - Zuppiroli, L.
AU  - Berger, H.
AU  - Lévy, F.
T1  - High mobility n-type charge carriers in large single crystals of anatase (TiO2).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 1994/01//1/1/1994
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Resistivity, thermopower, and Hall-effect measurements on large single crystals of the anatase form of TiO2 all indicate high mobility n-type carriers that are produced by thermal excitation from a density of ∼1018 cm-3 putatively present shallow donor states. The decrease of the mobility with increasing temperature is consistent with the scattering of carriers by the optical phonons of TiO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - COLLISIONAL excitation
KW  - HALL effect
N1  - Accession Number: 10791375; Forro, L. 1 Chauvet, O. 1 Emin, D. 1,2 Zuppiroli, L. 1 Berger, H. 3 Lévy, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physique des Solides Semicristallins, Département de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland  2: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico  3: Institut de Physique Appliquée, Départment de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Source Info: 1/1/1994, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p633; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: COLLISIONAL excitation; Subject Term: HALL effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.355801
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, H.
AU  - Klein, M.V.
AU  - Aspnes, D.E.
AU  - Kuo, C.P.
AU  - Peanasky, M.
AU  - Craford, M.G.
T1  - Erratum: ‘‘Optical study of (AlxGa1-x)0.5ln0.5P/GaAs semiconductor alloys by spectroscopic ellipsometry’’ [J. Appl. Phys. 73, 400 (1993)].
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 1994/01//1/1/1994
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction Notice
SP  - 679
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Presents an erratum under the article title 'Optical Study of (Al[subx]Ga[sub1-x])[sub0.5]In[0.5]P/GaAs Semiconductors Alloys by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry' appearing in volume 75, January 1994 edition of the 'Journal of Applied Physics' periodical.
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC literature
N1  - Accession Number: 10791360; Lee, H. 1,2 Klein, M.V. 1 Aspnes, D.E. 3 Kuo, C.P. 4 Peanasky, M. 4 Craford, M.G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS  3: Bell Communications Research Inc., New Jersey  4: Optoelectronics Division, Hewlett Packard, California; Source Info: 1/1/1994, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p679; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC literature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction Notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.357045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Ziska, Lewis H.
AU  - Bunce, James A.
T1  - Respiratory responses of higher plants to atmospheric CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1994/01//
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 229
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Although the respiratory response of native and agricultural plants to atmospheric CO2 enrichment has been reported over the past 75 years, only recently have these effects emerged as prominent measures of plant and ecosystem response to the earth's changing climate. In this review we discuss this rapidly expanding field of study and propose that both increasing and decreasing rates of leaf and whole-plant respiration are likely to occur in response to rising CO2 concentrations. While the stimulatory effects of CO2 on respiration are consistent with our knowledge of leaf carbohydrate status and plant metabolism, we wish to emphasize the rather surprising short-term inhibition of leaf respiration by elevated CO2 and the reported effects of long-term CO2 exposure on growth and maintenance respiration. As is being found in many studies, it is easier to document the respiratory response of higher plants to elevated CO2 than it is to assign a mechanistic basis for the observed effects. Despite this gap in our understanding of how respiration is affected by CO2 enrichment, data are sufficient to suggest that changes in leaf and whole-plant respiration may be important considerations in the carbon dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems as global CO2 continues to rise. Suggestions for future research that would enable these and other effects of CO2 on respiration to be unravelled are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESPIRATION in plants
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - CARBOHYDRATES
KW  - PLANT metabolism
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - growth respiration
KW  - maintenance respiration
KW  - respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 12728253; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1 Ziska, Lewis H. 2 Bunce, James A. 2; Affiliation:  1: S. D. Wullschleger (corresponding author), Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA;  2: L. H. Ziska and J. A. Bunce, Climate Stress Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA.; Source Info: Jan1994, Vol. 90 Issue 1, p221; Subject Term: RESPIRATION in plants; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: CARBOHYDRATES; Subject Term: PLANT metabolism; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: maintenance respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1994.900132.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aloia, John F.
AU  - Vaswani, Ashok
AU  - Yeh, James K.
AU  - Ross, Patrick L.
AU  - Flaster, Edith
AU  - Dilmanian, F. Avraham
T1  - Calcium Supplementation with and without Hormone Replacement Therapy To Prevent Postmenopausal Bone Loss.
JO  - Annals of Internal Medicine
JF  - Annals of Internal Medicine
Y1  - 1994/01/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 103
SN  - 00034819
AB  - Objective: To determine whether augmentation of dietary calcium is effective in the prevention of early postmenopausal bone loss. Design: Three-arm, placebo-controlled, randomized parallel trial. The study duration was 2.9 ± 1.1 (SD) years. Setting: General community. Participants: 118 healthy, white women 3 to 6 years after spontaneous menopause, recruited by community announcement. Interventions: Random allocation to daily intake of 1700 mg of calcium (calcium carbonate given in divided doses with meals); placebo; or conjugated equine estrogens (0.625 mg; days 1 to 25), progesterone (10 mg; days 16 to 25), and 1700 mg of elemental calcium daily. Each participant received 400 IU of vitamin D daily. Main Outcome Measures: Total body calcium measured by delayed gamma neutron activation analysis and whole-body counting; bone mineral density of the spine, femur, and radius measured by photon absorptiometry. Results: Bone mineral density declined in the placebo group for the lumbar spine (-2.1 %/y; 95% CI, -3.3 to -0.9), femoral neck (-2.0%/y; CI,-2.6 to -1.2), trochanter (-1.6%/y; CI, -2.4 to-0.8), Ward triangle (-2.7%/y; CI, -3.7 to -1.7), and total body calcium (-2.0%/y; CI, -2.2 to-1.8). Rates of change were intermediate for calcium augmentation compared with placebo and estrogen-progesterone-calcium but statistically significant compared with placebo for total body calcium (-0.5%/y; CI, -0.9 to -- 0.1; P = 0.006) and the femoral neck (-0.8%/y; CI, -1.4 to -0.2; P = 0.03). Conclusions: Although less effective than estrogen-progesterone-calcium, calcium augmentation alone significantly retards bone loss from the femoral neck and improves calcium balance in recently postmenopausal women. Dietary calcium augmentation should be recommended as a strategic option in helping to prevent early postmenopausal bone loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Internal Medicine is the property of American College of Physicians and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BONES -- Diseases
KW  - CALCIUM -- Physiological effect
KW  - ESTROGEN -- Therapeutic use
KW  - PROGESTERONE
KW  - THERAPEUTIC use
N1  - Accession Number: 6986585; Aloia, John F. 1,2 Vaswani, Ashok 1,2 Yeh, James K. 1,2 Ross, Patrick L. 1,2 Flaster, Edith 1,2 Dilmanian, F. Avraham 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: 1/15/94, Vol. 120 Issue 2, p97; Subject Term: BONES -- Diseases; Subject Term: CALCIUM -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: ESTROGEN -- Therapeutic use; Subject Term: PROGESTERONE; Subject Term: THERAPEUTIC use; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5878
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Stanbridge, P. J.
AU  - Blake, Richard
AU  - Ali, Muazzam
AU  - Kops, Ivars
AU  - Baurac, David
AU  - Sadil, Christopher
AU  - Pollitzer, Angela
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Economist
JF  - Economist
Y1  - 1994/01/29/
VL  - 330
IS  - 7848
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 00130613
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues, including "Who's Sharper Now?," in the January 15, 1994 issue, "Emerging, Submerging," in the January 22, 1994 issue, and an article about the intellectual-property problems of the drug industry.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - INDUSTRIAL policy
KW  - BUSINESS enterprises -- United States
KW  - EMERGING markets
KW  - INTELLECTUAL property
N1  - Accession Number: 18388073; Stanbridge, P. J. Blake, Richard Ali, Muazzam 1 Kops, Ivars Baurac, David 2 Sadil, Christopher Pollitzer, Angela; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Islamic Banking and Insurance, London  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 1/29/94, Vol. 330 Issue 7848, p6; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL policy; Subject Term: BUSINESS enterprises -- United States; Subject Term: EMERGING markets; Subject Term: INTELLECTUAL property; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 932
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frauenfelder, Hans
AU  - Berg, Howard C.
T1  - SPECIAL ISSUE: PHYSICS AND BIOLOGY.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1994/02//
VL  - 47
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 21
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - The article discusses various reports within the issue, which is devoted to the interface between physics and biology, including one by Joseph Bastian on electrosensation by weakly electric fish, and another by Graham Fleming and Rienk van Grondelle on proteins used by plants to convert solar energy into chemical energy.
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - LIFE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 31739001; Frauenfelder, Hans 1 Berg, Howard C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Harvard University; Source Info: Feb94, Vol. 47 Issue 2, p20; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: LIFE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Datz, Sheldon
AU  - Strayer, Michael
AU  - Dalgarino, Alex
T1  - Christopher Bottcher.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 1994/02//
VL  - 47
IS  - 2
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 118
EP  - 118
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - An obituary for Christopher Bottcher, senior research scientist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, is presented.
KW  - BOTTCHER, Christopher
N1  - Accession Number: 31739151; Datz, Sheldon 1 Strayer, Michael 1 Dalgarino, Alex 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Harvard-Smithsonian Laboratory Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Source Info: Feb94, Vol. 47 Issue 2, p118; People: BOTTCHER, Christopher; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camp, W.J.
AU  - Plimpton, S. J.
AU  - Hendrickson, B. A.
AU  - Leland, R. W.
T1  - Massively Parallel Methods for Engineering and Science Problems.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1994/04//
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 41
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Massively parallel (ML) computing is seen by engineers and scientists as a tool useful for reaching this goal. Unfortunately, for those who simply wish to use the tool, exploiting parallelism in physical problems brings with it a new set of challenges. Issues that were not important for vector supercomputer implementation can seriously impact a simulation's performance on a ML machine. These include decomposing the physical problem into naturally parallel parts, load balancing the computation across multiple processors, efficiently communicating data between processors, and fast movement of data in and out of the machine. It is these issues-which the engineer/scientist views as tangential to the task of actually solving the problem at hand, that have created the perception that parallel computers are a specialty breed and have slowed their acceptance by industry. As large parallel machines become more generally available to the traditional vector supercomputer user community, and programmers become accustomed to thinking about their problems from the perspective of parallelism, creating new parallel simulations will become commonplace and thus easier. A second component of the solution is auxiliary tools supplied by vendors and third parties.
KW  - ENGINEERS
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 12620733; Camp, W.J. 1; Email Address: wjcamp@cs.sandia.gov Plimpton, S. J. 2; Email Address: sjplimp@cs.sandia.gov Hendrickson, B. A. 3; Email Address: bahendr@cs.sandia.gov Leland, R. W. 4; Email Address: rwlelan@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Manager, Parallel Computational Sciences Department.  2: Staff Member, Parallel Computational Sciences Department,t Sandia National Laboratories.  3: Staff Member, Applied and Computational Mathematics Department, Sandia National Laboratories.  4: Staff Member, Parallel Computational Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories.; Source Info: Apr94, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p31; Subject Term: ENGINEERS; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geeter, F.
AU  - Franken, F.
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Bossuyt, A.
T1  - Relationship between blood flow and fatty acid metabolism in subacute myocardial infarction: a study by means ofTc-Sestamibi andI-β-methyl-iodo-phenyl pentadecanoic acid.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
EP  - 291
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146195; Geeter, F. 1 Franken, F. 1 Knapp, F. 2 Bossuyt, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, 101 Laarbeeklaan B-1090 Brussels Belgium  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6022 Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Apr1994, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p283; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00947962
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geeter, F.
AU  - Franken, F.
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Bossuyt, A.
T1  - Relationship between blood flow and fatty acid metabolism in subacute myocardial infarction: a study by means of Tc-Sestamibi and I-β-methyl-iodo-phenyl pentadecanoic acid.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
EP  - 291
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146214; Geeter, F. 1 Franken, F. 1 Knapp, F. 2 Bossuyt, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, 101 Laarbeeklaan B-1090 Brussels Belgium  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6022 Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Apr1994, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p283; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00176566
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrill, W. Andrew
T1  - The Gulf Conflict 1990-91: Diplomacy and War in the New World Order/Desert Storm: The Gulf War and What We Learned (Book).
JO  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
JF  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
Y1  - 1994/04//Apr-Jun94
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 223
EP  - 225
SN  - 1057610X
AB  - Reviews two books about the 1991 Gulf War. "The Gulf Conflict, 1990-91: Diplomacy and War in the New World Order," by Lawrence Freedman and Efraim Karsh; "Desert Storm: The Gulf War and What We Learned," by Michael J. Mazarr, Don M. Snider and James A. Blackwell.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - FREEDMAN, Lawrence
KW  - KARSH, Efraim
KW  - MAZARR, Michael J.
KW  - SNIDER, Don M.
KW  - BLACKWELL, James A.
KW  - GULF Conflict 1990-1991: Diplomacy & War in the New World Order, The (Book)
KW  - DESERT Storm: The Gulf War & What We Learned (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9412276705; Terrill, W. Andrew 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr-Jun94, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p223; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: GULF Conflict 1990-1991: Diplomacy & War in the New World Order, The (Book); Reviews & Products: DESERT Storm: The Gulf War & What We Learned (Book); People: FREEDMAN, Lawrence; People: KARSH, Efraim; People: MAZARR, Michael J.; People: SNIDER, Don M.; People: BLACKWELL, James A.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Feinendegen, L.
T1  - Iodoheptadecanoic acid scintigraphy is related to lipid turnover.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/05//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 467
EP  - 468
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146235; Feinendegen, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973-50000 Upton USA; Source Info: May1994, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p467; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1007/BF00171426
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jamil, Mamnoon
AU  - Batta, Rajan
AU  - Malon, David M.
T1  - The Traveling Repairperson Home Base Location Problem.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1994/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - This paper considers the problem of locating the home base of a traveling server on a network. Calls for service arrive solely at nodes via independent, time-homogeneous Poisson processes. Calls finding the server busy enter a finite capacity queue which is depleted in a First-Come- First-Served (FCFS) manner. The server travels from his / her home base serving calls back-to-back, returning home only when he / she finds the system empty upon the completion of a service. The objective we consider is to minimize the average response time to an accepted call. The queueing system is analyzed via a busy period analysis, which uses a decoupling scheme to simplify the task of optimizing the home base location. Computational experience is discussed and a numerical example is presented. Generalizations of the model are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOME businesses
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - POISSON processes
KW  - OFFICES -- Location
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - TRAVEL
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
KW  - QUEUING theory
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
N1  - Accession Number: 4453889; Jamil, Mamnoon 1 Batta, Rajan 2 Malon, David M. 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Business, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey 08102.  2: Department of Industrial Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260.  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: May94, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p150; Subject Term: HOME businesses; Subject Term: MANAGEMENT; Subject Term: POISSON processes; Subject Term: OFFICES -- Location; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: TRAVEL; Subject Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; Subject Term: QUEUING theory; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider, Jane C.
AU  - Roessler, Paul
T1  - RADIOLABELING STUDIES OF LIPIDS AND FATTY ACIDS IN <em>NANNOCHLOROPSIS</em> (EUSTIGMATOPHYCEAF), AN OLEAGINOUS MARINE ALGAS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1994/08//
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 594
EP  - 598
SN  - 00223646
AB  - The synthesis of fatty acids and lipids in Nannochloropsis sp. Was investigated by labeling cells in vivo with [[sup14]C]-bicarbonate or [[sup14]C]-acetate. [[sup14]C]-bicarbonate was incorporated to the greatest extent into 16:0, 16:0 and 14:0 fatty acids, which are the predominant fatty acids of triacylglycerols. However, more than half of the [[sup14]C]-acetate was incorporated into longer and more desaturated fatty acids, which are constituents of membrane lipids. [[sup14]C]-acetate was incorporated most strongly into phosphatidylcholine, which rapidly lost during a 5-h chase period. The label associated with phosphatidyleth anolomine also decreased during the chase period, where as label in other membrane lipids and triacylglycerol increased. The dynamics of labeling, along with information regarding the acyl compositions of various lipids, suggested (that 1) the primary products of chloroplast fatty acids are formed by an elongation reaction that can utilize externally supplied acetate; 3) phosphatidylcholine is a site for desaturation of C[sub18] fatty acids; and 4) phosphatidylethamolamine may be a site for desaturation of C[sub20] fatty acids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARACHIDONIC acid
KW  - EICOSAPENTAENOIC acid
KW  - FISH oils
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - arachidonic acid
KW  - eicosapentaenoic acid
KW  - Eustigmatophyceae
KW  - fish oil
KW  - Nannochloropsis
KW  - pulse chase.
N1  - Accession Number: 11471101; Schneider, Jane C. 1 Roessler, Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Aug94, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p594; Subject Term: ARACHIDONIC acid; Subject Term: EICOSAPENTAENOIC acid; Subject Term: FISH oils; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: arachidonic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: eicosapentaenoic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eustigmatophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: fish oil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nannochloropsis; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse chase.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311710 Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11471101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fiechtner*, G. J.
AU  - Linne, M. A.
T1  - Direct Stiffness Analysis of Lateral Buckling.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1994/09/02/
VL  - 100
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 27
SN  - 00102202
AB  - We demonstrate a picosecond pump/probe absorption instrument for measuring absolute concentrations in a rapidly fluctuating flame environment at atmospheric pressure. The instrument is based on a regeneratively mode-locked Ti:Sapphire laser. Atomic potassium is seeded into an atmospheric, premixed CH4/air flame. A detection limit for atomic potassium of 1.1 x 1011 cm-3 is obtained for an integration time of 1 second without the need for calibration. We predict a detection limit for CH of 1.0 x 1013 cm -3 if simple modifications are made to the pump/probe instrument, including a reduction in laser spectral bandwidth by a factor of 50.The spatial resolution for our measurements is 0.137cm. We have also demonstrated the temporal resolution that the picosecond pump/probe instrument offers. Here, 50-Hz fluctuations were induced in an otherwise laminar flame, and the resulting fluctuations in the potassium concentration were resolved on power spectral density (psd) plots. A detection limit or 1.5 x 1011 cm-3 was obtained for the psd system. Weestimate that a corresponding detection limit or 1.5 x 1013 cm-3 for CH is possible. The temporal resolution of our system is presently limited to that of the borrowed detection electronics, and simple modifications will allow resolution beyond 1 MHz. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75865337; Fiechtner*, G. J. 1; Linne, M. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Facility Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, gjfiech@ca.sandia.gov California 94551; Issue Info: Jan1994, Vol. 100 Issue 1-6, p11; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102209408935444
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Mirzadeh, S.
T1  - The continuing important role of radionuclide generator systems for nuclear medicine.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 21
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1151
EP  - 1165
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154476; Knapp, F. 1 Mirzadeh, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Medicine Group, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6229 Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Oct1994, Vol. 21 Issue 10, p1151; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00181073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shaing, K. C.
AU  - Hsu, C. T.
AU  - Hazeltine, R. D.
T1  - Effects of orbit squeezing on poloidal mass flow and bootstrap current in tokamak plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3365
EP  - 3368
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - It is shown, by solving the drift kinetic equation, that the asymptotic values of the poloidal mass flow and the bootstrap current in the banana regime of large-aspect-ratio tokamak plasmas are not affected by orbit squeezing. However, because the definition of ion collisionality v*i is reduced by a factor S-3/2, with S = 1 − (ρpid In E4/dr) (cEr/Bpvti), the values of both the poloidal mass flow and the bootstrap current at the banana-plateau transition are different from those of the conventional neoclassical theory. Here, ρpi is the ion poloidal gyroradius, E4 is the radial electric field, c is the speed of light, Bp is the poloidal magnetic strength, vti is the ion thermal speed, and r is the local radius. The implications for the experimental observations of poloidal rotation speeds in high mode (H mode) are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - KINETIC energy
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - DAMPING (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 83369466; Shaing, K. C. 1 Hsu, C. T. 2 Hazeltine, R. D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8071  2: Plasma Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139  3: Institute for Fusion Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712; Source Info: Oct94, Vol. 1 Issue 10, p3365; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: KINETIC energy; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: DAMPING (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dendy, R. O.
AU  - McClements, K. G.
AU  - Lashmore-Davies, C. N.
AU  - Majeski, R.
AU  - Cauffman, S.
T1  - A mechanism for beam-driven excitation of ion cyclotron harmonic waves in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3407
EP  - 3413
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A mechanism is proposed for the excitation of waves at harmonics of the injected ion cyclotron frequencies in neutral beam-heated discharges in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Heating (European Physical Society, Petit-Lancy, Switzerland, 1990), p. 15401. Such waves are observed to originate from the outer midplane edge of the plasma. It is shown that ion cyclotron harmonic waves can be destabilized by a low concentration of sub-Alfvénic deuterium or tritium beam ions, provided these ions have a narrow distribution of speeds parallel to the magnetic field. Such a distribution is likely to occur in the edge plasma, close to the point of beam injection. The predicted instability gives rise to wave emission at propagation angles lying almost perpendicular to the field. In contrast to the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability proposed as an excitation mechanism for fusion-product-driven ion cyclotron emission in the Joint European Torus (JET) [Phys. Plasmas 1, 1918 (1994)], the instability proposed here does not involve resonant fast Alfvén and ion Bernstein waves, and can be driven by sub-Alfvénic energetic ions. It is concluded that the observed emission from TFTR can be driven by beam ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - TRITIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 83369800; Dendy, R. O. 1 McClements, K. G. 1 Lashmore-Davies, C. N. 1 Majeski, R. 2 Cauffman, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: UKAEA Government Division, Fusion, Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Oct94, Vol. 1 Issue 10, p3407; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: TRITIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soběhart, J. R.
T1  - Low noise asymptotic approach to the laser cooling of trapped ions.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3490
EP  - 3501
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The probability distributions of dilute ion systems and two-ion systems trapped in time-dependent potential wells and driven by a radiation field are studied, Ions are excited by electromagnetic radiation and relax back due to either spontaneous or stimulated emissions. The photon statistics are considered Poissonian and the momentum transfer between the electromagnetic field, and the ions are assumed discrete. In the present classical treatment, the photon-ion interaction is simulated, with an effective noise acting on the ions, which produces a stochastic transfer of momentum. The present results are closely related to the quantum treatment in the heavy particle limit as well as to those derived from previous semiclassical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER cooling
KW  - ION traps
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - POISSON processes
KW  - MOMENTUM transfer
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 83370076; Soběhart, J. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, CNLS, MS B-258, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct94, Vol. 1 Issue 10, p3490; Subject Term: LASER cooling; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: POISSON processes; Subject Term: MOMENTUM transfer; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Metz, William C.
T1  - Potential Negative Impacts of Nuclear Activities on Local Economies: Rethinking the Issue.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
EP  - 770
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Surveys of public opinion about perceptions of risk associated with the nuclear fuel cycle have shown that the public professes a widespread feeling of dread, a fear of associated stigmas, and a concern about possible catastrophic nuclear accidents. Various interest groups and state governments that oppose congressionally mandated siting of centralized high-level radioactive waste (HLW) storage and disposal facilities are using this negative imagery to create a powerful, emotional obstacle to the siting process. From statistical analyses of images and location preferences, researchers have claimed that possible significant economic losses could potentially accompany the siting of HLW facilities. However, several paradoxes, or self-contradictory statements, apparently exist between the responses expressed in surveys and the actual economic and demographic behavior evidenced in the marketplace. Federal policymakers need to evaluate whether the request for a change in siting policy is based on subjective fear of a potential negative economic effect or on proven negative effects. Empirically observed behavior does not support predicted negative economic effects based on survey responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear fuels
KW  - Nuclear accidents
KW  - Risk perception
KW  - Public opinion polls
KW  - Surveys
KW  - behavior
KW  - LOCAL ECONOMIES
KW  - nuclear
KW  - perceptions
KW  - Risk
KW  - surveys
N1  - Accession Number: 8114615; Metz, William C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p763; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear fuels; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear accidents; Subject Term: Risk perception; Subject Term: Public opinion polls; Subject Term: Surveys; Author-Supplied Keyword: behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: LOCAL ECONOMIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear; Author-Supplied Keyword: perceptions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: surveys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hunter, Regina L.
AU  - Layton, David W.
AU  - Anspaugh, Lynn R.
T1  - Opportunities and Impediments for Risk-Based Standards: Some Views from a Workshop.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 863
EP  - 868
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Techniques for performing scientific risk assessments for a wide variety of chemical and radiological hazards present in the environment and workplace are available. Speakers at a workshop sponsored by the Environmental and Public/Occupational Health Standard's Steering Group addressed both the state-of-the-art in risk assessment and areas of difficulty that require further research. The Steering Group concluded that within the limits of the available data, risk-assessment techniques are a useful tool in decision-making. In the past, many government agencies have not been effective either in listening to public concerns or in communicating technical or scientific information about risks. This has been true at all levels of government. Workshop speakers discussed some ways that government agencies can more effectively communicate with the public. The Steering Group concluded that major efforts must be made to ensure that two-way communication takes place. Thus the results of the workshop show that effective management of risk requires both a scientific assessment of risk and a responsive consideration of the public's perception of risk. Intensive efforts must be made to ensure that effective two-way communication takes place between members of the public and the appropriate government agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental risk assessment
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Environmental remediation
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Workshops (Adult education)
KW  - cleanup
KW  - Communication need, two-way
KW  - Department of Energy
KW  - Pollution remediation
KW  - risk
KW  - Risk assessment and management
KW  - Risk-based standards
KW  - Standard, risk-based
KW  - US Department of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 8114611; Hunter, Regina L. 1; Layton, David W. 2; Anspaugh, Lynn R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p863; Thesaurus Term: Environmental risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Hazards; Thesaurus Term: Environmental remediation; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Workshops (Adult education); Author-Supplied Keyword: cleanup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Communication need, two-way; Author-Supplied Keyword: Department of Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollution remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment and management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk-based standards; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standard, risk-based; Author-Supplied Keyword: US Department of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Oncogene and Transgenics Correlates of Cancer Risk Assessments (NATO ASI Series, Series A: Life Sciences Vol. 232).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 869
EP  - 869
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Oncogene and Transgenics Correlates of Cancer Risk Assessments," edited by Constantine Zervos.
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Zervos, Constantine
KW  - Oncogene & Transgenics Correlates of Cancer Risk Assessments (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17479996; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p869; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Oncogene & Transgenics Correlates of Cancer Risk Assessments (Book); People: Zervos, Constantine; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - SPSS/PC+ Made Simple.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 869
EP  - 869
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "SPSS/PC+ Made Simple," by Paul R. Kinnear and Colin D. Gray.
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Kinnear, Paul R.
KW  - Gray, Colin D.
KW  - Spss/pc+ Made Simple (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480000; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p869; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Spss/pc+ Made Simple (Book); People: Kinnear, Paul R.; People: Gray, Colin D.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Risk: Analysis, Perception and Management (Report of a Royal Society Study Group).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 870
EP  - 870
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Risk: Analysis, Perception and Management."
KW  - Risk
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Risk: Analysis, Perception & Management (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480006; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p870; Subject Term: Risk; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Risk: Analysis, Perception & Management (Book); Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=17480006&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Floodplain Management in the United States: An Assessment Report (2 vol.).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 870
EP  - 870
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Floodplain Management in the United States: An Assessment Report," 2 volumes.
KW  - Floodplain management
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Floodplain Management in the United States: An Assessment Report (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480010; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p870; Thesaurus Term: Floodplain management; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Floodplain Management in the United States: An Assessment Report (Book); Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=17480010&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Paradoxes of Belief and Strategic Rationality (Cambridge Studies in Probability, Induction, and Decision Theory).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 870
EP  - 870
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Paradoxes of Belief and Strategic Rationality," by Robert C. Koons.
KW  - Decision theory
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Koons, Robert C.
KW  - Paradoxes of Belief & Strategic Rationality (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480012; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p870; Subject Term: Decision theory; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Paradoxes of Belief & Strategic Rationality (Book); People: Koons, Robert C.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=17480012&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - The Chemistry of Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Composition and Measurement.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 870
EP  - 871
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "The Chemistry of Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Composition and Measurement," by M. R. Guerin, R. A. Jenkins and B. A. Tomkins.
KW  - Tobacco smoke pollution
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Guerin, M. R.
KW  - Jenkins, R. A.
KW  - Tomkins, B. A.
KW  - Chemistry of Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Composition & Measurement, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480018; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p870; Thesaurus Term: Tobacco smoke pollution; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Chemistry of Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Composition & Measurement, The (Book); People: Guerin, M. R.; People: Jenkins, R. A.; People: Tomkins, B. A.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Risk-Taking Behavior (Wiley Series in Human Performance and Cognition).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 871
EP  - 871
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Risk-Taking Behavior: Wiley Series in Human Performance and Cognition," edited by J. Frank Yates.
KW  - Risk-taking (Psychology)
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Yates, J. Frank
KW  - Risk-Taking Behavior: Wiley Series in Human Performance & Cognition (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480022; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p871; Subject Term: Risk-taking (Psychology); Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Risk-Taking Behavior: Wiley Series in Human Performance & Cognition (Book); People: Yates, J. Frank; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Robin K.
T1  - Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 871
EP  - 871
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis," by Elisa T. Lee.
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Lee, Elisa T.
KW  - Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480029; White, Robin K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6492; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p871; Thesaurus Term: Data analysis; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis (Book); People: Lee, Elisa T.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, Paul D.
T1  - SmartRISK 1.0: Risk Assessment Software for Windows.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
EP  - 873
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the SmartRISK 1.0: Risk Assessment Software for Windows.
KW  - Computer systems
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Risk assessment -- Software
KW  - Operating systems (Computers)
KW  - Risk
N1  - Accession Number: 17480046; Moskowitz, Paul D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Software Editor, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p873; Thesaurus Term: Computer systems; Subject Term: Computer software; Subject Term: Risk assessment -- Software; Subject Term: Operating systems (Computers); Subject Term: Risk; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, Paul D.
T1  - RAMASIgis: Linking Landscape Data with Population Viability Analysis.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
EP  - 874
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the software RAMAS/GIS: Linking Landscape Data With Population Viability Analysis.
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Computer systems
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Population viability analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 17480055; Moskowitz, Paul D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Software Editor, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p873; Thesaurus Term: Geographic information systems; Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Computer systems; Subject Term: Computer software; Subject Term: Population viability analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, Paul D.
T1  - CAST.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 874
EP  - 874
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the software Cluster Analysis in Space and Time, which is designed for public health analysts and epidemiologists who need to respond to alleged clusters of disease.
KW  - Public health
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Diseases
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Cluster analysis (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 17480058; Moskowitz, Paul D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Software Editor, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Issue Info: Oct94, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p874; Thesaurus Term: Public health; Thesaurus Term: Epidemiology; Thesaurus Term: Diseases; Subject Term: Computer software; Subject Term: Cluster analysis (Statistics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teller, Edward
T1  - Who's Afraid of Science? And why?
JO  - National Review
JF  - National Review
Y1  - 1994/10/10/
VL  - 46
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
EP  - 72
PB  - National Review Inc.
SN  - 00280038
AB  - This article presents information on the myths related to science and the works of some scientists in the U.S. The author recalls the experience of working closely with two of the greatest American women scientists. Maria Goeppert Mayer and Dixy Lee Ray. Maria Groeppert was among the best students in the period of German science. The author got to know her when she returned to working in physics in Baltimore after her children started school. During the war years, she and her students helped to develop some of the theories that were eventually used in building the hydrogen bomb. Dixy Lee Ray was an outstanding marine biologist, a remarkable administrator as head of the Atomic Energy Commission, a successful politician as governor of Washington State, and author of the important books 'Trashing the Planet" and "Environmental Overkill."
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - EDUCATION
KW  - BOOKS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - MAYER, Maria Goeppert, 1906-1972
KW  - RAY, Dixy Lee
N1  - Accession Number: 9410287580; Teller, Edward 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Senior Research Fellow, Hoover Institution, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California.  2: Director Emeritus, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California.; Source Info: 10/10/1994, Vol. 46 Issue 19, p72; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: EDUCATION; Subject Term: BOOKS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451211 Book Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923110 Administration of Education Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611710 Educational Support Services; People: MAYER, Maria Goeppert, 1906-1972; People: RAY, Dixy Lee; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 873
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9410287580&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laursen, T. A.
AU  - Govindjee, S.
T1  - A NOTE ON THE TREATMENT OF FRICTIONLESS CONTACT BETWEEN NON-SMOOTH SURFACES IN FULLY NON-LINEAR PROBLEMS.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1994/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 869
EP  - 878
SN  - 10698299
AB  - An approach is presented for the formulation of the unilateral contact constraint in the presence of contact surface discontinuities. Such discontinuities may be due to physical corners on the surfaces of contacting bodies, or may be introduced by a discretization process (e.g. finite elements). It is asserted that a strong analogy exists between this problem and the one describing inelastic evolution in the presence of a discontinuous yield surface. This analogy is exploited to produce an effective treatment of the frictionless corner problem, complete with an effective augmented Lagrangian implementation for accurate constraint enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - SURFACES (Geometry)
KW  - DISCONTINUOUS functions
KW  - LAGRANGIAN functions
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ANALOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12748598; Laursen, T. A. 1 Govindjee, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27706, U.S.A.  2: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov94, Vol. 10 Issue 11, p869; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: SURFACES (Geometry); Subject Term: DISCONTINUOUS functions; Subject Term: LAGRANGIAN functions; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ANALOGY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kropp, Joachim
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Weyenberg, Andreas
AU  - McPherson, Dan
AU  - Ambrose, Kathleen
AU  - Callahan, Alvin
AU  - Bergmann, Klaus
AU  - Biersack, Hans-Jürgen
T1  - Evaluation of pancreatic lipase activity by simple urine analysis after oral administration of a new iodine-131-labeled triglyceride.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1227
EP  - 1230
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146319; Kropp, Joachim 1 Knapp, F. 2 Weyenberg, Andreas 3 McPherson, Dan 2 Ambrose, Kathleen 2 Callahan, Alvin 2 Bergmann, Klaus 4 Biersack, Hans-Jürgen 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden Germany  2: Nuclear Medicine Group Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge USA  3: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn Germany  4: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn Germany; Source Info: Nov1994, Vol. 21 Issue 11, p1227; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00182358
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amthor, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Mitchell, Robert J.
AU  - Runion, G. Brett
AU  - Rogers, Hugo H.
AU  - Prior, Stephen A.
AU  - Wood, C. Wesley
T1  - Energy content, construction cost and phytomass accumulation of <em>Glycine max</em> (L.) Merr. and <em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (L.) Moench grown in elevated CO2 in the field.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1994/11//
VL  - 128
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
EP  - 450
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Grain sorghum [<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (L.) Moench, a C4 crop] and soybean [<em>Glycine max</em> (L.) Merr. cv. Stonewall, a C3 crop] plants were grown in ambient (<em>c</em>. 360 μl l-1) and twice-ambient (<em>c</em>. 720 μl l-1) CO2 levels in open-top chambers in soil without root constriction. Plant dry mass, energy content, composition and construction cost (i. e. amount of carbohydrate required to synthesize a unit plant dry mass) were assessed at the end of the growing season. Elevated CO2 (a) increased phytomass accumulation (kg per plant) in both species, (b) had little affect on energy concentration (MJ kg-1 plant) but caused large increases in the amount of plant energy per ground area (MJ m-2 ground), and (c) did not alter specific growth cost (kg carbohydrate kg-1 plant growth) but greatly increased growth cost per ground area (kg carbohydrate m-2 ground) because growth was enhanced. For soybean, twice-ambient CO2 resulted in a 50% increase in the amount of nitrogen and energy in grain (seed plus pod) per ground area. This response to elevated CO2 has important implications for agricultural productivity during the next century because the rate of human population growth is exceeding the rate of increase of land used for agriculture so that future food demands can only be met by greater production per ground area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT-soil relationships
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - SORGHUM
KW  - CARBOHYDRATES
KW  - AGRICULTURAL productivity
KW  - <em>Glycine max</em> (soybean)
KW  - <em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (grain sorghum)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - construction cost
KW  - energy content
N1  - Accession Number: 12696493; Amthor, Jeffrey S. 1 Mitchell, Robert J. 2 Runion, G. Brett 3 Rogers, Hugo H. 3 Prior, Stephen A. 3 Wood, C. Wesley 4; Affiliation:  1: Health and Ecological Assessment Division and Global Climate Research Division, L-256, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550-9900, USA.  2: Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, PO Box 2324, Newton, Georgia 31770, USA.  3: National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, USDA-ARS, PO Box 3439, Auburn, Alabama 36831, USA.  4: Department of Agronomy and Soils, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA.; Source Info: Nov94, Vol. 128 Issue 3, p443; Subject Term: PLANT-soil relationships; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: SORGHUM; Subject Term: CARBOHYDRATES; Subject Term: AGRICULTURAL productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Glycine max</em> (soybean); Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (grain sorghum); Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: construction cost; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy content; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111199 All Other Grain Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Emily
AU  - Cleaver, James E.
AU  - Weber, Christine A.
AU  - Packman, Seymour
AU  - Barkovich, Anthony J.
AU  - Koch, Thomas K.
AU  - Williams, Mary L.
AU  - Golabi, Mahin
AU  - Price, Vera H.
T1  - Trichothiodystrophy: Clinical Spectrum, Central Nervous System Imaging, and Biochemical Characterization of Two Siblings.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1994/11/15/Nov94 Supplement
VL  - 103
M3  - Article
SP  - 154S
EP  - 158S
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Trichothiodystrophy (TTD), an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sulfur-deficient brittle hair, identifies a group of genetic disorders with an altered synthesis of high-sulfur matrix proteins and a defect in excision repair of ultraviolet damage in fibroblasts of most TTD patients. In contrast to patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), TTD patients do not have an increased frequency of skin cancers. TTD patients may be grouped into four categories: 1) those without photosensitivity and without a defect in excision repair of UV damage; 2) those without photosensitivity and with an excision-repair defect in the same gene as in XP-D (complementation group D); 3) those with photosensitivity and with the XP-D repair defect; 4) those with photosensitivity and with a repair defect distinct from that in XP-D. We present a brother and sister in the third category of TTD. Clinically, the patients have brittle hair, short stature, ichthyosis, photosensitivity, nail and dental dysplasias, cataracts, mental retardation, and pyramidal tract abnormalities. Diagnosis was made by hair mount, which shows the characteristic banding pattern with polarizing microscopy, and by hair amino acid analysis, which demonstrated decreased high-sulfur matrix proteins. Fibroblasts cultured from skin biopsies had a marked DNA excision repair defect similar to the repair defect seen in XP-D. We have documented a unique dysmyelinating disorder on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain that might explain their mental retardation, marked hyperactivity, and neurologic deficits. Following the discovery that the human excision repair cross complementing rodent ultraviolet group 2 (ERCC2) gene is able to correct the ultraviolet sensitivity of XP-D cell strains, the ERCC2 cDNA from previous TTD patients was sequenced and shows frameshifts, deletions and point mutations in the ERCC2 gene. Molecular analysis of our patients is in progress. Molecular analysis of the defects in ERCC2 in clinically distinct patitnes with XP, XP/ Cockayne's syndrome, and TTD may provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of these genetically related but clinically distinct disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYSTROPHY
KW  - GENETIC disorders
KW  - CENTRAL nervous system
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - SKIN abnormalities
KW  - SKIN -- Cancer
KW  - <em>dysmyelination</em>
KW  - <em>sulfur matrix protein</em>
KW  - <em>xeroderma pigmentosum</em>
N1  - Accession Number: 12399493; Chen, Emily 1 Cleaver, James E. 2 Weber, Christine A. 3 Packman, Seymour 1 Barkovich, Anthony J. 2 Koch, Thomas K. 4 Williams, Mary L. 3,5 Golabi, Mahin 1 Price, Vera H. 3,6; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Pediatrics (Division of Genetics), Laboratory of Radiobiology and Environmental Health, University of California, San Francisco.  2: Departments of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco.  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, California, U.S.A.  4: Departments of Neurology,  University of California, San Francisco.  5: Departments of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco.  6: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov94 Supplement, Vol. 103, p154S; Subject Term: DYSTROPHY; Subject Term: GENETIC disorders; Subject Term: CENTRAL nervous system; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: SKIN abnormalities; Subject Term: SKIN -- Cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>dysmyelination</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>sulfur matrix protein</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>xeroderma pigmentosum</em>; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12399493
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diaz, Asunción
AU  - Lacks, Sanford A.
AU  - López, Paloma
T1  - Multiple roles for DNA polymerase I in establishme and replication of the promiscuous plasmid pLS1.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 1994/11/15/
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 773
EP  - 783
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - The polymerase activity of DNA polymerase I is important for the establishment of the pLS1 replicon by reconstitutive assembly in <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> after uptake of exogenous pLSI plasmid DNA. In polA mutants lacking the polymerase domain, such establishment was reduced at least 10-fold in frequency. Chromosomally facilitated establishment of pLS1-based plasmids carrying DNA homologous to the host chromosome was not so affected. However, both types of plasmid transfer gave mostly small colonies on initial selection, which was indicative of a defect in replication and filling of the plasmid pool. Once established, the pLSI-based plasmids replicated in <em>polA</em> mutants, but they showed segregational instability. This defect was not observed in strains with the wild-type enzyme or in an <em>S. pneumoniae</em> strain that encodes the polymerase and exonuclease domains of the enzyme on separate fragments. The role of DNA polymerase I in stably maintaining the plasmids depends on its polymerizing function in three separate steps of rolling-circle replication, as indicated by the accumulation of different replication intermediate forms in <em>polA</em> mutants. Furthermore, examination of the segregational stability of the pLSI replicon in an <em>Escherichia coli</em> mutant system indicated that both the polymerase and the 5′-to-3′ exonuclease activities of DNA polymerase I function in plasmid replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - Streptococcus pneumoniae
KW  - Plasmids
KW  - Exonucleases
N1  - Accession Number: 16005108; Diaz, Asunción 1; Lacks, Sanford A. 2; López, Paloma 1; Affiliations: 1: Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, C.S.I.C, Velázquez, 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain; 2: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Issue Info: Nov1994, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p773; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia coli; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Subject Term: Plasmids; Subject Term: Exonucleases; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McPherson, D.
AU  - Lambert, C.
AU  - Knapp, F.
T1  - In vivo metabolic studies of the trans-(R,R) isomer of radioiodinated IQNP: A new ligand with high affinity for the M muscarinic-cholinergic receptor.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1994/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1293
EP  - 1297
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146454; McPherson, D. 1 Lambert, C. 1 Knapp, F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Medicine Group, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Building 4501 37831-6229 Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Dec1994, Vol. 21 Issue 12, p1293; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF02426692
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Napolitano, Guillermo E.
T1  - THE RELATIONSHIP OF LIPIDS WITH LIGHT AND CHLOROPHYLL MEASUREMENTS IN FRESHWATER ALGAE AND PERIPHYTON.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1994/12//
VL  - 30
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 943
EP  - 950
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Lipid content and lipid class composition were determined in steam periphyton and the filamentous green algae Cladophora sp. and Spirogyra sp. Sterols and phospholipids were compared to chlorophyll a (chl a) as predictors of biomass for stream periphyton and algae. Chlorophyll a, phospholipids, and sterolswere each highlycorrelated with ash-free dry mass (AFDM) (r[SUP2] > 0.98). Stream periphyton exposed naturally to high light (HL) and low light (LL) had chl a concentrations (μg chl a mg[SUP-1] AFDM) of 7.9 ± 0.7 and 12.4 ± 2.9, respectively, while the sterol concentrations of these HL and LL stream periphyton (1.6 ± 0.4) were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Periphyton exposed to an irradiance of 300 μmol photons · m[SUP-2] s[SUP-1] in the laboratory for 60 h had 5.6 ± 0.55 μg chl a mg[SUP-1] AFDM, but the same periphyton exposed to 2% incident light for the same amount of time had 11.0 ± 0.56 μg chl a mg[SUP-1] AFDM. Sterol concentrations in these periphyton communities remained unchanged (1.5 ± 0.3 μg &midot; mg[SUP-1] AFDM). Similar results (i.e. changes in chl a but stability of sterol concentrations in response to irradiance changes) were also found for Cladophora and Spirogyra in laboratory experiments. Sterols can be quantified rapidly from a few milligrams of algae and appear to be a useful predictor of eukaryole biomass, whereas cellular levels of chl a vary substantially with light conditions. Phospholipids (or phospholipid fatty acids) are considered to be a reliable measure of viable microbial biomass. Nevertheless, phospholipid content varied substantially and unpredictably among algae and periphyton under different light regimes. Irradiance also had a significant effect storage lipids: HL Cladophora and HL periphyton had 2 × and 5 × greater concentrations of triacylglycerols, respectively, compared to their LL forms. HL and LL algae also differed in the concentration of several major fatty acids. These light-induced changes in algal lipids and fatty acids have important implications for grazers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Green algae
KW  - Spirogyra
KW  - Periphyton
KW  - Cladophora
KW  - Chlorophyta
KW  - fatty acids
KW  - lipids
KW  - periphyton
KW  - sterols
N1  - Accession Number: 10989807; Napolitano, Guillermo E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6351.; Issue Info: Dec94, Vol. 30 Issue 6, p943; Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Thesaurus Term: Green algae; Thesaurus Term: Spirogyra; Thesaurus Term: Periphyton; Subject Term: Cladophora; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorophyta; Author-Supplied Keyword: fatty acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: lipids; Author-Supplied Keyword: periphyton; Author-Supplied Keyword: sterols; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep10989807
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacKinnon, R. J.
AU  - Sullivan, T. M.
T1  - A Review of GWSCREEN Version 2.0, with an Emphasis on Physical and Chemical Processes Important to Ground Water Pathway Assessments.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1994/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1109
EP  - 1121
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the risk assessment computer software GWSCREEN, version 2.0 from EG&G Inc.
KW  - Environmental risk assessment
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Computer software
KW  - EG & G Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 17481093; MacKinnon, R. J. 1; Sullivan, T. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973; Issue Info: Dec94, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1109; Thesaurus Term: Environmental risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Subject Term: Computer software ; Company/Entity: EG & G Inc. DUNS Number: 030192541; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tschaplinski, T. J.
AU  - Stewart, D. B.
AU  - Hanson, P. J.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
T1  - Interactions between drought and elevated CO2 on growth and gas exchange of seedlings of three deciduous tree species.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1995/01//
VL  - 129
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 71
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Interactions between elevated atmospheric CO2 and drought on growth and gas exchange of American sycamore (<em>Platanus occidentalis</em> L.), sweetgum (<em>Liquidambar styraciflua</em> L.) and sugar maple (<em>Acer saccharum</em> Marsh.) were investigated using 1-yr-old seedlings, planted in 81 pots and grown in four open-top chambers, containing either ambient air or ambient air enriched with 300 μmol mol-1 CO2. Two soil moisture regimes were included within each chamber: a 'well-watered' treatment with plants watered daily and a 'drought' treatment in which plants were subjected to a series of drought cycles. Duration and depth of the drought cycles were determined by soil matric potential. Mean soil water potential at rewatering for the water-stressed seedlings under ambient CO2 for sugar maple, sweetgum and sycamore was -0.5, -0.7 and -1.8 MPa, respectively, compared with > -0.1 MPa for all well-watered plants. Elevated CO2 increased relative growth rate of well-watered sugar maple by 181%, resulting in a 4.3-fold increase in total plant dry weight after 81 d, compared with 1.4 and 1.6-fold increases for sweetgum and sycamore, respectively, after 69 d. Although elevated CO2 increased net CO2 assimilation rate of sugar maple by 115%, there was a 10-fold increase in leaf area which contributed to the growth response. Although drought did not eliminate a growth response of sugar maple to elevated CO2, it greatly reduced the elevated CO2-induced enhancement of relative growth rate. In contrast, relative growth rates of sweetgum and sycamore were not significantly increased by elevated CO2. Drought, under elevated CO2, reduced leaf area of all three species to a greater extent than it reduced net CO2 assimilation rate. The response ranged from no effect in sugar maple to a 40% reduction in sycamore, with swetgum exhibiting an intermediate response. Results indicate that drought may alter the growth response, gas exchange and water relations of tree species growing in an elevated CO2 atmosphere. Under high nutrient and water availability, sugar maple may benefit the most (of the three species studied) from a Co2-enriched atmosphere, but productivity gains will be limited if frequent drought is prevalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS exchange in plants
KW  - DROUGHTS
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - SOIL moisture
KW  - <em>Acer saccharum</em> (sugar maple)
KW  - <em>Liquidambar styraciflua</em> (sweetgum)
KW  - <em>Plantanus occidentalis</em> (American sycamore)
KW  - drought.
KW  - elevated CO2
KW  - gas exchange
KW  - growth
N1  - Accession Number: 12676549; Tschaplinski, T. J. 1 Stewart, D. B. 2 Hanson, P. J. 1 Norby, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA.  2: Department of Plant Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.; Source Info: Jan1995, Vol. 129 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: GAS exchange in plants; Subject Term: DROUGHTS; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Subject Term: SOIL moisture; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Acer saccharum</em> (sugar maple); Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Liquidambar styraciflua</em> (sweetgum); Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Plantanus occidentalis</em> (American sycamore); Author-Supplied Keyword: drought.; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullsehleger, Stan D.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
T1  - Growth and maintenance respiration in stems of <em>Quercus alba</em> after four years of CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 1995/01//
VL  - 93
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 54
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Atmospheric CO2 enrichment is increasingly being reported to inhibit leaf and whole-plant respiration. It is not known, however, whether this response is unique to foliage or whether woody-tissue respiration might be affected as well. This was examined for mid-canopy stem segments of white aok (<em>Quercus alba</em> L.) trees that had been grown in open-top field chambers and exposed to either embient or ambient + 300 μmol mol-1 CO2 over a 4-year period. Stem respiration measurements were made throughout 1992 by using an infrared gas analyzer and a specially designed in situ cuvette. Rates of woody-tissue respiration were similar between CO2 treatments prior to leaf initiation and after leaf senescence, but were several fold greater for saplings grown at elevated concentrations of CO2 during much of the growing season. These effects were most evident on 7 July when stem respiration rates for trees exposed to elevated CO2 concentrations were 7.25 compared to 3.44 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 for ambient-grown saplings. While other explanations must be explored, greater rates of stem respiration for saplings grown at elevated CO2 concentrations were consistent with greater rates of stem growth and more stem-wood volume present at the time of measurement. When rates of stem growth were at their maximum (7 July to 3 August), growth respiration accounted for about 80 to 85% of the total respiratory costs of stems at both CO2 treatments, while 15 to 20% supported the costs of stem-wood maintenance. Integrating growth and maintenance respiration throughout the season, taking into account treatment differences in stem growth and volume, indicated that there were no significant effects of elevated CO2 concentration on either respiratory process. Quantitative estimates that could be used in modeling the costs of woody-tissue growth and maintenance respiration are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - RESPIRATION
KW  - PLANT stems
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - TISSUES
KW  - TREES
KW  - <em>Quercus alba</em> respiration
KW  - CO2 enrichment
KW  - global change
KW  - white oak
KW  - woody-tissue respiration.
N1  - Accession Number: 12732518; Wullsehleger, Stan D. Norby, Richard J. 1 Hanson, Paul J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA.; Source Info: Jan1995, Vol. 93 Issue 1, p47; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: RESPIRATION; Subject Term: PLANT stems; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: TISSUES; Subject Term: TREES; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Quercus alba</em> respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: woody-tissue respiration.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1399-3054.ep12732518
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider, J. C.
AU  - Nielsen, E.
AU  - Somerville, C.
T1  - A chilling-sensitive mutant of Arabidopsis is deficient in chloroplast protein accumulation at low temperature.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1995/01//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 31
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Mutations at the <em>chs1</em> locus in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> (L.) confer a chilling-sensitive phenotype in which plants become chlorotic and die after more than 3 d of exposure to temperatures in the range of 18 to 10 °C. Within 8h after transfer of mutant plants from growth at 23 to 13 °C, accumulation of the newly synthesized chloroplast-localized polypeptides stearoyl-ACP desaturase, glutamine synthetase and OEC 23 was severely impaired. By contrast, there was no apparent deleterious effect on the accumulation of two extrachloroplastic proteins examined: the elongation factor 1&alfpa;, and the phloem-specific, extra-chloroplastic isoform of glutamine synthetase. In one instance examined in detail, chilling did not decrease the accumulation of mRNA for stearoy1-ACP desaturase, indicating that the effect was post-transcriptional. Chloroplasts isolated from chilled wild-type and <em>chs1</em> plants were equally able to process and protect from protease digestion <em>in vitro</em> synthesized pre-plastocyanin. The results suggest that the <em>chs1</em> mutant may be defective in some aspect of chloroplast protein accumulation at low temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Effect of temperature on plants
KW  - Arabidopsis thaliana
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Chloroplasts
KW  - Low temperatures
KW  - <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>
KW  - Arabidopsisthaliona
KW  - chilling sensitivity
KW  - Chloroplast
KW  - chloroplast protein.
KW  - Protein accumulation
KW  - Temperature effect, low
N1  - Accession Number: 8115663; Schneider, J. C. 1; Nielsen, E. 2; Somerville, C. 3; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA.; 2: MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1213, USA.; 3: Carnegie Institution, 290 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 943205, USA.; Issue Info: Jan1995, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p23; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Effect of temperature on plants; Subject Term: Arabidopsis thaliana; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Chloroplasts; Subject Term: Low temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arabidopsisthaliona; Author-Supplied Keyword: chilling sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloroplast; Author-Supplied Keyword: chloroplast protein.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature effect, low; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep8115663
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrill, W. Andrew
T1  - Nuclear Nonproliferation: A Primer (Book).
JO  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
JF  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
Y1  - 1995/01//Jan-Mar95
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 76
EP  - 77
SN  - 1057610X
AB  - Reviews the book "Nuclear Nonproliferation: A Primer," by Gary Gardner.
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GARDNER, Gary
KW  - NUCLEAR Nonproliferation: A Primer (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9508223590; Terrill, W. Andrew 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94551.; Source Info: Jan-Mar95, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p76; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NUCLEAR Nonproliferation: A Primer (Book); People: GARDNER, Gary; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Behrenfeld, Michael J.
AU  - Lean, David R. S.
AU  - Lee II, Henry
T1  - ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION EFFECTS ON INORGANIC NITROGEN UPTAKE BY NATURAL ASSEMBLAGES OF OCEANIC PLANKTON.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1995/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 36
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR: 290-320 nm) inhibited ammonium uptake (P[SUBnh[SUB4]]) and nitrate uptake (P[SUBno[SUB3]]) in natural plankton assemblages collected during a transect from 37° N to 55°n in the Pacific Ocean. Comparison of responses in P[SUBnh[SUB4]] to ambient solar-and lamp-enhanced UVBR spectra allowed calculation of an action spectrum for P[SUBnh[SUB4]] inhibition. The slope of the action spectrum for P[SUBnh[SUB4]] is half as steep as action spectra for UVBR inhibition of photosynthetic carbon uptake. Consequently, UVBR-induced photo inhibition of P[SUBnh[SUB4]] extends to greater depths than inhibition of carbon fixation due to the greater relative effect of longer UVBR wavelengths, Inhibition of P[SUBnh[SUB4]] was dependent upon UVBR dose when doses were weighted by the P[SUBnh[SUB4]] action spectrum. Dependence of UVBR inhibition of P[SUBnh[SUB4]] on dose rate was not apparent. We found that near-surface P[SUBnh[SUB4]] and P[SUBno[SUB3]] can be overestimated in excess of 50% when measured using standard incubation vessels made of UVBR-absorbing materials such as polycarbonate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plankton -- Population biology
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Ammonium
KW  - Marine plankton
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Action spectra
KW  - dose-response
KW  - nitrogen uptake
KW  - plankton
KW  - ultraviolet-B radiation.
N1  - Accession Number: 11070391; Behrenfeld, Michael J. 1; Lean, David R. S. 2; Lee II, Henry 3; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Applied Sciences, Building 318, Upton, New York 11973-5000.; 2: National Water Research institute P. O. Box 5050, Burlington, Ontario, Canada L7R 4A6.; 3: U.S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory, NewPort, Oregon 97365.; Issue Info: Feb95, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p25; Thesaurus Term: Plankton -- Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Ammonium; Thesaurus Term: Marine plankton; Thesaurus Term: Ocean; Author-Supplied Keyword: Action spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose-response; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen uptake; Author-Supplied Keyword: plankton; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultraviolet-B radiation.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11070391
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Wachter, E. A.
AU  - Sharp, S. L.
AU  - Warmack, R. J.
T1  - Detection of mercury vapor using resonating microcantilevers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1995/03/27/
VL  - 66
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1695
EP  - 1697
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Oscillating silicon nitride microcantilevers coated with a thin gold film have been used to detect mercury vapor in air. Cantilever resonance frequency changes due to surface mass loading as a result of adsorption of mercury vapor. Furthermore, cantilever bending is also altered due to changes in surface stress induced by mercury adsorption on the gold overlayer. Both of these phenomena can be used to quantitatively detect adsorbed vapors with picogram mass resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 116525499; Thundat, T. 1 Wachter, E. A. 1 Sharp, S. L. 1 Warmack, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6123; Source Info: 3/27/1995, Vol. 66 Issue 13, p1695; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.113896
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Kropp, J.
T1  - Iodine-123-labelled fatty acids for myocardial single-photon emission tomography: current status and future perspectives.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1995/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 381
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154540; Knapp, F. 1 Kropp, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Medicine Group, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), 37831-6229 Oak Ridge USA  2: Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin des Universitätsklinikums der Technischen Universität, Fetscher Strasse 74 D-01307 Dresden Germany; Source Info: Apr1995, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p361; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00941855
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - pacold, Michael E.
AU  - Anderson, Louise E.
AU  - Li, Dong
AU  - Stevens, Fred J.
T1  - REDOX SENSITIVITY AND LIGHT MODULATION OF ENZYME ACTIVITY IN THE RHODOPHYTES <em>GRACILARIA TIKVAHIAE</em> AND <em>CHONDRUS CRISPUS</em>.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1995/04//
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 301
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - One of the cysteine residues believed to be necessary for reductive light activation is lacking in the only red algalNADP-linked glyceraldehydes-3-P dehydrogenase for which sequences are available, namely Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss and Chondrus crispus Stackhouse. Consistent with the mechanism of light modulation proposed for this enzyme, which involves reductin of domain movement-restricting disulfide bonds, it is not reductively activated in Chondrus crispus extracts, and it is not light-activated in whole cells or dithiothreitol (DTT) activated in extracts of the North American species Graci-glucose-6-P dehydrogenase, two enzymes for which sequence information from these algae is not yet available are both activated in crude extracts by DTT treatment, but only fructosebisphosphatase is light-activated in intact Gracilaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chondrus crispus
KW  - Phosphatases
KW  - Red algae
KW  - Gracilaria
KW  - Dehydrogenases
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - enzyme activity
KW  - fructosebisphosphatase
KW  - glyceraldehydes-3-P dehydrogenase
KW  - Gracilaria tikvahiae
KW  - light activation
KW  - redox-sensitive eysteines
KW  - Rhodophyta
N1  - Accession Number: 11036498; pacold, Michael E. 1; Anderson, Louise E. 1; Li, Dong 1; Stevens, Fred J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7060.; 2: Center for  mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue Avenue, Illinois 60439-4833.; Issue Info: Apr95, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p297; Thesaurus Term: Chondrus crispus; Thesaurus Term: Phosphatases; Thesaurus Term: Red algae; Thesaurus Term: Gracilaria; Subject Term: Dehydrogenases; Subject Term: Enzymes; Author-Supplied Keyword: enzyme activity; Author-Supplied Keyword: fructosebisphosphatase; Author-Supplied Keyword: glyceraldehydes-3-P dehydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gracilaria tikvahiae; Author-Supplied Keyword: light activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: redox-sensitive eysteines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodophyta; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11036498
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suter II, Glenn W.
AU  - Cornaby, Barney W.
AU  - Hadden, Charles T.
AU  - Hull, Ruth N.
AU  - Stack, Mark
AU  - Zafran, Fred A.
T1  - An Approach for Balancing Health and Ecological Risks at Hazardous Waste Sites.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 231
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Human health and ecological risks must be balanced at hazardous waste sites in order to ensure that remedial actions prevent unacceptable risks of either type. Actions that are designed to protect humans may fail to protect nonhuman populations and ecosystems or may damage ecosystems. However, there is no common scale of health and ecological risk that would allow comparisons to be performed. This paper presents an approach to addressing this problem based on classifying all risks (i.e., health and ecological risks due contaminants and remediation) as insignificant (de minimis), highly significant (de manifestis), or intermediate. For health risks the classification is based on standard criteria. However, in the absence of national guidance concerning the acceptability of ecological risks, new ecological criteria are proposed based on an analysis of regulatory precedents. Matrices and flow charts are presented to guide the use of these risk categories in remedial decision making. The assessment of mercury contamination of the East Fork Poplar Creek is presented as an example of the implementation of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Hazardous waste sites
KW  - Graphic methods
KW  - balancing
KW  - de manifestis
KW  - De minimis
KW  - ecological risk
KW  - hazardous waste
KW  - human health risk
N1  - Accession Number: 11949304; Suter II, Glenn W. 1; Cornaby, Barney W. 2; Hadden, Charles T. 2; Hull, Ruth N. 1; Stack, Mark 3; Zafran, Fred A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; 2: Science Applications International Corporation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee and McLean, Virginia.; 3: Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Apr95, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p221; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous waste sites; Subject Term: Graphic methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: balancing; Author-Supplied Keyword: de manifestis; Author-Supplied Keyword: De minimis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: hazardous waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: human health risk; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MARGOLIS, STEPHEN B.
AU  - WILLIAMS, FORMAN A.
T1  - Influence of Porosity and Two-Phase Flow on Diffusional/Thermal Instability of a Deflagrating Energetic Material.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1995/04/02/
VL  - 106
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 68
SN  - 00102202
AB  - The combustion of condensed materials is known to admit diffusional/thermal instabilities that can lead to various oscillatory modes of burning. In the present work, asymptotic analyses are developed for nonsteady multiphase deflagration of porous energetic solids, such as degraded nitramine propellants, that experience significant gas flow in the solid preheat region and are characterized by the presence of exothermic reactions in a bubbling melt layer at their surfaces. Relative motion between the gas and condensed phases is taken into account in both regions, and the derived asymptotic model is analyzed to obtain an explicit solution for steady, planar deflagration and a dispersion relation describing its linear stability. The latter determines a pulsating neutral stability boundary in the nondimensional activation energy-disturbance wavenumber plane beyond which nonsteady. nonplanar solutions are anticipated. Focusing on the realistic limit of small ratios of gas-phase to condensed-phase density and thermal conductivity, it is shown that the effect of a nonzero porosity a, of the unburned solid material is generally destabilizing, by an.amount proportional to αs(l − αs)−1. relative to the nonporous case. This effect arises both from the lower combustion temperature of the porous energetic material and from the gas-phase diffusion of heat from the reaction zone towards the porous preheat region. These results therefore suggest that degraded propellants. which exhibit greater porosity than their undamaged counterparts, may be especially prone to nonsteady deflagration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75865559; MARGOLIS, STEPHEN B. 1; WILLIAMS, FORMAN A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, 94551-0969; 2: Department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093-0310; Issue Info: Jan1995, Vol. 106 Issue 1-3, p41; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102209508907766
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Thomas C.
AU  - Peterson, George L.
AU  - Tonn, Bruce E.
T1  - The values jury to aid natural resource decisions.
JO  - Land Economics
JF  - Land Economics
Y1  - 1995/05//
VL  - 71
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 250
PB  - University of Wisconsin Press
SN  - 00237639
AB  - Congressional legislation emphasizes that public resource allocation should reflect the values citizens assign to those resources. Yet, information about assigned values and preferences of members of the public, including economic measures of value, required by decision makers is often incomplete or unavailable. Existing sources of information about the public's values, for use in resource allocation decisions and damage assessment, include existing markets, public surveys, and public involvement. Each of these sources has serious limitations. Although markets are valuable sources of economic values for goods traded in those markets or for nonmarket goods whose use relies on consumption of goods traded in established markets, the values of some public goods are not available from market information. The benefits of some public goods are external to market transactions and financial accounts, though they often concern legally defined, but unprotectable rights.
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Public goods
KW  - Business enterprises -- Valuation
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Consumption (Economics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9505094121; Brown, Thomas C. 1; Peterson, George L. 1; Tonn, Bruce E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.; Issue Info: May95, Vol. 71 Issue 2, p250; Subject Term: Resource allocation; Subject Term: Public goods; Subject Term: Business enterprises -- Valuation; Subject Term: Legislation; Subject Term: Decision making; Subject Term: Consumption (Economics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Shyh-Jen
AU  - Lin, Wan-Yu
AU  - Hsieh, Bor-Tsung
AU  - Shen, Lie-Hang
AU  - Tsai, Zei-Tsan
AU  - Tinge, Gann
AU  - Knapp, Furn
T1  - Rhenium-188 sulphur colloid as a radiation synovectomy agent.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1995/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 505
EP  - 507
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71146715; Wang, Shyh-Jen Lin, Wan-Yu 1 Hsieh, Bor-Tsung 2 Shen, Lie-Hang 2 Tsai, Zei-Tsan 2 Tinge, Gann 2 Knapp, Furn 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 160, Sec. 3, Taichung Harbor Road 407 Taichung Taiwan  2: Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taiwan  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jun1995, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p505; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF00817272
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - Ironing out what controls primary production in the nutrient rich waters of the open ocean.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1995/06//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 163
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - This article discusses the phenomenon of the high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) found in subtropical and tropical oceans, where solar radiation is perennially abundant, the concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphate and fixed inorganic nitrogen are vanishingly low. The HNLC phenomenon, first noted by physical and chemical oceanographers is anomalous and its cause has puzzled oceanographers for decades. Two basis hypotheses have been advanced to account for HNLC conditions. The top down hypothesis proposes that the biomass of the phytoplankton is regulated by zooplankton grazing, such that the photoautotrophs never escape from the grazing pressure imposed by the herbivores to form blooms that would lead to nutrient depletion. The alternative hypothesis is the bottom up control, in which phytoplankton growth and/or biomass is limited by the availability of some resource, such as light, or an essential nutrient other than phosphate and fixed inorganic nitrogen. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the late John Martin suggested that soluble iron was limiting phytoplankton biomass in all three HNLC regions. The iron limitation hypothesis embodied the essence of bottom up control of phytoplankton biomass and was met with great deal of skepticism by biological oceanographers. In October 1993, an 8 by 8 kilometer patch of HNLC water west of the Galapagos Islands was enriched with a 0.5 m solution of Iron (II). The results of the experiment demonstrated conclusively that the quantum yield of photosynthesis was physiologically limited by iron. In May-June 1995 a second iron enrichment study was conducted. In the second experiment, the results were dramatic and unambiguous. A major phytoplankton bloom developed in the patch.  This pair of iron enrichment studies have made historical precedents in the field of oceanography and helped solved the phenomenon.
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Phosphates
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Iron
KW  - Oceanography
N1  - Accession Number: 17771125; Falkowski, Paul G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Jun1995, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p161; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Phosphates; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Ocean; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, Kenneth T.
T1  - Methods to Approximate Joint Uncertainty and Variability in Risk.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 419
SN  - 02724332
AB  - As interest in quantitative analysis of joint uncertainty and interindividual variability (JUV) in risk grows, so does the need for related computational shortcuts. To quantify JUV in risk, Monte Carlo methods typically require nested sampling of JUV in distributed inputs, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Two approximation methods proposed here allow simpler and more rapid analysis. The first consists of new upper-bound JUV estimators that involve only uncertainty or variability, not both, and so never require nested sampling to calculate. The second is a discrete-probability-calculus procedure that uses only the mean and one upper-tail mean for each input in order to estimate mean and upper-bound risk, which procedure is simpler and more intuitive than similar ones in use. Application of these methods is illustrated in an assessment of cancer risk from residential exposures to chloroform in Kanawah Valley, West Virginia. Because each of the multiple exposure pathways considered in this assessment had separate modeled sources of uncertainty and variability, the assessment illustrates a realistic case where a standard Monte Carlo approach to JUV analysis requires nested sampling. In the illustration, the first proposed method quantified JUV in cancer risk much more efficiently than corresponding nested Monte Carlo calculations. The second proposed method also nearly duplicated JUV-related and other estimates of risk obtained using Monte Carlo methods. Both methods were thus found adequate to obtain basic risk estimates accounting for JUV in a realistically complex risk assessment. These methods make routine JUV analysis more convenient and practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chloroform
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Probability theory
KW  - Sampling (Statistics)
KW  - Risk management in business
KW  - Due diligence
KW  - West Virginia
KW  - United States
KW  - cancer
KW  - discrete
KW  - kanawah valley
KW  - Monte Carlo.
KW  - probability
N1  - Accession Number: 11762711; Bogen, Kenneth T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Health and Ecological Assessment Division  (L-453), Lawrence  Livermore, National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550-9900.; Issue Info: Jun95, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p411; Thesaurus Term: Chloroform; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Cancer; Subject Term: Probability theory; Subject Term: Sampling (Statistics); Subject Term: Risk management in business; Subject Term: Due diligence; Subject: West Virginia; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: discrete; Author-Supplied Keyword: kanawah valley; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo.; Author-Supplied Keyword: probability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amthor, Jeffrey S.
T1  - Terrestrial higher-plant response to increasing atmospheric [CO2] in relation to the global carbon cycle.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1995/08//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 274
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Terrestrial higher plants exchange large amounts of CO2 with the atmosphere each year; c. 15% of the atmospheric pool of C is assimilated in terrestrial-plant photosynthesis each year, with an about equal amount returned to the atmosphere as CO2 in plant respiration and the decomposition of soil organic matter and plant litter. Any global change in plant C metabolism can potentially affect atmospheric CO2 content during the course of years to decades. In particular, plant responses to the presently increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration might influence the rate of atmospheric CO2 increase through various biotic feedbacks. Climatic changes caused by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration may modulate plant and ecosystem responses to CO2 concentration. Climatic changes and increases in pollution associated with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration may be as significant to plant and ecosystem C balance as CO2 concentration itself. Moreover, human activities such as deforestation and livestock grazing can have impacts on the C balance and structure of individual terrestrial ecosystems that far outweigh effects of increasing COT concentration and climatic change. In short-term experiments, which in this case means on the order of 10 years or less, elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration affects terrestrial higher plants in several ways. Elevated CO2 can stimulate photosynthesis, but plants may acclimate and (or) adapt lo a change in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Acclimation and adaptation of photosynthesis lo increasing CO2 concentration is unlikely to be complete, however. Plant water-use efficiency is positively related to CO2 concentration, implying the potential for more plant growth per unit of precipitation or soil moisture with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Plant respiration may be inhibited by elevated CO2 concentration, and although a naive C balance perspective would count this as a benefit to a plant, because respiration is essential for plant growth and health, an inhibition of respiration can be detrimental. The net effect on terrestrial plants of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration is generally an increase in growth and C accumulation in phytomass. Published estimations, and speculations about, the magnitude of global terrestrial-plant growth responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration range from negligible to fantastic. Well-reasoned analyses point to moderate global plant responses to CO2 concentration. Transfer of C from plants to soils is likely to increase with elevated CO2 concentrations because of greater plant growth, but quantitative effects of those increased inputs to soils on soil C pool sizes are unknown. Whether increases in leaf-level photosynthesis and short-term plant growth stimulations caused by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration will have, by themselves, significant long-term (tens to hundreds of years) effects on ecosystem C storage and atmospheric CO2 concentration is a matter for speculation, not firm conclusion. Long-term field studies of plant responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 are needed. These will be expensive, difficult, and by definition, results will not be forthcoming for at least decades. Analyses of plants and ecosystems surrounding natural geological CO2 degassing vents may provide the best surrogates for long-term controlled experiments, and therefore the most relevant information pertaining to long-term terrestrial-plant responses to elevated CO2 concentration, but pollutants associated with the vents are a concern in some cases, and quantitative knowledge of the history of atmospheric CO2 concentrations near vents is limited. On the whole, terrestrial higher-plant responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration probably act as negative feedbacks on atmospheric CO2 concentration increases, but they cannot by themselves stop the fossil-fuel-oxidation-driven increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. And, in the very long-term, atmospheric CO2 concentration is controlled by atmosphere--ocean C equilibrium rather than by terrestrial plant and ecosystem responses to atmospheric CO2 concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global environmental change
KW  - Plant-atmosphere relationships
KW  - Geophysics
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - carbon dioxide (CO2)
KW  - global carbon cycle
KW  - global environmental change
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - plants
KW  - respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 17771418; Amthor, Jeffrey S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-256, PO Box 808, Livermore CA 94550 USA; Issue Info: Aug1995, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p243; Thesaurus Term: Global environmental change; Thesaurus Term: Plant-atmosphere relationships; Thesaurus Term: Geophysics; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide (CO2); Author-Supplied Keyword: global carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: global environmental change; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 32p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - La Roche, Julie
AU  - Murray, Helen
AU  - Orellana, Mónica
AU  - Newton, Jan
T1  - FLAVODOXIN EXPRESSION AS AN INDICATOR OF IRON LIMITATION IN MARINE DIATOMS.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1995/08//
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 520
EP  - 530
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - We have previously shown that a marine chlorophyte expressed flavodoxin under iron limitation but not under other nutrient stress conditions. Here we use polyclonal antiserum raised against the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin to show that a similar response is observed in this species. Using our antibody, western blotting techniques, and standard colorimetric detection (4-chlorol-naphthol), we can detect at least a 25-50-fold increase in flovodoxin in iron-depleted compared to iron-replete cells. In iron-limited batch cultures of P. tricornutum, flavodoxin accumulation was inversely proportional to growth rate and was not detectable in cultures containing initially more than 750 nM of iron. We demonstrated that the occumulation of lovodoxin under iron stress is widespread among marine diatoms and that in may be possible to use the presence or absence of flovodoxin in natural marine diatom assemblages to detect iron limitation. However, our polyclonal antisera appears to be specific for diatoms and did not cross-react with Synechococcus sp., Micromonas pusilla (Butcher) Manton et Parke, Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher, Chlorella sp., Emiliania huxleii (Lohm.) Hay et Parke, or Isochrysis galbana Parke. A reverse bioassay experiment was conducted with natural phytoplankton assemblages containing mainly diatoms from Long Island Sound and in shelf waters near Cape Hatteras, two areas not suspected to be iron-limited. Although flavodoxin was not detected in situ in these areas, natural populations of diatoms driven into iron limitation expressed flovodoxin. Flovodoxin was detected in mats of the diatom Rhizosolenia castracanie Cleve collected from the Equatorial Pacific during a JGOFS cruise in 1992, consistent with the hypothesis that iron may be limiting in this high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diatoms
KW  - Marine algae
KW  - Plant nutrients
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Immunochemistry
KW  - Bacillariophyceae
KW  - flavodoxin
KW  - immunochemistry
KW  - iron stress
KW  - Phaeodactylum tricornutum.
N1  - Accession Number: 11567376; La Roche, Julie 1; Murray, Helen 1; Orellana, Mónica 2; Newton, Jan 3; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory,  Upton, New York 11973.; 2: University of Washington. Seattle, Washington  18195.; 3: Washington  Department of Ecology. Olympia. Washington 98504-7710.; Issue Info: Aug95, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p520; Thesaurus Term: Diatoms; Thesaurus Term: Marine algae; Thesaurus Term: Plant nutrients; Thesaurus Term: Phytoplankton; Subject Term: Immunochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillariophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: flavodoxin; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: iron stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phaeodactylum tricornutum.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114114 Freshwater fishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114113 Salt water fishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11567376
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nie, G. V
AU  - Long, S. P.
AU  - Garcia, R. L.
AU  - Kimball, B. A.
AU  - Lamorte, R. L.
AU  - Pinter Jr., P. J.
AU  - Wall, G. W.
AU  - Webber, A. N.
T1  - Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment on the development of the photosynthetic apparatus in wheat, as indicated by changes in leaf proteins.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1995/08//
VL  - 18
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 855
EP  - 864
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - A spring wheat crop was grown at ambient and elevated (550 μmol mol-1) CO2 concentrations under free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) in the field. Four experimental blocks, each comprising 21-m-diameter FACE and control experimental areas, were used. CO2 elevation was maintained day and night from crop emergence to final grain harvest. This experiment provided a unique opportunity to examine the hypothesis that CO2 elevation in the field would lead to acclimatory changes within the photosynthetic apparatus under open field conditions and to assess whether acclimation was affected by crop developmental stage, leaf ontogeny and leaf age. Change in the photosynthetic apparatus was assessed by measuring changes in the composition of total leaf and thylakoid polypeptides separated by SDS-PAGE. For leaves at completion of emergence of the blade, growth at the elevated CO2 concentration had no apparent effect on the amount of any of the major proteins of the photosynthetic apparatus regardless of the leaf examined. Leaf 5 on the main stem was in full sunlight at emergence, but then became shaded progressively as 3-4 further leaves formed above with continued development of the crop. By 35 d following completion of blade emergence, leaf 5 was in shade. At this point, the chlorophyll <em>a/b</em> ratio had declined by 26% both in plants grown at the control CO2 concentration and in those grown at the elevated CO2 concentration, which is indicative of shade acclimation. The ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) content declined by 45% in the control leaves, but by 60% in the leaves grown at the elevated CO2 concentration. The light- harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) and the chlorophyll content showed no decrease and no difference between treatments, indicating that the decrease in Rubisco was not an effect of earlier senescence in the leaves at the elevated CO2 concentration. Following completion of the emergence of the flag-leaf blade, the elevated-CO2 treatment inhibited the further accumulation of Rubisco which was apparent in control leaves over the subsequent 14d. From this point onwards, the flag leaves from both treatments showed a loss of Rubisco, which was far more pronounced in the elevated-CO2 treatment, so that by 36 d the Rubisco content of these leaves was just 70% of that of the controls and by 52d it was only 20%. At 36d, there was no decline in chlorophyll, LHC!I or the chloroplast ATPase coupling factor (CFI) in the elevated CO2 concentration treatment relative to the control. By 52 d, all of these proteins showed a significant decline relative to the control. This indicates that the decreased concentration of Rubisco at this final stage probably reflected earlier senescence in the elevated-CO2 treatment, but that this was preceded by a CO2-concentration-dependent decline in Rubisco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Wheat
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Leaf proteins
KW  - Aging
KW  - Carbon dioxide enrichment effect
KW  - free-air CO2 enrichment
KW  - Leaf protein change
KW  - leaf proteins
KW  - LHCll
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - Photosynthetic apparatus development
KW  - rising atmospheric CO2 concentration
KW  - Rubisco
KW  - senescence
KW  - thylakoids
KW  - wheat.
N1  - Accession Number: 8115756; Nie, G. V 1; Long, S. P. 1,2; Garcia, R. L. 3; Kimball, B. A. 3; Lamorte, R. L. 3; Pinter Jr., P. J. 3; Wall, G. W. 3; Webber, A. N. 4; Affiliations: 1: Biosystems and Process Science Division, Department of Applied Science. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 1/973, USA.; 2: Department of Biology, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK,; 3: U.S. Water Conservation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 4331 East Broadway, Phoenix, AZ 850040, USA.; 4: Department of Botany and Center for Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe. AZ 85287-1601, USA; Issue Info: Aug1995, Vol. 18 Issue 8, p855; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Wheat; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Subject Term: Leaf proteins; Subject Term: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide enrichment effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air CO2 enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leaf protein change; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHCll; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosynthetic apparatus development; Author-Supplied Keyword: rising atmospheric CO2 concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; Author-Supplied Keyword: senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: thylakoids; Author-Supplied Keyword: wheat.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311230 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111140 Wheat Farming; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep8115756
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Findikoglu, A. T.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Reagor, D. W.
AU  - Wu, X. D.
T1  - ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE DEVICES INCORPORATING NONLINEAR DIELECTRIC THIN FILMS OF SrTiO3 AND Sr0.5Ba0.5TiO3.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1995/08/20/
VL  - 9
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 310
SN  - 08952477
AB  - We have studied voltage-tunable (0--200 V) broadband (0.1-5.1 GHz) microwave properties at room temperature and the liquid nitrogen temperature of two coplanar waveguide devices made from a Au / Sr0.5Ba0.5TiO3 bilayer and a YBa2Cu3O7 - x / SrTiO3 bilayer, respectively. The experimental results agree well with the predictions of simple quasistatle and quasi-TEM models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BROADBAND communication systems
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - Coplanar waveguide
KW  - high-temperature superconductor
KW  - nonlinear dielectric
KW  - tunable phase shifter
KW  - tunable resonator
N1  - Accession Number: 13944859; Findikoglu, A. T. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1 Reagor, D. W. 1 Wu, X. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 8/20/95, Vol. 9 Issue 6, p306; Subject Term: BROADBAND communication systems; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coplanar waveguide; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-temperature superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear dielectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: tunable phase shifter; Author-Supplied Keyword: tunable resonator; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Nietch, Christopher T.
T1  - Increased growth efficiency of Quercus alba trees in a CO2-enriched atmosphere.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1995/09//
VL  - 131
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 97
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Forests have a prominent role in the global carbon cycle, but their response to a changing atmosphere cannot be measured directly. Experimental observations of small trees in CO2-enriched atmospheres must be interpreted carefully if they are to be relevant to the potential responses of forest trees. We grew white oak (Quercus alba L.) saplings for four complete growing seasons in open-top chambers with different partial pressures of atmospheric CO2. White oak saplings produced 58% more dry mass in 50 Pa CO2 and 135% more in 65 Pa, compared with plants in ambient (35 Pa) CO2. Although this result might suggest a substantial potential for increased carbon storage in forests, the large difference in growth rate could be attributed to a stimulation of growth very early in the experiment. There was not a sustained effect of CO2 on relative growth rate after the first year, and the increased absolute growth rate could persist only so lung as leaf area could increase, a condition that would not occur indefinitely in a forest. Nevertheless, annual stern wood production per unit area (growth efficiency) was 37% greater in elevated CO2. This increase in growth efficiency, a response that is consistent across diverse studies, implies a potential increase in carbon sequestration by forests, subject to critical assumptions about forest canopy development in a CO2-enriched atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WHITE oak
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - CARBON cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - OAK
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - global change
KW  - growth efficiency
KW  - open-top chambers
KW  - Quercus alba L. (white oak).
N1  - Accession Number: 12404688; Norby, Richard J. 1 Wullschleger, Stan D. 1 Gunderson, Carla A. 1 Nietch, Christopher T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA.  2: Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, USA.; Source Info: Sep95, Vol. 131 Issue 1, p91; Subject Term: WHITE oak; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: CARBON cycle (Biogeochemistry); Subject Term: OAK; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: open-top chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba L. (white oak).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nieplocha, J.
AU  - Schreiber, W. C.
T1  - THE USE OF CONJUGATE GRADIENTS METHODS WITH A SEGREGATED FINITE VOLUME PROCEDURE FOR SOLVING TRANSIENT, INCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER--STOKES EQUATIONS.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 849
EP  - 856
SN  - 10698299
AB  - PISO (pressure-implicit with splitting of operators) is an algorithm devised to solve the transient incompressible Navier-Stokes and energy equations. In that it uses separate equations for each of two pressure corrections, velocity components and transported scalars, PISO is known as a segregated solution procedure. Preconditioned, generalized conjugate gradient (GCG) methods in combination with schemes for vectorization and storage minimization are described in the paper for the purpose of solving both the symmetric and non-symmetric algebraic equation systems that result from the PISO algorithm. Of particular interest in the paper is a comparison of the present procedure with a procedure described by Chin et al. (1992) in which preconditioned conjugate gradient methods are used to solve the Jacobian matrix used in the Newton iteration of the fully coupled non-linear equations. The two methods are similar in that both techniques are based on a discretization using staggered control volumes with the power-law method for modelling advection-diffusion transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - conjugate gradient methods
KW  - incompressible Navier-Stokes equations
KW  - segregated finite volume procedure
KW  - staggered grid
KW  - vectorization
N1  - Accession Number: 12752862; Nieplocha, J. 1 Schreiber, W. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A.  2: Mechanical Engineering Department University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, U.S.A.; Source Info: Oct95, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p849; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: conjugate gradient methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: incompressible Navier-Stokes equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: segregated finite volume procedure; Author-Supplied Keyword: staggered grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: vectorization; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jongen, Marjan
AU  - Jones, Mike B.
AU  - Hebeisen, Thomas
AU  - Blum, Herbert
AU  - Hendrey, George
T1  - The effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on the root growth of Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens grown in a FACE system.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 371
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - <em>Lolium perenne</em> and <em>Trifolium repens</em> were grown in a Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) system at elevated (600) µmol mol-1) and ambient (340 µmol mol-1) carbon dioxide concentrations during a whole growing season. Using a root ingrowth bag technique the extent to which CO2 enrichment influenced the growth of <em>L. perenne</em> and <em>T. repens</em> roots under two contrasting nutrient regimes was examined. Root ingrowth bags were inserted for a fixed time into the soil in order to trap roots. It was also possible to follow the mortality of roots in bags inserted for different time intervals. Root ingrowth of both <em>L. perenne</em> and <em>T. repens</em> increased under elevated CO2 conditions. In <em>L. perenne</em>, root ingrowth decreased with increasing nutrient fertilizer level, but for <em>T. repens</em> the root ingrowth was not affected by the nutrient application rate. Besides biomass measurements, root length estimates were made for <em>T. repens</em>. These showed an increase under elevated CO2 concentrations. Root decomposition appeared to decrease under elevated CO2 concentrations. A possible explanation for this effect is the observed changes in tissue composition, such as the increase in the carbon:nitrogen ratio in roots of <em>L. perenne</em> at elevated CO2 concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Lolium perenne
KW  - White clover
KW  - <em>Trifolium repens</em>
KW  - elevated CO2
KW  - FACE
KW  - mesh bags
KW  - root ingrowth
N1  - Accession Number: 17764899; Jongen, Marjan 1; Email Address: MMJONGEN@MAIL.TCD.IE; Jones, Mike B. 1; Hebeisen, Thomas 2; Blum, Herbert 2; Hendrey, George 3; Affiliations: 1: Botany Department, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin; 2: Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), 8092-Zürich, Switzerland; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 12975, USA; Issue Info: Oct1995, Vol. 1 Issue 5, p361; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Subject Term: Lolium perenne; Subject Term: White clover; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Trifolium repens</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh bags; Author-Supplied Keyword: root ingrowth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Community Risk Profiles (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 611
EP  - 611
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Community Risk Profiles," edited by Iddo K. Wernick.
KW  - Communities
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Wernick, Iddo K.
KW  - Community Risk Profiles (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879478; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, MS-6480, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Oct95, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p611; Subject Term: Communities; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Community Risk Profiles (Book); People: Wernick, Iddo K.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Causes of Death in the Workplace (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 611
EP  - 612
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Causes of Death in the Workplace," by J. Paul Leigh.
KW  - Death
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Leigh, J. Paul
KW  - Causes of Death in the Workplace (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879479; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, MS-6480, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Oct95, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p611; Subject Term: Death; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Causes of Death in the Workplace (Book); People: Leigh, J. Paul; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Introduction to Environmental Texicology; Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 612
EP  - 612
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Introduction to Environmental Toxicology; Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems," by Wayne C. Landis and Ming-Ho Yu.
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Landis, Wayne C.
KW  - Ming-Ho Yu
KW  - Introduction to Environmental Toxicology; Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879480; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, MS-6480, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Oct95, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p612; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Introduction to Environmental Toxicology; Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems (Book); People: Landis, Wayne C.; People: Ming-Ho Yu; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, M.D.
AU  - Brown, M.J.
AU  - Cruz, X.
AU  - Sosa, G.
AU  - Streit, G.
T1  - Development and testing of meteorology and air dispersion models for Mexico City.
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 1995/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 2929
EP  - 2960
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Los Alamos National Laboratory and Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo are completing a joint study of options for improving air quality in Mexico City. We have modified a three-dimensional, prognostic, higher-order turbulence model for atmospheric circulation (HOTMAC) and a Monte Carlo dispersion and transport model (RAPTAD) to treat domains that include an urbanized area. We used the meteorological model to drive models which describe the photochemistry and air transport and dispersion. The photochemistry modeling is described in a separate paper. We tested the model against routine measurements and those of a major field program. During the field program, measurements included: (1) lidar measurements of aerosol transport and dispersion, (2) aircraft measurements of winds, turbulence, and chemical species aloft, (3) aircraft measurements of skin temperatures, and (4) Tethersonde measurements of winds and ozone. We modified the meteorological model to include provisions for time-varying synoptic-scale winds, adjustments for local wind effects, and detailed surface-coverage descriptions. We developed a new method to define mixing-layer heights based on model outputs. The meteorology and dispersion models were able to provide reasonable representations of the measurements and to define the sources of some of the major uncertainties in the model-measurement comparisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Dispersion (Atmospheric chemistry)
KW  - Air quality -- United States
KW  - Commercial aeronautics
KW  - complex terrain
KW  - measurement-model comparison
KW  - Mexico City
KW  - Prognostic models
KW  - urban air quality
N1  - Accession Number: 119369972; Williams, M.D. 1; Brown, M.J. 1; Cruz, X. 2; Sosa, G. 2; Streit, G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B299, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; 2: Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Gerencia de Energéticos Alternos y Quimica Ambiental, Apdo. Postal 14-805, México, D.F. 07730, Mexico; Issue Info: Nov1995, Vol. 29 Issue 21, p2929; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Air quality management; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Subject Term: Dispersion (Atmospheric chemistry); Subject Term: Air quality -- United States; Subject Term: Commercial aeronautics; Author-Supplied Keyword: complex terrain; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurement-model comparison; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico City; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prognostic models; Author-Supplied Keyword: urban air quality; NAICS/Industry Codes: 481110 Scheduled air transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 481111 Scheduled Passenger Air Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 481112 Scheduled Freight Air Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 481211 Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger Air Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 481215 Non-scheduled specialty flying services; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00113-D
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sillman, Sanford
AU  - Al-Wali, Khalid I.
AU  - Marsik, Frank J.
AU  - Nowacki, Peter
AU  - Samson, Perry J.
AU  - Rodgers, Michael O.
AU  - Garland, Leslie J.
AU  - Martinez, Jose E.
AU  - Stoneking, Chris
AU  - Imhoff, Robert
AU  - Lee, Jai Hoon
AU  - Newman, Leonard
AU  - Weinstein-Lloyd, Judith
AU  - Aneja, Viney P.
T1  - Photochemistry of ozone formation in Atlanta, GA-Models and measurements.
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 1995/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3055
EP  - 3066
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Chemical measurements made during an air pollution event in Atlanta, GA have been compared with results from several photochemical simulations. Measurements included O 3 , primary reactive organic gases (ROG), aldehydes, PAN, total reactive nitrogen (NO y ) and H 2 O 2 , with vertical profiles for primary ROG. Photochemical models using two different chemical representations and a range of assumptions about winds, vertical mixing and emissions were used to simulate the event. Results show that assumptions about vertical mixing can cause a variation in simulated surface concentrations of primary hydrocarbons of a factor of two or more. A tendency to underestimate isoprene was found in comparison with measured vertical profiles. The models tend to overestimate concentrations of HCHO, H202 and PAN in comparison with measurements. Peak O 3 and concurrent NO y from helicopter measurements was used as a basis for evaluating individual model scenarios. Scenarios were developed with different O3 NOx- ROG sensitivity, but only the NO x - sensitive scenarios are consistent with measured O 3 , NO y and isoprene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric ozone
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Reactive nitrogen species
KW  - Aldehydes
KW  - hydrocarbons
KW  - hydrogen
KW  - nitrogen oxides
KW  - Ozone
KW  - peroxide
KW  - photochemical smog
N1  - Accession Number: 119369981; Sillman, Sanford 1; Al-Wali, Khalid I. 1; Marsik, Frank J. 1; Nowacki, Peter 1; Samson, Perry J. 1; Rodgers, Michael O. 2; Garland, Leslie J. 2; Martinez, Jose E. 2; Stoneking, Chris 2; Imhoff, Robert 3; Lee, Jai Hoon 4; Newman, Leonard 4; Weinstein-Lloyd, Judith 5; Aneja, Viney P. 6; Affiliations: 1: Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143, U.S.A.; 2: School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A.; 3: Atmospheric Sciences, Tennessee Valley Authority, Muscle Shoals, AL 35630, U.S.A; 4: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.; 5: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York/Old Westbury, Old Westbury, NY 11568, U.S.A.; 6: Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8208, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Nov1995, Vol. 29 Issue 21, p3055; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric ozone; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Reactive nitrogen species; Subject Term: Aldehydes; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: peroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: photochemical smog; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00217-M
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Martin, Nathan
AU  - Clark, Gerald
AU  - Selby, Mark
AU  - Dressler, Fritz
AU  - Ehrlich, Everett
AU  - Campbell, Andrew
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Economist
JF  - Economist
Y1  - 1995/11/04/
VL  - 337
IS  - 7939
M3  - Letter
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
SN  - 00130613
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including an article on energy in the October 7, 1995 issue, "Will Your Next Computer Be A Tin Can and A Wire," in the October 14, 1995 issue, "Productivity and the Hubble Constant," in the October 14, 1995 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - COMPUTER engineering
KW  - INDUSTRIAL productivity
N1  - Accession Number: 19248652; Martin, Nathan 1 Clark, Gerald 2 Selby, Mark Dressler, Fritz Ehrlich, Everett 3 Campbell, Andrew 4; Affiliation:  1: Energy Analysis Programme, Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  2: Secretary General, The Uranium Institute, London  3: Under Secretary, Economic Affairs, Department of Commerce, Washington, DC  4: Director, Ashridge Strategic Management Centre, London; Source Info: 11/4/1995, Vol. 337 Issue 7939, p8; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: PERSONAL computers; Subject Term: COMPUTER engineering; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL productivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1102
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henriksen, Anne De Piante
AU  - Grant, Donna E.
T1  - The cost effectiveness of field methods for determining volatile organic compounds.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering & Toxic & Hazardous Substance Control
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering & Toxic & Hazardous Substance Control
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 30
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2269
EP  - 2303
SN  - 10771204
AB  - This paper examines the cost and performance characteristics of six different field analytical instruments capable of accurately identifying and quantifying volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the parts‐per‐billion level. Five‐year life‐cycle costs for the six field instruments including purchase, modification, and operational costs, were compared to the costs of using a stationary commercial analytical laboratory to obtain identical VOC data. The present‐value life‐cycle cost of a single soil or water VOC analysis was calculated for the six field alternatives and for the commercial laboratory at both a fixed annual sample analysis rate and at maximum capacity. The total cost of a single field analysis event was found to be approximately 18% of the total cost of sending that sample to a commercial laboratory. Cost differences between alternatives were correlated to variations in performance capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Environmental Science & Engineering & Toxic & Hazardous Substance Control is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75576100; Henriksen, Anne De Piante 1 Grant, Donna E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Technology Modeling and Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop F609, Los Alamos, NM, 87545  2: Energy and Environmental Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B299, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; Source Info: Dec1995, Vol. 30 Issue 10, p2269; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934529509376337
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rappe, Michael S.
AU  - Kemp, Paul F.
AU  - Giovannoni, Stephen J.
T1  - CHROMOPHYTE PLASTID 16S RIBOSOMAL RNA GENES FOUND IN A CLONE LIBRARY FROM ATLANTIC OCEAN SEAWATER.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 979
EP  - 988
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - In recent years, the cloning of ribosomal RNA genes from natural plankton communities has provided insight into the biodiversity of marine bacterioplankton. Small eukaryotic phytoplankton, like bacterioplankton, can be difficult to cultivate or identify routinely by morphological characteristics. We used bacteria-specific 16S rRNA primers to amplify genes from picoplankton samples collected on 0.2-μm filters by filtration from a depth of 10 m in the pelagic region over the continental shelf off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Nucleic acid sequencing and probe hybridization revealed that chromophyte plastid genes comprised 25% of the genes in a library of 170 clones. The plastid genes belonged to two groups within the Chromophyta: the Prymnesiophyceae and the Bacillariophyceae. Comparisons revealed substantial diversity among the bacillariophyte gene sequences, but the species from which the genes originated could not be identified because few sequences from cultured bacillariophytes are available. The prymnesiophyte genes could not be identified either, although they were most similar (similarity = 0.94) to plastid genes from the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay and Mohler strain PML92D. These results provide evidence of abundant chromophyte plastid 16S rRNA genes in the water over the continental shelf off Cape Hatteras. The results also suggest that plastid 16S rRNA genes may provide suitable genetic markers for studying phytoplankton biodiversity and biogeography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Heredity
KW  - Chromophyta
KW  - Seawater
KW  - Genes
KW  - Chloroplasts
KW  - molecular evolution
KW  - ribosomal RNA.
N1  - Accession Number: 11568119; Rappe, Michael S. 1; Kemp, Paul F. 2; Giovannoni, Stephen J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97351.; 2: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences Division. Brookhaven National Laboratory. Upton. New York 11973.; Issue Info: Dec95, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p979; Thesaurus Term: Heredity; Thesaurus Term: Chromophyta; Thesaurus Term: Seawater; Subject Term: Genes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloroplasts; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: ribosomal RNA.; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11568119
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunahay, Tern G.
AU  - Jarvis, Eric E.
AU  - Roessler, Paul G.
T1  - GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF THE DIATOMS <em>CYCLOTELLA CRYPTICA</em> AND <em>NAVICULA SAPROPHILA</em>.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1004
EP  - 1012
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Two species of diatoms were genetically transformed by introducing plasmid vectors containing the Escherichia coli neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) gene. Expression of the bacterial nptII gene in the diatoms was achieved using the putative promoter and terminator sequences from the acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene from the centric diatom Cyclotella cryptica T13L Reimann, Lewin, and Guillard. The vectors were introduced into C. cryptica and the pennate diatom Navicula saprophila NAVIC1 Lange-Bertalot and Bonik by microprojectile bombardment. Putative transformants were selected based on their ability to grow in the presence of the antibiotic G418, and production of the neomycin phosphotransferase protein by the transformed cells was confirmed by western blotting. The foreign DNA integrated into one or more random sites within the genome of the transformed algal cells, often in the form of tandem repeats. This is the first report of reproducible, stable genetic transformation of a chlorophyll c-containing alga. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diatoms
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Antibacterial agents
KW  - Genes
KW  - acetyl-CoA carboxylase
KW  - Bacillariophyceae
KW  - Cyclotella cryptica
KW  - G418
KW  - microprojectile bombardment
KW  - Navicula saprophila
KW  - neomycin phosphotransferase
KW  - transformation.
N1  - Accession Number: 11568130; Dunahay, Tern G. 1; Jarvis, Eric E. 1; Roessler, Paul G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Applied Biological Sciences Branch, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden. Colorado  80401.; Issue Info: Dec95, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p1004; Thesaurus Term: Diatoms; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia coli; Thesaurus Term: Antibacterial agents; Subject Term: Genes; Author-Supplied Keyword: acetyl-CoA carboxylase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillariophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclotella cryptica; Author-Supplied Keyword: G418; Author-Supplied Keyword: microprojectile bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navicula saprophila; Author-Supplied Keyword: neomycin phosphotransferase; Author-Supplied Keyword: transformation.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11568130
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Concepts of Inhalation Toxicology (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 745
EP  - 745
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Concepts of Inhalation Toxicology," edited by Roger O. McClellan and Rogene F. Henderson.
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - McClellan, Roger O.
KW  - Henderson, Rogene F.
KW  - Concepts of Inhalation Toxicology (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782705; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Dec95, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p745; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Concepts of Inhalation Toxicology (Book); People: McClellan, Roger O.; People: Henderson, Rogene F.; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Risk (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 745
EP  - 746
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Risk," by John Adams.
KW  - Risk management in business
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Adams, John, 1938-
KW  - Risk (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782706; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Dec95, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p745; Subject Term: Risk management in business; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Risk (Book); People: Adams, John, 1938-; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - The Common Sense for a First Course in Statistics (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 746
EP  - 746
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "The Common Sense for a First Course in Statistics," by T.P. Hutchinson.
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Hutchinson, T. P.
KW  - Common Sense for a First Course in Statistics, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782707; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Dec95, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p746; Subject Term: Statistics; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Common Sense for a First Course in Statistics, The (Book); People: Hutchinson, T. P.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babiuch, William M.
T1  - Public Reaction to Nuclear Waste: Citizens' Views on Repository Siting (Book).
JO  - Social Forces
JF  - Social Forces
Y1  - 1995/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 740
EP  - 741
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00377732
AB  - Reviews the book `Public Reactions to Nuclear Waste: Citizens' Views on Repository Siting,' edited by Riley Dunlap, Michael E. Kraft and Eugene A. Rosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Social Forces is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - DUNLAP, Riley
KW  - KRAFT, Michael E.
KW  - ROSA, Eugene A.
KW  - PUBLIC Reactions to Nuclear Waste: Citizens Views of Repository Siting (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9602020693; Babiuch, William M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.; Source Info: Dec95, Vol. 74 Issue 2, p740; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PUBLIC Reactions to Nuclear Waste: Citizens Views of Repository Siting (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; People: DUNLAP, Riley; People: KRAFT, Michael E.; People: ROSA, Eugene A.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KRAUSS, RONALD M.
AU  - CHAIT, ALAN
AU  - STONE, NEIL J.
AU  - ANDERSON, JAMES W.
AU  - JOHNSTONE, BRYAN M.
AU  - COOK-NEWELL, MARGARET E.
T1  - SOY PROTEIN AND SERUM LIPIDS.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
JF  - New England Journal of Medicine
Y1  - 1995/12/21/
VL  - 333
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 1715
EP  - 1716
SN  - 00284793
N1  - Accession Number: 88378136; KRAUSS, RONALD M. 1 CHAIT, ALAN 2 STONE, NEIL J. 3 ANDERSON, JAMES W. 4 JOHNSTONE, BRYAN M. 4 COOK-NEWELL, MARGARET E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195  3: Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611  4: University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0086; Source Info: 12/21/95, Vol. 333 Issue 25, p1715; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexiades, Vasilios
AU  - Amiez, Geneviève
AU  - Gremaud, Pierre-Alain
T1  - SUPER-TIME-STEPPING ACCELERATION OF EXPLICIT SCHEMES FOR PARABOLIC PROBLEMS.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1996/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 42
SN  - 10698299
AB  - The goal of the paper is to bring to the attention of the computational community a long overlooked, very simple, acceleration method that impressively speeds up explicit time-stepping schemes, at essentially no extra cost. The authors explain the basis of the method, namely stabilization via wisely chosen Inner steps (stages), justify it for linear problems, and spell out how simple it is to incorporate in any explicit code for parabolic problems. Finally, we demonstrate its performance on the (linear) heat equation as well as on the (non-linear) classical Stefan problem, by comparing it with standard implicit schemes (employing SOR or Newton iterations). The results show that super-time-stepping is more efficient than the implicit schemes in that it runs at least as fast, it is of comparable or better accuracy, and it is, of course, much easier to program (and to parallelize for distributed computing). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - MOTION
KW  - CHEBYSHEV approximation
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - acceleration
KW  - Chebyshev parabolic
KW  - explicit scheme
KW  - heat equation
KW  - implicit scheme time-stepping
KW  - Stefan problem
N1  - Accession Number: 14444320; Alexiades, Vasilios 1,2 Amiez, Geneviève 3 Gremaud, Pierre-Alain 4; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1300, U.S.A.  2: Mathematical Sciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, OakRidge, TN 37831-6367, U.S.A.  3: Laboratoire de Calcul Scientifique, Université de Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France  4: Department of Mathematics and Center for Research in Scientific Computation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan96, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: TIME; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: MOTION; Subject Term: CHEBYSHEV approximation; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: acceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chebyshev parabolic; Author-Supplied Keyword: explicit scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: implicit scheme time-stepping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stefan problem; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Shyh-Jen
AU  - Lin, Wan-Yu
AU  - Chen, Min-Nan
AU  - Hsieh, Bor-Tsung
AU  - Shen, Lie-Hang
AU  - Tsai, Zei-Tsan
AU  - Ting, Gann
AU  - Knapp, Furn
T1  - Biodistribution of rhenium-188 Lipiodol infused via the hepatic artery of rats with hepatic tumours.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 1996/01//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 17
SN  - 03406997
N1  - Accession Number: 71154689; Wang, Shyh-Jen Lin, Wan-Yu 1 Chen, Min-Nan 2 Hsieh, Bor-Tsung 2 Shen, Lie-Hang 2 Tsai, Zei-Tsan 2 Ting, Gann 2 Knapp, Furn 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taichung, 160, Sec. 3, Taichung Harbor Road 407 Taichung Taiwan  2: Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, 32500 Lung-Tan Taiwan  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jan1996, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p13; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF01736984
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrill, W. Andrew
T1  - Iran and Iraq: The Threat from the Northern Gulf (Book).
JO  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
JF  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
Y1  - 1996/01//Jan-Mar96
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 111
EP  - 112
SN  - 1057610X
AB  - Reviews the book "Iran and Iraq: The Threat From the Northern Gulf," by Anthony H. Cordesman.
KW  - THREATS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CORDESMAN, Anthony H.
KW  - IRAN & Iraq (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9606141196; Terrill, W. Andrew 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan-Mar96, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: THREATS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: IRAN & Iraq (Book); People: CORDESMAN, Anthony H.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morante, Silvia
AU  - Furenlid, Lars
AU  - Schiavo, Giampietro
AU  - Tonello, Fiorella
AU  - Zwilling, Robert
AU  - Montecucco, Cesare
T1  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of zinc coordination in tetanus neurotoxin, astacin, alkaline protease and thermolysin.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1996/02//2/1/96
VL  - 235
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 606
EP  - 612
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins constitute a new group of Zn-endopeptidases which has recently been actively investigated with the purpose of correlating their biochemical properties to their neurobiocytosis inhibitory capacity. Crystallographic data show that Zn-endopeptidases are characterized by an active site with a Zn atom coordinated to two histidines and a glutamate-bound water molecule. The two histidines and the glutamate residues belong to the HEXXH motif which is characteristic of most Zn- endopeptidases. A fourth metal ligand is a glutamate in thermolysin-like proteinases, but it is an histidine in the astacin family of proteinases and in alkaline protease. Astacin and alkaline protease possess a tyrosine as fifth Zn ligand, whose position in the case of alkaline protease could not be determined by X-ray crystallography. Not much is known about the atom arrangement around the active site in tetanus neurotoxin. In this work X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to obtain information on the Zn coordination mode in tetanus neurotoxin. The near-edge and extended fine-structure absorption spectra of this toxin are compared with those of astacin, alkaline protease and thermolysin. The present data and sequence information suggest a new pattern of Zn coordination in tetanus neurotoxin with one water molecule and three aromatic residues as metal ligands. These residues are the two histidines of the characteristic motif and a tyrosine which is tentatively identified with Tyr242, on the basis of sequence comparison and mutagenesis experiments. The mean distances of the Zn from the nearest coordinated atoms is reported. Our results indicate that alkaline protease, like astacin, also possesses a tyrosine as a fifth ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - ENDOPEPTIDASES
KW  - TETANUS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ZINC
KW  - ASTACINS
KW  - extended x-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - x-ray absorption spectroscopy
KW  - zinc-endopeptidases
N1  - Accession Number: 13699390; Morante, Silvia 1 Furenlid, Lars 2 Schiavo, Giampietro 3 Tonello, Fiorella 3 Zwilling, Robert 4 Montecucco, Cesare 3; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita' degli Studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata', Roma, Italy  2: National Synchroton Light Sourc, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, USA  3: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Centro CNR Biomembrane, Padova, Italy  4: Zoologisches Institut (Physiologie), Universität Heidelberg, Germany; Source Info: 2/1/96, Vol. 235 Issue 3, p606; Subject Term: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject Term: ENDOPEPTIDASES; Subject Term: TETANUS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: ASTACINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended x-ray absorption fine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: x-ray absorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: zinc-endopeptidases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cowan Jr, James H.
AU  - Houde, Edward D.
AU  - Rose, Kenneth A.
T1  - Size-dependent vulnerability of marine fish larvae to predation: an individual-based numerical experiment.
JO  - ICES Journal of Marine Science / Journal du Conseil
JF  - ICES Journal of Marine Science / Journal du Conseil
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 37
SN  - 10543139
AB  - Twenty-day simulations of responses by a larval fish cohort were investigated with an individual-based model of predation by ctenophore, medusa, and planktivorous fish predators. Results indicate that the relationship between larval size and vulnerability to predation was generally dome-shaped for invertebrate predators and could be dome-shaped for fish predators if they foraged optimally by size, and depended upon attributes of both predators and larval fish prey. For the predators that did not forage optimally, cohort-specific mortality generally decreased as the mean length of larvae in a cohort increased, but bigger or faster-growing larvae within a cohort were not always most likely to survive. Until larvae grew through a “window” of vulnerability and reached a threshold length when susceptibility to the predators decreased more rapidly with larval length than encounter rate increased, mean length or growth rate of surviving larvae on each day was slightly lower, or not different from those that died in most of the simulations. After the threshold length was reached, predators began to catch smaller larvae, which resulted in larger survivors. The time necessary to grow through the window and reach the threshold length depended on growth rate of the larvae, size of the predators, and the variance structure of these parameters. These results indicate that size and growth rate of fish larvae are partially decoupled by the predation process and, ultimately, act differentially to determine cohort survival rate, although both may be most important after larvae have reached the threshold length. In these simulations, the threshold length was reached after a significant portion (56–99%) of total larval mortality had occurred; time to reach the threshold was generally shorter for the faster growing cohorts. Initially, both fast- and slow-growing individuals within a larval cohort differed little in size and, therefore, were nearly equally vulnerable to predation. However, reduced risk of predation occurred when all members of a cohort had reached the threshold length, which suggests that mean growth rate of individuals within a cohort, not their size, is probably the more important parameter affecting cumulative mortality, especially when the rate is high. We propose that characteristics of larval survivors may be more influenced by attributes of the predators to which they were exposed in early life, rather than by their initial status within a cohort with respect to length at hatching and potential growth rate. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of ICES Journal of Marine Science / Journal du Conseil is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Larvae
KW  - Predation (Biology)
KW  - Fishes -- Population biology
KW  - Fish stocking
KW  - Foraging behavior (Animals)
KW  - Fishes -- Mortality
KW  - individual-based model
KW  - larval fish
KW  - predation
KW  - vulnerability
N1  - Accession Number: 44591123; Cowan Jr, James H. 1; Houde, Edward D. 2; Rose, Kenneth A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Marine Environmental Sciences Consortium, Dauphin Island Sea Lab., P.O. Box 369-370, Dauphin Island, AL 36688, USA; 2: University of Maryland System, Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons, MD 20688, USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 38731, USA; Issue Info: Feb1996, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p23; Thesaurus Term: Larvae; Thesaurus Term: Predation (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Fishes -- Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Fish stocking; Thesaurus Term: Foraging behavior (Animals); Subject Term: Fishes -- Mortality; Author-Supplied Keyword: individual-based model; Author-Supplied Keyword: larval fish; Author-Supplied Keyword: predation; Author-Supplied Keyword: vulnerability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J. C.
AU  - Shiver, A. W.
T1  - A Monte Carlo Procedure for the Construction of Complementary Cumulative Distribution Functions for Comparison with the EPA Release Limits for Radioactive Waste Disposal.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 55
SN  - 02724332
AB  - A Monte Carlo procedure for the construction of complementary cumulative distribution functions (CCDFs) for comparison with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) release limits for radioactive waste disposal (40 CFR 191, Subpart B) is described and illustrated with results from a recent performance assessment (PA) for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). The Monte Carlo procedure produces CCDF estimates similar to those obtained with importance sampling in several recent PAs for the WIPP. The advantages of the Monte Carlo procedure over importance sampling include increased resolution in the calculation of probabilities for complex scenarios involving drilling intrusions and better use of the necessarily limited number of mechanistic calculations that underlie CCDF construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Distribution (Probability theory)
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Probability theory
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 11762719; Helton, J. C. 1; Shiver, A. W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1804.; 2: WIPP Performance Assessment Computational Support Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico  87185-1328.; Issue Info: Feb96, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p43; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Subject Term: Distribution (Probability theory); Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Probability theory; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: United States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - The Dilemma of Sitting a High-Level Nuclear Waste Repository (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 128
EP  - 128
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "The Dilemma of Sitting a High Level Nuclear Waste Repository," by Douglas Easterline and Howard Kunreuther.
KW  - Radioactive waste repositories
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Easterline, Douglas
KW  - Kunreuther, Howard, 1938-
KW  - Dilemma of Sitting a High Level Nuclear Waste Repository, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11762727; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Feb96, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p128; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste repositories; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Dilemma of Sitting a High Level Nuclear Waste Repository, The (Book); People: Easterline, Douglas; People: Kunreuther, Howard, 1938-; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Fire Law: The Liabilities and Rights of the Fire Service (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 128
EP  - 129
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Fire Law: The Liabilities and Rights of the Fire Service," by Thomas D. Schneid.
KW  - Fire departments
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Schneid, Thomas D.
KW  - Fire Law: The Liabilities & Rights of the Fire Service (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11762728; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Feb96, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p128; Subject Term: Fire departments; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Fire Law: The Liabilities & Rights of the Fire Service (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 912140 Provincial fire-fighting services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913140 Municipal fire-fighting services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922160 Fire Protection; People: Schneid, Thomas D.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Air Pollution and Community Health (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 129
EP  - 129
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Air Pollution and Community Health," by Frederick W. Lipfert.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Lipfert, Federick W.
KW  - Air Pollution & Community Health: A Critical Review & Data Source Book (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11762729; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Issue Info: Feb96, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p129; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Air Pollution & Community Health: A Critical Review & Data Source Book (Book); People: Lipfert, Federick W.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonn, Bruce E.
AU  - White, Dennis L.
T1  - Sustainable Societies in the Information Age.
JO  - American Sociologist
JF  - American Sociologist
Y1  - 1996///Spring96
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
EP  - 121
SN  - 00031232
AB  - This article interweaves the ideas of sustainable development, sustainable societies, and the power of advanced information technologies toward developing recommendations for social science research on information technology in society. Worldwide concern has arisen over the potentially catastrophic consequences of global climate and environmental change. As a result, sustainable development (i.e., the simultaneous protection of both the global environment and the global economy) is receiving considerable attention. Necessary for achieving sustainable development are sustainable societies, which are capable of designing, implementing, managing and evaluating long-term environmental programs. This article presents ten characteristics that describe sustainable societies and discusses how information technologies, from wireless personal digital assistants to intelligent agents to multi-media database systems, could support the evolution of sustainable societies. Topics for social science research related to designing and ameliorating the negative consequences of eight hypothetical computer-based systems are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Sociologist is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUSTAINABLE development
KW  - SOCIETIES
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - SOCIAL science research
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - MULTIMEDIA systems
N1  - Accession Number: 9607151241; Tonn, Bruce E. 1 White, Dennis L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Leader of the policy systems analysis group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and co-principal investigator of the National Center for Environmental Decision-making Research  2: Research associate in the energy division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Spring96, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p102; Subject Term: SUSTAINABLE development; Subject Term: SOCIETIES; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: SOCIAL science research; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: MULTIMEDIA systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 9935
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, S.M.
AU  - Goodwin, E.H.
AU  - Meyne, J.
AU  - Cornforth, M.N.
T1  - CO-FISH reveals inversions associated with isochromosome formation.
JO  - Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutagenesis
Y1  - 1996/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 144
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02678357
AB  - Despite the likely prevalence and documented biological impact of inverted DNA sequences in humans and other species, our ability to detect them on a routine basis is limited. The technique of chromosome orientation fluorescence in situ hybridization (CO-FISH) was used to detect obligate chromosome inversions associated with isochromo-some formation in two human cell lines. Simultaneous hybridization of a strand-specific telomeric probe allowed us to deduce the absolute orientation of repetitive DNA sequences associated with the inverted region. These results show that, in principle, CO-FISH could be used to detect virtually any type of inversion, including those likely to escape detection by other methods. Prospective applications of the technique are discussed in relation to its principal limitation, the present availability of suitable single-stranded DNA probes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mutagenesis is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Chromosomes
KW  - Cell lines
KW  - Single-stranded DNA
KW  - Chromosome inversions
KW  - DNA probes
KW  - Fluorescence in situ hybridization
N1  - Accession Number: 79237785; Bailey, S.M. 1; Goodwin, E.H. 1; Meyne, J. 1; Cornforth, M.N. 2; Affiliations: 1: Life Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545; 2: Department of Radiation Therapy 344 Gail Borden Building, Route F56, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0656, USA; Issue Info: Mar1996, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p139; Subject Term: Nucleotide sequence; Subject Term: Chromosomes; Subject Term: Cell lines; Subject Term: Single-stranded DNA; Subject Term: Chromosome inversions; Subject Term: DNA probes; Subject Term: Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moser, L. E.
AU  - Melliar-Smith, P. M.
AU  - Agarwal, D. A.
AU  - Budhia, R. K.
AU  - Lingley-Papadopoulos, C. A.
T1  - Totem: A Fault-Tolerant Multicast Group Communication System.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 63
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article describes characteristics and architecture of the Totem system, which provides a totally ordered multicast service to application process groups. It is a fault tolerant multicast group communication system. The Totem system, developed at the University of California, provides reliable, totally ordered multicasting of messages over local area networks (LANs) and exploits the hardware broadcasts of such networks to achieve high performance. The Totem single-ring protocol provides reliable totally ordered delivery of messages using a logical token-passing ring superimposed on a LAN, such as an Ethernet. A hierarchy of protocols delivers messages to processes within process groups over a single LAN or over multiple LANs interconnected by gateways. The message ordering strategy of Totem employs time stamps to define a consistent total order on messages systemwide and sequence numbers to ensure reliable delivery of messages. Hardware broadcasts, multiple rings, filtering of messages, and process group locality enable Totem to achieve high throughput and low predictable latency.  INSETS: Why Totem?;Virtual Synchrony and Extended Virtue Synchrony.;What Is Real Time?.
KW  - MULTICASTING (Computer networks)
KW  - COMMUNICATION
KW  - MAIL receiving & forwarding services
KW  - ETHERNET (Local area network system)
KW  - LOCAL area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
N1  - Accession Number: 12571810; Moser, L. E. 1; Email Address: moser@ece.ucsb.edu Melliar-Smith, P. M. 2; Email Address: pmms@ece.ucsb.edu Agarwal, D. A. 3; Email Address: daagarwal@lbl.gov Budhia, R. K.; Email Address: ravi@alpha.ece.ucsb.edu Lingley-Papadopoulos, C. A. 4; Email Address: lingley-amy@tandem.com; Affiliation:  1: Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara.  2: Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara.  3: Staff Scientist, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.  4: Software Engineer, Tandem Computers.; Source Info: Apr96, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p54; Subject Term: MULTICASTING (Computer networks); Subject Term: COMMUNICATION; Subject Term: MAIL receiving & forwarding services; Subject Term: ETHERNET (Local area network system); Subject Term: LOCAL area networks (Computer networks); Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561431 Private Mail Centers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/227210.227226
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reinhart, Bruce D.
AU  - Hack, Alan L.
T1  - The Demonstration of a Telemetric Heat Stress Monitor and a Liquid Air-cooled Protective Suit.
JO  - Journal of Occupational Medicine
JF  - Journal of Occupational Medicine
Y1  - 1996/04//
M3  - Article
SP  - 422
EP  - 422
SN  - 00961736
N1  - Accession Number: 113379667; Reinhart, Bruce D. 1 Hack, Alan L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Bruce D. Reinhart, CIH, MS, Industrial Hygienist and Section Leader, Department of Research and Development, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM. Alan L. Hack, CIH, MS, Industrial Hygienist, Department of Research and Development, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.; Source Info: Apr1996, p422; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 204
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breitenstein Jr, Bryce D.
T1  - Ionizing Radiation.
JO  - Journal of Occupational Medicine
JF  - Journal of Occupational Medicine
Y1  - 1996/04//
M3  - Article
SP  - 426
EP  - 426
SN  - 00961736
N1  - Accession Number: 113379691; Breitenstein Jr, Bryce D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Occupational Medicine Director, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY.; Source Info: Apr1996, p426; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 143
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nijs, I.
AU  - Kockelbergh, F.
AU  - Teughels, H.
AU  - Blum, H.
AU  - Hendrey, G.
AU  - Impens, I.
T1  - Free Air Temperature Increase (FATI): a new tool to study global warming effects on plants in the field.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
EP  - 502
SN  - 01407791
AB  - A new technique, called Free Air Temperature Increase (FATI), was developed to artificially induce increased canopy temperature in field conditions without the use of enclosures. This acronym was chosen in analogy with FACE (Free Air CO2 Enrichment), a technique which produces elevated CO2 concentrations [CO2] in open field conditions. The FATI system simulates global warming in small ecosystems of limited height, using infrared heaters from which all radiation below 800 nm is removed by selective cut-off filters to avoid undesirable photoniorpho-genetic effects. An electronic control circuit tracks the ambient canopy temperature in an unheated reference plot with thermocouples, and modulates the radiant energy from the lamps to produce a 2.5°C increment in the canopy temperature of an associated heated plot (continuously day and night). This pre-set target differential is relatively constant over time due to the fast response of the lamps and the use of a proportional action controller (the standard deviation of this increment was <1°C in a 3 week field study with 1007 measurements). Furthermore, the increase in leaf temperature does not depend on the vertical position within the canopy or on the height of the stand. Possible applications and alternative designs are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - LOLIUM perenne
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - GLOBAL temperature changes
KW  - <em>Lolium perenne</em>
KW  - Canopy temperature increase
KW  - elevated CO2 concentration
KW  - field response
KW  - Free Air Temperature Increase (FATI)
KW  - global warming
KW  - Global warming study
KW  - infrared
KW  - new technique
KW  - perennial ryegrass
KW  - simulation
KW  - Technique description
KW  - temperature.
N1  - Accession Number: 8115857; Nijs, I. 1 Kockelbergh, F. 1 Teughels, H. 1 Blum, H. 2 Hendrey, G. 3 Impens, I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp UIA, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.  2: Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, 11973.; Source Info: Apr1996, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p495; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: LOLIUM perenne; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: GLOBAL temperature changes; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Lolium perenne</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canopy temperature increase; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO2 concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: field response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free Air Temperature Increase (FATI); Author-Supplied Keyword: global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global warming study; Author-Supplied Keyword: infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: new technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: perennial ryegrass; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technique description; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep8115857
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Metz, William C.
T1  - Historical Application of a Social Amplification of Risk Model: Economic Impacts of Risk Events at Nuclear Weapons Facilities.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 193
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Public perception of risk is being cited as a documented reason to rethink a very contentious congressionally mandated process for siting interim storage and permanent disposal facilities for high-level radioactive waste. Rigorous survey research has shown that the public holds intense, negative images of "nuclear" and "radioactive" technologies, activities, and facilities. Potential host states and opponents claim that these negative images, coupled with an amplification of negative risk events, will potentially stigmatize the area surrounding such facilities and result in significant economic losses. At issue is whether a supporting social amplification of risk model is applicable to communities hosting facilities that are part of the U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Weapons Complex. An initial assessment of high-profile discrete and cumulative key negative risk events at such nuclear facilities does not validate that there has been stigmatization or substantial social and economic consequences in the host areas. Before any changes to major national policy are implemented, additional research is required to determine if the nearby public's "pragmatic logic," based on practical knowledge and experience, attenuates the link between public opinion and demographic and economic behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear weapons
KW  - Nuclear facilities
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Risk perception
KW  - Perception
KW  - Public opinion
KW  - amplification
KW  - behavior.
KW  - nuclear
KW  - perceptions
KW  - Risk
N1  - Accession Number: 11945355; Metz, William C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, #900, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p185; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear weapons; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear facilities; Thesaurus Term: Behavior; Subject Term: Risk perception; Subject Term: Perception; Subject Term: Public opinion; Author-Supplied Keyword: amplification; Author-Supplied Keyword: behavior.; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear; Author-Supplied Keyword: perceptions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
T1  - Ecological Risks to Fossorial Vertebrates from Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 219
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The past several years has seen an increased awareness of the need to conduct ecological risk assessments (ERAs) for hazardous waste sites. One technique used in ERAs involves estimating contaminant exposure to individual animals of selected species, which is then compared to a reference dose derived from the literature. Exposure estimates are conducted on those species which are representative of the different trophic levels found at the site. In many terrestrial systems, fossorial (burrowing) vertebrates are found in both lower and upper trophic levels. As part of the ERA conducted for Site 300, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's high-explosive test facility, contaminant exposures were estimated for fossorial and nonfossorial vertebrates spanning two trophic levels. The results of the evaluation revealed that a significant pathway by which fossorial vertebrates could be exposed to trichloroethylene in soil was through the inhalation of contaminated subsurface burrow air. This was the first time that the importance of this ecological exposure pathway has been recognized. The results of this analysis suggest that further research into the ecological significance of subsurface burrow air contaminated with volatile organic compounds is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Vertebrates
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Chlorohydrocarbons
KW  - fossorial vertebrates.
KW  - inhalation
KW  - trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 11945358; Carlsen, Tina M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Restoration Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,  P.O. Box 808 L-619, Livermore, California 94551.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p211; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Trichloroethylene; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Vertebrates; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Chlorohydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: fossorial vertebrates.; Author-Supplied Keyword: inhalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: trichloroethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moskowitz, P. D.
AU  - Pardi, R.
AU  - Fthenakis, V. M.
AU  - Holtzman, S.
AU  - Sun, L. C.
AU  - Irla, B.
T1  - An Evaluation of Three Representative Multimedia Models Used to Support Cleanup Decision-Making at Hazardous, Mixed, and Radioactive Waste Sites.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 287
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The decision process involved in cleaning sites contaminated with hazardous, mixed, and radioactive materials is supported often by results obtained from computer models. These results provide limits within which a decision-maker can judge the importance of individual transport and fate processes, and the likely outcome of alternative cleanup strategies. The transport of hazardous materials may occur predominately through one particular pathway but, more often, actual or potential transport must be evaluated across several pathways and media. Multimedia models are designed to simulate the transport of contaminants from a source to a receptor through more than one environmental pathway. Three such multimedia models are reviewed here: MEPAS, MMSOILS, and PRESTO-EPA-CPG. The reviews are based on documentation provided with the software, on published reviews, on personal interviews with the model developers, and on model summaries extracted from computer databases and expert systems. The three models are reviewed within the context of specific media components: air, surface water, ground water, and food chain. Additional sections evaluate the way that these three models calculate human exposure and dose and how they report uncertainty. Special emphasis is placed on how each model handles radionuclide transport within specific media. For the purpose of simulating the transport, fate and effects of radioactive contaminants through more than one pathway, both MEPAS and PRESTO-EPA-CPG are adequate for screening studies; MMSOILS only handles nonradioactive substances and must be modified before it can be used in these same applications. Of the three models, MEPAS is the most versatile, especially if the user needs to model the transport, fate, and effects of hazardous and radioactive contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cleanup of radioactive waste sites
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Radioactive waste sites
KW  - Hazardous waste sites
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - cleanup
KW  - Contaminated sites
KW  - hazardous materials
KW  - models.
N1  - Accession Number: 11945364; Moskowitz, P. D. 1; Pardi, R. 1; Fthenakis, V. M. 1; Holtzman, S. 1; Sun, L. C. 1; Irla, B. 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; 2: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p279; Thesaurus Term: Cleanup of radioactive waste sites; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste sites; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous waste sites; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: cleanup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contaminated sites; Author-Supplied Keyword: hazardous materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: models.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellan
T1  - Analyzing Superfund Economics, Science, and Law (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 289
EP  - 289
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Analyzing Superfund Economics, Science, and Law," edited by Richard Revesz and Richard B. Stewart.
KW  - Environmental risk assessment
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Revesz, Richard L., 1958-
KW  - Stewart, Richard B.
KW  - Analyzing Superfund (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11945365; Baldwin, Ellan 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p289; Thesaurus Term: Environmental risk assessment; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Analyzing Superfund (Book); People: Revesz, Richard L., 1958-; People: Stewart, Richard B.; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Five Golden Rules (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 289
EP  - 289
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Five Golden Rules," by John L. Casti.
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Casti, John L.
KW  - Five Golden Rules (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11945366; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p289; Subject Term: Mathematics; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Five Golden Rules (Book); People: Casti, John L.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Employee-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 289
EP  - 290
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Employee-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior," by Thomas R. Krause.
KW  - Industrial safety
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Krause, Thomas R., 1944-
KW  - Employee-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11945367; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Apr96, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p289; Thesaurus Term: Industrial safety; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Employee-Driven Systems for Safe Behavior (Book); People: Krause, Thomas R., 1944-; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
T1  - Stem respiration in a closed-canopy upland oak forest.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1996/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
EP  - 439
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Stem respiration was measured throughout 1993 on 56 mature trees of three species (Quercus alba L., Quercus prinus L., and Acer rubrum L.) in Walker Branch Watershed, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. A subset of the trees was remeasured during 1994. Diameter increments, stem temperatures and soil water were also monitored. Respiration rates in the spring and summer of 1993 tracked growth rate increments, except during a drought when growth dropped to zero and respiration increased to its highest rate. During the dormant season, rates of total stem respiration (Rt) tended to be greater in large trees with thick sapwood but no such trend was observed during the growing season. Before and after the growing season, respiration rates correlated well with stem temperatures. Estimated values of Q10 were 2.4 for the two oak species and 1.7 for red maple. The Q10 values were used along with baseline respiration measurements and stem temperatures to predict seasonal changes in maintenance respiration (Rm). In red maple, annual total Rm accounted for 56 and 60% of Rt in 1993 and 1994, respectively. In chestnut oak, Rm accounted for 65 and 58% of Rt in 1993 and 1994, respectively. In white oak, Rm accounted for 47 and 53% of Rt in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Extrapolating these data to the stand level showed that woody tissue respiration accounted for 149 and 204 g C m−2 soil surface year−1 in 1993 and 1994, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Respiration in plants
KW  - Forest restoration
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Red maple
KW  - Abies amabilis
KW  - Sapwood
KW  - Acer rubrum
KW  - carbon cycling
KW  - growth respiration
KW  - maintenance respiration
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - Quercus prinus
KW  - tree respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 51808720; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Hanson, Paul J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA; Issue Info: Apr1996, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p433; Thesaurus Term: Respiration in plants; Thesaurus Term: Forest restoration; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Red maple; Subject Term: Abies amabilis; Subject Term: Sapwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer rubrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: maintenance respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus prinus; Author-Supplied Keyword: tree respiration; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - AUSTIN, ERIC W.
AU  - PARRISH, JEFF M.
AU  - KINDER, DAVID H.
AU  - BULL, RICHARD J.
T1  - Lipid Peroxidation and Formation of 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine from Acute Doses of Halogenated Acetic Acids.
JO  - Fundamental & Applied Toxicology
JF  - Fundamental & Applied Toxicology
Y1  - 1996/05//
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 82
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02720590
AB  - Chlorinated, brominated, and mixed bromochloro acetates are major by-products of water disinfection by chlorine or ozone. The chlorinated acetates, trichloroacetate (TCA) and dichloroacetate (DCA), are carcinogenic in rodents. Brominated analogs of TCA and DCA have received little study. TCA and DCA induce lipid peroxidation in the livers of rodents when administered acutely. Oxidative stress can also result in oxidative damage to DNA, most commonly measured as increases in 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) adducts. In this study, the ability of acute doses of TCA, DCA, dibromoacetate (DBA), bromodichloroacetate (BDCA), and bromochloroacetate (BCA) to induce lipid peroxidation and 8-OHdG formation was examined. Male B6C3F1 mice developed significant increases in 8-OHdG/dG ratios in nuclear DNA isolated from livers when treated with haloacetates. The extent of 8-OHdG formation appeared to be related to the ability to induce thiobarbi-turic acid-reactive substances (TBARS). The order of potency was DBA ≅ BCA > BDCA > DCA > TCA. The induction of 8-OHdG was found to be generally more sensitive to treatment with haloacetates than the TBARS response. Significantly elevated levels of 8-OHdG were observed at doses of DBA, BCA, and BDCA as low as 30 mg/kg. We suggest that formation of 8-OHdG by brominated haloacetates may contribute to their toxicological effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fundamental & Applied Toxicology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water -- Purification -- Chlorination
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Lipid peroxidation (Biology)
KW  - Acetic acid -- Physiological effect
KW  - Bromides
N1  - Accession Number: 82425560; AUSTIN, ERIC W. 1; PARRISH, JEFF M. 1; KINDER, DAVID H. 2; BULL, RICHARD J. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Pharmacology/Toxicology Graduate Program, Washington State University Pullman, Washington 99164; 2: † The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University Ada, Ohio 45810; 3: ‡ Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Health Risk Assessment Department MSIN: P7-56, Richland, Washington 99352; Issue Info: 1996, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p77; Thesaurus Term: Water -- Purification -- Chlorination; Thesaurus Term: Carcinogenesis; Subject Term: Lipid peroxidation (Biology); Subject Term: Acetic acid -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: Bromides; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welch, D.R.
AU  - Cuneo, M.E.
AU  - Olson, C.L.
AU  - Mehlhorn, T.A.
T1  - Gas breakdown effects in the generation and transport of light ion beams for fusion.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 1996/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2113
EP  - 2121
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The efficiency of delivering an ion beam to an inertial confinement fusion target depends on the ability to control the breakdown of both unintended (in the ``vacuum?? diode region) and intended (in the transport region) gas. The desorption and breakdown of anode-surface contaminants in an ion diode complicates the generation of a pure, high-brightness ion beam. Beyond the accelerator, the gas in the reactor vessel must provide excellent charge neutralization and specified current neutralization to permit the beam transport and focusing to a <1 cm radius, spherical target. Two schemes, in which controlling gas breakdown is essential, are ``ballistic?? and ``self-pinched?? ion transport. Results are discussed from hybrid particle-fluid simulations of anode contaminant desorption and ion beam transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - IONS
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - DIODES
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - RADIUS (Anatomy)
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14738423; Welch, D.R. 1 Cuneo, M.E. 2 Olson, C.L. 2 Mehlhorn, T.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Mission Research Corp., Albuquerque, New Mexico  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: May96, Vol. 3 Issue 5, p2113; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: RADIUS (Anatomy); Subject Term: FLUIDS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slutz, S.A.
AU  - Lemke, R.W.
AU  - Pointon, T.D.
AU  - Desjarlais, M.P.
AU  - Johnson, D.J.
AU  - Mehlhorn, T.A.
AU  - Filuk, A.
AU  - Bailey, J.
T1  - Ion divergence in magnetically insulated diodes.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 1996/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2175
EP  - 2182
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Magnetically insulated ion diodes are being developed to drive inertial confinement fusion. Ion beam microdivergence must be reduced to achieve the very high beam intensities required to achieve this goal. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 3094 (1991)] indicate that instability-induced fluctuations can produce significant ion divergence during acceleration. These simulations exhibit a fast growing mode early in time, which has been identified as the diocotron instability. The divergence generated by this mode is modest, due to the relatively high-frequency (>1 GHz). Later, a low-frequency low-phase-velocity instability develops with a frequency that is approximately the reciprocal of the ion transit time. This instability couples effectively to the ions, and can generate unacceptably large ion divergences (>30 mrad). Linear stability theory reveals that this mode has structure parallel to the applied magnetic field and is related to the modified two-stream instability. Measurements of ion density fluctuations and energy-momentum correlations have confirmed that instabilities develop in ion diodes and contribute to the ion divergence. In addition, spectroscopic measurements indicate that lithium ions have a significant transverse temperature very close to the emission surface. Passive thin-film lithium fluoride (LiF) anodes have larger transverse beam temperatures than laser-irradiated active sources. Calculations of the ion beam source divergence for the LiF film due to surface roughness and the possible loss of adhesion and fragmentation of this film are presented.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - DIODES
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - IONS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14739333; Slutz, S.A. 1 Lemke, R.W. 1 Pointon, T.D. 1 Desjarlais, M.P. 1 Johnson, D.J. 1 Mehlhorn, T.A. 1 Filuk, A. 1 Bailey, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: May96, Vol. 3 Issue 5, p2175; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Okuda, H.
AU  - Kelly, Arnold J.
T1  - Electrostatic atomization--Experiment, theory and industrial applications.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 1996/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2191
EP  - 2196
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Experimental and theoretical research has been initiated at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory on the electrostatic atomization process in collaboration with Charged Injection Corporation. The goal of this collaboration is to set up a comprehensive research and development program on the electrostatic atomization at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory so that both institutions can benefit from the collaboration. Experimental, theoretical and numerical simulation approaches are used for this purpose. An experiment consisting of a capillary sprayer combined with a quadrupole mass filter and a charge detector was installed at the Electrostatic Atomization Laboratory to study fundamental properties of the charged droplets such as the distribution of charges with respect to the droplet radius. In addition, a numerical simulation model is used to study interaction of beam electrons with atmospheric pressure water vapor, supporting an effort to develop an electrostatic water mist fire-fighting nozzle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROSTATIC atomization
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - SIZE reduction of materials
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - HYDRAULICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14739531; Okuda, H. 1; Email Address: okuda@theory.pppl.gov Kelly, Arnold J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey  2: Charged Injection Corp., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey; Source Info: May96, Vol. 3 Issue 5, p2191; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATIC atomization; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: SIZE reduction of materials; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leboeuf, J.N.
AU  - Chen, K.R.
AU  - Donato, J.M.
AU  - Geohegan, D.B.
AU  - Liu, C.L.
AU  - Puretzky, A.A.
T1  - Modeling of plume dynamics in laser ablation processes for thin film deposition of materials.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 1996/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2203
EP  - 2209
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The transport dynamics of laser-ablated neutral/plasma plumes are of significant interest for film growth by pulsed-laser deposition of materials, since the magnitude and kinetic energy of the species arriving at the deposition substrate are key processing parameters. Dynamical calculations of plume propagation in vacuum and in background gas have been performed using particle-in-cell hydrodynamics, continuum gasdynamics, and scattering models. Results from these calculations are presented and compared with experimental observations.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUMES (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14739603; Leboeuf, J.N. 1 Chen, K.R. 1 Donato, J.M. 1 Geohegan, D.B. 1 Liu, C.L. 1 Puretzky, A.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: May96, Vol. 3 Issue 5, p2203; Subject Term: PLUMES (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, S. D.
AU  - Hanson, P. J.
AU  - Edwards, G. S.
T1  - Growth and maintenance respiration in leaves of northern red oak seedlings and mature trees after 3 years of ozone exposures.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1996/05//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
EP  - 584
SN  - 01407791
AB  - A two-component model of growth and maintenance respiration is used to study the response of northern red oak (<em>Quercus rubra</em> L.) seedlings and 32-year-old trees to sub-ambient (10/μmol h; cumulative dose based on 7 h daily mean), ambient (43 μmol h), and twice-ambient (85/μmol h) ozone. The relative growth rates (RGR) of leaves sampled from seedlings and trees were similar across treatments, as were specific leaf respiration rates (SRR). Growth coefficients estimated from the SRR versus RGR relationship averaged 25.3mol CO2 kg-1 leaf dry mass produced for seedlings and 21.5mol kg-1 for trees. Maintenance coefficients ranged from 0.89 to 1.07 mol CO2 kg-1 leaf dry mass d-1 for seedlings and from 0.64 to 0-84 mol kg-1 d-1 for trees. Neither coefficient was affected by ozone. Leaves sampled throughout the growing season also showed little response of respiration to ozone. This occurred despite a 30% reduction in net photosynthesis for trees grown at twice-ambient ozone. These results suggest that growth and maintenance respiration in young northern red oak leaves are not affected by ozone and that in older leaves injury can occur without a parallel increase in so-called 'maintenance' respiration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - RESPIRATION
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - OZONE
KW  - TREES
KW  - <em>Quercus rubra</em>
KW  - air pollution
KW  - Leaf
KW  - Oak seedling and tree, red
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - Ozone sensitivity
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - Respiration
KW  - respiratory metabolism.
KW  - Tree growthand maintenance
N1  - Accession Number: 8115876; Wullschleger, S. D. 1 Hanson, P. J. 1 Edwards, G. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA  2: Tennessee Valley Authority, Cooperative Forest Studies Program, TVA Forestry Program, TVA Forestry Building, Norris, Tennessee 37828, USA; Source Info: May1996, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p577; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: RESPIRATION; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: TREES; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Quercus rubra</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: air pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leaf; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oak seedling and tree, red; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxidative stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiratory metabolism.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tree growthand maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep8115876
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carnes, Bruce A.
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
AU  - Grahn, Douglas
T1  - Continuing the Search for a Law of Mortality.
T2  - Continuando la búsqueda de una ley de mortalidad.
T2  - Poursuite de la recherche en matière d'une loi sur la mortalité.
JO  - Population & Development Review
JF  - Population & Development Review
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 264
SN  - 00987921
AB  - Scientists have long attempted to explain why closely similar age patterns of death are characteristic of highly diverse human and nonhuman populations. Historical efforts to identify a general "law of mortality" from these patterns that applied across species ended in 1935 when it was declared that such a law did not exist. These early efforts were conducted using mortality curves based on all causes of death. The authors predict that if comparisons of mortality are based instead on "intrinsic" causes of death (i.e., deaths that reflect the basic biology of the organism), then age patterns of mortality consistent with the historical concept of a law might be revealed. Using data on laboratory animals and humans, they demonstrate that age patterns of intrinsic mortality overlap when graphed on a biologically comparable time scale. These results are consistent with the existence of a law of mortality following sexual maturity, as originally asserted by Benjamin Gompertz and Raymond Pearl. The societal, medical, and research implications of such a law are discussed. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Hace tiempo que los científicos han tratado de explicar por qué patrones muy similares de muertes por edad son característicos de poblaciones humanas y no humanas altamente diversas. Los esfuerzos históricos para identificar una "ley de mortalidad" general de estos patrones, aplicables a través de las especies, se acabaron en 1935 cuando se declaró que no existe tal ley. Estas tentativas iniciales se condujeron empleando curvas de mortalidad basadas en todas las causas de muertes. Los autores predicen que si en vez las comparaciones de mortalidad se basaran en causas intrínsicas de muerte (p.ej. muertes que reflejan la biología básica del organismo), entonces patrones de mortalidad por edad consecuentes con el concepto histórico de una ley podrían ser revelados. Usando datos de animales de laboratorio y de seres humanos, los autores demuestran que los patrones de mortalidad intrínsicos por edad se superponen cuando se delinean entemente sobre una escala de tiempo biológicamente comparable. Estos resultados son consecuentes con la existencia de una ley de mortalidad luego de la madurez sexual, como lo sostuvieron originalmente Benjamín Gompertz y Raymond Pearl. Las inferencias en cuanto a sociedad, las médicas y de investigación de tal ley son examinadas. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Il y a longtemps que les scientifiques tentent d'expliquer les raisons pour lesquelles les scénarios de mortalité par âge qui sont très semblables sont caractéristiques des populations humaines et non humaines très différentes. Les efforts du point de vue historique visant à définir une "loi sur la mortalité" à partir de ces scénarios et s'appliquant à plusieurs espèces se sont terminés en 1935 alors qu'on a déclaré qu'une telle loi n'existait pas. Ces premières tentatives utilisaient des courbes de mortalité en fonction de toutes les causes de décès. Dans le présent article, les auteurs prédisent que si les comparaisons de mortalité sont effectuées plutôt en fonction des causes "intrinsèques" de décès (c.-à-d. les décès qui reflètent la biologie fondamentale de l'organisme), des scénarios de mortalité par âge compatibles avec le concept historique d'une loi pourraient fort bien émerger. A l'aide de données sur des animaux de laboratoire et des humains, ils ont démontré que les scénarios de mortalité intrinsèque par âge se superposent lorsque l'on en trace le graphique sur une échelle chronologique comparable du point de vue biologique. Ces résultats sont compatibles avec l'existence d'une loi de la mortalité suivant la maturité sexuelle, comme l'avaient soutenu Benjamin Gompertz et Raymond Pearl à l'origine. Les implications sociétales, médicales et en matière de recherche d'une telle loi sont discutées. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Population & Development Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORTALITY
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - AGE
KW  - DEATH
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - LIFE CYCLES: ADULTHOOD, AGING, AND THE FAMILY
KW  - NATURAL SELECTION
N1  - Accession Number: 9708061345; Carnes, Bruce A. 1 Olshansky, S. Jay 2 Grahn, Douglas 3; Affiliation:  1: Scientist, Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Research Associate, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago  3: Senior Scientist, Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Jun96, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p231; Subject Term: MORTALITY; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: AGE; Subject Term: DEATH; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIFE CYCLES: ADULTHOOD, AGING, AND THE FAMILY; Author-Supplied Keyword: NATURAL SELECTION; Number of Pages: 34p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kocher, D. C.
AU  - Hoffman, F. O.
T1  - Comment on "An Approach for Balancing Health and Ecological Risks at Hazardous Waste Sites".
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 295
EP  - 297
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor on an approach for balancing health and ecological risks at hazardous waste sites.
KW  - Hazardous waste site remediation
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 11839237; Kocher, D. C. 1; Hoffman, F. O. 2; Affiliations: 1: Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6480.; 2: SENES Oak Ridge Inc. Center for Risk Analysis 102 Donner Drive Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p295; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous waste site remediation; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Suter II, Glenn W.
T1  - Response to "Comment on 'An Approach for Balancing Health and Ecological Risks at Hazardous Waste Sites' ".
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 299
EP  - 299
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor on the presentation of a method that uses a common risk classification scheme to balance health and ecological risks.
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 11839238; Suter II, Glenn W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038.; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p299; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mckone, T. E.
AU  - Daniels, J. I.
AU  - Goldman, M.
T1  - Uncertainties in the Link Between Global Climate Change and Predicted Health Risks from Pollution: Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) Case Study Using a Fugacity  Model.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 393
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Industrial societies have altered the earth's environment in ways that could have important, longterm ecological, economic, and health implications. In this paper, we examine the extent to which uncertainty about global climate change could impact the precision of predictions of secondary outcomes such as health impacts of pollution. Using a model that links global climate change with predictions of chemical exposure and human health risk in the Western region of the United States of America (U.S.), we define parameter variabilities and uncertainties and we characterize the resulting outcome variance. As a case study, we consider the public health consequences from releases of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), a ubiquitous multimedia pollutant. By constructing a matrix that links global environmental change both directly and indirectly to potential human-health effects attributable to HCB released into air, soil, and water, we define critical parameter variances in the health risk estimation process. We employ a combined uncertainty/sensitivity analysis to investigate how HCB releases are affected by increasing atmospheric temperature and the accompanying climate alterations that are anticipated. We examine how such uncertainty impacts both the expected magnitude and calculational precision of potential human exposures and health effects. This assessment reveals that uncertain temperature increases of up to 5°C have little impact on either the magnitude or precision of the public-health consequences estimated under existing climate variations for HCB released into air and water in the Western region of the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Hexachlorobenzene
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Public health
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Climate change
KW  - fugacity models
KW  - health risk
KW  - sensitivity
KW  - uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 11839249; Mckone, T. E. 1,2; Daniels, J. I. 3; Goldman, M. 4; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.; 2: University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.; 3: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.; 4: University of California, Davis, Davis, California.; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p377; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Hexachlorobenzene; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Public health; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Uncertainty; Subject Term: Case studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: fugacity models; Author-Supplied Keyword: health risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, Jill
T1  - Applied Contaminat Transport Modelling: Theroy and Practice (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 439
EP  - 439
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Applied Contaminant Transport Modelling: Theory and Practice," by Chunmiao Zheng and Gordon D. Bennett.
KW  - Paradigms (Social sciences)
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Chunmiao Zheng
KW  - Bennett, Gordon D.
KW  - Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11839256; Morris, Jill 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Jun96, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p439; Subject Term: Paradigms (Social sciences); Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling (Book); People: Chunmiao Zheng; People: Bennett, Gordon D.; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dongarra, Jack J.
AU  - Otto, Steve W.
AU  - Snir, Marc
AU  - Walker, David
T1  - A Message Passing Standard for MPP and Workstations.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1996/07//
VL  - 39
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 84
EP  - 90
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a portable message-passing standard that facilitates development of parallel applications and libraries. Commercial and free, public-domain implementations of MPI have been available since 1994, running on both tightly coupled, massively parallel processing (MPP) machines and on networks of workstations (NOWs). The MPI standard was developed over 12 month period in 1993-1994 of intensive meetings involving more than 80 people from approximately 40 organizations, mainly from the U.S. and Europe. This article has concentrated on issues of programming in MPI and programming with other message-passing interfaces. MPI does not claim to be the definitive answer to all message-passing needs. MPI interface provides a useful basis for developing software for message-passing environments. A message-passing standard gives vendors a clearly defined base set of routines they can implement efficiently. MPI is used to specify the communication among set of processes forming a concurrent program.  INSETS: MPI Implementations;More MPI Assistance;Library Communicator and Caching.
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - MICROCOMPUTER workstations (Computers)
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - PARALLEL programming (Computer science)
N1  - Accession Number: 12619523; Dongarra, Jack J. 1; Email Address: dongarra@cs.utk.edu Otto, Steve W. 2; Email Address: otto@cse.ogi.edu Snir, Marc 3; Email Address: snir@watson.ibm.com Walker, David 4; Email Address: walker@rios2.epm.orn.gov; Affiliation:  1: Distinguished Professor of Computer Science, Computer Science Department, University of Tennessee.  2: Faculty, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Oregon Graduate Institute.  3: Senior Manager, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center.  4: Senior Research Staff Memberm Mathematical Science Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jul96, Vol. 39 Issue 7, p84; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: MICROCOMPUTER workstations (Computers); Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: PARALLEL programming (Computer science); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/233977.234000
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mailhes, John B.
AU  - Marchetti, Francesco
AU  - Young, Daniel
AU  - London, S.N.
T1  - Numerical and structural chromosome aberrations induced by etoposide (VP16) during oocyte maturation of mice: transmission to one-cell zygotes and damage to dictyate oocytes.
JO  - Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutagenesis
Y1  - 1996/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 357
EP  - 361
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02678357
AB  - The antineoplastic drug etoposide (ET) inhibits topoisomerase II (topo II) activity by forming a ternary complex (DNA–ET–topo II). This complex prevents the DNA-strandrejoining activity of topo II and may result in structural chromosome aberrations. Inhibition of topo II activity may also predispose cells to aneuploidy because this enzyme is needed for removing regions of DNA catenation prior to chromosome segregation. Our objectives were to study the dose response for ET-induced numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations in mouse one-cell zygotes, to compare these data with those obtained from a contemporary metaphase II (MII) oocyte study and to evaluate the sensitivity of dictyate oocytes to ET-induced aneuploidy. ICR female mice were superovulated and injected i.p. with either 6% dimethylsulphoxide (controls) or 20, 40 or 60 mg/kg ET 2 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). ICR males were paired (1:1) with females immediately after treatment. After 17 h the males were removed, and after 24 h the females with a vaginal plug were given colchicine. One-cell zygotes were harvested for cytogenetic analysis 17 h after colchicine. The percentages of hyperploid zygotes were 1.1, 5.7, 13.8 and 20.7 and of zygotes with structural aberrations were 2.5, 16.3, 37.7 and 64.7, for control, 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg ET respectively. The differences between each succeeding dose for both structural and numerical aberrations were statistically significant (P < 0.01). When the ET dose response aneuploidy data from zygotes were compared with similar data from a contemporary study involving metaphase II oocytes, the frequencies of hyperploidy were greater in zygotes than in oocytes. We conclude that when ET is administered during the preovulatory phase of meiosis, it is both an aneugen and a clastogen in mouse one-cell zygotes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mutagenesis is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Etoposide
KW  - Chromosome abnormalities
KW  - Antineoplastic agents
KW  - Mice as laboratory animals
KW  - Zygotes
KW  - DNA topoisomerase II
KW  - Aneuploidy
KW  - Chromosome segregation
N1  - Accession Number: 79237816; Mailhes, John B. 1; Marchetti, Francesco 2; Young, Daniel 1; London, S.N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Louisiana State University Medical Center, PO Box 33932, Shreveport, LA 71130; 2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA, USA; Issue Info: Jul1996, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p357; Subject Term: Etoposide; Subject Term: Chromosome abnormalities; Subject Term: Antineoplastic agents; Subject Term: Mice as laboratory animals; Subject Term: Zygotes; Subject Term: DNA topoisomerase II; Subject Term: Aneuploidy; Subject Term: Chromosome segregation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berges, John A.
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - CELL-ASSOCIATED PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES FROM MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
EP  - 574
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Despite their central importance in cell metabolism, little is known about proteases in marine phytoplankton. We surveyed caseinolytic and leucine aminapeptidase (LAP) activities in log-phase cultures of the chlorophyte Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher, the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii (Gru.) Fryxell et Husle, the chrysophyte Isochrysis galbana Parke, the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (Lohm.) Hay et Mohler, and the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. (WH 5701). LAP activity was very low at pH <6 and peaked between pH 7.7 and 8.5 in all species, whereas caseinolytic activity in most species showed only minor peaks in the pH 4-5 range and broad maxima above pH 8. Thus, acidic vacuolar proteases apparently represented only a small faction of total protease activity. Attempts to classify proteases using selective inhibitors were inconclusive. Neither the serine/cysteine protease inhibitor leupeptin nor the aspartic protease inhibitor pepstatin A inhibited caseinolytic or LAP acitivty in any species. The metalloprotease inhibitor EDTA was only effective against LAP activity in some species, causing average decreases of 30-50%, whereas the cysteine/serine protease inhibitor phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride achieved at best a 30-60% decrease in caseinolytic activity. Caseinolytic activities were remarkably stable. At pH 7.5 and 25°C, extracts of d. tertiolecta, E. hyxleyi, and Synechococcus showed no changes in activity after 24 h, whereas activity declined by less than 50% in the other species. Incubation of cell extracts for 1 h at 25°C in pH 7.5 buffer did not alter patterns of cell proteins, suggesting that endogenous proteases did not effectively degrade endogenous proteins. Casein zymograms were used to identify >2000-and <20-kDa proteases in homogenates of log-phase T. weissflogii: only the smaller protease was found in d. tertiolecta. Antibodies to the ATPase subunit (C) of the conserved, chloroplastic Clp protease from Pisum cross-reacted with proteins in Synechrococcus, D. tertiolecta, and I. galbana, but no cross-reactions were found for any species with antibodies against the ClpP subunit from either E. coli or Nicotiana. Our results show that phytoplankton contain a diverse complement of proteases with novel characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Proteolytic enzymes
KW  - Enzyme inhibitors
KW  - Marine phytoplankton
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Protease inhibitors
KW  - Cell metabolism
KW  - Clp protease; enzyme activity; marine phytoplankton; pH optima; protein degradation; protease inhibitors; proteases
N1  - Accession Number: 11016527; Berges, John A. 1; Falkowski, Paul G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven, National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p566; Thesaurus Term: Proteolytic enzymes; Thesaurus Term: Enzyme inhibitors; Subject Term: Marine phytoplankton; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Protease inhibitors; Subject Term: Cell metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clp protease; enzyme activity; marine phytoplankton; pH optima; protein degradation; protease inhibitors; proteases; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11016527
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Emergency Incident Risk Management (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 599
EP  - 599
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Emergency Incident Risk Management," by Jonathan D. kipp and Murrey E. Loflin.
KW  - Risk management in business
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Kipp, Jonathan D.
KW  - Loflin, Murrey E.
KW  - Emergency Incident Risk Management (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782723; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p599; Subject Term: Risk management in business; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Emergency Incident Risk Management (Book); People: Kipp, Jonathan D.; People: Loflin, Murrey E.; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Safety by Objectives (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 599
EP  - 599
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Safety by Objectives," by Dan Peterson.
KW  - Industrial safety
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Peterson, Dan
KW  - Safety by Objectives (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782724; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p599; Thesaurus Term: Industrial safety; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Safety by Objectives (Book); People: Peterson, Dan; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Prudent Practices in the Laboratory (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 599
EP  - 599
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Prudent Practices in the Laboratory."
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Planning
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Prudent Practices in the Laboratory (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782725; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p599; Subject Term: Laboratories; Subject Term: Planning; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Prudent Practices in the Laboratory (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Foundations of Rational Choice Under Risk (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 599
EP  - 600
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Foundations of Rational Choice Under Risk," by Paul Anand.
KW  - Social choice
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Anand, Paul
KW  - Foundations of Rational Choice Under Risk (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782726; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p599; Subject Term: Social choice; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Foundations of Rational Choice Under Risk (Book); People: Anand, Paul; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - The Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 600
EP  - 600
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "The Bloodborne Pathogens Standard," by Jon T. O'Neal.
KW  - Pathogenic microorganisms
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - O'Neal, Jon T.
KW  - Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11782727; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenneessee.; Issue Info: Aug96, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p600; Thesaurus Term: Pathogenic microorganisms; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, The (Book); People: O'Neal, Jon T.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, Frank
T1  - Gravity Models of Spacial Interaction Behavior .
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 1996/08//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 270
EP  - 271
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - Reviews the book "Gravity Models of Spatial Interaction Behavior," by Ashish Sen and Tony E. Smith.
KW  - BEHAVIOR
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SEN, Ashish
KW  - SMITH, Tony E.
KW  - GRAVITY Models of Spatial Interaction Behavior (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 4455437; Southworth, Frank 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior Development Staff, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6206.; Source Info: Aug96, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p270; Subject Term: BEHAVIOR; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: GRAVITY Models of Spatial Interaction Behavior (Book); People: SEN, Ashish; People: SMITH, Tony E.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knezovich, J. P.
AU  - Steichen, D. J.
AU  - Jelinski, J. A.
AU  - Anderson, S. L.
T1  - Sulfide Tolerance of Four Marine Species Used to Evaluate Sediment and Pore-Water Toxicity.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1996/09//
VL  - 57
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 450
EP  - 457
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article investigates the sulphide tolerance of four marine species used to evaluate sediment and pore-water toxicity by researchers from California. Hydrogen sulphide, which occurs naturally in marine and estuarine sediments, may be present at levels that are toxic to organisms used to evaluate sediment toxicity. We investigated the sulphide tolerances of four marine species that are commonly used to evaluate survival of Rhepoxynius abronius and Eohaustorius estuarius in bulk sediment and embryo development of Mytilus edulis and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus in pore water.
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Hydrogen sulfide
KW  - Marine organisms
KW  - Amphipoda
KW  - Estuarine sediments
KW  - Pore fluids
KW  - Poisonous gases
KW  - Experimental toxicology
KW  - Adaptation (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 15730285; Knezovich, J. P. 1; Steichen, D. J. 2; Jelinski, J. A. 2; Anderson, S. L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Health and Ecological Assessment Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA; 2: Energy and Environment Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep96, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p450; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen sulfide; Thesaurus Term: Marine organisms; Thesaurus Term: Amphipoda; Thesaurus Term: Estuarine sediments; Thesaurus Term: Pore fluids; Thesaurus Term: Poisonous gases; Thesaurus Term: Experimental toxicology; Subject Term: Adaptation (Biology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 08p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chandler, William U.
AU  - Evans, Meredydd
AU  - Kolesov, Alexander
T1  - Climate change mitigation: A review of cost estimates and methodologies for the post-planned economies.
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 1996/10//Oct/Nov1996
VL  - 24
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 927
EP  - 935
SN  - 03014215
AB  - This paper summarizes selected studies of the potential and cost of carbon emissions mitigation strategies in the post-planned economies. The economies of the Former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern Europe present significant opportunities and serious difficulties in energy related carbon dioxide emissions mitigation. This region in 1990 accounted for over one-fifth of global energy consumption and energy related greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide mitigation
KW  - Pollution prevention
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Greenhouse gas mitigation
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Former communist countries
KW  - Russia
KW  - Europe, Central
KW  - Europe, Eastern
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Mitigation
N1  - Accession Number: 14889569; Chandler, William U. 1; Evans, Meredydd 1; Kolesov, Alexander; Affiliations: 1: Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA; Issue Info: Oct/Nov1996, Vol. 24 Issue 10/11, p927; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Pollution prevention; Thesaurus Term: Energy policy; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gas mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject Term: Former communist countries; Subject: Russia; Subject: Europe, Central; Subject: Europe, Eastern; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mitigation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levine, Mark D.
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Martin, Nathan
T1  - Mitigation options for carbon dioxide emissions from buildings: A global analysis.
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 1996/10//Oct/Nov1996
VL  - 24
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 937
EP  - 949
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Between 1971 and 1992, growth in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from buildings varied widely by region, ranging from 0.9% per year in the industrialized countries to 0.7% per year in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union and 5.9% per year in developing countries. This paper outlines energy efficiency improvements for buildings and the overall technical potential to reduce CO2 emissions by cutting growth in energy consumption in buildings. Three scenarios of future buildings CO2 emissions in 2020 were developed. Under the business as usual scenario, buildings emissions increase 90% over 1990 levels. A scenario that involves adopting more efficient energy using practices and technologies is estimated to produce CO2 emissions 50% above 1990 levels. A scenario with powerful incentives for energy efficiency could lead to CO2 emissions 28% above 1990 levels. Much of the CO2 growth is the result of population growth and growth in energy services, especially in developing countries. Policy instruments to reduce energy use and related CO2 emissions include real increases in energy prices, aggressive use of energy efficiency policies, major programs to transfer knowledge, technology, and tools for transforming markets to the developing world and continued efforts to pursue research and development in technologies and practices to increase energy efficiency in buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide mitigation
KW  - Architecture & energy conservation
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Pollution prevention
KW  - Industrialization
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Industrial research
KW  - Science -- Social aspects
KW  - Industrial efficiency
KW  - Consumption (Economics)
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - Developed countries
KW  - Carbon dioxide emissions
N1  - Accession Number: 14889579; Levine, Mark D. 1; Price, Lynn 1; Martin, Nathan 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Program, Mailstop 90-4000, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Oct/Nov1996, Vol. 24 Issue 10/11, p937; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Architecture & energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Energy policy; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Thesaurus Term: Energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Pollution prevention; Thesaurus Term: Industrialization; Subject Term: Technological innovations; Subject Term: Industrial research; Subject Term: Science -- Social aspects; Subject Term: Industrial efficiency; Subject Term: Consumption (Economics); Subject Term: Developing countries; Subject: Developed countries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide emissions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacIntyre, Hugh L.
AU  - Geider, Richard J.
AU  - McKay, R. Michael
T1  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND REGULATION OF RUBISCO ACTIVITY IN NET PHYTOPLANKTON FROM DELAWARE BAY.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 718
EP  - 731
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Net phytoplankton (>20 μm) comprised 51 ± 9% of the total chlorophyll (chl) in a Skeletonema costatum-dominated spring bloom in Delaware Bay.  The net phytoplankton had low C:N and high protein; carbohydrate ratios, indicating that their growth was nutrient-replete.  Their photosynthetic responses were characterized by low specific absorption, low light-limited and light-saturated rates of photosynthesis, and high quantum yields, indicative of acclimation to low irradiance and internal self-shading.  High fucoxanthin: Chl ratios also indicated low light acclimation, but high photoprotective xanthophylls: Chl ratios suggested a high capacity for photoprotective energy dissipation, Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) could be activated and deactivated in response to changes in irradiance and was fully activated at the surface of the water column and fully deactivated in aphotic deep water.  Maximum Rubisco activity was correlated with Rubsico content and bulk protein content of the phytoplankton and with light-saturated rates of photosynthesis measured in short (<20-min) incubations. Long (60-min) incubations caused a decrease in the light saturated rate of photosynthesis, possibly because of feedback limitation. While feedback limitation is unlikely to occur in the water column, it should be considered when estimating productivity in well-mixed waters from fixed light-depth incubations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Delaware Bay (Del. & N.J.)
KW  - Delaware
KW  - New Jersey
KW  - United States
KW  - Bacillariophyceae
KW  - bloom
KW  - esturine
KW  - feedback limitation
KW  - fluctuating irradiance
KW  - photosynthesis-irradiance response
KW  - photosynthetic regulation
KW  - Rubisco
KW  - Skeletonema costatum
N1  - Accession Number: 11038158; MacIntyre, Hugh L. 1; Geider, Richard J. 1; McKay, R. Michael 2; Affiliations: 1: College of Marine Studies, University  of Delaware. 700  Pilottown Road, Lewes, Delaware 19958.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p718; Thesaurus Term: Phytoplankton; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Subject: Delaware Bay (Del. & N.J.); Subject: Delaware; Subject: New Jersey; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillariophyceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: bloom; Author-Supplied Keyword: esturine; Author-Supplied Keyword: feedback limitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluctuating irradiance; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis-irradiance response; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetic regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; Author-Supplied Keyword: Skeletonema costatum; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1529-8817.ep11038158
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sensen, C. W.
AU  - Klenk, H.-P.
AU  - Singh, R. K.
AU  - Allard, G.
AU  - Chan, C. C.-Y.
AU  - Liu, Q. Y.
AU  - Penny, S. L.
AU  - Young, F.
AU  - Schenk, M. E.
AU  - Gaasterland, T.
AU  - Doolittle, W. F.
AU  - Ragan, M. A.
AU  - Charlebois, R. L.
T1  - Organizational characteristics and information content of an archaeal genome: 156 kb of sequence from Sulfolobus solfataricus P2.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 191
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - We have initiated a project to sequence the 3Mbp genome of the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium <em>Sulfolobus solfataricus</em> P2. Cosmids were selected from a provisional set of minimally overlapping clones, subcloned in pUC18, and sequenced using a hybrid (random plus directed) strategy to give two blocks of contiguous unique sequence, respectively, 100389 and 56105bp. These two contigs contain a total of 163 open reading frames (ORFs) in 26-29 putative operons; 56 ORFs could be identified with reasonable certainty. Clusters of ORFs potentially encode proteins of glycogen biosynthesis, oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, ATP-dependent transport across membranes, lsoprenoid biosynthesis, protein synthesis, and ribosomes. Putative promoters occur upstream of most ORFs. Thirty per cent of the predicted strong and medium-strength promoters can initiate transcription at the start codon or within 10 nucleotides upstream, indicating a process of initial mRNA-ribosome contact unlike that of most eubacterial genes. A novel termination motif is proposed to account for 15 additional terminations. The two contigs differ in densities of ORFs, insertion elements and repeated sequences; together they contain two copies of the previously reported insertion sequence ISC<em>1217</em>, five additional IS elements representing four novel types, four classes of long non-IS repeated sequences, and numerous short, perfect repeats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Archaebacteria
KW  - Eubacteriales
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Genetic transcription
KW  - Genes
N1  - Accession Number: 21344417; Sensen, C. W. 1,2; Klenk, H.-P. 3,4; Singh, R. K. 2; Allard, G. 5; Chan, C. C.-Y. 5; Liu, Q. Y. 5; Penny, S. L. 2; Young, F. 5; Schenk, M. E. 3; Gaasterland, T. 1,6,7; Doolittle, W. F. 1,3; Ragan, M. A. 1,2; Email Address: mark@imb.Lan.nrc.ca; Charlebois, R. L. 1,5; Affiliations: 1: Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Evolutionary Biology, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada; 2: Institute for Marine Biosciences, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada; 3: Department of Biochemistry, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4H7, Canada; 4: The Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Centre Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA; 5: Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada; 6: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; 7: Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, 100 East 58th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA; Issue Info: Oct1996, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p175; Thesaurus Term: Archaebacteria; Thesaurus Term: Eubacteriales; Subject Term: Nucleotide sequence; Subject Term: Genetic transcription; Subject Term: Genes; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Pesticides in the Atmosphere, Volume 1 of the Series Pesticides in teh Hydrologic System (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 727
EP  - 727
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Pesticides in the Atmosphere," vol. 1 of the series, "Pesticides in the Hydrologic System," by Michael S. Majewski and Paul D. Capel.
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Majewski, Michael S.
KW  - Capel, Paul D.
KW  - Pesticides in the Atmosphere (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879496; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Koxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p727; Thesaurus Term: Pesticides; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Pesticides in the Atmosphere (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; People: Majewski, Michael S.; People: Capel, Paul D.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Constuction Safety Planning (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 727
EP  - 727
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Construction Safety Planning," by David V. McCollum.
KW  - Construction industry
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - McCollum, David V.
KW  - Construction Safety Planning (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879497; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p727; Thesaurus Term: Construction industry; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Construction Safety Planning (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 236110 Residential building construction; People: McCollum, David V.; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Risk Assessment for Veterinary Biologicals, Scientific and Technical Review, Vol. 14 (4) (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 727
EP  - 727
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Risk Assessment for Veterinary Biologicals, Scientific and Technical Review," vol. 14 (4).
KW  - Veterinary biologicals
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Risk Assessment for Veterinary Biologicals, Scientific & Technical Review (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879498; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p727; Subject Term: Veterinary biologicals; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Risk Assessment for Veterinary Biologicals, Scientific & Technical Review (Book); Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Energy, Environment and the Economy asian Perspectives (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 727
EP  - 728
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Energy, Environment and the Economy Asian Perspectives," edited by Paul R. Kleindorfer, Howard C. Kunreuther and David S. Kong.
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Kleindorfer, Paul R.
KW  - Kunreuther, Howard, 1938-
KW  - Kong, David S.
KW  - Energy, Environment & the Economy: Asian Perspectives (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879499; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, oak Ridge National Laboratory, oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p727; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Energy, Environment & the Economy: Asian Perspectives (Book); People: Kleindorfer, Paul R.; People: Kunreuther, Howard, 1938-; People: Kong, David S.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Forecast and Solution: Grappling with the Nuclear (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 728
EP  - 728
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Forecast and Solution: Grappling With the Nuclear," by Ike Jeanes.
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Jeanes, Ike
KW  - Forecast & Solution (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879500; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p728; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Forecast & Solution (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; People: Jeanes, Ike; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, Ellen
T1  - Human Error Reduction and Safety Management Third Edition (Book).
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 728
EP  - 728
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Reviews the book "Human Error Reduction and Safety Management," by Dan Peterson.
KW  - Errors
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Peterson, Dan
KW  - Human Error Reduction & Safety Management (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11879501; Baldwin, Ellen 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Health Sciences Research Divsion, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: Oct96, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p728; Subject Term: Errors; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Human Error Reduction & Safety Management (Book); People: Peterson, Dan; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Todd, Donald E.
T1  - Measuring stem water content in four deciduous hardwoods with a time-domain reflectometer.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1996/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 809
EP  - 815
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - New technologies in time-domain reflectometry offer a reliable means of measuring soil water content. Whether these same technologies can be used or adapted to estimate the water content of other porous media, such as the woody tissue of forest trees, has not been thoroughly addressed. Therefore, curves relating the apparent dielectric constant (Ka) to volumetric water content (g cm−3) were constructed for large-diameter stems of red maple (Acer rubrum L.), white oak (Quercus alba L.), chestnut oak (Q. prinus L.), and black gum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.). This information was combined with previously published data and a proposed “universal” calibration equation for wood was derived. Stainless-steel rods (15-cm wave guides) were inserted into 160 trees (30 to 49 per species) growing in an upland oak–hickory forest and stem water contents estimated monthly during 1994 and 1995 with a time-domain reflectometer (TDR). Volumetric water contents in April ranged from 0.28 g cm−3 for red maple to 0.43 g cm−3 for black gum, with no evidence that water content changed as a function of stem diameter. Stem water contents estimated during 1994 (a wet year) increased from May to July, reached a maximum in midsummer (0.41 to 0.50 g cm−3), and then decreased in November. During 1995 (a dry year), stem water contents for red maple and black gum (two diffuse-porous species) decreased from May to August, reached a minimum in September (0.29 to 0.37 g cm−3), slightly increased in October and November, and then decreased in December. A different trend was observed during 1995 for white oak and chestnut oak (two ring-porous species), with water contents remaining fairly stable from May to August, but decreasing abruptly in September and again in December. Stem water contents estimated with a TDR broadly agreed with gravimetric analyses of excised stem segments and increment cores, although there was evidence that overestimation of water content was possible with TDR as a result of wounding following wave guide installation. Nonetheless our results hold promise for the application of TDR to the study of stem water content and to the study of whole-plant water storage. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Hardwoods
KW  - Quercus prinus
KW  - White oak
KW  - Tupelo
KW  - Acer rubrum
KW  - apparent dielectric constant
KW  - capacitance
KW  - Nyssa sylvatica
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - Quercus prunus
KW  - stem water storage
KW  - TDR
KW  - TDR.
N1  - Accession Number: 51807867; Wullschleger, Stan D.; Hanson, Paul J.; Todd, Donald E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Oct1996, Vol. 16 Issue 10, p809; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Subject Term: Hardwoods; Subject Term: Quercus prinus; Subject Term: White oak; Subject Term: Tupelo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer rubrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: apparent dielectric constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: capacitance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nyssa sylvatica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus prunus; Author-Supplied Keyword: stem water storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: TDR; Author-Supplied Keyword: TDR.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321211 Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abramson, David
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Michalakes, John
AU  - Sosič, Rok
T1  - A New METHODOLOGY for DEBUGGING SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1996/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 77
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article focuses on relative debugging used for scientific applications and describes a particular instantiation of this methodology the relative debugger Guard and presents results of an experimental study in which Guard was applied to a large scientific code. The key idea in relative debugging is that errors in a new version of a program can be located by automated, run-time comparison of the internal state of the new and reference versions. Relative debugging appears to be particularly useful in a scientific computing context, because of the complexity of scientific models and the frequent need to adapt existing models to incorporate new physics, algorithms, or computational techniques. Authors applied Guard to a large scientific code, the MM5 mesoscale atmospheric model, and obtained very satisfactory results and used to verify that two versions of the sequential MM5 were functionally equivalent, and to isolate discrepancies between sequential and parallel versions of MM5. One important direction that will significantly increase its utility is support for the debugging of parallel programs.  INSETS: MM5.;MPMM..
KW  - DEBUGGING in computer science
KW  - DATA editing
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - PARALLEL programming (Computer science)
N1  - Accession Number: 12619920; Abramson, David 1; Email Address: D.Abramson@cit.gu.edu.au Foster, Ian 2; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov Michalakes, John 2; Email Address: michalak@mcs.anl.gov Sosič, Rok 1; Email Address: R.Sosic@cit.gu.edu.au; Affiliation:  1: Griffith University, Australia.  2: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Nov96, Vol. 39 Issue 11, p69; Subject Term: DEBUGGING in computer science; Subject Term: DATA editing; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Subject Term: PARALLEL programming (Computer science); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sigalas, M. M.
AU  - Biswas, R.
AU  - Ho, K.-M.
T1  - THEORETICAL STUDY OF DIPOLE ANTENNAS ON PHOTONIC BAND-GAP MATERIALS.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1996/11//11/1/96
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 209
SN  - 08952477
AB  - We study the reflection and transmission properties of two-dimensional (2D) photonic band-gap (PBG) materials with the use of the transfer matrix method. Then, by combining this method with the reciprocity theorem, we calculate the radiation pasterns of antennas placed on top of 2D PBG materials. The results are in good agreement with recent theoretical and experimental results in similar systems. We also compare the present method of calculating the radiation patterns with a recently proposed method where the PBG crystal is replaced with an equivalent reflection plane. We show that the present method has several advantages: for example, it can be used even for cases where the driven frequency of the antenna is not inside the PBG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIPOLE antennas
KW  - ANTENNA radiation patterns
KW  - MATRIX method (Indexing)
KW  - INDEXING (Machine-shop practice)
KW  - CRYSTAL optics
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - antennas
KW  - Photonic band-gap materials
KW  - reciprocity for radiation patterns
KW  - transfer matrix method
N1  - Accession Number: 13909222; Sigalas, M. M. 1 Biswas, R. 1 Ho, K.-M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Microelectronics Research Center, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 11/1/96, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p205; Subject Term: DIPOLE antennas; Subject Term: ANTENNA radiation patterns; Subject Term: MATRIX method (Indexing); Subject Term: INDEXING (Machine-shop practice); Subject Term: CRYSTAL optics; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: antennas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photonic band-gap materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: reciprocity for radiation patterns; Author-Supplied Keyword: transfer matrix method; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinckley, C. Martin
AU  - Rarkan, P.
T1  - SELECTING THE BEST DEFECT REDUCTION METHODOLOGY.
JO  - Quality & Reliability Engineering International
JF  - Quality & Reliability Engineering International
Y1  - 1996/11//Nov/Dec96
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 420
SN  - 07488017
AB  - Defect rates in the range of 10 parts per million, unimaginable a few years ago. have become the standard of world-class quality. To reduce defects, companies are aggressively implementing various quality methodologies, such as statistical quality control,1.2 Motorola's six sigma³ or Shingo's pokayoke.4.5 Although each quality methodology reduces defects, selection has been based on an intuitive sense without understanding their relative effectiveness in each application. A missing link in developing superior defect reduction strategies has been a lack of a general defect model that clarifies the unique focus of each method. Toward the goal of efficient defect reduction, we have developed an event tree which addresses a broad spectrum of quality factors and two defect sources, namely mistakes and variation. The quality control tree (QCT) predictions are more consistent with production experience than those obtained by the other methodologies considered independently. The QCT demonstrates that world-class defect rates cannot be achieved through focusing on a single defect source or quality control factor, a common weakness of many methodologies. We have shown that the most efficient defect reduction strategy depend on the relative strengths and weaknesses of each organization. The QCT can help each organization identify the most promising defect reduction opportunities for achieving its goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Quality & Reliability Engineering International is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUALITY control
KW  - QUALITY of products
KW  - COMMERCIAL products -- Testing
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
KW  - QUALITY assurance
KW  - STANDARDIZATION
KW  - quality: methods: strategy; focus: model: decision; characterization
N1  - Accession Number: 14488637; Hinckley, C. Martin 1 Rarkan, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9901. PO Box 969. Livermore, CA 94551-0969, U.S.A.  2: Departmens Of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University. Stanford. Ca 94305-4021. U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov/Dec96, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p411; Subject Term: QUALITY control; Subject Term: QUALITY of products; Subject Term: COMMERCIAL products -- Testing; Subject Term: PROBLEM solving; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering; Subject Term: QUALITY assurance; Subject Term: STANDARDIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: quality: methods: strategy; focus: model: decision; characterization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doebling, Scott W.
T1  - Minimum-Rank Optimal Update of Elemental Stiffness Parameters for Structural Damage Identification.
JO  - AIAA Journal
JF  - AIAA Journal
Y1  - 1996/12//
VL  - 34
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2615
EP  - 2621
SN  - 00011452
AB  - Presents an optimal update method for the correlation of dynamic structural finite element models with modal data.  Characteristics of optimal matrix update methods; Theory of optimal matrix update; Derivation of minimum-rank elemental parameter update; Computation of stiffness connectivity matrix.
KW  - STRUCTURAL dynamics
KW  - STRUCTURAL design
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MODAL analysis
KW  - MATRIX mechanics
KW  - STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering)
N1  - Accession Number: 13000997; Doebling, Scott W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Dec96, Vol. 34 Issue 12, p2615; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL dynamics; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL design; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MODAL analysis; Subject Term: MATRIX mechanics; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rashid, M. M.
AU  - Thorne, B. J.
T1  - INCREMENTAL OBJECTIVITY IN CYCLIC SHEARING DEFORMATIONS.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1996/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 863
EP  - 871
SN  - 10698299
AB  - In this paper, an example problem is presented that illustrates the importance of strong objectivity in kinematic algorithms for large-deformation finite element applications. The example problem involves cyclic simple shearing of a hypoelastic material, wherein the increments of stretch and of rotation are of comparable magnitude. It is demonstrated that two kinematic algorithms that are in common use, and which are only weakly objective, give rise to an accumulative error in the normal stress components. The error is surprisingly large, even for very small strain increments. This behaviour arises due to a coupling between the stretch and rotation increments that is exhibited by weakly objective algorithms, and is perhaps especially serious in the context of models for jointed rock and other frictional materials, in which the shear response may depend strongly on the normal components of stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - computational mechanics
KW  - kinematics
KW  - large deformations
KW  - objectivity
N1  - Accession Number: 14443767; Rashid, M. M. 1 Thorne, B. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616-5294, U.S.  2: Engineering and Manufacturing Mechanics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec96, Vol. 12 Issue 12, p863; Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: computational mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinematics; Author-Supplied Keyword: large deformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: objectivity; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watanabe, Karen H.
AU  - Bois, Frédéric Y.
T1  - Interspecies Extrapolation of Physiological Pharmacokinetic Parameter Distributions.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 754
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Three methods (multiplicative, additive, and allometric) were developed to extrapolate physiological model parameter distributions across species, specifically from rats to humans. In the multiplicative approach, the rat model parameters are multiplied by the ratio of the mean values between humans and rats. Additive scaling of the distributions is defined by adding the difference between the average human value and the average rat value to each rat value. Finally, allometric scaling relies on established extrapolation relationships using power functions of body weight. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model was fitted independently to rat and human benzene disposition data. Human model parameters obtained by extrapolation and by fitting were used to predict the total bone marrow exposure to benzene and the quantity of metabolites produced in bone marrow. We found that extrapolations poorly predict the human data relative to the human model. In addition, the prediction performance depends largely on the quantity of interest. The extrapolated models underpredict bone marrow exposure to benzene relative to the human model. Yet, predictions of the quantity of metabolite produced in bone marrow are closer to the human model predictions. These results indicate that the multiplicative and allometric techniques were able to extrapolate the model parameter distributions, but also that rats do not provide a good kinetic model of benzene disposition in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Species
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Rats
KW  - Human beings
KW  - Extrapolation
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - interspecies extrapolation
KW  - Monte Carlo parameterization.
KW  - physiologically-based pharmacokinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 11782679; Watanabe, Karen H. 1; Bois, Frédéric Y. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: Dec96, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p741; Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Thesaurus Term: Species; Subject Term: Pharmacokinetics; Subject Term: Rats; Subject Term: Human beings; Subject Term: Extrapolation; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: interspecies extrapolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo parameterization.; Author-Supplied Keyword: physiologically-based pharmacokinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, J. Arlin
AU  - Ferson, Scott
AU  - Ginzburg, Lev
T1  - Hybrid Processing of Stochastic and Subjective Uncertainty Data.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1996/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 785
EP  - 791
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Uncertainty analyses typically recognize separate stochastic and subjective sources of uncertainty, but do not systematically combine the two, although a large amount of data used in analyses is partly stochastic and partly subjective. We have developed methodology for mathematically combining stochastic and subjective sources of data uncertainty, based on new "hybrid number" approaches. The methodology can be utilized in conjunction with various traditional techniques, such as PRA (probabilistic risk assessment) and risk analysis decision support. Hybrid numbers have been previously examined as a potential method to represent combinations of stochastic and subjective information, but mathematical processing has been impeded by the requirements inherent in the structure of the numbers, e.g., there was no known way to multiply hybrids. In this paper, we will demonstrate methods for calculating with hybrid numbers that avoid the difficulties. By formulating a hybrid number as a probability distribution that is only fuzzily known, or alternatively as a random distribution of fuzzy numbers, methods are demonstrated for the full suite of arithmetic operations, permitting complex mathematical calculations. It will be shown how information about relative subjectivity (the ratio of subjective to stochastic knowledge about a particular datum) can be incorporated. Techniques are also developed for conveying uncertainty information visually, so that the stochastic and subjective components of the uncertainty, as well as the ratio of knowledge about the two, are readily apparent. The techniques demonstrated have the capability to process uncertainty information for independent, uncorrelated data, and for some types of dependent and correlated data. Example applications are suggested, illustrative problems are shown, and graphical results are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Fuzzy numbers
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Distribution (Probability theory)
KW  - fuzzy
KW  - hybrid.
KW  - stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 11782683; Cooper, J. Arlin 1; Ferson, Scott 2; Ginzburg, Lev 3; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico  87185- 0490.; 2: Applied Biomathematics, 100 North Country Road, Setauket, New York 11733.; 3: State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794.; Issue Info: Dec96, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p785; Thesaurus Term: Data analysis; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Uncertainty; Subject Term: Fuzzy numbers; Subject Term: Methodology; Subject Term: Distribution (Probability theory); Author-Supplied Keyword: fuzzy; Author-Supplied Keyword: hybrid.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palmans, Roger
AU  - MacQueen, D. Brent
AU  - Pierpont, Cortlandt G.
AU  - Frank, Arthur J.
T1  - Synthesis and Characterization of Bis(2,2'-bipyridyl)platinum(I): A Novel Microtubular Linear-Chain Complex.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 1996/12/18/
VL  - 118
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 12647
EP  - 12653
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Examines the unique lattice structure and cooperative interactions of monomeric units along the linear chain.  Factors influencing the optical and electrical properties of the crystals; Accounts on the characteristic color of the solid material; Mineralization of self-assembling lipid tubules.
KW  - MONOMERS
KW  - CRYSTALS -- Electric properties
KW  - LIPIDS
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11206956; Palmans, Roger 1 MacQueen, D. Brent 1 Pierpont, Cortlandt G. 2 Frank, Arthur J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Source Info: 12/18/96, Vol. 118 Issue 50, p12647; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS -- Electric properties; Subject Term: LIPIDS; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nowakowski, Jacek
AU  - Miller, Jennifer L.
AU  - Kollman, Peter A.
AU  - Tinico Jr., Ignacio
T1  - Time Evolution of NMR Proton Chemical Shifts of an RNA Hairpin during a Molecular Dynamics Simulation.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 1996/12/18/
VL  - 118
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 12812
EP  - 12820
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Examines the evolution of nuclear magnetic resonance proton chemical shifts of an RNA hairpin during a molecular dynamics simulation.  Improvement of the quality of structures of nucleic acids and proteins; Calculation of the intramolecular and solvent electrostatic effects of the dielectric function; Accounts on the magnitudes of ring current and intramolecular electrostatic shifts.
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11206976; Nowakowski, Jacek 1 Miller, Jennifer L. 2 Kollman, Peter A. 2 Tinico Jr., Ignacio 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Structural Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460  2: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143; Source Info: 12/18/96, Vol. 118 Issue 50, p12812; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 28 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forsythe, Chris
T1  - Human factors in agile manufacturing: A brief overview with emphasis on communications and information infrastructure.
JO  - Human Factors & Ergonomics in Manufacturing
JF  - Human Factors & Ergonomics in Manufacturing
Y1  - 1997///Winter1997
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 10
SN  - 10908471
AB  - Agile manufacturing has been promoted as a national strategy for improving industrial competitiveness. Agility refers to the capability to very rapidly go from a set of unique customer requirements to a quality, finished product. An appreciation of the human factors inherent to agile product development is pivotal to the successful integration of agility-enabling technologies, as well as the coordination of personnel working within a concurrent engineering environment. This article briefly summarizes human factors contributions to: (1) development of agile business practices; (2) design of enabling technologies; and (3) management of the introduction and fielding of new technologies and business practices. More detailed discussion is offered for human factors related to the communications and information infrastructure essential to an organization making the transition from traditional to agile product development. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human Factors & Ergonomics in Manufacturing is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - INFORMATION superhighway
KW  - TELECOMMUNICATION systems
KW  - ERGONOMICS
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13361238; Forsythe, Chris 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0829, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0829; Source Info: Winter1997, Vol. 7 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: INFORMATION superhighway; Subject Term: TELECOMMUNICATION systems; Subject Term: ERGONOMICS; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517410 Satellite Telecommunications; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Peter N.
AU  - Walker, Homer F.
T1  - GMRES ON (NEARLY) SINGULAR SYSTEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1997/01//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 51
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - We consider the behavior of the GMRES method for solving a linear system Ax = b when A is singular or nearly so, i.e., ill conditioned. The (near) singularity of A may or may not affect the performance of GMRES, depending on the nature of the system and the initial approximate solution. For singular A, we give conditions under which the GMRES iterates converge safely to a least-squares solution or to the pseudoinverse solution. These results also apply to any residual minimizing Krylov subspace method that is mathematically equivalent to GMRES. A practical procedure is outlined for efficiently and reliably detecting singularity or ill conditioning when it becomes a threat to the performance of GMRES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - LINEAR differential equations
KW  - LINEAR algebras
KW  - gmres method
KW  - iterative linear algebra methods
KW  - krylov subspace methods
KW  - residual minimizing methods
KW  - singular or ill-conditioned linear systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13213299; Brown, Peter N. 1; Email Address: pnbrown@llnl.gov Walker, Homer F. 2; Email Address: walker@math.usu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-3900; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: LINEAR differential equations; Subject Term: LINEAR algebras; Author-Supplied Keyword: gmres method; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative linear algebra methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: krylov subspace methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: residual minimizing methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular or ill-conditioned linear systems; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, Stephen
T1  - STABILITY OF AUGMENTED SYSTEM FACTORIZATIONS IN INTERIOR-POINT METHODS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1997/01//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 222
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - Some implementations of interior-point algorithms obtain their search directions by solving symmetric indefinite systems of linear equations. The conditioning of the coefficient matrices in these so-called augmented systems deteriorates on later iterations, as some of the diagonal elements grow without bound. Despite this apparent difficulty, the steps produced by standard factorization procedures are often accurate enough to allow the interior-point method to converge to high accuracy. When the underlying linear program is nondegenerate, we show that convergence to arbitrarily high accuracy occurs, at a rate that closely approximates the theory. We also explain and demonstrate what happens when the linear program is degenerate, where convergence to acceptable accuracy (but not arbitrarily high accuracy) is usually obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - FACTORIZATION of operators
KW  - FACTORS (Algebra)
KW  - OPERATOR theory
KW  - INTERIOR-point methods
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - interior-point methods
KW  - symmetric indefinite matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 13213298; Wright, Stephen 1; Email Address: wright@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p191; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION of operators; Subject Term: FACTORS (Algebra); Subject Term: OPERATOR theory; Subject Term: INTERIOR-point methods; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: interior-point methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetric indefinite matrices; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrill, W. Andrew
T1  - Verification 1995: Arms Control, Peacekeeping and the Environment (Book).
JO  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
JF  - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
Y1  - 1997/01//Jan-Mar97
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 120
SN  - 1057610X
AB  - Reviews the book "Verification 1995: Arms Control, Peacekeeping and the Environment," edited by J.B. Poole and R. Guthrie.
KW  - ARMS race
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - POOLE, J. B.
KW  - GUTHRIE, R.
KW  - VERIFICATION 1995 (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9705204806; Terrill, W. Andrew 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: Jan-Mar97, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p120; Subject Term: ARMS race; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: VERIFICATION 1995 (Book); People: POOLE, J. B.; People: GUTHRIE, R.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 873
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olshansky, S. Jay
AU  - Carnes, Bruce A.
T1  - EVER SINCE GOMPERTZ.
JO  - Demography
JF  - Demography
Y1  - 1997/02//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
SN  - 00703370
AB  - This paper reviews the literature on British actuary, Benjamin Gompertz's law of mortality and discuss the importance of his observations and insights in light of research on aging that has taken place since then. The literature related to the Gompertz equation and his proposed law of mortality is extensive. Researchers focus on what they believe represents an important conceptual and methodological development that has occurred since Gompertz's initial observations over 170 years ago. In presenting the historical work researchers have attempted to retain as much of the original language as possible to preserve the intent of authors as well as to entertain readers. Although the language of Gompertz and his contemporaries is often cumbersome. It is important to recognize that the time frames Gompertz used for his calculations encompassed the majority of the observed range of survival for humans at that time because survival beyond age 60 or 70 was uncommon. After observing similar patterns of geometrical progression in other tables of mortality, Gompertz believed he had discovered a general law of mortality that linked arithmetic increases in age with geometric increases in death rates.
KW  - MORTALITY
KW  - SOCIAL scientists
KW  - SOCIAL science research
KW  - OLD age
KW  - DEATH
KW  - GOMPERTZ, Benjamin
N1  - Accession Number: 9712235469; Olshansky, S. Jay 1; Email Address: sjayo@cicero.spc.uchicago.edu Carnes, Bruce A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 6098, Chicago, IL 60637.  2: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Feb97, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MORTALITY; Subject Term: SOCIAL scientists; Subject Term: SOCIAL science research; Subject Term: OLD age; Subject Term: DEATH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; People: GOMPERTZ, Benjamin; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martell, Mary-Alena
AU  - Rechard, Rob P.
AU  - Sanchez, Larry C.
AU  - Tierney, Martin S.
T1  - Bounding Estimates for Critical Events When Directly Disposing Highly Enriched Spent Nuclear Fuel in Unsaturated Tuff.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/02//
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 35
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This paper examines the possibility of criticality in a nuclear waste repository. The estimated probabilities are rough bounds and do notentirely dismiss the possibility of a critical condition; however, they do point to the difficulty of creating conditions under which a critical mass could be assembled (i.e., corrosion of containers, separation of neutron absorbers from the fissile material and collapse or precipitation of the fissile material). In addition, should a criticality occur in or near a container, the bounding consequence calculations showed that fissions from one critical event are quite small (< ~1020 fissions, if similar to aqueous and metal accidents and experiments). Furthermore, a reasonable upper bound of total critical events of 1028 fissions corresponds to only 0.1% of the number of fissions represented by the spent nuclear fuel inventory in a repository containing 70,000 metric tons of heavy metal (MTHM) (the expected size for the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear fuels
KW  - Radioactive substances
KW  - Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Criticality (Nuclear engineering)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - CRITICALITY
KW  - highly enriched spent nuclear fuel
KW  - NUCLEAR FUEL
KW  - Nuclear waste
KW  - nuclear waste repository
KW  - performance assessment.
KW  - Risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 8114809; Martell, Mary-Alena 1; Rechard, Rob P. 1; Sanchez, Larry C. 1; Tierney, Martin S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1328.; Issue Info: Feb97, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p19; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear fuels; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive substances; Thesaurus Term: Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.; Thesaurus Term: Heavy metals; Subject Term: Criticality (Nuclear engineering); Subject: Nevada; Author-Supplied Keyword: CRITICALITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: highly enriched spent nuclear fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: NUCLEAR FUEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear waste repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: performance assessment.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Galambos, J. D.
AU  - Holmes, J. A.
T1  - Efficient Treatment of Uncertainty in Numerical Optimization.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/02//
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 96
SN  - 02724332
AB  - We have combined the methods of probabilistic risk analysis and optimization to devise a technique suitable for the efficient treatment of uncertainties (or the effects of random fluctuations) in the designand analysis of mathematically describable processes. The key step is the approximation, by a multivariable Taylor series expansion, of the influence of random variables on the objective function. Statistical averaging of this expansion leads to a description of the objective function in terms of the moments of the random variables. Knowledgeor estimation of these moments allows the operation to be carried out using standard calculus based techniques. An example is with three variations to illustrate the use of this technique for nonlinear setsof equations and objective functions. The method presented here is applicable to process models in manufacturing, systems analysis, and risk analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Random variables
KW  - Probability theory
KW  - Multivariate analysis
KW  - optimization
KW  - process modeling.
KW  - process modeling. zation
KW  - Risk analysis
KW  - uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 8114812; Galambos, J. D. 1; Holmes, J. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Computational Physics and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge,; Issue Info: Feb97, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p93; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Evaluation; Subject Term: Statistics; Subject Term: Random variables; Subject Term: Probability theory; Subject Term: Multivariate analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: process modeling.; Author-Supplied Keyword: process modeling. zation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Heung-Rae
AU  - Dasilva, Luiz
AU  - Ford, Gary
AU  - Haddad, Waleed
AU  - McNulty, Ian
AU  - Trebes, James
AU  - Yin Yeh
T1  - A novel iterative optimizing quantization technique and its application to X-ray tomographic microscopy for three-dimensional reconstruction from a limited number of views.
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 1997/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
EP  - 213
SN  - 08999457
AB  - The iterative optimizing quantization technique (IOQT) is a novel method in reconstructing three-dimensional (3D) images from a limited number of 2D projections. IOQT can reduce the artifacts and image distortion due to a limited number of projections and limited range of viewing angles. Equivalently, by reducing the number of projections required for reconstruction, the use of IOQT can reduce the dose delivered to the specimen, simplify the complexity of an experimental setup, and consequently support the development of techniques to nondestructively image microstructures of materials. In this article, we will demonstrate the capability of IOQT to reconstruct an accurate 3D image of an object from a limited number of views, using a computer simulation and an actual 3D test pattern experiment with submicrometer features. In addition, we will introduce a promising application of IOQT to X-ray tomographic microscopy to study microbiological specimens by presenting the 3D reconstructions of the two different-conditioned human sperm cells from six projections. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 8, 204–213, 1997 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLULAR automata
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - THREE-dimensional imaging
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - iterative optimization technique
KW  - limited number of views
KW  - tomography
KW  - X-ray tomographic microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13509791; Lee, Heung-Rae 1,2 Dasilva, Luiz 1 Ford, Gary 3 Haddad, Waleed 1 McNulty, Ian 2 Trebes, James 1 Yin Yeh 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616  4: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; Source Info: Mar1997, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p204; Subject Term: CELLULAR automata; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: THREE-dimensional imaging; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative optimization technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: limited number of views; Author-Supplied Keyword: tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray tomographic microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Xuan
AU  - Ellsworth, David S.
AU  - Tyree, Melvin T.
T1  - Leaf nutrition and photosynthetic performance of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) in stands with contrasting health conditions.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1997/03//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 178
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Leaf nutrition and photosynthetic performance of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were compared between two sugar maple stands in northwestern Vermont with contrasting health conditions as indicated by annual basal area growth, degree of crown dieback, and foliar appearance. Observations made during the diurnal cycle of both stands showed no apparent leaf water stress. In both stands, leaves had similar concentrations of major non-structural carbohydrates (starch and sucrose). Over two consecutive growing seasons (1991 and 1992), we consistently observed lower leaf Ca and Mg concentrations in the declining stand than in the healthy stand. Compared with the healthy stand, lower leaf chlorophyll concentrations and apparent leaf chlorosis were observed in the declining stand, and some trees had very low foliar Ca and Mg concentrations (0.31 ± 0.03% and 0.09 ± 0.01%, respectively). Trees in the declining stand had lower light-saturated net photosynthetic rates on a dry mass basis at both ambient CO2 (Pn,amb) and saturating CO2 (Pn,sat) than trees in the healthy stand. There were significant linear correlations between Pn,amb and leaf mass per unit area (LMA) and between Pn,sat per unit leaf area and LMA. There were also linear correlations between both Pn,amb and Pn,sat and leaf N when expressed on an area basis in both stands, indicating that variation in LMA may have been largely responsible for the observed photosynthesis–nitrogen relationship. The values of Pn,amb and Pn,sat were not significantly correlated with leaf N on a mass basis but were weakly correlated with leaf Ca and Mg on a mass basis. We conclude that low leaf Ca or Mg concentrations may limit leaf CO2 assimilation and tree carbohydrate status in the declining stand. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Plant nutrition
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - Leaves -- Physiology
KW  - Basal area (Forestry)
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Sugar maple
KW  - Vermont
KW  - chlorophyll
KW  - forest decline
KW  - mineral nutrition
KW  - photosynthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 51808378; Liu, Xuan 1,2; Ellsworth, David S. 1,3; Tyree, Melvin T. 1,4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Botany, University of Vermont Burlington, VT 05405, USA; 2: Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, CA 92521-0124, USA; 3: Biosystems and Process Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; 4: USDA Forest Service, Aiken Forestry Sciences Laboratory P.O. Box 968, Burlington, VT 05402, USA; Issue Info: Mar1997, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p169; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Thesaurus Term: Plant nutrition; Thesaurus Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Thesaurus Term: Leaves -- Physiology; Thesaurus Term: Basal area (Forestry); Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Sugar maple; Subject: Vermont; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorophyll; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest decline; Author-Supplied Keyword: mineral nutrition; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ELNAGAR, GAMAL N.
AU  - KHAMAYSEH, AHMED
T1  - On the optimal spectral Chebyshev solution of a controlled nonlinear dynamical system.
JO  - IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics
JF  - IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 1997/04//
VL  - 58
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
EP  - 157
SN  - 02724960
AB  - In a recent paper we considered the numerical solution of the controlled Duffing oscillator minimize J=12∫−T0U2(τ)dτ, subject to X(τ)+w2X(τ)+ɛX2(τ)=U(τ) (−T≤τ≤0), where T is known, with X(-T)=x0, X(0)=0 by the pseudospectral Legendre method, which shows that in order to maintain spectra accuracy the grids on which a physical problem is to be solved must also be obtained by spectrally accurate techniques. This paper presents an alternative spectrally accurate computational method of solving the nonlinear controlled Duffing oscillator. The method is based upon constructing the Mth-degree interpolation polynomials, using Chebyshev nodes, to approximate the state and the control vectors. The differential and integral expressions which arise from the system dynamics and the performance index are converted into an algebraic nonlinear programming problem. The results of computer-simulation studies compare favourably with optimal solutions obtained by closed-form analysis and/or by other numerical schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations -- Numerical solutions
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - NONLINEAR dynamical systems
KW  - DUFFING oscillators
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
N1  - Accession Number: 79231706; ELNAGAR, GAMAL N. 1 KHAMAYSEH, AHMED 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of South Carolina at Spartanburg Spartanburg, SC 29303, USA  2: Center of Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr1997, Vol. 58 Issue 2, p147; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: NONLINEAR dynamical systems; Subject Term: DUFFING oscillators; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: NONLINEAR programming; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - INOUE, Tohru
AU  - CRONKITE, Eugene P.
AU  - HIRABAYASHI, Yoko
AU  - BULLIS Jr., James E.
AU  - MITSUI, Hideaki
AU  - UMEMURA, Takashi
T1  - Lifetime treatment of mice with Azidothymidine (AZT) produces myelodysplasia.
JO  - Leukemia (08876924)
JF  - Leukemia (08876924)
Y1  - 1997/04/03/Apr97 Supplement  3
VL  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 127
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 08876924
AB  - AZT has induced a macrocytic anemia in AIDS patients on long term AZT therapy. It is generally assumed that DNA elongation is stopped by the insertion of AZT into the chain in place of thymidine thus preventing the phosphate hydroxyl linkages and therefore suppresses hemopoietic progenitor cell proliferation in an early stage of differentiation. CBA/Ca male mice started on AZT 0.75 mg/ml H2O at 84 days of age and kept on it for 687 days when dosage reduced to 0.5 mg/ml H2O for a group, another group removed from AZT to see recovery, and third group remained on 0.75 mg. At 687 days mice that had been on 0.75 mg had average platelet counts of 2.5 x 106. Histological examination on 9 of 10 mice with such thrombocytopenia showed changes compatible with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). A variety of histological patterns was observed. There were two cases of hypocellular myelodysplasia, two cases of hypersegmented myelodysplastic granulocytosis, two cases of hypercellular marrow with abnormal megakaryocytes with bizarre nuclei, one case of megakaryocytic myelosis associated with a hyperplastic marrow, dysmyelopoiesis and a hypocellular marrow and two cases of myelodysplasia with dyserythropoiesis, hemosiderosis and a hypocellular marrow. Above mentioned AZT incorporation may have induced an ineffective hemopoiesis in the primitive hemopoietic progenitor cells, which is known to be seen commonly in the myelodysplastic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Leukemia (08876924) is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AZT (Drug)
KW  - DRUGS -- Side effects
KW  - ANEMIA
KW  - DYSPLASIA
KW  - MYELODYSPLASTIC syndromes
KW  - THYMIDINE
KW  - CELL proliferation
KW  - HEMATOPOIESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 34696115; INOUE, Tohru 1,2 CRONKITE, Eugene P. 3 HIRABAYASHI, Yoko 1 BULLIS Jr., James E. 3 MITSUI, Hideaki 1 UMEMURA, Takashi 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama-236, Japan  2: Cellular & Molecular Toxicology Division, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagayaku, Tokyo-158, Japan  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, N.Y. 11973, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr97 Supplement  3, Vol. 11, p123; Subject Term: AZT (Drug); Subject Term: DRUGS -- Side effects; Subject Term: ANEMIA; Subject Term: DYSPLASIA; Subject Term: MYELODYSPLASTIC syndromes; Subject Term: THYMIDINE; Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Subject Term: HEMATOPOIESIS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, R. F.
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
T1  - Effects of Acidic Precipitation and Ectomycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth, Mineral Nutrition, and Xylem Water Potential of Juvenile Loblolly Pine and White Oak.
JO  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
JF  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Y1  - 1997/04/10/
VL  - 5
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 49
SN  - 10549811
AB  - Individual and interactive effects of simulated acidic rainfall and mycorrhizal inoculation on growth and nutrient and water relations of loblolly pine (Pinus taedaL.) and white oak (Quercus albaL.) grown in a loam soil were examined. Seedlings of each species inoculated with basidiospores of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius(Pers.) Coker and Couch, a known my-cobiont of both loblolly pine and white oak, and uninoculated control seedlings received two simulated rains per week of either pH 3.6, 4.2, or 4.8 for 26 weeks. Higher acidity rainfall reduced the growth but increased mycorrhizal colonization of loblolly pine, while both loblolly pine and white oak exposed to these rains exhibited greater foliar injury. Inoculation with P. tinctoriusincreased growth and reduced foliar injury of both species. Foliar concentrations of P, S, and Cu in loblolly pine and white oak, Ca in loblolly pine, and Fe and Zn in white oak decreased with increasing rain acidity while the Al concentration of both species increased. Higher rainfall acidity also reduced soil pH and Ca and Mg concentrations while increasing soil AI. Foliage of inoculated seedlings of both species had higher N and P concentrations and lower Al concentrations than control seedlings. Following the final rain applications, a drought cycle was simulated by withholding irrigation for two weeks during which seedling xylem pressure potential and soil water potential were measured. One day after cessation of irrigation, xylem pressure potential of loblolly pine that had received pH 3.6 rains was lower than that of other treatments. Thereafter, xylem pressure potential and soil water potential of the inoculated treatment decreased below those of the control treatment in both species. These results suggest that acid deposition is detrimental to juvenile loblolly pine and white oak, but the magnitude of this effect is less than the positive response to ectomycorrhizal inoculation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sustainable Forestry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75949749; Walker, R. F. 1; McLaughlin, S. B. 2; Affiliations: 1: University of Nevada, Reno, Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV, 89512, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1059, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA; Issue Info: Apr1997, Vol. 5 Issue 3/4, p27; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J091v05n03_03
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, R. T.
AU  - Ashwood, T. L.
AU  - Sleeman, J. M.
T1  - Mercury in Hair of Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) and Mink (Mustela vison) from the U. S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1997/05//
VL  - 58
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 720
EP  - 725
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article presents a study on the mercury levels conducted on Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) in the Ridge and Valley physiographic province in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The study is to determine the mercury levels with the use of the hair in muskrats and mink inhabiting contaminated sites on the ORR and to compare these levels to those found in animals from surrounding areas. The hair was chosen to monitor mercury levels for it is easily collected from live animals and its mercury levels have been correlated to the more biologically important kidney and liver mercury levels in several species. The study reveals the muskrats are tolerant of mercury contamination that would provide potential use of muskrats and indicators of environmental contamination.
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Nature conservation
KW  - Endangered species
KW  - Muskrat
KW  - American mink
KW  - Hair
KW  - Oak Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - Tennessee
N1  - Accession Number: 15730470; Stevens, R. T. 1; Ashwood, T. L. 2; Sleeman, J. M. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505, USA; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; 3: Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee 37901, USA; Issue Info: May97, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p720; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Nature conservation; Thesaurus Term: Endangered species; Subject Term: Muskrat; Subject Term: American mink; Subject Term: Hair; Subject: Oak Ridge (Tenn.); Subject: Tennessee; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 06p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boissinot, M.
AU  - Karnas, S.
AU  - Lepock, J. R.
AU  - Cabelli, D. E.
AU  - Tainer, J. A.
AU  - Getzoff, E. D.
AU  - Hallewell, R. A.
T1  - Function of the Greek key connection analysed using circular permutants of superoxide dismutase.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1997/05//5/1/1997
VL  - 16
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2171
EP  - 2178
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Human Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a single domain all β-sheet protein with its eight β-strands arranged as a Greek key β-barrel or immunoglobulin fold. Three circularly permuted variants of SOD were made by joining the native amino- and carboxy-termini, and introducing new termini at sites originally within connections between β-strands. The locations of the new termini were chosen to interrupt β-turns between the two N-terminal β-hairpins and the short cross-barrel Greek key connection. Expression levels in the Escherichia coli periplasm were indistinguishable from that of native SOD. Reaction rates for the purified proteins were similar to those of the native enzyme, indicating that the permutants are correctly folded. Interrupting the covalent cross-bracing provided by the Greek key connection reduced the stability of the protein by ∼1.0 kcal/mol, indicating only a slight contribution to conformational stability. The experiments test and eliminate two hypotheses for folding pathways for Greek key β-barrels that require N-terminal β-hairpins or covalent attachment across the short Greek key connection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPEROXIDE dismutase
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - PROTEIN conformation
KW  - β-barrel
KW  - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
KW  - Greek key
KW  - permuted
KW  - superoxide dismutase
N1  - Accession Number: 21785626; Boissinot, M. 1 Karnas, S. 2 Lepock, J. R. 2 Cabelli, D. E. 3 Tainer, J. A. 1 Getzoff, E. D. 1 Hallewell, R. A. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Microbiology Department, Pav. Charles-Eugene Marchand, Université Laval, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada  2: Physics Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada  3: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Molecular Biology Department, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA  5: Biochemistry Department, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Source Info: 5/1/1997, Vol. 16 Issue 9, p2171; Subject Term: SUPEROXIDE dismutase; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: PROTEIN conformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: β-barrel; Author-Supplied Keyword: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greek key; Author-Supplied Keyword: permuted; Author-Supplied Keyword: superoxide dismutase; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/16.9.2171
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esposito, Franca
AU  - Cuccovillo, Franca
AU  - Vanoni, Marco
AU  - Cimino, Filiberto
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Russo, Tommaso
T1  - Redox-mediated regulation of p21waf1/cip1 expression involves a post-transcriptional mechanism and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 1997/05//5/1/97
VL  - 245
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 730
EP  - 737
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - p21waf1/cip1 gene expression is induced by DNA damage in cells with wild-type p53 and contributes to the arrest of cell growth. It was demonstrated that under many experimental conditions, including oxidative stress, p21waf1/cip1 expression can be induced through p53-independent pathways. Since most of these experimental conditions induce the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and thus its activation, we evaluated p21waf1/cip1 mRNA levels in cells exposed to an oxidative stress, induced by diethylmaleate (Et2Mal), and in which the MAPK pathway was blocked. The expression of a dominant-negative mutant of MEK, the MAPK kinase that phosphorylates and activates MAPK, and of a dominant-negative [Asn17]Ras mutant prevented the Et2Mal-induced accumulation of p21waf1/cip1 mRNA. Similarly, the expression of MEK and of [Asn17]Ras mutants decreased the 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-mediated p21waf1/cip1 induction. Furthermore, TPA-induced and serum-induced p21waf1/cip1 mRNA accumulation was blocked by pretreating the cells with the antioxidant compound N-acetyleysteine, suggesting that oxidative stress is involved in these responses. p21waf1/cip1 mRNA levels reached a maximum within 2 h of adding Et2Mal or TPA; however, the rate of trascription from a p21waf1/cip1-promoter construct did not increase during this period. In contrast, cells treated with actomycin D show an increase of p21waf1/cip1 mRNA stability after Et2Mal treatment. This result suggests that the increase in p21waf1/cip1 mRNA at early times results from post-transcriptional regulatory events. Longer exposure to TPA may activate p21waf1/cip1 gene transcription through an Sp1-dependent mechanism, while Et2Mal treatment gradually inhibits p21waf1/cip gene transcription through oxidative changes that affect Sp1 binding to DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES
KW  - P53 protein
KW  - DNA-binding proteins
KW  - MITOGENS
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - mitogen-activated protein kinase
KW  - p21waf1/cip1
KW  - p53
KW  - reactive oxygen species
N1  - Accession Number: 12941985; Esposito, Franca 1 Cuccovillo, Franca 1 Vanoni, Marco 2 Cimino, Filiberto 1 Anderson, Carl W. 3 Appella, Ettore 4 Russo, Tommaso 1; Email Address: russoto@ds.unina.it; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotechnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, USA  4: Laboratory of Cell Biology, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MA, USA; Source Info: 5/1/97, Vol. 245 Issue 3, p730; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES; Subject Term: P53 protein; Subject Term: DNA-binding proteins; Subject Term: MITOGENS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: mitogen-activated protein kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: p21waf1/cip1; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactive oxygen species; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ginsparg, Paul
T1  - Winners and Losers in the Global Research Village.
JO  - Serials Librarian
JF  - Serials Librarian
Y1  - 1997/05//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 95
SN  - 0361526X
AB  - I describe a set of automated archives for electronic communication of research information that have been operational in many fields of physics, and some related and unrelated disciplines, starting from 1991. These archives now serve over 35,000 users worldwide from over 70 countries, and process more than 70,000 electronic transactions per day. In some fields of physics, they have already supplanted traditional research journals as conveyers of both topical and archival research information. Many of the lessons learned from these systems should carry over to other fields of scholarly publication, i.e., those wherein authors are writing not for direct financial remuneration in the form of royalties, but rather primarily to communicate information (for the advancement of knowledge, with attendant benefits to their careers and professional reputations). These archives have in addition proven equally indispensable to researchers in less-developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Serials Librarian is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75421936; Ginsparg, Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Research Staff, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: May1997, Vol. 30 Issue 3-4, p83; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J123v30n03_13
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gebre, G. Michael
AU  - Brandle, James R.
AU  - Kuhns, Michael R.
T1  - Influence of rewatering and time of sampling on solute accumulation of two Populus deltoides clones.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1997/05//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 341
EP  - 346
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - We investigated effects of rehydration and time of sampling on solute accumulation in plants of two greenhouse-grown Populus deltoides Bartr. clones (Ohio Red and Platte) subjected to multiple cycles of water stress. Osmotic potential of leaves at full turgor was measured at predawn on well-watered (control) and water-stressed (conditioned) plants that had been rewatered the previous afternoon. Water-soluble organic solutes (carbohydrates, phenolic glucosides and organic acids) were determined at both predawn and midday, before and after rewatering. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant-water relationships
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Organic acids
KW  - Plant clones -- Variation
KW  - Cottonwood
KW  - eastern cottonwood
KW  - fructose
KW  - glucose
KW  - osmotic adjustment
N1  - Accession Number: 51808279; Gebre, G. Michael 1; Brandle, James R. 2; Kuhns, Michael R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831--6422, USA; 2: Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583--0814, USA; 3: Department of Forest Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322--5215, US; Issue Info: May1997, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p341; Thesaurus Term: Plant-water relationships; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Thesaurus Term: Organic acids; Subject Term: Plant clones -- Variation; Subject Term: Cottonwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: eastern cottonwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: fructose; Author-Supplied Keyword: glucose; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic adjustment; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wheeler, Timothy A.
AU  - Gawande, Kishore
AU  - Bespalko, Stephen
T1  - Development of Risk-Based Ranking Measures of Effectiveness for the United States Coast Guard's Vessel Inspection Program.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 340
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This paper describes the results of an analysis of the effectivenessof the U.S. Coast Guard's efforts to promote the safety of life and property at sea through its program to inspect large, ocean-going vessels. The effectiveness of specific U.S. Coast Guard vessel inspection activities was evaluated using risk-based metrics that linked categories of root causes of accidents to the particular inspection activities designed to reduce the risk of each root cause category. The results demonstrate a risk based ranking of USCG inspection activities. These metrics, describes as measures of effectiveness (MOEs), yield insights regarding the most beneficial areas in which to concentrate inspection resources. Insights regarding quality of vessel casualty investigation data and database design as related to risk-based importance analysis are also discussed. The MOEs constructed in this study are specific to the USCG's Marine Inspection and Boarding Program, butthe methodology of the study is based on sound theoretical principles that are probably applicable to a range of maritime safety activities. Hence the methodology applies equally to other important governmental regulatory programs and can be similarly used to measure their effectiveness and as an aid to decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Versification
KW  - Databases
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Accidents
KW  - United States
KW  - importance measures
KW  - Maritime safety
KW  - measures of effectiveness
KW  - risk.
KW  - transportation risk
KW  - United States Coast Guard
KW  - Vessel inspection
KW  - United States. Coast Guard
N1  - Accession Number: 8114838; Wheeler, Timothy A. 1,2; Gawande, Kishore 3; Bespalko, Stephen 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico.; 2: Department 6626, MS 0720, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; 3: Departments of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.; Issue Info: Jun97, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p333; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Versification; Subject Term: Databases; Subject Term: Decision making; Subject Term: Accidents; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: importance measures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maritime safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: measures of effectiveness; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk.; Author-Supplied Keyword: transportation risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: United States Coast Guard; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vessel inspection ; Company/Entity: United States. Coast Guard; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926120 Regulation and Administration of Transportation Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albrecht, Don E.
AU  - Williams, Gary
T1  - Book Reviews: Environmental Issues.
JO  - Rural Sociology
JF  - Rural Sociology
Y1  - 1997///Summer97
VL  - 62
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 283
EP  - 287
SN  - 00360112
AB  - Reviews the book "Oil in Troubled Waters: Politics, and the Battle Over Offshore Drilling," by William R. Freudenburg and Robert Gramling.
KW  - OFFSHORE oil well drilling
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - FREUDENBURG, William R.
KW  - GRAMLING, Robert
KW  - OIL in Troubled Waters (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 9710034345; Albrecht, Don E. Williams, Gary 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Summer97, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p283; Subject Term: OFFSHORE oil well drilling; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: OIL in Troubled Waters (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; People: FREUDENBURG, William R.; People: GRAMLING, Robert; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prior, S. A.
AU  - Runion, G. B.
AU  - Mitchell, R. J.
AU  - Rogers, H. H.
AU  - Amthor, J. S.
T1  - Effects of atmospheric CO2 on longleaf pine: productivity and allocation as influenced by nitrogen and water.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1997/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 397
EP  - 405
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) seedlings were exposed to two concentrations of atmospheric CO2 (365 or 720 μmol mol−1) in combination with two N treatments (40 or 400 kg N ha−1 year−1) and two irrigation treatments (target values of –0.5 or –1.5 MPa xylem pressure potential) in open-top chambers from March 1993 through November 1994. Irrigation treatments were imposed after seedling establishment (i.e., 19 weeks after planting). Seedlings were harvested at 4, 8, 12, and 20 months. Elevated CO2 increased biomass production only in the high-N treatment, and the relative growth enhancement was greater for the root system than for the shoot system. In water-stressed trees, elevated CO2 increased root biomass only at the final harvest. Root:shoot ratios were usually increased by both the elevated CO2 and low-N treatments. In the elevated CO2 treatment, water-stressed trees had a higher root:shoot ratio than well-watered trees as a result of a drought-induced increase in the proportion of plant biomass in roots. Well-watered seedlings consistently grew larger than water-stressed seedlings only in the high-N treatment. We conclude that available soil N was the controlling resource for the growth response to elevated CO2 in this study. Although some growth enhancement was observed in water-stressed trees in the elevated CO2 treatment, this response was contingent on available soil N. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Seedlings
KW  - Forests & forestry -- Irrigation
KW  - Harvesting
KW  - Longleaf pine
KW  - Labor productivity
KW  - biomass partitioning
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - Pinus palustris
KW  - resource limitations
N1  - Accession Number: 51808263; Prior, S. A. 1; Runion, G. B. 2; Mitchell, R. J. 3; Rogers, H. H. 1; Amthor, J. S. 4; Affiliations: 1: USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, P.O. Box 3439, Auburn, AL 36831-3439, USA; 2: School of Forestry, 108 M. White Smith Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA; 3: Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, P.O. Box 2324, Newton, GA 31770, USA; 4: Health and Ecological Assessment Division and Global Climate Research Division, L-256, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550-9900, USA; Issue Info: Jun1997, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p397; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Seedlings; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry -- Irrigation; Thesaurus Term: Harvesting; Subject Term: Longleaf pine; Subject Term: Labor productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomass partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus palustris; Author-Supplied Keyword: resource limitations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dietderich, D.R.
AU  - Scanlan, R.M.
T1  - Nb/sub 3/Sn artificial pinning microstructures.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 1997/06/02/
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1201
EP  - 1204
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Extension of the APC approach to Nb/sub 3/Sn requires that a second phase be incorporated into the Nb/sub 3/Sn layer. The second phase would increase pinning strength by either reducing the grain size or by the second phase pinning the flux itself. The following criteria for elements to be candidates for the APC approach are: (1) they must form intermetallic compounds with Cu or Sn and (2) they must have negligible solubility in Cu and Nb or they must be strong oxide formers. Many of the rare earth elements satisfy these criteria. To circumvent the large strains required to produce wires with a fine distribution of the second phase, film deposition techniques have been used. Critical current densities for Nb films doped with Ti and Y are about 4000 A/mm/sup 2/ at 6T and 4.2K. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIN compounds
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - NIOBIUM compounds
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC currents -- Research
KW  - artificial pinning microstructures
KW  - Conductive films
KW  - critical current densities
KW  - Critical current density
KW  - critical current density (superconductivity)
KW  - crystal microstructure
KW  - film deposition techniques
KW  - flux pinning
KW  - grain size
KW  - Intermetallic
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Nb/sub 3/Sn
KW  - Niobium
KW  - niobium alloys
KW  - Niobium-tin
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - pinning strength
KW  - superconducting thin films
KW  - Tin
KW  - tin alloys
KW  - type II superconductors
KW  - Wires
N1  - Accession Number: 93047020; Dietderich, D.R. 1 Scanlan, R.M.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA, USA; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p1201; Subject Term: TIN compounds; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: NIOBIUM compounds; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents -- Research; Author-Supplied Keyword: artificial pinning microstructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductive films; Author-Supplied Keyword: critical current densities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current density; Author-Supplied Keyword: critical current density (superconductivity); Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: film deposition techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: flux pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain size; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laboratories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb/sub 3/Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium; Author-Supplied Keyword: niobium alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium-tin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: pinning strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin; Author-Supplied Keyword: tin alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: type II superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wires; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/77.620719
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sigalas, M. M.
AU  - Biswas, R.
AU  - Li, Q.
AU  - Crouch, D.
AU  - Leung, W.
AU  - Jacobs-Woodbury, Russ
AU  - Lough, Brian
AU  - Nielsen, Sam
AU  - McCalmont, S.
AU  - Tuttle, G.
AU  - Ho, K. M.
T1  - Dipole antennas on photonic band-gap crystals—Experiment and simulation.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1997/06/20/
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 158
SN  - 08952477
AB  - The radiation patterns of dipole antennas on three-dimensional photonic crystal substrates have been measured and calculated with the finite-difference-time-domain method. The photonic band-gap crystal behaves as a perfectly reflecting substrate, and all the dipole power is radiated into the air side when driven at frequencies in the stop band. The radiation pattern is found for dfferent positions and orientations of the dipole antenna. Antenna configurations with desirable patterns are identified. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 15: 153–158, 1997. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIPOLE antennas
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - dipole antennas
KW  - finite-difference-time-domain calculations
KW  - photonic band-gap materials
N1  - Accession Number: 13448160; Sigalas, M. M. 1 Biswas, R. 1 Li, Q. 1 Crouch, D. 2 Leung, W. 1 Jacobs-Woodbury, Russ 1 Lough, Brian 1 Nielsen, Sam 1 McCalmont, S. 1 Tuttle, G. 1 Ho, K. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Microelectronics Research Center, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Hughes Electronic Corporation, AET Center, P.O. Box 1973, Rancho Cucamonga, California 91729; Source Info: 6/20/97, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p153; Subject Term: DIPOLE antennas; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: dipole antennas; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite-difference-time-domain calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: photonic band-gap materials; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Postigo, Antonio A.
AU  - Sheppard, Allan M.
AU  - Mucenski, Michael L.
AU  - Dean], Douglas C.
T1  - c-Myb and Ets proteins synergize to overcome transcriptional repression by ZEB.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1997/07//7/1/97
VL  - 16
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3924
EP  - 3934
SN  - 02614189
AB  - The Zfh family of zinc finger/homeodomain proteins was first identified in Drosophila where it is required for differentiation of tissues such as the central nervous system and muscle. ZEB, a vertebrate homolog of Zfh-1, binds a subset of E boxes and blocks myogenesis through transcriptional repression of muscle genes. We present evidence here that ZEB also has an important role in controlling hematopoietic gene transcription. Two families of transcription factors that are required for normal hematopoiesis are c-Myb and Ets. These factors act synergistically to activate transcription, and this synergy is required for transcription of at least several important hematopoietic genes. ZEB blocks the activity of c-Myb and Ets individually, but together the factors synergize to resist this repression. Such repression imposes a requirement for both c-Myb and Ets for transcriptional activity, providing one explanation for why synergy between these factors is important. The balance between repression by ZEB and transcriptional activation by c-Myb/Ets provides a flexible regulatory mechanism for controlling gene expression in hematopoietic cells. We demonstrate that one target of this positive/negative regulation in vivo is the α4 integrin, which play a key role in normal hematopoiesis and function of mature leukocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DROSOPHILA
KW  - CENTRAL nervous system
KW  - MYOGENESIS
KW  - HEMATOPOIESIS
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - LEUCOCYTES
KW  - α
KW  - 4 integrin
KW  - c-myb
KW  - ets
KW  - hematopoiesis
KW  - repression
KW  - zeb
N1  - Accession Number: 13005577; Postigo, Antonio A. 1 Sheppard, Allan M. 1 Mucenski, Michael L. 2 Dean], Douglas C. 1; Email Address: dean@im.wustl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine and Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110  2: Division of Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 7/1/97, Vol. 16 Issue 13, p3924; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA; Subject Term: CENTRAL nervous system; Subject Term: MYOGENESIS; Subject Term: HEMATOPOIESIS; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: LEUCOCYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: α; Author-Supplied Keyword: 4 integrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: c-myb; Author-Supplied Keyword: ets; Author-Supplied Keyword: hematopoiesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: repression; Author-Supplied Keyword: zeb; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/16.13.3924
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carles-Kinch, Kelly
AU  - George, James W.
AU  - Kreuzer, Kenneth N.
T1  - Bacteriophage T4 UvsW protein is a helicase involved in recombination, repair and the regulation of DNA replication origins.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1997/07//7/1/97
VL  - 16
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 4142
EP  - 4151
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Bacteriophage T4 UvsW protein is involved in phage recombination, repair and the regulation of replication origins. Here, we provide evidence that UvsW functions as a helicase. First, expression of UvsW allows growth of an (otherwise inviable) Escherichia coli recG rnhA double mutant, consistent with UvsW being a functional analog of the RecG helicase. Second, UvsW contains helicase sequence motifs, and a substitution (K141R) in the Walker ‘A’ motif prevents growth of the E.coli recG rnhA double mutant. Third, UvsW, but not UvsW K141R, inhibits replication from a T4 origin at which persistent RNA-DNA hybrids form and presumably trigger replication initiation. Fourth, mutations that inactivate UvsW and endonuclease VII (which cleaves DNA branches) synergistically block repair of double strand breaks. These in vivo results are consistent with a model in which UvsW is a DNA helicase that catalyzes branch migration and dissociation of RNA-DNA hybrids. In support of this model, a partially purified GST/UvsW fusion protein, but not a GST/UvsW K141R fusion, displays ssDNA-dependent ATPase activity and is able to unwind a branched DNA substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - DNA helicases
KW  - GENETIC recombination
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - ISOMERASES
KW  - branch migration
KW  - helicase
KW  - recombination
KW  - repair
KW  - replication
N1  - Accession Number: 13005556; Carles-Kinch, Kelly 1 George, James W. 2 Kreuzer, Kenneth N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA  3: Duke University Medical Center, Department of Microbiology and Program, Cell and Molecular Biology, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Source Info: 7/1/97, Vol. 16 Issue 13, p4142; Subject Term: BACTERIOPHAGES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: DNA helicases; Subject Term: GENETIC recombination; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: ISOMERASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: branch migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: helicase; Author-Supplied Keyword: recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: replication; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/16.13.4142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Day, David
T1  - AN EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NONSYMMETRIC LANCZOS ALGORITHM.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1997/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
EP  - 589
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - Lanczos vectors computed in finite precision arithmetic by the three-term recurrence tend to lose their mutual biorthogonality. One either accepts this loss and takes more steps or re-biorthogonalizes the Lanczos vectors at each step. For the symmetric case, there is a compromise approach. This compromise, known as maintaining semiorthogonality, minimizes the cost of reorthogonalization. This paper extends the compromise to the two-sided Lanczos algorithm and justifies the new algorithm. The compromise is called maintaining semiduality. An advantage of maintaining semiduality is that the computed tridiagonal is a perturbation of a matrix that is exactly similar to the appropriate projection of the given matrix onto the computed subspaces. Another benefit is that the simple two-sided Gram­Schmidt procedure is a viable way to correct for loss of duality. A numerical experiment is included in which our Lanczos code is significantly more efficient than Arnoldi's method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - ARITHMETIC -- Foundations
KW  - BIORTHOGONAL systems
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - biorthogonalization methods
KW  - breakdown
KW  - lanczos algorithm
KW  - sparse eigenvalue problems
N1  - Accession Number: 13213308; Day, David 1; Email Address: dday@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied and Numerical Math, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-5800; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p566; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: ARITHMETIC -- Foundations; Subject Term: BIORTHOGONAL systems; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: biorthogonalization methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: breakdown; Author-Supplied Keyword: lanczos algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse eigenvalue problems; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howell, Louis H.
AU  - Bell, John B.
T1  - AN ADAPTIVE MESH PROJECTION METHOD FOR VISCOUS INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1997/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 996
EP  - 1013
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Many fluid flow problems of practical interest—particularly at high Reynolds number—are characterized by small regions of complex and rapidly varying fluid motion surrounded by larger regions of relatively smooth flow. Efficient solution of such problems requires an adaptive mesh refinement capability to concentrate computational effort where it is most needed. We present in this paper a fractional step version of Chorin's projection method for incompressible flow, with adaptive mesh refinement, which is second-order accurate in both space and time. Convection terms are handled by a high-resolution upwind method which provides excellent resolution of smallscale features of the flow, while a multilevel iterative scheme efficiently solves the parabolic and elliptic equations associated with viscosity and the projection. Numerical examples demonstrate the performance of the method on two-dimensional problems involving vortex spindown with viscosity and inviscid vortex merger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - VORTEX motion
KW  - adaptive mesh refinement
KW  - incompressible flow
KW  - projection method
N1  - Accession Number: 13217123; Howell, Louis H. 1; Email Address: nazgul@mothra.lbl.gov Bell, John B. 1; Email Address: jbb@mothra.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p996; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: VORTEX motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: adaptive mesh refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: incompressible flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: projection method; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hovland, P.
AU  - Bischof, C.
AU  - Spiegelman, D.
AU  - Casella, M.
T1  - EFFICIENT DERIVATIVE CODES THROUGH AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIATION AND INTERFACE CONTRACTION: AN APPLICATION IN BIOSTATISTICS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1997/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1056
EP  - 1066
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Developing code for computing the first- and higher-order derivatives of a function by hand can be very time consuming and is prone to errors. Automatic differentiation has proven capable of producing derivative codes with very little effort on the part of the user. Automatic differentiation avoids the truncation errors characteristic of divided difference approximations. However, the derivative code produced by automatic differentiation can be significantly less efficient than one produced by hand. This shortcoming may be overcome by utilizing insight into the high-level structure of a computation. This paper focuses on how to take advantage of the fact that the number of variables passed between subroutines frequently is small compared with the number of variables with respect to which one wishes to differentiate. Such an "interface contraction," coupled with the associativity of the chain rule for differentiation, allows one to apply automatic differentiation in a more judicious fashion, resulting in much more efficient code for the computation of derivatives. A case study involving the ADIFOR (Automatic Differentiation of Fortran) tool and a program for maximizing a logistic-normal likelihood function developed from a problem in nutritional epidemiology is examined, and performance figures are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMETRY
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - BIOMATHEMATICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - CODING theory
KW  - FORTRAN (Computer program language)
KW  - EPIDEMIOLOGY
KW  - automatic differentiator
KW  - computational differentiation
KW  - interface contraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13216932; Hovland, P. 1; Email Address: hovland@uiuc.edu Bischof, C. 2; Email Address: bischof@mcs.anl.gov Spiegelman, D. 3; Email Address: stdls@gauss.med.harvard.edu Casella, M. 4; Email Address: stmbc@gauss.med.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439  3: Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, MA 02115  4: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, MA 02115; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p1056; Subject Term: BIOMETRY; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: BIOMATHEMATICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: CODING theory; Subject Term: FORTRAN (Computer program language); Subject Term: EPIDEMIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: automatic differentiator; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational differentiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface contraction; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kilman, David G.
AU  - Forslund, David W.
T1  - An International Collaboratory Based on Virtual Patient Records.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1997/08//
VL  - 40
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
EP  - 117
SN  - 00010782
AB  - Virtual patient records will impact health care internationally the way the Internet and the World Wide Web transformed global communications. At the same time that political and sociological conditions are causing a revolution in health care, advanced technologies promise to introduce changes even more radical. Health care has long lagged far behind other industries in adopting information technologies. More recently, pressures to better manage rising costs have generated an intense interest in how the latest computing technologies can help. Virtual patient records are virtual in the sense they provide a view of data possibly configured differently at different locations, but united together into a common format for viewing at the required time. Virtual patient records provide a user with virtual access to data possibly scattered around the world. This principle of accessing information on demand from a distributed pool of resources is analogous to the way virtual memory creates larger memory spaces by accessing supplemental storage only when required.
KW  - MEDICAL records
KW  - INTERNET in medicine
KW  - WORLD Wide Web
KW  - MEDICAL care
KW  - INFORMATION resources
KW  - VIRTUAL storage (Computer science)
KW  - INFORMATION technology
N1  - Accession Number: 12571779; Kilman, David G. 1; Email Address: kilmand@lanl.gov Forslund, David W. 2; Email Address: dwf@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Assistant Research Scientist, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.  2: Deputy Director, Advanced Computing Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.; Source Info: Aug1997, Vol. 40 Issue 8, p111; Subject Term: MEDICAL records; Subject Term: INTERNET in medicine; Subject Term: WORLD Wide Web; Subject Term: MEDICAL care; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources; Subject Term: VIRTUAL storage (Computer science); Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nijs, I.
AU  - Ferris, R.
AU  - Blum, H.
AU  - Hendrey, G.
AU  - Impens, I.
T1  - Stomatal regulation in a changing climate: a field study using Free Air Temperature Increase (FATI) and Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE).
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1997/08//
VL  - 20
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1041
EP  - 1050
SN  - 01407791
AB  - This study investigates effects of climate warming (+ 2.5°C above ambient) and elevated CO2 concentration (600 μmol mol-1) on the stomatal functioning and the water relations of Lolium perenne, using Free Air Temperature Increase (FATI) and Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE). Compared to growth at ambient temperature, whole-season temperature increase reduced leaf stomatal conductance, but only at the top of the canopy (-14.6 and -8.8% at ambient and elevated CO2, respectively). However, because higher canopy temperature raised the leaf-to-air vapour pressure difference, leaf transpiration rate increased (+28% at ambient and +48% atelevated CO2) and instantaneous leaf water use efficiency, derived from short-term measurements of assimilation and transpiration rate, declined (-11% at ambient and - 13% at elevated CO2). Nevertheless, at the stand level, growth at +2.5°C reduced transpiration due to fewer tillers per plant and a smaller leaf area per tiller. This sparser vegetation was also more closely coupled to the atmosphere and maintained a drier internal microclimate. To assess whether the stomatal behaviour observed in this experiment could be explained by prevailing concepts of stomatal functioning, three models were applied (Cowan 1977; Ball, Woodrow & Berry 1987; Leuning 1995). The latter model accounted for the highest proportion of variability in the data (58%) and was insensitive to CO2 and temperature regime, which suggests that the principles of stomatal regulation are not affected by changes in CO2 or climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOTANY
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - WATER reuse
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - SUBLIMATION (Chemistry)
KW  - LOLIUM perenne
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - <em>Lolium perenne</em>
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - climate change
KW  - elevated CO2 concentration
KW  - Free Air CO<SUB>2</SUB> Enrichment (FACE)
KW  - free air exposure
KW  - Free Air Temperature Increase (FATI)
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Lolium perenne
KW  - modelling
KW  - perennial ryegrass
KW  - stomatal conductance
KW  - transpiration
KW  - water use efficiency.
N1  - Accession Number: 8116092; Nijs, I. 1 Ferris, R. 2 Blum, H. 3 Hendrey, G. 4 Impens, I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp UIA, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.  2: Plant Environment Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, The University of Reading, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, UK.  3: Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, 11973 New York, USA.; Source Info: Aug1997, Vol. 20 Issue 8, p1041; Subject Term: BOTANY; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: WATER reuse; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: SUBLIMATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: LOLIUM perenne; Subject Term: VAPORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Lolium perenne</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO2 concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free Air CO<SUB>2</SUB> Enrichment (FACE); Author-Supplied Keyword: free air exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free Air Temperature Increase (FATI); Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lolium perenne; Author-Supplied Keyword: modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: perennial ryegrass; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: water use efficiency.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1365-3040.ep8116092
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schweitzer-Stenner, Reinhard
AU  - Stichternath, Andreas
AU  - Dreybrodt, Wolfgang
AU  - Jentzen, Walter
AU  - Song, Xing-Zhi
AU  - Shelnutt, John A.
AU  - Nielsen, Ole Faurskov
AU  - Medforth, Craig J.
AU  - Smith, Kevin M.
T1  - Raman dispersion spectroscopy on the highly saddled nickel(II)-octaethyltetraphenylporphyrin reveals the symmetry of nonplanar distortions and the vibronic coupling strength of normal modes.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1997/08/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1794
EP  - 1815
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We have measured the polarized Raman cross sections and depolarization ratios of 16 fundamental modes of nickel octaethyltetraphenylporphyrin in a CS2 solution for 16 fundamental modes, i.e., the A1g-type vibrations ν1, ν2, ν3, ν4, ν5, and [lowercase_phi_synonym]8, the B1g vibrations ν11 and ν14, the B2g vibrations ν28, ν29, and ν30 and the antisymmetric A2g modes ν19, ν20, ν22, and ν23 as function of the excitation wavelength. The data cover the entire resonant regions of the Q- and B-bands. They were analyzed by use of a theory which describes intra- and intermolecular coupling in terms of a time-independent nonadiabatic perturbation theory [E. Unger, U. Bobinger, W. Dreybrodt, and R. Schweitzer-Stenner, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 9956 (1993)]. This approach explicitly accounts in a self-consistent way for multimode mixing with all Raman modes investigated. The vibronic coupling parameters obtained from this procedure were then used to successfully fit the vibronic side bands of the absorption spectrum and to calculate the resonance excitation profiles in absolute units. Our results show that the porphyrin macrocycle is subject to B2u-(saddling) and B1u-(ruffling) distortions which lower its symmetry to S4. Thus, evidence is provided that the porphyrin molecule maintains the nonplanar structure of its crystal phase in an organic solvent. The vibronic coupling parameters indicate a breakdown of the four-orbital model. This notion is corroborated by (ZINDO/S) calculations which reveal that significant configurational interaction occurs between the electronic transitions into |Q>- and |1B>-states and various porphyrin→porphyrin, metal→porphyrin, and porphyrin→metal transitions. The intrastate coupling parameters are used to estimate the excited electronic states’ displacements along the normal coordinates with respect to the ground state and their contributions to the reorganization energy. It turns out that the |B>-state is predominantly affected by symmetric A1g-displacements, whereas the |Q>-state is subject to A2g, B1g, and B2g displacements of its equilibrium configuration. While the former is induced by the combined effect of ruffling and saddling, the latter arises from Jahn–Teller coupling within the degenerate states. © 1997 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NICKEL compounds
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 33899301; Schweitzer-Stenner, Reinhard 1; Email Address: stenner@theo.physik.unibremen.de Stichternath, Andreas 1 Dreybrodt, Wolfgang 1 Jentzen, Walter 2 Song, Xing-Zhi 2 Shelnutt, John A. 2,3 Nielsen, Ole Faurskov 4 Medforth, Craig J. 5 Smith, Kevin M. 5; Affiliation:  1: FB1-Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany  2: Fuel Science Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  3: Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131  4: Chemistry Department, University of Copenhagen, 5 Universitetsparken, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark  5: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Source Info: 8/8/1997, Vol. 107 Issue 6, p1794; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NICKEL compounds; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.474532
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parks, E. K.
AU  - Nieman, G. C.
AU  - Kerns, K. P.
AU  - Riley, S. J.
T1  - Reactions of Ni38 with N2, H2, and CO: Cluster structure and adsorbate binding sites.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1997/08/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1861
EP  - 1871
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The gas-phase reactions of nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide with Ni38 are studied as a function of reagent pressure at several reaction temperatures. Saturation coverage of the cluster is found at Ni38(N2)24, Ni38H36, and Ni38(CO)36. These saturation levels are consistent with the metal core of the ligated cluster having the structure of a truncated octahedron in each case. An alternate fcc structure derived from a 40-atom truncated tetrahedron is consistent with the nitrogen data, but not with the hydrogen or carbon monoxide results. In addition, the nitrogen uptake data indicate that the bare Ni38 cluster also has the structure of a truncated octahedron or possibly a deformed truncated octahedron. There is no indication that Ni38 has an icosahedral or polyicosahedral structure. The nature of the binding of the three reagents to the cluster is discussed. Evidence is presented that CO initially binds to atop sites, but following saturation of these sites a local rearrangement to bridge sites occurs that allows an increase in coverage to the observed saturation at Ni38(CO)36. At high reagent pressures all three reagents cause adsorbate-induced structural changes to isomers that bind more ligands and whose structures have yet to be determined. © 1997 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 33899296; Parks, E. K. 1 Nieman, G. C. 1,2 Kerns, K. P. 1 Riley, S. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Department of Chemistry, Monmouth College, Monmouth, Illinois 61462; Source Info: 8/8/1997, Vol. 107 Issue 6, p1861; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.474536
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Su-Huai Wei
AU  - Zunger, Alex
T1  - Point-ion versus density functional calculations of electric field gradients in ordered GaInP2.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1997/08/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1931
EP  - 1935
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We investigate whether the electric field gradient (EFG) at an atomic site in the unit cell of a periodic solid can be modeled via the electrostatic field gradient set up by atomic point charges outside that site. To test this approach we contrast the EFG predicted by such point-ion models for long-range ordered GaInP2 alloys with the results obtained from self-consistent all-electron calculations in the local density approximation (LDA). We first tested our LDA approach for ZnAl2O4, for which experimental data exist, finding the quadrupole coupling constant Qcc(27Al)=3.94 MHz, compared with the measured value of |Q|=3.68 MHz. Applying next the LDA approach to perfectly ordered GaInP2 (for which experimental data do not exist), we find the LDA quadrupole coupling constant Qcc=-4.83, -2.84, and 13.08 MHz for 69Ga, 71Ga, and 115In, respectively. We further find that more than 95% of these EFGs originate from the anisotropic electron charge distribution within a small sphere of radius ∼0.2 Å about the respective atomic site. Hence, the point-ion model significantly underestimates the magnitude of the EFG (and in some cases also gives an incorrect sign). The point-ion model also fails in reproducing the relative trends in the EFG as the crystal structure changes. We conclude that the point-ion model is not a viable alternative to calculate EFG in periodic covalent solids. © 1997 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - IONS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 33899288; Su-Huai Wei 1 Zunger, Alex 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 8/8/1997, Vol. 107 Issue 6, p1931; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.474544
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STAN  WULLSCHLEGER
AU  - R.  NORBY
AU  - J.  LOVE
AU  - C.  RUNCK
T1  - Energetic Costs of Tissue Construction in Yellow-poplar and White Oak Trees Exposed to Long-term CO2Enrichment.
JO  - Annals of Botany
JF  - Annals of Botany
Y1  - 1997/09/01/
VL  - 80
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 297
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 03057364
AB  - Two methods were used to estimate construction costs for leaves, stems, branches and woody roots of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipiferaL.) trees grown at ambient (35 Pa) and elevated (65 Pa) CO2for 2.7 years and trees of white oak (Quercus albaL.) grown at these same CO2partial pressures for 4 years. Sample combustion in a bomb calorimeter combined with measurements of ash and nitrogen content provided the primary method of estimating tissue construction costs (WG; g glucose g−1dry mass). These values were compared with a second, simpler method in which cost estimates were derived from tissue ash, carbon and nitrogen content (VG). Estimates of WGwere lower for leaves, branches and roots of yellow-poplar and for leaves of white oak grown at elevated compared with ambient CO2partial pressures. These CO2-induced differences in WGranged from 3.7% in yellow-poplar roots to 2.1% in white oak leaves. Only in the case of yellow-poplar leaves, however, were differences in VGobserved between CO2treatments. Leaf VGwas 1.46 g glucose g−1dry mass in ambient-grown trees compared with 1.41 g glucose g−1dry mass for CO2-enriched trees. Although paired-estimates of WGand VGclustered about a 1:1 line for leaves and branches, estimates of VGwere consistently lower than WGfor stems and roots. Construction costs per unit leaf area were 95 g glucose m−2for yellow-poplar trees grown at ambient CO2and 106 g glucose m−2for trees grown at elevated CO2partial pressures. No differences in area-based construction costs were observed for white oak. Whole-plant energy content was 1220 g glucose per tree in ambient-grown white oak compared with 2840 g glucose per tree for those grown at elevated CO2partial pressures. These differences were driven largely by CO2-induced changes in total biomass. We conclude that while construction costs were lower at elevated CO2partial pressures, the magnitude of this response argues against an increased efficiency of carbon use in the growth processes of trees exposed to CO2enrichment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Botany is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 44659068; STAN  WULLSCHLEGER 1; R.  NORBY 1; J.  LOVE 1; C.  RUNCK 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Vol. 80 Issue 3, p289; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Almgren, Ann S.
AU  - Bell, John B.
AU  - Colella, Phillip
AU  - Marthaler, Tyler
T1  - A CARTESIAN GRID PROJECTION METHOD FOR THE INCOMPRESSIBLE EULER EQUATIONS IN COMPLEX GEOMETRIES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1997/09//
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1289
EP  - 1309
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Many problems in fluid dynamics require the representation of complicated internal or external boundaries of the flow. Here we present a method for calculating time-dependent incompressible inviscid flow which combines a projection method with a \Cartesian grid" approach for representing geometry. In this approach, the body is represented as an interface embedded in a regular Cartesian mesh. The advection step is based on a Cartesian grid algorithm for compressible flow, in which the discretization of the body near the flow uses a volume-of-fluid representation. A redistribution procedure is used to eliminate time-step restrictions due to small cells where the boundary intersects the mesh. The projection step uses an approximate projection based on a Cartesian grid method for potential flow. The method incorporates knowledge of the body through volume and area fractions along with certain other integrals over the mixed cells. Convergence results are given for the projection itself and for the time-dependent algorithm in two dimensions. The method is also demonstrated on flow past a half-cylinder with vortex shedding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - EULER products
KW  - RATIONAL numbers
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Cartesian grid
KW  - incompressible Euler equations
KW  - projection method
N1  - Accession Number: 13217473; Almgren, Ann S. 1; Email Address: ASAlmgren@lbl.gov Bell, John B. 1 Colella, Phillip 1 Marthaler, Tyler 2; Email Address: tyler@barkley.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mail Stop 50D, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p1289; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: EULER products; Subject Term: RATIONAL numbers; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cartesian grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: incompressible Euler equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: projection method; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simon, Horst D.
AU  - Shang-Hua Teng
T1  - HOW GOOD IS RECURSIVE BISECTION?
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1997/09//
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1436
EP  - 1445
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - The most commonly used p-way partitioning method is recursive bisection (RB). It first divides a graph or a mesh into two equal-sized pieces, by a "good" bisection algorithm, and then recursively divides the two pieces. Ideally, we would like to use an optimal bisection algorithm. Because the optimal bisection problem that partitions a graph into two equal-sized subgraphs to minimize the number of edges cut is NP-complete, practical RB algorithms use more efficient heuristics in place of an optimal bisection algorithm. Most such heuristics are designed to find the best possible bisection within allowed time. We show that the RB method, even when an optimal bisection algorithm is assumed, may produce a p-way partition that is very far way from the optimal one. Our negative result is complemented by two positive ones: first we show that for some important classes of graphs that occur in practical applications, such as well-shaped finite-element and finite-difference meshes, RB is within a constant factor of the optimal one \almost always." Second, we show that if the balance condition is relaxed so that each block in the p-way partition is bounded by 2n/p, where n is the number of vertices of the graph, then a modified RB finds an approximately balanced p-way partition whose cost is within an O(log p) factor of the cost of the optimal p-way partition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - communication cost
KW  - data and computation mapping on parallel machines
KW  - load balancing
KW  - mesh partitioning
KW  - parallel processing
KW  - recursive bisection
KW  - scalable parallel algorithms
KW  - well-shaped finite-element and finite-difference meshes
N1  - Accession Number: 13217536; Simon, Horst D. 1; Email Address: simon@nersc.gov Shang-Hua Teng 2; Email Address: steng@cs.umn.edu; Affiliation:  1: NERSC Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 50B/4230, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p1436; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: communication cost; Author-Supplied Keyword: data and computation mapping on parallel machines; Author-Supplied Keyword: load balancing; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: recursive bisection; Author-Supplied Keyword: scalable parallel algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: well-shaped finite-element and finite-difference meshes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bai, Z.
AU  - Demmel, J.
AU  - Dongarra, J.
AU  - Petitet, A.
AU  - Robinson, H.
AU  - Stanley, K.
T1  - THE SPECTRAL DECOMPOSITION OF NONSYMMETRIC MATRICES ON DISTRIBUTED MEMORY PARALLEL COMPUTERS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1997/09//
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1446
EP  - 1461
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - The implementation and performance of a class of divide-and-conquer algorithms for computing the spectral decomposition of nonsymmetric matrices on distributed memory parallel computers are studied in this paper. After presenting a general framework, we focus on a spectral divide-and-conquer (SDC) algorithm with Newton iteration. Although the algorithm requires several times as many floating point operations as the best serial QR algorithm, it can be simply constructed from a small set of highly parallelizable matrix building blocks within Level 3 basic linear algebra subroutines (BLAS). Efficient implementations of these building blocks are available on a wide range of machines. In some ill-conditioned cases, the algorithm may lose numerical stability, but this can easily be detected and compensated for. The algorithm reached 31% efficiency with respect to the underlying PUMMA matrix multiplication and 82% efficiency with respect to the underlying ScaLAPACK matrix inversion on a 256 processor Intel Touchstone Delta system, and 41% efficiency with respect to the matrix multiplication in CMSSL on a 32 node Thinking Machines CM-5 with vector units. Our performance model predicts the performance reasonably accurately. To take advantage of the geometric nature of SDC algorithms, we have designed a graphical user interface to let the user choose the spectral decomposition according to specified regions in the complex plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR algebras
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - NONSYMMETRIC matrices
KW  - SUBROUTINES (Computer programs)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - eigenvalue problem
KW  - invariant subspaces
KW  - nonsymmetric matrices
KW  - parallelizable
KW  - ScaLAPACK
KW  - spectral decomposition
KW  - spectral divide-and-conquer
N1  - Accession Number: 13217403; Bai, Z. 1; Email Address: bai@ms.uky.edu Demmel, J. 2; Email Address: demmel@cs.berkeley.edu Dongarra, J. 3,4; Email Address: dongarra@cs.utk.edu Petitet, A. 3 Robinson, H. 5 Stanley, K. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506  2: Computer Science Division and Mathematics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  3: Department of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996  4: Mathematical Sciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  5: Department of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  6: Computer Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 1997, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p1446; Subject Term: LINEAR algebras; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: NONSYMMETRIC matrices; Subject Term: SUBROUTINES (Computer programs); Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvalue problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: invariant subspaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonsymmetric matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallelizable; Author-Supplied Keyword: ScaLAPACK; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral divide-and-conquer; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Nero Jr., Anthony V.
T1  - Breast Cancer, Radon, and Brassieres???
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 525
EP  - 526
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor discussing the risks associated with breast cancer.
KW  - Letters to the editor
KW  - Breast cancer
N1  - Accession Number: 15108485; Nero Jr., Anthony V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Building 90-Room 3058 Berkeley, California 94720; Issue Info: Oct97, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p525; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Subject Term: Breast cancer; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, David E.
AU  - Metz, William C.
T1  - The Effect of Decisions About Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage on Residential Property Values.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 571
EP  - 582
SN  - 02724332
AB  - National, regional, state, and local surveys have revealed that people have intensely negative images of 'nuclear' and 'radioactive' technologies, activities, and facilities, as well as associated fears of stigmatization. In light of these perceptions, the debate over where to temporarily store or permanently dispose of spent nuclear fuel (atthe reactor site, an interim storage facility, or a permanent repository) provokes immense concern among possible host jurisdictions. To address these concerns, one needs to know if people's subjective opinions conform with the choices they make and are therefore reflected in their economic behavior. Argonne National Laboratory researchers used a hedonic model to complete a study of residential property value dynamics over a 5-year period within a 15-mile radius of two California nuclear power plants. They tracked the economic ramifications of decisions about the spent nuclear fuel stored at those reactors. The study revealed that no significant negative effects on residential property values resulted from a decision to move spent nuclear fuel fromwet storage to a dry-cask storage facility or from a request to extend the reactor operating permit (given future changes in the type of nuclear fuel storage facility that would accompany such an extension). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear fuels
KW  - Power plants
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Storage facilities
KW  - Nuclear hazards insurance
KW  - behavior.
KW  - Congress
KW  - Economics
KW  - Fuel storage
KW  - Human behavior
KW  - Perception
KW  - perceptions
KW  - residential property
KW  - Residential property value
KW  - Risk
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - spent nuclear fuel
N1  - Accession Number: 8114869; Clark, David E. 1; Metz, William C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Decision and Information Sciences Division, Bldg. 900, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; 2: Department of Economics, Marquette University, Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881.; Issue Info: Oct97, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p571; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear fuels; Thesaurus Term: Power plants; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Subject Term: Storage facilities; Subject Term: Nuclear hazards insurance; Author-Supplied Keyword: behavior.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Congress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Economics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perception; Author-Supplied Keyword: perceptions; Author-Supplied Keyword: residential property; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residential property value; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: spent nuclear fuel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, K. M.
AU  - Cunningham, G. S.
AU  - Mckee, R. J.
T1  - Uncertainty assessment for reconstructions based on deformable geometry.
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 1997/11//
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 506
EP  - 512
SN  - 08999457
AB  - Deformable geometric models can be used in the context of Bayesian analysis to solve ill-posed tomographic reconstruction problems. The uncertainties associated with a Bayesian analysis may be assessed by generating a set of random samples from the posterior, which may be accomplished using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique. We demonstrate the combination of these techniques for a reconstruction of a two-dimensional object from two orthogonal noisy projections. The reconstructed object is modeled in terms of a deformable geometrically defined boundary with a uniform interior density yielding a nonlinear reconstruction problem. We show how an MCMC sequence can be used to estimate uncertainties in the location of the edge of the reconstructed object. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 8, 506–512, 1997 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - MEDICAL technology
N1  - Accession Number: 13509834; Hanson, K. M. 1 Cunningham, G. S. 1 Mckee, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS P940, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: Nov97, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p506; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MEDICAL technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakshaug, E.
AU  - Bricaud, A.
AU  - Dandonneau, Y.
AU  - Falkowski, P. G.
AU  - Kiefer, D. A.
AU  - Legendre, L.
AU  - Morel, A.
AU  - Parslow, J.
AU  - Takahashi, M.
T1  - Parameters of photosynthesis: definitions, theory and interpretation of results.
JO  - Journal of Plankton Research
JF  - Journal of Plankton Research
Y1  - 1997/11//
VL  - 19
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1637
EP  - 1670
SN  - 01427873
AB  - A global assessment of carbon flux in the world ocean is one of the major undertakings of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS). This has to be undertaken using historical in situ data of primary productivity. As required by the temporal and spatial scales involved in a global study, it can be conveniently done by combining, through appropriate models, remotely sensed information (chlorophyll a, temperature) with basic information about the parameters related to the carbon uptake by phytoplanktonic algae. This requires a better understanding as well as a more extended knowledge of these parameters which govern the radiative energy absorption and utilization by algae in photosynthesis. The measurement of the photosynthetic response of algae [ photosynthesis (P) versus it-radiance (E) curves], besides being less shiptime consuming than in situ primary production experiments, allows the needed parameters to be derived and systematically studied as a function of the physical, chemical and ecological conditions. The aim of the present paper is to review the sig nificance of these parameters, especially in view of their introduction into models, to analyze the causes of their variations in the light of physiological considerations, and finally to provide methodo logical recommendations for meaningful determinations, and interpretation, of the data resulting from P versus E determinations. Of main concern are the available and usable irradiance, the chloro phyll a-specific absorption capabilities of the algae, the maximum light utilization coefficient (cs), the maximum quantum yield (φm)( the maximum photosynthetic rate (Pm) and the light saturation index (EL). The potential of other, non-intrusive, approaches, such as the stimulated variable fluorescence, or the sun-induced natural fluorescence techniques is also examined. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Plankton Research is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 79237364; Sakshaug, E. 1; Bricaud, A. 2; Dandonneau, Y. 3; Falkowski, P. G. 4; Kiefer, D. A. 5; Legendre, L. 6; Morel, A. 2; Parslow, J. 7; Takahashi, M. 8; Affiliations: 1: Trondhjem Biological Station, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Bynesvegen 46, N-7018 Trondheim, Norway; 2: Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Marines BP 8, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer; 3: LODYC, Université Pierre et Marie Curie 4, Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France; 4: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upon, NY 11973; 5: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California University Park Los Angeles, CA 90080-0371, USA; 6: Département de biologie, Université Laval Qéubec, QC G1K 7P4, Canada; 7: Division of Fisheries, CSIRO PO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; 8: Department of Biology, University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153, Japan; Issue Info: Nov1997, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p1637; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dichtl, Bernhard
AU  - Stevens, Audrey
AU  - Tollervey, David
T1  - Lithium toxicity in yeast is due to the inhibition of RNA processing enzymes.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1997/12//12/1/97
VL  - 16
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7184
EP  - 7195
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Hal2p is an enzyme that converts pAp (adenosine 3′,5′ bisphosphate), a product of sulfate assimilation, into 5′ AMP and Pi. Overexpression of Hal2p confers lithium resistance in yeast, and its activity is inhibited by submillimolar amounts of Li+ in vitro. Here we report that pAp accumulation in HAL2 mutants inhibits the 5′→3′ exoribonucleases Xrn1p and Rat1p. Li treatment of a wild-type yeast strain also inhibits the exonucleases, as a result of pAp accumulation due to inhibition of Hal2p; 5′ processing of the 5.8S rRNA and snoRNAs, degradation of pre-rRNA spacer fragments and mRNA turnover are inhibited. Lithium also inhibits the activity of RNase MRP by a mechanism which is not mediated by pAp. A mutation in the RNase MRP RNA confers Li+ hypersensitivity and is synthetically lethal with mutations in either HAL2 or XRN1. We propose that Li toxicity in yeast is due to synthetic lethality evoked between Xrn1p and RNase MRP. Similar mechanisms may contribute to the effects of Li+ on development and in human neurobiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - TOXICITY testing
KW  - YEAST
KW  - RNA
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - RIBONUCLEASES
KW  - EXONUCLEASES
KW  - exonucleases
KW  - lithium
KW  - rna processing
KW  - rnase mrp
KW  - sulfate assimilation
N1  - Accession Number: 13005879; Dichtl, Bernhard 1,2 Stevens, Audrey 3 Tollervey, David 1,2; Email Address: D.Tollervey@ed.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: EMBL, Gene Expression Programme, Postfach, Heidelberg, Germany  2: Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Swann Building, Kings Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 12/1/97, Vol. 16 Issue 23, p7184; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: TOXICITY testing; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: RIBONUCLEASES; Subject Term: EXONUCLEASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: exonucleases; Author-Supplied Keyword: lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: rna processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: rnase mrp; Author-Supplied Keyword: sulfate assimilation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/16.23.7184
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lucas, Joe N.
T1  - Chromosome Translocations: A Biomarker for RetrospectiveBiodosimetry.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements
Y1  - 1997/12//Dec97 Supplement 6
VL  - 105
M3  - Article
SP  - 1433
EP  - 1436
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 10780475
AB  - We discuss here the results from our studies demonstrating that simple translocations detected by chromosome painting can be used to reconstruct radiation doses for workers exposed within the dose limits and for individuals with past exposure. To be useful, a biomarker for exposure and risk assessment should employ an end point that is highly quantitative, stable over time, and relevant to human risk. Recent advances in chromosome staining using fluorescence in situ hybridization facilitate fast and reliable measurement of simple translocations, a type of DNA damage linked both to prior clastogenic exposure and to risk. In contrast to other biomarkers available, the frequency of simple translocations in individuals exposed to whole-body radiation is stable over time postexposure, has little interindividual variability, and can be measured accurately at low frequencies. -- Environ Health Perspect 105(Suppl 6): 1433-1436 (1997). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements is the property of Superintendent of Documents and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Nucleic acids
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Biochemical markers
KW  - Chromosomes -- Analysis
KW  - Fluorescence in situ hybridization
KW  - Biochemical genetics
KW  - chromosome translocation
KW  - fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
KW  - ionizing radiation
KW  - stability of translocations
N1  - Accession Number: 13036396; Lucas, Joe N. 1; Email Address: lucas1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551; Issue Info: Dec97 Supplement 6, Vol. 105, p1433; Thesaurus Term: Genetics; Thesaurus Term: Mutation (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Nucleic acids; Thesaurus Term: DNA damage; Thesaurus Term: Biochemical markers; Subject Term: Chromosomes -- Analysis; Subject Term: Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Subject Term: Biochemical genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromosome translocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); Author-Supplied Keyword: ionizing radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: stability of translocations; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3337
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Kostuk, Joanne M.
AU  - Gibbs, Mitchell H.
AU  - Napolitano, Guillermo E.
AU  - Wicker, Linda F.
AU  - Richmond, Jacqueline E.
AU  - Stewart, Arthur J.
T1  - MULTISPECIES TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF COMPOST PRODUCED IN BIOREMEDIATION OF AN EXPLOSIVES-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 1997/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2529
EP  - 2537
SN  - 07307268
AB  - A multispecies terrestrial test system was used to assess the environmental effectiveness of composting for bioremediation of explosives-contaminated soils. The assessment involved comparing biological responses, from the individual to the community level, in remediated and reference composts. A 6-month greenhouse study incorporated two soil invertebrate species, three plant species and an associated symbiont, and the naturally occurring complement of soil microorganisms. Measured parameters included growth and reproduction of earthworms and isopods; soil mite diversity; soil lipid class composition as an indicator of soil microbial community structure; plant growth, photosynthesis, and reproduction; and root nodulation and symbiotic N2 fixation. Additional short-term toxicity tests of seed germination and earthworm survival were performed to supplement the mesocosm data. Compost prepared from the explosives-contaminated soil inhibited several aspects of plant growth and physiology, but few adverse effects on soil invertebrates were detected. An initial lag in earthworm and isopod reproduction occurred in the reference compost, reflecting some inherent compost differences not associated with contamination, and highlighting the importance and the difficulty of finding appropriate reference soils for assessing hazardous waste sites or remediation technologies. Nonetheless, the results from this study suggested some nonlethal effects from the contaminated-soil compost, primarily to plants. The mesocosm methodology used in this study can bridge the gap between traditional short-term toxicity testing and longer term field assessments, and provide information on ecological effects by explicitly including measurements of multiple species across several levels of ecological organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOREMEDIATION
KW  - SOILS
KW  - INVERTEBRATES
KW  - PLANT species
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - EARTHWORMS
KW  - Composting technology
KW  - Explosives bioremediation
KW  - Risk-based decisions
KW  - Soil mesocosms
KW  - Soil toxicity testing
N1  - Accession Number: 15890135; Gunderson, Carla A. 1 Kostuk, Joanne M. 2 Gibbs, Mitchell H. 3 Napolitano, Guillermo E. 1 Wicker, Linda F. 1 Richmond, Jacqueline E. 1 Stewart, Arthur J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA  2: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA  3: University of Tennessee Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 10515 Research Drive, Suite 300, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2575, USA; Source Info: Dec1997, Vol. 16 Issue 12, p2529; Subject Term: BIOREMEDIATION; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: INVERTEBRATES; Subject Term: PLANT species; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: EARTHWORMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composting technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosives bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk-based decisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil mesocosms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil toxicity testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bishop, Jack B.
AU  - Morris, Richard W.
AU  - Seely, John C.
AU  - Hughes, Lori A.
AU  - Cain, K. T.
AU  - Generoso, Walderico M.
T1  - Alterations in the Reproductive Patterns of Female Mice Exposed to Xenobiotics1.
JO  - Fundamental & Applied Toxicology
JF  - Fundamental & Applied Toxicology
Y1  - 1997/12//
VL  - 40
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 204
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02720590
AB  - Chemicals, by virtue of their varied interactions with biological molecules, are expected to differ in the way they may alter female reproduction. Reproductive toxicity may reflect effects either on the female germ cells or on various maternal processes such as ovulation, implantation, pregnancy, and parturition. In either case, the ultimate manifestation of chemical toxicity on female reproduction is a decrease in the number of normal young born. Very little information is available on the effects of chemicals that are nonhormonal in nature on the long-term ability of treated females to produce offspring. This report presents the results of long-term female total reproductive capacity (TRC) tests on 29 chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and alkylating and industrial agents. For each chemical, the minimum test involved an evaluation of the maximum tolerated dose administered as a single intraperitoneal injection. Females were single-pair mated with an untreated male for most of the female's reproductive life span (a minimum of 347 days posttreatment) and scored for the number of live births produced during this period. Confirmatory dominant lethal experiments or histological examinations for numbers of small follicles were carried out when mutagenic effects or cytotoxicity, respectively, were suspected as the basis for reduced fertility. Of the 29 chemicals studied, 17 had reproductive effects which may be grouped into one of three classes: (1) those that reduced the total number of young and litters per female, (2) those that reduced the total number of young but not of litters, and (3) those that had no significant effect on the total number of young produced but reduced the size of the first and/or second litters. The TRC provides a capacity for detecting a range of toxic insults upon female reproduction. Many of the chemicals were indeed shown to affect the reproductive performance of females through mutagenic and/or cytotoxic effects on follicles. In some cases, however, no causative mechanism could be identified for the observed reduction in reproductive performance. Nevertheless, with this report the number of chemicals tested by this TRC procedure has been quadrupled and the categories of chemicals tested have been substantially broadened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fundamental & Applied Toxicology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Toxicological chemistry
KW  - Mice as laboratory animals
KW  - Female reproductive organs
KW  - Fertility
KW  - Mutagenesis
KW  - female mice
KW  - fertility
KW  - follicles
KW  - litter size
KW  - oocytes
KW  - ovarian histology
KW  - reproductive toxicology
N1  - Accession Number: 82422194; Bishop, Jack B. 1; Morris, Richard W. 2; Seely, John C. 3; Hughes, Lori A. 4; Cain, K. T. 4; Generoso, Walderico M. 4; Affiliations: 1: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park North Carolina 27709; 2: † Analytical Sciences, Inc.; 3: ‡ PATHCO, Inc., Research Triangle Park North Carolina 27709; 4: ‡ Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Issue Info: 1997, Vol. 40 Issue 2, p191; Thesaurus Term: Xenobiotics; Thesaurus Term: Toxicological chemistry; Subject Term: Mice as laboratory animals; Subject Term: Female reproductive organs; Subject Term: Fertility; Subject Term: Mutagenesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: female mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: fertility; Author-Supplied Keyword: follicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: litter size; Author-Supplied Keyword: oocytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: ovarian histology; Author-Supplied Keyword: reproductive toxicology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gore, Bryan F.
AU  - Dukelow Jr., James S.
AU  - Mitts, Timothy M.
AU  - Nicholson, Wesley L.
T1  - Conservatism of the Accident Sequence Evaluation Program HRA Procedure.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1997/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 787
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This paper presents a limited assessment of the conservatism of the Accident Sequence Evaluation Program (ASEP) human reliability analysis (HRA) procedure described in NUREG/CR-4772. The data for this studyare derived from simulator examination reports from the NRC requalification examination cycle for nuclear power plant operators. The ASEPprocedure was used to estimate human error probability (HEP) values for critical tasks, and the HEP results were compared with the failure rates observed in the examinations. The ASEP procedure was applied by PNNL operator license examiners who supplemented the limited information in the examination reports with expert judgment based upon their extensive simulator examination experience. Comparison of the average of the ASEP HEP values with the fraction of the population actually failed and demonstrated that the ASEP HEP values are larger (conservative) by a statistically significant average factor of two. Partitioning of tasks into subgroups based on the ASEP HEP values and comparison of the subgroup average ASEP HEP values with observed subgroup failure rates showed little or no conservatism for small ASEP HEP values, but considerable conservatism for larger ASEP HEP values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEALTH
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Nuclear power plants
KW  - Nuclear power plants
KW  - EMPLOYEES
KW  - Reliability (Personality trait)
KW  - Nuclear power plant operators
KW  - Human error
KW  - Accident sequence evaluation program
KW  - Accident Sequence Evaluation Program HRA
KW  - ASEP
KW  - Conservationism
KW  - HRA
KW  - Human reliability analysis
KW  - Nuclear power plant
KW  - operator licensing examination
KW  - Requalification evaluation
KW  - requalification examination
KW  - Safety
KW  - Simulator evaluation
KW  - simulator examination.
N1  - Accession Number: 8114879; Gore, Bryan F. 1; Dukelow Jr., James S. 1; Mitts, Timothy M. 2; Nicholson, Wesley L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; 2: Tektronics, Inc., P.O. Box 1000, Wilsonville, Oregon 97070; 3: Statistical Sciences and Applications, 1706 April Loop, Richland, Washington 99352; Issue Info: Dec97, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p781; Thesaurus Term: HEALTH; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear power plants; Subject Term: Nuclear power plants; Subject Term: EMPLOYEES; Subject Term: Reliability (Personality trait); Subject Term: Nuclear power plant operators; Subject Term: Human error; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accident sequence evaluation program; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accident Sequence Evaluation Program HRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: ASEP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservationism; Author-Supplied Keyword: HRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human reliability analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear power plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: operator licensing examination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Requalification evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: requalification examination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulator evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulator examination.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Jia-huai
AU  - Lim, Kap
AU  - Smolyar, Alex
AU  - Teng, Mai-kun
AU  - Liu, Jin-huan
AU  - Tse, Albert G. D.
AU  - Liu, Ju
AU  - Hussey, Rebecca E.
AU  - Chishti, Yasmin
AU  - Thomson, Cole T.
AU  - Sweet, Robert M.
AU  - Nathenson, Stanley G.
AU  - Chang, Hsiu-Ching
AU  - Sacchettini, James C.
AU  - Reinherz, Ellis L.
T1  - Atomic structure of an aß T cell receptor (TCR) heterodimer in complex with an anti-TCR Fab fragment derived from a mitogenic antibody.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1998/01//1/1/98
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 26
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Each T cell receptor (TCR) recognizes a peptide antigen bound to a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule via a clonotypic αβ heterodimeric structure (Ti) non-covalently associated with the monomorphic CD3 signaling components. A crystal structure of an αβ TCR­anti-TCR Fab complex shows an Fab fragment derived from the H57 monoclonal antibody (mAb), interacting with the elongated FG loop of the Cβ domain, situated beneath the Vβ domain. This loop, along with the partially exposed ABED β sheet of Cβ, and glycans attached to both Cβ and Cα domains, forms a cavity of sufficient size to accommodate a single non-glycosylated Ig domain such as the CD3ε ectodomain. That this asymmetrically localized site is embedded within the rigid constant domain module has implications for the mechanism of signal transduction in both TCR and pre-TCR complexes. Furthermore, quaternary structures of TCRs vary significantly even when they bind the same MHC molecule, as manifested by a unique twisting of the V module relative to the C module. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MAJOR histocompatibility complex
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - T cell receptors
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - crystallography
KW  - immune receptors
KW  - quaternary structure
KW  - signal transduction
N1  - Accession Number: 13005969; Wang, Jia-huai 1,2 Lim, Kap 3 Smolyar, Alex 1,4 Teng, Mai-kun 1,4,5 Liu, Jin-huan 1,4 Tse, Albert G. D. 1,4 Liu, Ju 1,4 Hussey, Rebecca E. 1,4 Chishti, Yasmin 1 Thomson, Cole T. 6 Sweet, Robert M. 7 Nathenson, Stanley G. 6 Chang, Hsiu-Ching 1,4 Sacchettini, James C. 3 Reinherz, Ellis L. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Immunology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute  2: Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115  3: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843  4: Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115  5: Department of Biology, Chinese University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China  6: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA  7: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 1/1/98, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p10; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MAJOR histocompatibility complex; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: T cell receptors; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: immune receptors; Author-Supplied Keyword: quaternary structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal transduction; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/17.1.10
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bandy, V.A.
AU  - Dendy Jr., J.E.
AU  - Spangenberg, W.H.
T1  - SOME MULTIGRID ALGORITHMS FOR ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS ON DATA PARALLEL MACHINES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 86
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Previously a semicoarsening multigrid algorithm suitable for use on data parallel architectures was investigated. Through the use of new software tools, the performance of this algorithm has been considerably improved. The method has also been extended to three space dimensions. The method performs well for strongly anisotropic problems and for problems with coefficients jumping by orders of magnitude across internal interfaces. The parallel efficiency of this method is analyzed, and its actual performance on the CM-5 is compared with its performance on the CRAY Y-MP and the Sparc-5. A standard coarsening multigrid algorithm is also considered, and we compare its performance on these three platforms as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - ARITHMETIC -- Foundations
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - multigrid
KW  - parallel computation
N1  - Accession Number: 13217600; Bandy, V.A. 1; Email Address: vab@cnls.lanl.gov Dendy Jr., J.E. 1; Email Address: jed@lanl.gov Spangenberg, W.H. 2; Email Address: whs@wrangler.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos  2: Computing, Information, Communications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p74; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: ARITHMETIC -- Foundations; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel computation; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moulton, J. David
AU  - Morel, Jim E.
AU  - Ascher, Uri M.
T1  - APPROXIMATE SCHUR COMPLEMENT PRECONDITIONING OF THE LOWEST-ORDER NODAL DISCRETIZATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 205
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Certain classes of nodal methods and mixed-hybrid finite element methods lead to equivalent, robust, and accurate discretizations of second-order elliptic PDEs. However, widespread popularity of these discretizations has been hindered by the awkward linear systems which result. The present work overcomes this awkwardness and develops preconditioners which yield solution algorithms for these discretizations with an efficiency comparable to that of the multigrid method for standard discretizations. Our approach exploits the natural partitioning of the linear system obtained by the mixed-hybrid finite element method. By eliminating different subsets of unknowns, two Schur complements are obtained with known structure. Replacing key matrices in this structure by lumped approximations, we define three optimal preconditioners. Central to the optimal performance of these preconditioners is their sparsity structure which is compatible with standard finite difference discretizations and hence treated adequately with only a single multigrid cycle. In this paper we restrict the discussion to the two-dimensional case; these techniques are readily extended to three dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - ABSTRACT algebra
KW  - conjugate gradient
KW  - preconditioner
KW  - Schur complement
N1  - Accession Number: 13217619; Moulton, J. David 1; Email Address: moulton@cnls.lanl.gov Morel, Jim E. 2; Email Address: jim@c3.lanl.gov Ascher, Uri M. 3; Email Address: ascher@cs.ubc.ca; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos  2: Scientific Computation, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos  3: Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p185; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: ABSTRACT algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: conjugate gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioner; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schur complement; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiao-Chuan Cai
AU  - Gropp, William D.
AU  - Keyes, David E.
AU  - Melvin, Robin G.
AU  - Young, David P.
T1  - PARALLEL NEWTON-KRYLOV-SCHWARZ ALGORITHMS FOR THE TRANSONIC FULL POTENTIAL EQUATION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
EP  - 265
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We study parallel two-level overlapping Schwarz algorithms for solving nonlinear finite element problems, in particular, for the full potential equation of aerodynamics discretized in two dimensions with bilinear elements. The overall algorithm, Newton-Krylov-Schwarz (NKS), employs an inexact finite difference Newton method and a Krylov space iterative method, with a two-level overlapping Schwarz method as a preconditioner. We demonstrate that NKS, combined with a density upwinding continuation strategy for problems with weak shocks, is robust and economical for this class of mixed elliptic-hyperbolic nonlinear partial differential equations, with proper specification of several parameters. We study upwinding parameters, inner convergence tolerance, coarse grid density, subdomain overlap, and the level of fill-in in the incomplete factorization, and report their effect on numerical convergence rate, overall execution time, and parallel efficiency on a distributed-memory parallel computer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - ARITHMETIC -- Foundations
KW  - domain decomposition
KW  - finite elements
KW  - full potential equation
N1  - Accession Number: 13217557; Xiao-Chuan Cai 1; Email Address: cai@cs.colorado.edu Gropp, William D. 2; Email Address: gropp@mcs.anl.gov Keyes, David E. 3; Email Address: keyes@icase.edu Melvin, Robin G. 4; Email Address: rgm4152@cfdd53.cfd.ca.boeing.com Young, David P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL  3: Department of Computer Science, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton  4: The Boeing Company, Seattle, WA; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p246; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: ARITHMETIC -- Foundations; Author-Supplied Keyword: domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: full potential equation; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knoll, D.A.
AU  - McHugh, P.R.
T1  - ENHANCED NONLINEAR ITERATIVE TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO A NONEQUILIBRIUM PLASMA FLOW.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 301
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We study the application of enhanced nonlinear iterative methods to the steady-state solution of a system of two-dimensional convection-diffusion-reaction partial differential equations that describe the partially ionized plasma flow in the boundary layer of a tokamak fusion reactor. This system of equations is characterized by multiple time and spatial scales and contains highly anisotropic transport coefficients due to a strong imposed magnetic field. We use Newton's method to linearize the nonlinear system of equations resulting from an implicit, finite volume discretization of the governing partial differential equations, on a staggered Cartesian mesh. The resulting linear systems are neither symmetric nor positive definite, and are poorly conditioned. Preconditioned Krylov iterative techniques are employed to solve these linear systems. We investigate both a modified and a matrix-free Newton-Krylov implementation, with the goal of reducing CPU cost associated with the numerical formation of the Jacobian. A combination of a damped iteration, mesh sequencing, and a pseudotransient continuation technique is used to enhance global nonlinear convergence and CPU efficiency. GMRES is employed as the Krylov method with incomplete lower-upper (ILU) factorization preconditioning. The goal is to construct a combination of nonlinear and linear iterative techniques for this complex physical problem that optimizes trade-offs between robustness, CPU time, memory requirements, and code complexity. It is shown that a mesh sequencing implementation provides significant CPU savings for fine grid calculations. Performance comparisons of modified Newton-Krylov and matrix-free Newton-Krylov algorithms will be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR systems
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - BESSEL functions
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 13217562; Knoll, D.A. 1; Email Address: nol@lanl.gov McHugh, P.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos  2: Semitool, Inc., Kalispell; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p291; Subject Term: NONLINEAR systems; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: BESSEL functions; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geiger, K.
T1  - Parton cascade description of heavy-ion collisions at cern?
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 1998/01/02/Jan1998 Supplement
VL  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 49
SN  - 00114626
AB  - There seems to be a general consensus now that a first glimpse of a QGP-like effect has become visible in the beautiful NA50 data on J/ϕ production and the ‘anomalous supression’ phenomenon. On the other hand, it is still widely believed that the dynamics of heavy-ion collisions at CERN SPS energy is predominantly governed by soft, nonperturbative physics. This is ironic: after all, it is unlikely that a QGP could be formed if the underlying dynamics were essentially soft, rather than that it requires intense quark-gluon production with sufficient cascade-like reinteractions which drive the matter to large density and equilibrium. Therefore, I advocate in this contribution that for ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions a description based on the pQCD interactions and cascade evolution of involved partons can and should be used, owing to the claim that short-range parton interactions play an important role at sufficiently high beam energies, including CERN energy $$\sqrt s \simeq 20$$ A·GeV. Here mini-jet production which liberates of quarks and gluons cannot be considered as an isolated rare phenomenon, but can occur quite copiously and may lead to complex multiple cascade-type processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50177341; Geiger, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department , Brookhaven National Laboratory , 11973 Upton USA; Source Info: Jan1998 Supplement, Vol. 48, p37; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-998-0005-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gordon, H. S.
AU  - Wade, Robert
AU  - Veneroso, Frank
AU  - Sheehy, Hugh
AU  - Spring, Andy
AU  - Olson, Erik
AU  - Padwa, Tulli
AU  - Wood, John
AU  - Tizado, Javier
AU  - David, Robert
AU  - Floud, Roderick
AU  - Runciman, W. G.
AU  - Gardiner, A.
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas
AU  - Klobuchar, John
AU  - Pike, Drake
T1  - LETTERS.
JO  - Economist
JF  - Economist
Y1  - 1998/01/10/
VL  - 346
IS  - 8050
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 8
SN  - 00130613
AB  - Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including those that discussed traffic congestion, business survey in Latin America and bore hunting.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - TRAFFIC congestion
KW  - BUSINESS
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - HUNTING
N1  - Accession Number: 19234695; Gordon, H. S. Wade, Robert Veneroso, Frank Sheehy, Hugh Spring, Andy Olson, Erik Padwa, Tulli Wood, John Tizado, Javier David, Robert Floud, Roderick Runciman, W. G. 1 Gardiner, A. 2 Kronfeld, Andreas 3 Klobuchar, John Pike, Drake; Affiliation:  1: Trinity College, Cambridge  2: President, The Mathematical Association, University of Birmingham, Birmingham  3: Fermi National, Accelerator Laboratory Batavia, Illinois; Source Info: 1/10/1998, Vol. 346 Issue 8050, p6; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: TRAFFIC congestion; Subject Term: BUSINESS; Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: HUNTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114210 Hunting and Trapping; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 2318
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scurlock, J. M. O.
AU  - Hall, D. O.
T1  - The global carbon sink: a grassland perspective.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1998/02//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 233
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract The challenge to identify the biospheric sinks for about half the total carbon emissions from fossil fuels must include a consideration of below-ground ecosystem processes as well as those more easily measured above-ground. Recent studies suggest that tropical grasslands and savannas may contribute more to the ‘missing sink’ than was previously appreciated, perhaps as much as 0.5 Pg (= 0.5 Gt) carbon per annum. The rapid increase in availability of productivity data facilitated by the Internet will be important for future scaling-up of global change responses, to establish independent lines of evidence about the location and size of carbon sinks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - GRASSLANDS
KW  - SAVANNAS
KW  - below-ground
KW  - carbon sink
KW  - grasslands
KW  - net primary production
KW  - NPP
KW  - savannas
N1  - Accession Number: 5322315; Scurlock, J. M. O. 1 Hall, D. O. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6407, USA,  2: Division of Life Sciences, King’s College London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH, UK; Source Info: Feb98, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p229; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: GRASSLANDS; Subject Term: SAVANNAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: below-ground; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sink; Author-Supplied Keyword: grasslands; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP; Author-Supplied Keyword: savannas; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Suter II, Glenn W.
T1  - Comments on the Interpretation of Distributions in "Overview of Recent Developments in Ecological Risk Assessment"
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1998/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
SN  - 02724332
AB  - A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Overview of Recent Developments in Ecological Risk Assessment," by K. R. Solomon.
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 15107319; Suter II, Glenn W. 1; Email Address: swg@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038; Issue Info: Feb1998, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p3; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solanki, Rajendra S.
AU  - Gorti, Jyothi K.
AU  - Southworth, Frank
T1  - Using decomposition in large-scale highway network design with a quasi-optimization heuristic.
JO  - Transportation Research: Part B
JF  - Transportation Research: Part B
Y1  - 1998/02//
VL  - 32B
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
SN  - 01912615
AB  - Presents a variation of the Modified Quasi-Optimization (MQO) heuristic, developed by Dionne and Florian (1979).  Information on the highway network design problem; How the proposed algorithm solved a large network design problem; Benefits of the combined use of decomposition and a limited set of paths.
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Highway engineering
KW  - Traffic assignment
N1  - Accession Number: 46291; Solanki, Rajendra S. 1; Gorti, Jyothi K. 1; Southworth, Frank 1; Affiliations: 1: Center for Transportation Analysis, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb98, Vol. 32B Issue 2, p127; Thesaurus Term: Transportation; Thesaurus Term: Highway engineering; Subject Term: Traffic assignment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Tschaplinski, Tim J.
T1  - Whole-plant water flux in understory red maple exposed to altered precipitation regimes.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1998/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 79
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Sap flow gauges were used to estimate whole-plant water flux for five stem-diameter classes of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) growing in the understory of an upland oak forest and exposed to one of three large-scale (0.64 ha) manipulations of soil water content. This Throughfall Displacement Experiment (TDE) used subcanopy troughs to intercept roughly 30% of the throughfall on a “dry” plot and a series of pipes to move this collected precipitation across an “ambient” plot and onto a “wet” plot. Saplings with a stem diameter larger than 10 cm lost water at rates 50-fold greater than saplings with a stem diameter of 1 to 2 cm (326 versus 6.4 mol H2O tree−1 day−1). These size-class differences were driven largely by differences in leaf area and cross-sectional sapwood area, because rates of water flux expressed per unit leaf area (6.90 mol H2O m−2 day−1) or sapwood area (288 mol H2O dm−2 day−1) were similar among saplings of the five size classes. Daily and hourly rates of transpiration expressed per unit leaf area varied throughout much of the season, as did soil matrix potentials, and treatment differences due to the TDE were observed during two of the seven sampling periods. On July 6, midday rates of transpiration averaged 1.88 mol H2O m−2 h−1 for saplings in the “wet” plot, 1.22 mol H2O m−2 h−1 for saplings in the “ambient” plot, and 0.76 mol H2O m−2 h−1 for saplings in the “dry” plot. During the early afternoon of August 28, transpiration rates were sevenfold lower for saplings in the “dry” plot compared to saplings in the “wet” plot and 2.5-fold lower compared to saplings in the “ambient” plot. Treatment differences in crown conductance followed a pattern similar to that of transpiration, with values that averaged 60% lower for saplings in the “dry” plot compared to saplings in the “wet” plot and 35% lower compared to saplings in the “ambient” plot. Stomatal and boundary layer conductances were roughly equal in magnitude. Estimates of the decoupling coefficient (Ω) ranged between 0.64 and 0.72 for saplings in the three TDE treatment plots. We conclude that red maple saplings growing in the understory of an upland oak forest are responsive to their edaphic and climatic surroundings, and because of either their small stature or their shallow root distribution, or both, are likely to be impacted by precipitation changes similar to those predicted by global climate models. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Transpiration of plants
KW  - Plants -- Absorption of water
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Plant-water relationships
KW  - Red maple
KW  - Sapwood
KW  - Acer rubrum
KW  - boundary layer conductance
KW  - decoupling coefficient
KW  - global change
KW  - sap flow
KW  - stomatal conductance
KW  - transpiration
KW  - water stress
N1  - Accession Number: 51808010; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Hanson, Paul J. 1; Tschaplinski, Tim J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Feb1998, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p71; Thesaurus Term: Transpiration of plants; Thesaurus Term: Plants -- Absorption of water; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Thesaurus Term: Plant-water relationships; Subject Term: Red maple; Subject Term: Sapwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer rubrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: boundary layer conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: decoupling coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: sap flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: water stress; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janeschitz, G.
AU  - Porter, G.
T1  - Issues and status of “core/edge coupling” from papers and discussions.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 1998/02/02/Feb1998 Supplement
VL  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 58
SN  - 00114626
N1  - Accession Number: 50177424; Janeschitz, G. 1 Porter, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: ITER Joint Central Team , Garching Germany  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore USA; Source Info: Feb1998 Supplement, Vol. 48, p51; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-998-0021-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rognlien, T.
AU  - Ruzic, D.
T1  - Issues and status of “modelling industrial plasmas” from papers and discussions.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 1998/02/02/Feb1998 Supplement
VL  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 96
SN  - 00114626
AB  - A brief review is given of the four invited EPTSW talks dealing with industrial plasmas. Then a summary is presented of the round-table discussion session for industrial plasmas, including the similarities and differences between issues for fusion plasmas and industrial plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50177429; Rognlien, T. 1 Ruzic, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , 94551 Livermore USA  2: University of Illinois , 61801 Urbana USA; Source Info: Feb1998 Supplement, Vol. 48, p91; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-998-0026-8
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edenstrasser, J.
AU  - Goloborod'ko, V.
AU  - Reznik, S.
AU  - Yavorskij, V.
AU  - Zweben, S.
T1  - Influence of vacuum region between plasma and the first wall on the poloidal distribution of diffusive loss of charged fusion products in tokamaks.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 1998/02/02/Feb1998 Supplement
VL  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
EP  - 182
SN  - 00114626
N1  - Accession Number: 50177439; Edenstrasser, J. 1 Goloborod'ko, V. 2 Reznik, S. 2 Yavorskij, V. 2 Zweben, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical Physics , University of Innsbruck , Austria  2: Institute for Nuclear Research , Ukrainian Academy of Sciences , Kiev Ukraine  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , USA; Source Info: Feb1998 Supplement, Vol. 48, p177; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-998-0036-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rognlien, T.
AU  - Ryutov, D.
AU  - Mattor, N.
T1  - Calculation of 2-D profiles for the plasma and electric field near a tokamak separatrix.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 1998/02/02/Feb1998 Supplement
VL  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 206
SN  - 00114626
AB  - A boundary layer exists around the magnetic separatrix of a diverted tokamak where the inherently 2-D structure of the scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma is transformed into a nearly 1-D structure with quantities depending dominantly on the magnetic flux surface index. As the separatrix is crossed, the anomalous viscosity from edge turbulence allows the electrostatic potential to be calculated from the current continuity equation which contains a fourth-order derivative of the potential in the radial direction. Simulations from the UEDGE transport code illustrate the 2-D profiles and plasma flows near the separatrix when both E×B and ∇ B drifts are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50177443; Rognlien, T. 1 Ryutov, D. 1 Mattor, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , 94551 Livermore USA; Source Info: Feb1998 Supplement, Vol. 48, p201; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-998-0040-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
T1  - Book Review.
JO  - Artificial Life
JF  - Artificial Life
Y1  - 1998///Spring98
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 221
EP  - 223
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10645462
AB  - Reviews the book `Nonlinear Dynamics, Mathematical Biology and Social Science,' by Joshua Epstein.
KW  - NONLINEAR Dynamics, Mathematical Biology & Social Science (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 1410516; Rasmussen, Steen 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545 U.S.A.; Source Info: Spring98, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p221; Reviews & Products: NONLINEAR Dynamics, Mathematical Biology & Social Science (Book); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1217
L3  - 10.1162/106454698568530
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, RaY. S.
AU  - Lincoln, David E.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Leaf age effects of elevated CO2 -grown white oak leaves on spring-feeding lepidopterans.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1998/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 246
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract Folivorous insect responses to elevated CO2 -grown tree species may be complicated by phytochemical changes as leaves age. For example, young expanding leaves in tree species may be less affected by enriched CO2 -alterations in leaf phytochemistry than older mature leaves due to shorter exposure times to elevated CO2 atmospheres. This, in turn, could result in different effects on early vs. late instar larvae of herbivorous insects. To address this, seedlings of white oak (Quercus alba L.), grown in open-top chambers under ambient and elevated CO2 , were fed to two important early spring feeding herbivores; gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.), and forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstria Hübner). Young, expanding leaves were presented to early instar larvae, and older fully expanded or mature leaves to late instar larvae. Young leaves had significantly lower leaf nitrogen content and significantly higher total nonstructural carbohydrate:nitrogen ratio as plant CO2 concentration rose, while nonstructural carbohydrates and total carbon-based phenolics were unaffected by plant CO2 treatment. These phytochemical changes contributed to a significant reduction in the growth rate of early instar gypsy moth larvae, while growth rates of forest tent caterpillar were unaffected. The differences in insect responses were attributed to an increase in the nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) of early instar forest tent caterpillar larvae feeding on elevated CO2 -grown leaves, while early instar gypsy moth larval NUE remained unchanged among the treatments. Later instar larvae of both insect species experienced larger reductions in foliage quality on elevated CO2 -grown leaves than earlier instars, as the carbohydrate:nitrogen ratio of leaves substantially increased. Despite this, neither insect species exhibited changes in growth or consumption rates between CO2... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEPIDOPTERA
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - leaf phytochemistry
KW  - Lymantria dispar
KW  - Malacosoma disstria
KW  - nitrogen utilization
KW  - Quercus alba
N1  - Accession Number: 5288623; Williams, RaY. S. 1,2 Lincoln, David E. 1 Norby, Richard J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA,  2: Current address: Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, 572 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6422, USA,; Source Info: Mar1998, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p235; Subject Term: LEPIDOPTERA; Subject Term: LEAVES; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf phytochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lymantria dispar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Malacosoma disstria; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen utilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00127.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daigle, Leslie
AU  - Daniel, Ron
AU  - Preston, Cecilia
T1  - Uniform Resource Identifiers and Online Serials.
JO  - Serials Librarian
JF  - Serials Librarian
Y1  - 1998/03/25/
VL  - 33
IS  - 3-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
EP  - 341
SN  - 0361526X
AB  - The widespread acceptance of the World Wide Web makes it the method of choice for publishing online serials. However, concerns ranging from rights management to the long-term integrity of citations are just two of the issues which continue to impede the widespread adoption of such a mode of publication. This paper discusses the history and purposes of Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) as well as the role identifiers will play in the deployment of online serials. Particular attention is paid to development of Uniform Resource Names (URNs), one of the goals of which is to use existing identifier systems, such as ISBNs, ISSNs, and SICIs. The paper describes URN syntax and resolution, then presents some illustrations of how WWW-based publication of online serials might use different forms of URIs. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Serials Librarian is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75422031; Daigle, Leslie 1; Email Address: leslie@bunyip.com Daniel, Ron 2; Email Address: rdaniel@lanl.gov Preston, Cecilia 3; Email Address: cecilia@wetl.com; Affiliation:  1: Research Bunyip Information Systems Inc.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  3: Preston & Lynch; Source Info: Mar1998, Vol. 33 Issue 3-4, p325; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J123v33n03_10
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minev, P. D.
AU  - Gresho, P. M.
T1  - A remark on pressure correction schemes for transient viscous incompressible flow.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1998/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 346
SN  - 10698299
AB  - The paper presents a discussion of some phenomena related to the pressure-correction scheme implemented in a spectral element or finite element context. Of particular interest are the spurious boundary layers created around prescribed boundaries in which the pressure exhibits spurious behaviour. The flow is very prone to singular behaviour, especially around geometrical singularities. That is why this phenomenon is studied using as an example the flow in a diverging channel with sharp changes in the angle. The reasons for, and a possible remedy to, the singular (and aphysical) behaviour of the numerical solution are discussed. The results of the numerical experiments clearly support the conclusions of this discussion. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - STOKES equations
KW  - incompressible flow
KW  - pressure-correction scheme
KW  - spurious boundary layer
N1  - Accession Number: 13440112; Minev, P. D. 1,2 Gresho, P. M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Stevin Center for Comp. and Exp. Engineering Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands  2: Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-262, Livermore, California 94550, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr98, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p335; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: STOKES equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: incompressible flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: pressure-correction scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: spurious boundary layer; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonnenthal, Eric L.
AU  - McBirney, Alexander R.
T1  - The Skaergaard Layered Series. Part IV. Reaction–Transport Simulations of Foundered Blocks.
JO  - Journal of Petrology
JF  - Journal of Petrology
Y1  - 1998/04//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
EP  - 661
SN  - 00223530
AB  - During the middle stages of crystallization of the Skaergaard Layered Series large numbers of blocks became detached from the Upper Border Series and settled into the mush of crystals on the floor. It has been recognized for some time that these blocks now have compositions and textures that differ markedly from those of the units from which they came. They tend to be more plagioclase rich and seem to have lost mafic components to the surrounding gabbro. Numerical simulations coupling crystallization, melting, and heat and mass transfer for a multicomponent system show how the blocks reacted with the mush in which they were emplaced. Enhanced cooling and crystallization of a compositionally stratified mush adjacent to the blocks resulted in patterns of melt compositions similar to those of layering around the blocks. Volume changes during crystallization and melting induced convection of the interstitial melt leading to changes in the bulk compositions of the blocks and the surrounding mush. Inhomogeneities such as inclusions are likely to facilitate the onset of compositional convection in a chemically stratified solidification zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Petrology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLOCKS (Building materials)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - PLAGIOCLASE
KW  - GABBRO
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - CONVECTIVE flow (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - INCLUSIONS (Mineralogy & petrology)
KW  - assimilation
KW  - convection
KW  - reaction–transport modeling;
KW  - solidification zones
N1  - Accession Number: 79237051; Sonnenthal, Eric L. 1 McBirney, Alexander R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California , MS90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon , Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Source Info: Apr1998, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p633; Subject Term: BLOCKS (Building materials); Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: PLAGIOCLASE; Subject Term: GABBRO; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: CONVECTIVE flow (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: INCLUSIONS (Mineralogy & petrology); Author-Supplied Keyword: assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction–transport modeling;; Author-Supplied Keyword: solidification zones; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawson, Clint N.
AU  - Wheeler, Mary F.
AU  - Woodward, Carol S.
T1  - A TWO-GRID FINITE DIFFERENCE SCHEME FOR NONLINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 1998/04//
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
EP  - 452
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - We present a two-level finite difference scheme for the approximation of nonlinear parabolic equations. Discrete inner products and the lowest-order Raviart­Thomas approximating space are used in the expanded mixed method in order to develop the finite difference scheme. Analysis of the scheme is given assuming an implicit time discretization. In this two-level scheme, the full nonlinear problem is solved on a ‘coarse’ grid of size H. The nonlinearities are expanded about the coarse grid solution and an appropriate interpolation operator is used to provide values of the coarse grid solution on the fine grid in terms of superconvergent node points. The resulting linear but nonsymmetric system is solved on a ‘fine’ grid of size h. Some a priori error estimates are derived which show that the discrete L∞(L2) and L2(H1) errors are O(h2 + H4-d/2 + Δt), where d ≥ 1 is the spatial dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - error estimates
KW  - finite differences
KW  - mixed finite elements
KW  - nonlinear
KW  - superconvergent
N1  - Accession Number: 13215103; Dawson, Clint N. 1; Email Address: clint@ticam.utexas.edu Wheeler, Mary F. 1; Email Address: mfw@ticam.utexas.edu Woodward, Carol S. 2; Email Address: cswoodward@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Texas Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics, University of Texas, Austin  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p435; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: error estimates; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite differences; Author-Supplied Keyword: mixed finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconvergent; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharma, Virender K.
AU  - Bloom, John T.
AU  - Joshi, Vishwas N.
T1  - Oxidation of ammonia by ferrate(vi).
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 1998/05//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
EP  - 650
SN  - 10934529
AB  - The kinetics of ammonia oxidation by ferrate(VI) was determined as a function of pH (7.5–11.0) and temperature (10–35 °C). The rates decrease with increase in pH. The pH dependence is probably related to protonation of ferrate(VI) and ammonia. The theoretical curve through data gave the rate constants; k7(HFeO4 ‐ + NH4 +) = 8.46±0.50x10‐1 M‐1s‐1; kg(FeO4 2‐ + NH4 +) = 1.26±0.11x10‐1 M‐1s‐1; k10(FeO4 2‐ + NH3) = 1.19±0.10x10‐1 M‐1s‐1. The activation parameters, ?H? and ?S? were found to be 67.3 ± 3.5 kJ/mol and 33.1 ± 0.2 J/mol.K, respectively. When ferrate(VI) was used in excess relative to ammonia in the oxidation reaction, 22 % of ammonia removal was achieved. The usefulness of ferrate(VI) to remove ammonia from wastewater is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75473851; Sharma, Virender K. 1; Bloom, John T. 1; Joshi, Vishwas N. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University‐Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412; 2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, New York, 11973; Issue Info: May1998, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p635; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10934529809376752
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Kirby L.
AU  - Tucker, James D.
AU  - Nath, Joginder
T1  - Frequency, distribution and clonality of chromosome damage in human lymphocytes by multi-color FISH.
JO  - Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutagenesis
Y1  - 1998/05//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 227
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02678357
AB  - Whole chromosome painting was used to determine whether the use of different sets of paints would influence results obtained from the analysis of human peripheral blood lymphocytes from 27 healthy unexposed subjects. Painting was also used to determine if aberration frequencies are proportional to the size of selected chromosomes in human lymphocytes irradiated in vitro. The in vitro results showed that the frequencies of radiation-induced stable aberrations (i.e. translocations and insertions) in chromosomes 3,5 and 6 painted in unique colors are proportional to chromosome size. Aberration frequencies in the normal subjects were measured using two different sets of paints, one set for chromosomes 3,5 and 6 where each chromosome was labeled in a unique color and one set where chromosomes 1,2 and 4 were painted in a single color. The frequency of aberrations among chromosomes 1-6 in the population as a whole was also found to be proportional to chromosome size. However, some individual subjects had a distribution of damage that was not proportional to chromosome size due to the presence of clones of abnormal cells. Aberration frequencies measured in chromosomes 3, 5 and 6 as a set were highly correlated with those observed in chromosomes 1,2 and 4 as a set, after adjusting for the different amounts of the genome that were painted. We also determined whether differences exist in the aberration frequencies measured by two scoring systems: the classical method, where reciprocal exchanges are scored as single events, and PAINT, where each break junction is scored as a single event The two scoring systems gave highly correlated results for translocations and differed by a constant value (PAINT X 0.58 = classical method). Approximately 27% of translocations were observed to be nonreciprocal due to a failure to detect exchanges involving small amounts of material or to a non-reciprocal exchange mechanism. Our results support the hypothesis that cytogenetic evaluations for biodosimetry can be performed with any one or more of the chromosomes studied here and indicate that the aberration frequency measurements are independent of the scoring system selected for the evaluation. We also present a simple statistical method for identifying subjects that may possess clonal aberrations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mutagenesis is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cytogenetics
KW  - Chromosome abnormalities
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Translocation (Genetics)
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Insertion mutation
KW  - Molecular cloning
N1  - Accession Number: 79237953; Johnson, Kirby L. 1,2,3; Tucker, James D. 1; Nath, Joginder 2; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, PO Box 808, L-452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551; 2: Genetics and Developmental Biology Program, West Virginia University Morgantown, WV 26506-6108, USA; 3: Present address: Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Issue Info: May1998, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p217; Thesaurus Term: Cytogenetics; Subject Term: Chromosome abnormalities; Subject Term: Lymphocytes; Subject Term: Translocation (Genetics); Subject Term: Statistics; Subject Term: Insertion mutation; Subject Term: Molecular cloning; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Nitrogen deposition: a component of global change analyses.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1998/05//
VL  - 139
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
EP  - 200
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - The global cycles of carbon and nitrogen are being perturbed by human activities that increase the transfer from large pools of non-reactive forms of the elements to reactive forms that are essential to the functioning of the terrestrial biosphere. The cycles are closely linked at all scales, and global change analyses must consider C and N cycles together. The increasing amount of N originating from fossil fuel combustion and deposited to terrestrial ecosystems as nitrogen oxides could increase the capacity of ecosystems to sequester C, thereby removing some of the excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and slowing the development of greenhouse warming. Several global and ecosystem models have calculated the amount of C sequestration that can he attributed to N deposition, based on assumptions about the allocation of N among ecosystem components with different C : N ratios. They support the premise that, since industrialization began, N deposition has been responsible for an increasing terrestrial C sink, but there is great uncertainty whether ecosystems will continue to retain exogenous N. Whether terrestrial ecosystems continue to sequester additional C will depend in part on their response to increasing concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide, widely thought to be constrained by limited N availability. Ecosystem models generally support the conclusion that responses to increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide will be greater, and the range of possible responses will be wider, in ecosystems where increased N inputs originate as atmospheric deposition. The interactions between N deposition and increasing carbon dioxide concentrations could be altered considerably, however, by additional factors, including N saturation of ecosystems, changes in community composition, and climate change. Nitrogen deposition is also linked to global change issues through the volatile losses of nitrous oxide, which is a potent greenhouse gas , and the role of nitrogen  oxide in the production of tropospheric ozone, which could  interact with plant responses to elevated carbon dioxide. Any consideration of the role of N deposition in global change issues must also balance the projected responses against the serious detrimental impact of excess N on the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles
KW  - NITROGEN cycle
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - INDUSTRIALIZATION
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - C: N ratio
KW  - global carbon cycle
KW  - global change
KW  - nitrogen deposition.
N1  - Accession Number: 12599193; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@orrl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 3 7831-6422, USA.; Source Info: May98, Vol. 139 Issue 1, p189; Subject Term: CARBON cycle (Biogeochemistry); Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles; Subject Term: NITROGEN cycle; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: INDUSTRIALIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: C: N ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: global carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen deposition.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gill, David S.
AU  - Amthor, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Bormann, F. Herbert
T1  - Leaf phenology, photosynthesis, and the persistence of saplings and shrubs in a mature northern hardwood forest.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1998/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 289
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - We quantified leaf phenologies of saplings and overstory trees of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), and the shrub hobblebush viburnum (Viburnum alnifolium Marsh.) in a 72-year-old northern hardwood forest. Seasonal changes in irradiance in the shrub layer, and in the leaf CO2 exchange of viburnum, and sugar maple and beech saplings were also measured. Leaf expansion occurred earlier in the spring and green leaves were retained later in the autumn in saplings and shrubs than in overstory trees. During the spring light phase (before overstory closure), large CO2 gains by all three shrub-layer species occurred as a result of a combination of relatively large leaf area, high photosynthetic capacity, and high irradiance. Throughout the summer shade phase, photosynthetic capacity at a given irradiance remained relatively constant, but CO2 gain was typically limited by low irradiances. Even though irradiance in the shrub layer increased during the autumn light phase as the overstory opened, CO2 gains were modest compared to springtime values because of declining leaf area and photosynthetic capacity in all three species. The CO2 gains during the spring light phase, and to a lesser extent during the autumn light phase, may be important to the carbon balance and long-term persistence of saplings and shrubs in the usually light-limited shrub layer of a northern hardwood forest. Therefore, for some late-successional species, leaf phenology may be an important characteristic that permits their long-term persistence in the shrub layer of mature northern hardwood forests. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phenology
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Sugar maple
KW  - American beech
KW  - Foliar diagnosis
KW  - Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (N.H.)
KW  - New Hampshire
KW  - Acer saccharum
KW  - carbon gain
KW  - Fagus grandifolia
KW  - hobblebush viburnum
KW  - Hubbard Brook
KW  - shade tolerance
KW  - sugar maple
KW  - Viburnum alnifolium
N1  - Accession Number: 51808078; Gill, David S. 1,2; Amthor, Jeffrey S. 1,3; Bormann, F. Herbert 1; Affiliations: 1: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; 2: Department of Biological Science, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: May1998, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p281; Thesaurus Term: Phenology; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Sugar maple; Subject Term: American beech; Subject Term: Foliar diagnosis; Subject: Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (N.H.); Subject: New Hampshire; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer saccharum; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fagus grandifolia; Author-Supplied Keyword: hobblebush viburnum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hubbard Brook; Author-Supplied Keyword: shade tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: sugar maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viburnum alnifolium; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tschaplinski, Timothy J.
AU  - Gebre, G. Michael
AU  - Shirshac, Terri L.
T1  - Osmotic potential of several hardwood species as affected by manipulation of throughfall precipitation in an upland oak forest during a dry year.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1998/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 298
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Components of dehydration tolerance, including osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψπo) and osmotic adjustment (lowering of Ψπo), of several deciduous species were investigated in a mature, upland oak forest in eastern Tennessee. Beginning July 1993, the trees were subjected to one of three throughfall precipitation treatments: ambient, ambient minus 33% (dry treatment), and ambient plus 33% (wet treatment). During the dry 1995 growing season, leaf water potentials of all species declined to between –2.5 and –3.1 MPa in the dry treatment. There was considerable variation in Ψπo among species (–1.0 to –2.0 MPa). Based on Ψπo values, American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), dogwood (Cornus florida L.), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were least dehydration tolerant, red maple (A. rubrum L.) was intermediate in tolerance, and white oak (Quercus alba L.) and chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) were most tolerant. During severe drought, overstory chestnut oak and understory dogwood, red maple and chestnut oak displayed osmotic adjustment (–0.12 to –0.20 MPa) in the dry treatment relative to the wet treatment. (No osmotic adjustment was evident in understory red maple and chestnut oak during the previous wet year.) Osmotic potential at full turgor was generally correlated with leaf water potential, with both declining over the growing season, especially in species that displayed osmotic adjustment. However, osmotic adjustment was not restricted to species considered dehydration tolerant; for example, dogwood typically maintained high Ψπo and displayed osmotic adjustment to drought, but had the highest mortality rates of the species studied. Understory saplings tended to have higher Ψπo than overstory trees when water availability was high, but Ψπo of understory trees declined to values observed for overstory trees during severe drought. We conclude that Ψπo varies among deciduous hardwood species and is dependent on canopy position and soil water potential in the rooting zone. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Hardwoods
KW  - Oak
KW  - Plants -- Osmotic potential
KW  - Red maple
KW  - Sugar maple
KW  - American beech
KW  - Flowering dogwood
KW  - Acer rubrum
KW  - Acer saccharum
KW  - chestnut oak
KW  - Cornus florida
KW  - dehydration tolerance
KW  - dogwood
KW  - Fagus grandifolia
KW  - leaf water potential
KW  - osmotic adjustment
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - Quercus prinus
KW  - red maple
KW  - sugar maple
KW  - white oak
N1  - Accession Number: 51808084; Tschaplinski, Timothy J. 1; Gebre, G. Michael 1; Shirshac, Terri L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; 2: Water Resources Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Issue Info: May1998, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p291; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Subject Term: Hardwoods; Subject Term: Oak; Subject Term: Plants -- Osmotic potential; Subject Term: Red maple; Subject Term: Sugar maple; Subject Term: American beech; Subject Term: Flowering dogwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer rubrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer saccharum; Author-Supplied Keyword: chestnut oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cornus florida; Author-Supplied Keyword: dehydration tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: dogwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fagus grandifolia; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf water potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus prinus; Author-Supplied Keyword: red maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: sugar maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321211 Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gebre, G. Michael
AU  - Tschaplinski, Timothy J.
AU  - Shirshac, Terri L.
T1  - Water relations of several hardwood species in response to throughfall manipulation in an upland oak forest during a wet year.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1998/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
EP  - 305
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - We investigated the effects of altered precipitation on leaf osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψπo) of several species in an upland oak forest during the 1994 growing season as part of a Throughfall Displacement Experiment at the Walker Branch Watershed near Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The main species sampled included overstory chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.), white oak (Q. alba L.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.); intermediates sugar maple (A. saccharum L.) and blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.); and understory dogwood (Cornus florida L.) and red maple. The precipitation treatments were: ambient precipitation; ambient minus 33% of throughfall (dry); and ambient plus 33% of throughfall (wet). Except in late September, midday leaf water potentials (Ψl) were generally high in all species in all treatments, ranging from –0.31 to –1.34 MPa for C. florida, –0.58 to –1.51 MPa for A. rubrum, and –0.78 to –1.86 MPa for Q. prinus. Both treatment and species differences in Ψπo were evident, with oak species generally exhibiting lower Ψπo than A. saccharum, A. rubrum, C. florida, and N. sylvatica. The Ψπo of C. florida saplings declined in the dry treatment, and Q. prinus, Q. alba, and A. saccharum all exhibited a declining trend of Ψπo in the dry treatment, although Ψπo of Q. prinus leaves increased in late August, corresponding to a recovery in soil water potential. Cornus florida exhibited osmotic adjustment with the largest adjustment coinciding with the period of lowest soil water potential in June. The only other species to exhibit osmotic adjustment was Q. prinus, which also maintained a lower baseline Ψπo than the other species. We conclude that a 33% reduction of throughfall is sufficient both to alter the water relations of some species in the upland oak forest and to enable the identification of those species capable of osmotic adjustment to a short-term drought during a wet year. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Throughfall
KW  - Plants -- Drought tolerance
KW  - Hardwoods
KW  - Oak
KW  - Red maple
KW  - Sugar maple
KW  - Flowering dogwood
KW  - Acer rubrum
KW  - Acer saccharum
KW  - blackgum
KW  - chestnut oak
KW  - Cornus florida
KW  - dogwood
KW  - drought tolerance
KW  - Nyssa sylvatica
KW  - oak
KW  - osmotic adjustment
KW  - osmotic potential
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - Quercus prinus
KW  - red maple
KW  - sugar maple
KW  - white oak
N1  - Accession Number: 51808086; Gebre, G. Michael 1; Tschaplinski, Timothy J. 1; Shirshac, Terri L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; 2: Water Resources Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Issue Info: May1998, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p299; Thesaurus Term: Throughfall; Thesaurus Term: Plants -- Drought tolerance; Subject Term: Hardwoods; Subject Term: Oak; Subject Term: Red maple; Subject Term: Sugar maple; Subject Term: Flowering dogwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer rubrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer saccharum; Author-Supplied Keyword: blackgum; Author-Supplied Keyword: chestnut oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cornus florida; Author-Supplied Keyword: dogwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nyssa sylvatica; Author-Supplied Keyword: oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus prinus; Author-Supplied Keyword: red maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: sugar maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321211 Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wos, Larry
T1  - PROGRAMS THAT OFFER FAST, FLAWLESS, LOGICAL REASONING.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1998/06//
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 95
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article relates to automated reasoning strategies that help in fast and flawless logical reasoning. The author holds that imperfect reasoning gives rise to many problems like bugs in computer programs, flaws in chip designs and errors in mathematical proofs. Automated reasoning, according to the author, is a one step solution to all these problems. The focus of automated reasoning is the design and implementation of computer programs that flawlessly apply logical reasoning to reach the objective, irrespective of the area of interest. The significance of reasoning programs like OTTER, an automated reasoning program, can be easily determined by the fact that they have also been used by educators in undergraduate logic courses and in graduate level courses for interactive theorem proving, besides their being, by their very nature, a perfect assistant in puzzle solving. Further, automated reasoning programs don't use instantiation to draw conclusions but logical unification always remains at the core of these programs.
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - REASONING (Logic)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - COLLEGE students
KW  - COMPUTER science
N1  - Accession Number: 12069879; Wos, Larry 1,2; Email Address: wos@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Senior Mathematician in the Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory in Argonne, III.  2: President of the Association for Automated Reasoning, Member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Automated Reasoning.; Source Info: Jun98, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p87; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: REASONING (Logic); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: COLLEGE students; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/276609.276624
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AU  - Russell, Clifford S.
T1  - Economics and Ecology: The Need for Detente in Conservation Ecology.
JO  - Conservation Ecology (11955449)
JF  - Conservation Ecology (11955449)
Y1  - 1998/06//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 4
PB  - Resilience Alliance
SN  - 11955449
AB  - This article explains the need for detente in conservation ecology. It explores the interconnectedness of economics and ecology identified by economists in the fields of agriculture and forestry. It also discusses the function of supply and demand curves in conservation ecology. In addition, the article notes the use of the scale of dynamics of the ecosystem in conservation ecology.
KW  - Restoration ecology
KW  - Ecological economics
KW  - Conservation of natural resources
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Detente
KW  - Supply & demand
KW  - economics and ecology
KW  - scale
N1  - Accession Number: 59696840; O'Neill, Robert V. 1; Email Address: rvo@ornl.gov; Kahn, James R. 2; Russell, Clifford S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2: Department of Economics,University of Tennessee; 3: Institute for Public Policy Studies, Vanderbilt University; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 2 Issue 1, p4; Thesaurus Term: Restoration ecology; Thesaurus Term: Ecological economics; Thesaurus Term: Conservation of natural resources; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: Detente; Subject Term: Supply & demand; Author-Supplied Keyword: economics and ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: scale; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924120 Administration of Conservation Programs; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 4 Charts; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3917
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bull, Richard J.
AU  - Fisher, Jeffery W.
AU  - Merdink, James L.
AU  - Stenner, Robert D.
T1  - Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Trichloroethylene Considering Enterohepatic Recirculation of Major Metabolites.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1998/06//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 269
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is a major metabolite of trichloroethylene (TRI) thought to contribute to its hepatocarcinogenic effects in mice. Recent studies have shown that peak blood concentrations of TCA in rats do not occur until approximately 12 hours following an oral dose of TRI. However, blood concentrations of TRI reach a maximum within an hour and are nondetectable after 2 hours.(1) The results of a study which examined the enterohepatic recirculation (EHC) of the principle TRI metabolites(2) was used to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for TRI, which includes enterohepatic recirculation of its metabolites. The model quantitatively predicts the uptake, distribution and elimination of TRI, trichloroethanol, trichloroethanol-glucuronide, and TCA and includes production of metabolites through the enterohepatic recirculation pathway. Physiologic parameters used in the model were obtained from the literature.(3,4) Parameters for TRI metabolism were taken from Fisher et al.(5) Other kinetic parameters were found in the literature or estimated from experimental data.(2) The model was calibrated to data from experiments of an earlier study where TRI was orally administered.(2) Verification of the model was conducted using data on the enterohepatic recirculation of TCEOH and TCA,(2) chloral hydrate data (infusion doses) from Merdink,(6) and TRI data from Templin(l) and Larsonand Bu11.(7) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Modeling (Sculpture)
KW  - Enterohepatic recirculation
KW  - enterohepatic recirculation.
KW  - Metabolite
KW  - Modeling
KW  - PBPK models
KW  - Pharmacokinetic model
KW  - Physiological
KW  - toxicokinetics
KW  - Trichioroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 8114918; Bull, Richard J. 1; Fisher, Jeffery W. 2; Merdink, James L. 3; Stenner, Robert D. 1; Email Address: rd-stenner@prl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (operated by Battelle Memorial Institute), Washington.; 2: Armstrong Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433.; 3: Pharmacology/Toxicology Program, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164.; Issue Info: Jun98, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p261; Thesaurus Term: Metabolites; Thesaurus Term: Trichloroethylene; Thesaurus Term: Physiology; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Subject Term: Modeling (Sculpture); Author-Supplied Keyword: Enterohepatic recirculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: enterohepatic recirculation.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metabolite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBPK models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pharmacokinetic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physiological; Author-Supplied Keyword: toxicokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trichioroethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327420 Gypsum Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyman, James M.
AU  - Jia Li
T1  - MODELING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ISOLATION STRATEGIES IN PREVENTING STD EPIDEMICS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 1998/06//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 912
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - Focuses on the modeling of the effectiveness of isolation strategies in preventing sexually transmitted disease (STD) epidemics.  Analysis of a two-group, selective-mixing, susceptible-infective-susceptible (SIS) STD model; Strategies to limit the spread of the epidemic; Ineffectiveness of the two-group model in preventing an epidemic.
KW  - SEXUALLY transmitted diseases
KW  - EPIDEMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 10462256; Hyman, James M. 1; Email Address: jh@lanl.gov Jia Li 2; Email Address: li@math.uah.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS-B284, Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p912; Subject Term: SEXUALLY transmitted diseases; Subject Term: EPIDEMICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiang Zhou
AU  - Dan Chen
AU  - Pierstorff, Erik
AU  - Kinxin Luo
T1  - Transcription elongation factor P-TEFb mediates Tat activation of HIV-1 transcription at multiple stages.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1998/07//7/1/98
VL  - 17
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3681
EP  - 3691
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Tat stimulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription elongation through recognition of the transactivation response (TAR) RNA stem­loop structure at the 5 end of nascent viral transcripts. Recently, a human transcription elongation factor P-TEFb, consisting of CDK9 kinase, cyclin T and other associated factors, has been shown to interact with Tat to restore Tat activation in HeLa nuclear extract depleted of P-TEFb. Here, we report the purification of a P-TEFb complex fraction containing epitope­tagged wild-type CDK9 or kinase­inactive CDK9 and five tightly associated polypeptides. Only wild-type P-TEFb complex with an active CDK9 kinase was able to hyperphosphorylate the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and mediate Tat transactivation in P-TEFb-depleted HeLa nuclear extract. Tat also stimulated transcription elongation by recruitment of the P-TEFb complex to the HIV-1 promoter through a Tat­ TAR interaction. A possible mechanism for P-TEFb to become associated with polymerase elongation complexes and function as a general elongation factor was demonstrated by an interaction of P-TEFb with double-stranded RNA molecules through an 87 kDa subunit. Finally, P-TEFb was found to interact with and phosphorylate Tat-SF1, a Tat cofactor required for Tat transactivation. Our data indicate that the various subunits of the human P-TEFb complex may play distinct roles at multiple stages to mediate Tat activation of HIV-1 transcription elongation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNITY
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - RNA
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - HELA cells
KW  - hiv-1 tat
KW  - p-tefb
KW  - tat-sf1
KW  - transcription elongation factor
KW  - transcriptional activation
KW  - HELA Ltd.
N1  - Accession Number: 13006300; Qiang Zhou 1; Email Address: qzhou@uclink4.berkeley.edu Dan Chen 1 Pierstorff, Erik 1 Kinxin Luo 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: 7/1/98, Vol. 17 Issue 13, p3681; Subject Term: IMMUNITY; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: HELA cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: hiv-1 tat; Author-Supplied Keyword: p-tefb; Author-Supplied Keyword: tat-sf1; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcription elongation factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcriptional activation; Company/Entity: HELA Ltd.; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/17.13.3681
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Montecucco, Alessandra
AU  - Rossi, Rosella
AU  - Levin, David S.
AU  - Gray, Ronald
AU  - Park, Min S.
AU  - Motycka, Teresa A.
AU  - Ciarrocchi, Giovanni
AU  - Villa, Antonello
AU  - Biamonti, Giuseppe
AU  - Tomkinson, Alan E.
T1  - DNA ligase I is recruited to sites of DNA replication by an interaction with proliferating cell nuclear antigen: identification of a common targeting mechanism for the assembly of replication factories.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1998/07//7/1/98
VL  - 17
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3786
EP  - 3795
SN  - 02614189
AB  - In mammalian cells, DNA replication occurs at discrete nuclear sites termed replication factories. Here we demonstrate that DNA ligase I and the large subunit of replication factor C (RF-C p140) have a homologous sequence of ∼20 amino acids at their N-termini that functions as a replication factory targeting sequence (RFTS). This motif consists of two boxes: box 1 contains the sequence IxxFF whereas box 2 is rich in positively charged residues. N-terminal fragments of DNA ligase I and the RF-C large subunit that contain the RFTS both interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in vitro. Moreover, the RFTS of DNA ligase I and of the RF-C large subunit is necessary and sufficient for the interaction with PCNA. Both subnuclear targeting and PCNA binding by the DNA ligase I RFTS are abolished by replacement of the adjacent phenylalanine residues within box 1. Since sequences similar to the RFTS/PCNA-binding motif have been identified in other DNA replication enzymes and in p21CIP1/WAF1, we propose that, in addition to functioning as a DNA polymerase processivity factor, PCNA plays a central role in the recruitment and stable association of DNA replication proteins at replication factories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - DNA ligases
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - CELL proliferation
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - PHENYLALANINE
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - dna ligase i
KW  - pcna
KW  - replication foci
KW  - rf-c
N1  - Accession Number: 13006290; Montecucco, Alessandra 1 Rossi, Rosella 1,2 Levin, David S. 3 Gray, Ronald 4 Park, Min S. 4 Motycka, Teresa A. 3 Ciarrocchi, Giovanni 1 Villa, Antonello 5 Biamonti, Giuseppe 1; Email Address: biamonti@igbe.pv.cnr.it Tomkinson, Alan E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Istituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionalistica CNR  2: Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia 'A.Buzzati Traverso' Università di Pavia  3: Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX  4: Life Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  5: Dipartimento di Farmacologia, CNR and B. Ceccarelli Centers and DIBIT Scientific Institute S. Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Università di Milano, Italy; Source Info: 7/1/98, Vol. 17 Issue 13, p3786; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: DNA ligases; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: PHENYLALANINE; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Author-Supplied Keyword: dna ligase i; Author-Supplied Keyword: pcna; Author-Supplied Keyword: replication foci; Author-Supplied Keyword: rf-c; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/17.13.3786
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diachin, Darin
AU  - Freitag, Lori
AU  - Heath, Daniel
AU  - Herzog, Jim
AU  - Michels, William
T1  - Interactive simulation and visualization of massless, massed, and evaporating particles.
JO  - IIE Transactions
JF  - IIE Transactions
Y1  - 1998/07//
VL  - 30
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 621
EP  - 628
SN  - 0740817X
AB  - Most software packages available for particle tracing focus on visualizing steady or unsteady vector fields by using massless particle trajectories. For many applications, however, the use of massed and evaporating particles would provide a model of physical processes that could be used in product testing or design. In this article we describe the TrackPack toolkit, which provides an integrated interface for computing massless, massed, and evaporating particle trajectories in steady flow. In all cases, we assume a noncoupled model and compute particle trajectories through an existing vector field by numerically integrating with forward Euler, fourth-order Runge-Kutta, or an analytic streamline calculation. The TrackPack software effort was motivated by an industrial application to model pollution control systems in industrial boilers. We briefly describe the project and the visualization environment, and we demonstrate the necessity for massed, evaporating models in the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IIE Transactions is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - VECTOR fields
KW  - INTEGRATED software
KW  - INDUSTRIAL applications
KW  - INDUSTRIAL management
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
N1  - Accession Number: 11874262; Diachin, Darin 1 Freitag, Lori 2; Email Address: freitag@mcs.anl.gov Heath, Daniel 3 Herzog, Jim 4 Michels, William 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  3: Computer Science Department,  Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50013, USA.  4: Scientific Computing and Computational Mathematics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA  94305, USA.  5: Fuel Tech,  Inc., 1001 Frontenac  Rd .  Naperville, IL 60566, USA.; Source Info: Jul98, Vol. 30 Issue 7, p621; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: VECTOR fields; Subject Term: INTEGRATED software; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL applications; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL management; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saxe, Henrik
AU  - Ellsworth, David S.
AU  - Heath, James
T1  - Tansley Review No. 98. Tree and forest functioning in an enriched CO2 atmosphere.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1998/07//
VL  - 139
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 436
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Forests exchange large amounts of CO2 with the atmosphere and can influence and he influenced by atmospheric CO2. There has been a recent proliferation of literature on the effects of atmospheric CO2. on forest trees. More than 300 studies of trees on five different continents have been published in the last five years. These include an increasing number of field studies with a long-term focus and involving CO2 × stress or environment interactions. The recent data on long-term effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on trees indicate a potential for a persistent enhancement of tree growth for several years, although the only relevant long-term datasets currently available are for juvenile trees. The current literature indicates a significantly larger average long-term biomass increment under elevated CO2for conifers (130%) than for deciduous trees (49 %) in studies not involving stress components. However, stimulation of photosynthesis by elevated CO2 in long-term studies was similar for conifers (62%) and deciduous trees (53% ). Recent studies indicate that elevated CO2 causes a more persistent stimulation of biomass increment and photosynthesis than previously expected. Results of seedling studies, however, might not he applicable to other stages of tree development because of complications of age-dependent and size-dependent shifts in physiology and carbon allocation, which are accelerated by elevated CO2. In addition, there are many possible avenues to down-regulation, making the predicted canopy CO2. exchange and growth of mature trees and forests in a CO2-rich atmosphere uncertain. Although, physiological down-regulation of photosynthetic rates has been documented in held situations, it is rarely large enough to offset entirely photosynthetic gains in elevated CO2. .A persistent growth stimulation of individual mature trees has been demonstrated although this effect is more uncertain in trees in natural stands. Resource interactions can both constrain tree responses to elevated CO2 and be altered by them. Although drought can reduce gas-exchange rates and offset the benefits of' elevated CO2, even in well watered trees, stomatal conductance is remarkably less responsive to elevated CO2 than in herbaceous species. Stomata of a number of' tree species have been demonstrated to be unresponsive to elevated CO2. We conclude that positive effects of CO2 on leaf area can be at least as important in determining canopy transpiration as negative, direct effects of CO2 on stomatal aperture. With respect to nutrition, elevated CO2 has the potential to alter tree-soil interactions that might influence future changes in ecosystem productivity. There is continued evidence that in most cases nutrient limitations diminish growth and photosynthetic responses to elevated CO2 at least to some degree, and that elevated CO2 can accelerate the appearance of nutrient limitations with increasing time of treatment. In many studies, tree biomass responses to CO2 are artefacts in the sense that they are merely responses to CO2-induced changes in internal nutritional status of the tree. There are numerous interactions between CO2 and factors of the biotic and abiotic environment. The importance of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations for productivity is likely to he overestimated if these are not taken into account. Many interactions, however, are simply additive rather than synergistic or antagonistic. This appears to hold true for many parameters under elevated CO2 in combination with temperature, elevated O3, and other atmospheric pollutants. However, there is currently little evidence that elevated CO2 will counteract O3damage. When the foliage content of C. mineral nutrients and secondary metabolites is altered by elevated CO2. tree × insect interactions arc modified. In most trees. mycorrhizal interactions might be less important for direct effects of CO2 than for alleviating general nutrient deficiencies. Since many responses to elevated CO2 and their interactions with stress show considerable variability among species/genotypes, one principal research need is for comparative studies of a large variety of woody species and ecosystems under realistic conditions. we still need more long-term experiments on mature trees and stands to address critical scaling issues likely to advance our understanding of responses to elevated CO2 at different stages of forest development and their interactions with climate and environment. The only tools available at present for coping with the consequences of rising CO2 are <em>management of resources</em> and <em>selection of genotypes</em> suitable for the future climate and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - DROUGHTS
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - STOMATA
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - drought
KW  - Elevated carbon dioxide (CO2)
KW  - forests
KW  - nutrients
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - stomatal conductance.
N1  - Accession Number: 12617935; Saxe, Henrik 1; Email Address: hsa@kvl.dk Ellsworth, David S. 2 Heath, James 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Botany, Dendrologv and Forest Genetics, Arboretum, Royal Veterinary & Agricultural University, Kirkegaardsvej 3A, DK-2970 Hoersholm, Denmark.  2: Environmental Biology and Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.  3: Institute of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.; Source Info: Jul98, Vol. 139 Issue 3, p395; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: DROUGHTS; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: STOMATA; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elevated carbon dioxide (CO2); Author-Supplied Keyword: forests; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 42p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Charles C.
AU  - Beall, Eileen L.
AU  - Rio, Donald C.
T1  - DNA binding by the KP repressor protein inhibits P-element transposase activity in vitro.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1998/07/15/
VL  - 17
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4166
EP  - 4174
SN  - 02614189
AB  - P elements are a family of mobile DNA elements found in Drosophila. P-element transposition is tightly regulated, and P-element-encoded repressor proteins are responsible for inhibiting transposition in vivo. To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which one of these repressors, the KP protein, inhibits transposition, a variety of mutant KP proteins were prepared and tested for their biochemical activities. The repressor activities of the wild-type and mutant KP proteins were tested in vitro using several different assays for P-element transposase activity. These studies indicate that the site-specific DNA-binding activity of the KP protein is essential for repressing transposase activity. The DNA-binding domain of the KP repressor protein is also shared with the transposase protein and resides in the N-terminal 88 amino acids. Within this region, there is a C2HC putative metal-binding motif that is required for site-specific DNA binding. In vitro the KP protein inhibits transposition by competing with the transposase enzyme for DNA-binding sites near the P-element termini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - DROSOPHILA
KW  - GENETIC repressors
KW  - TRANSLOCATION (Genetics)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - kp protein
KW  - p-element
KW  - repression
KW  - transposition
N1  - Accession Number: 13003399; Lee, Charles C. 1,2 Beall, Eileen L. 1 Rio, Donald C. 1; Email Address: don_rio@uclink4.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 401 Barker Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3204, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 701-1118, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 7/15/98, Vol. 17 Issue 14, p4166; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA; Subject Term: GENETIC repressors; Subject Term: TRANSLOCATION (Genetics); Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: kp protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: p-element; Author-Supplied Keyword: repression; Author-Supplied Keyword: transposition; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/17.14.4166
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seager, Carl
T1  - Cool tool.
JO  - Design News
JF  - Design News
Y1  - 1998/07/20/
VL  - 54
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
SN  - 00119407
AB  - Presents an electrostatic chuck design.  Its components; Advantages offered by the design.
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 942320; Seager, Carl 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories. (E) Albuquerque, NM 87185; (505) 844-9168.; Source Info: 7/20/98, Vol. 54 Issue 14, p72; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 164
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, K.T.
AU  - Layton, D.W.
T1  - Risk management for plausibly hormetic environmental carcinogens: The case of radon.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 1998/08//
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 467
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - Risk management typically involves efforts to reduce human exposures by establishing regulations that limit the concentration of the substance in environmental media. In cases where a substance is widely used in commerce or is naturally occurring in the environment, compliance costs can be substantial because of nationwide requirements to add expensive control technologies. Uncertainties in a dose-response function further impact risk management decisions because they may correspond to large differences in health benefit per unit exposure reduction. These problems are highlighted in the case of plausibly hormetic environmental carcinogens, for which a linear-no-threshold (LNT) dose-response model has been the traditional regulatory default assumption. In this case, model uncertainty is pivotal, and risk management is consequently inherently controversial. However, marginal cost functions that arise for plausibly hormetic carcinogens are expected to possess a common analytic feature that may be particularly useful for this type of risk management problem. Specifically, marginal cost functions in this context are expected to have roots reflecting contaminant concentration values above which regulatory goals may be optimally placed subject to cost constraints. Here we illustrate this heuristic feature in the case of residential radon, using both a LNT model and a biologically plausible hormetic model to predict associated risks of lung cancer mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Experimental Toxicology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Risk management in business
KW  - Industrial engineering
KW  - alpha
KW  - Dose-response model
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - hormesis
KW  - linear-no-threshold
KW  - radiation
KW  - risk management
N1  - Accession Number: 4664059; Bogen, K.T. 1; Layton, D.W. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Health and Ecological Assessment Division L-396, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 17 Issue 8, p463; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Subject Term: Risk management in business; Subject Term: Industrial engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: alpha; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dose-response model; Author-Supplied Keyword: epidemiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: hormesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear-no-threshold; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Meinzer, F. C.
AU  - Vertessy, R. A.
T1  - A review of whole-plant water use studies in tree.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1998/08//
VL  - 18
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
EP  - 512
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Weighing lysimeters, large-tree potometers, ventilated chambers, radioisotopes, stable isotopes and an array of heat balance/heat dissipation methods have been used to provide quantitative estimates of whole-tree water use. A survey of 52 studies conducted since 1970 indicated that rates of water use ranged from 10 kg day−1 for trees in a 32-year-old plantation of Quercus petraea L. ex Liebl. in eastern France to 1,180 kg day−1 for an overstory Euperua purpurea Bth. tree growing in the Amazonian rainforest. The studies included in this survey reported whole-tree estimates of water use for 67 species in over 35 genera. Almost 90% of the observations indicated maximum rates of daily water use between 10 and 200 kg day−1 for trees that averaged 21 m in height. The thermal techniques that made many of these estimates possible have gained widespread acceptance, and energy-balance, heat dissipation and heat-pulse systems are now routinely used with leaf-level measurements to investigate the relative importance of stomatal and boundary layer conductances in controlling canopy transpiration, whole-tree hydraulic conductance, coordinated control of whole-plant water transport, movement of water to and from sapwood storage, and whole-plant vulnerability of water transport to xylem cavitation. Techniques for estimating whole-tree water use complement existing approaches to calculating catchment water balance and provide the forest hydrologist with another tool for managing water resources. Energy-balance, heat dissipation and heat-pulse methods can be used to compare transpiration in different parts of a watershed or between adjacent trees, or to assess the contribution of transpiration from overstory and understory trees. Such studies often require that rates of water use be extrapolated from individual trees to that of stands and plantations. The ultimate success of this extrapolation depends in part on whether data covering short time sequences can be applied to longer periods of time. We conclude that techniques for estimating whole-tree water use have provided valuable tools for conducting basic and applied research. Future studies that emphasize the use of these techniques by both tree physiologists and forest hydrologists should be encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water reuse
KW  - Water balance (Hydrology)
KW  - Xylem
KW  - Stable isotopes
KW  - France
KW  - cavitation
KW  - decoupling coefficient
KW  - forest hydrology
KW  - hydraulic conductance
KW  - sap flow
KW  - scaling
KW  - stomatal conductance
KW  - transpiration
KW  - water storage
N1  - Accession Number: 80096781; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Meinzer, F. C. 2; Vertessy, R. A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA w5d@ornl.gov; 2: Hawaii Agriculture Research Center 99-193 Aiea Heights Drive, Suite 300, Aiea, HI 96701-3911, USA; 3: CSIRO Division of Water Resources GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 18 Issue 8/9, p499; Thesaurus Term: Water reuse; Thesaurus Term: Water balance (Hydrology); Subject Term: Xylem; Subject Term: Stable isotopes; Subject: France; Author-Supplied Keyword: cavitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: decoupling coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydraulic conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: sap flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: water storage; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luxmoore, R. J.
AU  - Hanson, P. J.
AU  - Beauchamp, J. J.
AU  - Joslin, J. D.
T1  - Passive nighttime warming facility for forest ecosystem research.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1998/08//
VL  - 18
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 615
EP  - 623
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - A nighttime warming experiment is proposed. Over the last four decades a significant rise in nighttime minimum temperature has been determined from analysis of meteorological records from a global distribution of locations. The experiment involves nighttime deployment of infrared (IR) reflecting curtains around four sides of a forest canopy and across the top of the forest to mimic the top-down warming effect of cloud cover. The curtains are deployed with cable and pulley systems mounted on a tower and scaffolding structure built around the selected forest site. The trunk space is not enclosed except as an optional manipulation. The curtains reflect long-wave radiation emitted from the forest and ground back into the forest warming the trees, litter, and soil. Excellent infrared reflection can be obtained with commercially available fabrics that have aluminum foil bonded to one side. A canopy warming of 3 to 5 °C is expected on cloudless nights, and on cloudy nights, a warming of 1 to 3 °C is anticipated relative to a control plot. The curtains are withdrawn by computer control during the day and also at night during periods with precipitation or excessive wind. Examples of hypothesized ecosystem responses to nighttime warming include: (1) increase in tree maintenance respiration (decreasing carbon reserves and ultimately tree growth), (2) increase in the length of the growing season (increasing growth), (3) increase in soil respiration, (4) increase in litter decomposition, (5) increase in mineralization of N and other nutrients from soil organic matter, (6) increase in nutrient uptake (increasing growth), and (7) increase in N immobilization in litter. Hypothesis 1 has the opposite consequence for tree growth to Hypotheses 2 and 6, and thus opposite consequences for the feedback regulation that vegetation has on net greenhouse gas releases to the atmosphere. If Hypothesis 1 is dominant, warming could lead to more warming from the additional CO2 emissions. Site-specific meteorological, ecophysiological, and phenological measurements are obtained in the warming treatment and in a carefully selected control plot to investigate site-specific hypotheses. Measurements made on both plots for a baseline period and during the period of curtain deployment provide data to test the hypotheses statistically by the “before-after-control-impact” method applicable to unreplicated experiments. The enclosure has a modular design that can be adapted and combined with other forest-scale manipulation experiments such as free air CO2 enrichment and throughfall displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Respiration in plants
KW  - Wildlife conservation
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Forest canopies
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - decomposition
KW  - forest ecosystem manipulation
KW  - infrared reflection
KW  - mineralization
KW  - respiration
KW  - temperature
KW  - tree growth
N1  - Accession Number: 80096795; Luxmoore, R. J. 1; Hanson, P. J. 1; Beauchamp, J. J. 2; Joslin, J. D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 3: Tennessee Valley Authority, Atmospheric Sciences Norris, TN 37828-0920, USA; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 18 Issue 8/9, p615; Thesaurus Term: Respiration in plants; Thesaurus Term: Wildlife conservation; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Forest canopies; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest ecosystem manipulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: infrared reflection; Author-Supplied Keyword: mineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: tree growth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kost-Alimova, M. V.
AU  - Glesne, D. A.
AU  - Huberman, E.
AU  - Zelenin, A. V.
T1  - Assignment<FOOTREF>[sup 1] </FOOTREF> of inosine ′-monophosphate dehydrogenase type 2 (IMPDH2) to human chromosome band 3p21.2 by in situ hybridization.
JO  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
JF  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
Y1  - 1998/08/15/
VL  - 82
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 146
SN  - 03010171
AB  - This article describes an experiment on mapping of inosine 5-monophosphate dehydrogenase type 2 (IMPDH2) to human chromosome band 3p21.2 by in situ hybridization. Inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH, E.C. 1.1.1.205) is the rate limiting enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, and is encoded by two genes termed types I and II. Increased IMPDH activity has been found in an assortment of tumors, while decreased IMPDH activity has been observed during differentiation of various cell types.
KW  - IMP dehydrogenase
KW  - HUMAN genetics
KW  - HUMAN chromosomes
KW  - HUMAN gene mapping
KW  - ONCOLOGY
KW  - IN situ hybridization
KW  - NUCLEOSIDES
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
N1  - Accession Number: 12184308; Kost-Alimova, M. V. 1 Glesne, D. A. 2 Huberman, E. 2; Email Address: elih@anl.gov Zelenin, A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.  2: Center for Mechanistic Biology and Biotechnology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.; Source Info: Aug98, Vol. 82 Issue 3/4, p145; Subject Term: IMP dehydrogenase; Subject Term: HUMAN genetics; Subject Term: HUMAN chromosomes; Subject Term: HUMAN gene mapping; Subject Term: ONCOLOGY; Subject Term: IN situ hybridization; Subject Term: NUCLEOSIDES; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000015088
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seurin, Jean-Francois P.
AU  - Guobin Liu
AU  - Barnes, Daniel C.
AU  - Babic, Dubravko I.
AU  - Corzine, Scott W.
AU  - Tan, Michael R. T.
T1  - A finite-difference time-domain electromagnetic field solver for vertical-cavity lasers.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1998/08/20/
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 387
SN  - 08952477
AB  - We present a full-vector Maxwell equation solver for the analysis of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with circular symmetry using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. We apply this model to the air-post index-guided 1.55 μm VCSEL structure, and determine the resonant wavelengths and the quality factor for selected lowest order modes. The results of this study enable quantitative and qualitative descriptions of the transverse-mode competition and emission spectra of VCSELs. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 18: 385–387, 1998. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - DIELECTRIC resonators
KW  - electromagnetic field solver
KW  - finite-difference time-domain methods
KW  - vertical-cavity lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 13448542; Seurin, Jean-Francois P. 1 Guobin Liu 1 Barnes, Daniel C. 2 Babic, Dubravko I. 3 Corzine, Scott W. 3 Tan, Michael R. T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana -- Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, California 94304-1392; Source Info: 8/20/98, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p385; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: DIELECTRIC resonators; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic field solver; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite-difference time-domain methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: vertical-cavity lasers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tribble, Diane L.
T1  - Further evidence of the cardiovascular benefits of diets enriched in carotenoids.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Y1  - 1998/09//
VL  - 68
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 522
SN  - 00029165
N1  - Accession Number: 97238038; Tribble, Diane L. 1; Email Address: dltribble@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Donner Laboratory, Room 465, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720; Issue Info: Sep98, Vol. 68 Issue 3, p521; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Draper, John V.
AU  - Kaber, David B.
AU  - Draper, J V
AU  - Kaber, D B
AU  - Usher, J M
T1  - Telepresence.
JO  - Human Factors
JF  - Human Factors
Y1  - 1998/09//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - journal article
SP  - 354
EP  - 375
SN  - 00187208
AB  - Telepresence, the perception of presence within a physically remote or simulated site, has been identified as a design ideal for synthetic environments. However, confusion exists within the literature about the precise definition of telepresence. Furthermore, there is a need for a plausible and parsimonious model of telepresence. This paper identifies three types of telepresence extant in the literature: simple telepresence, cybernetic telepresence, and experiential telepresence. The third definition is the most interesting. This paper reviews the origins of experiential telepresence and the theoretical approaches commonly used to explain it. One can term these technological approaches, which emphasize the role of control/display technology, and psychological approaches, which identify experiential telepresence with known psychological phenomena. Finally, the paper presents and discusses an integrative approach to telepresence featuring a structured attentional resource model. Actual or potential applications of this research include the design of future human-machine interfaces for teleoperated robots and virtual reality systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human Factors is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERGONOMICS
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - PARAPSYCHOLOGY
KW  - COMMUNICATION
KW  - COMPARATIVE studies
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - RESEARCH -- Methodology
KW  - MEDICAL cooperation
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - ROBOTICS
KW  - USER interfaces (Computer systems)
KW  - THEORY
KW  - EVALUATION -- Research
N1  - Accession Number: 1379232; Draper, John V. Kaber, David B. Draper, J V 1 Kaber, D B Usher, J M; Affiliation:  1: Robotics and Process Systems Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6304, USA; Source Info: Sep1998, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p354; Subject Term: ERGONOMICS; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: PARAPSYCHOLOGY; Subject Term: COMMUNICATION; Subject Term: COMPARATIVE studies; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Methodology; Subject Term: MEDICAL cooperation; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ROBOTICS; Subject Term: USER interfaces (Computer systems); Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: EVALUATION -- Research; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: journal article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas C. Peterson
AU  - Russell Vose
AU  - Richard Schmoyer
AU  - Vyachevslav Razuvaëv
T1  - Global historical climatology network (GHCN) quality control of monthly temperature data.
JO  - International Journal of Climatology
JF  - International Journal of Climatology
Y1  - 1998/09//
VL  - 18
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1169
EP  - 1179
SN  - 08998418
AB  - All geophysical data bases need some form of quality assurance. Otherwise, erroneous data points may produce faulty analyses. However, simplistic quality control procedures have been known to contribute to erroneous conclusions by removing valid data points that were more extreme than the data set compilers expected. In producing version 2 of the global historical climatology network's (GHCN's) temperature data sets, a variety of quality control tests were evaluated and a specialized suite of procedures was developed. Quality control traditionally relies primarily on checks for outliers from both a time series and spatial perspective, the latter accomplished by comparisons with neighbouring stations. This traditional approach was used, and it was determined that there are many data problems that require additional tests to detect. In this paper a suite of quality control tests are justified and documented and applied to this global temperature data base, emphasizing the logic and limitations of each test. © 1998 Royal Meteorological Society [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Climatology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Databases
N1  - Accession Number: 20383396; Thomas C. Peterson 1; Russell Vose 2; Richard Schmoyer 3; Vyachevslav Razuvaëv 4; Affiliations: 1: National Climatic Data Center/NOAA, Asheville, NC 28801, USA; 2: Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory/DOE, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 4: Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information, Obninsk, Russian Federation; Issue Info: Sep1998, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p1169; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Subject Term: Quality assurance; Subject Term: Databases; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - E. J. Olajos
AU  - E. W. Morgan
AU  - R. A. Renne
AU  - H. Salem
AU  - B. McVeety
AU  - R. Johnson
AU  - R. L. Phelps
T1  - Acute inhalation toxicity of neutralized Chemical Agent Identification Sets (CAIS) containing agent in chloroform.
JO  - Journal of Applied Toxicology
JF  - Journal of Applied Toxicology
Y1  - 1998/09//Sep/Oct1998
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 371
SN  - 0260437X
AB  - An acute head-only inhalation study was conducted in rats exposed for 1 h to product solution (wastestream) resultant from the chemical neutralization of Chemical Agent Identification Sets (CAIS) containing agent (sulfur mustard (HD), nitrogen mustard (HN-1) or lewisite (L)) in chloroform. Groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to varying concentrations (24 000, 18 000, 12 000 or 6000 ppm) of CAIS wastestream. An additional group was exposed to the vehicle (chloroform/t-butanol) only, at a concentration equivalent to the concentration of vehicle at the highest exposure level. Animals were evaluated for toxic effects, including assessment of toxicant-induced alterations to the ocular and respiratory systems. Mortality on exposure to 24 000 ppm of test article or to vehicle alone was high. Mortality in the other exposure groups was roughly proportional to the concentration of test article (wastestream). Toxic signs were consistent with exposure to solvent system components (chloroform/t-butanol) and to agent decomposition products/by-products. Incidence and severity of ocular effects were similar in vehicle control and treatment groups. The salient respiratory effect observed was a decreased minute volume, which was also noted in vehicle and treatment groups. &copy; 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Toxicology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chloroform
KW  - Chlorohydrocarbons
KW  - Respiratory organs
KW  - Anesthetics
N1  - Accession Number: 18468062; E. J. Olajos 1; E. W. Morgan 2; R. A. Renne 2; H. Salem 1; B. McVeety 2; R. Johnson 2; R. L. Phelps 2; Affiliations: 1: Edgewood Research Development and Engineering Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA; 2: od Research Development and Engineering Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA, <SUP>A1</SUP>, Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Sep/Oct1998, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p363; Thesaurus Term: Chloroform; Thesaurus Term: Chlorohydrocarbons; Subject Term: Respiratory organs; Subject Term: Anesthetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin, Jack
AU  - Dongxiao Zhang
T1  - Stochastic analysis of biodegradation fronts in one-dimensional heterogeneous porous media.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 1998/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 116
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Focuses on a one-dimensional model biodegradation system. Analysis of biodegradation fronts in one-dimensional heterogeneous porous media; Way in which the system can be approximated; Equations included in the system.
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Decomposition (Chemistry)
KW  - Stochastic analysis
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Mathematical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12033877; Xin, Jack 1; Dongxiao Zhang 2; Affiliations: 1: Applied Math Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.; 2: EES-5, MS F665, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Issue Info: Oct1998, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p103; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Decomposition (Chemistry); Subject Term: Stochastic analysis; Subject Term: Porous materials; Subject Term: Biochemistry; Subject Term: Mathematical analysis; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(98)0007-4
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schroth, M. H.
AU  - Istok, J. D.
AU  - Selker, J. S.
AU  - Oostrom, M.
AU  - White, M. D.
T1  - Multifluid flow in bedded porous media: laboratory experiments and numerical simulations.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 1998/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 183
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Focuses on light nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) movement in heterogeneous vadose environment. Importance of understanding the LNAPL movement; Investigation of LNAPL movement near a sloping fine-over coarse-grained textural interface; Simulator used for the performance of numerical simulations.
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Light nonaqueous phase liquids
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Fluids
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Fluid mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 12033882; Schroth, M. H. 1; Istok, J. D. 1; Selker, J. S. 1; Oostrom, M. 2; White, M. D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Bioresource Engineering, Oregon State University, 202 Apperson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environment Technology Division, K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA.; Issue Info: Oct1998, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p169; Thesaurus Term: Hydraulics; Subject Term: Light nonaqueous phase liquids; Subject Term: Multiphase flow; Subject Term: Fluids; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Fluid mechanics; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(97)00043-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benzi, Michele
AU  - Kouhia, Reijo
AU  - Tuma, Miroslav
T1  - An assessment of some preconditioning techniques in shell problems.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1998/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 897
EP  - 906
SN  - 10698299
AB  - Preconditioned Krylov subspace methods have proved to be efficient in solving large, sparse linear systems in many areas of scientific computing. The success of these methods in many cases is due to the existence of good preconditioning techniques. In problems of structural mechanics, like the analysis of heat transfer and deformation of solid bodies, iterative solution of the linear equation system can result in a significant reduction of computing time. Also many preconditioning techniques can be applied to these problems, thus facilitating the choice of an optimal preconditioning on the particular computer architecture available. However, in the analysis of thin shells the situation is not so transparent. It is well known that the stiffness matrices generated by the FE discretization of thin shells are very ill-conditioned. Thus, many preconditioning techniques fail to converge or they converge too slowly to be competitive with direct solvers. In this study, the performance of some general preconditioning techniques on shell problems is examined. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering)
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - conjugate gradient
KW  - finite elements
KW  - preconditioning
KW  - shells
N1  - Accession Number: 13440169; Benzi, Michele 1 Kouhia, Reijo 2; Email Address: reijo.kouhia@hut.fi Tuma, Miroslav 3; Affiliation:  1: Scientific Computing Group CIC-19, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  2: Laboratory of Structural Mechanics, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 2100, 02015 HUT, Finland  3: Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 07 Prague 8, Czech Republic; Source Info: Oct98, Vol. 14 Issue 10, p897; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: COMPUTER architecture; Author-Supplied Keyword: conjugate gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: shells; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haarmann, Timothy K.
T1  - Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) as Indicators of Radionuclide Contamination: Investigating Contaminant Redistribution Using Concentrations in Water, Flowers, and Honey Bees.
JO  - Journal of Economic Entomology
JF  - Journal of Economic Entomology
Y1  - 1998/10//
VL  - 91
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1072
EP  - 1077
SN  - 00220493
AB  - As part of ongoing research concerning the use of honey bees, Apis mellifera L., as indicators of environmental radionuclide contamination, samples of water, flowers, and honey bees were collected for 2 consecutive years. The samples were collected within a study site containing radionuclide contamination above background levels. The samples were analyzed for concentrations of radionuclide's, and the results were compared using rank sum, correlation, and trend analysis. Results were then used to assess the redistribution pathway of radionuclide's within the study site. Results indicate that honey bees receive the majority of their contamination directly from the source, a radioactive waste lagoon. The amount of contamination the honey bees receive from flowers during nectar collection appears to be insignificant compared to the amount received during water collection. Results did not demonstrate significant patterns of correlation or trend between the lagoon, bees, or flowers. Sample results showed a significant boo accumulation of cobalt-60 and sodillm-22 within the honey bees but no significant boo accumulation within the flowers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Economic Entomology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Honeybees
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Radioactive pollution of water
KW  - Radioactive contamination in plants
KW  - Radioactive contamination
KW  - Bioaccumulation in plants
KW  - Bioaccumulation in invertebrates
KW  - Apis mellifera
KW  - bioaccumlliation
KW  - contamination
KW  - ecotoxicology
KW  - honey bees
KW  - radionuclides
N1  - Accession Number: 101035402; Haarmann, Timothy K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Ecological Studies Team, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Issue Info: Oct1998, Vol. 91 Issue 5, p1072; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: Honeybees; Subject Term: Bioindicators; Subject Term: Radioactive pollution of water; Subject Term: Radioactive contamination in plants; Subject Term: Radioactive contamination; Subject Term: Bioaccumulation in plants; Subject Term: Bioaccumulation in invertebrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apis mellifera; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioaccumlliation; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecotoxicology; Author-Supplied Keyword: honey bees; Author-Supplied Keyword: radionuclides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112910 Apiculture; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Dale H.
AU  - Arrigo, Kevin R.
AU  - Kolber, Zbigniew
AU  - Gosselin, Michel
AU  - Sullivan, Cornelius W.
T1  - PHOTOPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF NUTRIENT LIMITATION OF PLATELET ICE ALGAE IN MCMURDO SOUND, ANTARCTICA.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1998/10//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 788
EP  - 797
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Reports on the interpretation of seasonally changing photopysiological and biochemical characteristics of sea ice microalgae with respect to light availability and measurements of nutrient concentrations made at high vertical resolution during a dense bloom in the platelet ice layer of McMurdo Sound in the Antarctica in 1989.  Photoacclimative response exhibited by the algae; Nutrient depletion from high resolution vertical profiles.
KW  - Microalgae
KW  - Sea ice
KW  - McMurdo Sound (Antarctica)
KW  - Antarctica
N1  - Accession Number: 11177604; Robinson, Dale H. 1; Email Address: dale@neptune.gsfc.nasa.gov; Arrigo, Kevin R. 2; Kolber, Zbigniew 3; Gosselin, Michel 4; Sullivan, Cornelius W. 5; Affiliations: 1: Universities Space Research Association, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; 2: National Aeronautics and Space Administration; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences; 4: Departement d'oceanographie, Universite du Quebec a Rimonski; 5: Vice Provost for Research, University of Southern California; Issue Info: Oct98, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p788; Thesaurus Term: Microalgae; Thesaurus Term: Sea ice; Subject: McMurdo Sound (Antarctica); Subject: Antarctica; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gebre, G. Michael
AU  - Tschaplinski, Timothy J.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Todd, Donald E.
T1  - Clonal and seasonal differences in leaf osmotic potential and organic solutes of five hybrid poplar clones grown under field conditions.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1998/10//
VL  - 18
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 645
EP  - 652
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Leaf osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψπo) and the major solutes that contribute to osmotic potential were characterized in five hybrid poplar clones of Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray × P. deltoides Bartr. (TD) and P. deltoides × P. nigra L. (DN), growing under field conditions at two sites in eastern Washington and Oregon, USA. Trees were drip irrigated with 46, 76 or 137 cm of supplemental irrigation during each growing season. Trees at Wallula, WA, which were in their third growing season in 1994, were sampled twice a year for two years (1994 and 1995), and trees at Boardman, OR, which were in their second growing season in 1994, were sampled once a year for three years (1994–1996). At Wallula, the TD and DN clones exhibited lower predawn leaf water potentials in the 46-cm treatment than in the 137-cm treatment (–1.2 versus –0.7 MPa) during a hot, dry period in July 1994. Clone TD had a lower Ψπo than Clone DN (–1.67 versus –1.56 MPa) during the same period and the difference was also evident in 1995 (–1.81 versus –1.72 MPa) when trees were in their fourth growing season. There was also a significant treatment effect on Ψπo in Clone TD, with trees in the 46-cm treatment having lower Ψπo than trees in the 137-cm treatment in July 1994. At Boardman, Ψπo was generally high with no treatment differences during the 1994–96 samplings. The TD clones had significantly lower Ψπo than the DN clones in 1994 (–1.44 versus –1.36 MPa) and 1996 (–1.72 versus –1.54 MPa), but there was no difference between clones in 1995 (–1.40 versus –1.43 MPa). In 1995, at Wallula, osmotic adjustment in Clone TD was largely accounted for by an increase in sucrose, which constituted 70% of total organic solutes. Although the total concentration of free primary amino acids in this clone was 28% higher in trees in the 46-cm treatment than in trees in the 137-cm treatment, amino acids constituted only a small fraction of the total solute pool. Sixty-two percent of total solutes were inorganic ions in Clone TD compared to 52% in Clone DN, and potassium was the main ion constituting about 30% of total solutes and 50% of total ions. However, the clonal difference in Ψπo was not fully accounted for by the difference in solute concentration. Osmotic potential at full turgor declined over the growing season and with age. We conclude that, because the extent of osmotic adjustment exhibited by these clones was small, other drought resistance mechanisms contributed to the clonal differences in field performance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Osmosis
KW  - Black cottonwood
KW  - Black poplar
KW  - Fremont cottonwood
KW  - Wallula (Wash.)
KW  - Washington (State)
KW  - Oregon
KW  - carbohydrate
KW  - free primary amino acids
KW  - irrigation
KW  - osmotic adjustment
KW  - osmotic potential
KW  - Populus
KW  - potassium
N1  - Accession Number: 51808159; Gebre, G. Michael 1; Tschaplinski, Timothy J. 1; Tuskan, Gerald A. 1; Todd, Donald E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Oct1998, Vol. 18 Issue 10, p645; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Osmosis; Subject Term: Black cottonwood; Subject Term: Black poplar; Subject Term: Fremont cottonwood; Subject: Wallula (Wash.); Subject: Washington (State); Subject: Oregon; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbohydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: free primary amino acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: irrigation; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populus; Author-Supplied Keyword: potassium; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tschaplinski, Timothy J.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Gebre, G. Michael
AU  - Todd, Donald E.
T1  - Drought resistance of two hybrid Populus clones grown in a large-scale plantation.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 1998/10//
VL  - 18
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 658
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Poplar hybrids were grown with irrigation in a large-scale plantation to investigate the mechanisms underlying clonal differences in drought resistance. Beginning in spring 1992, Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoides (TD) and P. deltoides × P. nigra (DN) cuttings received 46, 76, or 137 cm year−1 of irrigation to supplement the 18–20 cm of annual precipitation, and all trees received the same fertilization regime. Stem volume, assessed as the square of stem diameter at breast height times tree height (D2H), and water relations of the trees were studied from the end of their second growing season until the end of their fifth growing season. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plants -- Drought tolerance
KW  - Drought-tolerant plants
KW  - Tree growth
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Black cottonwood
KW  - Black poplar
KW  - Fremont cottonwood
KW  - carbon allocation
KW  - leaf water potential
KW  - osmotic potential
KW  - poplar
KW  - root density
KW  - soil water content
N1  - Accession Number: 51808155; Tschaplinski, Timothy J.; Tuskan, Gerald A.; Gebre, G. Michael; Todd, Donald E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Oct1998, Vol. 18 Issue 10, p653; Thesaurus Term: Plants -- Drought tolerance; Thesaurus Term: Drought-tolerant plants; Thesaurus Term: Tree growth; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Black cottonwood; Subject Term: Black poplar; Subject Term: Fremont cottonwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf water potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: poplar; Author-Supplied Keyword: root density; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil water content; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radnedge, Lyndsay
AU  - Youngren, Brenda
AU  - Davis, Michael
AU  - Austin, Stuart
T1  - Probing the structure of complex macromolecular interactions by homolog specificity scanning: the P1 and P7 plasmid partition systems.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1998/10/15/
VL  - 17
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6076
EP  - 6085
SN  - 02614189
AB  - The P1 plasmid partition locus, P1 par, actively distributes plasmid copies to Escherichia coli daughter cells. It encodes two DNA sites and two proteins, ParA and ParB. Plasmid P7 uses a similar system, but the key macromolecular interactions are species specific. Homolog specificity scanning (HSS) exploits such specificities to map critical contact points between component macromolecules. The ParA protein contacts the par operon operator for operon autoregulation, and the ParB contacts the parS partition site during partition. Here, we refine the mapping of these contacts and extend the use of HSS to map protein—protein contacts. We found that ParB participates in autoregulation at the operator site by making a specific contact with ParA. Similarly, ParA acts in partition by making a specific contact with ParB bound at parS. Both these interactions involve contacts between a C-terminal region of ParA and the extreme N-terminus of ParB. As a single type of ParA—ParB complex appears to be involved in recognizing both DNA sites, the operator and the parS sites may both be occupied by a single protein complex during partition. The general HSS strategy may aid in solving the three-dimensional structures of large complexes of macromolecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMIDS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - NUCLEIC acid probes
KW  - OPERONS
KW  - GENE mapping
KW  - dna
KW  - homolog specificity scanning
KW  - macromolecular interactions
KW  - plasmid partition systems
KW  - protein interactions
KW  - protein&mdash
N1  - Accession Number: 13003608; Radnedge, Lyndsay 1 Youngren, Brenda 2 Davis, Michael 3 Austin, Stuart 2; Email Address: austin@ncifcrf.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-452, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology, ABL-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA  3: Department of Biological Services, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT 06050, USA; Source Info: 10/15/98, Vol. 17 Issue 20, p6076; Subject Term: PLASMIDS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acid probes; Subject Term: OPERONS; Subject Term: GENE mapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: dna; Author-Supplied Keyword: homolog specificity scanning; Author-Supplied Keyword: macromolecular interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasmid partition systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein&mdash; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/17.20.6076
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tompson, Andrew F. B.
AU  - Falgout, Robert D.
AU  - Smith, Steven G.
AU  - Bosl, William J.
AU  - Ashby, Steven F.
T1  - Analysis of subsurface contaminant migration and remediation using high performance computing.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 1998/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 221
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Analyzes subsurface contaminant migration and remediation using high performance computing. Applicability of stochastic models of groundwater flow and transport; Models used to represent hydraulic conductivity variation.
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Environmental remediation
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Fluids -- Migration
N1  - Accession Number: 12017225; Tompson, Andrew F. B. 1; Falgout, Robert D. 2; Smith, Steven G. 2; Bosl, William J. 2; Ashby, Steven F. 2; Affiliations: 1: Geosciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA.; 2: Center for Applied Scientific Computation, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA, USA.; Issue Info: Nov1998, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p203; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater flow; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Environmental remediation; Thesaurus Term: Hydraulics; Thesaurus Term: Fluids -- Migration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(98)00013-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheibe, Timothy
AU  - Yabusaki, Steven
T1  - Scaling of flow and transport behavior in heterogeneous groundwater systems.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 1998/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 238
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Focuses on scaling of flow and transport behavior in heterogeneous groundwater systems. Hydraulic conductivity parameters in quantitative groundwater models; Applications of groundwater modeling.
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Water transfer
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Fluids -- Migration
N1  - Accession Number: 12017226; Scheibe, Timothy 1; Email Address: tim.scheibe@pnl.gov; Yabusaki, Steven 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA.; Issue Info: Nov1998, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p223; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Thesaurus Term: Hydraulics; Thesaurus Term: Water transfer; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater flow; Thesaurus Term: Fluids -- Migration; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(98)00014-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Candy, J. V.
T1  - Dynamic surface imaging for the space shuttle experiments.
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 1998/11//
VL  - 9
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 474
SN  - 08999457
AB  - In this article we discuss various techniques developed to estimate the position and velocity vector of the surface of an object subjected to various forces, both translational and rotational, during an analysis experiment to be performed on the U.S. Space Shuttle. This dynamical information will be used to understand the underlying dynamics of the overall system under investigation and develop an improved design. Here the emphasis is on the measurement sensor and the basic image processing required to achieve the goal of making this measurement. The scheme will be to provide a small cylindrical hole(s) in the mechanism under investigation, illuminate the surface through this “porthole,” and obtain a real-time image of the surface on a charged-coupled device (CCD) sensor array. The CCD array data will be compressed and transmitted to the ground tracking station as well as archived for future processing. Also, the design of an optimal tracker capable of providing both two-dimensional position and velocity estimates in real time is discussed. In this case, data synthesized from a dynamic simulation are processed demonstrating its capability and predicted performance. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol 9: 463–474, 1998 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE shuttles
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - SPEED
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - IMAGE processing
N1  - Accession Number: 13509886; Candy, J. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-156, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: Nov98, Vol. 9 Issue 6, p463; Subject Term: SPACE shuttles; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehoucq, R. B.
AU  - Meerbergen, Karl
T1  - USING GENERALIZED CAYLEY TRANSFORMATIONS WITHIN AN INEXACT RATIONAL KRYLOV SEQUENCE METHOD.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1998/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 148
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - The rational Krylov sequence (RKS) method is a generalization of Arnoldi's method. It constructs an orthogonal reduction of a matrix pencil into an upper Hessenberg pencil. The RKS method is useful when the matrix pencil may be efficiently factored. This paper considers approximately solving the resulting linear systems with iterative methods. We show that a Cayley transformation leads to a more efficient and robust eigensolver than the usual shift-invert transformation when the linear systems are solved inexactly within the RKS method. A relationship with the recently introduced Jacobi­Davidson method is also established.
KW  - SEQUENCES (Mathematics)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - CAYLEY graphs
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - Arnoldi method
KW  - Cayley transformation
KW  - eigenvalues
KW  - generalized eigenvalue problem
KW  - rational Krylov sequence
N1  - Accession Number: 13213427; Lehoucq, R. B. 1,2; Email Address: rlehoucq@cs.sandia.gov Meerbergen, Karl 3; Email Address: K.A.Y.Meerbergen@rl.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS, Albuquerque, NM  3: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p131; Subject Term: SEQUENCES (Mathematics); Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: CAYLEY graphs; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Arnoldi method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cayley transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvalues; Author-Supplied Keyword: generalized eigenvalue problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: rational Krylov sequence; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flemming, C A
AU  - Palmer, R J
AU  - Arrage, A A
AU  - van der Mei, H C
AU  - White, D C
T1  - Cell surface physicochemistry alters biofilm development of pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide mutants.
JO  - Biofouling
JF  - Biofouling
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 231
SN  - 08927014
AB  - The hydrophobic and electrostatic characteristics of bacterial cell surfaces were compared with attachment proclivity and biomass accumulation over time between wildtype Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O6 (possesses A and B band LPS), and three LPS‐deficient mutants, viz. A28 (A+B‐), R5 (A+B‐), and Gt700 (A‐B‐). The hydrophobic character of each serotype was determined by hydrophobic interaction chromatography and salt‐aggregation, and strains were ranked similarly by each method, viz. R5 ≥ A28 > Gt700 > 06. The anionic characteristics of cell‐surfaces were determined by electrostatic interaction chromatography and by zeta‐potential measurements, and ranked R5 > A28 ≥ Gt700 > 06. Adhesion and biofilm accumulation on stainless steel were significantly different between strains, following the order R5 > A28 >> O6>Gt700. Biofilm rankings were similar on glass, a second hydrophilic substratum. The mutant strains with a strongly hydrophobic character (R5 and A28) demonstrated a significantly greater capacity to form biofilms. These adherent mutants also appeared to have a more anionic cell surface, which may have played a role in biofilm formation on the hydrophilic substrata. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Biofouling is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75843527; Flemming, C A 1,2; Palmer, R J 1; Arrage, A A 1; van der Mei, H C 3; White, D C 1,4; Affiliations: 1: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA; 2: Nalco Canada Incorporated, 1055 Truman Street, Burlington, ON L7R 3Y9, Canada Fax:  E-mail: cflemming@nalco.com; 3: Laboratory for Materia Technica, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA; Issue Info: Dec1998, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p213; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08927019809378382
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, L. J.
AU  - Griffith, B. E.
T1  - A faster Galerkin boundary integral algorithm.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1109
EP  - 1117
SN  - 10698299
AB  - The symmetry present in Green's functions is exploited to significantly reduce the matrix assembly time for a Galerkin boundary integral analysis. A relatively simple modification of the standard Galerkin implementation for computing the non-singular integrals yields a 20–30 per cent decrease in computation time. This faster Galerkin method is developed for both singular and hypersingular equations, and applied to symmetric-Galerkin implementations in two dimensions for the Laplace equation and for orthotropic elasticity. In three dimensions, the modified algorithm has been implemented for the singular equation for the Laplace and elastodynamics equations. Comparison timing results for standard and modified algorithms are presented. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - GREEN'S functions
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13440185; Gray, L. J. 1 Griffith, B. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367, U.S.A.  2: Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1892, U.S.A; Source Info: Dec98, Vol. 14 Issue 12, p1109; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, K.T.
T1  - Mechanistic model predicts a U-shaped relation of radon exposure to lung cancer risk reflected in combined occupational and US residential data.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 691
EP  - 696
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - A mechanistically based cytodynamic two-stage (CD2) cancer model was shown recently to predict both ecologic US county data and underground-miner data on lung-cancer mortality (LCM) vs radon concentration, indicating biological plausibility of the apparent negative dose-response relation exhibited by the ecologic data.[sup ] To further investigate this hypothesis, the CD2 model was fitted to combine age-specific LCM data vs estimated radon-exposure in white females of age 40+ years in 2821 US counties during 1950 – 1954 using new estimates of county-specific mean residential radon exposure, and in five cohorts of underground nonsmoking miners. The negative association of radon levels and corresponding county-level LCM rates apparent in women dying in 1950 – 1954 (11% of whom never smoked) was also apparent in women of age 60+ years (5% of whom never smoked). The CD2 fit obtained to the combined residential and occupational data was found to predict the combined data using biologically plausible parameter values, and also to predict inverse dose-rate effects exhibited in nonsmoking miner data to which the CD2 model was not fit. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that residential radon exposure has a nonlinear U-shaped relation to LCM risk, and that current linear extrapolation models substantially overestimate such risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Experimental Toxicology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radon
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Hormesis
KW  - Lungs -- Cancer -- Risk factors
KW  - alpha
KW  - cytotoxicity
KW  - dose-response models
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - hormesis
KW  - multistage
KW  - mutation
KW  - radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 4664086; Bogen, K.T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Health and Ecological Assessment Division, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 17 Issue 12, p691; Thesaurus Term: Radon; Thesaurus Term: Carcinogens; Thesaurus Term: Carcinogenicity; Subject Term: Hormesis; Subject Term: Lungs -- Cancer -- Risk factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: alpha; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose-response models; Author-Supplied Keyword: epidemiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: hormesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: multistage; Author-Supplied Keyword: mutation; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, K.T.
T1  - Comments on papers by Andersen and Conolly and by Downs and Frankowski.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 711
EP  - 712
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - Comments on studies which described a mechanistic cancer model fit to U-shaped dose-response data on enzymatically altered hepatocellular foci in rats.  Prediction of a U-shaped dose-response relation; Discussion on a dose-response function involving a linear ratio modelling competing saturable activation and repair processes.
KW  - Dose-response relationship (Biochemistry)
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Diethylnitrosamine
KW  - dioxin
KW  - dose
KW  - hormesis
KW  - response
KW  - U-shape
N1  - Accession Number: 4664088; Bogen, K.T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Health and Ecological Assessment Division, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 17 Issue 12, p711; Thesaurus Term: Dose-response relationship (Biochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Carcinogens; Subject Term: Cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diethylnitrosamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: dioxin; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: hormesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: response; Author-Supplied Keyword: U-shape; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, K.T.
T1  - Response to reviewer comments.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 716
EP  - 718
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - Presents a response to claims that assumptions underlying the CD2 model introduce a U-shaped exposure-response relationship on the net proliferation rate of initiated cells.  Parameter values used in hormesis prediction; Information on the cytotoxic potency of radon in human lung cells; Data needed for the predictions of lung-cancer risk associated with low-level radon exposures.
KW  - Toxicology -- Dose-response relationship
KW  - Radon
KW  - Health
KW  - Lungs -- Cancer -- Risk factors
KW  - Hormesis
N1  - Accession Number: 4664084; Bogen, K.T. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Issue Info: 1998, Vol. 17 Issue 12, p716; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology -- Dose-response relationship; Thesaurus Term: Radon; Thesaurus Term: Health; Subject Term: Lungs -- Cancer -- Risk factors; Subject Term: Hormesis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mauro, Theodora
AU  - Bench, Graham
AU  - Sidderas-Haddad, Elias
AU  - Feingold, Kenneth
AU  - Elias, Peter
AU  - Cullander, Christopher
T1  - Acute Barrier Perturbation Abolishes the Ca2+ and K+ Gradients in Murine Epidermis: Quantitative Measurement Using PIXE.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 111
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1198
EP  - 1201
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis requires the delivery of lipids and hydrolytic enzymes by lamellar body exocytosis from the uppermost granular cells, a process that is upregulated following barrier disruption. As lamellar body secretion is controlled by ionic concentrations, especially Ca2+ and K+, we used a quantitative technique, microbeam proton-induced X-ray emission, to measure Ca2+, K+, Cl–, and P concentrations before and after acute barrier perturbation by acetone applications. We found a steep gradient of Ca2+ in normal tissue, peaking in the outer stratum granulosum, which disappeared after barrier disruption, and partially reformed as the barrier recovered. A similar gradient, peaking somewhat lower in the epidermis (i.e., at the stratum granulosum–stratum corneum interface), was found for K+. Epidermal concentrations of K+ also decreased after barrier abrogation, although to a lesser extent than Ca2+. In contrast, P and Cl– demonstrated distribution gradients at baseline, which remained unchanged after barrier disruption. These studies quantitate the levels of Ca2+, K+, Cl–, and P within specific epidermal cell layers at baseline, and in relation to changes in permeability barrier integrity. Ca2+ and K+, but not Cl– or P, decrease after barrier disruption, consistent with these two ion’s role in barrier repair. Key word: epidermal permeability barrier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPIDERMIS
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - HOMEOSTASIS
KW  - PERMEABILITY
N1  - Accession Number: 5661495; Mauro, Theodora 1 Bench, Graham 1,2 Sidderas-Haddad, Elias 1,2 Feingold, Kenneth 1,3 Elias, Peter 1 Cullander, Christopher 1; Affiliation:  1: Dermatology and Medical (Metabolism) Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California;  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory;  3: Departments of Dermatology, Medicine, and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California; Source Info: Dec98, Vol. 111 Issue 6, p1198; Subject Term: EPIDERMIS; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Subject Term: HOMEOSTASIS; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00421.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vergara, Juan J.
AU  - Berges, John A.
AU  - Falkowski, Paul G.
T1  - DIEL PERIODICITY OF NITRATE REDUCTASE ACTIVITY AND PROTEIN LEVELS IN THE MARINE DIATOM THALASSIOSIRA WEISSFLOGII (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE).
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 952
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Investigates diel periodicity of nitrate reductase activity and protein levels in the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogh (bacillariophyceae).  Cross-reaction of antibodies only with proteins from closely related diatom species; Suggestion of significant epitopic variation of the enzyme within algal divisions; Absence of nitrate reductase enzymatic activity and protein in cells grown with ammonium as the sole nitrogen source.
KW  - Diatoms
KW  - Algology
KW  - Thalassiosira
KW  - Circadian rhythms
N1  - Accession Number: 11178444; Vergara, Juan J. 1; Berges, John A. 1; Falkowski, Paul G. 1; Email Address: falko@imcs.rutgers.edu; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Biology Program, Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Issue Info: Dec98, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p952; Thesaurus Term: Diatoms; Thesaurus Term: Algology; Subject Term: Thalassiosira; Subject Term: Circadian rhythms; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Michaelis, Laurie
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
AU  - Khrushch, Marta
T1  - Sectoral Trends and Driving Forces of Global Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 319
SN  - 13812386
AB  - Disaggregation of sectoral energy use and greenhouse gas emissions trends reveals striking differences between sectors and regions of the world. Understanding key driving forces in the energy end-use sectors provides insights for development of projections of future greenhouse gas emissions. This paper examines global and regional historical trends in energy use and carbon emissions in the industrial, buildings, transport, and agriculture sectors. Activity and economic drivers as well as trends in energy and carbon intensity are evaluated. We show that macro-economic indicators, such as GDP, are insufficient for comprehending trends and driving forces at the sectoral level. These indicators need to be supplemented with sector-specific information for a more complete understanding of future energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Industries -- Energy consumption
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Macroeconomics
KW  - Gross domestic product
KW  - agriculture energy use
KW  - buildings energy use
KW  - carbon emissions
KW  - energy use
KW  - greenhouse gas emissions
KW  - industrial energy use
KW  - transport energy use
N1  - Accession Number: 49260803; Price, Lynn 1; Michaelis, Laurie; Worrell, Ernst; Khrushch, Marta 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94720 USA; Issue Info: Dec1998, Vol. 3 Issue 2-4, p263; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Industries -- Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Subject Term: Macroeconomics; Subject Term: Gross domestic product; Author-Supplied Keyword: agriculture energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: buildings energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: greenhouse gas emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: industrial energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport energy use; Number of Pages: 57p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1009695406510
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, G. Scott
AU  - Neuhauser, K. Sieglinde
T1  - Urban Risks of Truck Transport of Radioactive Material.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 785
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Truck transport of radioactive material (RAM), e.g., spent nuclear fuel (SNF), normally maximizes use of Interstate highways, which are safer and more efficient for truck transport in general. In the estimation of transportation risks, population bordering a route is a direct factor in determining consequences and an indirect factor in determining exposure times, accident probabilities and seventies, and otherparameters. Proposals to transport RAM may draw intense resistance from 'stakeholders' based on concern for population concentrations along urban segments but the length of a route segment is also a determinative factor in estimating the transport risks. To quantify the relative importance of these two factors, a potential route for transportof SNF (strict use of Interstate highways) was selected and comparedwith a modified version that bypassed urban areas. The results suggest that emphasis on Interstate highways minimizes total route and urban segment risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive substances
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - Nuclear reactions
KW  - Nuclear fuels
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Radioactive material
KW  - RADTRAN
KW  - routing
KW  - Spent nuclear fuel
KW  - spent nuclear fuel.
KW  - Transport risk
KW  - transportation risk
KW  - Truck transport
KW  - Urban risk
N1  - Accession Number: 8114981; Mills, G. Scott; Neuhauser, K. Sieglinde 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 6341, MS 0718, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0718; Issue Info: Dec98, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p781; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive substances; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Radioactivity; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactions; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear fuels; Subject Term: Methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive material; Author-Supplied Keyword: RADTRAN; Author-Supplied Keyword: routing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spent nuclear fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: spent nuclear fuel.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: transportation risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Truck transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urban risk; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ren-Cang Li
T1  - RELATIVE PERTURBATION THEORY: II. EIGENSPACE AND SINGULAR SUBSPACE VARIATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 492
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - The classical perturbation theory for Hermitian matrix eigenvalue and singular value problems provides bounds on invariant subspace variations that are proportional to the reciprocals of absolute gaps between subsets of spectra or subsets of singular values. These bounds may be bad news for invariant subspaces corresponding to clustered eigenvalues or clustered singular values of much smaller magnitudes than the norms of matrices under considerations. In this paper, we consider how eigenspaces of a Hermitian matrix A change when it is perturbed to à = D&ast;AD and how singular spaces of a (nonsquare) matrix B change when it is perturbed to &Btilde; = D1&ast; BD2, where D, D1, and D2 are nonsingular. It is proved that under these kinds of perturbations, the changes of invariant subspaces are proportional to the reciprocals of relative gaps between subsets of spectra or subsets of singular values. The classical Davis­Kahan sin θ theorems and Wedin sin θ theorems are extended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - eigenvector
KW  - graded matrix
KW  - multiplicative perturbation
KW  - relative gap
KW  - relative perturbation theory
KW  - singular vector
KW  - structured sylvester equation
N1  - Accession Number: 13213532; Ren-Cang Li 1; Email Address: rcli@ms.uky.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mathematical Science Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 6012, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p471; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvector; Author-Supplied Keyword: graded matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiplicative perturbation; Author-Supplied Keyword: relative gap; Author-Supplied Keyword: relative perturbation theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular vector; Author-Supplied Keyword: structured sylvester equation; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liska, Richard
AU  - Wendroff, Burton
T1  - COMPOSITE SCHEMES FOR CONSERVATION LAWS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2250
EP  - 2271
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - Global composition of several time steps of the two-step Lax­Wendroff scheme fol- lowed by a Lax­Friedrichs step seems to enhance the best features of both, although it is only first order accurate. We show this by means of some examples of one-dimensional shallow water flow over an obstacle. In two dimensions we present a new version of Lax­Friedrichs and an associated second order predictor-corrector method. Composition of these schemes is shown to be effective and effi- cient for some two-dimensional Riemann problems and for Noh's infinite strength cylindrical shock problem. We also show comparable results for composition of the predictor-corrector scheme with a modified second order accurate weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme. That compo- sition is second order but is more efficient and has better symmetry properties than WENO alone. For scalar advection in two dimensions the optimal stability of the new predictor-corrector scheme is shown using computer algebra. We also show that the generalization of this scheme to three dimen- sions is unstable, but by using sampling we are able to show that the composites are suboptimally stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCHEMES (Algebraic geometry)
KW  - CONSERVATION laws (Mathematics)
KW  - HYPERBOLIC differential equations
KW  - RIEMANN-Hilbert problems
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - composite schemes
KW  - conservation laws
KW  - hyperbolic systems
KW  - lax­friedrichs scheme
KW  - lax­wendroff scheme
KW  - two-dimensional riemann problem
N1  - Accession Number: 13215302; Liska, Richard 1; Email Address: liska@siduri.fifi.cvut.cz Wendroff, Burton 2; Email Address: bbw@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, Břhová 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic  2: Group T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 35 Issue 6, p2250; Subject Term: SCHEMES (Algebraic geometry); Subject Term: CONSERVATION laws (Mathematics); Subject Term: HYPERBOLIC differential equations; Subject Term: RIEMANN-Hilbert problems; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: composite schemes; Author-Supplied Keyword: conservation laws; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperbolic systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: lax­friedrichs scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: lax­wendroff scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional riemann problem; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plantenga, Todd
T1  - A TRUST REGION METHOD FOR NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING BASED ON PRIMAL INTERIOR-POINT TECHNIQUES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/12//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
EP  - 305
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - This paper describes a new trust region method for solving large-scale optimization problems with nonlinear equality and inequality constraints. The new algorithm employs interiorpoint techniques from linear programming, adapting them for more general nonlinear problems. A software implementation based entirely on sparse matrix methods is described. The software handles infeasible start points, identifies the active set of constraints at a solution, and can use second derivative information to solve problems. Numerical results are reported for large and small problems, and a comparison is made with other large-scale optimization codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - INTERIOR-point methods
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - constrained optimization
KW  - nonlinear optimization
KW  - trust region methods
N1  - Accession Number: 13217767; Plantenga, Todd 1; Email Address: tdplant@ca.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9214, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-0969; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p282; Subject Term: NONLINEAR programming; Subject Term: INTERIOR-point methods; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: constrained optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: trust region methods; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Kevin C.
AU  - Ford, Roseanne M.
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
T1  - PERTURBATION EXPANSION OF ALT'S CELL BALANCE EQUATIONS REDUCES TO SEGEL'S ONE-DIMENSIONAL EQUATIONS FOR SHALLOW CHEMOATTRACTANT GRADIENTS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 1998/12/15/
VL  - 59
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - The cell balance equations of Alt are rigorously studied and perturbatively expanded into forms similar to Segel's one-dimensional phenomenological cell balance equations by considering the simplifying case of bacterial density possessing symmetry in the x and y directions responding to an attractant gradient present only in the z direction. We prove that for shallow attractant gradients the lumped integrals involving the tumbling probability frequency distribution and bacterial density distribution in the θ direction can be explicitly expressed as a product of three quantities: the mean tumbling frequency, the bacterial subpopulation density, and a reversal probability. We also derive expressions for the bacterial net flux in the Fickian form from which two macroscopic transport parameters, the random motility coefficient and the chemotactic velocity, are explicitly related to individual cell properties and chemical gradients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMOTAXIS
KW  - CHEMOKINES
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10461654; Chen, Kevin C. 1 Ford, Roseanne M. 2 Cummings, Peter T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, New York University Medical Center  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee and Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 59 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: CHEMOTAXIS; Subject Term: CHEMOKINES; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avist, David
AU  - Beresford-Smith, Bryan
AU  - Devroyet, Luc
AU  - Elgindyt, Hossam
AU  - Guevremont, Eric
AU  - Hurtado, Ferran
AU  - Zhu, Binhai
T1  - UNORIENTED  Θ-MAXIMA IN THE PLANE: COMPLEXITY AND ALGORITHMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - We introduce the unoriented Θ-maximum as a new criterion for describing the shape of a set of planar points. We present efficient algorithms for computing the unoriented Θ-maximum of a set of planar points. We also propose a simple linear expected time algorithm for computing the unoriented Θ-maximum of a set of planar points when Θ = π/2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MAXIMA & minima
KW  - expected complexity
KW  - lower bound
KW  - maxima
KW  - plane sweep
KW  - probabilistic analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10637771; Avist, David 1; Email Address: avis@cs.mcgill.ca Beresford-Smith, Bryan 2; Email Address: bbs@cs.newcastle.edu.au Devroyet, Luc 1; Email Address: luc@cs.mcgill.ca Elgindyt, Hossam 2; Email Address: hossam@cs.newcastle.edu.au Guevremont, Eric 3 Hurtado, Ferran 4; Email Address: hurtado@ma2.upc.ec Zhu, Binhai 5; Email Address: bhz@cs.city.edu.hk; Affiliation:  1: School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada.  2: Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.  3: School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.  4: Dept.de Mathemàtica Aplicada II, Uiniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group C-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 and Dept. of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p278; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MAXIMA & minima; Author-Supplied Keyword: expected complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: lower bound; Author-Supplied Keyword: maxima; Author-Supplied Keyword: plane sweep; Author-Supplied Keyword: probabilistic analysis; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jonathan E.Atkinst
AU  - Boman, Erik G.
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
T1  - A SPECTRAL ALGORITHM FOR SERIATION AND THE CONSECUTIVE ONES PROBLEM.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - In applications ranging from DNA sequencing through archeological dating to sparse matrix reordering, a recurrent problem is the sequencing of elements in such a way that highly correlated pairs of elements are near each other. That is, given a correlation function f reflecting the desire for each pair of elements to be near each other, find all permutations it with the property that if π(j) < π(k) then f(i,j) ≥ f(i, k) and f(j, k) ≥ f(i, k). This seriation problem is a generalization of the well-studied consecutive ones problem. We present a spectral algorithm for this problem that has a number of interesting features. Whereas most previous applications of spectral techniques provide only bounds or heuristics, our result is an algorithm that correctly solves a nontrivial combinatorial problem. In addition, spectral methods are being successfully applied as heuristics to a variety of sequencing problems, and our result helps explain and justify these applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - HEURISTIC
KW  - analysis of algorithms
KW  - consecutive ones property
KW  - eigenvector
KW  - Fiedler vector
KW  - seriation
N1  - Accession Number: 10637774; Jonathan E.Atkinst 1; Email Address: atkins@infinity.com Boman, Erik G. 2; Email Address: boman@sccm.stanford.edu Hendrickson, Bruce 3; Email Address: bah@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Infinity Financial Technology, Mountain View, CA 94043.  2: Scientific Computing & Computational Mathematics, Gates Bldg. 2B, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-9025 .  3: Applied & Numerical Mathematics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110.; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p297; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: HEURISTIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: analysis of algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: consecutive ones property; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiedler vector; Author-Supplied Keyword: seriation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
AU  - Rothberg, Edward
T1  - IMPROVING THE RUN TIME AND QUALITY OF NESTED DISSECTION ORDERING.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/15/
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 468
EP  - 489
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - When performing sparse matrix factorization, the ordering of matrix rows and columns has a dramatic impact on the factorization time. This paper describes an approach to the reordering problem that produces significantly better orderings than prior methods. The algorithm is a hybrid of nested dissection and minimum degree ordering, and combines an assortment of different algorithmic advances. New or improved algorithms are described for graph compression, multilevel partitioning, and separator improvement. When these techniques are combined, the resulting orderings average 39% better than minimum degree over a suite of test matrices, while requiring roughly 2.7 times the run time of Liu's multiple minimum degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FACTORS (Algebra)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - UNIVERSAL algebra
KW  - minimum degree
KW  - nested dissection
KW  - sparse matrix ordering
N1  - Accession Number: 13217798; Hendrickson, Bruce 1; Email Address: bah@cs.sandia.gov Rothberg, Edward 2; Email Address: rothberg@sgi.com; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories  2: Silicon Graphics, Inc., Mountain View, CA; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p468; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FACTORS (Algebra); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: UNIVERSAL algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum degree; Author-Supplied Keyword: nested dissection; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse matrix ordering; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhukov, Mikhail Yu.
AU  - Ermakov, Sergey V.
AU  - Righetti, Pier Giorgio
T1  - MODELING OF TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN THE PRESENCE OF SUBSTANCE-LOCKING EFFECTS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 1998/12/25/
VL  - 59
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 743
EP  - 776
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - Mass-transport processes under the action of an external field in a medium with piecewise-constant properties and special equations of state are investigated both analytically and numerically. An analytical solution of hyperbolic conservation law on which some algebraic restrictions are imposed is presented. Special emphasis is given to the construction of a correct mathematical model for transport processes. The technique of solving the generalized Riemann problem with two initial discontinuities is developed and rigorously revised. The influence of diffusion effects on the solution profile, especially in the vicinity of a stationary contact discontinuity, is studied by numerical methods. An example of a real mass-transport process under the impact of an external force in which a part of the substance is entrapped between stationary discontinuities is presented. This physical effect was observed experimentally for the first time by the authors in electrophoresis--a separation method for chemically reactive multicolor mixtures by means of an applied electric field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - contact discontinuity
KW  - finite-difference schemes
KW  - hyperbolic conservation laws with algebraic restrictions
KW  - Riemann problem
KW  - stationary discontinuity
N1  - Accession Number: 11290360; Zhukov, Mikhail Yu. 1 Ermakov, Sergey V. 2; Email Address: ermakovs@ornl.gov Righetti, Pier Giorgio 1; Affiliation:  1: L.I.T.A., University of Milan, via  Fratelli Cervi 93,  Segrate, Milan 20090, Italy.  2: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory,  P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142.; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 59 Issue 2, p743; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: contact discontinuity; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite-difference schemes; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperbolic conservation laws with algebraic restrictions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Riemann problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: stationary discontinuity; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Joseph S. B.
AU  - Blum, Avrim
AU  - Chalasani, Prasad
AU  - Vempala, Santosh
T1  - A CONSTANT-FACTOR APPROXIMATION ALGORITHM FOR THE GEOMETRIC k-MST PROBLEM IN THE PLANE.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/31/
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 771
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - We show that any rectilinear polygonal subdivision in the plane can be converted into a "guillotine" subdivision whose length is at most twice that of the original subdivision. "Guillotine" subdivisions have a simple recursive structure that allows one to search for "optimal" such subdivisions in polynomial time, using dynamic programming. In particular, a consequence of our main theorem is a very simple proof that the k-MST problem in the plane has a constant-factor polynomial-time approximation algorithm: we obtain a factor of 2 (resp., 3) for the L[SUB1] metric, and a factor of 2√2 (resp., 3.266) for the L[SUB2] (Euclidean) metric in the case in which Steiner points are allowed (resp., not allowed). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - GEOMETRIC programming
KW  - TRAVELING salesman problem (Mathematics)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - approximation algorithms polynomial
KW  - bank robber (orienteering) problem
KW  - computational geometry
KW  - dynamic programming
KW  - guillotine subdivisions
KW  - k-MST
KW  - minimum spanning trees
KW  - network optimization
KW  - prize-collecting salesman problem
KW  - quota traveling salesman problem
N1  - Accession Number: 10699546; Mitchell, Joseph S. B. 1; Email Address: jsbm@ams.sunysb.edu Blum, Avrim 2; Email Address: avrim@ks.cmu.edu Chalasani, Prasad 3; Email Address: chal@lanl.gov Vempala, Santosh 2; Email Address: svempala@cs.cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600.  2: School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3891.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544.; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p771; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: GEOMETRIC programming; Subject Term: TRAVELING salesman problem (Mathematics); Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: approximation algorithms polynomial; Author-Supplied Keyword: bank robber (orienteering) problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: guillotine subdivisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: k-MST; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum spanning trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: network optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: prize-collecting salesman problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: quota traveling salesman problem; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kupferman, Raz
T1  - A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE AXISYMMETRIC COUETTE-TAYLOR PROBLEM USING A FAST HIGH-RESOLUTION SECOND-ORDER CENTRAL SCHEME.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/31/
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 858
EP  - 877
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We present a numerical study of the axisymmetric Couette­Taylor problem using a finite difference scheme. The scheme is based on a staggered version of a second-order central-differencing method combined with a discrete Hodge projection. The use of central-differencing operators obviates the need to trace the characteristic flow associated with the hyperbolic terms. The result is a simple and efficient scheme which is readily adaptable to other geometries and to more complicated flows. The scheme exhibits competitive performance in terms of accuracy, resolution, and robustness. The numerical results agree accurately with linear stability theory and with previous numerical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - central difference schemes
KW  - couette&shy
KW  - incompressible flow
KW  - taylor problem
N1  - Accession Number: 13200425; Kupferman, Raz 1; Email Address: raz@math.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, 50A-2152, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p858; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: central difference schemes; Author-Supplied Keyword: couette&shy; Author-Supplied Keyword: incompressible flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: taylor problem; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margolin, Len
AU  - Smolarkiewicz, Piotr K.
T1  - ANTIDIFFUSIVE VELOCITIES FOR MULTIPASS DONOR CELL ADVECTION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/31/
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 907
EP  - 929
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Multidimensional positive definite advection transport algorithm (MPDATA) is an iterative process for approximating the advection equation, which uses a donor cell approximation to compensate for the truncation error of the originally specified donor cell scheme. This step may be repeated an arbitrary number of times, leading to successively more accurate solutions to the advection equation. In this paper, we show how to sum the successive approximations analytically to find a single antidiffusive velocity that represents the effects of an arbitrary number of passes. The analysis is first done in one dimension to illustrate the method and then is repeated in two dimensions. The existence of cross terms in the truncation analysis of the two-dimensional equations introduces an extra complication into the calculation. We discuss the implementation of our new antidiffusive velocities and provide some examples of applications, including a third-order accurate scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - advection
KW  - finite difference approximations
N1  - Accession Number: 13200696; Margolin, Len 1; Email Address: len@lanl.gov Smolarkiewicz, Piotr K. 2; Email Address: smolar@ncar.ncar.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 8037; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p907; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: advection; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite difference approximations; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edelman, Alan
AU  - McCorquodale, Peter
AU  - Toledo, Sivan
T1  - THE FUTURE FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM?
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/31/
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1094
EP  - 1114
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - It seems likely that improvements in arithmetic speed will continue to outpace advances in communication bandwidth. Furthermore, as more and more problems are working on huge datasets, it is becoming increasingly likely that data will be distributed across many processors because one processor does not have sufficient storage capacity. For these reasons, we propose that an inexact DFT such as an approximate matrix-vector approach based on singular values or a variation of the Dutt­Rokhlin fast-multipole-based algorithm may outperform any exact parallel FFT. The speedup may be as large as a factor of three in situations where FFT run time is dominated by communication. For the multipole idea we further propose that a method of ‘virtual charges’ may improve accuracy, and we provide an analysis of the singular values that are needed for the approximate matrix-vector approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - SYMMETRIC matrices
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - parallel fourier transforms, fast multipole method
N1  - Accession Number: 13200474; Edelman, Alan 1; Email Address: edelman@math.mit.edu McCorquodale, Peter 2; Email Address: PWMcCorquodale@lbl.gov Toledo, Sivan 3; Email Address: toledo@parc.xerox.com; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  3: Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p1094; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: SYMMETRIC matrices; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel fourier transforms, fast multipole method; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
AU  - Jessup, Elizabeth
AU  - Smith, Christopher
T1  - TOWARD AN EFFICIENT PARALLEL EIGENSOLVER FOR DENSE SYMMETRIC MATRICES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1998/12/31/
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1132
EP  - 1154
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We describe a parallel algorithm for finding the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a dense symmetric matrix, with an emphasis on the dense linear algebra operations. We follow the traditional three-step process: reduce to tridiagonal form, solve the tridiagonal problem, then backtransform the result. Since the different steps have different algorithmic characteristics, this problem serves as a perfect vehicle for exploring some issues associated with parallel linear algebra calculations. In particular, we examine the effects of matrix distribution and blocking on the computational performance of tridiagonalization and backtransformation. Through experiments on an Intel Paragon, we demonstrate that block storage of the matrix is not necessary for a highly e_cient block algorithm. The performance of our approach compares very favorably with that of the corresponding ScaLAPACK routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ABSTRACT algebra
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - backtransformation
KW  - dense matrix
KW  - eigensolver
KW  - householder tridiagonalization
KW  - parallel algorithm
KW  - torus wrap mapping
N1  - Accession Number: 13200635; Hendrickson, Bruce 1; Email Address: bah@cs.sandia.gov Jessup, Elizabeth 2; Email Address: jessup@cs.colorado.edu Smith, Christopher 3; Email Address: smith.chris.b@towerautomotive.com; Affiliation:  1: Applied and Numerical Math Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110  2: Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0430  3: Advanced Product & Process Technology, Tower Automotive, Milwaukee, WI 53216; Source Info: 1998, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p1132; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ABSTRACT algebra; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: backtransformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: dense matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigensolver; Author-Supplied Keyword: householder tridiagonalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: torus wrap mapping; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mullen, Julie S.
AU  - Fischer, Paul F.
T1  - Filtering techniques for complex geometry fluid flows.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1999/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 18
SN  - 10698299
AB  - We develop a class of filters based upon the numerical solution of high-order elliptic problems in ℝd which allow for independent determination of order and cut-off wave number and which default to classical Fourier-based filters in homogeneous domains. However, because they are based on the solution of a PDE, the present filters are not restricted to applications in tensor-product based geometries as is generally the case for Fourier-based filters. The discrete representation of the filtered output is constructed from a Krylov space generated in solving a well-conditioned system arising from a low-order PDE. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILTERS (Mathematics)
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - complex geometry
KW  - Krylov methods
KW  - large eddy simulation
KW  - spatial filters
KW  - spectral elements
N1  - Accession Number: 13440193; Mullen, Julie S. 1 Fischer, Paul F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, U.S.A.  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan99, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: FILTERS (Mathematics); Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: complex geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Krylov methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: large eddy simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial filters; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral elements; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gardiner, K.
AU  - Mural, R.
AU  - Werner, T.
T1  - Report of the eighth international workshop on the identification of transcribed sequences.
JO  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
JF  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
Y1  - 1999/01//
VL  - 84
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
SN  - 03010171
AB  - The eighth workshop in the series on transcribed sequences, entitled "Beyond the Identification of Transcribed Sequences-Expression and Functional Analysis," was held outside Washington D.C. in October 1998, and was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy. Eighty attendees representing more than a dozen countries met to discuss a broad range of topics covering the analysis of genomic and mRNA sequence, the determination and analysis of gene expression patterns, and roles that various model organisms can play in expression and functional analysis.
KW  - FORUMS (Discussion & debate)
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - GENE mapping
KW  - WASHINGTON (D.C.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12184433; Gardiner, K. 1; Email Address: gardiner@eri.uchsc.edu Mural, R. 2 Werner, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, Denver, CO  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN (USA)  3: GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg (Germany); Source Info: Jan1999, Vol. 84 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: FORUMS (Discussion & debate); Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: GENE mapping; Subject Term: WASHINGTON (D.C.); Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000015202
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weier, H.-U. G.
AU  - Fung, J.
AU  - Lersch, R. A.
T1  - Assignment1 of protooncogene MERTK (a.k.a. c-mer) to human chromosome 2q14.1 by in situ hybridization.
JO  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
JF  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
Y1  - 1999/01//
VL  - 84
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 92
SN  - 03010171
AB  - The human protooncogene MERTK is a receptor-like tyrosine kinase (tk) with features characteristic of the axl family of tk genes. while MERTK expression in heart, skeletal muscle or brain is below the detection limit, high levels of expression were found in the epithelium and cells of reproductive origin. From a genomic P1 library, a clone for MERTK was isolated by in vitro DNA amplification screening and assigned the gene to human chromosome 2q14.1 by non-isotopical fluorescence in situ hybridization.
KW  - ONCOGENES
KW  - PROTEIN-tyrosine kinase
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - EPITHELIUM
KW  - GENITALIA
KW  - HUMAN gene mapping
KW  - FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization
N1  - Accession Number: 12184412; Weier, H.-U. G. 1 Fung, J. 1 Lersch, R. A. 1; Email Address: ralersch@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA); Source Info: Jan1999, Vol. 84 Issue 1/2, p91; Subject Term: ONCOGENES; Subject Term: PROTEIN-tyrosine kinase; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: EPITHELIUM; Subject Term: GENITALIA; Subject Term: HUMAN gene mapping; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000015223
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Subramaniam, S.
T1  - Minimum Error Fickian Diffusion Coefficients for Mass Diffusion in Multicomponent Gas Mixtures.
JO  - Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
Y1  - 1999/01//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 39
SN  - 03400204
AB  - Mass diffusion in multicomponent gas mixtures is governed by a coupled system of linear equations for the diffusive mass fluxes in terms of thermodynamic driving forces, known as the generalized Stefan-Maxwell equation. In computations of mass diffusion in multicomponent gas mixtures, this coupling between the different components results in considerable computational overhead. Consequently, simplified diffusion models for the diffusive mass fluxes as explicit functions of the driving forces are an attractive alternative. These models can be interpreted as an approximate solution to the Stefan Maxwell equation. Simplified diffusion models require the specification of "effective" diffusion coefficients which are usually expressed as functions of the binary diffusion coefficients of each species pair in the mixture. Current models for the effective diffusion coefficients are incapable of providing a priori control over the error incurred in the approximate solution. In this paper a general form for diagonal approximations is derived, which accounts for the requirement imposed by the special structure of the Stefan Maxwell equation that such approximations be constructed in a reduced-dimensional subspace. In addition, it is shown that current models can be expressed as particular cases of two general forms, but not all these models correspond to the general form for diagonal approximations. A new minimum error diagonal approximation (MEDA) model is proposed, based on the criterion that the diagonal approximation minimize the error in the species velocities. Analytic expressions are derived for the MEDA model's effective diffusion coefficients based on this criterion. These effective diffusion coefficients automatically give the correct solution in two important limiting cases: for that of a binary mixture, and for the case of arbitrary number of components with identical binary diffusivities. Although these minimum error effective diffusion coefficients are more... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GASES
KW  - MIXTURES
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11359033; Subramaniam, S. 1; Email Address: shankar@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, U.S.A.; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: MIXTURES; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Number of Pages: 39p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Philip H.
AU  - Shanbhag, Santosh
AU  - Rubey, Wayne A.
AU  - Dellinger, Barry
AU  - Bergin, Michelle
T1  - Speciation of Organic By-Products from the Thermal Decomposition of Alternative Automotive Fuels.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/01//
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 48
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The high-temperature thermal degradation of four alternative automotive fuels (methanol, ethanol, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum (LP) gas) have been examined as a function of fuel-oxygen equivalence ratio and exposure temperature using fused silica flow reactor instrumentation coupled to in-line GC-TCD and GC-MS detection. Organic speciation for methanol, natural gas, and LP gas were consistent with previous measurements. However, several previously undetected organic by-products were observed from ethanol oxidation and pyrolysis. Organic speciation was found to vary significantly between methanol and ethanol and less so between natural gas and LP gas. Non-methane organic gases (NMOG) and specific reactivities of the respective fuels were measured, and trends with respect to proposed reactivity adjustment factors are discussed. A qualitative comparison of NMOG quantified in the flow reactor tests with the results of recent vehicle tests is also reported. The most significant differences in the comparisons were observed for toxic compounds, including the lack of detection of acetaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, and benzene from flow reactor experiments of methanol degradation, and the lack of detection of 1,3-butadiene from flow reactor experiments of ethanol combustion. Possible sources for the formation of these compounds in vehicle tests are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Gases
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Butadiene
N1  - Accession Number: 12210859; Taylor, Philip H. 1; Shanbhag, Santosh 1; Rubey, Wayne A. 1; Dellinger, Barry 1; Bergin, Michelle 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Jan99, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p39; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Gases; Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Thesaurus Term: Combustion; Subject Term: Butadiene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paulus, W.
AU  - Kratz, J.
AU  - Strub, E.
AU  - Zauner, S.
AU  - Brüchle, W.
AU  - Pershina, V.
AU  - Schädel, M.
AU  - Schausten, B.
AU  - Adams, J.
AU  - Gregorich, K.
AU  - Hoffman, D.
AU  - Laue, C.
AU  - Lee, D.
AU  - Mcgrath, C.
AU  - Shaughnessy, D.
AU  - Strellis, D.
AU  - Sylwester, E.
T1  - Extraction of the fluoride-, chloride-, and bromide complexes of the elements Nb, Ta, Pa, and 105 into aliphatic amines.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 1999/01/02/Jan1999 Supplement
VL  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
EP  - 579
SN  - 00114626
AB  - Previous studies of the halide complex formation of element 105 in HCl/HF mixtures and extractions into triisooctyl amine (TIOA) had been performed with the Automated Rapid Chemistry Apparatus, ARCA II. Element 105 was shown to be sorbed on the column from 12 M HCl/0.02 M HF together with its lighter homologues Nb, Ta and the pseudohomologue Pa. In elutions with 10 M HCl/0.025 M HF, 4 M HCl/0.02 M HF, and 0.5 M HCl/0.01 M HF, the extraction sequence Ta>Nb>105>Pa was observed and element 105 behaved very differently from its closest homologue Ta. As it is not possible within reasonable effort to model the many presumably mixed fluoride-chloride complexes involved in these studies, theoretical calculations were performed in the pure chloride system predicting a reversed sequence of extraction. To verify this experimentally, and in order to perform a systematic study of halide complexation of the group 5 elements, new batch extraction experiments for Nb, Ta, and Pa were performed with the quaternary ammonium salt Aliquat 336 in pure HF, HCl, and HBr solutions. Based on these results, new chromatographic column separations were elaborated to study separately the fluoride and chloride complexation of element 105 with ARCA II. In the system Aliquat 336/HF, after feeding of the activity onto the column in 0.5 M HF, element 105 did not elute in 4 M HF (Pa fraction) but showed a higher distribution coefficient close to that of Nb (and Ta). In the system Aliquat 336/HCl, after feeding onto the column in 10 M HCl, element 105 showed a distribution coefficient in 6 M HCl close to that of Nb establishing an extraction sequence Pa>Nb≥105>Ta which is theoretically predicted by considering the competition between hydrolysis and complex formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50177727; Paulus, W. 1 Kratz, J. 1 Strub, E. 1 Zauner, S. 1 Brüchle, W. 2 Pershina, V. 2 Schädel, M. 2 Schausten, B. 2 Adams, J. 3 Gregorich, K. 3 Hoffman, D. 3 Laue, C. 3 Lee, D. 3 Mcgrath, C. 3 Shaughnessy, D. 3 Strellis, D. 3 Sylwester, E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Kernchemie , Universität Mainz , D-55099 Mainz Germany  2: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung , D-64291 Darmstadt Germany  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , University of California , 94720 Berkeley USA; Source Info: Jan1999 Supplement, Vol. 49, p573; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-999-1035-y
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, F.
AU  - Beets, A.
AU  - Mirzadeh, S.
AU  - Alexander, C.
AU  - Hobbs, R.
T1  - Production of medical radioisotopes in the ORNL high flux isotope reactor (HFIR) for cancer treatment and arterial restenosis therapy after PICA.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 1999/01/02/Jan1999 Supplement
VL  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 799
EP  - 809
SN  - 00114626
AB  - The High Flux Isotope Reactor ( HFIR) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory ( ORNL) represents an important resource for the production of a wide variety of medical radioisotopes. First beginning operation in 1965, the high thermal neutron flux (2.5×1015 neutrons/cm2/sec at 85 MW) and versatile target irradiation and handling facilities provide the opportunity for production of a wide variety of neutron-rich medical radioisotopes of current interest for therapy. In addition to serving as a key production site for californium-252 and other transuranic elements, important examples of therapeutic radioisotopes which are currently routinely produced in the HFIR for distribution include dysprosium-166 (parent of holmium-166), rhenium-186, tin-117 m and tungsten-188 (parent of rhenium-188). The nine hydraulic tube ( HT) positions in the central high flux region permit the insertion and removal of targets at any time during the operating cycle (22–24 days) and have traditionally represented a major site for production of medical radioisotopes. To increase the irradiation capabilities of the HFIR, special target holders have recently been designed and fabricated which will be installed in the six Peripheral Target Positions ( PTP), which are also located in the high flux region. These positions are only accessible during reactor refueling and will be used for long-term irradiations, such as required for the production of tin-117 m and tungsten-188. Each of the PTP tubes will be capable of housing a maximum of eight HT targets, thus increasing the total maximum number of HT targets from the current nine, to a total of 57. In this paper the therapeutic use of reactor-produced radioisotopes for bone pain palliation and vascular brachytherapy and the therapeutic medical radioisotope production capabilities of the ORNL HFIR are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50177757; Knapp, F. 1 Beets, A. 1 Mirzadeh, S. 2 Alexander, C. 3 Hobbs, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Medicine Group, Life Sciences Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) , 37831-6229 Oak Ridge U.S.A.  2: Chemical Technology Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) , 37831-6229 Oak Ridge U.S.A.  3: Research Reactors Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) , 37831-6229 Oak Ridge U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan1999 Supplement, Vol. 49, p799; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-999-1065-5
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Xiaojun
AU  - Baughn, James W.
AU  - Rabas, Thomas J.
AU  - Arman, Bayram
T1  - LIQUID-CRYSTAL TRANSIENT TECHNIQUE FOR MEASUREMENT OF IN-TUBE LOCAL CONDENSING HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS.
JO  - Experimental Heat Transfer
JF  - Experimental Heat Transfer
Y1  - 1999/01/05/
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 32
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08916152
AB  - An experimental technique, using liquid crystals and the transient method, was developed to measure in-tube condensing local heat transfer coefficients. Measurements wilh R-l2 inside a horizontal, smooth circular tube is presented. This article describes the experimental procedures used to achieve a step change in the surface temperature with a special valve. The test section consists of a transparent glass tube obserued from outside. The inside surface transient temperature response is measured by a thin layer of choksteric liquid crystals. The color distribution oflhe liquid crysIIJIs is then translated Ihrough a digital color image processing unit into a surface temperature distribution. The local condensing heat transfer coefficients are obtained using a transient heal conduction analysis. Results for stratified flow regime are compared wilh results from the literature. This experimental technique provides a new tool for the measurement of lhe condensing local heal transfer.The technique is applicabk 10 measurements of condensing local heal transfer coefficients inside noncircular passages with plain or enhanced surfaces, which are commonly employed in state-of-me-an and advanced phase-change heal exchangers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Heat Transfer is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76047166; Yan, Xiaojun 1 Baughn, James W. 2 Rabas, Thomas J. 3 Arman, Bayram 3; Affiliation:  1: Department ofMechanical and Industrial Engineering, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Illinois, USA  2: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA  3: Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA; Source Info: Jan1995, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p17; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08916159508946490
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, A. T.
AU  - Peterson, P. F.
T1  - EXPERIMENTAL METHODS FOR MEASURING X-RAY ABLATION RESPONSE OF SURFACES.
JO  - Experimental Heat Transfer
JF  - Experimental Heat Transfer
Y1  - 1999/01/13/
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 65
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08916152
AB  - X-ray ablation from surfaces plays an important role in chamber response for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) systems. Although similar in many respects to laser-induced ablation, X-ray ablation differs significantly in the mechanisms for energy deposition. Surface response differs far various materials, with same exhibiting kineticalfy limited surface vaporization, bubble nucleation and met ejection, and solid surface spall This article introduces the experimental methods which have been developed to measure material removal depths, melt depths, and postirradiation surface characteristics which identify primary removal mechanisms. Results art discussed for three specific materials—fused silica, boron carbide, and aluminum—to illustrate the primary removal mechanisms. Combined with appropriate physical models, the experimental measurements allow accurate prediction of material X-ray response under conditions characteristic of ICF chambers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Heat Transfer is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76047403; Anderson, A. T. 1 Peterson, P. F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Jan1997, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p51; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08916159708946534
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hipwell, M. Cynthia
AU  - Tien, Chang-Lin
AU  - Mao, Xianglei
AU  - Russo, Richard E.
T1  - THE DUAL BEAM PICOSECOND CONTINUUM TECHNIQUE FOR MEASUREMENT OF SHORT-TIME-SCALE TRANSMISSION SPECTRA.
JO  - Experimental Heat Transfer
JF  - Experimental Heat Transfer
Y1  - 1999/01/20/
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 297
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08916152
AB  - In this work, a dual-beam measurement technique is presented to measure the short-time-scale optical properties of novel materials. It is shown that the picosecond continuum probe source obtained from nonlinear interaction with H2O/D2O is highly variable and does not permit detection of small changes in absorption /transmission spectra. The dual-beam approach is proposed to allow simultaneous measurement of a sample's properties in both the excited and steady states. As an example, the technique is applied to the picosecond transmission spectrum of light-emitting porous silicon. Photo-induced absorption is observed at a level that could not be detected without the new technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Heat Transfer is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - DEUTERIUM oxide
KW  - METALS -- Optical properties
KW  - POROUS silicon
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - LIGHT absorption
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 75317490; Hipwell, M. Cynthia 1 Tien, Chang-Lin 1 Mao, Xianglei 2 Russo, Richard E. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California,Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Oct1998, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p281; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM oxide; Subject Term: METALS -- Optical properties; Subject Term: POROUS silicon; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: LIGHT absorption; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08916159808946566
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dalal, Siddhartha
AU  - Hamada, Michael
AU  - Wang, Tzyh Jong
T1  - How to improve performance of software systems: A methodology and a case study for tuning performance.
JO  - Annals of Software Engineering
JF  - Annals of Software Engineering
Y1  - 1999/02//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 84
SN  - 10227091
AB  - Before software systems are shipped, they are tuned to optimize their field performance. This process is called performance tuning. Performance tuning is used to find the best settings for a set of tunable, or changeable, parameters like buffer space, disk file allocation, main memory partition, I/O priority, process scheduling quantum, etc. Examples of performance measures to be optimized are: query or transaction loss, throughput rate, response time, etc. Improperly tuned systems can create field problems even if there are no software faults in the product. Hence, it is important that software systems be tuned for optimal performance before they are delivered. However, optimal performance tuning is quite complex because of: exponentially many alternatives, unknown functional relationships between parameters and performance measures, stochastically fluctuating system performance, and expensive empirical experiments. For these reasons, tuning is typically practiced as an art and depends heavily on the intuitions of experts. In this paper, we examine a method for tuning which is repeatable and produces consistently superior results across many different applications. This method, based upon Robust Experimental Design, has revolutionized design optimization in hardware systems. The methodology consists of conducting a few carefully chosen experiments and using the associated analysis technology to help extract the maximum possible information for performance optimization. Specifically we give some background on statistical experimental design and demonstrate it on an actual software system that provides network database services which had experienced occasional query losses. Focusing on nine carefully chosen parameters, 12 experiments were conducted. This number of experiments is far fewer and consequently far less costly in time and effort than what would be required for collecting the same amount of information by traditional methods. The selection of the experiments took into account ideas from accelerated life testing and ideas from the Robust Experimental Design. Based on the analysis of this data, new settings for the parameters in software system were implemented. All tests done with the new settings have shown that the query loss problem has been totally controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Software Engineering is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 51556532; Dalal, Siddhartha 1; Email Address: sid@research.telcordia.com Hamada, Michael 2; Email Address: hamada@lanl.gov Wang, Tzyh Jong 3; Email Address: tjwang@lucent.com; Affiliation:  1: Information Analysis & Services Research Department , Applied Research, Telcordia Technologies , Morristown 07960 USA  2: Technology and Safety Assessment, Statistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos 87545 USA  3: Performance Analysis Department , Bell Laboratories , Holmdel 17333 USA; Source Info: Feb1999, Vol. 8 Issue 1-4, p53; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1018910926921
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Adams, Jonathan
AU  - Otte, Marcel
T1  - Did Indo-European Languages Spread Before Farming? (Cover story)
JO  - Current Anthropology
JF  - Current Anthropology
Y1  - 1999/02//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Report
SP  - 73
EP  - 77
SN  - 00113204
AB  - The article presents information on a report about the popularity of Indo-European Languages before the farming age. Indo-European language was uniformly present in Central and Northern Europe, Southeastern Europe, Anatolia, and parts of the Near and Middle East. However the language was not popular in Celtic, Gerantic, and Slavic regions. The popularity of language can also be attributed to climatic oscillations. People tend to move during intense cold and dry phases which results contraction in population that spread wave of linguistic and cultural uniformity across the regions.
KW  - INDO-European languages
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - COLD (Temperature)
KW  - DRYING
KW  - EMIGRATION & immigration
KW  - LINGUISTICS
KW  - CULTURE
KW  - SLAVIC countries
KW  - EUROPE
N1  - Accession Number: 5632780; Adams, Jonathan 1; Email Address: Jonathan@elvis.esd.ornl.gov Otte, Marcel 2; Email Address: prehist@ulg.ac.be; Affiliation:  1: MS 6335, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37831, U.S.A.  2: Université de Liège, Service de Préhistoire, place du XX Août 7, Bâtiment A1, 4000 Liège, Belgium.; Source Info: Feb99, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p73; Subject Term: INDO-European languages; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: COLD (Temperature); Subject Term: DRYING; Subject Term: EMIGRATION & immigration; Subject Term: LINGUISTICS; Subject Term: CULTURE; Subject Term: SLAVIC countries; Subject Term: EUROPE; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Golovanova, L. V.
AU  - Hoffecker, John F.
AU  - Kharitonov, V. M.
AU  - Romanova, G. P.
T1  - Mezmaiskaya Cave: A Neanderthal Occupation in the Northern Caucasus. (Cover story)
JO  - Current Anthropology
JF  - Current Anthropology
Y1  - 1999/02//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Report
SP  - 77
EP  - 86
SN  - 00113204
AB  - The article focuses on a report about Mezmaiskaya Cave and facts related to death and life of Neanderthals in Eastern Europe. Mezmaiskaya Cave is located in the Northern Caucasus and Paleolithic remains were first discovered from these caves in1987. Partial human skeleton was found in the lower-most Middle Paleoltic layer in 1993 and in 1994 additional skeletal fragments were encountered in the upper-most Middle Paleolithic layer. It also has a stratified sequence of Middle and Upper Paleolithic levels dating to the Last Glacial Age. The cave has rich soil composed of clay, sand, organic matter, and rubble deposits and warm climate.
KW  - CAVES
KW  - NEANDERTHALS
KW  - DEATH
KW  - HUMAN skeleton
KW  - LAST Glacial Maximum
KW  - LOAM soils
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - CAVE climates
KW  - EUROPE, Eastern
N1  - Accession Number: 5632781; Golovanova, L. V. 1 Hoffecker, John F. 2 Kharitonov, V. M. 3 Romanova, G. P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Moskovskii prospekt, St. Petersburg. Russia.  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 1075 S. Yukon St., Suite 209, Lakewood, Colo. 80226, U.S.A.  3: Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.  4: Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia.; Source Info: Feb99, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: CAVES; Subject Term: NEANDERTHALS; Subject Term: DEATH; Subject Term: HUMAN skeleton; Subject Term: LAST Glacial Maximum; Subject Term: LOAM soils; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: CAVE climates; Subject Term: EUROPE, Eastern; NAICS/Industry Codes: 712190 Nature Parks and Other Similar Institutions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 3 Charts, 2 Maps; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woltering, E.A.
AU  - Drouant, G.J.
AU  - Diaco, D.S.
AU  - Sharma, C.
AU  - Murphy, W.A.
AU  - Fuselier, J.A.
AU  - Coy, D.H.
AU  - Espenan, G.D.
AU  - Nelson, J.A.
AU  - Fisher, D.R.
AU  - Maloney, T.M.
AU  - O'Dorisio, M.S.
AU  - Chen, F.
AU  - O'Dorisio, T.M.
T1  - Synthesis and characterization of multiply-tyrosinated, multiply-iodinated somatostatin analogs.
JO  - Journal of Peptide Research
JF  - Journal of Peptide Research
Y1  - 1999/02//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 213
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 1397002X
AB  - Radio-labeled somatostatin analogs have recently gained popularity as agents useful in intraoperative tumor localization, external scintigraphy and in situ radiotherapy. We have synthesized and characterized a series of novel N-terminally extended multiply-tyrosinated somatostatin analogs that possess high binding affinity for somatostatin receptors, exhibit biological activity comparable to the native peptide and retain these characteristics after iodination. These analogs can be radio-iodinated to high specific activities. Following radio-iodination, these analogs exhibit minimal radiolysis and may be clinically useful for tumor localization, scanning and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Peptide Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOMATOSTATIN
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - RADIOIODINATION
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - growth hormone
KW  - in situ radiotherapy
KW  - neuroblastoma
KW  - pituitary cells
KW  - radiation
KW  - scintigraphy
KW  - somatostatin
KW  - somatostatin receptors
N1  - Accession Number: 5169204; Woltering, E.A. 1 Drouant, G.J. 1 Diaco, D.S. 1 Sharma, C. 1 Murphy, W.A. 2 Fuselier, J.A. 2 Coy, D.H. 2 Espenan, G.D. 3 Nelson, J.A. 3 Fisher, D.R. 4 Maloney, T.M. 5 O'Dorisio, M.S. 6 Chen, F. 6 O'Dorisio, T.M. 7; Affiliation:  1: Louisiana State University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Endocrinology and the Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.  2: Tulane University School of Medicine, Peptide Research Lab, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.  3: The Medical Center of Louisiana at New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.  5: Iso-Tex, Friendswood, TX 77546, USA.  6: Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.  7: Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.; Source Info: Feb99, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p201; Subject Term: SOMATOSTATIN; Subject Term: TYROSINE; Subject Term: RADIOIODINATION; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth hormone; Author-Supplied Keyword: in situ radiotherapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: neuroblastoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: pituitary cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: scintigraphy; Author-Supplied Keyword: somatostatin; Author-Supplied Keyword: somatostatin receptors; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Kirchstetter, Thomas W.
AU  - Harley, Robert A.
AU  - Kendall, Gary R.
AU  - Hesson, James M.
T1  - A Fuel-Based Approach to Estimating Motor Vehicle Cold-Start Emissions.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/02//
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 135
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The temporary ineffectiveness of motor vehicle emission controls at startup causes emission rates to be much higher for a short period after starting than during fully warmed, or stabilized, vehicle operation. Official motor vehicle emission inventories estimate that excess emissions during cold-start operation contribute a significant fraction of all hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxide (NO[subx]) emissions from California vehicles. In an effort to verify these estimates under real-world conditions, vehicle emissions were measured in an underground parking garage in Oakland, CA, during March 1997. Hot stabilized emissions were measured as vehicles arrived at the garage in the morning, and cold-start emissions were measured as vehicles exited in the afternoon; the incremental, or excess, emissions associated with vehicle starting were calculated by difference. Composite emissions from ∼135 vehicles were sampled during each of six morning and six afternoon periods. Measured stabilized exhaust emissions were 19 ± 2 g nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC), 223 ± 17 g CO, and 8.6 ± 1.3 g NO[subx] per gal of gasoline consumed. Cold-start emissions of 69 ± 2 g NMHC/gal, 660 ± 15 g CO/gal, and 27.8 ± 1.2 g NO[subx]/gal were measured for vehicles spending an average of ∼ 60 sec in the garage after starting in the afternoon. Using second-by-second emissions data from California's light-duty vehicle surveillance program, average fuel use during cold start was estimated to be ∼ 0.07 gal, and the coldstart period was estimated to last for ∼200 sec. When coldstart emission factors measured in the garage were scaled to represent the full 200-sec cold-start period, incremental start emission factors of 2.1 g NMHC, 16 g CO, and 2.1 g NO[subx] per vehicle start were calculated. These emission factors are lower than those used by California's motor vehicle emission inventory model (MVEI 7G) by 45% for NMHC... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Automobiles
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 12147472; Singer, Brett C. 1,2; Kirchstetter, Thomas W. 1; Harley, Robert A. 3,4; Kendall, Gary R. 5; Hesson, James M. 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California; 2: Postdoctoral researcher, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 3: Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UC Berkeley; 4: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 631 Davis Hall #1710, University of California, Berkeley, CA 97420-1710; 5: Technical Services Division, Bay Area Air Quality Management District, San Francisco, California; Issue Info: Feb99, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p125; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Automobiles; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336111 Automobile Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336110 Automobile and light-duty motor vehicle manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811121 Automotive Body, Paint, and Interior Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811198 All Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 441110 New Car Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415110 New and used automobile and light-duty truck merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - With, Kimberly A.
AU  - King, Anthony W.
T1  - Dispersal success on fractal landscapes: a consequence of lacunarity thresholds.
JO  - Landscape Ecology
JF  - Landscape Ecology
Y1  - 1999/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 82
SN  - 09212973
AB  - Studies the dispersal success on fractal landscapes. Use of percolation thresholds to define landscape connectivity; Lacunarity analysis of the gap structure of landscape patterns; Ecological consequences of habitat fragmentation.
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Environmental sociology
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Research
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 13997367; With, Kimberly A. 1; King, Anthony W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA.; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA.; Issue Info: Feb1999, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p73; Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sociology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Thesaurus Term: Research; Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prokofiev, A.
AU  - Allgower, C.
AU  - Azhgirej, L.
AU  - Ball, J.
AU  - Beddo, M.
AU  - Bedfer, Y.
AU  - Boutefnouchet, A.
AU  - Bystricky, J.
AU  - Demierre, Ph.
AU  - Fontaine, J.
AU  - Ghazikhanian, V.
AU  - Grosnick, D.
AU  - Janout, Z.
AU  - Kalinnikov, V.
AU  - Kasprzyk, T.
AU  - Khachaturov, B.
AU  - Kunne, R.
AU  - Lehar, F.
AU  - Lesquen, A.
AU  - Lopiano, D.
T1  - Polarimetry of the polarized proton and deuteron beams at intermediate energies.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 1999/02/02/Feb1999 Supplement
VL  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 36
SN  - 00114626
AB  - Method and results of the beam polarization measurements are presented. The measurements were carried out at the proton polarized beam of Saturne-II accelerator as well as at the JINR (Dubna) synchrophasotron vector polarized deuteron beam. The analysis of the elastic (quasi-elastic) pp-scattering polarization is used as a method of the polarization measurements. The energy range of the measurement is 1.0≤ T  p ≤2.8 GeV for polarized proton and 1.66≤ T  d ≤7.3 GeV for polarized deuteron beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50178561; Prokofiev, A. 1 Allgower, C. 2 Azhgirej, L. 3 Ball, J. 4 Beddo, M. 2 Bedfer, Y. 4 Boutefnouchet, A. 5 Bystricky, J. 6 Demierre, Ph. 7 Fontaine, J. Ghazikhanian, V. 5 Grosnick, D. 2 Janout, Z. 3,7 Kalinnikov, V. 3 Kasprzyk, T. 2 Khachaturov, B. 3 Kunne, R. 4 Lehar, F. 6 Lesquen, A. 6 Lopiano, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute RAS , 188350 Gatchina Russia  2: HEP Division , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Ave. 60439 Argonne USA  3: JINR , 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region Russia  4: Laboratoire National SATURNE, CNRS/IN2P3 and CEA/DSM , CE Saclay , F-91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France  5: UCLA , 405 Hilgard Ave. 90024 Los Angeles USA  6: CEA-DAPNIA , CE Saclay , F-91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France  7: DPNC , University of Geneva , 24, quai Ernest-Ansermet 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland; Source Info: Feb1999 Supplement, Vol. 49, p29; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-999-0082-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conconi, Antonio
AU  - Liu, Xiaoqi
AU  - Koriazova, Lilia
AU  - Ackerman, Eric J.
AU  - Smerdon, Michael J.
T1  - Tight correlation between inhibition of DNA repair in vitro and transcription factor IIIA binding in a 5S ribosomal RNA gene.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1999/03//3/1/99
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1387
EP  - 1396
SN  - 02614189
AB  - UV-induced photoproducts (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, CPDs) in DNA are removed by nucleotide excision repair (NER), and the presence of transcription factors on DNA can restrict the accessibility of NER enzymes. We have investigated the modulation of NER in a gene promoter using the Xenopus transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA)­5S rDNA complex and Xenopus oocyte nuclear extracts. TFIIIA alters CPD formation primarily in the transcribed strand of the 50 bp internal control region (ICR) of 5S rDNA. During NER in vitro, CPD removal is reduced at most sites in both strands of the ICR when TFIIIA is bound. Efficient repair occurs just outside the TFIIIA-binding site (within 10 bp), and in the absence of 5S rRNA transcription. Interestingly, three CPD sites within the ICR [+56, +75 (transcribed strand) and +73 (nontranscribed strand)] are repaired rapidly when TFIIIA is bound, while CPDs within ∼5 bases of these sites are repaired much more slowly. CPDs at these three sites may partially displace TFIIIA, thereby enabling rapid repair. However, TFIIIA is not completely displaced during NER, at least at sites outside the ICR, even though the NER complex could be sterically hindered by TFIIIA. Such inefficient repair of transcription factor binding sites could increase mutation frequency in regulatory regions of genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - PYRIMIDINES
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - 5s rdna
KW  - dna repair
KW  - tfiiia
KW  - transcription
KW  - uv damage
N1  - Accession Number: 13003893; Conconi, Antonio 1 Liu, Xiaoqi 1 Koriazova, Lilia 2 Ackerman, Eric J. 2 Smerdon, Michael J. 1; Email Address: smerdon@mail.wsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4660  2: Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P7-56, Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: 3/1/99, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p1387; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: PYRIMIDINES; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5s rdna; Author-Supplied Keyword: dna repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: tfiiia; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcription; Author-Supplied Keyword: uv damage; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/18.5.1387
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hendrey, George R.
AU  - Ellsworth, David S.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Nagy, JohN.
T1  - A free-air enrichment system for exposing tall forest vegetation to elevated atmospheric CO2.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1999/03//
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 309
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - AbstractA free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) system was designed to permit the experimental exposure of tall vegetation such as stands of forest trees to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations ([CO2]a) without enclosures that alter tree microenvironment. We describe a prototype FACE system currently in operation in forest plots in a maturing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stand in North Carolina, USA. The system uses feedback control technology to control [CO2] in a 26 m diameter forest plot that is over 10 m tall, while monitoring the 3D plot volume to characterize the whole-stand CO2 regime achieved during enrichment. In the second summer season of operation of the FACE system, atmospheric CO2 enrichment was conducted in the forest during all daylight hours for 96.7% of the scheduled running time from 23 May to 14 October with a preset target [CO2] of 550 μmol mol–1, ≈ 200 μmol mol–1 above ambient [CO2]. The system provided spatial and temporal control of [CO2] similar to that reported for open-top chambers over trees, but without enclosing the vegetation. The daily average daytime [CO2] within the upper forest canopy at the centre of the FACE plot was 552 ± 9 μmol mol–1 (mean ± SD). The FACE system maintained 1-minute average [CO2] to within ± 110 μmol mol–1 of the target [CO2] for 92% of the operating time. Deviations of [CO2] outside of this range were short-lived (most lasting < 60 s) and rare, with fewer than 4 excursion events of a minute or longer per day. Acceptable spatial control of [CO2] by the system was achieved, with over 90% of the entire canopy volume within ± 10% of the target [CO2] over the exposure season. CO2 consumption by the FACE system was much higher than for open-top chambers on an absolute basis, but similar to that of open-top chambers and branch bag chambers on a per unit volume basis. CO2 consumption by the FACE system was strongly related to windspeed, averaging 50 g CO2 m–3 h–1 for the stand for an average windspeed of 1.5 m s–1 during summer. The [CO2] control results show that the free-air approach is a tractable way to study long-term and short-term alterations in trace gases, even within entire tall forest ecosystems. The FACE approach permits the study of a wide range of forest stand and ecosystem processes under manipulated [CO2]a that were previously impossible or intractable to study in true forest ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VEGETATION dynamics
KW  - EFFECT of atmospheric carbon dioxide on plants
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - FACE
KW  - forest ecosystem
KW  - free-air CO
KW  - Pinus taeda
KW  - trace gas exposure technology
N1  - Accession Number: 5608087; Hendrey, George R. 1 Ellsworth, David S. 1 Lewin, Keith F. 1 Nagy, JohN. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Environmental Biology and Instrumentation, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA; Source Info: Mar1999, Vol. 5 Issue 3, p293; Subject Term: VEGETATION dynamics; Subject Term: EFFECT of atmospheric carbon dioxide on plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest ecosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus taeda; Author-Supplied Keyword: trace gas exposure technology; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00228.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, Andrew G.
AU  - Ball, J. Timothy
AU  - Luo, YiqI.
AU  - Field, Christopher B.
AU  - Reich, Peter B.
AU  - Curtis, Peter S.
AU  - Griffin, Kevin L.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Tissue, David T.
AU  - Forstreuter, Manfred
AU  - Rey, AnA.
AU  - Vogel, Christoph S.
AU  - participants, Cmeal
T1  - The photosynthesis – leaf nitrogen relationship at ambient and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide: a meta-analysis.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1999/03//
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
EP  - 346
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Estimation of leaf photosynthetic rate (A) from leaf nitrogen content (N) is both conceptually and numerically important in models of plant, ecosystem, and biosphere responses to global change. The relationship between A and N has been studied extensively at ambient CO2 but much less at elevated CO2. This study was designed to (i) assess whether the A–N relationship was more similar for species within than between community and vegetation types, and (ii) examine how growth at elevated CO2 affects the A–N relationship. Data were obtained for 39 C3 species grown at ambient CO2 and 10 C3 species grown at ambient and elevated CO2. A regression model was applied to each species as well as to species pooled within different community and vegetation types. Cluster analysis of the regression coefficients indicated that species measured at ambient CO2 did not separate into distinct groups matching community or vegetation type. Instead, most community and vegetation types shared the same general parameter space for regression coefficients. Growth at elevated CO2 increased photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency for pines and deciduous trees. When species were pooled by vegetation type, the A–N relationship for deciduous trees expressed on a leaf-mass basis was not altered by elevated CO2, while the intercept increased for pines. When regression coefficients were averaged to give mean responses for different vegetation types, elevated CO2 increased the intercept and the slope for deciduous trees but increased only the intercept for pines. There were no statistical differences between the pines and deciduous trees for the effect of CO2. Generalizations about the effect of elevated CO2 on the A–N relationship, and differences between pines and deciduous trees will be enhanced as more data become available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - LEAVES -- Physiology
KW  - EFFECT of nitrogen on plants
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - leaf nitrogen
KW  - meta-analysis
KW  - photosynthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 5608084; Peterson, Andrew G. 1 Ball, J. Timothy 1 Luo, YiqI. 1 Field, Christopher B. 2 Reich, Peter B. 3 Curtis, Peter S. 4 Griffin, Kevin L. 5 Gunderson, Carla A. 6 Norby, Richard J. 6 Tissue, David T. 7 Forstreuter, Manfred 8 Rey, AnA. 9 Vogel, Christoph S. 10 participants, Cmeal; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Center, Desert Research Institute, PO Box 60220, Reno, NV, 89506, USA,  2: Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Plant Biology, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,  3: Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA,  4: Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University 1735 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA,  5: Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9 W, 6 Marine Biology, Palisades, NY 10964, USA,  6: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA,  7: Department of Biology, Flint and Main Street, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA,  8: Technical University Berlin, Institute of Ecology, Koenigin-Luise-Str.22, D-14195 Berlin, Germany,  9: IERM, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh University, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JU, UK,  10: University of Michigan Biological Station, 9008 Biological Rd, Pellston MI 49769, USA Abstract; Source Info: Mar1999, Vol. 5 Issue 3, p331; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: LEAVES -- Physiology; Subject Term: EFFECT of nitrogen on plants; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: meta-analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00234.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burnham, Christian J.
AU  - Li, Jichen
AU  - Xantheas, Sotiris S.
AU  - Leslie, Maurice
T1  - The parametrization of a Thole-type all-atom polarizable water model from first principles and its application to the study of water clusters (n52-21) and the phonon spectrum of ice Ih.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 1999/03//3/1/1999
VL  - 110
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4566
EP  - 4581
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present the parametrization of a new polarizable model for water based on Thole's method [Chem. Phys. 59, 341 ~1981] for predicting molecular polarizabilities using smeared charges and dipoles. The potential is parametrized using first principles ab initio data for the water dimer. Initial benchmarks of the new model include the investigation of the properties of water clusters (n 52 - 21) and (hexagonal) ice Ih using molecular dynamics simulations. The potential produces energies and nearest-neighbor (H-bonded) oxygen-oxygen distances that agree well with the ab initio results for the small water clusters. The properties of larger clusters with 9-21 water molecules using predicted structures from Wales et al. [Chem. Phys. Lett. 286, 65 ~1998] were also studied in order to identify trends and convergence of structural and electric properties with cluster size. The simulation of ice Ih produces a lattice energy of 265.19 kJ/mol (expt. 258.9 kJ/mol) with an average dipole moment of 2.849 D. The calculated spectrum for the phonon density of states exhibits features that may correspond to the experimentally measured peaks at 28 and 37 meV. The many body contribution to the total energy is found to be close to 31% for both the water clusters and for ice Ih. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ICE
KW  - POLARIZABILITY (Electricity)
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - PHONONS
N1  - Accession Number: 60314521; Burnham, Christian J. 1 Li, Jichen 1 Xantheas, Sotiris S. 2 Leslie, Maurice 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 IQD, United Kingdom  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 906 Battelle Boulevard, MS K1-96, Richland, Washington 99352  3: Daresbury Laboratory, CCLRC, Warrington, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom; Source Info: 3/1/1999, Vol. 110 Issue 9, p4566; Subject Term: ICE; Subject Term: POLARIZABILITY (Electricity); Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: PHONONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312113 Ice Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312110 Soft drink and ice manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Gorse Jr., Robert A.
AU  - Belian, Timothy C.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Eighth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/03//
VL  - 49
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
EP  - 255
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The Coordinating Research Council (CRC) has sponsored a series of workshops over the last decade focusing on the most recent real-world vehicle emissions research. This summary presents findings from the eighth CRC-sponsored workshop from researchers who are engaged in improving our understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to air quality. Participants in the workshop discussed efforts to evaluate and improve mobile source emission models, field programs designed to understand the contribution of mobile sources to emission inventories, results from gas- and particle-phase emissions studies from spark-ignition and diesel-powered vehicles, as well as topics for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Research
KW  - Associations, institutions, etc.
KW  - Workshops (Adult education)
N1  - Accession Number: 12152535; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Gorse Jr., Robert A. 2; Belian, Timothy C. 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Email Address: doug_lawson@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1: General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 2: Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan; 3: Coordinating Research Council, Atlanta, Georgia; 4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Mar99, Vol. 49 Issue 3, p242; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Research; Subject Term: Associations, institutions, etc.; Subject Term: Workshops (Adult education); NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keller, G. Randy
AU  - Baldridge, W. Scott
T1  - The Rio Grande rift: A geological and geophysical overview.
JO  - Rocky Mountain Geology
JF  - Rocky Mountain Geology
Y1  - 1999///Spring1999
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
EP  - 130
SN  - 15557332
AB  - The Rio Grande rift is a major structural element of the Southern Rocky Mountain region. During the last 20 years this feature has become widely recognized as a major Cenozoic continental rift zone. During this time we have learned much about the structure and evolution of the rift. However, many gaps in our knowledge remain that prevent us from fully understanding its evolution and the processes that formed it. The rift should not be studied in isolation, because the Laramide orogeny, uplift, complex magmatism, and extension that have occurred since the Late Cretaceous are all to some extent related. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Rocky Mountain Geology is the property of Rocky Mountain Geology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIFTS (Geology)
KW  - STRUCTURAL geology
KW  - MOUNTAINS
KW  - RIO Grande (Colo.-Mexico & Tex.)
KW  - ROCKY Mountains
KW  - geophysics
KW  - Rio Grande rift
KW  - tectonics
N1  - Accession Number: 12753184; Keller, G. Randy 1 Baldridge, W. Scott 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, Pan American Center for Earth and Environmental Studies, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, U.S.A.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Geology/Geochemistry ESS-1, MS-D462, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Spring1999, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p121; Subject Term: RIFTS (Geology); Subject Term: STRUCTURAL geology; Subject Term: MOUNTAINS; Subject Term: RIO Grande (Colo.-Mexico & Tex.); Subject Term: ROCKY Mountains; Author-Supplied Keyword: geophysics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rio Grande rift; Author-Supplied Keyword: tectonics; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benzi, Michele
AU  - Szyld, Daniel B.
AU  - Van Duin, Arno
T1  - ORDERINGS FOR INCOMPLETE FACTORIZATION PRECONDITIONING OF NONSYMMETRIC PROBLEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1999/03//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1652
EP  - 1670
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Numerical experiments are presented whereby the effect of recording on the convergence of preconditioned. Krylov subspace methods for the solution of nonsymmetric linear systemes is shown. The preconditioners used in this study are different variants of incomplete factorizations. It is shown that certain reorderings for direct methods, such as reverse Cuthill­McKee, can be very beneficial. The benefit can be seen in the reduction of the number of iterations and also in measuring the deviation of the preconditioned operator from the identity.
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - DEVIATION (Statistics)
KW  - incomplete factorization
KW  - Krylov subspace methods
KW  - linear systems
KW  - nonsymmetric matrices
KW  - permutation of sparse matrices
KW  - preconditioned iterative methods
KW  - reorderings
N1  - Accession Number: 13200851; Benzi, Michele 1; Email Address: benzi@lanl.gov Szyld, Daniel B. 2; Email Address: szyld@math.temple.edu Van Duin, Arno 3; Email Address: arno@cs.leidenuniv.nl; Affiliation:  1: Scientific Computing Group (CIC-19), MS B256, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos  2: Department of Mathematics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA  3: Department of Computer Science, Leiden University, RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p1652; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: DEVIATION (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: incomplete factorization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Krylov subspace methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonsymmetric matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: permutation of sparse matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioned iterative methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: reorderings; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plotkin, Steve
T1  - Technologies and Policies for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the U.S. Automobile and Light Truck Fleet.
JO  - Transportation Quarterly
JF  - Transportation Quarterly
Y1  - 1999///Spring99
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 30
SN  - 02789434
AB  - The transportation sector produces slightly more than 30% of the greenhouse gas emissions from the United States, with light-duty vehicles—automobiles and light trucks—accounting for more than half of the sector's emissions. This makes the light-duty vehicle fleet an appealing target for carbon emissions reductions undertaken in pursuit of satisfying the United States' potential obligations under the Kyoto protocol. Furthermore, the current light-duty vehicle fleet is essentially fully dependent on petroleum for its energy supply, so reductions in greenhouse gases will yield similar reductions in U.S. oil use, an attractive proposition to those concerned about U.S. dependence on petroleum imports. Reducing light-duty greenhouse gas emissions and petroleum use can be accomplished by increasing vehicle energy efficiency, shifting travel to more efficient modes, reducing travel overall (by increasing the price of travel, changing development patterns, or other means), changing fuels, and increasing vehicle occupancy. This article focuses on policies and technologies for increasing vehicle energy efficiency, though policies that raise fuel prices will encourage other physical measures, as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Quarterly is the property of Eno Foundation for Transportation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPORTATION -- Environmental aspects
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL health
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12129520; Plotkin, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Transportation Research of the Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Spring99, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p7; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL health; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: POLLUTION; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - With, Kimberly A.
AU  - King, Anthony W.
T1  - Extinction Thresholds for Species in Fractal Landscapes.
JO  - Conservation Biology
JF  - Conservation Biology
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 314
EP  - 326
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 08888892
AB  - Predicts the extinction thresholds for species using fractal landscaping. Implications of habitat loss and fragmentation for conservation biologists; Concept of extinction thresholds; Limitation on the demographic potential of the species of conservation.
KW  - EXTINCTION (Biology)
KW  - FRAGMENTED landscapes
KW  - SPECIES
N1  - Accession Number: 5303727; With, Kimberly A. 1 King, Anthony W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Sciences , Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, U.S.A., email kwith@bgnet.bgsu.edu  2: Environmental Sciences Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A., email awk@ornl.gov; Source Info: Apr99, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p314; Subject Term: EXTINCTION (Biology); Subject Term: FRAGMENTED landscapes; Subject Term: SPECIES; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.013002314.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wickham, James D.
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
AU  - Wade, Timothy G.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
T1  - Transitions in forest fragmentation: implications for restoration opportunities at regional scales.
JO  - Landscape Ecology
JF  - Landscape Ecology
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
EP  - 145
SN  - 09212973
AB  - Focuses on the transitions in forest fragmentation and its: implications for restoration opportunities at regional scales. Percentage of anthropogenic cover in forest fragmentation; Use of fragmentation index to prioritize locations for restoration by targeting watersheds.
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Research
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Watersheds
N1  - Accession Number: 14001140; Wickham, James D. 1; Jones, K. Bruce 2; Riitters, Kurt H. 3; Wade, Timothy G. 2; O'Neill, Robert V. 4; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MD-56), National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.; 2: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA.; 3: U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; Issue Info: Apr1999, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p137; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Thesaurus Term: Research; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waters, Robert D.
AU  - Parker, Frank L.
T1  - Reliability Analysis for Hazardous Waste Treatment Processes.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 259
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The reliability of a treatment process is addressed in terms of achieving a regulatory effluent concentration standard and the design safety factors associated with the treatment process. This methodology was then applied to two aqueous hazardous waste treatment processes: packed tower aeration and activated sludge (aerobic) biological treatment. The designs achieving 95 percent reliability were compared with those designs based on conventional practice to determine their patterns of conservatism. Scoping-level treatment costs were also related to reliability levels for these treatment processes. The results indicate that the reliability levels for the physical/chemical treatment process (packed tower aeration) based on the deterministic safety factors range from 80 percent to over 99 percent, whereas those for the biological treatment process range from near 0 percent to over 99 percent, depending on the compound evaluated. Increases in reliability per unit increase in treatment costs are most pronounced at lower reliability levels (less than about 80 percent) than at the higher reliability levels (greater than 90 percent, indicating a point of diminishing returns. Additional research focused on process parameters that presently contain large uncertainties may reduce those uncertainties, with attending increases in the reliability levels of the treatment processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hazardous wastes -- Management
KW  - Hazardous substances
KW  - Waste products
KW  - Safety
KW  - Economies of scale
KW  - Diminishing returns
KW  - activated sludge
KW  - Aqueous hazardous waste
KW  - Biological treatment
KW  - hazardous waste treatment
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - packed tower
KW  - Reliability
KW  - safety factor
KW  - Waste treatment
KW  - Waste treatment process
N1  - Accession Number: 8115003; Waters, Robert D. 1; Parker, Frank L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, 115 N. Main St., Carlsbad, NM 88220.; 2: Vanderbilt University, PO Box 1596B, Nashville, TN 37235.; Issue Info: Apr99, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p249; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes -- Management; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substances; Thesaurus Term: Waste products; Thesaurus Term: Safety; Subject Term: Economies of scale; Subject Term: Diminishing returns; Author-Supplied Keyword: activated sludge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous hazardous waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: hazardous waste treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: packed tower; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reliability; Author-Supplied Keyword: safety factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Waste treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Waste treatment process; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ng, Esmond G.
AU  - Raghavan, Padma
T1  - PERFORMANCE OF GREEDY ORDERING HEURISTICS FOR SPARSE CHOLESKY FACTORIZATION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 902
EP  - 914
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - Greedy algorithms for ordering sparse matrices for Cholesky factorization can be based on different metrics. Minimum degree, a popular and effective greedy ordering scheme, minimizes the number of nonzero entries in the rank-1 update (degree) at each step of the factorization. Alternatively, minimum deficiency minimizes the number of nonzero entries introduced (deficiency) at each step of the factorization. In this paper we develop two new heuristics: modified minimum deficiency (MMDF) and modified multiple minimum degree (MMMD). The former uses a metric similar to deficiency while the latter uses a degree-like metric. Our experiments reveal that on the average, MMDF orderings result in 21% fewer operations to factor than minimum degree; MMMD orderings result in 15% fewer operations to factor than minimum degree. MMMD requires on the average 7–13% more time than minimum degree, while MMDF requires on the average 33–34% more time than minimum degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - LINEAR orderings
KW  - HEURISTIC programming
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - greedy heuristics
KW  - minimum deficiency
KW  - minimum degree
KW  - sparse matrix ordering
N1  - Accession Number: 13213605; Ng, Esmond G. 1; Email Address: ngeg@ornl.gov Raghavan, Padma 2; Email Address: padma@cs.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367  2: Ayes Hall, Department of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1301; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p902; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: LINEAR orderings; Subject Term: HEURISTIC programming; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: greedy heuristics; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum deficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum degree; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse matrix ordering; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhaojun Bai
AU  - Day, David
AU  - Qiang Ye
T1  - ABLE: AN ADAPTIVE BLOCK LANCZOS METHOD FOR NON-HERMITIAN EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1060
EP  - 1082
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - This work presents an adaptive block Lanczos method for large-scale non-Hermitian Eigenvalue problems (henceforth the ABLE method). The ABLE method is a block version of the non-Hermitian Lanczos algorithm. There are three innovations. First, an adaptive blocksize scheme cures (near) breakdown and adapts the blocksize to the order of multiple or clustered eigenvalues. Second, stopping criteria are developed that exploit the semiquadratic convergence property of the method. Third, a well-known technique from the Hermitian Lanczos algorithm is generalized to monitor the loss of biorthogonality and maintain semibiorthogonality among the computed Lanczos vectors. Each innovation is theoretically justified. Academic model problems and real application problems are solved to demonstrate the numerical behaviors of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - VECTOR spaces
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - eigenvalue problem
KW  - lanczos method
KW  - non-hermitian matrices
KW  - spectral transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 13213614; Zhaojun Bai 1; Email Address: bai@ms.uky.edu Day, David 2; Email Address: dday@cs.sandia.gov Qiang Ye 3; Email Address: ye@gauss.amath.umanitoba.ca; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506  2: MS 1110, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185  3: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p1060; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: VECTOR spaces; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvalue problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: lanczos method; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-hermitian matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral transformation; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geist, G. A.
AU  - Howell, G. W.
AU  - Watkins, D. S.
T1  - THE BR EIGENVALUE ALGORITHM.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 1999/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
EP  - 1098
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - The BR algorithm, a new method for calculating the eigenvalues of an upper Hes- senberg matrix, is introduced. It is a bulge-chasing algorithm like the QR algorithm, but, unlike the QR algorithm, it is well adapted to computing the eigenvalues of the narrow-band, nearly tridiagonal matrices generated by the look-ahead Lanczos process. This paper describes the BR algorithm and gives numerical evidence that it works well in conjunction with the Lanczos process. On the biggest problems run so far, the BR algorithm beats the QR algorithm by a factor of 30–60 in computing time and a factor of over 100 in matrix storage space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - eigenvalue computation
KW  - qr algorithm
KW  - unsymmetric lanczos process
N1  - Accession Number: 13213655; Geist, G. A. 1; Email Address: gst@ornl.gov Howell, G. W. 2; Email Address: howell@zach.fit.edu Watkins, D. S. 3; Email Address: watkins@wsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mathematical Sciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Box 2008, Bldg. 6012, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367  2: Department of Applied Mathematics Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Boulivard, Melbourne, FL 32901  3: Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-3113; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p1083; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvalue computation; Author-Supplied Keyword: qr algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsymmetric lanczos process; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Daniel A.
T1  - Solution of capacitance systems using incomplete Cholesky fixed point iteration.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 1999/05//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 380
SN  - 10698299
AB  - Application of the Galerkin finite element method to the electromagnetic vector wave equation yields an implicit system of equations that must be evolved in time. The left-hand matrix has units of capacitance and is analogous to the mass matrix in continuum mechanics. In this letter we point out the interesting fact that for a Cartesian grid the Cholesky decomposition of the capacitance matrix has the same sparsity as the original matrix, i.e. there is no zero-fill during the course of the Cholesky decomposition. Therefore an iterative method using the incomplete Cholesky decomposition as a preconditioner is quite efficient for nearly orthogonal quadrilateral or hexahedral grids. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - electromagnetics
KW  - finite element
KW  - iterative methods
KW  - linear systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13440217; White, Daniel A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, MS L-560, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May99, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p375; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear systems; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pierson, William R.
AU  - Schorran, David E.
AU  - Fujita, Eric M.
AU  - Sagebiel, John C.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
AU  - Tanner, Roger L.
T1  - Assessment of Nontailpipe Hydrocarbon Emissions from Motor Vehicles.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 498
EP  - 519
SN  - 10962247
AB  - This report evaluates tailpipe and nontailpipe hydrocarbon (HC) emissions from light-duty spark-ignition (SI) vehicles. The sources of information were unpublished data sets, generated mainly from 1990 through 1994, on emissions from volunteer fleets of in-use vehicles in chassis dynamometer and sealed housing for evaporative determination tests, and published chemical mass balance (CMB) source apportionments of HC in roadway tunnels and in urban air. The nontailpipe emissions evaluated comprise running-loss, hot soak, diurnal emissions, and resting-loss emissions. Relations between pressure and purge test failures and actual nontailpipe emissions were also examined. According to the recruited fleet data, nontailpipe emissions exceed tailpipe HC emissions by a wide margin. This is contradicted by real-world ambient and roadway tunnel CMB results, which attribute 65-93% of motor vehicle non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) to tailpipe emissions, and the balance from the nontailpipe. Running-loss emission rates were critically dependent on driving cycle and conditioning. They decreased steeply with increasing vehicle speed, according to the fleet data. They increased with ambient temperature and fuel Reid vapor pressure (RVP) at rates of ∼7%/°F and 46%/psi. Hot soak, diurnal, and resting-loss emission rates all increased with increasing ambient temperatures, at rates in the range of 2.2-4.6%/°F. Hot soak and diurnal emission rates increased with increasing fuel RVP, at rates between 34 and 47%/psi increase in RVP (at 95 °F ambient temperature). Vehicle-to-vehicle variation in HC emission rates was very large in all nontailpipe (and tailpipe) emissions categories. For each emission category, 10% of the vehicles produced ∼50% of the emissions. The dirtiest 10% of the vehicles in any one category, however, were not usually the same vehicles as the dirtiest 10% of the vehicles in any other category, however, were not usually the same vehicles as the... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution monitoring
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Urban pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 12147523; Pierson, William R. 1; Email Address: billp@dri.edu; Schorran, David E. 1; Fujita, Eric M. 1; Sagebiel, John C. 1; Lawson, Douglas R. 2; Tanner, Roger L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; 3: TVA Environmental Research Center, Muscle Shoals, Alabama; Issue Info: May99, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p498; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles; Thesaurus Term: Urban pollution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415190 Recreational and other motor vehicles merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 10 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Price, J. L.
T1  - Airborne Emissions of Mercury from Municipal Landfill Operations: A Short-Term Measurement Study in Florida.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 520
EP  - 532
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Large quantities of mercury (Hg) have been placed in municipal landfills from a wide array of sources, including fluorescent lights, batteries, electrical switches, thermometers, and general waste. Despite its known volatility, persistence, and toxicity in the environment, the fate of this Hg has not been widely studied. Using automated flux chambers and atmospheric sampling, we quantified the primary pathways of Hg vapor releases to the atmosphere at two municipal landfill operations in south Florida for eight days in April 1997. These pathways included landfill gas (LFG) releases from passive and active vent systems, passive emissions from landfill surface covers of different ages (including CH[sub4] "hot spots"), and emissions from daily activities at a working face (WF). Hg vapor was released to the atmosphere at readily detectable rates from all sources measured. Emission rates ranged from ∼1 to 20 ng m[sup-2] hr[sup-1] over aged surface covers (generally comparable to background soils), from ∼6 to 2400 ng/hr from LFG vents and flares, and from ∼5 to 60 mg/hr at the WF. In general the fluxes increased from older to newer landfills, from fresh to aged cover, and from passive to active venting systems. Limited data suggest that methyl- and other organo-mercury compounds may also be emitted from these sites, suggesting an important area for future research. We estimate that atmospheric Hg releases from municipal landfill operations in the state of Florida are on the order of 10 kg/yr, or <1% of the estimated total anthropogenic Hg releases to air in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Mercury wastes
KW  - Landfills
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Florida
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12147524; Lindberg, S. E. 1; Price, J. L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2: Waste Management Division, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, Florida; Issue Info: May99, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p520; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Mercury wastes; Thesaurus Term: Landfills; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject: Florida; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freitag, Lori
AU  - Jones, Mark
AU  - Plassmann, Paul
T1  - A PARALLEL ALGORITHM FOR MESH SMOOTHING.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1999/05//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2023
EP  - 2040
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Maintaining good mesh quality during the generation and refinement of unstructured meshes in finite-element applications is an important aspect in obtaining accurate discretizations and well-conditioned linear systems. In this article, we present a mesh-smoothing algorithm based on nonsmooth optimization techniques and a scalable implementation of this algorithm. We prove that the parallel algorithm has a provably fast runtime bound and executes correctly for a parallel random access machine (PRAM) computational model. We extend the PRAM algorithm to distributed memory computers and report results for two- and three-dimensional simplicial meshes that demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of this approach for a number of different test cases. We also examine the effect of different architectures on the parallel algorithm and present results for the IBM SP supercomputer and an ATM-connected network of SPARC Ultras.
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions
KW  - finite elements
KW  - mesh smoothing
KW  - parallel algorithms
KW  - parallel computing
KW  - unstructured meshes
N1  - Accession Number: 13201349; Freitag, Lori 1; Email Address: freitag@mcs.anl.gov Jones, Mark 2; Email Address: mtj@vt.edu Plassmann, Paul 3; Email Address: plassman@cse.psu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  2: The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061  3: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p2023; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh smoothing; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: unstructured meshes; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tisseur, Francoise
AU  - Dongarra, Jack
T1  - A PARALLEL DIVIDE AND CONQUER ALGORITHM FOR THE SYMMETRIC EIGENVALUE PROBLEM ON DISTRIBUTED MEMORY ARCHITECTURES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1999/05//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2223
EP  - 2236
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We present a new parallel implementation of a divide and conquer algorithm for computing the spectral decomposition of a symmetric tridiagonal matrix on distributed memory architectures. The implementation we develop differs from other implementations in that we use a two-dimensional block cyclic distribution of the data, we use the Löwner theorem approach to compute orthogonal eigenvectors, and we introduce permutations before the black transformation of each rank-one update in order to make good use of deflation. This algorithm yields the first scalable, portable, and numerically stable parallel divide and conquer eigensolver. Numerical results confirm the effectiveness of our algorithm. We compare performance of the algorithm with that of the QR algorithm and of bisection followed by inverse on an IBM SP2 and a cluster of Pentium PIIs.
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - SYMMETRIC matrices
KW  - SPECTRAL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - HYPERCUBE
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
KW  - distributed memory architecture
KW  - divide and conquer
KW  - LAPACK
KW  - parallel algorithm
KW  - rank-one modification
KW  - ScaLAPACK
KW  - symmetric eigenvalue problem
KW  - tridiagonal matrix
N1  - Accession Number: 13201234; Tisseur, Francoise 1; Email Address: ftisseur@ma.man.ac.uk Dongarra, Jack 2,3; Email Address: dongarra@cs.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, England  2: Department of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1301  3: Mathematical Sciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p2223; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: SYMMETRIC matrices; Subject Term: SPECTRAL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: HYPERCUBE; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed memory architecture; Author-Supplied Keyword: divide and conquer; Author-Supplied Keyword: LAPACK; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: rank-one modification; Author-Supplied Keyword: ScaLAPACK; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetric eigenvalue problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: tridiagonal matrix; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sample, B. E.
AU  - Arenal, C. A.
T1  - Allometric Models for Interspecies Extrapolation of Wildlife Toxicity Data.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 62
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 663
SN  - 00074861
AB  - The article examines the toxicity values in avian and mammalian species through allometric scaling or an extrapolation method, which is based on the observation that many biological properties vary directly due to body weight. A total of 2,853 acute avian and mammalian toxicity values were obtained and the average avian scaling factor included alkaloids, inorganic, organochlorines and drugs. This suggests a scaling factor of 1.2 that could be appropriate for bird inter-species extrapolations for many chemicals.
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Experimental toxicology
KW  - Chronic toxicity testing
KW  - Birds -- Behavior
KW  - Mammals
KW  - Environmental toxicology
KW  - Allometry
KW  - Alkaloids
KW  - Organochlorine compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 15731003; Sample, B. E. 1; Arenal, C. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 62 Issue 6, p653; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Experimental toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Chronic toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Birds -- Behavior; Thesaurus Term: Mammals; Thesaurus Term: Environmental toxicology; Subject Term: Allometry; Subject Term: Alkaloids; Subject Term: Organochlorine compounds; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regens, James L.
AU  - Hodges, Donald G.
AU  - Wilkey, Patrick L.
AU  - Zimmerman, Eric
AU  - Armstrong, Anthony Q.
AU  - Kelley, Linda
AU  - Hall, Timothy A.
AU  - Hughes, Eugene A.
T1  - An Integrated Framework for Evaluating Subsurface Contamination Remediation Technologies.
JO  - Environmental Geosciences
JF  - Environmental Geosciences
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
EP  - 89
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10759565
AB  - ABSTRACT•Reliable tools are needed to ensure efficient selection and deployment of conventional and innovative technologies to remediate trichloroethylene-contaminated soils and groundwater. This article describes a Technology Evaluation Framework (TEF) that integrates eight criteria (technical performance, life cycle cost, process residuals, regulatory feasibility, risk, future use, natural resource damages, and stakeholder concerns) relevant to site-specific technology selection and deployment for voluntary or regulatory agency–mandated cleanups. The TEF provides a basis for systematically comparing innovative and conventional technologies in terms of meeting remediation goals. The completed TEF provides a documented, reproducible evaluation summarized on a rollup sheet, which can be updated as new information becomes available. The results of a pilot application of the TEF at the 317 Area of Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollution control equipment
KW  - Soil remediation
KW  - Water -- Purification -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - remediation technologies, subsurface contamination, groundwater, soil, trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 5187257; Regens, James L. 1; Hodges, Donald G. 1; Wilkey, Patrick L. 2; Zimmerman, Eric 2; Armstrong, Anthony Q. 3; Kelley, Linda 4; Hall, Timothy A. 5; Hughes, Eugene A. 6; Affiliations: 1: Tulane University Medical Center , New Orleans, LA 70112; 2: Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, IL 60439; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, TN 37830; 4: CB Consulting , Inc., Lafayette, CA 94549; 5: ManTech Environmental Corporation , Houston, TX 77027; 6: Erin Engineering and Research , Inc., Walnut Creek, CA 94596; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p82; Thesaurus Term: Pollution control equipment; Thesaurus Term: Soil remediation; Thesaurus Term: Water -- Purification -- Equipment & supplies; Author-Supplied Keyword: remediation technologies, subsurface contamination, groundwater, soil, trichloroethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1526-0984.1999.08038.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephen, John R.
AU  - Chang, Yun-Juan
AU  - Gan, Ying Dong
AU  - Peacock, Aaron
AU  - Pfiffner, Susan M.
AU  - Barcelona, Michael J.
AU  - White, David C.
AU  - Macnaughton, Sarah J.
T1  - Microbial characterization of a JP-4 fuel-contaminated site using a combined lipid biomarker/polymerase chain reaction--denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR--DGGE)-based approach.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 241
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - The impact of pollution on soil microbial communities and subsequent bioremediation can be measured quantitatively in situ using direct, non-culture- dependent techniques. Such techniques have advantages over culture-based methods, which often account for less than 1% of the extant microbial community. In 1988, a JP-4 fuel spill contaminated the glacio-fluvial aquifer at Wurtsmith Air Force Base, Michigan, USA. In this study, lipid biomarker characterization of the bacterial and eukaryotic communities was combined with polymerase chain reaction– denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR–DGGE) analysis of the eubacterial community to evaluate correlation between contaminant (JP-4 fuel) concentration and community structure shifts. Vadose, capillary fringe and saturated zone samples were taken from cores within and up- and down-gradient from the contaminant plume. Lipid biomarker analysis indicated that samples from within the plume contained increased biomass, with large proportions of typically Gram-negative bacteria. Outside the plume, lipid profiles indicated low-biomass microbial communities compared with those within the initial spill site. 16S rDNA sequences derived from DGGE profiles from within the initial spill site suggested dominance of the eubacterial community by a limited number of phylogenetically diverse organisms. Used in tandem with pollutant quantification, these molecular techniques should facilitate significant improvements over current assessment procedures for the determination of remediation end-points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Soil microbiology
N1  - Accession Number: 5845773; Stephen, John R. 1; Chang, Yun-Juan 1; Gan, Ying Dong 1; Peacock, Aaron 1; Pfiffner, Susan M. 1; Barcelona, Michael J. 2; White, David C. 1,3; Macnaughton, Sarah J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Drive, Suite 300, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA.,; 2: National Center for Integrated Bioremediation Research and Development, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, MI 48109, USA.,; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p231; Thesaurus Term: Bioremediation; Thesaurus Term: Soil microbiology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.1999.00030.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, R. F.
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
T1  - Effects of Wet Acid Deposition and Soil Fertility on Seedling Growth, Nutrition, and Water Relations.
JO  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
JF  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 9
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
SN  - 10549811
AB  - Responses of juvenile white oak (Quercus albaL.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taedaL.) to simulated acid precipitation (pH 4.8, 4.2, and 3.6), as influenced by soil fertility, were examined. Height and stem diameter growth of white oak decreased with increasing rainfall acidity, although the height response was confined to the high fertility treatment, and root mass was reduced by pH 3.6 rains as well. Height and diameter growth also declined with increasing acidity in loblolly pine, and shoot and root mass and root length and specific length were reduced in low fertility by pH 3.6 rains. Direct foliar injury increased with increasing acidity in loblolly pine, but pH 3.6 rainfall stimulated mycorrhization of this species. Foliar Ca, Mg, and Cu were reduced in both species by pH 3.6 and pH 4.2 rains as was S by the former. Conversely, the Fe concentration was elevated by pH 3.6 and pH 4.2 rainfall in loblolly pine as was Zn by the former. Foliar Al increased with increasing acidity in both white oak and loblolly pine, a response partially attenuated by high soil fertility. Xylem pressure potential of loblolly pine that had received pH 3.6 rainfall declined below that of other treatments during a simulated drought episode. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sustainable Forestry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75950049; Walker, R. F. 1; Email Address: walker@ers.unr.edu; McLaughlin, S. B. 2; Affiliations: 1: University of Nevada, Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV, 89512, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1059, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA; Issue Info: Jun1999, Vol. 9 Issue 3/4, p1; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J091v09n03_01
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
AU  - Wimmer, R.
T1  - Tansley Review No. 104. Calcium physiology and terrestrial ecosystem processes.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 142
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
EP  - 417
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Calcium occupies a unique position among plant nutrients both chemically and functionally. Its chemical properties allow it to exist in a wide range of binding states and to serve in both structural and messenger roles. Despite its importance in many plant processes. Ca mobility is low, making Ca uptake and distribution rate a limiting process for many key plant functions. Ca plays an essential role in regulating many physiological processes that influence both growth and responses to environmental stresses. Included among these are: water and solute movement, influenced through effects on membrane structure and stomatal function; cell division and cell wall synthesis; direct or signaling roles in systems involved in plant defense and repair of damage from biotic and abiotic stress; rates of respiratory metabolism and translocation; and structural chemistry and function of woody support tissues. Forest trees, because of their size and age capacity, have been examined for evidence of limitations imposed by the timing and level of Ca supply. Examination of Ca physiology and biogeochemical cycling for forested systems reveals many indications that Ca supply places important limitations on forest structure and function. These limitations are likely to be most significant with older trees, later successional stages, high levels of soil acidity and/or high canopy Ca leaching losses, or under conditions where plant competition is high or transpiration is limited by high humidity or low soil moisture. Evidence of structural and physiological adaptations of forests to limited Ca supply indicators of system dysfunction at many levels under reduced Ca supply; and the positive responses of diverse indicators of forest vitality in liming experiments indicate that Ca is more important to forest function and structure than has generally been recognized. Lack of recognition of CM limitations is due in part to that fact some important plant functions are controlled by changes in very small physiologically active pools within the cytoplasm. and whole-leaf Ca levels may not reflect these limitations. An additional aspect is the fact that Ca availability has declined significantly for many forests in just the past few decades. Additional research on the role of Ca supply in resistance of forests to disease, changes in structural integrity of woody tissues, restrictions on rooting patterns and function, arid uptake of other nutrients, notably N. is needed. Increased understanding of the physiological ecology of Ca supply can be anticipated to provide important insights that will aid in future protection and management of both natural and commercial forest systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - STOMATA
KW  - CELL division (Biology)
KW  - calcium
KW  - ecosystem
KW  - forests
KW  - function.
KW  - physiology
KW  - structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12627423; McLaughlin, S. B. 1; Email Address: un4@ornl.gov Wimmer, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.  2: Austrian Agricultural University, Vienna, Austria.; Source Info: Jun99, Vol. 142 Issue 3, p373; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: STOMATA; Subject Term: CELL division (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: calcium; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: forests; Author-Supplied Keyword: function.; Author-Supplied Keyword: physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: structure; Number of Pages: 45p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LaKind, Judy S.
AU  - Graves, Carol G.
AU  - Ginevan, Michael E.
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
AU  - Naiman, Daniel Q.
AU  - Tardiff, Robert G.
T1  - Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the Workplace and the Impact of Away-From-Work Exposure.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 358
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Concentrating on exposure in workplaces where smoking occurs, we examined environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-related concentration data from the 16-City Study.(1,2)  This study involved a large population of nonsmokers, used personal monitors, and encompassed a wide selection of ETS-related constituents. This first article in a series of three describes the 16-City Study, considers the impact of demographic variables, and concludes that these variables did not explaindifferences in exposure to ETS. We compared 16-City Study concentrations obtained in the workplace to previously reported workplace concentrations and determined that data from this study were representative of current ETS exposure in nonmanufacturing workplaces where smoking occurs. Considering factors other than demographic factors, we found that, not surprisingly, the number of cigarettes observed in the workplace had an impact on exposure concentrations. Finally, we compared people from homes where smoking occurs with people from nonsmoking homes and found that people from smoking homes observed more smoking in the workplace and experienced higher concentrations of ETS-relatedcompounds in the workplace, even when they observed the same number of cigarettes being smoked in the workplace. In two subsequent articles in this series, we discuss relationships between various ETS markers and provide estimates of distributions of doses to nonsmoking workers employed in workplaces where smoking occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Threshold limit values (Industrial toxicology)
KW  - Environmental exposure
KW  - Tobacco smoke
KW  - Substance abuse
KW  - Work environment
KW  - 16-City Study
KW  - avoidance
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - personal monitoring
KW  - workplace exposure.
N1  - Accession Number: 8115013; LaKind, Judy S.; Graves, Carol G. 1; Ginevan, Michael E.; Jenkins, Roger A. 2; Naiman, Daniel Q. 3; Tardiff, Robert G. 1; Affiliations: 1: The Sapphire Group, Inc., 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700, Bethesda, MD 20814; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 3: Johns Hopkins University, Department of Mathematical Sciences; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p349; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Threshold limit values (Industrial toxicology); Thesaurus Term: Environmental exposure; Subject Term: Tobacco smoke; Subject Term: Substance abuse; Subject Term: Work environment; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16-City Study; Author-Supplied Keyword: avoidance; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Occupational exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: personal monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: workplace exposure.; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LaKind, Judy S.
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
AU  - Naiman, Daniel Q.
AU  - Ginevan, Michael E.
AU  - Graves, Carol G.
AU  - Tardiff, Robert G.
T1  - Use of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Constituents as Markers for Exposure.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
EP  - 373
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The 16-City Study analyzed for gas-phase environmental tobacco smoke(ETS) constituents (nicotine, 3-ethenyl pyridine [3-EP], and myosmine) and for particulate-phase constituents (respirable particulate matter [RSP], ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter [UVPM], fluorescing particulate matter [FPM], scopoletin, and solanesol). In this second of three articles, we discuss the merits of each constituent as a marker for ETS and report pair-wise comparisons of the markers. Neither nicotine nor UVPM were good predictors for RSP. However, nicotine and UVPM were good qualitative predictors of each other. Nicotine wascorrelated with other gas-phase constituents. Comparisons between UVPM and other particulate-phase constituents were performed. Its relation with FPM was excellent, with UVPM approximately 11/2 times FPM. The correlation between UVPM and solanesol was good, but the relationship between the two was not linear. The relation between UVPM and scopoletin was not good, largely because of noise in the scopoletin measures around its limit of detection. We considered the relation between nicotine and saliva cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine. The two were highly correlated on the group level. That is, for each cell (smoking home and work, smoking home but nonsmoking work, and so forth), there was high correlation between average cotinine and 24-hour time-weighted average (TWA) nicotine concentrations. However, on the individual level, the correlations, although significant, were not biologically meaningful. A consideration of cotinine and nicotine or 3-EP on asubset of the study whose only exposure to ETS was exclusively at work or exclusively at home showed that home exposure was a more important source of ETS than work exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Threshold limit values (Industrial toxicology)
KW  - Environmental exposure
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Tobacco smoke
KW  - 16-City Study
KW  - Biological significance
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - markers
KW  - nicotine
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - personal monitoring
KW  - saliva cotinine
KW  - workplace exposure.
N1  - Accession Number: 8115022; LaKind, Judy S.; Jenkins, Roger A. 1; Naiman, Daniel Q. 2; Ginevan, Michael E.; Graves, Carol G. 3; Tardiff, Robert G. 3; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2: The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Mathematical Sciences; 3: The Sapphire Group, Inc., 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700, Bethesda, MD 20814; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p359; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Threshold limit values (Industrial toxicology); Thesaurus Term: Environmental exposure; Thesaurus Term: Smoking; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16-City Study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological significance; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: markers; Author-Supplied Keyword: nicotine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Occupational exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: personal monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: saliva cotinine; Author-Supplied Keyword: workplace exposure.; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lakind, Judy S.
AU  - Ginevan, Michael E.
AU  - Naiman, Daniel Q.
AU  - James, Anthony C.
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
AU  - Dourson, Michael L.
AU  - Felter, Susan P.
AU  - Graves, Carol G.
AU  - Tardiff, Robert G.
T1  - Distribution of Exposure Concentrations and Doses for Constituents of Environmental Tobacco Smoke.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 390
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The ultimate goal of the research reported in this series of three articles is to derive distributions of doses of selected environmentaltobacco smoke (ETS)-related chemicals for nonsmoking workers. This analysis uses data from the 16-City Study collected with personal monitors over the course of one workday in workplaces where smoking occurred. In this article, we describe distributions of ETS chemical concentrations and the characteristics of those distributions (e.g., whether the distribution was log normal for a given constituent) for the workplace exposure. Next, we present population parameters relevant for estimating dose distributions and the methods used for estimating those dose distributions. Finally, we derive distributions of doses ofselected ETS-related constituents obtained in the workplace for people in smoking work environments. Estimating dose distributions provided information beyond the usual point estimate of dose and showed that the preponderance of individuals exposed to ETS in the workplace were exposed at the low end of the dose distribution curve. The resultsof this analysis include estimations of hourly maxima and time-weighted average (TWA) doses of nicotine from workplace exposures to ETS (extrapolated from 1 day to 1 week) and doses derived from modeled lung burdens of ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter (UVPM) and solanesol resulting from workplace exposures to ETS (extrapolated from 1 day to 1 year). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Population dynamics
KW  - Chemical terrorism
KW  - Environmental exposure
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Tobacco smoke
KW  - 16-City Study
KW  - distributional analysis
KW  - dose distributions
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - nicotine
KW  - solanesol
KW  - ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter
KW  - Ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter (UVPM)
KW  - workplace exposure.
N1  - Accession Number: 8115011; Lakind, Judy S. 1; Ginevan, Michael E.; Naiman, Daniel Q. 2; James, Anthony C.; Jenkins, Roger A. 3; Dourson, Michael L.; Felter, Susan P.; Graves, Carol G. 4; Tardiff, Robert G. 4; Affiliations: 1: LaKind Associates, LLC; 2: The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Mathematical Sciences; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 4: The Sapphire Group, Inc., 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 700, Bethesda, MD 20814; Issue Info: Jun99, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p375; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Population dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Chemical terrorism; Thesaurus Term: Environmental exposure; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16-City Study; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributional analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: nicotine; Author-Supplied Keyword: solanesol; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter (UVPM); Author-Supplied Keyword: workplace exposure.; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyman, James M.
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail
T1  - THE ORTHOGONAL DECOMPOSITION THEOREMS FOR MIMETIC FINITE DIFFERENCE METHODS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 788
EP  - 818
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - Accurate discrete analogs of differential operators that satisfy the identities and theorems of vector and tensor calculus provide reliable finite difference methods for approximating the solutions to a wide class of partial differential equations. These methods mimic many fundamental properties of the underlying physical problem including conservation laws, symmetries in the solution, and the nondivergence of particular vector fields (i.e., they are divergence free) and should satisfy a discrete version of the orthogonal decomposition theorem. This theorem plays a fundamental role in the theory of generalized solutions and in the numerical solution of physical models, including the Navier­Stokes equations and in electrodynamics. We are deriving mimetic finite difference approximations of the divergence, gradient, and curl that satisfy discrete analogs of the integral identities satisfied by the differential operators. We first define the natural discrete divergence, gradient, and curl operators based on coordinate invariant definitions, such as Gauss's theorem, for the divergence. Next we use the formal adjoints of these natural operators to derive compatible divergence, gradient, and curl operators with complementary domains and ranges of values. In this paper we prove that these operators satisfy discrete analogs of the orthogonal decomposition theorem and demonstrate how a discrete vector can be decomposed into two orthogonal vectors in a unique way, satisfying a discrete analog of the formula [This symbol cannot be presented in ASCII format] = grad φ + curl [This symbol cannot be presented in ASCII format]. We also present a numerical example to illustrate the numerical procedure and calculate the convergence rate of the method for a spiral vector field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL operators
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - VECTOR fields
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics)
KW  - discrete orthogonal decomposition theorem
KW  - discrete vector analysis
KW  - mimetic finite difference methods
N1  - Accession Number: 13215461; Hyman, James M. 1; Email Address: jh@lanl.gov Shashkov, Mikhail 1; Email Address: misha@t7.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-7, MS-B284, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p788; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL operators; Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: VECTOR fields; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: discrete orthogonal decomposition theorem; Author-Supplied Keyword: discrete vector analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: mimetic finite difference methods; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bois, Frédéric Y.
AU  - Smith, Thomas J.
AU  - Gelman, Andrew
AU  - Ho-Yuan Chang
AU  - Smith, Andrew E.
T1  - Optimal design for a study of butadiene toxicokinetics in humans.
JO  - Toxicological Sciences
JF  - Toxicological Sciences
Y1  - 1999/06//
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 224
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10966080
AB  - The derivation of the optimal design for an upcoming toxicokinetic study of butadiene in humans is presented. The specific goal of the planned study is to obtain a precise estimate of butadiene metabolic clearance for each study subject, together with a good characterization of its population variance. We used a two-compartment toxicokinetic model, imbedded in a hierarchical population model of variability, in conjunction with a preliminary set of butadiene kinetic data in humans, as a basis for design optimization. Optimization was performed using Monte Carlo simulations. Candidate designs differed in the number and timing of exhaled air samples to be collected. Simulations indicated that only 10 air samples should be necessary to obtain a coefficient of variation of 15% for the estimated clearance rate, if the timing of those samples is properly chosen. Optimal sampling times were found to closely bracket the end of exposure. This efficient design will allow the recruitment of more subjects in the study, in particular to match prescribed levels of accuracy in the estimate of the population variance of the butadiene metabolic rate constant. The techniques presented here have general applicability to the design of human and animal toxicology studies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicological Sciences is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Butadiene
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - butadiene population toxicokinetics
KW  - human inhalation experiments
KW  - Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations
KW  - optimal experimental design
KW  - optimal experimental design.
N1  - Accession Number: 44405772; Bois, Frédéric Y. 1; Email Address: fbois@diana.lbl.gov; Smith, Thomas J. 2; Gelman, Andrew 3; Ho-Yuan Chang 2; Smith, Andrew E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2: Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 3: Statistics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York; Issue Info: Jun1999, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p213; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Subject Term: Butadiene; Subject Term: Metabolism; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: butadiene population toxicokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: human inhalation experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimal experimental design; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimal experimental design.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
T1  - Carbon Dioxide Efflux Rates from Stems of Mature Quercus prinus L. and Acer rubrum L. Trees Do Not Appear to Be Affected by Sapflow Rates.
JO  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
JF  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Y1  - 1999/06/02/
VL  - 10
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 131
SN  - 10549811
N1  - Accession Number: 75950130; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Jan1999, Vol. 10 Issue 1/2, p125; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J091v10n01_14
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Michael, R.
AU  - McKay, L.
AU  - Roche, Julie La
AU  - Yakunin, Alexander F.
AU  - Durnford, Dion G.
AU  - Geider, Richard J.
T1  - ACCUMULATION OF FERREDOXIN AND FLAVODOXIN IN A MARINE DIATOM IN RESPONSE TO FE.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 1999/06/15/Jun99 Supplement
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 510
EP  - 519
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Studies the accumulation of the redox catalysts ferredoxin and flavodoxin in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum in response to iron.  Relaxation of the constraints on photochemistry; Significance of iron availability in regulating oceanic production.
KW  - Diatoms
KW  - Iron
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Catalysts
N1  - Accession Number: 11018316; Michael, R. 1; Email Address: rmmckay@bgnet.bgsu.edu; McKay, L. 2; Roche, Julie La 3; Yakunin, Alexander F. 4; Durnford, Dion G. 5; Geider, Richard J.; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University; 2: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory; 3: Départment of Microbiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal; 4: Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick; 5: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Laboratory Citadel Hill; Issue Info: Jun99 Supplement, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p510; Thesaurus Term: Diatoms; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Subject Term: Catalysts; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lederman, Leon M.
T1  - A Science Way of Thinking.
JO  - Education Week
JF  - Education Week
Y1  - 1999/06/16/
VL  - 18
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
PB  - Editorial Projects in Education Inc.
SN  - 02774232
AB  - Suggests how to view the general failure of school reform movements.  Prospects for continued escalation of change; Influence of molecular biology; Suggested content of a standards-based science curriculum; Unifying themes in science and mathematics.
KW  - EDUCATIONAL change
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - EDUCATION
KW  - TEACHING
N1  - Accession Number: 2011525; Lederman, Leon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director emeritus of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Ill., and holds an appointment as Pritzker professor of science at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago. The Nobel Prize-winning physicist is a founder and resident scholar at the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy in Aurora, Ill., a public residential high school for the gifted. He is also a founder and the chairman of the Teachers Academy for Mathematics and Science in Chicago.; Source Info: 06/16/99, Vol. 18 Issue 40, p56; Subject Term: EDUCATIONAL change; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: EDUCATION; Subject Term: TEACHING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611710 Educational Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923110 Administration of Education Programs; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1957
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plummer, David W.
AU  - Dalton, Larry J.
AU  - Peter, Frank J.
T1  - THE RECODABLE LOCKING DEVICE.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 1999/07//
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 87
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article presents a brief information about the Recodable Locking Device (RLD). RLD is a mechanical switch constructed using polycrystalline silicon surface microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Polysilicon surface micromachining is a process for manufacturing MEMS, which is based on the manufacturing methods and tool sets used to fabricate integrated electronic circuits. The RLD produced using New Mexico-based Sandia National Laboratories' unique multilevel mechanical polysilicon surface micromachinig technology. The RLD performs two primary functions: code discrimination and energy switching. The RLD contains six decimal-encoded wheels creating a population of one million different codes. Since it is only stored in the mechanical device, discovery of the code is not possible through software operations. After the RLD verifies proper code entry, it mechanically actuates a switching element. Functionally, the RLD provides a one-part-per-million electromechanical combination lock with the shackle function provided by either an optical or electrical switch
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12513679; Plummer, David W. 1; Email Address: dwplumm@sandia.gov Dalton, Larry J. 2; Email Address: ljdalto@sandia.gov Peter, Frank J. 3; Email Address: fjpeter@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Manager of the Electromechanical Engineering Department at Sandia Naional Laboratories in Albuquerque, N.M..  2: Manager of Sandia National Laboratories'High Integrity Software Systems Engineering Department and High Integrity Systems Programs in Albuquerque, N. M..  3: Senior Member of the Technical Staff in the Electromechanical Engineering Department at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, N. M..; Source Info: Jul99, Vol. 42 Issue 7, p83; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Michael
AU  - Saricks, Christopher
AU  - Wu, May
T1  - Fuel Ethanol Produced from Midwest U.S. Corn: Help or Hindrance to the Vision of Kyoto?
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/07//
VL  - 49
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 756
EP  - 772
SN  - 10962247
AB  - In this study, we examined the role of corn-feedstock ethanol in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, given present and near-future technology and practice for corn farming and ethanol production. We analyzed the full-fuel-cycle GHG effects of corn-based ethanol using updated information on corn operations in the upper Midwest and existing ethanol production technologies. Information was obtained from representatives of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, faculty of midwestern universities with expertise in corn production and animal feed, and acknowledged authorities in the field of ethanol plant engineering, design, and operations. Cases examined included use of E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline by volume) and E10 (10% ethanol and 90% gasoline). Among key findings is that Midwest-produced ethanol outperforms conventional (current) and reformulated (future) gasoline with respect to energy use and GHG emissions (on a mass emission per travel mile basis). The superiority of the energy and GHG results is well outside the range of model "noise." An important facet of this work has been conducting sensitivity analyses. These analyses let us rank the factors in the corn-to-ethanol cycle that are most important for limiting GHG generation. These rankings could help ensure that efforts to reduce that generation are targeted more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Feedstock
KW  - Greenhouse gas mitigation
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12147623; Wang, Michael 1; Saricks, Christopher 1; Wu, May 1; Affiliations: 1: Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Jul99, Vol. 49 Issue 7, p756; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Thesaurus Term: Feedstock; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gas mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 20 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doskey, Paul V.
AU  - Fukui, Yoshiko
AU  - Sultan, Mohamed
AU  - Maghraby, Ashraf Al
AU  - Taher, Amany
T1  - Source Profiles for Nonmethane Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere of Cairo, Egypt.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/07//
VL  - 49
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 814
EP  - 822
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Profiles of the sources of nonmethane organic compounds (NMOCs) were developed for emissions from vehicles, petroleum fuels (gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], and natural gas), a petroleum refinery, a smelter, and a cast iron factory in Cairo, Egypt. More than 100 hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons were tentatively identified and quantified. Gasoline-vapor and whole-gasoline profiles could be distinguished from the other profiles by high concentrations of the C[sub5] and C[sub6] saturated hydrocarbons. The vehicle emission profile was similar to the whole-gasoline profile, with the exception of the unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, which were present at higher concentrations in the vehicle emission profile. High levels of the C[sub2]-C[sub4] saturated hydrocarbons, particularly n-butane, were characteristic features of the petroleum refinery emissions. The smelter and cast iron factory emissions were similar to the refinery emissions; however, the levels of benzene and toluene were greater in the former two sources. The LPG and natural gas emissions contained high concentrations of n-butane and ethane, respectively. The NMOC source profiles for Cairo were distinctly different from profiles for U.S. sources, indicating that NMOC source profiles are sensitive to the particular composition of petroleum fuels that are used in a location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Cairo (Egypt)
KW  - Egypt
N1  - Accession Number: 12147628; Doskey, Paul V. 1; Email Address: pvdoskey@anl.gov; Fukui, Yoshiko 1; Sultan, Mohamed 1; Maghraby, Ashraf Al 2; Taher, Amany 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2: Cairo University/Center for Environmental Hazard Mitigation, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Issue Info: Jul99, Vol. 49 Issue 7, p814; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Subject: Cairo (Egypt); Subject: Egypt; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hush, Don R.
T1  - Training a Sigmoidal Node Is Hard.
JO  - Neural Computation
JF  - Neural Computation
Y1  - 1999/07//07/01/99
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1249
EP  - 1260
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 08997667
AB  - This article proves that the task of computing near-optimal weights for sigmoidal nodes under the L[sub 1] regression norm is NP-Hard. For the special case where the sigmoid is piecewise linear, we prove a slightly stronger result: that computing the optimal weights is NP-Hard. These results parallel that for the one-node pattern recognition problem - that determining the optimal weights for a threshold logic node is also intractable. Our results have important consequences for constructive algorithms that build a regression model one node at a time. It suggests that although such methods are (in principle) capable of producing efficient size representations (Barron, 1993; Jones, 1992), finding such representations may be computationally intractable. These results holds only in the deterministic sense; that is, they do not exclude the possibility that such representations may be found efficiently with high probability. In fact it motivates the use of heuristic or randomized algorithms for this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Neural Computation is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY computation
N1  - Accession Number: 2114761; Hush, Don R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: 07/01/99, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1249; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY computation; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4466
L3  - 10.1162/089976699300016449
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scurlock, J. M. O.
AU  - Cramer, W.
AU  - Olson, R. J.
AU  - Parton, W. J.
AU  - Prince, S. D.
T1  - TERRESTRIAL NPP: TOWARD A CONSISTENT DATA SET FORGLOBAL MODEL EVALUATION.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
EP  - 919
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article discusses terrestrial biosphere models net primary production (NPP) that is a component of global carbon cycle to estimates biosphere-atmosphere exchange of carbon such as gross primary production (GPP) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE). It discusses the Global Primary Production Data Initiative (GPPDI) by International Geosphere-Biosphere Program's Data and Information System workshop was held at Cincinnati, Ohio in December 1996 on problems of NPP to produce database for biomes.
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - Biosphere
KW  - Biomes
KW  - carbon cycle, global
KW  - modeling the global carbon cycle
KW  - net primary productivity
KW  - NPP data use for model validation
KW  - NPP field data, need for consistency
KW  - International Geosphere-Biosphere Program "Global Changes"
N1  - Accession Number: 112065037; Scurlock, J. M. O. 1; Cramer, W. 2; Olson, R. J. 1; Parton, W. J. 3; Prince, S. D. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6407 USA; 2: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam 14412, Germany; 3: National Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 USA; 4: Department of Geography, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-8225 USA; Issue Info: Aug1999, Vol. 9 Issue 3, p913; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Biosphere; Thesaurus Term: Biomes; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon cycle, global; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling the global carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP data use for model validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP field data, need for consistency ; Company/Entity: International Geosphere-Biosphere Program "Global Changes"; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[0913:TNTACD]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jordan, DeaN. N.
AU  - Zitzer, Stephen F.
AU  - Hendrey, George R.
AU  - Lewin, Keith F.
AU  - Nagy, JohN.
AU  - Nowak, Robert S.
AU  - Smith, Stanley D.
AU  - Coleman, James S.
AU  - Seemann, Jeffrey R.
T1  - Biotic, abiotic and performance aspects of the Nevada Desert Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) Facility.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 659
EP  - 668
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryArid and semiarid climates comprise roughly 40% of the earth’s terrestrial surface. Deserts are predicted to be extremely responsive to global change because they are stressful environments where small absolute changes in water availability or use represent large proportional changes. Water and carbon dioxide fluxes are inherently coupled in plant growth. No documented global change has been more substantial or more rapid than the increase in atmospheric CO2. Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) technology permits manipulation of CO2 in intact communities without altering factors such as light intensity or quality, humidity or wind. The Nevada Desert FACE Facility (NDFF) consists of three 491 m2 plots in the Mojave Desert receiving 550 μL L–1 CO2, and six ambient plots to assess both CO2 and fan effects. The shrub community was characterized as a Larrea–Ambrosia–Lycium species complex. Data are reported through 12 months of operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - DESERTS
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - GLOBAL environmental change
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Ambrosia dumosa
KW  - CO
KW  - FACE
KW  - Larrea tridentata
KW  - Lycium sp
KW  - Mojave Desert
N1  - Accession Number: 5608043; Jordan, DeaN. N. 1 Zitzer, Stephen F. 2 Hendrey, George R. 3 Lewin, Keith F. 3 Nagy, JohN. 3 Nowak, Robert S. 4 Smith, Stanley D. 1 Coleman, James S. 5 Seemann, Jeffrey R. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154,  2: Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119,  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973,  4: University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557,  5: Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89506; Source Info: Aug99, Vol. 5 Issue 6, p659; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: DESERTS; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: GLOBAL environmental change; Subject Term: NEVADA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ambrosia dumosa; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Larrea tridentata; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lycium sp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mojave Desert; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00255.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=5608043&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keim, P.
AU  - Klevytska, A. M.
AU  - Price, L. B.
AU  - Schupp, J. M.
AU  - Zinser, G.
AU  - Smith, K. L.
AU  - Hugh-Jones, M. E.
AU  - Okinaka, R.
AU  - Hill, K. K.
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
T1  - Molecular diversity in Bacillus anthracis.
JO  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 87
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 217
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13645072
AB  - Molecular typing of Bacillus anthracis has been extremely difficult due to the lack of polymorphic DNA markers. We have identified nine novel variable number tandemly repeated loci from previously known amplified fragment length polymorphism markers or from the DNA sequence. In combination with the previously known vrrA locus, these markers provide discrimination power to genetically characterize B. anthracis isolates. The variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci are found in both gene coding (genic) and non-coding (non-genic) regions. The genic differences are ‘in frame’ and result in additions or deletion of amino acids to the predicted proteins. Due the rarity of molecular differences, the VNTR changes represent a significant portion of the genetic variation found within B. anthracis. This variation could represent an important adaptive mechanism. Marker similarity and differences among diverse isolates have identified seven major diversity groups that may represent the only world-wide B. anthracis clones. The lineages reconstructed using these data may reflect the dispersal and evolution of this pathogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIBODY diversity
KW  - BACILLUS anthracis
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 5588257; Keim, P. 1 Klevytska, A. M. 1 Price, L. B. 1 Schupp, J. M. 1 Zinser, G. 1 Smith, K. L. 2 Hugh-Jones, M. E. 2 Okinaka, R. 3 Hill, K. K. 3 Jackson, P. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ,  2: Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA and  3: Molecular Environmental Molecular Biology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Aug99, Vol. 87 Issue 2, p215; Subject Term: ANTIBODY diversity; Subject Term: BACILLUS anthracis; Subject Term: GENETICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00873.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Okinaka, R.
AU  - Cloud, K.
AU  - Hampton, O.
AU  - Hoffmaster, A.
AU  - Hill, K.
AU  - Keim, P.
AU  - Koehler, T.
AU  - Lamke, G.
AU  - Kumano, S.
AU  - Manter, D.
AU  - Martinez, Y.
AU  - Ricke, D.
AU  - Svensson, R.
AU  - Jackson, P.
T1  - Sequence, assembly and analysis of pX01 and pX02.
JO  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 87
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 262
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13645072
AB  - Bacillus anthracis plasmids pX01 and pX02, harboured by the Sterne and Pasteur strains, respectively, have been sequenced by random ‘shotgun’ cloning and high throughout sequence analysis. These sequences have been assembled (Sequencher) to generate a circulate pX01 plasmid containing 181 656 bp and a single linear (gapped) pX02 contig containing at least 93·479 bp. Initial annotation suggests that the two plasmids combined contain at least 200 potential open reading frames (ORFs) with < 40% having significant similarity to sequences registered in open databases. Collectively, only 118 566 bp of the pX01 DNA (65%) represent predicted coding regions. This value is similar to published gene densities for other plasmids and is indicative of the larger intergenic spaces in plasmids vs those found in the chromosomes of the parental microbes (85–93% gene density). A 70 kbp region including the toxin genes (cya, lef and pag) is distinct from the remainder of the pX01 sequence: (1) it has a lower gene density (58 vs 70%) than the remaining 111 kbp; (2) it contains all but one of the co-regulated transcriptional fusions identified by transposon mutagenesis (Hoffmaster & Koehler 1997) and (3) it contains a significantly higher proportion of positive BLAST scores (62 vs 20%) for putative ORFs. These data suggest different origins for the two regions of pX01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMIDS
KW  - BACILLUS anthracis
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 5588268; Okinaka, R. 1 Cloud, K. 1 Hampton, O. 1 Hoffmaster, A. 2 Hill, K. 1 Keim, P. 3 Koehler, T. 2 Lamke, G. 1 Kumano, S. 1 Manter, D. 1 Martinez, Y. 1 Ricke, D. 1 Svensson, R. 1 Jackson, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM,  2: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas, Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA  3: Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ and; Source Info: Aug99, Vol. 87 Issue 2, p261; Subject Term: PLASMIDS; Subject Term: BACILLUS anthracis; Subject Term: GENETICS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00883.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, P. J.
AU  - Hill, K. K.
AU  - Laker, M. T.
AU  - Ticknor, L. O.
AU  - Keim, P.
T1  - Genetic comparison of Bacillus anthracis and its close relatives using amplified fragment length polymorphism and polymerase chain reaction analysis.
JO  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 87
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 269
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13645072
AB  - Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis allows a rapid, relatively simple analysis of a large portion of a microbial genome, providing information about the species and its phylogenetic relationship to other microbes (Vos et al. 1995). The method simply surveys the genome for length and sequence polymorphisms. The AFLP pattern identified can be used for comparison to the genomes of other species. Unlike other methods, it does not rely on analysis of a single genetic locus that may bias the interpretation of results and does not require any prior knowledge of the targeted organism. Moreover, a standard set of reagents can be applied to any species without using species-specific information or molecular probes. We are using AFLP analysis to rapidly identify different bacterial species. A comparison of AFLP profiles generated from a large battery of Bacillus anthracis strains shows very little variability among different isolates (Keim et al. 1997). By contrast, there is a significant difference between AFLP profiles generated for any B. anthracis strain and even the most closely related Bacillus species. Sufficient variability is apparent among all known microbial species to allow phylogenetic analysis based on large numbers of genetically unlinked loci. These striking differences among AFLP profiles allow unambiguous identification of previously identified species and phylogenetic placement of newly characterized isolates relative to known species based on a large number of independent genetic loci. Data generated thus far show that the method provides phylogenetic analyses that are consistent with other widely accepted phylogenetic methods. However, AFLP analysis provides a more detailed analysis of the targets and samples a much larger portion of the genome. Consequently, it provides an inexpensive, rapid means of characterizing microbial isolates to further differentiate among strains and closely related microbial species. Such information cannot be rapidly generated by other means. AFLP sample analysis quickly generates a very large amount of molecular information about microbial genomes. However, this information cannot be analysed rapidly using manual methods. We are developing a large archive of electronic AFLP signatures that is being used to identify isolates collected from medical, veterinary, forensic and environmental samples. We are also developing the computational packages necessary to rapidly and unambiguously analyse the AFLP profiles and conduct a phylogenetic comparison of these data relative to information already in our database. We will use this archive and the associated algorithms to determine the species identity of previously uncharacterized isolates and place them phylogenetically relative to other microbes based on their AFLP signatures. This study provides significant new information about microbes with environmental, veterinary and medical significance. This information can be used in further studies to understand the relationships among these species and the factors that distinguish them from one another. It should also allow the identification of unique factors that contribute to important microbial traits, including pathogenicity and virulence. We are also using AFLP data to identify, isolate and sequence DNA fragments that are unique to particular microbial species and strains. The fragment patterns and sequence information provide insights into the complexity and organization of bacterial genomes relative to one another. They also provide the information necessary for the development of species-specific polymerase chain reaction primers that can be used to interrogate complex samples for the presence of B. anthracis, other microbial pathogens or their remnants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACILLUS anthracis
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 5588269; Jackson, P. J. 1 Hill, K. K. 1 Laker, M. T. 1 Ticknor, L. O. 1 Keim, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Biology Group and Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM and  2: Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA; Source Info: Aug99, Vol. 87 Issue 2, p263; Subject Term: BACILLUS anthracis; Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: GENETICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00884.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonet, Maria
AU  - Phillips, Cynthia
AU  - Warnow, Tandy
AU  - Yooseph, Shibu
T1  - CONSTRUCTING EVOLUTIONARY TREES IN THE PRESENCE OF POLYMORPHIC CHARACTERS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1999/08//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - Most phylogenetics literature and construction methods based upon characters presume monomorphism (one state per character per species), yet polymorphism (multiple states per character per species) is well documented in both biology and historical linguistics. In this paper we consider the problem of inferring evolutionary trees for polymorphic characters. We show efficient algorithms for the construction of perfect phylogenies from polymorphic data. These methods have been used to help construct the evolutionary tree proposed by Warnow, Ringe, and Taylor for the Indo-European family of languages and presented by invitation at the National Academy of Sciences in November 1995. Key words: algorithms; graphs; evolutionary trees [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - INDO-European languages
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
N1  - Accession Number: 10699338; Bonet, Maria 1; Email Address: bonet@goliat.upc.es Phillips, Cynthia 2; Email Address: caphill@cs.sandia.gov Warnow, Tandy 3; Email Address: tandy@central.cis.upenn.edu Yooseph, Shibu 3; Email Address: yooseph@gradient.cis.upenn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, Universidad Politecnica de Catalu&ntild;a, Barcelona, Spain  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM  3: Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p103; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: INDO-European languages; Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nasstrom, John S.
AU  - Ermak, Donald L.
T1  - A Homogeneous Langevin Equation Model, Part i: Simulation of Particle Trajectories in Turbulence with a Skewed Velocity Distribution.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 92
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 369
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - A Lagrangian stochastic model for the time evolution of the velocity of a fluid particle is presented. This model is based on a one-dimensional generalized Langevin equation, and assumes the velocity probability distribution of the turbulent fluid is skewed and spatially homogeneous. This has been shown to be an effective approach to simulating vertical dispersion in the convective boundary layer. We use a form of the Langevin equation that has a linear (in velocity) deterministic acceleration and a random acceleration that is a non-Gaussian, skewed process. For the case of homogeneous fluid velocity statistics, this ’linear-skewed‘ Langevin equation can be integrated explicitly, resulting in an efficient numerical simulation method. Model simulations were tested using cases for which exact, analytic statistical properties of particle velocity are known. Results of these tests show that, for homogeneous turbulence, a linear-skewed Langevin equation model can overcome the difficulties encountered in applying a Langevin equation with a skewed random acceleration. The linear-skewed Langevin equation model results are compared to results of a ’nonlinear-Gaussian‘ Langevin equation model, and show that the linear-skewed model is significantly more efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Langevin equations
KW  - Boundary layer (Aerodynamics)
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology)
KW  - Systems engineering
KW  - Convective boundary layer
KW  - Lagrangian stochastic model
KW  - Langevin equation
N1  - Accession Number: 15606339; Nasstrom, John S. 1; Email Address: jnasstrom@llnl.gov; Ermak, Donald L. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail stop L-103, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Sep1999, Vol. 92 Issue 3, p343; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Langevin equations; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Aerodynamics); Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Subject Term: Systems engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convective boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lagrangian stochastic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Langevin equation; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nasstrom, John S.
AU  - Ermak, Donald L.
T1  - A Homogeneous Langevin Equation Model, Part ii: Simulation of Dispersion in the Convective Boundary Layer.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 92
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 405
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - We present a Lagrangian stochastic model of vertical dispersion in the convective boundary layer (CBL). This model is based on a generalized Langevin equation that uses the simplifying assumption that the skewed vertical velocity probability distribution is spatially homogeneous. This approach has been shown to account for two key properties of CBL turbulence associated with large-scale coherent turbulent structures: skewed vertical velocity distributions and long velocity correlation time. A ’linear-skewed‘ form of the generalized Langevin equation is used, which has a linear (in velocity) deterministic acceleration and a skewed random acceleration. ’Reflection‘ boundary conditions for selecting a new velocity for a particle that encounters a boundary were investigated, including alternatives to the standard assumption that the magnitudes of the particle incident and reflected velocities are positively correlated. Model simulations were tested using cases for which exact, analytic statistical properties of particle velocity and position are known, i.e., well-mixed spatial and velocity distributions. Simulations of laboratory experiments of CBL dispersion show that (1) the homogeneous linear-skewed Langevin equation model (as well as an alternative ’nonlinear-Gaussian‘ Langevin equation model) can simulate the important aspects of dispersion in the CBL, and (2) a negatively-correlated-speed reflection boundary condition simulates the observed dispersion of material near the surface in the CBL significantly better than alternative reflection boundary conditions. The homogeneous linear-skewed Langevin equation model has the advantage that it is computationally more efficient than the homogeneous nonlinear-Gaussian Langevin equation model, and considerably more efficient than inhomogeneous Langevin equation models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Langevin equations
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Probability theory
KW  - Boundary layer (Aerodynamics)
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Convective boundary layer
KW  - Lagrangian stochastic dispersion model
KW  - Langevin equation
KW  - Reflection boundary conditions
N1  - Accession Number: 15606338; Nasstrom, John S. 1; Email Address: jnasstrom@llnl.gov; Ermak, Donald L. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Mail stop L-103, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Sep1999, Vol. 92 Issue 3, p371; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject Term: Langevin equations; Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Subject Term: Probability theory; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Aerodynamics); Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convective boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lagrangian stochastic dispersion model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Langevin equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflection boundary conditions; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Kraig, D.H.
AU  - Mullen, M.A.
AU  - Naranjo, L.
T1  - Radionuclides and trace elements in fish collected upstream and downstream of Los Alamos national laboratory and the doses to humans from the consumption of muscle and bone.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 885
EP  - 899
SN  - 03601234
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine radionuclide and trace element concentrations in bottom‐feeding fish (catfish, carp, and suckers) collected from the confluences of some of the major canyons that cross Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) lands with the Rio Grande (RG) and the potential radiological doses from the ingestion of these fish. Samples of muscle and bone (and viscera in some cases) were analyzed for 3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, totU, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, and 241Am and Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cr, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Tl. Most radionuclides, with the exception of 90Sr, in the muscle plus bone portions of fish collected from LANL canyons/RG were not significantly (p<0.05) higher from fish collected upstream (San Ildefonso/background) of LANL. Strontium‐90 in fish muscle plus bone tissue significantly (p<0.05) increases in concentration starting from Los Alamos Canyon, the most upstream confluence (fish contained 3.4E‐02 pCi g‐1 [126E‐02 Bq kg‐1]), to Frijoles Canyon, the most downstream confluence (fish contained 14E‐02 pCi g‐1 [518E‐02 Bq kg‐1]). The differences in 90Sr concentrations in fish collected downstream and upstream (background) of LANL, however, were very small. Based on the average concentrations (±2SD) of radionuclides in fish tissue from the four LANL confluences, the committed effective dose equivalent from the ingestion of 46 lb (21 kg) (maximum ingestion rate per person per year) of fish muscle plus bone, after the subtraction of background, was 0.1 ± 0.1 mrem y‐1 (1.0 ± 1.0 μSv y‐1), and was far below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (all pathway) permissible dose limit of 100 mrem y‐1 (1000 μSv y‐1). Of the trace elements that were found above the limits of detection (Ba, Cu, and Hg) in fish muscle collected from the confluences of canyons that cross LANL and the RG, none were in significantly higher (p<0.05) concentrations than in muscle of fish collected from background locations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75453100; Fresquez, P.R. 1; Kraig, D.H. 1; Mullen, M.A. 1; Naranjo, L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental, Safety and Health Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, M887, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; Issue Info: Sep1999, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p885; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/03601239909373233
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Biggs, J.R.
AU  - Bennett, K.D.
AU  - Kraig, D.H.
AU  - Mullen, M.A.
AU  - Ferenbaugh, J.K.
T1  - Radionuclides in deer and elk from Los Alamos national laboratory and the doses to humans from the ingestion of muscle and bone.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
EP  - 915
SN  - 03601234
AB  - This paper summarizes radionuclide concentrations (3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, 241Am, and totU) in muscle and bone tissue of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) collected from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, lands from 1991 through 1998. Also, the committed effective dose equivalent (CEDE) and the risk of excess cancer fatalities (RECF) to people who ingest muscle and bone from deer and elk collected from LANL lands were estimated. Most radionuclide concentrations in muscle and bone from individual deer (n = 11) and elk (n = 22) collected from LANL lands were either at less than detectable quantities (where the analytical result was smaller than two counting uncertainties) and/or within upper (95%) level background (BG) concentrations. As a group, most radionuclides in muscle and bone of deer and elk from LANL lands were not significantly higher (p<0.10) than in similar tissues from deer (n = 3) and elk (n = 7) collected from BG locations. Also, elk that had been radio collared and tracked for two years and spent an average time of 50% on LANL lands were not significantly different in most radionuclides from road kill elk that have been collected as part of the environmental surveillance program. Overall, the upper (95%) level net CEDEs (the CEDE plus two sigma for each radioisotope minus background) at the most conservative ingestion rate (50 lbs of muscle and 13 lbs of bone) were as follows: deer muscle = 0.22 mrem y‐1 (2.2 μSv y‐1), deer bone = 3.8 mrem y‐1 (38 μSv y‐1), elk muscle = 0.12 mrem y‐1 (1.2 μSv y‐1), and elk bone = 1.7 mrem y‐1 (17 μSv y‐1). All CEDEs were far below the International Commission on Radiological Protection guideline of 100 mrem y‐1 (1000 μSv y‐1), and the highest muscle plus bone net CEDE corresponded to a RECF of 2E‐06, which is far below the Environmental Protection Agency upper level guideline of 1E‐04. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75453101; Fresquez, P.R. 1; Biggs, J.R. 1; Bennett, K.D. 1; Kraig, D.H. 1; Mullen, M.A. 1; Ferenbaugh, J.K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environment, Safety and Health Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, M887, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; Issue Info: Sep1999, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p901; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/03601239909373234
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huckaby, James L.
AU  - Evans, John C.
AU  - Sklarew, Deborah S.
AU  - Jensen, Louis
AU  - Wilmarth, Steven R.
T1  - Representative Sampling of High-Level Radioactive Waste Tank Headspaces.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1075
EP  - 1081
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Headspaces of the underground high-level radioactive waste-storage tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site have been sampled to resolve tank safety and industrial hygiene issues and to estimate regulated air pollutant emissions. Because sampling these tanks is difficult and expensive, samples have been collected from a single location of the headspaces, based on the supposition that this would provide representative samples. In most tanks, mixing of vapors occurs because of thermally driven convection from heat generated by radioactive decay of the waste. However, in some low-temperature tanks, the ground temperature above the tank may be warmer than the waste, minimizing thermally induced convection, and raising the concern that samples from a single location may not be representative. To resolve this issue, six samples at different vertical and horizontal locations were taken from each of three low-temperature tanks and analyzed for ammonia, water, permanent gases, total non-methane organic compound concentration, and selected organic vapors. Statistical analysis of the data indicated that the tanks did not exhibit significant horizontal or vertical concentration gradients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Heat
KW  - Temperature
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12219256; Huckaby, James L. 1; Evans, John C. 1; Sklarew, Deborah S. 1; Jensen, Louis 2; Wilmarth, Steven R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; 2: Lockheed Martin Hanford Corporation, Richland, Washington; Issue Info: Sep99, Vol. 49 Issue 9, p1075; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Heat; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Littlejohn, David
AU  - Lucas, Donald
T1  - Vapor Pressure Measurement System for Heavy Crude Oils.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1103
EP  - 1109
SN  - 10962247
AB  - We describe a new, simple apparatus that permits accurate measurement of reactive organic carbon vapor pressure from heavy crude oils when used with a gas chromatograph. The apparatus is analogous to the Reid vapor pressure apparatus that is used for vapor pressure measurement of light hydrocarbons. This system overcomes many of the shortcomings experienced when the Reid method is applied to heavy crudes. We explain the operation of the system and present results from measurement of heavy crudes from Southern California. Measurements on oil samples collected from storage tanks agreed well with analysis of headspace gases in the tanks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Storage tanks
KW  - Vapor pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 12219260; Littlejohn, David 1; Lucas, Donald 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, University of California, Berkeley, California; Issue Info: Sep99, Vol. 49 Issue 9, p1103; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Storage tanks; Subject Term: Vapor pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, A. G.
AU  - Ball, J. T.
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - Field, C. B.
AU  - Curtis, P. S.
AU  - Griffin, K. L.
AU  - Gunderson, C. A.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Tissue, D. T.
AU  - Forstreuter, M.
AU  - Rey, A.
AU  - Vogel, C. S.
AU  - Participants, Cmeal
AU  - Peterson, Andrew G.
T1  - Quantifying the response of photosynthesis to changes in leaf nitrogen content and leaf mass per area in plants grown under atmospheric CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 22
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1109
EP  - 1119
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - ABSTRACTPrevious modelling exercises and conceptual arguments have predicted that a reduction in biochemical capacity for photosynthesis (Aarea) at elevated CO2 may be compensated by an increase in mesophyll tissue growth if the total amount of photosynthetic machinery per unit leaf area is maintained (i.e. morphological upregulation). The model prediction was based on modelling photosynthesis as a function of leaf N per unit leaf area (Narea), where Narea = Nmass × LMA. Here, Nmass is percentage leaf N and is used to estimate biochemical capacity and LMA is leaf mass per unit leaf area and is an index of leaf morphology. To assess the relative importance of changes in biochemical capacity versus leaf morphology we need to control for multiple correlations that are known, or that are likely to exist between CO2 concentration, Narea, Nmass, LMA and Aarea. Although this is impractical experimentally, we can control for these correlations statistically using systems of linear multiple-regression equations. We developed a linear model to partition the response of Aarea to elevated CO2 into components representing the independent and interactive effects of changes in indexes of biochemical capacity, leaf morphology and CO2 limitation of photosynthesis. The model was fitted to data from three pine and seven deciduous tree species grown in separate chamber-based field experiments. Photosynthetic enhancement at elevated CO2 due to morphological upregulation was negligible for most species. The response of Aarea in these species was dominated by the reduction in CO2 limitation occurring at higher CO2 concentration. However, some species displayed a significant reduction in potential photosynthesis at elevated CO2 due to an increase in LMA that was independent of any... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - leaf nitrogen
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - structural equation model
N1  - Accession Number: 5183743; Peterson, A. G. 1,2 Ball, J. T. 1 Luo, Y. 1 Field, C. B. 3 Curtis, P. S. 4 Griffin, K. L. 2 Gunderson, C. A. 5 Norby, R. J. 5 Tissue, D. T. 6 Forstreuter, M. 7 Rey, A. 8 Vogel, C. S. 9 Participants, Cmeal 10 Peterson, Andrew G.; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Center, Desert Research Institute, PO Box 60220, Reno, NV, 89506, USA,  2: Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Route 9 W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA,  3: Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Plant Biology, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,  4: Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University 1735 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA,  5: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA,  6: Department of Biology, Flint and Main Street, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA,  7: Technical University Berlin, Institute of Ecology, Koenigin-Luise-Str.22, D-14195 Berlin, Germany,  8: IERM, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh University, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JU, UK,  9: University of Michigan Biological Station, 9008 Biological Rd, Pellston MI, 49769, USA and  10: CMEAL (for details see APPENDIX) Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Route 9 W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA. Fax: USA + (914) 365–8150; e-mail: peterson@LDEO.Columbia.edu; Source Info: Sep1999, Vol. 22 Issue 9, p1109; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: structural equation model; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00489.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knoll, D. A.
AU  - Rider, W. J.
T1  - A MULTIGRID PRECONDITIONED NEWTON-KRYLOV METHOD.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 691
EP  - 710
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We study multigrid preconditioning of matrix-free Newton-Krylov methods as a means of developing more efficient nonlinear iterative methods for large scale simulation. Newton­ Krylov methods have proven dependable in solving nonlinear systems while not requiring the explicit formation or storage of the complete Jacobian. However, the standard algorithmic scaling of Krylov methods is nonoptimal, with increasing linear system dimension. This motivates our use of multigrid- based preconditioning. It is demonstrated that a simple multigrid-based preconditioner can effectively limit the growth of Krylov iterations as the dimension of the linear system is increased. Different performance aspects of the proposed algorithm are investigated on three nonlinear, nonsymmetric, boundary value problems. Our goal is to develop a hybrid methodology which has Newton-­Krylov nonlinear convergence properties and multigrid-like linear convergence scaling for large scale simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - NONLINEAR boundary value problems
KW  - NONLINEAR differential equations
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - NONLINEAR systems
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - multigrid methods
KW  - newton­krylov methods
KW  - nonlinear boundary value problems
N1  - Accession Number: 13201781; Knoll, D. A.; Email Address: nol@lanl.gov Rider, W. J. 1; Email Address: wjr@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Hydrodynamic Methods Group, Applied Theoretical and Computational Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p691; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: NONLINEAR boundary value problems; Subject Term: NONLINEAR differential equations; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: NONLINEAR systems; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: multigrid methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: newton­krylov methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear boundary value problems; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hongyuan Zha
AU  - Simon, Horst D.
T1  - TIMELY COMMUNICATION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 782
EP  - 791
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We develop new SVD-updating algorithms for three types of updating problems arising from latent semantic indexing (LSI) for information retrieval to deal with rapidly changing text document collections. We also provide theoretical justification for using a reduced-dimension representation of the original document collection in the updating process. Numerical experiments using several standard text document collections show that the new algorithms give higher (interpolated) average precisions than the existing algorithms, and the retrieval accuracy is comparable to that obtained using the complete document collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION retrieval
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - AUTOMATIC indexing
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - POLYSEMY
KW  - SYNONYMS
KW  - SEMANTICS
KW  - information retrieval
KW  - latent semantic indexing
KW  - singular value decomposition
KW  - updating problems
N1  - Accession Number: 13201889; Hongyuan Zha 1; Email Address: zha@cse.psu.edu Simon, Horst D. 2; Email Address: simon@nersc.gov; Affiliation:  1: 307 Pond Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA  2: NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p782; Subject Term: INFORMATION retrieval; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC indexing; Subject Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: POLYSEMY; Subject Term: SYNONYMS; Subject Term: SEMANTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: information retrieval; Author-Supplied Keyword: latent semantic indexing; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular value decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: updating problems; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodge, Evangeline M.
T1  - Flow Injection Analyses.
JO  - Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectroscopy
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 14
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 29
PB  - Advanstar Communications Inc.
SN  - 08876703
AB  - Describes several applications of flow injection analysis (FIA) for wastewater analysis and other analytical capabilities provided by the Inorganic Analysis Team at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.  Schematic for an FIA instrument; Efforts of the team to support the Radioactive Liquid Waste Treatment Facility; Method used to perform experiments to evaluate the feasibility of reducing nitrate to a species.
KW  - FLOW injection analysis
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - SEWAGE disposal plants
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 6832694; Hodge, Evangeline M. 1,2; Email Address: emhodge@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Inorganic Trace Analysis, CST-9, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Inorganic Trace Analysis department at Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep1999, Vol. 14 Issue 9, p25; Subject Term: FLOW injection analysis; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: SEWAGE disposal plants; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2280
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Medinsky, M. A.
AU  - Wolf, D. C.
AU  - Cattley, R. C.
AU  - Wong, B.
AU  - Janszen, D. B.
AU  - Farris, G. M.
AU  - Wright, G. A.
AU  - Bond, J. A.
T1  - Effects of a thirteen-week inhalation exposure to ethyl tertiary butyl ether on Fischer-344 rats and CD-1 mice.
JO  - Toxicological Sciences
JF  - Toxicological Sciences
Y1  - 1999/09//
VL  - 51
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
EP  - 118
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10966080
AB  - The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments require that oxygenates be added to automotive fuels to reduce emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. One potential oxygenate is the aliphatic ether ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE). Our objective was to provide data on the potential toxic effects of ETBE. Male and female Fisher 344 rats and CD-1 mice were exposed to 0 (control), 500, 1750, or 5000 ppm of ETBE for 6 h/day and 5 days/wk over a 13-week period. ETBE exposure had no effect on mortality and body weight with the exception of an increase in body weights of the female rats in the 5000-ppm group. No major changes in clinical pathology parameters were noted for either rats or mice exposed to ETBE for 6 (rats only) or 13 weeks. Liver weights increased with increasing ETBE-exposure concentration for both sexes of rats and mice. Increases in kidney, adrenal, and heart (females only) weights were noted in rats. Degenerative changes in testicular seminiferous tubules were observed in male rats exposed to 1750 and 5000 ppm but were not seen in mice. This testicular lesion has not been reported previously for aliphatic ethers. Increases in the incidence of regenerative foci, rates of renal cell proliferation, and α2u-globulin containing protein droplets were noted in the kidneys of all treated male rats. These lesions are associated with the male rat-specific syndrome of α2u-globulin nephropathy. Increases in the incidence of centrilobular hepatocyte hypertrophy and rates of hepatocyte cell proliferation were seen in the livers of male and female mice in the 5000-ppm group, consistent with a mitogenic response to ETBE. These two target organs for ETBE toxicity, mouse liver and male rat kidney, have also been reported for methyl tertiary butyl ether and unleaded gasoline. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicological Sciences is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Butyl methyl ether
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Globulins
KW  - Kidney diseases
KW  - α2u-globulin nephropathy.
KW  - α2u-globulin nephropathy
KW  - ethyl tertiary butyl ether
KW  - hepatic cell proliferation
KW  - hepatic toxicity
KW  - mice
KW  - rats
KW  - renal cell proliferation
KW  - renal toxicity
KW  - subchronic toxicity
KW  - testicular toxicity
N1  - Accession Number: 44405812; Medinsky, M. A. 1; Wolf, D. C. 1,2; Cattley, R. C. 1; Wong, B. 1; Email Address: wong@ciit.org; Janszen, D. B. 1; Farris, G. M. 1,3; Wright, G. A. 4; Bond, J. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, 6 Davis Drive, P.O. Box 12137, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2137; 2: U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, MD-68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711; 3: Life Sciences Division, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; 4: ARCO Chemical Company, 3801 West Chester Pike, Newtown Square, Pennsylvania 19073; Issue Info: Sep1999, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p108; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Thesaurus Term: Butyl methyl ether; Thesaurus Term: Gasoline; Thesaurus Term: Globulins; Subject Term: Kidney diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: α2u-globulin nephropathy.; Author-Supplied Keyword: α2u-globulin nephropathy; Author-Supplied Keyword: ethyl tertiary butyl ether; Author-Supplied Keyword: hepatic cell proliferation; Author-Supplied Keyword: hepatic toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: rats; Author-Supplied Keyword: renal cell proliferation; Author-Supplied Keyword: renal toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: subchronic toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: testicular toxicity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MAJIDI, VAHID
AU  - SAITO, KOZO
AU  - GORDON, ALVIN S.
AU  - WILLIAMS, FORMAN A.
T1  - Laser-Desorption Time-of-Flight Mass-Spectrometry Analysis of Soot from Various Hydrocarbon Fuels.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 1999/09/02/
VL  - 145
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 56
SN  - 00102202
AB  - Laser-desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDMS) was used to analyze soot collected from seven different hydrocarbon fuels (methane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-decane, benzene and toluene) burning with air under normal atmospheric pressure. To evaluate the technique, samples of two different types of furnace blacks, two types of graphite, a synthetic diamond and a C70 fullerene also were analyzed. With proper experimental design, the C70 produced a single peak of mass 840 Da, thereby showing the ability of LDMS to remove and singly ionize large intact molecular species from the sample for the purpose of chemical analysis. The LDMS soot analysis showed that each mature soot has a unique chemical fingerprint. A family of fuels (e.g., normal alkanes) produces soot that is similar in appearance when mature and that therefore might be expected to yield similar mass spectra, but it is found instead that each spectrum has unique features that are different for each parent fuel. These initially surprising results point to the need for further study of fuel pyrolysis in flames. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - diffusion flames
KW  - graphite
KW  - hydrocarbon
KW  - laser-desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - soot formation
N1  - Accession Number: 75866156; MAJIDI, VAHID 1; SAITO, KOZO 2; GORDON, ALVIN S. 3; WILLIAMS, FORMAN A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Science and Technology Division (CST-9), Los Alamos National Laboratory MS K484, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545; 2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, 40506; 3: Department of AMES, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, California, 92093; Issue Info: Sep1999, Vol. 145 Issue 1-6, p37; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion flames; Author-Supplied Keyword: graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser-desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: soot formation; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102209908924202
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Mulawa, Patricia
AU  - Hunsanger, Eric C.
AU  - Nelson, Ken
AU  - Ragazzi, Ronald A.
AU  - Barrett, Richard
AU  - Gallagher, Gerald L.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
AU  - Knapp, Kenneth T.
AU  - Snow, Richard
T1  - Light-Duty Motor Vehicle Exhaust Particulate Matter Measurement in the Denver, Colorado, Area.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/09/02/Sep99 Special Issue
VL  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
EP  - 174
SN  - 10962247
AB  - A study of particulate matter (PM) emissions from in-use, light-duty vehicles was conducted during the summer of 1996 and the winter of 1997 in the Denver, CO, region. Vehicles were tested as received on chassis dynamometers on the Federal Test Procedure Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) and the IM240 driving schedule. Both PM[sub10] and regulated emissions were measured for each phase of the UDDS. For the summer portion of the study, 92 gasoline vehicles, 10 diesel vehicles, and 9 gasoline vehicles with  visible smoke emissions were tested once. For the winter, 56 gasoline vehicles, 12 diesel vehicles, and 15 gasoline vehicles with visible smoke were tested twice, once indoors at 60 Fahrenheit and once outdoors at the prevailing temperature. Vehicle model year ranged from 1966 to 1996. Impactor particle size distributions were obtained on a subset of vehicles. Continuous estimates of the particle number emissions were obtained with an electrical aerosol analyzer. This data set is being provided to the Northern Front Range Air Quality Study program and to the State of Colorado and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for use in updating emissions inventories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Vehicles
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Automobile driving
N1  - Accession Number: 12210279; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Mulawa, Patricia 2; Hunsanger, Eric C. 3; Nelson, Ken 4; Ragazzi, Ronald A. 5; Barrett, Richard 5; Gallagher, Gerald L. 6; Lawson, Douglas R. 7; Knapp, Kenneth T. 8; Snow, Richard 9; Affiliations: 1: Principal research scientist, General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 2: Staff scientist, General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 3: Engineer, Roush Industries, Light Duty Emissions Laboratory, Livonia, Michigan; 4: Physical scientist/researcher, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Air Pollution Control Division, Aurora, Colorado; 5: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Air Pollution Control Division, Aurora, Colorado; 6: Manager, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Air Pollution Control Division, Aurora, Colorado; 7: Principal scientist, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; 8: Research chemist, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 9: Research scientist, Clean Air Vehicle Technology Center, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Issue Info: Sep99 Special Issue, Vol. 49, p164; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Vehicles; Thesaurus Term: Gasoline; Thesaurus Term: Smoke; Subject Term: Automobile driving; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 8 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkow, N. D.
AU  - Fowler, J. S.
AU  - Ding, Y.-S.
AU  - Wang, G.-J.
AU  - Gatley, S. J.
T1  - Imaging the neurochemistry of nicotine actions: Studies with positron emission tomography.
JO  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
JF  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
Y1  - 1999/09/02/Sep1999 Supplement
VL  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - S127
EP  - S132
SN  - 14622203
AB  - Although the effects of nicotine in the brains of laboratory animals have been investigated extensively, very little is known about its effects in the human brain. With positron emission tomography (PET), a non-invasive imaging technology that allows measurement of the concentration of positron-labeled compounds that are of physiological and pharmacological relevance, it has become possible to investigate the effects of nicotine in the human brain. These imaging studies have shown that nicotine has very fast pharmacokinetics in the human brain, that it changes cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain metabolism, and that at least some of these effects show acute tolerance. PET studies have also shown that, in addition to nicotine, cigarettes possess other pharmacological actions that may contribute to their reinforcing effects, that cigarettes inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B in the brain, and that this inhibition recovers with cigarette discontinuation. Although the nicotine receptors have not yet been imaged in the living human brain, PET studies in the primate brain have shown very high concentration of receptors in the thalamus and a high rate of blockade by doses of nicotine that approximate plasma levels achieved by humans when smoking cigarettes. However, further studies are required to determine the levels of nicotine receptor occupancies achieved when smoking a cigarette and those required for the nicotine patch to be therapeutically effective, to measure the half-life for MAO inhibition by cigarettes and the mechanisms underlying this inhibition, and to evaluate the effects of smoking on nicotine receptors and on other neurotransmitter systems in the human brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nicotine & Tobacco Research is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICOTINE
KW  - SMOKING
KW  - TOBACCO -- Research
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - NEUROSCIENCES
KW  - DIAGNOSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 18755431; Volkow, N. D. 1,2,3; Email Address: volkow@bnl.gov Fowler, J. S. 1 Ding, Y.-S. 1 Wang, G.-J. 2 Gatley, S. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973  3: Department of Psychiatry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973; Source Info: Sep1999 Supplement, Vol. 1, pS127; Subject Term: NICOTINE; Subject Term: SMOKING; Subject Term: TOBACCO -- Research; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: NEUROSCIENCES; Subject Term: DIAGNOSIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424940 Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111910 Tobacco Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453991 Tobacco Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edgerton, S. A.
AU  - Bian, X.
AU  - Doran, J. C.
AU  - Fast, J. D.
AU  - Hubbe, J. M.
AU  - Malone, E. L.
AU  - Shaw, W. J.
AU  - Whiteman, C. D.
AU  - Zhong, S.
AU  - Arriaga, J. L.
AU  - Ortiz, E.
AU  - Ruiz, M.
AU  - Sosa, G.
AU  - Vega, E.
AU  - Limón, T.
AU  - Guzman, F.
AU  - Archuleta, J.
AU  - Bossert, J. E.
AU  - Elliot, S. M.
AU  - Lee, J. T.
T1  - Particulate Air Pollution in Mexico City: A Collaborative Research Project.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 49
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1221
EP  - 1229
SN  - 10962247
AB  - PM[sub10], PM[sub2.5], precursor gas, and upper-air meteorological measurements were taken in Mexico City, Mexico, from February 23 to March 22, 1997, to understand concentrations and chemical compositions of the city's particulate matter (PM). Average 24-hr PM[sub10] concentrations over the period of study at the core sites in the city were 75 µg/m³. The 24-hr standard of 150 µg/m³ was exceeded  for seven samples taken during the study period; the maximum 24-hr concentration measured was 542 µg/m³. Nearly half of the PM[sub10] was composed of fugitive dust from roadways, construction, and bare land. About 50% of the PM[sub10] consisted of PM[sub2.5], with higher percentages during the morning hours. Organic and black carbon constituted up to half of the PM[sub2.5]. PM concentrations were highest during the early morning and after sunset, when the mixed layers were shallow. Meteorological measurements taken during the field campaign show that on most days air was transported out of the Mexico City basin during the afternoon with little day-to-day carryover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Particles
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Mexico
N1  - Accession Number: 12147699; Edgerton, S. A. 1; Bian, X. 1; Doran, J. C. 1; Fast, J. D. 1; Hubbe, J. M. 1; Malone, E. L. 1; Shaw, W. J. 1; Whiteman, C. D. 1; Zhong, S. 1; Arriaga, J. L. 2; Ortiz, E. 2; Ruiz, M. 2; Sosa, G. 2; Vega, E. 2; Limón, T. 2; Guzman, F. 2; Archuleta, J. 3; Bossert, J. E. 3; Elliot, S. M. 3; Lee, J. T. 3; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; 2: Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Issue Info: Oct99, Vol. 49 Issue 10, p1221; Thesaurus Term: Environmental monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Particles; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject: Mexico; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breshears, David D.
AU  - Barnes, Fairley J.
T1  - Interrelationships between plant functional types and soil moisture heterogeneity for semiarid landscapes within the grassland/forest continuum: a unified conceptual model.
JO  - Landscape Ecology
JF  - Landscape Ecology
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
EP  - 478
SN  - 09212973
AB  - Studies the interrelationships between plant functional types and soil moisture heterogeneity for semiarid landscapes within the grassland/forest continuum. Spatial distribution of soil moisture; Vegetation and compaction of intercanopy soils; Dimensions of soil moisture heterogeneity.
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Arid regions
KW  - Environmentalism
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Sanitary landfills
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Soil moisture
N1  - Accession Number: 14001172; Breshears, David D. 1; Barnes, Fairley J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Science Group, Mail Stop J495, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Issue Info: Oct1999, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p465; Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Arid regions; Thesaurus Term: Environmentalism; Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Sanitary landfills; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J. C.
AU  - Anderson, D. R.
T1  - Performance Assessment for Radioactive Waste Disposal.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
EP  - 761
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This article provides information on performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal. Performance assessment (PA) for radioactive waste involves many scientific disciplines. Yet, at its core, PA attempts to answer three questions about potential disposal sites: (1) What could occur at the site in the future?, (2) How likely are different occurrences at the site?, and (3) What are the consequences of different occurrences at the site? Thus, PA for radioactive waste disposal can appropriately be viewed as part of the field of risk assessment. The intent of the issue is to give readers a broad perspective on major issues related to PA for radioactive waste disposal and guidance to sources of additional information. To meet this intent, the contributors to the issue were asked to write for a broad audience and to be generous in providing references to help the reader find his or her way into the literature. Performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal is almost always carried out in the context of some regulatory environment. This environment invariably has great influence on any associated PA.
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Environmental regulations
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Nuclear facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 15113091; Helton, J. C. 1; Anderson, D. R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-1804; 2: Environmental Decisions and WIPP Performance Assessment Department Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185-0779; Issue Info: Oct99, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p759; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Environmental regulations; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rechard, Rob P.
T1  - Historical Relationship Between Performance Assessment for Radioactive Waste Disposal and Other Types of Risk Assessment.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
EP  - 807
SN  - 02724332
AB  - This article describes the evolution of the process for assessing the hazards of a geologic disposal system for radioactive waste and, similarly, nuclear power reactors, and the relationship of this processwith other assessments of risk, particularly assessments of hazards from manufactured carcinogenic chemicals during use and disposal. This perspective reviews the common history of scientific concepts for risk assessment developed until the 1950s. Computational tools and techniques developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s to analyze the reliability of nuclear weapon delivery systems were adopted in the early 1970s for probabilistic risk assessment of nuclear power reactors, a technology for which behavior was unknown. In turn, these analyses became an important foundation for performance assessment of nuclear waste disposal in the late 1970s. The evaluation of risk to human health and the environment from chemical hazards is built on methods forassessing the dose response of radionuclides in the 1950s. Despite ashared background, however, societal events, often in the form of legislation, have affected the development path for risk assessment forhuman health, producing dissimilarities between these risk assessments and those for nuclear facilities. An important difference is the regulator's interest in accounting for uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Technology
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - history of technology.
KW  - Nuclear waste disposal
KW  - performance assessment
KW  - policy analysis
KW  - probabilistic risk assessment
KW  - Technology history
N1  - Accession Number: 8115047; Rechard, Rob P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Performance Assessment Department (6849), Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87 185-0779.; Issue Info: Oct99, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p763; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: history of technology.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: performance assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: policy analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: probabilistic risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technology history; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 45p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattt, Sandeep
AU  - Greenberg, David
AU  - Tom Leighton
AU  - Pangfeng Liu
T1  - TIGHT BOUNDS FOR ON-LINE TREE EMBEDDINGS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 1999/10//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 474
EP  - 491
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - Tree-structured computations are relatively easy to process in parallel. As leaf processes are recursively spawned they can be assigned to independent processors in a multicomputer network. However, to achieve good performance the on-line mapping algorithm must maintain load balance, i.e., distribute processes equitably among processors. Additionally, the algorithm itself must be distributed in nature, and process allocation must be completed via message-passing with minimal communication overhead. This paper investigates bounds on the performance of deterministic and randomized algorithms for on-line tree embeddings. In particular, we study trade-offs between computation overhead (load imbalance) and communication overhead (message congestion). We give a simple technique to derive lower bounds on the congestion that any on-line allocation algorithm must incur in order to guarantee load balance. This technique works for both randomized and deterministic algorithms. We prove that the advantage of randomization is limited. Optimal bounds are achieved for several networks, including multidimensional grids and butterflies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - COMMUNICATION -- Methodology
KW  - COMMUNICATION -- Research
KW  - graph embedding
KW  - randomized algorithm
N1  - Accession Number: 16238094; Bhattt, Sandeep 1; Email Address: bhatt@bellcore.com Greenberg, David 2; Email Address: dsgreen@cs.sandia.gov Tom Leighton 3; Email Address: ftl@math.mit.edu Pangfeng Liu 4; Email Address: pangfeng@cs.ccu.edu.tw; Affiliation:  1: Bellcore, 445 South Street, Morristown, NJ 07960.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185.  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 545 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139.  4: National Chung Cheng University, Computer Science and Engineering, Chiayi 621, Taiwan; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p474; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: COMMUNICATION -- Methodology; Subject Term: COMMUNICATION -- Research; Author-Supplied Keyword: graph embedding; Author-Supplied Keyword: randomized algorithm; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sigalas, M. M.
AU  - Biswas, R.
AU  - Ho, K. M.
AU  - Soukoulis, C. M.
AU  - Turner, D.
AU  - Vasiliu, B.
AU  - Kothari, S. C.
AU  - Lin, Shawn
T1  - Waveguide bends in three-dimensional layer-by-layer photonic bandgap materials.
JO  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
JF  - Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
Y1  - 1999/10/05/
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
EP  - 59
SN  - 08952477
AB  - We theoretically investigate waveguide bends in three-dimensional dielectric photonic bandgap (PBG) materials. The PBG materials used in this study consist of layers of alumina rods. An L-shaped waveguide is created by removing part of the rod in one layer and part of the rod in the next layer. The removed rods are perpendicular to each other. Using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, we found that 100% transmission efficiency can be achieved through the 90° bend. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 23: 56–59, 1999. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microwave & Optical Technology Letters is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - multiple-layer materials
KW  - photonic bandgap materials
KW  - waveguide bends
N1  - Accession Number: 13449088; Sigalas, M. M. 1 Biswas, R. 1 Ho, K. M. 1 Soukoulis, C. M. 1 Turner, D. 1 Vasiliu, B. 2 Kothari, S. C. 2 Lin, Shawn 3; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 10/5/99, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p56; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple-layer materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: photonic bandgap materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: waveguide bends; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoon, Mirang
AU  - Larson, B. C.
AU  - Tischler, J. Z.
AU  - Haynes, T. E.
AU  - Chung, J.-S.
AU  - Ice, G. E.
AU  - Zschack, P.
T1  - Use of x-ray microbeams for cross-section depth profiling of MeV ion-implantation-induced defect clusters in Si.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1999/11//11/1/1999
VL  - 75
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 2791
EP  - 2793
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have used submicron-resolution synchrotron x-ray beams to study the size, type, and depth distribution of ion-implantation-induced defect clusters in Si. A 0.65 μm resolution x-ray beam, generated using Fresnel zone plate focusing optics, was used to study (001)-oriented Si implanted at 300°C with 10 MeV Si ions. Diffuse scattering measurements were made near the (220) Bragg reflection, as a function of depth on a (110) cross-sectioned sample, with a 0.65 μm depth resolution. The microbeam focusing optics and the depth-resolved scattering measurements are discussed, and an analysis of the intensity and lineshape of the diffuse scattering is presented in terms of existing models of vacancy and interstitial clusters in Si. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SILICON
KW  - IONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 18888077; Yoon, Mirang 1; Email Address: yoonm@ornl.gov Larson, B. C. 1 Tischler, J. Z. 1 Haynes, T. E. 1 Chung, J.-S. 2 Ice, G. E. 2 Zschack, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: University of Illinois Materials Research Laboratory and Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 11/1/1999, Vol. 75 Issue 18, p2791; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanzer, T. A.
AU  - Bohn, P. W.
AU  - Roshchin, I. V.
AU  - Greene, L. H.
AU  - Klem, J. F.
T1  - Near-surface electronic structure on InAs(100) modified with self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 1999/11//11/1/1999
VL  - 75
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 2794
EP  - 2796
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Surface chemical modification is used to eliminate the problem of high surface recombination velocity and control surface band bending on InAs(100). Alkanethiols, RSH; R=CH3(CH2)n , both neat and in ethanolic solutions, are used to passivate this surface against oxidation, as characterized by Raman scattering and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the adsorbate-covered and bare surfaces. The magnitude of the interfacial band bending is obtained by analysis of Raman scattering from the unscreened longitudinal optical phonon, which arises from the near-surface charge accumulation region. Removing the native oxide with a Br2:CH3OH chemomechanical etch reduces the surface band bending, but atmospheric oxidation increases band bending to its original level over several hours. In contrast, alkanethiol passivation of InAs(100) prevents band bending for periods of up to several weeks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 18888176; Tanzer, T. A. 1 Bohn, P. W. 1; Email Address: bohn@scs.uiuc.edu Roshchin, I. V. 2 Greene, L. H. 2; Email Address: lhg@uiuc.edu Klem, J. F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801  2: Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 11/1/1999, Vol. 75 Issue 18, p2794; Subject Term: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watt, Andrew S.
AU  - Magrini, Kimberly A.
AU  - Carlson-Boyd, Lynnae E.
AU  - Wolfrum, Edward J.
AU  - Larson, Sheldon A.
AU  - Roth, Christine
AU  - Glatzmaier, Greg C.
T1  - Pilot-Scale Demonstration of an Innovative Treatment for Vapor Emissions.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 1999/11//
VL  - 49
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1368
EP  - 1373
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Researchers from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory recently conducted a pilot-scale study at McClellan Air Force Base (AFB) in Sacramento, CA. The objective of the test was to determine the effectiveness of an ambient-temperature, solar-powered photocatalytic oxidation treatment unit for destroying emissions of chlorinated organic compounds from an air stripper. This paper reports test results and discusses applications and limitations of the technology. A 10-standard-cubic-foot-per-minute (SCFM) (28.3 L/min) slip stream of air from an air stripper at Operative Unit 29-31 at McClellan AFB was passed through a reactor that contained a lightweight, perforated, inert support coated with photoactive titanium dioxide. The reactor faced south and was tilted at a 45° angle from vertical so that the light-activated catalyst received most of the available sunlight. An online portable gas chromatograph with two identical columns simultaneously analyzed the volatile organic compounds contained in the reactor inlet and outlet air streams. Summa canister grab samples of the inlet and outlet were also collected and sent to a certified laboratory for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method TO-14 analysis and verification of our field analyses. Three weeks of testing demonstrated that the treatment system's destruction and removal efficiencies (DREs) are greater than 95% at 10 SCFM with UV intensities at or greater than 1.5 milliwatts/square centimeter (mW/cm²). DREs greater than 95% at 20 SCFM were obtained under conditions where UV irradiation measured at or greater than 2 mW/cm². In Sacramento, this provided 6 hours of operation per clear or nearly clear day in April. A solar tracking system could extend operating time. The air stream also contained trace amounts of benzene. We observed no loss of system performance during testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Military bases
KW  - Air forces
KW  - Sacramento (Calif.)
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12210838; Watt, Andrew S. 1; Magrini, Kimberly A. 1; Carlson-Boyd, Lynnae E. 1; Wolfrum, Edward J. 1; Larson, Sheldon A. 1; Roth, Christine 1; Glatzmaier, Greg C. 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Nov99, Vol. 49 Issue 11, p1368; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Subject Term: Military bases; Subject Term: Air forces; Subject: Sacramento (Calif.); Subject: California; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911110 Defence services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, Michael T.
AU  - Turner, Monica G.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Romme, William H.
AU  - Gunter, Lee E.
AU  - Waller, Donald M.
T1  - Genetic variation in postfire aspen seedlings in Yellowstone National Park.
JO  - Molecular Ecology
JF  - Molecular Ecology
Y1  - 1999/11//
VL  - 8
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1769
EP  - 1780
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09621083
AB  - AbstractA rare episode of regeneration of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) by seeds occurred in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), Wyoming, USA, following extensive fires that occurred in 1988. In 1997, we sampled 410 aspen seedlings from 23 local populations distributed widely across YNP to determine how genetic diversity varies with elevation, substrate, plant competition, ungulate browsing, and geographical location. We employed 132 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers based on six primers to show genetic relationships within and among the postfire aspen seedling populations. Measures of genetic variation, including estimates of percentage polymorphic loci, expected heterozygosity, and Nei’s FST, indicated that most of the variation occurred within rather than among local populations. There was no indication of geographical differentiation among sampled populations based on hierarchal estimates of Nei’s FST, neighbour-joining, or correlations between genetic distance and geographical distance. Even genetically distant populations shared nearly 90% of the same markers. Within plots, the amount of genetic variation decreased slightly in response to increased percentage vegetative cover, mean seedling basal diameter, and mean seedling height. Geological substrate, density of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Dougl.) seedlings, browsing intensity, and elevation were not significantly related to levels of genetic variation within the seedling plots. These data suggest that genetic variation and geographical structure among seedling populations may occur over time as the transition from seedling-dominated stands to clone-dominated stands occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASPEN (Trees)
KW  - VARIATION (Biology)
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - Populus tremuloides
KW  - RAPD
KW  - Seedling regeneration
KW  - Vegetative cover
N1  - Accession Number: 5216507; Stevens, Michael T. 1 Turner, Monica G. 2 Tuskan, Gerald A. 3 Romme, William H. 4 Gunter, Lee E. Waller, Donald M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Botany, Birge Hall, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA,  2: Department of Zoology, Birge Hall, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA,  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA,  4: Department of Biology, Fort Lewis College, Durango, CO 81301, USA; Source Info: Nov99, Vol. 8 Issue 11, p1769; Subject Term: ASPEN (Trees); Subject Term: VARIATION (Biology); Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: genetic variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populus tremuloides; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAPD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seedling regeneration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vegetative cover; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-294X.1999.00732.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roback, Robert C.
AU  - Hunt, Brian B.
AU  - Helper, Mark A.
T1  - Mesoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the western Llano uplift, central Texas: The story in an outcrop.
JO  - Rocky Mountain Geology
JF  - Rocky Mountain Geology
Y1  - 1999///Fall1999
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 287
SN  - 15557332
AB  - A small, but perfectly exposed outcrop of Mesoproterozoic rocks in the western Llano uplift displays lithologic and structural relations from which a sequence of geologic events has been determined. Detailed geologic mapping and petrologic studies combined with new U-Pb ages of key units are used to constrain the tectonic evolution of this little-studied region and provide a basis for comparison with the previously studied southeastern uplift. The outcrop consists of layered mafic and felsic gneiss cross-cut by three generations of granitic dikes and sills. The sequence of events as deduced from cross-cutting relations and U-Pb geochronology is as follows: (1) generation of compositional layering (S[sub0]) and parallel biotite foliation (S[sub1]) in the gneisses at 1256 Ma; (2) emplacement of the first set of granitic sills and dikes at 1253 Ma; (3) transposition, isoclinal folding, amphibolite facies metamorphism, and fabric formation (S[sub2]) between 1253 Ma and 1126 Ma; (4) emplacement of pegmatitic granitic dikes at 1126 Ma; (5) open folding and boudinage between 1126 Ma and 1076 Ma; and (6) emplacement of aplitic granitic dikes at 1076 Ma. Four U-Pb ages of titanite, two each from the gneiss and pegmatitic granite, are concordant at ∼ 1114 Ma indicating that the region had been sufficiently hot to reset titanite ages in the gneiss and that the region had cooled below the titanite blocking temperature by this time. The tectonic evolution of this outcrop is remarkably similar to that of other areas of the Llano uplift, suggesting that the entire uplift experienced a similar evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Rocky Mountain Geology is the property of Rocky Mountain Geology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL geology
KW  - STRATIGRAPHIC geology -- Precambrian
KW  - GEOLOGICAL time
KW  - LLANO Uplift (Tex.)
KW  - TEXAS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Grenville
KW  - Llano uplift
KW  - Mesoproterozoic
KW  - Precambrian
KW  - U-Pb geochronology
N1  - Accession Number: 12753169; Roback, Robert C. 1,2 Hunt, Brian B. 1 Helper, Mark A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-7909, U.S.A.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, CST-7, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Fall1999, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p275; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL geology; Subject Term: STRATIGRAPHIC geology -- Precambrian; Subject Term: GEOLOGICAL time; Subject Term: LLANO Uplift (Tex.); Subject Term: TEXAS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grenville; Author-Supplied Keyword: Llano uplift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoproterozoic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precambrian; Author-Supplied Keyword: U-Pb geochronology; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapira, Yair
T1  - MULTIGRID FOR LOCALLY REFINED MESHES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1999/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1168
EP  - 1190
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - A multilevel method for the solution of finite element schemes on locally refined meshes is introduced. For isotropic diffusion problems, the condition number of the two-level method is bounded independently of the mesh size and the discontinuities in the diffusion coefficient. The curves of discontinuity need not be aligned with the coarse mesh. Indeed, numerical applications with 10 levels of local refinement yield a rapid convergence of the corresponding 10-level, multigrid V-cycle and other multigrid cycles which are more suitable for parallelism even when the discontinuities are invisible on most of the coarse meshes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - PARABOLIC differential equations
KW  - BURGERS' equation
KW  - TERRESTRIAL heat flow
KW  - HEAT equation -- Numerical solutions
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - diffusion equation
KW  - discontinuous coefficients
KW  - local mesh refinement
KW  - multigrid method
N1  - Accession Number: 13204565; Shapira, Yair 1; Email Address: yairs@cs.technion.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p1168; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: PARABOLIC differential equations; Subject Term: BURGERS' equation; Subject Term: TERRESTRIAL heat flow; Subject Term: HEAT equation -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: discontinuous coefficients; Author-Supplied Keyword: local mesh refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: multigrid method; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LYNESS, J.N.
AU  - JOE, S.
T1  - A CONSTRUCTIVE APPROACH TO LATTICE RULE CANONICAL FORMS.
JO  - BIT: Numerical Mathematics
JF  - BIT: Numerical Mathematics
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 701
EP  - 715
SN  - 00063835
AB  - The rank and invariants of a general lattice rule are conventionally defined in terms of the group-theoretic properties of the rule. Here we give a constructive definition of the rank and invariants using integer matrices. This underpins a nonabstract algorithm set in matrix algebra for obtaining the Sylow p-decomposition of a lattice rule. This approach is particularly useful when it is not known whether the form in which the lattice rule is specified is canonical or even repetitive. A new set of necessary and sufficient conditions for recognizing a canonical form is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BIT: Numerical Mathematics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - Constructing canonical forms
KW  - lattice rules
KW  - Sylow
N1  - Accession Number: 5259322; LYNESS, J.N. 1 JOE, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, USA, Argonne, 9700 South Cass Avenue, IL 60439  2: The University of Waikato, Department of Mathematics, New Zealand, Hamilton, Private Bag 3105; Source Info: Dec99, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p701; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Constructing canonical forms; Author-Supplied Keyword: lattice rules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sylow; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'neill, Robert V.
AU  - Riitters, K.H.
AU  - Wickham, J.D.
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
T1  - Landscape Pattern Metrics and Regional Assessment.
JO  - Ecosystem Health
JF  - Ecosystem Health
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 233
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10762825
AB  - ABSTRACT The combination of remote imagery data, geographic information systems software, and landscape ecology theory provides a unique basis for monitoring and assessing large-scale ecological systems. The unique feature of the work has been the need to develop and interpret quantitative measures of spatial pattern—the landscape indices. This article reviews what is known about the statistical properties of these pattern metrics and suggests some additional metrics based on island biogeography, percolation theory, hierarchy theory, and economic geography. Assessment applications of this approach have required interpreting the pattern metrics in terms of specific environmental endpoints, such as wildlife and water quality, and research into how to represent synergystic effects of many overlapping sources of stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecosystem Health is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOLOGICAL assessment (Biology)
KW  - LANDSCAPE ecology
KW  - SPATIAL analysis (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 5187213; O'neill, Robert V. 1 Riitters, K.H. 2 Wickham, J.D. 3 Jones, K. Bruce 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;  2: U.S. Geological Survey, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina;  3: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;  4: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada; Source Info: Dec99, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p225; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL assessment (Biology); Subject Term: LANDSCAPE ecology; Subject Term: SPATIAL analysis (Statistics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1526-0992.1999.09942.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boughton, David A.
AU  - Smith, Elizabeth R.
AU  - O'neill, Robert V.
T1  - Regional Vulnerability: A Conceptual Framework.
JO  - Ecosystem Health
JF  - Ecosystem Health
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 312
EP  - 322
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10762825
AB  - ABSTRACT Regional vulnerability assessment, or ReVA, is an approach to place-based ecological risk assessment that is currently under development by the Office of Research and Development of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The assessment is done at the scale of EPA regions and builds on data collected for the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) of the EPA. The pilot ReVA is being developed for the U.S. mid-Atlantic region to identify those ecosystems, together with the ecological goods and services they provide, that are most vulnerable to being lost in the next 20 years. The project is currently exploring different conceptual approaches to integrated assessment. In this article, we give an operational approach to estimating ecosystem vulnerability and discuss important issues arising from it. The first issue is estimating vulnerability at the regional scale as opposed to the more familiar local scale. The second issue is integrating information about different sorts of risks in order to prioritize them at the regional scale. The challenge of integration is considerable because of the possibility of synergistic (mutually reinforcing) interactions between different environmental stresses. Synergistic effects are often too poorly known to include, yet potentially too important to ignore. Vulnerability at the regional scale may provide a pragmatic, middle-road approach to this problem by highlighting and characterizing geographic areas that are expected to change the most in the future. The goal is not exact predictions, but a first-cut early warning system to identify and prioritize the risks of undesirable environmental changes over the next few decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecosystem Health is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
KW  - GLOBAL environmental change
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 5187206; Boughton, David A. 1 Smith, Elizabeth R. 1 O'neill, Robert V. 2; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Dec99, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p312; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Subject Term: GLOBAL environmental change; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1526-0992.1999.09949.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murphy IV, Frank V.
AU  - Sweet, Robert M.
AU  - Churchill, Mair E. A.
T1  - The structure of a chromosomal high mobility group protein-DNA complex reveals sequence-neutral mechanisms important for non-sequence-specific DNA recognition.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1999/12//12/1/99
VL  - 18
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 6610
EP  - 6618
SN  - 02614189
AB  - The high mobility group (HMG) chromosomal proteins, which are common to all eukaryotes, bind DNA in a non-sequence-specific fashion to promote chromatin function and gene regulation. They interact directly with nucleosomes and are believed to be modulators of chromatin structure. They are also important in V(D)J recombination and in activating a number of regulators of gene expression, including p53, Hox transcription factors and steroid hormone receptors, by increasing their affinity for DNA. The X-ray crystal structure, at 2.2 Å resolution, of the HMG domain of the Drosophila melanogaster protein, HMG-D, bound to DNA provides the first detailed view of a chromosomal HMG domain interacting with linear DNA and reveals the molecular basis of non-sequence-specific DNA recognition. Serl0 forms water-mediated hydrogen bonds to DNA bases, and Val32 with Thr33 partially intercalates the DNA. These two ‘sequence-neutral’ mechanisms of DNA binding substitute for base-specific hydrogen bonds made by equivalent residues of the sequence-specific HMG domain protein, lymphoid enhancer factor-1. The use of multiple intercalations and water-mediated DNA contacts may prove to be generally important mechanisms by which chromosomal proteins bind to DNA in the minor groove. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CHROMATIN
KW  - DNA
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - chromatin
KW  - dna binding
KW  - hmg domain
KW  - non-sequence-specific
KW  - x-ray crystallography
N1  - Accession Number: 13004487; Murphy IV, Frank V. 1,2 Sweet, Robert M. 3 Churchill, Mair E. A. 1; Email Address: Mair.churchill@uchsc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pharmacology, The University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 200 E. Ninth Avenue, Denver, CO  2: Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 600 South Matthew Avenue, Urbana , IL  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA; Source Info: 12/1/99, Vol. 18 Issue 23, p6610; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromatin; Author-Supplied Keyword: dna binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: hmg domain; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-sequence-specific; Author-Supplied Keyword: x-ray crystallography; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/18.23.6610
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulavin, Dmitry V.
AU  - Saito, Shin'ichi
AU  - Hollander, M. Christine
AU  - Sakaguchi, Kazuyasu
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Fornace Jr., Albert J.
T1  - Phosphorylation of human p53 by p38 kinase coordinates N-terminal phosphorylation and apoptosis in response to UV radiation.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 1999/12//12/1/99
VL  - 18
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 6845
EP  - 6854
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Components of the ras signaling pathway contribute to activation of cellular p53. In MCF-7 cells, p38 kinase activated p53 more effectively than other members of the ras pathway, p53 and p38 kinase exist in the same physical complex, and co-expression of p38 stabilized p53 protein. In vitro, p38 kinase phosphorylated p53 at Ser33 and Ser46, a newly identified site. Mutation of these sites decreased p53-mediated and UV-induced apoptosis, and the reduction correlated with total abrogation of UV-induced phosphorylation on Ser37 and a significant decrease in Serl5 phosphorylation in mutant p53 containing alanine at Ser33 and Ser46. Inhibition of p38 activation after UV irradiation decreased phosphorylation of Ser33, Ser37 and Serl5, and also markedly reduced UV-induced apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. These results suggest that p38 kinase plays a prominent role in an integrated regulation of N-terminal phosphorylation that regulates p53-mediated apoptosis after UV radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - P53 antioncogene
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - apoptosis
KW  - dna damage
KW  - p38
KW  - p53
KW  - phosphorylation
N1  - Accession Number: 13004464; Bulavin, Dmitry V. 1 Saito, Shin'ichi 2 Hollander, M. Christine 1 Sakaguchi, Kazuyasu 2,3 Anderson, Carl W. 4 Appella, Ettore 2 Fornace Jr., Albert J. 1; Email Address: fornace@nih.gov; Affiliation:  1: Division of Basic Science, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda  2: Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda  3: Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan  4: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: 12/1/99, Vol. 18 Issue 23, p6845; Subject Term: P53 antioncogene; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: apoptosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: dna damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: p38; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorylation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/18.23.6845
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McNab, Walt
T1  - Comparisons of Geochemical Signatures of Biotransformation of Fuel Hydrocarbons in Groundwater.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
EP  - 274
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Biotransformation processes play an active role in reducing the environmental impact of fuel hydrocarbon releases to groundwater. Because monitoring data at release locations are typically sparse, spatial variations in geochemical indicator parameters are often called upon as indirect evidence of biotransformation. These parameters include concentrations of electron acceptors (O2, NO3-, SO>, reduced redox reaction by-products (Fe2+, Mn2+, CH4), as well as bicarbonate alkalinity, pH and Eh. However, background variability in a number of these parameters complicates the task of data interpretation, particularly in the case of small data sets. In this study, correlation analyses are applied to geochemical indicator data at six hydrocarbon groundwater contamination sites in California to identify which parameters are the most reliable indicators. The results of the analyses suggest that the most direct indicators of the local redox environment – Fe2+, Mn2+, CH4, Eh – yield the most consistent evidence of hydrocarbon biotransformation. Indicators which rely largely on mass balance – O2, NO, SO, alkalinity – appear to be less reliable. These findings may provide guidance in both the collection and interpretation of groundwater monitoring data at hydrocarbon contamination sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biotransformation (Metabolism)
KW  - Hydrocarbons -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Waste products
KW  - Oxidation-reduction reaction
KW  - Mass budget (Geophysics)
KW  - Groundwater -- Carbon content
KW  - Spatial variation
KW  - Electrophiles
KW  - biodegradation
KW  - groundwater geochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 51577165; McNab, Walt 1; Email Address: mcnab1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Restoration Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore 94550 USA; Issue Info: Dec1999, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p257; Thesaurus Term: Biotransformation (Metabolism); Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Environmental monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Waste products; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation-reduction reaction; Thesaurus Term: Mass budget (Geophysics); Subject Term: Groundwater -- Carbon content; Subject Term: Spatial variation; Subject Term: Electrophiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater geochemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1006113520693
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, J.V
AU  - Batiste, S.L
AU  - Gibbins, E.M.
AU  - Goheen, S.C
T1  - Synthesis and activity of NH2 ‐ and COOH‐terminal elastase recognition sequences on cotton.
JO  - Journal of Peptide Research
JF  - Journal of Peptide Research
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 536
EP  - 543
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 1397002X
AB  - The application of peptide recognition sequences of elastase to fibers of wound dressings is a possible route to inhibiting high levels of destructive elastase in the chronic wound. For this reason we have synthesized the elastase recognition sequence Val‐Pro‐Val on both cotton cellulose, and carboxymethylated cellulose cotton (CMC) and prepared chromatography columns of these to examine elastase retention. The tripeptide was synthesized on cotton‐based cellulose fibers both in sequence and as a tripeptide methyl ester. Glycine was employed as a linker of the recognition sequence to the cotton cellulose. Pre‐treatment of cotton cellulose with cellulase improved the substitution level of glycine. The peptidocellulose conjugates were employed as a chromatographic stationary phase to assess elastase retention. The sequence Val‐Pro‐Val‐OMe was amino‐terminally anchored to carboxymethylated cotton and demonstrated retention of up to 58% of elastase when first applied to the column. Higher repetitive retention was demonstrated subsequently. Cotton gauze similarly modified with Val‐Pro‐Val‐Gly cellulose was compared with untreated gauze for reduction of elastase activity in buffered saline. Solutions of elastase that were treated with Val‐Pro‐Val‐Gly cellulose cotton gauze, demonstrated reduced elastase activity. This study demonstrates the use of elastase recognition sequences as sequestering agents of elastase when attached to cotton fibers and constitutes a model for the design of peptidocellulose analogs in dressing fibers for chronic wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Peptide Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ELASTASES
KW  - GLYCINE
KW  - affinity chromatography
KW  - bioconjugates
KW  - cotton
KW  - elastase
KW  - enzyme inhibition
KW  - nonhealing wounds
KW  - peptidocellulose
N1  - Accession Number: 5169190; Edwards, J.V 1 Batiste, S.L 1 Gibbins, E.M. 2 Goheen, S.C 2; Affiliation:  1: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, Cotton Textile Chemistry Research Unit, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA.  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.; Source Info: Dec99, Vol. 54 Issue 6, p536; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ELASTASES; Subject Term: GLYCINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: affinity chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioconjugates; Author-Supplied Keyword: cotton; Author-Supplied Keyword: elastase; Author-Supplied Keyword: enzyme inhibition; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonhealing wounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: peptidocellulose; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1034/j.1399-3011.1999.00134.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biwer, Bruce M.
AU  - Butler, James P.
T1  - Vehicle Emission Unit Risk Factors for Transportation Risk Assessments.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1157
EP  - 1171
SN  - 02724332
AB  - When the transportation risk posed by shipments of hazardous chemical and radioactive materials is being assessed, it is necessary to evaluate the risks associated with both vehicle emissions and cargo-related risks. Diesel exhaust and fugitive dust emissions from vehicles transporting hazardous shipments lead to increased air pollution, which increases the risk of latent fatalities in the affected population along the transport route. The estimated risk from these vehicle-related sources can often be as large or larger than the estimated risk associated with the material being transported. In this paper, data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Motor Vehicle-Related Air Toxics Study are first used to develop latent cancer fatality estimates per kilometer of travel in rural and urban areas for all diesel  truck classes. These unit risk factors are based on studies investigating the carcinogenic nature of diesel exhaust. With the same methodology, the current per-kilometer latent fatality risk factor used in transportation risk assessments for heavy diesel trucks in urban areas is revised and the analysis expanded to provide risk factors for rural areas and all diesel truck classes. These latter fatality estimates may include, but are not limited to, cancer fatalities and are based primarily on the most recent epidemiological data available on mortality rates associated with ambient air PM-10 concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Radioactive pollution
KW  - Health risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 11648199; Biwer, Bruce M. 1; Butler, James P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Issue Info: Dec99, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p1157; Thesaurus Term: Transportation; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive pollution; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 7 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertwich, Edgar G.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Pease, William S.
T1  - Parameter Uncertainty and Variability In Evaluative Fate and Exposure Models.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1193
EP  - 1204
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The human toxicity potential, a weighting scheme used to evaluate toxic emissions for life cycle assessment and toxics release inventories, is based on potential dose calculations and toxicity factors. This paper evaluates the variance in potential dose calculations that can be  attributed to the uncetainty in chemical-specific input parameters as well as the variability in exposure factors and landscape parameters. A knowledge of the uncertainty allows us to assess the robustness of a decision based on the toxicity potential; a knowledge of the sources of uncertainty allows us to focus our resources if we want to reduce the uncertainty. The potential dose of 236 chemicals was assessed. The chemicals were grouped by dominant exposure route, and a Monte Carlo analysis was conducted for one representative chemical in each group. The variance is typically one to two orders of magnitude. For comparison, the point estimates in potential dose for 236 chemicals span ten orders of magnitude. Most of the variance in the potential dose is due to chemical-specific input parameters, especially half-lives, although exposure factors such as fish intake and the source of drinking water can be important for chemicals whose dominant exposure is through indirect routes. Landscape characteristics are generally of minor importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Life cycles (Biology)
KW  - Health risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 11648202; Hertwich, Edgar G. 1; McKone, Thomas E. 2; Pease, William S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Energy & Resources Group, CA; 2: School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA; 3: Environmental Defense Fund, CA; Issue Info: Dec99, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p1193; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Life cycles (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bouaricha, Ali
AU  - Schnabel, Robert B.
T1  - TENSOR METHODS FOR LARGE, SPARSE NONLINEAR LEAST SQUARES PROBLEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1199
EP  - 1221
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - This paper introduces tensor methods for solving large, sparse nonlinear least squares problems where the Jacobian either is analytically available or is computed by finite difference approximations. Tensor methods have been shown to have very good computational performance for small to medium-sized, dense nonlinear least squares problems. In this paper we consider the application of tensor methods to large, sparse nonlinear least squares problems where a sparse factorization of the Jacobian can be stored. This involves an entirely new way of solving the tensor model that is efficient for sparse problems. A number of interesting linear algebraic implementation issues are addressed. The test results of the tensor method applied to a set of sparse nonlinear least squares problems compared with those of the standard Gauss­Newton method reveal that the tensor method is significantly more robust and efficient than the standard Gauss­Newton method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - JACOBIAN matrices
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - large-scale optimization
KW  - rank-deficient matrices
KW  - sparse problems
KW  - tensor methods
N1  - Accession Number: 13204725; Bouaricha, Ali 1; Email Address: ali@frequency.com Schnabel, Robert B. 2; Email Address: bobby@cs.colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  2: Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0430; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p1199; Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: JACOBIAN matrices; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: large-scale optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: rank-deficient matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: tensor methods; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wan, W. L.
AU  - Chan, Tony F.
AU  - Smith, Barry
T1  - AN ENERGY-MINIMIZING INTERPOLATION FOR ROBUST MULTIGRID METHODS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 1999/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1632
EP  - 1649
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We propose a robust interpolation for multigrid based on the concepts of energy minimization and approximation. It can handle PDE coefficients of various types on structured or unstructured grids under one framework. The formulation is general; it can be applied to any dimension. We demonstrate numerically the effectiveness of the multigrid method in two dimensions by applying it to a discontinuous coefficient problem, an oscillatory coefficient problem, and an anisotropic problem. Empirically, the convergence rate is independent of the coefficients of the underlying PDE, in addition to being independent of the mesh size. The proposed method is primarily designed for second-order elliptic PDEs, with possible extensions to other classes of problems such as integral equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - INTEGRAL equations
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - elliptic differential equations
KW  - energy minimization
KW  - interpolation
KW  - multigrid
KW  - nonsmooth coefficient
N1  - Accession Number: 13204648; Wan, W. L. 1; Email Address: wan@sccm.stanford.edu Chan, Tony F. 2; Email Address: chan@math.ucla.edu Smith, Barry 3; Email Address: bsmith@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: SCCM Program, Gates Building 2B, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-9025  2: Department of Mathematics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1555  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p1632; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: INTEGRAL equations; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: elliptic differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy minimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonsmooth coefficient; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, B.
T1  - FIRST-ORDER SYSTEM LEAST-SQUARES FOR ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS WITH ROBIN BOUNDARY CONDITIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 1999/12/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 70
EP  - 104
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - This paper studies a least-squares approach to scalar second-order elliptic partial differential equations with Robin boundary conditions. As in several earlier papers by Bramble, Lazarov, and Pasciak [Math. Comp., 66 (1997), pp. 935–955]; Cai et al. [SIAM J. Numer Anal., 31 (1994), pp. 1785–1799]; Cai, Manteuffel, and McCormick [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 34 (1997), pp. 425–454, 1727–1741]; Chang [SIAM J. Numer Anal., 29 (1992), pp. 452–461]; and Jiang and Povinelli [Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., 102 (1993), pp. 199–212], the scalar equation is first recast into a first-order system by introducing velocity or flux variables, where some norm is then applied to the residual of this system to create a least-squares functional. We show here that a least-squares principle based on an L2 norm produces optimal discretization error estimates in the H1 norm for all variables in the system. We further show that a least-squares principle based on a combination of L2 and H-1 norms yields optimal discretization error in a corresponding combination of H1 and L2 norms for the variables. Finally, a regularity result for the L2 least-squares formulation and numerical examples for both formulations are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - ELLIPTIC functions
KW  - SPEED
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - FIRST-order logic
KW  - ERROR
KW  - first-order system least-squares
KW  - multigrid
KW  - preconditioning
KW  - robin boundary conditions
N1  - Accession Number: 13215554; Lee, B. 1; Email Address: lee123@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, L-661 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 1999, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p70; Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: ELLIPTIC functions; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: FIRST-order logic; Subject Term: ERROR; Author-Supplied Keyword: first-order system least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: robin boundary conditions; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Daniel A.
T1  - Numerical dispersion of a vector finite element method on skewed hexahedral grids<FN>This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the U.S.A. </FN>.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 2000/01//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 55
SN  - 10698299
AB  - The numerical dispersion relation is an important measure of the discretization error inherent in grid-based numerical methods for solving Maxwell's equations. In this paper we calculate the numerical dispersion of a vector finite element method for the case of a distorted three-dimensional hexahedral grid. The main result is that the numerical dispersion relation remains second-order accurate as the grid is distorted, although the dispersion becomes quite anisotropic. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MAXWELL equations
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - DISPERSION relations
KW  - dispersion
KW  - electromagnetics
KW  - finite element
KW  - Maxwell's equations
N1  - Accession Number: 13440279; White, Daniel A. 1; Email Address: dwhite@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Centre for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, MSL-560, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2000, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p47; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: DISPERSION relations; Author-Supplied Keyword: dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maxwell's equations; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gardiner, K.
AU  - Mural, R.
AU  - Werner, T.
T1  - Report of the ninth international workshop on the identification of transcribed sequences.
JO  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
JF  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
Y1  - 2000/01//
VL  - 88
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
SN  - 03010171
AB  - The article focuses on the ninth international workshop related to identification of transcribed sequences which was held during October 28 to 31, 1999. Attendees discussed a broad range of topics dealing with DNA, RNA or functional analysis. Topics concerning DNA included analysis and annotation of genomic sequence for gene and regulatory element identification, discussion of evolutionary issues, and descriptions of various databases. Presentations concerning RNA included the expected topics of construction and analysis of cDNA libraries, mRNA editing, mRNA stability and turnover, sequence and functional characteristics of untranslated regions. Functional analysis included discussions of large scale expression profiling, methods and progress in work with model organisms.
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - DNA data banks
KW  - GENE libraries
N1  - Accession Number: 12184681; Gardiner, K. 1; Email Address: gardiner@eri.uchsc.edu Mural, R. 2 Werner, T. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, Denver CO.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN (USA).  3: GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg (Germany).; Source Info: Jan2000, Vol. 88 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: DNA data banks; Subject Term: GENE libraries; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000015474
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rhodes, Richard
AU  - Beller, Denis
T1  - The Need for Nuclear Power.
JO  - Foreign Affairs
JF  - Foreign Affairs
Y1  - 2000/01//Jan/Feb2000
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 44
PB  - Foreign Affairs
SN  - 00157120
AB  - The article discusses the need to increase the amount of energy that is generated from nuclear power. In the U.S. and around the globe, nuclear safety and efficiency have improved significantly since 1990. In 1998, unit capacity factor for operating reactors reached record levels. The average U.S. capacity factor in 1998 was 80 percent for about 100 reactors, compared to 58 percent in 1980 and 66 percent in 1990. Despite a reduction in the number of power plants, the U.S. nuclear industry generated nine percent more nuclear electricity in 1999 than in 1998. Average production costs for nuclear energy are now just 1.9 cents per kilowatt-hour (kwh), while electricity produced from gas costs 3.4 cents per kwh. Because major, complex technologies take more than half a century to spread around the world, natural gas will share the lead in power generation with nuclear power over the next hundred years. The great advantage of nuclear power is its ability to wrest enormous energy from a small volume of fuel. Nuclear fission, transforming matter directly into energy, is several million times as energetic as chemical burning, which merely breaks chemical bonds.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - NUCLEAR industry
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 2623487; Rhodes, Richard Beller, Denis 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear engineer and Technical Staff Member, Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jan/Feb2000, Vol. 79 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: NUCLEAR industry; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Ken B.
AU  - Muntean, John V.
T1  - The nature and fate of natural resins in the geosphere. Part X. Structural characteristics of the macromolecular constituents of modern Dammar resin and Class II ambers.
JO  - Geochemical Transactions
JF  - Geochemical Transactions
Y1  - 2000/01//
VL  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 14674866
AB  - As part of a larger study of the structure and behavior of polyterpenoids in sedimentary systems, the structural characteristics of the macromolecular constituents of Dammar resin and a related Class II amber have been reinvestigated. The conclusions drawn from these analyses are inconsistent with the current widely held "polycadinene" model for the macromolecular structure of these materials. Double bond characteristics observed by one and two dimensional NMR spectroscopy do not match those in the proposed "polycadinene" structure. Based on these observations it is suggested that the proposed "polycadinene" structure for these materials is inadequate and requires revision. Elemental and NMR data also suggest a significant contribution from functionalized monomers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geochemical Transactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - GUMS & resins
KW  - AMBER
KW  - TERPENES
KW  - SEDIMENTARY structures
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - MONOMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 30095277; Anderson, Ken B. 1; Email Address: kbanderson@anl.gov Muntean, John V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 1, p1; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: GUMS & resins; Subject Term: AMBER; Subject Term: TERPENES; Subject Term: SEDIMENTARY structures; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: MONOMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1039/b000495m
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Max, Nelson
AU  - Williams, Peter
AU  - Silva, Claudio
T1  - Approximate volume rendering for curvilinear and unstructured grids by hardware-assisted polyhedron projection.
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 2000/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 61
SN  - 08999457
AB  - A hardware polygon rendering pipeline can be used with hardware compositing to volume render arbitrary unstructured grids composed of convex polyhedral cells. This technique is described, together with the global sorting necessary for back-to-front compositing, and the modifications that must be made to approximate curvilinear cells, whose faces may not be planar.© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 11, 53–61, 2000 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CURVILINEAR coordinates
KW  - POLYGONS
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 13509949; Max, Nelson 1 Williams, Peter 1 Silva, Claudio 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  2: AT&T Labs-Research; Source Info: Jan2000, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: CURVILINEAR coordinates; Subject Term: POLYGONS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Burchell, Timothy D.
T1  - CHAPTER 3: Carbon Materials for Nuclear Energy Applications.
JO  - Sciences of Carbon Materials
JF  - Sciences of Carbon Materials
Y1  - 2000/01//
M3  - Book Chapter
SP  - 117
EP  - 147
SN  - 9788479085445
AB  - The use of carbon materials in nuclear fission and fusion reactors, and space nuclear power systems is outlined. The combination of materials properties and attributes, such as thermal shock resistance, low atomic number, low neutron capture cross section, and high-temperature capability, make carbon materials uniquely qualified for the nuclear application reported and discussed here. Moreover, the tailorability of carbon-carbon composite materials allows further flexibility when applying these materials in nuclear energy systems. Nuclear environments are particularly hostile. Damaging phenomena such as neutron irradiation, high heat flux, particle erosion, and thermal ablation and oxidation, may be encountered. The response of carbon materials to these phenomena is reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Sciences of Carbon Materials is the property of Digitalia, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - BURCHELL, Timothy D.
KW  - MARSH, Harry
KW  - RODRIGUEZ-Reinoso, F., 1941-
KW  - SCIENCES of Carbon Materials (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 43826888; Burchell, Timothy D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6088, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2000, p117; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Reviews & Products: SCIENCES of Carbon Materials (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; People: BURCHELL, Timothy D.; People: MARSH, Harry; People: RODRIGUEZ-Reinoso, F., 1941-; Number of Pages: 31p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Book Chapter
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chih-Jen Lin
AU  - Moré, Jorge J.
T1  - INCOMPLETE CHOLESKY FACTORIZATIONS WITH LIMITED MEMORY.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 45
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We propose an incomplete Cholesky factorization for the solution of large-scale trust region subproblems and positive definite systems of linear equations. This factorization depends on a parameter p that specifies the amount of additional memory (in multiples of n, the dimension of the problem) that is available; there is no need to specify a drop tolerance. Our numerical results show that the number of conjugate gradient iterations and the computing time are reduced dramatically for small values of p. We also show that in contrast with drop tolerance strategies, the new approach is more stable in terms of number of iterations and memory requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - CONJUGATE gradient methods
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - EQUATIONS -- Numerical solutions
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - FACTORIZATION of operators
KW  - OPERATOR theory
KW  - conjugate gradients
KW  - memory constraints
KW  - optimization
KW  - preconditioners
KW  - sparsity
KW  - trust region
N1  - Accession Number: 24522683; Chih-Jen Lin 1; Email Address: cjlin@sie.ntu.tw Moré, Jorge J. 2; Email Address: more@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipai 106, Taiwan  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: Jan2000, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: CONJUGATE gradient methods; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: EQUATIONS -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: FACTORIZATION of operators; Subject Term: OPERATOR theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: conjugate gradients; Author-Supplied Keyword: memory constraints; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioners; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparsity; Author-Supplied Keyword: trust region; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torres, D. J.
AU  - Coutsias, E. A.
T1  - PSEUDOSPECTRAL SOLUTION OF THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS IN A DISK.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 378
EP  - 403
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - An efficient and accurate algorithm for solving the two-dimensional (2D) incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on a disk with no-slip boundary conditions is described. The vorticity-stream function formulation of these equations is used, and spatially the vorticity and stream functions are expressed as Fourier-Chebyshev expansions. The Poisson and Helmholtz equations which arise from the implicit-explicit time marching scheme are solved as banded systems using a postconditioned spectral τ-method. The polar coordinate singularity is handled by expanding fields radially over the entire diameter using a parity modified Chebyshev series and building partial regularity into the vorticity. The no-slip boundary condition is enforced by transferring one of the two boundary conditions imposed on the stream function onto the vorticity via a solvability constraint. Significant gains in run times were realized by parallelizing the code in message passage interface (MPI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL operators
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - FOURIER integral operators
KW  - POISSON'S equation
KW  - HELMHOLTZ equation
KW  - coordinate singularity
KW  - parallel
KW  - spectral methods
N1  - Accession Number: 24522685; Torres, D. J. 1; Email Address: dtorres@lanl.gov Coutsias, E. A. 2; Email Address: vageli@math.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Source Info: Jan2000, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p378; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL operators; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: FOURIER integral operators; Subject Term: POISSON'S equation; Subject Term: HELMHOLTZ equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: coordinate singularity; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral methods; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsai, Feng C.
AU  - Apte, Michael G.
AU  - Daisey, Joan M.
T1  - An Exploratory Analysis of the Relationship Between Mortality and the Chemical Composition of Airborne Particulate Matter.
JO  - Inhalation Toxicology
JF  - Inhalation Toxicology
Y1  - 2000/01/03/2000 Supplement 2
VL  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
EP  - 135
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08958378
AB  - We explored relationships between daily mortality and the major sources of airborne particulate matter (PM) using a newly developed approach, Factor Analysis and Poisson Regression (FA/PR). We hypothesized that by adding information on PM chemical speciation and source apportionment to typical PM epidemiological analysis, we could identify PM sources that cause adverse health effects. The FA/PR method was applied to a merged data set of mortality and extensive PM chemical speciation (including trace metals, sulfate, and extractable organic matter) in New Jersey. Statistically significant associations were found between mortality and several of the FA-derived PM sources, including oil burning, industry, sulfate aerosol, and motor vehicles. The FA/PR method provides new insight into potentially important PM sources related to mortality. For the data set we analyzed, the use of FA/PR to integrate multiple chemical species into source-related PM exposure metrics was found to be a more sensitive tool than the traditional approach using PM mass alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inhalation Toxicology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FACTOR analysis
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - PARTICULATE matter
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - AIRBORNE troops
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL effect
N1  - Accession Number: 121039236; Tsai, Feng C. 1 Apte, Michael G. 2 Daisey, Joan M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA and School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: 2000 Supplement 2, Vol. 12, p121; Subject Term: FACTOR analysis; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: PARTICULATE matter; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: AIRBORNE troops; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGICAL effect; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08958378.2000.11463204
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Bruce A.
AU  - Viswanathan, Hari S.
AU  - Valocchi, Albert J.
T1  - Efficient numerical techniques for modeling multicomponent ground-water transport based upon simultaneous solution of strongly coupled subsets of chemical components.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2000/01/11/
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 324
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Enlists efficient numerical techniques for modeling multicomponent ground-water transport based upon simultaneous solution of strongly coupled subsets of chemical components. Method used to represent alternatives to traditional iterative techniques; Specifications of the chemical formulation studied with respect to a purely equilibrium-based selection; Features of the selective coupling method developed for modeling ground-water transport based on a solution of chemical components.
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Groundwater monitoring
KW  - Numerical analysis
KW  - Iterative methods (Mathematics)
KW  - Jacobian matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 12034930; Robinson, Bruce A. 1; Viswanathan, Hari S. 2; Valocchi, Albert J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; Issue Info: 1/11/2000, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p307; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater flow; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Numerical analysis; Subject Term: Iterative methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: Jacobian matrices; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(99)00034-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jacobs, Jennifer M.
AU  - Coulter, Richard L.
AU  - Brutsaert, Wilfried
T1  - Surface heat flux estimation with wind-profiler/RASS and radiosonde observations.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2000/01/11/
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 348
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Estimates surface heat flux with wind-profiler/RASS and radiosonde observations. Development of regional estimates of sensible heat flux; Comparison of calculated sensible heat flux values with regional mean values.
KW  - Terrestrial heat flow
KW  - Radiosondes
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology) -- Radiosonde observations
KW  - Standard deviations
N1  - Accession Number: 12034932; Jacobs, Jennifer M. 1; Coulter, Richard L. 2; Brutsaert, Wilfried 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.; 2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439, USA.; 3: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.; Issue Info: 1/11/2000, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p339; Thesaurus Term: Terrestrial heat flow; Thesaurus Term: Radiosondes; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Subject Term: Heat transfer; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology) -- Radiosonde observations; Subject Term: Standard deviations; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(99)00028-7
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
T1  - Acclimation of photosynthesis and respiration to simulated climatic warming in northern and southern populations of Acer saccharum: laboratory and field evidence.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2000/01/15/
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 96
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Physiological acclimation and genotypic adaptation to prevailing temperatures may influence forest responses to future climatic warming. We examined photosynthetic and respiratory responses of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) from two portions of the species’ range for evidence of both phenomena in a laboratory study with seedlings. A field study was also conducted to assess the impacts of temperature acclimation on saplings subjected to an imposed temperature manipulation (4 °C above ambient temperature). The two seedling populations exhibited more evidence of physiological acclimation to warming than of ecotypic adaptation, although respiration was less sensitive to short-term warming in the southern population than in the northern population. In both seedling populations, thermal compensation increased photosynthesis by 14% and decreased respiration by 10% in the warm-acclimated groups. Saplings growing in open-top field chambers at ambient temperature and 4 °C above ambient temperature showed evidence of temperature acclimation, but photosynthesis did not increase in response to the 4 °C warming. On the contrary, photosynthetic rates measured at the prevailing chamber temperature throughout three growing seasons were similar, or lower (12% lower on average) in saplings maintained at 4 °C above ambient temperature compared with saplings maintained at ambient temperature. However, the long-term photosynthetic temperature optimum for saplings in the field experiment was higher than it was for seedlings in either the 27 or the 31 °C growth chamber. Respiratory acclimation was also evident in the saplings in the field chambers. Saplings had similar rates of respiration in both temperature treatments, and respiration showed little dependence on prevailing temperature during the growing season. We conclude that photosynthesis and respiration in sugar maple have the potential for physiological acclimation to temperature, but exhibit a low degree of genetic adaptation. Some of the potential for acclimation to a 4 °C increase above a background of naturally fluctuating temperatures may be offset by differences in water relations, and, in the long term, may be obscured by the inherent variability in rates under field conditions. Nevertheless, physiologically based models should incorporate seasonal acclimation to temperature and permit ecotypic differences to influence model outcomes for those species with high genetic differentiation between regions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - Acclimatization (Plants)
KW  - Gardening
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Respiration in plants
KW  - Plant ecology
KW  - Sugar maple
KW  - acclimation
KW  - adaptation
KW  - climatic warming
KW  - global change
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - respiration
KW  - sugar maple
N1  - Accession Number: 51808566; Gunderson, Carla A. 1; Norby, Richard J. 1; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008 MS-6422, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Jan2000, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p87; Thesaurus Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Thesaurus Term: Acclimatization (Plants); Thesaurus Term: Gardening; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Respiration in plants; Thesaurus Term: Plant ecology; Subject Term: Sugar maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: acclimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: adaptation; Author-Supplied Keyword: climatic warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: sugar maple; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561730 Landscaping Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amthor, Jeffrey S.
T1  - Direct effect of elevated CO2 on nocturnal in situ leaf respiration in nine temperate deciduous tree species is small.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2000/01/15/
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 144
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Direct (i.e., short-term) effects of elevated CO2 on nocturnal in situ leaf respiration rate were measured in nine deciduous tree species (seven genera) in 20 3.5–4.0-h experiments. During the experiments, CO2 concentration was alternated between 400 and 800 ppm (approximately 40 and 80 Pa of CO2). Data analysis accounted for effects on respiration rate of the normal decline in temperature with time after sunset. The median response to a 40-Pa increase in CO2 was a 1.5% decrease in respiration rate, with responses ranging from a 5.6% inhibition to a 0.4% stimulation. Direct effects of elevated CO2 on respiration were similar among the species. Thus, the response of nocturnal leaf respiration rate to a short-term CO2 increase was small, and of little practical importance to the accuracy of measurements of respiration involving similar changes in CO2 concentration during measurement. These direct respiratory responses of leaves to elevated CO2 would translate into only slight, if any, effects on the carbon balance of temperate deciduous forests in a future atmosphere containing as much as 80 Pa CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biological control systems
KW  - Trees -- Physiology
KW  - Plant species
KW  - Carbon dioxide -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Respiration -- Regulation
KW  - Classification of plants
KW  - Acer
KW  - atmospheric CO2 concentration
KW  - Cercis
KW  - CO2 efflux
KW  - CO2 efflux
KW  - Liquidambar
KW  - Liriodendron
KW  - nighttime respiration
KW  - Prunus
KW  - Quercus
KW  - Ulmus
N1  - Accession Number: 51808562; Amthor, Jeffrey S. 1; Email Address: AmthorJS@ORNL.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Mail Stop 6422, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Jan2000, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p139; Thesaurus Term: Biological control systems; Thesaurus Term: Trees -- Physiology; Thesaurus Term: Plant species; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: Respiration -- Regulation; Subject Term: Classification of plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric CO2 concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cercis; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 efflux; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 efflux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquidambar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liriodendron; Author-Supplied Keyword: nighttime respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prunus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ulmus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hongrui, Gong
AU  - Shiyi, Chen
AU  - Guowei, He
AU  - Nianzhen, Cao
T1  - A second-order dynamic subgrid-scale stress model.
JO  - Applied Mathematics & Mechanics
JF  - Applied Mathematics & Mechanics
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
EP  - 172
SN  - 02534827
AB  - A second-order dynamic model based on the general relation between the subgrid-scale stress and the velocity gradient tensors was proposed. A priori test of the second-order model was made using moderate resolution direct numerical simulation date at high Reynolds number (Taylor microscale Reynolds number Rλ=102–216) for homogeneous, isotropic forced flow, decaying flow, and homogeneous rotating flow. Numerical testing shows that the second-order dynamic model significantly improves the correlation coefficient when compared to the first-order dynamic models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematics & Mechanics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REYNOLDS number
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - DATA modeling
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - EQUATIONS -- Numerical solutions
KW  - dynamic model
KW  - O302
KW  - O357.5
KW  - Smagorinsky model
KW  - subgrid-scale stress model
KW  - turbulent flow
N1  - Accession Number: 51556929; Hongrui, Gong 1; Email Address: hg@lacasa.com Shiyi, Chen 2 Guowei, He 3 Nianzhen, Cao 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Adaptive Systems Application, Inc , 1911 Central 87544 Los Alamos USA  2: Center for Nonlinear Studies , Los Alamos National Laboratory , 87545 Los Alamos USA  3: Loboratory for Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics , Academia Sinica , 100080 Beijing P R china; Source Info: Feb2000, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p165; Subject Term: REYNOLDS number; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: DATA modeling; Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: EQUATIONS -- Numerical solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: O302; Author-Supplied Keyword: O357.5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Smagorinsky model; Author-Supplied Keyword: subgrid-scale stress model; Author-Supplied Keyword: turbulent flow; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF02458516
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Atmospheric CO2 and Ecosystem Feedback Between C and N Cycles: Synthesis of an Integrated Experiment.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
SN  - 10510761
AB  - An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various articles within the issue on topics including atmospheric CO2 of carbon and nitrogen cycles, gas exchange phenomena in plants, and impact of soil-N (nitrogen in soil) availability on plant growth.
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Nitrogen cycle
KW  - Nitrogen in soils
KW  - atmospheric CO2
KW  - carbon cycling
KW  - fine root turnover
KW  - global change
KW  - nitrogen cycling
KW  - open-top chambers
KW  - Populus tremuloides
KW  - scale
KW  - soil microorganisms
KW  - tree growth
KW  - trembling aspen
N1  - Accession Number: 112065100; Norby, Richard J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Feb2000, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen cycle; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen in soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: fine root turnover; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: open-top chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populus tremuloides; Author-Supplied Keyword: scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil microorganisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: tree growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: trembling aspen; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0001:ACAEFB]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hongming Wang
AU  - Boisvert, David
AU  - Kyeong Kyu Kim
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Sung-Hou Kim
T1  - Crystal structure of a fibrillarin homologue from Methanococcus jannaschii, a hyperthermophile, at 1.6 Å resolution.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2000/02//2/1/2000
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
EP  - 323
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Fibrillarin is a phylogenetically conserved protein essential for efficient processing of pre-rRNA through its association with a class of small nucleolar RNAs (luring ribosomal biogenesis. The protein is the antigen for the autoimmune disease scleroderma. Here we report the crystal structure of the fibrillarin homologue from Methanococcus jannaschii, a hyperthermophile at 1.6 Å resolution. The structure consists of two domains, with a novel fold in the N-terminal region and a methyltransferase-like domain in the C-terminal region. Mapping temperature-sensitive mutations found in yeast fibrillarin Nop1 to the Methanococcus homologue structure reveals that many of the mutations cluster in the core of the methyltransferase-like domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCLERODERMA (Disease)
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - RIBOSOMES
KW  - AUTOIMMUNE diseases
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - crystal structure
KW  - fibrillarin
KW  - ribosome biogeoesis
KW  - rrna methylatioo
KW  - snorna
N1  - Accession Number: 13004567; Hongming Wang 1,2 Boisvert, David 2 Kyeong Kyu Kim 1,3 Kim, Rosalind 2 Sung-Hou Kim 1,2; Email Address: shkim@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry University of Carolina, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of Carolina, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Molecular Biology, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju 660-701, Korea; Source Info: 2/1/2000, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p317; Subject Term: SCLERODERMA (Disease); Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: RIBOSOMES; Subject Term: AUTOIMMUNE diseases; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: fibrillarin; Author-Supplied Keyword: ribosome biogeoesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: rrna methylatioo; Author-Supplied Keyword: snorna; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/19.3.317
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mccarthy, John F.
AU  - Southworth, George R.
AU  - Ham, Kenneth D.
AU  - Palmer, Jennifer A.
T1  - TIME-INTEGRATED, FLUX-BASED MONITORING USING SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE DEVICES TO ESTIMATE THE CONTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES TO REGIONAL POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL BUDGETS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
EP  - 359
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Passive monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) was employed to evaluate the contribution of point and nonpoint sources to the flux of PCB in a drainage system encompassing three U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) industrial and research facilities in eastern Tennessee, USA. Polychlorinated biphenyls concentrations were highest at outfalls containing process waste from the DOE industrial facilities. The significance of these releases was evaluated by calculating the PCB flux (mass per unit time) at different monitoring locations. The flux was calculated from the timeintegrated estimates of the aqueous concentrations of PCB and estimates of the volumetric flow rates of discharges and receiving streams during the deployment period. The DOE discharges accounted for most of the flux of PCB entering the Clinch River from the DOE drainage areas, but these sources constituted only 10% of the flux in the Clinch River about the DOE sources. Principal components analysis was helpful in attributing sources of PCB. In a stream receiving multiple inputs of PCB, congener profiles from upstream sources and discrete discharges were consistent with a mixture of those congener profiles in the downstream receiving water. In another stream with a single upstream source of PCB, changes in PCB flux and congener profiles suggested an apparent steady-state distribution between dissolved PCB and PCB adsorbed to organic matter on the streambed. The flux of dissolved PCB along different stream reaches reflected changes in the sediment organic content. Subtle alterations in congener profiles moving downstream suggested preferential desorption of less chlorinated congeners and sorption of more highly chlorinated congeners to sediment. Time-integrated, flux-based monitoring can be useful across a range of spatial scales for evaluating the significance of point and nonpoint contaminant sources and can help identify and prioritize feasible... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - DRAINAGE
KW  - ELECTRON-stimulated desorption
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - Budget
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Principle components analysis
KW  - Semipermeable membrane devices
KW  - Surface water
N1  - Accession Number: 15940246; Mccarthy, John F. 1; Email Address: mccarthyjf@ornl.gov Southworth, George R. 1 Ham, Kenneth D. 2 Palmer, Jennifer A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA  2: Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 201 North Pearl Street, Ellensburg, Washington 98926, USA; Source Info: Feb2000, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p352; Subject Term: POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Subject Term: DRAINAGE; Subject Term: ELECTRON-stimulated desorption; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Budget; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polychlorinated biphenyls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principle components analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semipermeable membrane devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface water; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becker, P.
AU  - Meinzer, F. C.
AU  - Wullschleger, S. D.
T1  - Hydraulic limitation of tree height: a critique.
JO  - Functional Ecology
JF  - Functional Ecology
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 11
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02698463
AB  - Focuses on the hypothesis that height growth, net primary production and wood production may be constrained by hydraulic properties of tall trees.  Argument that the height of most tree species is more constrained by genetic rather than physical limitations; Factors other than axial resistance controlling water flow in plants.
KW  - Tree growth
KW  - Plant-water relationships
N1  - Accession Number: 5471825; Becker, P. 1; Meinzer, F. C. 2; Wullschleger, S. D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei,; 2: Hawaii Agriculture Research Center, 99–193 Aiea Heights Drive, Suite 300, Aiea, HI 96701–3911, USA, and; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6422, USA; Issue Info: Feb2000, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p4; Thesaurus Term: Tree growth; Thesaurus Term: Plant-water relationships; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2000.00397.x
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wickham, James D.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
T1  - Forest fragmentation as an economic indicator.
JO  - Landscape Ecology
JF  - Landscape Ecology
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 179
SN  - 09212973
AB  - Discusses forest fragmentation as an economic indicator. Quantitative relationship between fragmentation and economic factors; Correlation of the estimates of forest fragmentation with the geographic gradient of urbanization pressure; Correspondence between geographic gradients in land-cover change and urbanization pressure.
KW  - Fragmented landscapes
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Urbanization
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Social indicators
KW  - Economic indicators
N1  - Accession Number: 13986820; Wickham, James D.; O'Neill, Robert V. 1; Jones, K. Bruce 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; 2: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA.; Issue Info: Feb2000, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p171; Thesaurus Term: Fragmented landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Urbanization; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Subject Term: Social indicators; Subject Term: Economic indicators; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naumburg, Elke
AU  - Ellsworth, David S.
T1  - Photosynthetic sunfleck utilization potential of understory saplings growing under elevated CO2 in FACE.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 122
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 174
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - Few studies have evaluated elevated CO2 responses of trees in variable light despite its prevalence in forest understories and its potential importance for sapling survival. We studied two shade-tolerant species (Acer rubrum, Cornus florida) and two shade-intolerant species (Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera) growing in the understory of a Pinus taeda plantation under ambient and ambient+200 ppm CO2 in a free air carbon enrichment (FACE) experiment. Photosynthetic and stomatal responses to artificial changes in light intensity were measured on saplings to determine rates of induction gain under saturating light and induction loss under shade. We expected that growth in elevated CO2 would alter photosynthetic responses to variable light in these understory saplings. The results showed that elevated CO2 caused the expected enhancement in steady-state photosynthesis in both high and low light, but did not affect overall stomatal conductance or rates of induction gain in the four species. Induction loss after relatively short shade periods (<6 min) was slower in trees grown in elevated CO2 than in trees grown in ambient CO2 despite similar decreases in stomatal conductance. As a result leaves grown in elevated CO2 that maintained induction well in shade had higher carbon gain during subsequent light flecks than was expected from steady-state light response measurements. Thus, when frequent sunflecks maintain stomatal conductance and photosynthetic induction during the day, enhancements of long-term carbon gain by elevated CO2 could be underestimated by steady-state photosynthetic measures. With respect to species differences, both a tolerant, A. rubrum, and an intolerant species, L. tulipifera, showed rapid induction gain, but A. rubrum also lost induction rapidly (c. 12 min) in shade. These results, as well as those from independent studies in the literature, show that induction dynamics are not closely related to species shade tolerance. Therefore, it cannot be concluded that shade-tolerant species necessarily induce faster in the variable light conditions common in understories. Although our study is the first to examine dynamic photosynthetic responses to variable light in contrasting species in elevated CO2, studies on ecologically diverse species will be required to establish whether shade-tolerant and -intolerant species show different photosynthetic responses in elevated CO2 during sunflecks. We conclude that elevated CO2 affects dynamic gas exchange most strongly via photosynthetic enhancement during induction as well as in the steady state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Photobiology
KW  - Understory plants
KW  - Trees
KW  - Elevated CO2
KW  - Photosynthetic induction
KW  - Shade tolerance
KW  - Stomatal conductance
KW  - Understory trees
N1  - Accession Number: 15686789; Naumburg, Elke 1; Email Address: elke.naumburg@duke.edu; Ellsworth, David S. 2; Affiliations: 1: School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0328, USA; 2: Environmental Biology and Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Issue Info: Feb2000, Vol. 122 Issue 2, p163; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Photobiology; Thesaurus Term: Understory plants; Thesaurus Term: Trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elevated CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosynthetic induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shade tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Understory trees; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Scott A.
AU  - Vavasis, Stephen A.
T1  - QUALITY MESH GENERATION IN HIGHER DIMENSIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 2000/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1334
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - We consider the problem of triangulating a d-dimensional region. Our mesh generation algorithm, called QMG, is a quadtree-based algorithm that can triangulate any polyhedral region including non-convex regions with holes. Furthermore, our algorithm guarantees a bounded aspect ratio triangulation provided that the input domain itself has no sharp angles. Finally, our algorithm is guaranteed never to over-refine the domain, in the sense that the number of simplices produced by QMG is bounded above by a factor times the number produced by any competing algorithm, where the factor depends on the aspect ratio bound satisfied by the competing algorithm. The QMG algorithm has been implemented in C++ and is used as a mesh generator for the finite element method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - ALGOL (Computer program language)
KW  - C++ (Computer program language)
KW  - FINITE element method -- Data processing
KW  - aspect ratio
KW  - mesh generation
KW  - polyhedron
KW  - tetrahedra
KW  - triangulation
N1  - Accession Number: 10699146; Mitchell, Scott A. 1; Email Address: samitch@sandia.gov Vavasis, Stephen A. 2; Email Address: vavasis@cs.cornell.edu; Affiliation:  1: Computational Mechanics and Visualization Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albu-querque.  2: Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca.; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p1334; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: ALGOL (Computer program language); Subject Term: C++ (Computer program language); Subject Term: FINITE element method -- Data processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: aspect ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: polyhedron; Author-Supplied Keyword: tetrahedra; Author-Supplied Keyword: triangulation; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - Szecsody, Jim E.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Ball, William P.
T1  - Use of the generalized integral transform method for solving equations of solute transport in porous media.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2000/02/20/
VL  - 23
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
EP  - 492
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Presents an application of generalized integral transform technique to solve one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation in heterogeneous porous media coupled with either linear or nonlinear sorption and decay. Application of derived analytical solutions; Examples with linear sorption and decay that demonstrates application of derived analytical solutions.
KW  - Diffusion in hydrology
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Geology
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Inhomogeneous materials
N1  - Accession Number: 12017235; Liu, Chongxuan 1; Szecsody, Jim E. 1; Zachara, John M. 1; Ball, William P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.; 2: Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.; Issue Info: 2/20/2000, Vol. 23 Issue 5, p483; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion in hydrology; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Geology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Subject Term: Porous materials; Subject Term: Inhomogeneous materials; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(99)00048-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joshi, Hemalata M.
AU  - Tabita, F. Robert
T1  - Induction of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase to facilitate redox balancing in a ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase-deficient mutant strain of Rhodospirillum rubrum.
JO  - Archives of Microbiology
JF  - Archives of Microbiology
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 173
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 199
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 03028933
AB  - A ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase-deficient mutant strain (strain I-19) of Rhodospirillum rubrum was capable of growth under photoheterotrophic conditions in the absence of exogenous electron acceptors. These results suggested that alternative means of removing reducing equivalents have been acquired that allow this strain to remove reducing equivalents in the absence of a functional Calvin-Benson-Bassham reductive pentose phosphate pathway. Previously, the proton-reducing activity of the dinitrogenase complex was implicated in helping to maintain redox balance . However, since considerable amounts of CO2 were still fixed in this strain, the complete profile of enzymes involved in alternative CO2 fixation schemes was assessed. A specific and substantial induction of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CO dehydrogenase) synthesis was found in the mutant strain; although none of the other CO2 fixation pathways or enzyme activities were altered. These results suggested that CO dehydrogenase contributes to the photoheterotrophic success of strain I-19. Furthermore, the data implicate interacting and complex regulatory processes required to maintain the proper redox balance of this organism and other nonsulfur purple bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Microbiology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Rhodospirillum rubrum
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Poisonous gases
KW  - Oxidation-reduction reaction
KW  - Rhodospirillum
KW  - Oxygenases
KW  - Oxidoreductases
KW  - Dehydrogenases
KW  - 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
KW  - Calvin­Benson­Bassham reductive pentose phosphate pathway
KW  - Calvin-Benson-Bassham reductive pentose phosphate pathway
KW  - Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase
KW  - CO2 fixation
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Ribulose 1
KW  - Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
N1  - Accession Number: 15731241; Joshi, Hemalata M. 1,2; Tabita, F. Robert 1; Email Address: tabita.l@osu.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Microbiology and The Plant Biotechnology Center, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210-1292, USA; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, IL 60439 USA; Issue Info: Mar2000, Vol. 173 Issue 3, p193; Thesaurus Term: Rhodospirillum rubrum; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Thesaurus Term: Poisonous gases; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation-reduction reaction; Thesaurus Term: Rhodospirillum; Subject Term: Oxygenases; Subject Term: Oxidoreductases; Subject Term: Dehydrogenases; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calvin­Benson­Bassham reductive pentose phosphate pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calvin-Benson-Bassham reductive pentose phosphate pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 fixation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ribulose 1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002039900128
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Min-Huei
AU  - Sheng, Jinsong
AU  - Hind, Geoffrey
AU  - Handa, Avtar K.
AU  - Citovsky, Vitaly
T1  - Interaction between the tobacco mosaic virus movement protein and host cell pectin methylesterases is required for viral cell-to-cell movement.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2000/03//3/1/2000
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
EP  - 920
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Virus-encoded movement protein (MP) mediates cell-to-cell spread of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) through plant intercellular connections, the plasmodesmata. The molecular pathway by which TMV MP interacts with the host cell is largely unknown. To understand this process better, a cell wall-associated protein that specifically binds the viral MP was purified from tobacco leaf cell walls and identified as pectin methylestorase (PME). In addition to TMV MP, PME is recognized by MPs of turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV) and cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV). The use of amino acid deletion mutants of TMV MP showed that its domain was necessary and sufficient for association with PME. Deletion of the PME-binding region resulted in inactivation of TMV cell-to-cell movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOBACCO mosaic virus
KW  - PLANT viruses
KW  - PLASMODESMATA
KW  - CELL interaction (Biology)
KW  - VIRAL proteins
KW  - TOBACCO
KW  - movement proteins
KW  - pectin methylesterases
KW  - plant viruses
KW  - plasmodesmata
KW  - tobacco
N1  - Accession Number: 13004630; Chen, Min-Huei 1 Sheng, Jinsong 1 Hind, Geoffrey 2 Handa, Avtar K. 3 Citovsky, Vitaly 1; Email Address: vitaly.citovsky@sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  3: Department of Horticulture, 1165 Horticulture Building, Purdue University, West Lafayete, IN 47907-1165, USA; Source Info: 3/1/2000, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p913; Subject Term: TOBACCO mosaic virus; Subject Term: PLANT viruses; Subject Term: PLASMODESMATA; Subject Term: CELL interaction (Biology); Subject Term: VIRAL proteins; Subject Term: TOBACCO; Author-Supplied Keyword: movement proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: pectin methylesterases; Author-Supplied Keyword: plant viruses; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasmodesmata; Author-Supplied Keyword: tobacco; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111910 Tobacco Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424940 Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453991 Tobacco Stores; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/19.5.913
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Post, W. M.
AU  - Kwon, K. C.
T1  - Soil carbon sequestration and land-use change: processes and potential.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
EP  - 327
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryWhen agricultural land is no longer used for cultivation and allowed to revert to natural vegetation or replanted to perennial vegetation, soil organic carbon can accumulate. This accumulation process essentially reverses some of the effects responsible for soil organic carbon losses from when the land was converted from perennial vegetation. We discuss the essential elements of what is known about soil organic matter dynamics that may result in enhanced soil carbon sequestration with changes in land-use and soil management. We review literature that reports changes in soil organic carbon after changes in land-use that favour carbon accumulation. This data summary provides a guide to approximate rates of SOC sequestration that are possible with management, and indicates the relative importance of some factors that influence the rates of organic carbon sequestration in soil. There is a large variation in the length of time for and the rate at which carbon may accumulate in soil, related to the productivity of the recovering vegetation, physical and biological conditions in the soil, and the past history of soil organic carbon inputs and physical disturbance. Maximum rates of C accumulation during the early aggrading stage of perennial vegetation growth, while substantial, are usually much less than 100 g C m-2 y-1. Average rates of accumulation are similar for forest or grassland establishment: 33.8 g C m-2 y-1 and 33.2 g C m-2 y-1, respectively. These observed rates of soil organic C accumulation, when combined with the small amount of land area involved, are insufficient to account for a significant fraction of the missing C in the global carbon cycle as accumulating in the soils of formerly agricultural land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON sequestration
KW  - LAND use
KW  - HUMUS
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - land-use
KW  - reforestation
KW  - soil carbon
N1  - Accession Number: 5471404; Post, W. M. 1 Kwon, K. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6335, USA,  2: Chemical Engineering Department, Tuskeegee University, Tuskeegee, AL 36088, USA; Source Info: Mar2000, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p317; Subject Term: CARBON sequestration; Subject Term: LAND use; Subject Term: HUMUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: land-use; Author-Supplied Keyword: reforestation; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil carbon; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00308.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunter, Lee E.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Genetic variation and spatial structure in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and implications for predicted global-scale environmental change.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 344
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryCurrent ecosystem model predictions concerning the effects of global temperature increase on forest responses do not account for factors influencing long-term evolutionary dynamics of natural populations. Population structure and genetic variability may represent important factors in a species' ability to adapt to global-scale environmental change without experiencing major alterations in current range limits. Genetic variation and structure in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were examined across three regions, between two stands within regions, and among four to five open-pollinated families within stands (total N = 547 genotypes) using 58 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Differences within open-pollinated families account for the largest portion of the total variation (29%), while differences among regions represent less than 2% of the total variation. Genetic diversity, as indicated by estimates of percent polymorphic loci, expected heterozygosity, fixation coefficients, and genetic distance, is greatest in the southern region, which consists of populations with the maximum potential risk due to climate change effects. The high level of genetic similarity (greater than 90%) among some genotypes suggests that gene flow is occurring among regions, stands, and families. High levels of genetic variation among families indicate that vegetational models designed to predict species' response to global-scale environmental change may need to consider the degree and hierarchical structure of genetic variation when making large-scale inferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUGAR maple
KW  - PLANT genetics
KW  - gene flow
KW  - genetic variation
KW  - global warming
KW  - population structure
KW  - RAPDs
KW  - sugar maple
N1  - Accession Number: 5471401; Gunter, Lee E. 1 Tuskan, Gerald A. 1 Gunderson, Carla A. 1 Norby, Richard J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA; Source Info: Mar2000, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p335; Subject Term: SUGAR maple; Subject Term: PLANT genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: genetic variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: population structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAPDs; Author-Supplied Keyword: sugar maple; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00313.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chamberlain, Bradford L.
AU  - Sung-Eun Choi
AU  - Lewis, E. Christopher
AU  - Lin, Calvin
AU  - Snyder, Lawrence
AU  - Weathersby, W. Derrick
T1  - ZPL: A Machine Independent Programming Language for Parallel Computers.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 211
SN  - 00985589
AB  - The goal of producing architecture-independent parallel programs is complicated by the competing need for high performance. The ZPL programming language achieves both goals by building upon an abstract parallel machine and by providing programming constructs that allow the programmer to "see" this underlying machine. This paper describes ZPL and provides a comprehensive evaluation of the language with respect to its goals of performance portability, and programming convenience. In particular we describe ZPL's machine-independent performance model, describe the programming benefits of ZPL's region-based constructs, summarize the compilation benefits of the language's high-level semantics, and summarize empirical evidence that ZPL has achieved both high performance and portability on diverse machines such as the IBM SP-2, Cray T3E, and SGI Power Challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZPL (Computer program language)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - SEMANTICS
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - efficient
KW  - parallel programming language.
KW  - Portable
N1  - Accession Number: 11942811; Chamberlain, Bradford L. 1; Email Address: brad@cs.washington.edu Sung-Eun Choi 2; Email Address: sungeun@lanl.gov Lewis, E. Christopher 1; Email Address: echris@cs.washington.edu Lin, Calvin 3; Email Address: lin@cs.utexas.edu Snyder, Lawrence 1; Email Address: snyder@cs.washington.edu Weathersby, W. Derrick 4; Email Address: derrick.weathersby@metriscompanies.com; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195-2350.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Advanced Computing  Laboratory, PO Box 1663, MS B287, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  3: University of Texas, Department of Computer Sciences, Taylor 2.124, Austin, TX 78712.  4: Metris Companies, 2202 Fox Drive, Champaign, IL 61820.; Source Info: Mar2000, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p197; Subject Term: ZPL (Computer program language); Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: SEMANTICS; Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: efficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel programming language.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Portable; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lacks, Sanford A.
AU  - Ayalew, Sahlu
AU  - de la Campa, Adela G.
AU  - Greenberg, Bill
T1  - Regulation of competence for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae: expression of dpnA, a late competence gene encoding a DNA methyltransferase of the DpnII restriction system.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1089
EP  - 1098
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - The chromosomal DpnII gene cassette of Streptococcus pneumoniae encodes two methyltransferases and an endonuclease. One methyltransferase acts on double-stranded and the other on single-stranded DNA. Two mRNAs are transcribed from the cassette. One, a SigA promoter transcript, includes all three genes; the other includes a truncated form of the second methyltransferase gene (dpnA) and the endonuclease gene. The truncated dpnA, which is translated from the second start codon in the full gene, was shown to produce active enzyme. A promoter reporter plasmid for S. pneumoniae was devised to characterize the promoter for the second mRNA. This transcript was found to depend on a promoter that responded to the induction of competence for genetic transformation. The promoter contains the combox sequence recognized by a SigH-containing RNA polymerase. As part of the competence regulon, the dpnA gene makes a product able to methylate incoming plasmid strands to protect them from the endonuclease and allow plasmid establishment. Its function differs from most genes in the regulon, which are involved in DNA uptake. Comparison of R6 and Rx strains of S. pneumoniae showed the temperature dependence of transformation in R6 to result from temperature sensitivity of the uptake apparatus and not the development of competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bacterial genetics
KW  - Streptococcus pneumoniae
KW  - Methyltransferases
KW  - Endonucleases
KW  - Microbial enzymes
N1  - Accession Number: 5519672; Lacks, Sanford A.; Ayalew, Sahlu; de la Campa, Adela G.; Greenberg, Bill 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Issue Info: Mar2000, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p1089; Thesaurus Term: Bacterial genetics; Subject Term: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Subject Term: Methyltransferases; Subject Term: Endonucleases; Subject Term: Microbial enzymes; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01777.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
AU  - Menke, John W.
AU  - Pavlik, Bruce M.
T1  - Reducing Competitive Suppression of a Rare Annual Forb by Restoring Native California Perennial Grasslands.
JO  - Restoration Ecology
JF  - Restoration Ecology
Y1  - 2000/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 29
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10612971
AB  - AbstractPopulations of the rare annual forb Amsinckia grandiflora may be declining because of competitive suppression by exotic annual grasses, and may perform better in a matrix of native perennial bunchgrasses. We conducted a field competition experiment in which Amsinckia seedlings were transplanted into forty 0.64-m2 experimental plots of exotic annual grassland or restored perennial grassland. The perennial grassland plots were restored using mature 3 cm-diameter plants of the native perennial bunchgrass Poa secunda planted in three densities. The exotic annual grassland plots were established in four densities through manual removal of existing plants. Both grass types reduced soil water potential with increasing biomass, but this reduction was not significantly different between grass types. Both grass types significantly reduced the production of Amsinckia inflorescences. At low and intermediate densities (dry biomass per unit area of 20–80 g/m2), the exotic annual grasses reduced Amsinckia inflorescence number to a greater extent than did Poa, although at high densities (>90 g/m2) both grass types reduced the number of Amsinckia inflorescences to the same extent. The response of Amsinckia inflorescence number to Poa biomass was linear, whereas the same response to the annual grass biomass is logarithmic, and appeared to be related to graminoid cover. This may be because of the different growth forms exhibited by the two grass types. Results of this research suggest that restored native perennial grasslands at intermediate densities have a high habitat value for the potential establishment of the native annual A. grandiflora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Restoration Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANGE plants
KW  - GRASSLANDS
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Amsinckia grandiflora, Poa secunda, rare plants, native plants, exotic plants, interspecific plant competition, light competition, water competition, grassland restoration
N1  - Accession Number: 5903678; Carlsen, Tina M. 1 Menke, John W. 2 Pavlik, Bruce M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Restoration Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, U.S.A.  2: Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.  3: Department of Biology, Mills College, Oakland, CA 94613, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2000, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: RANGE plants; Subject Term: GRASSLANDS; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amsinckia grandiflora, Poa secunda, rare plants, native plants, exotic plants, interspecific plant competition, light competition, water competition, grassland restoration; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 6 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1526-100X.2000.80004.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karpinski, L.
AU  - Paduch, M.
AU  - Scholz, M.
AU  - Tomaszewski, K.
AU  - Szydłowski, A.
AU  - Pikuz, S.
AU  - Romanova, V.
AU  - Faenov, A.
AU  - Abdallah, J.
AU  - Clark, R.
T1  - “Hot electrons” influence on argon K-spectrum emitted from Plasma Focus discharges.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2000/03/02/Mar2000 Supplement
VL  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
EP  - 120
SN  - 00114626
AB  - New results of spectroscopical investigation of Plasma Focus discharges performed on the PF-1000 facility (IPPiLM, Warsaw) are presented. Two-dimensional space resolved K-sheel spectra of argon were registered using a mica crystal spectrometer of FSSR-2D type. The important role of the electron beam in forming of these spectra is shown. A modeling of the spectra by the collisional-radiative theory with inclusion of a non-Maxwellian component of the electron energy distribution explained quite well the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50178844; Karpinski, L. 1 Paduch, M. 1 Scholz, M. 1 Tomaszewski, K. 1 Szydłowski, A. 2 Pikuz, S. 3 Romanova, V. 3 Faenov, A. 4 Abdallah, J. 5 Clark, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion , Warsaw Poland  2: Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies , 05-4000 Swierk n. Warsaw Poland  3: P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute , 117924 Moscow Russia  4: NPO VNIFTRI Mendeleevo , Moscow Region Russia  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory , 87545 Los Alamos USA; Source Info: Mar2000 Supplement, Vol. 50, p113; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/BF03165866
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vanderberg, L. A.
AU  - Krieger-Grumbine, R.
AU  - Taylor, M. N.
T1  - Evidence for diverse oxidations in the catabolism of toluene by Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain OFS.
JO  - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
JF  - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 452
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01757598
AB  - Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain OFS grew on toluene as a sole source of carbon and energy with a maximum growth rate of 0.011 h-1. Initial reaction products were extracted, derivatized and identified by GC-MS. Oxygen consumption studies indicated that OFS grown on an aliphatic substrate required an induction period before oxidizing toluene. OFS grown on toluene transformed an array of aromatic ground water pollutants including styrene, ethylbenzene and chlorobenzene. Products of these transformations were identified. The sole product of chlorobenzene biotransformation was 4-chlorophenol. Products from toluene oxidation included 3- and 4-methylcatechol as well as benzyl alcohol, p-cresol and cis-toluene dihydrodiol. The identification of these and the products of other aromatic substrate conversions affirm that oxidation occurred on the functional group as well as directly on the aromatic nucleus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Toluene
KW  - Aromatic compounds
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Biotransformation (Metabolism)
N1  - Accession Number: 15680503; Vanderberg, L. A. 1; Email Address: lvanderberg@lanl.gov; Krieger-Grumbine, R. 1; Taylor, M. N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biosciences Division, B-South, Mailstop E-529, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Apr2000, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p447; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Toluene; Thesaurus Term: Aromatic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Biotransformation (Metabolism); NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, Chun-Ta
AU  - Katul, Gabriel
AU  - Ellsworth, David
AU  - Oren, Ram
T1  - Modelling Vegetation-Atmosphere Co2 Exchange By A Coupled Eulerian-Langrangian Approach.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 122
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - A Eulerian-Lagrangian canopy microclimate model was developed with the aim of discerning physical from biophysical controls of CO2 and H2O fluxes. The model couples radiation attenuation with mass, energy, and momentum exchange at different canopy levels. A unique feature of the model is its ability to combine higher order Eulerian closure approaches that compute velocity statistics with Lagrangian scalar dispersion approaches within the canopy volume. Explicit accounting for within-canopy CO2, H2O, and heat storage is resolved by considering non-steadiness in mean scalar concentration and temperature. A seven-day experiment was conducted in August 1998 to investigate whether the proposed model can reproduce temporal evolution of scalar (CO2, H2O and heat) fluxes, sources and sinks, and concentration profiles within and above a uniform 15-year old pine forest. The model reproduced well the measured depth-averaged canopy surface temperature, CO2 and H2O concentration profiles within the canopy volume, CO2 storage flux, net radiation above the canopy, and heat and mass fluxes above the canopy, as well as the velocity statistics near the canopy-atmosphere interface. Implications for scaling measured leaf-level biophysical functions to ecosystem scale are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Vegetation & climate
KW  - Plant-atmosphere relationships
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Lagrange equations
KW  - Stochastic processes
KW  - Canopy photosynthesis
KW  - Canopy turbulence
KW  - Lagrangian stochastic model
KW  - Radiation attenuation
KW  - Turbulence closure
N1  - Accession Number: 15606387; Lai, Chun-Ta 1; Email Address: Cl9@duke.edu; Katul, Gabriel 1; Ellsworth, David 1,2; Oren, Ram 1; Affiliations: 1: School of the Environment, Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0328, U.S.A.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Apr2000, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p91; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation & climate; Thesaurus Term: Plant-atmosphere relationships; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Subject Term: Lagrange equations; Subject Term: Stochastic processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canopy photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canopy turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lagrangian stochastic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation attenuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence closure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Etnier, Elizabeth L.
AU  - King, Joseph F.
AU  - Watson, Annetta P.
T1  - Chemical Warfare Materiel: Unique Regulatory Issues.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 356
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - ABSTRACT / The US Army manages an extensive program of environmental restoration that is carried out primarily under authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), which establishes response authority for cleanup of inactive waste sites. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulates the management and cleanup of hazardous materials at active hazardous waste facilities. Based on the definitions found in these acts, and corresponding promulgated regulations, environmental media contaminated with chemical warfare materiel (CWM) can be regulated as CERCLA “pollutants or contaminants” but do not appear to be regulated either as CERCLA hazardous substances or RCRA hazardous wastes. In those states that have not included CWM as hazardous materials in their RCRA programs, the RCRA requirements for management of hazardous waste would not strictly apply to any of the CWM. The Army has historically implemented procedures requiring that chemical warfare agents be managed as RCRA hazardous waste regardless of the concentration, physical form, or configuration of the agent. Such application of strict hazardous waste requirements to management of potentially nonhazardous CWM can result in remedial costs well out of proportion to potential human health and environmental benefits. Recent development of chronic toxicity values for the CWM has opened the door for development of cleanup and waste management standards for waste streams or media containing small residual amounts of CWM. Implementation of this health-based approach to management of CWM remediation wastes may, in part, help to reduce potentially unnecessary hazardous waste management costs for the nonhazardous CWM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemical warfare
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Hazardous substances
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Armies
KW  - and Liability Act
KW  - and Liability Act; Health-based cleanup; Restoration
KW  - Chemical warfare materiel
KW  - Chemical warfare materiel; Environmental media; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; Comprehensive Environmental Response
KW  - Compensation
KW  - Comprehensive Environmental Response
KW  - Environmental media
KW  - Health-based cleanup
KW  - Resource Conservation & Recovery Act
KW  - Restoration
N1  - Accession Number: 15312628; Etnier, Elizabeth L. 1; King, Joseph F. 2; Watson, Annetta P. 3; Affiliations: 1: 1405 Whitower Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37919, USA.; 2: U.S. Army Environmental Center, ATTN: SFIM-AEC-IR-P, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5401, USA.; 3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6480, USA.; Issue Info: Apr2000, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p347; Thesaurus Term: Chemical warfare; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substances; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Armies; Author-Supplied Keyword: and Liability Act; Author-Supplied Keyword: and Liability Act; Health-based cleanup; Restoration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare materiel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare materiel; Environmental media; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; Comprehensive Environmental Response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Comprehensive Environmental Response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Health-based cleanup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resource Conservation & Recovery Act; Author-Supplied Keyword: Restoration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002679910027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoop, Maarten V. De
AU  - Gautesen, A. K.
T1  - UNIFORM ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION OF THE GENERALIZED BREMMER SERIES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1302
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - The Bremmer coupling series solution of the wave equation, in generally inhomogeneous media, requires the introduction of pseudodifferential operators. In this paper, in two dimensions, uniform asymptotic expansions of the Schwartz kernels of these operators are derived. Also, we derive a uniform asymptotic expansion of the one-way propagator appearing in the series. We focus on designing closed-form representations, valid in the high-frequency limit, taking into account critical scattering-angle phenomena. Our expansion is not limited by propagation angle. In principle, the uniform asymptotic expansion of a kernel follows by matching its asymptotic behaviors away from and near its diagonal. The Bremmer series solver consists of three steps: directional decomposition into up- and downgoing waves, one-way propagation, and interaction of the counter- propagating constituents. Each of these steps is represented here by a kernel for which a uniform asymptotic expansion is found. The associated algorithm provides a fundamental improvement of the parabolic-equation and phase-shift/phase-screen style methods applied in ocean acoustics, integrated optics, and exploration seismology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - ASYMPTOTES
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
KW  - Bremmer series
KW  - uniform asymptotics
KW  - wavefield decomposition
N1  - Accession Number: 11290489; Hoop, Maarten V. De 1; Email Address: mdehoop@Mines.EDU Gautesen, A. K. 2; Email Address: gautesen@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Wave Phenomena and Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401-1887.  2: Applied Mathematical Sciences, Ames Laboratory and Department of Mathematics,  Iowa State University, Ames,  IA 50011-3020.; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p1302; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTES; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bremmer series; Author-Supplied Keyword: uniform asymptotics; Author-Supplied Keyword: wavefield decomposition; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knupp, Patrick M.
AU  - Robidoux, Nicolas
T1  - A FRAMEWORK FOR VARIATIONAL GRID GENERATION: CONDITIONING THE JACOBIAN MATRIX WITH MATRIX NORMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2029
EP  - 2047
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Functionals for variational grid generation, in which the Jacobian matrix and matrix norms play a central role, are presented. All first-order geometric qualities of a structured grid (length, area, volume, angle between sides, aspect ratio, grid alignment) are determined by the Jacobian matrix of the induced mapping between the logical and physical regions. Grids with desirable quality can be generated by requiring the Jacobian matrix or the corresponding metric tensor to have certain properties. Functionals can be obtained by integrating over the logical or physical domain a power of the norm of a matrix derived from the Jacobian matrix. A judicious choice of this derived matrix results in a functional whose minima are mappings with desired features. Many well-known grid generators fit in this framework; for example, the harmonic generator arises when one drives the metric tensor toward the identity. The framework provides insight into what grid qualities these functionals describe. Three new directional control functionals are proposed and tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - CALCULUS of variations
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - JACOBIAN matrices
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - grid generation
KW  - jacobian matrix
KW  - matrix norms
KW  - metric tensor
KW  - variational grid generation
N1  - Accession Number: 13204842; Knupp, Patrick M. 1; Email Address: pknupp@sandia.gov Robidoux, Nicolas 2; Email Address: n.robidoux@massey.ac.nz; Affiliation:  1: Parallel Computing Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, M/S 0847, P.O. Box 5800, Albaquerque, NM 57185-0847  2: Mathematics Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p2029; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: CALCULUS of variations; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: JACOBIAN matrices; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: grid generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: jacobian matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: matrix norms; Author-Supplied Keyword: metric tensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: variational grid generation; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
AU  - Kolda, Tamara G.
T1  - PARTITIONING RECTANGULAR AND STRUCTURALLY UNSYMMETRIC SPARSE MATRICES FOR PARALLEL PROCESSING.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2048
EP  - 2072
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - A common operation in scientific computing is the multiplication of a sparse, rectangular, or structurally unsymmetric matrix and a vector. In many applications the matrix-transpose-vector product is also required. This paper addresses the efficient parallelization of these operations. We show that the problem can be expressed in terms of partitioning bipartite graphs. We then introduce several algorithms for this partitioning problem and compare their performance on a set of test matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - LINEAR differential equations
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - bipartite graph
KW  - iterative method
KW  - matrix partitioning
KW  - parallel computing
KW  - rectangular matrix
KW  - structurally unsymmetric matrix
N1  - Accession Number: 13204845; Hendrickson, Bruce 1; Email Address: bah@cs.sandia.gov Kolda, Tamara G. 2; Email Address: tgkolda@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Parallel Computing Sciences Dept., Sandia National Laboratories, Albaquerque, NM 87185-1110  2: Computational Sciences and Mathematics Research Dept., Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-9217; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p2048; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: LINEAR differential equations; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: bipartite graph; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative method; Author-Supplied Keyword: matrix partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: rectangular matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: structurally unsymmetric matrix; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glimm, James
AU  - Grove, John W.
AU  - Li, X. L.
AU  - Tan, D. C.
T1  - ROBUST COMPUTATIONAL ALGORITHMS FOR DYNAMIC INTERFACE TRACKING IN THREE DIMENSIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2240
EP  - 2256
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Front tracking provides sharp resolution of wave fronts through the active tracking of interfaces between distinct materials. A major challenge to this method is to handle changes in the interface topology. We describe two algorithms, implemented in the front tracking code FronTier, to model dynamic changes in three-dimensional interfaces. The two methods can be combined to give a hybrid method that is superior to each individual method. The success of these algorithms is shown by simulations of Rayleigh­Taylor instability, which is an interfacial instability driven by an acceleration directed across a material interface. Our numerical results are validated by comparing the numerical computation of the velocity of a single rising bubble with an analytic model for the bubble velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEVEL set methods
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences) -- Mathematics
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - front tracking
KW  - frontier
KW  - interface
KW  - rayleigh­taylor
N1  - Accession Number: 13204848; Glimm, James 1; Email Address: glimm@ams.sunysb.edu Grove, John W. 2; Email Address: jgrove@lanl.gov Li, X. L. 1; Email Address: linli@ams.sunysb.edu Tan, D. C. 1; Email Address: dtan@ams.sunyb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600  2: Hydrodynamics Methods Group, Applied Theoretical and Computional Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p2240; Subject Term: LEVEL set methods; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences) -- Mathematics; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: front tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: frontier; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: rayleigh­taylor; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simon, Horst D.
AU  - Hongyuan Zha
T1  - LOW-RANK MATRIX APPROXIMATION USING THE LANCZOS BIDIAGONALIZATION PROCESS WITH APPLICATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2257
EP  - 2274
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Low-rank approximation of large and/or sparse matrices is important in many applications, and the singular value decomposition (SVD) gives the best low-rank approximations with respect to unitarily-invariant norms. In this paper we show that good low-rank approximations can be directly obtained from the Lanczos bidiagonalization process applied to the given matrix without computing any SVD. We also demonstrate that a so-called one-sided reorthogonalization process can be used to maintain an adequate level of orthogonality among the Lanczos vectors and produce accurate low-rank approximations. This technique reduces the computational cost of the Lanczos bidiagonalization process. We illustrate the efficiency and applicability of our algorithm using numerical examples from several applications areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - lanczos algorithms
KW  - low-rank approximation
KW  - singular value decomposition
KW  - space matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 13204880; Simon, Horst D. 1; Email Address: zha@cse.psu.edu Hongyuan Zha 2; Email Address: hdsimon@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 307 Pond Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802-6103; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p2257; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: lanczos algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: low-rank approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular value decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: space matrices; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ellsworth, David S.
T1  - Seasonal CO2 assimilation and stomatal limitations in a Pinus taeda canopy.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2000/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
EP  - 445
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Net CO2 assimilation (Anet) of canopy leaves is the principal process governing carbon storage from the atmosphere in forests, but it has rarely been measured over multiple seasons and multiple years. I measured midday Anet in the upper canopy of maturing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees in the piedmont region of the southeastern USA on 146 sunny days over 36 months. Concurrent data for leaf conductance and photosynthetic CO2 response curves (Anet–Ci curves) were used to estimate the relative importance of stomatal limitations to CO2 assimilation in the field. In fully expanded current-year and 1-year-old needles, midday light-saturated Anet was constant over much of the growing season (5–6 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1), except during drought periods. During the winter season (November–March), midday Anet of overwintering needles varied in proportion to leaf temperature. Net CO2 assimilation at light saturation occurred when daytime air temperatures exceeded 5–6 °C, as happened on more than 90% of the sunny winter days. In both age classes of foliage, winter carbon assimilation accounted for approximately 15% of the daily carbon assimilation on sunny days throughout the year, and was relatively insensitive to year-to-year differences in temperature during this season. However, strong stomatal limitations to Anet occurred as a result of water stress associated with freezing cycles in winter. During the growing season, drought-induced water stress produced the largest year-to-year differences in seasonal CO2 assimilation on sunny days. Seasonal Anet was more drought sensitive in current-year needles than in 1-year-old needles. Relative stomatal limitations to daily integrated Anet were approximately 40% over the growing season, and summer drought rather than high temperatures had the largest impact on summer Anet and integrated annual CO2 uptake in the upper crown. Despite significant stomatal limitations, a long duration of near-peak Anet in the upper crown, particularly in 1-year-old needles, conferred high seasonal and annual carbon gain. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Leaves -- Physiology
KW  - Droughts -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Carbon dioxide -- Absorption & adsorption
KW  - Plant-atmosphere relationships
KW  - Stomata
KW  - Foliar diagnosis
KW  - annual CO2 assimilation
KW  - annual CO2 assimilation
KW  - canopy carbon gain
KW  - climate variability
KW  - drought
KW  - evergreen photosynthesis
KW  - stomatal conductance
KW  - temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 51808555; Ellsworth, David S. 1; Email Address: ellswort@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Biology and Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Issue Info: Apr2000, Vol. 20 Issue 7, p435; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Leaves -- Physiology; Thesaurus Term: Droughts -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: Carbon dioxide -- Absorption & adsorption; Subject Term: Plant-atmosphere relationships; Subject Term: Stomata; Subject Term: Foliar diagnosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: annual CO2 assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: annual CO2 assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: canopy carbon gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: evergreen photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - King, Anthony W.
T1  - Radial variation in sap velocity as a function of stem diameter and sapwood thickness in yellow-poplar trees.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2000/04/15/
VL  - 20
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
EP  - 518
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Canopy transpiration and forest water use are frequently estimated as the product of sap velocity and cross-sectional sapwood area. Few studies, however, have considered whether radial variation in sap velocity and the proportion of sapwood active in water transport are significant sources of uncertainty in the extrapolation process. Therefore, radial profiles of sap velocity were examined as a function of stem diameter and sapwood thickness for yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) trees growing on two adjacent watersheds in eastern Tennessee. The compensation heat pulse velocity technique was used to quantify sap velocity at four equal-area depths in 20 trees that ranged in stem diameter from 15 to 69 cm, and in sapwood thickness from 2.1 to 14.8 cm. Sap velocity was highly dependent on the depth of probe insertion into the sapwood. Rates of sap velocity were greatest for probes located in the two outer sapwood annuli (P1 and P2) and lowest for probes in closest proximity to the heartwood (P3 and P4). Relative sap velocities averaged 0.98 at P1, 0.66 at P2, 0.41 at P3 and 0.35 at P4. Tree-specific sap velocities measured at each of the four probe positions, divided by the maximum sap velocity measured (usually at P1 or P2), indicated that the fraction of sapwood functional in water transport (fS) varied between 0.49 and 0.96. There was no relationship between fS and sapwood thickness, or between fS and stem diameter. The fraction of functional sapwood averaged 0.66 ± 0.13 for trees on which radial profiles were determined. No significant depth-related differences were observed for sapwood density, which averaged 469 kg m−3 across all four probe positions. There was, however, a significant decline in sapwood water content between the two outer probe positions (1.04 versus 0.89 kg kg−1). This difference was not sufficient to account for the observed radial variation in sap velocity. A Monte-Carlo analysis indicated that the standard error in estimated mean fS declined rapidly with increasing sample size. At n = 10, the coefficient of variation in mean fS was 7% and at n = 15 it was slightly less than 5%. These observations indicate that radial variation in sap velocity is an important, albeit often overlooked, source of uncertainty in the scaling process. Failure to recognize that not all sapwood is functional in water transport will introduce systematic bias into estimates of both tree and stand water use. Future studies should devise sampling strategies for assessing radial variation in sap velocity and such strategies should be used to identify the magnitude of this variation in a range of non-, diffuse- and ring-porous trees. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Transpiration of plants
KW  - Sapwood
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - canopy transpiration
KW  - forest water use
KW  - heat pulse
KW  - Monte-Carlo analysis
KW  - radial profile
KW  - sapwood area
KW  - scaling
N1  - Accession Number: 51808638; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; King, Anthony W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Apr2000, Vol. 20 Issue 8, p511; Thesaurus Term: Transpiration of plants; Subject Term: Sapwood; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; Subject Term: Heat transfer; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: canopy transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest water use; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat pulse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte-Carlo analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: radial profile; Author-Supplied Keyword: sapwood area; Author-Supplied Keyword: scaling; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Barbara R.
AU  - Gilman, Amanda K.
AU  - Cordray, Kimberley
AU  - Woodward, Jonathan
T1  - Mechanism of substrate hydrolysis by a thermophilic endoglucanase from Thermotoga maritima†.
JO  - Biotechnology Letters
JF  - Biotechnology Letters
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
EP  - 740
SN  - 01415492
AB  - A cellulase from the thermophile, Thermotoga maritima, hydrolyzed oligosaccharide substrates by an exoglucanase mode of action but acted as an endoglucanase to rapidly reduce the viscosity of the soluble polysaccharides carboxymethylcellulose and barley β-glucan. The Vmax for hydrolysis of the substrate, p-nitrophenyl β-d-cellobioside, was 42 μmol min-1 (mg protein)-1, while that for barley β-glucan was 637. The enzyme had little activity on crystalline cellulose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Polysaccharides
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Glucans
KW  - Hydrolases
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - cellulase
KW  - hyperthermophile
KW  - mechanism
KW  - synergy
N1  - Accession Number: 15607453; Evans, Barbara R. 1; Email Address: evansb@ornl.gov; Gilman, Amanda K. 1; Cordray, Kimberley 1; Woodward, Jonathan 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 22 Issue 9, p735; Thesaurus Term: Cellulose; Thesaurus Term: Polysaccharides; Thesaurus Term: Hydrolysis; Thesaurus Term: Glucans; Subject Term: Hydrolases; Subject Term: Enzymes; Author-Supplied Keyword: cellulase; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperthermophile; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: synergy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Durbin, Patricia W.
AU  - Kullgren, Birgitta
AU  - Ebbe, Shirley N.
AU  - Xu, Jide
AU  - Raymond, Kenneth N.
T1  - CHELATING AGENTS FOR URANIUM(VI): 2. EFFICACY AND TOXICITY OF TETRADENTATE CATECHOLATE AND HYDROXYPYRIDINONATE LIGANDS IN MICE.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
EP  - 521
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Uranium(VI) (UO22+, uranyl) is nephrotoxic. Depending on isotopic composition and dosage, U(VI) is also chemically toxic and carcinogenic in bone. Several ligands containing two, three, or four bidentate catecholate or hydroxypyridinonate metal binding groups, developed for in vivo chelation of other actinides, were found, on evaluation in mice, to be effective for in vivo chelation of U(VI). The most promising ligands contained two bidentate groups per chelator molecule (tetradentate) attached to linear 4- or 5-carbon backbones (4-LI, butylene; 5-LI, pentylene; 5-LIO, diethyl ether). New ligands were then prepared to optimize ligand affinity for U(VI) in vivo and low acute toxicity. Five bidentate binding groups—sulfocatechol [CAM(S)], carboxycatechol [CAM(C)], methylterephthalamide (MeTAM), 1,2-hydroxypyridinone (1,2-HOPO), or 3,2-hydroxypyridinone (Me-3,2-HOPO)—were each attached to two linear backbones (4-LI and 5-LI or 5-LIO). Those ten tetradentate ligands and octadentate 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO), an effective actinide chelator, were evaluated in mice for in vivo chelation of 233U(VI) (injection at 3 min, 1 h, or 24 h or oral administration at 3 min after intravenous injection of 233UO2Cl2) and for acute toxicity (100 μmol kg-1 injected daily for 10 d). The combined efficacy and toxicity screening identified 5-LIO(Me-3,2-HOPO) and 5-LICAM(S) as the most effective low-toxicity agents. They chelate circulating U(VI) efficiently at ligand:uranium molar ratios ≥ 20, remove useful amounts of newly deposited U(VI) from kidney and bone at molar ratios ≥ 100, and reduce kidney U(VI) levels significantly when given orally at molar ratios ≥ 100. 5-LIO(Me-3,2-HOPO) has greater affinity for kidney U(VI) while 5-LICAM(S) has greater affinity for bone U(VI), and a 1:1 mixture (total molar ratio = 91) reduced kidney and bone U(VI) to 15 and 58% of control, respectively—more than an equimolar amount of either ligand alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - chelation
KW  - kidneys
KW  - mice
KW  - uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 112164873; Durbin, Patricia W. 1; Kullgren, Birgitta 1; Ebbe, Shirley N. 1; Xu, Jide 1; Raymond, Kenneth N. 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗Chemical Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; †Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p511; Author-Supplied Keyword: chelation; Author-Supplied Keyword: kidneys; Author-Supplied Keyword: mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, S-R.
AU  - Davis, P. A.
T1  - MODELED CONCENTRATIONS IN RICE AND INGESTION DOSES FROM CHRONIC ATMOSPHERIC RELEASES OF TRITIUM.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
EP  - 541
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The expansion of nuclear power programs in Asia has stimulated interest in the improved modeling of concentrations of tritium in rice, a staple crop grown throughout the far east. Normally, the specific activity model is used to calculate concentrations of tritium in the tissue water of edible plants to assess ingestion dose from chronic releases. However, because rice, like other grains, has much lower water content than most crops, the calculation must also account for organically bound tritium. This paper reviews ways to calculate steady-state concentrations of tritium in rice, including the methods of Canadian and United States regulatory models, and the assumptions behind them. Concentrations in rice and resulting ingestion doses are compared for the various methods, and equations for calculating concentrations are recommended. The regulatory models underestimate doses received from ingestion of rice contaminated with tritium since they do not account explicitly for organically bound tritium. The importance of including organically bound tritium is illustrated in a comparison of doses from rice, leafy vegetables and milk for an Asian diet. Dose factors from tritium for these foods are estimated to be 135, 47, and 20 nSv y-1/(Bq m-3), respectively. Assuming known air concentrations, tritium concentrations in rice, calculated with the recommended equations, are uncertain by less than a factor 2 when tritium concentrations in the rice paddy water are known, and by less than a factor of 2.3 when concentrations in paddy water are unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - emissions, atmospheric
KW  - ingestion
KW  - modeling, dose assessment
KW  - tritium
N1  - Accession Number: 112164876; Peterson, S-R. 1; Davis, P. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗Environmental Research Branch, AECL, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada; †Terrestrial Atmospheric Monitoring and Modeling Group, Operations and Regulatory Affairs Division, Environmental Protection Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-629, Livermore, CA 94551.; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p533; Author-Supplied Keyword: emissions, atmospheric; Author-Supplied Keyword: ingestion; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling, dose assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: tritium; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Degteva, Marina O.
AU  - Vorobiova, Marina I.
AU  - Kozheurov, Vyacheslav P.
AU  - Tolstykh, Evgeniya I.
AU  - Anspaugh, Lynn R.
AU  - Napier, Bruce A.
T1  - DOSE RECONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR THE EXPOSED POPULATION LIVING ALONG THE TECHA RIVER.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 542
EP  - 554
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The Mayak Production Association, which began operation in 1948, was the first facility in the former Soviet Union for the production of plutonium. Significant worker and population exposure occurred as a result of failures in the technological processes in the late 1940’s and early 1950’s. Members of the public were exposed via discharge of about 1017 Bq of liquid wastes into the Techa River during 1949-1956, an explosion in the radioactive waste-storage facility in 1957, and gaseous aerosol releases within the first decades of the facility’s operation. Residents of many villages downstream on the Techa River were exposed via a variety of pathways; the more significant included drinking of water from the river and external gamma exposure due to proximity to sediments and shoreline. The specific aim of this project is to enhance the reconstruction of external and internal radiation doses for individuals in the Extended Techa River Cohort. The purpose of this paper is to present the details of the methods that are being used in this enhanced dose-reconstruction effort and to provide example and representative results of the calculations. The methods of dose assessment currently being developed for the exposed population [termed the Techa River Dosimetry System-2000 (TRDS-2000)], which are a significant improvement on past methods (TRDS-1996), are presented. The new TRDS-2000 doses from the ingestion of radionuclides are substantially higher for the gastrointestinal tract, due to consideration of short-lived radionuclides. The TRDS-2000 doses from external exposure are substantially lower due to improvements in several factors. Assessment of uncertainty and validation of the “new” doses are significant issues currently under investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - 90Sr
KW  - biokinetics
KW  - contamination, environmental
KW  - dose assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 112164877; Degteva, Marina O. 1; Vorobiova, Marina I. 1; Kozheurov, Vyacheslav P. 1; Tolstykh, Evgeniya I. 1; Anspaugh, Lynn R. 1; Napier, Bruce A. 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia; †Radiobiology Division, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; ‡Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p542; Author-Supplied Keyword: 90Sr; Author-Supplied Keyword: biokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination, environmental; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose assessment; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fisher, Darrell R.
T1  - DECORPORATION: OFFICIALLY A WORD.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
EP  - 565
SN  - 00179078
AB  - This note is the brief history of a word. Decorporation is a scientific term known to health physicists who have an interest in the removal of internally deposited radionuclides from the body after an accidental or inadvertent intake. Although the word decorporation appears many times in the radiation protection literature, it was only recently accepted by the editors of the Oxford English Dictionary as an entry for their latest edition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - chelation
KW  - education
KW  - health physics
KW  - medical radiation
KW  - radionuclide
N1  - Accession Number: 112164880; Fisher, Darrell R. 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗Hanford Radioisotopes and Medical Sciences Program, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, P7-52, Richland, WA 99352.; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p563; Author-Supplied Keyword: chelation; Author-Supplied Keyword: education; Author-Supplied Keyword: health physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: medical radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: radionuclide; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kocher, David C.
T1  - OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 567
SN  - 00179078
N1  - Accession Number: 112164882; Kocher, David C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6480; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p567; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kocher, David C.
T1  - ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE DUE TO INTAKES OF RADIONUCLIDES.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 567
SN  - 00179078
N1  - Accession Number: 112164883; Kocher, David C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6480; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p567; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kocher, David C.
T1  - ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE DUE TO EXTERNAL SOURCES OF RADIATION.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 568
SN  - 00179078
N1  - Accession Number: 112164884; Kocher, David C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6480; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p567; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Middleton, Paulette
AU  - Laulainen, Nels
T1  - Examining Impacts of Visibility and PM Strategies before Implementation.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 875
EP  - 880
SN  - 10962247
AB  - One of the major challenges facing the world today is defining paths to sustainable futures. Part of the challenge is developing a national energy strategy that promotes an adequate energy supply for the United States, while enhancing environmental quality and maintaining U.S. competitiveness in the world economy. To assist in this challenge, we have developed a screening technique to analyze the effectiveness of different proposed emissions reduction strategies. The technique, referred to as the visibility assessment screening technique (VAST), is designed to examine possible impacts on visibility of emission changes of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds (i.e., SO[sub2], NO[subx], and VOC) and fine and coarse particulate matter (PM). The influence of relative humidity, natural aerosols, and the chemical interconnections among sulfur and nitrogen components of aerosols in determining the effectiveness of Clean Air Act Amendment and other projected energy-related emissions changes on eastern and western visibility are explored. The effectiveness of these strategies on particulate matter impacts and potentially on ozone is also noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Sulfur oxides
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Air pollution -- Law & legislation
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12147515; Middleton, Paulette 1; Email Address: paulette_middleton@rand.org; Laulainen, Nels 2; Affiliations: 1: RAND Environmental Science & Policy Center, Boulder, Colorado; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p875; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Sulfur oxides; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution -- Law & legislation; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mehlhorn, Rolf J.
T1  - Increased vulnerability of human erythrocytes to hydroperoxide damage after exposure to cigarette smoke or 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene in vitro.
JO  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
JF  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - 148
SN  - 14622203
AB  - Glutathione depletion, a major effect of cigarette smoke on biological tissues exposed to high concentrations of smoke, substantially slowed the consumption of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBH) in human erythrocytes in vitro, as shown by electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses of the rate of disappearance of extracellular tBH. Glutathione depletion by the reagent 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene induced a structural alteration of intracellular hemoglobin by tBH, which was inferred from an increase in hydrophobicity of erythrocyte proteins. Protein hydrophobicity was analyzed with a new ESR assay comprising detection of an increased binding of both anionic and cationic amphiphilic paramagnetic probes in membrane-depleted hemolysates. An increased affinity of oxidant-damaged proteins for amphiphilic probes was also observed in myoglobin and in protein fractions of erythrocytes treated with tBH subsequent to hemolysis. Smoke exposure enhanced the formation of reactive free radicals from tBH by chelated iron and ascorbate. Reactive radical formation, as monitored by spin-trapping methods, was substantially prolonged in erythrocyte suspensions that had been exposed to cigarette smoke. The results of this study suggest that the susceptibility of cells to peroxide-mediated damage, including damage associated with iron-mediated free radical production, is increased after exposure to high concentrations of cigarette smoke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nicotine & Tobacco Research is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROXIDES
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 3807928; Mehlhorn, Rolf J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2000, Vol. 2 Issue 2, p141; Subject Term: PEROXIDES; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/146222000408957
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D'Azevedo, E. F.
T1  - ARE BILINEAR QUADRILATERALS BETTER THAN LINEAR TRIANGLES?
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
EP  - 217
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - This paper compares the theoretical effectiveness of bilinear approximation over quadrilaterals with linear approximation over triangles. Anisotropic mesh transformation is used to generate asymptotically optimally efficient meshes for piecewise linear interpolation over triangles and bilinear interpolation over quadrilaterals. For approximating a convex function, although bilinear quadrilaterals are more efficient, linear triangles are more accurate and may be preferred in finite element computations; whereas for saddle-shaped functions, quadrilaterals may offer a higher-order approximation on a well-designed mesh. A surprising finding is different grid orientations may yield an order of magnitude improvement in approximation accuracy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - CONVEX functions
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - TRIANGULATION
KW  - QUADRILATERALS
KW  - BILINEAR transformation method
KW  - bilinear approximation
KW  - interpolation
KW  - mesh generation
KW  - quadrilateral patch
KW  - triangulation
N1  - Accession Number: 13204949; D'Azevedo, E. F. 1; Email Address: e6d@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematical Sciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Building 6012, Oak Ridge, TN 37831­6367; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p198; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: CONVEX functions; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: TRIANGULATION; Subject Term: QUADRILATERALS; Subject Term: BILINEAR transformation method; Author-Supplied Keyword: bilinear approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrilateral patch; Author-Supplied Keyword: triangulation; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garbey, Marc
AU  - Kaper, Hans G.
T1  - ASYMPTOTIC-NUMERICAL STUDY OF SUPERSENSITIVITY FOR GENERALIZED BURGERS' EQUATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 368
EP  - 385
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - This article addresses some asymptotic and numerical issues related to the solution of Burgers' equation, -εuxx+ut+uux = 0 on (-1,1), subject to the boundary conditions u(-1) = 1+δ, u(1) = -1, and its generalization to two dimensions, -εΔu+ut+uux+uuy = 0 on (-1, 1)×(-π, π), subject to the boundary conditions u¦x=1 = 1 + δ, u¦x=-1 = -1, with 2π periodicity in y. The perturbation parameters δ and ε are arbitrarily small positive and independent; when they approach 0, they satisfy the asymptotic order relation δ = Os(e-a/ε) for some constant a ∈ (0,1). The solutions of these convection-dominated viscous conservation laws exhibit a transition layer in the interior of the domain, whose position as t → ∞ is supersensitive to the boundary perturbation. Algorithms are presented for the computation of the position of the transition layer at steady state. The algorithms generalize to viscous conservation laws with a convex nonlinearity and are scalable in a parallel computing environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - asymptotic analysis
KW  - Burgers' equation
KW  - domain decomposition
KW  - viscous conservation law
N1  - Accession Number: 13204928; Garbey, Marc 1; Email Address: garbey@ cdcsp.univ-lyon1.fr Kaper, Hans G. 2; Email Address: kaper@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: CDCSP-ISTIL, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439- 4844; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p368; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: asymptotic analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burgers' equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: viscous conservation law; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, Kell B.
AU  - Baldocchi, Dennis D.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
T1  - Spatial and seasonal variability of photosynthetic parameters and their relationship to leaf nitrogen in a deciduous forest.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2000/05//
VL  - 20
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
EP  - 578
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - We used gas exchange techniques to estimate maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax), a measure of photosynthetic capacity, in the understory and upper crown of a closed deciduous forest over two seasons. There was extensive variability in photosynthetic capacity as a result of vertical canopy position, species type, leaf age and drought. Photosynthetic capacity was greater in oaks than in maples and greater in the overstory than in the understory. Parameter Vcmax was maximal early in the season but declined slowly throughout most of the summer, and then more rapidly during senescence. There was also an apparent decline during drought in some trees. Variability in Vcmax as a result of species or vertical canopy gradients was described well by changes in leaf nitrogen per unit area (Na). However, temporal changes in Vcmax were often poorly correlated with leaf nitrogen, especially in spring and summer and during drought. This poor correlation may be the result of a seasonally dependent fractional allocation of leaf nitrogen to Rubisco; however, we could not discount Rubisco inactivation, patchy stomatal closure or changes in mesophyll resistance. Consequently, when a single annual regression equation of Vcmax versus Na was used for this site, there were substantial errors in the temporal patterns in Vcmax that will inevitably result in modeling errors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Plant canopies
KW  - Trees
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Spatial variation
KW  - A/Ci curve
KW  - drought
KW  - gas exchange
KW  - leaf age
KW  - maple
KW  - oak
N1  - Accession Number: 51808067; Wilson, Kell B. 1; Baldocchi, Dennis D. 1,2; Hanson, Paul J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, NOAA P.O. Box 2456, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2: Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California-Berkeley, 151 Hilgard Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 20 Issue 9, p565; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Plant canopies; Thesaurus Term: Trees; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Spatial variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A/Ci curve; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf age; Author-Supplied Keyword: maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: oak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, John G.
AU  - Beauchamp, John J.
T1  - Evaluation of Caging Designs and a Fingernail Clam for Use in an In Situ Bioassay.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2000/05/05/
VL  - 62
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 230
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Two cage designs and fingernail clams (Sphaerium fabale) were evaluated for their suitability for use in in situ bioassays to assess the ecological condition of a stream and predict ecological recovery potential. One design (referred to as tray design) was a modified plastic tray about one-fourth full of small gravels and covered with 1 mm fiberglass mesh. The second design (referred to as tube-plates) consisted of short plexiglass tubes about one-third full of small gravels and attached horizontally to a plexiglass plate. One end of each tube faced into the current; both ends were covered with mesh. Cages containing clams were deployed at reference and impacted (test) sites for periods of 70 to 135 d. Growth and survival were the primary endpoints evaluated, but the tube-plates allowed isolation of individual clams so that natality also could be evaluated as an endpoint. Results of benthic macroinvertebrate surveys, performed for another study, were included to help validate bioassay results. Both cage designs yielded good quantitative, site-specific results for clam survival and growth; results for natality, though, were less conclusive. Clam survival and growth results were in good general agreement with the results for the benthic macroinvertebrate community surveys. At a site where the macroinvertebrate community was the most depauperate, clam mortality was always rapid. At a site where the condition of the macroinvertebrate community was only slightly less impacted than the most impacted site, clam growth was almost always significantly lower than at reference sites. Survival of clams was significantly reduced in <25 d at this site in some trials, but in other trials there was little mortality. At a minimally impacted site, clam survival was similar to that found at reference sites, and differences in clam growth were not detectable until after 40 to 50 d of exposure. The tube-plate design was easier to use, allowed more flexibility in selection of response parameters, and required less handling time of test animals, thus, this was the preferred design. Our results demonstrated that either in situ bioassay design can be used to augment monitoring and assessment programs. Their use as a predictor of ecological recovery, however, requires further evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sphaeriidae (Mollusks)
KW  - Biological assay
KW  - River ecology
KW  - Clams
KW  - Freshwater ecology
KW  - bioassay
KW  - biomonitoring
KW  - clams
KW  - in situ
KW  - sphaeriidae
KW  - streams
N1  - Accession Number: 16655812; Smith, John G. 1; Beauchamp, John J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, U.S.A.; 2: Computer and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, U.S.A.; Issue Info: May2000, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p205; Thesaurus Term: Sphaeriidae (Mollusks); Thesaurus Term: Biological assay; Thesaurus Term: River ecology; Thesaurus Term: Clams; Thesaurus Term: Freshwater ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioassay; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomonitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: clams; Author-Supplied Keyword: in situ; Author-Supplied Keyword: sphaeriidae; Author-Supplied Keyword: streams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112512 Shellfish Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114113 Salt water fishing; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - Numerical simulation of non-isothermal multiphase tracer transport in heterogeneous fractured porous media.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2000/06//6/1/2000
VL  - 23
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 699
EP  - 723
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Presents numerical simulation method for non-isothermal multiphase tracer transport in heterogeneous fractured porous media. Information that the model formulation incorporates a full hydrodynamic dispersion tensor; Benefits of using the dual-continua approach; Description of applications to demonstrate the use of methodology for modeling tracer and radionuclide transport in unsaturated fractured rocks.
KW  - Groundwater tracers
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Diffusion in hydrology
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Rocks
N1  - Accession Number: 12033886; Wu, Yu-Shu 1; Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, MS 90-1116, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Issue Info: 6/1/2000, Vol. 23 Issue 7, p699; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater tracers; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion in hydrology; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Subject Term: Porous materials; Subject Term: Rocks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(00)00008-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tseng, Peng-Hsiang
AU  - Zyvoloski, George A.
T1  - A reduced degree of freedom method for simulating non-isothermal multi-phase flow in a porous medium.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2000/06//6/1/2000
VL  - 23
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 731
EP  - 745
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Presents a reduced degree of freedom method for simulating non-isothermal multi-phase flow in a porous medium. Details of two solution algorithms used for solving coupled processes in subsurface hydrology; Revelation that one algorithm uses an approximation of the Jacobian matrix during the Newton-Raphson iteration; Observation that the method produced identical results compared to the traditional fully implicit method.
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Jacobian matrices
KW  - Matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 12033888; Tseng, Peng-Hsiang 1; Zyvoloski, George A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Geoanalysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-5, MS-C306, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Issue Info: 6/1/2000, Vol. 23 Issue 7, p731; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Thesaurus Term: Hydrology; Subject Term: Porous materials; Subject Term: Algorithms; Subject Term: Jacobian matrices; Subject Term: Matrices; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(00)00006-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weaver, Andrew J.
AU  - Duffy, Philip B.
AU  - Eby, Michael
AU  - Wiebe, Edward C.
T1  - Evaluation of Ocean and Climate Models Using Present-Day Observations and Forcing.
JO  - Atmosphere -- Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society)
JF  - Atmosphere -- Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society)
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
EP  - 301
PB  - Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society
SN  - 07055900
AB  - The most common method used to evaluate climate models involves spinning them up under perpetual present-day forcing and comparing the model results with present-day observations. This approach clearly ignores any potential long-term memory of the model ocean to past climatic conditions. Here we examine the validity of this approach through the 6000-year integration of a coupled atmosphere--ocean sea-ice model. The coupled model is initially spun-up with atmospheric CO2 concentrations and orbital parameters applicable for 6KBP. The model is then integrated forward in time to 2100. Results from this transient coupled model simulation are compared with the results from two additional simulations, in which the model is spun up with perpetual 1850 (preindustrial) and 1998 (present-day) atmospheric CO2 concentrations and orbital parameters. This comparison leads to substantial differences between the equilibrium climatologies and the transient simulation, even at 1850 (in weakly ventilated regions), prior to any significant changes in atmospheric CO2. When compared to the present-day equilibrium climatology, differences are very large: the global mean surface air and sea surface temperatures are ∼0.5°C and ∼0.4°C colder, respectively, deep ocean temperatures are substantially cooler, Southern Hemisphere sea-ice cover is 38% larger, and the North Atlantic conveyor 16% weaker in the transient case. These differences are due to the long timescale memory of the deep ocean to climatic conditions which prevailed throughout the late Holocene, as well as to its large thermal inertia. It is also demonstrated that a 'cold start' global warming simulation (one that starts from a 1998 equilibrium climatology) underestimates the global temperature increase at 2100 by ∼10%. Our results question the accuracy of current techniques for climate model evaluation and underline the importance of using paleoclimatic simulations in parallel with present-day simulations in this evaluation process. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - La méthode la plus fréquente utilisée pour vérifier les modèles climatiques implique une période d'adaptation, en présence d'un forçage actuel continu, et une comparaison des résultats du modèle avec des observations actuelles. Cette méthode ignore tout souvenir potentiel à long terme du modèle océanique pour les conditions climatiques du passé. Ici, nous examinons la justesse de cette méthode pour une intégration de 6 000 années d'un modèle avec un couplage atmosphère/océan/glace marine. Le modèle couplé est initialement amené à l'équilibre avec des concentrations atmosphériques du CO2 et des paramètres orbitaux applicables pour une période remontant à 6000 années avant Jésus-Christ. Le modèle est alors intégré vers l'avant jusqu'à l'an 2100. Les résultats de la simulation transitoire du modèle couplé sont comparés avec ceux de deux simulations additionnelles pour lesquelles le modèle est amené à l'équilibre avec des paramètres orbitaux et des concentrations atmosphériques du CO2 correspondants à l'an 1850 (période préindustrielle) en permanence et à l'an 1998 (période actuelle). Cette comparaison conduit à des différences substantielles entre les climats à l'équilibre et la simulation transitoire, même en l'an 1850 (dans des régions faiblement ventilées), avant tout changement significatif du CO2. Lorsque comparées au climat d'équilibre actuel, les différences sont très grandes : la moyenne à l'échelle du globe de la température de l'air en surface et de la température de la surface de la mer est plus froide d'environ 0,5°C et 0,4°6; respectivement ; les températures en eau profonde sont substantiellement plus fraîches ; la couverture de la glace marine sur l'hémisphère sud est 38 % plus grande ; et la circulation de l'Atlantique Nord est 16 % plus faible dans le cas transitoire. Ces différences sont dues au souvenir a long terme de la mer profonde pour les conditions climatiques qui ont prévalu jusqu'à la période de l'holocène dernier, et ainsi qu'à sa grande inertie thermique. Il est aussi démontré qu'un «démarrage à froid» lors d'une simulation du réchauffement du globe (celle qui commence avec le climat d'équilibre de 1998) sous-estime l'augmentation de la température du globe en l'an 2100 par environ 10 %. Nos résultats nous portent à s'interroger sur la précision des techniques actuelles pour la vérification des modèles climatiques et à souligner l'importance de l'utilisation de simulations paléoclimatiques en parallèle avec des simulations actuelles dans ce processus de vérification. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Atmosphere -- Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society) is the property of Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Ocean temperature
KW  - Global temperature changes
KW  - Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere)
N1  - Accession Number: 19611222; Weaver, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: weaver@ocean.seos.uvic.ca; Duffy, Philip B. 2; Eby, Michael 1; Wiebe, Edward C. 1; Affiliations: 1: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, PO Box 3055, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6; 2: Climate System Modeling Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p271; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Ocean temperature; Thesaurus Term: Global temperature changes; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere); Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chin Jr, George
AU  - Carroll, John M.
T1  - Articulating collaboration in a learning community.
JO  - Behaviour & Information Technology
JF  - Behaviour & Information Technology
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 246
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 0144929X
AB  - A common computer-based collaborative learning approach is to simply introduce contemporary computermediated communication technology into the classroom to support prescribed learning activities. This approach assumes that all students collaborate in similar ways and that presentday technology is sufficient to accommodate all collaboration forms. This view is superficial and limiting. Students collaborate in different ways at different levels on different learning activities. A more detailed articulation of collaboration in learning is crucial to understanding and extending the pedagogical capabilities and usefulness of collaborative technologies. A model is presented for a more finely articulated form of analysis that enumerates types of collaborative learning activities and evaluates how these activities may be supported through different design options. The analysis is based on actual classroom scenarios and the collaboration requirements that emerge from them. The authors have successfully applied this analysis model in the design of a computer-based collaborative learning environment for science education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Behaviour & Information Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELEMATICS
KW  - CLASSROOMS
KW  - COMPUTER network resources
N1  - Accession Number: 3961780; Chin Jr, George 1 Carroll, John M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Information Sciences and Engineering, Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Computer Science Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p233; Subject Term: TELEMATICS; Subject Term: CLASSROOMS; Subject Term: COMPUTER network resources; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weier, H.-U. G.
AU  - George, C. X.
AU  - Lersch, R. A.
AU  - Breitweser, S.
AU  - Cheng, J.-F.
AU  - Samuel, C. E.
T1  - Assignment<FOOTREF>[sup 1] </FOOTREF> of the RNA-specific adenosine deaminase gene (Adar ) to mouse chromosome 3F2 by in situ hybridization.
JO  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
JF  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 89
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
EP  - 215
SN  - 03010171
AB  - The article discusses localization of the RNA specific adenosine deaminase gene (ADAR) to mouse chromosome 3F2 by in situ hybridization. From mouse genomic lambda phage and bacterial artificial chromosome libraries, clones for the ADAR gene were isolated by plaque hybridization and in vitro DNA amplification screening. The mouse ADAR gene was mapped by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of genomic clones to a single locus on mouse chromosome 3, band F2. Genomic clones were isolated by screening a mouse genomic library prepared from adult mouse.
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGE lambda
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - ADENOSINE deaminase
KW  - HYDROLASES
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - GENE mapping
N1  - Accession Number: 12184790; Weier, H.-U. G. 1; Email Address: ugweier@lbl.gov George, C. X. 2 Lersch, R. A. 1 Breitweser, S. 2 Cheng, J.-F. 1 Samuel, C. E. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley.  2: Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara.  3: Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara CA (USA).; Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 89 Issue 3/4, p214; Subject Term: BACTERIOPHAGE lambda; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Subject Term: ADENOSINE deaminase; Subject Term: HYDROLASES; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: GENE mapping; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000015615
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, V. H.
AU  - Brown, S.
AU  - Haeuber, R. A.
AU  - Hobbs, N. T.
AU  - Huntly, N.
AU  - Naiman, R. J.
AU  - Riebsame, W. E.
AU  - Turner, M. G.
AU  - Valone, T. J.
T1  - ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING THE USE OF LAND.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 639
EP  - 670
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article focuses on the various initiatives taken by the Ecological Society of America (ESA) to manage the land-cover changes, which have been taking place due to poor land use and land management techniques. It reports on the impact of land management on ecosystems, and discusses that the ESA guidelines encourage individuals to follow habitat conservation methods.
KW  - Land use
KW  - Land management
KW  - Habitat conservation
KW  - Land cover
KW  - conservation
KW  - disturbance
KW  - ecological processes
KW  - ecosystem function
KW  - environmental policy
KW  - keystone species
KW  - land management
KW  - land use, ecological principles and guidelines
KW  - landscape
KW  - nonnative species
KW  - planning
KW  - settlement patterns
KW  - Ecological Society of America
N1  - Accession Number: 112065875; Dale, V. H. 1; Brown, S. 2; Haeuber, R. A. 3; Hobbs, N. T. 4; Huntly, N. 5; Naiman, R. J. 6; Riebsame, W. E. 7; Turner, M. G. 8; Valone, T. J. 9; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036 USA; 2: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois 61820 USA; 3: Sustainable Biosphere Initiative, Ecological Society of America, Washington, D.C. 20006 USA; 4: Colorado Division of Wildlife and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 USA; 5: Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209-8007 USA; 6: College of Ocean and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2100 USA; 7: Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309 USA; 8: Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 USA; 9: Department of Zoology, California State University, Northridge, California 91330-8303 USA; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p639; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Land management; Thesaurus Term: Habitat conservation; Thesaurus Term: Land cover; Author-Supplied Keyword: conservation; Author-Supplied Keyword: disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem function; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: keystone species; Author-Supplied Keyword: land management; Author-Supplied Keyword: land use, ecological principles and guidelines; Author-Supplied Keyword: landscape; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonnative species; Author-Supplied Keyword: planning; Author-Supplied Keyword: settlement patterns ; Company/Entity: Ecological Society of America; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0639:EPAGFM]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
AU  - Haeuber, Richard A.
T1  - Perspectives on Land Use.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 671
EP  - 672
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article reports that growth and development of human population has led to changes in the land use and land management patterns. It discusses the environmental aspects associated with changed land use pattern. It states that the U.S. government has taken several land conservation initiatives by launching several new laws such as the Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, and the Clean Air Act.
KW  - Land use
KW  - Land management
KW  - Natural areas -- Government policy
KW  - United States. Endangered Species Act of 1973
KW  - United States. Clean Air Act
KW  - Clean Water Act of 1972 (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 112065867; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Haeuber, Richard A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p671; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Land management; Subject Term: Natural areas -- Government policy ; Company/Entity: United States. Endangered Species Act of 1973 ; Company/Entity: United States. Clean Air Act; Reviews & Products: Clean Water Act of 1972 (U.S.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 712190 Nature Parks and Other Similar Institutions; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0671:POLU]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pitcher, Hugh M.
T1  - Mitigation options in a sustainable development world.
JO  - Environmental Economics & Policy Studies
JF  - Environmental Economics & Policy Studies
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 193
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 1432847X
AB  - A sustainable world has often been assumed to be a world in which climate change will be dealt with automatically. But even in a future which emphasizes sustainability, there will still be limited resources and the need to balance competing demands on these resources. As the list of objectives for a sustainable world is quite long, climate objectives will need to compete with many other policy goals for resources. So it is of relevance to understand what the climatic outcomes of a sustainable world might be, what additional options to control emissions might be in place in this world, and how the costs might vary as additional policies are implemented, or assumptions about critical determinants of emissions vary. In this analysis, we focus on how a generic carbon tax varies as alternative assumptions about energy demand, the effectiveness of carbon sequestration, and climate goals are made. The result that emerges is that uncertainty is pervasive in the climate mitigation problem, and that despite the political difficulties of revisiting decisions on a regular basis, there is no way out of the need for adaptive policies which require constant reassessment of the goals and the effectiveness of the policies in place to reach these goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Economics & Policy Studies is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide mitigation
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Air pollution monitoring
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Mitigation
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Stabilization paths
KW  - Sustainability
N1  - Accession Number: 19689923; Pitcher, Hugh M. 1; Email Address: hugh.pitcher@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Global Climate Change Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 901 D St SW, Washington, DC 20024-2115, USA.; Issue Info: 2000, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p173; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide mitigation; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Sustainable development; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mitigation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stabilization paths; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sustainability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mandernack, Kevin W.
AU  - Kinney, Chad A.
AU  - Coleman, Dennis
AU  - Huang, Yong-Song
AU  - Freeman, Katherine H.
AU  - Bogner, Jean
T1  - The biogeochemical controls of N2O production and emission in landfill cover soils: the role of methanotrophs in the nitrogen cycle.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 298
EP  - 309
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - Emissions of N2O from cover soils of both abandoned (> 30 years) and active landfills greatly exceed the maximum fluxes previously reported for tropical soils, suggesting high microbial activities for N2O production. Low soil matrix potentials (< -0.7 MPa) indicate that nitrification was the most likely mechanism of N2O formation during most of the time of sampling. Soil moisture had a strong influence on N2O emissions. The production of N2O was stimulated by as much as 20 times during laboratory incubations, when moisture was increased from -2.0 MPa to -0.6 MPa. Additional evidence from incubation experiments and δ13C analyses of fatty acids (18:1) diagnostic of methanotrophs suggests that N2O is formed in these soils by nitrification via methanotrophic bacteria. In a NH3(g)-amended landfill soil, the rate of N2O production was significantly increased when incubated with 100 ppmv methane compared with 1.8 ppmv (atmospheric) methane. Preincubation of a landfill soil with 1% CH4 for 2 weeks resulted in higher rates of N2O production when subsequently amended with NH3(g) relative to a control soil preincubated without CH4. At one location, at the soil depth (9–16 cm) of maximum methane consumption and N2O production, we observe elevated concentrations of organic carbon and nitrogen and distinct minima in δ15N (+1.0‰) and δ13C (-33.8‰) values for organic nitrogen and organic carbon respectively. A δ13C value of -39.3‰ was measured for 18:1 carbon fatty acids in this soil, diagnostic of type II methanotrophs. The low δ15N value for organic nitrogen is consistent with N2 fixation by type II methanotrophs. These observations all point to a methanotrophic origin for the organic matter at this depth. The... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Soils
KW  - Landfills
N1  - Accession Number: 5185255; Mandernack, Kevin W. 1; Kinney, Chad A. 2; Coleman, Dennis 3; Huang, Yong-Song 4; Freeman, Katherine H. 4; Bogner, Jean 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92717, USA.; 2: Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.; 3: Isotech Laboratories Inc., 1308 Parkland Ct., Champaign, IL 61821, USA.; 4: Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.; 5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 2 Issue 3, p298; Thesaurus Term: Nitrous oxide; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Landfills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiong, Demin
AU  - Lin, Hui
T1  - Spatial Data Handling for ITS: Perspective, Issues and Approaches.
JO  - GeoInformatica
JF  - GeoInformatica
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 13846175
AB  - This paper studies problems related to spatial data handling in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and it investigates solution approaches. The discussion focuses on three areas: (1) data management and processing, (2) dynamic data integration, and (3) data exchange and communications. For data management and processing, the paper considers the approach of the combined use of GIS and database management systems (DBMS). The framework under which GIS and DBMS are integrated and the interoperability requirements related to this framework are discussed. Unified location referencing systems, location referencing message specification, and ITS datum are major strategies proposed to address problems arising from dynamic data integration in ITS applications. The paper provides a review on the research associated with the development of these strategies and recommends the use of reference maps in places where data collection or reconciliation efforts can be coordinated. To facilitate data exchange and communications, the paper investigates the use of data dictionaries, data coding, and data models. Key issues related to their development are identified, and potential approaches to address these issues are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of GeoInformatica is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPORTATION engineering
KW  - GEOGRAPHIC information systems
KW  - ROAD maps
KW  - DATABASE management
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - data exchange
KW  - GIS
KW  - integration
KW  - ITS
KW  - spatial data management
N1  - Accession Number: 11308184; Xiong, Demin 1; Email Address: xiongd@ornl.gov Lin, Hui 2; Email Address: huilin@cuhk.edu.hk; Affiliation:  1: Center for Transportation Analysis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6206 USA  2: Joint Laboratory for Geoinformation Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong; Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p215; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION engineering; Subject Term: GEOGRAPHIC information systems; Subject Term: ROAD maps; Subject Term: DATABASE management; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: data exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: GIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: ITS; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial data management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brandow, Baird
T1  - Explanation of the exotic superconductors by a valence-fluctuation pairing mechanism.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine B
JF  - Philosophical Magazine B
Y1  - 2000/06//06/01/2000
VL  - 80
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1229
EP  - 1297
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13642812
AB  - The exotic superconductors considered here are those defined by Uemura and coworkers, the materials which approximately satisfy the empirical relation T[sub c]∝ λ[sub L][sup -2], where λ[sub L] is the London penetration depth. This category includes all of the presently known high-temperature superconductors, plus many others which are or have been prominent in basic superconductivity research. In a survey these materials were shown to share many characteristic features, electronic properties which are anomalous from the standpoint of BCS and strong-coupling (Eliashberg) systematics, and also distinctive features in the crystal chemistry. It is now argued that these characteristic features are consistent with and indeed suggestive of a valence-fluctuation pairing mechanism developed for the cuprate superconductors. The explanation is reasonably straightforward, and the match between the expected and the observed properties is remarkably extensive. The crystal chemistry aspects are seen here as enabling features, that is, features which are necessary in order to justify adequately an Anderson-lattice form of model Hamiltonian, and to provide a suitable parameter regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine B is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - VALENCE fluctuations
N1  - Accession Number: 3974283; Brandow, Baird 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 06/01/2000, Vol. 80 Issue 6, p1229; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: VALENCE fluctuations; Number of Pages: 69p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/01418630050029362
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Isopp, H.
AU  - Frehner, M.
AU  - Long, S. P.
AU  - Nösberger, J.
T1  - Sucrose-phosphate synthase responds differently to source-sink relations and to photosynthetic rates: Lolium perenne L. growing at elevated pCO2 in the field.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 23
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 597
EP  - 607
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - ABSTRACT Lolium perenne, a main component species in managed grassland, is well adapted to defoliation, fertilization, and regrowth cycles; and hence, to changes in the assimilatory carbon source-sink ratio. In the Swiss Free Air CO2 Enrichment experiment the source-sink ratio is (i) increased by elevated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), (ii) decreased by enhanced carbon use under high N fertilization, and (iii) gradually increased during regrowth after defoliation. Since sucrose synthesis plays a central role in leaf carbohydrate metabolism in this fructan-accumulating species, we investigated how sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) responds to the differing assimilatory carbon fluxes and source-sink ratios in the field. Assimilatory carbon flux, as estimated by leaf gas exchange, strongly depended on pCO2. Surprisingly, the SPS content per leaf area did not increase with pCO2, but increased with N fertilization. During later regrowth, when a dense canopy had formed, the SPS content decreased; in particular, SPS was decreased at high N under elevated pCO2. Further, the higher assimilatory carbon flux through SPS at elevated pCO2 was accompanied by a higher activation state of SPS. The SPS content correlated very strongly with the ratio of free sucrose to free amino acid in leaves, which represents the carbon source-sink ratio. Hence, SPS content in L. perenne appears to be regulated by the current, strongly nitrogen-dependent, source-sink relation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT enzymes
KW  - LOLIUM perenne
KW  - SUCROSE
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - amino acid
KW  - carbon dioxide enrichment
KW  - fructan
KW  - Lolium perenne
KW  - nitrogen fertilization
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - protein
KW  - source-sink ratio
KW  - sucrose
KW  - sucrose-phosphate synthase
N1  - Accession Number: 5520341; Isopp, H. 1 Frehner, M. 1 Long, S. P. 2 Nösberger, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland,  2: Department of Biological Sciences, John Tabor Laboratories, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK and Environmental Biology and Instrumentation Division, Building 318, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 23 Issue 6, p597; Subject Term: PLANT enzymes; Subject Term: LOLIUM perenne; Subject Term: SUCROSE; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: amino acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: fructan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lolium perenne; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen fertilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: source-sink ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: sucrose; Author-Supplied Keyword: sucrose-phosphate synthase; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, G.S.
AU  - Neuhauser, K.S.
T1  - Quantitative Methods for Environmental Justice Assessment of Transportation.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 384
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Application of Executive Order 12898 to risk assessment of highway or rail transport of hazardous materials has proven difficult; in general, the location and conditions affecting the propagation of a plume of hazardous material released in a potential accident are unknown. Therefore, analyses have only been possible in a geographically broad or approximate manner. The advent of geographic information systems and development of software enhancements at Sandia National Laboratories have made kilometer-by-kilometer analysis of populations tallied by U.S. Census blocks along entire routes practicable. Tabulations of total or racially/ethnically distinct populations close to a route, its alternatives, or the broader surrounding area, can then be compared and differences evaluated statistically. This article presents methods of comparing populations and their racial/ethnic compositions using simple tabulations, histograms, and chi-square tests for statistical significance of differences found. Two examples of these methods are presented: comparison of two routes and comparison of a route with its surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental justice
KW  - Hazardous substances
KW  - Transportation -- Environmental aspects
KW  - chi square
KW  - Hazardous material
KW  - Relative risks
KW  - transportation
N1  - Accession Number: 6632600; Mills, G.S. 1; Neuhauser, K.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p377; Thesaurus Term: Environmental justice; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substances; Thesaurus Term: Transportation -- Environmental aspects; Author-Supplied Keyword: chi square; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relative risks; Author-Supplied Keyword: transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gross, Alan G.
AU  - Harmon, Joseph E.
AU  - Reidy, Michael S.
T1  - Argument and 17th-Century Science: A Rhetorical Analysis with Sociological Implications.
JO  - Social Studies of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.)
JF  - Social Studies of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.)
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 396
SN  - 03063127
AB  - This paper compares the argumentative practices of the English and French scientific communities from the origin of the scientific journal in 1665 up to 1700. To that end, we ask a uniform set of questions related to argumentative practice in a large sample of articles randomly drawn from the three pre-eminent scientific journals of this period: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Journal des Sça vans and Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences. The results suggest an interesting link between socio-political structures and their influence on early scientific societies, and the articles in their fledgling publications. In particular, the early professionalization of French science through the Académie Royale led to a heightened emphasis on features familiar in 20th-century practice: quantification, mathematical and mechanical explanations for acquired facts, visual representations of facts and their explanations, and use of observations and experimental results as stepping stones to theory. This social arrangement led as well to a narrower view of what constituted acceptable subject matter. Despite these differences, there are also enough similarities in English and French communicative practices to suggest the beginnings of an international scientific community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Social Studies of Science (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMMUNICATION in science
KW  - PERIODICALS
KW  - SCIENCE -- Periodicals
KW  - SCIENCE publishing
KW  - SCIENTIFIC community
KW  - SCIENTIFIC knowledge
KW  - hedging
KW  - rhetoric of science
KW  - scientific societies
KW  - visuals
N1  - Accession Number: 5434833; Gross, Alan G. 1; Email Address: grossalang@aol.com Harmon, Joseph E. 2; Email Address: harmon@cmt.anl.gov Reidy, Michael S. 3; Email Address: mreidy@ou.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Rhetoric, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA  3: History of Science Department, University of Oklahoma, 601 Elm Avenue, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA; Source Info: Jun2000, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p371; Subject Term: COMMUNICATION in science; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; Subject Term: SCIENCE -- Periodicals; Subject Term: SCIENCE publishing; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC community; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC knowledge; Author-Supplied Keyword: hedging; Author-Supplied Keyword: rhetoric of science; Author-Supplied Keyword: scientific societies; Author-Supplied Keyword: visuals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511130 Book Publishers; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 11751
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garten Jr., C. T.
T1  - Nitrogen Saturation and Soil N Availability in a High-Elevation Spruce and Fir Forest.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2000/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
EP  - 313
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - A field study was conducted during the summer of 1995 to gain a better understanding of the causes of nitrate (NO3-N) leaching and ongoing changes in soil nitrogen (N) availability in high-elevation (1524–2000 m) spruce (Picea rubens) and fir (Abies fraseri) forests of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee and North Carolina, U.S.A. Indicators of soil N availability (total soil N concentrations, extractable NH4-N, extractable NO3-N, and C/N ratios) were measured in Oa and A horizons at 33 study plots. Dynamic measures included potential net soil N mineralization determined in 12-week aerobic laboratory incubations at 22 °C. Potential net nitrification in the A horizon was correlated (r = +0.83, P < 0.001) with total soil N concentrations. Most measures of soil N availability did not exhibit significant trends with elevation, but there were topographic differences. Potential net soil N mineralization and net nitrification in the A horizon were higher in coves than on ridges. Relative amounts of particulate and organomineral soil organic matter influenced potential net N mineralization and nitrification in the A horizon. Calculations indicate that soil N availability and NO3-N leaching in high-elevation spruce and fir forests of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park will increase in response to regional warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Soils
KW  - Nitrification
KW  - Great Smoky Mountains National Park (N.C. & Tenn.)
KW  - North Carolina
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - elevation gradient
KW  - Great Smoky Mountains National Park
KW  - nitrification
KW  - particulate organic matter
KW  - soil N mineralization
KW  - topography
N1  - Accession Number: 16604190; Garten Jr., C. T. 1; Email Address: ctg@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831–6038, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 120 Issue 3/4, p295; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Nitrification; Subject: Great Smoky Mountains National Park (N.C. & Tenn.); Subject: North Carolina; Subject: Tennessee; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevation gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Great Smoky Mountains National Park; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrification; Author-Supplied Keyword: particulate organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil N mineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: topography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cerny, Joseph
T1  - Delayed Proton Emission from Nuclei: A Historical Perspective.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 13
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Early experiments observing proton emission are reviewed, with an emphasis on the initial discovery. Beta-delayed proton emission (1963), direct proton radioactivity (1970), and beta-delayed two-proton emission (1983) have all been observed, while direct two-proton radio-activity is still being sought. This historical overview concludes in 1990 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DELAYED protons
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - PROTON decay
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
N1  - Accession Number: 11816807; Cerny, Joseph 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Nuclear Science Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: DELAYED protons; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: PROTON decay; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonzogni, A. A.
AU  - Davids, C. N.
AU  - Woods, P. J.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Carpenter, M. P.
AU  - Ressler, J. J.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
AU  - Uusitalo, J.
AU  - Walters, W. B.
T1  - Fine Structure in Deformed Proton Emitters.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 67
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In a recent experiment to study the proton radioactivity of the highly deformed [sup131]Eu nucleus, two proton lines were detected. The higher energy one was assigned to the ground-state to ground-state decay, while the lower energy, to the ground-state to the 2[sup+] state decay. This constitutes the first observation of fine structure in proton radioactivity. With these four measured quantities, proton energies, half-life and branching ratio, it is possible to determine the Nilsson configuration of the ground state of the proton emitting nucleus as well as the 2[sup+] energy and nuclear deformation of the daughter nucleus. These results will be presented and discussed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NILSSON model
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - HALF-life (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11816823; Sonzogni, A. A. 1 Davids, C. N. 1 Woods, P. J. 2 Seweryniak, D. 1 Carpenter, M. P. 1 Ressler, J. J. 3 Schwartz, J. 1 Uusitalo, J. 1 Walters, W. B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439, USA  2: University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, UK  3: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NILSSON model; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: HALF-life (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ginter, T. N.
AU  - Batchelder, J. C.
AU  - Bingham, C. R.
AU  - Gross, C. J.
AU  - Grzywacz, R.
AU  - Hamilton, J. H.
AU  - Janas, Z.
AU  - Piechaczek, A.
AU  - Ramayya, A. V.
AU  - Rykaczewski, K.
AU  - Walters, W. B.
AU  - Zganjar, E. F.
T1  - A Search for Neutron Single-Particle States Populated Via Proton Emission from [sup146]Tm.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 88
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We studied the proton emission from [sup146][sub69]Tm[sub77] and observed three new transitions. New transition at 0.89 and 0.93 MeV have half-lives similar to that of the previously observed transition at 1.19 MeV, while a new transition at 1.02 MeV has a half-life similar to that of the previously observed transition at 1.12 MeV. These new transitions indicate the population of excited neutron single-particle states in [sup145][sub68]Er[sub77] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - THULIUM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11816832; Ginter, T. N. 1 Batchelder, J. C. 2 Bingham, C. R. 3,4 Gross, C. J. 4,5 Grzywacz, R. 3,6 Hamilton, J. H. 1 Janas, Z. 6 Piechaczek, A. 7 Ramayya, A. V. 1 Rykaczewski, K. 4,6 Walters, W. B. 8 Zganjar, E. F. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37234  2: UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  4: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  5: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  6: Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, PL-00681 Warsaw, Hoza 69, Poland  7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803  8: Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p83; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: THULIUM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rowe, M. W.
AU  - Batchelder, J. C.
AU  - Ninov, V.
AU  - Gregorich, K. E.
AU  - Toth, K. S.
AU  - Bingham, C. R.
AU  - Piechaczek, A.
AU  - Xu, X. J.
AU  - Powell, J.
AU  - Joosten, R.
AU  - Cerny, Joseph
T1  - Recent Studies of Proton Drip-Line Nuclei Using the Berkeley Gas-Filled Separator.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 104
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Berkeley Gas-filled Separator provides new research opportunities at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's 88-Inch Cyclotron. The use of this apparatus for the study of proton drip-line nuclides is discussed. Preliminary results of [sup78]Kr bombardments of [sup102]Pd targets at mid-target energies of 360, 375 and 385 MeV are presented. Improvements planned partially as a result of this measurement are also discussed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEPARATORS (Machines)
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - CHEMICAL engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - GASES -- Separation
KW  - LABORATORIES
N1  - Accession Number: 11816734; Rowe, M. W. 1 Batchelder, J. C. 2 Ninov, V. 1 Gregorich, K. E. 1 Toth, K. S. 3 Bingham, C. R. 3,4 Piechaczek, A. 5 Xu, X. J. 1,6 Powell, J. 1 Joosten, R. 1 Cerny, Joseph 1,7; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 88, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, California 94720  2: UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Department of Physics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  5: Lousiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803  6: Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, 730000, China  7: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: SEPARATORS (Machines); Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: GASES -- Separation; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Woods, P. J.
AU  - Ressler, J. J.
AU  - Davids, C. N.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Sonzogni, A. A.
AU  - Uusitalo, J.
AU  - Walters, W. B.
AU  - Caggiano, J. A.
AU  - Carpenter, M. P.
AU  - Cizewski, J. A.
AU  - Davinson, T.
AU  - Ding, K. Y.
AU  - Fotiades, N.
AU  - Garg, U.
AU  - Janssens, R. V. F.
AU  - Khoo, T.-L.
AU  - Kondev, F. G.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
T1  - In-beam Studies of Proton Emitters using the Recoil-Decay Tagging Method.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
EP  - 121
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The last five years have witnessed a rapid increase in the volume of data on proton decaying nuclei. The path was led by decay studies with recoil mass separators equipped with double-sided Si strip detectors. The properties of many proton decaying states were deduced, which triggered renewed theoretical interest in the process of proton decay. The decay experiments were closely followed by in-beam 7-ray studies which extended our knowledge of high-spin states of proton emitters. The unparalleled selectivity of the Recoil-Decay Tagging method combined with the high efficiency of large arrays of Ge detectors allowed, despite small cross sections and overwhelming background from strong reaction channels, the observation of excited states in several proton emitters. Recently, in-beam studies of the deformed proton emitters [sup141]Ho and [sup131]Eu have been performed with the GAMMASPHERE array of Ge detectors and the Fragment Mass Analyzer at ATLAS. Evidence was found for rotational bands in [sup141]Ho and [sup131]Eu. The deformations and the single-particle configurations proposed for the proton emitting states from the earlier proton-decay studies were confronted with the assignments deduced based on the in-beam data. It should be noted that the cross section for populating [sup131]Eu is only about 50 nb, and it represents the weakest channel ever studied in an in-beam experiment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON decay
KW  - GAMMASPHERE
KW  - GAMMA ray detectors
KW  - SEPARATORS (Machines)
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11816740; Seweryniak, D. 1,2 Woods, P. J. 3 Ressler, J. J. 2 Davids, C. N. 1 Heinz, A. 1 Sonzogni, A. A. 1 Uusitalo, J. 1 Walters, W. B. 2 Caggiano, J. A. 1 Carpenter, M. P. 1 Cizewski, J. A. 4 Davinson, T. 3 Ding, K. Y. 4 Fotiades, N. 4 Garg, U. 5 Janssens, R. V. F. 1 Khoo, T.-L. 1 Kondev, F. G. 1 Lauritsen, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA  2: University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA  3: University of edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom  4: Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA  5: University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p112; Subject Term: PROTON decay; Subject Term: GAMMASPHERE; Subject Term: GAMMA ray detectors; Subject Term: SEPARATORS (Machines); Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kruppa, A. T.
AU  - Nazarewicz, W.
AU  - Semmes, P. B.
T1  - Resonances in deformed nuclei: R-matrix theory and oscillator expansion.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 183
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Single-particle resonances in deformed nuclei are considered using the coupled-channel Schrödinger equation method with the outgoing boundary conditions. Two variants of this method are investigated: the non-adiabatic one (based on the weak-coupling scheme) and the adiabatic one (based on the strong coupling). The R-matrix theory and the Gamow state approach are discussed and compared with each other. It is shown that the widths of very narrow proton resonances can be calculated by combining the harmonic oscillator expansion method with the R-matrix approach [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
N1  - Accession Number: 11816759; Kruppa, A. T. 1,2,3 Nazarewicz, W. 3,4,5 Semmes, P. B. 6; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4001 Debrecen, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen, Hungary  2: Joint Institute for Heavy on Research, Oak Ridge, tennessee 37831  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  5: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoza 69, PL-00681, Warsaw, Poland  6: Physics Department, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p173; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vertse, T.
AU  - Kruppa, A. T.
AU  - Barmore, B.
AU  - Nazarewicz, W.
AU  - Ixaru, L. Gr.
AU  - Rizea, M.
T1  - Proton emission from Gamow resonance.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
EP  - 193
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We developed two computer codes: CCGAMOW and NONADI for calculating the complex energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of deformed Gamow resonances with high accuracy by using the piecewise perturbation method. The code CCGAMOW calculates resonant Nilsson orbitals using the adiabatic approximation in which the energies of the ground and excited rotational states of the daughter nucleus are degenerate. In the code NONADI this approximation is lifted and the rotational degree of freedom of the core and the Coriolis coupling in the parent nucleus are taken into account. The difference between adiabatic and non-adiabatic approaches is found to be non-negligible for the proton emission from the ground state of [sub141]Ho [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - INTEGRAL equations -- Numerical solutions
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions
KW  - EIGENFUNCTIONS
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11816761; Vertse, T. 1,2 Kruppa, A. T. 1,2 Barmore, B. 2,3,4 Nazarewicz, W. 3,4,5 Ixaru, L. Gr. 6 Rizea, M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4001 Debrecen, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen, Hungary  2: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  4: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  5: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, Ul. Hoza 69, PL-00681, Warsaw, Poland  6: Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering "Horia Hulubei", P.O. Box MG-6, Bucharest, Romania; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p184; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: INTEGRAL equations -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: EIGENFUNCTIONS; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Talou, Patrick
T1  - DYNAMICAL CALCULATION OF PROTON EMISSION FROM A DEFORMED TO A SPHERICAL NUCLEUS.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
EP  - 199
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The proton decay of a deformed nucleus which undergoes shape modifications during the emission process is investigated through the use of the TDSE approach developed recently. Qualitative and illustrative preliminary calculations are presented for high-energy excited states in [sup58]Cu. Tunneling probabilities, decay rates and angular distributions of proton emission are calculated and their dependency upon the (time-dependent) deformation of the potential is investigated [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON decay
KW  - ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11816764; Talou, Patrick 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p194; Subject Term: PROTON decay; Subject Term: ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davids, Cary N.
AU  - Esbensen, Henning
T1  - Decay Rates for Spherical and Deformed Proton Emitters.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
EP  - 208
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Using Green‘s function techniques, we derive expressions for the width of a proton decaying state in spherical and deformed nuclei. We show that the proton decay widths calculated by the “exact” expressions of Maglione et al. are equivalent to the distorted wave expressions of Bugrov et al., and that of Aberg et al. in the spherical case [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON decay
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COMPOUND nucleus
N1  - Accession Number: 11816767; Davids, Cary N. 1 Esbensen, Henning 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p200; Subject Term: PROTON decay; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COMPOUND nucleus; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mihaila, Bogdan
AU  - Gurvitz, Shmuel A.
AU  - Dean, David
AU  - Nazarewicz, Witold
T1  - Asymptotic Behavior of the Wave Packet Propagation through a Barrier : the Green's Function Approach Revisited.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 222
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - To model the decay of a quasibound state we use the modified two-potential approach introduced by Gurvitz and Kalbermann [1,2]. This method has proved itself useful in the past for calculating the decay width and the energy shift of an isolated quasistationary state [5]. We follow the same approach in order to propagate the wave-packet in time with the ultimate goal of extracting the momentum-distribution of emitted particles. The advantage of the method is that it provides the time-dependent wave function in a simple semi-analytic form. We intend to apply this method to the modeling of metastable states for which no direct integration of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation is available today [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE packets
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PROTON decay
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR models
N1  - Accession Number: 11816773; Mihaila, Bogdan 1,2 Gurvitz, Shmuel A. 3,4 Dean, David 1,5 Nazarewicz, Witold 1,5,6; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  2: Chemistry and Physics Department, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC 29528-6054  3: Department of Physics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  4: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  5: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996  6: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, Iloza 69, PL-00681, Warsaw, Poland; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p217; Subject Term: WAVE packets; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PROTON decay; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carjan, N.
AU  - Talou, P.
AU  - Rizea, M.
AU  - Strottman, D.
T1  - Proton-emitting nuclei in a time dependent formalism.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 226
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The time-dependent approach to calculate half-lives for proton-emitting nuclei is reviewed. Doubts about the practicability of this new method are eliminated by showing that it directly leads to the main observable (the average decay rate), that the result does not depend on the prescription used to prepare the initial state or to define the nuclear border and that the method can be applied to low-lying as well as to highly excited states [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTON decay
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11816776; Carjan, N. 1 Talou, P. 2 Rizea, M. 3 Strottman, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, 33175 Gradignan, France  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Institute of physics and Nuclear Engineering, P.O. Box MG-6, Bucharest, Romania; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p223; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTON decay; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ormand, W. E.
T1  - Isospin-Forbidden β-delayed Proton Emission.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 284
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The effects of isospin-symmetry breaking on proton emission following β-decay to the isobaric analog state are discussed in detail. Of particular importance is the mixing with a dense background of lower isospin states, whose properties are not well known. The possibility of observing T=4 states in even-even, N=Z nuclei, which is viable if the decay proceeds via isospin-forbidden particle emission, is also discussed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOBARIC spin
KW  - DELAYED protons
KW  - BROKEN symmetry (Physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR models
N1  - Accession Number: 11816795; Ormand, W. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-414, P.O. BOX 808, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p275; Subject Term: ISOBARIC spin; Subject Term: DELAYED protons; Subject Term: BROKEN symmetry (Physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bingham, C. R.
AU  - Batchelder, J. C.
AU  - Ginter, T. N.
AU  - Gross, C. J.
AU  - Grzywacz, R.
AU  - Janas, Z.
AU  - Karny, M.
AU  - McConnell, J. W.
AU  - Rykaczewski, K.
AU  - Toth, K. S.
AU  - Zganjar, E. F.
T1  - Prospects for Future Proton Studies at HRIBF.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2000/06/03/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 306
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Great progress has been made in the last 20 years in the study of proton emission from unstable nuclei, but the prospects for additional strides in the next several years are bright. The present main limitations on the study of proton radioactivity are related to the inability to produce copious quantities of nuclides beyond the proton drip line, and the difficulty of measuring proton radioactivity of a mass-separated nucleus in the first few microseconds of its existence. At the Holifield Facility we will attack the second of these limitations by using new signal processing CAMAC modules DGF-4C. Digitizing of the preamplifier signals should enable the analysis of a proton decay occurring at times even less than 1 microsecond after an implant in a strip detector. In the same process, the threshold energy at which we can make measurements will be lowered. These two things will hopefully enable the measurement of lower-energy, but faster decays of isotopes in the [sup100]Sn region and below. For the latter region, the proton decays crucial for a rp-process scenario are of particular interest (e.g. [sup69]Br decay). Secondly, for very short-lived species, we plan to make measurements (without residue separation) at points much closer to the target, thus reducing the flight time between the target and detector. As more intense radioactive beams become available, eg. [sup56]Ni, we will utilize these to produce more neutron-deficient nuclides by use of colder reactions than is possible with stable beams. In some cases where delayed proton emitters are present in the same isobaric chain, the use of the cold reactions with radioactive beams can provide purer samples of the isotope of interest, with a reduction in background from the delayed proton emitters in the same mass chain [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY measurements
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PROTON decay
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 11816805; Bingham, C. R. 1,2 Batchelder, J. C. 3 Ginter, T. N. 4 Gross, C. J. 2,5 Grzywacz, R. 1,6 Janas, Z. 6,7 Karny, M. 1,6,7 McConnell, J. W. 2 Rykaczewski, K. 2,6 Toth, K. S. 2 Zganjar, E. F. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  4: Department of Physics, Vonderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  5: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  6: IEP, Warsaw University, 00681 Warsaw, Hoza 69, Poland  7: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p297; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY measurements; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PROTON decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
AU  - Neale, Anne C.
AU  - Nash, Maliha S.
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
AU  - Wickham, James D.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - van Remortel, Rick D.
T1  - Landscape Correlates of Breeding Bird Richness Across the United States Mid-Atlantic Region.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2000/06/15/
VL  - 63
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 174
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Using a new set of landscape indicator data generated by the U.S.EPA, and a comprehensive breeding bird database from the National Breeding Bird Survey, we evaluated associations between breeding bird richness and landscape characteristics across the entire mid-Atlantic region of the United States. We evaluated how these relationships varied among different groupings (guilds) of birds based on functional, structural, and compositional aspects of individual species demographics. Forest edge was by far the most important landscape attribute affecting the richness of the lumped specialist and generalist guilds; specialist species richness was negatively associated with forest edge and generalist richness was positively associated with forest edge. Landscape variables (indicators) explained a greater proportion of specialist species richness than the generalist guild (46% and 31%, respectively). The lower value in generalists may reflect finer-scale distributions of open habitat that go undetected by the Landsat satellite, open habitats created by roads (the areas from which breeding bird data are obtained), and the lumping of a wide variety of species into the generalist category. A further breakdown of species into 16 guilds showed considerable variation in the response of breeding birds to landscape conditions; forest obligate species had the strongest association with landscape indicators measured in this study (55% of the total variation explained) and forest generalists and open ground nesters the lowest (17% of the total variation explained). The variable response of guild species richness to landscape pattern suggests that one must consider species' demographics when assessing the consequences of landscape change on breeding birds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bird watching
KW  - Landscape changes
KW  - Ecological surveys
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Bird surveys
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 15605459; Jones, K. Bruce 1; Neale, Anne C. 1; Nash, Maliha S. 1; Riitters, Kurt H. 2; Wickham, James D. 3; O'Neill, Robert V. 4; van Remortel, Rick D. 5; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV USA; 2: U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Raleigh, NC USA; 3: US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC USA; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA; 5: Lockheed-Martin, Las Vegas, NV USA; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 63 Issue 1, p159; Thesaurus Term: Bird watching; Thesaurus Term: Landscape changes; Thesaurus Term: Ecological surveys; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Bird surveys; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sessler, Andrew M.
T1  - Setbacks don't dampen the energy of US physics.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2000/06/15/
VL  - 405
IS  - 6788
M3  - Article
SP  - 733
EP  - 733
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
N1  - Accession Number: 89584768; Sessler, Andrew M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 6/15/2000, Vol. 405 Issue 6788, p733; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, Kell B.
AU  - Baldocchi, Dennis D.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
T1  - Quantifying stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to carbon assimilation resulting from leaf aging and drought in mature deciduous tree species.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2000/06/15/
VL  - 20
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 787
EP  - 797
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Gas exchange techniques were used to investigate light-saturated carbon assimilation and its stomatal and non-stomatal limitations over two seasons in mature trees of five species in a closed deciduous forest. Stomatal and non-stomatal contributions to decreases in assimilation resulting from leaf age and drought were quantified relative to the maximum rates obtained early in the season at optimal soil water contents. Although carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity (Vcmax) decreased with leaf age, decreases in Vcmax accounted for about 75% of the leaf-age related reduction in light-saturated assimilation rates, with a secondary role for stomatal conductance (around 25%). However, when considered independently from leaf age, the drought response was dominated by stomatal limitations, accounting for about 75% of the total limitation. Some of the analytical difficulties associated with computing limitation partitioning are discussed, including path dependence, patchy stomatal closure and diffusion in the mesophyll. Although these considerations may introduce errors in our estimates, our analysis establishes some reasonable boundaries on relative limitations and shows differences between drought and non-drought years. Estimating seasonal limitations under natural conditions, as shown in this study, provides a useful basis for comparing limitation processes between years and species. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Droughts
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Trees
KW  - A/Ci curve
KW  - leaf age
KW  - maple
KW  - oak
KW  - photosynthetic limitations
KW  - stomata
N1  - Accession Number: 51808610; Wilson, Kell B. 1; Baldocchi, Dennis D. 1,2; Hanson, Paul J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, NOAA, P.O. Box 2456, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2: Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 151 Hilgard Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: Jun2000, Vol. 20 Issue 12, p787; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Thesaurus Term: Droughts; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: A/Ci curve; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf age; Author-Supplied Keyword: maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetic limitations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomata; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hörz, Fredrich
AU  - Muller, Richard A.
AU  - Becker, Timothy A.
AU  - Culler, Timothy S.
AU  - Karner, Daniel B.
AU  - Renne, Paul R.
T1  - Time-Variable Cratering Rates?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2000/06/23/
VL  - 288
IS  - 5474
M3  - Article
SP  - 2095a
EP  - 2095a
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 96412405; Hörz, Fredrich 1; Email Address: Friedrich.Horz@jsc.nasa.gov Muller, Richard A. 2; Email Address: ramuller@lbl.gov Becker, Timothy A. 3 Culler, Timothy S. 4 Karner, Daniel B. 5 Renne, Paul R. 6; Affiliation:  1: Planetary Sciences Branch, SN2, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA  2: Department of Physics and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Berkeley Geochronology Center, 2455 Ridge Road, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA  4: Department of Geology and Geophysics and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Department of Physics and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of California at Berkeley and Berkeley Geochronology Center, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 6/23/2000, Vol. 288 Issue 5474, p2095a; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1126/science.288.5474.2095a
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reilly, P. T. A.
AU  - Lazar, A. C.
AU  - Gieray, R. A.
AU  - Whitten, W. B.
AU  - Ramsey, J. M.
T1  - The Elucidation of Charge-Transfer-Induced Matrix Effects in Environmental Aerosols Via Real-Time Aerosol Mass Spectral Analysis of Individual Airborne Particles.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 152
SN  - 02786826
AB  - Matrix effects in real-time aerosol mass spectrometry (RTAMS) were investigated using Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) obtained from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Suppression of major component ions by much less concentrated species was observed. Attempts were made to mimic the ion suppression using binary systems but were unsuccessful. Data are presented that suggest the origin of the matrix effect is charge transfer induced neutralization in the ablation plume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 3972978; Reilly, P. T. A. 1 Lazar, A. C. 1 Gieray, R. A. 1 Whitten, W. B. 1 Ramsey, J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY; Source Info: Jul2000, Vol. 33 Issue 1/2, p135; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/027868200410895
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeffrey  Amthor
T1  - The McCree–de Wit–Penning de Vries–Thornley Respiration Paradigms: 30 Years Later.
JO  - Annals of Botany
JF  - Annals of Botany
Y1  - 2000/07/01/
VL  - 86
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 03057364
AB  - To grow, an organism must respire substrates to produce C-skeleton intermediates, usable energy (i.e. ATP), and reducing power [i.e. NAD(P)H] to support biosynthesis and related processes such as active transport of substrates. Respiration is also needed—mainly as a supplier of ATP—to maintain existing biomass in a functional state. As a result, quantifying links between respiration, growth, and maintenance are needed to assess potential plant productivity, to understand plant responses to environmental factors, and as the basis of cost-benefit analyses of alternative uses of photosynthate. Beginning 30 years ago, and continuing for about 5 years, rapid advances were made in understanding and quantifying relationships between respiration and the processes it supports. Progress has continued since then, though often as refinements rather than novel advances. The simplest framework (i.e. paradigm) for relating respiration to other processes divides respiration into growth and maintenance fractions. This often involves a combination of empiricism and mechanism. A three-component framework (growth, maintenance and wastage) has also been considered, although quantifying wastage (theoretically or empirically) remains problematic. The more general and flexible framework, called the general paradigm(GP, herein), relates respiration to any number of individual processes that it supports. The most important processes (from C and energy balance perspectives) identified to date that require respiration are: biosynthesis of new structural biomass, translocation of photosynthate from sources to sinks, uptake of ions from the soil solution, assimilation of N (including N2) and S into organic compounds, protein turnover, and cellular ion-gradient maintenance. In addition, some part of respiration may be associated with wastage (e.g. futile cycles and mitochondrial electron transport uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation). Most importantly, the GP can (semi-)mechanistically relate respiration to underlying physiology and biochemistry. The GP is more complicated than other approaches to describing or modelling respiration because it is more realistic, complete and mechanistic. This review describes a history of the GP and its present state. Future research questions are suggested. Copyright 2000 Annals of Botany Company [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Botany is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 44659488; Jeffrey  Amthor 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Mail Stop 6422, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Vol. 86 Issue 1, p1; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graves, Todd L.
AU  - Karr, Alan F.
AU  - Marron, J. S.
AU  - Siy, Harvey
T1  - Predicting Fault Incidence Using Software Change History.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 661
SN  - 00985589
AB  - This paper is an attempt to understand the processes by which software ages. We define code to be aged or decayed if its structure makes it unnecessarily difficult to understand or change and we measure the extent of decay by counting the number of faults in code in a period of time. Using change management data from a very large, long-lived software system, we explore the extent to which measurements from the change history are successful in predicting the distribution over modules of these incidences of faults. In general, process measures based on the change history are more useful in predicting fault rates than product metrics of the code: For instance, the number of times code has been changed is a better indication of how many faults it will contain than is its length. We also compare the fault rates of code of various ages, finding that if a module is, on the average, a year older than an otherwise similar module, the older module will have roughly a third fewer faults. Our most successful model measures the fault potential of a module as the sum of contributions from all of the times the module has been changed, with large, recent changes receiving the most weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - SOFTWARE measurement
KW  - LINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - change management data
KW  - code decay
KW  - Fault potential
KW  - generalized linear models.
KW  - metrics
KW  - statistical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11942766; Graves, Todd L. 1; Email Address: tgraves@lanl.gov. Karr, Alan F. 2; Email Address: hpsiy@lucent.com. Marron, J. S. 3; Email Address: karr@niss.org. Siy, Harvey 4; Email Address: marron@stat.unc.edu.; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F600, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  2: Lucent Technologies, Naperville, IL 60566.  3: National Institute of Statistical Sciences, P0 Box 14006, Research Triangle Park, NC 2 7709-4006.  4: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3260.; Source Info: Jul2000, Vol. 26 Issue 7, p653; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: SOFTWARE measurement; Subject Term: LINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: change management data; Author-Supplied Keyword: code decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fault potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: generalized linear models.; Author-Supplied Keyword: metrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: statistical analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foster, K. T.
AU  - Sugiyama, G.
AU  - Nasstrom, J. S.
AU  - Leone Jr., J. M.
AU  - Chan, S. T.
AU  - Bowen, B. M.
T1  - The use of an operational model evaluation system for model intercomparison.
JO  - International Journal of Environment & Pollution
JF  - International Journal of Environment & Pollution
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 09574352
AB  - Describes a model evaluation system for the study of the capabilities and performance of operational atmospheric transport and dispersion models. Statistical methods used in the system; Features of the database supporting the system; Applications of the system.
KW  - Atmospheric deposition
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Model validation
KW  - Databases
N1  - Accession Number: 10906258; Foster, K. T. 1; Sugiyama, G. 1; Nasstrom, J. S. 1; Leone Jr., J. M. 1; Chan, S. T. 1; Bowen, B. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Atmosheric Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Issue Info: 2000, Vol. 14 Issue 1-6, p1; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric deposition; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Thesaurus Term: Model validation; Subject Term: Databases; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sari-Sarraf, Hamed
AU  - Goddard Jr., James S.
AU  - Abidi, Besma R.
AU  - Hunt, Martin A.
T1  - Vision system for on-line characterization of paper slurry <FNR></FNR><FN>This article is a U.S. Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. </FN>.
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 242
SN  - 08999457
AB  - This paper presents a detailed description of a vision system that detects and localizes the nonuniformities that appear on the paper slurry (wood fiber and water mixture) at the wet end of a paper machine. Specifically, the system monitors the paper slurry as it exits the headbox and alerts the operators of any event (e.g., streaks) that disrupts the otherwise homogeneous background. These events affect crucial product properties such as formation. A poor formation results in thick and thin spots on the sheet and impacts its strength and printability. This paper describes the vision system in terms of its hardware modules, as well as the image processing algorithms that it utilizes to perform its function. The system acquires intensity and topographic information from the scene. It uses texture-based features for the detection and facet-based descriptors for the localization of the nonuniformities. In addition to being tested in a laboratory environment, a prototype of this system was constructed and deployed to a paper mill, where its performance was evaluated under realistic conditions. Installed on a fourdrinier paper machine, running at 480 m/min and producing linerboard material, the vision system monitored about a 1 m wide area and successfully detected and localized slurry streaks. Published 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 11, 231–242, 2000 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - PAPERMAKING
KW  - PAPERMAKING machinery
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - PAPER industry
N1  - Accession Number: 13509971; Sari-Sarraf, Hamed 1; Email Address: Hamed.Sari-Sarraf@ttu.edu Goddard Jr., James S. 2 Abidi, Besma R. 2 Hunt, Martin A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-3102  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6011; Source Info: Jul2000, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p231; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: PAPERMAKING; Subject Term: PAPERMAKING machinery; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: PAPER industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 322121 Paper (except Newsprint) Mills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424110 Printing and Writing Paper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424130 Industrial and Personal Service Paper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333243 Sawmill, Woodworking, and Paper Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333247 Paper industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luojian Chen
AU  - Berry, Michael W.
AU  - Hargrove, William W.
T1  - Using dendronal signatures for feature extraction and retrieval.
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 253
SN  - 08999457
AB  - A dendrone is a hierarchical thresholding structure that can be automatically generated from a complex image. The dendrone structure captures the connectedness of objects and subobjects during successive brightness thresholding. Based on connectedness and changes in intensity contours, dendronic representations of objects in images capture the coarse-to-fine unfolding of finer and finer detail, creating a unique signature for target objects that is invariant to lighting, scale, and placement of the object within the image. Subdendrones within the hierarchy are recognizable as objects within the picture. Complex composite images can be autonomously analyzed to determine if they contain the unique dendronic signatures of particular target objects of interest. In this paper, we describe the initial design of the dendronic image characterization environment (DICE) for the generation of dendronic signatures from complex multiband remote imagery. By comparing subdendrones within an image to dendronic signatures of target objects of interest, DICE can be used to match/retrieve target features from a library of composite images. The DICE framework can organize and support a number of alternative object recognition and comparison techniques, depending on the application domain. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol 11, 243–253, 2000 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - DATABASE management
KW  - RELATIONAL databases
KW  - DIGITAL image processing
KW  - COMPUTER science
N1  - Accession Number: 13509970; Luojian Chen 1; Email Address: lchen@cs.utk.edu Berry, Michael W. 1; Email Address: berry@cs.utk.edu Hargrove, William W. 2; Email Address: hnw@fire.esd.ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, 203 Claxton Complex, Knoxville, TN 37996-3450  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computational Physics and Engineering Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6274; Source Info: Jul2000, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p243; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: DATABASE management; Subject Term: RELATIONAL databases; Subject Term: DIGITAL image processing; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fortin, M. -J.
AU  - Olson, R. J.
AU  - Ferson, S.
AU  - Iverson, L.
AU  - Hunsaker, C.
AU  - Edwards, G.
AU  - Levine, D.
AU  - Butera, K.
AU  - Klemas, V.
T1  - Issues related to the detection of boundaries.
JO  - Landscape Ecology
JF  - Landscape Ecology
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
EP  - 466
SN  - 09212973
AB  - Discusses several issues related to the detection of environmental boundaries. Features of ecotones; Role of ecotones in ecosystem dynamics; Effect of the delineation of ecotones, in land-use management planning.
KW  - Ecotones
KW  - Land use -- Planning
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Landscape construction
N1  - Accession Number: 13997372; Fortin, M. -J. 1; Email Address: form@poste.umontreal.ca; Olson, R. J. 2; Email Address: rjo@ornl.gov; Ferson, S.; Email Address: scott@ramas.com; Iverson, L. 3; Email Address: liverson/ne_de@fs.fed.us; Hunsaker, C. 4; Email Address: Carolyn.Hunsaker/psw_fresno@fs.fed.us; Edwards, G. 5; Email Address: Geoffrey.Edwards@scg.ulaval.ca; Levine, D. 6; Email Address: oki@ornl.gov; Butera, K.; Email Address: buterak@dncorp.com; Klemas, V. 7; Email Address: Klemas@udel.edu; Affiliations: 1: School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simonfraser University, Burnabay (B.C.) Canada.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407, USA.; 3: USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Road, Delaware, OH 43015, USA.; 4: USDA Forest Service, 2081 E. Sierra Avenue, Fresno, CA 93710, USA.; 5: Centre de recherche en géomatique, Université Laval Sainte Foy (Québec) G1K 7P4, Canada.; 6: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6274, USA.; 7: Center for Remote Sensing, University of Delaware, 107A Robinson Hall, Newark, DE 19716-3501, USA.; Issue Info: Jul2000, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p453; Thesaurus Term: Ecotones; Thesaurus Term: Land use -- Planning; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: Landscape construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541320 Landscape Architectural Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 925120 Administration of Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard
AU  - Fitter, Alastair
AU  - Jackson, Robert
T1  - Editorial.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 147
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - This Special Issue of New Phytologist contains the latest information and new ideas about how root dynamics might alter in the face of a globally changing environment. The importance of this topic is clear: changes in the production and turnover of roots in forests and grasslands in response to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, elevated temperatures, altered precipitation, or nitrogen deposition could be a key link between plant responses and longer-term changes in soil organic matter and ecosystem carbon balance. The introductory review (Norby & Jackson, 2000), which draws together the different contributions to the volume, asks three central questions: • Do elevated atmospheric CO2, nitrogen deposition, and climatic change alter the dynamics of root production and mortality? • How do physiological responses of roots to global change factors impact whole-plant and ecosystem metabolism? • What are the implications of root dynamics for soil microbial communities and the fate of carbon in soil? Ecosystem-level observations of root production and mortality in response to global change factors are just starting to emerge. The challenge to root biologists is to overcome the profound methodological and analytical problems and assemble a more comprehensive data set from which ecosystem responses can be explained. The commissioned reviews and research papers in this volume attempt to meet that challenge. Following the introductory review, three papers provide a framework for subsequent analyses by presenting a global perspective on root turnover, a review of morphological and physiological attributes of roots, and a discussion of concepts of carbon allocation in plants. This is followed by a series of papers describing experimental studies on the effects of elevated CO2 and climatic change in various ecosystems. Three papers consider the physiological responses of roots to global change factors, followed by three papers reviewing mycorrhizal interactions and soil biology, and the implications for carbon sequestration in soil. The final paper returns to a global perspective with an analysis of how roots are handled in models of global change. Throughout these articles there is information on topics such as methodology for studying root dynamics, the major gaps in our knowledge, and the idea that leaves are a good analogy for roots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - GLOBAL environmental change
N1  - Accession Number: 66395438; Norby, Richard 1 Fitter, Alastair 2 Jackson, Robert 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: University of York, UK  3: Duke University, USA; Source Info: Jul2000, Vol. 147 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Subject Term: GLOBAL environmental change; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00674.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - NORBY, RICHARD J.
AU  - JACKSON, ROBERT B.
T1  - Root dynamics and global change: seeking an ecosystem perspective.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 147
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 12
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Changes in the production and turnover of roots in forests and grasslands in response to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, elevated temperatures, altered precipitation, or nitrogen deposition could be a key link between plant responses and longer-term changes in soil organic matter and ecosystem carbon balance. Here we summarize the experimental observations, ideas, and new hypotheses developed in this area in the rest of this volume. Three central questions are posed. Do elevated atmospheric CO2, nitrogen deposition, and climatic change alter the dynamics of root production and mortality? What are the consequences of root responses to plant physiological processes? What are the implications of root dynamics to soil microbial communities and the fate of carbon in soil? Ecosystem-level observations of root production and mortality in response to global change parameters are just starting to emerge. The challenge to root biologists is to overcome the profound methodological and analytical problems and assemble a more comprehensive data set with sufficient ancillary data that differences between ecosystems can be explained. The assemblage of information reported herein on global patterns of root turnover, basic root biology that controls responses to environmental variables, and new observations of root and associated microbial responses to atmospheric and climatic change helps to sharpen our questions and stimulate new research approaches. New hypotheses have been developed to explain why responses of root turnover might differ in contrasting systems, how carbon allocation to roots is controlled, and how species differences in root chemistry might explain the ultimate fate of carbon in soil. These hypotheses and the enthusiasm for pursuing them are based on the firm belief that a deeper understanding of root dynamics is critical to describing the integrated response of ecosystems to global change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - GLOBAL environmental change
KW  - MYCORRHIZAS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 66395423; NORBY, RICHARD J. 1 JACKSON, ROBERT B. 1; Affiliation:  1: 1 Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Source Info: Jul2000, Vol. 147 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: GLOBAL environmental change; Subject Term: MYCORRHIZAS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00676.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaaf, G. D.
AU  - Roth, J.
AU  - Trebin, H.-R.
AU  - Mikulla, R.
T1  - Numerical simulation of dislocation motion in three-dimensional icosahedral quasicrystals.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine A
JF  - Philosophical Magazine A
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 80
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1657
EP  - 1668
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01418610
AB  - In a large number of experiments it has been shown that plastic deformation of quasicrystals can occur by a dislocation mechanism. By molecular dynamics simulations close to zero temperature we have investigated the application of shear stress to a three-dimensional model quasicrystal consisting of Lennard-Jones particles and containing an edge dislocation of the Peierls-Nabarro type. Various visualization methods have been used to trace the dislocation line. To determine suitable Burgers vectors we have calculated the gamma surface, that is the misfit energy obtained by a rigid shift of two probe halves along a glide plane. Glide motion of the dislocation on different glide planes was observed. In its wake a plane of phasonic defects was detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 5479500; Schaaf, G. D. 1 Roth, J. 1 Trebin, H.-R. 1 Mikulla, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische und Angewandte Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Center for Nonlinear Science, MS-B258, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2000, Vol. 80 Issue 7, p1657; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/01418610050058560
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yi A. Li
AU  - Promislow, Keith
T1  - THE MECHANISM OF THE POLARIZATIONAL MODE INSTABILITY IN BIREFRINGENT FIBER OPTICS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1351
EP  - 1373
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361410
AB  - We show that the soliton solutions of the integrable Manakovequation exhibit an instability under arbitrarily small Hamiltonian perturbations. The instability arises from eigenvalues embedded in the essential spectrum of the associated linearized operators; these eigenvalues are dislodged by smooth perturbations. Specifically we consider perturbations which arise in fiber optics as a result of birefringence, including the so-called four-wave mixing term. Employing the Evans function and a Dirichlet expansion on the stable manifold of the linearized system,we obtain rigorous perturbation results and compute the stability diagram of the fast wave for all physical values of the birefringent parameters, using a novel numerical scheme derived from the Dirichlet expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - FIBER optics
KW  - DIRICHLET series
KW  - Dirichlet expansion
KW  - Evans function
KW  - polarization mode instability
KW  - traveling waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13209003; Yi A. Li 1; Email Address: yili@cs.stevens-tech.edu Promislow, Keith 2; Email Address: kpromisl@sfu.ca; Affiliation:  1: CNLS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p1351; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: FIBER optics; Subject Term: DIRICHLET series; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dirichlet expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evans function; Author-Supplied Keyword: polarization mode instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: traveling waves; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - French, Nina Bergen
AU  - Bergen French, Nina
AU  - Haas, William
AU  - Priebe, Stephen
T1  - Status of Multimetal Continuous Emission Monitoring Technologies.
JO  - Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2000/07//
VL  - 15
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 32
PB  - Advanstar Communications Inc.
SN  - 08876703
AB  - Presents a summary of the technical status of four multimetal continuous emission monitoring (CEM) technologies under development in the U.S. and abroad.  Descriptions of multimetal CEM technology; Details of multimetal CEM field test results; Discussion on issues that must be addressed before the technologies can be validated and accepted as CEM technologies.
KW  - CONTINUOUS emission monitoring
KW  - AIR quality management
N1  - Accession Number: 6595399; French, Nina Bergen Bergen French, Nina 1; Email Address: nina@skyplus.com Haas, William 2; Email Address: haas@ameslab.gov Priebe, Stephen 3; Email Address: priebesj@inel.gov; Affiliation:  1: President of Sky+ Ltd., an engineering company specializing in development and implementation of advanced instrumentation and manufacturing technologies  2: Research advisor at Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University  3: Advisory engineer at Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory; Source Info: Jul2000, Vol. 15 Issue 7, p24; Subject Term: CONTINUOUS emission monitoring; Subject Term: AIR quality management; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Color Photographs, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4676
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lauer, Sabine
AU  - VanWye, Jeffrey
AU  - Harrison, Travis
AU  - McManus, Heather
AU  - Samuel, Benjamin U.
AU  - Hiller, N. Luisa
AU  - Mohandas, Narla
AU  - Haldar, Kasturi
T1  - Vacuolar uptake of host components, and a role for cholesterol and sphingomyelin in malarial infection.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2000/07/15/
VL  - 19
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3556
EP  - 3564
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Erythrocytes, which are incapable of endocytosis or phagocytosis, can be infected by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. We find that a transmembrane protein (Dully), glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored and cytoplasmic proteins, associated with detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) that are characteristic of microdomains in host cell membranes, are internalized by vacuolar parasites, while the major integral membrane and cytoskeletal proteins are not. The internalized host proteins and a plasmodial transmembrane resident parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) protein are detected in DRMs associated with vacuolar parasites. This is the first report of a host transmembrane protein being recruited into an apicomplexan vacuole and of the presence of vacuolar DRMs; it establishes that integral association does not preclude protein internalization into the P.falciparum vacuole. Rather, as shown for Duffy, intracellular accumulation occurs at the same rate as that seen for a DRM-associated GPI-anchored protein. Furthermore, novel mechanisms regulated by the DRM lipids, sphingomyelin and cholesterol, mediate (i) the uptake of host DRM proteins and (ii) maintenance of the intracellular vacuole in the non-endocytic red cell, which may have implications for intracellular parasitism and pathogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - PLASMODIUM falciparum
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - INTRACELLULAR pathogens
KW  - LIPIDS
KW  - erythrocytes
KW  - microdomains
KW  - plasmodium falciparum
KW  - trafficking
N1  - Accession Number: 13004920; Lauer, Sabine 1,2 VanWye, Jeffrey 1 Harrison, Travis 3 McManus, Heather 3 Samuel, Benjamin U. 3 Hiller, N. Luisa 3 Mohandas, Narla 4 Haldar, Kasturi 3; Email Address: k-haldar@nwu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305  2: Los Almanos National Laboratory, Health Research Laboratory, (HRL 1), MS 888, LS-5, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Departments of Pathology and Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611  4: Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 7/15/2000, Vol. 19 Issue 14, p3556; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject Term: PLASMODIUM falciparum; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: INTRACELLULAR pathogens; Subject Term: LIPIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: erythrocytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: microdomains; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasmodium falciparum; Author-Supplied Keyword: trafficking; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/19.14.3556
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, Yusheng
AU  - Chu, Fuming
AU  - Von Dreele, Robert B.
AU  - Zhu, Qing
T1  - Structural phase transitions of HfV2 at low temperatures.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section B (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section B (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 56
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
EP  - 606
SN  - 01087681
AB  - We report a high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study on HfV2, hafnium divanadium, at low temperatures. In this work we show, for the first time, a complete sequence of structural phase transitions of HfV, from cubic (Fd3m) to tetragonal (I41/amd) to orthorhombic (lmma) in succession as temperature decreases. Peak splitting and extra diffraction peaks owing to lattice distortion can be clearly distinguished for the low-symmetry phases. The atomic positions and lattice parameters were obtained by Rietveld refinement. The bond lengths and angles of the HfV2 crystal structure at the low-symmetry phases were correctly determined from the structure refinement. The face-centered cubic (Fd3m) unit cell (Z = 24) transforms to a body-centered tetragonal (I41/amd) phase with a 45° rotation relative to the cubic cell and with a reduced number of atoms (Z = 12) in the unit cell at a temperature of T = 112 K. The orthorhombic phase occurs at T = 102 K and it keeps the body-centered symmetry (Imma) and Z = 12 in the unit cell. The refinement results indicate that there may be a small amount of untransformed cubic phase left over in the lower symmetry phases. The abnormal thermal contraction of both tetragonal phase and orthorhombic phase marks the significance of structural change in HfV2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section B (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HAFNIUM
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CRYSTALS at low temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 14426535; Zhao, Yusheng 1; Email Address: yzhao@lanl.gov Chu, Fuming 2 Von Dreele, Robert B. 1 Zhu, Qing 3; Affiliation:  1: LANSCE Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: MST Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2000, Vol. 56 Issue 4, p601; Subject Term: HAFNIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS at low temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Passell, Howard
T1  - A Common Thread to a New Global Paradigm.
JO  - Conservation Biology
JF  - Conservation Biology
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 924
EP  - 925
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 08888892
AB  - Presents correspondence on the development of a global paradigm on conservation education.  Efforts to conserve ecosystem degradation; Continued efforts by various individuals and organization to stem ecological degradation.
KW  - CONSERVATION of natural resources -- Study & teaching
KW  - ECOLOGICAL disturbances
N1  - Accession Number: 5472354; Passell, Howard 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1373, Albuquerque, NM 87185–1373, U.S.A., email hdpasse@sandia.gov, and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131–1091, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug2000, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p924; Subject Term: CONSERVATION of natural resources -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL disturbances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924120 Administration of Conservation Programs; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99l13-2.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazumder, Raja
AU  - Pinkart, Holly C.
AU  - Alban, Patrick S.
AU  - Phelps, Tommy J.
AU  - Benoit, Robert B.
T1  - Low-Substrate Regulated Microaerophilic Behavior as a Stress Response of Aquatic and Soil Bacteria.
JO  - Current Microbiology
JF  - Current Microbiology
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 83
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 03438651
AB  - Low-substrate regulated microaerophilic behavior (LSRMB) was observed in 10–54% of the bacteria isolated from several fresh-water lakes or ponds, subsurface soils, activated sludge, and Antarctic dry valley soils. Five Pseudomonas and two Bacillus type species showed LSRMB. A subsurface Pseudomonas jessenii strain was used as a model to show the metabolic interaction between substrate and oxygen concentrations, cell band movement, and the appearance of unique stress lipids and proteins. When the oxygen in the P. jessenii culture medium was increased from 11% to 100% saturation under atmospheric condition, the concentration of 17:0 cyclopropane fatty acid, a stress indicator, increased five-fold, and four unique proteins were also detected. This stress response occurred only in low-substrate media. It is our hypothesis that LSRMB is a common but under-appreciated trait of many aquatic and soil bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Current Microbiology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bacterial ecology
KW  - Biomolecules
KW  - Fresh water
KW  - Microbiological research
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Pseudomonas
N1  - Accession Number: 15312057; Mazumder, Raja 1; Pinkart, Holly C. 2; Alban, Patrick S. 1; Phelps, Tommy J. 3; Benoit, Robert B. 1; Email Address: rbenoit@mail.vt.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.; 2: Department of Biological Sciences, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA.; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA.; Issue Info: Aug2000, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p79; Thesaurus Term: Bacterial ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biomolecules; Thesaurus Term: Fresh water; Subject Term: Microbiological research; Subject Term: Lipids; Subject Term: Pseudomonas; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002840010097
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiles, D.
T1  - Dynamics of domain magnetization and the Barkhausen effect.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 50
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 893
EP  - 924
SN  - 00114626
AB  - This paper provides a review of the underlying theory of the Barkhausen effect in magnetic materials. The paper contains throughout many of the equations that are commonly used in the mathematical description of this phenomenon. A new contribution in this paper is the examination of how Barkhausen effect can be described in the presence of hysteresis using a hysteretic-stochastic process model. Although the Barkhausen effect has been known for many years its quantitative description has been rather slow in emerging. One reason for this is that as a result of its random nature the experimental observations are not completely reproducible and this means that the description is necessarily complicated by this fact. Nevertheless a mathematical description is possible and the Barkhausen effect does contain useful information about the details of the magnetization processes occuring on a microscopic scale, both from domain wall motion and domain rotation. This information can only be utilized in conjunction with a model description that can be used to interpret the results. The domain wall motion can be described in terms of two limiting models — flexible domain wall motion and rigid domain wall motion. Both give reasonably tractable mathematical solutions, and each has reversible and irreversible components. Domain rotation also has two limiting models — reversible and irreversible rotation, depending on the anisotropy and the magnitude of the angle of rotation. After having discussed the underlying physical description of the main mechanisms the paper proceeds to describe stochastic process models for Barkhausen effect, in particular recent work by Bertotti et al. It is then shown how the stochastic model can be generalized to include the effects of hysteresis. Finally the paper discusses measurement of the Barkhausen effect and how this can be used for the evaluation of stress and microstructure at the surface of a magnetic material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50178979; Jiles, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Iowa State University , 50011 Ames U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug2000, Vol. 50 Issue 8, p893; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1022846128461
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, George R.
AU  - Turner, Ralph R.
AU  - Peterson, Mark J.
AU  - Bogle, Mary Anna
AU  - Ryon, Michael G.
T1  - Response of Mercury Contamination in Fish to Decreased Aqueous Concentrations and Loading of Inorganic Mercury in a Small Stream.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 63
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
EP  - 494
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Approximately 250 000 kg of mercury was lost to water and soils at the U.S. Dept. of Energy Y-12 Plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee in the 1950s and early 1960s. A creek originating within the plant received continuous inputs of waterborne mercury, predominantly as dissolved inorganic mercury, from groundwater, streambed contamination, and sump and process water discharges to the contaminated storm sewer network. These produce aqueous total mercury concentrations of 1–2 μg L-1 in the upper reaches of the stream, decreasing to about 0.1–0.2 μg L-1 in its lower reaches. A program to reduce mercury concentrations in the creek identified specific sources (building sumps, contaminated springwater seeps, foundation drains, and contaminated piping) and rerouted water around contaminated portions of the drain system or collected and treated mercury-contaminated water before discharging it. As a result, waterborne mercury concentrations in the creek and total mercury loading were reduced from 1.8 μg L-1 to 0.6 μg L-1 and 100 to 20 g d-1, respectively, in the last 5 yr. Mean mercury concentrations in fish nearest source areas in the creek headwaters decreased at roughly the same rate as waterborne total mercury concentrations over the past five years, but at the facility boundary downstream the decline in mercury bioaccumulation was much less. At sites 5–15 km farther downstream, no decrease was evident. Dissolved methylmercury tended to increase with distance downstream in a pattern inverse to that noted for its dissolved inorganic mercury precursor. Improvements in water quality and modification of weirs to allow the passage of fish have resulted in the establishment of large populations of fish in mercury-contaminated headwater areas previously devoid of fish. It may be that the accumulation, retention, and eventual downstream transport of this reservoir of biologically incorporated methylmercury has acted to buffer against expected reductions in mercury in fish at downstream sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Fishes
KW  - Oak Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - bioaccumulation
KW  - mercury
KW  - methylmercury
KW  - remediation
N1  - Accession Number: 16655832; Southworth, George R. 1; Turner, Ralph R. 2; Peterson, Mark J. 1; Bogle, Mary Anna 1; Ryon, Michael G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, U.S.A.; 2: Frontier Geosciences Inc. Seattle, Washington 98109, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug2000, Vol. 63 Issue 3, p481; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Fishes; Subject: Oak Ridge (Tenn.); Author-Supplied Keyword: bioaccumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: methylmercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: remediation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Ray S.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Lincoln, David E.
T1  - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature-grown red and sugar maple on gypsy moth performance.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 685
EP  - 695
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryFew studies have investigated how tree species grown under elevated CO2 and elevated temperature alter the performance of leaf-feeding insects. The indirect effects of an elevated CO2 concentration and temperature on leaf phytochemistry, along with potential direct effects on insect growth and consumption, may independently or interactively affect insects. To investigate this, we bagged larvae of the gypsy moth on leaves of red and sugar maple growing in open-top chambers in four CO2/temperature treatment combinations: (i) ambient temperature, ambient CO2; (ii) ambient temperature, elevated CO2 (+ 300 μL L-1 CO2); (iii) elevated temperature (+ 3.5°C), ambient CO2; and (iv) elevated temperature, elevated CO2. For both tree species, leaves grown at elevated CO2 concentration were significantly reduced in leaf nitrogen concentration and increased in C: N ratio, while neither temperature nor its interaction with CO2 concentration had any effect. Depending on the tree species, leaf water content declined (red maple) and carbon-based phenolics increased (sugar maple) on plants grown in an enriched CO2 atmosphere. The only observed effect of elevated temperature on leaf phytochemistry was a reduction in leaf water content of sugar maple leaves. Gypsy moth larval responses were dependent on tree species. Larvae feeding on elevated CO2-grown red maple leaves had reduced growth, while temperature had no effect on the growth or consumption of larvae. No significant effects of either temperature or CO2 concentration were observed for larvae feeding on sugar maple leaves. Our data demonstrate strong effects of CO2 enrichment on leaf phytochemical constituents important to folivorous insects, while an elevated temperature largely has little effect. We conclude that alterations in leaf chemistry... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GYPSY moth
KW  - RED maple
KW  - SUGAR maple
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - global climate change
KW  - Insect performance
KW  - leaf nitrogen
KW  - Lymantria dispar
KW  - phenolics
N1  - Accession Number: 5471344; Williams, Ray S. 1 Norby, Richard J. 2 Lincoln, David E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA,  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA,  3: Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Source Info: Aug2000, Vol. 6 Issue 6, p685; Subject Term: GYPSY moth; Subject Term: RED maple; Subject Term: SUGAR maple; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: global climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insect performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lymantria dispar; Author-Supplied Keyword: phenolics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00343.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wickham, James D.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
T1  - A geography of ecosystem vulnerability.
JO  - Landscape Ecology
JF  - Landscape Ecology
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
EP  - 504
SN  - 09212973
AB  - Focuses on a study related to the geography of ecosystem vulnerability. Effects of anthropogenic use of natural resources on the ecosystem; Data related to interpolated surfaces of land demand; Effects of human activity on the land-cover.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Natural resources
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Geography
KW  - Land use
KW  - Environmental protection
N1  - Accession Number: 14020934; Wickham, James D. 1; O'Neill, Robert V. 2; Jones, K. Bruce 3; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MD-56), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, U.S.A.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-4036, U.S.A.; 3: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV 89119, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug2000, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p495; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Natural resources; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Thesaurus Term: Geography; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maron, John L.
AU  - Gardner, Shea N.
T1  - Consumer pressure, seed versus safe-site limitation, and plant population dynamics.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 124
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 260
EP  - 269
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - Plants often suffer reductions in fecundity due to insect herbivory. Whether this loss of seeds has population-level consequences is much debated and often unknown. For many plants, particularly those with long-lived seedbanks, it is frequently asserted that herbivores have minimal impacts on plant abundance because safe-site availability rather than absolute seed number determines the magnitude of future plant recruitment and hence population abundance. However, empirical tests of this assertion are generally lacking and the interplay between herbivory, spatio-temporal variability in seed- or safe-site-limited recruitment, and seedbank dynamics is likely to be complex. Here we use a stochastic simulation model to explore how changes in the spatial and temporal frequency of seed-limited recruitment, the strength of density-dependent seedling survival, and longevity of seeds in the soil influence the population response to herbivory. Model output reveals several surprising results. First, given a seedbank, herbivores can have substantial effects on mean population abundance even if recruitment is primarily safe-site-limited in either time or space. Second, increasing seedbank longevity increases the population effects of herbivory, because annual reductions in seed input due to herbivory are accumulated in the seedbank. Third, population impacts of herbivory are robust even in the face of moderately strong density-dependent seedling mortality. These results imply that the conditions under which herbivores influence plant population dynamics may be more widespread than heretofore expected. Experiments are now needed to test these predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Herbivores
KW  - Insects
KW  - Plants
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biology
KW  - Herbivory
KW  - Plant population dynamics
KW  - Seed- versus safe-site-limited recruitment
KW  - Seedbank
KW  - Simulation model
N1  - Accession Number: 15686923; Maron, John L. 1; Email Address: jmaron@u.washington.edu; Gardner, Shea N. 2; Affiliations: 1: Botany Department, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; 2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-452, Livermore, CA 94551-0452, USA; Issue Info: Aug2000, Vol. 124 Issue 2, p260; Thesaurus Term: Herbivores; Thesaurus Term: Insects; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Herbivory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plant population dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seed- versus safe-site-limited recruitment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seedbank; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation model; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertwich, E.G.
AU  - McKone, T.E.
AU  - Pease, W.S.
T1  - A Systematic Uncertainty Analysis of an Evaluative Fate and Exposure Model.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2000/08//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 454
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - Multimedia fate and exposure models are widely used to regulate the release of toxic chemicals, to set cleanup standards for contaminated sites, and to evaluate emissions in life-cycle assessment. CalTOX, one of these models, is used to calculate the potential dose, an outcome that is combined with the toxicity of the chemical to determine the Human Toxicity Potential (HTP), used to aggregate and compare emissions. The comprehensive assessment of the uncertainty in the potential dose calculation in this article serves to provide the information necessary to evaluate the reliability of decisions based on the HTP. A framework for uncertainty analysis in multimedia risk assessment is proposed and evaluated with four types of uncertainty. Parameter uncertainty is assessed through Monte Carlo analysis. The variability in landscape parameters is assessed through a comparison of potential dose calculations for different regions in the United States. Decision rule uncertainty is explored through a comparison of the HTP values under open and closed system boundaries. Model uncertainty is evaluated through two case studies, one using alternative formulations for calculating the plant concentration and the other testing the steady state assumption for wet deposition. This investigation shows that steady state conditions for the removal of chemicals from the atmosphere are not appropriate and result in an underestimate of the potential dose for 25% of the 336 chemicals evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Life-cycle assessment
KW  - Multimedia modeling
KW  - Potential dose
KW  - Toxics Release Inventory
KW  - uncertainty
KW  - variability
N1  - Accession Number: 6632508; Hertwich, E.G. 1; McKone, T.E. 2; Pease, W.S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeley; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley; 3: School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley; Issue Info: Aug2000, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p439; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Subject Term: Uncertainty; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life-cycle assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multimedia modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potential dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxics Release Inventory; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: variability; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thrall, K. D.
AU  - Vucelick, M. E.
AU  - Gies, R. A.
AU  - Benson, J. M.
T1  - COMPARATIVE METABOLISM OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE IN RATS, MICE, AND HAMSTERS USING GAS UPTAKE AND PBPK MODELING.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
Y1  - 2000/08/25/
VL  - 60
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 548
SN  - 15287394
AB  - No study has comprehensively compared the rate of metabolism of carbon tetrachloride (CCl[sub 4]) across species. Therefore, the in vivo metabolism of CCl[sub 4] was evaluated using groups of male animals (F344 rats, B6C3F[sub 1] mice, and Syrian hamsters) exposed to 40-1800 ppm CCl[sub 4] in a closed, recirculating gas-uptake system. For each species, an optimal fit of the family of uptake curves was obtained by adjusting Michaelis-Menten metabolic constants K [sub m] (affinity) and V [sub max] (capacity) using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. The results show that the mouse has a slightly higher capacity and lower affinity for metabolizing CCl[sub 4] compared to the rat, while the hamster has a higher capacity and lower affinity than either rat or mouse. A comparison of the V [sub max] to K [sub m] ratio, normalized for milligrams of liver protein (L/ h/ mg) across species, indicates that hamsters metabolize more CCl[sub 4] than either rats or mice, and should be more susceptible to CCl[sub 4]-induced hepatotoxicity. These species comparisons were evaluated against toxicokinetic studies conducted in animals exposed by nose-only inhalation to 20 ppm 14C-labeled CCl[sub 4] for 4 h. The toxicokinetic study results are consistent with the in vivo rates of metabolism, with rats eliminating less radioactivity associated with metabolism ( 14CO [sub 2] and urine/ feces) and more radioactivity associated with the parent compound (radioactivity trapped on charcoal) compared to either hamsters or mice. The in vivo metabolic constants determined here, together with in vitro constants determined using rat, mouse, hamster, and human liver microsomes, were used to estimate human in vivo metabolic rates of 1.49 mg/ h/ kg body weight and 0.25 mg/ L for V [sub max] and K [sub m], respectively. Normalizing the rate of metabolism ( V [sub ma] / K [sub m]) by milligrams liver protein, the rate of metabolism of CCl[sub 4] differs across species, with[sup x]hamster > mouse > rat > human. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON tetrachloride
KW  - METABOLISM
N1  - Accession Number: 3972012; Thrall, K. D. 1 Vucelick, M. E. 2 Gies, R. A. 1 Benson, J. M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA  2: Associated Western Universities, Washington State University, Richland, Washington, USA  3: Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 60 Issue 8, p531; Subject Term: CARBON tetrachloride; Subject Term: METABOLISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00984100050082085
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bedau, Mark A.
AU  - McCaskill, John S.
AU  - Packard, Norman H.
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Adami, Chris
AU  - Green, David G.
AU  - Ikegami, Takashi
AU  - Kaneko, Kunihiko
AU  - Ray, Thomas S.
T1  - Open Problems in Artificial Life.
JO  - Artificial Life
JF  - Artificial Life
Y1  - 2000///Fall2000
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 376
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10645462
AB  - This article lists fourteen open problems in artificial life, each of which is a grand challenge requiring a major advance on a fundamental issue for its solution. Each problem is briefly explained, and, where deemed helpful, some promising paths to its solution are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Artificial Life is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL life
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY theories
KW  - ARTIFICIAL
KW  - Artificial life
KW  - Astrobiology
KW  - AUTOPOEISIS
KW  - BIOSYSTEMS
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Cultural
KW  - Digital
KW  - DYNAMICAL
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - EMERGENCE
KW  - EVOLUTION
KW  - Evolutionary
KW  - EVOLVABLE
KW  - Hardware
KW  - Hierarchies
KW  - Information
KW  - Learning
KW  - LIFE
KW  - Origin
KW  - SELECTION
KW  - Self-organization
KW  - Self-replication
KW  - SIMULATION
KW  - Theory
N1  - Accession Number: 4274541; Bedau, Mark A. 1 McCaskill, John S. 2 Packard, Norman H. 3 Rasmussen, Steen 4 Adami, Chris 5 Green, David G. 6 Ikegami, Takashi 7 Kaneko, Kunihiko 8 Ray, Thomas S. 9; Affiliation:  1: Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97202, USA  2: German National Research Center for Information Technology, Schloss, Birlinghoven, D-53754 Germany  3: Prediction Company, 236 Montezuma St, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-D450, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125  6: School of Environmental and Information Science, Charles Stuart University, Albury NSW 2640 Australia  7: Institute of Physics, The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153 Japan  8: Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153 Japan  9: Department of Zoology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Source Info: Fall2000, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p363; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL life; Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY theories; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARTIFICIAL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Artificial life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Astrobiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: AUTOPOEISIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: BIOSYSTEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cultural; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital; Author-Supplied Keyword: DYNAMICAL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystems; Author-Supplied Keyword: EMERGENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: EVOLUTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evolutionary; Author-Supplied Keyword: EVOLVABLE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardware; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hierarchies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information; Author-Supplied Keyword: Learning; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIFE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Origin; Author-Supplied Keyword: SELECTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-organization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-replication; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMULATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 7523
L3  - 10.1162/106454600300103683
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Susan H. Cannon
AU  - Steven L. Reneau
T1  - Conditions for generation of fire-related debris flows, Capulin Canyon, New Mexico.
JO  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
JF  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1103
EP  - 1121
SN  - 01979337
AB  - Comparison of the responses of three drainage basins burned by the Dome fire of 1996 in New Mexico is used to identify the hillslope, channel and fire characteristics that indicate a susceptibility specifically to wildfire-related debris flow. Summer thunderstorms generated three distinct erosive responses from each of three basins. The Capulin Canyon basin showed widespread erosive sheetwash and rilling from hillslopes, and severe flooding occurred in the channel; the North Tributary basin exhibited extensive erosion of the mineral soil to a depth of 5 cm and downslope movement of up to boulder-sized material, and at least one debris flow occurred in the channel; negligible surface runoff was observed in the South Tributary basin. The negligible surface runoff observed in the South Tributary basin is attributed to the limited extent and severity of the fire in that basin. The factors that best distinguish between debris-flow producing and flood-producing drainages are drainage basin morphology and lithology. A rugged drainage basin morphology, an average 12 per cent channel gradient, and steep, rough hillslopes coupled with colluvium and soil weathered from volcaniclastic and volcanic rocks promoted the generation of debris flows. A less rugged basin morphology, an average gradient of 5 per cent, and long, smooth slopes mantled with pumice promoted flooding. Flood and debris-flow responses were produced without the presence of water-repellent soils. The continuity and severity of the burn mosaic, the condition of the riparian vegetation, the condition of the fibrous root mat, accumulations of dry ravel and colluvial material in the channel and on hillslopes, and past debris-flow activity, appeared to have little bearing on the distinctive responses of the basins. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Surface Processes & Landforms is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fires
KW  - Debris avalanches
KW  - Landslides
KW  - New Mexico
N1  - Accession Number: 19636390; Susan H. Cannon 1; Steven L. Reneau 2; Affiliations: 1: US Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Team, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center, MS 966, Denver, CO 80225, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Geology and Geochemistry Group, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Sep2000, Vol. 25 Issue 10, p1103; Thesaurus Term: Fires; Thesaurus Term: Debris avalanches; Subject Term: Landslides; Subject: New Mexico; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Traina, Samuel J.
AU  - Sims, Gerald K.
T1  - EFFECTS OF SORPTION ON THE BIODEGRADATION OF 2-METHYLPYRIDINE IN AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS OF REFERENCE CLAY MINERALS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2168
EP  - 2174
SN  - 07307268
AB  - The effects of sorption on the bioavailability of 2-methylpyridine (2-MP) were investigated by determining the biodegradation of 2-MP by an Arthrobacter sp. in aqueous suspensions of reference clay minerals and a synthetic cation exchange resin. Adsorption of 2-MP on kaolinite, illite, hectorite, montmorillonite, and Dowext was determined by the batch equilibrium method. In general, adsorption of 2-MP was positively correlated with the cation exchange capacity of the sorbent, suggesting that sorption of 2-MP on clay minerals occurs through a cation exchange reaction via the 2-methylpyridinium ion. The biodegradation of 2-MP was most rapid in the kaolinite suspensions, followed by no clay . illite k Dowex . hectorite/montmorillonite. With the exception of kaolinite, adsorption of 2-MP on clay minerals and Dowex reduced the rate of biodegradation. The degree of attenuation was positively correlated with the fraction of 2-MP sorbed, suggesting that sorbed 2-MP was not directly available for degradation. Desorption was not rate limiting in suspensions containing hectorite, montmorillonite, or Dowex; however, desorption may have become limiting in the kaolinite and illite suspensions. The results of this study clearly indicate that adsorption can directly affect the degradation of 2-MP in complex mineral systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - PYRIDINE
KW  - METHYL groups
KW  - ARTHROBACTER
KW  - KAOLINITE
KW  - CLAY minerals
KW  - SYNTHETIC gums & resins
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - 2-Methylpyridine
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Clay minerals
KW  - Sorption
N1  - Accession Number: 15939899; O'Loughlin, Edward J. 1,2; Email Address: ed.oloughlin@hotmail.com Traina, Samuel J. 1 Sims, Gerald K. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: School of Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1086, USA  2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service--Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 81801; Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p2168; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: PYRIDINE; Subject Term: METHYL groups; Subject Term: ARTHROBACTER; Subject Term: KAOLINITE; Subject Term: CLAY minerals; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC gums & resins; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: CATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-Methylpyridine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioavailability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clay minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325991 Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pelikan, Martin
AU  - Goldberg, David E.
AU  - Cantú-Paz, Erick
T1  - Linkage Problem, Distribution Estimation, and Bayesian Networks.
JO  - Evolutionary Computation
JF  - Evolutionary Computation
Y1  - 2000///Fall2000
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
EP  - 340
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10636560
AB  - This paper proposes an algorithm that uses an estimation of the joint distribution of promising solutions in order to generate new candidate solutions. The algorithm is settled into the context of genetic and evolutionary computation and the algorithms based on the estimation of distributions. The proposed algorithm is called the Bayesian Optimization Algorithm (BOA). To estimate the distribution of promising solutions, the techniques for modeling multivariate data by Bayesian networks are used. The BOA identifies, reproduces, and mixes building blocks up to a specified order. It is independent of the ordering of the variables in strings representing the solutions. Moreover, prior information about the problem can be incorporated into the algorithm, but it is not essential. First experiments were done with additively decomposable problems with both nonoverlapping as well as overlapping building blocks. The proposed algorithm is able to solve all but one of the tested problems in linear or close to linear time with respect to the problem size. Except for the maximal order of interactions to be covered, the algorithm does not use any prior knowledge about the problem. The BOA represents a step toward alleviating the problem of identifying and mixing building blocks correctly to obtain good solutions for problems with very limited domain information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Evolutionary Computation is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - ESTIMATION OF DISTRIBUTION ALGORITHM
KW  - GENETIC ALGORITHM
KW  - Genetic and evolutionary computation
KW  - LEARNING BAYESIAN NETWORKS
KW  - Linkage learning
KW  - Probabilistic modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 3569132; Pelikan, Martin 1 Goldberg, David E. 2 Cantú-Paz, Erick 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Department of General Engineering, Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-551 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Fall2000, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p311; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ESTIMATION OF DISTRIBUTION ALGORITHM; Author-Supplied Keyword: GENETIC ALGORITHM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic and evolutionary computation; Author-Supplied Keyword: LEARNING BAYESIAN NETWORKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linkage learning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic modeling; Number of Pages: 30p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 14680
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Huchton, J.D.
AU  - Mullen, M.A.
AU  - Naranjo, L.
T1  - Radionuclides in pinon pine (Pinus edulis) nuts from los alamos national laboratory lands and the dose from consumption.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
EP  - 622
SN  - 03601234
AB  - One of the dominant tree species growing within and around the eastern portion of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM, lands is the pinon pine (Pinus edulis). Pinon pine is used for firewood, fence posts, and building materials and is a source of nuts for food—the seeds are consumed by a wide variety of animals and are also gathered by people in the area and eaten raw or roasted. This study investigated the (1) concentration of 3H, 137Cs, 90Sr, totU, 238Pu, 239, 240Pu, and241 Am in soils (0‐ to 12‐in. [31 cm] depth underneath the tree), pinon pine shoots (PPS), and pinon pine nuts (PPN) collected from LANL lands and regional background (BG) locations, (2) committed effective dose equivalent (CEDE) from the ingestion of nuts, and (3) soil to PPS to PPN concentration ratios (CRs). Most radionuclides, with the exception of 3H in soils, were not significantly higher (p < 0.10) in soils, PPS, and PPN collected from LANL as compared to BG locations, and concentrations of most radionuclides in PPN from LANL have decreased over time. The maximum net CEDE (the CEDE plus two sigma minus BG) at the most conservative ingestion rate (10 lb [4.5 kg]) was 0.0018 mrem (0.018 μSv); this is far below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (all pathway) permissible dose limit of 100 mrem (1000 μSv). Soil‐to‐nut CRs for most radionuclides were within the range of default values in the literature for common fruits and vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part B -- Pesticides, Food Contaminants, & Agricultural Wastes is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75453209; Fresquez, P.R. 1; Huchton, J.D. 1; Mullen, M.A. 1; Naranjo, L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environment, Safety and Health Division, M887, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; Issue Info: Sep2000, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p611; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/03601230009373296
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rao, Anand J.
AU  - Pagilla, Krishna R.
AU  - Wagh, Arun S.
T1  - Stabilization and Solidification of Metal-Laden Wastes by Compaction and Magnesium Phosphate-Based Binder.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 50
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1623
EP  - 1631
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Bench-scale and full-scale investigations of waste stabilization and volume reduction were conducted using spiked soil and ash wastes containing heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Hg. The waste streams were stabilized and solidified using chemically bonded phosphate ceramic (CBPC) binder, and then compacted by either uniaxial or harmonic press for volume reduction. The physical properties of the final waste forms were determined by measuring volume reduction, density, porosity, and compressive strength. The leachability of heavy metals in the final waste forms was determined by a toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test and a 90-day immersion test (ANS 16.1). The structural composition and nature of waste forms were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. CBPC binder and compaction can achieve 80-wt % waste loading and 39-47% reduction in waste volume. Compressive strength of final waste forms ranged from 1500 to 2000 psi. TCLP testing of waste forms showed that all heavy metals except Hg passed the TCLP limits using the phosphate-based binder. When Na[sub2]S was added to the binder, the waste forms also passed TCLP limits for Hg. Long-term leachability resistance of the final waste forms was achieved for all metals in both soil and ash wastes, and the leachability index was ∼ 14. XRD patterns of waste forms indicated vermiculite in the ash waste was chemically incorporated into the CBPC matrix. SEM showed that waste forms are layered when compacted by uniaxial press and are homogeneous when compacted by harmonic press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Waste minimization
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Waste management
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Scanning electron microscopes
N1  - Accession Number: 12147665; Rao, Anand J. 1; Pagilla, Krishna R. 1; Wagh, Arun S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois; 2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Sep2000, Vol. 50 Issue 9, p1623; Thesaurus Term: Waste minimization; Thesaurus Term: Heavy metals; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: Scanning electron microscopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 9 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, Alvin C. K.
AU  - Thatcher, Tracy L.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W.
T1  - Inhalation Transfer Factors for Air Pollution Health Risk Assessment.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 50
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1688
EP  - 1699
SN  - 10962247
AB  - To facilitate routine health risk assessments, we develop the concept of an inhalation transfer factor (ITF). The ITF is defined as the pollutant mass inhaled by an exposed individual per unit pollutant mass emitted from an air pollution source. A cumulative population inhalation transfer factor (PITF) is also defined to describe the total fraction of an emitted pollutant inhaled by all members of the exposed population. In this paper, ITFs and PITFs are calculated for outdoor releases from area, point, and line sources, indoor releases in single zone and multizone indoor environments, and releases within motor vehicles. Typical PITFs for an urban area from emissions outdoors are ∼ 10[sup-6]-10[sup-3]. PITFs associated with emissions in buildings or in moving vehicles are typically much higher, ∼ 10[sup-3]-10[sup-1]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Buildings
N1  - Accession Number: 12147673; Lai, Alvin C. K. 1; Thatcher, Tracy L. 1; Nazaroff, William W. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California; Issue Info: Sep2000, Vol. 50 Issue 9, p1688; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles; Thesaurus Term: Buildings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415190 Recreational and other motor vehicles merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hacke, U. G.
AU  - Sperry, J. S.
AU  - Ewers, B. E.
AU  - Ellsworth, D. S.
AU  - Schäfer, K. V. R.
AU  - Oren, R.
T1  - Influence of soil porosity on water use in Pinus taeda.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 124
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
EP  - 505
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - We analyzed the hydraulic constraints imposed on water uptake from soils of different porosities in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) by comparing genetically related and even-aged plantations growing in loam versus sand soil. Water use was evaluated relative to the maximum transpiration rate (Ecrit) allowed by the soil-leaf continuum. We expected that trees on both soils would approach Ecrit during drought. Trees in sand, however, should face greater drought limitation because of steeply declining hydraulic conductivity in sand at high soil water potential (ΨS). Transport considerations suggest that trees in sand should have higher root to leaf area ratios (AR:AL), less negative leaf xylem pressure (ΨL), and be more vulnerable to xylem cavitation than trees in loam. The AR:AL was greater in sand versus loam (9.8 vs 1.7, respectively). This adjustment maintained about 86% of the water extraction potential for both soils. Trees in sand were more deeply rooted (>1.9 m) than in loam (95% of roots <0.2 m), allowing them to shift water uptake to deeper layers during drought and avoid hydraulic failure. Midday ΨL was constant for days of high evaporative demand, but was less negative in sand (–1.6 MPa) versus loam (–2.1 MPa). Xylem was more vulnerable to cavitation in sand versus loam trees. Roots in both soils were more vulnerable than stems, and experienced the greatest predicted loss of conductivity during drought. Trees on both soils approached Ecrit during drought, but at much higher ΨS in sand (<–0.4 MPa) than in loam (<–1.0 MPa). Results suggest considerable phenotypic plasticity in water use traits for P. taeda which are adaptive to differences in soil porosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil porosity
KW  - Water use
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Loblolly pine
KW  - Xylem
KW  - Pinus taeda
KW  - Root-shoot relations
KW  - Soil water transport
KW  - Stomatal regulation
KW  - Xylem cavitation
N1  - Accession Number: 15686971; Hacke, U. G. 1; Email Address: hacke@biology.utah.edu; Sperry, J. S. 1; Ewers, B. E. 2; Ellsworth, D. S. 3; Schäfer, K. V. R. 4; Oren, R. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; 2: Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; 3: Division of Environmental Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; 4: Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Issue Info: Sep2000, Vol. 124 Issue 4, p495; Thesaurus Term: Soil porosity; Thesaurus Term: Water use; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Subject Term: Loblolly pine; Subject Term: Xylem; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus taeda; Author-Supplied Keyword: Root-shoot relations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil water transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stomatal regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xylem cavitation; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer, David A.
AU  - Kwiat, Paul G.
AU  - Hughes, Richard J.
AU  - Bucksbaum, P. H.
AU  - Ahn, J.
AU  - Weinacht, T. C.
T1  - Does Rydberg State Manipulation Equal Quantum Computation?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2000/09//9/1/2000
VL  - 289
IS  - 5484
M3  - Article
SP  - 1431a
EP  - 1431a
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
N1  - Accession Number: 96415615; Meyer, David A. 1,2; Email Address: dmeyer@chonji.ucsd.edu Kwiat, Paul G. 3; Email Address: kwiat@lanl.gov Hughes, Richard J. 3; Email Address: hughes@lanl.gov Bucksbaum, P. H. 4; Email Address: phb@umich.edu Ahn, J. 4 Weinacht, T. C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Project in Geometry and Physics, Department of Mathematics, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, Ca 92093-0112 USA  2: Institute for Physical Sciences Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Department of Physics, Randall Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA; Source Info: 9/1/2000, Vol. 289 Issue 5484, p1431a; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1126/science.289.5484.1431a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chow, Edmond
T1  - A PRIORI SPARSITY PATTERNS FOR PARALLEL SPARSE APPROXIMATE INVERSE PRECONDITIONERS *.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1804
EP  - 1822
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Parallel algorithms for computing sparse approximations to the inverse of a sparse matrix either use a prescribed sparsity pattern for the approximate inverse or attempt to generate a good pattern as part of the algorithm. This paper demonstrates that, for PDE problems, the patterns of powers of sparsified matrices (PSMs) can be used a priori as effective approximate inverse patterns, and that the additional effort of adaptive sparsity pattern calculations may not be required. PSM patterns are related to various other approximate inverse sparsity patterns through matrix graph theory and heuristics concerning the PDE's Green's function. A parallel implementation shows that PSM-patterned approximate inverses are significantly faster to construct than approximate inverses constructed adaptively, while often giving preconditioners of comparable quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - GRAPH theory
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - graph theory
KW  - parallel computing
KW  - preconditioned iterative methods
KW  - sparse approximate inverses
N1  - Accession Number: 13293887; Chow, Edmond 1; Email Address: echow@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-560, Box 808, CA 94551; Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1804; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: GRAPH theory; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: graph theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioned iterative methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse approximate inverses; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Peter N.
AU  - Falgout, Robert D.
AU  - Jones, And Jim E.
T1  - SEMICOARSENING MULTIGRID ON DISTRIBUTED MEMORY MACHINES *.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1823
EP  - 1834
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - This paper presents the results of a scalability study for a three-dimensional semi- coarsening multigrid solver on a distributed memory computer. In particular, we are interested in the scalability of the solver-how the solution time varies as both problem size and number of processors are increased. For an iterative linear solver, scalability involves both algorithmic issues and implementation issues. We examine the scalability of the solver theoretically by constructing a simple parallel model and experimentally by results obtained on an IBM SP. The results are compared with those obtained for other solvers on the same computer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - diffusion equations
KW  - parallel multigrid methods
KW  - scalability studies
N1  - Accession Number: 13293836; Brown, Peter N. 1; Email Address: pnbrown@llnl.gov Falgout, Robert D. 1; Email Address: rfalgout@llnl.gov Jones, And Jim E. 1; Email Address: jjones@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, L-561, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1823; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel multigrid methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: scalability studies; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benzi, Michele
AU  - Tůma, Miroslav
T1  - ORDERINGS FOR FACTORIZED SPARSE APPROXIMATE INVERSE PRECONDITIONERS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1851
EP  - 1868
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - The influence of reorderings on the performance of factorized sparse approximate inverse preconditioners is considered. Some theoretical results on the effect of orderings on the fill-in and decay behavior of the inverse factors of a sparse matrix are presented. It is shown experimentally that certain reorderings, like minimum degree and nested dissection, can be very beneficial. The benefit consists of a reduction in the storage and time required for constructing the preconditioner, and of faster convergence of the preconditioned iteration in many cases of practical interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - GRAPH theory
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - decay rates
KW  - factorized sparse approximate inverses
KW  - graph theory
KW  - incomplete biconjugation
KW  - orderings
KW  - preconditioned Krylov subspace methods
KW  - sparse linear systems
KW  - sparse matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 13293756; Benzi, Michele 1; Email Address: benzi@lanl.gov Tůma, Miroslav 2; Email Address: tuma@uivt.cas.cz; Affiliation:  1: Scientific Computing Group (CIC-19), MS B256, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Institute of Computer Science, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1851; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: GRAPH theory; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: decay rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: factorized sparse approximate inverses; Author-Supplied Keyword: graph theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: incomplete biconjugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: orderings; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioned Krylov subspace methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse linear systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse matrices; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cleary, Andrew J.
AU  - Falgout, Robert D.
AU  - Henson, Van Emden
AU  - Jones, Jim E.
AU  - Manteuffel, Thomas A.
AU  - McCormick, Stephen F.
AU  - Miranda, Gerald N.
AU  - Ruge, John W.
T1  - ROBUSTNESS AND SCALABILITY OF ALGEBRAIC MULTIGRID.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1886
EP  - 1908
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Algebraic multigrid (AMG) is currently undergoing a resurgence in popularity, due in part to the dramatic increase in the need to solve physical problems posed on very large, unstructured grids. While AMG has proved its usefulness on various problem types, it is not commonly understood how wide a range of applicability the method has. In this study, we demonstrate that range of applicability, while describing some of the recent advances in AMG technology. Moreover, in light of the imperatives of modern computer environments, we also examine AMG in terms of algorithmic scalability. Finally, we show some of the situations in which standard AMG does not work well and indicate the current directions taken by AMG researchers to alleviate these difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - algebraic multigrid
KW  - interpolation
KW  - scalability
KW  - unstructured meshes
N1  - Accession Number: 13204765; Cleary, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: cleary@llnl.gov Falgout, Robert D. 1; Email Address: rfalgout@llnl.gov Henson, Van Emden 1; Email Address: vhenson@llnl.gov Jones, Jim E. 1; Email Address: jjones@llnl.gov Manteuffel, Thomas A. 2 McCormick, Stephen F. 2 Miranda, Gerald N. 3 Ruge, John W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing (CASC), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA  2: Department of  Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309  3: USS Florida (SSBN-728), Naval Submarine Base, Silverdale, WA 98315  4: Front Range Scientific, Boulder, CO 80303; Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1886; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: PROBLEM solving; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: algebraic multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: scalability; Author-Supplied Keyword: unstructured meshes; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, B.
AU  - Manteuffel, T.A.
AU  - McCormick, S.F.
AU  - Ruge, J.
T1  - FIRST-ORDER SYSTEM LEAST-SQUARES FOR THE HELMHOLTZ EQUATION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1927
EP  - 1949
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - This paper develops a multilevel least-squares approach for the numerical solution of the complex scalar exterior Helmholtz equation. This second-order equation is first recast into an equivalent first-order system by introducing several "field" variables. A combination of scaled L² and norms is then applied to the residual of this system to create a least-squares functional. It is shown that, in an appropriate Hilbert space, the homogeneous part of this functional is equivalent to a squared graph norm, that is, a product norm on the space of individual variables. This equivalence to a norm that decouples the variables means that standard finite element discretization techniques and standard multigrid solvers can be applied to obtain optimal performance. However, this equivalence is not uniform in the wavenumber k, which can signal degrading performance of the numerical solution process as k increases. To counter this difficulty, we obtain a result that characterizes the error components causing performance degradation. We do this by defining a finite-dimensional subspace of these components on whose orthogonal complement k-uniform equivalence is proved for this functional and an analogous functional that is based only on L² norms. This subspace equivalence motivates a nonstandard multigrid method that attempts to achieve optimal convergence uniformly in k. We report on numerical experiments that empirically confirm k-uniform optimal performance of this multigrid solver. We also report on tests of the error in our discretization that seem to confirm optimal accuracy that is free of the so-called pollution effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - HELMHOLTZ equation
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - HILBERT space
KW  - GRAPH theory
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - first-order system least-squares
KW  - Helmholtz equation
KW  - nonstandard multigrid
N1  - Accession Number: 13204757; Lee, B. 1; Email Address: lee1123@llnl.gov Manteuffel, T.A. 2; Email Address: tmanteuf@boulder.colorado.edu McCormick, S.F. 2; Email Address: stevem@boulder.colorado.edu Ruge, J. 2; Email Address: jruge@boulder.colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-661, CA 94551  2: Applied Math Department, Campus Box 526, University of Colorado at Boulder, CO 80309-0526; Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1927; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: HELMHOLTZ equation; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: HILBERT space; Subject Term: GRAPH theory; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: first-order system least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helmholtz equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonstandard multigrid; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lackner, Klaus
AU  - Menikoff, Ralph
T1  - MULTISCALE LINEAR SOLVERS FOR VERY LARGE SYSTEMS DERIVED FROM PDEs.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1950
EP  - 1968
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We present a novel linear solver that works well for large systems obtained from discretizing PDEs. It is robust and, for the examples we studied, the computational effort scales linearly with the number of equations. The algorithm is based on a wavelength decomposition that combines conjugate gradient, multiscaling, and iterative splitting methods into a single approach. On the surface, the algorithm is a simple preconditioned conjugate gradient with all the sophistication of the algorithm in the choice of the preconditioning matrix. The preconditioner is a very good approximate inverse of the linear operator. It is constructed from the inverse of the coarse grained linear operator and from smoothing operators that are based on an operator splitting on the fine grid. The coarse graining captures the long wavelength behavior of the inverse operator, while the smoothing operator captures the short wavelength behavior. The conjugate gradient iteration accounts for the coupling between long and short wavelengths. The coarse grained operator corresponds to a lower resolution approximation to the PDEs. While the coarse grained inverse is not known explicitly, the algorithm requires only that the preconditioner can be a applied to a vector. The coarse inverse applied to a vector can be obtained as the solution of another preconditioned conjugate gradient solver that applies the same algorithm to the smaller problem. Thus, the method is naturally recursive. The recursion ends when the matrix is sufficiently small for a solution to be obtained efficiently with a standard solver. The local feedback provided by the conjugate gradient step at every level makes the algorithm very robust. In spite of the effort required for the coarse inverse, the algorithm is efficient because the increased quality of the approximate inverse greatly reduces the number of times the preconditioner needs to be evaluated. A feature of the algorithm is that the transition between coarse grids is determined dynamically by the accuracy requirement of the conjugate gradient solver at each level. Typically, later iterations on the finer scales need fewer iterations on the coarser scales and the computational effort is proportional to N rather than N log N, where N is the number of equations. We have tested our solver on the porous flow equation. On a workstation we have solved problems on grids ranging in dimension over three orders of magnitude, from 103 to 106, and found that the linear scaling holds. The algorithm works well, even when the permeability tensor has spatial variations exceeding a factor of 109. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - CONJUGATE gradient methods
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - LINEAR operators
KW  - conjugate gradient
KW  - linear solver
KW  - multigrid
KW  - porous flow
N1  - Accession Number: 13204755; Lackner, Klaus 1; Email Address: ksl@lanl.gov Menikoff, Ralph 2; Email Address: rtm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Mail Stop B-216, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545  2: Theoretical Division, Mail Stop B-214, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545; Source Info: Sep2000, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1950; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: CONJUGATE gradient methods; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: LINEAR operators; Author-Supplied Keyword: conjugate gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear solver; Author-Supplied Keyword: multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: porous flow; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chao, Connie
AU  - Saito, Shin'ichi
AU  - Kang, Jian
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Yang Xu
T1  - p53 transcriptional activity is essential for p53-dependent apoptosis following DNA damage.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2000/09/15/
VL  - 19
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4967
EP  - 4975
SN  - 02614189
AB  - p53-mediated transcription activity is essential for cell cycle arrest, but its importance for apoptosis remains controversial. To address this question, we employed homologous recombination and LoxP/Cre-mediated deletion to produce mutant murine embryonic stem (ES) cells that express p53 with Gin and Ser in place of Leu25 and Trp26, respectively. p53Gln25ser26 was stable but did not accumulate after DNA damage; the expression of p21/Waf1 and PERP was not induced, and p53-dependent repression of MAP4 expression was abolished. Therefore, p53Gln25ser26 is completely deficient in transcriptional activation and repression activities. After DNA damage by UV radiation, p53Gln25ser26 was phosphorylated at Ser18 but was not acetylated at C-terminal sites, and its DNA binding activity did not increase, further supporting a role for p53 acetylation in the activation of sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Most importantly, p53Gln25ser26 mouse thymocytes and ES cells, like p53-/- cells, did not undergo DNA damage-induced apoptosis. We conclude that the transcriptional activities of p53 are required for p53-dependent apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETYLATION
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - GENETIC recombination
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - ANTIONCOGENES
KW  - acetylation
KW  - dna damage
KW  - phosphorylation
KW  - stability
KW  - transactivation
N1  - Accession Number: 13005038; Chao, Connie 1 Saito, Shin'ichi 2 Kang, Jian 1 Anderson, Carl W. 3 Appella, Ettore 2 Yang Xu 1; Email Address: yangxu@ucsd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA  2: Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 9/15/2000, Vol. 19 Issue 18, p4967; Subject Term: ACETYLATION; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: GENETIC recombination; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: ANTIONCOGENES; Author-Supplied Keyword: acetylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: dna damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: transactivation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/19.18.4967
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huff, D. D.
T1  - A 35-year history of 90Sr releases from a radioactive-waste burial ground.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1275
EP  - 1285
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Data from a radioactive waste disposal area at Oak Ridge National Laboratory suggest that releases depend on site hydrology and waste containment. Loss of packaging integrity has apparently caused episodic increases in 90Sr source strength, followed by gradual reduction as runoff carries contaminants away. Most flow and transport occurs during January–April storms in response to site hydrology. Diversion of runoff from undisturbed areas upstream of the waste site (1983) reduced flow through the site by more than 65% and annual 90Sr release by more than 45%. However, between 1983 and 1994, increases in 90Sr source strength have partially offset the diversion effectiveness. Selective source control in 1996 further reduced annual 90Sr releases by more than 30% in the first two years, compared with pre-treatment conditions. The effectiveness of the grouting treatment should increase over the next 5–10 years, if new 90Sr sources are insignificant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Radioactive substances
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Burial ground
KW  - Radioactive
KW  - Radiostrontium
KW  - Remedial action
KW  - Source control
N1  - Accession Number: 16564960; Huff, D. D. 1; Email Address: ddhuff@esper.com; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA; Issue Info: Oct2000, Vol. 39 Issue 11, p1275; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive substances; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes; Thesaurus Term: Hydrology; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burial ground; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiostrontium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remedial action; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheuring, IstvÁn
AU  - KÁrolyi, GyÖrgy
AU  - PÉntek, Áron
AU  - TÉl, TamÁs
AU  - Toroczkai, ZoltÁn
T1  - A model for resolving the plankton paradox: coexistence in open flows.
JO  - Freshwater Biology
JF  - Freshwater Biology
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 132
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00465070
AB  - 1. Recent developments in the field of chaotic advection in hydrodynamical/environmental flows encourage us to revisit the population dynamics of competing species in open aquatic systems. 2. We assume that these species are in competition for a common limiting resource in open flows with chaotic advection dynamics. As an illustrative example, we consider a time periodic two-dimensional flow of viscous fluid (water) around a cylindrical obstacle. 3. Individuals accumulate along a fractal set in the wake of the cylinder, which acts as a catalyst for the biological reproduction process. While in homogeneous, well mixed environments only one species could survive this competition, coexistence of competitors is typical in our hydrodynamical system. 4. It is shown that a steady state sets in after sufficiently long times. In this state, the relative density of competitors is determined rather by the fractal nature of the spatial distribution of the advected species, and by their initial conditions, than by their competitive abilities. We argue that two factors, the strong chaotic mixing along a fractal set and the boundary layer around the obstacle, are responsible for the coexistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Freshwater Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plankton
KW  - Hydrodynamics
KW  - Competition (Biology)
KW  - chaotic advection
KW  - environmental flow
KW  - fractal set
KW  - hydrodynamical flow
KW  - population dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 5607582; Scheuring, IstvÁn; KÁrolyi, GyÖrgy 1; PÉntek, Áron 2; TÉl, TamÁs 3; Toroczkai, ZoltÁn 4,5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil Engineering Mechanics, Technical University of Budapest, Muegyetem rkp. 3, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; 2: Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0238, USA; 3: Institute for Theoretical Physics, Eötvös University, P.O.Box 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary; 4: Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0435, USA; 5: Centre for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mailstop B258 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Oct2000, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p123; Thesaurus Term: Plankton; Thesaurus Term: Hydrodynamics; Thesaurus Term: Competition (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: chaotic advection; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractal set; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrodynamical flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: population dynamics; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 11 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2000.00665.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vreeland, Valerie
AU  - Kloareg, Bernard
T1  - CELL WALL BIOLOGY IN RED ALGAE: DIVIDE AND CONQUER.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 793
EP  - 797
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Investigates the cell biology of red algal walls.  Variability of in polymers of red algal wall; Examination of the growth stages of different cell types; Role of cellulose-associated polysaccharides in wall formation; Interaction with pathogens.
KW  - Red algae
KW  - Polysaccharides
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Cytology
N1  - Accession Number: 5609892; Vreeland, Valerie 1; Kloareg, Bernard 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Materials Sciences Division MS 66, 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley, California 94720 e-mail: vjvreeland@lbl.gov; 2: UMR 1931 (CNRS and Laboratoires Goëmar) Station Biologique de Roscoff BP 74, F-29682 Roscoff cedex France e-mail: kloareg@sb-roscoff.fr; Issue Info: Oct2000, Vol. 36 Issue 5, p793; Thesaurus Term: Red algae; Thesaurus Term: Polysaccharides; Thesaurus Term: Genetics; Subject Term: Cytology; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2000.03651-2.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kesheng Wu
AU  - Simon, Horst
T1  - THICK-RESTART LANCZOS METHOD FOR LARGE SYMMETRIC EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 602
EP  - 616
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - In this paper, we propose a restarted variant of the Lanczos method for symmetric eigenvalue problems named the thick-restart Lanczos method. This new variant is able to retain an arbitrary number of Ritz vectors from the previous iterations with a minimal restarting cost. Since it restarts with Ritz vectors, it is simpler than similar methods, such as the implicitly restarted Lanczos method. We carefully examine the effects of the floating-point round-off errors on stability of the new algorithm and present an implementation of the partial reorthogonalization scheme that guarantees accurate Ritz values with a minimal amount of reorthogonalization. We also show a number of heuristics on deciding which Ritz pairs to save during restart in order to maximize the overall performance of the thick-restart Lanczos method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - SYMMETRIC matrices
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - lanczos eigenvalue method
KW  - partial reorthogonalization
KW  - thick-restart
N1  - Accession Number: 13214268; Kesheng Wu 1; Email Address: kwu@lbl.gov Simon, Horst 1; Email Address: hdsimon@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory/NERSC, Berkeley, CA; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p602; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: SYMMETRIC matrices; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: lanczos eigenvalue method; Author-Supplied Keyword: partial reorthogonalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: thick-restart; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khamayseh, Ahmed
AU  - Hansen, Glen
T1  - QUASI-ORTHOGONAL GRIDS WITH IMPEDANCE MATCHING.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1220
EP  - 1237
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - An elliptic, quasi-orthogonal grid generation system is formulated based on quasi-conformal mapping for arbitrary anisotropic (long and skinny) regions. The resulting system is a generalization of the well-known elliptic grid generation system derived from conformal mapping. Coupled with the grid generation system, the impedance-matching principle describes a methodology for preserving the discrete accuracy of the simulation, both internal to the domain and near internal geometric interfaces. Empirically, satisfying the impedance principle tends to minimize mesh effects on the solution results; meshes that are impedance-matched tend to reduce or eliminate spurious wave reflection and/or attenuation at internal interfaces. The resulting grid generation system is used to construct impedance-matched quasi-orthogonal grids on domains containing internal geometric constraints given an algebraic grid and a grid impedance function as initial conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - DISCOURSE analysis
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ELECTRICAL impedance tomography
KW  - elliptic grid generation
KW  - grid orthogonality
KW  - impedance matching
KW  - quasi-conformal mapping
N1  - Accession Number: 13205181; Khamayseh, Ahmed 1; Email Address: ahmed@lanl.gov Hansen, Glen 1; Email Address: ghansen@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, MS F645, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p1220; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: DISCOURSE analysis; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL impedance tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: elliptic grid generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: grid orthogonality; Author-Supplied Keyword: impedance matching; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasi-conformal mapping; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benzi, Michele
AU  - Cullum, Jane K.
AU  - Tůma, Miroslav
T1  - ROBUST APPROXIMATE INVERSE PRECONDITIONING FOR THE CONJUGATE GRADIENT METHOD.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1318
EP  - 1332
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We present a variant of the AINV factorized sparse approximate inverse algorithm which is applicable to any symmetric positive definite matrix. The new preconditioner is breakdown-free and, when used in conjunction with the conjugate gradient method, results in a reliable solver for highly ill-conditioned linear systems. We also investigate an alternative approach to a stable approximate inverse algorithm, based on the idea of diagonally compensated reduction of matrix entries. The results of numerical tests on challenging linear systems arising from finite element modeling of elasticity and diffusion problems are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - diagonally compensated reduction
KW  - factorized sparse approximate inverses
KW  - finite element matrices
KW  - incomplete conjugation
KW  - preconditioned conjugate gradients
KW  - sparse linear systems
KW  - stabilized ainv
N1  - Accession Number: 13205192; Benzi, Michele 1; Email Address: benzi@mathcs.emory.edu Cullum, Jane K. 2; Email Address: cullum@lanl.gov Tůma, Miroslav 2; Email Address: tuma@cs.cas.cz; Affiliation:  1: Computer Research and Applications Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Institute of Computer Science, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Pod vodárenskou věží 2, Czech Republic; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p1318; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: diagonally compensated reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: factorized sparse approximate inverses; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite element matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: incomplete conjugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioned conjugate gradients; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse linear systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: stabilized ainv; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gonera, M.
AU  - Peryt, T.M.
AU  - Durakiewicz, T.
T1  - Biostratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental implications of isotopic studies (18O, 13C) of middle Miocene (Badenian) foraminifers in the Central Paratethys.
JO  - Terra Nova
JF  - Terra Nova
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 238
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09544879
AB  - The cause of the middle Miocene Badenian salinity crisis in the Central Paratethys is addressed by examining the palaeotemperature evolution of Badenian waters before and after the deposition of evaporites. Selected foraminifer taxa (Globigerinoides spp., Globigerina bulloides, and Uvigerina) characterizing, respectively, the near-surface, intermediate, and bottom layers of the water column, were studied in two boreholes of SW Poland. The δ18O and δ13C values for these taxa show distinct differences which can be explained by the temperature difference between surface and bottom waters during deposition. These values also show temporal changes corresponding to the water temperature evolution in the Badenian basin. Different and quickly changing environmental conditions have been inferred from changes in foraminifer assemblages. They explain why biostratigraphic subdivisions based on well-recognized assemblages are the most accurate approach for determining the biostratigraphy of middle Miocene deposits in the Central Paratethys. The results of isotopic studies indicate that evaporites occur in a part of the Badenian section that was characterized by the lowest temperatures in the studied sections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Terra Nova is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORAMINIFERA
KW  - STRATIGRAPHIC geology
N1  - Accession Number: 5311145; Gonera, M. 1 Peryt, T.M. 2 Durakiewicz, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Instytut Ochrony Przyrody PAN, Al. A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland  2: Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny, Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warsaw, Poland  3: Instytut Fizyki UMCS, Plac M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 1, 20-031 Lublin, Poland, and, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2000, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p231; Subject Term: FORAMINIFERA; Subject Term: STRATIGRAPHIC geology; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-3121.2000.00303.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, S. M.
AU  - Greeley, M. S.
T1  - Ecotoxicological Indicators of Water Quality: Using Multi-response Indicators to Assess the Health of Aquatic Ecosystems.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 123
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 115
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - As sensitive and ecologically relevant measures of environmental conditions, bioindicators can be used to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems which may be compromised by a variety of environmental stressors such as contaminants, sediments, nutrients, and varying temperature, salinity, and hydrologic regimes. The bioindicators approach is a proven bioassessment method that uses responses of key (sentinel) aquatic organisms both as integrators of stress effects and as sensitive response (early-warning) indicators of environmental health. This integrated approach involves measuring a suite of selected biological and ecological responses at several levels of biological organization from the biomolecular and biochemical to the community levels. When properly designed and applied in field situations, bioindicator studies can help identify causal mechanisms between environmental stressors and population and community-level effects, and serve as a basis for which the effectiveness of remedial actions on the health of aquatic organisms can be evaluated. Rapidly-responding sensitive biomarkers, such as biomolecular and biochemical responses, and slower-response ecologically relevant bioindicators, such as population and community responses, can be included in field bioassessment programs to provide measurement endpoints for use in environmental compliance, regulatory decision-making, and ecological risk assessments. This bioindicators approach should be particularly relevant in helping to identify and diagnose sources of stressors in environments impacted by multiple stressors. To demonstrate use of bioindicators in addressing water quality issues, spatial and temporal patters in various biological responses are related to spatial and temporal patterns of contaminants in two aquatic systems compromised by different stressors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Environmental quality
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Aquatic resources
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - bioindicators
KW  - ecosystem health
KW  - multiple stressors
KW  - water quality
N1  - Accession Number: 16604291; Adams, S. M. 1; Greeley, M. S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Oct2000, Vol. 123 Issue 1-4, p103; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Environmental quality; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic resources; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioindicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem health; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple stressors; Author-Supplied Keyword: water quality; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daniels, J. I.
AU  - Bogen, K. T.
AU  - Hall, L. C.
T1  - Analysis of Uncertainty and Variability in Exposure to Characterize Risk: Case Study Involving Trichloroethylene Groundwater Contamination at Beale Air Force Base in California.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2000/10//
VL  - 123
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 298
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Quantitative assessments of potential human-health consequences from contaminants in environmental media routinely involve conservative deterministic, screening-level calculations of exposure and risk. Because these calculations generally are based on multiple upper-bound point estimates of input parameters, particularly for exposure attributes, they can yield results for decision makers that actually overstate the need for costly remediation. Alternatively, quantifying uncertainty and variability in exposure can provide a more informative and quantitative characterization of health risk. To illustrate, uncertainty and variability in exposure were analyzed for a hypothetical population at a specific site in California where there is trichloroethylene (TCE) contaminated ground water and a potential for its residential use. When uncertainty and variability in exposure were addressed jointly, the 95th-percentile upper-bound value of individual excess lifetime cancer risk was a factor approaching 10 lower than the most conservative deterministic estimate. Also, the probability of more than zero additional cases of cancer can be estimated, and in this case study it is less than 0.5 for a prospective residential population of up to 26,900 individuals present for any 7.6-y interval of a 70-y time period. Clearly, this probabilistic approach can provide reasonable and equitable risk-acceptability criteria for contaminated sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - exposure
KW  - ground water
KW  - joint uncertainty and variability
KW  - probability
KW  - risk
KW  - trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 16604279; Daniels, J. I. 1; Bogen, K. T. 1; Hall, L. C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Health & Ecological Assessment Division, Earth & Environmental Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, L-396, Livermore, CA 94551-0808; Issue Info: Oct2000, Vol. 123 Issue 1-4, p273; Thesaurus Term: Trichloroethylene; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: ground water; Author-Supplied Keyword: joint uncertainty and variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: trichloroethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Handler, G.
AU  - Arentoft, T.
AU  - Shobbrook, R. R.
AU  - Wood, M. A.
AU  - Crause, L. A.
AU  - Crake, P.
AU  - Podmore, F.
AU  - Habanyama, A.
AU  - Oswalt, T.
AU  - Birch, P. V.
AU  - Lowe, G.
AU  - Sterken, C.
AU  - Meintjes, P.
AU  - Brink, J.
AU  - Claver, C. F.
AU  - Medupe, R.
AU  - Guzik, J. A.
AU  - Beach, T. E.
AU  - Martinez, P.
AU  - Leibowitz, E. M.
T1  - Delta Scuti Network observations of XX Pyx: detection of 22 pulsation modes and of short-term amplitude and frequency variations.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2000/10/21/
VL  - 318
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
EP  - 525
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We report multisite observations devoted to the main-sequence δ Scuti star XX Pyx, conducted as the 17th run of the Delta Scuti Network. Over 125 nights a total of 550 h of usable time-series photometric B- and V-filter data were acquired involving both photoelectric and CCD measurements at eight observatories spread around the world, which represents the most extensive single time-series for any pulsating star other than the Sun obtained so far. We describe our observations and reduction methods, and present the frequency analysis of our new data. First, we detect six new pulsation and five new combination frequencies in the star's light curves. We also discover evidence for amplitude and/or frequency variations of some of the modes during the observations. These can occur on time-scales as short as 20 d and show quite diverse behaviour. To take them into account in the frequency analysis, a so-called non-linear frequency analysis method was developed, allowing us to quantify the temporal variability of the modes and to compensate for it. Following that we continue the frequency search and we also incorporate published multisite observations. In this way, we reveal three more pulsation and two more combination frequencies. In the end, we report a total of 30 significant frequencies – 22 of which correspond to independent pulsation modes. This is the largest number of independent modes ever detected in the light curves of a δ Scuti star. The frequencies of the modes show preferred separations as already suggested by previous work on this star; they are also arranged in clear patterns. These results lead to a refinement of the stellar mean density [equation] and to a new constraint on the rotation rate of XX Pyx (ν[sub rot]=1.1±0.3 d[sup -1]). However, our attempts to identify the modes by pattern recognition failed. Moreover, mode identification from multicolour photometry failed as well because the high pulsation frequencies make this method unfavourable. The diverse behaviour of the amplitude and frequency variations of some of the modes leaves resonances as the only presently known possibility for their explanation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLAR oscillations
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL photometry
KW  - δ Scuti
KW  - stars: individual: CD‐24 7599
KW  - stars: individual: XX Pyx
KW  - stars: oscillations
KW  - techniques: photometric
N1  - Accession Number: 5519090; Handler, G. Arentoft, T. 1 Shobbrook, R. R. Wood, M. A. 2 Crause, L. A. 3 Crake, P. 4 Podmore, F. 5 Habanyama, A. 6 Oswalt, T. 2 Birch, P. V. 4 Lowe, G. 4 Sterken, C. 1 Meintjes, P. 7 Brink, J. 7 Claver, C. F. 8 Medupe, R. Guzik, J. A. 9 Beach, T. E. 10 Martinez, P. 11 Leibowitz, E. M. 12; Affiliation:  1: Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium  2: Department of Physics and Space Sciences & SARA Observatory, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. Univ. Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901, USA  3: Department of Astronomy, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa  4: Perth Observatory, Walnut Rd., Bickley, Western Australia 6076, Australia  5: Department of Physics, University of Zimbabwe, PO Box MP167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe  6: Department of Physics, University of Zambia, PO Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia  7: Physics Department, University of the Orange Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa  8: National Optical Astronomy Observatories, PO Box 26732, Tucson, Arizona 85726-6732, USA  9: Los Alamos National Laboratory, X-2, MS B220, Los Alamos, NM 87545-2345, USA  10: Department of Natural Sciences, University of New Mexico, Los Alamos, 4000 University Drive, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  11: South African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, Observatory 7935, South Africa  12: Wise Observatory, Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Source Info: 10/21/2000, Vol. 318 Issue 2, p511; Subject Term: STELLAR oscillations; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL photometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: δ Scuti; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: CD‐24 7599; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: XX Pyx; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: techniques: photometric; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.t01-1-03817.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banerjee, Bakul
T1  - Mapping software: Are we nearing standardization?
JO  - Annals of Software Engineering
JF  - Annals of Software Engineering
Y1  - 2000/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
EP  - 387
SN  - 10227091
AB  - As software technologies advance, the software community uses the newest and most powerful technology and associated notations. However, mapping software with a set of notations that would survive the test of time is becoming increasingly difficult. A survey of current methodologies indicates that half-lives of various software notations are short. The dependence of software notations on programming languages and environment specific methodologies often makes these notations obsolete. In this paper, development of a standard set of software notations that is independent of programming paradigms, yet extensible enough to accommodate programming needs, is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Software Engineering is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - HIGH technology
KW  - COMPUTER science
N1  - Accession Number: 9803747; Banerjee, Bakul 1; Email Address: b.banerjee@computer.org; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 10 Issue 1-4, p373; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: HIGH technology; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, J. A.
AU  - Liu, K. C.
AU  - McCabe, D. E.
AU  - David, S. A.
T1  - Using torsional bar testing to determine fracture toughness.
JO  - Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures
JF  - Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures
Y1  - 2000/11//
VL  - 23
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
EP  - 927
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 8756758X
AB  - A new method to determine fracture toughness KIC of materials is introduced. A round-rod specimen having a V-grooved spiral line with a 45° pitch is tested under pure torsion. An equibiaxial tensile/compressive stress state is effectively created to simulate conventional test methods using a compact-type specimen with a thickness equivalent to the full length of the spiral line. KIC values are estimated from the fracture load and crack length with the aid of a three-dimensional finite element analysis. KIC of 7475-T7351 aluminium is estimated to be 51.3 MPa √m, which is higher than the vendor’s value in the TL orientation by ∼0.8% and higher than 0.5T compact tension (CT) value by 6%; A302B steel yields 54.9 MPa √m being higher than CT test value by ∼2%. Good agreement between the KIC values obtained by different methods indicates the proposed method is sound and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TORSION
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - fracture toughness
KW  - Mixed mode fracture
KW  - size effect
KW  - spiral notch test
KW  - torsion bar testing
N1  - Accession Number: 5238599; Wang, J. A. 1 Liu, K. C. 1 McCabe, D. E. 1 David, S. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6370, USA; Source Info: Nov2000, Vol. 23 Issue 11, p917; Subject Term: TORSION; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed mode fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: size effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: spiral notch test; Author-Supplied Keyword: torsion bar testing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watson, C. A.
AU  - Chang-Liu, C.-M.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
T1  - Modulation of calmodulin by UV and X-rays in primary human endothelial cell cultures.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2000/11//
VL  - 76
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1455
EP  - 1461
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: Previous studies by the present authors and others have shown that the expression of many genes is modulated by radiation. The purpose of this study is to identify additional genes that are affected by UV and X-radiation. Identification of specific genes affected by radiation may allow the determination of pathways important in radiation responses as well as an examination of transcriptional elements that are involved in the process. Materials and methods: A modified differential display approach coupled with sequencing was used to identify genes that are modulated in response to UV and ionizing radiation, and Northern blot analysis was used to confirm specific gene modulation. Results: Treatment of human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells with UV radiation resulted in the differential expression of several genes. Sequencing of the bands revealed that one of these was calmodulin. There was a 30% reduction in accumulation of calmodulin-specific mRNA 1h post UV exposure, and a 50% decrease 3h after treatment. X-rays also repressed accumulation of calmodium mRNA. Radiation exposure of HeLa cells also resulted in a decrease in expression of this gene. Conclusions: UV and ionizing radiations cause a decrease in accumulation of calmodulin transcripts in the first 1-3 h following exposure. Repression of calmodium mRNA levels may be one mechanism of stress-induced intracellular Ca[sup 2+] modulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALMODULIN
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - X-rays
KW  - HUMAN cell culture
N1  - Accession Number: 3862983; Watson, C. A. 1 Chang-Liu, C.-M. 2 Woloschak, G. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Science and Mathematics, Roosevelt University, 430 S. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Il 665, USA, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4833, USA  2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4833, USA; Source Info: Nov2000, Vol. 76 Issue 11, p1455; Subject Term: CALMODULIN; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: HUMAN cell culture; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000050176216
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Louise E.
AU  - Li, Alex Dong
AU  - Muslin, Elizabeth H.
AU  - Schiffer, Marianne
AU  - Stevens, Fred J.
T1  - Identifying redox-sensitive extra-chloroplastic enzymes by homology modeling.
JO  - Physiologia Plantarum
JF  - Physiologia Plantarum
Y1  - 2000/11//
VL  - 110
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
EP  - 302
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00319317
AB  - Homology modeling has been used to identify extra-chloroplastic enzymes that contain potential disulfide bonds. All of the higher plant fructose bisphosphatases and mitochondrial citrate synthases that have been tested to date, two glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenases, two enolases and one lactate dehydrogenase, are redox-sensitive and may then be redox-regulated in vivo. Apparently, redox-sensitivity is not limited to the chloroplast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physiologia Plantarum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Homology (Biology)
KW  - Plant enzymes
KW  - Chloroplasts
N1  - Accession Number: 5789757; Anderson, Louise E. 1; Li, Alex Dong 1,2; Muslin, Elizabeth H. 1,3; Schiffer, Marianne 4; Stevens, Fred J. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7060, USA; 2: Present address: Bioinformatics Department, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Johnston, IA 50131-1004, USA; 3: Present address: Agronomy Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; 4: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Nov2000, Vol. 110 Issue 3, p296; Thesaurus Term: Homology (Biology); Subject Term: Plant enzymes; Subject Term: Chloroplasts; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brezina, M.
AU  - Cleary, A. J.
AU  - Falgout, R. D.
AU  - Henson, V. E.
AU  - Jones, J. E.
AU  - Manteuffel, T. A.
AU  - McCormick, S. F.
AU  - Ruge, J. W.
T1  - ALGEBRAIC MULTIGRID BASED ON ELEMENT INTERPOLATION (AMGe).
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2000/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1570
EP  - 1592
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We introduce AMGe, an algebraic multigrid method for solving the discrete equations that arise in Ritz-type finite element methods for partial differential equations. Assuming access to the element stiffness matrices, we have that AMGe is based on the use of two local measures, which are derived from global measures that appear in existing multigrid theory. These new measures are used to determine local representations of algebraically ‘smooth’ error components that provide the basis for constructing effective interpolation and, hence, the coarsening process for AMG. Here, we focus on the interpolation process; choice of the coarse ‘grids’ based on these measures is the subject of current research. We develop a theoretical foundation for AMGe and present numerical results that demonstrate the efficacy of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - algebraic multigrid
KW  - finite elements
KW  - interpolation weights
N1  - Accession Number: 13205558; Brezina, M. 1; Email Address: mbrezina@colorado.edu Cleary, A. J. 2; Email Address: cleary@llnl.gov Falgout, R. D. 2; Email Address: rfalgout@llnl.gov Henson, V. E. 2; Email Address: vhenson@llnl.gov Jones, J. E. 2; Email Address: jjones@llnl.gov Manteuffel, T. A. 1; Email Address: tmanteuf@colorado.edu McCormick, S. F. 1; Email Address: stevem@colorado.edu Ruge, J. W. 1; Email Address: jruge@colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: Applied Math Department, Campus Box 526, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0526  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-561, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p1570; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: algebraic multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: interpolation weights; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riitters, Kurt
AU  - Wickham, James
AU  - O'Neill, Robert
AU  - Jones, Bruce
AU  - Smith, Elizabeth
T1  - Global-Scale Patterns of Forest Fragmentation.
JO  - Conservation Ecology (11955449)
JF  - Conservation Ecology (11955449)
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 12
PB  - Resilience Alliance
SN  - 11955449
AB  - The article reports an analysis of forest fragmentation based on 1-kilometer (km) resolution land-cover maps for the globe. Six categories of fragmentation, including interior, perforated, edge, transitional, patch, and undetermined, were identified from the amount of forest and its occurrence as adjacent forest pixels. It found that in North America, tropical rain forest fragmentation was most severe, but was least severe in Europe-Asia. The forest types with the highest percentage of interior conditions, which include cool rain forest, coniferous and conifer boreal, are in North America.
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Fragmented landscapes
KW  - Rain forests
KW  - Taigas
KW  - Europe
KW  - Asia
KW  - North America
KW  - biogeography
KW  - edge effect
KW  - forest fragmentation
KW  - geographic information systems
KW  - global patterns
KW  - land-cover map
KW  - landscape ecology
KW  - modeling
KW  - perforated forest
KW  - remote sensing
KW  - satellite imagery
KW  - spatial pattern
N1  - Accession Number: 51835640; Riitters, Kurt 1; Email Address: kriitters@fs.fed.us; Wickham, James 2; O'Neill, Robert 3; Jones, Bruce 2; Smith, Elizabeth 2; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division; 2: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2000, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p157; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Fragmented landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Rain forests; Thesaurus Term: Taigas; Subject: Europe; Subject: Asia; Subject: North America; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogeography; Author-Supplied Keyword: edge effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographic information systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: global patterns; Author-Supplied Keyword: land-cover map; Author-Supplied Keyword: landscape ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: perforated forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: remote sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: satellite imagery; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial pattern; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helander, P.
AU  - Fielding, S.
AU  - Cohen, R.
AU  - Ryutov, D.
T1  - Electric biasing of the divertor tiles in compass-D.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 50
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1421
EP  - 1430
SN  - 00114626
AB  - It has been suggested that by electrically biasing the divertor tiles in a tokamak, one could create a toroidally-asymmetric potential structure in the scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma. The resulting E× B convective motion should increase the plasma transport in the SOL and thereby reduce the heat load on the divertor plates. This paper describes plans for such experiments on COMPASS-D and preliminary theoretical modelling. The COMPASS-D divertor target consists of 24 graphite tiled toroidal segments. The inner and outer strike point tiles on all these segments will be insulated from each other, and cabling will be installed to allow for biasing of individual tiles in any combination. Theoretical analysis suggests that the electrostatic potential perturbations caused by the biasing will be confined to the divertor region below the X-point, and that substantial SOL broadening can be achieved by applying modest voltages. Aside from active control of SOL transport, it is hoped that the biasing will be useful to probe other divertor and SOL physics issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50179035; Helander, P. 1 Fielding, S. 1 Cohen, R. 2 Ryutov, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association , Culham Science Centre , Abingdon U.K.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore USA; Source Info: Dec2000, Vol. 50 Issue 12, p1421; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1022851714099
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pedrosa, M.
AU  - Hidalgo, C.
AU  - López-Fraguas, A.
AU  - Milligen, B.
AU  - Balbín, R.
AU  - Jiménez, J.
AU  - Sánchez, E.
AU  - Castellano, J.
AU  - Team, TJ-II
AU  - García, L.
AU  - Carreras, B.
AU  - Lynch, V.
T1  - Role of rational surfaces on fluctuations and transport in the plasma edge of the TJ-II stellarator.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 50
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1463
EP  - 1470
SN  - 00114626
AB  - It has been shown that transport barriers in toroidal magnetically confined plasmas tend to be linked to regions of unique magnetic topology such as the location of a minimum in the safety factor, rational surfaces or the boundary between closed and open flux surfaces. In the absence of E× B sheared flows, fluctuations are expected to show maximum amplitude near rational surfaces, and plasma confinement might tend to deteriorate. On the other hand, if the generation of E× B sheared flows were linked to low order rational surfaces, these would be beneficial for confinement. Experimental evidence of E× B sheared flows linked to rational surfaces has been obtained in the plasma edge region of the TJ-II stellarator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50179039; Pedrosa, M. 1 Hidalgo, C. 1 López-Fraguas, A. 1 Milligen, B. 1 Balbín, R. 1 Jiménez, J. 1 Sánchez, E. 1 Castellano, J. 1 Team, TJ-II 1 García, L. 2 Carreras, B. 3 Lynch, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión por Confinamiento Magnético , Asociación EURATOM-CIEMAT , 28040 Madrid Spain  2: Universidad Carlos III , 28911 Madrid Spain  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory , 37831-8070 Oak Ridge USA; Source Info: Dec2000, Vol. 50 Issue 12, p1463; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1022859915916
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roh, Y.
AU  - Lee, S. Y.
AU  - Elless, M. P.
T1  - Characterization of corrosion products in the permeable reactive barriers.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
EP  - 194
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - The impact of geochemical processes and microbial activity has been a major concern for the long-term performance of reactive iron barriers because corrosion products and precipitates during the water treatment with reactive materials will decrease the reactivity and permeability of the iron bed. This study characterizes corrosion products in reactive iron barrier as well as evaluates the effect of the iron corrosion products and precipitates on iron wall performance during contaminated-water treatment under varying conditions. Major phases in the reactive iron barrier include iron oxides, carbonates, iron sulfides, and elemental sulfur, depending on the degree of iron oxidation, groundwater chemistry, and microbial activity. Detailed geochemical and mineralogical characteristics are imperative for long-range predictions of the reactive iron wall performance on water treatment because the surface coating materials reduce the effectiveness of the zero-valent iron media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Corrosion & anti-corrosives
KW  - Water utilities
KW  - Ferric oxide
KW  - Iron oxides
KW  - Metallic oxides
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Groundwater treatment
KW  - Trichloroethene
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Zero-valent iron
N1  - Accession Number: 16564979; Roh, Y. 1; Email Address: rohy@ornl.gov; Lee, S. Y. 1; Email Address: rohy@ornl.gov; Elless, M. P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA; 2: Edenspace Systems Corporation, Reston, Virginia 20191, USA; Issue Info: Dec2000, Vol. 40 Issue 1/2, p184; Thesaurus Term: Corrosion & anti-corrosives; Thesaurus Term: Water utilities; Thesaurus Term: Ferric oxide; Thesaurus Term: Iron oxides; Thesaurus Term: Metallic oxides; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trichloroethene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zero-valent iron; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Daddario, David
T1  - Site Redevelopment Strategies For Dormant Oil And Gas Facilities.
JO  - Environmental Geosciences
JF  - Environmental Geosciences
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 208
EP  - 208
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10759565
AB  - Removing environmentally impaired land and building assets from the corporate balance sheet can provide significant returns to oil and gas companies. However, environmental cleanup costs, as well as regulatory, political, and community issues can be stumbling blocks. New tools and methods are now available to resolve “distressed” site redeployment issues. Plus, federal and state regulators are now helping to streamline the environmental approvals' process for contaminated properties with redevelopment potential. This session will address the latest techniques to uncover redevelopment opportunities and: Reduce cleanup costs and minimize environmental liabilities; Manage regulatory issues and community affairs; and Structure and close optimum transactions. For example, in California several oil terminal and refinery sites have recently been repositioned in the marketplace for productive new uses. The key to moving these projects ahead was in coordinating the site reuse opportunities with remediation plans and effectively communicating the objectives to regulators, developers, and communities. Case studies will be used to illustrate how corporations are succeeding in redeploying distressed assets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Gas fields
KW  - Petroleum geology
N1  - Accession Number: 5218804; Daddario, David 1; Affiliations: 1: North American Realty Advisory Service, LP Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore National Laboratory, New York, NY; Issue Info: Dec2000, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p208; Thesaurus Term: Gas fields; Thesaurus Term: Petroleum geology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237120 Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Abstract
L3  - 10.1046/j.1526-0984.2000.74002-2.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhaduri, Budhendra
AU  - Harbor, Jon
AU  - Engel, Bernie
AU  - Grove, Matt
T1  - Assessing Watershed-Scale, Long-Term Hydrologic Impacts of Land-Use Change Using a GIS-NPS Model.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
EP  - 658
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Land-use change, dominated by an increase in urban/impervious areas, has a significant impact on water resources. This includes impacts on nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, which is the leading cause of degraded water quality in the United States. Traditional hydrologic models focus on estimating peak discharges and NPS pollution from high-magnitude, episodic storms and successfully address short-term, local-scale surface water management issues. However, runoff from small, low-frequency storms dominates long-term hydrologic impacts, and existing hydrologic models are usually of limited use in assessing the long-term impacts of land-use change. A long-term hydrologic impact assessment (L-THIA) model has been developed using the curve number (CN) method. Long-term climatic records are used in combination with soils and land-use information to calculate average annual runoff and NPS pollution at a watershed scale. The model is linked to a geographic information system (GIS) for convenient generation and management of model input and output data, and advanced visualization of model results. The L-THIA/NPS GIS model was applied to the Little Eagle Creek (LEC) watershed near Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Historical land-use scenarios for 1973, 1984, and 1991 were analyzed to track land-use change in the watershed and to assess impacts on annual average runoff and NPS pollution from the watershed and its five subbasins. For the entire watershed between 1973 and 1991, an 18% increase in urban or impervious areas resulted in an estimated 80% increase in annual average runoff volume and estimated increases of more than 50% in annual average loads for lead, copper, and zinc. Estimated nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) loads decreased by 15% mainly because of loss of agricultural areas. The L-THIA/NPS GIS model is a powerful tool for identifying environmentally sensitive areas in terms of NPS pollution potential and for evaluating alternative land use scenarios for NPS pollution management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Land use
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Water quality -- United States
KW  - United States
KW  - Geographic information system
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Hydrology; Geographic information system; Nonpoint source pollution; Modeling; Water resources; Watershed
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Nonpoint source pollution
KW  - Water resources
KW  - Watershed
N1  - Accession Number: 15311078; Bhaduri, Budhendra 1; Harbor, Jon 2; Engel, Bernie 3; Grove, Matt 2; Affiliations: 1: GIS Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS 6237, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6237, USA; 2: Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1397, USA; 3: Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; Issue Info: Dec2000, Vol. 26 Issue 6, p643; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Runoff; Subject Term: Water quality -- United States; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geographic information system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrology; Geographic information system; Nonpoint source pollution; Modeling; Water resources; Watershed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonpoint source pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Watershed; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002670010122
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rogers, Alistair
AU  - Humphries, Steven W.
T1  - A mechanistic evaluation of photosynthetic acclimation at elevated CO2.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 6
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1011
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - SummaryPlants grown at elevated pCO2 often fail to sustain the initial stimulation of net CO2 uptake rate (A). This reduced, acclimated, stimulation of A often occurs concomitantly with a reduction in the maximum carboxylation velocity (Vc,max) of Rubisco. To investigate this relationship we used the Farquhar model of C3 photosynthesis to predict the minimum Vc,max capable of supporting the acclimated stimulation in A observed at elevated pCO2. For a wide range of species grown at elevated pCO2 under contrasting conditions we found a strong correlation between observed and predicted values of Vc,max. This exercise mechanistically and quantitatively demonstrated that the observed acclimated stimulation of A and the simultaneous decrease in Vc,max observed at elevated pCO2 is mechanistically consistent. With the exception of plants grown at a high elevated pCO2 (> 90 Pa), which show evidence of an excess investment in Rubisco, the failure to maintain the initial stimulation of A is almost entirely attributable to the decrease in Vc,max and investment in Rubisco is coupled to requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCLIMATIZATION
KW  - CARBON dioxide -- Environmental aspects
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - acclimation
KW  - C3 photosynthesis
KW  - elevated carbon dioxide
KW  - modelling
KW  - Rubisco
N1  - Accession Number: 5471350; Rogers, Alistair 1 Humphries, Steven W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA; Source Info: Dec2000, Vol. 6 Issue 8, p1005; Subject Term: ACCLIMATIZATION; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: acclimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C3 photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00375.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, W.
AU  - Morrison, D. P.
AU  - Gale, K. L.
AU  - Lucas, J. N.
T1  - A comparative study on potential cytogenetic fingerprints for radiation LET in human lymphocytes.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 76
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1589
EP  - 1598
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To carry out a comparative study on potential cytogenetic fingerprints for radiation LET in human metaphase lymphocytes. Materials and methods: Human lymphocytes were irradiated in vitro with 3.0Gy [sup 60]Co γ-rays, 0.9 Gy [sup 3]H β-rays or 0.2 Gy 2.7Mev neutrons. Detailed chromosome aberrations were analysed by combined FISH with pan-telomere staining and specific wholechromosome painting (1, 2 and 4). Total chromosome translocations and insertions were also analysed by multicolour wholechromosome painting (chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 orange, chromosomes 3, 5 and 6 green). Results: Among the six proposed radiation cytogenetic fingerprints, the ratio of total simple translocations to insertions (I-ratio), showed the largest difference between low-LET 60Co γ-ray and high-LET neutron radiation. The ratios of complete exchanges to incomplete rejoinings [S(I)-ratio] and dicentrics to interstitial deletions (H-ratio), showed a similar significant difference between low- and high-LET radiation. The ratios of centric rings to interstitial deletion (G-ratio) showed a trend of LETrelated difference, but the difference was not significant in this data set. The ratios of dicentrics to centric rings (F-ratio) and apparent complete exchanges to hidden complete exchanges [S(II)-ratio], showed no difference between low- and high-LET radiation. In the 1426 radiation-induced chromosome aberrations observed after 52h culture, evidence for sister-chromatid fusion but not telomere addition was found. Conclusion: Pan-telomere staining plus specific whole chromosome painting allows simultaneous and objective detection of complete or incomplete chromosome exchanges and interstitial or terminal deletions in human peripheral lymphocytes. Of the six proposed cytogenetic ratios, the I-ratio is the most effective cytogenetic fingerprint for distinguishing low-LET from high-LET radiation in human metaphase human lymphocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMAN cytogenetics
KW  - LINEAR energy transfer
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
N1  - Accession Number: 4041452; Deng, W. 1 Morrison, D. P. 2 Gale, K. L. 2 Lucas, J. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA. ‡Sichuan Institute of Radiation Health and Protection, 19 Dianxin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China.  2: AECL, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario KOJ1Jo, Canada  3: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.; Source Info: Dec2000, Vol. 76 Issue 12, p1589; Subject Term: HUMAN cytogenetics; Subject Term: LINEAR energy transfer; Subject Term: LYMPHOCYTES; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 16 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000050201073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan, Mark
AU  - Ellis, Richard
AU  - Nugent, Peter
AU  - Smail, Ian
AU  - Madau, Piero
T1  - A strategy for finding gravitationally lensed distant supernovae.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2000/12//12/1/2000
VL  - 319
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 549
EP  - 556
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - Distant Type Ia and II supernovae (SNe) can serve as valuable probes of the history of the cosmic expansion and star formation, and provide important information on their progenitor models. At present, however, there are few observational constraints on the abundance of SNe at high redshifts. A major science driver for the Next Generation Space Telescope is the study of such very distant SNe. In this paper we discuss strategies for finding and counting distant SNe by using repeat imaging of supercritical intermediate redshift clusters whose mass distributions are well constrained via modelling of strongly lensed features. For a variety of different models for the star formation history and supernova progenitors, we estimate the likelihood of detecting lensed SNe as a function of their redshift. In the case of a survey conducted with Hubble Space Telescope (HST), we predict a high probability of seeing a supernova in a single return visit with either Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 or Advanced Camera for Surveys, and a much higher probability of detecting examples with in the lensed case. Most events would represent magnified SNe II at and a fraction will be more distant examples. We discuss various ways to classify such events using ground-based infrared photometry. We demonstrate an application of the method using the HST archival data and discuss the case of a possible event found in the rich cluster AC 114 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - GRAVITATIONAL lenses
KW  - RED shift
KW  - cosmology: observations
KW  - galaxies: clusters: general
KW  - gravitational lensing
KW  - supernovae: general
N1  - Accession Number: 5668002; Sullivan, Mark Ellis, Richard Nugent, Peter 1 Smail, Ian 2 Madau, Piero 3; Affiliation:  1: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS50-232, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE  3: Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHA; Source Info: 12/1/2000, Vol. 319 Issue 2, p549; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: GRAVITATIONAL lenses; Subject Term: RED shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravitational lensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: supernovae: general; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03875.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=5668002&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katul., Gabriel
AU  - Katul, G. G.
AU  - Ellsworth, D. S.
AU  - Lai, C.-T.
T1  - Modelling assimilation and intercellular CO2 from measured conductance: a synthesis of approaches.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 23
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1313
EP  - 1328
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - ABSTRACT A spectrum of models that estimate assimilation rate A from intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) and measured stomatal conductance to CO2 (gc) were investigated using leaf-level gas exchange measurements. The gas exchange measurements were performed in a uniform loblolly pine stand (Pinus taeda L.) using the Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) facility under ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2 for 3 years. These measurements were also used to test a newly proposed framework that combines basic properties of the A–Ci curve with a Fickian diffusion transport model to predict the relationship between Ci/Ca and gc, where Ca is atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. The widely used Ball–Berry model and five other models as well as the biochemical model proposed by were also reformulated to express variations in Ci/Ca as a function of their corresponding driving mechanisms. To assess the predictive capabilities of these approaches, their respective parameters were estimated from independent measurements of long-term stable carbon isotope determinations (δ13C), meteorological variables, and ensemble A–Ci curves. All eight approaches reproduced the measured A reasonably well, in an ensemble sense, from measured water vapour conductance and modeled Ci/Ca. However, the scatter in the instantaneous A estimates was sufficiently large for both ambient and elevated Ca to suggest that other transient processes were not explicitly resolved by all eight parameterizations. An important finding from our analysis is that added physiological complexity in modeling Ci/Ca (when gc is known) need not always translate to increased accuracy in predicting A. Finally, the broader utility of these approaches to estimate assimilation and net ecosystem exchange is discussed in relation to elevated atmospheric CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - STOMATA
KW  - GAS exchange in plants
KW  - carbon isotope
KW  - CO
KW  - Conductance
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - Free Air CO
KW  - intercellular CO
KW  - Pine forest
N1  - Accession Number: 5520276; Katul., Gabriel Katul, G. G. 1 Ellsworth, D. S. 1,2 Lai, C.-T. 1; Affiliation:  1: School of the Environment, Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708–0328, USA and  2: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA; Source Info: Dec2000, Vol. 23 Issue 12, p1313; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: STOMATA; Subject Term: GAS exchange in plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon isotope; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free Air CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: intercellular CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pine forest; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=5520276&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stansfield, Sharon
AU  - Shawver, Daniel
AU  - Sobel, Annette
AU  - Prasad, Monica
AU  - Tapia, Lydia
T1  - Design and Implementation of a Virtual Reality System and Its Application to Training Medical First Responders.
JO  - Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments
JF  - Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments
Y1  - 2000/12//
VL  - 9
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 524
EP  - 556
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10547460
AB  - This paper presents the design and implementation of a distributed virtual reality (VR) platform that was developed to support the training of multiple users who must perform complex tasks in which situation assessment and critical thinking are the primary components of success. The system is fully immersive and multimodal, and users are represented as tracked, full-body figures. The system supports the manipulation of virtual objects, allowing users to act upon the environment in a natural manner. The underlying intelligent simulation component creates an interactive, responsive world in which the consequences of such actions are presented within a realistic, time-critical scenario. The focus of this work has been on the training of medical emergency-response personnel. BioSimMER, an application of the system to training first responders to an act of bio-terrorism, has been implemented and is presented throughout the paper as a concrete example of how the underlying platform architecture supports complex training tasks. Finally, a preliminary field study was performed at the Texas Engineering Extension Service Fire Protection Training Division. The study focused on individual, rather than team, interaction with the system and was designed to gauge user acceptance of VR as a training tool. The results of this study are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIRTUAL reality in education
KW  - EMERGENCY medical personnel
KW  - TRAINING
KW  - TRAINING of
N1  - Accession Number: 4278844; Stansfield, Sharon 1 Shawver, Daniel 2 Sobel, Annette 2 Prasad, Monica 2 Tapia, Lydia 2; Affiliation:  1: Ithaca College Ithaca, NY 14850  2: Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: Dec2000, Vol. 9 Issue 6, p524; Subject Term: VIRTUAL reality in education; Subject Term: EMERGENCY medical personnel; Subject Term: TRAINING; Subject Term: TRAINING of; Number of Pages: 33p; Illustrations: 12 Black and White Photographs, 5 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 16589
L3  - 10.1162/105474600300040376
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=4278844&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Lewis, T. A.
T1  - A two-dimensional beam profile monitor based on residual gas ionization.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1969
EP  - 1973
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A two-dimensional beam profile monitor based on tracking the ionization of the residual gas molecules in the evacuated beam pipe is described. Tracking in position and time of the ions and electrons produced in the ionization enables simultaneous position sampling in three dimensions. Special features which make it possible to sample very low beam currents were employed [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION of gases
KW  - IONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - GASES
KW  - evacuated beam pipe
KW  - ionisation
KW  - particle beam diagnostics
KW  - residual gas ionization
KW  - residual gas molecules
KW  - simultaneous position sampling
KW  - two-dimensional beam profile monitor
KW  - very low beam currents
N1  - Accession Number: 52173397; Shapira, D. 1 Lewis, T. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Instrumentation and Control Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 3783 1, USA  2: Instrumentation and Control Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 3783 1, USA; Source Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p1969; Subject Term: IONIZATION of gases; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: GASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: evacuated beam pipe; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle beam diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: residual gas ionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: residual gas molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: simultaneous position sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional beam profile monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: very low beam currents; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903830
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=52173397&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Lewis, T. A
T1  - Position of ion impact determined via detection of secondary electrons.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1974
EP  - 1978
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The factors affecting the performance of a Position Sensitive Timing Detector (PSTD), which is based on detecting secondary electrons rejected from a foil by the passing ion in a position sensitive detection device, were investigated. We studied effects of multiple scattering in the foil, electron transport from the foil to the micro-channel plate (MCP) detector surface, and signal processing hardware. We conclude that, for detectors with foil-to-MCP distance of 5-10 cm, which use only electrostatic acceleration, electron transport limits the devices currently in use to resolution worse than 2 mm (FWHM) [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - SECONDARY electron emission
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - POSITION sensitive particle detectors
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - electron transport
KW  - electrostatic acceleration
KW  - ion impact
KW  - micro-channel plate detector surface
KW  - multiple scattering
KW  - nuclear electronics
KW  - passing ion
KW  - position sensitive detection device
KW  - position sensitive particle detectors
KW  - Position Sensitive Timing Detector
KW  - proportional counters
KW  - secondary electron emission
KW  - secondary electrons detection
KW  - signal processing
KW  - signal processing hardware
N1  - Accession Number: 52173398; Shapira, D. 1 Lewis, T. A 2; Affiliation:  1: LPhysics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830  2: 1nstrumentation and Controls Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830; Source Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p1974; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: SECONDARY electron emission; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: POSITION sensitive particle detectors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrostatic acceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: micro-channel plate detector surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: passing ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive detection device; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position Sensitive Timing Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: proportional counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: secondary electron emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: secondary electrons detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal processing hardware; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903831
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=52173398&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - David, G.
AU  - Kistenev, E.
AU  - White, S.
AU  - Woody, C.
AU  - Bazilevsky, A.
AU  - Belikov, S.
AU  - Kochetkov, V.
AU  - Onuchin, V.
AU  - Usachev, A.
T1  - Pattern recognition in the PHENIX PbSc electromagnetic calorimeter.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1982
EP  - 1986
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The pattern recognition algorithm for the PHENIX PbSc electromagnetic calorimeters are presented. The algorithm is based upon energy and impact angle dependent description of the electromagnetic shower shape as measured in the test beam and reproduced in GEANT simulation. The efficiency of the pattern recognition for identification of single and multiple showers is studied and discussed [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATTERN perception
KW  - LEAD
KW  - SCANDIUM
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - electromagnetic shower shape
KW  - energy dependent description
KW  - GEANT simulation
KW  - high energy physics instrumentation computing
KW  - impact angle dependent description
KW  - lead alloys
KW  - multiple showers
KW  - particle calorimetry
KW  - pattern recognition
KW  - PbSc
KW  - PHENIX PbSc electromagnetic calorimeter
KW  - scandium alloys
KW  - single showers
KW  - solid scintillation detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 52173400; David, G. 1 Kistenev, E. 1 White, S. 1 Woody, C. 1 Bazilevsky, A. 2 Belikov, S. 2 Kochetkov, V. 2 Onuchin, V. 2 Usachev, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  2: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia; Source Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p1982; Subject Term: PATTERN perception; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: SCANDIUM; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic shower shape; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy dependent description; Author-Supplied Keyword: GEANT simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: high energy physics instrumentation computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: impact angle dependent description; Author-Supplied Keyword: lead alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple showers; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: PbSc; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHENIX PbSc electromagnetic calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: scandium alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: single showers; Author-Supplied Keyword: solid scintillation detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903833
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=52173400&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cancelo, Gustavo I. E.
AU  - Zimmermann, Sergio
T1  - Modeling and simulation of a readout architecture for pixel detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2007
EP  - 2013
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper analyzes in detail some theoretical aspects in the modeling of a proposed readout architecture for pixel detectors. The readout architecture is designed for a chip containing about 3000 pixels of 50 μm×400 μm. The main objective is to get the maximum pixel hit readout with the minimum probability of hit loss. The readout architecture is modeled as a Markov stochastic process. The pixel front-end and readout are simulated and tested with Monte Carlo data. The simulations allow to optimize the communication channel bandwidths and local buffering. The probability of system overflow of the simulated system is compared with the one obtained by modeling [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PIXELS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - communication channel bandwidths
KW  - hit loss
KW  - local buffering
KW  - Markov processes
KW  - Markov stochastic process
KW  - maximum pixel hit readout
KW  - Monte Carlo data
KW  - nuclear electronics
KW  - pixel detectors
KW  - pixel front-end
KW  - readout architecture
KW  - readout electronics
KW  - Si
KW  - silicon radiation detectors
KW  - system overflow
N1  - Accession Number: 52173404; Cancelo, Gustavo I. E. 1 Zimmermann, Sergio 2; Affiliation:  1: Univ. of La PlatdFermilab  2: Fermilab; Source Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p2007; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PIXELS; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: communication channel bandwidths; Author-Supplied Keyword: hit loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: local buffering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov stochastic process; Author-Supplied Keyword: maximum pixel hit readout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo data; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: pixel detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: pixel front-end; Author-Supplied Keyword: readout architecture; Author-Supplied Keyword: readout electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon radiation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: system overflow; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903837
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=52173404&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hansen, R. R.
AU  - Reeder, P. L.
AU  - Peurrung, A. J.
AU  - Stromswold, D. C.
T1  - Neutron-gamma discrimination in plastic scintillators.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2024
EP  - 2028
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Direct detection of fast neutrons prior to moderation offers increased performance at lower cost for future neutron detection technologies. Neutron detection by proton recoil in plastic scintillators could provide this capability if efficient techniques for discrimination against gamma events were available. We describe two possible approaches to neutron/gamma discrimination; one based on digital pulse processing to differentiate pulse types and the other based on low density scintillators to lengthen the time interval between multiple interactions [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - digital pulse processing
KW  - gamma-ray detection
KW  - low density scintillators
KW  - neutron detection
KW  - neutron-gamma discrimination
KW  - plastic scintillators
KW  - signal processing
KW  - solid scintillation detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 52173407; Hansen, R. R. 1 Reeder, P. L. 1 Peurrung, A. J. 1 Stromswold, D. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352; Source Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p2024; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: digital pulse processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-ray detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: low density scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron-gamma discrimination; Author-Supplied Keyword: plastic scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: solid scintillation detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903840
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=52173407&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hong, W. S.
AU  - Cho, H. S.
AU  - Retiere, F.
AU  - Han, S.
AU  - Kadyk, J.
AU  - Perez-Mendez, V.
T1  - Performance of a gas avalanche pixel detector of 50 μm pitch.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2065
EP  - 2069
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We describe the performance of a square microdot (MDOT) detector of 50 μm pitch, in terms of defocusing effect and gas gain. Both the count rate variation measurement and the computer simulation showed that the defocusing effect disappeared in the 50 μm pitch MDOT. Initial charge buildup on the detector surface was also minimized when the small lateral dimension was combined with surface coating. The maximum gas gain was limited to ~1200 due to the small distance available for avalanche multiplication. We also developed a two-level microdot, namely closed-end gas electron multiplication (CEGEM) chamber. A CEGEM detector having a pitch of 200 μm, holes of 40 μm width and a spacer layer of 18.5 μm thickness showed a maximum gain of ~400. This gain is expected to increase by increasing the spacer layer thickness and adjusting the hole size [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - 50 mum
KW  - avalanche multiplication
KW  - closed-end gas electron multiplication chamber
KW  - computer simulation
KW  - count rate variation measurement
KW  - defocusing effect
KW  - gas avalanche pixel detector
KW  - gas gain
KW  - initial charge buildup
KW  - position sensitive particle detectors
KW  - proportional counters
KW  - square microdot detector
KW  - surface coating
KW  - two-level microdot
N1  - Accession Number: 52173415; Hong, W. S. 1 Cho, H. S. 2 Retiere, F. 3 Han, S. 4 Kadyk, J. 5 Perez-Mendez, V. 5; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  3: Subatech, France  4: Kyungbook University, Taegu, Korea  5: Physics Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p2065; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: 50 mum; Author-Supplied Keyword: avalanche multiplication; Author-Supplied Keyword: closed-end gas electron multiplication chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: count rate variation measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: defocusing effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas avalanche pixel detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: initial charge buildup; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: proportional counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: square microdot detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-level microdot; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903848
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=52173415&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pandey, S. U.
AU  - Bellwied, R.
AU  - Beuttenmueller, R.
AU  - Caines, H.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - DiMassimo, D.
AU  - Dyke, H.
AU  - Elliot, D.
AU  - Grau, M.
AU  - Hoffmann, G. W.
AU  - Humanic, T. J.
AU  - Jensen, P.
AU  - Kotov, I. V.
AU  - Kraner, H. W.
AU  - Kuczewski, P.
AU  - Leonhardt, W.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Liaw, C. J.
AU  - Lo Curto, G.
AU  - Lynn, D.
T1  - The 15 layer silicon drift detector tracker in Experiment 896.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2114
EP  - 2118
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Large linear silicon drift detectors have been developed and are in production for use in several experiments. Recently 15 detectors were used as a tracking device in BNL-AGS heavy ion experiment (E896). The detectors were successfully operated in a 6.2 T magnetic field. The behavior of the detectors, such as drift uniformity, resolution, and charge collection efficiency are presented. The effect of the environment on the detector performance is discussed. Some results from the experimental run are presented. The detectors performed well in an experimental environmental. This is the first tracking application of these detectors [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRIFT chambers
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - 6.2 T
KW  - BNL-AGS heavy ion experiment
KW  - charge collection efficiency
KW  - drift uniformity
KW  - Experiment 896
KW  - position sensitive particle detectors
KW  - resolution
KW  - Si
KW  - silicon drift detector tracker
KW  - silicon radiation detectors
KW  - tracking device
N1  - Accession Number: 52173424; Pandey, S. U. 1 Bellwied, R. 1 Beuttenmueller, R. 2 Caines, H. 3 Chen, W. 2 DiMassimo, D. 2 Dyke, H. Elliot, D. 2 Grau, M. 2 Hoffmann, G. W. 4 Humanic, T. J. 3 Jensen, P. 4 Kotov, I. V. 3,5 Kraner, H. W. 2 Kuczewski, P. 2 Leonhardt, W. 2 Li, Z. 2 Liaw, C. J. 2 Lo Curto, G. 3 Lynn, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  4: University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA  5: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia 142284; Source Info: Dec2000 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p2114; Subject Term: DRIFT chambers; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: 6.2 T; Author-Supplied Keyword: BNL-AGS heavy ion experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge collection efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: drift uniformity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experiment 896; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon drift detector tracker; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon radiation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: tracking device; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/23.903857
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Santoro, R. T.
T1  - Radiation Shielding for Fusion Reactors.
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
Y1  - 2000/12/02/2000 Supplement 1
VL  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 18
SN  - 00223131
AB  - Radiation shielding requirements for fusion reactors present different problems than those for fission reactors and accelerators. Fusion devices, particularly tokamak reactors, are complicated by geometry constraints that complicate disposition of fully effective shielding. This paper reviews some of these shielding issues and suggested solutions for optimizing the machine and biological shielding. Radiation transport calculations are essential for predicting and confirming the nuclear performance of the reactor and, as such, must be an essential part of the reactor design process. Development and optimization of reactor components from the first wall and primary shielding to the penetrations and containment shielding must be carried out in a sensible progression. Initial results from one-dimensional transport calculations are used for scoping studies and are followed by detailed two- and three-dimensional analyses to effectively characterize the overall radiation environment. These detail model calculations are essential for accounting for the radiation leakage through ports and other penetrations in the bulk shield. Careful analysis of component activation and radiation damage is cardinal for defining remote handling requirements, in-situ replacement of components, and personnel access at specific locations inside the reactor containment vessel. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - cross sections
KW  - dose
KW  - fusion reactor
KW  - nuclear heating
KW  - radiation damage
KW  - radiation transport
KW  - shielding
N1  - Accession Number: 121041255; Santoro, R. T. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National LaboratoryP. O. Box 2008, MS6363,Oak Ridge, TN37831-6363USATel. +1-865-574-6084, Fax. +1-865-574-9619E-mail: rts@ornl.gov; Issue Info: 2000 Supplement 1, Vol. 37, p11; Author-Supplied Keyword: cross sections; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: fusion reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: shielding; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00223131.2000.10874838
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mokhov, Nikolai
T1  - MARS Code Developments, Benchmarking and Applications.
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
Y1  - 2000/12/02/2000 Supplement 1
VL  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
EP  - 171
SN  - 00223131
AB  - Recent developments of the MARS Monte Carlo code system for simulation of hadronic and electromagnetic cascades in shielding, accelerator and detector components in the energy range from a fraction of an electronvolt up to 100 TeV are described. The physical model of hadron and lepton interactions with nuclei and atoms has undergone substantial improvements. These include a new nuclear cross section library, a model for soft pion production, a cascade-exciton model, a dual parton model, deuteron-nucleus and neutrino-nucleus interaction models, a detailed description of negative hadron and muon absorption, and a unified treatment of muon and charged hadron electromagnetic interactions with matter. New algorithms have been implemented into the code and benchmarked against experimental data. A new Graphical-User Interface has been developed. The code capabilities to simulate cascades and generate a variety of results in complex systems have been enhanced. The MARS system includes links to the MCNP code for neutron and photon transport below 20 MeV, to the ANSYS code for thermal and stress analyses and to the STRUCT code for multi-turn particle tracking in large synchrotrons and collider rings. Results of recent benchmarking of the MARS code are presented. Examples of non-trivial code applications are given for the Fermilab Booster and Main Injector, for a 1.5 MW target station and a muon storage ring. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - accelerators
KW  - cascade-exciton model
KW  - electromagnetic cascades
KW  - graphical-user interface
KW  - hadronic cascades
KW  - Monte-Carlo calculations
KW  - muon storage ring
KW  - muons
KW  - neutrino-nucleus interactions
KW  - shielding
KW  - targets
N1  - Accession Number: 121041285; Mokhov, Nikolai 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator LaboratoryMS 220, P.O. Box 500, Batavia,IL60510, USATel. +1-630-840-4409, Fax. +1-630-840-6039, E-mail:mokhov@fnal.gov; Issue Info: 2000 Supplement 1, Vol. 37, p167; Author-Supplied Keyword: accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: cascade-exciton model; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic cascades; Author-Supplied Keyword: graphical-user interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: hadronic cascades; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte-Carlo calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: muon storage ring; Author-Supplied Keyword: muons; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrino-nucleus interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: shielding; Author-Supplied Keyword: targets; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00223131.2000.10874868
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Job, P K
AU  - Pisharody, M
AU  - Semones, E
T1  - Absorbed Dose from 7-GeV Bremsstrahlung in a PMMA Phantom.
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
Y1  - 2000/12/02/2000 Supplement 1
VL  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
EP  - 225
SN  - 00223131
AB  - Electron storage rings generate energetic bremsstrahlung photons through radiative interaction of the particle beam with the residual gas molecules and other components inside the storage ring. At the Advanced Photon Source (APS), where the stored beam energy is 7 GeV, bremsstrahlung generated in the straight sections of the insertion devices comes down through the beamlines. The resulting absorbed dose distributions by this radiation in a 300 mm × 300 mm × 300 mm tissue substitute phantom were measured with LiF:Mg, Ti (TLD-700) thermoluminescent dosimeters. The average normalized absorbed dose, in a cross sectional area of 100 mm2at a depth of 150 mm of the PMMA phantom, was measured as 3.3 × 106mGy h−1W−1for a 7-GeV bremsstrahlung spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorbed dose
KW  - Bremsstrahlung
KW  - PMMA Phantom
N1  - Accession Number: 121041296; Job, P K 1; Pisharody, M 1; Semones, E 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Experimental Facilities Division, Advanced Photon SourceArgonneIL60439, USA; Issue Info: 2000 Supplement 1, Vol. 37, p222; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorbed dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bremsstrahlung; Author-Supplied Keyword: PMMA Phantom; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00223131.2000.10874879
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iida, Hiromasa
AU  - Valenza, Davide
AU  - Plenteda, Romano
AU  - Santoro, R. T.
AU  - Dietz, Jürgen
T1  - Radiation Shielding for ITER to Allow for Hands-on Maintenance inside the Cryostat (Methodology for Estimating Shutdown Dose Rate in a Complex Geometry).
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
Y1  - 2000/12/02/2000 Supplement 1
VL  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 242
SN  - 00223131
AB  - In the shielding design of the ITER machine, which is a tokamak fusion experimental reactor and has a very complex geometry, it is important to have a reliable estimation of the dose rate levels after reactor shutdown for realising hands-on maintenance around the torus. The ITER project position is that dose rates inside the cryostat be kept low enough to allow for human access shortly after shutdown for limited periods to provide rescue and/or maintenance activities. The methodology of estimation for dose rates after shutdown in such a complex geometry machine is discussed. The Monte Carlo method is preferable to conduct neutron transport calculations in the ITER geometry. The Conversion Factor method, which was used for dose rate estimation in the 1998 ITER shielding design, is described with an example of dose rate estimation around penetrations in the vacuum vessel. A Full Monte Carlo method is proposed showing the possibility of eliminating uncertainty accompanied with conversion factors from neutron flux or isotope production rate to dose rate after shutdown. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Conversion Factor Method
KW  - Decay Gamma-ray Transport
KW  - Dose Rate
KW  - Full Monte Carlo Method
KW  - Hands-on Maintenance
KW  - ITER
N1  - Accession Number: 121041299; Iida, Hiromasa 1; Valenza, Davide 1; Plenteda, Romano 1; Santoro, R. T. 2; Dietz, Jürgen 1; Affiliations: 1: ITER Joint Central Team ITER Joint Work Site, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstrasse 2, D-85748 Garching bei muenchen, Germany; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computational Physics and Engineering MS 6363 Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831-6363, USA; Issue Info: 2000 Supplement 1, Vol. 37, p235; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conversion Factor Method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decay Gamma-ray Transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dose Rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Full Monte Carlo Method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hands-on Maintenance; Author-Supplied Keyword: ITER; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00223131.2000.10874882
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vreeland, V.J.
AU  - Ly, L.S.
AU  - Riebe, J. L.
AU  - Sabatier, C.
AU  - McCoy, S.
T1  - FUCUS VANADIUM PEROXIDASE: MINIMUM CATALYTIC DOMAIN SIZE RETAINING PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY.
JO  - Journal of Phycology
JF  - Journal of Phycology
Y1  - 2000/12/02/Dec2000 Supplement 1
VL  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223646
AB  - Vanadium peroxidase catalyzes the extracellular assembly of Fucus zygote cell surface adhesive (Vreeland & Epstein 1996, Modern Meth. Plant Anal. 17, 95–116). Our goal is to identify the catalytic, self-associating and wall targeting functional domains of algal vanadium peroxidase to understand its role in algal propagule adhesion. As a first step, we truncated our recombinant Fucus vanadium peroxidase (GenBank AF053411) for catalytic domain identification. Recombinant constructs were prepared which reduced the C-terminal catalytic domain at either or both N- and C-terminal ends. Recombinant proteins were expressed in E. coli, refolded from cytoplasm and inclusion bodies and tested for vanadium-specific o-dianisidine peroxidase activity. Preliminary results demonstrated peroxidase activity when the 40 kDa catalytic domain was truncated on both ends to 24 kDa. Further terminal and internal truncation is needed to fully define the minimal catalytic unit, which could be as small as 15–20 kDa within the 73 kDa monomer. The very small catalytic unit in Fucus vanadium peroxidase is not unexpected considering the rigid bundled helical vanadate frame in the Curvularia fungal vanadium peroxidase (Macedo-Ribeiro et al. 1999, J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. 4, 209–219). We conclude that interactions between the N-terminal noncatalytic domain and the C-terminal catalytic domain, found in the crystalline Ascophyllum enzyme (Weyland et al. 1999, J. Mol. Biol. 293, 595–611), are unnecessary for peroxidase activity. Other conserved amino acids in the C-terminal half of Fucus vanadium peroxidase, peripheral to the helical core, could participate in protein surface functions such self-association and wall targeting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phycology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fucus
KW  - Peroxidase
N1  - Accession Number: 11234472; Vreeland, V.J. 1; Ly, L.S. 1; Riebe, J. L. 1; Sabatier, C. 1; McCoy, S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 66, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Issue Info: Dec2000 Supplement 1, Vol. 36, p69; Subject Term: Fucus; Subject Term: Peroxidase; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1529-8817.1999.00001-206.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, M. A.
AU  - Wingate, B. A.
AU  - Vincent, R. E.
T1  - AN ALGORITHM FOR COMPUTING FEKETE POINTS IN THE TRIANGLE.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 2000/12/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1707
EP  - 1720
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - On the line and its tensor products, Fekete points are known to be the Gauss­Lobatto quadrature points. But unlike high-order quadrature, Fekete points generalize to non-tensor-product domains such as the triangle. Thus Fekete points might serve as an alternative to the Gauss­Lobatto points for certain applications. In this work we present a new algorithm to compute Fekete points and give results up to degree 19 for the triangle. For degree d > 10 these points have the smallest Lebesgue constant currently known. The computations validate a conjecture of Bos [J. Approx. Theory, 64 (1991), pp. 271–280] that Fekete points along the boundary of the triangle are the one-dimensional Gauss­Lobatto points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TENSOR products
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
KW  - TENSOR algebra
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PREDICTION (Logic)
KW  - TRIANGLES
KW  - fekete points
KW  - lebesgue constant
KW  - multivariate approximation
KW  - triangle
N1  - Accession Number: 13216772; Taylor, M. A. 1; Email Address: mt@lanl.gov Wingate, B. A. 2; Email Address: wingate@lanl.gov Vincent, R. E. 3,4; Email Address: rvincen@rice.edu; Affiliation:  1: MS D413, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  2: MS B256, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  3: Significant Opportunities, Atmospheric Research and Science, National Center, Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307  4: Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Rice University, Houston, TX; Source Info: 2000, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p1707; Subject Term: TENSOR products; Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Subject Term: TENSOR algebra; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PREDICTION (Logic); Subject Term: TRIANGLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: fekete points; Author-Supplied Keyword: lebesgue constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: multivariate approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: triangle; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewtas, Joellen
AU  - Pang, Yanbo
AU  - Booth, Derrick
AU  - Reimer, Steve
AU  - Eatough, Delbert J.
AU  - Gundel, Lara A.
T1  - Comparison of Sampling Methods for Semi-Volatile Organic Carbon Associated with PM[sub 2.5].
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 22
SN  - 02786826
AB  - This study evaluates the influence of denuder sampling methods and filter collection media on the measurement of semi-volatile organic carbon (SVOC) associated with PM[sub 2.5]. Two types of collection media, charcoal (activated carbon) and XAD, were used both in diffusion denuders and impregnated back-up filters in two different samplers, the VAPS and the PC-BOSS. The two organic diffusion denuders were XAD-coated glass annular denuders and charcoal-impregnated cellulose fiber filter (CIF) denuders. In addition, recently developed XAD-impregnated quartz filters were compared to CIF filters as back-up filter collection media. The two denuder types resulted in equivalent measurement of particulate organic carbon and particle mass. The major difference observed between the XAD and charcoal BOSS denuders is the higher efficiency of charcoal for collection of more volatile carbon. This more volatile carbon does not contribute substantially to the particle mass or SVOC measured as OC on quartz filters downstream of the denuders. This volatile carbon does result in high OC concentrations observed in charcoal filters placed behind quartz filters downstream of the XAD denuders and would result in overestimating the SVOC in that configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL denudation
KW  - FILTERS & filtration
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - VOLATILE organic compounds
KW  - MEASUREMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 4424168; Lewtas, Joellen 1 Pang, Yanbo 2 Booth, Derrick 1 Reimer, Steve 1 Eatough, Delbert J. 2 Gundel, Lara A. 3; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory & Region 10, Office of Environmental Assessment, Seattle, Washington  2: Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah  3: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Jan2001, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL denudation; Subject Term: FILTERS & filtration; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: VOLATILE organic compounds; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/027868201300081905
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Anwu
AU  - Wang, Changsui
AU  - Chi, Jinqi
AU  - Li, Mingchuan
AU  - Zhang, Maosen
AU  - Holmes, L
AU  - Harbottle, G
AU  - Koshimizu, S
AU  - Manabu, K
AU  - Koichi, K
T1  - Preliminary Provenance Research on Chinese Neolithic Pottery: Huating (Xinyi County) and Three Yellow River Valley Sites.
JO  - Archaeometry
JF  - Archaeometry
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 47
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0003813X
AB  - Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied to sherds from the important site of Huating and, for comparison, several Neolithic sites in the valley of the Yellow River. We hoped to compare the compositions of two stylistically different ceramics found at Huating, and to evaluate the degree of compositional clustering and inter-site resolution that could be expected in an area that is noted for its extensive, and possibly very homogeneous, loess deposits. In addition, pottery sherds from Huating have been examined by microscopic petrography. All of these results will provide needed input in the planning of research towards the formation of a Neolithic/Shang Dynasty ceramic database for future use in archaeological research in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archaeometry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTTERY
KW  - NEOLITHIC period
KW  - YELLOW River (China)
KW  - CHINA
KW  - China
KW  - Chinese pottery
KW  - Dawenkou Culture
KW  - INAA
KW  - Liangzhu Culture
KW  - multivariate statistical analysis
KW  - Neolithic sites
KW  - petrography
N1  - Accession Number: 10445473; Xu, Anwu 1 Wang, Changsui 1 Chi, Jinqi 1 Li, Mingchuan 1 Zhang, Maosen 1 Holmes, L 2 Harbottle, G 2 Koshimizu, S 3 Manabu, K 3 Koichi, K 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Science and Technology of China, China,  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA,  3: Yamanashi Institute of Environmental Sciences, Japan; Source Info: Jan2001, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: POTTERY; Subject Term: NEOLITHIC period; Subject Term: YELLOW River (China); Subject Term: CHINA; Author-Supplied Keyword: China; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chinese pottery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dawenkou Culture; Author-Supplied Keyword: INAA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liangzhu Culture; Author-Supplied Keyword: multivariate statistical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neolithic sites; Author-Supplied Keyword: petrography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 442298 All other home furnishings stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414310 China, glassware, crockery and pottery merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1475-4754.00003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, S. Marshall
AU  - Giesy, John P.
AU  - Tremblay, Louis A.
AU  - Eason, Charles T.
T1  - The use of biomarkers in ecological risk assessment: recommendations from the Christchurch conference on Biomarkers in Ecotoxicology.
JO  - Biomarkers
JF  - Biomarkers
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1354750X
AB  - Discusses the suggested uses of biomarkers in ecological risk assessment by the participants in a conference on biomarkers in ecotoxicology organized by the Centre for Environmental Toxicology in New Zeland.  Characterization of the biomarkers; Identification of emerging concepts for practical uses for environmental bioassessment.
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - BIOINDICATORS
KW  - BIOMARKERS
KW  - Risk management
N1  - Accession Number: 4009329; Adams, S. Marshall 1 Giesy, John P. 2 Tremblay, Louis A. 3 Eason, Charles T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA  2: Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory,Department of Zoology, Institute of Environmental Toxicology,National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA  3: CENTOX (Centre for Environmental Toxicology), Landcare Research, PO Box 69, Lincoln, New Zealand; Source Info: Jan2001, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Author-Supplied Keyword: BIOINDICATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: BIOMARKERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk management; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/135475001452724
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, S. Marshall
T1  - Biomarker/bioindicator response profiles of organisms can help differentiate between sources of anthropogenic stressors in aquatic ecosystems.
JO  - Biomarkers
JF  - Biomarkers
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 44
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1354750X
AB  - Aquatic ecosystems can be chronically stressed by multiple environmental factors which originate from a variety of point and non-point sources. In addition, these stressors may vary both spatially and temporally, and, combined with synergestic and cumulative interactions of these stressors, complicate the interpretation and evaluation of stress responses in organisms. To help identify and differentiate between sources of anthropogenic stressors in aquatic systems, a diagnostic approach based on exposure-response profiles in sentinel organisms was developed from the known effects of various anthropogenic activities on biological systems. To generate these exposure-effects profiles, biomarkers of exposure were plotted against bioindicators of corresponding effects for several major anthropogenic activities including petrochemical, pulp and paper, domestic sewage, mining operations, land-development, and agricultural activities. Biomarkers of exposure to environmental stressors varied widely depending on the type of anthropogenic activity involved. Bioindicator effects, however, including histopathological lesions, bioenergetic status, growth, reproductive impairment, and community-level endpoints were similar among several of the major anthropogenic activities because responses at these higher levels are less specific to stressors than are biomarkers. This approach appears useful for helping to identify and diagnose sources of stress in environments impacted by multiple stressors. By identifying the types and sources of environmental stressors impacting key components of biological systems, aquatic ecosystems can be more effectively protected, regulated, and managed to help improve and maintain environmental quality and ecosystem fitness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biomarkers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - AQUATIC ecology
KW  - BIOINDICATORS
KW  - BIOMARKERS
KW  - diagnostic approach
KW  - Multiple stressors
N1  - Accession Number: 4009321; Adams, S. Marshall 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA†; Source Info: Jan2001, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Subject Term: AQUATIC ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: BIOINDICATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: BIOMARKERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: diagnostic approach; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple stressors; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/135475001452779
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cristobal, Susana
AU  - Zemla, Adam
AU  - Fischer, Daniel
AU  - Rychlewski, Leszek
AU  - Elofsson, Arne
T1  - A study of quality measures for protein threading models.
JO  - BMC Bioinformatics
JF  - BMC Bioinformatics
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 15
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712105
AB  - Background: Prediction of protein structures is one of the fundamental challenges in biology today. To fully understand how well different prediction methods perform, it is necessary to use measures that evaluate their performance. Every two years, starting in 1994, the CASP (Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction) process has been organized to evaluate the ability of different predictors to blindly predict the structure of proteins. To capture different features of the models, several measures have been developed during the CASP processes. However, these measures have not been examined in detail before. In an attempt to develop fully automatic measures that can be used in CASP, as well as in other type of benchmarking experiments, we have compared twenty-one measures. These measures include the measures used in CASP3 and CASP2 as well as have measures introduced later. We have studied their ability to distinguish between the better and worse models submitted to CASP3 and the correlation between them. Results: Using a small set of 1340 models for 23 different targets we show that most methods correlate with each other. Most pairs of measures show a correlation coefficient of about 0.5. The correlation is slightly higher for measures of similar types. We found that a significant problem when developing automatic measures is how to deal with proteins of different length. Also the comparisons between different measures is complicated as many measures are dependent on the size of the target. We show that the manual assessment can be reproduced to about 70% using automatic measures. Alignment independent measures, detects slightly more of the models with the correct fold, while alignment dependent measures agree better when selecting the best models for each target. Finally we show that using automatic measures would, to a large extent, reproduce the assessors ranking of the predictors at CASP3. Conclusions: We show that given a sufficient number of targets the manual and automatic measures would have given almost identical results at CASP3. If the intent is to reproduce the type of scoring done by the manual assessor in in CASP3, the best approach might be to use a combination of alignment independent and alignment dependent measures, as used in several recent studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Bioinformatics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVALUATION
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - POLYPEPTIDES
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 28833918; Cristobal, Susana 1; Email Address: susana.cristobal@icm.uu.se Zemla, Adam 2; Email Address: adamz@llnl.gov Fischer, Daniel 3; Email Address: d_scher@cs.bgu.ac.il Rychlewski, Leszek 4; Email Address: leszek@bioinfo.pl Elofsson, Arne 5; Email Address: arne@sbc.su.se; Affiliation:  1: Cell and Molecular Biology Department, Box 596. BMC Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550-9234 USA  3: Department Bioinformatics/Computer Science, Ben Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84015, Israel  4: International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland  5: Stockholm Bioinformatics Center, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 2, p5; Subject Term: EVALUATION; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: POLYPEPTIDES; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savio, Eduardo
AU  - Gaudiano, Javier
AU  - Robles, Ana M.
AU  - Balter, Henia
AU  - Paolino, Andrea
AU  - López, Andrea
AU  - Hermida, Juan C.
AU  - De Marco, Eugenia
AU  - Martinez, Graciela
AU  - Osinaga, Eduardo
AU  - Knapp Jr, Furn F.
T1  - Re-HEDP : pharmacokinetic characterization, clinical and dosimetric evaluation in osseous metastatic patients with two levels of radiopharmaceutical dose.
JO  - BMC Nuclear Medicine
JF  - BMC Nuclear Medicine
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 2
EP  - 9
SN  - 14712385
AB  - Background: A study for pain relief therapy with 188Re-HEDP was done in patients with bone metastases secondary to breast and prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Patients received 1.3 or 2.2 GBq, in single or multiple doses. Platelets, white and red cells were evaluated during 11 weeks. Pharmacokinetic characterization was done from blood and urine samples for 5 patients along 24 hours. Urinary excretion was evaluated in other 16 patients during 6 hours. Bone uptake was estimated as remaining activity in whole body. Scintigraphic images were acquired at 2 and 24 hs post-administration. Absorbed dose in bone marrow was estimated with Mirdose3. Analgesics intake and pain score were daily recorded. Tumour markers (PSA, and Tn-structure) were monitored in 9 patients during 4 to 6 months. Single doses of low activity (1.3 GBq) were given to twelve patients. Nine patients received multiple doses. Results: All except one patient had normal levels of platelets, white and red cells. Remaining dose in blood at 2 hours was 9%. Urinary elimination was 58%. Bone uptake at 24 hours was 43% (mean value; n = 5). No changes of the haematological parameters were detected along follow-up period. Pain relief was evidenced by decrease or supression of opioid analgesic and by subjective index. PSA showed a decrease in prostate cancer patients (n = 4). Tn-structure showed a significant increase after 4 to 8 months. Conclusion: Single or multiple dose scheme could be safely used, with administered activity of 188Re-HEDP up to 60 mCi, with low bone marrow absorbed doses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Nuclear Medicine is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANALGESIA
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - BONE metastasis
KW  - CANCER patients
KW  - BONE marrow
KW  - BLOOD platelets
N1  - Accession Number: 29437643; Savio, Eduardo 1; Email Address: esavio@bilbo.edu.uy Gaudiano, Javier 2; Email Address: gaudiano@hc.edu.uy Robles, Ana M. 3; Email Address: anamar@cin1.cin.edu.uy Balter, Henia 3; Email Address: jbalter@cin.edu.uy Paolino, Andrea 1; Email Address: apaolino@hotmail.com López, Andrea 3; Email Address: alharksen@hotmail.com Hermida, Juan C. 2; Email Address: juchermi@adinet.com.uy De Marco, Eugenia 2; Email Address: radguim@bilbo.edu.uy Martinez, Graciela 2; Email Address: radguim@bilbo.edu.uy Osinaga, Eduardo 4; Email Address: eosinaga@lobbm.fmed.edu.uy Knapp Jr, Furn F. 5; Email Address: jkp@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Cátedra de Radioquímica, Facultad de Química, Uruguay  2: Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Uruguay  3: Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Uruguay  4: Laboratorio de Oncologia Básica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Group, USA; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 1, p2; Subject Term: ANALGESIA; Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Subject Term: BONE metastasis; Subject Term: CANCER patients; Subject Term: BONE marrow; Subject Term: BLOOD platelets; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soriano, Cecilia
AU  - Baldasano, José M.
AU  - Buttler, William T.
AU  - Moore, Kurt R.
T1  - Circulatory Patterns of Air Pollutants within the Barcelona Air Basin in a Summertime situation: Lidar and Numerical Approaches.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 98
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 55
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - This work examines circulatory patterns of air pollutants in the area of Barcelona (Spain), a region with strong coastal and orographic influences. This was achieved through exploitation of elastic-backscatter lidar data and by numerical simulation of the atmosphere with a meteorological mesoscale model (MEMO). Lidar data were acquired in July 1992 during a collaborative campaign between Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and the Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC). The lidar provided information about the distribution of aerosols and the prevailing winds, determined by application of a maximum cross-correlation algorithm to elastic-backscatter lidar data. Lidar winds are used to evaluate high altitude winds simulated by the model. This study showed that circulatory patterns in Barcelona are correlated with daytime convective vertical mixing, sea-breeze circulations, and vertical forcing caused by mountain thermal and mechanical effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Orographic clouds
KW  - Barcelona (Spain)
KW  - Spain
KW  - Elastic-backscatter lidar
KW  - Lidar
KW  - Mesoscale meteorology
KW  - Numerical modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 15606454; Soriano, Cecilia 1; Baldasano, José M. 1; Buttler, William T. 2; Moore, Kurt R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory of Environmental Modeling DPE-ETSEIB, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Diagonal 647,10.24. 08028 Barcelona, Spain; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Physics Division (P-22),MS H803, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL),Non-Proliferation and International Securities-1 (NIS-1),MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jan2001, Vol. 98 Issue 1, p33; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Orographic clouds; Subject: Barcelona (Spain); Subject: Spain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic-backscatter lidar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lidar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoscale meteorology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timmermans, Eddy
T1  - Superfluids and superfluid mixtures in atom traps.
JO  - Contemporary Physics
JF  - Contemporary Physics
Y1  - 2001/01//Jan/Feb2001
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 24
SN  - 00107514
AB  - Superfluidity has become a topic of active interest in the field of atom trap Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). We motivate this line of research by placing the BEC developments against the general backdrop of the theory of superfluidity and by highlighting the advantages offered by the atom trap technology. We review the standard description of the BEC dynamics, as well as basic concepts of superfluidity and we present theoretical arguments for expecting the BECs to exhibit superfluid behaviour. In atom traps, as in condensed and nuclear matter, superfluidity can manifest itself in a manifold of guises. Moreover, some of its manifestations can even be undesirable, as we illustrate by the poignant example of sympathetic cooling with condensates. We also review recent experimental evidence for superfluid BEC behaviour and we suggest further experiments to probe superfluidity in atom traps. The low densities of the BECs allow optical imaging and imply that the relevant physics occurs on time and length scales that are much slower and larger than in the traditional [sup 4]He superfluid. Consequently, BEC experiments can study known superfluid phenomena and structures in a different and, perhaps, more detailed manner. In addition, the flexibility offered by existing techniques in atomic, molecular and optical physics is unprecedented in the field of low-temperature physics and suggests the prospect of creating superfluids of fundamentally novel structures. Finally, it is conceivable that new applications of superfluidity may arise from these studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Contemporary Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 4197077; Timmermans, Eddy 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mailstop B-268, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan/Feb2001, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: ATOMS; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00107510010007530
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - STEWART, ARTHUR J.
T1  - A Simple Stream Monitoring Technique Based on Measurements of Semiconservative Propertiesof Water.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 46
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Correlative relationships exist among conductivity, alkalinity, and hardness in streams due to natural geological and climatological controls, but the relationships among these three water-quality factors can be altered strongly by inputs of ion-rich wastewaters. The degree of alteration can be monitored conveniently by use of a simple chemical perturbation index, computed by subtracting the sum of rank pairwise correlations among the conductivity, alkalinity, and hardness (for observations on each of these variables, measured through time) from 3.0. The chemical perturbation index can be used to document or characterize spatiotemporal changes in stream water quality. This study explains the development of the index's concept and provides examples of its application in an extensive stream monitoring program used to assess ecological conditions in streams on the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation in east Tennessee, USA. The chemical perturbation index technique may be particularly useful in community-based stream monitoring programs because to its simplicity and low cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Water quality management
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - Alkalinity
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - Stream water-quality monitoring
KW  - Stream water-quality monitoring; Urban streams; Conductivity; Alkalinity; Hardness
KW  - Urban streams
N1  - Accession Number: 15311089; STEWART, ARTHUR J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA; Issue Info: Jan2001, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p37; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Rivers; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Water quality management; Subject: Tennessee; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkalinity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stream water-quality monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stream water-quality monitoring; Urban streams; Conductivity; Alkalinity; Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urban streams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002670010132
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Ken B.
T1  - The nature and fate of natural resins in the geosphere Part XI. Ruthenium tetroxide oxidation of a mature Class Ib amber polymer.
JO  - Geochemical Transactions
JF  - Geochemical Transactions
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 14674866
AB  - The results of ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4) oxidation of a mature Class Ib amber polymer are reported and discussed. These data indicate that the residual double bond present in mature Class I ambers is not located in the A/B ring structure of these materials and that C17 of the original labdanoid precursors is retained in mature Class I ambers as a methyl group. These data also suggest that the reaction which results in formation of the residual unsaturated structure in mature ambers also results in a second covalent connection between the A/B ring system and the polymer backbone, probably through C8 of the original labdanoid structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geochemical Transactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMBER
KW  - RUTHENIUM compounds
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - GUMS & resins
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 30743714; Anderson, Ken B. 1; Email Address: kbanderson@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 2, p21; Subject Term: AMBER; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM compounds; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: GUMS & resins; Subject Term: POLYMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1039/b102650j
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alam, Todd M.
AU  - Alam, M. Kathleen
T1  - Chemometric Analysis of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Data.
JO  - Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 27
PB  - Advanstar Communications Inc.
SN  - 08876703
AB  - Discusses the use of chemometrics as applied to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.  Ways to create a multivariate data set from NMR data; Discussion on self-modeling and three-way modeling analysis techniques; Experimental problems encountered during the process.
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 6595317; Alam, Todd M. 1; Email Address: mkalam@sandia.gov Alam, M. Kathleen 1; Email Address: tmalam@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Principal member of the technical staff, Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Jan2001, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4332
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lingohr, Melissa K.
AU  - Thrall, Brian D.
AU  - Bull, Richard J.
T1  - Effects of Dichloroacetate (DCA) on Serum Insulin Levels and Insulin-Controlled Signaling Proteins in Livers of Male B6C3F1 Mice.
JO  - Toxicological Sciences
JF  - Toxicological Sciences
Y1  - 2001/01//
VL  - 59
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 184
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10966080
AB  - DCA is hepatocarcinogenic in rodents. At carcinogenic doses, DCA causes a large accumulation of liver glycogen. Thus, we studied the effects of DCA treatment on insulin levels and expression of insulin-controlled signaling proteins in the liver. DCA treatment (0.2–2.0 g/l in drinking water for 2 weeks) reduced serum insulin levels. The decrease persisted for at least 8 weeks. In livers of mice treated with DCA for 2-, 10-, and 52-week periods, insulin receptor (IR) protein levels were significantly depressed. Additionally, protein kinase B (PKBα) expression decreased significantly with DCA treatment. In normal liver, glycogen levels were increased as early as at 1 week, and this effect preceded changes in insulin and IR and PKBα. In contrast to normal liver, IR protein was elevated in DCA-induced liver tumors relative to that in liver tissue of untreated animals and to an even greater extent when compared to adjacent normal liver in the treated animal. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) phosphorylation was also increased in tumor tissue relative to normal liver tissue and tissue from untreated controls. These data suggest that normal hepatocytes down-regulate insulin-signaling proteins in response to the accumulation of liver glycogen caused by DCA. Futhermore, these results suggest that the initiated cell population, which does not accumulate glycogen and is promoted by DCA treatment, responds differently from normal hepatocytes to the insulin-like effects of this chemical. The differential sensitivity of the 2 cell populations may contribute to the tumorigenic effects of DCA in the liver. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicological Sciences is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Rodents as laboratory animals
KW  - Glycogen
KW  - Insulin
KW  - Mitogen-activated protein kinases
KW  - dichloroacetate
KW  - glycogen
KW  - hepatocarcinogen
KW  - insulin
KW  - insulin receptor PKB
KW  - signaling
N1  - Accession Number: 44406071; Lingohr, Melissa K. 1,2; Thrall, Brian D. 1,2; Bull, Richard J. 1,2; Email Address: rjrdbull2@bossig.com; Affiliations: 1: Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6510; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Issue Info: Jan2001, Vol. 59 Issue 1, p178; Thesaurus Term: Carcinogens; Thesaurus Term: Carcinogenesis; Subject Term: Rodents as laboratory animals; Subject Term: Glycogen; Subject Term: Insulin; Subject Term: Mitogen-activated protein kinases; Author-Supplied Keyword: dichloroacetate; Author-Supplied Keyword: glycogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: hepatocarcinogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: insulin; Author-Supplied Keyword: insulin receptor PKB; Author-Supplied Keyword: signaling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anselmino, M.
AU  - Boer, D.
AU  - D'Alesio, U.
AU  - Murgia, F.
T1  - Lambda polarization in unpolarized hadron reactions.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2001/01/02/Jan2001 Supplement
VL  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - A107
EP  - A113
SN  - 00114626
AB  - The transverse polarization observed in the inclusive production of Λ hyperons in the high energy collisions of unpolarized hadrons is tackled by considering a new set of spin and k ⊥ dependent quark fragmentation functions. Simple phenomenological expressions for these new “ polarizing fragmentation functions” are obtained by a fit of the data on Λ's and $$\bar \Lambda $$ 's produced in p−N processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50887181; Anselmino, M. 1 Boer, D. 2 D'Alesio, U. 3 Murgia, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica Teorica , Università di Torino and INFN, Sezione di Torino , Via P. Giuria 1 I-10125 Torino Italy  2: RIKEN-BNL Research Center , Brookhaven National Laboratory , 11973 Upton USA  3: Dipartimento di Fisica , Università di Cagliari and INFN, Sezione di Cagliari , I-09042 Monserrato (CA) Italy; Source Info: Jan2001 Supplement, Vol. 51, pA107; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-001-0012-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Postma, H.
AU  - Bowman, J.
AU  - Corvi, F.
AU  - Crawford, B.
AU  - Delheij, P.
AU  - Frankle, C.
AU  - Grossmann, C.
AU  - Gunsing, F.
AU  - Haseyama, T.
AU  - Knudson, J.
AU  - Lowie, L.
AU  - Masaike, A.
AU  - Matsuda, Y.
AU  - Mitchell, G.
AU  - Penttila, S.
AU  - Roberson, N.
AU  - Seestrom, S.
AU  - Sharapov, E.
AU  - Smith, D.
AU  - Stephenson, S.
T1  - Parity violation at neutron resonances and related neutron spectroscopy experiments.
JO  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
JF  - Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2001/01/02/Jan2001 Supplement
VL  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - A289
EP  - A298
SN  - 00114626
AB  - This paper gives a brief overview of parity violation effects at neutron p-wave resonances observed by the TRIPLE collaboration at Los Alamos together with some information about neutron resonance capture gamma spectroscopy experiments carried out by the Geel collaboration in relation to these parity violation experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Czechoslovak Journal of Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 50887207; Postma, H. 1 Bowman, J. 2 Corvi, F. 3 Crawford, B. Delheij, P. 4 Frankle, C. 2 Grossmann, C. Gunsing, F. 3 Haseyama, T. 5 Knudson, J. 2 Lowie, L. Masaike, A. 5 Matsuda, Y. 5 Mitchell, G. Penttila, S. 2 Roberson, N. Seestrom, S. 2 Sharapov, E. 6 Smith, D. 2 Stephenson, S.; Affiliation:  1: IRI , Delft University of Technology , 2629 JB Delft the Netherlands  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory , 87545 Los Alamos USA  3: IRMM , Joint Research Centre , Geel Belgium  4: TRIUMF , V6T 2A3 Vancouver Canada  5: Physics Department , Kyoto University , 606-01 Kyoto Japan  6: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research , 141980 Dubna Russia; Source Info: Jan2001 Supplement, Vol. 51, pA289; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10582-001-0036-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hunt, A. G.
T1  - Application of Percolation theory to porous media with distributed local conductances.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2001/02//Feb/Mar2001
VL  - 24
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 307
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Focuses on applications of percolation theory to porous media with distributed local conductances. Methods to predict electrical conductivity in strongly heterogeneous solids; Issues in which progress of percolation theory has been slow.
KW  - Soil percolation
KW  - Hydrostatics
KW  - Soil absorption & adsorption
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Percolation
KW  - Porous materials
N1  - Accession Number: 12033867; Hunt, A. G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Atmospheric Science and Global Change Resources, Richland, WA 99352, USA.; Issue Info: Feb/Mar2001, Vol. 24 Issue 3/4, p279; Thesaurus Term: Soil percolation; Thesaurus Term: Hydrostatics; Thesaurus Term: Soil absorption & adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Porosity; Subject Term: Percolation; Subject Term: Porous materials; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/s0309-1708(00)00058-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raoyang Zhang, Y. C.
AU  - Xiaoyi He, Y. C.
AU  - Gary Doolen, Y. C.
AU  - Shiyi Chen
T1  - Surface tension effects on two-dimensional two-phase Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilties.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2001/02//Feb/Mar2001
VL  - 24
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
EP  - 478
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Evaluates surface tension effects on two-dimensional two-phase Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilties. Discussion of mechanisms of various types of interface pinch-off; Features of the kinetic energy of the flow of different layers; Properties of the flow enstrophy with respect to the surface tension.
KW  - Surface tension
KW  - Liquids
KW  - Force & energy
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Capillarity
KW  - Interfaces (Physical sciences)
N1  - Accession Number: 12033876; Raoyang Zhang, Y. C. 1; Xiaoyi He, Y. C. 1; Gary Doolen, Y. C. 1; Shiyi Chen 1; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Issue Info: Feb/Mar2001, Vol. 24 Issue 3/4, p461; Thesaurus Term: Surface tension; Thesaurus Term: Liquids; Thesaurus Term: Force & energy; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Subject Term: Capillarity; Subject Term: Interfaces (Physical sciences); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(00)00067-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conwell Jr, John L.
AU  - Creek, Kathryn L.
AU  - Pozzi, A. Rene
AU  - Whyte, Helena M.
T1  - Development of a Paperless, Y2K Compliant Exposure Tracking Database at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
JO  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
EP  - 277
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1047322X
AB  - The Industrial Hygiene and Safety Group at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) developed a database application known as IH DataView, which manages industrial hygiene monitoring data. IH DataView replaces a LANL legacy system, IHSD, that restricted user access to a single point of data entry needed enhancements that support new operational requirements, and was not Year 2000 (Y2K) compliant. IH DataView features a comprehensive suite of data collection and tracking capabilities. Through the use of Oracle database management and application development tools, the system is Y2K compliant and Web enabled for easy deployment and user access via the Internet. System accessibility is particularly important because LANL operations are spread over 43 square miles, and industrial hygienists (IHs) located across the laboratory will use the system. IH DataView shows promise of being useful in the future because it eliminates these problems. It has a flexible architecture and sophisticated capability to collect, track, and analyze data in easy-to-use form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Databases
KW  - Industrial hygienists
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - United States
KW  - MONITORING
KW  - ORACLE
N1  - Accession Number: 4230166; Conwell Jr, John L. 1; Creek, Kathryn L. 2; Pozzi, A. Rene 2; Whyte, Helena M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Commodore Advanced Sciences, Inc. (under contract to Los Alamos National Laboratory), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico (deceased); 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p271; Subject Term: Databases; Subject Term: Industrial hygienists; Subject: New Mexico; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: MONITORING; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORACLE; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/104732201460442
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Träbert, E.
AU  - Beiersdorter, P.
AU  - Fournier, K.B.
AU  - Utter, S.B.
AU  - K.L. Wong
T1  - Soft-X-ray spectra of highly charged Au ions in an electron-beam ion trap.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 79
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - Systematic variation of the electron-beam energy in an electron-beam ion trap has been employed to produce soft-X-ray spectra (20 to 60 Å) of Au with well-defined maximum charge states ranging from Br- to Co-like ions. Guided by large-scale relativistic atomic structure calculations, the strongest Δn = 0 (n = 4 to n' = 4) transitions in Rb- to Cu-like ions (Au[sup 42+] – Au[sup 50+] ) have been identified. PACS Nos.: 32.30Rj, 39.30+w, 31.50+w, 32.20R Nous avons varié systématiquement l'énergie des électrons dans un piège ionique à faisceau électronique afin de produire le spectre X mou de Au (de 20 à 60 Å) avec des états de charge ionique la plus élevée et bien définis comme étant les ions isoélectroniques allant du Br au Co. À la lumière de calculs relativistes à grande échelle pour la structure électronique, nous avons identifié les plus fortes transitions Δn = 0 (n = 4 à n' = 4) dans les ions Au[sup 42+] – Au[sup 50+] qui sont isoélectroniques aux éléments allant du Rb au Cu. [Traduit par la Rédaction] (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Nous avons varié systématiquement l'énergie des électrons dans un piège ionique à faisceau électronique afin de produire le spectre X mou de Au (de 20 à 60 Å) avec des états de charge ionique la plus élevée et bien définis comme étant les ions isoélectroniques allant du Br au Co. À la lumière de calculs relativistes à grande échelle pour la structure électronique, nous avons identifié les plus fortes transitions Δn = 0 (n = 4 à n' = 4) dans les ions Au[SUP42+] - Au[SUP50+] qui sont isoélectroniques aux éléments allant du Rb au Cu. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays -- Spectra
KW  - Electron beams
KW  - Ion traps
KW  - Gold
N1  - Accession Number: 10559807; Träbert, E. 1; Email Address: traebert@ep3.ruhr-uni-bochum.de; Beiersdorter, P. 1; Fournier, K.B. 1; Utter, S.B. 1; K.L. Wong 1; Affiliations: 1: Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 79 Issue 2, p153; Subject Term: X-rays -- Spectra; Subject Term: Electron beams; Subject Term: Ion traps; Subject Term: Gold; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/cjp-79-2/3-153
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kobayashi, Kaori
AU  - Sears, Trevor J.
T1  - Absorption spectroscopy of singlet CH[sub 2] near 11 200 cm[sup –1].
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 79
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - New spectra of methylene, CH[sub 2] , in the near infrared region of the singlet band system have been obtained. They were detected by laser transient absorption spectroscopy following excimer laser flash photolysis of ketene, CH[sub 2] CO, at 308 nm. The new data provide information on the nature and energies of rotational levels in three vibronic states that lie between approximately 11 500 and 13 000 cm[sup –1] above the zero point level of the lower, ã[sup 1] A[sub 1] , state. Taken together with previous measurements, a fairly complete picture of the vibronic energy levels of CH[sub 2] in this region can be built up. There is generally good agreement with the recent computational studies on the singlet states of CH[sub 2] , but some evidence for discrepancies for levels with K = 3 and higher near the minimum of the <IMG>[sup 1] B[sub 1] potential surface. PACS No.: 33.20EaNous avons trouvé de nouveaux spectres du méthylène CH[sub 2] dans la région du proche infrarouge de la bande du singulet. Nous les avons observés par spectroscopie laser rapide suivant la photolyse du CH[sub 2] CO par impulsion d'un laser excimère à 308 nm. Ces nouvelles données nous renseignent sur la nature et l'énergie des niveaux rotationnels dans trois états vibroniques se trouvant approximativement entre 11 500 et 13 000 cm[sup –1] au dessus du point zéro de l'état ã[sup 1] A[sub 1] . Considérés avec des résultats déjà obtenus, ils nous fournissent une image assez complète des niveaux vibroniques du CH[sub 2] . L'accord avec les récentes études numériques sur les états singulets est très bon, mais des différences apparaissent pour les niveaux avec K = 3 près du minimum de la surface de potentiel <IMG>[sup 1] B[sub 1] .[Traduit par la Rédaction] (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Nous avons trouvé de nouveaux spectres du méthylène CH[SUB2] dans la région du proche infrarouge de la bande du singulet. Nous les avons observés par spectroscopie laser rapide suivant la photolyse du CH[SUB2]CO par impulsion d'un laser excimère à 308 nm. Ces nouvelles données nous renseignent sur la nature et l'énergie des niveaux rotationnels dans trois états vibroniques se trouvant approximativement entre 11 500 et 13 000 cm[SUP-1] au dessus du point zéro de l'état ã [SUP1]A[SUB1]. Considérés avec des résultats déjà obtenus, ils nous fournissent une image assez complète des niveaux vibroniques du CH[SUB2]. L'accord avec les récentes etudes numériques sur les états singulets est très bon, mais des différences apparaissent pour les niveaux avec K = 3 près du minimum de la surface de potentiel &btilde; [SUP1]B[SUB1]. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Excimer lasers
KW  - Ketenes
N1  - Accession Number: 10559770; Kobayashi, Kaori 1; Sears, Trevor J. 1; Email Address: sears@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y. 11973- 5000, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 79 Issue 2, p347; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Excimer lasers; Subject Term: Ketenes; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/cjp-79-2/3-347
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobson, Jerome E.
AU  - Geelhoed, Glenn W.
T1  - On the Châtelperronian/Aurignacian Conundrum: One Culture, Multiple Human Morphologies?
JO  - Current Anthropology
JF  - Current Anthropology
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 140
SN  - 00113204
AB  - The article cites several studies which investigate on multiple human morphologies and anthropology. A study has found that modern humans may have been healthy while the Neanderthal occupants may have suffered iodine-deficiency disorders. Different researchers have discussed the geography of Neanderthals and early modern humans but not the medical geography and physiology of iodine-deficiency disorders. The Châtelperronian conundrum is speculated to hold the key to understanding the spatially and genetically complex transition from Neanderthals to modern humans.
KW  - ANTHROPOLOGY
KW  - CHATELPERRONIEN culture
KW  - AURIGNACIAN culture
KW  - NEANDERTHALS
KW  - FOSSIL hominids
KW  - HUMAN evolution
KW  - HOMINIDS
KW  - IODINE deficiency diseases
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 4696685; Dobson, Jerome E. 1; Email Address: dobsonje@ornl.go Geelhoed, Glenn W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37831  2: Office of the Dean, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20037, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb2001, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p139; Subject Term: ANTHROPOLOGY; Subject Term: CHATELPERRONIEN culture; Subject Term: AURIGNACIAN culture; Subject Term: NEANDERTHALS; Subject Term: FOSSIL hominids; Subject Term: HUMAN evolution; Subject Term: HOMINIDS; Subject Term: IODINE deficiency diseases; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boopathy, Ramaraj
AU  - Peters, Robert
T1  - Enhanced Biotransformation of Trichloroethylene Under Mixed Electron Acceptor Conditions.
JO  - Current Microbiology
JF  - Current Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 134
EP  - 138
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 03438651
AB  - The biotransformation of trichloroethylene (TCE) under various electron acceptor conditions was investigated by using enrichment cultures developed from the anaerobic digester sludge of Thibodaux sewage treatment plant. The results indicated that TCE was biotransformed under sulfate reducing, methanogenic, nitrate reducing, iron reducing, and fermenting conditions. However, the rates of TCE removal varied among the conditions studied. The fastest removal of TCE (100% removal in 9 days) was observed under mixed electron acceptor conditions, followed in order by methanogenic, fermenting, iron reducing, sulfate reducing, and nitrate reducing conditions. Under mixed electron acceptor conditions, the TCE was converted to ethene, which was further metabolized. Under sulfate and nitrate reducing conditions, the major metabolites produced from TCE metabolism were cis and trans dichloroethylene (DCE). Under methanogenic, iron reducing, and fermenting conditions, cis and trans DCE and ethene were produced from TCE metabolism. This study showed evidence for TCE metabolism in a mixed microbial population system similar to any contaminated field sites, where heterogeneous microbial population exists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Current Microbiology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Biotransformation (Metabolism)
KW  - Pharmacology
KW  - Sewage
KW  - Fermentation
KW  - Microbiological synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 15312132; Boopathy, Ramaraj 1; Email Address: biol-rrb@mail.nich.edu; Peters, Robert 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, Louisiana 70310, USA.; 2: Energy Systems Division, Building 362, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p134; Thesaurus Term: Trichloroethylene; Thesaurus Term: Biotransformation (Metabolism); Thesaurus Term: Pharmacology; Thesaurus Term: Sewage; Thesaurus Term: Fermentation; Subject Term: Microbiological synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002840010192
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, M. E.
AU  - Rose, K. A.
AU  - Levine, D. A.
AU  - Hargrove, W. W.
T1  - PREDICTING CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS ON APPALACHIAN TROUT: COMBINING GIS AND INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODELING.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 178
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study on the effect of climate change on southern Appalachian stream populations such as book and rainbow trout which are tracked for 30 years using a geographic information system database. The abundances of trout are found to increase due to the increased in temperature while the complexity of the changes in the abundances of trout in zones are associated with temperature and stream flow.
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - REPRODUCTION
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Rainbow trout
KW  - Brook trout
KW  - Rivers -- Environmental conditions
KW  - brook and rainbow trout
KW  - geographic information system (GIS)
KW  - global climate change
KW  - individual-based model
KW  - Oncorhynchus mykiss
KW  - Salvelinus fontinalis
KW  - southern Appalachian streams
KW  - temperature and flow gradients
KW  - watershed elevation zones
N1  - Accession Number: 112065207; Clark, M. E. 1; Rose, K. A. 2; Levine, D. A. 3; Hargrove, W. W. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Animal Ecology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3221 USA; 2: Coastal Fisheries Institute and Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-7503 USA; 3: Computational Physics and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6274 USA; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p161; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: REPRODUCTION; Thesaurus Term: Geographic information systems; Subject Term: Rainbow trout; Subject Term: Brook trout; Subject Term: Rivers -- Environmental conditions; Author-Supplied Keyword: brook and rainbow trout; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographic information system (GIS); Author-Supplied Keyword: global climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: individual-based model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oncorhynchus mykiss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salvelinus fontinalis; Author-Supplied Keyword: southern Appalachian streams; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature and flow gradients; Author-Supplied Keyword: watershed elevation zones; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0161:PCCEOA]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Yiqi
AU  - Medlyn, Belinda
AU  - Hui, Dafeng
AU  - Ellsworth, David
AU  - Reynolds, James
AU  - Katul, Gabriel
T1  - GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN DUKE FOREST: MODELING SYNTHESIS OF CO2 EXPERIMENT AND EDDY-FLUX DATA.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 252
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study on the ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP) of Duke Forest in North Carolina using a canopy model that consists of physiological measurements such as leaf area index, leaf nitrogen concentration and stomatal conductance. Canopy photosynthesis during drought period are found to be controlled by soil moisture and air vapor pressure.
KW  - Forest canopies
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Forests & forestry -- North Carolina
KW  - Photosynthesis -- Physiological aspects
KW  - Leaf area index
KW  - canopy
KW  - carbon sink or sequestration
KW  - Duke Forest, North Carolina (USA)
KW  - forest
KW  - global change
KW  - gross primary productivity (GPP)
KW  - loblolly pine
KW  - model
KW  - modeling
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - Pinus taeda
KW  - stomatal conductance
N1  - Accession Number: 112065206; Luo, Yiqi 1; Medlyn, Belinda 2; Hui, Dafeng 1; Ellsworth, David 3; Reynolds, James 4; Katul, Gabriel 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 USA; 2: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Pierroton, Station de Recherches Forestières, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie et Nutrition, BP45, 33611 Gazinet Cedex, France; 3: Environmental Biology and Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000 USA; 4: Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USA; 5: School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USA; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p239; Thesaurus Term: Forest canopies; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Subject Term: Forests & forestry -- North Carolina; Subject Term: Photosynthesis -- Physiological aspects; Subject Term: Leaf area index; Author-Supplied Keyword: canopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sink or sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Duke Forest, North Carolina (USA); Author-Supplied Keyword: forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: gross primary productivity (GPP); Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: model; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus taeda; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0239:GPPIDF]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bochkareva, Elena
AU  - Belegu, Visar
AU  - Korolev, Sergey
AU  - Bochkarev, Alexey
T1  - Structure of the major single-stranded DNA-binding domain of replication protein A suggests a dynamic mechanism for DNA binding.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2001/02//2/1/2001
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 612
EP  - 618
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Although structures of single-stranded (ss)DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) have been reported with and without ssDNA, the mechanism of ssDNA binding in eukarya remains speculative. Here we report a 2.5 Å structure of the ssDNA-binding domain of human replication protein A (RPA) (eukaryotic SSB), for which we previously reported a structure in complex with ssDNA. A comparison of free and bound forms of RPA revealed that ssDNA binding is associated with a major reorientation between, and significant conformational changes within, the structural modules-OB-folds-which comprise the DNA-binding domain. Two OB-folds, whose tandem orientation was stabilized by the presence of DNA, adopted multiple orientations in its absence. Within the OB-folds, extended loops implicated in DNA binding significantly changed conformation in the absence of DNA. Analysis of intermolecular contacts suggested the possibility that other RPA molecules and/or other proteins could compete with DNA for the same binding site. Using this mechanism, protein-protein interactions can regulate, and/or be regulated by DNA binding. Combined with available biochemical data, this structure also suggested a dynamic model for the DNA-binding mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA-binding proteins
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PROTEIN-protein interactions
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - crystal structure
KW  - DNA binding
KW  - OB-fold
KW  - replication protein A
KW  - single-stranded DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 12954868; Bochkareva, Elena 1 Belegu, Visar 1 Korolev, Sergey 2 Bochkarev, Alexey 1; Email Address: Alexey-Bochkarev@ouhsc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC-466, Oklahoma City, OK 73190.  2: Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: 2/1/2001, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p612; Subject Term: DNA-binding proteins; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PROTEIN-protein interactions; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: OB-fold; Author-Supplied Keyword: replication protein A; Author-Supplied Keyword: single-stranded DNA; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/20.3.612
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoff, Thomas E.
AU  - Weyant, John P.
AU  - Herig, Chris
AU  - Wenger, Howard J.
T1  - Reduce, reuse and renew: one possible approach to cut carbon emissions.
JO  - International Journal of Global Energy Issues
JF  - International Journal of Global Energy Issues
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 09547118
AB  - Focuses on the effect of gas emissions on the environment and on the need for a system composed of energy efficiency, distributed cogeneration and distributed photovoltaics to reduce fuel consumption in residential and commercial sectors.  Timeframe for the solution to take effect; Agreement signed by the U.S. to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 2010.
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 10892534; Hoff, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: tomhoff@clean-power.com; Weyant, John P. 2; Email Address: weyant@leland.stanford.edu; Herig, Chris 3; Email Address: jerigc@tcplink.nrel.gov; Wenger, Howard J. 4; Email Address: hwenger@astropower.com; Affiliations: 1: Clean Power Research.; 2: Energy Modeling Forum, Stanford University.; 3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.; 4: Astropower.; Issue Info: 2001, Vol. 15 Issue 1/2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young Sung Ghim
AU  - Hyun Sun Oh
AU  - Young-Soo Chang, Janusz
T1  - Meteorological Effects on the Evolution of High Ozone Episodes in the Greater Seoul Area.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 202
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Three high O3 episodes--7 days in 1992 (July 3-July 9), 9 days in 1994 (July 21-July 29), and another 3 days in 1994 (August 22-August 24)--were selected on the basis of morning (7:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m.) average wind direction and speed and daily maximum O3 concentrations in the greater Seoul, Korea, of 1990-1997. To better understand their characteristics and life cycles, surface data from the Seoul Weather Station (SWS) and surface and 850-hPa wind field data covering northeast Asia around the Korean Peninsula were used for the analysis. In the July 1992 episode, westerly winds were most frequent as a result of the influence of a high-pressure system west of the Korean Peninsula behind a trough. In contrast, in the July 1994 episode, easterly winds were most frequent as a result of the effect of a typhoon moving north from the south of Japan. Despite different prevailing wind directions, the peak O3 concentrations for each episode occurred when a sea/land breeze developed in association with weak synoptic forcing. The August 1994 episode, which was selected as being representative of calm conditions, was another typical example in which a well-developed sea/land breeze helped cause the peak O3 concentration to rise to a record high of 322 parts per billion by volume (ppbv). All three high O3 episodes ended as a result of precipitation, and subsequent rises in O3 concentrations were also suppressed by a series of precipitation events afterwards. In particular, two heavy rainfalls were the main reason why the August 1994 episode, which had the highest and second-highest O3 concentrations, lasted only a few days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Winds
KW  - Weather
KW  - Typhoons
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Japan
N1  - Accession Number: 12413263; Young Sung Ghim 1; Hyun Sun Oh 1; Young-Soo Chang, Janusz 2; Affiliations: 1: Global Environment Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea; 2: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p185; Thesaurus Term: Winds; Thesaurus Term: Weather; Thesaurus Term: Typhoons; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Subject: Japan; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 13 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Gorse Jr., Robert A.
AU  - Bailey, Brent K.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Tenth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
EP  - 249
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The Coordinating Research Council (CRC) held its tenth workshop in March 2000, focusing on results from the most recent real-world vehicle emissions research. In this paper, we summarize the presentations from researchers who are engaged in improving our understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to emission inventories. Participants in the workshop discussed efforts to improve mobile source emission models and emission inventories, results from gas- and particle-phase emissions studies from spark-ignition and diesel-powered vehicles, new methods for measuring mobile source emissions, improvements in vehicle emission control systems (ECSs), and evaluation of motor vehicle inspection/maintenance (I/M) programs, as well as topics for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Vehicles
KW  - Research
KW  - Coal gas
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Inventories
N1  - Accession Number: 12413265; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Gorse Jr., Robert A. 2; Bailey, Brent K. 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Email Address: doug_lawson@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1: General Motors Research and Development Center, Warren, Michigan; 2: Ford Motor Company, Allen Park, Michigan; 3: Coordinating Research Council, Alpharetta, Georgia; 4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p236; Thesaurus Term: Vehicles; Thesaurus Term: Research; Thesaurus Term: Coal gas; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles; Subject Term: Inventories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415190 Recreational and other motor vehicles merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campos, Andrés
AU  - Zhang, RongGuang
AU  - Alkire, Randal W.
AU  - Matsumura, Philip
AU  - Westbrook, Edwin M.
T1  - Crystal structure of the global regulator FlhD from Escherichia coli at 1.8 Å resolution.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 580
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - FlhD is a 13.3 kDa transcriptional activator protein of flagellar genes and a global regulator. FlhD activates the transcription of class II operons in the flagellar regulon when complexed with a second protein FlhC (21.5 kDa). FlhD also regulates other expression systems in Escherichia coli . We are seeking to understand this plasticity of FlhD's DNA-binding specificity and, to this end, we have determined the crystal structure of the isolated FlhD protein. The structure was solved by substituting seleno-methionine for natural sulphur-methionine in FlhD, crystallizing the protein and determining the structure factor phases by the method of multiple-energy anomalous dispersion (MAD). The FlhD protein is dimeric. The dimer is tightly coupled, with an intimate contact surface, implying that the dimer does not easily dissociate. The FlhD monomer is predominantly α-helical. The C-termini of both FlhD monomers (residues 83–116) are completely disrupted by crystal packing, implying that this region of FlhD is highly flexible. However, part of the C-terminus structure in chain A (residues 83–98) was modelled using a native FlhD crystal. What is seen in chain A suggests a classic DNA-binding, helix–turn–helix (HTH) motif. FlhD does not bind DNA by itself, so it may be that the DNA-binding HTH motif becomes rigidly defined only when FlhD forms a complex with some other protein, such as FlhC. If this were true, it might explain how FlhD exhibits plasticity in its DNA-binding specificity, as each partner protein with which it forms a complex could allosterically affect the binding specificity of its HTH motif. A disulphide bridge is seen between the unique cysteine residues (Cys-65) of FlhD native homodimers. Alanine substitution at Cys-65 does not affect FlhD transcription activator activity, suggesting that the disulphide bond is not necessary for either dimer stability or this function of FlhD. Electrostatic potential analysis indicates... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Bacterial proteins
KW  - Proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 5519563; Campos, Andrés 1; Zhang, RongGuang 2; Alkire, Randal W. 2; Matsumura, Philip 1,3; Westbrook, Edwin M. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M/C 790), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott Ave., MSB E-603, Chicago, IL 60612-7344, USA.; 2: Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; 3: Molecular Biology Consortium, 2201 W. Campbell Drive, Chicago, IL 60439, USA.; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p567; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia coli; Subject Term: Bacterial proteins; Subject Term: Proteins; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02247.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pennacchio, Len A.
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
T1  - GENOMIC STRATEGIES TO IDENTIFY MAMMALIAN REGULATORY SEQUENCES.
JO  - Nature Reviews Genetics
JF  - Nature Reviews Genetics
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 100
EP  - 109
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 14710056
AB  - With the continuing accomplishments of the human genome project, high-throughput strategies to identify DNA sequences that are important in mammalian gene regulation are becoming increasingly feasible. In contrast to the historic, labour-intensive, wet-laboratory methods for identifying regulatory sequences, many modern approaches are heavily focused on the computational analysis of large genomic data sets. Data from inter-species genomic sequence comparisons and genome-wide expression profiling, integrated with various computational tools, are poised to contribute to the decoding of genomic sequence and to the identification of those sequences that orchestrate gene regulation. In this review, we highlight several genomic approaches that are being used to identify regulatory sequences in mammalian genomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Reviews Genetics is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 10660051; Pennacchio, Len A. 1 Rubin, Edward M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; Source Info: Feb2001, Vol. 2 Issue 2, p100; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/35052548
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blank, Jennifer
AU  - Miller, Gregory
AU  - Ahrens, Michael
AU  - Winans, Randall
T1  - Experimental Shock Chemistry of Aqueous Amino Acid Solutions and the Cometary Delivery of Prebiotic Compounds.
JO  - Origins of Life & Evolution of the Biosphere
JF  - Origins of Life & Evolution of the Biosphere
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 51
SN  - 01696149
AB  - A series of shock experiments were conducted to assess thefeasibility of the delivery of organic compounds to theEarth via cometary impacts. Aqueous solutions containingnear-saturation levels of amino acids (lysine, norvaline,aminobutyric acid, proline, and phenylalanine) were sealedinside stainless steel capsules and shocked by ballisticimpact with a steel projectile plate accelerated along a12-m-long gun barrel to velocities of 0.5–1.9 km sec-1. Pressure-temperature-time histories of the shocked fluidswere calculated using 1D hydrodynamical simulations. Maximum conditions experienced by the solutions lasted0.85–2.7 μs and ranged from 5.1–21 GPa and 412–870 K. Recovered sample capsules were milled open and liquid wasextracted. Samples were analyzed using high performanceliquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS). In all experiments, a large fraction of the amino acidssurvived. We observed differences in kinetic behavior andthe degree of survivability among the amino acids. Aminobutyricacid appeared to be the least reactive, and phenylalanine appeared to be the most reactive of the amino acids. The impact process resulted in the formation of peptide bonds; new compounds included amino acid dimers and cyclic diketopiperazines. In our experiments, and in certain naturally occurring impacts, pressure has a greater influencethan temperature in determining reaction pathways. Our resultssupport the hypothesis that significant concentrations of organic material could survive a natural impact process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Origins of Life & Evolution of the Biosphere is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - amino acids
KW  - comets
KW  - impact delivery
KW  - origin of life
KW  - shock recovery experiments
N1  - Accession Number: 52535029; Blank, Jennifer 1; Email Address: jenblank@seismo.berkeley.edu; Miller, Gregory 2; Ahrens, Michael 3; Winans, Randall 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, 301 McCone Hall Berkeley 94720-4767 U.S.A.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Applied Numerical Algorithms Group, MS 50A-1148, 1 Cyclotron Rd Berkeley 94720 U.S.A; 3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave Argonne 60439 U.S.A; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 31 Issue 1/2, p15; Author-Supplied Keyword: amino acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: comets; Author-Supplied Keyword: impact delivery; Author-Supplied Keyword: origin of life; Author-Supplied Keyword: shock recovery experiments; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1006758803255
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sen, Suvrajeet
AU  - Pillai, Rekha
AU  - Joshi, Shirish
AU  - Rathi, Ajay K.
T1  - A Mean-Variance Model for Route Guidance in Advanced Traveler Information Systems.
JO  - Transportation Science
JF  - Transportation Science
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 00411655
AB  - Traditional models of route generation are based on choosing routes that minimize expected travel-time between origin and destination. Such approaches do not account for the fact that travelers often incorporate travel-time variability within their decision making. Thus, a route with lower travel-time variability is preferred by some travelers, even if such a route is not one with the lowest mean travel-time. Such traveler behavior is best captured by a multiobjective model in which the choice of a route is based on the mean as well as the variance of the path travel-time. Our route-planning model is intended to help travelers make choices that reflect their decision-making process better. We formulate a network flow multiobjective model in which one of the objectives (expectation) is linear, whereas, the other (variance) is quadratic. In order to present the user with a series of options, we solve a series of parametric 0–1 quadratic integer programs. By utilizing the network structure of the problem, we devise an effective algorithm in which the 0–1 quadratic program is solved by using a continuous relaxation together with an enumeration of some selected paths. Finally, we note that the data requirements for the model can be easily satisfied in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Science is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIRWAYS (Aeronautics)
KW  - TRAVELERS
KW  - TOURISM
KW  - TRAVEL time (Traffic engineering)
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - VOYAGES & travels
KW  - QUADRATIC programming
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - COMMUTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 5649338; Sen, Suvrajeet 1,2,3; Email Address: sen@sie.arizona.edu Pillai, Rekha 1,2,3 Joshi, Shirish 1,2,3 Rathi, Ajay K. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: SIE Dept., University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721  2: ITS Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6206 12 Technologies, Irving, Texas 75063.  3: ITS Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6206.; Source Info: Feb2001, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: AIRWAYS (Aeronautics); Subject Term: TRAVELERS; Subject Term: TOURISM; Subject Term: TRAVEL time (Traffic engineering); Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: VOYAGES & travels; Subject Term: QUADRATIC programming; Subject Term: NONLINEAR programming; Subject Term: COMMUTERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561591 Convention and Visitors Bureaus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 713990 All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721110 Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721120 Casino Hotels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721191 Bed-and-Breakfast Inns; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721199 All Other Traveler Accommodation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721214 Recreational and Vacation Camps (except Campgrounds); NAICS/Industry Codes: 721211 RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks and Campgrounds; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Marsik, F. J.
AU  - Keeler, G. J.
T1  - Mercury Air/Surface Exchange Kinetics of Background Soils of the Tahquamenon River Watershed in the Michigan Upper Peninsula.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/02//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 169
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Air/surface exchange of mercury was investigated over background soils at five sites in the Tahquamenon River watershed in the Michigan Upper Peninsula in the summer of 1998. Measurements of Hg fluxes were performed during midday periods using the ORNL Teflon dynamic flux chamber. Mean Hg emission fluxes were 1.4±0.3–2.4±1.0 ng m-2 hr-1 for three shaded forest sites and 7.6±1.7 ng m-2 hr-1 for an open field site. Hg dry deposition was observed at a heavily shaded forest site over wet soils (mean = –0.3±0.2 ng m-2 hr-1). The overall mean Hg flux was 1.4±1.4 ng m-2 hr-1 for the four shaded forest sites. The Hg fluxes observed at these sites are similar to those found at other northern background sites. Significant, rapid response of Hg emission to solar radiation was observed over these background soils. Artificial irrigation over these soils induced immediate and measurable increases in Hg emission. Soil temperature was found to be less influential to Hg air/surface exchange over these heavily shaded forest background soils than we have seen elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Soil physics
KW  - Peninsulas
KW  - Tahquamenon River (Mich.)
KW  - Michigan
KW  - atmosphere
KW  - biogeochemical cycling
KW  - deposition
KW  - dynamic flux chamber
KW  - emission
KW  - forest
KW  - photochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16603103; Zhang, H. 1,2; Email Address: 2hz@ornl.gov; Lindberg, S. E. 1; Marsik, F. J. 3; Keeler, G. J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; 2: Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; 3: Air Quality Laboratory (AQL), University of Michigan (UMI), Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 126 Issue 1/2, p151; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Soil physics; Subject Term: Peninsulas; Subject: Tahquamenon River (Mich.); Subject: Michigan; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogeochemical cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic flux chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: photochemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naumburg, Elke
AU  - Ellsworth, David S.
AU  - Katul, Gabriel G.
T1  - Modeling dynamic understory photosynthesis of contrasting species in ambient and elevated carbon dioxide.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2001/02/02/
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 499
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - Dynamic responses of understory plants to sunflecks have been extensively studied, but how much differences in dynamic light responses affect daily photosynthesis (Aday) is still the subject of active research. Recent models of dynamic photosynthesis have provided a quantitative tool that allows the critical assessment of the importance of these sunfleck responses on Aday. Here we used a dynamic photosynthesis model to assess differences in four species that were growing in ambient and elevated CO2. We hypothesized that Liriodendron tulipifera, a species with rapid photosynthetic induction gain and slow induction loss, would have the least limitations to sunfleck photosynthesis relative to the other three species (Acer rubrum, Cornus florida, Liquidambar styraciflua). As a consequence, L. tulipifera should have the highest Aday in an understory environment, despite being the least shade tolerant of the species tested. We further hypothesized that daily photosynthetic enhancement by elevated CO2 would differ from enhancement levels observed during light-saturated, steady-state measurements. Both hypotheses were supported by the model results under conditions of low daily photosynthetic photon flux density (PFD; <3% of the above-canopy PFD). However, under moderate PFD (10–20% of the above-canopy PFD), differences in dynamic sunfleck responses had no direct impact on Aday for any of the species, since stomatal and photosynthetic induction limitations to sunfleck photosynthesis were small. Thus, the relative species ranking in Aday under moderate PFD closely matched their rankings in steady-state measurements of light-saturated photosynthesis. Similarly, under elevated CO2, enhancement of modeled Aday over Aday at ambient CO2 matched the enhancement measured under light saturation. Thus, the effects of species-specific differences in dynamic sunfleck responses, and differences in elevated CO2 responses of daily photosynthesis, are most important in marginal light environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plants
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Liquidambar
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - Red maple
KW  - Flowering dogwood
KW  - Daily photosynthesis
KW  - Elevated carbon dioxide
KW  - Photosynthetic enhancement
KW  - Shade tolerance
KW  - Sunflecks
N1  - Accession Number: 15687095; Naumburg, Elke 1,2; Email Address: elke@dri.edu; Ellsworth, David S. 2,3; Katul, Gabriel G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Desert Research Institute, 755 E Flamingo Rd, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA; 2: Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0328, USA; 3: Department of Environmental Sciences Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p487; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Liquidambar; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; Subject Term: Red maple; Subject Term: Flowering dogwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Daily photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elevated carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosynthetic enhancement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shade tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sunflecks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s004420000543
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rustad, L. E.
AU  - Campbell, J. L.
AU  - Marion, G. M.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Mitchell, M. J.
AU  - Hartley, A. E.
AU  - Cornelissen, J. H. C.
AU  - Gurevitch, J.
T1  - A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2001/02/02/
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
EP  - 562
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - Climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions is predicted to raise the mean global temperature by 1.0–3.5°C in the next 50–100 years. The direct and indirect effects of this potential increase in temperature on terrestrial ecosystems and ecosystem processes are likely to be complex and highly varied in time and space. The Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems core project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme has recently launched a Network of Ecosystem Warming Studies, the goals of which are to integrate and foster research on ecosystem-level effects of rising temperature. In this paper, we use meta-analysis to synthesize data on the response of soil respiration, net N mineralization, and aboveground plant productivity to experimental ecosystem warming at 32 research sites representing four broadly defined biomes, including high (latitude or altitude) tundra, low tundra, grassland, and forest. Warming methods included electrical heat-resistance ground cables, greenhouses, vented and unvented field chambers, overhead infrared lamps, and passive night-time warming. Although results from individual sites showed considerable variation in response to warming, results from the meta-analysis showed that, across all sites and years, 2–9 years of experimental warming in the range 0.3–6.0°C significantly increased soil respiration rates by 20% (with a 95% confidence interval of 18–22%), net N mineralization rates by 46% (with a 95% confidence interval of 30–64%), and plant productivity by 19% (with a 95% confidence interval of 15–23%). The response of soil respiration to warming was generally larger in forested ecosystems compared to low tundra and grassland ecosystems, and the response of plant productivity was generally larger in low tundra ecosystems than in forest and grassland ecosystems. With the exception of aboveground plant productivity, which showed a greater positive response to warming in colder ecosystems, the magnitude of the response of these three processes to experimental warming was not generally significantly related to the geographic, climatic, or environmental variables evaluated in this analysis. This underscores the need to understand the relative importance of specific factors (such as temperature, moisture, site quality, vegetation type, successional status, land-use history, etc.) at different spatial and temporal scales, and suggests that we should be cautious in "scaling up" responses from the plot and site level to the landscape and biome level. Overall, ecosystem-warming experiments are shown to provide valuable insights on the response of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Global temperature changes
KW  - Grasslands
KW  - Meta-analysis
KW  - Nitrogen mineralization
KW  - Plant productivity
KW  - Soil respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 15687098; Rustad, L. E. 1; Email Address: rustad@maine.edu; Campbell, J. L. 1; Marion, G. M. 2; Norby, R. J. 3; Mitchell, M. J. 4; Hartley, A. E. 5; Cornelissen, J. H. C. 6; Gurevitch, J. 7; Affiliations: 1: Northeastern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Durham, NH 03824, USA; 2: Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1059, MS 6422, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; 4: SUNY -- College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; 5: The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; 6: Sheffield Centre for Arctic Ecology, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; 7: Department of Ecology and Evolution, SUNY -- Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5245, USA; Issue Info: Feb2001, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p543; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Global temperature changes; Thesaurus Term: Grasslands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meta-analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen mineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plant productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil respiration; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 2 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s004420000544
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bridle, S. L.
AU  - Zehavi, I.
AU  - Dekel, A.
AU  - Lahav, O.
AU  - Hobson, M. P.
AU  - Lasenby, A. N.
T1  - Cosmological parameters from velocities, cosmic microwave background and supernovae.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2001/02/21/
VL  - 321
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 340
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We compare and combine likelihood functions of the cosmological parameters Ω[sub m], h and σ[sub 8], from peculiar velocities, cosmic microwave background (CMB) and type Ia supernovae. These three data sets directly probe the mass in the Universe, without the need to relate the galaxy distribution to the underlying mass via a ‘biasing’ relation. We include the recent results from the CMB experiments BOOMERANG and MAXIMA-1. Our analysis assumes a flat Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmology with a scale-invariant adiabatic initial power spectrum and baryonic fraction as inferred from big-bang nucleosynthesis. We find that all three data sets agree well, overlapping significantly at the 2σ level. This therefore justifies a joint analysis, in which we find a joint best-fitting point and 95 per cent confidence limits of Ω [sub m[sup -] ] = 0.28 (0.17,0.39), h[sup -] = 0.74 (0.64,0.86) and σ [sub 8 ] = 1.17 (0.98,1.37). In terms of the natural parameter combinations for these data σ [sub 8 ] Ω m[sup -] 0.6 = 0.54 (0.40,0.73), Ω [sub m[sup -] ] h[sup -] = 0.21 (0.16,0.27). Also for the best-fitting point, Q[sup -] [sub rms[sup -] - ps[sup -] ] = 19.7 μ K[sup -] and the age of the Universe is 13.2 Gyr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - SPEED
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - cosmic microwave background
KW  - cosmological parameters
KW  - cosmology: observations
KW  - cosmology: theory
KW  - large-scale structure of Universe
KW  - methods: statistical
N1  - Accession Number: 5612790; Bridle, S. L. 1 Zehavi, I. 2 Dekel, A. 3 Lahav, O. Hobson, M. P. 1 Lasenby, A. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE  2: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Group, Fermi national Accelerator Laboratory, Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA  3: Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; Source Info: 2/21/2001, Vol. 321 Issue 2, p333; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmic microwave background; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmological parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: large-scale structure of Universe; Author-Supplied Keyword: methods: statistical; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04009.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - N.M. and P.N. Ross Markovic
T1  - New electrocatalysts for fuel cells from model surfaces to commercial catalysts.
JO  - CaTTech
JF  - CaTTech
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
EP  - 126
SN  - 13846566
AB  - In the last decade of the 20th century, we have witnessed a resurgence of interest in fuel cell technology, a technology whose basic principles were demonstrated in the mid-19th century. One of the drivers of this resurgence is the use of hydrogen as a transportation fuel, and the certification by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) of a hydrogen - air fuel cell powered vehicle as a "zero emission vehicle" or ZEV. Another driver is the simplicity of construction and assembly of fuel cell stacks when a polymer membrane is used as the electrolyte versus the more conventional aqueous electrolyte. The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell offers the promise of substantially lower cost for the cell hardware. Unfortunately, two of the fundamental catalytic limitations that have plagued fuel cells for more than a century still remain: 1.) it is difficult to use any fuel other than highly purified hydrogen; 2.) there has been no cost-effective replacement of Pt as the electrocatalyst. Fortunately, there are signs that help is on the way, particularly with respect to the development of new electrocatalysts for electrooxidation of impure hydrogen, e.g. CO-contaminated, or even syngas. In this article, we describe some of these developments, which have come from over two decades of basic research on electrocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of CaTTech is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 20059255; N.M. and P.N. Ross Markovic 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: Mar2001, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p110; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: COST effectiveness; Subject Term: POLYMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumaran, D.
AU  - Eswaramoorthy, S.
AU  - Luft, B. J.
AU  - Koide, S.
AU  - Dunn, J. J.
AU  - Lawson, C. L.
AU  - Swaminathan, S.
T1  - Crystal structure of outer surface protein C (OspC) from the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2001/03//3/1/2001
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 971
EP  - 978
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Outer surface protein C (OspC) is a major antigen on the surface of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, when it is being transmitted to humans. Crystal structures of OspC have been determined for strains HB19 and B31 to 1.8 and 2.5 A resolution, respectively. The three-dimensional structure is predominantly helical. This is in contrast to the structure of OspA, a major surface protein mainly present when spirochetes are residing in the midgut of unfed ticks, which is mostly β-sheet. The surface of OspC that would project away from the spirochete's membrane has a region of strong negative electrostatic potential which may be involved in binding to positively charged host ligands. This feature is present only on OspCs from strains known to cause invasive human disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - LYME disease
KW  - RELAPSING fever
KW  - BORRELIA burgdorferi
KW  - BORRELIA
KW  - 3D structure
KW  - Lyme disease
KW  - OspC
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12954951; Kumaran, D. 1 Eswaramoorthy, S. 1 Luft, B. J. 2 Koide, S. 3 Dunn, J. J. 1 Lawson, C. L. 1,4; Email Address: lawson@rutchem.rutgers.edu Swaminathan, S. 1; Email Address: swami@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.  2: Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11974.  3: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642.  4: Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.; Source Info: 3/1/2001, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p971; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: LYME disease; Subject Term: RELAPSING fever; Subject Term: BORRELIA burgdorferi; Subject Term: BORRELIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lyme disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: OspC; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/20.5.971
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hart, William E.
T1  - A Convergence Analysis of Unconstrained and Bound Constrained Evolutionary Pattern Search.
JO  - Evolutionary Computation
JF  - Evolutionary Computation
Y1  - 2001///Spring2001
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10636560
AB  - We present and analyze a class of evolutionary algorithms for unconstrained and bound constrained optimization on R[sup n]: evolutionary pattern search algorithms (EPSAs). EPSAs adaptively modify the step size of the mutation operator in response to the success of previous optimization steps. The design of EPSAs is inspired by recent analyses of pattern search methods. We show that EPSAs can be cast as stochastic pattern search methods, and we use this observation to prove that EPSAs have a probabilistic, weak stationary point convergence theory. This convergence theory is distinguished by the fact that the analysis does not approximate the stochastic process of EPSAs, and hence it exactly characterizes their convergence properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Evolutionary Computation is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY computation
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - BOUND CONSTRAINTS
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY PATTERN SEARCH
KW  - Local convergence
KW  - PARAMETER ADAPTATION
N1  - Accession Number: 4251179; Hart, William E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Optimization/Uncertainty Estimation Department, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110, USA; Source Info: Spring2001, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY computation; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: BOUND CONSTRAINTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: EVOLUTIONARY PATTERN SEARCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: PARAMETER ADAPTATION; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 12495
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benson, J. M.
AU  - Tibbetts, B. M.
AU  - Thrall, K. D.
AU  - Springer, D. L.
T1  - Uptake, Tissue Distribution, and Fate of Inhaled Carbon Tetrachloride: Comparison of Rat, Mouse, and Hamster.
JO  - Inhalation Toxicology
JF  - Inhalation Toxicology
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 217
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08958378
AB  - Carbon tetrachloride is hepatotoxic in rats, mice, and hamsters. However, rats are less sensitive to the hepatotoxic effects of CCl4 than the other two species. The purpose of this study was to compare the uptake, tissue distribution, and elimination of CCl[sub 4] by these three rodent species. Groups of 20 F344/Crl BR rats, B6C3F[sub 1] mice, and Syrian hamsters were exposed by nose-only inhalation for 4 h to 20 ppm [sup 14]C-labeled CCl[sub 4]. The fate of [sup 14]C was followed in tissues, excreta, and exhaled breath for 48 h after the exposure. At the end of the exposure, concentrations of CCl[sub 4] equivalents (CE) in tissue were highest in liver of rats and mice, but highest in fat for rats. The liver received the highest dose of CCl[sub 4] equivalents with the following species ranking: mouse > hamster > rat. Patterns of CE elimination were species and tissue dependent, with the majority of elimination occurring within 48 h after exposure. Rats eliminated less radioactivity associated with metabolism ([sup 14]CO[sub 2], urine and feces) and more radioactivity associated with parent compound (exhaled activity trapped on charcoal) than did mice or hamsters. The results indicate that ranking of species sensitivity to the hepatotoxic effects of inhaled CCl[sub 4] correlates with CE dose to liver and with the ability to metabolize CCl[sub 4]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inhalation Toxicology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEPATOTOXICOLOGY
KW  - RATS as laboratory animals
KW  - CARBON tetrachloride
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 4230273; Benson, J. M. 1 Tibbetts, B. M. 1 Thrall, K. D. 2 Springer, D. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA  2: Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Mar2001, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p207; Subject Term: HEPATOTOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: RATS as laboratory animals; Subject Term: CARBON tetrachloride; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08958370150502449
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer-Ilse, W.
AU  - Hamamoto, D.
AU  - Nair, A.
AU  - Lelièvre, S. A.
AU  - Denbeaux, G.
AU  - Johnson, L.
AU  - Pearson, A. L.
AU  - Yager, D.
AU  - Legros, M. A.
AU  - Larabell, C. A.
T1  - High resolution protein localization using soft X-ray microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 201
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 403
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Soft X-ray microscopes can be used to examine whole, hydrated cells up to 10 µm thick and produce images approaching 30 nm resolution. Since cells are imaged in the X-ray transmissive ‘water window’, where organic material absorbs approximately an order of magnitude more strongly than water, chemical contrast enhancement agents are not required to view the distribution of cellular structures. Although living specimens cannot be examined, cells can be rapidly frozen at a precise moment in time and examined in a cryostage, revealing information that most closely approximates that in live cells. In this study, we used a transmission X-ray microscope at photon energies just below the oxygen edge (λ = 2.4 nm) to examine rapidly frozen mouse 3T3 cells and obtained excellent cellular morphology at better than 50 nm lateral resolution. These specimens are extremely stable, enabling multiple exposures with virtually no detectable damage to cell structures. We also show that silver-enhanced, immunogold labelling can be used to localize both cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins in whole, hydrated mammary epithelial cells at better than 50 nm resolution. The future use of X-ray tomography, along with improved zone plate lenses, will enable collection of better resolution (approaching 30 nm), three-dimensional information on the distribution of proteins in cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray microscopes
KW  - PROTEINS -- Analysis
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Immunogold
KW  - protein localization
KW  - soft X-ray microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 5514368; Meyer-Ilse, W. 1,2 Hamamoto, D. 3 Nair, A. 1 Lelièvre, S. A. 4 Denbeaux, G. 1 Johnson, L. 1 Pearson, A. L. 1 Yager, D. 4 Legros, M. A. 1 Larabell, C. A. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,  2: Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.  4: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.  5: Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2001, Vol. 201 Issue 3, p395; Subject Term: X-ray microscopes; Subject Term: PROTEINS -- Analysis; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immunogold; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein localization; Author-Supplied Keyword: soft X-ray microscopy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00845.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortiz De Solorzano, C.
AU  - Malladi, R.
AU  - Lelièvre, S. A.
AU  - Lockett, S. J.
T1  - Segmentation of nuclei and cells using membrane related protein markers.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 201
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 404
EP  - 415
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Segmenting individual cell nuclei from microscope images normally involves volume labelling of the nuclei with a DNA stain. However, this method often fails when the nuclei are tightly clustered in the tissue, because there is little evidence from the images on where the borders of the nuclei are. In this paper we present a method which solves this limitation and furthermore enables segmentation of whole cells. Instead of using volume stains, we used stains that specifically label the surface of nuclei or cells: lamins for the nuclear envelope and alpha-6 or beta-1 integrins for the cellular surface. The segmentation is performed by identifying unique seeds for each nucleus/cell and expanding the boundaries of the seeds until they reach the limits of the nucleus/cell, as delimited by the lamin or integrin staining, using gradient-curvature flow techniques. We tested the algorithm using computer-generated objects to evaluate its robustness against noise and applied it to cells in culture and to tissue specimens. In all the cases that we present the algorithm gave accurate results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - STAINS & staining (Microscopy)
KW  - Cell surface
KW  - confocal
KW  - geometrical flow
KW  - image segmentation
KW  - integrin
KW  - lamin
KW  - nuclear lamina
KW  - Partial differential equation (PDE)
N1  - Accession Number: 5514361; Ortiz De Solorzano, C. 1 Malladi, R. 1 Lelièvre, S. A. 1 Lockett, S. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2001, Vol. 201 Issue 3, p404; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: STAINS & staining (Microscopy); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: confocal; Author-Supplied Keyword: geometrical flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: image segmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: lamin; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear lamina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial differential equation (PDE); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00854.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BURR, Tom
AU  - STANBRO, William D.
AU  - CHARLTON, William
T1  - An Evaluation of Safeguards Approaches for Neptunium.
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology
Y1  - 2001/03//3/1/2001
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 216
SN  - 00223131
AB  - The International Atomic Energy Agency has recently drawn attention to the fact that neptunium (Np), a byproduct of the nuclear power industry, can be used to make nuclear weapons. Current monitoring approaches for Np do not rely on material balance accounting as is used for uranium and plutonium. In the future this may change. Although full material balance accounting is not anticipated for Np, it is informative to evaluate the impact and benefit of full material balance accounting when considering other options. Therefore, this paper will apply systems analysis to evaluate ways to convert the current system to full materials balance accounting that will minimize the intrusiveness of the verification system and minimize costs to both the facility operator and the inspection agency. We then compare full material balance accounting to partial material balance accounting and to a ratio-monitoring technique referred to as flow sheet verification. We conclude that sampling approximately 25% of the batches is likely to be adequate and that Pu (or perhaps137Cs) will be the most effective surrogate for estimating the Np in the input accountability tank. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - alternate nuclear material
KW  - evaluations
KW  - flow sheet verification
KW  - material balance accounting
KW  - neptunium
KW  - safeguards
KW  - systems analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 121041464; BURR, Tom 1; Email Address: tburr@lanl.gov; STANBRO, William D. 1; CHARLTON, William 2; Affiliations: 1: Safeguards Systems Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop E541, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA; 2: University of Texas, University of Texas, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Mail Code C2200, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; Issue Info: 3/1/2001, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p209; Author-Supplied Keyword: alternate nuclear material; Author-Supplied Keyword: evaluations; Author-Supplied Keyword: flow sheet verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: material balance accounting; Author-Supplied Keyword: neptunium; Author-Supplied Keyword: safeguards; Author-Supplied Keyword: systems analysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/18811248.2001.9715023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heddle, John A.
AU  - Knize, Mark G.
AU  - Dawod, David
AU  - Xue-Bin Zhang
T1  - A test of the mutagenicity of cooked meats in vivo.
JO  - Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 107
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02678357
AB  - There is a correlation between intestinal cancer and diets high in meat, so fried beef, chicken, lamb, pork and fish were tested for their ability to induce mutations in the small intestine of mice. The mice were bred to be heterozygous at the Dlb-1 locus so that loss of the dominant Dlb-1 b allele by mutation could be detected. Mice were fed the AIN-76A diet (which contains 50% of the calories in the form of sucrose) or an isocaloric diet in which the sucrose was replaced by meat or fish, for 5 or 9 weeks. Manifestation of mutants requires ~1 week in this system, so this corresponds to an effective exposure of 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. There was no significant difference in the weights of animals on the different diets, and no difference in mutant frequency. Several food mutagens were present, but at low levels. These results, when considered in the light of tests of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine and amino(α)carboline at much higher doses (Zhang,X.-B., Tao,K.S., Urlando,C., Shaver-Walker,P. and Heddle,J.A. (1996) Mutagenesis, 11, 43–48), indicate that there is no highly mutagenic compound missed by previous testing with bacterial assays and that mixtures of heterocyclic amines at low levels do not show great synergy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Mutagenesis is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meat
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Mutagenicity testing
KW  - Intestinal cancer
KW  - Mice
KW  - Heterozygosity
KW  - Mutagenesis
N1  - Accession Number: 44404222; Heddle, John A. 1; Email Address: jheddle@yorku.ca; Knize, Mark G. 2; Dawod, David 3; Xue-Bin Zhang 1,4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada, M3J 1J3; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94551, USA; 3: 3Apotex Pharmaceuticals, Weston, Ontario, Canada M9L 1T9; 4: Department of Genetic Toxicology, ViroMed LaboratoriesInc., Minneapolis, MN 5-5343-9108, USA; Issue Info: Mar2001, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p103; Thesaurus Term: Meat; Thesaurus Term: Mutation (Biology); Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Mutagenicity testing; Subject Term: Intestinal cancer; Subject Term: Mice; Subject Term: Heterozygosity; Subject Term: Mutagenesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311613 Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424470 Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 445210 Meat Markets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413160 Red meat and meat product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solaiman, Daniel
AU  - Jonah, Margaret M.
AU  - Miyazaki, Wesley
AU  - Ho, Gloria
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Maryka H.
T1  - Increased Metallothionein in Mouse Liver, Kidneys, and Duodenum during Lactation.
JO  - Toxicological Sciences
JF  - Toxicological Sciences
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
EP  - 192
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10966080
AB  - Lactation-induced increases in cadmium absorption and retention have been demonstrated in mid-lactating mice, but no systematic measurements of endogenous metal-binding protein concentrations during lactation have been reported. Using Cd/hemoglobin radioassay, this study detected significant increases in metallothionein (MT) concentrations in liver (4-fold), kidneys (2-fold), and duodenum (2-fold), but not jejunum, of mouse dams on days 13 and 20 of lactation. These increases occurred in the absence of cadmium exposure and were specific to the lactation period; dams 5 days after weaning showed MT levels that were similar to those of nonpregnant (NP) mice. Similarly, Northern blot analyses of livers from lactating mice demonstrated that MT mRNA concentrations in maternal liver during mid-lactation were 6-fold higher than those observed 5 days after pups were weaned. Gel filtration of final supernatants from the Cd/hemoglobin assay confirmed that the Cd-binding molecule induced during lactation was indeed metallothionein. In addition, chromatographic analyses of cytosols from tissues taken from dams administered small amounts of Cd (66 ng/mouse) showed that the trace amounts of Cd absorbed through the maternal gastrointestinal tract during mid-lactation were also bound to the MT. These results indicate MT induction in mouse dams occurs as a physiological consequence of lactation, requiring no external stimulus. This induced MT participates in binding low levels of dietary cadmium consumed by the dam. During lactation, elevated maternal MT may affect pathways for essential trace metals as well as sequester toxic metals harmful to the neonate. Multiparous humans may have increased risk of accumulating environmental Cd. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicological Sciences is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Metallothionein
KW  - Mice as laboratory animals
KW  - Pregnancy in animals
KW  - Molecules
KW  - cadmium exposure
KW  - duodenum
KW  - environmental cadmium
KW  - kidneys
KW  - lactation
KW  - liver
KW  - metallothionein
KW  - mouse
N1  - Accession Number: 44406109; Solaiman, Daniel 1,2; Jonah, Margaret M. 2; Miyazaki, Wesley 2; Ho, Gloria 2; Bhattacharyya, Maryka H. 2; Email Address: mhbhatt@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Eastern Regional Research Center, ARS U.S. Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19118; 2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: Mar2001, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p184; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Metallothionein; Subject Term: Mice as laboratory animals; Subject Term: Pregnancy in animals; Subject Term: Molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: cadmium exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: duodenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental cadmium; Author-Supplied Keyword: kidneys; Author-Supplied Keyword: lactation; Author-Supplied Keyword: liver; Author-Supplied Keyword: metallothionein; Author-Supplied Keyword: mouse; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Entry, James A.
AU  - Watrud, Lidia S.
AU  - Reeves, Mark
T1  - Influence of Organic Amendments on the Accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr from Contaminated Soil by Three Grass Species.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/03//
VL  - 126
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 398
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum), johnson grass (Sorghum halpense) and switchgrass (Panicum virginatum) were compared for their ability to accumulate 137Cs and 90Sr from three different contaminated soils in the presence and absence of either sphagnum peat or poultry litter amendments. Above-ground plant biomass did not differ between plants that were not exposed to these radionuclides and those that were exposed to soil containing 137Cs or 90Sr. After three harvests, bahia, johnson and switchgrass plants accumulated from 17.2 to 67.3% of the 137Cs and from 25.1 to 61.7% of the 90Sr added to the soil. Poultry litter and peat moss amendments increased aboveground plant biomass, activity of 137Cs or 90Sr in plant tissue, % accumulation of 137Cs or 90Sr from soil and the plant bioconcentration ratio at each harvest compared to the control (no amendment) treatment. The greatest increases in plant biomass, and radionuclide accumulation were observed with poultry litter for each of the three grass species. Johnson grass had greater aboveground plant biomass, activity of 137Cs and 90Sr in plant tissue, % accumulation of 137Cs or 90Sr from soil and bioconcentration ratio in each soil amendment, at each harvest compared to bahia and switchgrass. The greatest accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr was measured in johnson grass grown in soil that was amended with poultry litter. These results suggest that plant species selection and agronomic practices may need to be considered to maximize phytoremediation of radionuclide contaminated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Grasses
KW  - Peat mosses
KW  - Plant litter
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Plants
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - 137Cs
KW  - 90Sr.
KW  - johnson grass
KW  - organic matter
KW  - phytoremediation
KW  - poultry litter
N1  - Accession Number: 16603113; Entry, James A. 1; Email Address: jentry@kimberly.ars.pn.usbr.gov; Watrud, Lidia S. 2; Reeves, Mark 3; Affiliations: 1: USDA Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Irrigation and Soil Research Laboratory, Kimberly, Idaho, U.S.A. (author for correspondence, e-mail: ; fax: 334 4236555); 2: Terrestrial Ecology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Mar2001, Vol. 126 Issue 3/4, p385; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Grasses; Thesaurus Term: Peat mosses; Thesaurus Term: Plant litter; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Plants; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: 137Cs; Author-Supplied Keyword: 90Sr.; Author-Supplied Keyword: johnson grass; Author-Supplied Keyword: organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: poultry litter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111940 Hay Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 113210 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212397 Peat extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jager, Henriette I.
AU  - Chandler, James A.
AU  - Lepla, Kenneth B.
AU  - Van Winkle, Webb
T1  - A Theoretical Study of River Fragmentation by Dams and its Effects on White Sturgeon Populations.
JO  - Environmental Biology of Fishes
JF  - Environmental Biology of Fishes
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 361
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 03781909
AB  - Most of the world's large rivers are fragmented by dams. Fragmentation of the river ecosystem alters migration patterns among fish populations and converts free-flowing river to reservoir habitat. In this study, we used an individual-based genetic metapopulation model to study the effects of fragmentation on the population viability and genetic diversity of a large-river fish, the white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus. In the first of two simulation experiments, we fragmented a 200 km river reach by building 1 to 20 virtual dams. Increased fragmentation produced an exponential decline in the likelihood of persistence, but no extinction threshold to suggest a minimum viable length of river. Compounding isolation with the loss of free-flowing habitat did not further reduce viability until free-flowing habitat was nearly eliminated, at which point extinction was certain. Genetic diversity within (among) populations decreased (increased) as we ‘built’ the first several dams. Adding more dams caused the number of persisting populations to decline and eroded genetic diversity within and among populations. Our second simulation experiment evaluated the effects of different levels of upstream and downstream migration between river segments. The results of these migration experiments highlighted the importance of balanced migration rates. We found that extinction risk was high for populations linked by high downstream, and low upstream, migration rates, as is often the case in impounded rivers. Our results support the view that migration patterns will play a significant role in determining the viability of riverine fishes, such as the white sturgeon, in river ecosystems fragmented by dams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Biology of Fishes is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - White sturgeon
KW  - Dams
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Ecological disturbances
KW  - Animals -- Population biology
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Acipenser transmontanus
KW  - genetic diversity
KW  - impoundment
KW  - individual-based metapopulation model
KW  - large river
KW  - migration
KW  - population viability analysis
KW  - reservoir
N1  - Accession Number: 15605860; Jager, Henriette I. 1; Email Address: jagerhi@ornl.gov; Chandler, James A. 2; Lepla, Kenneth B. 2; Van Winkle, Webb 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, U.S.A. (E-mail: ); 2: Aquatic Section, Environmental Affairs, Idaho Power Co., Boise, ID 83702, U.S.A.; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (retired), 5163 N. Backwater Ave., Boise, ID 83703, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Apr2001, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p347; Thesaurus Term: White sturgeon; Thesaurus Term: Dams; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Ecological disturbances; Thesaurus Term: Animals -- Population biology; Thesaurus Term: Genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acipenser transmontanus; Author-Supplied Keyword: genetic diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: impoundment; Author-Supplied Keyword: individual-based metapopulation model; Author-Supplied Keyword: large river; Author-Supplied Keyword: migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: population viability analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: reservoir; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lytle, Cory A.
AU  - Gan, Ying Dong M.
AU  - Salone, Kimberely
AU  - White, David C.
T1  - Sensitive characterization of microbial ubiquinones from biofilms by electrospray/mass spectrometry.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
EP  - 272
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - Utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray/tandem mass spectrometric analysis of the neutral lipid extract of microbial cells and biofilm communities, respiratory ubiquinone (UQ) (1-methyl-2-isoprenyl-3,4-dimethoxyparabenzoquinone) isoprenologues can be separated isocratically in minutes and assayed with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 9 p.p.b. (11.1 fmol UQ9 µL-1). This corresponds to about 1.29 × 107 cells of Pseudomonas putida. Highest sensitivity is achieved using flow-injection analysis with multiple reaction monitoring wherein ammoniated molecular ions of specific isoprenologues pass through quadrupole one, are collisionally dissociated in quadrupole two and identified from the product ion fragment at m/z 197.1 in quadrupole three. This assay has a repeatability of between 6% and 10% over three orders of magnitude (r2 = 0.996). Quinone profiling based on dominant isoprenologue patterns provides taxonomic insights. Detection of prominent UQ isoprenologues indicates presence of microeukaryotes and α Proteobacteria with UQ10, obligatory aerobic Gram-negative bacteria with UQ4-14, facultative Gram-negative (and some γ Proteobacteria growing in microniches with oxygen or to a much lesser extent nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor with UQ8, and other γ Proteobacteria with UQ9. High sensitivity is essential as the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) to UQ molar ratios are 130 or greater. Previous studies have established that recovery of sediment communities with high PLFA/UQ ratios corresponded to areas of aerobic metabolism, an important consideration in bioremediation or nuclide mobilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biofilms
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Ubiquinones
KW  - Lipids
N1  - Accession Number: 4535193; Lytle, Cory A. 1; Gan, Ying Dong M. 1; Salone, Kimberely 1; White, David C. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Institute for Applied Microbiology, University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Drive, Suite 300, Knoxville, TN 37932-2575, USA.; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37983, USA.; Issue Info: Apr2001, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p265; Thesaurus Term: Biofilms; Thesaurus Term: Mass spectrometry; Subject Term: Ubiquinones; Subject Term: Lipids; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2001.00188.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naumburg, E.
AU  - Ellsworth, D. S.
AU  - Pearcy, R. W.
T1  - Crown carbon gain and elevated [CO2] responses of understorey saplings with differing allometry and architecture.
JO  - Functional Ecology
JF  - Functional Ecology
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 273
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02698463
AB  - Abstract 1. Attempts at determining the physiological basis of species’ differences, such as the ability to grow in deep shade, have been of limited success. However, this basis is fundamental to predicting species’ responses to rising atmospheric CO2 in the forest understorey. We linked a leaf photosynthesis and a tree architecture model to predict the effects of dynamic and steady state photosynthetic characteristics, crown architecture and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) on crown-level carbon gain (Acrown). Twenty-four-h Acrown was modelled for shade-tolerant Acer rubrum and shade-intolerant Liriodendron tulipifera saplings growing for three years in a forest understorey under ambient and elevated [CO2] in free-air CO2 enrichment. 2. Two factors best explained Acrown in ambient [CO2]: tree light environment and sapling allometry. Microsite light environment influenced carbon gain via daily photosynthetic photon flux (PFD), average diffuse PFD and sunfleck characteristics. Species differences in specific leaf area (SLA) and size-related biomass allocation to leaves affected the effective leaf area and hence Acrown. 3. At a common above-ground biomass, small saplings (100 g above-ground dry mass) of L. tulipifera had higher Acrown than A. rubrum samples due to larger SLA and greater biomass allocation to leaves. Larger saplings of the two species had similar Acrown due to greater carbon allocation to leaves with increasing plant size in A. rubrum vs L. tulipifera. For saplings > 800 g, Acrown was greater in A. rubrum than in L. tulipifera. Enhancement of Acrown by elevated [CO2] on sunny days was similar for both species. 4. Overall, though the shade-tolerant species had lower Acrown than the shade-intolerant species at a common small size, our results indicate that the relative performance of these species can reverse at larger sizes due to allocational differences. These results suggest that elevated [CO2] may accelerate competition for light between A. rubrum and L. tulipifera as these species grow larger in the understorey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Functional Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Understory plants
KW  - Analytical chemistry
KW  - Allometry in plants
KW  - Acer rubrum
KW  - daily photosynthesis model
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - shade tolerance
KW  - sunflecks
N1  - Accession Number: 5609141; Naumburg, E. 1; Ellsworth, D. S. 1,2; Pearcy, R. W. 3; Affiliations: 1: Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0328, USA,; 2: Department of Environmental Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA, and; 3: Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Ecology and Evolution, University of California at Davis, CA 95616, USA; Issue Info: Apr2001, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p263; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Thesaurus Term: Understory plants; Thesaurus Term: Analytical chemistry; Subject Term: Allometry in plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer rubrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: daily photosynthesis model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liriodendron tulipifera; Author-Supplied Keyword: shade tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: sunflecks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2001.00518.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kyriakidis, Phaedon C.
AU  - Miller, Norman L.
AU  - Kim, Jinwon
T1  - Uncertainty Propagation of Regional Climate Model Precipitation Forecasts to Hydrologic Impact Assessment.
JO  - Journal of Hydrometeorology
JF  - Journal of Hydrometeorology
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
EP  - 160
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 1525755X
AB  - A Monte Carlo framework is adopted for propagating uncertainty in dynamically downscaled seasonal forecasts of area-averaged daily precipitation to associated streamflow response calculations. Daily precipitation is modeled as a mixture of two stochastic processes: a binary occurrence process and a continuous intensity process, both exhibiting serial correlation. The parameters of these processes (e.g., the proportion of wet days and the average wet-day precipitation intensity in a month) are derived from the forecast record. Parameter uncertainty is characterized via an empirical Bayesian model, whereby such parameters are modeled as random with a specific joint probability distribution. The hyperparameters specifying this probability distribution are derived from historical precipitation records at the study basin. Simulated parameter values are then generated using the Bayesian model, leading to alternative synthetic daily precipitation records simulated via the stochastic precipitation model. The set of such synthetic precipitation records is finally input to a physically based deterministic hydrologic model for propagating uncertainty in forecasted precipitation to hydrologic impact assessment studies. The stochastic simulation approach is applied for generating an ensemble (set) of synthetic area-averaged daily precipitation records at the Hopland basin in the northern California Coast Range for the winter months (December through February: DJF) of 1997/98. The parameters of the stochastic precipitation model are derived from a seasonal precipitation forecast based on the Regional Climate System Model (RCSM), available at a 36-km² grid spacing. The large-scale forcing input to RCSM for dynamical downscaling was a seasonal prediction of the University of California, Los Angeles, Atmospheric General Circulation Model. A semidistributed deterministic hydrologic model ("TOPMODEL") is then used for calculating the streamflow response for each member of the area-averaged precipitation ensemble set. Uncertainty in the parameters of the stochastic precipitation model is finally propagated to associated streamflow response, by considering parameter values derived from historical (DJF 1958-92) area-averaged precipitation records at Hopland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrometeorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Weather forecasting
KW  - Geophysical prediction
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Stochastic processes
KW  - Distribution (Probability theory)
N1  - Accession Number: 18632631; Kyriakidis, Phaedon C. 1,2; Email Address: phaedon@geog.ucsb.edu; Miller, Norman L. 1; Kim, Jinwon 1; Affiliations: 1: Regional Climate Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2: Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California.; Issue Info: Apr2001, Vol. 2 Issue 2, p140; Thesaurus Term: Weather forecasting; Thesaurus Term: Geophysical prediction; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Subject Term: Stochastic processes; Subject Term: Distribution (Probability theory); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541990 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hansen, Anthony D.A.
AU  - Lowenthal, Douglas H.
AU  - Chow, Judith C.
AU  - Watson, John G.
T1  - Black Carbon Aerosol at McMurdo Station, Antarctica.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 600
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Aerosol light absorption as black carbon (BC) was measured from November 19, 1995, to February 6, 1996, at a location 0.65 km downwind of the center of McMurdo Station on the Antarctic coast. The results show a bimodal frequency distribution of BC concentrations. Approximately 65% of the measurements were found in a mode at a low range of concentrations centered at ∼20 ng/m³. These concentrations are higher than those found at other remote Antarctic locations and probably represent contamination from the station. The remaining measurements were in a high-concentration mode (BC ∼300 ng/m³), indicating direct impact of local emissions from combustion activities at the station. High values of BC were associated with winds from the direction of the station, and the BC flux showed a clear directionality. Maximum BC concentrations occurred between 7:00 and 11:00 a.m. The "polluted" mode accounted for more than 80% of the BC frequency-weighted impact at this location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution -- Research
KW  - Air analysis
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Carbon-black
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Antarctica
N1  - Accession Number: 12152509; Hansen, Anthony D.A. 1; Lowenthal, Douglas H. 2; Chow, Judith C. 2; Watson, John G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2: Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; Issue Info: Apr2001, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p593; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution -- Research; Thesaurus Term: Air analysis; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Carbon-black; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Subject: Antarctica; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Cotrufo, M. Francesca
AU  - Ineson, Philip
AU  - O'Neill, Elizabeth G.
AU  - Canadell, Josep G.
T1  - Elevated CO2, litter chemistry, and decomposition: a synthesis.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 127
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 165
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - The results of published and unpublished experiments investigating the impacts of elevated [CO2] on the chemistry of leaf litter and decomposition of plant tissues are summarized. The data do not support the hypothesis that changes in leaf litter chemistry often associated with growing plants under elevated [CO2] have an impact on decomposition processes. A meta-analysis of data from naturally senesced leaves in field experiments showed that the nitrogen (N) concentration in leaf litter was 7.1% lower in elevated [CO2] compared to that in ambient [CO2]. This statistically significant difference was: (1) usually not significant in individual experiments, (2) much less than that often observed in green leaves, and (3) less in leaves with an N concentration indicative of complete N resorption. Under ideal conditions, the efficiency with which N is resorbed during leaf senescence was found not to be altered by CO2 enrichment, but other environmental influences on resorption inevitably increase the variability in litter N concentration. Nevertheless, the small but consistent decline in leaf litter N concentration in many experiments, coupled with a 6.5% increase in lignin concentration, would be predicted to result in a slower decomposition rate in CO2-enriched litter. However, across the assembled data base, neither mass loss nor respiration rates from litter produced in elevated [CO2] showed any consistent pattern or differences from litter grown in ambient [CO2]. The effects of [CO2] on litter chemistry or decomposition were usually smallest under experimental conditions similar to natural field conditions, including open-field exposure, plants free-rooted in the ground, and complete senescence. It is concluded that any changes in decomposition rates resulting from exposure of plants to elevated [CO2] are small when compared to other potential impacts of elevated [CO2] on carbon and N cycling. Reasons for experimental differences are considered, and recommendations for the design and execution of decomposition experiments using materials from CO2-enrichment experiments are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Wood -- Chemistry
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Biology
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Lignins
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Meta-analysis
KW  - Decomposition
KW  - Elevated atmospheric CO2
KW  - Lignin
KW  - Litter quality
N1  - Accession Number: 15687131; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov; Cotrufo, M. Francesca 2; Ineson, Philip 3; O'Neill, Elizabeth G. 1; Canadell, Josep G. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 1059, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422 USA; 2: Facoltá di Scienze Ambientali, II Universitá di Napoli, via Arena 22, 81100 Caserta, Italy; 3: Department of Biology, University of York, PO Box 373, York, YO10 5YW UK; 4: GCTE International Project Office, CSIRO Wildlife and Ecology, PO Box 284, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia; Issue Info: Apr2001, Vol. 127 Issue 2, p153; Thesaurus Term: Wood -- Chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Biology; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Lignins; Subject Term: Biochemistry; Subject Term: Meta-analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elevated atmospheric CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lignin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Litter quality; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s004420000615
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, R.A.
AU  - Suter II, G.W.
AU  - Rose, W.H.
AU  - Nemeth, S.
T1  - Ecological Risk Assessment Framework for Low-Altitude Aircraft Overflights: I. Planning the Analysis and Estimating Exposure.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 262
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - An ecological risk assessment framework for low-altitude aircraft overflights was developed, with special emphasis on military applications. The problem formulation and exposure analysis phases are presented in this article; an analysis of effects and risk characterization is presented in a companion article. The intent of this article is threefold: (1) to illustrate the development of a generic framework for the ecological risk assessment of an activity, (2) to show how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ecological risk assessment paradigm can be applied to an activity other than the release of a chemical, and (3) to provide guidance for the assessment of ecological risks from low-altitude aircraft overflights. The key stressor for low-altitude aircraft overflights is usually sound, although visual and physical (collision) stressors may also be significant. Susceptible and regulated wildlife populations are the major assessment endpoint entities, although plant communities may be impacted by takeoffs and landings. The exposure analysis utilizes measurements of wildlife locations, measurements of sound levels at the wildlife locations, measurements of slant distances from aircraft to wildlife, models that extrapolate sound from the source aircraft to the ground, and bird-strike probability models. Some of the challenges to conducting a risk assessment for aircraft overflights include prioritizing potential stressors and endpoints, choosing exposure metrics that relate to wildlife responses, obtaining good estimates of sound or distance, and estimating wildlife locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Aircraft
KW  - military
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - United States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 6734004; Efroymson, R.A. 1; Suter II, G.W. 2; Rose, W.H. 3; Nemeth, S. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge; 2: National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati; 3: U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign; Issue Info: Apr2001, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p251; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aircraft; Author-Supplied Keyword: military; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk assessment ; Company/Entity: United States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
AU  - Winter, C.L.
T1  - DYNAMICS OF FREE SURFACES IN RANDOM POROUS MEDIA.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 61
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1857
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - We consider free surface flow in random porous media by treating hydraulic conductivity of a medium as a random field with known statistics. We start by recasting the boundary-value problem in the form of an integral equation where the parameters and domain of integration are random. Our analysis of this equation consists of expanding the random integrals in Taylor's series about the mean position of the free boundary and taking the ensemble mean. To quantify the uncertainty associated with such predictions, we also develop a set of integro-differential equations satisfied by the corresponding second ensemble moments. The resulting moment equations require closure approximations to be workable. We derive such closures by means of perturbation expansions in powers of the variance of the logarithm of hydraulic conductivity. Though this formally limits our solutions to mildly heterogeneous porous media, our analytical solutions for one-dimensional flows demonstrate that such perturbation expansions may remain robust for relatively large values of the variance of the logarithm of hydraulic conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - INTEGRALS
KW  - TAYLOR'S series
N1  - Accession Number: 10457596; Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 1; Email Address: dmt@lanl.gov Winter, C.L. 2; Email Address: winter@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 61 Issue 6, p1857; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: INTEGRALS; Subject Term: TAYLOR'S series; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Todd, Donald E.
AU  - Amthor, Jeffrey S.
T1  - A six-year study of sapling and large-tree growth and mortality responses to natural and induced variability in precipitation and throughfall.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2001/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 358
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Global climatic change may cause changes in regional precipitation that have important implications for forest growth in the southern United States. In 1993, a stand-level experiment was initiated on Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee, to study the sensitivity of forest saplings and large trees to changes in soil water content. Soil water content was manipulated by gravity-driven transfer of precipitation throughfall from a dry treatment plot (−33%) to a wet treatment plot (+33%). A control plot was included. Each plot was 6400 m2. Measurements of stem diameter and observations of mortality were made on large trees and saplings of Acer rubrum L., Cornus florida L., Liriodendron tulipifera L., Nyssa sylvatica Marsh, Quercus alba L. and Quercus prinus L. every 2 weeks during six growing seasons. Saplings of C. florida and A. rubrum grew faster and mortality was less on the wet plot compared with the dry and control plots, through 6 years of soil water manipulation. Conversely, diameter growth of large trees was unaffected by the treatments. However, tree diameter growth averaged across treatments was affected by year-to-year changes in soil water status. Growth in wet years was as much as 2–3 times greater than in dry years. Relationships between tree growth, phenology and soil water potential were consistent among species and quantitative expressions were developed for application in models. These field growth data indicate that differences in seasonal patterns of rainfall within and between years have greater impacts on growth than percentage changes in rainfall applied to all rainfall events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Throughfall
KW  - Plant mortality
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
KW  - Flowering dogwood
KW  - Acer rubrum
KW  - climate change
KW  - Cornus florida
KW  - drought
KW  - Nyssa sylvatica
KW  - phenology
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - Quercus prinus
KW  - soil water
N1  - Accession Number: 80057420; Hanson, Paul J. 1; Todd, Donald E. 1; Amthor, Jeffrey S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: 2001, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p345; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Throughfall; Subject Term: Plant mortality; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; Subject Term: Flowering dogwood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer rubrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cornus florida; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nyssa sylvatica; Author-Supplied Keyword: phenology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus prinus; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil water; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belge, G.
AU  - Rippe, V.
AU  - Meiboom, M.
AU  - Drieschner, N.
AU  - Garcia, E.
AU  - Bullerdiek, J.
T1  - Delineation of a 150-kb breakpoint cluster in benign thyroid tumors with 19q13.4 aberrations.
JO  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
JF  - Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics
Y1  - 2001/04/15/
VL  - 93
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
EP  - 51
SN  - 03010171
AB  - Structural rearrangements involving the long arm of chromosome 19 characterize a cytogenetic subgroup of benign thyroid tumors and constitute one of the most frequent specific chromosome abnormalities in epithelial tumors. Recently, we have been able to narrow down the breakpoint region affected in two cell lines to a region covered by a single PAC clone. Close to that region a candidate gene has been identified which we tentatively referred to as RITA (Rearranged In Thyroid Adenomas) now named ZNF331 according to HUGO nomenclature. However, the results had been obtained on two cell lines only making it necessary to extend the studies to a larger number of tumors including primary material. Herein, we have used four further primary tumors showing translocations involving 19q13 for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping studies using a variety of molecular probes from a 470-kbp cosmid/BAC contig. Ten new STSs were characterized and physically mapped within an Eco RI restriction map. The results enabled us to define an approximately 150-kbp breakpoint cluster region of the 19q13 aberrations in benign thyroid tumors flanked by two newly established STS markers. Copyright © 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cytogenetics & Cell Genetics is the property of Karger AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - CYTOGENETICS
KW  - CHROMOSOME abnormalities
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12184966; Belge, G. 1 Rippe, V. 1 Meiboom, M. 1 Drieschner, N. 1 Garcia, E. 2 Bullerdiek, J. 1; Email Address: bullerd@uni-bremen.de; Affiliation:  1: Center for Human Genetics and Genetic Counseling, University of Bremen, Bremen (Germany).  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California (USA).; Source Info: Apr2001, Vol. 93 Issue 1/2, p48; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: CYTOGENETICS; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME abnormalities; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000056947
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cisale, H. O.
AU  - Fischman, M. L.
AU  - Blasi, C. D.
AU  - Fernandez, H. A.
AU  - Gledhill, B. L.
T1  - Enrichment of high-quality spermatozoa in bovine semen: relative effectiveness of three filtration matrixes.
JO  - Andrologia
JF  - Andrologia
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
EP  - 150
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 03034569
AB  - Summary. To be practical, any method for improving bull semen must yield a large quantity of motile spermatozoa. Some separation methods based on physical properties, e.g. filtration, chromatography, centrifugation, washing and pooling, have been reported as satisfactory, but generally are not repeatable. Nevertheless, filtration methods appear to allow the attainment of an acceptable number of spermatozoa, thus allowing such a technique to be introduced in the production of standard bovine semen doses for artificial insemination. The aim of this work was to evaluate systematically the relative effects of three filtration matrixes (silica oxide, glass beads or Sephadexä™) on the improvement of whole ejaculate quality. Analysis of the type of matrix and the volume and height of the filtration column was performed. The only characteristic of the columns that appears to influence ejaculate quality after filtering is the matrix volume. While all matrixes produced improvement of semen quality, SephadexTM was better than the other matrixes tested. An explanation for the mechanism of column filtration is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Andrologia is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMEN
KW  - SPERM motility
KW  - MEMBRANE separation
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - CENTRIFUGATION
KW  - HEALTH
KW  - Bull
KW  - column filtration
KW  - semen quality
N1  - Accession Number: 4591277; Cisale, H. O. 1 Fischman, M. L. 1 Blasi, C. D. 1 Fernandez, H. A. 1 Gledhill, B. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratorio de Espermatología, Area Física Biológica, Facultad Cs. Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina;  2: Biology & Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, and Bio-Link, National ATE Center for Biotechnology Education, City College of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p143; Subject Term: SEMEN; Subject Term: SPERM motility; Subject Term: MEMBRANE separation; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: CENTRIFUGATION; Subject Term: HEALTH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bull; Author-Supplied Keyword: column filtration; Author-Supplied Keyword: semen quality; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1439-0272.2001.00413.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zalk, D. M.
T1  - Grassroots ergonomics: initiating an ergonomics program utilizing participatory techniques.
JO  - Annals of Occupational Hygiene
JF  - Annals of Occupational Hygiene
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
EP  - 289
SN  - 00034878
AB  - The introduction of ergonomics programs throughout the world requires an easy to understand and inexpensive process. Participatory ergonomic intervention techniques have proven to be beneficial in the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. The participatory approach to ergonomics has also been found to be a useful application within industrialized (developed) countries and industrially developing countries (IDCs). Grassroots Ergonomics principles utilize expertise within a workforce that focuses on participatory ergonomics interpretations of quantitative and qualitative risk and exposure assessment information that in turn results in a peer-developed ergonomics training. Regardless of the intricacy of the exposure assessment tools, workers should fully assist in gathering and analyzing data, then in identifying and implementing solutions. A coordinated and multidisciplinary application of this approach within IDCs would succeed in the creation and sharing of job-specific ergonomics training information for high physical exposure professions, such as agriculture, fishing, forestry, mining, and small-scale enterprises, to initiate ergonomics programs regionally. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Occupational Hygiene is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISEASES
KW  - Bioengineering
KW  - Biotechnology
KW  - Industrialization
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Ergonomics
KW  - Musculoskeletal system
KW  - Quantitative research
KW  - Qualitative research
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - developing countries
KW  - ergonomics
KW  - exposure assessment
KW  - musculoskeletal disorders
KW  - participatory ergonomics
KW  - program
KW  - psychological
KW  - risk factors
KW  - training
N1  - Accession Number: 44400127; Zalk, D. M. 1; Email Address: zalk1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Hazards Control Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Issue Info: May2001, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p283; Thesaurus Term: DISEASES; Thesaurus Term: Bioengineering; Thesaurus Term: Biotechnology; Thesaurus Term: Industrialization; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Ergonomics; Subject Term: Musculoskeletal system; Subject Term: Quantitative research; Subject Term: Qualitative research; Subject Term: Developing countries; Author-Supplied Keyword: developing countries; Author-Supplied Keyword: ergonomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: musculoskeletal disorders; Author-Supplied Keyword: participatory ergonomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: program; Author-Supplied Keyword: psychological; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: training; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, James S.
AU  - Foote, Ken
AU  - McClean, Michael
AU  - Cogbill, Graham
T1  - Beryllium Exposure Control Program at the Cardiff Atomic Weapons Establishment in the United Kingdom.
JO  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 619
EP  - 630
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1047322X
AB  - The Cardiff Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) plant, located in Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom, used metallic beryllium in their beryllium facility during the years of operation 1961-1997. The beryllium production processes included melting and casting, powder production, pressing, machining, and heat and surface treatments. As part of Cardiff's industrial hygiene program, extensive area measurements and personal lapel measurements of airborne beryllium concentrations were collected for Cardiff workers over the 36-year period of operation. In addition to extensive air monitoring, the beryllium control program also utilized surface contamination controls, building design, engineering controls, worker controls, material controls, and medical surveillance. The electronic database includes 367,757 area sampling records at 101 locations and 217,681 personal lapel sampling records collected from 194 employees over the period 1981-1997. Similar workplace samples were collected from 1961 to 1980, but they were not analyzed because they were not available electronically.Annual personal mean sampling concentrations for all workers ranged from 0.11 to 0.72 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m[sup 3]) with 95th percentiles ranging from 0.22 to 1.89 μg/m[sup 3]; foundry workers worked in the highest concentration areas with a mean of 0.87 μg/m[sup 3] and a 95th percentile of 2.9 μg/m[sup 3]. Area sampling concentrations, as expected, were lower than personal sampling concentrations. Mean annual area sample concentrations for all locations ranged from 0.02 to 0.32 μg/m[sup 3]. The area sample 95th percentile concentrations for all years were below 0.5 μg/m[sup 3]. For the overwhelming majority of samples, airborne beryllium concentrations were below the 2.0 μg/m[sup 3] standard. Although blood lymphocyte testing for beryllium sensitization has not been routinely conducted among these workers, this metal beryllium processing facility is the only large scale beryllium facility of its kind to have experienced only one unique a case of clinical chronic beryllium disease (CBD) ascertained by traditional medical monitoring procedures. The treating physician determined that this lung disease was likely caused by a systems reaction resulting from a mound contaminated with beryllium. However,he could not rule out the potential for inhalation exposure. Over the 17 years of measurement data analyzed, on occasion, airborne beryllium concentrations have exceeded 2.0 μg/m[sup 3]; however, the Cardiff experience demonstrates that strict and consistent adherence to exposure control measures that emphasized airborne and surface levels and appropriate engineering controls, work practices, and use of personal protective equipment appears to have successfully prevented the incidence of clinical CBD with the exception of one unique case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Hygiene
KW  - Atomic weapons
KW  - Chronic beryllium disease
KW  - Engineering controls
KW  - Industrial hygiene
N1  - Accession Number: 5171731; Johnson, James S. 1; Foote, Ken 1; McClean, Michael 2; Cogbill, Graham 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; 2: Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 3: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Cardiff Facility, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom; Issue Info: May2001, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p619; Thesaurus Term: Beryllium; Subject Term: Hygiene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic weapons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronic beryllium disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Engineering controls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Industrial hygiene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/104732201750169750
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shank, Brian B.
AU  - Wiley, H. S.
AU  - Kurten, Richard C.
T1  - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Human Gene for Sorting Nexin 1 (SNX1).
JO  - DNA & Cell Biology
JF  - DNA & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 296
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
SN  - 10445498
AB  - The aim of the present study was to identify the gene for sorting nexin 1 (SNX1) to evaluate the potential for tissue-specific alternative splicing and to analyze the activity of the SNX1 promoter. The coding DNA for SNX1 was divided between 15 exons in 43 kb of genomic DNA located on human chromosome 15q22. Although SNX1 mRNA expression was widespread in human tissues, alternative splicing is thought to generate skipped exons in SNX1 cDNAs. By determination of the SNX1 gene structure and an analysis of the mRNAs in a variety of tissues using RT-PCR, we demonstrated that SNX1 mRNAs are alternatively spliced. Exon-skipped products were less abundant than full-length SNX1 mRNA species, but the ratio of skipped to full-length mRNA indicated that alternative splicing may be developmentally regulated in the liver. Consistent with widespread mRNA expression, the SNX1 promoter was GC rich and lacked a TATA box, features characteristic of housekeeping promoters. The promoter activity was dependent on the presence of proximal sequences that contained initiator elements and predicted binding sites for the transcription factors Sp1 and E2F. These findings indicate that regulation of SNX1 gene expression at the transcriptional level is likely minor. Rather, developmentally specific exon skipping provides a potential mechanism for regulating the activity of SNX1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of DNA & Cell Biology is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - PROMOTERS (Genetics)
N1  - Accession Number: 5322842; Shank, Brian B. 1 Wiley, H. S. 2 Kurten, Richard C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Arkansas Cancer Research Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas  2: Environmental and Health Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p287; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: PROMOTERS (Genetics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1089/104454901750232481
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arjun M. Heimsath
AU  - William E. Dietrich
AU  - Kunihiko Nishiizumi
AU  - Robert C. Finkel
T1  - Stochastic processes of soil production and transport: erosion rates, topographic variation and cosmogenic nuclides in the Oregon Coast Range.
JO  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
JF  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 26
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 552
SN  - 01979337
AB  - Landscapes in areas of active uplift and erosion can only remain soil-mantled if the local production of soil equals or exceeds the local erosion rate. The soil production rate varies with soil depth, hence local variation in soil depth may provide clues about spatial variation in erosion rates. If uplift and the consequent erosion rates are sufficiently uniform in space and time, then there will be tendency toward equilibrium landforms shaped by the erosional processes. Soil mantle thickness would adjust such that soil production matched the erosion. Previous work in the Oregon Coast Range suggested that there may be a tendency locally toward equilibrium between hillslope erosion and sediment yield. Here results from a new methodology based on cosmogenic radionuclide accumulation in bedrock minerals at the base of the soil column are reported. We quantify how soil production varies with soil thickness in the southern Oregon Coast Range and explore further the issue of landscape equilibrium. Apparent soil production is determined to be an inverse exponential function of soil depth, with a maximum inferred production rate of 268 m Ma−1 occurring under zero soil depth. This rate depends, however, on the degree of weathering of the underlying bedrock. The stochastic and large-scale nature of soil production by biogenic processes leads to large temporal and spatial variations in soil depth; the spatial variation of soil depth neither supports nor rejects equilibrium morphology. Our observed catchment-averaged erosion rate of 117 m Ma−1 is, however, similar to that estimated for the region by others, and to soil production rates under thin and intermediate soils typical for the steep ridges. We suggest that portions of the Oregon Coast Range may be eroding at roughly the same rate, but that local competition between drainage networks and episodic erosional events leads to landforms that are out of equilibrium locally and have a spatially varying soil mantle. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Surface Processes & Landforms is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soils
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Stochastic processes
KW  - Oregon
N1  - Accession Number: 20378580; Arjun M. Heimsath 1; William E. Dietrich 2; Kunihiko Nishiizumi 3; Robert C. Finkel 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth Sciences, 6105 Fairchild Hall, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755-3571, USA; 2: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: May2001, Vol. 26 Issue 5, p531; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Erosion; Subject Term: Stochastic processes; Subject: Oregon; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - S.O. Baek
AU  - R.A. Jenkins
T1  - Performance Evaluation of Simultaneous Monitoring of Personal Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Volatile Organic Compounds.
JO  - Indoor & Built Environment
JF  - Indoor & Built Environment
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
EP  - 208
SN  - 1420326X
AB  - AbstractThe objective of this study was to develop and demonstrate a methodology to determine human exposure to a variety of indoor air contaminants by personal monitoring. Target analytes included respirable suspended particulates, components of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A total of 60 non-smoking, non-occupational residents at homes in metropolitan Taegu, Korea, were recruited for this study. The subjects were classified into two groups, i.e. subjects living in homes with smokers and without smokers. Seasonal air samples were collected using three-channel personal samplers for each subject in two phases over a 24-hour period, i.e. awake time and sleeping time separately. Performance of sampling and analytical methods used for the simultaneous measurements of ETS and VOCs were evaluated with respect to sensitivity, repeatability and field application.Copyright © 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor & Built Environment is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Tobacco smoke pollution
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Air pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 23450343; S.O. Baek 1; R.A. Jenkins 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Civil, Urban and Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, Kyungsan, Korea; 2: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn., USA; Issue Info: May2001, Vol. 10 Issue 3/4, p200; Thesaurus Term: Indoor air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Tobacco smoke pollution; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
AU  - Neale, Anne C.
AU  - Nash, Maliha S.
AU  - Van Remortel, Rick D.
AU  - Wickham, James D.
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
T1  - Predicting nutrient and sediment loadings to streams from landscape metrics: A multiple watershed study from the United States Mid-Atlantic Region.
JO  - Landscape Ecology
JF  - Landscape Ecology
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 312
SN  - 09212973
AB  - Studies the predicting nutrient and sediment loadings to streams from landscape metrics. Health of water resources at regional and national scales; Effects of high levels of nutrient and sediment loadings on both humans and aquatic ecosystems; Differences in the nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment models.
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14001200; Jones, K. Bruce 1; Email Address: jones.bruce@epa.gov; Neale, Anne C. 1; Nash, Maliha S. 1; Van Remortel, Rick D. 2; Wickham, James D. 3; Riitters, Kurt H. 4; O'Neill, Robert V. 5; Affiliations: 1: US Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV, USA.; 2: Lockheed-Martin, Las Vegas, NV, USA.; 3: US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.; 4: US Forest Service, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.; 5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.; Issue Info: May2001, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p301; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmid, T. E.
AU  - Lowe, X.
AU  - Marchetti, F.
AU  - Bishop, J.
AU  - Haseman, J.
AU  - Wyrobek, A. J.
T1  - Evaluation of inter-scorer and inter-laboratory reliability of the mouse epididymal sperm aneuploidy (m-ESA) assay.
JO  - Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
EP  - 195
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02678357
AB  - The mouse epididymal sperm aneuploidy (mESA) assay using 3-chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was recently developed for assessing the aneugenic potential of chemicals on male germ cells. This study was designed to identify the major technical factors that affect inter-scorer and inter-laboratory variability of the mESA assay. Two laboratories participated in this study (GSF and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, LLNL). Mice (102/E1xC3HIEl) F1 were exposed in one laboratory (GSF) to vinblastine (VBL; single intraperitoneal injection of 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg/kg), one of the 10 priority compounds of the Commission of the European Communities (CEC) Aneuploidy Program. Twenty-two days later the mESA assay was applied to analyze sperm aneuploidy. In the initial evaluation, small but statistically significant differences were found between the two laboratories in baseline frequencies and there was also disagreement in the determination of a VBL aneuploid effect. Therefore, experiments were conducted to identify the sources of the inter-laboratory differences and technical factors that affected assay reliability and the VBL study was repeated. A harmonization experiment was conducted by bringing the microscope scorers from both laboratories to the same site (LLNL) for a cross-training exercise. Following this exercise, a second group of VBL-treated and control mice were evaluated, and we concluded that VBL is not a sperm aneugen. Our research has identified scoring criteria as the major source of inter-laboratory variation and emphasizes the importance of strict technical controls for the mESA assay, including controlling slide preparations for treatment-induced reductions in sperm count, coding of slides and selection of statistical tests. These considerations are particularly important for the interpretation of small effects (≤2-fold) on sperm aneuploidy. Our findings suggest that 2-fold differences in frequencies can result from differences among scorers, samples and treatment groups, and are readily within the normal variation for the mESA assay. Such small differences should be viewed with caution until independently confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mutagenesis is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aneuploidy
KW  - Chromosomes
KW  - In situ hybridization
KW  - Spermatozoa
KW  - Commission of the European Communities
N1  - Accession Number: 45358294; Schmid, T. E. 1; Lowe, X. 2; Marchetti, F. 3; Bishop, J. 4; Haseman, J. 5; Wyrobek, A. J. 3; Email Address: wyrobek1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Institut für Säugetiergenetik, GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH, Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstraβe 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.; 2: Department of Psychiatry, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94120, USA.; 3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; 4: Laboratory of Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.; 5: BioStatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.; Issue Info: May2001, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p189; Subject Term: Aneuploidy; Subject Term: Chromosomes; Subject Term: In situ hybridization; Subject Term: Spermatozoa ; Company/Entity: Commission of the European Communities; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J
AU  - Kobayashi, Kazuhiko
AU  - Kimball, Bruce A
T1  - Rising CO2 – future ecosystems.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 150
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 221
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Focuses on the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the ecosystem.  Assessment on the responses of the plants on the increase carbon dioxide; Role of human on the composition of the atmosphere and the impact on economic and social system; Primary interaction between plants and atmospheric carbon dioxide.
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC CO
KW  - ecosystems
KW  - free-air CO
KW  - modeling
KW  - scale
N1  - Accession Number: 6083329; Norby, Richard J 1 Kobayashi, Kazuhiko 2 Kimball, Bruce A 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831–6422, USA;  2: National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8604, Japan;  3: US Water Conservation Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Phoenix, Arizona 85040–8832, USA; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 150 Issue 2, p215; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATMOSPHERIC CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystems; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: scale; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00118.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=6083329&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Tali D
AU  - Tjoelker, Mark G
AU  - Ellsworth, David S
AU  - Reich, Peter B
T1  - Leaf gas exchange responses of 13 prairie grassland species to elevated CO2 and increased nitrogen supply.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 150
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
EP  - 418
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • Leaf gas exchange responses to elevated CO2 and N are presented for 13 perennial species, representing four functional groups: C3 grasses, C4 grasses, legumes, and nonleguminous forbs. Understanding how CO2 and N effects interact is important to predict plant community response to global change. • Plants were field-grown in monoculture under current ambient and elevated (560 µmol mol-1 ) CO2 concentrations (free-air CO2 enrichment), in combination with soil N treatments, for two growing seasons. • All species, regardless of functional group, showed pronounced photosynthetic acclimation to elevated CO2 , resulting in minimal stimulation of photosynthesis (A ) averaging +15% in C3 grasses, +8% in forbs, +7% in legumes and -2% in C4 grasses. The effects of CO2 and soil N supply did not interact for any leaf traits measured. Elevated CO2 consistently decreased stomatal conductance (g s ) leading to 40% increase in A /g s . • This substantial acclimation of photosynthesis was greater in magnitude than in most field studies, and was associated with the combined effects of decreased g s and decreased leaf N concentrations in response to growth under elevated CO2 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS exchange in plants
KW  - NITROGEN in soils
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - MINNESOTA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - functional groups
KW  - nitrogen availability
KW  - photosynthetic acclimation
KW  - Prairie grassland
KW  - stomatal conductance
N1  - Accession Number: 6084489; Lee, Tali D 1 Tjoelker, Mark G 2 Ellsworth, David S 3 Reich, Peter B 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Ave. N., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;  2: Department of Forest Science, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, 77843–2135, USA;  3: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 150 Issue 2, p405; Subject Term: GAS exchange in plants; Subject Term: NITROGEN in soils; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: MINNESOTA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: functional groups; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen availability; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetic acclimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prairie grassland; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00095.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=6084489&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reich, Peter B
AU  - Tilman, David
AU  - Craine, Joseph
AU  - Ellsworth, David
AU  - Tjoelker, Mark G
AU  - Knops, Jean
AU  - Wedin, David
AU  - Naeem, Shahid
AU  - Bahauddin, Dan
AU  - Goth, Jenny
AU  - Bengtson, Wendy
AU  - Lee, Tali D
T1  - Do species and functional groups differ in acquisition and use of C, N and water under varying atmospheric CO2 and N availability regimes? A field test with 16 grassland species.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 150
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
EP  - 448
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • To evaluate whether functional groups have a similar response to global change, the responses to CO2 concentration and N availability of grassland species from several functional groups are reported here. • Sixteen perennial grassland species from four trait-based functional groups (C3 grasses, C4 grasses, non-leguminous forbs, legumes) were grown in field monocultures under ambient or elevated (560 µmol mol-1 ) CO2 using free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE), in low N (unamended field soil) or high N (field soil +4 g N m-2 years-1 ) treatments. • There were no CO2 × N interactions. Functional groups responded differently to CO2 and N in terms of biomass, tissue N concentration and soil solution N. Under elevated CO2 , forbs, legumes and C3 grasses increased total biomass by 31%, 18%, and 9%, respectively, whereas biomass was reduced in C4 -grass monocultures. Two of the four legume species increased biomass and total plant N pools under elevated CO2 , probably due to stimulated N-fixation. Only one species markedly shifted the proportional distribution of below- vs aboveground biomass in response to CO2 or N. • Although functional groups varied in responses to CO2 and N, there was also substantial variation in responses among species within groups. These results suggest that current trait-based functional classifications might be useful, but not sufficient, for understanding plant and ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 and N availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT species
KW  - GLOBAL environmental change
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - MINNESOTA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - biomass
KW  - elevated carbon dioxide
KW  - Functional groups
KW  - grasses, forbs
KW  - legumes
KW  - N availability
KW  - nitrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 6084507; Reich, Peter B 1 Tilman, David 2 Craine, Joseph 3 Ellsworth, David 4 Tjoelker, Mark G 1 Knops, Jean 5 Wedin, David 6 Naeem, Shahid 7 Bahauddin, Dan 1 Goth, Jenny 1 Bengtson, Wendy 1 Lee, Tali D 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA;  2: Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA;  3: Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;  4: Department of Environmental Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA;  5: School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA;  6: School of Natural Resource Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA;  7: Department of Zoology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 150 Issue 2, p435; Subject Term: PLANT species; Subject Term: GLOBAL environmental change; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: MINNESOTA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Functional groups; Author-Supplied Keyword: grasses, forbs; Author-Supplied Keyword: legumes; Author-Supplied Keyword: N availability; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00114.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J
AU  - Todd, Donald E
AU  - Fults, Jason
AU  - Johnson, Dale W
T1  - Allometric determination of tree growth in a CO2 -enriched sweetgum stand.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 150
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
EP  - 487
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • In a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) study, above-ground growth of Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) trees was measured in a closed-canopy stand to test hypotheses about long-term effects of rising [CO2 ] in a deciduous forest. • Allometric relationships were established between above-ground dry mass and basal area, height, taper and wood density for all trees in the 314-m2 plots. Leaf area index was calculated from leaf litter mass. • In the first year of exposure, elevated [CO2 ] stimulated stand-level aboveground dry matter increment by 33%, but in the second year the growth stimulation was reduced to 15% and was no longer statistically significant. Leaf area index was not affected by CO2 enrichment in either year. • These results indicate that large trees that are no longer in an exponential growth phase retain the capacity to respond to elevated [CO2 ]. The combined 2-yr response of a 24% increase in growth per unit leaf area is consistent with predictions from earlier studies. A longer-term data set is needed to resolve the reason for different responses in the 2 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TREE growth
KW  - CARBON dioxide -- Physiological effect
KW  - allometry
KW  - Basal area increment
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - forest productivity
KW  - free-air CO
KW  - global change
KW  - Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum)
KW  - tree growth
N1  - Accession Number: 6084554; Norby, Richard J 1 Todd, Donald E 1 Fults, Jason 2 Johnson, Dale W 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831–6422, USA;  2: Berea College, Berea, Kentucky 40404, USA;  3: Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89512–0013, USA; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 150 Issue 2, p477; Subject Term: TREE growth; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide -- Physiological effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: allometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Basal area increment; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum); Author-Supplied Keyword: tree growth; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00099.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=6084554&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D
AU  - Norby, Richard J
T1  - Sap velocity and canopy transpiration in a sweetgum stand exposed to free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE).
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2001/05//
VL  - 150
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 489
EP  - 498
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • Canopy transpiration rates, as a major component of forest hydrologic budgets, are reported for 12-yr-old sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua ) trees growing in a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) study in eastern Tennessee, USA. • The compensated heat-pulse technique was used to measure rates of sap velocity, and stand transpiration was estimated as a function of measured sap velocity, total stand sapwood area and the fraction of sapwood functional in water transport. • Sap velocity averaged 13% less for trees in elevated compared with ambient CO2 concentration. Stand transpiration reached 5.6 and 4.4 mm d-1 for the ambient and elevated CO2 treatments, respectively. Stratification of the data showed that significant differences in stand transpiration were observed between ambient and elevated CO2 only at mean daily radiation levels > 400 J m-2 s-1 and at vapor pressure deficits > 1.0 kPa. • These data illustrate that while elevated CO2 may reduce canopy transpiration, the apparent dependency of such an effect on prevailing weather makes detecting a CO2 -induced impact on forest water use difficult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
KW  - PLANT canopies
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Canopy transpiration
KW  - evapotranspiration
KW  - FACE
KW  - global change
KW  - heat pulse probes
KW  - Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum)
KW  - sap velocity
KW  - water use
N1  - Accession Number: 6084564; Wullschleger, Stan D 1 Norby, Richard J 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831–6422, USA; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 150 Issue 2, p489; Subject Term: EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; Subject Term: PLANT canopies; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canopy transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat pulse probes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum); Author-Supplied Keyword: sap velocity; Author-Supplied Keyword: water use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00094.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=6084564&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Driessen, Brian J.
AU  - Sadegh, Nader
AU  - Kwok, Kwan S.
T1  - A robust line search for learning control.
JO  - International Journal of Control
JF  - International Journal of Control
Y1  - 2001/05/10/
VL  - 74
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 732
EP  - 736
SN  - 00207179
AB  - In this paper a new line search for a Newton-Raphson learning control algorithm is presented. Theorems and rigorous proofs of its increased robustness over existing line searches are provided, and numerical examples are used to further validate the theorems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Control is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ROBUST control
KW  - NEWTON-Raphson method
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
N1  - Accession Number: 4439481; Driessen, Brian J. 1 Sadegh, Nader 2 Kwok, Kwan S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Structural Dynamics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0847, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  3: Robotics Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Alburquerque, NM 87185-1003, USA; Source Info: 05/10/2001, Vol. 74 Issue 7, p732; Subject Term: ROBUST control; Subject Term: NEWTON-Raphson method; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00207170010025285
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
T1  - Post-translational modifications and activation of p53 by genotoxic stresses.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2001/05/15/
VL  - 268
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2764
EP  - 2772
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - In unstressed cells, the tumor suppressor protein p53 is present in a latent state and is maintained at low levels through targeted degradation. A variety of genotoxic stresses initiate signaling pathways that transiently stabilize the p53 protein, cause it to accumulate in the nucleus, and activate it as a transcription factor. Activation leads either to growth arrest at the G1/S or G2/M transitions of the cell cycle or to apoptosis. Recent studies point to roles for multiple post-translational modifications in mediating these events in response to genotoxic stresses through several potentially interacting but distinct pathways. The ≈ 100 amino-acid N-terminal and ≈ 90 amino-acid C-terminal domains are highly modified by post-translational modifications. The N-terminus is heavily phosphorylated while the C-terminus contains phosphorylated, acetylated and sumoylated residues. Antibodies that recognize p53 only when it has been modified at specific sites have been developed, and studies with these reagents show that most known post-translational modifications are induced when cells are exposed to genotoxic stresses. These recent results, coupled with biochemical and genetic studies, suggest that N-terminal phosphorylations are important for stabilizing p53 and are crucial for acetylation of C-terminal sites, which in combination lead to the full p53-mediated response to genotoxic stresses. Modifications to the C-terminus inhibit the ability of this domain to negatively regulate sequence-specific DNA binding; additionally, they modulate the stability, the oligomerization state, the nuclear import/export process and the degree of ubiquitination of p53. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POST-translational modification
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - P53 antioncogene
KW  - GENETIC translation
KW  - HEAT shock proteins
KW  - acetylation
KW  - ATM
KW  - CBP
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MDM2
KW  - p300
KW  - phosphorylation
KW  - PML
KW  - stability
KW  - transcriptional activation
N1  - Accession Number: 5208174; Appella, Ettore 1 Anderson, Carl W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 268 Issue 10, p2764; Subject Term: POST-translational modification; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: P53 antioncogene; Subject Term: GENETIC translation; Subject Term: HEAT shock proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: acetylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATM; Author-Supplied Keyword: CBP; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: MDM2; Author-Supplied Keyword: p300; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: PML; Author-Supplied Keyword: stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcriptional activation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02225.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=5208174&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Itahana, Koji
AU  - Dimri, Goberdhan
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Regulation of cellular senescence by p53.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2001/05/15/
VL  - 268
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2784
EP  - 2791
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Many normal cells respond to potentially oncogenic stimuli by undergoing cellular senescence, a state of irreversibly arrested proliferation and altered differentiated function. Cellular senescence very likely evolved to suppress tumorigenesis. In support of this idea, it is regulated by several tumor suppressor genes. At the heart of this regulation is p53. p53 is essential for the senescence response to short telomeres, DNA damage, oncogenes and supraphysiological mitogenic signals, and overexpression of certain tumor suppressor genes. Despite the well-documented central role for p53 in the senescence response, many questions remain regarding how p53 senses senescence-inducing stimuli and how it elicits the senescent phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - P53 antioncogene
KW  - CELLULAR aging
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - ARF
KW  - cellular senescence
KW  - cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors
KW  - DNA repair proteins
KW  - E2F1
KW  - p14
KW  - p21
KW  - p53
KW  - PML
KW  - RAS
KW  - telomeres
KW  - tumor suppressors.
N1  - Accession Number: 5208193; Itahana, Koji 1 Dimri, Goberdhan 2 Campisi, Judith 1; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA;  2: Department of Radiation Oncology, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Source Info: May2001, Vol. 268 Issue 10, p2784; Subject Term: P53 antioncogene; Subject Term: CELLULAR aging; Subject Term: CARCINOGENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARF; Author-Supplied Keyword: cellular senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA repair proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: E2F1; Author-Supplied Keyword: p14; Author-Supplied Keyword: p21; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: PML; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: telomeres; Author-Supplied Keyword: tumor suppressors.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02228.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nogales, Eva
T1  - STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS INTO MICROTUBULE FUNCTION.
JO  - Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure
JF  - Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 397
EP  - 423
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 10568700
AB  - Microtubules are polymers that are essential for, among other functions, cell transport and cell division in all eukaryotes. The regulation of the microtubule system includes transcription of different tubulin isotypes, folding of α/β-tubulin heterodimers, post-translation modification of tubulin, and nucleotide-based microtubule dynamics, as well as interaction with numerous microtubule-associated proteins that are themselves regulated. The result is the precise temporal and spatial pattern of microtubules that is observed throughout the cell cycle. The recent high-resolution analysis of the structure of tubulin and the microtubule has brought new insight to the study of microtubule function and regulation, as well as the mode of action of antimitotic drugs that disrupt normal microtubule behavior. The combination of structural, genetic, biochemical, and biophysical data should soon give us a fuller understanding of the exquisite details in the regulation of the microtubule cytoskeleton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROTUBULES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - CELL division (Biology)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - BIOLOGICAL research
KW  - antimitotic drugs
KW  - dynamic instability
KW  - microtubule-associated proteins
KW  - tubulin
N1  - Accession Number: 21551902; Nogales, Eva 1,2; Email Address: ENOGALES@LBL.GOV; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley California 94720; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p397; Subject Term: MICROTUBULES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: CELL division (Biology); Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL research; Author-Supplied Keyword: antimitotic drugs; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: microtubule-associated proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: tubulin; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schiller, Andrew
AU  - Hunsaker, Carolyn T.
AU  - Kane, Michael A.
AU  - Wolfe, Amy K.
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
AU  - Suter, Glenn W.
AU  - Russell, Clifford S.
AU  - Pion, Georgine
AU  - Jensen, Molly H.
AU  - Konar, Victoria C.
T1  - Communicating Ecological Indicators to Decision Makers and the Public.
JO  - Conservation Ecology (11955449)
JF  - Conservation Ecology (11955449)
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 64
PB  - Resilience Alliance
SN  - 11955449
AB  - The article presents a study which developed a process for translating the indicators of regional ecological condition used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) into common language to communicate with public and decision-making audiences. It was found that respondents did not want to know what these indicators measured or how measurements were performed. According to the authors, the findings can help future efforts to communicate scientific information to nontechnical audiences and to represent societal values in ecological programs through the improvement of scientist-public communication.
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Public communication
KW  - Communication
KW  - Decision making
KW  - United States
KW  - common language
KW  - communication
KW  - decision making
KW  - ecological indicators
KW  - ecological monitoring
KW  - environmental  assessments
KW  - environmental values
KW  - public input
KW  - United States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 67358665; Schiller, Andrew 1; Email Address: aschille@black.clarku.edu; Hunsaker, Carolyn T. 2; Kane, Michael A. 3; Wolfe, Amy K. 4; Dale, Virginia H. 4; Suter, Glenn W. 5; Russell, Clifford S. 6; Pion, Georgine 6; Jensen, Molly H. 6; Konar, Victoria C. 6; Affiliations: 1: Clark University; 2: Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service;; 3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 5: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NCEA; 6: Vanderbilt University; Issue Info: 2001, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p39; Thesaurus Term: Bioindicators; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Public communication; Subject Term: Communication; Subject Term: Decision making; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: common language; Author-Supplied Keyword: communication; Author-Supplied Keyword: decision making; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological indicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental  assessments; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental values; Author-Supplied Keyword: public input ; Company/Entity: United States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuecher, G. J.
AU  - Roberts, H. H.
AU  - Thompson, M. D.
AU  - Matthews, I.
T1  - Evidence for Active Growth Faulting in the Terrebonne Delta Plain, South Louisiana: Implications for Wetland Loss and the Vertical Migration of Petroleum.
JO  - Environmental Geosciences
JF  - Environmental Geosciences
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 94
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10759565
AB  - ABSTRACTTwo regional growth faults, the Golden Meadow Fault and the Lake Hatch Fault, were mapped in Terrebonne and Lafourche Parishes, Louisiana, utilizing over 3000 line kilometers of seismic data. The subcropping location of these faults identify major vegetation biozonations, new areas of wetland loss, and the position of transgressive lakes. The proposed mechanism governing these fault-related manifestations of subsidence involves the venting of fluid (and gas) from geopressured shales vertically up fault planes. Saline fluids and gases exiting a basin via growth faults provide accommodation space at depth, resulting in active, fault-induced subsidence in the down-thrown block. By contrast, areas along the fault trend where no fluids or gases were migrating would not result in an increase of accommodation space and would be considered inactive regarding fault-induced subsidence. The model that emerges is a growth fault trace that does not act in concert but more closely resembles a key-stepping system with sections alternating between active and inactive. These findings are relevant to the role of growth faults in subsidence-related coastal land loss and the vertical migration of hydrocarbons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Faults (Geology)
KW  - Wetlands
KW  - Electromagnetism
KW  - Petroleum -- Migration
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - United States
KW  - wetland loss, oil migration, Louisiana, growth faults
N1  - Accession Number: 5130195; Kuecher, G. J. 1; Roberts, H. H. 2; Thompson, M. D. 3; Matthews, I. 1; Affiliations: 1: Baker Atlas Geoscience, Houston, TX 77073; 2: Louisiana State University, Coastal Studies Institute, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; 3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Issue Info: Jun2001, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p77; Thesaurus Term: Faults (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Wetlands; Subject Term: Electromagnetism; Subject Term: Petroleum -- Migration; Subject: Louisiana; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetland loss, oil migration, Louisiana, growth faults; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 4 Black and White Photographs, 8 Diagrams, 1 Graph, 6 Maps; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1526-0984.2001.82001.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Humphries, Susan S.
AU  - Gwinn, Kimberly D.
AU  - Stewart, Arthur J.
T1  - EFFECTS OF ENDOPHYTE STATUS OF TALL FESCUE TISSUES ON THE EARTHWORM (EISENIA FETIDA).
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1346
EP  - 1350
SN  - 07307268
AB  - A cryptic fungal endophyte, Neotyphodium coenophialum, infects most tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) pastures in the United States. Cattle, sheep, and horses that consume the endophyte-infected grass can suffer fescue toxicosis caused by toxic alkaloids in the infected plants. The effects of the endophyte on mammalian herbivores have been well documented, but less is known regarding the quality of the grass (infected vs noninfected) as a food material for soil invertebrates. We conducted 21-d tests with earthworms (Eisenia fetida) to determine the nutritional quality of endophyte-infected and noninfected tall fescue leaf and root tissues. Earthworm survival, growth, and reproduction were measured in each treatment combination of tissue type and infection status. Earthworm survival was 100% in all treatments. Tall fescue tissue type (leaf vs root) and infection status (present or absent) both significantly affected E. fetida growth and reproduction. The earthworms grew and had moderate levels of reproduction in replicates containing tall fescue leaf tissue as the sole food source regardless of the endophyte-infection status, but earthworms lost weight and had less reproduction in replicates where tall fescue root tissue was the sole food source. An unexpected effect of infection status on earthworm growth in the tall fescue leaf--tissue treatments was also evident: mean growth of E. fetida with access to endophyte-infected leaf tissue as the sole food source was 3.6-fold greater than mean growth of E. fetida with access to noninfected leaf tissue as the sole food source. Knowledge regarding the relative effects of endophyte status of tall fescue on soil organisms may allow the development of more effective environmental management strategies at sites where tall fescue is being considered for use in phytoremediation or for vegetative cover. Investigators working with tall fescue should be alert to the possibility of endophyte-mediated effects of tall fescue on... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTHWORMS
KW  - ENDOPHYTES
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - NEOTYPHODIUM
KW  - HERBIVORES
KW  - Earthworms
KW  - Fungal endophyte
KW  - Neotyphodium sp.
KW  - Soil invertebrate
KW  - Tall fescue
N1  - Accession Number: 15940414; Humphries, Susan S. 1 Gwinn, Kimberly D. 2 Stewart, Arthur J. 3; Email Address: stewartaj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29202, USA  2: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37901-1071, USA  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA; Source Info: Jun2001, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p1346; Subject Term: EARTHWORMS; Subject Term: ENDOPHYTES; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: NEOTYPHODIUM; Subject Term: HERBIVORES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earthworms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fungal endophyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neotyphodium sp.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil invertebrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tall fescue; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jae-Hwan Lim
AU  - Juhyun Choi
AU  - Soo-Jin Han
AU  - Sung Kim
AU  - Hye-Zin Hwang
AU  - Dong-Kyu Jin
AU  - Byung-Yoon Ahn
AU  - Ye Han
T1  - Molecular cloning and characterization of thermostable DNA ligase from Aquifex pyrophilus, a hyperthermophilic bacterium.
JO  - Extremophiles
JF  - Extremophiles
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 168
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14310651
AB  - A DNA ligase gene from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex pyrophilus (Ap) was cloned and sequenced. An open reading frame of 2,157 bp that codes for a 82-kDa protein showed 40%–60% homology with a series of NAD+-dependent DNA ligases from different organisms. The recombinant enzyme Ap DNA ligase expressed in Escherichia coli was purified to homogeneity and characterized. The activity of Ap DNA ligase gradually increased in proportion to the concentration of monovalent salt up to 200 mM NaCl, 150 mM KCl, 200 mM NH4Cl, and 350 mM potassium glutamate. The optimum temperature and pH of Ap DNA ligase were greater than 65°C and 8.0–8.6, respectively, for nick-closing activity. More than 75% of the ligation activity was retained after incubation at 95°C for 60 min, whereas the half-lives of Thermus aquaticus and Escherichia coli DNA ligases at 95°C were ≤15 min and 5 min, respectively. Thermostable Ap DNA ligase was applied to repeat expansion detection (RED) and could be a useful enzyme in DNA diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Extremophiles is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Molecular cloning
KW  - DNA
KW  - Genes
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Aquifex pyrophilus
KW  - DNA ligase
KW  - Hyperthermophile
KW  - Repeat expansion detection
KW  - Repeat expansion detection.
KW  - Thermostability
N1  - Accession Number: 15380009; Jae-Hwan Lim 1; Juhyun Choi 1; Soo-Jin Han 1; Sung Kim 1,2; Hye-Zin Hwang 3; Dong-Kyu Jin 4; Byung-Yoon Ahn 5; Ye Han 1; Email Address: yshan2@kist.re.kr; Affiliations: 1: Structural Biology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawallkok-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul, Korea.; 2: Department of Chemistry and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; 3: Department of Biology, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, Korea.; 4: Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.; 5: Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.; Issue Info: Jun2001, Vol. 5 Issue 3, p161; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Thesaurus Term: Escherichia coli; Subject Term: Molecular cloning; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Enzymes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aquifex pyrophilus; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA ligase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperthermophile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repeat expansion detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repeat expansion detection.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermostability; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.10071007920100187
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - Jin, Alfred
AU  - Noonan, Kathleen
AU  - McGuire, Ray
AU  - Kirvel, Robert D.
T1  - Decontamination issues for chemical and biological warfare agents: how clean is clean enough?
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 128
EP  - 148
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09603123
AB  - The objective of this assessment is to determine what level of cleanup will be required to meet regulatory and stakeholder needs in the case of a chemical and/or biological incident at a civilian facility. A literature review for selected, potential chemical and biological warfare agents shows that dose information is often lacking or controversial. Environmental regulatory limits or other industrial health guidelines that could be used to help establish cleanup concentration levels for such agents are generally unavailable or not applicable for a public setting. Although dose information, cleanup criteria, and decontamination protocols all present challenges to effective planning, several decontamination approaches are available. Such approaches should be combined with risk-informed decision making to establish reasonable cleanup goals for protecting health, property, and resources. Key issues during a risk assessment are to determine exactly what constitutes a safety hazard and whether decontamination is necessary or not for a particular scenario. An important conclusion is that cleanup criteria are site dependent and stakeholder specific. The results of a modeling exercise for two outdoor scenarios are presented to reinforce this conclusion. Public perception of risk to health, public acceptance of recommendations based on scientific criteria, political support, time constraints, and economic concerns must all be addressed in the context of a specific scenario to yield effective and acceptable decontamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Health Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biological warfare
KW  - Decontamination (From gases, chemicals, etc.)
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - BIOLOGICAL TOXIN
KW  - Biological warfare agent
KW  - Chemical warfare agent
KW  - CONTAMINATION
KW  - DECONTAMINATION
N1  - Accession Number: 4480058; Raber, Ellen 1; Jin, Alfred 1; Noonan, Kathleen 1; McGuire, Ray 1; Kirvel, Robert D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Protection Department, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Issue Info: Jun2001, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p128; Thesaurus Term: Biological warfare; Thesaurus Term: Decontamination (From gases, chemicals, etc.); Thesaurus Term: Environmental health; Author-Supplied Keyword: BIOLOGICAL TOXIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: CONTAMINATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: DECONTAMINATION; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09603120020047519
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burton, Robert K.
AU  - Snodgrass, J. Josh
AU  - Gifford-Gonzalez, Diane
AU  - Guilderson, Tom
AU  - Brown, Tom
AU  - Koch, Paul L.
T1  - Holocene changes in the ecology of northern fur seals: insights from stable isotopes and archaeofauna.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 128
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
EP  - 115
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - The remains of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) are among the most abundant of pinniped elements recovered from mainland coastal archaeological sites in both California and Oregon. This is surprising as all contemporary northern fur seals breed exclusively on offshore islands, primarily at high latitudes, and the species is otherwise pelagic. The vulnerability of these animals to human predation suggests that either humans were foraging much further offshore than has been presumed or alternatively that the ecology of these animals has shifted during the late Holocene. We used isotopic and archaeofaunal analysis of the remains of pinnipeds from the middle to late Holocene of central and northern California to clarify the breeding and foraging behavior, and migration patterns of these ancient animals. The carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions of ancient northern fur seals reveal that these animals fed as far offshore as they do today, and that they remained at middle latitudes throughout the year. From an archaeological site at Moss Landing, California, we identified 16 skeletal elements from at least 12 very small northern fur seal pups. From another site near Mendocino, California, we identified the remains of at least 6 pups. We estimate the size and age of 5 of the young animals using sex-specific regressions of body length on the short dentary length derived from measurements of modern specimens. Our estimates indicate these ancient pups were substantially smaller, and therefore younger, than modern 3-month-old northern fur seal pups from similar latitudes and their nitrogen isotope compositions suggest they had not been weaned. As present-day northern fur seals do not leave their rookeries until they are at least 4 months old, we consider it highly unlikely that these ancient pups swam to these mainland locations from some distant island rookery. While there are numerous nearshore rocky outcrops along the Mendocino Coast, which may have supported small breeding colonies, the Moss Landing site is centered on a 40-km-long sandy beach, and is more than 120 km from what at the time were the nearest offshore islands. We conclude that northern fur seal adult females, subadults, and pups whose remains were recovered at the Moss Landing archaeological site must have been taken at a mainland rookery. Evidence that northern fur seals once bred on the mainland at this central California location suggests that the abundant remains of these animals at numerous other archaeological sites along the California coast also reflect the presence of nearby mainland rookeries. Based on the relative abundance of their remains in ancient human occupation sites and the widespread distribution of sites where their remains have been found, it appears that northern fur seals were once the predominant pinniped throughout a region where they now only rarely occur. Furthermore, their presence along the central and northern California coasts appears to have once severely limited the distribution of other pinnipeds, which are now common to the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Southern fur seals
KW  - Foraging behavior (Animals)
KW  - Sexual behavior in animals
KW  - Animal behavior
KW  - Nitrogen isotopes
KW  - Breeding
KW  - Callorhinus ursinus
KW  - Holocene
KW  - Migration
KW  - Stable isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 15687179; Burton, Robert K. 1; Email Address: rburton@mlml.calstate.edu; Snodgrass, J. Josh 2; Gifford-Gonzalez, Diane 3; Guilderson, Tom 4; Brown, Tom 4; Koch, Paul L. 5; Affiliations: 1: Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA; 2: Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; 3: Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; 4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 5: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; Issue Info: Jun2001, Vol. 128 Issue 1, p107; Thesaurus Term: Southern fur seals; Thesaurus Term: Foraging behavior (Animals); Thesaurus Term: Sexual behavior in animals; Thesaurus Term: Animal behavior; Subject Term: Nitrogen isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breeding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Callorhinus ursinus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stable isotopes; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s004420100631
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, K. B.
AU  - Baldocchi, D. D.
AU  - Hanson, P. J.
T1  - Leaf age affects the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic capacityand net ecosystem exchange of carbon in a deciduous forest.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 24
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 571
EP  - 583
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Abstract Temporal trends in photosynthetic capacity are a critical factorin determining the seasonality and magnitude of ecosystem carbonfluxes. At a mixed deciduous forest in the south-eastern United States (Walker Branch Watershed, Oak Ridge, TN, USA), we independently measured seasonal trends in photosynthetic capacity (using single-leaf gas exchange techniques) and the whole-canopycarbon flux (using the eddy covariance method). Soil respiration was also measured using chambers and an eddy covariance system beneath the canopy. These independent chamber and eddy covariance measurements, along with a biophysical model (CANOAK), areused to examine how leaf age affects the seasonal pattern of carbon uptake during the growing season. When the measured seasonality in photosynthetic capacity is representedin the CANOAK simulations, there is good agreement with the eddy covariance data on the seasonal trends in carbon uptake. Removing the temporal trends in the simulations by using the early season maximum value of photosynthetic capacity over the entire growing season over estimates the annual carbon uptake by about 300 g C m-2 year-1 – halfthe total estimated annual net ecosystem exchange. Alternatively, use of the mean value of photosynthetic capacity incorrectly simulates the seasonality in carbon uptake by the forest. In addition to changes related to leaf development and senescence, photosynthetic capacitydecreased in the middle and late summer, even when leaf nitrogenwas essentially constant. When only these middle and late summer reductions were neglected in the model simulations, CANOAK still overestimated the carbon uptake by an amount comparable to 25% ofthe total annual net ecosystem exchange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOLIAR diagnosis
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - CARBON in soils
KW  - Ameriflux
KW  - Canopy model
KW  - leaf age
KW  - maximum carboxylation rate (V
N1  - Accession Number: 4724500; Wilson, K. B. 1 Baldocchi, D. D. 2 Hanson, P. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Turbulenceand Diffusion Division, NOAA, PO Box 2456, Oak Ridge, TN 37831,USA,  2: Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley,151 Hilgard Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and  3: EnvironmentalSciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, OakRidge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2001, Vol. 24 Issue 6, p571; Subject Term: FOLIAR diagnosis; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: CARBON in soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ameriflux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canopy model; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf age; Author-Supplied Keyword: maximum carboxylation rate (V; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00706.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Chisup
AU  - Lazarov, Raytcho D.
AU  - Pasciak, Joseph E.
AU  - Vassilevski, Panayot S.
T1  - MULTIPLIER SPACES F R THE MORTAR FINITE ELEMENT METHOD IN THREE DIMENSIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 519
EP  - 538
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - We consider the construction of multiplier spaces for use with the mortar finite element method in three spatial dimensions on globally or locally quasi-uniform meshes. A set of abstract conditions is given for the multiplier spaces which are sufficient to guarantee a stable and convergent mortar approximation. Three examples of multipliers satisfying these conditions are presented. The first one is a dual basis example, while the remaining two are based on finite volumes. Finally, the results of computational examples illustrating the theory are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIPLIERS (Mathematical analysis)
KW  - SPACES of measures
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - THREE-manifolds (Topology)
KW  - HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12856426; Kim, Chisup 1; Email Address: cskim@math.tamu.edu Lazarov, Raytcho D. 1; Email Address: lazarov@math.tamu.edu Pasciak, Joseph E. 1; Email Address: pasciak@math.tamu.edu Vassilevski, Panayot S. 2; Email Address: panayot@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3368  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-560, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p519; Subject Term: MULTIPLIERS (Mathematical analysis); Subject Term: SPACES of measures; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: THREE-manifolds (Topology); Subject Term: HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timchalk, Charles
AU  - Trease, Harold E
AU  - Trease, Lynn L
AU  - Minard, Kevin R
AU  - Corley, Richard A
T1  - Potential technology for studying dosimetry and response to airborne chemical and biological pollutants.
JO  - Toxicology & Industrial Health
JF  - Toxicology & Industrial Health
Y1  - 2001/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5-10
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
EP  - 276
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 07482337
AB  - Advances in computational, and imaging techniques have enabled the rapid development of three-dimensional (3-D) models of biological systems in unprecedented detail. Using these advances, 3-D models of the lungs and nasal passages of the rat and human are being developed to ultimately improve predictions of airborne pollutant dosimetry. Techniques for imaging the respiratory tract by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were developed to improve the speed and accuracy of geometric data collection for mesh reconstruction. The MRI resolution is comparable to that obtained by manual measurements but at much greater speed and accuracy. Newly developed software (NWGrid) was utilized to translate imaging data from MR into 3-D mesh structures. Together, these approaches significantly reduced the time to develop a 3-D model. This more robust airway structure will ultimately facilitate modeling gas or vapor exchange between the respiratory tract and vasculature as well as enable linkages of dosimetry with cell response models. The 3-D, finite volume, viscoelastic mesh structures form the geometric basis for computational fluid dynamics modeling of inhalation, exhalation and the delivery of individual particles (or concentrations of gas or vapors) to discrete regions of the respiratory tract. The ability of these 3-D models to resolve dosimetry at such a high level of detail will require new techniques to measure regional airflows and particulate deposition for model validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology & Industrial Health is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - DOSAGE of drugs
KW  - LUNGS -- Infections
KW  - Airflow
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
KW  - MODEL
KW  - Particle dosimetry
KW  - Respiratory tract
N1  - Accession Number: 8974026; Timchalk, Charles 1 Trease, Harold E 1 Trease, Lynn L 1 Minard, Kevin R 1 Corley, Richard A 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 17 Issue 5-10, p270; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: DOSAGE of drugs; Subject Term: LUNGS -- Infections; Author-Supplied Keyword: Airflow; Author-Supplied Keyword: COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: MODEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Respiratory tract; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1191/0748233701th114oa
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Jim E.
AU  - Woodward, Carol S.
T1  - Newton -- Krylov - multigrid solvers for large-scale, highly heterogeneous, variably saturated flow problems.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 24
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
EP  - 774
SN  - 03091708
AB  - presents a Newton--Krylov - multigrid solvers for large-scale, highly heterogeneous, variably saturated flow problems. Details of the class of solvers developed for the parallel solution of a model used in variably saturated flow simulations; Details of the comparison of two multigrid methods; Ways in which multigrid solvers differ.
KW  - Water
KW  - Numerical analysis
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Multigrid methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - Models & modelmaking
KW  - Mathematical analysis
KW  - Operations research
KW  - Systems engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 12033859; Jones, Jim E. 1; Woodward, Carol S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Center for Applied Scientific Computing, P.O. Box 808, L-561, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.; Issue Info: Jul2001, Vol. 24 Issue 7, p763; Thesaurus Term: Water; Thesaurus Term: Numerical analysis; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Thesaurus Term: Hydrology; Subject Term: Multigrid methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: Models & modelmaking; Subject Term: Mathematical analysis; Subject Term: Operations research; Subject Term: Systems engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(00)00075-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, H.
AU  - Durante, M.
AU  - Lucas, J. N.
T1  - Relationship between radiation-induced aberrations in individual chromosomes and their DNA content: effects of interaction distance.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 77
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 786
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To study the effect of the interaction distance on the frequency of inter- and intrachromosome exchanges in individual chromosomes with respect to their DNA content. Assumptions: Chromosome exchanges are formed by misrejoining of two DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) induced within an interaction distance, d. It is assumed that chromosomes in G[sub 0]/G[sub 1] phase of the cell cycle occupy a spherical domain in a cell nucleus, with no spatial overlap between individual chromosome domains. Results: Formulae are derived for the probability of formation of inter-, as well as intra-, chromosome exchanges relating to the DNA content of the chromosome for a given interaction distance. For interaction distances <1μm, the relative frequency of interchromosome exchanges predicted by the present model is similar to that by Cigarran et al. (1998) based on the assumption that the probability of interchromosome exchanges is proportional to the 'surface area' of the chromosome territory. The 'surface area' assumption is shown to be a limiting case of d→0 in the present model. The present model also predicts that the probability of intrachromosome exchanges occurring in individual chromosomes is proportional to their DNA content with correction terms. Conclusion: When the interaction distance is small, the 'surface area' distribution for chromosome participation in interchromosome exchanges has been expected. However, the present model shows that for the interaction distance as large as 1 μm, the predicted probability of interchromosome exchange formation is still close to the surface area distribution. Therefore, this distribution does not necessarily rule out the formation of complex chromosomal aberrations by long-range misrejoining of DSB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROSSING over (Genetics)
KW  - CHROMOSOME abnormalities
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 4802301; Wu, H. 1 Durante, M. 2 Lucas, J. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Radiation Biophysics Laboratory and Kelsey-Seybold Clinic, NASA Johnson Space Center, Mail Code SD23, Houston, TX 77058, USA.  2: Department of Physics, University of Naples, Naples, Italy.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: Jul2001, Vol. 77 Issue 7, p781; Subject Term: CROSSING over (Genetics); Subject Term: CHROMOSOME abnormalities; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000110050227
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, H.
AU  - Deng, W.
AU  - Cassel, M. J.
AU  - Lucas, J. N.
T1  - Fluorescence in situ hybridization of metaphase chromosomes in suspension.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 77
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 787
EP  - 795
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To describe a new method for FISH analysis of metaphase chromosomes in suspension. Materials and methods: Metaphase chromosomes in suspension were isolated from a Chinese hamster human hybrid cell line, 314-2 (1) Y, and a human cell line, GM 130B. During suspension hybridization, specific chromosomes were labeled from these two cell lines using either biotin-labeled human genomic DNA, a directly labeled human pancentromere DNA probe or a chromosome #1 locus-specific probe. Results: The method allows, for the first time, recovery of large numbers of isolated individual hybridized chromosomes with good morphology for both human × hamster hybrid and human cell lines. The results showed that 46-73% of the starting number of total chromosomes can be recovered after a FISH in suspension procedure. The well-preserved morphology of hybridized metaphase chromosomes allowed (1) rapid detection of individual human and hamster chromosome aberrations, (2) rapid counting of the painted human chromosomes and (3) fast, clear detection of chromosome region-specific probes. This method offers a new tool to assay chromosomes and DNA: it offers the possibility to develop new techniques for sorting chromosomes based on FISH signals, for early detection and screening of genetic diseases and for bulk measurement of both balanced or unbalanced chromosomal exchanges and rearrangements. Conclusion: The potential of the method described should facilitate fast, sensitive population monitoring, and increase sensitivity of the measurements in chromosome-based biodosimetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IN situ hybridization -- Diagnostic use
KW  - CHROMOSOME abnormalities
KW  - DNA probes
N1  - Accession Number: 4802300; He, H. 1 Deng, W. 2 Cassel, M. J. 3 Lucas, J. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: American Laboratory Technologies, Inc., Arlington, VA 22201, USA & University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.  2: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA & Sichuan Institute of Radiation Health and Protection, Sichuan Institute of Occupational Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China.  3: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.; Source Info: Jul2001, Vol. 77 Issue 7, p787; Subject Term: IN situ hybridization -- Diagnostic use; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME abnormalities; Subject Term: DNA probes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000110047546
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsieh, W. A.
AU  - Lucas, J. N.
AU  - Hwang, J. J.
AU  - Chan, C. C.
AU  - Chang, W. P.
T1  - Biodosimetry using chromosomal translocations measured by FISH in a population chronically exposed to low dose-rate [sup 60]Co γ-irradiation.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 77
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
EP  - 804
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To evaluate the cumulative γ-radiation personal exposure by analysing lymphocyte chromosome translocations using FISH painting and to compare FISH-derived biodoses with those derived from retrospective physical dose reconstruction in residents receiving chronic low dose-rate γ-irradiation while living in radio-contaminated buildings. Materials and methods: Chromosome translocation frequencies were evaluated by scoring 933 to 3077 metaphases under fluorescence microscope for each of the five male and four female exposed individuals after they had relocated from the radioactive environment for 34-82 months. FISH painting was conducted using kits of whole-chromosome probes for chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 in orange and 3, 5 and 6 in green and counter-stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The retrospective dose estimation termed Taiwan Cumulative Dose (TCD) was conducted by assessment using detailed information of historical exposure and the environmental radioactivity for each apartment during previous residency. Results: A total of 20 244 well-prepared metaphases were scored. Biodoses were calculated from the translocation frequencies and physical doses were estimated from detail questionnaires for each individual. The translocation frequencies measured ranged from 2.2×10[sup -3] to 26.8×10[sup -3] translocations per cell and the dose equivalent from 52.2 to 992.2mSv. A good correlation was observed between the physical and biodoses. A plot of TCD against FISH-derived doses produced D[sub fish] =0.65 D[sub TCD], when fitted by a linear model, and D[sub fish] = 0.53 D[sub TCD]+ 1.26×10[sup -4 ] D[sup 2][sub TCD], when fitted with a linear-quadratic model. Given the scatter in the data and the extremely small quadratic dose contribution, neither model could be ruled out. Conclusion: Chromosome translocations provide a valid method of dose estimation in extremely protracted low dose-rate γ-radiation exposure. Validation of the TCD method by FISH-measured translocations supports the use of TCD for epidemiological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - TRANSLOCATION (Genetics)
KW  - IN situ hybridization -- Diagnostic use
KW  - DOSE-response relationship (Radiation)
N1  - Accession Number: 4802299; Hsieh, W. A. 1 Lucas, J. N. 2 Hwang, J. J. 3 Chan, C. C. 4 Chang, W. P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, 155, Section 2, Lih-Non Street, Taipei, Taiwan 112.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA, USA.  3: Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.  4: Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.  5: Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, 155, Section 2, Lih-Non Street, Taipei, Taiwan 112 & Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Jen-Ai Municipal Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Source Info: Jul2001, Vol. 77 Issue 7, p797; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: TRANSLOCATION (Genetics); Subject Term: IN situ hybridization -- Diagnostic use; Subject Term: DOSE-response relationship (Radiation); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000110053873
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winebrake, James J.
AU  - Wang, Michael Q.
AU  - Dongquan He, Michael Q.
T1  - Toxic Emissions from Mobile Sources: A Total Fuel-Cycle Analysis for Conventional and Alternative Fuel Vehicles.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 51
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
EP  - 1086
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Mobile sources are among the largest contributors of four hazardous air pollutants--benzene, 1,3-butadiene, acetaldehyde, and formaldehyde--in urban areas. At the same time, federal and state governments are promoting the use of alternative fuel vehicles as a means to curb local air pollution. As yet, the impact of this movement toward alternative fuels with respect to toxic emissions has not been well studied. The purpose of this paper is to compare toxic emissions from vehicles operating on a variety of fuels, including reformulated gasoline (RFG), natural gas, ethanol, methanol, liquid petroleum gas (LPG), and electricity. This study uses a version of Argonne National Laboratory's Greenhouse Gas, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation (GREET) model, appropriately modified to estimate toxic emissions. The GREET model conducts a total fuel-cycle analysis that calculates emissions from both downstream (e.g., operation of the vehicle) and upstream (e.g., fuel production and distribution) stages of the fuel cycle. We find that almost all of the fuels studied reduce 1,3-butadiene emissions compared with conventional gasoline (CG). However, the use of ethanol in E85 (fuel made with 85% ethanol) or RFG leads to increased acetaldehyde emissions, and the use of methanol, ethanol, and compressed natural gas (CNG) may result in increased formaldehyde emissions. When the modeling results for the four air toxics are considered together with their cancer risk factors, all the fuels and vehicle technologies show air toxic emission reduction benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Acetaldehyde
KW  - Formaldehyde
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices
N1  - Accession Number: 12147614; Winebrake, James J. 1,2; Wang, Michael Q. 1; Dongquan He, Michael Q. 1; Email Address: winebrjj@jmu.edu; Affiliations: 1: Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 2: Science and Technology Department, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia; Issue Info: Jul2001, Vol. 51 Issue 7, p1073; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Acetaldehyde; Thesaurus Term: Formaldehyde; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, J. S.
AU  - Pregitzer, K. S.
AU  - Zak, D. R.
AU  - Sober, J.
AU  - Isebrands, J. G.
AU  - Dickson, R. E.
AU  - Hendrey, G. R.
AU  - Karnosky, D. F.
T1  - Fine-root biomass and fluxes of soil carbon in young stands of paper birch and trembling aspen as affected by elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 128
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
EP  - 250
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - Rising atmospheric CO2 may stimulate future forest productivity, possibly increasing carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems, but how tropospheric ozone will modify this response is unknown. Because of the importance of fine roots to the belowground C cycle, we monitored fine-root biomass and associated C fluxes in regenerating stands of trembling aspen, and mixed stands of trembling aspen and paper birch at FACTS-II, the Aspen FACE project in Rhinelander, Wisconsin. Free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) was used to elevate concentrations of CO2 (average enrichment concentration 535 µl l–1) and O3 (53 nl l–1) in developing forest stands in 1998 and 1999. Soil respiration, soil pCO2, and dissolved organic carbon in soil solution (DOC) were monitored biweekly. Soil respiration was measured with a portable infrared gas analyzer. Soil pCO2 and DOC samples were collected from soil gas wells and tension lysimeters, respectively, at depths of 15, 30, and 125 cm. Fine-root biomass averaged 263 g m–2 in control plots and increased 96% under elevated CO2. The increased root biomass was accompanied by a 39% increase in soil respiration and a 27% increase in soil pCO2. Both soil respiration and pCO2 exhibited a strong seasonal signal, which was positively correlated with soil temperature. DOC concentrations in soil solution averaged ~12 mg l–1 in surface horizons, declined with depth, and were little affected by the treatments. A simplified belowground C budget for the site indicated that native soil organic matter still dominated the system, and that soil respiration was by far the largest flux. Ozone decreased the above responses to elevated CO2, but effects were rarely statistically significant. We conclude that regenerating stands of northern hardwoods have the potential for substantially greater C input to soil due to greater fine-root production under elevated CO2. Greater fine-root biomass will be accompanied by greater soil C efflux as soil respiration, but leaching losses of C will probably be unaffected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global environmental change
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Dissolved organic carbon
KW  - Global change
KW  - Northern forests
KW  - Soil pCO2
KW  - Soil respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 15687209; King, J. S. 1; Email Address: jsking@mtu.edu; Pregitzer, K. S. 1,2; Zak, D. R. 3; Sober, J. 1; Isebrands, J. G. 4; Dickson, R. E. 4; Hendrey, G. R. 5; Karnosky, D. F. 1; Affiliations: 1: School of Forestry and Wood Products, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; 2: North Central Research Station, USPA Forest Service, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; 3: School of Natural Resources and Environment, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; 4: North Central Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Rhinelander,WI 54501, USA; 5: US DOE, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Applied Sciences, Division of Environmental Biology and Instrumentation, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Jul2001, Vol. 128 Issue 2, p237; Thesaurus Term: Global environmental change; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissolved organic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Northern forests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil pCO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s004420100656
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lossack, A. M.
AU  - Bartels, D. M.
AU  - Roduner, E.
T1  - Rate constants and kinetic isotope effects in hydrogen abstractions by H from formic acid.
JO  - Research on Chemical Intermediates
JF  - Research on Chemical Intermediates
Y1  - 2001/07//
VL  - 27
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
EP  - 483
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09226168
AB  - Competitive kinetic experiments were performed for the reactions of H atoms with HCOOH and DCOOD in aqueous solution. Excellent Arrhenius behavior is represented by log(k/M[sup -1] s[sup -1]) = (11.6 ± 0.2) - (34.0 ± 1.1) kJ mol[sup -1]/2.303RT ) for HCOOH, log(k/M[sup -1] s[sup -1]) = (11.8 ± 0.2) - (39.8 ± 1.2) kJ mol[sup -1]/2.303RT ) for DCOOD. Kinetic isotope effects are discussed in terms of transition state theory, supported by ab initio calculations, and in comparison with previous results for the abstraction from the formate ion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Research on Chemical Intermediates is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN -- Analysis
KW  - FORMIC acid
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 5675608; Lossack, A. M. 1 Bartels, D. M. 2 Roduner, E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439, USA; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 27 Issue 4/5, p475; Subject Term: HYDROGEN -- Analysis; Subject Term: FORMIC acid; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
T1  - NICKEL IN PETROLEUM REFINING.
JO  - Petroleum Science & Technology
JF  - Petroleum Science & Technology
Y1  - 2001/07/31/
VL  - 19
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 979
EP  - 1007
SN  - 10916466
AB  - Nickel plays both negative and positive roles in petroleum refining. Found as a naturally occurring trace element in many crude oils and bound in oil-soluble ligation, nickel concentrations range from a few to over 250 ppm. In the conversion of crude oils to transportation fuels, these concentrations generally cause problems. Nickel interferes with upgrading processes, severely deactivating many heterogeneous catalysts (such as FCC), catalyzing undesirable side reactions (such as carbonization), and devaluing any residual material in which it may be isolated (such as coke). Nickel also can play a positive role in refining, assisting in oil exploration, catalyzing upgrading processes (such as for N removal), and producing petrochemicals (such as hydrogenation production). With increasing environmental concerns, Ni also has been utilized to identify sources of unregulated releases of crude oil, such as spills and seeps. This paper presents these and other aspects of nickel chemistry with relationship in exploration for and refining petroleum. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Petroleum Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 76193717; Reynolds, John G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-092, Livermore, CA, 94551, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul2001, Vol. 19 Issue 7/8, p979; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/LFT-100106915
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oostrom, M.
AU  - White, M. D.
AU  - Brusseau, M. L.
T1  - Theoretical estimation of free and entrapped areas in porous media.
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 24
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 887
EP  - 898
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Presents theoretical estimation of free and entrapped nonwetting-wetting fluid interfacial areas in porous media. Information required for the theoretical estimation; Implementation of the interfacial area equations in continuum-based multifluid flow simulators.
KW  - Equations
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Fluid mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 12033820; Oostrom, M. 1; White, M. D. 1; Brusseau, M. L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K933, Richmond, WA 99352, USA.; 2: Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Sciences and Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, 429 Shantz Building, University of Arizona, Tucson.; Issue Info: Aug2001, Vol. 24 Issue 8, p887; Thesaurus Term: Equations; Thesaurus Term: Hydraulics; Subject Term: Multiphase flow; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Porous materials; Subject Term: Fluid mechanics; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S309-1708(01)00017-3
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bilbrey, Lacrecia C.
AU  - Shafer, John M.
T1  - Funnel-and-Gate Performance in a Moderately Heterogeneous Flow Domain.
JO  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
JF  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
EP  - 151
SN  - 10693629
AB  - The funnel-and-gate ground water remediation technology (Starr and Cherry 1994) has received increased attention and application as an in situ alternative to the typical pump-and-treat system. Understanding the effects of heterogeneity on system performance can mean the difference between a successful remediation project and one that fails to meet its cleanup goals. In an attempt to characterize and quantify the effects of heterogeneity on funnel-and-gate system performance, a numerical modeling study of 15 simulated heterogeneous flow domains was conducted. Each realization was tested to determine if the predicted capture width met the capture width expected for a homogeneous flow domain with the same hulk properties. This study revealed that the capture width of the funnel-and-gate system varied significantly with the level of heterogeneity of the aquifer. Two possible remedies were investigated for bringing systems with less than acceptable capture widths to acceptable levels of performance. First, it was determined that enlarging the funnel and gate via a factor of safety applied to the design capture width could compensate for the capture width variation in the heterogeneous flow domains. In addition, it was shown that the use of a pumping well downstream of the funnel and gate could compensate for the effects of aquifer heterogeneity on the funnel-and-gate capture width. However, if a pumping well is placed downstream of the funnel and gate to control the hydraulic gradient through the gate, consideration should be given to the gate residence time in relation to the geochemistry of the contaminant removal or destruction process in the gate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 63857251; Bilbrey, Lacrecia C. 1; Shafer, John M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lacrecia C. Bilbrey is a project engineer with GRW Engineers Inc., Louisville, Kentucky. She received an M.S. in civil engineering from the University of South Carolina, and a B.S. in civil engineering from Tennessee Technological University.; 2: John M. Shafer is director of the Earth Sciences and Resources Institute at the University of South Carolina. He received a B.S. in earth science from Penn State University, an M.S. in resource development from Michigan State University, and a Ph.D. in civil engineering from Colorado State University. Prior to joining the faculty at the University of South Carolina, he was the head of the Hydrology Division of the Illinois State Water Survey in Champaign, Illinois, and before that a senior research engineer at Battelle's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Aug2001, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p144; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2001.tb00751.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bachand, G. D.
AU  - Castello, J. D.
T1  - Immunolocalization of Tomato Mosaic Tobamovirus in Roots of Red Spruce Seedlings.
JO  - Journal of Phytopathology
JF  - Journal of Phytopathology
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 149
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
EP  - 419
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09311785
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine the location of tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV) in red spruce (Picea rubens) seedling roots. Roots were collected from uninfected and infected spruce seedlings at biweekly intervals, fixed in formaldehyde–glacial acetic acid–50% ethanol (1 : 1 : 18), embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and tested by indirect immunofluorescence (IF). ToMV was detected by IF in infected, but not in uninfected red spruce roots. All seedlings that tested positive by IF had previously tested positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fluorescence was observed most frequently 2 weeks after inoculation in cortical and epidermal cells, as well as in the lateral root primordia. The ToMV was not observed in vascular tissue, the root cap, or meristematic cells. Virus distribution was uneven, and occurred in localized, concatenated pockets, parallel to the axis of the apical meristem. In older seedlings, fluorescence was associated with irregular-shaped vesicles in cortical cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Phytopathology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOBACCO mosaic virus
KW  - PLANT viruses
KW  - RED spruce
KW  - IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - epifluorescence microscopy
KW  - immunofluorescence
KW  - Picea rubens
KW  - tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV)
N1  - Accession Number: 5251564; Bachand, G. D. 1 Castello, J. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biomolecular Materials and Interfaces, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800 MS 1413, Albuquerque, NM 87185–1413, USA  2: Faculty of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210–2788, USA; Source Info: Aug2001, Vol. 149 Issue 7/8, p415; Subject Term: TOBACCO mosaic virus; Subject Term: PLANT viruses; Subject Term: RED spruce; Subject Term: IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Author-Supplied Keyword: epifluorescence microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunofluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Picea rubens; Author-Supplied Keyword: tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1439-0434.2001.00647.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cox, Steven S.
AU  - Little, John C.
AU  - Hodgson, Alfred T.
T1  - Measuring Concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds in Vinyl Flooring.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 51
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1195
EP  - 1201
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The initial solid-phase concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a key parameter influencing the emission characteristics of many indoor materials. Solid-phase measurements are typically made using solvent extraction or thermal headspace analysis. The high temperatures and chemical solvents associated with these methods can modify the physical structure of polymeric materials and, consequently, affect mass transfer characteristics. To measure solid-phase concentrations under conditions resembling those in which the material would be installed in an indoor environment, a new technique was developed for measuring VOC concentrations in vinyl flooring (VF) and similar materials. A 0.09-m² section of new VF was punched randomly to produce ∼200 0.78-cm² disks. The disks were milled to a powder at -140°C to simultaneously homogenize the material and reduce the diffusion path length without loss of VOCs. VOCs were extracted from the VF particles at room temperature by fluidized-bed desorption (FBD) and by direct thermal desorption (DTD) at elevated temperatures. The VOCs in the extraction gas from FBD and DTD were collected on sorbent tubes and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Seven VOCs emitted by VF were quantified. Concentration measurements by FBD ranged from 5.1 µg/g VF for n-hexadecane to 130 µg/g VF for phenol. Concentrations measured by DTD were higher than concentrations measured by FBD. Differences between FBD and DTD results may be explained using free-volume and dual-mobility sorption theory, but further research is necessary to more completely characterize the complex nature of a diffusant in a polymer matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Thermal desorption
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Polymers
N1  - Accession Number: 12210848; Cox, Steven S. 1; Little, John C. 1; Email Address: jcl@vt.edu; Hodgson, Alfred T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia; 2: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Issue Info: Aug2001, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p1195; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Thermal desorption; Subject Term: Mass transfer; Subject Term: Polymers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Streets, David G.
AU  - Tsai, Nancy Y.
AU  - Akimoto, Hajime
AU  - Oka, Kaoru
T1  - Trends in Emissions of Acidifying Species in Asia, 1985–1997.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 130
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 192
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Acid deposition is a serious problem throughout much of Asia. Emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been increasing steadily, as nations strive to increase their levels of economic development. Coal and fuel oil have been the main choices for powering industrial development; and, until recently, only a few countries had taken steps to avert the atmospheric emissions that accompany fuel combustion. This paper discusses trends in emissions of SO2 and NOx that have occurred in Asian countries in the period 1985–1997, using results from the RAINS-Asia computer model and energy-use trends from the IEA Energy Statistics and Balances database. Emissions of SO2 in Asia grew from 26.6 Tg in 1985 to 33.7 Tg in 1990 and 39.2 Tg in 1997. Though SO2 emissions used to grow as fast as fossil-fuel use, recent limitations on the sulfur content of coal and oil have slowed the growth. The annual-average emissions growth between 1990 and 1997 was only 2.2%, considerably less than the economic growth rate. Emissions of NOx, on the other hand, continue to grow rapidly, from 14.1 Tg in 1985 to 18.7 Tg in 1990 and 28.5 Tg in 1997 (6.2% per year between 1990 and 1997), with no signs of abating. Thus, though SO2 remains the major contributor to acidifying emissions in Asia, the role of NOx will become more and more important in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acid deposition
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Sulfur compounds
KW  - Industrialization
KW  - Asia
KW  - acidification
KW  - emissions
KW  - nitrogen oxides
KW  - sulfur dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 16603527; Streets, David G. 1; Email Address: dstreets@anl.gov; Tsai, Nancy Y. 1; Akimoto, Hajime 2; Oka, Kaoru 3; Affiliations: 1: Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, U.S.A.; 2: Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153, Japan.; 3: EX Corporation, 17-22 Takada, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171, Japan.; Issue Info: Aug2001, Vol. 130 Issue 1-4, p187; Thesaurus Term: Acid deposition; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur compounds; Thesaurus Term: Industrialization; Subject: Asia; Author-Supplied Keyword: acidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: sulfur dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klimont, Z.
AU  - Cofala, J.
AU  - Schöpp, W.
AU  - Amann, M.
AU  - Streets, D. G.
AU  - Ichikawa, Y.
AU  - Fujita, S.
T1  - Projections of SO2, NOx, NH3 and VOC Emissions in East Asia Up to 2030.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 130
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 198
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Starting from an inventory of SO2, NOx, VOC and NH3 emissions for the years 1990 and 1995 in East Asia (Japan, South and North Korea, China, Mongolia and Taiwan), the temporal development of the emissions of the four air pollutants is projected to the year 2030 based on scenarios of economic development. The projections are prepared at a regional level (prefectures or provinces of individual countries) and distinguish more than 100 source categories for each region. The emission estimates are presented with a spatial resolution of 1×1 degree longitude/latitude. First results suggest that, due to the emission control legislation taken in the region, SO2 emissions would only grow by about 46 percent until 2030. Emissions of NOx and VOC may increase by 95 and 65 percent, respectively, mainly driven by the expected increase in road traffic volume. Ammonia, mainly emitted from agriculture, is projected to double by 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Ammonia
KW  - East Asia
KW  - emission inventory
KW  - emission projections
KW  - NH
KW  - NH3
KW  - NO
KW  - NOx
KW  - SO
KW  - SO2
KW  - VOC
N1  - Accession Number: 16603526; Klimont, Z. 1; Email Address: klimont@iiasa.ac.at; Cofala, J. 1; Schöpp, W. 1; Amann, M. 1; Streets, D. G. 2; Ichikawa, Y. 3; Fujita, S. 3; Affiliations: 1: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; 3: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Tokyo, Japan.; Issue Info: Aug2001, Vol. 130 Issue 1-4, p193; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Ammonia; Subject: East Asia; Author-Supplied Keyword: emission inventory; Author-Supplied Keyword: emission projections; Author-Supplied Keyword: NH; Author-Supplied Keyword: NH3; Author-Supplied Keyword: NO; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: SO; Author-Supplied Keyword: SO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Meyers, T. P.
T1  - Development of an automated micrometeorological method for measuring the emission of mercury vapor from wetland vegetation.
JO  - Wetlands Ecology & Management
JF  - Wetlands Ecology & Management
Y1  - 2001/08//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 347
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09234861
AB  - The ability of green plants to act as conduits to enhance the transport of Hg from soils to the atmosphere is now established, but the data base is severely limited. The potential role of this process in mobilizing Hg in global and regional cycles makes it imperative that automated methods be developed to increase our capability to measure and understand the process in a variety of ecosystems. We previously published a tower-based micrometeorological gradient method for measuring gas-phase Hg° fluxes in terrestrial systems based on the Modified Bowen ratio (MBR) approach. The method relied on demanding and time-consuming manual sampling of Hg gradients. Automated Hg sampling methods now exist, and we describe here applications of the Tekran Hg analyzer to automated near-real-time measurements of Hg gradients over wetland vegetation. We use these data with MBR to compute fluxes of Hg from those of other trace gases. From 1996 to 1998 we sampled Hg fluxes over emergent macrophytes in the Florida Everglades, beginning with manual methods, but later deploying automated methods for most of the study to collect more than 500 30-min fluxes over 2 y. The limitations of the manual method resulted in considerable uncertainly in our earlier observations, even to the extent that we initially doubted that vegetation emissions were real. However, the automated method allowed us to quantify the actual development of Hg emission gradients over wetland vegetation. Following sunrise Hg fluxes show diel patterns similar to those of CO2 and H2O, providing information on the possible mechanisms of Hg emission. Our data suggest mean daytime emission rates of Hg over these wetlands on the order of 30 ng m<MATH>^{-2}</MATH> h<MATH>^{-1}</MATH>. Fluxes were influenced by temperature, solar radiation, and atmospheric turbulence. There exists a significant biotic re-emission of Hg° from the oceans, and our data provide the first direct evidence of a similar process in subtropical wetlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Wetlands Ecology & Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Micrometeorology
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Everglades (Fla.)
KW  - Florida
KW  - atmosphere/surface exchange processes
KW  - biogeochemical cycling
KW  - emission
KW  - Everglades
KW  - flux studies
KW  - mercury
N1  - Accession Number: 15605389; Lindberg, S. E. 1; Email Address: SLL@ornl.gov; Meyers, T. P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.; 2: Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Laboratory, NOAA/ERL Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug2001, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p333; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Micrometeorology; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject: Everglades (Fla.); Subject: Florida; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmosphere/surface exchange processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogeochemical cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Everglades; Author-Supplied Keyword: flux studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: mercury; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, J. W.
AU  - Krupp, L. B.
AU  - Elkins, L. E.
AU  - Coyle, P. K.
T1  - Cognitive Dysfunction Lateralizes With NAA in Multiple Sclerosis.
JO  - Applied Neuropsychology
JF  - Applied Neuropsychology
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
EP  - 160
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09084282
AB  - Recent studies have demonstrated the utility of magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging to evaluate axonal integrity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Patient status in MS is frequently assessed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale, which emphasizes ambulation but underestimates the contribution of cognitive factors. Yet, cognitive functions of memory and processing are known to be impaired in MS. We used quantitative MR spectroscopy to determine this relation between cognitive function and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) levels. We find a significant correlation (r = .63, p < .005) for the left periventricular (PV) NAA concentrations with performance on the verbal Selective Reminding Test. Right PV NAA was significantly (p < .02) correlated with the Tower of Hanoi performance, with r = .58. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIPLE sclerosis
KW  - COGNITION
KW  - CEREBRAL dominance
N1  - Accession Number: 5254555; Pan, J. W. 1 Krupp, L. B. 2 Elkins, L. E. 2 Coyle, P. K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA  2: Department of Neurology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Source Info: 2001, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p155; Subject Term: MULTIPLE sclerosis; Subject Term: COGNITION; Subject Term: CEREBRAL dominance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Baas, Nils A.
AU  - Mayer, Bernd
AU  - Nilsson, Martin
AU  - Olesen, Michael W.
T1  - Ansatz for Dynamical Hierarchies.
JO  - Artificial Life
JF  - Artificial Life
Y1  - 2001///Fall2001
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
EP  - 353
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10645462
AB  - Complex, robust functionalities can be generated naturally in at least two ways: by the assembly of structures and by the evolution of structures. This work is concerned with spontaneous formation of structures. We define the notion of dynamical hierarchies in natural systems and show the importance of this particular kind of organization for living systems. We then define a framework that enables us to formulate, investigate, and manipulate such dynamical hierarchies. This framework allows us to simultaneously investigate different levels of description together with their interrelationship, which is necessary to understand the nature of dynamical hierarchies. Our framework is then applied to a concrete and very simple formal, physicochemical, dynamical hierarchy involving water and monomers at level one, polymers and water at level two, and micelles (polymer aggregates) and water at level three. Formulating this system as a simple two-dimensional molecular dynamics (MD) lattice gas allows us within one dynamical system to demonstrate the successive emergence of two higher levels (three levels all together) of robust structures with associated properties. Second, we demonstrate how the framework for dynamical hierarchies can be used for realistic (predictive) physicochemical simulation of molecular self-assembly and self-organization processes. We discuss the detailed process of micellation using the three-dimensional MD lattice gas. Finally, from these examples we can infer principles about formal dynamical hierarchies. We present an ansatz for how to generate robust, higher-order emergent properties in formal dynamical systems that is based on a conjecture of a necessary minimal complexity within the fundamental interacting structures once a particular simulation framework is chosen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Artificial Life is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - ARTIFICIAL life
KW  - MICELLES
KW  - COMPLEXITY MEASURES
KW  - EMERGENCE
KW  - EVOLUTION
KW  - ROBUSTNESS
KW  - Self-organization
N1  - Accession Number: 6366442; Rasmussen, Steen 1 Baas, Nils A. 2 Mayer, Bernd 3 Nilsson, Martin 4 Olesen, Michael W. 5; Affiliation:  1: EES-6 and T-CNLS, MS-T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA and Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 8751, USA  2: Department of Mathematical Sciences, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway  3: Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria  4: EES-6 and T-CNLS, MS-T003 Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Physics Institute Technical University of Denmark 2800 Lyngby, Denmark; Source Info: Fall2001, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p329; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL life; Subject Term: MICELLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: COMPLEXITY MEASURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: EMERGENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: EVOLUTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROBUSTNESS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-organization; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/106454601317296988
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Baas, Nils A.
AU  - Mayer, Bernd
AU  - Nilsson, Martin
T1  - Defense of the Ansatz for Dynamical Hierarchies.
JO  - Artificial Life
JF  - Artificial Life
Y1  - 2001///Fall2001
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 373
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10645462
AB  - Gross and McMullin [Artificial Life, 7, 355-365] criticize the conclusions of our article on dynamical hierarchies [Artificial Life, 7, 329-353]. In this note we respond to their criticisms. After clarifying our ansatz, we argue that the simulations presented by Gross and McMullin present no evidence against the ansatz, in part because their simulations use a different simulation framework, and in part because their simulations are no less complex than ours. We also clarify why the micelles in our simulations are third-order emergent structures, and why we emphasize realism in our simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Artificial Life is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - ARTIFICIAL life
KW  - MICELLES
KW  - COMPLEXITY MEASURES
KW  - DYNAMICAL HIERARCHIES
KW  - EMERGENCE
KW  - SELF-ASSEMBLY
KW  - Self-organization
N1  - Accession Number: 6366440; Rasmussen, Steen 1 Baas, Nils A. 2 Mayer, Bernd 3 Nilsson, Martin 4; Affiliation:  1: EES-6 MS-T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA and Santa Fe Institute, Hyde Park Rd. 1399, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA  2: Department of Mathematical Sciences, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway  3: Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria  4: EES-6 MS-T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Fall2001, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p367; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL life; Subject Term: MICELLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: COMPLEXITY MEASURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: DYNAMICAL HIERARCHIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: EMERGENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: SELF-ASSEMBLY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-organization; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/106454601317297004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, Darrin J.
AU  - Boser, Bernhard E.
AU  - Malba, Vincent
AU  - Bernhardt, Anthony F.
T1  - A micromachined RF low phase noise voltage-controlled oscillator for wireless communications.
JO  - International Journal of RF & Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering
JF  - International Journal of RF & Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 300
SN  - 10964290
AB  - An RF low phase noise voltage-controlled oscillator is implemented with micromachined IC-compatible variable capacitors and three-dimensional coil inductor. Unlike conventional on-chip passive devices, the micromachined variable capacitors achieve a high-Q value above 60 at 1 GHz with a 15% tuning range for a nominal 2 pF capacitance with 3 V tuning voltage. Three-dimensional inductors minimize the substrate loss and achieve a Q of 30 at 1 GHz with a 4.8 nH inductance. Both passive components are fabricated on silicon substrates and thus amenable to monolithic integration with standard IC process. The prototype VCO exhibits -136 dBc/Hz phase noise at 3 MHz offset frequency from the carrier, suitable for most wireless communication applications, in particular GSM. The VCO is tunable from 855 Mhz to 863 MHz, limited by the test set-up. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 11: 285–300, 2001. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of RF & Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - NOISE control
KW  - ELECTRIC oscillators
KW  - WIRELESS communication systems
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - coil inductors
KW  - high-Q RF devices
KW  - low phase noise VCOs
KW  - micromachined passive components
KW  - micromachining
KW  - RF MEMS
KW  - RF VCOs
KW  - three-dimensional devices
KW  - tunable capacitors
N1  - Accession Number: 13360978; Young, Darrin J. 1; Email Address: div@po.cwru.edu Boser, Bernhard E. 1 Malba, Vincent 2 Bernhardt, Anthony F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Sep2001, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p285; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: NOISE control; Subject Term: ELECTRIC oscillators; Subject Term: WIRELESS communication systems; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Author-Supplied Keyword: coil inductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-Q RF devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: low phase noise VCOs; Author-Supplied Keyword: micromachined passive components; Author-Supplied Keyword: micromachining; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF VCOs; Author-Supplied Keyword: three-dimensional devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: tunable capacitors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334220 Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517210 Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite); Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs, 10 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Owen, Lewis A.
AU  - Gualtieri, Lyn
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
AU  - Caffee, Marc W.
AU  - Benn, Doug I.
AU  - Sharma, Milap C.
T1  - Cosmogenic radionuclide dating of glacial landforms in the Lahul Himalaya, northern India: defining the timing of Late Quaternary glaciation.
JO  - Journal of Quaternary Science
JF  - Journal of Quaternary Science
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 555
EP  - 563
SN  - 02678179
AB  - The timing of glaciation in the Lahul Himalaya of northern India was ascertained using the concentrations of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al from boulders on moraines and drumlins, and from glacially polished bedrock surfaces. Five glacial stages were identified: Sonapani I and II, Kulti, Batal and Chandra. Of these, cosmogenic exposure ages were obtained on samples representative of the Batal and Kulti glacial cycles. Stratigraphical relationships indicate that the Sonapani I and II are younger. No age was obtained for the Chandra glacial advance. Batal Glacial Stage deposits are found throughout the valley, indicating the presence of an extensive valley glacial system. During the Kulti Stage, glaciers advanced ca. 10 km beyond their current positions. Moraines produced during the Batal Stage, ca. 12-15.5 ka, are coeval with the Northern Hemisphere Late-glacial Interstadial (Bølling/Allerød). Deglaciation of the Batal Glacial Stage was completed by ca. 12 ka and was followed by the Kulti Glacial Stage during the early Holocene, at ca. 10-11.4 ka. On millennial time-scales, glacier oscillations in the Lahul Himalaya apparently reflect periods of positive mass-balance coincident with times of increased insolation. During these periods the South Asian summer monsoon strengthened and/or extended its influence further north and west, thereby enhancing high-altitude summer snowfall. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quaternary Science is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 64199148; Owen, Lewis A. 1; Gualtieri, Lyn 2; Finkel, Robert C. 1,3; Caffee, Marc W. 3; Benn, Doug I. 4; Sharma, Milap C. 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0423, USA; 2: Quaternary Research Center, Box 351360, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1360, USA; 3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 4: School of Geography and Geosciences, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, Scotland; 5: Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi- 110 067, India; Issue Info: Sep2001, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p555; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/jqs.621
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chih-Hua Chiao
AU  - Hamada, Michael
T1  - Analyzing experiments with degradation data for improving reliability and for achieving robust reliability.
JO  - Quality & Reliability Engineering International
JF  - Quality & Reliability Engineering International
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 344
SN  - 07488017
AB  - Statistically designed experiments provide a proactive means for improving reliability; moreover, they can be used to design products that are robust to noise factors which are hard or impossible to control. Traditionally, failure-time data have been collected; for high-reliability products, it is unlikely that failures will occur in a reasonable testing period, so the experiment will be uninformative. An alternative, however, is to collect degradation data. Take, for example, fluorescent lamps whose light intensity decreases over time. Observation of light-intensity degradation paths, given that they are smooth, provides information about the reliability of the lamp, and does not require the lamps to fail. This paper considers experiments with such data for ‘reliability improvement’, as well as for ‘robust reliability achievement’ using Taguchi's robust design paradigm. A two-stage maximum-likelihood analysis based on a nonlinear random-effects model is proposed and illustrated with data from two experiments. One experiment considers the reliability improvement of fluorescent lamps. The other experiment focuses on robust reliability improvement of light-emitting diodes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Quality & Reliability Engineering International is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FACTOR analysis
KW  - RELIABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - QUALITY control
KW  - FAILURE analysis (Engineering)
KW  - control and noise factors
KW  - loss function
KW  - maximum likelihood
KW  - product array
KW  - random-effects model
KW  - robust parameter design
N1  - Accession Number: 13381428; Chih-Hua Chiao 1 Hamada, Michael 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Business Mathematics, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan  2: Statistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NA, USA; Source Info: Sep2001, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p333; Subject Term: FACTOR analysis; Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Engineering); Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: QUALITY control; Subject Term: FAILURE analysis (Engineering); Author-Supplied Keyword: control and noise factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: loss function; Author-Supplied Keyword: maximum likelihood; Author-Supplied Keyword: product array; Author-Supplied Keyword: random-effects model; Author-Supplied Keyword: robust parameter design; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/qre.412
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wesely, M. L.
AU  - Song, J.
AU  - McMillen, R. T.
AU  - Meyers, T. P.
T1  - Effects of Soil Moisture Variations on Deposition Velocities Above Vegetation.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 1
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 15
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 15677230
AB  - The parameterized subgrid-scale surface flux (PASS) model provides a simplified means of using remote sensing data from satellites and limited surface meteorological information to estimate the influence of soil moisture on bulk canopy stomatal resistances to the uptake of gases over extended areas. PASS-generated estimates of bulk canopy stomatal resistance were used in a dry deposition module to compute gas deposition velocities with a horizontal resolution of 200 m for approximately 5000 km2 of agricultural crops and rangeland. Results were compared with measurements of O3 flux and concentrations made during April and May 1997 at two surface stations and from an aircraft. The trend in simulated O3 deposition velocity during soil moisture drydown over a period of a few days matched the trend observed at the two surface stations. For areas under the aircraft flight paths, the variability in simulated O3 deposition velocity was substantially smaller than the observed variability, while the averages over tens of kilometers were usually in agreement within 0.1 cm s-1. Model results indicated that soil moisture can have a major role in deposition of O3 and other substances strongly affected by canopy stomatal resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric deposition
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Air pollution monitoring
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Sedimentation & deposition
KW  - Ozone layer
KW  - Atmospheric ozone
KW  - Artificial satellites in remote sensing
KW  - dry deposition
KW  - latent heat flux
KW  - ozone
KW  - satellite observations
KW  - stomatal resistance
N1  - Accession Number: 17134338; Wesely, M. L. 1; Email Address: mlwesely@anl.gov; Song, J. 2; McMillen, R. T. 3; Meyers, T. P. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Div., Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; 2: Dept. of Geography, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, U.S.A.; 3: NOAA/Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 U.S.A.; Issue Info: Sep2001, Vol. 1 Issue 5/6, p5; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric deposition; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Sedimentation & deposition; Thesaurus Term: Ozone layer; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric ozone; Subject Term: Artificial satellites in remote sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: dry deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: latent heat flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: satellite observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal resistance; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pryor, S. C.
AU  - Barthelmie, R. J.
AU  - Schoof, J. T.
AU  - Sørensen, L. L.
AU  - Erickson III, D. J.
T1  - Implications of Heterogeneous Chemistry of Nitric Acid for Nitrogen Deposition to Marine Ecosystems: Observations and Modeling.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 1
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
EP  - 107
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 15677230
AB  - Size resolved particle composition and nitric acid (HNO3) measurements from the ASEPS'98 experiment conducted in the Baltic Sea are used to provide observational evidence of substantial gas-particle transfer of oxidized nitrogen (N) compounds in the marine boundary layer. We then focus on the importance of HNO3 reactions on sea salt particles in determining spatio-temporal patterns of N dry deposition to marine ecosystems. Modelling results obtained assuming no kinetic or chemical limit on HNO3 uptake and horizontally homogeneous conditions with near-neutral stability, indicate that for wind speeds 3.5 – 10 m s-1 transfer of HNO3 to the particle phase to form particle nitrate (NO3-) may decrease the N deposition velocity by 50%. We extend this research using the CHEM-COAST model to demonstrate that, in a sulphur poor environment under moderate wind speeds with HNO3 concentrations representative of those found in the marine boundary layer, inclusion of heterogeneous reactions on sea spray significantly reduces modelled NO3- deposition in the near coastal zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acid deposition
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Nitrogen compounds
KW  - Marine ecology
KW  - Nitric acid
KW  - Salt
KW  - dry deposition
KW  - HNO
KW  - HNO3
KW  - marine boundary layer
KW  - particle
KW  - phase transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 17134329; Pryor, S. C. 1; Email Address: spryor@indiana.edu; Barthelmie, R. J. 1,2; Schoof, J. T. 1; Sørensen, L. L. 2; Erickson III, D. J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric Science Program, Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN47405; 2: Dept. of Wind Energy & Atmospheric Physics, Risø National Laboratory, Dk-4000 Roskilde; 3: Computer Science & Math. Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Issue Info: Sep2001, Vol. 1 Issue 5/6, p99; Thesaurus Term: Acid deposition; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen compounds; Thesaurus Term: Marine ecology; Subject Term: Nitric acid; Subject Term: Salt; Author-Supplied Keyword: dry deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: HNO; Author-Supplied Keyword: HNO3; Author-Supplied Keyword: marine boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase transfer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Brooks, S.
AU  - Lin, C-J.
AU  - Scott, K.
AU  - Meyers, T.
AU  - Chambers, L.
AU  - Landis, M.
AU  - Stevens, R.
T1  - Formation of Reactive Gaseous Mercury in the Arctic: Evidence of Oxidation of Hg° to Gas-Phase Hg-II Compounds after Arctic Sunrise.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus
Y1  - 2001/09//
VL  - 1
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
EP  - 302
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 15677230
AB  - We have measured total gaseous mercury concentrations (Hg°) at Point Barrow, Alaska since September 1998 in an effort to determine the geographic extent and reaction mechanism of the so-called mercury depletion events (MDE) previously reported in the high Arctic at Alert, Canada. Hg° has been sampled now for nearly 2 years at Barrow. In September, 1999, we began making the first automated measurements of reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) attempted in the Arctic, along with measurements of Hg accumulation in snowpack to determine the fate of the `depleted' Hg°. During the fall and early winter, Hg° and RGM exhibit only minor variation, Hg° remaining within ∼10% of global background, near 1.6–1.8 ng m-3. The MDE periods are quite different, however; within days of Arctic sunrise in January, Hg° exhibits major variations from the mean, rapidly dropping as low as 0.05 ng m-3 and then cycling back to typical levels, sometimes exceeding global background. These events continue throughout Arctic spring, then end abruptly following snowmelt, in early June. Prior to Arctic sunrise, RGM remains near detection (<2 pg m-3), but after sunrise increases dramatically (to levels as high as 900 pg/m3) in synchrony with the `depletion' of Hg°. Both phenomena exhibit a strong diel cycle, in parallel with UV-B. We conclude that MDE's involve rapid in-air oxidation of Hg° to a species of RGM by photochemically-driven reactions, probably involving the same reactive bromine and chlorine compounds involved in ozone destruction. Sharp increases in Hg in the surface snowpack after sunrise coincident with periods of peak RGM suggest surface accumulation of the RGM by dry deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Gas analysis
KW  - Mercury -- Analysis
KW  - Arctic regions
KW  - atmosphere
KW  - deposition
KW  - mercury
KW  - Polar
KW  - speciation
N1  - Accession Number: 17134316; Lindberg, S. E. 1; Email Address: SLL@ornl.gov; Brooks, S. 2; Lin, C-J. 3; Scott, K. 4; Meyers, T. 5; Chambers, L. 2; Landis, M. 6; Stevens, R. 7; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, U.S.A.; 2: Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge; 3: Lamar University, Texas; 4: University of Manitoba, Canada; 5: NOAA Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, Oak Ridge; 6: USEPA, RTP, NC; 7: Florida DEP, Tallahassee, FL; Issue Info: Sep2001, Vol. 1 Issue 5/6, p295; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Subject Term: Gas analysis; Subject Term: Mercury -- Analysis; Subject Term: Arctic regions; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polar; Author-Supplied Keyword: speciation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - YAZICIOGLU, ALMILA GÜVENÇ
AU  - MEGARIDIS, CONSTANTINE M.
AU  - CAMPBELL, ANGELA
AU  - LEE, KYEONG-OOK
AU  - CHOI, MUN YOUNG
T1  - MEASUREMENT OF FRACTAL PROPERTIES OF SOOT AGGLOMERATES IN LAMINAR COFLOW DIFFUSION FLAMES USING THERMOPHORETIC SAMPLING IN CONJUNCTION WITH TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND IMAGE PROCESSING.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2001/09/02/
VL  - 171
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 87
SN  - 00102202
AB  - Aerosol property measurements including primary particle, radius of gyration, and number of primary particles per agglomerate have been performed for soot collected thermophoretically from the soot annulus at selected heights of laminar ethene/air, methane/air, and methane/oxygen diffusion flames and analyzed using a digital image processing technique. The fractal dimension Df  and prefactor term kf  calculated from these measurements were used to determine whether there exists a universality of these properties for inflame soot or any correspondence with previous measurements performed in the overfire region of large turbulent flames. The fractal dimension measured in this study ranged from 1.65 to 1.75, in agreement with previous measurements obtained for both inflame and overfire soot. Measurable variations in the prefactor values, which ranged from 6.75 for the methane/air diffusion flame, to 8.47 for the ethylene/air diffusion flame, were observed. An error analysis performed for these results indicated that there is up to 6 percent and 22 percent uncertainty in the fractal dimension and prefactor values, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fractal properties
KW  - Soot structure
N1  - Accession Number: 75866275; YAZICIOGLU, ALMILA GÜVENÇ 1; MEGARIDIS, CONSTANTINE M. 1; CAMPBELL, ANGELA 2; LEE, KYEONG-OOK 3; CHOI, MUN YOUNG 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; 2: Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, Aurora, Illinois, USA; 3: Center forTransportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Darien, Illinois, USA; 4: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Issue Info: Jan2001, Vol. 171 Issue 1, p71; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractal properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soot structure; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102200108907859
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chou, Charissa J.
AU  - O'Brien, Robert F.
AU  - Brent Barnett, D.
T1  - Application of Intrawell Testing of RCRA Groundwater Monitoring Data When No Upgradient Well Exists.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2001/09/05/
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 106
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - A statistical quality control approach to detect changes in groundwater quality from a regulated waste unit is described. The approach applies the combined Shewhart-CUSUM control chart methodology for intrawell comparison of analyte concentrations over time and does not require an upgradient well. A case study from the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site is used for illustration purposes. This method is broadly applicable in groundwater monitoring programs where there is no clearly defined upgradient location, the groundwater flow rate is exceptionally slow, or where a high degree of spatial variability exists in parameter concentrations. This study also indicates that the use of the Data Quality Objectives (DQO) process can assist in designing an efficient and cost-effective groundwater monitoring plan to achieve the optimum goal of both low false positive and low false negative rates (high power). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Methodology
KW  - United States
KW  - combined Shewhart—CUSUM control chart
KW  - combined Shewhart-CUSUM control chart
KW  - groundwater monitoring
KW  - RCRA
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 16656005; Chou, Charissa J. 1; O'Brien, Robert F. 1; Brent Barnett, D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Sep2001, Vol. 71 Issue 1, p91; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Subject Term: Quality control; Subject Term: Methodology; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined Shewhart—CUSUM control chart; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined Shewhart-CUSUM control chart; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: RCRA ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Branchini, E.
AU  - Freudling, W.
AU  - Da Costa, L.N.
AU  - Frenk, C.S.
AU  - Giovanelli, R.
AU  - Haynes, M.P.
AU  - Salzer, J.J.
AU  - Wegner, G.
AU  - Zehavi, I.
T1  - Comparing the SFI peculiar velocities with the PSCz gravity field: a VELMOD analysis.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2001/09/21/
VL  - 326
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1191
EP  - 1204
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We compare the peculiar velocities derived from the I-band Tully–Fisher (TF) relation for 989 field spiral galaxies in the SFI catalogue with the predicted velocity field derived from the IRAS PSCz galaxy redshift survey. We assume linear gravitational instability theory and apply the maximum likelihood technique, VELMOD to SFI galaxies within a redshift czLG=6000 km s-1. The resulting calibration of the TF relation is consistent with a previous, independent calibration for a similar sample of spirals residing in clusters. Our analysis provides an accurate estimate of the quantity βI ≡ Ωm0.6/bI, where bI is the linear biasing parameter for IRAS galaxies. Using the forward TF relation and smoothing the predicted velocity field with a Gaussian filter of radius 300 km s-1, we obtain βI=0.42±0.04 (1σ uncertainty). This value, as well as other parameters in the fit, are robust to varying the smoothing radius to 500 km s-1 and splitting the sample into spherical shells in redshift space. The one exception is the small-scale velocity dispersion, σv, which varies from ∼ 200 km s-1 (within czLG=4000 km s-1) to ∼ 500 km s-1 at larger distance. For βI≃0.42, the residuals between the TF data and the PSCz gravity field are uncorrelated, indicating that the model provides a good fit to the data. More generally, a χ2 statistic indicates that the PSCz model velocity field provides an acceptable (3σ) fit to the data for 0.3<βI<0.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALAXIES -- Clusters
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - cosmology: observations
KW  - cosmology: theory
KW  - galaxies: clusters: general
KW  - galaxies: distances and redshifts
KW  - large-scale structure of Universe
N1  - Accession Number: 5892202; Branchini, E. 1 Freudling, W. 2 Da Costa, L.N. 3 Frenk, C.S. 4 Giovanelli, R. 5 Haynes, M.P. 5 Salzer, J.J. 6 Wegner, G. 7 Zehavi, I. 8; Affiliation:  1: 1Kapteyn Institute, University of Groningen, Landleven 12, PO Box 800, 9700, Groningen, the Netherlands  2: 3Space Telescope – European Coordination Facility, Karl-Schwarschild Strasse 2, 85748, Garching, Germany  3: 4European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarschild Strasse 2, 85748, Garching, Germany  4: 5Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE  5: 6Center for Radiophysics and Space Research and National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  6: 7Astronomy Department, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457, USA  7: 8Department of Physics and Astronomy, Darmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA  8: 9NASA/Fermilab Astrophysiscs Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA; Source Info: 9/21/2001, Vol. 326 Issue 3, p1191; Subject Term: GALAXIES -- Clusters; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: distances and redshifts; Author-Supplied Keyword: large-scale structure of Universe; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04671.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palakal, M. J.
AU  - Pidaparti, R. M. V.
AU  - Rebbapragada, S.
AU  - Jones, C. R.
T1  - Intelligent Computational Methods for Corrosion Damage Assessment.
JO  - AIAA Journal
JF  - AIAA Journal
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 39
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1936
EP  - 1943
SN  - 00011452
AB  - Corrosion is one of the damage mechanisms affecting the structural integrity of aging aircraft structures. Various nondestructive inspection (NDI) techniques are being used to obtain images of corroded regions on structures. A computational approach using wavelet transforms and artificial neural networks to analyze and quantify the extent of corrosion damage from the NDI images is described. The wavelet parameters obtained from the images were first used to classify between corroded and uncorroded regions using a clustering algorithm. The corroded regions were further analyzed to obtain the material loss due to corrosion using an artificial neural network model. Experiments were carried out to investigate the developed methods for aircraft panels with engineered corrosion obtained from the Federal Aviation Administration Validation Center in Albuquerque. The results presented indicate that the computational methods developed for corrosion analysis seem to provide reasonable results for estimating material loss due to corrosion damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIAA Journal is the property of American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - AIRPLANES
KW  - WAVELETS (Mathematics)
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
N1  - Accession Number: 13352734; Palakal, M. J. 1 Pidaparti, R. M. V. 2,3 Rebbapragada, S. 4 Jones, C. R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Associate Professor, Department of Computer and Information Science, 723 W. Michigan Street, SL 280, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202  2: Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 723 W. Michigan Street, SL 260, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202  3: Associate Fellow AIAA  4: Graduate Student, Department of Computer Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202  5: Senior Technical Staff, Federal Aviation Administration-Nondestruction Inspection Validation Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106; Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 39 Issue 10, p1936; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: AIRPLANES; Subject Term: WAVELETS (Mathematics); Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336411 Aircraft Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Getov, Vladimir
AU  - Laszewski, Gregor Von
AU  - Philippsen, Michael
AU  - Foster, Ian
T1  - MULTIPARADIGM COMMUNICATIONS IN JAVA FOR GRID COMPUTING.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 44
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 125
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article discusses the utility of multiparadigm communications in Java programming language for grid computing. The computational science community has long been at the forefront of advanced computing, due to its need to solve problems requiring resources beyond those provided by the most powerful computers. More recently, the widespread availability of high-speed networks and the growing awareness of the new problem solving modalities made possible when these networks are used to couple geographically distributed resources have stimulated interest in so called grid computing. Besides making these communication paradigms available and efficient in Java, further advances are needed to realize the full potential of emerging grids in which users deal with heterogeneous systems, diverse programming paradigms and the needs of multiple user communities. Advanced applications like those in science and engineering can require multiple communication abstractions, ranging from message passing to remote method invocation and component frameworks.  INSETS: Java Grande.;10 Reasons to Use Java in Grid Computing.;Components and JavaBeans..
KW  - JAVA (Computer program language)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - MULTIPARADIGM programming (Computer science)
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems)
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
N1  - Accession Number: 11934661; Getov, Vladimir 1,2; Email Address: V.S.Getov@wmin.ac.uk Laszewski, Gregor Von 3; Email Address: gregor@mcs.anl.gov Philippsen, Michael 4; Email Address: michael@philippsen.com Foster, Ian 5; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Professor of Distributed and High-Performance Computing in the School of Computer Science, University of West Minister in London, U.K..  2: Visiting Scientist, Computer and Computational Sciences Division of Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico.  3: Assistant Scientist, Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory and a fellow, Computation Institute of Univeristy of Chicago, IL.  4: Senior Researcher in Computer Science Department, University of Karlsruhe, Germany.  5: Senior Scientist and Associate Director, Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory and Professor of Computer Science in University of Chicago, IL.; Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 44 Issue 10, p118; Subject Term: JAVA (Computer program language); Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: MULTIPARADIGM programming (Computer science); Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems); Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/383845.383872
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gower, S. T.
AU  - Krankina, O.
AU  - Olson, R. J.
AU  - Apps, M.
AU  - Linder, S.
AU  - Wang, C.
T1  - NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION AND CARBON ALLOCATION PATTERNS OF BOREAL FOREST ECOSYSTEMS.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1395
EP  - 1411
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study which examines the net primary production (NPP) and carbon allocation patterns for boreal forests, the relationship between climatic and biological variables and NPP, and carbon allocation coefficients for all boreal forests. It describes the number and spatial coverage of boreal forest NPP data to evaluate estimates from ecosystem models. Also noted are the deficiencies of boreal forest NPP data including ground layer vegetation and belowground NPP.
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - Taigas
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Forests & forestry -- Northern Hemisphere
KW  - aboveground net primary production
KW  - belowground net primary production
KW  - boreal forests
KW  - carbon allocation
KW  - litter production
KW  - net primary production
N1  - Accession Number: 112065302; Gower, S. T. 1; Krankina, O. 2; Olson, R. J. 3; Apps, M. 4; Linder, S. 5; Wang, C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Forest Ecology and Management, 1630 Linden Drive, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 USA; 2: Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6407 USA; 4: Forestry Canada, Edmonton, Alberta T6H 3S5 Canada; 5: Department for Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1395; Thesaurus Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Taigas; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Ecosystems; Subject Term: Forests & forestry -- Northern Hemisphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: aboveground net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: belowground net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: boreal forests; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: litter production; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary production; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1395:NPPACA]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujimori, Akira
AU  - Tachiiri, Seiji
AU  - Sonoda, Eiichiro
AU  - Thompson, Larry H.
AU  - Dhar, Pawan Kumar
AU  - Hiraoka, Masahiro
AU  - Takeda, Shunichi
AU  - Yong Zhang
AU  - Reth, Michael
AU  - Takata, Minoru
T1  - Rad52 partially substitutes for the Rad51 paralog XRCC3 in maintaining chromosomal integrity in vertebrate cells.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2001/10//10/1/2001
VL  - 20
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5513
EP  - 5520
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Yeast Rad52 DNA-repair mutants exhibit pronounced radiation sensitivity and a defect in homologous re combination (HR), whereas vertebrate cells lacking Rad52 exhibit a nearly normal phenotype. Bio chemical studies show that both yeast Rad52 and Rad5 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - ANTIMUTAGENS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - DT40
KW  - homologous recombination
KW  - Rad51 paralogs
KW  - Rad52
KW  - XRCC3.
N1  - Accession Number: 12955372; Fujimori, Akira 1 Tachiiri, Seiji 2 Sonoda, Eiichiro 1,3 Thompson, Larry H. 4 Dhar, Pawan Kumar 1,3 Hiraoka, Masahiro 2 Takeda, Shunichi 1,3 Yong Zhang 5 Reth, Michael 5 Takata, Minoru 1,3,6; Email Address: rntakata@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-850 I.  2: Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507.  3: CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan.  4: BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-4808, USA.  5: Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 5 I, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany.  6: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushirna, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.; Source Info: 10/1/2001, Vol. 20 Issue 19, p5513; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: ANTIMUTAGENS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Author-Supplied Keyword: DT40; Author-Supplied Keyword: homologous recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rad51 paralogs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rad52; Author-Supplied Keyword: XRCC3.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/20.19.5513
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Wen-Tso
AU  - Mirzabekov, Andrei D.
AU  - Stahl, David A.
T1  - Optimization of an oligonucleotide microchip for microbial identification studies: a non-equilibrium dissociation approach.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 3
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 619
EP  - 629
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - SummaryThe utility of a high-density oligonucleotide microarray (microchip) for identifying strains of five closely related bacilli (Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus medusa and Bacillus subtilis) was demonstrated using an approach that compares the non-equilibrium dissociation rates (‘melting curves’) of all probe–target duplexes simultaneously. For this study, a hierarchical set of 30 oligonucleotide probes targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA of these bacilli at multiple levels of specificity (approximate taxonomic ranks of domain, kingdom, order, genus and species) was designed and immobilized in a high-density matrix of gel pads on a glass slide. Reproducible melting curves for probes with different levels of specificity were obtained using an optimized salt concentration. Clear discrimination between perfect match (PM) and mismatch (MM) duplexes was achieved. By normalizing the signals to an internal standard (a universal probe), a more than twofold discrimination (> 2.4×) was achieved between PM and 1-MM duplexes at the dissociation temperature at which 50% of the probe–target duplexes remained intact. This provided excellent differentiation among representatives of different Bacillus species, both individually and in mixtures of two or three. The overall pattern of hybridization derived from this hierarchical probe set also provided a clear ‘chip fingerprint’ for each of these closely related Bacillus species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 5471068; Liu, Wen-Tso 1 Mirzabekov, Andrei D. 2 Stahl, David A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Health Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.  2: Center for Mechanistic Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.; Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 3 Issue 10, p619; Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 18 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2001.00233.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paunesku, T.
AU  - Mittal, S.
AU  - Protić, M.
AU  - Oryhon, J.
AU  - Korolev, S. V.
AU  - Joachimiak, A.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
T1  - Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA): ringmaster of the genome.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 77
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1007
EP  - 1021
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein is one of the central molecules responsible for decisions of life and death of the cell. The PCNA gene is induced by p53, while PCNA protein interacts with p53-controlled proteins Gadd45, MyD118, CR6 and, most importantly, p21, in the process of deciding cell fate. If PCNA protein is present in abundance in the cell in the absence of p53, DNA replication occurs. On the other hand, if PCNA protein levels are high in the cell in the presence of p53, DNA repair takes place. If PCNA is rendered non-functional or is absent or present in low quantities in the cell, apoptosis occurs. The evolution from prokaryotes to eukaryotes involved a change of function of PCNA from a 'simple' sliding clamp protein of the DNA polymerase complex to an executive molecule controlling critical cellular decision pathways. The evolution of multicellular organisms led to the development of multicellular processes such as differentiation, senescence and apoptosis. PCNA, already an essential molecule in the life of single cellular organisms, then became a protein critical for the survival of multicellular organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - CELL death
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - DNA damage
N1  - Accession Number: 5425453; Paunesku, T. 1 Mittal, S. 1 Protić, M. 1 Oryhon, J. 1 Korolev, S. V. 1 Joachimiak, A. 1 Woloschak, G. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4833, USA; Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 77 Issue 10, p1007; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Subject Term: CELL death; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: DNA damage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000110069335
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, Sujit
AU  - Schmoyer, Rick
AU  - Harrison, Glen
AU  - Hausker, Karl
T1  - Prospects of Inspection and Maintenance of Two-Wheelers in India.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 51
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1391
EP  - 1400
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Two-wheeler vehicles in Delhi, India--roughly 70% of the total vehicle fleet--are responsible for a significant portion of the city's vehicle emissions and petroleum consumption. An inspection and maintenance (I/M) program that ensures vehicle emission control systems are well maintained can complement other emission reduction strategies. This paper presents the initial findings of extensive data collected on vehicle characteristics and emissions for two-wheeler vehicles operating in Delhi in a series of I/M camps conducted by the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers and various partners in late 1999. The analysis shows idle HC and CO emissions [measured in terms of parts per million (ppm) and volume % (vol %), respectively] in a slow declining trend with subsequent model years, reflecting tighter emission standards and more advanced emission technologies. The I/M benefits--3 vol % and 39% reduction in idle and mass CO, respectively; 40 vol % and 22% reduction in idle and mass HC, respectively; and a 10-20% increase in fuel efficiency--were higher than those reported in the literature. Although these benefits are substantial, any implementation strategy needs to consider cost-effectiveness. In the present study, only 10% of vehicles--contributing 22% of the total vehicle emissions--failed the idle CO standard. Fleet emissions data variability necessitates a large sample size to develop a baseline for the vehicle fleet, but a smaller, scientifically designed sample and better data collection quality could periodically track the benefits at future camps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Pollution control equipment
KW  - Delhi (India)
KW  - India
N1  - Accession Number: 12252935; Das, Sujit 1; Email Address: dasa@orni.gov; Schmoyer, Rick 1; Harrison, Glen 1; Hausker, Karl 2; Affiliations: 1: Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2: PA Consulting Group, Arlington, Virginia; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 51 Issue 10, p1391; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollution control equipment; Subject: Delhi (India); Subject: India; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srivastava, Ravi K.
AU  - Sedman, Charles B.
AU  - Kilgroe, James D.
AU  - Smith, Dennis
AU  - Renninger, Scott
T1  - Preliminary Estimates of Performance and Cost of Mercury Control Technology Applications on Electric Utility Boilers.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 51
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1460
EP  - 1470
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Under the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) determined that regulation of mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants is appropriate and necessary. To aid in this determination, preliminary estimates of the performance and cost of powdered activated carbon (PAC) injection-based mercury control technologies were developed. This paper presents these estimates and develops projections of costs for future applications. Cost estimates were developed using PAC to achieve a minimum of 80% mercury removal at plants using electrostatic precipitators and a minimum of 90% removal at plants using fabric filters. These estimates ranged from 0.305 to 3.783 mills/kWh. However, the higher costs were associated with a minority of plants using hot-side electrostatic precipitators (HESPs). If these costs are excluded, the estimates range from 0.305 to 1.915 mills/kWh. Cost projections developed using a composite lime-PAC sorbent for mercury removal ranged from 0.183 to 2.270 mills/kWh, with the higher costs being associated with a minority of plants that used HESPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Coal-fired power plants
KW  - Pollution -- Law & legislation
N1  - Accession Number: 12252944; Srivastava, Ravi K. 1; Sedman, Charles B. 1; Kilgroe, James D. 1; Smith, Dennis 2; Renninger, Scott 2; Affiliations: 1: Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 51 Issue 10, p1460; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Coal-fired power plants; Thesaurus Term: Pollution -- Law & legislation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 10 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holden, P. A.
AU  - Hersman, L. E.
AU  - Firestone, M. K.
T1  - Water Content Mediated Microaerophilic Toluene Biodegradation in Arid Vadose Zone Materials.
JO  - Microbial Ecology
JF  - Microbial Ecology
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 42
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
EP  - 266
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00953628
AB  - We investigated the conditions promoting toluene biodegradation for gasoline-contaminated near-surface (0.6 m depth) and subsurface (4.7 to 5.0 m depth) vadose zone soils sampled from an arid environment. At both depths, water addition was required for toluene biodegradation to occur. In near-surface samples, no inorganic nutrient addition was necessary and (i) biodegradation was fastest at 0.0 MPa, (ii) biodegradation rates decreased with decreasing water potential down to ?1.0 MPa, and (iii) biodegradation was undetectable at ?1.5 MPa. For subsurface material, toluene depletion was stimulated either by slurrying with a nutrient solution or by adjusting the moisture content to 20% (0.0 MPa) with nutrient solution and lowering the oxygen concentration (to effectively 1 mg L?1 in the aqueous phase). Thus, in the subsurface material, toluene depletion was microaerobic and nutrient-limited, occurring only under low oxygen and with inorganic nutrient addition. Our studies implicate microaerophily as an important characteristic of the toluene-degrading communities in these dry soils, with soil water as a primary controller of oxygen availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbial Ecology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Toluene
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Soils
KW  - Oxygen
N1  - Accession Number: 15253701; Holden, P. A. 1; Email Address: holden@bren.ucsb.edu; Hersman, L. E. 2; Firestone, M. K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545, USA; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p256; Thesaurus Term: Toluene; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Oxygen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00248-001-0010-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
AU  - Radisky, Derek
AU  - Bissell, M J
AU  - Radisky, D
T1  - Putting tumours in context.
JO  - Nature Reviews Cancer
JF  - Nature Reviews Cancer
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
M3  - journal article
SP  - 46
EP  - 54
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 1474175X
AB  - The interactions between cancer cells and their micro- and macroenvironment create a context that promotes tumour growth and protects it from immune attack. The functional association of cancer cells with their surrounding tissues forms a new 'organ' that changes as malignancy progresses. Investigation of this process might provide new insights into the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and could also lead to new therapeutic targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Reviews Cancer is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER cells
KW  - TUMORS
N1  - Accession Number: 9061364; Bissell, Mina J. Radisky, Derek Bissell, M J 1 Radisky, D; Affiliation:  1: Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 99720, USA; Source Info: Oct2001, Vol. 1 Issue 1, p46; Subject Term: CANCER cells; Subject Term: TUMORS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: journal article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raab, Theodore K.
AU  - Martin, Michael C.
T1  - Visualizing rhizosphere chemistry of legumes with mid-infrared synchrotron radiation.
JO  - Planta
JF  - Planta
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 213
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 881
EP  - 887
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00320935
AB  - A bright synchrotron light source operated by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory served as an external source for infrared (IR) microscopy of plant root microcosms. Mid-IR light from synchrotrons is 2–3 orders of magnitude brighter than conventional sources, providing contrast based on the chemical information in the reflected signal at a spatial resolution near the diffraction-limit of 3–10 µm. In an experiment using plant root microcosms fitted with zinc selenide IR-transmissive windows (50 mm·× 20 mm × 1 mm), we describe chemical differences and similarities within the root zone of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.), grown with or without phosphorus, and revealed by reflectance spectromicroscopy. Comparative root and root-exudate profiles are described in sand/silt culture over the wavelength range of 2.5 to 16 µm (4,000 to 650 cm–1) in the mid-IR, the spectral region most useful for the analytical identification of small organic molecules. Root epidermal tissue of plants grown with low phosphorus showed a greater lipid contribution and less lignin than nutrient-sufficient plants. In the zone 200 µm from the root axis, control plants were enriched with simple sugars and monomeric lignin precursors. In low-phosphorus plants, the rhizosphere possessed IR signatures from protein and sugars. Individual soil minerals could be easily discriminated from biological material. Synchrotron IR spectromicroscopy, therefore, complements existing root imaging techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Planta is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Synchrotrons
KW  - Electromagnetic waves
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - Light sources
KW  - Infrared signature
KW  - Rhizosphere
KW  - Root imaging
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Vigna (rhizosphere)
N1  - Accession Number: 16132211; Raab, Theodore K. 1,2; Email Address: tkraab@culter.colorado.edu; Martin, Michael C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Mountain Research Station, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0334, USA; 2: Advanced Light Source Division, Mail Stop 7-222, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 213 Issue 6, p881; Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus; Subject Term: Synchrotrons; Subject Term: Electromagnetic waves; Subject Term: Carbohydrates; Subject Term: Light sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared signature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhizosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Root imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vigna (rhizosphere); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s004250100554
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guttikunda, Sarath K.
AU  - Thongboonchoo, Narisara
AU  - Arndt, Richard L.
AU  - Calori, Giuseppe
AU  - Carmichael, Gregory R.
AU  - Streets, David G.
T1  - Sulfur Deposition in Asia: Seasonal Behavior and Contributions from Various Energy Sectors.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2001/10//
VL  - 131
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
EP  - 406
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Sulfur transport and deposition in Asia, on an annual and seasonal basis, is analyzed using the ATMOS model. Calculations are performed for two complete years (1990 and 1995). Deposition amounts in excess of 0.5 g S m-2 yr-1 are estimated for large regions in Asia, with values as high as 10 g S m-2 yr-1 in southeastern China. Annual averaged SO2 concentrations in excess of 20 μg SO2 m-3 are calculated for many urban and suburban areas of eastern China and S. Korea, with an average of 5 μg SO2 m-3 over most of the emitter regions. Sulfur deposition by major source categories is also studied. Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore) receives ∼25% of its sulfur deposition from shipping activities. Sulfur deposition from bio-fuel burning is significant for most of the underdeveloped regions in Asia. Volcanoes are a major source of sulfur emissions in the Pacific Ocean, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and Southern Japan. Sulfur deposition is shown to vary significantly throughout the year. The monsoons are found to be the largest factor controlling sulfur transport and deposition in the Indian sub-continent and Southeast Asia. India receives over 35% of its total deposition during the summer months. In East Asia, sulfur deposition is estimated to be 10% higher during summer and fall than winter and spring. Model results are compared with observations from a number of monitoring networks in Asia and are found to be generally consistent with the limited observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy industries
KW  - Sulfur
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Indonesia
KW  - Papua New Guinea
KW  - South Asia
KW  - annual sulfur deposition
KW  - asia
KW  - long range transport
KW  - seasonal sulfur deposition
KW  - sectoral analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 16603590; Guttikunda, Sarath K. 1; Thongboonchoo, Narisara 1; Arndt, Richard L. 1; Calori, Giuseppe 1; Carmichael, Gregory R. 1; Email Address: gcarmich@engineering.uiowa.edu; Streets, David G. 2; Affiliations: 1: Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, U.S.A.; 2: Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700, South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 131 Issue 1-4, p383; Thesaurus Term: Energy industries; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; Subject: Indonesia; Subject: Papua New Guinea; Subject: South Asia; Author-Supplied Keyword: annual sulfur deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: asia; Author-Supplied Keyword: long range transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: seasonal sulfur deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: sectoral analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanojo, Hanafi
AU  - Hostýnek, Jurij J.
AU  - Mountford, H. Scott
AU  - Maibach, Howard I.
T1  - In Vitro Permeation of Nickel Salts Through Human Stratum Corneum.
JO  - Acta Dermato-Venereologica
JF  - Acta Dermato-Venereologica
Y1  - 2001/10/02/Oct/Nov2001 Supplement 212
VL  - 81
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 23
PB  - Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica
SN  - 00015555
AB  - Allergic contact dermatitis due to nickel salts is common. It is therefore important to measure the permeation of these salts through the stratum corneum (SC), the primary rate-limiting domain in skin. An advanced diffusion system and analytical techniques now enable better measurement of the flux than was possible in earlier experiments. Human SC was prepared by trypsinization of dermatomed cadaver leg skin. The diffusion system included diffusion cells with a spiral line. Aqueous solutions of nickel salts (Ni(NO[sub 3])[sub 2], NiSO [sub 4], NiCl[sub 2] and Ni([sup -]OOCCH[sub 3])[sub 2] at 1 % Ni[sup 2+] concentration) were used as the donor solution (400 μ L/cell). The receptor fluid, pure water, was collected up to 96h after application of the donor solutions. Nickel concentrations in the donor and receptor fluid, as well as in the SC, were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with a confidence limit of 0.5ppb. Based on the total recovery of nickel from the experiments, about 98 % of the dose remained in the donor solution, whereas 1 % or less was retained in SC and less than 1 % was found in the receptor fluid. Following an early surge, nickel permeates slowly across SC. The steady-state permeability coefficients of nickel were calculated from the flux data (approximately 5.2-8.5 × 10[sup -7] cm/h) with no significant difference among the salts. The results concur in principle with earlier studies conducted using the full-thickness human skin in vitro, and suggest that in vivo nickel ions may permeate simultaneously by routes of diffusion such as the shunt pathway, apart from slow transcellular/intercellular diffusion alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Dermato-Venereologica is the property of Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SKIN
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - CONTACT dermatitis
KW  - CELLS
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - ALLERGY
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - HUMAN
KW  - IN VITRO
KW  - NICKEL SALTS
KW  - PERCUTANOUS ABSORPTION
KW  - Stratum corneum
N1  - Accession Number: 5596288; Tanojo, Hanafi 1 Hostýnek, Jurij J. 2 Mountford, H. Scott 3 Maibach, Howard I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA  2: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA; Euramerican Technology Resources, Inc., Lafayette, CA 94549, USA  3: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct/Nov2001 Supplement 212, Vol. 81, p19; Subject Term: SKIN; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: CONTACT dermatitis; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: ALLERGY; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: HUMAN; Author-Supplied Keyword: IN VITRO; Author-Supplied Keyword: NICKEL SALTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PERCUTANOUS ABSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stratum corneum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/000155501753279596
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Askari, Minoo
AU  - Miller, Gordon
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Synchronous luminescence: a simple technique for the analysis of hydrolysis activity of the fragile histidine triad protein.
JO  - Biotechnology Letters
JF  - Biotechnology Letters
Y1  - 2001/10/15/
VL  - 23
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 1697
EP  - 1702
SN  - 01415492
AB  - Human fragile histidine triad (FHIT) protein has dinucleoside 5′,5′′′-P1,Pn-polyphosphates hydrolysis activity, with AMP being one of the reaction products. Application of synchronous luminescence (SL) spectroscopy, in which both excitation and emission wavelengths are scanned simultaneously while a constant wavelength interval is maintained between them, was investigated for detection of the enzymatic activity of the FHIT protein. Ability of SL to identify reaction components, AMP production and its increase as a result of increase in substrate concentration and inhibition of the hydrolysis activity by ZnCl2 are demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Dinucleoside polyphosphates
KW  - Glycolipids
KW  - Solvolysis
KW  - fluorescence spectroscopy
KW  - fragile histidine triad gene
KW  - hydrolysis
KW  - synchronous luminescence spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15607950; Askari, Minoo 1,2; Miller, Gordon 1; Vo-Dinh, Tuan 1,2; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA.; 2: University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6101, USA.; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 23 Issue 20, p1697; Thesaurus Term: Hydrolysis; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Dinucleoside polyphosphates; Subject Term: Glycolipids; Subject Term: Solvolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: fragile histidine triad gene; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchronous luminescence spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kajava, Andrey V.
AU  - Cheng, Naiqian
AU  - Cleaver, Ryan
AU  - Kessel, Martin
AU  - Simon, Martha N.
AU  - Willery, Eve
AU  - Jacob-Dubuisson, Francoise
AU  - Locht, Camille
AU  - Steven, Alasdair C.
T1  - Beta-helix model for the filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin of Bordetella pertussis and related bacterial secretory proteins.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/10/15/
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 292
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Bordetella pertussis establishes infection by attaching to epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. One of its adhesins is filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA), a 500-Å-long secreted protein that is rich in β-structure and contains two regions, R1 and R2, of tandem 19-residue repeats. Two models have been proposed in which the central shaft is (i) a hairpin made up of a pairing of two long antiparallel β-sheets; or (ii) a β-helix in which the polypeptide chain is coiled to form three long parallel β-sheets. We have analysed a truncated variant of FHA by electron microscopy (negative staining, shadowing and scanning transmission electron microscopy of unstained specimens): these observations support the latter model. Further support comes from detailed sequence analysis and molecular modelling studies. We applied a profile search method to the sequences adjacent to and between R1 and R2 and found additional ‘covert’ copies of the same motifs that may be recognized in overt form in the R1 and R2 sequence repeats. Their total number is sufficient to support the tenet of the β-helix model that the shaft domain – a 350 Å rod – should consist of a continuous run of these motifs, apart from loop inserts. The N-terminus, which does not contain such repeats, was found to be weakly homologous to cyclodextrin transferase, a protein of known immunoglobulin-like structure. Drawing on crystal structures of known β-helical proteins, we developed structural models of the coil motifs putatively formed by the R1 and R2 repeats. Finally, we applied the same profile search method to the sequence database and found several other proteins – all large secreted proteins of bacterial provenance – that have similar repeats and probably also similar structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Whooping cough
KW  - Filamentous fungi
N1  - Accession Number: 6007388; Kajava, Andrey V. 1; Cheng, Naiqian 2; Cleaver, Ryan 2; Kessel, Martin 2; Simon, Martha N. 3; Willery, Eve 4; Jacob-Dubuisson, Francoise 4; Locht, Camille 4; Steven, Alasdair C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Center for Molecular Modeling, Center for Information Technology, and; 2: Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and, Skin Diseases, Bldg 6, Room B2-34, MSC 2717, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-2717, USA.; 3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; 4: INSERM U447, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1, rue du Prof. Calmette, 59019 Lille, France.; Issue Info: Oct2001, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p279; Subject Term: Whooping cough; Subject Term: Filamentous fungi; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 14 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02598.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Enjalran, M.
AU  - Scalettar, R.T.
AU  - Kauzlarich, S.M.
T1  - Geometric frustration in the mixed layer pnictide oxides.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 79
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1333
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - We present results from a Monte Carlo investigation of a simple bilayer model with geometrically frustrated interactions similar to those found in the mixed layer pnictide oxides (Sr[sub 2] Mn[sub 3] Pn[sub 2] O[sub 2] , Pn = As, Sb). Our model is composed of two inequivalent square lattices with nearest-neighbor intralayer and interlayer interactions. We find a ground state composed of two independent Néel-ordered layers when the interlayer exchange is an order of magnitude weaker than the intralayer exchange, as suggested by experiment. We observe this result independent of the number of layers in our model. We find evidence for local orthogonal order between the layers, but it occurs in regions of parameter space that are not experimentally realized. We conclude that frustration caused by nearest-neighbor interactions in the mixed layer pnictide oxides is not sufficient to explain the long-range orthogonal order that is observed experimentally, and that it is likely that other terms (e.g., local anisotropies) in the Hamiltonian are required to explain the magnetic behavior. PACS Nos.: 75.10Hk, 75.40Mg, 75.50-y, 75.25+z Nous présentons les résultats d'une étude Monte Carlo d'un modèle simple bi-couche avec interaction géométriquement frustrée similaire à celle trouvée dans les oxides pnictides (Sr[sub 2] Mn[sub 3] Pn[sub 2] O[sub 2] , Pn = As, Sb). Notre modèle est composé de deux réseaux carrés inéquivalents avec interactions plus proche voisin intra-couche et entre les couches. Nous trouvons un fondamental composé de deux couches indépendantes ordonnées de type de Néel lorsque l'interaction entre les couches est un ordre de grandeur plus faible que l'interaction intra-couche, tel que suggéré par l'expérience. Ce résultat reste valable indépendamment du nombre de couches dans notre modèle. Il peut exister un ordre orthogonal entre les couches, mais ceci ne se produit que dans des régions de l'espace des paramètres qui ne sont pas expérimentalement réalisables. Nous en concluons que la frustration causée par l'interaction plus proche voisin dans ce type d'oxide à couches mixes n'est pas suffisante pour expliquer l'ordonnance orthogonale à longue portée observée et qu'il est probable que d'autres termes (par exemple d'anisotropie locale) doivent apparaître dans le Hamiltonien pour expliquer le comportement magnétique. [Traduit par la Rédaction] (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Nous présentons les résultats d'une étude Monte Carlo d'un modèle simple bi-couche avec interaction géométriquement frustrée similaire à celle trouvée dans les oxides pnictides (Sr[SUB2]Mn[SUB3]Pn[SUB2]O[SUB2], Pn = As, Sb). Notre modèle est composé de deux réseaux carrés inéquivalents avec interactions plus proche voisin intra-couche et entre les couches. Nous trouvons un fondamental composé de deux couches indépendantes ordonnées de type de Néel lorsque l'interaction entre les couches est un ordre de grandeur plus faible que l'interaction intra-couche, tel que suggéré par l'expérience. Ce résultat reste valable indépendamment du nombre de couches dans notre modèle. Il peut exister un ordre orthogonal entre les couches, mais ceci ne se produit que dans des régions de l'espace des paramètres qui ne sont pas expérimentalement réalisables. Nous en concluons que la frustration causée par l'interaction plus proche voisin dans ce type d'oxide à couches mixes n'est pas suffisante pour expliquer l'ordonnance orthogonale à longue portée observée et qu'il est probable que d'autres termes (par exemple d'anisotropie locale) doivent apparaître dans le Hamiltonien pour expliquer le comportement magnétique. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxides
KW  - Magnetism
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Hamiltonian systems
N1  - Accession Number: 10598584; Enjalran, M. 1; Scalettar, R.T. 2; Kauzlarich, S.M. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A. and Materials Research Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.A.; 2: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.; 3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Nov2001, Vol. 79 Issue 11/12, p1333; Thesaurus Term: Oxides; Thesaurus Term: Magnetism; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Hamiltonian systems; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yun-Juan Chang
AU  - Hussain, A. K. M. Anwar
AU  - Stephen, John R.
AU  - Mullen, Mike D.
AU  - White, David C.
AU  - Peacock, Aaron
T1  - IMPACT OF HERBICIDES ON THE ABUNDANCE AND STRUCTURE OF INDIGENOUS β-SUBGROUP AMMONIA-OXIDIZER COMMUNITIES IN SOIL MICROCOSMS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2462
EP  - 2468
SN  - 07307268
AB  - In this study, mixtures of five herbicide-formulated products (atrazine, dicamba, fluometuron, metolachlor, and sulfen-trazone) were applied to soil microcosm columns in increasing concentrations. The toxic impact of herbicides on the indigenous β-subclass Proteobacteria autotrophic ammonia-oxidizer (β-AAO) community was assessed. The β-AAO population abundances were estimated by competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the gene amoA, encoding the a-subunit of ammonia monooxygenase. Community structure was examined by PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis targeting 16S rDNA with band excision and sequence analysis, and by analysis of amoA gene fragment clone libraries. The 16S rDNA analyses showed that a single ribotype of Nitrosospira cluster 3 was the dominant β-AAO in all treatments. At a finer scale, amoA clone library analysis suggested a shift in community structure corresponding to the 100-ppm application. Competitive PCR indicated significant differences between treatments. The control exhibited relatively stable population abundance over the time period examined. The 10-ppm treatment induced a population increase, but a significant decrease was induced by the 100-ppm application. At 1,000 ppm, the ammonia-oxidizer population dropped below the method detection limit by the first sampling point. An impact on ammonia oxidizers resulting from the application of herbicides was observed, both in abundance and community structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HERBICIDES
KW  - ATRAZINE
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - 16S rDNA
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Herbicide
KW  - Nitrosospira
KW  - Population analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15900195; Yun-Juan Chang 1; Email Address: ychang1@utk.edu Hussain, A. K. M. Anwar 1 Stephen, John R. 2 Mullen, Mike D. 3 White, David C. 1,4 Peacock, Aaron 5; Affiliation:  1: Center for Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2575, USA  2: Crop and Weed Science, Horticulture Research International, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF, United Kingdom  3: Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2575, USA  4: Biological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  5: Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2575, USA; Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 20 Issue 11, p2462; Subject Term: HERBICIDES; Subject Term: ATRAZINE; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16S rDNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioavailability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Herbicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrosospira; Author-Supplied Keyword: Population analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418390 Agricultural chemical and other farm supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, Rebecca A.
AU  - Sample, Bradley E.
AU  - Suter II., Glenn W.
T1  - UPTAKE OF INORGANIC CHEMICALS FROM SOIL BY PLANT LEAVES: REGRESSIONS OF FIELD DATA.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2561
EP  - 2571
SN  - 07307268
AB  - The estimation of chemical concentrations in wildlife foods, such as plant foliage, is often performed for risk assessments at contaminated sites. Regression models and uptake factors for use in estimating the uptake of inorganic elements from soil by above-ground plant tissues were derived in this study. These included models for arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, and zinc. Models were developed using published data from soil contaminated in the field and were validated using measured concentrations from two contaminated sites. Single-variable regression models of log-transformed concentrations in plants versus log-transformed concentrations in soil are generally recommended over simple uptake factors for use in estimating plant uptake of inorganic contaminants in ecological risk assessments. Multiple regression models with soil concentration and pH as the variables are also recommended for estimating the uptake of four chemicals (cadmium, mercury, selenium, and zinc) by plants. Models for use in screening risk assessments, i.e., the upper 95% prediction limits on the regressions, are recommended to provide conservative estimates of uptake of inorganic chemicals by plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - HAZARDOUS waste sites
KW  - INORGANIC compounds
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Exposure
KW  - Metal
KW  - Plant uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 15900208; Efroymson, Rebecca A. 1; Email Address: efroymsonra@ornl.gov Sample, Bradley E. 1 Suter II., Glenn W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA; Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 20 Issue 11, p2561; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS waste sites; Subject Term: INORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioaccumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plant uptake; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mulholland, P. J.
AU  - Fellows, C. S.
AU  - Tank, J. L.
AU  - Grimm, N. B.
AU  - Webster, J. R.
AU  - Hamilton, S. K.
AU  - Martí, E.
AU  - Ashkenas, L.
AU  - Bowden, W. B.
AU  - Dodds, W. K.
AU  - Mcdowell, W. H.
AU  - Paul, M. J.
AU  - Peterson, B. J.
T1  - Inter-biome comparison of factors controlling stream metabolism.
JO  - Freshwater Biology
JF  - Freshwater Biology
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1503
EP  - 1517
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00465070
AB  - 1. We studied whole-ecosystem metabolism in eight streams from several biomes in North America to identify controls on the rate of stream metabolism over a large geographic range. The streams studied had climates ranging from tropical to cool-temperate and from humid to arid and were all relatively uninfluenced by human disturbances. 2. Rates of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R) and net ecosystem production (NEP) were determined using the open-system, two-station diurnal oxygen change method. 3. Three general patterns in metabolism were evident among streams: (1) relatively high GPP with positive NEP (i.e. net oxygen production) in early afternoon, (2) moderate primary production with a distinct peak in GPP during daylight but negative NEP at all times and (3) little or no evidence of GPP during daylight and a relatively constant and negative NEP over the entire day. 4. Gross primary production was most strongly correlated with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). A multiple regression model that included log PAR and stream water soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentration explained 90% of the variation in log GPP. 5. Ecosystem respiration was significantly correlated with SRP concentration and size of the transient storage zone and, together, these factors explained 73% of the variation in R. The rate of R was poorly correlated with the rate of GPP. 6. Net ecosystem production was significantly correlated only with PAR, with 53% of the variation in log NEP explained by log PAR. Only Sycamore Creek, a desert stream in Arizona, had positive NEP (GPP: R > 1), supporting the idea that streams are generally net sinks rather than net sources of organic matter. 7. Our results suggest that light, phosphorus concentration and channel hydraulics are important controls on the rate of ecosystem metabolism in streams over very extensive geographic areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Freshwater Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIVER ecology
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - inter-biome
KW  - metabolism
KW  - primary production
KW  - respiration
KW  - stream
N1  - Accession Number: 5471203; Mulholland, P. J. 1 Fellows, C. S. 2 Tank, J. L. 3 Grimm, N. B. 4 Webster, J. R. 5 Hamilton, S. K. 6 Martí, E. 7 Ashkenas, L. 8 Bowden, W. B. 9 Dodds, W. K. 10 Mcdowell, W. H. 11 Paul, M. J. 12 Peterson, B. J. 13; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.  2: Centre for Catchment and In-Stream Research, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia  3: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, U.S.A.  4: Department of Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, U.S.A.  5: Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.  6: Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, U.S.A.  7: Centre d’Estudis Avancats de Blanes (CSIC), Cami de Sta. Barbara s/n, Blanes, Girona, Spain  8: Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.  9: Landcare Research, PO Box 69, Lincoln, New Zealand  10: Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A.  11: Department of Natural Resources, James Hall, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, U.S.A.  12: Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A.  13: Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 46 Issue 11, p1503; Subject Term: RIVER ecology; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Author-Supplied Keyword: inter-biome; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: stream; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2001.00773.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McNab, Walt W.
AU  - Ruiz, Roberto
T1  - In Situ Measurement of Electro-Osmotic Fluxes and Conductivity Using Single Wellbore Tracer Tests.
JO  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
JF  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 139
SN  - 10693629
AB  - Electro-osmosis (EO), the movement of water through porous media in response to an electric field, offers a means for extracting contaminated ground water from fine-grained sediments, such as clays, that are not easily amenable to conventional pump-and-treat approaches. The EO-induced water flux is proportional to the voltage gradient in a manner analogous to the flux dependence on the hydraulic gradient under Darcy's law. The proportionality constant, the soil electro-osmotic conductivity or keo, is most easily measured in soil cores using bench-top tests, where flow is one-dimensional and interfering effects attributable to Darcy's law can be directly accounted for. In contrast, quantification of EO fluxes and keo in the field under deployment conditions can be difficult because electrodes are placed in ground water wells that may be screened across a heterogeneous mixture of lithologies. As a result, EO-induced water fluxes constitute an approximate radial flow system that is superimposed upon a Darcy flow regime through permeable pathways that may or may not be coupled with hydraulic head differences created by the EO-induced water fluxes. A single well comparative tracer test, which indirectly measures EO fluxes by comparing wellbore tracer dilution rates between background and EO-induced water fluxes, may provide a means for routinely quantifying the efficacy of EO systems in such settings. EO fluxes measured in field tests through this technique at a ground water contamination site were used to estimate a mean keo value through a semianalytic line source model of the electric field. The resulting estimate agrees well with values reported in the literature and with values obtained with bench-top tests conducted on a soil core collected in the test area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Darcy's law
KW  - Groundwater tracers
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution -- Research
KW  - Electro-osmosis
KW  - Conductivity of electrolytes
N1  - Accession Number: 63857269; McNab, Walt W. 1; Ruiz, Roberto 2; Email Address: ruiz5@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Walt McNab, an environmental scientist at Lawrence Liver-more National Laboratory, holds an M.S. and a Ph.D. in mineral engineering (hydrogeology) and a B.A. in geology from the University of California, Berkeley. His research interests include ground water flow and transport simulation, ground water chemistry and geochemical modeling, statistical studies of ground water contaminant plumes, and remediation system design. He is currently at Exponent-Failure Analysis Associates, 1970 Broadway, Ste. 250, Oakland, CA 94612; (510) 208-2001; fax (510) 208-2039; <email>wmnab@exponent.com.</email>; 2: Roberto Ruiz is a senior mechanical engineering associate at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (7000 East Ave., Mail Stop 530, Livermore, CA 94550; ). He has extensive experience in the design of chemical process systems and equipment as well as complex mechanical systems. Ruiz is a certified plant engineer and a member of the Association for Facilities Engineering.; Issue Info: Nov2001, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p133; Thesaurus Term: Darcy's law; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater tracers; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution -- Research; Subject Term: Electro-osmosis; Subject Term: Conductivity of electrolytes; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2001.tb00649.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DISSELKAMP, R. S.
AU  - DUPUIS, M.
T1  - A Temperature-Dependent Study of the Ozonolysis of Propene.
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 245
SN  - 01677764
AB  - The ozonolysis of propene has been investigated in a temperature controlled reaction chamber at 295, 260, and 230 K. Experiments were performed using a total zero air pressure of 760 Torr (STP) and propene/ozone reactant mixing ratios ranging from 2.3 to 23 ppmv. An analysis of FTIR spectra collected at the conclusion of each reaction revealed that methane was formed with a yield of 0.14 ± 0.03 (precision) for all the temperatures investigated. In addition, the yield of HCHO decreased from 0.67 ± 0.04 to 0.43 ± 0.03 upon cooling from 295 to 230 K, whereas the yield of HCOOH increased from 0.11 ± 0.02 to 0.53 ± 0.04. Experiments were also performed using an excess of cyclohexane (to scavenge OH) and it was found that the formaldehyde yield was 0.79 ± 0.05 and 0.61 ± 0.04 at 295 and 260 K, respectively. Finally, to more fully understand the reaction energies involved in product formation, we have performed molecular orbital calculations of heats of formation of reactants, stable intermediates, and products. Three conclusions can be made of this work. First, the reaction CH2OO + Aldehyde → Secondary Ozonide → HCOOH + Aldehyde is not an important mechanism in formic acid production. Second, the decomposition of the primary ozonide products (e.g., C2 radical species) appears to occur, in part, by a thermal mechanism (e.g., thermalized to chamber temperature). Third, ab initio results combined with experiment reveal no correlation between reaction exothermicity and products formed (e.g., kinetically dictated product formation occurs). The ab initio database is provided nevertheless as a starting point for transition state calculations to be performed in the future. Finally, since formaldehyde yield decreases by at most ~35% with decreasing temperature and formic acid is relatively unreactive in the atmosphere, our results suggest that temperature-dependent HCHO yield will constitute only a minor perturbation to HOx formation in the middle troposphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OZONOLYSIS
KW  - OZONE
KW  - CHEMICAL tests & reagents
KW  - GASES
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - PROPENE
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - FORMALDEHYDE
KW  - DISINFECTION & disinfectants
KW  - ab initio
KW  - ozonolysis
KW  - product yield
KW  - propene
N1  - Accession Number: 23965038; DISSELKAMP, R. S. 1 DUPUIS, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory and Atmospheric Sciences Technical Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p231; Subject Term: OZONOLYSIS; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL tests & reagents; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: PROPENE; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: FORMALDEHYDE; Subject Term: DISINFECTION & disinfectants; Author-Supplied Keyword: ab initio; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozonolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: product yield; Author-Supplied Keyword: propene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SCHILLER, C. L.
AU  - LOCQUIAO, S.
AU  - JOHNSON, TIMOTHY J.
AU  - HARRIS, G. W.
T1  - Atmospheric Measurements of HONO by Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 293
SN  - 01677764
AB  - Ambient gas phase nitrous acid (HONO) has been measured by Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy with sub-ppbv detection limits. An R-branch line in the 1263.4 cm-1 ν3 band was found to be free of interference and suitable for ambient HONO measurements. Nitrous acid was measured during the night and early morning at an urban site in Toronto, Canada, during the summer of 1998. Average mixing ratios, integrated over 30 minutes, ranged from below the minimum detection limit of 300 pptv to 1.9 ppbv, with the highest concentrations observed during the early morning hours. During the night of 19 June 1998, the concentration of HONO increased by as much as 0.5 ppbv/hr. The usual decrease in HONO after sunrise was delayed by a few hours, possibly due to a combination of an increase in the production rate of HONO with rush hour, and attenuation of the early morning light by high NO2 within the aerosol fog/haze. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC ozone
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - OZONE
KW  - NITROUS acid
KW  - INORGANIC acids
KW  - ACIDS
KW  - LASER spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - DIODES
KW  - atmospheric measurements
KW  - HONO
KW  - line strength
KW  - nitrous acid
KW  - tunable diode laser spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 23965040; SCHILLER, C. L. 1; Email Address: corinnes@yorku.ca LOCQUIAO, S. 1 JOHNSON, TIMOTHY J. 2 HARRIS, G. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON. M3J 1P3, Ontario, Canada  2: Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p275; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC ozone; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: NITROUS acid; Subject Term: INORGANIC acids; Subject Term: ACIDS; Subject Term: LASER spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: DIODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: HONO; Author-Supplied Keyword: line strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrous acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: tunable diode laser spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 19p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SHAOPING CHU
AU  - ELLIOTT, SCOTT
T1  - Latitude versus Depth Simulations of Ecodynamics and Dissolved Gas Chemistry Relationships in the Central Pacific.
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
EP  - 333
SN  - 01677764
AB  - Nutrient ecology and trace gas processing are intimately coupled in the surface ocean and participate in key linkages through the Earth biogeochemical system. We have added water column photochemistry for volatile sulfur and organic compounds to large scale nutrient cycle modules, in order to create a one dimensional, open ocean ecochemistry simulator. Phyto- and zooplankton, recyclers and biological waste products are represented through N and Fe densities. Dimethyl sulfide, carbonyl sulfide and the methyl halides are tracked individually along with certain precursors and nonmethane hydrocarbons. The model is applied along the 180 degree meridian in the Northern Hemisphere. Ecodynamics are validated against satellite ocean color maps. Biological/photochemical production terms are then iterated upon to match measured distributions for the trace gases. Data are most complete for dimethyl sulfide. Major patterns in its climatology are captured within individual ecological provinces. However, at the basin scale reduced sulfur release must be varied over almost an order of magnitude because the mechanism developed contains only one plant taxon. Based on sparser data, first order rate constants are estimated for phytoplanktonic exudation of the methyl halides. Parameters are also established for photolytic injection of carbonyl sulfide and propylene from the dissolved organics. Ocean general circulation models and interactive ocean-atmosphere transport simulations are discussed as frameworks for future application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARINE ecology
KW  - AQUATIC ecology
KW  - GASES
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - INNER planets
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - WATER
KW  - BODIES of water
KW  - WASTE products
KW  - dissolved gases
KW  - distributions
KW  - Earth system
KW  - marine ecodynamics
KW  - simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 23965042; SHAOPING CHU 1,2; Email Address: spchu@lanl.gov ELLIOTT, SCOTT 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.  2: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p305; Subject Term: MARINE ecology; Subject Term: AQUATIC ecology; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: INNER planets; Subject Term: OCEAN; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: BODIES of water; Subject Term: WASTE products; Author-Supplied Keyword: dissolved gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earth system; Author-Supplied Keyword: marine ecodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 29p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Watson, John G.
AU  - Chow, Judith C.
AU  - Edgerton, Sylvia A.
T1  - A Special Issue from the NARSTO Symposium on Tropospheric Aerosols.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 51
IS  - 11
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1506
EP  - 1507
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Discusses the peer-reviewed scientific papers published in the November 2001 issue of the "Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association" presented at the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Symposium on Tropospheric Aerosols: Science and Decisions in an International Community, held October 24-26, 2000, in Querétaro, Mexico.  Range of interests covered by the symposium presentations;  Importance of the NARSTO symposium; Major field studies that affiliated themselves with NARSTO.
KW  - Research
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Peer review (Professional performance)
KW  - Associations, institutions, etc.
N1  - Accession Number: 12147727; Watson, John G. 1; Chow, Judith C. 1; Edgerton, Sylvia A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Desert Research Institute; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Nov2001, Vol. 51 Issue 11, p1506; Thesaurus Term: Research; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Peer review (Professional performance); Subject Term: Associations, institutions, etc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaudinski, J. B.
AU  - Trumbore, S. E.
AU  - Davidson, E. A.
AU  - Cook, A. C.
AU  - Markewitz, D.
AU  - Richter, D. D.
T1  - The age of fine-root carbon in three forests of the eastern United States measured by radiocarbon.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2001/11//
VL  - 129
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
EP  - 429
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - Using a new approach involving one-time measurements of radiocarbon (14C) in fine (<2 mm diameter) root tissues we have directly measured the mean age of fine-root carbon. We find that the carbon making up the standing stock of fine roots in deciduous and coniferous forests of the eastern United States has a mean age of 3–18 years for live fine roots, 10–18 years for dead fine roots, and 3–18 years for mixed live+dead fine roots. These 14C-derived mean ages represent the time C was stored in the plant before being allocated for root growth, plus the average lifespan (for live roots), plus the average time for the root to decompose (for dead roots and mixtures). Comparison of the 14C content of roots known to have grown within 1 year with the 14C of atmospheric CO2 for the same period shows that root tissues are derived from recently fixed carbon, and the storage time prior to allocation is <2 years and likely <1 year. Fine-root mean ages tend to increase with depth in the soil. Live roots in the organic horizons are made of C fixed 3–8 years ago compared with 11–18 years in the mineral B horizons. The mean age of C in roots increases with root diameter and also is related to branching order. Our results differ dramatically from previous estimates of fine-root mean ages made using mass balance approaches and root-viewing cameras, which generally report life spans (mean ages for live roots) of a few months to 1–2 years. Each method for estimating fine-root dynamics, including this new radiocarbon method, has biases. Root-viewing approaches tend to emphasize more rapidly cycling roots, while radiocarbon ages tend to reflect those components that persist longest in the soil. Our 14C-derived estimates of long mean ages can be reconciled with faster estimates only if fine-root populations have varying rates of root mortality and decomposition. Our results indicate that a standard definition of fine roots, as those with diameters of <2 mm, is inadequate to determine the most dynamic portion of the root population. Recognition of the variability in fine-root dynamics is necessary to obtain better estimates of belowground C inputs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Humus
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - Belowground carbon allocation
KW  - Ecosystem carbon balance
KW  - Fine root dynamics
KW  - Radiocarbon
KW  - Soil organic matter
N1  - Accession Number: 15687295; Gaudinski, J. B. 1; Email Address: gaudinsk@socrates.berkeley.edu; Trumbore, S. E. 1; Davidson, E. A. 2; Cook, A. C. 3; Markewitz, D. 4; Richter, D. D. 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth System Science, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92612, USA; 2: Woods Hole Research Center, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; 3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 4: Warnell School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; 5: Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Issue Info: Nov2001, Vol. 129 Issue 3, p420; Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Humus; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Subject Term: Carbon isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Belowground carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem carbon balance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fine root dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s004420100746
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balona, L.A.
AU  - Aerts, C.
AU  - Božic, H.
AU  - Guinan, E.F.
AU  - Handler, G.
AU  - James, D.J.
AU  - Kaye, A.B.
AU  - Shobbrook, R.R.
T1  - Short period line profile and light variations in the Be star ω Orionis.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2001/11/11/
VL  - 327
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1288
EP  - 1296
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present the results of a multisite spectroscopic and photometric campaign on the Be star ω Orionis. From the photometry and radial velocity variation of several spectral lines, we confirm that the star is a variable with period . Only one period can be extracted from both the photometric and radial velocity observations. We find that the projected rotational velocity from the helium lines is considerably smaller than from the metal lines . The line profiles show an excess absorption feature moving from blue to red for half the period and from red to blue for the other half of the period. Another excess absorption feature moves exactly out of phase. The excess absorption features are present in photospheric lines as well as in lines which are significantly affected by circumstellar material, such as Hβ. From this we conclude that the periodic variations are most probably associated with corotating circumstellar material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLAR rotation
KW  - MASS loss (Astrophysics)
KW  - STELLAR oscillations
KW  - line: profiles
KW  - stars: early-type
KW  - Stars: emission-line, Be
KW  - stars: individual: ω Ori
N1  - Accession Number: 6425571; Balona, L.A. 1 Aerts, C. 2 Božic, H. 3 Guinan, E.F. 4 Handler, G. 1 James, D.J. 5 Kaye, A.B. 6 Shobbrook, R.R. 7; Affiliation:  1: 1South African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, Observatory 7935, Cape Town, South Africa  2: 2Instituut voor Sterrenkunde, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium  3: 3Hvar Observatory, Faculty of Geodesy, Zagreb University, Kačiceva 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia  4: 4Astronomy and Astrophysics Department, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA  5: 5School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS  6: 7Applied Physics Division, X-5, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  7: 8Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Source Info: 11/11/2001, Vol. 327 Issue 4, p1288; Subject Term: STELLAR rotation; Subject Term: MASS loss (Astrophysics); Subject Term: STELLAR oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: line: profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: early-type; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stars: emission-line, Be; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: ω Ori; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 20 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cort, John R.
AU  - Mariappan, S. V. Santhana
AU  - Kim, Chang-Yub
AU  - Park, Min S.
AU  - Peat, Thomas S.
AU  - Waldo, Geoffrey S.
AU  - Terwilliger, Thomas C.
AU  - Kennedy, Michael A.
T1  - Solution structure of Pyrobaculum aerophilum DsrC, an archaeal homologue of the gamma subunit of dissimilatory sulfite reductase.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2001/11/15/
VL  - 268
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5842
EP  - 5850
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The solution structure of DsrC, an archaeal homologue of the γ subunit of dissimilatory sulfite reductase, has been determined by NMR spectroscopy. This 12.7-kDa protein from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum adopts a novel fold consisting of an orthogonal helical bundle with a β hairpin along one side. A portion of the structure resembles the helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif common in transcriptional regulator proteins. The protein contains two disulfide bonds but remains folded following reduction of the disulfides. DsrC proteins from organisms other than Pyrobaculum species do not contain these disulfide bonds. A conserved cysteine next to the C-terminus, which is not involved in the disulfide bonds, is located on a seven-residue C-terminal arm that is not part of the globular protein and is likely to dynamically sample more than one conformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - Dissimilatory sulfite reductase
KW  - DSRC
KW  - helix-turn-helix
KW  - NMR
KW  - Pyrobaculum aerophilum
N1  - Accession Number: 6031704; Cort, John R. 1 Mariappan, S. V. Santhana 2 Kim, Chang-Yub 2 Park, Min S. 2 Peat, Thomas S. 2 Waldo, Geoffrey S. 2 Terwilliger, Thomas C. 2 Kennedy, Michael A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA;  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Nov2001, Vol. 268 Issue 22, p5842; Subject Term: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissimilatory sulfite reductase; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSRC; Author-Supplied Keyword: helix-turn-helix; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrobaculum aerophilum; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02529.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lacks, Sanford A.
AU  - Greenberg, Bill
T1  - Constitutive competence for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae caused by mutation of a transmembrane histidine kinase.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2001/11/15/
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1035
EP  - 1045
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Competence for DNA uptake and genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae is regulated by a quorum-sensing system. A competence-stimulating polypeptide (CSP) is secreted by the bacteria and acts back on the cells via a transmembrane histidine kinase. This enzyme phosphorylates a response regulator that activates synthesis of a SigH-like protein. The new sigma factor enables expression of a set of proteins transcribed from a novel promoter. A mutation called trt had been found that circumvented this regulation. The mutant cells are constitutively competent; that is, they can be transformed at low cell densities, in the presence of proteases that attack CSP, or during growth at low pH. In this work, cells containing trt were shown to be competent even in the presence of a comAB mutation that blocks secretion of CSP. The trt mutation was localized to comD, the gene encoding the transmembrane histidine kinase. A DNA segment of the trt mutant corresponding to comCDE was cloned, and it was shown to contain the trt mutation by its ability to confer constitutive competence. A two-step assay, which was based on transfer of trt to a wild strain and screening for transformability in the presence of trypsin, served to locate the trt mutation precisely. It corresponds to a GC→AT transition, which changes Asp299 in the histidine kinase to Asn. This alteration in the carboxyl terminal half of the protein, which is cytoplasmically located and contains the phosphorylase activity, presumably alters the enzyme conformation so that it is permanently activated, independent of signals from the transmembrane domain. These results may help illuminate the mechanism by which external signals affect kinase action in two-component regulatory systems, and they may be of practical value in facilitating genetic studies by rendering pneumococcal strains permanently competent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Streptococcus pneumoniae
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 6007359; Lacks, Sanford A.; Greenberg, Bill 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Issue Info: Nov2001, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p1035; Thesaurus Term: Mutation (Biology); Subject Term: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02697.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maness, P.-C.
AU  - Weaver, P. F.
T1  - Evidence for three distinct hydrogenase activities in Rhodospirillum rubrum.
JO  - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
JF  - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
Y1  - 2001/12//
VL  - 57
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 751
EP  - 756
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01757598
AB  - Inducer, inhibitor, and mutant studies on three hydrogenase activities of Rhodospirillum rubrum indicate that they are mediated by three distinct hydrogenase enzymes. Uptake hydrogenase mediates H2 uptake to an unknown physiological acceptor or methylene blue and is maximally synthesized during autotrophic growth in light. Formate-linked hydrogenase is synthesized primarily during growth in darkness or when light becomes limiting, and links formate oxidation to H2 production. Carbon-monoxide-linked hydrogenase is induced whenever CO is present and couples CO oxidation to H2 evolution. The enzymes can be expressed singly or conjointly depending on growth conditions, and the inhibitor or inducer added. All three hydrogenases can use methyl viologen as the mediator for both the H2 evolution and H2 uptake reactions while displaying distinct pH optima, reversibility, and sensitivity to C2H2 gas. Yet, we present evidence that the CO-linked hydrogenase, unlike the uptake hydrogenase, does not link to methylene blue as the electron acceptor. These differences allow conditions to be established to quantitatively assay each hydrogenase independently of the others both in vivo and in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Rhodospirillum rubrum
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Hydrogenase
KW  - Enzymes
N1  - Accession Number: 15681014; Maness, P.-C. 1; Email Address: Pinching_maness@nrel.gov; Weaver, P. F. 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Dec2001, Vol. 57 Issue 5/6, p751; Thesaurus Term: Rhodospirillum rubrum; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Subject Term: Hydrogenase; Subject Term: Enzymes; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00253-001-0828-0
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weaver, Andrew J.
AU  - Eby, Michael
AU  - Wiebe, Edward C.
AU  - Bitz, Cecilia M.
AU  - Duffy, Phil B.
AU  - Ewen, Tracy L.
AU  - Fanning, Augustus F.
AU  - Holland, Marika M.
AU  - MacFadyen, Amy
AU  - Matthews, H. Damon
AU  - Meissner, Katrin J.
AU  - Saenko, Oleg
AU  - Schmittner, Andreas
AU  - Huaxiao Wang
AU  - Yoshimori, Masakazu
T1  - The UVic Earth System Climate Model: Model Description, Climatology, and Applications to Past, Present and Future Climates.
JO  - Atmosphere -- Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society)
JF  - Atmosphere -- Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society)
Y1  - 2001/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 428
PB  - Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society
SN  - 07055900
AB  - A new earth system climate model of intermediate complexity has been developed and its climatology compared to observations. The UVic Earth System Climate Model consists of a three-dimensional ocean general circulation model coupled to a thermodynamic/dynamic sea-ice model, an energy-moisture balance atmospheric model with dynamical feedbacks, and a thermomechanical land-ice model. In order to keep the model compututionally efficient a reduced complexity atmosphere model is used. Atmospheric heat and freshwater transports are parametrized through Fickian diffusion, and precipitation is assumed to occur when the relative humidity is greater than 85%. Moisture transport can also be accomplished through advection if desired. Precipitation over land is assumed to return instantaneously to the ocean via one of 33 observed river drainage basins. Ice and snow albedo feedbacks are included in the coupled model by locally increasing the prescribed latitudinal profile of the planetary albedo. The atmospheric model includes a parametrization of water vapour/ planetary longwave feedbacks, although the radiative forcing associated with changes in atmospheric CO2 is prescribed as a modification of the planetary longwave radiative flux. A specified lapse rate is used to reduce the surface temperature over land where there is topography. The model uses prescribed present-day winds in its climatology, although a dynamical wind feedback is included which exploits a latitudinally-varying empirical relationship between atmospheric surface temperature and density. The ocean component of the coupled model is based on the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) Modular Ocean Model 2.2, with a global resolution of 3.6° (zonal) by 1.8° (meridional) and 19 vertical levels, and includes an option for brine-rejection parametrization. The sea-ice component incorporates an elastic-viscous-plastic rheology to represent sea-ice dynamics and various options for the representation of sea-ice thermodynamics and thickness distribution. The systematic comparison of the coupled model with observations reveals good agreement, especially when moisture transport is accomplished through advection. Global warming simulations conducted using the model to explore the role of moisture advection reveal a climate sensitivity of 3.0°C for a doubling of CO2, in line with other more comprehensive coupled models. Moisture advection, together with the wind feedback, leads to a transient simulation in which the meridional overturning in the North Atlantic initially weakens, but is eventually re-established to its initial strength once the radiative forcing is held fixed, as found in many coupled atmosphere General Circulation Models (GCMs). This is in contrast to experiments in which moisture transport is accomplished through diffusion whereby the overturning is reestablished to a strength that is greater than its initial condition. When applied to the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the model obtains tropical cooling (30°N 30°S), relative to the present, of about 2.1°C over the ocean and 3.6°C over the land. These are generally cooler than CLIMAP estimates, but not as cool as some other reconstructions. This moderate cooling is consistent with alkenone reconstructions and a low to medium climate sensitivity to perturbations in radiative forcing. An amplification of the cooling occurs in the North Atlantic due to the weakening of North Atlantic Deep Water formation. Concurrent with this weakening is a shallowing of, and a more northward penetration of, Antarctic Bottom Water. … (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Un nouveau modèle climatique du système terrestre de complexité intermédiaire a été mis au point et sa climatologie a été comparée aux observations. Le modèle climatique UVic du système terrestre consiste en un modèle tridimensionnel de circulation océanique générale couplé à un modèle de glace marine thermodynamique/dynamique, à un modèle atmosphérique à bilans d'énergie et d'humidité avec rétroactions dynamiques et à un modèle thermomécanique des glaces des terres émergées. L'utilisation d'un modèle atmosphérique de complexité réduite permet de maintenir l'efficacité de calcul du modèle. Les transports de chaleur atmosphérique et d'eau douce sont paramétrés en utilisant la diffusion fickienne et l'on suppose que des précipitations se produisent lorsque l'humidité relative dépasse 85%. Le transport d'humidité peut également être réalisé par advection, si désiré. Les précipitations au-dessus de la terre ferme sont supposées retourner instantanément à l'océan par l'un des 33 bassins hydrographiques qui sont observés. Les rétroactions des albédos de la glace et de la neige sont inclus dans le modèle couplé en augmentant localement le profil latitudinal prescrit de l'albédo planétaire. Le modèle atmosphérique comporte un paramétrage des rétroactions de la vapeur d'eau/ondes longues planétaires, même si le forçage radiatif associé avec les changements dans le CO2 atmosphérique est défini comme une modification du flux radiatif planétaire d'ondes longues. Un gradient thermique vertical fixe sert à réduire la température de surface au-dessus de la terre ferme dans les situations avec relief topographique. Le modèle utilise dans sa climatologie des vents prescrits à partir de la situation présente, quoiqu'il incorpore une rétroaction dynamique du vent qui exploite une relation empirique variant en fonction de la latitude entre la température atmosphérique de surface et la densité. La composante océanographique du modèle couplé est basée sur le modèle océanographique modulaire géophysique (GFDL) 2.2, avec une résolution globale de 3,6° (zonale) par 1,8° (méridionale) et 19 niveaux verticaux. Elle inclut une option pour le paramétrage du rejet d'eau salée. La composante glace marine contient une rhéologie élastique-plastique-visqueuse pour représenter la dynamique de la glace marine et diverses options pour la représentation de la thermodynamique de la glace marine et sa distribution d'épaisseur. La comparaison systématique du modèle couplé avec les observations révèle un bon accord, surtout lorsque le transport d'humidité est effectué par advection.x2026; (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Atmosphere -- Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society) is the property of Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Ocean circulation
KW  - Atmospheric turbulence
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Ocean
N1  - Accession Number: 19611231; Weaver, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: weaver@ocean.seos.uvic.ca; Eby, Michael 1; Wiebe, Edward C. 1; Bitz, Cecilia M. 2; Duffy, Phil B. 3; Ewen, Tracy L. 1; Fanning, Augustus F. 1; Holland, Marika M. 4; MacFadyen, Amy 1; Matthews, H. Damon 1; Meissner, Katrin J. 1; Saenko, Oleg 1; Schmittner, Andreas 1; Huaxiao Wang 3; Yoshimori, Masakazu 1; Affiliations: 1: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3055, Victoria BC V8W 3P6; 2: Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, Seattle WA U.S.A.; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA U.S.A.; 4: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder CO U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2001, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p361; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Ocean circulation; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric turbulence; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Ocean; Number of Pages: 68p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buttler, William T.
AU  - Soriano, Cecilia
AU  - Baldasano, Jose M.
AU  - Nickel, George H.
T1  - Remote Sensing of Three-dimensional Winds with Elastic Lidar: Explanation of Maximum Cross-correlation Method.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2001/12//
VL  - 101
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
EP  - 328
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - Maximum cross-correlation provides a method to remotely de-ter-mine high-ly re-solved three-dimensional fields of horizontal winds with e-las-tic li-dar through-out large volumes of the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This paper details the technique and shows comparisons between elastic lidar winds, remotely sensed laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) wind profiles, and radiosonde winds. Radiosonde wind data were acquired at Barcelona, Spain, during the Barcelona Air-Quality Initiative (1992), and the LDV wind data were acquired at Sunland Park, New Mexico during the 1994 Border Area Air-Quality Study. Comparisons show good agreement between the different instruments, and demonstrate the method useful for air pollution management at the local/regional scale. Elastic lidar winds could thus offer insight into aerosol and pollution transport within the PBL. Lidar wind fields might also be used to nudge or improve initialization and evaluation of atmospheric meteorological models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Winds
KW  - Fluid dynamic measurements
KW  - Laser Doppler velocimeter
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology)
KW  - Correlation (Statistics)
KW  - Lidar
KW  - Maximum cross-correlation method
KW  - Mesoscale meteorology
KW  - Remote wind sensing
N1  - Accession Number: 15606534; Buttler, William T. 1; Email Address: buttler@lanl.gov; Soriano, Cecilia 2; Baldasano, Jose M. 2; Nickel, George H. 3; Email Address: gnickel@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Physics Division MS H803, New Mexico 87545 U.S.A.; 2: Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Laboratory of Environmental Modeling, Avinguda Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; 3: University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Physics Division MS D410, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2001, Vol. 101 Issue 3, p305; Thesaurus Term: Winds; Subject Term: Fluid dynamic measurements; Subject Term: Laser Doppler velocimeter; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Subject Term: Correlation (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Lidar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maximum cross-correlation method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoscale meteorology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remote wind sensing; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGee, David R.
AU  - Pavel, Misha
AU  - Cohen, Philip R.
T1  - Context Shifts: Extending the Meanings of Physical Objects With Language.
JO  - Human-Computer Interaction
JF  - Human-Computer Interaction
Y1  - 2001/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
EP  - 362
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07370024
AB  - The influence that language has on contextual interpretations cannot be ignored by computer systems that strive to be context aware. Rather, once systems are designed to perceive language and other forms of human action, these interpretative processes will of necessity be context dependent. As an example, we illustrate how people simply and naturally create new contexts by naming and referring. We then describe Rasa, a mixed-reality system that observes and understands how users in a military command post create such contexts as part of the process of maintaining situational awareness. In such environments, commander's maps are covered with Post-it(r) notes. These paper artifacts are contextually transformed to represent units in the field by the application of multimodal language. Rasa understands this language, thereby allowing paper- based tools to become the basis for digital interaction. Finally, we argue that architectures for such context-aware systems will need to be built to process the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty of human input in order to be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human-Computer Interaction is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANGUAGE & languages
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - CONTEXT effects (Psychology)
KW  - HUMAN-computer interaction
N1  - Accession Number: 6185901; McGee, David R. 1 Pavel, Misha 2 Cohen, Philip R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory  2: Oregon Health & Science University; Source Info: Dec2001, Vol. 16 Issue 2-4, p351; Subject Term: LANGUAGE & languages; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: CONTEXT effects (Psychology); Subject Term: HUMAN-computer interaction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4517
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoshida, Naoki
AU  - Sheth, Ravi K.
AU  - Diaferio, Antonaldo
T1  - Non-Gaussian cosmic microwave background temperature fluctuations from peculiar velocities of clusters.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2001/12//12/1/2001
VL  - 328
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 669
EP  - 677
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We use numerical simulations of a (480 Mpc h[sup -1])[sup 3] volume to show that the distribution of peak heights in maps of the temperature fluctuations from the kinematic and thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) effects will be highly non-Gaussian, and very different from the peak-height distribution of a Gaussian random field. We then show that it is a good approximation to assume that each peak in either SZ effect is associated with one and only one dark matter halo. This allows us to use our knowledge of the properties of haloes to estimate the peak-height distributions. At fixed optical depth, the distribution of peak heights resulting from the kinematic effect is Gaussian, with a width that is approximately proportional to the optical depth; the non-Gaussianity comes from summing over a range of optical depths. The optical depth is an increasing function of halo mass and the distribution of halo speeds is Gaussian, with a dispersion that is approximately independent of halo mass. This means that observations of the kinematic effect can be used to put constraints on how the abundance of massive clusters evolves, and on the evolution of cluster velocities. The non-Gaussianity of the thermal effect, on the other hand, comes primarily from the fact that, on average, the effect is larger in more massive haloes, and the distribution of halo masses is highly non-Gaussian. We also show that because haloes of the same mass may have a range of density and velocity dispersion profiles, the relation between halo mass and the amplitude of the thermal effect is not deterministic, but has some scatter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - STAR clusters
KW  - GAUSSIAN distribution
KW  - cosmic microwave background
KW  - galaxies: clusters: general
KW  - gravitation
KW  - large-scale structure of Universe
KW  - methods: N-body simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 5618388; Yoshida, Naoki 1 Sheth, Ravi K. 2 Diaferio, Antonaldo 3; Affiliation:  1: 1Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-str. 1, Garching bei München, D85748, Germany  2: 2NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Group, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA  3: 3Dipartimento di Fisica Generale ‘Amedeo Avogadro’, Università di Torino, Italy; Source Info: 12/1/2001, Vol. 328 Issue 2, p669; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: STAR clusters; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmic microwave background; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: large-scale structure of Universe; Author-Supplied Keyword: methods: N-body simulations; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04899.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takeuchi, Y.
AU  - Kubiske, M. E.
AU  - Isebrands, J. G.
AU  - Pregtizer, K.S.
AU  - Hendrey, G.
AU  - Karnosky, D. F.
T1  - Photosynthesis, light and nitrogen relationships in a young deciduous forest canopy under open-air CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2001/12//
VL  - 24
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1257
EP  - 1268
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Abstract Leaf photosynthesis (Ps), nitrogen (N) and light environment were measured on Populus tremuloides trees in a developing canopy under free-air CO2 enrichment in Wisconsin, USA. After 2 years of growth, the trees averaged 1·5 and 1·6 m tall under ambient and elevated CO2, respectively, at the beginning of the study period in 1999. They grew to 2·6 and 2·9 m, respectively, by the end of the 1999 growing season. Daily integrated photon flux from cloud-free days (PPFDday,sat) around the lowermost branches was 16·8 ± 0·8 and 8·7 ± 0·2% of values at the top for the ambient and elevated CO2 canopies, respectively. Elevated CO2 significantly decreased leaf N on a mass, but not on an area, basis. N per unit leaf area was related linearly to PPFDday,sat throughout the canopies, and elevated CO2 did not affect that relationship. Leaf Ps light-response curves responded differently to elevated CO2, depending upon canopy position. Elevated CO2 increased Pssat only in the upper (unshaded) canopy, whereas characteristics that would favour photosynthesis in shade were unaffected by elevated CO2. Consequently, estimated daily integrated Ps on cloud-free days (Psday,sat) was stimulated by elevated CO2 only in the upper canopy. Psday,sat of the lowermost branches was actually lower with elevated CO2 because of the darker light environment. The lack of CO2 stimulation at the mid- and lower canopy was probably related to significant down-regulation of photosynthetic capacity; there was no down-regulation of Ps in the upper canopy. The relationship between Psday,sat and leaf N indicated that N was not optimally allocated within the canopy in a manner that would maximize whole-canopy Ps or photosynthetic N use efficiency. Elevated CO2 had no effect on the optimization of canopy N allocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOREST canopies
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - EFFECT of atmospheric carbon dioxide on plants
KW  - PLANT growth
KW  - WISCONSIN
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - A/C
KW  - analysis
KW  - global change
KW  - N allocation
KW  - Rubisco
KW  - trembling aspen
N1  - Accession Number: 5640381; Takeuchi, Y. 1 Kubiske, M. E. 1 Isebrands, J. G. 2 Pregtizer, K.S. 3 Hendrey, G. 4 Karnosky, D. F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mississippi State University, Department of Forestry, Box 9681, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA,  2: USDA Forest Service, North-East Forest Experiment Station, Rhinelander, WI, USA,  3: Michigan Technological University, School of Forestry and Wood Products, Houghton, MI, USA and  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, NY, USA; Source Info: Dec2001, Vol. 24 Issue 12, p1257; Subject Term: FOREST canopies; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: EFFECT of atmospheric carbon dioxide on plants; Subject Term: PLANT growth; Subject Term: WISCONSIN; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: A/C; Author-Supplied Keyword: analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: N allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; Author-Supplied Keyword: trembling aspen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00787.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fair, J. M.
AU  - Ricklefs, R. E.
T1  - Physiological, Growth, and Immune Responses of Japanese Quail Chicks to the Multiple Stressors of Immunological Challenge and Lead Shot.
JO  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 87
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00904341
AB  - Exposure to the combination of a contaminant and an immunological challenge during development may greatly increase the impact of either or both of these stressors on an individual. This study investigated the interacting effects of a nonpathogenic immunological challenge and lead shot exposure early in the development of a precocial species. Seventy-one quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks orally received either one #9 lead shot (0.05 g), four lead shots (0.2 g), or no lead at the age of 8 days. A third of each of these groups of chicks were intraperitoneally injected with either 0.075 ml of 10% chukar (Alectoris graeca) red blood cells (CRBCs), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), or a placebo oil vaccine at 13 and 35 days of age. There was no difference in the survival between any of the lead or antigen treatment groups. Lead concentrations in blood were greater for the lead-dosed groups on day 49 but not on day 128. Growth curves were approximated by Weibull functions; growth parameters did not differ between lead-treated and antigen-treated birds. CRBC antigen increases fluctuating asymmetry (FA) for primary feather five, while NDV reduced FA. Lead did not affect antibody production or cell-mediated immune response. White blood cell numbers increased 7 days after antigen injection on days 27 and 49 of age. Granulocyte numbers were significantly higher for the lead-treated quail than the control quail, and both antigen-treated groups had lower granulocyte numbers than control quail. The treatment groups of combining NDV and lead shot had an average plasma protein 14% lower than other groups. Lead shot in the highest of these doses lowered asymptotic weights, increased hematocrits, lowered plasma protein, and increased granulocyte numbers of quail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Quails
KW  - Chickens
KW  - Newcastle disease virus
KW  - Examination of the blood
KW  - Erythrocytes
KW  - Preventive medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 16654283; Fair, J. M. 1,2; Email Address: jmfair@lanl.gov; Ricklefs, R. E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Environmental Dynamics and Spatial Analysis, EES-10, MS J495, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; 2: University of Missouri-St. Louis, Department of Biology, 8001 Natural Bridge, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA.; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p77; Thesaurus Term: Quails; Thesaurus Term: Chickens; Subject Term: Newcastle disease virus; Subject Term: Examination of the blood; Subject Term: Erythrocytes; Subject Term: Preventive medicine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112310 Chicken Egg Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112340 Poultry Hatcheries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311615 Poultry Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112390 Other Poultry Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112399 All other poultry production; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s002440010294
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chii-Shiarng Chen
T1  - Phorbol ester induces elevated oxidative activity and alkalization in a subset of lysosomes.
JO  - BMC Cell Biology
JF  - BMC Cell Biology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 11
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712121
AB  - Background: Lysosomes are acidic organelles that play multiple roles in various cellular oxidative activities such as the oxidative burst during cytotoxic killing. It remains to be determined how lysosomal lumen oxidative activity and pH interact and are regulated. Here, I report the use of fluorescent probes to measure oxidative activity and pH of lysosomes in live macrophages upon treatment with the tumor promotor phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and provide novel insight regarding the regulation of lysosomal oxidative activity and pH. Results: The substrate used to measure oxidative activity was bovine serum albumin covalently coupled to dihydro-2', 4,5,6,7,7'-hexafluorofluorescein (OxyBURST Green H2HFF BSA). During pulse-chase procedures with live macrophages, this reduced dye was internalized via an endocytic pathway and accumulated in the lysosomes. Oxidation of this compound resulted in a dramatic increase of fluorescence intensity. By using low-light level fluorescence microscopy, I determined that phorbol ester treatment results in increased oxidative activity and pH elevation in different subsets of lysosomes. Furthermore, lysosomes with stronger oxidative activity tended to exclude the acidotropic lysosomal indicator, and thus exhibit higher alkalinity. Conclusions: Results indicate that there is a regulatory mechanism between lysosomal oxidative activity and pH. Activation of lysosomal Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase by phorbol ester may result in increase of intralysosomal O2⋅- and H2O2, concurrent with pH elevation due to consumption of H+ and generation of OH-. Furthermore, the effect of phorbol ester on elevated oxidative activity and pH is heterogeneous among total lysosomal population. Higher oxidative activity and/or pH are only observed in subsets of lysosomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Cell Biology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHORBOL esters
KW  - LYSOSOMES
KW  - CELL organelles
KW  - SERUM
KW  - NICOTINAMIDE
N1  - Accession Number: 29963015; Chii-Shiarng Chen 1,2; Email Address: Chii-Shiarng.Chen@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Bioscience, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P7-56, Richland, WA 99352 USA  2: Cell Biology group, Molecular Probes, Inc., Pitchford Ave., Eugene, OR 97405 USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 3, p21; Subject Term: PHORBOL esters; Subject Term: LYSOSOMES; Subject Term: CELL organelles; Subject Term: SERUM; Subject Term: NICOTINAMIDE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pannucci, James
AU  - Okinaka, Richard T.
AU  - Williams, Erin
AU  - Sabin, Robert
AU  - Ticknor, Lawrence O.
AU  - Kuske, Cheryl R.
T1  - DNA sequence conservation between the Bacillus anthracis pXO2 plasmid and genomic sequence from closely related bacteria.
JO  - BMC Genomics
JF  - BMC Genomics
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712164
AB  - Background: Complete sequencing and annotation of the 96.2 kb Bacillus anthracis plasmid, pXO2, predicted 85 open reading frames (ORFs). Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates that ranged in genomic similarity to B. anthracis, as determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, were examined by PCR for the presence of sequences similar to 47 pXO2 ORFs. Results: The two most distantly related isolates examined, B. thuringiensis 33679 and B. thuringiensis AWO6, produced the greatest number of ORF sequences similar to pXO2; 10 detected in 33679 and 16 in AWO6. No more than two of the pXO2 ORFs were detected in any one of the remaining isolates. Dot-blot DNA hybridizations between pXO2 ORF fragments and total genomic DNA from AWO6 were consistent with the PCR assay results for this isolate and also revealed nine additional ORFs shared between these two bacteria. Sequences similar to the B. anthracis cap genes or their regulator, acpA, were not detected among any of the examined isolates. Conclusions: The presence of pXO2 sequences in the other Bacillus isolates did not correlate with genomic relatedness established by AFLP analysis. The presence of pXO2 ORF sequences in other Bacillus species suggests the possibility that certain pXO2 plasmid gene functions may also be present in other closely related bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Genomics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - BACILLUS anthracis
KW  - PLASMIDS
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 28834646; Pannucci, James 1; Email Address: pannucci_james@lanl.gov Okinaka, Richard T. 1; Email Address: okinaka@telomere.lanl.gov Williams, Erin 1; Email Address: erin@telomere.lanl.gov Sabin, Robert 1; Email Address: sabin@atugen.com Ticknor, Lawrence O. 1; Email Address: lot@lanl.gov Kuske, Cheryl R. 1; Email Address: kuske@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 3, p1; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: BACILLUS anthracis; Subject Term: PLASMIDS; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: GENES; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenny, Paraic A.
AU  - Enver, Tariq
AU  - Ashworth, Alan
T1  - Retroviral vectors for establishing tetracycline-regulated gene expression in an otherwise recalcitrant cell line.
JO  - BMC Molecular Biology
JF  - BMC Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 8
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712199
AB  - Background: Tetracycline-regulated systems have been used to control the expression of heterologous genes in such diverse organisms as yeast, plants, flies and mice. Adaptation of this prokaryotic regulatory system avoids many of the problems inherent in other inducible systems. There have, however, been many reports of difficulties in establishing functioning stable cell lines due to the cytotoxic effects of expressing high levels of the tetracycline transactivator, tTA, from a strong viral promoter. Results: Here we report the successful incorporation of tetracycline-mediated gene expression in a mouse mammary epithelial cell line, HC11, in which conventional approaches failed. We generated retroviruses in which tTA expression was controlled by one of three promoters: a synthetic tetracycline responsive promoter (TRE), the elongation factor 1-alpha promoter (EF1α) or the phosphoglycerate kinase-1 promoter (PGK), and compared the resulting cell lines to one generated using a cytomegalovirus immediate early gene promoter (CMV). In contrast to cells produced using the CMV and PGK promoters, those produced using the EF1α and TRE promoters expressed high levels of β-galactosidase in a tetracycline-dependent manner. Conclusions: These novel retroviral vectors performed better than the commercially available system and may have a more general utility in similarly recalcitrant cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Molecular Biology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RETROVIRUSES
KW  - GENETIC vectors
KW  - TETRACYCLINE
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - CELL lines
KW  - doxycycline
KW  - inducible expression
KW  - retroviral vectors
KW  - tetracycline
KW  - transgenics
N1  - Accession Number: 29405303; Kenny, Paraic A. 1,2; Email Address: pakenny@lbl.gov Enver, Tariq 1; Email Address: tariq@icr.ac.uk Ashworth, Alan 3; Email Address: alana@icr.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Section of Gene Function and Regulation, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 3, p13; Subject Term: RETROVIRUSES; Subject Term: GENETIC vectors; Subject Term: TETRACYCLINE; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: CELL lines; Author-Supplied Keyword: doxycycline; Author-Supplied Keyword: inducible expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: retroviral vectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: tetracycline; Author-Supplied Keyword: transgenics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Callaway, Duncan S.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - HIV-1 Infection and Low Steady State Viral Loads
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
JF  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
SN  - 00928240
AB  - Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces the viral burden in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected patients below the threshold of detectability. However, substantial evidence indicates that viral replication persists in these individuals. In this paper we examine the ability of several biologically motivated models of HIV-1 dynamics to explain sustained low viral loads. At or near drug efficacies that result in steady state viral loads below detectability, most models are extremely sensitive to small changes in drug efficacy. We argue that if these models reflect reality many patients should have cleared the virus, contrary to observation. We find that a model in which the infected cell death rate is dependent on the infected cell density does not suffer this shortcoming. The shortcoming is also overcome in two more conventional models that include small populations of cells in which the drug is less effective than in the main population, suggesting that difficulties with drug penetrance and maintenance of effective intracellular drug concentrations in all cells susceptible to HIV infection may underlie ongoing viral replication. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of Mathematical Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV infections -- Diagnosis
KW  - VIRAL replication
KW  - PREVENTION
N1  - Accession Number: 8502719; Callaway, Duncan S. 1 Perelson, Alan S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A.<fn id="f1"><no>f1</no>dc52@cornell.edu</fn>  2: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.<fn id="f2"><no>f2</no>asp@receptor.t10.lanl.gov</fn>; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 64 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: HIV infections -- Diagnosis; Subject Term: VIRAL replication; Subject Term: PREVENTION; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/bulm.2001.0266
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rao, Rekha R.
AU  - Mondy, Lisa A.
AU  - Baer, Thomas A.
AU  - Altobelli, Stephen A.
AU  - Stephens, Thomas S.
T1  - NMR MEASUREMENTS AND SIMULATIONS OF PARTICLE MIGRATION IN NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS.
JO  - Chemical Engineering Communications
JF  - Chemical Engineering Communications
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 189
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00986445
AB  - Shear-induced migration of particles is studied during the slow flow of suspensions of neutrally buoyant spheres, at 50% particle volume fraction, in an inelastic but shear-thinning, suspending fluid. The suspension is flowing in between a rotating inner cylinder and a stationary outer cylinder. The conditions are such that nonhydrodynamic effects are negligible. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging demonstrates that the movement of particles away from the high shear rate region is more pronounced than for a Newtonian suspending liquid. We test a continuum constitutive model for the evolution of particle concentration in a flowing suspension proposed by Phillips et al., but extended to shear-thinning, suspending fluids. The fluid constitutive equation is Carreau-like in its shear-thinning behavior but also varies with the local particle concentration. The model captures many of the trends found in the experimental data, but does not yet agree quantitatively. In fact, quantitative agreement with a diffusive flux constitutive equation would be impossible without the addition of another fitting parameter that may depend on the shear-thinning nature of the suspending fluid. Because of this, we feel that the Phillips model may be fundamentally inadequate for simulating flows of particles innon-Newtonian suspending fluids without the introduction of a normal stress correction or other augmenting terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Communications is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUSPENSIONS (Chemistry)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - NON-Newtonian fluids
N1  - Accession Number: 10911176; Rao, Rekha R. 1; Email Address: rrrao@sandia.gov Mondy, Lisa A. 1 Baer, Thomas A. 1 Altobelli, Stephen A. 2 Stephens, Thomas S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque  2: New Mexico Resonance, NM  3: ESA-WMM, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 189 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SUSPENSIONS (Chemistry); Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: NON-Newtonian fluids; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zazubovich, V.
AU  - Matsuzaki, S.
AU  - Johnson, T.W.
AU  - Hayes, J.M.
AU  - Chitnis, P.R.
AU  - Small, G.J.
T1  - Red antenna states of photosystem I from cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus: a spectral hole burning study
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 275
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 03010104
AB  - The existence of at least three low-energy chlorophyll a (Chl a) antenna states is shown for photosystem I (PS I) of Synechococcus elongatus by the use of nonphotochemical hole burning (NPHB) spectroscopy. In addition to the previously reported states at 708 and 719 nm, it is demonstrated that there is a third state at 715 nm. The responsible Chl a molecules are referred to as C-708, C-715 and C-719. For both Synechococcus and Synechocystis, the lowest energy state is shown to be characterized by strong electron–phonon coupling (large Huang-Rhys factor S), large permanent dipole moment change <f>(f·Δμ)</f>, and large linear pressure shift rates attributable to electron exchange of dimeric Chl a. The lowest energy state of Synechocystis is at 714 nm. The properties of the 714 and 719 nm states are very similar, suggesting that their dimer structures are also similar. Although the other red antenna states of these cyanobacteria have smaller values for S, <f>f·Δμ</f>, and linear pressure shift rate, these are still larger than typically measured for monomeric antenna Chl a. Possible assignments of red absorption bands to particular chlorophyll dimers or trimer are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - OPTICAL hole burning
N1  - Accession Number: 7750975; Zazubovich, V. 1 Matsuzaki, S. 1 Johnson, T.W. 2 Hayes, J.M. 1 Chitnis, P.R. 2 Small, G.J. 1; Email Address: gsmall@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Ames Laboratory – US Deportment of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 275 Issue 1-3, p47; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: OPTICAL hole burning; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Killmeyer Jr., Richard P.
AU  - Maronde, Carl P.
AU  - Ciocco, Michael V.
AU  - Zandhuis, Paul H.
T1  - Effects of Key Operational Variables on Micronized-Magnetite Cycloning Performance.
JO  - Coal Preparation
JF  - Coal Preparation
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07349343
AB  - In 1997, Custom Coals International completed a DOE contract to test the Micro-Mag Process at the continuous bench-scale at DOE's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). As a follow up to these tests, NETL conducted two series of tests to confirm the Custom Coals results and to expand upon the effects of key operational variables on cyclone performance when using magnetite that is finer than conventional Grade E magnetite. This paper highlights the results of batch tests using a 10 cm (4 in) diameter cyclone in which the variables were magnetite size, medium density, cyclone orifice sizes, and inlet pressure. The results show that fairly sharp separations (about 0.06-0.09 E P ) can be achieved on coal as fine as 300×25 micron (48×500 mesh) if magnetite that is only about twice as fine as Grade E is used at higher inlet pressures (greater than 138 kPa [20 psi]) with the right combination of cyclone orifice sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Coal Preparation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEPARATORS (Machines)
KW  - MAGNETITE
N1  - Accession Number: 10910456; Killmeyer Jr., Richard P. 1; Email Address: richard.killmeyer@netl.doe.gov Maronde, Carl P. 1 Ciocco, Michael V. 2 Zandhuis, Paul H. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S., Department of Energy  2: Parsons Project Services Inc., Library, Pennsylvania; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: SEPARATORS (Machines); Subject Term: MAGNETITE; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, R. K.
AU  - Shepherd, I. g.
AU  - Bédat, B.
AU  - Talbot, L.
T1  - PREMIXED TURBULENT FLAME STRUCTURES IN MODERATE AND INTENSE ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 174
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 59
SN  - 00102202
AB  - Several 2-D imaging techniques including planar laser induced fluorescence for OH (OH-PLIF) have been used to investigate premixed turbulent flame structures under moderate to intense isotropic turbulence. Unconditioned velocity statistics were measured by laser Doppler anemometry. The experiments used a low-swirl burner that produces high intensity near-isotropic turbulence. The goal is to gain better insights into the flame structures at high turbulence and to test and verify the concept of the "distributed reaction zones" regime. Four methane/air flames (φ=0.7) have been studied with 0.5< u ′<2.2 m/s. A linear correlation for the flame speed, S f , is found: S f / S L =2.12 ( u ′/ S L )+1. Sets of 200 OH-PLIF images obtained for each flame clearly show that flame wrinkling is a random process. The probability of the flame having very small wrinkles is relatively low. This strongly suggests that the penetration of small intense eddies into the flame sheet to generate a "distributed reaction zone" is statistically an extremely rare event. The OH-PLIF images were processed to determine statistical properties of the mean flame curvatures and flame lengths for comparison with turbulence intensity and turbulent length scales. The results show that the increase in turbulent kinetic energy generates larger mean curvatures of the flame fronts, and a linear increase in the flame surface area ratio estimated from the mean flame length measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Technology
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Optoelectronic devices
KW  - Light amplifiers
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - experimental
KW  - laser
KW  - premixed turbulent flame
N1  - Accession Number: 15531326; Cheng, R. K. 1; Email Address: RKCheng@lbl.gov; Shepherd, I. g. 1; Bédat, B. 1; Talbot, L.; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 174 Issue 1, p29; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Subject Term: Lasers; Subject Term: Optoelectronic devices; Subject Term: Light amplifiers; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: experimental; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: premixed turbulent flame; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 31p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102200290020822
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, H.K.
AU  - Simunovic, S.
T1  - A damage mechanics model of crack-weakened, chopped fiber composites under impact loading
JO  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
JF  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 13598368
AB  - A micromechanical approach recently proposed by Lee and Simunovic [Compos. Part B: Engng. 31 (2000) 77] is introduced to develop analytical and numerical models that efficiently predict the behavior of chopped fiber based composites containing microcracks under impact loading. Based on the ensemble-volume averaging process and the first-order effects of eigenstrains due to the existence of chopped fibers and microcracks, an effective yield criterion of the composites is derived. Microcracks in the matrix are considered by employing the Eshelby''s equivalence principle and their influence on the stress–strain relations of the composites is investigated. Further, the Weibull''s probabilistic function is used to model the varying probability of progressive partial fiber debonding. The developed micromechanical constitutive model is then implemented into the finite element code DYNA3D to perform impact simulation of the composites. Finally, numerical simulations for cantilever beam test and composite contact test are carried out to validate the finite element implementation and predict the impact behavior of composite structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites: Part B, Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTINUUM damage mechanics
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - B. Impact behavior
KW  - C. Damage mechanics
KW  - C. Finite element analysis (FEA)
KW  - Crack-weakened composites
N1  - Accession Number: 7741086; Lee, H.K. 1; Email Address: hlee@miami.edu Simunovic, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124-0620, USA  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6359, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: CONTINUUM damage mechanics; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Impact behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Damage mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Finite element analysis (FEA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack-weakened composites; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corrigan, T.D.
AU  - Gruen, D.M.
AU  - Krauss, A.R.
AU  - Zapol, P.
AU  - Chang, R.P.H.
T1  - The effect of nitrogen addition to Ar/CH4 plasmas on the growth, morphology and field emission of ultrananocrystalline diamond
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 09259635
AB  - The effect of the addition of nitrogen to plasmas during the CVD growth of diamond films on field emission properties has been studied. Ultrananocrystalline diamond with 5–15 nm grain size has been grown with the incorporation of nitrogen up to 8×1020 atoms/cm3. Field emission onsets as low as 2 V/μm have been achieved. UV Raman and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements show an increase in the sp2 content in the films with nitrogen in the plasma compared to films without N2 addition. A model is discussed in which the nitrogen preferentially enters the grain boundaries and promotes sp2 bonding in the neighboring carbon atoms. The increase in the sp2 content appears to improve the field emission properties of the films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - FIELD emission
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Plasma
KW  - Ultrananocrystalline diamond
N1  - Accession Number: 7742588; Corrigan, T.D. 1,2 Gruen, D.M. 1 Krauss, A.R. 1 Zapol, P. 1 Chang, R.P.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Chemistry Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: FIELD emission; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrananocrystalline diamond; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goodin, D.T.
AU  - Gibson, C.R.
AU  - Petzoldt, R.W.
AU  - Siegel, N.P.
AU  - Thompson, L.
AU  - Nobile, A.
AU  - Besenbruch, G.E.
AU  - Schultz, K.R.
T1  - Developing the basis for target injection and tracking in inertial fusion energy power plants
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Fueling of a commercial Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) power plant consists of supplying about 500,000 fusion targets each day. The most challenging type of target in this regard is for laser-driven, direct drive IFE. Spherical capsules with cryogenic DT fuel must be injected into the center of a reaction chamber operating at temperatures as high as 1500 °C and possibly containing as much as 0.5 Torr of xenon fill gas. The DT layer must remain highly symmetric, have a smooth inner ice surface finish, and reach the chamber center at a temperature of about 18.5 K. This target must be positioned at the center of the chamber with a placement accuracy of ±5 mm. The accuracy of alignment of the laser driver beams and the target in its final position must be within ±20 μm. All this must be repeated six times per second. The method proposed to meet these requirements is injecting the targets into the reaction chamber at high speed (∼400 m/s), tracking them, and hitting them on the fly with steerable driver beams. The challenging scientific and technological issues associated with this task are being addressed through a combination of analyses, modeling, materials property measurements, and demonstration tests with representative injection equipment. Measurements of relevant DT properties are planned at Los Alamos National Laboratory. An experimental target injection and tracking system is now being designed to support the development of survivable targets and demonstrate successful injection scenarios. Analyses of target heating are underway. Calculations have shown that the direct drive target must have a highly reflective outer surface to prevent excess heating by thermal radiation. In addition, heating by hot chamber fill gas during injection far outweighs the thermal radiation. It is concluded that the dry-wall, gas-filled reaction chambers must have gas pressures less than previously assumed in order to prevent excessive heating in the current direct drive target designs. An integrated power plant systems study to address this issue has been initiated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - Cryogenic
KW  - DT fuel
KW  - Inertial Fusion Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7739867; Goodin, D.T. 1; Email Address: dan.goodin@gat.com Gibson, C.R. 1; Email Address: chuck.gibson@gat.com Petzoldt, R.W. 1,2; Email Address: petzoldt@fusion.gat.com Siegel, N.P. 3; Email Address: nsiegel@vt.edu Thompson, L. 3; Email Address: thompso8@mail.sdsu.edu Nobile, A. 4; Email Address: anobile@lanl.gov Besenbruch, G.E. 1; Email Address: gottfried.besenbruch@gat.com Schultz, K.R. 1; Email Address: ken.schultz@gat.com; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Mechanical Engineering (019), E-323J, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p27; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: DT fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial Fusion Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meier, Wayne R.
T1  - An integrated research plan for the IFE element of the Virtual Laboratory for Technology
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 09203796
AB  - In 1999, the US Department of Energy''s (DOE) Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (OFES) added an inertial fusion energy (IFE) element to its Virtual Laboratory for Technology (VLT). The scope of the IFE element of the VLT includes the fusion chamber, chamber/driver interface, target fabrication and injection, and safety and environmental assessments for IFE. Previous IFE power plant conceptual design studies identified many different driver/chamber/target options and the critical technical issues associated with them. The IFE community (national laboratories, universities and industry) has developed an R&D plan to address the critical issues in these areas in a coordinated manner. This paper provides an overview of the top-level critical issues and the current and proposed research activities to resolve them. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - Fusion chambers
KW  - Fusion technology
KW  - Inertial fusion energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7739868; Meier, Wayne R. 1; Email Address: meier5@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, L-632 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial fusion energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanz, J.
AU  - Cabellos, O.
AU  - Yuste, P.
AU  - Reyes, S.
AU  - Latkowski, J.F.
T1  - Pulsed activation of structural materials in IFE chambers
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 09203796
AB  - First structural wall (FSW) materials in inertial fusion energy (IFE) power reactors will be irradiated under typical repetition rates of 1–10 Hz and operation times as long as the total reactor lifetime. The main objective of the present work is to determine whether or not a continuous-pulsed (CP) approach could be an accurate and practical methodology in modeling the pulsed activation process for operating conditions of FSW materials. To do that, we assess the applicability of the CP model to predict the neutron-induced activation in the FSW material of the HYLIFE-II reactor. It is demonstrated that a CP approach consisting of a continuous irradiation period followed by a series of only a few pulses prior to shutdown can efficiently model the real pulsed operating regime of the FSW material, in terms of both accuracy and CPU time consumption. Pros and cons of the model when compared with an equivalent steady-state (ESS) method are discussed, which is useful to assess how conclusions of earlier activation studies that used the ESS approach might be different when using a more realistic model. Comparison with the exact pulsed (EP) modeling is also performed. Finally, application of the CP model to other inertial confinement fusion operating modes, such as that of the NIF facility, is suggested for future work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactor walls
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - Continuous-pulsed model
KW  - HYLIFE II
KW  - IFE
KW  - Pulsed activation
N1  - Accession Number: 7739869; Sanz, J. 1; Email Address: jsanz@ind.uned.es Cabellos, O. 1 Yuste, P. 1 Reyes, S. 1,2 Latkowski, J.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: UNED/Dpto. Ingenierıa Energética & Instituto Fusión Nuclear ETS Ingenieros Industriales, C/Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: FUSION reactor walls; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuous-pulsed model; Author-Supplied Keyword: HYLIFE II; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed activation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perlado, J.M.
AU  - Domınguez, E.
AU  - Malerba, L.
AU  - Marian, J.
AU  - Lodi, D.
AU  - Salvador, M.
AU  - Alonso, E.
AU  - Caturla, Ma.J.
AU  - Dıaz de la Rubia, T.
T1  - Results from systematic modeling of neutron damage in inertial fusion energy reactors
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Radiation damage is an important issue in the lifetime of the structural materials in an Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) Reactor. The effect will strongly depend on the class of chamber protection at the IFE Reactor design. This paper gives results from DENIM, and collaboration with LLNL, on the necessary magnitudes for the final evaluation of neutron damage. The determination of the neutron intensities and energy spectra emerging from the target, the energy spectra of the Primary Knock-on Atoms (PKA) resulting from the neutron interactions, the modeling at microscopic scale of the pulsed irradiation in metals are reported, in addition to reference to the work on the time dependence of neutron flux in IFE protected chamber. Results are also presented on the damage accumulation in SiC, relevant both for magnetic (MFE) and inertial fusion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - Defects diffusion
KW  - Inertial Fusion Energy Reactors
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Multiscale modeling
KW  - Neutron spectra
KW  - Pulsed irradiation
KW  - Radiation damage
N1  - Accession Number: 7739870; Perlado, J.M. 1; Email Address: mperlado@denim.upm.es Domınguez, E. 1 Malerba, L. 1 Marian, J. 1 Lodi, D. 1 Salvador, M. 1 Alonso, E. 2 Caturla, Ma.J. 2 Dıaz de la Rubia, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Fusión Nuclear (DENIM)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid ETSII, Jose Gutiérrez Abascal, 2/28006 Madrid, Spain  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial Fusion Energy Reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiscale modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tobin, M.
AU  - Eder, D.
AU  - Braun, D.
AU  - MacGowan, B.
T1  - Progress on establishing guidelines for National Ignition Facility (NIF) experiments to extend debris shield lifetime
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The survivability of the debris shields on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are a key factor for the affordable operation of the facility. The improvements required over Nova debris shields are described. Estimates of debris shield lifetimes in the presence of target emissions with 4–8 J/cm2 laser fluences indicate lifetimes that may contribute unacceptably to operations costs for NIF. We are developing detailed suggested guidance for target and experiment designers for NIF to assist in minimizing the damage to, and therefore the cost of, maintaining NIF debris shields. The guidance suggests a target mass quantity that as particulate on the debris shields (300 mg) may be within current operating budgets. It also suggests the amount of material that should become shrapnel on a shot (10 mg). Finally, it suggests the level of non-volatile residue (NVR) that would threaten the sol–gel coatings on the debris shields (1 μg/cm2). We review the experimentation on the Nova chamber that included measuring quantities of particulate on debris shields by element and capturing shrapnel pieces in aerogel samples mounted in the chamber. We also describe computations of X-ray emissions from a likely NIF target and the associated ablation expected from this X-ray exposure on supporting target hardware. We describe progress in assessing the benefits of a pre-shield and the possible impact on the guidance for target experiments on NIF. Plans for possible experimentation on Omega and other facilities to improve our understanding of target emissions and their impacts are discussed. Our discussion of planned future work provides a forum to invite possible collaboration with the IFE community. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - WASTE management
KW  - Debris shield
KW  - Laser
KW  - Non-volatile residue
N1  - Accession Number: 7739873; Tobin, M.; Email Address: tobin2@llnl.gov Eder, D. 1 Braun, D. 1 MacGowan, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Mail Stop L-472, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: WASTE management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Debris shield; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-volatile residue; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, Scott A.
AU  - Tait, C. Drew
AU  - Janecky, David R.
T1  - A Raman spectroscopic study of arsenite and thioarsenite species in aqueous solution at 25 °C.
JO  - Geochemical Transactions
JF  - Geochemical Transactions
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 39
SN  - 14674866
AB  - The Raman spectra of thioarsenite and arsenite species in aqueous solution were obtained at room temperature. Solutions at constant ΣAs + ΣS of 0.1 and 0.5 mol kg-1 were prepared with various ΣS/ΣAs ratios (0.1-9.0) and pH values (~7-13.2). Our data suggest that the speciation of As under the conditions investigated is more complicated than previously thought. The Raman measurements offer evidence for at least six separate S-bearing As species whose principal bands are centered near 365, 385, 390, 400, 415 and 420 cm-1. The data suggest that at least two different species may give rise to bands at 385 cm-1, bringing the probable minimum number of species to seven. Several additional species are possible but could not be resolved definitively. In general, the relative proportions of these species are dependent on total As concentration, ΣS/ΣAs ratio and pH. At very low ΣS/ΣAs ratios we also observe Raman bands attributable to the dissociation products of H3AsO3(aq). Although we were unable to assign precise stoichiometries for the various thioarsenite species, we were able to map out general pH and ΣS/ΣAs conditions under which the various thioarsenite and arsenite species are predominant. This study provides a basis for more detailed Raman spectroscopic and other types of investigations of the nature of thioarsenite species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geochemical Transactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - ARSENIC compounds
KW  - SALTWATER solutions
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ACIDITY function
N1  - Accession Number: 30095290; Wood, Scott A. 1; Email Address: swood@uidaho.edu Tait, C. Drew 2 Janecky, David R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, Box 443022, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-3022, USA  2: Chemical Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 3, p31; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: ARSENIC compounds; Subject Term: SALTWATER solutions; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ACIDITY function; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1039/b111453k
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zavarin, Mavrik
AU  - Doner, Harvey E.
T1  - Interpretation of heterogeneity effects in synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microprobe data.
JO  - Geochemical Transactions
JF  - Geochemical Transactions
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 55
SN  - 14674866
AB  - Heterogeneity effects often limit the accuracy of synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microprobe elemental analysis data to ±30%. The difference in matrix mass absorption at Kα and Kβ fluorescence energies of a particular element can be exploited to yield information on the average depth-position of the element or account for heterogeneity effects. Using this technique, the heterogeneous distribution of Cu in a simple layered sample could be resolved to a 2 × 2 × 10 (x, y, z, where z is the depth coordinate) micrometer scale; a depth-resolution limit was determined for the first transition metal series and several other elements in calcite and iron oxide matrices. For complex heterogeneous systems, determination of average element depth may be computationally limited but the influence of heterogeneity on fluorescence data may still be assessed. We used this method to compare solid-state diffusion with sample heterogeneity across the Ni-serpentine/calcite boundary of a rock from Panoche Creek, California. We previously reported that Ni fluorescence data may indicate solid state diffusion; in fact, sample heterogeneity in the depth dimension can also explain the Ni fluorescence data. Depth heterogeneity in samples can lead to misinterpretation of synchrotron X-ray microprobe results unless care is taken to account for the influence of heterogeneity on fluorescence data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geochemical Transactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - IRON oxides
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 30095293; Zavarin, Mavrik 1; Email Address: zavarin1@llnl.gov Doner, Harvey E. 2; Email Address: doner@nature.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-221 Livermore, USA  2: University of California at Berkeley, 151 Hilgard Hall, Berkeley, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 3, p51; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: IRON oxides; Subject Term: MATRICES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1039/b204348c
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutton, Rebecca
AU  - Sposito, Garrison
T1  - Animated molecular dynamics simulations of hydrated caesium-smectite interlayers.
JO  - Geochemical Transactions
JF  - Geochemical Transactions
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
SN  - 14674866
AB  - Computer animation of center of mass coordinates obtained from 800 ps molecular dynamics simulations of Cs-smectite hydrates (1/3 and 2/3 water monolayers) provided information concerning the structure and dynamics of the interlayer region that could not be obtained through traditional simulation analysis methods. Cs+ formed inner sphere complexes with the mineral surface, and could be seen to jump from one attracting location near a layer charge site to the next, while water molecules were observed to migrate from the hydration shell of one ion to that of another. Neighboring ions maintained a partial hydration shell by sharing water molecules, such that a single water molecule hydrated two ions simultaneously for hundreds of picoseconds. Cs-montmorillonite hydrates featured the largest extent of this sharing interaction, because interlayer ions were able to inhabit positions near surface cavities as well as at their edges, close to oxygen triads. The greater positional freedom of Cs+ within the montmorillonite interlayer, a result of structural hydroxyl orientation and low tetrahedral charge, promoted the optimization of distances between cations and water molecules required for water sharing. Preference of Cs+ for locations near oxygen triads was observed within interlayer beidellite and hectorite. Water molecules also could be seen to interact directly with the mineral surface, entering its surface cavities to approach attracting charge sites and structural hydroxyls. With increasing water content, water molecules exhibited increased frequency and duration of both cavity habitation and water sharing interactions. Competition between Cs+ and water molecules for surface sites was evident. These important cooperative and competitive features of interlayer molecular behavior were uniquely revealed by animation of an otherwise highly complex simulation output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geochemical Transactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER-generated imagery
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - SMECTITE
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 30095295; Sutton, Rebecca 1; Email Address: rsutton@nature.berkeley.edu Sposito, Garrison 1; Affiliation:  1: Geochemistry Department, Earth Sciences Division, Mail Stop 90/1116, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1116; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 3, p73; Subject Term: COMPUTER-generated imagery; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: SMECTITE; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: IONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 7 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1039/b204973m
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carroll, Susan
AU  - O'Day, Peggy A.
AU  - Esser, Brad
AU  - Randall, Simon
T1  - Speciation and fate of trace metals in estuarine sediments under reduced and oxidized conditions, Seaplane Lagoon, Alameda Naval Air Station (USA).
JO  - Geochemical Transactions
JF  - Geochemical Transactions
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
EP  - 101
SN  - 14674866
AB  - We have identified important chemical reactions that control the fate of metal-contaminated estuarine sediments if they are left undisturbed (in situ) or if they are dredged. We combined information on the molecular bonding of metals in solids from X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) with thermodynamic and kinetic driving forces obtained from dissolved metal concentrations to deduce the dominant reactions under reduced and oxidized conditions. We evaluated the in situ geochemistry of metals (cadmium, chromium, iron, lead, manganese and zinc) as a function of sediment depth (to 100 cm) from a 60 year record of contamination at the Alameda Naval Air Station, California. Results from XAS and thermodynamic modeling of porewaters show that cadmium and most of the zinc form stable sulfide phases, and that lead and chromium are associated with stable carbonate, phosphate, phyllosilicate, or oxide minerals. Therefore, there is minimal risk associated with the release of these trace metals from the deeper sediments contaminated prior to the Clean Water Act (1975) as long as reducing conditions are maintained. Increased concentrations of dissolved metals with depth were indicative of the formation of metal HS- complexes. The sediments also contain zinc, chromium, and manganese associated with detrital iron-rich phyllosilicates and/or oxides. These phases are recalcitrant at near-neutral pH and do not undergo reductive dissolution within the 60 year depositional history of sediments at this site. The fate of these metals during dredging was evaluated by comparing in situ geochemistry with that of sediments oxidized by seawater in laboratory experiments. Cadmium and zinc pose the greatest hazard from dredging because their sulfides were highly reactive in seawater. However, their dissolved concentrations under oxic conditions were limited eventually by sorption to or co-precipitation with an iron (oxy)hydroxide. About 50% of the reacted CdS and 80% of the reacted ZnS were bonded to an oxide-substrate at the end of the 90-day oxidation experiment. Lead and chromium pose a minimal hazard from dredging because they are bonded to relatively insoluble carbonate, phosphate, phyllosilicate, or oxide minerals that are stable in seawater. These results point out the specific chemical behavior of individual metals in estuarine sediments, and the need for direct confirmation of metal speciation in order to constrain predictive models that realistically assess the fate of metals in urban harbors and coastal sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geochemical Transactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - ESTUARINE sediments
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - CHEMICAL speciation
N1  - Accession Number: 30095296; Carroll, Susan 1 O'Day, Peggy A. 2 Esser, Brad 1 Randall, Simon 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Geological Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA  3: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England BS8 1RJ; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 3, p81; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: ESTUARINE sediments; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: CHEMICAL speciation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 7 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1039/b205002a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breshears, David D.
AU  - Allen, Craig D.
T1  - The importance of rapid, disturbance-induced losses in carbon management and sequestration.
JO  - Global Ecology & Biogeography
JF  - Global Ecology & Biogeography
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 1466822X
AB  - Abstract Management of terrestrial carbon fluxes is being proposed as a means of increasing the amount of carbon sequestered in the terrestrial biosphere. This approach is generally viewed only as an interim strategy for the coming decades while other longer-term strategies are developed and implemented — the most important being the direct reduction of carbon emissions. We are concerned that the potential for rapid, disturbance-induced losses may be much greater than is currently appreciated, especially by the decision-making community. Here we wish to: (1) highlight the complex and threshold-like nature of disturbances — such as fire and drought, as well as the erosion associated with each — that could lead to carbon losses; (2) note the global extent of ecosystems that are at risk of such disturbance-induced carbon losses; and (3) call for increased consideration of and research on the mechanisms by which large, rapid disturbance-induced losses of terrestrial carbon could occur. Our lack of ability as a scientific community to predict such ecosystem dynamics is precluding the effective consideration of these processes into strategies and policies related to carbon management and sequestration. Consequently, scientists need to do more to improve quantification of these potential losses and to integrate them into sound, sustainable policy options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Ecology & Biogeography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON sequestration
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - CARBON
KW  - Carbon management
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - disturbance
KW  - erosion
KW  - fire
KW  - forest dieback
KW  - reforestation
N1  - Accession Number: 6166703; Breshears, David D. 1 Allen, Craig D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Environmental Dynamics and Spatial Analysis, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Mail Stop J 495, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.;  2: U.S. Geological Survey, Midcontinent Ecological Science Center, Jemez Mountains Field Station, HCR1, Box 1, no. 15, Los Alamos, NM 87544, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: CARBON sequestration; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: CARBON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon management; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: fire; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest dieback; Author-Supplied Keyword: reforestation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1466-822X.2002.00274.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gill, R. A
AU  - Kelly, R. H
AU  - Parton, W. J
AU  - Day, K. A
AU  - Jackson, R. B
AU  - Morgan, J. A
AU  - Scurlock, J. M. O
AU  - Tieszen, L. L
AU  - Castle, J. V
AU  - Ojima, D. S
AU  - Zhang, X. S
T1  - Using simple environmental variables to estimate below-ground productivity in grasslands.
JO  - Global Ecology & Biogeography
JF  - Global Ecology & Biogeography
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 86
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 1466822X
AB  - Abstract In many temperate and annual grasslands, above-ground net primary productivity (NPP) can be estimated by measuring peak above-ground biomass. Estimates of below-ground net primary productivity and, consequently, total net primary productivity, are more difficult. We addressed one of the three main objectives of the Global Primary Productivity Data Initiative for grassland systems to develop simple models or algorithms to estimate missing components of total system NPP. Any estimate of below-ground NPP (BNPP) requires an accounting of total root biomass, the percentage of living biomass and annual turnover of live roots. We derived a relationship using above-ground peak biomass and mean annual temperature as predictors of below-ground biomass (r 2 = 0.54; P = 0.01). The percentage of live material was 0.6, based on published values. We used three different functions to describe root turnover: constant, a direct function of above-ground biomass, or as a positive exponential relationship with mean annual temperature. We tested the various models against a large database of global grassland NPP and the constant turnover and direct function models were approximately equally descriptive (r 2 = 0.31 and 0.37), while the exponential function had a stronger correlation with the measured values (r 2 = 0.40) and had a better fit than the other two models at the productive end of the BNPP gradient. When applied to extensive data we assembled from two grassland sites with reliable estimates of total NPP, the direct function was most effective, especially at lower productivity sites. We provide some caveats for its use in systems that lie at the extremes of the grassland gradient and stress that there are large uncertainties associated with measured and modelled estimates of BNPP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Ecology & Biogeography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRASSLAND ecology
KW  - PLANT biomass
KW  - Below-ground biomass
KW  - biomass to NPP conversion
KW  - functional equilibrium
KW  - grassland NPP
KW  - net primary production
KW  - NPP estimation
KW  - root turnover
N1  - Accession Number: 6166704; Gill, R. A 1 Kelly, R. H 2 Parton, W. J 2 Day, K. A 3 Jackson, R. B 1 Morgan, J. A 4 Scurlock, J. M. O 5 Tieszen, L. L 6 Castle, J. V 7 Ojima, D. S 2 Zhang, X. S 8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A. E-mail: rgill@wsu.edu  2: Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, U.S.A.,  3: Department of Natural Resources, Climate Impacts and Grazing Systems, Indooroopilly, Queensland 4068, Australia,  4: USDA/ARS Rangeland Resources (1701) Center Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80526, U.S.A.,  5: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831–6407, U.S.A.,  6: EROS Data Center, US Geological Survey, Sioux Falls, SD 57198, U.S.A.,  7: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Long-term Ecological Research Network Office, 801 University Boulevard SE, Suite 104, Albuquerque, NM 87106, U.S.A.,  8: Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, XiangShan, Beijing 100093, PR China; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p79; Subject Term: GRASSLAND ecology; Subject Term: PLANT biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Below-ground biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomass to NPP conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: functional equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: grassland NPP; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: root turnover; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1466-822X.2001.00267.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, John M.
AU  - MacDonell, Margaret M.
AU  - Longo, Thomas P.
AU  - Harvill, Joe P.
AU  - Drez, Paul E.
T1  - VOLUME AND ACTIVITY OF BURIED TRANSURANIC-CONTAMINATED WASTES AT U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY FACILITIES.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 13
SN  - 00179078
AB  - From the 1940’s through the 1970’s, radioactive wastes meeting the current definition of transuranic wastes were disposed of by shallow land burial and other techniques at a number of sites owned and operated by the federal government in support of the nuclear weapons program. After transuranic wastes were identified as a separate category of radioactive wastes (distinct from low-level wastes) in 1970 by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, they were generally segregated and placed in retrievable storage pending the availability of a geologic repository. Updated information on buried transuranic wastes was recently developed to support future decisions on how to manage these materials. This paper summarizes the approach used to develop this information for U.S. Department of Energy facilities and presents the volumes and transuranic activities of these wastes. The total volume of buried transuranic wastes at DOE sites is approximately 126,000 m3 with a much smaller volume (about 11,000 m3) disposed of at intermediate depths. The reported transuranic activity in these previously disposed of wastes is about 28,000 TBq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - plutonium
KW  - radioactive materials
KW  - uranium
KW  - waste disposal
N1  - Accession Number: 112165006; Peterson, John M. 1; MacDonell, Margaret M. 1; Longo, Thomas P. 1; Harvill, Joe P. 1; Drez, Paul E. 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439; † Office of Environmental Management, U.S. Department of Energy, 19901 Germantown Road, Germantown, MD 20874; ‡ S. M. Stoller Corporation, 101 East Mermod Street, Carlsbad, NM 88220; § Drez Environmental Associates, 8816 Cherry Hills Road, NE, Albuquerque, NM 87111.; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 82 Issue 1, p4; Author-Supplied Keyword: plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: radioactive materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium; Author-Supplied Keyword: waste disposal; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whicker, Jeffrey J.
AU  - Wasiolek, Piotr T.
AU  - Tavani, Rebecca A.
T1  - INFLUENCE OF ROOM GEOMETRY AND VENTILATION RATE ON AIRFLOW AND AEROSOL DISPERSION: IMPLICATIONS FOR WORKER PROTECTION.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 52
EP  - 63
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Knowledge of dispersion rates and patterns of radioactive aerosols and gases through workrooms is critical for understanding human exposure and for developing strategies for worker protection. The dispersion within rooms can be influenced by complex interactions between numerous variables, but especially ventilation design and room furnishings. For this study, dependence of airflow and aerosol dispersion on workroom geometry (furnishings) and ventilation rate were studied in an experimental room that was designed to approximate a plutonium laboratory. Three different configurations of simulated gloveboxes and two ventilation rates (approximately 6 and 12 air exchanges per hour) were studied. A sonic anemometer was used to measure airflow parameters including all three components of air velocity vectors and turbulence intensity distributions at multiple locations and heights. Aerosol dispersion rates and patterns were measured by releasing aerosols multiple times from six different locations. Aerosol particle concentrations resolved in time and space were measured using 16 multiplexed laser particle counters. Comparisons were made of air velocities, turbulence, and aerosol transport across different ventilation rates and room configurations. A strong influence of ventilation rate on aerosol dispersion rates and air velocity was found, and changes in room geometry had significant effects on aerosol dispersion rates and patterns. These results are important with regards to constant evaluation of placement of air sampling equipment, benchmarking numerical models of room airflow, and design of ventilation and room layouts with consideration of worker safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - aerosols
KW  - air sampling
KW  - occupational safety
KW  - ventilation
N1  - Accession Number: 112165010; Whicker, Jeffrey J. 1; Wasiolek, Piotr T. 1; Tavani, Rebecca A. 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗Los Alamos National Laboratory, Health Physics Measurements Group, Mail Stop G761, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 82 Issue 1, p52; Author-Supplied Keyword: aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: air sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: occupational safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: ventilation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Pingwei
AU  - McDermott, Gerry
AU  - Strong, Roland K.
T1  - Crystal Structures of RAE-1β and Its Complex with the Activating Immunoreceptor NKG2D
JO  - Immunity
JF  - Immunity
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 10747613
AB  - Induced by retinoic acid and implicated in playing a role in development, rodent RAE-1 proteins are ligands for the activating immunoreceptor NKG2D, widely expressed on natural killer cells, T cells, and macrophages. RAE-1 proteins (α, β, γ, and δ) are distant major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I homologs, comprising isolated α1α2 platform domains. The crystal structure of RAE-1β was distorted from other MHC homologs and displayed noncanonical disulfide bonds. The loss of any remnant of a peptide binding groove was facilitated by the close approach of the groove-defining helices through a hydrophobic, leucine-rich interface. The RAE-1β-murine NKG2D complex structure resembled the human NKG2D-MICA receptor-ligand complex and further demonstrated the promiscuity of the NKG2D ligand binding site. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Immunity is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGAND binding (Biochemistry)
KW  - KILLER cells
KW  - T cells
KW  - TRETINOIN
N1  - Accession Number: 7749673; Li, Pingwei 1 McDermott, Gerry 2 Strong, Roland K. 1; Email Address: rstrong@fhcrc.org; Affiliation:  1: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Basic Sciences, Seattle, WA 98109 USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: LIGAND binding (Biochemistry); Subject Term: KILLER cells; Subject Term: T cells; Subject Term: TRETINOIN; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehman, Sean K.
T1  - Superresolution planar diffraction tomography through evanescent fields<FNR></FNR><FN>This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No. W-7405-Eng-48. </FN>
JO  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
JF  - International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 26
SN  - 08999457
AB  - We consider the problem of noninvasively locating objects buried in a layered medium such as land mines in the ground or objects concealed in a wall. In such environments, the transmitter(s) and receiver(s) are frequently within the near-field region of the illuminating radiation. In these cases, the scattered evanescent field carries useful information on the scattering object. Conventional diffraction tomography techniques neglect, by their design, the evanescent field. Under near-field conditions, they treat it as noise as opposed to valid data. If correctly incorporated into a reconstruction algorithm, the evanescent field, which carries high spatial frequency information, can be used to achieve resolution beyond the classical limit of λ/2, or “superresolution.” We build on the generalized holography theory presented by Langenberg to develop a planar diffraction tomography algorithm that incorporates evanescent field information to achieve superresolution. Our theory is based on a generalization of the Fourier transform, which allows for complex spatial frequencies in a manner similar to the Laplace transform. We specialize our model to the case of a two-dimensional multimonostatic, wideband imaging system, and derive an extended resolution reconstruction procedure. We implement and apply our reconstruction to two data sets collected using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Micropower Impulse Radar (MIR). © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol 12, 16–26, 2002 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Imaging Systems & Technology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - IMAGE reconstruction
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - LAPLACE transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 13509991; Lehman, Sean K. 1; Email Address: lehman2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p16; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: IMAGE reconstruction; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: LAPLACE transformation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/ima.10006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Young, Darrin J.
AU  - Boser, Bernhard E.
AU  - Malba, Vincent
AU  - Bernhardt, Anthony F.
T1  - Correction to “A micromachined RF low phase noise voltage-controlled oscillator for wireless communications”.
JO  - International Journal of RF & Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering
JF  - International Journal of RF & Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Erratum
SP  - 140
EP  - 140
SN  - 10964290
AB  - Presents a correction to the article "A Micromachined RF Low Phase Noise Voltage-Controlled Oscillator for Wireless Communications," by Darrin J. Young et al, which appeared in the April 24, 2001 issue of the "International Journal of RF & Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering."
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13360996; Young, Darrin J. 1 Boser, Bernhard E. 1 Malba, Vincent 2 Bernhardt, Anthony F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p140; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Erratum
L3  - 10.1002/mmce.10029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palmer,, Donald A.
AU  - Rard,, Joseph A.
AU  - Clegg, Simon L.
T1  - Isopiestic determination of the osmotic and activity coefficients of Rb 2SO4 (aq) and Cs 2SO 4(aq) at T =  (298.15 and 323.15) K, and representation with an extended ion-interaction (Pitzer) model
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Isopiestic vapor-pressure measurements were made for Rb 2SO 4(aq) from molalitym  =  (0.16886 to 1.5679 )mol · kg − 1atT  =  298.15 K and from m =  (0.32902 to 1.2282 )mol · kg − 1at T =  323.15 K, and for Cs 2SO4 (aq) from m =  (0.11213 to 3.10815 )mol · kg − 1at T =  298.15 K and fromm  =  (0.11872 to 3.5095 )mol · kg − 1atT  =  323.15 K, with NaCl(aq) as the reference standard. Published thermodynamic information for these systems were reviewed and the isopiestic equilibrium molalities and dilution enthalpies were critically assessed and recalculated in a consistent manner. Values of the four parameters of an extended version of Pitzer`s model for osmotic and activity coefficients with an ionic-strength dependent third virial coefficient were evaluated for both systems at both temperatures, as were those of the usual three-parameter Pitzer model. Similarly, parameters of Pitzer`s model for the relative apparent molar enthalpies of dilution were evaluated at T =  298.15 K for both Rb 2SO 4(aq) and Cs 2SO 4(aq) for the more restricted range of m&les; 0.101 mol · kg − 1. Values of the thermodynamic solubility product Ks(Rb2 SO 4, cr, 298.15 K )  =  (0.1392  ±  0.0154) and the CODATA compatible standard molar Gibbs free energy of formationΔfGmo (Rb 2SO 4, cr, 298.15 K )  =   − (1316.91  ±  0.59)kJ · mol − 1, standard molar enthalpy of formationΔfHmo (Rb 2SO 4, cr, 298.15 K )  =   − (1435.07  ±  0.60)kJ · mol − 1, and standard molar entropy S mo(Rb2 SO 4, cr, 298.15 K )  =  (199.60  ±  2.88)J · K − 1· mol − 1were derived. A sample of one of the lots of Rb 2SO 4(s) used for part of our isopiestic measurements was analyzed by ion chromatography, and was found to be contaminated with potassium and cesium in amounts that significantly exceeded the claims of the supplier. In contrast, analysis by ion chromatography of a lot of Cs 2SO 4(s) used for some of our experiments showed it was highly pure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSMOSIS
KW  - VAPOR pressure
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - caesium suphate
KW  - isopiestic measurements
KW  - osmotic coefficient
KW  - Pitzer`s model
KW  - rubidium sulphate
N1  - Accession Number: 7928646; Palmer,, Donald A. 1 Rard,, Joseph A. 2 Clegg, Simon L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, U.S.A.  2: Geosciences and Environmental Technologies, Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.A.  3: School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: OSMOSIS; Subject Term: VAPOR pressure; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: caesium suphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: isopiestic measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pitzer`s model; Author-Supplied Keyword: rubidium sulphate; Number of Pages: 40p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jcht.2000.0901
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finsterle, S.
AU  - Fabryka-Martin, J.T.
AU  - Wang, J.S.Y.
T1  - Migration of a water pulse through fractured porous media
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Contaminant transport from waste-disposal sites is strongly affected by the presence of fractures and the degree of fracture–matrix interaction. Characterization of potential contaminant plumes at such sites is difficult, both experimentally and numerically. Simulations of water flow through fractured rock were performed to examine the penetration depth of a large pulse of water entering such a system. Construction water traced with lithium bromide was released during the excavation of a tunnel at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, which is located in an unsaturated fractured tuff formation. Modeling of construction-water migration is qualitatively compared with bromide-to-chloride ratio (Br/Cl) data for pore-water salts extracted from drillcores. The influences of local heterogeneities in the fracture network and variations in hydrogeologic parameters were examined by sensitivity analyses and Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results are qualitatively consistent with the observed Br/Cl signals, although these data may only indicate a minimum penetration depth, and water may have migrated farther through the fracture network. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sewage disposal plants
KW  - Fracture mechanics
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Dual permeability
KW  - Fracture–matrix interaction
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Unsaturated zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 7739677; Finsterle, S. 1; Email Address: SAFinsterle@lbl.gov; Fabryka-Martin, J.T. 2; Wang, J.S.Y. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 90-1116, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 54 Issue 1/2, p37; Thesaurus Term: Sewage disposal plants; Subject Term: Fracture mechanics; Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dual permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture–matrix interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mattson, Earl D.
AU  - Bowman, Robert S.
AU  - Lindgren, Eric R.
T1  - Electrokinetic ion transport through unsaturated soil: 1. Theory, model development, and testing
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 01697722
AB  - An electromigration transport model for non-reactive ion transport in unsaturated soil was developed and tested against laboratory experiments. This model assumed the electric potential field was constant with respect to time, an assumption valid for highly buffered soil, or when the electrode electrolysis reactions are neutralized. The model also assumed constant moisture contents and temperature with respect to time, and that electroosmotic and hydraulic transport of water through the soil was negligible. A functional relationship between ionic mobility and the electrolyte concentration was estimated using the chemical activity coefficient. Tortuosity was calculated from a mathematical relationship fitted to the electrical conductivity of the bulk pore water and soil moisture data. The functional relationship between ionic mobility, pore-water concentration, and tortuosity as a function of moisture content allowed the model to predict ion transport in heterogeneous unsaturated soils. The model was tested against laboratory measurements assessing anionic electromigration as a function of moisture content. In the test cell, a strip of soil was spiked with red dye No 40 and monitored for a 24-h period while a 10-mA current was maintained between the electrodes. Electromigration velocities predicted by the electromigration transport model were in agreement with laboratory experimental results. Both laboratory-measured and model-predicted dye migration results indicated a maximum transport velocity at moisture contents less than saturation due to competing effects between current density and tortuosity as moisture content decreases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Electrokinetics
KW  - Inorganic
KW  - Transport
KW  - Unsaturated
N1  - Accession Number: 7739680; Mattson, Earl D. 1; Email Address: matted@inel.gov; Bowman, Robert S. 2; Lindgren, Eric R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Geoscience Research Department, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2107, USA; 2: Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0719, USA; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 54 Issue 1/2, p99; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Subject Term: Electrokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inorganic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mattson, Earl D.
AU  - Bowman, Robert S.
AU  - Lindgren, Eric R.
T1  - Electrokinetic ion transport through unsaturated soil: : 2. Application to a heterogeneous field site
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Results of a field demonstration of electrokinetic transport of acetate through an unsaturated heterogeneous soil are compared to numerical modeling predictions. The numerical model was based on the groundwater flow and transport codes MODFLOW and MT3D modified to account for electrically induced ion transport. The 6-month field demonstration was conducted in an unsaturated layered soil profile where the soil moisture content ranged from 4% to 28% (m3 m−3). Specially designed ceramic-cased electrodes maintained a steady-state moisture content and electric potential field between the electrodes during the field demonstration. Acetate, a byproduct of acetic acid neutralization of the cathode electrolysis reaction, was transported from the cathode to the anode by electromigration. Field demonstration results indicated preferential transport of acetate through soil layers exhibiting higher moisture content/electrical conductivity. These field transport results agree with theoretical predictions that electromigration velocity is proportional to a power function of the effective moisture content. A numerical model using a homogeneous moisture content/electrical conductivity domain did not adequately predict the acetate field results. Numerical model predictions using a three-layer electrical conductivity/moisture content profile agreed qualitatively with the observed acetate distribution. These results suggest that field heterogeneities must be incorporated into electrokinetic models to predict ion transport at the field-scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Electrokinetics
KW  - Elecrokinetic ion transport
KW  - Heterogeneous field site
KW  - Unsaturated soil
N1  - Accession Number: 7739681; Mattson, Earl D. 1; Email Address: matted@inel.gov; Bowman, Robert S. 2; Lindgren, Eric R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Geoscience Research Department, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, PO Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415-2107, USA; 2: Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0719, USA; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 54 Issue 1/2, p121; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Subject Term: Electrokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elecrokinetic ion transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous field site; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated soil; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jarnik, Michal
AU  - de Viragh, Pierre A
AU  - Schärer, Elisabeth
AU  - Bundman, Donnie
AU  - Simon, Martha N
AU  - Roop, Dennis R
AU  - Steven, Alasdair C
T1  - Quasi-Normal Cornified Cell Envelopes in Loricrin Knockout Mice Imply the Existence of a Loricrin Backup System.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 118
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
EP  - 109
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - The cornified cell envelope, a lipoprotein layer that assembles at the surface of terminally differentiated keratinocytes, is a resilient structure on account of covalent crosslinking of its constituent proteins, principally loricrin, which accounts for up to 60%-80% of total protein. Despite the importance of the cell envelope as a protective barrier, knocking out the loricrin gene in mice results in only mild syndromes. We have investigated the epidermis and forestomach epithelium of these mice by electron microscopy. In both tissues, corneocytes have normal-looking cell envelopes, despite the absence of loricrin, which was confirmed by immunolabeling, and the absence of the distinctive loricrin-containing keratohyalin granules (L-granules). Isolated cell envelopes were normal in thickness (≈15 nm) and mass per unit area (≈7.3 kDa per nm2 ); however, metal shadowing revealed an altered substructure on their cytoplasmic surface. Their amino acid compositions indicate altered protein compositions. Analysis of these data implies that the epidermal cell envelopes have elevated levels of the small proline-rich proteins, and cell envelopes of both kinds contain other protein(s) that, like loricrin, are rich in glycine and serine. These observations imply that, in the absence of loricrin, the mechanisms that govern cell envelope assembly function normally but employ different building-blocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MICE
KW  - Epidermal keratinocytes
KW  - immunoelectron microscopy
KW  - scanning transmission electron microscopy
KW  - Small proline-rich proteins
KW  - terminal differentiation
N1  - Accession Number: 5866623; Jarnik, Michal 1,2 de Viragh, Pierre A 3 Schärer, Elisabeth 3 Bundman, Donnie 3 Simon, Martha N 4 Roop, Dennis R 3 Steven, Alasdair C 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland;  2: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;  3: Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas;  4: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 118 Issue 1, p102; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MICE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epidermal keratinocytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunoelectron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: scanning transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small proline-rich proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: terminal differentiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs, 18 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01661.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenmeier, Michael F.
AU  - Hodell, David A.
AU  - Brenner, Mark
AU  - Curtis, Jason H.
AU  - Martin, Jonathan B.
AU  - Anselmetti, Flavio S.
AU  - Ariztegui, Daniel
AU  - Guilderson, Thomas P.
T1  - Influence of vegetation change on watershed hydrology: implications for paleoclimatic interpretation of lacustrine δ18O records.
JO  - Journal of Paleolimnology
JF  - Journal of Paleolimnology
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 131
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09212728
AB  - Stratigraphic shifts in the oxygen isotopic (δ18O) and trace element (Mg and Sr) composition of biogenic carbonate from tropical lake sediment cores are often interpreted as a proxy record of the changing relation between evaporation and precipitation (E/P). Holocene δ18O and Mg and Sr records from Lakes Salpetén and Petén Itzá, Guatemala were apparently affected by drainage basin vegetation changes that influenced watershed hydrology, thereby confounding paleoclimatic interpretations. Oxygen isotope values and trace element concentrations in the two lowland lakes were greatest between ~ 9000 and 6800 14C-yr BP, suggesting relatively high E/P, but pollen data indicate moist conditions and extensive forest cover in the early Holocene. The discrepancy between pollen- and geochemically-inferred climate conditions may be reconciled if the high early Holocene δ18O and trace element values were controlled principally by low surface runoff and groundwater flow to the lake, rather than high E/P. Dense forest cover in the early Holocene would have increased evapotranspiration and soil moisture storage, thereby reducing delivery of meteoric water to the lakes. Carbonate δ18O and Mg and Sr decreased between 7200 and 3500 14C-yr BP in Lake Salpetén and between 6800 and 5000 14C-yr BP in Lake Petén Itzá. This decline coincided with palynologically documented forest loss that may have led to increased surface and groundwater flow to the lakes. In Lake Salpetén, minimum δ18O values (i.e., high lake levels) occurred between 3500 and 1800 14C-yr BP. Relatively high lake levels were confirmed by 14C-dated aquatic gastropods from subaerial soil profiles ~ 1.0–7.5 m above present lake stage. High lake levels were a consequence of lower E/P and/or greater surface runoff and groundwater inflow caused by human-induced deforestation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Paleolimnology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Watershed hydrology
KW  - Lakes -- Guatemala
KW  - Holocene paleoclimatology
KW  - Oxygen isotopes
KW  - Watersheds -- Guatemala
KW  - Guatemala
KW  - climate
KW  - Holocene
KW  - hydrology
KW  - lake sediments
KW  - Maya
KW  - oxygen isotopes
KW  - trace elements
KW  - vegetation change
N1  - Accession Number: 51577499; Rosenmeier, Michael F. 1; Hodell, David A. 1; Brenner, Mark 1; Curtis, Jason H. 1; Martin, Jonathan B. 1; Anselmetti, Flavio S. 2; Ariztegui, Daniel 2,3; Guilderson, Thomas P. 1,4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 112120, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; 2: Geological Institute, ETH-Zentrum, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; 3: Institut Forel, University of Geneva, 10 Route de Suisse, CH 1229, Versoix, Switzerland; 4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p117; Thesaurus Term: Watershed hydrology; Subject Term: Lakes -- Guatemala; Subject Term: Holocene paleoclimatology; Subject Term: Oxygen isotopes; Subject Term: Watersheds -- Guatemala; Subject: Guatemala; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: lake sediments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maya; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxygen isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: trace elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: vegetation change; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1013535930777
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonzogni, A. A.
T1  - Proton Radioactivity in Z > 50 Nuclides
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Abstract: Ground- and excited-state nuclear properties for nuclei with Z>50 that exhibit proton radioactivity have been compiled and evaluated. Manuscripts published before September 1, 2001 have been included in this work. A total of 26 nuclei were evaluated: 105Sb, 109I, 112Cs, 113Cs, 116La, 117La, 131Eu, 140Ho, 141Ho, 145Tm, 146Tm, 147Tm, 150Lu, 151Lu, 155Ta, 156Ta, 157Ta, 160Re, 161Re, 164Ir, 165Ir, 166Ir, 167Ir, 171Au, 177Tl and 185Bi. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 8502141; Sonzogni, A. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Number of Pages: 48p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/ndsh.2002.0001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BAGLIN, CORAL M.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for 183Tl
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Abstract: Nuclear structure data pertaining to 183Tl have been compiled and evaluated, and incorporated into the ENSDF data file. This evaluation of 183Tl supersedes the previous publication (R.B. Firestone, Nuclear Data Sheets 65, 589 (1992) (literature cutoff date 9 January 1991)), and includes literature available by 1 January 2002. The newly incorporated references are: 2001Mu26, 2000Re04, 1999Ba45, 1998Ak04, 1995Au04, 1992BoZO, 1992BlZW, 1984ScZQ, 1980Sc09. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - DATABASES
N1  - Accession Number: 8502142; BAGLIN, CORAL M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: DATABASES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/ndsh.2002.0002
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Littrell, K.C.
AU  - Richardson, J.W.
AU  - Carpenter, J.M.
AU  - Brown, B.S.
T1  - Present status and perspectives on neutron scattering instrumentation development at IPNS
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 311
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Since its beginnings in ZING-P in the early 1970s, the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) at Argonne National Laboratory has played an important role in the development of neutron scattering instrumentation, particularly in the utilization of time-of-flight techniques such as time-focusing for diffractometers. IPNS operates a user program for 11 instruments 25 weeks per year with a call for proposals every 6 months. As a medium-flux user facility, it serves the needs of the broader scientific community while providing training in the design and use of neutron scattering instruments for the next generation of scientists. The instruments at IPNS are continually being upgraded and evaluated; a significantly improved quasielastic neutron spectrometer was commissioned in 2000, and a similar enhancement on the high-resolution, medium-energy-range chopper spectrometer is currently underway. An enhancement plan, which includes improvements to most of the instruments and would approximately double the scientific throughput of IPNS, was recently reviewed and highly recommended. IPNS has lead responsibility for neutron scattering instruments for the Spallation Neutron Source being built at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and has played a leading role in developing a proposal for target station and instruments for a long wavelength target station submitted in January 2001 to the National Science Foundation. Through these and other projects, IPNS will continue to be a source and testbed for novel neutron scattering instrumentation concepts. Thus, IPNS will play a vital role in the global neutron scattering community for the foreseeable future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Source
KW  - Time-of-flight
KW  - User facility
N1  - Accession Number: 7766094; Littrell, K.C.; Email Address: klittrell@anl.gov Richardson, J.W. 1 Carpenter, J.M. 1 Brown, B.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 360, Argonne, IL60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 311 Issue 1/2, p112; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight; Author-Supplied Keyword: User facility; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, P.D.
AU  - Engel, L.W.
AU  - Tsui, D.C.
AU  - Simmons, J.A.
AU  - Wendt, J.R.
AU  - Vawter, G.A.
AU  - Reno, J.L.
T1  - Microwave conductivity of antidot array in regime of fractional quantum Hall effect
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 13869477
AB  - In the regime of the fractional quantum Hall effect, with Landau filling <f>ν<1</f>, an antidot array in a high-mobility 2D electron system exhibits anomalous, enhanced high-frequency conductivity. This enhanced conductivity increases with frequency <f>(f)</f> but decreases with temperature <f>(T)</f>, and can be observed only for <f>T&lsim;0.5 K</f>, <f>f&gsim;2 GHz</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM Hall effect
KW  - LANDAU levels
KW  - Antidot
KW  - Fractional quantum Hall effect
KW  - Microwave
N1  - Accession Number: 7779893; Ye, P.D. 1,2 Engel, L.W. 1; Email Address: engel@magnet.fsu.edu Tsui, D.C. 2 Simmons, J.A. 3 Wendt, J.R. 3 Vawter, G.A. 3 Reno, J.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p109; Subject Term: QUANTUM Hall effect; Subject Term: LANDAU levels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antidot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractional quantum Hall effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microwave; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, H.J.
AU  - Yi, K.S.
AU  - Kim, N.M.
AU  - Lee, S.J.
AU  - Quinn, J.J.
T1  - Finite-temperature study of a modulation-doped DMS quantum well with broken spin symmetry
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We present a finite-temperature self-consistent calculation of the electronic properties in a modulation doped dilute magnetic strucuture (DMS) QW structure with broken spin-symmetry. The spin-split subband structure is calculated at finite temperatures as a function of applied magnetic field. Temperature and magnetic field effects on the electronic properties are analyzed for various degrees of spin polarization. Carrier-induced magnetism and the possible ferromagnetic–paramagnetic phase transitions are analyzed in terms of various material parameters of the DMS QW structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DILUTED magnetic semiconductors
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - Dilute magnetic semiconductors
KW  - Finite-temperature effects
KW  - Phase diagram
KW  - Spin polarized quantum wells
KW  - Spontaneous magnetization
N1  - Accession Number: 7779959; Kim, H.J. 1 Yi, K.S. 1; Email Address: ksyi@pnu.edu Kim, N.M. 2 Lee, S.J. 2 Quinn, J.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, South Korea  2: Quantum-functional Semiconductor Research Center, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, South Korea  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p383; Subject Term: DILUTED magnetic semiconductors; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dilute magnetic semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite-temperature effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin polarized quantum wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spontaneous magnetization; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, C.L.
AU  - Zudov, M.A.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Du, R.R.
AU  - Simmons, J.A.
AU  - Reno, J.L.
T1  - Magnetophonon resonance of two-dimensional electrons by leaky interface-acoustic phonons
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Low-magnetic field <f>(B<5 kG)</f> magnetoresistance oscillations (periodic in <f>1/B</f>) have been observed in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). Such novel oscillations appear only in a limited temperature range (approximately, <f>2 K<T<10 K</f>). The effect is attributed to magnetophonon resonance of 2DEG with thermally excited leaky interface-acoustic phonons. Results from Fourier analysis of the temperature dependence data are consistent with a model in which two branches of phonon modes contribute to the resonance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - Electronic transport
KW  - Phonon
KW  - Two-dimensional electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 7779974; Yang, C.L. 1 Zudov, M.A. 1 Zhang, J. 1 Du, R.R. 1 Simmons, J.A. 2 Reno, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p443; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PHONONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-dimensional electrons; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ossau, W.
AU  - Yakovlev, D.R.
AU  - Astakhov, G.V.
AU  - Waag, A.
AU  - Meinig, C.J.
AU  - Nickel, H.A.
AU  - McCombe, B.D.
AU  - Crooker, S.A.
T1  - High magnetic field optical studies of 2DEG in modulation-doped ZnSe quantum wells
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 512
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Properties of a two-dimensional electron gas with a density of <f>5×1011 cm−2</f> in a <f>ZnSe/(Zn,Be,Mg)Se</f> quantum well structure have been investigated by means of polarized magneto-luminescence in fields up to <f>47 T</f> and by an optically detected resonance (ODR) technique. With increasing magnetic field, the optical spectra of the electronic system changes its appearance from Landau-level-like with a linear shift of lines, to excitonic-like with a diamagnetic shift. The transition occurs at filling factor 2. Pronounced oscillatory features at even filling factors are found for the luminescence intensity and polarization degree, the energy of optical transitions, and in ODR signal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - Excitons
KW  - Two-dimensional electron gas
KW  - ZnSe quantum wells
N1  - Accession Number: 7779991; Ossau, W. 1; Email Address: ossau@physik.uni-wuerzburg.de Yakovlev, D.R. 1,2; Email Address: yakovlev@physik.uni-wuerzburg.de Astakhov, G.V. 1,2 Waag, A. 1 Meinig, C.J. 3 Nickel, H.A. 3 McCombe, B.D. 3 Crooker, S.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physikalisches Institut der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany  2: A.F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194017, St.Petersburg, Russia  3: Department of Physics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos, 87545 New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p512; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excitons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-dimensional electron gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnSe quantum wells; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riva, C.
AU  - Peeters, F.M.
AU  - Varga, K.
T1  - Theory of trions in quantum wells
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We investigate the energy levels of the negatively and positively charged excitons (also called trions) in a <f>200 A˚</f> wide GaAs quantum well in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. A comparison is made with the experimental results of Glasberg et al. (Phys. Rev. B. 59 (1999) R10 425) and of Yusa et al. (cond-mat/0103505). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - Condensed matter
KW  - Excitons
KW  - Quantum wells
N1  - Accession Number: 7779999; Riva, C. 1; Email Address: riva@uia.ua.ac.be Peeters, F.M. 1 Varga, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Departement Natuurkunde, Universiteit Antwerpen (UIA), Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerpen, Belgium  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-3062, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p543; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condensed matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excitons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum wells; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fromer, N.A.
AU  - Schüller, C.
AU  - Chemla, D.S.
AU  - Shahbazyan, T.V.
AU  - Perakis, I.E.
AU  - Driscoll, D.
AU  - Gossard, A.C.
T1  - Femtosecond dynamics of inter-Landau level excitations of a two-dimensional electron gas in the quantum Hall regime
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 550
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We use degenerate four-wave mixing to investigate the dynamics of electron–hole pairs interacting with magnetoplasmon excitations of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the quantum Hall effect regime. We observe a strong coupling between Landau levels induced by the magnetoplasmon interactions, leading to a transfer of our signal strength to the lowest Landau level, as well as strong non-Markovian effects. These observations are interpreted within a model taking into account the many body Hamiltonian for the 2DEG system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - Coherent spectroscopy
KW  - Quantum wells
KW  - Two-dimensional electron gas
N1  - Accession Number: 7780001; Fromer, N.A. 1; Email Address: nafromer@lbl.gov Schüller, C. 1 Chemla, D.S. 1 Shahbazyan, T.V. 2 Perakis, I.E. 3 Driscoll, D. 4 Gossard, A.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 2-300, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, 710 03 Heraklion, Crete, Greece  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p550; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-dimensional electron gas; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shibata, K.
AU  - Kotera, N.
AU  - Arimoto, H.
AU  - Miura, N.
AU  - Wang, Yongjie
AU  - Jones, E.D.
AU  - Reno, J.L.
AU  - Washima, M.
AU  - Mishima, T.
T1  - Study of band nonparabolicity using electron–cyclotron resonance of InGaAs/InAlAs quantum wells below <f>100 T</f>
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Nonparabolic tendency of conduction subbands in InGaAs/InAlAs quantum wells (QWs), lattice-matched to InP, were studied using cyclotron resonance (CR) because its confinement potential was stronger than in InGaAs/InP and GaAs/GaAlAs QWs. Thickness of InGaAs well was 5–<f>10 nm</f>. Barrier thickness was more than <f>10 nm</f>. Field-scanned pulse CR and wavelength-scanned CR were observed. CR energy changed sublinearly with magnetic field. This curve agreed with our calculation, based on Kane''s three-level band theory and Landau quantization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - Cyclotron resonance
KW  - Nonparabolicity
KW  - Quantum wells
N1  - Accession Number: 7780005; Shibata, K. 1 Kotera, N. 1; Email Address: kotera@ieee.org Arimoto, H. 2 Miura, N. 2 Wang, Yongjie 3 Jones, E.D. 4 Reno, J.L. 4 Washima, M. 5 Mishima, T. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Electronics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kawazu 680-4, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan  2: Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA  4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA  5: Hitachi Cable. Ltd., Tsuchiura, Ibaragi, Japan  6: Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd., Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p566; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclotron resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonparabolicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum wells; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogdanovich, Snežana
AU  - Popović, Dragana
T1  - Glass transition in a two-dimensional electron system in silicon
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 604
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Large fluctuations of conductivity with time are observed in a low-mobility two-dimensional electron system in silicon at low electron densities <f>ns</f> and temperatures. A dramatic increase of the noise power (<f>∝1/fα</f>) as <f>ns</f> is reduced below a certain density <f>ng</f>, and a sharp jump of <f>α</f> at <f>ns&ap;ng</f>, are attributed to the freezing of the electron glass at <f>ns=ng</f>. The data strongly suggest that glassy dynamics persists in the metallic phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Glassy dynamics
KW  - Metal–insulator transition
N1  - Accession Number: 7780014; Bogdanovich, Snežana 1 Popović, Dragana; Email Address: dragana@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p604; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glassy dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–insulator transition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobrosavljević, V.
AU  - Pastor, A.A.
T1  - Glassy behavior of electrons as a precursor to the localization transition
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 608
SN  - 13869477
AB  - A theoretical model is presented, describing the glassy freezing of electrons in the vicinity of disorder-driven metal–insulator transitions. Our results indicate that the onset of glassy dynamics should emerge before the localization transition is reached, thus predicting the existence of an intermediate metallic glass phase between the normal metal and the insulator. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - Glassy behavior
KW  - Metal–insulator transition
N1  - Accession Number: 7780015; Dobrosavljević, V.; Email Address: vlad@magnet.fsu.edu Pastor, A.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800E Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p608; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glassy behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–insulator transition; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaroszyński, J.
AU  - Popović, Dragana
AU  - Klapwijk, T.M.
T1  - Low-frequency resistance noise studies across the metal–insulator transition in silicon MOSFETs
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 612
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Strong <f>1/fγ</f> resistance noise is observed in the insulating phase in a two-dimensional electron system in high-mobility silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). The noise power increases with decreasing temperature. This suggests the formation of the electron glass at low carrier densities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - Metal-insulator transition
KW  - Resistance noise
N1  - Accession Number: 7780016; Jaroszyński, J. 1; Email Address: jaroszy@magnet.fsu.edu Popović, Dragana 1 Klapwijk, T.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800E Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Applied Physics, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1-4, p612; Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal-insulator transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistance noise; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, P.
AU  - Campbell, M.D.
AU  - Hawkes, R.L.
AU  - Theijsmeijer, C.
AU  - Jones, J.
T1  - <atl>Multi-station electro-optical observations of the 1999 Leonid meteor storm
JO  - Planetary & Space Science
JF  - Planetary & Space Science
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 50
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 00320633
AB  - Single- and double-station video observations of the 1999 Leonid shower made from Israel are presented. A total of 232 double-station Leonids had trajectories computed. Additionally, some 2500 single-station Leonids were used to measure the Leonid storm flux and mass distribution in the interval from 0.5–<f>3 UT</f> 18 November 1999. The height distribution for storm Leonids of average mass <f>∼10−6</f>–<f>10−7 kg</f> indicates that the ablation zone is approximately Gaussian-shaped with best-fit mean begin, maximum brightness and end heights of <f>123.3±0.7, 107.3±0.42</f> and <f>95.0±0.56 km</f> respectively. The peak flux at the time of the storm was found to be <f>0.81±0.06 meteoroids km−2 hr−1 Mv<+6.5.</f> using <f>15 min</f> binning and <f>0.99±0.11 meteoroids km−2 hr−1 Mv<+6.5</f> for <f>3 min</f> intervals. The smaller temporal resolution reveals a broad plateau in flux lasting from approximately <f>λ0=235.276</f>–<f>235.285°</f> (J2000.0). At least one significant feature in the rate curve is apparent near <f>235.272°</f>, which we suggest is associated with material released in 1932. The video mass distribution index over the course of the Leonid storm was found to be constant near <f>s=1.75</f>. The peak time of the storm estimated from <f>15 min</f> sampling of the flux profile is near <f>235.283±0.005°</f> (<f>1h58m±7m</f>) while <f>3 min</f> resolution data place the maximum at <f>235.281±0.003°</f> (<f>1h55m±4m</f>). The mean radiant position at the time of the storm was found to be <f>α=153.1±0.1°</f> and <f>δ=21.5±0.2°</f> (J2000), with some hint of a more compact radiant grouping within the range <f>α=153</f>–<f>154°</f> and <f>δ=21</f>–<f>22°</f>. We do not find evidence for any significant high altitude Leonid population at video masses despite biasing one camera pair to an intersection altitude of <f>160 km</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Planetary & Space Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meteors
KW  - Electrooptics
KW  - Electro-optical observations (Meteor storm</kwd>)
KW  - Leonids
KW  - Meteor shower
N1  - Accession Number: 7752421; Brown, P. 1,2; Email Address: pbrown@lanl.gov; Campbell, M.D. 1; Hawkes, R.L. 3; Theijsmeijer, C. 1; Jones, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-D, MS J577, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Physics Department, Mount Allison University, 67 York Street, Sackville, N.B., Canada E4L 1E6; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: Meteors; Subject Term: Electrooptics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electro-optical observations (Meteor storm</kwd>); Author-Supplied Keyword: Leonids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meteor shower; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamada, Michael
T1  - Bayesian tolerance interval control limits for attributes<FN>This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the U.S.A. </FN>.
JO  - Quality & Reliability Engineering International
JF  - Quality & Reliability Engineering International
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
EP  - 52
SN  - 07488017
AB  - The probability content of standard control limits for attributes can vary because distribution parameters that appear in the control limits are estimated based on previous data. This paper proposes using Bayesian tolerance interval control limits which control the probability content at a specified level with a given confidence. Bayesian tolerance interval control limits are developed for np, p, c and u charts and are illustrated with four examples from the literature. Moreover, Bayesian tolerance interval control limits can be used for processes at start-up. Published in 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Quality & Reliability Engineering International is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINEERING tolerances
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - control chart
KW  - control-both-tails
KW  - probability content
KW  - start-up process
N1  - Accession Number: 13381447; Hamada, Michael 1; Email Address: hamada@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Statistical Sciences, F600, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: ENGINEERING tolerances; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: control chart; Author-Supplied Keyword: control-both-tails; Author-Supplied Keyword: probability content; Author-Supplied Keyword: start-up process; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/qre.452
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Owen, Lewis A.
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
AU  - Caffee, Marc W.
T1  - A note on the extent of glaciation throughout the Himalaya during the global Last Glacial Maximum
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
SN  - 02773791
AB  - Quantitative chronologies for the impressive glacial successions that occur throughout the Himalaya have, until recently, been almost totally lacking. Within the last decade two new techniques have promised to remedy this situation. These techniques, optically stimulated luminescence and cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure dating, enable the age of many glacial features to be determined and have allowed us to study the extent and timing of Himalayan glaciation in the late Quaternary. New data show that the local Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) occurred during the early part of the last glacial cycle, in most areas during marine isotope stage 3 (MIS-3). MIS-3 was a time of increased insolation, when the South Asian summer monsoon strengthened and penetrated further north into the Himalaya. The concomitant increased precipitation, occurring as snow at high altitudes, produced positive glacier mass balances, thereby allowing glaciers to advance. On the other hand, during the global LGM, ∼18–24 ka, Himalayan glaciation was very restricted in extent, generally extending <10 km from contemporary ice margins. Lower insolation at this time produced a weaker monsoon cycle, which in turn resulted in lower snowfall and snow accumulation at high altitudes. The modest advances that nevertheless did occur at this time are the result of reduced temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Science Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLACIAL climates
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - GLACIAL cosmogony
KW  - HIMALAYA Mountains Region -- Environmental conditions
N1  - Accession Number: 7746892; Owen, Lewis A. 1; Email Address: lewis.owen@ucr.edu Finkel, Robert C. 1,2 Caffee, Marc W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0423, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 21 Issue 1-3, p147; Subject Term: GLACIAL climates; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: GLACIAL cosmogony; Subject Term: HIMALAYA Mountains Region -- Environmental conditions; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lambeck, Kurt
AU  - Yokoyama, Yusuke
AU  - Purcell, Tony
T1  - Into and out of the Last Glacial Maximum: sea-level change during Oxygen Isotope Stages 3 and 2
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
SN  - 02773791
AB  - Sea-level data from seven different regions have been used to estimate the global change in ocean and ice volumes for the time interval leading into and out of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The estimates are earth-model dependent and parameters are chosen that minimize discrepancies between the individual estimates for each region. Good coherence between estimates from different localities has been found. The main conclusions are: (i) Ice volumes approached their maximum values 30 000 (calendar) years ago and remained nearly constant until 19 000 years ago. This defines the period of maximum global glaciation. (ii) The post-LGM sea-level rise is marked by changes in rates with maximum rates of about 15 mm/year occurring from 16,000 to 12,500 years ago and again from 11,500 to 9000 years ago. Ice volumes in the interval between these two periods of rapid rise, corresponding to the Younger Dryas, is nearly constant. (iii) The melting at the end of the LGM is characterized by an initially high rate over about 500 years followed by about 2500 years of a comparatively slow increase in ocean volume. (iv) The lead into the LGM is characterized by a sea-level fall of about 50 m occurring within a few thousand years. Similar rates of falling and rising sea levels occur during the earlier part of the oxygen isotope stage 3 interval. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Science Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OCEANOGRAPHY
KW  - ICE sheets
KW  - GLACIAL climates
KW  - ABSOLUTE sea level change
N1  - Accession Number: 7746918; Lambeck, Kurt 1; Email Address: kurt.lambeck@anu.edu.au Yokoyama, Yusuke 2,3 Purcell, Tony 1; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia  2: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 21 Issue 1-3, p343; Subject Term: OCEANOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ICE sheets; Subject Term: GLACIAL climates; Subject Term: ABSOLUTE sea level change; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Lambeck, Kurt
AU  - Yokoyama, Yusuke
AU  - Purcell, Anthony
AU  - Johnston, Paul
T1  - Reply to the comment by W.R. Peltier
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 415
SN  - 02773791
N1  - Accession Number: 7746926; Lambeck, Kurt 1; Email Address: kurt.lambeck@anu.edu.au Yokoyama, Yusuke 2,3 Purcell, Anthony 1 Johnston, Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia  2: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, CA 94720-7450, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-202, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 21 Issue 1-3, p415; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vengosh, Avner
AU  - Gill, Jim
AU  - Lee Davisson, M.
AU  - Bryant Hudson, G.
T1  - A multi-isotope (B, Sr, O, H, and C) and age dating (3H-3He and 14C) study of groundwater from Salinas Valley, California: Hydrochemistry, dynamics, and contamination processes.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9-1
EP  - 9-17
SN  - 00431397
AB  - The chemical and isotope (11B/10B, 87Sr/86Sr, 18O/16O, 2H/H, 13C/12C, 14C, and 3He/3H) compositions of groundwater from the upper aquifer system of the Salinas Valley in coastal central California were investigated in order to delineate the origin and processes of groundwater contamination in this complex system. The Salinas Valley has a relatively deep, confined '400-foot' aquifer, overlain by a '180-foot' aquifer and a shallower perched aquifer, all made up of alluvial sand, gravel and clay deposits. Groundwater from the aquifers have different 14C ages: fossil (14C = 21.3 percent modern carbon (pmc) for the 400-foot aquifer and modern (14C = 72.2-98.2 pmc) for the 180-foot aquifer. Fresh groundwater in all aquifers is recharged naturally and artificially through the Salinas River. The two modes of recharge can be distinguished chemically. We identified several different saline components with distinguishable chemical and isotopic fingerprints. (1) Saltwater intrusion in the northern basin has C1 concentrations up to 1700 mg/L, a Na/Cl ratio less than seawater, a marine Br/Cl ratio, a Ca/Cl ratio greater than seawater, δ11B between +17 and +38‰ and 87Sr/86Sr between 0.7088 and 0.7096. Excess dissolved Ca, relative to the expected concentration for simple dilution of seawater, correlates with 87Sr/86Sr ratios, suggesting base exchange reaction with clay materials. (2) Agriculture return flow is high in NO3 and SO4, with a 87Sr/86Sr = 0.7082,δ11B =19‰and δ13C between −23 and −17‰. The 3H-3He ages (5-17 years) and 14C data suggest vertical infiltration rates of irrigation water of 3-10 m/yr. (3) Nonmarine saline water in the southern part of the valley has high total dissolved solids up to 3800 mg/L, high SO4, Na/Cl ratio >1, δ11B between +24 and +30‰, and 87Sr/86Sr = 0.70852. This groundwater may have acquired its geochemical signature from leaching of sedimentary rocks associated with the Coast Range marine deposits of Mesozoic to early Cenozoic age. The combination of different geochemical and isotopic fingerprints enables us to delineate the impact of salt sources in different areas of the valley and to reconstruct the origin of the SO4-enriched NO3-depleted saline plume that is located west of the city of Salinas. We suggest that the latter is derived from a mixture of different natural saline waters rather than from anthropogenic contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - coastal aquifer
KW  - geochemistry
KW  - isotope hydrology
KW  - salinization
N1  - Accession Number: 87143593; Vengosh, Avner 1; Gill, Jim 2; Lee Davisson, M. 3; Bryant Hudson, G. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev; 2: Earth Sciences Department, University of California; 3: Health and Ecological Assessment Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 4: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p9-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: coastal aquifer; Author-Supplied Keyword: geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: isotope hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: salinization; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000517
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rea, A. W.
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Scherbatskoy, T.
AU  - Keeler, G. J.
T1  - Mercury Accumulation in Foliage over Time in Two Northern Mixed-Hardwood Forests.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 133
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 67
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - Concentrations of mercury (Hg) in live foliage increased ten-fold from spring bud break (mean ± std. dev. from both sites: 3.5±1.3 ng g-1) to autumn litterfall (36±8 ng g-1). Mercury in foliage did not behave similarly to eight other elements with known soil or aerosol sources (Aluminum (Al), Vanadium (V), Strontium (Sr), Rubidium (Rb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Barium (Ba), and lead (Pb)), suggesting that Hg originated from a distinct pathway. Based on measured and modeled data, uptake of only 25% of the available ambient dry deposited Hg0 could explain all of the Hg measured in foliage throughout the growing season. Estimates of gaseous elemental Hg (Hg0) uptake from soil water accounted for 3–14%% of the Hg in litterfall. Mercury deposition to forested sites in the Lake Champlain and Lake Huron basins was highest in litterfall (40%), followed by total throughfall (33%), and precipitation (27%). The Hg flux in litterfall was 15.8±1.9~μg m-2 yr-1 to the Lake Champlain Watershed in 1995 and was 11.4±2.8~μg m-2 yr-1 to the Lake Huron Watershed in 1996. In comparison, the Hg fluxes in precipitation and total throughfall were 9.0±0.6 and 11.6±0.7~μg m-2 yr-1 in the Lake Champlain Watershed (1995), and 8.7±0.5 and 10.5±1.0~μg m-2 yr-1 in the Lake Huron Watershed (1996). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Buds
KW  - Soils
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - dry deposition
KW  - foliage
KW  - gaseous Hg
KW  - gaseous HgO
KW  - Lake Champlain Watershed
KW  - Lake Huron Watershed
KW  - litterfall
KW  - mercury
KW  - soil water
KW  - trace elements
N1  - Accession Number: 16603657; Rea, A. W. 1; Email Address: Rea.Anne@epa.gov; Lindberg, S. E. 2; Scherbatskoy, T. 3; Keeler, G. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: University of Michigan Air Quality Laboratory, Ann Arbor MI 48109, U.S.A.; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.; 3: School of Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 133 Issue 1-4, p49; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Buds; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Subject Term: Chemicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: dry deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: foliage; Author-Supplied Keyword: gaseous Hg; Author-Supplied Keyword: gaseous HgO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lake Champlain Watershed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lake Huron Watershed; Author-Supplied Keyword: litterfall; Author-Supplied Keyword: mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil water; Author-Supplied Keyword: trace elements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Hong
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
T1  - Trends in Dissolved Gaseous Mercury in the Tahquamenon River Watershed and Nearshore Waters of Whitefish Bay in the Michigan Upper Peninsula.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2002/01//
VL  - 133
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 391
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - A field study was conducted in June of 1998 to characterize the dynamics of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in the Tahquamenon River watershed and nearshore waters of Whitefish Bay in the Upper Michigan Peninsula. We found that over a transect across the watershed, DGM levels increased generally from a creek (mean = ∼12 pg L-1), passing through the watershed, to the nearshore surface waters of the bay (mean = ∼29 pg L-1). DGM levels in nearshore surface waters of the bay ranged from ∼15 to ∼50 pg L-1 and peaked generally around noontime, exhibiting diurnal trends. A significant DGM decline from ∼32 pg L-1 in the early morning to ∼15 pg L-1 during the day was observed in these surface waters following passage of a cold front, probably caused by wind-induced mixing and decrease in solar radiation associated with the frontal passage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Bays
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Tahquamenon River (Mich.)
KW  - Michigan
KW  - air/water exchange
KW  - aquatic ecosystem
KW  - biogeochemical cycling
KW  - heavy metal
KW  - wetlands
N1  - Accession Number: 16603635; Zhang, Hong 1,2; Email Address: 2hz@ornl.gov; Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division (ESD), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, U.S.A.; 2: Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0117, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jan2002, Vol. 133 Issue 1-4, p381; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Subject Term: Bays; Subject Term: Solar radiation; Subject: Tahquamenon River (Mich.); Subject: Michigan; Author-Supplied Keyword: air/water exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: aquatic ecosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogeochemical cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetlands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martonen, Ted B.
AU  - Schroeter, Jeffry D.
AU  - Zhang, Zongqin
AU  - Guilmette, Ray
T1  - Deposition of Inhaled Particulate Matter in the Human Upper Respiratory Tract.
JO  - Annals of Occupational Hygiene
JF  - Annals of Occupational Hygiene
Y1  - 2002/01/02/
VL  - 46
IS  - suppl_1
M3  - Article
SP  - 314
EP  - 314
SN  - 00034878
AB  - We have developed a physiologically realistic three-dimensional computer model of the human upper respiratory tract. Simulations of flow patterns and particle trajectories were performed using commercially available computational fluid dynamics software. The modeling results will provide a basis for the risk assessment of inhaled particulate matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Occupational Hygiene is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Respiratory infections
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics
KW  - Space fluid dynamics
KW  - Respiratory diseases
KW  - deposition model
KW  - inhaled PM
KW  - particulate matter (PM)
N1  - Accession Number: 80115477; Martonen, Ted B. 1; Schroeter, Jeffry D. 2; Zhang, Zongqin 3; Guilmette, Ray 4; Affiliations: 1: National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711; 2: Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599; 3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rhode Island Kingston, RI 02881; 4: Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 46 Issue suppl_1, p314; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Subject Term: Respiratory infections; Subject Term: Computational fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Space fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Respiratory diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: deposition model; Author-Supplied Keyword: inhaled PM; Author-Supplied Keyword: particulate matter (PM); Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coyle, Joseph E.
AU  - Qamar, Seema
AU  - Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.
AU  - Nikolov, Dimitar B.
T1  - Structure of GABARAP in Two Conformations: Implications for GABAA Receptor Localization and Tubulin Binding
JO  - Neuron
JF  - Neuron
Y1  - 2002/01/03/
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 08966273
AB  - GABARAP recognizes and binds the γ2 subunit of the GABAA receptor, interacts with microtubules and the N-ethyl maleimide sensitive factor, and is proposed to function in GABAA receptor trafficking and postsynaptic localization. We have determined the crystal structure of human GABARAP at 1.6 A˚ resolution. The structure comprises an N-terminal helical subdomain and a ubiquitin-like C-terminal domain. Structure-based mutational analysis demonstrates that the N-terminal subdomain is responsible for tubulin binding while the C-terminal domain contains the binding site for the GABAA. A second GABARAP crystal form was determined at 1.9 A˚ resolution and documents that GABARAP can self-associate in a head-to-tail manner. The structural details of this oligomerization reveal how GABARAP can both promote tubulin polymerization and facilitate GABAA receptor clustering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GABA receptors
KW  - MICROTUBULES
N1  - Accession Number: 7739203; Coyle, Joseph E. 1 Qamar, Seema 1 Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R. 2 Nikolov, Dimitar B. 1; Email Address: dimitar@ximpact3.ski.mskcc.org; Affiliation:  1: Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, NY 11973 USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: GABA receptors; Subject Term: MICROTUBULES; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mukai, Toshiji
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Kawamura, Yoshihito
AU  - Inoue, Akihisa
AU  - Higashi, Kenji
T1  - Dynamic response of a Pd<f>40</f>Ni<f>40</f>P<f>20</f> bulk metallic glass in tension
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/01/04/
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Tensile behavior of a bulk metallic glass Pd<f>40</f>Ni<f>40</f>P<f>20</f> was characterized under both quasi-static and dynamic strain rate conditions. No major difference was observed. Multiple shear bands formed in samples tested at the dynamic strain rate. However, shear band interaction appears to have an insignificant effect on the plasticity of the alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - Bulk metallic glass
KW  - Dynamic tensile loading
KW  - Shear bands
KW  - Strain rate
N1  - Accession Number: 9097220; Mukai, Toshiji 1; Email Address: toshiji@pp.iij4u.or.jp Nieh, T.G. 2 Kawamura, Yoshihito 3 Inoue, Akihisa 4 Higashi, Kenji 5; Affiliation:  1: Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, 1-6-50 Morinomiya Joto-ku, Osaka 536-8553, Japan  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-350, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan  4: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  5: Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulk metallic glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic tensile loading; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear bands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain rate; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Namilae, S.
AU  - Chandra, N.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Atomistic simulation of grain boundary sliding in pure and magnesium doped aluminum bicrystals
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/01/04/
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Molecular dynamics and statics simulations are used to study grain boundary sliding and energy in bicrystals with symmetric tilt grain boundaries of Al and Mg doped Al. There is an increase in grain boundary energy in Al bicrystals with the presence of Mg depending on the position of Mg atom. Simulations of sliding show a clear dependence of magnitude of sliding on grain boundary energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Grain boundaries
N1  - Accession Number: 9097221; Namilae, S. 1 Chandra, N. 1; Email Address: chandra@eng.fsu.edu Nieh, T.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L 350, P.O. Box, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prime, Michael B.
AU  - Hill, Michael R.
T1  - Residual stress, stress relief, and inhomogeneity in aluminum plate
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/01/04/
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Through-thickness residual-stress profiles in rolled 7050-T74 aluminum plate were measured before and after stress relief by stretching (-Tx51). Measurement required adapting the crack-compliance method to measure both in-plane stress components. Unexpected features in the profiles could be explained by through-thickness yield strength variations caused by crystallographic texture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM plates
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - Aluminum alloy
KW  - Cold working
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Plastic anisotropy
KW  - Structural behavior
N1  - Accession Number: 9097226; Prime, Michael B. 1; Email Address: prime@lanl.gov Hill, Michael R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS P946, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: ALUMINUM plates; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cold working; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural behavior; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mao, Shude
AU  - Smith, Martin C.
AU  - Wozniak, P.
AU  - Udalski, A.
AU  - Szymanski, M.
AU  - Kubiak, M.
AU  - Pietrzynski, G.
AU  - Soszynski, I.
AU  - Żebrun, K.
T1  - Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment OGLE-1999-BUL-32: the longest ever microlensing event – evidence for a stellar mass black hole?
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2002/01/11/
VL  - 329
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 354
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We describe the discovery of the longest microlensing event ever observed, OGLE-1999-BUL-32, also independently identified by the MACHO collaboration as MACHO-99-BLG-22. This unique event has an Einstein radius crossing time of 640 d. The high-quality data obtained with difference image analysis shows a small but significant parallax signature. This parallax effect allows one to determine the Einstein radius projected on to the observer plane as . The transverse velocity projected on to the observer plane is about 79 km s[sup -1]. We argue that the lens is likely to have a mass of at least a few solar masses, i.e. it could be a stellar black hole. The black hole hypothesis can be tested using the astrometric microlensing signature with the soon-to-be installed Advanced Camera for Surveys on board the Hubble Space Telescope. Deep X-ray and radio images may also be useful for revealing the nature of the object. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAVITATIONAL lenses
KW  - STELLAR masses
KW  - STELLAR black holes
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL observations
KW  - black hole physics
KW  - Galaxy: bulge
KW  - Galaxy: centre
KW  - gravitational lensing
N1  - Accession Number: 5892151; Mao, Shude Smith, Martin C. 1 Wozniak, P. 2 Udalski, A. 3 Szymanski, M. 3 Kubiak, M. 3 Pietrzynski, G. Soszynski, I. 3 Żebrun, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: 1University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL  2: 3Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: 4Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland; Source Info: 1/11/2002, Vol. 329 Issue 2, p349; Subject Term: GRAVITATIONAL lenses; Subject Term: STELLAR masses; Subject Term: STELLAR black holes; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: black hole physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: bulge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: centre; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravitational lensing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.04986.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, Qing
AU  - Walters, Dean R.
AU  - Rosenberg, Richard A.
T1  - Electron-induced surface chemistry on TiN in ultrahigh vacuum
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/01/15/
VL  - 185
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 01694332
AB  - The property of a TiN/vacuum interface in ultrahigh vacuum (<<F>3×10−9 Torr</F>) and under electron beam irradiation was studied using Auger electron spectroscopy. Electron-beam energies ranged from 1 to 9 keV. Without electron irradiation, about 1 monolayer (ML) of oxygen adsorbs on the TiN surface and metal oxidation occurs. The characteristic of oxygen adsorption is discussed in terms of the relationship of gas-sticking probability with coverage within the first ML regime. Under electron irradiation, carbon accumulates on the surface, in addition to oxygen adsorption, which modifies the surface chemistry to an extent that depends on the vacuum conditions, electron current density, and electron beam energy. For high-energy electron beams, electron bombardment induces TiC formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-stimulated desorption
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - ULTRAHIGH vacuum
KW  - Auger
KW  - Carbide formation
KW  - Carbon deposition
KW  - Electron-induced surface chemistry
KW  - Secondary electron yield
KW  - Ultrahigh vacuum
N1  - Accession Number: 7744917; Ma, Qing 1; Email Address: qingma@aps.anl.gov Walters, Dean R. 1 Rosenberg, Richard A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 185 Issue 3/4, p217; Subject Term: ELECTRON-stimulated desorption; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: ULTRAHIGH vacuum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Auger; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbide formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron-induced surface chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary electron yield; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrahigh vacuum; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Smith, Steven C.
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - McKinley, James P.
AU  - Serne, R. Jeffrey
AU  - Gassman, Paul L.
T1  - Sorption of Cs+ to micaceous subsurface sediments from the Hanford site, USA
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/01/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The sorption of Cs+ was investigated over a large concentration range (10−9−10−2 mol/L) on subsurface sediments from a United States nuclear materials site (Hanford) where high-level nuclear wastes (HLW) have been accidentally released to the vadose zone. The sediment sorbs large amounts of radiocesium, but expedited migration has been observed when HLW (a NaNO3 brine) is the carrier. Cs+ sorption was measured on homoionic sediments (Na+, K+, Ca2+) with electrolyte concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 mol/L. In Na+ electrolyte, concentrations were extended to near saturation with NaNO3(s) (7.0 mol/L). The sediment contained nonexpansible (biotite, muscovite) and expansible (vermiculite, smectite) phyllosilicates. The sorption data were interpreted according to the frayed edge-planar site conceptual model. A four-parameter, two-site (high- and low-affinity) numeric ion exchange model was effective in describing the sorption data. The high-affinity sites were ascribed to wedge zones on the micas where particle edges have partially expanded due to the removal of interlayer cations during weathering, and the low-affinity ones to planar sites on the expansible clays. The electrolyte cations competed with Cs+ for both high- and low-affinity sites according to the trend K+ >> Na+ ≥ Ca2+. At high salt concentration, Cs+ adsorption occurred only on high-affinity sites. Na+ was an effective competitor for the high-affinity sites at high salt concentrations. In select experiments, silver-thiourea (AgTU) was used as a blocking agent to further isolate and characterize the high-affinity sites, but the method was found to be problematic. Mica particles were handpicked from the sediment, contacted with Cs+(aq), and analyzed by electron microprobe to identify phases and features important to Cs+ sorption. The microprobe study implied that biotite was the primary contributor of high-affinity sites because of its weathered periphery. The poly-phase sediment exhibited close similarity in ion selectivity to illite, which has been well studied, although its proportion of high-affinity sites relative to the cation exchange capacity (CEC) was lower than that of illite. Important insights are provided on how Na+ in HLW and indigenous K+ displaced from the sediments may act to expedite the migration of strongly sorbing Cs+ in subsurface environments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
N1  - Accession Number: 7739296; Zachara, John M. 1; Email Address: john.zachara@pnl.gov Smith, Steven C. 1 Liu, Chongxuan 1 McKinley, James P. 1 Serne, R. Jeffrey 1 Gassman, Paul L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-96, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 66 Issue 2, p193; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reedy Jr., E.D.
AU  - Guess, T.R.
T1  - Nucleation and propagation of an edge crack in a uniformly cooled epoxy/glass bimaterial
JO  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
JF  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
Y1  - 2002/01/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 00207683
AB  - An epoxy/glass bimaterial beam test configuration has been used to study cooling-induced crack nucleation and propagation. This effort extends a nucleation criterion, previously applied to tensile-loaded, adhesively bonded butt joints, to another geometry and type of loading. Loading by thermally induced straining complicates the application of a nucleation criterion based upon parameters defining the asymptotic stress fields at the interface edge (i.e. at the edge discontinuity defined by the intersection of the interface and stress-free boundary). In contrast to the tensile-loaded butt joint, where the magnitude of asymptotic stress state is fully characterized by a single interface-edge stress intensity factor <f>Ka</f>, an additional, non-negligible <f>r</f>-independent regular term <f>Ka0</f> always exists for thermally induced strains. In the present work, a direct extension of the previously used nucleation criterion is applied: crack nucleation occurs when <f>Ka=Kac</f>, but with the stipulation that interface-edge toughness <f>Kac</f> depends on <f>Ka0</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC symmetry (Physics)
KW  - Corner
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Edge
KW  - Epoxy
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Glass
KW  - Interface
KW  - Stress intensity factor
KW  - Stress singularity
N1  - Accession Number: 7864043; Reedy Jr., E.D.; Email Address: edreedy@sandia.gov Guess, T.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS-0893, Department 9123, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0893, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p325; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC symmetry (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Corner; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Edge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress intensity factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress singularity; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friedel, R.H.W.
AU  - Reeves, G.D.
AU  - Obara, T.
T1  - Relativistic electron dynamics in the inner magnetosphere — a review
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Y1  - 2002/01/15/
VL  - 64
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
SN  - 13646826
AB  - The dynamics of relativistic electrons in the inner magnetosphere around the time of geomagnetic disturbances have received considerable attention in recent years. In addition to the environmental impact these electrons have on space-hardware in MEO and GEO orbits, and their obvious impact on space weather, the scientific issues surrounding the transport, acceleration and loss of these particles in the inner magnetosphere have not been fully resolved. One of the prime difficulties in understanding the dynamics of relativistic electrons is their somewhat uncorrelated behavior with regard to the major solar wind drivers of the Earth''s magnetospheric dynamics (solar wind velocity, density and magnetic field strength/direction) and the major indices representing these dynamics (Dst, Ae, Kp). Relativistic electrons observed at geosynchronous altitude reach their peak several days after the onset of a magnetic storm, and a wide range of responses can occur for seemingly similar geomagnetic disturbances/storms. We give here a review and comparison of the current state of research into relativistic electron dynamics, covering simple diffusion, substorm acceleration, ULF wave acceleration, recirculation by ULF waves or plasmaspheric hiss. We present the results of a recent statistical study which has identified the presence of sufficient ULF wave power for a duration of at least <f>12 h</f> during a storm as being the most geoeffective indicator of subsequent relativistic electron enhancements at geosynchronous altitudes. For completeness we also briefly examine some of the problems and ideas related to relativistic electron losses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERE
KW  - Inner magnetosphere
KW  - Magnetospheric configuration and dynamics
KW  - Relativistic electrons
KW  - Storms and Substorms
KW  - Trapped energetic particles
N1  - Accession Number: 7745852; Friedel, R.H.W. 1; Email Address: friedel@lanl.gov Reeves, G.D. 1; Email Address: reeves@lanl.gov Obara, T. 2; Email Address: t.obara@crl.go.jp; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Mail Stop D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Communications Research Laboratory, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 64 Issue 2, p265; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inner magnetosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetospheric configuration and dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storms and Substorms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trapped energetic particles; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, J.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - A comparative study on the substitution of divalent, trivalent and tetravalent metal ions in <F>LiNi1−xMxO2</F> (M = Cu2+, Al3+ and Ti4+)
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/01/15/
VL  - 104
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Stabilized lithium nickelate is receiving increased attention as a low-cost alternative to the LiCoO2 cathode now used in lithium batteries. Layered <F>LiNi1−xMxO2</F> samples (<F>M=</F> Cu2+, Al3+ and Ti4+, where <F>0.025≤x≤0.2</F>) were prepared by solid state reaction at 750 °C under an oxygen stream and subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis and coin-cell tests. The Cu2+-substituted samples showed poor structural stability and electrochemical performance, while the Al3+- and Ti4+-substituted samples formed highly ordered and phase-pure layered compounds. Of the three compounds tested, the LiNi1−xTixO2 electrodes exhibited the highest capacity and best electrochemical reversibility. Indeed, the LiNi0.975Ti0.025O2 electrode achieved the highest reversible capacity and energy density (900 Wh/kg) of all known layered LiNiO2 or LiCoO2 electrodes. Indications are that the structural integrity of the LiNi1−xTixO2 materials was preserved because the Ti4+ ions prevented impurity Ni2+ migration into the lithium sites. The substitution of tetravalent titanium into lithium nickelate has proved to yield promising cathode materials and further studies are needed to optimize electrode composition and processing conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Electrochemistry
KW  - Lithium battery
KW  - Lithium nickelate
N1  - Accession Number: 7739699; Kim, J. 1; Email Address: kimj@cmt.anl.gov Amine, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 104 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium nickelate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorbarenko, S.A.
AU  - Khusid, T.A.
AU  - Basov, I.A.
AU  - Oba, T.
AU  - Southon, J.R.
AU  - Koizumi, I.
T1  - Glacial Holocene environment of the southeastern Okhotsk Sea: evidence from geochemical and palaeontological data
JO  - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
JF  - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
Y1  - 2002/01/15/
VL  - 177
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
SN  - 00310182
AB  - Environmental conditions and productivity changes in the southeastern Okhotsk Sea have been reconstructed for the last 20 ka using planktonic and benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope records and calcium carbonate, organic carbon and opal content data from two sediment cores. Species variability in benthic foraminiferal and diatom assemblages provides additional palaeoceanographic evidence. AMS radiocarbon dating of the sediments and oxygen isotope stratigraphy serve as the basis for the age models of the cores for the last 20 14C kyr and for correlation between environmental variations in the Okhotsk Sea, and regional and global climate changes. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the two cores (depth 1590 and 1175 m) varied with time, so that we could recognise seven zones with different species composition. Changes in the benthic foraminiferal assemblages parallel major environmental and productivity variations. During the last glaciation, fluxes of organic matter to the sea floor showed strong seasonal variations, indicated by the presence of abundant A. weddellensis and infaunal Uvigerina spp. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages changed with warming at 12.5–11 and 10–8 14C kyr BP, when productivity blooms and high organic fluxes were coeval with global meltwater pulses 1A and 1B. Younger Dryas cooling caused a decline in productivity (11–10 kyr BP) affecting the benthic faunal community. Subsequent warming triggered intensive diatom production, opal accumulation and a strong oxygen deficiency, causing significant changes in benthic fauna assemblages from 5.26–4.4 kyr BP to present time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PALEONTOLOGY
KW  - FORAMINIFERA
KW  - benthic foraminifera
KW  - Okhotsk Sea
KW  - palaeoenvironment
KW  - palaeoproductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7747512; Gorbarenko, S.A. 1; Email Address: pacific@online.marine.su Khusid, T.A. 2 Basov, I.A. 3 Oba, T. 4 Southon, J.R. 5 Koizumi, I. 6; Affiliation:  1: V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 43 Baltiyskaya Str., Vladivostok 690041, Russia  2: P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117218, Russia  3: Institute of Lithosphere, Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 Staromonetny Str, Moscow 109180, Russia  4: Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan  5: Center for AMS, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  6: Division of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 177 Issue 3/4, p237; Subject Term: PALEONTOLOGY; Subject Term: FORAMINIFERA; Author-Supplied Keyword: benthic foraminifera; Author-Supplied Keyword: Okhotsk Sea; Author-Supplied Keyword: palaeoenvironment; Author-Supplied Keyword: palaeoproductivity; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Francoeur, S.
AU  - Norman, A.G.
AU  - Hanna, M.C.
AU  - Mascarenhas, A.
AU  - Reno, J.L.
AU  - Follstaedt, D.M.
AU  - Lee, S.R.
T1  - Optical properties of self-assembled lateral superlattices in AlInAs epitaxial layers and AlAs/InAs short-period superlattices
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/01/16/
VL  - 88
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
SN  - 09215107
AB  - Characterization of self-assembled lateral superlattices in AlInAs epitaxial layers and AlAs/InAs short-period superlattices is presented. These structures are spontaneously generated during the epitaxial growth by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxy. Transmission electron microscopy reveals the structural details and electro-modulated reflectance is used to characterize the energy and anisotropy of the optical transitions in the lateral superlattices. We demonstrate several properties of these self-assembled structures: (a) the band gap energy can be changed by as much as 350 meV, (b) the polarization anisotropy of the lowest energy transition exceeds 90%, (c) the superlattice axis and the direction of the optical anisotropy can be oriented along two non-equivalent directions in the plane of the substrate, and (d) the valence band splitting between heavy- and light-hole transitions is significant. We discuss the difference between the samples from the two growth techniques. Finally, we theoretically model the electronic states in these lateral superlattices and we demonstrate that the difference in average InAs composition between the well and barrier can be as high as 35%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - AlAs/InAs short-period layers
KW  - AlInAs epitaxial layers
KW  - Optical polarization anisotropy
KW  - Superlattices
N1  - Accession Number: 7741870; Francoeur, S. 1; Email Address: sebastian_francoeur@nrel.gov Norman, A.G. 1 Hanna, M.C. 1 Mascarenhas, A. 1 Reno, J.L. 2 Follstaedt, D.M. 2 Lee, S.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, MS 3216, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 88 Issue 2/3, p118; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: AlAs/InAs short-period layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: AlInAs epitaxial layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical polarization anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superlattices; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kammer, Daniel C.
AU  - Alvin, Kenneth F.
AU  - Malkus, David S.
T1  - Combining metamodels with rational function representations of discretization error for uncertainty quantification
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2002/01/18/
VL  - 191
IS  - 13/14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1367
SN  - 00457825
AB  - Techniques for producing metamodels for the efficient Monte Carlo simulation of high consequence systems are presented. The bias of f.e.m mesh discretization errors is eliminated or minimized by extrapolation, using rational functions, rather than the power series representation of Richardson extrapolation. Examples, including estimation of the vibrational frequency of a one-dimensional bar, show that the rational function model gives more accurate estimates using fewer terms than Richardson extrapolation, an important consideration for computational reliability assessment of high-consequence systems, where small biases in solutions can significantly affect the accuracy of small-magnitude probability estimates. Rational function representation of discretization error enable the user to accurately extrapolate to the continuum from numerical experiments performed outside the asymptotic region of the usual power series, allowing use of coarser meshes in the numerical experiments, resulting in significant savings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Decoupled Monte Carlo
KW  - Extrapolation to h=0
KW  - Finite element
KW  - High-consequence systems
N1  - Accession Number: 7739850; Kammer, Daniel C. 1 Alvin, Kenneth F. 2 Malkus, David S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin, 539 Eng. Res. Bldg., 1500 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Structural Dynamics and Vibration Control, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM87185-0847, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 191 Issue 13/14, p1367; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decoupled Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extrapolation to h=0; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-consequence systems; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adib, K.
AU  - Camillone III, N.
AU  - Fitts, J.P.
AU  - Rim, K.T.
AU  - Flynn, G.W.
AU  - Joyce, S.A.
AU  - Osgood Jr., R.M.
T1  - CCl<f>4</f> chemistry on the magnetite selvedge of single-crystal hematite: competitive surface reactions
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/01/20/
VL  - 497
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Temperature programmed reaction/desorption (TPR/D) studies were undertaken to characterize the surface chemistry which occurs between CCl<f>4</f> and the Fe<f>3</f>O<f>4</f> (1 1 1) selvedge of single crystal <f>α</f>-Fe<f>2</f>O<f>3</f> (0 0 0 1). Six separate desorption events are clearly observed and four desorbing species are identified: CCl<f>4</f>, OCCl<f>2</f>, C<f>2</f>Cl<f>4</f> and FeCl<f>2</f>. It is proposed that OCCl<f>2</f>, CCl<f>4</f> and C<f>2</f>Cl<f>4</f> are produced in reactions involving the same precursor, CCl<f>2</f>. Three reaction paths compete for the CCl<f>2</f> precursor: oxygen atom abstraction (for OCCl<f>2</f>), molecular recombinative desorption (for CCl<f>4</f>) and associative desorption (for C<f>2</f>Cl<f>4</f>). During the TPR/D temperature ramp, the branching ratio is observed to depend upon temperature and the availability of reactive sites. The data are consistent with a rich site-dependent chemistry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - THERMAL desorption
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - Molecule–solid reactions
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
KW  - Thermal desorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7745053; Adib, K. 1 Camillone III, N. 2 Fitts, J.P. 2 Rim, K.T. 2 Flynn, G.W. 2 Joyce, S.A. 3 Osgood Jr., R.M. 2; Email Address: osgood@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Program, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 497 Issue 1-3, p127; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: THERMAL desorption; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecule–solid reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GARDNER, SHEA N.
T1  - Modeling Multi-drug Chemotherapy: Tailoring Treatment to Individuals
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2002/01/21/
VL  - 214
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
SN  - 00225193
AB  - Background: Predicting and tailoring optimal cancer treatments presents a major challenge.Methods: A computational model (kinetically tailored treatment, or KITT model) is developed to predict drug combinations, doses, and schedules likely to be effective in reducing tumor size and prolonging patient life. Treatment strategies may be tailored to individuals based on tumor cell kinetics. The model incorporates intra-tumor heterogeneity and evolution of drug resistance, apoptotic rates, and cell division rates. Tumor growth may follow an exponential or a Gompertzian trajectory. Drug pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic models are used. Toxicity is modeled in several ways.Results: A key prediction of KITT is that including cytostatic drugs like tamoxifen and herceptin during treatment with cytotoxic drugs substantially increases the probability of cure and prolongs patient life. Results also suggest that altering drug scheduling may be more effective but not more toxic than dose escalation. CAF chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil) is predicted to be more effective than CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil). KITT also suggests that tumors with a high proliferative index (PI) may respond better to drug combinations incorporating two cell-cycle phase-specific drugs than do tumors with a low PI. Tumors with a low PI, in contrast, are predicted to respond better to regimens involving two cell-cycle phase-non-specific drugs than do tumors with a high PI. These predictions are borne out by clinical trial results published in the literature, which are discussed.Simulated predictions of the model match well with results from a clinical trial by Silvestrini et al. (2000. Int. J. Cancer87, 405). The results of simulating the growth of 26896 tumors are used to construct a decision tree for prognosis to identify the key tumor and treatment variables.Conclusion: Additional tests of the model are needed in which physicians collect information on apoptotic and proliferative indices, cell-cycle times, and drug resistance from biopsies of each individual''s tumor. Computational models may become important tools to help optimize and tailor cancer treatments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER treatment
KW  - DRUG therapy
N1  - Accession Number: 8500323; GARDNER, SHEA N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 808, L-452, Livermore, CA, 94551-0452, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 214 Issue 2, p181; Subject Term: CANCER treatment; Subject Term: DRUG therapy; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jtbi.2001.2459
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pandey, S.U.
AU  - Bellwied, R.
AU  - Beuttenmulller, R.
AU  - Caines, H.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - DiMassimo, D.
AU  - Dyke, H.
AU  - Elliot, D.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Grau, M.
AU  - Hoffmann, G.W.
AU  - Humanic, T.
AU  - Ilyashenko, I.
AU  - Kotov, I.
AU  - Kraner, H.W.
AU  - Kuczewski, P.
AU  - Leonhardt, B.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Liaw, C.J.
AU  - LoCurto, G.
T1  - The silicon drift vertex detector for the STAR experiment at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/01/21/
VL  - 477
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The current status of the STAR Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) is presented. The performance of the Silicon Drift Detectors (SDD) is discussed. Results for a recent 15 layer SDD tracker which prototypes all components of the SVT are presented. The enhanced physics capabilities of the STAR detector due to the addition of the SVT are addressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VERTEX detectors
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Detector
KW  - Drift
KW  - Nuclear
KW  - Physics
KW  - Position
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 8663297; Pandey, S.U. 1; Email Address: sanjeev@bnl.gov Bellwied, R. 1 Beuttenmulller, R. 2 Caines, H. 3 Chen, W. 2 DiMassimo, D. 2 Dyke, H. 3 Elliot, D. 2 Eremin, V. 2,4 Grau, M. 2 Hoffmann, G.W. 5 Humanic, T. 3 Ilyashenko, I. 2,4 Kotov, I. 3,6 Kraner, H.W. 2 Kuczewski, P. 2 Leonhardt, B. 2 Li, Z. 2 Liaw, C.J. 2 LoCurto, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Wayne State University, MI, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY, USA  3: Ohio State University, OH, USA  4: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia  5: University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA  6: IHEP, RU-14284 Protvino, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 477 Issue 1-3, p88; Subject Term: VERTEX detectors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bross, A.
AU  - Flattum, E.
AU  - Lincoln, D.
AU  - Grünendahl, S.
AU  - Warchol, J.
AU  - Wayne, M.
AU  - Padley, P.
T1  - Characterization and performance of visible light photon counters (VLPCs) for the upgraded DØ detector at the Fermilab Tevatron
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/01/21/
VL  - 477
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The upgraded DØ detector at the Tevatron collider will use about 100 000 pixels of Visible Light Photon Counters (VLPCs) readout for its scintillating fiber tracker and preshower detectors. VLPCs are solid state photodetectors that are operated at the temperature of a few degrees Kelvin, capable of detecting single photons. All VLPC chips were characterized in the presence of a 20 MHz background of photoelectrons. The acceptance rate was 87%. The operating bias ranges from 5.8 to 8.0 V, the gain from 20 000 to 60 000, and the threshold from 5 to 15 fC. All 8 pixels belonging to one chip have very similar efficiencies, thresholds and gains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHOTON detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 8663315; Bross, A. 1 Flattum, E. 1 Lincoln, D. 1 Grünendahl, S. 1 Warchol, J. 2 Wayne, M. 2 Padley, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  3: Bonner Nuclear Laboratory, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 477 Issue 1-3, p172; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHOTON detectors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Casagrande, L.
AU  - Abreu, M.C.
AU  - Bell, W.H.
AU  - Berglund, P.
AU  - de Boer, W.
AU  - Borchi, E.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Bruzzi, M.
AU  - Buontempo, S.
AU  - Chapuy, S.
AU  - Cindro, V.
AU  - Collins, P.
AU  - D'Ambrosio, N.
AU  - Da Viá, C.
AU  - Devine, S.
AU  - Dezillie, B.
AU  - Dimcovski, Z.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Esposito, A.
AU  - Granata, V.
T1  - Radiation hard cryogenic silicon detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/01/21/
VL  - 477
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 01689002
AB  - It has been recently observed that heavily irradiated silicon detectors, no longer functional at room temperature, “resuscitate” when operated at temperatures below <f>130</f> K. This is often referred to as the “Lazarus effect”. The results presented here show that cryogenic operation represents a new and reliable solution to the problem of radiation tolerance of silicon detectors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - Cryogenic silicon detectors
KW  - Lazarus effect
N1  - Accession Number: 8663336; Casagrande, L. 1; Email Address: luca.casagrande@cern.ch Abreu, M.C. 1 Bell, W.H. 2 Berglund, P. 3 de Boer, W. 4 Borchi, E. 5 Borer, K. 6 Bruzzi, M. 5 Buontempo, S. 7 Chapuy, S. 8 Cindro, V. 9 Collins, P. 10 D'Ambrosio, N. 7 Da Viá, C. 11 Devine, S. 2 Dezillie, B. 12 Dimcovski, Z. 8 Eremin, V. 13 Esposito, A. 14 Granata, V. 10,11; Affiliation:  1: LIP, Lisbon, Portugal  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, UK  3: Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland  4: IEKP, University of Karlsruhe, Germany  5: Dipartimento de Emergetica, Università di Firenze, Italy  6: LHEP, University of Bern, Switzerland  7: Università Federico II di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Italy  8: Department de Radiologie, Université de Genève, Switzerland  9: JSI, Experimental Particle Physics Department, Ljubljana, Slovenia  10: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland  11: University of Brunel, Brunel, UK  12: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA  13: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia  14: Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 477 Issue 1-3, p299; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic silicon detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lazarus effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nieto, Michael Martin
T1  - Existence of bound states in continuous <f>0<D<∞</f> dimensions
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/01/21/
VL  - 293
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
SN  - 03759601
AB  - In modern fundamental theories there is consideration of higher dimensions, often in the context of what can be written as a Schro¨dinger equation. Thus, the energetics of bound states in different dimensions is of interest. By considering the quantum square well in continuous <f>D</f> dimensions, it is shown that there is always a bound state for <f>0<D&les;2</f>. This binding is complete for <f>D→0</f> and exponentially small for <f>D→2−</f>. For <f>D>2</f>, a finite-sized well is always needed for there to be a bound state. This size grows like <f>D2</f> as <f>D</f> gets large. By adding the proper angular momentum tail, a volcano, zero-energy, bound state can be obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BOUND states (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
N1  - Accession Number: 7745110; Nieto, Michael Martin 1; Email Address: mmn@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (MS-B285), Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 293 Issue 1/2, p10; Subject Term: BOUND states (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, C.H.
AU  - Schadler, L.S.
AU  - Beyerlein, I.J.
T1  - Time-dependent micromechanical behavior in graphite/epoxy composites under constant load: a combined experimental and theoretical study
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/01/22/
VL  - 50
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
SN  - 13596454
AB  - We present an integrated theoretical and experimental study on the localized creep behavior around fiber breaks in model unidirectional graphite fiber/epoxy matrix composites under constant axial stress at room temperature. Micro Raman spectroscopy (MRS) and classic composite shear-lag models were coupled to examine the time evolution of fiber and matrix strain/stress distributions around a single fiber break in planar low volume fraction graphite fiber–epoxy matrix composites. In-situ MRS micro-scale measurements show that strain redistribution around the fiber fracture is time-dependent and localized. We observe decreases in peak interfacial shear stress and concomitant increases in load recovery length and interfacial inelastic zones from the fiber fracture point. These results showing the time dependence of load transfer are related to creep tests on the monolithic matrix material at various stress levels. The translation of monolithic to in-situ matrix creep is achieved using two viscoelastic matrix composite models, a multi-fiber and a single fiber model. MRS results show that the load recovery length increases at the rate of <f>(T/Tc)α/2</f> and the maximum interfacial shear stress relaxes at the rate of <f>(T/Tc)−α/2</f>, where <f>T</f> is time, <f>Tc</f> and <f>α</f> are parameters obtained from matrix creep tests. These results are in good agreement with the multi-fiber model predictions. The single fiber model gives similar results for these samples where the fiber spacing is relatively large (<f>5∼7</f> fiber diameters). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHITE fibers
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Composites
KW  - Creep
KW  - Micro Raman spectroscopy
KW  - Micromechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 7739329; Zhou, C.H. 1; Email Address: zhouc@rpi.edu Schadler, L.S. 1; Email Address: schadl@rpi.edu Beyerlein, I.J. 2; Email Address: irene@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 50 Issue 2, p365; Subject Term: GRAPHITE fibers; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro Raman spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micromechanics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kono, Hisashi O.
AU  - Narasimhan, Sridhar
AU  - Song, Feng
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Synthesis of methane gas hydrate in porous sediments and its dissociation by depressurizing
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2002/01/22/
VL  - 122
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
SN  - 00325910
AB  - The clathrate compounds of methane gas hydrate (MGH) was synthesized in laboratory at a temperature of 273.5 K and at a pressure of 6.8–13.6 MPa, consisting of solid phase MGH dispersed within various custom-designed porous sediments. This synthesized MGH looks almost like the MGH made by Mother Nature in the strata in the natural gas hydrate (NGH) field. Using this synthesized MGH, the dissociation rate was measured by depressurizing method. From experimental results, the kinetic dissociation rate equation and order of the reaction were derived. It was found through experiments that the dissociation rate could be adjusted by the control of sediment properties. With respect to MGH formation reaction, the reaction rate equation and its reaction order were also derived. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NATURAL gas hydrates
KW  - METHANE
KW  - Control of porous sediments
KW  - Dissociation of MGH by depressurizing
KW  - Methane gas hydrate
KW  - Natural gas hydrate
KW  - Reaction engineering of MGH formation and dissociation
KW  - Synthesis of MGH in sediment
N1  - Accession Number: 7741794; Kono, Hisashi O. 1; Email Address: kono@cemr.wvu.edu Narasimhan, Sridhar 1 Song, Feng 1 Smith, Duane H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6102, Morgantown, WV 26505-6102, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US-Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 122 Issue 2/3, p239; Subject Term: NATURAL gas hydrates; Subject Term: METHANE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Control of porous sediments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissociation of MGH by depressurizing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane gas hydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural gas hydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction engineering of MGH formation and dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis of MGH in sediment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rakov, V.S.
AU  - Denisov, E.V.
AU  - Futrell, J.H.
AU  - Ridge, D.P.
T1  - Surface induced dissociation of chromium hexacarbonyl on fluorinated alkanethiolate surface in ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer: studies of energetics of the process using recursive internal energy distribution search method
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/01/23/
VL  - 213
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Energy transfer in ion-surface collisional activation is characterized for 0–30 eV collisions of chromium hexacarbonyl molecular cations with a monolayer of fluorinated alkanethiolate self-assembled onto a solid gold surface. This surface was mounted on the back trapping plate of the Infinity® cell of a Bruker BioApex 7T ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer on the B-field axis orthogonal to the ion beam direction. Internal energy deposition was deduced from fragmentation spectra using a recursive internal energy distribution search method. The efficiency of energy transfer into the ion slowly increases with incident ion energy to a maximum value of 20% at about 23 eV collision energy. Approximate kinetic energy distributions of the fragments were measured by deducing the dependence of ion abundance on trapping potential. From the kinetic energy dependence on mass we infer that rapid decomposition of the molecular cation occurs after it recoils from the surface. Knowledge of both internal and kinetic energy distributions of collisionally activated ions enabled us to deduce the energy deposited into the self-assembled monolayer as a function of collision energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - Fragment kinetic energy
KW  - Internal energy deposition
KW  - Ion cyclotron resonance
KW  - Self-assembled monolayers
KW  - Surface induced dissociation
N1  - Accession Number: 7749238; Rakov, V.S. 1 Denisov, E.V. 1 Futrell, J.H. 1; Email Address: jean.futrell@pnl.gov Ridge, D.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, William R. Wiley, Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  2: University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 213 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fragment kinetic energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal energy deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion cyclotron resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled monolayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface induced dissociation; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nielsen, Ida M.B.
AU  - Zou, Shengli L.
AU  - Bowman, Joel M.
AU  - Janssen, Curtis L.
T1  - Characterization of the sulfur fluoride radical in the ground electronic state
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/01/24/
VL  - 352
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 26
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The <f>2Π</f> ground electronic state of the sulfur fluoride radical has been characterized by high-level ab initio methods, employing the CCSD(T) method with large, augmented correlation-consistent basis sets including aug-cc-pVTZ, aug-cc-pwCVTZ, and aug-cc-pVQZ. Anharmonic vibrational wave functions have been computed, and previously unavailable transition moments and infrared intensities have been obtained along with dipole moments for the lower vibrational states. A refined theoretical prediction is made for the dipole moment <f>μe</f>, and the performance of the CCSD(T) method with the above basis sets is investigated for several other molecular constants for which experimental values are available. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SULFUR hexafluoride
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7745175; Nielsen, Ida M.B. 1; Email Address: ibniels@ca.sandia.gov Zou, Shengli L. 2 Bowman, Joel M. 2 Janssen, Curtis L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 352 Issue 1/2, p26; Subject Term: SULFUR hexafluoride; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harvey, S.D.
AU  - Vucelick, M.E.
AU  - Lee, R.N.
AU  - Wright, B.W.
T1  - Blind field test evaluation of Raman spectroscopy as a forensic tool
JO  - Forensic Science International
JF  - Forensic Science International
Y1  - 2002/01/24/
VL  - 125
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
SN  - 03790738
AB  - Analytical instrumentation for Raman spectroscopy has advanced rapidly in recent years to the point where commercial field-portable instruments are available. Raman analysis with portable instrumentation is a new capability that can provide emergency response teams with on-site evaluation of hazardous materials. Before Raman analysis is accepted and implemented in the field, realistic studies applied to unknown samples need to be performed to define the reliability of this technique. Studies described herein provide a rigorous blind field test that utilizes two instruments and two operators to analyze a matrix that consists of 58 unknown samples. Samples were searched against a custom hazardous materials reference library (Hazardous Material Response Unit (HMRU) Spectral Library Database). Experimental design included a number of intentionally difficult situations including binary solvent mixtures and a variety of compounds that yield medium-quality spectra that were not contained in the HMRU library. Results showed that over 97% of the samples were correctly identified with no occurrences of false positive identifications (compounds that were not in the library were never identified as library constituents). Statistical analysis indicated equivalent performance for both the operators and instruments. These results indicate a high level of performance that should extrapolate to actual field situations. Implementation of Raman techniques to emergency field situations should proceed with a corresponding level of confidence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Forensic Science International is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - FORENSIC sciences
KW  - Blind field test
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Emergency response
KW  - Identification of hazardous materials
KW  - Portable Raman analysis
KW  - Reliability of Raman identification
N1  - Accession Number: 7756872; Harvey, S.D. 1; Email Address: scott.harvey@pnl.gov Vucelick, M.E. 2 Lee, R.N. 1 Wright, B.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Graduate School Program, Association of Western Universities, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 125 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: FORENSIC sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blind field test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Counterterrorism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emergency response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Identification of hazardous materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Portable Raman analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reliability of Raman identification; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ireton, Gregory C.
AU  - McDermott, Gerry
AU  - Black, Margaret E.
AU  - Stoddard, Barry L.
T1  - The Structure of Escherichia coli Cytosine Deaminase
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/01/25/
VL  - 315
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Cytosine deaminase (CD) catalyzes the deamination of cytosine, producing uracil. This enzyme is present in prokaryotes and fungi (but not multicellular eukaryotes) and is an important member of the pyrimidine salvage pathway in those organisms. The same enzyme also catalyzes the conversion of 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil; this activity allows the formation of a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent from a non-cytotoxic precursor. The enzyme is of widespread interest both for antimicrobial drug design and for gene therapy applications against tumors. The structure of Escherichia coli CD has been determined in the presence and absence of a bound mechanism-based inhibitor. The enzyme forms an (αβ)8 barrel structure with structural similarity to adenosine deaminase, a relationship that is undetectable at the sequence level, and no similarity to bacterial cytidine deaminase. The enzyme is packed into a hexameric assembly stabilized by a unique domain-swapping interaction between enzyme subunits. The active site is located in the mouth of the enzyme barrel and contains a bound iron ion that coordinates a hydroxyl nucleophile. Substrate binding involves a significant conformational change that sequesters the reaction complex from solvent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PROTEINS -- Deamination
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - cytosine deaminase
KW  - enzyme mechanism
KW  - prodrug gene therapy
KW  - protein structure
KW  - X-ray crystallography
N1  - Accession Number: 8497301; Ireton, Gregory C. 1 McDermott, Gerry 2 Black, Margaret E. 3 Stoddard, Barry L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and the Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Washington, 1100 Fairview Ave. N. A3-023, Seattle,  WA, 98109, USA  2: Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley,  CA, 94720, USA  3: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6534,  USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 315 Issue 4, p687; Subject Term: PROTEINS -- Deamination; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytosine deaminase; Author-Supplied Keyword: enzyme mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: prodrug gene therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray crystallography; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jmbi.2001.5277
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mele, Aldo
AU  - Liu, Haichen
AU  - Russo, Richard E.
AU  - Mao, Xianglei
AU  - Giardini, Anna
AU  - Satta, Mauro
T1  - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric study of laser sputtering from the surface of an Al–Cu–Fe alloy and quasicrystal
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/01/28/
VL  - 186
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 322
SN  - 01694332
AB  - The fractionation behavior induced by laser desorption and ablation of the Al70Cu20Fe10 intermetallic alloy and of the Al65Cu23Fe12 quasicrystal has been examined in terms of the structural properties of the two compounds. Elemental fractionation during laser desorption and ablation sampling was investigated by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The experiments were carried out in two different power density regimes by using a Nd-YAG laser with 266 nm wavelength and single 6 ns laser pulses. In the high power density regime (>0.04–0.07 GW/cm2) the effect of the laser power density on ablation behavior was similar for the two materials. In the low power density regime (<0.04–0.07 GW/cm2) large differences have been found between the alloy and the quasicrystal. The results are interpreted on the basis of a thermodynamic vaporization process for the intermetallic alloy. An electronic model of localized excitation is suggested for the physical process of surface material removal from a quasicrystal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Ablation
KW  - Laser
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Quasicrystal
KW  - Sputtering
N1  - Accession Number: 7769263; Mele, Aldo 1; Email Address: aldo.mele@uniroma1.it Liu, Haichen 2,3 Russo, Richard E. 2 Mao, Xianglei 2 Giardini, Anna 1,4 Satta, Mauro 1; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China  4: Instituto Materiali Speciali, CNR, Via Loja, Tito Scalo (PZ) 85050, Italy; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 186 Issue 1-4, p322; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasicrystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joly, A.G.
AU  - Hess, W.P.
AU  - Beck, K.M.
AU  - Dickinson, J.T.
T1  - Femtosecond time-resolved photo-stimulated desorption from ionic crystals
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/01/28/
VL  - 186
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We have used the pump–probe technique to measure the positive ion yield, from ionic crystals, as a function of time delay between two femtosecond laser pulses. The two-pulse technique allows direct observation of solid state and surface dynamics on a femtosecond timescale. We find the ion yield, from 265 nm irradiated MgO and KBr, depends critically on the time delay between pulses. For example, the Mg+ desorption yield displays three distinct features; a coherence peak followed by a fast rise and decay features. In contrast, the yield of K+ from KBr displays only the coherence peak and picosecond decay features. The observed ion detection thresholds suggest that, although the nanosecond laser ion desorption mechanism may be dominated by defect photoabsorption, significant electron–hole pair production may contribute to the femtosecond laser desorption mechanism. By determining the ultrafast time-dependence of positive ion emission, we hope to reveal the mechanism of laser ion desorption for both regimes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LASERS
KW  - IONIC crystals
KW  - Femtosecond time-resolved
KW  - Ionic crystals
KW  - Laser desorption
N1  - Accession Number: 7769266; Joly, A.G. 1 Hess, W.P. 1; Email Address: wayne.hess@pnl.gov Beck, K.M. 1 Dickinson, J.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K8-88, P.O. Box 999, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 186 Issue 1-4, p339; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: IONIC crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Femtosecond time-resolved; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser desorption; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andrus, Merritt B.
AU  - Lashley, Jason C.
T1  - Copper catalyzed allylic oxidation with peresters
JO  - Tetrahedron
JF  - Tetrahedron
Y1  - 2002/01/28/
VL  - 58
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 845
SN  - 00404020
KW  - allylic oxidation
KW  - metal complexes
KW  - perester
N1  - Accession Number: 7742888; Andrus, Merritt B. 1; Email Address: mbandrus@chemdept.byu.edu Lashley, Jason C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C100 BNSN, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Bikini Atoll Road, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p845; Author-Supplied Keyword: allylic oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: metal complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: perester; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gan, Zhehong
AU  - Grandinetti, Philip
T1  - <atl>Rotary resonance in multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/01/30/
VL  - 352
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 252
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The theory of rotary resonance in multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning (MQMAS) experiment is presented. The rotary resonance effect can enhance the efficiency of MQMAS experiment for high-resolution NMR spectra of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei [J. Chem. Phys. 114 (2001) 4618]. Using a spin-1/2 formalism and Floquet theorem, the spin dynamics of a spin-3/2 under rf irradiation and magic-angle sample spinning is solved analytically in a doubly rotating frame. The results show an oscillatory behavior of MQ excitation with nulls at <f>ω1=nωr/2</f>, where <f>ω1</f> represents the rf field strength and <f>ωr</f> is the spinning frequency. Efficient MQ excitation occurs between these nulls and MQ conversion peaks at <f>ω1=nωr</f>. The origin of the rotary resonance phenomenon is related to frequency shift of a general two-level system under a randomly modulated periodic perturbation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MESOMERISM
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
N1  - Accession Number: 7753888; Gan, Zhehong 1; Email Address: gan@magnet.fsu.edu Grandinetti, Philip 2; Affiliation:  1: Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1173, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 352 Issue 3/4, p252; Subject Term: MESOMERISM; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sohlberg, Karl
AU  - Dobbs, Kerwin D.
T1  - Origin of side bands in the FTIR spectrum of acetone oxime vinyl ether
JO  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
JF  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
Y1  - 2002/01/31/
VL  - 577
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 01661280
AB  - The origin of two minor but enigmatic side bands in the Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) of acetone oxime vinyl ether is resolved with density functional theory calculations. A comparison of vibrational frequencies as computed with Hartree–Fock self-consistent-field theory and density functional theory is carried out for acetone oxime vinyl ether, and N-(3-nitrobenzylidene)-p-phenylenediamine. Implications for molecular electronics are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VINYL ethers
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - PHENYLENEDIAMINES
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Acetone oxime vinyl ether
KW  - Density functional theory
KW  - Molecular electronics
KW  - N-(3-Nitrobenzylidene)-p-phenylenediamine
KW  - Vibrational frequencies
N1  - Accession Number: 7741429; Sohlberg, Karl 1,2; Email Address: sohlbergk@drexel.edu Dobbs, Kerwin D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6031, USA  3: DuPont Research and Development, Experimental Station, P.O. Box 80328, Wilmington, DE 19880-0328, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 577 Issue 2/3, p137; Subject Term: VINYL ethers; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: PHENYLENEDIAMINES; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acetone oxime vinyl ether; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: N-(3-Nitrobenzylidene)-p-phenylenediamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrational frequencies; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bester, G.
AU  - Meyer, B.
AU  - Fähnle, M.
AU  - Fu, C.L.
T1  - Dominant thermal defects in B2–FeAl
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/01/31/
VL  - 323
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
SN  - 09215093
AB  - It is shown within the framework of the ab initio statistical mechanics that the triple defect formation is not the dominant thermal excitation in stoichiometric B2–FeAl, at least at low temperatures. Therefore the customary type of analysis of magnetic susceptibility measurements exclusively in terms of triple defects may yield erroneous results for the concentration of Fe vacancies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - STATISTICAL mechanics
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - Ab initio statistical mechanics
KW  - Atomic defects
KW  - B2–FeAl
KW  - Magnetic susceptibility measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 7741865; Bester, G. 1 Meyer, B. 1 Fähnle, M. 1; Email Address: faehn@physix.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de Fu, C.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Insitut fur Physik, Max–Planck–Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D–70569 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6114, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 323 Issue 1/2, p487; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: STATISTICAL mechanics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio statistical mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2–FeAl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic susceptibility measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Oliveira, H.P.
T1  - Density perturbations in warm inflation and COBE normalization
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/01/31/
VL  - 526
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Starting from a gauge invariant treatment of perturbations an analytical expression for the spectrum of long wavelength density perturbations in warm inflation is derived. The adiabatic and entropy modes are exhibited explicitly. As an application of the analytical results, we determined the observational constraint for the dissipation term compatible with COBE observation of the cosmic microwave radiation anisotropy for some specific models. In view of the results the feasibility of warm inflation is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAUGE invariance
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - ENTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 7745124; de Oliveira, H.P. 1,2; Email Address: oliveira@dft.if.uerj.br; Affiliation:  1: NASA, Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA  2: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Fısica, Departamento de Fısica Teórica, CEP 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 526 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: GAUGE invariance; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: ENTROPY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hunt, A.G.
AU  - Gee, G.W.
T1  - Application of critical path analysis to fractal porous media: comparison with examples from the Hanford site
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Critical path analysis from percolation theory is used to calculate the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, <f>K(S)</f>, of soils with pore space compatible with a (sometimes complex) fractal description. The fractal descriptions are chosen in accord with particle-size distributions of two soils at the US Department of Energy Hanford Site. One of the two soils exhibits a bimodal particle-size distribution, and is treated as a “dual” fractal. The results are then compared with measured hydraulic properties of these two soils. The analysis yields excellent agreement with experiment over 4–6 orders of magnitude in most investigated properties without use of fitting parameters. It is possible to show that such unusual phenomena as a sudden increase in the spread of K values with reduction of matric potential can be traced to effects of a bimodal distribution of pore sizes. The least certain parameter for calculation of K is the “critical volume fraction”, <f>αc</f>, which describes the minimum water content for which an interconnected network of capillary flow exists. The values deduced for <f>αc</f>, however, allow consistent interpretation in both soils investigated (in contrast to fitted values of a “residual moisture content” obtained by application of the van Genuchten function). Further, values of <f>αc</f> obtained correspond well with threshold moisture contents for solute diffusion reported elsewhere, evidence for the relevance of percolation to dispersion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRITICAL path analysis
KW  - PERCOLATION
KW  - PARTICLE size distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 7758878; Hunt, A.G.; Email Address: allen.hunt@pnl.gov Gee, G.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: CRITICAL path analysis; Subject Term: PERCOLATION; Subject Term: PARTICLE size distribution; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cox, Jimmy D.
AU  - Curry, Mark S.
AU  - Skirboll, Stephen K.
AU  - Gourley, Paul L
AU  - Sasaki, Darryl Y.
T1  - Surface passivation of a microfluidic device to glial cell adhesion: a comparison of hydrophobic and hydrophilic SAM coatings
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 929
SN  - 01429612
AB  - Cell adhesion in a microfluidic structure can lead to catastrophic flow problems due to the comparable size of the cell with the microfabricated device. Such issues are important in the growing research area involving the merging of biological materials and MEMS devices. We have examined the surface compatibility of uncoated and coated microfabricated glass and semiconductor surfaces under static solution (cell culture) and flow experiments (microfluidic device) using glial (astrocyte and glioblastoma) cells. Bare semiconductor and glass surfaces were most attractive to cell adhesion, promoting biofouling under both static and flow conditions. Passivation of the surfaces was performed with silane coupling agents octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) or N-(triethoxysilylpropyl)-O-polyethylene oxide urethane (TESP) on SiO2 surfaces via self-assembled monolayer (SAM) deposition. The hydrophilic TESP coating was effective at inhibiting biofouling of the microfluidic structure, allowing greater than several minutes of fluid flow. The hydrophobic OTMS coating, on the other hand, promoted cell adhesion leading to restricted flow within a few minutes. Interestingly, under cell culture conditions the TESP surface exhibited biocompatible properties for glial cell adhesion and proliferation, in contrast to the OTMS surface which resisted cell growth. These studies suggest that cell adhesion is dependent upon the time domain of the cell–surface interaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL adhesion
KW  - CELL culture
KW  - Astrocyte
KW  - Cell adhesion
KW  - Glioblastoma
KW  - Microfluidic structure
KW  - Self-assembled monolayer
N1  - Accession Number: 7781108; Cox, Jimmy D. 1 Curry, Mark S. 2 Skirboll, Stephen K. 2 Gourley, Paul L 1 Sasaki, Darryl Y. 1; Email Address: dysasak@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Biomolecular Materials and Interfaces Department, MS 1413 Albuquerque, NM 87185-1413, USA  2: School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p929; Subject Term: CELL adhesion; Subject Term: CELL culture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Astrocyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glioblastoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microfluidic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled monolayer; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xinzhang Hu
AU  - Xuhui Lee
AU  - Stevens, David E.
AU  - Smith, Ronald B.
T1  - A Numerical Study Of Nocturnal Wavelike Motion In Forests.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 223
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - In this paper, we use a two-dimensional eddy-resolved model to investigate the instability of a parallel shear flow in a stably stratified boundary layer whose lower domain is occupied by a canopy. The results support our contention that wave motion in the canopy is initiated by shear in an air layer near the treetops. Significant modification by the wave motion of the mean velocity and temperature fields is found even before the wave reaches saturation. The wave fluxes of momentum and heat are not constant with height. Downwind tilting braids are found at the finite amplitude stage of the wave growth and could persist after wave breaking; these downwind tilting structures are believed to be the same as the temperature microfronts reported in the literature. We also present an analysis of the velocity and temperature fields of an observed wave event in the time-height domain and show that the simulation has captured the broad features of the observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Forest microclimatology
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology)
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Air layering
KW  - Canopy turbulence
KW  - Forest
KW  - Numerical model
KW  - Shear instability
N1  - Accession Number: 15606555; Xinzhang Hu 1; Xuhui Lee 1; Email Address: xuhui.lee@yale.edu; Stevens, David E. 2; Smith, Ronald B. 3; Affiliations: 1: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, Connecticut, U.S.A.; 2: Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, U.S.A.; 3: Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 102 Issue 2, p199; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Forest microclimatology; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Subject Term: Air layering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canopy turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear instability; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Jie
AU  - Cheng, Quan
AU  - Stevens, Raymond C.
T1  - Morphological manipulation of bolaamphiphilic polydiacetylene assemblies by controlled lipid doping
JO  - Chemistry & Physics of Lipids
JF  - Chemistry & Physics of Lipids
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 114
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
SN  - 00093084
AB  - Morphological transformations of bolaamphiphilic polydiacetylene (L-Glu-Bis-3) lipid assemblies from helical ribbons to vesicles and flat sheets through controlled doping are described, and the role of specific lipid dopants in these processes is discussed. Upon doping with cell surface receptor GM1 ganglioside, fluid vesicular structures start to emerge, coexisting with the micro-crystalline helical ribbons. The vesicle formation is further facilitated and stabilized by the introduction of cholesterol into the system, presumably through surface curvature variation induced by inhomogeneous distribution and dynamic clustering of GM1 and cholesterol within the doped assemblies. Extended helical ribbons are ‘truncated’ into patches of flat sheets when a sufficient amount of Bis-1, a structurally compatible symmetric bolaamphiphilic diacetylene lipid, is doped. The results reaffirm the important roles of packing geometry and headgroup chirality in the formation of extended helical ribbon structures. The doped assemblies of bolaamphiphiles allow for capture of intermediate structures of morphological transformation using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A vesicle-to-ribbon transformation mechanism via lateral reorganization within relatively fluid vesicular microstructures has been suggested. Understanding of the doping-induced transformation process provides useful information for the design of advanced materials where the microscopic morphology of material is crucial to its function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ACETYLENE
KW  - LIPIDS
KW  - GANGLIOSIDES
KW  - Bolaamphiphilic polydiacetylene
KW  - Helical ribbons
KW  - Lipid doping
N1  - Accession Number: 7775888; Song, Jie 1 Cheng, Quan 1; Email Address: quan.cheng@ucr.edu Stevens, Raymond C. 1,2; Email Address: stevens@scripps.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 114 Issue 2, p203; Subject Term: ACETYLENE; Subject Term: LIPIDS; Subject Term: GANGLIOSIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bolaamphiphilic polydiacetylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helical ribbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lipid doping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bylaska, Eric J.
AU  - Valiev, Marat
AU  - Kawai, Ryoichi
AU  - Weare, John H.
T1  - Parallel implementation of the projector augmented plane wave method for charged systems
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 143
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 00104655
AB  - A parallel implementation of the projector augmented plane wave (PAW) method with the applications to several transition metal complexes is presented. A unique aspect of our PAW code is that it can treat both charged and neutral cluster systems. We discuss how this is achieved via accurate numerical treatment of the Coulomb Green''s function with free space boundary conditions. The strategy for parallelizing the PAW code is based on distributing the plane wave basis across processors. This is a versatile approach and is implemented using a parallel three-dimensional Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). We report parallel performance analysis of our program and of the three-dimensional FFT''s and discuss large-scale parallelization issues of the PAW code. Using a series of transition metal monoxides and dioxides, as well as two iron aqueous complexes, it is shown that a free space PAW code can give structural parameters and energies in good accord with Gaussian based methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - COULOMB functions
KW  - TRANSITION metal oxides
KW  - GAUSSIAN measures
N1  - Accession Number: 7745193; Bylaska, Eric J. 1; Email Address: eric.bylaska@pnl.gov Valiev, Marat 2 Kawai, Ryoichi 3 Weare, John H. 2; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 143 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal oxides; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN measures; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexeev, Yuri
AU  - Kendall, Ricky A.
AU  - Gordon, Mark S.
T1  - The distributed data SCF
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 143
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
SN  - 00104655
AB  - This paper describes a distributed data parallel SCF algorithm. The distinguishing features of this algorithm are: (a) columns of density and Fock matrices are distributed evenly among processors, (b) pair-wise dynamic load balancing is developed to achieve excellent load balance, (c) network communication time is minimized via careful analysis of data flow in the SCF algorithm. The developed performance models and benchmarking results illustrate good performance of the distributed data SCF algorithm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SELF-consistent field theory
KW  - DISTRIBUTED databases
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - Cluster computing
KW  - Distributed data interface
KW  - Dynamic load balancing
KW  - Nonuniform memory access
KW  - Quantum chemistry
KW  - Self consistent field
N1  - Accession Number: 7745197; Alexeev, Yuri 1 Kendall, Ricky A. 1 Gordon, Mark S.; Email Address: mark@si.fi.ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, and Scalable Computing Laboratory, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 143 Issue 1, p69; Subject Term: SELF-consistent field theory; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED databases; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cluster computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed data interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic load balancing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonuniform memory access; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self consistent field; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kansa, E.J.
T1  - Local, point-wise rotational transformations of the conservation equations into stream-wise coordinates
JO  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
JF  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3-5
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
SN  - 08981221
AB  - In dealing with multidimensional simulations, many authors have shown that a major cause of numerical dispersion errors is due to the flow being skewed to the coordinate axes. Crane and Blunt [1] have shown that the stream-wise transformations can reduce the numerical errors associated with the multidimensional transport equations. However, it has been proven that no transformation can completely diagonalize the multidimension conservation equations.It shall be demonstrated that a subset of the multidimensional Euler equations can be diagonalized, but not the entire set. The formulation of the conservation equations into the local stream-wise coordinate system is extended to the time-dependent, two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) conservation equations. At any point in space, there exists a set of local rotations that aligns the fluid velocity vector coincident with the stream-wise coordinate; hence, the fluid velocity components orthogonal to the stream-wise coordinate are identically zero. Such transformations result in a subset of PDEs that are diagonalized, namely, the mass, total energy, and principal momentum density PDEs. However, the orthogonal momentum component conservation PDEs are not diagonalized and are multidimensional; these PDEs are responsible for streamline bending. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Mathematics with Applications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - Conservation equations
KW  - Flows skewed to coordinate axes
KW  - Partial diagonalization of conservation equations
KW  - Point-wise rotational transformations
KW  - Stream-wise coordinates
N1  - Accession Number: 8563838; Kansa, E.J. 1; Email Address: kansa1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mail Stop L-200 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94551-0808, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 43 Issue 3-5, p501; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flows skewed to coordinate axes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial diagonalization of conservation equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Point-wise rotational transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stream-wise coordinates; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, J.G.
AU  - Lee, S.H.
AU  - Kim, B.
AU  - Yu, H.Y.
AU  - Park, J.H.
AU  - Kabir, M.S.
AU  - Kubatkin, S.
AU  - Persson, M.
AU  - Park, Y.W.
T1  - Non-linear I–V characteristics of polypyrrole micro-line synthesized using scanning probe microscope
JO  - Current Applied Physics
JF  - Current Applied Physics
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 15671739
AB  - We measured temperature dependence of voltage–current characteristics of electrochemically polymerized polypyrrole in micron scale using scanning probe microscope. The morphology and the magnitude of room temperature resistivity, <f>ρRT=0.016 Ω </f>cm, are similar to other electrochemically synthesized polypyrrole. I–V characteristics became non-linear for <f>T<100</f> K and can be fitted to fluctuation-induced tunneling conduction model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Applied Physics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYRROLES
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - Electrochemical synthesis
KW  - Micor-line
KW  - Non-linear I–V characteristics
KW  - Polypyrrole
KW  - Scanning probe microscope
N1  - Accession Number: 7771932; Park, J.G. 1 Lee, S.H. 1 Kim, B. 1 Yu, H.Y. 1 Park, J.H. 1 Kabir, M.S. 2 Kubatkin, S. 2 Persson, M. 2 Park, Y.W. 1,3; Email Address: ywpark@phya.snu.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Condensed Matter Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea  2: School of Physics and Engineering Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Goteborg, Sweden  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 2 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: PYRROLES; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micor-line; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-linear I–V characteristics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polypyrrole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning probe microscope; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aleshin, A.N.
AU  - Kozub, V.I.
AU  - Suh, D.-S.
AU  - Park, Y.W.
T1  - Low-temperature saturation of dephasing in heavily doped conjugated polymers
JO  - Current Applied Physics
JF  - Current Applied Physics
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 15671739
AB  - Based on our low temperature (down to 0.5 K) electronic transport studies of heavily doped polyacetylene and magnetotransport results reported for other heavily doped conjugated polymers, we demonstrate that the low-temperature saturation of electron dephasing found for metallic and semiconducting materials is also exhibited in conducting polymers. Such behavior explained by a model, which involves electron dephasing by two-level systems of a special type originating from initially symmetric defect configurations where the symmetry is partially lifted by disorder. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Applied Physics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDUCTING polymers
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - POLYACETYLENES
KW  - Conducting polymers
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - Magnetoresistance
N1  - Accession Number: 7771944; Aleshin, A.N. 1,2; Email Address: aleshin@phya.snu.ac.kr Kozub, V.I. 2 Suh, D.-S. 1 Park, Y.W. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Condensed Matter Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea  2: A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 2 Issue 1, p91; Subject Term: CONDUCTING polymers; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: POLYACETYLENES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conducting polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phelps, Tommy J.
AU  - Palumbo, Anthony V.
AU  - Beliaev, Alex S.
T1  - <atl>Metabolomics and microarrays for improved understanding of phenotypic characteristics controlled by both genomics and environmental constraints
JO  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
JF  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 09581669
AB  - Advances in our understanding of functional genomics are best addressed by integrative studies that include measurements of mRNA, proteins, and low molecular weight metabolites over time and varied conditions. Bioinformatics can then be used to relate this data to the genome. Current technology allows for comprehensive and rapid mRNA expression profiling and mass spectrophotometric measurement of low molecular weight intermediates and metabolic products. In prokaryotic organisms, this combination provides a potentially powerful tool for identifying gene function and regulatory networks even in the absence of a combined proteomic approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Biotechnology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - PROKARYOTES
N1  - Accession Number: 7755282; Phelps, Tommy J. 1; Email Address: phelpstj@ornl.gov Palumbo, Anthony V. 1 Beliaev, Alex S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p20; Subject Term: BIOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: PROKARYOTES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephenson Jr, James L.
AU  - McLuckey, Scott A.
AU  - Reid, Gavin E.
AU  - Wells, J. Mitchell
AU  - Bundy, Jonathan L.
T1  - <atl>Ion/ion chemistry as a top-down approach for protein analysis
JO  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
JF  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 09581669
AB  - Developing methodology for analyzing complex protein mixtures in a rapid fashion is one of the most challenging problems facing analytical biochemists today. Recent advances in mass spectrometry for the analysis of intact proteins (i.e. the top-down approach) show great promise for rapid protein identification. The ion/ion chemistry approach for the detection and identification of target proteins in complex matrices, determination of fragmentation channels as a function of precursor ion charge state, and post-translational modification characterization are discussed with particular emphasis on tandem mass spectrometry of intact proteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Biotechnology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7755288; Stephenson Jr, James L. 1,2; Email Address: stephensonjl@rti.org McLuckey, Scott A. 2; Email Address: mcluckey@purdue.edu Reid, Gavin E. 2; Email Address: gavinreid@purdue.edu Wells, J. Mitchell 2; Email Address: jmwells@purdue.edu Bundy, Jonathan L. 3; Email Address: bundyj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Research Triangle Institute, 3040 Cornwallis Road, PO Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, 1393 Brown Laboratories, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1393, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6365, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hawkins, Trevor L.
AU  - Detter, John C.
AU  - Richardson, Paul M.
T1  - <atl>Whole genome amplification — applications and advances
JO  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
JF  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 09581669
AB  - The concept of whole genome amplification is something that has arisen in the past few years as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been adapted to replicate regions of genomes that are of biological interest. The applications are many — forensic science, embryonic disease diagnosis, bioterrorism genome detection, ‘immortalization’ of clinical samples, microbial diversity, and genotyping. Several recent papers suggest that whole genomes can be replicated without bias or non-random distribution of the target, these findings open up a new avenue to molecular biology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENE amplification
N1  - Accession Number: 7755289; Hawkins, Trevor L. 1; Email Address: tlhawkins@lbl.gov Detter, John C. 1 Richardson, Paul M. 1; Affiliation:  1: US DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p65; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENE amplification; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Noheda, B.
T1  - Structure and high-piezoelectricity in lead oxide solid solutions
JO  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
SN  - 13590286
AB  - A review of the recent advances in the understanding of piezoelectricity in lead oxide solid solutions is presented, giving special attention to the structural aspects. It has now become clear that the very high electromechanical response in these materials is directly related to the existence of low symmetry monoclinic phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PIEZOELECTRICITY
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - LEAD oxides
KW  - Morphotrophic phase boundary
KW  - Phase diagram
KW  - Piezoelectricity
KW  - PZT
N1  - Accession Number: 7842627; Noheda, B. 1; Email Address: noheda@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p27; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: LEAD oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morphotrophic phase boundary; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Piezoelectricity; Author-Supplied Keyword: PZT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hopfner, Karl-Peter
AU  - Putnam, Christopher D.
AU  - Tainer, John A.
T1  - <atl>DNA double-strand break repair from head to tail
JO  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 0959440X
AB  - DNA double-strand break repair is a complex process that requires multiple enzymatic and structural activities to rejoin or repair the broken DNA ends using one of several repair pathways. These enzymatic and structural activities include end detection, end processing and alignment of DNA ends. Recent structural and functional studies of the DNA double-strand break repair factors Mre11/Rad50, Ku70/80 and Xrcc4 show how these enzymes combine and assemble both enzymatic and structural activities in DNA double-strand break repair. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DNA repair
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 7755309; Hopfner, Karl-Peter 1; Email Address: hopfner@lmb.uni-muenchen.de Putnam, Christopher D. 2; Email Address: cdputnam@ucsd.edu Tainer, John A. 3; Email Address: jat@scripps.edu; Affiliation:  1: Gene Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany  2: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego, California, USA  3: The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p115; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerasimov, Madina R.
AU  - Schiffer, Wynne K.
AU  - Marstellar, Douglas
AU  - Ferrieri, Richard
AU  - Alexoff, David
AU  - Dewey, Stephen L.
T1  - <atl>Toluene inhalation produces regionally specific changes in extracellular dopamine
JO  - Drug & Alcohol Dependence
JF  - Drug & Alcohol Dependence
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 65
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 03768716
AB  - The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of toluene inhalation on dopaminergic transmission in two distinct brain areas presumably involved in mediating the reward processes important for toluene abuse. Extracellular dopamine (DA) levels were measured in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens (NACC) of freely moving rats using in vivo microdialysis. Inhalation of a behaviorally relevant concentration of toluene (3000 ppm) produced a significant increase in the PFC but not in the NACC. However, the odorant isoamyl acetate, increased PFC DA levels by only 37%, significantly less than the 96% increase observed following toluene exposure. When toluene inhalation was combined with cocaine administration (20 mg/kg i.p.), the response to the combined challenge was not different from the response to toluene alone in the PFC. However, the combination of these two drugs produced a supradditive response of 802% in the NACC, compared with the 450% increase observed following cocaine alone. Recent reports indicate that toluene influences the function of several ionotropic receptors in a subunit specific manner. As further evidence of specific effects, our results indicate regionally specific changes in dopaminergic transmission following toluene exposure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TOLUENE
KW  - DOPAMINERGIC mechanisms
KW  - Dopamine
KW  - Microdialysis
KW  - Nucleus accumbens
KW  - Prefrontal cortex
KW  - Toluene
N1  - Accession Number: 7754467; Gerasimov, Madina R.; Email Address: madina@bnl.gov Schiffer, Wynne K. 1 Marstellar, Douglas 1 Ferrieri, Richard 1 Alexoff, David 1 Dewey, Stephen L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 65 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: TOLUENE; Subject Term: DOPAMINERGIC mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dopamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microdialysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleus accumbens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prefrontal cortex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toluene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wickham, James D.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
AU  - Smith, Elizabeth R.
AU  - Wade, Timothy G.
AU  - Jones, K. Bruce
T1  - GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING OF INCREASES IN NUTRIENT EXPORT DUE TO FUTURE URBANIZATION.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 106
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study which describes the ecological consequence of urbanization when concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) in streams, lakes, and estuaries increases and they are considered pollutants. It explains the role of urbanization in changing the landscape for relative distribution of extant natural resources. The study links the nutrient-export risk and urbanization models in order to identify areas most vulnerable to pollution.
KW  - Urban ecology (Biology)
KW  - Nitrogen -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Pollutants -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Urbanization -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Phosphorus -- Environmental aspects
KW  - export of N and P, vulnerability
KW  - geographic modeling
KW  - GIS, land-cover change
KW  - land cover
KW  - mid-Atlantic states (USA)
KW  - modeling, empirical and risk based
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - phosphorus
KW  - regional-scale analysis
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - urbanization
N1  - Accession Number: 112065354; Wickham, James D. 1; O'Neill, Robert V. 2; Riitters, Kurt H. 3; Smith, Elizabeth R. 4; Wade, Timothy G. 1; Jones, K. Bruce 5; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MD-56), National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 USA; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038 USA; 3: Forestry Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Forest Service, Box 12254, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA; 4: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MD-75), National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 USA; 5: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 944 East Harmon Avenue, Las Vegas, Nevada 89119 USA; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p93; Thesaurus Term: Urban ecology (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: Urbanization -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: Phosphorus -- Environmental aspects; Author-Supplied Keyword: export of N and P, vulnerability; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographic modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: GIS, land-cover change; Author-Supplied Keyword: land cover; Author-Supplied Keyword: mid-Atlantic states (USA); Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling, empirical and risk based; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorus; Author-Supplied Keyword: regional-scale analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: urbanization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[0093:GTOIIN]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutradhar, Alok
AU  - Paulino, Glaucio H.
AU  - Gray, L.J.
T1  - Transient heat conduction in homogeneous and non-homogeneous materials by the Laplace transform Galerkin boundary element method
JO  - Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements
JF  - Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 09557997
AB  - The Green''s function for three-dimensional transient heat conduction (diffusion equation) for functionally graded materials (FGMs) is derived. The thermal conductivity and heat capacitance both vary exponentially in one coordinate. In the process of solving this diffusion problem numerically, a Laplace transform (LT) approach is used to eliminate the dependence on time. The fundamental solution in Laplace space is derived and the boundary integral equation formulation for the Laplace Transform boundary element method (LTBEM) is obtained. The numerical implementation is performed using a Galerkin approximation, and the time-dependence is restored by numerical inversion of the LT. Two numerical inversion techniques have been investigated: a Fourier series method and Stehfest''s algorithm, the latter being preferred. A number of test problems have been examined, and the results are in excellent agreement with available analytical solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN'S functions
KW  - LAPLACE transformation
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - Functionally graded materials
KW  - Galerkin approximation
KW  - Green's functions
KW  - Laplace transform boundary element method
KW  - Transient heat conduction
N1  - Accession Number: 7739657; Sutradhar, Alok 1 Paulino, Glaucio H. 1; Email Address: paulino@uiuc.edu Gray, L.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2209 Newmark Laboratory, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 6012, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p119; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Subject Term: LAPLACE transformation; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Functionally graded materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galerkin approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green's functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace transform boundary element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient heat conduction; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HUFF, DALE D.
AU  - HARGROVE, WILLIAM W.
AU  - GRAHAM, ROBIN
AU  - NIKOLOV, NED
AU  - THARP, M. LYNN
T1  - A GIS/Simulation Framework for Assessing Change in Water Yield over Large Spatial Scales.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
EP  - 181
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Recent legislation to initiate vegetation management in the Central Sierra hydrologic region of California includes a focus on corresponding changes in water yield. This served as the impetus for developing a combined geographic information system (GIS) and simulation assessment framework. Using the existing vegetation density condition, together with proposed rules for thinning to reduce fire risk, a set of simulation model inputs were generated for examining the impact of the thinning scenario on water yield. The approach allows results to be expressed as the mean and standard deviation of change in water yield for each 1-km2 map cell that is thinned. Values for groups of cells are aggregated for typical watershed units using area-weighted averaging. Wet, dry, and average precipitation years were simulated over a large region. Where snow plays an important role in hydrologic processes, the simulated change in water yield was less than 0.5% of expected annual runoff for a typical watershed. Such small changes would be undetectable in the field using conventional stream flow analysis. These results suggest that use of water yield increases to help justify forest-thinning activities or offset their cost will be difficult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Vegetation & climate
KW  - Bioclimatology
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Hydrologic cycle
KW  - Management
KW  - Water-yield change; Forest management; GIS; Simulation; Monte Carlo Analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15311245; HUFF, DALE D. 1; HARGROVE, WILLIAM W. 1; GRAHAM, ROBIN 1; NIKOLOV, NED 1; THARP, M. LYNN 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences and Computational Physics and Engineering Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p164; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation & climate; Thesaurus Term: Bioclimatology; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Hydrologic cycle; Subject Term: Management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water-yield change; Forest management; GIS; Simulation; Monte Carlo Analysis; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-0003-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Panisko, Ellen A.
AU  - Conrads, Thomas P.
AU  - Goshe, Michael B.
AU  - Veenstra, Timothy D.
T1  - The postgenomic age: Characterization of proteomes
JO  - Experimental Hematology
JF  - Experimental Hematology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
SN  - 0301472X
AB  - Global analysis of biological systems is becoming increasingly feasible as technologies that facilitate genome-wide analyses of gene expression are developed. Proteomics is the global analysis of expressed proteins (including posttranslational modifications) and seeks to establish the relationship between genome sequence, expressed proteins, protein-protein interactions, and cell and tissue phenotype. While the relative abundance of transcripts can be quantified using gene expression microarrays, the identification and quantitation of expressed proteins is more challenging. Nevertheless, the potential payoff for global protein analyses is immense because identification of distinctive protein signatures associated with cell function may provide novel therapeutic targets, molecular markers of disease, and increased understanding of determinants of cell phenotype. The challenges and promises of applications of established and emerging proteome strategies to detect and quantify differentially expressed proteins in culture cells are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Hematology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - GENE expression
N1  - Accession Number: 7749584; Panisko, Ellen A. 1 Conrads, Thomas P. 2 Goshe, Michael B. 1 Veenstra, Timothy D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash., USA  2: SAIC Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Md., USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p97; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: GENE expression; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kitamura, Akihiro
AU  - Hasegawa, Eiji
AU  - Yoshizawa, Masatsugu
T1  - Asymptotic analysis of the formation of thin liquid film in spin coating
JO  - Fluid Dynamics Research
JF  - Fluid Dynamics Research
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 01695983
AB  - Unsteady thin liquid film flow of non-uniform thickness on a rotating disk is analyzed by asymptotic methods. Short- and long-time-scale solutions for the transient film profile near the rotating axis are independently derived as a function of space and time. Analyses were performed for a case in which the initial film thickness is even in radial distance and the peripheral effects of the liquid film are assumed to be negligible. The result reveals the effects of the gravitational and surface tension forces, coupled with inertial force, on the film planarization and thinning process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Dynamics Research is the property of IOP Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID films
KW  - TRANSIENTS (Electricity)
KW  - Asymptotic solutions
KW  - Disks
KW  - Fluid flow
KW  - Liquids
KW  - Rotation
KW  - Spin coating
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Transients
N1  - Accession Number: 7751104; Kitamura, Akihiro 1; Email Address: akihirokitamura@1991.jukuin.keio.ac.jp Hasegawa, Eiji 2 Yoshizawa, Masatsugu 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Science & Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p107; Subject Term: LIQUID films; Subject Term: TRANSIENTS (Electricity); Author-Supplied Keyword: Asymptotic solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transients; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehnert, BE
AU  - Iyer, R
T1  - Exposure to low-level chemicals and ionizing radiation: reactive oxygen species and cellular pathways.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
EP  - 69
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which contribute to the energy landscapes in and around cells, play numerous roles in maintaining normal cell homeostasis as components of signaling pathways. Excessively high levels of ROS, on the other hand, can lead to pronounced DNA damage and a variety of cellular responses, including cell cycle arrests, senescence, apoptosis and possibly cancer. Far less is known, however, about how supra-basal levels of ROS that can be generated in response to low doses of ionizing radiation or chemicals in the environment may bring about untoward or perhaps even beneficial cellular responses. Even so, some evidence suggests that adaptive responses that have been associated with ROS-generating stimuli can have protective effects by fundamentally altering subsequent cellular dose-response profiles to otherwise detrimental stresses. Yet, even these seemingly favorable 'adaptive' effects may have longer-term untoward consequences. Other effects that have been associated with supra-basal levels of ROS, such as enhanced states of cell proliferation, potentially could have a protective function. But again, such increases in cell growth, which may be accompanied by greater than normal ROS-mediated damage to DNA, as well may ultimately favour the expansion of cells with heritable mutations. Unfortunately, the state of the art of our current understanding of how elevated but still low-level increases in ROS that may be induced by environmental stimuli presently precluded incorporation of supra-basal ROS-associated mechanisms in predictive risk assessment models, both at the population level and at the level of individualized risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Experimental Toxicology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Homeostasis
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Active oxygen
KW  - DNA
KW  - CELL REDOX STATUS
KW  - Cell signaling
KW  - LOW-DOSE CHEMICALS
KW  - Low-dose ionizing radiation
KW  - Reactive oxygen species
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 6723441; Lehnert, BE 1; Iyer, R 1; Affiliations: 1: Bioscience Division, MS M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p65; Thesaurus Term: Homeostasis; Thesaurus Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: Active oxygen; Subject Term: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: CELL REDOX STATUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell signaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: LOW-DOSE CHEMICALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-dose ionizing radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive oxygen species; Author-Supplied Keyword: RISK ASSESSMENT; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1191/0960327102ht212oa
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feinendegen, LE
T1  - Reactive oxygen species in cell responses to toxic agents.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 90
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - This review first summarizes experimental data on biological effects of different concentrations of ROS in mammalian cells and on their potential role in modifying cell responses to toxic agents. It then attempts to link the role of steadily produced metabolic ROS at various concentrations in mammalian cells to that of environmentally derived ROS bursts from exposure to ionizing radiation. The ROS from both sources are known to both cause biological damage and change cellular signaling, depending on their concentration at a given time. At low concentrations signaling effects of ROS appear to protect cellular survival and dominate over damage, and the reverse occurs at high ROS concentrations. Background radiation generates suprabasal ROS bursts along charged particle tracks several times a year in each nanogram of tissue, i.e., average mass of a mammalian cell. For instance, a burst of about 200 ROS occurs within less than a microsecond from low-LET irradiation such as X-rays along the track of a Compton electron (about 6 keV, ranging about 1 μm). One such track per nanogram tissue gives about 1 mGy to this mass. The number of instantaneous ROS per burst along the track of a 4-meV α-particle in 1 ng tissue reaches some 70000. The sizes, types and sites of these bursts, and the time intervals between them directly in and around cells appear essential for understanding low-dose and low dose-rate effects on top of effects from endogenous ROS. At background and low-dose radiation exposure, a major role of ROS bursts along particle tracks focuses on ROS-induced apoptosis of damage-carrying cells, and also on prevention and removal of DNA damage from endogenous sources by way of temporarily protective, i.e., adaptive, cellular responses. A conclusion is to consider low-dose radiation exposure as a provider of physiological mechanisms for tissue homoeostasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Experimental Toxicology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cell death
KW  - Active oxygen
KW  - Cells
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - ROS
KW  - Toxic agents
N1  - Accession Number: 6723446; Feinendegen, LE 1; Affiliations: 1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11073, USA; Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University POB 101007, 40001-Duesseldorf, Germany; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p85; Thesaurus Term: Cell death; Subject Term: Active oxygen; Subject Term: Cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionizing radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxic agents; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1191/0960327102ht216oa
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Delzanno, Gian Luca
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
AU  - Finn, John M.
T1  - KANDINSKY: A PIC Code for Fluid Simulations of Penning Traps.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 35
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We present simulations of the nonlinear dynamics of a nonneutral plasma in a Penning trap. We use KANDINSKY, an advanced cylindrical particle-in-cell (PlC) code based on a new method that avoids the traditional problems of cylindrical PlC codes. The principal novelty resides in defining a particle volume in addition to the usual particle charge. Results from the two-dimensional drift-Poisson model and a recently developed model with compression effects are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - NONNEUTRAL plasma
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - NONLINEAR mechanics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Codes
KW  - hydrodynamics
KW  - magnetic confinement
KW  - plasma waves
KW  - simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 27151573; Delzanno, Gian Luca 1,2 Lapenta, Giovanni 3,4; Email Address: lapenta@lanl.gov Finn, John M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Torino 10129, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Energetica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10129, Italy  3: Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA  4: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA; Source Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: NONNEUTRAL plasma; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: NONLINEAR mechanics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Codes; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic confinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shadwick, B. A.
AU  - Tarkenton, G. M.
AU  - Esarey, E. H.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Fluid Simulations of Intense Laser—Plasma Interactions.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 39
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We present results of fluid simulations of intense laser-plasma interactions where the laser time scale is fully resolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - Fluid
KW  - laser
KW  - numerical
KW  - plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 27151575; Shadwick, B. A. 1,2; Email Address: bashadwick@lbl.gov Tarkenton, G. M. 2 Esarey, E. H. 3 Leemans, W. P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Advanced Physics, Conifer, CO 80433 USA  2: Center for Beam Physics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: Institute for Advanced Physics, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  4: Center for Beam Physics, Conifer, CO 80433 USA; Source Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p38; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camacho, J. F.
AU  - Bliss, D. E.
AU  - Cameron, S. M.
T1  - Temporally Resolved Schlieren Images of a Laser-Generated Plasma.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 43
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Temporally resolved images of a Iong-scalelength aluminum plasma (L ≥ 100 μm, 1019  cm-3  Te   ≈ Ti ≈ 50 eV, Z ≈ 8.5) were obtained with a charge coupled device camera using the schlieren diagnostic technique. The schlieren imaging probe beam was a 15-mm diameter, 5-mJ, 266-nm, 110-ns FWHM laser pulse that uniformly illuminated the plasma. The probe beam was fired at various times relative to the plasma formation beam on a shot-to-shot basis, and refracted light components from the probe beam produced ‘snapshots’ of schlieren images showing the radial and axial evolution of the plasma. These images can be used to estimate the plasma's expansion velocity and electron density profile as a function of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - SCHLIEREN methods (Optics)
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - PLASMA diagnostics
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - Electron density diagnostics
KW  - laser-plasma inter-actions
KW  - optical plasma diagnostics
KW  - schlieren imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 27151577; Camacho, J. F. 1,2 Bliss, D. E. 2 Cameron, S. M. 3; Email Address: smcamer@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Source Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p42; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: SCHLIEREN methods (Optics); Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: PLASMA diagnostics; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: LASER beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron density diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser-plasma inter-actions; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical plasma diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: schlieren imaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, B. H.
AU  - Brower, D. L.
AU  - Cima, G.
AU  - Domier, C. W.
AU  - Donné, A. J. H.
AU  - Luhmann Jr., N. C.
AU  - Oyevaar, Th.
AU  - Wootton, A.
T1  - Imaging of Core Electron Temperature Fluctuations of Tokamak Plasmas.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
EP  - 73
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Imaging techniques applied to plasma turbulence data have lead to the discovery of unexpected two-dimensional patterns in the fluctuation levels. The data are obtained in the core of tokamak plasmas, using the novel technique of correlation intensity interferometry. Low-frequency fluctuations, usually associated with tearing modes, are not only found as expected near the q = 2 surface, but also on the midplane outside this surface. Higher frequency fluctuations, usually associated with the drift wave family, are poloidally localized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases) -- Research
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA turbulence
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - DRIFT waves
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - ECE
KW  - imaging
KW  - plasma
KW  - temperature
KW  - turbulence
KW  - visualization
N1  - Accession Number: 27151592; Deng, B. H. 1; Email Address: bhdeng@ucdavis.edu Brower, D. L. 2 Cima, G. 3 Domier, C. W. 1 Donné, A. J. H. 4 Luhmann Jr., N. C. 1,5 Oyevaar, Th. 4 Wootton, A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA  2: Electrical Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA  3: Fusion Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA  4: FOM-Instituut voor Plasmafysica Rijnhuizen, Associatie EURATOM-FOM, Nieuwegein 3430 BE, The Netherlands  5: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA  6: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; Source Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p72; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases) -- Research; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA turbulence; Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: DRIFT waves; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECE; Author-Supplied Keyword: imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: visualization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hebner, G. A.
AU  - Riley, M. E.
AU  - Johnson, D. S.
AU  - Ho, Pauline
AU  - Buss, R. J.
T1  - 2-D Plasma Dust Crystal Compression in a Parabolic Well.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 94
EP  - 95
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A spherically curved (locally parabolic) electrode with a conformal plasma sheath can be used to directly test two-dimensional (2-D) plasma crystal particle-particle interaction models and to derive the screening length and the charge on the particles. By using such a well, the lateral interaction potential was isolated and accessible. Good agreement was obtained between measured and calculated single particle trajectories using measured gas densities and temperatures to determine the neutral gas drag. Plasma crystal compression in the parabolic potential was demonstrated to be in good agreement with that predicted by an equation of state for the 2-D dust layer incorporating Debye shielding of the charges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DUST
KW  - DUSTY plasmas
KW  - PLASMA sheaths
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - COULOMB potential
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - Dust
KW  - measurements
KW  - plasma
KW  - plasma sheath
N1  - Accession Number: 27151603; Hebner, G. A. 1; Email Address: gahebne@sandia.gov Riley, M. E. 1 Johnson, D. S. 1 Ho, Pauline 1 Buss, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Source Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p94; Subject Term: DUST; Subject Term: DUSTY plasmas; Subject Term: PLASMA sheaths; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: COULOMB potential; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dust; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma sheath; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garasi, Christopher J.
AU  - Robinson, Allen C.
AU  - Kingman, Pat
AU  - Filbey, Skip
T1  - Visualization of ALEGRA-MHD Kinked Wire Validation Simulation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
EP  - 105
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We present a three-dimensional (3-D) ALEGRA-MHD simulation of a kinked wire magneto-solid mechanics validation experiment performed at Army Research Laboratory. A 3-mm diameter copper wire with a 600 (equilateral) kink was subjected to a 400-kA prescribed current pulse. Magnetic quantities have been visualized in order to understand the 3-D nature of the resulting wire disruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THREE-dimensional imaging
KW  - COMPUTER software -- Verification
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - PLASMA density
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Magnetohydrodynamics
KW  - software verification
KW  - validation
N1  - Accession Number: 27151608; Garasi, Christopher J. 1; Email Address: cjgaras@sandia.gov Robinson, Allen C. 1 Kingman, Pat 2 Filbey, Skip 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Research and Development, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA  2: Armor Modeling Team Armor Concept Section, Armor Mechanics Branch, Army Research Laboratory, APG, MD 21005 USA; Source Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p104; Subject Term: THREE-dimensional imaging; Subject Term: COMPUTER software -- Verification; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: PLASMA density; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetohydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: software verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: validation; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Imaging the Separation of Cathodic Arc Plasma and Macroparticles in Curved Magnetic Filters.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02//Feb2002 Part 1
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
EP  - 109
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Cathodic vacuum arc plasmas can be used to produce well-adherent, dense, high-quality films and coatings, provided macroparticles are removed from the plasma. Both plasma and macroparticles are produced at cathode spots, and in most cases both can easily be observed because they emit light. The nature of this light emission is briefly discussed. Using open, curved solenoids as magnetic filters, one can readily optically record the separation of plasma and macroparticles by the filter. Imaging can be used as a powerful tool to help developing macroparticle filters and optimizing their design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM arcs
KW  - ELECTRIC arc
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - MAGNETIC separators
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - Cathodic vacuum arc
KW  - imaging
KW  - macroparticles
KW  - plasma filter
N1  - Accession Number: 27151610; Anders, André 1; Email Address: Aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Feb2002 Part 1, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p108; Subject Term: VACUUM arcs; Subject Term: ELECTRIC arc; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC separators; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathodic vacuum arc; Author-Supplied Keyword: imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: macroparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma filter; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lesuer, D.R.
AU  - Syn, C.K.
AU  - Whittenberger, J.D.
AU  - Sherby, O.D.
T1  - Flow stresses in metal laminates and pure metals during high temperature extrusion
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 07496419
AB  - The flow stresses developed during elevated temperature extrusion in laminated metal composites are analyzed. The laminates consist either of ultrahigh carbon steels (UHCSs) or NiAl jacketed in a mild steel can. Flow stresses in the individual components of the laminate were determined by utilizing an isostrain model and by establishing the true coefficient of friction during extrusion. The average coefficient of friction was found equal to about 0.38 for UHCSs and 0.32 for NiAl. The results reveal that plastic flow of the UHCSs is a diffusion-controlled dislocation creep process. An increase in carbon content leads to a decrease in the flow stress because iron atom mobility is increased. An increase in substitutional solid solution alloy additions leads to an increase in the flow stress because of a decrease in the stacking fault energy. The influence of strain rate sensitivity of each component on the extrusion of laminated composites is modeled. It is shown that striking differences in extrusion response are achieved by altering the volume fraction and strain rate sensitivity of the component materials. The analysis of extrusion is extended to interpret Pearson and Smythe''s 1931 data on extrusion of lead, tin and cadmium. These data are also shown to be well characterized by a diffusion-controlled dislocation creep process. Coefficients of friction for extrusion were determined for these three metals. These results, together with those for the UHCSs and NiAl, indicate that the friction coefficient is a function of the flow stress of the metal during extrusion, increasing in value as the flow stress decreases. It is proposed that this trend is principally related to microstructural changes that are unique to the process of extrusion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - CARBON steel
KW  - LAMINATED materials
KW  - A. Creep
KW  - A. Strengthening mechanisms
KW  - A. Thermomechanical processing
KW  - B. Constitutive behavior
KW  - B. Layered material
KW  - Coefficient of friction
KW  - Extrusion
N1  - Accession Number: 7744037; Lesuer, D.R. 1 Syn, C.K. 1; Email Address: syn1@llnl.gov Whittenberger, J.D. 2 Sherby, O.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44135, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p155; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: CARBON steel; Subject Term: LAMINATED materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Strengthening mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Thermomechanical processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Constitutive behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Layered material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coefficient of friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extrusion; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
AU  - Baskes, M.I.
AU  - Godfrey, A.
AU  - Hughes, D.A.
T1  - A large deformation atomistic study examining crystal orientation effects on the stress–strain relationship
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
SN  - 07496419
AB  - We performed large deformation molecular dynamics calculations using the embedded atom method in order to examine yield and plastic flow of single crystal nickel. A parametric study using an analysis of variance technique was used to efficiently determine the influence of the deformation path, temperature, size scale, strain rate, and crystal lattice orientation with respect to yield and the plastic energy. The analysis of variance study revealed that orientation had a primary influence on the volume averaged shear stress, demonstrating the continued importance of slip within the crystal lattice for small sized metals and high applied strain rates. Consequently, other orientations were examined with a focus on averaged shear stress, axial stresses, and stress distributions. Results are presented for crystals oriented for single, double, quadruple, and octal slip, as well as a pseudopolycrystal. One last interesting point is that orientation effects on the stress-strain curves could be only approximately normalized by application of the Schmid factor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - A. Constitutive behavior
KW  - A. Dislocations
KW  - B. Finite strain
KW  - Crystal orientation
KW  - Molecular dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 7744040; Horstemeyer, M.F. 1; Email Address: mfhorst@sandia.gov Baskes, M.I. 1 Godfrey, A. 1 Hughes, D.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Materials and Engineering Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p203; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Constitutive behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Finite strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal orientation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunkers, Joy P.
AU  - Sanders, Daniel P.
AU  - Hunston, Donald L.
AU  - Everett, Matthew J.
AU  - Green, William H.
T1  - COMPARISON OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY, AND CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY RESULTS FROM AN IMPACT DAMAGED EPOXY/E-GLASS COMPOSITE.
JO  - Journal of Adhesion
JF  - Journal of Adhesion
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 154
SN  - 00218464
AB  - Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technique for imaging of synthetic materials. OCT is attractive because it combines high sensitivity (>90 dB), high resolution (5 µm to 20 µm), and low cost, approximately US $75 k. The value of any new technology is evaluated by how well it compares with existing methods. In this work, impact damage of an epoxy/E-glass composite is imaged using OCT, and the results were compared with micro-focus X-ray computed tomography. This technique is a good benchmark to compare with OCT because both techniques have the ability to locate features precisely and have comparable resolutions. OCT is considered to be a confocal technique so it was also compared to laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Contrast mechanisms, sensitivity, resolution, depth of penetration, and artifacts among the techniques are compared and contrasted. Also, impact damage features revealed using OCT are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Adhesion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONFOCAL microscopy
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - EPOXY coatings
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GLASS
KW  - Composites
KW  - Confocal microscopy
KW  - Damage
KW  - Optical coherence tomography
KW  - X-ray computed tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 11548683; Dunkers, Joy P. 1; Email Address: joy.dunkers@nist.gov Sanders, Daniel P. 1 Hunston, Donald L. 1 Everett, Matthew J. 2 Green, William H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Polymer Composites Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA  2: Medical Technology Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore,  California, USA  3: US Army Research Laboratory, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 78 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: CONFOCAL microscopy; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: EPOXY coatings; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GLASS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Confocal microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical coherence tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray computed tomography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 12 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rho, J.Y.
AU  - Zioupos, P.
AU  - Currey, J.D.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
T1  - Microstructural elasticity and regional heterogeneity in human femoral bone of various ages examined by nano-indentation
JO  - Journal of Biomechanics
JF  - Journal of Biomechanics
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 00219290
AB  - The elastic modulus and hardness of secondary osteonal and interstitial bone was examined through the thickness of the cortex of human femora of various ages by nano-indentation. There was a clear difference between the stiffness and hardness of secondary osteonal and interstitial bone, the latter being stiffer (<f>F1,48=56.0</f>, <f>P<0.001</f>). There were some differences between the bones of different subjects; however, there were no differences that could be reliably associated with the chronological age of the subject, or with differences in location through the thickness of the cortex (<f>F2,48=0.21</f>, <f>P=0.810</f>). Previous studies have been equivocal in relating changes in the macroscopic ‘composite’ material stiffness of bone to the age of the individual. By combining the results of the nano-tests with histological measures, we were able to produce a good relationship of the microstructural properties at the matrix level with the bending modulus of whole bone (<f>R2=0.88</f>, <f>P<0.001</f>) and this improved further by taking into account the age of the individual (<f>R2=0.94</f>, <f>P<0.001</f>). Our results suggest that using differences in the volumetric proportions of secondary osteons versus interstitial bone, and the properties of these elements/structures in isolation may be a more accurate method of determining differences in elastic modulus of whole bone between individuals of various ages. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biomechanics is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FEMUR
KW  - BONE -- Physiology
KW  - Age
KW  - Interstitial bone
KW  - Nano-indentation
KW  - Secondary osteons
N1  - Accession Number: 8617477; Rho, J.Y. 1 Zioupos, P. 2; Email Address: zioupos@rmcs.cranfield.ac.uk Currey, J.D. 3 Pharr, G.M. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA  2: Department of Materials and Medical Sciences, Cranfield University, Shrivenham SN6 8LA, UK  3: Department of Biology, University of York, P.O. Box 373, York YO10 5YW, UK  4: Department of Material Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA  5: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p189; Subject Term: FEMUR; Subject Term: BONE -- Physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Age; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interstitial bone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano-indentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary osteons; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morss, Lester R.
T1  - Ternary oxides of the actinides with alkali and alkaline earth elements: stability and acid–base relationships
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Enthalpies of formation of many ternary uranium oxides were determined by solution calorimetry by O’Hare, Cordfunke, and others between 1967 and 1988. These authors achieved accurate results by using pure starting materials, synthesizing nearly phase-pure crystalline products, developing appropriate thermochemical cycles, and controlling calorimetric conditions. Their studies provided a foundation for subsequent calorimetric studies of ternary lanthanide and actinide oxides with alkali and alkaline earth elements. These studies generated a substantial thermochemical database for the ternary oxides of transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides. In this paper, the stability of several families of ternary actinide oxides is correlated in terms of the enthalpy of reactions such as <f>AO(s)  +  BO2(s)  =  ABO3(s)</f>(AO  =  alkaline earth oxide, BO 2 =  oxide of tetravalent actinide) combined with an acidity scale for binary oxides that is based on the enthalpies of formation of the oxides. The success in correlating of enthalpies of formation of ternary actinide oxides with oxide acidities enhances the value of well-determined experimental thermochemical and structural properties of these materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TERNARY system
KW  - URANIUM compounds
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - actinide oxides
KW  - oxide basicity
KW  - oxide stability
KW  - perovskite
KW  - ternary oxides
KW  - uranium oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 7923185; Morss, Lester R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p229; Subject Term: TERNARY system; Subject Term: URANIUM compounds; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: actinide oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxide basicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxide stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: ternary oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium oxides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jcht.2001.0898
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lashley, Jason C.
AU  - Lang, Brian E.
AU  - Boerio-Goates, Juliana
AU  - Woodfield, Brian F.
AU  - Darling, Tim W.
AU  - Chu, F.
AU  - Migliori, Albert
AU  - Thoma, Dan
T1  - The heat capacity of single-crystal AuZn near the martensitic transition
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Heat capacity measurements were made on a single-crystal sample of AuZn using semi-adiabatic calorimetry from T =  0.6 K to T =  100 K. This material exhibits a continuous phase transition at 64.75 K, and analysis of the heat capacity data give values for the entropy of transition (ΔtrS) 2.02J · K − 1· mol − 1, electronic heat capacity ( γ) 0.38mJ · K − 2· mol − 1and low-temperature limiting Debye temperature (ΘD) 219 K. Mechanical tests performed at liquid helium temperatures verify that AuZn exhibits the shape memory effect. To the best of our knowledge, the martensitic transformation temperature in AuZn is the lowest observed for a shape-memory alloy and is the first to exhibit a continuous transition at a martensitic transition. We also report heat capacity measurements on a high-purity single crystal of copper to demonstrate the accuracy and precision of our low-temperature heat capacity apparatus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GOLD compounds
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - AuZn
KW  - copper
KW  - entropy
KW  - heat capacity
KW  - martensite
KW  - shape-memory alloy
KW  - specific heat
KW  - thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 7923188; Lashley, Jason C. 1 Lang, Brian E. 1 Boerio-Goates, Juliana 1 Woodfield, Brian F. 1 Darling, Tim W. 2 Chu, F. 2 Migliori, Albert 2 Thoma, Dan 2; Affiliation:  1: Brigham Young University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Provo, UT 84602, U.S.A.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p251; Subject Term: GOLD compounds; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: AuZn; Author-Supplied Keyword: copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: martensite; Author-Supplied Keyword: shape-memory alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermodynamics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jcht.2002.0899
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Pan, Lehua
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - <atl>Characterization of flow and transport processes within the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, under current and future climates
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 54
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This paper presents a large-scale modeling study characterizing fluid flow and tracer transport in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential repository site for storing high-level radioactive waste. The study has been conducted using a three-dimensional numerical model, which incorporates a wide variety of field data and takes into account the coupled processes of flow and transport in the highly heterogeneous, unsaturated fractured porous rock. The modeling approach is based on a dual-continuum formulation of coupled multiphase fluid and tracer transport through fractured porous rock. Various scenarios of current and future climate conditions and their effects on the unsaturated zone are evaluated to aid in the assessment of the proposed repository''s system performance using different conceptual models. These models are calibrated against field-measured data. Model-predicted flow and transport processes under current and future climates are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Fracture–matrix interactions and perched water
KW  - Numerical simulation
KW  - Site characterization
KW  - Surface infiltration
KW  - Unsaturated-zone flow and transport
N1  - Accession Number: 7753530; Wu, Yu-Shu; Email Address: yswu@lbl.gov; Pan, Lehua 1; Zhang, W. 1; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 54 Issue 3/4, p215; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Seepage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture–matrix interactions and perched water; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface infiltration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated-zone flow and transport; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilding, M.C.
AU  - Benmore, C.J.
AU  - McMillan, P.F.
T1  - A neutron diffraction study of yttrium- and lanthanum-aluminate glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 297
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Neutron diffraction data for three aluminate glasses have been collected for a range of scattering vector from 0.3 to <f>25 A˚−1</f>. A single phase glass, representing the high-density glass polymorph of yttrium-aluminate (AY25) composition has a structure resembling that of levitated YAG liquid. This glass has a first-neighbor Al–O distance of 1.82 A˚ and a first-shell coordination number of <f>4.16±0.21</f>. The Y–O distance is represented by a single Gaussian peak centered at 2.28 A˚ which yields a first-neighbor coordination number of <f>6.64±0.33</f>. These values indicate an increase in volume on melting of YAG solid solution. An equivalent lanthanum-aluminate glass (La25), also produced from the stable high-temperature aluminate liquid, has an Al–O distance of 1.79 A˚ and a coordination number of <f>4.55±0.23</f>. The La–O distance is increased due to an increase in ionic radius for La(III). The magnitude of this La–O peak is lower than expected and there is evidence for a second La–O distance at 2.79 A˚. The <f>T(r)</f> for the lanthanum-aluminate glass shows stronger features than the yttrium-aluminate glass at radial distances greater than 3 A˚; these suggest a higher degree of order in the lanthanum-aluminate liquid. A two-phase yttrium-aluminate (AY20) glass, which represents a partly complete transition between a high-density liquid and a lower density polymorph, has an Al–O distance of 1.81 A˚ and a mean Al–O coordination number of <f>4.38±0.22</f>. There is an increase in the Y–O radial distance on transition and also additional mid-range ordering. This mid-structure is similar to that seen in the La25 glass. The data show that rare earth aluminate liquids are dominated by a tetrahedral aluminate framework and that the liquid–liquid (transition) in the yttrium-aluminate liquids results from differences in packing among <f>AlO4</f> and Y–O polyhedra and not from a change in the mean Al–O coordination number. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALUMINATES
KW  - GLASS
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7751109; Wilding, M.C. 1; Email Address: mcwilding@ucdavis.edu Benmore, C.J. 2 McMillan, P.F. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Solid State Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK  4: The Davy–Faraday Laboratory, The Royal Institution of Great Britain, Albermarle St., London, UK; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 297 Issue 2/3, p143; Subject Term: ALUMINATES; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Byeongwon
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Corrales, L. René
T1  - Molecular dynamics simulation of <f>La2O3</f>–<f>Na2</f>O–<f>SiO2</f> glasses. I. The structural role of <f>La3+</f> cations
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 297
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 220
SN  - 00223093
AB  - It is well known that high-field strength rare-earth (RE) ions in the silicate glasses tend to cluster regardless of their concentration. Numerous experimental studies have been carried out, but the ability to discern structural information at the atomic-level strongly depends on providing accurate molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In this work, the short- and medium-range order of La ion in soda silicate glasses is investigated by MD computer simulations. The glass mixtures used in these MD simulations are the same as those of a recent NMR study. Results of this study are in excellent agreement with the NMR results. It is found that the La cation has an average co-ordination of 6.5 O atoms with an average bond length fitted to be about 0.25 nm. The La is found to behave as a network modifier, and competes with sodium for non-bridging oxygen (NBO) atoms. In addition, the extended X-ray fine structure (EXAFS) and neutron diffraction patterns are predicted from the MD simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - RARE earth ions
N1  - Accession Number: 7751116; Park, Byeongwon 1 Li, Hong Corrales, L. René; Email Address: rene.corrales@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-91, 902 Batelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 297 Issue 2/3, p220; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: RARE earth ions; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Causey, Rion A.
T1  - Hydrogen isotope retention and recycling in fusion reactor plasma-facing components
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 300
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The proper design of a fusion reactor is not possible unless there is an understanding of the hydrogen isotope retention and recycling for the plasma-facing components. From the tritium inventory point of view, it is absolutely necessary to understand the short-term and long-term hydrogen isotopes retention characteristics of the individual materials used for the first wall and divertor. From the plasma density and fueling point of view, it is necessary to understand the recycling characteristics of these materials. This report is an overview of the available data on hydrogen isotope retention and recycling for beryllium, tungsten, carbon, and selected liquid metals. For each material discussed, recommendations are made as to the most appropriate values to use for parameters such as diffusivity, solubility, recombination rate coefficient, and trapping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - TRITIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 7750901; Causey, Rion A. 1; Email Address: causey@ca.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9402, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 300 Issue 2/3, p91; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Was, G.S.
AU  - Busby, J.T.
AU  - Allen, T.
AU  - Kenik, E.A.
AU  - Jensson, A.
AU  - Bruemmer, S.M.
AU  - Gan, J.
AU  - Edwards, A.D.
AU  - Scott, P.M.
AU  - Andreson, P.L.
T1  - Emulation of neutron irradiation effects with protons: validation of principle
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 300
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
SN  - 00223115
AB  - This paper presents the results of the irradiation, characterization and irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) behavior of proton- and neutron-irradiated samples of 304SS and 316SS from the same heats. The objective of the study was to determine whether proton irradiation does indeed emulate the full range of effects of in-reactor neutron irradiation: radiation-induced segregation (RIS), irradiated microstructure, radiation hardening and IASCC susceptibility. The work focused on commercial heats of 304 stainless steel (heat B) and 316 stainless steel (heat P). Irradiation with protons was conducted at 360 <f>°</f>C to doses between 0.3 and 5.0 dpa to approximate those by neutron irradiation at 275 <f>°</f>C over the same dose range. Characterization consisted of grain boundary microchemistry, dislocation loop microstructure, hardness as well as stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of both un-irradiated and irradiated samples in oxygenated and de-oxygenated water environments at 288 <f>°</f>C. Overall, microchemistry, microstructure, hardening and SCC behavior of proton- and neutron-irradiated samples were in excellent agreement. RIS analysis showed that in both heats and for both irradiating particles, the pre-existing grain boundary Cr enrichment transformed into a `W'' shaped profile at 1.0 dpa and then into a `V'' shaped profile between 3.0 and 5.0 dpa. Grain boundary segregation of Cr, Ni, Si, and Mo all followed the same trends and agreed well in magnitude. The microstructure of both proton- and neutron-irradiated samples was dominated by small, faulted dislocation loops. Loop size distributions were nearly identical in both heats over a range of doses. Saturated loop size following neutron irradiation was about 30% larger than that following proton irradiation. Loop density increased with dose through 5.0 dpa for both particle irradiations and was a factor of 3 greater in neutron-irradiated samples vs. proton-irradiated samples. Grain boundary denuded zones were only observed in neutron-irradiated samples. No cavities were observed for either irradiating particle. For both irradiating particles, hardening increased with dose for both heats, showing a more rapid increase and approach to saturation for heat B. In normal oxygenated water chemistry (NWC) at 288 <f>°</f>C, stress corrosion cracking in the 304 alloy was first observed at about 1.0 dpa and increased with dose. The 316 alloy was remarkably resistant to IASCC for both particle types. In hydrogen treated, de-oxygenated water (HWC), proton-irradiated samples of the 304 alloy exhibited IG cracking at 1.0 dpa compared to about 3.0 dpa for neutron-irradiated samples, although differences in specimen geometry, test condition and test duration can account for this difference. Cracking in heat P in HWC occurred at about 5.0 dpa for both irradiating particles. Thus, in all aspects of radiation effects, including grain boundary microchemistry, dislocation loop microstructure, radiation hardening and SCC behavior, proton-irradiation results were in good agreement with neutron-irradiation results, providing validation of the premise that the totality of neutron-irradiation effects can be emulated by proton irradiation of appropriate energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
N1  - Accession Number: 7750909; Was, G.S. 1; Email Address: gsw@umich.edu Busby, J.T. 1 Allen, T. 2 Kenik, E.A. 3 Jensson, A. 4 Bruemmer, S.M. 5 Gan, J. 5 Edwards, A.D. 5 Scott, P.M. 6 Andreson, P.L. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, 1921 Cooley Building, 2355 Bonisteel Boulevard, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory–West, PO Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Studsvik Nuclear AM, SE-611 82 Nyköping, Sweden  5: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1 Batelle Boulevard, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  6: Framatome, Tour Framatome, 92084 Paris La Défense cedex, France  7: General Electric Corporate Research and Development, One Research Circle, Bldg K-1 3A39, Schenectady, NY 12309, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 300 Issue 2/3, p198; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meldrum, A.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Ewing, R.C.
T1  - Amorphization and recrystallization of the ABO<f>3</f> oxides
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 300
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Single crystals of the ABO<f>3</f> phases CaTiO<f>3</f>, SrTiO<f>3</f>, BaTiO<f>3</f>, LiNbO<f>3</f>, KNbO<f>3</f>, LiTaO<f>3</f>, and KTaO<f>3</f> were irradiated by 800 keV Kr<f>+</f>, Xe<f>+</f>, or Ne<f>+</f> ions over the temperature range from 20 to 1100 K. The critical amorphization temperature, <f>Tc</f>, above which radiation-induced amorphization does not occur varied from approximately <f>∼</f>450 K for the titanate compositions to more than 850 K for the tantalates. While the absolute ranking of increasing critical amorphization temperatures could not be explained by any simple physical parameter associated with the ABO<f>3</f> oxides, within each chemical group defined by the B-site cation (i.e., within the titanates, niobates, and tantalates), <f>Tc</f> tends to increase with increasing mass of the A-site cation. <f>Tc</f> was lower for the Ne<f>+</f> irradiations as compared to Kr<f>+</f>, but it was approximately the same for the irradiations with Kr<f>+</f> or Xe<f>+</f>. Thermal recrystallization experiments were performed on the ion-beam-amorphized thin sections in situ in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). In the high vacuum environment of the microscope, the titanates recrystallized epitaxially from the thick areas of the TEM specimens at temperatures of 800–850 K. The niobates and tantalates did not recrystallize epitaxially, but instead, new crystals nucleated and grew in the amorphous region in the temperature range 825–925 K. These new crystallites apparently retain some `memory'' of the original crystal orientation prior to ion-beam amorphization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - TANTALATES
N1  - Accession Number: 7750913; Meldrum, A. 1; Email Address: ameldrum@ualberta.ca Boatner, L.A. 2 Weber, W.J. 3 Ewing, R.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2J1  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 300 Issue 2/3, p242; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: TITANATES; Subject Term: TANTALATES; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertz, K.L.
AU  - Causey, R.A.
AU  - Cowgill, D.F.
T1  - The effect of coatings on deuterium retention and permeation in aluminum 6061-T6 APT tritium production tubes
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 300
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The accelerator production of tritium project will utilize spallation neutrons incident on thousands of <f>3</f>He gas filled metal tubes to produce tritium by way of the exothermic <f>3</f>He(n,p)<f>3</f>H reaction. Tritons with energies up to 192 keV and protons with energies up to 576 keV are directly implanted into the tube walls. To minimize tritium retention in the tubes and permeation into the coolant surrounding the tubes, it is desirable to have the implanted tritium migrate back to the inner surface of the tubes and rapidly recombine to be released as T<f>2</f> and HT. Aluminum alloy (Al 6061-T6) is the primary candidate material for fabrication of the tubes. Aluminum alloy samples implanted with deuterons and protons to fluences as high as <f>3×1022</f> D (and p)/m<f>2</f> were studied. Deuterium retention was measured by mass spectrometry during thermal desorption. Approximately 10% of the implanted deuterium was retained. Copper, nickel and anodized coatings on aluminum alloy were studied as possible methods of reducing retention and permeation of the tritium. In these experiments, the Cu and Ni coatings reduced the retention significantly, whereas retention increased in the anodized coated sample. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - TRITONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7750914; Hertz, K.L.; Email Address: klhertz@sandia.gov Causey, R.A. 1 Cowgill, D.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9402, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 300 Issue 2/3, p255; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: TRITONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kugel, H.W.
AU  - Maingi, R.
AU  - Wampler, W.
AU  - Barry, R.E.
AU  - Bell, M.
AU  - Blanchard, W.
AU  - Gates, D.
AU  - Johnson, D.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Kaye, S.
AU  - Maqueda, R.
AU  - Menard, J.
AU  - Menon, M.M.
AU  - Mueller, D.
AU  - Ono, M.
AU  - Paoletti, F.
AU  - Paul, S.
AU  - Peng, Y-K.M.
AU  - Raman, R.
AU  - Roquemore, A.
T1  - Erratum to `Overview of impurity control and wall conditioning in NSTX' [J. Nucl. Mater. 290–293 (2001) 1185–1189]
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 300
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 278
SN  - 00223115
N1  - Accession Number: 7750919; Kugel, H.W. 1; Email Address: hkugel@pppl.gov Maingi, R. 2 Wampler, W. 3 Barry, R.E. 2 Bell, M. 1 Blanchard, W. 1 Gates, D. 1 Johnson, D. 1 Kaita, R. 1 Kaye, S. 1 Maqueda, R. 4 Menard, J. 1 Menon, M.M. 2 Mueller, D. 1 Ono, M. 1 Paoletti, F. 5 Paul, S. 1 Peng, Y-K.M. 2 Raman, R. 6 Roquemore, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  6: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 300 Issue 2/3, p278; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shyamala, G.
AU  - Chou, Y.-C.
AU  - Louie, S.G.
AU  - Guzman, R.C.
AU  - Smith, G.H.
AU  - Nandi, S.
T1  - Cellular expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in mammary glands: regulation by hormones, development and aging
JO  - Journal of Steroid Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Steroid Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 80
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 09600760
AB  - At present, there is an extensive body of literature documenting the participation of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in mammary gene expression. Yet, the precise roles of these receptors in regulating mammary development, carcinogenesis and the growth of a subset of tumors still remain unclear. Mammary glands are composed of various cell types with different developmental potentials. Further, ultimately, that it is their mutual interactions which dictate the behavior of mammary epithelial cells. Therefore, to resolve the roles of ER and PR in normal mammary growth, differentiation and carcinogenesis, analyses for the expression of these receptors at the level of individual cell types is of paramount importance. Accordingly, in the present studies using immunolocalization techniques, we document the ontogeny and cellular distribution of ER and PR during mammary development and in response to ovarian hormones and aging. In addition, we discuss the potential biological significances of the expression patterns of ER and PR during various physiological states. We believe that the observations reported here should provide a conceptual framework(s) for elucidating the roles of ER and PR in normal and neoplastic mammary tissues. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Steroid Biochemistry & Molecular Biology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTROGEN receptors
KW  - PROGESTERONE receptors
KW  - MAMMARY glands
KW  - Estrogen receptors
KW  - Mammary glands
KW  - Progesterone receptors
N1  - Accession Number: 7764317; Shyamala, G. 1; Email Address: shyamala_harris@lbl.gov Chou, Y.-C. 1 Louie, S.G. 1 Guzman, R.C. 2 Smith, G.H. 3 Nandi, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Mammary Biology Program, BRL, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 80 Issue 2, p137; Subject Term: ESTROGEN receptors; Subject Term: PROGESTERONE receptors; Subject Term: MAMMARY glands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Estrogen receptors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mammary glands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Progesterone receptors; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, R. F.
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
T1  - Ozone, Acid Deposition,and Mycorrhization Effectson Loblolly Pine and White Oak: I. Above- and Below-Ground Growthand Development.
JO  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
JF  - Journal of Sustainable Forestry
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10549811
AB  - Above- and below-groud responses of juvenile loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and white oak (Quercus alba L.) to tropospheric ozone (0.0, 0.06, and 0.12 µL L1 O3), acid precipitation (pH 4.8, 4.2, and 3.6), and induced ectomycorrhizal colonization (Pisolithus tinctorius [Pers.] Coker & Couch vs. natural mycobiont). alone and in combination, were examined. After 30 weeks, the filtered air treatment (ozone 0.0) reduced foliar injury but also produced smaller stem diameters, lower total foliage and total shoot dry weights, decreased needle density and shorter root systems in inoculated pine, growth responses not found in uninocultated pine. Height growth of inoculated oak was increased by the filtered air treatment while leaf density was reduced by 0.12 µL L1 O3, results also not found in uninoculated oak. Ectomycorrhizal colonization percentages in pine decreased with increasing O3 concentration regardless of mycorrhizal treatment, and the filtered air treatment produced the highest infection percentages in inoculated oak as well. Rains of pH 4.2 stimulated hwight growth in inoculated pine while diameter decreased in inoculated oak but increased in uninoculated oak with declining pH. Also, pH 4.2 rainfall increased root weight in inoculated oak while that of pH 4.8 reduced foliar injury but also shoot weight in oak regardless of mycorrhizal treatment. Generally, the mycorrhization response to increasing rainfall acidity was reduced colonization. Independent of the other treatments, inoculation produced a substantial increase in above- and below-ground growth of both pine and oak, and also increased foliage density but reduced specific root length in each species. Overall, these results indicate that the growth responses to O3 and acid deposition of loblolly pine and white oak are strongly influenced by mycorrhization, but that the magnitude of these responses is exceeded by those to mycorrhization alone. However, the propensity revealed here for both O3 and acid precipitation to suppress mycorrhizal colonization in these two species may indicate the potential for a gradual reduction in long-term forest productivity in the southeastern United States. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sustainable Forestry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Acid deposition
KW  - Mycorrhizas
KW  - Pine
KW  - Forest productivity
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - White oak
KW  - United States
KW  - foliar injury
KW  - acid deposition
KW  - ectomycorrhizae
KW  - foliar injury
KW  - loblolly pine
KW  - Pinus taeda
KW  - Quercus alba
KW  - Quercusalba
KW  - seedling development
KW  - white oak
N1  - Accession Number: 27646336; Walker, R. F. 1; Email Address: walker@ers.unr.edu; McLaughlin, S. B. 2; Affiliations: 1: Associate Professor, University of Nevada, Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV 89512 USA.; 2: Senior Research Scientist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1059, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 14 Issue 2/3, p31; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Acid deposition; Thesaurus Term: Mycorrhizas; Thesaurus Term: Pine; Thesaurus Term: Forest productivity; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Subject Term: White oak; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: foliar injury; Author-Supplied Keyword: acid deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: ectomycorrhizae; Author-Supplied Keyword: foliar injury; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus taeda; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus alba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercusalba; Author-Supplied Keyword: seedling development; Author-Supplied Keyword: white oak; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Gorse Jr., Robert A.
AU  - Bailey, Brent K.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-world Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Eleventh Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emission Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 52
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Presents a summary of Eleventh Coordinating Research Council on "Road Vehicle Emission Workshop". Contribution of mobile sources to ambient air quality and emission inventories; Methods to evaluate the role of mobile sources on air quality.
KW  - Automobile emissions
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Research
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Inventories
N1  - Accession Number: 12581564; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Gorse Jr., Robert A. 2; Bailey, Brent K. 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Affiliations: 1: General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan.; 2: Ford Motor Company, Allen Park, Michigan.; 3: Coordinating Research Council, Alpharetta, Georgia.; 4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado.; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Automobile emissions; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Research; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Inventories; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kertesz, Vilmos
AU  - Van Berkel, Gary J.
T1  - Surface-assisted reduction of aniline oligomers, N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediimine and thionin in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and atmospheric pressure photoionization
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Reduction of the oligomers formed from on-line electropolymerization of aniline, the compound N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediimine, and the thiazine dye thionin was observed in both an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and an atmospheric pressure photoionization source. The reduction, which alters the mass of these analytes by 2 Da, was shown to occur by means of a surface-assisted process which involves reactive species, possibly hydrogen radicals, generated from protic solvents in the ionization plasma. Reduction was minimized by limiting protic solvents, by using a high heated nebulizer temperature, and by using a clean, heated nebulizer probe liner. The expected generality of this reduction process, and the possibility of similar reduction processes in other plasma ionization sources are discussed in relation to the use of these ion sources for on-line electrochemistry/mass spectrometry experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - ANILINE
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12379768; Kertesz, Vilmos 1 Van Berkel, Gary J. 1; Email Address: macasoft@matavnet.hu; Affiliation:  1: Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p109; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: ANILINE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harkewicz, Richard
AU  - Belov, Mikhail E.
AU  - Anderson, Gordon A.
AU  - Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana
AU  - Masselon, Christophe D.
AU  - Prior, David C.
AU  - Udseth, Harold R.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - ESI-FTICR mass spectrometry employing data-dependent external ion selection and accumulation
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Data-dependent external m/z selection and accumulation of ions is demonstrated in use with ESI-FTICR instrumentation, with two different methods for ion selection being explored. One method uses RF/DC quadrupole filtering and is described in use with an 11.5 tesla (T) FTICR instrument, while the second method employs RF-only resonance dipolar excitation selection and is described in use with a 3.5 T FTICR instrument. In both methods ions are data-dependently selected on the fly in a linear quadrupole ion guide, then accumulated in a second linear RF-only quadrupole trap that immediately follows. A major benefit of ion preselection prior to external accumulation is the enhancement of ion populations for low-level species. This development is expected to expand the dynamic range and sensitivity of FTICR for applications including analysis of complex polypeptide mixtures (e.g., proteomics). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - SPECTRAL sensitivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12379772; Harkewicz, Richard 1 Belov, Mikhail E. 1 Anderson, Gordon A. 1 Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana 1 Masselon, Christophe D. 1 Prior, David C. 1 Udseth, Harold R. 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: rd_smith@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland Washington, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p144; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: SPECTRAL sensitivity; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Godfrey, A.
AU  - Hughes, D.A.
T1  - Determination of boundary area and spacing in prismatic structures with applications to dislocation boundaries
JO  - Materials Characterization
JF  - Materials Characterization
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 10445803
AB  - An analysis is presented for the determination of boundary area per unit volume (SV) for structures that can be idealized as two-dimensional prismatic foams. An important application for this analysis is in the determination of SV for one class of dislocation boundary observed following deformation to high strains. Assuming a complete uniformly random distribution of inclination angles for these dislocation walls SV=πNL/2, where NL is the number of intercepts per unit length along a line perpendicular to the wall traces, in any plane perpendicular to the prism basal plane. Analyses of the inclination angle distribution from both measurements of projected boundary widths and from spacing measurements in two perpendicular sections show that while the assumption of a complete uniformly random distribution is an approximation, the error introduced by making this assumption is small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Characterization is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOAM
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - Cold working
KW  - Dislocation boundaries
KW  - Stereology
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 7845469; Godfrey, A. 1; Email Address: awgodfrey@bigfoot.com Hughes, D.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Mechanics, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p89; Subject Term: FOAM; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cold working; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stereology; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Findlay, S.
AU  - Tank, J.
AU  - Dye, S.
AU  - Valett, H. M.
AU  - Mulholland, P. J.
AU  - McDowell, W. H.
AU  - Johnson, S. L.
AU  - Hamilton, S. K.
AU  - Edmonds, J.
AU  - Dodds, W. K.
AU  - Bowden, W. B.
T1  - A Cross-System Comparison of Bacterial and Fungal Biomass in Detritus Pools of Headwater Streams.
JO  - Microbial Ecology
JF  - Microbial Ecology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 66
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00953628
AB  - The absolute amount of microbial biomass and relative contribution of fungi and bacteria are expected to vary among types of organic matter (OM) within a stream and will vary among streams because of differences in organic matter quality and quantity. Common types of benthic detritus [leaves, small wood, and fine benthic organic matter (FBOM)] were sampled in 9 small (1st–3rd order) streams selected to represent a range of important controlling factors such as surrounding vegetation, detritus standing stocks, and water chemistry. Direct counts of bacteria and measurements of ergosterol (a fungal sterol) were used to describe variation in bacterial and fungal biomass. There were significant differences in bacterial abundance among types of organic matter with higher densities per unit mass of organic matter on fine particles relative to either leaves or wood surfaces. In contrast, ergosterol concentrations were significantly greater on leaves and wood, confirming the predominance of fungal biomass in these larger size classes. In general, bacterial abundance per unit organic matter was less variable than fungal biomass, suggesting bacteria will be a more predictable component of stream microbial communities. For 7 of the 9 streams, the standing stock of fine benthic organic matter was large enough that habitat-weighted reach-scale bacterial biomass was equal to or greater than fungal biomass. The quantities of leaves and small wood varied among streams such that the relative contribution of reach-scale fungal biomass ranged from 10% to as much as 90% of microbial biomass. Ergosterol concentrations were positively associated with substrate C:N ratio while bacterial abundance was negatively correlated with C:N. Both these relationships are confounded by particle size, i.e., leaves and wood had higher C:N than fine benthic organic matter. There was a weak positive relationship between bacterial abundance and streamwater soluble reactive phosphorus concentration, but no apparent pattern between either bacteria or fungi and streamwater dissolved inorganic nitrogen. The variation in microbial biomass per unit organic matter and the relative abundance of different types of organic matter contributed equally to driving differences in total microbial biomass at the reach scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbial Ecology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Detritus
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Ergosterol
N1  - Accession Number: 15253748; Findlay, S. 1; Email Address: lays@ecostudies.org; Tank, J. 2; Dye, S. 1; Valett, H. M. 3; Mulholland, P. J. 4; McDowell, W. H. 5; Johnson, S. L. 6; Hamilton, S. K. 7; Edmonds, J. 8; Dodds, W. K. 9; Bowden, W. B. 10; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, 65 Sharon Turnpike, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA; 2: Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; 3: Department of Biology, VPISU, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 5: Department of Natural Resources, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA; 6: Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; 7: Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA; 8: Department of Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; 9: Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; 10: Landcare Research, Lincoln 8152, New Zealand; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p55; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Detritus; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus; Subject Term: Ergosterol; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00248-001-1020-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Ki-Hwan
AU  - Park, Jong-Man
AU  - Kim, Chang-Kyu
AU  - Hofman, Gerard L.
AU  - Meyer, Mitch K.
T1  - Irradiation behavior of atomized U–10wt.% Mo alloy aluminum matrix dispersion fuel meat at low temperature
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 211
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 00295493
AB  - In order to examine the in-reactor behavior of very-high-density dispersion fuels for high flux performance research reactors, U–10wt.% Mo alloy dispersions in an aluminum matrix have been irradiated at low temperature in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR). The alloy fuel dispersant was produced by a centrifugal atomization process. The fuel shows stable in-reactor irradiation behavior to a fission density of 5×1027 m−3 at an irradiation temperature of ∼65 °C. The fuel–matrix interaction layer growth rate is similar to that observed in uranium-silicide fuels. The fuel particles have a fine and a relatively narrow fission gas bubble size distribution. There appears to be features in the microstrucure that are the result of segregation of the microstructure in to molybdenum rich and depleted regions on solidification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM as fuel
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 7750886; Kim, Ki-Hwan 1; Email Address: khkim2@kaeri.re.kr Park, Jong-Man 1 Kim, Chang-Kyu 1 Hofman, Gerard L. 2 Meyer, Mitch K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Research Reactor Fuel Development Project, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 150 Deogjin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, South Korea  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, PO Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 211 Issue 2/3, p229; Subject Term: URANIUM as fuel; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lebedev, A.
T1  - A laser calibration system for the STAR TPC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 478
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is the primary tracking detector for the STAR experiment at RHIC. A laser calibration system was built to calibrate and monitor the TPC tracking performance. The laser system uses a novel design which produces <f>&ap;500</f> thin, ionizing beams distributed throughout the tracking volume. This new approach is significantly simpler than the traditional ones, and provides complete TPC coverage at a reduced cost. The laser system was used during the RHIC 2000 summer run to measure drift velocities with about 0.02% accuracy and to monitor the TPC performance. Calibration runs were made with and without a magnetic field to check B field map corrections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Laser
KW  - Tracking detector
N1  - Accession Number: 7775642; Lebedev, A. 1; Email Address: alebedev@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 478 Issue 1/2, p163; Subject Term: TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LASERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking detector; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, J.H.
T1  - A TPC for measuring high multiplicity events at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 478
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ran for the first time in the summer of 2000 with Au beams circulating at <f>√ of <RCD>S</RCD>NN=130</f> GeV and at approximately 10% of the machine''s final design luminosity. We gathered data with the STAR Time Projection Chamber for 2 months and recorded events over a wide dynamic range of particle momenta and multiplicities. We reconstructed tracks with momenta from as low as 100 MeV/<f>c</f> to above 3 GeV/<f>c</f>, and we observed collisions with multiplicities ranging from 1 or 2 tracks per event in ultraperipheral collisions to 3000 tracks per event in central collisions. I will report on the design and performance of the STAR TPC in this demanding environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Spectrometer
KW  - Time project chamber
KW  - TPC
KW  - Tracking
N1  - Accession Number: 7775643; Thomas, J.H. 1; Email Address: jhthomas@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 478 Issue 1/2, p166; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time project chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: TPC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Decowski, M.P.
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Baker, M.D.
AU  - Barton, D.S.
AU  - Betts, R.R.
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Budzanowski, A.
AU  - Busza, W.
AU  - Carroll, A.
AU  - Garcia, E.
AU  - George, N.
AU  - Gulbrandsen, K.
AU  - Gushue, S.
AU  - Halliwell, C.
AU  - Hamblen, J.
AU  - Heintzelman, G.A.
AU  - Henderson, C.
AU  - Holyński, R.
AU  - Hofman, D.J.
AU  - Holzman, B.
T1  - Performance of the PHOBOS silicon sensors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 478
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The PHOBOS detector is designed to study the physics of Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The detector is almost entirely made of silicon pad detectors and was fully operational during the first year of operation. The detector is described, and key performance characteristics are summarized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - Heavy ion collision
KW  - RHIC
KW  - Silicon pad detector
KW  - Silicon signal
N1  - Accession Number: 7775672; Decowski, M.P. 1; Email Address: decowski@mit.edu Back, B.B. 2 Baker, M.D. 3 Barton, D.S. 3 Betts, R.R. 2,4 Bindel, R. 5 Budzanowski, A. 6 Busza, W. 1 Carroll, A. 3 Garcia, E. 5 George, N. 2 Gulbrandsen, K. 1 Gushue, S. 3 Halliwell, C. 4 Hamblen, J. 7 Heintzelman, G.A. 3 Henderson, C. 1 Holyński, R. 6 Hofman, D.J. 4 Holzman, B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  3: Chemistry and Collider-Accelerator Departments, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA  5: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  6: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland  7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 478 Issue 1/2, p299; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion collision; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon pad detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon signal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Beuttenmuller, R.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Elliott, D.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Takahashi, J.
AU  - Zhang, W.C.
T1  - Novel prototype Si detector development and processing at BNL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 478
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A variety of Si detectors have been developed and processed at BNL with its unique detector fabrication facility. These detectors include Si drift detectors (SDD); Si micro- and mm-strip detectors; Si pad detectors; and Si pixel detectors with a variety of configurations. In this paper, the details of the design and processing technology of large area SDD for the STAR SVT at RHIC, micro- and mm-strip detectors for CERN RD39/NA60 experiments; and radiation tolerant n/n, n/p pixel detectors for LHC experiments will be given. In addition, simulation results of new types of Si strip/pixel detectors with improved radiation tolerance will be presented for the first time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - RADIATION tolerance
KW  - Detector processing
KW  - Detector simulation
KW  - Microstrip detector
KW  - Pixel detector
KW  - Radiation tolerance/hardness
KW  - Si detectors
KW  - Si drift detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 7775673; Li, Z.; Email Address: zhengl@bnl.bov Beuttenmuller, R. 1 Chen, W. 1 Elliott, D. 1 Radeka, V. 1 Takahashi, J. 1 Zhang, W.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 535B, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 478 Issue 1/2, p303; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: RADIATION tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstrip detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation tolerance/hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si drift detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Casagrande, L.
AU  - Abreu, M.C.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - De Falco, A.
AU  - Dezillie, B.
AU  - Granata, V.
AU  - Heijne, E.
AU  - Hess, M.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Lourenco, C.
AU  - Neves, A.
AU  - Niinikoski, T.O.
AU  - Palmieri, V.G.
AU  - Pes, B.
AU  - Ramalhete, P.
AU  - Rato Mendes, P.
AU  - Rosinsky, P.
AU  - Ruggiero, G.
AU  - Seixas, J.
AU  - Sonderegger, P.
T1  - A new ultra radiation hard cryogenic silicon tracker for heavy ion beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 478
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We have designed and built a new hodoscope for heavy ion beams consisting of two tracking stations equipped with silicon microstrip detectors operated at 130 K. Preliminary results from tests performed in the high intensity CERN-SPS Pb ion beam show that we were able to detect and identify each incoming ion up to a beam intensity of <f>∼107</f> ions/s. The beam profile could be monitored on-line with 50 <f>μ</f>m resolution. The detector performed satisfactory even after a dose of 90<f>±</f>40 Grad. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - STRIP transmission lines
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Cryogenic silicon detectors
KW  - Heavy ions
N1  - Accession Number: 7775677; Casagrande, L. 1; Email Address: luca.casagrande@cern.ch Abreu, M.C. 2 Borer, K. 3 De Falco, A. 4 Dezillie, B. 5 Granata, V. 1 Heijne, E. 1 Hess, M. 3 Li, Z. 5 Lourenco, C. 1 Neves, A. 6 Niinikoski, T.O. 1 Palmieri, V.G. 1 Pes, B. 4 Ramalhete, P. 6 Rato Mendes, P. 2 Rosinsky, P. 7 Ruggiero, G. 1 Seixas, J. 6 Sonderegger, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: CERN, EP division, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland  2: LIP, Faro, Portugal  3: LHEP, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland  4: Università e INFN di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, USA  6: IST, Lisbon, Portugal  7: Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 478 Issue 1/2, p325; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: STRIP transmission lines; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic silicon detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fernandes, L.M.P.
AU  - Lopes, J.A.M.
AU  - Monteiro, C.M.B.
AU  - dos Santos, J.M.F.
AU  - Morgado, R.E.
T1  - Non-linear behaviour of large-area avalanche photodiodes
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 478
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The characterisation of photodiodes used as photosensors requires a determination of the number of electron–hole pairs produced by scintillation light. One method involves comparing signals produced by X-ray absorptions occurring directly in the avalanche photodiode with the light signals. When the light is derived from light-emitting diodes in the 400–600 nm range, significant non-linear behaviour is reported. In the present work, we extend the study of the linear behaviour to large-area avalanche photodiodes, of Advanced Photonix, used as photosensors of the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) scintillation light produced by argon (128 nm) and xenon (173 nm). We observed greater non-linearities in the avalanche photodiodes for the VUV scintillation light than reported previously for visible light, but considerably less than the non-linearities observed in other commercially available avalanche photodiodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTODIODES
KW  - SCINTILLATION counters
KW  - AVALANCHE diodes
KW  - Avalanche photodiodes
KW  - Scintillation detectors
KW  - X-ray detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 7775692; Fernandes, L.M.P. 1 Lopes, J.A.M. 1 Monteiro, C.M.B. 1 dos Santos, J.M.F. 1 Morgado, R.E. 2; Email Address: rmorgado@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Coimbra, P-3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 478 Issue 1/2, p395; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Subject Term: SCINTILLATION counters; Subject Term: AVALANCHE diodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Avalanche photodiodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fried, J.
AU  - Harder, J.A.
AU  - Mahler, G.J.
AU  - Makowiecki, D.S.
AU  - Mead, J.A.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Schaknowski, N.A.
AU  - Smith, G.C.
AU  - Yu, B.
T1  - A large, high performance, curved 2D position-sensitive neutron detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 478
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new position-sensitive neutron detector has been designed and constructed for a protein crystallography station at LANL's pulsed neutron source. This station will be one of the most advanced instruments at a major neutron user facility for protein crystallography, fiber and membrane diffraction. The detector, based on neutron absorption in <f>3He</f>, has a large sensitive area of <f>3000 cm2</f>, angular coverage of <f>120°</f>, timing resolution of <f>1 μs</f>, rate capability in excess of <f>106 s−1</f>, position resolution of about <f>1.5 mm</f> FWHM, and efficiency <f>>50%</f> for neutrons of interest in the range 1–<f>10 A˚</f>. Features that are key to these remarkable specifications are the utilization of eight independently operating segments within a single gas volume, fabrication of the detector vessel and internal segments with a radius of curvature of about <f>70 cm</f>, optimized position readout based on charge division and signal shaping with gated baseline restoration, and engineering design with high-strength aluminum alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - Interpolating readout
KW  - MWPC
KW  - Neutron detector
KW  - Position sensitive
KW  - Protein crystallography
N1  - Accession Number: 7775696; Fried, J. 1 Harder, J.A. 1 Mahler, G.J. 1 Makowiecki, D.S. 1 Mead, J.A. 1 Radeka, V. 1 Schaknowski, N.A. 1 Smith, G.C. 1 Yu, B.; Email Address: yu@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Instrumentation Division, Building 535B, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 478 Issue 1/2, p415; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interpolating readout; Author-Supplied Keyword: MWPC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position sensitive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein crystallography; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saito, N.
T1  - Spin physics program at RHIC: the first polarized-proton collider
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 105
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Polarized pp collisions at high energy will provide a unique opportunity to study the spin structure of the nucleon and the symmetries in nature. The physics program with polarized beams at RHIC is overviewed with the expected sensitivities and the successful commissioning of the first polarized proton beam at RHIC is reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7762620; Saito, N. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 105 Issue 1-3, p47; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grosse Perdekamp, M.
T1  - Future transversity measurements: experimental aspects
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 105
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Recent experimental results from the HERMES collaboration at DESY and the SMC collaboration at CERN suggest that it may be possible to access nucleon transversity distributions through the measurement of transverse single spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive hard scattering processes. In this paper we review current and future experimental activities to measure transversity. We include a discussion of the measurement of the relevant fragmentation functions in e+e− annihilation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7762625; Grosse Perdekamp, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 105 Issue 1-3, p71; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stratmann, M.
AU  - Vogelsang, W.
T1  - Partons and QCD in high-energy polarized pp collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 105
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 134
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present and use a technique for implementing in a fast way, and without any approximations, higher-order calculations of partonic cross sections into global analyses of parton distribution functions. The approach, which is set up in Mellin-moment space, is particularly suited for analyses of future data from polarized proton-proton collisions at RHIC, but not limited to this case. We also briefly discuss the effects of soft-gluon resummations on spin asymmetries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
N1  - Accession Number: 7762639; Stratmann, M. 1 Vogelsang, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany  2: Physics Department and RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 105 Issue 1-3, p134; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hughes, V.W.
AU  - Brown, H.N.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Carey, R.M.
AU  - Cushman, P.
AU  - Danby, G.T.
AU  - Debevec, P.T.
AU  - Deile, M.
AU  - Deng, H.
AU  - Deninger, W.
AU  - Dhawan, S.K.
AU  - Druzhinin, V.P.
AU  - Duong, L.
AU  - Efstathiadis, E.
AU  - Farley, F.J.M.
AU  - Fedotovich, G.V.
AU  - Giron, S.
AU  - Gray, F.
AU  - Grigoriev, D.
AU  - Grosse-Perdekamp, M.
T1  - Muon g — 2 experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 105
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 156
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A precise measurement of the anomalous g value, a+μ = (g − 2)/2, for the positive muon has been made at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. The result a+μ = 11 659 202(14)(6) × 10−10 (1.3 ppm) is in good agreement with previous measurements and has an error one third that of the combined previous data. The current theoretical value from the standard model is aμ(SM)= 11 659 159.6(6.7) × 10−10 (0.57 ppm) and aμ(exp)−aμ(SM) = 42(16) × 10−10 in which aμ(exp) is the world average experimental value. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 7762643; Hughes, V.W. 1 Brown, H.N. 2 Bunce, G. 2 Carey, R.M. 3 Cushman, P. 4 Danby, G.T. 2 Debevec, P.T. 5 Deile, M. 1 Deng, H. 1 Deninger, W. 5 Dhawan, S.K. 1 Druzhinin, V.P. 6 Duong, L. 4 Efstathiadis, E. 3 Farley, F.J.M. 1 Fedotovich, G.V. 6 Giron, S. 4 Gray, F. 5 Grigoriev, D. 6 Grosse-Perdekamp, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA  6: Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 105 Issue 1-3, p156; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deshpande, Abhay L.
T1  - The EIC project: Physics prospects and present status
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 105
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Significant advances in the understanding of the nucleon spin structure and the structure of heavy nuclei are possible if they are studied in future using deep inelastic scattering with a high luminosity a collider. Compared to fixed target experiments, a collider allows access to higher <INLINE-FIG BASELINE="0.0"><LINK LOCATOR="fx1"></INLINE-FIG>, and also allows access to target fragments to be accessed with a suitably designed detector. This paper describes the status & the physics prospects of one such proposal, the Electron Ion Collider (EIC), presently being considered in the US. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 7762648; Deshpande, Abhay L. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 105 Issue 1-3, p178; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lal, J.
AU  - Gilbert, E.P.
AU  - Auvray, L.
T1  - Confinement of neutral and charged polymer chains in nanoporous glass
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 304
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
SN  - 03784371
AB  - The differences in structure between neutral and charged polymer chains has been determined using small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Experiments were performed on both neutral and charged chains, both in bulk and under confinement. Single chain conformation was measured in all cases using the condition of zero average contrast. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Confinement
KW  - Polymer
KW  - Small angle neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 7748037; Lal, J. 1; Email Address: jlal@anl.gov Gilbert, E.P. 1 Auvray, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Laboratoire Leon Brillouin, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 304 Issue 1/2, p244; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Confinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small angle neutron scattering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liang, B.
AU  - Lin, C.T.
AU  - Maljuk, A.
AU  - Yan, Y.
T1  - Effect of vacuum annealing on the structure and superconductivity of Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>CaCu<f>2</f>O<f>8+δ</f> single crystals
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 366
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 254
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The effect of annealing on the structure and superconductivity of Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>CaCu<f>2</f>O<f>8+δ</f> has been investigated on high-quality and large single crystals grown by the traveling solvent floating zone technique. Vacuum annealing was carried out on crystals sealed in quartz ampoules under different oxygen pressure ranging from <f>8×10−1</f> to <f>5×10−4</f> bar. The as-grown and post-annealed crystals were explored by induction-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and magnetization measurements. It was demonstrated that the oxygen homogeneity of the as-grown crystals has a direct influence on the post-annealed samples. The superconducting transition temperature, <f>Tc</f> was found to be affected more strongly by the annealing oxygen partial pressures, <f>p(O2)</f>, than by the annealing temperature. <f>Tc</f> decreases considerably from 92 to 29 K with decreasing <f>p(O2)</f> from 1 down to <f>4×10−2</f> bar, however, increases surprisingly to 62 K with further decreasing <f>p(O2)</f> to <f>5×10−4</f> bar. The transitions remain relatively sharp for the samples annealed under p<f>(O2)=8×10−1–4×10−2</f> bar, with no evidence of significant structural change by powder XRD measurement. XRD studies indicate that the crystals have orthorhombic symmetry. The refinement result for XRD data shows that the c-axis expands, while both a- and b-axis contract slightly with decreasing <f>p(O2)</f>. The relation between <f>Tc</f> and the c-axis lattice parameter suggests that the change of <f>Tc</f> is correlated with a redistribution of holes between the Bi–O layers and the Cu–O planes. Impurity phases were found to segregate from samples annealed under <f>p(O2)</f> <f><</f> <f>4×10−2</f> bar. The one-dimensional incommensurate superstructure along the b-axis was observed by TEM in the crystal annealed at <f>p(O2)=1×10−3</f> bar. The lattice strain caused by the high-vacuum annealing possibly affect the Cu–O–Cu angle and lead to an anomalous change in <f>Tc</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Bi-2212
KW  - Single crystal
KW  - Structure
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7742216; Liang, B. 1; Email Address: liang@kmr.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de Lin, C.T. 1 Maljuk, A. 1 Yan, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Irradiation Performance Section, Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60419, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 366 Issue 4, p254; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2212; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Jee, Y.A.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Fisher, B.L.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Inclined-substrate deposition of biaxially textured magnesium oxide thin films for YBCO coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 366
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Highly textured MgO films were grown by the inclined-substrate deposition (ISD) technique at a high deposition rate. A columnar grain with a roofing-tile-shaped surface was observed in these MgO films. X-ray pole figure, and <f>φ</f>- and <f>ω</f>-scan were used to characterize in-plane and out-of-plane textures. MgO films deposited when the incline angle <f>α</f> was 55<f>°</f> and 30<f>°</f> exhibited the best in-plane and out-of-plane texture, respectively. High-quality YBCO films were epitaxially grown on ISD-MgO-buffered Hastelloy C substrates by pulsed laser deposition. <f>Tc=88</f> K, with sharp transition, and <f>jc</f> values of <f>&ap;</f><f>2×105</f> A/<f>cm2</f> at 77 K in zero field were observed on films 5 mm wide and 1 cm long. This work has demonstrated that biaxially textured ISD MgO buffer layers deposited on metal substrates are excellent candidates for fabrication of high-quality YBCO coated conductors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - THIN films
KW  - CHROMOGENIC compounds
KW  - Biaxial texture
KW  - Coated conductor
KW  - Inclined-substrate deposition
KW  - YBCO thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 7742218; Ma, B.; Email Address: bma@anl.gov Li, M. 1 Jee, Y.A. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Fisher, B.L. 1 Balachandran, U. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division – Bldg 212, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 366 Issue 4, p270; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CHROMOGENIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biaxial texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inclined-substrate deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO thin film; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, S. D.
AU  - Tschaplinski, T. J.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
T1  - Plant water relations at elevated CO2 – implications for water-limited environments.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 331
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Abstract Long-term exposure of plants to elevated [CO2] leads to a number of growth and physiological effects, many of which are interpreted in the context of ameliorating the negative impacts of drought. However, despite considerable study, a clear picture in terms of the influence of elevated [CO2] on plant water relations and the role that these effects play in determining the response of plants to elevated [CO2] under water-limited conditions has been slow to emerge. In this paper, four areas of research are examined that represent critical, yet uncertain, themes related to the response of plants to elevated [CO2] and drought. These include (1) fine-root proliferation and implications for whole-plant water uptake; (2) enhanced water-use efficiency and consequences for drought tolerance; (3) reductions in stomatal conductance and impacts on leaf water potential; and (4) solute accumulation, osmotic adjustment and dehydration tolerance of leaves. A survey of the literature indicates that the growth of plants at elevated [CO2] can lead to conditions whereby plants maintain higher (less negative) leaf water potentials. The mechanisms that contribute to this effect are not fully known, although CO2-induced reductions in stomatal conductance, increases in whole-plant hydraulic conductance and osmotic adjustment may be important. Less understood are the interactive effects of elevated [CO2] and drought on fine-root production and water-use efficiency, and the contribution of these processes to plant growth in water-limited environments. Increases in water-use efficiency and reductions in water use can contribute to enhanced soil water content under elevated [CO2]. Herbaceous crops and grasslands are most responsive in this regard. The conservation of soil water at elevated [CO2] in other systems has been less studied, but in terms of maintaining growth or carbon gain... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PLANT-water relationships
KW  - EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants
KW  - EFFECT of drought on plants
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC CO
KW  - carbon allocation
KW  - global change
KW  - osmotic adjustment
KW  - osmotic potential
KW  - stomatal conductance
KW  - transpiration
KW  - water stress
KW  - water-use efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 7287588; Wullschleger, S. D. 1 Tschaplinski, T. J. 1 Norby, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p319; Subject Term: PLANT-water relationships; Subject Term: EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants; Subject Term: EFFECT of drought on plants; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATMOSPHERIC CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: water stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: water-use efficiency; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00796.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lagasse, R.R.
AU  - Thompson, K.R.
T1  - Spatial gradients in particle reinforced polymers characterized by X-ray attenuation and laser confocal microscopy
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 803
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The goal of this work is to develop techniques for measuring gradients in particle concentration within filled polymers, such as thermosetting polymer encapsulants. A high concentration of filler particles is added to such materials to tailor physical properties such as thermal expansion coefficient. Sedimentation and flow-induced migration of particles can produce concentration gradients that are most severe near boundaries. Therefore, techniques for measuring local particle concentration should be accurate near boundaries. Particle gradients in an alumina-filled epoxy resin are measured with a spatial resolution of 0.2 mm using an X-ray beam attenuation technique, but an artifact reduces accuracy near the specimen''s edge. Local particle concentration near an edge can be measured more reliably using microscopy coupled with image analysis. This is illustrated by measuring concentration profiles of glass particles having 40 μm median diameter using images acquired with a confocal laser fluorescence microscope. The mean of the measured profiles of volume fraction agrees to better than 3% with the expected value and the shape of the profiles agrees qualitatively with simple theory for sedimentation of monodisperse particles. Evidence that the microscopic method can be extended to smaller particles is provided by local concentration measurements on an epoxy polymer containing particles having diameters of the order of 1 μm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - EPOXY resins
KW  - Composite
KW  - Filler
KW  - Particle
N1  - Accession Number: 9098174; Lagasse, R.R. 1; Email Address: rrlagas@sandia.gov Thompson, K.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Organic Materials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, USA  2: Experimental Structural Mechanics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0555, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p803; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: EPOXY resins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filler; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benson, Larry
AU  - Kashgarian, Michaele
AU  - Rye, Robert
AU  - Lund, Steve
AU  - Paillet, Fred
AU  - Smoot, Joseph
AU  - Kester, Cynthia
AU  - Mensing, Scott
AU  - Meko, Dave
AU  - Lindström, Susan
T1  - <atl>Holocene multidecadal and multicentennial droughts affecting Northern California and Nevada
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 659
SN  - 02773791
AB  - Continuous, high-resolution δ18O records from cored sediments of Pyramid Lake, Nevada, indicate that oscillations in the hydrologic balance occurred, on average, about every 150 years (yr) during the past 7630 calendar years (cal yr). The records are not stationary; during the past 2740 yr, drought durations ranged from 20 to 100 yr and intervals between droughts ranged from 80 to 230 yr. Comparison of tree-ring-based reconstructions of climate change for the past 1200 yr from the Sierra Nevada and the El Malpais region of northwest New Mexico indicates that severe droughts associated with Anasazi withdrawal from Chaco Canyon at 820 cal yr BP (calendar years before present) and final abandonment of Chaco Canyon, Mesa Verde, and the Kayenta area at 650 cal yr BP may have impacted much of the western United States.During the middle Holocene (informally defined in this paper as extending from 8000 to 3000 cal yr BP), magnetic susceptibility values of sediments deposited in Pyramid Lake''s deep basin were much larger than late–Holocene (3000–0 cal yr BP) values, indicating the presence of a shallow lake. In addition, the mean δ18O value of CaCO3 precipitated between 6500 and 3430 cal yr BP was 1.6‰ less than the mean value of CaCO3 precipitated after 2740 cal yr BP. Numerical calculations indicate that the shift in the δ18O baseline probably resulted from a transition to a wetter (>30%) and cooler (3–5°C) climate. The existence of a relatively dry and warm middle-Holocene climate in the Truckee River–Pyramid Lake system is generally consistent with archeological, sedimentological, chemical, physical, and biological records from various sites within the Great Basin of the western United States. Two high-resolution Holocene-climate records are now available from the Pyramid and Owens lake basins which suggest that the Holocene was characterized by five climatic intervals. TIC and δ18O records from Owens Lake indicate that the first interval in the early Holocene (11,600–10,000 cal yr BP) was characterized by a drying trend that was interrupted by a brief (200 yr) wet oscillation centered at 10,300 cal yr BP. This was followed by a second early-Holocene interval (10,000–8000 cal yr BP) during which relatively wet conditions prevailed. During the early part of the middle Holocene (8000–6500 cal yr BP), high-amplitude oscillations in TIC in Owens Lake and δ18O in Pyramid Lake indicate the presence of shallow lakes in both basins. During the latter part of the middle Holocene (6500–3800 cal yr BP), drought conditions dominated, Owens Lake desiccated, and Lake Tahoe ceased spilling to the Truckee River, causing Pyramid Lake to decline. At the beginning of the late Holocene (∼3000 cal yr BP), Lake Tahoe rose to its sill level and Pyramid Lake increased in volume. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HOLOCENE paleoclimatology
KW  - SUBMARINE topography
N1  - Accession Number: 7755875; Benson, Larry 1; Email Address: lbenson@usgs.gov Kashgarian, Michaele 2 Rye, Robert 3 Lund, Steve 4 Paillet, Fred 5 Smoot, Joseph 6 Kester, Cynthia 3 Mensing, Scott 7 Meko, Dave 8 Lindström, Susan 9; Affiliation:  1: US Geological Survey, 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, CO 80303, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: US Geological Survey, MS 963, Denver Federal Center, Lakewood, CO 80225, USA  4: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA  5: US Geological Survey, MS 403, Denver Federal Center, Lakewood, CO 80225, USA  6: US Geological Survey, MS 955, Reston VA 22092, USA  7: Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  8: Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  9: Box 324, Truckee, CA 95734, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 21 Issue 4-6, p659; Subject Term: HOLOCENE paleoclimatology; Subject Term: SUBMARINE topography; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Al-Abbadi, N.M.
AU  - Alawaji, S.H.
AU  - Bin Mahfoodh, M.Y.
AU  - Myers, D.R.
AU  - Wilcox, S.
AU  - Anderberg, M.
T1  - Saudi Arabian solar radiation network operation data collection and quality assessment
JO  - Renewable Energy: An International Journal
JF  - Renewable Energy: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 09601481
AB  - From 1993 to the present (2000), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted a joint solar radiation resource assessment project to upgrade the solar resource assessment capability of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. KACST has deployed a high quality 12-station network in Saudi Arabia for monitoring solar total horizontal, direct beam, and diffuse radiation. One- and 5-min network data are collected and assessed for quality. 80% or more of the network data fall within quality limits of ±5% for correct partitioning between the three radiation components. We describe the network, quality assessment procedures, data formats and availability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable Energy: An International Journal is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - SAUDI Arabia
N1  - Accession Number: 7744058; Al-Abbadi, N.M. 1 Alawaji, S.H. 1 Bin Mahfoodh, M.Y. 1 Myers, D.R. 2; Email Address: daryl_myers@nrel.gov Wilcox, S. 2 Anderberg, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p219; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: SAUDI Arabia; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Easton, D.S.
T1  - A Mo–Si–B intermetallic alloy with a continuous <f>α</f>-Mo matrix
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 46
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 13596462
AB  - A novel technique for fabricating high-temperature molybdenum–silicon–boron intermetallic composites is described. Vacuum annealing of silicide particles resulted in a loss of Si, and consequently a Mo solid solution layer, at the surfaces. Subsequent consolidation produced a microstructure of silicide particles bonded by a continuous Mo matrix. The <f>α</f>-Mo imparted significant room temperature fracture toughness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - METALS -- Fracture
KW  - Composite
KW  - Fracture toughness
KW  - Intermetallic
KW  - Powder processing
N1  - Accession Number: 7740896; Schneibel, J.H. 1; Email Address: schneibeljh@ornl.gov Kramer, M.J. 2 Easton, D.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 37 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 46 Issue 3, p217; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: METALS -- Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder processing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinez-Cruz, Luis Alfonso
AU  - Dreyer, Matthias K.
AU  - Boisvert, David C.
AU  - Yokota, Hisao
AU  - Martinez-Chantar, Maria Luz
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hou
T1  - Crystal Structure of MJ1247 Protein from M. jannaschii at 2.0 A˚ Resolution Infers a Molecular Function of 3-Hexulose-6-Phosphate Isomerase
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
SN  - 09692126
AB  - The crystal structure of the hypothetical protein MJ1247 from Methanococccus jannaschii at 2 A˚ resolution, a detailed sequence analysis, and biochemical assays infer its molecular function to be 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase (PHI). In the dissimilatory ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) cycle, ribulose-5-phosphate is coupled to formaldehyde by the 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase (HPS), yielding hexulose-6-phosphate, which is then isomerized to fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase. MJ1247 is an α/β structure consisting of a five-stranded parallel β sheet flanked on both sides by α helices, forming a three-layered α-β-α sandwich. The fold represents the nucleotide binding motif of a flavodoxin type. MJ1247 is a tetramer in the crystal and in solution and each monomer has a folding similar to the isomerase domain of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlmS). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ISOMERASES
KW  - 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase
KW  - hypothetical protein function
KW  - Methanococcus jannaschii
KW  - phosphosugar
KW  - RuMP pathway
KW  - structural genomics
N1  - Accession Number: 7771537; Martinez-Cruz, Luis Alfonso 1 Dreyer, Matthias K. 1 Boisvert, David C. 1 Yokota, Hisao 1 Martinez-Chantar, Maria Luz 2 Kim, Rosalind 1 Kim, Sung-Hou 1; Email Address: shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p195; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ISOMERASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: hypothetical protein function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanococcus jannaschii; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphosugar; Author-Supplied Keyword: RuMP pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: structural genomics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baddorf, A.P.
AU  - Jahns, V.
AU  - Zehner, D.M.
AU  - Zajonz, H.
AU  - Gibbs, D.
T1  - Relaxation and thermal expansion of Ru(<f>0 0 0 1</f>) between 300 and 1870 K and the influence of hydrogen
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 498
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The surface structure of Ru(0 0 0 1) has been studied between 300 and 1870 K using X-ray diffraction. At 300 K, the outermost layer is contracted by 2.2(4)%, in agreement with the value determined by low-energy electron diffraction studies, but about half that predicted by ab initio calculations. H-adsorption appears to introduce disorder through an increased surface Debye–Waller factor and an increased step density, but does not significantly alter the interlayer spacing. Temperature-dependent studies of the clean surface structure indicate a thermal expansion of the first three interlayer distances that is slightly smaller than that of the bulk, accompanied by increasing vibrational motion comparable to that of the bulk. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - RELAXATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - and topography
KW  - Hydrogen atom
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 7745096; Baddorf, A.P. 1; Email Address: baddorfap@ornl.gov Jahns, V. 1 Zehner, D.M. 1 Zajonz, H. 2 Gibbs, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Building 3025, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6030, USA  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 498 Issue 1/2, p74; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: RELAXATION (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen atom; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Okada, M.
AU  - Flach, B.
AU  - Hulpke, E.
AU  - Steinhögl, W.
AU  - Plummer, E.W.
T1  - Shifting the surface Kohn anomaly of H-saturated Mo(<f>1 1 0</f>) by alloying the bulk with Re
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 498
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L78
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The topology of the Fermi surface of a pure transition metal can be manipulated by the formation of a random alloy with a similar metal. The giant anomaly in the helium atom inelastic scattering spectra is used to probe the alloying-induced changes in the two-dimensional Fermi surface nesting. The critical wave vector of the giant anomaly is systematically shifted for the H-saturated (1 1 0) surface of the random alloy Mo<f>1−x</f>Re<f>x</f>, by varying <f>x (0&les;x&les;0.25)</f>. Here, it is demonstrated that the giant anomaly is quite sensitive to changes in the Fermi topology induced by alloying. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - Alloys
KW  - Molybdenum
N1  - Accession Number: 7745085; Okada, M. 1 Flach, B. 2 Hulpke, E. 2 Steinhögl, W. 2 Plummer, E.W. 3,4; Email Address: eplummer@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan  2: Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 401 A.H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA  4: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37731-6057, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 498 Issue 1/2, pL78; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Contreras, Miguel A.
AU  - Romero, Manuel J.
AU  - To, Bobby
AU  - Hasoon, F.
AU  - Noufi, R.
AU  - Ward, S.
AU  - Ramanathan, K.
T1  - Optimization of CBD CdS process in high-efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based solar cells
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 403/404
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We present an optimization of the CdS chemical bath deposition process as applied to high-efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photovoltaic thin-film absorber materials. Specifically, we investigated deposition time (thickness), bath temperature (65, 80 and 90°C) and a Cd2+ partial-electrolyte treatment of the chalcopyrite absorber prior to CdS deposition. We found that thinner CdS layers (grown on as-deposited absorbers) allowing more light to reach the junction are not necessarily conducive to higher short-circuit current density. Device performance was found to be dependent on the CdS layer thickness, but rather independent of the growth temperature. On the other hand, devices prepared from absorbers subjected to a Cd2+ partial electrolyte treatment show that the device performance dependence on CdS thickness is somewhat alleviated, and devices incorporating thinner CdS layers are possible without loss of parameters, such as open-circuit voltage and fill factor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - CdS
KW  - Chemical bath deposition (CBD)
KW  - Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)
KW  - Photovoltaic
KW  - Quantum efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 7747785; Contreras, Miguel A.; Email Address: miguel_contreras@nrel.gov Romero, Manuel J. 1 To, Bobby 1 Hasoon, F. 1 Noufi, R. 1 Ward, S. 1 Ramanathan, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 403/404, p204; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical bath deposition (CBD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum efficiency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aroutiounian, V.M.
AU  - Maroutyan, K.R.
AU  - Zatikyan, A.L.
AU  - Touryan, K.J.
T1  - Calculations of the reflectance of porous silicon and other antireflection coating to silicon solar cells
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 403/404
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Calculations of the reflectance for antireflection coating (ARC) made of porous silicon (PSi) were carried out. Although PSi has been the focus of interest in the last few years, a satisfactory model for calculation of its reflectance features is still absent. A combination of the optical matrix method and a graded-band gap model of PSi, which takes into account the gradient in porosity, has recently been suggested. Calculations based on the optical matrix method were carried out also for well-known ARC like MgF2, ZnS and Ta2O5 in order to prove the feasibility of the method. Good agreement with experimental data was found for all ARC types. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS silicon
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - Gradient in porosity
KW  - Optical matrix method
KW  - Porous silicon
KW  - Reflectance
N1  - Accession Number: 7747846; Aroutiounian, V.M. 1; Email Address: vladimir@www.physdep.r.am Maroutyan, K.R. 1 Zatikyan, A.L. 1 Touryan, K.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 403/404, p517; Subject Term: POROUS silicon; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: POROSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gradient in porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical matrix method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflectance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Apple, Martha
AU  - Tiekotter, Ken
AU  - Snow, Michael
AU  - Young, James
AU  - Soeldner, Al
AU  - Phillips, Donald
AU  - Tingey, David
AU  - Bond, Barbara J.
T1  - Needle anatomy changes with increasing tree age in Douglas-fir.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 136
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Morphological differences between old-growth trees and saplings of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) may extend to differences in needle anatomy. We used microscopy with image analysis to compare and quantify anatomical parameters in cross sections of previous-year needles of old-growth Douglas-fir trees and saplings at the Wind River Canopy Crane site in Washington and at three sites in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon. We also compared needle anatomy across a chronosequence of 10-, 20-, 40- and 450-year-old Douglas-fir trees from the Wind River site. Anatomy differed significantly between needles of old-growth trees and saplings at all sites, suggesting a developmental change in needle anatomy with increasing tree age. Compared with needles of old-growth trees, needles of saplings were longer and had proportionately smaller vascular cylinders, larger resin canals and few hypodermal cells. Astrosclereids, which sequester lignin in their secondary cell walls and occupy space otherwise filled by photosynthetic cells, were scarce in needles of saplings but abundant in needles of old-growth trees. Needles of old-growth trees had an average of 11% less photosynthetic mesophyll area than needles of saplings. The percentage of non-photosynthetic area in needles increased significantly with increasing tree age from the chronosequence of 10-, 20-, 40- and 450-year-old trees at the Wind River site. This reduction in photosynthetic area may contribute to decreased growth rates in old trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Douglas fir
KW  - Sap (Plant)
KW  - Plant development
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - Parameter estimation
KW  - astrosclereids
KW  - cells
KW  - lignin
KW  - needles
KW  - structure
N1  - Accession Number: 80096103; Apple, Martha 1,2; Tiekotter, Ken 3; Snow, Michael 3; Young, James 4; Soeldner, Al 5; Phillips, Donald 6; Tingey, David 6; Bond, Barbara J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; 2: Author to whom correspondence should be addressed mapple@unr.edu; 3: University of Portland Portland, OR 97203-5798, USA; 4: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory DOE, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 5: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; 6: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Corvallis, OR 97333, USA; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 22 Issue 2/3, p129; Thesaurus Term: Douglas fir; Thesaurus Term: Sap (Plant); Thesaurus Term: Plant development; Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Subject Term: Image analysis; Subject Term: Parameter estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: astrosclereids; Author-Supplied Keyword: cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: lignin; Author-Supplied Keyword: needles; Author-Supplied Keyword: structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weierstall, U.
AU  - Chen, Q.
AU  - Spence, J.C.H.
AU  - Howells, M.R.
AU  - Isaacson, M.
AU  - Panepucci, R.R.
T1  - Image reconstruction from electron and X-ray diffraction patterns using iterative algorithms: experiment and simulation
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 90
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 03043991
AB  - The hybrid input–output iterative algorithm, which solves the phase problem for scattering from non-periodic objects, is reviewed for application to X-ray and electron diffraction data. Desirable convex constraints, including the sign of the scattering potential for electrons, and compact support, are discussed. The cases of complex and real exit-face wavefunctions, strong and weak phase objects, various supports, and the use of coherent focussed radiation are reviewed. Reconstruction of general complex objects requires accurate knowledge of the support, which should consist of two holes or a triangle in an opaque mask. The support boundaries should be as sharp as possible. Strong phase objects without absorption can be recovered if the support consists of one hole, is accurately known and has sufficiently sharp boundaries. Real and weak phase objects with absorption can be recovered without accurate knowledge of the support area if the support boundaries are sufficiently sharp and the support consists of one or more holes. A sign constraint on the scattering potential is used to recover weak phase objects. The experimental realization of theoretically desirable support conditions is discussed. A two-stage method of finding the support for complex objects is proposed. Experimental results from applying the Gerchberg–Saxton–Fienup HiO-algorithm to coherent electron diffraction patterns are presented, using specially made e-beam lithographed support structures. Images with a resolution of about 5 nm are thus recovered from the intensities alone in coherent electron diffraction patterns from non-periodic objects. Limitations of the present experiments are identified and suggestions made for development of both X-ray and electron work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
KW  - IMAGE reconstruction
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - WAVE functions
N1  - Accession Number: 7762498; Weierstall, U. 1; Email Address: weier@asu.edu Chen, Q. 1 Spence, J.C.H. 1 Howells, M.R. 2 Isaacson, M. 3 Panepucci, R.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1507, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Cornell Nanofabrication Facility, Cornell University, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 90 Issue 2/3, p171; Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Subject Term: IMAGE reconstruction; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
T1  - Stochastic analysis of flow in a heterogeneous unsaturated-saturated system.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 10-1
EP  - 10-15
SN  - 00431397
AB  - In this study we develop a stochastic model for transient unsaturated-saturated flow in randomly heterogeneous media with the method of moment equations. We first derive partial differential equations governing the statistical moments of the flow quantities by perturbation expansions and then implement these equations under general conditions with the method of finite differences. The stochastic model developed is applicable to the entire domain of a bounded, multidimensional unsaturated-saturated system in the presence of random or deterministic recharge and sink/source and in the presence of multiscale, nonstationary medium features. The unsaturated and saturated zones are coupled through the water table, whose position is random in randomly heterogeneous porous media. The presence of the water table renders the flow moments strongly nonstationary even in the absence of medium nonstationary features. This finding is confirmed with Monte Carlo simulations. The resulting first two moments of flow may be used to approximate confidence intervals for the flow quantities. In addition, the integrated stochastic flow model provides the prerequisite quantities for realistically studying contaminant transport in unsaturated-saturated systems with a stochastic approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - flow
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - multiscale
KW  - saturated
KW  - stochastic
KW  - unsaturated
N1  - Accession Number: 87143604; Zhang, Dongxiao 1; Lu, Zhiming 1; Affiliations: 1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p10-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiscale; Author-Supplied Keyword: saturated; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000515
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Gun Y.
AU  - Dharan, C.K.H.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - A physically-based abrasive wear model for composite materials
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2002/02//
VL  - 252
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 322
SN  - 00431648
AB  - A simple physically-based model for the abrasive wear of composite materials is presented based on the mechanics and mechanisms associated with sliding wear in soft (ductile)- matrix composites containing hard (brittle) reinforcement particles. The model is based on the assumption that any portion of the reinforcement that is removed as wear debris cannot contribute to the wear resistance of the matrix material. The size of this non-contributing portion (NCP) of reinforcement is estimated by modeling three primary wear mechanisms, specifically, plowing, cracking at the matrix/reinforcement interface or in the reinforcement, and particle removal. Critical variables describing the role of the reinforcement, such as relative size, fracture toughness and the nature of the matrix/reinforcement interface, are characterized by a single contribution coefficient, C. Predictions are compared with the results of experimental two-body (pin-on-drum) abrasive wear tests performed on a model aluminum particulate-reinforced epoxy-matrix composite material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - MECHANICAL wear
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - Abrasive wear
KW  - Composites
KW  - Fracture toughness
KW  - Reinforcement size
N1  - Accession Number: 7753707; Lee, Gun Y. 1,2 Dharan, C.K.H. 1; Email Address: dharan@me.berkeley.edu Ritchie, R.O. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1750, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1760, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 252 Issue 3/4, p322; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: MECHANICAL wear; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abrasive wear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reinforcement size; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, B.J.
AU  - Rogan, R.C.
AU  - Richardson Jr., J.W.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Stability of the cubic perovskite SrFe0.8Co0.2O3−δ
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/02/02/
VL  - 146
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Dense ceramic bars of the perovskite material SrFe0.8Co0.2O3−δ have been synthesized by solid-state reaction and studied by in-situ neutron diffraction through the range of oxygen partial pressure (pO2) from 10−0.68 to 10−13.3 atm at 900 °C. Over the complete range, the material retains the cubic perovskite structure and is stable even when δ>0.5. Between air and log pO2=−2.3, δ increases from 0.35 to 0.44 and the lattice expands. Lowering the pO2 further leads to an oxygen content “plateau” at δ&ap;0.5, through a log pO2 range of −3.5 to −8.6. Below this, the lattice undergoes further expansion, as oxygen is lost, most likely when Co3+ undergoes reduction to Co2+. Rietveld analysis indicates that there is no deviation from the Fe/Co 80:20 ratio over the entire pO2 range. The behavior of this perovskite is compared to that of the perovskite phase of similar composition found in a SrFeCo0.5Oy ceramic membrane material studied under similar conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7750956; Mitchell, B.J. 1 Rogan, R.C. 2 Richardson Jr., J.W. 3; Email Address: jwrichardson@anl.gov Ma, B. 4 Balachandran, U. 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK  2: Department of Engineering and Applied Science Mechanics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 So. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 146 Issue 3/4, p313; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiubo Tian
AU  - Dixon Tat-Kun Kwok
AU  - Chu, Paul K.
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Two-dimensional sample temperature modeling in separation by plasma implantation of oxygen (SPIMOX) process.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2002/02/03/Feb2002 Part 3
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
EP  - 427
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) offers high throughput and efficiency in the synthesis of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) materials. In the separation by plasma implantation of oxygen (SPIMOX) process, the spatial and time variation of the sample temperature must be known and well controlled to ensure uniform buried oxide and silicon overlying layer thicknesses over the entire silicon wafer. In this paper, we describe a two-dimensional model and derive the temperature distribution on the silicon wafer with respect to time and other process parameters. Our results show laterally nonuniform heating by the incoming ions and the local temperature is influenced more by the sample voltage and thermal irradiation coefficient of the target than the pulse duration and plasma density. The model provides a simple and quick means to determine whether external heating will be needed to maintain the sample temperature at 600°C during the SPIMOX process [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - SILICON-on-insulator technology
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - 600 C
KW  - abstract-plasma immersion ion implantation
KW  - external heating
KW  - ion implantation
KW  - laterally nonuniform heating
KW  - Modeling
KW  - plasma density
KW  - plasma implantation
KW  - plasma implantation of oxygen process
KW  - plasma materials processing
KW  - plasma temperature
KW  - pulse duration
KW  - sample temperature
KW  - separation
KW  - Si wafer
KW  - silicon-on-insulator materials synthesis
KW  - SPIMOX
KW  - temperature
KW  - temperature distribution
KW  - thermal irradiation
KW  - two-dimensional model
KW  - two-dimensional sample temperature modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 52038099; Xiubo Tian 1 Dixon Tat-Kun Kwok 1 Chu, Paul K. 1; Email Address: paul.chu@cityu.edu.hk Anders, André 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Feb2002 Part 3, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p423; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: SILICON-on-insulator technology; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Author-Supplied Keyword: 600 C; Author-Supplied Keyword: abstract-plasma immersion ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: external heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: laterally nonuniform heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma density; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma implantation of oxygen process; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma materials processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse duration; Author-Supplied Keyword: sample temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si wafer; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon-on-insulator materials synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPIMOX; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional model; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional sample temperature modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2002.1003891
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romanino, Andrea
AU  - Strumia, Alessandro
T1  - Electron and muon electric dipoles in supersymmetric scenarios
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/02/04/
VL  - 622
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We study if a sizeable muon electric dipole can arise in supersymmetric frameworks able to account for the tight experimental bounds on sfermion masses, like an appropriate flavor symmetry, or like a flavor-blind mechanism of SUSY breaking (in presence of radiative corrections charchteristic of GUT models, or due to Yukawa couplings of neutrinos in see-saw models). In some cases it is possible to evade the naive scaling <f>dμ/de=mμ/me</f> and obtain a <f>dμ</f> as large as <f>10−22÷23e cm</f>. In most cases <f>dμ</f> is around <f>10−24÷25e cm</f> and <f>(dμ/de)/(mμ/me)</f> is only slightly different from one: this ratio contains interesting informations on the source of the dipoles and on the texture of the lepton Yukawa matrix. We also update GUT predictions for <f>μ→eγ</f> and related processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 7742239; Romanino, Andrea 1 Strumia, Alessandro 2; Email Address: astrumia@difi.unipi.it; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Theoretical physics division, CERN, CH-1211, Genève 23, Switzerland; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 622 Issue 1/2, p73; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grinstein, Benjamín
AU  - Ligeti, Zoltan
T1  - Heavy quark symmetry in <f>B→D(&ast;)ℓν¯</f> spectra
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/02/07/
VL  - 526
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We calculate heavy quark symmetry breaking in the slopes and curvatures of the <f>B→D(&ast;)ℓν¯</f> spectra at zero recoil, including the order <f>αs2β0</f> corrections. We point out that the theoretical uncertainties in the differences between <f>B→D</f> and <f>B→D&ast;</f> slopes and curvatures are smaller than in the deviations of the slopes and curvatures themselves from their infinite mass limits. We find that the central values of the current experimental results for the difference of the slopes differ from our calculations when QCD sum rules are used to estimate subleading Isgur–Wise functions. A better understanding of the shapes of the <f>B→D(&ast;)ℓν¯</f> spectra may also help to reduce the error of <f>&z.sfnc;Vcb&z.sfnc;</f> extracted from the zero recoil limit of <f>B→D&ast;ℓν¯</f>. We argue that heavy quark symmetry requires that the same fitting procedure be used in the experimental determinations of the shape parameters and <f>&z.sfnc;Vcb&z.sfnc;</f> from the <f>B→Dℓν¯</f> and <f>B→D&ast;ℓν¯</f> spectra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - BROKEN symmetry (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7748116; Grinstein, Benjamín 1 Ligeti, Zoltan 2; Email Address: zligeti@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  2: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 526 Issue 3/4, p345; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: BROKEN symmetry (Physics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volinsky, A.A.
AU  - Moody, N.R.
AU  - Gerberich, W.W.
T1  - Interfacial toughness measurements for thin films on substrates
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/02/08/
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 441
SN  - 13596454
AB  - There are more than 200 different methods for measuring adhesion, suggesting it to be material, geometry and even industry specific. This availability has exploded at least partly due to the arrival of dissimilar material interfaces and thin films and the ease with which microfabrication techniques apply to silicon technology. Having an eye toward those tests utilized for thin films, this paper reviews only a few of these techniques. The emphasis is on measuring thin film adhesion from the standpoint of fracture mechanics, when the film is mechanically or by other means removed from the substrate, and the amount of energy necessary for this process is calculated per unit area of the removed film. This tends to give values approaching the true work of adhesion at small thickness and greater values of the practical work of adhesion at larger thickness, all being in the 30–30,000 nm range. The resulting large range of toughnesses is shown to be dependent on the scale of plasticity achieved as controlled by film thickness, microstructure, chemistry and test temperature.While the tests reviewed largely address the measurement of elastic strain energy release rates, we also briefly address a few theoretical models which are specific to the resistance side of the delamination equation. The weight of the evidence suggests for ductile metallic films that the major extrinsic variables are film stress, extent of delamination, thickness and temperature while the major intrinsic ones are modulus, yield strength, the thermodynamic work of adhesion and one or more length scales. For some 25 film/substrate multilayers, with emphasis on Al, Au and Cu, the comparison of several theoretical models as to how the extrinsic and intrinsic variables intertwine is made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADHESION
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Adhesion energies
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 7740870; Volinsky, A.A. 1 Moody, N.R. 2 Gerberich, W.W. 3; Email Address: wgerb@tc.umn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Motorola Corp., Mesa, AZ 85202, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p441; Subject Term: ADHESION; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion energies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suh, Daewoong
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, P.
AU  - Dauskardt, Reinhold H.
T1  - The effects of hydrogen on viscoelastic relaxation in Zr–Ti–Ni–Cu–Be bulk metallic glasses: implications for hydrogen embrittlement
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/02/08/
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The effects of hydrogen on the viscoelastic relaxation behavior of a Zr–Ti–Ni–Cu–Be bulk metallic glass have been investigated in an attempt to elucidate hydrogen-affected flow and fracture behavior. Dynamic mechanical testing was performed to study relaxation behavior near the glass transition temperature. Relaxation time constants were increased in the presence of hydrogen with a concomitant increase of thermal activation energy. In addition, the glass transition temperature was increased and crystallization kinetics retarded in the presence of hydrogen leading to enhanced thermal stability. Positron annihilation spectroscopy was employed to study the interaction of hydrogen and open-volume regions. While hydrogen charging was found to decrease the open-volume regions in the amorphous phase, an increase in free volume was observed in the crystalline counterpart. The amorphous phase was found to have a greater hydrogen absorption capacity compared to its crystalline counterpart. Relaxation behavior, crystallization kinetics and the interaction of hydrogen with the amorphous microstructure are discussed. Finally, the effects of retarded relaxation processes on fracture resistance are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - VISCOELASTICITY
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - Fracture & fracture toughness
KW  - Hydrogen embrittlement
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Metallic glasses
N1  - Accession Number: 7740879; Suh, Daewoong 1 Asoka-Kumar, P. 2 Dauskardt, Reinhold H. 1; Email Address: dauskardt@stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2205, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p537; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: VISCOELASTICITY; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture & fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen embrittlement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic glasses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ziegler, A.
AU  - Kisielowski, C.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Imaging of the crystal structure of silicon nitride at 0.8 A˚ngstro¨m resolution<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098.</fn>1
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/02/08/
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
SN  - 13596454
AB  - High-resolution transmission electron microscopy is utilized to examine the crystal structure of a silicon nitride ceramic using focus variation methods to achieve sub-a˚ngstro¨m resolution at the absolute theoretical information limit of the transmission electron microscope. Specifically, crucial requirements of high instrumental stability, a coherent electron source and optimum imaging conditions have been met by the one-A˚ngstrom microscope (OA˚M) at the National Center for Electron Microscopy in order to obtain a resolution of 0.8 A˚. The resulting high-resolution images reveal the individual atom positions of the in-plane projected crystal structure of silicon nitride and permit detailed structural information. The images correspond closely to computed and simulated images of this crystal structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - Atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Crystal structure
N1  - Accession Number: 7740881; Ziegler, A. 1 Kisielowski, C. 2 Ritchie, R.O. 1; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p565; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaschner, G.C.
AU  - Gibeling, J.C.
T1  - Evolution of dislocation glide kinetics during cyclic deformation of copper
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/02/08/
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Strain rate change tests were performed during low cycle fatigue of polycrystalline copper using plastic strain as the control variable. The evolution of dislocation interactions was observed by evaluating the activation area and true stress as a function of cumulative plastic strain. Activation areas at each of three plastic strain amplitudes, <f>Δ&epsiv;p/2=0.2</f>, 0.4, and 0.6%, have initial values of approximately 2000b2 which decrease to 600b2 during cyclic loading to saturation. This observation suggests a transition from forest dislocation cutting to increasing contributions of cross-slip as the predominant rate-controlling mechanisms of dislocation motion. Haasen plots of normalized inverse operational activation area (<f>b2/Δa</f>) for specimens cycled to saturation exhibit a deviation from linearity similar to that observed for monotonic deformation. This nonlinearity corresponds to a failure of the Cottrell–Stokes law that correlates with the development of characteristic dislocation structures during cyclic deformation. Tests performed at various stresses at saturation reveal a linear dependence of b2/Δa on true stress. The athermal stress, σb=86.5 MPa, measured at saturation by extrapolating the activation area data compares favorably with the value determined from a Bauschinger analysis, σb=80 MPa, at a plastic strain amplitude of 0.6%. In addition, athermal stress values vary with plastic strain amplitude as expected, resulting in a constant value of approximately σb/σ=0.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - Copper
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Low cycle fatigue
KW  - Mechanical properties (thermally activated processes)
KW  - Strain rate change
N1  - Accession Number: 7740888; Kaschner, G.C. 1 Gibeling, J.C. 2; Email Address: jcgibeling@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: MST-8, Structure/Properties Relationships, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p653; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low cycle fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties (thermally activated processes); Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain rate change; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, G.
AU  - Plummer, E.W.
T1  - <atl>High-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy study on chemisorption of hydrogen on Cu(<f>1 1 1</f>)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/02/10/
VL  - 498
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The chemisorption of atomic hydrogen on the Cu(1 1 1) surface at 100 K was studied with high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy. At low H coverage (below 0.5 ML), two loss features were observed and attributed to the perpendicular and parallel modes of atomic H adsorbed at a single site on the surface, respectively. The observation of two vibrational modes allows an unambiguous assignment of adsorption at a threefold hollow site on Cu(1 1 1). At high H coverage (above 0.5 ML), a new loss feature was also found in the specular direction in addition to the saturated low-coverage features. The new high-coverage feature is assigned to absorbed H at a subsurface site, following the thermal desorption studies and the theoretical predictions on the H absorption into the Cu(1 1 1) surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMISORPTION
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - COPPER
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Copper
KW  - Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)
KW  - Hydrogen atom
N1  - Accession Number: 7753825; Lee, G. 1; Email Address: glee@kriss.re.kr Plummer, E.W. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Taejon, 305-600, South Korea  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6057, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 498 Issue 3, p229; Subject Term: CHEMISORPTION; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Subject Term: COPPER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen atom; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Handler, G.
AU  - Weiss, W. W.
AU  - Paunzen, E.
AU  - Shobbrook, R. R.
AU  - Garrido, R.
AU  - Guzik, J. A.
AU  - Hempel, A.
AU  - Moalusi, M. B.
AU  - Beach, T. E.
AU  - Medupe, R.
AU  - Chagnon, F.
AU  - Matthews, J. M.
AU  - Reegen, P.
AU  - Granzer, T.
T1  - The pulsational behaviour of the rapidly oscillating Ap star HD 122970 during two photometric multisite campaigns.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2002/02/11/
VL  - 330
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 159
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We undertook two time-series photometric multisite campaigns for the rapidly oscillating Ap star HD 122970. The first one, conducted in 1998, resulted in 119 h of data and in the detection of three pulsation frequencies. The presence of possible further modes which held the promise of deriving a mode identification motivated a second worldwide campaign in the year 2001. This second campaign resulted in 203 h of measurement, but did not reveal further modes. Rather, one of the previously detected signals disappeared. The two modes common to both data sets have different spherical degree. They also showed slight frequency modulation, and one of them varied in amplitude as well. Possible causes of the latter behaviour include intrinsic instability of the pulsation spectrum or precession of the pulsational axis and orbital motion in a binary system. Frequency analysis of the Hipparcos observations of the star did not allow us to determine the stellar rotation period. The amplitude and phase behaviour of the two modes of HD 122970 in the Strömgren uvby bands is quite similar to that observed for other roAp stars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AP stars
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL photometry
KW  - TIME series analysis
KW  - STELLAR oscillations
KW  - stars: individual: HD 122970
KW  - stars: oscillations
KW  - stars: variables: other
KW  - techniques: photometric
N1  - Accession Number: 6114244; Handler, G. Weiss, W. W. 1 Paunzen, E. 1 Shobbrook, R. R. 2 Garrido, R. 3 Guzik, J. A. 4 Hempel, A. 5 Moalusi, M. B. Beach, T. E. 6 Medupe, R. Chagnon, F. 7 Matthews, J. M. 7 Reegen, P. 1 Granzer, T.; Affiliation:  1: 2Institut für Astronomie, Universität Wien, Türkenschanzstraße 17, A-1180 Wien, Austria  2: 3Visiting Fellow, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia  3: 4Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, Apt. 3044, E-18080 Granada, Spain  4: 5Los Alamos National Laboratory, X-2, MS B220, Los Alamos, NM 87545-2345, USA  5: 6Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa  6: 8University of New Mexico, Los Alamos, 4000 University Drive, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  7: 10Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada; Source Info: 2/11/2002, Vol. 330 Issue 1, p153; Subject Term: AP stars; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL photometry; Subject Term: TIME series analysis; Subject Term: STELLAR oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: HD 122970; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: variables: other; Author-Supplied Keyword: techniques: photometric; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05056.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Culbertson, Christopher T.
AU  - Jacobson, Stephen C.
AU  - Michael Ramsey, J.
T1  - Diffusion coefficient measurements in microfluidic devices
JO  - Talanta
JF  - Talanta
Y1  - 2002/02/11/
VL  - 56
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
SN  - 00399140
AB  - Four methods for measuring diffusion coefficients were compared on a microfabricated fluidic device using rhodamine 6G as the analyte. The measurements were made using a static imaging method and three dynamic methods—stopped flow, varying the applied potential (E-field method), and varying the detection length (length method). Under conditions where analyte–wall interactions (adsorption) are minimized, e.g. in a 50/50 (v/v) methanol/aqueous buffer, the stopped flow (2.71±0.09×10−6 cm2 s−1), E-field (2.684±0.005×10−6 cm2 s−1) and the static imaging (2.69±0.02×10−6 cm2 s−1) measurements were all within experimental error of one another and previously reported values. Under 100% aqueous conditions, however, the diffusion coefficient measured dynamically was 11% larger than that measured statically. Diffusion coefficients for rhodamine B, fluorescein, 2′,7′dichloro-fluorescein (DCF), rhodamine 6G, tetramethylrhodamine labeled glutamic acid and isoleucine, and fluorescein conjugated bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin were also measured using the static imaging method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Talanta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION indexes
KW  - FLUORESCEIN
KW  - Diffusion coefficient
KW  - Fluorescein
KW  - Microfluidic device
KW  - Rhodamine
N1  - Accession Number: 7751491; Culbertson, Christopher T. 1 Jacobson, Stephen C. 1 Michael Ramsey, J.; Email Address: ramseyjm@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 56 Issue 2, p365; Subject Term: DIFFUSION indexes; Subject Term: FLUORESCEIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microfluidic device; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodamine; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qian, X.-M.
AU  - Song, Y.
AU  - Lau, K.-C.
AU  - Ng, C.Y.
AU  - Liu, Jianbo
AU  - Chen, Wenwu
AU  - He, G.Z.
T1  - A pulsed field ionization photoelectron–photoion coincidence study of the dissociative photoionization process <f>D2O+hν→OD++D+e−</f>
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/02/13/
VL  - 353
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We have examined the titled reaction near its threshold using the pulsed field ionization photoelectron–photoion coincidence method. The measured 0 K threshold (<f>18.220±0.002</f> eV) has made possible the determination of more precise values for the 0 K bond dissociation energies for <f>D–OD+</f> (<f>5.584±0.002</f> eV) and D–OD (<f>5.191±0.002</f> eV) and the 0 K heats of formation (<f>ΔH0f0</f>''s) for <f>OD+</f> (<f>308.83±0.05</f> kcal/mol) and OD (<f>8.38±0.05</f> kcal/mol). We found that the available energetic data for the <f>OD/OD+</f> and <f>D2O/D2O+</f> system are in excellent agreement with those for the <f>OH/OH+</f> and <f>H2O/H2O+</f> system after taking into account the zero-point vibration energies of these species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - FIELD ion microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7751079; Qian, X.-M. 1,2 Song, Y. 1,2 Lau, K.-C. 1,2 Ng, C.Y. 1,2; Email Address: cyng@chem.ucdavis.edu Liu, Jianbo 3 Chen, Wenwu 3 He, G.Z. 4; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 353 Issue 1/2, p19; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: FIELD ion microscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hlawatsch, S.
AU  - Garbe-Schönberg, C.D.
AU  - Lechtenberg, F.
AU  - Manceau, A.
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Kulik, D.A.
AU  - Kersten, M.
T1  - <atl>Trace metal fluxes to ferromanganese nodules from the western Baltic Sea as a record for long-term environmental changes
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2002/02/15/
VL  - 182
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 697
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Trace element profiles in ferromanganese nodules from the western Baltic Sea were analyzed with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS) and synchrotron-based micro-X-ray radiation techniques (fluorescence: μSXRF and diffraction: μXRD) at high spatial resolution in growth direction. Zn showed the only significant enrichment of the trace elements studied (Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, Co, Mo and Ba), with values in the outermost surface layers of up to sixfold higher than those found in older core parts. The high-resolution Zn profiles provide the necessary temporal resolution for a dating method analogous to dendrochronology. Profiles in various samples collected for two decades were matched, and the overlapping sections were used for an estimation of the accretion rates. Assuming a continuous accretion of these relatively fast-growing nodules (on the average of 20 μm year−1 over the last century), the Zn enrichment was assessed to have commenced around 1860/1870 in nodules from the Kiel Bight (BG) and in 1880/1890 in those from Mecklenburg Bight (MB). Apart from the obvious success with Zn, other anthropogenic trace metals like Cu and Cd are not enriched at all, which, together with the distinct early diagenetic Fe/Mn banding, weaken the potential of the nodules for retrospective monitoring. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERROMANGANESE
KW  - MICROCHEMISTRY
KW  - TRACE metal
KW  - Baltic Sea
KW  - Dating
KW  - Ferromanganese nodules
KW  - Microanalysis
KW  - Trace metals
N1  - Accession Number: 7756613; Hlawatsch, S. 1 Garbe-Schönberg, C.D. 2 Lechtenberg, F. 3 Manceau, A. 4 Tamura, N. 5 Kulik, D.A. 6 Kersten, M. 7; Email Address: michael.kersten@uni-mainz.de; Affiliation:  1: GEOMAR, Wischofstr. 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany  2: Institute of Geosciences, University of Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40-60, 24118 Kiel, Germany  3: Roentgen-Analytik-Service, Katenkoppel 12, 25524 Itzehoe, Germany  4: Environmental Geochemistry Group, LGIT-IRIGM, CNRS, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France  5: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Waste Management Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villingen-PSI, Switzerland  7: Geoscience Institute, Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, Germany; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 182 Issue 2-4, p697; Subject Term: FERROMANGANESE; Subject Term: MICROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: TRACE metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baltic Sea; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromanganese nodules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microanalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trace metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibson, John K.
T1  - Gas-phase chemistry of actinide ions: probing the distinctive character of the 5f elements
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/02/15/
VL  - 214
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Recent years have witnessed an increased level of activity in the study of gas-phase chemistry of bare and oxo-ligated actinide ions. The intent of this report is to summarize some key accomplishments in gas-phase actinide ion chemistry. Early work on thorium and uranium is described along with an account of recent results for the more radioactive synthetic actinides. Reactions of bare and oxo-ligated actinide ions with hydrocarbons have been a central focus of study and reveal important insights into actinide chemistry. Also briefly summarized are a few representative reactions with other types of substrates. Some results for the homologous lanthanide elements are included for comparison. Other types of reactions are also considered with an emphasis on the unique behavior of the actinides. Future prospects in the field of gas-phase actinide ion chemistry are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - THORIUM
KW  - 5f Elements
KW  - Actinides
KW  - Lanthanides
KW  - Metal ion chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 7771436; Gibson, John K. 1; Email Address: gibsonjk@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 5505, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 214 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: THORIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5f Elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal ion chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Benjamin T.
AU  - Muller, Susan J.
AU  - Denn, Morton M.
T1  - Convergence of a regularization method for creeping flow of a Bingham material about a rigid sphere
JO  - Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
JF  - Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
Y1  - 2002/02/15/
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
SN  - 03770257
AB  - Creeping flow around a solid sphere is solved numerically using two regularized constitutive equations that approximate a Bingham material. The yield surface cannot be easily established from contours of the yield stress obtained with finite values of the regularization parameter due to numerical constraints. The outer yield surface can be estimated from the values of the normalized second invariant of the deformation rate that are invariant with respect to the regularization parameter, and the limiting solution for creeping flow of a Bingham material about a rigid sphere appears to be achieved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - VISCOPLASTICITY
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - Bingham material
KW  - Regularization
KW  - Viscoplasticity
KW  - Yield stress
N1  - Accession Number: 7744627; Liu, Benjamin T. 1,2 Muller, Susan J. 1,2; Email Address: muller2@socrates.berkeley.edu Denn, Morton M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  3: The Benjamin Levich Institute for Physico-Chemical Hydrodynamics, City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 102 Issue 2, p179; Subject Term: VISCOPLASTICITY; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bingham material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regularization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscoplasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield stress; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeo, Hye-Jeong
AU  - Ziegelin, Günter
AU  - Korolev, Sergey
AU  - Calendar, Richard
AU  - Lanka, Erich
AU  - Waksman, Gabriel
T1  - Phage P4 origin-binding domain structure reveals a mechanism for regulation of DNA-binding activity by homo- and heterodimerization of winged helix proteins.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2002/02/15/
VL  - 43
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 855
EP  - 867
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Summary The origin-binding domain of the gpα protein of phage P4 (P4-OBD) mediates origin recognition and regulation of gpα activity by the protein Cnr. We have determined the crystal structure of P4-OBD at 2.95 Å resolution. The structure of P4-OBD is that of a dimer with pseudo twofold symmetry. Each subunit has a winged helix topology with a unique structure among initiator proteins. The only structural homologue of the P4-OBD subunit is the DNA-binding domain of the eukaryotic transcriptional activator Rfx1. Based on this structural alignment, a model for origin recognition by the P4-OBD dimer is suggested. P4-OBD mutations that interfere with Cnr binding locate to the dimer interface, indicating that Cnr acts by disrupting the gpα dimer. P4-OBD dimerization is mediated by helices α 1 and α 3 in both subunits, a mode of winged helix protein dimerization that is reminiscent of that of the eukaryotic transcription factors E2F and DP. This, in turn, suggests that Cnr is also a winged helix protein, a possibility that is supported by previously unreported sequence homologies between Cnr and Rfx1 and homology modelling. Hence, in a mechanism that appears to be conserved from phage to man, the DNA-binding activity of winged helix proteins can be regulated by other winged helix proteins via the versatile use of the winged helix motif as a homo- or heterodimerization scaffold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DNA-protein interactions
KW  - Protein binding
N1  - Accession Number: 6394312; Yeo, Hye-Jeong 1; Ziegelin, Günter 2; Korolev, Sergey 3; Calendar, Richard 4; Lanka, Erich 2; Waksman, Gabriel 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Campus Box 8231, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St Louis, MO 63110, USA.; 2: Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, Ihnestrasse 73, Dahlem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.; 3: Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Bld., 9700 Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; 4: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 401 Barker Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3204, USA.; Issue Info: Feb2002, Vol. 43 Issue 4, p855; Subject Term: DNA-protein interactions; Subject Term: Protein binding; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02796.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gor'kov, Lev P.
AU  - Kresin, Vladimir Z.
T1  - Josephson junction with an antiferromagnetic barrier
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/02/15/
VL  - 367
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Josephson currents through an antiferromagnetic barrier are studied. The case of the spin-valve structure when the barrier is formed by ferromagnetic layers ordered antiferromagnetically in the direction perpendicular to the current (the A-structure) turns out to be most interesting. The current can be controlled and even switched off by an external magnetic field. A most remarkable feature is appearance of rapid oscillations in the current amplitudes as a function of the field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - JOSEPHSON junctions
KW  - Antiferromagnetic barrier
KW  - Canting
KW  - Magneto-oscilations
N1  - Accession Number: 7739945; Gor'kov, Lev P. 1,2 Kresin, Vladimir Z. 3; Email Address: vzkresin@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: L.D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117334 Moscow, Russia  3: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 367 Issue 1-4, p103; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: JOSEPHSON junctions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiferromagnetic barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-oscilations; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Latyshev, Yu.I.
AU  - Koshelev, A.E.
AU  - Pavlenko, V.N.
AU  - Gaifullin, M.B.
AU  - Yamashita, T.
AU  - Matsuda, Yuji
T1  - Novel features of Josephson flux flow in Bi-2212: contribution of in-plane dissipation, coherent response to mm-wave radiation, size effect
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/02/15/
VL  - 367
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We studied Josephson flux flow (JFF) in Bi-2212 stacks fabricated from single crystal whiskers by focused ion beam technique. For long junctions with the in-plane sizes <f>30×2</f> <f>μ</f>m<f>2</f>, we found considerable contribution of the in-plane dissipation to the JFF resistivity, <f>ρJff</f>, at low temperatures. According to recent theory [A. Koshelev, Phys. Rev. B 62 (2000) R3616] that results in quadratic type dependence of <f>ρJff(B)</f> with the following saturation. The I–V characteristics in the JFF regime also can be described consistently by that theory. In the JFF regime we found Shapiro-step response to the external mm-wave radiation. The step position is proportional to the frequency of applied microwaves and corresponds to the Josephson emission from all the 60 intrinsic junctions of the stack being synchronized. That implies the coherence of the JFF over the whole thickness of the stack and demonstrates the possibility of synchronization of intrinsic junctions by the magnetic field. We also found a threshold character of the appearance of the JFF branch on the I–V characteristic with the increase of magnetic field, the threshold field <f>Bt</f> being scaled with the junction size perpendicular to the field <f>L (L=30–1.4 μ</f>m<f>)</f>, as <f>Bt&ap;Φ0/Ls</f>, where s is the interlayer spacing. On the I–V characteristics of small stacks in the JFF regime we found Fiske-step features associated with resonance of Josephson radiation with the main resonance cavity mode in transmission line formed by stacks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - JOSEPHSON effect
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Fiske steps
KW  - Josephson emission
KW  - Josephson flux flow
N1  - Accession Number: 7739997; Latyshev, Yu.I. 1,2 Koshelev, A.E. 3 Pavlenko, V.N. 1,2; Email Address: vit@iname.com Gaifullin, M.B. 4 Yamashita, T. 1 Matsuda, Yuji 4; Affiliation:  1: RIEC, Tohoku University, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  2: Institute of Radio-Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 11-7 Mokhovaya Str., Moscow 101999, Russia  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 367 Issue 1-4, p365; Subject Term: JOSEPHSON effect; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiske steps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Josephson emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Josephson flux flow; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Zhu, Wei
AU  - Felder, Christoph A.
AU  - Mueller, Klaus
AU  - Welsh, Tomihisa F.
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - de Leon, Mony J.
T1  - Changes in brain functional homogeneity in subjects with Alzheimer's disease
JO  - Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section
JF  - Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section
Y1  - 2002/02/15/
VL  - 114
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 09254927
AB  - Imaging studies have reported marked reductions in brain glucose metabolism in Alzheimer''s Disease (AD). However, less is known about disruptions in the patterns of brain metabolic activity. Here we questioned whether AD affects the patterns of homogeneity/heterogeneity in brain metabolism. PET images of 35 AD subjects were compared with those of 35 controls. A template was applied to extract a cortical rim, which was partitioned into 990 contiguous regions. Estimates of metabolic homogeneity were obtained using the coefficient of variation (CV). The CV of the entire cortex was found to be significantly larger in AD, suggesting increased heterogeneity at the whole brain level. In contrast, regional CV was significantly lower in AD in temporal and parietal cortices, which were the regions that along with the precuneus had the largest metabolic decrements, though the precuneus had increased CV. The enhanced heterogeneity for the global cortical pattern most likely reflects variability in the degree of pathology among brain regions as well as neuroanatomical disconnection. The enhanced homogeneity in parietal and temporal cortices is likely to reflect loss of regional differentiation (i.e. macrocolumnar disorganization). The enhanced CV in precuneus, despite its marked reductions in metabolism, suggests that increases in regional homogeneity in parietal and temporal cortices are not a mere reflection of the decrement in metabolism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BRAIN function localization
KW  - ALZHEIMER'S disease
KW  - Coefficient of variation (CV)
KW  - Discriminant analysis
KW  - FDG
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Laterality
KW  - Positron emission tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 7760215; Volkow, Nora D. 1,2; Email Address: volkow@bnl.gov Zhu, Wei 3 Felder, Christoph A. 1 Mueller, Klaus 4 Welsh, Tomihisa F. 4 Wang, Gene-Jack 1 de Leon, Mony J. 5,6; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Bldg. 490, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  3: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  4: Department of Computer Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  5: Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA  6: Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 114 Issue 1, p39; Subject Term: BRAIN function localization; Subject Term: ALZHEIMER'S disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coefficient of variation (CV); Author-Supplied Keyword: Discriminant analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: FDG; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laterality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron emission tomography; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knickelbein, Mark B.
T1  - <atl>Adsorbate-induced enhancement of the magnetic moments of iron clusters
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/02/19/
VL  - 353
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Magnetic deflection measurements were performed on <f>Fen</f> and <f>FenHm (n=10–25)</f> in a molecular beam experiment. The observed high-field deflections were analyzed using the Langevin/Curie law model of superparamagnetism to extract the intrinsic magnetic moments. For <f>n&ges;13</f>, hydrogenation increased the magnetic moments of the iron clusters substantially. The enhancement was largest for <f>Fe13</f> in which a factor of two increase in magnetic moment was observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
N1  - Accession Number: 7753899; Knickelbein, Mark B. 1; Email Address: knickelbein@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 353 Issue 3/4, p221; Subject Term: IRON compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamataka, Hiroshi
AU  - Aida, Misako
AU  - Dupuis, Michel
T1  - <atl>Analysis of borderline substitution/electron transfer pathways from direct ab initio MD simulations
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/02/19/
VL  - 353
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 310
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for the borderline reaction pathways in the reaction of <f>CH2O⋅−</f> with <f>CH3Cl</f>. The simulations reveal distinctive features of three types of mechanisms passing through the <f>SN2</f>-like transition state (TS): (i) a direct formation of <f>SN2</f> products, (ii) a direct formation of ET products, and (iii) a two-step formation of ET products via the <f>SN2</f> valley. The direct formation of the ET product through the <f>SN2</f>-like TS appears to be more favorable at higher temperatures. The two-step process depends on the amount of energy that goes into the C–C stretching mode. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 7753912; Yamataka, Hiroshi 1; Email Address: yamataka@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp Aida, Misako 2; Email Address: maida@hiroshima-u.ac.jp Dupuis, Michel 3; Email Address: michel.dupuis@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan  2: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, EMLS/K8-91, Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 353 Issue 3/4, p310; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferrere, Suzanne
T1  - New photosensitizers based upon [FeII(L)2(CN)2] and [FeIIL3], where L is substituted 2,2′-bipyridine
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/20/
VL  - 329
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Ultrafast electron transfer in the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has made it possible to use iron(II) polypyridyl complexes as photosensitizers [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120 (1998) 843]. Although ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes comprise an extensively studied and widely utilized photochemical system, comparatively little is known about the photoproperties of their iron analogues. The syntheses and solution properties of the complexes [FeII(L)2(CN)2] and [FeIIL3] for a series of L, where L is a 2,2′-bipyridine derivative, are presented here. We compare the solvatochromism of [FeII(4,4′-dicarboxylic acid-2,2′-bipyridine)2(CN)2] to [FeII(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)2(CN)2] and discuss general trends in the electrochemistry and absorption properties within the series. The solvatochromism of these complexes is discussed in terms of their use in a dye sensitized TiO2 solar cell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANOIRON compounds
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - BIPYRIDINIUM compounds
KW  - Bipyridine complexes
KW  - Iron complexes
KW  - Photosensitizers
N1  - Accession Number: 7759152; Ferrere, Suzanne 1; Email Address: suzanne_ferrere@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Center for Basic Sciences, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 329 Issue 1, p79; Subject Term: ORGANOIRON compounds; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: BIPYRIDINIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bipyridine complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosensitizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, Cynthia B.
AU  - Nelson, David O.
AU  - Pleshanov, Pavel
AU  - Jones, Irene M.
T1  - Induction and decline of HPRT mutants and deletions following a low dose radiation exposure at Chernobyl
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/02/20/
VL  - 499
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 00275107
AB  - This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of mutation in the hypoxanthine-phosphoribosyltransferase gene (HPRT) to detect radiation-induced mutation in lymphocytes of Russian Chernobyl Clean-up workers, particularly as a function of time after exposure. It is part of a multi-endpoint study comparing HPRT mutation with chromosome translocation and glycophorin A mutation [Radiat. Res. 148 (1997) 463], and extends an earlier report on HPRT [Mutat. Res. 431 (1999) 233] by including data from all 9 years of our study (versus the first 6 years) and analysis of deletion size. Blood samples were collected from 1991 to 1999. HPRT mutant frequency (MF) as determined by the cloning assay was elevated 16% in Clean-up workers (<F>N=300</F>, the entire group minus one outlier) compared to Russian Controls (<F>N=124</F>) when adjusted for age and smoking status (<F>P=0.028</F>). Since exposures occurred over a short relative to the long sampling period, the year of sampling corresponded roughly to the length of time since exposure (correlation <F>coefficient=0.94</F>). When date of blood sample was considered, Control MF was not time dependent. Clean-up worker MF was estimated to be 47% higher than Control MF in 1991 (<F>P=0.004</F>) and to decline 4.4% per year thereafter (<F>P=0.03</F>). A total of 1123 Control mutants and 2799 Clean-up worker mutants were analyzed for deletion type and size by PCR assay for retention of HPRT exons and flanking markers on the X chromosome. There was little difference between the overall deletion spectra of Clean-up workers and Controls. However, there was a decline in the average size of deletions of Clean-up workers as time after exposure at Chernobyl increased from 6 to 13 years (<F>P≤0.05</F>). The results illustrate the sensitivity of HPRT somatic mutation as a biomarker for populations with low dose radiation exposure, and the dependence of this sensitivity on time elapsed since radiation exposure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - Chernobyl
KW  - Deletion
KW  - HPRT
KW  - Human
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 7751337; Thomas, Cynthia B. 1 Nelson, David O. 1 Pleshanov, Pavel 2 Jones, Irene M. 1; Email Address: jones20@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-441, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Applied Ecology Research Laboratory, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 499 Issue 2, p177; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chernobyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deletion; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPRT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terry, J.
AU  - Schulze, R.K.
AU  - Farr, J.D.
AU  - Zocco, T.
AU  - Heinzelman, K.
AU  - Rotenberg, E.
AU  - Shuh, D.K.
AU  - Van der Laan, G.
AU  - Arena, D.A.
AU  - Tobin, J.G.
T1  - <atl>5f Resonant photoemission from plutonium
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/02/20/
VL  - 499
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - L141
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Experimental resonant photoemission (ResPes) results for <f>α</f>-Pu and <f>δ</f>-Pu bulk samples are presented and compared to the results of an atomic model calculation. Both Pu samples exhibit limited agreement with the atomic model calculations. As expected, <f>α</f>-Pu appears to have more 5f valence band delocalization than <f>δ</f>-Pu. Evidence of an enhanced sensitivity to surface corruption, by using synchrotron radiation as the excitation, is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Polycrystalline surfaces
KW  - Surface structure, morphology, roughness and topography
KW  - Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7757072; Terry, J. 1,2 Schulze, R.K. 1,2 Farr, J.D. 1,2 Zocco, T. 1,2 Heinzelman, K. 3,4 Rotenberg, E. 3,4 Shuh, D.K. 3,4 Van der Laan, G. 5 Arena, D.A. 6,7 Tobin, J.G. 6,7; Email Address: tobin1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  5: Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD, UK  6: Department of Chemistry and Material Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, L-357, 94550 Livermore CA, USA  7: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 499 Issue 1, pL141; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystalline surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure, morphology, roughness and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hadi, Masood Z.
AU  - Ginalski, Krzysztof
AU  - Nguyen, Lam H.
AU  - Wilson III, David M.
T1  - Determinants in Nuclease Specificity of Ape1 and Ape2, Human Homologues of Escherichia coli Exonuclease III
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/02/22/
VL  - 316
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 853
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Abasic sites and non-conventional 3′-ends, e.g. 3′-oxidized fragments (including 3′-phosphate groups) and 3′-mismatched nucleotides, arise at significant frequency in the genome due to spontaneous decay, oxidation or replication errors. To avert the potentially mutagenic or cytotoxic effects of these chromosome modifications/intermediates, organisms are equipped with apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases and 3′-nucleases that initiate repair. Ape1, which shares homology with Escherichia coli exonuclease III (ExoIII), is the major abasic endonuclease in mammals and an important, yet selective, contributor to 3′-end processing. Mammals also possess a second protein (Ape2) with sequence homology to ExoIII, but this protein exhibits comparatively weak AP site-specific and 3′-nuclease activities. Prompted by homology modeling studies, we found that substitutions in the hydrophobic pocket of Ape1 (comprised of F266, W280 and L282) reduce abasic incision potency about fourfold to 450,000-fold, while introduction of an ExoIII-like pocket into Ape2 enhances its AP endonuclease function. We demonstrate that mutations at F266 and W280 of Ape1 increase 3′ to 5′ DNA exonuclease activity. These results, coupled with prior comparative sequence analysis, indicate that this active-site hydrophobic pocket influences the substrate specificity of a diverse set of sequence-related proteins possessing the conserved four-layered α/β-fold. Lastly, we report that wild-type Ape1 excises 3′-mismatched nucleotides at a rate up to 374-fold higher than correctly base-paired nucleotides, depending greatly on the structure and sequence of the DNA substrate, suggesting a novel, selective role for the human protein in 3′-mismatch repair. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXONUCLEASES
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - abasic endonuclease
KW  - Ape1
KW  - Ape2
KW  - exonuclease III
KW  - mismatch repair
N1  - Accession Number: 8498058; Hadi, Masood Z. Ginalski, Krzysztof Nguyen, Lam H. 1 Wilson III, David M.; Affiliation:  1: Molecular and Structural Biology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-441, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 316 Issue 3, p853; Subject Term: EXONUCLEASES; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Author-Supplied Keyword: abasic endonuclease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ape1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ape2; Author-Supplied Keyword: exonuclease III; Author-Supplied Keyword: mismatch repair; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jmbi.2001.5382
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solomatov, V.S.
AU  - El-Khozondar, R.
AU  - Tikare, V.
T1  - Grain size in the lower mantle: constraints from numerical modeling of grain growth in two-phase systems
JO  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
JF  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 129
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
SN  - 00319201
AB  - The lower mantle is believed to deform in the grain size-sensitive creep regime. Analysis of physical processes in the convective mantle suggests that the grain size is probably very small immediately after the phase transformations at 660 km depth and is controlled by subsequent grain growth. It was proposed that the microstructural evolution of two-phase aggregates eventually reaches an asymptotic regime in which grain growth in both phases is coupled due to Zener pinning and obeys a power-law scaling relationship <f>d∝t1/n</f>. We performed Monte Carlo simulations for a particular case in which grain growth is controlled by diffusion along grain boundaries (<f>n=4</f>) and found a good agreement with theoretical predictions. On geological time scales the grain size of (Mg, Fe)-perovskite is controlled by Ostwald ripening of magnesiowu¨stite and Ca-perovskite. However, the physical parameters are poorly constrained and the grain size remains highly uncertain. If the rate-limiting process is silicon diffusion, the coarsening exponent is likely to be <f>n=3</f> and the grain size is likely to be 100–1000 <f>μ</f>m. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - ROCKS -- Creep
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - MANTLE
KW  - Grain size
KW  - Lower mantle
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 7761975; Solomatov, V.S. 1; Email Address: slava@nmsu.edu El-Khozondar, R. 1; Email Address: relkhozo@nmsu.edu Tikare, V. 2; Email Address: vtikare@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  2: Materials Modeling and Simulation, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1405, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 129 Issue 3/4, p265; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: ROCKS -- Creep; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: MANTLE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain size; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lower mantle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maienschein, Jon L.
AU  - Garcia, F.
T1  - Thermal expansion of TATB-based explosives from 300 to 566 K
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 00406031
AB  - We report thermal expansion measurements and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) for LX-17-1 (92.5 wt.% 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), 7.5 wt.% Kel-F 800) from 300 to 558 K. Samples uniaxially-compressed at 300 K show an axial CTE of <F>(2.7+0.42T)×10−6</F> K−1 and a radial CTE of <F>(48+0.16T)×10−6</F> K−1; the different axial and radial CTE indicate a small degree of alignment of the TATB molecules under uniaxial compression. LX-17-1 that was pressed in a die heated to 375 K showed additional growth in the 350–400 K temperature range during heating; apparently residual strain is produced in the heated Kel-F during pressing and is released when the material is reheated and the Kel-F softens. We observed irreversible “ratchet” growth from temperature cycling, and also found that LX-17-1 continues to expand when held at 524–558 K for periods of 4–5 h. Self-heating during thermal soak at 546–566 K indicated exothermic thermal decomposition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Decomposition
KW  - Explosives
KW  - TATB
KW  - Thermal expansion
KW  - TMA
N1  - Accession Number: 7758936; Maienschein, Jon L. 1; Email Address: maienschein1@llnl.gov Garcia, F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energetic Materials Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-282, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p71; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosives; Author-Supplied Keyword: TATB; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMA; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manaa, M.R.
AU  - Schmidt, R.D.
AU  - Overturf, G.E.
AU  - Watkins, B.E.
AU  - Fried, L.E.
AU  - Kolb, J.R.
T1  - Towards unraveling the photochemistry of TATB
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 00406031
AB  - A combined theoretical and experimental chemical analysis has been conducted to unravel the mechanism, underlying the color change of yellow 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) to green upon UV irradiation. There is a strong evidence to show, for the first time, that the process is photochemical in nature and due to the formation of the mono nitroso derivative. We have identified a chemical synthesis by which this derivative compound can be produced in the laboratory, thus allowing for direct testing and determination of its chemical and physical properties. Calculations also show only a slight decrease in the sensitivity and performance of the irradiated materials, attributed to the formation of this previously unidentified species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB)
KW  - Green TATB
KW  - Mass spectroscopy
KW  - Photochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 7758937; Manaa, M.R. 1; Email Address: manaa1@llnl.gov Schmidt, R.D. 1 Overturf, G.E. 1 Watkins, B.E. 1 Fried, L.E. 1 Kolb, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energetic Materials Center, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-282 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p85; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB); Author-Supplied Keyword: Green TATB; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photochemistry; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pagoria, Philip F.
AU  - Lee, Gregory S.
AU  - Mitchell, Alexander R.
AU  - Schmidt, Robert D.
T1  - A review of energetic materials synthesis
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 00406031
AB  - Energetic materials (explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics) are used extensively for both civilian and military applications. There are ongoing research programs worldwide to develop pyrotechnics with reduced smoke and new explosives and propellants with higher performance or enhanced insensitivity to thermal or shock insults. In recent years, the synthesis of energetic, heterocyclic compounds have received a great amount of interest. Heterocycles generally have a higher heat of formation, density, and oxygen balance than their carbocyclic analogues. This review will concentrate on recent advances in the synthesis of heterocycles as energetic materials and will complement the excellent review of recent advances in energetic materials published in 1998 by Agrawal [Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 24 (1998) 1]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Energetic materials
KW  - Heterocycles
KW  - Synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7758946; Pagoria, Philip F. 1; Email Address: e676928@popcorn.llnl.gov Lee, Gregory S. 1 Mitchell, Alexander R. 1 Schmidt, Robert D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energetic Materials Center, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-282, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p187; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energetic materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocycles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Alexander R.
AU  - Coburn, Michael D.
AU  - Schmidt, Robert D.
AU  - Pagoria, Philip F.
AU  - Lee, Gregory S.
T1  - Advances in the chemical conversion of surplus energetic materials to higher value products
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 00406031
AB  - The demilitarization of nuclear and conventional munitions in Russia and the West is producing millions of pounds of surplus energetic materials. Historically, energetic materials (high explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics) have been disposed by open burning/open detonation (OB/OD). The use of OB/OD is becoming unacceptable due to public concerns and increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Our goal is to develop environmentally sound and cost-effective alternatives to OB/OD. We have investigated the use of recycled high explosives as raw materials for producing a variety of higher value products. In this paper, we review chemical conversion activities with an emphasis on recent work from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Energetic materials
KW  - OB/OD
KW  - Phloroglucinol
N1  - Accession Number: 7758947; Mitchell, Alexander R. 1; Email Address: mitchell4@llnl.gov Coburn, Michael D. 1 Schmidt, Robert D. 1 Pagoria, Philip F. 1 Lee, Gregory S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energetic Materials Center, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-282, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p205; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energetic materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: OB/OD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phloroglucinol; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berghout, H.L.
AU  - Son, S.F.
AU  - Skidmore, C.B.
AU  - Idar, D.J.
AU  - Asay, B.W.
T1  - Combustion of damaged PBX 9501 explosive
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 00406031
AB  - Impact or thermal ignition of high explosives (HE) results in deformation that can lead to damage. Fractures or defects, combined with sufficient pressure, dramatically increase the available surface area and potentially changes even the mode of combustion. Recent impact and cookoff experiments on PBX 9501, (HMX, octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine, with a plasticized, Estane-based binder), have shown complex cracking patterns caused by impact or pressurization. Fast reactive waves have been observed to propagate through the cracks at hundreds of meters per second. We present experiments that examine the combustion of mechanically and thermally damaged samples of PBX 9501. Mechanically damaged samples, damaged by quasi-static compression, exhibit large, ∼200 μm stress fracture accompanied by extensive rubblization. Combustion experiments determine a <F>1.4±0.6</F> MPa critical pressure for the onset of violent convective combustion, consistent with connected porosity of 25 μm. Thermally damaged samples, damaged by heating in a 180 °C oven for 30 min, exhibit 2–20 μm cracks distributed throughout the sample. Combustion experiments indicate a <F>9.2±0.4</F> MPa critical pressure for the onset of violent convective combustion in the thermally damaged sample, consistent with connected porosity of 4 μm. Below the critical pressure, the burn rate and pressure exponent of thermally damaged PBX 9501 are close to those of the pristine material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Explosives
KW  - HMX
KW  - PBX 9501
N1  - Accession Number: 7758952; Berghout, H.L. Son, S.F. 1; Email Address: son@lanl.gov Skidmore, C.B. 1 Idar, D.J. 1 Asay, B.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: High Explosives Sci. & Tech group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS C920, Los Alamos, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p261; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosives; Author-Supplied Keyword: HMX; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBX 9501; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hobbs, Michael L.
T1  - HMX decomposition model to characterize thermal damage
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 00406031
AB  - Thermal decomposition of the crystalline explosive, octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), is modeled using percolation theory in order to characterize thermal damage. Percolation theory has been used historically to describe fluid flow through a network of permeable and impermeable sites. To describe thermal decomposition, the permeable and impermeable sites are related to broken or unbroken bonds. For HMX, N2O groups are treated as sites connected by oxygen and methyl bridges. Bridges connect the N2O sites by C&z.sbnd;N bonds and by intermolecular attractions between N and O. The gas-phase reaction of N2O with CH2O is also included in the mechanism. Predictions are compared to time-to-explosion data. The state of the condensed material at ignition is characterized by finite HMX-fragments of various molecular weights. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Cookoff
KW  - Decomposition
KW  - HMX
KW  - Percolation theory
KW  - Thermal damage
N1  - Accession Number: 7758955; Hobbs, Michael L. 1; Email Address: mlhobbs@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Engineering Science Center, P.O. Box 5800, MS-0834, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p291; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cookoff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: HMX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Percolation theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal damage; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klassen, S.E.
AU  - Massis, T.M.
AU  - Boespflug, E.P.
AU  - Montoya, B.M.
AU  - Reif, J.L.
T1  - Ion chromatography of energetic materials at Sandia National Laboratories
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
SN  - 00406031
AB  - This paper is a survey of ion chromatography (IC) methods used at Sandia National Laboratories to characterize energetic materials. Information is given for the analysis of a variety of materials including pyrotechnic, explosive, and propellant materials that contain perchlorate, smoke compositions, a primer mixture, and explosive materials such as pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN). An appendix contains details for those who may wish to apply the analyses in their laboratories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Energetic materials
KW  - Explosives
KW  - Ion chromatography
KW  - Propellants
KW  - Pyrotechnic
N1  - Accession Number: 7758958; Klassen, S.E. 1; Email Address: seklass@sandia.gov Massis, T.M. 1 Boespflug, E.P. 1 Montoya, B.M. 1 Reif, J.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Explosive Subsystems and Materials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1452, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p329; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energetic materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosives; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propellants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrotechnic; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celina, Mathew
AU  - Minier, Leanna
AU  - Assink, Roger
T1  - Development and application of tools to characterize the oxidative degradation of AP/HTPB/Al propellants in a propellant reliability study
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
SN  - 00406031
AB  - The oxidative thermal aging of a cross-linked hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)/isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) polyurethane rubber was studied at temperatures between 25 and 125 °C. Changes in tensile elongation, mechanical hardening, polymer network properties, density, O2 permeation and molecular chain dynamics were investigated as a function of age. The techniques used include solvent swelling, detailed modulus profiling, and NMR relaxation measurements. The Arrhenius methodology, which normally assumes a linear extrapolation of high temperature aging data, is critically evaluated by using extensive data superposition and highly sensitive oxygen consumption measurements. Significant curvature in the Arrhenius diagram of these oxidation rates is observed to be similar to previous results found for other rubber materials that have been evaluated by this technique. Preliminary gel/network properties suggest that cross-linking is the dominant process at higher temperatures. The effect on the oxidation rate of the binder when other constituents found in propellants are present, such as ammonium perchlorate (AP), plasticizer and aluminum powder, is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Aging
KW  - Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Oxidation
N1  - Accession Number: 7758959; Celina, Mathew 1 Minier, Leanna 1; Email Address: lminier@sandia.gov Assink, Roger 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 0836, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p343; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baer, M.R.
T1  - Modeling heterogeneous energetic materials at the mesoscale
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
SN  - 00406031
AB  - The mesoscopic processes of consolidation, deformation, and reaction of shocked porous energetic materials are studied using shock physics analysis of impact on an ensemble of discrete “crystals”. This work provides a foundation for improving our understanding of the processes at the mesoscale to advance continuum-level models for energetic material performance prediction and safety assessment. Highly resolved, three-dimensional numerical simulations indicate that rapid deformation occurs at material contact points, producing large amplitude fluctuations of stress that persist over several particle diameters. Localization of energy produces “hot-spots” due to shock focusing and plastic work near internal boundaries as material flows into interstitial regions. Numerical simulations indicate that “hot-spots” are strongly influenced by multiple crystal interactions. Chemical reaction processes also induce multiple wave structures associated with particle distribution effects. This study provides new insights into the micromechanical behavior of heterogeneous energetic materials, strongly suggesting that important statistical information associated with initiation and sustained reaction in shocked heterogeneous energetic materials may be embedded in fluctuating states that are distinctly different than the single shock jump descriptions traditionally used in continuum level models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Energetic materials
KW  - Hot-spots
KW  - Mesoscale
KW  - Numerical simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 7758960; Baer, M.R. 1; Email Address: mrbaer@mailgate.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department 9100, Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0834, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p351; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energetic materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-spots; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoscale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hobbs, Michael L.
AU  - Romero, Vicente J.
T1  - Uncertainty analysis of decomposing polyurethane foam
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/02/25/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 00406031
AB  - Sensitivity/uncertainty analyses are necessary to determine where to allocate resources for improved predictions in support of our nation’s nuclear safety mission. Yet, sensitivity/uncertainty analyses are not commonly performed on complex combustion models because the calculations are time consuming, CPU intensive, nontrivial exercises that can lead to deceptive results. To illustrate these ideas, a variety of sensitivity/uncertainty analyses were used to determine the uncertainty associated with thermal decomposition of polyurethane foam exposed to high radiative flux boundary conditions. The polyurethane used in this study is a rigid closed-cell foam used as an encapsulant. The response variable was chosen as the steady-state decomposition front velocity. Four different analyses are presented, including (1) an analytical mean value (MV) analysis, (2) a linear surrogate response surface (LIN) using a constrained latin hypercube sampling (LHS) technique, (3) a quadratic surrogate response surface (QUAD) using LHS, and (4) a direct LHS (DLHS) analysis using the full grid and time step resolved finite element model. To minimize the numerical noise, 50 μm elements and approximately 1 ms time steps were required to obtain stable uncertainty results. The complex, finite element foam decomposition model used in this study has 25 input parameters that include chemistry, polymer structure, and thermophysical properties. The surrogate response models (LIN and QUAD) are shown to give acceptable values of the mean and standard deviation when compared to the fully converged DLHS model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Decomposition
KW  - Encapsulant
KW  - Polyurethane
KW  - Sensitivity/uncertainty
KW  - Surrogate response surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 7758963; Hobbs, Michael L. 1; Email Address: mlhobbs@sandia.gov Romero, Vicente J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS-0834, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p393; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Encapsulant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyurethane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity/uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surrogate response surfaces; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gwaltney, Steven R.
AU  - Byrd, Edward F.C.
AU  - Voorhis, Troy Van
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - <atl>A perturbative correction to the quadratic coupled-cluster doubles method for higher excitations
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/02/26/
VL  - 353
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A perturbative correction to the quadratic coupled-cluster doubles (QCCD) method is proposed. This correction, QCCD(2), is based on modifying the existing second-order correction to optimized-orbital coupled-cluster doubles to avoid double-counting contributions from quadruple excitations. Comparisons against full configuration interaction calculations are presented for the equilibrium bond distance and harmonic vibrational frequency of the nitrogen molecule and for the dissociation of the nitrogen and water molecules in the cc-pVDZ basis set. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - MOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 7757155; Gwaltney, Steven R. 1 Byrd, Edward F.C. 1 Voorhis, Troy Van Head-Gordon, Martin; Email Address: mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 353 Issue 5/6, p359; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: MOLECULES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Davis, Alison V.
AU  - Zanni, Martin T.
AU  - Weinkauf, Rainer
AU  - Neumark, Daniel M.
T1  - <atl>Comment on `Iodine effect on the relaxation pathway of photoexcited <f>I−(H2O)n</f> clusters' [Chem. Phys. Lett. 335 (2001) 475]
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/02/26/
VL  - 353
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 455
SN  - 00092614
N1  - Accession Number: 7757169; Davis, Alison V. 1,2 Zanni, Martin T. 3 Weinkauf, Rainer 4 Neumark, Daniel M. 1,2; Email Address: dan@radon.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  4: Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie I, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 353 Issue 5/6, p455; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, Jing-Tai
AU  - Seo, Dong-Kyun
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Synthesis, structures and properties of CaGa, YGa and Y(Ga,Z) phases: a model for the transformation of a CrB to a MoB-type structure in doped YGa phases
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2002/02/28/
VL  - 334
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
SN  - 09258388
AB  - RGa compounds for R=Ca, Y and Y(Ga1−xZx) for Z=Cu or Zn have been synthesized by either arc-melting or direct reactions in sealed Ta containers. The CrB structures of the binary phases have been identified by Guinier powder diffraction, and the MoB-type structure of the new ternary line phase Y(Ga0.8Zn0.2) has been refined by single crystal means: I41/amd, Z=8, a=4.1787(5), c=21.856(4) A˚, <F>R(F)/Rw=3.8/2.7%</F>. A comparable compound is obtained for YGa0.8Cu0.2, but not for Z=Cd or for RGa(Zn) with R=Tb or Er. Resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements on the CrB-type CaGa and YGa demonstrate their metallic properties and the non-applicability of a literal Zintl phase assignment of oxidation states to the latter. A qualitative bonding model is developed for the transformation of CrB-type YGa into the MoB structure of Y(Ga0.8Zn0.2) in terms of interchain σ* interactions of the π-states on the separate chains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - MAGNETIC measurements
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Intermetallics
N1  - Accession Number: 7745524; Zhao, Jing-Tai Seo, Dong-Kyun 1 Corbett, John D.; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 334 Issue 1/2, p110; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETIC measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malkovsky, V.I.
AU  - Pek, A.A.
AU  - Tsang, C.-F.
T1  - Dynamic stabilization of heat-generating liquid waste plume in a sloping aquifer
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/02/28/
VL  - 258
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
SN  - 00221694
AB  - Contaminant transport by groundwater in a sloping aquifer is considered in the case when contaminant plume has a salinity (and density) different from that of the groundwater, and is heat generating. Forced convection is present due to regional groundwater flow and natural convection is also expected to develop due to concentration differences and thermal changes. Such a situation takes place in deep-well disposal of liquid radioactive waste, in which the heat generation is caused by the radioactive decay.Flow and contaminant transport in the aquifer were calculated in 2D approximation in the plane of the aquifer, and the process of heat conduction in confining rocks was described by a 3D model. The set of equations governing flow, heat and mass transfer in the system was solved numerically with use of finite differences technique. Accuracy of numerical solution was checked by comparison with an original analytical solution of the flow problem for concentration-driven convection.It was shown that the influence of the natural convection component could cause acceleration as well as slowing down of the contaminant plume movement depending on system parameters. Results of numerical solution were approximated by a dimensionless analytical expression, which can be used for estimation of the relative impact of different driving forces exerting influence on the contaminant plume movement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GROUNDWATER -- Pollution
KW  - GROUNDWATER flow
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - PLUMES (Fluid dynamics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7747475; Malkovsky, V.I. 1 Pek, A.A. 1 Tsang, C.-F. 2; Email Address: cftsang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Staromonetny per., 35, Moscow 109017, Russian Federation  2: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 258 Issue 1-4, p69; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER -- Pollution; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER flow; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: PLUMES (Fluid dynamics); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choo, Hahn
AU  - Rangaswamy, Partha
AU  - Bourke, Mark A.M.
AU  - Larsen, James M.
T1  - <atl>Thermal expansion anisotropy in a Ti–6Al–4V/SiC composite
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/02/28/
VL  - 325
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
SN  - 09215093
AB  - We studied the thermal expansion behavior of a Ti–6Al–4V/35 vol.% continuous SiC fiber composite using in situ high temperature neutron diffraction (ND). The lattice expansion of constituent phases within the composite was monitored from axial (parallel to the unidirectionally aligned fibers) and transverse (perpendicular to the fibers) directions during heating from room temperature (RT) to 1170 K. The phase-specific thermal expansion of the Ti–6Al–4V matrix and SiC fibers in the composite is discussed in the context of thermal load partitioning between the matrix and fibers. In the axial direction, the matrix and the fiber share the thermal load and co-expand up to about 800–900 K, above which the thermal load transfer becomes ineffective. In the transverse direction, the matrix and fibers expand independently over the whole temperature range. Using the Schapery model (J. Comp. Mater. 2 (1968) 380) and the rule-of-mixtures (ROM), the macroscopic thermal expansion of the composite is predicted and compared with the experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - Composite
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Schapery model
KW  - Thermal expansion
KW  - Thermal load partitioning
KW  - Titanium
N1  - Accession Number: 7756777; Choo, Hahn 1; Email Address: choo@lanl.gov Rangaswamy, Partha 1 Bourke, Mark A.M. 1 Larsen, James M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANSCE-12, Mail Stop H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 325 Issue 1/2, p236; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schapery model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal load partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheng, S.R.
AU  - Sun, G.S.
AU  - Liebe, J.
AU  - Kattwinkel, A.
AU  - Braunstein, R.
AU  - Nelson, B.P.
AU  - von Roedern, B.
AU  - Bärner, K.
T1  - <atl>Electronic properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon–germanium alloys and long-range potential fluctuations
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/02/28/
VL  - 325
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 490
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The charge transport properties and microstructure of hydrogenated amorphous silicon–germanium alloys (a-SiGe:H) prepared by the hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) process as a function of alloy composition have been investigated in detail by employing the photoconductive frequency mixing and small angle X-ray scattering techniques. Evidence for the presence of long-range potential fluctuations in a-SiGe:H alloys is revealed from the measurements of electric field dependence of the drift mobility. The effect of the long-range potential fluctuations is enhanced by the addition of Ge to the alloy system that results in the deterioration of the opto-electronic properties of a-SiGe:H alloys. Through the drift mobility field dependence, the depth and range of the potential fluctuations as a function of alloy composition are determined, and subsequently the charged defect density. It was found that at a composition of ∼10% Ge in Si, the photoresponse begins to decrease monotonically with increasing Ge content due to the decreases in the drift mobility and lifetime as a result of an increase in the concentration of charged defects, which lead to the long-range potential fluctuations whose depth increases, while the range decreases. The sharp changes in these parameters are demonstrated to be attributed to a concurrent abruptly increased structural heterogeneity due to the introduction of microvoids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM alloys
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - Amorphous semiconductors
KW  - Electronic transport
KW  - Long-range potential fluctuations
N1  - Accession Number: 7756807; Sheng, S.R. 1 Sun, G.S. 1 Liebe, J. 1 Kattwinkel, A. 1 Braunstein, R. 1; Email Address: braunstein@physics.ucla.edu Nelson, B.P. 2 von Roedern, B. 2 Bärner, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: IV. Physics Institute, University of Göttingen, Bunsenstr. 11-13, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 325 Issue 1/2, p490; Subject Term: GERMANIUM alloys; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long-range potential fluctuations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexopoulos, T.
AU  - Anderson, E.W.
AU  - Bujak, A.T.
AU  - Carmony, D.D.
AU  - Erwin, A.R.
AU  - Gutay, L.J.
AU  - Hirsch, A.S.
AU  - Nelson, K.S.
AU  - Porile, N.T.
AU  - Oh, S.H.
AU  - Scharenberg, R.P.
AU  - Srivastava, B.K.
AU  - Stringfellow, B.C.
AU  - Turkot, F.
AU  - Warchol, J.
AU  - Walker, W.D.
T1  - Evidence for hadronic deconfinement in <f>p¯–p</f> collisions at 1.8 TeV
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/02/28/
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We have measured deconfined hadronic volumes, <f>4.4<V<13.0</f> fm3, produced by a one-dimensional (1D) expansion. These volumes are directly proportional to the charged particle pseudorapidity densities <f>6.75<dNc/dη<20.2</f>. The hadronization temperature is <f>T=179.5±5</f>(syst) MeV. Using Bjorken''s 1D model, the hadronization energy density is <f>∊F=1.10±0.26</f>(stat) GeV<f>/</f>fm3 corresponding to an excitation of <f>24.8±6.2</f>(stat) quark–gluon degrees of freedom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7762523; Alexopoulos, T. 1 Anderson, E.W. 2 Bujak, A.T. 3 Carmony, D.D. 3 Erwin, A.R. 1 Gutay, L.J. 3 Hirsch, A.S. 3 Nelson, K.S. 1 Porile, N.T. 4 Oh, S.H. 5 Scharenberg, R.P. 3; Email Address: schrnbrg@physics.purdue.edu Srivastava, B.K. 4 Stringfellow, B.C. 3 Turkot, F. 6 Warchol, J. 7 Walker, W.D. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  5: Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27706, USA  6: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  7: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p43; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Kenik, E.A.
AU  - Mousa, M.S.
AU  - Russell, K.F.
AU  - Bryhan, A.J.
T1  - Improvement in the ductility of molybdenum alloys due to grain boundary segregation
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/02/28/
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 13596462
AB  - An improvement in the tensile ductility from the traditional 3–20% in 6.35-mm-thick molybdenum weldments has been achieved through the addition of Zr, Al, C and B at the ppm level. Atom probe tomography has revealed segregation of Zr, B and C to and depletion of O at the grain boundaries in the base metal and the heat affected zone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Atom probe
KW  - Ductility
KW  - Grain boundary
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - Segregation
N1  - Accession Number: 9097254; Miller, M.K. 1; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Kenik, E.A. 1 Mousa, M.S. 1 Russell, K.F. 1 Bryhan, A.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  2: Consultant, San Jose, CA 95124 USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p299; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segregation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Lisa M.
AU  - Tague Jr., Thomas J.
T1  - Development and biomedical applications of fluorescence-assisted synchrotron infrared micro-spectroscopy
JO  - Vibrational Spectroscopy
JF  - Vibrational Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2002/02/28/
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 09242031
AB  - It has become increasingly clear that infrared micro-spectroscopy (IRMS) can be an extremely valuable analysis tool when determining the chemical composition of biological and biomedical samples. Frequently, fluorescence illumination is required for sample characterization, which previously required the use of a separate optical microscope. We report the development and use of a single microscope for both fluorescence microscopy and synchrotron IRMS. This unique combination has been used to identify changes in the composition of newly remodeled bone after the onset of osteoporosis. In addition, other ongoing biomedical applications are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - INFRARED microscopes
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - Bone
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Infrared microspectroscopy
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Osteoporosis
KW  - Synchrotron
N1  - Accession Number: 7778639; Miller, Lisa M. 1; Email Address: lmiller@bnl.gov Tague Jr., Thomas J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Synchrotron Light Source, Building 725D, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Spectra-Tech Inc., 2 Research Drive, Shelton, CT 06484, USA; Source Info: Feb2002, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p159; Subject Term: INFRARED microscopes; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared microspectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Osteoporosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teramo, Kari A
AU  - Schwartz, Robert
AU  - Clemons, Gisela K
AU  - Widness, John A
T1  - Amniotic fluid erythropoietin concentrations differentiate between acute and chronic causes of fetal death.
JO  - Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
JF  - Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 81
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 251
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00016349
AB  - Background. Increased fetal plasma erythropoietin concentration is an indicator of chronic fetal hypoxia. Amniotic fluid erythropoietin levels correlate highly significantly with fetal erythropoietin levels before labor. We studied AF erythropoietin levels after fetal death in order to determine whether this could differentiate between stillbirths from acute or chronic causes. Methods. Amniotic fluid was obtained after fetal death for erythropoietin measurement following fetal death in 21 pregnancies. Two of the pregnancies had twins, of which one infant was born alive. All 22 stillborn fetuses had an autopsy. None had malformations. Without prior knowledge of the results of the erythropoietin analyzes, the causes of fetal death were divided into acute, chronic or unknown groups. Results. Eight pregnancies had an acute cause of fetal death (e.g. cord complication or placental abruption), eight pregnancies had a chronic cause (intrauterine growth restriction or erythroblastosis) and in five pregnancies the cause of fetal death could not be determined. In all eight pregnancies with an acute cause of fetal death, AF erythropoietin levels were normal (< 20 mU/mL). In contrast, six of the eight pregnancies with a chronic cause had AF erythropoietin levels above normal (range from 49.9 mU/mL to 391 mU/mL). In the five pregnancies with an unknown cause of fetal death, AF erythropoietin levels were normal in three and elevated in two. Conclusions. Elevated AF erythropoietin levels, identified after fetal death, suggest that the fetus died from a chronic hypoxic event, whereas normal AF erythropoietin levels suggest that the fetus died from an acute event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMNIOTIC fluid embolism
KW  - FETAL death
KW  - amniotic fluid erythropoietin
KW  - fetal death
N1  - Accession Number: 6468864; Teramo, Kari A 1 Schwartz, Robert 2 Clemons, Gisela K 3 Widness, John A 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, the  2: Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, the  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, and the  4: Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 81 Issue 3, p245; Subject Term: AMNIOTIC fluid embolism; Subject Term: FETAL death; Author-Supplied Keyword: amniotic fluid erythropoietin; Author-Supplied Keyword: fetal death; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1034/j.1600-0412.2002.810310.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Zhang, Keni
AU  - Ding, Chris
AU  - Pruess, K.
AU  - Elmroth, E.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - An efficient parallel-computing method for modeling nonisothermal multiphase flow and multicomponent transport in porous and fractured media
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 03091708
AB  - This paper presents an efficient massively parallel scheme for modeling large-scale multiphase flow, multicomponent transport and heat transfer in porous and fractured reservoirs. The new scheme is implemented into a parallel version of the TOUGH2 code and the numerical performance is tested on a Cray T3E-900 (a distributed-memory parallel computer with 692 processors) and IBM RS/6000 SP (a distributed-memory parallel computer with 3328 processors). The efficiency and robustness of the parallel-computing algorithm are demonstrated by completing three over-million-cell simulations using site-specific data for site characterization. The first application is the development of a three-dimensional unsaturated zone numerical model simulating flow of moisture in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada; the second problem is the modeling of flow of moisture, gas, and heat at the same site. The third application is the study of flow-focusing phenomena through fractures for the same site. Simulation results show that the parallel-computing technique enhances modeling capability by several orders of magnitude in speedup of computing times for large-scale modeling studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - GROUNDWATER mounding
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - Groundwater modeling
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Parallel reservoir simulation
KW  - Transport modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 7764965; Wu, Yu-Shu; Email Address: yswu@lbl.gov Zhang, Keni 1 Ding, Chris 1 Pruess, K. 1 Elmroth, E. Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER mounding; Subject Term: RESERVOIRS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiphase flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel reservoir simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rader, Daniel J.
AU  - Geller, Anthony S.
AU  - Choi, Seung J.
T1  - Particle Deposition in Parallel-Plate Reactors: Simultaneous Diffusion and External Forces.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 266
SN  - 02786826
AB  - Particle deposition resulting from uniform external forces and Brownian motion is modeled in a parallel-plate reactor geometry characteristic of a wide range of semiconductor process tools: uniform, isothermal, downward flow exiting a perforated-plate showerhead separated by a small gap from a parallel, circular wafer. Particle transport is modeled using a Eulerian approach neglecting particle inertia and interception. Particles are assumed to originate in a planar trap located between the plates, such as would result for particles released from a plasma-induced particle trap after plasma extinction. Flow between infinite parallel plates is described by an analytic quasi-one-dimensional creeping flow approximation, where the showerhead is treated as a porous plate. An analytic, integral expression for particle collection efficiency (fraction of particles that end up on the wafer) is derived as a function of four dimensionless parameters: the flow Reynolds number, a dimensionless trap height, a dimensionless particle drift velocity, and the particle Peclet number. Numerical quadrature is used to calculate particle collection efficiency in terms of the controlling dimensionless parameters for external forces, which either enhance or inhibit particle deposition. Example calculations of collection efficiency are also presented in dimensional terms for a representative set of process conditions. Strategies to reduce particle deposition include the use of a protective external force and manipulation of the trap to keep it as far from the wafer as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - ELECTRIC reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 6311627; Rader, Daniel J. 1 Geller, Anthony S. 1 Choi, Seung J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico  2: Science-Based Engineering and Technology Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p251; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: ELECTRIC reactors; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/027868202753504425
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SHVARTSMAN, S. Y.
AU  - HAGAN, M. P.
AU  - YACOUB, A.
AU  - DENT, P.
AU  - WILEY, H. S.
AU  - LAUFFENBURGER, D. A.
T1  - Autocrine loops with positive feedback enable context-dependent cell signaling.
JO  - American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology
JF  - American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - C545
EP  - C559
SN  - 03636143
AB  - We describe a mechanism for context-dependent cell signaling mediated by autocrine loops with positive feedback. We demonstrate that the composition of the extracellular medium can critically influence the intracellular signaling dynamics induced by extracellular stimuli. Specifically, in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) system, amplitude and duration of mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) activation are modulated by the positive-feedback loop formed by the EGFR, the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway, and a ligand-releasing protease. The signaling response to a transient input is short-lived when most of the released ligand is lost to the cellular microenvironment by diffusion and/or interaction with an extracellular ligand-binding component. In contrast, the response is prolonged or persistent in a cell that is efficient in recapturing the endogenous ligand. To study functional capabilities of autocrine loops, we have developed a mathematical model that accounts for ligand release, transport, binding, and intracellular signaling. We find that context-dependent signaling arises as a result of dynamic interaction between the parts of an autocrine loop. Using the model, we can directly interpret experimental observations on context-dependent responses of autocrine cells to ionizing radiation. In human carcinoma cells, MAPK signaling patterns induced by a short pulse of ionizing radiation can be transient or sustained, depending on cell type and composition of the extracellular medium. On the basis of our model, we propose that autocrine loops in this, and potentially other, growth factor and cytokine systems may serve as modules for context-dependent cell signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology is the property of American Physiological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - cross-activation
KW  - epidermal growth factor receptor
KW  - ionizing radiation
KW  - ligand shedding
KW  - mathematical model
KW  - mitogen-activated protein kinase
N1  - Accession Number: 101331080; SHVARTSMAN, S. Y. 1 HAGAN, M. P. 2 YACOUB, A. 2 DENT, P. 2 WILEY, H. S. 3 LAUFFENBURGER, D. A. 4; Email Address: lauffen@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544  2: Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University/Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0058  3: Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  4: Division of Bioengineering and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Engineering, and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 51 Issue 3, pC545; Author-Supplied Keyword: cross-activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: epidermal growth factor receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionizing radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ligand shedding; Author-Supplied Keyword: mathematical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: mitogen-activated protein kinase; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1152/ajpcell.00260.2001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Mohri, Hiroshi
AU  - Ho, David D.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Modeling Deuterated Glucose Labeling of T-lymphocytes
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
JF  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 64
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
SN  - 00928240
AB  - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects cells of the immune system and leads to depletion of CD4 + T cells, and to an increase of CD8 + T-lymphocytes. However, not much is known about the dynamics of turnover (proliferation and death) of the CD4 + and CD8 + T cell populations in HIV-infected and healthy individuals. A new experimental technique has been developed using deuterated-glucose labeling that provides information on cell turnover in vivo. However, the quantitative interpretation of the data requires the development of specific dynamic models. In this paper we derive two models, a simple one-compartment model and a more complex two-compartment model. These models allow for robust quantification of death and proliferation rates, but careful consideration of the system is necessary to understand what is being measured in each case. We demonstrate that more realistic models can account not only for differences in the turnover rates between HIV-infected and healthy individuals, but also take into consideration the elevated state of activation in HIV infection. The use of these models in the interpretation of the experimental data will increase our knowledge of T cell dynamics in the context of HIV infection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of Mathematical Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - CELL proliferation
KW  - CELL death
N1  - Accession Number: 8502735; Ribeiro, Ruy M. 1 Mohri, Hiroshi 2 Ho, David D. 2 Perelson, Alan S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K710, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.  2: Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockfeller University, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 64 Issue 2, p385; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Subject Term: CELL death; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/bulm.2001.0282
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, G.O.
T1  - Review and comparisons of D/R models of equilibrium adsorption of binary mixtures of organic vapors on activated carbons
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 00086223
AB  - Published models and options for predicting equilibrium adsorption capacities of multicomponent mixtures using single component Dubinin/Radushkevich isotherm equations and parameters were reviewed. They were then tested for abilities to predict total and component capacities reported for 93 binary adsorbed mixtures. The best model for calculating molar distributions was the Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST), which balances spreading pressures. Combined with the IAST, total and component capacities were best calculated using either the Lewis or original Bering equation with the Ideal Adsorbed Solution (Raoult’s Law) assumption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - A. Activated carbon
KW  - C. Adsorption, modelling
KW  - D. Phase equilibria
N1  - Accession Number: 9430012; Wood, G.O. 1; Email Address: gerry@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K-486, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p231; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Activated carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Adsorption, modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase equilibria; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, G.A.
AU  - Finfrock, C.C.
T1  - VAPORIZATION OF ELEMENTAL MERCURY FROM MOLTEN LEAD AT LOW CONCENTRATIONS.
JO  - Chemical Engineering Communications
JF  - Chemical Engineering Communications
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 189
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00986445
AB  - Experiments were conducted to measure the rate of vaporization of elemental mercury from molten lead to provide a basis for estimating radiological source terms for the APT (Accelerator Production of Tritium project) lead blanket. These data also have application to other accelerator targets in which mercury may be created by proton spallation in lead. Molten pools of lead with from 0.01% to 0.10% mercury were prepared under inert conditions. Experiments were conducted which varied in duration from several hours to as long as a month to measure the mercury vaporization from the lead pools. The melt pools and gas atmospheres were controlled at 340 degrees C during the tests, above the melting temperature of lead. Parameters which were varied in the tests included the mercury concentrations, gas flow rates over the melt, circulation in the melts, gas atmosphere compositions and the addition of aluminum to the melts. The vaporization of mercury was found to scale roughly linearly with the concentration of mercury in the pool. Variations in the gas flow rates were not found to have any effect on the mass transfer, however circulation of the melt by a submerged stirrer did enhance the mercury vaporization rate. The rate of mercury vaporization under a high-purity argon atmosphere was found to exceed that for an air atmosphere by as much as a factor of from ten to 20; the causal factor in this variation was the formation of an oxide layer over the melt pool with the air atmosphere which retarded mass transfer across the melt-atmosphere interface. Aluminum was introduced into the melt to investigate its effect upon the mercury vaporization rate. No effect was observed for a case under a high-purity argon atmosphere, which suggests that there are no chemical effects of the aluminum on the vaporization kinetics. With an air atmosphere, the presence of aluminum in the melt reduced the mercury vaporization by a factor of six in comparison to the identical test but without aluminum, suggesting that aluminum in the lead/ mercury melt retards the vaporization of mercury by creating a surface oxide layer in addition to the lead-oxide layer or by changing the character of the lead-oxide layer, thereby increasing the mass transfer resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Communications is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - EVAPORATION (Chemistry)
KW  - LEAD
N1  - Accession Number: 10910391; Greene, G.A. 1; Email Address: greene@bnl.gov Finfrock, C.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 189 Issue 3, p391; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: LEAD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kent, Adam J.R.
AU  - Elliott, Tim R.
T1  - Melt inclusions from Marianas arc lavas: implications for the composition and formation of island arc magmas
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 183
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 00092541
AB  - We have measured the major and trace element compositions of a suite of olivine-hosted melt inclusions in basaltic lavas from the islands of Agrigan and Guguan (one sample each) from the Mariana arc, part of the larger Izu–Bonin–Mariana system. The two lava samples examined show distinctly different chemical signatures that are considered to represent the dominance of sediment melt (Agrigan) or fluid (Guguan) components derived from the subducting slab and transferred to the mantle wedge, and thus provide an opportunity to examine melt inclusions from both fluid- and sediment melt-dominated arc melting systems.Un-homogenized melt inclusions from both samples examined, as well as other lavas from the same islands, contain unusual subsilicic amphiboles as mineral inclusions within melt inclusions. Textural evidence, as well as the compositions of laboratory-melted inclusions, suggests that these amphiboles may have been present as an early-formed phenocryst phase and trapped alongside melt within inclusions. Major element compositions of homogenized melt inclusions vary substantially, and in part are attributable to ‘accumulative’ amphibole contributions. Inclusions that appear to contain little or no amphibole component, however, typically have higher MgO and FeOT and lower CaO and Al2O3 contents than their host and associated lavas.Melt inclusions also display a large range of incompatible element abundances. Although the relative abundances of incompatible elements are generally consistent with the composition of lavas from Agrigan and Guguan, melt inclusion compositions are also substantially more variable than lava compositions from these islands. Melt inclusions from the two samples analyzed have Ba/La and [La/Sm]N ratios (chemical indicators of addition of slab-fluid and slab-derived melt components, respectively) similar in magnitude to the entire field of Mariana lava compositions. In general inclusions from Agrigan have higher La/Nb, Th/Nb, U/Nb, [La/Sm]N, [La/Yb]N, K2O/TiO2 and lower Cl/K2O, Ba/La, Ba/Nb, Ba/Th and Ce/Ce* than Guguan melt inclusions. These signatures are consistent with addition of slab-sediment-derived melt and slab-derived fluid to the melting systems beneath Agrigan and Guguan, respectively. We suggest that the large variations apparent in melt inclusion compositions largely represent differences in the flux of slab-derived components to the mantle wedge beneath individual arc melting systems, although small-scale variations in the depletion of the mantle wedge could also play a role. Our data also indicates that the composition of the slab-derived sediment melt supplied to the mantle wedge beneath Agrigan may be compositionally heterogeneous, although a larger data set is required to examine this in further detail.The presence of melt inclusions of highly variable composition in relatively evolved olivine phenocrysts (Fo64–Fo83) show that, regardless of the ultimate cause of the incompatible element variations in melt inclusions, discrete melts of distinctly different compositions persist without substantial intermixing within the magmatic plumbing systems beneath Agrigan and Guguan (and presumably other arc volcanoes) during long intervals of magmatic differentiation. This suggests a model of small batches of magma migrating and differentiating beneath arc volcanoes, with mixing occurring only at a very late and probably shallow stage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAVA
KW  - OLIVINE
KW  - BASALT
KW  - AGRIHAN Island (Northern Mariana Islands)
KW  - NORTHERN Mariana Islands
KW  - Composition
KW  - Formation
KW  - Island arc magma
KW  - Mariana
KW  - Melt inclusion
N1  - Accession Number: 7759073; Kent, Adam J.R. 1; Email Address: ajrk@dlc.ku.dk. Elliott, Tim R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, L-202 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 183 Issue 1-4, p263; Subject Term: LAVA; Subject Term: OLIVINE; Subject Term: BASALT; Subject Term: AGRIHAN Island (Northern Mariana Islands); Subject Term: NORTHERN Mariana Islands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Island arc magma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mariana; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melt inclusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kendrick, Brian K.
AU  - Alden Mead, C.
AU  - Truhlar, Donald G.
T1  - <atl>Properties of nonadiabatic couplings and the generalized Born–Oppenheimer approximation
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 277
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 03010104
AB  - We present a new analysis of the nonadiabatic coupling terms in the coupled equations for nuclear motion wave functions when the Born–Oppenheimer (BO) representation is used for the electronic wave function. The new analysis leads to a criterion for truncating the series and neglecting terms in the coupled equations of motion. We show that in general the nonremovable part of the coupling is of the same magnitude as the removable part, except near intersections of the adiabatic states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - WAVE functions
N1  - Accession Number: 7757085; Kendrick, Brian K. 1; Email Address: bkendric@lanl.gov Alden Mead, C. 2; Email Address: cmead@sprintmail.com Truhlar, Donald G. 3; Email Address: truhlar@umn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (T-12, MS-B268), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: 92 Bartram Road, Savannah, GA 31411, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 277 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: WAVE functions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buckley, Steven G.
AU  - Sawyer, Robert F.
AU  - Koshland, Catherine P.
AU  - Lucas, Donald
T1  - Measurements of lead vapor and particulate in flames and post-flame gases
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 128
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
SN  - 00102180
AB  - We describe several laser fluorescence methods used to measure lead in flames and in post-flame gases. Each relies on excitation of the 7s 3P1 ← 6p2 3P0 transition from the ground state of lead and detection of fluorescence on the 7s 3P1 → 6p2 3P1 and 7s 3P1 → 6p23P2 transitions. Aqueous solutions of lead salts are atomized and injected into a lean flatflame. Dye laser excitation is used to detect the formation of Pb atoms at the flame front, and to obtain a concentration profile in the post flame gases. Excimer laser fragmentation-fluorescence spectroscopy (ELFFS) is used to detect molecular gas-phase and aerosol compounds in the post-flame gases. A single-shot detection limit of 220 ppb for Pb species for the single-laser ELFFS technique has been determined in post-flame gases; the sensitivity of the technique is not seriously affected by the Pb species injected into the flame. A sharp rise in ELFFS Pb signal in the 600 to 750 K region from molecular and aerosol forms of Pb is attributed to homogenous nucleation of PbO. Two-laser fragmentation-fluorescence measurements with a variable delay time between photofragmentation and Pb atom detection indicate that chemical reactions may be an important removal step for Pb at elevated temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLAME
KW  - LEAD
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - EXCIMER lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 7782308; Buckley, Steven G. 1; Email Address: buckley@eng.umd.edu Sawyer, Robert F. 2 Koshland, Catherine P. 3 Lucas, Donald 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Science, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Advanced Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 128 Issue 4, p435; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: EXCIMER lasers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeong-Cherng Liau
AU  - Lyman, John L.
T1  - Modeling Laser-Induced Ignition of Nitramine Propellants With Condensed and Gas-Phase Absorption.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 174
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - 171
SN  - 00102202
AB  - A numerical analysis has been developed to study the laser-induced ignition of nitramine propellants with both condensed-phase and gas-phase absorption. The analysis is based on the time-dependent conservation equations of mass, energy, and species concentration in both the gas and condensed phases. A comprehensive chemical kinetics scheme involving 45 species and 232 steps is used to study the detailed heat-release mechanism in the gas phase. The analysis has been applied to investigate the ignition delay and key chemical processes involved in the laser-induced ignition of HMX monopropellant. Results show gas-phase absorption of laser energy enhances the ignition process, but reduces the dependency of ignition delay on the laser intensity. The process consists of inert heating, thermal decomposition, primary-flame occurrence, secondary-flame preparation and formation, and, finally, establishment of steady-state combustion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Gases
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Automobile ignition
KW  - Propellants
KW  - explosive
KW  - HMX
KW  - ignition
KW  - laser
KW  - model
N1  - Accession Number: 15531195; Yeong-Cherng Liau 1,2; Lyman, John L. 1; Email Address: lyman@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; 2: Post-Doctoral Research Associate, HNC Software, Inc., 5935 Cornerstone Court West, San Diego, CA 92121-3728, USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 174 Issue 3, p141; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Gases; Thesaurus Term: Combustion; Subject Term: Lasers; Subject Term: Automobile ignition; Subject Term: Propellants; Author-Supplied Keyword: explosive; Author-Supplied Keyword: HMX; Author-Supplied Keyword: ignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102200290020985
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tucker, J.B.
AU  - Mitra, S.
AU  - Papanicolaou, N.
AU  - Siripuram, A.
AU  - Rao, M.V.
AU  - Holland, O.W.
T1  - Nitrogen and phosphorus implanted MESFETs in semi-insulating 4H-SiC
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
SN  - 09259635
AB  - Nitrogen and phosphorus ion implantation were used to fabricate 2 μm gate length, n-channel Metal-Semiconductor Field-Effect-Transistors (MESFETs) in semi-insulating bulk 4H-SiC. In order to create the channel region, either nitrogen or phosphorus ion-implantations was performed to a depth of 300 nm at room temperature to a volumetric concentration of 5×1017 cm−3. The source/drain regions were created by nitrogen implantation to a volumetric concentration of 2×1019 cm−3, regardless of the species used for the channel implantation. Annealing for a duration of 15 min at 1450 °C (for nitrogen-implanted channels) or 1500 °C (for phosphorus-implanted channels) activated the implants. This study utilized aluminum Schottky gates for the FETs. Both the nitrogen and phosphorus-implanted channel MESFETS exhibited pinch-off voltages at approximately 18 V and the drain saturation currents between 30 and 40 mA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - METAL semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Ion-implantation
KW  - MESFET
KW  - SiC
N1  - Accession Number: 7809114; Tucker, J.B. 1 Mitra, S. 1 Papanicolaou, N. 2 Siripuram, A. 1 Rao, M.V. 1; Email Address: rmulpuri@osf1.gmu.edu Holland, O.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030-4444, USA  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 30275, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6048, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 11 Issue 3-6, p392; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: METAL semiconductor field-effect transistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MESFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
AU  - Beyeler, Suzanne C.
AU  - Jackson, Barbara
T1  - Understory vegetation indicators of anthropogenic disturbance in longleaf pine forests at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA
JO  - Ecological Indicators
JF  - Ecological Indicators
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 1470160X
AB  - Environmental indicators for longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystems need to include some measure of understory vegetation because of its responsiveness to disturbance and management practices. To examine the characteristics of understory species that distinguish between disturbances induced by military traffic, we randomly established transects in four training intensity categories (reference, light, moderate, and heavy) and in an area that had been remediated following intense disturbance at Fort Benning, GA. A total of 134 plant species occurred in these transects with the highest diversity (95 species) in light training areas and the lowest (16 species) in heavily disturbed plots. Forty-seven species were observed in only one of the five disturbance categories. The variability in understory vegetation cover among disturbance types was trimodal ranging from less than 5% cover for heavily disturbed areas to 67% cover for reference, light, and remediated areas. High variability in species diversity and lack of difference in understory cover led us to consider life-form and plant families as indicators of military disturbance. Life-form successfully distinguished between plots based on military disturbances. Species that are Phanerophytes (trees and shrubs) were the most frequent life-form encountered in sites that experienced light infantry training. Therophytes (annuals) were the least common life-form in reference and light training areas. Chamaephytes (plants with their buds slightly above ground) were the least frequent life-form in moderate and remediation sites. Heavy training sites supported no Chamaephytes or Hemicryptophytes (plants with dormant buds at ground level). The heavy, moderate, remediated, and reference sites were all dominated by Cryptophytes (plants with underground buds) possibly because of their ability to withstand both military disturbance and ground fires (the natural disturbance of longleaf pine forests). Analysis of soils collected from each transect revealed that depth of the A layer of soil was significantly higher in reference and light training areas which may explain the life-form distributions. In addition, the diversity of plant families and, in particular, the presence of grasses and composites were indicative of training and remediation history. These results are supported by prior analysis of life-form distribution subsequent to other disturbances and demonstrate the ability of life-form and plant families to distinguish between military disturbances in longleaf pine forests. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Indicators is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Longleaf pine
KW  - Disturbance
KW  - Family diversity
KW  - Indicators
KW  - Life-form
N1  - Accession Number: 7819700; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Email Address: vhd@ornl.gov; Beyeler, Suzanne C. 2; Jackson, Barbara 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; 2: Institute of Environmental Sciences, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45058, USA; 3: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038 USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p155; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: Longleaf pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Family diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life-form; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, J.-S.
AU  - Johnson, C.S.
AU  - Thackeray, M.M.
T1  - Layered <f>xLiMO2·(1−x)Li2M′O3</f> electrodes for lithium batteries: a study of <f>0.95LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2·0.05Li2TiO3</f>
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 13882481
AB  - The electrochemical properties of <f>0.95LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2·0.05Li2TiO3</f> have been investigated as part of a study of <f>xLiMO2·(1−x)Li2M′O3</f> electrode systems for lithium batteries in which <f>M=Co</f>, Ni, Mn and <f>M′=Ti</f>, Zr, Mn. The data indicate that the electrochemically inactive <f>Li2TiO3</f> component contributes to the stabilization of <f>LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2</f> electrodes, which improves the coulombic efficiency of <f>Li/xLiMn0.5Ni0.5O2·(1−x)Li2TiO3</f> cells for <f>x<1</f>. The <f>0.95LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2·0.05Li2TiO3</f> electrodes provide a rechargeable capacity of approximately 175 mAh/g at 50 °C when cycled between 4.6 and 2.5 V; there is no indication of spinel formation during electrochemical cycling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Stabilized layer electrode
N1  - Accession Number: 7767209; Kim, J.-S. 1 Johnson, C.S. 1 Thackeray, M.M.; Email Address: thackeray@cmt.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 604349, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p205; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stabilized layer electrode; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, W.
AU  - Donepudi, V.S.
AU  - Prakash, J.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Electrochemical and thermal behavior of copper coated type MAG-20 natural graphite
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 47
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1601
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Natural graphite powders, type MAG-20, were modified by electroless deposition of copper onto the graphite surface. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of the modified graphite showed that almost all the copper covered the edge plane of graphite particles and the copper content increased from 6 to 17 at.% depending upon the plating time. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed the copper composition obtained using EDS. TGA carried out under oxygen atmosphere showed that the combustion temperature decreased by 200 °C for a copper content from 0 to 16 at.%. Cycling the modified graphite at a C/10 rate showed that the initial large irreversible capacity typically present in untreated natural graphite was significantly reduced when the modified graphite contained 6–17 at.% copper coatings. A differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) comparison between fully lithiated copper coated MAG-20 with fully lithiated MCMB showed that the major exothermic peak for the MAG-20 modified graphite is lower in magnitude and is shifted to higher temperatures. However, both MAG-20 and MCMB types of lithiated graphite gave the same amount of total heat generation up to 350 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROLESS plating
KW  - Differential
KW  - Electroless plating
KW  - Exfoliation
KW  - Graphite
KW  - Li-ion cells
KW  - Surface modification
N1  - Accession Number: 8726817; Lu, W. 1 Donepudi, V.S. 1 Prakash, J. 1; Email Address: prakash@iit.edu Liu, J. 2 Amine, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Center for Electrochemical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 47 Issue 10, p1601; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLESS plating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electroless plating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exfoliation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface modification; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iwahara, Junji
AU  - Iwahara, Mizuho
AU  - Daughdrill, Gary W.
AU  - Ford, Joseph
AU  - Clubb, Robert T.
T1  - The structure of the Dead ringer-DNA complex reveals how AT-rich interaction domains (ARIDs) recognize DNA.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/03//3/1/2002
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1197
EP  - 1209
SN  - 02614189
AB  - The AT-rich interaction domain (ARID) is a DNA- binding module found in many eukaryotic transcription factors. Using NMR spectroscopy, we have determined the first ever three-dimensional structure of an ARID-DNA complex (mol. wt 25.7 kDa) formed by Dead ringer from Drosophila melanogaster. ARIDs recognize DNA through a novel mechanism involving major groove immobilization of a large loop that connects the helices of a non-canonical helix-turn-helix motif, and through a concomitant structural rearrangement that produces stabilizing contacts from a n-hairpin. Dead ringer's preference for AT-rich DNA originates from three positions within the ARID fold that form energetically significant contacts to an adenine-thymine base step. Amino acids that dictate binding specificity are not highly conserved, suggesting that ARIDs will bind to a range of nucleotide sequences. Extended ARIDs, found in several sequence-specific transcription factors, are distinguished by the presence of a C-terminal helix that may increase their intrinsic affinity for DNA. The prevalence of serine amino acids at all specificity determining positions suggests that ARIDs within SWI/SNF-related complexes will interact with DNA non-sequence specifically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - DEOXYRIBOSE
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - ARID
KW  - AT-rich interaction domains
KW  - Dead ringer
KW  - DNA recognition
KW  - NMR.
KW  - structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12955690; Iwahara, Junji 1 Iwahara, Mizuho 1 Daughdrill, Gary W. 2 Ford, Joseph 2 Clubb, Robert T. 2; Email Address: rclubb@mbi.ucla.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Laboratory of Structural Biology and Molecular Medicine and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570.  2: Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.; Source Info: 3/1/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1197; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: DEOXYRIBOSE; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARID; Author-Supplied Keyword: AT-rich interaction domains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dead ringer; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR.; Author-Supplied Keyword: structure; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/21.5.1197
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kocher, D.C.
AU  - Greim, H.
T1  - An approach to comparative assessments of potential health risks from exposure to radionuclides and hazardous chemicals
JO  - Environment International
JF  - Environment International
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 27
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 663
SN  - 01604120
AB  - The need to compare potential health risks to the public associated with different activities that can result in releases of hazardous substances to the environment is becoming increasingly important in decision-making. In making such comparisons, it is desirable to use equivalent indicators of potential health risks for radionuclides, chemical carcinogens, and noncarcinogenic hazardous chemicals. Current approaches to risk assessment that were developed for purposes of protecting human health do not provide equivalent indicators of potential risks from exposure to radionuclides and hazardous chemicals. Comparisons of environmental concentrations or calculated exposures or risks with standards for protection of public health also do not provide equivalent indicators of potential risks. We propose a simple approach to comparative risk assessments in which calculated exposures to any hazardous substances are expressed relative to no-observed-effect levels (NOELs) or, preferably, lower confidence limits of benchmark doses (BMDLs) in humans. This approach provides an equivalent, science-based indicator of the relative risks posed by different exposures to any hazardous substances. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environment International is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Public health
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Benchmark dose
KW  - Comparative assessment
KW  - NOEL
KW  - Public exposures
N1  - Accession Number: 7761044; Kocher, D.C. 1; Email Address: dck@senes.com; Greim, H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA; 2: GSF—Institut für Toxicologie, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85758 Neuherberg, Germany; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 27 Issue 8, p663; Thesaurus Term: Public health; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benchmark dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Comparative assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Public exposures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - CUSHMAN, ROBERT M.
AU  - JONES, SONJA B.
T1  - The Relative Importance of Sources of Greenhouse-Gas Emissions: Comparison of Global Through Subnational Perspectives.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 360
EP  - 372
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are widely expected to cause global warming and other climatic changes. It is important to establish priorities for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, so that resources can be allocated efficiently and effectively. This is a global problem, and it is possible, on a global scale, to identify those activities whose emissions have the greatest potential for enhancing the greenhouse effect. However, perspectives from smaller scales must be appreciated, because it is on scales down to the local level that response measures will be implemented. This paper analyzes the relative importance of emissions from the many individual sources, on scales ranging from global to national to subnational. Individual country perspectives and proposed policy measures and those of subnational political entities exhibit some commonalities but differ among themselves and from a global-scale perspective in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Emissions; Greenhouse gases
N1  - Accession Number: 15311249; CUSHMAN, ROBERT M. 1; JONES, SONJA B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335 USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p360; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse effect (Atmosphere); Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions; Greenhouse gases; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-001-0018-4
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, M. J.
AU  - Smith, J. G.
AU  - Southworth, G. R.
AU  - Ryon, M. G.
AU  - Eddlemon, G. K.
T1  - Trace Element Contamination in Benthic Macroinvertebrates from a Small Stream Near a Uranium Mill Tailings Site.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 208
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Direct measurement of the accumulation of non-radioactive trace elements in aquatic biota near uranium mining or processing sites has been relatively rare, with greater focus on the radiological activity in the adjacent soils and groundwater. To evaluate the potential ecological concern associated with trace elements at a former uranium mill site in southeastern Utah, benthic macroinvertebrates were collected and analyzed for 17 trace elements from multiple locations within a small on-site stream, Montezuma Creek, and a nearby reference stream. Key questions of this study relate to the spatial and temporal extent of contamination in aquatic biota, the potential ecological risks associated with that contamination, and the usefulness of benthic macroinvertebrates as a monitoring tool at this site. Composite samples of similar macroinvertebrate taxa and functional feeding groups were collected from each site over a two year period that was representative of normal and dry-year conditions. In both years, mean concentrations of arsenic, molybdenum, selenium, and vanadium were significantly higher (a factor of 2–4 times; P < 0.05) in macroinvertebrates collected from one or both of the two Montezuma Creek sites immediately downstream of the mill tailing site in comparison to concentrations from reference locations. Mean uranium concentrations in invertebrates immediately downstream of the mill site were more than 10 times higher than at reference sites. The site-to-site pattern of contamination in Montezuma Creek invertebrates was similar in 1995 and 1996, with mill-related trace elements showing a downstream decreasing trend. However, nine of seventeen contaminant concentrations were higher in the second year of the study, possibly due to a higher influx of deep groundwater during the drier second year of the study. A preliminary assessment of ecological risks, based on the benthic macroinvertebrate bioaccumulation data, suggests that aquatic and terrestrial population risks are low. Benthic macroinvertebrates appeared to be sensitive integrators of trace element inputs to the aquatic environment from a former uranium mill tailing site, and provided useful spatial and temporal patterns of contamination not easily obtained using conventional surface water or groundwater measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium mill tailings
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Trace elements
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Aquatic biology
KW  - Transuranium elements
KW  - aquatic
KW  - assessment
KW  - benthic macroinvertebrates
KW  - contamination
KW  - risk
KW  - trace element
KW  - uranium mill tailings
KW  - uranium mill tailings.
N1  - Accession Number: 16656063; Peterson, M. J. 1; Email Address: petersonmj@ornl.gov; Smith, J. G. 2; Southworth, G. R. 2; Ryon, M. G. 2; Eddlemon, G. K. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. (author for correspondence, e-mail: ); 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 74 Issue 2, p193; Thesaurus Term: Uranium mill tailings; Thesaurus Term: Actinide elements; Thesaurus Term: Trace elements; Thesaurus Term: Bioaccumulation; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic biology; Subject Term: Transuranium elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: aquatic; Author-Supplied Keyword: assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: benthic macroinvertebrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: trace element; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium mill tailings; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium mill tailings.; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olivella, M.A.
AU  - Palacios, J.M.
AU  - Vairavamurthy, A.
AU  - del Rıo, J.C.
AU  - de las Heras, F.X.C.
T1  - A study of sulfur functionalities in fossil fuels using destructive- (ASTM and Py–GC–MS) and non-destructive- (SEM–EDX, XANES and XPS) techniques
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 81
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
SN  - 00162361
AB  - A set of Spanish coals and oil shales were studied using destructive and non-destructive techniques to identify the functionalities of the sulfur compounds. The selected samples included organic-sulfur-rich Spanish lignites mined in the Mequinenza, Utrillas and Calaf basins; calcareous source-rocks from Organya&grave; and sulfur-rich oil shales from Ribesalbes. Using analytical pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, we estimated the ratio Sorg/C in these coals and oil shales, and compared them with those obtained by the ASTM method D2492. Also, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled to an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) allowed the direct determination of organic sulfur content in coals. Two major non-destructive techniques, XANES and XPS, were used to investigate sulfur functionalities, such as pyritic, sulfidic, thiophenic, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonate and sulfate forms. The study shows that sulfur characterization in coal is not without difficulties and no method is exempt from problems and the introduction of possible artifacts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - Organic sulfur
KW  - Pyrolysis
KW  - Sulfur-rich kerogens
N1  - Accession Number: 7752989; Olivella, M.A. 1 Palacios, J.M. 2 Vairavamurthy, A. 3 del Rıo, J.C. 4 de las Heras, F.X.C. 1; Email Address: heras@emrn.upc.es; Affiliation:  1: Escola Universitària Politècnica de Manresa, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Bases de Manresa 61-73, E-08240 Manresa, Catalonia, Spain  2: Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquımica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Campus Universidad Autónoma Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain  3: Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  4: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologıa de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Campus Reina de Mercedes. Apartado 1052, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 81 Issue 4, p405; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic sulfur; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur-rich kerogens; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, M.B.
AU  - Zbib, H.M.
AU  - Khaleel, M.A.
T1  - <atl>Damage and size effect during superplastic deformation
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
SN  - 07496419
AB  - Superplastic forming is a valuable metal working technique because of the extreme ductility that can be achieved. However, it is limited in application due to the presence of small voids that grow and coalesce during the forming process, often causing premature failure. In order to understand and control this phenomenon accurate constitutive models must be developed which account for void parameters that affect the macroscopic behavior of the material. This paper looks specifically at the effect of void size and spacing on the ductility and flow stress of viscoplastic materials. Based on the gradient-dependent theory of plasticity, a model is proposed that accounts for size effects by incorporating strain gradient terms into a continuum based constitutive equation. Both experimental testing and finite element (FE) modeling were performed on Pb–Sn, tensile specimens with small holes drilled in them in random patterns. The experimental tests indicate that a decrease in void size results in an increase in ductility. The FE results demonstrate that the gradient terms strengthen the material by diffusing the strain in areas of high strain concentration and delay failure by slowing void growth. In addition, the model predicted an increase in ductility and flow stress with decreasing void size. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERPLASTICITY
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - VISCOPLASTICITY
KW  - A. Ductility
KW  - A. Voids and inclusions
KW  - B. Constitutive behavior
KW  - B. Viscoplastic material
KW  - C. Finite elements
N1  - Accession Number: 7752783; Taylor, M.B. 1; Email Address: mtaylor@wsu.edu Zbib, H.M. 1; Email Address: zbib@mme.wsu.edu Khaleel, M.A. 2; Email Address: moe.khalel@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p415; Subject Term: SUPERPLASTICITY; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: VISCOPLASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Ductility; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Voids and inclusions; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Constitutive behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Viscoplastic material; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Finite elements; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laskin, Alexander
AU  - Cowin, James P.
T1  - On deposition efficiency of point-to-plate electrostatic precipitator
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
SN  - 00218502
AB  - The deposition efficiency of a point-to-plate electrostatic precipitator onto a target substrate was studied in this work. The efficiency when measured in the traditional way, by the loss of particles from the exiting air, was like in many other such devices, typically high (80–90%). However, the actual useful deposition onto the target substrate was never more than 50% and sometime as low as a few percent only. Therefore, special caution should be taken in design and testing of electrostatic precipitators for quantitative sampling of aerosols. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROSTATIC precipitation
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - SAMPLING (Process)
KW  - Deposition efficiency
KW  - Point-to-plate electrostatic precipitator
N1  - Accession Number: 7743876; Laskin, Alexander 1; Email Address: alexander.laskin@pnl.gov Cowin, James P. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p405; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATIC precipitation; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: SAMPLING (Process); Author-Supplied Keyword: Deposition efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Point-to-plate electrostatic precipitator; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
AU  - Storey, John M.
AU  - Wainman, Thomas
AU  - Dam, Thang
T1  - Impacts of venturi turbulent mixing on the size distributions of sodium chloride and dioctyl-phthalate aerosols
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
SN  - 00218502
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to determine if turbulent mixing created by the ejector causes change in the size distribution of particles passing through it. The results using dry solid sodium chloride (NaCl) particles show no discernible difference in the geometric mean diameter and the geometric standard deviation of particles passing through the ejector. Similar results were found for the dioctyl-phthalate (DOP) particles. In other words, there was no apparent shift in the center and spread (measured by the geometric standard deviation) of the particle size distributions. The ratio of the total number concentrations before and after the ejector indicates a dilution ratio of approximately 20 applies equally for both DOP and NaCl particles. The result suggests the dilution capability of this ejector was not affected by the particle composition. When the variability of the particle counts (in coefficient of variation, CV) in individual size ranges was examined, we found that the bin-to-bin variability was much greater for DOP than for NaCl particles. Although the first and second moments of a distribution (i.e., the geometric mean diameter and geometric standard deviation) were not altered significantly for the DOP particles by the ejector, the skewness measure indicated otherwise. The ejector may modify the particle size distribution of deformable particles such as DOP. The results suggest that it may be difficult to precisely characterize the size distribution of particles using the ejector technique if the particle is not solid. This result has an implication for the use of the ejector as a dilution tool, and one needs to know that the particles to be diluted with such a device are reasonably dry and/or non-deformable under the turbulent condition inside the ejector. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EJECTOR pumps
KW  - PARTICLE size distribution
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Dilution
KW  - Dioctyl-phthalate
KW  - Ejector
KW  - Sodium chloride
N1  - Accession Number: 7743882; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov Storey, John M. 2 Wainman, Thomas 3 Dam, Thang 4; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, Mail Stop 6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Engineering Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  3: Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p491; Subject Term: EJECTOR pumps; Subject Term: PARTICLE size distribution; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dilution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dioctyl-phthalate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ejector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium chloride; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olivella, M.A.
AU  - del Rıo, J.C.
AU  - Palacios, J.
AU  - Vairavamurthy, Murthy A.
AU  - de las Heras, F.X.C.
T1  - Characterization of humic acid from leonardite coal: an integrated study of PY-GC-MS, XPS and XANES techniques
JO  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
JF  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 63
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 01652370
AB  - We studied the humic-acid fraction isolated from a Spanish leonardite coal (Torrelapaja, Cretaceous basin belonging to the Utrillas facies) using a suite of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques to characterize the structure of the carbon skeleton and the nature of the sulfur-containing compounds. In particular, analytical pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to gain detailed molecular information on the organic structures. Pyrolysis in the presence of a methylating agent (tetramethyl-ammonium hydroxide, TMAH) was used to characterize polar moieties. We employed non-destructive techniques, XANES and XPS, to investigate the composition of the sulfur functionalities (such as sulfide, polysulfide, thiophene, sulfoxide, sulfonate and sulfate). The combination of these different approaches allows a more complete understanding of the organic sulfur structures in the leonardite coal. In agreement with previous studies, our results show that oxidized sulfur functionalities, such as sulfonate and sulfate, represent the major forms of sulfur in leonardite coal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMIC acid
KW  - COAL
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - Humic acid
KW  - Leonardite coal
KW  - Pyrolysis GC-MS
KW  - Tetramethyl-ammonium hydroxide (TMAH)
KW  - XANES
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 7744611; Olivella, M.A. 1 del Rıo, J.C. 2 Palacios, J. 3 Vairavamurthy, Murthy A. 4 de las Heras, F.X.C. 1; Email Address: heras@emrn.upc.es; Affiliation:  1: Escola Universitària Politècnica de Manresa, Av. Bases de Manresa 61-73, E-08240-Manresa, Catalonia, Spain  2: Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologıa de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Campus Reina de Mercedes, Apartado 1052, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain  3: Instituto de Catálisis y Petróleoquımica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain  4: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 63 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: HUMIC acid; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leonardite coal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis GC-MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetramethyl-ammonium hydroxide (TMAH); Author-Supplied Keyword: XANES; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jardine, P.M.
AU  - Mehlhorn, T.L.
AU  - Larsen, I.L.
AU  - Bailey, W.B.
AU  - Brooks, S.C.
AU  - Roh, Y.
AU  - Gwo, J.P.
T1  - Influence of hydrological and geochemical processes on the transport of chelated metals and chromate in fractured shale bedrock
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Field-scale processes governing the transport of chelated radionuclides in groundwater remain conceptually unclear for highly structured, heterogeneous environments. The objectives of this research were to provide an improved understanding and predictive capability of the hydrological and geochemical mechanisms that control the transport behavior of chelated radionuclides and metals in anoxic subsurface environments that are complicated by fracture flow and matrix diffusion. Our approach involved a long-term, steady-state natural gradient field experiment where nonreactive Br− and reactive 57Co(II)EDTA2−, 109CdEDTA2−, and 51Cr(VI) were injected into a fracture zone of a contaminated fractured shale bedrock. The spatial and temporal distribution of the tracer and solutes was monitored for 500 days using an array of groundwater sampling wells instrumented within the fast-flowing fracture regime and a slower flowing matrix regime. The tracers were preferentially transported along strike-parallel fractures coupled with the slow diffusion of significant tracer mass into the bedrock matrix. The chelated radionuclides and metals were significantly retarded by the solid phase with the mechanisms of retardation largely due to redox reactions and sorption coupled with mineral-induced chelate–radionuclide dissociation. The formation of significant Fe(III)EDTA− byproduct that accompanied the dissociation of the radionuclide–chelate complexes was believed to be the result of surface interactions with biotite which was the only Fe(III)-bearing mineral phase present in these Fe-reducing environments. These results counter current conceptual models that suggest chelated contaminants move conservatively through Fe-reducing environments since they are devoid of Fe-oxyhydroxides that are known to aggressively compete for chelates in oxic regimes. Modeling results further demonstrated that chelate–radionuclide dissociation reactions were most prevalent along fractures where accelerated weathering processes are expected to expose more primary minerals than the surrounding rock matrix. The findings of this study suggest that physical retardation mechanisms (i.e. diffusion) are dominant within the matrix regime, whereas geochemical retardation mechanisms are dominant within the fracture regime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Chelates
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Chelated metals and radionuclides
KW  - Field-scale processes
KW  - Matrix diffusion
KW  - Preferential flow
N1  - Accession Number: 7761970; Jardine, P.M. 1; Mehlhorn, T.L. 1; Larsen, I.L. 2; Bailey, W.B. 1; Brooks, S.C. 1; Roh, Y. 1; Gwo, J.P. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 2: Teledyne-Brown Eng., Inc., 2508 Quality Lane, Knoxville, TN 37931-3133, USA; 3: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore Co., 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 55 Issue 1/2, p137; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion; Thesaurus Term: Chelates; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chelated metals and radionuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field-scale processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preferential flow; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beauheim, Richard L.
AU  - Roberts, Randall M.
T1  - Hydrology and hydraulic properties of a bedded evaporite formation
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 259
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
SN  - 00221694
AB  - The Permian Salado Formation in the Delaware Basin of New Mexico is an extensively studied evaporite deposit because it is the host formation for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), a repository for transuranic wastes. Geologic and hydrologic studies of the Salado conducted since the mid-1970s have led to the development of a conceptual model of the hydrogeology of the formation that involves far-field (i.e. beyond the disturbance created by the repository) permeability in anhydrite layers and at least some impure halite layers. Pure halite layers and some impure halite layers may not possess an interconnected pore network adequate to provide permeability. Pore pressures are probably very close to lithostatic pressure. In the near field around an excavation, dilation, creep, and shear have created and/or enhanced permeability and decreased pore pressure. Whether flow occurs in the far field under natural gradients or only after some threshold gradient is reached is unknown. If far-field flow does occur, mean pore velocities are probably on the order of a meter per hundreds of thousands to tens of millions of years.Most hydraulic-test responses in the Salado do not appear to reflect radial flow, but instead imply subradial (e.g. intermediate between linear and radial) flow dimensions. We believe these subradial dimensions reflect channeling of flow through fracture networks, or portions of fractures, that occupy a diminishing proportion of the radially available space, or through percolation networks that are not ‘saturated’ (percolation terminology meaning fully interconnected). This is probably related to the directional nature of the permeability created or enhanced by excavation effects. Inferred values of permeability cannot be separated from their associated flow dimensions. Therefore, numerical models of flow and transport should include heterogeneity that is structured to provide the same flow dimensions as are observed in hydraulic tests. Modeling of the Salado Formation around the WIPP repository should also include coupling between hydraulic properties and the evolving stress field because hydraulic properties change as the stress field changes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVAPORITES
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - ALPHA-bearing wastes
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Evaporites
KW  - Flow dimensions
KW  - Hydraulic properties
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Stress-dependent properties
N1  - Accession Number: 7750594; Beauheim, Richard L.; Email Address: rlbeauh@sandia.gov Roberts, Randall M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department of Repository Performance and Certification, 4100 National Parks Highway, Carlsbad, NM 88220-9060, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 259 Issue 1-4, p66; Subject Term: EVAPORITES; Subject Term: HYDROGEOLOGY; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: ALPHA-bearing wastes; Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaporites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow dimensions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydraulic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress-dependent properties; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Kwang Joo
AU  - Lee, S.J.
AU  - Park, J.M.
T1  - Electronic structure of <f>DO3</f>-ordered <f>Fe3</f>Co and <f>Co3</f>Fe studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 241
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Optical properties of <f>DO3</f>-ordered <f>Fe3</f>Co and <f>Co3</f>Fe compounds were investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the 1.5–5.2 eV photon energy region. A broad interband absorption structure exists around 2 eV in the optical conductivity spectra of the compounds. The absorption structure of <f>Co3</f>Fe is located at lower energies than that of <f>Fe3</f>Co by about 0.5 eV. The calculated spin-polarized band structures of the compounds by the linear-muffin-tin orbitals method revealed that the Fe- and Co-like d states disperse in the same energy region because of hybridization. The theoretically calculated optical absorption structure of <f>Fe3</f>Co shows a good agreement with the experimental result while that of <f>Co3</f>Fe is located at higher energies than the experimental result by about 0.3 eV. Such discrepancy is interpreted as due to the self-energy shift of the interband transitions involving correlated Co-like d electrons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Band calculation
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Ferromagnetic compound
KW  - Optical absorption
KW  - Spectroscopic ellipsometry
N1  - Accession Number: 8773756; Kim, Kwang Joo 1; Email Address: kjkim@kkucc.konkuk.ac.kr Lee, S.J. 2 Park, J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 241 Issue 1, p6; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band calculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetic compound; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopic ellipsometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leaf, G.K.
AU  - Obukhov, S.
AU  - Scheidl, S.
AU  - Vinokur, V.M.
T1  - Transient dynamics of pinning of domain wall
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 241
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We study the evolution of an elastic string, serving as model for a domain wall, into the pinned state at driving forces slightly below the depinning threshold force <f>Fc</f>. We quantify the temporal evolution of the string by an activity function <f>A(t)</f> representing the fraction of active nodes at time <f>t</f> and find three distinct dynamic regimes. There is an initial stage of fast decay of the activity; in the second, intermediate, regime, an exponential decay of activity is observed; and, eventually, the fast collapse of the string towards its final pinned state results in decay in the activity with <f>Ar∼(tp−t)ψ</f>, where <f>tp</f> is the pinning time in the finite system involved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - UNSTEADY flow (Aerodynamics)
KW  - Domain wall
KW  - Elastic manifold
KW  - Glassy motion
KW  - Pinning
KW  - Transient dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 8773771; Leaf, G.K. 1 Obukhov, S. 2 Scheidl, S. 3 Vinokur, V.M. 4; Email Address: vinokur@msd.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  3: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany  4: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 223 Rm. D113 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60441, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 241 Issue 1, p118; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Subject Term: UNSTEADY flow (Aerodynamics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Domain wall; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic manifold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glassy motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient dynamics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Fabietti, L.M.
AU  - Tang, Y.
AU  - Miller, W.
AU  - Dennis, K.W.
AU  - McCallum, R.W.
T1  - Solidification, microstructural refinement and magnetism in Nd2Fe14B
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 241
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Nanocrystalline Nd2Fe14B (2-14-1) exhibits very favorable properties conferred by rapid solidification processes, including: simplified processing, good corrosion resistance and high magnetic hardness provided by a resultant grain size that is on the order of the single-domain size. While the ideal microstructural state of melt-spun 2-14-1 is a homogeneous dispersion of nanocrystallites embedded within a vitrified matrix, in practice it is very difficult to control the microstructural development to a uniform nanocrystalline state. This as-yet unmet challenge underlies the desire to understand, and ultimately to control, the solidification path taken by Nd–Fe–B-based melts during rapid solidification processing in order to obtain a homogeneous microstructure. Processing factors that influence the homogeneity and hence magnetic performance of the rapidly quenched microstructure of Nd2Fe14B are evaluated and categorized. These results emphasize both the complexities of rapid solidification processing as well as the potential for control of a highly chaotic processing technique. A qualitative solidification model that incorporates recalesence is presented. This model details the evolution of microstructures related to the thermal gradient as well as the phase selection process undertaken during solidification of rapidly solidified Nd–Fe–B alloys. The model is novel in that it explains the observed microstructures, from nanophased equiaxed grains transitioning to large elongated grains, and provides both diagnostic and predictive information concerning rapid solidification processing methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Coercivity
KW  - Peritectic
KW  - Recalesence
KW  - Solidification
N1  - Accession Number: 8773775; Kramer, M.J. 1; Email Address: mjkramer@ameslab.gov Lewis, L.H. 2 Fabietti, L.M. 3 Tang, Y. 1 Miller, W. 2 Dennis, K.W. 1 McCallum, R.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: USDOE and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 37 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Facultad de Matematica Astronomia y Fisica, Ciudad Universitaria, Cordoba 5000, Argentina; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 241 Issue 1, p144; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coercivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peritectic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recalesence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solidification; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Badyal, Y.S.
AU  - Simonson, J.M.
AU  - Annis, B.K.
AU  - Londono, J.D.
T1  - The Hydration Structure of Ni 2+ in Aqueous Solution by Neutron Diffraction Isotope Substitution: a Case Study on the Effects of Systematic Error.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 29
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - The technique of neutron diffraction with isotope substitution has been used to probe the hydration structure around the Ni 2+ ion in a concentrated aqueous solution of 3.87 m NiCl 2 . The scattering from two heavy water solutions containing, respectively, nickel in natural abundance and enriched in the 60 Ni isotope, were measured under ambient conditions on the GLAD instrument at the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, using time-of-flight neutron diffraction. Because there have been several earlier neutron measurements, aqueous NiCl 2 is widely regarded as a reference system for studies of hydration in aqueous solution. An unexpectedly large difference in deuterium enrichment between our heavy water solutions was detected, initially from analysis of the scattering data. This imbalance, although on the face of it undesirable, has yielded a useful opportunity to gain insights into the effects of such a systematic error on the present results by comparing them to those from earlier measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - IONS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Aqueous
KW  - Hydration
KW  - Isotope
KW  - Neutron
KW  - Solution
KW  - Structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11549198; Badyal, Y.S. 1; Email Address: badyalys@ornl.gov Simonson, J.M. 1 Annis, B.K. 2 Londono, J.D. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Aqueous Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Materials Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  3: E.I. DuPont, Experimental Station Lab., USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skinner, C.H.
AU  - Gentile, C.A.
AU  - Carpe, A.
AU  - Guttadora, G.
AU  - Langish, S.
AU  - Young, K.M.
AU  - Shu, W.M.
AU  - Nakamura, H.
T1  - Tritium removal from codeposits on carbon tiles by a scanning laser
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 301
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A novel method for tritium release has been demonstrated on codeposited layers on graphite and carbon-fiber-composite tiles from the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor. A scanning continuous wave Nd laser beam heated the codeposits to a temperature of 1200–2300 <f>°</f>C for 10–200 ms in an argon atmosphere. The temperature rise of the codeposit was significantly higher than that of the manufactured tile material (e.g. 1770 <f>°</f>C cf. 1080 <f>°</f>C). A major fraction of tritium was thermally desorbed with minimal change to the surface at a laser intensity of 80 W/mm<f>2</f>, peak temperatures above 1230 <f>°</f>C and heating duration 10–20 ms. In two experiments, 46% and 84% of the total tritium was released during the laser scan. The application of this method for tritium removal from a tokamak reactor appears promising and has significant advantages over oxidative techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - TOKAMAKS
N1  - Accession Number: 7759642; Skinner, C.H. 1; Email Address: cskinner@pppl.gov Gentile, C.A. 1 Carpe, A. 1 Guttadora, G. 1 Langish, S. 1 Young, K.M. 1 Shu, W.M. 2 Nakamura, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P.O. Box 451, James Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA  2: Tritium Engineering Laboratory, JAERI, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 301 Issue 2/3, p98; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heuer, J.K.
AU  - Okamoto, P.R.
AU  - Lam, N.Q.
AU  - Stubbins, J.F.
T1  - Disorder-induced melting in nickel: implication to intergranular sulfur embrittlement
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 301
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Why and how sulfur segregation leads to intergranular embrittlement of nickel has been investigated by a combination of Auger electron spectroscopy, slow-strain-rate tensile tests, ion-implantation, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry studies. Grain-boundary sulfur concentrations in dilute Ni–S alloys were systematically varied by time-controlled annealing of specimens at 625 °C. The critical sulfur concentration for 50% intergranular fracture of <f>15.5±3.4</f> at.% S was found to be, within experimental error, equal to the critical implant concentration of <f>14.2±3.3</f> at.% S required to induce 50% amorphization of single-crystal nickel during S+ implantation at liquid nitrogen temperature. This suggests that segregation-induced intergranular embrittlement, like implantation-induced amorphization, may be a disorder-induced melting process, albeit one occurring locally at grain boundaries. In addition, a kinetic model for segregation-induced embrittlement based on Poisson statistics is introduced, and the synergistic effects of hydrogen–sulfur co-segregation on embrittlement are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NICKEL
KW  - SULFUR
N1  - Accession Number: 7759646; Heuer, J.K. 1,2; Email Address: heuer@telerama.com Okamoto, P.R. 1 Lam, N.Q. 1 Stubbins, J.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 301 Issue 2/3, p129; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: SULFUR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, J.A.
AU  - Rao, N.S.
T1  - A new technique for the prediction of non-linear material behavior
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 301
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A new methodology is developed for the prediction of material behavior, such as aging processes, by utilizing a combination of domain models and non-linear estimators including neural networks and nearest neighbor regressions. This methodology is applied to the problem of predicting embrittilement levels in light-water reactors by combining the existing models with the conventional non-linear estimators. The Power Reactor Embrittlement Database is used in this study. The results indicate that the combined embrittlement predictor achieved about 56.5% and 32.8% reductions in the uncertainties for General Electric Boiling Water Reactor plate and weld data compared to Regulatory Guide 1.99, Revision 2, respectively. The implications of irradiation temperature effect to the development of radiation embrittlement model are then discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 7759653; Wang, J.A.; Email Address: wangja@ornl.gov Rao, N.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 6011, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6370, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 301 Issue 2/3, p193; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Owen, L. A.
AU  - Gualtieri, L.
AU  - Finkel, R. C.
AU  - Caffee, M. W.
AU  - Benn, D. I.
AU  - Sharma, M. C.
T1  - Reply: Cosmogenic radionuclide dating of glacial landforms in the Lahul Himalaya, northern India: defining the timing of Late Quaternary glaciation.
JO  - Journal of Quaternary Science
JF  - Journal of Quaternary Science
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 281
SN  - 02678179
N1  - Accession Number: 64199187; Owen, L. A. 1; Gualtieri, L. 2; Finkel, R. C. 3; Caffee, M. W. 4; Benn, D. I. 5; Sharma, M. C. 6; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; 2: Quaternary Research Center, Box 351360, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1360, USA; 3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 4: Department of Physics/PRIME Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; 5: School of Geography and Geosciences, University of St Andrew, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland; 6: Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110 067, India; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p279; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/jqs.680
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Hai
AU  - Lipton, Mary S.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Charge effects for differentiation of oligodeoxynucleotide isomers containing 8-oxo-dG residues
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Dissociation reactions of a series of multiply charged oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) 12-mer anions were studied using an ion trap mass spectrometer. These mixed nucleobase 12-mers fragment first by loss of a neutral nucleobase (A, G, C, and/or 5-methyl-cytosine) followed by cleavage at 3′ C&z.sbnd;O bond of the sugar from which the base is lost to produce the complementary sequence ions, i.e., [a – B] and w type of ions. No detectable loss of 8-oxo-guanine and/or thymine from these 12-mers is observed under gentle collision conditions in the ion trap. The primary loss of a nucleobase and the subsequent backbone cleavage to generate sequence ions strongly depend on the charge state of the parent molecular ion. For low charge states (2- and 3-), product ions due to the loss of a neutral guanine base and related sequence ions are dominant in the tandem mass spectra. However, preferential loss of a neutral adenine becomes the primary reaction channel from the 5- charge state of the molecular ion. Such charge state dependent fragmentation behavior was utilized to determine the site of 8-oxo-dG residue in a series of structural isomers. The position of 8-oxo-dG residue can be simply determined from the fragmentation pattern of 3- charge state, but not of 5- charge state. It is suggested that in addition to specific modification that affects the N-glycosidic bond strength, total charge content of an ODN is an important factor for determining the differential fragmentation behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 7762652; Luo, Hai 1 Lipton, Mary S. 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: rd_smith@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p195; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Helen J.
AU  - Hudgins, Robert R.
AU  - Håkansson, Kristina
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Characterization of amino acid side chain losses in electron capture dissociation
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 10440305
AB  - We have used electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry to characterize amino acid side chain losses observed during electron capture dissociation (ECD) of ten 7- to 14-mer peptides. Side-chain cleavages were observed for arginine, histidine, asparagine or glutamine, methionine, and lysine residues. All peptides containing an arginine, histidine, asparagine or glutamine showed the losses associated with that residue. Methionine side-chain loss was observed for doubly-protonated bombesin. Lysine side-chain loss was observed for triply-protonated dynorphin A fragment 1–13 but not for the doubly-protonated ion. The proximity of arginine to a methoxy C-terminal group significantly enhances the extent of side-chain fragmentation. Fragment ions associated with side-chain losses were comparable in abundance to those resulting from backbone cleavage in all cases. In the ECD spectrum of one peptide, the major product was due to fragmentation within an arginine side chain. Our results suggest that cleavages within side chains should be taken into account in analysis of ECD mass spectral data. Losses from arginine, histidine, and asparigine/glutamine can be used to ascertain their presence, as in the analysis of unknown peptides, particularly those with non-linear structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - AMINO acid sequence
N1  - Accession Number: 7762658; Cooper, Helen J. 1 Hudgins, Robert R. 1 Håkansson, Kristina 1 Marshall, Alan G. 1; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p241; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: AMINO acid sequence; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radosevich, J.L
AU  - Wilson, W.J
AU  - Shinn, J.H
AU  - DeSantis, T.Z
AU  - Andersen, G.L
T1  - Development of a high-volume aerosol collection system for the identification of air-borne micro-organisms.
JO  - Letters in Applied Microbiology
JF  - Letters in Applied Microbiology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 167
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02668254
AB  - Aims: A high-volume aerosol collector was developed to efficiently capture airborne bacteria in order to assess levels of diversity in the air. Methods and Results: Particulate matter was collected on a device designed to filter 1·4 × 106 litres of air in a 24 h period on a 1-lm pore size polyester membrane. Methods were optimized for extraction of genomic DNA from the air filter concentrate. Preparation times of 90 s with 0·5-0·05 mm diameter zirconia/silica beads yielded the highest concentration genomic DNA that was able to support PCR. A 24-h air sample was taken in Salt Lake City, Utah and the microbial composition was determined by the amplification and sequence analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA fragments. Conclusions: Sequence analysis revealed a large diversity in the type of microbial species present including clones matching the sequence of Clostridium botulinum . The primary components of the aerosol sample included many different spore-forming bacteria as well as more fragile members of the Proteobacteria division. Significance and Impact of the Study: The high-volume air collection and genomic DNA recovery system allows for the rapid detection of both cultivable as well as culture-resistant organisms in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Letters in Applied Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 6528262; Radosevich, J.L 1 Wilson, W.J 1 Shinn, J.H 1 DeSantis, T.Z 1 Andersen, G.L 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p162; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2002.01048.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bench, G.
AU  - Clark, B. M.
AU  - Mangelson, N. F.
AU  - St. Clair, L. L.
AU  - Rees, L. B.
AU  - Grant, P. G.
AU  - Southon, J. R.
T1  - Use of 14C/C ratios to provide insights into the magnitude of carbon turnover in the crustose saxicolous lichen Caloplaca trachyphylla
JO  - Lichenologist
JF  - Lichenologist
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 10961135
AB  - Abstract:14C/C ratios in samples from radial transects across individual thalli ofCaloplaca trachyphylla collected at two sites were measured and the results used to investigate whether 14C/C data might provide some insight into the magnitude of carbon turnover in this lichen species. The 14C/C data suggest that significant internal recycling/translocation of carbon is unlikely in the sampled thalli. However, converting the14 C/C data for the larger intact thalli sampled at each site to calendar years, using the atmospheric 14C record, does not yield constant or even monotonically varying growth rates. Since crustose lichen growth rates are constant or decrease with thallus size, and since the 14C/C data from these larger thalli show a relatively small spread in14 C/C data values compared to the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric 14C record over the past 50 years, the14 C/C data suggest that carbon turnover may be occurring. Carbon turnover was modelled starting with the atmospheric14 C record. Turnover was incorporated so that for each year in the record a constant percentage of the total carbon was lost annually and replaced by new photosynthetically fixed carbon with a 14C/C ratio equal to that of the contemporary atmosphere. The 14C/C data from the radial samples were then converted to a calendar year using the model record. Constant annual carbon turnover values of 0, 0·5, 1, 1·5, 2, 2·5, 3, 3·5, 4, 4·5, 5, 5·5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 50% were modelled. Carbon turnover values between 3 and 6% created 14C model records that when applied to 14C/C data from the thalli produced constant radial growth rates that were: (1) identical for all lichens at a given site, and (2) independent of lichen size at a given site. The 14C/C data further indicate that annual carbon turnover in this species of lichen is <10%, independent of the nature of thallus radial growth. The data and modelling suggest that carbon turnover might provide a simple explanation for the 14C/C data from the thalli and might explain the discrepancies between the standard atmospheric 14C record and the 14C/C ratios observed in C. trachyphylla. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Lichenologist is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALOPLACA
KW  - LICHENS
KW  - EPIDOTE
N1  - Accession Number: 7923522; Bench, G. 1 Clark, B. M. 2 Mangelson, N. F. 2 St. Clair, L. L. 3 Rees, L. B. 4 Grant, P. G. 1 Southon, J. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA  3: Department of Botany and Range Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p169; Subject Term: CALOPLACA; Subject Term: LICHENS; Subject Term: EPIDOTE; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/lich.2002.0377
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klein, Gregory J.
AU  - Huesman, Ronald H.
T1  - Four-dimensional processing of deformable cardiac PET data
JO  - Medical Image Analysis
JF  - Medical Image Analysis
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
SN  - 13618415
AB  - A four-dimensional deformable motion algorithm is described for use in the motion compensation of gated cardiac positron emission tomography. The algorithm makes use of temporal continuity and a non-uniform elastic material model to provide improved estimates of heart motion between time frames. Temporal continuity is utilized in two ways. First, incremental motion fields between adjacent time frames are calculated to improve estimation of long-range motion between distant time frames. Second, a consistency criterion is used to insure that the image match between distant time frames is consistent with the deformations used to match adjacent time frames. The consistency requirement augments the algorithm’s ability to estimate motion between noisy time frames, and the concatenated incremental motion fields improve estimation for large deformations. The estimated motion fields are used to establish a voxel correspondence between volumes and to produce a motion-compensated composite volume. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Medical Image Analysis is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARDIOPULMONARY system
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - Cardiac PET
KW  - Deformable motion
KW  - Motion compensation
KW  - Motion tracking
N1  - Accession Number: 7749663; Klein, Gregory J.; Email Address: gjklein@lbl.gov Huesman, Ronald H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: CARDIOPULMONARY system; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cardiac PET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformable motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motion compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motion tracking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Ning
AU  - Sickmier, E. Allen
AU  - Zhang, Rongguang
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - White, Stephen W
T1  - The MotA transcription factor from bacteriophage T4 contains a novel DNA-binding domain: the ‘double wing’ motif.
JO  - Molecular Microbiology
JF  - Molecular Microbiology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1079
EP  - 1088
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950382X
AB  - Summary MotA is a transcription factor from bacteriophage T4 that helps adapt the host Escherichia coli transcription apparatus to T4 middle promoters. We have determined the crystal structure of the C-terminal DNA-binding domain of MotA (MotCF) to 1.6 Å resolution using multiwavelength, anomalous diffraction methods. The structure reveals a novel DNA-binding α/β motif that contains an exposed β-sheet surface that mediates interactions with the DNA. Independent biochemical experiments have shown that MotCF binds to one surface of a single turn of DNA through interactions in adjacent major and minor grooves. We present a model of the interaction in which β-ribbons at opposite corners of the six-stranded β-sheet pen-etrate the DNA grooves, and call the motif a ‘double wing’ to emphasize similarities to the ‘winged-helix’ motif. The model is consistent with data on how MotA functions at middle promoters, and provides an explanation for why MotA can form non-specific multimers on DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bacteriophages
KW  - Transcription factors
N1  - Accession Number: 6382587; Li, Ning 1; Sickmier, E. Allen 1,2,3; Zhang, Rongguang 3; Joachimiak, Andrzej 3; White, Stephen W 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.; 2: Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.; 3: Structure Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p1079; Thesaurus Term: Bacteriophages; Subject Term: Transcription factors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02809.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurtz, D. W.
AU  - Kawaler, S. D.
AU  - Riddle, R. L.
AU  - Reed, M. D.
AU  - Cunha, M. S.
AU  - Wood, M.
AU  - Silvestri, N.
AU  - Watson, T. K.
AU  - Dolez, N.
AU  - Moskalik, P.
AU  - Zola, S.
AU  - Pallier, E.
AU  - Guzik, J. A.
AU  - Metcalfe, T. S.
AU  - Mukadam, A. S.
AU  - Nather, R. E.
AU  - Winget, D. E.
AU  - Sullivan, D. J.
AU  - Sullivan, T.
AU  - Sekiguchi, K.
T1  - Discovery of the ‘missing’ mode in HR 1217 by the Whole Earth Telescope.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2002/03//3/1/2002
VL  - 330
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 61
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - HR 1217 is a prototypical rapidly oscillating Ap star that has presented a test to the theory of non-radial stellar pulsation. Prior observations showed a clear pattern of five modes with alternating frequency spacings of 33.3 and 34.6 μHz, with a sixth mode at a problematic spacing of 50.0 μHz (which equals 1.5×33.3 μHz) to the high-frequency side. Asymptotic pulsation theory allowed for a frequency spacing of 34 μHz, but Hipparcos observations rule out such a spacing. Theoretical calculations of magnetoacoustic modes in Ap stars by Cunha predicted that there should be a previously undetected mode 34 μHz higher than the main group, with a smaller spacing between it and the highest one. In this Letter, we present preliminary results from a multisite photometric campaign on the rapidly oscillating Ap star HR 1217 using the ‘Whole Earth Telescope’. While a complete analysis of the data will appear in a later paper, one outstanding result from this run is the discovery of a newly detected frequency in the pulsation spectrum of this star, at the frequency predicted by Cunha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STARS
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - stars: individual: HR 1217
KW  - stars: magnetic fields
KW  - stars: oscillations
KW  - stars: variables: other
N1  - Accession Number: 6271192; Kurtz, D. W. Kawaler, S. D. 1 Riddle, R. L. 1 Reed, M. D. 1 Cunha, M. S. Wood, M. 2 Silvestri, N. 2 Watson, T. K. 3 Dolez, N. 4 Moskalik, P. 5 Zola, S. 6 Pallier, E. 4 Guzik, J. A. 7 Metcalfe, T. S. 8 Mukadam, A. S. 8 Nather, R. E. 8 Winget, D. E. 8 Sullivan, D. J. 9 Sullivan, T. 9 Sekiguchi, K. 10; Affiliation:  1: 4Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: 7Department of Physics & Space Sciences and SARA Observatory, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA  3: 8Information Technology Services, Southwestern University, 1001 E. University Avenue, Georgetown, TX 78626, USA  4: 3Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS/UMR5572, 14 av. E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France  5: 9Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre, ul. Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsawa, Poland  6: 10Mt Suhora Observatory, Pedagogical University, ul. Podchorażych 2, 30-084 Krakow, Poland  7: 11X-2, MS B220, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  8: 12McDonald Observatory, and Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA  9: 13School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6001, New Zealand  10: 14Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; Source Info: 3/1/2002, Vol. 330 Issue 3, p57; Subject Term: STARS; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: HR 1217; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: variables: other; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05294.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Richard B.
T1  - Shedding light on proteins, nucleic acids, cells, humans and fish
JO  - Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
JF  - Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 511
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13835742
AB  - I was trained as a physicist in graduate school. Hence, when I decided to go into the field of biophysics, it was natural that I concentrated on the effects of light on relatively simple biological systems, such as proteins. The wavelengths absorbed by the amino acid subunits of proteins are in the ultraviolet (UV). The wavelengths that affect the biological activities, the action spectra, also are in the UV, but are not necessarily parallel to the absorption spectra. Understanding these differences led me to investigate the action spectra for affecting nucleic acids, and the effects of UV on viruses and cells. The latter studies led me to the discovery of the important molecular nature of the damages affecting DNA (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers) and to the discovery of nucleotide excision repair. Individuals with the genetic disease xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) are extraordinarily sensitive to sunlight-induced skin cancer. The finding, by James Cleaver, that their skin cells were defective in DNA repair strongly suggested that DNA damage was a key step in carcinogenesis. Such information was important for estimating the wavelengths in sunlight responsible for human skin cancer and for predicting the effects of ozone depletion on the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer. It took experiments with backcross hybrid fish to call attention to the probable role of the longer UV wavelengths not absorbed by DNA in the induction of melanoma. These reflections trace the biophysicist’s path from molecules to melanoma. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - Pyrimidines
KW  - Action spectra
KW  - Excision repair
KW  - History of science
KW  - Photorepair
KW  - Pyrimidine dimers
KW  - Skin cancers
KW  - Ultraviolet light
N1  - Accession Number: 7770675; Setlow, Richard B. 1; Email Address: setlow@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 511 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: Pyrimidines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Action spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excision repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: History of science; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photorepair; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrimidine dimers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Skin cancers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultraviolet light; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lovell, Mark A.
AU  - Robertson, J. David
AU  - Buchholz, Bruce A.
AU  - Xie, Chengsong
AU  - Markesbery, William R.
T1  - Use of bomb pulse carbon-14 to age senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer’s disease
JO  - Neurobiology of Aging
JF  - Neurobiology of Aging
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
SN  - 01974580
AB  - The time course of formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and senile plaques (SP) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain is unknown. Above ground nuclear weapons testing in the late 1950s and early 1960s led to significantly increased levels of 14C in the atmosphere and carbon cycle. Because the amyloid beta peptide of SP and paired helical filaments of NFT, once formed, are relatively resistant to degradation, 14C levels observed in SP and NFT should reflect their year of formation. The purpose of this study was to develop a method to determine whether 14C levels could be used to define NFT and SP ages. Using accelerator mass spectrometry to measure bomb-pulse 14C levels, we determined the average age of formation of isolated SP and NFT fractions in bulk brain samples of 6 AD subjects. Although preliminary, the results demonstrate that it is possible to use bomb pulse 14C to determine the average year of formation of NFT and SP in the brain in AD. In addition, the data show that these structures, once formed, have a much slower carbon turnover rate than normal brain and are not in a formation/enzymatic degradation equilibrium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neurobiology of Aging is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUROFIBRILS
KW  - ALZHEIMER'S disease
KW  - Accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - Alzheimer’s disease
KW  - Neurofibrillary tangles
KW  - Senile plaques
N1  - Accession Number: 7745763; Lovell, Mark A. 1,2; Email Address: malove2@pop.uky.edu Robertson, J. David 3 Buchholz, Bruce A. 4 Xie, Chengsong 1 Markesbery, William R. 1,5; Affiliation:  1: From the Sanders-Brown Center on Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, 101 Sanders-Brown Bldg., University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0230, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  5: Departments of Pathology and Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0230, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p179; Subject Term: NEUROFIBRILS; Subject Term: ALZHEIMER'S disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alzheimer’s disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neurofibrillary tangles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Senile plaques; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D
AU  - Gunderson, C. A
AU  - Hanson, P. J
AU  - Wilson, K. B
AU  - Norby, R. J
T1  - Sensitivity of stomatal and canopy conductance to elevated CO2 concentration – interacting variables and perspectives of scale.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 153
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 485
EP  - 496
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • The hydrological response of forests to rising CO2 is a critical biotic feedback in the study of global climate change. Few studies, however, have investigated this highly dynamic response at relevant temporal and spatial scales. • A combination of leaf and whole-tree measurements and stand-level extrapolations were used to assess how stomatal conductance, canopy transpiration and conductance, and evapotranspiration might be affected by future, higher CO2 concentrations. • Midday measurements of stomatal conductance for leaves sampled in a 12-yr-old sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua ) stand exposed to free-air CO2 enrichment were up to 44% lower at elevated than at ambient CO2 concentrations, whereas canopy conductance, averaged over the growing season, was only 14% lower in stands exposed to CO2 enrichment. The magnitude of this response was dependent on vapor pressure deficit and soil water potential. Annual estimates of evapotranspiration showed relatively small reductions due to atmospheric CO2 enrichment. • These data illustrate that the hydrological response of a closed-canopy plantation to elevated CO2 depends on the temporal and spatial scale of observation. They emphasize the importance of interacting variables and confirm that integration of measurements over space and time reduce what, at the leaf level, might otherwise appear to be a large and significant response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - STOMATA
KW  - PLANT canopies
KW  - Canopy transpiration
KW  - evapotranspiration
KW  - forest water use
KW  - global change
KW  - Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum)
KW  - sap velocity
KW  - transpiration
N1  - Accession Number: 6290984; Wullschleger, Stan D 1 Gunderson, C. A 1 Hanson, P. J 1 Wilson, K. B 2 Norby, R. J 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA;  2: Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, NOAA Air Research Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 153 Issue 3, p485; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: STOMATA; Subject Term: PLANT canopies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canopy transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest water use; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum); Author-Supplied Keyword: sap velocity; Author-Supplied Keyword: transpiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0028-646X.2001.00333.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Appel, R.
AU  - Atoyan, G.S.
AU  - Bassalleck, B.
AU  - Battiste, E.
AU  - Bergman, D.R.
AU  - Bösiger, K.
AU  - Brown, D.N.
AU  - Castillo, V.
AU  - Cheung, N.
AU  - Dhawan, S.
AU  - Do, H.
AU  - Egger, J.
AU  - Eilerts, S.W.
AU  - Felder, C.
AU  - Fischer, H.
AU  - Gach, H.M.
AU  - Giles, R.
AU  - Gninenko, S.N.
AU  - Herold, W.D.
AU  - Hotmer, J.E.
T1  - A large acceptance, high-resolution detector for rare <f>K+</f>-decay experiments
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 479
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The detector of the E865-collaboration at the Brookhaven-AGS described here combines a magnetic spectrometer for the charged decay products of <f>6 GeV/c K+</f> with excellent electromagnetic calorimetry and efficient particle identification for electrons and muons. Its high-resolution, large acceptance and high rate capability made it well suited for the study of extremely rare or forbidden decays with multi-leptonic final states such as <f>K+→π+μ+e−</f>, <f>K+→π+l+l−</f>, <f>K+→l+νle−e+</f> and <f>K+→π+π−e+νe</f> down to branching ratios below <f>10−11</f> in an intense <f>K+</f> beam (<f>&ap;108</f> per AGS spill). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KAONS
KW  - MAGNETIC spectrometer
KW  - Charged particle identification
KW  - Cherenkov counters
KW  - Electromagnetic calorimeters
KW  - Magnetic spectrometers
KW  - Rare kaon decays
N1  - Accession Number: 7769333; Appel, R. 1,2 Atoyan, G.S. 3 Bassalleck, B. 4 Battiste, E. 2 Bergman, D.R. 1 Bösiger, K. 5 Brown, D.N. 2 Castillo, V. 6 Cheung, N. 2 Dhawan, S. 1 Do, H. 1 Egger, J. 7 Eilerts, S.W. 4 Felder, C. 2,6 Fischer, H. 4 Gach, H.M. 2 Giles, R. 2 Gninenko, S.N. 3 Herold, W.D. 7 Hotmer, J.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA  3: Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  5: Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland  6: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton L. I., NY 11973, USA  7: Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 479 Issue 2/3, p349; Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charged particle identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic calorimeters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic spectrometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare kaon decays; Number of Pages: 58p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, D.-Q.
AU  - Robertson, J.L.
AU  - Crow, M.L.
AU  - Wang, X.-L.
AU  - Lee, W.-T.
AU  - Hubbard, C.R.
T1  - Modeling neutron guides using Monte Carlo simulations
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 479
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Four neutron guide geometries, straight, converging, diverging and curved, were characterized using Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulations. The main areas of interest are the transmission of the guides at various neutron energies and the intrinsic time-of-flight (TOF) peak broadening. Use of a δ-function time pulse from a uniform Lambert neutron source allows one to quantitatively simulate the effect of guides’ geometry on the TOF peak broadening. With a converging guide, the intensity and the beam divergence increases while the TOF peak width decreases compared with that of a straight guide. By contrast, use of a diverging guide decreases the intensity and the beam divergence, and broadens the width (in TOF) of the transmitted neutron pulse. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Acceptance diagram
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Neutron
KW  - Tapered guide
KW  - Time-of-flight (TOF) peak width
N1  - Accession Number: 7769338; Wang, D.-Q. 1; Email Address: david.wang@nomes.com Robertson, J.L. 2 Crow, M.L. 2 Wang, X.-L. 3 Lee, W.-T. 3; Email Address: wtlee@anl.gov Hubbard, C.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals & Ceramics Division, High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA  2: Solid State Division, High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA  3: Spallation Neutron Source, High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 479 Issue 2/3, p461; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acceptance diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tapered guide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight (TOF) peak width; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akopov, N.
AU  - Aschenauer, E.C.
AU  - Bailey, K.
AU  - Bernreuther, S.
AU  - Bianchi, N.
AU  - Capitani, G.P.
AU  - Carter, P.
AU  - Cisbani, E.
AU  - De Leo, R.
AU  - De Sanctis, E.
AU  - De Schepper, D.
AU  - Djordjadze, V.
AU  - Filippone, B.W.
AU  - Frullani, S.
AU  - Garibaldi, F.
AU  - Hansen, J.-O.
AU  - Hommez, B.
AU  - Iodice, M.
AU  - Jackson, H.E.
AU  - Jung, P.
T1  - The HERMES dual-radiator ring imaging Cherenkov detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 479
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The construction and use of a dual radiator Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector is described. This instrument was developed for the HERMES experiment at DESY which emphasises measurements of semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering. It provides particle identification for pions, kaons, and protons in the momentum range from 2 to <f>15 GeV</f>, which is essential to these studies. The instrument uses two radiators, <f>C4F10</f>, a heavy fluorocarbon gas, and a wall of silica aerogel tiles. The use of aerogel in a RICH detector has only recently become possible with the development of clear, large, homogeneous and hydrophobic aerogel. A lightweight mirror was constructed using a newly perfected technique to make resin-coated carbon-fiber surfaces of optical quality. The photon detector consists of 1934 photomultiplier tubes (PMT) for each detector half, held in a soft steel matrix to provide shielding against the residual field of the main spectrometer magnet. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATORS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7769342; Akopov, N. 1 Aschenauer, E.C. 2 Bailey, K. 3 Bernreuther, S. 4 Bianchi, N. 5 Capitani, G.P. 5 Carter, P. 6 Cisbani, E. 7 De Leo, R. 8 De Sanctis, E. 5 De Schepper, D. 3 Djordjadze, V. 2 Filippone, B.W. 6 Frullani, S. 7 Garibaldi, F. 7 Hansen, J.-O. 3 Hommez, B. 9 Iodice, M. 7 Jackson, H.E. 3; Email Address: hal@anl.gov Jung, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia  2: DESY Zeuthen, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan  5: INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy  6: W.K.Kellogg Radiation Lab, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  7: INFN, Sezione Roma1-Gruppo Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy  8: INFN, Sezione di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy  9: Dept. of Subatomic and Radiation Physics, University of Gent, 9000 Gent, Belgium; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 479 Issue 2/3, p511; Subject Term: RADIATORS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerkau, T.
AU  - Krässig, B.
AU  - Schwarzkopf, O.
AU  - Kossmann, H.
AU  - Kämmerling, B.
AU  - Schmidt, V.
T1  - Calibration procedures to study molecular fragmentation by electron–ion coincidences
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 479
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 555
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Calibration procedures are presented for an apparatus in which an electron spectrometer is combined with an ion time-of-flight spectrometer. We analyze the properties of the system for fragmentation studies of doubly-charged diatomic molecules where Auger electrons and ionic fragments are detected in coincidence. Special emphasis is given to the extraction of fragment ion yields from the experimental data and to the measurement of the kinetic energy release. The influence of instrumental parameters and of possible angular distribution effects on the results of such measurements is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-ion collisions
KW  - FRAGMENTATION reactions
KW  - Doubly-charged molecule fragmentation
KW  - Electron–ion coincidences
N1  - Accession Number: 7769346; Kerkau, T. 1 Krässig, B. 2 Schwarzkopf, O. 3 Kossmann, H. 4 Kämmerling, B. 5 Schmidt, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fakultät für Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: BESSY GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany  4: Hedwigsweg 16, D-30539 Hannover, Germany  5: PSI AG, Parsevalstr. 70, D-45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 479 Issue 2/3, p555; Subject Term: ELECTRON-ion collisions; Subject Term: FRAGMENTATION reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doubly-charged molecule fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–ion coincidences; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barber, R.
AU  - Ahmed, M.W.
AU  - Dzemidzic, M.
AU  - Empl, A.
AU  - Hungerford, E.V.
AU  - Lan, K.J.
AU  - Wilson, J.
AU  - Cooper, M.D.
AU  - Gagliardi, C.A.
AU  - Haim, D.
AU  - Kim, G.J.
AU  - Koetke, D.D.
AU  - Tribble, R.E.
AU  - Van Ausdeln, L.A.
T1  - Characteristics of a delay-line readout in a cylindrical drift chamber system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 479
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 591
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper reports on the design, construction, and operational characteristics of a delay-line readout implemented on the cathode foils of a cylindrical drift chamber system. The readout was used to determine the position of an event along the length of the <f>1.74 m</f> drift wires in the MEGA detectors used at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility. The performance of the system is interpreted by comparison to a PSPICE simulation, and to simple analytical models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - DELAY lines
KW  - Delay-line readout
KW  - Particle detectors
KW  - Tracking detector
N1  - Accession Number: 7769349; Barber, R. 1 Ahmed, M.W. 1 Dzemidzic, M. 1 Empl, A. 1 Hungerford, E.V. 1; Email Address: hunger@uh.edu Lan, K.J. 1 Wilson, J. 1 Cooper, M.D. 2 Gagliardi, C.A. 3 Haim, D. 4 Kim, G.J. 3 Koetke, D.D. 5 Tribble, R.E. 3 Van Ausdeln, L.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston TX 77204-5506, USA  2: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA  4: Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  5: Department of Physics, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 479 Issue 2/3, p591; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: DELAY lines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Delay-line readout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking detector; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Verda, R.D.
AU  - Tesmer, J.R.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Bower, R.W.
T1  - <atl>An energy spread correction for depth profiling by elastic recoil detection analysis
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 187
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A technique for hydrogen depth profiling by reflection elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA) called the channel-depth conversion was introduced in [Verda et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 183 (2001) 401]. The conversion is determined from ion beam analysis of specially prepared standards and transforms the channel axis of ERDA spectra directly to units of depth. However, the channel-depth conversion does not address energy spread inherent in forward recoil spectra. Energy spread causes a broadening in the energy range of the spectrum, which can lead to errors in depth profiling. This work introduces a technique that addresses energy spread, called the energy spread correction. Together, the energy spread correction and the channel-depth conversion techniques, applied to ERDA spectra in that order, comprise a depth profiling method presented in this work. In the case where forward recoil spectra must be obtained using an absorber foil, we show that the depth profiling method is independent of foil thickness. The method was developed for hydrogen depth profiling by ERDA performed with a reflection geometry setup that requires an absorber foil. But, in principle, this method could be used to profile other elements, and that with transmission geometry setups and/or detection systems that do not require an absorber foil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - Calibration standards
KW  - Depth profiling
KW  - Energy spread
N1  - Accession Number: 7753815; Verda, R.D. 1; Email Address: verda@lanl.gov Tesmer, J.R. 1 Nastasi, M. 1 Bower, R.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 187 Issue 3, p383; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration standards; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depth profiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy spread; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortiz, G.
AU  - Knill, E.
AU  - Gubernatis, J.E.
T1  - The challenge of quantum computer simulations of physical phenomena
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The goal of physics simulation using controllable quantum systems (“physics imitation”) is to exploit quantum laws to advantage, and thus accomplish efficient simulation of physical phenomena. In this Note, we discuss the fundamental concepts behind this paradigm of information processing, such as the connection between models of computation and physical systems. The experimental simulation of a toy quantum many-body problem is described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 9437401; Ortiz, G. 1 Knill, E. 1 Gubernatis, J.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p151; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyle, P.A.
AU  - Chen, D.
AU  - Christ, N.H.
AU  - Cristian, C.
AU  - Dong, Z.
AU  - Gara, A.
AU  - Joó, B.
AU  - Kim, C.
AU  - Levkova, L.
AU  - Liao, X.
AU  - Liu, G.
AU  - Mawhinney, R.D.
AU  - Ohta, S.
AU  - Wettig, T.
AU  - Yamaguchi, A.
T1  - Status of the QCDOC project
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A status report is given of the QCDOC project, a massively parallel computer optimized for lattice QCD using system-on-a-chip technology. We describe several of the hardware and software features unique to the QCDOC architecture and present performance figures obtained from simulating the current VHDL design of the QCDOC chip with single-cycle accuracy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 9437405; Boyle, P.A. 1,2 Chen, D. 3 Christ, N.H. 2 Cristian, C. 2 Dong, Z. 2 Gara, A. 3 Joó, B. 1,2 Kim, C. 2 Levkova, L. 2 Liao, X. 2 Liu, G. 2 Mawhinney, R.D. 2 Ohta, S. 4,5 Wettig, T. 5,6 Yamaguchi, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Scotland  2: Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 U.S.A.  3: IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598 U.S.A.  4: Institute for Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan  5: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973 U.S.A.  6: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8120 U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p177; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
T1  - Cost of dynamical quark simulations with improved staggered quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The cost of dynamical quark simulations with improved staggered quarks is estimated based on current and planned running by the MILC collaboration. I find that a few 10s of Teraflop years should be sufficient to calculate down to a lattice spacing of 0.045 fm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 9437407; Gottlieb, Steven 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics—SW117; Indiana University; Bloomington, IN 47405; USA  2: Theory Group MS106; Fermilab; P.O. Box 500; Batavia, IL 60510-0500; USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p189; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernard, Claude
AU  - Christ, Norman
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
AU  - Jansen, Karl
AU  - Kenway, Richard
AU  - Lippert, Thomas
AU  - Lüscher, Martin
AU  - Mackenzie, Paul
AU  - Niedermayer, Ferenc
AU  - Sharpe, Stephen
AU  - Tripiccione, Raffaele
AU  - Ukawa, Akira
AU  - Wittig, Hartmut
T1  - Panel discussion on the cost of dynamical quark simulations
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 09205632
AB  - This is a transcript of the recorded panel discussion on the cost of dynamical quark simulations at Lattice2001. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 9437412; Bernard, Claude 1 Christ, Norman 2 Gottlieb, Steven 3 Jansen, Karl 4 Kenway, Richard 5 Lippert, Thomas 6 Lüscher, Martin 7 Mackenzie, Paul 8 Niedermayer, Ferenc 9 Sharpe, Stephen 10 Tripiccione, Raffaele 11 Ukawa, Akira 12 Wittig, Hartmut 13; Affiliation:  1: Dept of Physics, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63130, USA  2: Dept of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  3: Theory Group, MS 106, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA  4: NIC/DESY Zeuthen, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany  5: Dept of Physics & Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Scotland  6: Dept of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany  7: Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  8: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  9: Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  10: Physics Dept, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  11: Physics Dept, University of Ferrara and INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, I-34100 Ferrara, Italy  12: Center for Computational Physics and Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan  13: Division of Theoretical Physics, Dept of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p199; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aoki, Yasumichi
T1  - Hadron spectrum for quenched domain-wall fermions with DBW2 gauge action
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We investigate basic physical quantities for quenched simulation with domain-wall fermions and the DBW2 gauge action. Masses and decay constant of pseudoscalar mesons are measured. Scaling properties are tested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - MESONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9437425; Aoki, Yasumichi 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p245; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: MESONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardeen, W.
AU  - Duncan, A.
AU  - Eichten, E.
AU  - Isgur, N.
AU  - Thacker, H.
T1  - Chiral loop effects in the quenched scalar isovector meson propagator
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 254
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The scalar isovector meson propagator is studied in quenched QCD. For the lightest quark masses used, this propagator is dominated by a quenched chiral loop effect associated with the η′-π two-meson intermediate state. Both the time dependence and the pion mass dependence of the effect are well-described by quenched chiral perturbation theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUARKS
KW  - MESONS
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9437428; Bardeen, W. 1 Duncan, A. 2 Eichten, E. 1 Isgur, N. 3 Thacker, H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 U.S.A.  2: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, US  3: Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 U.S.A.  4: Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p254; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sasaki, Shoichi
AU  - Blum, Tom
AU  - Ohta, Shigemi
AU  - Orginos, Kostas
T1  - Nucleon axial charge from quenched lattice QCD with domain wall fermions and improved gauge action
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 302
SN  - 09205632
AB  - In our previous DWF calculation with the Wilson gauge action at β = 6.0 (a−1 ⋍ 1.9 GeV) on a 163 × 32 × 16 lattice, we found that gA had a fairly strong dependence on the quark mass. A simple linear extrapolation of gA to the chiral limit yielded a value that was almost a factor of two smaller than the experimental one. Here we report our recent study of this issue. In particular, we investigate possible errors arising from finite lattice volume, especially in the lighter quark mass region. We employ a RG-improved gauge action (DBW2), which maintains very good chiral behavior even on a coarse lattice (a−1 ⋍ 1.3 GeV), in order to perform simulations at large physical volume (> (2fm)3). Our preliminary results suggest that the finite volume effect is significant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUARKS
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
N1  - Accession Number: 9437444; Sasaki, Shoichi 1 Blum, Tom 2 Ohta, Shigemi 2,3 Orginos, Kostas 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.  2: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.  3: Institute for Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p302; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blum, T.
T1  - ImA0, ImA2, and ∊′ from quenched lattice QCD
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present results for the imaginary parts of the I = 0 and 2 K → ππ decay amplitudes, ImA0,2, and the ratio of CP violation parameters, ∊′/∊. Our calculation is done in the quenched approximation at a−1 &ap; 2 GeV, lattice size 163 × 32, using domain wall fermions with Ls = 16. We study the three flavor case (charm is not an active flavor) and find ∊′/∊ is small and slightly negative. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437449; Blum, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p317; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simone, J.N.
AU  - Hashimoto, S.
AU  - Kronfeld, A.S.
AU  - Mackenzie, P.B.
AU  - Ryan, S.M.
T1  - The B → D*ℓν form factor at zero recoil and the determination of &z.sfnc;Vcb&z.sfnc;
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 394
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We summarize our lattice QCD study of the form factor at zero recoil in the decay B → D*ℓν. After careful consideration of all sources of systematic uncertainty, we find, hA1 (1) = 0.913+24+17−17−30, where the first uncertainty is from statistics and fitting while the second combined uncertainty is from all other systematic effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - STATISTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 9437474; Simone, J.N. 1; Email Address: simone@fnal.gov Hashimoto, S. 2 Kronfeld, A.S. 1 Mackenzie, P.B. 1 Ryan, S.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan  3: Department of Applied Mathematics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p394; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernard, C.
AU  - Burch, T.
AU  - Datta, S.
AU  - DeGrand, T.A.
AU  - DeTar, C.E.
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
AU  - Heller, U.M.
AU  - Orginos, K.
AU  - Sugar, R.L.
AU  - Toussaint, D.
T1  - Thermodynamics with 3 and 2+1 flavors of improved staggered quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present preliminary results [1] from exploring the phase diagram of finite temperature QCD with three degenerate flavors and with two light flavors and the mass of the third held approximately at the strange quark mass. We use an order α2sa2, a4 Symanzik improved gauge action and an order αsa2, a4 improved staggered quark action. The improved staggered action leads to a dispersion relation with diminished lattice artifacts, and hence better thermodynamic properties. It decreases the flavor symmetry breaking of staggered quarks substantially, and we estimate that at the transition temperature for an Nt = 8 to Nt = 10 lattice all pions will be lighter than the lightest kaon. Preliminary results on lattices with Nt = 4, 6 and 8 are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUARKS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437485; Bernard, C. 1 Burch, T. 2 Datta, S. 3 DeGrand, T.A. 4 DeTar, C.E. 5 Gottlieb, Steven 3 Heller, U.M. 6 Orginos, K. 7 Sugar, R.L. 8 Toussaint, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  4: Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA  5: Physics Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  6: CSIT, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4120, USA  7: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 U.S.A.  8: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p429; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kogut, J.B.
AU  - Sinclair, D.K.
T1  - Lattice QCD at finite isospin density
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 444
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We have simulated QCD at a finite chemical potential μI for isospin (I3) to probe part of the phase diagram for nuclear matter. Preliminary results suggest that for μI > μc, this theory forms a charged pion condensate which spontaneously breaks I3, and the isospin density is non zero. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ISOBARIC spin
KW  - PIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437490; Kogut, J.B. 1 Sinclair, D.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p444; Subject Term: ISOBARIC spin; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephanov, M.A.
T1  - Novel phenomena in high-density QCD
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
SN  - 09205632
AB  - This paper is a summary of Refs. [1,2]. We discuss QCD with two light quark flavors at large baryon chemical potential μ. We study the lightest excitations in this theory. We show that the infrared physics is described by a pure 2-color gluodynamics with large dielectric constant and exponentially soft confinement scale. We also show that at a shorter scale, associated with a light pseudoscalar excitation η, QCD admits a long-living domain wall configuration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUARKS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437491; Stephanov, M.A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7059 U.S.A.  2: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p447; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dumitru, Adrian
AU  - Pisarski, Robert D.
T1  - Test of the Polyakov Loop Model
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We discuss the two point functions for the real and imaginary parts of the Polyakov loop in a pure SU(3) gauge theory. The behavior of these correlation functions in the Polyakov Loop Model is markedly different from that in perturbation theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437503; Dumitru, Adrian Pisarski, Robert D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973 USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p483; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gattringer, C.
AU  - Göckeler, M.
AU  - Rakow, P.E.L.
AU  - Schäfer, A.
AU  - Söldner, W.
AU  - Wettig, T.
T1  - Lattice QCD at finite temperature: Evidence for calorons from the eigenvectors of the Dirac operator
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 492
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We analyze the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the staggered Dirac operator in quenched lattice QCD in the vicinity of the deconfinement phase transition using the Lu¨scher-Weisz gauge action. The spectral and localization properties of the low-lying eigenmodes show characteristic differences between the Z3 sectors above the critical temperature Tc. These findings can be interpreted in terms of calorons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
KW  - GAUGE field theory
N1  - Accession Number: 9437507; Gattringer, C. 1 Göckeler, M. 1 Rakow, P.E.L. 1 Schäfer, A. 1 Söldner, W. 1 Wettig, T. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany  2: Center for Theoretical Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8120, USA  3: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p492; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duncan, A.
AU  - Eichten, E.
AU  - Thacker, H.
T1  - Unquenched studies using the truncated determinant algorithm
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 572
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A truncated determinant algorithm is used to study the physical effects of the quark eigenmodes associated with eigenvalues below 420 MeV. This initial high statistics study focuses on coarse (64) lattices (with O(a2) improved gauge action), light internal quark masses and large physical volumes. Three features of full QCD are examined: topological charge distributions, string breaking as observed in the static energy and the eta prime mass. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437532; Duncan, A. 1 Eichten, E. 2 Thacker, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 U.S.A.  2: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 U.S.A.  3: Dept. of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p572; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Juge, K. Jimmy
AU  - Kuti, Julius
AU  - Morningstar, Colin
T1  - The QCD string spectrum and conformal field theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 691
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The low energy excitation spectrum of the critical Wilson surface is discussed between the roughening transition and the continuum limit of lattice QCD. The fine structure of the spectrum is interpreted within the framework of two-dimensional conformal field theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9437569; Juge, K. Jimmy 1 Kuti, Julius 2 Morningstar, Colin 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  3: Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p691; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Izubuchi, Taku
AU  - Dawson, Chris
T1  - Effects of extra Wilson fermions with large negative mass
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 748
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We study effects of extra Wilson fermion with large negative mass coupled to domain-wall fermions (DWF) for improving the chiral properties. The relation between unwanted violation of the chiral symmetry and the translational invariant modes in the 5th direction is discussed in detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
N1  - Accession Number: 9437585; Izubuchi, Taku 1 Dawson, Chris 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p748; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creutz, Michael
AU  - Horváth, Ivan
AU  - Neuberger, Herbert
T1  - A new fermion Hamiltonian for lattice gauge theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 760
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We formulate Hamiltonian vector-like lattice gauge theory using the overlap formula for the spatial fermionic part, Hf. We define a chiral charge, Q5 which commutes with Hf, but not with the electric field term. There is an interesting relation between the chiral charge and the fermion energy with consequences for chiral anomalies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
N1  - Accession Number: 9437589; Creutz, Michael 1 Horváth, Ivan 2 Neuberger, Herbert 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA  3: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p760; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Di Pierro, Massimo
AU  - Mackenzie, Paul
T1  - Nonperturbative tuning of O(a2) improved staggered fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 777
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We perform a nonperturbative tuning of the coefficients in the O(a2) improved action for staggered fermions. The mass splitting for the pions of different doubler flavor is used as a measure of the symmetry breaking effects introduced by O(a2) discretization errors. We find that the flavor nondegeneracy can be somewhat reduced but not eliminated by such a tuning, indicating the need for new terms in the action to reduce the nondegeneracy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - PIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437593; Di Pierro, Massimo 1 Mackenzie, Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60563, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p777; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharya, T.
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Lee, W.
T1  - Renormalization constants using quark states in Landau gauge
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 786
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We show that given one O(a) improvement constant, bm, all the remaining quantities needed to define the renormalized and O(a) improved dimension-3 quark bilinears can be obtained by studying the matrix elements of these operators between external quark states in a fixed gauge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUARKS
KW  - GAGES
N1  - Accession Number: 9437596; Bhattacharya, T. 1 Gupta, R. 1 Lee, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: MS B285, Group T-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p786; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: GAGES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harada, J.
AU  - Hashimoto, S.
AU  - Ishikawa, K.-I.
AU  - Kronfeld, A.S.
AU  - Onogi, T.
AU  - Yamada, N.
T1  - One-loop renormalization of heavy-light currents
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 802
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We calculate the mass dependent renormalization factors of heavy-light bilinears at one-loop order of perturbation theory, when the heavy quark is treated with the Fermilab formalism. We present numerical results for the Wilson and Sheikholeslami-Wohlert actions, with and without tree-level rotation. We find that in both cases our results smoothly interpolate from the static limit to the massless limit. We also calculate the mass dependent Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie scale q*, with and without tadpole-improvement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RENORMALIZATION (Physics)
KW  - BILINEAR forms
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 9437602; Harada, J. 1; Email Address: harada@theo.phys.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp Hashimoto, S. 2 Ishikawa, K.-I. 3 Kronfeld, A.S. 4 Onogi, T. 5 Yamada, N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan  2: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  3: Center for Computational Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan  4: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA  5: Yukawa Institute for Theoritical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p802; Subject Term: RENORMALIZATION (Physics); Subject Term: BILINEAR forms; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Juge, K.J.
T1  - The charm quark mass to two-loop order
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 847
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The truncation of the perturbative series at one loop order for the mass renormalization constants remain a significant systematic uncertainty in the determination of heavy quark masses in lattice QCD. We present here a high beta Monte Carlo calculation of the two loop mass renormalization constant for clover-improved fermions near the charm mass in the Fermilab heavy quark formalism. A preliminary value for the charm quark mass in the <OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">MS</OVL> scheme at two loop order is reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RENORMALIZATION (Physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437616; Juge, K.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510 U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p847; Subject Term: RENORMALIZATION (Physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trottier, Howard D.
AU  - Lepage, G. Peter
AU  - Mackenzie, Paul B.
AU  - Mason, Quentin
AU  - Nobes, Matthew A.
T1  - Highly improved naive and staggered fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 856
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present a new action for highly improved staggered fermions. We show that perturbative calculations for the new action are well-behaved where those of the conventional staggered action are badly behaved. We discuss the effects of the new terms in controlling flavor mixing, and discuss the design of operators for the action. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437619; Trottier, Howard D. 1,2 Lepage, G. Peter 1 Mackenzie, Paul B. 3 Mason, Quentin 1 Nobes, Matthew A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA  2: Physics Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B. C., Canada, V5A 1S6, permanent address.  3: Fermilab, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p856; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
T1  - Benchmarking and tuning the MILC code on clusters and supercomputers
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1031
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Recently, we have benchmarked and tuned the MILC code on a number of architectures including Intel Itanium and Pentium IV (PIV), dual-CPU Athlon, and the latest Compaq Alpha nodes. Results will be presented for many of these, and we shall discuss some simple code changes that can result in a very dramatic speedup of the KS conjugate gradient on processors with more advanced memory systems such as PIV, IBM SP and Alpha. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - CONJUGATE gradient methods
N1  - Accession Number: 9437674; Gottlieb, Steven 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics—SW117; Indiana University; Bloomington, IN 47405; USA  2: Theory Group MS106; Fermilab; P.O. Box 500; Batavia, IL 60510-0500; USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p1031; Subject Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Subject Term: CONJUGATE gradient methods; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Di Pierro, Massimo
T1  - FermiQCD: A tool kit for parallel lattice QCD applications
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1034
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present here the most recent version of FermiQCD, a collection of C++ classes, functions and parallel algorithms for lattice QCD, based on Matrix Distributed Processing. FermiQCD allows fast development of parallel lattice applications and includes some SSE2 optimizations for clusters of Pentium 4 PCs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437675; Di Pierro, Massimo 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Kirk and Pine St., Batavia, Illinois 60563, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p1034; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dreher, P.
AU  - Akers, W.
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Watson, C.
T1  - Physics development of web-based tools for use in hardware clusters doing lattice physics
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1040
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Jefferson Lab and MIT are developing a set of web-based tools within the Lattice Hadron Physics Collaboration to allow lattice QCD theorists to treat the computational facilities located at the two sites as a single meta-facility. The prototype Lattice Portal provides researchers the ability to submit jobs to the cluster, browse data caches, and transfer files between cache and off-line storage. The user can view the configuration of the PBS servers and to monitor both the status of all batch queues as well as the jobs in each queue. Work is starting on expanding the present system to include job submissions at the meta-facility level (shared queue), as well as multi-site file transfers and enhanced policy-based data management capabilities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437677; Dreher, P. 1 Akers, W. 2 Chen, J. 2 Chen, Y. 2 Watson, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: MIT Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 U.S.A.  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606 U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p1040; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duncan, A.
AU  - Eichten, E.
AU  - Yoo, J.
T1  - Hadronic correlators from all-point quark propagators
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 106/107
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1061
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A method for computing all-point quark propagators is applied to a variety of processes of physical interest in lattice QCD. The method allows, for example, efficient calculation of disconnected parts and full momentum-space 2 and 3 point functions. Examples discussed include: extraction of chiral Lagrangian parameters from current correlators, the pion form factor, and the unquenched eta-prime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9437685; Duncan, A. 1 Eichten, E. 2 Yoo, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 U.S.A.  2: Theory Group, Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 106/107 Issue 1-3, p1061; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dutay, J.-C.
AU  - Bullister, J.L.
AU  - Doney, S.C.
AU  - Orr, J.C.
AU  - Najjar, R.
AU  - Caldeira, K.
AU  - Campin, J.-M.
AU  - Drange, H.
AU  - Follows, M.
AU  - Gao, Y.
AU  - Gruber, N.
AU  - Hecht, M.W.
AU  - Ishida, A.
AU  - Joos, F.
AU  - Lindsay, K.
AU  - Madec, G.
AU  - Maier-Reimer, E.
AU  - Marshall, J.C.
AU  - Matear, R.J.
AU  - Monfray, P.
T1  - Evaluation of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: comparison of 13 global ocean models
JO  - Ocean Modelling
JF  - Ocean Modelling
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 14635003
AB  - We compared the 13 models participating in the Ocean Carbon Model Intercomparison Project (OCMIP) with regards to their skill in matching observed distributions of CFC-11. This analysis characterizes the abilities of these models to ventilate the ocean on timescales relevant for anthropogenic <f>CO2</f> uptake. We found a large range in the modeled global inventory (<f>±30</f>%), mainly due to differences in ventilation from the high latitudes. In the Southern Ocean, models differ particularly in the longitudinal distribution of the CFC uptake in the intermediate water, whereas the latitudinal distribution is mainly controlled by the subgrid-scale parameterization. Models with isopycnal diffusion and eddy-induced velocity parameterization produce more realistic intermediate water ventilation. Deep and bottom water ventilation also varies substantially between the models. Models coupled to a sea-ice model systematically provide more realistic AABW formation source region; however these same models also largely overestimate AABW ventilation if no specific parameterization of brine rejection during sea-ice formation is included. In the North Pacific Ocean, all models exhibit a systematic large underestimation of the CFC uptake in the thermocline of the subtropical gyre, while no systematic difference toward the observations is found in the subpolar gyre. In the North Atlantic Ocean, the CFC uptake is globally underestimated in subsurface. In the deep ocean, all but the adjoint model, failed to produce the two recently ventilated branches observed in the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). Furthermore, simulated transport in the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) is too sluggish in all but the isopycnal model, where it is too rapid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ocean Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - CFC
KW  - Models
KW  - Ocean ventilation
KW  - Transient tracers
N1  - Accession Number: 8725423; Dutay, J.-C. 1; Email Address: dutay@lsce.saclay.cea.fr Bullister, J.L. 2 Doney, S.C. 3 Orr, J.C. 1 Najjar, R. 4 Caldeira, K. 5 Campin, J.-M. 6 Drange, H. 7 Follows, M. 8 Gao, Y. 7 Gruber, N. 9 Hecht, M.W. 3 Ishida, A. 10 Joos, F. 11 Lindsay, K. 3 Madec, G. 12 Maier-Reimer, E. 13 Marshall, J.C. 8 Matear, R.J. 14 Monfray, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif sur Yvette, France  2: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, Seattle, WA, USA  3: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA  4: Pensylvania State University, Pensylvania, USA  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  6: Institut d'Astronomie et de Geophysique G. Lemaitre, University Catholique de Louvain, Belgium  7: Nansen Enviromental and Remote Sensing Center, Norway  8: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA  9: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA  10: Institute for Global Change Research, Tokyo, Japan  11: Physics Institute Univeristy of Bern, Switzerland  12: Laboratoire d'Océanographie Dynamique et de Climatologie Paris, France  13: Max Planck Institut fuer Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany  14: Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization, Hobart, Australia; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p89; Subject Term: OCEAN; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: CFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ocean ventilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient tracers; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bleck, Rainer
T1  - Erratum to: “An Oceanic general circulation model framed in hybrid isopycnic-Cartesian coordinates” [Ocean Modelling 4 (2002) 55–88]
JO  - Ocean Modelling
JF  - Ocean Modelling
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 219
SN  - 14635003
N1  - Accession Number: 8725429; Bleck, Rainer 1; Email Address: bleck@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric and Climate Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B296 EES-8, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p219; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Starostin, A.N.
AU  - Mironov, A.B.
AU  - Aleksandrov, N.L.
AU  - Fisch, N.J.
AU  - Kulsrud, R.M.
T1  - Quantum corrections to the distribution function of particles over momentum in dense media
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 305
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
SN  - 03784371
AB  - A simple derivation of the Galitskii–Yakimets distribution function over momentum is presented. For dense plasmas it contains the law <f>∼p−8</f> as a quantum correction to the classical Maxwellian distribution function at large momenta. The integral equation for the width of the spectral distribution of kinetic Green functions is analyzed. The asymptotic behavior of the quantum corrections to the distribution function of particles is expressed via the Fourier transform of the wave function in the external potential. It is shown that the asymptotic power law for the distribution function over momentum is also correct for a non-equilibrium at the external electrical and laser fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - GREEN functors
KW  - Density matrix
KW  - Distribution function
KW  - Green function
KW  - Lorentz gas
KW  - Self-energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7769459; Starostin, A.N. 1; Email Address: staran@triniti.ru Mironov, A.B. 1 Aleksandrov, N.L. 2; Email Address: alek@neq.mipt.ru Fisch, N.J. 3; Email Address: fisch@pppl.gov Kulsrud, R.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Fusion Research, Moscow region, 142092 Troitsk, Russia  2: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow region, Russia  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, NJ, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 305 Issue 1/2, p287; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: GREEN functors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distribution function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lorentz gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-energy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Movshovich, R.
AU  - Bianchi, A.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
AU  - Curro, N.
AU  - Hammel, P.C.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Unconventional superconductivity in <f>CeIrIn5</f> and <f>CeCoIn5</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Following our recent discovery of superconductivity at ambient pressure in heavy fermion <f>CeIrIn5</f> and <f>CeCoIn5</f>, we studied the nature of the superconducting states in these compounds with specific heat, thermal conductivity, and NMR measurements. The low temperature specific heat in both <f>CeIrIn5</f> and <f>CeCoIn5</f> includes <f>T2</f> terms, consistent with the presence of nodes in the superconducting energy gap, indicating spin-singlet pairing. The thermal conductivity data present a <f>T</f>-linear term consistent with the universal limit (<f>CeIrIn5</f>) and a low temperature <f>T3</f> variation in the clean limit (<f>CeCoIn5</f>), also in accord with predictions for an unconventional superconductor with lines of nodes. An NMR study of <f>CeCoIn5</f> reveals suppressed spin susceptibility in the superconducting state, and the low temperature <f>Hc2</f> in <f>CeCoIn5</f> is Pauli limited, both indicating spin-singlet pairing. Taken together, our measurements point to d-wave superconductivity in this family of compounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - Heavy fermions
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Superconductors
KW  - Thermal conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7793346; Movshovich, R. 1; Email Address: roman@lanl.gov Bianchi, A. 1 Jaime, M. 1 Hundley, M.F. 1 Thompson, J.D. 1 Curro, N. 1 Hammel, P.C. 1 Fisk, Z. 2 Pagliuso, P.G. 1 Sarrao, J.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: NHMFL, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p7; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal conductivity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kao, Ying-Jer
AU  - Iyengar, Andrew P.
AU  - Chen, Qijin
AU  - Levin, K.
T1  - A precursor superconductivity approach to magnetic field effects in the pseudogap phase
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We study the upper critical field <f>Hc2</f> (or <f>Tc(H)</f>), and <f>T&ast;(H)</f> within the pseudogap state, using a mean field scheme which incorporates a strong pairing attraction; for small coupling, <f>g</f>, this approach reduces to BCS theory. However at larger <f>g</f> a pseudogap, <f>Δpg</f> is present at <f>Tc</f> which dramatically changes the behavior of the inferred coherence length <f>ξ</f>, relative to that of BCS theory. Similarly, the quadratic terms in a Ginzburg–Landau description, are modified by <f>Δpg≠0</f>. These pseudogap effects, in accord with experiment, are responsible for the fact that (i) <f>ξ</f> is weakly <f>x</f>-dependent (ii) and <f>Tc</f> is more strongly <f>H</f> dependent than is <f>T&ast;</f>. Very near the superconductor–insulator transition <f>ξ</f> is predicted to quickly increase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Critical fields
KW  - Precursor superconductivity
KW  - Pseudogap
N1  - Accession Number: 7793358; Kao, Ying-Jer 1; Email Address: ykao@uchicago.edu Iyengar, Andrew P. 1 Chen, Qijin 2 Levin, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p42; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precursor superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudogap; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heffner, R.H.
AU  - MacLaughlin, D.E.
AU  - Nieuwenhuys, G.J.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Sonier, J.E.
T1  - Magnetic phase diagram for Li-doped <f>La2CuO4</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 09214526
AB  - <f>μSR</f> measurements establish a magnetic phase diagram in <f>La2Cu1−zLizO4, 0.01&les;z&les;0.13</f>. A cluster-glass state occurs below <f>&ap;10 K</f> for <f>0.03&lsim;z&lsim;0.10</f>. The similarity of the magnetic phase diagrams in <f>(La,Sr)2CuO4</f> and non-superconducting <f>La2(Cu,Li)O4</f> calls into question the association of Cu spin fluctuations with the pseudogap observed in under doped cuprate superconductors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOPED semiconductors
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - <f>μ</f>SR
KW  - Cuprates
KW  - Magnetism
N1  - Accession Number: 7793367; Heffner, R.H. 1; Email Address: heffner@lanl.gov MacLaughlin, D.E. 2 Nieuwenhuys, G.J. 3 Sarrao, J.L. 1 Sonier, J.E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Material Science and Technical Division, MS K764, MST-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  3: Kammerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands  4: Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p65; Subject Term: DOPED semiconductors; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>μ</f>SR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cuprates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetism; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klauss, H.-H.
AU  - Wagener, W.
AU  - Kopmann, W.
AU  - Baabe, D.
AU  - Mienert, D.
AU  - Litterst, F.J.
AU  - Hücker, M.
AU  - Büchner, B.
T1  - Magnetic stripe order in <f>La1.8−xEu0.2SrxCuO4</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The magnetic order in <f>La1.8−xEu0.2SrxCuO4</f> (<f>x&les;0.2</f>) with low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) structure has been investigated with muon spin relaxation. The magnetic phase diagram of the LTT phase resembles the generic phase diagram of the cuprates where superconductivity is replaced by a second antiferromagnetic phase. A crossover from magnetic order to superconductivity is observed at a charge doping of <f>x=0.2</f>. Changing the degree of the LTT lattice distortion via a variation of the Eu content the ground state at <f>x=0.2</f> can be tuned from magnetism to superconductivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - CRITICAL point
KW  - MUON spin rotation
KW  - Quantum critical point
KW  - Stripe magnetism
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7793369; Klauss, H.-H. 1; Email Address: h.klauss@tu-bs.de Wagener, W. 1 Kopmann, W. 1 Baabe, D. 1 Mienert, D. 1 Litterst, F.J. 1 Hücker, M. 2 Büchner, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Metallphysik, TU Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 3 D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  3: II. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p71; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: CRITICAL point; Subject Term: MUON spin rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum critical point; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripe magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thorsmølle, Verner K.
AU  - Averitt, Richard D.
AU  - Maley, Martin P.
AU  - Bulaevskii, Lev N.
AU  - Helm, Christian
AU  - Taylor, Antoinette J.
T1  - Josephson plasma resonance in <f>Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8</f> in a magnetic field measured using THz spectroscopy
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 84
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We report the first measurements of the <f>c</f>-axis Josephson plasma resonance (JPR) in <f>Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8</f> as a function of temperature with and without a <f>c</f>-axis magnetic field using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in transmission. The JPR is sensitive to the alignment of pancake vortices along the <f>c</f>-axis, and is observed to decrease when applying a magnetic field as expected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - JOSEPHSON effect
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Josephson plasma resonance
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - Terahertz spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7793375; Thorsmølle, Verner K.; Email Address: vthorsmolle@lanl.gov Averitt, Richard D. 1 Maley, Martin P. 1 Bulaevskii, Lev N. 1 Helm, Christian 1 Taylor, Antoinette J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Superconductivity Technology Center, MS K 763, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p84; Subject Term: JOSEPHSON effect; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Josephson plasma resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terahertz spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Averitt, R.D.
AU  - Thorsmølle, V.K.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
AU  - Trugman, S.A.
AU  - Taylor, A.J.
T1  - Nonequilibrium superconductivity in <f>Y1−xPrxBa2Cu3O7</f> thin films
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have measured the picosecond conductivity dynamics in <f>Y1−xPrxBa2Cu3O7</f> thin films from 0.3–<f>2.0 THz</f>. Our experimental technique measures the complex conductivity <f>σre(ω)+iσim(ω)</f> permitting the simultaneous observation of superconducting pair and quasiparticle dynamics. We emphasize aspects of the conductivity dynamics which extend our previous results (Phys. Rev. B 63 (2001) 140502(R)). In particular, the recovery of <f>σre</f> is faster than <f>σim</f>, and the recovery of <f>σim</f> decreases with increasing frequency. This suggests another carrier relaxation pathway, in addition to superconducting pair recovery, following optical excitation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - Terahertz
KW  - Ultrafast
N1  - Accession Number: 7793376; Averitt, R.D.; Email Address: raveritt@lanl.gov Thorsmølle, V.K. 1 Jia, Q.X. 1 Trugman, S.A. 1 Taylor, A.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-10 Consensed Matter and Thermal Physics, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p86; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terahertz; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafast; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bao, W.
AU  - Christianson, A.D.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
AU  - Lynn, J.W.
T1  - Effect of La doping on magnetic structure in heavy fermion <f>CeRhIn5</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The magnetic structure of <f>Ce0.9La0.1RhIn5</f> is measured using neutron diffraction. It is identical to the incommensurate transverse spiral for <f>CeRhIn5</f>, with a magnetic wave vector <f>qM=(1/2,1/2,0.297)</f>, and a staggered moment of <f>0.38(2)μB</f> at <f>1.4 K</f> despite a reduced Ne´el temperature of <f>2.7 K</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC structure
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - Heavy fermion superconductor
KW  - Magnetic structure
KW  - Neutron diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7793388; Bao, W. 1; Email Address: wbao@lanl.gov Christianson, A.D. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 1 Sarrao, J.L. 1 Thompson, J.D. 1 Lacerda, A.H. 1 Lynn, J.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANL, MS-K764, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p120; Subject Term: MAGNETIC structure; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kohori, Y.
AU  - Yamato, Y.
AU  - Iwamoto, Y.
AU  - Kohara, T.
AU  - Bauer, E.D.
AU  - Maple, M.B.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - NMR and NQR studies of superconducting CeTIn<f>5</f> (T=Co, Rh and Ir)
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have carried out <f>115</f>In and <f>59</f>Co nuclear quadrupole resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements on CeTIn<f>5</f> (T=Co, Rh and Ir). The temperature <f>T</f>- and the pressure <f>P</f>-dependence of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate <f>1/T1</f> of <f>115</f>In in CeTIn<f>5</f> indicated that the superconductivity occurred close to an antiferromagnetic instability. In the superconducting state, <f>1/T1</f> has no Hebel–Slichter coherence peak just below <f>TC</f> and a power-law <f>T</f>-dependence (<f>1/T1∼T3</f>) at very low temperatures, which indicates the existence of line nodes in the superconducting energy gap. The <f>115</f>In (Ce–In plane) Knight shift in CeCoIn<f>5</f> decreases for both parallel and perpendicular directions to the tetragonal <f>c</f>-axis below <f>TC</f>, which shows that the spin susceptibility decreases in all directions. These results indicate that CeTIn<f>5</f> (T=Co, Rh and Ir) exhibit non-<f>s</f>-wave even parity (probably <f>d</f>-wave) superconductivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - High pressure
KW  - NMR/NQR
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING & the Transformation of Science (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 7793390; Kohori, Y. 1; Email Address: kohori@sci.himeji-tech.ac.jp Yamato, Y. 1 Iwamoto, Y. 1 Kohara, T. 1 Bauer, E.D. 2 Maple, M.B. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Material Science, Faculty of Science, Himeji Institute of Technology, Ako-gun Hyogo 678-1297, Japan  2: Department of Physics and Institute of Pure and Applied Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  3: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p126; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR/NQR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Reviews & Products: SUPERCONDUCTING & the Transformation of Science (Book); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Movshovich, R.
AU  - Bianchi, A.D.
AU  - Nicklas, M.
AU  - Moreno, N.O.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
T1  - Multiple phase transitions in Ce(Rh,Ir,Co)In<f>5</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity and heat capacity data for single crystals of Ce(Rh,Ir)<f>1−x</f>(Co,Ir)<f>x</f>In<f>5</f> <f>(0&les;x&les;1)</f> have allowed us to construct a detailed phase diagram for this new family of heavy-fermion superconductors. CeRh<f>1−x</f>Ir<f>x</f>In<f>5</f> displays superconductivity(SC) <f>(Tc&lsim;1 K)</f> over a wide range of composition, which develops out of and coexists <f>(0.30&lsim;x&lsim;0.5)</f> with a magnetically ordered state, with <f>TN∼4 K</f>. For <f>CeCo1−xRhxIn5</f>, the superconducting state (<f>Tc∼2.3 K</f> for <f>x</f>=0) becomes a magnetic state (<f>TN∼4 K</f>, for <f>x</f>=1) with two phase transitions observed for <f>0.40&lsim;x&lsim;0.25</f>. CeCo<f>1−x</f>Ir<f>x</f>In<f>5</f> also shows two transitions for <f>0.30&lsim;x&lsim;0.75</f>. For those alloys in which SC is found, a roughly linear relationship between <f>Tc</f> and the lattice parameter ratio c/a, was found, with composition as the implicit parameter. The interplay between magnetism and SC for CeRh<f>1−x</f>(Ir,Co)<f>x</f>In<f>5</f> and the possibility of two distinct superconducting states in CeCo<f>1−x</f>Ir<f>x</f>In<f>5</f> are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - Antiferromagentism
KW  - Coexistence
KW  - Heavy-fermion superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7793391; Pagliuso, P.G.; Email Address: pagliuso@lanl.gov Movshovich, R. 1 Bianchi, A.D. 1 Nicklas, M. 1 Moreno, N.O. 1 Thompson, J.D. 1 Hundley, M.F. 1 Sarrao, J.L. 1 Fisk, Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K 764, MST-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p129; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiferromagentism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coexistence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-fermion superconductivity; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, D.P.
AU  - Durakiewicz, T.
AU  - Joyce, J.J.
AU  - Arko, A.J.
AU  - Morales, L.A.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Wills, J.M.
AU  - Olson, C.G.
T1  - The electronic structure of CeRhIn5 and LaRhIn5 from ARPES
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 134
SN  - 09214526
AB  - In the heavy-fermion CeRhIn5 and the isostructural compound LaRhIn5 the extra 4f-electron in Ce may alter the band structure near <f>EF</f>, suggesting that the 4f''s participate in band formation. ARPES data indicates that correlation effects are mostly evident along the Γ–Z direction in the Brillouin zone. Very good agreement to GGA band calculations is found. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - Band structure
KW  - CeRhIn5
KW  - Photoemission
N1  - Accession Number: 7793393; Moore, D.P. 1; Email Address: dmoore@lanl.gov Durakiewicz, T. 1 Joyce, J.J. 1 Arko, A.J. 1 Morales, L.A. 1 Sarrao, J.L. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 1 Wills, J.M. 1 Olson, C.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Ames Laboratory USDOE, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p134; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeRhIn5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borth, R.
AU  - Lengyel, E.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Sparn, G.
AU  - Steglich, F.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
T1  - Heat capacity of the heavy fermion superconductor <f>CeIrIn5</f> under hydrostatic pressure
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
SN  - 09214526
AB  - <f>CeIrIn5</f> belongs to a new class of heavy fermion (HF) superconductors that crystallize in the tetragonal <f>HoCoGa5</f>-structure. This structure can be regarded as alternating layers of <f>CeIn3</f> and <f>IrIn2</f>. Bulk <f>CeIn3</f> undergoes a transition from an antiferromagnetic (AFM) state at ambient pressure <f>(TN=10 K)</f> to a superconducting state <f>(Tc=0.15 K)</f> at a critical pressure <f>pc=2.8 GPa</f> at which long range magnetic order vanishes. It is, therefore, regarded as a possible candidate for magnetically mediated superconductivity (SC). We report on measurements of the heat capacity of <f>CeIrIn5</f> at hydrostatic pressure <f>p&les;1.6 GPa</f>. With increasing pressure, <f>Tc</f> increases almost linearly up to the maximum pressure applied, while the effective mass of the quasiparticles <f>meff</f> decreases as indicated by the ratio <f>C/T</f> (<f>T=1 K)</f>. This may be interpreted as the stabilization of the superconducting state by the increase of the characteristic spin-fluctuation temperature <f>TSF (TSF∝kF2/meff)</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Heavy fermion superconductor
KW  - Hydrostatic pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 7793394; Borth, R. 1; Email Address: borth@cpfs.mpg.de Lengyel, E. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 2 Sparn, G. 1 Steglich, F. 1 Thompson, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institute for the Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p136; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrostatic pressure; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sparn, G.
AU  - Borth, R.
AU  - Lengyel, E.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Steglich, F.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
T1  - Effect of pressure on unconventional superconductivity in <f>CeCoIn5</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 138
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Studies of a new family of heavy fermion (HF) superconductors <f>CeMIn5</f> (M: transition metal) point toward the realization of unconventional superconductivity (SC): the specific heat, thermal conductivity and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate of <f>CeIrIn5</f> and <f>CeCoIn5</f> decrease as a power law of temperature instead of exponentially for <f>T<Tc</f>. We report on measurements of the heat capacity of <f>CeCoIn5</f> at hydrostatic pressures <f>p&les;1.5 GPa</f>. In this compound, <f>Tc</f> increases with increasing pressure, while the effective mass of the quasi-particles <f>meff</f> decreases, as indicated by the ratio <f>C/T</f> (<f>T&ges;Tc</f>). As a working hypothesis, this may be interpreted as the stabilization of the superconducting state by an increase of the characteristic spin fluctuation temperature <f>TSF</f> (<f>TSF∝kF2/meff</f>). Interestingly, in <f>CeCoIn5</f> the ratio <f>ΔC/γTc&ap;5</f> is extremely large but starts to decrease rapidly with increasing <f>p</f> at <f>p&gsim;0.8 GPa</f> where <f>Tc(p)</f> approaches a maximum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Heavy fermion superconductor
KW  - Hydrostatic pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 7793395; Sparn, G. 1; Email Address: sparn@cpfs.mpg.de Borth, R. 1 Lengyel, E. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 2 Steglich, F. 1 Thompson, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institute for the Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p138; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrostatic pressure; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Souslov, A.
AU  - Dasgupta, D.
AU  - Feller, J.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Balakirev, F.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Migliori, A.
AU  - Lacerda, A.
AU  - Ketterson, J.B.
AU  - Sarma, Bimal K.
T1  - Acoustical measurements on the heavy fermion compound URu2Si2 in pulsed magnetic fields
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 224
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The ultrasonic properties of a URu2Si2 single crystal were measured in pulsed (25 ms) magnetic fields up to 50 T. In the frequency range from 20 to 200 MHz, both the attenuation and velocity of sound change markedly in the vicinity of the metamagnetic transitions (near 40 T). The data for URu2Si2 show three transitions, in agreement with earlier magnetization results of other authors. A unique fast data-acquisition ultrasonic spectrometer was assembled and utilized for these studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Heavy fermions
KW  - Pulsed magnetic fields
KW  - Ultrasound
KW  - URu2Si2
N1  - Accession Number: 7793431; Souslov, A. 1; Email Address: a_suslov@yahoo.com Dasgupta, D. 1 Feller, J. 1 Jaime, M. 2 Balakirev, F. 2 Hinks, D.G. 3 Migliori, A. 2 Lacerda, A. 2 Ketterson, J.B. 4 Sarma, Bimal K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Wilconsin-Milwaukee, 1900E Kenwood blvd., Milwaukee WI 53211, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Materials Science & Technology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p224; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrasound; Author-Supplied Keyword: URu2Si2; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paolasini, L.
AU  - Ouladdiaf, B.
AU  - Lander, G.H.
AU  - Bernhoeft, N.
AU  - Canfield, P.
T1  - Investigation of antiferromagnetic ground state of <f>Ce(Fe0.93Co0.07)2</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 226
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Resonant X-ray magnetic scattering experiments have been performed on a single crystal of <f>Ce(Fe0.93Co0.07)2</f>. With small Co doping the antiferromagnetic state is stabilized at low temperature, together with a rhombohedral distortion. We show by the azimuthal dependence of the scattered X-ray intensity at the <f>L3</f> edge of Ce that the Ce moments appear to lie parallel to the rhombohedral axis of distortion of the single domain probed. This result would be in disagreement with the accepted collinear spin arrangement from neutron-diffraction experiments. As a result, we re-analyze the neutron data to show that a possible model consistent with both experimental results involves a non-collinear arrangement of Fe spins. Introducing the dynamical aspect of this concept into the physics of <f>CeFe2</f> may allow one to understand how the frustration of the Fe tetrahedra leads to the appearance of antiferromagnetic fluctuations in the presence of ferromagnetism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAND theory of magnetism
KW  - LAVES phases (Metallurgy)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Itinerant magnetism
KW  - Laves phases
KW  - Resonant X-ray magnetic scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 7793432; Paolasini, L. 1; Email Address: paolasin@esrf.fr Ouladdiaf, B. 2 Lander, G.H. 3 Bernhoeft, N. 4 Canfield, P. 5; Affiliation:  1: European Synchrotron Radiation Fac., BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France  2: Institut Laue Langevin, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble, France  3: EITU, JRC, Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany  4: DRFMC, SPSMS, CEA-Grenoble, 38054 Grenoble, France  5: Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p226; Subject Term: BAND theory of magnetism; Subject Term: LAVES phases (Metallurgy); Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Itinerant magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laves phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant X-ray magnetic scattering; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christianson, A.D.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Moreno, N.O.
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - High field magnetotransport in Ce1−xLaxRhIn5 heavy electron alloys
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have preformed magnetotransport measurements between 1.4 and 300 K and in applied magnetic fields to 18 T on the Ce1−xLaxRhIn5 series of compounds. The results are discussed in terms of a positive contribution in the magnetoresistance due to the coherent Kondo regime and a negative contribution due to a more localized single impurity regime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - Heavy fermion
KW  - High magnetic fields
KW  - Magnetotransport
N1  - Accession Number: 7793439; Christianson, A.D. 1; Email Address: achristianson@lanl.gov Lacerda, A.H. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 2 Moreno, N.O. 2 Hundley, M.F. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS E536, Mail Stop E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, MS K764, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p241; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: High magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetotransport; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hong, S.O.
AU  - Min, B.H.
AU  - Lee, H.J.
AU  - Kimura, S.
AU  - Jung, M.H.
AU  - Takabatake, T.
AU  - Kwon, Y.S.
T1  - Influence of electronic structure of CeSbNi<f>0.15</f> on its optical conductivity
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The reflectivity of CeSbNi<f>0.15</f> is measured at several temperatures in the low energy regions. The optical conductivity is obtained from the measured reflectivity. The carrier concentration and the relaxation time are evaluated by the Drude model. It is found that the p–f mixing collapse takes place in CeSbNi<f>0.15</f> and that the gap formation occurs at 7 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - CeSbNi<f>0.15</f>
KW  - Optical conductivity
KW  - p–f mixing suppression
N1  - Accession Number: 7793443; Hong, S.O. 1 Min, B.H. 1 Lee, H.J. 1 Kimura, S. 2 Jung, M.H. 3 Takabatake, T. 4 Kwon, Y.S. 1; Email Address: yskwon@skku.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: BK21 Physics Research Division and Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea  2: Division of Mathematical and Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan  3: MST-NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Department of Quantum Matter, ADSM, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p251; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeSbNi<f>0.15</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: p–f mixing suppression; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moreno, N.O.
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Movshovich, R.
AU  - Nicklas, M.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
T1  - Physical properties of Ce<f>2</f>(Rh,Ir)<f>1−x</f>Co<f>x</f>In<f>8</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Heat capacity measurements were carried out on Ce<f>2</f>T<f>1−x</f>Co<f>x</f>In<f>8</f> (T=Rh, Ir), bilayer variants of the single-layer CeTIn<f>5</f> heavy fermions superconductors. We report the evolution of the ground state properties of Ce<f>2</f>RhIn<f>8</f> and Ce<f>2</f>IrIn<f>8</f> with Co substitution. We have determined from specific heat data a temperature-composition phase diagram and predict Ce<f>2</f>CoIn<f>8</f> to be an antiferromagnet at ambient pressure with <f>TN&ap;1.6</f> K, based on simple extrapolation up to <f>x=1</f>. The role of the reduced dimensionality and layering effects is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Ce compounds
KW  - Heavy fermion
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7793453; Moreno, N.O. 1; Email Address: nelsons@lanl.gov Hundley, M.F. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 1 Movshovich, R. 1 Nicklas, M. 1 Thompson, J.D. 1 Sarrao, J.L. 1 Fisk, Z. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: NHMFL, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p274; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ce compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gegenwart, P.
AU  - Aoki, H.
AU  - Cichorek, T.
AU  - Custers, J.
AU  - Harrison, N.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Lang, M.
AU  - Ochiai, A.
AU  - Steglich, F.
T1  - Thermodynamic and transport properties of the one-dimensional <f>S=<NU>1</NU>/2</f> antiferromagnet Yb4As3
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The semimetallic quasi-one-dimensional <f>S=<NU>1</NU>/2</f> antiferromagnet Yb4As3 has been studied by performing low-temperature (<f>T</f>) and high magnetic-field (<f>B</f>) measurements of the specific heat, <f>C(T,B)</f>, magnetization, <f>M(T,B)</f>, AC-susceptibility, <f>χAC(T,B)</f>, and electrical resistivity, <f>ρ(T,B)</f>. At finite transverse magnetic fields, a gap <f>Δ(B)</f> is induced in the low-energy magnetic excitation spectrum. Our <f>C(T,B)</f> measurements reveal a <f>Δ(B)∼B2/3</f> dependence for <f>B&les;9</f> T, in accordance with predictions of the quantum sine-Gordon model. At higher fields the <f>Δ(B)</f> curve levels-off gradually. In the isothermal magnetization taken at 0.6 K no saturation occurs up to 60 T. We also present new results on spin-glass behavior below 0.15 K caused by a weak ferromagnetic interchain coupling and disorder. Finally, we concentrate on the electrical transport properties. Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, arising from a low-density system of mobile As-4p holes, are recorded in magnetic fields up to 60 T. We estimate the effective mass and the mean-free path of these carriers and discuss spin-splitting effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - SPIN glasses
KW  - One-dimensional Heisenberg chain
KW  - Shubnikov-de Haas effect
KW  - Spin glass
KW  - Yb4As3
N1  - Accession Number: 7793467; Gegenwart, P. 1; Email Address: gegenwart@cpfs.mpg.de Aoki, H. 1 Cichorek, T. 1 Custers, J. 1 Harrison, N. 2 Jaime, M. 2 Lang, M. 3 Ochiai, A. 4 Steglich, F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Noethnitzer Str. 48, D-01187 Dresden, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  3: Institute for Physics, University of Frankfurt, 60054 Frankfurt (Main), Germany  4: Center for Low Temperature Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p315; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: SPIN glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: One-dimensional Heisenberg chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shubnikov-de Haas effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yb4As3; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dzero, M.O.
AU  - Gor'kov, L.P.
AU  - Zvezdin, A.K.
T1  - Entropy first order transition in <f>YbInCu4</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Surprisingly, the elliptic shape and the parameters characterizing the line of the isostructural phase transition in <f>YbInCu4</f> and its alloys in the wide range of magnetic fields and temperatures, are perfectly described in terms of the entropy transition for free Yb ions. Assuming a more complicated model for the <f>Yb3+</f> ions considerable deviations from experimental data would appear. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - KONDO effect
KW  - Filed-induced phase transitions
KW  - Kondo effect
N1  - Accession Number: 7793468; Dzero, M.O. 1 Gor'kov, L.P. 1; Email Address: gorkov@magnet.fsu.edu Zvezdin, A.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Institute of General Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117942 Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p321; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: KONDO effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filed-induced phase transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kondo effect; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lawrence, J.M.
AU  - Ebihara, T.
AU  - Riseborough, P.S.
AU  - Booth, C.H.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
T1  - Two energy scales and slow crossover in <f>YbAl3</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 324
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We present results for <f>YbAl3</f> which show that the susceptibility, 4f occupation number and the entropy exhibit a slow crossover between the Fermi liquid and local moment regimes. Both the susceptibility and the linear specific heat coefficient exhibit low temperature peaks that imply that in addition to the Kondo scale (<f>TK&ap;</f> 500 K) there is a second low temperature scale (<f>Tcoh&ap;</f> 50 K) for the onset of coherence. We discuss these results in the context of the Anderson lattice in the limit of low conduction electron density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMI liquids
KW  - ANDERSON model
KW  - Anderson lattice
KW  - Exhaustion
KW  - Intermediate valence
N1  - Accession Number: 7793469; Lawrence, J.M. 1; Email Address: jmlawren@uci.edu Ebihara, T. 2 Riseborough, P.S. 3 Booth, C.H. 4 Pagliuso, P.G. 5 Sarrao, J.L. 5 Thompson, J.D. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA  2: Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan  3: Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p324; Subject Term: FERMI liquids; Subject Term: ANDERSON model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anderson lattice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exhaustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermediate valence; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uchida, Ahimusa
AU  - Kosaka, Masashi
AU  - Mori, Nobuo
AU  - Matsumoto, Takehiko
AU  - Uwatoko, Yoshiya
AU  - Sarrao, John L.
AU  - Thompson, Joe D.
T1  - Effect of pressure on the electrical resistivity of a single crystal of YbInCu4
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Temperature-dependent electrical resistivity measurements have been performed on single-crystalline YbInCu4 under hydrostatic pressures to <f>P=3.3</f> GPa. Its valence phase-transition temperature <f>TV</f> decreases linearly at a rate of −2.0 K/GPa with increasing pressure to 1.0 GPa, as found previously. Above 1.0 GPA, however, <f>TV</f> decreases more gradually and is depressed to below 1.5 K at 2.5 GPa. Experimental results suggest that the hybridization between 4f- and conduction-band electrons is reduced with increasing pressure and that the semi-metallic state (<f>T>TV</f>) is favored over the metallic state (<f>T<TV</f>) at high pressures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Valence fluctuation
KW  - YbInCu4
N1  - Accession Number: 7793475; Uchida, Ahimusa 1 Kosaka, Masashi 1 Mori, Nobuo 1 Matsumoto, Takehiko 2 Uwatoko, Yoshiya 3; Email Address: uwatoko@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp Sarrao, John L. 4 Thompson, Joe D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Saitama University, Urawa 338-8570, Japan  2: National Research Institute for Metal, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan  3: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 8745, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p339; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Valence fluctuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: YbInCu4; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Očko, M.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Study of the YbxY1−xInCu4 alloy system
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 341
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We report preliminary results of investigations of the YbxY1−xInCu4 alloy system. The valence transition is detected for <f>x>0.85</f> by thermopower as well as by resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements. For these concentrations in the high-T phase as well for <f>x<0.85</f> at all temperatures, the susceptibility shows Curie–Weiss behavior. We compare and discuss our experimental results with available theories for a description of the high temperature phase of YbInCu4. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - Dc-susceptibility
KW  - Transport properties
KW  - YbxY1−xInCu4
N1  - Accession Number: 7793476; Očko, M. 1; Email Address: ocko@ifs.hr Sarrao, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, p.p.304, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K 764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p341; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dc-susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: YbxY1−xInCu4; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaime, Marcelo
AU  - Movshovich, Roman
AU  - Harrison, Neil
AU  - L. Sarrao, John
T1  - Two energy scales in <f>YbInCu4</f> from specific heat in high magnetic fields
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 344
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Metallic <f>YbInCu4</f> undergoes a first-order valence transition at <f>42 K</f>, where the specific volume increases by 0.5% upon cooling. It is believed that the valence transition is driven by band structure effects that help quench Yb localized moments via a Kondo mechanism. The known phase diagram indicates that the transition can be suppressed with external magnetic fields. We used an adiabatic calorimeter to measure the specific heat in the high-field phase of the material. Data obtained in magnetic fields up to <f>50 T</f> show an enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient and anomalies in the specific heat that are compatible with a much depressed Kondo temperature. Our data indicate quite different energy scales in the low-field and high-field phases of <f>YbInCu4</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - High magnetic fields
KW  - Mixed valence
KW  - Specific heat
N1  - Accession Number: 7793477; Jaime, Marcelo; Email Address: mjaime@lanl.gov Movshovich, Roman 1 Harrison, Neil 1 L. Sarrao, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p344; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: High magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed valence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jung, Myung-Hwa
AU  - Lawrence, Jon M.
AU  - Ebihara, Takao
AU  - Hundley, Michael F.
AU  - Lacerda, Alex H.
T1  - Hall effect and magnetoresistance of YbAl3
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 354
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have recently grown high-quality single crystals of YbAl3 with a large residual resistivity ratio (∼60). This paper will report on the temperature dependence of the Hall coefficient and the magnetoresistance in the longitudinal and transverse configurations (<f>B&par;I</f> and <f>B⊥I</f>, respectively). The derivative of the Hall coefficient changes sign at around 50 K, below which the magnetic susceptibility starts to increase and the specific-heat coefficient shows a rapid drop. The magnetoresistance data reveal a different field dependence below and above 50 K: at <f>T>50</f> K, the magnetoresistance varies with the square of magnetic field but changes to a different power-law behavior at lower temperature. We suggest that in YbAl3 there is a low-temperature scale for the onset of coherence at <f>T*=50</f> K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HALL effect
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - Hall coefficient
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - YbAl3
N1  - Accession Number: 7793481; Jung, Myung-Hwa 1; Email Address: mhjung@lanl.gov Lawrence, Jon M. 2 Ebihara, Takao 3 Hundley, Michael F. 4 Lacerda, Alex H. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA  3: Department of Physics, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan  4: Materials Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p354; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HALL effect; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hall coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: YbAl3; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antonov, V.N.
AU  - Harmon, B.N.
AU  - Yaresko, A.N.
T1  - The electronic structure of Tm monochalcogenides
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The electronic structure of Tm monochalcogenides is investigated with the local spin-density approximation (LSDA), as well as with the <f>LSDA+U</f> approach. <f>LSDA+U</f> calculations produce the energy band structure in TmS and TmSe, with twelve 4f bands fully occupied and hybridized with chalcogenide p states. The 14th f hole level was found to be completely unoccupied and well above the Fermi level and a hole 13th f level is partly occupied and pinned at the Fermi level. Such an energy band structure of thulium monochalcogenides describes well their measured BIS, XPS and UPS spectra as well as the optical and MO spectra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - MAGNETOOPTICS
KW  - Elctronic structure
KW  - Magneto-optical spectra
KW  - Strongly correlated systems
N1  - Accession Number: 7793489; Antonov, V.N. 1 Harmon, B.N. 1 Yaresko, A.N. 2; Email Address: yaresko@cpfs.mpg.de; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: MPI CPFS, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, D-01187 Dresden, Germany; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p373; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: MAGNETOOPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elctronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-optical spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strongly correlated systems; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Booth, C.H.
AU  - Bauer, E.D.
AU  - Maple, M.B.
AU  - Chau, R.
AU  - Kwei, G.H.
T1  - Pd/Cu site interchange in UCu<f>5−x</f>Pd<f>x</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 408
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Although Pd/Cu site interchange in the non-Fermi liquid (NFL) material UCu<f>4</f>Pd has been observed, the relationship between this disorder and the NFL behavior remains unclear. In order to better compare to the UCu<f>5−x</f>Pd<f>x</f> phase diagram, we report results from Pd K edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) experiments on this series (<f>x=0.3–1.5</f>) that determine the fraction of Pd atoms on the nominally Cu (16<f>e</f>) sites, <f>s</f>. We find that for these unannealed samples, <f>s</f> is at least 17% for all the samples measured, even for <f>x<1.0</f>, although it does climb monotonically beyond its minimum at <f>x=0.7</f>. These data are compared to changes in the lattice parameter as a function of <f>x</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMI liquids
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - Lattice disorder
KW  - Non-Fermi liquid
KW  - XAFS
N1  - Accession Number: 7793502; Booth, C.H. 1; Email Address: chbooth@lbl.gov Bauer, E.D. 2 Maple, M.B. 2 Chau, R. 3 Kwei, G.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 70A-1150, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p408; Subject Term: FERMI liquids; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-Fermi liquid; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAFS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacLaughlin, D.E.
AU  - Heffner, R.H.
AU  - Bernal, O.O.
AU  - Nieuwenhuys, G.J.
AU  - Sonier, J.E.
AU  - Rose, M.S.
AU  - Chau, R.
AU  - Maple, M.B.
AU  - Andraka, B.
T1  - Slow spin dynamics in non-fermi-liquid UCu<f>5−x</f>Pd<f>x</f>, <f>x=1.0</f> and 1.5
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Low-temperature muon spin-lattice relaxation measurements in the non-Fermi-liquid heavy-fermion alloys UCu<f>5−x</f>Pd<f>x</f>, <f>x=1.0</f> and 1.5, indicate inhomogeneously distributed f-electron spin fluctuation rates, and exhibit a time-field scaling of the muon relaxation function indicative of long-lived spin correlations. In UCu<f>4</f>Pd the scaling exponent <f>γ</f> is small and temperature independent. In UCu<f>3.5</f>Pd<f>1.5</f> <f>γ</f> varies with temperature, increasing with decreasing temperature similar to spin-glass AgMn. This suggests that the spin-glass state found for <f>x&gsim;2</f> in UCu<f>5−x</f>Pd<f>x</f> modifies the low-frequency spin dynamics in UCu<f>3.5</f>Pd<f>1.5</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMI liquids
KW  - MUON spin rotation
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - <f>μ</f>SR
KW  - Non-Fermi-liquids
KW  - Spin dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 7793521; MacLaughlin, D.E. 1; Email Address: douglas.maclaughlin@ucr.edu Heffner, R.H. 2 Bernal, O.O. 3 Nieuwenhuys, G.J. 4 Sonier, J.E. 2 Rose, M.S. 1 Chau, R. 5 Maple, M.B. 5 Andraka, B. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA  4: Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands  5: University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  6: University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p453; Subject Term: FERMI liquids; Subject Term: MUON spin rotation; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>μ</f>SR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-Fermi-liquids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin dynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fehske, H.
AU  - Wellein, G.
AU  - Weiße, A.
AU  - Göhmann, F.
AU  - Büttner, H.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Peierls-insulator Mott-insulator transition in 1D
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 562
SN  - 09214526
AB  - In an attempt to clarify the nature of the crossover from a Peierls band insulator to a Mott Hubbard insulator, we analyze ground-state and spectral properties of the one-dimensional half-filled Holstein–Hubbard model using exact diagonalization techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - HUBBARD model
KW  - Electron–phonon systems
KW  - Mott insulator
KW  - Peierls insulator
N1  - Accession Number: 7793563; Fehske, H. 1; Email Address: holger.fehske@uni-bayreuth.de Wellein, G. 2 Weiße, A. 1 Göhmann, F. 1 Büttner, H. 1 Bishop, A.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physikalisches Institut, Universtät Bayreuth, Theoretische Physik I, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany  2: RRZE, Universität Erlangen, 91058 Erlangen, Germany  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p562; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Subject Term: HUBBARD model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–phonon systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mott insulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peierls insulator; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chernyshev, A.L.
AU  - White, Steven R.
AU  - Neto, A.H. Castro
T1  - Charge stripe in an antiferromagnet: 1d band of composite excitations
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
SN  - 09214526
AB  - With the help of analytical and numerical studies of the <f>t</f>–<f>Jz</f> model we argue that the charge stripe in an antiferromagnetic insulator should be understood as a system of holon–spin–polaron excitations condensed at the self-induced antiphase domain wall. The structure of such a charge excitation is studied in detail with numerical and analytical results for various quantities being in a very close agreement. An analytical picture of these excitations occupying an effective 1D stripe band is also in a very good accord with numerical data. The emerging concept advocates the primary role of the kinetic energy in favoring the stripe as a ground state. A comparative analysis suggests the effect of pairing and collective meandering on the energetics of the stripe formation to be secondary. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - <f>t</f>–<f>J</f> model
KW  - Holon
KW  - Stripe
N1  - Accession Number: 7793565; Chernyshev, A.L. 1; Email Address: sasha@solid.ssd.ornl.gov White, Steven R. 2 Neto, A.H. Castro 3; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6032, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA  3: Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p566; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>t</f>–<f>J</f> model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripe; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gweon, G.-H.
AU  - Denlinger, J.D.
AU  - Olson, C.G.
AU  - Höchst, H.
AU  - Marcus, J.
AU  - Schlenker, C.
T1  - Photoemission view of electron fractionalization in quasi-one-dimensional metal Li<f>0.9</f>Mo<f>6</f>O<f>17</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 584
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We report Luttinger liquid line shapes better revealed by new angle resolved photoemission data taken with a much improved angle resolution on a quasi-one-dimensional metal Li<f>0.9</f>Mo<f>6</f>O<f>17</f>. The new data indicate a larger spinon velocity than our previous lower resolution data indicated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - CHARGE density waves
KW  - Angle resolved photoemission
KW  - Charge density wave
KW  - Luttinger liquid
N1  - Accession Number: 7793570; Gweon, G.-H. 1; Email Address: gweon@umich.edu Denlinger, J.D. 2 Olson, C.G. 3 Höchst, H. 4 Marcus, J. 5 Schlenker, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Randall Laboratory of Physics, University of Michigan, 500 E. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  4: Synchrotron Radiation Center, University of Wisconsin, Stoughton, WI 53589, USA  5: LEPES – CNRS, BP166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex, France; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p584; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: CHARGE density waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle resolved photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge density wave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Luttinger liquid; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, A.J.
AU  - Averitt, R.D.
AU  - Demsar, J.
AU  - Lobad, A.I.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Trugman, S.A.
T1  - Femtosecond studies of mixed valence state formation in strongly correlated electron materials
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 640
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We present the results of our ultrafast optical experiments on mixed-valence manganites <f>La0.7X0.3MnO3 (X=Ca, Sr)</f> and the heavy-fermion compounds <f>YbXCu4 (X=Ag, In)</f>. For the manganites, <f>1.5 eV</f> pump and either optical or terahertz probe reveals a dynamic spectral weight transfer that, as a function of temperature, allows us to determine the spin–lattice relaxation time. For <f>YbXCu4</f>, pump–probe measurements at <f>1.5 eV</f> are shown to be sensitive to the onset of coherence. These results are discussed in terms of a simple hybridization gap model for the f and s electrons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - Heavy-fermion
KW  - Manganite
KW  - Mixed-valence
KW  - Terahertz
KW  - Ultrafast
N1  - Accession Number: 7793593; Taylor, A.J. 1; Email Address: ttaylor@lanl.gov Averitt, R.D. 1 Demsar, J. 1 Lobad, A.I. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 1 Trugman, S.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MTS-10, Condensed Matter & Thermal Physics, MSK764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Kirtland AFB-DELS, Albuquerque, NM 87117, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p640; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed-valence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terahertz; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafast; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schäfer, J.
AU  - Rotenberg, Eli
AU  - Kevan, S.D.
AU  - Blaha, P.
AU  - Claessen, R.
AU  - Thorne, R.E.
T1  - Electronic precursor states of the charge density wave in NbSe3
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 650
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The electron bands of the Peierls compound NbSe3 are mapped with angle-resolved photoemission. Data of the Fermi level crossings show the nesting condition responsible for the charge density wave along the one-dimensional axis. The instability with periodicity q=0.44 A˚−1 induces a remnant backfolding of the electron bands in the nominally metallic state high above the critical temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE density waves
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - Charge density wave
KW  - Fluctuations
KW  - Photoemission
N1  - Accession Number: 7793595; Schäfer, J. 1; Email Address: joerg.schaefer@physik.uni-augsburg.de Rotenberg, Eli 2 Kevan, S.D. 3 Blaha, P. 4 Claessen, R. 1 Thorne, R.E. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Experimentalphysik II, Universität Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA  4: Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Wien, Austria  5: Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p650; Subject Term: CHARGE density waves; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge density wave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Denlinger, J.D.
AU  - Gweon, G.-H.
AU  - Allen, J.W.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Temperature dependent 5f-states in <f>URu2Si2</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 655
SN  - 09214526
AB  - A dramatic temperature-dependent enhancement of U 5f spectral weight at <f>EF</f> is observed in angle-resolved photoemission measurements of <f>URu2Si2</f> at the center of an X-point hole-pocket. Comparison of this temperature-dependent behavior for excitation both at and below the U <f>5d→5f</f> resonant threshold is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - 5f states
KW  - <f>URu2Si2</f>
KW  - Temperature dependence
N1  - Accession Number: 7793597; Denlinger, J.D. 1; Email Address: JDDenlinger@lbl.gov Gweon, G.-H. 2 Allen, J.W. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Natl. Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Randall Laboratory of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p655; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5f states; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>URu2Si2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature dependence; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumigashira, H.
AU  - Ito, T.
AU  - Takahashi, T.
AU  - Kaminski, A.
AU  - Campuzano, J.C.
AU  - Ōnuki, Y.
T1  - Resonant angle-resolved photoemission study of heavy fermion material <f>CeRu2Si2</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 658
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Resonant angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy has been performed on a heavy fermion material <f>CeRu2Si2</f> at the 4d–4f core threshold. The angle-resolved photoemission spectra display a sharp peak at <f>EF</f> which shows a remarkable intensity variation as a function of momentum, suggesting an energy dispersion of the Kondo resonance state above <f>EF</f>. On increasing temperature, the peak intensity is rapidly suppressed, while it persists up to a temperature much higher than the Kondo temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - <f>CeRu2Si2</f>
KW  - Heavy fermion
KW  - Photoemission
N1  - Accession Number: 7793598; Kumigashira, H. 1; Email Address: h.kumi@arpes.phys.tohoku.ac.jp Ito, T. 1 Takahashi, T. 1 Kaminski, A. 2 Campuzano, J.C. 2,3 Ōnuki, Y. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60680, USA  3: Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan  5: Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p658; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>CeRu2Si2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mo, S.-K.
AU  - Gweon, G.-H.
AU  - Denlinger, J.D.
AU  - Kim, H.-D.
AU  - Allen, J.W.
AU  - Olson, C.G.
AU  - Höchst, H.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
T1  - ARPES study of X-point band overlaps in <f>LaB6</f> and <f>SmB6</f> — contrast to <f>SrB6</f> and <f>EuB6</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 668
SN  - 09214526
AB  - In contrast to our recent finding of an X-point band gap in divalent hexaborides, we report here that angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy data show that the gap is absent for trivalent <f>LaB6</f> and is absent or nearly so for mixed valent <f>SmB6</f>. This finding demonstrates a nontrivial evolution of the band structure from divalent to trivalent hexaborides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - Angle resolved photoemission
KW  - Energy gap
KW  - Hexaboride
N1  - Accession Number: 7793602; Mo, S.-K. 1 Gweon, G.-H. 1; Email Address: gweon@umich.edu Denlinger, J.D. 2 Kim, H.-D. 1 Allen, J.W. 1 Olson, C.G. 3 Höchst, H. 4 Sarrao, J.L. 5 Fisk, Z. 6; Affiliation:  1: Randall Laboratory of Physics, University of Michigan, 2477 Randall Laboratory of Physics, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA  4: Synchrotron Radiation Center, University of Wisconsin, Stoughton, WI 53589, USA  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  6: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p668; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle resolved photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy gap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hexaboride; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Denlinger, J.D.
AU  - Gweon, G.-H.
AU  - Allen, J.W.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Possibility of minimal surface contributions to low photon energy angle-resolved photoemission of <f>CeRu2Si2</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 670
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Surface-related effects in angle-resolved valence spectra of <f>CeRu2Si2</f> at the <f>Ce 4d→5f</f> resonance threshold for different cleaved surfaces are presented and compared to angle-integrated valence spectra and to bulk-sensitive Ce 3d-edge valence spectra. Evidence that Ce 4d-edge photoemission spectroscopy on ideal cleaved surfaces is dominated by bulk Ce 4f states is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - <f>CeRu2Si2</f>
KW  - Angle-resolved photoemission
KW  - Surface effects
N1  - Accession Number: 7793603; Denlinger, J.D. 1; Email Address: jddenlinger@lbl.gov Gweon, G.-H. 2 Allen, J.W. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Randall Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p670; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>CeRu2Si2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle-resolved photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface effects; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmidt, S.
AU  - Reinert, F.
AU  - Ehm, D.
AU  - Nicolay, G.
AU  - Trovarelli, O.
AU  - Booth, C.H.
AU  - Hauser, R.
AU  - Hüfner, S.
T1  - High-resolution photoemission spectroscopy on intermediate valent Yb-compounds: predictions of the Anderson impurity model
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 675
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have analyzed high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy data on the 4f spectral function of various intermediate valent Yb-systems. The photoemission results are internally consistent with the predictions of the single-impurity Anderson model, but reveal quantitative discrepancies compared to the results from bulk-sensitive measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YTTERBIUM
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - High-resolution photoemission
KW  - Intermediate valent
KW  - SIAM
KW  - Ytterbium
N1  - Accession Number: 7793605; Schmidt, S. 1; Email Address: sw.schmidt@mx.uni-saarland.de Reinert, F. 1 Ehm, D. 1 Nicolay, G. 1 Trovarelli, O. 2 Booth, C.H. 3 Hauser, R. 4 Hüfner, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Universität des Saarlandes, Experimentalphysik, Postfach 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany  2: Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, 01187 Dresden, Germany  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Institut für Experimentalphysik, Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Haupt-strasse 8-10, A-1040 Wien, Austria; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p675; Subject Term: YTTERBIUM; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-resolution photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermediate valent; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIAM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ytterbium; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hotta, Takashi
AU  - Dagotto, Elbio
T1  - Orbital ordering in manganites and ruthenates
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 700
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The crucial role of the orbital degree of freedom is discussed here in order to understand the complex spin and charge structures of transition metal oxides. For manganites, it is shown that diagonal charge stripes in the ferromagnetic phase are induced by the staggered orbital-ordered pattern, while for ruthenates, novel orbital ordering is found to exist in the G-type antiferromagnetic structure, with a hole arrangement as recently observed in X-ray experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TRANSITION metal oxides
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - Jahn–Teller distortion
KW  - Orbital ordering
KW  - Stripe
N1  - Accession Number: 7793615; Hotta, Takashi 1; Email Address: hotta@season.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Dagotto, Elbio 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p700; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal oxides; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jahn–Teller distortion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orbital ordering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripe; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenkranz, S.
AU  - Osborn, R.
AU  - Vasiliu-Doloc, L.
AU  - Lynn, J.W.
AU  - Sinha, S.K.
AU  - Mitchell, J.F.
T1  - Spin correlations and magnetoresistance in the bilayer manganite <f>La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have studied the magnetic correlations in the <f>x</f> = 40% hole doped bilayer manganite <f>La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7</f> using neutron scattering. The in-plane correlations obey standard two-dimensional scaling above <f>TC∼113 K</f> with a crossover towards three-dimensional critical behavior close to <f>TC</f>, consistent with quasi two-dimensional critical fluctuations. This suggests that conventional magnetism drives the phase transition while simultaneously destroying the charge correlations observed in the paramagnetic region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Manganites
KW  - Spin correlations
N1  - Accession Number: 7793640; Rosenkranz, S. 1,2; Email Address: sro@uic.edu Osborn, R. 1 Vasiliu-Doloc, L. 3,4 Lynn, J.W. 3 Sinha, S.K. 4 Mitchell, J.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA  3: NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST,Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA  4: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p763; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin correlations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahn, K.H.
AU  - Millis, A.J.
T1  - Effects of in-plane strain on orbital ordering and magnetism in <f>LaMnO3</f> thin film
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 766
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The effects of the in-plane strain on the orbital and magnetic properties of <f>LaMnO3</f> thin films are calculated using an elastic energy expression and a tight-binding Hamiltonian with electron–lattice coupling. Tensile uniaxial strain of the order of 2%, which is the order of magnitude of those induced in thin films by lattice mismatch with substrates, is found to change the orbital state and magnetic ground state significantly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - THIN films
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - Novel d-electron materials
KW  - Orbital ordering
KW  - Perovskite manganite
N1  - Accession Number: 7793641; Ahn, K.H. 1; Email Address: ahn@viking.lanl.gov Millis, A.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, T-11, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Center for Materials Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p766; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Novel d-electron materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orbital ordering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite manganite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rho, H.
AU  - Snow, C.S.
AU  - Cooper, S.L.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
AU  - Comment, A.
AU  - Ansermet, J-Ph.
T1  - The evolution of magnetic polarons in Eu<f>1−x</f>Gd<f>x</f>O: A light scattering study
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We present Raman scattering studies of Eu<f>1−x</f>Gd<f>x</f>O (<f>x=0</f>, 0.006, 0.035) that reveal a phase regime near <f>TC</f> characterized by the presence of a zero-field spin-flip Raman scattering response, which we associate with the development of magnetic polarons. We will describe the evolution and behavior of these magnetic polarons as functions of temperature, disorder, and Gd-concentration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - POLARONS
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - EuO
KW  - Magnetic polaron
KW  - Metal–insulator transition
KW  - Raman scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 7793644; Rho, H. 1; Email Address: rho@mrl.uiuc.edu Snow, C.S. 1 Cooper, S.L. 1 Fisk, Z. 2 Comment, A. 1,3 Ansermet, J-Ph. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Talahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p775; Subject Term: POLARONS; Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: EuO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic polaron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–insulator transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman scattering; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fisk, Z.
AU  - Ott, H. R.
AU  - Barzykin, V.
AU  - Gor’kov, L.P.
T1  - The emerging picture of ferromagnetism in the divalent hexaborides
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 808
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Experiment suggests that the divalent hexaborides are semiconductors and their ferromagnetism is due to a small concentration of intrinsic defects. The physics of these ferromagnets is put into perspective with recent observations implying ferromagnetic order in Mn-doped GaAs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Ferromagnetism
KW  - Hexaboride
N1  - Accession Number: 7793658; Fisk, Z. 1,2; Email Address: fisk@magnet.fsu.edu Ott, H. R. 3 Barzykin, V. 1 Gor’kov, L.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  3: Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p808; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hexaboride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakotte, H.
AU  - Robinson, R.A.
AU  - Kelley, T.M.
AU  - Chang, S.
AU  - Swan-Wood, T.
AU  - Brück, E.
T1  - Inelastic neutron scattering studies on UNiGe
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 875
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We measured the inelastic neutron scattering response of UNiGe at various temperatures using incident beam energies of 25 and 100 meV. Below <f>TN=50</f> K, there is evidence for the formation of a gap as indicated by reduced scattering close to the elastic peak. Furthermore, we find an excitation around 30 meV in addition to the phonon background for temperatures below 130 K. The results are discussed in terms of spin waves with formation of a gap in the excitation spectrum below <f>TN</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - URANIUM compounds
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Spin waves
KW  - Uranium compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 7793685; Nakotte, H. 1,2; Email Address: hnakotte@nmsu.edu Robinson, R.A. 2 Kelley, T.M. 2,3 Chang, S. 1 Swan-Wood, T. 2 Brück, E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department MSC3D, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  2: LANSCE-12, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  4: Van der Waals-Zeeman Instituut, Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1018 XE Amsterdam, Netherlands; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p875; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: SPIN waves; Subject Term: URANIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, S.
AU  - Mielke, C.H.
AU  - Bennett, M.
AU  - Brück, E.
AU  - Nakotte, H.
T1  - Complex conductivity of UNiGe in high magnetic fields
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 877
SN  - 09214526
AB  - UNiGe exhibits two antiferromagnetic transitions at 42 and 50 K in zero field. Previous transport and magnetic measurements revealed metamagnetic transitions for magnetic fields applied along the b- (17 and 25 T) or c-axis (4 and 10 T). These metamagnetic transitions are accompanied by sharp changes in the magnetoresistance. For the present work, we have performed RF skin depth measurements of UNiGe in applied magnetic fields up to 50 T. This technique is relatively new, as applied to metallic samples but is a useful probe of magnetotransport since the skin depth can be simply related to the magnetoresistance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - Metamagnetic transitions
KW  - RF skin depth
KW  - Uranium intermetallics
N1  - Accession Number: 7793686; Chang, S. 1,2; Email Address: schang@lanl.gov Mielke, C.H. 3 Bennett, M. 3 Brück, E. 4 Nakotte, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, MSC 3D, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MTS-10, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Pulsed Field Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Van der Waals-Zeeman Instituut, Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1018 XE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p877; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metamagnetic transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF skin depth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium intermetallics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, J.-S.
AU  - Park, J.-G.
AU  - McEwen, K.A.
AU  - Ōnuki, Y.
AU  - Olson, C.G.
AU  - Min, B.I.
T1  - Photoemission study of f-electron Heusler compound: UNiSn
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 882
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Using photoemission spectroscopy (PES), we have investigated the electronic structure of UNiSn. The U 5f spectrum of UNiSn shows a broad peak centered at <f>&ap;0.3</f> eV BE, suggesting that the hybridization matrix element between the f-electron orbitals and the very low Ni 3d DOS at <f>EF</f> is important. The high-resolution PES spectrum of UNiSn is described well by a V-shaped metallic DOS near <f>EF</f>, implying the reduced 5f DOS at <f>EF</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - CeNiSn
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Heusler
KW  - Photoemission
KW  - UNiSn
N1  - Accession Number: 7793688; Kang, J.-S. 1; Email Address: jskang@www.cuk.ac.kr Park, J.-G. 2 McEwen, K.A. 3 Ōnuki, Y. 4 Olson, C.G. 5 Min, B.I. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea, Puchon, 420-743, South Korea  2: Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, South Korea  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK  4: Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560, Japan  5: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA  6: Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, South Korea; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p882; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeNiSn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heusler; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: UNiSn; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dodge, J.S.
AU  - Schumacher, A.B.
AU  - Lövenich, R.
AU  - Carnahan, M.A.
AU  - Kaindl, R.A.
AU  - Miller, L.L.
AU  - Chemla, D.S.
T1  - Linear and nonlinear optics of <f>Sr2CuO2Cl2</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 312-313
M3  - Article
SP  - 909
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We present evidence from both linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopy for the existence of distinct exciton types at the charge-transfer gap of <f>Sr2CuO2Cl2</f>, which are linked by strong, phonon-mediated coupling. We show how several basic optical properties of this material depend on these excitations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Charge-transfer insulators
KW  - Nonlinear optical spectroscopy
KW  - Optical spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7793699; Dodge, J.S. 1,2,3; Email Address: jsdodge@sfu.ca Schumacher, A.B. 2,3 Lövenich, R. 2,3 Carnahan, M.A. 2,3 Kaindl, R.A. 2,3 Miller, L.L. 4 Chemla, D.S. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6  2: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Materials Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 312-313, p909; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge-transfer insulators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear optical spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraus Jr., R.H.
AU  - Volegov, P.
AU  - Maharajh, K.
AU  - Espy, M.A.
AU  - Matlashov, A.N.
AU  - Flynn, E.R.
T1  - <atl>Performance of a novel SQUID-based superconducting imaging-surface magnetoencephalography system
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 368
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Performance for a recently completed whole-head magnetoencephalography system using a superconducting imaging surface (SIS) surrounding an array of 150 SQUID magnetometers is reported. The helmet-like SIS is hemispherical in shape with a brim. Conceptually, the SIS images nearby sources onto the SQUIDs while shielding sensors from distant “noise” sources. A finite element method (FEM) description using the as-built geometry was developed to describe the SIS effect on source fields by imposing <f>B⊥(surface)=0</f>. Sensors consist of <f>8×8</f> mm<f>2</f> SQUID magnetometers with 0.84 nT/<f>Φ0</f> sensitivity and <f><</f>3 fT/<f>√ of <RCD><rm>Hz</rm></RCD></f> noise. A series of phantom experiments to verify system efficacy have been completed. Simple dry-wire phantoms were used to eliminate model dependence from our results. Phantom coils were distributed throughout the volume encompassed by the array with a variety of orientations. Each phantom coil was precisely machined and located to better than 25 <f>μ</f>m and 10 mRad accuracy. Excellent agreement between model-calculated and measured magnetic field distributions of all phantom coil positions and orientations was found. Good agreement was found between modeled and measured shielding of the SQUIDs from sources external to the array showing significant frequency-independent shielding. Phantom localization precision was better than 0.5 mm at all locations with a mean of better than 0.3 mm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY
KW  - MAGNETOMETERS
KW  - Magnetoencephalography
KW  - Source localization
KW  - SQUID array
N1  - Accession Number: 7753919; Kraus Jr., R.H. 1; Email Address: rkraus@lanl.gov Volegov, P. 2 Maharajh, K. 2 Espy, M.A. 1 Matlashov, A.N. 1 Flynn, E.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D454 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87201, USA  3: Senior Scientific, Albuquerque NM 87201, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 368 Issue 1-4, p18; Subject Term: MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MAGNETOMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoencephalography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source localization; Author-Supplied Keyword: SQUID array; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Espy, M.A.
AU  - Matlashov, A.N.
AU  - Kraus Jr., R.H.
AU  - Balakirev, F.
AU  - Betts, J.
T1  - <atl>The temperature dependence of SQUID noise at temperatures below 4 K
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 368
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The temperature dependence of SQUID noise was tested over a temperature range from 0.3–4 K. A SQUID-based picovoltmeter at 4–5 K was used to read out the signal from the SQUID being investigated at the lower temperature. This method reduces noise contributions from cables and electronics. The data were taken in support of a physics experiment which will use SQUIDs to measure the precession frequency of spin polarized <f>3</f>He, acting as a comagnetometer with spin polarized ultra-cold neutrons (UCN). The aim of the experiment is to measure the neutron electric dipole moment to <f>4×10−28</f>e cm. A high signal-to-noise for the SQUID-based precession frequency measurement is needed to attain this goal. The <f>3</f>He and UCN will be in a bath at temperatures <f><</f>0.5 K. The noise performance of the SQUIDs at these temperatures must be well understood before the experiment. The noise performance of the picovoltmeter system was also compared to that of a conventionally operated SQUID at the same temperature and location on the test probe. The results of the noise studies as a function of temperature are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - VOLTMETERS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices
KW  - NOISE
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - Electric dipole moment
KW  - Low temperature
KW  - Picovoltmeter
KW  - SQUID noise
N1  - Accession Number: 7753950; Espy, M.A. 1; Email Address: espy@lanl.gov Matlashov, A.N. 1 Kraus Jr., R.H. 1 Balakirev, F. 2 Betts, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D454 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D454 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 368 Issue 1-4, p185; Subject Term: VOLTMETERS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric dipole moment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Picovoltmeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: SQUID noise; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Magri, Rita
AU  - Zunger, Alex
T1  - Segregation effects on the optical properties of (InAs)/(GaSb) superlattices
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We combine a kinetic model of MBE growth with the empirical pseudopotential band structure method to study the effects of interfacial disorder and segregation on the optical properties of InAs/GaSb superlattices. We fit the layer-by-layer growth model to the observed STM segregated profiles, extracting surface-to-subsurface atomic exchange energies. These are then used to obtain a detailed simulated model of segregated InAs/GaSb superlattices with atomic resolution. The application of the pseudopotential calculations to such structures reveals remarkable electronic consequences of segregation, including a blue shift of band gap with increasing sample growth temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - Band structure calculations
KW  - Optical properties
KW  - Superlattices
N1  - Accession Number: 7828171; Magri, Rita 1; Email Address: magri@unimo.it Zunger, Alex 2; Affiliation:  1: INFM e Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Vis Campi 213/A, 41100 Modena, Italy  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 13 Issue 2-4, p325; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superlattices; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skierbiszewski, 29/37</f>, 01-142 Warszawa, Poland
AU  - Lepkowski, 29/37</f>, 01-142 Warszawa, Poland##Faculty of Mathematics, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Poland
AU  - Perlin, 29/37</f>, 01-142 Warszawa, Poland
AU  - Suski, 29/37</f>, 01-142 Warszawa, Poland
AU  - Jantsch, W.
AU  - Geisz, J.
T1  - Effective mass and conduction band dispersion of GaAsN/GaAs quantum wells
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1078
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Recently published results for the effective mass in GaAsN/GaAs quantum wells reach values as large as <f>0.5m0</f> for 1% N in the quantum well and then a decrease with increasing nitrogen content. The effective mass was obtained by fitting experimentally measured optical transitions energies with calculated ones using a parabolic band model. In this work we arrive at different conclusions. First, we prove experimentally that the parabolic band approximation is insufficient for the case of InGaAsN and GaAsN alloys. Then we show that by taking into account the strong nonparabolicity of the conduction band, we obtain an effective mass in GaAsN/GaAs quantum wells increasing from <f>0.095m0</f> to <f>0.115m0</f> for a nitrogen content varying from 1% to 3%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - EFFECTIVE mass (Physics)
KW  - Band anti-crossing model
KW  - Effective mass
KW  - GaAsN
KW  - Quantum wells
N1  - Accession Number: 7828363; Skierbiszewski, 29/37</f>, 01-142 Warszawa, Poland 1; Email Address: czeslaw@unipress.waw.pl Lepkowski, 29/37</f>, 01-142 Warszawa, Poland##Faculty of Mathematics, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Poland 1 Perlin, 29/37</f>, 01-142 Warszawa, Poland 1 Suski, 29/37</f>, 01-142 Warszawa, Poland 1 Jantsch, W. 2 Geisz, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: High Pressure Research Center Unipress, Sokolowska  2: Institut für Halbleiterphysik, Johannes-Kepler-Universität, A-4040 Linz, Austria  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 13 Issue 2-4, p1078; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: EFFECTIVE mass (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Band anti-crossing model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effective mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAsN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum wells; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunderson, C. A
AU  - Sholtis, J. D
AU  - Wullschleger, S. D
AU  - Tissue, D. T
AU  - Hanson, P. J
AU  - Norby, R. J
T1  - Environmental and stomatal control of photosynthetic enhancement in the canopy of a sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) plantation during 3 years of CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 393
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Abstract Light-saturated photosynthetic and stomatal responses to elevated CO2 were measured in upper and mid-canopy foliage of a sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L) plantation exposed to free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) for 3 years, to characterize environmental interactions with the sustained CO2 effects in an intact deciduous forest stand. Responses were evaluated in relation to one another, and to seasonal patterns and natural environmental stresses, including high temperatures, vapour pressure deficits (VPD ), and drought. Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (A ) averaged 46% higher in the +200 µ mol mol-1 CO2 treatment, in mid- and upper canopy foliage. Stomatal conductance (g s ) averaged 14% (mid-canopy) and 24% (upper canopy) lower under CO2 enrichment. Variations in the relative responses of A and g s were linked, such that greater relative stimulation of A was observed on dates when relative reductions in g s were slight. Dry soils and high VPD reduced g s and A in both treatments, and tended to diminish treatment differences. The absolute effects of CO2 on A and g s were minimized whenever gs was low (<0·15 mol m-2 s-1 ), but relative effects, as the ratio of elevated to ambient rates, varied greatly under those conditions. Both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations of A were involved during late season droughts. Leaf temperature had a limited influence on A and g s , and there was no detectable relationship between prevailing temperature and CO2 effects on A or g s . The responsiveness of A and g s to elevated CO2 , both absolute and relative, was maintained through time and within the canopy of this forest stand, subject to seasonal constraints and variability associated with limiting air and soil moisture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - STOMATA
KW  - MYRICA
KW  - drought
KW  - elevated CO
KW  - free-air CO
KW  - Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum)
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - stomatal conductance
KW  - temperature
KW  - trees
KW  - vapour pressure deficit
N1  - Accession Number: 6300717; Gunderson, C. A 1 Sholtis, J. D 2 Wullschleger, S. D 1 Tissue, D. T 2 Hanson, P. J 1 Norby, R. J 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 1059, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, and  2: Department of Biology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p379; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: STOMATA; Subject Term: MYRICA; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum); Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: vapour pressure deficit; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00816.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tiquia, Sonia M.
AU  - Tam, Nora F.Y.
T1  - Characterization and composting of poultry litter in forced-aeration piles
JO  - Process Biochemistry
JF  - Process Biochemistry
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 869
SN  - 13595113
AB  - The environmental problems associated with raw poultry manure application could be mitigated by stabilizing its nutrient and organic matter (OM) contents by composting before application to agricultural soils. In the present study, quantitative changes in physical, chemical, and microbial properties of poultry litter (a mixture of poultry manure, wood shavings, waste feed, and feathers) were studied in order to understand the composting process and evaluate the suitability of the composted product as a soil amendment. The poultry litter was composted in forced-aeration piles. Results of this study showed that the poultry litter went through physico-chemical and microbial changes similar to other composting systems, including changes like self-heating of the compost mass, relative increases in total Cu, Zn, P, K, and <f>NOx−-N</f> and decreases in microbial population numbers, C, OM, and extractable C, Cu, Zn, and <f>NH4+-N</f> contents. Despite differences in thermophilic temperatures at different locations of the forced-aeration piles, temperatures in these locations reached ambient level almost at the same time by day 128, indicating that the poultry litter was becoming stable. Nitrogen loss was a major problem during composting of poultry litter, even when the piles were not turned under the forced-aeration system. About 18 kg of the initial N (58% of the initial N) was lost during composting, which indicates that composting reduced the value of the poultry litter as N fertilizer. However, the composted litter contained a more humified (stabilized) OM compared with the uncomposted litter, which could enhance its value as a soil conditioner. In conclusion, composting of poultry litter converted the soluble nutrients to more stable organic forms, thereby reducing their bioavailability and susceptibility to loss when applied to crop fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Process Biochemistry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOST
KW  - NITROGEN in soils
KW  - Animal manure
KW  - Compost maturity
KW  - Composts
KW  - Forced-aeration
KW  - N loss
N1  - Accession Number: 7741401; Tiquia, Sonia M. 1; Email Address: tiquia@ornl.gov Tam, Nora F.Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Science Division, Oak ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  2: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p869; Subject Term: COMPOST; Subject Term: NITROGEN in soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Animal manure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compost maturity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forced-aeration; Author-Supplied Keyword: N loss; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562219 Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325314 Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berejka, Anthony J.
AU  - Eberle, Cliff
T1  - Electron beam curing of composites in North America
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 63
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 551
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Electron beam curing of fiber-reinforced composites was explored over 30 years ago. Since then there have been developments in accelerator technology, in processes for handling materials presented to an accelerator, and in materials that can be used as matrix binders. In recent years in North America, Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs) have been formed involving collaboration amongst materials suppliers, accelerator manufacturers and service providers, national laboratories, such as Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and interested potential users. The scope and status of these CRADAs are reviewed along with other recent developments in the electron beam curing of composites in North America. Innovative and proprietary materials technology has been developed and progress made toward implementing commercial practice. Significant market interest has developed in the military/aerospace industries that are finding the process and performance of electron beam cured composites to offer significant benefits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beam curing
KW  - FIBER-reinforced ceramics
N1  - Accession Number: 7764251; Berejka, Anthony J. 1; Email Address: berejka@msn.com Eberle, Cliff 2; Affiliation:  1: Ionicorp+, 4 Watch Way, Huntington, New York 11743, USA  2: Composite Materials Technology Development Manager, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2009, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8048, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 63 Issue 3-6, p551; Subject Term: ELECTRON beam curing; Subject Term: FIBER-reinforced ceramics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murphy, M.K.
AU  - Miller, S.D.
AU  - Kovács, A.
AU  - McLaughlin, W.L.
AU  - Slezsák, I.
T1  - Characterization of a new photo-fluorescent film dosimeter for high-radiation dose applications
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 63
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 751
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Characterization studies on one of the first versions of the Sunna fluorescent dosimeter™ have been published by Kova´cs and McLaughlin. This present study describes testing results of a newer version of the dosimeter (Model <f>γ</f>, batch 0399-20). This dosimeter is a 1-cm×3-cm polymeric film of 0.5 mm thickness that emits a green fluorescence component at intensities almost linear with dose. The manufacturing method (injection molding) allows potential batch sizes on the order of a million while maintaining a signal precision on the order of ±1%. Studies include dose response, dose rate dependence, energy dependence, post-irradiation stability, environmental effects, and variation of response within a batch. Data for both food irradiation and sterilization dose levels were obtained. The results indicate that the green signal (0.3–250 kGy) works well for food irradiation dose levels, especially in refrigerated facilities that maintain tight temperature control. The green signal also works well in sterilization facilities because its irradiation temperature coefficient above room temperature is minimal at sterilization doses. If the user requires readout results in < 22 h after room temperature irradiation, the user can either calibrate for a specific post-irradiation readout time(s) or simply heat the dosimeters in a small laboratory oven to quickly stabilize the signal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOOD irradiation
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - Dosimetry
KW  - Film dosimeter
KW  - Food irradiation
KW  - Gamma sterilization
N1  - Accession Number: 7764294; Murphy, M.K. 1 Miller, S.D. 2; Email Address: sdmiller@sunnasys.com Kovács, A. 3 McLaughlin, W.L. 4 Slezsák, I. 5; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Sunna Systems Corporation, 3100 George Washington Way, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Institute of Isotope and Surface Chemistry, Chemical Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary  4: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  5: Sensolab, Inc., Budapest, Hungary; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 63 Issue 3-6, p751; Subject Term: FOOD irradiation; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Film dosimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma sterilization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oberkampf, William L.
AU  - DeLand, Sharon M.
AU  - Rutherford, Brian M.
AU  - Diegert, Kathleen V.
AU  - Alvin, Kenneth F.
T1  - Error and uncertainty in modeling and simulation
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 75
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
SN  - 09518320
AB  - This article develops a general framework for identifying error and uncertainty in computational simulations that deal with the numerical solution of a set of partial differential equations (PDEs). A comprehensive, new view of the general phases of modeling and simulation is proposed, consisting of the following phases: conceptual modeling of the physical system, mathematical modeling of the conceptual model, discretization and algorithm selection for the mathematical model, computer programming of the discrete model, numerical solution of the computer program model, and representation of the numerical solution. Our view incorporates the modeling and simulation phases that are recognized in the systems engineering and operations research communities, but it adds phases that are specific to the numerical solution of PDEs. In each of these phases, general sources of uncertainty, both aleatory and epistemic, and error are identified. Our general framework is applicable to any numerical discretization procedure for solving ODEs or PDEs. To demonstrate this framework, we describe a system-level example: the flight of an unguided, rocket-boosted, aircraft-launched missile. This example is discussed in detail at each of the six phases of modeling and simulation. Two alternative models of the flight dynamics are considered, along with aleatory uncertainty of the initial mass of the missile and epistemic uncertainty in the thrust of the rocket motor. We also investigate the interaction of modeling uncertainties and numerical integration error in the solution of the ordinary differential equations for the flight dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERRORS
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - STOCHASTIC integral equations
KW  - Aleatory uncertainty
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Nondeterministic features
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Stochastic uncertainty
KW  - Subjective uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 7758837; Oberkampf, William L. 1; Email Address: wloberk@sandia.gov DeLand, Sharon M. 2 Rutherford, Brian M. 3 Diegert, Kathleen V. 4 Alvin, Kenneth F. 5; Affiliation:  1: Validation and Uncertainty Estimation Department, MS 0828, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0828, USA  2: Mission Analysis and Simulation Department, MS 1137, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1137, USA  3: Statistics and Human Factors Department, MS 0829, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0829, USA  4: Reliability Assessment Department, MS 0830, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0830, USA  5: Structural Dynamics and Smart Systems Department, MS 0847, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0847, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p333; Subject Term: ERRORS; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC integral equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aleatory uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nondeterministic features; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subjective uncertainty; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Kazmerski, L.L.
AU  - Roche, T.
T1  - Publication expansion and online access
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
SN  - 13640321
N1  - Accession Number: 8776147; Kazmerski, L.L. 1; Email Address: kaz@nrel.gov Roche, T. 2; Email Address: t.roche@elsevier.com; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA  2: Elsevier Science, UK; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 6 Issue 1/2, p1; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soong, Y.
AU  - Schoffstall, M.R.
AU  - Gray, M.L.
AU  - Knoer, J.P.
AU  - Champagne, K.J.
AU  - Jones, R.J.
AU  - Fauth, D.J.
T1  - Dry beneficiation of high loss-on-ignition fly ash
JO  - Separation & Purification Technology
JF  - Separation & Purification Technology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 13835866
AB  - Dry beneficiation of three high loss-on-ignition (LOI) fly ashes were conducted. The combination of two different types of dry separation techniques—ultrasonic sieving and triboelectrostatic separation—were used for this study. The results indicate that a simple separation of unburned carbon from fly ash is achievable at particle sizes of 149, 74 and 44 μm, and screening could be utilized as the rough separation mechanism for fly ash. Subsequently, triboelectrostatic separations were conducted on these different particle size fractions of the fly ash and indicated that the final carbon content in the products, as low as 2.5% or as high as 60%, can be further adjusted with the combination of dry sieving and triboelectrostatic separation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Separation & Purification Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - FLY ash
KW  - Dry separation
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Triboelectrostatic
KW  - Ultrasonic sieving
N1  - Accession Number: 7760527; Soong, Y.; Email Address: soong@netl.doe.gov Schoffstall, M.R. 1 Gray, M.L. 1 Knoer, J.P. 1 Champagne, K.J. 1 Jones, R.J. 1 Fauth, D.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 26 Issue 2/3, p177; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: FLY ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dry separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fly ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triboelectrostatic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrasonic sieving; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Sheldon H.D.
AU  - Kumar, Romesh
AU  - Krumpelt, Michael
T1  - Sulfur removal from diesel fuel-contaminated methanol
JO  - Separation & Purification Technology
JF  - Separation & Purification Technology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 13835866
AB  - Methanol is considered to be a potential on-board fuel for fuel cell-powered vehicles. In current distribution systems for liquid fuels used in the transportation sector, commodity methanol can occasionally become contaminated with the sulfur in diesel fuel or gasoline. This sulfur would poison the catalytic materials used in fuel reformers for fuel cells. We tested the removal of this sulfur by means of ten activated carbons (AC) that are commercially available. Tests were conducted with methanol doped with 1 vol.% grade D-2 diesel fuel containing 0.29% sulfur, which was present essentially as 33–35 wt.% benzothiophenes (BTs) and 65–67 wt.% dibenzothiophenes (DBT). In general, coconut shell-based carbons activated by high-temperature steam were more effective at sulfur removal than coal-based carbons. Equilibrium sorption data showed linear increase in sulfur capture with the increase of sulfur concentration in methanol. Both types of carbons had similar breakthrough characteristics, with the dynamic sorption capacity of each being about one-third of its equilibrium sorption capacity. Results of this study suggest that a fixed-bed sorber of granular AC can be used, such as in refueling stations, for the removal of sulfur in diesel fuel-contaminated methanol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Separation & Purification Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DESULFURIZATION
KW  - DIESEL fuels
KW  - ACTIVATED carbon
KW  - Activated carbon
KW  - Diesel fuel
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Sulfur removal
N1  - Accession Number: 7760534; Lee, Sheldon H.D.; Email Address: lee@cmt.anl.gov Kumar, Romesh 1 Krumpelt, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 26 Issue 2/3, p247; Subject Term: DESULFURIZATION; Subject Term: DIESEL fuels; Subject Term: ACTIVATED carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activated carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diesel fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur removal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, E.S.
AU  - DiBartolomeo, D.L.
T1  - Application issues for large-area electrochromic windows in commercial buildings
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2002/03//3/1/2002
VL  - 71
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Projections of performance from small-area devices to large-area windows and enterprise marketing have created high expectations for electrochromic glazings. As a result, this paper seeks to precipitate an objective dialog between material scientists and building-application scientists to determine whether actual large-area electrochromic devices will result in significant performance benefits and what material improvements are needed, if any, to make electrochromics more practical for commercial building applications.Few in situ tests have been conducted with large-area electrochromic windows applied in buildings. This study presents monitored results from a full-scale field test of large-area electrochromic windows to illustrate how this technology will perform in commercial buildings. The visible transmittance (<f>Tv</f>) of the installed electrochromic ranged from 0.11 to 0.38. The data are limited to the winter period for a south-east-facing window. The effect of actual device performance on lighting energy use, direct sun control, discomfort glare, and interior illumination is discussed. No mechanical system loads were monitored. These data demonstrate the use of electrochromics in a moderate climate and focus on the most restrictive visual task: computer use in offices.Through this small demonstration, we were able to determine that electrochromic windows can indeed provide unmitigated transparent views and a level of dynamic illumination control never before seen in architectural glazing materials. Daily lighting energy use was 6–24% less compared to the 11%-glazing, with improved interior brightness levels. Daily lighting energy use was 3% less to 13% more compared to the 38%-glazing, with improved window brightness control. The electrochromic window may not be able to fulfill both energy-efficiency and visual comfort objectives when low winter direct sun is present, particularly for computer tasks using cathode-ray tube (CRT) displays. However, window and architectural design as well as electrochromic control options are suggested as methods to broaden the applicability of electrochromics for commercial buildings. Without further modification, its applicability is expected to be limited during cold winter periods due to its slow switching speed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHROMIC devices
KW  - GLAZING (Glass installation)
KW  - Building application
KW  - Electrochromic windows
KW  - Energy-efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 7739885; Lee, E.S. 1; Email Address: eslee@lbl.gov DiBartolomeo, D.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 3/1/2002, Vol. 71 Issue 4, p465; Subject Term: ELECTROCHROMIC devices; Subject Term: GLAZING (Glass installation); Author-Supplied Keyword: Building application; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromic windows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-efficiency; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Seong, Maeng Je
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Mascarenhas, Angelo
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Raman spectroscopic studies of electrochromic a-MoO3 thin films
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 147
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 01672738
AB  - We report the effects of electrochromic coloration on the Raman spectra of sputtered a-MoO3 films. The Raman spectra of as-deposited films show two strong peaks at 828 and 951 cm−1 due to vibrations of the O&z.sbnd;Mo6+&z.sbnd;O and Mo6+&z.dbnd6;O bonds, respectively. A shoulder on the right side of the Raman peak at 951 cm−1 is observed, and we attribute it to the Mo6+&z.dbnd6;O bonds which originate from the singly coordinated oxygen atoms in α phase layered MoO3. When lithium (or hydrogen) ions and electrons are intercalated into a-MoO3, the overall Raman intensity decreases due to electrochromic coloration and an extra Raman peak due to the bonds between Mo5+ and oxygen atoms appears at ∼400 cm−1. In addition, the force constant for the O&z.sbnd;Mo6+&z.sbnd;O bonds increases due to the compressive stress induced by lithium (or hydrogen) ion insertion. We conclude the Mo5+ states are generated as a result of the reduction of the Mo6+ states with ion/electron insertion and the optical absorption in the colored state is caused by transitions between the Mo6+ and Mo5+. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTROCHROMIC devices
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - MOLYBDENUM oxides
KW  - Electrochromic coloration
KW  - Molybdenum oxide
KW  - Raman spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 7762473; Lee, Se-Hee; Email Address: slee@nrel.gov Seong, Maeng Je 1 Tracy, C. Edwin 1 Mascarenhas, Angelo 1 Pitts, J. Roland 1 Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Center for Basic Sciences, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 147 Issue 1/2, p129; Subject Term: ELECTROCHROMIC devices; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromic coloration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman spectra; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bae, J.-M.
AU  - Honma, I.
AU  - Murata, M.
AU  - Yamamoto, T.
AU  - Rikukawa, M.
AU  - Ogata, N.
T1  - Properties of selected sulfonated polymers as proton-conducting electrolytes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 147
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Two kinds of polymers were fabricated and tested as candidates of proton-conducting membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) applications. Poly benzimidazole (PBI) and poly(4-phenoxybenzoyl-1,4-phenylene, Poly-X 2000) (PPBP) were sulfonated and characterized as proton-conducting membranes. PBI was sulfonated as PBI-PS (propanesultone) and PBI-BS (butanesultone). PPBP was prepared at various sulfonation levels. Proton conductivities were measured at 60–160 °C. Power output characteristics of both polymers were measured by using commercial Pt/C electrodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Carbon monoxide intoxication
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - PBI
KW  - PBI-BS
KW  - PBI-PS
KW  - PEFC
KW  - PEMFC
KW  - Poly(4-phenoxybenzoyl-1,4-phenylene)
KW  - Polybenzimidazole
KW  - PPBP
KW  - Proton conductivity
KW  - Proton exchange membrane
KW  - S-PPBP
KW  - Solid polymer electrolyte
KW  - Sulfonation
N1  - Accession Number: 7762479; Bae, J.-M. 1; Email Address: bae@cmt.anl.gov Honma, I. 2 Murata, M. 3 Yamamoto, T. 3 Rikukawa, M. 4 Ogata, N. 5; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Energy Division, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba, Japan  3: SGL Carbon Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan  4: Department of Chemistry, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan  5: Chitose Institute of Technology, Hokkaido, Japan; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 147 Issue 1/2, p189; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide intoxication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBI; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBI-BS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBI-PS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEMFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(4-phenoxybenzoyl-1,4-phenylene); Author-Supplied Keyword: Polybenzimidazole; Author-Supplied Keyword: PPBP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton exchange membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: S-PPBP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid polymer electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfonation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Moult, John
AU  - Fidelis, Krzysztof
AU  - Zemla, Adam
AU  - Hubbard, Tim
AU  - Tramontano, Anna
T1  - The Significance of Performance Ranking in CASP—Response to Marti-Renom et al.
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 291
SN  - 09692126
N1  - Accession Number: 7767127; Moult, John 1; Email Address: jmoult@tunc.org Fidelis, Krzysztof 2 Zemla, Adam 2 Hubbard, Tim 3 Tramontano, Anna 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Rockville, MD 20850 USA  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA  3: Sanger Centre, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom  4: Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p291; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marković, N.M.
AU  - Lucas, C.A.
AU  - Rodes, A.
AU  - Stamenković, V.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
T1  - Surface electrochemistry of CO on Pt(<f>1 1 1</f>): anion effects
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - L149
SN  - 00396028
AB  - In situ studies of CO adsorption by surface X-ray scattering and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques are used to create the link between the macroscopic kinetic rates of CO oxidation and the microscopic level of understanding the structure/site occupancy of CO on Pt(1 1 1). A remarkable difference in activity is observed between alkaline and acid solutions. In alkaline solution the oxidation of CO occurs at low overpotential (<0.2 V) by the surface reaction between the adsorbed CO and OH, the latter forming selectively in the hydrogen underpotential potential region at defect sites. In acid solution these sites are blocked by specific adsorption of anions, and consequently in a solution containing Br<f>−</f> the ignition potential is shifted positively by 0.6 V. Anions of supporting electrolytes also have dramatic effects on both the potential range of stability and the domain size of the p(<f>2×2</f>)-3CO structure which is formed at 0.05 V. The stability/domain size of this structure increases from KOH (<f>&ap;</f>30 A˚ between <f>0.05<E<0.3 V</f>), to HClO<f>4</f> (<f>&ap;</f>140 A˚ between <f>0.05<E<0.6 V</f>) to HClO<f>4+Br−</f> (<f>&ap;</f>350 A˚ between <f>0.05<E<0.8</f> V). The larger the ordered domains of the p(<f>2×2</f>)-CO<f>ad</f> structure, the less active the surface is towards CO oxidation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Platinum
KW  - X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 7759736; Marković, N.M. 1; Email Address: nmmarkovic@lbl.gov Lucas, C.A. 2 Rodes, A. 3 Stamenković, V. 1 Ross, P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail Stop 2-100, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L697ZE, UK  3: Departamento de Quımica Fısica, Universidad de Alicante, E-03083 Alicante, Spain; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, pL149; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LeGore, L.J.
AU  - Lad, R.J.
AU  - Moulzolf, S.C.
AU  - Vetelino, J.F.
AU  - Frederick, B.G.
AU  - Kenik, E.A.
T1  - Defects and morphology of tungsten trioxide thin films
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 406
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Tungsten trioxide is a wide band-gap n-type semiconductor that has been used as a sensing material in chemiresistive gas sensors. The microstructure and morphology are important characteristics that have a large influence on the sensitivity, selectivity, and stability of the sensor. We have produced tungsten trioxide thin films 15–600 nm thick by reactive r.f. magnetron sputtering onto r-cut sapphire substrates. The microstructure of the films was characterized by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Films with local epitaxy or randomly oriented textures were produced by controlling the substrate deposition temperature and by post-deposition annealing treatments. All films were found to be dense with low porosity. Grain boundaries were identified in the films with randomly oriented texture and these films were composed of either the monoclinic or orthorhombic crystallographic phase. No grain boundaries were found for the locally epitaxial films. These films were discontinuous during early growth, exhibited evidence of crystallographic shear planes, and had a cubic crystallographic phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNGSTEN oxides
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Sputtering
KW  - Tungsten oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 7796819; LeGore, L.J. 1; Email Address: jay.legore@maine.edu Lad, R.J. 1,2 Moulzolf, S.C. 1 Vetelino, J.F. 1,3 Frederick, B.G. 1,4 Kenik, E.A. 5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA  4: Department of Chemistry University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA  5: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 406 Issue 1/2, p79; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN oxides; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten oxide; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gebre, G. Michael
AU  - Tschaplinski, Timothy J.
T1  - Solute accumulation of chestnut oak and dogwood leaves in response to throughfall manipulation of an upland oak forest.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 260
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - To determine the biochemical basis of osmotic adjustment, seasonal and treatment differences in foliar water- soluble organic solutes and inorganic ions were investigated for two hardwood species that exhibited osmotic adjustment in a Throughfall Displacement Experiment at the Walker Branch Watershed near Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Leaf samples of overstory and understory chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) and understory dogwood (Cornus florida L.) were collected during the 1994 (wet) and 1995 (dry) growing seasons from each of three treatments: dry (–33% throughfall), ambient (control) and wet (+33% throughfall). Foliar soluble carbohydrates and organic acids were measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Quercus prinus
KW  - Dogwoods
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Hardwoods
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - Cornus florida
KW  - fructose
KW  - glucose
KW  - osmotic adjustment
KW  - quercitol
KW  - quinic acid
KW  - sucrose
N1  - Accession Number: 51807809; Gebre, G. Michael 1,2; Tschaplinski, Timothy J. 1; Email Address: t2t@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; 2: Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177, USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p251; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Subject Term: Quercus prinus; Subject Term: Dogwoods; Subject Term: Leaves; Subject Term: Hardwoods; Subject: Tennessee; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cornus florida; Author-Supplied Keyword: fructose; Author-Supplied Keyword: glucose; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmotic adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: quercitol; Author-Supplied Keyword: quinic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: sucrose; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321211 Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
T1  - An approximate analytical solution for non-Darcy flow toward a well in fractured media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 5-1
EP  - 5-7
SN  - 00431397
AB  - This paper presents an approximate analytical solution for non-Darcy flow of a slightly compressible fluid through a fractured reservoir. The analytical solution is obtained using the traditional Warren-Root solution superposed on a dimensionless non-Darcy flow coefficient. The model formulation incorporates the Forchheimer equation into the Warren-Root model for describing non-Darcy flow through fractured media. The approximate analytical solution, verified for its accuracy by comparison with numerical solutions, provides a useful tool in analyzing non-Darcy flow in fractured reservoirs for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - double porosity
KW  - fractured reservoirs
KW  - non-Darcy flow
N1  - Accession Number: 87143612; Wu, Yu-Shu 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p5-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: double porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured reservoirs; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-Darcy flow; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR00713
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buscheck, T. A.
AU  - Rosenberg, N. D.
AU  - Gansemer, J.
AU  - Sun, Y.
T1  - Thermohydrologic behavior at an underground nuclear waste repository.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 10-1
EP  - 10-19
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We present a multiscale model that simulates coupled thermal and hydrological behavior driven by radioactive decay heat from a potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. We use this model to evaluate repository performance for different designs with respect to major thermal design goals (e.g., keeping waste packages dry). A locally boiling or globally boiling design uses rock dry out to create dry (low relative humidity (RH)) conditions around waste packages for a long period of time. A subboiling design eliminates boiling in the host rock (possibly reducing uncertainty) but is less effective at maintaining dry conditions. The addition of backfill increases the duration of RH reduction significantly without added boiling in the host rock but at the cost of higher waste package temperatures. The interaction between engineering design variables and natural system factors that affect thermohydrologic behavior is highly nonlinear. As a consequence, designs that differ by seemingly small details can result in markedly different thermohydrologic behavior and consequently repository performance, whereas with regards to other details, large differences may have little or no effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - hydrological
KW  - multiscale
KW  - repository
KW  - thermal
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 87143606; Buscheck, T. A. 1; Rosenberg, N. D. 1; Gansemer, J. 1; Sun, Y. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p10-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrological; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiscale; Author-Supplied Keyword: repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wallschläger, Dirk
AU  - Kock, Hans Herbert
AU  - Schroeder, William H.
AU  - Lindberg, Steven E.
AU  - Ebinghaus, Ralf
AU  - Wilken, Rolf-Dieter
T1  - Estimating Gaseous Mercury Emissions from Contaminated Floodplain Soils to the Atmosphere with Simple Field Measurement Techniques.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2002/03//
VL  - 135
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 54
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The atmospheric emission of mercury (Hg) from a contaminated wetlands system was studied in the floodplains along the river Elbe (Northern Germany). Results suggest that wetlands can be important transformation and phase transfer regions, linking the terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric compartments of regional biogeochemical Hg cycles. Fluxes determined by flux chamber measurements averaged 43 ± 5 ng m-2 h-1. Additionally, soil gas probe sampling was introduced to determine mercury concentrations in soil air. This technique shows some promise for detecting and confining mercury contamination in soils. We also propose that measurements of total gaseous mercury (TGM) in soil air and the near-surface atmosphere, in combination with simple soil physical parameters, may be suitable for calculating semiquantitative estimates of Hg evaporation from contaminated soils, based on laminar diffusion considerations. The results are compared to other Hg flux measurements, and the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to quantify Hg emissions from soils are discussed, especially with regard to possible systematic bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Aquatic resources
KW  - Wetlands
KW  - Soil chemistry
KW  - Economic geology
KW  - Contamination (Psychology)
KW  - mercury fluxes
KW  - soil air
KW  - soil-air exchange
KW  - wetlands
N1  - Accession Number: 16603707; Wallschläger, Dirk 1,2; Email Address: DirkW@Frontier.WA.com; Kock, Hans Herbert 2; Schroeder, William H. 3; Lindberg, Steven E. 4; Ebinghaus, Ralf 2; Wilken, Rolf-Dieter 5,6; Affiliations: 1: Frontier Geosciences, 414 Pontius Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.; 2: GKSS Research Center, Institute of Physical and Chemical Analytics, Max-Planck-Str., 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; 3: Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Service, 4905 Dufferin Street, Downsview, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada; 4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, U.S.A; 5: Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Institute of Geosciences, Chair of Applied Hydrochemistry, Johannes-Joachim-Becher-Weg 21, 55099 Mainz, Germany; 6: ESWE-Institute for Water Research and Water Technology, Söhnleinstr. 158, 65201 Wiesbaden-Schierstein, Germany; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 135 Issue 1-4, p39; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic resources; Thesaurus Term: Wetlands; Thesaurus Term: Soil chemistry; Subject Term: Economic geology; Subject Term: Contamination (Psychology); Author-Supplied Keyword: mercury fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil air; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil-air exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetlands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barbieri, Riccardo
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
T1  - <atl>Models of Scherk–Schwarz symmetry breaking in 5d: classification and calculability
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/03/04/
VL  - 624
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 05503213
AB  - The form of the most general orbifold breaking of gauge, global and supersymmetries with a single extra dimension is given. In certain theories the Higgs boson mass is ultraviolet finite due to an unbroken local supersymmetry, which is explicitly exhibited. We construct: a 1 parameter <f>SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1)</f> theory with 1 bulk Higgs hypermultiplet, a 2 parameter <f>SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1)</f> theory with 2 bulk Higgs hypermultiplets, and a 2 parameter <f>SU(5)→SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1)</f> theory with 2 bulk Higgs hypermultiplets, and demonstrate that these theories are unique. We compute the Higgs mass and compactification scale in the <f>SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1)</f> theory with 1 bulk Higgs hypermultiplet. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - 12.60.-i
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 7753989; Barbieri, Riccardo 1 Hall, Lawrence J. 2,3 Nomura, Yasunori 2,3; Email Address: yasunori@thsrv.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Scuola Normale Superiore and INFN, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 624 Issue 1/2, p63; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.-i; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Reilly, James M.
AU  - Thompson, Orlean I.
AU  - Wignall, G.D.
T1  - <atl>Investigation of colloidal dispersions of photographic couplers and surfactants by small-angle neutron scattering
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2002/03/05/
VL  - 201
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 09277757
AB  - Colloidal dispersions of photographic couplers prepared by condensation methods were studied by small-angle neutron scattering, initially in dilute aqueous solutions, where inter-particle effects can be neglected. These nanoparticle dispersions are composed mainly of coupler and surfactant hydrocarbon chains, which were shown to be intimately mixed as in a liquid. The particle sizes were determined to be in the range 50–250 A˚ in radius for ten couplers investigated with the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. Selected couplers were studied with two other surfactants. The amount of surfactant associated with coupler in the particles varied with coupler structure and ranged from 50 to 80%. Studies were also performed at higher concentrations where interparticle interactions were observed as manifested by a peak, as opposed to a monotonic fall off in the scattering, as in dilute solutions. For these data, the interparticle scattering function, S(Q), was calculated using the mean spherical approximation, MSA which was used to extract the aggregation number, surface charge, and inner and outer radii of the particle, which define the particle ‘shell’, consisting of surfactant headgroups, counterions and water of hydration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - Coupler
KW  - Dispersions
KW  - Small-angle neutron scattering
KW  - Surface charge
KW  - Surfactants
N1  - Accession Number: 7756360; O'Reilly, James M. 1; Email Address: joreilly@eznet.net Thompson, Orlean I. 1 Wignall, G.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, NY 14650-02116, USA  2: Solid State Division, Building 7962, Oak Ridge National Laboratory<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Managed by UT-Battelle under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy.</fn>, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6393, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 201 Issue 1-3, p47; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coupler; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface charge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactants; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Noller, Harry F.
AU  - Yusupov, Marat M.
AU  - Yusupova, Gulnara Z.
AU  - Baucom, Albion
AU  - Cate, J.H.D.
T1  - Translocation of tRNA during protein synthesis
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2002/03/06/
VL  - 514
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Coupled translocation of tRNA and mRNA in the ribosome during protein synthesis is one of the most challenging and intriguing problems in the field of translation. We highlight several key questions regarding the mechanism of translocation, and discuss possible mechanistic models in light of the recent crystal structures of the ribosome and its subunits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN synthesis
KW  - TRANSFER RNA
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - Hybrid state
KW  - mRNA
KW  - Ribosome
KW  - Spirin
KW  - Translocation
KW  - tRNA
N1  - Accession Number: 7770170; Noller, Harry F. 1; Email Address: harry@nuvolari.ucsc.edu Yusupov, Marat M. 1 Yusupova, Gulnara Z. 1 Baucom, Albion 1 Cate, J.H.D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Molecular Biology of RNA and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Sinsheimer Laboratories, UCSC, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  2: Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 514 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: PROTEIN synthesis; Subject Term: TRANSFER RNA; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid state; Author-Supplied Keyword: mRNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ribosome; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spirin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Translocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: tRNA; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - Abu Saleem, K.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Amro, H.
AU  - Caggiano, J.
AU  - Davids, C.N.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Herskind, B.
AU  - Khoo, T.L.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Ma, W.C.
AU  - Ressler, J.J.
AU  - Reviol, W.
AU  - Riedinger, L.L.
AU  - Sarantites, D.G.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Siem, S.
T1  - First observation of excited structures in neutron-deficient 179Hg: evidence for multiple shape coexistence
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/03/07/
VL  - 528
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Excited structures in the neutron-deficient nucleus 179Hg have been established for the first time using the Gammasphere spectrometer in conjunction with the fragment mass analyzer. Competing states originating from three different minima associated with nearly spherical, oblate, and prolate deformations were found. This result can be contrasted with the situation in heavier odd-mass Hg isotopes where only two minima (oblate and prolate) have been seen. The implications of these three shapes at low spin and excitation energy are discussed in the general context of shape coexistence in this mass region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
KW  - GAMMASPHERE
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
N1  - Accession Number: 7762547; Kondev, F.G. 1,2 Carpenter, M.P. 1 Janssens, R.V.F. 1; Email Address: janssens@anl.gov Lister, C.J. 1 Abu Saleem, K. 1 Ahmad, I. 1 Amro, H. 1,3 Caggiano, J. 1 Davids, C.N. 1 Heinz, A. 1 Herskind, B. 4 Khoo, T.L. 1 Lauritsen, T. 1 Ma, W.C. 3 Ressler, J.J. 1,5 Reviol, W. 6,7 Riedinger, L.L. 7 Sarantites, D.G. 6 Seweryniak, D. 1 Siem, S. 1,8; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Technology Development Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA  4: The Niels Bohr Institute, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark  5: Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  6: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA  7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  8: Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 528 Issue 3/4, p221; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Subject Term: GAMMASPHERE; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plummer, E.W.
AU  - Ismail
AU  - Matzdorf, R.
AU  - Melechko, A.V.
AU  - Pierce, J.P.
AU  - Zhang, Jiandi
T1  - Surfaces: a playground for physics with broken symmetry in reduced dimensionality
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/03/10/
VL  - 500
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00396028
AB  - With our crystal ball in front of us, we attempt to articulate the opportunities and challenges for a surface physicist in the beginning of the new millennium. The challenge is quite clear: to use the unique environment of a surface or interface to do fascinating physics, while taking full advantage of the skills the community has developed over the last 30 years. The opportunities appear to be endless! In this age of Nanotechnology where the promise is to shape the world atom by atom, leading to the next industrial revolution [Nanotechnology: shaping the world atom by atom, National Science and Technology Council, Committee on Technology, 1999], surface science should be at the very forefront of both technological and scientific advances. The smaller objects become, the more important their surfaces become. In this article we focus on the role of a surface physicist in the emergence of nanoscale collective phenomena in complex materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - SURFACES (Technology) -- Defects
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - and topography
KW  - Magnetic phenomena (cyclotron resonance, phase transitions, etc.)
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface defects
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 7765932; Plummer, E.W. 1,2; Email Address: eplummer@utk.edu Ismail 1,2 Matzdorf, R. 3 Melechko, A.V. 1,2 Pierce, J.P. 1,2 Zhang, Jiandi 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 401 A.H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6057, USA  3: Universität Würzburg, Experimentelle Physik IV, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany  4: Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 500 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology) -- Defects; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic phenomena (cyclotron resonance, phase transitions, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bader, S.D.
T1  - Magnetism in low dimensionality
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/03/10/
VL  - 500
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The collective creativity of those working in the field of surface magnetism has stimulated an impressive range of advances. Once wary, theorists are now eager to enter the field. The present article attempts to take a snapshot of where the field has been, with an eye to the more speculative issue of where it is going. Selective examples are used to highlight three general areas of interest: (i) characterization techniques, (ii) materials properties, and (iii) theoretical/simulational advances. Emerging directions are identified and discussed, including laterally confined nanomagnetism and spintronics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - IRON
KW  - COBALT
KW  - Cobalt
KW  - Iron
KW  - Magnetic films
KW  - Magnetic interfaces
KW  - Magnetic phenomena (cyclotron resonance, phase transitions, etc.)
KW  - Magnetic surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 7765939; Bader, S.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division 223, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 500 Issue 1-3, p172; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: COBALT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic phenomena (cyclotron resonance, phase transitions, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic surfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen, J.
AU  - Kirschner, J.
T1  - Tailoring magnetism in artificially structured materials: the new frontier
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/03/10/
VL  - 500
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The current standard of electronic devices and data storage media has reached a level such that magnetic materials have to be fabricated on a nanometer scale. In particular, the emerging concept of spintronics, which is based on fact that current carriers have not only charge but also spin, requires the assembling of nanometer-sized magnetic structures with desired magnetic properties. It is this background that motivates scientists and engineers to attempt to grow and characterize magnetic objects at smaller and smaller length scales, from 2D films and multilayers to 1D wires and eventually to 0D dots. In this article, some of the most significant progress in recent years in the effort of growing artificially structured magnetic materials are reviewed. The new structural and magnetic properties of these materials are discussed, with an emphasis on the correlation between structure and magnetism, which also serves as guidance for improving their magnetic properties. The emerging emphasis is on converting the existing knowledge into growing and studying low-dimensional complex materials, which promise to have considerably higher “tuning” ability for desired properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - Electrical transport (conductivity, resistivity, mobility, etc.)
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Magnetic films
KW  - Magnetic interfaces
KW  - Magnetic phenomena (cyclotron resonance, phase transitions, etc.)
KW  - Metal–metal magnetic heterostructures
N1  - Accession Number: 7765944; Shen, J. 1; Email Address: Shenj@ornl.gov Kirschner, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6057, USA  2: Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Halle 06120, Germany; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 500 Issue 1-3, p300; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical transport (conductivity, resistivity, mobility, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic phenomena (cyclotron resonance, phase transitions, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–metal magnetic heterostructures; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naumovets, A.G.
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Fidgety particles on surfaces: how do they jump, walk, group, and settle in virgin areas?
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/03/10/
VL  - 500
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 414
SN  - 00396028
AB  - This article is aimed at describing the history and current status of surface diffusion, its vital importance in diverse surface phenomena and numerous industrial applications, the recent significant progress in its understanding, and, in particular, many unsettled questions concerning surface diffusion mechanisms. From the fundamental point of view, the interest in surface diffusion and, at the same time, the difficulties in its understanding, stem primarily from the collective (many-body) nature of this phenomenon. On the practical side, the importance of the knowledge of the physics behind surface diffusion is becoming increasingly crucial in the coming era of nanotechnology, which will bring an unprecedented level of miniaturization in electronics and a broad employment of various nanomaterials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - Adatoms
KW  - Clusters
KW  - Field ion microscopy
KW  - Models of surface kinetics
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface diffusion
KW  - Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions)
N1  - Accession Number: 7765949; Naumovets, A.G. 1; Email Address: naumov@iop.kiev.ua Zhang, Zhenyu 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 46 Prospect Nauki, UA-03028, Kiev 28, Ukraine  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6032, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 500 Issue 1-3, p414; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adatoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field ion microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of surface kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions); Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, John P.
AU  - Lister, Christopher J.
T1  - The production of sulfur targets for <f>γ</f>-ray spectroscopy
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03/11/
VL  - 480
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The production of thin sulfur targets for nuclear physics, either in elemental or in compound form, is problematic, due to low melting points, high vapor pressures and high dissociation rates. Many sulfur compounds have been tried in the past without great success. In this paper, we report the use of spray coating molybdenum disulfide onto a thin carbon backing. The targets were of thickness 750 μg/cm2 (∼300 μg/cm2 of sulfur) on 15 μg/cm2 carbon backings, and withstood 4 pnA (∼10 mW/cm2) of deposited beam power for several days without apparent loss of sulfur content. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Heavy ion target
KW  - Spray painting
KW  - Sulfur
KW  - Target wheel
N1  - Accession Number: 7769379; Greene, John P.; Email Address: greene@anl.gov Lister, Christopher J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 480 Issue 1, p79; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spray painting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur; Author-Supplied Keyword: Target wheel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, John P.
T1  - Preparation of isotopic ruthenium targets using an ion beam sputtering source
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03/11/
VL  - 480
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The preparation of ruthenium targets to be used in heavy-ion experiments has always presented challenges due to the physical properties of ruthenium and the cost of the separated isotopes. The straightforward approach of ion beam sputtering provides an efficient deposition technique, which allows for conservation of the isotopic starting material. A description of the target preparation will be presented along with results for several ruthenium isotopes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - ION sources
KW  - Heavy-ion target
KW  - Ion source
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Sputtering
N1  - Accession Number: 7769386; Greene, John P. 1; Email Address: greene@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division 203, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 480 Issue 1, p119; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: ION sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-ion target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liechtenstein, V.Kh.
AU  - Ivkova, T.M.
AU  - Olshanski, E.D.
AU  - Repnow, R.
AU  - Levin, J.
AU  - Hellborg, R.
AU  - Persson, P.
AU  - Schenkel, T.
T1  - Advances in targetry with thin diamond-like carbon foils
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03/11/
VL  - 480
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Thin and stable diamond-like carbon (DLC) foils, which were fabricated at the Kurchatov Institute by sputter deposition, have proved recently to be advantageous for stripping and secondary electron timing of high energy heavy ions in a number of accelerator experiments. This resulted in expanding applications of these DLC foils which necessitated further development efforts directed toward the following applications of DLC targetry: (i) thin stripper foils for lower energy tandem accelerators, (ii) enlarged (up to 66 mm in diameter) stop foils for improved time-of-flight elastic recoil detection ion beam analysis, and (iii) ultra-thin (about 0.6 μg/cm2) DLC foils for some fundamental and applied physics experiments. Along with the fabrication of thin DLC stripper foils for tandem accelerators, much thicker (up to 200 μg/cm2) foils for post-stripping of heavy-ion beams in higher energy linacs, are within reach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL foils
KW  - CARBON
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - Arc evaporation
KW  - Carbon stripper
KW  - DLC foils
KW  - ERDA
KW  - Formvar
KW  - Glow discharge cracking
KW  - Release agent
KW  - Stripper lifetime
N1  - Accession Number: 7769396; Liechtenstein, V.Kh. 1; Email Address: liechten@nfi.kiae.ru Ivkova, T.M. 1 Olshanski, E.D. 1 Repnow, R. 2 Levin, J. 2 Hellborg, R. 3 Persson, P. 3 Schenkel, T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Russian Research Centre, Kurchatov Institute, 123182 Moscow, Russia  2: Max–Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany  3: University of Lund, S-22362 Lund, Sweden  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94701, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 480 Issue 1, p185; Subject Term: METAL foils; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arc evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon stripper; Author-Supplied Keyword: DLC foils; Author-Supplied Keyword: ERDA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Formvar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glow discharge cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Release agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripper lifetime; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332999 All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kharzeev, Dmitri
AU  - Kovchegov, Yuri V.
AU  - Levin, Eugene
T1  - Instantons in the saturation environment
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/03/11/
VL  - 699
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 745
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We show that instanton calculations in QCD become theoretically well defined in the gluon saturation environment which suppresses large-size instantons. The effective cutoff scale is determined by the inverse of the saturation scale. We concentrate on two most important cases: the small-<f>x</f> tail of a gluon distribution of a high-energy hadron or a large nucleus and the central rapidity region in a high-energy hadronic or heavy-ion collision. In the saturation regime the gluon density in a single large ultrarelativistic nucleus is high and gluonic fields are given by the classical solutions of the equations of motion. We show that these strong classical fields do not affect the density of instantons in the nuclear wave function compared to the instanton density in the vacuum. A classical solution with nontrivial topological charge is found for the gluon field of a single nucleus at the lowest order in the instanton perturbation theory. In the case of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions a strong classical gluonic field is produced in the central rapidity region. We demonstrate that this field introduces a suppression factor of <f>exp{−cρ4Qs4/[8αs2Nc(Qsτ)2]}</f> in the instanton-size distribution, where <f>Qs</f> is the saturation scale of both (identical) nuclei, <f>τ</f> is the proper time and <f>c&ap;1</f> is the gluon liberation coefficient. This factor suggests that gluonic saturation effects at the early stages of nuclear collisions regulate the instanton-size distribution in the infrared region and make the instanton density finite by suppressing large-size instantons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - INSTANTONS
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - Heavy-ion collisions
KW  - Infrared safety
KW  - Parton saturation
KW  - QCD instantons
N1  - Accession Number: 7748177; Kharzeev, Dmitri 1 Kovchegov, Yuri V. 2; Email Address: yuri@phys.washington.edu Levin, Eugene 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Box 351560, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  3: HEP Department, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 699 Issue 3/4, p745; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: INSTANTONS; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-ion collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parton saturation; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCD instantons; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benin, Vladimir
AU  - Kaszynski, Piotr
AU  - George Radziszewski, J.
T1  - N-Chloro-N,N′,N′-tris(ethoxycarbonyl)hydrazine and N,N-dichloro-N′,N′-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)hydrazine: synthesis, stability and reactions with nucleophiles
JO  - Tetrahedron
JF  - Tetrahedron
Y1  - 2002/03/11/
VL  - 58
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2085
SN  - 00404020
AB  - N-Chloro-N,N′,N′-tris(ethoxycarbonyl)hydrazine (1b) was prepared in 27% yield by chlorination of N,N,N′-tris(ethoxycarbonyl)hydrazine anion with t-BuOCl. The reaction of 1b with CN(−) gave the product of N-substitution. Attempts at chlorination of N,N-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)hydrazine (2a) with t-BuOCl did not yield the expected N,N-dichloro-N′,N′-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)hydrazine (1a), and led to the exclusive formation of ClCOOEt. The mechanism of the decomposition and the relative stability of 1a and 1b are assessed using DFT calculations and compared to those for the parent chlorohydrazine (3). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRAZINES
KW  - CHLORINATION
KW  - computer-assisted methods
KW  - halogenation
KW  - hydrazines
KW  - mechanisms
KW  - substitution
N1  - Accession Number: 7760453; Benin, Vladimir 1 Kaszynski, Piotr 1; Email Address: piotr@ctrvax.vanderbilt.edu George Radziszewski, J. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Organic Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 58 Issue 11, p2085; Subject Term: HYDRAZINES; Subject Term: CHLORINATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer-assisted methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: halogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrazines; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: substitution; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimmich, Barbara F.M.
AU  - Marshall, William J.
AU  - Fagan, Paul J.
AU  - Hauptman, Elisabeth
AU  - Bullock, R. Morris
T1  - Palladium complexes with PCP ligands.: Preparation and structural studies of two forms of [(PCP)Pd(OH2)]+BF4 −
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/03/13/
VL  - 330
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 52
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Abstraction of chloride from the Pd complex {[η3-2,6-(tBu2PCH2)2C6H3)]PdCl with AgBF4 in THF gives {[η3-2,6-(tBu2PCH2)2C6H3)]Pd(THF)}+BF4 −. Attemped crystallization of this THF complex produced the aqua complex {[η3-2,6-(tBu2PCH2)2C6H3)]Pd(OH2)}+BF4 −. Crystal structures of two crystalline forms of this compound are reported. In {[η3-2,6-(tBu2PCH2)2C6H3)]Pd(OH2)}+BF4 −·THF, one hydrogen of the water is hydrogen bonded to the oxygen of the THF, and the other hydrogen is hydrogen bonded to an F of the BF4 − anion. Another crystalline form has no THF, but has both of the hydrogens of water hydrogen bonded to different BF4 − anions, such that two different BF4 − anions bridge two {[η3-2,6-(tBu2PCH2)2C6H3)]Pd(OH2)}+ cations. A crystal structure is also reported for the palladium chloride complex [η3-2,6-(tBu2PCH2)2C6H3)]PdCl. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANOPALLADIUM compounds
KW  - COMPLEX compounds -- Synthesis
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - Aqua complexes
KW  - Crystal structures
KW  - Hydrogen bonding
KW  - Palladium complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 7765354; Kimmich, Barbara F.M. 1 Marshall, William J. 2 Fagan, Paul J. 2 Hauptman, Elisabeth 2 Bullock, R. Morris 1; Email Address: bullock@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Central Research and Development Department, The Dupont Company, Experimental Station, P.O. Box 80328, Wilmington, DE 19880-0328, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 330 Issue 1, p52; Subject Term: ORGANOPALLADIUM compounds; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds -- Synthesis; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqua complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium complexes; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eckert, Juergen
AU  - Webster, Charles Edwin
AU  - Hall, Michael B.
AU  - Albinati, Alberto
AU  - Venanzi, Luigi M.
T1  - The vibrational spectrum of Tp3,5-MeRhH2(H2): a computational and inelastic neutron scattering study
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/03/13/
VL  - 330
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 240
SN  - 00201693
AB  - We report extensive density functional theory studies of the structures and vibrational frequencies of Tp3,5-MeRhH2(H2) in its ground and various transition states as well as the first direct comparison of observed and calculated inelastic neutron scattering (INS) vibrational spectra on this type of compound. Geometry optimizations produced canted η2-dihydrogen dihydride local minima of C1 symmetry; with HH distances for the C1 minimum energy structure of 0.842 and 0.898 A˚ and barriers to rotation of 0.34 and 0.50 kcal mol−1, respectively for B3LYP/BS1 and BP86/BS1 calculations of Tp3,5-MeRhH2(H2). The latter results from one transition state rotated approximately 60° away (a second lower energy transition state which is a few hundreds of a kcal mol−1 above the C1 MIN is rotated approximately 30° away). With these calculated d(HH) values for the C1 MIN the previously reported experimental data on the rotation of the dihydrogen ligand yields an experimental barrier to rotation of ∼1 kcal mol−1 and places the torsional transition at 200 cm−1 in the INS spectrum. Optimization of the Rh structure, that is analogous to the related Ir(V) Cs minimum found for TpIrH4, generates a high-energy (>4 cal mol−1) Cs transition state TpRhIIIH4 structure with an η3-H3 − ligand. This transition state (Cs TSE) exchanges the hydrogen in the mirror plane between two chiral C1 MIN structures. Comparisons between observed and computed INS spectra suggests that the experimental INS spectrum be viewed as resulting from a quantum-averaged ground state encompassing at least two of the low energy structures found in our calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - ORGANORHODIUM compounds
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - Density functional theory studies
KW  - Dihydrogen complex of Rh
KW  - Inelastic neutron scattering study
KW  - Pyrazolyl ligand
KW  - Vibrational spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 7765377; Eckert, Juergen 1; Email Address: juergen@mrl.ucsb.edu Webster, Charles Edwin 2 Hall, Michael B. 2 Albinati, Alberto 3 Venanzi, Luigi M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, Mail Stop H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, Ross and Spence Streets, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842-3012, USA  3: Istituto di Chimica Farmaceutica, Universitá di Milano, I-20131 Milano, Italy  4: Laboratorium für anorganische Chemie der Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule, ETH-Zentrum, Universitätstrasse 6, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 330 Issue 1, p240; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: ORGANORHODIUM compounds; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional theory studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dihydrogen complex of Rh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic neutron scattering study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrazolyl ligand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrational spectrum; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, T.E.
AU  - Hirth, J.P.
AU  - Misra, A.
T1  - Apparent activation energy and stress exponent in materials with a high Peierls stress
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/03/14/
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1087
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Equations are derived for the apparent stress exponent and activation energy in materials whose deformation is controlled by double kink nucleation and propagation on dislocations. The apparent activation energy (determined from Arrhenius plots of creep rate against inverse temperature) can easily be 10–20% lower than the true activation energy, depending on the stress. The apparent stress exponent (determined from the strain rate dependence of the stress or the stress dependence of the creep rate) is shown to be strongly dependent on stress, and therefore on temperature, and can decrease from values greater than 10 at low temperatures to unity at high temperatures, even though a single mechanism is controlling. Reasonable agreement has been found between the experimental and theoretical values of the stress exponent for yielding in single crystals of sapphire, spinel, Ni3Al and NiAl, except that the calculated high temperature values tend to be somewhat lower than the observed values. The analysis should apply to yielding in many ceramics and intermetallics in single crystal form (or large grain polycrystals) where the double kink mechanism is rate-controlling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - ARRHENIUS equation
N1  - Accession Number: 7758248; Mitchell, T.E. 1; Email Address: temitchell@lanl.gov Hirth, J.P. 1 Misra, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p1087; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: ARRHENIUS equation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sampaio, J.M.
AU  - Langanke, K.
AU  - Martınez-Pinedo, G.
AU  - Dean, D.J.
T1  - Neutral-current neutrino reactions in the supernova environment
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/03/14/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We study the neutral-current neutrino scattering for four nuclei in the iron region. We evaluate the cross sections for the relevant temperatures during the supernova core collapse and derive Gamow–Teller distributions from large-scale shell-model calculations. We show that the thermal population of the excited states significantly enhances the cross sections at low neutrino energies. Calculations of the outgoing neutrino spectra indicate the prospect of neutrino upscattering at finite temperatures. Both results are particularly notable in even–even nuclei. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
N1  - Accession Number: 7762565; Sampaio, J.M. 1 Langanke, K. 1; Email Address: langanke@ifa.au.dk Martınez-Pinedo, G. 2 Dean, D.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut for Fysik og Astronomi, Århus Universitet, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark  2: Departement für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, p19; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cullen, D.M.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Davids, C.N.
AU  - Fletcher, A.M.
AU  - Freeman, S.J.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - Pattison, L.K.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Smith, J.F.
AU  - Bruce, A.M.
AU  - Abu Saleem, K.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Khoo, T.L.
AU  - Moore, E.F.
AU  - Mukherjee, G.
AU  - Wheldon, C.
AU  - Woehr, A.
T1  - Identification of excited states in 140Dy
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/03/14/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Excited structures in the proton-rich nucleus 140Dy have been established following the decay of an <f>8−</f> isomer. The excitation energy of the isomer is established to be 2.16 MeV with a half-life of <f>7.3±1.5</f> μs. The isomer decays into the yrast line at the <f>8+</f> state, revealing a rotational band with a deduced deformation of <f>β2=0.24(3)</f>. The isotope 140Dy is the daughter of the deformed proton emitter 141Ho. The new information obtained here supports the role of deformation in proton emission and the previous assignments of single-particle configurations to the two proton emitting states in 141Ho. In addition, the reduced hindrance factor measured for the isomer is consistent with the trend observed in the <f>N=74</f> isotones. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
N1  - Accession Number: 7762568; Cullen, D.M. 1 Carpenter, M.P. 2 Davids, C.N. 2 Fletcher, A.M. 1 Freeman, S.J. 1 Janssens, R.V.F. 2; Email Address: janssens@anl.gov Kondev, F.G. 3 Lister, C.J. 2 Pattison, L.K. 1 Seweryniak, D. 2 Smith, J.F. 1 Bruce, A.M. 4 Abu Saleem, K. 2,5 Ahmad, I. 2 Heinz, A. 2 Khoo, T.L. 2 Moore, E.F. 2 Mukherjee, G. 2,6 Wheldon, C. 7 Woehr, A. 8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Technology Development Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: School of Engineering, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK  5: Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  6: Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA  7: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK  8: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, p42; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, L.C.
T1  - The width of the <f>ξ</f>(2230) meson
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/03/14/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A lower bound of 135 MeV for the width of the <f>ξ</f> meson is obtained from analyzing the <f>pp</f> and <f>p¯p</f> interactions by use of Regge theory. The <f>pp</f> data exclude a narrow <f>ξ</f> as the latter would lead to <f>σp¯ptot</f> far exceeding the measured ones. The broad width explains why the <f>ξ</f> may not be seen in <f>p¯p</f> experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MESONS
KW  - REGGE theory
KW  - <f>J/ψ</f> radiative decay
KW  - Mesons
KW  - Regge theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7762571; Liu, L.C. 1; Email Address: liu@t2liu.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: T-16, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, p65; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: REGGE theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>J/ψ</f> radiative decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regge theory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Datta, Alakabha
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
AU  - O'Donnell, Patrick J.
T1  - Simple relations for two body <f>B</f> decays to charmonium and tests for <f>η</f>–<f>η′</f> mixing
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/03/14/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The two body decays of <f>Bd</f> and <f>Bs</f> decays into <f>J/ψM</f>, where <f>M</f> is a light meson, is studied under the very simple assumptions that the spectator quark does not play a role in the decay of the weak heavy quark or antiquark. This hypothesis leads to interesting relations between decay amplitudes. The assumption of <f>SU(3)</f> symmetry leads to additional relations between the decay amplitudes and in particular, the eight CP eigenstates <f>J/ψKS</f>, <f>J/ψη</f>, <f>J/ψη′</f> and <f>J/ψπ0</f> are all given in terms of three parameters. If agreement with experiment validates these assumptions the parameters over determined by the results will give information about the ratio of penguin to tree contributions to the “golden channel” <f>B0→J/ψKS</f> decay and will provide tests for the standard <f>η</f>–<f>η′</f> mixing, which assumes that this mixing is determined by a single mixing angle, as well as determine the value of the mixing angle. We also present tests of the standard <f>η</f>–<f>η′</f> mixing involving semileptonic <f>D</f> decays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - MESONS
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 7762576; Datta, Alakabha 1; Email Address: datta@lps.umontreal.ca Lipkin, Harry J. 2,3,4; Email Address: harry.lipkin@weizmann.ac.il O'Donnell, Patrick J. 5; Email Address: pat@medb.physics.utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire René J.-A. Lévesque, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada  2: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel  3: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel  4: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, p93; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaffe, R.L.
T1  - Delocalization of the axial charge in the chiral limit
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/03/14/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The nucleon''s axial vector charge, <f>gA</f>, becomes delocalized in the chiral limit. When <f>mπ=0</f>, and <f>SU(2)L×SU(2)R</f> is exact, <f>1/3</f> of the nucleon''s axial charge is to be found at infinite distance from the nucleon. For finite <f>mπ</f> this result is approached smoothly as <f>mπ→0</f>. We illustrate this effect by considering the lepton–proton spin–spin interaction arising from <f>Z0</f> exchange as a function of <f>mπ</f>. Delocalization may have implications for lattice calculations of <f>gA</f> and in nuclei. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 7762578; Jaffe, R.L. 1,2; Email Address: jaffe@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Theoretical Physics, Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, p105; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Y.J.
AU  - Wakimoto, S.
AU  - Shapiro, S.M.
AU  - Gehring, P.M.
AU  - Ramirez, A.P.
T1  - Neutron scattering study of antiferromagnetic order in CaCu3Ti4O12
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2002/03/14/
VL  - 121
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Magnetism in a single crystal CaCu3Ti4O12 has been studied using elastic and inelastic neutron scattering. We have measured the order parameter of the antiferromagnetic phase transition at <f>TN=24.1(1) K.</f> The observed magnetic structure can be consistently described by spins ordered collinearly along the crystallographic [111] direction. A spin wave mode of <f>ω=7.3(4) meV</f> has been observed and compared with a linear spin wave theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - A. Magnetically ordered materials
KW  - D. Phase transitions
KW  - D. Spin dynamics
KW  - E. Neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 7760912; Kim, Y.J. 1; Email Address: ykim@bnl.gov Wakimoto, S. 1,2 Shapiro, S.M. 1 Gehring, P.M. 3 Ramirez, A.P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Building 510B, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Physics and Center for Materials Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  3: NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20889, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 121 Issue 11, p625; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Magnetically ordered materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Spin dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Neutron scattering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mihalczo, J.T.
AU  - Lynn, J.J.
AU  - Taylor, J.R.
AU  - Hansen, G.E.
AU  - Pelowitz, D.B.
T1  - Delayed critical ORNL unreflected uranium (93.20) metal sphere and the pure unreflected uranium (93.80) sphere critical mass
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 29
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
SN  - 03064549
AB  - A spherical critical assembly of unreflected and unmoderated uranium (93.20 wt.% 235U) metal was assembled at the Oak Ridge Critical Experiments Facility in 1971. All the characteristics of this assembly are very accurately known; dimensions to ± 0.0001 in, masses to ± 0.01 g, isotopics, impurities, etc. Two spheres were assembled. The first was above delayed criticality and the second, after machining of the first, was slightly below delayed criticality. A variety of reactivity effects such as the influence of support structure, imperfections in the sphere, etc. were evaluated experimentally, where practical. The very accurate description of this sphere, as assembled, establishes it as an ideal benchmark for calculational methods and cross-section data files. In this regard, the accurate specification of one of these spheres for a Monte Carlo code input is included as an Appendix. In order to provide data for verification of one-dimensional, transport-theory calculations, these two spherical uranium metal assemblies were corrected to idealized spherical geometries. Either all imperfections in the sphere were evaluated experimentally or corrections were made based on previous measurements with GODIVA I at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The experimental configurations first were corrected to idealized spheres of pure uranium metal of the density and enrichment of these measurements. In order to compare the results of these experiments to the earlier idealized delayed critical sphere obtained from the GODIVA I experiments, these spheres were also corrected to an enrichment of 93.80 wt.% 235U and density of 18.750 g U/cm3 with no impurities. The estimates of the purely spherical critical masses of 93.20-wt.%-enriched uranium were 52,911±66 g (ρ=18.765 g U/cm3) from the slightly supercritical configuration, and 52,956±64 g (ρ=18.754 g U/cm3) from the slightly subcritical configuration. Correction to a pure uranium sphere of enrichment of 93.80 wt.% 235U and density of 18.750 g U/cm3 with no impurities yielded a critical mass of 52.42±0.07 kg which is in agreement with the value from the GODIVA I experiments, which is 52.30 ± 0.16 kg. The uncertainty in the pure uranium sphere mass from the Oak Ridge experiments is considerably less than that from the GODIVA I experiments because the Oak Ridge spheres were more spherical with less structural material in close proximity to the sphere. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Uranium
KW  - Nuclear physics
N1  - Accession Number: 7767387; Mihalczo, J.T. 1; Email Address: mihalczojt@ornl.gov; Lynn, J.J. 1; Taylor, J.R. 1; Hansen, G.E. 2; Pelowitz, D.B. 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6004, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 29 Issue 5, p525; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Subject Term: Nuclear physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoon, S.
AU  - Panov, A.G.
AU  - Tonkyn, R.G.
AU  - Ebeling, A.C.
AU  - Barlow, S.E.
AU  - Balmer, M.L.
T1  - An examination of the role of plasma treatment for lean NOx reduction over sodium zeolite Y and gamma alumina: Part 1. Plasma assisted NOx reduction over NaY and Al2O3
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 72
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 09205861
AB  - The role of plasma processing on NOx reduction over γ-alumina and a basic zeolite, NaY was examined. During the plasma treatment NO is oxidized to NO2 and propylene is partially oxidized to CO, CO2, acetaldehyde, and formaldehyde. With plasma treatment, NO as the NOx gas, and a NaY catalyst, the maximum NOx conversion was 70% between 180 and 230 °C. The activity decreased at higher and lower temperatures.As high as 80% NOx removal over gamma alumina was measured by a chemiluminescent NOx meter with plasma treatment and NO as the NOx gas.For both catalysts a simultaneous decrease in NOx and aldehydes concentrations was observed, which suggests that aldehyde may be important components for NOx reduction in plasma-treated exhaust. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CHEMILUMINESCENCE
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - Chemiluminescent
KW  - Compression ignition
KW  - Zeolite
N1  - Accession Number: 7778280; Yoon, S. 1 Panov, A.G. 1 Tonkyn, R.G. 1 Ebeling, A.C. 1 Barlow, S.E. 1 Balmer, M.L.; Email Address: balmer-millar_lou@cat.com; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 72 Issue 3/4, p243; Subject Term: CHEMILUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemiluminescent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compression ignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolite; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferenbaugh, J. K.
AU  - Fresquez, P. R.
AU  - Ebinger, M. H.
AU  - Gonzales, G. J.
AU  - Jordan, P. A.
T1  - Radionuclides in Soil and Water Near a Low-Level Disposal Site and Potential Ecological and Human Health Impacts.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 74
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 254
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Material Disposal Area G is the primary low-level radioactive waste disposal site at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, and is adjacent to Pueblo of San Ildefonso lands. Pueblo residents and Los Alamos scientists are concerned about radiological doses resulting from uptake of Area G radionuclides by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus), then consumption of deer and elk meat by humans. Tissue samples were collected from deer and elk accidentally killed near Area G and were analyzed for 3H, 90Sr, total U, 238Pu, 239, 240Pu, 241Am, and 137Cs. These data were used to estimate human doses based on meat consumption of 23 kg y-1. Human doses were also modeled using RESRAD, and dose rates to deer and elk were estimated with a screening model. Dose estimates to humans from tissue consumption were 2.9 × 10-3 mSv y-1 and 1.6 × 10-3 mSv y-1 from deer and elk, respectively, and RESRAD dose estimates were of the same order of magnitude. Estimated dose rates to deer and elk were 2.1 × 10-4 mGy d-1 and 4.7 × 10-4 mGy d-1, respectively. All estimated doses were significantly less than established exposure limits or guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Meat
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - Residents
KW  - Radiology
KW  - Consumption (Economics)
KW  - Am
KW  - contamination
KW  - Cs
KW  - dose
KW  - exposure
KW  - model
KW  - Pu
KW  - risk
KW  - Sr
KW  - translocation
KW  - U
N1  - Accession Number: 15605520; Ferenbaugh, J. K. 1; Fresquez, P. R. 1; Email Address: fresquez@lanl.gov; Ebinger, M. H. 2; Gonzales, G. J. 1; Jordan, P. A. 3; Affiliations: 1: ESH-20, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M887, Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 2: EES-15, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J495, Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 3: University of Minnesota, 200 Hodson Hall, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 74 Issue 3, p243; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Meat; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes; Subject Term: Residents; Subject Term: Radiology; Subject Term: Consumption (Economics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Am; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cs; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pu; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sr; Author-Supplied Keyword: translocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: U; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311613 Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413160 Red meat and meat product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 445210 Meat Markets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424470 Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carroll, Susan A.
AU  - Maxwell, Robert S.
AU  - Bourcier, William
AU  - Martin, Sue
AU  - Hulsey, Suzy
T1  - Evaluation of silica-water surface chemistry using NMR spectroscopy
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
SN  - 00167037
AB  - We have combined traditional batch and flow-through dissolution experiments, multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and surface complexation modeling to re-evaluate amorphous silica reactivity as a function of solution pH and reaction affinity in NaCl and CsCl solutions. The NMR data suggest that changes in surface speciation are driven by solution pH and to a lesser extent alkali concentrations, and not by reaction time or saturation state. The 29Si cross-polarization NMR results show that the concentration of silanol surface complexes decreases with increasing pH, suggesting that silanol sites polymerize to form siloxane bonds with increasing pH. Increases in silica surface charge are offset by sorption of alkali cations to ionized sites with increasing pH. It is the increase in these ionized sites that appears to control silica polymorph dissolution rates as a function of pH. The 23Na and 133Cs NMR results show that the alkali cations form outersphere surface complexes and that the concentration of these complexes increases with increasing pH. Changes in surface chemistry cannot explain decreases in dissolution rates as amorphous silica saturation is approached. We find no evidence for repolymerization of the silanol surface complexes to siloxane complexes at longer reaction times and constant pH. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7763915; Carroll, Susan A. 1; Email Address: carroll6@llnl.gov Maxwell, Robert S. 2 Bourcier, William 1 Martin, Sue 1 Hulsey, Suzy 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 66 Issue 6, p913; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Feng
AU  - Hickner, Michael
AU  - Kim, Yu Seung
AU  - Zawodzinski, Thomas A.
AU  - McGrath, James E.
T1  - Direct polymerization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers: candidates for new proton exchange membranes
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 197
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 03767388
AB  - Novel biphenol-based wholly aromatic poly(arylene ether sulfone)s containing up to two pendant sulfonate groups per repeat unit were prepared by potassium carbonate mediated direct aromatic nucleophilic substitution polycondensation of disodium 3,3′-disulfonate-4,4′-dichlorodiphenylsulfone (SDCDPS), 4,4′-dichlorodiphenylsulfone (DCDPS) and 4,4′-biphenol. Copolymerization proceeded quantitatively to high molecular weight in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone at 190 °C. Tough membranes with a SDCDPS/DCDPS mole ratio up to 60:40 were successfully cast using N,N-dimethylactamide. An increase of sulfonate groups in the copolymer resulted in increased glass transition temperature, enhanced membrane hydrophilicity, and intrinsic viscosity; the 100% SDCDPS homopolymer was water soluble. The acid form membranes were successfully obtained by treating the sodium form of the membranes with dilute sulfuric acid solution. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the sodium form materials have enhanced thermal stability relative to the acid form, as expected. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) phase images of the acid form membranes clearly show the hydrophilic domains, with sizes increasing from 10 to 25 nm as a function of the degree of sulfonation. A phase inversion could be observed for the 60% SCSDPS copolymer, which was consistent with a rapid increase in water absorption. Short-term aging (30 min) indicates that the desired acid form membranes are stable to 220 °C in air and conductivity values at 30 °C of 0.11 S/cm (SDCDPS/<F>DCDPS=0.4</F>) and 0.17 S/cm (SDCDPS/<F>DCDPS=0.6</F>) were measured, which are comparable to or higher than the state-of-the-art fluorinated copolymer Nafion 1135 control (0.12 S/cm). The conductivity is greatly influenced by ion exchange capacity, temperature, and water activity. The new copolymers, which contain ion conductivity sites on the deactivated positions of the aryl backbone rings, are candidates as new polymeric electrolyte materials for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - ION-permeable membranes
KW  - SULFONATES
KW  - Nafion 1135
KW  - Polymerization
KW  - Proton exchange membrane
N1  - Accession Number: 7747365; Wang, Feng 1 Hickner, Michael 1 Kim, Yu Seung 1 Zawodzinski, Thomas A. 2 McGrath, James E. 1; Email Address: jmcgrath@vt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-11, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 197 Issue 1/2, p231; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Subject Term: ION-permeable membranes; Subject Term: SULFONATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nafion 1135; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton exchange membrane; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Iver E.
AU  - Terpstra, Robert L.
T1  - <atl>Progress toward gas atomization processing with increased uniformity and control
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 326
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Many advanced technologies based on particulate materials demand the availability of fine spherical powders or spherical powders of a narrow particle size class. Generally, high-pressure gas atomization (HPGA) is a close-coupled discrete jet atomization method and is one of the most effective methods of producing such powders. Development of HPGA nozzles with discrete jets resembling convergent–divergent (C–D) rocket nozzle designs, instead of the previous cylindrical jets, was conducted to increase atomization efficiency and uniformity and to reduce the required gas supply pressures. Results of compressible gas flow measurements on both types of HPGA nozzles revealed a steadily increasing trend of gas mass flow with gas supply pressure and a positive deviation from isentropic behavior that increases for increasing supply pressure. This has been attributed to an insufficient volume in the atomization nozzle gas manifold that experiences enhanced expansion cooling at increasing pressures. In experiments on 316L stainless steel, the atomization efficiency of the HPGA nozzle with C–D jets was higher than that of the HPGA nozzle with cylindrical jets, reflecting a lower gas/metal mass flow ratio. In other words, while the powder size distributions were nearly the same for all of the HPGA experiments, the HPGA nozzle with C–D jets utilized atomization gas with a significantly reduced operating pressure and mass flow rate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - METAL powders
KW  - Control
KW  - Gas atomization processing
KW  - Uniformity
N1  - Accession Number: 7753683; Anderson, Iver E.; Email Address: andersoni@ameslab.gov Terpstra, Robert L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 326 Issue 1, p101; Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: METAL powders; Author-Supplied Keyword: Control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas atomization processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uniformity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331492 Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biefeld, Robert M.
T1  - The metal-organic chemical vapor deposition and properties of III–V antimony-based semiconductor materials
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: R
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: R
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 0927796X
AB  - This article comprehensively reviews the growth of III–V antimony-based semiconductor materials using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). It does this by first discussing the general trends found for the growth of these materials. Next the specific growth techniques are discussed for each of the antimony-based systems including the binaries InSb, GaSb, and AlSb. The growth techniques used for many of the ternaries and quaternaries of these materials are also discussed. Following this a brief description of the use of dopants, novel organometallic sources and superlattices is presented. Next, the use of common characterization techniques is presented for different types of materials. A variety of the types of devices is then presented followed by a short summary and forecast of future directions that are currently being pursued in these materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: R is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ANTIMONY
KW  - Antimonides
KW  - III–V semiconductors
KW  - Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - MOCVD
N1  - Accession Number: 7765928; Biefeld, Robert M. 1; Email Address: rmbiefe@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 01126/MS 0601, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0601, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p105; Subject Term: METAL organic chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ANTIMONY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antimonides; Author-Supplied Keyword: III–V semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOCVD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 38p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abramson, G.
AU  - Kenkre, V.M.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Analytic solutions for nonlinear waves in coupled reacting systems
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 305
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 03784371
AB  - We analyze a system of reacting elements harmonically coupled to nearest neighbors in the continuum limit. An analytic solution is found for traveling waves. The procedure is used to find oscillatory as well as solitary waves. A comparison is made between exact solutions and solutions of the piecewise linearized system, showing how the linearization affects the amplitude and frequency of the solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR waves
KW  - REACTION-diffusion equations
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - PATTERN formation (Physical sciences)
KW  - Pattern formation
KW  - Reaction-diffusion
KW  - Solitons
N1  - Accession Number: 7769476; Abramson, G. 1; Email Address: abramson@cab.cnea.gov.ar Kenkre, V.M. 1 Bishop, A.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Advanced Studies, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 305 Issue 3/4, p427; Subject Term: NONLINEAR waves; Subject Term: REACTION-diffusion equations; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: PATTERN formation (Physical sciences); Author-Supplied Keyword: Pattern formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction-diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solitons; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suderow, H.
AU  - Crespo, M.
AU  - Martinez-Samper, P.
AU  - Rodrigo, J.G.
AU  - Rubio-Bollinger, G.
AU  - Vieira, S.
AU  - Luchier, N.
AU  - Brison, J.P.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy at very low temperatures
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 106
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We discuss recent results and advances in very low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy in superconductors, focusing on the experimental developments that have permitted to extend the present applications of this technique to new materials. We detail the experimental apparatus used and discuss the results and the future possibilities of S–I–S tunneling using a superconducting tip and sample. Further on, we present results on the superconductivity of single grains of MgB2 and compare them with other works. We also discuss recent data on the borocarbide material TmNi2B2C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8799630; Suderow, H. 1,2; Email Address: hermann.suderow@uam.es Crespo, M. 1,2 Martinez-Samper, P. 1,2 Rodrigo, J.G. 1,2 Rubio-Bollinger, G. 1,2 Vieira, S. 1,2 Luchier, N. 3 Brison, J.P. 3 Canfield, P.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas, Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain  2: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas, Campus de Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain  3: Centre des Recherches sur les Tres Basses Temperatures, CNRS, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France  4: Ames Laboratory, Departament of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 369 Issue 1-4, p106; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nyhus, J.
AU  - Thisted, U.
AU  - Kikugawa, N.
AU  - Suzuki, T.
AU  - Fossheim, K.
T1  - Elastic and specific heat critical properties of La<f>1.85</f>Sr<f>0.15</f>CuO<f>4</f>
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Using a continuous wave resonant ultrasonic technique we have made elastic measurements on single crystalline La<f>1.85</f>Sr<f>0.15</f>CuO<f>4</f>. Our measurements of <f>c33</f> show a sharp minimum at <f>Tc</f> of the superconducting transition. The variation of the elastic constant is thermodynamically related to both the heat capacity and thermal expansion. A comparison of our measurements of the peak in heat capacity and the minimum of the elastic constant shows strong similarities, both for the zero field and field (<f>||c</f>) measurements. Analysis of the data also appear to be consistent with 3D-XY scaling. By variation of the ultrasonic frequency, we observe that the softening near <f>Tc</f> is frequency dependent, and decreasing with increasing frequency. This behavior is to be expected when probing the critical dynamics of spacial fluctuation of the order parameter, for example spontaneously generated vortex loops in the vicinity of <f>Tc</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - Elastic properties
KW  - La<f>1.85</f>Sr<f>0.15</f>CuO<f>4</f>
KW  - Specific heat properties
N1  - Accession Number: 8799660; Nyhus, J. 1 Thisted, U. 1; Email Address: ulrik.thisted@phys.ntnu.no Kikugawa, N. 2,3 Suzuki, T. 2 Fossheim, K. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway  2: Department of Quantum Matter, ADSM, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan  3: Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 369 Issue 1-4, p273; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: La<f>1.85</f>Sr<f>0.15</f>CuO<f>4</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat properties; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alamo, R.G.
AU  - Blanco, J.A.
AU  - Carrilero, I.
AU  - Fu, R.
T1  - Measurement of the 13C spin–lattice relaxation time of the non-crystalline regions of semicrystalline polymers by a cp MAS-based method
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2002/03/15/
VL  - 43
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1857
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The non-crystalline 13C spin–lattice relaxation times of atactic and isotactic polypropylene and those of an ethylene–1-octene copolymer of low crystallinity have been measured by classical inversion and saturation recovery methods as well as by a cp MAS-based pulse sequence. The latter is a saturation recovery-type sequence that involves cross-polarization. It samples preferentially the soft non-crystalline regions of semicrystalline polymers. The method is found to be useful in determining T1C of the amorphous regions of semicrystalline iPP at room temperature. It is found that the atactic PP molecule and the non-crystalline iPP regions have the same average segmental relaxation rate. The T1C of some of the carbons investigated was <T1H and the experimental recovery curves showed complex exponential behavior from the contribution of a transient nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) to the 13C magnetization. Moreover, the experimental data were fitted with a double exponential function obtained from solving the Solomon equations. The fitting leads to T1C in very good agreement with the values obtained by classical inversion or saturation recovery sequences. The same T1C value was obtained with the cp-based sequence when transient NOEs were eliminated by saturation of the proton magnetization during the delay period. The hexyl branches of the ethylene copolymer lead to an increased average backbone C–C intermolecular distance in the non-crystalline regions compared to those of the linear polyethylene chain and, thus, to a higher backbone methylene segmental mobility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLINE polymers
KW  - CARBON
KW  - Isotactic polypropylene
KW  - NMR in solids
KW  - Spin–lattice relaxation
N1  - Accession Number: 7741238; Alamo, R.G. 1; Email Address: alamo@eng.fsu.edu Blanco, J.A. 1 Carrilero, I. 1 Fu, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University and Florida State University College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, FL 32310-6046, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Center for Indisciplinary Magnetic Resonance (CIMAR), 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 43 Issue 6, p1857; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE polymers; Subject Term: CARBON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotactic polypropylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR in solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin–lattice relaxation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carena, M.
AU  - Ellis, J.
AU  - Pilaftsis, A.
AU  - Wagner, C.E.M.
T1  - <atl>Higgs-boson pole masses in the MSSM with explicit CP violation
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/03/18/
VL  - 625
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Extending previous results obtained in the effective-potential approach, we derive analytic expressions for the pole masses of the charged and neutral Higgs bosons in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with explicit CP violation. In such a minimal supersymmetric model, the CP invariance of the Higgs potential is explicitly broken by quantum effects dominated by third-generation squarks at the one-loop level and by one-loop gluino- and higgsino-mediated threshold corrections to the top- and bottom-quark Yukawa couplings at the two-loop level. Field-theoretic issues arising in the description of a two-level Higgs-boson system strongly mixed due to CP violation are addressed. Numerical results for the pole masses of the CP-violating Higgs bosons are presented, and comparisons are made with previous results obtained in the effective-potential approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - 12.60.Jv
KW  - 14.80.Cp
N1  - Accession Number: 7757248; Carena, M. 1 Ellis, J. 2 Pilaftsis, A. 3; Email Address: pilaftsi@theory.ph.man.ac.uk Wagner, C.E.M. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom  4: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Lab., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 625 Issue 1/2, p345; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.80.Cp; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamato, Kazuhiro
AU  - Bartsch, Richard A.
AU  - Dietz, Mark L.
AU  - Rogers, Robin D.
T1  - Improved stereospecific synthesis of the trans-isomers of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 and the solid-state structure of the trans–syn–trans-isomer
JO  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
JF  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/03/18/
VL  - 43
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2153
SN  - 00404039
AB  - The two trans stereoisomers of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 are synthesized by a two-step method from cyclohexene oxide and the solid-state structure of the trans–syn–trans isomer is determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEREOISOMERS
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - CYCLOHEXANE
KW  - crown ether
KW  - stereospecific synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7760924; Yamato, Kazuhiro 1 Bartsch, Richard A. 1; Email Address: richard.bartsch@ttu.edu Dietz, Mark L. 2 Rogers, Robin D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4831, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 43 Issue 12, p2153; Subject Term: STEREOISOMERS; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Subject Term: CYCLOHEXANE; Author-Supplied Keyword: crown ether; Author-Supplied Keyword: stereospecific synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welm, Bryan
AU  - Mott, Joni
AU  - Werb, Zena
T1  - Developmental Biology: Vasculogenesis is a Wreck Without RECK
JO  - Current Biology
JF  - Current Biology
Y1  - 2002/03/19/
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - R209
SN  - 09609822
AB  - The unique membrane-associated inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, RECK, is required for vascular maturation during embryogenesis. The phenotype of a loss of function mutation of RECK shows the importance of pericellular proteolysis in development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Biology is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLOPROTEINASES
KW  - SOMATIC embryogenesis
KW  - PROTEOLYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 7774039; Welm, Bryan 1; Email Address: bwelm@itsa.ucsf.edu Mott, Joni 2 Werb, Zena 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452 USA  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 12 Issue 6, pR209; Subject Term: METALLOPROTEINASES; Subject Term: SOMATIC embryogenesis; Subject Term: PROTEOLYSIS; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kelley, Stephen S.
AU  - Jellison, Jody
AU  - Goodell, Barry
T1  - Use of NIR and pyrolysis-MBMS coupled with multivariate analysis for detecting the chemical changes associated with brown-rot biodegradation of spruce wood
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Letters
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Letters
Y1  - 2002/03/19/
VL  - 209
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 03781097
AB  - Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry (py-MBMS) analysis can be used in conjunction with multivariate regression and principal components analysis to differentiate brown-rot-degraded wood from non-degraded spruce and to follow the temporal changes in wood undergoing brown-rot degradation. Regression of NIR test results vs. percent weight loss for Postia placenta- and Gloeophyllum trabeum-infected spruce wood blocks yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.96. Regression of MBMS test results for the same samples yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.96. Principle components analysis was used to differentiate non-infected wood and P. placenta- and G. trabeum-infected wood. These techniques may be used to detect different types of biodegradation and to develop a better understanding of the chemical changes that the wood undergoes when it is subjected to brown-rot biodegradation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Letters is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Brown rot
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Near infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Gloeophyllum trabeum
KW  - Near infrared
KW  - Postia placenta
KW  - Pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry
KW  - Wood decay
N1  - Accession Number: 7801754; Kelley, Stephen S. 1; Email Address: steve_kelley@nrel.gov; Jellison, Jody 2; Goodell, Barry 3; Affiliations: 1: National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; 2: Biological Sciences Department, 160 Hitchner Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA; 3: Wood Science and Technology, 5755 Nutting Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5755, USA; Issue Info: Mar2002, Vol. 209 Issue 1, p103; Thesaurus Term: Brown rot; Thesaurus Term: Mass spectrometry; Subject Term: Near infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gloeophyllum trabeum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Near infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Postia placenta; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wood decay; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albrow, M.
AU  - Aota, S.
AU  - Apollinari, G.
AU  - Asakawa, T.
AU  - Bailey, M.
AU  - de Barbaro, P.
AU  - Barnes, V.
AU  - Biery, K.
AU  - Bodek, A.
AU  - Breccia, L.
AU  - Brunetti, R.
AU  - Budd, H.
AU  - Cauz, D.
AU  - Demortier, L.
AU  - Fiori, I.
AU  - Frautschi, M.
AU  - Fukui, Y.
AU  - Ganel, O.
AU  - Gotra, Y.
AU  - Hahn, S.
T1  - The CDF plug upgrade electromagnetic calorimeter: test beam results
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03/21/
VL  - 480
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 524
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The CDF Plug Upgrade calorimeter, which fully exploits the tile–fiber technique, was tested at the Fermilab meson beamline. The calorimeter was exposed to positron, positively charged pion and positive muon beams with energies in the range of 5–<f>230 GeV</f>. The energy resolution of the electromagnetic calorimeter to the positron beam is consistent with the design value of <f>16%/√ of <RCD>E</RCD>⊕1%</f>, where <f>E</f> is the energy in units of GeV and <f>⊕</f> represents sum in quadrature. The non-linearity for positrons is studied in an energy range of 11–<f>181 GeV</f>. It is important to incorporate the response of the preshower detector, the first layer of the electromagnetic calorimeter which is readout separately, into that of the calorimeter to reduce the non-linearity to 1% or less. The energy scale is about <f>1.46 pC/GeV</f> with HAMAMATSU R4125 operated typically at a gain of <f>2.5×104</f>. The response non-uniformity over the surface of a tower of the electromagnetic calorimeter is found to be about 2% with <f>57 GeV</f> positrons. Studies of several detailed detector characteristics are also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - POSITRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 7773071; Albrow, M. 1 Aota, S. 2 Apollinari, G. 3 Asakawa, T. 2 Bailey, M. 4 de Barbaro, P. 5 Barnes, V. 6 Biery, K. 1 Bodek, A. 5 Breccia, L. 7 Brunetti, R. 7 Budd, H. 5 Cauz, D. 8 Demortier, L. 3 Fiori, I. 7 Frautschi, M. 9 Fukui, Y. 10 Ganel, O. 9 Gotra, Y. 11 Hahn, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-oudai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305, Japan  3: Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA  4: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  5: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  6: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  7: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, University of Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy  8: Universita di Udine e Sezione INFN di Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy  9: Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA  10: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan  11: Universita di Padova, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 480 Issue 2/3, p524; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: POSITRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borzakov, S.B.
AU  - Chrien, R.E.
AU  - Faikow-Stanczyk, H.
AU  - Grigoriev, Yu.V.
AU  - Panteleev, Ts.Ts.
AU  - Pospisil, S.
AU  - Smotritsky, L.M.
AU  - Telezhnikov, S.A.
T1  - An accurate redetermination of the 118Sn binding energy
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03/21/
VL  - 480
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 696
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The energy of well-known strong γ line from 198Au, the “gold standard”, has been modified in the light of new adjustments in the fundamental constants and the value of 411.80176(12) keV was determined, which is 0.29 eV lower than the latest 1999 value. An energy calibration procedure for determining the neutron binding energy, <f>Bn</f>, from complicated (n, γ) spectra has been developed. A mathematically simple minimization function consisting only of terms having as parameters the coefficients of the energy calibration curve (polynomial) is used. A priori information about the relationships among the energies of different peaks on the spectrum is taken into account by a Monte-Carlo simulation. The procedure was used in obtaining <f>Bn</f> for 118Sn. The γ-ray spectrum from thermal neutron radiative capture by 117Sn has been measured on the IBR-2 pulsed reactor. γ-rays were detected by a 72 cm3 HPGe detector. For a better determination of <f>Bn</f> it was important to determine <f>Bn</f> for 64Cu. This value was obtained from two γ-spectra. One spectrum was measured on the IBR-2 by the same detector. The other spectrum was measured with a pair spectrometer at the Brookhaven High Flux Beam Reactor. From these two spectra, <f>Bn</f> for 64Cu was determined to be equal to 7915.52(8) keV. This result essentially differs from the previous value of 7915.96(11) keV. The mean value of the two most precise results of the <f>Bn</f> for 118Sn, was determined to be 9326.35(9) keV. The <f>Bn</f> for 57Fe was determined to be 7646.08(9) keV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - 118Sn, 64Cu deduced binding energies
KW  - Enriched targets
KW  - HPGe detector
KW  - Nuclear Reactions: 117Sn, 63Cu(n, γ), E=reactor, Measured γ-spectra
KW  - Pair spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 7773086; Borzakov, S.B. 1 Chrien, R.E. 2 Faikow-Stanczyk, H. 1 Grigoriev, Yu.V. 3 Panteleev, Ts.Ts. 1 Pospisil, S. 4 Smotritsky, L.M. 5 Telezhnikov, S.A. 1; Email Address: telezhni@nf.jinr.ru; Affiliation:  1: Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, JINR, 141 980 Dubna, Moscow reg., Russia  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  3: Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia  4: Department of Physics, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University, Brehova 7, 11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic  5: B.P. Konstantinov St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 480 Issue 2/3, p696; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: BINDING energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: 118Sn, 64Cu deduced binding energies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enriched targets; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPGe detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear Reactions: 117Sn, 63Cu(n, γ), E=reactor, Measured γ-spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pair spectrometer; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O’Connor, Paul
AU  - De Geronimo, Gianluigi
T1  - Prospects for charge sensitive amplifiers in scaled CMOS
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03/21/
VL  - 480
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 713
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Due to its low cost and flexibility for custom design, monolithic CMOS technology is being increasingly employed in charge preamplifiers across a broad range of applications, including both scientific research and commercial products. The associated detectors have capacitances ranging from a few tens of fF to several hundred pF. Applications call for pulse shaping from tens of ns to tens of μs, and constrain the available power per channel from tens of μW to tens of mW. At the same time a new technology generation, with changed device parameters, appears every 2 years or so. The optimum design of the front-end circuitry is examined taking into account submicron device characteristics, weak inversion operation, the reset system, and power supply scaling. Experimental results from recent prototypes will be presented. We will also discuss the evolution of preamplifier topologies and anticipated performance limits as CMOS technology scales down to the 0.1 μm/1.0 V generation in 2006. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - Charge sensitive amplifier
KW  - CMOS scaling
N1  - Accession Number: 7773088; O’Connor, Paul; Email Address: poc@bnl.gov De Geronimo, Gianluigi 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Instrumentation Division, Bldg 535B, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 480 Issue 2/3, p713; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge sensitive amplifier; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMOS scaling; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Orion, I.
AU  - Wielopolski, L.
T1  - Limitations in the PHOTON Monte Carlo gamma transport code
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03/21/
VL  - 480
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 729
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Three Monte Carlo gamma transport codes, MCNP, EGS, PHOTON, differ in the degree of difficulty in implementing them for calculation and in the requirements for the input file. Differences in the results were discovered when evaluating the same case using these three transport codes. These differences that are energy dependent are presented here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray sources
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 7773090; Orion, I. 1 Wielopolski, L. 2; Email Address: lwielo@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Applied Science, Bldg. 490/D, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 480 Issue 2/3, p729; Subject Term: GAMMA ray sources; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, S.-C.
AU  - Donangelo, R.
AU  - Rasmussen, J.O.
AU  - Daniel, A.V.
AU  - Hwang, J.K.
AU  - Ramayya, A.V.
AU  - Hamilton, J.H.
T1  - Resolution of complex <f>γ</f> spectra from triple-coincidence data: Ba–Mo split in <f>252Cf</f> spontaneous fission
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/03/21/
VL  - 480
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 776
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Using triple-coincidence events of prompt fission <f>γ</f> rays from spontaneous fission of <f>252Cf</f>, we made a new analysis of the yield matrix of coincident pairs of barium <f>(Z=56)</f> and molybdenum <f>(Z=42)</f> fission fragments. Branching from <f>γ</f>-bands <f>(K=2)</f> and octupole-bands <f>(K=0)</f> were also measured. From this reanalysis the previously proposed “extra-hot-fission mode” (8–10 neutrons evaporated) is much weaker than first reported. In this paper, we discuss in detail the methodology, including background subtraction for triple-coincidence data. The importance of minimal compression spectra allowing least-squares peak-fitting analysis is emphasized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - SPONTANEOUS fission
KW  - GAMMASPHERE
KW  - Gamma spectra
KW  - Gammasphere
KW  - Neutron multiplicity
KW  - Spontaneous fission
N1  - Accession Number: 7773096; Wu, S.-C. 1 Donangelo, R. 2 Rasmussen, J.O. 3; Email Address: jorasmussen@lbl.gov Daniel, A.V. 4 Hwang, J.K. 4 Ramayya, A.V. 4 Hamilton, J.H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan  2: Instituto de Fısica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68528, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 50A-1148 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, India; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 480 Issue 2/3, p776; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: SPONTANEOUS fission; Subject Term: GAMMASPHERE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gammasphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron multiplicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spontaneous fission; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kam, S.I.
AU  - Gauglitz, P.A.
AU  - Rossen, W.R.
T1  - The yield stress of foamy sands
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2002/03/26/
VL  - 202
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 09277757
AB  - The yield stress of a mixture of foam and solids, or foamy sand, was investigated theoretically using a two-dimensional (2-D) periodic model. The range of solid fractions considered ranged from about 40 to 68%. The yield stress of a foamy sand increases with gas fraction at a given solid fraction and increases with solid fraction at a given gas fraction. At a fixed fraction of solid plus gas, yield stress is relatively insensitive to gas or solid fraction alone. There exists a maximum liquid fraction above which the yield stress disappears. These trends agree with those reported for foamy sands encountered in tunneling through soft sediments and proppant-laden fracturing fluids used in the petroleum industry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - FOAM
KW  - SAND
KW  - HYDRAULIC fracturing
KW  - Foam
KW  - Foamy sand
KW  - Fracturing fluid
KW  - Proppant
KW  - Yield stress
N1  - Accession Number: 7761776; Kam, S.I. 1 Gauglitz, P.A. 2 Rossen, W.R. 1; Email Address: wrossen@mail.utexas.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1061, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 202 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: FOAM; Subject Term: SAND; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC fracturing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foamy sand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracturing fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proppant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield stress; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423320 Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212321 Construction Sand and Gravel Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vega, E.
AU  - Reyes, E.
AU  - Sánchez, G.
AU  - Ortiz, E.
AU  - Ruiz, M.
AU  - Chow, J.
AU  - Watson, J.
AU  - Edgerton, S.
T1  - Basic statistics of PM2.5 and PM10 in the atmosphere of Mexico City
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2002/03/27/
VL  - 287
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00489697
AB  - The high levels of fine particulate matter in Mexico City are of concern since they may induce severe public health effects as well as the attenuation of visible light. Sequential filter samplers were used at six different sites from 23 February to 22 March 1997. The sampling campaign was carried out as part of the project ‘Investigacio´n sobre Materia Particulada y Deterioro Atmosfe´rico-Aerosol and Visibility Evaluation Research’. This research was a cooperative project sponsored by PEMEX and by the US Department of Energy. Sampling sites represent the different land uses along the city, the northwest station, Tlalnepantla, is located in a mixed medium income residential and industrial area. The northeast station, Xalostoc, is located in a highly industrialized area, Netzahualcoyotl is located in a mixed land use area, mainly commercial and residential. Station La Merced is located in the commercial and administrative district downtown. The southwest station is located in the Pedregal de San Angel, in a high-income neighborhood, and the southeast station located in Cerro de la Estrella is a mixed medium income residential and commercial area. Samples were collected four times a day in Cerro de la Estrella (CES), La Merced (MER) and Xalostoc (XAL) with sampling periods of 6 h. In Pedregal (PED), Tlalnepantla (TLA) and Netzahualcoyotl (NEZ) sampling periods were every 24 h. In this paper the basic statistics of PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations are presented. The average results showed that 49, 61, 46, 57, 51 and 44% of the PM10 consisted of PM2.5 for CES, MER, XAL, PED, TLA and NEZ, respectively. The 24-h average highest concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were registered at NEZ (184 and 267 μg/m3) and the lowest at PED (22 and 39 μg/m3). The highest PM10 correlations were between XAL-CES (0.79), PED-TLA (0.80). In contrast, the highest PM2.5 correlations were between CES-PED (0.74), MER-CES (0.73) and TLA-PED (0.72), showing a lower correlation than the PM10 one. The results of the PM10 from 12.00 to 18.00 h at CES and MER presented the highest variability and also the highest median concentrations, meanwhile XAL showed them from 06.00 to 12.00 h. The highest variability and median concentrations of PM2.5 were from 06.00 to 12.00 h for the three stations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - Data management
KW  - Mexico City
KW  - Particulate matter
KW  - Particulate matter measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 7765316; Vega, E. 1; Email Address: evega@imp.mx Reyes, E. 1 Sánchez, G. 1 Ortiz, E. 1 Ruiz, M. 1 Chow, J. 2 Watson, J. 2 Edgerton, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Núm. 152, Col. San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero 07730, México, D.F., Mexico  2: Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512-1095, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 287 Issue 3, p167; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico City; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate matter measurements; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chow, Judith C.
AU  - Watson, John G.
AU  - Edgerton, Sylvia A.
AU  - Vega, Elizabeth
T1  - Chemical composition of PM2.5 and PM10 in Mexico City during winter 1997
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2002/03/27/
VL  - 287
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 00489697
AB  - PM2.5 and PM10 were measured over 24-h intervals at six core sites and at 25 satellite sites in and around Mexico City from 23 February to 22 March 1997. In addition, four 6-h samples were taken each day at three of the core sites. Sampling locations were selected to represent regional, central city, commercial, residential, and industrial portions of the city. Mass and light transmission concentrations were determined on all of the samples, while elements, ions and carbon were measured on approximately two-thirds of the samples. PM10 concentrations were highly variable, with almost three-fold differences between the highest and lowest concentrations. Fugitive dust was the major cause of PM10 differences, although carbon concentrations were also highly variable among the sampling sites. Approximately 50% of PM10 was in the PM2.5 fraction. The majority of PM mass was comprised of carbon, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium and crustal components, but in different proportions on different days and at different sites. The largest fine-particle components were carbonaceous aerosols, constituting ∼50% of PM2.5 mass, followed by ∼30% secondary inorganic aerosols and ∼15% geological material. Geological material is the largest component of PM10, constituting ∼50% of PM10 mass, followed by ∼32% carbonaceous aerosols and ∼17% secondary inorganic aerosols. Sulfate concentrations were twice as high as nitrate concentrations. Sulfate and nitrate were present as ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate. Approximately two-thirds of the ammonium sulfate measured in urban areas appears to have been transported from regions outside of the study domain, rather than formed from emissions in the urban area. Diurnal variations are apparent, with two-fold increases in concentration from night-time to daytime. Morning samples had the highest PM2.5 and PM10 mass, secondary inorganic aerosols and carbon concentrations, probably due to a shallow surface inversion and rush-hour traffic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - CORE
KW  - Mexico City
KW  - PM10
KW  - PM2.5
KW  - Satellite sites
N1  - Accession Number: 7765317; Chow, Judith C. 1; Email Address: judyc@dri.edu Watson, John G. 1 Edgerton, Sylvia A. 2 Vega, Elizabeth 3; Affiliation:  1: Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA  2: Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA  3: Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 287 Issue 3, p177; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: CORE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico City; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM10; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM2.5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Satellite sites; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsu, Hsin-Ling
AU  - Yannone, Steven M.
AU  - Chen, David J.
T1  - Defining interactions between DNA-PK and ligase IV/XRCC4
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2002/03/28/
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 15687864
AB  - Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a major pathway for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in mammalian cells. DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), ligase IV, and XRCC4 are all critical components of the NHEJ repair pathway. DNA-PK is composed of a heterodimeric DNA-binding component, Ku, and a large catalytic subunit, DNA-PKcs. Ligase IV and XRCC4 associate to form a multimeric complex that is also essential for NHEJ. DNA-PK and ligase IV/XRCC4 interact at DNA termini which results in stimulated ligase activity. Here, we define interactions between the components of these two essential complexes, DNA-PK and ligase IV/XRCC4. We find that ligase IV/XRCC4 associates with DNA-PK in a DNA-independent manner. The specific protein–protein interactions that mediate the interaction between these two complexes are further identified. Direct interactions between ligase IV and Ku as well as between XRCC4 and DNA-PKcs are shown. In contrast, binding of ligase IV to DNA-PKcs or XRCC4 to Ku is very weak or non-existent. Our data defines the specific protein pairs involved in the association of DNA-PK and ligase IV/XRCC4, and suggests a molecular mechanism for coordinating the assembly of the DNA repair complex at DNA breaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - LIGASES
KW  - DNA double-strand breaks
KW  - DNA-PK
KW  - Ku
KW  - Ligase IV/XRCC4
KW  - Non-homologous end joining
N1  - Accession Number: 7763863; Hsu, Hsin-Ling 1 Yannone, Steven M. 1 Chen, David J.; Email Address: djchen@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p225; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: LIGASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA double-strand breaks; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-PK; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ku; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ligase IV/XRCC4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-homologous end joining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diaz-Cruz, J.L.
AU  - He, Hong-Jian
AU  - Yuan, C.-P.
T1  - Soft supersymmetry breaking, scalar top-charm mixing and Higgs signatures
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/03/28/
VL  - 530
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The squark mass-matrix from the soft supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking sector contains a rich flavor-mixing structure that allows <f>O(1)</f> mixings among top- and charm-squarks while being consistent with all the existing theoretical and experimental bounds. We formulate a minimal flavor-changing-neutral current scheme in which the squark mixings arise from the non-diagonal scalar trilinear interactions. This feature can be realized in a class of new models with a horizontal <f>U(1)H</f> symmetry which generates realistic quark-mass matrices and provides a solution to the SUSY <f>μ</f>-problem. Finally, without using the mass-insertion approximation, we analyze SUSY radiative corrections to the <f>H±bc</f> and <f>h0tc</f> couplings, and show that these couplings can reveal exciting new discovery channels for the Higgs boson signals at the Tevatron and the LHC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - 12.60.-i
N1  - Accession Number: 7773153; Diaz-Cruz, J.L. 1 He, Hong-Jian 2; Email Address: hjhe@physics.utexas.edu Yuan, C.-P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 92710, USA  2: The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA  3: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 530 Issue 1-4, p179; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.-i; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Chao-Shang
AU  - Jiang, Jing
AU  - Li, Tianjun
AU  - Liao, Wei
T1  - <f>N=2</f> 6-dimensional supersymmetric <f>E6</f> breaking
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/03/28/
VL  - 530
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 218
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We study the <f>N=2</f> supersymmetric <f>E6</f> models on the 6-dimensional space–time where the supersymmetry and gauge symmetry can be broken by the discrete symmetry. On the space–time <f>M4×S1/(Z2×Z2′)×S1/(Z2×Z2′)</f>, for the zero modes, we obtain the 4-dimensional <f>N=1</f> supersymmetric models with gauge groups <f>SU(3)×SU(2)×SU(2)×U(1)2</f>, <f>SU(4)×SU(2)×SU(2)×U(1)</f>, and <f>SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1)3</f> with one extra pair of Higgs doublets from the vector multiplet. In addition, considering that the extra space manifold is the annulus <f>A2</f> and disc <f>D2</f>, we list all the constraints on constructing the 4-dimensional <f>N=1</f> supersymmetric <f>SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1)3</f> models for the zero modes, and give the simplest model with <f>Z9</f> symmetry. We also comment on the extra gauge symmetry breaking and its generalization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - SPACE & time
KW  - <f>E6</f> model
KW  - Extra dimensions
KW  - Symmetry breaking
N1  - Accession Number: 7773158; Huang, Chao-Shang 1 Jiang, Jing 2 Li, Tianjun 3; Email Address: tli@bokchoy.hep.upenn.edu Liao, Wei 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Academia Sinica, PO Box 2735, Beijing 100080, PR China  2: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  4: The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34014 Trieste, Italy; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 530 Issue 1-4, p218; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: SPACE & time; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>E6</f> model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extra dimensions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Symmetry breaking; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brady, Robert J.
T1  - Very high slip rates on continental extensional faults: new evidence from (U–Th)/He thermochronometry of the Buckskin Mountains, Arizona
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2002/03/30/
VL  - 197
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - New (U–Th)/He in apatite ages suggest rapid slip rates on the Tertiary Buckskin–Rawhide detachment fault, which crops out in the Buckskin and Rawhide Mountains of western Arizona. Single-crystal (U–Th)/He in apatite ages were determined for a suite of crystalline rock samples from the footwall to this detachment. The samples were collected from a transect parallel to the fault slip direction, and proximal to the fault zone; they show a linear decrease in age with distance, from ∼14 to ∼11 Ma over ∼15 km. The age versus distance relationship is interpreted to show a slip rate of 4.2 (+1.2/−0.8) mm/yr, continuing for a period of >3 Myr. This rate is more-or-less in agreement with, but more precise than, previously published slip rates from this and other large-offset extensional detachments. Such slip rates are alarmingly high, being roughly 5–10 times faster than rates commonly observed on active structures at the Earth’s surface. These rapid slip rates suggest that significant seismic hazard might be posed by some extensional structures, and they raise questions regarding the relationship between such rapidly slipping, large-offset structures and the slower, smaller offset faults that are more commonly observed at the Earth’s surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APATITE
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - SURFACE
KW  - ARIZONA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Basin and Range Province
KW  - extension
KW  - helium
KW  - seismic risk
KW  - thermochronology
N1  - Accession Number: 7781565; Brady, Robert J. 1; Email Address: rbrady@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Sciences, Mailstop D461, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 197 Issue 1/2, p95; Subject Term: APATITE; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: SURFACE; Subject Term: ARIZONA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Basin and Range Province; Author-Supplied Keyword: extension; Author-Supplied Keyword: helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: seismic risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermochronology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212392 Phosphate Rock Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blanch, H.W.
AU  - Prausnitz, J.M.
AU  - Curtis, R.A.
AU  - Bratko, D.
T1  - Molecular thermodynamics and bioprocessing: from intracellular events to bioseparations
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2002/03/30/
VL  - 194-197
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 03783812
AB  - Molecular thermodynamics finds application in biological systems in a number of areas, including separation and purification of biological molecules, and drug delivery mediated by hydrogels; and in understanding a variety of intracellular events, including signal transduction, protein–protein interactions, membrane transport and maintenance and regulation of the cytoskeleton. A particular challenge lies in describing and quantifying interactions of biological macromolecules. An important example from bioprocessing is the separation and subsequent purification of proteins. Protein precipitation by salts is the first and most common step in protein isolation from microbial, plant and animal sources. Subsequent purification by chromatographic means relies on protein interactions with charged or hydrophobic solid phases. In order to obtain protein crystals for X-ray diffraction, solution conditions that favor crystallization can often be identified from thermodynamic measurements at high dilution.Protein–protein intermolecular forces are generally short-ranged. Their specific nature is governed by such factors as pH, protein surface charge, charge distribution, surface hydrophobicity and the nature of the intervening electrolyte solution. These effects require quantification to develop useful molecular thermodynamic models for the processes described above.The role of specific salts on protein–protein interactions has been examined using static light scattering with lysozyme, ovalbumin, and a D101F mutant of lysozyme. These experiments provide insight concerning solvation forces that contribute to the interprotein potential. A statistical–mechanical description of protein crystallization is developed, based on the favorable interactions due to the protein–protein contacts in the crystal and the unfavorable entropy loss resulting from constraining the protein in the crystal.The intracellular environment is crowded, and at high rates of recombinant protein synthesis, protein–protein interactions can form inclusion bodies, presenting purification challenges. Protein aggregation can result in misfolding, while molecular chaperones within the cell can assist in protein folding. The competition between desired folding to a native structure and undesired aggregation is examined by Monte Carlo simulations in the presence and absence of chaperone analogs at finite protein concentrations. Aggregates are favored over native, folded proteins when the protein volume fraction exceeds 10%. Presence of a chaperone enhances the formation of native configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
KW  - DRUG delivery systems
KW  - Chaperones
KW  - Protein aggregation
KW  - Protein interactions
KW  - Protein phase equilibria
N1  - Accession Number: 7768329; Blanch, H.W. 1; Email Address: blanch@socrates.berkeley.edu Prausnitz, J.M. 1,2 Curtis, R.A. 1 Bratko, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 194-197, p31; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL systems; Subject Term: DRUG delivery systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chaperones; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein phase equilibria; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCabe, Clare
AU  - Kalyuzhnyi, Yurij V.
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
T1  - Thermodynamic properties of freely-jointed hard-sphere multi-Yukawa chain fluids: theory and simulation
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2002/03/30/
VL  - 194-197
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 03783812
AB  - The hard-sphere Yukawa chain (HSYC) fluid is a simple model for chain fluids and polymers in which each molecule is composed of freely-jointed tangent spheres. The spheres each have a hard core and an attractive interaction, written as a single Yukawa potential or as a sum of Yukawa potentials. We have calculated the phase equilibria and <f>PVT</f> behaviour of the HSYC fluid both theoretically and by Monte Carlo simulation. The theoretical approach is based on the analytic solution of the polymer mean spherical approximation for the HSYC fluid. By comparing the theory and simulation we are able to evaluate the accuracy of the theory. We find that in general the theory performs very well, thus, it provides an analytic route to an equation of state for a well-defined model of chain fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Hard-sphere
KW  - Mean spherical approximation
KW  - Ornstein-Zernike equation
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Yukawa chain fluid
N1  - Accession Number: 7768341; McCabe, Clare 1,2; Email Address: cmccabe@mines.edu Kalyuzhnyi, Yurij V. 3 Cummings, Peter T. 2,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6268, USA  3: Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Svientsitskoho 1, 79011 Lviv, Ukraine  4: Departments of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 194-197, p185; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard-sphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mean spherical approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ornstein-Zernike equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yukawa chain fluid; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furukawa, S.
AU  - McCabe, C.
AU  - Nitta, T.
AU  - Cummings, P.T.
T1  - Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation study of the behavior of hydrocarbon-isomers in silicalite
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2002/03/30/
VL  - 194-197
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
SN  - 03783812
AB  - Molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out in order to investigate the adsorption and permeation phenomena of butane isomers through ZSM-5 membranes. Using the μVT ensemble configurational-bias Monte Carlo technique, we are able to determine the preferred locations of the butane isomers in the ZSM-5 channels. In permeation simulations, using the μVT ensemble non-equilibrium molecular dynamics method, the permeate fluxes of the butane isomers are obtained. We find that the permeabilities of the n-butane calculated from the permeate fluxes increase with increasing temperature. The density of n-butane in the ZSM-5 decreases in the permeation direction with a similar pressure–density relationship to that measured by the equilibrium adsorption isotherm of the n-butane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - BUTANE
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Butane isomers
KW  - Configurational-bias Monte Carlo
KW  - Inorganic membrane
KW  - Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics
KW  - Silicalite
N1  - Accession Number: 7768353; Furukawa, S. 1,2; Email Address: furukawa@cheng.es.osaka-u.ac.jp McCabe, C. 1,3 Nitta, T. 2 Cummings, P.T. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan  3: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 194-197, p309; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: BUTANE; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Butane isomers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Configurational-bias Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inorganic membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicalite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elvassore, Nicola
AU  - Prausnitz, John M.
T1  - Fluid–solid equilibria of chain-like molecules
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2002/03/30/
VL  - 194-197
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
SN  - 03783812
AB  - van der Waals perturbation theory is used to calculate fluid–solid phase diagrams for a system of perturbed-hard-sphere chains. In both fluid and solid phases, the free energy is the sum of a hard-sphere-chain term as the reference system, and a van der Waals term as the perturbation. The reference system for both phases follows from the Percus–Yevick integral theory coupled with Chiew’s results for hard chains. An analytic model for the solid-phase reference term of a hard-chain system agrees well with computer-simulation data for the solid hard-chain compressibility. Simulation data for fluid–solid coexistence curves for hard spheres, and for 4-mer hard chains, are used to fit the reference Helmholtz free energy of the solid phase. The pressure and solid and fluid densities at the hard-chain melting point, predicted by our model, fairly reproduce the available simulation data at different chain lengths.The attractive perturbation term follows from an inverse-power potential with variable exponent n for both fluid and solid phases. The theory here presented reproduces the simulated phase diagrams of chain-like molecules and gives the correct trend for experimental melting points of normal alkanes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - SOLID-phase analysis
KW  - Chain-like molecules
KW  - Phase diagram
KW  - Solid–fluid equilibria
KW  - van der Waals theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7768374; Elvassore, Nicola 1; Email Address: nicola.elvassore@unipd.it Prausnitz, John M. 2; Email Address: prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Principi e Impianti di Ingegneria Chimica, DIPIC, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo, 9 I-35100 Padova, Italy  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Berkeley, University of California, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 194-197, p567; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: SOLID-phase analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chain-like molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–fluid equilibria; Author-Supplied Keyword: van der Waals theory; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Jianzhong
AU  - Prausnitz, John
T1  - Phase equilibria in a system of “breathing” molecules
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2002/03/30/
VL  - 194-197
M3  - Article
SP  - 689
SN  - 03783812
AB  - It is now well known that details in the intermolecular potential can significantly affect the qualitative features of a phase diagram where temperature is plotted against density for the coexistence curves among fluid and solid phases. While previous calculations of phase diagrams have assumed a time-invariant potential function, this report concerns the phase diagram for “breathing” molecules, i.e. molecules whose strength of intermolecular attraction fluctuates in time. Such fluctuations can occur in biomacromolecules where an active site can switch between “on” and “off” positions. Phase-equilibrium calculations were performed for molecules that have a periodic (breathing) attractive force in addition to the conventional intermolecular forces. The phase diagram for such molecules is as expected when the “breathing” properties are independent of density. However, when (more realistically), the “breathing” properties are density-dependent, the phase diagram exhibits dramatic changes. These calculations may be useful for interpreting experimental data for protein precipitation, for plaque formation in blood vessels and for scaffold-supported tissue formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - SOLID-liquid equilibrium
KW  - INTERMOLECULAR forces
KW  - Breathing molecules
KW  - Solid–fluid equilibrium
KW  - Statistical mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 7768384; Wu, Jianzhong 1; Email Address: jwu@engr.ucr.edu Prausnitz, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 194-197, p689; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: SOLID-liquid equilibrium; Subject Term: INTERMOLECULAR forces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breathing molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–fluid equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical mechanics; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, Yuntian T.
AU  - Beyerlein, Irene J.
T1  - <atl>Bone-shaped short fiber composites—an overview
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/03/31/
VL  - 326
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 208
SN  - 09215093
AB  - In recent years, a new class of short fiber composites, in which the ends of the short fibers were enlarged, have been studied. Because of their geometry, these short fibers were named bone-shaped short (BSS) fibers. It was found in several composite systems that the BSS fibers can simultaneously improve both the strength and toughness of composites, and the mechanisms for such improvements vary with mechanical properties of the composite constituents. The strength increase resulted from the effective load transfer from the matrix to the fibers through mechanical interlocking at the enlarged fiber ends. The toughness increase resulted from one or several mechanisms, including: reduction in stress concentration in a brittle fiber reinforced composite with weak fiber/matrix interfacial bonding; higher fiber pullout resistance when the BSS fibers bridging a matrix crack are pulled out, with the enlarged ends attached and perhaps deformed; and plastic deformation of ductile fibers. Both experimental and theoretical studies have been conducted on composite mechanical properties and fractography, fiber pullout, and stress analysis. This paper reviews recent developments in BSS-fiber composites as well as discusses current issues and future directions in this emerging field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIBROUS composites
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - Bone shaped short fiber composites
KW  - BSS fibers
KW  - Load transfer
KW  - Mechanical interlocking
N1  - Accession Number: 7756725; Zhu, Yuntian T.; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Beyerlein, Irene J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2002, Vol. 326 Issue 2, p208; Subject Term: FIBROUS composites; Subject Term: FIBERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bone shaped short fiber composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: BSS fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Load transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical interlocking; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henson, Van Emden
AU  - Yang, Ulrike Meier
T1  - <atl>BoomerAMG: A parallel algebraic multigrid solver and preconditioner
JO  - Applied Numerical Mathematics
JF  - Applied Numerical Mathematics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 01689274
AB  - Driven by the need to solve linear systems arising from problems posed on extremely large, unstructured grids, there has been a recent resurgence of interest in algebraic multigrid (AMG). AMG is attractive in that it holds out the possibility of multigrid-like performance on unstructured grids. The sheer size of many modern physics and simulation problems has led to the development of massively parallel computers, and has sparked much research into developing algorithms for them. Parallelizing AMG is a difficult task, however. While much of the AMG method parallelizes readily, the process of coarse-grid selection, in particular, is fundamentally sequential in nature.We have previously introduced a parallel algorithm [A.J. Cleary, R.D. Falgout, V.E. Henson, J.E. Jones, in: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Solving Irregularly Structured Problems in Parallel, Springer, New York, 1998] for the selection of coarse-grid points, based on modifications of certain parallel independent set algorithms and the application of heuristics designed to insure the quality of the coarse grids, and shown results from a prototype serial version of the algorithm.In this paper we describe an implementation of a parallel AMG code, using the algorithm of A.J. Cleary, R.D. Falgout, V.E. Henson, J.E. Jones [in: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Solving Irregularly Structured Problems in Parallel, Springer, New York, 1998] as well as other approaches to parallelizing the coarse-grid selection. We consider three basic coarsening schemes and certain modifications to the basic schemes, designed to address specific performance issues. We present numerical results for a broad range of problem sizes and descriptions, and draw conclusions regarding the efficacy of the method. Finally, we indicate the current directions of the research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Numerical Mathematics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - ALGEBRAIC logic
KW  - PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers)
KW  - Algebraic multigrid
KW  - Parallel computing
N1  - Accession Number: 7756941; Henson, Van Emden 1; Email Address: vhenson@llnl.gov Yang, Ulrike Meier; Email Address: umyang@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Box 808, L-560, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p155; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: ALGEBRAIC logic; Subject Term: PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers); Author-Supplied Keyword: Algebraic multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhupathiraju, Vishvesh
AU  - Krauter, Paula
AU  - Holman, Hoi-Ying
AU  - Conrad, Mark
AU  - Daley, Paul
AU  - Templeton, Alexis
AU  - Hunt, James
AU  - Hernandez, Mark
AU  - Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa
T1  - Assessment of in-situ bioremediation at a refinery waste-contaminated site and an aviation gasoline contaminated site.
JO  - Biodegradation
JF  - Biodegradation
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 90
SN  - 09239820
AB  - A combination of geochemical, microbiological and isotopic methods were used to evaluate in-situ bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons at one site contaminated with refinery waste and a second site contaminated with aviation gasoline at Alameda Point, California. At each site, geochemical and microbiological characteristics from four locations in the contaminated zone were compared to those from two uncontaminated background locations. At both sites, the geochemical indicators of in-situbiodegradation includeddepleted soil gas and groundwater oxygen, elevated groundwater alkalinity, and elevated soil gas carbon dioxide and methane in the contaminated zone relative to the background. Radiocarbon content of methane and carbon dioxide measured in soil gas at both sites indicated that they were derived from hydrocarbon contaminant degradation. Direct microscopy of soil core samples using cell wall stains and activity stains, revealed elevated microbial numbers and enhanced microbial activities in contaminated areas relative to background areas, corroborating geochemical findings. While microbial plate counts and microcosm studies using soil core samples provided laboratory evidence for the presence of some microbial activity and contaminant degradation abilities, they did not correlate well with either contaminant location, geochemical, isotopic, or direct microscopy data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biodegradation is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Microbial contamination
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - FUEL
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Radioisotopes -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Alameda County (Calif.)
KW  - California
KW  - aviation gasoline
KW  - biodegradation
KW  - bioremediation
KW  - direct microscopy
KW  - petroleum hydrocarbons
KW  - radioisotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 51577034; Bhupathiraju, Vishvesh 1; Krauter, Paula 2; Holman, Hoi-Ying 3; Conrad, Mark 3; Daley, Paul 2; Templeton, Alexis 3; Hunt, James 1; Hernandez, Mark 1; Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa 1; Email Address: alvarez@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 94720 USA; 2: Environmental Restoration Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore 94550 USA; 3: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94720 USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p79; Thesaurus Term: Bioremediation; Thesaurus Term: Microbial contamination; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: FUEL; Subject Term: Airplanes; Subject Term: Radioisotopes -- Environmental aspects; Subject: Alameda County (Calif.); Subject: California; Author-Supplied Keyword: aviation gasoline; Author-Supplied Keyword: biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: direct microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: petroleum hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: radioisotopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1020415626554
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kane, Staci R.
AU  - Beller, Harry R.
AU  - Legler, Tina C.
AU  - Anderson, Robert T.
T1  - Biochemical and genetic evidence of benzylsuccinate synthase intoluene-degrading, ferric iron-reducing Geobacter metallireducens.
JO  - Biodegradation
JF  - Biodegradation
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 154
SN  - 09239820
AB  - In vitro assays demonstrated that toluene-grown cells of Geobacter metallireducens catalyzed the addition of toluene to fumarate to form benzylsuccinate under anaerobic conditions. The specific in vitro rate of benzylsuccinate formationwas ca. 45% of the specific in vivo rate of toluene consumption. In addition, bssA and bssB, which code for the α and β subunits of benzylsuccinate synthase (BSS), respectively, were found to have sequences in G. etallireducens similar to the only sequences heretofore available (for three denitrifying strains). This is the first report of the presence of BSS in a ferriciron-reducing bacterium; BSS activity has previously been reported in denitrifying, sulfate-reducing, and anoxygenic phototrophic toluene degraders, as well as in a highly enriched methanogenic, toluene-degrading culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biodegradation is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aromatic compounds
KW  - Anaerobic bacteria
KW  - Toluene
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Microbiologically influenced corrosion
KW  - Methanogens
KW  - anaerobic
KW  - benzylsuccinate synthase
KW  - bssA
KW  - Geobacter metallireducens
KW  - naerobic
KW  - toluene
N1  - Accession Number: 51577040; Kane, Staci R. 1; Beller, Harry R. 1; Email Address: beller2@llnl.gov; Legler, Tina C. 1; Anderson, Robert T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-542 Livermore 94551-0808 USA; 2: Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p149; Thesaurus Term: Aromatic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Anaerobic bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Toluene; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Microbiologically influenced corrosion; Subject Term: Methanogens; Author-Supplied Keyword: anaerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: benzylsuccinate synthase; Author-Supplied Keyword: bssA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geobacter metallireducens; Author-Supplied Keyword: naerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: toluene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1020454831407
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Seong Han
AU  - Opdahl, Aric
AU  - Marmo, Chris
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - <atl>AFM and SFG studies of pHEMA-based hydrogel contact lens surfaces in saline solution: adhesion, friction, and the presence of non-crosslinked polymer chains at the surface
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 23
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1657
SN  - 01429612
AB  - The surfaces of two types of soft contact lenses—neutral and ionic hydrogels—were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and sum-frequency-generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. AFM measurements in saline solution showed that the presence of ionic functional groups at the surface lowered the friction and adhesion to a hydrophobic polystyrene tip. This was attributed to the specific interactions of water and the molecular orientation of hydrogel chains at the surface. Friction and adhesion behavior also revealed the presence of domains of non-crosslinked polymer chains at the lens surface. SFG showed that the lens surface became partially dehydrated upon exposure to air. On this partially dehydrated lens surface, the non-crosslinked domains exhibited low friction and adhesion in AFM. Fully hydrated in saline solution, the non-crosslinked domains extended more than tens of nanometers into solution and were mobile. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTACT lenses
KW  - HYDROGELS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - AFM
KW  - Contact lens
KW  - Friction
KW  - Hydrogel
KW  - SFG
N1  - Accession Number: 7752950; Kim, Seong Han 1 Opdahl, Aric 1 Marmo, Chris 2 Somorjai, Gabor A. 1; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Ocular Sciences, Inc., 475 Eccles Ave., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 23 Issue 7, p1657; Subject Term: CONTACT lenses; Subject Term: HYDROGELS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact lens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogel; Author-Supplied Keyword: SFG; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339115 Ophthalmic Goods Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423460 Ophthalmic Goods Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, Hai-Feng
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - <atl>In situ detection of calcium ions with chemically modified microcantilevers
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
SN  - 09565663
AB  - We report a novel technique of micromechanical detection of trace amounts of calcium ions by using microcantilevers modified with ion-selective self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The SAM-modified microcantilevers undergo bending due to selective adsorption of calcium ions. Experiments conducted under flow conditions show that the modified cantilevers respond sensitively to calcium ions (Ca2+); a Ca2+ concentration of 10−9 M can be detected with this technique. Other cations, such as Na+ and K+, do not have any effect on the deflection of these cantilevers. We demonstrate two different kinds of SAMs having selectivity for calcium ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIUM ions
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - Calcium ion detection
KW  - Microcantilevers
KW  - Selective coatings
KW  - Self assembled monolayers
N1  - Accession Number: 7753250; Ji, Hai-Feng 1 Thundat, Thomas; Email Address: thundattg@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p337; Subject Term: CALCIUM ions; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium ion detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilevers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self assembled monolayers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buttler, William T.
AU  - Soriano, Cecilia
AU  - Baldasano, Jose M.
AU  - Nickel, George H.
T1  - Remote Sensing Of Three-Dimensional Winds With Elastic Lidar: Explanation Of Maximum Cross-Correlation Method.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 103
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 174
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - Maximum cross-correlation provides a method to remotely determine highly resolved three-dimensional fields of horizontal winds with elastic lidar throughout large volumes of the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This paper details the technique and shows comparisons between elastic lidar winds, remotely sensed laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) wind profiles, and radiosonde winds. Radiosonde wind data were acquired at Barcelona, Spain, during the Barcelona Air-Quality Initiative (1992), and the LDV wind data were acquired at Sunland Park, New Mexico (N.M.), during the Border Area Air-Quality Study (1994). Comparisons show good agreement between the different instruments, and demonstrate the method useful for air pollution management at the local/regional scale. Elastic lidar winds could thus offer insight into aerosol and pollution transport within the PBL. Lidar wind fields might also be used to nudge or improve initialization and evaluation of atmospheric meteorological models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Winds
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology)
KW  - Optical radar
KW  - Correlation (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15606563; Buttler, William T. 1; Email Address: buttler@lanl.gov; Soriano, Cecilia 2; Baldasano, Jose M. 2; Nickel, George H. 3; Affiliations: 1: University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Physics Division, MS H803, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 U.S.A.; 2: Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Laboratory of Environmental Modeling, Avinguda Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; 3: University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Physics Division, MS D410, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 U.S.A.; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 103 Issue 1, p173; Thesaurus Term: Remote sensing; Thesaurus Term: Winds; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Subject Term: Optical radar; Subject Term: Correlation (Statistics); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooke, Brian M
AU  - Glenister, Fiona K
AU  - Mohandas, Narla
AU  - Coppel, Ross L
T1  - Assignment of functional roles to parasite proteins in malaria-infected red blood cells by competitive flow-based adhesion assay.
JO  - British Journal of Haematology
JF  - British Journal of Haematology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 211
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00071048
AB  - Summary. Adhesion of parasitized red blood cells (PRBCs) to endothelial cells and subsequent accumulation in the microvasculature are pivotal events in the pathogenesis of falciparum malaria. During intraerythrocytic development, numerous proteins exported from the parasite associate with the RBC membrane skeleton but the precise function of many of these proteins remain unknown. Their cellular location, however, suggests that some may play a role in adhesion. The adhesive properties of PRBCs are best studied under flow conditions in vitro ; however, experimental variation in levels of cytoadherence in currently available assays make subtle alterations in adhesion difficult to quantify. Here, we describe a flow-based assay that can quantify small differences in adhesion and document the extent to which a number of parasite proteins influence adhesion using parasite lines that no longer express specific proteins. Loss of parasite proteins ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA), knob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) or Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 3 (PfEMP3) had a significant effect on the ability of PRBCs to adhere, whereas loss of mature parasite-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (MESA) had no effect. Our studies indicate that a number of membrane skeleton-associated parasite proteins, although not exposed on the RBC surface, can collectively affect the adhesive properties of PRBCs and further our understanding of pathophysiologically relevant structure/function relationships in malaria-infected RBCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of British Journal of Haematology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MALARIA
KW  - PLASMODIUM falciparum
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - cell adhesion
KW  - erythrocyte
KW  - malaria
KW  - membrane skeleton
KW  - Plasmodium falciparum
N1  - Accession Number: 6394235; Cooke, Brian M 1 Glenister, Fiona K 1 Mohandas, Narla 2 Coppel, Ross L 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia, and  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 117 Issue 1, p203; Subject Term: MALARIA; Subject Term: PLASMODIUM falciparum; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: cell adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: erythrocyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: malaria; Author-Supplied Keyword: membrane skeleton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmodium falciparum; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03404.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karbowiak, M.
AU  - Edelstein, N.M.
AU  - Drożdżyński, J.
T1  - Spectroscopic studies and dynamics of <f>Nd3+</f> ions in <f>RbY2Cl7</f> single crystals. Part I. Analysis of site-selective excitation and emission spectra
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 277
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 341
SN  - 03010104
AB  - Single crystals of <f>Nd3+</f>:<f>RbY2Cl7</f> were grown by the Bridgman–Stockbarger method. The host crystal contains two slightly inequivalent <f>Y3+</f> ions, each with an approximate <f>C2v</f> site symmetry. The crystal-field energy levels of the <f>Nd3+</f> ion doped in the two slightly inequivalent sites of the host crystal have been measured by optical absorption spectroscopy as well as by laser-selective excitation and emission experiments. As many as 151 and 156 energy levels have been ascribed to the Nd(1) and Nd(2) sites, respectively. Emission transients of a number of the levels were determined. Strong fluorescence and upconversion transitions were recorded and some mechanisms involving excited state absorption and energy transfer between <f>Nd3+</f> ions were proposed as explanatory for the results of the present investigations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 7773039; Karbowiak, M. 1,2 Edelstein, N.M. 2 Drożdżyński, J. 1; Email Address: jd@wchuwr.chem.uni.wroc.pl; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland  2: Chemical Sciences Division, MS 70A-1150, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 277 Issue 3, p341; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chorpening, B. T.
AU  - Brewster, M. Q.
T1  - EMISSION IMAGING OF AP/HTPB PROPELLANT SANDWICH COMBUSTION.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 174
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 60
SN  - 00102202
AB  - Ultraviolet emission imaging (305-315 nm) was used to study the combustion of sandwiches of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) in nitrogen at pressures up to 32 atm, with binder layers from 50 to 450 µm in thickness. The emission imaging was combined with a novel backlighting technique to allow determination of the corresponding surface shape during combustion. The results indicated that the interface regression rate of IPDI-cured samples undergoing laser-assisted deflagration (120 W/cm 2 average flux) is nearly independent of the binder thickness for binders thicker than 100 µm. The pressure exponent of the regression rate is 0.31 up to 15 atm, then increases with pressure from 15 to 32 atm. Two primary flame regimes were identified: a regime of high Peclet and Damköhler numbers which exhibits a split base in the ultraviolet flame emission, and a regime of low Peclet and Damköhler numbers which exhibits a merged flame base. A third, "lifted" flame region, in which the strongest flame emission starts several hundred microns above the solid surface, occurs with low Damköhler numbers and high Peclet numbers. The effects of Pe and binder oxygenation (by fine-AP) on the size of the diffusion flame and the location of its leading edges relative to the AP/binder interface were observed to be in agreement with Shvab-Zeldovich theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Separation (Technology)
KW  - Mechanical engineering
KW  - Thermochemistry
KW  - laminar diffusion flames
KW  - solid propellant rockets
N1  - Accession Number: 15531202; Chorpening, B. T. 1; Email Address: Benjamin.Chorpening@net1.doe.gov; Brewster, M. Q. 2; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; 2: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 174 Issue 4, p39; Thesaurus Term: Combustion; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion; Thesaurus Term: Separation (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Mechanical engineering; Subject Term: Thermochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: laminar diffusion flames; Author-Supplied Keyword: solid propellant rockets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/001022002290021146
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haslam, A.J.
AU  - Moldovan, D.
AU  - Phillpot, S.R.
AU  - Wolf, D.
AU  - Gleiter, H.
T1  - Combined atomistic and mesoscale simulation of grain growth in nanocrystalline thin films
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
SN  - 09270256
AB  - We have combined molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations with mesoscale simulations to elucidate the mechanism and kinetics of grain growth in nanocrystalline palladium with a columnar grain structure. The conventional picture of grain growth assumes that the process is governed by curvature-driven grain-boundary (GB) migration. Our MD simulations demonstrate that, at least in a nanocrystalline material, grain growth can also be triggered by the coordinated rotations of neighboring grains so as to eliminate the common GB between them. Such rotation–coalescence events result in the formation of highly elongated, unstable grains which then grow via the GB migration mechanism. These insights can be incorporated into mesoscale simulations in which, instead of the atoms, the objects that evolve in space and time are discretized GBs, grain junctions and the grain orientations, with a time scale controlled by that associated with grain rotation and GB migration and with a length scale given by the grain size. These mesoscale simulations, with physical insight and input materials parameters obtained by MD simulation, enable the investigation of the topology and long-time grain-growth behavior in a physically more realistic manner than via mesoscale simulations alone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - Atomistic simulation
KW  - Grain growth
KW  - Grain rotation
KW  - Grain-boundary migration
KW  - Mesoscale simulation
KW  - Multiscale simulation
KW  - Nanocrystalline materials
N1  - Accession Number: 7782958; Haslam, A.J. 1 Moldovan, D. 1 Phillpot, S.R. 1 Wolf, D. 1; Email Address: wolf@anl.gov Gleiter, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Institute for Nanotechnolgy, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 23 Issue 1-4, p15; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomistic simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain-boundary migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoscale simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiscale simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Q.-M.
AU  - Wu, S.Y.
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Energetics of Ge addimers on the Si(<f>1 0 0</f>) and Ge(<f>1 0 0</f>) surfaces: a comparative study
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
SN  - 09270256
AB  - The adsorption energetics of Ge dimers on the (1 0 0) surfaces of Ge and Si has been investigated using the first-principles molecular dynamics method. Four high-symmetry configurations have been considered and fully relaxed. The most stable configuration for Ge dimers on Si(1 0 0) is found to be in the trough between two surface dimer rows, oriented parallel to the substrate Si dimers. These results are consistent with recent experimental studies of the system using the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and help to clarify some existing controversies on the interpretation of the STM images. In contrast, for Ge dimers on Ge(1 0 0), the most stable configuration is on top of the substrate dimer row. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - Ge adsorption
KW  - Ge(1 0 0) surface
KW  - Ge/Si heterostructures
KW  - Si(1 0 0) surface
KW  - Simulated STM images
N1  - Accession Number: 7782962; Zhang, Q.-M. 1; Email Address: zhang@uta.edu Wu, S.Y. 2 Zhang, Zhenyu 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0059, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6032, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 78996, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 23 Issue 1-4, p48; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ge adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ge(1 0 0) surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ge/Si heterostructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si(1 0 0) surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulated STM images; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Jinpeng
AU  - Cai, Wei
AU  - Bulatov, Vasily V.
AU  - Yip, Sidney
T1  - Molecular dynamics simulations of motion of edge and screw dislocations in a metal
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 09270256
AB  - Motions of a straight edge dislocation and a kinked screw dislocation in BCC Mo, described by the Finnis–Sinclair potential, are studied in periodic simulation cells subjected to an applied shear stress. Procedures for setting up the initial atomic configurations in each case are described, and estimate is made of the local driving force due to the image interactions. Preliminary results show that at low temperature the edge dislocation moves primarily through kink nucleation, whereas the mobility of the screw dislocation is strongly facilitated by the presence of a kink. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - Dislocation mobility
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Periodic image effect
N1  - Accession Number: 7782970; Chang, Jinpeng 1; Email Address: jpchang@mit.edu Cai, Wei 1 Bulatov, Vasily V. 2 Yip, Sidney 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 23 Issue 1-4, p111; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Periodic image effect; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cai, Wei
AU  - Bulatov, Vasily V.
AU  - Justo, João F.
AU  - Argon, Ali S.
AU  - Yip, Sidney
T1  - Kinetic Monte Carlo approach to modeling dislocation mobility
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 09270256
AB  - We describe a kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) approach to modeling dislocation motion, directly linking the energetics of dislocation kink nucleation and migration on the atomistic scale with the experimental data on the microscale. A study of planar glide of screw dislocation in Si, an ideal test-bed for our method is first discussed, followed by preliminary results for a more complicated problem, three-dimensional motion of screw dislocation in BCC metals. We find that accuracy of the model predictions, even in the favorable case of Si, cannot claim to be quantitative because of uncertainties in the atomistic results for kink energetics. On the other hand, the kMC method is useful for qualitatively probing the mechanisms controlling dislocation motion, and it is capable of providing plausible explanation of some puzzling features of the experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - BCC Metals
KW  - Dislocation
KW  - Kinetic Monte Carlo
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 7782972; Cai, Wei 1 Bulatov, Vasily V. 2 Justo, João F. 3 Argon, Ali S. 1 Yip, Sidney 1; Email Address: syip@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Instituto de Fisica da Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, CEP 05315-970, São Paulo – SP, Brazil; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 23 Issue 1-4, p124; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: BCC Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, E.G.
AU  - Liu, B.G.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Li, M.Z.
AU  - Zhong, J.X.
AU  - Wendelken, John
AU  - Niu, Q.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
T1  - Novel formation and decay mechanisms of nanostructures on surface
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 09270256
AB  - For decades research on thin-film growth has attracted a lot of attention as these kinds of materials have the potential in new generation device application. It is known that the nuclei at initial stage of the islands are more stable than others and certain atoms are inert while others are active. In this paper, we will show that, when a surfactant layer is used to mediate the growth, a counter-intuitive fractal-to-compact island shape transition can be induced by increasing deposition flux or decreasing growth temperature. Specifically, we introduce a reaction-limited aggregation (RLA) theory, where the physical process controlling the island shape transition is the shielding effect of adatoms stuck to stable islands on incoming adatoms. Also discussed are the origin of a transition from triangular to hexagonal then to inverted triangular and the decay characteristics of 3D islands on surface, and connections of our unique predictions with recent experiments. Furthermore, we will present a novel idea to make use of the condensation energy of adatoms to control the island evolution along special direction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Formation and decay
KW  - Kinetic Monte Carlo
KW  - Nanostructures on surface
KW  - Rate-equation analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 7782980; Wang, E.G. 1,2; Email Address: egwang@aphy.iphy.ac.cn Liu, B.G. 1 Wu, J. 1 Li, M.Z. 1 Zhong, J.X. 3 Wendelken, John 3 Niu, Q. 2,4 Zhang, Z. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics and Center for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100080, China  2: International Center for Quantum Structures, CAS, Beijing, China  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 23 Issue 1-4, p197; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Formation and decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructures on surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rate-equation analysis; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duchovic, Ronald J.
AU  - Volobuev, Yuri L.
AU  - Lynch, Gillian C.
AU  - Truhlar, Donald G.
AU  - Allison, Thomas C.
AU  - Wagner, Albert F.
AU  - Garrett, Bruce C.
AU  - Corchado, Jose C.
T1  - POTLIB 2001: A potential energy surface library for chemical systems
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 144
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 00104655
AB  - POTLIB 2001 is a computer program library of global chemical potential energy surface (PES) functions (91 functions in version 1.0) along with test data, a suite of utility programs, and a convenient user interface. The PES programs are written in ANSI standard FORTRAN77 and can be used to determine the Born–Oppenheimer potential energy of chemical systems as a function of the internal coordinates. The accompanying test data allow users to verify local implementations of this library. Finally, the utility programs permit use of this library in conjunction with a variety of chemical dynamics and chemical kinetics computer codes. Interface routines are provided for the POLYRATE and ABCRATE program packages of Truhlar and co-workers, the VENUS96 program package of Hase and co-workers, and the VARIFLEX program package of Klippenstein and co-workers; the routines in this library can also be used in conjunction with the DYNASOL program package of Zhang and co-workers. This article describes the library and the utility programs and outlines the systematic conventions used for interfaces in the computer programs contained in the library. Adherence to these conventions will allow future PESs to be compatible with this library. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
N1  - Accession Number: 7766046; Duchovic, Ronald J. 1; Email Address: duchovic@hilbert.ipfw.edu Volobuev, Yuri L. 2 Lynch, Gillian C. 2 Truhlar, Donald G. 2 Allison, Thomas C. 3 Wagner, Albert F. 1 Garrett, Bruce C. 4 Corchado, Jose C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA  3: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8381, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8381, USA  4: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 90352, USA  5: Department de Quimica Fiscia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremandura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 144 Issue 2, p169; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Chant, L.J.
T1  - Impulsive displacement of a quasi-linear viscoelastic material through accurate numerical inversion of the Laplace transform
JO  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
JF  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 43
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1161
SN  - 08981221
AB  - An analytical model for the one-dimensional, impulsive displacement of a quasi-linear viscoelastic material has been developed. The quasi-linear model of Fung [1] has been used successfully for a wide range of soft biological tissues. Due to the integral definition of linear viscoelastic materials, solutions are conveniently performed in the Laplace transform plane. Complex kernels like the quasilinear model are challenging to invert back to the real plane. Here, the method of Gaver [2] and Stehfest [3] is used to numerically carry Laplace space solutions to the real plane. Parametric results for a basic impulsive disturbance problem are presented. Results indicate that stress wave propagation is weakly dependent on the fast time, slow time ratio and more strongly dependent on the logarithmic damping parameter. Limitations of the numerical inversion method in the face of discontinuities are discussed as well using asymptotic methods. As an alternative to the numerical/polynomial-based Gaver-Stehfest method, a semianalytical regularization function useful near large gradient regions method is developed. A composite method that utilizes both the fully numerical and semianalytical convolution-based method is also described. The composite model provides improved results in terms of reducing computational undershoot and overshoot (wiggles) which limit both the fully numerical and the semianalytical models alone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Mathematics with Applications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAPLACE transformation
KW  - QUASILINEARIZATION
KW  - Displacement of material
KW  - Laplace transform
KW  - Numerical inversion
KW  - Quasi-linear model
N1  - Accession Number: 8595230; De Chant, L.J. 1; Email Address: ljdecha@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0836, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 43 Issue 8/9, p1161; Subject Term: LAPLACE transformation; Subject Term: QUASILINEARIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Displacement of material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical inversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-linear model; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hampton, Monty A.
AU  - Karl, Herman A.
AU  - Murray, Christopher J.
T1  - Acoustic profiles and images of the Palos Verdes margin: implications concerning deposition from the White's Point outfall
JO  - Continental Shelf Research
JF  - Continental Shelf Research
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 841
SN  - 02784343
AB  - Subbottom profiles and sidescan-sonar images collected on and around the Palos Verdes Shelf show a surficial deposit interpreted to contain effluent from the White''s Point diffusers, as well as showing several geologic features that affect the deposit''s distribution. The effluent-affected deposit is visible in high-resolution subbottom profiles on the shelf and the adjacent San Pedro basin slope to water depths of 170 m. It has a maximum thickness of 75 cm and was mapped acoustically over an area of 10.8 km2, which encompasses a volume of about 3.2 million m3. The deposit''s basal reflector is acoustically distinct over most of the mapped area, implying that the deposit has not been extensively mixed across its base, perhaps being relatively free of reworking since its initial deposition. Nearshore, the basal reflector is weak and fades away toward land, which could result from syndepositional intermixing of coarse native sediment (particularly from the Portuguese Bend landslide) with effluent in the high-energy nearshore zone, or postdepositionally by physical (wave) or biological mixing across the interface. The geometry of the deposit implies that effluent is dispersed primarily in a northwesterly and seaward direction from the diffusers. Dispersal across the shelf break is in some places strongly affected by topography, particularly by submarine canyons. The deposit overlies stratified and unstratified Quaternary sediment, up to 30 m thick, that in turn overlies the irregular erosional surface of deformed Miocene bedrock that crops out in places on the shelf and upper basin slope. The effluent-affected deposit rests on potentially unstable landslide deposits on the San Pedro basin slope. The acoustic profiles and side-scan images show evidence for active and inactive vents, probably of hot water and gas, some of which are within the boundary of the effluent-affected sediment deposit and could disrupt it if seepage occurs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Continental Shelf Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Marine sediments
KW  - Palos Verdes Peninsula (Calif.)
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 7815700; Hampton, Monty A. 1; Email Address: mhampton@usgs.gov; Karl, Herman A. 1; Email Address: hkarl@usgs.gov; Murray, Christopher J. 2; Email Address: cj_murray@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: US Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 22 Issue 6/7, p841; Thesaurus Term: Marine sediments; Subject: Palos Verdes Peninsula (Calif.); Subject: California; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murray, C.J.
AU  - Lee, H.J.
AU  - Hampton, M.A.
T1  - Geostatistical mapping of effluent-affected sediment distribution on the Palos Verdes shelf
JO  - Continental Shelf Research
JF  - Continental Shelf Research
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 881
SN  - 02784343
AB  - Geostatistical techniques were used to study the spatial continuity of the thickness of effluent-affected sediment in the offshore Palos Verdes Margin area. The thickness data were measured directly from cores and indirectly from high-frequency subbottom profiles collected over the Palos Verdes Margin. Strong spatial continuity of the sediment thickness data was identified, with a maximum range of correlation in excess of 1.4 km. The spatial correlation showed a marked anisotropy, and was more than twice as continuous in the alongshore direction as in the cross-shelf direction. Sequential indicator simulation employing models fit to the thickness data variograms was used to map the distribution of the sediment, and to quantify the uncertainty in those estimates. A strong correlation between sediment thickness data and measurements of the mass of the contaminant p,p′-DDE per unit area was identified. A calibration based on the bivariate distribution of the thickness and p,p′-DDE data was applied using Markov-Bayes indicator simulation to extend the geostatistical study and map the contamination levels in the sediment. Integrating the map grids produced by the geostatistical study of the two variables indicated that 7.8 million m3 of effluent-affected sediment exist in the map area, containing approximately 61–72 Mg (metric tons) of p,p′-DDE. Most of the contaminated sediment (about 85% of the sediment and 89% of the p,p′-DDE) occurs in water depths <100 m. The geostatistical study also indicated that the samples available for mapping are well distributed and the uncertainty of the estimates of the thickness and contamination level of the sediments is lowest in areas where the contaminated sediment is most prevalent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Continental Shelf Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Marine sediments
KW  - Geological statistics
KW  - Palos Verdes Peninsula (Calif.)
KW  - California
KW  - United States
KW  - Cores
KW  - DDE
KW  - Geophysical data
KW  - Geostatistics
KW  - Outfalls
KW  - Palos Verdes Margin
KW  - Pollution maps
KW  - Regional terms
KW  - Sewage disposal
KW  - USA
N1  - Accession Number: 7815702; Murray, C.J. 1; Email Address: chris.murray@pnl.gov; Lee, H.J. 2; Hampton, M.A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K6-81, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2: US Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 22 Issue 6/7, p881; Thesaurus Term: Marine sediments; Subject Term: Geological statistics; Subject: Palos Verdes Peninsula (Calif.); Subject: California; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cores; Author-Supplied Keyword: DDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geophysical data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geostatistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Outfalls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palos Verdes Margin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollution maps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regional terms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sewage disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: USA; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeruzalmi, David
AU  - O'Donnell, Mike
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Clamp loaders and sliding clamps
JO  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 0959440X
AB  - A coherent view of the structure and function of DNA polymerase processivity factors (sliding clamps and clamp loaders) is emerging from recent structural studies. Crystal structures of sliding clamps from the T4 and RB69 bacteriophages, and from an archaebacterium expand the gallery of ring-shaped processivity factors and clarify how the clamp interacts with the DNA polymerase. Crystallographic and electron microscopic views of clamp loaders from bacteria, archaebacteria and eukaryotes emphasize their common architecture and have produced models of how ATPbinding might be coupled to clamp opening/loading. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Structural Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGES
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 7783601; Jeruzalmi, David 1,2,3 O'Donnell, Mike 2 Kuriyan, John 1,3; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology, and of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: The Rockefeller University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA  3: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p217; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: BACTERIOPHAGES; Subject Term: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liehr
AU  - Weise
AU  - Heller
AU  - Starke
AU  - Mrasek
AU  - Kuechler
AU  - Weier
AU  - Claussen
T1  - Multicolor chromosome banding (MCB) with YAC/BAC-based probes and region-specific microdissection DNA libraries.
JO  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
JF  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 50
SN  - 14248581
AB  - Multicolor chromosome banding (MCB) allows the delineation of chromosomal regions with a resolution of a few megabasepairs, i.e., slightly below the size of most visible chromosome bands. Based on the hybridization of overlapping region-specific probe libraries, chromosomal subregions are hybridized with probes that fluoresce in distinct wavelength intervals, so they can be assigned predefined pseudo-colors during the digital imaging and visualization process. The present study demonstrates how MCB patterns can be produced by region-specific microdissection derived (mcd) libraries as well as collections of yeast or bacterial artificial chromosomes (YACs and BACs, respectively). We compared the efficiency of an mcd library based approach with the hybridization of collections of locus-specific probes (LSP) for fluorescent banding of three rather differently sized human chromosomes, i.e., chromosomes 2, 13, and 22. The LSP sets were comprised of 107 probes specific for chromosome 2, 82 probes for chromosome 13, and 31 probes for chromosome 22. The results demonstrated a more homogeneous coverage of chromosomes and thus, more desirable banding patterns using the microdissection library-based MCB. This may be related to the observation that chromosomes are difficult to cover completely with YAC and/or BAC clones as single-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments showed. Mcd libraries, on the other hand, provide high complexity probes that work well as region-specific paints, but do not readily allow positioning of breakpoints on genetic or physical maps as required for the positional cloning of genes. Thus, combinations of mcd libraries and locus-specific large insert DNA probes appear to be the most efficient tools for high-resolution cytogenetic analyses. Copyright © 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cytogenetic & Genome Research is the property of Karger AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOME banding
KW  - MICRODISSECTION
KW  - GENE libraries
KW  - DNA
KW  - MOLECULAR probes
N1  - Accession Number: 11333072; Liehr 1 Weise 1 Heller 1 Starke 1 Mrasek 1 Kuechler 2 Weier 3 Claussen 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology, Heinrich-Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany  2: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Jena, Jena (Germany)  3: Life Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley CA (USA); Source Info: 2002, Vol. 97 Issue 1/2, p43; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME banding; Subject Term: MICRODISSECTION; Subject Term: GENE libraries; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MOLECULAR probes; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000064043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Y.-K.
AU  - Hong, K.-J.
AU  - Prakash, Jai
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Electrochemical performance of nano-sized ZnO-coated <f>LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4</f> spinel as 5 V materials at elevated temperatures
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 344
SN  - 13882481
AB  - ZnO-coated <f>LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4</f> powders with excellent electrochemical cyclability and structural stability have been synthesized. The electrochemical performance and structural stability of ZnO-coated <f>LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4</f> electrodes in the 5 V region at elevated temperature has been studied as function of the level of ZnO coating. The 1.5 wt% ZnO-coated <f>LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4</f> electrode delivers an initial discharge capacity of 137 mAh <f>g−1</f> with excellent cyclability at elevated temperature even at 55 °C. The reason for the excellent cycling performance of ZnO-coated <f>LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4</f> electrode is largely attributed to ZnO playing an important role of HF getting in the electrolyte. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - HF
KW  - Lithium secondary batteries
KW  - Mn dissolution
KW  - Spinel
KW  - ZnO coating
N1  - Accession Number: 7774095; Sun, Y.-K. 1; Email Address: yksun@hanyang.ac.kr Hong, K.-J. 1 Prakash, Jai 2 Amine, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea  2: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  3: Electrochemical Technology, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p344; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: HF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium secondary batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mn dissolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spinel; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnO coating; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bochkareva, Elena
AU  - Korolev, Sergey
AU  - Lees-Miller, Susan P.
AU  - Bochkarev, Alexey
T1  - Structure of the RPA trimerization core and its role in the multistep DNA-binding mechanism of RPA.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/04//4/1/2002
VL  - 21
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1855
EP  - 1863
SN  - 02614189
AB  - The human single-stranded DNA-binding protein, replication protein A (RPA) binds DNA in at least two different modes: initial [8-10 nucleotides (nt)] and stable (∼30 nt). Switching from 8 to 30 nt mode is associated with a large conformational change. Here we report the 2.8 Å structure of the RPA trimerization core comprising the C-terminal DNA-binding domain of subunit RPA70 (DBD-C), the central DNA-binding domain of subunit RPA32 (DBD-D) and the entire RPA14 subunit. All three domains are built around a central oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB)- fold and flanked by a helix at the C-terminus. Trimerization is mediated by three C-terminal helices arranged in parallel. The OB-fold of DBD-C possesses unique structural features; embedded zinc ribbon and helix-turn-helix motifs. Using time-resolved proteolysis with trypsin, we demonstrate that the trimerization core does not contribute to the binding with substrates of 10 nt, but interacts with oligonucleotides of 24 nt. Taken together, our data indicate that switching from 8-10 to 30 nt mode is mediated by DNA binding with the trimerization core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA-binding proteins
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - OLIGOSACCHARIDES
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
KW  - DNA-binding
KW  - OB-fold
KW  - replication protein A
KW  - single-stranded DNA
KW  - subunit interaction.
N1  - Accession Number: 12955754; Bochkareva, Elena 1 Korolev, Sergey 2 Lees-Miller, Susan P. 3 Bochkarev, Alexey 1; Email Address: Alexey-Bochkarev@ouhsc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73190.  2: Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  3: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.; Source Info: 4/1/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 7, p1855; Subject Term: DNA-binding proteins; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: OLIGOSACCHARIDES; Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: OB-fold; Author-Supplied Keyword: replication protein A; Author-Supplied Keyword: single-stranded DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: subunit interaction.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/21.7.1855
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vine, E.
T1  - Promoting emerging energy-efficiency technologies and practices by utilities in a restructured energy industry: a report from California
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
SN  - 03605442
AB  - The potential energy savings from emerging technologies (i.e. those technologies emerging from research and development) represent a significant resource to California and the US. This paper describes how California''s investor-owned utilities (IOUs) have been promoting emerging technologies over the past three years to increase energy efficiency in the buildings sector. During these years, the IOUs have experienced significant changes in their regulatory environment as part of the restructuring of the energy industry in California. These regulatory changes have impacted the way emerging technologies are treated by the regulatory community and the IOUs. After reviewing these changes, the paper concludes by discussing potential opportunities to improve the market penetration of emerging technologies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARCHITECTURE & energy conservation
KW  - MARKET penetration
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
N1  - Accession Number: 7740977; Vine, E. 1; Email Address: elvine@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Tech. Division, Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-2000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p317; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURE & energy conservation; Subject Term: MARKET penetration; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Redfield, Elizabeth
AU  - Barns, Susan M.
AU  - Belnap, Jayne
AU  - Daane, Lori L.
AU  - Kuske, Cheryl R.
T1  - Comparative diversity and composition of cyanobacteria in three predominant soil crusts of the Colorado Plateau
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 01686496
AB  - Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRF or T-RFLP) analysis and 16S rDNA sequence analysis from clone libraries were used to examine cyanobacterial diversity in three types of predominant soil crusts in an arid grassland. Total DNA was extracted from cyanobacteria-, lichen-, or moss-dominated crusts that represent different successional stages in crust development, and which contribute different amounts of carbon and nitrogen into the ecosystem. Cyanobacterial 16S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR using cyanobacteria-specific 16S rDNA primers. Both TRF and clone sequence analyses indicated that the cyanobacterial crust type is dominated by strains of Microcoleus vaginatus, but also contains other cyanobacterial genera. In the moss crust, M. vaginatus-related sequences were also the most abundant types, together with sequences from moss chloroplasts. In contrast, sequences obtained from the lichen crust were surprisingly diverse, representing numerous genera, but including only two from M. vaginatus relatives. By obtaining clone sequence information, we were able to infer the composition of many peaks observed in TRF profiles, and all peaks predicted for clone sequences were observed in TRF analysis. This study provides the first TRF analysis of biological soil crusts and the first DNA-based comparison of cyanobacterial diversity between lichen-, cyano- and moss-dominated crusts. Results indicate that for this phylogenetic group, TRF analysis, in conjunction with limited sequence analysis, can provide accurate information about the composition and relative abundance of cyanobacterial types in soil crust communities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Ecology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - SOILS
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - COLORADO Plateau
KW  - 16S rRNA sequencing
KW  - Arid land soil
KW  - Biological soil crust
KW  - Cyanobacterial diversity
KW  - Cyanobacterium
KW  - Desert soil
KW  - Terminal restriction fragment analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 7808712; Redfield, Elizabeth 1 Barns, Susan M. 1 Belnap, Jayne 2 Daane, Lori L. 1 Kuske, Cheryl R. 1; Email Address: kuske@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: United States Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Moab, UT 84532, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: COLORADO Plateau; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16S rRNA sequencing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arid land soil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological soil crust; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyanobacterial diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyanobacterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desert soil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terminal restriction fragment analysis; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baltrus, John P.
AU  - Diehl, J. Rodney
AU  - Soong, Yee
AU  - Sands, William
T1  - Triboelectrostatic separation of fly ash and charge reversal
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 81
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 757
SN  - 00162361
AB  - Triboelectrostatic separation has been investigated as a method for separating unburned carbon from coal combustion fly ash. It was found that when a fly ash is exposed to moisture before it undergoes separation, the charging properties of the components of the fly ash change significantly. The mineral and carbon components of the fly ash appear to charge oppositely to how they were charged before exposure to moisture. A correlation was found between the degree of charge reversal and the relative amounts of leachable ions, especially calcium and sodium ions, present on the surface of the ash. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLY ash
KW  - ELECTROSTATIC separators
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Triboelectrification
KW  - Triboelectrostatic separation
N1  - Accession Number: 7761460; Baltrus, John P.; Email Address: john.baltrus@netl.doe.gov Diehl, J. Rodney 1 Soong, Yee 1 Sands, William; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 81 Issue 6, p757; Subject Term: FLY ash; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATIC separators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fly ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triboelectrification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triboelectrostatic separation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waychunas, G.A.
AU  - Fuller, C.C.
AU  - Davis, J.A.
T1  - Surface complexation and precipitate geometry for aqueous Zn(II) sorption on ferrihydrite I: X-ray absorption extended fine structure spectroscopy analysis
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 66
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1119
SN  - 00167037
AB  - “Two-line” ferrihydrite samples precipitated and then exposed to a range of aqueous Zn solutions (10−5 to 10−3 M), and also coprecipitated in similar Zn solutions (pH 6.5), have been examined by Zn and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Typical Zn complexes on the surface have Zn-O distances of 1.97(.02) A˚ and coordination numbers of about 4.0(0.5), consistent with tetrahedral oxygen coordination. This contrasts with Zn-O distances of 2.11(.02) A˚ and coordination numbers of 6 to 7 in the aqueous Zn solutions used in sample preparation. X-ray absorption extended fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) fits to the second shell of cation neighbors indicate as many as 4 Zn-Fe neighbors at 3.44(.04) A˚ in coprecipitated samples, and about two Zn-Fe neighbors at the same distance in adsorption samples. In both sets of samples, the fitted coordination number of second shell cations decreases as sorption density increases, indicating changes in the number and type of available complexing sites or the onset of competitive precipitation processes. Comparison of our results with the possible geometries for surface complexes and precipitates suggests that the Zn sorption complexes are inner sphere and at lowest adsorption densities are bidentate, sharing apical oxygens with adjacent edge-sharing Fe(O,OH)6 octahedra. Coprecipitation samples have complexes with similar geometry, but these are polydentate, sharing apices with more than two adjacent edge-sharing Fe(O,OH)6 polyhedra. The results are inconsistent with Zn entering the ferrihydrite structure (i.e., solid solution formation) or formation of other Zn-Fe precipitates. The fitted Zn-Fe coordination numbers drop with increasing Zn density with a minimum of about 0.8(.2) at Zn/(Zn + Fe) of 0.08 or more. This change appears to be attributable to the onset of precipitation of zinc hydroxide polymers with mainly tetrahedral Zn coordination. At the highest loadings studied, the nature of the complexes changes further, and a second type of precipitate forms. This has a structure based on a brucite layer topology, with mainly octahedral Zn coordination. Amorphous zinc hydroxide samples prepared for comparison had a closely similar local structure. Analysis of the Fe K-edge EXAFS is consistent with surface complexation reactions and surface precipitation at high Zn loadings with little or no Fe-Zn solid solution formation. The formation of Zn-containing precipitates at solution conditions two or more orders of magnitude below their solubility limit is compared with other sorption and spectroscopic studies that describe similar behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ADSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 7772071; Waychunas, G.A. 1; Email Address: gawaychunas@lbl.gov Fuller, C.C. 2 Davis, J.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Geochemistry Department, MS 70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 66 Issue 7, p1119; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eick, Stephen G.
AU  - Graves, Todd L.
AU  - Karr, Alan F.
AU  - Mockus, Audris
AU  - Schuster, Paul
T1  - Visualizing Software Changes.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
EP  - 412
SN  - 00985589
AB  - A key problem in software engineering is changing the code. We present a sequence of visualizations and visual metaphors designed to help engineers understand and manage the software change process. The principal metaphors are matrix views, cityscapes, bar and pie charts, data sheets, and networks. Linked by selection mechanisms, multiple views are combined to form perspectives that both enable discovery of high-level structure in software change data and allow effective access to details of those data. Use of the views and perspectives is illustrated in two important contexts: understanding software change by exploration of software change data and management of software development. Our approach complements existing visualizations of software structure and software execution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - VISUAL programming languages (Computer science)
KW  - change management.
KW  - code structure
KW  - reengineering
KW  - software changes
N1  - Accession Number: 11935412; Eick, Stephen G. 1; Email Address: eick@visualinsights.com Graves, Todd L. 2; Email Address: tgraves@lanl.gov Karr, Alan F. 3; Email Address: karr@niss.org Mockus, Audris 4; Email Address: audris@research.bell-labs.com Schuster, Paul; Affiliation:  1: Visual Insights, 215 Shuman Blvd., Naperville, IL 60566.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  3: National Institute of Statistical Sciences, PO Box 14006, Research Triangle Park NC 27707-4006.  4: Bell Laboratories, 263 Shuman Blvd., Naperville, IL 60566.; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p396; Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: VISUAL programming languages (Computer science); Author-Supplied Keyword: change management.; Author-Supplied Keyword: code structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: reengineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: software changes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, J.H.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
T1  - Intermediate-temperature mechanical properties of Ni–Si alloys: oxygen embrittlement and its remedies
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
SN  - 09669795
AB  - With good corrosion resistance, reasonable room-temperature ductility, and excellent strength up to temperatures of 700 °C, Ni3Si-based alloys show considerable potential for structural applications. The Ni–Si alloys used for acid-corrosion resistance suffer from a dynamic environmental embrittlement when tested at intermediate temperatures around 600 °C. To assess these Ni–Si alloys for elevated-temperature structural application, the mechanical properties of these alloys strengthened by Ni3Si precipitates were systematically evaluated at different temperatures in various test environments. Oxygen was identified as the embrittling species responsible for the low ductility and premature fracture of the Ni–Si alloys. A strong dependence of elongation and fracture mode on strain rate was observed. Based on the understanding of the embrittlement mechanism, some unique approaches for improving the intermediate-temperature ductility, strength and fabricability of Ni–Ni3Si alloys were identified: reactive element doping (such as Zr and Y) to change the grain boundary chemistry; preoxidation to form adherent oxide layers; and thermomechanical processing to tailor the grain structure/shape. Some other properties such as creep resistance and weldability of these alloys were also briefly evaluated and are discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION resistant materials
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
KW  - A. Silicides
KW  - B. Alloy design
KW  - B. Environmental embrittlement
KW  - B. Mechanical properties at high temperatures
KW  - various
N1  - Accession Number: 7761758; Zhu, J.H. 1; Email Address: jzhu@tntech.edu Liu, C.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, TTU Box 5041, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Mail Stop 6115, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 10 Issue 4, p309; Subject Term: CORROSION resistant materials; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Silicides; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Alloy design; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Environmental embrittlement; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Mechanical properties at high temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: various; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
T1  - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance detection: principles and experimental configurations
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 215
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry is based on image current detection of coherently excited ion cyclotron motion. The detected signal magnitude and peak shape may be understood from idealized behavior: single ion, zero-pressure, spatially uniform magnetic field, three-dimensional axial quadrupolar electrostatic trapping potential, and spatially uniform resonant alternating electric field. In practice, deviation from any of the above conditions will shift, distort, split, and/or coalesce FT-ICR mass spectral peaks. Fortunately, such peak distortions may typically be avoided by appropriate experimental design and/or greatly minimized by internal frequency-to-m/z calibration. Various aspects of modern FT-ICR detection (hardware and software) are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Fourier transform
KW  - FTMS
KW  - ICR
KW  - Ion cyclotron resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 7776526; Marshall, Alan G. Hendrickson, Christopher L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 215 Issue 1-3, p59; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ICR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion cyclotron resonance; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knight, A.K.
AU  - Sperline, R.P.
AU  - Hieftje, G.M.
AU  - Young, E.
AU  - Barinaga, C.J.
AU  - Koppenaal, D.W.
AU  - Denton, M.B.
T1  - The development of a micro-Faraday array for ion detection
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 215
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
SN  - 13873806
AB  - A micro-Faraday array detector was evaluated for use as an ion detector for mass spectrometry. This charge-integrating detector was based upon the merging of technologies from the fields of CCDs and infrared (IR) multiplexers. Measurements were performed by exposing the detector to an Ar+ ion beam of low flux. The array detector responds to both positive and negative charges and preliminary results indicate a detection limit of 100 ions. Current data indicate that the linear dynamic range of the device is over five orders of magnitude. The capability of the device to perform specialized charge read out modes could theoretically both lower the detection limit by a factor of seven and increase the linear dynamic range to nine orders of magnitude using non-destructive read outs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED array detectors
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Array
KW  - Faraday cup
KW  - Faraday finger
KW  - Faraday plate
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Ion
KW  - Ion detection
KW  - Ion detector
KW  - Mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7776531; Knight, A.K. 1 Sperline, R.P. 1 Hieftje, G.M. 2 Young, E. 3 Barinaga, C.J. 4 Koppenaal, D.W. 4 Denton, M.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  3: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 215 Issue 1-3, p131; Subject Term: INFRARED array detectors; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Faraday cup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Faraday finger; Author-Supplied Keyword: Faraday plate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salem, Ahmed
AU  - Ravat, Dhananjay
AU  - Gamey, T. Jeffrey
AU  - Ushijima, Keisuke
T1  - Analytic signal approach and its applicability in environmental magnetic investigations
JO  - Journal of Applied Geophysics
JF  - Journal of Applied Geophysics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 49
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 09269851
AB  - We investigate the analytic signal method and its applicability in obtaining source locations of compact environmental magnetic objects. Previous investigations have shown that, for two-dimensional magnetic sources, the shape and location of the maxima of the amplitude of the analytic signal (AAS) are independent of the magnetization direction. In this study, we show that the shape of the AAS over magnetic dipole or sphere source is dependent on the direction of magnetization and, consequently, the maxima of the AAS are not always located directly over the dipolar sources. Maximum shift in the horizontal location is obtained for magnetic inclination of 30°. The shifts of the maxima are a function of the source-to-observation distance and they can be up to 30% of the distance. We also present a method of estimating the depths of compact magnetic objects based on the ratio of the AAS of the magnetic anomaly to the AAS of the vertical gradient of the magnetic anomaly. The estimated depths are independent of the magnetization direction. With the help of magnetic anomalies over environmental targets of buried steel drums, we show that the depths can be reliably estimated in most cases. Therefore, the analytic signal approach can be useful in estimating source locations of compact magnetic objects. However, horizontal locations of the targets derived from the maximum values of the AAS must be verified using other techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Geophysics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETIC anomalies
KW  - Analytic signal
KW  - Depth estimation
KW  - Environmental
KW  - Magnetic
N1  - Accession Number: 7825962; Salem, Ahmed 1; Email Address: Salem@mine.kyushu-u.ac.jp Ravat, Dhananjay 2 Gamey, T. Jeffrey 3 Ushijima, Keisuke 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan  2: Department of Geology MS 4234, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 49 Issue 4, p231; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC anomalies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytic signal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depth estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tiquia, S.M
T1  - Evolution of extracellular enzyme activities during manure composting.
JO  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 764
EP  - 775
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13645072
AB  - Aims: The objectives of this work were to determine the extracellular enzyme profiles during composting, relate the activities of these enzymes to the changes in microbial population and compare the enzyme profiles between two manures. Methods and Results: API ZYMTM assay was used to monitor the activities of 19 extracellular enzymes during poultry and pig manure composting. Results showed an overall increase in diversity and relative abundance of enzymes present. The relative abundance and activities of enzymes were higher in poultry manure than in pig manure. Among the 19 enzymes tested, esterase, valine amino-peptidase and α-galactosidase were the most abundant enzymes in poultry manure, whereas it was N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase for the pig manure. A number of these enzymes correlated with change in numbers of different microbial groups during composting. Conclusions: The composting process represented a combined activity of a wide succession of environments, as one enzyme/microbial group overlapped the other and each emerged gradually due to the continual change in temperature and progressive breakdown of complex compounds to simpler ones. Significance and Impact of the Study: The results presented here show the applicability of the API ZYMTM test not only in monitoring the quantitative and qualitative fluctuation of the available substrate during composting, but also in revealing differences in composts and compost maturity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Compost
KW  - Extracellular enzymes
N1  - Accession Number: 6527807; Tiquia, S.M 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 92 Issue 4, p764; Thesaurus Term: Compost; Subject Term: Extracellular enzymes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562219 Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325314 Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01582.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Jeongkon
AU  - Choi, Heechul
T1  - Modeling in situ ozonation for the remediation of nonvolatile PAH-contaminated unsaturated soils
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 55
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Mathematical models were developed to investigate the characteristics of gaseous ozone transport under various soil conditions and the feasibility of in situ ozone venting for the remediation of unsaturated soils contaminated with phenanthrene. On the basis of assumptions for the mass transfer and reactions of ozone, three approaches were considered: equilibrium, kinetic, and lump models. Water-saturation-dependent reactions of gaseous ozone with soil organic matter (SOM) and phenanthrene were employed. The models were solved numerically by using the finite-difference method, and the model parameters were determined by using the experimental data of Hsu [The use of gaseous ozone to remediate the organic contaminants in the unsaturated soils, PhD Thesis, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI, 1995].The transport of gas-phase ozone is significantly retarded by ozone consumption due to reactions with SOM and phenanthrene, in addition to dissolution. An operation time of 156 h was required to completely remove phenanthrene in a 5-m natural soil column. In actual situations, however, the operation time is likely to be longer than the ideal time because of unknown factors including heterogeneity of the porous medium and the distribution of SOM and contaminant. The ozone transport front length was found to be very limited (<1 m). The sensitivity analysis indicated that SOM is the single most important factor affecting in situ ozonation for the remediation of unsaturated soil contaminated with phenanthrene. Models were found to be insensitive to the reaction mechanisms of phenathrene with either gas-phase ozone or dissolved ozone. More study is required to quantify the effect of OH· formation on the removal of contaminant and on ozone transport in the subsurface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ozonization
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - In situ oxidation
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Ozonation
KW  - Phenanthrene
KW  - Soil organic matter
KW  - Unsaturated soil
N1  - Accession Number: 7772663; Kim, Jeongkon 1; Email Address: JKKim@lbl.gov; Choi, Heechul 2; Email Address: hcchoi@kjist.ac.kr; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 2: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kwang-Ju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong Buk-gu 500-712, Kwang-Ju, South Korea; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 55 Issue 3/4, p261; Thesaurus Term: Ozonization; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozonation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenanthrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated soil; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khuebachova, M.
AU  - Verzillo, V.
AU  - Skrabana, R.
AU  - Ovecka, M.
AU  - Vaccaro, P.
AU  - Panni, S.
AU  - Bradbury, A.
AU  - Novak, M.
T1  - Mapping the C terminal epitope of the Alzheimer's disease specific antibody MN423
JO  - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 262
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 00221759
AB  - The mapping of monoclonal antibody epitopes is now predominantly carried out using molecular diversity techniques, phage display in particular. However, until very recently, phage display methods have been inappropriate for the analysis of epitopes that require a free carboxy terminus. Here we describe the use of two different techniques to analyze the known C terminal epitope specificity of MN423, a monoclonal antibody specifically staining truncated tau in Alzheimer''s brain. Using a lambda phage based C-terminal random peptide library, and an intracellular expression library based on truncated tau, we show that this antibody has an absolute requirement for a glycine at position −3 with respect to the C terminus. Both methods give similar results, and identify other important residues in the binding site. However, affinity analysis of synthetic peptides revealed that the affinity of the antibody for identified tripeptides was far lower than the pentapeptide sequence in the native target, and that this in turn was considerably below the affinity for the native target itself. This suggests that molecular diversity methods may define minimum, but not necessarily complete epitopes. The methods described here have a general application to the analysis of antibody epitopes suspected to be found at the C terminus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Immunological Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - ANTIGENIC determinants
KW  - ALZHEIMER'S disease
KW  - 3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPS)
KW  - Alzheimer's disease (AD)
KW  - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
KW  - horseradish peroxidase (HRPO)
KW  - neurofibrillary tangles (NT)
KW  - paired helical filaments (PHF)
KW  - polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)
N1  - Accession Number: 7797831; Khuebachova, M. 1 Verzillo, V. 2,3 Skrabana, R. 4 Ovecka, M. 1 Vaccaro, P. 5 Panni, S. 5 Bradbury, A. 2,3; Email Address: amb@telomere.lanl.gov Novak, M. 1; Email Address: nilunova@savba.savba.sk; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 842 45 Bratislava, Slovakia  2: SISSA-ISAS, International School for Advanced Studies, Trieste, Italy  3: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-M888,Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: DanubeClone s.r.o. 842 45, Bratislava, Slovakia  5: Universita' degli Studi Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 262 Issue 1/2, p205; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Subject Term: ANTIGENIC determinants; Subject Term: ALZHEIMER'S disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Alzheimer's disease (AD); Author-Supplied Keyword: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Author-Supplied Keyword: horseradish peroxidase (HRPO); Author-Supplied Keyword: neurofibrillary tangles (NT); Author-Supplied Keyword: paired helical filaments (PHF); Author-Supplied Keyword: polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Busby, J.T.
AU  - Was, G.S.
AU  - Kenik, E.A.
T1  - Isolating the effect of radiation-induced segregation in irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 302
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Post-irradiation annealing was used to help identify the role of radiation-induced segregation (RIS) in irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) by preferentially removing dislocation loop damage from proton-irradiated austenitic stainless steels while leaving the RIS of major and minor alloying elements largely unchanged. The goal of this study is to better understand the underlying mechanisms of IASCC. Simulations of post-irradiation annealing of RIS and dislocation loop microstructure predicted that dislocation loops would be removed preferentially over RIS due to both thermodynamic and kinetic considerations. To verify the simulation predictions, a series of post-irradiation annealing experiments were performed. Both a high purity 304L (HP-304L) and a commercial purity 304 (CP-304) stainless steel alloy were irradiated with 3.2 MeV protons at 360 <f>°</f>C to doses of 1.0 and 2.5 dpa. Following irradiation, post-irradiation anneals were performed at temperatures ranging from 400 to 650 <f>°</f>C for times between 45 and 90 min. Grain boundary composition was measured using scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometry in both as-irradiated and annealed samples. The dislocation loop population and radiation-induced hardness were also measured in as-irradiated and annealed specimens. At all annealing temperatures above 500 <f>°</f>C, the hardness and dislocation densities decreased with increasing annealing time or temperature much faster than RIS. Annealing at 600 <f>°</f>C for 90 min removed virtually all dislocation loops while leaving RIS virtually unchanged. Cracking susceptibility in the CP-304 alloy was mitigated rapidly during post-irradiation annealing, faster than RIS, dislocation loop density or hardening. That the cracking susceptibility changed while the grain boundary chromium composition remained essentially unchanged indicates that Cr depletion is not the primary determinator for IASCC susceptibility. For the same reason, the visible dislocation microstructure and radiation-induced hardening are also not sufficient to cause IASCC alone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS corrosion
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - AUSTENITIC stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 7769318; Busby, J.T. 1; Email Address: jbusby@engin.umich.edu Was, G.S. 1 Kenik, E.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Michigan, 2937 Cooley Building, 2355 Bonisteel Blvd. Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 302 Issue 1, p20; Subject Term: STRESS corrosion; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: AUSTENITIC stainless steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hassanein, Ahmed
T1  - Modeling hydrogen and helium entrapment in flowing liquid metal surfaces as plasma-facing components in fusion devices
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 302
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 00223115
AB  - In a fusion reactor, the ability to use liquids as plasma-facing components (PFCs) depends on their interaction with the plasma and the magnetic field. One important issue for the moving liquid is the ability to entrain particles that strike the PFC surface (helium and hydrogen isotopes) while accommodating high heat loads. To study this problem, an analytical model and a two-dimensional comprehensive numerical model have been developed and implemented in the HEIGHTS computer simulation package. The models take into account the kinetics of particle injection, motion and interactions with the liquid lattice, and the ultimate release from the surface. The models were used to investigate an important issue, whether He particles can be pumped by the PFC liquid rather than requiring a standard vacuum system. Hydrogen isotope (DT) particles that strike the surface will likely be trapped in the liquid–metal surface (e.g., lithium) due to the high chemical solubility of hydrogen. The impinging He particles in the established low-recycling regime at PFCs could be harder to pump using the standard vacuum pumping techniques. The analysis results indicate a reasonable chance of adequate helium self-trapping in flowing lithium as PFC without active pumping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 7769319; Hassanein, Ahmed 1; Email Address: hassanein@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 302 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nilsson, Carol L.
AU  - Cooper, Helen J.
AU  - Håkansson, Kristina
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Östberg, Yngve
AU  - Lavrinovicha, Marija
AU  - Bergström, Sven
T1  - Characterization of the p13 membrane protein of Borrelia burgdorferi by mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a tick-borne pathogen that causes Lyme disease. The characterization of membrane proteins from this and other pathogens may yield a better understanding of the mechanisms of infection and information useful for vaccine design. Characterization of the highly hydrophobic Borrelia outer membrane component P13 from a mutant (OspA− OspB− OspC− and OspD−) strain was undertaken by use of a combination of mass spectrometric methods. In a previous investigation, an electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrum of the intact protein provided an average molecular weight that was 20 Da lower than the predicted molecular weight. The mass deviation could be explained by a modification of the N-terminus of the protein such as pyroglutamylation (−17 Da) in combination with the experimental error of measurement, however more information was required. New structural information for this membrane protein was provided by peptide mapping with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) and sequencing with ESI-quadrupole-TOF tandem MS. ESI Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) MS at 9.4 tesla revealed that the Borrelia membrane protein is not only pyroglutamylated, but also contains an amino acid substitution near the N-terminus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - BORRELIA burgdorferi
KW  - LYME disease
N1  - Accession Number: 7775779; Nilsson, Carol L. 1; Email Address: carol.nilsson@medkem.gu.se Cooper, Helen J. 2 Håkansson, Kristina 2 Marshall, Alan G. 2 Östberg, Yngve 3 Lavrinovicha, Marija 3 Bergström, Sven 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden  2: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, USA  3: Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p295; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Subject Term: BORRELIA burgdorferi; Subject Term: LYME disease; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tolmachev, Aleksey V.
AU  - Masselon, Christophe D.
AU  - Anderson, Gordon A.
AU  - Udseth, Harold R.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Frequency shifts due to the interference of resolved peaks in magnitude-mode fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
SN  - 10440305
AB  - We have obtained relationships for frequency shifts resulting from the interference of spectral components for the magnitude mode Fourier transform. The approximation of a weak perturbation of well resolved peaks has been used. Both the low- and high-pressure limits for Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) operation have been considered. We have found that the shifts can be either negative or positive, depending on the initial phase and/or the choice of the time-domain interval. The magnitude of shifts generally does not exceed the peak width. In the approximation of small perturbations the shifts produced by multiple peaks are additive. We have compared theoretical results with experimental shifts for isotopic clusters of multiply charged insulin. Up to 1 ppm frequency variations were experimentally observed for the insulin 5+ charge state, consistent with theoretical estimates. The peak interference is of particular significance in the case of bio-molecular mass spectra having a large number of peaks and covering a considerable dynamic range (i.e., relative abundance). We conclude that the common mass measurement procedure based on the location of the magnitude mode maxima of well resolved peaks can result in systematic mass measurement errors. The relationships obtained provide corrections for the frequency shifts and thus improve the mass measurement accuracy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7775790; Tolmachev, Aleksey V. 1 Masselon, Christophe D. 1 Anderson, Gordon A. 1 Udseth, Harold R. 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: dick.smith@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p387; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swadener, J.G.
AU  - George, E.P.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
T1  - The correlation of the indentation size effect measured with indenters of various shapes
JO  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
JF  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 50
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
SN  - 00225096
AB  - Experimental results are presented which show that the indentation size effect for pyramidal and spherical indenters can be correlated. For a pyramidal indenter, the hardness measured in crystalline materials usually increases with decreasing depth of penetration, which is known as the indentation size effect. Spherical indentation also shows an indentation size effect. However, for a spherical indenter, hardness is not affected by depth, but increases with decreasing sphere radius. The correlation for pyramidal and spherical indenter shapes is based on geometrically necessary dislocations and work-hardening. The Nix and Gao indentation size effect model (J. Mech. Phys. Solids 46 (1998) 411) for conical indenters is extended to indenters of various shapes and compared to the experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - A. Dislocations
KW  - C. Mechanical testing
KW  - Indentation and hardness
KW  - Strengthening and mechanisms
N1  - Accession Number: 7763929; Swadener, J.G. 1,2; Email Address: swadener@lanl.gov George, E.P. 1 Pharr, G.M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 50 Issue 4, p681; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Mechanical testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indentation and hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strengthening and mechanisms; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiang, X.-D.
AU  - Gao, C.
T1  - Quantitative complex electrical impedance microscopy by scanning evanescent microwave microscope
JO  - Materials Characterization
JF  - Materials Characterization
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 48
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 10445803
AB  - Quantitative electrical impedance microscopy has been recently achieved using the scanning evanescent microwave microscope with the help of analytical solution of near-field interactions. The historical perspectives and fundamental physics involved in this field are reviewed. The experimental techniques and theoretical approach are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Characterization is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - ELECTRIC impedance
KW  - Electrical impedance microscopy
KW  - Evanescent microwave probe
KW  - Scanning probe microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7874342; Xiang, X.-D. 1; Email Address: xiao-dong.xiang@sri.com Gao, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 48 Issue 2/3, p117; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRIC impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical impedance microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evanescent microwave probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning probe microscopy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, Scott A.
T1  - A potential role in spintronics
JO  - Materials Today
JF  - Materials Today
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
SN  - 13697021
AB  - The essential aim of spin electronics, or spintronics, is to use the spin of quantum mechanical particles to carry signals and process information. Conventional electronics technology relies on the charges of electrons and holes for this purpose. Signals consist of voltage pulses, each of which is a bundle of charged carriers. Furthermore, conventional digital electronics is classical in nature in that bits are defined in terms of such discrete charge pulses. Here, a ‘1’ bit may be represented by a negative voltage pulse whereas a ‘0’ bit would be the absence of such a pulse.Devices continue to diminish in size in order to achieve higher speeds. As this shrinkage occurs, design parameters are impacted in such a way that the materials in current use are pushed to their limits. Moore’s Law states that the logic density, or amount of storable information per unit area, in silicon-based integrated circuits doubles every 18 months. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPINTRONICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7792066; Chambers, Scott A. 1; Email Address: sa.chambers@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p34; Subject Term: SPINTRONICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hlavacek, William S.
AU  - Percus, Jerome K.
AU  - Percus, Ora E.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
AU  - Wofsy, Carla
T1  - Retention of antigen on follicular dendritic cells and B lymphocytes through complement-mediated multivalent ligand–receptor interactions: theory and application to HIV treatment
JO  - Mathematical Biosciences
JF  - Mathematical Biosciences
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 176
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 00255564
AB  - In HIV-infected patients, large quantities of HIV are associated with follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in lymphoid tissue. During antiretroviral therapy, most of this virus disappears after six months of treatment, suggesting that FDC-associated virus has little influence on the eventual outcome of long-term therapy. However, a recent theoretical study using a stochastic model for the interaction of HIV with FDCs indicated that some virus may be retained on FDCs for years, where it can potentially reignite infection if treatment is interrupted. In that study, an approximate expression was used to estimate the time an individual virion remains on FDCs during therapy. Here, we determine the conditions under which this approximation is valid, and we develop expressions for the time a virion spends in any bound state and for the effect of rebinding on retention. We find that rebinding, which is influenced by diffusion, may play a major role in retention of HIV on FDCs. We also consider the possibility that HIV is retained on B cells during therapy, which like FDCs also interact with HIV. We find that virus associated with B cells is unlikely to persist during therapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Biosciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV-positive persons
KW  - DENDRITIC cells
KW  - LYMPHOID tissue
KW  - B lymphocyte
KW  - Birth–death Markov chain
KW  - Follicular dendritic cell
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - Immune memory
KW  - Multivalent ligand–receptor binding
N1  - Accession Number: 7773360; Hlavacek, William S. 1; Email Address: wish@lanl.gov Percus, Jerome K. 2 Percus, Ora E. 2 Perelson, Alan S. 1 Wofsy, Carla 3; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA  3: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 176 Issue 2, p185; Subject Term: HIV-positive persons; Subject Term: DENDRITIC cells; Subject Term: LYMPHOID tissue; Author-Supplied Keyword: B lymphocyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Birth–death Markov chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Follicular dendritic cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immune memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivalent ligand–receptor binding; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bergmann, Uwe
AU  - Glatzel, Pieter
AU  - Cramer, Stephen P.
T1  - Bulk-sensitive XAS characterization of light elements: from X-ray Raman scattering to X-ray Raman spectroscopy
JO  - Microchemical Journal
JF  - Microchemical Journal
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 71
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
SN  - 0026265X
AB  - X-Ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful tool for element-specific characterization of local structure and chemistry. Although application of XAS in the hard X-ray region is now routine, the soft X-ray region (containing light-element K-edges) presents a number of experimental problems. Most of the difficulties, including surface sensitivity, restricted sample environments, and radiation damage, stem from the submicron path lengths of soft X-rays and/or electrons. X-Ray Raman scattering (XRS) provides a means for obtaining the information content of soft X-ray spectra while maintaining the experimental benefits of hard X-ray techniques. In the XRS process, an incident photon is inelastically scattered and part of its energy is transferred to excite an inner shell electron into an unoccupied state. Under the dipole approximation, the resulting features are identical to the corresponding XAS spectrum. In the past, the extremely low cross-section of XRS has made this technique impractical, but intense new X-ray facilities and improvements in X-ray optics have helped to put XRS on the brink of becoming a routine spectroscopic tool. At present, high-quality X-ray Raman spectra can be obtained in minutes to hours. X-Ray Raman spectroscopy thus represents a hard X-ray alternative to conventional XAS techniques in the study of systems with light elements, including C, N and O. In this review we describe the technique, present examples of recent work, and discuss the prospects for the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT elements
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - Bulk-sensitive XAS characterization
KW  - Inelastic X-ray scattering
KW  - Light elements
KW  - X-Ray Raman scattering
KW  - X-Ray Raman spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7774120; Bergmann, Uwe 1,2; Email Address: ubergmann@lbl.gov Glatzel, Pieter 2 Cramer, Stephen P. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: MS 6-2100, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 71 Issue 2/3, p221; Subject Term: LIGHT elements; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulk-sensitive XAS characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-Ray Raman scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-Ray Raman spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bishop, Darrell B.
AU  - McCool, Geoffrey D.
AU  - Nelson, Art J.
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
AU  - Baumann, Theodore F.
AU  - Fox, Glenn A.
AU  - DeWitt, Jane G.
AU  - Andrews, Joy C.
T1  - X-Ray absorption spectroscopy of thiacrown compounds used in the remediation of mercury contaminated water
JO  - Microchemical Journal
JF  - Microchemical Journal
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 71
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 0026265X
AB  - Effective methods for the removal of mercury from water are in demand due to the high levels of mercury released from industrial and natural processes. Polymer pendant thiacrown compounds used for the sequestration of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions have shown great promise as effective tools for remediation. Three thiacrowns that have been used for mercury chelation, [18]aneS6 and [17]aneS5-polymer (with divinylbenzene) at two Hg(II) loadings, were examined by X-ray absorption spectroscopy in an attempt to determine the bonding configuration between the sulfurs of the thiacrown and the mercury. For Hg[18]aneS6, it was found that four of the possible six crown sulfur atoms were involved in mercury bonding. For the Hg[17]aneS5-polymer, it was found that three of the possible five crown sulfur atoms were involved in mercury bonding. These thiacrown components appear to form stable mercury complexes and should be effective agents for sequestering and potential recycling of mercury from water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - Mercury-contaminated water
KW  - Remediation
KW  - Sequestration
KW  - Thiacrown compounds
KW  - X-Ray absorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7774122; Bishop, Darrell B. 1 McCool, Geoffrey D. 1 Nelson, Art J. 2 Reynolds, John G. 2 Baumann, Theodore F. 2 Fox, Glenn A. 2 DeWitt, Jane G. 3 Andrews, Joy C. 1; Email Address: andrews@csuhayward.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, California State University Hayward, Hayward, CA 94542, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 71 Issue 2/3, p247; Subject Term: SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: MERCURY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury-contaminated water; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thiacrown compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-Ray absorption spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, W. J.
AU  - Strout, C. L.
AU  - DeSantis, T. Z.
AU  - Stilwell, J. L.
AU  - Carrano, A. V.
AU  - Andersen, G. L.
T1  - Sequence-specific identification of 18 pathogenic microorganisms using microarray technology
JO  - Molecular & Cellular Probes
JF  - Molecular & Cellular Probes
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 08908508
AB  - We have developed a Multi-Pathogen Identification (MPID) microarray for high confidence identification of eighteen pathogenic prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses. Analysis of amplified products from pathogen genomic DNA using microarray hybridization allows for highly specific and sensitive detection, and allows the discrimination between true amplification products and false positive amplification products that might be derived from primers annealing to non-target sequences. Species-specific primer sets were used to amplify multiple diagnostic regions unique to each individual pathogen. Amplified products were washed over the surface of the microarray, and labelled with phycoerythrin-streptavidin for fluorescence detection. A series of overlapping 20-mer oligonucleotide probes hybridize to the entire diagnostic region, while parallel hybridizations on the same surface allow simultaneous screening for all organisms. Comparison to probes that differ by a single mismatch at the central position reduced the contribution of non-specific hybridization. Samples containing individual pathogens were analyzed in separate experiments and the corresponding species-specific diagnostic regions were identified by fluorescence among their highly redundant probe sets. On average, 91% of the 53 660 pathogen probes on the MPID microarray performed as predicted. The limit of detection was found to be as little as 10 fg of B. anthracis DNA in samples that were amplified with six diagnostic primer-pairs. In contrast, PCR products were not observed at this concentration when identical samples were prepared and visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular & Cellular Probes is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms -- Identification
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - pathogen detection, PCR, GeneChip®, microarray, bioterrorist threat organisms.
N1  - Accession Number: 8504013; Wilson, W. J. 1 Strout, C. L. 1 DeSantis, T. Z. 1 Stilwell, J. L. 1 Carrano, A. V. 1 Andersen, G. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 , USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p119; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms -- Identification; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: pathogen detection, PCR, GeneChip®, microarray, bioterrorist threat organisms.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/mcpr.2001.0397
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watanabe, Koji
AU  - Furukawa, Yuji
AU  - Kumagai, Ken-Ichi
AU  - Borsa, Ferdinando
AU  - Gatteschi, Dante
T1  - 55 Mn-NMR Study of Internal Magnetic Structure of the Molecular Nanomagnet Mn 12 -Acetate.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 379
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1058725X
AB  - 55 Mn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements have been carried out in Mn12 clusters in order to investigate microscopically the magnetic properties of inner spin structure of the molecule in its high spin S=10 ground state. The external magnetic field dependence of 55 Mn-NMR spectrum gives a direct confirmation of the internal magnetic structure of the Mn12 cluster, in which spin moments of Mn 4+ (S=3/2) ions are polarized antiparallel to that of Mn 3+ (S=2) ions. It is proved that the microscopic spin configuration rotates rigidly when a field up to 8T is applied perpendicular to the easy-axis. Mn12 cluster Internal structure 55 Mn-NMR [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 10910811; Watanabe, Koji 1 Furukawa, Yuji 1 Kumagai, Ken-Ichi 1 Borsa, Ferdinando 2,3 Gatteschi, Dante 4; Affiliation:  1: Division of Physics, Graduate school of Science, Hokkaido University, Japan  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, USA  3: Dipartimento di Fisica "A Volta" e Unita'INFM di Pavia, Italy  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Italy; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 379 Issue 1, p185; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furukawa, Yuji
AU  - Aizawa, Kota
AU  - Kumagai, Ken-ichi
AU  - Lascialfari, Alessandro
AU  - Aldrovandi, Sergio
AU  - Borsa, Ferdinando
AU  - Sessoli, Roberta
AU  - Gatteschi, Dante
T1  - Spin Dynamics of the Molecular Nanomagnet Fe8 Studied by 1 H-NMR.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 379
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1058725X
AB  - The proton nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/ T 1 has been measured as a function of temperature (T=1.4-4.2K) and magnetic field (H=0.6-5T) in the Fe8 cluster in its high spin S=10 ground state. The strong temperature and field dependence of 1/ T 1 can be fitted well by using a simple model in terms of the thermal fluctuations of the total spin S=10 of the cluster originating from the spin-phonon interactions. 1/ T 1 data of protons in a partially deuterated Fe8 cluster is also reported. The results indicate that the spin phonon coupling constant is not affected by the change of mass of the isotopes in the Fe8 cluster. Nanomagnet Fe8 cluster nuclear magnetic resonance [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON -- Magnetic properties
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - SPIN-lattice relaxation
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 10910823; Furukawa, Yuji 1 Aizawa, Kota 1 Kumagai, Ken-ichi 1 Lascialfari, Alessandro 2 Aldrovandi, Sergio 2 Borsa, Ferdinando 2,3 Sessoli, Roberta 4 Gatteschi, Dante 4; Affiliation:  1: Division of Physics, Graduate school of Science, Hokkaido University,  Japan  2: Dipartimento di Fisica 'A Volta' e Unita'INFM di Pavia, Italy  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Italy; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 379 Issue 1, p191; Subject Term: IRON -- Magnetic properties; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: SPIN-lattice relaxation; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonzogni, A.A.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 136
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 95
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 837
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Experimental data on ground-- and excited--state properties for all known nuclei with mass number A=136 have been compiled and evaluated. States populated in radioactive decay as well as in nuclear reactions have been considered. For these nuclei, level and decay schemes, as well as tables of nuclear properties are presented. This work supersedes the 1994 evaluation by J.K. Tuli (1994Tu01).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ... [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR research
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 8508598; Sonzogni, A.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973--5000, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 95 Issue 4, p837; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 158p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/ndsh.2002.0008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alderman, J.
AU  - Job, P.K.
AU  - Martin, R.C.
AU  - Simmons, C.M.
AU  - Owen, G.D.
T1  - Measurement of radiation-induced demagnetization of Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 481
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets are highly desirable for use in the insertion devices of synchrotron radiation sources due to their high remanence, or residual magnetic induction, and intrinsic coercivity. However, the radiation environment within high-energy storage rings makes essential the determination of the degree of radiation sensitivity as well as the mechanisms of radiation-induced demagnetization. Sample Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets were irradiated at the Advanced Photon Source with bending magnet X-rays up to an absorbed dose of approximately 280 Mrad (1 Mrad=10kGy). Sample magnets were also irradiated with 60Co <f>γ</f>-rays up to an absorbed dose of 700 Mrad at the National Institute of Standards and Technology''s standard gamma irradiation facility. Changes in the residual induction were found to be within the experimental uncertainties for both the X-ray and <f>γ</f>-ray irradiations. Sample Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets were then irradiated at Oak Ridge National Laboratory''s Californium User Facility for Neutron Science with fast neutrons up to a total fast fluence of 1.61×1014 n/cm2, and with thermal neutrons up to a total thermal fluence of 2.94×1012 n/cm2. The fast-neutron irradiation revealed changes between residual induction measurements of the sample magnets before and after irradiation of 0.6% and greater for fast-neutron fluence levels of 2×1013 n/cm2 and above. Thermal-neutron irradiation revealed changes in the residual induction measurements of the sample magnets before and after irradiation that were within the experimental uncertainties for thermal-neutron fluence levels up to 3×1012 n/cm2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - Insertion devices
KW  - Permanent magnets
KW  - Radiation damage
KW  - Synchrotron radiation sources
N1  - Accession Number: 7778819; Alderman, J. 1 Job, P.K. 1; Email Address: pkj@aps.anl.gov Martin, R.C. 2 Simmons, C.M. 2 Owen, G.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: APS Operations Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 401-B4157, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Californium User Facility for Neutron Science, Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 481 Issue 1-3, p9; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insertion devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permanent magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation sources; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cho, H.S.
AU  - Kadyk, J.
T1  - Investigation of metallization suitable for gas avalanche microdetectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 481
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Selected metals, such as aluminum, gold, chromium, nickel, titanium/tungsten (10%/90%) and tungsten, were used for the anode in the fabrication of microgap chambers (MGCs), in order to investigate metallization suitable for gas avalanche microdetectors that will be both highly robust against sparking and yet have sufficiently low resistivity to permit larger sizes of detectors without excessive signal loss. In this paper, the results of spark damage tests with these metals are presented, and an interpretation is made regarding the viability of uses of these metals for larger sizes of detectors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANODES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Gas avalanche detector
KW  - Microgap chamber
KW  - Spark damage
N1  - Accession Number: 7778836; Cho, H.S. 1; Email Address: hscho@dragon.yonsei.ac.kr Kadyk, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medical Engineering, Institute of Yonsei Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, 234 Maeji Heungup, Wonju 220-710, South Korea  2: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 481 Issue 1-3, p174; Subject Term: ANODES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas avalanche detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microgap chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spark damage; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorelov, I.
AU  - Gorfine, G.
AU  - Hoeferkamp, M.
AU  - Seidel, S.C.
AU  - Ciocio, A.
AU  - Einsweiler, K.
AU  - Gilchriese, M.
AU  - Joshi, A.
AU  - Kleinfelder, S.
AU  - Marchesini, R.
AU  - Milgrome, O.
AU  - Palaio, N.
AU  - Pengg, F.
AU  - Richardson, J.
AU  - Zizka, G.
AU  - Ackers, M.
AU  - Fischer, P.
AU  - Keil, M.
AU  - Meuser, S.
AU  - Stockmanns, T.
T1  - A measurement of Lorentz angle and spatial resolution of radiation hard silicon pixel sensors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 481
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Silicon pixel sensors developed by the ATLAS collaboration to meet LHC requirements and to withstand hadronic irradiation to fluences of up to <f>1015 neq/cm2</f> have been evaluated using a test beam facility at CERN providing a magnetic field. The Lorentz angle was measured and found to alter from <f>9.0°</f> before irradiation, when the detectors operated at <f>150 V</f> bias at <f>B=1.48 T</f>, to <f>3.1°</f> after irradiation and operating at <f>600 V</f> bias at <f>1.01 T</f>. In addition to the effect due to magnetic field variation, this change is explained by the variation of the electric field inside the detectors arising from the different bias conditions.The depletion depths of irradiated sensors at various bias voltages were also measured. At <f>600 V</f> bias <f>280 μm</f> thick sensors depleted to <f>&ap;200 μm</f> after irradiation at the design fluence of <f>1×1015 1 MeV neq/cm2</f> and were almost fully depleted at a fluence of <f>0.5×1015 1 MeV neq/cm2</f>.The spatial resolution was measured for angles of incidence between <f>0°</f> and <f>30°</f>. The optimal value was found to be better than <f>5.3 μm</f> before irradiation and <f>7.4 μm</f> after irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - Depletion depth
KW  - LHC
KW  - Lorentz angle
KW  - Radiation hardness
KW  - Silicon pixel detectors
KW  - Spatial resolution
N1  - Accession Number: 7778840; Gorelov, I. 1 Gorfine, G. 1 Hoeferkamp, M. 1 Seidel, S.C. 1 Ciocio, A. 2 Einsweiler, K. 2 Gilchriese, M. 2 Joshi, A. 2 Kleinfelder, S. 2 Marchesini, R. 2 Milgrome, O. 2 Palaio, N. 2 Pengg, F. 2 Richardson, J. 2 Zizka, G. 2 Ackers, M. 3 Fischer, P. 3 Keil, M. 3 Meuser, S. 3 Stockmanns, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: New Mexico Center for Particle Physics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM-87131, USA  2: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, CA-94720, USA  3: Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 481 Issue 1-3, p204; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: HADRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depletion depth; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lorentz angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon pixel detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial resolution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dragowsky, M.R.
AU  - Hamer, A.
AU  - Chan, Y.D.
AU  - Deal, R.
AU  - Earle, E.D.
AU  - Frati, W.
AU  - Gaudette, E.
AU  - Hallin, A.
AU  - Hearns, C.
AU  - Hewett, J.
AU  - Jonkmans, G.
AU  - Kajiyama, Y.
AU  - McDonald, A.B.
AU  - Moffat, B.A.
AU  - Norman, E.B.
AU  - Sur, B.
AU  - Tagg, N.
T1  - The 16N calibration source for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 481
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 284
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A calibration source using γ-rays from 16N (<f>t1/2=7.13</f> s) β-decay has been developed for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) for the purpose of energy and other calibrations. The 16N is produced via the (n,p) reaction on 16O in the form of CO2 gas using 14-MeV neutrons from a commercially available Deuterium-Tritium (DT) generator. The 16N is produced in a shielding pit in a utility room near the SNO cavity and transferred to the water volumes (D2O or H2O) in a CO2 gas stream via small diameter capillary tubing. The bulk of the activity decays in a decay/trigger chamber designed to block the energetic β-particles yet permit the primary branch 6.13 MeV γ-rays to exit. Detection of the coincident β-particles with plastic scintillator lining the walls of the decay chamber volume provides a tag for the SNO electronics. This paper gives details of the production, transfer, and triggering systems for this source along with a discussion of the source γ-ray output and performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - 16N β-decay
KW  - Energy calibration
KW  - Radioactive source
KW  - Solar neutrinos
KW  - Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
N1  - Accession Number: 7778846; Dragowsky, M.R. 1,2; Email Address: dragowsky@lanl.gov Hamer, A. 3 Chan, Y.D. 2 Deal, R. 4 Earle, E.D. 4 Frati, W. 5 Gaudette, E. 4 Hallin, A. 3 Hearns, C. 3 Hewett, J. 6 Jonkmans, G. 4 Kajiyama, Y. 2 McDonald, A.B. 3 Moffat, B.A. 3 Norman, E.B. 2 Sur, B. 4 Tagg, N. 7; Affiliation:  1: Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada K7L 3N6  4: Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ont., Canada K0J 1J0  5: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6396, USA  6: Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont., Canada P3E 2C6  7: University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 481 Issue 1-3, p284; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16N β-decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar neutrinos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sudbury Neutrino Observatory; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baek, I.
AU  - Iverson, E.B.
AU  - Carpenter, J.M.
T1  - The Monte Carlo simulation of neutron transmitted and scattered by disk choppers of various compositions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 481
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 422
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We consider the transmission of neutrons through disk-type neutron choppers, considering both the uncollided neutron fraction (<f>φu</f>) and scattered neutron fraction (<f>φs</f>). We have computed <f>φu</f>, <f>φs</f>, and the ratio <f>φs/φu</f> through plates of five different absorber materials of various thicknesses to give information for selecting optimum materials and thicknesses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Chopper material
KW  - Disk chopper
KW  - MCNP
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Scattered neutron fractions
KW  - Uncollided neutron fractions
N1  - Accession Number: 7778858; Baek, I. 1; Email Address: inseok@anl.gov Iverson, E.B. 2 Carpenter, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA  2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 481 Issue 1-3, p422; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chopper material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disk chopper; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCNP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scattered neutron fractions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncollided neutron fractions; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Y.
AU  - Nishimura, H.
AU  - Robin, D.S.
AU  - Zholents, A.A.
AU  - Forest, E.
T1  - Mini-beta lattice for the femto-second X-ray source at the Advanced Light Source
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 481
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 675
SN  - 01689002
AB  - After generating the first femto-second X-ray pulses at the Advanced Light Source (ALS), it becomes critical to improve the flux of this femto-second source for user experiments. A narrow-gap in-vacuum undulator has been proposed to be installed in one of the ALS straight sections. To realize the optimal performance of this undulator, a straight section lattice with a mini vertical beta function has been designed. Separation of electrons has been achieved by generating a sizable vertical dispersion via a local dispersion bump and a closed orbit bump. Particle tracking study shows that the modified ALS lattice for the femto-second X-ray source has an adequate dynamic aperture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - SYNTHETIC apertures
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - Dynamic aperture
KW  - Femtosecond X-ray source
KW  - Storage ring
N1  - Accession Number: 7778884; Wu, Y. 1; Email Address: ywu@lbl.gov Nishimura, H. 1 Robin, D.S. 1 Zholents, A.A. 1 Forest, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0810, Japan; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 481 Issue 1-3, p675; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC apertures; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic aperture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Femtosecond X-ray source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage ring; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peurrung, A.J.
T1  - On the long-range detection of radioactivity using electromagnetic radiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 481
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 731
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A series of recent publications (Tech. Phys. Lett. 19 (1993) 184; Atom. Ener. 80 (1996) 47; Atom. Ener. 80 (1996) 135; Physics–Uspekhi 168 (1998) 515; Izvestiya 28 (1992) 262; Geomagn. Aeron. 34 (1994) 229; J. Atmos. Solar-Terres. Phys. 59 (1997) 961; Stud. Geophs. Geod. 42 (1998) 197; Adv. Space Res. 20 (1997) 2173) has provided experimental evidence that radiation fields can be detected well beyond the 10–100-m limit that holds for conventional (direct) approaches for detecting radiation. The techniques that are claimed to provide this capability use remote electromagnetic interrogation to record changes atmospheric electrostatic parameters arising from elevated radiation levels. This paper examines the physics that underlies these proposed new approaches for detecting radiation. If found to be viable for applications, the proposed techniques would be highly significant as they directly address a variety of problems in national security and environmental monitoring. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - IONOSPHERE
KW  - Detection
KW  - Electromagnetic
KW  - Ionosphere
KW  - Radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 7778890; Peurrung, A.J. 1; Email Address: aj.peurrung@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, M/S P8-20, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 481 Issue 1-3, p731; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: IONOSPHERE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pozzi, Sara A.
AU  - Oberer, Richard B.
AU  - Chiang, Lisa G.
AU  - Mattingly, John K.
AU  - Mihalczo, John T.
T1  - Higher-order statistics from NMIS to measure neutron and gamma ray cross talk in plastic scintillators
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 481
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 739
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Cross talk occurs when a particle that is detected in a detector is subsequently detected in a neighboring detector. In this paper, a method is proposed to infer the degree and type of neutron and gamma ray cross talk between detectors that are placed side by side. To this end, a set of measurements was performed using the Nuclear Materials Identification System to acquire the time-dependent bicovariance functions of the pulses registered by an instrumented 252Cf source and two fast plastic scintillators. The acquired signatures were then analyzed to infer the degree and type of coincidences due to cross talk in relation to “true” coincidences given by the spontaneous fission process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROSSTALK
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Correlation measurements
KW  - Cross talk
KW  - Higher-order statistics
KW  - Neutron detection
KW  - Nuclear safeguards
KW  - Plastic scintillators
N1  - Accession Number: 7778891; Pozzi, Sara A. 1; Email Address: pozzi@ipmce7.cesnef.polimi.it Oberer, Richard B. 2 Chiang, Lisa G. 2 Mattingly, John K. 2 Mihalczo, John T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Polytechnic of Milan, Italy  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Instrumentation and Controls Division, Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6004, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 481 Issue 1-3, p739; Subject Term: CROSSTALK; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Correlation measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross talk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Higher-order statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear safeguards; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic scintillators; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tian, Xiubo
AU  - Fu, Ricky K.Y.
AU  - Chen, Junying
AU  - Chu, Paul K.
AU  - Brown, Ian G.
T1  - Charging of dielectric substrate materials during plasma immersion ion implantation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 187
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 485
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We have investigated the electrostatic charging effects of dielectric substrate materials during plasma immersion ion implantation. The results demonstrate that the time-dependent surface potential (negative) may be reduced in magnitude due to the charging effect of the dielectric surface, leading in turn to a reduction in the energy of the incident ions and a broadening of the implanted ion energy spectrum. The charging effect is greater during the plasma immersion bias pulse rise-time, and the electrostatic potential charging may be as large as 75% of the total applied (pulse) potential. This is due to abundant charge movement both of ions and secondary electrons, and has been confirmed by computer simulation. The plasma sheath capacitance has a small influence on the surface potential, via the bias pulse rise-time. Processing parameters, for example voltage, pulse duration, plasma density, and pulse rise-time, have a critical influence on the charging effects. Short pulse duration, high pulse frequency and low plasma density are beneficial from the viewpoint of maximizing the implantation ion energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - Charging
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Plasma processing and deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 9438478; Tian, Xiubo 1 Fu, Ricky K.Y. 1 Chen, Junying 1 Chu, Paul K. 1; Email Address: paul.chu@cityu.edu.hk Brown, Ian G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 187 Issue 4, p485; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: Charging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma processing and deposition; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muller, Ryan D.
AU  - Ferrieri, Richard A.
AU  - Gerasimov, Madina
AU  - Garza, Victor
T1  - Supercritical CO2 fluid radiochromatography system used to purify [11C]toluene for PET
JO  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
JF  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
SN  - 09698051
AB  - Abuse of inhalants in today’s society has become such a widespread problem among today’s adolescents that in many parts of the world their use exceeds that of many other illicit drugs or alcohol. Even so, little is known how such inhalants affect brain function to an extent that can lead to an abuse liability. While methodologies exist for radiolabeling certain inhalants of interest with short-lived positron emitting radioisotopes that would allow their investigation in human subjects using positron emission tomography (PET), the purification methodologies necessary to separate these volatile substances from the organic starting materials have not been developed. We’ve adapted supercritical fluid technology to this specific PET application by building a preparative-scale supercritical CO2 fluid radiochromatograph, and applied it to the purification of [11C]toluene. We’ve demonstrated that [11C]toluene can be separated from the starting materials using a conventional C18 HPLC column and pure supercritical CO2 fluid as the mobile phase operating at 2000 psi and 40°C. We’ve also shown that the purified radiotracer can be quantitatively captured on Tenax GR, a solid support material, as it exits the supercritical fluid stream, thus allowing for later desorption into a 1.5% cyclodextrin solution that is suitable for human injection, or into a breathing tube for direct inhalation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Medicine & Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - SUBSTANCE abuse
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - Inhalants
KW  - PET
KW  - Substance abuse
KW  - Supercritical fluid
N1  - Accession Number: 7776359; Muller, Ryan D. 1 Ferrieri, Richard A. 2; Email Address: rferrieri@bnl.gov Gerasimov, Madina 2 Garza, Victor 2; Affiliation:  1: College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23186, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p351; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: SUBSTANCE abuse; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhalants; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substance abuse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercritical fluid; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardakci, Korkut
AU  - Thorn, Charles B.
T1  - A worldsheet description of large <f>Nc</f> quantum field theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 626
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
SN  - 05503213
AB  - The <f>Nc→∞</f> limit of a matrix quantum field theory is equivalent to summing only planar Feynman diagrams. The possibility of interpreting this sum as some kind worldsheet theory has been in the air ever since ''t Hooft''s original paper. We establish here just such a worldsheet description for a scalar quantum field with interaction term <f>gTrφ3/√ of Nc</f>, and we indicate how the approach might be extended to more general field theories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - FEYNMAN diagrams
KW  - 03.70.+k
N1  - Accession Number: 7762607; Bardakci, Korkut 1,2; Email Address: kbardakci@lbl.gov Thorn, Charles B. 1,2; Email Address: thorn@phys.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 626 Issue 1/2, p287; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: FEYNMAN diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.70.+k; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thorn, Charles B.
T1  - Summing planar diagrams for string and gauge theories
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We discuss the problem of summing planar diagrams in both string and field theory using light-cone methods. We advocate the discretization of both x+ and p+ as a useful tool for attacking this problem. We then discuss some technical aspects of this discretization procedure in non-abelian gauge theories. We describe one-loop calculations in this formalism and explain how the Mandelstam-Leibbrandt prescription might be adapted to it. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRING models (Physics)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9437019; Thorn, Charles B. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A.  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California, Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 108 Issue 1-3, p123; Subject Term: STRING models (Physics); Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roberts, C.D.
T1  - Goldstone boson's valence-quark distribution
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) is one of the keystones of low-energy hadronic phenomena. Dyson-Schwinger equations provide a model-independent quark-level understanding and correlate that with the behaviour of the pion''s Bethe-Salpeter amplitude. This amplitude is a core element in the calculation of pion observables and combined with the dressed-quark Schwinger function required by DCSB it yields a valence-quark distribution function for the pion that behaves as (1 − x)2 for x ∼ 1, in accordance with perturbative analyses. This behaviour can be verified at contemporary experimental facilities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9437037; Roberts, C.D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439, USA  2: Fachbereich Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 108 Issue 1-3, p227; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kawasaki, Kyozi
T1  - Slow, intermediate and fast dynamics in condensed matter
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 306
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03784371
AB  - As is well-known, in gas dynamics there are three levels of descriptions: microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic. The corresponding equations are: Liouville, Boltzmann, and hydrodynamic equations, respectively. The difficulty of condensed matter such as classical liquids is general absence of well-defined mesoscopic level of description which is a scaffold so to speak enabling us to jump from microscopic to macroscopic descriptions. However, there are certain circumstances in which this is possible as we illustrate for critical dynamics and phase ordering kinetics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS dynamics
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - BOLTZMANN'S equation
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - Critical phenomena
KW  - Gas theory
KW  - Non-equilibrium
KW  - Phase ordering
N1  - Accession Number: 11835191; Kawasaki, Kyozi 1; Email Address: kawasaki@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: CNLS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 306 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: GAS dynamics; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: BOLTZMANN'S equation; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase ordering; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prorok, B.C.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Park, J.-H.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
AU  - McNallan, M.J.
T1  - Oxygen diffusion and internal oxidation of Mg in Ag/1.12at.%Mg
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 370
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Internal oxidation of Mg in Ag/1.12at.%Mg was studied at 450–825 <f>°</f>C in various oxygen partial pressures. Measurements of O weight gain and oxidation-front velocity showed that at 450 <f>°</f>C the rate of O penetration into the alloy was <f>≈</f>400 times slower than O diffusion in pure Ag. At 825 <f>°</f>C, this factor decreased to <f>≈</f>60 times slower. A comparison of these results with a calculation based on a model of internal oxidation indicated that O diffusivity in pure Ag was nearly identical to O diffusivity in the alloy. The decreased O penetration rate in the alloy was attributed to O uptake by the Mg species, which are able to capture superstoichiometric amounts of O. O fixation proceeded according to predictions of the model; oxidation rate increased with partial pressure due to an increased O activity gradient. However, below <f>≈</f>600 <f>°</f>C and at 0.08 atm partial pressure, O fixation progressed at a rate notably faster than that predicted by the model. This result was attributed to a change in Mg–O fixation stoichiometry, such that smaller amounts of O were absorbed, allowing the oxidation front to proceed more rapidly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM alloys
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Ag–Mg alloy
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Internal oxidation
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Sheath
N1  - Accession Number: 7775751; Prorok, B.C. 1,2 Goretta, K.C. 1; Email Address: goretta@anl.gov Park, J.-H. 1 Balachandran, U. 1 McNallan, M.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Engineering Research Facility, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 370 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM alloys; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ag–Mg alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sheath; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nozik, A.J.
T1  - Quantum dot solar cells
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Quantum dot (QD) solar cells have the potential to increase the maximum attainable thermodynamic conversion efficiency of solar photon conversion up to about 66% by utilizing hot photogenerated carriers to produce higher photovoltages or higher photocurrents. The former effect is based on miniband transport and collection of hot carriers in QD array photoelectrodes before they relax to the band edges through phonon emission. The latter effect is based on utilizing hot carriers in QD solar cells to generate and collect additional electron–hole pairs through enhanced impact ionization processes. Three QD solar cell configurations are described: (1) photoelectrodes comprising QD arrays, (2) QD-sensitized nanocrystalline <f>TiO2</f>, and (3) QDs dispersed in a blend of electron- and hole-conducting polymers. These high-efficiency configurations require slow hot carrier cooling times, and we discuss initial results on slowed hot electron cooling in InP QDs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - SOLAR thermal energy
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - (Ultra-high photovoltaic) conversion efficiency
KW  - Efficiency limits
KW  - Hot electrons
KW  - Impact ionization
KW  - Quantum dots
N1  - Accession Number: 7832126; Nozik, A.J. 1; Email Address: anozik@nrel.urel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Center for Basic Sciences, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 14 Issue 1/2, p115; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: SOLAR thermal energy; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Author-Supplied Keyword: (Ultra-high photovoltaic) conversion efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Efficiency limits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact ionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum dots; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curtright, Thomas L.
AU  - Polychronakos, Alexios P.
AU  - Zachos, Cosmas K.
T1  - Area potentials and deformation quantization
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 295
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 03759601
AB  - Systems built out of <f>N</f>-body interactions, beyond 2-body interactions, are formulated on the plane, and investigated classically and quantum mechanically (in phase space). Their Wigner functions—the density matrices in phase-space quantization—are given and analyzed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7793093; Curtright, Thomas L. 1; Email Address: curtright@physics.miami.edu Polychronakos, Alexios P. 2,3; Email Address: poly@teorfys.uu.se Zachos, Cosmas K. 4; Email Address: zachos@hep.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Miami, Box 248046, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA  2: Physics Department, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA  3: Physics Department, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece  4: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 295 Issue 5/6, p241; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krommes, John A.
T1  - Fundamental statistical descriptions of plasma turbulence in magnetic fields
JO  - Physics Reports
JF  - Physics Reports
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 360
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03701573
AB  - A pedagogical review of the historical development and current status (as of early 2000) of systematic statistical theories of plasma turbulence is undertaken. Emphasis is on conceptual foundations and methodology, not practical applications. Particular attention is paid to equations and formalism appropriate to strongly magnetized, fully ionized plasmas. Extensive reference to the literature on neutral-fluid turbulence is made, but the unique properties and problems of plasmas are emphasized throughout. Discussions are given of quasilinear theory, weak-turbulence theory, resonance-broadening theory, and the clump algorithm. The direct-interaction approximation (DIA) is developed as a central focus of the article, and its relationship to the earlier plasma theories is explained. Various methods of renormalized perturbation theory are described, then unified with the aid of the generating-functional formalism of Martin, Siggia, and Rose. A general expression for the renormalized dielectric function is deduced and discussed in detail. Modern approaches such as decimation and PDF methods are described. Derivations of DIA-based Markovian closures are discussed. The eddy-damped quasinormal Markovian (EDQNM) closure is shown to be nonrealizable in the presence of waves, and a new realizable Markovian closure is presented. The test-field model and a realizable modification thereof are also summarized. Numerical solutions of various closures for some plasma-physics paradigms are reviewed. The variational approach to bounds on transport is developed. Miscellaneous topics include Onsager symmetries for turbulence, the interpretation of entropy balances for both kinetic and fluid descriptions, self-organized criticality, statistical interactions between disparate scales, and the roles of both mean and random shear. Appendices are provided on Fourier transform conventions, dimensional and scaling analysis, the derivations of nonlinear gyrokinetic and gyrofluid equations, stochasticity criteria for quasilinear theory, formal aspects of resonance-broadening theory, Novikov''s theorem, the treatment of weak inhomogeneity, the derivation of the Vlasov and gyrokinetic weak-turbulence wave kinetic equation from a fully renormalized description, some features of a code for solving the DIA and related Markovian closures, the details of the solution of the EDQNM closure for a solvable three-wave model, and the notation used in the article. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Reports is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA turbulence
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DIOPHANTINE approximation
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - Bounds on transport
KW  - Clumps
KW  - Direct-interaction approximation
KW  - Eddy viscosity
KW  - MSR formalism
KW  - Plasma turbulence
KW  - Quasilinear theory
KW  - Realizable Markovian closure
KW  - Resonance broadening
KW  - Statistical closure
KW  - Submarginal turbulence
KW  - Weak turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 8769625; Krommes, John A. 1; Email Address: krommes@princeton.edu; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 360 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: PLASMA turbulence; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DIOPHANTINE approximation; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bounds on transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clumps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct-interaction approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy viscosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: MSR formalism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasilinear theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Realizable Markovian closure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonance broadening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical closure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Submarginal turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weak turbulence; Number of Pages: 352p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oberkampf, William L.
AU  - Trucano, Timothy G.
T1  - Verification and validation in computational fluid dynamics
JO  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
JF  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 03760421
AB  - Verification and validation (V&V) are the primary means to assess accuracy and reliability in computational simulations. This paper presents an extensive review of the literature in V&V in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), discusses methods and procedures for assessing V&V, and develops a number of extensions to existing ideas. The review of the development of V&V terminology and methodology points out the contributions from members of the operations research, statistics, and CFD communities. Fundamental issues in V&V are addressed, such as code verification versus solution verification, model validation versus solution validation, the distinction between error and uncertainty, conceptual sources of error and uncertainty, and the relationship between validation and prediction. The fundamental strategy of verification is the identification and quantification of errors in the computational model and its solution. In verification activities, the accuracy of a computational solution is primarily measured relative to two types of highly accurate solutions: analytical solutions and highly accurate numerical solutions. Methods for determining the accuracy of numerical solutions are presented and the importance of software testing during verification activities is emphasized. The fundamental strategy of validation is to assess how accurately the computational results compare with the experimental data, with quantified error and uncertainty estimates for both. This strategy employs a hierarchical methodology that segregates and simplifies the physical and coupling phenomena involved in the complex engineering system of interest. A hypersonic cruise missile is used as an example of how this hierarchical structure is formulated. The discussion of validation assessment also encompasses a number of other important topics. A set of guidelines is proposed for designing and conducting validation experiments, supported by an explanation of how validation experiments are different from traditional experiments and testing. A description is given of a relatively new procedure for estimating experimental uncertainty that has proven more effective at estimating random and correlated bias errors in wind-tunnel experiments than traditional methods. Consistent with the authors’ contention that nondeterministic simulations are needed in many validation comparisons, a three-step statistical approach is offered for incorporating experimental uncertainties into the computational analysis. The discussion of validation assessment ends with the topic of validation metrics, where two sample problems are used to demonstrate how such metrics should be constructed. In the spirit of advancing the state of the art in V&V, the paper concludes with recommendations of topics for future research and with suggestions for needed changes in the implementation of V&V in production and commercial software. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Aerospace Sciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FLUID dynamic measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 7854335; Oberkampf, William L. 1; Email Address: wloberk@sandia.gov Trucano, Timothy G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Validation and Uncertainty Estimation Department, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0828, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0828, USA  2: Optimization and Uncertainty Estimation Department, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0828, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0828, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p209; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FLUID dynamic measurements; Number of Pages: 64p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Tuyle, Gregory J.
AU  - Bennett, Deborah R.
AU  - Herczeg, John W.
AU  - Arthur, Edward D.
AU  - Hill, David J.
AU  - Finck, Phillip J.
T1  - U.S. accelerator-driven transmutation of waste (ATW) program objectives, and technology development efforts
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 357
SN  - 01491970
AB  - The U.S. Program to evaluate accelerator-driven systems for transmuting problematic, long-lived nuclear waste stream components was initiated during fiscal year 2000, based largely on the Accelerator-driven Transmutation of Waste (ATW) Technology Development Road Map developed during 1999. The Road Map (DOE/RW-0519) effort provided a long-range plan, involving technology development, demonstration, and deployment, as well as a recommended initial effort to evaluate the technology options for five or six years. This paper summarizes the ATW Research and Development Plan currently in draft form. Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs), which are based in part on a system used by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration in determining levels of flight readiness, was developed for use in assessing and advancing technologies relevant to waste transmutation. Based on TRLs and other considerations, the Program is screening technology options and prioritizing the long-term research and development effort. A top-level schedule illustrates the efforts planned to advance the important technology options in preparation for integrated system tests. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Nuclear Energy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive wastes -- Transmutation
KW  - Nuclear energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9665289; Van Tuyle, Gregory J. 1; Bennett, Deborah R. 1; Herczeg, John W. 2; Arthur, Edward D. 1; Hill, David J. 3; Finck, Phillip J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, H816 Los Alamos, NM 87544 U.S.A.; 2: U.S. Department of Energy, 1000 Independence Ave. SW, Washington, DC 20503 U.S.A.; 3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 U.S.A.; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 40 Issue 3/4, p357; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes -- Transmutation; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wade, D.C.
AU  - Yang, W.S.
AU  - Khalil, H.
T1  - ATW neutronics design studies
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
SN  - 01491970
AB  - The Accelerator Transmutation of Waste (ATW) concept has been proposed as a transuranics (TRU) (and long-lived fission product) incinerator for processing the 87,000 metric tonnes of Light Water Reactor (LWR) used fuel which will have been generated by the time the currently deployed fleet of commercial reactors in the US reach the end of their licensed lifetime. The ATW is proposed to separate the uranium from the transuranics and fission products in the LWR used fuel, to fission the transuranics, to send the LWR and ATW generated fission products to the geologic repository and to send the uranium to either a low level waste disposal site or to save it for future use. The heat liberated in fissioning the transuranics would be converted to electricity and sold to partially offset the cost of ATW construction and operations. Options for incineration of long-lived fission products are under evaluation.A six-year science-based program of ATW trade and system studies was initiated in the US FY 2000 to achieve two main purposes: (1) “to evaluate ATW within the framework of nonproliferation, waste management, and economic considerations,” and (2) “to evaluate the efficacy of the numerous technical options for ATW system configuration.”This paper summarizes the results from neutronics and thermal/hydraulics trade studies which were completed at Argonne National Laboratory during the first year of the program. Core designs were developed for Pb-Bi eutectic (LBE) cooled and Na cooled 840 MWth fast spectrum transmuter designs employing recycle. Additionally, neutronics analyses were performed at Argonne for a He cooled 600 MWth hybrid thermal and fast core design proposed by General Atomics Co. which runs critical for <F>SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>3</NU><DE>4</DE></FR></F> and subcritical for <F>SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU><DE>4</DE></FR></F> of its four year once-thru burn cycle.The mass flows and the ultimate loss of transuranic isotopes to the waste stream per unit of heat generated during transmutation have been calculated on a consistent basis and are compared. (Long-lived fission product incineration has not been considered in the studies reported here.) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Transmutation (Chemistry)
KW  - Transuranium elements
N1  - Accession Number: 9665340; Wade, D.C. 1; Yang, W.S. 1; Khalil, H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Building 208 Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 40 Issue 3/4, p497; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Subject Term: Transmutation (Chemistry); Subject Term: Transuranium elements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walters, L.C.
AU  - Porter, D.L.
AU  - Crawford, D.C.
T1  - Nuclear fuel considerations for the 21st century
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
SN  - 01491970
AB  - There are many external influences that may control the path that nuclear power deployment follows. In the next 50 years several events may unfold. Fear of the consequences of the greenhouse effect may produce a carbon tax that would make nuclear power economically superior very quickly. This, in turn, would increase the rate at which uranium reserves diminish due to the increased rate of nuclear power deployment. However, breakthroughs in the extraction of uranium from the sea or deployment of fast breeder reactors would greatly extend the uranium reserves and, as well, utilize the thorium cycle.On the other hand, carbon sequestering technology breakthroughs could keep fossil fuels dominant for the remainder of the century. Nuclear power may only then continue, as today, in a lesser role or even diminish. Fusion power or new developments in solar power could completely displace nuclear power as we know it today.Even more difficult to predict is when the demand for mobile fuel for transportation will develop such that hydrogen and hydrogen rich fuel cells will be in common use. When this happens, nuclear power may be the energy source of choice to produce this fuel from water or methane. In a similar vein, the demand for potable and irrigation water may be another driver for the advent of increased deployment of nuclear power.With all these possibilities of events that could happen it appears impossible to predict with any certainty which path nuclear power deployment may take. However, it is necessary to define a strategy that is flexible enough to insure that when a technology is needed, it is ready to be deployed.For the next few decades there will be an evolutionary improvement in the performance of uranium oxide and mixed uranium oxide-plutonium oxide (MOX) LWR fuels. These improvements will be market driven to keep the cost of fuel and the resulting cost of nuclear power electricity as competitive as possible. The development of fuels for accelerator transmutation and for reactor transmutation with inert matrix fuels is in its infancy. A great deal of research has been initiated in a number of countries, which has been summarized in recent conferences. In Europe the work on these fuels is directed at the same problem as their utilization of MOX; namely to reduce the inventory of separated plutonium, minor actinides, and Long Lived Fission Products (LLFP). In the United States there is no reprocessing and thus no inventory of separated civilian plutonium. However, in the United States there is a resistance to a permanent spent fuel repository and thus accelerator transmutation presents a possible alternative. If nuclear power does have a long-term future, then the introduction of the fast reactor is inevitable. Included in the mission of the fast reactors would be the elimination of the inventory of separated plutonium while generating useful energy. The work that is ongoing now on the development of fuel concepts for assemblies that contain actinides and LLFP would be useful for fast reactor transmutation.There is still a great deal of work required to bring the fast breeder reactor option to maturity. Fortunately there is perhaps a fifty-year period to accomplish this work before fast breeders are necessary. With regard to fast reactor fuel development, future work should be considered in three stages. First, all the information obtained over the past forty years of fast reactor fuel development should be completely documented in a manner that future generations can readily retrieve and utilize the information. Fast reactor development came to such an abrupt halt world-wide that a great deal of information is in danger of being lost because most of the researchers and facilities are rapidly disappearing. Secondly, for all of the existing fast reactor fuels, and this includes, oxides, carbides, nitrides, and metallic fuels, the evolutionary work was far from being completed. Although mixed oxide fuels were probably the furthest advanced, there were many concepts for improved claddings and advanced fabrication methods that were never fully explored. Finally, with such an extended period before fast reactors are needed there is ample time for truly innovative fuels to be developed that are capable of performing over a wide range of conditions and coolants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Nuclear Energy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear fuels
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Thorium
N1  - Accession Number: 9665345; Walters, L.C. 1; Porter, D.L. 1; Crawford, D.C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory — West P.O. Box 2528 Idaho Falls, Idaho 83403-2528 USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 40 Issue 3/4, p513; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear fuels; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Thesaurus Term: Thorium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takahashi, Hiroshi
T1  - Deep underground transmutor (passive heat removal of LWR with hard neutron energy spectrum)
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
SN  - 01491970
AB  - To run a high conversion reactor with Pu -Th fueled tight fueled assembly which has a long burn-up of a fuel, the reactor should be run in a deep under-ground. Putting the reactor in a deep under ground a reactor heat can be removed passively not only in steady state run and also in an emergency case of loss of coolant and loss of on-site power, and safety of reactor can be improved. Also we can minimize an evacuation area, and can run the reactor near consumer area. This reduces the cost of generating electricity by eliminating the container building and shortening the transmission line. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Nuclear energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9665413; Takahashi, Hiroshi 1; Email Address: takahash@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973 U.S.A Tel 631-344-4099, Fax 631-344-7650; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 40 Issue 3/4, p681; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holroyd, Richard A.
AU  - Nishikawa, Masaru
T1  - Pressure effects on electron reactions and mobility in nonpolar liquids
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - High pressure studies have elucidated the mechanisms of both electron reactions and electron transport in nonpolar liquids and provided information about the partial molar volumes of ions and electrons. The very large volume changes associated with electron attachment reactions have been explained as due to electrostriction by the ions, calculated with a continuum model, but modified to include the formation of a glassy shell of solvent molecules around the ion. The mobilities of electrons in cases where the electron is trapped can now be understood by comparing the trap cavity volume with the volume of electrostriction of the solvent around the cavity. In cases where the electron is quasi-free the compressibility dependent potential fluctuations are shown to be important. The isothermal compressibility is concluded to be the single most important parameter determining the behavior of excess electrons in liquids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH pressure chemistry
KW  - ELECTRON transport
N1  - Accession Number: 7764163; Holroyd, Richard A. 1; Email Address: holroyd@bnl.gov Nishikawa, Masaru 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 64 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: HIGH pressure chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burillo, Guillermina
AU  - Clough, Roger L.
AU  - Czvikovszky, Tibor
AU  - Guven, Olgun
AU  - Le Moel, Alain
AU  - Liu, Weiwei
AU  - Singh, Ajit
AU  - Yang, Jingtian
AU  - Zaharescu, Traian
T1  - Polymer recycling: potential application of radiation technology
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Management of solid waste is an important problem, which is becoming progressively worse as a byproduct of continuing economic growth and development. Polymeric materials (plastics and rubbers) comprise a steadily increasing proportion of the municipal and industrial waste going into landfill. Development of technologies for reducing polymeric waste, which are acceptable from the environmental standpoint, and which are cost-effective, has proven to be a difficult challenge due to complexities inherent in the reuse of polymers. Establishing optimal processes for the reuse/recycling of polymeric materials thus remains a worldwide challenge as we enter the new century.Due to the ability of ionizing radiation to alter the structure and properties of bulk polymeric materials, and the fact that it is applicable to essentially all polymer types, irradiation holds promise for impacting the polymer waste problem. The three main possibilities for use of radiation in this application are: (1) enhancing the mechanical properties and performance of recovered materials or material blends, principally through crosslinking, or through surface modification of different phases being combined; (2) treatment causing or enhancing the decomposition of polymers, particularly through chain scission, leading to recovery of either low molecular weight mixtures, or powders, for use as chemical feedstocks or additives; (3) production of advanced polymeric materials designed for environmental compatibility. This paper provides an overview of the polymer recycling problem, describes the major technological obstacles to the implementation of recycling technologies, and outlines some of the approaches being taken. A review of radiation-based recycling research is then provided, followed by a discussion of future directions where irradiation may be relevant to the problems currently inhibiting the widespread recycling of polymeric materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - RECYCLING (Waste, etc.)
N1  - Accession Number: 7764166; Burillo, Guillermina 1 Clough, Roger L. 2; Email Address: rlcloug@sandia.gov Czvikovszky, Tibor 3 Guven, Olgun 4 Le Moel, Alain 5 Liu, Weiwei 6 Singh, Ajit 7 Yang, Jingtian 6 Zaharescu, Traian 8; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. 04510, Mexico  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Organic Materials Department, MS 0888, Albuquerque, NM, USA  3: Technical University of Budapest, Department of Polymer Engineering and Textile Technology, Muegyetem rkp 9 Build. T, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary  4: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria  5: CEA/Saclay, DSM/DRECAM/SRSIM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  6: Huaye Institute of Innovation Technology, Tsinghua Science Park, Tsinghua University, Huaye Building 2201, Beijing 100084, China  7: AHA Enterprises, 822 Gulfview Place, Victoria BC, Canada, V8Y 2R6  8: R&D Institute for Electrical Engineering, 313 Splaiul Unirii, RO-74204 Bucharest, Romania; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 64 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: RECYCLING (Waste, etc.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562920 Materials Recovery Facilities; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsap, Leonid V.
T1  - Gesture-Tracking in Real Time with Dynamic Regional Range Computation
JO  - Real-Time Imaging
JF  - Real-Time Imaging
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 10772014
AB  - This paper presents a new approach to the range data utilization in a gesture-tracking system. The use of three-dimensional data is essential for human motion analysis; however, the speed of complete range estimation prohibits from including it in most real-time systems. This work describes a gesture-tracking system using real-time local range on-demand. The system represents a gesture-controlled interface for interactive visual exploration of large data sets. The paper describes a method performing range processing only when necessary and where necessary. Range data is processed only for non-static regions of interest. This is accomplished by a set of filters on the color, motion, and range data. The speed-up achieved is between 1.70 and 2.15. The algorithm also includes a robust skin-color segmentation insensitive to illumination changes. Selective range processing results in dynamic regional range images that contain only information needed by the system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Real-Time Imaging is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMAN mechanics
KW  - REAL-time computing
N1  - Accession Number: 8510519; Tsap, Leonid V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 808, L-551, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA<fn id="f1"><no>f1</no>tsap1@llnl.gov</fn>; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 8 Issue 2, p115; Subject Term: HUMAN mechanics; Subject Term: REAL-time computing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/rtim.2001.0260
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - Hirabayashi, Joy M.
AU  - Mancieri, Saverio P.
AU  - Jin, Alfred L.
AU  - Folks, Karen J.
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
AU  - Estacio, Pete
T1  - Chemical and Biological Agent Incident Response and Decision Process for Civilian and Public Sector Facilities.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
EP  - 202
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - In the event of a terrorist attack or catastrophic release involving potential chemical and/or biological warfare agents, decisionmakers will need to make timely and informed choices about whether, or how, to respond. The objective of this article is to provide a decision framework to specify initial and follow-up actions, including possible decontamination, and to address long-term health and environmental issues. This decision framework consists of four phases, beginning with the identification of an incident and ending with verification that cleanup and remediation criteria have been met. The flowchart takes into account both differences and similarities among potential agents or toxins at key points in the decisionmaking process. Risk evaluation and communication of information to the public must be done throughout the process to ensure a successful effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biological warfare
KW  - Biological decontamination
KW  - Toxins
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Terrorism
KW  - Decision making
KW  - biological warfare agent
KW  - Chemical warfare agent
KW  - decontamination
KW  - decontamination decision process
N1  - Accession Number: 6650502; Raber, Ellen 1; Email Address: Raber1@llnl.gov; Hirabayashi, Joy M. 1; Mancieri, Saverio P. 1; Jin, Alfred L. 1; Folks, Karen J. 1; Carlsen, Tina M. 1; Estacio, Pete 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Protection Department, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p195; Thesaurus Term: Biological warfare; Thesaurus Term: Biological decontamination; Thesaurus Term: Toxins; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Subject Term: Terrorism; Subject Term: Decision making; Author-Supplied Keyword: biological warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: decontamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: decontamination decision process; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moreira dos Santos, A.
AU  - Parashar, S.
AU  - Raju, A.R.
AU  - Zhao, Y.S.
AU  - Cheetham, A.K.
AU  - Rao, C.N.R.
T1  - Evidence for the likely occurrence of magnetoferroelectricity in the simple perovskite, BiMnO3
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 122
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Investigation of polycrystalline samples synthesized at high pressures as well as thin films deposited by nebulized spray pyrolysis suggest that BiMnO3 is ferromagnetic with a TC of 105 K and ferroelectric with a Curie temperature of around 450 K. It remains ferroelectric down to low temperatures through the ferromagnetic transition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - A. Ferroelectrics
KW  - A. Magnetically ordered materials
KW  - C. X-ray scattering
KW  - D. Phase transitions
N1  - Accession Number: 8774429; Moreira dos Santos, A. 1 Parashar, S. 2 Raju, A.R. 2 Zhao, Y.S. 3 Cheetham, A.K. 1 Rao, C.N.R. 1,2; Email Address: cnrrao@jncasr.ac.in; Affiliation:  1: Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  2: Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANSCE, MS-H805, Los Alamos, NM 97545, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 122 Issue 1/2, p49; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Ferroelectrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Magnetically ordered materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase transitions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saboungi, Marie-Louise
AU  - Price, David L.
AU  - Mao, Guomin
AU  - Fernandez-Perea, Ricardo
AU  - Borodin, Oleg
AU  - Smith, Grant D.
AU  - Armand, Michel
AU  - Howells, W. Spencer
T1  - Coherent neutron scattering from PEO and a PEO-based polymer electrolyte
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 147
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Results of quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) experiments on deuterated forms of pure poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and a PEO-based electrolyte are presented. Since hydrogen is an especially favorable element for exploiting QENS due to the considerable difference in coherent and incoherent scattering of hydrogen vs. deuterium, the results are compared to our previous data on hydrogenated materials with the same composition. The dynamics of the polymer, shown to be closely coupled to those of the Li ions, can be probed over a time scale ranging from pico- to nanoseconds by combining QENS and neutron spin-echo spectrometry (NSES). Finally, good agreement is found between the measured coherent and incoherent intermediate scattering functions for PEO and those obtained from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)
KW  - Polymer electrolyte
N1  - Accession Number: 7778773; Saboungi, Marie-Louise 1; Email Address: saboungi@anl.gov Price, David L. 1 Mao, Guomin 2 Fernandez-Perea, Ricardo 3 Borodin, Oleg 4 Smith, Grant D. 4 Armand, Michel 5 Howells, W. Spencer 6; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Applied Materials Corporation, Sunnyvale, CA 94086, USA  3: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Serrano 119-123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Departments of Chemical and Fuels Engineering, University of Utah, 122 S. Central Campus Drive, Rm. 304, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  5: Department of Chemistry, UMR Internationale, CNRS 2289 University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7  6: Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX110QX, UK; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 147 Issue 3/4, p225; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO); Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer electrolyte; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kasemägi, Heiki
AU  - Klintenberg, Mattias
AU  - Aabloo, Alvo
AU  - Thomas, John O.
T1  - Molecular dynamics simulation of the LiBF4–PEO system containing Al2O3 nanoparticles
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 147
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
SN  - 01672738
AB  - The amorphous LiBF4(PEO)20 system has been simulated alone and containing a ca. 14-A˚ diameter Al2O3 nanoparticle and in juxtaposition with a ca. 65-A˚ thick α-Al2O3 slab at a nominal temperature of 293 K by Molecular Dynamics (MD) methods. Li-ion mobility in the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) host is found to increase on the addition of the nanoparticle; the effect is also noticeable for the alumina slab. This can be seen as theoretical confirmation of the positive influence of nanoparticles on ion mobility in a PEO–salt system, as observed earlier experimentally. Other effects observed are related to this Li-ion mobility enhancement: PEO forms an immobilised coordination sphere around the particle and an immobilised layer at the surface of the α-alumina slab. No Li ions are found near the particle or at the slab surface. Instead, two to three unpaired BF4− anions are found attached to the particle within the region of immobilised PEO and at least one is found immobilised on the slab surface, leaving free Li ions in the regions away from the particle and slab surfaces. No more than 60% of the Li ions form ion pairs and ion clusters in the regions away from the particle surface and up to 87% of the Li ions form ion pairs and ion clusters in the regions away from the slab surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - POLYETHYLENE oxide
KW  - 82.20.Wt
N1  - Accession Number: 7778791; Kasemägi, Heiki 1,2 Klintenberg, Mattias 3,4 Aabloo, Alvo 1 Thomas, John O. 2; Email Address: josh.thomas@mkem.uu.se; Affiliation:  1: Technology Centre, Tartu University, Tähe 4, 51010 Tartu, Estonia  2: Materials Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden  3: Condensed Matter Theory Group, Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 147 Issue 3/4, p367; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: 82.20.Wt; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, B.
AU  - Johnson, J.W.
AU  - Gila, B.P.
AU  - Onstine, A.
AU  - Abernathy, C.R.
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Dabiran, A.M.
AU  - Wowchack, A.M.
AU  - Chow, P.P.
T1  - Surface passivation of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs using MBE-grown MgO or Sc2O3
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Thin (100 A˚) layers of MgO or Sc<f>2</f>O<f>3</f> grown by molecular beam epitaxy were investigated for surface passivation of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors. A variety of pre-treatments such as UV/O<f>3</f> or in situ heating were employed prior to the dielectric deposition. Under optimized conditions, the MgO produced an increase in drain–source current, threshold voltage and extrinsic transconductance, which is consistent with passivation of surface states in the AlGaN. The absence of hydrogen in the dielectrics makes them attractive candidates for long-term stable passivation of the HEMTs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - AlGaN/GaN HEMTs
KW  - dc and rf characterizations
KW  - Hydrogen-free dielectrics
KW  - MgO
KW  - Sc2O3
KW  - Surface passivation
N1  - Accession Number: 7758096; Luo, B. 1 Johnson, J.W. 1 Gila, B.P. 2 Onstine, A. 2 Abernathy, C.R. 2 Ren, F. 1; Email Address: ren@che.ufl.edu Pearton, S.J. 2 Baca, A.G. 3 Dabiran, A.M. 4 Wowchack, A.M. 4 Chow, P.P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  4: SVT Associates, Eden Prairie, MN 55344, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p467; Subject Term: MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: AlGaN/GaN HEMTs; Author-Supplied Keyword: dc and rf characterizations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen-free dielectrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sc2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface passivation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, J.W.
AU  - Han, J.
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Briggs, R.D.
AU  - Shul, R.J.
AU  - Wendt, J.R.
AU  - Monier, C.
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Luo, B.
AU  - Chu, S.N.G.
AU  - Tsvetkov, D.
AU  - Dmitriev, V.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
T1  - Comparison of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors grown on AlN/SiC templates or sapphire
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
SN  - 00381101
AB  - The temperature and gate length effects on dc performance of AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) grown on AlN/SiC templates or sapphire substrates are reported. The defect density in the structures grown on the AlN/SiC template is significantly lower than those grown on sapphire, as measured by transmission electron microscopy. Reverse breakdown voltages above 40 V were obtained for 0.25 <f>μ</f>m gate length devices on both types of substrate. Extrinsic transconductances of <f>∼</f>200 mS/mm for HEMTs on sapphire and <f>∼</f>125 mS/mm for devices on AlN/SiC were achieved, with the latter devices showing significantly lower self-heating effects. Both types of HEMTs showed similar trends of drain current and transconductance with increasing temperature. There was a clear signature of optical phonon scattering as the dominant scattering mechanism from room temperature to 300 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTRON mobility
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - AFM
KW  - AlGaN
KW  - AlN
KW  - GaN
KW  - HEMT
KW  - Mobility
KW  - SiC
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 7758103; Johnson, J.W. 1 Han, J. 2 Baca, A.G. 3 Briggs, R.D. 3 Shul, R.J. 3 Wendt, J.R. 3 Monier, C. 3 Ren, F. 1; Email Address: ren@che.ufl.edu Luo, B. 1 Chu, S.N.G. 4 Tsvetkov, D. 5 Dmitriev, V. 5 Pearton, S.J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  4: Agere Systems, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA  5: TDI Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA  6: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p513; Subject Term: ELECTRON mobility; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM; Author-Supplied Keyword: AlGaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: AlN; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: HEMT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, P.C.
AU  - Monier, C.
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Li, N.Y.
AU  - Newman, F.
AU  - Armour, E.
AU  - Hou, H.Q.
T1  - High-speed InGaP/InGaAsN/GaAs NpN double heterojunction bipolar transistors with low turn-on voltage
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 581
SN  - 00381101
AB  - A current gain <f>β</f> of 23 is demonstrated from a small-area NpN GaAs-based double heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) using a low band-gap InGaAsN material (lattice matched to GaAs with an energy band gap <f>EG</f> of 1.2 eV) as the base layer. An improved band-gap engineering design at both emitter–base and base–collector heterojunctions in this GaAs-based HBT structure allows significant turn-on voltage reduction up to 270 mV compared to conventional InGaP/GaAs HBTs, while attaining high-speed performance. Self-aligned devices with emitter active area of <f>3×5</f> <f>μ</f>m<f>2</f> show cutoff frequency <f>fT</f> and maximum oscillation frequency <f>fMAX</f> values of 32 and 52 GHz, respectively. These results demonstrate the strong potential of this novel HBT technology to reduce power consumption in future wireless handsets using the GaAs manufacturing platform. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROJUNCTIONS
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - Heterojunction bipolar devices
KW  - High-speed characteristics
KW  - InGaAsN material system
KW  - Turn-on voltage
N1  - Accession Number: 7758113; Chang, P.C. 1 Monier, C. 1; Email Address: cmonie@sandia.gov Baca, A.G. 1 Li, N.Y. 2 Newman, F. 2 Armour, E. 3 Hou, H.Q. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Emcore Photovoltaics, Emcore Corporation, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA  3: Emcore Corporation, Sommerset, NJ 08873, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p581; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTIONS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterojunction bipolar devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-speed characteristics; Author-Supplied Keyword: InGaAsN material system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turn-on voltage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krzystek, J.
AU  - Pardi, Luca A.
AU  - Brunel, Louis-Claude
AU  - Goldberg, David P.
AU  - Hoffman, Brian M.
AU  - Licoccia, Silvia
AU  - Telser, Joshua
T1  - High-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance of high-spin manganese(III) in tetrapyrrole complexes
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 58
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1113
SN  - 13861425
AB  - High-field and -frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) spectroscopy has been used to study three complexes of high spin Manganese(III), 3d4, S=2. The complexes studied were tetraphenylporphyrinatomanganese(III) chloride (MnTPPCl), phthalocyanatomanganese(III) chloride (MnPcCl), and (8,12-diethyl-2,3,7,13,17,18-hexamethylcorrolato)manganese(III) (MnCor). We demonstrate the ability to obtain both field-oriented (single-crystal like) spectra and true powder pattern HFEPR spectra of solid samples. The latter are obtained by immobilizing the powder, either in an n-eicosane mull or KBr pellet. We can also obtain frozen solution HFEPR spectra with good signal-to-noise, and yielding the expected true powder pattern. Frozen solution spectra are described for MnTPPCl in 2:3 (v/v) toluene/CH2Cl2 solution and for MnCor in neat pyridine (py) solution. All of the HFEPR spectra have been fully analyzed using spectral simulation software and a complete set of spin Hamiltonian parameters has been determined for each complex in each medium. Both porphyrinic complexes (MnTPPCl and MnPcCl) are rigorously axial systems, with similar axial zero-field splitting (zfs): D&ap;−2.3 cm−1, and g values quite close to 2.00. In contrast, the corrole complex, MnCor, exhibits slightly larger magnitude, rhombic zfs: D&ap;−2.6 cm−1, &z.sfnc;E&z.sfnc;&ap;0.015 cm−1, also with g values quite close to 2.00. These results are discussed in terms of the molecular structures of these complexes and their electronic structure. We propose that there is a significant mixing of the triplet (S=1) excited state with the quintet (S=2) ground state in Mn(III) complexes with porphyrinic ligands, which is even more pronounced for corroles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - DPDME, deuteroporphyrin IX dimethyl ester
KW  - EPR, electron paramagnetic resonance
KW  - HFEPR, high-frequency and -field EPR
KW  - HS, high spin
KW  - LS, low spin
KW  - Mn(dbm)3, (1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionato)manganese(III)
KW  - MnCor, (8,12-diethyl-2,3,7,13,17,18-hexamethylcorrolato)manganese(III)
KW  - MnPcCl, chloro(phthalocyanato)manganese(III)
KW  - MnTPPCl, chloro(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato)manganese(III)
KW  - Pc, dianion of phthalocyanine
KW  - pip, piperdine
KW  - py, pyridine
KW  - TPP, dianion of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin
KW  - zfs, zero-field splitting
N1  - Accession Number: 7770741; Krzystek, J. 1 Pardi, Luca A. 1,2 Brunel, Louis-Claude 1 Goldberg, David P. 3 Hoffman, Brian M. 4 Licoccia, Silvia 5 Telser, Joshua 6; Email Address: jtelser@roosevelt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Istituto di Fisica Atomica e Molecolare – CNR, 56127 Pisa, Italy  3: Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  5: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy  6: Chemistry Program, Roosevelt University, 430 S. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60605, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 58 Issue 6, p1113; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: DPDME, deuteroporphyrin IX dimethyl ester; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPR, electron paramagnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: HFEPR, high-frequency and -field EPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: HS, high spin; Author-Supplied Keyword: LS, low spin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mn(dbm)3, (1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionato)manganese(III); Author-Supplied Keyword: MnCor, (8,12-diethyl-2,3,7,13,17,18-hexamethylcorrolato)manganese(III); Author-Supplied Keyword: MnPcCl, chloro(phthalocyanato)manganese(III); Author-Supplied Keyword: MnTPPCl, chloro(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato)manganese(III); Author-Supplied Keyword: Pc, dianion of phthalocyanine; Author-Supplied Keyword: pip, piperdine; Author-Supplied Keyword: py, pyridine; Author-Supplied Keyword: TPP, dianion of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: zfs, zero-field splitting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marković, N.M.
AU  - Ross Jr., P.N.
T1  - Surface science studies of model fuel cell electrocatalysts
JO  - Surface Science Reports
JF  - Surface Science Reports
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 45
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 01675729
AB  - The purpose of this review is to discuss progress in the understanding of electrocatalytic reactions through the study of model systems with surface spectroscopies. Pure metal single crystals and well-characterized bulk alloys have been used quite successfully as models for real (commercial) electrocatalysts. Given the sheer volume of all work in electrocatalysis that is on fuel cell reactions, we will focus on electrocatalysts for fuel cells. Since Pt is the model fuel cell electrocatalyst, we will focus entirely on studies of pure Pt and Pt bimetallic alloys. The electrode reactions discussed include hydrogen oxidation/evolution, oxygen reduction, and the electrooxidation of carbon monoxide, formic acid, and methanol. Surface spectroscopies emphasized are FTIR, STM/AFM and surface X-ray scattering (SXS). The discussion focuses on the relation between the energetics of adsorption of intermediates and the reaction pathway and kinetics, and how the energetics and kinetics relate to the extrinsic properties of the model system, e.g. surface structure and/or composition. Finally, we conclude by discussing the limitations that are reached by using pure metal single crystals and well-characterized bulk alloys as models for real catalysts, and suggest some directions for developing more realistic systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science Reports is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCATALYSIS
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 7800541; Marković, N.M.; Email Address: nmmarkovic@lbl.gov Ross Jr., P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 45 Issue 4-6, p117; Subject Term: ELECTROCATALYSIS; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Number of Pages: 113p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Neuman, Shlomo P.
AU  - Guadagnini, Alberto
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
T1  - Conditional moment analysis of steady state unsaturated flow in bounded, randomly heterogeneous soils.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 9-1
EP  - 9-15
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We consider steady state unsaturated flow in bounded, randomly heterogeneous soils under the influence of random boundary and source terms. Our aim is to predict pressure heads and fluxes without resorting to Monte Carlo simulation, upscaling, or linearization of the constitutive relationship between unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and pressure head. We represent this relationship through Gardner's exponential model while treating its exponent α as a random constant and saturated hydraulic conductivity K s as a spatially correlated random field. We linearize the steady state unsaturated flow equations by means of the Kirchhoff transformation and integrate them in probability space to obtain exact integro-differential equations for the conditional mean and variance-covariance of transformed pressure head and flux. After approximating these equations recursively to second order in the standard deviation σ Y of Y = ln K s, we solve them by finite elements for superimposed mean uniform and divergent flows in the vertical plane, with and without conditioning on measured Y values. Comparison with Monte Carlo solutions demonstrates that whereas our nonlocal solution is nominally restricted to mildly nonuniform media with σ Y2 ≪ 1, it yields remarkably accurate results for strongly nonuniform media with σ Y2 at least as large as 2. This accords well with a previous theoretical analysis, which shows that the solution may remain asymptotic for values of σ Y2 as large as 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - conditioning
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - randomness
KW  - uncertainty
KW  - unsaturated flow
N1  - Accession Number: 87143617; Lu, Zhiming 1; Neuman, Shlomo P. 1; Guadagnini, Alberto 2; Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona; 2: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica Ambientale e del Rilevamento, Politecnico di Milano; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p9-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: conditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: randomness; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated flow; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000278
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akbas, N.
AU  - Oztarhan, A.
AU  - Monteiro, O.R.
AU  - Brown, I.G.
T1  - Investigation on the tribology of Zr ion implanted tool steel
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 252
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 540
SN  - 00431648
AB  - AISI D3 tool steel was ion implanted with zirconium and the improvement in surface tribological properties investigated. The Zr ion implantation was done using a metal vapor vacuum arc (Mevva) broad-beam ion source, with a mean ion energy of 130 keV and at doses of <F>3.6×1016</F>, <F>5×1016</F> and <F>1×1017</F> ions/cm2. Wear, friction and hardness of the implanted samples were measured and compared to the performance of unimplanted steel. The wear resistance was increased by about a factor of two, the friction remained about the same or was possibly increased by a small amount and the near-surface hardness was improved by a factor of five or more by the ion implantation. We also investigated the effect on the Zr implantation profile of the multi-component energy distribution of the ion beam. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRIBOLOGY
KW  - METAL vapors
KW  - STEEL
KW  - Implanted steel
KW  - Metal vapor vacuum arc
KW  - Tribology
N1  - Accession Number: 7775452; Akbas, N. 1 Oztarhan, A. 2 Monteiro, O.R. 3; Email Address: ormonteiro@lbl.gov Brown, I.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Celal Bayar University, Manisa 45010, Turkey  2: Yuzey Teknolojileri San. Ve Tic. A.S., Izmir, Turkey  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail Stop 53-004, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 252 Issue 7/8, p540; Subject Term: TRIBOLOGY; Subject Term: METAL vapors; Subject Term: STEEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implanted steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal vapor vacuum arc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tribology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rhoney, Brian K.
AU  - Shih, Albert J.
AU  - Scattergood, Ronald O.
AU  - Ott, Ronald
AU  - McSpadden, Samuel B.
T1  - Wear mechanism of metal bond diamond wheels trued by wire electrical discharge machining
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2002/04//
VL  - 252
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 644
SN  - 00431648
AB  - The stereographic scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging was used to investigate the wear mechanism in wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) truing of metal bond diamond wheels for ceramic grinding. A piece of the grinding wheel was removed after truing and grinding to enable the examination of wheel surface and measurement of diamond protrusion heights using a SEM and stereographic imaging software. The stereographic SEM imaging method was calibrated by comparing with the profilometer measurement results. On the wheel surface after wire EDM truing and before grinding, some diamond grain protruding heights were measured in the 32 μm level. Comparing to the 54 μm average size of the diamond grain, this indicated that over half of the diamond was exposed. During the wire EDM process, electrical sparks occur between the metal bond and EDM wire, which leaves the diamond protruded in the gap between the wire electrode and wheel. These protruding diamond grains with weak bond to the wheel were fractured under a light grinding condition. After heavy grinding, the diamond protrusion heights were estimated in the 5–15 μm range above the wear flat. A cavity created by grinding debris erosion wear of the wheel bond could be identified around the diamond grain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - MECHANICAL wear
KW  - METAL bonding
KW  - Diamond wheels
KW  - Electrical discharge machining (EDM)
KW  - Grinding wheel wear
KW  - Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
N1  - Accession Number: 7775463; Rhoney, Brian K. 1 Shih, Albert J. 1; Email Address: ajshih@eos.ncsu.edu Scattergood, Ronald O. 2 Ott, Ronald 3 McSpadden, Samuel B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA  3: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 252 Issue 7/8, p644; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: MECHANICAL wear; Subject Term: METAL bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond wheels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical discharge machining (EDM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Grinding wheel wear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuh, C.A.
AU  - Dunand, D.C.
T1  - Enhanced densification of zinc powders through thermal cycling
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/04/02/
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1349
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The densification of zinc powders by uniaxial hot pressing is investigated under both isothermal and thermal cycling conditions. Thermal cycling results in enhanced densification kinetics as compared to isothermal compaction at the upper cycle temperature. Using mechanistic models of initial-stage powder densification, the experimental data are analyzed to reveal the creep stress-exponent and activation energy of the dominant densification mechanism. Consequently, the observed densification enhancement during thermal cycling is confirmed to be due to internal stress plasticity, which is produced by internal mismatch stresses between adjacent zinc grains with anisotropic thermal expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC powder
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - Hot pressing
KW  - Powder consolidation
KW  - Superplasticity
KW  - Thermal expansion
KW  - Zinc
N1  - Accession Number: 7767404; Schuh, C.A. 1,2; Email Address: schuh1@llnl.gov Dunand, D.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1349; Subject Term: ZINC powder; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot pressing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder consolidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superplasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zinc; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331492 Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lorentzen, T.
AU  - Daymond, M.R.
AU  - Clausen, B.
AU  - Tomé, C.N.
T1  - Lattice strain evolution during cyclic loading of stainless steel
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/04/02/
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1627
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A uniaxial tension/compression test specimen was cycled between fixed total strain limits of ±0.4% for eight successive cycles. The sample was loaded using a dedicated Instron hydraulic load frame on the ENGIN station of the PEARL beam line at the ISIS facility of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. The load frame was aligned to allow simultaneous monitoring of longitudinal and transverse lattice strain components. There was a strong experimental hkl-dependency of the lattice strain response in both the effective stiffness and in the lattice strain loop hysteresis. The experimental data were compared with numerical predictions obtained from a self-consistent elasto-plastic model for the simulation of polycrystal deformation. A cyclic hardening law was developed and implemented into the modelling scheme, providing theoretical predictions in good agreement with experimental observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - Bauschinger effect
KW  - Elasto-plastic self-consistent model
KW  - Neutron diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7767427; Lorentzen, T. 1 Daymond, M.R. 2; Email Address: mark.daymond@rl.ac.uk Clausen, B. 3 Tomé, C.N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde 4000, Denmark  2: ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK  3: LANSCE-12, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1627; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bauschinger effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elasto-plastic self-consistent model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srivastava, Abneesh
AU  - Osgood Jr., Richard M.
T1  - Photoreaction dynamics of <f>CH3I</f> multilayers on GaAs(1 1 0): REMPI probing of the <f>CH3</f> umbrella mode
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/04/02/
VL  - 355
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The UV photodissociation dynamics of <f>CH3I</f> multilayers on GaAs(1 1 0) are studied using 2 + 1 resonant enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) detection of the <f>CH3 ν2</f> umbrella vibrational mode. The vibrational distribution formed appears much colder than the distribution resulting from gas-phase photodissociation of <f>CH3I</f>. Measurements of the surface reaction cross-section versus photon exposure and time-of-flight (TOF) studies of the <f>CH3</f> translational energy suggest that the colder temperature is attributable to dissociative electron attachment (DEA) by photoemitted substrate electrons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7775741; Srivastava, Abneesh 1 Osgood Jr., Richard M. 1,2; Email Address: osgood@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Columbia Radiation Laboratory, Columbia University, 1332 S W Mudd, MC 4712, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 355 Issue 3/4, p371; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ciszek, T.F.
AU  - Wang, T.H.
T1  - Silicon defect and impurity studies using float-zone crystal growth as a tool
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2002/04/03/Apr2002 Part 3
VL  - 237-239
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1685
EP  - 1691
SN  - 00220248
AB  - The float-zone (FZ) method for silicon crystal growth produces very high purities and low defect levels because no crucibles or other heated components are used, and the melt is only in contact with solid silicon. FZ growth is thus a useful tool for the study of defect and impurity effects on material properties such as minority charge carrier lifetime <f>τ</f> or photovoltaic efficiency <f>η</f> using controlled samples in which specific defects or impurities are deliberately introduced into the high-purity, low-defect baseline material, as desired. We have used this tool for defect studies on grain size, dislocations, silicon self interstitial clusters, and fast-cooling defects, as well as for impurity studies on H, N, Fe, p-type dopants, and interactions between Fe and Ga. Float zoning was conducted in vacuum or pure argon using induction heating at 2 MHz. The ASTM F28-91 photoconductive decay method was used to measure <f>τ</f> after growth. Arrays of isolated diagnostic solar cell devices were used to characterize defect and impurity effects on photovoltaic parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - A1. Defects
KW  - A1. Impurities
KW  - A1. Point defects
KW  - A2. Floating zone technique
KW  - B2. Semiconducting silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 22421595; Ciszek, T.F. Wang, T.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2002 Part 3, Vol. 237-239 Issue 1-3, p1685; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Point defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Floating zone technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schieber, M.
AU  - Schlesinger, T.E.
AU  - James, R.B.
AU  - Hermon, H.
AU  - Yoon, H.
AU  - Goorsky, M.
T1  - Study of impurity segregation, crystallinity, and detector performance of melt-grown cadmium zinc telluride crystals
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2002/04/03/Apr2002 Part 3
VL  - 237-239
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 2082
EP  - 2090
SN  - 00220248
AB  - A review of growth methods used to produce Cd1-xZnxTe (CZT) (0.0<x<0.20) crystals for radiation detector applications is presented. Most of the results emphasize the high-pressure Bridgman (HPB) method. For selected melt-grown HPB ingots, the liquid/solid segregation coefficients of some impurities were measured. The correlation of the impurity content and nuclear detector performance will be discussed. Extended defects and surface and bulk crystallinity were measured using triple and double axis X-ray diffraction techniques (TAD and DAD XRD), X-ray topography, and infrared microscopy. X-ray diffraction maps and IR images were generated and compared to gamma-ray detector tests to correlate macroscopic defects with the nuclear detector responses. Defects states of CZT were also investigated using low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy. Comparisons between the material and detector properties for different CZT growth methods will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ZINC compounds
KW  - METAL castings
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - A1. X-ray topography
KW  - A2. Growth from melt
KW  - B1. Zinc compounds
KW  - B2. Semiconducting II–VI materials
N1  - Accession Number: 22421670; Schieber, M. 1; Email Address: schieber@vms.huji.ac.il Schlesinger, T.E. 2 James, R.B. 3 Hermon, H. 4 Yoon, H. 5 Goorsky, M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Applied Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel  2: Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  4: Real Time Radiography Readout, Malkha Technological Park, Jerusalem 91487, Israel  5: University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA; Source Info: Apr2002 Part 3, Vol. 237-239 Issue 1-3, p2082; Subject Term: ZINC compounds; Subject Term: METAL castings; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. X-ray topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Growth from melt; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Zinc compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting II–VI materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331529 Other Nonferrous Metal Foundries (except Die-Casting); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hernández-Lamoneda, R.
AU  - Salazar, Michael R.
AU  - Pack, R.T.
T1  - Does ozone have a barrier to dissociation and recombination?
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/04/08/
VL  - 355
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 478
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The barrier associated with the dissociation and recombination of ozone has been calculated using highly correlated ab initio methods. Our calculations show that, for fixed equilibrium values of the bending angle and one bond distance, there is a very small barrier, <f>100 cm−1</f>, as opposed to much larger values previously reported. When the saddle point geometry is optimized, the reaction path still contains a barrier but the top of the barrier lies below the dissociation limit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - OZONE
KW  - METHOD of steepest descent (Numerical analysis)
N1  - Accession Number: 7778913; Hernández-Lamoneda, R. 1; Email Address: rhl@imaff.cfmac.csic.es Salazar, Michael R. 2 Pack, R.T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Centro de Investigaciones Quımicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 62210 Cuernavaca, Mor. Mexico  2: Department of Chemistry, Union University, 1050 University Dr., Jackson, TN 38305, USA  3: Theoretical Division (T-12, MS B268), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 355 Issue 5/6, p478; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: METHOD of steepest descent (Numerical analysis); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Protopopescu, V.
AU  - Barhen, J.
T1  - Solving a class of continuous global optimization problems using quantum algorithms
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/04/08/
VL  - 296
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We investigate the entwined roles that additional information and quantum algorithms play in reducing the complexity of a class of global optimization problems (GOP). We show that: (i) a modest amount of additional information is sufficient to map the continuous GOP into the (discrete) Grover problem; (ii) while this additional information is actually available in some GOPs, it cannot be taken advantage of within classical optimization algorithms; and (iii) quantum algorithms offer a natural framework for the efficient use of this information resulting in a speed-up of the solution of the GOP. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7793109; Protopopescu, V.; Email Address: vvp@ornl.gov Barhen, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Computing and Computational Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6355, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 296 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dittler, Achim
AU  - Ferer, Martin V.
AU  - Mathur, Pulkit
AU  - Djuranovic, P.
AU  - Kasper, Gerhard
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Patchy cleaning of rigid gas filters—transient regeneration phenomena comparison of modelling to experiment
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2002/04/08/
VL  - 124
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 00325910
AB  - Rigid ceramic filter media, widely used for the removal of particles from gas streams at elevated temperatures tend to show patchy cleaning when the filter regeneration is incomplete [Filtr. Sep. (1989) 187]. In order to investigate the regeneration behaviour and the operational performance of partially regenerated, rigid gas cleaning filter media over many filtration cycles, experiments were performed in a filter test rig. The regeneration behaviour of the filter sample was characterized by the overall regeneration efficiency, the local frequency of regeneration, and the number and size of regenerated filter areas. Using only four adjustable parameters, our modelling results compare favourably with our experimental results, at room temperature. This favourable comparison of the regeneration behaviour between modelling and experiment is achieved only if it is assumed that cohesive and adhesive bonds, which are broken during filter regeneration, do not heal during the next filtration cycle. Assuming otherwise would cause (i) the dust cake to be removed at the same positions during every regeneration and (ii) the patch size to increase from cycle to cycle instead of decreasing as seen in the experiment. Therefore, the model development was guided by our extensive experimental results. This agreement of modelling with experiment indicates that the modelling has real predictive capabilities for operational filter cleaning. Both filter conditioning and dust cake compression significantly influence the operational performance of partially regenerated filter media. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FILTERS & filtration
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - Filter media
KW  - Gas filters
KW  - Regeneration
N1  - Accession Number: 7775409; Dittler, Achim 1; Email Address: achim.dittler@daimlerchrysler.com Ferer, Martin V. 2 Mathur, Pulkit 2 Djuranovic, P. 2 Kasper, Gerhard 1 Smith, Duane H. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Mechanische Verfahrenstechnik und Mechanik, Universität Karlsruhe (TH), D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany  2: Department of Physics, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506-6315, USA  3: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U.S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box 880, Morgantown, WV 26507-880, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 124 Issue 1/2, p55; Subject Term: FILTERS & filtration; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filter media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas filters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regeneration; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Länge, K.
AU  - Griffin, G.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, T.
AU  - Gauglitz, G.
T1  - Characterization of antibodies against benzo[a]pyrene with thermodynamic and kinetic constants
JO  - Talanta
JF  - Talanta
Y1  - 2002/04/08/
VL  - 56
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1153
SN  - 00399140
AB  - Antibodies of a polyclonal antiserum against benzo[a]pyrene were characterized by determining thermodynamic and kinetic constants of the antigen–antibody reaction. Label-free binding assays with optical detection based on reflectometric interference spectroscopy were performed to determine these constants. Different evaluation methods for kinetic measurements were compared. Also, cross-reactivity against two other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chrysene and pyrene, was checked. The affinity constant between the antibodies and benzo[a]pyrene in homogeneous phase was determined to be K=(5.3±0.3)×107 M−1 which was in the middle of the usual range of antibody affinities. The association rate constant for the reaction at the surface was determined to be (3.8±0.9)×105 M−1 s−1, the dissociation rate constant as (9.7±0.5)×10−3 s−1. Different evaluation methods applied to the kinetic measurements led to the same results. This antiserum would be suitable for the selective determination of benzo[a]pyrene in concentrated samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ANTIGEN-antibody reactions
KW  - BENZOPYRENE
KW  - Affinity
KW  - Antibody
KW  - Avidity
KW  - Benzo[a]pyrene
KW  - Kinetic
N1  - Accession Number: 7776223; Länge, K. 1 Griffin, G. 2 Vo-Dinh, T. 2 Gauglitz, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany  2: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 56 Issue 6, p1153; Subject Term: ANTIGEN-antibody reactions; Subject Term: BENZOPYRENE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affinity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibody; Author-Supplied Keyword: Avidity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzo[a]pyrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pascual, J.I.
AU  - Jackiw, J.J.
AU  - Song, Z.
AU  - Weiss, P.S.
AU  - Conrad, H.
AU  - Rust, H.-P.
T1  - Adsorption and growth of benzene on Ag(<f>1 1 0</f>)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/04/10/
VL  - 502/503
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The low temperature adsorption of benzene on Ag(1 1 0) has been studied by means of scanning tunneling microscopy and vibrational scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Two adsorption states were found with very different growth, stability, and vibrational fingerprints. Vibrational characterization resolves small shifts in the positions of some of the peaks when the species were in an ordered layer. On some adsorption sites with reduced symmetry, the vibrational spectra show additional modes. Their observation is attributed to a distortion of the geometry of the adsorbed species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CHEMISORPTION
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - SILVER
KW  - Aromatics
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Growth
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Scanning tunneling spectroscopies
KW  - Silver
KW  - Vibrations of adsorbed molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 7782015; Pascual, J.I. 1; Email Address: pascual@fhi-berlin.mpg.de Jackiw, J.J. 1,2 Song, Z. 1,3 Weiss, P.S. 2 Conrad, H. 1 Rust, H.-P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany  2: Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-6300, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 502/503, p1; Subject Term: CHEMISORPTION; Subject Term: BENZENE; Subject Term: SILVER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aromatics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling spectroscopies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrations of adsorbed molecules; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwon, Sung-il
AU  - Regan, Amy
AU  - Wang, Yi-Ming
T1  - SNS Superconducting RF cavity modeling-iterative learning control
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04/11/
VL  - 482
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Superconducting RF (SRF) linear accelerator is operated with a pulsed beam. For the SRF control system to track the repetitive electromagnetic field reference trajectory, both feedback and feedforward controllers have been proposed. The feedback controller is utilized to guarantee the closed loop system stability and the feedforward controller is used to improve the tracking performance for the repetitive reference trajectory and to suppress repetitive disturbances. As the iteration number increases, the feedforward controller decreases the tracking error. Numerical simulations demonstrate that inclusion of the feedforward controller significantly improves the control system performance over its performance with just the feedback controller. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - FEEDFORWARD control systems
KW  - Feedback control
KW  - Feedforward control
KW  - Iterative learning control
KW  - Pulsed machine
KW  - Spallation Neutron Source
KW  - Superconducting RF cavity
N1  - Accession Number: 7782133; Kwon, Sung-il; Email Address: skwon@lanl.gov Regan, Amy 1 Wang, Yi-Ming 1; Affiliation:  1: SNS-2, RF Technology Group, SNS Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 482 Issue 1/2, p12; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: FEEDFORWARD control systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Feedback control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Feedforward control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iterative learning control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed machine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation Neutron Source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting RF cavity; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, J.T.
AU  - Akiba, Y.
AU  - Aphecetche, L.
AU  - Averbeck, R.
AU  - Awes, T.C.
AU  - Baublis, V.
AU  - Bazilevsky, A.
AU  - Bennett, M.J.
AU  - Buesching, H.
AU  - Burward-Hoy, J.
AU  - Butsyk, S.
AU  - Chiu, M.
AU  - Christ, T.
AU  - Chujo, T.
AU  - Constantin, P.
AU  - David, G.
AU  - Denisov, A.
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Hansen, A.G.
AU  - Hemmick, T.K.
T1  - Event reconstruction in the PHENIX central arm spectrometers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04/11/
VL  - 482
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The central arm spectrometers for the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider have been designed for the optimization of particle identification in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The spectrometers present a challenging environment for event reconstruction due to a very high track multiplicity in a complicated, focusing, magnetic field. In order to meet this challenge, nine distinct detector types are integrated for charged particle tracking, momentum reconstruction, and particle identification. The techniques which have been developed for the task of event reconstruction are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Pattern recognition
KW  - Spectrometers
N1  - Accession Number: 7782169; Mitchell, J.T. 1; Email Address: mitchell@bnl.gov Akiba, Y. 2 Aphecetche, L. 3 Averbeck, R. 4 Awes, T.C. 5 Baublis, V. 6 Bazilevsky, A. 7 Bennett, M.J. 8 Buesching, H. 9 Burward-Hoy, J. 4 Butsyk, S. 4 Chiu, M. 10 Christ, T. 4 Chujo, T. 1 Constantin, P. 11 David, G. 1 Denisov, A. 12 Drees, A. 4 Hansen, A.G. 8 Hemmick, T.K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, WY 11973-5000, USA  2: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, Japan  3: SUBATECH (Echole des Mines de Nantes, IN2P3/CNRS, Université de Nantes) BP 20722-44307, Nantes-Cedex 3, France  4: State University of New York - Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  6: PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia  7: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, WY 11973-5000, USA  8: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  9: Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany  10: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, USA  11: Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  12: Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP), Protvino, Russia; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 482 Issue 1/2, p491; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pattern recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrometers; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nara, Y.
AU  - Vance, S.E.
AU  - Csizmadia, P.
T1  - A study of parton energy loss in <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at RHIC using transport theory
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/04/11/
VL  - 531
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Parton energy loss in <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at RHIC energies is studied by numerically solving the relativistic Boltzmann equation for the partons including <f>2↔2</f> and <f>2→2+final state radiation</f> collision processes. Final particle spectra are obtained using two hadronization models; the Lund string fragmentation and independent fragmentation models. Recent, preliminary <f>π0</f> transverse momentum distributions from central <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at RHIC are reproduced using gluon–gluon scattering cross sections of 5–12 mb, depending upon the hadronization model. Comparisons with the HIJING jet quenching algorithm are made. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7782235; Nara, Y. 1; Email Address: ynara@bnl.gov Vance, S.E. 2 Csizmadia, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  3: RMKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 531 Issue 3/4, p209; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Brian C.
AU  - Bloom, Paul D.
AU  - Baikerikar, K.G.
AU  - Sheares, Valerie V.
AU  - Mallapragada, Surya K.
T1  - Al–Cu–Fe quasicrystal/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composites as biomaterials for acetabular cup prosthetics
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 23
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1761
SN  - 01429612
AB  - Polymer composites of Al–Cu–Fe quasicrystals and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) were investigated for use in acetabular cup prosthetics. The wear properties of the Al–Cu–Fe/UHMWPE samples and a 440 steel ball counterface were measured. The mechanical strength of the Al–Cu–Fe/UHMWPE composites was compared to UHMWPE and alumina/UHMWPE. The biocompatibility of the composite material was tested using a direct contact cytotoxicity assay. Al–Cu–Fe/UHMWPE demonstrated lower volume loss after wear and higher mechanical strength than UHMWPE. This composite material also showed no increase in counterface wear or cytotoxicity relative to UHMWPE. These combined results demonstrate that Al–Cu–Fe/UHMWPE composites are promising candidate materials for acetabular cup prosthetics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - PROSTHESIS
KW  - Biocompatible
KW  - Joint replacement
KW  - Polymer composite
KW  - Quasicrystal
KW  - Reduced wear
N1  - Accession Number: 7761407; Anderson, Brian C. 1,2 Bloom, Paul D. 2,3 Baikerikar, K.G. 2,3 Sheares, Valerie V. 2,3 Mallapragada, Surya K. 1,2; Email Address: suryakm@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Iowa State University, 2114 Sweeney Hall, Ames, IA 50011-2230, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 23 Issue 8, p1761; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: PROSTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biocompatible; Author-Supplied Keyword: Joint replacement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasicrystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduced wear; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446199 All Other Health and Personal Care Stores; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ott, Kevin C.
AU  - Clark, Noline C.
AU  - Rau, Jon A.
T1  - Hysteresis in activity of microporous lean NOx catalysts in the presence of water vapor
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 73
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Increasingly stringent ambient air quality standards coupled with the need to improve fuel economy has drawn significant attention to the search for emission control systems for lean burn engine vehicles. Much of the focus has been on zeolite-based catalysts for the conversion of NOx to N2 for automotive exhaust emission control. Under certain conditions, these catalysts are highly active catalysts for the reduction of NOx using hydrocarbons as the reductant. However, many of these catalysts suffer from a variety of deactivation processes such as irreversible poisoning by SOx or hydrothermal dealumination.In addition to these deactivation processes, a recent focus of our research has been on the influence of water vapor on the activity of zeolite-based catalysts at low operating temperatures. We observe a hysteresis in catalytic activity of lean NOx reduction (NO feed concentrations <100 ppm) upon increasing and decreasing temperature ramps at the low end of the operating window, that being from 100 to 300 °C using hydrocarbons as reductants. We describe these reversible influences of water vapor and the implications for this hysteresis in catalytic activity for the application of zeolite-based catalysts in lean NOx catalysis, and compare these results to the instance of using ammonia as reductant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - Ammonia SCR
KW  - Hysteresis
KW  - Lean Nox
KW  - Water
KW  - Zeolite
N1  - Accession Number: 8800880; Ott, Kevin C.; Email Address: kcott@lanl.gov Clark, Noline C. 1 Rau, Jon A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 73 Issue 3/4, p223; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ammonia SCR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hysteresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lean Nox; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolite; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Darlington, Rebecca M.
AU  - McAbee, Thomas L.
AU  - Rodrigue, Garry
T1  - Large eddy simulation and ALE mesh motion in Rayleigh–Taylor instability simulation
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 144
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Many large eddy simulation (LES) techniques have been developed for stationary computational meshes. This study applies a single equation LES to Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) simulations of Rayleigh–Taylor instability and investigates its effects. Behavior of LES is similar for Eulerian and ALE simulations for the test problem studied. However, the motion of the mesh can be tied to the subgrid scale model in the form of a relaxation weight based on subgrid scale energy. This increases mesh resolution in areas of high subgrid scale energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - ALE
KW  - Large eddy simulation
KW  - Rayleigh–Taylor instability
N1  - Accession Number: 7797547; Darlington, Rebecca M. 1; Email Address: darlingtonl@llnl.gov McAbee, Thomas L. 1; Email Address: mcabee@llnl.gov Rodrigue, Garry 1,2; Email Address: rodrigue@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Applied Science, Univ. of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 144 Issue 3, p261; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ALE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large eddy simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayleigh–Taylor instability; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - George, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Colvin, Michael E.
AU  - Krishnan, V.V.
T1  - A simulator for ensemble quantum computing
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 144
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
SN  - 00104655
AB  - A quantum computer simulator based on the principles of ensemble quantum computing using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is presented. The first version of ensemble quantum computer simulator (enQC-lator) is based on density matrix description of the NMR and models the implementation of quantum computation in a NMR spectrometer. The simulator is designed to perform general purpose quantum computing and will be useful to evaluate quantum-computing codes prior to their actual implementation and to design new ones. The performance of the simulator is demonstrated in several logical operations and algorithms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM computers
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - NUMERICAL integration
KW  - NMR spectroscopy
KW  - Numerical integration
KW  - Quantum computer
KW  - Simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 7797548; George, Jeffrey A. 1 Colvin, Michael E. 2 Krishnan, V.V. 1; Email Address: krish@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biomolecular NMR, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-448 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Computational Biology Group, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-448 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 144 Issue 3, p277; Subject Term: QUANTUM computers; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: NUMERICAL integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum computer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaniman, D.T.
AU  - Chipera, S.J.
AU  - Bish, D.L.
AU  - Duff, M.C.
AU  - Hunter, D.B.
T1  - Crystal chemistry of clay-Mn oxide associations in soils, fractures, and matrix of the Bandelier Tuff, Pajarito Mesa, New Mexico
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1349
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The upper 25 m of Bandelier Tuff at Pajarito Mesa, New Mexico, include soils, shallow fractures, deeper fractures, and tuff matrices in which clays provide a record of transport and alteration. The principal pathways within this system are fractures that penetrate the tuff. Large fractures that host deep root penetration provide a setting in which clay deposits accumulate through particulate or colloidal migration from the soil zone. Clays throughout the system are predominantly expandable interstratified illite/smectites (I/S), but clays of the tuff matrix at depth are distinctly Fe-rich and are not mixed with clays transported from the surface into fractures. Chemical alteration superimposed on clay particles transported into fractures results in clays with lower Al : Si ratios, higher Na, and higher lanthanide content with increasingly negative Eu anomalies with depth. These changes are accompanied by invasion and precipitation of Mn oxides, principally birnessite, within clay bodies. Investigation of the Mn oxides by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) shows that Mn is associated with Ba, Ce, Ni, and Pb. In addition, synchrotron X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra show that Ce in Mn oxides occurs as Ce3+ and Ce4+, with average Ce oxidation state of ∼3.75. The Mn oxides intergrown with clays actively participate in removal of Ce from solution, accompanied by oxidation of Ce3+ to Ce4+. Other lanthanides are accumulated by the clays but are not concentrated along with Ce in the Mn oxides. Extraction of Ce from solution by Mn oxides is more effective than lanthanide accumulation in clay, a process that is variable and likely influenced by defects, extent of recrystallization, and particle sizes. This dichotomy in lanthanide interaction results in locally constant Ce content but either negative or positive Ce anomalies in the clay-Mn oxide system as a consequence of variability in the abundance of the other lanthanides. Nevertheless, the net lanthanide pattern for the sum of all clay-Mn oxide samples in either shallow or deep fractures has no Ce anomaly, indicating that other lanthanides segregated from Ce are not transported beyond the range of either the shallow or deep fracture systems. Evidence from Eu anomalies indicates that lanthanides accumulated in the fracture clays are acquired from the local tuff. The clay-Mn oxide assemblage is more effective than clay alone in accumulating of a wide variety of heavy metals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL science
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 7791607; Vaniman, D.T. 1; Email Address: vaniman@lanl.gov Chipera, S.J. 1 Bish, D.L. 1 Duff, M.C. 2 Hunter, D.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Science Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Westinghouse Savannah River Company. Savannah River Technology Center, Aiken, SC 29808, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 66 Issue 8, p1349; Subject Term: SOIL science; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wayne, David M.
AU  - Hang, Wei
AU  - McDaniel, Diane K.
AU  - Fields, Robert E.
AU  - Rios, Eddie
AU  - Majidi, Vahid
T1  - The thermal ionization cavity (TIC) source: elucidation of possible mechanisms for enhanced ionization efficiency
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 216
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 13873806
AB  - We discuss the ionization efficiency performance of a thermal ionization cavity source which has been adapted for use in an orthogonal acceleration linear thermal ionization cavity time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TIC-TOFMS). Our results indicate that the maximum ionization efficiency of thorium, a notoriously difficult element to ionize thermally, in the present TIC-TOFMS system is about 1–3%. This represents a 10–30× enhancement of the typical Th sample utilization for conventional, Re filament-based, thermal ionization mass spectrometry sources. Thorium samples were small (0.075–25 ng), therefore, analytical blanks for Th in the tungsten TIC were also measured and subtracted from the total Th ion signal arriving at the detector. Prominent peaks that correspond to multiply-charged (2+ and 3+) tungsten ions are always evident in high-temperature (>2400 °C) spectra. Furthermore, TIC-TOFMS spectra also contained peaks corresponding to elements with ionization potentials in excess of 8 eV, such as beryllium. The presence of multiply-charged tungsten peaks, and beryllium peaks, are indicative of significant ionization via non-thermal processes, such as electron impact, in or near the TIC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - ISOTOPE separators
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Isotope separators
KW  - Metal clusters
KW  - Saha–Langmuir equation
KW  - Thermal ionization cavity
KW  - Thermal ionization efficiency
KW  - Thermal ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - Thorium
KW  - TOFMS
N1  - Accession Number: 7780181; Wayne, David M. 1 Hang, Wei 2 McDaniel, Diane K. 1 Fields, Robert E. 3 Rios, Eddie 1 Majidi, Vahid 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Materials and Technology Division, MS E-530, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Chemistry Division, MS K-484, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G-770, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 216 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: ISOTOPE separators; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope separators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saha–Langmuir equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal ionization cavity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal ionization efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal ionization mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thorium; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOFMS; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Glen P.
AU  - King, Fred L.
AU  - Goeringer, Douglas E.
AU  - Duckworth, Douglas C.
T1  - Collision-induced dissociation of lanthanide oxide ions in quadrupole ion traps: effects of bond strength and mass
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 216
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Collision-induced dissociation (CID) rates are measured for a suite of lanthanide (plus yttrium) monoxide ions stored in a quadrupole ion trap. Yttrium, neodymium, and gadolinium oxides, having the same nominal dissociation energy (D0 &ap; 735 kJ mol−1) but different masses, provide an empirical correction of −1.2 s−1 amu−1 for the measured CID rates. The CID rate correction enables the correlation of bond dissociation energy with CID rate, allowing quantitative determinations of bond dissociation energies for lanthanide metal monoxide ions. For bond dissociation energies in the range of 567–849 kJ mol−1, mass corrected rates range from 50 to 120 s−1. The calibration sensitivity is equivalent to 5 kJ mol−1 s−1, and the measurement precision is ∼25 kJ mol−1. Bond energy determinations are found to agree with the average values reported for lanthanide oxide ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - Bond strength
KW  - Collision-induced dissociation
KW  - Lanthanide oxide ions
N1  - Accession Number: 7780184; Jackson, Glen P. 1 King, Fred L. 1 Goeringer, Douglas E. 2 Duckworth, Douglas C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6045, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 216 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bond strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collision-induced dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanide oxide ions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dasher, Douglas
AU  - Hanson, Wayne
AU  - Read, Stan
AU  - Faller, Scott
AU  - Farmer, Dennis
AU  - Efurd, Wes
AU  - Kelley, John
AU  - Patrick, Robert
T1  - An assessment of the reported leakage of anthropogenic radionuclides from the underground nuclear test sites at Amchitka Island, Alaska, USA to the surface environment
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 60
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - Three underground nuclear tests representing approximately 15–16% of the total effective energy released during the United States underground nuclear testing program from 1951 to 1992 were conducted at Amchitka Island, Alaska. In 1996, Greenpeace reported that leakage of radionuclides, 241Am and 239+240Pu, from these underground tests to the terrestrial and freshwater environments had been detected. In response to this report, a federal, state, tribal and non-governmental team conducted a terrestrial and freshwater radiological sampling program in 1997. Additional radiological sampling was conducted in 1998. An assessment of the reported leakage to the freshwater environment was evaluated by assessing 3 H values in surface waters and 240Pu/239Pu ratios in various sample media. Tritium values ranged from 0.41 Bq/l±0.11 two sigma to 0.74 Bq/l±0.126 two sigma at the surface water sites sampled, including the reported leakage sites. Only at the Long Shot test site, where leakage of radioactive gases to the near-surface occurred in 1965, were higher 3H levels of 5.8 Bq/l±0.19 two sigma still observed in 1997, in mud pit #3. The mean 240Pu/239Pu for all of the Amchitka samples was 0.1991±0.0149 one standard deviation, with values ranging from 0.1824±1.43% one sigma to 0.2431±6.56% one sigma.The measured 3H levels and 240Pu/239Pu ratios in freshwater moss and sediments at Amchitka provide no evidence of leakage occurring at the sites reported by Buske and Miller (1998 Nuclear-Weapons-Free America and Alaska Community Action on Toxics, Anchorage, Ak, p. 38) and Miller and Buske (1996 Nuclear Flashback: The Return to Anchitka, p. 35). It was noted that the marine sample; 240Pu/239Pu ratios are statistically different than the global fallout ratios presented by Krey et al. (1976) and Kelley, Bond, and Beasley (1999). The additional non-fallout component 240Pu/239Pu ratio, assuming a single unique source, necessary to modify the global fallout 240Pu/239Pu ratio to that measured in the marine samples is on the order of 0.65 (Hameedi, Efurd, Harmon, Valette-Silver, & Robertson, 1999; Kelley et al., 1999). While this potentially suggests another plutonium source, such as high burn-up nuclear reactor fuel, rather than underground nuclear tests, the uncertainties in analyses and environmental processes need to be fully assessed before any conclusion can be reached.Further work is needed to evaluate these findings and to support any radiological assessment of the marine environment surrounding Amchitka. Based on geohydrological testing and modeling, leakage from the Amchitka Underground Nuclear Tests is projected to occur to the marine environment (Claassen, 1978; Fenske, 1972; Wheatcraft, 1995). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - RADIOACTIVE pollution
KW  - AMCHITKA Island (Alaska)
KW  - ALASKA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Amchitka Island
KW  - Cannikin
KW  - Long shot
KW  - Milrow
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Tritium
KW  - Underground nuclear testing
N1  - Accession Number: 8769514; Dasher, Douglas 1; Email Address: ddasher@envircon.state.ak.us Hanson, Wayne 2 Read, Stan 1 Faller, Scott 3 Farmer, Dennis 3 Efurd, Wes 4 Kelley, John 5 Patrick, Robert 6; Affiliation:  1: Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, 610 University Avenue, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA  2: Hanson Environmental Research Service, Inc.,1902 Yew Street Rd., Bellingham, WA 98226, USA  3: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Radiation and Indoor Environments National Laboratory, P.O. Box 98517, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemical Science and Technology, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA  6: Aleutian/Pribilof Island Association, 201 East 3rd Avenue, Anchorage, AK 99501, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 60 Issue 1/2, p165; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE pollution; Subject Term: AMCHITKA Island (Alaska); Subject Term: ALASKA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alaska; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amchitka Island; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cannikin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long shot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Milrow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Underground nuclear testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Desnica, U.V.
AU  - Desnica-Frankovic, I.D.
AU  - Gamulin, O.
AU  - White, C.W.
AU  - Sonder, E.
AU  - Zuhr, R.A.
T1  - Formation of CdS nanocrystals in SiO<f>2</f> by ion implantation
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 299-302
IS  - Part 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1100
SN  - 00223093
AB  - We present a systematic study of the influence of ion dose and post-implantation annealing on the synthesis and growth of CdS nanocrystals in a SiO<f>2</f> matrix. Nanocrystals were obtained after implantation of monoenergetic Cd and S ions and subsequent annealing in a very wide range of annealing temperatures, <f>Ta</f>. The average size, as determined from the blue shift of band gap <f>Eg</f>, varied from 3.5–4.5 to 10 nm, depending on implantation and annealing parameters. For the highest dose, 10<f>17</f> ions/cm<f>2</f>, the synthesis of CdS phase starts already during implantation. For <f>Ta</f> above 700 <f>°</f>C, large nanocrystals (9–10 nm) prevail for all doses. High energy optical transitions, identified as the <f>E1A</f> and <f>E1B</f> transitions of hexagonal CdS, were also observed after annealings at higher temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 7793286; Desnica, U.V. 1; Email Address: desnica@rudjer.irb.hr Desnica-Frankovic, I.D. 1 Gamulin, O. 2 White, C.W. 3 Sonder, E. 3 Zuhr, R.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, R. Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia  2: School of Medicine, Zagreb University, Salata 3, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 299-302 Issue Part 2, p1100; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fortmann, C.M.
AU  - Mahan, A.H.
AU  - Hata, N.
T1  - Advances in amorphous silicon-based photonic technology
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 299-302
IS  - Part 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1267
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Significant advances have occurred in amorphous silicon-based photonic engineering. Previously we showed that amorphous silicon was an ideal matrix for photonic engineering because of the ease by which the refractive index can be controlled through in situ or ex situ hydrogen content manipulation. Concurrently we have been investigating the optical properties changes associated with the light-induced degradation of amorphous silicon materials. These investigations have identified a wide range of light-induced effects with far reaching prospects for photonic engineering. These changes include a slow light-induced reversible change related to structural change and a fast reversible light-induced changes thought to be related to electron–photon–phonon interaction. Significant to many potential applications light-induced changes in optical properties do not significantly decrease with increasing measurement temperature (up to the ∼200 °C probed by this work). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - 42.25.Ja
N1  - Accession Number: 7793319; Fortmann, C.M. 1; Email Address: fortmann@ams.sunysb.edu Mahan, A.H. 2 Hata, N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: Advanced Semiconductor Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST Central 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 299-302 Issue Part 2, p1267; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 42.25.Ja; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Babu, S.S.
AU  - Sokolov, M.A.
AU  - Nanstad, R.K.
AU  - Iskander, S.K.
T1  - Effect of stress relief temperature and cooling rate on pressure vessel steel welds
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 327
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The compositions of the matrices of welds in a pressure vessel steel have been determined by atom probe tomography after a series of stress relief treatments. The weld had a bulk composition of Fe–0.29 at.% Cu–1.69 at.% Mn–0.54 at.% Ni–0.69 at.% Si–0.25 at.% Mo–0.08 at.% Cr–0.38 at.% C–0.022 at.% P–0.017 at.% S and was characterized in the as-welded state, after stress relief treatments of 24 h at 650 °C, 24 h at 610 °C, and 100 h at 580 °C followed by slow cooling to room temperature and after 24 h at 650 °C and 24 h at 610 °C followed by fast cooling to room temperature. Lower stress relief temperatures and slower cooling of the material from the stress relief temperature to room temperature both reduce the copper level in the matrix and should lead to less embrittlement during service in a nuclear reactor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRESSURE vessels
KW  - NODULAR iron
KW  - COPPER alloys
KW  - MANGANESE alloys
KW  - Atom probe
KW  - Ductility
KW  - Pressure vessel steel
KW  - Welds
N1  - Accession Number: 7759253; Miller, M.K. 1; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Babu, S.S. 2 Sokolov, M.A. 3 Nanstad, R.K. 3 Iskander, S.K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 5500, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  2: Materials Joining and Nondestructive Testing Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6096, USA  3: Fracture Mechanics Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6151, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 327 Issue 1, p76; Subject Term: PRESSURE vessels; Subject Term: NODULAR iron; Subject Term: COPPER alloys; Subject Term: MANGANESE alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure vessel steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Welds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Bryhan, A.J.
T1  - Effect of Zr, B and C additions on the ductility of molybdenum
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 327
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Through the addition of Zr, Al, C and B at the parts per million level to molybdenum, a significant improvement in ductility of a molybdenum weldment has been produced. This improvement approaches 20% ductility in gas–tungsten arc weldments in 4.8-mm-thick plate compared to the traditional 3% ductility. This improvement has been achieved by improving the normally low fracture stress of grain boundaries. Atom probe tomography revealed segregation of zirconium, boron and carbon and the depletion of oxygen and nitrogen at the grain boundaries in the base metal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Atom probe
KW  - Ductility
KW  - Grain boundary segregation
KW  - Molybdenum
N1  - Accession Number: 7759254; Miller, M.K. 1; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Bryhan, A.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  2: Applied Materials, Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 327 Issue 1, p80; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary segregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Babu, S.S.
AU  - Burke, M.G.
T1  - Comparison of the phase compositions in Alloy 718 measured by atom probe tomography and predicted by thermodynamic calculations
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 327
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 84
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A comparison has been made of the phase compositions predicted by thermodynamic calculations and measured by atom probe tomography in a commercial Alloy 718 nickel based superalloy. The results indicate that caution should be taken in the application of the Ni&z.sbnd;Fe database/Thermocalc™ to superalloys because some of the predicted phases may not correspond to actual microstructure of commercial alloys. When microstructural information is taken into account and absent phases are suppressed in the calculations, reasonable agreement between the atom probe data and the thermodynamic predictions may be achieved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - CHROMIUM-cobalt-nickel-molybdenum alloys
KW  - Alloy 718
KW  - Alloy phase composition
KW  - Atom probe
KW  - Superalloy
N1  - Accession Number: 7759255; Miller, M.K.; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Babu, S.S. 1 Burke, M.G.; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6376, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 327 Issue 1, p84; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: CHROMIUM-cobalt-nickel-molybdenum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloy 718; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloy phase composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superalloy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Anderson, I.M.
AU  - Pike, L.M.
AU  - Klarstrom, D.L.
T1  - Microstructural characterization of Haynes® 242™ alloy
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 327
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A microstructural characterization has been performed on a HAYNES 242 nickel-molybdenum-chromium superalloy. Molybdenum was found to partition to the lenticular Ni2(Mo,Cr) precipitates whereas iron, aluminum, silicon, manganese and nickel were found to partition to the γ matrix. Chromium was not found to partition significantly between the phases. Atom probe tomography and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy core-loss images revealed boron, molybdenum, chromium, phosphorus and carbon segregation to the grain boundaries. Despite the size of the precipitates being larger after a two-step heat treatment of 16 h at 704 °C+16 h at 650 °C compared to a one-step heat treatment of 48 h at 650 °C, no significant differences were found in the mechanical properties or the compositions of the phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - CHROMIUM-cobalt-nickel-molybdenum alloys
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Atom probe tomography
KW  - Grain boundary segregation
KW  - Haynes 242
KW  - Partitioning
KW  - Superalloy
N1  - Accession Number: 7759256; Miller, M.K. 1; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Anderson, I.M. 1 Pike, L.M. 2 Klarstrom, D.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  2: Haynes International Inc., 1020 W. Park Avenue, Kokomo, IN 46904-9013, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 327 Issue 1, p89; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: CHROMIUM-cobalt-nickel-molybdenum alloys; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom probe tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary segregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Haynes 242; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superalloy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geiser, Urs
AU  - Kini, Aravinda M.
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
AU  - Wang, H. Hau
AU  - Williams, Jack M.
T1  - THE SEARCH FOR NEW SUPERCONDUCTORS AT ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1058725X
AB  - The organic superconductors program at Argonne National Laboratory was started by Jack M. Williams in 1981. Initial studies centered around structural effects in the TMTSF salts. Since 1984, the major emphasis has been on salts of the electron donor bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (ET). Important milestones include the discovery of a number of new superconductors, among them: β-(ET) 2 IBr 2 (T c =2.8 K) and β-(ET) 2 AuI 2 (T c =4-5 K). These salts led to the first structure-properties relationship in ET salts. κ-(ET) 2 Cu[N(CN) 2 ]Br (T c =11.8 K, ambient pressure) and κ-(ET) 2 Cu[N(CN) 2 ]Cl (T c =12.5 K at 0.3 kbar pressure) are still the cation radical superconductors with the highest known transition temperatures. The families of κ L - and κ H -(ET) 2 [M(CF 3 ) 4 ](solvent) salts (T c =2-11 K) yielded at least 25 new closely related organic superconductors with M=Cu, Ag, Au, and solvent=1,1,2-trihaloethane. β″-(ET) 2 SF 5 CH 2 CF 2 SO 3 (T c =5 K) was the first superconductor where both the radical cation and the charge balancing anion were organic. Recent results in the synthesis and characterization of ET salts with anions similar to SF 5 CH 2 CF 2 SO 3 - are presented. organic superconductors bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene history [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - TRANSITION temperature
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 10910908; Geiser, Urs 1 Kini, Aravinda M. 1 Schlueter, John A. 1 Wang, H. Hau 1 Williams, Jack M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 380 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: TRANSITION temperature; Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: ARGONNE National Laboratory; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eldridge, J.E.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Schlueter, J.
AU  - Wang, H.H.
AU  - Kini, A.M.
T1  - RAMAN AND INFRARED STUDIES OF THE SHARP 890 CM -1 MODE IN ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTORS.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1058725X
AB  - Raman and infrared spectra of several organic superconductors are presented, showing some unusual behaviours of a sharp line at 890 cm -1 in both spectra. These include a frequency shift below T c , a positive deuterium isotope shift, frequency softening at low temperatures and sensitivity to lattice superstructure. It is proposed that either the ion or the neutral molecule has a distortion with a strong ν 60 (B 3g ) mode component. Raman infrared organic superconductors electron-phonon [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
N1  - Accession Number: 10910888; Eldridge, J.E. 1 Lin, Y. 1 Schlueter, J. 2 Wang, H.H. 2 Kini, A.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Canada  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 380 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
AU  - Ward, Brian H.
AU  - Geiser, Urs
AU  - Kini, Aravinda M.
AU  - Wang, H. Hau
AU  - Hata, Aaron N.
AU  - Mohtasham, Javid
AU  - Winter, Rolf W.
AU  - Gard, Gary L.
T1  - CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF THE SUPERCONDUCTING β″-(ET) 2 SF 5 CH 2 CF 2 SO 3 STRUCTURE THROUGH USE OF CF 3 C RR ′SO 3 - ANIONS.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1058725X
AB  - Discrete, organic anions provide an attractive alternative for the synthesis of molecular superconductors. We have previously prepared the first completely organic superconductor, β″-(BEDT-TTF) 2 SF 5 CH 2 CF 2 SO 3 [BEDT-TTF, hereafter abbreviated ET, is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiofulvalene]. Molecular metals which contain organic anions are essentially free of the magnetic impurities (i.e. Cu +2 ) that often plague the physical property studies of organic superconductors such as κ-(ET) 2 Cu[N(CN) 2 ]Br. We have undertaken a research effort aimed at the crystallization of conducting charge transfer salts which possess fluorinated alkylsulfonate anions as the charge compensating entities. Herein we report the extension of this work to include the synthesis and characterization of ET salts of the trifluoromethylsulfonate anions, CF 3 CRR′SO 3 - (R, R′=F, H). organic superconductors trifluoroethylsulfonate anions bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene crystal structure [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - SALTS
N1  - Accession Number: 10910886; Schlueter, John A. 1; Email Address: jaschlueter@anl.gov Ward, Brian H. 1 Geiser, Urs 1 Kini, Aravinda M. 1 Wang, H. Hau 1 Hata, Aaron N. 1 Mohtasham, Javid 2 Winter, Rolf W. 2 Gard, Gary L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 380 Issue 1, p129; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: SALTS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breese, M.B.H.
AU  - Jamieson, D.N.
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
T1  - The use of solenoid lenses in a two-stage nuclear microprobe probe-forming system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 188
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Nuclear microprobes typically achieve a demagnification between 20 and 100 by using a single-stage quadrupole multiplet as the probe-forming system. Whilst quadrupole lenses provide the strong field necessary for focusing MeV ions, they also have higher intrinsic spherical and chromatic aberrations, and also higher parasitic aberrations than found in solenoid lenses. Given the fundamentally superior spatial resolution which is attainable using solenoids, their use in a two-stage microprobe system comprising a magnetic quadruplet and a solenoid lens as the first and second demagnifying stages respectively is studied here. Calculated results are compared with a two-stage system comprising two quadruplets and also with an existing single-stage system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - Beam transport
KW  - Ion optics
KW  - Nuclear microprobes
KW  - Solenoid lenses
N1  - Accession Number: 8771143; Breese, M.B.H. 1; Email Address: m.breese@surrey.ac.uk Jamieson, D.N. 2 Doyle, B.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 5XH, UK  2: School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1056, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 188 Issue 1-4, p261; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear microprobes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solenoid lenses; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, E.
AU  - Mutlu, I.H.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - Ceramic insulation for Nb<f>3</f>Sn wires and magnets
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 370
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The processing of In<f>2</f>O<f>3</f>–ZrO<f>2</f> and SnO<f>2</f>–ZrO<f>2</f> coatings were evaluated on Nb<f>3</f>Sn wires. Coatings were produced by using reel-to-reel, continuous sol–gel system from solutions of Zr, In, and Sn based organometallic compounds. Microstructure, phase composition and formation of the coatings were characterized by means of ESEM, SEM, EDS, XRD and DTA studies. Sol–gel zirconia based ceramic coatings, varying from submicron to several of microns in thickness, have been successfully applied to Nb<f>3</f>Sn wires at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. Insulated and uninsulated Nb<f>3</f>Sn conductors, that were heat treated together, showed about the same <f>Jc</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - THERMAL insulation
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - Cu–Nb<f>3</f>Sn wires
KW  - Insulation
KW  - LTS magnet
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 7778995; Celik, E. 1,2 Mutlu, I.H. 1 Hascicek, Y.S. 1; Email Address: yusuf@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 370 Issue 2, p125; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: THERMAL insulation; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu–Nb<f>3</f>Sn wires; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: LTS magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423330 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Mardahl, P.
AU  - Lee, H.J.
AU  - Penn, G.
AU  - Wurtele, J.S.
AU  - Fisch, N.J.
T1  - Intense laser pulse amplification using Raman backscatter in plasma channels
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/04/15/
VL  - 296
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 109
SN  - 03759601
AB  - It has been proposed that the Raman backscatter interaction in a plasma can be used to amplify ultra-intense laser pulses. To accomplish this, energy is transferred from a long drive pulse at frequency <f>ωpump</f> to an intense seed pulse at frequency <f>ωseed</f>, with a Langmuir plasma wave at frequency <f>wp</f> mediating the transfer; the frequencies are chosen to satisfy the resonant condition <f>ωp=ωpump−ωseed</f>. Diffraction of the pulses limits the interaction length in a uniform plasma, and hence the energy transfer between the pulses. However in a parabolic plasma density channel it is shown, through two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, that such a plasma channel can be used to guide both the amplified and drive pulses over an interaction distance much greater than a diffraction length. The seed pulse is amplified by a factor of more than 200 in energy for pulses whose widths are matched to the channel size, and achieve a peak intensity of more than <f>6×1017 W/cm2</f>. Unmatched pump pulses are seen to generate much smaller gain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - Laser
KW  - Plasma
KW  - Raman backscatter
N1  - Accession Number: 7797483; Mardahl, P. 1; Email Address: peterm@eecs.berkeley.edu Lee, H.J. 1 Penn, G. 1 Wurtele, J.S. 1 Fisch, N.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 296 Issue 2/3, p109; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman backscatter; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morales, A.
AU  - Aalseth, C.E.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Brodzinski, R.L.
AU  - Cebrián, S.
AU  - Garcıa, E.
AU  - Irastorza, I.G.
AU  - Kirpichnikov, I.V.
AU  - Klimenko, A.A.
AU  - Miley, H.S.
AU  - Morales, J.
AU  - Ortiz de Solórzano, A.
AU  - Osetrov, S.B.
AU  - Pogosov, V.S.
AU  - Puimedón, J.
AU  - Reeves, J.H.
AU  - Sarsa, M.L.
AU  - Smolnikov, A.A.
AU  - Tamanyan, A.G.
AU  - Vasenko, A.A.
T1  - Improved constraints on wimps from the international germanium experiment IGEX
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/04/18/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 03702693
AB  - One IGEX 76Ge double-beta decay detector is currently operating in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in a search for dark matter WIMPs, through the Ge nuclear recoil produced by the WIMP elastic scattering. A new exclusion plot, <f>σ</f>(m), has been derived for WIMP-nucleon spin-independent interactions. To obtain this result, 40 days of data from the IGEX detector (energy threshold <f>Ethr∼4</f> keV), recently collected, have been analyzed. These data improve the exclusion limits derived from all the other ionization germanium detectors in the mass region from 20 to 200 GeV, where a WIMP supposedly responsible for the annual modulation effect reported by the DAMA experiment would be located. The new IGEX exclusion contour enters, by the first time, the DAMA region by using only raw data, with no background discrimination, and excludes its upper left part. It is also shown that with a moderate improvement of the detector performances, the DAMA region could be fully explored. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BETA decay
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
N1  - Accession Number: 7782254; Morales, A. 1; Email Address: amorales@posta.unizar.es Aalseth, C.E. 2 Avignone III, F.T. 2 Brodzinski, R.L. 3 Cebrián, S. 1 Garcıa, E. 1 Irastorza, I.G. 1 Kirpichnikov, I.V. 4 Klimenko, A.A. 5 Miley, H.S. 3 Morales, J. 1 Ortiz de Solórzano, A. 1 Osetrov, S.B. 5 Pogosov, V.S. 6 Puimedón, J. 1 Reeves, J.H. 3 Sarsa, M.L. 1 Smolnikov, A.A. 5 Tamanyan, A.G. 6 Vasenko, A.A. 5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Nuclear and High Energy Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain  2: University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117 259 Moscow, Russia  5: Institute for Nuclear Research, Baksan Neutrino Observatory, 361 609 Neutrino, Russia  6: Yerevan Physical Institute, 375 036 Yerevan, Armenia; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p8; Subject Term: BETA decay; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
T1  - Unification of weak and hypercharge interactions at the TeV scale
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/04/18/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A realistic <f>SU(3)C×SU(3)W</f> unified theory is constructed with a TeV sized extra dimension compactified on the orbifold <f>S1/Z2</f>, leaving only the standard model gauge group <f>SU(3)C×SU(2)L×U(1)Y</f> unbroken in the low energy 4D theory. The Higgs doublets are zero modes of bulk <f>SU(3)W</f> triplets and serve to normalize the hypercharge generator, apparently giving a tree-level prediction for the weak mixing angle: <f>sin2θ=1/4</f>. The orbifold boundary conditions imply a restricted set of <f>SU(3)W</f> gauge transformations: at an orbifold fixed point only the transformations of <f>SU(2)L×U(1)Y</f> are operative. This allows quarks to be located at this fixed point, overcoming the longstanding problem of how to incorporate matter in a unified <f>SU(3)W</f> theory. However, in general this local, explicit breaking of <f>SU(3)W</f> symmetry, necessary for including quarks into the theory, destroys the tree-level prediction for the weak mixing angle. This apparent contradiction is reconciled by making the volume of the extra dimension large, diluting the effects of the local <f>SU(3)W</f> violation. In the case that the electroweak theory is strongly coupled at the cutoff scale of the effective theory, radiative corrections to the weak mixing angle can be reliably computed, and used to predict the scale of compactification: 1–2 TeV without supersymmetry, and in the region of 3–6 TeV for a supersymmetric theory. The experimental signature of electroweak unification into <f>SU(3)W</f> is a set of “weak partners” of mass <f>1/2R</f>, which are all electrically charged and are expected to be accessible at LHC. These include weak doublets of gauge particles of electric charge <f>(++,+)</f>, and a charged scalar. When pair produced, they yield events containing multiple charged leptons, missing large transverse energy and possibly Higgs and electroweak gauge bosons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GAUGE field theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7782267; Hall, Lawrence J. 1 Nomura, Yasunori 2; Email Address: yasunori@thsrv.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p111; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Y.D.
AU  - Lin Peng, R.
AU  - Wang, X.-L.
AU  - McGreevy, R.L.
T1  - Grain-orientation-dependent residual stress and the effect of annealing in cold-rolled stainless steel
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/04/19/
VL  - 50
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1717
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Cold rolling leads to a residual stress that is dependent not only on the specimen directions but also on the orientation of the grain. Neutron diffraction was used to investigate residual stresses and the effect of annealing in cold-rolled stainless steel, a two-phase material consisting of 62 vol% austenite and the rest deformation-induced martensite. The specimens were prepared by cold rolling of AISI 301 stainless steel with 48% reduction. The grain-orientation-dependent residual stress, or inter-granular stress, was determined by constructing the stress orientation distribution function, a recently developed concept, from the residual strains measured along various crystallographic directions. For the cold-rolled sample, a strong grain orientation anisotropy was observed for residual stresses in both phases. Detailed analysis of the experimental stress and texture data indicates that the observed orientation anisotropy was caused by the selective phase transformation that occurred during cold rolling. Annealing at 500°C leads to recovery, which significantly reduces the orientation anisotropy of the residual stress. The experimental data show that the recovery dynamics in the austenite and martensite phases are quite different. It appears that the overall recovery behavior in this two-phase material is driven by the martensite phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Stainless steels
KW  - Stress
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 7774489; Wang, Y.D. 1,2; Email Address: wangy@ornl.gov Lin Peng, R. 1,3 Wang, X.-L. 2 McGreevy, R.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Studsvik Neutron Research Laboratory (NFL), Uppsala University, S-61182 Nyköping, Sweden  2: Spallation Neutron Source Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 50 Issue 7, p1717; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, P.
AU  - Hartley, J.H.
AU  - Howell, R.H.
AU  - Sterne, P.A.
AU  - Akers, D.
AU  - Shah, V.
AU  - Denison, A.
T1  - Direct observation of carbon-decorated defects in fatigued type 304 stainless steel using positron annihilation spectroscopy
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/04/19/
VL  - 50
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1761
SN  - 13596454
AB  - We have directly observed carbon decoration of defects in fatigued 304 stainless steel using positron annihilation spectroscopy. The formation and evolution of defects during fatigue was determined by positron annihilation lifetimes and electron momentum distributions in a series of samples. We find an initial rapid change in the defect concentrations that saturates around 10% of the cycles to failure into two distinct open-volume defect populations that both trap the positrons. Analysis of the momentum distributions of atomically bound electrons demonstrates that one of the defects has high levels of carbon decoration. Electron momentum distributions also show evolution in the carbon decoration of the defects with increasing fatigue all the way to failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - Defects
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Positron annihilation
KW  - Steel
N1  - Accession Number: 7774493; Asoka-Kumar, P. 1; Email Address: asoka@llnl.gov Hartley, J.H. 1 Howell, R.H. 1 Sterne, P.A. 1 Akers, D. 2 Shah, V. 2 Denison, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Bechtel BWXT Idaho, LLC, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2214, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 50 Issue 7, p1761; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron annihilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harvey, S.D.
AU  - Nelson, D.A.
AU  - Wright, B.W.
AU  - Grate, J.W.
T1  - Selective stationary phase for solid-phase microextraction analysis of sarin (GB)
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2002/04/19/
VL  - 954
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 00219673
AB  - A number of critical field applications require monitoring air samples for trace levels of chemical warfare agents. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a convenient format to conduct these analyses. Measurements could be significantly improved if a SPME phase selective for nerve agents were substituted for non-selective polymers typically used (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane). This paper evaluates a novel stationary phase, previously developed for methylphosphonate sensor applications, for use with SPME sampling. The phenol-based polymer, BSP3, was found to offer far higher selectivity toward sarin (GB) than polydimethylsiloxane due to a pronounced affinity toward the target analyte and a lower affinity toward hydrocarbons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sarin
KW  - Chemical warfare agents
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Organophosphorus compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 8564159; Harvey, S.D.; Email Address: scott.harvey@pnl.gov; Nelson, D.A. 1; Wright, B.W. 1; Grate, J.W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999/MSIN P7-07, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Apr2002, Vol. 954 Issue 1/2, p217; Thesaurus Term: Sarin; Subject Term: Chemical warfare agents; Subject Term: Polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organophosphorus compounds; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Derewenda, U.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Derewenda, Z.
AU  - Dauter, Z.
AU  - Mueller, G.A.
AU  - Rule, G.S.
AU  - Benjamin, D.C.
T1  - The Crystal Structure of a Major Dust Mite Allergen Der p 2, and its Biological Implications
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/04/19/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The crystal structure of the common house mite (Dermatophagoides sp.) Der p 2 allergen was solved at 2.15 A˚ resolution using the MAD phasing technique, and refined to an R-factor of 0.209. The refined atomic model, which reveals an immunoglobulin-like tertiary fold, differs in important ways from the previously described NMR structure, because the two β-sheets are significantly further apart and create an internal cavity, which is occupied by a hydrophobic ligand. This interaction is structurally reminiscent of the binding of a prenyl group by a regulatory protein, the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange inhibitor. The crystal structure suggests that binding of non-polar molecules may be essential to the physiological function of the Der p 2 protein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLERGENS
KW  - OVERHAUSER effect (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Der p 2, major group 2 allergen from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
KW  - MAD, multiwavelength anomalous diffraction
KW  - NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect
KW  - PEG, polyethylene glycol
KW  - rDer p 2, recombinant Der p 2
N1  - Accession Number: 8496821; Derewenda, U. 1; Email Address: ud3a@virginia.edu Li, J. 1 Derewenda, Z. 1 Dauter, Z. 2 Mueller, G.A. 3,4 Rule, G.S. 5 Benjamin, D.C. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA  4: The Asthma and Allergic Disease Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA  5: Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 318 Issue 1, p189; Subject Term: ALLERGENS; Subject Term: OVERHAUSER effect (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Der p 2, major group 2 allergen from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAD, multiwavelength anomalous diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEG, polyethylene glycol; Author-Supplied Keyword: rDer p 2, recombinant Der p 2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, McMahan L.
AU  - Champagne, Kenneth J.
AU  - Soong, Yee
AU  - Killmeyer, Richard P.
AU  - Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes
AU  - Andrésen, John M.
AU  - Ciocco, Michael V.
AU  - Zandhuis, Paul H.
T1  - Physical cleaning of high carbon fly ash
JO  - Fuel Processing Technology
JF  - Fuel Processing Technology
Y1  - 2002/04/20/
VL  - 76
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 03783820
AB  - An industrial fly ash sample was cleaned by three different processes, which were triboelectrostatic separation, ultrasonic column agglomeration, and column flotation. The unburned carbon concentrates were collected at purities ranging up to 62% at recoveries of 62%. In addition, optical microscopy studies were conducted on the final carbon concentrates to determine the carbon forms (inertinite, isotropic coke and anisotropic coke) collected from these various physical-cleaning processes. The effects of the various cleaning processes on the production of different carbon forms from high carbon fly ashes will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLY ash
KW  - CLEANING
KW  - ELECTROSTATIC separators
KW  - Agglomeration
KW  - Combustion by-products
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Unburned carbon
N1  - Accession Number: 7806789; Gray, McMahan L. 1; Email Address: gray@netl.doe.gov Champagne, Kenneth J. 1 Soong, Yee 1 Killmeyer, Richard P. 1 Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes 2 Andrésen, John M. 2 Ciocco, Michael V. 3 Zandhuis, Paul H. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Cochran Mills Roads, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  2: The Energy Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, 405 Academic Activities Building, University Park, PA, 16802-2308, USA  3: Parson Project Services Inc, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 618, Library, PA 15129, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 76 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: FLY ash; Subject Term: CLEANING; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATIC separators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Agglomeration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion by-products; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fly ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unburned carbon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561720 Janitorial Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, S.S.
AU  - Jow, T.R.
AU  - Amine, K.
AU  - Henriksen, G.L.
T1  - LiPF6–EC–EMC electrolyte for Li-ion battery
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/04/20/
VL  - 107
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
SN  - 03787753
AB  - We studied the effect of salt concentration and solvent ratio on the cycling performance of LiMn2O4 cathode and graphite anode in LiPF6–ethylene carbonate (EC)–ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) electrolytes. The results show that solvent ratio has negligible impact on the performance of both electrodes but does affect the issues of thermal compatibility and ionic conductivity. Salt concentration affects the performance in two reverse ways: LiMn2O4 cathode requires low concentration, while graphite anode requires high concentration. It is observed that, during the first cycle, both electrodes produce irreversible capacity and form a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film on their surface. From the view point of operation at low temperatures, 1 M LiPF6 3:7 EC–EMC is recommended for Li-ion cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - SPINEL
KW  - Electrolyte
KW  - Graphite
KW  - Li-ion battery
KW  - SEI film
KW  - Spinel LiMn2O4
N1  - Accession Number: 7778602; Zhang, S.S. 1; Email Address: szhang@mail.com Jow, T.R. 1 Amine, K. 2 Henriksen, G.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 107 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: SPINEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEI film; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spinel LiMn2O4; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dulub, Olga
AU  - Boatner, Lynn A.
AU  - Diebold, Ulrike
T1  - STM study of Cu growth on the ZnO(<f>1 0 1¯ 0</f>) surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/04/20/
VL  - 504
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The room temperature growth of Cu islands on the non-polar (1 0 <f>1¯</f> 0) surface of zinc oxide was studied using scanning tunneling microscopy. Images of the clean (1 0 <f>1¯</f> 0) surface prepared by sputtering and annealing at 550–700 <f>°</f>C exhibit flat terraces with a high density of steps, mostly running along [0 0 0 1] and [1 <f>2¯</f> 1 0] directions. For Cu coverages of 0.025–1 ML deposited on flat, freshly annealed surfaces, preferential nucleation occurs at the step edges oriented perpendicular to the [1 <f>2¯</f> 1 0] atomic row direction. Exclusively three-dimensional (3D) islands have been observed at all coverages. For comparison, the same Cu coverages were deposited onto the surface contaminated by adsorption from the residual gas in the ultrahigh vacuum chamber. Both 2D and 3D islands, randomly distributed across the terraces, were observed reproducibly on such slightly contaminated surfaces. The density of the islands, as well as their average diameter and height, increases with increasing Cu coverage for both surface preparations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - Adsorption kinetics
KW  - Copper
KW  - Diffusion and migration
KW  - Growth
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface defects
KW  - Zinc oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 7782125; Dulub, Olga 1 Boatner, Lynn A. 2 Diebold, Ulrike 1; Email Address: diebold@tulane.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 504 Issue 1-3, p271; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion and migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zinc oxide; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ismail
AU  - Chandravakar, S.
AU  - Zehner, D.M.
T1  - Multilayer relaxation of the Cu(2 1 0) surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/04/20/
VL  - 504
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - L201
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) <f>I–V</f> has been utilized to determine the surface structure of Cu(2 1 0). The surface structure is found to exhibit multilayer relaxation following the trend <f>− − +</f> (<f>−</f> is contraction and <f>+</f> is expansion in the interlayer spacing). The magnitude of interplanar relaxation is found to be damped, where <f>|Δd12|>|Δd23|>|Δd34|</f>, etc. This kind of behavior is quite different from that observed on Al(2 1 0) [Phys. Rev. B 38 (1988) 7913], where the magnitude of interplanar relaxation in the third interlayer is larger than that in the second interlayer (i.e., <f>|Δd23|<|Δd34|</f>). The difference of damped multilayer relaxation behavior of Cu(2 1 0) and Al(2 1 0) could be related to a charge density oscillation perpendicular to the surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - LOW energy electron diffraction
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Copper
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 7782096; Ismail 1,2; Email Address: ismail@solid.ssd.ornl.gov Chandravakar, S. 2 Zehner, D.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6057, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 504 Issue 1-3, pL201; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: LOW energy electron diffraction; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shield, J.E.
AU  - Kappes, B.B.
AU  - Branagan, D.J.
AU  - Bentley, J.
T1  - Chemical partitioning during crystallization and its effect on the microstructure and magnetic behavior of modified Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/04/21/
VL  - 246
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 03048853
AB  - In this paper, the effect of alloy composition on the microstructural development of devitrified Nd–Fe–B-based alloys is investigated. While crystallization of simple ternary Nd2Fe14B resulted in a highly variable microstructure and relatively poor demagnetization behavior, alloying additions, notably Ti and C, were found to significantly refine and homogenize the crystallized microstructure. High spatial resolution energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed that partitioning to the grain boundaries led to the grain refinement by slowing interface kinetics. The more homogeneous grain structure resulted in improved demagnetization behavior, but segregating elements isolated grains and limited intergranular exchange coupling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - Alloying
KW  - Exchange interactions
KW  - Microstructural evolution
KW  - Permanent magnets
KW  - Segregation
N1  - Accession Number: 7807945; Shield, J.E. 1; Email Address: jshield2@unl.edu Kappes, B.B. 2 Branagan, D.J. 3 Bentley, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 0656, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  3: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA  4: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 246 Issue 1/2, p73; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructural evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permanent magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segregation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gornakov, V.S.
AU  - Nikitenko, V.I.
AU  - Shapiro, A.J.
AU  - Shull, R.D.
AU  - Jiang, J. Samuel
AU  - Bader, S.D.
T1  - Direct experimental study of the exchange spring formation process
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/04/21/
VL  - 246
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The remagnetization of a soft ferromagnetic film exchange coupled with a high-coercivity ferromagnetic film is studied by a magneto-optic imaging technique. If the magnetic field is antiparallel to the macroscopic unidirectional in-plane anisotropy, the soft layer reverses via the formation of exchange springs consisting of subdomains with opposite spin twistings. However, if the field is instead rotated in-plane, remagnetization initially proceeds via formation of a single uniform exchange spring. Then, at a critical angle, the spring incoherently untwists, leading again to subdomains with opposite chirality. These phenomena are attributed to the influence of inhomogeneity in the unidirectional magnetic anisotropy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETOOPTICS
KW  - Domain walls
KW  - Exchange spring
KW  - Ferromagnetism
N1  - Accession Number: 7807946; Gornakov, V.S. 1 Nikitenko, V.I. 1 Shapiro, A.J. 2 Shull, R.D. 2; Email Address: shull@nist.gov Jiang, J. Samuel 3 Bader, S.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia  2: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 8525, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 8525, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 246 Issue 1/2, p80; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETOOPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Domain walls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange spring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetism; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, S.A.
AU  - Farrow, R.F.C.
AU  - Maat, S.
AU  - Toney, M.F.
AU  - Folks, L.
AU  - Catalano, J.G.
AU  - Trainor, T.P.
AU  - Brown Jr., G.E.
T1  - Molecular beam epitaxial growth and properties of CoFe2O4 on MgO(0 0 1)
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/04/21/
VL  - 246
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We have grown single-crystal Co ferrite (CoFe2O4) on MgO(0 0 1) by oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (OPA-MBE), and have characterized the composition, structure, surface morphology, and magnetic properties by a number of methods. The as-grown OPA-MBE material forms a perfect inverse spinel, in which all Co is in the 2+ formal oxidation state, and occupies octahedral sites within the cation sublattice. The OPA-MBE film surfaces are very flat, with mean roughnesses of only a few A˚, and exhibit large, stable magnetic domains. The measured moment per unit volume is 250 emu/cm3, and the saturation magnetization for films in the 1000 A˚ film thickness range is ∼60% of that of bulk Co ferrite. The material also exhibits strain-dependent magnetic anisotropy that can be understood by considering the various contributions to the total magnetic energy. The overall quality of epitaxial Co ferrite grown on MgO by OPA-MBE is superior in every respect to that obtained using pulsed laser deposition as the growth method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - COBALT compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - Cobalt ferrite
KW  - Magnetic and structural properties
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy
N1  - Accession Number: 7807952; Chambers, S.A. 1; Email Address: sa-chambers@pnl.gov Farrow, R.F.C. 2 Maat, S. 2 Toney, M.F. 2 Folks, L. 2 Catalano, J.G. 3 Trainor, T.P. 3 Brown Jr., G.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  2: IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA  3: Department of Environmental and Geological Sciences and Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 246 Issue 1/2, p124; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: COBALT compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic and structural properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuszewski, M.G.
AU  - Cayton, T.E.
AU  - Ingraham, J.C.
T1  - A new numerical technique to design satellite energetic electron detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04/21/
VL  - 482
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Energetic charged particles trapped in the magnetosphere are routinely detected by satellite instruments. However, it is generally difficult to extract quantitative energy and angular information from such measurements because the interaction of energetic electrons with matter is rather complex. Beam calibrations and Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations are often used to evaluate a flight instrument once it is built. However, rules of thumb and past experience are common tools to design the instrument in the first place. Hence, we have developed a simple numerical procedure, based on analytical probabilities, suitable for instrumental design and evaluation. In addition to the geometrical response, the contributions of surface backscattering, edge penetration, and bremsstrahlung radiation are estimated. The new results are benchmarked against MC calculations for a simple test case. Complicated effects, such as the contribution of the satellite to the instrumental response, can be estimated with the new formalism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Electron detector
KW  - Numerical technique
N1  - Accession Number: 7782188; Tuszewski, M.G.; Email Address: mgtu@lanl.gov Cayton, T.E. 1 Ingraham, J.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group NIS-2, MS D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 482 Issue 3, p653; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical technique; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Orlov, Yuri
AU  - Ozben, Cenap S.
AU  - Semertzidis, Yannis K.
T1  - Muon revolution frequency distribution from a partial-time Fourier transform of the g-2 signal in the muon g-2 experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/04/21/
VL  - 482
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new method of precise measurement of the revolution frequency distribution, <f>F(f),</f> in the muon storage ring, and hence muon momentum <f>p</f>, energy <f>E,</f> and equilibrium radius <f>R</f> distributions, has been developed and used in analyzing data in the muon g-2 experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The method is partly based on the Fourier transform of the observed electron decay signal, which is known in this experiment only after some time <f>ts</f> after injection. It is shown that the standard Fourier transform would give a wrong frequency distribution even if the signal were known immediately after injection. Only the cosine Fourier transform with the properly determined initial time <f>t0</f> (different for different detectors placed along the orbit) gives the correct frequency distribution in such a case. As for a later starting time, <f>ts>t0</f>, a special procedure must be used to find <f>t0</f> and to compensate for the lack of information about the signal between <f>t0</f> and <f>ts</f>. The new technique is highly accurate and radically different from that used by CERN in its muon g-2 experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - MOMENTUM distributions
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Fourier
KW  - Momentum distribution
KW  - Storage ring
N1  - Accession Number: 7782199; Orlov, Yuri 1; Email Address: orlov@mail.lns.cornell.edu Ozben, Cenap S. 2 Semertzidis, Yannis K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5001, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 482 Issue 3, p767; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: MOMENTUM distributions; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Momentum distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage ring; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grossman, Jeffrey C.
AU  - Colvin, Michael E.
AU  - Tran, Ngoc L.
AU  - Louie, Steven G.
AU  - Cohen, Marvin L.
T1  - Aromaticity and hydrogenation patterns in highly strained fullerenes
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 356
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Gradient corrected density functional theory is applied to evaluate the structure and energetics of hydrogenation patterns in the <f>C36</f> molecule and its component fragments. Overall strain and resonance energies for these compounds are determined using homodesmotic reactions that connect <f>C36</f> and its constituent chemical components to simpler non-aromatic, unstrained compounds. Our calculations indicate that the dramatic difference in energetic stability between two similar solid <f>C36</f> structures is due to the number of disrupted aromatic rings rather than to differential strain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - HYDROGENATION
N1  - Accession Number: 7793183; Grossman, Jeffrey C. 1; Email Address: grossman3@llnl.gov Colvin, Michael E. 2 Tran, Ngoc L. 2 Louie, Steven G. 3 Cohen, Marvin L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Directorate, Mailstop L-415, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Computational Biochemistry Group, Mailstop L-448, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 356 Issue 3/4, p247; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davids, B.
AU  - Anthony, D.W.
AU  - Aumann, T.
AU  - Austin, Sam M.
AU  - Baumann, T.
AU  - Bazin, D.
AU  - Clement, R.R.C.
AU  - Lofy, P.A.
AU  - Nakamura, T.
AU  - Sherrill, B.M.
AU  - Yurkon, J.
AU  - Davids, C.N.
AU  - Esbensen, H.
T1  - A kinematically complete measurement of the Coulomb dissociation of 8B
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We present preliminary results of a kinematically complete measurement of the Coulomb dissociation of 83 MeV<f>/</f>u 8B on a Pb target. A dipole magnet separated the unreacted beam from the breakup fragments. We measured the Coulomb dissociation cross section at low relative energies in order to extract the astrophysical <f>S</f> factor for the 7Be(p,<f> γ</f>)8B reaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COULOMB functions
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
N1  - Accession Number: 8800324; Davids, B. 1; Email Address: davids@kvi.nl Anthony, D.W. 1 Aumann, T. 1 Austin, Sam M. 1 Baumann, T. 1 Bazin, D. 1 Clement, R.R.C. 1 Lofy, P.A. 1 Nakamura, T. 1 Sherrill, B.M. 1 Yurkon, J. 1 Davids, C.N. 2 Esbensen, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1321, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 701 Issue 1-4, p14; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grunder, Hermann A.
T1  - Radioactive nuclear beam facilities in north America: Status and outlook
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Seven existing north American radioactive nuclear beam (RNB) facilities provide nuclear physics research opportunities. The US Rare-Isotope Accelerator (RIA) initiative promises enormously widened opportunities for the region via a highly flexible next-generation RNB facility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 8800330; Grunder, Hermann A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 701 Issue 1-4, p43; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nazarewicz, W.
AU  - Bender, M.
AU  - Ćwiok, S.
AU  - Heenen, P.H.
AU  - Kruppa, A.T.
AU  - Reinhard, P.-G.
AU  - Vertse, T.
T1  - Theoretical description of superheavy nuclei
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The theory of the superheavy elements is reviewed with the main focus on nuclear structure aspects. The structure of the odd-<f>N</f> superheavy elements is investigated using a variety of self-consistent approaches. Microscopic shell corrections, extracted from Skyrme–Hartree–Fock and relativistic mean-field calculations, elucidate the question of the centre-of-shell-stability in the superheavy region. Finally, the existence of exotic configurations, having gross non-uniformities of nucleonic density, expected to occur in nuclei with very large atomic numbers, is addressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERHEAVY elements
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 8800352; Nazarewicz, W. 1,2,3; Email Address: witek-nazarewicz@utk.edu Bender, M. 1,2,4 Ćwiok, S. 5,6 Heenen, P.H. 7 Kruppa, A.T. 6,8 Reinhard, P.-G. 6,9 Vertse, T. 6,8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoża 69, PL-00681, Warsaw, Poland  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA  5: Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, PL-00662, Warsaw, Poland  6: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  7: Service de Physique Nucléaire Théorique, ULB, CP 229, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium  8: Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4001 Debrecen, Pf. 51, Hungary  9: Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Universität Erlangen, Staudtstr. 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 701 Issue 1-4, p165; Subject Term: SUPERHEAVY elements; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
AU  - Caggiano, J.
AU  - Greene, J.P.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Maier, M.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Zabransky, B.J.
T1  - ISOL beams from fragmentation: the best of both worlds
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
SN  - 03759474
AB  - A new method, based on in-flight fragment separation, stopping of the fragments as singly-charged ions in a large helium gas cell, and fast extraction, allows for a breakthrough in capabilities for the production of a broad range of radioactive beams. The scheme combines the intrinsic advantages of in-flight fragmentation, short delay times and universality, with those of the ISOL concept, high-quality beams of precise energy. A key component of this approach is the large stopping gas cell which utilizes DC and RF electric fields to quickly guide the radioactive ions to the exit of the cell. A prototype for this cell has been successfully built and tested at Argonne. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - GASES
KW  - Gas stopping
KW  - ISOL
KW  - Radioactive beams
N1  - Accession Number: 8800377; Savard, G.; Email Address: savard@anlphy.phy.anl.gov Schwartz, J. 1 Caggiano, J. 1 Greene, J.P. 1 Heinz, A. 1 Maier, M. 1 Seweryniak, D. 1 Zabransky, B.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Physics Division, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 701 Issue 1-4, p292; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: GASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas stopping; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Talbert, W.L.
AU  - Drake, D.M.
AU  - Wilson, M.T.
AU  - Lenz, J.W.
AU  - Hsu, H.-H.
T1  - Conductive cooling of high-power RIB targets
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 03759474
AB  - A short review is presented of target cooling approaches suggested for targets irradiated by intense high-energy proton beams to produce radioactive species for use in a broad range of physics studies. This work reports on conductive cooling approaches for operation at temperatures lower than effective for radiative cooling. The possibilities for conductive cooling are discussed, and a prototype test target is described. This target was constructed for an experiment, designed to validate the numerical analysis approaches, at the TRIUMF/ISAC facility. Fabrication issues and the results of the experiment are presented, followed by a discussion of the implications of the experiment outcome for future development of targets to produce intense beams of radioactive ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 8800379; Talbert, W.L. 1; Email Address: willtalb@aol.com Drake, D.M. 1 Wilson, M.T. 1 Lenz, J.W. 2 Hsu, H.-H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Amparo Corporation, PO Box 2687, Santa Fe, NM 87504, USA  2: John Lenz and Associates, Waxahachie, TX 75165, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 701 Issue 1-4, p303; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
AU  - Reed, C.B.
AU  - Hassanein, A.
AU  - Gomes, I.C.
T1  - Liquid-lithium cooling for 100-kW ISOL and fragmentation targets
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 312
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Advanced exotic beam facilities that are currently being developed will use powerful driver accelerators for the production of short-lived rare isotopes. Multi-beam drivers capable of producing high power beams from very light to very heavy ions are now technically feasible. A challenge for such facilities is the development of production targets to be used for a variety of reaction mechanisms with beam powers of about 100 kW. This paper presents engineering concepts that have been developed recently for using liquid lithium coolant for two types of targets, one for use with light-ion beams on high atomic number <f>(Z)</f> targets and the other for heavy-ion beams on low-<f>Z</f> targets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - NUCLEAR fragmentation
KW  - Exotic beams
KW  - Fragmentation
KW  - High power
KW  - ISOL
KW  - Liquid lithium
KW  - Liquid metal
KW  - Radioactive beams
KW  - Targets
N1  - Accession Number: 8800380; Nolen, J.A. 1; Email Address: nolen@anl.gov Reed, C.B. 2 Hassanein, A. 3 Gomes, I.C. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Technology Development Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 701 Issue 1-4, p312; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exotic beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: High power; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Targets; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pieper, Steven C.
T1  - Quantum Monte Carlo for light nuclei
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 357
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Quantum Monte Carlo calculations using realistic two- and three-nucleon interactions are presented for nuclei with up to nine nucleons. Our Greens function Monte Carlo calculations are accurate to <f>∼1</f>% for the binding energy. We have constructed Hamiltonians using the Argonne <f>v18</f> NN interaction and reasonable three-nucleon interactions that reproduce the energies of these nuclear states with only <f>∼500</f> keV rms error. Other predictions, such as form factors, decay rates, and spectroscopic factors also agree well with data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - GFMC
KW  - Quantum Monte Carlo
N1  - Accession Number: 8800386; Pieper, Steven C. 1; Email Address: spieper@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 701 Issue 1-4, p357; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: GFMC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum Monte Carlo; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welton, Robert F.
T1  - The development of the 17F beam at the Holifield radioactive ion beam facility
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/04/22/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 452
SN  - 03759474
AB  - This report details some of the key technological developments employed at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) to produce beams of 17F using the 16O(d, n)17F reaction. The oxide fiber target material used at the HRIBF is described and a comparison is made between the 17F yield achieved using light (Al) and heavy (Hf) metal oxide fibers. The development of the Kinetic Ejection Negative Ion Source (KENIS) employed in this work is also discussed along with the operational principles of the source. Finally, a detailed description of the HfO2 target configuration used to produce <f>107</f>–<f>108</f> 17F ions<f>/</f>s for over 850 hours of operation is provided. To date, seven nuclear physics experiments using accelerated beams of 17F and 18F produced using this apparatus have been performed over an energy range of 10–170 MeV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - 26.30.+k
N1  - Accession Number: 8800402; Welton, Robert F. 1; Email Address: welton@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 701 Issue 1-4, p452; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: 26.30.+k; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albright, Carl H.
AU  - Geer, S.
T1  - Comparison of LMA and LOW solar solution predictions in an <f>SO(10)</f> GUT model
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/04/25/
VL  - 532
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Within the framework of an <f>SO(10)</f> GUT model that can accommodate both the LMA and LOW solar neutrino mixing solutions by appropriate choice of the right-handed Majorana matrix elements, we present explicit predictions for the neutrino oscillation parameters <f>Δm221</f>, <f>sin22θ12</f>, <f>sin22θ23</f>, <f>sin22θ13</f>, and <f>δCP</f>. Given the observed near maximality of the atmospheric mixing, the model favors the LMA solution and predicts that <f>δCP</f> is small. The suitability of Neutrino Superbeams and Neutrino Factories for precision tests of the two model versions is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - LMA and LOW solutions
KW  - Neutrino factory
KW  - Superbeams
N1  - Accession Number: 7793140; Albright, Carl H. 1,2; Email Address: albright@fnal.gov Geer, S. 2; Email Address: sgeer@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 532 Issue 3/4, p311; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Author-Supplied Keyword: LMA and LOW solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superbeams; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKeown, J.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Kung, H.
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Microstructures and strength of nanoscale Cu–Ag multilayers
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/04/25/
VL  - 46
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Cu–Ag multilayers were found to have lower peak hardness than Cu–Ni in spite of lower misfit dislocation spacing that is expected to increase the resistance of interfaces to glide dislocation transmission. This is attributed to misfit dislocation core spreading in the interface plane in Cu–Ag. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILVER
KW  - COPPER
KW  - Cu–Ag
KW  - Metallic multilayers
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Nanostructured metals
KW  - Physical vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 9097265; McKeown, J. Misra, A.; Email Address: amisra@lanl.gov Kung, H. 1 Hoagland, R.G. 1 Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 46 Issue 8, p593; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: COPPER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu–Ag; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructured metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physical vapor deposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Melechko, Anatoli V.
AU  - Merkulov, Vladimir I.
AU  - Lowndes, Douglas H.
AU  - Guillorn, Michael A.
AU  - Simpson, Michael L.
T1  - Transition between `base' and `tip' carbon nanofiber growth modes
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/04/26/
VL  - 356
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been synthesized by catalytically controlled dc glow discharge plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Both base-type and tip-type nanofibers have been produced on identical substrates. We have observed a sharp transition between these two growth modes by controlling the kinetics of the growth process without changing the substrate and catalyst materials. This transition is brought about by changing the parameters used in the deposition process such as the flow ratio of the carbonaceous and etchant gasses and others. This study of the initial growth stages as a function of time for both regimes provides a basis for a model of the growth mode transition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - ETCHING reagents
N1  - Accession Number: 7797523; Melechko, Anatoli V. 1,2; Email Address: acm@ornl.gov Merkulov, Vladimir I. 1 Lowndes, Douglas H. 3 Guillorn, Michael A. 3 Simpson, Michael L. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies (MENT) Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6006, USA  2: Center of Environmental Biotechnology (CEB), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Thin Film and Nanostructured Materials Physics (TFNMP) Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DECE), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 356 Issue 5/6, p527; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: ETCHING reagents; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerasimov, M.R.
AU  - Ferrieri, R.A.
AU  - Schiffer, W.K.
AU  - Logan, J.
AU  - Gatley, S.J.
AU  - Gifford, A.N.
AU  - Alexoff, D.A.
AU  - Marsteller, D.A.
AU  - Shea, C.
AU  - Garza, V.
AU  - Carter, P.
AU  - King, P.
AU  - Ashby Jr., C.R.
AU  - Vitkun, S.
AU  - Dewey, S.L.
T1  - Study of brain uptake and biodistribution of [11C]toluene in non-human primates and mice
JO  - Life Sciences
JF  - Life Sciences
Y1  - 2002/04/26/
VL  - 70
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 2811
SN  - 00243205
AB  - Inhalant abuse is a rapidly growing health problem particularly among adolescents. Yet we know little about the neural mechanisms underlying the abuse liability of inhalants, particularly when compared to other addictive drugs. Specifically, our understanding of the relationship between the regional brain pharmacokinetics and features classically associated with drug reinforcement is lacking. Under the hypothesis that the abuse liability of toluene can be related to its pharmacokinetic properties and the pattern of regional brain uptake, we developed the methodology for radiolabeling and purifying [11C]toluene for use in PET studies. Here we report the regional brain distribution and kinetics of the widely abused solvent toluene in non-human primates and the whole body biodistribution in mice.To our knowledge, this is the first reported study of the in vivo brain pharmacokinetics of labeled toluene in non-human primates. Rapid uptake of radioactivity into striatal and frontal regions was followed by rapid clearance from the brain. Concurrent findings in rodents indicate similar radiotracer kinetics, with excretion through kidneys and liver. Taken together, our data provides insight into pharmacokinetic features possibly associated with the abuse liability of toluene. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Life Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRUG abuse
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - Biodistribution
KW  - Drug abuse
KW  - Inhalants
KW  - PET
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Primates
N1  - Accession Number: 7783229; Gerasimov, M.R. 1; Email Address: madina@bnl.gov Ferrieri, R.A. 1 Schiffer, W.K. 1 Logan, J. 1 Gatley, S.J. 1 Gifford, A.N. 1 Alexoff, D.A. 1 Marsteller, D.A. 1 Shea, C. 1 Garza, V. 1 Carter, P. 1 King, P. 1 Ashby Jr., C.R. 2 Vitkun, S. 3 Dewey, S.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  2: Department of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA  3: Anesthesiology Department, SUNY Stony Brook, New York 11956, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 70 Issue 23, p2811; Subject Term: DRUG abuse; Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biodistribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drug abuse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhalants; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pharmacokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Primates; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasegawa, T.
AU  - Kageyama, T.
AU  - Fukumura, T.
AU  - Okazaki, N.
AU  - Kawasaki, M.
AU  - Koinuma, H.
AU  - Yoo, Y.K.
AU  - Duewer, F.
AU  - Xiang, X.-D.
T1  - High-throughput characterization of composition-spread manganese oxide films with a scanning SQUID microscope
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/04/28/
VL  - 189
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 210
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We have performed high-throughput characterization of composition-spread <F>La1−xCaxMnO3</F> (LCMO) and <F>Nd1−xSrxMnO3</F> (NSMO) films, fabricated by the precursor technique, with a scanning SQUID microscope (SSM). In both films, SSM successfully observed spatial variation of magnetic field, corresponding to magnetic phase transitions with respect to chemical composition. The obtained magnetic phase diagrams basically reproduced those reported in bulk materials. However, several distinctive differences have also been noted. For instance, the region identified as a charge ordered insulator in LCMO revealed intense field, suggesting the occurrence of phase separation into ferromagnetic and non-magnetic states. These results confirm that SSM possesses sufficient analytical performance for high-throughput characterization of combinatorial magnetic libraries in composition spread form. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANESE oxides
KW  - THIN films
KW  - COMBINATORIAL analysis
KW  - Combinatorial technique
KW  - Magnetic phase diagram
KW  - Manganese oxide
KW  - Scanning SQUID microscope
KW  - Thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 8801285; Hasegawa, T. 1,2; Email Address: t.hasegawa@rlem.titech.ac.jp Kageyama, T. 1 Fukumura, T. 3 Okazaki, N. 2 Kawasaki, M. 2,3 Koinuma, H. 1,2 Yoo, Y.K. 4 Duewer, F. 4 Xiang, X.-D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan  2: Combinatorial Materials Exploration and Technology (COMET), Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan  3: Department of Innovative and Engineered Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan  4: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 189 Issue 3/4, p210; Subject Term: MANGANESE oxides; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combinatorial technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning SQUID microscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christen, H.M.
AU  - Silliman, S.D.
AU  - Harshavardhan, K.S.
T1  - Epitaxial superlattices grown by a PLD-based continuous compositional-spread technique
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/04/28/
VL  - 189
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
SN  - 01694332
AB  - A recently introduced continuous compositional-spread (CCS) technique-based on the non-uniformity of the deposition rate typically observed in pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is applied to the growth of epitaxial superlattices. This PLD–CCS method uses rapid (sub-monolayer) sequential deposition of the phase spread’s constituents, whereby a pseudo-binary or pseudo-ternary phase diagram can be deposited without the need for masks or a post-anneal. Consequently, combinatorial materials synthesis can be carried out under optimized film growth conditions (e.g., complex oxides can be grown at high-temperatures). Most importantly, lifting the requirement of a post-anneal to promote interdiffusion and crystallization renders this method applicable to the growth of epitaxial heterostructures. Results are shown for the case of superlattices consisting of a repeated stacking of SrTiO3 and (<F>SrxBa1−x)ZrO3</F> layers, where the parameter x varies continuously across the sample. Because all of these samples are obtained in one single deposition, and because the approach is easily generalized to pseudo-ternary systems, the PLD–CCS method results in significant timesavings for studies of epitaxial superlattices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - COMBINATORIAL chemistry
KW  - Combinatorial materials synthesis
KW  - Continuous compositional-spread
KW  - Epitaxial superlattices
KW  - Perovskite thin films
KW  - Pulsed laser deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 8801286; Christen, H.M. 1,2; Email Address: christenhm@ornl.gov Silliman, S.D. 1,3 Harshavardhan, K.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Neocera Inc., 10000 Virginia Manor Road, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, P.O. Box 2008, Building 3150, M/S 6056, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6056, USA  3: Intel Massachusetts Inc., Hudson, MA 01749, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 189 Issue 3/4, p216; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combinatorial materials synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuous compositional-spread; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxial superlattices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed laser deposition; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Perkins, John
AU  - Branz, Howard M.
AU  - Alleman, Jeff
AU  - Duncan, Chris
AU  - Ginley, David
T1  - Combinatorial synthesis of solid state electronic materials for renewable energy applications
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/04/28/
VL  - 189
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We report on the development of new combinatorial capabilities for both the synthesis of new solid state opto-electronic materials and optimization of existing materials for renewable energy applications especially photovoltaic devices. Some of the important materials for these renewable energy applications include semiconductors (such as for absorber layers), transparent conductors, energy storage materials and more. In this paper, we focus on the application of a combinatorial approach to two specific material areas, transparent conducting oxides and thin film Si. In the former case, libraries are generated by sputtering and in the latter by the hot-wire chemical vapor deposition. The application of a combinatorial approach to these materials areas can greatly accelerate the rate of discovery and optimization of new materials and the optimization of devices. We report on the development of tools for the production and characterization of libraries and on initial important results in both of these areas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMBINATORIAL chemistry
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - Combinatorial synthesis
KW  - HWCVD
KW  - p-Type TCO
KW  - Sputtering
KW  - Thin film Si
N1  - Accession Number: 8801295; Wang, Qi; Email Address: qi_wang@nrel.gov Perkins, John 1 Branz, Howard M. 1 Alleman, Jeff 1 Duncan, Chris 1 Ginley, David 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 189 Issue 3/4, p271; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL chemistry; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combinatorial synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: HWCVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: p-Type TCO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film Si; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorbarenko, S.A.
AU  - Nürnberg, D.
AU  - A.N. Derkachev
AU  - Astakhov, A.S.
AU  - Southon, J.R.
AU  - Kaiser, A.
T1  - Magnetostratigraphy and tephrochronology of the Upper Quaternary sediments in the Okhotsk Sea: implication of terrigenous, volcanogenic and biogenic matter supply
JO  - Marine Geology
JF  - Marine Geology
Y1  - 2002/04/30/
VL  - 183
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 00253227
AB  - Seven lithological units, alternating between horizons enriched in biogenic opal (diatoms) and carbonate (foraminifera) and units composed largely of terrigenous sediment with very low biogenic admixture, were distinguished in a series of Late Quaternary sediment cores from the Sea of Okhotsk. Sediments were characterised using on-board visual description, smear-slides analyses, grain-size composition and magnetic susceptibility (MS) records. Five tephra marker layers, identified as Ko, TR, K2, K3 and K4, were distinguished using petrological, mineralogical and geochemical analyses. Age models were developed by comparing lithological units, tephra stratigraphy and MS records with oxygen isotope curves and with records of biogenic CaCO3, opal content, and sediment grain-size composition in three AMS radiocarbon dated Okhotsk cores. This chronological framework allowed us to investigate climate control over the sedimentation regime and productivity, and to clarify the formation times of the lithological and tephra units.The data show that sediment MS variations in the south-eastern area of the glacial Okhotsk Sea arose primarily from volcanic material input. The sedimentation in all other parts of the sea was mainly controlled by the supply of terrigenous material. The cores show a tight correlation between MS, sediment grain size and climate change in the Okhotsk Sea: coarse sediments with a high MS were accumulated during the cold period-oxygen isotope stages (MIS) 2, 4, 6; fine sediments with a low ice-rafted debris (IRD) content and MS were formed in the warm isotope stages.According to the oxygen isotope stratigraphy and radiocarbon data, the Ko, TR, K2, K3 and K4 tephra were deposited at 7.7, 8.0, 26.0 kyr BP, in MIS 4 about 60–70 kyr ago, and near MIS 5.4, respectively. Comparison of tephra mineralogy, petrology, spatial distributions and ages with the history of Kurile–Kamchatka volcanism allows us to identify likely candidates for the tephra source eruptions. The combined use of MS records, tephrochronology and lithological unit sequences provides a detailed basis for Okhotsk Sea sediment stratigraphy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - PALEOMAGNETISM
KW  - TEPHROCHRONOLOGY
KW  - magnetic susceptibility
KW  - Okhotsk Sea
KW  - sediment
KW  - stratigraphy
KW  - tephra
N1  - Accession Number: 7800066; Gorbarenko, S.A. 1; Email Address: gorbarenko@poi.dvo.ru Nürnberg, D. 2; Email Address: dnuernberg@geomar.de A.N. Derkachev 1 Astakhov, A.S. 1 Southon, J.R. 3; Email Address: southon1@llnl.gov Kaiser, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: V.V. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far-Eastern Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Baltiyskaya Str. 43, Vladivostok 690041, Russia  2: GEOMAR, Research Center for Marine Geosciences, Wischofstr. 1-3, D-24148 Kiel, Germany  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Center for AMS, P.O. Box 808, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 183 Issue 1-4, p107; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: PALEOMAGNETISM; Subject Term: TEPHROCHRONOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Okhotsk Sea; Author-Supplied Keyword: sediment; Author-Supplied Keyword: stratigraphy; Author-Supplied Keyword: tephra; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Disselkamp, R.
AU  - Stroud, A.
AU  - Cavanagh, A.
AU  - Adams, E.M.
AU  - Baer, D.R.
AU  - Barrie, L.A.
AU  - Cliff, S.S.
AU  - Jimenez-Cruz, M.
AU  - Cahill, T.A.
T1  - Development of PIXE, PESA and transmission ion microscopy capability to measure aerosols by size and time
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/04/30/
VL  - 189
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 284
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We describe a new capability that consists of a combination of proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE), proton elastic scattering analysis (PESA) and transmission ion microscopy (all performed at the same location on the sample) techniques to address some of the research needs associated with time series and size-dependent composition of atmospheric aerosols. Simultaneous measurements of PIXE and PESA can be performed on aerosols collected using 3 stage improved rotating DRUM impactor by size (Stage A: 2.5–1.15 <f>μ</f>m; Stage B: 0.34–1.15 <f>μ</f>m; Stage C: 0.07–0.34 <f>μ</f>m) with time resolution set by the rotation rate from 1 mm every 4 h to 1 mm every 6 min on a 16.8 cm long impaction strips that can be coated with Mylar, stretched Teflon, or aluminum, depending on the analysis method chosen. Preliminary measurements carried out using a 1 mm diameter proton beam were made on industrial test samples, yielding promising results at a time resolution of only 6 min. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON-induced X-ray emission
KW  - FIELD ion microscopy
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - Aerosols
KW  - PESA
KW  - PIXE
KW  - Transmission ion microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8800217; Shutthanandan, V. 1; Email Address: shuttha@pnl.gov Thevuthasan, S. 1 Disselkamp, R. 1 Stroud, A. 1 Cavanagh, A. 1 Adams, E.M. 1 Baer, D.R. 1 Barrie, L.A. 1 Cliff, S.S. 2 Jimenez-Cruz, M. 2 Cahill, T.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Apr2002, Vol. 189 Issue 1-4, p284; Subject Term: PROTON-induced X-ray emission; Subject Term: FIELD ion microscopy; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: PESA; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIXE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission ion microscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rockhold, M.L.
AU  - Yarwood, R.R.
AU  - Niemet, M.R.
AU  - Bottomley, P.J.
AU  - Selker, J.S.
T1  - Considerations for modeling bacterial-induced changes in hydraulic properties of variably saturated porous media
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Bacterial-induced changes in the hydraulic properties of porous media are important in a variety of disciplines. Most of the previous research on this topic has focused on liquid-saturated porous media systems that are representative of aquifer sediments. Unsaturated or variably saturated systems such as soils require additional considerations that have not been fully addressed in the literature. This paper reviews some of the earlier studies on bacterial-induced changes in the hydraulic properties of saturated porous media, and discusses characteristics of unsaturated or variably saturated porous media that may be important to consider when modeling such phenomena in these systems. New data are presented from experiments conducted in sand-packed columns with initially steady unsaturated flow conditions that show significant biomass-induced changes in pressure heads and water contents and permeability reduction during growth of a Pseudomonas fluorescens bacterium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOREMEDIATION
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Fluid-media scaling
KW  - Surface tension
KW  - Unsaturated porous media
N1  - Accession Number: 7812144; Rockhold, M.L. 1,2; Email Address: rockhold@engr.orst.edu Yarwood, R.R. 1 Niemet, M.R. 3 Bottomley, P.J. 4 Selker, J.S. 1; Email Address: selkerj@engr.orst.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Bioengineering, Gilmore Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: CH2M Hill, 2300 NW Walnut Blvd., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA  4: Department of Microbiology, Nash Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 25 Issue 5, p477; Subject Term: BIOREMEDIATION; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid-media scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface tension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated porous media; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bench, Graham
AU  - Grant, Patrick G.
AU  - Ueda, Dawn
AU  - Cliff, Steve S.
AU  - Perry, Kevin D.
AU  - Cahill, Thomas A.
T1  - The Use of STIM and PESA to Measure Profiles of Aerosol Mass and Hydrogen Content, Respectively, across Mylar Rotating Drums Impactor Samples.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 642
EP  - 651
SN  - 02786826
AB  - A method has been developed for measuring profiles of aerosol mass on thin (480 μg/cm[sup 2]) Apiezon-L coated Mylar films employed in rotating drum aerosol impactor samplers using the ion beam analysis technique scanning transmission ion microscopy (STIM). The greased Mylar films are excellent impaction substrates and possess excellent uniformity in projected density, making them an ideal substrate for STIM analysis. The uniformity in projected density of a film enables STIM with a 3 MeV proton beam to produce profiles of aerosol mass with an accuracy of better than 90% and a mass sensitivity approaching 10 μg/cm[sup 2]. Further, we have extended proton elastic scattering analysis (PESA) to the same films, achieving measurement of an organic surrogate. Although the films contain ∼ 20 μg/cm[sup 2] hydrogen, the spatial uniformity in film hydrogen content enables PESA with a 3 MeV proton beam to produce profiles of hydrogen arising solely from the aerosols with an accuracy to within ± 1 μg/cm[sup 2] and a mass sensitivity of ∼ 1 μg/cm[sup 2]. These measurements when combined with synchrotron-x-ray fluorescence (S-XRF) measurements on the same film allow mass closure, sum of species versus measured mass, a key quality assurance protocol, to be approached. All 3 techniques were applied to very fine and ultra-fine particles collected in Fresno, CA, November, 2000 by slotted DRUM samplers. Temporal resolution in the resulting profiles was ≤ 6 h. The dramatic changes in composition versus size and time, and new types of elemental correlations unseen in PM[sub 2.5] filters, will be major assets in correlating aerosols and health impacts, visibility degradation, and the effects of aerosols on climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - FIELD ion microscopy
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 6510889; Bench, Graham 1 Grant, Patrick G. 1 Ueda, Dawn 1 Cliff, Steve S. 2 Perry, Kevin D. 3 Cahill, Thomas A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  2: Department of Land, Air and Water Resources (LAWR), University of California, Davis, California  3: Department of Meteorology, San Jose State University, San Jose, California; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 36 Issue 5, p642; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: FIELD ion microscopy; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/02786820252883874
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mann, Linda
AU  - Tolbert, Virginia
AU  - Cushman, Janet
T1  - Potential environmental effects of corn (Zea mays L.) stover removal with emphasis on soil organic matter and erosion
JO  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
JF  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 89
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 166
SN  - 01678809
AB  - Recent concerns about CO2 emissions and global warming have prompted renewed interest in using corn stover for energy production. Lack of markets, concerns about sustained soil productivity, and lack of commercial conversion technologies have precluded the widespread harvest of corn residues for this purpose. This paper reviews existing literature to evaluate the major environmental impacts potentially associated with stover harvest from reduced tillage corn production sites. Issues of greatest concern are erosion and soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics, the latter both for its role in soil quality and yield and for global carbon cycle implications. About half of the literature examined concerned research in the United States, many publications described research activities conducted for decades, and major soil types in corn producing regions were well represented. Regional differences were primarily temperature and rainfall effects on stand establishment and yield, with potential feedback effects on SOC. Several research papers discussing the effects of residue harvest were found, but few field studies were found that explicitly studied the effects of corn stover harvest and most discussions acknowledge potential tradeoffs among beneficial and adverse effects. It was concluded that more information is needed on several topics to determine potential long-term effects of residue harvest, including (1) erosion and water quality, especially pesticides and nitrate, (2) rates of transformation of different forms of SOC, (3) effects on soil biota, and (4) SOC dynamics in the subsoil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Corn
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Soil productivity
KW  - Markets
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Harvest
KW  - Residue
KW  - Review
KW  - Soil quality
N1  - Accession Number: 13481973; Mann, Linda 1; Email Address: lkm@ornl.gov; Tolbert, Virginia 1; Email Address: vrt@ornl.gov; Cushman, Janet 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Issue Info: May2002, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p149; Thesaurus Term: Corn; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Soil productivity; Subject Term: Markets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harvest; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Review; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil quality; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111150 Corn Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); NAICS/Industry Codes: 115112 Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prasad Saripalli, K.
AU  - McGrail, B. Peter
AU  - Girvin, Donald C.
T1  - Adsorption of molybdenum on to anatase from dilute aqueous solutions
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 649
SN  - 08832927
AB  - Adsorption of Mo on to hydrous TiO2 (anatase) particles was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted at 19 and 90 °C over a pH range of 2 to 12 and Mo concentrations ranging from approximately 10−6 to 10−4 M. The extent of sorption was strongly dependent on pH and surface loading. Maximum sorption was observed in the acidic pH range at low surface loading. Adsorption behavior was described using the empirical Langmuir adsorption model. A constant capacitance surface complexation model was also used to fit the adsorption isotherms using a ligand exchange reaction for a hydroxyl surface site on anatase. Comparison of experimental data at two different temperatures (19 and 90 °C) indicates that Mo sorption in the acidic pH range decreases with increasing temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Titanium dioxide
KW  - Soils -- Molybdenum content
N1  - Accession Number: 7764438; Prasad Saripalli, K.; Email Address: prasad.saripalli@pnl.gov; McGrail, B. Peter 1; Girvin, Donald C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: May2002, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p649; Subject Term: Titanium dioxide; Subject Term: Soils -- Molybdenum content; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hakki Alma, M.
AU  - Kelley, Stephen S.
T1  - The application of pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry for characterization of bark phenolysis products
JO  - Biomass & Bioenergy
JF  - Biomass & Bioenergy
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
SN  - 09619534
AB  - Barks from four common Mediterranean trees subjected to phenolysis under acidic conditions at moderate temperature <f>(130°C</f> or <f>150°C)</f> were evaluated with pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometer (py-MBMS). The results indicated that both concentration of acid catalyst and the phenolysis temperature have an impact on the chemical composition of both the isolated oils and the solid residue, with the acid concentration having the greatest influence. The primary phenolysis reaction products included phenolics and furans. As expected, at higher acid concentrations the phenolysis products contained less carbohydrate and included more phenolic fragments. These phenolysis oils should be useful as feedstocks for the production of phenol formaldehyde resins. The py-MBMS method was found to be an effective and convenient method to understand bark phenolysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomass & Bioenergy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARK as fuel
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - Bark
KW  - Phenolysis
KW  - Pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7781010; Hakki Alma, M. 1 Kelley, Stephen S. 2; Email Address: skelley@tcplink.nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Industrial Engineering of Forestry, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü Imam University, K.Maraş 46060, Turkey  2: National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p411; Subject Term: BARK as fuel; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bark; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Halas, S.
AU  - Durakiewicz, T.
AU  - Joyce, J.J.
T1  - Surface energy calculation – metals with 1 and 2 delocalized electrons per atom
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 278
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 03010104
AB  - In this paper we calculate surface energy (SE) of monovalent, divalent and some trivalent metals. For these metals for which SE can be solely expressed by dimensionless Wigner–Seitz density parameter, <f>rs</f>, of delocalized electrons:SE=C1rs−5+C2rs−3.5−C3rs−4,where constants <f>C1</f>, <f>C2</f> and <f>C3</f> have been calculated on the basis of Sommerfeld''s free electron and surface plasma models. Excellent agreement with experimental data was obtained. On the basis of our model SE values for Fr and Ra have been predicted as well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOVALENT cations
KW  - METALLIC surfaces
KW  - SURFACE energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7797441; Halas, S. 1,2 Durakiewicz, T. 3; Email Address: tomasz@lanl.gov Joyce, J.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland  2: Institute of Vacuum Technology, ul. Dluga 44/50, 00-241 Warsaw, Poland  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics, MST-IV Group, Mailstop K 764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 278 Issue 2/3, p111; Subject Term: MONOVALENT cations; Subject Term: METALLIC surfaces; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curran, H.J.
AU  - Gaffuri, P.
AU  - Pitz, W.J.
AU  - Westbrook, C.K.
T1  - A comprehensive modeling study of iso-octane oxidation
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 129
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 00102180
AB  - A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism has been developed and used to study the oxidation of iso-octane in a jet-stirred reactor, flow reactors, shock tubes and in a motored engine. Over the series of experiments investigated, the initial pressure ranged from 1 to 45 atm, the temperature from 550 K to 1700 K, the equivalence ratio from 0.3 to 1.5, with nitrogen-argon dilution from 70% to 99%. This range of physical conditions, together with the measurements of ignition delay time and concentrations, provide a broad-ranging test of the chemical kinetic mechanism. This mechanism was based on our previous modeling of alkane combustion and, in particular, on our study of the oxidation of n-heptane. Experimental results of ignition behind reflected shock waves were used to develop and validate the predictive capability of the reaction mechanism at both low and high temperatures. Moreover, species’ concentrations from flow reactors and a jet-stirred reactor were used to help complement and refine the low and intermediate temperature portions of the reaction mechanism, leading to good predictions of intermediate products in most cases. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed for each of the combustion environments in an attempt to identify the most important reactions under the relevant conditions of study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ALKANES
N1  - Accession Number: 7804502; Curran, H.J. 1; Email Address: henry.curran@gmit.ie Gaffuri, P. 1 Pitz, W.J. 1 Westbrook, C.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 129 Issue 3, p253; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ALKANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, X.L.
AU  - Gore, J.P.
AU  - Karpetis, A.N.
AU  - Barlow, R.S.
T1  - The effects of self-absorption of radiation on an opposed flow partially premixed flame
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 129
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 342
SN  - 00102180
N1  - Accession Number: 7804507; Zhu, X.L. 1 Gore, J.P. 1; Email Address: gore@ecn.purdue.edu Karpetis, A.N. 2 Barlow, R.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Maurice J. Zucrow Laboratories, School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1003, USA  2: Reacting Flow Research Dept., Combustion Research Facility MS 9051, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 129 Issue 3, p342; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rudd, Robert E.
AU  - Belak, James F.
T1  - Void nucleation and associated plasticity in dynamic fracture of polycrystalline copper: an atomistic simulation
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 148
SN  - 09270256
AB  - We investigate the microscopic mechanisms of void growth in polycrystalline copper undergoing triaxial expansion at a large, constant strain rate: a process central to the initial phase of dynamic fracture. Void nucleation, growth, interaction and coalescence are studied using atomistic simulations. The influence of pre-existing microstructure on the void growth is characterized both for nucleation and for growth. These processes are found to be in agreement with the general features of void distributions observed in experiment. We also examine some of the microscopic mechanisms of plasticity associated with void growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - COPPER
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - Atomistic simulation
KW  - Multiscale modeling
KW  - Void nucleation
N1  - Accession Number: 7823593; Rudd, Robert E.; Email Address: robert.rudd@llnl.gov Belak, James F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-045, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 24 Issue 1/2, p148; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomistic simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiscale modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Void nucleation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tan, Kemin
AU  - Zelus, Bruce D.
AU  - Meijers, Rob
AU  - Jin-Huan Liu
AU  - Bergelson, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Duke, Norma
AU  - Rongguang Zhang
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Holmes, Kathryn V.
AU  - Jia-Huai Wang
T1  - Crystal structure of murine sCEACAM1a[1,4]: a coronavirus receptor in the CEA family.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/05//5/1/2002
VL  - 21
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2076
EP  - 2086
SN  - 02614189
AB  - CEACAM1 is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family. Isoforms of murine CEACAM1 serve as receptors for mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), a murine coronavirus. Here we report the crystal structure of soluble murine sCEACAM1a[1,4], which is composed of two Ig-like domains and has MHV neutralizing activity. Its N-terminal domain has a uniquely folded CC' loop that encompasses key virus-binding residues. This is the first atomic structure of any member of the CEA family, and provides a prototypic architecture for functional exploration of CEA family members. We discuss the structural basis of virus receptor activities of murine CEACAM1 proteins, binding of Neisseria to human CEACAM1, and other homophilic and heterophilic interactions of CEA family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIRUSES
KW  - HEPATITIS
KW  - LIVER diseases
KW  - HEPATITIS viruses
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - bacterial binding
KW  - CEA family
KW  - cell adhesion
KW  - coronavirus receptor
KW  - crystal structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12955831; Tan, Kemin Zelus, Bruce D. 1 Meijers, Rob 2,3 Jin-Huan Liu 2,3 Bergelson, Jeffrey M. 4 Duke, Norma 5 Rongguang Zhang 5 Joachimiak, Andrzej 5 Holmes, Kathryn V. 1; Email Address: kathryn.holrnes@uchsc.edu Jia-Huai Wang 2,6,7; Email Address: jwang@red.dfci.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262.  2: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115.  3: Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School.  4: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104.  5: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  6: Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School.  7: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School.; Source Info: 5/1/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 9, p2076; Subject Term: VIRUSES; Subject Term: HEPATITIS; Subject Term: LIVER diseases; Subject Term: HEPATITIS viruses; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: bacterial binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: CEA family; Author-Supplied Keyword: cell adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: coronavirus receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal structure; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/21.9.2076
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Price, L.
AU  - Sinton, J.
AU  - Worrell, E.
AU  - Phylipsen, D.
AU  - Xiulian, H.
AU  - Ji, L.
T1  - Energy use and carbon dioxide emissions from steel production in China
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 27
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 03605442
AB  - In 1996, China manufactured just over 100 Mt of steel and became the world''s largest steel producer. Official Chinese energy consumption statistics for the steel industry include activities not directly associated with the production of steel, ‘double-count’ some coal-based energy consumption, and do not cover the entire Chinese steelmaking industry. In this paper, we make adjustements to the reported statistical data in order to provide energy use values for steel production in China that are comparable to statistics used internationally. We find that for 1996, official statistics need to be reduced by 1365 PJ to account for non-steel production activities and double-counting. Official statistics also need to be increased by 415 PJ in order to include steelmaking energy use of small plants not included in official statistics. This leads to an overall reduction of 950 PJ for steelmaking in China in 1996. Thus, the official final energy use value of 4018 PJ drops to 3067 PJ. In primary energy terms, the official primary energy use value of 4555 PJ is reduced to 3582 PJ when these adjustments are made. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - STEEL industry
KW  - CHINA
N1  - Accession Number: 7764379; Price, L. 1; Email Address: lkprice@lbl.gov Sinton, J. 1 Worrell, E. 1 Phylipsen, D. 2 Xiulian, H. 3 Ji, L. 4; Affiliation:  1: International Energy Studies Group, Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Ecofys Energy and Environment, The Netherlands  3: Center for Energy, Environment and Climate Change Research, Energy Research Institute People's Republic of China  4: Center for Energy Economics and Development Strategy, Energy Research Institute, People's Republic of China; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p429; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: STEEL industry; Subject Term: CHINA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, R.
AU  - Webber, C.
AU  - Koomey, J.G.
T1  - Status and future directions of the Energy Star program
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 27
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 505
SN  - 03605442
AB  - In 1992 the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced Energy Star®, a voluntary labeling program designed to identify and promote energy-efficient products, in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Since then, the EPA, now in partnership with the US Department of Energy (DOE), has expanded the program to cover nearly the entire buildings sector, spanning new homes, commercial buildings, residential heating and cooling equipment, major appliances, office equipment, commercial and residential lighting, and home electronics. This paper is based on our experience since 1993 in providing technical support to the Energy Star program. We provide a snapshot of the Energy Star program in the year 2000, including a general overview of the program, its accomplishments, and the possibilities for future development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7764384; Brown, R.; Email Address: rebrown@lbl.gov Webber, C. 1 Koomey, J.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS 90-4000, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p505; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kossecka, Elisabeth
AU  - Kosny, Jan
T1  - Influence of insulation configuration on heating and cooling loads in a continuously used building
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
SN  - 03787788
AB  - This paper is focused on the energy performance of buildings containing massive exterior building envelope components. The effect of mass and insulation location on heating and cooling loads is analyzed for six characteristic wall configurations. Correlations between structural and dynamic thermal characteristics of walls are discussed. A simple one-room model of a building exposed to periodic temperature changes is analyzed to illustrate the effect of material configuration on the ability of a wall to dampen interior temperature swings. Whole-building dynamic modeling using DOE-2.1E is employed for the energy analysis of a one-story residential building with various exterior wall configurations for six different US climates. The best thermal performance is obtained when massive material layers are located at the inner side and directly exposed to the interior space. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - Building heat transfer
KW  - Dynamic thermal performance
KW  - Frequency response
KW  - Structure factors
KW  - Thermal stability
N1  - Accession Number: 9098865; Kossecka, Elisabeth 1; Kosny, Jan 2; Email Address: kosnyj@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Polish Academy of Sciences, Ecological Building Group, Swietokrzyska 21, 00 049 Warsaw, Poland; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 3147, MS 6070, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6070, USA; Issue Info: May2002, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p321; Thesaurus Term: Buildings; Subject Term: Heat transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building heat transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic thermal performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal stability; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allwine, K. Jerry
AU  - Thistle, Harold W.
AU  - Teske, Milton E.
AU  - Anhold, John
T1  - THE AGRICULTURAL DISPERSAL-VALLEY DRIFT SPRAY DRIFT MODELING SYSTEM COMPARED WITH PESTICIDE DRIFT DATA.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1085
EP  - 1090
SN  - 07307268
AB  - The coupling of the valley drift (VALDRIFT) atmospheric dispersion/deposition model with the agricultural dispersal (AGDISP) aircraft wake model generates a modeling system for predicting the off-target drift of pesticides sprayed in a mountain valley. The approach uses the AGDISP near-field spray model to estimate the mass fraction of pesticide remaining airborne after initial application, then the VALDRIFT complex terrain model to estimate the drift of pesticide from the target area. The modeling system inputs include detailed spray information, a measure (or estimate) of winds in the valley, and the valley topographic characteristics; the results are pesticide concentrations throughout the valley atmosphere and pesticide deposition to the valley surface. The AGDISP and VALDRIFT models are operated independently, with the results from AGDISP being used as input to VALDRIFT through user-created data files. The modeling system was evaluated using pesticide drift data from spray trials conducted in the Mill Creek Canyon of Utah's Wasatch Mountains, USA, during the late spring of 1993. The predicted deposition compared within a factor of three of the observations (70% of the time) at all sampling locations extending several kilometers down-valley from the spray treatment block. The overall average ratio of predicted-to-observed deposition was 0.9. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PESTICIDES
KW  - AGRICULTURAL chemicals
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC deposition
KW  - SPRAYING
KW  - UTAH
KW  - Aerial application
KW  - Atmospheric modeling
KW  - Complex terrain
KW  - Pesticide drift
N1  - Accession Number: 15940021; Allwine, K. Jerry 1; Email Address: jerry.allwine@pnl.gov Thistle, Harold W. 2 Teske, Milton E. 3 Anhold, John 4; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA  2: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 180 Canfield Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505  3: Continuum Dynamics, 34 Lexington Avenue, Ewing, New Jersey 08618, USA  4: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 2500 South Pine Knoll Drive, Flagstaff, Arizona 86001; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p1085; Subject Term: PESTICIDES; Subject Term: AGRICULTURAL chemicals; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC deposition; Subject Term: SPRAYING; Subject Term: UTAH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerial application; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex terrain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pesticide drift; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418390 Agricultural chemical and other farm supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lowe, Mary
AU  - Madsen, Eugene L.
AU  - Schindler, Karen
AU  - Smith, Courtney
AU  - Emrich, Scott
AU  - Robb, Frank
AU  - Halden, Rolf U.
T1  - Geochemistry and microbial diversity of a trichloroethene-contaminated Superfund site undergoing intrinsic in situ reductive dechlorination
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 01686496
AB  - This study explored the geochemistry and microbial diversity of a Superfund site containing trichloroethene (TCE) and an unusual co-pollutant, tetrakis(2-ethylbutoxy)silane. Geochemical analysis of contaminated groundwater indicated subsurface anaerobiosis, reductive dechlorination of TCE to predominantly cis-1,2-dichloroethene, and (transient) accumulation of 2-ethylbutanol and 2-ethylbutyrate as a result of tetrakis(2-ethylbutoxy)silane breakdown. Comparative analysis of 106 16S rDNA and 61 16S–23S rDNA intergenic spacer region sequences – obtained from pristine and contaminated groundwater via DNA extraction, PCR amplification, cloning and sequencing – revealed that the contaminated groundwater featured (i) a distinct microbial community, (ii) reduced species diversity, (iii) various anaerobes, and (iv) bacteria closely related to the TCE-dechlorinating, dichloroethene-accumulating genus Dehalobacter, whereas (v) the TCE-dechlorinating, ethene-producing species Dehalococcoides ethenogenes was not detectable. Thus, geochemical and molecular biological results were in excellent agreement in this first ecological field study linking in situ reductive dechlorination of TCE to metabolism of tetraalkoxysilanes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Ecology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - ANALYTICAL geochemistry
KW  - ANAEROBIOSIS
KW  - 16S rDNA
KW  - 16S–23S intergenic spacer region
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Reductive dechlorination
KW  - Tetraalkoxysilane
N1  - Accession Number: 7813980; Lowe, Mary 1 Madsen, Eugene L. 2 Schindler, Karen 1 Smith, Courtney 1 Emrich, Scott 1 Robb, Frank 3 Halden, Rolf U. 4; Email Address: rhalden@jhsph.edu; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Loyola College, Baltimore, MD 21210, USA  2: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  3: Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA  4: Environmental Protection Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 40 Issue 2, p123; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL geochemistry; Subject Term: ANAEROBIOSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16S rDNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16S–23S intergenic spacer region; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reductive dechlorination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetraalkoxysilane; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tran, N.L.
AU  - Salmon, C.P.
AU  - Knize, M.G.
AU  - Colvin, M.E.
T1  - Experimental and simulation studies of heat flow and heterocyclic amine mutagen/carcinogen formation in pan-fried meat patties
JO  - Food & Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food & Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 673
SN  - 02786915
AB  - Heterocylic amine (HA) compounds formed in the cooking of certain foods have been shown to be bacterial mutagens and animal carcinogens, and may be a risk factor for human cancer. To help explain the variation observed in HA formation under different cooking conditions, we have performed heat-flow simulations and experiments on the pan-frying of beef patties. The simulations involve modeling the heat flow within a meat patty using empirically derived thermal transport coefficients for the meat. The predicted temperature profiles are used to integrate the Arrhenius rate equation to estimate the concentration of HAs formed in the meat. We find that our simulations accurately model experimentally determined temperature profiles, cooking times, HA spatial distributions and total HA formation in patties that are flipped once during the pan-frying process. For patties flipped every 60 s, the simulations qualitatively agree with experiment in predicting reduced cooking times and HA formation relative to the singly-flipped patties. However, the simulations overestimate the effect of rapid flipping on cooking times and underestimate the effect of flipping on total HAs formed. These results suggest that the dramatic reductions in HA formation due to rapid flipping may be due to factors other than the heating process or that there is a critical feature of the flipping process that is not captured in our model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Food & Chemical Toxicology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - HEAT
KW  - MUTAGENS
KW  - MEAT
KW  - 2-amino-(1,6-dimethylfuro[3,2-e]imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (IFP)
KW  - 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine (PhIP)
KW  - 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline (DiMeIQx)
KW  - 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f ]quinoxaline (MeIQx)
KW  - heterocylic amine (HA)
N1  - Accession Number: 7780704; Tran, N.L. 1 Salmon, C.P. 1 Knize, M.G. 1 Colvin, M.E.; Email Address: colvin2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 40 Issue 5, p673; Subject Term: HETEROCYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: MUTAGENS; Subject Term: MEAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-(1,6-dimethylfuro[3,2-e]imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (IFP); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine (PhIP); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline (DiMeIQx); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f ]quinoxaline (MeIQx); Author-Supplied Keyword: heterocylic amine (HA); NAICS/Industry Codes: 445210 Meat Markets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413160 Red meat and meat product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311613 Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424470 Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, R.P.
AU  - Fincke, J.R.
AU  - Taylor, C.E.
T1  - Conversion of natural gas to liquids via acetylene as an intermediate
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 81
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 909
SN  - 00162361
AB  - This paper describes an experimental investigation of the conversion of natural gas to liquid transportation fuels through acetylene as an intermediate. The first step is the direct thermal conversion of methane to acetylene utilizing a thermal plasma heat source to dissociate the methane. The dissociation products react to form a mixture of acetylene and hydrogen. Significant improvements over the prior art were observed; these improvements may be attributed to an improved methane injection configuration and minimization of radial temperature gradients. Conversion efficiencies (percent methane converted) approached 100% and acetylene yields in the 90–95% range with 2–4% solid carbon production were obtained. A variety of methods were examined for the second step, the conversion of acetylene to liquid products. The most promising technology was the reaction of acetylene with hydrogen over a shape-selective zeolite to form C3–C5+ aliphatics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NATURAL gas
KW  - ACETYLENE
KW  - Acetylene
KW  - Gas-to-liquids
KW  - Methane conversion
N1  - Accession Number: 7764621; Anderson, R.P. 1; Email Address: anderp@inel.gov Fincke, J.R. 1 Taylor, C.E. 2; Email Address: charles.taylor@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 84315-2110, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 81 Issue 7, p909; Subject Term: NATURAL gas; Subject Term: ACETYLENE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acetylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas-to-liquids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane conversion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antar, G.Y.
AU  - Doerner, R.P.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Majeski, R.
AU  - Spaleta, J.
AU  - Munsat, T.
AU  - Jones, B.
AU  - Maingi, R.
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V.
AU  - Kugel, H.
AU  - Timberlake, J.
AU  - Krasheninnikov, S.I.
AU  - Luckhardt, S.C.
AU  - Conn, R.W.
T1  - Plasma–lithium interaction in the CDX-U spherical torus
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Results on the interaction between plasma in the current drive experiment-upgrade (CDX-U) spherical torus and a liquid lithium limiter are reported. It is observed that macroscopic lithium droplets detach from the limiter head and fall towards the plasma core. However, no disruptions occurred during these discharges despite the fact that relatively large-scale blobs are observed entering the confined plasma. A multi-tip Langmuir probe measures the edge plasma properties. It is found that the average density and temperature and their fluctuations are unaffected by the presence of lithium within experimental error. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - CDX-U
KW  - Lithium walls
KW  - MHD effects
KW  - Plasma-material interaction
N1  - Accession Number: 7800486; Antar, G.Y. 1; Email Address: gantar@ferp.ucsd.edu Doerner, R.P. 1 Kaita, R. 2 Majeski, R. 2 Spaleta, J. 2 Munsat, T. 2 Jones, B. 2 Maingi, R. 3 Soukhanovskii, V. 2 Kugel, H. 2 Timberlake, J. 2 Krasheninnikov, S.I. 1 Luckhardt, S.C. 1 Conn, R.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Energy Research Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0417, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 60 Issue 2, p157; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDX-U; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium walls; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma-material interaction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scorilas, Andreas
AU  - Levesque, Michael A.
AU  - Ashworth, Linda K.
AU  - Diamandis, Eleftherios P.
T1  - Cloning, physical mapping and structural characterization of the human αA-adaptin gene
JO  - Gene
JF  - Gene
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 289
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 03781119
AB  - Adaptins are major structural components of heterotetrameric protein complexes called adaptors, which are involved in intracellular receptor transport via clathrin-coated vesicles. In mice, one of these adaptins has been shown to be encoded by two genes, αA-adaptin and αC-adaptin, the former of which is expressed as two alternatively spliced transcripts. Using positional cloning gene approaches, we were able to identify the human αA-adaptin gene, which consists of 24 exons spanning over 40 kb on chromosome 19q13.3 between the loci of the R-ras gene and the polynucleotide kinase phosphatase gene. The novel gene encodes a 977 amino acid, 107.6 kDa protein with 98% amino acid sequence identity to its murine ortholog. Human αA-adaptin is expressed as a full-length transcript in forebrain, skeletal muscle, spinal cord, cerebellum, salivary gland, heart and colon. It is also ubiquitously expressed in tissues and in ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells and LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells as a smaller variant generated by splicing out of an exon encoding 22 amino acids in the hinge region of the protein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Gene is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - CLONING
KW  - AP, adaptor protein
KW  - AP-1 and AP-2, AP complexes 1 and 2, respectively
KW  - BAC, bacterial artificial chromosome
KW  - EST, expressed sequence tag
KW  - IRF-3, interferon regulatory factor 3
KW  - JGI, Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute
KW  - LLNL, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
KW  - NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information
KW  - PNKP, polynucleotide kinase phosphatase 1
KW  - PRMT1/HRMT1L2, protein arginine methyltransferase 1
KW  - RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends
KW  - RT-PCR, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
KW  - UPGMA, unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean
N1  - Accession Number: 7813881; Scorilas, Andreas 1,2,3 Levesque, Michael A. 1,2 Ashworth, Linda K. 4 Diamandis, Eleftherios P. 1,2; Email Address: ediamandis@mtsinai.on.ca; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ont. M5G 1X5, Canada  2: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. M5G 1X5, Canada  3: National Center for Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’, IPC, Athens 153 10, Greece  4: Human Genome Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 289 Issue 1/2, p191; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: CLONING; Author-Supplied Keyword: AP, adaptor protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: AP-1 and AP-2, AP complexes 1 and 2, respectively; Author-Supplied Keyword: BAC, bacterial artificial chromosome; Author-Supplied Keyword: EST, expressed sequence tag; Author-Supplied Keyword: IRF-3, interferon regulatory factor 3; Author-Supplied Keyword: JGI, Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute; Author-Supplied Keyword: LLNL, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Author-Supplied Keyword: NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information; Author-Supplied Keyword: PNKP, polynucleotide kinase phosphatase 1; Author-Supplied Keyword: PRMT1/HRMT1L2, protein arginine methyltransferase 1; Author-Supplied Keyword: RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends; Author-Supplied Keyword: RT-PCR, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: UPGMA, unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Isaure, Marie-Pierre
AU  - Laboudigue, Agnès
AU  - Manceau, Alain
AU  - Sarret, Géraldine
AU  - Tiffreau, Christophe
AU  - Trocellier, Patrick
AU  - Lamble, Géraldine
AU  - Hazemann, Jean-Louis
AU  - Chateigner, Daniel
T1  - Quantitative Zn speciation in a contaminated dredged sediment by μ-PIXE, μ-SXRF, EXAFS spectroscopy and principal component analysis
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 66
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1549
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Dredging and disposal of sediments onto agricultural soils is a common practice in industrial and urban areas that can be hazardous to the environment when the sediments contain heavy metals. This chemical hazard can be assessed by evaluating the mobility and speciation of metals after sediment deposition. In this study, the speciation of Zn in the coarse (500 to 2000 μm) and fine (<2 μm) fractions of a contaminated sediment dredged from a ship canal in northern France and deposited on an agricultural soil was determined by physical analytical techniques on raw and chemically treated samples. Zn partitioning between coexisting mineral phases and its chemical associations were first determined by micro-particle-induced X-ray emission and micro-synchrotron-based X-ray radiation fluorescence. Zn-containing mineral species were then identified by X-ray diffraction and powder and polarized extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS). The number, nature, and proportion of Zn species were obtained by a coupled principal component analysis (PCA) and least squares fitting (LSF) procedure, applied herein for the first time to qualitatively (number and nature of species) and quantitatively (relative proportion of species) speciate a metal in a natural system.The coarse fraction consists of slag grains originating from nearby Zn smelters. In this fraction, Zn is primarily present as sphalerite (ZnS) and to a lesser extent as willemite (Zn2SiO4), Zn-containing ferric (oxyhydr)oxides, and zincite (ZnO). In the fine fraction, ZnS and Zn-containing Fe (oxyhydr)oxides are the major forms, and Zn-containing phyllosilicate is the minor species. Weathering of ZnS, Zn2SiO4, and ZnO under oxidizing conditions after the sediment disposal accounts for the uptake of Zn by Fe (oxyhydr)oxides and phyllosilicates. Two geochemical processes can explain the retention of Zn by secondary minerals: uptake on preexisting minerals and precipitation with dissolved Fe and Si. The second process likely occurs because dissolved Zn and Si are supersaturated with respect to Zn phyllosilicate. EXAFS spectroscopy, in combination with PCA and LSF, is shown to be a meaningful approach to quantitatively determining the speciation of trace elements in sediments and soils. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - AGRICULTURE
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7791623; Isaure, Marie-Pierre 1,2 Laboudigue, Agnès 1 Manceau, Alain 2; Email Address: manceau@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr Sarret, Géraldine 2 Tiffreau, Christophe 1 Trocellier, Patrick 3 Lamble, Géraldine 4 Hazemann, Jean-Louis 2 Chateigner, Daniel 5; Affiliation:  1: CNRSSP, 930 boulevard Lahure, BP537, 59505 Douai cedex, France  2: Environmental Geochemistry Group, LGIT, University J. Fourier and CNRS, BP53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France  3: Laboratoire Pierre Süe, CEA-CNRS, Centre d’Etudes de Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France  4: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: LPEC, Université du Maine-Le Mans, av. O. Messiaen, BP535, 72085 Le Mans cedex, France; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 66 Issue 9, p1549; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: AGRICULTURE; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warren, Thomas L.
T1  - Simulations of the penetration of limestone targets by ogive-nose 4340 steel projectiles
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 27
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - In this paper we extend Forrestal''s semi-empirical penetration method for limestone targets to account for pitch, yaw and projectile deformation. This is achieved using a combined analytical and computational technique we have developed to calculate permanent projectile deformation without erosion. With this technique we use an explicit transient dynamic finite element code to model the projectile, and an analytical forcing function based on the dynamic expansion of a spherical cavity derived from Forrestal''s depth of penetration equation to represent the target. Additionally, this work extends the forcing function methodology by introducing a successive layering technique to account for the loss of confinement due to entrance cratering effects. Results from simulations are compared with the corresponding experimental results and shown to be in good agreement. Furthermore, it is shown that in many of the events the projectile goes through significantly more deformation than what is observed from its post-test configuration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIMESTONE
KW  - FINITE element method
N1  - Accession Number: 7799281; Warren, Thomas L. 1; Email Address: tlwarre@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1174, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p475; Subject Term: LIMESTONE; Subject Term: FINITE element method; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Wen Ho
T1  - Oil well perforator design using 2D Eulerian code
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 27
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - The purpose of the present study is to obtain a good shaped charge design using a 2D Eulerian code such that the high speed jet of the liner creates a large hole in the well casing and a small hole in the gun pipe. Double-velocity inverse gradients, one at the tip of the liner and another one located near the middle section of the jet, are described for conical and elliptical shaped charges. A series of computer simulations are performed for jet formation and penetration into the casing wall as well as the surrounding rocks. For a typical liner material, the penetrated casing hole size is related to the liner geometry, the amount of the explosive charge, and the shape as well as the thickness of the charge case. From this study, it is shown that the geometry and the thickness of the liner are the most pertinent parameters for a good charge design. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OIL wells
KW  - HOLES
KW  - Eulerian code
KW  - Oil well perforation
KW  - Shaped charge
N1  - Accession Number: 7799286; Lee, Wen Ho 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p535; Subject Term: OIL wells; Subject Term: HOLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eulerian code; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oil well perforation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shaped charge; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213111 Drilling Oil and Gas Wells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213112 Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213118 Services to oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibson, John K.
T1  - Gas-phase activation of silane, disilane and germane by actinide ions; and collision induced dissociation of metal oxide ions in TOF-MS
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 216
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Gas-phase reactions of selected actinide metal ions, An+, with silane, disilane and germane under minimally hyperthermal conditions were studied using a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer (RTOF-MS). Both U+ and Np+ reacted with silane while Pu+ was comparatively inert. The primary reactions with silane yielded the silylenes, AnSiH2+; secondary reactions gave AnSi2H4+ and AnSi2H2+ (<F>An=U</F>, Np). With disilane, single- and double-dehydrogenation by An+ produced AnSi2H4+ and AnSi2H2+ for <F>An=U</F> and Np, while Pu+ and Am+ were inert. Oxo-ligation rendered plutonium reactive towards silane: UO+, NpO+ and PuO+ each dehydrogenated disilane to give AnOSi2H4+. With germane, selected lanthanide ions, M+&z.dbnd6;Ln+, were studied along with M+&z.dbnd6;An+. Germylenes, MGeH2+, were formed for <F>M=Th</F>, U, Np, Pu, Ce and Tb, while Am+ and Tm+ were inert. Secondary products were MGe2+ (<F>M=Th</F>, U, Np, Ce and Tb), ThGe3+ and ThGe4+. The results are assessed in the context of the electronic structures and energetics of the actinide (and lanthanide) ions. For comparison and to confirm consistency with previous studies, a few reactions of CH4 and C2H6 with actinide ions were examined. The nature of anomalous peaks at ion flight times corresponding to “tetrahydride” ions, “AnH4,” upon introduction of both reactive and inert gases into the reaction region was examined in detail. It was concluded that these aberrant peaks were due to high-energy collision induced dissociation of actinide oxide ions, AnO+, in the first field-free region of the RTOF-MS. The identification of this dissociation phenomenon nullifies a previous report of actinide hydride ions produced by reactions of An+ with ethylene oxide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - Actinides
KW  - Collision induced dissociation
KW  - Disilane
KW  - Germane
KW  - Silane
N1  - Accession Number: 7794685; Gibson, John K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 216 Issue 2, p185; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collision induced dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disilane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silane; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Duan Z.
AU  - VanderHeyden, W. Brian
T1  - The effects of mesoscale structures on the macroscopic momentum equations for two-phase flows
JO  - International Journal of Multiphase Flow
JF  - International Journal of Multiphase Flow
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 805
SN  - 03019322
AB  - Mesoscale structures (bubbles, clusters and streamers) in two-phase flows, especially in gas–solid fluidized beds significantly affect macroscopic hydrodynamic behavior. For industrial-scale fluidized beds, it is typically impractical to simulate these structures directly due to the excessive resolution required. To model effects of mesoscale structures, the ensemble phase averaging method is extended to derive macroscopic averaged equations and their closures. It is found that added-mass and drag reduction effects due to mesoscale structures play essential roles in the macroscopic equations of motion. Unlike the classical added-mass force, which is proportional to the continuous fluid density, the mesoscale added-mass force is proportional to the mixture density. Thus for gas–solid systems wherein the classical added-mass force is almost always negligible, the mesoscale added-mass force is, in contrast, found to be quite important. Mesoscale drag reduction results from the fact that, in a particle rich region, there is significantly less relative velocity between particle and fluid phases than indicated by the macroscopic relative velocity.Possible effects of the new force terms in the macroscopic equations are examined from a one-dimensional simulation of a fluidized bed. Significant effects from the new terms on vertical pressure gradient and particle volume fraction distributions are observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Multiphase Flow is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TWO-phase flow
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - Added mass
KW  - Averaged equations
KW  - Drag reduction
KW  - Fluidized bed
KW  - Mesoscale structures
N1  - Accession Number: 7767509; Zhang, Duan Z.; Email Address: dzhang@lanl.gov VanderHeyden, W. Brian 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory Theoretical Division, Fluid Dynamics Group T-3, MS B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p805; Subject Term: TWO-phase flow; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Added mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Averaged equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drag reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluidized bed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoscale structures; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morrison, Stan J.
AU  - Metzler, Donald R.
AU  - Dwyer, Brian P.
T1  - Removal of As, Mn, Mo, Se, U, V and Zn from groundwater by zero-valent iron in a passive treatment cell: reaction progress modeling
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 56
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Three treatment cells were operated at a site near Durango, CO. One treatment cell operated for more than 3 years. The treatment cells were used for passive removal of contamination from groundwater at a uranium mill tailings repository site. Zero-valent iron [Fe(0)] that had been powdered, bound with aluminosilicate and molded into plates was used as a reactive material in one treatment cell. The others used granular Fe(0) and steel wool. The treatment cells significantly reduced concentrations of As, Mn, Mo, Se, U, V and Zn in groundwater that flowed through it. Zero-valent iron [Fe(0)], magnetite (Fe3O4), calcite (CaCO3), goethite (FeOOH) and mixtures of contaminant-bearing phases were identified in the solid fraction of one treatment cell. A reaction progress approach was used to model chemical evolution of water chemistry as it reacted with the Fe(0). Precipitation of calcite, ferrous hydroxide [Fe(OH)2] and ferrous sulfide (FeS) were used to simulate observed changes in major-ion aqueous chemistry. The amount of reaction progress differed for each treatment cell. Changes in contaminant concentrations were consistent with precipitation of reduced oxides (UO2, V2O3), sulfides (As2S3, ZnS), iron minerals (FeSe2, FeMoO4) and carbonate (MnCO3). Formation of a free gas phase and precipitation of minerals contributed to loss of hydraulic conductivity in one treatment cell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Uranium mill tailings
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Durango (Colo.)
KW  - United States
KW  - Passive groundwater treatment
KW  - Permeable reactive barrier
KW  - Reaction progress modeling
KW  - Zero-valent iron
N1  - Accession Number: 7792719; Morrison, Stan J. 1; Email Address: smorrison@gjo.doe.gov; Metzler, Donald R. 1; Email Address: dmetzler@gjo.doe.gov; Dwyer, Brian P. 2; Email Address: bpdwyer@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy Grand Junction Office, Grand Junction, CO 81503, USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories/New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0719, USA; Issue Info: May2002, Vol. 56 Issue 1/2, p99; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Uranium mill tailings; Subject: Colorado; Subject: Durango (Colo.); Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passive groundwater treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeable reactive barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction progress modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zero-valent iron; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Shan
AU  - Mazumder, P.
AU  - Trivedi, R.
T1  - A new thermal assembly design for the directional solidification of transparent alloys
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 240
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 560
SN  - 00220248
AB  - A modified design of the thermal assembly is presented for the directional solidification of transparent alloys that eliminates the radial temperature gradient and minimizes the curvature of the interface. An additional booster heater is designed, and the position of the heater is shown to be critical in obtaining a flat interface. A full-scale numerical calculation, carried out for succinonitrile-0.5 wt% Salol, shows that the interface concavity can be reduced gradually by placing the booster heater just above the cold end and by adjusting the temperature of the booster heater while keeping the hot and cold zone temperatures fixed. Experimental measurements of temperatures at the wall and at the center have been carried out systematically by using two calibrated thermocouples, and the observed thermal profiles have been shown to strongly support the numerical prediction. When a macroscopically flat interface is obtained, it is shown that columnar growth away from the ampoule wall can be observed and photographed. The effects of thermal gradient and the temperature setting of the booster heater on the planarity of the interface are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - A1. Computer simulation
KW  - A1. Convection
KW  - A1. Directional solidification
KW  - A1. Morphological stability
KW  - B1. Alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 7797132; Liu, Shan 1; Email Address: shanliu@ameslab.gov Mazumder, P. 2 Trivedi, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-US DOE, Iowa State University, 232 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Deptartment of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Now Corning Inc., Corning, NY 14831, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 240 Issue 3/4, p560; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Directional solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Morphological stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Alloys; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volpe, Alan M.
AU  - Bandong, Bryan B.
AU  - Esser, Bradley K.
AU  - Bianchini, Gregory M.
T1  - Radiocesium in North San Francisco Bay and Baja California coastal surface waters
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - Radiocesium, 137Cs, and rare earth elements (REEs) were determined in suspended material and dissolved fractions of waters across the salinity gradient in North San Francisco Bay (estuary). We describe the variation of this conservative isotope tracer with salinity and sediment load. REE data are used to differentiate marine and terrigenous source terrains for suspended material and dissolved fractions. We estimate that about 1–4×1010 Bq of 137Cs migrates annually on suspended material through the North Bay. In addition, 137Cs concentrations were measured in surface waters off Baja California. Combined in situ water density (<f>σt</f>) and 137Cs data distinguish between California Current and Gulf of California water, and delineate areas of upwelling, where nutrient-rich, deep Pacific Intermediate water, with little or no 137Cs, is brought to the surface off promontories along Baja California. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - RARE earths
KW  - STABLE isotope tracers
KW  - COASTAL ecology
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Baja California
KW  - Isotope tracer
KW  - Radiocesium
KW  - Rare earth elements
KW  - San Francisco Bay
N1  - Accession Number: 8727575; Volpe, Alan M. 1; Email Address: volpe1@llnl.gov Bandong, Bryan B. 1 Esser, Bradley K. 1 Bianchini, Gregory M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-231, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 60 Issue 3, p365; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: RARE earths; Subject Term: STABLE isotope tracers; Subject Term: COASTAL ecology; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baja California; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope tracer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiocesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: San Francisco Bay; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Raedt, H.A.
AU  - Hams, A.H.
AU  - Dobrovitski, V.V.
AU  - Al-Saqer, M.
AU  - Katsnelson, M.I.
AU  - Harmon, B.N.
T1  - Many-spin effects and tunneling splittings in <f>Mn12</f> magnetic molecules
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 246
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We calculate the tunneling splittings in a <f>Mn12</f> magnetic molecule taking into account its internal many-spin structure. We discuss the precision and reliability of these calculations and show that restricting the basis (limiting the number of excitations taken into account) may lead to significant error (orders of magnitude) in the resulting tunneling splittings for the lowest energy levels, so that an intuitive picture of different decoupled energy scales does not hold in this case. Possible routes for further development of the many-spin model of <f>Mn12</f> are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - Magnetic molecules
KW  - Numerical diagonalization
KW  - Splittings
KW  - Tunneling
N1  - Accession Number: 7807923; De Raedt, H.A. 1 Hams, A.H. 1 Dobrovitski, V.V. 2; Email Address: slava@axel.ameslab.gov Al-Saqer, M. 2 Katsnelson, M.I. 2 Harmon, B.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical Physics and Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands  2: Ames Laboratory, A. 101 Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 246 Issue 3, p392; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: MAGNETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical diagonalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Splittings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tunneling; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Small, J. A
AU  - Michael, J. R
AU  - Bright, D. S
T1  - Improving the quality of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns from nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 206
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
EP  - 178
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary In this study, we investigated the relative contributions of atomic number (Z) and density (ρ) to the degradation of the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) pattern quality for nanoparticles < 500 nm in diameter. This was accomplished by minimizing the diffuse scattering from the conventional thick mounting substrate through the design of a sample holder that can accommodate particles mounted on thin-film TEM substrates. With this design, the contributions of incoherently scattered electrons that result in the diffuse background are minimized. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons were made of the EBSD pattern quality obtained from Al2 O3 particles approximately 200 nm in diameter mounted on both thick- and thin-film C substrates. For the quantitative comparison we developed a ‘quality’ factor for EBSD patterns that is based on the ratio of two Hough transforms derived from a given EBSD pattern image. The calculated quality factor is directly proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio for the EBSD pattern. In addition to the comparison of the thick and thin mounting substrates, we also estimated the effects of Z and ρ by comparing the EBSD pattern quality from the Al2 O3 particles mounted on thin-film substrates with the quality of patterns obtained from Fe–Co nanoparticles approximately 120 nm in diameter. The results indicate that the increased background generated in EBSD patterns by the electrons escaping through the bottom of the small particles is the dominant reason for the poor EBSD pattern quality from nanoparticles < 500 nm in size. This was supported by the fact that we were able to obtain usable EBSD patterns from Al2 O3 particles as small as 130 nm using the thin-film mounting method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - DIFFRACTIVE scattering
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Diffraction
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - Crystallographic identification
KW  - EBSD
KW  - individual-particle analysis
KW  - nanoparticles
KW  - phase identification
KW  - SEM
N1  - Accession Number: 6631397; Small, J. A 1 Michael, J. R 2 Bright, D. S 1; Affiliation:  1: National Institutes of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8371, U.S.A.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1405, U.S.A.; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 206 Issue 2, p170; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: DIFFRACTIVE scattering; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Diffraction; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallographic identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: EBSD; Author-Supplied Keyword: individual-particle analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEM; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01015.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Farrell, K.
AU  - Lee, E.H.
AU  - Mansur, L.K.
AU  - Maloy, S.A.
AU  - James, M.R.
AU  - Johnson, W.R.
T1  - Temperature effects on the mechanical properties of candidate SNS target container materials after proton and neutron irradiation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 303
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
SN  - 00223115
AB  - This report presents the tensile properties of EC316LN austenitic stainless steel and 9Cr–2WVTa ferritic/martensitic steel after 800 MeV proton and spallation neutron irradiation to doses in the range 0.54–2.53 dpa at 30–100 <f>°</f>C. Tensile testing was performed at room temperature (20 <f>°</f>C) and 164 <f>°</f>C. The EC316LN stainless steel maintained notable strain-hardening capability after irradiation, while the 9Cr–2WVTa ferritic/martensitic steel posted negative hardening in the engineering stress–strain curves. In the EC316LN stainless steel, increasing the test temperature from 20 to 164 <f>°</f>C decreased the strength by 13–18% and the ductility by 8–36%. The effect of test temperature for the 9Cr–2WVTa ferritic/martensitic steel was less significant than for the EC316LN stainless steel. In addition, strain-hardening behaviors were analyzed for EC316LN and 316L stainless steels. The strain-hardening rate of the 316 stainless steels was largely dependent on test temperature. A calculation using reduction of area measurements and stress–strain data predicted positive strain hardening during plastic instability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - STRAIN hardening
N1  - Accession Number: 7800496; Byun, T.S. 1; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov Farrell, K. 1 Lee, E.H. 1 Mansur, L.K. 1 Maloy, S.A. 2 James, M.R. 2 Johnson, W.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500S, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-H809, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 303 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: STRAIN hardening; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan, Todd O.
AU  - Byman, Nathan A.
AU  - Landry, Frédéric
AU  - Kolman, David G.
AU  - Taleff, Eric M.
T1  - Corrosion resistance of structural materials to Ga<f>2</f>O at 1000 <f>°</f>C
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 303
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The thermally-induced gallium removal (TIGR) process is capable of removing gallium from oxide powders through the sublimation of Ga<f>2</f>O at elevated temperatures in a reducing atmosphere. Heat-resistant structural materials typically used in the construction of furnaces and reaction chambers may be susceptible to embrittlement and corrosion in the gallium-rich environment of the TIGR process. The susceptibilities of several heat-resistant structural materials to corrosion in Ga<f>2</f>O-rich atmospheres are experimentally evaluated. Tungsten and SiC are found to be highly resistant to corrosive attack by Ga<f>2</f>O at elevated temperatures. Superalloys containing chromium and cobalt as well as a tungsten alloy containing nickel and copper are found susceptible to corrosive attack by gallium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - GADOLINIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 7800500; Sullivan, Todd O. 1 Byman, Nathan A. 1 Landry, Frédéric 1 Kolman, David G. 2 Taleff, Eric M. 1; Email Address: taleff@mail.utexas.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1063, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 303 Issue 1, p73; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yonker, Clement R.
AU  - Linehan, John C.
T1  - Investigation of the hydroformylation of ethylene in liquid carbon dioxide
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 650
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - In situ, high-pressure NMR was used to investigate the hydroformylation reaction of ethylene in liquid CO2 using Rh(CO)2acac as the catalyst precursor and (p-CF3C6H4)3P, tris(p-trifluoromethylphenyl)phosphine, as the ligand under different thermodynamic conditions (T=10–23 °C, PCO=PH2=10–15 bar, PC2H4=10–15 bar, PCO2=207 bar). 1H-NMR was used to monitor the reaction progress of the hydroformylation of ethylene with a rhodium catalyst under select conditions of temperature and CO2 solvent pressure. Potential resting states of the rhodium catalyst were investigated by 31P{1H}-NMR. This is the first description of a rhodium catalyzed hydroformylation reaction in liquid CO2 monitored in situ by high pressure NMR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - RHODIUM
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Ethylene
KW  - High pressure NMR
KW  - Hydroformylation
KW  - Rhodium
N1  - Accession Number: 7796720; Yonker, Clement R.; Email Address: clem.yonker@pnl.gov Linehan, John C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 650 Issue 1/2, p249; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: RHODIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroformylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zarestky, J.L.
AU  - Stassis, C.
AU  - Goldman, A.I.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
AU  - Shirane, G.
AU  - Shapiro, S.M.
T1  - Phonon–phonon interactions in (Lu, Y)Ni2B2C
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 63
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 811
SN  - 00223697
AB  - The temperature dependence of the Δ4 acoustic and optic mode, measured at <f>q=(0.5,0,0)</f> in LuNi2B2C, YNi2B2C were extended to 1000 K and new measurements on the mixed compound, Y0.5Lu0.5Ni2B2C, were undertaken to explore the mode coupling in these materials. The temperature behavior of each is different and cannot be explained by a simple mode coupling scheme of the acoustic and optic modes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - A. Intermetallic compounds
KW  - D. Anharmonicity
KW  - D. Lattice dynamics
KW  - D. Phonons
KW  - D. Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7763977; Zarestky, J.L. 1 Stassis, C. 1 Goldman, A.I. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1 Shirane, G. 2 Shapiro, S.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 63 Issue 5, p811; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Intermetallic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Anharmonicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Lattice dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phonons; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sikora, Marek
AU  - Schilling, Christopher H.
AU  - Tomasik, Piotr
AU  - Li, Chuangping
T1  - Dextrin plasticizers for aqueous colloidal processing of alumina
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Rheological experiments were conducted to investigate the applicability of dextrins as plasticizers for the aqueous, colloidal processing of alumina ceramics. Upon the addition of 1–10 wt.% of dextrins, aqueous suspensions of 20 vol.% α-alumina exhibited a transition from strongly-flocculated, pseudoplastic behavior to a low-viscosity, Newtonian-like state. We evaluated rheological properties as a function of a range of polysaccharide molecular weights between 900 and 63 000 Daltons. Dextrins of molecular weight between 6450 and 15,000 Daltons were the most effective from the standpoint of cost and rheological performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - DEXTRINS
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - Al2O3
KW  - Dextrius
KW  - Plasticizers
KW  - Rheology
KW  - Suspensions
N1  - Accession Number: 7747190; Sikora, Marek 1; Email Address: rrsikora@cyf-kr.edu.pl Schilling, Christopher H. 2 Tomasik, Piotr 3 Li, Chuangping 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Carbohydrate Technology, University of Agriculture, 29 Listopad Ave, 48, 30 868 Cracow, Poland  2: Ames Laboratory<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University under the contract number W-7405-eng-82 with the U.S. Department of Energy.</fn> and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Mickiewicz Ave., 21 31 120 Cracow, Poland; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p625; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: DEXTRINS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dextrius; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasticizers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suspensions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, B.J.
AU  - Richardson Jr., J.W.
AU  - Murphy, C.D.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
AU  - Hodges, J.P.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
T1  - Phase stability of SrFeCo0.5Oy under synthesis and annealing conditions
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 661
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Dense ceramic tubes of the multi phase mixed ionic/electronic conductor SrFeCo0.5Oy (SFC2) have been .synthesized by solid-state reaction. Stability of the component phases of SFC2 was studied by insitu neutron diffraction in the temperature range of 900–1200 °C in air and Ar environments. In air between 900 and 1050 °C, the material is stable, with Sr2(Fe,Co)3Oy (236) being the major phase. Above 1050 °C, 236 undergoes decomposition into perovskite and rocksalt phases, and at 1200 °C, only a small fraction of the 236 phase is stable. In Ar, the 236 phase is completely stable at 900 °C but is completely decomposed by 1100 °C, whereupon only the perovskite and rocksalt phases remain. Rietveld analysis indicates that the 236 and perovskite phases become more Fe-rich as decomposition occurs, while the perovskite phase lattice parameter and oxygen content vary readily as temperature and gas environment are changed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Phase composition
KW  - SrFeCo0.5Oy
KW  - Stability
N1  - Accession Number: 7747194; Mitchell, B.J. 1 Richardson Jr., J.W. 1; Email Address: jwrichardson@anl.gov Murphy, C.D. 1 Ma, B. 2 Balachandran, U. 2 Hodges, J.P. 3 Jorgensen, J.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p661; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: SrFeCo0.5Oy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frueh, C.
AU  - Poirier, D.R.
AU  - Felicelli, S.D.
T1  - Predicting freckle-defects in directionally solidified Pb–Sn alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 328
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 09215093
AB  - This work validates a finite element model of dendritic solidification by comparing predicted results to data resulting from 11 directionally solidified hypoeutectic Pb–Sn samples, which were produced under various thermal gradients and solidification growth rates. For all but one of the cases, which was thought to be borderline between freckling and not freckling, predictions of whether freckles formed were supported by experiments. It was also determined that freckling could be predicted by running a simulation with convection turned on only after a mushy zone was fully developed; this saves computational time and lends credibility to the notion of using a non-dimensional freckling criterion such as a Rayleigh number. Finally, with <f>D</f> as the diffusivity of Sn in the liquid and <f>V</f> the growth rate, setting the mesh spacing in the growth direction at only <f>D/V</f> at the dendrite tips, and allowing the element size to be coarser throughout the rest of the domain, the simulations accurately predicted freckling consistent with results produced using a uniform mesh spacing of <f>D/V</f>. By testing the simulated system to see whether convection produces freckles after a completely developed mushy zone evolves and by employing a non-uniform mesh, a considerable saving in computational time for predicting freckles was achieved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - RAYLEIGH number
KW  - DENDRITIC crystals
KW  - Freckles
KW  - Pb–Sn
KW  - Rayleigh number
KW  - Solidification
N1  - Accession Number: 7772795; Frueh, C. 1 Poirier, D.R. 2; Email Address: poirierd@u.arizona.edu Felicelli, S.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical Reliability and Melting Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: Centro Atómico, 8400 S.C. de Bariloche, Argentina; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 328 Issue 1/2, p245; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH number; Subject Term: DENDRITIC crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Freckles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pb–Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayleigh number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solidification; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agrawal, H.
AU  - Gokhale, A.M.
AU  - Graham, S.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
AU  - Bamman, D.J.
T1  - Rotations of brittle particles during plastic deformation of ductile alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 328
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 310
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Experimental evidence is presented to show that significant rotations of brittle phase inclusions of a Fe-rich intermetallic phase occur during plastic deformation on an Al&z.sbnd;Mg&z.sbnd;Si base wrought aluminum alloy. The particle rotations are quantitatively characterized, for uniaxial tension, compression, torsion, and notch-tension test specimens strained to different strain levels. The particle rotations are monitored by measuring the morphological orientation distribution function of the particles. Significant particle rotations occur under all loading conditions. The morphological orientation distribution function evolves with plastic strain under uniaxial tension, compression, and torsion. The particles tend to align themselves in the direction parallel to applied (or induced) tensile stress for deformation under tension and compression. In the case, of torsion test specimens, at least up to 98% torsion strain, the particles tend to align along the direction at an angle of 45° to torsion axis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - Alignment
KW  - Aluminum alloys
KW  - Damage
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Particle rotations
N1  - Accession Number: 7772803; Agrawal, H. 1 Gokhale, A.M. 1; Email Address: arun.gokhale@mse.gatech.edu Graham, S. 2 Horstemeyer, M.F. 2 Bamman, D.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-10969, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 328 Issue 1/2, p310; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle rotations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, W.
AU  - Bodart, P.
AU  - Pruski, M.
AU  - Shanks, B.H.
T1  - Characterization of mesoporous alumina molecular sieves synthesized by nonionic templating
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 52
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 13871811
AB  - Mesoporous aluminas were produced by nonionic supramolecular templating and characterized to determine the stability of their physical structure during extended calcination at elevated temperatures. The effect of synthesis temperature on the physical structure of these materials and the resulting thermal evolution from synthesized aluminum hydroxide to transitional alumina was studied using thermogravimetric analysis. A high resolution multiple quantum magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy method was used to determine quantitatively the evolution of the aluminum coordination during the thermal processing. The mesoporous alumina exhibited high stability upon prolonged heating, which is essential for their future applications in catalytic chemistry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - THERMOGRAVIMETRY
KW  - Alumina characterization
KW  - Alumina thermal stability
KW  - Aluminum coordination quantification
KW  - Mesoporous alumina
KW  - Nonionic templating
N1  - Accession Number: 7783518; Deng, W. 1 Bodart, P. 2 Pruski, M. 2 Shanks, B.H. 1; Email Address: bshanks@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Iowa State University, 2114 Sweeney Hall, 50011-2230 Ames, IA, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 52 Issue 3, p169; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: THERMOGRAVIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina thermal stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum coordination quantification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonionic templating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pacchierotti, Francesca
AU  - Bassani, Bruno
AU  - Marchetti, Francesco
AU  - Tiveron, Cecilia
T1  - Griseofulvin induces mitotic delay and aneuploidy in bone marrow cells of orally treated mice.
JO  - Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 222
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02678357
AB  - Griseofulvin (GF) is a fungicide drug well characterized for its aneugenic activity in vitro. In vivo strong evidence of aneuploidy and polyploidy induction has been obtained in germ cells, especially in oocytes. More controversial are the data on the aneugenicity of griseofulvin in somatic cells. In this paper we provide evidence that GF induces non-disjunction and cell cycle delay in bone marrow cells of orally treated mice. Adult female mice were administered olive oil suspensions of 200, 666 or 2000 mg/kg GF by gavage and killed 18 or 24 h later. To minimize animal-to-animal variation in the absorption and distribution of GF, mice were fasted from the time of GF administration to the time of killing. Two hours before treatment the animals were s.c. implanted with a bromodeoxyuridine tablet to obtain differential chromatid staining and to determine the number of divisions after GF treatment for each metaphase. Mitostatic effects of GF were assessed by the relative proportions of first, second and third generation metaphases and the average generation time (AGT) method. A statistically significant increase with respect to the control AGT value was observed after treatment with 666 and 2000 mg/kg, suggesting that GF, as already shown in meiosis, interfered with cell cycle progression. Hyperploidy was scored in second generation metaphases. Eighteen hours after treatment, the frequencies of hyperploid cells were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in all GF-treated groups than in their matched control group. The effect was not dose-dependent. No further increase in aneuploidy was observed at 24 h, suggesting that cells overcoming mitotic arrest did not have a higher rate of non-disjunction. No induction of polyploidy was demonstrated. We conclude that GF induces mitotic delay and aneuploidy in mouse bone marrow and suggest that the protocol used to formulate the gavage suspensions and the after-treatment fasting of the animals enhanced the bioavailability of GF to bone marrow cells. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Mutagenesis is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cell division (Biology)
KW  - Fungicides
KW  - Chromosome numbers
KW  - Aneuploidy
KW  - Polyploidy
KW  - Mice as laboratory animals
KW  - Bone marrow cells
N1  - Accession Number: 44404309; Pacchierotti, Francesca 1; Email Address: pacchier@casaccia.enea.it; Bassani, Bruno 1; Marchetti, Francesco 2; Tiveron, Cecilia 3; Affiliations: 1: Section of Toxicology and Biomedical Sciences, ENEA CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00060 Santa Maria di Galeria, Roma, Italy; 2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-448, Livermore, CA, USA; 3: Centro Ricerca Sperimentale, Istituto Regina Elena, Roma, Italy; Issue Info: May2002, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p219; Thesaurus Term: Cell division (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Fungicides; Subject Term: Chromosome numbers; Subject Term: Aneuploidy; Subject Term: Polyploidy; Subject Term: Mice as laboratory animals; Subject Term: Bone marrow cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418390 Agricultural chemical and other farm supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eberling, Jamie L.
AU  - Roberts, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Taylor, Scott E.
AU  - VanBrocklin, Henry F.
AU  - O’Neil, James P.
AU  - Nordahl, Thomas E.
T1  - No effect of age and estrogen on aromatic L- amino acid decarboxylase activity in rhesus monkey brain
JO  - Neurobiology of Aging
JF  - Neurobiology of Aging
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 479
SN  - 01974580
AB  - A variety of studies have shown an effect of estrogen on dopamine function and suggest that estrogen may modulate central dopaminergic activity. Positron emission tomography (PET) and the dopamine metabolism tracer, [18F]6-fluoro-l-m-tyrosine (FMT) were used to evaluate dopaminergic function in the frontal cortex and striatum in six aged, but pre-menopausal, female monkeys before and after ovariectomy (OVX). Dynamic PET brain uptake data and metabolite-corrected blood input functions were fit to a three-compartment model for FMT uptake. Prior to OVX, all animals showed preferential accumulation of the tracer bilaterally in the striatum and less but measurable activity in the frontal cortex. Paired comparisons showed that there were no significant differences in FMT uptake (Ki) in either brain region before and after OVX. In addition, FMT uptake did not differ from a group of young adult female monkeys at either time point. These findings may represent a compensatory up-regulation of aromatic L- amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neurobiology of Aging is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTROGEN
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - EMISSION tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 7783246; Eberling, Jamie L. 1,2; Email Address: jleberling@lbl.gov Roberts, Jeffrey A. 3 Taylor, Scott E. 2 VanBrocklin, Henry F. 2 O’Neil, James P. 2 Nordahl, Thomas E. 2,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 94618, USA  2: Center for Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 94618, USA  4: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis, CA 94618 USA and Napa State Hospital, Napa, CA 94558 USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p479; Subject Term: ESTROGEN; Subject Term: DOPAMINE; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - AKOVALI, Y.A.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 242
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Information pertaining to the nuclear structure of all nuclei with mass number A=242 is presented. Various decay and reaction data are evaluated and compared. Adopted data, levels, spin, parity and configuration assignments are given. When there are insufficient data, expectations from systematics of nuclear properties or/and calculations are quoted. Theoretical investigations concerning nuclear structure and properties of A=242 nuclei, are briefly mentioned. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 8521125; AKOVALI, Y.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831--6371, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p177; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 63p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/ndsh.2002.0011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benson, Stephen V.
T1  - What have we learned from the kilowatt IR-FEL at Jefferson lab?
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Recent work at Jefferson Lab has demonstrated the concept of same cell energy recovery to attain high average power in a free-electron laser. Since this device was the first of its kind, we learned a great deal about how to design such systems as we learned to operate the prototype. We are in the process of building a laser with an average power in excess of 10 kW in the infrared and have point designs for even higher power.This work will summarize the problems which were thought to exist before the IR Demo lased and what we have learned since the laser operated successfully.The upgrade has its own challenges and these will be described along with the proposed solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - HIGH power lasers
KW  - High power
KW  - Mirror distortion
KW  - Power scaling
N1  - Accession Number: 7807680; Benson, Stephen V. 1; Email Address: felman@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Laboratory MS 6a, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: HIGH power lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: High power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mirror distortion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power scaling; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neil, George R.
T1  - Trends and opportunities in light source development
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
SN  - 01689002
AB  - After a decade of rather quiet growth for FELs there is now a lot of activity in the light-source community. This is the result of a combination of factors including successful operation of the third-generation light sources, the establishment of a very productive user community at both synchrotrons and FELs, and the continuing technical improvements of accelerators and related technology which allow even more challenging machines to be considered. There are a number of themes that carry this development including pushing wavelengths shorter, brightnesses higher, pulses shorter, increasing average power, and providing for multiple synchronized photon beams with multiple wavelengths. This talk will discuss some of the plans and proposals currently circulating and attempt to provide a glimpse into the near future of our field by illustrating the technologies that drive source development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - Free electron laser
KW  - Light sources
N1  - Accession Number: 7807682; Neil, George R. 1; Email Address: neil@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: Jefferson Laboratory, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, MS 6a, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p14; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Gluskin, E.
AU  - Arnold, N.D.
AU  - Benson, C.
AU  - Berg, W.
AU  - Biedron, S.G.
AU  - Borland, M.
AU  - Chae, Y.-C.
AU  - Dejus, R.J.
AU  - Hartog, P.K. Den
AU  - Deriy, B.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Eidelman, Y.I.
AU  - Hahne, M.W.
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Kim, K.-J.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Makarov, O.
T1  - Present status and recent results from the APS SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 40
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Low-Energy Undulator Test Line (LEUTL) at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, is intended to demonstrate the basic operation of a SASE-based free-electron laser. Goals include comparison of experimental results with theoretical predictions and scaling laws, identification of problems relevant to fourth-generation light source construction and operation and the means of addressing them, the development of operational and diagnostic techniques to optimize SASE FEL performance and increase repeatability from run to run, and performance of initial pioneering experiments capable of exploiting the unique properties of the laser.The basic layout and operational philosophy of the LEUTL experiment is presented. A summary of past results, including saturation, is reviewed, and a description of recent results is presented. We conclude with future plans, which include pressing to shorter wavelengths and incorporating user experiments into the LEUTL experimental program. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - ARGONNE (Ill.)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - FEL
KW  - SASE
KW  - Saturation
N1  - Accession Number: 7807687; Lewellen, J.W. 1; Email Address: lewellen@aps.anl.gov Milton, S.V. 1 Gluskin, E. 1 Arnold, N.D. 1 Benson, C. 1 Berg, W. 1 Biedron, S.G. 1,2 Borland, M. 1 Chae, Y.-C. 1 Dejus, R.J. 1 Hartog, P.K. Den 1 Deriy, B. 1 Erdmann, M. 1 Eidelman, Y.I. 1 Hahne, M.W. 1 Huang, Z. 1 Kim, K.-J. 1 Li, Y. 1 Lumpkin, A.H. 1 Makarov, O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, 401/B2207, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: MAX-Laboratory, University of Lund, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p40; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Subject Term: ARGONNE (Ill.); Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krinsky, S.
AU  - Gluckstern, R.L.
T1  - Statistical correlations and intensity spiking in the SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In the linear regime before saturation, we describe the statistical correlations in the narrow band chaotic output of the self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser. At a fixed position along the undulator axis, we derive joint probability distributions for the intensity in the output pulse to have values <f>I1</f> and <f>I2</f> at times <f>t1</f> and <f>t2</f>, and for the spectral intensity to have values <f>I˜1</f> and <f>I˜2</f> at frequencies <f>ω1</f> and <f>ω2</f>. Probability distributions for the peak values of intensity in the time and frequency domains are also determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - Intensity peaks
KW  - Joint probability distributions
KW  - Self-amplified spontaneous emission
KW  - Statistical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 7807690; Krinsky, S. 1; Email Address: krinsky@bnl.gov Gluckstern, R.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 725B, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intensity peaks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Joint probability distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-amplified spontaneous emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical analysis; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biedron, S.G.
AU  - Dejus, R.J.
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Sajaev, V.
AU  - Berg, W.
AU  - Borland, M.
AU  - Den Hartog, P.K.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Fawley, W.M.
AU  - Freund, H.P.
AU  - Gluskin, E.
AU  - Kim, K.–J.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Moog, E.R.
AU  - Nassiri, A.
AU  - Wiemerslage, G.
AU  - Yang, B.X.
T1  - Measurements of nonlinear harmonic generation at the Advanced Photon Source's SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 94
SN  - 01689002
AB  - SASE saturation was recently achieved at the Advanced Photon Source''s SASE FEL in the low-energy undulator test line at 530 nm and 385 nm. The electron beam microbunching becomes more and more prominent until saturation is achieved. This bunching causes nonlinear harmonic emission that extends the usefulness of a SASE system in achieving shorter FEL wavelengths for the same electron beam energy. We have investigated the intensity of the fundamental and second harmonic undulator radiation as a function of distance along the undulator line and present the experimental results and compare them to numerical simulations. In addition, we have measured the single-shot second harmonic spectra as well as the simultaneous fundamental and second harmonic spectra and present the experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Free-electron lasers
KW  - Frequency conversion
KW  - Harmonic generation
KW  - Intense particle beams and radiation sources
N1  - Accession Number: 7807696; Biedron, S.G. 1,2; Email Address: biedron@aps.anl.gov Dejus, R.J. 1 Huang, Z. 1 Milton, S.V. 1 Sajaev, V. 1 Berg, W. 1 Borland, M. 1 Den Hartog, P.K. 1 Erdmann, M. 1 Fawley, W.M. 3 Freund, H.P. 4 Gluskin, E. 1 Kim, K.–J. 1 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Li, Y. 1 Lumpkin, A.H. 1 Moog, E.R. 1 Nassiri, A. 1 Wiemerslage, G. 1 Yang, B.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA  2: MAX-Laboratory, University of Lund, SE-221 00 Sweden  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Science Applications International Corporation, McLean, VA 22102, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p94; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harmonic generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intense particle beams and radiation sources; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biedron, Sandra G.
AU  - Huang, Zhirong
AU  - Kim, Kwang-Je
AU  - Milton, Stephen
AU  - Dattoli, Giuseppe
AU  - Ottaviani, Pier Luigi
AU  - Renieri, Alberto
AU  - Fawley, William M.
AU  - Freund, Henry P.
AU  - Nuhn, Heinz-Dieter
T1  - The sensitivity of nonlinear harmonic generation to electron beam quality in free electron lasers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The generation of harmonics through a nonlinear mechanism driven by bunching at the fundamental has sparked interest as a path toward enhancing and extending the usefulness of an X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) facility. The sensitivity of the nonlinear harmonic generation to undulator imperfections, electron beam energy spread, peak current, and emittance is important in an evaluation of the process. Typically, linear instabilities in FELs are characterized by increased sensitivity to both electron beam and undulator quality with increasing harmonic number. However, since the nonlinear harmonic generation mechanism is driven by the growth of the fundamental, the sensitivity of the nonlinear harmonic mechanism is not expected to be significantly greater than that of the fundamental. In this paper, we study the effects of electron beam quality, more specifically, emittance, energy spread, and peak current, on the nonlinear harmonics in a 1.5-A˚ FEL, and show that the decline in the harmonic emission roughly follows that of the fundamental. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - Free-electron lasers
KW  - Frequency conversion
KW  - Harmonic generation
KW  - Intense particle beams and radiation sources
N1  - Accession Number: 7807697; Biedron, Sandra G. 1,2; Email Address: biedron@aps.anl.gov Huang, Zhirong 1 Kim, Kwang-Je 1 Milton, Stephen 1 Dattoli, Giuseppe 3 Ottaviani, Pier Luigi 4 Renieri, Alberto 3 Fawley, William M. 5 Freund, Henry P. 6 Nuhn, Heinz-Dieter 7; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: MAX-Laboratory, University of Lund, SE-221 00 Sweden  3: ENEA, Divisione Fisica Applicata, Centro Ricerche Frascati, C.P. 65, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy  4: ENEA, Divisione Fisica Applicata, Centro Ricerche E. Clementel, Via Don Fiammelli 2, Bologna, Italy  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Science Applications International Corporation, McLean, VA 22102, USA  7: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94309-0210, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p101; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harmonic generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intense particle beams and radiation sources; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Merminga, Lia
T1  - RF stability in energy recovering free electron lasers: theory and experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Phenomena that result from the interaction of the beam with the RF fields in superconducting cavities, and can potentially limit the performance of high average power Energy Recovering Free Electron Lasers (FELs), are reviewed. These phenomena include transverse and longitudinal multipass, multibunch beam breakup, longitudinal beam-loading type of instabilities and their interaction with the FEL, Higher Order Mode power dissipation and RF control issues. We present experimental data obtained at the Jefferson Lab IR FEL with average current up to 5 mA, compare with analytic calculations and simulations and extrapolate the performance of Energy Recovering FELs to much higher average currents, up to ∼100 mA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Energy recovery
KW  - Free electron lasers
KW  - Instabilities
KW  - Radio frequency
KW  - Recirculating linacs
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7807698; Merminga, Lia 1; Email Address: merminga@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, MS 6A, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p107; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radio frequency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recirculating linacs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blau, J.
AU  - Bouras, V.
AU  - Colson, W.B.
AU  - Polykandriotis, K.
AU  - Kalfoutzos, A.
AU  - Benson, S.V.
AU  - Neil, G.R.
T1  - Simulations of the 100 kW TJNAF FEL using a step-tapered undulator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 138
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF) free electron laser (FEL) can be upgraded to operate at 100 kW average power in the near future using a configuration that recirculates the electron beam to recover energy. It is important to extract the maximum energy from the electron beam in a pass through the undulator while inducing the minimum amount of exhaust energy spread. A larger energy extraction reduces the requirement for a large recirculating current, while a smaller exhaust energy spread allows the intense electron beam to be recirculated without damaging components. To improve FEL performance, we explore the use of the step-tapered undulator, which alters the resonance condition halfway through the undulator. Short pulses complicate the desired interaction. Comparisons are made to the conventional periodic and linearly-tapered undulators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Free-electron-laser
N1  - Accession Number: 7807704; Blau, J. 1 Bouras, V. 1 Colson, W.B. 1; Email Address: colson@nps.navy.mil Polykandriotis, K. 1 Kalfoutzos, A. 1 Benson, S.V. 2 Neil, G.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Naval Postgraduate School, 833 Dyer Road, Monterey, CA 93943, USA  2: Free Electron Laser Department, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p138; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron-laser; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blau, J.
AU  - Campbell, T.
AU  - Colson, W.B.
AU  - Ng, I.
AU  - Ossenfort, W.
AU  - Benson, S.V.
AU  - Neil, G.R.
AU  - Shinn, M.D.
T1  - Simulations of the 100 kW TJNAF FEL using a short Rayleigh length
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 142
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The TJNAF FEL can be upgraded to operate at 100 kW average power and then explore the use of a short Rayleigh length in order to reduce the power density on the resonator mirrors. The short Rayleigh length can only work with a relatively short undulator. Multimode simulations are used to self-consistently model the optical mode interaction with the electron beam. The steady-state resonator mode is affected by the complex, non-linear electron beam evolution as well as the resonator design. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Free-electron laser
N1  - Accession Number: 7807705; Blau, J. 1 Campbell, T. 1 Colson, W.B. 1; Email Address: colson@nps.navy.mil Ng, I. 1 Ossenfort, W. 1 Benson, S.V. 2 Neil, G.R. 2 Shinn, M.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Naval Postgraduate School, 833 Dyer road, Monterey, CA 93943, USA  2: Free Electron Laser Department, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p142; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borland, M.
AU  - Chae, Y.C.
AU  - Emma, P.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Bharadwaj, V.
AU  - Fawley, W.M.
AU  - Krejcik, P.
AU  - Limborg, C.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Nuhn, H.-D.
AU  - Soliday, R.
AU  - Woodley, M.
T1  - Start-to-end simulation of self-amplified spontaneous emission free electron lasers from the gun through the undulator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 268
SN  - 01689002
AB  - It is widely appreciated that the performance of self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron lasers (FELs) depends critically on the properties of the drive beam. In view of this, a multi-laboratory collaboration has explored methods and software tools for integrated simulation of the photoinjector, linear accelerator, bunch compressor, and FEL. Rather than create a single code to handle such a system, our goal has been a robust, generic solution wherein pre-existing simulation codes are used sequentially. We have standardized on the use of Argonne National Laboratory''s Self-Describing Data Sets file protocol for transfer of data among codes. The simulation codes used are PARMELA, elegant, and GENESIS. We describe the software methodology and its advantages, then provide examples involving Argonne''s Low-Energy Undulator Test Line and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center''s Linac Coherent Light Source. We also indicate possible future direction of this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - LASERS
KW  - Accelerator stability modeling
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - Integrated accelerator modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 7807732; Borland, M. 1; Email Address: borland@aps.anl.gov Chae, Y.C. 1 Emma, P. 2 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Bharadwaj, V. 2 Fawley, W.M. 3 Krejcik, P. 2 Limborg, C. 2 Milton, S.V. 1 Nuhn, H.-D. 2 Soliday, R. 1 Woodley, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p268; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: LASERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator stability modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Integrated accelerator modeling; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yakimenko, Vitaly
AU  - Babzien, Marcus
AU  - Ben-Zvi, Ilan
AU  - Malone, Robert
AU  - Wang, Xijie
T1  - Submicron emittance and ultra small beam size measurements at ATF
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper covers improvements to a photoinjector that lead to the realization and measurement of submicron normalized emittance for a 0.5 nC electron beam at the Brookhaven Accelerator Test Facility. A fitting procedure utilizing beam size measurements from multiple beam profile monitors along the transport line was used instead of more traditional techniques. Such a small emittance beam in combination with a tight focusing scheme allowed us to achieve 10 μm RMS beam sizes at 60 MeV. The behavior and limitations of different BPM screens is compared for such beams. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Free-electron laser
N1  - Accession Number: 7807734; Yakimenko, Vitaly; Email Address: yakimenko@bnl.gov Babzien, Marcus 1 Ben-Zvi, Ilan 1 Malone, Robert 1 Wang, Xijie 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p277; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wootton, A.
AU  - Arthur, J.
AU  - Barbee, T.
AU  - Bionta, R.
AU  - Jankowski, A.
AU  - London, R.
AU  - Ryutov, D.
AU  - Shepherd, R.
AU  - Shlyaptsev, V.
AU  - Tatchyn, R.
AU  - Toor, A.
T1  - Research and development for X-ray optics and diagnostics on the linac coherent light source (LCLS)
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Linac Coherent Light Source is a 1.5–15 A˚-wavelength free-electron laser (FEL), currently proposed for the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The photon output consists of high brightness, transversely coherent pulses with duration <300 fs, together with a broad spontaneous spectrum with total power comparable to the coherent output. The output fluence, and pulse duration, pose special challenges for optical component and diagnostic designs. We first discuss the specific requirements for the initial scientific experiments, and our proposed solutions. We then describe the supporting research and development program that includes: experimental and theoretical material damage studies; high-resolution multilayer design, fabrication, and testing; replicated closed-form optics design and manufacturing; BeB manufacturing; and low-Z Fresnel lens design, fabrication and testing. Finally, some novel concepts for optical components are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - Fourth generation light source
KW  - LCLS
N1  - Accession Number: 7807748; Wootton, A. 1; Email Address: wootton1@llnl.gov Arthur, J. 2 Barbee, T. 1 Bionta, R. 1 Jankowski, A. 1 London, R. 1 Ryutov, D. 1 Shepherd, R. 1 Shlyaptsev, V. 1 Tatchyn, R. 2 Toor, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p345; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourth generation light source; Author-Supplied Keyword: LCLS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasserman, Isaac
AU  - Sasaki, Shigemi
AU  - Dejus, Roger
AU  - Moog, Elizabeth
AU  - Trakhtenberg, Emil
AU  - Vinokurov, Nikolai
T1  - Measurement, sorting and tuning of LCLS undulator magnets
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Currently, a Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) prototype undulator is under construction. The prototype is a 3.4-m-long hybrid-type undulator with fixed gap of 6 mm. The period length is 30 mm and the number of poles is 226. For this undulator, 450 NdFeB magnet blocks are used. This project does not have demanding requirements for multipole component errors, but the field strength at <f>x=0</f> should be as precise as possible to provide proper particle steering and phase errors. The first set of magnetic blocks has been measured. The strength and direction of magnetization of the magnet blocks are measured using a Helmholtz coil system. In addition to this, Hall probe measurements are performed for magnet blocks while they are mounted in a specially designed cassette with vanadium-permendur poles. The magnet blocks will be sorted using these data to minimize errors. Computer simulations show that magnets may be sorted in decreasing strengths with little or no additional tuning of the undulators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - FEL
KW  - Udulator
N1  - Accession Number: 7807755; Vasserman, Isaac; Email Address: isaac@aps.anl.gov Sasaki, Shigemi 1 Dejus, Roger 1 Moog, Elizabeth 1 Trakhtenberg, Emil 1 Vinokurov, Nikolai; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Facilities Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 401, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p383; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Udulator; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Dejus, R.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Berg, W.
AU  - Biedron, S.
AU  - Borland, M.
AU  - Chae, Y.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Kim, K.-J.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Moog, E.
AU  - Rule, D.W.
AU  - Sajaev, V.
AU  - Yang, B.X.
T1  - Comprehensive z-dependent measurements of electron-beam microbunching using COTR in a saturated SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 394
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report the initial, comprehensive set of z-dependent measurements of electron-beam microbunching using coherent optical transition radiation (COTR) in a saturated self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL) experiment. In this case the FEL was operated near 530 nm using an enhanced facility including a bunch-compressed photocathode gun electron beam, linac, and 21.6 m of undulator length. The longitudinal microbunching was tracked by inserting a metal foil and mirror after each of the nine 2.4-m-long undulators and measuring the visible COTR spectra, intensity, angular, distribution, and spot size. We observed for the first time the z-dependent transition of the COTR spectra from simple lines to complex structure/sidebands near saturation. We also observed the change in the microbunching fraction after saturation, multiple fringes in the COTR interferogram that are consistent with involvement of a smaller core of the e-beam transverse distribution, and the second harmonic content of the microbunching. The results will be compared to relevant calculations using GENESIS and/or GINGER. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Coherent transition radiation
KW  - Electron beam
KW  - FEL
KW  - Microbunching
KW  - SASE
N1  - Accession Number: 7807757; Lumpkin, A.H.; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov Dejus, R. 1 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Berg, W. 1 Biedron, S. 1 Borland, M. 1 Chae, Y. 1 Erdmann, M. 1 Huang, Z. 1 Kim, K.-J. 1 Li, Y. 1 Milton, S.V. 1 Moog, E. 1 Rule, D.W. Sajaev, V. 1 Yang, B.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, Bldg. 32, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p394; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent transition radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Berg, W.
AU  - Biedron, S.
AU  - Borland, M.
AU  - Dejus, R.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Moog, E.
AU  - Sajaev, V.
AU  - Yang, B.X.
T1  - First observations of electron-beam microbunching in the deep ultraviolet at 265 nm using COTR in a SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 402
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We have recently extended our microbunching experiments in a self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser using coherent optical transition radiation (COTR) to the deep ultraviolet wavelengths (265 nm) for the first time. These experiments were performed as a complement to the Advanced Photon Source SASE FEL project''s thrust to shorter wavelengths. In order to do this, the optical diagnostics have been modified to include UV-sensitive cameras, and an optical transport has been installed that involves sets of mirrors and UV–visible lens pairs after each undulator. These optics provide transport to the in-tunnel Oriel UV–visible spectrometer. Since this is an imaging spectrometer, both spectral and <f>x/y</f>-plane spatial information are simultaneously available by performing the projections of the images on the x- and y-axis. The initial angular distribution data and beam size data have been obtained in a z-dependent manner by sampling after every other undulator, or every 4.8 m at four z locations. Experiments with sampling of the COTR angular distribution and spectra after each of eight undulators are planned. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Coherent transition radiation
KW  - Electron beam
KW  - FEL
KW  - Microbunching
KW  - SASE
N1  - Accession Number: 7807758; Lumpkin, A.H.; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov Berg, W. 1 Biedron, S. 1 Borland, M. 1 Dejus, R. 1 Erdmann, M. 1 Huang, Z. 1 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Li, Y. 1 Milton, S.V. 1 Moog, E. 1 Sajaev, V. 1 Yang, B.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 32, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p402; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent transition radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Den Hartog, P.
AU  - Moog, E.
AU  - Benson, C.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Lumpkin, A.
AU  - Makarov, O.
AU  - Petra, M.
AU  - Tieman, B.
AU  - Trakhtenberg, E.
AU  - Wiemerslage, G.
T1  - UV–VUV diagnostics for the Advanced Photon Source SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 407
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Advanced Photon Source self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL) uses diagnostics between undulator sections to characterize the light and the electron beam. These diagnostics enable <f>z</f>-dependent measurements of the exponential growth of the radiation and of the microbunching. The original diagnostics were designed for visible light. To enable measurements down to 265 nm, UV-enhanced cameras and fused-silica lenses have been installed. We have now designed a diagnostics suite that will enable us to continue measurements down to 50 nm using reflective optics and back-illuminated CCD cameras operating in vacuum. We describe the enhancements to the diagnostics for operation in the UV and VUV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - APS
KW  - FEL
KW  - Free-electron
KW  - Laser
KW  - SASE
KW  - VUV
N1  - Accession Number: 7807759; Den Hartog, P.; Email Address: pdenhartog@anl.gov Moog, E. 1 Benson, C. 1 Erdmann, M. 1 Lumpkin, A. 1 Makarov, O. 1 Petra, M. 1 Tieman, B. 1 Trakhtenberg, E. 1 Wiemerslage, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Class Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p407; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: APS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE; Author-Supplied Keyword: VUV; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faatz, B.
AU  - Fateev, A.A.
AU  - Feldhaus, J.
AU  - Gerth, Ch.
AU  - Hahn, U.
AU  - Jastrow, U.
AU  - Krzywinski, J.
AU  - Lebedev, N.I.
AU  - Lewellen, J.
AU  - Malkinski, L.
AU  - Meschkat, M.
AU  - Petrov, V.A.
AU  - Rossbach, J.
AU  - Rukoyatkina, T.V.
AU  - Saldin, E.L.
AU  - Schneidmiller, E.A.
AU  - Schreiber, S.
AU  - Sedykh, S.N.
AU  - Shvetsov, V.S.
AU  - Sobierajski, R.
T1  - Alignment of the optical feedback system of VUV regenerative FEL amplifier at the TESLA test facility at DESY
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 412
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In this paper, we describe optical feedback system of VUV Regenerative FEL Amplifier (RAFEL) at the TESLA test facility at DESY. The aim of the RAFEL experiment is to construct fully coherent, tunable VUV radiation source by means of applying narrow-band optical feedback in the VUV SASE FEL operating currently at DESY. One of the problem of the realization of the RAFEL is severe requirements for the angular stability of the optical elements (about few microradians). This problem has been solved by means of installation of active alignment system with reference laser. Another problem is alignment of optical elements separated by <f>65 m</f> within complicated experimental conditions connected with aperture limitations (down to <f>6 mm)</f>. This problem has been solved in two steps. Preliminary alignment with an accuracy of about <f>80 μrad</f> has been performed with laser alignment system and OTR screens used at the TTF accelerator for electron beam diagnostics. Final alignment has been performed with VUV SASE FEL radiation. Measured feedback coefficient is about 1 percent and is in agreement with the designed value. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - Free electron laser
KW  - UV-radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 7807760; Faatz, B. 1 Fateev, A.A. 2 Feldhaus, J. 1 Gerth, Ch. 1 Hahn, U. 1 Jastrow, U. 1 Krzywinski, J. 3 Lebedev, N.I. 2 Lewellen, J. 4 Malkinski, L. 3 Meschkat, M. 1 Petrov, V.A. 2 Rossbach, J. 1 Rukoyatkina, T.V. 2 Saldin, E.L. 1 Schneidmiller, E.A. 1; Email Address: schneidm@mail.desy.de Schreiber, S. 1 Sedykh, S.N. 2 Shvetsov, V.S. 2 Sobierajski, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany  2: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141980 Moscow Region, Russia  3: Institute of Physics PAS, Warszava, Poland  4: Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p412; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: UV-radiation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tischer, M.
AU  - Ilinski, P.
AU  - Hahn, U.
AU  - Pflüger, J.
AU  - Schulte-Schrepping, H.
T1  - Photon diagnostics for the X-ray FELs at TESLA
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 418
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An X-ray diagnostic station will be installed for each of the XFEL undulator beamlines at TESLA. Primary purpose of the X-ray diagnostics is to provide an additional tool for alignment and commissioning of the numerous undulator cells along an XFEL beamline independently from electron-beam-based alignment procedures. Both methods will complement one another. The X-ray diagnostic station will be a sensitive instrument generating essential input for the undulator control system. The diagnostic station will be located about 120 m downstream from the last undulator cell. Total flux measurements will verify the XFEL''s gain. Analysis of the spectral and spatial distribution of the spontaneous radiation of individual or several consecutive undulator segments will be used to optimize angle and position of the electron beam trajectory, to verify the magnetic gap, and to adjust the phase match between two undulator segments. The two latter purposes cannot be served by electron-beam-based alignment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PHOTON beams
KW  - Imaging optics
KW  - Phase tuning
KW  - Photon beam characterization
KW  - Trajectory alignment
KW  - X-ray free electron laser
N1  - Accession Number: 7807761; Tischer, M. 1; Email Address: markus.tischer@desy.de Ilinski, P. 2 Hahn, U. 1 Pflüger, J. 1 Schulte-Schrepping, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor HASYLAB, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p418; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PHOTON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase tuning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon beam characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trajectory alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray free electron laser; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zolotorev, M.
T1  - Laser driven attosecond SASE X-ray FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Modern lasers with emission wavelengths ∼1 μm can be used as electromagnetic wigglers and have sufficient output power to obtain wiggler parameters K (normalized vector potential) close to unity. With this kind of wiggler, in order to make a 10-keV X-ray SASE FEL, electron beam energies of ∼25 MeV are sufficient. In this presentation, scaling laws for the operation of FELs will be discussed. Using these scaling laws, requirements for electron sources will be obtained. The required electron beams must be about six orders of magnitude brighter than those available with existing sources. We propose a novel source based on vacuum laser pondermotive acceleration that will produce an electron beam meeting these requirements. This opens up a realistic possibility of realizing the dream of a “table top” X-ray SASE FEL. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - X-rays
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - 3D-SASE FEL
KW  - Attosecond
KW  - Bright source
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 7807766; Zolotorev, M. 1; Email Address: max_zolotorev@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p445; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D-SASE FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Attosecond; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bright source; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, Li Hua
AU  - Wu, Juhao
T1  - Theory of high gain harmonic generation: an analytical estimate
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We discuss the theory of the High Gain Harmonic Generation (HGHG). First, we describe an analytical estimate using the HGHG parameters in the DUVFEL project at BNL as an example. We show that the effective energy spread in a chicane dispersion section is found to be very small, and the effect of finite emittance can be neglected during the calculation of coherent harmonic generation. Then we discuss some issues such as the intensity stability, and how to use HGHG to obtain information about local energy spread. We compare these issues with recent experimental results in the infrared. We discuss some of the key issues in the cascading HGHG scheme and its possible limitations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - LASERS
KW  - Free electron laser
N1  - Accession Number: 7807776; Yu, Li Hua; Email Address: lhyu@bnl.gov Wu, Juhao 1; Affiliation:  1: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, ATF, Bldg 725C, Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p493; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: LASERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron laser; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Zhirong
AU  - Kim, Kwang-Je
T1  - Transverse and temporal characteristics of a high-gain free-electron laser in the saturation regime
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 504
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The transverse and the temporal characteristics of a high-gain free-electron laser are governed by refractive guiding and sideband instability, respectively. Using the self-consistent Vlasov–Maxwell equations, we explicitly determine the effective index of refraction and the guided radiation mode for an electron beam with arbitrary transverse size. Electrons trapped by the guided radiation execute synchrotron oscillation and hence are susceptible to the sideband instability. We explain the spectral evolution and determine the sideband growth rate. These theoretical predictions agree well with GINGER simulation results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - Refractive guiding
KW  - Saturation
KW  - Sideband instability
N1  - Accession Number: 7807778; Huang, Zhirong; Email Address: zrh@aps.anl.gov Kim, Kwang-Je 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p504; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Refractive guiding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sideband instability; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xie, Ming
T1  - New mechanisms of interaction for even harmonic generation in free electron lasers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A systematic search for new mechanisms of interaction is carried out by including electromagnetic field components that were previously neglected in FEL theory. Two new mechanisms are discovered that have major effect on even harmonic generation in FELs with planar wiggler. A classification of mechanisms of interaction is introduced and a new formulation of FEL equations is developed in order to treat the more complicated new phenomena. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - Even harmonics
KW  - Longitudinal coupling
KW  - Vector wave equation
N1  - Accession Number: 7807782; Xie, Ming 1; Email Address: mingxie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 71-259, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p527; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Even harmonics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Longitudinal coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vector wave equation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fawley, William M.
AU  - Huang, Zhirong
AU  - Kim, Kwang-Je
AU  - Vinokurov, Nikolai A.
T1  - Tapered undulators for SASE FELs
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 483
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We discuss the use of tapered undulators to enhance the performance of free-electron lasers (FELs) based upon self-amplified spontaneous emission, where the radiation tends to have a relatively broad bandwidth and limited temporal coherence. Using the polychromatic FEL simulation code GINGER, we numerically demonstrate the effectiveness of tapered undulators for parameters corresponding to the Argonne low-energy undulator test line FEL and the proposed linac coherent light source. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - Self-amplified spontaneous emission
KW  - Tapered undulator
N1  - Accession Number: 7807785; Fawley, William M. 1 Huang, Zhirong 2; Email Address: zrh@aps.anl.gov Kim, Kwang-Je 2 Vinokurov, Nikolai A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 11 Ac. Lavrentyev Prosp., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 1/2, p537; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-amplified spontaneous emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tapered undulator; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDaniel, F.D.
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
AU  - Seager, C.H.
AU  - Walsh, D.S.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Brice, D.K.
AU  - Yang, C.
AU  - Rossi, P.
AU  - Nigam, M.
AU  - El Bouanani, M.
AU  - Ravi Prasad, G.V.
AU  - Schwartz, J.C.
AU  - Mitchell, L.T.
AU  - Duggan, J.L.
T1  - Ionoluminescence decay measured with single ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A new ion beam analysis-based, single ion technique called the time to first photon has been developed to measure the decay of the luminescence signal of phosphors. Such measurements are currently needed to study luminescence decay mechanisms following high-density excitations and to identify strongly luminescent phosphor coatings with short lifetimes for ion photon emission microscopy (IPEM). The samples for this technique consist of thin phosphor layers placed or coated on the surface of PIN diodes. Single ions from an accelerator strike this sample and simultaneously create ion beam induced luminescence (IBIL) from the phosphor that is measured by a single-photon-detector, and an ion beam induced charge collection (IBICC) signal in the PIN diode. In this case, the IBICC signal provides the start pulse and the IBIL signal the stop pulse to a time to amplitude converter. It is straightforward to show that this approach also measures a signal proportional to activity versus time with an accuracy of 5% as long as the number of detected photons per ion is less than 0.1, which usually requires the use of absorbers for the IBIL detector or electronic discrimination for the IBIL signals. Details of the new analysis are given together with examples of luminescence decay measurements of several ceramic phosphors being considered to coat IPEM samples. IPEM is currently being developed at Sandia National Laboratory (SNL), the University of North Texas in Denton, and the Universities and INFN of Padova and Torino. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Ion beam induced charge collection
KW  - Ion beam induced luminescence
KW  - Ion photon emission microscope
KW  - Ionoluminescence
KW  - Luminescence, scanning nuclear microprobe, nuclear microprobe analysis
KW  - Phosphors
N1  - Accession Number: 7797163; McDaniel, F.D. 1; Email Address: mcdaniel@unt.edu Doyle, B.L. 2 Seager, C.H. 2 Walsh, D.S. 2 Vizkelethy, G. 2 Brice, D.K. 2 Yang, C. 1; Email Address: c.yang@physics.unimelb.edu.au Rossi, P. 3 Nigam, M. 1; Email Address: mohit.nigam@kla-tencor.com El Bouanani, M. 1 Ravi Prasad, G.V. 1 Schwartz, J.C. 1 Mitchell, L.T. 1 Duggan, J.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, P.O. Box 311427, Denton, TX 76203-1427, USA  2: Radiation-Solid Interactions and Processing Department 1111,MS 1056, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1056, USA  3: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and INFN, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam induced charge collection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam induced luminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion photon emission microscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Luminescence, scanning nuclear microprobe, nuclear microprobe analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Walsh, D.S.
AU  - Swenson, D.
T1  - Axial ion–electron emission microscopy of IC radiation hardness
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A new system for performing radiation effects microscopy (REM) has been developed at Sandia National Laboratory in Albuquerque. This system combines two entirely new concepts in accelerator physics and nuclear microscopy. A radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) linac is used to boost the energy of ions accelerated by a conventional Tandem Van de Graaff–Pelletron to velocities of 1.9 MeV/amu. The electronic stopping power for heavy ions is near a maximum at this velocity, and their range is <f>∼</f>20 <f>μ</f>m in Si. These ions therefore represent the most ionizing form of radiation in nature, and are nearly ideal for performing single event effects testing of integrated circuits. Unfortunately, the energy definition of the RFQ-boosted ions is rather poor (<f>∼</f> a few %), which makes problematic the focussing of such ions to the submicron spots required for REM. To circumvent this problem, we have invented ion electron emission microscopy (IEEM). One can perform REM with the IEEM system without focussing or scanning the ion beam. This is because the position on the sample where each ion strikes is determined by projecting ion-induced secondary electrons at high magnification onto a single electron position sensitive detector. This position signal is then correlated with each REM event. The IEEM system is now mounted along the beam line in an axial geometry so that the ions pass right through the electron detector (which is annular), and all of the electrostatic lenses used for projection. The beam then strikes the sample at normal incidence which results in maximum ion penetration and removes a parallax problem experienced in an earlier system. Details of both the RFQ-booster and the new axial IEEM system are given together with some of the initial results of performing REM on Sandia-manufactured radiation hardened integrated circuits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - HEAVY ion accelerators
KW  - Ion beam induced charge collection
KW  - Ion electron emission microscope
KW  - Nuclear microprobe analysis
KW  - Radiation effects microscopy
KW  - Radio frequency quadrupole
N1  - Accession Number: 7797165; Doyle, B.L. 1; Email Address: bldoyle@sandia.gov Vizkelethy, G. 1 Walsh, D.S. 1 Swenson, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Org. 1111 MS-1056, P.O. Box 5000, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1056, USA  2: Linac Systems, 1208 Marigold Dr NE, Albuquerque, NM 87122, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p19; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: HEAVY ion accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam induced charge collection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion electron emission microscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear microprobe analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radio frequency quadrupole; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, B.V.
AU  - Savina, M.R.
AU  - Tripa, C.E.
AU  - Calaway, W.F.
AU  - Veryovkin, I.V.
AU  - Moore, J.F.
AU  - Pellin, M.J.
T1  - Single photon ionisation of self assembled monolayers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Self assembled monolayers formed from benzenethiol, diphenylsulphide and diphenyldisulphide have been analysed using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), sputter neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) and laser desorption photoionisation mass spectrometry (LDPI). The peak corresponding to the parent ion was much stronger in LDPI than with SIMS or SNMS analysis and fragmentation was lower. A useful yield of order 0.5% was obtained for LDPI from diphenyldisulphide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - Laser desorption
KW  - Photoionisation
KW  - SIMS
KW  - SNMS
N1  - Accession Number: 7797201; King, B.V. 1; Email Address: phbvk@alinga.newcastle.edu.au Savina, M.R. 2 Tripa, C.E. 2 Calaway, W.F. 2 Veryovkin, I.V. 2 Moore, J.F. 2 Pellin, M.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, Australia  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p203; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SNMS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Devanathan, R.
T1  - Ion–solid interactions and defects in silicon carbide
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Experimental and computational approaches are used to study the defects, defect clusters and long-range structural disorder produced by interaction of energetic ions with silicon carbide (SiC). The accumulation and recovery of disorder on the Si and C sublattices are determined by ion-beam analysis methods in channeling geometry. Ab initio calculations have determined the most stable interstitial configurations, which are consistent with multi-axial channeling measurements. Molecular dynamics (MD) methods have been used to study both the energy dependence of defect production and the dynamic processes of cascade overlap. The experimental measurements of damage accumulation and the results of MD are consistent with each other. Thus, the integration of experimental and computational studies is providing atomic-level understanding of irradiation-induced defects and disordering processes in SiC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ION channels
KW  - Amorphization
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Defects
KW  - Ion-channeling
KW  - Radiation effects
KW  - Silicon carbide
N1  - Accession Number: 7797213; Weber, W.J. 1; Email Address: bill.weber@pnl.gov Jiang, W. 1 Gao, F. 1 Devanathan, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p261; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ION channels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-channeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Verda, R.D.
AU  - Tesmer, J.R.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Bower, R.W.
T1  - Accurate hydrogen depth profiling by reflection elastic recoil detection analysis
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A technique to convert reflection elastic recoil detection analysis spectra to depth profiles, the channel-depth conversion, was introduced by Verda et al. [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 183 (2001) 401]. But the channel-depth conversion does not correct for energy spread, the unwanted broadening in the energy of the spectra, which can lead to errors in depth profiling. A work in progress introduces a technique that corrects for energy spread in elastic recoil detection analysis spectra, the energy spread correction [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 187 (2002) 383]. Together, the energy spread correction and the channel-depth conversion comprise an accurate and convenient hydrogen depth profiling method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - Depth profiling
KW  - Energy calibration
KW  - Energy spread
KW  - Geometric alignment
N1  - Accession Number: 7797244; Verda, R.D. 1; Email Address: verda@lanl.gov Tesmer, J.R. 1 Nastasi, M. 1 Bower, R.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p419; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depth profiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy spread; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geometric alignment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Höchbauer, T.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Verda, R.D.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Henttinen, K.
AU  - Suni, I.
AU  - Lau, S.S.
AU  - Mayer, J.W.
T1  - The use of ion channeling and elastic recoil detection in determining the mechanism of cleavage in the ion-cut process
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 592
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Hydrogen ion implantation in Si has been shown to be an effective means of inducing cleavage in Si and facilitating the transfer of thin slices to other substrates, a process known as ion-cut. In our experiments silicon wafers were implanted with 40 keV protons to a variety of ion doses ranging from <f>5×1016</f> to <f>1×1017</f> <f>cm−2</f> and subsequently annealed at 600 °C. Under all of these conditions ion-cutting in the form of “popping off” discrete blisters was obtained. The cleavage mechanisms in these samples were studied through the combined use of Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy in channeling mode, elastic recoil detection analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Our analyses had shown that the cleavage location in Si is largely controlled by the lattice damage that is generated by the H-implantation process. At lower H doses, the cut location is well correlated with the damage peak and can be explained by damage-induced in-plane stress and the corresponding out-of-plane strain. However, at higher implantation doses the ion-cut location shifts to a portion of the crystal which contains lower damage and sufficient concentration of H. This effect can be explained by the changing fracture mechanics at high H concentrations in heavily damaged Si. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - SILICON
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - Fracture mechanics
KW  - Implantation
KW  - Ion-cut
KW  - Silicon on insulator
N1  - Accession Number: 7797282; Höchbauer, T. 1; Email Address: hoechbauer@lanl.gov Nastasi, M. 1 Verda, R.D. 1 Misra, A. 1 Henttinen, K. 2 Suni, I. 2 Lau, S.S. 3 Mayer, J.W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: VTT Electronics, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland  3: University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA  4: Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p592; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-cut; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon on insulator; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
T1  - Deuterium channeling study of disorder in Al<f>22+</f>-implanted 6H-SiC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 636
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Single crystal 6H-SiC wafers have been irradiated 60<f>°</f> off normal at 150, 190, 250 and 295 K using 1.1 MeV Al<f>22+</f> ions over fluences from 0.15 to 2.85 ions/nm<f>2</f>. The accumulation and recovery of disorder on both the Si and C sublattices have been measured simultaneously using in situ 0.94 MeV D<f>+</f> Rutherford backscattering <f>28</f>Si(<f>d,d</f>)<f>28</f>Si and nuclear reaction <f>12</f>C(<f>d,p</f>)<f>13</f>C along the <f>〈0 0 0 1〉</f>-axial channeling direction. The behavior of disorder accumulation and recovery on the Si and C sublattices is similar. The data suggest that a dynamic recovery stage occurs between irradiation temperatures of 190 and 250 K. At intermediate doses, isochronal annealing (20 min) results show that significant thermal recovery occurs between 420 and 720 K. Complete recovery is not observed by thermal annealing up to the highest temperature (870 K) used in this study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - 6H-SiC
KW  - Disorder accumulation and recovery
KW  - Ion-beam irradiation
KW  - RBS and NRA channeling analyses
N1  - Accession Number: 7797291; Jiang, W.; Email Address: weilin.jiang@pnl.gov Weber, W.J. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Shutthanandan, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p636; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Author-Supplied Keyword: 6H-SiC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disorder accumulation and recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-beam irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: RBS and NRA channeling analyses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henttinen, K.
AU  - Suni, T.
AU  - Nurmela, A.
AU  - Suni, I.
AU  - Lau, S.S.
AU  - Höchbauer, T.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Airaksinen, V.-M.
T1  - Cold ion-cutting of hydrogen implanted Si
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 761
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The strength of the H-implanted layer has been measured in <f>〈1 0 0〉</f>, <f>〈1 1 1〉</f> and <f>〈1 1 0〉</f> oriented Si wafers using the crack opening method. The required annealing temperature for mechanical layer transfer increases in the order <f>〈1 0 0〉</f>, <f>〈1 1 1〉</f> and <f>〈1 1 0〉</f>. The damage induced by the implantation has been studied by Rutherford backscattering in the channeling mode (RBS/C). The same methods have been used to investigate the influence of boron and arsenic doping on the mechanical exfoliation. Boron doping reduces the strength of the H-implanted layer thereby enabling mechanical layer transfer at temperatures below 200 <f>°</f>C. We found that the exfoliation takes place closer to the wafer surface in highly boron doped Si as compared to the undoped Si. The RBS damage peak also appears to move closer to the surface when the boron concentration of the H-implanted layer is <f>></f>10<f>19</f> cm<f>−3</f>. No lowering of the exfoliation temperature was observed for compensated and arsenic doped Si layers. We suggest that the lowering of the exfoliation temperature with increasing boron doping is related to Si–H bonds associated with the neutralization of shallow acceptors by hydrogen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ION channels
KW  - Hydrogen implantation
KW  - Ion channeling
KW  - Silicon on insulator
KW  - Wafer bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 7797317; Henttinen, K. 1; Email Address: kimmo.henttinen@vtt.fi Suni, T. 1 Nurmela, A. 1 Suni, I. 1; Email Address: ilkka.suni@vtt.fi Lau, S.S. 2 Höchbauer, T. 3 Nastasi, M. 3 Airaksinen, V.-M. 4; Affiliation:  1: VTT Centre for Microelectronics, Teknii–kantıe 17, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0407, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Okmetic Oyj, FIN-01510 Vantaa, Finland; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p761; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ION channels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion channeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon on insulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wafer bonding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Azevedo, G. de M.
AU  - Ridgway, M.C.
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Glover, C.J.
AU  - Foran, G.J.
T1  - Structural characterization of amorphised InAs with synchrotron radiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 851
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements have been utilized to determine the structural parameters of InAs amorphised by ion implantation. Relative to crystalline standards, increases in bond length and Debye–Waller factor were apparent. Our results indicate that a total coordination number of four atoms, as observed in the crystalline phase, is retained in the amorphous material. Furthermore, homopolar bonding, forbidden in the crystalline phase, is present in the amorphous material and, apparently, in amorphous III–V semiconductors in general. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - Amorphous solids
KW  - EXAFS
KW  - InAs
KW  - Ion implantation
N1  - Accession Number: 7797336; Azevedo, G. de M. 1; Email Address: gma109@rsphysse.anu.edu.au Ridgway, M.C. 1 Yu, K.M. 2 Glover, C.J. 3 Foran, G.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: MAX-Lab/Uppsala University, Lund, Sweden  4: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Menai, Australia; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p851; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: EXAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: InAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ishimaru, Manabu
AU  - Bae, In-Tae
AU  - Ohkubo, Tadakatsu
AU  - Hirotsu, Yoshihiko
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
T1  - Characterization of ion-beam-induced amorphous structures by advanced electron microscopy
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 882
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Ion-beam-induced amorphous structures of silicon carbide (SiC) have been characterized by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. Single crystals of 6H–SiC with [0 0 0 1] orientation were irradiated with 180 keV oxygen ions at elevated temperature to a fluence of <f>1.4×1018</f> O<f>+</f>/cm<f>2</f>. It was found that a layered amorphous structure is formed inside the irradiated crystal. The intensities of halo patterns obtained by nano-beam electron diffraction techniques were analyzed quantitatively using imaging plates as a recording material. Pair distribution functions extracted by Fourier transforming nano-beam electron diffraction patterns indicated that the layered amorphous structure is due to compositional variations of silicon, carbon, and oxygen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Amorphous
KW  - Nano-beam electron diffraction
KW  - Semiconductor-on-insulator
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7797343; Ishimaru, Manabu 1; Email Address: ishimaru@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp Bae, In-Tae 2 Ohkubo, Tadakatsu 1 Hirotsu, Yoshihiko 1 Sickafus, Kurt E. 3; Affiliation:  1: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan  3: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p882; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano-beam electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor-on-insulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chapman, H.N.
AU  - Nugent, K.A.
T1  - X-ray pulse compression using strained crystals
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 205
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
SN  - 00304018
AB  - The use of strained crystals to time-compress chirped X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) pulses is proposed. The chirped beam diffracts from a crystal in which the strain varies with depth. Low-Z crystals are favored to reduce absorption over the required path lengths and small Bragg angles are favored to increase the diffraction efficiency of the strained crystal. The best compression ratios found for a 230 fs, 0.5% chirped beam at a wavelength of 1.54 A˚ are achieved with graphite and diamond crystals. The calculations indicate for graphite that the pulse may be compressed in time by a factor of up to 10 with an efficiency such that this produces 6.8 times as many photons as a comparable time-slicing method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PULSED nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - Chirped pulse
KW  - FEL
KW  - Pulse compression
KW  - Strain gradient
N1  - Accession Number: 7800666; Chapman, H.N. 1; Email Address: chapman9@llnl.gov Nugent, K.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., 3010, Australia; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 205 Issue 4-6, p351; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PULSED nuclear magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chirped pulse; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse compression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain gradient; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allcock, Bill
AU  - Bester, Joe
AU  - Bresnahan, John
AU  - Chervenak, Ann L.
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Kesselman, Carl
AU  - Meder, Sam
AU  - Nefedova, Veronika
AU  - Quesnel, Darcy
AU  - Tuecke, Steven
T1  - Data management and transfer in high-performance computational grid environments
JO  - Parallel Computing
JF  - Parallel Computing
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 749
SN  - 01678191
AB  - An emerging class of data-intensive applications involve the geographically dispersed extraction of complex scientific information from very large collections of measured or computed data. Such applications arise, for example, in experimental physics, where the data in question is generated by accelerators, and in simulation science, where the data is generated by supercomputers. So-called Data Grids provide essential infrastructure for such applications, much as the Internet provides essential services for applications such as e-mail and the Web. We describe here two services that we believe are fundamental to any Data Grid: reliable, high-speed transport and replica management. Our high-speed transport service, GridFTP, extends the popular FTP protocol with new features required for Data Grid applications, such as striping and partial file access. Our replica management service integrates a replica catalog with GridFTP transfers to provide for the creation, registration, location, and management of dataset replicas. We present the design of both services and also preliminary performance results. Our implementations exploit security and other services provided by the Globus Toolkit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Parallel Computing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - MANAGEMENT
KW  - Data grid
KW  - Globus
KW  - GridFTP
KW  - Replica management
N1  - Accession Number: 7844997; Allcock, Bill 1; Email Address: allcock@mcs.anl.gov Bester, Joe 1; Email Address: bester@mcs.anl.gov Bresnahan, John 1 Chervenak, Ann L. 2; Email Address: annc@isi.edu Foster, Ian 1,3; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov Kesselman, Carl 2; Email Address: carl@isi.edu Meder, Sam 1 Nefedova, Veronika 1; Email Address: nefedova@mcs.anl.gov Quesnel, Darcy 1; Email Address: quesnel@mcs.anl.gov Tuecke, Steven 1; Email Address: tuecke@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292, USA  3: Department of Computer Science, The Computation Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p749; Subject Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: MANAGEMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Globus; Author-Supplied Keyword: GridFTP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Replica management; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mercer, R.E.
AU  - Barron, J.L.
AU  - Bruen, A.A.
AU  - Cheng, D.
T1  - Fuzzy points: algebra and application
JO  - Pattern Recognition
JF  - Pattern Recognition
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1153
SN  - 00313203
AB  - A fuzzy point is a region representing the uncertain location of a normal Euclidean point. A fuzzy point in the plane is considered to be a closed disk (a circle and its interior). The algebra of fuzzy points (which includes fuzzy vectors and fuzzy angles) is presented. Since fuzzy points are represented as closed disks, the lengths of fuzzy vectors, and the angles between fuzzy vectors can be viewed as properties of circles in the plane. Methods to compute the magnitude of a fuzzy angle are given. An application of fuzzy point algebra to the problem of detecting and tracking storms in Doppler radar image sequences, which motivates this work, is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Pattern Recognition is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUZZY algorithms
KW  - DOPPLER radar
KW  - Doppler radar imagery
KW  - Fuzzy algebra
KW  - Fuzzy angles
KW  - Fuzzy storms
KW  - Fuzzy vectors
KW  - Tracking deformable objects
N1  - Accession Number: 8799389; Mercer, R.E. 1 Barron, J.L. 1; Email Address: barron@csd.uwo.ca Bruen, A.A. 2 Cheng, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7  2: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, T–10, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p1153; Subject Term: FUZZY algorithms; Subject Term: DOPPLER radar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doppler radar imagery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuzzy algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuzzy angles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuzzy storms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuzzy vectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking deformable objects; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Egami, T.
AU  - Chung, J.-H.
AU  - McQueeney, R.J.
AU  - Yethiraj, M.
AU  - Mook, H.A.
AU  - Frost, C.
AU  - Petrov, Y.
AU  - Dogan, F.
AU  - Inamura, Y.
AU  - Arai, M.
AU  - Tajima, S.
AU  - Endoh, Y.
T1  - Electron–phonon interactions in HTSC cuprates
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 316-317
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Phonons have been generally considered to be irrelevant to the high-temperature superconductivity in the cuprates. However, such a bias is usually based upon the assumption of conventional electron–phonon coupling, while in the cuprates the coupling can be rather unconventional because of strong electron correlation. We present the results of our recent measurements of phonon dispersion in YBa2Cu3O6+x by inelastic neutron scattering. These suggest certain phonon modes interact strongly with electrons and are closely involved in the superconductivity phenomenon with possible contribution to pairing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - Electron–phonon coupling
KW  - High-temperature superconductivity
KW  - Neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 8775207; Egami, T. 1; Email Address: egami@seas.upenn.edu Chung, J.-H. 1 McQueeney, R.J. 2 Yethiraj, M. 3 Mook, H.A. 3 Frost, C. 4 Petrov, Y. 5 Dogan, F. 6 Inamura, Y. 7 Arai, M. 7 Tajima, S. 8 Endoh, Y. 9; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter LRSM, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6272, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  6: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  7: Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, Tsukuba 305, Japan  8: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, International Superconductivity Technology Center, Tokyo 135-0062, Japan  9: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980, Japan; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 316-317, p62; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–phonon coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keppens, V.
AU  - McGuire, M.A.
AU  - Teklu, A.
AU  - Laermans, C.
AU  - Sales, B.C.
AU  - Mandrus, D.
AU  - Chakoumakos, B.C.
T1  - Glasslike excitations in single crystalline Sr8Ga16Ge30 clathrates
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 316-317
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Low-temperature ultrasonic attenuation and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) data are reported on single crystals of the semiconductor Sr8Ga16Ge30. The attenuation shows a strikingly glasslike behavior, implying that the elastic properties of the clathrate crystal at low temperatures (<f>T<1</f> K) are dominated by the presence of tunneling states. At slightly higher temperatures, the RUS data reflect the presence of a 2-level system with an energy-spacing of 45 K. The origin of these low-energy excitations is found in the ‘rattling’ Sr-atom, which occupies a fourfold split site in the clathrate structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLATHRATE compounds
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - Clathrates
KW  - Elastic properties
KW  - Tunneling states
N1  - Accession Number: 8775212; Keppens, V. 1; Email Address: vkeppens@olemiss.edu McGuire, M.A. 1 Teklu, A. 1 Laermans, C. 2 Sales, B.C. 3 Mandrus, D. 3 Chakoumakos, B.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Physical Acoustics and Department of Physics, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA  2: Department of Physics, K.U. Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6056, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 316-317, p95; Subject Term: CLATHRATE compounds; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Clathrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tunneling states; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolesnikov, A.I.
AU  - Antonov, V.E.
AU  - Fedotov, V.K.
AU  - Grosse, G.
AU  - Ivanov, A.S.
AU  - Wagner, F.E.
T1  - Lattice dynamics of high-pressure hydrides of the group VI–VIII transition metals
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 316-317
M3  - Article
SP  - 158
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Monohydrides of the group VI–VIII transition metals Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Rh and Pd are synthesised under high hydrogen pressures and elevated temperatures and studied by inelastic neutron scattering (INS) at ambient pressure and low temperatures. In the measured INS spectra, the energy of the main optical H peak exhibits a strong monotonic increase as a function of the nearest hydrogen–metal distance in the hydrides of both 3d- and 4d-metals, respectively. The spectra for FCC NiH and PdH appear strongly anisotropic at energy transfers above the fundamental band of optical hydrogen vibrations, while those for FCC PdD do not show a significant directional dependence at energies of the second optical D band. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - NEUTRONS -- Spectra
KW  - Metal hydrides
KW  - Neutron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8775228; Kolesnikov, A.I. 1,2; Email Address: akolesnikov@anl.gov Antonov, V.E. 2 Fedotov, V.K. 1 Grosse, G. 3 Ivanov, A.S. 4 Wagner, F.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Av., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow District, Russia  3: Physik-Department E 15, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany  4: Institute Laue-Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 316-317, p158; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: NEUTRONS -- Spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal hydrides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geller, Michael R.
AU  - Dennis, W.M.
AU  - Markel, Vadim A.
AU  - Patton, Kelly R.
AU  - Simon, Daniel T.
AU  - Yang, Ho-Soon
T1  - Theory of electron–phonon dynamics in insulating nanoparticles
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 316-317
M3  - Article
SP  - 430
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We discuss the rich vibrational dynamics of nanometer-scale semiconducting and insulating crystals as probed by localized electronic impurity states, with an emphasis on nanoparticles that are only weakly coupled to their environment. Two principal regimes of electron–phonon dynamics are distinguished, and a brief survey of vibrational-mode broadening mechanisms is presented. Recent work on the effects of mechanical interaction with the environment is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - Electron–phonon interaction
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Phonons
N1  - Accession Number: 8775307; Geller, Michael R. 1; Email Address: mgeller@physast.uga.edu Dennis, W.M. 1 Markel, Vadim A. 2 Patton, Kelly R. 1 Simon, Daniel T. 3 Yang, Ho-Soon 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2451, USA  2: Department of Electrical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 316-317, p430; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–phonon interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonons; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, J.C.
AU  - Kolesnikov, A.I.
T1  - The first observation of the boson peak from water vapour deposited amorphous ice
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 316-317
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We report the observation of the boson peak around 5 meV in the inelastic neutron scattering spectrum of a low-density amorphous ice obtained by vapour deposition on a cooled substrate (at 20 K) with low flow rate (∼14 mg/h). The integrated intensity of the acoustical peak in the spectrum of the deposited amorphous ice (1–15 meV) is noticeably larger compared to that for crystalline ice-Ih (by about 5%). There was no excess scattering in the spectra of other low-density amorphous ices studied before, which were obtained either by annealing the high-density amorphous ice or by hyper-quenching of water droplets of μm size. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - Amorphous ice
KW  - Boson peak
KW  - Neutron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8775324; Li, J.C. 1 Kolesnikov, A.I. 1,2; Email Address: akolesnikov@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, UK  2: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Av., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 316-317, p493; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous ice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boson peak; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hosokawa, S.
AU  - Kawakita, Y.
AU  - Pilgrim, W.-C.
AU  - Sinn, H.
T1  - Studies of collective dynamics in liquid Ge over a wide temperature range using inelastic X-ray scattering technique
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 316-317
M3  - Article
SP  - 610
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Our results for the dynamic structure factors <f>S(Q,ω)</f> of liquid Ge at 980°C and 1500°C obtained from inelastic X-ray scattering experiments, show distinct excitations resulting from propagating modes. The phonon dispersion matches the hydrodynamic sound velocity in the low <f>Q</f> range, i.e., no positive dispersion can be detected, which is consistent with generalized hydrodynamic theory. The similarity of our experimental results in <f>S(Q,ω)</f>s between 980°C and 1500°C and the absence of additional peaks besides the acoustic mode indicate no hint for internal vibrations in stable covalent clusters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - Inelastic X-ray scattering
KW  - Liquids
KW  - Phonon dispersion
N1  - Accession Number: 8775359; Hosokawa, S. 1; Email Address: hosokawa@mailer.uni-marburg.de Kawakita, Y. 1,2 Pilgrim, W.-C. 1 Sinn, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Physikalische-, Kern-, und Makromolekulare Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany  2: Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 810-8560, Japan  3: SRI-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 316-317, p610; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonon dispersion; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
AU  - Kroeger, D.M.
T1  - Ni–Cr textured substrates with reduced ferromagnetism for coated conductor applications
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 370
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A series of biaxially textured Ni<f>1−x</f>Cr<f>x</f> materials, with compositions <f>x=0</f>, 7, 9, 11, and 13 at.%Cr, have been studied for use as substrate materials in coated conductor applications with high temperature superconductors. The magnetic properties were investigated, including the hysteretic loss in a Ni–7at.%Cr sample that was controllably deformed; for comparison, the loss was also measured in a similarly deformed pure Ni substrate. Complementary X-ray diffraction studies show that thermomechanical processing produces nearly complete <f>{1 0 0}〈1 0 0〉</f> cube texturing, as desired for applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL-chromium alloys
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Coated conductor applications
KW  - Hysteretic loss
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Ni–Cr alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 7779001; Thompson, J.R. 1,2; Email Address: jrt@utk.edu Goyal, A. 1 Christen, D.K. 1 Kroeger, D.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6061, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 370 Issue 3, p169; Subject Term: NICKEL-chromium alloys; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductor applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hysteretic loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni–Cr alloys; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaper, Hans G.
AU  - Kaper, Tasso J.
T1  - Asymptotic analysis of two reduction methods for systems of chemical reactions
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
SN  - 01672789
AB  - This paper concerns two methods for reducing large systems of chemical kinetics equations, namely, the method of intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds (ILDMs) due to Maas and Pope [Combust. Flame 88 (1992) 239] and an iterative method due to Fraser [J. Chem. Phys. 88 (1988) 4732] and further developed by Roussel and Fraser [J. Chem. Phys. 93 (1990) 1072]. Both methods exploit the separation of fast and slow reaction time scales to find low-dimensional manifolds in the space of species concentrations where the long-term dynamics are played out. The asymptotic expansions of these manifolds (<F>&epsiv;↓0</F>, where <F>&epsiv;</F> measures the ratio of the reaction time scales) are compared with the asymptotic expansion of <F>M&epsiv;</F>, the slow manifold given by geometric singular perturbation theory. It is shown that the expansions of the ILDM and <F>M&epsiv;</F> agree up to and including terms of <F>O(&epsiv;)</F>; the former has an error at <F>O(&epsiv;2)</F> that is proportional to the local curvature of <F>M0</F>. The error vanishes if and only if the curvature is zero everywhere. The iterative method generates, term by term, the asymptotic expansion of <F>M&epsiv;</F>. Starting from <F>M0</F>, the <F>i</F>th application of the algorithm yields the correct expansion coefficient at <F>O(&epsiv;i)</F>, while leaving the lower-order coefficients invariant. Thus, after <F>ℓ</F> applications, the expansion is accurate up to and including the terms of <F>O(&epsiv;ℓ)</F>. The analytical results are illustrated on a planar system from enzyme kinetics (Michaelis–Menten–Henri) and a model planar system due to Davis and Skodje. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - Asymptotic analysis
KW  - Atmospheric chemistry
KW  - Biophysics
KW  - Chemical kinetics
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Enzyme kinetics
KW  - Geometric singular perturbation theory
KW  - Intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds
KW  - Michaelis–Menten–Henri mechanism
KW  - Multiple time scales
KW  - Reduction methods
KW  - Slow manifolds
N1  - Accession Number: 7800695; Kaper, Hans G. 1; Email Address: kaper@mcs.anl.gov Kaper, Tasso J. 2; Email Address: tasso@math.bu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  2: Department of Mathematics and Center for BioDynamics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 165 Issue 1/2, p66; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asymptotic analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biophysics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enzyme kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geometric singular perturbation theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Michaelis–Menten–Henri mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple time scales; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slow manifolds; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Hong-Joo
AU  - Moon, Seung-Hyeon
AU  - Tsai, Shih-Perng
T1  - Effects of pulsed electric fields on membrane fouling in electrodialysis of NaCl solution containing humate
JO  - Separation & Purification Technology
JF  - Separation & Purification Technology
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 13835866
AB  - Fouling of ion exchange membranes is one of the major problems during electrodialysis (ED) operation. Effects of pulsed electric fields on membrane fouling in electrodialysis were studied with NaCl solution containing humate. The performances were evaluated using various frequencies of electric pulses. In desalting of NaCl solution with humate as a foulant, the optimum frequency was found to be 100 Hz in terms of conductivity and cell resistance changes. A membrane fouling index for electrodialysis (EDMFI) is proposed as a quantitative measure of the membrane fouling tendency of electrodialysis processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Separation & Purification Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODIALYSIS
KW  - FOULING
KW  - Electrodialysis
KW  - Exchange membranes
KW  - Fouling
KW  - Fouling index
KW  - Pulsed electric field
N1  - Accession Number: 7783307; Lee, Hong-Joo 1 Moon, Seung-Hyeon 1; Email Address: shmoon@kjist.ac.kr Tsai, Shih-Perng 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology (K-JIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea  2: Energy System Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9600 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 27 Issue 2, p89; Subject Term: ELECTRODIALYSIS; Subject Term: FOULING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodialysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fouling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fouling index; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed electric field; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brosha, Eric L.
AU  - Mukundan, Rangachary
AU  - Brown, David R.
AU  - Garzon, Fernando H.
AU  - Visser, J.H.
T1  - Development of ceramic mixed potential sensors for automotive applications
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 148
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Mixed potential sensors that utilize Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 electrolytes and patterned dense 1-μm thick LaMnO3 thin films were studied at 600 °C and 1%O2. The response to C3H6 and CO of two different sensor configurations were studied continuously for 1000 h versus an air reference. Although two different current collection schemes and two different metal oxide electrode geometries were employed, the magnitude of the mixed potential generated by both sensors was remarkably similar. From previous work with Au–ceria–Pt mixed potential sensors, this behavior is attributed to precisely controlling the metal oxide electrode/solid electrolyte interface unlike the undefined interface produced when Au electrodes are used. Although doped ceria is not a suitable electrolyte for automotive exhaust gas applications, this work serves to illustrate design goals for zirconia-based sensors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CO sensors
KW  - Hydrocarbon sensors
KW  - Mixed potential sensors
KW  - On-board diagnostics
N1  - Accession Number: 7797417; Brosha, Eric L. 1; Email Address: Brosha@lanl.gov Mukundan, Rangachary 1 Brown, David R. 1 Garzon, Fernando H. 1 Visser, J.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: The Electronic and Electrochemical Materials Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-1, P.O. Box 1663, Mail Stop D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Ford Research Laboratory, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 148 Issue 1/2, p61; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrocarbon sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed potential sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: On-board diagnostics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Coleman A.
AU  - Martinez, Max A.
AU  - Veirs, D. Kirk
AU  - Cremers, David A.
T1  - Pu-239/Pu-240 isotope ratios determined using high resolution emission spectroscopy in a laser-induced plasma
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 57
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 929
SN  - 05848547
AB  - Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been applied for the determination of plutonium isotope ratios through direct observation of atomic emission from laser-induced plasmas at high resolution. The Pu-239/Pu-240 isotope shift of −0.355 cm−1 from the plutonium atomic line at 594.52202 nm (Blaise et al., The Atomic Spectrum of Plutonium, Argonne National Laboratory Report ANL-83-95, 1984) is clearly resolved in our plasma conditions. Atomic emission is dispersed through a 2-m spectrometer in double pass mode and collected on an electronically gated, intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera. The integrated peak areas obtained from curve-fitting closely match the Pu-239/Pu-240 isotopic ratios obtained from standard methods of thermal ionization mass spectrometry and gamma spectrometry. The observed plutonium linewidths were 0.19 cm−1 (0.0067 nm). These linewidths are within the experimental error of the ideal instrument-limited linewidth, which is calculated to be 0.15 cm−1 (0.0052 nm) based upon the known modulation transfer function for the ICCD system. This linewidth should allow LIBS to be applicable for isotopic ratio measurements for all of the light actinides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LASER spectroscopy
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - Emission spectroscopy
KW  - Isotope ratio
KW  - Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
KW  - Pu
N1  - Accession Number: 7827711; Smith, Coleman A. 1; Email Address: snake@lanl.gov Martinez, Max A. 2 Veirs, D. Kirk 2 Cremers, David A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pit Disassembly and Nuclear Fuels Technologies (NMT-15), Mail Stop E530, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Actinide Chemistry Research and Development (NMT-11), Mail Stop E505, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Advanced Chemical Diagnostics and Instrumentation (C-ADI), Mail Stop J565, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 57 Issue 5, p929; Subject Term: LASER spectroscopy; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pu; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Gang
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
AU  - Dvorak, Joseph
AU  - Hrbek, Jan
AU  - Jirsak, Tomas
T1  - Chemistry of sulfur-containing molecules on Au(<f>1 1 1</f>): thiophene, sulfur dioxide, and methanethiol adsorption
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The interactions of three sulfur-containing molecules (C<f>4</f>H<f>4</f>S, SO<f>2</f>, CH<f>3</f>SH) with a clean Au(1 1 1) surface have been studied with a combination of thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) and synchrotron-based high-resolution soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The adsorption and reactivity of the three molecules on Au(1 1 1) are very different. Thiophene adsorbs molecularly on Au(1 1 1) at 100 K and desorbs completely below 330 K without further decomposition. In the submonolayer range, three different adsorption states for chemisorbed thiophene are identified in TDS. It is suggested that thiophene preferably adsorbs on the defect sites at the lowest exposure. After the defect sites are saturated, the change from a flat-lying geometry to a tilted adsorption configuration follows as the exposure increases. Sulfur dioxide also does not decompose on Au(1 1 1). For SO<f>2</f> adsorption at 100 K, in addition to the multilayer desorption feature (<f>∼</f>130 K), only one distinct monolayer peak with a tail extending to higher temperature appears in TDS. The desorption temperature difference between the SO<f>2</f> monolayer and multilayer is only 15 K, indicating a weak binding between SO<f>2</f> and Au. For methanethiol adsorption on Au(1 1 1) at 100 K, three desorption states appear in the submonolayer range for the parent thiol. All of them appear below 300 K. The only desorption products at higher temperature are methane or methyl radicals (<f>∼</f>540 K), and dimethyl disulfide (<f>∼</f>470 K). Apart from the intact methyl thiol molecule, which exists at low temperatures (<f>&les;</f>150 K), two inequivalent intermediate thiolates, are seen to coexist on Au(1 1 1) in the 150–400 K temperature range, with one of them existing as low as 100 K. Atomic sulfur is present on the surface from 200 to 950 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL desorption
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - Gold
KW  - Sulphur
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Thermal desorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7797376; Liu, Gang 1 Rodriguez, José A.; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Dvorak, Joseph 1 Hrbek, Jan; Email Address: hrbek@bnl.gov Jirsak, Tomas 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 505 Issue 1-3, p295; Subject Term: THERMAL desorption; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulphur; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spencer, Michelle J.S.
AU  - Nyberg, Graeme L.
AU  - Robinson, Andrew W.
AU  - Stampfl, Anton P.J.
T1  - Adsorption of SiH4 on copper (<f>1 1 0</f>) and (<f>1 1 1</f>) surfaces
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The adsorption of silane on Cu(1 1 1) and Cu(1 1 0) is examined using vibrational electron energy loss spectroscopy, angle-resolved ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. At room temperature, SiH adsorbs on Cu(1 1 1), whereas complete dissociation occurs on Cu(1 1 0) to leave adsorbed silicon. Below room temperature, an <f>SiHx</f> (<f>x=2</f> or 3) species exists on both surfaces. A surface-molecule bonding model is constructed to describe the adsorbate–substrate interactions and suggests that both Si and SiH adsorb in a substitutional or hollow site on the (1 1 1) surface and Si adsorbs in one of the same two sites on the (1 1 0) surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Angle resolved photoemission
KW  - Chemical vapor deposition
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Copper
KW  - Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Silane
KW  - Visible and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7797377; Spencer, Michelle J.S. 1 Nyberg, Graeme L. 1; Email Address: nyberg@latrobe.edu.au Robinson, Andrew W. 2 Stampfl, Anton P.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., 3086 Australia  2: Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory, School of Physics and Space Science, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK  3: Australian Synchrotron Research Program, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Building 401-B3210, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 505 Issue 1-3, p308; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle resolved photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visible and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephan, A.C.
AU  - Finot, E.L.
AU  - Ji, H.-F.
AU  - Pinnaduwage, L.A.
AU  - Thundat, T.
T1  - Micromechanical measurement of active sites on silicon nitride using surface free energy variation
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 91
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03043991
AB  - We have investigated chemical reactions between adsorbed water and active sites on a silicon nitride surface as a function of temperature and relative humidity using microcantilevers. Effects that might produce a change in the response of the microcantilever, such as a mass adsorption, surface tension of the adsorbed water, and changes in thermal conductivity, were systematically investigated. It is shown that the judicious choice of experimental conditions could make these effects essentially inconsequential in comparison with the instrument response produced by the change in free surface energy of the microcantilever due to the chemical reactions. Using this method, the variation in free surface energy when changing from dry to high humidity conditions was found and the number of active sites that reacted was estimated. This method may be extended to other problems for use in determining surface free energy change and thus the density of reactant sites under different conditions of interest. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - HUMIDITY
KW  - Free surface energy
KW  - Microcantilevers
KW  - Relative humidity sensor
KW  - Silicon nitride surface
KW  - Surface stress
N1  - Accession Number: 7851437; Stephan, A.C. 1,2 Finot, E.L. 1 Ji, H.-F. 1 Pinnaduwage, L.A. 1,2 Thundat, T. 1,2; Email Address: thundattg@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 6123, USA  2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 91 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: HUMIDITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free surface energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilevers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relative humidity sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon nitride surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface stress; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muralidharan, G.
AU  - Nicholson, D.M.
AU  - Rajic, S.
AU  - Daniels-Race, T.M.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Datskos, P.G.
T1  - An atomic force microscope-based investigation of vertical transport through GaAs/GaAlAs/InAlAs/GaAs step-barrier heterostructures
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 91
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Study of vertical transport through heterostructures consisting of single, double, or multiple quantum barriers is of both fundamental and technological interest. While extensive data regarding electron transport is available for single- and double-barrier structures, relatively less information is available for transport through step-barrier structures. In this paper, we present results from a study of room temperature vertical transport through a GaAs/GaAlAs/InAlAs/GaAs multistep-barrier heterostructure. A typical atomic force microscope has been adapted to perform transport measurements, thus allowing precise control of the physical location of the region of measurement. <f>I–V</f> measurements reveal negative differential resistance (NDR) peaks, thus confirming the formation of resonant states in a triangular well created when a voltage bias is applied across the step barrier. <f>I–V</f> curves have also been calculated by numerically solving the Schro¨dinger wave equation for this step-barrier structure. Comparison between the measured and calculated <f>I–V</f> curves shows reasonable agreement in the number of NDR peaks. However, discrepancies exist between the measured and calculated values for the voltages at which these NDR peaks occur. Some possible reasons for these discrepancies are discussed in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - ELECTRON transport
N1  - Accession Number: 7851453; Muralidharan, G. 1; Email Address: g5m@ornl.gov Nicholson, D.M. 1 Rajic, S. 1 Daniels-Race, T.M. 2 Li, H. 2 Thundat, T. 1,3 Datskos, P.G. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0291, USA  3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 91 Issue 1-4, p133; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khaleel, Raziuddin
AU  - Yeh, T.-C. Jim
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
T1  - Upscaled flow and transport properties for heterogeneous unsaturated media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 11-1
EP  - 11-12
SN  - 00431397
AB  - To represent a heterogeneous unsaturated medium by its homogeneous equivalent, stochastic theory-based analytical formulas and numerical Monte Carlo simulations are used to obtain upscaled (effective) flow and transport properties. The Monte Carlo experiments simulate steady state flow and transient transport of nonreactive solute in two-dimensional heterogeneous media. Constitutive relations for unsaturated media at the mesh-size scale are based on the van Genuchten-Mualem relationships. A unit-mean-gradient approach is used to derive upscaled properties for flow parallel and perpendicular to bedding. Upscaled moisture retention and unsaturated conductivities ( K) and longitudinal dispersivities are obtained by simulating steady gravity drainage conditions for a series of applied infiltration rates, characteristic of relatively dry conditions in coarse-textured sediments. Macrodispersivities are calculated on the basis of spatial moments of the ensemble-mean plume. Results show that the calculated effective unsaturated K based on the analytical formulas compare well with those based on Monte Carlo simulations. The macroscopic anisotropy (ratio of K parallel to bedding to K perpendicular to bedding) increases with increasing tension, although the increase is rather mild. The longitudinal macrodispersivity for the equivalent homogeneous medium also increases with increasing tension. A comparison of numerical results with stochastic solutions suggests that the computed dispersivities are of the same order of magnitude at low tensions. At higher tensions the dispersivity estimates deviate significantly. Nonetheless, both numerical and analytical results show that the longitudinal dispersivities for flow parallel to bedding are higher than those for flow perpendicular to bedding. In addition, our results suggest that the Fickian regime is reached much earlier for cases with flow perpendicular to bedding than for those with flow parallel to bedding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - effective properties
KW  - equivalent media
KW  - numerical modeling
KW  - spatial variability
KW  - stochastic processes
KW  - vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87143644; Khaleel, Raziuddin 1; Yeh, T.-C. Jim 2; Lu, Zhiming 3; Affiliations: 1: Fluor Federal Services; 2: Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona; 3: Earth and Environmental Science Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p11-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: effective properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: equivalent media; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: vadose zone; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winter, C. L.
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
AU  - Guadagnini, Alberto
T1  - Numerical solutions of moment equations for flow in heterogeneous composite aquifers.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 13-1
EP  - 13-8
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We analyze flow in heterogeneous media composed of multiple materials whose hydraulic properties and geometries are uncertain. Our analysis relies on the composite media theory of Winter and Tartakovsky [2000, 2002], which allows one to derive and solve moment equations even when the medium is highly heterogeneous. We use numerical solutions of Darcy flows through a representative composite medium to investigate the robustness of perturbation approximations in porous medium with total log conductivity variances as high as 20. We also investigate the relative importance of the two sources of uncertainty in composite media, material properties, and geometry. In our examples the uncertain geometry by itself captures the main features of the mean head estimated by the full composite model even when the within-material conductivities are deterministic. However, neglecting randomness within materials leads to head variance estimates that are qualitatively and quantitatively wrong. We compare the composite media approach to approximations that replace statistically inhomogeneous conductivity fields with pseudohomogeneous random fields with deterministic trends. We demonstrate that models with a deterministic trend can be expected to give a poor estimate of the statistics of head. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - domain decomposition
KW  - random
KW  - stochastic
KW  - uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 87143634; Winter, C. L. 1; Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 1; Guadagnini, Alberto 2; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory; 2: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica, Ambientale, Infrastrutture viarie, e Rilevamento Politecnico di Milano; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p13-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: random; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000222
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryon, Michael G.
AU  - Stewart, Arthur J.
AU  - Kszos, Lynn A.
AU  - Phipps, Terry L.
T1  - Impacts on Streams from the Use of Sulfur-Based Compounds for Dechlorinating Industrial Effluents.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2002/05//
VL  - 136
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 268
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - We evaluate environmental impacts associated with sulfur-based dechlorinating agents (sodium bisulfite and sodium thiosulfate) commonly used in industrial wastewater treatment by presenting data from two examples for Department of Energy facilities in Tennessee and Kentucky. One case involved a fish kill (> 24,000 fish) caused directly by sodium bisulfite; the second describes a near-miss situation resulting from over-dosing with sodium thiosulfate. Toxicity tests showed that overfeed situations with sodium thiosulfate or sodium bisulfite can depress pH and dissolved oxygen, causing mortality of fish. Bacteria also can metabolize some sulfur-based dechlorinating agents, thereby increasing the potential for reductions in pH and concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Although removing toxic levels of chlorine is important when releasing chlorine-containing wastewaters to aquatic systems, waste-treatment plant operators should also be aware of significant impacts that can occur if sulfur-based dechlorinating agents are used to excess. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water utilities
KW  - Wastewater treatment
KW  - Industrial wastes
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Waste products
KW  - Sewage -- Purification
KW  - dechlorination
KW  - fish kill
KW  - sodium bisulfite
KW  - sodium thiosulfate
KW  - toxicity
KW  - wastewater management
N1  - Accession Number: 16603720; Ryon, Michael G. 1; Email Address: ryonmg@ornl.gov; Stewart, Arthur J. 1; Kszos, Lynn A. 1; Phipps, Terry L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6036; 2: Parametrix Inc., 5808 Lake Washington Blvd, NE, Kirkland, WA 98033-7350; Issue Info: May2002, Vol. 136 Issue 1-4, p255; Thesaurus Term: Water utilities; Thesaurus Term: Wastewater treatment; Thesaurus Term: Industrial wastes; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Waste products; Subject Term: Sewage -- Purification; Author-Supplied Keyword: dechlorination; Author-Supplied Keyword: fish kill; Author-Supplied Keyword: sodium bisulfite; Author-Supplied Keyword: sodium thiosulfate; Author-Supplied Keyword: toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: wastewater management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Atwood, David
AU  - Soni, Amarjit
T1  - Using imprecise tags of CP eigenstates in <f>Bs</f> and the determination of the CKM phase <f>γ</f>
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/05/02/
VL  - 533
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We consider the possibility of studying the CP properties of various <f>Bs</f> decays at an electron–positron machine tuned to the <f>&Upsi;(5S)</f>. Since decay modes of the <f>Bs</f> with definite CP are relatively rare, we suggest that the use of more common modes which are not pure CP eigenstates may allow the determination of the CKM phase <f>γ</f>. By studying the degree of correlation between different decay modes at a <f>&Upsi;(5S)</f> it is possible to determine the degree of affinity of each decay mode to a CP eigenstate. Once this is known, the correlation between a decay mode with a greater affinity to a particular CP eigenstate with a mode such as <f>Ds+K−</f> gives a determination of the phase <f>γ</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - POSITRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 7793155; Atwood, David 1; Email Address: atwood@iastate.edu Soni, Amarjit 2; Email Address: soni@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 533 Issue 1/2, p37; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: POSITRONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lister, T.E.
AU  - Chu, Y.
AU  - Cullen, W.
AU  - You, H.
AU  - Yonco, R.M.
AU  - Mitchell, J.F.
AU  - Nagy, Z.
T1  - Electrochemical and X-ray scattering study of well defined RuO2 single crystal surfaces
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05/03/
VL  - 524/525
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 15726657
AB  - Electrochemical and synchrotron surface-X-ray scattering measurements were performed on two low index faces, (110) and (100), of RuO2 single crystal electrodes in a variety of solutions. The two crystal faces displayed uniquely different cyclic voltammograms and the structural changes associated with cyclic voltammograms were investigated with synchrotron surface-X-ray scattering measurements. In sulfuric acid solution, the cyclic voltammogram of the (100) surface exhibits a reduction signature near the hydrogen evolution potential. The reduction feature was found to be associated with an expansion of the top ruthenium layer approximately along the (110) direction. The same reduction feature was seen much less clearly at the (110) surface. However, the associated displacement of ruthenium atoms is very similar to that of the (100) surface, leading to the conclusion that the oxygen bonds on the surface are elongated by a chemical reaction of the oxygen atoms with hydronium molecules in solution. In NaOH solution, the cyclic voltammogram of the (110) surface indicates two clearly identifiable oxidation features near the oxygen evolution potential. We find that the oxidation features are associated with the clearly identifiable surface-structure changes and these structure models are presented. The structure models and corresponding charge-transfer amounts were consistent with the pH-dependent cyclic voltammograms and the super-nernstian behavior measured by adding phosphoric acid to the solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - VOLTAMMETRY
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - Cyclic voltammetry
KW  - Ruthenium dioxide electrodes
KW  - Single crystal electrodes
KW  - Synchrotron X-ray scattering
KW  - Ultracapacitors
N1  - Accession Number: 7821407; Lister, T.E. Chu, Y. Cullen, W. 1 You, H.; Email Address: hyou@anl.gov Yonco, R.M. 1 Mitchell, J.F. 1 Nagy, Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4845, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 524/525 Issue 1/2, p201; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: VOLTAMMETRY; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic voltammetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium dioxide electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultracapacitors; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brankovic, S.R.
AU  - Wang, J.X.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - Sabatini, R.
AU  - McBreen, J.
AU  - Adžić, R.R.
T1  - Electrosorption and catalytic properties of bare and Pt modified single crystal and nanostructured Ru surfaces
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05/03/
VL  - 524/525
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 15726657
AB  - The electrosorption and catalytic properties of bare and Pt modified Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) single crystal surfaces and carbon supported Ru nanoparticles have been studied by electrochemical, surface X-ray scattering, scanning tunneling microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy techniques. The electrochemical surface oxidation of Ru(0001) in H2SO4 is an one-electron process resulting in 1 monolayer oxygen uptake and the increased spacing between the top two Ru layers from 2.13 A˚ at 0.1 V to 2.20 A˚ at 1.0 V. About 1/3 monolayer of bisulfate anions are coadsorbed with hydronium cations at low potentials. In HClO4 solution, the adsorption process at ∼0.1 V is due to the surface oxidation apparently to RuOH rather than to hydrogen adsorption. The oxidation of Ru(10−10) is quite facile and a progressive growth of the oxide layer is observed in repeated potential cycles. Spontaneous deposition of a submonolayer-to-multilayer of Pt on metallic Ru surfaces is a new phenomenon involving a noble metal deposition on a noble metal substrate through a local cell mechanism. The electrocatalysts prepared by spontaneous deposition of Pt on Ru nanoparticles have high activity and high CO tolerance exceeding those of the state-of-the-art commercial catalysts containing several times higher Pt loadings. Electronic effects appear to play a role in providing enhanced CO tolerance of Pt submonolayers on Ru nanoparticles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CO tolerance
KW  - Pt deposition
KW  - Ru nanoparticles
KW  - Ru oxidation
KW  - Single crystal Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) electrodes
N1  - Accession Number: 7821410; Brankovic, S.R. 1 Wang, J.X. 1 Zhu, Y. 1 Sabatini, R. 1 McBreen, J. 1 Adžić, R.R.; Email Address: adzic@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 524/525 Issue 1/2, p231; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ru nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ru oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) electrodes; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmidt, T.J.
AU  - Ross Jr., P.N.
AU  - Markovic, N.M.
T1  - Temperature dependent surface electrochemistry on Pt single crystals in alkaline electrolytes: Part 2. The hydrogen evolution/oxidation reaction
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05/03/
VL  - 524/525
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 252
SN  - 15726657
AB  - The hydrogen evolution reaction (her) and the hydrogen oxidation reaction (hor) are studied on Pt(111), Pt(100), and Pt(110) single crystal surfaces in 0.1 M KOH over the temperature range 275–333 K. The results demonstrated that the kinetics of the her/hor are structure sensitive processes, with Pt(110) being about ten times more active than either of the atomically ‘flatter’ (100) or (111) faces at 275 K. At higher temperatures, however, the value of the exchange current density differs by less than a factor of two between Pt(110) and Pt(111). The difference in activity with crystal face is attributed to the structure sensitive adsorption of underpotentially deposited hydrogen (Hupd) and hydroxyl species (OHad) and the effect these species have on the formation of the electroactive intermediate, Hopd, whose physical state is uncertain. It is proposed that in the vicinity of the Nernst potential Hupd and OHad may have two modes of action on the kinetics of the her/hor: a blocking effect from competition for the same sites with molecular H2 and Hopd, and an energetic effect altering the adsorption energy of the reactive intermediate. The significant differences of the her/hor kinetics in alkaline versus acid electrolyte are suggested to arise mainly due to the presence of OHad even close to the reversible potential of the her/hor in alkaline electrolytes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ARRHENIUS equation
KW  - Arrhenius plots
KW  - Hydrogen evolution and oxidation
KW  - Pt single crystal electrodes
N1  - Accession Number: 7821412; Schmidt, T.J. 1 Ross Jr., P.N. 1 Markovic, N.M.; Email Address: nmmarkovic@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1, Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 524/525 Issue 1/2, p252; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ARRHENIUS equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arrhenius plots; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen evolution and oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt single crystal electrodes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Al-Hashimi, Hashim M.
AU  - Gorin, Andrey
AU  - Majumdar, Ananya
AU  - Gosser, Yuying
AU  - Patel, Dinshaw J.
T1  - Towards Structural Genomics of RNA: Rapid NMR Resonance Assignment and Simultaneous RNA Tertiary Structure Determination Using Residual Dipolar Couplings
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/05/03/
VL  - 318
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
SN  - 00222836
AB  - We report a new residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) based NMR procedure for rapidly determining RNA tertiary structure demonstrated on a uniformly 15N/13C-labeled 27 nt variant of the trans-activation response element (TAR) RNA from HIV-I. In this procedure, the time-consuming nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE)-based sequential assignment step is replaced by a fully automated RDC-based assignment strategy. This approach involves examination of all allowed sequence-specific resonance assignment permutations for best-fit agreement between measured RDCs and coordinates for sub-structures in a target RNA. Using idealized A-form geometries to model Watson–Crick helices and coordinates from a previous X-ray structure to model a hairpin loop in TAR, the best-fit RDC assignment solutions are determined very rapidly (<five minutes of computational time) and are in complete agreement with corresponding NOE-based assignments. Orientational constraints derived from RDCs are used simultaneously to assemble sub-structures into an RNA tertiary conformation. Through enhanced speeds of application and reduced reliance on chemical shift dispersion, this RDC-based approach lays the foundation for rapidly determining RNA conformations in a structural genomics context, and may increase the size limit of RNAs that can be examined by NMR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - HIV-I, human immunodeficiency virus type I
KW  - NOE, nuclear Overhauser enhancement
KW  - RDC, residual dipolar coupling
KW  - TAR, trans-activation response element
N1  - Accession Number: 8497153; Al-Hashimi, Hashim M. 1; Email Address: hashimi@sbnmr1.mskcc.org Gorin, Andrey 2 Majumdar, Ananya 1 Gosser, Yuying 1 Patel, Dinshaw J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 318 Issue 3, p637; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV-I, human immunodeficiency virus type I; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOE, nuclear Overhauser enhancement; Author-Supplied Keyword: RDC, residual dipolar coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: TAR, trans-activation response element; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iwobi, A.
AU  - Rakin, A.
AU  - Garcia, E.
AU  - Heesemann, J.
T1  - Representational difference analysis uncovers a novel IS10-like insertion element unique to pathogenic strains of Yersinia enterocolitica
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Letters
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Letters
Y1  - 2002/05/07/
VL  - 210
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 03781097
AB  - The method of suppressive subtractive hybridization was employed to map out genomic differences between the highly pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica (Ye) biogroup 1B, serotype O:8 strain (WA-314) and the closely related apathogenic Y. enterocolitica biogroup 1A, serotype O:5 strain (NF-O). A novel IS10-like element, IS1330, uncovered by this technique was found to be uniquely present in high copy numbers among the highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica 1B strains, while a single copy of the element was found in the low pathogenic Ye biogroup 4 serotype O:3 strain. The 1321-bp repetitive element has 19-bp imperfect inverted terminal repeats and is bracketed by a 10-bp duplication of the target sequence. The predicted transposase shares high homology with the IS10 open reading frame of the large virulence plasmid pWR501, of Shigella flexneri, with IS10 transposase of Salmonella typhi, and with IS1999 (tnpA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The IS1330 tnp gene is transcribed in vitro and in vivo in HeLa cells. At least one copy of IS1330 flanks the recently described chromosomal type III secretion cluster in Y. enterocolitica WA-314, O:8, and future studies should shed light on whether this novel transposase mediates transposition events in highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains, thus enhancing the genetic plasticity of this species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Letters is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hybridization
KW  - Yersinia enterocolitica
KW  - IS1330
KW  - Subtractive hybridization
N1  - Accession Number: 7813999; Iwobi, A. 1; Rakin, A. 1; Email Address: rakin@m3401.mpk.med.uni-muenchen.de; Garcia, E. 2; Heesemann, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Pettenkoferstrasse 9a, 80336 Munich, Germany; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Human Genome Center L-452, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: May2002, Vol. 210 Issue 2, p251; Thesaurus Term: Hybridization; Subject Term: Yersinia enterocolitica; Author-Supplied Keyword: IS1330; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subtractive hybridization; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fan, Danan
AU  - Chen, S.P.
AU  - Chen, Long-Qing
AU  - Voorhees, P.W.
T1  - Phase-field simulation of 2-D Ostwald ripening in the high volume fraction regime
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/05/08/
VL  - 50
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1895
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The microstructural evolution and kinetics of Ostwald ripening were studied in the high volume fraction regime by numerically solving the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau (TDGL) and Cahn–Hilliard equations. It is shown that the growth exponent m is equal to 3, independent of the volume fraction, and the kinetic coefficient k increases as the volume fraction increases. The shape of size distributions changes significantly with increasing volume fraction of the coarsening phase; the skewness changes continuously from negative to positive while the kurtosis decreases in the low fraction regime and increases in the high volume fraction regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - OSTWALD ripening
KW  - Ostwald ripening
KW  - Phase field models
KW  - Phase transformations
N1  - Accession Number: 7798918; Fan, Danan 1 Chen, S.P. 2 Chen, Long-Qing 3; Email Address: chen@ems.psu.edu Voorhees, P.W. 4; Affiliation:  1: P.O. Box 5800, MS 1411, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Theoretical Division, MS B262, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 50 Issue 8, p1895; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: OSTWALD ripening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ostwald ripening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase field models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Segal, Scott R.
AU  - Anderson, Ken B.
AU  - Carrado, Kathleen A.
AU  - Marshall, Christopher L.
T1  - Low temperature steam reforming of methanol over layered double hydroxide-derived catalysts
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2002/05/10/
VL  - 231
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - The catalytic production of hydrogen by steam reforming of methanol (SRM) has been carried out over Mg/Al, Cu/Al, Co/Al, and Ni/Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The catalytic reactions were performed at temperatures of 150–400 °C and atmospheric pressure. The most efficient catalyst was the Cu/Al LDH, which became active at ∼230 °C, with concomitant H2 production. The Ni/Al and Co/Al LDHs were also active in SRM, however, the activation temperature was significantly higher (315–320 °C). No catalytic activity was observed for the Mg/Al LDH. Significant LDH decomposition occurred during the catalytic reactions. The reducibility of the divalent cations present in the LDH was a crucial parameter in determining the steam reforming activity of the catalysts. Pre-activation of the Cu/Al LDH by calcination in air (400 °C), followed by reduction in dilute H2, did not significantly change the catalytic activity. The onset of H2 production was slightly lower for the pre-activated versus as-prepared Cu/Al LDH (∼218 °C), also the CH3OH conversion was 5–10% lower. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - LAYERED double hydroxides
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - Cobalt
KW  - Copper
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Layered double hydroxide
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Reforming
N1  - Accession Number: 7796336; Segal, Scott R. 1 Anderson, Ken B. 1 Carrado, Kathleen A. 1 Marshall, Christopher L. 2; Email Address: clmarshall@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 231 Issue 1/2, p215; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: LAYERED double hydroxides; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered double hydroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reforming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, James E.
AU  - Gonzales, Mary M.
AU  - Evans, Lindsey
AU  - Sault, Allen G.
AU  - Zhang, Conrad
AU  - Rao, Rajeev
AU  - Whitwell, George
AU  - Maiti, Amitesh
AU  - King-Smith, Dominic
T1  - Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane over iron phosphate catalysts
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2002/05/10/
VL  - 231
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - The oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane to ethylene over stoichiometric iron phosphate phases, e.g. FePO4, Fe2P2O7, α-Fe3(P2O7)2 and β-Fe3(P2O7)2, and nonstoichiometric (mixed) iron phosphate phases with P:Fe ratios of 1.2:1 and 2:1 was examined at temperatures ranging from 400 to 675 °C. The phosphates tend to be unstable under reaction conditions, and generally convert to the quartz-like FePO4 and other phases, depending on stoichiometry. Under certain conditions, the nonstoichiometric phases exhibit an unusual activation behavior in that both selectivity and conversion increase over time. Excellent results were achieved over the active forms of the nonstoichiometric catalysts; ethylene yields approach 50% over a material with a P:Fe ratio of 1.2:1. We were unable to correlate a single crystalline or amorphous phase with catalytic performance. Rather, the evidence suggests that the activity and selectivity results from the migration of phosphorus out of the bulk iron phosphate material to the catalyst and reactor surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Catalytic partial oxidation
KW  - Ethane
KW  - Ethylene
KW  - Iron phosphate
KW  - Oxidative dehydrogenation
N1  - Accession Number: 7796342; Miller, James E. 1; Email Address: jemille@sandia.gov Gonzales, Mary M. 1 Evans, Lindsey 1 Sault, Allen G. 1 Zhang, Conrad 2 Rao, Rajeev 2 Whitwell, George 2 Maiti, Amitesh 3 King-Smith, Dominic 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1349, USA  2: Akzo Nobel, Dobbs Ferry, New York, NY 10522-3401, USA  3: Accelrys Inc., San Diego, CA 92121-3752, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 231 Issue 1/2, p281; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalytic partial oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron phosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative dehydrogenation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rivera, J.L.
AU  - Predota, M.
AU  - Chialvo, A.A.
AU  - Cummings, P.T.
T1  - Vapor–liquid equilibrium simulations of the SCPDP model of water
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/05/10/
VL  - 357
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Molecular simulations were carried out using the self-consistent point dipole polarizability model (SCPDP) of water in the region of vapor–liquid equilibrium. The methods of isothermal–isochoric molecular dynamics (NVT–MD) and Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo (GEMC) were employed to calculate orthobaric densities and vapor pressures; NVT–MD also yields surface tensions and interface thickness. Agreement was found between the two methods, particularly at lower temperatures, but compared with experimental results, this model over-predicts vapor pressures and densities, and under-predicts the liquid density, surface tension, and interface thickness. The interface thickness predicted by the SCPDP model showed better agreement with experimental results than a simpler extended point charge model (SPC/E). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SURFACE tension
N1  - Accession Number: 7808067; Rivera, J.L. 1; Email Address: rivera@flory.engr.utk.edu Predota, M. 1 Chialvo, A.A. 1,2 Cummings, P.T. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 357 Issue 3/4, p189; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qi, Fei
AU  - Sheng, Liusi
AU  - Ahmed, Musahid
AU  - Peterka, Darcy S.
AU  - Baer, Tomas
T1  - Exclusive production of excited-state sulfur (1D) atoms from 193 nm photolysis of thietane
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/05/10/
VL  - 357
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Tunable synchrotron radiation has been used to probe the dissociation dynamics of thietane <f>(C3H6S)</f> at 193 nm, providing selective determination of the translational energy distribution of both excited <f>(1D)</f> and ground-state (3P) sulfur atoms, with momentum-matching to the <f>C3H6</f> co-fragment. The results suggest that the sulfur atom is produced almost exclusively in its excited (1D) state, with ground-state (3P) production less than 5%. The first single-photon ionization efficiency (PIE) spectrum for the S(1D) state with a resolution of 0.2 eV is reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SULFUR
N1  - Accession Number: 7808069; Qi, Fei 1 Sheng, Liusi 1,2 Ahmed, Musahid 1; Email Address: mahmed@lbl.gov Peterka, Darcy S. 1,3 Baer, Tomas 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Ms 6-2100 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 357 Issue 3/4, p204; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SULFUR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonino, Paola
AU  - Simon, Martha
AU  - Craig, Roger
T1  - Mass Determination of Native Smooth Muscle Myosin Filaments by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/05/10/
VL  - 318
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 999
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The thick filaments of vertebrate smooth muscle have a fundamentally different arrangement of myosin molecules from the bipolar, helical organization present in striated muscle filaments. This side-polar, non-helical structure is probably critical to the ability of smooth muscles to shorten by large amounts; however, details of myosin organization beyond this general description are unknown. The non-helical arrangement of myosin precludes the use of helical reconstruction methods for structural determination, and a tomographic approach is required. As a first step towards this goal we have determined the number of myosin molecules present at each 14.5 nm repeat in native smooth muscle myosin filaments by scanning transmission electron microscopy. The mass-per-length of myosin filaments was 159 kDa/nm, corresponding to 4.38(±0.11) (mean±s.e.m.) myosin molecules at each 14.5 nm level. The mass of thin filaments in the preparation (intrinsic control) was 21 kDa/nm, consistent with current models of smooth muscle thin filament structure, and the mass of tobacco mosaic virus (mass standard) was within 5% of the known value. We conclude that native smooth muscle myosin filaments contain four myosin molecules at each 14.5 nm level, two on each side of the side-polar structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SMOOTH muscle
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
KW  - MHC, myosin heavy chain
KW  - MLCK, myosin light chain kinase
KW  - MPL, mass-per-length
KW  - s.e.m., standard error of the mean
KW  - SM1 and SM2, smooth muscle myosin isoforms
KW  - STEM, scanning transmission electron microscopy
KW  - TMV, tobacco mosaic virus
N1  - Accession Number: 8498089; Tonino, Paola 1; Email Address: ptonino@electra.ciens.ucv.ve Simon, Martha 2 Craig, Roger 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA  2: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 318 Issue 4, p999; Subject Term: SMOOTH muscle; Subject Term: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHC, myosin heavy chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: MLCK, myosin light chain kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPL, mass-per-length; Author-Supplied Keyword: s.e.m., standard error of the mean; Author-Supplied Keyword: SM1 and SM2, smooth muscle myosin isoforms; Author-Supplied Keyword: STEM, scanning transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMV, tobacco mosaic virus; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Russell, A.M.
AU  - Cook, B.A.
AU  - Harringa, J.L.
AU  - Lewis, T.L.
T1  - Coefficient of thermal expansion of AlMgB14
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/05/10/
VL  - 46
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 629
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The coefficient of thermal expansion (COTE) of AlMgB<f>14</f> was measured by dilatometry and by high temperature X-ray diffraction using synchroton radiation. The COTE over the temperature range 298 K to 1373 K was determined to be <f>9×10−6</f> <f>K−1</f>, which is relatively close to the value of <f>8.3×10−6</f> <f>K−1</f> for pure B. The anisotropy of the COTE appears to be relatively small. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Differential thermal analysis
KW  - Mechanical alloying
KW  - Thermal expansion
N1  - Accession Number: 7795302; Russell, A.M. 1; Email Address: russell@iastate.edu Cook, B.A. 1 Harringa, J.L. 1 Lewis, T.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: IBM, Rochester, MN 55901, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 46 Issue 9, p629; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential thermal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical alloying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal expansion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - El-Azab, A.
AU  - Gan, S.
AU  - Liang, Y.
T1  - Binding and diffusion of Pt nanoclusters on anatase TiO<f>2</f>(0 0 1)-(<f>1×4</f>) surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/05/10/
VL  - 506
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 00396028
AB  - A heterogeneous system consisting of Pt nanoclusters on TiO<f>2</f>(0 0 1)-(<f>1×4</f>) surface has been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. It has been found that Pt forms three-dimensional clusters with a narrow size distribution and that, upon annealing in vacuum, the clusters migrate to step edges via cluster diffusion mechanism mainly along the terrace atomic rows. It has also been found that the cluster size distribution and the average surface cluster density remain constant during annealing, implying that no cluster coalescence has taken place for the annealing conditions considered. A one-dimensional model has been used to study cluster diffusion on terraces and recover the diffusion coefficient from the experimental data. The model has been applied to two data sets and the results show that cluster diffusion depends on the cluster size and exhibits an Arrhenius temperature dependence, with the prefactor and activation energy depending on the cluster size. The difference between the cluster binding energy to the terrace and step edge has been found by treating the cluster system as a lattice gas on a heterogeneous surface and enforcing the principles of chemical equilibrium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - Clusters
KW  - Platinum
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface diffusion
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 7797403; El-Azab, A. 1 Gan, S. Liang, Y.; Email Address: yong.liang@motorola.com; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K1-83, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 506 Issue 1/2, p93; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wallace, Steven
AU  - Stephan, Andrew C.
AU  - Miller, Laurence F.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - Neutron detector based on lithiated sol–gel glass
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/11/
VL  - 483
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 764
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A neutron detector technology is demonstrated based on 6Li/10B doped sol–gel glass. The detector is a sol–gel glass film coated silicon surface barrier detector (SBD). The ionized charged particles from (<f>n</f>, α) reactions in the sol–gel film enter the SBD and are counted. Data showing that gamma-ray pulse amplitudes interfere with identifying charged particles that exit the film layer with energies below the gamma-ray energy is presented. Experiments were performed showing the effect of 137Cs and 60Co gamma rays on the SBD detector. The reaction product energies of the triton and alpha particles from 6Li are significantly greater than the energies of the Compton electrons from high-energy gamma rays, allowing the measurement of neutrons in a high gamma background. The sol–gel radiation detection technology may be applicable to the characterization of transuranic waste, spent nuclear fuel and to the monitoring of stored plutonium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - FAST neutrons
KW  - Activated silver
KW  - Fast neutron detector
KW  - Lithiated glass
KW  - Sol–gel dopants
KW  - Spent nuclear fuel.
KW  - Surface barrier detector
N1  - Accession Number: 7807659; Wallace, Steven 1; Email Address: bjwallac@esper.com Stephan, Andrew C. 1 Miller, Laurence F. 1 Dai, Sheng 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Nuclear Engineering Department, Knoxville, TN 37996–2300, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 3, p764; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: FAST neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activated silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast neutron detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithiated glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel dopants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spent nuclear fuel.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface barrier detector; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carpenter, John M.
T1  - Time focusing of pulsed-source crystal analyzer spectrometers. Part I: general analysis
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/11/
VL  - 483
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 774
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper outlines the derivation of an expression for the resolution of a crystal analyzer spectrometer and gives explicit conditions for geometric focusing. The development preserves full 3-dimensional generality so as to guide the choice of geometric parameters in the design of instruments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - Backscattering spectrometers
KW  - Crystal analyzer spectrometers
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Pulsed neutron sources
KW  - Quasielastic scattering
KW  - Resolution
KW  - Time focusing
N1  - Accession Number: 7807660; Carpenter, John M. 1; Email Address: jmcarpenter@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 360, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 3, p774; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Backscattering spectrometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal analyzer spectrometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed neutron sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasielastic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time focusing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carpenter, John M.
AU  - Iverson, Erik B.
AU  - Mildner, David F.R.
T1  - Time focusing of pulsed-source crystal analyzer spectrometers. Part II: practical expressions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/11/
VL  - 483
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 784
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We develop practical expressions for the focusing conditions of fully general crystal analyzer inelastic neutron scattering instruments having two-dimensionally extended sources (moderators), samples, analyzer crystals, and detectors. We show their relationships to focusing conditions for powder diffraction and single-crystal diffraction instruments. We demonstrate that geometries other than the traditional backscattering arrangement, using more general sample, analyzer, and detector orientation angles, can provide high resolution and offer potential advantages in design. The results apply to the use of mosaic as well as perfect single-crystal analyzers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - Backscattering spectrometers
KW  - Crystal analyzer spectrometers
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Pulsed neutron sources
KW  - Quasielastic scattering
KW  - Resolution
KW  - Time focusing
N1  - Accession Number: 7807661; Carpenter, John M. 1; Email Address: jmcarpenter@anl.gov Iverson, Erik B. 2 Mildner, David F.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Building 360, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA  2: Spallation Neutron Source Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 483 Issue 3, p784; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Backscattering spectrometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal analyzer spectrometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed neutron sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasielastic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time focusing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Neill, Hugh
AU  - Angley, Catherine V.
AU  - Hemery, Isabelle
AU  - Evans, Barbara R.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Woodward, Jonathan
T1  - Properties of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes immobilized in sol-gel beads: stabilization of invertase and β-glucosidase by Blue Dextran**.
JO  - Biotechnology Letters
JF  - Biotechnology Letters
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 24
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 783
EP  - 790
SN  - 01415492
AB  - When immobilized in sol-gels, invertase (β-fructofuranosidase) from Candida utilis and β-glucosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus had activity recovery values of 30 and 28%, respectively. However, if Blue Dextran (0.04%) was included in the immobilization-reaction mixture, the respective recovery values increased to 63 and 52%. Glucose dehydrogenase from Thermoplasma acidophilum immobilized by the same method lost most of its activity and Blue Dextran had no effect on the recovery of activity during the immobilization procedure. The immobilized enzymes required treatment with glutaraldehyde in order to maintain their activity within the sol-gel matrix during continuous reaction with their respective substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Catalysts
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Glucose
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - Blue Dextran
KW  - enzyme
KW  - glutaraldehyde
KW  - immobilization
KW  - sol-gel
N1  - Accession Number: 15608163; O'Neill, Hugh 1; Email Address: oneillhm@ornl.gov; Angley, Catherine V. 1; Hemery, Isabelle 1; Evans, Barbara R. 1; Dai, Sheng 1; Woodward, Jonathan 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA.; Issue Info: May2002, Vol. 24 Issue 10, p783; Subject Term: Enzymes; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Catalysts; Subject Term: Metabolism; Subject Term: Glucose; Subject Term: Carbohydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blue Dextran; Author-Supplied Keyword: enzyme; Author-Supplied Keyword: glutaraldehyde; Author-Supplied Keyword: immobilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: sol-gel; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keating, Gordon N.
AU  - Geissman, John W.
AU  - Zyvoloski, George A.
T1  - Multiphase modeling of contact metamorphic systems and application to transitional geomagnetic fields
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 198
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We present a numerical model that improves our capability to simulate multiphase, non-isothermal flow in variably saturated porous and fractured media at magmatic temperatures and shallow crustal pressures. Simulations of heat and fluid flow in variably saturated host rock near a magmatic intrusion provide insight into contact metamorphic processes, including dryout, condensation, and resaturation effects and implications for host-rock alteration. The numerical code, an enhanced version of FEHM, uses a finite-element/finite-volume technique incorporating implicit Newton–Raphson iteration to solve non-linear conservation equations for mass and energy, using thermodynamic properties of water and air in the ranges 10°C≤T≤1500°C, 0.00123≤P≤1000 MPa and 10°C≤T≤1500°C, 0.00123≤P≤22 MPa, respectively. The study area is located at Paiute Ridge, eastern Nevada Test Site, Nevada, USA, where hypabyssal mafic intrusions were emplaced at about 8.5–8.6 Ma (Ar/Ar age estimate) and cooled contemporaneously with part of a geomagnetic field reversal, inferred from paleomagnetic data from over 100 sites in intrusions and remagnetized host ash-flow tuffs. We used a radial model of heat flow and multiphase pore fluid flow adjacent to a 1200°C intrusion to characterize the thermal evolution of the contact metamorphic system. For likely initial pore saturations of 0.4–0.6, an expanding dryout zone near the intrusion and a condensation zone of enhanced saturation (S≤0.8) extends 150–400 m from the intrusion. Host-rock temperatures reach 800°C near the contact and cool below 100°C within 2000 yr after emplacement, two to four times faster than predicted by a simple conduction model. The thermal history of the system is very sensitive to initial saturation. The multiphase thermal model allows bounds to be placed on the rate of change of the transitional part of the geomagnetic field during the field reversal recorded at Paiute Ridge. We assume that magnetization acquisition took place during the life of the thermal system that developed in the intrusions and contact rocks and that the paleomagnetic data provide a quasi-continuous record of the transitional part of the reversal. Sites in intrusions and thermally annealed ash-flow tuffs reveal subtle yet systematic variations in paleomagnetic directions. We combine the directional data with robust thermal (temperature/time) models to estimate the rate of change of the geomagnetic field. Modeled times of 140–290 yr and 215–440 yr for the duration of magnetization acquisition at two different sites correspond to estimated rates of change of 0.06–0.13°/yr for the field during the transitional part of the reversal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOMAGNETISM
KW  - METAMORPHISM (Geology)
KW  - contact metamorphism
KW  - geomagnetism
KW  - numerical models
KW  - paleomagnetism
KW  - reversals
KW  - unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 7799958; Keating, Gordon N. 1; Email Address: gkea@lanl.gov Geissman, John W. 2; Email Address: jgeiss@unm.edu Zyvoloski, George A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 198 Issue 3/4, p429; Subject Term: GEOMAGNETISM; Subject Term: METAMORPHISM (Geology); Author-Supplied Keyword: contact metamorphism; Author-Supplied Keyword: geomagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: paleomagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: reversals; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giambalvo, Emily R.
AU  - Steefel, Carl I.
AU  - Fisher, Andrew T.
AU  - Rosenberg, Nina D.
AU  - Wheat, C. Geoffrey
T1  - Effect of fluid-sediment reaction on hydrothermal fluxes of major elements, eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1739
SN  - 00167037
AB  - On the eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, reaction between upwelling basement fluid and sediment alters hydrothermal fluxes of Ca, SiO2(aq), SO4, PO4, NH4, and alkalinity. We used the Global Implicit Multicomponent Reactive Transport (GIMRT) code to model the processes occurring in the sediment column (diagenesis, sediment burial, fluid advection, and multicomponent diffusion) and to estimate net seafloor fluxes of solutes. Within the sediment section, the reactions controlling the concentrations of the solutes listed above are organic matter degradation via SO4 reduction, dissolution of amorphous silica, reductive dissolution of amorphous Fe(III)-(hydr)oxide, and precipitation of calcite, carbonate fluorapatite, and amorphous Fe(II)-sulfide. Rates of specific discharge estimated from pore-water Mg profiles are 2 to 3 mm/yr. At this site the basement hydrothermal system is a source of NH4, SiO2(aq), and Ca, and a sink of SO4, PO4, and alkalinity. Reaction within the sediment column increases the hydrothermal sources of NH4 and SiO2(aq), increases the hydrothermal sinks of SO4 and PO4, and decreases the hydrothermal source of Ca. Reaction within the sediment column has a spatially variable effect on the hydrothermal flux of alkalinity.Because the model we used was capable of simulating the observed pore-water chemistry by using mechanistic descriptions of the biogeochemical processes occurring in the sediment column, it could be used to examine the physical controls on hydrothermal fluxes of solutes in this setting. Two series of simulations in which we varied fluid flow rate (1 to 100 mm/yr) and sediment thickness (10 to 100 m) predict that given the reactions modeled in this study, the sediment section will contribute most significantly to fluxes of SO4 and NH4 at slow flow rates and intermediate sediment thickness and to fluxes of SiO2(aq) at slow flow rates and large sediment thickness. Reaction within the sediment section could approximately double the hydrothermal sink of PO4 over a range of flow rates and sediment thickness, and could slightly decrease (by ≤10%) the size of the hydrothermal source of Ca. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - METASOMATISM (Mineralogy)
KW  - SILICA
N1  - Accession Number: 7803303; Giambalvo, Emily R. 1; Email Address: ergiamb@sandia.gov Steefel, Carl I. 2 Fisher, Andrew T. 1,3 Rosenberg, Nina D. 2 Wheat, C. Geoffrey 4; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  2: Energy and Environmental Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Institute of Tectonics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  4: Global Undersea Research Unit, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 66 Issue 10, p1739; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: METASOMATISM (Mineralogy); Subject Term: SILICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wohletz, Kenneth
T1  - Water/magma interaction: some theory and experiments on peperite formation
JO  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
JF  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 114
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 03770273
AB  - Experiments, using molten thermite as a magma analog, produce peperite when the melt interacts with wet sand. These experiments also show explosive behavior, developing Strombolian- and Surtseyan-like bursts. The results demonstrate that the application of fuel–coolant interaction (FCI) theory is appropriate for interpretation of peperites. The theory described includes discussion of the importance of mass interaction ratios of wet sediment and magma (Rs), which determine thermal equilibrium temperature limits and contact interface dynamics. The dynamics of the interface between magma and wet sediments involves heat transfer over a wide range of rates from passive quenching to explosive fragmentation. A vapor film layer develops at the interface and acts both as an insulating barrier, promoting passive quenching, as well as a potential energy reservoir that can cause magma fragmentation, mingling of the magma with wet sediments, and explosive quenching when the vapor film becomes unstable. An important parameter in determining the behavior of the vapor film is the value of Rs, which controls whether heat can be convectively removed from the layer as more is being added from its contact with magma. If Rs>1 for fully saturated sediments, there is enough water in the sediments to make convective heat flow effective in quenching the magma, but below that value, there is the potential that the vapor film will be unstable, producing highly dynamic phenomena, including explosive fragmentation. At values of Rs<0.1 there is insufficient water to allow the escalation of explosive fragmentation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLCANISM
KW  - MAGMAS
KW  - experiments
KW  - explosion phenomena
KW  - fragmentation
KW  - fuel–coolant interaction
KW  - hydrovolcanism
KW  - peperite
N1  - Accession Number: 7821104; Wohletz, Kenneth 1; Email Address: wohletz@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 114 Issue 1/2, p19; Subject Term: VOLCANISM; Subject Term: MAGMAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: explosion phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: fuel–coolant interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrovolcanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: peperite; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lavine, Alexis
AU  - Aalto, K.R.
T1  - Morphology of a crater-filling lava lake margin, The Peninsula tuff cone, Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge, California: implications for formation of peperite textures
JO  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
JF  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 114
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
SN  - 03770273
AB  - A crater-filling lava lake basalt at The Peninsula tuff cone in northeastern California has features on its base formed by interaction of the basalt with wet hydrovolcanic tuff. A spectrum of features, including elongated, streamlined, flute-shaped lobes, and irregular corrugations, are exposed on the base of the lava lake. Flute-shaped lobes range in amplitude from several centimeters to 0.5 m, plunge downdip with respect to the subjacent layered tuff toward the center of the crater, and are better defined at depths more than 3 m below the lava lake surface. These may have been formed by growth of Rayleigh–Taylor instability waves caused by the density contrast between the wet tuff and basalt, combined with directed stress from flow of the lava lake radially outward from the crater. Formation of an insulating vapor film at the wet tuff–basalt interface and downward pressure exerted by the lava lake allowed the edge of the lava lake to quench gradually, and prevented formation of peperite at greater depths in the lake. Corrugations exposed on the upper 1.5 m of the lava lake margin increase in size from several millimeters to 10 cm in amplitude toward the top of the lava lake and approximately parallel the surface. Corrugations may be the remnant of fluidal peperite preserved on the edge of the lava lake, where the peperite was eroded, or may be deformation features formed within an insulating vapor film due to oscillation of the vapor film. These were formed higher in the lava lake, where the lava lake basalt was thinner, wet tuff deposits confining the lava lake were thinner, and temperature differences between the wet tuff and lava were greater. If corrugations represent deformation of the lava edge within the vapor film, rather than peperite formation, they preserve an intermediate process that is involved in the formation of peperite. This study offers a unique opportunity to evaluate some of the initial mechanisms involved in the formation of peperite based on features preserved in the lava where the host rock, in this case hydrovolcanic tuff, has been eroded but the properties of the host rock are known from adjacent exposures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAVA
KW  - BASALT
KW  - VOLCANISM
KW  - lava lake
KW  - peperite
KW  - Rayleigh–Taylor instability
KW  - tuff cone
N1  - Accession Number: 7821113; Lavine, Alexis 1; Email Address: alavine@lanl.gov Aalto, K.R. 2; Email Address: kra1@axe.humboldt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Geology and Risk Analysis Group, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Geology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 114 Issue 1/2, p147; Subject Term: LAVA; Subject Term: BASALT; Subject Term: VOLCANISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: lava lake; Author-Supplied Keyword: peperite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayleigh–Taylor instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: tuff cone; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ivanova, K.
AU  - Shirer, H.N.
AU  - Clothiaux, E.E.
AU  - Kitova, N.
AU  - Mikhalev, M.A.
AU  - Ackerman, T.P.
AU  - Ausloos, M.
T1  - A case study of stratus cloud base height multifractal fluctuations
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 308
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 518
SN  - 03784371
AB  - The complex structure of a typical stratus cloud base height (or profile) time series is analyzed with respect to the variability of its fluctuations and their correlations at all experimentally observed temporal scales. Due to the underlying processes that create these time series, they are expected to have multiscaling properties. For obtaining reliable measures of these scaling properties, different methods of statistical analysis are used herein: power spectral density, detrended fluctuation analysis, and multifractal analysis. This broad set of diagnostic techniques is applied to a typical stratus cloud base height (CBH) data set; data were obtained from the Southern Great Plains site of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program of the Department of Energy from a Belfort Laser Ceilometer. First, we demonstrate that this CBH time series is a nonstationary signal with stationary increments. Further, two scaling regimes are found, although the characteristic laws are quite similar ones. Next, the multi-affine scaling properties are confirmed. The scaling properties of the cloud base height profile of such a continental stratus are found to be similar to those of the marine cloud base height profiles studied by us previously. Some physical interpretation in terms of anomalous diffusion (or fractional random walk) is given for the continental case. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRATUS clouds
KW  - POWER spectra
KW  - MULTIFRACTALS
KW  - Cloud base height
KW  - Correlations
KW  - Detrended fluctuation analysis
KW  - Fluctuations
KW  - Multifractals
KW  - Power spectrum
KW  - Stratus cloud
N1  - Accession Number: 7807911; Ivanova, K. 1 Shirer, H.N. 1 Clothiaux, E.E. 1 Kitova, N. 2 Mikhalev, M.A. 2 Ackerman, T.P. 3 Ausloos, M. 4; Email Address: marcel.ausloos@ulg.ac.be; Affiliation:  1: Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  2: Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko chaussée, Sofia 1784, Bulgaria  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: SUPRAS & GRASP, B5, Sart Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 308 Issue 1-4, p518; Subject Term: STRATUS clouds; Subject Term: POWER spectra; Subject Term: MULTIFRACTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloud base height; Author-Supplied Keyword: Correlations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detrended fluctuation analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multifractals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stratus cloud; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allen, James W.
AU  - Aronson, Meigan
AU  - Boebinger, Gregory S.
AU  - Broholm, Collin L.
AU  - Cooper, S. Lance
AU  - Crow, J.E.
AU  - Hammel, P. Chris
AU  - Lander, Gerry
T1  - Future probes in materials science
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Advancements in condensed matter science have been primarily driven by the discovery and refinement of new materials and innovative approaches to characterization tools. There are many examples where advances in spectroscopic techniques including electron and magnetic resonance, new and more accessible approaches to phase space (pressure, magnetic fields and temperature), and the development of major facilities, specifically photon and neutron sources have profoundly impacted the development and accelerated the advancement of condensed matter sciences. The importance that nations attach to future probes for materials sciences is reflected worldwide in the major investments being made in both large facilities and researcher driven instrumentation development. Within this presentation, several instrument areas are reviewed and opportunities for the development of future probes for materials science are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Magnetic fields
KW  - Pressure
KW  - Probes
KW  - Spectroscopies
KW  - User facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 8730012; Allen, James W. 1; Email Address: jwallen@umich.edu Aronson, Meigan 1; Email Address: maronson@umich.edu Boebinger, Gregory S. 2; Email Address: gsb@lanl.gov Broholm, Collin L. 3; Email Address: broholm@pha.jhu.edu Cooper, S. Lance 4; Email Address: slcooper@staff.uiuc.edu Crow, J.E. 5; Email Address: crow@magnet.fsu.edu Hammel, P. Chris 6; Email Address: pch@lanl.gov Lander, Gerry 7; Email Address: glander@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Randall Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-NHMFL, MS E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA  4: Loomis Laboratory of Physics, University of Illinois, 1110 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA  5: NHMFL, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-10, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-DO, MS G754, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 318 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopies; Author-Supplied Keyword: User facilities; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Functional complexity in correlated electron matter
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We outline several themes which have now emerged in both organic and inorganic correlated electronic materials: the prevalence of intrinsic complexity realized in the coexistence or competition among broken-symmetry ground states; the origin of landscapes in coupled spin, charge and lattice (orbital) degrees-of-freedom; the importance of co-existing short- and long-range forces; and the importance of multiscale complexity for key material properties, including hierarchies of functional, connected scales, coupled intrinsic inhomogeneities in spin, charge and lattice, consequent intrinsic multiple timescales, and the importance of multifunctional “electro-elastic” materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - BROKEN symmetry (Physics)
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - Complexity
KW  - Multiscale
N1  - Accession Number: 8730016; Bishop, A.R. 1; Email Address: arb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 318 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: BROKEN symmetry (Physics); Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiscale; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hecker, Siegfried S.
T1  - A tribute to Zachary Fisk
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We pay tribute to Zachary Fisk''s contributions to materials physics on the occasion of his 60th birthday. His theme of “new physics through new materials” was made possible by a love of chemistry, a thorough grasp of physics, and a life-long association with the best researchers in the field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Zachary Fisk
N1  - Accession Number: 8730019; Hecker, Siegfried S. 1; Email Address: sh@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: MST-DO, Los Alamos National Laboratory MS G754, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 318 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zachary Fisk; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - From <f>Ce3Bi4Pt3</f> to <f>CeCoIn5</f>: 10 years of new materials research at LANL
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We review the serendipitous but directed path from Kondo insulator <f>Ce3Bi4Pt3</f> to heavy-Fermion superconductor <f>CeCoIn5</f> as exemplary of Zachary Fisk''s unique approach to new materials synthesis. The significance as well as the current status of the <f>CeMIn5</f> materials is also discussed. Finally, based on these insights, we speculate as to paths forward in exploratory materials research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KONDO effect
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - <f>CeMIn5</f>
KW  - Heavy Fermions
KW  - New materials
N1  - Accession Number: 8730024; Sarrao, J.L. 1; Email Address: sarrao@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 318 Issue 1, p87; Subject Term: KONDO effect; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>CeMIn5</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy Fermions; Author-Supplied Keyword: New materials; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henning, Robert W.
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Novel oxidation of RbGa3 through substitution of gold for gallium—a reapportionment of the dodecahedral clusters
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2002/05/16/
VL  - 338
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
SN  - 09258388
AB  - Exploratory syntheses in the rubidium–gallium–late transition metal systems have revealed a family of nonstoichiometric compounds are formed in RbGa3−xMx systems (M=Cu, Ag and Au) that remain isostructural with RbGa3 (I4¯m2). Only the RbGa3−xAux products could be obtained in high yields, and these have been structurally defined for x=0.26(1) and 0.36(2) (saturation). Gold substitutes unequally on all three gallium positions in the structure of RbGa3, the anion of which consists of layers of interlinked Ga8 dodecahedral clusters plus 4-bonded gallium spacers between the layers. The effects of the oxidation of the structure by Au are well focused on a 0.19 A˚ elongation of a short, evidently π-bond at the 4¯ extremes of the Ga8 dodecahedron between x=0 and x=0.36. Extended Hu¨ckel band calculations on the anion network provide insights into the distortion, which evidently reflects an unequal electron distribution of the bonding states in a deltahedron made of two types of cluster atoms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINTL compounds
KW  - TRANSITION metal compounds
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Chemical synthesis
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Electronic band structure
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Zintl phases
N1  - Accession Number: 7782901; Henning, Robert W. 1 Corbett, John D.; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory-DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 338 Issue 1/2, p4; Subject Term: ZINTL compounds; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zintl phases; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miao, X.Y.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Effects of annealing temperature and time on the electrical resistivity of single crystal RNi2B2C (R=Gd–Lu, Y)
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2002/05/16/
VL  - 338
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 09258388
AB  - An optimal annealing temperature and time was determined for single crystal samples of the RNi2B2C series, R=Gd–Lu, Y. For R=Dy–Tm, Lu and Y dramatic improvements in the low temperature resistivity, residual resistivity ratio and implicitly the electronic mean free path were found for annealing temperature T=1000 °C and annealing time <F>t&ap;75–100</F> h. This annealing schedule is somewhat less effective in changing the temperature dependent resistivities of TbNi2B2C and GdNi2B2C but it produces dramatic changes in the resistivity of the heavy Fermion compound YbNi2B2C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - Electronic transport
KW  - Intermetallics
KW  - Magnetically ordered materials
KW  - Superconductor
N1  - Accession Number: 7782902; Miao, X.Y. 1 Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Canfield, P.C.; Email Address: canfield@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 338 Issue 1/2, p13; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetically ordered materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductor; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Yongbin
AU  - Harmon, B.N.
T1  - First principles calculation of elastic properties of AlMgB14
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2002/05/16/
VL  - 338
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
SN  - 09258388
AB  - We have calculated the electronic structure and elastic properties of AlMgB<F>14</F> for which, with small chemical modification, ultra hardness was reported recently. The calculated density of states and elastic constants are presented. Additionally, we have calculated the elastic anisotropy and elastic wave velocity. Together with the measured hardness, the calculated shear modulus is consistent with the empirical proportionality observed between shear moduli and microhardness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ALUMINUM compounds
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - 62.20.Dc
KW  - 62.20.Qp
KW  - 71.20.Lp
N1  - Accession Number: 7782933; Lee, Yongbin 1 Harmon, B.N.; Email Address: harmon@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 338 Issue 1/2, p242; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ALUMINUM compounds; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: 62.20.Dc; Author-Supplied Keyword: 62.20.Qp; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.20.Lp; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haseyama, T.
AU  - Asahi, K.
AU  - Bowman, J.D.
AU  - Delheij, P.P.J.
AU  - Funahashi, H.
AU  - Ishimoto, S.
AU  - Jones, G.
AU  - Masaike, A.
AU  - Masuda, Y.
AU  - Matsuda, Y.
AU  - Morimoto, K.
AU  - Muto, S.
AU  - Penttilä, S.I.
AU  - Pomeroy, V.R.
AU  - Sakai, K.
AU  - Sharapov, E.I.
AU  - Smith, D.A.
AU  - Yuan, V.W.
T1  - Measurement of parity-nonconserving rotation of neutron spin in the 0.734-eV p-wave resonance of 139La
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/05/16/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The parity nonconserving spin rotation of neutrons in the 0.734-eV p-wave resonance of 139La was measured with the neutron transmission method. Two optically polarized 3He cells were used before and behind a 5-cm long 139La target, each as a polarizer and an analyzer for neutron spin. The rotation angle was carefully measured by flipping the direction of 3He polarization in the polarizer in sequence. The peak-to-peak value of the spin rotation was determined to be <f>(7.4±1.1)×10−3</f> rad<f>/</f>cm. The result is found to be consistent with the previous experiments, but the result was statistically improved. The s–p mixing model gives the weak matrix element as <f>xW=(1.71±0.25)</f> meV. The value agrees well with the one deduced from the parity-nonconserving longitudinal asymmetry in the same resonance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 7804327; Haseyama, T. 1; Email Address: haseyama@carrack.kuicr.kyoto-u.ac.jp Asahi, K. 2 Bowman, J.D. 3 Delheij, P.P.J. 4 Funahashi, H. 1 Ishimoto, S. 5 Jones, G. 6 Masaike, A. 1 Masuda, Y. 5 Matsuda, Y. 1 Morimoto, K. 5 Muto, S. 5 Penttilä, S.I. 3 Pomeroy, V.R. 7 Sakai, K. 2 Sharapov, E.I. 8 Smith, D.A. 3 Yuan, V.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan  2: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama 2-12-1, Meguroku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3  5: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  6: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460, USA  7: Physics Department, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA  8: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 534 Issue 1-4, p39; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barenboim, G.
AU  - Borissov, L.
AU  - Lykken, J.
T1  - Neutrinos that violate <f>CPT</f>, and the experiments that love them
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/05/16/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 106
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Recently we proposed a framework for explaining the observed evidence for neutrino oscillations without enlarging the neutrino sector, by introducing <f>CPT</f>-violating Dirac masses for the neutrinos. In this Letter we continue the exploration of the phenomenology of <f>CPT</f> violation in the neutrino sector. We show that our <f>CPT</f>-violating model fits the existing SuperKamiokande data at least as well as the standard atmospheric neutrino oscillation models. We discuss the challenge of measuring <f>CP</f> violation in a neutrino sector that also violates <f>CPT</f>. We point out that the proposed off-axis extension of MINOS looks especially promising in this regard. Finally, we describe a method to compute <f>CPT</f>-violating neutrino effects by mocking them up with analog matter effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 7804339; Barenboim, G. 1; Email Address: gabriela@fnal.gov Borissov, L. 2 Lykken, J. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  3: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 534 Issue 1-4, p106; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takahashi, Kenji
AU  - Bartels, David M.
AU  - Cline, Jason A.
AU  - Jonah, Charles D.
T1  - Reaction rates of the hydrated electron with <f>NO2−</f>, <f>NO3−</f>, and hydronium ions as a function of temperature from 125 to 380 °C
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/05/17/
VL  - 357
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 358
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Reaction rates were measured for the reaction of the hydrated electron with sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, and perchloric acid using pulse radiolysis/transient absorption at temperatures up to 380 °C. For nitrate and nitrite, the rates increase as the temperature increases, reach a maximum around 125–200 °C and then decrease. Above 350 °C the rates increase again sharply. The perchloric acid rates strongly increase between 250 and 350 °C, and decrease sharply at 380 °C. We interpret the unusual rate behavior at supercritical temperatures in terms of ion pairing, which eliminates coulombic attraction/repulsion between the reactants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSE radiolysis
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PERCHLORIC acid
N1  - Accession Number: 7808094; Takahashi, Kenji 1,2 Bartels, David M. 1 Cline, Jason A. 1 Jonah, Charles D. 1; Email Address: cdjonah@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 357 Issue 5/6, p358; Subject Term: PULSE radiolysis; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PERCHLORIC acid; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Xi
AU  - Zhai, Hua-Jin
AU  - Wang, Lai-Sheng
T1  - Photoelectron spectroscopy of pentaatomic tetracoordinate planar carbon molecules: <f>CAl3Si−</f> and <f>CAl3Ge−</f>
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/05/17/
VL  - 357
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We report a temperature-dependent photoelectron spectroscopy study of <f>CAl3Si−</f> and <f>CAl3Ge−</f>, the first pentaatomic planar-carbon molecules characterized in both their anionic and neutral states. Significantly improved spectra were obtained under cold experimental conditions, allowing us to determine the electron affinities of <f>CAl3Si</f> (2.77 eV) and <f>CAl3Ge</f> (2.70 eV) for the first time. Three photon energies were used and the 193-nm spectra revealed two additional detachment features, allowing a total of six detachment channels to be observed for each anion. The measured vertical detachment energies and electron affinities were compared with the previous theoretical predictions, and excellent agreement was observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NEUTRALITY
N1  - Accession Number: 7808103; Li, Xi 1 Zhai, Hua-Jin 1 Wang, Lai-Sheng; Email Address: ls.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99352, USA and W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 357 Issue 5/6, p415; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NEUTRALITY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferreiro, Elena
AU  - Iancu, Edmond
AU  - Leonidov, Andrei
AU  - McLerran, Larry
T1  - Nonlinear gluon evolution in the color glass condensate: II
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/05/20/
VL  - 703
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 489
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We complete the construction of the renormalization group equation (RGE) for the color glass condensate begun in Paper I. This is the equation which governs the evolution with rapidity of the statistical weight function for the color glass field. The coefficients in this equation—one-loop real and virtual contributions—are computed explicitly, to all orders in the color glass field. The resulting RGE can be interpreted as the imaginary-time evolution equation, with rapidity as the “imaginary time”, for a quantum field theory in two spatial dimensions. In the weak-field limit it reduces to the BFKL equation. In the general nonlinear case, it is equivalent to an equation by Weigert which summarizes in functional form the evolution equations for Wilson-line operators previously derived by Balitsky and Kovchegov. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RENORMALIZATION group
KW  - GLUONS
N1  - Accession Number: 7797607; Ferreiro, Elena 1 Iancu, Edmond 2; Email Address: iancu@spht.saclay.ces.fr Leonidov, Andrei 3 McLerran, Larry 4; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Fısica de Partıculas, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain  2: Service de Physique Théorique, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France  3: P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia  4: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11979, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 703 Issue 1/2, p489; Subject Term: RENORMALIZATION group; Subject Term: GLUONS; Number of Pages: 50p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mildner, D.F.R.
AU  - Carpenter, J.M.
T1  - Time uncertainty for guided long wavelength neutrons on a pulsed source
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/21/
VL  - 484
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 486
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The additional broadening of the time distribution of a pulse of neutrons associated with path length uncertainties caused by multiple reflections within a guide is generally small. This can become considerable for long wavelength instruments on a pulsed neutron source. This paper reports calculations for both the straight and the curved guide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - PULSED neutron techniques
KW  - Critical angle of reflection
KW  - Long wavelength neutrons
KW  - Multiple reflection
KW  - Neutron guides
KW  - Path length uncertainty
KW  - Pulse neutron sources
KW  - Time resolution
KW  - Time uncertainty
KW  - Time-of-flight
N1  - Accession Number: 7807844; Mildner, D.F.R. 1; Email Address: mildner@nist.gov Carpenter, J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8563, USA  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 484 Issue 1-3, p486; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: PULSED neutron techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical angle of reflection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long wavelength neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple reflection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron guides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Path length uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse neutron sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Geronimo, Gianluigi
AU  - O’Connor, Paul
AU  - Kandasamy, Anand
T1  - Analog CMOS peak detect and hold circuits. Part 1. Analysis of the classical configuration
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/21/
VL  - 484
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Peak detectors (peak-detect-and-hold circuits, PDHs) are a key element in nuclear electronics signal processing and have been incorporated as a fully integrated block in several front-end readout chips. In CMOS designs, the PDH uses an MOS current source as the rectifying element inside the feedback loop of a high-gain amplifier. However, the non-idealities in the amplifier and feedback elements significantly limit its accuracy and stability.This paper reports on the limits of the classical CMOS PDH. Static errors due to offset, finite gain, and common-mode rejection, dynamic errors due to parasitic capacitive coupling and slew rate, and loop stability are analyzed. Expressions for each error source and consequent design tradeoffs between accuracy, speed, and dynamic range, and driving capability are derived. In a related article (Part 2), a two-phase PDH configuration, which overcomes the major limits of the classical approach is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CMOS
KW  - Derandomizer
KW  - Peak detect and hold
N1  - Accession Number: 7807849; De Geronimo, Gianluigi; Email Address: degeronimo@bnl.gov O’Connor, Paul 1 Kandasamy, Anand 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Instrumentation Division, Bldg 535B, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 484 Issue 1-3, p533; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Derandomizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak detect and hold; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Geronimo, Gianluigi
AU  - O’Connor, Paul
AU  - Kandasamy, Anand
T1  - Analog CMOS peak detect and hold circuits. Part 2. The two-phase offset-free and derandomizing configuration
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/21/
VL  - 484
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 544
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An analog CMOS peak detect and hold (PDH) circuit, which combines high speed and accuracy, rail-to-rail sensing and driving, low power, and buffering is presented. It is based on a configuration that cancels the major error sources of the classical CMOS PDH, including offset and common mode gain, by re-using the same amplifier for tracking, peak sensing, and output buffering. By virtue of its high absolute accuracy, two or more PDHs can be used in parallel to serve as a data-driven analog memory for derandomization.The first experimental results on the new peak detector and derandomizer (PDD) circuit, fabricated in 0.35 μm CMOS technology, include a 0.2% absolute accuracy for pulses with 500 ns peaking time, 2.7 V linear input range, 3.3 mW power dissipation, 250 mV/s droop rate, and negligible dead time. The use of such a high performance analog PDD can greatly relax the requirements on the digitization in multi-channel systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - CMOS
KW  - Derandomizer
KW  - Peak detect and hold
N1  - Accession Number: 7807850; De Geronimo, Gianluigi; Email Address: degeronimo@bnl.gov O’Connor, Paul 1 Kandasamy, Anand 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Instrumentation Division, Building 535B, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 484 Issue 1-3, p544; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Derandomizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak detect and hold; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kirbach, U.W.
AU  - Folden III, C.M.
AU  - Ginter, T.N.
AU  - Gregorich, K.E.
AU  - Lee, D.M.
AU  - Ninov, V.
AU  - Omtvedt, J.P.
AU  - Patin, J.B.
AU  - Seward, N.K.
AU  - Strellis, D.A.
AU  - Sudowe, R.
AU  - Türler, A.
AU  - Wilk, P.A.
AU  - Zielinski, P.M.
AU  - Hoffman, D.C.
AU  - Nitsche, H.
T1  - The Cryo-Thermochromatographic Separator (CTS): : A new rapid separation and α-detection system for on-line chemical studies of highly volatile osmium and hassium (Z=108) tetroxides
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/21/
VL  - 484
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 587
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Cryo-Thermochromatographic Separator (CTS) was designed and constructed for rapid, continuous on-line separation and simultaneous detection of highly volatile compounds of short-lived α-decaying isotopes of osmium and hassium (Hs, <f>Z=108</f>). A flowing carrier gas containing the volatile species is passed through a channel formed by two facing rows of 32 α-particle detectors, cooled to form a temperature gradient extending from 247 K at the channel entrance down to 176 K at the exit. The volatile species adsorb onto the SiO2-coated detector surfaces at a characteristic deposition temperature and are identified by their observed α-decay energies. The CTS was tested on-line with OsO4 prepared from 169–173Os isotopes produced in 118,120Sn(56Fe, 3,4,5n) reactions. An adsorption enthalpy for OsO4 of −40.2±1.5 kJ/mol on SiO2 was deduced by comparing the measured deposition distribution with Monte Carlo simulations. This successful result demonstrates that such a system provides a viable means for the first chemical study of hassium—which is expected to be a homologue of osmium—by determining whether it forms a similarly volatile oxide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - OSMIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - (α-detection system
KW  - Cryo-thermochromatography
KW  - Hassium tetroxide
KW  - On-line separator
KW  - Volatile transactinides
N1  - Accession Number: 7807854; Kirbach, U.W. 1,2; Email Address: u.kirbach@ifw-dresden.de Folden III, C.M. 1,3 Ginter, T.N. 1 Gregorich, K.E. 1 Lee, D.M. 1 Ninov, V. 1 Omtvedt, J.P. 1,4 Patin, J.B. 1,3 Seward, N.K. 1,5 Strellis, D.A. 1,6 Sudowe, R. 1 Türler, A. 7,8 Wilk, P.A. 1,3 Zielinski, P.M. 1,2,3 Hoffman, D.C. 1,3 Nitsche, H. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: The Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Chemistry Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway  5: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK  6: Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  7: Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  8: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bern University, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 484 Issue 1-3, p587; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Subject Term: OSMIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: (α-detection system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryo-thermochromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hassium tetroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: On-line separator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile transactinides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langen, K.M.
AU  - Binns, P.J.
AU  - Lennox, A.J.
AU  - Kroc, T.K.
AU  - DeLuca Jr., P.M.
T1  - Pileup correction of microdosimetric spectra
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/21/
VL  - 484
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 595
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Microdosimetric spectra were measured at the Fermilab neutron therapy facility using low pressure proportional counters operated in pulse mode. The neutron beam has a very low duty cycle <f>(<0.1%)</f> and consequently a high instantaneous dose rate which causes distortions of the microdosimetric spectra due to pulse pileup. The determination of undistorted spectra at this facility necessitated (i) the modified operation of the proton accelerator to reduce the instantaneous dose rate and (ii) the establishment of a computational procedure to correct the measured spectra for remaining pileup distortions. In support of the latter effort, two different pileup simulation algorithms using analytical and Monte-Carlo-based approaches were developed. While the analytical algorithm allows a detailed analysis of pileup processes it only treats two-pulse and three-pulse pileup and its validity is hence restricted. A Monte-Carlo-based pileup algorithm was developed that inherently treats all degrees of pileup. This algorithm can be used in an iterative manner to correct pileup distorted spectra. The pileup simulation and correction codes compared well with experimental data. A set of pileup distorted spectra that were collected under different setup configurations at the Fermilab facility were corrected for pileup. Analysis of the spectral variations between the spectra is consistent with findings reported in the literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MICRODOSIMETRY
KW  - NEUTRON beams
KW  - Microdosimetry
KW  - Neutron therapy
KW  - Pulse pileup
N1  - Accession Number: 7807855; Langen, K.M. 1; Email Address: langen@radonc17.ucsf.edu Binns, P.J. 1 Lennox, A.J. 2 Kroc, T.K. 2 DeLuca Jr., P.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Accelerator Centre, P.O. Box 72, Faure 7131, South Africa  2: Neutron Therapy Facility, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of Wisconsin, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 484 Issue 1-3, p595; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MICRODOSIMETRY; Subject Term: NEUTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microdosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse pileup; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, M.K.
AU  - Bracken, D.S.
T1  - Calorimeter prediction based on multiple exponentials
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/21/
VL  - 484
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 668
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Calorimetry allows very precise measurements of nuclear material to be carried out, but it also requires relatively long measurement times to do so. The ability to accurately predict the equilibrium response of a calorimeter would significantly reduce the amount of time required for calorimetric assays. An algorithm has been developed that is effective at predicting the equilibrium response. This multi-exponential prediction algorithm is based on an iterative technique using commercial fitting routines that fit a constant plus a variable number of exponential terms to calorimeter data. Details of the implementation and the results of trials on a large number of calorimeter data sets will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - Calorimetry
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Prediction
KW  - Time-savings
N1  - Accession Number: 7807863; Smith, M.K.; Email Address: mks@lanl.gov Bracken, D.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NIS-5 Safeguards Science and Technology, Bikini Atol Road, MS E40, SM-30, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 484 Issue 1-3, p668; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-savings; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wojcik, R.
AU  - Yan, C.
T1  - Hall C raster veto/flag generator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/05/21/
VL  - 484
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 690
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Due to the high intensity and small size of the continuous electron beam produced at Jefferson Lab,1<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>The Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-84ER40150.</fn> one must raster it over the target to keep the properties of the target stable during an experiment. Rastering the beam using sign-wave control signals to produce a Lissajous pattern, however, causes the beam to remain at the edges of the target longer than the center. In these regions, the local heating can be much higher than the central region generating considerable luminosity losses affecting the quality of the data. This circuit tracks the <f>X</f> and <f>Y</f> raster waveforms and sends out NIM and TTL VETO/FLAG pulses when <f>X2+Y2</f> is greater than a user set threshold based on the percentage of the peak voltage on the <f>Y</f> input. The VETO/FLAG can be used to limit the acquisition/analysis of the data to a circular region in the center of the raster pattern. This circuit automatically compensates for changing frequency and voltage to maintain a constant percent trigger from 0.4 to 5 V peak to the peak of the raster waveform. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - HALL effect
KW  - Beam
KW  - Raster
KW  - Target
N1  - Accession Number: 7807866; Wojcik, R.; Email Address: wojcik@jlab.org Yan, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab), Physics Division, 12000 Jefferson Ave., Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 484 Issue 1-3, p690; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: HALL effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raster; Author-Supplied Keyword: Target; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mason, T.O.
AU  - Gonzalez, G.B.
AU  - Kammler, D.R.
AU  - Mansourian-Hadavi, N.
AU  - Ingram, B.J.
T1  - Defect chemistry and physical properties of transparent conducting oxides in the CdO-In2O3-SnO2 system
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/05/22/
VL  - 411
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 106
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Combined solid state phase diagram studies and physical property measurements of the various n-type transparent conducting oxide (TCO) phases in the CdO-In2O3-SnO2 system have been carried out. The 1175 °C (air) subsolidus phase diagram has been established, including solid solution limits for binary and ternary compositions. From these limits and electrical property measurements vs. doping and degree of reduction, the prevailing defect mechanisms can be deduced. In addition to intrinsic (native) defects (e.g. oxygen vacancies) and extrinsic donor-doping of the end member compounds (e.g. SnIn⋅ in In2O3), ternary solid solutions exhibit both isovalent doping (e.g. [<f>Cd′In</f>]=[SnIn⋅] in bixbyite, spinel) and donor-to-acceptor imbalance (e.g. [SnIn⋅]>[<f>Cd′In</f>] in bixbyite, spinel). Aliovalent doping can also lead to the formation of point defect associates, as in Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO), as confirmed by combined Rietveld analyses of X-ray and neutron diffraction data. Cation exchange between sublattices in the spinel phase plays an important role in determining phase stability and band structure. The physical properties of the TCO phases in the CdO-In2O3-SnO2 system are presented for both bulk ceramics and thin films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - Electrical properties
KW  - Optical properties
KW  - Phase diagram
KW  - Point defects
KW  - Transparent conducting oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 7830361; Mason, T.O. 1; Email Address: t-mason@northwestern.edu Gonzalez, G.B. 1 Kammler, D.R. 2 Mansourian-Hadavi, N. 1 Ingram, B.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Northwestern University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Center, 2225 North Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 411 Issue 1, p106; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Point defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transparent conducting oxides; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perkins, J.D.
AU  - del Cueto, J.A.
AU  - Alleman, J.L
AU  - Warmsingh, C.
AU  - Keyes, B.M.
AU  - Gedvilas, L.M.
AU  - Parilla, P.A.
AU  - To, B.
AU  - Readey, D.W.
AU  - Ginley, D.S.
T1  - Combinatorial studies of Zn-Al-O and Zn-Sn-O transparent conducting oxide thin films
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/05/22/
VL  - 411
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 152
SN  - 00406090
AB  - In this work, we discuss the development of combinatorial deposition and analysis tools for the investigation of and the optimization of transparent conducting oxides. Library deposition by co-sputtering followed by optical analysis is shown to be a facile way to achieve these goals. Initial work focused on Zn-Al-O libraries with low Al contents as a test case. Subsequent work has focused on the ZnO-SnO2 tie line. Local maxima in the composition dependence of the conductivity were found for Zn/Sn ≈2:1 (Zn2SnO4) and Zn/Sn ≈1:1 (ZnSnO3). For these two representative stoichiometries, constant composition films have also been grown by pulsed laser deposition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - Combinatorial
KW  - TCO
KW  - Thin film
KW  - Transparent conducting oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 7830372; Perkins, J.D. 1; Email Address: john_perkins@nrel.gov del Cueto, J.A. 1 Alleman, J.L 1 Warmsingh, C. 2 Keyes, B.M. 1 Gedvilas, L.M. 1 Parilla, P.A. 1 To, B. 1 Readey, D.W. 2 Ginley, D.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, SERF-E100-49, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden CO, 80401-3393, USA  2: Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 411 Issue 1, p152; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combinatorial; Author-Supplied Keyword: TCO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transparent conducting oxides; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chin, Ching-Ju
AU  - Yiacoumi, Sotira
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
T1  - Agglomeration of magnetic particles and breakup of magnetic chains in surfactant solutions
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2002/05/23/
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 09277757
AB  - This study investigates the transition from reversible secondary to irreversible primary-minimum aggregation of superparamagnetic particles in surfactant solutions. The magnetic induction at which this transition occurs is experimentally determined by visualization of chain formation under a magnetic field and chain breakup after the field is removed. The value of the theoretical transitional magnetic induction is calculated from the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory, which includes van der Waals, electrostatic, and magnetic-dipole forces, as well as non-DLVO steric repulsion. Experimental results show that the transitional magnetic induction increases with higher concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). When the surfactant concentration is high, the theoretical value of transitional magnetic induction agrees well with the experimental value. Only when the surface of the particles is completely covered by surfactant molecules can the secondary-minimum chains break up quickly to form a uniformly dispersed particle suspension after the magnetic force is removed. Moreover, such investigations reveal that the primary-minimum chains are shorter when they are formed in solutions of higher concentrations of SDS. This phenomenon occurs because the nonequilibrium steric repulsion between adsorbed SDS layers on the surface of the particles allows the transition from secondary- to primary-minimum aggregation for some of the particles in a chain. When the SDS segments are not adequately compressed, long chains formed in SDS solutions break up at points of secondary-minimum aggregation after removal of the magnetic force. At these points, the adsorbed SDS layers keep particles away from the primary-minimum, leading to the breakup of long chains and formation of short primary-minimum magnetic chains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLUSTERING of particles
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - Chain breakup
KW  - Magnetorhological fluid
KW  - Particle aggregation
KW  - Sodium dodecyl sulfate
N1  - Accession Number: 7796255; Chin, Ching-Ju 1 Yiacoumi, Sotira 1; Email Address: syiacoumi@ce.gatech.edu Tsouris, Costas 2; Email Address: tsourisc@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA  2: Separations and Materials Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 204 Issue 1-3, p63; Subject Term: CLUSTERING of particles; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chain breakup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetorhological fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium dodecyl sulfate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ridley, Moira K.
AU  - Machesky, Michael L.
AU  - Palmer, Donald A.
AU  - Wesolowski, David J.
T1  - Potentiometric studies of the rutile–water interface: hydrogen-electrode concentration-cell versus glass-electrode titrations
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2002/05/23/
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 09277757
AB  - This paper represents a comparison of surface protonation studies of rutile in NaCl media obtained using a conventional glass-electrode autotitrator system from 10 to 50 °C, and hydrogen-electrode concentration cells from 25 to 250 °C [J. Colloid Interface Sci., 200 (1998) 298]. Experimental conditions were matched as closely as possible between the two techniques, permitting a direct comparison of the results. Values for the pH of zero net proton charge (pHznpc) of the rutile surface obtained at 10 and 35 °C were consistent with the temperature trends observed previously using hydrogen-electrode concentration cells. The pHznpc of rutile decreases systematically from 5.7 to 4.2 as temperature increases from 10 to 250 °C. Moreover, the experimentally determined pHznpc values agree with independent estimates of the pH at the pristine point of zero charge (pHznpc) calculated from an extension of the revised Multi-Site Complexation (MUSIC) Model of Hiemstra et al. [J. Colloid Interface Sci., 184 (1996) 680]. Surface protonation curves obtained from the glass-electrode titration results were rationalized using surface protonation constants derived from the MUSIC Model, in conjunction with a Basic Stern representation of the electrical double layer (EDL) structure. Best-fit parameters (Stern layer capacitance values, and electrolyte cation and anion binding constants) are consistent with those obtained from fits to titration curves obtained using hydrogen-electrode concentration cells at 25 and 50 °C. Consequently, this comparison demonstrates that independent conventional glass-electrode and hydrogen-electrode concentration cell titrations provide completely compatible results despite the intrinsic differences in the two techniques (pH calibration, equilibration times, stirring rates, gas phase composition, etc). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTILE
KW  - SALT
KW  - Glass-electrode
KW  - Hydrogen-electrode concentration cell
KW  - Point of zero charge
KW  - Potentiometric titrations
KW  - Rutile
KW  - Surface protonation
N1  - Accession Number: 7796277; Ridley, Moira K. 1; Email Address: moira.ridley@ttu.edu Machesky, Michael L. 2 Palmer, Donald A. 3 Wesolowski, David J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, PO Box 41053, Lubbock, TX 79409-1053, USA  2: Illinois State Water Survey, 2204 Griffith Drive, Champaign, IL 61820-7495, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, OakRidge, TN 37831-6110, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 204 Issue 1-3, p295; Subject Term: RUTILE; Subject Term: SALT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass-electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen-electrode concentration cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Point of zero charge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potentiometric titrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rutile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface protonation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Csáki, Csaba
AU  - Kaloper, Nemanja
AU  - Terning, John
T1  - Effects of the intergalactic plasma on supernova dimming via photon–axion oscillations
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/05/23/
VL  - 535
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We have recently proposed a mechanism of photon–axion oscillations as a way of rendering supernovae dimmer without cosmic acceleration. Subsequently, it has been argued that the intergalactic plasma may interfere adversely with this mechanism by rendering the oscillations energy dependent. Here we show that this energy dependence is extremely sensitive to the precise value of the free electron density in the Universe. Decreasing the electron density by only a factor of 4 is already sufficient to bring the energy dependence within the experimental bounds. Models of the intergalactic medium show that for redshifts <f>z<1</f> about 97% of the total volume of space is filled with regions of density significantly lower than the average density. From these models we estimate that the average electron density in most of space is lower by at least a factor of 15 compared to the estimate based on one half of all baryons being uniformly distributed and ionized. Therefore the energy dependence of the photon–axion oscillations is consistent with experiment, and the oscillation model remains a viable alternative to the accelerating Universe for explaining the supernova observations. Furthermore, the electron density does give rise to a sufficiently large plasma frequency which cuts off the photon–axion mixing above microwave frequencies, shielding the cosmic microwave photons from axion conversions and significantly relaxing the lower bounds on the axion mass implied by the oscillation model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
N1  - Accession Number: 7808012; Csáki, Csaba 1,2; Email Address: csaki@mail.lns.cornell.edu Kaloper, Nemanja 3; Email Address: kaloper@stanford.edu Terning, John 1; Email Address: terning@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division T-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Newman Laboratory of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  3: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4060, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 535 Issue 1-4, p33; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huovinen, P.
AU  - Ruuskanen, P.V.
AU  - Räsänen, S.S.
T1  - Photon emission in heavy ion collisions at the CERN SPS
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/05/23/
VL  - 535
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We compute the thermal photon spectrum in the Pb<f>+</f>Pb collisions at the CERN SPS energy using thermal emission rates and a hydrodynamic description for the evolution of produced hot matter and compare our results with the measurements of the excess photons by the WA98 Collaboration. Our results show that the measured photon spectrum can be reproduced with realistic initial conditions which take properly into account also the finite longitudinal size of the initial collision zone and which simultaneously describe well both the transverse and longitudinal hadron spectra. In the scenario with initial formation of QGP the recently calculated emission rate, complete to order <f>αs</f>, reproduces the measured spectrum. However, the experimental spectrum can also be reproduced in a purely hadronic scenario without transition to QGP state, but a high initial temperature, much over the values predicted for the phase transition temperature <f>Tc</f>, is required. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 7808022; Huovinen, P. 1,2; Email Address: huovinen@physics.umn.edu Ruuskanen, P.V. 3; Email Address: vesa.ruuskanen@phys.jyu.fi Räsänen, S.S. 3; Email Address: sami.rasanen@phys.jyu.fi; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40351 Jyväskylä, Finland; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 535 Issue 1-4, p109; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolverton, C.
AU  - Yan, X.-Y.
AU  - Vijayaraghavan, R.
AU  - Ozoliņš, V.
T1  - Incorporating first-principles energetics in computational thermodynamics approaches
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/05/24/
VL  - 50
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2187
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Computational thermodynamic approaches have become a valuable tool in the calculation of complex, multicomponent phase equilibria often found in industrial alloys. These methods rely on databases of free energies, obtained from an optimization process involving experimental thermodynamic and phase diagram data. However, many phases of practical interest (e.g., metastable precipitate phases) are absent from computational thermodynamics databases, due to insufficient information to perform the optimization process. We demonstrate that first-principles, density functional calculations provide a means to obtain thermodynamic functions of phases absent from current databases. Two examples illustrate this hybrid first-principles/computational-thermodynamics approach: (1) the famous metastable Cu-containing precipitate phase, Al2Cu-θ′, often found in age-hardened aluminum alloys, and (2) a new assessment of thermodynamic data in the Al–Sr system. We show how first-principles input may be used in both binary and multicomponent industrial systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - LINEAR free energy relationship
KW  - Ab-initio calculation
KW  - Aluminum alloys
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Precipitation
N1  - Accession Number: 7803340; Wolverton, C. 1; Email Address: cwolvert@ford.com Yan, X.-Y. 2 Vijayaraghavan, R. 1 Ozoliņš, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Ford Research Laboratory, MD3028/SRL, Dearborn, MI 48121-2053, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 1509 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 50 Issue 9, p2187; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: LINEAR free energy relationship; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab-initio calculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Ho-Soon
AU  - Bai, G.-R.
AU  - Thompson, L.J.
AU  - Eastman, J.A.
T1  - Interfacial thermal resistance in nanocrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/05/24/
VL  - 50
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2309
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The grain-size dependent thermal conductivity of nanocrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia from 6–480K is reported. The thermal conductivity for a grain size of 10 nm is reduced to approximately half that of coarse-grained or single-crystal material at all measured temperatures. A method for determining the interfacial resistance to thermal transport in polycrystalline materials from measurements of grain-size-dependent thermal conductivity is described and applied. The results suggest a new strategy for identifying improved thermal barrier materials by choosing materials with large interfacial thermal resistance and reduced dimensionality or grain size, rather than by focusing on minimization of bulk thermal conductivity alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Chemical vapor deposition
KW  - Grain boundaries
KW  - Thermal conductivity
KW  - Thermal properties
N1  - Accession Number: 7803350; Yang, Ho-Soon 1 Bai, G.-R. 1 Thompson, L.J. 1 Eastman, J.A.; Email Address: jeastman@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 50 Issue 9, p2309; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal properties; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuh, C.A.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Yamasaki, T.
T1  - Hall–Petch breakdown manifested in abrasive wear resistance of nanocrystalline nickel
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/05/24/
VL  - 46
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The abrasion resistance of electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel is investigated using the nanoscratch technique with a ramping load. At the finest grain sizes studied (12–14 nm), a breakdown in Hall–Petch hardening is observed directly in hardness data, as well as indirectly in scratch resistance. The changes in abrasive wear behavior are quantitatively commensurate with the changes in hardness, despite the apparent transition in deformation mechanisms at the finest grain sizes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL compounds
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - STRAIN hardening
KW  - Indentation
KW  - Nanocrystalline nickel
KW  - Wear
N1  - Accession Number: 7795297; Schuh, C.A. 1; Email Address: schuh1@llnl.gov Nieh, T.G. 1 Yamasaki, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials Science and Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Himeji Institute of Technology, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2201, Japan; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 46 Issue 10, p735; Subject Term: NICKEL compounds; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: STRAIN hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singh, D.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Richardson Jr., J.W.
AU  - de Arellano-López, A.R.
T1  - Interfacial sliding stress in Si3N4/BN fibrous monoliths
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/05/24/
VL  - 46
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 747
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Pushout tests of Si3N4 cells in Si3N4/BN fibrous monoliths yielded values for debond and sliding stresses of <f>45±8</f> and <f>25±7</f> MPa, respectively. The sliding stress was consistent with estimates of residual stresses and the interfacial friction coefficient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Composite
KW  - Fibrous monolith
KW  - Interface
KW  - Stress
N1  - Accession Number: 7795299; Singh, D. 1 Goretta, K.C. 1; Email Address: ken.goretta@aoard.af.mil Richardson Jr., J.W. 1 de Arellano-López, A.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA  2: Departmento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 46 Issue 10, p747; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fibrous monolith; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Elmer, J.W.
AU  - DebRoy, T.
T1  - Kinetics of ferrite to austenite transformation during welding of 1005 steel
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/05/24/
VL  - 46
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 753
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The kinetics of ferrite to austenite phase transformation in 1005 steel during welding was quantitatively determined by a combination of phase mapping using X-ray diffraction and transport phenomena based numerical modeling. The results can be used to calculate the phase transformation rates under various thermal cycles for this steel. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - AUSTENITE
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Steels
KW  - Welding
N1  - Accession Number: 7795300; Zhang, W. 1 Elmer, J.W. 2 DebRoy, T. 1; Email Address: debroy@psu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 212 Steidle Building, University Park, PA 16802-5005, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 46 Issue 10, p753; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: AUSTENITE; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Welding; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Russo, Richard E.
AU  - Mao, Xianglei
AU  - Liu, Haichen
AU  - Gonzalez, Jhanis
AU  - Mao, Samuel S.
T1  - Laser ablation in analytical chemistry—a review
JO  - Talanta
JF  - Talanta
Y1  - 2002/05/24/
VL  - 57
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
SN  - 00399140
AB  - Laser ablation is becoming a dominant technology for direct solid sampling in analytical chemistry. Laser ablation refers to the process in which an intense burst of energy delivered by a short laser pulse is used to sample (remove a portion of) a material. The advantages of laser ablation chemical analysis include direct characterization of solids, no chemical procedures for dissolution, reduced risk of contamination or sample loss, analysis of very small samples not separable for solution analysis, and determination of spatial distributions of elemental composition. This review describes recent research to understand and utilize laser ablation for direct solid sampling, with emphasis on sample introduction to an inductively coupled plasma (ICP). Current research related to contemporary experimental systems, calibration and optimization, and fractionation is discussed, with a summary of applications in several areas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Inductively coupled plasma (ICP)
KW  - Laser ablation
N1  - Accession Number: 7814483; Russo, Richard E.; Email Address: rerusso@lbl.gov Mao, Xianglei 1 Liu, Haichen 1 Gonzalez, Jhanis 1 Mao, Samuel S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p425; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inductively coupled plasma (ICP); Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hebner, G.A.
T1  - Spatially resolved CF, CF2, SiF and SiF2 densities in fluorocarbon containing inductively driven discharges
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/05/30/
VL  - 192
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Laser-induced fluorescence was used to measure the spatially resolved CF, CF2, SiF and SiF2 radical densities in inductively driven discharges containing fluorocarbon gases while etching silicon. Measurements of the spatially resolved radical densities were performed in fluorocarbon containing gases such as C2F6, CHF3 and C4F8 as functions of the induction coil power, pressure and bias power above a silicon surface. Measurements of these four species provide information on parent gas dissociation products as well as etch products evolved from the surface. The spatial distributions of these radical species were quite different and did not follow all the optical emission. The spatial distribution of the CF density was peaked in the center of the plasma. The CF2 density had a local maximum in the center of the plasma. However, the CF2 density outside the glow region was a factor of 2–6 higher than the density inside the glow region, depending on the gas. The etch product SiF had a maximum at a radial distance of 2–3 cm from the center of the plasma, and then monotonically decreased towards the edge of the plasma region. While the peak density was a function of the plasma parameters, the general shape of the SiF spatial distribution was independent of the plasma conditions and gas. The SiF2 density had a maximum at a radial distance of approximately 7 cm from the center of the plasma. At this location, the SiF2 plasma-induced optical emission was approximately 10% of the value in the center of the discharge. The SiF2 spatial distribution was dependent on the induction coil power. The location of the peak in the SiF2 density did not depend on the plasma confinement structures or material. The scaling of the CF, CF2 and SiF densities in the center of the plasma with inductive power showed the importance of gas heating in determining the number density in the center of the plasma. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FLUOROCARBONS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - Discharge
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Fluorocarbon
KW  - Inductive
KW  - Laser
KW  - Optical
KW  - Plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 7841392; Hebner, G.A. 1; Email Address: gahebne@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1423, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 192 Issue 1-4, p161; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FLUOROCARBONS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inductive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, William C.
AU  - Sorey, Michael L.
AU  - Cook, Andrea C.
AU  - Kennedy, B. Mack
AU  - Shuster, David L.
AU  - Colvard, Elizabeth M.
AU  - White, Lloyd D.
AU  - Huebner, Mark A.
T1  - Tracing and quantifying magmatic carbon discharge in cold groundwaters: lessons learned from Mammoth Mountain, USA
JO  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
JF  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
Y1  - 2002/05/30/
VL  - 114
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 03770273
AB  - A major campaign to quantify the magmatic carbon discharge in cold groundwaters around Mammoth Mountain volcano in eastern California was carried out from 1996 to 1999. The total water flow from all sampled cold springs was ≥1.8×107 m3/yr draining an area that receives an estimated 2.5×107 m3/yr of recharge, suggesting that sample coverage of the groundwater system was essentially complete. Some of the waters contain magmatic helium with 3He/4He ratios as high as 4.5 times the atmospheric ratio, and a magmatic component in the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) can be identified in virtually every feature sampled. Many waters have a 14C of 0–5 pmC, a δ13C near −5‰, and contain high concentrations (20–50 mmol/l) of CO2(aq); but are otherwise dilute (specific conductance=100–300 μS/cm) with low pH values between 5 and 6. Such waters have previously escaped notice at Mammoth Mountain, and possibly at many other volcanoes, because CO2 is rapidly lost to the air as the water flows away from the springs, leaving neutral pH waters containing only 1–3 mmol/l HCO3−. The total discharge of magmatic carbon in the cold groundwater system at Mammoth Mountain is ∼20 000 t/yr (as CO2), ranging seasonally from about 30 to 90 t/day. Several types of evidence show that this high discharge of magmatic DIC arose in part because of shallow dike intrusion in 1989, but also demonstrate that a long-term discharge possibly half this magnitude (∼10 000 t/yr) predated that intrusion. To sustain a 10 000 t/yr DIC discharge would require a magma intrusion rate of 0.057 km3 per century, assuming complete degassing of magma with 0.65 wt% CO2 and a density of 2.7 t/m3. The geochemical data also identify a small (<1 t/day) discharge of magmatic DIC that can be traced to the Inyo Domes area north of Mammoth Mountain and outside the associated Long Valley caldera. This research, along with recent studies at Lassen Peak and other western USA volcanoes, suggests that the amount of magmatic carbon in cold groundwaters is important to constraining rates of intrusion and edifice weathering at individual volcanoes and may even represent a significant fraction of the global carbon discharge from volcanoes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MAGMAS
KW  - VOLCANOES
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - groundwater
KW  - magmatic gas
KW  - volcanoes
N1  - Accession Number: 7821121; Evans, William C. 1; Email Address: wcevans@usgs.gov Sorey, Michael L. 1 Cook, Andrea C. 2 Kennedy, B. Mack 3 Shuster, David L. 3 Colvard, Elizabeth M. 1 White, Lloyd D. 1 Huebner, Mark A. 1; Affiliation:  1: US Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Center for Isotope Geochemistry, Berkeley, CA 94701, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 114 Issue 3/4, p291; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MAGMAS; Subject Term: VOLCANOES; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: magmatic gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: volcanoes; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Visconti, P.
AU  - Huang, D.
AU  - Reshchikov, M.A.
AU  - Yun, F.
AU  - Cingolani, R.
AU  - Smith, D.J.
AU  - Jasinski, J.
AU  - Swider, W.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Morkoç, H.
T1  - Investigation of defects and surface polarity in GaN using hot wet etching together with microscopy and diffraction techniques
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/05/30/
VL  - 93
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 09215107
AB  - The availability of reliable and quick methods to determine defect density and polarity in GaN films is of great interest. Photo-electrochemical (PEC) and hot wet etching using both H3PO4 and molten KOH have been used to estimate the defect density in GaN by producing at the surface defect sites freestanding whiskers and hexagonal pits, respectively. Using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), we found the whisker density to be similar to etch pit density for samples etched under precise conditions. Additionally, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed dislocation densities obtained by etching which increased our confidence in the consistency of methods used. Hot wet etching was used also to investigate the polarity of GaN films together with Convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) and AFM imaging. We found that hot H3PO4 etches N-polar GaN films very quickly resulting in the complete removal or drastic change of surface morphology. On the contrary, the acid attacks only defect sites in Ga-polar films producing pits but leaving the defect-free GaN intact and the morphology unchanged. Additionally, the polarity assignments were related to the as-grown morphology and to the growth conditions. We have found that the GaN films grown on high temperature AlN and GaN buffer layers on sapphire by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) show Ga and N-polarity, respectively. However, the polarity of GaN films grown on low temperature AlN or GaN buffer layers depends critically on the growth conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7796805; Visconti, P. 1,2,3; Email Address: paolo.visconti@unile.it Huang, D. 1 Reshchikov, M.A. 1 Yun, F. 1 Cingolani, R. 2 Smith, D.J. 4 Jasinski, J. 5 Swider, W. 5 Liliental-Weber, Z. 5 Morkoç, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, VCU, 601 W. Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA  2: National Nanotechnology Laboratory of INFM-NNL, Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Lecce, Via per Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy  3: Istituto per lo Studio di Nuovi Materiali per l'Elettronica-CNR, Via per Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Solid State Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 93 Issue 1-3, p229; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Weiru
AU  - Cho, Ho S.
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Jancarik, Jaru
AU  - Yokota, Hisao
AU  - Nguyen, Henry H.
AU  - Grigoriev, Igor V.
AU  - Wemmer, David E.
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hou
T1  - Structural Characterization of the Reaction Pathway in Phosphoserine Phosphatase: Crystallographic “snapshots” of Intermediate States
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/05/31/
VL  - 319
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP) is a member of a large class of enzymes that catalyze phosphoester hydrolysis using a phosphoaspartate–enzyme intermediate. PSP is a likely regulator of the steady-state d-serine level in the brain, which is a critical co-agonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate type of glutamate receptors. Here, we present high-resolution (1.5–1.9 A˚) structures of PSP from Methanococcus jannaschii, which define the open state prior to substrate binding, the complex with phosphoserine substrate bound (with a D to N mutation in the active site), and the complex with AlF3, a transition-state analog for the phospho-transfer steps in the reaction. These structures, together with those described for the BeF3− complex (mimicking the phospho-enzyme) and the enzyme with phosphate product in the active site, provide a detailed structural picture of the full reaction cycle. The structure of the apo state indicates partial unfolding of the enzyme to allow substrate binding, with refolding in the presence of substrate to provide specificity. Interdomain and active-site conformational changes are identified. The structure with the transition state analog bound indicates a “tight” intermediate. A striking structure homology, with significant sequence conservation, among PSP, P-type ATPases and response regulators suggests that the knowledge of the PSP reaction mechanism from the structures determined will provide insights into the reaction mechanisms of the other enzymes in this family. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATASES
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - APUP, aspartyl-phosphate-utilizing phosphohydrolase/phosphotransferase
KW  - HAD, haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase
KW  - NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartate
KW  - PLS, phospho-l-serine
KW  - PSP, phosphoserine phosphatase
KW  - PTP, phosphotyrosine phosphatase
N1  - Accession Number: 8498383; Wang, Weiru 1 Cho, Ho S. 2 Kim, Rosalind 2 Jancarik, Jaru 1 Yokota, Hisao 2 Nguyen, Henry H. 2 Grigoriev, Igor V. 1 Wemmer, David E. 1,2; Email Address: dewemmer@lbl.gov Kim, Sung-Hou 1,2; Email Address: shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-5230, USA  2: Physical Biosciences Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 319 Issue 2, p421; Subject Term: PHOSPHATASES; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: APUP, aspartyl-phosphate-utilizing phosphohydrolase/phosphotransferase; Author-Supplied Keyword: HAD, haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartate; Author-Supplied Keyword: PLS, phospho-l-serine; Author-Supplied Keyword: PSP, phosphoserine phosphatase; Author-Supplied Keyword: PTP, phosphotyrosine phosphatase; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tilley, T. Don
T1  - Molecular design and synthesis of heterogeneous and single-site, supported catalysts
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05/31/
VL  - 182/183
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
SN  - 13811169
AB  - This contribution describes a non-aqueous, molecular precursor approach to the preparation of mixed-element oxides, which allows a degree of molecular-level control over the nanostructure of the resulting materials. This approach, referred to as the thermolytic molecular precursor method, has been used to obtain highly dispersed mixed-element oxide materials. In some cases, this methodology provides heterogeneous catalysts which possess superior properties relative to catalysts with the same composition, but prepared by traditional aqueous methods. It has also been found that certain molecular precursors are useful for introduction of surface-bound catalytic species. With this method, multicomponent molecular precursors may be used to produce porous materials with nano-sized voids. This affords mixed-oxide materials with a homogeneous dispersion of metal atoms throughout the inorganic framework walls of a mesoporous material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROGENEOUS catalysis
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Heterogeneous
KW  - Molecular precursor
KW  - Selective oxidation
KW  - Single-site
N1  - Accession Number: 7807043; Tilley, T. Don 1,2; Email Address: tilley@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 182/183 Issue 4, p17; Subject Term: HETEROGENEOUS catalysis; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular precursor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-site; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skubal, L.R.
AU  - Meshkov, N.K.
AU  - Vogt, M.C.
T1  - Detection and identification of gaseous organics using a TiO2 sensor
JO  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05/31/
VL  - 148
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 10106030
AB  - It is well established that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be mineralized to innocuous organic compounds when illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) light [J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 108 (1997) 1]. The focus of this research is the development of a TiO2-based microsensor that uses these photocatalytic reactions to identify specific gaseous organic compounds and allow operation at ambient temperatures. TiO2 microsensors are produced using thick-film lithographic methods and cermet materials. TiO2 and platinum films were deposited on an alumina substrate. Tests were conducted in a closed quartz glass cell at ambient temperatures and pressures. As the sensor was exposed to a variety of gaseous organic constituents in the presence of UV light, electrical characteristics of the sensor were measured. Individual gases including methylene chloride, ethanol, benzene, acetone, xylene and isopropanol produced unique signatures as they were oxidized on the sensor surface. Sensors were renewable and reusable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - THICK films
KW  - PHOTOCATALYSIS
KW  - Photocatalysis
KW  - Thick-film sensor
KW  - Titanium dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 8801148; Skubal, L.R.; Email Address: lskubal@anl.gov Meshkov, N.K. 1 Vogt, M.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 148 Issue 1-3, p103; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: PHOTOCATALYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photocatalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thick-film sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skubal, L.R.
AU  - Meshkov, N.K.
T1  - Reduction and removal of mercury from water using arginine-modified TiO2
JO  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05/31/
VL  - 148
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 10106030
AB  - The photocatalytic removal of mercury(II) ions from water was investigated using titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (45 A˚ in diameter) surface-modified with arginine (ARG). TiO2 sols were prepared by the controlled hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride. ARG-modified TiO2 was placed in water and purged anoxically with an inert gas. Suspensions were spiked with elevated mercury concentrations (from mercuric chloride) and equilibrated for 10 min in darkness (with continuous stirring). Suspensions were either illuminated with 253.7 nm light or kept in darkness while mixing continuously. Samples were periodically withdrawn from the reactor via syringe and filtered anoxically. Precipitate collected on the filters was tested for elemental mercury; filtrate was analyzed for mercury using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. Results showed that in the absence of light, approximately 60% of initial mercury could be sorbed onto the ARG-modified TiO2 [ARG (<F>1.67×10−3</F> M), TiO2 (<F>5.00×10−3</F> M)]. ARG-modified TiO2 removed greater than 99.9% of the initial mercury (150 ppm) present in solution within 128 min of illumination through sorption and reduction processes. This removal time was reduced to 32 min when methanol was added as a hole scavenger. These sorption and reduction processes were catalytic in nature. The presence of 30 ppm iron(III) greatly inhibits both the sorption and the reduction of mercury on ARG-modified TiO2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - PHOTOCATALYSIS
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Photocatalysis
KW  - Reduction
KW  - Titanium dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 8801162; Skubal, L.R.; Email Address: lskubal@anl.gov Meshkov, N.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 148 Issue 1-3, p211; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: PHOTOCATALYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photocatalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skubal, L.R.
AU  - Meshkov, N.K.
AU  - Rajh, T.
AU  - Thurnauer, M.
T1  - Cadmium removal from water using thiolactic acid-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles
JO  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/05/31/
VL  - 148
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 10106030
AB  - This study investigated the use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles to remove aqueous cadmium from simulated wastewaters. Nanosized (45 A˚) colloids of anatase TiO2 were synthesized through the controlled hydrolysis of TiCl4 and their surfaces modified with the bidental chelating agent thiolactic acid (TLA). Colloids were introduced into 65 ppm cadmium-laden waters, and the suspensions were purged aerobically, anoxically with an inert gas, or by a sequential aerobic/anoxic purge. Suspensions were illuminated with 253.7 nm light. In each experiment, samples were taken from the reactor, filtered, and the filtrates analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy for residual cadmium. Results from the aerobic experiments exhibited minimal (approximately 10%) removal of the cadmium from solution and no reduction of the metal on either the modified or the unmodified colloid. Anoxic results were more promising, showing no cadmium reduction on the unmodified colloid but a 40% adsorption and reduction (from a +2 valence state to elemental cadmium as determined by methyl viologen tests) of cadmium on TLA-modified colloid in the presence of light. Results from the mixed atmospheric conditions fared the best and demonstrated that in the absence of light, approximately 20% of aqueous cadmium was sorbed to the modified colloid via a Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Upon illumination, greater than 90% of cadmium was removed by both adsorption and reduction processes onto the TLA-modified TiO2. These removal and reduction processes were catalytic in nature. Results from this study are significant because to date, no other research in the literature has been able to accomplish cadmium removal and reduction using TiO2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - PHOTOCATALYSIS
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Photocatalysis
KW  - Reduction
KW  - Titanium dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 8801183; Skubal, L.R. 1; Email Address: lskubal@anl.gov Meshkov, N.K. 1 Rajh, T. 2 Thurnauer, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2002, Vol. 148 Issue 1-3, p393; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: PHOTOCATALYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photocatalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shams, Mehrzad
AU  - Ahmadi, Goodarz
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Computational modeling of flow and sediment transport and deposition in meandering rivers
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 689
SN  - 03091708
AB  - A computational modeling analysis of the flow and sediment transport, and deposition in meandering-river models was performed. The Reynolds stress transport model of the FLUENT<f>TM</f> code was used for evaluating the river flow characteristics, including the mean velocity field and the Reynolds stress components. The simulation results were compared with the available experimental data of the river model and discussed. The Lagrangian tracking of individual particles was performed, and the transport and deposition of particles of various sizes in the meandering river were analyzed. Particular attention was given to the sedimentation patterns of different size particles in the river-bend model. The flow patterns in a physical river were also studied. A Froude number based scale ratio of 1:100 was used, and the flow patterns in the physical and river models are compared. The result shows that the mean-flow quantities exhibit dynamic similarity, but the turbulence parameters of the physical river are different from the model. More strikingly, the particle sedimentation features in the physical and river models do not obey the expected similarity scaling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENT transport
KW  - STREAMFLOW velocity
KW  - HYDRAULICS
N1  - Accession Number: 7867966; Shams, Mehrzad 1 Ahmadi, Goodarz 1; Email Address: ahmadi@clarkson.edu Smith, Duane H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Box 5725 Camp Building, Potsdam, NY 13699-5725, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 25 Issue 6, p689; Subject Term: SEDIMENT transport; Subject Term: STREAMFLOW velocity; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484230 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484220 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glassley, William E.
AU  - Simmons, Ardyth M.
AU  - Kercher, James R.
T1  - Mineralogical heterogeneity in fractured, porous media and its representation in reactive transport models
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 699
SN  - 08832927
AB  - Reactive transport models that simulate processes in porous media have, generally, required abstracted representation of porosity, permeability, and mineralogy. This study compares abstracted, homogeneous representations of porosity and permeability, mineral surface areas and distributions, to discrete distribution representation of these same properties. Discretization was accomplished by high-resolution (ca. 1 μm2) characterization of fractured tuffaceous rock from Yucca Mountain, Nevada, using optical microscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. A sample area of 106 μm2 was mapped in detail, and the resulting element and porosity maps were digitized. The domain was decomposed into 12,208 cells that were 8.77 × 10−6 m on a side. Simulations were conducted in which a dilute fluid enters the discretized porous medium at modest flow rates. Simulation results using a discrete mineral distribution point to the conclusion that slow flow rates, in which fluid residence times are on the order of days, provide fluid composition results that are very similar to those obtained from the homogeneous mineral distribution representation. At higher flow rates, where fluid residence times are on the order of hours, contrasts in fluid composition persist throughout the flow domain. The results demonstrate that the fluid composition characteristics in the homogeneous and discrete mineral representations will be similar only when the bulk average contact times for the individual mineral phases along the flow paths are approximately equivalent (within a few percent) for the two cases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mineralogy
KW  - Porosity
N1  - Accession Number: 8800104; Glassley, William E. 1; Email Address: glassley@llnl.gov; Simmons, Ardyth M. 2; Kercher, James R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p699; Thesaurus Term: Mineralogy; Thesaurus Term: Porosity; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anghel, I.
AU  - Turin, H.J.
AU  - Reimus, P.W.
T1  - Lithium sorption to Yucca Mountain tuffs
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 819
SN  - 08832927
AB  - The Li ion has been used as a reactive tracer in field tests performed in the saturated and unsaturated-zone in volcanic tuffs at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Lithium sorbs weakly by cation exchange and permits field-scale testing of laboratory-based predictions of reactive-solute transport. A series of laboratory studies show that Li sorption is nonlinear and varies with lithology in the different horizons of the tuff. In particular, both Li sorption and Li-specific cation-exchange capacity vary as functions of tuff mineralogy, and can be predicted given quantitative X-ray diffraction data. These results indicate that Li sorption is dominated by clay and zeolite minerals, and that sorption coefficients can be predicted given mineralogic analysis results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8800111; Anghel, I. 1; Turin, H.J.; Email Address: turin@lanl.gov; Reimus, P.W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mailstop J534, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p819; Thesaurus Term: Lithium; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turin, H.J.
AU  - Groffman, A.R.
AU  - Wolfsberg, L.E.
AU  - Roach, J.L.
AU  - Strietelmeier, B.A.
T1  - Tracer and radionuclide sorption to vitric tuffs of Busted Butte, Nevada
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 825
SN  - 08832927
AB  - Field-scale unsaturated-zone tracer tests have been performed at Busted Butte, Nevada, near the potential high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain. These tests are intended to improve our understanding of unsaturated-zone transport processes, and to test our ability to predict field-scale behavior using laboratory-scale measurements. The field tests use a mixture of nonreactive and reactive tracers. Nonreactive tracers include Br−, I−, 5 different fluorobenzoic acids, Na fluorescein, and a pyridone derivative. Reactive tracers include the metals Li, Mn, Co, and Ni, and the organic dye rhodamine WT. Rock samples from 3 different stratigraphic units at the Busted Butte test facility have been extensively characterized lithologically and mineralogically, and analyzed for Fe and Mn oxide content. Sorption of Np, Pu, Am and the field tracers onto these 3 rocks has been measured using batch techniques. Results confirm that the nonreactive tracers are indeed nonreactive, and show that sorption of radionuclides and sorbing tracers increases with increasing degree of rock alteration, as evidenced by increasing levels of smectite and Fe and Mn oxides. Among the radionuclides, Am and Pu sorb much more strongly than Np; the tracers'' degree of sorption is rhodamine WT&z.dbnd6;Li≪Mn<Ni<Co. Pu, Co, Mn, Ni and rhodamine WT exhibits strongly nonlinear sorption; Mn and Ni behavior may reflect competition with Co for sorption sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Radioactive waste repositories
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8800112; Turin, H.J.; Email Address: turin@lanl.gov; Groffman, A.R. 1; Wolfsberg, L.E. 1; Roach, J.L. 1; Strietelmeier, B.A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p825; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste repositories; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Runde, Wolfgang
AU  - Conradson, Steve D.
AU  - Wes Efurd, D.
AU  - Lu, NingPing
AU  - VanPelt, Craig E.
AU  - Tait, C. Drew
T1  - Solubility and sorption of redox-sensitive radionuclides (Np, Pu) in J-13 water from the Yucca Mountain site: comparison between experiment and theory
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 837
SN  - 08832927
AB  - This study presents the characterization of Pu-bearing precipitates and the results from uptake studies of Np and Pu on inorganic colloidal particulates in J-13 water from the Yucca Mountain site. Plutonium solubilities determined experimentally at pH values of 6, 7, and 8.5 are about two orders of magnitude higher than those calculated using the existing thermodynamic database indicating the influence of colloidal Pu(IV) species. Solid phase characterization using X-ray diffraction revealed primarily Pu(IV) in all precipitates formed at pH 6, 7, and 8.5. The solubility controlling Pu-bearing solids precipitated at ambient temperature consisted of amorphous Pu(OH)4(s) with several Pu–O distances between 2.3 and 2.7 A˚ that are characteristic for Pu(IV) colloids. High temperature (90 °C) increased solid phase crystallinity and produced Pu(IV) solids that contained Pu oxidation state impurities. X-ray absorption spectroscopic studies revealed diminished Pu–O and Pu–Pu distances that were slightly different from those in crystalline PuO2(s). A Pu–O bond of 1.86 A˚ was identified that is consistent with the plutonyl(V) distance of 1.81 A˚ in PuO2+(aq). Hematite, montmorillonite, and silica colloids were used for uptake experiments with 239Pu(V) and 237Np(V). The capacity of hematite to sorb Pu significantly exceeded that of montmorillonite and silica. A low desorption rate was indicative of highly stable Pu-hematite colloids, which may facilitate Pu transport to the accessible environment. Neptunium uptake on all mineral phases was far less than Pu(V) uptake suggesting that a potential Pu(V)–Pu(IV) reductive sorption process was involved. The temperature effect on Pu solubility and pseudocolloid formation is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Radioactive aerosols
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8800113; Runde, Wolfgang; Email Address: runde@lanl.gov; Conradson, Steve D. 1; Wes Efurd, D. 1; Lu, NingPing 1; VanPelt, Craig E. 1; Tait, C. Drew 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical, Science and Technology Division, CST-7, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p837; Thesaurus Term: Plutonium; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive aerosols; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, W.
AU  - Sokhansanj, S.
AU  - Tang, J.
AU  - Winter, P.
T1  - PH—Postharvest Technology: Determination of Thermal Conductivity, Specific Heat and Thermal Diffusivity of Borage Seeds
JO  - Biosystems Engineering
JF  - Biosystems Engineering
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 82
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 15375110
AB  - Thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity of borage (Borago officinalis) seeds were determined at temperatures ranging from 6 to 20°C and moisture contents from 1·2 to 30·3% w.b. The thermal conductivity was measured by the transient technique using a line heat source. The maximum slope method was used to analyse the line source heating data for thermal conductivity determination. The specific heat capacity was measured by different scanning calorimetry and ranged from 0·77 to 1·99 kJ kg−1K−1. The thermal conductivity of borage seeds ranged from 0·11 to 0·28 W m−1 K−1 and increased with moisture content in the range of 1·2–30·3% w.b. The thermal diffusivity ranged from 2·32×10−7 to 3·18×10−7 M2 S−1. Bulk density of borage seeds followed a parabolic relationship with moisture content. Uncertainty analysis revealed that variation in the thermal conductivity contributed mostly to the accuracy of the thermal diffusivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosystems Engineering is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORAGE
KW  - CROPS -- Postharvest technology
KW  - MOISTURE -- Measurement
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8518398; Yang, W. 1 Sokhansanj, S. 2 Tang, J. 3 Winter, P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave. Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA<fn id="f1"><no>f1</no>wyang@uark.edu</fn>  2: Oak Ridge National Lab, Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6422, USA<fn id="f2"><no>f2</no>sokhansanjs@ornl.gov</fn>  3: Food Engineering Program, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6120, USA<fn id="f3"><no>f3</no>jtang@mail.wsu.edu</fn>  4: Hinz Automation, Inc. 410 Jessop Ave. Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 2S5<fn id="f4"><no>f4</no>phil.winter@sask.hinz.com</fn>; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 82 Issue 2, p169; Subject Term: BORAGE; Subject Term: CROPS -- Postharvest technology; Subject Term: MOISTURE -- Measurement; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/bioe.2002.0066
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, P. Jason
AU  - Biernacki, Joseph J.
AU  - Walker, Larry R.
AU  - Meyer, Harry M.
AU  - Rawn, Claudia J.
AU  - Bai, Jianming
T1  - Microanalysis of alkali-activated fly ash–CH pastes
JO  - Cement & Concrete Research
JF  - Cement & Concrete Research
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 963
SN  - 00088846
AB  - Samples of a Class F fly ash and calcium hydroxide (CH) hydrated in pH 13.2 sodium hydroxide solution were analyzed using backscattered electron, scanning Auger, and X-ray microanalysis. The Class F fly ash, composed mainly of aluminosilicate glass and silica, was reacted for 8, 14, and 78 days at various temperatures. These samples represent both long-term and early-age stages of hydration. Results show that a hydrate product with calcium to silica ratio near 1.4 and katoite are formed. X-ray and scanning Auger microanalysis show evidence of the formation of hydrate product on the surface of both fly ash and CH particles at early ages. This finding suggests a new mechanism to explain prior data that shows that the hydration rates increase with increasing CH–ash content in the starting mixture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cement & Concrete Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLY ash
KW  - CALCIUM hydroxide
KW  - Ca(OH)2
KW  - Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H)
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - S.E.M.
N1  - Accession Number: 7803432; Williams, P. Jason 1 Biernacki, Joseph J. 1; Email Address: jbiernacki@tntech.edu Walker, Larry R. 2 Meyer, Harry M. 2 Rawn, Claudia J. 2 Bai, Jianming 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Box 5013, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p963; Subject Term: FLY ash; Subject Term: CALCIUM hydroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ca(OH)2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H); Author-Supplied Keyword: Fly ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: S.E.M.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327410 Lime Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tieszen, S.R.
AU  - O’Hern, T.J.
AU  - Schefer, R.W.
AU  - Weckman, E.J.
AU  - Blanchat, T.K.
T1  - Experimental study of the flow field in and around a one meter diameter methane fire
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 129
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 378
SN  - 00102180
AB  - Simultaneous temporally and spatially resolved, 2-D velocity fields are obtained using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) in a one-meter diameter methane fire. The flow rate of methane is 0.066 kg/m2-s, comparable to fuel burning rates in a large JP8 pool fire. Raw PIV images are recorded with 35 mm cinematography at 200 images/s. They are digitized and post-processed to obtain velocity data for a region ∼0.8 m high by 1 m wide centered on the centerline of the flame and extending from just above the surface of the burner to include the fuel core, near-field combusting zones, and surrounding air. The data cover 11 puff cycles of the fire. Instantaneous, phase-, and time-averaged 2-D velocity plots (103 × 82 vectors) are obtained for each of 1331 time-planes (121 time-planes per puff cycle) spaced 5 ms apart. Each vector represents a statistical estimate of the velocity in 2.1 cm by 2.1 cm by 0.8 cm volumes, which are overlapped by 50% in the vector plots. Time-averaged turbulent statistics (<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">u′2</OVL>, <OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">v′2</OVL>, & <OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">u′v′</OVL>) are also presented. Boundary conditions have been carefully measured and the results are intended for validation of numerical simulations of the fire behavior. The results clearly show the dominant effect of puffing, measured at 1.65 cycles/s for this fire, on the temporal and spatial development of the velocity field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE image velocimetry
KW  - METHANE
KW  - FLOW meters
N1  - Accession Number: 7822727; Tieszen, S.R. 1; Email Address: srtiesz@sandia.gov O’Hern, T.J. 1 Schefer, R.W. 2 Weckman, E.J. 3 Blanchat, T.K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L3G1  4: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, MN 87185, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 129 Issue 4, p378; Subject Term: PARTICLE image velocimetry; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: FLOW meters; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuminaro, R. S.
AU  - Tong, C. H.
AU  - Shadid, J. N.
AU  - Devine, K. D.
AU  - Day, D. M.
T1  - On a multilevel preconditioning module for unstructured mesh Krylov solvers: two-level Schwarz.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
EP  - 389
SN  - 10698299
AB  - Multilevel methods offer the best promise to attain both fast convergence and parallel efficiency in the numerical solution of parabolic and elliptic partial differential equations. Unfortunately, they have not been widely used in part because of implementation difficulties for unstructured mesh solvers. To facilitate use, a multilevel preconditioner software module, ML, has been constructed. Several methods are provided requiring relatively modest programming effort on the part of the application developer. This report discusses the implementation of one method in the module: a two-level Krylov–Schwarz preconditioner. To illustrate the use of these methods in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) engineering applications, we present results for 2D and 3D CFD benchmark problems. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - MULTILEVEL models (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - domain decomposition
KW  - Krylov methods
KW  - multilevel preconditioners
N1  - Accession Number: 13440488; Tuminaro, R. S. 1 Tong, C. H. 2; Email Address: chtong@appleton.llnl.gov Shadid, J. N. 1; Email Address: jnshadi@sandia.gov Devine, K. D. 1 Day, D. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Parallel Computing Sciences Department, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1111, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1111, U.S.A.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p383; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: MULTILEVEL models (Statistics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Krylov methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: multilevel preconditioners; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/cnm.478
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, M.Y.
AU  - Singh, D.
AU  - McNulty, J.C.
AU  - Zok, F.W.
T1  - Thermal expansion of unidirectional and cross-ply fibrous monoliths
JO  - Composites Science & Technology
JF  - Composites Science & Technology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 62
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 967
SN  - 02663538
AB  - An investigation of the thermal expansion behavior of ceramic fibrous monoliths (FMs) is presented. The emphasis is on the development and validation of material models applicable to Si3N4/BN FMs in both unidirectional and cross-ply architectures. Approximate analytical models are developed for the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) based on the analysis of representative unit cells of the Si3N4 fibers and the surrounding BN interphase. The pertinent cell shapes are identified from quantitative measurements on real Si3N4/BN FMs. Corresponding finite element analyses are performed on the same unit cells for the purpose of validating the analytical models. Good agreement is obtained between the model predictions and experimental measurements of CTE. A rudimentary modification to the analytical model to account for texturing and anisotropy of the BN appears to yield adequate results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites Science & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIBER-reinforced ceramics
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - A. Ceramic matrix composites
KW  - B. Thermal properties
KW  - C. Elastic properties
KW  - C. Finite element analysis (FEA)
KW  - Fibrous monoliths
N1  - Accession Number: 7799696; He, M.Y. 1 Singh, D. 2 McNulty, J.C. 1 Zok, F.W. 1; Email Address: zok@engineering.ucsd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5050, USA  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 62 Issue 7/8, p967; Subject Term: FIBER-reinforced ceramics; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Ceramic matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Elastic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Finite element analysis (FEA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Fibrous monoliths; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Hargrove, William
AU  - Hoffman, Forrest M.
AU  - Schwartz, Paul M.
T1  - A Fractal Landscape Realizer for Generating Synthetic Maps.
JO  - Conservation Ecology (11955449)
JF  - Conservation Ecology (11955449)
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
PB  - Resilience Alliance
SN  - 11955449
AB  - An abstract of the article "A Fractal Landscape Realizer for Generating Synthetic Maps," by William Hargrove, Forrest M. Hoffman, and Paul M. Schwartz is presented.
KW  - Maps -- Abstracts
KW  - Landscapes -- Abstracts
KW  - categorical maps
KW  - fractal
KW  - Fractal Realizer
KW  - FRAGSTATS
KW  - landscape ecology
KW  - neutral model
KW  - null model
KW  - pattern
KW  - pseudoreplication
KW  - realization
KW  - simulation
KW  - synthetic map
KW  - Turing Test
N1  - Accession Number: 67358682; Hargrove, William 1; Hoffman, Forrest M. 1; Schwartz, Paul M.; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: Maps -- Abstracts; Subject Term: Landscapes -- Abstracts; Author-Supplied Keyword: categorical maps; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractal Realizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: FRAGSTATS; Author-Supplied Keyword: landscape ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutral model; Author-Supplied Keyword: null model; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern; Author-Supplied Keyword: pseudoreplication; Author-Supplied Keyword: realization; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: synthetic map; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turing Test; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Abstract
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
AU  - Thompson, Dorothea K.
T1  - Challenges in applying microarrays to environmental studies
JO  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
JF  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 204
SN  - 09581669
AB  - Although DNA microarray technology has been used successfully to analyze global gene expression in pure cultures, it has not been rigorously tested and evaluated within the context of complex environmental samples. Adapting microarray hybridization for use in environmental studies faces several challenges associated with specificity, sensitivity and quantitation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Biotechnology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - HUMAN ecology -- Study & teaching
KW  - BIOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 7875358; Zhou, Jizhong 1 Thompson, Dorothea K. 1; Email Address: zhouj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p204; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: HUMAN ecology -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: BIOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Price
AU  - Chittenden
AU  - Flaherty
AU  - O’Dell
AU  - Guay-Woodford
AU  - Stubbs
AU  - Bryda
T1  - Characterization of the region containing the jcpk PKD gene on mouse Chromosome 10.
JO  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
JF  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 98
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
EP  - 66
SN  - 14248581
AB  - The jcpk gene on mouse Chromosome 10 causes a severe, early onset form of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) when inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. In order to positionally clone this gene, high resolution genetic and radiation hybrid maps were generated along with a detailed physical map of the approximately 500-kb region containing the jcpk gene. Additionally, sixty-nine kidney-specific ESTs were evaluated as candidates for jcpk and subsequently localized throughout the mouse genome by radiation hybrid mapping analysis. Previous studies indicating non-complementation of the jcpk mutation and 67Gso, a new PKD translocation mutant had suggested that 67Gso represents a new allele of jcpk. Fluoresence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis using key bacterial artificial chromosome clones from the jcpk critical region, refined the 67Gso breakpoint and provided support for the allelism of jcpk and 67Gso. Copyright © 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cytogenetic & Genome Research is the property of Karger AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYSTIC kidney disease
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - ANIMAL genome mapping
KW  - ANIMAL genetics
KW  - MICE
KW  - GENETIC aspects
N1  - Accession Number: 11281011; Price 1 Chittenden 2 Flaherty 3,4 O’Dell 1 Guay-Woodford 5 Stubbs 2 Bryda 1; Affiliation:  1: Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Huntington WV  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA  3: Genomics Institute, Wadsworth Center, Albany NY  4: Department of Pediatrics, Albany Medical College, Albany NY  5: Division of Genetic and Translational Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL (USA); Source Info: 2002, Vol. 98 Issue 1, p61; Subject Term: POLYCYSTIC kidney disease; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: ANIMAL genome mapping; Subject Term: ANIMAL genetics; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: GENETIC aspects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 6 Color Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000068534
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Limburg, Karin E.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Costanza, Robert
AU  - Farber, Stephen
T1  - Complex systems and valuation
JO  - Ecological Economics
JF  - Ecological Economics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
SN  - 09218009
AB  - Ecological and economic systems are undeniably complex. Whereas a goal of delineating ‘ecosystem services’ is to make readily apparent some of the important ways in which ecosystems underpin human welfare, insights are also gained by appreciating the nonlinear dynamic properties of ecosystems. In this paper, we review some of the relevant characteristics of complex systems. Ecosystems and economic systems share many properties, but valuation has typically been driven by short-term human preferences. Here we argue that as the force of humanity increases on the planet, ecosystem service valuation will need to switch from choosing among resources to valuing the avoidance of catastrophic ecosystem change. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological disturbances
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Complex system dynamics
KW  - Ecosystem services
KW  - Human welfare
KW  - Valuation
N1  - Accession Number: 7840922; Limburg, Karin E. 1; Email Address: klimburg@esf.edu; O'Neill, Robert V. 2; Costanza, Robert 3; Farber, Stephen 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental/Forest Biology, College of Environmental Sciences and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 3: Institute of Ecological Economics, Center for Environmental Science, University of Maryland, Solomons, MD 20688, USA; 4: Department of Economics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p409; Thesaurus Term: Ecological disturbances; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex system dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem services; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human welfare; Author-Supplied Keyword: Valuation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Christopher S.
AU  - Kim, Jeom-Soo
AU  - Jeremy Kropf, A.
AU  - Kahaian, Arthur J.
AU  - Vaughey, John T.
AU  - Thackeray, Michael M.
T1  - The role of Li2MO2 structures (M=metal ion) in the electrochemistry of <f>(x)LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2·(1−x)Li2TiO3</f> electrodes for lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 492
SN  - 13882481
AB  - The electrochemical reactions of lithium with layered composite electrodes <f>(x)LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2·(1−x)Li2TiO3</f> were investigated at low voltages. The metal oxide <f>0.95LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2·0.05Li2TiO3</f> (<f>x=0.95</f>) which can also be represented in layered notation as <f>Li(Mn0.46Ni0.46Ti0.05Li0.02)O2</f>, can react with one equivalent of lithium during an initial discharge from 3.2 to 1.4 V vs. <f>Li0</f>. The electrochemical reaction, which corresponds to a theoretical capacity of 286 mAh/g, is hypothesized to form <f>Li2(Mn0.46Ni0.46Ti0.05Li0.02)O2</f> that is isostructural with <f>Li2MnO2</f> and <f>Li2NiO2</f>. Similar low-voltage electrochemical behavior is also observed with unsubstituted, standard <f>LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2</f> electrodes (<f>x=1</f>). In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data of <f>Li(Mn0.46Ni0.46Ti0.05Li0.02)O2</f> electrodes indicate that the low-voltage (<1.8 V) reaction is associated primarily with the reduction of <f>Mn4+</f> to <f>Mn2+</f>. Symmetric rocking-chair cells with the configuration <f>Li(Mn0.46Ni0.46Ti0.05Li0.02)O2/Li(Mn0.46Ni0.46Ti0.05Li0.02)O2</f> were tested. These electrodes provide a rechargeable capacity in excess of 300 mAh/g when charged and discharged over a 3.3 to −3.3 V range and show an insignificant capacity loss on the initial cycle. These findings have implications for combating the capacity-loss effects at graphite, metal–alloy, or intermetallic negative electrodes against lithium metal-oxide positive electrodes of conventional lithium-ion cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRODES
N1  - Accession Number: 7819278; Johnson, Christopher S.; Email Address: johnsoncs@cmt.anl.gov Kim, Jeom-Soo 1 Jeremy Kropf, A. 1 Kahaian, Arthur J. 1 Vaughey, John T. 1 Thackeray, Michael M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology and Basic Sciences Program, Chemical Technology Division, Building 205, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p492; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kośny, Jan
AU  - Kossecka, Elizabeth
T1  - Multi-dimensional heat transfer through complex building envelope assemblies in hourly energy simulation programs
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 03787788
AB  - In most whole building thermal modeling computer programs like DOE-2, BLAST, or ENERGY PLUS simplified, one-dimensional, parallel path, descriptions of building envelope are used. For several structural and material configurations of building envelope components containing high thermal mass and/or two- and three-dimensional thermal bridges, one-dimensional analysis may generate serious errors in building loads estimation. The method of coupling three-dimensional heat transfer modeling and dynamic hot-box tests for complex wall systems with the whole building thermal simulations is presented in this paper. This procedure can increase the accuracy of the whole building thermal modeling.Current thermal modeling and calculation procedures tend to overestimate the actual field thermal performance of today’s popular building envelope designs, which utilize modern building technologies (sometimes highly conductive structural materials) and feature large fenestration areas and floor plans with many exterior wall corners. Some widely used computer codes were calibrated using field data obtained from light weight wood frame buildings. The same codes are used now for thermal modeling of high mass buildings with significant heat accumulation effects. Also, the effects of extensive thermal shorts on the whole building thermal performance is not accurately reflected by the commonly used one-dimensional energy simulations that are the current bases for building envelopes and systems designing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Hourly energy simulation programs
KW  - Thermal bridges
KW  - Thermal modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 7750637; Kośny, Jan 1; Email Address: kosnyj@ornl.gov; Kossecka, Elizabeth 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 2: Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p445; Subject Term: Heat transfer; Subject Term: Computer software; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hourly energy simulation programs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal bridges; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
AU  - Shestakov, Vsevolod M.
T1  - Introduction to the Special Issue: "Subsurface flow and transport: from theoretical studies to actions at field sites".
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 126
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Presents an introduction to articles published in the June 2002 issue of the journal "Environmental Geology."
KW  - Environmental geology
KW  - Periodicals
N1  - Accession Number: 16565273; Tsang, Chin-Fu 1; Email Address: cftsang@lbl.gov; Shestakov, Vsevolod M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; 2: Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p125; Thesaurus Term: Environmental geology; Subject Term: Periodicals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0480-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Guomin
T1  - Tracer mixing at fracture intersections.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
EP  - 144
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Discrete network models are one of the approaches used to simulate a dissolved contaminant, which is usually represented as a tracer in modeling studies, in fractured rocks. The discrete models include large numbers of individual fractures within the network structure, with flow and transport described on the scale of an individual fracture. Numerical simulations for the mixing characteristics and transfer probabilities of a tracer through a fracture intersection are performed for this study. A random-walk, particle-tracking model is applied to simulate tracer transport in fracture intersections by moving particles through space using individual advective and diffusive steps. The simulation results are compared with existing numerical and analytical solutions for a continuous intersection over a wide range of Peclet numbers. This study attempts to characterize the relative concentration at the outflow branches for a continuous intersection with different flow fields. The simulation results demonstrate that the mixing characteristics at the fracture intersections are a function not only of the Peclet number, but also of the flow field pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater tracers
KW  - Geology
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Fracture mechanics
KW  - Hydrogeology -- Methodology
KW  - Fluid mechanics
KW  - Contaminant
KW  - Fractured rocks
KW  - Network models
KW  - Tracer
N1  - Accession Number: 16565270; Li, Guomin 1; Email Address: gmLi@LbL.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p137; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater tracers; Thesaurus Term: Geology; Subject Term: Rocks; Subject Term: Fracture mechanics; Subject Term: Hydrogeology -- Methodology; Subject Term: Fluid mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contaminant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured rocks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracer; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0483-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solodov, I. N.
AU  - Malkovsky, V. I.
AU  - Pek, A. A.
AU  - Benson, S. M.
T1  - New evidence for the combined influence of vapor condensation and thermal convection on groundwater monitoring wells.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 150
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Data from hydrogeochemical logging in two observation wells at the Kesterson Reservoir (Central Valley, California) are considered. The wells are equipped with polyvinyl chloride risers, the internal diameter of the wells is 10.16 cm. The logging used a multi-channel hydrogeochemical probe. Measurements were performed under undisturbed conditions and after purging the wells. Comparison of the logging data obtained before and after purging revealed that under undisturbed conditions water in the both wells was less mineralized and more oxidized than formation water. This can be explained by periodic condensation of air moisture on the internal surface of the well casing above the water level due to daily temperature variations at the site. Theoretical estimation shows that the depth–temperature distribution causes free thermal convection in the both wells that leads to a movement of less mineralized water from the top of the wells down to the well screens. This conclusion is confirmed by the characteristics of water salinity at the screen depths measured before and after purging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Monitoring wells
KW  - Condensation
KW  - Polyvinyl chloride
KW  - Salinity
KW  - Moisture
KW  - Groundwater multi-channel hydrochemical logging
KW  - Thermal convection
KW  - Vapor condensation
N1  - Accession Number: 16565269; Solodov, I. N. 1; Malkovsky, V. I. 1; Email Address: malk@igem.ru; Pek, A. A. 1; Benson, S. M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetny per., 35, Moscow, 109017 Russia.; 2: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Cyclotron Road 1, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p145; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Monitoring wells; Thesaurus Term: Condensation; Thesaurus Term: Polyvinyl chloride; Thesaurus Term: Salinity; Thesaurus Term: Moisture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater multi-channel hydrochemical logging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor condensation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0484-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drozhko, E. G.
AU  - Ivanov, I. A.
AU  - Samsonova, L. M.
AU  - Glagolev, A. V.
AU  - Glinsky, M. L.
AU  - Ter-Saakian, N. F.
AU  - Skokov, A. V.
AU  - Looney, B.
AU  - Nichols, R.
AU  - Hutter, A.
AU  - Wollenberg, H.
T1  - Assessment of hydrological parameters in heterogeneous fractured rock.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 186
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - In-situ experiments for investigation of the heterogeneity of fractured aquifer rock were performed by Russian and American scientists in the area of the Mayak Production Association, South Urals, Russia, in 1996. This paper presents a description of the different hydrological and geophysical methods for acquiring and processing the data and a comparison of preliminary hydrogeological results. The coincidence of determinations of hydraulic conductivities, using different field tests and methods for data analysis, permits us to recommend the processes described for use in detailed investigations of the transmissivity of fractured-rock aquifers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aquifers
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Ural Mountains (Russia)
KW  - Russia
KW  - United States
KW  - Geophysical methods
KW  - Heterogeneity fractured aquifer
KW  - Hydrology
N1  - Accession Number: 16565266; Drozhko, E. G. 1; Email Address: sppozd@online.ru; Ivanov, I. A. 1; Samsonova, L. M. 2; Glagolev, A. V. 2; Glinsky, M. L. 2; Ter-Saakian, N. F. 2; Skokov, A. V. 2; Looney, B. 3; Nichols, R. 3; Hutter, A. 4; Wollenberg, H. 5; Affiliations: 1: Mayak Production Association, Ozyorsk 456780, Russia.; 2: PSA Hydrospetzgeologia, Moscow 123060, Russia.; 3: Savannah River Technology Center, Aiken, SC 29808, USA.; 4: Environmental Measurements Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, New York, NY 10014-4811, USA.; 5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p178; Thesaurus Term: Aquifers; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Subject Term: Rocks; Subject: Ural Mountains (Russia); Subject: Russia; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geophysical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity fractured aquifer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrology; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0487-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16565266&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Mark D.
AU  - Cole, Charles R.
AU  - Foley, Michael G.
AU  - Zinina, Galina A.
AU  - Zinin, Alexander I.
AU  - Vasil'kova, Nelly A.
AU  - Samsonova, Lilia M.
T1  - Model intercomparison study to investigate a dense contaminant plume in a complex hydrogeologic system.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 213
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - A joint Russian and US model intercomparison study was undertaken to develop more realistic contaminant transport models of the Mayak Site, southern Urals. The test problems were developed by the Russian team based on their experience in modeling contaminant migration near Lake Karachai. The intercomparison problems were designed to address lake and contaminant plume interactions, as well as river interactions and plume-density effects. Different numerical codes were used. Overall, there was good agreement between the results of both models. Features shown by both models include (1) the sinking of the plume below the lake, (2) the raising of the water table in the fresh water adjacent to the lake in response to the increased pressure from the dense plume, and (3) the formation of a second sinking plume in an area where evapotranspiration exceeded infiltration, thus increasing the solute concentrations above the source (i.e., lake) values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Water table
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Russia
KW  - United States
KW  - Dense plume
KW  - Evaporation
KW  - Infiltration
KW  - Intercomparison study
KW  - Transport model
N1  - Accession Number: 16565264; Williams, Mark D. 1; Email Address: Mark.D.WiIIiams@pnl.gov; Cole, Charles R. 1; Foley, Michael G. 1; Zinina, Galina A. 2; Zinin, Alexander I. 2; Vasil'kova, Nelly A. 3; Samsonova, Lilia M. 3; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.; 2: Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia.; 3: State Geological Enterprise, Moscow, Russia.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p199; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Water table; Thesaurus Term: Evapotranspiration; Subject: Russia; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dense plume; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infiltration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intercomparison study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport model; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0489-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16565264&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tompson, A. F. B.
AU  - Bruton, C. J.
AU  - Pawloski, G. A.
AU  - Smith, D. K.
AU  - Bourcier, W. L.
AU  - Shumaker, D. E.
AU  - Kersting, A. B.
AU  - Carle, S. F.
AU  - Maxwell, R. M.
T1  - On the evaluation of groundwater contamination from underground nuclear tests.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 247
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Increasing concern about radioactive contamination of groundwater from underground nuclear tests has reinforced the need for a basic understanding of how the radionuclide inventories of such tests enter and migrate through groundwater. As a basis for studying these processes, the physically and thermally disturbed geologic environment produced by such tests and its relation to the post-test distribution of radionuclides is discussed from a conceptual perspective. These concepts are used to support the development of a reactive transport model to evaluate the nature and extent of radionuclide contamination within alluvium surrounding a specific underground nuclear test at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). Simulations are focused on determining the abundance and chemical nature of radionuclides that are introduced into groundwater, as well as the rate and extent of radionuclide migration and reaction in groundwater surrounding the working point of the test. Transport simulations based upon a streamline-based numerical model are used to illustrate the nature of radionuclide elution out of the near-field environment and illustrate the conceptual modeling process. The numerical approach allowed for relatively complex flow and chemical reactions to be considered in a computationally efficient manner. The results are particularly sensitive to the rate of melt glass dissolution, distribution of reactive minerals in the alluvium, and overall groundwater flow configuration. They provide a rational basis from which defensible migration assessments over larger spatial and temporal scales can proceed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Alluvium
KW  - Underground nuclear explosions
KW  - Chemical reactions
KW  - Nevada
KW  - Contamination
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Nevada Test Site
KW  - Nuclear testing
KW  - Radioactive
N1  - Accession Number: 16565261; Tompson, A. F. B. 1; Email Address: afbt@llnl.gov; Bruton, C. J. 1; Pawloski, G. A. 1; Smith, D. K. 2; Bourcier, W. L. 1; Shumaker, D. E. 3; Kersting, A. B. 2; Carle, S. F. 1; Maxwell, R. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Geosciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.; 2: Analytical and Nuclear Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.; 3: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p235; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Alluvium; Subject Term: Underground nuclear explosions; Subject Term: Chemical reactions; Subject: Nevada; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nevada Test Site; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0493-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16565261&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
AU  - Benson, Sally M.
AU  - Kobelski, Bruce
AU  - Smith, Robert E.
T1  - Scientific considerations related to regulation development for CO2 sequestration in brine formations.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 281
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Carbon management through the underground injection of CO2 into subsurface brine formations is being actively studied. If there are no technological constraints for implementation, there could be a large number of wells constructed for injecting a large volume of CO2. It is therefore important, in parallel with current scientific studies, to consider the appropriate, science-based regulatory framework for CO2 injection. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Underground Injection Control (UIC) program, authorized under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), has extensive experience in regulating the injection of mainly liquid wastes into geologic formations in the United States. The federal requirements and permit process implemented by EPA and the Primacy States since 1980 have played a critical role in the safety of subsurface disposal of liquid wastes in the US. Physically and chemically, there are significant differences between CO2 and common liquid wastes. Its viscosity and density are much lower and, under injection pressure in the deep formation, it may be under supercritical conditions. Because of the lower density and viscosity, CO2 leakage through the confining strata may be greater when compared to currently injected liquid wastes. Also, the chemical interactions of CO2 with the geologic formation have their own characteristics. All these scientific factors need to be evaluated to identify new guidelines for appropriate regulatory and monitoring controls. The paper reviews current UIC regulations, injection-well classification scheme and monitoring requirements, and identifies the unique factors related to the physical and chemical processes in the subsurface associated with CO2 injection. Implications of these scientific considerations for regulation development are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Drinking water -- Law & legislation
KW  - Salt
KW  - Chemical processes
KW  - United States
KW  - Brine injection
KW  - CO2
KW  - Regulation
KW  - Sequestration
KW  - United States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 16565257; Tsang, Chin-Fu 1; Email Address: cftsang@lbl.gov; Benson, Sally M. 1; Kobelski, Bruce 2; Smith, Robert E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; 2: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Drinking Water and Ground Water, Washington, DC, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p275; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Drinking water -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: Salt; Subject Term: Chemical processes; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brine injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequestration ; Company/Entity: United States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0497-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16565257&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - García, Julio
T1  - Multiphase flow dynamics during CO2 disposal into saline aquifers.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
EP  - 295
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Injection of CO2 into saline aquifers is described by mass conservation equations for the three components water, salt (NaCl), and CO2. The equations are discretized using an integral finite difference method, and are solved using methods developed in geothermal and petroleum reservoir engineering. Phase change processes are treated through switching of primary thermodynamic variables. A realistic treatment of PVT (fluid) properties is given which includes salinity and fugacity effects for partitioning of CO2 between gaseous and aqueous phases. Chemical reactions and mechanical stress effects are neglected. Numerical simulations are presented for injection of CO2 into a brine aquifer, and for loss of CO2 from storage through discharge along a fault zone. It is found that simulated pressures are much more sensitive to space discretization effects than are phase saturations. CO2 discharge along a fault is a self-enhancing process whose flow rates can increase over time by more than an order of magnitude, suggesting that reliable containment of CO2 will require multiple barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aquifers
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Reservoirs
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Finite differences
KW  - Chemical reactions
KW  - Aquifer disposal
KW  - Discretization errors
KW  - Fault zone discharge
KW  - Greenhouse gas
KW  - Numerical simulation
KW  - PVT properties
KW  - Sequestration
N1  - Accession Number: 16565256; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: K_Pruess@lbl.gov; García, Julio 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p282; Thesaurus Term: Aquifers; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Reservoirs; Subject Term: Multiphase flow; Subject Term: Finite differences; Subject Term: Chemical reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aquifer disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discretization errors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fault zone discharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: PVT properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequestration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0498-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16565256&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rutqvist, Jonny
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
T1  - A study of caprock hydromechanical changes associated with CO2-injection into a brine formation.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
EP  - 305
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - A numerical study of hydromechanical changes during a deep underground injection of supercritical CO2 in a hypothetical brine aquifer/caprock system is conducted. The injection process is simulated using a newly developed computer model for multi-phase analysis of CO2 and brine water flow, coupled with heat transfer and rock deformations. In this modeling, CO2 is injected at a constant rate over a 10-year period at a depth of 1,300–1,500 m. The injection zone is overlain by a 100-m-thick caprock, located at 1,200–1,300 m, which in one of the studied cases is intersected by a vertical fault. The hydraulic, mechanical as well as hydromechanical responses caused by the injection are studied. This includes the spread of the CO2 plume, effective stress changes, ground surface uplift, stress-induced permeability changes, and mechanical failure analysis. The analysis shows that most hydromechanical changes are induced in the lower part of the caprock near its contact with the injection zone, whereas the sealing mechanism of the upper part may remain intact, despite an injection pressure close to the lithostratic stress value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Power plants
KW  - Fluid mechanics
KW  - Salt
KW  - Caprock
KW  - CO2
KW  - Fossil fired power plant
KW  - Hydromechanical changes
N1  - Accession Number: 16565255; Rutqvist, Jonny 1; Email Address: jrutgvist@lbl.gov; Tsang, Chin-Fu 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road MS-90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 42 Issue 2/3, p296; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Thesaurus Term: Permeability; Thesaurus Term: Power plants; Subject Term: Fluid mechanics; Subject Term: Salt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Caprock; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fossil fired power plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydromechanical changes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-001-0499-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16565255&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tran, Liem T.
AU  - Knight, C. Gregory
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
AU  - Smith, Elizabeth R.
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
AU  - Wickham, James
T1  - Fuzzy Decision Analysis for Integrated Environmental Vulnerability Assessment of the Mid-Atlantic Region1.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 845
EP  - 859
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - A fuzzy decision analysis method for integrating ecological indicators was developed. This was a combination of a fuzzy ranking method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The method was capable of ranking ecosystems in terms of environmental conditions and suggesting cumulative impacts across a large region. Using data on land cover, population, roads, streams, air pollution, and topography of the Mid-Atlantic region, we were able to point out areas that were in relatively poor condition and/or vulnerable to future deterioration. The method offered an easy and comprehensive way to combine the strengths of fuzzy set theory and the AHP for ecological assessment. Furthermore, the suggested method can serve as a building block for the evaluation of environmental policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Environmental impact charges
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Ecological indicators
KW  - Fuzzy decision analysis
KW  - Vulnerability assessment
KW  - Vulnerability assessment; Fuzzy decision analysis; Ecological indicators
N1  - Accession Number: 15311289; Tran, Liem T. 1; Email Address: LTTI@pstt.edu; Knight, C. Gregory 1,2; O'Neill, Robert V. 3; Smith, Elizabeth R. 4; Riitters, Kurt H. 5; Wickham, James 4; Affiliations: 1: Center for Integrated Regional Assessment, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; 2: Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 4: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 5: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p845; Thesaurus Term: Environmental law; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact charges; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Subject Term: Decision making; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological indicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuzzy decision analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vulnerability assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vulnerability assessment; Fuzzy decision analysis; Ecological indicators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 007/s00267-001 -0054-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15311289&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, W.
AU  - Roney, P.
AU  - Carroll, T.
AU  - Gibney, T.
AU  - Mastrovito, D.
T1  - The use of MDSplus on NSTX at PPPL
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The MDSplus data acquisition system has been used successfully since the 1999 startup of NSTX for control, data acquisition and analysis for diagnostic subsystems. For each plasma “shot” on NSTX about 75 MBs of data is acquired and loaded into MDSplus hierarchical data structures in 2–3 min. Physicists adapted to the MDSplus software tools with no real difficulty. Some locally developed tools are described. The support from the developers at MIT was timely and insightful. The use of MDSplus has resulted in significant cost savings for NSTX. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - Data management
KW  - Data visualization
KW  - MDSplus
KW  - NSTX
N1  - Accession Number: 7817551; Davis, W.; Email Address: bdavis@pppl.gov Roney, P. 1 Carroll, T. 1 Gibney, T. 1 Mastrovito, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 60 Issue 3, p247; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: MDSplus; Author-Supplied Keyword: NSTX; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mastrovito, Dana M.
T1  - Integration of Microsoft Windows applications with MDSplus data acquisition on the National Spherical Torus Experiment at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Data acquisition on the National Spherical Torus Experiment at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) has increasingly involved the use of Personal Computers and specially developed ‘turn-key’ hardware and software systems to control diagnostics. Interaction with these proprietary software packages is accomplished through use of Visual Basic, or Visual C++ and Component Object Model (com) technology. com is a software architecture that allows the components made by different software vendors to be combined into a variety of applications. This technology is particularly well suited to these systems because of its programming language independence, standards for function calling between components, and ability to transparently reference remote processes. com objects make possible the creation of acquisition software that can control the experimental parameters of both the hardware and software. Synchronization of these applications for diagnostics, such as charged couple device cameras and residual gas analyzers, with the rest of the experiment event cycle at PPPL has been made possible by utilization of the MDSplus libraries for Windows. Instead of transferring large data files to remote disk space, Windows MDSplus events and I/O functions allow us to put raw data into MDSplus directly from interactive data language for Windows and Visual Basic. The combination of com technology and the MDSplus libraries for Windows provide the tools for many new possibilities in versatile acquisition applications and future diagnostics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - Automation
KW  - com
KW  - MDSplus
KW  - Microsoft Windows
KW  - Synchronization
N1  - Accession Number: 7817553; Mastrovito, Dana M. 1; Email Address: dmastrovito@pppl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 60 Issue 3, p261; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: PERSONAL computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automation; Author-Supplied Keyword: com; Author-Supplied Keyword: MDSplus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microsoft Windows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchronization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peng, Q.
AU  - Groebner, R.J.
AU  - Lao, L.L.
AU  - Schachter, J.
AU  - Schissel, D.P.
AU  - Wade, M.R.
T1  - Status of the Linux PC cluster for between-pulse data analyses at DIII-D
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Some analyses that survey experimental data are carried out at a sparse sample rate between pulses during tokamak operation and/or completed as a batch job overnight because the complete analysis on a single fast workstation cannot fit in the narrow time window between two pulses. Scientists therefore miss the opportunity to use these results to guide experiments quickly. With a dedicated Beowulf type cluster at a cost less than that of a workstation, these analyses can be accomplished between pulses and the analyzed data made available for the research team during the tokamak operation. A Linux PC cluster comprised of 12 processors was installed at DIII-D National Fusion Facility in CY00 and expanded to 24 processors in CY01 to automatically perform between-pulse magnetic equilibrium reconstructions using the efit code written in fortran, cer analyses using cerquick code written in interactive data language (idl) and full profile fitting analyses (ne, Te, Ti, Vr, Zeff) using idl code zipfit. This paper reports the current status of the system, the details of the between-pulse profile fitting analyses, and discusses some problems and concerns raised during the implementation and expansion of the system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Linux cluster
KW  - Parallel computing
N1  - Accession Number: 7817562; Peng, Q. 1; Email Address: peng@fusion.gat.com Groebner, R.J. 1 Lao, L.L. 1 Schachter, J. 1 Schissel, D.P. 1 Wade, M.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 60 Issue 3, p319; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linux cluster; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schissel, D.P.
AU  - Finkelstein, A.
AU  - Foster, I.T.
AU  - Fredian, T.W.
AU  - Greenwald, M.J.
AU  - Hansen, C.D.
AU  - Johnson, C.R.
AU  - Keahey, K.
AU  - Klasky, S.A.
AU  - Li, K.
AU  - McCune, D.C.
AU  - Peng, Q.
AU  - Stevens, R.
AU  - Thompson, M.R.
T1  - Data management, code deployment, and scientific visualization to enhance scientific discovery in fusion research through advanced computing
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The long-term vision of the Fusion Collaboratory described in this paper is to transform fusion research and accelerate scientific understanding and innovation so as to revolutionize the design of a fusion energy source. The Collaboratory will create and deploy collaborative software tools that will enable more efficient utilization of existing experimental facilities and more effective integration of experiment, theory, and modeling. The computer science research necessary to create the Collaboratory is centered on three activities: security, remote and distributed computing, and scientific visualization. It is anticipated that the presently envisioned Fusion Collaboratory software tools will require 3 years to complete. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - Collaboration
KW  - Fusion
KW  - Grid computing
KW  - Security
KW  - Visualization
N1  - Accession Number: 7817589; Schissel, D.P. 1; Email Address: schissel@fusion.gat.com Finkelstein, A. 2 Foster, I.T. 3 Fredian, T.W. 4 Greenwald, M.J. 4 Hansen, C.D. 5 Johnson, C.R. 5 Keahey, K. 3 Klasky, S.A. 2 Li, K. 2 McCune, D.C. 4 Peng, Q. 1 Stevens, R. 3 Thompson, M.R. 6; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4844, USA  4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 175 Albany Street, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  5: Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, Room 3490, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 47-112, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 60 Issue 3, p481; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collaboration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Security; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visualization; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clapp, Erik M.
AU  - Bierman, Paul R.
AU  - Caffee, Marc
T1  - Using 10Be and 26Al to determine sediment generation rates and identify sediment source areas in an arid region drainage basin
JO  - Geomorphology
JF  - Geomorphology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 0169555X
AB  - We measured 10Be and 26Al in 64 sediment and bedrock samples collected throughout the arid, 187 km2 Yuma Wash drainage basin, southwestern Arizona. From the measurements, we determine long-term, time-integrated rates of upland sediment generation (81±5 g m−2 year−1) and bedrock equivalent lowering (30±2 m Ma−1) consistent with other estimates for regions of similar climate, lithology, and topography.In a small (∼8 km2), upland sub-basin, differences in nuclide concentrations between bedrock outcrops and hillslope colluvium suggest weathering of bedrock beneath a colluvial cover is a more significant source of sediment (40×104 kg year−1) than weathering of exposed bedrock surfaces (10×104 kg year−1). Mixing models constructed from nuclide concentrations of sediment reservoirs identify important sediment source areas. Hillslope colluvium is the dominant sediment source to the upper reaches of the sub-basin channel; channel cutting of alluvial terraces is the dominant source in the lower reaches. Similarities in nuclide concentrations of various sediment reservoirs indicate short sediment storage times (<103 years).Nuclide concentrations, measured in channel sediment from tributaries of Yuma Wash and in samples collected along the length of the Wash, were used to construct mixing models and determine sediment sources to the main stem channel. We find an exponential decrease in the channel nuclide concentrations with distance downstream, suggesting that as much as 40% of sediment discharged from Yuma Wash has been recycled from storage within basin fill alluvium.Sediment generation and denudation rates determined from the main stem are greater (25%) than rates determined from upland sub-basins suggesting that, currently, sediment may be exported from the basin more quickly than it is being generated in the uplands. Independence of nuclide concentration and sediment grain size indicates that channels transport sediment in discrete pulses before rapidly depositing poorly sorted material, suggesting that differences in transport times for different size materials are minimal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geomorphology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sediment transport
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Arid region sediment transport
KW  - Cosmogenic dating
KW  - Denudation
KW  - Desert geomorphology
KW  - Sediment mixing models
KW  - Sediment yield
N1  - Accession Number: 7800011; Clapp, Erik M. 1; Email Address: emc@smemaine.com; Bierman, Paul R. 1; Caffee, Marc 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Natural Resources and Department of Geology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; 2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 45 Issue 1/2, p89; Thesaurus Term: Sediment transport; Thesaurus Term: Drainage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arid region sediment transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmogenic dating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Denudation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desert geomorphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment mixing models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment yield; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484230 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484220 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nichols, Kyle K.
AU  - Bierman, Paul R.
AU  - Hooke, Roger LeB.
AU  - Clapp, Erik M.
AU  - Caffee, Marc
T1  - Quantifying sediment transport on desert piedmonts using 10Be and 26Al
JO  - Geomorphology
JF  - Geomorphology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 0169555X
AB  - In situ produced 10Be and 26Al, measured in 40 sediment samples collected from the Iron and Granite Mountain piedmonts, eastern Mojave Desert, provide a unique view of piedmont modification processes and process rates over the 103 to 105 year time scale. Cosmogenic nuclide-based models suggest that the Iron and Granite Mountains generate 0.11–0.13 and 0.082–0.097 m3 of sediment per year per meter of rangefront, respectively. The sediment moves down the piedmont in an active transport layer (ATL), which is 20 to 30 cm thick (based on visual observations, measurements of depth to a buried B-horizon, cosmogenic nuclide data, and maximum ephemeral channel depths). Sediment in this layer is well-mixed vertically and horizontally on the 102 year time scale, indicating that the small ephemeral channels, which dominate the piedmont surface migrate quickly. Interpretive models of increasing nuclide activities at depth in two pits suggest steady sediment deposition on the piedmont (at rates between 17–21 and 38–45 m Ma−1) until the late Pleistocene epoch, when a discontinuity to markedly lower nuclide activities in the isotopically well-mixed active transport layer suggests that deposition stopped, a significant change in piedmont behavior. Nuclide activities in 10 amalgamated surface samples, each collected along a different 4-km-long transect, increase steadily away from the mountain front. Thus, we infer that sediment is uniformly dosed by cosmic rays as it is transported down the Iron and Granite Mountain piedmonts. Interpretive models suggest that long-term average sediment speeds down the Iron and Granite Mountain piedmonts are a few decimeters to a meter per year. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geomorphology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sediment transport
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Nuclides
KW  - Arid region sediment transport
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Cosmogenic nuclide
KW  - Desert geomorphology
KW  - Pediment
KW  - Piedmont
N1  - Accession Number: 7800012; Nichols, Kyle K. 1; Email Address: kknichol@zoo.uvm.edu; Bierman, Paul R. 1; Hooke, Roger LeB. 2; Clapp, Erik M. 1; Caffee, Marc 3; Affiliations: 1: School of Natural Resources and Department of Geology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA; 2: Department of Geological Sciences and Institute for Quaternary Studies, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04496, USA; 3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 45 Issue 1/2, p105; Thesaurus Term: Sediment transport; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Nuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arid region sediment transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmogenic nuclide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desert geomorphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pediment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Piedmont; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484230 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484220 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasco, Don W.
AU  - Karasaki, Kenzi
AU  - Nakagome, Osamu
T1  - Monitoring production using surface deformation: the Hijiori test site and the Okuaizu geothermal field, Japan
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Production in geothermal reservoirs often leads to observable surface displacement. As shown in this paper, there is a direct relationship between such displacement and reservoir dynamics. This relationship is exploited in order to image fluid flow at two geothermal field sites. At the first locality, the Hijiori Hot Dry Rock (HDR) test site, 17 tilt meters record deformation associated with a 2.2 km deep injection experiment. Images of fluid migration along a ring fracture system of the collapsed Hijiori caldera are obtained. At the Okuaizu geothermal field, leveling and tilt meter data provide constraints on long- and short-term fluid movement within the reservoir. A set of 119 leveling data suggest that the north-to-northeast trending Takiyagawa fault acts as a barrier to flow. The northwesterly oriented Chinoikezawa and Sarukurazawa faults appear to channel fluid from the southeast. The tilt data from Okuaizu indicate that a fault paralleling the Takiyagawa fault zone acts as a conduit to transient flow, on a time scale of several weeks. The volume strain in a region adjacent to the injection wells reaches a maximum and then decreases with time. The transient propagation of fluid along the fault may be due to pressure build-up, resulting from the re-initiation of injection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - SUBSIDENCES (Earth movements)
KW  - Hijiori
KW  - Inverse problems
KW  - Japan
KW  - Okuaizu
KW  - Subsidence
KW  - Surface tilt
N1  - Accession Number: 7795558; Vasco, Don W. 1; Email Address: dwvasco@lbl.gov Karasaki, Kenzi 1 Nakagome, Osamu 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Earth Sciences, Building 90, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Japan Petroleum Exploration Co. Ltd., 2-2-2 Higashishinagawa, Shinagawaku, Tokyo 140-0002, Japan; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p303; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Subject Term: SUBSIDENCES (Earth movements); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hijiori; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Japan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Okuaizu; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subsidence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface tilt; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 40p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ehman, J. L
AU  - Schmid, H. P
AU  - Grimmond, C. S. B
AU  - Randolph, J. C
AU  - Hanson, P. J
AU  - Wayson, C. A
AU  - Cropley, F. D
T1  - An initial intercomparison of micrometeorological and ecological inventory estimates of carbon exchange in a mid-latitude deciduous forest.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
EP  - 589
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract The role of mid-latitude forests in the sequestration of carbon (C) is of interest to an increasing number of scientists and policy-makers alike. Net CO2 exchange can be estimated on an annual basis, using eddy-covariance techniques or from ecological inventories of C fluxes to and from a forest. Here we present an intercomparison of annual estimates of C exchange in a mixed hardwood forest in the Morgan-Monroe State Forest, Indiana, USA for two years, 1998 and 1999. Based on eddy-covariance measurements made at 1.8 times canopy height from a tower, C uptake by the forest was 237 and 287 g C m-2 y-1 for 1998 and 1999, respectively. For the same time period, biometric and ecophysiological measures and modelled estimates of all significant carbon fluxes within deciduous forests were made, including: change in living biomass, aboveground and belowground detritus production, foliage consumption, and forest floor and soil respiration. Using this ecological inventory method for these same two time periods, C uptake was estimated to be 271 and 377 g C m-2 y-1 , which are 14.3% and 31.4% larger, respectively, than the tower-based values. The relative change between this method's annual estimates is consistent with that of the eddy-covariance based values. Our results indicate that the difference in annual C exchange rates was due to reduced heterotrophic soil respiration in 1999. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - FOREST microclimatology
KW  - FOREST productivity
KW  - FOREST soils
KW  - BIOMETRY
KW  - INDIANA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - biometry
KW  - Carbon fluxes
KW  - deciduous forest
KW  - ecophysiology
KW  - eddy covariance
KW  - micrometeorology
KW  - net ecosystem production
KW  - net primary production
KW  - soil respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 6703398; Ehman, J. L 1 Schmid, H. P 2 Grimmond, C. S. B 2 Randolph, J. C 1 Hanson, P. J 3 Wayson, C. A 1 Cropley, F. D 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 47405,  2: Atmospheric Science Program, Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 47405,  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA 37831; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p575; Subject Term: CARBON cycle (Biogeochemistry); Subject Term: FOREST microclimatology; Subject Term: FOREST productivity; Subject Term: FOREST soils; Subject Term: BIOMETRY; Subject Term: INDIANA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: biometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: deciduous forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecophysiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: eddy covariance; Author-Supplied Keyword: micrometeorology; Author-Supplied Keyword: net ecosystem production; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary production; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil respiration; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00492.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geveke, David J.
AU  - Kozempel, Michael
AU  - Scullen, O. Joseph
AU  - Brunkhorst, Chris
T1  - Radio frequency energy effects on microorganisms in foods
JO  - Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
JF  - Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 14668564
AB  - Liquids containing microorganisms were exposed to radio frequency (RF) energy to study non-thermal inactivation. RF energy was applied to the liquids while heat was simultaneously removed to control temperature. Turbulent flow was maintained to minimize localized heating. An 18 MHz RF processor applied an approximately 0.5 kV/cm electric field strength to the liquids. It was capable of pasteurizing the liquids provided that cooling was minimized. There were no non-thermal effects of RF energy detected on Escherichia coli K-12, Listeria innocua, or yeast in apple cider, beer, deionized water, liquid whole egg, and tomato juice; nor were there any synergistic effects of RF energy with heat. The low temperature effects of RF energy at 18 MHz and 0.5 kV/cm were due to heat. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOOD -- Safety measures
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - FOOD -- Microbiology
KW  - Apple cider
KW  - Food safety
KW  - Liquid egg
KW  - Non-thermal
KW  - Pasteurization
KW  - Radio frequency
N1  - Accession Number: 7824601; Geveke, David J. 1; Email Address: dgeveke@arserrc.gov Kozempel, Michael 1 Scullen, O. Joseph 1 Brunkhorst, Chris 2; Affiliation:  1: Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p133; Subject Term: FOOD -- Safety measures; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: FOOD -- Microbiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apple cider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid egg; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-thermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pasteurization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radio frequency; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thom, Andrew J.
AU  - Summers, Eric
AU  - Akinc, Mufit
T1  - Oxidation behavior of extruded Mo5Si3Bx–MoSi2–MoB intermetallics from 600°–1600 °C
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 555
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The oxidation behavior of Mo5Si3Bx (T1)–MoSi2–MoB composites fabricated by green extrusion processing was investigated over the temperature range of 600–1600 °C in air. Low temperature experiments from 600 to 1000 °C revealed that unoxidized material initially forms a mixed molybdenum and silicon oxide scale. The unoxidized material undergoes rapid mass loss over a narrow temperature range of 660–760 °C, with complete disintegration of the material occurring at about 730 °C. At temperatures above about 760 °C, a coherent glassy scale forms to protect the alloy from further oxidation. High temperature oxidation tests from 1150 to 1600 °C show that the material forms a continuous glassy scale, 10–20 μm in thickness, which protects the underlying alloy. Steady state oxidation kinetics were not achieved until exposure at 1600 °C, due to the effect of contamination introduced during green extrusion processing. The calculated parabolic rate constant at 1600 °C is 9.7×10−3 mg2/cm4/h, which compares favorably to that of MoSi2-based materials. The observed oxidation behavior and kinetics over the entire temperature range were not significantly influenced by sample porosity (79% versus 96% of theoretical density). Boron depletion of the near-surface scale was observed at 1150 °C, leading to the formation of pure silica in the outer portion of the scale. The extent and rate of boron evaporation increased significantly as temperature increased to 1600 °C. Formation of pure silica in the scale implies that oxygen transport through silica must be the rate-limiting step in the high temperature oxidation of these alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - A. Intermetallics
KW  - A. Molybdenum silicide
KW  - B. Oxidation
KW  - C. Extrusion
N1  - Accession Number: 7820651; Thom, Andrew J.; Email Address: ajthom@ameslab.gov Summers, Eric Akinc, Mufit 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 10 Issue 6, p555; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Molybdenum silicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Extrusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, J.H.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Pike, L.M.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
T1  - Enthalpies of formation of binary Laves phases
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 579
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Enthalpies of formation of binary Laves phases have been critically surveyed and reviewed in this paper. The enthalpy-of-formation data indicate that both geometric and electronic factors are important in stabilizing Laves phases. Analysis of enthalpy data reveals that there are metallic, covalent, and ionic bonds, or a mixed metallic-covalent-ionic bond, in Laves phases. The enthalpies of formation for binary transition-metal lanthanide Laves phases including ReCo2, ReNi2, ReFe2, ReRu2, ReRh2, ReOs2, ReIr2, and RePt2 (Re—lanthanide element), as calculated by the semiempirical Miedema model, are found to be in good agreement with the available experimental data. This indicates that Miedema''s theory is capable of predicting the enthalpy of formation of transition-metal lanthanide Laves-phase systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - A. Laves phases
KW  - B. Crystal chemistry of intermetallics
KW  - B. Thermodynamic and thermochemical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 7820654; Zhu, J.H. 1 Liu, C.T. 2; Email Address: liuct@ornl.gov Pike, L.M. 3 Liaw, P.K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, TTU Box 5014, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  3: Haynes International, Kokomo, IN 46904, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 10 Issue 6, p579; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Laves phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Crystal chemistry of intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermodynamic and thermochemical properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woerdeman, Dara L.
AU  - Emerson, John A.
AU  - Giunta, Rachel K.
T1  - JKR contact mechanics for evaluating surface contamination on inorganic substrates
JO  - International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives
JF  - International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
SN  - 01437496
AB  - The JKR contact mechanics approach is employed to analyze the effects of surface contaminants on adhesive bonding, as well as quantify the level of contamination at which adhesive strength decreases. The contact adhesive forces between two surfaces, one being a soft hemisphere and the other being a hard plate, can readily be determined by applying an external compressive load to join the two surfaces, and by subsequently applying a tensile load to assess the energy dissipation mechanisms involved in the debonding process. In the present work, we monitor the interactions between a diglycidyl epoxy elastomer and an aluminum oxide substrate in the presence of an organic contaminant, as a means to evaluate the level of contamination at a surface. Moreover, we present a method by which surface contamination can be quantified using a single number, referred to as the adhesion hysteresis parameter, <f>H</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - ADHESIVES
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - Contact mechanics
KW  - Epoxy elastomers
KW  - Epoxy–aluminum adhesion
KW  - JKR theory
KW  - Polymer–metal adhesion
KW  - Polymer–solid interfaces
KW  - Surface contamination
N1  - Accession Number: 8728730; Woerdeman, Dara L. 1; Email Address: dara.woerdeman@mtm.kuleuven.be Emerson, John A. 2 Giunta, Rachel K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284-3028, USA  2: Organic Materials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0958, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p257; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: ADHESIVES; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxy elastomers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxy–aluminum adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: JKR theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer–metal adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer–solid interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface contamination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325520 Adhesive Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sobacchi, M.G.
AU  - Saveliev, A.V.
AU  - Fridman, A.A.
AU  - Kennedy, L.A.
AU  - Ahmed, S.
AU  - Krause, T.
T1  - Experimental assessment of a combined plasma/catalytic system for hydrogen production via partial oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 27
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
SN  - 03603199
AB  - A combined reformation system, which includes both auto-thermal catalytic and non-equilibrium plasma units, is studied experimentally. The system is assessed for the practical application of hydrogen production via reforming of liquid gasoline-like fuels. The catalyst has been previously used for reforming of different types of hydrocarbons, demonstrating good performances in terms of hydrogen production for temperatures as high as <f>800°C</f>. In this work, a non-equilibrium plasma source is coupled to the catalytic unit. A pulsed corona reactor is used as a non-equilibrium plasma source at atmospheric pressure. The performances of combined reformation system are characterized experimentally in terms of hydrogen yield and electric power consumption. Hydrogen conversion and byproduct composition are determined and quantified with respect to power consumption, reactor temperature, input reactant composition, and configuration of the experimental setup. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONEQUILIBRIUM plasmas
KW  - HYDROGEN production
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Corona discharge
KW  - Fuel cells
KW  - Non-equilibrium plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 7772251; Sobacchi, M.G. 1 Saveliev, A.V. 1 Fridman, A.A. 1 Kennedy, L.A. 1; Email Address: lkennedy@uic.edu Ahmed, S. 2 Krause, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 27 Issue 6, p635; Subject Term: NONEQUILIBRIUM plasmas; Subject Term: HYDROGEN production; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corona discharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-equilibrium plasma; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, W.
AU  - France, D.M.
AU  - Wambsganss, M.W.
AU  - Hull, J.R.
T1  - Two-phase pressure drop, boiling heat transfer, and critical heat flux to water in a small-diameter horizontal tube
JO  - International Journal of Multiphase Flow
JF  - International Journal of Multiphase Flow
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 28
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 927
SN  - 03019322
AB  - Two-phase pressure drop, boiling heat transfer, and critical heat flux to water were studied in a small horizontal tube of 2.98-mm inside diameter and 0.91-m heated length. Experiments were performed at a system pressure of 200 kPa, mass fluxes of 50–200 kg/m<f>2</f>s, and inlet temperatures from ambient to 80 <f>°</f>C. Experimental results and comparisons with state-of-the-art predictive correlations are presented. Modifications were made to the Chisholm two-phase multiplier correlation and to the Argonne National Laboratory small-channel boiling heat transfer correlation to better predict the experimental data of the present study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Multiphase Flow is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DROPS
KW  - TWO-phase flow
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - Boiling heat transfer
KW  - Critical heat flux
KW  - Horizontal flow
KW  - Pressure drop
KW  - Small channel
N1  - Accession Number: 7795375; Yu, W. 1; Email Address: wyu@anl.gov France, D.M. 2; Email Address: dfrance@uic.edu Wambsganss, M.W. 1; Email Address: wambsganss@anl.gov Hull, J.R. 1; Email Address: jhull@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Building 335, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, M/C 251, 842 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7022, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 28 Issue 6, p927; Subject Term: DROPS; Subject Term: TWO-phase flow; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boiling heat transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical heat flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Horizontal flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure drop; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small channel; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rutqvist, J.
AU  - Wu, Y.-S.
AU  - Tsang, C.-F.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.
T1  - A modeling approach for analysis of coupled multiphase fluid flow, heat transfer, and deformation in fractured porous rock
JO  - International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 13651609
AB  - This paper presents the methodology in which two computer codes—TOUGH2 and FLAC3D—are linked and jointly executed for coupled thermal–hydrologic–mechanical (THM) analysis of multiphase fluid flow, heat transfer, and deformation in fractured and porous rock. TOUGH2 is a well-established code for geohydrological analysis with multiphase, multicomponent fluid flow and heat transport, while FLAC3D is a widely used commercial code that is designed for rock and soil mechanics with thermomechanical and hydromechanical interactions. In this study, the codes are sequentially executed and linked through external coupling modules: one that dictates changes in effective stress as a function of multi-phase pore pressure and thermal expansion, and one that corrects porosity, permeability, and capillary pressure for changes in stress. The capability of a linked TOUGH-FLAC simulator is demonstrated on two complex coupled problems related to injection and storage of carbon dioxide in aquifers and to disposal of nuclear waste in unsaturated fractured porous media. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ROCK mechanics
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - Modeling fractured rock coupled deformation fluid flow
N1  - Accession Number: 7842519; Rutqvist, J.; Email Address: jrutqvist@lbl.gov Wu, Y.-S. 1 Tsang, C.-F. 1 Bodvarsson, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 947 20, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p429; Subject Term: ROCK mechanics; Subject Term: HYDROGEOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling fractured rock coupled deformation fluid flow; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumetta, Gregg J.
AU  - Sell, Richard L.
AU  - McNamara, Bruce K.
T1  - Thermal Decomposition of Neodymium Amide Complexes.
JO  - Journal of Coordination Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Coordination Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/06//6/1/2002
VL  - 55
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 651
EP  - 658
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00958972
AB  - The decomposition of NdCl 3 L ( L = N , N -dimethylformamide [DMF] or N , N -dimethyacetamide [DMA]) compounds has been investigated by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA and DTA) coupled with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. When heated in air, the NdCl 3 L compounds decompose by a mechanism involving oxidation of the amide ligand to CO 2 and HCl. Some free armide is also released in the thermal decomposition in air. However, when heated under nitrogen, clean release of DMA or DMF is observed. In both cases, the amide is released two steps. From 30 to 40% of the amide is initially released with little or no associated enthalpy as measured by DTA. As the temperature is increased, the remaining 60 to 70% of the amide is released via an endothermic process. The enthalpy for this release is 53.1 ± 3.8 kJ/mole for DMF and 40.9 ± 1.1 kJ/mole for DMA, suggesting that DMF binds more strongly to Nd(III) than does DMA. Steric effects caused by the additional methyl group in DMA might be responsible for the weaker binding of this amide compared to DMF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Coordination Chemistry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - Dimethylacetamide
KW  - Dimethylformamide
KW  - Neodymium
KW  - Thermal analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11548836; Lumetta, Gregg J. 1; Email Address: gregg.lumetta@pnl.gov Sell, Richard L. 1 McNamara, Bruce K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 6/1/2002, Vol. 55 Issue 6, p651; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: AMIDES; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimethylacetamide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimethylformamide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neodymium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal analysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00958970290027516
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaitseva, N.
AU  - Carman, L.
AU  - Smolsky, I.
T1  - Habit control during rapid growth of KDP and DKDP crystals
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 241
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
SN  - 00220248
AB  - KDP and DKDP crystals of various habits were grown at rates of 10–20 mm/day to linear sizes near 90 cm. The ratio of dimensions along the crystallographic axes was controlled by two methods: (1) creation of special dislocation structures during the seed regeneration process and (2) change in the orientation of the seed. The methods to control crystal habit and dislocation structure during subsequent growth are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - POTASSIUM compounds
KW  - A1. X-ray topography
KW  - A2.  Growth from solutions
KW  - B1. Phosphates
KW  - B1. Potassium compounds
KW  - B2. Non-linear optical materials
N1  - Accession Number: 7813163; Zaitseva, N. 1; Email Address: zaitseva1@llnl.gov Carman, L. 1 Smolsky, I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 7000 East Avevue P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Stanford University, P.O. Box 4349, Stanford, CA 94309, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 241 Issue 3, p363; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: POTASSIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. X-ray topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2.  Growth from solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Phosphates; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Potassium compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Non-linear optical materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Visco Jr., Donald P.
AU  - Pophale, Ramdas S.
AU  - Rintoul, Mark D.
AU  - Faulon, Jean-Loup
T1  - Developing a methodology for an inverse quantitative structure-activity relationship using the signature molecular descriptor
JO  - Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling
JF  - Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 10933263
AB  - The concept of signature as a molecular descriptor is introduced and various topological indices used in quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) are expressed as functions of the new descriptor. The effectiveness of signature versus commonly used descriptors in QSAR analysis is demonstrated by correlating the activities of 121 HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Our approach to the inverse-QSAR problem consists of first finding the optimum sets of descriptor values best matching a target activity and then generating a focused library of candidate structures from the solution set of descriptor values. Both steps are facilitated by the use of signature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QSAR (Biochemistry)
KW  - PROTEASE inhibitors
KW  - Inverse-QSAR
KW  - Molecular descriptor
KW  - Signature
KW  - Topological indices
N1  - Accession Number: 7783508; Visco Jr., Donald P. 1 Pophale, Ramdas S. 1 Rintoul, Mark D. 2 Faulon, Jean-Loup 2; Email Address: jfaulon@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Box 5013, Cookeville, TN, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9951 Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p429; Subject Term: QSAR (Biochemistry); Subject Term: PROTEASE inhibitors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse-QSAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular descriptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Topological indices; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balooch, M.
AU  - Dinh, L.N.
AU  - Calef, D.F.
T1  - The reaction kinetics of lithium salt with water vapor
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 303
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The interaction of lithium salt (LiH and/or LiD) with water vapor in the partial pressure range of 10−5–2657 Pa has been investigated. The reaction probability of water with LiH cleaved in an ultra high vacuum environment was obtained using the modulated molecular beam technique. This probability was 0.11 and independent of LiH surface temperature, suggesting a negligible activation energy for the reaction in agreement with quantum chemical calculations. The value gradually reduced, however, to 0.007 as the surface concentration of oxygen containing product approached full coverage. As the film grew beyond a monolayer, the phase lag of hydrogen product increased from 0 °C to 20 °C and the reaction probability reduced further until it approached our detection limit (∼10<f>−4</f>). This phase lag was attributed to a diffusion-limited process in this regime. For micrometer thick hydroxide films grown in high moisture concentration environment on LiD and LiH, the reaction probability reduced to ∼<f>4×10−7</f> and was independent of exposure time. In this regime of thick hydroxide films (LiOH and/or LiOD), microcracks generated in the films to release stress provided easier pathways for moisture to reach the interface. A modified microscope, capable of both atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation, was also employed to investigate the surface morphology of hydroxide monohydrate (LiOH <f>·</f> H2O and/or LiOD <f>·</f> H2O) grown on hydroxide at high water vapor partial pressures and the kinetics of this growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - SALTS
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 7822260; Balooch, M. Dinh, L.N. 1 Calef, D.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-357, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 303 Issue 2/3, p200; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: SALTS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helean, K.B.
AU  - Navrotsky, A.
AU  - Vance, E.R.
AU  - Carter, M.L.
AU  - Ebbinghaus, B.
AU  - Krikorian, O.
AU  - Lian, J.
AU  - Wang, L.M.
AU  - Catalano, J.G.
T1  - Enthalpies of formation of Ce-pyrochlore, <f>Ca0.93Ce1.00Ti2.035O7.00</f>, U-pyrochlore, <f>Ca1.46U4+0.23U6+0.46Ti1.85O7.00</f> and Gd-pyrochlore, <f>Gd2Ti2O7</f>: three materials relevant to the proposed waste form for excess weapons plutonium
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 303
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 226
SN  - 00223115
AB  - High temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry was used to derive standard enthalpies of formation, <f>ΔH0f</f> (kJ/mol), for three pyrochlore phases: <f>Ca0.93Ce1.00Ti2.035O7.00</f> (<f>−</f><f>3656.0±5.6</f>), <f>Ca1.46U4+0.23U6+0.46Ti1.85O7.00</f> (<f>−</f><f>3610.6±4.1</f>) and <f>Gd2Ti2O7</f> (<f>−</f><f>3822.5±4.9</f>). Enthalpy of drop solution data, <f>ΔHds</f>, were used to calculate enthalpies of formation with respect to an oxide phase assemblage, <f>ΔH0f−ox</f>: <f>CaO+MO2+2TiO2=CaMTi2O7</f> or <f>Gd2O3+2TiO2=Gd2Ti2O7</f>, and an oxide/perovskite phase assemblage, <f>ΔH0f−pv+ox</f>: <f>CaTiO3+MO2+TiO2=CaMTi2O7</f>, where <f>M=Ce</f> or U. All three pyrochlore samples were stable in enthalpy relative to an oxide assemblage with <f>ΔH0f−ox</f> (kJ/mol) <f>(Gd2</f><f>Ti2O7)=−113.4±2.8</f>; <f>ΔH0f−ox(Ca1.46U4+0.23U6+0.46Ti1.85O7.00)=−123.1±3.4</f>; <f>ΔH0f−ox(Ca0.93Ce1.00Ti2.035O7.00)=−54.1±5.2</f>. U-pyrochlore was stable in enthalpy relative to an oxide/perovskite assemblage (<f>ΔH0f−pv+ox=−5.1±4.0</f> kJ/mol). Ce-pyrochlore was metastable in enthalpy relative to the oxide/perovskite phase assemblage (<f>ΔH0f−pv+ox=+21.0±5.5</f> kJ/mol). A significant metastability field was defined with respect to an oxide/perovskite phase assemblage. However, the proposed waste form baseline composition lies in the stable regions of the phase diagrams. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - CALORIMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 7822262; Helean, K.B. 1; Email Address: kbhelean@ucdavis.edu Navrotsky, A. 1 Vance, E.R. 2 Carter, M.L. 2 Ebbinghaus, B. 3 Krikorian, O. 3 Lian, J. 4 Wang, L.M. 4 Catalano, J.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Thermochemistry Facility, The University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Private Mailbag 1, Menai (Sydney), NSW 2234, Australia  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48111, USA  5: Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 303 Issue 2/3, p226; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bitterwolf, Thomas E.
AU  - Scallorn, W. Bruce
AU  - Bays, J. Timothy
AU  - Weiss, Callie A.
AU  - Linehan, John C.
AU  - Franz, James
AU  - Poli, Rinaldo
T1  - Photochemical intermediates of trans-Rh(CO)L2Cl where L=PMe3, PBu3, and i-Pr2HN and cis-Rh(CO)2(i-Pr2HN)Cl in frozen organic glasses
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 652
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - The Nujol glass matrix photolyses of Rh(CO)(PMe3)2Cl (1), Rh(CO)(PBu3)2Cl (2), Rh(CO)2(i-Pr2HN)Cl (3), and Rh(CO)(i-Pr2HN)2Cl (4), have been examined. Phototolysis of 1 (λirr>400 nm) and 2 (350<λirr<400 nm) give new species, A, with carbonyl stretching bands slightly below the parent bands. In the case of 1 this species appears to give rise to a second product, C, upon either extended photolysis or annealing. High-energy photolysis of 1, 2, and 4, result in loss of CO and formation of an IR silent species, RhL2Cl. In the case of 1 a new carbonyl species, B, is observed upon high-energy photolysis or annealing of a matrix containing CO and Rh(PMe3)2Cl. B may be converted to 1 by either back photolysis or annealing. Compound 3 undergoes photochemical CO-loss to form two isomeric photoproducts. Comparison of the carbonyl stretching frequencies of phosphine and ammine derivatives and photoproducts made it possible to eliminate PR3 loss as the source of A. DFT calculations suggest that A may be a non-planar, triplet excited state of 1 or 2. DFT calculations also support the assignment of B to cis-Rh(CO)(PMe3)2Cl. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - AMINES
KW  - Amine derivatives
KW  - DFT analysis
KW  - Photolysis
N1  - Accession Number: 7821449; Bitterwolf, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: bitterte@uidaho.edu Scallorn, W. Bruce 1 Bays, J. Timothy 1 Weiss, Callie A. 1 Linehan, John C. 2 Franz, James 2 Poli, Rinaldo 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2343, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Laboratoire de Syntheses et d'Electrosynthese Organometalliques, Université de Bourgogne Faculté de Sciences “Gabriel”, 21100 Dijon, France; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 652 Issue 1/2, p95; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: AMINES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amine derivatives; Author-Supplied Keyword: DFT analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photolysis; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holladay, Jamelyn D.
AU  - Jones, Evan O.
AU  - Phelps, Max
AU  - Hu, Jianli
T1  - Microfuel processor for use in a miniature power supply
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A microscale fuel reformer for use with a miniature fuel cell has been built and operated at efficiencies that make them attractive for use as a miniature power supply for microelectronics. The fuel reformer and the results of initial tests are discussed. The fuel processor assembly consists of two vaporizer/preheaters, a heat exchanger, a combustor, and a steam reformer. Methanol was identified as a good candidate for use in the microscale reformer. A proprietary catalyst was developed to reform methanol. The catalyst was able to process a methanol water mixture (1:1 by weight) into a hydrogen-rich stream composed of 73–74 vol% H2, 25–26 vol% CO2, and 0.6–1.2 vol% CO on a dry basis. Almost 3 mols of hydrogen per mol of methanol reacted, which approached the theoretical maximum. An integrated fuel processor that used proprietary catalyst in the reformer and catalytic combustion to provide the heat was designed and built. The reformer and combustor were each less than 5 mm3 in volume. When 100 mWe of hydrogen was produced, a thermal efficiency of 9%, or an estimated 4.5% net efficiency (including a hypothetical fuel cell), was achieved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Fuel reformer
KW  - Hydrogen generation
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Microdevice
KW  - Microscale power
N1  - Accession Number: 7807138; Holladay, Jamelyn D.; Email Address: jamelyn.holladay@pnl.gov Jones, Evan O. 1 Phelps, Max 1 Hu, Jianli 1; Affiliation:  1: Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 108 Issue 1/2, p21; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: POWER resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel reformer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microdevice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscale power; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nadeau, Gabrielle
AU  - Song, Xiang Yun
AU  - Massé, Monique
AU  - Guerfi, Abdelbast
AU  - Brisard, Gessie
AU  - Kinoshita, Kimio
AU  - Zaghib, Karim
T1  - Effect of heat-treatment and additives on the particles and carbon fibers as anodes for lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Carbon fiber (CF) and mesocarbon microbead (MCMB) precursors were heat-treated at 700–2800 °C, and the electrochemical and physical properties of the carbons were investigated. These carbons are quite different from natural graphite, which has a well-ordered layer planes where intercalation occur and two distinct surface sites, i.e. basal and edge plane sites. In the case of the fibers, intercalation occur by a single plane (circular area) or by two planes, the circular area and the cylindrical edge. For MCMBs, because of its sphere-like structure, this type of carbon is able to intercalate lithium ions more uniformly (i.e. 360°). The effect of additives (B, Ag and Sn) in the two carbon samples (CF and MCMB) on the electrochemical performance was also investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - CLATHRATE compounds
KW  - Boron-doped carbon fiber
KW  - Carbon fibers
KW  - Lithium-ion batteries
KW  - Mesocarbon microbeads
N1  - Accession Number: 7807147; Nadeau, Gabrielle 1 Song, Xiang Yun 2 Massé, Monique 1 Guerfi, Abdelbast 1 Brisard, Gessie 1,3 Kinoshita, Kimio 2 Zaghib, Karim 1; Email Address: karimz@ireq.ca; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec, Service Chimie des Materiaux, 1800 boul, Lionel-Boulet, Montée Ste-Julie, Varennes, Que., Canada J3X 1S1  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department de chimie, 2500 Boul. Universite, Sherbrooke, P.Qc, Canada, J1K 2R1; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 108 Issue 1/2, p86; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: CLATHRATE compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron-doped carbon fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesocarbon microbeads; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Habelitz, Stefan
AU  - Balooch, Mehdi
AU  - Marshall, Sally J.
AU  - Balooch, Guive
AU  - Marshall Jr., Grayson W.
T1  - In situ atomic force microscopy of partially demineralized human dentin collagen fibrils
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 138
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 10478477
AB  - Dentin collagen fibrils were studied in situ by atomic force microscopy (AFM). New data on size distribution and the axial repeat distance of hydrated and dehydrated collagen type I fibrils are presented. Polished dentin disks from third molars were partially demineralized with citric acid, leaving proteins and the collagen matrix. At this stage collagen fibrils were not resolved by AFM, but after exposure to <f>NaOClaq</f> for 100–240 s, and presumably due to the removal of noncollagenous proteins, individual collagen fibrils and the fibril network of dentin connected to the mineralized substrate were revealed. High-aspect-ratio silicon tips in tapping mode were used to image the soft fibril network. Hydrated fibrils showed three distinct groups of diameters: 100, 91, and 83 nm and a narrow distribution of the axial repeat distance at 67 nm. Dehydration resulted in a broad distribution of the fibril diameters between 75 and 105 nm and a division of the axial repeat distance into three groups at 67, 62, and 57 nm. Subfibrillar features (4 nm) were observed on hydrated and dehydrated fibrils. The gap depth between the thick and thin repeating segments of the fibrils varied from 3 to 7 nm. Phase mode revealed mineral particles on the transition from the gap to the overlap zone of the fibrils. This method appears to be a powerful tool for the analysis of fibrillar collagen structures in calcified tissues and may aid in understanding the differences in collagen affected by chemical treatments or by diseases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENTIN
KW  - COLLAGEN
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Collagen
KW  - Dentin
KW  - Hydration
N1  - Accession Number: 8514086; Habelitz, Stefan 1; Email Address: shabeli@itsa.ucsf.edu Balooch, Mehdi 2 Marshall, Sally J. 1 Balooch, Guive 1 Marshall Jr., Grayson W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, 707 Parnassus Avenue D-2260, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 138 Issue 3, p227; Subject Term: DENTIN; Subject Term: COLLAGEN; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dentin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schilling, Christopher H.
AU  - Sikora, Marek
AU  - Tomasik, Piotr
AU  - Li, Chuangping
AU  - Garcia, Victor
T1  - Rheology of alumina–nanoparticle suspensions: effects of lower saccharides and sugar alcohols
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
SN  - 09552219
AB  - We empirically correlated the rheology of aqueous suspensions of ultrafine (40 nm diameter) γ-alumina powder with the concentration and structure of the following sugars and sugar alcohols: maltodextrin, sorbitol, maltitol, D-fructose, D-glucose and sucrose. It is shown that several monosaccharides, especially pentoses and sugar alcohols, significantly improve fluidity of aqueous suspensions and high-density pastes of alumina powder. In hexoses, the orientation of the 4-hydroxyl group plays a key role in controlling alumina-suspension rheology. The green strength and the sintering densification of slip cast alumina pellets were not affected by the addition of 5 wt.% of either arabinose, xylose, mannitol, or maltitol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - SORBITOL
KW  - MONOSACCHARIDES
KW  - Al2O3
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Rheology
KW  - Saccharides
KW  - Suspensions
N1  - Accession Number: 8726700; Schilling, Christopher H. 1; Email Address: schillin@svsu.edu Sikora, Marek 2 Tomasik, Piotr 2 Li, Chuangping 1 Garcia, Victor 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory<fn id="fn2"><no>2</no>Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University under the contract No. NW-74005-eng-82 with the US Department of Energy.</fn> and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: University of Agriculture, Mickiewicz Avenue, 21, 31 120 Cracow, Poland; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p917; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: SORBITOL; Subject Term: MONOSACCHARIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saccharides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suspensions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schilling, Christopher H.
AU  - Li, Chuanping
AU  - Tomasik, Piotr
AU  - Kim, Jong-Cheol
T1  - The rheology of alumina suspensions: influence of polysaccharides
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 923
SN  - 09552219
AB  - We empirically correlated the rheology of aqueous suspensions of submicron alumina powder with the concentration, structure, and molecular weight of various polysaccharides that were added to these suspensions. We focus on the question of how to increase the alumina concentration to the highest level possible and still maintain a sufficient degree of plasticity to enable shape forming by plastic molding. We showed that, without polysaccharide, 30 vol.% alumina suspensions are thixotropic. These suspensions exhibited highly fluid, Bingham-plastic-like behavior upon the addition of maltodextrins and dextrans having low molecular weight. Branching of polysaccharide additives is not beneficial for the rheology of 30 vol.% alumina suspensions and 52-vol.%-alumina-filter-cakes. We observed that maltodextrins and potato dextrin (6.6 kDa) enabled filtration of plastic masses of alumina that were easily ram pressed. These materials dried into a strong, crack-free condition that could be handled without breaking. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Al2O3
KW  - Plastic forming
KW  - Rheology
KW  - Saccharides
KW  - Suspensions
N1  - Accession Number: 8726701; Schilling, Christopher H. 1; Email Address: schillin@svsu.edu Li, Chuanping 1 Tomasik, Piotr 2 Kim, Jong-Cheol 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University under the contract number W-74005-eng-82 with the US Department of Energy.</fn> and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: University of Agriculture, Mickiewicz Avenue, 21, 31 120 Cracow, Poland; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p923; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR weights; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic forming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saccharides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suspensions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dev, Sukhendu B.
AU  - Caban, John B.
AU  - Nanda, Gurvinder S.
AU  - Bleecher, Susan D.
AU  - Rabussay, Dietmar P.
AU  - Moerland, Timothy S.
AU  - Gibbs, Stephen J.
AU  - Locke, Bruce R.
T1  - Magnetic resonance studies of laryngeal tumors implanted in nude mice: effect of treatment with bleomycin and electroporation&star; <FN ID="FN1"><NO>&star;</NO>Both the groups at Genetronics and Florida State University contributed equally</FN>
JO  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X)
JF  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X)
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
SN  - 0730725X
AB  - Recently, a new type of cancer treatment has been introduced that combines pulsed electric fields (PEF) with anticancer drugs. The proposed mode of action is that PEF create transient pores in the membranes which allow entry of drugs into the cells. This method increases cytotoxicity of some anticancer drugs like bleomycin (BLM) by 2–3 orders of magnitude, which, in turn, reduces systemic drug dosage without decreasing efficacy. In the present study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine changes in apparent water self-diffusion coefficients (ADC) and spin-lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) relaxation times that occur in an animal laryngeal tumor (HEp-2 cells) model with BLM delivered by PEF. A Bruker 14 Tesla (600 MHz) wide-bore spectrometer with micro-imaging capability was used to generate all the data. Mice carrying ∼8 mm tumors were treated with several combinations of drug and PEF. All measurements were made on tumor samples excised from mice 24 and 48 hours after treatment with (i) saline, intratumor injection (i.t.), (ii) BLM, i.t., (iii) saline with PEF, and (iv) BLM, i.t., followed by PEF. Although T1 does not differ between the controls (i, ii, and iii) and full treatment (iv) 6.72 ± 0.20 s vs. 6.31 ± 1.7 s, T2 for (iv) at 24 hours is significantly different from the controls 52.4 ± 0.91 ms vs. 46.5 ± 1.54 ms. T2 differences between treatment and controls disappear at 48 hours. ADC increases significantly from 24 to 48 hours (7.31 ± 0.16 × 10−6 to 8.28 ± 0.28 × 10−6 cm2/sec, p = 0.05). Longer T2 values may reflect early apoptosis and tumor death when the tumor is structurally less dense. Higher ADC’s, associated with the periphery of the tumors and the central region, may indicate loose structural organization and necrosis resulting from the combination treatment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X) is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER treatment
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - Bleomycin
KW  - Cancer treatment
KW  - Electroporation
KW  - MRI
KW  - Water self-diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 7870976; Dev, Sukhendu B. 1 Caban, John B. 2 Nanda, Gurvinder S. 1 Bleecher, Susan D. 1 Rabussay, Dietmar P. 1 Moerland, Timothy S. 3 Gibbs, Stephen J. 4,5 Locke, Bruce R. 5; Email Address: locke@eng.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Genetronics, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA  2: Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA  3: Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA  5: Department of Chemical Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p389; Subject Term: CANCER treatment; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bleomycin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electroporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water self-diffusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, Ping
AU  - Li, J.C.M.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
T1  - Reaction mechanism of combustion synthesis of NiAl
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Based on precise temperature measurements during combustion and microstructural analysis of quenched samples, the evolution of reaction of the NiAl combustion synthesis has been studied. The combustion reaction of a multilayer Ni/Al system takes place in a thermal explosion mode under near adiabatic conditions. The experimental results clearly show that the combustion reaction starts right after the melting of Al. From the start to completion, the reaction goes through three stages. In the first stage, the temperature rises from the melting point of aluminum to the decomposition temperature of the intermediate phase NiAl3, i.e. 854 °C. The reaction is the dissolution of nickel in liquid aluminum, with the formation of small amounts of intermediate phases NiAl3 and Ni2Al3 at the solid–liquid interface. In the second stage, the temperature of the system increases from 854 to about 1300 °C. The reaction is still the dissolution of nickel in liquid aluminum solution. However, due to supersaturation, solid NiAl precipitates out at about 1300 °C, generates a great deal of heat and increases the temperature suddenly. The third stage starts at about 1300 °C, and ends at the maximum reaction temperature. The reaction rate of this stage is much higher (two orders higher) than that of first and second stages. The final product, liquid NiAl, forms at this stage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry)
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Combustion synthesis
KW  - Interface phases
KW  - Intermetallics
KW  - Liquid–solid reaction
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Nickel aluminide
KW  - Reaction mechanism
KW  - Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
KW  - Supersaturation
N1  - Accession Number: 7877022; Zhu, Ping 1 Li, J.C.M. 1 Liu, C.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Program, College of Arts, Sciences and Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627-0133, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p57; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid–solid reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel aluminide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supersaturation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiao, Z.
AU  - Whang, S.H.
AU  - Yoo, M.H.
AU  - Feng, Q.
T1  - Stability of ordinary dislocations on cross-slip planes in γ-TiAl
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Ordinary dislocations in γ-TiAl frequently cross-slip onto various non-primary slip planes at high temperatures. The anomalous hardening in γ-TiAl was believed to be linked to cross-slip behavior. Therefore, the stability of ordinary dislocations and the interaction energy of kink pairs or jog pairs in these cross-slip planes were examined to understand the cross-slip behavior. The energy factors and line tension for 1/2〈110] screw dislocations in γ-TiAl were calculated on the basis of the Sextic formalism. Inverse Wulff plots were applied to determine the instability of dislocations on (111), (110) and (001) glide planes. The dislocations are stable due to the convexity of the plots and always have positive line tension. The interaction energy in kink pairs on the cross-slip planes were calculated. The results show that the interaction energy was highly anisotropic in the cross-slip planes and was found to be the minimum on the (110) plane, which is consistent with the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations in the literature. The temperature effects on the stability and interaction energy were also investigated using six independent elastic constants at different temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - (110) Cross-slip
KW  - Kink pair interaction energy
KW  - Line tension
KW  - Titanium aluminides
N1  - Accession Number: 7877037; Jiao, Z. 1 Whang, S.H. 1 Yoo, M.H. 2 Feng, Q. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p171; Subject Term: TITANIUM alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: (110) Cross-slip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kink pair interaction energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Line tension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium aluminides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoshimi, K.
AU  - Yoo, M.H.
AU  - Wereszczak, A.A.
AU  - Borowicz, S.M.
AU  - George, E.P.
AU  - Miura, E.
AU  - Hanada, S.
T1  - Deformation behavior of Mo5Si3 single crystal at high temperatures
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 228
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Compressive deformation behavior of D8m-type Mo5Si3 single crystals was investigated at temperatures between 1473 and 1723 K in an argon atmosphere. Four compression axes, namely [001], near-[111], near-[101] and [100] were chosen. Plasticity occurred at and above 1573 K, whereas at 1473 K the crystals failed by brittle fracture before yielding. After high-temperature yielding, all crystals except the [001] crystal exhibited a large yield drop, followed by an apparent steady state flow. Slip traces of {110} and other relatively low index planes were observed on crystal surfaces. Dislocations were characterized on (001) slip plane by TEM, and 〈110〉(001) slip was identified. Considering the constant-stress flow behavior as a steady-state creep process, it was estimated that a stress component is about 6 and an apparent activation energy of deformation is approximately 490 kJ mol−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - MOLYBDENUM compounds
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - High temperature
KW  - Intermetallic compound
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Molybdenum silicide
KW  - Single crystal
N1  - Accession Number: 7877045; Yoshimi, K. 1,2 Yoo, M.H. 1 Wereszczak, A.A. 3 Borowicz, S.M. 4 George, E.P. 1 Miura, E. 5 Hanada, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan  3: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6069, USA  4: Graduate School, Materials Engineering Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA  5: Graduate School, Department of Material Processing, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p228; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM compounds; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic compound; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum silicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leonard, Keith J.
AU  - Mishurda, Joseph C.
AU  - Vasudevan, Vijay K.
T1  - Phase equilibria at 1100 °C in the Nb–Ti–Al system
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The phase equilibria at 1100 °C has been examined as part of a larger investigation of the phase equilibria and transformations within the Nb–Ti–Al system. Fifteen alloys ranging in composition from 15 to 40 at.% Al, with Nb:Ti ratios of 1:1.5 up to 4:1, were prepared by arc-melting. The alloys were homogenized and solution treated in the β (bcc) solid solution phase field prior to heat treatment at 1100 °C, and the microstructures characterized by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The phase equilibria will be discussed along with a comparison with earlier experimental work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - Electron microprobe
KW  - Heat treatment
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Nb–Ti–Al
KW  - Phase diagram
N1  - Accession Number: 7877053; Leonard, Keith J. 1; Email Address: leonardk@ornl.gov Mishurda, Joseph C. 2 Vasudevan, Vijay K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge Associated University, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6116, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p282; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microprobe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb–Ti–Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase diagram; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - George, E.P.
AU  - Gubbi, A.N.
AU  - Baker, I.
AU  - Robertson, L.
T1  - Mechanical properties of soft magnetic FeCo alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The brittle fracture of stoichiometric FeCo has long been a puzzle given its high-symmetry B2 crystal structure, 1/2〈111〉{110} slip, low ordering temperature and relatively low strength. Macroalloying with vanadium (&ap;2%) improves ductility significantly in the disordered state, but only moderately in the ordered state. Brittle fracture is intergranular in the binary stoichiometric alloy, but is usually transgranular cleavage in the vanadium-containing alloy. Boron and carbon additions are shown not to suppress grain-boundary fracture nor improve the ductility of stoichiometric FeCo, but they produce significant ductility improvements in the ternary FeCo–2V alloy. The mechanism appears to be slip refinement by fine precipitates. It is also shown that for boron-doped (30 wppm) stoichiometric FeCo, the optimum vanadium content for good ductility is 2.1–2.5 wt.%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - COBALT alloys
KW  - Alloying
KW  - Boron doping
KW  - FeCo
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Soft magnetic material
N1  - Accession Number: 7877059; George, E.P. 1; Email Address: georgeep@ornl.gov Gubbi, A.N. 2 Baker, I. 3 Robertson, L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6093, USA  2: Implant Innovations Inc., 4555 Riverside Drive, Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33410, USA  3: Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755-8000, USA  4: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6393, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p325; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: COBALT alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: FeCo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft magnetic material; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thoma, D.J.
AU  - Nibur, K.A.
AU  - Chen, K.C.
AU  - Cooley, J.C.
AU  - Dauelsberg, L.B.
AU  - Hults, W.L.
AU  - Kotula, P.G.
T1  - The effect of alloying on the properties of (Nb,Ti)Cr2 C15 Laves phases
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 408
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The effect of composition on the ternary (NbCr2–TiCr2) C15 phase properties has been investigated, focusing upon the defect structure, elastic properties, and mechanical behavior. The C15 phase field is continuous between NbCr2–TiCr2, with a maximum phase field width of at least 7 at.% solubility. The defect mechanism is governed by anti-site constitutional defects for all alloys. Mechanically, the alloys display a maximum in hardness in the center of the ternary phase field (and a minimum of toughness). The ternary phase field has features that are characteristic of solid-solution strengthening mechanisms. Finally, the elastic properties indicate that the alloys become stiffer in the middle of the ternary phase field. The best compromise of properties occurs furthest from stoichiometry in the ternary phase field at the nominal composition of Nb19Ti19Cr62. The relationships between the defect structure, elastic properties, and mechanical response for the C15 phases are discussed using a combination of atomic size arguments and electronic structure analyses. From these relationships, alloy design strategies for NbCr2-based alloys are evaluated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TERNARY alloys
KW  - NIOBIUM compounds
KW  - LAVES phases (Metallurgy)
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - Alloy design
KW  - Defects
KW  - Elastic properties
KW  - Laves phases
KW  - NbCr2
KW  - Stoichiometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7877072; Thoma, D.J. 1 Nibur, K.A. 2 Chen, K.C. 2 Cooley, J.C. 1 Dauelsberg, L.B. 1 Hults, W.L. 1 Kotula, P.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: California Polytechnic State University, Materials Engineering Department, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM, 87185-1405, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p408; Subject Term: TERNARY alloys; Subject Term: NIOBIUM compounds; Subject Term: LAVES phases (Metallurgy); Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloy design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laves phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: NbCr2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stoichiometry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Wright, J.L.
AU  - Deevi, S.C.
T1  - Microstructures and properties of a hot-extruded TiAl containing no Cr
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 416
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Microstructures and tensile properties of the TiAl alloy CTI-8, with the composition of Ti–47Al–(2–4)Nb–(0.5–1.0)W–(0.08–0.18)B (at.%) were studied by hot extrusion at various temperatures below and above Tα (=1315 °C). Both extrusion temperature and boron concentration are important in controlling lamellar structures in the alloy. Uniform grain structures were formed in the alloy with >0.1% B, whereas abnormal grain growth was observed in the alloy containing less B and hot extruded at temperatures above 1350 °C. Electron microprobe studies revealed a non-uniform distribution of W and Nb in the extruded alloy, presumably due to the initiation of phase transformations involving the redistribution of these alloying elements in the α and γ phases during cooling from the extrusion temperatures. Tensile properties at room and elevated temperatures are sensitive to microstructure and boron addition. The post-extrusion heat treatment at 1315 °C moderately lowers the yield strength but substantially increases the tensile ductility of CTI-8. Grain size is the key parameter in controlling the room-temperature ductility of TiAl alloys with and without Cr additions. Boron does not affect the yield strength but lowers the ductility of CTI-8 containing >0.10% B. In comparison, hot-extruded CTI-8 is substantially stronger and much more ductile than other advanced TiAl alloys with lamellar and duplex structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Hot-extruded TiAl
KW  - Microstructures
KW  - No Cr
KW  - Properties
N1  - Accession Number: 7877073; Liu, C.T. 1; Email Address: liuct@ornl.gov Wright, J.L. 1 Deevi, S.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated, 4201 Commerce Road, Richmond, VA 23234, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p416; Subject Term: TITANIUM alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-extruded TiAl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: No Cr; Author-Supplied Keyword: Properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leonard, Keith J.
AU  - Vasudevan, Vijay K.
T1  - Site occupancy preferences in the B2 ordered phase in Nb–rich Nb–Ti–Al alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The β-(Nb, Ti) solid solution phase in the Nb–Ti–Al system has recently been observed to extend to Al concentrations as high as 40 at.%. Five alloys with compositions (in at.%) of Nb–xTi–15Al, where x=17, 28.3 and 34, Nb–25Ti–25Al and Nb–24Ti–40Al were investigated. The β-transus temperatures, lattice parameters and β → B2 (βo) ordering temperatures are reported. Site occupancy preferences of the B2 lattice as a function of alloy composition were examined through the atom location by channeling enhanced microanalysis (ALCHEMI) technique with results presented as ordering tie lines. Ti substitution for Nb on Nb sublattice sites was observed in all of the alloys, with the strength of partitioning between Ti and Al atoms being dependent on alloy composition. A correlation between the partitioning behaviors of the atomic species and the Nb:Ti ratio of the alloy compositions was observed, along with changes in the lattice parameters and microhardness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - ALCHEMI
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Nb–Ti–Al
KW  - Order/disorder transformations
KW  - Site occupancy
N1  - Accession Number: 7877080; Leonard, Keith J. 1; Email Address: leonardk@ornl.gov Vasudevan, Vijay K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge Associated University, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6116, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p461; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: ALCHEMI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb–Ti–Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Order/disorder transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site occupancy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alman, D.E.
AU  - Tylczak, J.H.
AU  - Hawk, J.A.
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
T1  - An assessment of the erosion resistance of iron-aluminide cermets at room and elevated temperatures
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 602
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The resistance of FeAl–40 volume percent (v/o)TiB2, FeAl–80v/oTiC and FeAl–80v/oWC cermets to solid particle erosion was evaluated at 25, 180, 500 and 700 °C and compared to the erosion behavior of WC–6 weight percent (w/o)Co (Co–90v/oWC) cemented carbides at the same temperatures. The relative ranking of the FeAl-cermets to erosion was from the most erosion resistant: FeAl–WC>FeAl–TiB2>FeAl–TiC to the least erosion resistant. Erosion resistance was related to both cermet microstructure and material removal mechanisms. Even though the WC–Co contained a higher volume fraction of the hard phase, the erosion rates of the FeAl-cermets were roughly of the same magnitude to those of the WC–Co, particularly at the highest test temperature. The erosion rates of the FeAl-cermets were constant (FeAl–TiB2) or decreased (FeAl–WC, FeAl–TiC) with increasing test temperature; whereas, the erosion rates of the WC–Co increased with increasing test temperature. This behavior was related to the oxidation resistance Co binder as the test temperature was increased. Subsequent impact by the erodent particles easily removed the oxidized material, leading to an increase of about 300% in erosion rate of WC–Co at 700 °C compared to room temperature. The FeAl binder in the FeAl-cermets did not oxidize nearly as much at the elevated temperatures, hence, the erosion rates of these cermets stayed constant or decreased. The results of this study indicate, that once the microstructure (e.g. volume fraction, particle size, particle size distribution, etc., of the hard phase) of the FeAl-cermets is optimized for erosion resistance these materials might make promising candidates for elevated temperature application where erosion is an operative wear mechanisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - CERAMIC metals
KW  - Erosion resistance
KW  - Iron-aluminide cermets
KW  - Oxidation resistance
KW  - WC–Co
N1  - Accession Number: 7877101; Alman, D.E. 1; Email Address: alman@alrc.doe.gov Tylczak, J.H. 1 Hawk, J.A. 1 Schneibel, J.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Energy, Albany Research Center, Office of Fossil Energy, 1450 Queen Ave. S.W., Albany, OR 97321-2198, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p602; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: CERAMIC metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron-aluminide cermets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: WC–Co; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abraham, Daniel P.
AU  - Dietz, N.
T1  - Role of laves intermetallics in nuclear waste disposal1<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>This paper has been created by the University of Chicago as Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (“Argonne”) under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 with the US Department of Energy.</fn>
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 610
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Laves intermetallics (AB2 compounds) play an important role in the disposal of metallic waste resulting from the electrometallurgical treatment of spent nuclear fuel. These ZrFe2-type intermetallics incorporate and immobilize highly radioactive and long-lived constituents that are present in waste forms based on the stainless steel–zirconium (SS–Zr) alloys. This paper reviews the metallurgy of SS–Zr alloys with emphasis on Laves intermetallic behavior. Microscopy and diffraction studies have shown that all actinide elements and most fission product elements are present only in the ZrFe2-type intermetallics of a stainless steel–15 wt.% zirconium (SS–15Zr) waste form, whereas only molybdenum is incorporated in the ZrFe2-type intermetallics of a zirconium–8 wt.% stainless steel (Zr–8SS) alloy. Because of the importance of material durability to waste disposal, recent experiments have been aimed at determining the corrosion behavior of these intermetallics. Results from transmission electron microscopy of corrosion layers observed on the ZrFe2-type compounds are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Intermetallics
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Polytypes
KW  - Stainless steel
KW  - Zirconium
N1  - Accession Number: 7877102; Abraham, Daniel P.; Email Address: abraham@cmt.anl.gov Dietz, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p610; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polytypes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zirconium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsiung, L.M.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Choi, B.W.
AU  - Wadsworth, J.
T1  - Interfacial dislocations and deformation twinning in fully lamellar TiAl
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Deformation twinning, which takes place abnormally within lamellar TiAl subjected to creep deformation at strain rates as low as 10−7 s−1, has been found to be intimately related to the motion, pileup and dissociation of interfacial (Shockley partial) dislocations. Since the interfacial (Shockley partial) dislocations are energetically unfavorable to undergo cross-slip or climb, under normal conditions, they can only move conservatively along interfaces. Consequently, the pileup configuration once generated cannot be easily dissipated and thus remains in place even at elevated temperatures. The dislocation pileup eventually leads to the emission of deformation twins from the interfaces into γ lamellae when a local stress concentration due to the dislocation pileup becomes sufficiently large. Deformation twinning of {111}〈11<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>〉 and {11<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>}〈111〉 types (both generate Σ3 twin boundaries) has been observed. Both types of twinning can be rationalized by dislocation mechanisms involving the core dissociation of interfacial dislocations: 1/6[<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl></f>2<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl></f>](111)→1/6[011](100)+1/6[<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl></f>1<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>]<f><fen><cp type="lpar" STYLE="S"><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl><cp type="rpar" STYLE="S"></fen>11</f> and 1/6[1<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>1](111)→1/2[0<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl></f>0](001)+1/6[111](11<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>), and the emission of 1/6〈<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl></f>1<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>〉 and 1/6〈111〉 twinning dislocations into γ lamellae to form the (<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl></f>11)[<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl></f>1<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>]- and (11<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>)[111]-type twins, respectively. The critical shear stress for the {111}〈11<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl></f>〉-type twinning is evaluated using the Peach–Koehler formula based upon the pileup configuration of interfacial dislocations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - TITANIUM alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - Creep deformation
KW  - Deformation twinning
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Lamellar TiAl
N1  - Accession Number: 7877106; Hsiung, L.M. 1; Email Address: hsiung1@llnl.gov Nieh, T.G. 1 Choi, B.W. 1 Wadsworth, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, L-353, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551 9900, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Deputy Director for Science and Technology, L-001, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p637; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: TITANIUM alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation twinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lamellar TiAl; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, Y.H.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Lu, Y.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Heatherly, L.
AU  - George, E.P.
T1  - Effects of processing on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of binary Cr–Ta alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 696
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The microhardness, and tensile and fracture-toughness properties of drop-cast and directionally-solidified Cr-9.25 at.% (atomic percent) Ta alloys have been investigated. Directional solidification was found to soften the alloy, which could be related to the development of equilibrium and aligned microstructures. It was observed that the tensile properties of the Cr–Ta alloys at room and elevated temperatures could be improved by obtaining aligned microstructures. The directionally-solidified alloy also showed increased fracture toughness at room temperature. This trend is mainly associated with crack deflection and the formation of shear ribs in the samples with aligned microstructures. The sample with better-aligned lamellae exhibits greater fracture toughness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROHARDNESS
KW  - TANTALUM alloys
KW  - Fracture-toughness
KW  - Microhardness
KW  - Tensile
N1  - Accession Number: 7877116; He, Y.H. 1 Liaw, P.K. 1; Email Address: liaw@utkux1.utk.edu Lu, Y. 1 Liu, C.T. 2 Heatherly, L. 2 George, E.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering Department, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p696; Subject Term: MICROHARDNESS; Subject Term: TANTALUM alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture-toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microhardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baker, I.
AU  - Wu, D.
AU  - Kruijver, S.O.
AU  - George, E.P.
T1  - The effects of environment on the room-temperature mechanical behavior of single-slip oriented FeAl single crystals
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 729
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The effects of environment on fracture strain and yield strength have been studied in single-slip-oriented, iron-rich FeAl single crystals. During tensile tests, large fracture strains (>40%) ensue when tests are conducted in oxygen. In contrast, in air, elongations are <10%, whereas in vacuum typical elongations are ∼20–30%. Cathodic hydrogen charging has little effect on the ductility of crystals tested in air. Interestingly, intermittent straining in air produced more ductility than continuous straining. Tests performed in air on Fe–40Al showed lower yield strengths than tests performed in vacuum, and in interrupted tests in which straining was performed alternately in either air and vacuum, higher flow stresses were observed under vacuum than in air. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - METALS -- Hydrogen embrittlement
KW  - Ductility
KW  - FeAl
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Hydrogen embrittlement
KW  - Yield strength
N1  - Accession Number: 7877122; Baker, I. 1; Email Address: ian.baker@dartmouth.edu Wu, D. 1 Kruijver, S.O. 2 George, E.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences Department, Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 8000 Cummings Hall, Hanover, NH 03755, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 03781-6093, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p729; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: METALS -- Hydrogen embrittlement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductility; Author-Supplied Keyword: FeAl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen embrittlement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield strength; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sketchley, P.D.
AU  - Threadgill, P.L.
AU  - Wright, I.G.
T1  - Rotary friction welding of an Fe3Al based ODS alloy
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 329-331
M3  - Article
SP  - 756
SN  - 09215093
AB  - An Fe3Al based oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy is under consideration for possible use as tubes in advanced heat exchangers, and it is necessary to investigate methods of joining the alloy to itself, and to Haynes 230 alloy. Previous experience on iron aluminides has shown them to be weldable by several processes, but it is known that fusion processes invariably lead to a loss of the Y2O3 oxide dispersion which is an essential feature of ODS alloys. Therefore, solid state processes offer a potential advantage, and in this work continuous drive rotary friction welding has been investigated as a method to join the Fe3Al ODS alloy in both the recrystallized and unrecrystallized condition. Trials were also undertaken to join both recrystallised and unrecrystallized material to Haynes 230 alloy. All welds were made in 15-mm diameter material, using a conventional continuous drive rotary friction welding machine. Welds were evaluated initially using tensile tests, and detailed metallographic observations of the grain size, and the nature of the solid state interface between the materials. It was found possible to make high quality welds containing no flaws for a variety of welding conditions. The microstructural condition of the Fe3Al ODS alloy had no apparent influence on weldability, and no difficulty was encountered in making the dissimilar metal joints. The results obtained are discussed in terms of the microstructures obtained, and are compared with other studies on joining iron aluminides and ODS alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - HEAT exchangers
KW  - Advanced heat exchangers
KW  - Fe3Al
KW  - Friction welding
KW  - Iron aluminides
KW  - ODS alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 7877126; Sketchley, P.D. 1 Threadgill, P.L. 1; Email Address: philip.threadgill@twi.co.uk Wright, I.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: TWI, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB1 6AL, UK  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 329-331, p756; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: HEAT exchangers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced heat exchangers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe3Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction welding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron aluminides; Author-Supplied Keyword: ODS alloys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonhomme, François
AU  - Thoma, Steven G.
AU  - Nenoff, Tina M.
T1  - Two ammonium templated gallophosphates: synthesis and structure determination from powder diffraction data of 2D and 3D-GAPON
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 13871811
AB  - Two new ammonium templated gallophosphates have been synthesized solvothermally using mixtures of ethylene glycol and water as solvent. The structure of both phases was determined from X-ray powder diffraction data. <f>[Ga(PO4)(OH)]−·[NH4]+</f> (2D-GAPON) crystallizes in monoclinic symmetry, space-group P2<f>1/m</f> with cell parameters <f>a=8.564</f>(1) A˚, <f>b=6.0387</f>(8) A˚, <f>c=4.4883</f>(6) A˚, <f>β=98.05</f>(1)<f>°</f> and <f>V=229.84</f>(3) A˚<f>3</f>. Its two-dimensional structure consists of infinite anionic layers separated by ammonium cations. <f>[Ga2(PO4)3]3−·3[NH4]+</f> (3D-GAPON) has monoclinic symmetry, space-group C2<f>/c</f>, with unit cell dimensions <f>a=13.462</f>(2) A˚, <f>b=10.301</f>(1) A˚, <f>c=8.992</f>(1) A˚, <f>β=111.28</f>(1)<f>°</f> and <f>V=1161.9</f>(6) A˚<f>3</f>. Its three-dimensional structure contains constricted elliptical channels running along the c axis, which host the ammonium ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEX compounds -- Synthesis
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Ammonium templated gallophosphates
KW  - Powder diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7798348; Bonhomme, François 1 Thoma, Steven G. 1 Nenoff, Tina M.; Email Address: tmnenof@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Monitoring and Characterization, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0755, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0755, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 53 Issue 1-3, p87; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds -- Synthesis; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ammonium templated gallophosphates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder diffraction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeonbae Kim
AU  - Ernst Worrell
T1  - CO2 Emission Trends in the Cement Industry: An International Comparison.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
EP  - 133
SN  - 13812386
AB  - We present an in-depth decomposition analysis using physical indicators of trends in Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the cement industry in Brazil, China, South Korea and the United States. Physical indicators allow a detailed analysis of intra-sectoral trends, in contrast to the often used monetary indicators. We assess the contribution of different factors affecting CO2 emissions in the cement industry, including change in product mix, efficiency of power generation, changes in fuel mix and changes in energy efficiency. The decomposition results show that in all examined countries, increased production was the main contributor to the increase in total CO2 emissions. Energy-efficiency improvement is the most important factor that led to the reduction of emission intensities for all countries except Korea. For Korea, structural change in the product mix is the most important factor contributing to the emission intensity reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Decomposition (Chemistry)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Cement industries
N1  - Accession Number: 20391697; Yeonbae Kim 1; Ernst Worrell 2; Affiliations: 1: Economic Analysis Team, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, 161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-350, Korea Republic; 2: Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p115; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Decomposition (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject Term: Cement industries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ratnayeke, Shyamala
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A
AU  - Pelton, Michael R
T1  - Genetic relatedness and female spatial organization in a solitary carnivore, the raccoon, Procyon lotor.
JO  - Molecular Ecology
JF  - Molecular Ecology
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1115
EP  - 1124
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09621083
AB  - Abstract Among mammals, some of the most common types of cohesive social groupings originate from natal philopatry through the extended mother family. This retention of females within social groups (i.e. the nonrandom dispersion of female relatives in space) should affect population genetic structure. We examined the relationship between genetic relatedness and female spatial organization in a wild population of the North-American raccoon, Procyon lotor , a solitary carnivore in east Tennessee. Multilocus genetic band-sharing data and 3½ years of radiotelemetry observations were used to study the spatial and genetic relationships among 38 adult females. DNA amplification employing primers of arbitrary sequence (random amplified polymorphic DNA; RAPD) indicated that female philopatry in raccoons led to a greater likelihood of neighbours being more related than expected by chance. Genetic distance based on RAPD band frequency was positively correlated with spatial distance among females (P = 0.0001) and genetic similarity was positively correlated with the extent of home-range overlap (P = 0.0028). Philopatry seemed biased towards females; average female–female similarities were greater than average male–male similarities (P = 0.0001), or average male–female similarities (P = 0.0001). High home-range overlap among some females with low or moderate levels of band sharing indicated that maternal inheritance of space was not a prerequisite for establishing or sharing home ranges. Female philopatry was the most probable explanation for the nonrandom spatial and genetic association of raccoons in east Tennessee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RACCOON
KW  - ECOLOGICAL genetics
KW  - female dispersion
KW  - geographical space
KW  - philopatry
KW  - RAPD
N1  - Accession Number: 6837743; Ratnayeke, Shyamala 1 Tuskan, Gerald A 2 Pelton, Michael R 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA,  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1059, MS 6422, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA,  3: Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, PO Box 1071, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37901, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p1115; Subject Term: RACCOON; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: female dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographical space; Author-Supplied Keyword: philopatry; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAPD; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01505.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deeks, Steven G.
AU  - Wagner, Bridget
AU  - Anton, Peter A.
AU  - Mitsuyasu, Ronald T.
AU  - Scadden, David T.
AU  - Huang, Christine
AU  - Macken, Catherine
AU  - Richman, Douglas D.
AU  - Christopherson, Cindy
AU  - June, Carl H.
AU  - Lazar, Richard
AU  - Broad, David F.
AU  - Jalali, Sayeh
AU  - Hege, Kristen M.
T1  - A Phase II Randomized Study of HIV-Specific T-Cell Gene Therapy in Subjects with Undetectable Plasma Viremia on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy
JO  - Molecular Therapy
JF  - Molecular Therapy
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 788
SN  - 15250016
AB  - Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can suppress HIV replication to undetectable levels in plasma, but it is unlikely to eradicate cellular reservoirs of virus. Immunotherapies that are cytolytic may be useful adjuncts to drug therapies that target HIV replication. We have generated HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells bearing a chimeric T-cell receptor (CD4ζ) composed of the extracellular and transmembrane domain of human CD4 (which binds HIVgp120) linked to the intracellular-ζ signaling chain of the CD3 T-cell receptor. CD4ζ-modified T cells can inhibit viral replication, kill HIV-infected cells in vitro, and survive for prolonged periods in vivo. We report the results of a phase II randomized trial of CD4ζ gene–modified versus unmodified T cells in 40 HIV-infected subjects on HAART with plasma viral loads <50 copies/ml. Serial analyses of residual blood and tissue HIV reservoirs were done for 6 months postinfusion. No significant between-group differences were noted in viral reservoirs following therapy. However, infusion of gene-modified, but not unmodified, T cells was associated with a decrease from baseline in HIV burden in two of four reservoir assays and a trend toward fewer patients with recurrent viremia. Both groups experienced a treatment-related increase in CD4+ T-cell counts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Therapy is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RETROVIRUS diseases
KW  - GENE therapy
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - highly active antiretroviral therapy
N1  - Accession Number: 8504480; Deeks, Steven G. 1 Wagner, Bridget 2 Anton, Peter A. 3 Mitsuyasu, Ronald T. 3 Scadden, David T. 4 Huang, Christine 5 Macken, Catherine 6 Richman, Douglas D. 7 Christopherson, Cindy 8 June, Carl H. 9 Lazar, Richard 10 Broad, David F. 10 Jalali, Sayeh 10 Hege, Kristen M. 10; Affiliation:  1: San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, Bldg 80, Ward 84, 995 Potrero Ave. San Francisco, California, 94110, USA  2: ViRx Inc. 1375 Sutter St., Ste. 407, San Francisco, California, 94109, USA  3: University of California Los Angeles Center for Health Sciences, MRL 2734, 675 Charles E. Young Dr. S. Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA  4: Massachusetts General Hospital, CNY 7214, 13th St., Bldg. 149, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, USA  5: Advanced Research Associates, 1300 Gilmore St. Mountain View, California, 94940, USA  6: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA  7: San Diego Veterans Administration Health Care System, California, USA  8: Roche Molecular Systems, 1145 Atlantic Ave. Alameda, California, 94501, USA  9: Abramson Institute, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA  10: Cell Genesys, Inc. 342 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California, 94404, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 5 Issue 6, p788; Subject Term: RETROVIRUS diseases; Subject Term: GENE therapy; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: BLOOD plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: highly active antiretroviral therapy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/mthe.2002.0611
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kado, Marumi
T1  - The search for the Higgs boson in the four-jet channel at LEP
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 109
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The four-jet channel played an important role in the search for the Higgs boson at LEP during its second phase at centre-of-mass energies above the WW threshold, from 1996 until 2000. In an outstanding last year of running, LEP delivered a substantial integrated luminosity above 206 GeV, and first hints of a Higgs boson with mass 115 GeV/c2 might have been observed. Unfortunately this search could not reach a definite conclusion. A review of the salient features of the analysis in the four-jet channel and the robustness of the exciting results found in this topology in 2000 is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 7826906; Kado, Marumi 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 109 Issue 2/3, p118; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritsyna, V. T.
AU  - Kazarinov, Yu. G.
AU  - Kobyakov, V. A.
AU  - Sickafus, K. E.
T1  - DEFECTS AND RADIATION INDUCED ELECTRONIC PROCESSES IN MAGNESIUM ALUMINATE SPINEL OF DIFFERENT COMPOSITIONS.
JO  - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids
JF  - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 157
IS  - 6-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 659
EP  - 663
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
AB  - The time dependence of the formation and decay of irradiation-induced optical absorption centers in magnesium aluminate spinel single crystals of different compositions (MgOċ1.0Al 2 O 3 and MgOċ2.5Al 2 O 3 ) was investigated. The kinetics of accumulation of X-ray irradiation-induced absorption bands is consistent with the mechanism of trap filling with free charge carriers through the conduction band. The model includes Coulomb blocking effects on spatially correlated defects. The observed two-stage decay of absorption bands after termination of X-ray irradiation is explained by electron hole recombination between centers of two different distances and/or different potential barriers. UV-irradiation confirms the existence of charge exchange between complex spatially correlated defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Defects
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Magnesium aluminate spinel
N1  - Accession Number: 11550445; Gritsyna, V. T. 1; Email Address: gritsyna@pht.univer.kharkov.ua Kazarinov, Yu. G. 1 Kobyakov, V. A. 1 Sickafus, K. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv 61077, Ukraine  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 157 Issue 6-12, p659; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium aluminate spinel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/1042015021000052421
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, D. Y.
AU  - Inokuti, Mitio
AU  - Karstens, W.
T1  - CAUCHY'S DISPERSION EQUATION RECONSIDERED: DISPERSION IN SILICATE GLASSES.
JO  - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids
JF  - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 157
IS  - 6-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 823
EP  - 828
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
AB  - We formulate a novel method of characterizing optically transparent substances using dispersion theory. The refractive index is given by a generalized Cauchy dispersion equation with coefficients that are moments of the uv and ir absorptions. Mean dispersion, Abbé number, and partial dispersion are combinations of these moments. The empirical relation between index and dispersion for families of glasses appears as a consequence of Beer's law applied to the uv spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - REFRACTIVE index
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Abbé number
KW  - Dispersion formulas
KW  - Optical glass
KW  - Optical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 11550448; Smith, D. Y. 1,2; Email Address: dysmith@uvm.edu Inokuti, Mitio 2 Karstens, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Vermont, 05405, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: St. Michael's College, Colchester, VT 05439, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 157 Issue 6-12, p823; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: REFRACTIVE index; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abbé number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersion formulas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/1042015021000052674
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Lepper, Kenneth
T1  - A question of protocol
JO  - Radiation Measurements
JF  - Radiation Measurements
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 169
SN  - 13504487
N1  - Accession Number: 7799077; Lepper, Kenneth 1; Email Address: lepper@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Luminescence Geochronology Lab, Environmental Dynamics Group, Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-10, MS J495 (LA-UR-01-5774) Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p169; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McConnell, R.D.
T1  - Assessment of the dye-sensitized solar cell
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 13640321
AB  - The field of solar electricity, or photovoltaics (PV), is rich in that there are many materials and concepts for converting sunlight into electricity. The technologies accepted as conventional are those well along in the process of commercialization. The dye-sensitized solar cell, developed in the 1990s, is a nonconventional solar electric technology that has attracted much attention, perhaps a result of its record cell efficiency above 10%. This paper reviews the technology, discusses new research results and approaches presented at a recent symposium of many of the world''s important dye solar cell researchers, and presents an assessment of the dye-sensitized solar cell in a comparison with current conventional solar electric technologies. It concludes the dye solar cell has potential for becoming a cost-effective means for producing electricity, capable of competing with available solar electric technologies and, eventually, with today''s conventional power technologies. But it is a relatively new technology and faces many hurdles on the path to commercialization. Because of its potential, this assessment recommends further funding for research and development (R&D) of the dye-sensitized solar cell technology on the basis of the promising technical characteristics of the technology, a strong US and worldwide research base, positive industry interest, and today''s relatively small funding allocation for its R&D. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - SOLAR cells
N1  - Accession Number: 7828106; McConnell, R.D. 1; Email Address: robert_mcconnell@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Basic Sciences, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, M/S 3211, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p271; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J.C.
AU  - Davis, F.J.
T1  - Illustration of Sampling-Based Methods for Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 591
EP  - 622
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - A sequence of linear, monotonic, and nonmonotonic test problems is used to illustrate sampling-based uncertainty and sensitivity analysis procedures. Uncertainty results obtained with replicated random and Latin hypercube samples are compared, with the Latin hypercube samples tending to produce more stable results than the random samples. Sensitivity results obtained with the following procedures and/or measures are illustrated and compared: correlation coefficients (CCs), rank correlation coefficients (RCCs), common means (CMNs), common locations (CLs), common medians (CMDs), statistical independence (SI), standardized regression coefficients (SRCs), partial correlation coefficients (PCCs), standardized rank regression coefficients (SRRCs), partial rank correlation coefficients (PRCCs), stepwise regression analysis with raw and rank-transformed data, and examination of scatter plots. The effectiveness of a given procedure and/or measure depends on the characteristics of the individual test problems, with (1) linear measures (i.e., CCs, PCCs, SRCs) performing well on the linear test problems, (2) measures based on rank transforms (i.e., RCCs, PRCCs, SRRCs) performing well on the monotonic test problems, and (3) measures predicated on searches for nonrandom patterns (i.e., CMNs, CLs, CMDs, SI) performing well on the nonmonotonic test problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Sampling (Statistics)
KW  - Correlation (Statistics)
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Chi-square
KW  - Common mean
KW  - common median
KW  - correlation coefficient
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Kruskal-Wallis
KW  - Latin hypercube sampling
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - partial correlation coefficient
KW  - random sampling
KW  - Rank transform
KW  - regression analysis
KW  - replicated sampling
KW  - scatter plot
KW  - sensitivity analysis
KW  - standardized regression coefficient
KW  - statistical independence
KW  - stepwise regression
KW  - Subjective uncertainty
KW  - uncertainty analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 6778327; Helton, J.C. 1; Davis, F.J. 2; Email Address: jchelto@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1804, USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0779, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p591; Subject Term: Uncertainty; Subject Term: Sampling (Statistics); Subject Term: Correlation (Statistics); Subject Term: Regression analysis; Subject Term: Statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chi-square; Author-Supplied Keyword: Common mean; Author-Supplied Keyword: common median; Author-Supplied Keyword: correlation coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kruskal-Wallis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latin hypercube sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: partial correlation coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: random sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rank transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: regression analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: replicated sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: scatter plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensitivity analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: standardized regression coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: statistical independence; Author-Supplied Keyword: stepwise regression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subjective uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gnanasekar, K.I.
AU  - Cathrino, Henry A.
AU  - Jiang, J.C.
AU  - Mrse, Anthony A.
AU  - Nagasubrahmanian, G.
AU  - Doughty, D.H.
AU  - Rambabu, B.
T1  - Nanocrystalline LiCo1−xNixO2 (0≤x≤0.3) for Li-ion batteries
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 148
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Nanocrystalline LiCo1−xNixO2 (0≤x≤0.3)—a promising cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries has been successfully prepared by a novel soft chemical route. Both the formation of the metal–glycine complex and subsequent decomposition of the same at low temperatures under carefully controlled oxygen flow play a critical role in the formation of nanocrystalline material. The thermal history of the as-prepared gel is established by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirm the formation of layered α-NaFeO2 structure at temperature as low as 330 °C. The exothermic combustion reaction of the organic precursors, which generates high temperature, should be avoided as it results in the spontaneous growth of large crystals. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigation reveals that the particle size of LiCo0.7Ni0.3O2 heated at 400 °C is in the range of 10–15 nm. Substitution of nickel retards the crystal growth. Solid state 6Li-Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) NMR investigation reveals that the micro-structural short range ordering of nickel ions in LiCo1−xNixO2 (0≤x≤0.3) is minimum at lower processing temperatures. 6Li-MAS NMR studies show that considerable amount of short range ordering of nickel ions is observed when the calcination temperature is raised beyond 800 °C indicating that the upper limit for processing temperature is around 750 °C. These materials were fabricated into thin electrodes using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as polymer binder and the electrochemical properties such as charge/discharge and impedance were evaluated. The electrodes cycled well with a coulombic efficiency of close to one. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - STORAGE batteries
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - 0.3)
KW  - Electron diffraction
KW  - Nanocrystalline LiCo1−xNixO2 (0&
KW  - Soft chemical route
KW  - x&
KW  - x2264
N1  - Accession Number: 7813177; Gnanasekar, K.I. 1 Cathrino, Henry A. 2 Jiang, J.C. 3 Mrse, Anthony A. 4 Nagasubrahmanian, G. 5 Doughty, D.H. 5 Rambabu, B. 1; Email Address: rambabu@grant.phys.subr.edu; Affiliation:  1: Surface Science and Solid State Ionics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA  2: Advanced Power Sources Division, U.S. Army TACOM, Warren, MI 48397, USA  3: Mechanical Engineering Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  5: Battery Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 148 Issue 3/4, p299; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: STORAGE batteries; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: 0.3); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline LiCo1−xNixO2 (0&; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft chemical route; Author-Supplied Keyword: x&; Author-Supplied Keyword: x2264; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eberman, Kevin W.
AU  - Wuensch, Bernhardt J.
AU  - Jorgensen, James D.
T1  - Order–disorder transformations induced by composition and temperature change in (SczYb1−z)2Ti2O7 pyrochlores, prospective fuel cell materials
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 148
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
SN  - 01672738
AB  - The structures and site occupancies of Sc–Yb titanate solid solutions with the A2B2O7 pyrochlore structure type were determined by Rietveld analysis of powder-diffraction profiles obtained from a pulsed neutron source. The results are the first in situ studies of order–disorder transformations in pyrochlore that are induced by temperature increase (25<T<1500 °C) and the first examination of the structural changes caused by substitution of a smaller cation in the eight-coordinated A3+ site. Solid solution was found to extend to z<0.4. Decreases in the average value of the ionic radius RA and increase in the temperature (20<T<1500 °C) were found to cause mixing of the occupancy of the cation sites (anti-site defects) and partial occupancy of the normally vacant oxygen site (anion Frenkel defects). This behavior is analogous to the disorder previously shown to result from temperature increase or substitution of larger cations in the six-coordinated B site, which, as in the present compositions, serve to reduce the difference between the average value of RA and RB. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - Anion and cation disorder
KW  - Fuel cell materials
KW  - Neutron Rietveld analysis
KW  - Oxygen fast-ion conductors
KW  - Pyrochlore A-site solid solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 7813209; Eberman, Kevin W. 1 Wuensch, Bernhardt J. 2 Jorgensen, James D. 3; Affiliation:  1: 3M Center, St. Paul, MN, 55144-1000, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 148 Issue 3/4, p521; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anion and cation disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron Rietveld analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen fast-ion conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrochlore A-site solid solutions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harrison, William T.A.
AU  - Rodgers, Jennifer A.
AU  - Phillips, Mark L.F.
AU  - Nenoff, Tina M.
T1  - In situ template generation for zincophosphate synthesis leading to guanylurea zinc phosphate, C2H7N4O<f>·</f>ZnPO4, containing template-to-template N&z.sbnd;H⋯O hydrogen bonds
JO  - Solid State Sciences
JF  - Solid State Sciences
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 969
SN  - 12932558
AB  - The synthesis and structure of C2H7N4O<f>·</f>ZnPO4 (guanylurea zinc phosphate) are reported. The cationic [C2H7N4O]<f>+</f> template was prepared in situ by the slow hydrolysis of the neutral 2-cyanoguanidine starting material. The resulting structure contains an unusual, unprotonated, zincophosphate layer topology as well as N&z.sbnd;H⋯O template-to-template hydrogen bonds which help to stabilize a “double sandwich” of templating cations between the inorganic sheets. Crystal data: C2H7N4O<f>·</f>ZnPO4, <f>Mr=263.48</f>, monoclinic, <f>P21/c, a=13.6453(9)</f>, <f>b=5.0716(3)</f>, <f>c=10.6005(7)</f> A˚, <f>β=95.918(2)</f>°, <f>Z=4</f>, <f>V=729.7(1)</f> A˚3, <f>R(F)=0.034</f>, <f>wR(F)=0.034</f>. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CATIONS
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 7837043; Harrison, William T.A. 1; Email Address: w.harrison@abdn.ac.uk Rodgers, Jennifer A. 1 Phillips, Mark L.F. 2 Nenoff, Tina M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, Aberdeen, UK  2: 27468 Hayward Boulevard, Hayward, CA 94542, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Environmental Monitoring and Characterization, PO Box 5800, MS 0755, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0755, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 4 Issue 7, p969; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Monier, C.
AU  - Chang, P.C.
AU  - Briggs, R.D.
AU  - Armendariz, M.G.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
T1  - Orientation and dielectric overlayer effects in InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 46
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Emitter orientation effects in AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) in which DC current gain was greater for the [0 1 1] emitter orientation compared to the [0 1 <f>1¯</f>] orientation were previously attributed to the piezoelectric effect, however no effects of dielectric overlayers were examined. In this work, we establish that for InGaP/GaAs HBTs, dielectric passivation effects can be as important as the piezoelectric effect. Non-self-aligned InGaP/GaAs HBTs with ECR SiON dielectric deposited at 25 <f>°</f>C exhibited greater stress and showed less current gain difference and lower base current ideality factors for these orientations than identical HBTs that were passivated with plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) SiN dielectric. Non-self-aligned HBTs with ECR SiON passivation also showed slightly better rf performance for the [0 1 1] orientation with <f>ft</f> of 48 GHz compared to <f>ft</f> of 44 GHz for the [0 1 <f>1¯</f>] orientation. These differences in dielectrics are attributed to higher dielectric-induced damage in emitter–base space-charge region for the PECVD SiN film. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BIPOLAR transistors
KW  - HETEROJUNCTIONS
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - Dielectric stress
KW  - GaAs HBT
KW  - Heterojunction bipolar transistor
KW  - InGaP
KW  - Orientation
KW  - Plasma damage
N1  - Accession Number: 7772031; Baca, A.G. 1; Email Address: agbaca@sandia.gov Monier, C. 1 Chang, P.C. 1 Briggs, R.D. 1 Armendariz, M.G. 1 Pearton, S.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0603, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0603, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 46 Issue 6, p797; Subject Term: BIPOLAR transistors; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTIONS; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs HBT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterojunction bipolar transistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: InGaP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orientation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma damage; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, A.P.
AU  - Dang, G.
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Han, J.
AU  - Monier, C.
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Cao, X.A.
AU  - Cho, H.
AU  - Abernathy, C.R.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
T1  - GaN pnp bipolar junction transistors operated to 250 <f>°</f>C
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 46
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 933
SN  - 00381101
AB  - We report on the dc performance of GaN pnp bipolar junction transistors. The structure was grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition on c-plane sapphire substrates and mesas formed by low damage inductively coupled plasma etching with a Cl<f>2</f>/Ar chemistry. The dc characteristics were measured up to <f>VBC</f> of 65 V in the common base mode and at temperatures up to 250 <f>°</f>C. Under all conditions, <f>IC–IE</f>, indicating higher emitter injection efficiency. The offset voltage was <f>&les;</f>2 V and the devices were operated up to power densities of 40 kW cm<f>−2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - JUNCTION transistors
KW  - Bipolar junction transistor
KW  - Gallium nitride
KW  - High power
KW  - High temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 7772048; Zhang, A.P. 1 Dang, G. 1 Ren, F. 1; Email Address: ren@che.ufl.edu Han, J. 2 Monier, C. 3 Baca, A.G. 2 Cao, X.A. 3 Cho, H. 3 Abernathy, C.R. 3 Pearton, S.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 46 Issue 6, p933; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: JUNCTION transistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bipolar junction transistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: High power; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zivieri, R.
AU  - Vavassori, P.
AU  - Giovannini, L.
AU  - Nizzoli, F.
AU  - Fullerton, Eric E.
AU  - Grimsditch, M.
T1  - Stokes anti-Stokes peak intensity interchange across a first-order phase transition
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 507-510
M3  - Article
SP  - 502
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We discuss the interchange of the acoustical peak intensity between the Stokes and the anti-Stokes side of Brillouin light scattering spectra in an asymmetric Fe(20A˚)/Cr(20A˚)/Fe(20A˚)/Cr(9A˚)/Fe(100A˚) ferromagnetic trilayer which takes place at a critical applied magnetic field <f>H=0.4</f> kOe. This sudden interchange is due to a first-order magnetic phase transition involving the outermost Fe layer static magnetization. It is shown that this effect is a consequence of a reversal of the sense of precession of dynamic magnetization in the outermost Fe layer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - Green's function methods
KW  - Iron
KW  - Light scattering
KW  - Magnons
N1  - Accession Number: 8775838; Zivieri, R. 1; Email Address: zivieri@fe.infn.it Vavassori, P. 1 Giovannini, L. 1 Nizzoli, F. 1 Fullerton, Eric E. 2 Grimsditch, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: INFM-Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Ferrara, via Paradisco 12, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy  2: IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95120-6099, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4845, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 507-510, p502; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green's function methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnons; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deshpande, Alina
AU  - Narayanan, Padma K.
AU  - Lehnert, Bruce E.
T1  - Silica-Induced Generation of Extracellular Factor(s) Increases Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells.
JO  - Toxicological Sciences
JF  - Toxicological Sciences
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 67
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 283
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10966080
AB  - Chronic inflammation and production of DNA-damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be involved in silica-induced lung cancer. Studies to date have largely focused on silica-induced production of ROS by lung phagocytes. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that particulate silica (DQ12) can also induce elevations in intracellular ROS in a cancer-target cell type, i.e., human bronchial epithelial cells (BECs), via an indirect mechanism that involves ROS-inducing extracellular factor(s) that occur upon the interaction of silica with culture medium. The intracellular production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in BECs was assessed by flow cytometry via monitoring dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence. Culture medium containing 10% human serum was incubated with silica particles in concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 μg/ml, and following incubation for 1 h and removal of the particles, the resulting supernatants were added to BECs. Silica-treated medium induced significant increases in intracellular H2O2 after the medium had been treated with as little as 10 μg/ml of the particles. Further, the level of ROS increases in BECs in response to silica-treated medium was found to be virtually identical to that induced in cells that were directly treated with silica in suspension. Based on enzyme inhibitory studies, the mechanism for this increased generation of intracellular ROS appears to involve both mitochondrial respiration and a NAD(P)H oxidase-like system. Spectrofluorimetric experiments with the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase showed that superoxide anions (O2•−) and H2O2 are generated in silica-treated medium, but these ROS do not fully account for the induction of the intracellular ROS response. Iron, on the other hand, was found to be crucial to the process. Our collective results suggest silica-aqueous medium interactions can lead to the generation of factor(s) that induce the intracellular production of potentially DNA-damaging ROS in BECs in a manner that does not require direct particle-cell interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Epithelial cells
KW  - Silica
KW  - Lungs -- Cancer
KW  - Active oxygen
KW  - Free radicals (Chemistry)
KW  - extracellular factors
KW  - free radicals
KW  - human bronchial epithelial cells
KW  - reactive oxygen species
KW  - silica
N1  - Accession Number: 44406325; Deshpande, Alina 1; Narayanan, Padma K. 1; Lehnert, Bruce E. 1; Email Address: lehnert@telomere.lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Bioscience Division, MS M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 67 Issue 2, p275; Thesaurus Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: Inflammation; Subject Term: Epithelial cells; Subject Term: Silica; Subject Term: Lungs -- Cancer; Subject Term: Active oxygen; Subject Term: Free radicals (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: extracellular factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: free radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: human bronchial epithelial cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactive oxygen species; Author-Supplied Keyword: silica; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuhrmann, M.
AU  - Melamed, D.
AU  - Kalb, P.D.
AU  - Adams, J.W.
AU  - Milian, L.W.
T1  - Sulfur Polymer Solidification/Stabilization of elemental mercury waste1<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy.</fn>
JO  - Waste Management
JF  - Waste Management
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 0956053X
AB  - Elemental mercury, contaminated with radionuclides, presents a waste disposal problem throughout the Department of Energy complex. In this paper we describe a new process to immobilize elemental mercury wastes, including those contaminated with radionuclides, in a form that is non-dispersible, will meet EPA leaching criteria, and has low mercury vapor pressure. In this stabilization and solidification process, elemental mercury is combined with an excess of powdered sulfur polymer cement (SPC) and sulfide additives in a mixing vessel and heated to ∼ 40 °C for several hours, until all of the mercury is converted into mercuric sulfide (HgS). Additional SPC is then added and the temperature of the mixture raised to 135 °C, resulting in a molten liquid which is poured into a mold where it cools and solidifies. The final treated waste was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and found to be a mixture of the hexagonal and orthorhombic forms of mercuric sulfide. The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure was used to assess mercury releases, which for the optimized process averaged 25.8 μg/l, with some samples being well below the new EPA Universal Treatment Standard of 25 μg/l. Longer term leach tests were also conducted, indicating that the leaching process was dominated by diffusion. Values for the effective diffusion coefficient averaged 7.6×10−18 cm2/s. Concentrations of mercury vapor from treated waste in equilibrium static headspace tests averaged 0.6 mg/m3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Waste Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Hazardous wastes
N1  - Accession Number: 7761146; Fuhrmann, M.; Email Address: fuhrmann@bnl.gov; Melamed, D. 1; Kalb, P.D. 1; Adams, J.W. 1; Milian, L.W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research & Technology Division, Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p327; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Korte, N.E.
AU  - West, O.R.
AU  - Liang, L.
AU  - Gu, B.
AU  - Zutman, J.L.
AU  - Fernando, Q.
T1  - The effect of solvent concentration on the use of palladized-iron for the step-wise dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil extracts
JO  - Waste Management
JF  - Waste Management
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
SN  - 0956053X
AB  - This report describes the application of palladized iron (Pd/Fe) to the dechlorination of polychlorinted biphenyls (PCBs) at ambient temperature. Experiments supported by congener-specific analyses demonstrated that dechlorination occurs in a step-wise fashion with the meta-chlorines being more reactive than ortho-chlorines. Over the course of the laboratory experiments, complete conversion to biphenyl was observed. The process was also tested with PCBs dissolved in high (40–60%) concentrations of ethanol and isopropanol as a means of simulating solutions generated by commercial soil and solid waste extraction processes. The reaction rate was sensitive to the percentage of solvent but complete dechlorination was still indicated. Tests with soil extracts from a contaminated site demonstrated that there were no apparent interferences from asphalt and other miscellaneous debris. Short-duration tests with highly contaminated PCB solutions from a hazardous waste site demonstrated efficient dechlorination although there was a reduction in reaction rate with time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Iron
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
N1  - Accession Number: 7761148; Korte, N.E. 1; Email Address: mkorte1@msn.com; West, O.R. 2; Liang, L. 2; Gu, B. 2; Zutman, J.L. 3; Fernando, Q. 4; Affiliations: 1: 1946 Clover Court, Grand Junction, CO 81506, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 3: BWXT-AIMTech, 2597 B 3/4 Rd. Grand Junction, CO 81503, USA; 4: Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85710, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p343; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Polychlorinated biphenyls; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spane, F. A.
T1  - Considering barometric pressure in groundwater flow investigations.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 14-1
EP  - 14-18
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Water level elevation measurements in wells are commonly used as a basis to delineate groundwater flow patterns (i.e., flow direction and hydraulic gradient). Barometric pressure fluctuations, however, can have a discernible impact on well water levels. These barometric effects may lead to erroneous indications of hydraulic head within the aquifer. Total hydraulic head within the aquifer, not well water level elevation, is the hydrologic parameter for determining groundwater flow direction and hydraulic gradient conditions. For low-gradient, unconfined aquifer sites exhibiting variable vadose zone characteristics (e.g., thickness, pneumatic diffusivity), barometric pressure fluctuations can cause temporal changes in lateral flow direction and flow velocity. Discrete water level measurements used to determine the average or long-term groundwater flow conditions, therefore, may provide nonrepresentative results. Calculation of the barometric response characteristics for individual wells provides the basis to account for the temporal effects of barometric pressure fluctuations from monitor well measurements, so that average, long-term groundwater flow pattern behavior can be determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - barometric efficiency
KW  - barometric pressure
KW  - confined aquifer
KW  - groundwater flow
KW  - hydraulic head
KW  - unconfined aquifer
N1  - Accession Number: 87143659; Spane, F. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Natural Resources Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p14-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: barometric efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: barometric pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: confined aquifer; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydraulic head; Author-Supplied Keyword: unconfined aquifer; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000701
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, Lehua
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S.
T1  - Modeling transport in fractured porous media with the random-walk particle method: The transient activity range and the particle transfer probability.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 16-1
EP  - 16-7
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Multiscale features of transport processes in fractured porous media make numerical modeling a difficult task, both in conceptualization and computation. Modeling the mass transfer through the fracture-matrix interface is one of the critical issues in the simulation of transport in a fractured porous medium. Because conventional dual-continuum-based numerical methods are unable to capture the transient features of the diffusion depth into the matrix (unless they assume a passive matrix medium), such methods will overestimate the transport of tracers through the fractures, especially for the cases with large fracture spacing, resulting in artificial early breakthroughs. We have developed a new method for calculating the particle transfer probability that can capture the transient features of diffusion depth into the matrix within the framework of the dual-continuum random-walk particle method by introducing a new concept of activity range of a particle within the matrix. Unlike the multiple-continuum approach, the new dual-continuum particle tracking method does not require using additional grid blocks to represent the matrix. It does not assume a passive matrix medium and can be applied to the cases where global water flow exists in both continua. The new method has been verified against analytical solutions for transport in the fracture-matrix systems with various fracture spacing. The calculations of the breakthrough curves of radionuclides from a potential repository to the water table in Yucca Mountain demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method for simulating three-dimensional, mountain-scale transport in a heterogeneous, fractured porous medium under variably saturated conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - activity range
KW  - dual continua
KW  - fractured media
KW  - particle tracking
KW  - particle transfer probability
KW  - transport
N1  - Accession Number: 87143674; Pan, Lehua 1; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p16-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: activity range; Author-Supplied Keyword: dual continua; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured media; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle transfer probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000901
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyun, Yunjung
AU  - Neuman, Shlomo P.
AU  - Vesselinov, Velimir V.
AU  - Illman, Walter A.
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
AU  - Di Federico, Vittorio
T1  - Theoretical interpretation of a pronounced permeability scale effect in unsaturated fractured tuff.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 28-1
EP  - 28-8
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Numerous single-hole and cross-hole pneumatic injection tests have been conducted in unsaturated fractured tuff at the Apache Leap Research Site (ALRS) near Superior, Arizona. Single-hole tests have yielded values of air permeability at various locations throughout the tested rock volume on a nominal scale of ∼1 m. Cross-hole tests have yielded equivalent air permeabilities (and air-filled porosities) for a rock volume characterized by a length scale of several tens of meters. Cross-hole tests have also provided high-resolution tomographic estimates of how air permeability (and air-filled porosity), defined over grid blocks having a length scale of 1 m, vary throughout a similar rock volume. The results have revealed a highly pronounced scale effect in permeability (and porosity) at the ALRS. We examine the extent to which the permeability scale effect is amenable to interpretation by a recent stochastic scaling theory, which treats the rock as a truncated random fractal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fractals
KW  - fractured rocks
KW  - permeability
KW  - scaling
N1  - Accession Number: 87143680; Hyun, Yunjung 1; Neuman, Shlomo P. 1; Vesselinov, Velimir V. 2; Illman, Walter A. 3; Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 2; Di Federico, Vittorio 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545; 3: University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242; 4: University of Bologna; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p28-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractals; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured rocks; Author-Supplied Keyword: permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: scaling; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000658
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bertulani, C.A.
AU  - Navarra, F.S.
T1  - Two- and three-photon fusion in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/06/03/
VL  - 703
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The production of mesons in ultraperipheral collisions of relativistic heavy ions is reanalyzed using a projection technique to calculate the amplitudes for the appropriate Feynman diagrams. The virtuality of the exchanged photons is fully accounted for in this approach. In the case of two-photon fusion, it is explicitly shown that the inclusion of nuclear form factors validates the equivalent photon approximation. However, this does not apply to three-photon fusion cross sections. The cross section of <f>J/ψ</f> production in ultraperipheral collisions at RHIC and LHC are shown to be much smaller than the cross sections for the production of C-even mesons of similar masses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - FEYNMAN diagrams
N1  - Accession Number: 7800713; Bertulani, C.A. 1; Email Address: bertulani@bnl.gov Navarra, F.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Instituto de Fısica, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, 05315-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 703 Issue 3/4, p861; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: FEYNMAN diagrams; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babinski, Adam
AU  - Jasinski, J.
T1  - Post-growth thermal treatment of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/06/03/
VL  - 412
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 84
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Results of a post-growth rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on GaAs proximity-capped structures with high density (∼1011 cm−2) of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) are presented. Features due to the QDs, bi-dimensional platelets (2DP) and InAs wetting layer (WL) were identified in photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the as-grown sample. It is shown, using transmission electron microscopy, that RTA at temperature up to 700 °C (for 30 s) results in an increase of QDs lateral sizes. After RTA at 800 °C or higher temperatures, no QDs can be distinguished and substantial thickening of the WL can be seen. The main PL peak blueshifts as a result of RTA in all investigated temperature ranges, which is accompanied by a quenching of the 2DP and WL PL. It is proposed that the main PL peak, which is due to the QDs in the as-grown sample, results from optical recombination in the modified WL in the samples, after RTA at 800 °C and higher temperatures. Laterally-enhanced Ga/In interdiffusion induced by strain is proposed to explain a relatively fast dissolution of QDs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - Intermixing
KW  - Self-assembled quantum dots
KW  - Thermal treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 7838319; Babinski, Adam 1; Email Address: babinski@polycnrs-gre.fr Jasinski, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Grenoble High Magnetic Field Laboratory, MPI/FKF-CNRS, BP 166X, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 412 Issue 1/2, p84; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermixing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled quantum dots; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal treatment; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agron, Peter G.
AU  - Macht, Madison
AU  - Radnedge, Lyndsay
AU  - Skowronski, Evan W.
AU  - Miller, Webb
AU  - Andersen, Gary L.
T1  - Use of subtractive hybridization for comprehensive surveys of prokaryotic genome differences
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Letters
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Letters
Y1  - 2002/06/04/
VL  - 211
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 03781097
AB  - Comparative bacterial genomics shows that even different isolates of the same bacterial species can vary significantly in gene content. An effective means to survey differences across whole genomes would be highly advantageous for understanding this variation. Here we show that suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) provides high, representative coverage of regions that differ between similar genomes. Using Helicobacter pylori strains 26695 and J99 as a model, SSH identified approximately 95% of the unique open reading frames in each strain, showing that the approach is effective. Furthermore, combining data from parallel SSH experiments using different restriction enzymes significantly increased coverage compared to using a single enzyme. These results suggest a powerful approach for assessing genome differences among closely related strains when one member of the group has been completely sequenced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Letters is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Genomics
KW  - ORF, open reading frame
KW  - PIP, percent identity plot
KW  - SSH, suppression subtractive hybridization
N1  - Accession Number: 7827467; Agron, Peter G. 1; Macht, Madison 1; Radnedge, Lyndsay 1; Skowronski, Evan W. 1; Miller, Webb 2; Andersen, Gary L. 1; Email Address: andersen2@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-441, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 2: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 211 Issue 2, p175; Thesaurus Term: Bacteria; Subject Term: Genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORF, open reading frame; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIP, percent identity plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: SSH, suppression subtractive hybridization; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meriles, Carlos A.
AU  - Sakellariou, Dimitris
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - Resolved magic-angle spinning of anisotropic samples in inhomogeneous fields
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/06/07/
VL  - 358
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The chemical shift spectrum of a liquid embedded in a porous sample spinning at the magic angle has been recovered in the presence of static field and rf gradients. Field inhomogeneity and susceptibility broadening are averaged by a procedure that combines magic-angle turning with a train of z-rotation pulses. The experiment emulates the situation encountered in `ex situ'' NMR in which the sample is located away from the field sources. Given the equivalence of field and sample spinning, the results suggest that the use of a rotating magnetic field and refocusing pulses might enable the study of samples such as solids or fluids in porous materials external to the magnet. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - ROTATING masses of fluid
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 7830965; Meriles, Carlos A. 1 Sakellariou, Dimitris 1 Pines, Alexander; Email Address: pines@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, MC 1460, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 358 Issue 5/6, p391; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: ROTATING masses of fluid; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bartko, Andrew P.
AU  - Peyser, Lynn A.
AU  - Dickson, Robert M.
AU  - Mehta, A.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Bhargava, R.
AU  - Barnes, M.D.
T1  - Observation of dipolar emission patterns from isolated <f>Eu3+</f>:<f>Y2O3</f> doped nanocrystals: new evidence for single ion luminescence
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/06/07/
VL  - 358
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We report results of emission pattern imaging experiments from single <f>Eu3+</f>:<f>Y2O3</f> nanocrystals (3–12 nm size) designed to provide new insight on the luminescence dynamics of isolated rare-earth doped nano-phosphors. We observe dipolar emission patterns that are characteristic of single quantum emitters whose orientation appears fixed on the measurement time scale. We also show that the luminescence from single nanoparticles is linearly polarized, also characteristic of single quantum system behavior. Taken in combination with dynamical observations of blinking and discrete photobleaching, these experiments provide strong evidence for single ion luminescence, and confirm the dipolar nature of the optical transitions of <f>Eu3+</f> in inorganic crystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
N1  - Accession Number: 7830975; Bartko, Andrew P. 1 Peyser, Lynn A. 1 Dickson, Robert M. 1 Mehta, A. 2 Thundat, T. 2 Bhargava, R. 2 Barnes, M.D. 2; Email Address: barnesmd1@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA  2: Chemical and Analytical Sciences and Life Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 358 Issue 5/6, p459; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spieker, W.A.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Miller, J.T.
AU  - Kropf, A.J.
AU  - Regalbuto, J.R.
T1  - An EXAFS study of the co-ordination chemistry of hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV): 1. Speciation in aqueous solution
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2002/06/10/
VL  - 232
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - Hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV), also called chloroplatinic acid (CPA), is a strong acid that undergoes rapid and extensive hydrolysis. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) characterization was performed at the Advanced photon source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory to determine the Pt&z.sbnd;Cl and Pt&z.sbnd;O co-ordination chemistry of 200–2000 ppm CPA at pHs of 1.5–12 with different chloride concentrations, light conditions, and time frames. The EXFAS analysis was combined with potentiometric data to postulate the following speciation behavior of the dilute CPA. The initial hydrolysis reaction, aquo ligand exchange of chloride ions, is rapid and reversible, while the latter two reactions, hydroxide ion ligand exchange of chloride and aquo ligands, are relatively slow in acidic solutions but accelerated in the presence of light. Many of the stable Pt complexes in solution are zero valent. High chloride co-ordination is favored at low pH and high chloride concentration. As a result, the [PtCl6]2− species is present only in acidic solutions with a moderate excess of chloride ion or in the neutral solutions in a large excess of chloride ion. Hydroxide ligand formation is favored at low pH and suppressed by chloride ion concentration. As a result, full hydrolysis of CPA by hydroxide ions with precipitation of H2Pt(OH)6 (or Na2Pt(OH)6) is favored only at very low CPA concentrations (ca. 30 ppm). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - CHLOROPLATINIC acid
KW  - Chloroplatinic acid
KW  - H2PtCl6 hydrolysis
KW  - H2PtCl6 photochemical reactions
KW  - Hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV)
KW  - Pt EXAFS
N1  - Accession Number: 7816698; Spieker, W.A. 1 Liu, J. 1 Miller, J.T. 2 Kropf, A.J. 3 Regalbuto, J.R. 1; Email Address: jrr@uic.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, MC 110, 810 S. Clinton Steet, Chicago, IL 60607 7000, USA  2: BP Research Center, E-1F, 15l0 W. Warrenville Road, Naperville, IL 60563, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, CMT, 9700 Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 232 Issue 1/2, p219; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: CHLOROPLATINIC acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloroplatinic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: H2PtCl6 hydrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: H2PtCl6 photochemical reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV); Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt EXAFS; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doughty, Christine
AU  - Karasaki, Kenzi
T1  - Flow and transport in hierarchically fractured rock
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/06/10/
VL  - 263
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00221694
AB  - We construct multiple realizations of hierarchical fracture networks with fractal dimensions between one and two, then simulate single-well pumping tests and natural-gradient tracer tests on them. We calculate averages and standard deviations of test results over the multiple realizations, and show individual results for selected cases to highlight key features of flow and transport through hierarchically fractured rock. These studies are intended to illustrate the range of possible behavior that can be obtained during fracture-dominated hydraulic and tracer tests, and provide insights into how to interpret field responses. The fractal dimension of the fracture network itself is generally larger than the fractal dimension of the flow field arising during a well test. The performance measures of the natural-gradient tracer tests, including the total flow through the fracture network, tracer travel time, front width, and maximum breakthrough concentration, can all be correlated to fractal dimension. Although some of the features observed in the flow and transport behavior within the hierarchically fractured rock have been observed by other authors using non-fractal fracture network concepts (e.g. channelized flow with early breakthrough times, crossing breakthrough curves), others arise directly from the fractal nature of the fracture network, in which variability occurs on all scales (e.g. front width and maximum breakthrough concentration that are constant over a wide range of fractal dimensions). Generally, transport simulations show large variability within a given realization and among realizations with the same fractal dimension, even in networks whose dimension is close to two. This finding is consistent with the large variability in experimental results observed at fractured rock field sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - ROCK mechanics
KW  - FRACTALS
KW  - Breakthrough curves
KW  - Fractal geometry
KW  - Fractures
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Pumping tests
KW  - Solute transport
N1  - Accession Number: 7806939; Doughty, Christine; Email Address: cadoughty@lbl.gov Karasaki, Kenzi 1; Email Address: kkarasaki@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 263 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: HYDROGEOLOGY; Subject Term: ROCK mechanics; Subject Term: FRACTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breakthrough curves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractal geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogeology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pumping tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solute transport; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrovic, C.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Anisotropic properties of rare-earth dibismites
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/06/10/
VL  - 247
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We report measurements of magnetic, thermal and transport properties of single crystals of rare-earth dibismites RBi2 (R=La–Nd, Sm), grown via self-flux method. All compounds are good metals, and those with magnetic ions order antiferromagnetically at low temperatures. Ce, Pr and Sm members of the series show single magnetic transition whereas NdBi2 most likely exhibits two magnetic transitions. Significant magnetic anisotropy and a series of metamagnetic transitions in fields up to 55 kG are found in PrBi2. Ordering temperatures range from 3 K to just above 16 K and they scale well with the de Gennes factor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Crystal growth
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Magnetic anisotropy
KW  - Rare-earth dibismites
N1  - Accession Number: 8775982; Petrovic, C.; Email Address: petrovic@ameslab.gov Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 247 Issue 3, p270; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare-earth dibismites; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kittel, M.
AU  - Terborg, R.
AU  - Polcik, M.
AU  - Bradshaw, A.M.
AU  - Toomes, R.L.
AU  - Woodruff, D.P.
AU  - Rotenberg, E.
T1  - The structure of the Pd(1 1 0)(<f>2×1</f>)-CO surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/10/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The structure of the Pd(1 1 0)(<f>2×1</f>)-CO ordered adsorption phase has been determined by scanned-energy mode photoelectron diffraction. The CO molecules are adsorbed close to short-bridge sites with alternating tilts along the close-packed <f>〈1 1 0〉</f> surface rows. This local geometry is consistent with that found in previous theoretical total energy calculations and an earlier X-ray photoelectron diffraction study, but is in direct contradiction to the results of an earlier quantitative low energy electron diffraction investigation. While the best-fit model structure involves some twist of the CO molecules out of the <f>〈1 0 0〉</f> mirror planes of the surface creating a surface phase of p1g1 symmetry, the more symmetric p2mg falls within the estimated limits of precision of the analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - and topography
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - morphology
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Photoelectron diffraction
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 8775928; Kittel, M. 1 Terborg, R. 1 Polcik, M. 1 Bradshaw, A.M. 1 Toomes, R.L. 2 Woodruff, D.P. 1,2; Email Address: d.p.woodruff@warwick.ac.uk Rotenberg, E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fritz–Haber-Institut der MPG, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany  2: Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 511 Issue 1-3, p34; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitsui, T.
AU  - Rose, M.K.
AU  - Fomin, E.
AU  - Ogletree, D.F.
AU  - Salmeron, M.
T1  - Coadsorption and interactions of O and H on Pd(<f>1 1 1</f>)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/10/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The interactions between oxygen and hydrogen coadsorbed on Pd(1 1 1) have been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in the temperature range from 25 to 230 K. Atomic oxygen without coadsorbed hydrogen forms a (<f>2×2</f>) structure in a continuous layer or in the form of islands. Individual oxygen atoms are also observed between the islands at low temperature. Coadsorbed hydrogen modifies the STM image contrast and enhances the diffusion of the isolated oxygen atoms. Above 120 K hydrogen modifies the structure of the oxygen islands, transforming them into rows of oxygen atom pairs at nearest neighbor distances. Above 150 K, hydrogen causes all (<f>2×2</f>)-O islands to convert into a (<f>√3×√3</f>) structure, which is stable up to 210 K. Above 210 K the (<f>√3×√3</f>) structure transforms back to (<f>2×2</f>) due to dissolution of the surface hydrogen into the bulk. During these transformations the number of oxygen atoms on the surface remains unchanged. Above 220 K the oxygen population decreases by reaction with dissolved hydrogen to form H<f>2</f>O which desorbs from surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - Adsorption kinetics
KW  - Hydrogen atom
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 8775948; Mitsui, T. 1 Rose, M.K. 2 Fomin, E. 2 Ogletree, D.F. 1 Salmeron, M. 1; Email Address: salmeron@stm.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 511 Issue 1-3, p259; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen atom; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camillone III, Nicholas
AU  - Adib, Kaveh
AU  - Fitts, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Rim, Kwang T.
AU  - Flynn, George W.
AU  - Joyce, S.A.
AU  - Osgood, Richard M.
T1  - Surface termination dependence of the reactivity of single crystal hematite with <f>CCl4</f>
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/10/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We describe ultrahigh vacuum Auger electron spectrometric measurements of the uptake of chlorine following the room temperature exposure of single crystal hematite, <f>α</f>-<f>Fe2O3</f>, to <f>CCl4</f>. We compare the surface chemistry of two specific surface phases formed on the basal plane of <f>α</f>-<f>Fe2O3</f>: the <f>Fe3O4</f>(1 1 1)-(<f>2×2</f>) “selvedge” and the <f>α</f>-<f>Fe2O3</f>/<f>Fe1−xO</f> “biphase.” For <f>Fe3O4</f>(1 1 1)-(<f>2×2</f>) an estimated saturation level of Cl of <f>∼</f>75% of a monolayer is readily attained. Carbon uptake is well below that expected for simple stoichiometric dissociative chemisorption, consistent with desorption of organic products during the surface reaction. Low energy electron diffraction measurements suggest that, dependent upon preparation procedures, at least two types of <f>α</f>-<f>Fe2O3</f>/<f>Fe1−xO</f> biphase structures can be formed. Surprisingly, upon exposure to <f>CCl4</f>, Cl uptake does not occur on either of these biphase surfaces, despite the fact that these surfaces are thought to have the same surface concentrations of iron and oxygen as <f>Fe3O4</f>(1 1 1). The dramatic difference between the reactivity of the <f>Fe3O4</f> and biphase surfaces suggests that the active site for the dissociative adsorption of <f>CCl4</f> on <f>Fe3O4</f>(1 1 1)-(<f>2×2</f>) comprises both an iron cation and an oxygen anion with a surface-normal-oriented dangling bond that is uncapped by iron cations. Electron stimulated and thermal desorption of Cl from the saturated <f>Fe3O4</f>(1 1 1)-(<f>2×2</f>) selvedge is also reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - Molecule–solid reactions
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 8775950; Camillone III, Nicholas 1,2; Email Address: nicholas@bnl.gov Adib, Kaveh 1,3 Fitts, Jeffrey P. 1 Rim, Kwang T. 1 Flynn, George W. 1 Joyce, S.A. 4 Osgood, Richard M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Materials Science Program, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  4: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 511 Issue 1-3, p267; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecule–solid reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Feibelman, Peter J.
AU  - Michely, Thomas
T1  - Reply to “Cluster dissociation on Pt(<f>1 1 1</f>)”
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/10/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 461
SN  - 00396028
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Field ion microscopy
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Platinum
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 8775972; Feibelman, Peter J. 1; Email Address: pjfeibe@sandia.gov Michely, Thomas 2; Email Address: michely@physik.rwth-aachen.de; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1413, USA  2: I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH-Aachen, 52056 Aachen, Germany; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 511 Issue 1-3, p461; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field ion microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mullins, D.R.
AU  - Overbury, S.H.
T1  - Coverage dependent dissociation of NO on Rh supported on cerium oxide thin films
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/10/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - L293
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The decomposition of NO on Rh on oxidized and reduced cerium oxide was studied as a function of NO coverage and temperature by soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The degree of decomposition is increased and the onset temperature for decomposition is reduced when Rh is supported on reduced ceria (Rh/CeO<f>x</f>) compared to Rh on oxidized ceria (Rh/CeO<f>2</f>). When the initial NO coverage was reduced to 35% of saturation the dissociation activity was enhanced on both Rh/CeO<f>2</f> and Rh/CeO<f>x</f>. However, at any given temperature and coverage, the dissociation activity was greater on Rh/CeO<f>x</f>. O vacancies on the reduced CeO<f>x</f> were poisoned by exposure to H<f>2</f>O at 300 K to produce a hydroxylated surface. The NO dissociation activity for Rh on the hydroxylated CeO<f>x</f> was the same as that on the open surface. These results demonstrate that O spillover and coverage effects are insufficient to explain the enhanced activity of Rh on reduced CeO<f>x</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - RHODIUM
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Cerium
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Rhodium
KW  - Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8775916; Mullins, D.R.; Email Address: mullinsdr@ornl.gov Overbury, S.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6201, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 511 Issue 1-3, pL293; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: RHODIUM; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cerium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abramov, A.G.
AU  - Galyaev, N.A.
AU  - Garkusha, V.I.
AU  - Hylen, J.
AU  - Novoskoltsev, F.N.
AU  - Ryabov, A.D.
AU  - Zarucheisky, V.G.
T1  - Beam optics and target conceptual designs for the NuMI project
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 485
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A summary is presented of the conceptual design of the focusing system for the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beamline at Fermilab. The <f>120 GeV</f> primary proton beam with intensity of <f>4×1013</f> protons per <f>1.9 s</f> from the Main Injector will be used to produce pions in a graphite target. Two <f>200 kA</f> pulsed horns will be used to magnetically focus the resulting pion beam down a drift space where pions will decay to muon-neutrinos. The MINOS experiment will use the neutrino beam together with two detectors, one located on the Fermilab site and the other <f>735 km</f> away in the Soudan mine in Minnesota, to study neutrino oscillation phenomena. Several neutrino beam optics configurations and target designs have been studied with the goal of producing a facility with high efficiency while retaining flexibility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BEAM optics
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - PIONS
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - Horn
KW  - NuMI beam
KW  - Target
N1  - Accession Number: 7822342; Abramov, A.G. 1 Galyaev, N.A. 1 Garkusha, V.I. 1 Hylen, J. 2 Novoskoltsev, F.N. 1; Email Address: novoskoltsev@mx.ihep.su Ryabov, A.D. 1 Zarucheisky, V.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 485 Issue 3, p209; Subject Term: BEAM optics; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Horn; Author-Supplied Keyword: NuMI beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Target; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bellwied, R.
AU  - Bennett, M.J.
AU  - Bernardo, V.
AU  - Caines, H.
AU  - Christie, W.
AU  - Costa, S.
AU  - Crawford, H.J.
AU  - Cronqvist, M.
AU  - Debbe, R.
AU  - Dinnwiddie, R.
AU  - Engelage, J.
AU  - Flores, I.
AU  - Fuzesy, R.
AU  - Greiner, L.
AU  - Hallman, T.
AU  - Hoffmann, G.
AU  - Huang, H.Z.
AU  - Jensen, P.
AU  - Judd, E.G.
AU  - Kainz, K.
T1  - Distributed drift chamber design for rare particle detection in relativistic heavy ion collisions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 485
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This report describes a multi plane drift chamber that was designed and constructed to function as a topological detector for the BNL AGS E896 rare particle experiment. The chamber was optimized for good spatial resolution, two track separation, and a high uniform efficiency while operating in a 1.6 T magnetic field and subjected to long term exposure from a 11.6 GeV/nucleon beam of <f>106</f> Au ions per second. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRIFT chambers
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - Drift chamber
KW  - Rare particle
KW  - Relativistic heavy ions
N1  - Accession Number: 7822355; Bellwied, R. 1 Bennett, M.J. 2 Bernardo, V. 3 Caines, H. 4 Christie, W. 5 Costa, S. 6 Crawford, H.J. 2 Cronqvist, M. 2 Debbe, R. 5 Dinnwiddie, R. 7 Engelage, J. 2; Email Address: jmengelage@lbl.gov Flores, I. 2 Fuzesy, R. 7 Greiner, L. 2 Hallman, T. 5 Hoffmann, G. 8 Huang, H.Z. 9 Jensen, P. 8 Judd, E.G. 2 Kainz, K. 10; Affiliation:  1: Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA  2: Space Science Laboratories, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  4: Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  6: Universitá di Catania and INFN-Sezione di Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy  7: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  8: University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA  9: University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  10: Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 485 Issue 3, p371; Subject Term: DRIFT chambers; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drift chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic heavy ions; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Appel, J.A.
AU  - Artuso, M.
AU  - Butler, J.N.
AU  - Cancelo, G.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Cheung, H.
AU  - Chiodini, G.
AU  - Christian, D.C.
AU  - Colautti, A.
AU  - Coluccia, R.
AU  - Di Corato, M.
AU  - Gottschalk, E.E.
AU  - Hall, B.K.
AU  - Hoff, J.
AU  - Kasper, P.A.
AU  - Kutschke, R.
AU  - Kwan, S.W.
AU  - Mekkaoui, A.
AU  - Menasce, D.
AU  - Newsom, C.
T1  - Performance of prototype BTeV silicon pixel detectors in a high-energy pion beam
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 485
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The silicon pixel vertex detector is a key element of the BTeV spectrometer. Sensors bump bonded to prototype front-end devices were tested in a high-energy pion beam at Fermilab. The spatial resolution and occupancies as a function of the pion incident angle were measured for various sensor-readout combinations. The data are compared with predictions from our Monte Carlo simulation and very good agreement is found. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Beam test
KW  - BTeV
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Pixel
KW  - Resolution
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 7822358; Appel, J.A. 1 Artuso, M. 2; Email Address: artuso@physics.syr.edu Butler, J.N. 1 Cancelo, G. 1 Cardoso, G. 1 Cheung, H. 1 Chiodini, G. 1 Christian, D.C. 1 Colautti, A. 3 Coluccia, R. 4 Di Corato, M. 4 Gottschalk, E.E. 1 Hall, B.K. 1 Hoff, J. 1 Kasper, P.A. 1 Kutschke, R. 1 Kwan, S.W. 1 Mekkaoui, A. 1 Menasce, D. 3 Newsom, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Department of Physics, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 1344-1130, USA  3: Sezione INFN di Milano, via Celoria 16-20133, Milano, Italy  4: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Milano, via Celoria 16-20133, Milano, Italy  5: University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 485 Issue 3, p411; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam test; Author-Supplied Keyword: BTeV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bülte, A.
AU  - Winter, K.
AU  - Litmaath, M.
AU  - Gernitzky, Y.
AU  - Goldberg, J.
AU  - Grégoire, G.
AU  - Niwa, K.
AU  - Nakano, T.
AU  - Komatsu, M.
AU  - Itoh, K.
AU  - Frekers, D.
AU  - Bruski, N.
AU  - Kückmann, J.
T1  - The CHARON detector—an emulsion/counter hybrid set-up to measure the mean free path of near-elastic pion scattering in nuclear emulsion (white kink) at 2, 3 and 5 GeV/c
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 485
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 426
SN  - 01689002
AB  - White and grey kink events define a special class of soft hadron interactions in nuclear emulsion in which only one track (the scattered hadron) is leaving the interaction vertex. Due to their small and sometimes invisible activity at the scattering point, they represent a potential background source for all emulsion experiments hunting for decay topologies of short-lived particles like the lepton and charm mesons.For an extensive study of such hadronic kink signatures a dedicated experimental set-up has been built and exposed at the CERN PS hadron beam facility and it has collected about 300 000 pions with a fixed momentum ranging from 2 to 5 GeV/c. Each particle was tracked by silicon strip detectors to connect it to the proper track in the nuclear emulsion located in between. Threshold Cherenkov detectors for electron discrimination, a muon counter and an MWPC-based magnetic spectrometer completed the experimental configuration. A total of 222 white and 271 grey kinks could be successfully located in the emulsion target. Their angular and transverse momentum distributions were extensively studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRON interactions
KW  - NUCLEAR emulsions
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PIONS
KW  - Nuclear emulsion
KW  - Pion scattering
KW  - White kinks
N1  - Accession Number: 7822359; Bülte, A. 1,2; Email Address: aimo.bulte@cern.ch Winter, K. 1,2 Litmaath, M. 3 Gernitzky, Y. 4 Goldberg, J. 4 Grégoire, G. 5 Niwa, K. 6 Nakano, T. 6 Komatsu, M. 6 Itoh, K. 6 Frekers, D. 7 Bruski, N. 7 Kückmann, J. 7; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany  2: CERN, EP Division, Zythueslistrasse 7, 8165 Schleinikon, Switzerland  3: Fermilab, Batavia, IL, USA  4: Technion, Haifa, Israel  5: Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain, Belgium  6: F-Ken, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan  7: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 485 Issue 3, p426; Subject Term: HADRON interactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR emulsions; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear emulsion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pion scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: White kinks; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abhold, Mark E.
AU  - Baker, Michael C.
T1  - MCNP–REN: a Monte Carlo tool for neutron detector design
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 485
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 576
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The development of neutron detectors makes extensive use of the predictions of detector response through the use of Monte Carlo techniques in conjunction with the point reactor model. Unfortunately, the point reactor model fails to accurately predict detector response in common applications. For this reason, the general Monte Carlo code developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP), was modified to simulate the pulse streams that would be generated by a neutron detector and normally analyzed by a shift register. This modified code, MCNP-Random Exponentially Distributed Neutron Source (MCNP–REN), along with the Time Analysis Program, predicts neutron detector response without using the point reactor model, making it unnecessary for the user to decide whether or not the assumptions of the point model are met for their application. MCNP–REN is capable of simulating standard neutron coincidence counting as well as neutron multiplicity counting. Measurements of mixed oxide fresh fuel were taken with the Underwater Coincidence Counter, and measurements of highly enriched uranium reactor fuel were taken with the active neutron interrogation Research Reactor Fuel Counter and compared to calculation. Simulations completed for other detector design applications are described. The method used in MCNP–REN is demonstrated to be fundamentally sound and shown to eliminate the need to use the point model for detector performance predictions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ASSAYING
KW  - MCNP
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Neutron detection
KW  - Nondestructive assay
N1  - Accession Number: 7822378; Abhold, Mark E. 1 Baker, Michael C. 2; Email Address: mcbaker@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Nonproliferation and International Security Division, Safeguards Science and Technology Group, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Environmental Science and Waste Technology Division, Environmental Technology Group, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 485 Issue 3, p576; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: ASSAYING; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCNP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nondestructive assay; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, B.
AU  - Zojceski, Z.
AU  - Harder, J.A.
AU  - Hrisoho, A.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Smith, G.C.
T1  - Front-end electronics for high rate, position sensitive neutron detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 485
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 645
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Advanced neutron detectors for experiments at new spallation sources will require greater counting rate capabilities than previously attainable. This necessitates careful design of both detector and readout electronics. As part of a new instrument for protein crystallography at LANSCE, we are constructing a detector whose concept was described previously (IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-46 (1999) 1916). Here, we describe the signal processing circuit, which is well suited for <f>3</f>He detectors with a continuous interpolating readout. The circuit is based on standard charge preamplification, transmission of this signal over 20 meters or so, followed by sample and hold using a second order gated baseline restorer. This latter unit provides high rate capability without requiring pole-zero and tail cancellation circuits. There is also provision for gain-adjustment. The circuits are produced in surface mounted technology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Gated baseline restorer
KW  - GBLR
KW  - Position sensitive neutron detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 7822385; Yu, B. 1 Zojceski, Z. 2 Harder, J.A. 1; Email Address: harder@bnl.gov Hrisoho, A. 2,3 Radeka, V. 1 Smith, G.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg 535 B, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Orsay, France  3: Linear Accelerator Laboratory, Orsay, France; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 485 Issue 3, p645; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gated baseline restorer; Author-Supplied Keyword: GBLR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position sensitive neutron detectors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maolinbay, M.
AU  - Zimmerman, T.
AU  - Yarema, R.J.
AU  - Antonuk, L.E.
AU  - El-Mohri, Y.
AU  - Yeakey, M.
T1  - Design and performance of a low noise, 128-channel ASIC preamplifier for readout of active matrix flat-panel imaging arrays
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 485
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 661
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Design architecture and performance measurements of a low noise, 128-channel application-specific-integrated-circuit (ASIC) preamplifier are reported. The ASIC was designed for readout of active matrix flat-panel imager (AMFPI) arrays. Such arrays, which presently can be made as large as 41 cm×41 cm and with pixel-to-pixel pitches down to ∼70 μm, require large numbers of low noise, high density, custom integrated readout circuits. The design of this new chip is specifically tailored for research and development of active matrix flat-panel arrays for various medical imaging applications. The design architecture includes the following features: (1) Programmable signal gain which allows acquisition of a wide range of signal sizes from various array designs so as to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio; (2) Correlated double sampling (CDS) which significantly reduces certain noise components; (3) Pipelined readout (simultaneously sampling and multiplexing signals) which reduces image acquisition time; (4) Programmable bandwidth controls which balance noise and acquisition speed; and (5) Two selectable modes of output multiplexing (64:1, 16:1) for slow or fast readout. In this paper, detailed measurements of various performance parameters are presented. These measurements include noise characteristics, the relationship between bandwidth and noise, signal response linearity, channel-to-channel and pipeline cross-talk, signal gain and gain variation across channels, and the effect of sampling methods on noise. These characterizations indicate that the performance of the ASIC has achieved the original design goals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - APPLICATION-specific integrated circuits
KW  - Active matrix flat-panel imager
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - Low noise charge sensitive preamplifier
KW  - Thin-film transistors
N1  - Accession Number: 7822387; Maolinbay, M. 1 Zimmerman, T. 2 Yarema, R.J. 2 Antonuk, L.E. 1; Email Address: antonuk@umich.edu El-Mohri, Y. 1 Yeakey, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 485 Issue 3, p661; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Subject Term: APPLICATION-specific integrated circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active matrix flat-panel imager; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low noise charge sensitive preamplifier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin-film transistors; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beddingfield, D.H.
AU  - Menlove, H.O.
T1  - Distributed source term analysis, a new approach to nuclear material inventory verification
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 485
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Distributed Source-Term Analysis (DSTA) technique is a new approach to measuring in-process material holdup that is a significant departure from traditional hold-up measurement methodology. The DSTA method is a means of determining the mass of nuclear material within a large, diffuse, volume using passive neutron counting. The DSTA method is a more efficient approach than traditional methods of holdup measurement and inventory verification. The time spent in performing DSTA measurement and analysis is a fraction of that required by traditional techniques. The error ascribed to a DSTA survey result is generally less than that from traditional methods. Also, the negative bias ascribed to <f>γ</f>-ray methods is greatly diminished because the DSTA method uses neutrons which are more penetrating than <f>γ</f>-rays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - ATOMIC mass
N1  - Accession Number: 7822397; Beddingfield, D.H.; Email Address: dbedding@lanl.gov Menlove, H.O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Safeguards Science and Technology, Group NIS-5, MS E540, P.O.Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 485 Issue 3, p797; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyczkowski, Robert W.
AU  - Bouillard, Jacques X.
T1  - Scaling and guidelines for erosion in fluidized beds
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2002/06/11/
VL  - 125
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 00325910
AB  - This study develops a novel dimensionless erosion model, which we call the simplified closed form monolayer energy dissipation (SCFMED) erosion model, which is a function of fluidization Reynolds number. Explicit erosion scaling criteria are developed for the first time to the authors'' knowledge using this model. Erosion guidelines are presented based upon fairly reliable semi-empirical laboratory and field data correlations and, remarkably, found to predict erosion rates on the same order of magnitude, in agreement with the SCFMED erosion model. A simplified erosion guideline procedure is developed using detailed computations for a cold few-tube approximation of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Grimethorpe tube bank “C1” configuration. The results from the simplified erosion guidelines procedure are compared with the full closed form MED erosion model and found to agree with available erosion data for aluminum tubes taking into account the scatter in erosion data and erodent hardness. An erosion scaling procedure is tested using detailed numerical computations for a cold and scaled hot few-tube approximation for the same (IEA) Grimethorpe tube bank “C1” configuration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Erosion
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
KW  - Erosion scaling
KW  - Experimental validation
KW  - Fluidized beds
KW  - Numerical simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 7807186; Lyczkowski, Robert W. 1; Email Address: rlyczkowski@anl.gov Bouillard, Jacques X. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA  2: Rhone-Poulenc Industrialisation, 24, Avenue Jean-Jaures, 69153 Decines-Charpieu Cedex, France; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 125 Issue 2/3, p217; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Erosion; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluidized beds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, Mukul
AU  - Schwartz, Adam J.
AU  - King, Wayne E.
T1  - Microstructural evolution during grain boundary engineering of low to medium stacking fault energy fcc materials
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/06/12/
VL  - 50
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2599
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Grain boundary engineering comprises processes by which the relative fractions of so-called special and random grain boundaries in microstructures are manipulated with the objective of improving materials properties such as corrosion, creep resistance, and weldability. One such process also referred to as sequential thermomechanical processing (TMP), consists of moderate strains followed by annealing at relatively high temperatures for short periods of time. These thermomechanical treatments on fcc metals and alloys with low to medium stacking fault energies result in microstructures with high fractions of Σ3n and other special boundaries, as defined by the coincidence site lattice (CSL) model. More importantly, the interconnected networks of random boundaries are significantly modified as a consequence of the processing. The modifications in the grain boundary network have been correlated with post-mortem electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of the deformed and annealed states of the material. The evolution of the microstructure to a high fraction of Σ3n boundaries is correlated with the decomposition or dissociation of immobile boundaries during annealing. This is evidenced by TEM observations of the decomposition of relatively immobile boundaries into two components, one with very low energy and thus immobile, and the other a highly mobile boundary that migrates into neighboring areas of higher strain levels. The formation of low-energy grain boundaries through this mechanism and its effect on boundary network topology is discussed within the context of grain boundary engineering and linked to known microstructural evolution mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Grain boundary engineering
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Thermomechanical processing
N1  - Accession Number: 7815405; Kumar, Mukul; Email Address: mukul@llnl.gov Schwartz, Adam J. 1 King, Wayne E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 7000 East Avenue, M/S L-356, 94550 Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 50 Issue 10, p2599; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermomechanical processing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Sangwook
AU  - Westfahl Jr., Harry
AU  - Schmalian, Jörg
AU  - Wolynes, Peter G.
T1  - Theory of microemulsion glasses
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/06/13/
VL  - 359
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We show that the tendency towards microphase separation in microemulsions can lead to the formation of a glassy state after sufficiently strong correlations between polar and hydrophobic regions have been established. Glassiness is predicted to occur above a critical volume fraction of surfactant molecules, which is determined by the length of the amphiphilic molecules. Our results are obtained by solving the dynamical equations for the correlation functions of the system and by using a replica approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROPHOBIC surfaces
KW  - EMULSIONS
KW  - SURFACE active agents
N1  - Accession Number: 7830930; Wu, Sangwook 1 Westfahl Jr., Harry 1 Schmalian, Jörg 1 Wolynes, Peter G. 2; Email Address: pwolynes@ucsd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0371, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0371, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 359 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: HYDROPHOBIC surfaces; Subject Term: EMULSIONS; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Libarkin, J.C.
AU  - Quade, J.
AU  - Chase, C.G.
AU  - Poths, J.
AU  - McIntosh, W.
T1  - Measurement of ancient cosmogenic 21Ne in quartz from the 28 Ma Fish Canyon Tuff, Colorado
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2002/06/15/
VL  - 186
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Measurement of 21Ne in quartz from the 28 Ma buried Fish Canyon Tuff of Colorado yielded a maximum of 2.75±0.57×10621Ne atoms (g SiO2)−1 above nucleogenic and modern concentrations. This quantity represents cosmogenic 21Ne produced on the Fish Canyon Tuff surface prior to the deposition of the overlying Carpenter Ridge Tuff. Ancient 21Ne was isolated through the analysis and identification of (1) background 21Ne produced from α-particle interactions or inherited; and (2) cosmogenic 21Ne produced from modern radiation. Multiple samples of Fish Canyon Tuff shielded during both exposure periods, 28 Ma ago and in modern time, yielded the background that was then subtracted from all samples. Likewise, samples of Fish Canyon exposed today, but well below the Fish Canyon–Carpenter Ridge contact and therefore shielded 28 Ma ago, yielded a modern component that was also removed from all sample concentrations. The presence of an ancient cosmogenic isotope in a buried surface has several potential applications, including the quantification of paleoelevation, paleolatitude, and pre-Quaternary erosion rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEON
KW  - NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Cosmogenic isotopes
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Neon
N1  - Accession Number: 7821029; Libarkin, J.C. 1; Email Address: jlibarki@cfa.harvard.edu Quade, J. 2 Chase, C.G. 2 Poths, J. 3 McIntosh, W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Science Education Department, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MS-71, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  2: Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: N.M. Geochronology Research Laboratory, N.M. Bureau of Mines, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801-4796, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 186 Issue 3/4, p199; Subject Term: NEON; Subject Term: NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colorado; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmogenic isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rintoul, Mark D.
T1  - The new biology and computational statistical physics
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/06/15/
VL  - 146
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 00104655
AB  - While it has historically been an exploratory, descriptive, and empirical science, in the past 100 years, biology has become more discovery- and mechanism-oriented. There are a number of ways in which this new paradigm is driving much of the current biological research toward statistical physics. This is happening at a molecular level due to the very large nature of biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. It is also occurring at the cellular level where random processes play an important role in cell function. There are even examples that describe the behavior of large numbers of individual organisms within one or more species. Finally, this trend has been accelerated with the advent of high-throughput experimental techniques that are driving biology towards information science. Analysis and discovery of the information gained from such experiments will rely heavily on techniques that have traditionally been applied in statistical physics. This paper will focus on examples of how statistical physics techniques are being applied and hope to be applied to biological problems, with an emphasis on high-performance computing. We will also speculate on what we feel are the necessary computing requirements to solve many of the outstanding problems in computational biology using the techniques that will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOPHYSICS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL research
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 7817918; Rintoul, Mark D. 1; Email Address: rintoul@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0316, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0316, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 146 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: BIOPHYSICS; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL research; Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woo, Richard A.
AU  - Jack, Melissa T.
AU  - Xu, Yang
AU  - Burma, Sandeep
AU  - Chen, David J.
AU  - Lee, Patrick W.K.
T1  - DNA damage-induced apoptosis requires the DNA-dependent protein kinase, and is mediated by the latent population of p53.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/06/15/
VL  - 21
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3000
EP  - 3008
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) expressing the adenovirus E1A protein undergo apoptosis upon exposure to ionizing radiation. We show here that immediately following γ-irradiation, latent p53 formed a complex with the catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKCS). The complex formation was DNase sensitive, suggesting that the proteins came together on the DNA, conceivably at strand breaks. This association was accompanied by phosphorylation of pre-existing, latent p53 at Ser18 (corresponding to Ser15 in human p53), which was not found in DNA-PKCS-/- cells. Most significantly, DNA damage-induced apoptosis was abolished in both DNA-PKCS-/- and p53-/- cells. In addition, blocking synthesis of inducible p53 by cycloheximide did not abrogate apoptosis, suggesting that the latent population of p53 is sufficient for executing the apoptotic program. Finally, E1A-expressing MEFs from a p53 'knock-in' mouse where Ser18 was mutated to an alanine had an attenuated apoptotic response, indicating that phosphorylation of this site by DNA-PK is a contributing factor for apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - EMBRYOS
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - CELL death
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - apoptosis/DNA damage/DNA-dependent protein kinase
KW  - p53
KW  - Ser15.
N1  - Accession Number: 12955908; Woo, Richard A. 1 Jack, Melissa T. 1 Xu, Yang 2 Burma, Sandeep 3 Chen, David J. 3 Lee, Patrick W.K. 1; Email Address: plee@ucalgary.ca; Affiliation:  1: Cancer Biology Research Group and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary. Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1  2: Division of Biology and Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0322.  3: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 6/15/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 12, p3000; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Subject Term: EMBRYOS; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: CELL death; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: apoptosis/DNA damage/DNA-dependent protein kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ser15.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdf307
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cornelius, Chris J.
AU  - Marand, Eva
T1  - Hybrid silica-polyimide composite membranes: gas transport properties
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2002/06/15/
VL  - 202
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
SN  - 03767388
AB  - The gas permeability, diffusivity, and selectivity properties of gases such as He, O2, N2, CH4, and CO2 were evaluated for a series of hybrid inorganic–organic composites based on 6FDA-6FpDA and 6FDA-6FpDA-DABA polyimides and various organo-silica structures. The organo-silica domains were introduced into the polymer matrix via sol–gel reactions. The gas transport properties of these hybrid membranes were dependent on the type of alkoxide employed and the final morphology of the hybrid composite. Systems with low degree of cross-linking between the inorganic and polymer components exhibited membrane performance below the upper bound. However, simultaneous improvements in selectivity and permeability were observed in hybrid materials with favorable interactions between inorganic and polymer domains as documented by changes in viscoelastic properties. These improved interactions most likely led to the formation of an interphase consisting of constrained polymer segments partially incorporated into the silicate structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYIMIDES
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - SOLUBILITY
KW  - SILICA
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Inorganic–organic hybrid
KW  - Membrane
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Polyimide
KW  - Silica
KW  - Solubility
N1  - Accession Number: 7796493; Cornelius, Chris J. 1; Email Address: cjcorne@sandia.gov Marand, Eva 2; Email Address: emarand@vt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0710, USA  2: Chemical Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0211, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 202 Issue 1/2, p97; Subject Term: POLYIMIDES; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: SOLUBILITY; Subject Term: SILICA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inorganic–organic hybrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyimide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solubility; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Magruder III, R.H.
AU  - Weeks, R.A.
AU  - Weller, R.A.
AU  - Zuhr, R.A.
T1  - Effects of multi-energy Si and O ion implantation on the optical properties of silica
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/06/15/
VL  - 304
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 224
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Some effects on the optical bands produced by multi energy (highest energy 320 keV) Si and O implantations in (Type III) silica have been measured. We propose that in these samples bands due to the various combinations of oxygen vacancies will increase with increasing Si dose with related O related defects changing at a much smaller rates. In the absorption spectra of samples implanted with O, bands associated with oxygen related defects increase with increasing does, while those due to various forms of O vacancies will change at much smaller rates. Si ions were implanted using implant energies ranging from 35 to 320 keV. O ions were implanted using energies ranging from 35 to 250 keV. The doses at each energy were varied to maintain an approximately constant implanted-species concentration. The implanted layer has an approximately constant concentration for the Si ions that starts 40 nm below the surface and extends to 640 nm, while for the O implanted samples the constant concentration region starts at <f>∼</f>80 nm from the surface and extend to 640 nm. The Si concentration in the implanted region ranges from <f>∼</f>0.025 to 0.5 at.% (atomic percent) while the O concentration ranged from 0.035 to 0.7 at.%. The optical absorption was measured from 2.8 to 6.5 eV. We fit the observed spectra for the as implanted samples to the minimum number of bands attributed to intrinsic states in SiO<f>2</f> required to fit the data within <f>±</f>2%. The intensities of these absorption bands were a function of dose and ion species. Bands at 5.01, 5.8 and 6.75 eV increased with increasing Si dose and changed at much smaller rates with increasing O dose, confirming that these bands are related to oxygen vacancies. The band at 4.8 eV increased with increasing O dose confirming that it is due to oxygen related defects, which we attribute to an oxygen molecular ion or peroxy radical. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 8774787; Magruder III, R.H. 1; Email Address: magruderr@mail.belmont.edu Weeks, R.A. 2 Weller, R.A. 3 Zuhr, R.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Belmont University Nashville, TN 37212, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  3: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  4: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 304 Issue 1-3, p224; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christenson, B.W.
AU  - Mroczek, E.K.
AU  - Kennedy, B.M.
AU  - van Soest, M.C.
AU  - Stewart, M.K.
AU  - Lyon, G.
T1  - Ohaaki reservoir chemistry: characteristics of an arc-type hydrothermal system in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand
JO  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
JF  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
Y1  - 2002/06/15/
VL  - 115
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 03770273
AB  - Situated along the eastern margin of the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), the high-gas and high-enthalpy production fluids from the Ohaaki geothermal field are chemically similar to other arc-type volcanic systems found along this part of the TVZ. Two thermal upwellings can be distinguished within the field, each apparently emanating from fault structures in the Mesozoic basement greywackes. Although both plumes have similar salinities and appear to be fully equilibrated with the reservoir rocks containing them, fluids associated with the eastern upflow zone are enriched in B and F compared to those in the western upflow zone. δ2H and δ18O signatures for water suggest that up to 20% of the water in the discharges may derive from a magmatic source, and a δ2H–Cl trend established by the East-Bank fluids indicate end-member mixing between a high-Cl fluid and Cl-deficient steam containing as much as 40% arc-type vapour. Gas signatures in fluids from the two production fields show compositional differences that cannot be explained by physical reservoir processes. The eastern fluids have higher N2/Ar and CO2/He ratios, and consistently higher CH4–CO213C fractionation temperatures than those in the western upflow zone. In addition, stark differences in 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar ratios for the two production fields suggest two-component mixing for the respective source components, with the eastern fluids having a significantly larger radiogenic gas content than those to the west. Collectively, these signatures suggest the presence of a relatively young and shallowly seated degassing intrusive beneath the eastern upflow zone, perhaps as shallow as 4 km beneath the surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - MAGMATISM
KW  - fluid chemistry
KW  - geothermal
KW  - magmatic degassing
KW  - magmatic heat sources
KW  - noble gas chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 7821138; Christenson, B.W. 1; Email Address: b.christenson@gns.cri.nz Mroczek, E.K. 1 Kennedy, B.M. 2 van Soest, M.C. 2 Stewart, M.K. 3 Lyon, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Private Bag 2000, Taupo, New Zealand  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Private Bag, Lower Hutt, New Zealand; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 115 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: RESERVOIRS; Subject Term: MAGMATISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluid chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: geothermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: magmatic degassing; Author-Supplied Keyword: magmatic heat sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: noble gas chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Linda
AU  - Ernst, Thomas
AU  - Speck, Oliver
AU  - Patel, Hetal
AU  - DeSilva, Menaka
AU  - Leonido-Yee, Maria
AU  - Miller, Eric N.
T1  - Perfusion MRI and computerized cognitive test abnormalities in abstinent methamphetamine users
JO  - Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section
JF  - Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section
Y1  - 2002/06/15/
VL  - 114
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 09254927
AB  - This study aims to determine possible persistent abnormalities in regional cerebral blood flow (relative rCBF) and cognitive function in abstinent methamphetamine (METH) users. Twenty METH-dependent subjects (abstinent for 8±2 months) and 20 age- and gender-matched controls were evaluated with perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) and neuropsychological tests. METH users showed decreased relative rCBF bilaterally in putamen/insular cortices (right: −12%; left: −10%) and the right lateral parietal brain region (−11%), but increased relative rCBF bilaterally in the left temporoparietal white matter (+13%), the left occipital brain region: (+10%) and the right posterior parietal region (+24%). Interaction effects were observed between METH and gender in the right occipital cortex and a midline brain region; female METH users showed increased relative rCBF (+15% both regions) whereas the male METH users had decreased relative rCBF (−10% and −18%, respectively). METH users performed within normal ranges on standard neuropsychological tests; however, they were slower on several tasks on the California Computerized Assessment Package (CalCAP), especially tasks that required working memory. These findings suggest that METH abuse is associated with persistent physiologic changes in the brain, and these changes are accompanied by slower reaction times on computerized measures of cognitive function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHAMPHETAMINE
KW  - REGIONAL blood flow
KW  - NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests
KW  - SHORT-term memory
KW  - SEX differences (Biology)
KW  - Gender
KW  - Neuropsychological tests
KW  - Regional blood flow
KW  - Working memory
N1  - Accession Number: 7814155; Chang, Linda 1,2; Email Address: changl@bnl.gov Ernst, Thomas 1,2 Speck, Oliver 2,3 Patel, Hetal 2 DeSilva, Menaka 2 Leonido-Yee, Maria 2 Miller, Eric N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 490, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA  3: Department of Radiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany  4: Department of Psychiatry, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 114 Issue 2, p65; Subject Term: METHAMPHETAMINE; Subject Term: REGIONAL blood flow; Subject Term: NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests; Subject Term: SHORT-term memory; Subject Term: SEX differences (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Gender; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neuropsychological tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regional blood flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Working memory; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Israelsohn, Osnat
AU  - Vollhardt, K. Peter C.
AU  - Blum, Jochanan
T1  - Further studies on hydration of alkynes by the PtCl4–CO catalyst
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/06/17/
VL  - 184
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13811169
AB  - Under CO atmosphere, a glyme solution of PtCl4 forms, between 80 and 120 °C, a carbonyl compound that promotes hydration of internal and terminal alkynes to give aldehyde-free ketones. The catalytic process depends strongly on the electronic and steric nature of the alkynes. Part of the carbonyl functions of the catalyst can be replaced by phosphine ligands, including chiral DIOP and polystyrene-bound diphenylphosphine. Upon entrapment of the platinum compound in a silica sol–gel matrix, it reacts as a partially recyclable catalyst. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - ALKYNES
KW  - PLATINUM catalysts
KW  - Alkynes
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Hydration
KW  - Platinum
N1  - Accession Number: 7834599; Israelsohn, Osnat 1 Vollhardt, K. Peter C. 2 Blum, Jochanan 1; Email Address: jblum@chem.ch.huji.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Department of Organic Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel  2: Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, University of California and the Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 184 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: ALKYNES; Subject Term: PLATINUM catalysts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkynes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Jae Hee
AU  - Chen, Peilin
AU  - Kim, Seong Han
AU  - Somorjai, G.A.
AU  - Gartside, Robert J.
AU  - Dautzenberg, Frits M.
T1  - Catalytic cracking of n-hexane over MoO2
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/06/17/
VL  - 184
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 13811169
AB  - Catalytic cracking reactions of n-hexane over molybdenum oxide (MoO2) grown on a polycrystalline molybdenum foil (∼1 cm2) were studied in the temperature range 830–913 K at a low conversion (<2%). The n-hexane pressure was 7.3 Torr. The reactions were carried out in a batch reactor and no hydrogen or water vapor (steam) was used. The cracking products of n-hexane were mostly alkenes—ethylene (29 mol%), propylene (35 mol%), butenes (19 mol%) and pentenes (5 mol%)—along with small amounts of alkanes—methane (7 mol%), ethane (4 mol%) and propane (1 mol%). The apparent activation energy for the catalytic cracking of n-hexane was ∼60 kcal/mol. The reaction rates were not deactivated over more than 5 h of use. Dehydrogenation and aromatization were also observed, but these reactions rates decreased as the gas inside the batch reactor reached an equilibrium. Auger and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies suggested an oxycarbide form as the catalytically active phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYTIC cracking
KW  - HEXANE
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - n-Hexane
N1  - Accession Number: 7834623; Song, Jae Hee 1 Chen, Peilin 1 Kim, Seong Han 1 Somorjai, G.A. 1; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu Gartside, Robert J. 2 Dautzenberg, Frits M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: ABB Lummus Global, Inc., 1515 Broad Street, Bloomfield, NJ 07003, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 184 Issue 1/2, p197; Subject Term: CATALYTIC cracking; Subject Term: HEXANE; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: n-Hexane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherukuri, Ram
AU  - Womack, Melissa
AU  - Molian, Pal
AU  - Russell, Alan
AU  - Tian, Yun
T1  - Pulsed laser deposition of AlMgB14 on carbide inserts for metal cutting
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2002/06/17/
VL  - 155
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Nanocrystalline AlMgB14 containing 0–30 mol% additives are a family of new superhard materials with hardness comparable to that of TiB2 on the lower end and to that of cubic BN on the higher end. Compared with diamond and cubic BN, AlMgB14 is an equilibrium material with excellent electrical conductivity, high chemical stability, and lower density. The projected cost of manufacture of the boride is 10% of the cost of diamond and cubic BN. AlMgB14 materials appear to be congruently melting/evaporating, which would allow them to be processed with techniques such as pulsed laser deposition (PLD). In this work, the feasibility of PLD for synthesizing thin films of baseline AlMgB14 (0% additive) is demonstrated and compared with TiB2. A 248-nm, 23-ns KrF excimer laser was used to prepare baseline boride thin films on cemented carbide (ANSI C-5 and C-2) tool inserts. The films were dark blue, continuous and fairly uniform with few particulates. An impact fracture test showed that adhesion of the films to the substrate was excellent. The deposition rate was 0.08 nm per pulse at an energy density of 7 J/cm2. Nanoindentation hardness tests revealed that the films exhibited hardness 60% higher than the carbide substrate. Lathe turning tests with cold-drawn 1045 steel bars indicated that C-5 tools coated with 0.5 μm baseline AlMgB14 have an average flank wear reduction of 12% compared to uncoated C-5 tools. Further machining tests on C-2 tools showed that the tools coated with baseline boride have much better flank (23% reduction) and nose wear resistance (26% reduction) compared with TiB2 coated tools. In addition, multilayer composite coating of AlMgB14 and TiB2 outperformed single layer boride coating in minimizing the tool wear. This pioneering work sets the stage and serves as a catalyst for rapid and innovative advances in the development of new boride materials for numerous tool and hard coating applications, including bulk cutting tools, hard and erosion-resistant coatings, wear-resistant electrical switch contacts, and conductive thin films for MEMS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - BORIDES
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - Boride
KW  - Multilayer
KW  - Pulsed laser deposition (PLD)
KW  - Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
N1  - Accession Number: 7830276; Cherukuri, Ram 1; Email Address: ramcc@iastate.edu Womack, Melissa 1 Molian, Pal 1 Russell, Alan 2 Tian, Yun 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 155 Issue 2/3, p112; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: BORIDES; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed laser deposition (PLD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, Bong-Gyoon
AU  - Han, Minhua
AU  - Sui, Haixin
AU  - Yaswen, Paul
AU  - Walian, Peter J.
AU  - Jap, Bing K.
T1  - Crystal structure of human calmodulin-like protein: insights into its functional role1<FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>The atomic coordinates have been deposited with the RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB), under entry code 1GGZ.</FN>
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2002/06/19/
VL  - 521
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 00145793
AB  - A calmodulin (CaM)-like protein (hCLP) is expressed in human mammary epithelial cells but appears to be limited to certain epithelial cells such as those found in skin, prostate, breast and cervical tissues. A decrease in the expression of this protein is associated with the occurrence of tumors in breast epithelium. The structure of hCLP determined to 1.5 A˚ resolution by X-ray crystallography shows a distinct 30° displacement along the interconnecting central helix, when compared to the highly conserved structure of vertebrate CaM, resulting in a difference in the relative orientation of its two globular domains. Additionally, the electric surface potential landscape at the target protein binding regions on the two globular domains of hCLP is significantly different from those of CaM, indicating that the respective ranges of hCLP and hCaM target proteins do not fully overlap. Observations that hCLP can competitively inhibit CaM activation of target proteins also imply a role for hCLP in which it may also serve as a modulator of CaM activity in the epithelial cells where hCLP is expressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALMODULIN
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Calmodulin
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - hCLP
N1  - Accession Number: 7823372; Han, Bong-Gyoon 1 Han, Minhua Sui, Haixin 1 Yaswen, Paul 1 Walian, Peter J. 1 Jap, Bing K.; Email Address: bkjap@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 521 Issue 1-3, p24; Subject Term: CALMODULIN; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calmodulin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: hCLP; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iyer, Rashi
AU  - Lehnert, Bruce E.
T1  - Low dose, low-LET ionizing radiation-induced radioadaptation and associated early responses in unirradiated cells
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/06/19/
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00275107
AB  - Numerous investigators have reported that irradiation of cells with a low dose of ionizing radiation (IR) can induce a condition of enhanced radioresistance, i.e. a radioadaptive response. In this report, we investigated the hypothesis that a radioadaptive bystander effect may be induced in unirradiated cells by a transmissible factor(s) present in the supernatants of cells exposed to low dose γ-rays. Normal human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) were irradiated with a 1 cGy dose of γ-rays and their supernatants were transferred to unirradiated HFL-1 as a bystander cell model. Compared with the directly irradiated cells, such treatment resulted in increased clonogenic survival following subsequent γ-irradiation with 2 and 4 Gy. This radioadaptive bystander effect was found to be preceded by early decreases in cellular levels of TP53 protein, increase in intracellular ROS, and increase in the redox and DNA repair protein AP-endonuclease (APE). The demonstration that radioadaptation can occur in unirradiated cells via a fluid-phase, transferable factor(s) adds to the complexity of the current understanding of mechanisms by which radioadaptive responses can be induced by low dose, low-LET IR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - CELLS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - γ
KW  - -rays
KW  - Adaptive response
KW  - AP-endonuclease
KW  - Bystander effects
KW  - Radioresistance
KW  - Reactive oxygen species
KW  - TP53
N1  - Accession Number: 7818514; Iyer, Rashi 1 Lehnert, Bruce E.; Email Address: lehnert@telomere.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, MS 888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: CELLS -- Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: -rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive response; Author-Supplied Keyword: AP-endonuclease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bystander effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive oxygen species; Author-Supplied Keyword: TP53; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barenboim, G.
AU  - Beacom, J.F.
AU  - Borissov, L.
AU  - Kayser, B.
T1  - CPT violation and the nature of neutrinos
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/06/20/
VL  - 537
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 03702693
AB  - In order to accommodate the neutrino oscillation signals from the solar, atmospheric, and LSND data, a sterile fourth neutrino is generally invoked, though the fits to the data are becoming more and more constrained. However, it has recently been shown that the data can be explained with only three neutrinos, if one invokes CPT violation to allow different masses and mixing angles for neutrinos and antineutrinos. We explore the nature of neutrinos in such CPT-violating scenarios. Majorana neutrino masses are allowed, but in general, there are no longer Majorana neutrinos in the conventional sense. However, CPT-violating models still have interesting consequences for neutrinoless double beta decay. Compared to the usual case, while the larger mass scale (from LSND) may appear, a greater degree of suppression can also occur. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - Double beta decay
KW  - Neutrino mass and mixing
N1  - Accession Number: 7822473; Barenboim, G. 1; Email Address: gabriela@fnal.gov Beacom, J.F. 2; Email Address: beacom@fnal.gov Borissov, L. 3; Email Address: liubo@phys.columbia.edu Kayser, B. 1; Email Address: boris@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA  2: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA  3: Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 537 Issue 3/4, p227; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double beta decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino mass and mixing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minakata, Hisakazu
AU  - Nunokawa, Hiroshi
AU  - Parke, Stephen
T1  - CP and T trajectory diagrams for a unified graphical representation of neutrino oscillations
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/06/20/
VL  - 537
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Recently the CP trajectory diagram was introduced to demonstrate the difference between the intrinsic CP violating effects to those induced by matter for neutrino oscillation. In this Letter we introduce the T trajectory diagram. In these diagrams the probability for a given oscillation process is plotted versus the probability for the CP- or the T-conjugate processes, which forms an ellipse as the CP- or T-violating phase is varied. Since the CP- and the T-conjugate processes are related by CPT symmetry, even in the presence of matter, these two trajectory diagrams are closely related with each other and form a unified description of neutrino oscillations in matter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
N1  - Accession Number: 7822476; Minakata, Hisakazu 1; Email Address: minakata@phys.metro-u.ac.jp Nunokawa, Hiroshi 2; Email Address: nunokawa@ift.unesp.br Parke, Stephen 3; Email Address: parke@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan  2: Instituto de Fısica Teórica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Pamplona 145, 01405-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil  3: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 537 Issue 3/4, p249; Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bolton, Eric K.
AU  - Sayler, Gary S.
AU  - Nivens, David E.
AU  - Rochelle, James M.
AU  - Ripp, Steven
AU  - Simpson, Michael L.
T1  - Integrated CMOS photodetectors and signal processing for very low-level chemical sensing with the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2002/06/20/
VL  - 85
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
SN  - 09254005
AB  - We report an integrated CMOS microluminometer optimized for the detection of low-level bioluminescence as part of the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit (BBIC). This microluminometer improves on previous devices through careful management of the sub-femtoampere currents, both signal and leakage, that flow in the front-end processing circuitry. In particular, the photodiode is operated with a reverse bias of only a few mV, requiring special attention to the reset circuitry of the current-to-frequency converter (CFC) that forms the front-end circuit. We report a sub-femtoampere leakage current and a minimum detectable signal (MDS) of 0.15 fA (1510 s integration time) using a room temperature 1.47 mm2 CMOS photodiode. This microluminometer can detect luminescence from as few as 5000 fully induced Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL bacterial cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - BIOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit (BBIC)
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - CMOS microluminometer
KW  - Low-level bioluminescence
KW  - Whole-cell sensors
N1  - Accession Number: 7812851; Bolton, Eric K. 1 Sayler, Gary S. 2 Nivens, David E. 2 Rochelle, James M. 1 Ripp, Steven 2 Simpson, Michael L. 1,2,3; Email Address: simpsonml1@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA  2: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA  3: Molecular-Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6006, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 85 Issue 1/2, p179; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: BIOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit (BBIC); Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMOS microluminometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-level bioluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Whole-cell sensors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rose, M.K.
AU  - Mitsui, T.
AU  - Dunphy, J.
AU  - Borg, A.
AU  - Ogletree, D.F.
AU  - Salmeron, M.
AU  - Sautet, P.
T1  - Ordered structures of CO on Pd(1 1 1) studied by STM
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/20/
VL  - 512
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The <f>(√ of <RCD>3</RCD></rad>×<rad><RCD>3</RCD>×√ of <RCD>3</RCD>)</f>R30<f>°</f>, c(<f>4×2</f>)-2CO, (<f>2×2</f>)-3CO, and several intermediate coverage structures of CO on Pd(1 1 1) have been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. Shifts of the CO binding site with increasing coverage are observed. At coverages of 1/3 ML and below, CO occupies threefold hollow sites. Near 1/2 ML, regions of c(<f>4×2</f>)-CO with both fcc and hcp threefold hollow site occupation coexist with bridge bonded c(<f>4×2</f>)-CO. Above 1/2 ML, a progression of ordered phases with complex unit cells is observed. Near 3/4 ML, bright maxima appear with <f>(2×2)</f> periodicity. Simulated images based on the density functional theory optimized geometry indicate that these highly corrugated maxima are due to CO molecules bound to top sites, which obscure the other two CO molecules per unit cell. In addition to the symmetric <f>2×2</f> structure, previously unreported domains of lower symmetry <f>2×2</f> are observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - CHEMISORPTION
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7822298; Rose, M.K. 1,2 Mitsui, T. 1 Dunphy, J. 1 Borg, A. 1,3 Ogletree, D.F. 1 Salmeron, M. 1; Email Address: salmeron@stm.lbl.gov Sautet, P. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, Norwegian Institute of Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway  4: Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, Villeurbanne Cedex 69626, France  5: Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 512 Issue 1/2, p48; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: CHEMISORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ledieu, J.
AU  - Dhanak, V.R.
AU  - Diehl, R.D.
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
AU  - Delaney, D.W.
AU  - McGrath, R.
T1  - Sulphur adsorption on the fivefold surface of the i-Al–Pd–Mn quasicrystal
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/20/
VL  - 512
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The adsorption of sulphur on the fivefold flat-terraced surface of the icosahedral Al–Pd–Mn quasicrystal (i-Al–Pd–Mn) has been studied using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), Auger electron spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). Surface EXAFS data collected by Auger electron yield from the S saturated surface give average bond lengths for S–Al and S–Pd of <f>2.10±0.06</f> and <f>2.40±0.06</f> A˚ respectively. The data indicate that single-site adsorption on the unreconstructed surface may be ruled out; this is consistent with near-edge EXAFS data and the disappearance of the LEED pattern upon adsorption of sub-monolayer amounts of S. The implication of this finding is that adsorbate-induced reconstruction and/or multiple-site adsorption occurs in this system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW energy electron diffraction
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - Alloys
KW  - and topography
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 7822301; Ledieu, J. 1 Dhanak, V.R. 1 Diehl, R.D. 2 Lograsso, T.A. 3 Delaney, D.W. 3 McGrath, R. 4; Email Address: mcgrath@liv.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Surface Science Research Centre, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK  2: Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  4: Department of Physics and Surface Science Research Centre, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 512 Issue 1/2, p77; Subject Term: LOW energy electron diffraction; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Zhipeng
AU  - Song, Zhen
AU  - Liu, Gang
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
AU  - Hrbek, Jan
T1  - Synthesis, electronic and chemical properties of MoO<f>x</f> clusters on Au(1 1 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/20/
VL  - 512
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L353
SN  - 00396028
AB  - A novel procedure for the synthesis of molybdenum oxide nanoparticles has been developed. Mo nanoparticles were prepared on Au(1 1 1) by dissociation of Mo(CO)<f>6</f> molecules at 500 K. These Mo nanoparticles were found inactive towards oxygen according to results of synchrotron-based high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). There was no sign of molybdenum oxide formation after an exposure to 150 L of oxygen at 300–850 K. However, these Mo nanoparticles can be oxidized by reaction with NO<f>2</f> at 500 K to form molybdenum oxides, MoO<f>2</f> or MoO<f>3</f>. The stability of the MoO<f>3</f> particles upon annealing was further investigated by PES. The fully oxidized MoO<f>3</f> clusters do not react with ethylene. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - Gold
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - Molybdenum oxides
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7822290; Chang, Zhipeng 1 Song, Zhen 1 Liu, Gang 1 Rodriguez, José A. Hrbek, Jan 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 555A, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 512 Issue 1/2, pL353; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, X.R.
AU  - Xiao, Xudong
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Apparent anomalous prefactor enhancement for surface diffusion due to surface defects
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/20/
VL  - 512
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L361
SN  - 00396028
AB  - A survey of the literature on surface diffusion measurements reveals that anomalous prefactor enhancement is frequently observed using techniques involving macroscopic spatial averaging, but rarely using atomic-scale probes. Based on a simple but generic model, we show that the microscopic origin for this puzzling anomaly can be attributed to the effects of surface defects. Specifically, surface diffusion parallel to steps can have apparent anomalous prefactors, even though the actual atomic hopping either on the terraces or along the steps is executed only with normal attempt frequencies. We also provides a quantitative interpretation of the recently observed prefactor enhancement for CO diffusion on Pt(1 1 1). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
KW  - Stepped single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 7822291; Wang, X.R. 1 Xiao, Xudong 1; Email Address: phxudong@ust.cn Zhang, Zhenyu 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Knowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6032, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 512 Issue 1/2, pL361; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stepped single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sterne, P.A.
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, P.
AU  - Howell, R.H.
T1  - Atomic-based calculations of two-detector Doppler-broadening spectra
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 194
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We present a simplified approach for calculating Doppler-broadening spectra based purely on atomic calculations. This approach avoids the need for detailed atomic positions, and can provide the characteristic Doppler-broadening momentum spectra for any element. We demonstrate the power of this method by comparing theory and experiment for a number of elemental metals and alkali halides. In the alkali halides, the annihilation appears to be entirely with halide electrons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DOPPLER effect
KW  - ALKALI metal halides
KW  - Alkali halides
KW  - Doppler-broadening spectra
KW  - Enhancement
KW  - Momentum density
N1  - Accession Number: 7841421; Sterne, P.A.; Email Address: sterne@llnl.gov Asoka-Kumar, P. 1 Howell, R.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-280 LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 194 Issue 1-4, p71; Subject Term: DOPPLER effect; Subject Term: ALKALI metal halides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkali halides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doppler-broadening spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enhancement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Momentum density; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, P.
AU  - Howell, R.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Sterne, P.A.
AU  - Wirth, B.D.
AU  - Dauskardt, R.H.
AU  - Flores, K.M.
AU  - Suh, D.
AU  - Odette, G.R.
T1  - Opportunities for materials characterization using high-energy positron beams
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 194
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 160
SN  - 01694332
AB  - This review will summarize current positron research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(LLNL) using high-energy positron beams. We are combining positron lifetime and orbital electron momentum spectroscopic methods with theoretical simulations to provide a better understanding of positron annihilation behavior in materials. Topics covered include correlation of positron annihilation characteristics with structural and mechanical properties of bulk metallic glass and compositional studies of embrittling features in reactor pressure vessel steels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRON beams
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - Copper-rich precipitates
KW  - High-energy positron beams
KW  - Orbital electron momentum spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 7841438; Asoka-Kumar, P. 1; Email Address: asoka@llnl.gov Howell, R. 1 Nieh, T.G. 1 Sterne, P.A. 1 Wirth, B.D. 1 Dauskardt, R.H. 2 Flores, K.M. 2 Suh, D. 2 Odette, G.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail Stop: L-280, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  3: University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 194 Issue 1-4, p160; Subject Term: POSITRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper-rich precipitates; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-energy positron beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orbital electron momentum spectra; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Jun
AU  - Moxom, Jeremy
AU  - Yang, Shu
AU  - Suzuki, R.
AU  - Ohdaira, T.
T1  - Porosity in porous methyl-silsesquioxane (MSQ) films
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 194
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 01694332
AB  - An ideal porous methyl-silsesquioxane (MSQ) film for low-k dielectrics would consist of a network of small, closed pores with homogeneous size distribution. In this work, we studied the pore size and interconnectivity between pores for porous MSQ films templated with various types of triblock copolymers (pore generator) using positrons by measuring ortho-positronium (o-Ps) 3γ emission, Doppler broadening of annihilation photons (DBAP), and o-Ps lifetimes. Results show that the depth profiles of the pore structure depend on the molecular mass of pore generators. DBAP measurements show an interfacial layer between the porous films and the Si substrate, which is believed to be the native oxide on the Si wafer surface. Our results suggest the counter intuitive interpretation that porous MSQ films templated by triblock copolymers with larger molecular-mass have smaller and more closed pores, while those with smaller molecular mass and lower ethylene oxide fractions tend to contain larger and more-interconnected pores. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - Copolymers
KW  - Low-k dielectrics
KW  - Methyl-silsesquioxane
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Positron
KW  - Positronium
N1  - Accession Number: 7841442; Xu, Jun 1; Email Address: yxn@ornl.gov Moxom, Jeremy 1 Yang, Shu 2 Suzuki, R. 3 Ohdaira, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142, USA  2: Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA  3: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 194 Issue 1-4, p189; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copolymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-k dielectrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methyl-silsesquioxane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positronium; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pajunen, Maria I.
AU  - Elizondo, Michael R.
AU  - Skurnik, Mikael
AU  - Kieleczawa, Jan
AU  - Molineux, Ian J.
T1  - Complete Nucleotide Sequence and Likely Recombinatorial Origin of Bacteriophage T3
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 319
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1115
SN  - 00222836
AB  - We report the complete genome sequence (38,208 bp) of bacteriophage T3 and provide a bioinformatic comparative analysis with other completely sequenced members of the T7 group of phages. This comparison suggests that T3 has evolved from a recombinant between a T7-like coliphage and a yersiniophage. To assess this, recombination between T7 and the Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3 phage φYeO3-12 was accomplished in vivo; coliphage progeny from this cross were selected that had many biological properties of T3. This represents the first experimentally observed recombination between lytic phages whose normal hosts are different bacterial genera. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGES
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - bacteriophage T3
KW  - ds, double-stranded
KW  - evolution
KW  - gp, gene product
KW  - LPS, lipopolysaccharide
KW  - nucleotide sequence
KW  - ORF, open reading frame
KW  - palindromic sequences
KW  - RBS, ribosome-binding sequence
KW  - recombination
KW  - RNAP, RNA polymerase
KW  - RNase III, ribonuclease III
KW  - SAMase, S-adenosylmethionine hydrolase
KW  - SRL, left short repeats
KW  - SRR, right short repeats
KW  - TR, terminal repeat/repetition
KW  - YeO3, Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3
N1  - Accession Number: 9426489; Pajunen, Maria I. 1; Email Address: maria.pajunen@helsinki.fi Elizondo, Michael R. 2 Skurnik, Mikael 1 Kieleczawa, Jan 3 Molineux, Ian J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland  2: Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-1095, USA  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 319 Issue 5, p1115; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: BACTERIOPHAGES; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: bacteriophage T3; Author-Supplied Keyword: ds, double-stranded; Author-Supplied Keyword: evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: gp, gene product; Author-Supplied Keyword: LPS, lipopolysaccharide; Author-Supplied Keyword: nucleotide sequence; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORF, open reading frame; Author-Supplied Keyword: palindromic sequences; Author-Supplied Keyword: RBS, ribosome-binding sequence; Author-Supplied Keyword: recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNAP, RNA polymerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNase III, ribonuclease III; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAMase, S-adenosylmethionine hydrolase; Author-Supplied Keyword: SRL, left short repeats; Author-Supplied Keyword: SRR, right short repeats; Author-Supplied Keyword: TR, terminal repeat/repetition; Author-Supplied Keyword: YeO3, Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mao, Rihua
AU  - Qu, Xiangdong
AU  - Ren, Guohao
AU  - Shen, Dingzhong
AU  - Stoll, Sean
AU  - Woody, Craig
AU  - Yin, Zhiwen
AU  - Zhang, Liyuan
AU  - Zhu, Ren-Yuan
T1  - New types of lead tungstate crystals with high light yield
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 486
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 196
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Because of their high stopping power and fast scintillation, lead tungstate crystals have attracted much attention in the high energy physics and nuclear physics communities. The use of lead tungstate, however, is limited by its low light output. An effort has been made at the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics to improve this. The results indicate that a factor of ten increase of the light output, mainly in the microsecond decay component, may be achieved. The photo luminescence spectrum, light output and decay kinetics of new samples are presented. Longitudinal uniformity of a sample of 22 radiation lengths is studied. Possible applications for calorimetry in high energy and nuclear physics experiments are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - TUNGSTATES
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Lead tungstate
KW  - Light output
KW  - Scintillation
N1  - Accession Number: 7830789; Mao, Rihua 1 Qu, Xiangdong 2 Ren, Guohao 1 Shen, Dingzhong 1 Stoll, Sean 3 Woody, Craig 3 Yin, Zhiwen 1 Zhang, Liyuan 2 Zhu, Ren-Yuan 2; Email Address: zhu@hep.caltech.edu; Affiliation:  1: Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China  2: California Instiute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 486 Issue 1/2, p196; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: TUNGSTATES; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead tungstate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light output; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Derenzo, Stephen E.
AU  - Weber, Marvin J.
AU  - Klintenberg, Mattias K.
T1  - Temperature dependence of the fast, near-band-edge scintillation from CuI, HgI2, PbI2, ZnO:Ga and CdS:In
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 486
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present temperature-dependent pulsed X-ray data on the decay time spectra, wavelengths, and intensities of fast (ns) radiative recombination in five direct, wide-bandgap semiconductors: CuI, HgI2, PbI2, and n-doped ZnO:Ga and CdS:In. At 12 K the luminosity of powder samples is 0.30, 1.6, 0.40, 2.0, and 0.15, respectively, relative to that of BGO powder at room temperature. Increasing the temperature of CuI to 346 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 300 while decreasing the fwhm of the decay time spectra from 0.20 to 0.11 ns. Increasing the temperature of HgI2 to 102 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 53 while decreasing the fwhm from 1.6 to 0.5 ns. Increasing the temperature of PbI2 to 165 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 27 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.52 to 0.15 ns. Increasing the temperature of ZnO:Ga to 365 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 33 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.41 to 0.21 ns. Increasing the temperature of CdS:In to 295 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 30 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.20 to 0.17 ns. All emission wavelengths are near the band edge. The luminosities decrease much faster than the radiative lifetimes, therefore, the reduction in luminosity is not primarily due to thermal quenching of the excited states, but mostly due to thermally activated trapping of charge carriers on nonradiative recombination centers. Since the radiative and nonradiative processes occur on different centers, increasing the ratio of radiative to nonradiative centers could result in a class of inorganic scintillators whose decay time and radiative efficiency would approach fundamental limits (i.e. <1 ns and 100 000 photons/MeV). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIDE gap semiconductors
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - Near-band-edge emission
KW  - Temperature-dependent scintillation
KW  - Wide band-gap semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 7830792; Derenzo, Stephen E. 1; Email Address: sederenzo@lbl.gov Weber, Marvin J. 1 Klintenberg, Mattias K. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail Stop 55-121, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, Uppsala Univeristy, Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 486 Issue 1/2, p214; Subject Term: WIDE gap semiconductors; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Near-band-edge emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature-dependent scintillation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wide band-gap semiconductors; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wisniewski, D.
AU  - Tavernier, S.
AU  - Wojtowicz, A.J.
AU  - Wisniewska, M.
AU  - Bruyndonckx, P.
AU  - Dorenbos, P.
AU  - van Loef, E.
AU  - van Eijk, C.W.E.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
T1  - LuPO4:Nd and YPO4:Nd—new promising VUV scintillation materials
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 486
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
SN  - 01689002
AB  - LuPO4:Nd and YPO4:Nd represent new and very fast potential scintillator materials. For most types of ionizing excitation, the luminescence of these materials is dominated by an emission band whose maximum intensity occurs at ∼192 nm. The origin of this band is the fast 5d–4f transitions of the Nd3+ ions. An additional emission contribution due to host-defect emission varies for different samples. These defects appear to be responsible for the limited light yield of LuPO4:Nd. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - d–f emission
KW  - Nd3+
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - VUV emission
N1  - Accession Number: 7830798; Wisniewski, D. 1; Email Address: dwisniew@hep.iihe.ac.be Tavernier, S. 1 Wojtowicz, A.J. 2 Wisniewska, M. 1,2 Bruyndonckx, P. 1 Dorenbos, P. 3 van Loef, E. 3 van Eijk, C.W.E. 3 Boatner, L.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Inter-University Institute For High Energies, Vrije University of Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium  2: Institute of Physics, N. Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland  3: Faculty of Applied Physics, Delft University of Technology, IRI, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6056 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6056, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 486 Issue 1/2, p239; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: d–f emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nd3+; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: VUV emission; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klintenberg, Mattias
AU  - Derenzo, Stephen E.
AU  - Weber, Marvin J.
T1  - Potential scintillators identified by electronic structure calculations
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 486
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 298
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A systematic study of several hundred inorganic crystal structures has been performed by means of electronic structure calculations with the goal of finding potential new scintillator materials for synthesis and testing. All X-ray or neutron diffraction measurements of crystals containing one or more of the elements Tl, Hg, Pb or Bi and with a Bravais lattice being either cubic-, orthorhombic-, tetragonal-primitive or hexagonal were extracted from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database. A Full-Potential Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital implementation with an LDA exchange-correlation energy functional was used for solving the electronic structure. The data was analyzed for density, photoelectric fraction at 511 keV, direct/indirect band gap, LDA band gap energy, energy dispersion, bandwidths, degree of covalency, etc. Preliminary results are presented for a number of representative materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - Electronic structure calculations
KW  - Inorganic crystals
KW  - Scintillation
KW  - Semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 7830813; Klintenberg, Mattias 1,2; Email Address: mkklintenberg@lbl.gov Derenzo, Stephen E. 1 Weber, Marvin J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 55-121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 486 Issue 1/2, p298; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inorganic crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mengesha, W.
AU  - Taulbee, T.D.
AU  - Valentine, J.D.
AU  - Rooney, B.D.
T1  - Gd2SiO5(Ce3+) and BaF2 measured electron and photon responses
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 486
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 448
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Gd2SiO5(Ce3+) (GSO) and BaF2 electron responses were measured using the Compton Coincidence Technique (CCT). The CCT has previously been used to characterize several scintillators and has proven to be an accurate and reliable technique. The measured GSO electron response was observed to increase by 28% as the electron energy increased from 5 to 445 keV. The measured BaF2 electron response increased 23% as the electron energy increased from 18 to 436 keV. Both electron responses become linear at higher electron energies (above about 200 keV). These observations made with GSO and BaF2 in this study are consistent with the general trend reported for previous CCT characterized non-alkali halide scintillators. To validate the GSO and BaF2 measured electron responses, respective photon responses were calculated and subsequently compared to measured photon response data. MCNP4C together with simplified electron cascade sequences for GSO and BaF2 were used in these photon responses calculations. Calculated photon responses for both crystals are in good agreement (within 10%) with measured photon responses. This agreement confirms the accuracy of the GSO and BaF2 measured electron responses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - Electron response
KW  - Non-proportionality
KW  - Photon response
N1  - Accession Number: 7830844; Mengesha, W. 1; Email Address: gt7875a@prism.gatech.edu Taulbee, T.D. 2 Valentine, J.D. 1 Rooney, B.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, 900 Atlantic Dr., 30332-0435 Atlanta, GA, USA  2: Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Nuclear Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 486 Issue 1/2, p448; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-proportionality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon response; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheikh-Ali, A.D.
AU  - Molodov, D.A.
AU  - Garmestani, H.
T1  - Magnetically induced texture development in zinc alloy sheet
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/06/21/
VL  - 46
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 857
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Highly textured Zn–1.1%Al sheet was annealed in a direct-current magnetic field of 25.5 MA/m. Depending on the orientation to the field the texture components strengthened, retained their original intensity or disappeared. The results obtained are interpreted in terms of magnetically induced selective grain growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL texture
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - Boundary migration
KW  - Grain growth
KW  - Magnetic susceptibility
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 7805552; Sheikh-Ali, A.D. 1; Email Address: sheikh@magnet.fsu.edu Molodov, D.A. 2 Garmestani, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Micromechanics of Materials, FSU-National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA  2: Institut für Metallkunde und Metallphysik, RWTH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 46 Issue 12, p857; Subject Term: CRYSTAL texture; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boundary migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buttler, W.T.
AU  - Torgerson, J.R.
AU  - Lamoreaux, S.K.
T1  - New, efficient and robust, fiber-based quantum key distribution schemes
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/06/24/
VL  - 299
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We present a highly efficient, new fiber-based quantum key distribution scheme which can be regarded as a modification of an idea proposed by Inoue, Waks and Yamamoto. The scheme described here uses a single phase modulator and two series-delay elements at the transmitter that form an interferometer when combined with a third delay element at the receiver. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHASE modulation
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - 03.67.Dd
N1  - Accession Number: 7830883; Buttler, W.T.; Email Address: buttler@lanl.gov Torgerson, J.R. 1 Lamoreaux, S.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 299 Issue 1, p38; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHASE modulation; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.67.Dd; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scannapieco, Anthony J.
AU  - Cheng, Baolian
T1  - A multifluid interpenetration mix model
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/06/24/
VL  - 299
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 03759601
AB  - In this Letter, we derive a set of multifluid moment equations with and without internal and external fields from the collisional Boltzmann equation in a self-consistent manner. The new equations are mathematically closed and physically consistent with one free parameter, contained in a phenomenological closure for the collisional frequency and to be determined by experimental data. The new equations provide a theoretical foundation for a large fraction of phenomenological mix models. They contain all the physical terms, particularly the terms associated with the Reynolds stress due to both species interpenetrations and random chaotic motions. Under certain assumptions, the new model equations successfully reduce to the other mix models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 7830886; Scannapieco, Anthony J. 1 Cheng, Baolian; Email Address: bcheng@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 299 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Im, Jaemo
AU  - Auciello, O.
AU  - Streiffer, S.K.
T1  - Layered (BaxSr1−x)Ti1+yO3+z thin films for high frequency tunable devices
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/06/24/
VL  - 413
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Low dielectric loss and high electrical breakdown fields, in conjunction with an application-specific permittivity response, are simultaneous requirements for (BaxSr1-x)Ti1+yO3+z thin films. This has proved problematic, in that synthesis conditions which tend to reduce dielectric loss also tend to reduce zero-bias permittivity and electric-field tunability of the permittivity, thereby necessitating undesired compromises in overall performance for some applications. In order to address this problem of simultaneous optimization, we fabricated BST thin films with very low dielectric loss, Ti-rich BST layers ((Ba+Sr)/Ti=0.73) at the electrode/BST interfaces, in series with a primary, high tunability, high permittivity BST layer ((Ba+Sr)/Ti=0.9) in the center of this layered BST structure. Planar capacitors fabricated from the BST films exhibit low dielectric loss (tan δ=0.005) simultaneously with high (76%) tunability at room temperature and high breakdown fields (∼4 MV/cm), compared with capacitors with a single BST layer ((Ba+Sr/Ti=0.9). Post annealing of the layered BST films at 800 °C further improved dielectric loss down to 0.003, while keeping the high tunability and high breakdown field of the as-deposited films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - BARIUM
KW  - Barium oxide
KW  - Dielectric properties
KW  - Multilayers
KW  - Sputtering
N1  - Accession Number: 7838363; Im, Jaemo; Email Address: jaemo@agere.com Auciello, O. 1 Streiffer, S.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 413 Issue 1/2, p243; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: BARIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Barium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rozen, Daniel E.
AU  - de Visser, J. Arjan G.M.
AU  - Gerrish, Philip J.
T1  - Fitness Effects of Fixed Beneficial Mutations in Microbial Populations
JO  - Current Biology
JF  - Current Biology
Y1  - 2002/06/25/
VL  - 12
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1040
SN  - 09609822
AB  - Beneficial mutations are intuitively relevant to understanding adaptation , yet not all beneficial mutations are of consequence to the long-term evolutionary outcome of adaptation. Many beneficial mutations—mostly those of small effect—are lost due either to (1) genetic drift  or to (2) competition among clones carrying different beneficial mutations, a phenomenon called the “Hill-Robertson effect” for sexual populations  and “clonal interference” for asexual populations . Competition among clones becomes more prevalent with increasing genetic linkage and increasing population size, and it is thus generally characteristic of microbial populations . Together, these two phenomena suggest that only those beneficial mutations of large fitness effect should achieve fixation, despite the fact that most beneficial mutations produced are predicted to have very small fitness effects . Here, we confirm this prediction—both empirically and theoretically—by showing that fitness effects of fixed beneficial mutations follow a distribution whose mode is positive. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Biology is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 7846366; Rozen, Daniel E. 1,2 de Visser, J. Arjan G.M. 1,3 Gerrish, Philip J. 4,5; Email Address: pgerrish@yahoo.com; Affiliation:  1: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA  2: MSI/WTB Complex, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom  3: Department of Genetics, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands  4: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA  5: Programa de Investigación, en Matemáticas Aplicadas, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Number 152, Colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacán, Mexico, D.F. 07730, Mexico; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 12 Issue 12, p1040; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhong, Wenwan
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - Multiplexed capillary electrophoresis for DNA sequencing with ultra violet absorption detection
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2002/06/25/
VL  - 960
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 00219673
AB  - DNA sequencing is performed in a multiplexed capillary electrophoresis system by UV absorption detection. Four individual electropherograms are obtained by simultaneously running the unlabeled DNA products of the four ddNTP-terminated reactions in the capillary array. The sequence of the template used in the cycle-sequencing reaction can be determined by overlaying the four electropherograms. Two internal standards are employed to adjust for the variance in migration times among the capillaries. After applying the correction algorithm, base calling can be done at a high level of confidence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Capillary electrophoresis
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 8563073; Zhong, Wenwan 1; Yeung, Edward S.; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliations: 1: Ames Laboratory–USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 332 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Issue Info: Jun2002, Vol. 960 Issue 1/2, p229; Subject Term: Nucleotide sequence; Subject Term: Capillary electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, Erdal
AU  - Hascicek, Yusuf S.
T1  - In situ hot-stage ESEM evaluation of CeO2 buffer layers on Ni tapes for YBCO coated conductors
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/06/25/
VL  - 94
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 176
SN  - 09215107
AB  - CeO2 coatings have been prepared on Ni tapes from solutions derived from Ce-based precursors using a sol–gel method for YBCO coated conductors. The surface morphology and structure of coatings were characterized using in situ Hot-Stage Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Crack size and crack propagation rate of these coatings were determined using in situ Hot-Stage ESEM depending on temperature at certain time. It has been found that the size and propagation rate of cracks of these coatings increased with increasing process temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - Buffer layers and YBCO
KW  - CeO2
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 7817198; Celik, Erdal 1,2; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Hascicek, Yusuf S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 94 Issue 2/3, p176; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer layers and YBCO; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raschke, M.B.
AU  - Hayashi, M.
AU  - Lin, S.H.
AU  - Shen, Y.R.
T1  - Doubly-resonant sum-frequency generation spectroscopy for surface studies
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/06/27/
VL  - 359
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Doubly-resonant infrared–visible sum-frequency generation (DR-SFG) as a two-dimensional surface spectroscopy was demonstrated experimentally for the first time. Probing electronic and vibrational transitions of a surface molecular monolayer simultaneously, the technique gives access to information about the electron-vibration coupling of the surface molecules. It allows selective studies of any interface accessible by light. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - PROBES (Electronic instruments)
KW  - RESONANT vibration
N1  - Accession Number: 7841615; Raschke, M.B. 1,2; Email Address: raschke@mbi-berlin.de Hayashi, M. 3 Lin, S.H. 4 Shen, Y.R. 1,2; Email Address: shenyr@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan, University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC  4: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 359 Issue 5/6, p367; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: PROBES (Electronic instruments); Subject Term: RESONANT vibration; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curtiss, Larry A.
AU  - Redfern, Paul C.
AU  - Raghavachari, Krishnan
AU  - Pople, John A.
T1  - Gaussian-3X (G3X) theory using coupled cluster and Brueckner energies
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/06/27/
VL  - 359
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 390
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Variations of Gaussian-3X (G3X) theory are presented having the quadratic configuration interaction (QCISD(T)) energy calculation replaced by either a coupled cluster (CCSD(T)) or Brueckner (BD(T)) energy. This modification is reported for several G3X methods including G3X, G3X(MP3), G3X(MP2), G3SX, and G3SX(MP3). In most cases the replacement of the QCISD(T) energy by one of these alternative energies results in a slight improvement in the accuracy of these methods as assessed on the G3/99 test set of molecules. These new G3X methods are useful alternatives to the G3X methods based on quadratic configuration interaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - COUPLED mode theory (Wave-motion)
KW  - QUADRATIC differentials
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
N1  - Accession Number: 7841618; Curtiss, Larry A. 1; Email Address: curtiss@anl.gov Redfern, Paul C. 1 Raghavachari, Krishnan 2 Pople, John A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Chemistry Technology Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4828, USA  2: Chemistry Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  3: Chemistry Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 359 Issue 5/6, p390; Subject Term: COUPLED mode theory (Wave-motion); Subject Term: QUADRATIC differentials; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arnowitt, R.
AU  - Dutta, B.
AU  - Kamon, T.
AU  - Tanaka, M.
T1  - Detection of <f>Bs→μ+μ−</f> at the tevatron Run II and constraints on the SUSY parameter space
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/06/27/
VL  - 538
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A measurement of the branching ratio for the rare decay mode <f>Bs→μ+μ−</f> at the Tevatron is an opportunity to test various supersymmetric scenarios. We investigate the prospects for studying this mode in Run II and estimate that CDF would be sensitive to this decay for a branching ratio <f>>1.2×10−8</f> with <f>15 fb−1</f> (or, if a similar analysis holds for D0, <f>>6.5×10−9</f> for the combined data). We calculate the branching ratio in minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) parameter space, and find that <f>tanβ>30</f> can be probed. (This mSUGRA parameter space cannot be probed by direct production of SUSY particles at Run II.) Including other experimental constraints on the mSUGRA parameter space, one finds that CDF <f>Bs→μ+μ−</f> measurements would be able to cover the full mSUGRA parameter space for <f>tanβ=50</f> if the muon <f>gμ−2</f> anomaly exceeds <f>∼11×10−10</f>, and about half the allowed parameter space for <f>tanβ=40</f>. A large branching ratio <f>>7(14)×10−8</f> (feasible with only <f>2 fb−1</f>) would be sufficient to exclude the mSUGRA model for <f>tanβ&les;50(55)</f>. Dark matter neutralino–proton detection cross sections are examined in the allowed region, and should be large enough to be accessible to future planned experiments. Combined measurements of <f>Bs→μ+μ−</f>, the Higgs mass <f>mh</f> and the muon <f>gμ−2</f> anomaly would be sufficient to determine the <f>μ>0</f> mSUGRA parameters (or show the model is inconsistent with the data). We also briefly discuss the <f>Bs→μ+μ−</f> decay in R-parity violating models. There, for some models, the branching ratio can be large enough to be detected even for small <f>tanβ</f> and large <f>m1/2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DECAY schemes (Radioactivity)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 7826811; Arnowitt, R. 1 Dutta, B. 1; Email Address: b-dutta@rainbow.physics.tamu.edu Kamon, T. 1 Tanaka, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4242, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 538 Issue 1/2, p121; Subject Term: DECAY schemes (Radioactivity); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duckham, A.
AU  - Engler, O.
AU  - Knutsen, R.D.
T1  - Moderation of the recrystallization texture by nucleation at copper-type shear bands in Al-1Mg
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/06/28/
VL  - 50
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2881
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The critical dependency of copper type shear band formation on deformation variables in Al-1Mg has been described (Acta mater., 49 (2001) 2739). The influence of copper type shear bands on recrystallization behaviour during post-deformation annealing in Al-1Mg is now discussed. Local orientation measurements and orientation images of grains nucleating at shear bands have been made using the electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. Bulk recrystallization texture is investigated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Shear bands are shown to be potent nucleation sites during annealing and a weak, almost random, texture associated with nucleation at shear bands has been inferred. Most significantly, shear band formation is found to have a pronounced moderating influence on the strength of the potentially dominant cube component of the recrystallization texture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - COPPER
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - Aluminium
KW  - Recrystallization
KW  - Shear bands
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 7829067; Duckham, A. 1; Email Address: duckham@jhu.edu Engler, O. 2 Knutsen, R.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Centre for Materials Engineering, University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division (MST-8), 87545 Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 50 Issue 11, p2881; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recrystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear bands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lucadamo, G.
AU  - Medlin, D.L.
T1  - Dislocation emission at junctions between <f>Σ=3</f> grain boundaries in gold thin films
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/06/28/
VL  - 50
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3045
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The interaction of dislocations with grain boundary junctions plays an important role during plastic deformation and stress relaxation in polycrystalline thin films. In the present work, arrays of secondary grain boundary dislocations (SGBDs) and their behavior at junctions between orthogonal <f>Σ=3{111} and Σ=3{112}</f> grain boundaries in Au thin films have been studied using room temperature and in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Through diffraction contrast experiments, we find that these dislocations have Burgers vectors of the type <f>a/6<fen><cp type="lang" STYLE="S">112<cp type="rang" STYLE="S"></fen></f>. In situ TEM experiments conducted at elevated temperature show that the arrays of SGBDs on {111} twin planes originate in the {112} boundaries where they accommodate a small rotational misorientation from the exact coincident-site-lattice (CSL) orientation. We propose that the discontinuous distribution of SGBDs in the {112} boundary produces a climb stress that drives the dislocation motion. As the dislocations in the grain boundary increase their separation, the climb stress and the misorientation between grains is reduced. To test the plausibility of this explanation, we consider the balance between the reduction in energy due to motion in response to the climb stress and the increase in energy due to the lengthening of dislocation line on the {111} twin plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Grain boundaries
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
KW  - Twin
N1  - Accession Number: 7829079; Lucadamo, G.; Email Address: galucad@sandia.gov Medlin, D.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thin Film and Interface Science Department, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jun2002, Vol. 50 Issue 11, p3045; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Twin; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Keni
AU  - Woodbury, Allan D.
T1  - A Krylov finite element approach for multi-species contaminant transport in discretely fractured porous media
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 25
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Simulation of non-ideal transport of multi-species solutes in fractured porous media can easily introduce hundreds of thousand to millions of unknowns. In this paper, a Krylov finite element method, the Arnoldi reduction method (ARM), for solving these type problems has been introduced. The Arnoldi reduction technique uses orthogonal matrix transformations to reduce each of the aforementioned coupled systems to much smaller size. In order to speed convergence of the Arnoldi process, an eigenvalue shift in each finite element system is introduced. This approach greatly improves the diagonal dominant properties of the matrices to be solved. This property leads to great enhancement of the iterative solution and the convergence rate for Arnoldi reduction process. In addition, the use of the eigenvalue shift technique greatly relaxes the grid Peclet restrictions. Courant number criteria restrictions are also effectively removed. We utilize an ORTHOMIN procedure to carry out the equation system reductions for discrete fractured media. The proposed numerical method has been verified by comparison against analytical solutions. The developed model is highly efficient in computing time and storage space. Simulations of radioactive decay chain and trichloroethylene transport are made and compared to the Laplace transform Galerkin (LTG) method where appropriate. Examples with about one million unknowns are solved on personal computers and shown that the ARM is even more efficient than the LTG method, by allowing for similar speed increases with multi-components. Therefore, the Arnoldi approach will allow for a variety of complex, high-resolution problems to be solved on small computer platforms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - Arnoldi reduction
KW  - Discrete fracture approach
KW  - Fractured media
KW  - Krylov subspace
KW  - Laplace transform Galerkin
KW  - Multi-species
N1  - Accession Number: 8545189; Zhang, Keni 1; Email Address: kzhang@lbl.gov Woodbury, Allan D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Civil and Geological Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 3V5; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 25 Issue 7, p705; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Arnoldi reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete fracture approach; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Krylov subspace; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace transform Galerkin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-species; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faybishenko, Boris
T1  - Chaotic dynamics in flow through unsaturated fractured media
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 25
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 793
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Predictions of flow and transport within fractured rock in the vadose zone cannot be made without first characterizing the physics of unstable flow phenomena in unsaturated fractures. This paper introduces a new approach for studying complex flow processes in heterogeneous fractured media, using the methods of nonlinear dynamics and chaos<f>––</f>in particular reconstructing the system dynamics and calculating chaotic diagnostic parameters from time-series data. To demonstrate the application of chaotic analysis, this author analyzed the time-series pressure fluctuations from two water–air flow experiments conducted by Persoff and Pruess [Water Resour. Res. 31 (1995) 1175] in replicas of rough-walled rock fractures under controlled boundary conditions. This analysis showed that chaotic flow in fractures creates relaxational oscillations of liquid, gas, and capillary pressures. These pressure oscillations were used to calculate the diagnostic parameters of deterministic chaos, including correlation time, global embedding dimension, local embedding dimension, Lyapunov dimension, Lyapunov exponents, and correlation dimension. The results of the Persoff–Pruess experiments were then compared with the chaotic analysis of laboratory dripping-water experiments in fracture models and field-infiltration experiments in fractured basalt. This comparison allowed us to conjecture that intrinsic fracture flow and dripping, as well as extrinsic water dripping (from a fracture) subjected to a capillary-barrier effect, are deterministic-chaotic processes with a certain random component. The unsaturated fractured rock is a dynamic system that exhibits chaotic behavior because the flow processes are nonlinear, dissipative, and sensitive to initial conditions, with chaotic fluctuations generated by intrinsic properties of the system, not random external factors. Identifying a system as deterministically chaotic is important for developing appropriate short- and long-term prediction models, evaluating prediction uncertainty, assessing the spatial distribution of flow characteristics from time-series data, and improving chemical-transport simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ROCKS -- Analysis
KW  - ZONE of aeration
N1  - Accession Number: 8545196; Faybishenko, Boris 1; Email Address: bfay@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 90-1116, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 25 Issue 7, p793; Subject Term: ROCKS -- Analysis; Subject Term: ZONE of aeration; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Alan B.
T1  - <atl>The interaction of fast neutrons with hafnium
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1241
SN  - 03064549
AB  - Elemental hafnium neutron total cross sections are measured from ≈0.75 to 4.5 MeV in steps of ≈40 keV. Differential neutron elastic-scattering cross sections are measured from ≈4.5 to 10.0 MeV in ≈0.5 MeV steps and at 40 scattering angles distributed between ≈17 and 160°. These data are combined with those found in the literature to construct a comprehensive experimental data base which is interpreted in terms of coupled-channels models. Physical characteristics of the resulting potentials are discussed. Comparisons are made with ENDF/B-6 (MAT 7200). A detailed report of this work is given by Smith (Smith, A., 2001. Argonne National Laboratory Report ANL/NDM-153). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Nuclear Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Hafnium
N1  - Accession Number: 7755571; Smith, Alan B. 1; Email Address: absmith@td.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Technology Development Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 29 Issue 10, p1241; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Hafnium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Magyarosy, A.
AU  - Laidlaw, R. D.
AU  - Kilaas, R.
AU  - Echer, C.
AU  - Clark, D. S.
AU  - Keasling, J. D.
T1  - Nickel accumulation and nickel oxalate precipitation by Aspergillus niger.
JO  - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
JF  - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 59
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 382
EP  - 388
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01757598
AB  - A strain of Aspergillus niger isolated from a metal-contaminated soil was able to grow in the presence of cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, and unusually high levels of nickel on solid (8.0 mM) and in liquid (6.5 mM) media. This fungus removed >98% of the nickel from liquid medium after 100 h of growth but did not remove the other metals, as determined by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. Experiments with non-growing, live fungal biomass showed that nickel removal was not due to biosorption alone, as little nickel was bound to the biomass at the pH values tested. Furthermore, when the protonophore carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoremetoxy) phenyl hydrazone (FCCP) was added to the actively growing fungus nickel removal was inhibited, supporting the hypothesis that energy metabolism is essential for metal removal. Analytical electron microscopy of thin-sectioned fungal biomass revealed that metal removed from the broth was localized in the form of small rectangular crystals associated with the cell walls and also inside the cell. X-ray and electron diffraction analysis showed that these crystals were nickel oxalate dihydrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Metals
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Cobalt
KW  - Copper
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Aspergillus niger
KW  - Crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 15681208; Magyarosy, A. 1; Laidlaw, R. D. 1; Kilaas, R. 2; Echer, C. 2; Clark, D. S. 1; Keasling, J. D. 1; Email Address: keasling@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 59 Issue 2/3, p382; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Metals; Thesaurus Term: Fungi; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium; Thesaurus Term: Chromium; Thesaurus Term: Cobalt; Thesaurus Term: Copper; Thesaurus Term: Nickel; Subject Term: Aspergillus niger; Subject Term: Crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00253-002-1020-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G.L.
T1  - Acidity changes and balanced equations for plutonium disproportionation reactions
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Disproportionation reactions in plutonium solutions alter the solution acidity. The acidity after reaction is related to the changes in the concentrations of the plutonyl cations. The final acidity can be estimated by a BASIC language program or by the method of proportional equations. The method is used to illustrate balanced equations for disproportionation reactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM compounds
KW  - Balanced equations
KW  - Conservation principles
KW  - Disproportionation
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Proportional equations
N1  - Accession Number: 7805598; Silver, G.L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory<fn id="fndagger">Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US. Department of Energy under contract No. W-7405-ENG-36.</fn>, P.O. Box 1663, MS E502, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 57 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Balanced equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation principles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disproportionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proportional equations; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dong, Weijin
AU  - Carter, Gregory A.
AU  - Barber, John T.
T1  - Spectral reflectance of Lemna gibba fronds exposed to ethylene glycol
JO  - Aquatic Botany
JF  - Aquatic Botany
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 73
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
SN  - 03043770
AB  - Spectroradiometry was used to quantify changes in duckweed frond reflectance that occurred throughout the 400–850 nm spectrum under various ethylene glycol (EG) concentrations and exposure times. The threshold concentration of EG at which a reflectance change could be detected was between 35 and 40 mM (<F>P≤0.01</F>), approximately, the same as by visual observation. EG-induced changes in frond reflectance were maximal at concentrations of 50 mM or greater. Reflectance changes were detectable within 24 h of exposure to 100 mM EG, 2–3 days prior to changes in frond appearance. Thus, spectroradiometry of duckweed may serve as a rapid and sensitive technique for detection of ecosystem exposure to EG and perhaps other stress agents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Aquatic Botany is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DUCKWEEDS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Duckweed
KW  - Ethylene glycol
KW  - Lemna gibba
KW  - Reflectance
KW  - Spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 7825824; Dong, Weijin 1,2 Carter, Gregory A. 3; Email Address: gcarter@ssc.nasa.gov Barber, John T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Earth Science Applications Directorate, NASA, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 73 Issue 3, p275; Subject Term: DUCKWEEDS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Duckweed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylene glycol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lemna gibba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflectance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Londer, Yuri Y.
AU  - Pokkuluri, P. Raj
AU  - Tiede, David M.
AU  - Schiffer, Marianne
T1  - Production and preliminary characterization of a recombinant triheme cytochrome c7 from Geobacter sulfurreducens in Escherichia coli
JO  - BBA - Bioenergetics
JF  - BBA - Bioenergetics
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 1554
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 202
SN  - 00052728
AB  - Multiheme cytochromes c have been found in a number of sulfate- and metal ion-reducing bacteria. Geobacter sulfurreducens is one of a family of microorganisms that oxidize organic compounds, with Fe(III) oxide as the terminal electron acceptor. A triheme 9.6 kDa cytochrome c7 from G. sulfurreducens is a part of the metal ion reduction pathway. We cloned the gene for cytochrome c7 and expressed it in Escherichia coli together with the cytochrome c maturation gene cluster, ccmABCDEFGH, on a separate plasmid. We designed two constructs, with and without an N-terminal His-tag. The untagged version provided a good yield (up to 6 mg/l of aerobic culture) of the fully matured protein, with all three hemes attached, while the N-terminal His-tag appeared to be detrimental for proper heme incorporation. The recombinant protein (untagged) is properly folded, it has the same molecular weight and displays the same absorption spectra, both in reduced and in oxidized forms, as the protein isolated from G. sulfurreducens and it is capable of reducing metal ions in vitro. The shape parameters for the recombinant cytochrome c7 determined by small angle X-ray scattering are in good agreement with the ones calculated from a homologous cytochrome c7 of known structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BACTERIA -- Cytochemistry
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - Cytochrome c
KW  - Cytochrome c maturation proteins
KW  - Cytochrome c7
KW  - Geobacter sulfurreducens
KW  - Heterologous expression
KW  - Multiheme cytochrome c
KW  - Small angle X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 7856014; Londer, Yuri Y. 1 Pokkuluri, P. Raj 1 Tiede, David M. 2 Schiffer, Marianne 1; Email Address: mschiffer@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 1554 Issue 3, p202; Subject Term: BACTERIA -- Cytochemistry; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: GENE expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome c maturation proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome c7; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geobacter sulfurreducens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterologous expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiheme cytochrome c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small angle X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alton, J.
AU  - J. Plaisted, T.
AU  - Hrma, P.
T1  - Kinetics of growth of spinel crystals in a borosilicate glass
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 57
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2503
SN  - 00092509
AB  - Three aspects of the kinetics of spinel crystallization in a high-level waste (HLW) glass were studied: (1) the effect of nucleation agents on the number density <f>(ns)</f> of spinel crystals, (2) crystallization kinetics in a crushed glass, and (3) crystallization kinetics in a glass preheated at <f>T>TL</f> (liquidus temperature). In glass lacking in nucleation agents, <f>ns</f> was a strong function of temperature. In glasses with noble metals (Rh, Ru, Pd, and Pt), <f>ns</f> increased by up to four orders of magnitude and was nearly independent of temperature. The kinetics of spinel crystallization in crushed glass lacking nucleation agents was dominated by surface crystallization and was described by the Kolmogorov–Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (KJMA) equation with the Avrami exponent <f>n≅0.5</f>. For application to HLW glass melter processing, it was necessary to preheat glass at <f>T>TL</f> to eliminate the impact of temperature history and surface crystallization on crystal nucleation and growth. In the temperature range of glass processing, crystals descend under gravity when they reach a critical size. Below this critical size, crystallization kinetics is described by the KJMA equation and above the critical size by the Hixson–Crowell equation. At low temperatures, at which glass viscosity is high and diffusion is slow, the KJMA equation represents crystal growth from nucleation to equilibrium. As <f>ns</f> increases, the temperature interval of the transition from the KJMA to Hixson–Crowell regime shifts to a higher temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPINEL
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - GLASS melting
KW  - Crystal growth
KW  - Crystal nucleation
KW  - Glass melt
KW  - Hixson–Crowell equation
KW  - Settling Kolmogorov–Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation
N1  - Accession Number: 7833432; Alton, J. 1 J. Plaisted, T. 1 Hrma, P.; Email Address: pavel.hrma@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 57 Issue 13, p2503; Subject Term: SPINEL; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: GLASS melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass melt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hixson–Crowell equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Settling Kolmogorov–Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kechagia, Persefoni E.
AU  - Tsimpanogiannis, Ioannis N.
AU  - Yortsos, Yanis C.
AU  - Lichtner, Peter C.
T1  - On the upscaling of reaction-transport processes in porous media with fast or finite kinetics
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 57
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2565
SN  - 00092509
AB  - We show that for reaction-transport processes with fast kinetics (in the limit of thermodynamic equilibrium), conventional volume averaging for determining effective kinetic parameters applies only when the macroscopic variable approaches its equilibrium value. Even under such conditions, computing the effective mass transfer coefficient requires solving an eigenvalue problem, which couples the local microstructure with the global. Two examples, one involving a simple advection–dissolution problem and another a drying problem in a pore network, illustrate the theoretical predictions. Similar considerations apply for the case of finite kinetics, when the macroscale concentration approaches an equilibrium value. In that case, the effective kinetic parameter is not equal to the local, as typically assumed, but it becomes a function of the local Thiele modulus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - Dissolution
KW  - Drying
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Porous media
KW  - Scale-up
N1  - Accession Number: 7833437; Kechagia, Persefoni E. 1 Tsimpanogiannis, Ioannis N. 1 Yortsos, Yanis C. 1; Email Address: yortsos@euclid.usc.edu Lichtner, Peter C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Southern California, 925 West 37th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1211, USA  2: Earth & Environmental Sciences Division (EES-5) MS F-649, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 57 Issue 13, p2565; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scale-up; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kollmann, W.
AU  - McCallen, R. C.
AU  - Leone Jr., J. M.
T1  - An examination of LES filtering within the finite element method.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
EP  - 528
SN  - 10698299
AB  - The finite element method (FEM), in combination with large-eddy simulation (LES) techniques, is considered for the study of incompressible turbulent flows. The combination of these methodologies brings together the advantages of each: LES provides a high degree of accuracy with a minimum of empiricism for turbulence modelling, and FEM provides a robust way to simulate flow in very complex domains. It is shown that the LES filtering operator and filter width can be independently chosen with FEM just as with spectral methods because, even though FEM is grid based, it is also a method that provides an unambiguous solution everywhere by employing global basis functions. The assumption that the LES filtering operator commutes with differentiation is shown to be valid with the FEM approach. It is also shown that the error introduced by non-uniform filtering is small so long as the filter width changes smoothly. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - filtering
KW  - finite element method
KW  - incompressible turbulent flows
KW  - large-eddy simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 13440494; Kollmann, W. 1 McCallen, R. C. 2 Leone Jr., J. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: MAE Department, University of California Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94551, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p513; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: filtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: incompressible turbulent flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: large-eddy simulation; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/cnm.510
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Nan
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, F.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
AU  - Pan, Jinsheng
T1  - Joining particulate and whisker ceramic composites by plastic flow
JO  - Composite Structures
JF  - Composite Structures
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 02638223
AB  - Joining of bulk ceramics by plastic flow has been demonstrated for several fine-grained ceramics. We have joined, for example, submicrometer 3 mol% Y<f>2</f>O<f>3</f> partially stabilized ZrO<f>2</f> (YSZ) and YSZ-toughened Al<f>2</f>O<f>3</f>. The interlayers in these cases consisted of dense, submicrometer-grain-sized pieces of ceramics that have been shown to exhibit superplastic flow. We have extended the joining work to include incorporation of 15 vol.% SiC or 20 vol.% TiC whiskers within the bond layer. Unlike YSZ/Al<f>2</f>O<f>3</f>, because of the presence of the whiskers, YSZ/Al<f>2</f>O<f>3</f>/SiC and YSZ/Al<f>2</f>O<f>3</f>/TiC do not deform superplastically. However, virtually perfect YSZ/Al<f>2</f>O<f>3</f> joints with and without whiskers could be made by compressing at 1300–1350 <f>°</f>C and stresses of <f><</f>20 MPa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composite Structures is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - JOINTS (Engineering)
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Composites
KW  - Joints
KW  - Plastic deformation
N1  - Accession Number: 7867886; Chen, Nan 1; Email Address: ngoretta@yahoo.com Gutierrez-Mora, F. 1; Email Address: gutierrez@anl.gov Koritala, R.E. 1; Email Address: koritala@anl.gov Goretta, K.C. 1; Email Address: goretta@anl.gov Routbort, J.L. 1; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov Pan, Jinsheng 2; Email Address: jspan@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 57 Issue 1-4, p135; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: JOINTS (Engineering); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Joints; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Youngblood, G.E.
AU  - Senor, David J.
AU  - Jones, R.H.
AU  - Graham, Samuel
T1  - The transverse thermal conductivity of 2D-SiCf/SiC composites
JO  - Composites Science & Technology
JF  - Composites Science & Technology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 62
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1127
SN  - 02663538
AB  - The Hasselman–Johnson (H–J) model for predicting the effective transverse thermal conductivity (Keff) of a 2D-SiCf/SiC composite with a fiber-matrix thermal barrier was assessed experimentally and by comparison to numerical FEM predictions. Agreement within 5% was predicted for composites with simple unidirectional or cross-ply architectures with fiber volume fractions of 0.5 or less and with fiber-to-matrix conductivity ratios less than 10. For a woven 2D-SiCf/SiC composite, inhomogeneous fiber packing and numerous direct fiber–fiber contacts would introduce deviations from model predictions. However, the analytic model should be very appropriate to examine the degradation in Keff in 2D-woven composites due to neutron irradiation or due to other mechanical or environmental treatments. To test this possibility, expected effects of irradiation on Keff were predicted by the H–J model for a hypothetical 2D-SiCf/SiC composite made with a high conductivity fiber and a CVI-SiC matrix. Before irradiation, predicted Keff for this composite would range from 34 down to 26 W/(m K) at 200 and 1000 °C, respectively. After irradiation to saturation doses at 200 or 1000 °C, the respective Keff-values are predicted to decrease to 6 or 10 W/(m–K). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites Science & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMIC-matrix composites
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - A. Ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs)
KW  - B. Modeling
KW  - B. Thermal conductivity
KW  - C. Computational simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 7820612; Youngblood, G.E. 1; Email Address: ge.youngblood@pnl.gov Senor, David J. 1 Jones, R.H. 1 Graham, Samuel 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 62 Issue 9, p1127; Subject Term: CERAMIC-matrix composites; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs); Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Computational simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, J.C.
AU  - Hyman, J.M.
AU  - Shashkov, M.J.
T1  - Mimetic finite difference operators for second-order tensors on unstructured grids
JO  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
JF  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 44
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 08981221
AB  - We use the support operators method to derive discrete approximations for the gradient of a vector and divergence of a tensor on unstructured grids in two dimensions. These discrete operators satisfy discrete analogs of the integral identities of the differential operators on unstructured grids where vector functions are defined at the grid points, and tensor functions are defined as tangential projections to the zone edges, or as normal projections to the median mesh. We evaluate the accuracy of the discrete operators by determining the order of convergence of the truncation error on structured and unstructured grids, and show that the truncation error of the method is between first and second order depending on the smoothness of the grid. In a test problem on a highly nonuniform grid, we confirm that the convergence rate is between first and second order. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Mathematics with Applications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - Finite difference methods
KW  - Mimetic
KW  - Nonuniform grids
KW  - Numerical methods
KW  - Partial differential equations
KW  - Tensors
KW  - Unstructured grids
N1  - Accession Number: 8597765; Campbell, J.C. 1 Hyman, J.M. 2 Shashkov, M.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: T-7 and T-CNLS, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  2: T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 44 Issue 1/2, p157; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite difference methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mimetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonuniform grids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unstructured grids; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tucker, Jesse B.
AU  - Papanicolaou, N.
AU  - Rao, Mulpuri V.
AU  - Holland, O.W.
T1  - Fully ion implanted MESFETs in bulk semi-insulating 4H&z.sbnd;SiC
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1344
SN  - 09259635
AB  - MESFETs (n-channel) were fabricated in semi-insulating bulk 4H&z.sbnd;SiC by ion implantation of both the source/drain and the channel regions, using an aluminum Schottky gate metal and nickel ohmic contacts. Nitrogen ion implantation was performed at room temperature to a depth of 300 nm at a volumetric concentration of 6×1017 cm−3 for the channel region and 2×1019 cm−3 for the source/drain. The implants were activated by annealing at 1450 °C for 15 min using an AlN encapsulant. The bulk mobility of the channel implant was found to be 240 cm2/V s, while the effective channel mobility of the devices was measured to be less than 58 cm2/V s. For a typical device with a 2-μm gate length, the pinch-off voltage was 18 V, and the drain saturation current was approximately 40 mA. Devices exhibited only a small change in their DC characteristics over the temperature range 25–350 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Ion-implantation
KW  - MESFET
KW  - SiC
N1  - Accession Number: 7809312; Tucker, Jesse B. 1 Papanicolaou, N. 2 Rao, Mulpuri V. 1; Email Address: rmulpuri@gmu.edu Holland, O.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030-4444, USA  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6048, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p1344; Subject Term: METAL semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MESFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blatecky, Alan
AU  - West, Ann
AU  - Spada, Mary
T1  - Middleware.
JO  - Educause Review
JF  - Educause Review
Y1  - 2002/07//Jul/Aug2002
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 15276619
AB  - Provides information about middleware and middleware-related developments.  Concept of middleware; Functions of middleware in electronic science activities and production-level campus support and services; Development of computation capabilities; Reasons behind the formation of the National Science Foundation Middleware Initiative.
KW  - MIDDLEWARE
KW  - COMPUTER software industry
N1  - Accession Number: 7076243; Blatecky, Alan 1 West, Ann 2 Spada, Mary 3,4; Affiliation:  1: NSF  2: NMI-EDIT  3: Argonne National Laboratory MCS Division  4: Computation Institute of the University of Chicago; Source Info: Jul/Aug2002, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p24; Subject Term: MIDDLEWARE; Subject Term: COMPUTER software industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bischof, Oliver
AU  - Kirsh, Olivier
AU  - Pearson, Mark
AU  - Itahana, Koji
AU  - Pelicci, Pier Giuseppe
AU  - Dejean, Anne
T1  - Deconstructing PML-induced premature senescence.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/07//7/1/2002
VL  - 21
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3358
EP  - 3369
SN  - 02614189
AB  - In this study, we investigated the subcellular and molecular mechanisms underlying promyelocytic leu kemia (PML)-induced premature senescence. We demonstrate that intact PML nuclear bodies are not required for the induction of senescence. We have det [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
KW  - AGING
KW  - LEUKEMIA
KW  - ANEMIA
KW  - GERONTOLOGY
KW  - TELOMERASE
KW  - p53
KW  - PML
KW  - PML nuclear bodies
KW  - senescence
KW  - telomerase
N1  - Accession Number: 12955939; Bischof, Oliver 1 Kirsh, Olivier 1 Pearson, Mark 2 Itahana, Koji 3 Pelicci, Pier Giuseppe 1 Dejean, Anne 1; Email Address: adejean@pasteur.fr; Affiliation:  1: Unité de Recombinaison et Expression Génétique, INSERM U 163, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.  2: European Institute of Oncology, Department of Experimental Oncology, 20141 Milan, Italy.  3: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 7/1/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 13, p3358; Subject Term: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: LEUKEMIA; Subject Term: ANEMIA; Subject Term: GERONTOLOGY; Subject Term: TELOMERASE; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: PML; Author-Supplied Keyword: PML nuclear bodies; Author-Supplied Keyword: senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: telomerase; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdf341
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takesue, Naohisa
AU  - Fujii, Yasuhiko
AU  - Hoydoo You, Yasuhiko
T1  - Experimental Determination of Instantaneous Ionic-Pair Displacement-Correlation Functions of Relaxor PMN.
JO  - Ferroelectrics
JF  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 270
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 154
SN  - 00150193
AB  - Ionic-pair equal-time displacement correlations in relaxor lead magnesium niobate, PbMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 (PMN), were investigated at 300 and 270K in terms of an x-ray diffuse scattering technique. Functions of the distinct correlations were determined quantitatively. The results show the significantly strong rhombohedral-polar correlations regarding Pb-O, Mg/Nb-O, and O-O′ pairs. Their spatial distribution at 300K forms an ellipse or a sphere with the diameters of 30-80A, and the sizes are reduced to 30-40A on cooling through local condensation of thermal lattice fluctuations. This direct observation of local structure in the system proves presence of the polar microregions in the paraelectric state which leads to the dielectric dispersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NIOBATES
KW  - ELECTRIC displacement
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - relaxor
KW  - x-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 11550840; Takesue, Naohisa 1 Fujii, Yasuhiko 1 Hoydoo You, Yasuhiko 2; Affiliation:  1: Neutron Scattering Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Japan  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 270 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: NIOBATES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC displacement; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: relaxor; Author-Supplied Keyword: x-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HILL, WALTER R
AU  - DIMICK, SARAH M
T1  - Effects of riparian leaf dynamics on periphyton photosynthesis and light utilisation efficiency.
JO  - Freshwater Biology
JF  - Freshwater Biology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 47
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1245
EP  - 1256
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00465070
AB  - 1. Streambed light regimes change dramatically when riparian trees gain leaves in spring and lose them in autumn. This study examined the effect of these changes on periphyton photosynthetic characteristics, primary production, and light utilisation efficiency in two eastern Tennessee streams. 2. Photosynthesis–irradiance responses were measured at intervals covering leaf emergence and abscission in spring and autumn. Photosynthetic efficiency (αchl ) increased with declining streambed irradiances during spring leaf emergence, but returned to pre-emergence values after autumn leaf fall. The onset of photosaturation (I k ) displayed the opposite pattern, decreasing during leaf emergence and increasing after leaf fall. Both αchl and I k were closely associated (P < 0.01) with daily integrated streambed irradiance, as were periphyton carotenoids. Internal shading by photoprotective carotenoids is hypothesised to account for lower αchl when streambed irradiances are high. 3. An in situ shading experiment confirmed that the temporal changes observed in periphyton photosynthetic characteristics and carotenoids were primarily the result of changing light levels and not other environmental factors (e.g. nutrients, temperature). 4. Daily chlorophyll-specific primary production (PP chl ) was calculated with P –I models and recorded streambed irradiances. In both streams, PP chl was the highest in early spring when trees were leafless, and then declined markedly as leaves emerged, reaching a minimum in summer. PP chl increased after leaf abscission, but was still lower than it was in early spring, when the sun was higher and daylength was longer. A hyperbolic tangent equation fit to PP chl and daily integrated irradiance (r 2 =0. 85) suggested that primary production was light saturated at 4–8 mol m–2... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Freshwater Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIPARIAN plants
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - leaves
KW  - light
KW  - periphyton
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - stream
N1  - Accession Number: 6809013; HILL, WALTER R 1 DIMICK, SARAH M 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 7, p1245; Subject Term: RIPARIAN plants; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaves; Author-Supplied Keyword: light; Author-Supplied Keyword: periphyton; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: stream; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00837.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rognlien, T.D.
AU  - Rensink, M.E.
T1  - Edge-plasma models and characteristics for magnetic fusion energy devices
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
SN  - 09203796
AB  - A description is given of the models and resulting characteristics of the plasma adjacent to material surfaces that comprise the divertor and first wall of magnetic fusion energy devices under normal operation conditions. This thin edge-plasma region begins a short distance inside of the so-called separatrix, which divides the core domain of confined magnetic field lines from the scrape-off layer domain of open fields lines that pass through material surfaces; edge transport simulations give a unified description of the plasma throughout this region. In addition to the plasma fuel components escaping from the core (i.e. deuterium and tritium ions and their neutralizing electrons), models are included for neutral gas and impurities evolved from surfaces or injected. The confining magnetic field, B, is generally large enough to provide substantial enhancement of confinement normal to B compared to along B, resulting in steep cross-field gradients of plasma parameters. Three distinct types of edge-plasmas are illustrated, depending on the plasma collisionality, which are named as follows: sheath-limited, high-recycling, and detached plasmas. Examples of each type are given, together with the corresponding plasma conditions produced at the material surface boundaries. Detailed results are presented for the edge-plasmas of the ARIES-AT and FIRE tokamak designs. The edge-plasma characteristics calculated here provide the plasma profiles needed for other codes which perform detailed modeling of plasma sheath formation, surface modification via sputtering/redeposition, and recycled neutral-particle transport as detailed by other papers in this issue. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PLASMA chemistry
KW  - Divertors
KW  - Edge-plasma models
KW  - Magnetic fusion energy devices
KW  - Plasma facing components
N1  - Accession Number: 7817540; Rognlien, T.D.; Email Address: rognlien1@llnl.gov Rensink, M.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p497; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PLASMA chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divertors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Edge-plasma models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic fusion energy devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma facing components; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brooks, Jeffrey N.
T1  - Modeling of sputtering erosion/redeposition—status and implications for fusion design
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
SN  - 09203796
AB  - This paper reviews sputtering erosion/redeposition modeling for plasma facing surfaces. Basics of the WBC Monte Carlo impurity transport code are described. An example analysis is shown for erosion of a liquid tin fusion reactor divertor. Multiyear erosion studies of candidate divertor and first wall coating materials (Li, Be, C, W, etc.) are summarized—showing generally serious erosion concerns for low-Z solid materials, and encouraging results for high-Z materials and liquid divertor surfaces. Future goals are discussed, e.g. for supercomputer modeling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - Erosion/redeposition
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Sputtering
KW  - Tin
KW  - Tritium co-deposition
KW  - WBC code
N1  - Accession Number: 7817541; Brooks, Jeffrey N. 1; Email Address: brooks@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p515; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion/redeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium co-deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: WBC code; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hassanein, Ahmed
T1  - Prediction of material erosion and lifetime during major plasma instabilities in tokamak devices
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Surface and structural damage to plasma-facing components due to the frequent loss of plasma confinement remains a serious problem for the tokamak reactor concept. The deposited plasma energy during major disruptions, edge-localized modes (ELMs), and vertical displacement events (VDEs) causes significant surface erosion, possible structural failure, and frequent plasma contamination. Surface damage consists of vaporization, spallation, and liquid splatter of metallic materials. Structural damage includes large temperature increases and high thermal stresses in structural materials and at the interfaces between surface coatings and structural members. To evaluate the lifetimes of plasma-facing materials and nearby components and to predict the various forms of damage that they experience, comprehensive models (contained in the heights computer simulation package) are developed, integrated self-consistently, and enhanced. Splashing mechanisms such as bubble boiling and various liquid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities and brittle destruction mechanisms of nonmelting materials can be serious erosion mechanisms and are being studied in detail. The ejected macroscopic particles (MPs) will interact with incoming plasma particles and with the vapor cloud above the surface. Therefore, the dynamic behavior of MPs in the vapor cloud and their influence on total erosion rate is important. Results of self-consistent MHD calculations are presented in which the dynamics of both the vapor cloud and MP interaction are coupled with incoming plasma ions and electrons from the scrape-off layer during a disruption. The design requirements and implications of plasma facing and nearby components are discussed, along with recommendations to mitigate and reduce the effects of plasma instabilities on reactor components. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - Disruptions
KW  - Erosion
KW  - HEIGHTS package
KW  - Melting
KW  - Splashing
KW  - Vapor shielding
N1  - Accession Number: 7817542; Hassanein, Ahmed 1; Email Address: hassanein@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p527; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disruptions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: HEIGHTS package; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Splashing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor shielding; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nygren, R.E.
T1  - Actively cooled plasma facing components for long pulse high power operation
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
SN  - 09203796
AB  - This paper reviews the development of heat removal technology for plasma facing components (PFCs) and focuses on water-cooled PFCs for near term, high power applications and the use of the tungsten (W), carbon (C), and beryllium (Be) as the preferred armor materials. There are also brief summaries of developments in helium-cooled PFCs and applications of free liquid surfaces. Water-cooled PFCs with C armor have been developed for Tore Supra, ITER, LHD and W7-X. W or Be armor is of interest for ITER and other devices. W-coatings on graphite have been tried, and mockups with “W brush” armor, developed in the USA for ITER and emulated elsewhere, have withstood thermal cycling at 25 MW/m2. Reliably joining of the armor has been a significant challenge. A shorter version of this paper was published previously in the International Toki Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion (ITC-10), Toki, Japan, January 18–21, 2000. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA chemistry
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - Armor
KW  - Divertor
KW  - High heat flux
KW  - Plasma facing component
N1  - Accession Number: 7817543; Nygren, R.E. 1; Email Address: renygre@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories<fn id="fn1">Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.</fn>, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p547; Subject Term: PLASMA chemistry; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Armor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divertor; Author-Supplied Keyword: High heat flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma facing component; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott, Michael J.
AU  - Sands, Ronald D.
AU  - Rosenberg, Norman J.
AU  - César Izaurralde, R.
T1  - Future N2O from US agriculture: projecting effects of changing land use, agricultural technology, and climate on N2O emissions
JO  - Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions
JF  - Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 09593780
AB  - This paper presents results from simulated technology and market relationships governing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from US agriculture for the purpose of conducting policy-sensitive emissions modeling of this greenhouse gas. We have modified the emissions framework of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Phase II guidelines developed by the IPCC and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for national emissions inventories, and have linked it to operate with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory''s Agriculture and Land Use (AgLU) model. The paper shows that, in the context of moderate climate change, improvements in fertilizer application efficiency and animal management makes it possible to reduce total agricultural N emissions in 2080 to about 1995 levels, which is about 20% below the projected baseline value. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Agriculture -- United States
KW  - United States
KW  - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
N1  - Accession Number: 7850624; Scott, Michael J. 1; Email Address: michael.scott@pnl.gov; Sands, Ronald D. 2; Rosenberg, Norman J. 2; César Izaurralde, R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K6-05, USA; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p105; Thesaurus Term: Nitrous oxide; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Subject Term: Agriculture -- United States; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Atkins, David L.
AU  - Ball, Thomas
AU  - Graves, Todd L.
AU  - Mockus, Audris
T1  - Using Version Control Data to Evaluate the Impact of Software Tools: A Case Study of the Version Editor.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 28
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
EP  - 637
SN  - 00985589
AB  - Software tools can improve the quality and maintainability of software, but are expensive to acquire, deploy, and maintain, especially in large organizations. We explore how to quantify the effects of a software tool once it has been deployed in a development environment. We present an effort-analysis method that derives tool usage statistics and developer actions from a project's change history (version control system) and uses a novel effort estimation algorithm to quantify the effort savings attributable to tool usage. We apply this method to assess the impact of a software tool called VE, a version-sensitive editor used in Bell Labs. VE aids software developers in coping with the rampant use of certain preprocessor directives (similar to #if/#endif in C source files). Our analysis found that developers were approximately 40 percent more productive when using VE than when using standard text editors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering is the property of IEEE Computer Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - MAINTENANCE
KW  - QUALITY
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - CASE studies
KW  - effort analysis.
KW  - Software tools
KW  - version control system
N1  - Accession Number: 11942768; Atkins, David L. 1; Email Address: datkins@cs.uoregon.edu Ball, Thomas 2; Email Address: tball@microsoft.com Graves, Todd L. 3; Email Address: tgraves@lanl.gov Mockus, Audris 4; Email Address: audris@mockus.org; Affiliation:  1: The University of Oregon, 3110 W 17th Ave., Eugene, OR 97402.  2: Microsoft Research, One Microsoft Way Redmond WA 98052.  3: The Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F600, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  4: The Software Technology Research Department, Avaya Labs Research, 233 Mt. Airy Road, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920.; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 28 Issue 7, p625; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: MAINTENANCE; Subject Term: QUALITY; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: CASE studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: effort analysis.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software tools; Author-Supplied Keyword: version control system; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Habelitz, Stefan
AU  - Marshall Jr., Grayson W.
AU  - Balooch, Mehdi
AU  - Marshall, Sally J.
T1  - Nanoindentation and storage of teeth
JO  - Journal of Biomechanics
JF  - Journal of Biomechanics
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 995
SN  - 00219290
AB  - This study determined changes in nanomechanical properties of dentin and enamel during storage in deionized water, calcium chloride buffered saline solution and Hank''s balanced salts solution (HBSS). Atomic force microscopy based nanoindentation showed that storing teeth in deionized water or CaCl2-solution resulted in a large decrease in elastic modulus and hardness. At 1 day a decrease in the mechanical properties values of up to 20% and 30% was observed for enamel and dentin, respectively. After 1 week, mechanical properties dropped below 50% of their starting values, which is attributed to a demineralization process during storage. In contrast, storing teeth in HBSS did not significantly alter the mechanical properties for a time interval of 2 weeks. The use of HBSS for storage of samples from teeth is recommended. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biomechanics is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENTIN
KW  - BIOMECHANICS
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Mineral dissolution
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Storage
KW  - Teeth
N1  - Accession Number: 7815569; Habelitz, Stefan 1; Email Address: shabeli@itsa.ucsf.edu Marshall Jr., Grayson W. 1 Balooch, Mehdi 2 Marshall, Sally J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, 707 Parnassus Avenue D-2250, San Francisco, CA 94143 0758, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p995; Subject Term: DENTIN; Subject Term: BIOMECHANICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral dissolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Teeth; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi, Heechul
AU  - Lim, Hyung-Nam
AU  - Kim, Jeongkon
AU  - Hwang, Tae-Moon
AU  - Kang, Joon-Wun
T1  - Transport characteristics of gas phase ozone in unsaturated porous media for in-situ chemical oxidation
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Laboratory column experiments were conducted by employing various porous media to delineate the characteristics of gaseous ozone transport in the unsaturated zone under various conditions. Water content, soil organic matter (SOM), and metal oxides (MOs) were found to be the factors most influential in the fate and transport of gaseous ozone in unsaturated porous media. The migration velocity of the gaseous ozone front was inversely proportional to the MO content of the porous media. Increased water content at fixed gas flux decreased the ozone breakthrough time proportionally as a result of reduced gas pore volume (PV) in the column, and increased pore water interfered with reactions of gaseous ozone with SOM and MOs on the surface of porous media. The feasibility of in-situ ozone injection for the remediation of unsaturated soils contaminated with either phenanthrene or diesel-range organics (DROs) was investigated under various conditions. The maximum removal after 1 h of ozone injection was achieved in columns packed with baked sand, followed, in descending order, by glass beads and by sand, indicating that catalytic ozone decomposition with MOs in columns packed with baked sand enhanced hydroxyl radical formation and resulted in increased contaminant removal. Overall removal efficiency of multicomponent C10–C24 DROs after 14 h of ozonation was 78.7%. Ozone transport was retarded considerably because of the high ozone demand of DROs, requiring more than 6 h for the gaseous ozone to initially break through the soil column under the experimental conditions tested in this study. Overall, gaseous ozone was readily delivered and transported to remediate unsaturated soils contaminated with phenanthrene and DROs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Humus
KW  - Metallic oxides
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Diesel-range organics
KW  - In-situ chemical oxidation
KW  - Metal oxides
KW  - Ozone transport
KW  - Soil organic matter
KW  - Unsaturated porous media
N1  - Accession Number: 7821098; Choi, Heechul 1; Email Address: hcchoi@kjist.ac.kr; Lim, Hyung-Nam 1; Kim, Jeongkon 2; Email Address: JKKim@lbl.gov; Hwang, Tae-Moon 3; Kang, Joon-Wun 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong Buk-gu, Kwangju 500-712, South Korea; 2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 3: Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 222-701, South Korea; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 57 Issue 1/2, p81; Thesaurus Term: Humus; Thesaurus Term: Metallic oxides; Subject Term: Porous materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diesel-range organics; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-situ chemical oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated porous media; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosen, Hugo R.
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy R.
AU  - Weinberger, Leor
AU  - Wolf, Stephanie
AU  - Chung, Minjun
AU  - Gretch, David R.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Early hepatitis C viral kinetics correlate with long-term outcome in patients receiving high dose induction followed by combination interferon and ribavirin therapy
JO  - Journal of Hepatology
JF  - Journal of Hepatology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 01688278
AB  - Background/Aims: The majority of patients with genotype 1 do not respond to interferon (IFN) plus ribavirin. Limited data exist on the use of induction followed by combination therapy.Methods: In this prospective study of 28 patients infected with genotype 1, randomization involved either daily or twice daily high dose IFN for 6 weeks, followed by standard therapy of 3 million units three times a week in combination with ribavirin for an additional 42 weeks. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA was quantitated before and frequently during treatment.Results: The best correlate of response was δ (the infected cell loss rate). Sixteen patients continued on the study because they had at least a 2 log drop in their HCV RNA levels by week 12; all but one were PCR negative for HCV RNA at 48 weeks, and 14 of these 16 patients continued to be PCR negative at 72 weeks. Both African-Americans in our trial failed to respond to therapy, and differences were evident during the induction phase.Conclusions: This randomized study of induction IFN therapy followed by combination IFN plus ribavirin yielded the highest rate of sustained response (50%) reported to date in chronically HCV-infected patients with genotype 1. The predictive value of the infected cell loss rate needs to be evaluated prospectively in larger studies, particularly in patients receiving pegylated IFN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hepatology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEPATITIS C virus
KW  - RIBAVIRIN
KW  - Combination interferon and ribavirin therapy
KW  - Early hepatitis C viral kinetics
KW  - High dose induction
KW  - Long-term outcome
N1  - Accession Number: 7824723; Rosen, Hugo R. 1,2; Email Address: hugo.rosen@med.va.gov Ribeiro, Ruy R. 3 Weinberger, Leor 3 Wolf, Stephanie 1 Chung, Minjun 4 Gretch, David R. 4 Perelson, Alan S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA  2: Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p124; Subject Term: HEPATITIS C virus; Subject Term: RIBAVIRIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combination interferon and ribavirin therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Early hepatitis C viral kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: High dose induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long-term outcome; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, R.J.
AU  - Reinot, T.
AU  - Hayes, J.M.
AU  - Kalli, K.R.
AU  - Hartmann, L.C.
AU  - Small, G.J.
T1  - Nonphotochemical hole burning spectroscopy of a mitochondrial selective rhodamine dye molecule in normal and cancerous ovarian surface epithelial cells
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 98
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 00222313
AB  - Results are presented of nonphotochemical hole burning experiments on the mitochondrial dye rhodamine 800 (MitoFluor Far Red 680, Molecular Probes) incubated with two human ovarian surface epithelial cell lines: OSE(tsT)-14 normal cells and OV167 carcinoma (cancer) cells. This dye is believed to be selective for the plasma and inner membranes of the mitochondria. Importantly, the dispersive (distributed) growth kinetics of zero-phonon holes were found to be significantly different with the OV167 line exhibiting the higher burn efficiency. This may reflect greater structural heterogeneity of that line. Equally interesting is that the permanent dipole moment change (<f>Δμ</f>) for the S0→S1 transition of the dye is markedly different for the two cell lines, the <f>Δμ</f> value for the carcinoma cell line being a factor of 1.5 higher. Discussion of this finding in terms of membrane potentials is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL hole burning
KW  - DYES & dyeing
KW  - MITOCHONDRIA
KW  - CANCER
KW  - STARK effect
KW  - Carcinoma
KW  - Hole burning
KW  - Membrane potential
KW  - Mitochondria
KW  - Stark effect
N1  - Accession Number: 7835023; Walsh, R.J. 1 Reinot, T. 1 Hayes, J.M. 1 Kalli, K.R. 2 Hartmann, L.C. 3 Small, G.J. 1; Email Address: jgsmall@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory—USDOE, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA  3: Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 98 Issue 1-4, p115; Subject Term: OPTICAL hole burning; Subject Term: DYES & dyeing; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIA; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: STARK effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carcinoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hole burning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mitochondria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stark effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zazubovich, Valter
AU  - Jankowiak, Ryszard
AU  - Small, Gerald J.
T1  - On B800→B800 energy transfer in the LH2 complex of purple bacteria
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 98
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 00222313
AB  - The B800 Q<f>y</f>-states of the light harvesting 2 (LH2) photosynthetic complex of purple bacteria exhibit two relaxation channels. One is B800→B850 excitation energy transfer that occurs in ∼2 ps in low-temperature limit. This channel is dominant for excitation wavelengths located to lower energy of the B800 absorption band maximum. The second “additional” channel sets in for excitation on the high-energy side of the maximum. The mechanism for the additional channel has been controversial. That it is due to relaxation of Bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl a) vibrational modes has already been excluded. This left intra-band B800→B800 energy transfer and relaxation of mixed B800–B850 exciton levels as possible mechanisms. High-pressure hole burning results for LH2 of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila are presented, which, together with excitonic calculations, indicate that the latter mechanism is relatively unimportant. Intra-band B800→B800 excitation energy transfer is considered from a probabilistic viewpoint. It appears that the B800 zero-phonon hole action spectrum corresponds to those of Bchl a sites on the C9 ring that cannot undergo downward energy transfer to a nearest-neighbor site. One-third of the sites fall into this category. It is concluded that the additional decay channel is most likely due to above intra-band transfer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - BACTERIORHODOPSIN
KW  - Energy transfer
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Light-harvesting complex
KW  - Non-photochemical hole burning
N1  - Accession Number: 7835024; Zazubovich, Valter 1 Jankowiak, Ryszard 1 Small, Gerald J.; Email Address: gsmall@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory–USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 98 Issue 1-4, p123; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: BACTERIORHODOPSIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light-harvesting complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-photochemical hole burning; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayes, J.M.
AU  - Ruehlaender, M.
AU  - Soukoulis, C.
AU  - Small, G.J.
T1  - Monte Carlo simulation of energy transfer rates: application to downward energy transfer within the 825 nm absorption band of the FMO complex of Prosthechochloris aestuarii
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 98
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 00222313
AB  - Splitting of the individual subunit absorptions of the FMO complex of Prosthechochloris aestuarii due to disorder is determined by Monte Carlo simulation. The simulations accurately reproduce the 825 nm absorption band and indicate an upper limit for the inter-subunit coupling of 10 cm−1. From the simulations, rates for downward energy transfer between subunits can be determined using the spectral density determined from hole burning (J. Phys. Chem. B 104 (2000) 9564). On average the splitting between adjacent energy levels is ∼25 cm−1 and the energy transfer rate for relaxation between such levels is equal. Relaxation from the top to lowest level is significantly slower. This is in contrast with the experimental finding that relaxation from the top to bottom levels occurs at about twice the rate for the other two relaxations. Further, the rates determined do not agree with the observed variation of zero-phonon hole width and photon echo dephasing times with frequency. The possible involvement of Herzberg–Teller-like dark modes with a peak near 50 cm−1 is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - Energy transfer
KW  - FMO complex
KW  - Photosynthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7835042; Hayes, J.M. 1; Email Address: jmhayes@iastate.edu Ruehlaender, M. 2 Soukoulis, C. 2 Small, G.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50014, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and the Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 98 Issue 1-4, p249; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: FMO complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosynthesis; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, S.L.
AU  - Song, W.H.
AU  - Dai, J.M.
AU  - Wang, K.Y.
AU  - Wang, S.G.
AU  - Zhang, C.L.
AU  - Du, J.J.
AU  - Sun, Y.P.
AU  - Fang, J.
T1  - Effect of Ag substitution on the transport property and magnetoresistance of LaMnO3
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 248
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 26
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The structural, magnetic and electronic properties of the polycrystalline La1−xAgxMnO3 are systematically investigated as a function of Ag-doping level. The result of the Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffraction shows that the samples are single rhombohedral (<f>R3¯C</f>) structure phase for <f>x<0.2</f>. For <f>x&ges;0.2</f>, the samples are composed of a <f>R3¯C</f> perovskite phase and a nonmagnetic metal Ag phase. The temperature dependence of resistivity shows that all samples undergo a sharp insulator–metal (I–M) transition accompanying a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition with the decrease of temperature. However, for <f>x<0.2</f>, an obvious double I–M transition with a single ferromagnetic transition is observed. In the meanwhile, a large magnetoresistance (MR) with low applied magnetic field is observed. The electronic and magnetic inhomogeneity induced by Ag doping and the nonmagnetic metal Ag phase are presented to account for the transport properties and large MR in these compounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILVER
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - Ag doping
KW  - Inhomogeneity
KW  - Insulator–metal transition
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Phase separation (PS)
N1  - Accession Number: 7830861; Ye, S.L. 1,2 Song, W.H. 1,2 Dai, J.M. 1,2 Wang, K.Y. 1,2 Wang, S.G. 1,2 Zhang, C.L. 1,2 Du, J.J. 1,2 Sun, Y.P. 1,3; Email Address: ypsun@mail.issp.ac.cn Fang, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Key Lab of Internal Friction and Defects in Solids, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031 Hefei, People's Republic of China  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 230031 Hefei, People's Republic of China  3: Key Lab of Structure Research, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 248 Issue 1, p26; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ag doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhomogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulator–metal transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase separation (PS); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kmety, Carmen R.
AU  - Manson, Jamie L.
AU  - McCall, S.
AU  - Crow, J.E.
AU  - Stevenson, Kenneth L.
AU  - Epstein, Arthur J.
T1  - Low-temperature specific heat of the molecule-based magnet <f>M[N(CN)2]2</f> (M=Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) series
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 248
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 52
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We report the specific heat as a function of temperature in zero applied magnetic field for three magnetic systems (<f>α</f>-<f>Co[N(CN)2]2</f>, <f>β</f>-<f>Co[N(CN)2]2</f>, <f>Ni[N(CN)2]2</f>) and two nonmagnetic systems <f>(Cu[N(CN)2]2</f>, <f>Zn[N(CN)2]2)</f>. The anomalies revealed by the magnetic contribution to the specific heat are associated with the onset of long-range order. The transition entropies imply that the magnetic ordering originates from a ground-state doublet (<f>J=<NU>1</NU>/2</fr></f>) for the <f><rm>Co</rm>2+</f> systems and a ground-state triplet (<f>J=1</f>) for the <f><rm>Ni</rm>2+</f> system. In addition, we extract and compare the exchange couplings <f><sc>J</sc></f> using several theoretical models: interacting spin waves, high-temperature series expansions, total magnetic energy and mean field. The <f>J</f>-values and the Ising-like anisotropy obtained here, are in quantitative agreement with earlier magnetization and neutron diffraction results. The comparison of the zero-field and in-field (8<hsp sp="0.16">T) specific heat of the <f><rm>Cu</rm>2+</f> system (<f>J=<fr style="s" shape="case" ALIGN="C"><NU>1</NU>/2</f>) for the <f>Co2+</f> systems and a ground-state triplet (<f>J=1</f>) for the <f>Ni2+</f> system. In addition, we extract and compare the exchange couplings <f>J</f> using several theoretical models: interacting spin waves, high-temperature series expansions, total magnetic energy and mean field. The <f>J</f>-values and the Ising-like anisotropy obtained here, are in quantitative agreement with earlier magnetization and neutron diffraction results. The comparison of the zero-field and in-field (8 T) specific heat of the <f>Cu2+</f> system (<f>J=<NU>1</NU>/2</f>) demonstrates the previously unknown ferromagnetic order at very low temperature (<f>&les;1.7 K</f>). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Crystal fields
KW  - Dicyanamide
KW  - Magnetic anisotropy
KW  - Structural phases
KW  - Transition metal magnetism
N1  - Accession Number: 7830864; Kmety, Carmen R. 1; Email Address: ckmety@aps.anl.gov Manson, Jamie L. 2 McCall, S. 3 Crow, J.E. 3 Stevenson, Kenneth L. 4 Epstein, Arthur J. 1,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1106, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0850, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne, IN 46805, USA  5: Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1185, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 248 Issue 1, p52; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dicyanamide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition metal magnetism; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blomqvist, P.
AU  - Wäppling, R.
AU  - Broddefalk, A.
AU  - Nordblad, P.
AU  - te Velthuis, S.G.E.
AU  - Felcher, G.P.
T1  - Structural and magnetic properties of BCC Fe/Co (0 0 1) superlattices
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 248
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 03048853
AB  - In thin layered Fe/Co (0 0 1), grown on MgO (0 0 1), both Fe and Co crystallize in the body-centered cubic (BCC) structure, as seen in a series of superlattices where the layer thickness of the components is varied from two to twelve atomic monolayers. These superlattices have novel magnetic properties as observed by magnetization and polarized neutron reflectivity measurements. There is a significant enhancement of the magnetic moments of both Fe and Co at the interfaces. Furthermore, the easy axis of the system changes from [1 0 0] for films of low cobalt content to [1 1 0] for a Co content exceeding 33%. No indication of a uniaxial anisotropy component is found in any of the samples. The first anisotropy constant (<f>K1</f>) of BCC Co is found to be negative with an estimated magnitude of 110 kJ/m3 at 10 K. In all cases, the magnetic moments of Fe and Co have parallel alignment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - IRON
KW  - COBALT
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 7830867; Blomqvist, P. 1 Wäppling, R. 1; Email Address: rogerw@fysik.uu.se Broddefalk, A. 2 Nordblad, P. 2 te Velthuis, S.G.E. 3 Felcher, G.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, S-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Department of Materials Science, Uppsala University, Box 534, S-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden  3: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 223, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 248 Issue 1, p75; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X. F.
AU  - Yang, Q.
AU  - De Jonghe, L. C.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
T1  - Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis of aluminium segregation in silicon carbide grain boundaries.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 58
EP  - 68
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary The aluminium distribution in polycrystalline SiC hot-pressed with aluminium, boron and carbon additives was studied using X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Al excess in homophase SiC grain boundary films was determined, taking into account dissolved Al in the SiC lattice. In the spot-EDS analysis, an electron beam probe with a calibrated diameter was formed, and the total beam–specimen interaction volume was defined, taking the beam spreading through crystalline TEM foil into consideration. EDS spectra were collected from regions containing intergranular films and adjacent matrix grains, respectively. A theoretical treatment was presented and experimental errors were estimated, with a further discussion about the effects of foil thickness. Experimental examples are given, followed by statistical EDS analyses for grain boundary films in SiC samples hot-pressed with increased amounts of Al additions. The results demonstrated a substantial Al segregation in the nanometer-wide intergranular films in all samples. Al additions higher than 3 wt% saturated the Al concentrations in SiC grains and in grain boundary films. The effect of foil thickness, and the parameters for determining the optimum incident beam diameter in the EDS analysis are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Al
KW  - Energy-dispersive spectroscopy
KW  - grain boundary
KW  - impurity
KW  - SiC
KW  - transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7025274; Zhang, X. F. 1 Yang, Q. 2 De Jonghe, L. C. 1,2 Zhang, Z. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and  2: Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.  3: Beijing Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, PO Box 2724, Beijing 100080, China; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p58; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-dispersive spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain boundary; Author-Supplied Keyword: impurity; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; Author-Supplied Keyword: transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01034.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bitton, Gabriel
AU  - Feldman, Yuri
AU  - Agranat, Aharon J.
T1  - Relaxation processes of off-center impurities in KTN:Li crystals
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 305
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The dielectric and ferroelectric properties of K<f>1−x</f>Li<f>x</f>Ta<f>1−y</f>Nb<f>y</f>O<f>3</f> (KLTN) crystals as functions of temperature, frequency, and electric field are presented. Measurement of the polarization as a function of temperature indicates the existence of polarized microregions at temperatures well above the phase transition (PT) temperature. In the vicinity of the PT those microregions respond cooperatively and contribute to the observed macroscopic polarization. This cooperative behavior was also evident from dielectric relaxation measurements. Two relaxation processes were observed, one at high frequency and the other at low frequency. In both processes the relaxation time and the relaxation step (<f>Δ&epsiv;</f>) were found to increase as the PT temperature was approached. Those processes originate from movement of off-center ions in a multi-well potential. In the vicinity of the PT the correlation length of the host lattice is increased and the movements of the off-center ions become more and more correlated. The increased number of cooperatively relaxing ions increases the relaxation time and the relaxation amplitude. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELAXATION phenomena
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 8775437; Bitton, Gabriel 1; Email Address: gabby@glucon.com Feldman, Yuri 2 Agranat, Aharon J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 3781-6355, USA  2: Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 305 Issue 1-3, p362; Subject Term: RELAXATION phenomena; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Romanzetti, S.
AU  - Sommer, W.F.
AU  - Ullmaier, H.
T1  - Helium bubble formation in 800 MeV proton-irradiated 304L stainless steel and alloy 718 during post-irradiation annealing
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 304
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The bubble formation in AISI 304L and Alloy 718 irradiated with 800 MeV protons and annealed at temperatures up to 1100 °C has been studied by TEM. The specimens were obtained from spent target components of the LANSCE facility at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. In this and other spallation sources high concentrations of helium are generated concurrent with the displacement damage. In the specimens irradiated with around <f>3×1025</f> p/m2 (<f>&ap;</f>8.4 dpa), first visible bubbles appeared at 700 °C in Alloy 718 and at 800 °C in 304L stainless steel, respectively. Two temperature regions with different coarsening mechanisms could be identified and interpreted as bubble migration and coalescence at lower temperatures and Ostwald ripening at higher temperatures. From the measured bubble densities and size distributions, He concentrations were determined and compared to values obtained by release and nuclear reaction measurements, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HELIUM
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 7834977; Chen, J. 1; Email Address: j.chen@fz-juelich.de Romanzetti, S. 2 Sommer, W.F. 3 Ullmaier, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Festkörperforschung und Projekt ESS, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany  2: INFM Unit of Ancona, I-60131 Ancona, Italy  3: APT/TPO, MS H809, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 304 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fortner, J.A.
AU  - Kropf, A.J.
AU  - Finch, R.J.
AU  - Bakel, A.J.
AU  - Hash, M.C.
AU  - Chamberlain, D.B.
T1  - Crystal chemistry of uranium (V) and plutonium (IV) in a titanate ceramic for disposition of surplus fissile material
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 304
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
SN  - 00223115
AB  - We report X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectra for the plutonium LIII and uranium LIII edges in titanate pyrochlore ceramic. The titanate ceramics studied are of the type proposed to serve as a matrix for the immobilization of surplus fissile materials. The samples studied contain approximately 10 wt% fissile plutonium and 20 wt% natural uranium, and are representative of material within the planned production envelope. Based upon natural analogue models, it had been previously assumed that both uranium and plutonium would occupy the calcium site in the pyrochlore crystal structure. While the XANES and EXAFS signals from the plutonium LIII are consistent with this substitution into the calcium site within pyrochlore, the uranium XANES is characteristic of pentavalent uranium. Furthermore, the EXAFS signal from the uranium has a distinct oxygen coordination shell at 2.07 A˚ and a total oxygen coordination of about 6, which is inconsistent with the calcium site. These combined EXAFS and XANES results provide the first evidence of substantial pentavalent uranium in an octahedral site in pyrochlore. This may also explain the copious nucleation of rutile (TiO<f>2</f>) precipitates commonly observed in these materials as uranium displaces titanium from the octahedral sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 7834983; Fortner, J.A.; Email Address: fortner@cmt.anl.gov Kropf, A.J. 1 Finch, R.J. 1 Bakel, A.J. 1 Hash, M.C. 1 Chamberlain, D.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4837, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 304 Issue 1, p56; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fan, Z.
AU  - Swadener, J.G.
AU  - Rho, J.Y.
AU  - Roy, M.E.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
T1  - Anisotropic properties of human tibial cortical bone as measured by nanoindentation
JO  - Journal of Orthopaedic Research
JF  - Journal of Orthopaedic Research
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 806
SN  - 07360266
AB  - The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of elastic anisotropy on nanoindentation measurements in human tibial cortical bone. Nanoindentation was conducted in 12 different directions in three principal planes for both osteonic and interstitial lamellae. The experimental indentation modulus was found to vary with indentation direction and showed obvious anisotropy (one-way analysis of variance test, <f>P<0.0001</f>). Because experimental indentation modulus in a specific direction is determined by all of the elastic constants of cortical bone, a complex theoretical model is required to analyze the experimental results. A recently developed analysis of indentation for the properties of anisotropic materials was used to quantitatively predict indentation modulus by using the stiffness matrix of human tibial cortical bone, which was obtained from previous ultrasound studies. After allowing for the effects of specimen preparation (dehydrated specimens in nanoindentation tests vs. moist specimens in ultrasound tests) and the structural properties of bone (different microcomponents with different mechanical properties), there were no statistically significant differences between the corrected experimental indentation modulus (<f>Mexp</f>) values and corresponding predicted indentation modulus (<f>Mpre</f>) values (two-tailed unpaired t-test, <f>P>0.5</f>). The variation of <f>Mpre</f> values was found to exhibit the same trends as the corrected <f>Mexp</f> data. These results show that the effects of anisotropy on nanoindentation measurements can be quantitatively evaluated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Orthopaedic Research is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - TIBIA
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Bone
KW  - Modulus
KW  - Nanoindentation
N1  - Accession Number: 8776513; Fan, Z. 1 Swadener, J.G. 2,3 Rho, J.Y. 1; Email Address: jrho@memphis.edu Roy, M.E. 1 Pharr, G.M. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6093, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6093, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p806; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: TIBIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modulus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stock, S.R.
AU  - Barss, J.
AU  - Dahl, T.
AU  - Veis, A.
AU  - Almer, J.D.
T1  - X-ray absorption microtomography (microCT) and small beam diffraction mapping of sea urchin teeth
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 139
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 10478477
AB  - Two noninvasive X-ray techniques, laboratory X-ray absorption microtomography (microCT) and X-ray diffraction mapping, were used to study teeth of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. MicroCT revealed low attenuation regions at near the tooth’s stone part and along the carinar process—central prism boundary; this latter observation appears to be novel. The expected variation of Mg fraction x in the mineral phase (calcite, <f>Ca1−x MgxCO3</f>) cannot account for all of the linear attenuation coefficient decrease in the two zones: this suggested that soft tissue is localized there. Transmission diffraction mapping (synchrotron X-radiation, 80.8 keV, <f>0.1×0.1 mm2</f> beam area, 0.1 mm translation grid, image plate area detector) simultaneously probed variations in 3-D and showed that the crystal elements of the “T”-shaped tooth were very highly aligned. Diffraction patterns from the keel (adaxial web) and from the abaxial flange (containing primary plates and the stone part) differed markedly. The flange contained two populations of identically oriented crystal elements with lattice parameters corresponding to <f>x=0.13</f> and <f>x=0.32</f>. The keel produced one set of diffraction spots corresponding to the lower x. The compositions were more or less equivalent to those determined by others for camarodont teeth, and the high Mg phase is expected to be disks of secondary mineral epitaxially related to the underlying primary mineral element. Lattice parameter gradients were not noted in the keel or flange. Taken together, the microCT and diffraction results indicated that there was a band of relatively high protein content, of up to <f>∼0.25</f> volume fraction, in the central part of the flange and paralleling its adaxial and abaxial faces. X-ray microCT and microdiffraction data used in conjunction with protein distribution data will be crucial for understanding the properties of various biocomposites and their mechanical functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEA urchins
KW  - LYTECHINUS variegatus
KW  - Lytechinus variegatus
KW  - Microtomography (microCT)
KW  - Sea urchin
KW  - Tooth
KW  - X-ray
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 8517913; Stock, S.R. 1; Email Address: s-stock@northwestern.edu Barss, J. 2 Dahl, T. 2 Veis, A. 2 Almer, J.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Bioengineering and Nanoscience in Advanced Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611-3008, USA  2: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA  3: SRI-CAT, User Program Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 139 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SEA urchins; Subject Term: LYTECHINUS variegatus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lytechinus variegatus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microtomography (microCT); Author-Supplied Keyword: Sea urchin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tooth; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114113 Salt water fishing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolff, John A.
AU  - Balsley, Steven D.
AU  - Gregory, Robert T.
T1  - Oxygen isotope disequilibrium between quartz and sanidine from the Bandelier Tuff, New Mexico, consistent with a short residence time of phenocrysts in rhyolitic magma
JO  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
JF  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 116
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 03770273
AB  - Oxygen isotope analyses are reported from co-existing quartz and feldspar from the Bandelier Tuff and Cerro Toledo high-silica rhyolitic pyroclastic deposits erupted from the Valles caldera, New Mexico. Quartz shows little variation outside analytical error, but δ18O in feldspar varies over >1‰. In most samples, 18O/16O fractionation between quartz and feldspar is significantly less than is predicted for equilibrium at temperatures appropriate for rhyolitic magma. In the Tshirege (upper) Member of the Bandelier Tuff, isotopic fractionation between mineral pairs is close to equilibrium in the later erupted ignimbrite, but non-equilibrium in the initial Plinian deposit. These relationships are interpreted in terms of a model where most phenocrysts are derived from a highly porphyritic carapace around the magma chamber that was disrupted by eruption, thus scattering crystals throughout the magma. Carapace quartz and feldspar are initially isotopically lighter than the bulk aphyric magma, due to chemical communication with low-δ18O country rock in the meteoric/hydrothermal system surrounding the chamber. We assume that quartz and feldspar were initially in isotopic equilibrium. Diffusive re-equilibration of crystals begins when the carapace disintegrates and the minerals are immersed in the bulk magma just prior to and during eruption. Feldspar is isotopically lighter than quartz at equilibrium, but responds more rapidly than quartz to an external change, due to a higher diffusion coefficient for oxygen. Hence, immersion in the isotopically heavier bulk magma causes feldspar and quartz δ18O values to initially converge over ∼102 years, and then diverge over 103–104 years as first feldspar, and then quartz, re-equilibrate with the new magma. Higher δ18O variability of feldspar than quartz indicates that the shorter timescale applies to the Bandelier and Cerro Toledo rhyolites. Two important implications of this interpretation are (1) that the Bandelier magmas developed in an aphyric condition, and their porphyritic character is an artifact of eruption; and (2) that a protective, mechanically rigid cognate carapace around a silicic magma chamber may limit interaction with low-δ18O hydrothermally altered crust, thus hindering the development of significant volumes of low-δ18O silicic magma. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - RHYOLITE
KW  - isotopic disequilibrium
KW  - oxygen isotopes
KW  - rhyolite
KW  - Valles caldera
N1  - Accession Number: 7841056; Wolff, John A. 1; Email Address: jawolff@mail.wsu.edu Balsley, Steven D. 2 Gregory, Robert T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0871, USA  3: Stable Isotope Laboratory, Department of Geological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0395, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 116 Issue 1/2, p119; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: RHYOLITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: isotopic disequilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxygen isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: rhyolite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Valles caldera; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trendafilov, Nickolay T.
AU  - Lippert, Ross A.
T1  - The multimode Procrustes problem
JO  - Linear Algebra & its Applications
JF  - Linear Algebra & its Applications
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 349
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 00243795
AB  - In this paper, we consider a generalization of the well-known Procrustes problem relevant to principal component analysis of multidimensional data arrays. This multimode Procrustes problem is a complex constrained minimization problem which involves the simultaneous least-squares fitting of several matrices. We propose two solutions of the problem: the projected gradient approach which leads to solving ordinary differential equations on matrix manifolds, and differential-geometric approach for optimization on products of matrix manifolds. A numerical example concerning the three-mode Procrustes illustrates the developed algorithms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Linear Algebra & its Applications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - Constrained optimization
KW  - Dynamical system on product manifold
KW  - Manifold of orthogonal and oblique matrices
KW  - Multidimensional data arrays
KW  - Optimality conditions
KW  - Principal components
KW  - Riemannian connection
N1  - Accession Number: 7802151; Trendafilov, Nickolay T. 1; Email Address: i.trendafilova@mecheng.strath.ac.uk Lippert, Ross A. 2; Email Address: ripper@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Strathclyde University, Glasgow G1 1XJ, Scotland, UK  2: Applied Mathematics and Numerical Methods Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 349 Issue 1-3, p245; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: Constrained optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamical system on product manifold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manifold of orthogonal and oblique matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multidimensional data arrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimality conditions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal components; Author-Supplied Keyword: Riemannian connection; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasundaram, Arunkumar
AU  - Shan, Zhaohui
AU  - Gokhale, Arun M.
AU  - Graham, S.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
T1  - Particle rotations during plastic deformation of 5086 aluminum alloy
JO  - Materials Characterization
JF  - Materials Characterization
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 48
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
SN  - 10445803
AB  - Particle fracture is an important void nucleation mode in numerous alloys where fracture is governed by void nucleation and growth processes. The rotations of brittle phase inclusions/particles can facilitate particle cracking (and, therefore, void nucleation) by bringing the inclusions/particles in favorable orientations with respect to the applied/induced tensile load, thereby increasing the void nucleation rate. In this contribution, we present detailed quantitative microstructural data on the rotations of Fe-rich inclusions in a 5086 (O) Al-alloy as a function of strain and stress states. These results are compared with our earlier data on particle rotations in 6061 (T6) Al-alloy, and the differences are explained on the basis of differences in the microstructure and constitutive behavior of the two alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Characterization is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - Aluminum alloy
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - Particle rotation
KW  - Plastic deformation
N1  - Accession Number: 9633028; Balasundaram, Arunkumar 1 Shan, Zhaohui 1 Gokhale, Arun M. 1; Email Address: arun.gokhale@mse.gatech.edu Graham, S. 2 Horstemeyer, M.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 48 Issue 5, p363; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Patrick W.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Mathematical analysis of delay differential equation models of HIV-1 infection
JO  - Mathematical Biosciences
JF  - Mathematical Biosciences
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 179
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 00255564
AB  - Models of HIV-1 infection that include intracellular delays are more accurate representations of the biology and change the estimated values of kinetic parameters when compared to models without delays. We develop and analyze a set of models that include intracellular delays, combination antiretroviral therapy, and the dynamics of both infected and uninfected T cells. We show that when the drug efficacy is less than perfect the estimated value of the loss rate of productively infected T cells, <f>δ</f>, is increased when data is fit with delay models compared to the values estimated with a non-delay model. We provide a mathematical justification for this increased value of <f>δ</f>. We also provide some general results on the stability of non-linear delay differential equation infection models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Biosciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DELAY differential equations
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - T cells
KW  - Combination antiviral therapy
KW  - Delay differential equations
KW  - HIV-1
KW  - Stability analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 7818027; Nelson, Patrick W. 1; Email Address: pwn@math.lsa.umich.edu Perelson, Alan S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, The University of Michigan, 525 E. University, 3071 E. Hall, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1109, USA  2: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 179 Issue 1, p73; Subject Term: DELAY differential equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: T cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combination antiviral therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Delay differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stability analysis; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
AU  - Logan, Jean
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - MacGregor, Robert R.
AU  - Ding, Yu-Shin
T1  - Monoamine oxidase: radiotracer development and human studies
JO  - Methods
JF  - Methods
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 10462023
AB  - Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an integral protein of outer mitochondrial membranes and occurs in neuronal and nonneuronal cells in the brain and in peripheral organs. It oxidizes amines from both endogenous and exogenous sources, thereby influencing the concentration of neurotransmitter amines as well as many xenobiotics. It occurs in two subtypes, MAO A and MAO B, which are different gene products and have different substrate and inhibitor specificities. Both MAO A and B can be imaged and quantified in the living human brain using positron emission tomography (PET) and radiotracers labeled with carbon-11. PET studies have been carried out to measure the effects of age, MAO inhibitor drugs, tobacco smoke exposure, and other factors on MAO activity in the human brain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Methods is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOAMINE oxidase
KW  - MITOCHONDRIAL membranes
N1  - Accession Number: 8511633; Fowler, Joanna S.; Email Address: fowler@bnl.gov Logan, Jean 1 Volkow, Nora D. 1 Wang, Gene-Jack 1 MacGregor, Robert R. 1 Ding, Yu-Shin 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p263; Subject Term: MONOAMINE oxidase; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIAL membranes; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
AU  - Karr, Leslie
AU  - Kornuc, John
AU  - Staat, David
AU  - Wainman, Thomas
AU  - Harre, Bryan
AU  - Sugiyama, Barbara
T1  - Evaluation of aerosol lead measurement techniques using laboratory generated super-micrometer particles
JO  - Microchemical Journal
JF  - Microchemical Journal
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 72
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 0026265X
AB  - High levels of lead in some occupational environments still exist. These include lead paint abatement sites, smelting operations, small arms firing ranges, and other construction scenarios. New emerging technologies provide the capability to provide an on-site alternative to conventional laboratory methods for airborne lead. In this paper we describe the evaluation of two such technologies using laboratory prepared lead-laden super-micron aerosol particles. Size measurements by TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer™ indicated the fluctuation of the peak particle sizes varying less than 1% among different runs for a given solution concentration. The content of lead embedded in the particles varied from 14 to 18% between runs of three different lead solution concentrations. A commercially available instrument for airborne lead measurement, AeroLead™, showed promise of becoming fully validated with the addition of design enhancements, although not fully validated by the end of the research program. Some of these areas being reworked by the manufacturer include working electrode issues, such as a more uniform surface area. Once these have been addressed, the manufacturer plans to complete the field and laboratory validation procedures. In a subsequent study, the ABF-LIPS results shown in this paper indicated that the technology could be used to quantify lead in aerosol form with a signal-to-noise ratio of three or larger of approximately 100 μg m−3 or higher quantity in a few minutes of measurement interval. The estimated detection limit for Pb using the ABF-LIPS prototype was approximately 60 μg m−3. In comparison the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) limit for Pb emission is 250 μg m−3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAD
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - Anodic Stripping Voltammetry technique
KW  - Field-portable instrumentation
KW  - Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy
KW  - Lead, Trace metal
KW  - Vibrating orifice aerosol generator
N1  - Accession Number: 7824594; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov Karr, Leslie 2 Kornuc, John 3 Staat, David 4 Wainman, Thomas 5 Harre, Bryan 2 Sugiyama, Barbara 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Environmental Restoration Branch, Port Hueneme, CA, USA  3: Anteon Corporation, Camarillo, CA, USA  4: Environmental and Life Support Technology, Inc., Englewood, CO, USA  5: Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 72 Issue 2, p209; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Author-Supplied Keyword: Anodic Stripping Voltammetry technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field-portable instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead, Trace metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrating orifice aerosol generator; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dentinger, Paul M.
AU  - Clift, W. Miles
AU  - Goods, Steven H.
T1  - Removal of SU-8 photoresist for thick film applications
JO  - Microelectronic Engineering
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 61/62
M3  - Article
SP  - 993
SN  - 01679317
AB  - SU-8 photoresist has consistently shown excellent resolution in thick film applications, has been utilized as an electroplating mold, and is sensitive to inexpensive UV sources. However, the highly crosslinked epoxy remaining after development is difficult to remove reliably from high aspect ratio structures without damage or alteration to the electroplated metal. A review of physical and chemical removal options is discussed with data on the most promising options shown. Several standard solvent mixtures have proven particularly useful in our laboratory. The solvent systems remove the resist through crazing and peeling rather than dissolution. They are inexpensive, and can be utilized on very low aspect ratio features, or on parts with no included SU-8. Alternatively, a very promising option for reliable removal is downstream chemical etching (DCE; Matrix Integrated Systems, Richmond, CA) which achieved removal rates of approximately 7–10 μm/min at 225 °C for several hundred micron thick molds. At higher temperatures, an inexpensive molten salt bath has shown to be reliable. The K10 (Kolene Corp., Detroit, MI) process salt bath operated at 350 °C is efficient at completely oxidizing the highly crosslinked epoxy. Sputter Auger depth profiling of Ni parts after removal by DCE and molten salt bath indicated only superficial elemental damage to the metal, though deposits of antimony from the photocatalyst are left after DCE. Initial mechanical properties of electroplated Ni tensile specimens subsequent to the salt bath and DCE processing are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronic Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTORESISTS
KW  - THICK films
KW  - LIGA
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Photoresist stripping
KW  - SU-8
N1  - Accession Number: 7817761; Dentinger, Paul M.; Email Address: pmdenti@sandia.gov Clift, W. Miles 1 Goods, Steven H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 61/62, p993; Subject Term: PHOTORESISTS; Subject Term: THICK films; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIGA; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoresist stripping; Author-Supplied Keyword: SU-8; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dentinger, Paul M.
AU  - Krafcik, Karen L.
AU  - Simison, Kelby L.
AU  - Janek, Richard P.
AU  - Hachman, John
T1  - High aspect ratio patterning with a proximity ultraviolet source
JO  - Microelectronic Engineering
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 61/62
M3  - Article
SP  - 1001
SN  - 01679317
AB  - A considerably less expensive option to synchrotron exposures of thick film photoresists is to use a proximity UV exposure tool. The use of UV radiation, however, is potentially limited by aerial image degradation as the image propagates through the thick photoresist layer. In addition to diffraction, run-out from uncollimated light or absorption in the resist easily dominate the aerial image problems for thick films. Alternatively, thick film lithography may be limited by the ability of present photoresists to print the aerial image. With some formulations, calculated line-and-space theoretical limits can be printed for 150-μm thick films. Typical aspect ratios for films greater than 200-μm thick exceed 20:1 with good process linearity and sidewall profiles and extension to 700-μm thick films is shown. We show that present commercial formulations of photoresists and not aerial image are likely the limiting factor in the practical resolution of final features from proximity UV printing. In particular, the redeposition of partially dissolved resist during drying after development leads to feature degradation. Released electrodeposited metal parts are also produced and demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronic Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTORESISTS
KW  - THICK films
KW  - LIGA
KW  - Photoresist
KW  - Proximity printing
KW  - SU-8
N1  - Accession Number: 7817762; Dentinger, Paul M.; Email Address: pmdenti@sandia.gov Krafcik, Karen L. 1 Simison, Kelby L. 1 Janek, Richard P. 1 Hachman, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 61/62, p1001; Subject Term: PHOTORESISTS; Subject Term: THICK films; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIGA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoresist; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proximity printing; Author-Supplied Keyword: SU-8; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkov, V.V.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - De Graef, M.
T1  - A new symmetrized solution for phase retrieval using the transport of intensity equation
JO  - Micron
JF  - Micron
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 33
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
SN  - 09684328
AB  - We propose a novel symmetrization method for solving the transport of intensity equation (TIE) using fast Fourier transforms for situations where the input images may or may not exhibit spatial periodicity. The method is derived from the analysis of intensity conservation law and the internal symmetry of the TIE, and is illustrated for both a computational and an experimental data set. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Micron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Lorentz microscopy
KW  - Phase retrieval
KW  - Transport of intensity equation
N1  - Accession Number: 8774551; Volkov, V.V. 1; Email Address: volkov@bnl.gov Zhu, Y. 1 De Graef, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 33 Issue 5, p411; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lorentz microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase retrieval; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport of intensity equation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bradbury, E. Morton
T1  - Chromatin Structure and Dynamics: State-of-the-Art
JO  - Molecular Cell
JF  - Molecular Cell
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 10972765
AB  - A meeting entitled “Chromatin Structure and Dynamics: State-of-the-Art” organized by Jordanka Zlatanova and Sanford Leuba was held at the NIH from May 8–10, 2002. It was a timely meeting and addressed our current understanding of chromatin structure, dynamics, and function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATIN
KW  - MEETINGS
N1  - Accession Number: 7853582; Bradbury, E. Morton 1; Email Address: emb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616 and Biosciences Division, MS-M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 84745 USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; Subject Term: MEETINGS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grant, William F.
AU  - Owens, Elizabeth T.
T1  - Lycopersicon assays of chemical/radiation genotoxicity for the study of environmental mutagens
JO  - Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
JF  - Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 511
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 13835742
AB  - From a literature survey, 21 chemicals are tabulated that have been evaluated in 39 assays for their clastogenic effects in Lycopersicon. Nineteen of the 21 chemicals are reported as giving a positive reaction (i.e. causing chromosome aberrations). Of these, five are reported positive with a dose response. In addition, 23 assays have been recorded for six types of radiation, all of which reacted positively. The results of 102 assays with 32 chemicals and seven types of radiation tested for the induction of gene mutations are tabulated, as well as 20 chemicals and/or radiation in combined treatments. The Lycopersicon esculentum (<F>2n=24</F>) assay is a very good plant bioassay for assessing chromosome damage both in mitosis and meiosis and for somatic mutations induced by chemicals and radiations. The Lycopersicon bioassay has been shown to be as sensitive and as specific an assay as other plant genotoxicity assays, such as Hordeum vulgare, Vicia faba, Crepis capillaris, Pisum sativum and Allium cepa and should be considered in further studies in assessing clastogenicity. Tests using L. esculentum can be made for a spectrum of mutant phenotypes of which many are identifiable in young seedlings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solanaceae
KW  - Chromosome aberrations
KW  - Karyotype
KW  - Lycopersicon esculentum
KW  - Lycopersicon species
KW  - Mutations
KW  - Nuclear DNA amounts
KW  - Plant genotoxicity bioassay
N1  - Accession Number: 7832000; Grant, William F. 1; Email Address: william.grant@mcgill.ca; Owens, Elizabeth T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Plant Science, P.O. Box 4000, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Que., Canada H9X 3V9; 2: Human Genome and Toxicology Group, Toxicology and Risk Analysis Section, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 511 Issue 3, p207; Thesaurus Term: Solanaceae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosome aberrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Karyotype; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lycopersicon esculentum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lycopersicon species; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear DNA amounts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plant genotoxicity bioassay; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunter, Karlene K.
AU  - Miller, Lisa M.
AU  - Aschner, Michael
AU  - Eliseev, Roman
AU  - Depuis, Derrick
AU  - Gavin, Claire E.
AU  - Gunter, Thomas E.
T1  - XANES Spectroscopy: A Promising Tool for Toxicology:: A Tutorial
JO  - NeuroToxicology
JF  - NeuroToxicology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
SN  - 0161813X
AB  - X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy can provide information on the oxidation state of metal ions within a biological sample and also the complexes in which it is found. This type of information could be of great use to toxicologists in understanding the mechanism of action of many toxic agents. The prospect of using a sophisticated physical technique such as XANES may be somewhat intimidating for those without a strong physical background. Here, we explain the concepts necessary to understand XANES spectroscopy at a level that can be easily understood by biological scientists without a strong physics background and describe useful sample preparation and data analysis techniques which can be adapted for a variety of applications. Examples are taken from an ongoing study of manganese in brain mitochondria and neuron-like cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroToxicology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Manganese oxidation state
KW  - Manganese speciation
KW  - XANES spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7849515; Gunter, Karlene K. 1 Miller, Lisa M. 2 Aschner, Michael 3 Eliseev, Roman 1 Depuis, Derrick 1 Gavin, Claire E. 4 Gunter, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: thomas_gunter@urmc.rochester.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, 575 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA  4: Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT 06340, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p127; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese oxidation state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese speciation; Author-Supplied Keyword: XANES spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R. M
AU  - Miller, S. P
AU  - Jastrow, J. D
AU  - Rivetta, C. B
T1  - Mycorrhizal mediated feedbacks influence net carbon gain and nutrient uptake in Andropogon gerardii.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 155
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 162
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • The carbon sink strength of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was investigated by comparing the growth dynamics of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal Andropogon gerardii plants over a wide range of equivalent tissue phosphorus : nitrogen (P : N) ratios. • Host growth, apparent photosynthesis (A  net  ), net C gain (Cn ) and P and N uptake were evaluated in sequential harvests of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal A. gerardii plants. Response curves were used to assess the effect of assimilate supply on the mycorrhizal symbiosis in relation to the association of C with N and P. • Mycorrhizal plants had higher Cn than nonmycorrhizal plants at equivalent shoot P : N ratios even though colonization did not affect plant dry mass. The higher Cn in mycorrhizal plants was related to both an increase in specific leaf area and enhanced photosynthesis. The additional carbon gain associated with the mycorrhizal condition was not allocated to root biomass. The Cn in the mycorrhizal plants was positively related to the proportion of active colonization in the roots. • The calculated difference between Cn values in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants, Cdiff , appeared to correspond to the sink strength of the AMF and was not an indirect result of enhanced nutrition in mycorrhizal plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MYCORRHIZAL fungi
KW  - ANDROPOGON
KW  - NUTRITION
KW  - Andropogon gerardii
KW  - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
KW  - carbon allocation
KW  - carbon gain
KW  - P : N ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 6814331; Miller, R. M 1 Miller, S. P 2 Jastrow, J. D 1 Rivetta, C. B 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA;  2: Department of Agronomy, University of Kentucky, N-122 Agricultural Sciences North, Lexington, KY 40506-0091, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 155 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: MYCORRHIZAL fungi; Subject Term: ANDROPOGON; Subject Term: NUTRITION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Andropogon gerardii; Author-Supplied Keyword: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: P : N ratio; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00429.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R. M
AU  - Miller, S. P
AU  - Jastrow, J. D
AU  - Rivetta, C. B
T1  - Mycorrhizal mediated feedbacks influence net carbon gain and nutrient uptake in Andropogon gerardii.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 155
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 162
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • The carbon sink strength of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was investigated by comparing the growth dynamics of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal Andropogon gerardii plants over a wide range of equivalent tissue phosphorus : nitrogen (P : N) ratios. • Host growth, apparent photosynthesis (A  net  ), net C gain (Cn ) and P and N uptake were evaluated in sequential harvests of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal A. gerardii plants. Response curves were used to assess the effect of assimilate supply on the mycorrhizal symbiosis in relation to the association of C with N and P. • Mycorrhizal plants had higher Cn than nonmycorrhizal plants at equivalent shoot P : N ratios even though colonization did not affect plant dry mass. The higher Cn in mycorrhizal plants was related to both an increase in specific leaf area and enhanced photosynthesis. The additional carbon gain associated with the mycorrhizal condition was not allocated to root biomass. The Cn in the mycorrhizal plants was positively related to the proportion of active colonization in the roots. • The calculated difference between Cn values in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants, Cdiff , appeared to correspond to the sink strength of the AMF and was not an indirect result of enhanced nutrition in mycorrhizal plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Andropogon
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Mycorrhizal fungi
KW  - Andropogon gerardii
KW  - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
KW  - carbon allocation
KW  - carbon gain
KW  - P : N ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 6814331; Miller, R. M 1; Miller, S. P 2; Jastrow, J. D 1; Rivetta, C. B 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA;; 2: Department of Agronomy, University of Kentucky, N-122 Agricultural Sciences North, Lexington, KY 40506-0091, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 155 Issue 1, p149; Thesaurus Term: Andropogon; Thesaurus Term: Nutrition; Subject Term: Mycorrhizal fungi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Andropogon gerardii; Author-Supplied Keyword: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: P : N ratio; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00429.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vo, D.T.
AU  - Russo, P.A.
T1  - PC/FRAM plutonium isotopic analysis of CdTe gamma-ray spectra
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 486
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 813
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper reports the results of isotopics measurements of plutonium with the new CdTe gamma-ray spectrometer. These are the first wide-range plutonium gamma-ray isotopics analysis results obtained with other than germanium spectrometers. The CdTe spectrometer measured small plutonium reference samples in reasonable count times, covering the range from low to high burnup. The complete experimental hardware included the new, commercial, portable CdTe detector and two commercial portable multichannel analyzers. Version 4 of FRAM is the software that performed the isotopics analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - CdTe
KW  - High resolution
KW  - Non-cryogenic
KW  - Plutonium gamma-ray isotopics
KW  - Portable gamma-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7835081; Vo, D.T.; Email Address: cortiz@lanl.gov Russo, P.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Publications Section MS E540, Safeguard Science & Technology, NIS5, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 486 Issue 3, p813; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: High resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-cryogenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium gamma-ray isotopics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Portable gamma-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Yang, B.X.
AU  - Berg, W.J.
AU  - Chae, Y.C.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Sereno, N.S.
AU  - Dejus, R.J.
AU  - Benson, C.
AU  - Moog, E.
T1  - Utilization of CTR to measure the evolution of electron-beam microbunching in a self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL)
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 486
IS  - 3
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 825
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report on the first measurements of the <f>z</f>-dependent evolution of electron-beam microbunching as revealed through coherent transition radiation (CTR) measurements in a visible self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser experiment. The increase in microbunching was detected by tracking the growth of the visible CTR signals as generated from insertable metal mirrors/foils after each of the last three undulators. The same optical imaging diagnostics that were used to track the <f>z</f>-dependent intensity of the undulator radiation (UR) were also used to track the electron beam/CTR information. Angular distribution, beam size, and intensity data were obtained after each of the last three undulators in the five-undulator series, and spectral information was obtained after the last undulator. The exponential growth rate of the CTR was found to be very similar to that of the UR and consistent with simulations using the code GENESIS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COHERENT states
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - CTR
KW  - FEL
KW  - Microbunching
KW  - SASE
N1  - Accession Number: 7835082; Lumpkin, A.H.; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov Yang, B.X. 1 Berg, W.J. 1 Chae, Y.C. 1 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Sereno, N.S. 1 Dejus, R.J. 1 Benson, C. 1 Moog, E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 401, 9700 South Cass Avenue, 60439, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 486 Issue 3, p825; Subject Term: COHERENT states; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: CTR; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Correction notice
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerasimov, Madina R.
AU  - Logan, Jean
AU  - Ferrieri, Richard A.
AU  - Muller, Ryan D.
AU  - Alexoff, David
AU  - Dewey, Stephen L.
T1  - Effect of vehicle on brain uptake of [11C]toluene
JO  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
JF  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 607
SN  - 09698051
AB  - With the goal of investigating the pharmacokinetics of the abused solvent, toluene we have adapted the rapid coupling of methyl iodide with tributylphenylstannane mediated by palladium(0) complex to the synthesis of no-carrier-added [11C]toluene starting with 11CH3I. Two methods for purification and formulation of the tracer were developed. The first one yielded [11C]toluene dissolved in dimethylacetamide/saline solution, for the second one we adapted supercritical fluid technology where the tracer was purified using and conventional C18 HPLC column and pure supercritical CO2 fluid as a mobile phase operating at 2000 psi. Formulation of the tracer in cyclodextrin resulted in a significantly higher integrated uptake and distribution volume values. Additionally, we observed higher uptake and slower clearance of 11C-toluene in white matter, consistent with higher lipid content and neurotoxicological evidence indicating restricted and diffuse white matter changes in toluene abusers. This trend was observed when either DMA or cyclodextrin was used as a vehicle. It appears then, that the choice of a vehicle affected only the degree of bioavailability, but not the regional brain pharmacokinetics. Finally, we demonstrated the effect of a decreased percent difference between DV values for the studies performed on the same day, that is, test/retest variability was lower for all brain regions in β-cyclodextrin experiments. Present results clearly demonstrate that the choice of a vehicle has a significant effect on tracer uptake and should be considered as a potential factor contributing to the pharmacokinetic measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Medicine & Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - Brain uptake
KW  - Inhalants
KW  - PET
KW  - Vehicle
N1  - Accession Number: 7831884; Gerasimov, Madina R. 1; Email Address: madina@bnl.gov Logan, Jean 1 Ferrieri, Richard A. 1 Muller, Ryan D. 1 Alexoff, David 1 Dewey, Stephen L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 29 Issue 5, p607; Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Subject Term: BRAIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain uptake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhalants; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Irastorza, I.G.
AU  - Morales, A.
AU  - Aalseth, C.E.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Brodzinski, R.L.
AU  - Cebrián, S.
AU  - García, E.
AU  - Kirpichnikov, I.V.
AU  - Klimenko, A.A.
AU  - Miley, H.S.
AU  - Morales, J.
AU  - Ortiz de Solórzano, A.
AU  - Osetrov, S.B.
AU  - Pogosov, V.S.
AU  - Puimedón, J.
AU  - Reeves, J.H.
AU  - Sarsa, M.L.
AU  - Smolnikov, A.A.
AU  - Tamanyan, A.G.
AU  - Vasenko, A.A.
T1  - Present status of IGEX dark matter search at Canfranc Underground Laboratory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 09205632
AB  - One IGEX 76Ge double-beta decay detector is currently operating in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in a search for dark matter WIMPs, through the Ge nuclear recoil produced by the WIMP elastic scattering. A new exclusion plot, σ(m), has been derived for WIMP-nucleon spin-independent interactions. To obtain this result, 40 days of data from the IGEX detector (energy threshold Ethr ∼ 4 keV), recently collected, have been analyzed. These data improve the exclusion limits derived from all the other ionization germanium detectors in the mass region from 20 GeV to 200 GeV, where a WIMP supposedly responsible for the annual modulation effect reported by the DAMA experiment would be located. The new IGEX exclusion contour enters, by the first time, the DAMA region by using only raw data, with no background discrimination, and excludes its upper left part. It is also shown that with a moderate improvement of the detector performances, the DAMA region could be fully explored. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - BETA decay
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 7835287; Irastorza, I.G. 1; Email Address: Igor.Irastorza@cern.ch Morales, A. 1 Aalseth, C.E. 2 Avignone III, F.T. 2 Brodzinski, R.L. 3 Cebrián, S. 1 García, E. 1 Kirpichnikov, I.V. 4 Klimenko, A.A. 4 Miley, H.S. 3 Morales, J. 1 Ortiz de Solórzano, A. 1 Osetrov, S.B. 5 Pogosov, V.S. 6 Puimedón, J. 1 Reeves, J.H. 3 Sarsa, M.L. 1 Smolnikov, A.A. 5 Tamanyan, A.G. 6 Vasenko, A.A. 5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Nuclear and High Energy Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain  2: University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352 USA  4: Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117 259 Moscow, Russia  5: Institute for Nuclear Research, Baksan Neutrino Observatory, 361 609 Neutrino, Russia  6: Yerevan Physical Institute, 375 036 Yerevan, Armenia; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p55; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: BETA decay; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aalseth, C.E.
AU  - Arik, E.
AU  - Autiero, D.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Barth, K.
AU  - Bowyer, S.M.
AU  - Brauninger, H.
AU  - Brodzinski, R.L.
AU  - Carmona, J.M.
AU  - Cebrian, S.
AU  - Celebi, G.
AU  - Cetin, S.
AU  - Collar, J.I.
AU  - Creswick, R.
AU  - Delbart, A.
AU  - Delattre, M.
AU  - DiLella, L.
AU  - De Oliveira, R.
AU  - Eleftheriadis, Ch.
AU  - Erdutan, N.
T1  - The cern axion solar telescope (CAST)
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A decommissioned LHC test magnet is being prepared as the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) experiment. The magnet has a field of 9.6 Tesla and length of 10 meters. It is being mounted on a platform to track the sun over ±8° vertically and ±45°, horizontally. A sensitivity in axion-photon coupling gαγγ < 5 × 10−11GeV−1 can be reached for mα ≤ 10−2eV, and with a gas filled tube-can reach gαγγ ≤ 10−10GeV−1 for axion masses mα < 2eV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR telescopes
KW  - SUN
N1  - Accession Number: 7835297; Aalseth, C.E. 1,2 Arik, E. 3 Autiero, D. 4 Avignone III, F.T. 2 Barth, K. 4 Bowyer, S.M. 1 Brauninger, H. 5 Brodzinski, R.L. 1 Carmona, J.M. 6 Cebrian, S. 6 Celebi, G. 3 Cetin, S. 3 Collar, J.I. 7 Creswick, R. 2 Delbart, A. 8 Delattre, M. 4 DiLella, L. 4 De Oliveira, R. 4 Eleftheriadis, Ch. 9 Erdutan, N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA  3: Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey  4: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)Geneva, Switzerland  5: Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garshing, Germany  6: Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain  7: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago,Illinois 60637, USA  8: Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France  9: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p85; Subject Term: SOLAR telescopes; Subject Term: SUN; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saab, T.
AU  - Abrams, D.
AU  - Akerib, D.
AU  - A. Bauer, D.
AU  - L. Brink, P.
AU  - Cabrera, B.
AU  - P. Castle, J.
AU  - Chang, C.
AU  - Crisler, M.B.
AU  - Driscoll, D.
AU  - Emes, J.
AU  - Huber, M.
AU  - Gaitskell, R.J.
AU  - Hellmig, J.
AU  - Mandic, V.
AU  - Martinis, J.
AU  - Meunier, P.
AU  - Perillo-Isaac, M.
AU  - Perera, T.
AU  - Sadoulet, B.
T1  - Deployment of the first CDMS II ZIP Detectors at the Stanford Underground Facility
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 100
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The CDMS II experiment deployed the first set of ZIP (Z-dependent Ionization and Phonon) detectors at the Stanford Underground Facility (SUF) shallow depth site in the spring of 2000. With a payload consisting of 3 Ge (250g ea.) and 3 Si (100g ea.) ZIPs, the run was the first demostration of multiple ZIPs operating simltaneously. Good discrimination between electron and nuclear recoil events of 99.8% was established, down to recoil energies of 10 keV. A measurement of the γ, β, and neutron backgrounds was made. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 7835302; Saab, T. 1 Abrams, D. 1 Akerib, D. 2 A. Bauer, D. 3 L. Brink, P. 1 Cabrera, B. 1 P. Castle, J. 1 Chang, C. 1 Crisler, M.B. 4 Driscoll, D. 2 Emes, J. 5 Huber, M. 6 Gaitskell, R.J. 7 Hellmig, J. 8 Mandic, V. 8 Martinis, J. 9 Meunier, P. 8 Perillo-Isaac, M. 8 Perera, T. 2 Sadoulet, B. 8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  2: Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80217, USA  7: Departement of Physics and Astronomy, University College of London, London, UK  8: Center for Particle Astrophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  9: National Institue of Standrards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p100; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vermul, V.M.
AU  - Abdurashitov, J.N.
AU  - Bowles, T.J.
AU  - Cherry, M.L.
AU  - Cleveland, B.T.
AU  - Davis Jr., R.
AU  - Elliott, S.R.
AU  - Gavrin, V.N.
AU  - Girin, S.V.
AU  - Gorbachev, V.V.
AU  - Ibragimova, T.V.
AU  - Kalikhov, A.V.
AU  - Khairnasov, N.G.
AU  - Knodel, T.V.
AU  - Lande, K.
AU  - Mirmov, I.N.
AU  - Nico, J.S.
AU  - Shikhin, A.A.
AU  - Teasdale, W.A.
AU  - Veretenkin, E.P.
T1  - Results from SAGE
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We report the results of 11 years of solar neutrino observation by the Russian-American Gallium solar neutrino Experiment (SAGE). The overall result of 84 runs during the measurement period January 1990 through March 2001 is 75.6 +5.9/−5.8 (stat.) +3.5/−3.0 (syst.) SNU. This represents only slightly more than half of the predicted standard solar model rate of 129 SNU. The individual results of each run, as well as the results of combined analysis of all runs are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - SUN
N1  - Accession Number: 7835335; Vermul, V.M. 1,2 Abdurashitov, J.N. 2 Bowles, T.J. 3 Cherry, M.L. 4,5 Cleveland, B.T. 6 Davis Jr., R. 7 Elliott, S.R. 6 Gavrin, V.N. 2 Girin, S.V. 2 Gorbachev, V.V. 2 Ibragimova, T.V. 2 Kalikhov, A.V. 2 Khairnasov, N.G. 2 Knodel, T.V. 2 Lande, K. 7 Mirmov, I.N. 2 Nico, J.S. 8 Shikhin, A.A. 2 Teasdale, W.A. 3 Veretenkin, E.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia  2: Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312, Moscow, Russia  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  4: Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA  5: Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA  6: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA  7: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA  8: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p315; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Subject Term: SUN; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abdurashitov, J.N.
AU  - Gavrin, V.N.
AU  - Mirmov, I.N.
AU  - Veretenkin, E.P.
AU  - Yants, V.E.
AU  - Oshkanov, N.N.
AU  - Karpenko, A.I.
AU  - Maltsev, V.V.
AU  - Barsanov, V.I.
AU  - Trubin, K.S.
AU  - Zlokazov, S.B.
AU  - Khomyakov, Yu.S.
AU  - Poplavsky, V.M.
AU  - Saraeva, T.O.
AU  - Vasiliev, B.A.
AU  - Mishin, O.V.
AU  - Bowles, T.J.
AU  - Teasdale, W.A.
AU  - Lande, K.
AU  - Wildenhain, P.
T1  - The New Status of Argon-37 Artificial Neutrino Source Project
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 326
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Solution of the solar neutrino problem is significantly depends on the next generation of detectors that can measure the neutrino radiation from the Sun in intermediate energies. An intense (∼ 1 MCi) 37Ar source would be an ideal tool for the calibration of new solar neutrino detectors. The technology of the production of such a source is based on the irradiation of a large mass of a Ca-containing target in a high-flux fast-neutron reactor. Produced 37Ar extracted from this target, will be purified and encapsulated in a source holder. A joint scientific collaboration of Russian, US and Japanese institutions are researching and developing the initial steps of this work and are funded by ISTC and CRDF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - SUN
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 7835338; Abdurashitov, J.N. Gavrin, V.N. Mirmov, I.N. Veretenkin, E.P. Yants, V.E. 1 Oshkanov, N.N. Karpenko, A.I. Maltsev, V.V. 2 Barsanov, V.I. Trubin, K.S. Zlokazov, S.B. 3 Khomyakov, Yu.S. Poplavsky, V.M. Saraeva, T.O. 4 Vasiliev, B.A. Mishin, O.V. 5 Bowles, T.J. Teasdale, W.A. 6 Lande, K. Wildenhain, P. 7; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312, Russia  2: Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Plant of the Minatom of Russia Zarechny 624051, Russia  3: SF NIKIET of the Minatom of Russia Zarechny 624051, Russia  4: Institute of Physics and Power Engineering Obninsk 249020, Russia  5: OKBM of the Minatom of Russia Nizhniy Novgorod, 603074, Russia  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, 87545 USA  7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p326; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Subject Term: SUN; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aalseth, Craig E.
AU  - Miley, Harry S.
T1  - The Majorana project: 76Ge 0ν ββ-decay neutrino mass measurement
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Interest in, and the relevance of, next-generation 0ν ββ-decay experiments is increasing. Even with nonzero neutrino mass strongly suggested by SNO, Super Kamiokande, and similar experiments sensitive to δm2, 0ν ββ-decay experiments are still the only way to establish the Dirac or Majorana nature of neutrinos by measuring effective electron neutrino mass, 〈mν〉. Various theorists have recently argued in favor of a neutrino mass between 0.01 and 1 eV. The Majorana Project aims to probe this effective neutrino mass range, reaching a sensitivity of 0.02–0.07 eV. The experiment relies entirely on proven technology and has been devised based upon the materials, technology, and data analysis demonstrated to produce the lowest background per kilogram of fiducial germanium. The project plan includes 500 kg of germanium detector material enriched to 85% in 76Ge, specialized pulse-acquisition electronics and detector segmentation for background rejection, and underground electroformed copper support hardware. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 7835359; Aalseth, Craig E. 1 Miley, Harry S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p392; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stefanski, Ray
T1  - The status of MiniBooNE
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
SN  - 09205632
AB  - This paper provides a brief status report for Fermilab E-898, the mini-Booster Neutrino Experiment (mini-BooNE). Presently concentrating on construction activities associated with the beam and detector, the collaboration is looking forward to the day when data taking and analysis will more fully occupy its time. First beam is expected in the Spring of 2002, and initial results are anticipated in 2003. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO astrophysics
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 7835369; Stefanski, Ray 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia IL, 60510, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p420; Subject Term: NEUTRINO astrophysics; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blasi, P.
AU  - Dick, R.
AU  - Kolb, E.W.
T1  - Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: The annihilation of super-heavy relics
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 494
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We investigate the possibility that ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) originate from the annihilation of relic superheavy (SH) dark matter in the Galactic halo. In order to fit the data on UHECRs, a cross section of 〈σ Aν〉 ∼ 10−26cm2(Mx/1012 GeV)<F>SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>3</NU><DE>2</DE></FR></F> is required if the SH dark matter follows a Navarro—Frenk—White (NFW) density profile. This would require extremely large-l contributions to the annihilation cross section. An interesting finding of our calculation is that the annihilation in sub-galactic clumps of dark matter dominates over the annihilations in the smooth dark matter halo, thus implying much smaller values of the cross section needed to explain the observed fluxes of UHECRs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SUPERHEAVY elements
KW  - GALACTIC halos
N1  - Accession Number: 7835387; Blasi, P. 1; Email Address: blasi@arcetri.astro.it Dick, R. 2 Kolb, E.W. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo Enrico Fermi, 5 - 50125 Firenze, Italy  2: Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada  3: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500 USA  4: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637-1433 USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p494; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SUPERHEAVY elements; Subject Term: GALACTIC halos; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldschmidt, A.
T1  - Scientific Goals of the IceCube Neutrino Detector at the South Pole
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 516
SN  - 09205632
AB  - IceCube is a proposed ice-Cherenkov kilometer scale neutrino telescope, to be located at the South Pole. Its science potential covers a wide range of topics from Active Galatic Nuclei and Gamma Ray Bursters neutrino emission to WIMP annihilation into neutrinos. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO astrophysics
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - TELESCOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 7835394; Goldschmidt, A. 1; Email Address: AGoldschmidt@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron RD, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p516; Subject Term: NEUTRINO astrophysics; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Omenetto, Fiorenzo G.
AU  - Chung, Yeojin
AU  - Yarotski, Dzmitry
AU  - Schaefer, Tobias
AU  - Gabitov, Ildar
AU  - Taylor, Antoinette J.
T1  - Phase analysis of nonlinear femtosecond pulse propagation and self-frequency shift in optical fibers
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 208
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 00304018
AB  - Phase sensitive analysis of femtosecond pulse propagation in optical fibers employing frequency resolved optical gating (FROG) is presented and compared to numerical simulations employing a modified cubic nonlinear Schro¨dinger equation (NLSE). Phase information obtained from deconvolution of the experimental traces allows the observation and characterization of specific pulse propagation features as a function of energy and distance. The experimental observation of the phase signature of a soliton during propagation and the phase properties of the soliton self-frequency shift are described and are found to be in remarkable agreement with the simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - OPTICAL fibers
N1  - Accession Number: 7835233; Omenetto, Fiorenzo G. 1; Email Address: omenetto@lanl.gov Chung, Yeojin 2 Yarotski, Dzmitry 3 Schaefer, Tobias 3 Gabitov, Ildar 3 Taylor, Antoinette J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-10, MSK764, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-5255, USA  3: Theoretical Division, T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 208 Issue 1-3, p191; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: OPTICAL fibers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hughey, Christine A.
AU  - Rodgers, Ryan P.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Qian, Kuangnan
AU  - Robbins, Winston K.
T1  - Identification of acidic NSO compounds in crude oils of different geochemical origins by negative ion electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
JO  - Organic Geochemistry
JF  - Organic Geochemistry
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 33
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 743
SN  - 01466380
AB  - We present the selective ionization, resolution and identification of acidic NSO compounds in three crude oils of different geochemical origins by negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Selective ionization by ESI affords direct detection of neutral nitrogen compounds and carboxylic acids in petroleum without pre-chromatographic isolation. Ultra-high resolution/mass accuracy allows detailed and positive identification of acidic NSO compounds in the crude oils. Observed compositional differences reflect known crude oil properties/histories. Collectively, ∼14,000 masses, spanning 18 different heteroatomic classes, are identified unequivocally, demonstrating the potential of ESI-FT-ICR MS for geochemical applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Organic Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrogen compounds
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7837435; Hughey, Christine A. 1,2; Rodgers, Ryan P. 1; Marshall, Alan G. 1,2; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu; Qian, Kuangnan 3; Robbins, Winston K. 3; Affiliations: 1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; 2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; 3: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ 08801, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 33 Issue 7, p743; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen compounds; Thesaurus Term: Petroleum; Subject Term: Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sparn, G.
AU  - Borth, R.
AU  - Lengyel, E.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Steglich, F.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
T1  - Unconventional superconductivity in CeCoIn5—a high pressure study
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 319
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The hybridization between a periodic lattice of almost localized (core like) electrons (of lanthanides or actinides) and band electrons has challenged researchers for over 30 years to unravel its microscopic origin and the many puzzling physical phenomena related to it. Among such phenomena are very unusual normal state properties, which differ strongly from Landau–Fermi liquid (FL) behavior or exciting unconventional forms of superconductivity. Here, we report on experimental studies of a recently discovered new class of these heavy fermion superconductors: CeTIn5 (<f>T</f>: transition metal). Our studies point towards the realization of unconventional superconductivity in these compounds. In both CeIrIn5 and in CeCoIn5 the specific heat <f>C(T)</f>, thermal conductivity <f>κ(T)</f> and nuclear spin-relaxation rate decrease as a power law of temperature instead of exponentially for <f>T<Tc</f>. We present results of measurements of the heat capacity of CeCoIn5 at hydrostatic pressures <f>p&les;1.6</f> GPa. In CeCoIn5 (as well as in CeIrIn5), <f>Tc</f> increases with increasing pressure, while the effective mass of the quasiparticles, <f>meff</f>, decreases as indicated by the ratio <f>C/T(T&ges;Tc)</f>. As a working hypothesis based on theories of a nearly antiferromagnetic FL this may be interpreted as the stabilization of the superconducting state by the increase of the characteristic spin-fluctuation temperature <f>TSF(TSF∝kF2/meff)</f>. Interestingly, in CeIrIn5 the ratio <f>ΔC/γTc=0.8</f> is small and almost stays constant with increasing pressure, while in CeCoIn5 <f>ΔC/γTc&ap;5</f> is extremely large but starts to decrease rapidly at <f>p&ges;0.8</f> GPa where <f>Tc(p)</f> approaches a maximum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - Heavy-fermion superconductivity
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Non-fermi liquid
N1  - Accession Number: 7826863; Sparn, G. 1; Email Address: sparn@cpfs.mpg.de Borth, R. 1 Lengyel, E. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 2 Steglich, F. 1 Thompson, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institute for the Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 319 Issue 1-4, p262; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-fermion superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-fermi liquid; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Galli, F.
AU  - Nieuwenhuys, G.J.
AU  - MacLaughlin, D.E.
AU  - Heffner, R.H.
AU  - Amato, A.
AU  - Bernal, O.O.
AU  - Mydosh, J.A.
T1  - <f>μSR</f> studies on the charge density waves in <f>RE5Ir4Si10</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 319
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The series of intermetallic compounds <f>RE5Ir4Si10</f> (<f>RE=rare</f>-earth) shows unusual charge density wave (CDW) order for temperatures lower than <f>160 K</f>. This work presents a muon spin rotation <f>(μSR)</f> study, in zero external field, on single crystalline samples of the magnetic <f>Er5Ir4Si10</f> (<f>TCDW=155</f> and <f>55 K</f>) and polycrystalline samples of <f>Er5Ir4Ge10</f> (no CDW). The muon relaxation rate <f>λ</f> is strongly temperature dependent in both compounds. Furthermore, upon cooling below the CDW transition temperatures, a kink is seen in <f>λ</f> in <f>Er5Ir4Si10</f>. We interpret this result as a signature of the change in the density of states due to the establishment of the CDW. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - <f>μSR</f> studies
KW  - <f>RE5Ir4Si10</f>
KW  - Charge density waves
N1  - Accession Number: 7826866; Galli, F. 1; Email Address: galli@phys.leidenuniv.nl Nieuwenhuys, G.J. 1 MacLaughlin, D.E. 2 Heffner, R.H. 3 Amato, A. 4 Bernal, O.O. 5 Mydosh, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Rijksuniversiteit Leiden, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands  2: University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-10, MS K764, Los Alamos, USA  4: Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland  5: California State University, Los Angeles, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 319 Issue 1-4, p282; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>μSR</f> studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>RE5Ir4Si10</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge density waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rogers, A.
AU  - Ellsworth, D. S.
T1  - Photosynthetic acclimation of Pinus taeda (loblolly pine) to long-term growth in elevated p CO2 (FACE).
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 25
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 851
EP  - 858
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - Abstract Growth in elevated p CO2 generally leads to a stimulation of net CO2 uptake rate. However, with long-term growth the magnitude of this stimulation is often reduced. This phenomenon, termed acclimation, has been largely attributed to a loss of Rubisco (ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase). The mechanism by which Rubisco content declines with long-term growth is not certain. There is evidence for a sugar-mediated, selective down-regulation of Rubisco protein and also for a non-selective loss of total leaf nitrogen, which impacts Rubisco levels indirectly. Over a season, and including needles at different developmental stages, we investigated these two potential mechanisms in well-developed Pinus taeda grown for approximately 2·5 years in elevated (56 Pa) p CO2 using free air CO2 enrichment technology. Photosynthetic acclimation, as manifested by a decrease in the activity of Rubisco measured both in vivo (- 25%, via gas exchange) and in vitro (- 35%, via enzyme assays), was observed with growth in elevated p CO2 . This acclimation was observed in one-year-old needles but not in current-year needles. Needles exhibiting acclimation had reduced levels of Lsu Rubisco (- 25%) and an increased foliar carbohydrate content (+ 30%) but showed no evidence of a decrease in needle nitrogen or total protein content. These data support the concept that photosynthetic acclimation in elevated p CO2 is caused by a selective down-regulation of Rubisco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - gas exchange
KW  - phenology
KW  - Pinus taeda
KW  - Rubisco
N1  - Accession Number: 6894909; Rogers, A. 1 Ellsworth, D. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York 11973-5000, USA and  2: School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Michigan 48109-1115, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 25 Issue 7, p851; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: phenology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus taeda; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00868.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Przewloka, Marcin R.
AU  - Wierzbicki, Andrzej T.
AU  - Ślusarczyk, Joanna
AU  - Kuraś, Mieczyslaw
AU  - Grasser, Klaus D.
AU  - Stemmer, Christian
AU  - Jerzmanowski, Andrzej
T1  - The "drought-inducible" histone H1s of tobacco play no role in male sterility linked to alterations in H1 variants.
JO  - Planta
JF  - Planta
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 215
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 379
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00320935
AB  - Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) has two major H1 variants (H1A and H1B), which account for over 80% of chromatin linker histones, and four minor variants: H1C, H1D, H1E and H1F. We have shown previously [M. Prymakowska-Bosak et al. (1999) Plant Cell 11:2317–2329] that reversal of the natural proportion of major to minor H1 variants in transgenic tobacco plants results in a characteristic male-sterility phenotype identical to that occurring in many plant species subjected to water deficit at the time of male meiosis. It has been proposed by others that the drought-induced arrest of male gametophyte development is linked to decreased sugar delivery to reproductive tissues. Within the family of angiosperm H1s there is a well-defined class of minor H1 variants named "drought inducible" because some of its members have been shown to be induced by water deficit. We have identified and cloned the tobacco H1C gene, which, based on sequence similarity, represents a "drought-inducible" minor H1 variant. Analysis of the un-translated mRNA and promoter regions of H1C suggests a regulation by sucrose concentration. Antisense silencing of H1C and its close homologue H1D in plants that do not express H1A and H1B does not affect the characteristic H1A–/H1B– male-sterility phenotype. Silencing of H1C and H1D also has no effect on growth and development of plants. Our findings demonstrate that H1C and H1D are dispensable for normal growth and development of tobacco, and that the compensatory up-regulation of "drought-inducible" H1s observed in H1A–/H1B– plants is not the direct cause of male sterility linked to alterations in H1 variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Planta is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant development
KW  - Plant-water relationships
KW  - Genotype-environment interaction
KW  - Developmental biology
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Classification of plants
KW  - Drought
KW  - H1 histone
KW  - Male sterility
KW  - Nicotiana (male sterility)
N1  - Accession Number: 16126213; Przewloka, Marcin R. 1,2; Wierzbicki, Andrzej T. 1; Ślusarczyk, Joanna 3; Kuraś, Mieczyslaw 4; Grasser, Klaus D. 5; Stemmer, Christian 5; Jerzmanowski, Andrzej 1,6; Email Address: andyj@ibb.waw.pl; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Warsaw University, Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; 2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Swietokrzyska Academy, Swietokrzyska 15, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; 4: Department of Plant Morphogenesis, Warsaw University, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; 5: Department of Life Science, Aalborg University, Sohngaardsholmsvej 49, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; 6: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 215 Issue 3, p371; Thesaurus Term: Plant development; Thesaurus Term: Plant-water relationships; Thesaurus Term: Genotype-environment interaction; Thesaurus Term: Developmental biology; Subject Term: Tobacco; Subject Term: Classification of plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: H1 histone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Male sterility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nicotiana (male sterility); NAICS/Industry Codes: 111910 Tobacco Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424940 Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453991 Tobacco Stores; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00425-002-0758-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Waste Management and Planning: Edited by Jane C. Powell, R. Kerry Turner, Ian J. Bateman, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA, Hardback, ISBN 1 84064 217 3, p. 616
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 83
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 8545352; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Tech Division, Energy Analysis Department, Mail Stop 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p83; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Materials Matter, Towards a Sustainable Materials Policy: Kenneth Geiser (foreword by Barry Commoner), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, June 2001. Paperback/hardback, ISBN 0-262-57148-X, p. 317
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 84
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 8545353; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Tech Division, Energy Analysis Department, Mail Stop 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p84; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, V.L.
AU  - Smith, J.L.
AU  - Bolton Jr., H.
T1  - Fungal-to-bacterial ratios in soils investigated for enhanced C sequestration
JO  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
JF  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 997
AB  - Fungi and bacteria govern most of the transformations and ensuing long-term storage of organic C in soils. We assessed the relative contributions of these two groups of organisms to the microbial biomass and activity of soils from five different ecosystems with treatments hypothesized to enhance soil C sequestration: (1) desert (an elevation gradient allowed comparison of soil developed in a cooler, moister climate with soil developed in a warmer, drier climate), (2) restored tallgrass prairie (land reverted to native prairie in 1979 and neighboring land farmed to row crops for ∼100 year), (3,4) two forest types (Douglas fir and loblolly pine, unfertilized control and N-fertilized plots), and (5) agricultural land (conventional- and no-till management systems). The selective inhibition technique, using captan (fungicide) and oxytetracycline hydrochloride (bactericide), was used to determine the activities (respiration) of fungi and bacteria in each of these soils and substrate-induced respiration was used to measure total active soil microbial biomass C. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis was used to determine the composition of the soil microbial biomass and determine if the activities and structure of the microbial communities were related. Differences in fungal-to-bacterial (F:B) activities between treatments at a site were greatest at the prairie sites. The restored prairie had the highest F:B (13.5) and high total C (49.9 g C kg−1 soil); neighboring soil farmed to corn had an F:B of 0.85 and total C of 36.0 g C kg−1 soil. Within the pairs of study soils, those that were tilled had lower fungal activities and stored C than those that were managed to native or no-till systems. In all pairs of soils, soils that had higher absolute fungal activities also had more total soil C and when two extreme cases were removed fungal activity was correlated with total soil C <f>(R2=0.85).</f> Thus, in this small set of diverse soils, increased fungal activities, more than F:B ratios, were associated with increased soil C. Practices that involved invasive land management decreased fungal activity and stored soil C compared to similar soils that were less intrusively managed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Biology & Biochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - FUNGI
KW  - BACTEREMIA
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Carbon storage
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Phospholipid fatty acids
KW  - Selective inhibition
N1  - Accession Number: 7825204; Bailey, V.L. 1; Email Address: vanessa.bailey@pnl.gov Smith, J.L. 2 Bolton Jr., H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p997; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: FUNGI; Subject Term: BACTEREMIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fungi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phospholipid fatty acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective inhibition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Sun-Ju
AU  - Wachsman, Eric D.
AU  - Dorris, Stephen E.
AU  - Balachandran, Uthamalingam
T1  - Defect chemistry modeling of high-temperature proton-conducting cerates
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 149
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01672738
AB  - The appropriate equations governing proton incorporation into perovskite oxides with an emphasis on high-temperature proton conductors (HTPCs) are reviewed. The prototypical compound SrCe0.95Y0.05O3−δ is considered in detail. The mathematical approach of Poulsen is applied and the defect concentrations are modeled with a C language routine. A cluster-defect model is not considered here. Defect concentrations are calculated as a function of water vapor pressure and oxygen partial pressure. The solutions are presented in the form of two- and three-dimensional graphs of defect concentrations versus water vapor and oxygen partial pressures. Their physical meanings are explained by pertinent proton incorporation equations. Effects of water vapor pressure and A/B ratio on the n–p transition point are simulated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - Defect modeling
KW  - High-temperature proton conductors
KW  - Mixed protonic–electronic conductor
N1  - Accession Number: 7817805; Song, Sun-Ju 1 Wachsman, Eric D. 1; Email Address: ewach@mse.ufl.edu Dorris, Stephen E. 2 Balachandran, Uthamalingam 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 149 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature proton conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed protonic–electronic conductor; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marina, Olga A.
AU  - Canfield, Nathan L.
AU  - Stevenson, Jeff W.
T1  - Thermal, electrical, and electrocatalytical properties of lanthanum-doped strontium titanate
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 149
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Thermal, electrical and electrocatalytical properties of LaxSr1−xTiO3, where x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.35, and 0.4, perovskite compositions are studied in relation to their potential use as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode materials. An emphasis is made on the effect of oxidation–reduction cycling on these properties. Depending on the dopant amount, x, and the oxygen partial pressure, LaxSr1−xTiO3 possesses an electrical conductivity on the order of 0.01–500 S/cm at 800–1000 °C. The thermal expansion of LaxSr1−xTiO3 is close to that of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). No significant chemical expansion or contraction of LaxSr1−xTiO3 with x<0.4 is observed when exposed to a wide variation in pO2. LaxSr1−xTiO3 is found to be dimensionally and chemically stable when subjected to oxidation–reduction cycling. Cell tests demonstrated the potential ability of the doped titanates to be used as SOFC anodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRONTIUM compounds
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - Electrical conductivity
KW  - Lanthanum-doped strontium titanate
KW  - Oxidation–reduction cycling
KW  - SOFC anode
N1  - Accession Number: 7817807; Marina, Olga A.; Email Address: olga.marina@pnl.gov Canfield, Nathan L. 1 Stevenson, Jeff W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 149 Issue 1/2, p21; Subject Term: STRONTIUM compounds; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum-doped strontium titanate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation–reduction cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOFC anode; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozkan, Esra
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Tepehan, Fatma Z.
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Electrochromic and optical properties of mesoporous tungsten oxide films
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 149
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Standard and mesoporous sol–gel tungsten oxide thin films were prepared by a spin-coating technique from an ethanolic solution of tungsten hexachloride. A block copolymer (BASF™ Pluronic p123) was employed as a template to generate the mesoporous structure. An ultraviolet (UV) illumination method was employed to remove the polymer templates at room temperature. The electrochromic and optical properties of the mesoporous films are described and compared to standard sol–gel tungsten oxide films. Results are also presented on the samples prepared by thermal treatment. We demonstrate that the UV illumination/ozone treatment is a superior method to remove templates which enables us to more effectively investigate the effect of mesoporosity on the electrokinetics of ion insertion into tungsten oxide films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TUNGSTEN oxides
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Electrochromism
KW  - Insertion kinetics
KW  - Mesoporous tungsten oxide
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - UV illumination
N1  - Accession Number: 7817822; Ozkan, Esra 1,2 Lee, Se-Hee 1 Liu, Ping 1; Email Address: ping_liu@nrel.gov Tracy, C. Edwin 1 Tepehan, Fatma Z. 2 Pitts, J. Roland 1 Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 80626, Turkey; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 149 Issue 1/2, p139; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN oxides; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insertion kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous tungsten oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: UV illumination; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - From plasma immersion ion implantation to deposition: a historical perspective on principles and trends
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 156
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Plasma immersion techniques of surface modification are known under a myriad of names. The family of techniques reaches from pure plasma ion implantation, to ion implantation and deposition hybrid modes, to modes that are essentially plasma film deposition with substrate bias. In the most general sense, all plasma immersion techniques have in common that the surface of a substrate (target) is exposed to plasma and that relatively high substrate bias is applied. The bias is usually pulsed. In this review, the roots of immersion techniques are explored, some going back to the 1800s, followed by a discussion of the groundbreaking works of Adler and Conrad in the 1980s. In the 1990s, plasma immersion techniques matured in theoretical understanding, scaling, and the range of applications. First commercial facilities are now operational. Various immersion concepts are compiled and explained in this review. While gas (often nitrogen) ion implantation dominated the early years, film-forming immersion techniques and semiconductor processing gained importance. In the 1980s and 1990s we have seen exponential growth of the field but signs of slowdown are clear since 1998. Nevertheless, plasma immersion techniques have found, and will continue to have, an important place among surface modification techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA injection
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - Plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition
KW  - Review
N1  - Accession Number: 7826285; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 156 Issue 1-3, p3; Subject Term: PLASMA injection; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Review; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walter, Kevin C.
AU  - Nastasi, Michael
T1  - Influence of ion and neutral flux on the properties of diamond-like carbon from pulsed glow discharges of acetylene
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 156
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
SN  - 02578972
AB  - The deposition rates, composition and mechanical properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings deposited using pulsed glow discharges of acetylene (C2H2) have been studied as a function of deposition bias and gas pressure. The data show that a −4-kV bias is one order of magnitude more efficient than a bias of −8 kV for depositing DLC via plasma immersion ion processing (PIIP). Sputtering is the suspected cause for the reduced deposition efficiency at −8 kV. A methodology for comparing the magnitude of the ion and neutral flux is used to show that neutrals dominate the deposition process under all conditions tested. The necessary data are shown to prove that the coating hardness is independent of gas pressure when the ion flux, Ji, is less than 10% of the total flux, Jd. If Ji/Jd is greater than 10%, then increasing the gas pressure reduces the coating hardness to levels below 15 GPa. The implications of these results regarding sheath thickness, deposition rates and throughputs for large-area processing (many m2) are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - THIN films
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - Diamond-like carbon (DLC)
KW  - Hardness
KW  - Plasma deposition
KW  - Thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 7826343; Walter, Kevin C. 1 Nastasi, Michael; Email Address: nasty@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS-K765, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 156 Issue 1-3, p306; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond-like carbon (DLC); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, C.-M.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - McCready, D.E.
AU  - Chambers, Scott A.
T1  - The characteristics of interface misfit dislocations for epitaxial α-Fe2O3 on α-Al2O3(0001)
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 414
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 00406090
AB  - α-Fe2O3(0001) films of thickness equal to ∼7 nm and ∼70 nm were epitaxially grown on α-Al2O3(0001) by oxygen plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The interfaces were characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron energy-loss spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The interface exhibited coherent regions separated by equally-spaced misfit dislocations. When imaged from the [2¯110] direction, the dislocation spacing is 7.0±1.1 nm for the 70-nm-thick specimen, and 7.2±0.1 nm for the 7-nm-thick specimen. When imaged from the [011¯0] direction, the dislocation spacing is 4.5±0.1 nm for the 7-nm-thick specimen. The experimentally observed dislocation spacings are approximately consistent with those calculated from the lattice mismatch between α-Al2O3 and α-Fe2O3, implying that the lattice mismatch is accommodated mainly by interface misfit dislocations above the critical thickness, which is less than 7 nm. This conclusion is also corroborated by the measured residual strain of ∼0.5% determined from X-ray diffraction for the 70 nm film. Electron-energy-loss-spectroscopy analysis reveals that the Fe L2,3-edge shows no measurable chemical shift relative to the L2,3-edge of structural Fe+3, indicating complete oxidation of Fe in the as-grown film. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - FERRIC oxide
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - Aluminium oxide
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7855312; Wang, C.-M.; Email Address: chongmin.wang@pnl.gov Thevuthasan, S. 1 Gao, F. 1 McCready, D.E. 1 Chambers, Scott A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 414 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: FERRIC oxide; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhai, Q.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Lewis, J.S.
AU  - Waldrip, K.A.
AU  - Jones, K.
AU  - Holloway, P.H.
AU  - Davidson, M.
AU  - Evans, N.
T1  - Microstructure and electroluminescence of ZnS:Mn doped with KCl
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 414
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The microstructure and electroluminescence (EL) characteristics of ZnS:Mn doped with KCl for alternating current thin film electroluminescent devices deposited by a RF sputter system from ZnS and Mn targets are investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry, energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), secondary ion mass spectrometry, EL brightness and luminous efficiency (η) measurements were carried out. The as-deposited films have a 100 nm layer of equiaxed grains at the insulator/phosphor interface and columnar grains in the rest of the film. K is uniformly distributed through the 1 μm ZnS film after 5 min anneals at T&ges;600 °C, while Cl requires an anneal at T&ges;700 °C before diffusion results in a uniform concentration. Upon annealing at 700 °C for 5 min, the equiaxed grains were consumed by growth of the columnar grains, and growth of the columnar grain diameter is enhanced by the presence of KCl. The mixed cubic and hexagonal atomic stacking observed in as-deposited films became more cubic upon annealing with KCl co-dopants. EDS data from plan-view TEM samples indicate that K did not segregate to the grain boundaries. Considering the large ionic radius of K+ relative to Zn2+ (1.51 vs. 0.74 A˚), and the small temperature dependence of K diffusion into ZnS, it was postulated that K+ diffuses by an interstitial mechanism. In addition, it occupies an interstitial site in the cubic structure where it acts as a donor, similar to substitutional Cl−. ZnS:Mn co-doped with KCl shows significant improvement in EL brightness and luminous efficiency. It was concluded that the improved EL properties result from both improved crystallinity and modification of point defects and space charge in the ZnS:Mn, K, Cl films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELECTROLUMINESCENCE
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - Electroluminescence
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - ZnS:Mn films
N1  - Accession Number: 7855322; Zhai, Q. 1 Li, J. 1 Lewis, J.S. 1 Waldrip, K.A. 1 Jones, K. 1 Holloway, P.H. 1,2; Email Address: pholl@mse.ufl.edu Davidson, M. 2 Evans, N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA  2: MICROFABRITECH, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 414 Issue 1, p105; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electroluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnS:Mn films; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeong, Byeongmoon
AU  - Gutowska, Anna
T1  - Lessons from nature: stimuli-responsive polymers and their biomedical applications
JO  - Trends in Biotechnology
JF  - Trends in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 20
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 01677799
AB  - Response to stimulus is a basic process of living systems. Based on the lessons from nature, scientists have been designing useful materials that respond to external stimuli such as temperature, pH, light, electric field, chemicals and ionic strength. These responses are manifested as dramatic changes in one of the following: shape, surface characteristics, solubility, formation of an intricate molecular self-assembly or a sol-to-gel transition. Applications of stimuli-responsive, or ‘smart’, polymers in delivery of therapeutics, tissue engineering, bioseparations, sensors or actuators have been studied extensively and numerous papers and patents are evidence of rapid progress in this area. Understanding the structure–property relationship is essential for the further development and rational design of new functional smart materials. For example, kinetic and thermodynamic control of the coil-to-globule transition could be achieved through changes in polymer composition and topology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Biotechnology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Sensory stimulation
KW  - Molecular self-assembly
N1  - Accession Number: 7820610; Jeong, Byeongmoon 1; Gutowska, Anna 2; Email Address: anna.gutowska@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Dept of Chemistry, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120750, South Korea; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 20 Issue 7, p305; Subject Term: Polymers; Subject Term: Sensory stimulation; Subject Term: Molecular self-assembly; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Z. Fred
AU  - Parkin, Gary W.
AU  - Kachanoski, R. Gary
AU  - Smith, James E.
T1  - Effects of soil heterogeneity on steady state soil water pressure head under a surface line source.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 17-1
EP  - 17-14
SN  - 00431397
AB  - There are numerous analytical solutions available for flow in unsaturated homogeneous porous media. In this paper, the stream tube model for one-dimensional water movement is extended to two-dimensional (2-D) water movement from a line source as the stream plane model. As well, new solutions are derived to predict the mean and variance of pressure head of water movement under a surface line source in heterogeneous soil using the perturbation method with first-order approximation (PM1) and with second-order approximation (PM2). A variance expression was also developed based on the spectral relationship presented by Yeh et al. [1985a]. The new solutions were tested using the 2-D stream plane model with parameters A = ln(α) and Y = ln( K S) and measurements from field experiments. Results show that the mean of steady state pressure head below the line source is not only a function of the mean parameter values but also a function of the variances of A and Y and the linear cross-correlation coefficient (ρ) between A and Y. The PM2 model can predict the mean pressure head accurately in heterogeneous soils at any level of correlation between A and Y, except when both the soil variability and ρ are high. The pressure head variance estimation based on the PM1 model predicts the measured variance well only when both the soil variability and ρ are low. The field experimental results show that both the PM1 and the spectral models give reasonable predictions of the pressure head variance. Both the measured and predicted values of the variance of pressure head using the two models increase with the depth of soil. Both models show that the variance of pressure head decreases as the source strength increases, but on average, the pressure head variance was underestimated by both models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - line source
KW  - perturbation
KW  - soil heterogeneity
KW  - spectral relationship
KW  - stream plane model
N1  - Accession Number: 87143703; Zhang, Z. Fred 1,2; Parkin, Gary W. 3; Kachanoski, R. Gary 4; Smith, James E. 1; Affiliations: 1: School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University; 2: Now at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; 3: Department of Land Resource Science, University of Guelph; 4: Graduate Studies and Research, University of Saskatchewan; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 7, p17-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: line source; Author-Supplied Keyword: perturbation; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral relationship; Author-Supplied Keyword: stream plane model; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000019
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Altman, Susan J.
AU  - Meigs, Lucy C.
AU  - Jones, Toya L.
AU  - McKenna, Sean A.
T1  - Controls of mass recovery rates in single-well injection-withdrawal tracer tests with a single-porosity, heterogeneous conceptualization.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/07//
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 30-1
EP  - 30-15
SN  - 00431397
AB  - A single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) test is evaluated as a tool to assess a single-porosity conceptualization for a transport system. We have shown that there are cases in which matrix diffusion cannot be proven definitively from the results of SWIW tests owing to uncertainties of aquifer properties. Drift during the resting phase of the test can carry a plume to areas where the flux is lower during the withdrawal phase, leading to decreased mass recovery rates. Results of sensitivity studies on multiple, stochastically generated, heterogeneous transmissivity fields indicate that variance in transmissivity has a strong effect on drift and consequently mass recovery rates. In addition to impacting drift directly, the regional gradient has the potential to influence mass recovery rates by interfering with the pumping-induced fluxes toward the well during withdrawal. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is used to evaluate whether simulated data using a single-porosity conceptualization with plume drift significantly differ from SWIW tracer test data from a fractured dolomite unit at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Given the uncertainty in the variance of transmissivity, it is unlikely that a single-porosity conceptualization can match the field data. Matrix diffusion is a likely explanation for the observed gradual mass recovery rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - dolomite
KW  - geostatistical simulation
KW  - matrix diffusion
KW  - single-well tracer test
KW  - solute transport
KW  - transport modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 87143688; Altman, Susan J. 1; Meigs, Lucy C. 1; Jones, Toya L. 2,3; McKenna, Sean A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Geohydrology Department, Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Duke Engineering and Services, Inc.; 3: Now at INTERA, Inc., Austin, Texas, USA.; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 7, p30-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: dolomite; Author-Supplied Keyword: geostatistical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: matrix diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: single-well tracer test; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport modeling; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000182
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grossman, Yuval
AU  - Kagan, Alexander L.
AU  - Ligeti, Zoltan
T1  - Can the CP asymmetries in <f>B→ψKS</f> and <f>B→ψKL</f> differ?
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/07/04/
VL  - 538
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 03702693
AB  - In the standard model the CP asymmetries in <f>B→ψKS</f> and <f>B→ψKL</f> are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to very good approximation. We compute the order <f>∊K</f> corrections to each of these CP asymmetries and find that they give a deviation from <f>sin2β</f> at the half percent level, which may eventually be measurable. However, the correction to <f>aCP(B→ψKS)+aCP(B→ψKL)</f> due to <f>∊K</f> is further suppressed. The dominant corrections to this sum, at the few times <f>10−3</f> level, come from the <f>B</f> lifetime difference, and CP violation in <f>B</f>–<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">B</ovl></f> mixing and <f>B→ψK</f> decay. New physics could induce a significant difference in the <f>sin(ΔmB t)</f> time dependence in the asymmetries if and only if the “wrong-flavor” amplitudes <f>B→ψ<ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">K</ovl></f> or <f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">B</ovl>→ψK</f> are generated. A scale of new physics that lies well below the weak scale would be required. Potential scenarios are therefore highly constrained, and do not appear feasible. A direct test is proposed to set bounds on such effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7830914; Grossman, Yuval 1; Email Address: yuvalg@physics.technion.ac.il Kagan, Alexander L. 2 Ligeti, Zoltan 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000 Haifa, Israel  2: Theory Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 538 Issue 3/4, p327; Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
AU  - Pierce, Aaron
T1  - <f>R</f> symmetry and the <f>μ</f> problem
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/07/04/
VL  - 538
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A natural origin for the <f>μ</f> and <f>μB</f> parameters of weak scale supersymmetric theories is proposed, applicable to any supersymmetry breaking messenger scale between the weak and Planck scales. Although quite general, it requires supersymmetric interactions to respect an <f>R</f> symmetry with definite quantum numbers, and it requires some new scale of symmetry breaking. The required <f>R</f> symmetry distinguishes the Higgs boson from the sneutrino, preserves baryon number in operators of dimension four and five, and contains <f>R</f> parity so that the lightest superpartner is stable. This origin for <f>μ</f> works for a variety of mediation mechanisms, including gauge mediation, gaugino mediation, and boundary condition breaking of supersymmetry. In any of these mediation schemes, our mechanism leads to a real <f>B</f> parameter, and the supersymmetric CP problem is solved. This <f>R</f> symmetry may naturally arise from supersymmetric theories in higher dimensions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - BROKEN symmetry (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7830919; Hall, Lawrence J. 1,2 Nomura, Yasunori 1,2 Pierce, Aaron 1,2; Email Address: apierce@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 538 Issue 3/4, p359; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: BROKEN symmetry (Physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor Schildgen
AU  - David P. Dethier
AU  - Paul Bierman
AU  - Marc Caffee
T1  - 26Al and 10Be dating of late pleistocene and holocene fill terraces: a record of fluvial deposition and incision, Colorado front range.
JO  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
JF  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
Y1  - 2002/07/07/
VL  - 27
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 773
EP  - 787
SN  - 01979337
AB  - Cosmogenic 26Al, 10Be, and 14C dating of fluvial fill terraces in steep canyons of the Colorado Front Range provides a temporal framework for analysing episodic aggradation and incision. Results from Boulder Canyon show that terrace heights above the modern channel (grade) can be divided into: (1) Bull Lake (≳100 ka; 20–15 m above grade); (2) Pinedale (32–10 ka; 15–4 m above grade); and (3) Holocene age (<4 m above grade). No pre-Bull Lake deposits are preserved along Boulder Canyon, and only three small remnants >15 m above grade record Bull Lake deposition. Well-preserved terraces of Pinedale age suggest that the range of terrace height above grade reflects short-term fluctuations in the river profile during periods of rapidly changing stream load and power. Net river incision apparently occurred during transitions to interglacial periods. Soil development and stratigraphic position, along with limited cosmogenic and 14C dating, suggest that ~130 ka terraces in Boulder Canyon correlate with the Louviers Alluvium, and that 32 to 10 ka fills in the canyon correlate with the Broadway Alluvium on the adjacent High Plains. Late Pleistocene incision rates (~0·15 m ka-1) along Boulder Canyon exceed pre-late Pleistocene incision rates, and are higher than middle to late Pleistocene incision rates (~0·04 m ka-1) on the High Plains. This study provides an example of how modern geochronologic techniques allow us to understand better rivers that drain glaciated catchments. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Surface Processes & Landforms is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Canyons
KW  - Alluvium
KW  - Landforms
KW  - Gorges
N1  - Accession Number: 18467588; Taylor Schildgen 1; David P. Dethier 1; Paul Bierman 2; Marc Caffee 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geosciences, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA; 2: ment of Geosciences, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA, <SUP>A1</SUP>, Department of Geology and School of Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA; 3: ment of Geosciences, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA, <SUP>A1</SUP>, Department of Geology and School of Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA, <SUP>A2</SUP>, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 27 Issue 7, p773; Thesaurus Term: Canyons; Thesaurus Term: Alluvium; Subject Term: Landforms; Subject Term: Gorges; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mugele, Frieder
AU  - Becker, Thomas
AU  - Klingner, Anke
AU  - Salmeron, Miquel
T1  - Two-dimensional observation of drainage and layering transitions in confined liquids
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2002/07/09/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 09277757
AB  - We used a surface forces apparatus (SFA) to investigate the drainage of thin films of undecanol from a pore consisting of two atomically smooth mica sheets. Time-resolved images of the contact area during drainage show an initial elastohydrodynamic deformation of the substrates. In the late stage, the expulsion of a molecularly thin layer of alcohol is imaged in two dimensions. We analyze the dynamics of the expulsion process and discuss the physical mechanisms in terms of a model that includes the hydrodynamic flow in the two-dimensional liquid layer and the elastic properties of the substrates. We also discuss the optical resolution required to observe layering transitions in two dimensions and present a new design of a SFA optimized for these purposes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID films
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Elastohydrodynamics
KW  - Layering transition
KW  - Surface forces apparatus
KW  - Thin liquid films
N1  - Accession Number: 7820697; Mugele, Frieder 1,2; Email Address: frieder.mugele@physik.uni-ulm.de Becker, Thomas 1 Klingner, Anke 1 Salmeron, Miquel 2; Affiliation:  1: Universität Ulm, Abteilung Angewandte Physik, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany  2: Materials Science Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 206 Issue 1-3, p105; Subject Term: LIQUID films; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drainage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastohydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layering transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface forces apparatus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin liquid films; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huber, P.
AU  - Shpyrko, O.G.
AU  - Pershan, P.S.
AU  - Tostmann, H.
AU  - DiMasi, E.
AU  - Ocko, B.M.
AU  - Deutsch, M.
T1  - Wetting behavior at the free surface of a liquid gallium–bismuth alloy: an X-ray reflectivity study close to the bulk monotectic point
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2002/07/09/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
SN  - 09277757
AB  - We present X-ray reflectivity measurements from the free surface of a liquid gallium–bismuth alloy (Ga–Bi) in the temperature range close to the bulk monotectic temperature Tmono=222 °C. Our measurements indicate a continuous formation of a thick wetting film at the free surface of the binary system driven by the first order transition in the bulk at the monotectic point. We show that the behavior observed is that of a complete wetting at a tetra point of solid–liquid–liquid–vapor coexistence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - WETTING
KW  - THICK films
KW  - BINARY metallic systems
KW  - Bismuth
KW  - Gallium
KW  - Liquid metals
KW  - Surface
KW  - Wetting
KW  - X-ray reflectivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7820733; Huber, P. 1; Email Address: patrick@xray.harvard.edu Shpyrko, O.G. 1 Pershan, P.S. 1 Tostmann, H. 2 DiMasi, E. 3 Ocko, B.M. 3 Deutsch, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  3: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 206 Issue 1-3, p515; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: WETTING; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: BINARY metallic systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bismuth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetting; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray reflectivity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frauenfelder, Hans
AU  - Fenimore, P.W.
AU  - McMahon, B.H.
T1  - Hydration, slaving and protein function
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/07/10/
VL  - 98
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 03014622
AB  - Protein dynamics is crucial for protein function. Proteins in living systems are not isolated, but operate in networks and in a carefully regulated environment. Understanding the external control of protein dynamics is consequently important. Hydration and solvent viscosity are among the salient properties of the environment. Dehydrated proteins and proteins in a rigid environment do not function properly. It is consequently important to understand the effect of hydration and solvent viscosity in detail. We discuss experiments that separate the two effects. These experiments have predominantly been performed with wild-type horse and sperm whale myoglobin, using the binding of carbon monoxide over a broad range of temperatures as a tool. The experiments demonstrate that data taken only in the physiological temperature range are not sufficient to understand the effect of hydration and solvent on protein relaxation and function. While the actual data come from myoglobin, it is expected that the results apply to most or all globular proteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MYOGLOBIN
KW  - PROTEINS -- Research
KW  - Hydration
KW  - Myoglobin
KW  - Protein dynamics
KW  - Protein function
KW  - Solvent influence
KW  - Trehalose
N1  - Accession Number: 7845811; Frauenfelder, Hans 1 Fenimore, P.W. 1; Email Address: fenimore@cnls.lanl.gov McMahon, B.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Non-linear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: T-10, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 98 Issue 1/2, p35; Subject Term: MYOGLOBIN; Subject Term: PROTEINS -- Research; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Myoglobin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvent influence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trehalose; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratt, S.T.
T1  - Photoionization of DABCO via high vibrational levels of the <f>S1</f> state
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/07/10/
VL  - 360
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 406
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The photoelectron spectrum following resonant two-photon ionization of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) was recorded with the laser tuned to the origin band of the <f>S2←S0</f> transition. The spectrum is consistent with the rapid radiationless transition from the <f>S2</f> state into high vibrational levels of the <f>S1</f> state, as proposed by Smith et al. [J. Phys. Chem. 88 (1984) 2250]. Features in the double-resonance spectrum of Smith et al. that were previously assigned to photoionization of S(−) 3s(−)<f>1A″2</f> vibrational levels populated by a radiationless transition from the <f>S2</f> state are reinterpreted, with the conclusion that the S(−) state has yet to be observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 7841703; Pratt, S.T. 1; Email Address: stpratt@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory Building 200, Room D-177, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 360 Issue 3/4, p406; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Casas-Miranda, R.
AU  - Mo, H. J.
AU  - Sheth, Ravi K.
AU  - Boerner, G.
T1  - On the distribution of haloes, galaxies and mass.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 333
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 730
EP  - 738
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - The stochasticity in the distribution of dark haloes in the cosmic density field is reflected in the distribution function P[sub V](N[sub h]|δ[sub m]) , which gives the probability of finding N[sub h] haloes in a volume V with mass density contrast δ[sub m]. We study the properties of this function using high-resolution N-body simulations, and find that P[sub V](N[sub h]|δ[sub m]) is significantly non-Poisson. The ratio between the variance and the mean goes from ∼1 (Poisson) at 1+δ[sub m]≪1 to <1 (sub-Poisson) at 1+δ[sub m]∼1 to >1 (super-Poisson) at 1+δ[sub m]≫1 . The mean bias relation is found to be well described by halo bias models based on the Press–Schechter formalism. The sub-Poisson variance can be explained as a result of halo exclusion, while the super-Poisson variance at high δ[sub m] may be explained as a result of halo clustering. A simple phenomenological model is proposed to describe the behaviour of the variance as a function of δ[sub m]. Galaxy distribution in the cosmic density field predicted by semi-analytic models of galaxy formation shows similar stochastic behaviour. We discuss the implications of the stochasticity in halo bias to the modelling of higher order moments of dark haloes and of galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - GALAXIES -- Clusters
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - cosmology: theory
KW  - dark matter
KW  - galaxies: clusters: general
KW  - galaxies: formation
N1  - Accession Number: 6960071; Casas-Miranda, R. 1 Mo, H. J. 1 Sheth, Ravi K. 2 Boerner, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl Schwarzschildstrasse 1, 85741, Garching, Germany  2: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Group, MS 209, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA; Source Info: 7/11/2002, Vol. 333 Issue 4, p730; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: GALAXIES -- Clusters; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: dark matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: formation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05378.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moses, William W.
T1  - Current trends in scintillator detectors and materials
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 487
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The last decade has seen a renaissance in inorganic scintillator development for gamma ray detection. Lead tungstate (PbWO4) has been developed for high-energy physics experiments, and possesses exceptionally high density and radiation hardness, albeit with low luminous efficiency. Lutetium orthosilicate or LSO (Lu2SiO5:Ce) possesses a unique combination of high luminous efficiency, high density, and reasonably short decay time, and is now incorporated in commercial positron emission tomography cameras. There have been advances in understanding the fundamental mechanisms that limit energy resolution, and several recently discovered materials (such as LaBr3:Ce) possess energy resolution that approaches that of direct solid state detectors. Finally, there are indications that a neglected class of scintillator materials that exhibit near band-edge fluorescence could provide scintillators with sub-nanosecond decay times and high luminescent efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - LEAD compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 7835113; Moses, William W. 1; Email Address: wwmoses@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 55-121, Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 487 Issue 1/2, p123; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: LEAD compounds; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teaney, Derek
AU  - Venugopalan, Raju
T1  - Classical computation of elliptic flow at large transverse momentum
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 539
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We compute the contribution of classical fields to the second Fourier coefficient (<f>v2</f>) of the azimuthal gluon distribution at large transverse momentum in heavy ion collisions. We find that the classical contribution to the flow alone cannot account for the experimentally observed behavior of <f>v2(pt)</f> at large transverse momentum <f>pt</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - FOURIER series
KW  - GLUONS
N1  - Accession Number: 7835179; Teaney, Derek 1; Email Address: dteaney@quark.phy.bnl.gov Venugopalan, Raju 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Physics Department and RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 539 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: FOURIER series; Subject Term: GLUONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pfeiffer, Bernd
AU  - Kratz, Karl-Ludwig
AU  - Möller, Peter
T1  - Status of delayed-neutron precursor data: half-lives and neutron emission probabilities
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 01491970
AB  - We present in this paper a compilation of the present status of experimental delayed-neutron precursor data; i.e. β-decay half-lives (T1/2) and neutron emission probabilities (Pn) in the fission-product region (<F>27 ≤ Z ≤ 57</F>). These data are compared to two model predictions of substantially different sophistication: (i) an update of the empirical Kratz-Herrmann formula (KHF), and (ii) a unified macroscopic-microscopic model within the quasi-particle random-phase approximation (QRPA). Both models are also used to calculate so far unknown T1/2 and Pn values up to Z = 63. A number of possible refinements in the microscopic calculations are suggested to further improve the nuclear-physics foundation of these data for reactor and astrophysical applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Delayed neutrons
KW  - Neutrons
N1  - Accession Number: 8667182; Pfeiffer, Bernd 1; Kratz, Karl-Ludwig 1; Möller, Peter 2; Affiliations: 1: Institut für Kernchemie, Universität Mainz, Germany; 2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1-4, p39; Subject Term: Delayed neutrons; Subject Term: Neutrons; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, W.B.
AU  - England, T.R.
T1  - Delayed neutron study using ENDF/B-VI basic nuclear data
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 01491970
AB  - The basic nuclear data of the latest releases of ENDF/B-VI were used in preliminary calculations with the CINDER'90 nuclide inventory code to simulate the activity of fission delayed-neutron precursors. Total delayed-neutron production was obtained at times during and following pulse (0.1-ms) and equilibrium (4-hr) fission histories for each of the sixty fission systems having fission-product yields in ENDF/B-VI. The equilibrium studies — at unit fission rate for constant fission periods sufficiently long that all precursors reached saturation inventories — yielded the <F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">vd</OVL></F> value for each system. Delayed-neutron production rates at 54 decay times <B>t</B>, extending to 500 s following a fission pulse, were fit using the STEPIT code to the pulse function <F>R</F>(<B>t</B>) = ∑aiλie−λi<B>t</B>. Results following equilibrium irradiations were fit to the equilibrium function <F>R(∞, <B>t</B>) = ∑aiλie−λi<B>t</B></F>. It was observed that functions from fits to pulse results did not well represent equilibrium results at long cooling times. Similarly, functions fit to the equilibrium results did not well represent pulse results at short cooling times.A comprehensive series of CINDER'90 calculations was then made for irradiation times <B>T</B> of 0.1 ms, 1 s, 10 s, 100 s, 1000 s, and 4 hours; results were obtained at 60 decay times <B>t</B> extending to 800 s following irradiation. Comprehensive calculations were made using both the 1989 Pn data of England and Brady and the new Pn data of Pfeiffer, Kratz and Mo¨ller described elsewhere in this issue. The body of results for each system was included in fits to obtain the neutron production rate <F>R(<B>T, t</B>) = ∑aie−λi<B>t</B>(1 − e−λi<B>T</B></F>) for each system. Fits were made for the traditional sum of six exponentials, with all variables free to vary; additional fits were made for a sum of eight exponentials with decay constants set to values suggested by Piksaikin. The resulting pulse functions R(<B>t</B>), defined by the ai and λi thus obtained, accurately represent calculated delayed-neutron production when integrated with any irradiation history.The pulse functions thus produced and other published pulse functions fit to past measurements and calculations are compared numerically at several times after fission. Reactivity effects of all functions from measurements and calculations for each of the sixty systems are indicated by the asymptotic periods following positive 10¢– 50¢ reactivity steps simulated in point-reactor kinetics calculations using the AIREK-10 code. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Delayed neutrons
KW  - Nuclides
KW  - Equilibrium
N1  - Accession Number: 8667183; Wilson, W.B. 1; England, T.R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Nuclear Physics Group (T-16), Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1-4, p71; Subject Term: Delayed neutrons; Subject Term: Nuclides; Subject Term: Equilibrium; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spriggs, Gregory D.
AU  - Campbell, Joann M.
T1  - A summary of measured delayed neutron group parameters
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 01491970
AB  - The experimentally-measured delayed neutron parameters for 20 different fissionable isotopes are summarized. The decay curves measured for each isotope are compared as a function of the incident neutron energy inducing the fissions. Based on these comparisons, it is concluded that the results are quite wide spread and that further experimental work should be performed to clearly identify the most accurate sets of delayed neutron parameters for use in reactor applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Delayed neutrons
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 8667188; Spriggs, Gregory D. 1; Campbell, Joann M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F664, Los Alamos, NM 87545-0001 USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1-4, p145; Subject Term: Delayed neutrons; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Isotopes; Number of Pages: 57p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Piksaikin, V.M.
AU  - Kazakov, L.E.
AU  - Isaev, S.G.
AU  - Tarasko, M.Z.
AU  - Roshchenko, V.A.
AU  - Tertytchnyi, R.G.
AU  - Spriggs, G.D.
AU  - Campbell, J.M.
T1  - Energy dependence of relative abundances and periods of delayed neutrons from neutron-induced fission of 235U, 238U, 239Pu in 6- and 8-group model representation
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
SN  - 01491970
AB  - The energy dependence of the relative abundances and periods has been measured for neutron induced fission of the main fuel nuclides, 235U and 239Pu in the energy range from epi-thermal to 5 MeV and 238U in the energy range from 1 to 5 MeV. The efforts undertaken in improving the experimental and data processing procedures made it possible to improve the accuracy of the delayed neutron parameters determining their time-dependent behavior. In terms of the average half-life of delayed neutron precursors — the value that unequivocally characterizes the particular fissioning system — the real scale of the changes in the relative abundances and periods of delayed neutrons were determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Delayed neutrons
KW  - Nuclides
KW  - Neutrons
N1  - Accession Number: 8667189; Piksaikin, V.M. 1; Kazakov, L.E. 1; Isaev, S.G. 1; Tarasko, M.Z. 1; Roshchenko, V.A. 1; Tertytchnyi, R.G. 1; Spriggs, G.D. 2; Campbell, J.M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Bondarenko Sq. 1, Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia, 249020; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS F664, Los Alamos, NM 87545-0001 USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1-4, p203; Subject Term: Delayed neutrons; Subject Term: Nuclides; Subject Term: Neutrons; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spriggs, Gregory D.
AU  - Campbell, Joann M.
AU  - Piksaikin, Vladimir M.
T1  - An 8-group delayed neutron model based on a consistent set of half-lives
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 01491970
AB  - Using a nonlinear least-squares fitting technique, the group parameters for 245 sets of experimentally-measured delayed neutron group constants for 20 fissionable isotopes have been expanded into an 8-group delayed neutron model based on a consistent set of group half-lives. During the expansion process, the reactivity scale for positive reactivities is conserved, as well as the time-dependent behavior of the reactor system as predicted by the original delayed neutron model. In addition, the mean half-life of the original delayed neutron set is conserved, as well as the overall uncertainty of the reactivity scale as quoted by the original experimenter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Delayed neutrons
KW  - Isotopes
KW  - Neutrons
N1  - Accession Number: 8667190; Spriggs, Gregory D. 1; Campbell, Joann M. 1; Piksaikin, Vladimir M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F664, Los Alamos, NM 87545-0001 USA; 2: Institute of Physics and Power Eng., 249020, Bondarenko Sq. 1, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, Russia; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1-4, p223; Subject Term: Delayed neutrons; Subject Term: Isotopes; Subject Term: Neutrons; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Joann M.
AU  - Spriggs, Gregory D.
T1  - 8-Group delayed neutron spectral data for Hansen-Roach energy group structure
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 01491970
N1  - Accession Number: 8667191; Campbell, Joann M. 1; Spriggs, Gregory D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P. O. Box 1663, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545-0001 USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1-4, p253; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Werner, Christopher J.
T1  - Simulation of delayed neutrons using MCNP
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2002/07/11/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
SN  - 01491970
AB  - Accurate modeling of the delayed neutron response in a fission process has been a desired capability for MCNPTM (Briesmeister, 2000). After a year of data library and code development, a delayed neutron feature has now been incorporated into the latest version of MCNP, 4C. In this work, a validation of the integrated delayed neutron model is performed by comparisons to an analytic solution and experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Delayed neutrons
KW  - Nuclear fission
KW  - Neutrons
N1  - Accession Number: 8667196; Werner, Christopher J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545-001, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1-4, p385; Subject Term: Delayed neutrons; Subject Term: Nuclear fission; Subject Term: Neutrons; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortiz, G.
AU  - Gubernatis, J.E.
AU  - Knill, E.
AU  - Laflamme, R.
T1  - Simulating fermions on a quantum computer
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 146
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 302
SN  - 00104655
AB  - The real-time probabilistic simulation of quantum systems in classical computers is known to be limited by the so-called dynamical sign problem, a problem leading to exponential complexity. In 1981 Richard Feynman raised some provocative questions in connection to the “exact imitation” of such systems using a special device named a “quantum computer”. Feynman hesitated about the possibility of imitating fermion systems using such a device. Here we address some of his concerns and, in particular, investigate the simulation of fermionic systems. We show how quantum computers avoid the sign problem in some cases by reducing the complexity from exponential to polynomial. Our demonstration is based upon the use of isomorphisms of algebras. We present specific quantum algorithms that illustrate the main points of our algebraic approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - QUANTUM computers
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
N1  - Accession Number: 7835198; Ortiz, G.; Email Address: ortiz@viking.lanl.gov Gubernatis, J.E. 1 Knill, E. 1 Laflamme, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 146 Issue 3, p302; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM computers; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berman, G.P.
AU  - Doolen, G.D.
AU  - López, G.V.
AU  - Tsifrinovich, V.I.
T1  - A quantum full adder for a scalable nuclear spin quantum computer
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 146
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 324
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We demonstrate a strategy for implementation a quantum full adder in a spin chain quantum computer. As an example, we simulate a quantum full adder in a chain containing 201 spins. Our simulations also demonstrate how one can minimize errors generated by non-resonant effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LOGIC circuits
KW  - QUANTUM computers
KW  - Full adder
KW  - Quantum computer
KW  - Qubit
N1  - Accession Number: 7835200; Berman, G.P. 1; Email Address: gpb@lanl.gov Doolen, G.D. 1 López, G.V. 2 Tsifrinovich, V.I. 3; Affiliation:  1: T-13 and CNLS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Departamento de Física, Universidad de Guadalajara Corregidora 500, S.R. 44420, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico  3: IDS Department, Polytechnic University Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 146 Issue 3, p324; Subject Term: LOGIC circuits; Subject Term: QUANTUM computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Full adder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum computer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Qubit; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luxmoore, Robert J.
AU  - Hargrove, William W.
AU  - Lynn Tharp, M.
AU  - Mac Post, W.
AU  - Berry, Michael W.
AU  - Minser, Karen S.
AU  - Cropper Jr., Wendell P.
AU  - Johnson, Dale W.
AU  - Zeide, Boris
AU  - Amateis, Ralph L.
AU  - Burkhart, Harold E.
AU  - Baldwin Jr., V. Clark
AU  - Peterson, Kelly D.
T1  - Addressing multi-use issues in sustainable forest management with signal-transfer modeling
JO  - Forest Ecology & Management
JF  - Forest Ecology & Management
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 03781127
AB  - Management decisions concerning impacts of projected changes in environmental and social conditions on multi-use forest products and services, such as productivity, water supply or carbon sequestration, may be facilitated with signal-transfer modeling. This simulation method utilizes a hierarchy of simulators in which the integrated responses (signals) from smaller-scale process models are transferred and incorporated into the algorithms of larger spatial- and temporal-scale models of ecological and economic phenomena. Several innovative procedures germane to multi-issue sustainable forest management have been initiated in our signal-transfer modeling development for forests of the southeastern United States. These developments include response surface interpolation for multi-factor signal-transfer, use of loblolly pine modeling to infer the growth of other southern pines, determination of soil nutrient limitations to productivity, multivariate clustering as a spatial basis for defining land units relevant to forest management, and variance propagation through the modeling hierarchy. Algorithms for larger scale phenomena are shown to constrain the variance introduced from a smaller-scale in a simulation of ambient ozone exposure effects on loblolly pine timber yield. Outputs of forest variables are frequency distributions that may be statistically compared for alternative environmental or management scenarios. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Forest management
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Environmental change
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Multivariate clustering
KW  - Site index
KW  - Spatial and temporal scaling
N1  - Accession Number: 9456529; Luxmoore, Robert J. 1; Email Address: luxmoorerj@ornl.gov; Hargrove, William W. 1; Lynn Tharp, M. 1; Mac Post, W. 1; Berry, Michael W. 2; Minser, Karen S. 2; Cropper Jr., Wendell P. 3; Johnson, Dale W. 4; Zeide, Boris 5; Amateis, Ralph L. 6; Burkhart, Harold E. 6; Baldwin Jr., V. Clark 7; Peterson, Kelly D. 8; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 2: Department of Computer Science, 107 Ayres Hall, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1301, USA; 3: Center for Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA; 4: Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV 89512-0013, USA; 5: School of Forestry, University of Arkansas, Monticello, AR 71656-3468, USA; 6: Department of Forestry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0324 V, USA; 7: Southern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, P.O. Box 2680, Asheville, NC 28802, USA; 8: Southern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 165 Issue 1-3, p295; Thesaurus Term: Forest management; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate clustering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site index; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial and temporal scaling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115310 Support Activities for Forestry; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, Kate
AU  - Cygan, Randall T.
AU  - Slater, Ben
T1  - Impurities and nonstoichiometry in the bulk and on the (101¯4) surface of dolomite
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2541
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Atomistic computer simulation methods have been used to model the nature of nonstoichiometry and impurity defects in the bulk and at the (101¯4) surface of dolomite (MgCa(CO3)2). Calcium and Mg in the bulk and at the surface have been replaced with divalent Ni, Co, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cd. The results of these calculations indicate that in the bulk, these impurities will prefer to substitute at the Ca site rather than the Mg site. Ca excess in dolomite is most likely incorporated as basal stacking faults; this nonstoichiometry can influence the site distribution of impurities. The calculated surface segregation energies suggest that of all the impurities studied, only Cd will show a strong preference for the (101¯4) surface of dolomite. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 7833408; Wright, Kate 1,2; Email Address: kate@ri.ac.uk Cygan, Randall T. 3 Slater, Ben 2; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Geological Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WCIE 6BT, UK  2: Royal Institution, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK  3: Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0750, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 66 Issue 14, p2541; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Zh.
AU  - Alton, G.D.
AU  - Beene, J.R.
AU  - Dodonov, A.
AU  - Liang, J.F.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Weidenmüller, M.
AU  - Wollnik, H.
T1  - Cooling beams of negative ions
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 218
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Negatively charged atomic ions have been cooled in gas-filled rf-quadrupoles from injection energies between 10 and 150 eV to final energies below 0.5 eV. By choosing the atoms or molecules of the buffer gas to have low masses as compared to the masses of the ions to be cooled, the energy transfer in ion–atom or ion–molecule collisions is minimized. For small enough initial ion energies thus only a small percentage of the ions is neutralized in the collision processes. For Cl<F>−</F> and I<F>−</F> ions cooled in a He buffer gas we have achieved absolute transmission efficiencies of more than 50%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Beam cooling
KW  - Buffer gas
KW  - Cooler quadrupole
KW  - Negative ions
N1  - Accession Number: 7852623; Zhou, Zh. 1 Alton, G.D. 2 Beene, J.R. 2 Dodonov, A. 3 Liang, J.F. 2 Liu, Y. 2 Weidenmüller, M. 1 Wollnik, H. 1; Email Address: h.wollnik@uni-giessen.de; Affiliation:  1: Justus Liebig Universität, 35392 Giessen, Germany  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  3: Institute of Chemical Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 218 Issue 3, p199; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cooler quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative ions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belov, Mikhail E.
AU  - Anderson, Gordon A.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Higher-resolution data-dependent selective external ion accumulation for capillary LC-FTICR
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 218
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Data-dependent selective external ion ejection with improved resolution is demonstrated with a 3.5 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) instrument employing dynamic range enhancement applied to mass spectrometry (DREAMS) technology. To correct for the fringing rf-field aberrations each rod of the selection quadrupole has been segmented into three sections, so that ion excitation and ejection was performed by applying auxiliary rf-only waveforms in the region of the middle segments. Two different modes of external ion trapping and ejection were studied with the mixtures of model peptides and a tryptic digest of bovine serum albumin (BSA). A mass resolution of about 100 has been attained for rf-only dipolar ejection in a quadrupole operating at a Mathieu parameter (q) of ∼0.45. LC-ESI-DREAMS-FTICR analysis of a 0.1 mg/mL solution of BSA digest resulted in detection of 82 unique tryptic peptides with mass measurement errors lower than 5 ppm, providing 100% sequence coverage of the protein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - SERUM albumin
N1  - Accession Number: 7852631; Belov, Mikhail E. 1 Anderson, Gordon A. 1 Smith, Richard D.; Email Address: rd_smith@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS: K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 218 Issue 3, p265; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: SERUM albumin; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volpe, Alan M.
AU  - Esser, Bradley K.
T1  - Real-time ocean chemistry for improved biogeochemical observation in dynamic coastal environments
JO  - Journal of Marine Systems
JF  - Journal of Marine Systems
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 36
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
SN  - 09247963
AB  - We describe a new ocean observation system that integrates mass spectroscopy, hydrographic instrumentation, and satellite imagery (SeaWIFS). We used a quadrupole ICP mass spectrometer at sea to acquire continuous trace element data during separate surveys of the Baja California coastal margin, and the San Diego Bay and coastal environment. There is evidence for extreme Ba depletion in surface waters off the Baja coast, which is the result of biological productivity and marine barite precipitation. The synoptic data are used to elucidate the biochemical mechanism of barium removal; to constrain the spatial and temporal boundaries over which the phenomenon occurs; and to quantify surface flux to sediments. Further systems application led to mapping of the distribution of a suite of biologically active trace metals (Mn, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Cd) in San Diego Bay, and the Bay signature was tracked in tidal plumes into the coastal ocean. The continuous data provided chemical gradients within the Bay, with which we estimate the contaminant metal flux that is discharged from the Bay into the coastal ocean during tidal pumping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Marine Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemical oceanography
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Trace elements
KW  - Hydrographic surveying
KW  - Micronutrients
KW  - Northeast Pacific
KW  - Ocean science
KW  - Productivity
KW  - Regional index
KW  - San Diego Bay (Baja California</kwd>)
N1  - Accession Number: 7834521; Volpe, Alan M.; Email Address: volpe1@llnl.gov; Esser, Bradley K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-016, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 36 Issue 1/2, p51; Thesaurus Term: Chemical oceanography; Thesaurus Term: Mass spectrometry; Thesaurus Term: Remote sensing; Thesaurus Term: Trace elements; Subject Term: Hydrographic surveying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micronutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Northeast Pacific; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ocean science; Author-Supplied Keyword: Productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regional index; Author-Supplied Keyword: San Diego Bay (Baja California</kwd>); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541370 Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho, Nam Nhat
AU  - Bau, Robert
AU  - Plecnik, Christine
AU  - Shore, Sheldon G.
AU  - Wang, Xiaoping
AU  - Schultz, Arthur J.
T1  - A neutron diffraction study of Cp2Ti{(μ-H)2BC8H14}
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 654
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - The structure of Cp2Ti{(μ-H)2BC8H14} has been determined by single-crystal neutron diffraction methods. The geometrical parameters of the central four-atom core, Ti(μ-H)2B, are: Ti&z.sbnd;H=1.904(15), 1.933(17) A˚; B&z.sbnd;H=1.298(15), 1.333(13) A˚; Ti&z.sbnd;H&z.sbnd;B=94.1(8)°, 96.7(9)°; H&z.sbnd;Ti&z.sbnd;H=65.3(6)°, H&z.sbnd;B&z.sbnd;H=103.8(9)°; Ti⋯B=2.426(12) A˚; H⋯H=2.071(19) A˚. The final weighted agreement factor is Rw=8.7% for 2635 unique reflections collected at 20 K from a crystal of volume 0.8 mm3 at the Argonne Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS). This structure determination represents the first neutron diffraction analysis of a Ti&z.sbnd;H bonding distance in a molecule, as well as the first neutron analysis of a Ti&z.sbnd;H&z.sbnd;B bridge bond. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - Borohydride
KW  - M&z.sbnd;H&z.sbnd;B bridge bond
KW  - Metal hydride
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Titanium
N1  - Accession Number: 7821483; Ho, Nam Nhat 1 Bau, Robert 1; Email Address: bau@usc.edu Plecnik, Christine 2 Shore, Sheldon G. 2 Wang, Xiaoping 3 Schultz, Arthur J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 654 Issue 1/2, p216; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Borohydride; Author-Supplied Keyword: M&z.sbnd;H&z.sbnd;B bridge bond; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal hydride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Souliotis, G.A.
AU  - Loveland, W.
AU  - Hanold, K.
AU  - Wozniak, G.J.
AU  - Morrissey, D.J.
T1  - Heavy residue formation in 20 MeV<f>/</f>nucleon <f>197Au+90Zr</f> collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The yields and velocity distributions of heavy residues and fission fragments from the reaction of 20 MeV<f>/</f>nucleon <f>197Au+90Zr</f> have been measured using the MSU A1200 fragment separator. A bimodal distribution of residues is observed, with one group, resulting from peripheral collisions, having fragment mass numbers <f>A=160</f>–200 while the other group, resulting from “hard” collisions, has <f>A=120</f>–160. These “hard” collision residues can be distinguished from fission fragments by their velocities. A model combining deep-inelastic transfer and incomplete fusion for the primary interaction stage and a statistical evaporation code for the deexcitation stage has been used to describe the properties of the product distributions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - Deep inelastic scattering
KW  - Incomplete fusion
KW  - Nuclear reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 7808120; Souliotis, G.A. 1; Email Address: soulioti@comp.tamu.edu Loveland, W. 1 Hanold, K. 2 Wozniak, G.J. 3 Morrissey, D.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 705 Issue 3/4, p279; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep inelastic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Incomplete fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear reactions; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gutierrez, T.D.
AU  - Vogt, R.
T1  - Asymmetries between strange and antistrange particle production in pion–proton interactions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Recent measurements of the asymmetries between Feynman <f>x</f> distributions of strange and antistrange hadrons in <f>π−A</f> interactions show a strong effect as a function of <f>xF</f>. We calculate strange hadron production in the context of the intrinsic model and make predictions for particle/antiparticle asymmetries in these interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7808125; Gutierrez, T.D. 1 Vogt, R. 1,2; Email Address: vogt@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 705 Issue 3/4, p396; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaffner-Bielich, Jürgen
AU  - Kharzeev, Dmitri
AU  - McLerran, Larry
AU  - Venugopalan, Raju
T1  - Generalized scaling of the transverse mass spectrum at the relativistic heavy-ion collider
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/07/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 494
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We argue that the transverse mass spectra of identified hadrons as measured in gold–gold collisions at BNLs Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) follows a generalized scaling law. Such a scaling behavior is motivated by the idea of a Color Glass Condensate, or more generally, saturation of the gluon density. In particular, we describe the shapes of transverse mass spectra as a function of centrality. This scaling of the transverse mass spectrum is shown to be consistent with previously observed scaling of multiplicity with centrality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - SPECTRA
N1  - Accession Number: 7808129; Schaffner-Bielich, Jürgen 1; Email Address: schaffne@nt3.phys.columbia.edu Kharzeev, Dmitri 2 McLerran, Larry 2 Venugopalan, Raju 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 705 Issue 3/4, p494; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: SPECTRA; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Fu, C.L.
AU  - Pike, L.M.
AU  - Easton, D.S.
T1  - Magnetism-induced solid solution effects in intermetallic Ni60Al40
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/07/17/
VL  - 50
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3205
SN  - 13596454
AB  - In this study, experimental work on solute effects in an intermetallic alloy, NiAl, has been complemented by first-principles quantum mechanical calculations to investigate the effect of iron and cobalt solutes on lattice parameter and hardening. Ternary additions of iron and cobalt with similar atomic sizes were added to replace nickel in NiAl containing 40% Al. Cobalt solutes did not affect the lattice parameter or the hardening behavior of NiAl alloys. Iron solutes, on the other hand, substantially expanded the lattice, resulting in unusual solid solution softening. These results could not be explained from a consideration of the size mismatch based on the Goldschmidt radii for iron and cobalt atoms. From the contrasting behavior of the iron and cobalt solutes, magnetic interactions induced by iron atoms located on the aluminum sublattice have been identified as a new factor responsible for the unusual large lattice dilation and resultant solid solution softening in these intermetallic alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Ab initio
KW  - Casting
KW  - Intermetallic compounds
KW  - Magnetic properties
KW  - Mechanical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 7837300; Liu, C.T.; Email Address: liuct@ornl.gov Fu, C.L. 1 Pike, L.M. 1 Easton, D.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 50 Issue 12, p3205; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Casting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leibovich, Adam K.
AU  - Ligeti, Zoltan
AU  - Wise, Mark B.
T1  - Enhanced subleading structure functions in semileptonic <f>B</f> decay
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/07/18/
VL  - 539
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The charged lepton spectrum in semileptonic <f>B→Xuℓν¯</f> decay near maximal lepton energy receives important corrections from subleading structure functions that are formally suppressed by powers of <f>ΛQCD/mb</f> but are enhanced by numerical factors. We investigate the series of higher order terms which smear over a region of width <f>ΔEℓ∼ΛQCD</f> near the endpoint the contributions proportional to <f>δ(Eℓ−mb/2)</f> times (i) the matrix element of the chromomagnetic operator, and (ii) four-quark operators. These contribute to the total rate at the few percent level, but affect the endpoint region much more significantly. Implications for the determination of <f>&z.sfnc;Vub&z.sfnc;</f> are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 7838657; Leibovich, Adam K. 1; Email Address: adam@fnal.gov Ligeti, Zoltan 2; Email Address: zligeti@lbl.gov Wise, Mark B. 3; Email Address: wise@theory.caltech.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theory Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 539 Issue 3/4, p242; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng, J.P.
AU  - Xin, Y.
T1  - Characterization of RuO2·xH2O with various water contents
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/07/20/
VL  - 110
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Hydrous ruthenium oxides (RuO2·xH2O) with different contents of water (x) were prepared by annealing commercial RuO2·2.6H2O powders at different temperatures. The morphologies and crystalline structures of RuO2·xH2O were investigated using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) techniques. From the TEM images, it was observed that the particle size of RuO2·xH2O increased with increasing annealing temperature. From the SAED patterns, it was observed that RuO2·xH2O powders became an amorphous phase at annealing temperatures <116 °C and became a crystalline phase at annealing temperatures above 116 °C. Amorphous RuO2·xH2O prepared at 116 °C reached its maximum specific capacitance as a result of proton insertion into the bulk of RuO2 but with smaller Ru–Ru distance in the local structure. The more disordered structure induced by proton insertion was obtained by SAED pattern from a sample annealed at 116 °C. The possible connection between the microstructure and specific capacitance of RuO2·xH2O is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM compounds
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - Hydrous ruthenium oxide
KW  - Selected area electron diffraction
KW  - Transmission electron microscope
N1  - Accession Number: 7834729; Zheng, J.P. 1; Email Address: zheng@eng.fsu.edu Xin, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University and Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Magnet Science and Technology, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 110 Issue 1, p86; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM compounds; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrous ruthenium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selected area electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscope; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brash, E.J.
AU  - Hovdebo, J.
AU  - Lolos, G.J.
AU  - Huber, G.M.
AU  - van der Meer, R.
AU  - Papandreou, Z.
T1  - Operational performance of the Hall A mirror aerogel Cherenkov counter
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/07/21/
VL  - 487
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 346
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report the results of an operational test of the efficiency and position sensitivity of a silica-aerogel Cherenkov detector installed in the HRS-E spectrometer in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. The calibration was performed with data from elastic electron scattering from polarized <f>3He</f>. The response of the photo-multiplier tubes was linearized with a quadratic correction, allowing a unique number of photo-electrons (PEs) to be extracted. The result obtained (<f>∼7.3</f> PEs) is consistent with the performance of the prototype detector tested earlier under ideal conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CHERENKOV counters
KW  - Cherenkov
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Nuclear and particle physics
N1  - Accession Number: 7838594; Brash, E.J. 1; Email Address: brash@uregina.ca Hovdebo, J. 1 Lolos, G.J. 1 Huber, G.M. 1 van der Meer, R. 1,2 Papandreou, Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Sask, S4S 0A2, Canada  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 487 Issue 3, p346; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CHERENKOV counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear and particle physics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albrow, M.
AU  - Aota, S.
AU  - Apollinari, G.
AU  - Asakawa, T.
AU  - Bailey, M.
AU  - de Barbaro, P.
AU  - Barnes, V.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
AU  - Blusk, S.
AU  - Bodek, A.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Budd, H.
AU  - Cauz, D.
AU  - Demortier, L.
AU  - Fukui, Y.
AU  - Gotra, Y.
AU  - Hahn, S.
AU  - Handa, T.
AU  - Hatakeyama, K.
AU  - Ikeda, H.
T1  - Intercalibration of the longitudinal segments of a calorimeter system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/07/21/
VL  - 487
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Three different methods of setting the hadronic energy scale of a longitudinally segmented calorimeter system are compared with each other. The merits of these methods have been studied with testbeam data from the CDF Plug Upgrade Calorimeter. It turns out that one of the (commonly used) calibration methods introduces a number of undesirable side effects, such as an increased hadronic signal nonlinearity and trigger biases resulting from the fact that the reconstructed energy of hadrons depends on the starting point of their showers. These problems can be avoided when a different calibration method is used. The results of this study are applied to determine the <f>e/h</f> values of the calorimeter and its segments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Calorimetry
KW  - Compensation
KW  - Jets
KW  - Linearity
N1  - Accession Number: 7838598; Albrow, M. 1 Aota, S. 2 Apollinari, G. 1 Asakawa, T. 2 Bailey, M. 3 de Barbaro, P. 4 Barnes, V. 5 Benjamin, D. 6 Blusk, S. 4 Bodek, A. 4 Bolla, G. 5 Budd, H. 4 Cauz, D. 7 Demortier, L. 8 Fukui, Y. 9 Gotra, Y. 10 Hahn, S. 1 Handa, T. 11 Hatakeyama, K. 8 Ikeda, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL USA  2: University of Tsukuba, Japan  3: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA  4: University of Rochester, Rochester, USA  5: Purdue University, Lafayette, USA  6: Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA  7: Università di Udine e Sezione INFN di Trieste, Italy  8: Rockefeller University, New York, USA  9: KEK, Tsukuba, Japan  10: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA  11: Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 487 Issue 3, p381; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linearity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veldkamp, M.
AU  - Beckhoff, B.
AU  - Fliegauf, R.
AU  - Ulm, G.
AU  - Frank, M.
AU  - Friedrich, S.
AU  - Labov, S.E.
T1  - Characterization of superconducting tunnel junction X-ray detectors by means of monochromatized undulator radiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/07/21/
VL  - 487
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 450
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A superconducting tunnel junction X-ray detector system was designed to match current energy resolution, count rate and UHV requirements in soft X-ray spectroscopy. It employs a two-stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator with a 23 cm long cold finger to operate the detector inside a sample chamber for X-ray fluorescence measurements. This cryogenic detector system was characterized in the energy range from 100 eV to 900 eV with respect to its energy resolution ranging from 12 eV to 25 eV FWHM, count rate capability up to 80 kcps and absolute detection efficiency using undulator radiation monochromatized by means of a plane grating monochromator beamline. Collimating the beam to the detector area improves the energy resolution by about 10%. The potential of this novel detector for beamline characterization was investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Beamline characterization
KW  - Detector calibration
KW  - Superconducting tunnel junction (STJ)
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF)
N1  - Accession Number: 7838604; Veldkamp, M. 1 Beckhoff, B. 1; Email Address: burkhard.beckhoff@ptb.de Fliegauf, R. 1 Ulm, G. 1 Frank, M. 2 Friedrich, S. 2 Labov, S.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-418, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 487 Issue 3, p450; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beamline characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting tunnel junction (STJ); Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamato, Kazuhiro
AU  - Fernandez, Fernando A.
AU  - Vogel, Howard F.
AU  - Bartsch, Richard A.
AU  - Dietz, Mark L.
T1  - Stereospecific synthesis of cis–trans-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 and K+ complexation by the five dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 isomers
JO  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
JF  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/07/22/
VL  - 43
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5229
SN  - 00404039
AB  - Stereospecific syntheses of the cis–trans-isomer of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 allows the K+ complexation behavior of all five dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 isomers to be compared. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEREOCHEMISTRY
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - crown ether
KW  - K+ complexation
KW  - stereospecific synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7833477; Yamato, Kazuhiro 1 Fernandez, Fernando A. 1 Vogel, Howard F. 1 Bartsch, Richard A. 1; Email Address: richard.bartsch@ttu.edu Dietz, Mark L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4831, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 43 Issue 30, p5229; Subject Term: STEREOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Author-Supplied Keyword: crown ether; Author-Supplied Keyword: K+ complexation; Author-Supplied Keyword: stereospecific synthesis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Altman, E.I.
AU  - Droubay, T.
AU  - Chambers, S.A.
T1  - Growth of MoO3 films by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/07/22/
VL  - 414
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The growth of MoO3 films on SrLaAlO4(0 0 1), a substrate lattice-matched to β-MoO3, by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy was characterized using reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopies (AFM and STM). It was found that the flux of reactive oxygen species to the surface was not high enough to maintain the proper stoichiometry, even at the lowest measurable deposition rates. Therefore, the films were grown by depositing Mo in small increments and then allowing the Mo to oxidize. At 675 K, the films grew epitaxially but in a three-dimensional manner. XRD of films grown under these conditions revealed a tetragonal structure that has not been previously observed in bulk MoO3 samples. Decreasing the growth temperature to 535 K led to polycrystalline α-MoO3 preferentially aligned with the [0 1 0] and [1 0 0] directions of the grains oriented normal to the substrate. By manipulating the initial growth conditions, relatively flat, epitaxial MoO3 films could be grown on SrLaAlO4(0 0 1). In this case, the equivalent of one layer of β-MoO3(0 0 1) was deposited at 675 K before adding several layers of MoO3 at 550 K. Unlike growth solely at 675 K, the MoO3 formed in this manner did not dewet the surface when reheated to 675 K and RHEED indicated that continued MoO3 growth at this temperature proceeded epitaxially. XRD and AFM indicated that films grown in this manner contained α-MoO3 crystallites in addition to an epitaxial phase that accounted for most of the surface area of the film. STM images of the film that revealed step heights expected for β-MoO3(0 0 1), along with RHEED results that revealed in-plane lattice constants consistent with β-MoO3, indicated that epitaxial β-MoO3 films can be grown and that geometric matching to the substrate can stabilize the β phase at temperatures where it is not stable in the bulk. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - Growth mechanism
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - Oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 7858589; Altman, E.I. 1; Email Address: eric.altman@yale.edu Droubay, T. 2 Chambers, S.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, P.O. Box 208286, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 414 Issue 2, p205; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxides; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, D.
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
AU  - Nitsche, H.
T1  - A comparative theoretical study of bonding in <f>UO2++,UO2+,UO2,UO2−</f>, OUCO, <f>O2U(CO)2</f> and <f>UO2CO3</f>
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/07/24/
VL  - 361
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Extensive ab initio calculations have been carried out to study the structure and bonding characteristics of <f>UO2++,UO2,UO2+,UO2−,OUCO,O2U(CO)2</f>, and <f>UO2CO3</f> using various methods including complete active space multiconfiguration self consistent filed (CASMCSCF) and multireference singles plus doubles configuration (MRSDCI) techniques. The calculated vibrational frequencies of these species are compared with the matrix spectra of Andrews and coworkers. The nature of bonding in these species is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SELF-consistent field theory
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 7845306; Majumdar, D. 1 Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu Nitsche, H. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, Hertz Hall, Bldg 661, Davis College of Engineering, University of California at Davis, P.O. Box 808, L-794, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 361 Issue 1/2, p143; Subject Term: SELF-consistent field theory; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cosentino, Lidia
AU  - Malling, Heinrich V.
AU  - Heddle, John. A.
T1  - Response of the φX174 am3, cs70 transgene to acute and chronic ENU exposure: implications for protocol design
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/07/25/
VL  - 518
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Studies of other transgenic assays have shown that time after treatment is a very important variable in the analysis of mutation frequencies but that eventually a plateau frequency is reached, indicating that the mutations are neutral. This neutrality is very important for the design of both experiments and testing protocols. Here we show that the φX174 am3, cs70 transgene gives qualitatively similar results to the other transgenes studied after exposure of the mice to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea . In the small intestine, the mutant frequency induced by an acute dose did not change significantly from 10 to 70 days post-treatment, indicating that the mutations induced are, indeed, neutral. Likewise, the mutant frequency increased linearly with duration of exposure to ENU at a constant rate. Mutant frequencies obtained were 10 times higher from the chronic exposure than produced by a nearly lethal acute dose. As in previous comparisons of a transgene and the endogenous Dlb-1 locus in the small intestine, the chronic exposure was much more effective at increasing the sensitivity of the transgene than of the endogenous gene. The Dlb-1 locus shows more complex kinetics in this strain, as in others, with mutations initially accumulating at a slower rate, indicating a differential repair of genetic damage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Transgenic mice
KW  - Mutagen
KW  - Treatment protocol
N1  - Accession Number: 7839651; Cosentino, Lidia 1,2; Email Address: cosentino1@llnl.gov; Malling, Heinrich V. 3; Heddle, John. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, 7000 East Ave, 94550 Livermore, CA, USA; 2: Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ont., Canada M3J 1P3; 3: Mammaliam Genetics Group, Laboratory of Toxicology, Environmental Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Issue Info: Jul2002, Vol. 518 Issue 2, p113; Thesaurus Term: Mutagens; Subject Term: Transgenic mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Treatment protocol; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xin-Nian
AU  - Yuan, Feng
T1  - Azimuthal asymmetry of <f>J/ψ</f> suppression in non-central heavy-ion collisions
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/07/25/
VL  - 540
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The azimuthal asymmetry of <f>J/ψ</f> suppression in non-central heavy-ion collisions is studied within a dynamic model of <f>J/ψ</f> suppression in a deconfined partonic medium. Within this model, <f>J/ψ</f> suppression in heavy-ion collisions is caused mainly by the initial state nuclear absorption and dissociation via gluon-<f>J/ψ</f> scattering in deconfined partonic medium. Only the second mechanism gives arise to azimuthal asymmetry of the final <f>J/ψ</f> production. We demonstrate that if there is an onset of suppression by quark–gluon plasma (QGP) in the NA50 data, it must be accompanied by the non-vanishing azimuthal asymmetry. Using the same critical density above which the QGP effect enters, we predict the azimuthal asymmetric coefficient <f>v2</f> as well as the survival probability for <f>J/ψ</f> at the RHIC energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7841597; Wang, Xin-Nian 1; Email Address: xnwang@lbl.gov Yuan, Feng 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, MS 70-319, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institut für Theoretische Physik der Universität, Philosophenweg 19, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 540 Issue 1/2, p62; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rice, Onarae V.
AU  - Gordon, Nicarter
AU  - Gifford, Andrew N.
T1  - Conditioned place preference to morphine in cannabinoid CB1 receptor knockout mice
JO  - Brain Research
JF  - Brain Research
Y1  - 2002/07/26/
VL  - 945
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 00068993
AB  - Recent reports have suggested an involvement of the brain cannabinoid system in the morphine-reward pathway. To address this question we evaluated whether CB1 receptor knockout mice would show a conditioned place preference to morphine. CB1 receptor knockout mice developed a strong place preference to 4 and 8 mg/kg morphine, similar to that in wild-type Swiss–Webster mice. This data thus does not support a contribution of the brain cannabinoid system to morphine reward. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CANNABINOIDS
KW  - MORPHINE
KW  - Cannabinoid receptor
KW  - CB1 receptor
KW  - Conditioned place preference
KW  - Morphine
KW  - Opioid reward
N1  - Accession Number: 7839010; Rice, Onarae V. 1 Gordon, Nicarter 1 Gifford, Andrew N.; Email Address: gifforda@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 945 Issue 1, p135; Subject Term: CANNABINOIDS; Subject Term: MORPHINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cannabinoid receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: CB1 receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conditioned place preference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morphine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Opioid reward; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagy, Zoltán
AU  - You, Hoydoo
T1  - Applications of surface X-ray scattering to electrochemistry problems
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/27/
VL  - 47
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3037
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Applications of the synchrotron X-ray scattering technique to electrochemistry problems are briefly reviewed ranging from submonolayer level phenomena, through nanometer size phenomena, to submicron size phenomena; that is, covering the full range of the ‘interphase’ at an electrode surface. The examples include, (i) incipient oxidation/reduction of platinum single crystal surfaces; (ii) submonolayer/monolayer level oxidation/reduction of ruthenium dioxide single crystal surfaces; (iii) copper passivation/depassivation; and (iv) anodic formation of porous silicon and silicon dioxide layers. The design of several X-ray/electrochemical cells is also described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - Copper passivation
KW  - Platinum oxidation
KW  - Ruthenium dioxide electrode
KW  - Single crystal electrode
N1  - Accession Number: 7853833; Nagy, Zoltán 1 You, Hoydoo; Email Address: you@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 19, p3037; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper passivation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium dioxide electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal electrode; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeVilbiss, J.E.
AU  - Wang, J.X.
AU  - Ocko, B.M.
AU  - Tamura, K.
AU  - Adzic, R.R.
AU  - Vartanyants, I.A.
AU  - Robinson, I.K.
T1  - Time response of the thin layer electrochemical cell used for in situ X-ray diffraction
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/27/
VL  - 47
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3057
SN  - 00134686
AB  - As the potential applied to the bromide on Ag(001) thin layer electrochemical cell increases past a critical level, the bromide adlayer undergoes a second order phase transition from a disordered state to an ordered state. Using surface X-ray diffraction we measured the time response of this phase transition due to an applied step potential. We find that the time response of the phase transition is limited by the properties of the thin layer geometry. By modeling the electrochemical cell as a RC circuit, we argue that the observed time delay is primarily due to the slow diffusion of charge into the central region of the electrode surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BROMIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Diffusion equation
KW  - Phase transition
KW  - Surface ordering
KW  - Thin layer cell
KW  - Time response
N1  - Accession Number: 7853834; DeVilbiss, J.E. 1; Email Address: devilbss@uiuc.edu Wang, J.X. 2 Ocko, B.M. 3 Tamura, K. 3 Adzic, R.R. 3 Vartanyants, I.A. 1 Robinson, I.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Energy Science and Technology Department, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 19, p3057; Subject Term: BROMIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface ordering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin layer cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time response; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Virtanen, S.
AU  - Schmuki, P.
AU  - Isaacs, H.S.
T1  - In situ X-ray absorption near edge structure studies of mechanisms of passivity
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/27/
VL  - 47
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3117
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The goal of this paper is to illustrate how in situ X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) investigations can give a more detailed understanding of the function of various parameters on the mechanisms of passivity. In situ XANES has been used to monitor changes in oxidation state under electrochemical control that lead to a solid-state conversion or dissolution of metal or oxide. Recent studies on native and artificial passive films-mainly Fe, Cr and Fe–Cr alloys, are employed for this purpose. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Fe–Cr
KW  - Passive films
KW  - Passivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7853842; Virtanen, S. 1; Email Address: virtanen@ibwk.baug.ethz.ch Schmuki, P. 2 Isaacs, H.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Materials Chemistry and Corrosion and Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland  2: Department for Material Science, Chair for Surface Science and Corrosion (LKO), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany  3: Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 19, p3117; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe–Cr; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passive films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passivity; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Isaacs, H.S.
AU  - Virtanen1, S.
AU  - Ryan, M.P.
AU  - Schmuki1, P.
AU  - Oblonsky, L.J.
T1  - Incorporation of Cr in the passive film on Fe from chromate solutions
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/27/
VL  - 47
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3127
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The uptake of Cr species from chromate solutions by Fe has been studied using X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). The objective of the investigation was to compare XANES with radioactive tracer techniques used by Brasher et al. Cr(III) was detected on the passive iron surface. The amount of Cr(III) was increased by cathodic polarization and decreased by anodic polarization. This demonstrated that the uptake of Cr(III) was the result of cathodic processes and was not a direct result of the growth of the passive oxide film. Cr(VI) was only found after Fe was exposed to a saturated dichromate solutions for extended periods indicating that Cr(VI) was not strongly absorbed on the passive film. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - Chromate adsorption
KW  - Chromate inhibitor
KW  - Chromium species
KW  - Iron passivity
KW  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7853843; Isaacs, H.S. 1; Email Address: isaacs@bnl.gov Virtanen1, S. 2 Ryan, M.P. 3 Schmuki1, P. 4 Oblonsky, L.J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division (MSD), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg 480 P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Materials and Institute of Materials Chemistry and Corrosion, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Hoenggerberg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland  3: Department of Materials, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK  4: Department for Material Science, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, LKO, Martensstr. 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany  5: DuPont Technologies, Microcircuit Materials, P.O. Box 13999, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3999, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 19, p3127; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromate adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromate inhibitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium species; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron passivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mansour, A.N.
AU  - Smith, P.H.
AU  - Baker, W.M.
AU  - Balasubramanian, M.
AU  - McBreen, J.
T1  - In situ XAS investigation of the oxidation state and local structure of vanadium in discharged and charged V2O5 aerogel cathodes
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/27/
VL  - 47
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3151
SN  - 00134686
AB  - We have examined the evolution of the oxidation state and atomic structure of vanadium(V) in discharged and charged nanophase vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) aerogel cathodes under in situ conditions using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). We show that the oxidation state of V in V2O5 aerogel cathode heated under vacuum (100 μTorr) at 220 °C for 20.5 h is similar to that of V in a commercially obtained sample of orthorhombic V2O5. In addition, lithium (Li) insertion during the first cycle of discharging leads to the reduction of V(V) to V(IV) and V(IV) to V(III) in a manner consistent with the stoichiometry of the sample (i.e. LixV2O5). Li extraction during charging leads to oxidation of V(III) to V(IV) and then V(IV) to V(V). Furthermore, the oxidation state of V in fully charged cathodes remains unchanged with cycling (upto at least the 16th cycle) from that of V in the control V2O5 aerogel cathode. However, the average oxidation state of V in discharged V2O5 cathodes increased with cycling. Moreover, the local structure of V in the discharged state has a higher degree of symmetry than that of the fully charged state. A significant change in the structure of the V&z.sbnd;V correlation of discharged cathodes is observed with cycling indicating the formation of electrochemically irreversible phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VANADIUM
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - Lithium intercalation
KW  - Local structure
KW  - Oxidation state
KW  - Vanadium pentoxide aerogels
KW  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7853847; Mansour, A.N. 1; Email Address: mansouran@nswccd.navy.mil Smith, P.H. 1 Baker, W.M. 1 Balasubramanian, M. 2 McBreen, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, Code 644, 9500 MacArthur Boulevard, West Bethesda, MD 20817-5700, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Materials Division, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 19, p3151; Subject Term: VANADIUM; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium intercalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadium pentoxide aerogels; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, C.S.
AU  - Kropf, A.J.
T1  - In situ XAFS analysis of the LixNi0.8Co0.2O2 cathode during cycling in lithium batteries
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/27/
VL  - 47
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3187
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The layered LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 system has drawn interest as a cathode material for lithium battery high-power applications. In order to determine the charge compensation mechanism and structural perturbations occurring in the system during cycling, in situ battery X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (XAFS) measurements were conducted on a cell cycled at a moderate rate and typical Li-ion battery operating voltages (3.0–4.1 V). The XAFS data collected at the Ni and Co edges approximately every 30 min during cycling revealed details about the response of the cathode to Li insertion and extraction. These measurements on the LixNi0.8Co0.2O2 cathode (0.29<x<0.78) demonstrated that the material retains excellent structural short-range order leading to superior cycling. Interestingly, the Co and Ni atoms behaved differently in response to Li insertion/extraction. This study corroborates previous work that explains the XAFS of the Ni atoms in terms of a Ni3+ Jahn–Teller ion. An analysis of the metal–metal distances suggests, contrary to a qualitative analysis of the X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), that Co3+ is oxidized to the maximum extent possible (within the Li content range of this experiment) at x=0.47±0.04, while Ni3+ is oxidized in equal and linear increments proportional to the battery''s state-of-charge. XAFS results on discharge show an almost completely reversible process with charge compensation through Co4+ and Ni4+ site reduction and a return to the original structural state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Lithium insertion
KW  - Lithium–nickel–cobalt oxide
KW  - X-ray absorption
N1  - Accession Number: 7853852; Johnson, C.S.; Email Address: johnsoncs@cmt.anl.gov Kropf, A.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Electrochemical Technology Program, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 19, p3187; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium insertion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium–nickel–cobalt oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Totir, Dana A.
AU  - Antonio, Mark R.
AU  - Schilling, Paul
AU  - Tittsworth, Roland
AU  - Scherson, Daniel A.
T1  - In situ sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure of an embedded pyrite particle electrode in a non-aqueous Li+-based electrolyte solution
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/27/
VL  - 47
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3195
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Changes in the composition of embedded pyrite (FeS2) particle electrodes in 1 M LiClO4 propylene carbonate solutions as a function of the applied potential have been examined in situ by S K-edge fluorescence X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), using a specially designed cell that minimizes attenuation of low energy X-rays. Pyrite electrodes that had been scanned from 3.0 V versus Li/Li+, i.e. close to the open circuit voltage, down to 1.0 V (fully discharged state, i.e. 4e−-reduction) and then half recharged (2e−-reoxidation) by scanning the potential in the positive direction up to 2.2 V versus Li/Li+, revealed features consistent with the presence of Li2FeS2, in agreement with in situ Fe K-edge results reported earlier by this research group. Moreover, only subtle changes were discerned between the in situ S K-edge XANES of the half-, and fully-recharged electrodes. This close resemblance may reflect similarities between the spectral signatures of Li2FeS2 and Fe1−xS (pyrrhotite), which is the main product of the discharge reaction. Evidence for the formation of elemental sulfur and Li2S, which are believed to be minor products of the reaction, was obtained from analysis of the first differential S XANES and selected difference spectra. The compositional variations of the embedded pyrite particles throughout the course of the electrochemical processes occur in the presence of a persistent sulfate coating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PYRITES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - Embedded particle electrode
KW  - In situ spectroelectrochemistry
KW  - Pyrite
KW  - Sulfur K-edge
KW  - XANES
N1  - Accession Number: 7853854; Totir, Dana A. 1 Antonio, Mark R. 2 Schilling, Paul 3 Tittsworth, Roland 4 Scherson, Daniel A. 1; Email Address: dxs16@po.cwru.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7078, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4831, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA  4: The J. Bennett Johnston, Sr. Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 19, p3195; Subject Term: PYRITES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Embedded particle electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ spectroelectrochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur K-edge; Author-Supplied Keyword: XANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haas, O.
AU  - Holzer, F.
AU  - Müller, S.
AU  - McBreen, J.M.
AU  - Yang, X.Q.
AU  - Sun, X.
AU  - Balasubramanian, M.
T1  - X-ray absorption and diffraction studies of La0.6Ca0.4CoO3 perovskite, a catalyst for bifunctional oxygen electrodes
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/07/27/
VL  - 47
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3211
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The chemical stability of La0.6Ca0.4CoO3 perovskite as an electrocatalyst in bifunctional oxygen electrodes has been studied by ex-situ and in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements. The catalyst was investigated ex-situ as a powder mixed with BN, and in-situ on carbon supports in bilayer air electrodes at different potentials in an electrochemical cell with an alkaline electrolyte. It was found to be stable for at least 1300 h in electrodes operated under the conditions of rechargeable Zn/air cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Bifunctional oxygen electrodes
KW  - In-situ X-ray absorption
KW  - La0.6Ca0.4CoO3 perovskite
KW  - Zn/air cells
N1  - Accession Number: 7853856; Haas, O. 1; Email Address: otto.haas@psi.ch Holzer, F. 1 Müller, S. 1 McBreen, J.M. 2 Yang, X.Q. 2 Sun, X. 2 Balasubramanian, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Energy Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2002, Vol. 47 Issue 19, p3211; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bifunctional oxygen electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-situ X-ray absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: La0.6Ca0.4CoO3 perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zn/air cells; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moldovan, D.
AU  - Wolf, D.
AU  - Phillpot, S.R.
AU  - Haslam, A.J.
T1  - Role of grain rotation during grain growth in a columnar microstructure by mesoscale simulation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 50
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3397
SN  - 13596454
AB  - We use a mesoscopic simulation approach to study the coupling and competition between grain-boundary-curvature driven and grain-rotation-coalescence induced grain growth in a <f>〈001〉</f> textured columnar microstructure. The well-known variational formulation for the total dissipated power, due to Needleman and Rice, provides the formal basis for our two-dimensional simulations. A stochastic velocity Monte-Carlo algorithm is used to minimize the functional in each time step. The competition between grain-boundary migration and grain rotation introduces a physical length scale, Rc, into the system, enabling the growth process to be characterized by two regimes. If the average grain size is smaller than Rc, as is the case in nanocrystalline materials, grain growth is dominated by the grain-rotation-coalescence mechanism. By contrast, if the average grain size is greater than Rc, then growth is dominated by curvature-driven grain-boundary migration. The growth exponents characterizing the power-law time dependence of the average grain size are different for the two growth regimes. An extended von Neumann–Mullins relation, based on averaged grain-boundary properties, is further extended to include the effect of grain rotations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - Grain coalescence
KW  - Grain growth
KW  - Grain rotation
N1  - Accession Number: 7849648; Moldovan, D. 1,2; Email Address: dorelm@anl.gov Wolf, D. 1 Phillpot, S.R. 1 Haslam, A.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 212, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 50 Issue 13, p3397; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain coalescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain rotation; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Voytovych, R.
AU  - MacLaren, I.
AU  - Gülgün, M.A.
AU  - Cannon, R.M.
AU  - Rühle, M.
T1  - The effect of yttrium on densification and grain growth in α-alumina
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 50
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3453
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The grain growth and densification have been investigated in very high-purity α-alumina doped with varying amounts of yttrium (0 to 3000 wt ppm of yttria) and sintered in air at 1450, 1550 and 1650 °C. Yttrium doping inhibited densification and coarsening at 1450 °C, but had very little effect at 1550 °C and no effect at 1650 °C. The change in densification behaviour is suggested to be related to the transition with increasing temperature from grain boundary diffusion to lattice diffusion controlled densification. The coarsening rate increases faster with temperature than the densification rate. This was correlated with a higher measured activation energy for grain growth than for the diffusion processes, which control the densification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YTTRIUM
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - Alumina
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Grain growth
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Sintering
N1  - Accession Number: 7849652; Voytovych, R. 1 MacLaren, I.; Email Address: ian.maclaren@physics.org Gülgün, M.A. 2 Cannon, R.M. 3 Rühle, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Seestrasse 92, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Sabanci University, 81474 Tuzla/Istanbul, Turkey  3: Evans Hall (MC 1760), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 50 Issue 13, p3453; Subject Term: YTTRIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sintering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, F.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Majumdar, S.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
AU  - Grimdisch, M.
AU  - Dominguez-Rodriguez, A.
T1  - Influence of internal stresses in superplastic joining of zirconia toughened alumina
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 50
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3475
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Joints between various compositions of 3 mol% Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2/Al2O3 composites have been produced by superplastic flow at 1350 °C and strain rates of 1×10−5 s−1. The joints are pore free and Vickers indentation induced cracks indicate that the joints are strong. The cracks have been used to measure residual stresses, which can be modified by using an interlayer between the materials to be joined. The results agree well with those obtained by finite-element analysis. Ruby fluorescence has been used to measure the hydrostatic stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS -- Ductility
KW  - Finite-element analysis
KW  - Joining
KW  - Plasticity
KW  - Residual stresses
N1  - Accession Number: 7849654; Gutierrez-Mora, F. 1 Goretta, K.C. 1 Majumdar, S. 1 Routbort, J.L. 1; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov Grimdisch, M. 2 Dominguez-Rodriguez, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  2: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 50 Issue 13, p3475; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS -- Ductility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite-element analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Joining; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stresses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Z.P.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
T1  - A new glass-forming ability criterion for bulk metallic glasses
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 50
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3501
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A new indicator of glass-forming ability (GFA) for bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is proposed based on crystallization processes during cooling and reheating of the supercooled liquid. The interrelationship between this new parameter and the critical cooling rate or critical section thickness is elaborated and discussed in comparison with two other representatives, i.e. reduced glass transition temperature Trg (<f>=Tg/Tl</f>, where Tg and Tl are the glass transition temperature and liquidus temperature, respectively) and supercooled liquid range ΔTxg (<f>=Tx−Tg</f>, where Tx is the onset crystallization temperature and Tg the glass transition temperature). Our results have shown that ΔTxg alone cannot infer relative GFA for BMGs while the new parameter γ, defined as <f>Tx/(Tg+Tl)</f>, has a much better interrelationship with GFA than Trg. An approximation of the critical cooling rate and critical section thickness for glass formation in bulk metallic glasses is also formulated and evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - FOUNDING
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - ORDER-disorder models
KW  - Casting
KW  - Differential thermal analysis
KW  - Glass-forming ability
KW  - Metallic glasses
KW  - Order–disorder phenomena
N1  - Accession Number: 7849656; Lu, Z.P. 1 Liu, C.T.; Email Address: liuct@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 50 Issue 13, p3501; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: FOUNDING; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: ORDER-disorder models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Casting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential thermal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass-forming ability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Order–disorder phenomena; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ginn, Timothy R.
AU  - Wood, Brian D.
AU  - Nelson, Kirk E.
AU  - Scheibe, Timothy D.
AU  - Murphy, Ellyn M.
AU  - Clement, T. Prabhakar
T1  - Processes in microbial transport in the natural subsurface
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2002/08//Aug-Dec2002
VL  - 25
IS  - 8-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1017
SN  - 03091708
AB  - This is a review of physical, chemical, and biological processes governing microbial transport in the saturated subsurface. We begin with the conceptual models of the biophase that underlie mathematical descriptions of these processes and the physical processes that provide the framework for recent focus on less understood processes. Novel conceptual models of the interactions between cell surface structures and other surfaces are introduced, that are more realistic than the oft-relied upon DLVO theory of colloid stability. Biological processes reviewed include active adhesion/detachment (cell partitioning between aqueous and solid phase initiated by cell metabolism) and chemotaxis (motility in response to chemical gradients). We also discuss mathematical issues involved in upscaling results from the cell scale to the Darcy and field scales. Finally, recent studies at the Oyster, Virginia field site are discussed in terms of relating laboratory results to field scale problems of bioremediation and pathogen transport in the natural subsurface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Microbe–surface interactions
KW  - Microbial transport
KW  - Upscaling
N1  - Accession Number: 8575784; Ginn, Timothy R. 1; Email Address: trginn@ucdavis.edu Wood, Brian D. 2 Nelson, Kirk E. 1 Scheibe, Timothy D. 3 Murphy, Ellyn M. 3 Clement, T. Prabhakar 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Department of Civil, Construction, & Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Department of Environmental Engineering (DEE), Centre for Water Research, 35 Stirling Highway, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Source Info: Aug-Dec2002, Vol. 25 Issue 8-12, p1017; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbe–surface interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbial transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Upscaling; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lo, Wei-Cheng
AU  - Sposito, Garrison
AU  - Majer, Ernest
T1  - Immiscible two-phase fluid flows in deformable porous media
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2002/08//Aug-Dec2002
VL  - 25
IS  - 8-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1105
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Macroscopic differential equations of mass and momentum balance for two immiscible fluids in a deformable porous medium are derived in an Eulerian framework using the continuum theory of mixtures. After inclusion of constitutive relationships, the resulting momentum balance equations feature terms characterizing the coupling among the fluid phases and the solid matrix caused by their relative accelerations. These terms, which imply a number of interesting phenomena, do not appear in current hydrologic models of subsurface multiphase flow. Our equations of momentum balance are shown to reduce to the Berryman–Thigpen–Chen model of bulk elastic wave propagation through unsaturated porous media after simplification (e.g., isothermal conditions, neglect of gravity, etc.) and under the assumption of constant volume fractions and material densities. When specialized to the case of a porous medium containing a single fluid and an elastic solid, our momentum balance equations reduce to the well-known Biot model of poroelasticity. We also show that mass balance alone is sufficient to derive the Biot model stress–strain relations, provided that a closure condition for porosity change suggested by de la Cruz and Spanos is invoked. Finally, a relation between elastic parameters and inertial coupling coefficients is derived that permits the partial differential equations of the Biot model to be decoupled into a telegraph equation and a wave equation whose respective dependent variables are two different linear combinations of the dilatations of the solid and the fluid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - EULERIAN graphs
N1  - Accession Number: 8575788; Lo, Wei-Cheng 1 Sposito, Garrison; Email Address: gsposito@nature.berkeley.edu Majer, Ernest 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geophysics and Geomechanics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Hilgard Hall #3110, Berkeley, CA 94720-3110, USA; Source Info: Aug-Dec2002, Vol. 25 Issue 8-12, p1105; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: EULERIAN graphs; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semkow, T.M.
AU  - Parekh, P.P.
AU  - Schwenker, C.D.
AU  - Khan, A.J.
AU  - Bari, A.
AU  - Colaresi, J.F.
AU  - Tench, O.K.
AU  - David, G.
AU  - Guryn, W.
T1  - Low-background gamma spectrometry for environmental radioactivity
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Development and performance of a low-background <f>γ</f>-ray spectrometer are described. The spectrometer consists of a 131% efficient Ge detector in U-type configuration. The passive shielding consists of ultrapure lead of <f>6″</f> thickness. A top muon guard is used as an active shielding. The spectrometer and shielding are positioned inside a steel room made of <f>6″</f>-thick pre-World War II iron. The steel room is located underground with <f>33 m</f> of water-equivalent overburden. The total integrated background rate in the energy range 50–<f>2700 keV</f> was measured at <f>0.068 counts per second per 100 cm3</f> Ge volume. The spectrometer serves as a reference instrument for low-level and highly accurate environmental radioactivity measurements. One specific application of <f>228Ra</f> determination in drinking water is described. With a <f>1 l</f> water sample, 1-step chemical procedure, and <f>1000 min</f> counting time, a detection limit <f>Ld=20 mBq/l</f> <f>(0.55 pCi/l)</f> was reached, which meets the EPA mandated limit of <f>1 pCi/l</f>. Methods of upgrading the spectrometer as well as the predicted improvements in <f>228Ra</f> detection, including direct counting of water without chemical processing, are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
KW  - RADIUM isotopes
KW  - Gamma spectroscopy
KW  - Low-background
KW  - Radium-228
N1  - Accession Number: 7819894; Semkow, T.M. 1,2; Email Address: semkow@wadsworth.org Parekh, P.P. 1 Schwenker, C.D. 1 Khan, A.J. 1 Bari, A. 1 Colaresi, J.F. 3 Tench, O.K. 3 David, G. 4 Guryn, W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA  2: School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA  3: Canberra Industries, Inc., 800 Research Parkway, Meriden, CT 06450, USA  4: Physics Department, Bldg. 510, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 57 Issue 2, p213; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Subject Term: RADIUM isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-background; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radium-228; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blasi, Pasquale
AU  - Dick, Rainer
AU  - Kolb, Edward W.
T1  - Ultra-high energy cosmic rays from annihilation of superheavy dark matter
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 09276505
AB  - We consider the possibility that ultra-high energy cosmic rays originate from the annihilation of relic superheavy dark matter. We find that a cross-section of <f>〈σAv〉∼10−26</f> cm<f>2</f> (<f>MX/1012</f> GeV)<f>3/2</f> is required to account for the observed rate of super-GZK events if the superheavy dark matter follows a Navarro–Frenk–White density profile. This would require extremely large-l contributions to the annihilation cross-section. We also calculate the possible signature from annihilation in sub-galactic clumps of dark matter and find that the signal from sub-clumps dominates and may explain the observed flux with a much smaller cross-section than if the superheavy dark matter is smoothly distributed. Finally, we discuss the expected anisotropy in the arrival directions of the cosmic rays, which is a characteristic signature of this scenario. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
KW  - Dark matter
KW  - Ultra-high energy cosmic rays
N1  - Accession Number: 7831611; Blasi, Pasquale 1,2; Email Address: blasi@arcetri.astro.it Dick, Rainer 3; Email Address: rainer@sask.usask.ca Kolb, Edward W. 2,4; Email Address: rocky.kolb@cern.ch; Affiliation:  1: Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy  2: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Il 60510-0500, USA  3: Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E2  4: Department of Astronomy and Astophysics, Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Il 60637-1433, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultra-high energy cosmic rays; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garten Jr., Charles T.
T1  - Soil carbon storage beneath recently established tree plantations in Tennessee and South Carolina, USA
JO  - Biomass & Bioenergy
JF  - Biomass & Bioenergy
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 09619534
AB  - Rates of soil carbon (C) accumulation under 7 recently established tree plantations in Tennessee and South Carolina (USA) were estimated by comparing soil C stocks under the plantations to adjacent reference (nonplantation) sites. Estimated rates of C accumulation in surface (0–<f>40 cm</f>) mineral soil were 40–<f>170 g C m−2 yr−1</f> during the first decade following plantation establishment. Most soil C at each site was found in mineral-associated organic matter (i.e., soil C associated with the silt–clay fraction). Soils with high sand content and low initial C stocks exhibited the greatest gains in particulate organic matter C (POM-C). Labile soil C stocks (consisting of forest floor and mineral soil POM-C) became an increasingly important component of soil C storage as loblolly pine stands aged. Rates of mineral soil C accumulation were highly variable in the first decade of plantation growth, depending on location, but the findings support a hypothesis that farm to tree plantation conversions can result in high initial rates of soil C accumulation in the southeastern United States. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomass & Bioenergy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON in soils
KW  - HUMUS
KW  - Mineral-associated organic matter
KW  - Particulate organic matter
KW  - Soil C sequestration
KW  - Soil nitrogen
KW  - tree plantations (Loblolly pine)
N1  - Accession Number: 7837591; Garten Jr., Charles T. 1; Email Address: gartenctjr@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Mail Stop 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p93; Subject Term: CARBON in soils; Subject Term: HUMUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral-associated organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil C sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: tree plantations (Loblolly pine); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhai, Zhiqiang
AU  - Chen, Qingyan
AU  - Haves, Philip
AU  - Klems, Joseph H.
T1  - On approaches to couple energy simulation and computational fluid dynamics programs
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 857
SN  - 03601323
AB  - Energy simulation (ES) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can play an important role in building design by providing complementary information of the building performance. However, separate applications of ES and CFD usually cannot give an accurate prediction of building thermal and flow behavior due to the assumptions used in the applications. An integration of ES and CFD can eliminate many of these assumptions, since the information provided by ES and CFD is complementary. This paper describes some efficient approaches to integrate ES and CFD, such as static and dynamic coupling strategies, in order to bridge the discontinuities of time-scale, spatial resolution and computing speed between ES and CFD programs. This investigation further demonstrates some of the strategies through two examples by using the EnergyPlus and MIT-CFD programs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Building design
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
KW  - Energy simulation
KW  - Integration
N1  - Accession Number: 7820138; Zhai, Zhiqiang 1; Chen, Qingyan 1; Email Address: qchen@mit.edu; Haves, Philip 2; Klems, Joseph H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Architecture, Building Technology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 5-418, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307 USA; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 37 Issue 8/9, p857; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Integration; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Musy, Marjorie
AU  - Winkelmann, Frederick
AU  - Wurtz, Etienne
AU  - Sergent, Anne
T1  - Automatically generated zonal models for building air flow simulation: principles and applications
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
SN  - 03601323
AB  - In our formulation of zonal models for calculating room air temperature and flow distributions, the behavior of a room is represented by the connection of SPARK calculation modules. Modules to describe the building walls and various systems have been created. They form the models library. By assembling the appropriate modules, a zonal model of an entire building can be constructed. A model-generating tool called GenSPARK automates this process. SPARK solves the set of equations resulting from this construction to obtain the air flow and temperature distribution in the building. We describe our formulation of zonal models, show how GenSPARK works and give examples of configurations we are able to analyze. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - Air flow
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Temperature measurements
KW  - Air-flow
KW  - Building simulation
KW  - GenSPARK
KW  - SPARK
KW  - Zonal model
N1  - Accession Number: 7820140; Musy, Marjorie 1; Email Address: musy@cerma.archi.fr; Winkelmann, Frederick 2; Wurtz, Etienne 3; Sergent, Anne 4; Affiliations: 1: Centre de Recherche Méthodologique d'Architecture-Ecole d'Architecture de Nantes, Rue Massenet, BP 81931, 44319 Nantes Cedex 3, France; 2: Laboratoire d'Etude des Phénomènes de Transfert Appliqués au Bâtiment, Université de La Rochelle, avenue Marillac, 17042 La Rochelle Cedex 1, France; 3: Simulation Research Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4: Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la Mécanique et les Sciences de l'Ingénieur BP 133, F-91403 Orsay Cedex, France; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 37 Issue 8/9, p873; Thesaurus Term: THERMAL properties; Thesaurus Term: Air flow; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Subject Term: Buildings; Subject Term: Temperature measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air-flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: GenSPARK; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPARK; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zonal model; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyman, John L.
AU  - Liau, Yeong-Cherng
AU  - Brand, Holmann V.
T1  - Thermochemical functions for gas-phase, 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX), its condensed phases, and its larger reaction products
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 130
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 00102180
AB  - 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) is a major component of many explosives and propellants. Chemical kinetic simulations of the reactions of HMX require knowledge of its enthalpy, entropy, and heat capacity in the gas-phase and condensed phases. While some experimental measurements are available, most available thermochemical information has been obtained by analogy with the smaller species, RDX, and its reaction products. Using the Hartree-Fock method with the 6-31G&ast; basis set we have calculated structures, vibrational frequencies, and bond strengths for the isolated HMX molecule and its two major reaction products. This, with some available experimental data, allows us to calculate the relevant thermochemical parameters for these species. With this information and some published experimental measurements of sublimation pressure, phase change enthalpies, and heat capacities, we have also calculated some thermochemical data for three condensed phases of HMX: β-HMX, δ-HMX and liquid HMX. We present the thermochemical parameters in both the JANAF and CHEMKIN format. We also compare the current calculations with previous estimates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
KW  - HARTREE-Fock approximation
N1  - Accession Number: 7858997; Lyman, John L. 1; Email Address: lyman@lanl.gov Liau, Yeong-Cherng 1 Brand, Holmann V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 130 Issue 3, p185; Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: HARTREE-Fock approximation; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chin Jr., George
AU  - Myers, James
AU  - Hoyt, David
T1  - SOCIAL NETWORKS IN THE VIRTUAL SCIENCE LABORATORY.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 45
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 92
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article focuses on functions of the U.S.-based Virtual Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility (VNMRF) as of August 1, 2002. The facility is located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington. Virtual science laboratories like VNMRF represent a compelling vision. They are consistent with the notion laid out by former chairman of the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board of the National Research Council William A. Wulf of a collaboratory or virtual science laboratory as a center without walls, in which the nation's researchers can perform their research without regard to geographical locatio. Such laboratories strive to be open research environments in which scientists from various disciplines collaborate on advanced research using leading-edge instruments and tools while reducing the physical, organizational and political boundaries that might otherwise inhibit them from frilly using their collective skills, abilities, and brainpower to solve the world's most challenging scientific problems.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - RICHLAND (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - WULF, William A.
N1  - Accession Number: 11863436; Chin Jr., George 1; Email Address: george.chin@pnl.gov Myers, James 2; Email Address: jim.myers@pnl.gov Hoyt, David; Email Address: david.w.hoyt@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Senior Research Scientist Fundamental Sciences Division of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.  2: Senior research Scientist in the Fundamental Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 45 Issue 8, p87; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: RICHLAND (Wash.); Subject Term: WASHINGTON (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; People: WULF, William A.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCurdy, C. William
AU  - Simon, Horst D.
AU  - Kramer, William T.C.
AU  - Lucas, Robert F.
AU  - Johnston, William E.
AU  - Bailey, David H.
T1  - Future directions in scientific supercomputing for computational physics
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 147
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
SN  - 00104655
AB  - NERSC, the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, is a leading scientific computing facility for unclassified research, and has had a significant impact on computational physics in the U.S. Here we will summarize the recent experience at NERSC, and present the four key elements of our strategic plan for the next five years. Significant changes are expected to happen in computational science during this period. Supercomputer centers worldwide must continue to enhance their successful role as centers that bridge the gap between advanced development in computer science and mathematics on one hand, and scientific research in the physical, chemical, biological, and earth sciences on the other. Implementing such a strategy will position NERSC and other centers in the U.S. to continue to enhance the scientific productivity of the computational physics community, and to be an indispensable tool for scientific discovery. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - Computational and data grids
KW  - High performance computing
KW  - Scientific challenge teams
KW  - Supercomputer center
N1  - Accession Number: 7851565; McCurdy, C. William 1 Simon, Horst D.; Email Address: hdsimon@lbl.gov Kramer, William T.C. 1 Lucas, Robert F. 1 Johnston, William E. 1 Bailey, David H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 50B-4230, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 147 Issue 1/2, p34; Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational and data grids; Author-Supplied Keyword: High performance computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scientific challenge teams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercomputer center; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadau, K.
AU  - Entel, P.
AU  - Lomdahl, P.S.
T1  - Molecular-dynamics study of martensitic transformations in sintered Fe&z.sbnd;Ni nanoparticles
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 147
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Nanocrystalline metals with grain sizes in the nanometer range often have interesting properties which differ from usual polycrystalline samples or single crystals. Here we report on the first molecular-dynamics simulations of martensitic transformations—i.e. structural transformations from fcc to bcc—in sintered Fe&z.sbnd;Ni nanoparticles. The atomic interactions were described by an embedded-atom method (EAM) potential specially designed to model the Fe&z.sbnd;Ni system. Simulations were carried out by applying a constant pressure and temperature ensemble (NPT ensemble) to 32 nanoparticles each containing slightly more than 1000 atoms. The nano-particles initially were placed with random crystallographic orientation on an fcc lattice such that the particles attract each other. After relaxation for 0.58 ns at a temperature of 800 K and a pressure of 0 GPa a polycrystalline sample with a density just about two percent larger than that of a perfect single crystal was achieved. Subsequent cooling towards low temperatures allows the study of the temperature-induced martensitic transformation at pre-existing defects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - EAM
KW  - Fe&z.sbnd;Ni
KW  - Martensitic transformation
KW  - Molecular-dynamics simulations
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Polycrystalline sample
KW  - Sintering process
N1  - Accession Number: 7851582; Kadau, K. 1,2; Email Address: kai@thp.uni-duisburg.de Entel, P. 2 Lomdahl, P.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Theoretische Tieftemperaturphysik Gerhard-Mercator-Universität Duisburg Lotharstraße 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 147 Issue 1/2, p126; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SINTERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: EAM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe&z.sbnd;Ni; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensitic transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular-dynamics simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystalline sample; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sintering process; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hatano, Naomichi
AU  - Gubernatis, James E.
T1  - Double degeneracy in the ground state of the 3D <f>±J</f> spin glass
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 147
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 414
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We review our bivariate multicanonical Monte Carlo simulation of the <f>±J</f> spin glass in three dimensions as well as recent developments on the controversy between the droplet picture and the mean-field picture of the spin-glass phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPIN glasses
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - <f>±J</f> model
KW  - Droplet picture
KW  - Multicanonical Monte Carlo method
KW  - Spin glass
N1  - Accession Number: 7851647; Hatano, Naomichi 1; Email Address: hatano@phys.aoyama.ac.jp Gubernatis, James E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Aoyama Gakuin University, Chitosedai, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8572, Japan  2: Center for Nonlinear Science and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 147 Issue 1/2, p414; Subject Term: SPIN glasses; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>±J</f> model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Droplet picture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multicanonical Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin glass; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaneko, M.
AU  - Isaacs, H.S.
T1  - Effects of molybdenum on the pitting of ferritic- and austenitic-stainless steels in bromide and chloride solutions
JO  - Corrosion Science
JF  - Corrosion Science
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 44
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1825
SN  - 0010938X
AB  - The effect of Mo on the pitting potential, dissolution kinetics, and repassivation behavior of high purity ferritic stainless steels, Fe–18%Cr–x%Mo, and austenitic stainless steels, Fe–18%Cr–12–15%Ni–x%Mo, was studied in solutions of bromide and of chloride. Large increases in the pitting potential of Fe–18%Cr–x%Mo in chloride solution were found with increasing Mo content, compared with the distinctly smaller increases in bromide solution. There was an excellent correlation between the increase in pitting potentials of ferritic alloys between Fe–18%Cr–2% and 5%Mo in the chloride and bromide solutions with the increased dissolution overvoltages in the saturated solution of dissolved products within artificial pits. Austenitic stainless steels also showed larger increases in pitting potential in chloride solution than in bromide solution. Higher pitting potentials were recorded for the austenitic than the ferrite steels with the same Mo content. For austenitic steels, the pitting potentials in bromide and chloride solutions were not attributable solely to the difference in dissolution rates or repassivation characteristics in saturated solution of the dissolved products. It was concluded that initiation processes play an important role in the pitting of austenitic stainless steels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Corrosion Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Ferritic steel
KW  - Austenitic stainless steel
KW  - Bromides
KW  - Bromide
KW  - Pitting corrosion
KW  - Polarization
KW  - Potentiostatic
KW  - Stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 7772129; Kaneko, M. 1; Isaacs, H.S. 2; Email Address: isaacs@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Steel Research Laboratory, Nippon Steel Corporation, 20-1 Shintomi Futtsu, Chiba 293-8511, Japan; 2: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 44 Issue 8, p1825; Thesaurus Term: Chlorides; Subject Term: Ferritic steel; Subject Term: Austenitic stainless steel; Subject Term: Bromides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bromide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pitting corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potentiostatic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wysokinski, T.W.
AU  - Barclay, J.A.
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
AU  - Pecharsky, V.K.
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
T1  - Comparative evaluation of erbium and lead regenerator materials for low temperature cryocoolers
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
SN  - 00112275
AB  - A new erbium-based alloy has been tested as an environmentally benign replacement for lead in the second stage regenerator of low temperature (8–16 K) cryocoolers. This work focuses on obtaining improved performance of a Gifford–McMahon cooler by material modification in the second stage regenerator. Properties and experimental results for an improved second stage regenerator using erbium-based alloys are presented. A slight improvement in performance was observed using the erbium regenerator material over lead. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERBIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - Erbium
KW  - GM-cryocooler
KW  - Magnetic properties and materials
KW  - Regenerator
N1  - Accession Number: 7876235; Wysokinski, T.W. 1; Email Address: tomasz@sfu.ca Barclay, J.A. 1 Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 2 Pecharsky, V.K. 2 Pecharsky, A.O. 2; Affiliation:  1: Cryofuel Systems Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, PO Box 3055, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 42 Issue 8, p463; Subject Term: ERBIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erbium; Author-Supplied Keyword: GM-cryocooler; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties and materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regenerator; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abraham, D.P.
AU  - Twesten, R.D.
AU  - Balasubramanian, M.
AU  - Petrov, I.
AU  - McBreen, J.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Surface changes on <f>LiNi0.8Co0.2O2</f> particles during testing of high-power lithium-ion cells
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 4
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 620
SN  - 13882481
AB  - <f>LiNi0.8Co0.2O2</f> particles from high-power lithium-ion cells were examined to determine material changes that result from accelerated aging tests. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) data indicated a <f>LixNi1−xO</f>-type layer on the particle surfaces. The greater thickness on particles from high-power fade cells indicate that these surface layers are a significant contributor to cathode impedance rise observed during cell tests. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - <f>LiNi0.8Co0.2O2</f>
KW  - Bulk
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - Lithium-ion
KW  - Surface
N1  - Accession Number: 7857065; Abraham, D.P. 1; Email Address: abraham@cmt.anl.gov Twesten, R.D. 2 Balasubramanian, M. 3 Petrov, I. 2 McBreen, J. 3 Amine, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4837, USA  2: Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Materials and Chemical Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 4 Issue 8, p620; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>LiNi0.8Co0.2O2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Xiao-Qing
AU  - McBreen, James
AU  - Yoon, Won-Sub
AU  - Grey, Clare P.
T1  - Crystal structure changes of <f>LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2</f> cathode materials during charge and discharge studied by synchrotron based in situ XRD
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 4
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 649
SN  - 13882481
AB  - The structural changes of <f>LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2</f>, used as a cathode material in a lithium half-cell, have been studied during charge–discharge using synchrotron based in situ X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. A phase transition from a hexagonal structure (H1) to another hexagonal structure (H2) was observed during a C/17 charge to 4.7 V. The new H2 unit cell has a shorter “<f>a</f>” axis and a longer “<f>c</f>” axis, as was observed in the <f>LiNiO2</f> cathode material during charge. However, the second phase transition that occurs in <f>LixNiO2</f> at voltages higher than 4.3 V, to a third hexagonal structure, H3, with much shorter “<f>c</f>” axis, was not observed. During discharge, the <f>LixMn0.5Ni0.5O2</f> structure reversibly changed back from H2 to H1. After that, another hexagonal structure H0 with a slightly larger “<f>a</f>” parameter was formed following further discharging. Extended discharge at a voltage near 1 V resulted in an amorphous structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - In situ XRD
KW  - Layered cathodes
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Lithium manganese nickel oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 7857072; Yang, Xiao-Qing 1; Email Address: xyang@bnl.gov McBreen, James 1 Yoon, Won-Sub 1,2 Grey, Clare P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 4 Issue 8, p649; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ XRD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered cathodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium manganese nickel oxide; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Modera, M.P.
AU  - Brzozowski, O.
AU  - Carrié, F.R.
AU  - Dickerhoff, D.J.
AU  - Delp, W.W.
AU  - Fisk, W.J.
AU  - Levinson, R.
AU  - Wang, D.
T1  - Sealing ducts in large commercial buildings with aerosolized sealant particles
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
SN  - 03787788
AB  - Electricity energy savings potential by eliminating air leakage from ducts in large commercial buildings is on the order of 10 kWh/m2 per year (1 kWh/ft2). We have tested, in two large commercial buildings, a new technology that simultaneously seals duct leaks and measures effective leakage area of ducts. The technology is based upon injecting a fog of aerosolized sealant particles into a pressurized duct system. In brief, this process involves blocking all of the intentional openings in a duct system (e.g. diffusers). Therefore, when the system is pressurized, the only place for the air carrying the aerosol particles to exit the system is through the leaks. The key to the technology is to keep the particles suspended within the airstream until they reach the leaks, and then to have them leave the airstream and deposit on the leak sites. The principal finding from this field study was that the aerosol technology is capable of sealing the leaks in a large commercial building duct system within a reasonable time frame. In the first building, 66% of the leakage area was sealed within 2.5 h of injection, and in the second building 86% of the leakage area was sealed within 5 h. We also found that the aerosol could be blown through the VAV boxes in the second building without impacting their calibrations or performance. Some remaining questions are: (1) how to achieve sealing rates comparable to those experienced in smaller residential systems; and (2) what tightness level these ducts systems can be brought to by means of aerosol sealing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Air ducts
KW  - Commercial buildings
KW  - Ducts
KW  - Leakage
KW  - SMACNA
N1  - Accession Number: 7804132; Modera, M.P. 1; Email Address: mpmodera@lbl.gov; Brzozowski, O. 1; Carrié, F.R.; Dickerhoff, D.J. 1; Delp, W.W. 1; Fisk, W.J. 1; Levinson, R. 1; Wang, D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p705; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Subject Term: Air ducts; Subject Term: Commercial buildings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ducts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leakage; Author-Supplied Keyword: SMACNA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541310 Architectural Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aschheim, Mark A.
AU  - Black, Edgar F.
AU  - Cuesta, Isabel
T1  - Theory of principal components analysis and applications to multistory frame buildings responding to seismic excitation
JO  - Engineering Structures
JF  - Engineering Structures
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 24
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1091
SN  - 01410296
AB  - Described herein is a technique of multivariate statistical analysis applied to the post-processing of dynamic response data. The data may represent the linear or nonlinear response of structures, and may be obtained from computed simulations or from the measured response of instrumented structures. When applied to displacement response data, an ordered set of orthonormal mode shapes is obtained. The principal components analysis (PCA) mode shapes coincide with or are related to the elastic mode shapes for linear elastic systems, and depart from these shapes as nonlinear response becomes more prominent. The PCA modes provide an unambiguous and simple description of the ‘predominant’ mode of structures responding to earthquake ground motions, and thus improve the theoretical basis of nonlinear static procedures that use ‘equivalent’ single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems for representing the response of structures subjected to damaging earthquake ground motions (e.g. the capacity spectrum and displacement coefficient methods). Where greater fidelity is desired, the most efficient representations are obtained by including as few PCA modes as are needed for the degree of precision desired. This paper presents the theory of PCA and illustrates its application to a 12-story frame building responding linearly and nonlinearly to earthquake ground motions. ‘Equivalent’ SDOF models of the structure are developed based on the PCA mode shapes, and these are applied to estimate the computed displacement histories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Engineering Structures is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - PRINCIPAL components analysis
KW  - Dynamic response
KW  - Equivalent single-degree-of-freedom systems
KW  - Mode shapes
KW  - Nonlinear static procedures
KW  - Principal components analysis
KW  - Seismic design
N1  - Accession Number: 7829510; Aschheim, Mark A. 1; Email Address: aschheim@uiuc.edu Black, Edgar F. 2 Cuesta, Isabel 3; Affiliation:  1: Mid-America Earthquake Center, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 159 Fitzpatrick Hall of Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS C926, LANL ESA-WR, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 24 Issue 8, p1091; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: PRINCIPAL components analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equivalent single-degree-of-freedom systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mode shapes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear static procedures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal components analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seismic design; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Watson, David B.
AU  - Wu, Liyou
AU  - Phillips, Debra H.
AU  - White, David C.
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
T1  - Microbiological Characteristics in a Zero-Valent Iron Reactive Barrier.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 309
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - Zero-valent iron (Fe0)-based permeable reactive barrier treatment has been generating great interest for passive groundwater remediation, yet few studies have paid particular attention to the microbial activity and characteristics within and in the vicinity of the Fe0-barrier matrix. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the microbial population and community composition in the reducing zone of influence by Fe0 corrosion in the barrier at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant site. Both phospholipid fatty acids and DNA analyses were used to determine the total microbial population and microbial functional groups, including sulfate-reducing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and methanogens, in groundwater and soil/iron core samples. A diverse microbial community was identified in the strongly reducing Fe0 environment despite a relatively high pH condition within the Fe0 barrier (up to pH ∼ 10). In comparison with those found in the background soil/groundwater samples, the enhanced microbial population ranged from ∼ 1 to 3 orders of magnitude and appeared to increase from upgradient of the barrier to downgradient soil. In addition, microbial community composition appeared to change over time, and the bacterial types of microorganisms increased consistently as the barrier aged. DNA analysis indicated the presence of sulfate-reducing and denitrifying bacteria in the barrier and its surrounding soil. However, the activity of methanogens was found to be relatively low, presumably as a result of the competition by sulfate/metal-reducing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria because of the unlimited availability of sulfate and nitrate in the site groundwater. Results of this study provide evidence of a diverse microbial population within and in the vicinity of the iron barrier, although the important roles of microbial activity, either beneficially or detrimentally, on the longevity and enduring efficiency of the Fe0 barriers are yet to be evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POPULATION biology
KW  - Denitrifying bacteria
KW  - Groundwater remediation
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Phospholipids
KW  - Deoxyribose
KW  - diversity
KW  - DNA
KW  - iron barriers
KW  - microbial activity
KW  - microorganisms
N1  - Accession Number: 16656125; Gu, Baohua 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov; Watson, David B. 2; Wu, Liyou 2; Phillips, Debra H. 2; White, David C. 3; Zhou, Jizhong 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. (author for correspondence, e-mail: ); 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.; 3: Center for Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 77 Issue 3, p293; Thesaurus Term: POPULATION biology; Thesaurus Term: Denitrifying bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater remediation; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Subject Term: Microorganisms; Subject Term: Phospholipids; Subject Term: Deoxyribose; Author-Supplied Keyword: diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: iron barriers; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbial activity; Author-Supplied Keyword: microorganisms; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fair, Jeanne M.
AU  - Myers, Orrin B.
T1  - Early reproductive success of western bluebirds and ash-throated flycatchers: a landscape-contaminant perspective
JO  - Environmental Pollution
JF  - Environmental Pollution
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 118
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 330
SN  - 02697491
AB  - Eggshell quality, clutch size, sex ratio, and hatching success of western bluebirds (Sialia mexicana) and ash-throated flycatchers (Myiarchus cinerascens) were studied on a landscape-soil contaminant gradient at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in New Mexico from 1997 to 1999. A variety of contaminants (heavy metals, chemicals, insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorines, and radioactive isotopes) range across different spatial scales and concentrations on LANL land. This study is an example of a monitoring program over a large area with varying degree of contamination that is used to highlight locations of concern for future research. There were two locations where the flycatcher had a lower hatching success. The bluebirds at Sandia wetland, a location of concern for PCBs, had a thinner eggshell thickness index (RATCLIFFE) and the eggs were smaller than at other locations. The flycatcher had thinner eggshells than bluebirds, which could add to sensitivity to exposure to contaminants. There was no variation in clutch size or sex ratio between locations or areas closer to contaminant release sites for both species. Percent females in the clutch ranged from 0 to 100% in the WEBL and from 33 to 67% for ATFL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Pollution is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Western bluebird
KW  - Flycatchers
KW  - POPULATION biology
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Insects
KW  - SEX ratio
KW  - Ash-throated flycatcher
KW  - Eggshells
KW  - PCBs
KW  - Sex ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 7761600; Fair, Jeanne M. 1; Email Address: jmfair@lanl.gov; Myers, Orrin B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Dynamics and Spatial Analysis, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 118 Issue 3, p321; Thesaurus Term: Western bluebird; Thesaurus Term: Flycatchers; Thesaurus Term: POPULATION biology; Thesaurus Term: Polychlorinated biphenyls; Subject Term: Insects; Subject Term: SEX ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ash-throated flycatcher; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eggshells; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCBs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sex ratio; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 4 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paul Whitney
AU  - Guang Chen
T1  - Screening the Hanford tanks for trapped gas.
JO  - Environmetrics
JF  - Environmetrics
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 427
SN  - 11804009
AB  - The Hanford Site is home to 177 large, underground nuclear waste storage tanks. This article describes a screening study carried out in the mid 1990s that used the tank waste level measurements to assess the tanks for potential flammable gas hazards. At the time of the study, 25 of the 177 tanks were on the flammable gas watch list. The use of this monitoring data provided additional insight, resulting in operational changes on the Hanford site. The waste level measurements used in this study were made primarily to monitor the tanks for leaks and intrusions. Four measurement devices are widely used in these tanks. Three of these measure the level of the waste surface. The remaining device measures from within a well embedded in the waste, thereby monitoring the liquid level even if the liquid level is below a dry waste crust. The data from each of the four measurement devices were utilized in this investigation. The analytic method used for this screening was to look for an inverse correlation between waste level measurements and ambient atmospheric pressure. If the waste level in a tank decreases with an increase in ambient atmospheric pressure, then the compressibility may be attributed to gas trapped within the waste. In this article, this methodology is not used to estimate the volume of gas trapped in the waste. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmetrics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Radioactive waste sites -- Washington (State)
KW  - Structural shells
N1  - Accession Number: 18467704; Paul Whitney 1; Guang Chen 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99252, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 13 Issue 5/6, p411; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Subject Term: Radioactive waste sites -- Washington (State); Subject Term: Structural shells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Powers, Leigh G.
AU  - Mills, Heath J.
AU  - Palumbo, Anthony V.
AU  - Zhang, Chuanlun
AU  - Delaney, Kelly
AU  - Sobecky, Patricia A.
T1  - Introduction of a plasmid-encoded phoA gene for constitutive overproduction of alkaline phosphatase in three subsurface Pseudomonas isolates
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 01686496
AB  - Three bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas fluorescens F1, Pseudomonas rhodesiae R1 and Pseudomonas veronii V1 were genetically modified by introduction of a plasmid, pJH123, with a phoA hybrid gene that directed constitutive overproduction of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase. The presence of the plasmid in the bacterial hosts elevated extracytoplasmic alkaline phosphatase production from 100- to 820-fold. The growth and survival of the plasmid-bearing hosts in sterilized soil slurries was comparable to parental control strains. In the absence of antibiotic selection, pJH123 was maintained in two of the three hosts (P. fluorescens F1 and P. veronii V1) during incubation in minimal medium. The effects of the genetically enhanced pseudomonads on the liberation of inorganic phosphate (PO43−) were determined in sterilized soil slurries following the addition of an organophosphorus compound, glycerol-3-phosphate. A significant accumulation of PO43− was measured in soil slurries amended with 10 mM glycerol-3-phosphate and any of the three phosphatase-enhanced pseudomonad isolates. In contrast, soil slurries containing unmodified parental strains did not exhibit significant PO43− accumulation. Two of the three enhanced phosphate-liberating strains released sufficient PO43− that cell-free supernatants from sterilized soil slurry incubations removed significant amounts of uranium (as much as 69%) from solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Ecology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - MICROBIAL genetics
KW  - ALKALINE phosphatase
KW  - Bacterium
KW  - Metal
KW  - Phosphate
KW  - Uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 7859155; Powers, Leigh G. 1 Mills, Heath J. 1 Palumbo, Anthony V. 2 Zhang, Chuanlun 3 Delaney, Kelly 1 Sobecky, Patricia A. 1; Email Address: patricia.sobecky@biology.gatech.edu; Affiliation:  1: School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 310 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0230, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA  3: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p115; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL genetics; Subject Term: ALKALINE phosphatase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - You, Yang
AU  - Chen, Jiun-Shyan
AU  - Voth, Thomas E.
T1  - Characteristics of semi- and full discretization of stabilized Galerkin meshfree method
JO  - Finite Elements in Analysis & Design
JF  - Finite Elements in Analysis & Design
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 999
SN  - 0168874X
AB  - Stabilized conforming nodal integration (SCNI) has been developed to enhance computational efficiency of Galerkin meshfree methods. This paper employs von Neumann analyses to study the spatial semi-discretization of Galerkin meshfree methods using SCNI. Two model problems were presented with respect to the normalized phase speed and group speed for the wave equation, and normalized diffusivity for the heat equation. Both consistent and lumped mass (capacity) discretizations are considered in the study. The transient properties in the full discretization of the two model problems were also analyzed. The results show superior dispersion behavior in meshfree methods integrated by SCNI compared to the Gauss integration when consistent mass (capacity) matrix is employed in the discretization. For the lumped mass case, SCNI performance is comparable to that of the Gauss integration, but exhibits considerable reduction of computational time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Finite Elements in Analysis & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - VON Neumann algebras
KW  - Discretization error
KW  - Meshfree methods
KW  - Reproducing kernel particle method
KW  - Stabilized conforming nodal integration
N1  - Accession Number: 7807559; You, Yang 1 Chen, Jiun-Shyan 1; Email Address: jschen@seas.ucla.edu Voth, Thomas E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 5731G Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1593, USA  2: Thermal Science Department, Sandia National Laboratories, M/S 0819, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM, 87185-0819, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p999; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Subject Term: VON Neumann algebras; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discretization error; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meshfree methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reproducing kernel particle method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stabilized conforming nodal integration; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phuoc, Tran X.
AU  - White, Fredrick P.
T1  - Laser-induced spark for measurements of the fuel-to-air ratio of a combustible mixture
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 81
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1761
SN  - 00162361
AB  - This work investigates the use of the laser-induced gas breakdown for fuel-to-air ratio measurements. In essence, we examine the late time behavior of the line radiation at the wavelength of the Hα-lines and the O I triplet emitted from the laser-induced spark in CH4–air mixtures. Sparks were produced using a single-mode, Q-switched Nd-YAG laser. The laser produced a beam of 6 mm in diameter at the wavelength of 1064 nm and a pulse duration of 5.5 ns. For the equivalence ratio from 0.1 to 5.0, the radiation intensity ratio of the Hα-lines to the O I triplet increased linearly with the equivalence ratio. For the laser energy from 10 to 50 mJ it was independent of the laser energy when the laser energy was higher than 20 mJ. The technique, therefore, has a potential for measuring the fuel-to-air ratio of a combustible flow environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COAL gas
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - METHANE
KW  - AIR
KW  - CH4–air mixtures
KW  - Fuel-to-air ratio
KW  - Laser-induced spark
N1  - Accession Number: 7825468; Phuoc, Tran X.; Email Address: tran@netl.doe.gov White, Fredrick P. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, MS: 84-340, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 81 Issue 13, p1761; Subject Term: COAL gas; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: AIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: CH4–air mixtures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel-to-air ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced spark; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strawn, Daniel
AU  - Doner, Harvey
AU  - Zavarin, Mavrik
AU  - McHugo, Scott
T1  - Microscale investigation into the geochemistry of arsenic, selenium, and iron in soil developed in pyritic shale materials
JO  - Geoderma
JF  - Geoderma
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 108
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
SN  - 00167061
AB  - In this study, we report on the distribution and mineralogy of micron-sized mineral aggregates formed in the top horizon of an acid sulfate soil. The distribution and oxidation state of arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) were also determined. The soil used in this study was formed from pyritic shale parent materials on the east side of the California Coast Range. Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microprobe (μ-XRF) was used to generate elemental distribution maps of soil thin sections. Using the elemental distribution maps and optical micrographs, distinct mineral aggregates of iron oxide and iron sulfate were identified throughout the top horizon of the soil. These aggregates range in size from 10 to 100 μm in diameter and can be found only a few micrometers apart. The As and Se concentrations in the iron oxide aggregates were 5–10 times the concentrations in the iron sulfate aggregates and the weathered shale matrix. This suggests that the As and Se become preferentially associated with iron oxides during the weathering process. Using a focused micron-sized beam, Fe, As, and Se X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data were collected from the sub-millimeter soil aggregates. The micro-extended X-ray absorption fine structure (μ-EXAFS) spectrum collected from the iron oxide aggregate revealed that its mineralogy was a combination of ferrihydrite (>50%) and goethite. The μ-EXAFS spectra from the iron sulfate region suggest that these aggregates contain jarosite. Using micro-X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (μ-XANES), oxidation states of the As and Se were determined. Arsenic was present in the iron oxide aggregate as As(V). Selenium was present in the soil as both Se(IV) and Se(VI), with a higher percentage of Se(VI) in the jarosite aggregate than the iron oxide aggregate. These results provide direct evidence of the distribution, oxidation states, and speciation of As and Se in the solid phase of an unaltered native soil. Information on the weathering and geochemistry of the pyritic materials, and the associated arsenic and selenium is useful for predicting the pedogenic processes of acid sulfate soils and the long-term fate of newly exposed pyritic materials (e.g., mine tailings and drained wetlands). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geoderma is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soils
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Selenium
KW  - Acid sulfate soils
KW  - Iron minerals
KW  - Micro-XAFS
N1  - Accession Number: 7834482; Strawn, Daniel 1; Email Address: dgstrawn@uidaho.edu; Doner, Harvey 2; Zavarin, Mavrik 3; McHugo, Scott 4; Affiliations: 1: University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA; 2: University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 108 Issue 3/4, p237; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Arsenic; Thesaurus Term: Selenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid sulfate soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-XAFS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - Numerical simulation of `multiphase tracer transport in fractured geothermal reservoirs
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Tracer transport in two-phase (liquid–gas) conditions is a complex process that involves advection, diffusion, and hydrodynamic dispersion. Volatile tracers may be strongly affected by partitioning between gas and liquid phases, and by exchanges between fractures and rock matrix. This paper presents a space-discretized treatment of tracer diffusion under multiphase conditions that is fully coupled with equilibrium phase partitioning. Our method is self-consistent and is applicable to any combination of gas and liquid phases in single and two-phase conditions, including the extreme case of diffusion across a sharp gas–water interface. It is shown that an uncoupled approach, in which diffusive fluxes in gas and liquid phases are evaluated separately and added, can lead to large errors. The coupled treatment of multiphase tracer diffusion has been implemented in the general-purpose geothermal reservoir simulator TOUGH2. Applications to strongly and weakly depleted zones at The Geysers vapor-dominated reservoir produce breakthrough curves (BTCs) whose features (timing, peak, tail) agree well with field observations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOMORPHOLOGICAL tracers
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - GEYSERS
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Finite differences
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Numerical simulation
KW  - The Geysers
KW  - Tracer testing
KW  - USA
KW  - Vapor-dominated geothermal reservoirs
KW  - Volatile organic chemicals
N1  - Accession Number: 7883695; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: k_pruess@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p475; Subject Term: GEOMORPHOLOGICAL tracers; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: GEYSERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite differences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiphase flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: The Geysers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracer testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: USA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor-dominated geothermal reservoirs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile organic chemicals; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scurlock, J. M. O.
AU  - Johnson, K.
AU  - Olson, R. J.
T1  - Estimating net primary productivity from grassland biomass dynamics measurements.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 736
EP  - 753
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract To address the need for a high quality data set based upon field observations suitable for parameterization, calibration, and validation of terrestrial biosphere models, we have developed a comprehensive global database on net primary productivity (NPP). We have compiled field measurements of biomass and associated environmental data for multiple study sites in major grassland types worldwide. Where sufficient data were available, we compared aboveground and total NPP estimated by six computational methods (algorithms) for 31 grassland sites. As has been found previously, NPP estimates were 2–5 times higher using methods which accounted for the dynamics of dead matter, compared with what is still the most commonly applied estimate of NPP (maximum peak live biomass). It is suggested that assumptions such as the use of peak biomass as an indicator of NPP in grasslands may apply only within certain subbiomes, e.g. temperate steppe grasslands. Additional data on belowground dynamics, or other reliable estimates of belowground productivity, are required if grasslands are to be fully appreciated for their role in the global carbon cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - GRASSLANDS
KW  - PRIMARY productivity (Biology)
KW  - aboveground
KW  - belowground
KW  - carbon cycle
KW  - data
KW  - grasslands
KW  - net primary productivity
N1  - Accession Number: 6960155; Scurlock, J. M. O. 1 Johnson, K. 1 Olson, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6407, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 8 Issue 8, p736; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: GRASSLANDS; Subject Term: PRIMARY productivity (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: aboveground; Author-Supplied Keyword: belowground; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: data; Author-Supplied Keyword: grasslands; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary productivity; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00512.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laskin, Julia
AU  - Denisov, Eduard
AU  - Futrell, Jean H.
T1  - Fragmentation energetics of small peptides from multiple-collision activation and surface-induced dissociation in FT-ICR MS
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 219
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Multiple-collision activation (MCA-CID) using the sustained off-resonance irradiation (SORI) method and surface-induced dissociation (SID) of protonated tri- and tetraalanine (AAA)H+ and (AAAA)H+ were investigated using a 7 T Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer (FT-ICR MS). Energy-resolved fragmentation efficiency curves (FECs) obtained using both activation techniques were modeled using RRKM/QET formalism. Comparison of rates of formation of fragment ions originating from C- and N-terminal dissociation of protonated tetraalanine as a function of collision energy demonstrates that threshold energies for these dissociation channels are identical and that entropic factors are very similar. For tetraalanine modeling of both SID and MCA-CID experimental results provides reliable values for dissociation thresholds for the principal dissociation channels. However, this is not the case for protonated trialanine, where C-terminal fragmentation is preferred entropically but has higher dissociation energy and a slower rate over the range of collision energies investigated. Dissociation thresholds for the formation of y ions extracted from MCA-CID data for trialanine were substantially higher than thresholds obtained from SID data. Because our modeling approach assumes instantaneous ion activation, this difference is attributed to the slow nature of MCA-CID that becomes apparent for competing reactions with a substantial difference between dissociation thresholds. In this case, fragmentation via a higher-energy channel competes with stepwise ion activation. Consequently, MCA-CID results in effective discrimination against higher activation energy fragmentation pathways. For the series di-, tri-, and tetraalanine the lowest energy dissociation channels have thermochemical thresholds of 2.11, 1.46 and 1.20 eV, respectively based on our SID results. This demonstrates that thermochemical stability decreases with increasing size of the peptide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - Fragmentation energetics
KW  - Multiple-collision activation
KW  - Protonated peptides
KW  - SORI-CID
KW  - Surface-induced dissociation
N1  - Accession Number: 7859885; Laskin, Julia; Email Address: julia.laskin@pnl.gov Denisov, Eduard 1 Futrell, Jean H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 (K8-96), Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 219 Issue 1, p189; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fragmentation energetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple-collision activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protonated peptides; Author-Supplied Keyword: SORI-CID; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface-induced dissociation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Maser, J.
AU  - Paunesku, T.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
T1  - Report on the Workshop of Biological Applications of X-ray Microbeams.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 78
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 749
EP  - 752
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Highlights the workshop concerning the biological applications of x-ray microbeams.  Features of x-ray microbeams; Environmental and nanobiotechnological uses of x-ray microscopy; Benefits provided by x-ray microprobes.
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
N1  - Accession Number: 7084010; Lai, B. 1 Maser, J. 1 Paunesku, T. Woloschak, G. E.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source and Biosciences Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 78 Issue 8, p749; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000210121759
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Hepatitis B virus viral dynamics: effects of drug dose and baseline alanine aminotransferase
JO  - Journal of Hepatology
JF  - Journal of Hepatology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 277
SN  - 01688278
N1  - Accession Number: 7842859; Ribeiro, Ruy M. 1 Perelson, Alan S.; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, MS-K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p277; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Le, Quyen T.H.
AU  - Ehler, Deborah S.
AU  - McCleskey, T. Mark
AU  - Dye, Robert C.
AU  - Pesiri, David R.
AU  - Jarvinen, Gordon D.
AU  - Sauer, Nancy N.
T1  - Ultra-thin gates for the transport of phenol from supported liquid membranes to permanent surface modified membranes
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 205
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
SN  - 03767388
AB  - We report on the development of membranes with an ultra-thin hydrophobic layer that can be used to support a liquid membrane or serve as a selective gate without further modification when the pore size is small enough. We use a thin layer of gold deposited on commercially available alumina supports to generate a layer on the surface that can be readily modified with thiols to control the hydrophobicity. Transport of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) was attained with thiol-modified gold-coated alumina membranes sealed with dodecane. The flux rates through these membranes are five times faster than control experiments through unmodified membranes and show complete selectivity. This provides strong evidence that the flux rates are high enough to be limited by simple diffusion through the alumina support. We have also demonstrated that it is possible to make ultra-thin gates with the alkyl chain itself serving as the hydrophobic barrier. With a 17 carbon chain thiol attached to the membrane in the absence of dodecane, quantitative transport is observed with the same high flux rates observed for the dodecane-treated membranes. Fixing the hydrophobic barrier to the surface should allow for more stable membranes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEMBRANES (Technology)
KW  - HYDROPHOBIC surfaces
KW  - LIQUID membranes
KW  - Composite membranes
KW  - Facilitated transport
KW  - Inorganic membranes
KW  - Liquid membranes
KW  - Microporous and porous membranes
N1  - Accession Number: 7834410; Le, Quyen T.H. 1 Ehler, Deborah S. 1 McCleskey, T. Mark; Email Address: tmark@lanl.gov Dye, Robert C. 1 Pesiri, David R. 1 Jarvinen, Gordon D. 1 Sauer, Nancy N.; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 205 Issue 1/2, p213; Subject Term: MEMBRANES (Technology); Subject Term: HYDROPHOBIC surfaces; Subject Term: LIQUID membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Facilitated transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inorganic membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microporous and porous membranes; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karabulut, M.
AU  - Marasinghe, G.K.
AU  - Ray, C.S.
AU  - Day, D.E.
AU  - Waddill, G.D.
AU  - Booth, C.H.
AU  - Allen, P.G.
AU  - Bucher, J.J.
AU  - Caulder, D.L.
AU  - Shuh, D.K.
T1  - An investigation of the local iron environment in iron phosphate glasses having different Fe(II) concentrations
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 306
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The local environment around iron ions in iron phosphate glasses of starting batch composition 40Fe<f>2</f>O<f>3</f>–60P<f>2</f>O<f>5</f> (mol%) melted at varying temperatures or under different melting atmospheres has been investigated using Fe-57 Mo¨ssbauer and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopies. Mo¨ssbauer spectra indicate that all of the glasses contain both Fe(II) and Fe(III) ions. The quadrupole splitting distribution fits of Mo¨ssbauer spectra show that Fe(II) ions occupy a single site whereas Fe(III) ions occupy two distinct sites in these glasses. When melted at higher temperatures or in reducing atmospheres, the Fe(II) fraction in the glass increases at the expense of Fe(III) ions at only one of the two sites they occupy. The pre-edge feature in the XAFS data suggests that the overall disorder in the near-neighbor environment of iron ions decreases with increasing Fe(II) fraction. The XAFS results also show that the average iron–oxygen coordination is in the 4–5 range indicating that iron ions have mixed tetrahedral–octahedral coordination. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON compounds
KW  - PHOSPHATES
N1  - Accession Number: 7822615; Karabulut, M. 1 Marasinghe, G.K. 2; Email Address: k.marasinghe@und.edu Ray, C.S. 3 Day, D.E. 3 Waddill, G.D. 3 Booth, C.H. 4 Allen, P.G. 5 Bucher, J.J. 4 Caulder, D.L. 4 Shuh, D.K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey  2: Department of Physics, University of North Dakota, Box 7129, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA  3: Graduate Center For Materials Research and the Department of Physics, University of Missouri–Rolla, Rolla, MO 65401, USA  4: Chemical Sciences Division, The Glenn. T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 306 Issue 2, p182; Subject Term: IRON compounds; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klueh, R.L.
AU  - Alexander, D.J.
AU  - Sokolov, M.A.
T1  - Effect of chromium, tungsten, tantalum, and boron on mechanical properties of 5–9Cr–WVTaB steels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 304
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The Cr–W–V–Ta reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steels use tungsten and tantalum as substitutes for molybdenum and niobium in the Cr–Mo–V–Nb steels that the reduced-activation steels replaced as candidate materials for fusion applications. Studies were made to determine the effect of W, Ta, and Cr composition on the tensile and Charpy properties of the Cr–W–V–Ta; steels with 5%, 7%, and 9% Cr with 2% or 3% W and 0%, 0.05%, or 0.10% Ta were examined. Boron has a long history of use in steels to improve properties, and the effect of boron was also examined.Regardless of the chromium concentration, the steels with 2% W and 0.05–0.1% Ta generally had a better combination of tensile and Charpy properties than steels with 3% W. Boron had a negative effect on properties for the 5% and 7% Cr steels, but had a positive effect on the 9% Cr steel. When the 5, 7, and 9Cr steels containing 2% W and 0.05% Ta were compared, the tensile and Charpy properties of the 5 and 9Cr steels were better than those of the 7Cr steel, and overall, the properties of the 5Cr steel were better than those of the 9Cr steel. Such information will be useful if the properties of the reduced-activation steels are to be optimized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEEL
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - CHROMIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 7855556; Klueh, R.L. 1; Email Address: ku2@ornl.gov Alexander, D.J. 2 Sokolov, M.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramic Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6376, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 304 Issue 2/3, p139; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: TANTALUM; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaminski, M.D.
AU  - Goldberg, M.M.
T1  - Aqueous corrosion of aluminum-based nuclear fuel
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 304
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Some aluminum-based nuclear fuels may eventually be disposed in a federally approved repository. As part of the qualification process, experiments are being conducted on uranium-aluminide (UAl<f>x</f>) fuels to describe corrosion under conditions that could arise during permanent storage. Under the action of intermittent drips of well water at 90 °C, a thin silica-substituted hydrous aluminum oxide gel layer forms over the fuel surface. The exposed fuel oxidizes to produce hydrated aluminum and uranyl oxyhydroxide compounds. In accordance with theory and previous observations with UO<f>2</f> fuels, the sequence of alteration products progressed from uranium oxides to uranyl oxyhydroxides such as dehydrated schoepite and becquerelite phases although at a rate that was much faster than for UO<f>2</f> fuels. The release or leaching of uranium from the fuel was 0.97 mg U/m<f>2</f>/d at a pH of <f>8.4±0.8</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
N1  - Accession Number: 7855560; Kaminski, M.D.; Email Address: kaminski@cmt.anl.gov Goldberg, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 304 Issue 2/3, p182; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer, M.K.
AU  - Hofman, G.L.
AU  - Hayes, S.L.
AU  - Clark, C.R.
AU  - Wiencek, T.C.
AU  - Snelgrove, J.L.
AU  - Strain, R.V.
AU  - Kim, K.-H.
T1  - Low-temperature irradiation behavior of uranium–molybdenum alloy dispersion fuel
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 304
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Irradiation tests have been conducted to evaluate the performance of a series of high-density uranium–molybdenum (U–Mo) alloy, aluminum matrix dispersion fuels. Fuel plates incorporating alloys with molybdenum content in the range of 4–10 wt% were tested. Two irradiation test vehicles were used to irradiate low-enrichment fuels to approximately 40 and 70 at.% 235U burnup in the advanced test reactor at fuel temperatures of approximately 65 °C. The fuel particles used to fabricate dispersion specimens for most of the test were produced by generating filings from a cast rod. In general, fuels with molybdenum contents of 6 wt% or more showed stable in-reactor fission gas behavior, exhibiting a distribution of small, stable gas bubbles. Fuel particle swelling was moderate and decreased with increasing alloy content. Fuel particles with a molybdenum content of 4 wt% performed poorly, exhibiting extensive fuel–matrix interaction and the growth of relatively large fission gas bubbles. Fuel particles with 4 or 6 wt% molybdenum reacted more rapidly with the aluminum matrix than those with higher-alloy content. Fuel particles produced by an atomization process were also included in the test to determine the effect of fuel particle morphology and microstructure on fuel performance for the U–10Mo composition. Both of the U–10Mo fuel particle types exhibited good irradiation performance, but showed visible differences in fission gas bubble nucleation and growth behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM alloys
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
N1  - Accession Number: 7855564; Meyer, M.K. 1; Email Address: mitchell.meyer@anl.gov Hofman, G.L. 2 Hayes, S.L. 1 Clark, C.R. 1 Wiencek, T.C. 2 Snelgrove, J.L. 2 Strain, R.V. 2 Kim, K.-H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 1700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 150 Dukjin-Dong, Yusong-ku, Taejon 305-600, South Korea; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 304 Issue 2/3, p221; Subject Term: URANIUM alloys; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
AU  - Yu, Ning
AU  - Nastasi, Michael
T1  - Amorphization of MgAl2O4 spinel using 1.5 MeV Xe<f>+</f> ions under cryogenic irradiation conditions
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 304
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Single crystal thin foils of stoichiometric magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) were irradiated with 1.5 MeV Xe<f>+</f> ions at 30 K. Structural evolution during irradiation was monitored in situ by transmission electron microscopy and using selected area electron diffraction. A transition to a metastable crystalline phase was observed at an ion dose equivalent to 4 displacements per atom (dpa) at a depth in the thin foil specimen of 50 nm. The spinel was ultimately rendered amorphous at an ion dose equivalent to 35 dpa at 50 nm foil depth. These results are compared to previous observations of amorphization in single crystal spinel by Yu et al. [Phil. Mag. Lett. 70 (1994) 235]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 7855565; Sickafus, Kurt E.; Email Address: kurt@lanl.gov Yu, Ning Nastasi, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 304 Issue 2/3, p237; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: ION bombardment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Sarah
AU  - Bierman, Paul
AU  - Lini, Andrea
AU  - Davis, P. Thompson
AU  - Southon, John
T1  - Reconstructing lake and drainage basin history using terrestrial sediment layers: analysis of cores from a post-glacial lake in New England, USA.
JO  - Journal of Paleolimnology
JF  - Journal of Paleolimnology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 236
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09212728
AB  - Four sediment cores and twenty-five 14C ages from Ritterbush Pond in northern Vermont provide a detailed and continuous temporal record of Holocene lake and watershed dynamics. Using visual logs, carbon content, magnetic susceptibility, stable isotope signatures, and X-radiography, all measured at 1-cm scale, we identify and date discrete layers of terrestrially-derived sediment in the organic-rich, lacustrine gyttja. These inorganic layers range in thickness from <1 mm to >10 cm and range in grain size and sorting from homogeneous silt to graded sand. AMS radiocarbon ages both from macrofossils within the thickest layers, and gyttja bracketing these layers, provide the basis for correlation among the cores, the dating of 52 basin-wide sedimentation events, and the development of a detailed sedimentation chronology for the Holocene. Physical, chemical, and isotopic analyses suggest the inorganic layers are terrestrially derived and result from hydrologic events large enough to erode and transport sediment from the watershed into the pond. The temporal and spatial distribution of the inorganic layers suggests changing basin-wide sedimentation and thus erosion dynamics since deglaciation over 12,000 years ago. Specifically, for intervals lasting 400 to 1000 years, during the early (>8600 cal yBP), middle (6400 to 6800 cal yBP) and late Holocene (1800 to 2600 cal yBP), the Ritterbush Pond watershed eroded more rapidly than at other times and terrestrially derived material poured into the pond. Analysis of Ritterbush Pond sediments demonstrates the potential for North American lakes to preserve a record of drainage basin dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Paleolimnology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lake sediments
KW  - Lake hydrology
KW  - Sediments (Geology) -- Analysis
KW  - Watersheds -- Vermont
KW  - Vermont
KW  - Event sedimentation
KW  - Holocene
KW  - Radiocarbon-based chronology
KW  - Storms
KW  - Watershed erosion
N1  - Accession Number: 51577550; Brown, Sarah 1,2; Email Address: sarah.lewis@orst.edu; Bierman, Paul 1; Lini, Andrea 1; Davis, P. Thompson 3; Southon, John 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geology, University of Vermont, Burlington , Vermont 05405, USA; 2: Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA; 3: Natural Sciences, Bentley College, Waltham, Massachusetts 02452, USA; 4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p219; Thesaurus Term: Lake sediments; Thesaurus Term: Lake hydrology; Subject Term: Sediments (Geology) -- Analysis; Subject Term: Watersheds -- Vermont; Subject: Vermont; Author-Supplied Keyword: Event sedimentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiocarbon-based chronology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Watershed erosion; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 7 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1021623020656
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bustard, C. Jean
AU  - Durham, Michael
AU  - Lindsey, Charles
AU  - Starns, Travis
AU  - Baldrey, Ken
AU  - Martin, Cameron
AU  - Schlagar, Richard
AU  - Sjostrom, Sharon
AU  - Slye, Rick
AU  - Renninger, Scott
AU  - Monroe, Larry
AU  - Miller, Richard
AU  - Chang, Ramsay
T1  - Full-Scale Evaluation of Mercury Control with Sorbent Injection and COHPAC at Alabama Power E.C. Gaston.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Discusses the full-scale evaluation of mercury control with sorbent injection and compact hybrid particulate collector (COHPAC) at Alabama Power E.C. Gaston. Cost assessment of COHPAC in controlling Hg; Measurement of removal efficiency of Hg; Implications of the above study.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Mercury wastes
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Chemicals
N1  - Accession Number: 12493664; Bustard, C. Jean; Durham, Michael; Lindsey, Charles; Starns, Travis; Baldrey, Ken; Martin, Cameron; Schlagar, Richard; Sjostrom, Sharon 1; Slye, Rick 1; Renninger, Scott 2; Monroe, Larry 3; Miller, Richard 4; Chang, Ramsay; Affiliations: 1: Apogee Scientific, Englewood, Colorado.; 2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia.; 3: Southern Company, Birmingham, Alabama.; 4: Hamon Research Cottrell, Inc., Walnutport, Pennsylvania.; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 52 Issue 8, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Cost effectiveness; Thesaurus Term: Mercury wastes; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Chemicals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana
AU  - Harkewicz, Richard
AU  - Anderson, Gordon A.
AU  - Tolić, Nikola
AU  - Shen, Yufeng
AU  - Zhao, Rui
AU  - Thrall, Brian
AU  - Masselon, Christophe
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Increased proteome coverage for quantitative peptide abundance measurements based upon high performance separations and DREAMS FTICR mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 954
SN  - 10440305
AB  - A primary challenge in proteome measurements is to be able to detect, identify, and quantify the extremely complex mixtures of proteins. The relative abundances of interest span at least six orders of magnitude for mammalian proteomes, and this constitutes an intractable challenge for high throughput proteome studies. We have recently described a new approach, Dynamic Range Enhancement Applied to Mass Spectrometry (DREAMS), which is based upon the selective ejection of the most abundant species to expand the dynamic range of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonanace (FTICR) measurements. The basis of our approach is on-the-fly data-dependent selective ejection of highly abundant species, followed by prolonged accumulation of remaining low-abundance species in a quadrupole external to the FTICR ion trap. Here we report the initial implementation of this approach with high efficiency capillary reverse phase LC separations and high magnetic field electrospray ionization FTICR mass spectrometry for obtaining enhanced coverage in quantitative measurements for mammalian proteomes. We describe the analysis of a sample derived from a tryptic digest of proteins from mouse B16 cells cultured in both natural isotopic abundance and 15N-labeled media. The FTICR mass spectrometric analysis allows the assignment of peptide pairs (corresponding to the two distinctive versions of each peptide), and thus provides the basis for quantiative measurements when one of the two proteomes in the mixture is perturbed or altered in some fashion. We show that implementation of the DREAMS approach allows assignment of approximately 80% more peptide pairs, thus providing quantitative information for approximately 18,000 peptide pairs in a single analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7858987; Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana 1 Harkewicz, Richard 1 Anderson, Gordon A. 1 Tolić, Nikola 1 Shen, Yufeng 1 Zhao, Rui 1 Thrall, Brian 1 Masselon, Christophe 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: rd_smith@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 13 Issue 8, p954; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goff, Fraser
AU  - Janik, Cathy J.
T1  - Gas geochemistry of the Valles caldera region, New Mexico and comparisons with gases at Yellowstone, Long Valley and other geothermal systems
JO  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
JF  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 116
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 03770273
AB  - Noncondensible gases from hot springs, fumaroles, and deep wells within the Valles caldera geothermal system (210–300°C) consist of roughly 98.5 mol% CO2, 0.5 mol% H2S, and 1 mol% other components. 3He/4He ratios indicate a deep magmatic source (R/Ra up to 6) whereas δ13C–CO2 values (−3 to −5‰) do not discriminate between a mantle/magmatic source and a source from subjacent, hydrothermally altered Paleozoic carbonate rocks. Regional gases from sites within a 50-km radius beyond Valles caldera are relatively enriched in CO2 and He, but depleted in H2S compared to Valles gases. Regional gases have R/Ra values ≤1.2 due to more interaction with the crust and/or less contribution from the mantle. Carbon sources for regional CO2 are varied. During 1982–1998, repeat analyses of gases from intracaldera sites at Sulphur Springs showed relatively constant CH4, H2, and H2S contents. The only exception was gas from Footbath Spring (1987–1993), which experienced increases in these three components during drilling and testing of scientific wells VC-2a and VC-2b. Present-day Valles gases contain substantially less N2 than fluid inclusion gases trapped in deep, early-stage, post-caldera vein minerals. This suggests that the long-lived Valles hydrothermal system (ca. 1 Myr) has depleted subsurface Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of nitrogen. When compared with gases from many other geothermal systems, Valles caldera gases are relatively enriched in He but depleted in CH4, N2 and Ar. In this respect, Valles gases resemble end-member hydrothermal and magmatic gases discharged at hot spots (Galapagos, Kilauea, and Yellowstone). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - Baca geothermal system
KW  - gas geochemistry
KW  - geothermal energy
KW  - geothermal wells
KW  - Valles caldera
KW  - volcanism
N1  - Accession Number: 7844704; Goff, Fraser 1; Email Address: fraser@lanl.gov Janik, Cathy J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-6, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: US Geological Survey, Volcano Hazards Team, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 116 Issue 3/4, p299; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baca geothermal system; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: geothermal energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: geothermal wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Valles caldera; Author-Supplied Keyword: volcanism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esser, Bradley K.
AU  - Volpe, Alan M.
T1  - At-sea high-resolution chemical mapping: extreme barium depletion in North Pacific surface water
JO  - Marine Chemistry
JF  - Marine Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 79
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
SN  - 03044203
AB  - We have modified an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS) for use at sea, which permits mapping of dissolved Ba at high temporal and spatial resolution. While evaluating this system off the Pacific coast of Baja California, we discovered Ba depletion greater than 60% in surface waters over tens of kilometers. Observed Ba abundance is among the lowest reported in any ocean water. No corresponding depletion was seen in Sr, which strongly suggests that acantharians are not the primary source of biogenic Ba in these surface waters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Barium
KW  - Nutrient cycles
KW  - Marine productivity
KW  - Chemical oceanography
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Baja California (Mexico : Peninsula)
KW  - Analytical techniques
KW  - Biological production
KW  - Mexico/Baja California/Pacific Ocean
KW  - Plankton
KW  - Strontium
N1  - Accession Number: 7858502; Esser, Bradley K.; Email Address: bkesser@llnl.gov; Volpe, Alan M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-231, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550-0808, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 79 Issue 2, p67; Thesaurus Term: Barium; Thesaurus Term: Nutrient cycles; Thesaurus Term: Marine productivity; Thesaurus Term: Chemical oceanography; Subject: Mexico; Subject: Baja California (Mexico : Peninsula); Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico/Baja California/Pacific Ocean; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plankton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strontium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vogel, S.
AU  - Ustundag, E.
AU  - Hanan, J.C.
AU  - Yuan, V.W.
AU  - Bourke, M.A.M.
T1  - In-situ investigation of the reduction of NiO by a neutron transmission method
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 333
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A novel neutron Bragg-edge transmission method was used to study the kinetics of a model solid-state reaction: NiO→Ni+1/2O2 at 1100 and 1400 °C. This method records variations in the wavelength dependence of the neutron beam transmission due to changes in Bragg diffraction in a test specimen. Since the beam transmission depends on diffraction scattering over 4π radians, the technique is more effective in detecting change in diffraction than a measurement of scattering into a detector subtending a limited solid angle. Therefore, the Bragg-edge transmission method permits kinetic study of chemical reactions and phase transformations with a better time resolution than can be achieved with powder diffraction. The advantages of this method compared with other techniques that yield kinetics information from solid-state reactions or phase transformations (e.g. thermogravimetry, dilatometry and metallography) include sensitivity to phase and crystallographic structure. In this study, we report volume fraction evolution with temporal resolution as low as 30 s. To obtain information about the rate by controlling process during the reaction, the diffraction data were analyzed using the traditional thermogravimetric approach and by employing a number of kinetics models. The analysis suggests that the reaction rate is largely controlled by diffusion at 1100 °C, but is influenced more by an interface reaction at 1400 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - Bragg-edge transmission
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - NiO
KW  - Reduction
KW  - Thermogravimetry
N1  - Accession Number: 7826159; Vogel, S. 1,2 Ustundag, E. 3; Email Address: ersan@caltech.edu Hanan, J.C. 3 Yuan, V.W. 2 Bourke, M.A.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Christian Albrechts University, 24098 Kiel, Germany  2: Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Materials Science, Keck Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 333 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bragg-edge transmission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: NiO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermogravimetry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Elmer, J.W.
AU  - DebRoy, T.
T1  - Modeling and real time mapping of phases during GTA welding of 1005 steel
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 333
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 320
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Evolution of the microstructure in AISI 1005 steel weldments was studied during gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding experimentally and theoretically. The experimental work involved real-time mapping of phases in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) using a synchrotron-based spatially resolved X-ray diffraction (SRXRD) technique and post weld microstructural characterization of the fusion zone (FZ). A three-dimensional heat transfer and fluid flow model was used to calculate the temperature and velocity fields, thermal cycles, and the geometry of the FZ and the HAZ. The experimental SRXRD phase map and the computed thermal cycles were used to determine the kinetic parameters in the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) equation for the ferrite to austenite transformation during heating in the HAZ. Apart from providing a quantitative expression for the kinetics of this transformation, the results are consistent with a decreasing nucleation rate of austenite from a ferrite matrix with time. In the FZ, the volume fractions of microconstituents were calculated using an existing phase transformation model and the computed thermal cycles. Good agreement was found between the calculated and experimental volume fractions of allotriomorphic and Widmanstatten ferrites in the FZ. The results indicate significant promise for understanding microstructure evolution during GTA welding of AISI 1005 steel by a combination of real time phase mapping and modeling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEEL
KW  - GAS tungsten arc welding
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - 1005 steel
KW  - GTA welding
KW  - Heat transfer and fluid flow
KW  - JMA kinetics
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7826206; Zhang, W. 1 Elmer, J.W. 2 DebRoy, T. 1; Email Address: debroy@psu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Material Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-5006, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 333 Issue 1/2, p320; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: GAS tungsten arc welding; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 1005 steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: GTA welding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat transfer and fluid flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: JMA kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huber, Robert
AU  - Singer, Neal
T1  - Out with the old in with the new
JO  - Materials Today
JF  - Materials Today
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 5
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
SN  - 13697021
AB  - The materials issues facing the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) community can be understood best in terms of the historical context. The field began almost as an afterthought among those engaged in integrated circuit production. These researchers recognized early on that the same processes used in the production of circuits could be re-ordered to make very small mechanical devices. The huge investment made by the electronics community in silicon technologies — and the relative ease with which these techniques could be adapted to device production — made them an obvious resource for early MEMS designers. It is no accident that polycrystalline silicon is the most commonly used structural material.But with the continued expansion of MEMS devices into new areas of application, the limitations of silicon (Si) usefulness became clear. The need to combine electronics and MEMS on the same chip (iMEMS), improve the wear characteristics of moving parts, and achieve a greater mass of moving parts in MEMS inertial sensors have led researchers away from a ‘one-material-fits-all’ approach. Instead the search is on for materials that more directly serve specific ends. The need for biocompatibility in the emerging field of bio-MEMS has added urgency to the quest for new materials, since Si-based materials cannot meet every bio-MEMS need. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Today is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
N1  - Accession Number: 7833690; Huber, Robert 1 Singer, Neal 1; Email Address: nsinger@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albequerque, NM 87123, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 5 Issue 7/8, p36; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vu, David
AU  - Marquez, Manuel
AU  - Larsen, Gustavo
T1  - A facile method to deposit zeolites Y and L onto cellulose fibers
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 13871811
AB  - Zeolite (Y and L)/cellulose composites are synthesized from natural cellulose fibers pre-treated with NaOH, KOH or Na<f>2</f>SiO<f>3</f>, and preformed zeolite powders. Several techniques such as diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and BET specific surface area measurements were used to characterize these materials. Successful synthesis depends on extent of water removal from open reactors, fiber pre-treatment and reaction temperature, reaction time, and initial water:zeolite:fiber ratio. One important trait of the materials reported in this study is that their zeolite content becomes stable on washing with water at 373 K for several hours. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - CELLULOSE
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Fiber
KW  - Filter
KW  - Zeolite
KW  - Zeolite/cellulose composite
N1  - Accession Number: 7859858; Vu, David 1 Marquez, Manuel 2,3 Larsen, Gustavo 1; Email Address: glarsen@unlserve.unl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0126, USA  2: NanoteK R&D, Kraft Foods, Inc. 801 Waukegan Rd., Glenview, IL 60025, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemical Sci. and Technol. Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: CELLULOSE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolite/cellulose composite; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilkinson, Jeffery A.
AU  - Drewes, Robert C.
AU  - Tatum, Owatha L.
T1  - A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Rhacophoridae with an emphasis on the Asian and African genera
JO  - Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution
JF  - Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
SN  - 10557903
AB  - Using characters from mitochondrial DNA to construct maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood trees, we performed a phylogenetic analysis on representative species of 14 genera: 12 that belong to the treefrog family Rhacophoridae and two, Amolops and Rana, that are not rhacophorids. Our results support a phylogenetic hypothesis that depicts a monophyletic family Rhacophoridae. In this family, the Malagasy genera Aglyptodactylus, Boophis, Mantella, and Mantidactylus form a well-supported sister clade to all other rhacophorid genera, and Mantella is the sister taxon to Mantidactylus. Within the Asian/African genera, the genus Buergeria forms a well-supported clade of four species. The genera, except for Chirixalus, are generally monophyletic. An exception to this is that Polypedates dennysii clusters with species of Rhacophorus, suggesting that the taxonomy of the rhacophorids should be revised to reflect this relationship. Chirixalus is not monophyletic. Unexpectedly, there is strong support for Chirixalus doriae from Southeast Asia forming a clade with species of the African genus Chiromantis, suggesting that Chiromantis dispersed to Africa from Asia. Also, there is strong support for the sister taxon relationship of Chirixalus eiffingeri and Chirixalus idiootocus apart from other congeners. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHACOPHORIDAE
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - RNA
KW  - 12S, 16S rRNA genes
KW  - Aglyptodactylus
KW  - Boophis
KW  - Buergeria
KW  - Chirixalus
KW  - Chiromantis
KW  - Mantella
KW  - Mantidactylus
KW  - Molecular phylogeny
KW  - mtDNA
KW  - Nyctixalus
KW  - Philautus
KW  - Polypedates
KW  - Rhacophoridae
KW  - Rhacophorus
KW  - Taxonomy
KW  - Theloderma
N1  - Accession Number: 8508589; Wilkinson, Jeffery A. 1,2; Email Address: jwilkinson@harveyecology.com Drewes, Robert C. 1 Tatum, Owatha L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Herpetology, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA  2: H.T. Harvey and Associates, 3150 Almaden Expressway, Suite 215, San Jose, CA 95118, USA  3: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p265; Subject Term: RHACOPHORIDAE; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: RNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12S, 16S rRNA genes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aglyptodactylus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boophis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buergeria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chirixalus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chiromantis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mantella; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mantidactylus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular phylogeny; Author-Supplied Keyword: mtDNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nyctixalus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Philautus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polypedates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhacophoridae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhacophorus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Taxonomy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theloderma; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marsteller, Douglas A.
AU  - Gerasimov, Madina R.
AU  - Schiffer, Wynne K.
AU  - Geiger, Justin M.
AU  - Barnett, Channing R.
AU  - Borg, Jana Schaich
AU  - Scott, Sabria
AU  - Ceccarelli, Jill
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Molina, Patricia E.
AU  - Alexoff, David L.
AU  - Dewey, Stephen L.
T1  - Acute Handling Stress Modulates Methylphenidate-induced Catecholamine Overflow in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex
JO  - Neuropsychopharmacology
JF  - Neuropsychopharmacology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 0893133X
AB  - Although stress is an extensively investigated phenomenon, the effects of specific stressors on the pharmacologic activity of routinely administered drugs are less well characterized. We designed the present study to investigate the effect of handling stress on catecholaminergic responsivity following an acute methylphenidate (MP, Ritalin) challenge in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) levels were simultaneously measured in 15-min samples of PFC dialysate using HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection. Sprague-Dawley rats were handled for 15 min, which produced an increase from basal extracellular DA and NE levels. Handling stress attenuates the DA response when administered 2 h prior to IP MP, whereas handling stress enhances the DA response when administered simultaneously with IG MP. These findings suggest that persistent alterations in mesocorticolimbic DA-ergic activity are induced by a short exposure to restraint stress as evidenced by the altered response to MP challenge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neuropsychopharmacology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS (Physiology)
KW  - PREFRONTAL cortex
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - Dopamine
KW  - Handling stress
KW  - Medial prefrontal cortex
KW  - Methylphenidate
KW  - Microdialysis
KW  - Norepinephrine
N1  - Accession Number: 7835452; Marsteller, Douglas A. 1,2 Gerasimov, Madina R. 1; Email Address: madina@bnl.gov Schiffer, Wynne K. 1,2 Geiger, Justin M. 1 Barnett, Channing R. 1 Borg, Jana Schaich 1 Scott, Sabria 1 Ceccarelli, Jill 1 Volkow, Nora D. 1,3,4 Molina, Patricia E. 5 Alexoff, David L. 1 Dewey, Stephen L. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  2: Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, 11794 USA  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  4: Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, 11794 USA  5: Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 27 Issue 2, p163; Subject Term: STRESS (Physiology); Subject Term: PREFRONTAL cortex; Subject Term: DOPAMINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dopamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Handling stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Medial prefrontal cortex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methylphenidate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microdialysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Norepinephrine; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
AU  - Tschaplinski, Timothy J.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Stem respiration increases in CO2 -enriched sweetgum trees.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 155
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 248
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • Stem respiration in trees results in substantial CO 2 release to the atmosphere. Stem respiration is an important component of the carbon budget of forest stands that could be perturbed by CO 2 enrichment of the atmosphere. • We measured stem respiration in a free-air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) experiment in a 15-yr-old sweetgum ( Liquidambar styraciflua ) plantation. The trees were exposed to ambient or 1.4× ambient [CO 2 ]. Stem respiration of 12 trees in ambient [CO 2 ] and 12 trees in CO 2 -enriched plots was continuously monitored over a period of 1 year. • CO2 enrichment caused a 23% increase in annual growth respiration ( R g ) and a 48% increase in maintenance respiration ( R m ). During a 4-d period when CO 2 fumigation was turned off, both respiration and stem sucrose concentrations declined in the CO 2 -enriched trees . Concentrations of other soluble sugars did not change. • We conclude that elevated [CO 2 ] caused stem respiration to increase and that the increase was driven by increased substrate supply from leaves. We suggest that both R g and R m rate responses may result from changes in growth rates and live to dead tissue ratios rather than from mechanistic alterations of the respiratory processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESPIRATION
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - SWEETGUM
KW  - CO
KW  - free-air CO
KW  - growth respiration
KW  - Liquidambar styraciflua
KW  - maintenance respiration
KW  - soluble carbohydrate concentrations
KW  - stem respiration
KW  - sucrose
N1  - Accession Number: 6911535; Edwards, Nelson T. 1 Tschaplinski, Timothy J. 1 Norby, Richard J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 155 Issue 2, p239; Subject Term: RESPIRATION; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: SWEETGUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquidambar styraciflua; Author-Supplied Keyword: maintenance respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: soluble carbohydrate concentrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stem respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: sucrose; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00458.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Baum, R.
AU  - Garcia, E.
AU  - Mignerey, A.C.
AU  - Remsberg, L.P.
T1  - Array of Cherenkov radiators for PHOBOS at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 488
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 94
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An array of Cherenkov radiators (“the Cherenkov counters”) for the measurement of the vertex position of heavy-ion gold–gold collisions for the PHOBOS experiment at relativistic heavy ion collider is described. These simple, versatile, and highly efficient detectors provide a low bias and easily understood hardware (on-line) vertex trigger. This trigger is ready for the data-acquisition system in about <f>650 ns</f>. The position resolution of the vertex distribution found by the Cherenkov counters is approx. <f>4 cm</f> and is very stable as function of the centrality of the collisions. The general characteristics of the Cherenkov counters, their design parameters, and performance are presented, along with the implementation of the hardware vertex trigger used for PHOBOS during the 2001 run. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHERENKOV counters
KW  - VERTEX detectors
KW  - Cherenkov
KW  - Cherenkov counters
KW  - Trigger
KW  - Vertex
N1  - Accession Number: 7845177; Bindel, R. 1 Baum, R. 1 Garcia, E. 1,2; Email Address: ejgarcia@uic.edu Mignerey, A.C. 1 Remsberg, L.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  2: Department of Physics (MC 273), University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Room 2236, Chicago, IL 60607, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 488 Issue 1/2, p94; Subject Term: CHERENKOV counters; Subject Term: VERTEX detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertex; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Atac, M.
AU  - Bartz, E.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Bortoletto, D.
AU  - Chien, C.Y.
AU  - Cremaldi, L.
AU  - Doroshenko, J.
AU  - Giolo, K.
AU  - Gobbi, B.
AU  - Gomez, P.
AU  - Grim, G.
AU  - Koeth, T.
AU  - Kozhevnikov, Y.
AU  - Lander, R.
AU  - Malik, S.
AU  - Pellett, D.
AU  - Perera, L.
AU  - Pernicka, M.
AU  - Rott, C.
AU  - Roy, A.
T1  - Beam test results of the US-CMS forward pixel detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 488
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 01689002
AB  - CMS will use silicon pixel as its innermost tracking device. Prototypes of these <f>150 μm</f> square pixels bump bonded to DMILL readout chips were tested at CERN in a pion beam. A silicon telescope consisting of 8 planes of silicon strips was used to interpolate tracks to the position of the pixel detector. Data were taken with the beam at different angles of incidence relative to the pixel sensors. Position resolutions between 10 and <f>20 μm</f>, depending on the hit position, were observed using charge sharing for the final configuration with unirradiated detectors. The observed resolution was as expected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PION beams
KW  - Beam test
KW  - CMS
KW  - Forward
KW  - FPIX
KW  - Pixel
KW  - Resolution
N1  - Accession Number: 7845194; Atac, M. 1 Bartz, E. 2 Bolla, G. 3 Bortoletto, D. 3 Chien, C.Y. 4 Cremaldi, L. 5 Doroshenko, J. 2 Giolo, K. 3 Gobbi, B. 6 Gomez, P. 7 Grim, G. 7 Koeth, T. 2 Kozhevnikov, Y. 1 Lander, R. 7 Malik, S. 6 Pellett, D. 7 Perera, L. 2 Pernicka, M. 8 Rott, C. 3; Email Address: carott@physics.purdue.edu Roy, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS 318-P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA  3: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  5: University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA  6: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA  7: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  8: Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Österr. Akad. d. Wissensch., Vienna A-1050, Austria; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 488 Issue 1/2, p271; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PION beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam test; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forward; Author-Supplied Keyword: FPIX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resolution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Donald L.
AU  - Naberejnev, Dmitri G.
AU  - Van Wormer, Laura A.
T1  - Large errors and severe conditions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 488
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 342
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Physical parameters that can assume real-number values over a continuous range are generally represented by inherently positive random variables. However, if the uncertainties in these parameters are significant (large errors), conventional means of representing and manipulating the associated variables can lead to erroneous results. Instead, all analyses involving them must be conducted in a probabilistic framework. Several issues must be considered: First, non-linear functional relations between primary and derived variables may lead to significant “error amplification” (severe conditions). Second, the commonly used normal (Gaussian) probability distribution must be replaced by a more appropriate function that avoids the occurrence of negative sampling results. Third, both primary random variables and those derived through well-defined functions must be dealt with entirely in terms of their probability distributions. Parameter “values” and “errors” should be interpreted as specific moments of these probability distributions. Fourth, there are pragmatic reasons for seeking convenient analytical formulas to approximate the “true” probability distributions of derived parameters generated by Monte Carlo simulation. This paper discusses each of these issues and illustrates the main concepts with realistic examples involving radioactivity decay and nuclear astrophysics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REAL numbers
KW  - RANDOM variables
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Errors
KW  - Probability
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Variables
N1  - Accession Number: 7845201; Smith, Donald L. 1; Email Address: donald.l.smith@anl.gov Naberejnev, Dmitri G. 1 Van Wormer, Laura A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Technology Development Division, Mail stop: TD-362-C193 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, Hiram College, Hiram, OH 44234, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 488 Issue 1/2, p342; Subject Term: REAL numbers; Subject Term: RANDOM variables; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Errors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variables; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, D.C.
AU  - Mead, W.C.
AU  - Disdier, L.
AU  - Houry, M.
AU  - Bourgade, J.-L.
AU  - Murphy, T.J.
T1  - Scattered and (<f>n</f>,2<f>n</f>) neutrons as a measure of areal density in ICF capsules
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 488
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 400
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The fraction of low-energy neutrons created from 14 MeV neutrons by elastic scattering and (<f>n</f>,2<f>n</f>) reactions on D and T has been proposed as a measure of the areal density <f>〈ρr〉</f> (radial integral of density) of ICF targets. In simple situations the fraction of neutrons between 9.4 (the upper energy of T+T neutrons) and 13 MeV (below the Doppler broadened 14.1 MeV peak) is proportional to the <f>〈ρr〉</f> at the time of neutron production. This ratio does not depend upon the temperature of the fuel, as does the number of reaction-in-flight neutrons. The ratio of neutrons elastically scattered at a specific energy (e.g. 13 MeV) to the total number of neutrons can be measured along different lines of sight. The ratio of two perpendicular measurements provides a quantitative measure of <f>〈ρr〉</f> asymmetry. A detector can be placed inside the target chamber to measure these low-energy neutrons. If it is close enough to the target that measurements are made before the 14 MeV neutrons reach the chamber wall, gamma rays can be a negligible background. Calculated gamma ray and scattered neutron backgrounds from a cryogenic target support or a typical diagnostic instrument also do not calculate to pose a problem. A GaAs detector 2.5 m from the target in the NIF chamber appears to have enough sensitivity and sufficiently rapid time response to make this measurement, but measurement of a weak signal (∼<f><NU>1</NU>/1000</f>) after a strong 14 MeV pulse needs to be tested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS -- Spectra
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - DOPPLER effect
KW  - ICF capsules
KW  - ICF diagnostics
KW  - Neutron spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 7845205; Wilson, D.C. 1; Email Address: dcw@lanl.gov Mead, W.C. 2 Disdier, L. 3 Houry, M. 3 Bourgade, J.-L. 3 Murphy, T.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, X-2, MS B220, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: ANSR Inc., Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  3: CEA-DAM Ile de France, BP 12, 94680 Bruyères Le Chatel, France; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 488 Issue 1/2, p400; Subject Term: NEUTRONS -- Spectra; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: DOPPLER effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: ICF capsules; Author-Supplied Keyword: ICF diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spectra; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Portillo, M.
AU  - Nolen, J.
AU  - Gomes, I.
AU  - Panteleev, V.N.
AU  - Fedorov, D.V.
AU  - Barzakh, A.E.
AU  - Beznosjuk, V.I.
AU  - Moroz, F.V.
AU  - Orlov, S.Yu.
AU  - Volkov, Yu.M.
T1  - Production of neutron-rich isotopes by one- and two-step processes in ISOL targets
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 194
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The results are presented for an experiment that compares the difference between a one- and two-step reaction setup using 1 GeV protons. The rates of production from an on-line isotope separator target containing UCx are measured for isotopes in the neutron mass region of Rb and Cs. Some details about the measured results and predictions by the Monte Carlo models are discussed. The effects of the delayed release on the extracted efficiency are generalized using analytical models for application to a wide range of nuclear decay lifetimes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 7851363; Portillo, M. 1; Email Address: portillo@phy.anl.gov Nolen, J. 1 Gomes, I. 1 Panteleev, V.N. 2 Fedorov, D.V. 2 Barzakh, A.E. 2 Beznosjuk, V.I. 2 Moroz, F.V. 2 Orlov, S.Yu. 2 Volkov, Yu.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Building 203, Room H138, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: IRIS, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute RAS, 188350, Gatchina, Leningrad district, Russia; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 194 Issue 2, p193; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foster, Nancy S.
AU  - Day, Jeffrey W.
AU  - Filby, Royston H.
AU  - Alford, Amber
AU  - Rogers, Delisa
T1  - The role of Na-montmorillonite in the evolution of copper, nickel, and vanadyl geoporphyrins during diagenesis
JO  - Organic Geochemistry
JF  - Organic Geochemistry
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 907
SN  - 01466380
AB  - Sorption of a series of toluene-solvated porphyrins with differing structural characteristics and metallic centers [i.e. free-base, Cu(II), Ni(II) and VO(II)] onto Na-montmorillonite was measured to determine how this clay mineral might influence porphyrin pathways during diagenesis. In most instances, adsorption was adequately described by the Langmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption results were compared in two ways: (1) by the metallating ion, where predicted trends of the relative degree of adsorption are based on Buchler stability indices, and (2) by the structural type, where predicted trends of the relative degree of adsorption are based on the number and type of substituent groups and their corresponding steric and functional characteristics. The implications of macrocycle shape (planar, ruffle, and wave) are also discussed. In general, sorption affinity based on metallating ion followed the order: VO(II)&ap;Ni(II)<Cu(II)<<Free-base. In terms of functional groups, sorption affinity generally followed the order: phenyl (meso)<ethyl<methyl<ester. Ruffled shapes generally sorb less than planar shapes. These sorption trends are used to explain how clay minerals might influence the selective sorption and decomposition of porphyrins in oil shales; how clay minerals may contribute to or be responsible for the decreasing Ni(II)/VO(II) ratios observed in the fossil record; and why clay minerals probably do not play a major role in the decreasing deoxophylloerythroetioporphyrin/etioporphyrin I (DPEP/ETIO) ratio observed in the maturing sedimentary environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Organic Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Toluene
KW  - Porphyrins
KW  - Montmorillonite
N1  - Accession Number: 7854366; Foster, Nancy S. 1; Day, Jeffrey W. 2; Email Address: jeffrey_w_day@rl.gov; Filby, Royston H. 3; Alford, Amber 2; Rogers, Delisa 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MS K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2: Science and Technology Programs, Richland Operations Office, US Department of Energy, PO Box 550, MS K8-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 3: Washington State University, PO Box 644630, Pullman, WA 99164-4630, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 33 Issue 8, p907; Thesaurus Term: Toluene; Subject Term: Porphyrins; Subject Term: Montmorillonite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferer, M.
AU  - Bromhal, Grant S.
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Spatial distribution of avalanches in invasion percolation: their role in fingering
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 311
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 03784371
AB  - For two decades, invasion percolation (IP) has provided a simple model of ‘drainage’ where a non-wetting fluid is injected into a porous media saturated with a wetting fluid, in the limit where capillary forces dominate and viscous forces are negligible. IP produces a characteristic fingering with a fractal dimension close to that of ordinary critical percolation. Avalanches (also called ‘bursts’ or ‘Haines jumps’) have been observed. In this paper, we focus on the practical issues relating to the causes of the fingering and of the low saturations of injected fluid. We show that the saturation and the average position of the injected fluid exhibit standard fractal scaling behavior. However, the fractional flow of the injected fluid does not allow an average analysis because of the noise arising from the avalanches, even for the million site systems investigated in this paper. In studying the spatial distribution of these avalanches, we find a size cutoff depending upon the position of the avalanches; this is characteristic of the finite size of the system and signals that the systems have not achieved self-organized criticality. Furthermore, we show that the average size of these avalanches, <f>〈sa〉</f>, increases with their average distance, <f>〈x〉</f>, from the outlet as <f>〈sa〉&ap;〈x〉1.1</f>. As a result, larger avalanches will tend to occur at the end of longer fingers causing preferential growth of the long fingers at the expense of the shorter fingers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERCOLATION (Statistical physics)
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - Depinning transitions
KW  - Flow in porous media
KW  - Invasion percolation
KW  - Self-organized criticality
N1  - Accession Number: 7845214; Ferer, M. 1,2; Email Address: martin.ferer@or.netl.doe.gov Bromhal, Grant S. 3 Smith, Duane H. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA  2: Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6315, USA  3: US DOE, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 311 Issue 1/2, p5; Subject Term: PERCOLATION (Statistical physics); Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depinning transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow in porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Invasion percolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-organized criticality; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ziq, Kh.A.
AU  - Salem, A.F.
AU  - Finnemore, D.K.
T1  - Scaling of the flux pinning in La1.45Nd0.40Sr0.15CuO4 stripe phase superconductor
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 321
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Magnetization measurements for La1.45Nd0.40Sr0.15CuO4 single crystal have been performed in order to investigate the effects of spin–charge ordering on pinning and scaling behavior of Jc and <f>Pf</f>. Despite the large differences in the irreversible fields along the ab-plane and the c-axis, the obtained values of <f>Hc</f> (hence the free energy) are basically similar. The maximum pinning forces obtained from the irreversible magnetization along c and in the ab-plane were found to scale with <f>(Hc)β</f> for both crystallographic directions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - Stripe phase
KW  - Superconductors
KW  - Thermodynamic critical field
N1  - Accession Number: 7865256; Ziq, Kh.A. 1; Email Address: kaziq@kfupm.edu.sa Salem, A.F. 1 Finnemore, D.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran P.O. Box 1674, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia  2: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 321 Issue 1-4, p317; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripe phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamic critical field; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - del-Castillo-Negrete, D.
AU  - Carreras, B.A.
AU  - Lynch, Vickie
T1  - Front propagation and segregation in a reaction–diffusion model with cross-diffusion
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 168/169
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 01672789
AB  - A study of front propagation and segregation in a system of reaction–diffusion equations with cross-diffusion is presented. The reaction models predator–prey dynamics involving two fields. The diffusive part is nonlinear in the sense that the diffusion coefficient, instead of being a constant as in the well-studied case, depends on one of the fields. A key element of the model is a cross-diffusion term according to which the flux of one of the fields is driven by gradients of the other field. The original motivation of the model was the study of the turbulence–shear flow interaction in plasmas. The model also bears some similarities with models used in the study of spatial segregation of interacting biological species. The system has three nontrivial fixed points, and a study of traveling fronts solutions joining these states is presented. Depending on the stability properties of the fixed points, the fronts are uniform or have spatial structure. In the latter case, a cross-diffusion-driven pattern-forming <F>(k≢0)</F> instability leads to segregation in the wake of the front. The segregated state consists of layered structures. A Ginzburg–Landau amplitude equation is used to describe the dynamics near marginal stability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REACTION-diffusion equations
KW  - TURBULENT diffusion (Meteorology)
KW  - Fronts
KW  - Reaction–diffusion
KW  - Segregation
KW  - Turbulent diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 8836915; del-Castillo-Negrete, D.; Email Address: delcastillod@ornl.gov Carreras, B.A. 1 Lynch, Vickie 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8071, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 168/169, p45; Subject Term: REACTION-diffusion equations; Subject Term: TURBULENT diffusion (Meteorology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Fronts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction–diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulent diffusion; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becher, Thomas
AU  - Braig, Stephan
AU  - Neubert, Matthias
AU  - Kagan, Alexander L.
T1  - Constraints on light bottom squarks from radiative <f>B</f>-meson decays
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 540
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The presence of a light <f>b˜</f> squark (<f>mb˜∼4</f> GeV) and gluino (<f>mg˜∼15</f> GeV) might explain the observed excess in <f>b</f>-quark production at the Tevatron. Though provocative, this model is not excluded by present data. The light supersymmetric particles can induce large flavor-changing effects in radiative decays of <f>B</f> mesons. We analyze the decays <f>B→Xsγ</f> and <f>B→Xsg</f> in this scenario and derive restrictive bounds on the flavor-changing quark–squark–gluino couplings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7845277; Becher, Thomas 1; Email Address: tgbecher@slac.stanford.edu Braig, Stephan 2 Neubert, Matthias 2 Kagan, Alexander L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94309, USA  2: Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 540 Issue 3/4, p278; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benveniste, Helene
AU  - Blackband, Steve
T1  - MR microscopy and high resolution small animal MRI: applications in neuroscience research
JO  - Progress in Neurobiology
JF  - Progress in Neurobiology
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 03010082
AB  - The application of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the study of human disease using small animals has steadily evolved over the past two decades and strongly established the fields of “small animal MR imaging” and “MR microscopy.” An increasing number of neuroscience related investigations now implement MR microscopy in their experiments. Research areas of growth pertaining to MR microscopy studies are focused on (1) phenotyping of genetically engineered mice models of human neurological diseases and (2) rodent brain atlases. MR microscopy can be performed in vitro on tissue specimens, ex vivo on brain slice preparations and in vivo (typically on rodents). Like most new imaging technologies, MR microscopy is technologically demanding and requires broad expertise. Uniform guidelines or “standards” of a given MR microscopy experiment are non-existent. The main focus therefore of this review will be on biological applications of MR microscopy and the experimental requirements. We also take a critical look at the biological information that small animal (rodent) MR imaging has provided in neuroscience research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Neurobiology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - DISEASES -- Research
KW  - LABORATORY animals
KW  - AD, Alzheimer’s disease
KW  - ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient
KW  - ApoE, apolipoprotein E
KW  - BMAP, Brain Molecular Anatomy Project
KW  - BOLD, blood oxygen level-dependent
KW  - CBF, cerebral blood flow
KW  - CNR, contrast-to-noise ratio
KW  - EAE, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
KW  - fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging
KW  - LONI, laboratory of neuroimaging
KW  - LPC, lysophospahtidylcholine
KW  - MAP, map atlas project
KW  - MCA, middle cerebral artery
KW  - MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
KW  - MS, multiple sclerosis
KW  - rf, radio frequency
KW  - SNR, signal-to-noise ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 7875924; Benveniste, Helene 1,2; Email Address: benveniste@bnl.gov Blackband, Steve 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 490, 30 Bell Avenue, Upton, NY 11793, USA  2: Department of Anesthesiology, SUNY-SB Stony Brook, New York, NY, USA  3: McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA  4: The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p393; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: DISEASES -- Research; Subject Term: LABORATORY animals; Author-Supplied Keyword: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: ApoE, apolipoprotein E; Author-Supplied Keyword: BMAP, Brain Molecular Anatomy Project; Author-Supplied Keyword: BOLD, blood oxygen level-dependent; Author-Supplied Keyword: CBF, cerebral blood flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: CNR, contrast-to-noise ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: EAE, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis; Author-Supplied Keyword: fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: LONI, laboratory of neuroimaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: LPC, lysophospahtidylcholine; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAP, map atlas project; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCA, middle cerebral artery; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: MS, multiple sclerosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: rf, radio frequency; Author-Supplied Keyword: SNR, signal-to-noise ratio; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, J.W.
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Briggs, R.D.
AU  - Shul, R.J.
AU  - Monier, C.
AU  - Han, J.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
T1  - MOCVD-grown HEMTs on <f>Al2O3</f> substrates
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 46
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1193
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Al<f>0.2</f>Ga<f>0.8</f>N/GaN HEMTs have been fabricated from MOCVD-grown epilayers on (0 0 0 1) sapphire substrates. DC current densities from 0.5 to <f>∼</f>1 A/mm were achieved for gate lengths ranging from 0.75 to <f>0.1 μ</f>m. A maximum transconductance of 207 mS/mm was measured for short gate length devices. From s-parameter measurements, <f>ft</f> of 59 GHz and <f>fmax</f> of 90 GHz were extracted. Load pull results from <f>0.25×150 μm2</f> gate dimension devices indicated an output power density of 2.75 W/mm at 3 GHz and 1.7 W/mm at 10 GHz. Small signal modeling of the measured s-parameters is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors
KW  - METAL organic chemical vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 7824793; Johnson, J.W. 1 Ren, F. 1; Email Address: ren@che.ufl.edu Baca, A.G. 2 Briggs, R.D. 2 Shul, R.J. 2 Monier, C. 2 Han, J. 3 Pearton, S.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 46 Issue 8, p1193; Subject Term: MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors; Subject Term: METAL organic chemical vapor deposition; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eldridge, J.E.
AU  - Wang, H.H.
AU  - Kini, A.M.
AU  - Schlueter, J.A.
T1  - Assignment of the Raman spectra of some deuterated-BEDT-TTF superconductors
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 58
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2237
SN  - 13861425
AB  - We present the room-temperature Raman spectra of both the protonated and deuterated forms of κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br, κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(NCS)2 and β-(BEDT-TTF)2I3. Along with data for the neutral BEDT-TTF molecule these spectra are used to assign the many features in the spectra of the deuterated compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - MOLECULAR spectra
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - BEDT-TTF
KW  - Bis(ethylenedithio) tetrathiafulvalene
KW  - Deuterated
KW  - normal modes
KW  - phonon assignments
KW  - Raman spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 7842507; Eldridge, J.E. 1; Email Address: eldridge@physics.ubc.ca Wang, H.H. 2 Kini, A.M. 2 Schlueter, J.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 58 Issue 10, p2237; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectra; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: BEDT-TTF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bis(ethylenedithio) tetrathiafulvalene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterated; Author-Supplied Keyword: normal modes; Author-Supplied Keyword: phonon assignments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman spectrum; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagem, Ronaldo Alves Pinto
AU  - Colau, Didier
AU  - Dumoutier, Laure
AU  - Renauld, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Ogata, Craig
AU  - Polikarpov, Igor
T1  - Crystal Structure of Recombinant Human Interleukin-22
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 10
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1051
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Interleukin-22 (IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor/IL-TIF/IL-22) is a novel cytokine belonging to the IL-10 family. Recombinant human IL-22 (hIL-22) was found to activate the signal transducers and activators of transcription factors 1 and 3 as well as acute phase reactants in several hepatoma cell lines, suggesting its involvement in the inflammatory response. The crystallographic structure of recombinant hIL-22 has been solved at 2.0 A˚ resolution using the SIRAS method. Contrary to IL-10, the hIL-22 dimer does not present an interpenetration of the secondary-structure elements belonging to the two distinct polypeptide chains but results from interface interactions between monomers. Structural differences between these two cytokines, revealed by the crystallographic studies, clearly indicate that, while a homodimer of IL-10 is required for signaling, hIL-22 most probably interacts with its receptor as a monomer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERLEUKINS
KW  - T cells
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - crystal structure
KW  - IFN-γ
KW  - IL-10
KW  - IL-22
KW  - IL-TIF
KW  - interleukin
N1  - Accession Number: 7863410; Nagem, Ronaldo Alves Pinto 1,2 Colau, Didier 3 Dumoutier, Laure 3 Renauld, Jean-Christophe 3 Ogata, Craig 4 Polikarpov, Igor 1,5; Email Address: ipolikarpov@if.sc.usp.br; Affiliation:  1: Laboratório Nacional de Luz Sıncrotron, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13084-971, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil  2: Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Deptartamento de Fısica, Caixa Postal 6165, CEP 13084-971, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil  3: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch and The Experimental Medicine Unit, Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology, Université de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA  5: Instituto de Fısica de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense 400, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 10 Issue 8, p1051; Subject Term: INTERLEUKINS; Subject Term: T cells; Subject Term: CYTOKINES; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFN-γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: IL-10; Author-Supplied Keyword: IL-22; Author-Supplied Keyword: IL-TIF; Author-Supplied Keyword: interleukin; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morton, S.A.
AU  - Waddill, G.D.
AU  - Kim, S.
AU  - Schuller, Ivan K.
AU  - Chambers, S.A.
AU  - Tobin, J.G.
T1  - Spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of Fe3O4
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 513
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - L451
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Spin-polarized photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to study the candidate half metal Fe3O4. By using higher photon energies we can study polarization in “as received” samples, essentially “looking through” the disrupted surface. Our data agree with theoretical calculations for Fe3O4 but exhibit a lowered polarization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - and topography
KW  - Electron density, excitation spectra calculations
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - Magnetic films
KW  - Magnetic surfaces
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Visible and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7841484; Morton, S.A. 1 Waddill, G.D. 1 Kim, S. 2 Schuller, Ivan K. 2 Chambers, S.A. 3 Tobin, J.G. 4; Email Address: tobin1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO 65409, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California––San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99392, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO 808, L357, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 513 Issue 3, pL451; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron density, excitation spectra calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visible and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Adams, P.N.
AU  - Mattes, B.R.
T1  - The influence of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPSA) additive concentration and stretch orientation on electronic transport in AMPSA-modified polyaniline films prepared from an acid solvent mixture
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 129
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 03796779
AB  - We examine the effects of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPSA)-additive concentration, molecular weight, and specimen elongation on the temperature-dependent electronic transport properties of polyaniline films prepared with AMPSA in the presence of a great excess of a formic and dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) solvent mixture. The AMPSA-additive dependent resistivity and thermopower are reported for free-standing PANI:AMPSAx (<F>Mw=200</F>,000 g mol−1) films (<F>x=0.1</F>–0.5) in the temperature range from 2 to 325 K. The low-temperature data indicate that these samples are just on the insulating side of a disorder-induced metal–insulator (M–I) transition (dρ/<F>dT<0</F>), and that thermal motion at elevated temperatures is sufficient to produce a metallic state (dρ/<F>dT>0</F>) at room temperature. Transport occurs via variable-range hopping (VRH) for temperatures below 200 K, with hopping parameters that are a strong function of x; increased AMPSA concentration decreases the resistivity and moves the samples towards the M–I phase boundary. There is a minimum in the resistivity for all samples at a temperature Tmin that is also doping dependent. Stretch orientation of PANI:AMPSA0.5 films, prepared with higher molecular weight PANI (<F>Mw=300</F>,000 g mol−1), along the resistivity measurement direction decreases the room-temperature resistivity at the expense of a more insulating low-temperature state. The Tmin values of both stretched and unstretched PANI:AMPSA0.5 films are pushed below 200 K, which reflects reduced disorder in film processed with higher molecular weight polyaniline. These results reflect an evolution in the underlying inhomogeneous mesoscopic disorder present in doped conducting polymers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDUCTING polymers
KW  - ANILINE
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - AMPSA
KW  - Conducting polymers
KW  - Electronic transport
KW  - Polyaniline and derivatives
N1  - Accession Number: 7855301; Hundley, M.F. 1; Email Address: hundley@lanl.gov Adams, P.N. 2 Mattes, B.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group MST-10, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Santa Fe Science and Technology Inc., 3216 Richards Lane, Santa Fe, NM 87505, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 129 Issue 3, p291; Subject Term: CONDUCTING polymers; Subject Term: ANILINE; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: AMPSA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conducting polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyaniline and derivatives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, Z.B.
AU  - Hershberger, J.
AU  - Yalisove, S.M.
AU  - Bilello, J.C.
T1  - Determination of residual stress in thin films: a comparative study of X-ray topography versus laser curvature method
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 415
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The residual stress in thin films has been determined by X-ray diffraction and laser scanning methods. The usual procedure is to measure the strain via lattice or physical curvature analysis and then to calculate the stress using continuum mechanics models. X-ray and laser techniques measure different physical quantities. In the former case, the curvature of crystal lattice planes is assessed while in the latter situation the curvature of physical surface of the sample is measured. In principle, these two methods should yield the same results. The current experiments use the latest two-dimensional X-ray double crystal diffraction topography (DCDT) and a laser scanning technique (LST) to determine the quantities of interest for a variety of thin films deposited on Si (1 0 0) wafers. The measurements by the two techniques were performed on the same samples, at the same time, under exactly identical conditions. For specimens where the residual stresses produce large curvatures of both types (lattice curvature and surface curvature), the results for DCDT and LST agree within the experimental error. When small to moderate curvatures are present, the two methods deviate to varying degrees. This deviation is of special significance in determining residual stress in nanometer-thickness films. Nevertheless, DCDT and LST generally yield similar results on differential curvatures, i.e. the stress induced curvature differentials. When proper consideration is taken for the inherent limits of each technique, both DCDT and LST can be used as valid procedures for stress measurement in thin film–substrate systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - Double crystal diffraction topography
KW  - Laser scanning
KW  - Stress
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7873535; Zhao, Z.B. 1; Email Address: zhibo.zhao@delphiauto.com Hershberger, J. 2 Yalisove, S.M. 3 Bilello, J.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Delphi Research Labs, 51786 Shelby Parkway, Shelby Township, MI 48315, USA  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA  3: Center for Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 415 Issue 1/2, p21; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double crystal diffraction topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser scanning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lingohr, Melissa K.
AU  - Bull, Richard J.
AU  - Kato-Weinstein, Junko
AU  - Thrall, Brian D.
T1  - Dichloroacetate Stimulates Glycogen Accumulation in Primary Hepatocytes through an Insulin-Independent Mechanism.
JO  - Toxicological Sciences
JF  - Toxicological Sciences
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 68
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 508
EP  - 515
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10966080
AB  - Dichloroacetate (DCA), a by-product of water chlorination, causes liver cancer in B6C3F1 mice. A hallmark response observed in mice exposed to carcinogenic doses of DCA is an accumulation of hepatic glycogen content. To distinguish whether the in vivo glycogenic effect of DCA was dependent on insulin and insulin signaling proteins, experiments were conducted in isolated hepatocytes where insulin concentrations could be controlled. In hepatocytes isolated from male B6C3F1 mice, DCA increased glycogen levels in a dose-related manner, independently of insulin. The accumulation of hepatocellular glycogen induced by DCA was not the result of decreased glycogenolysis, since DCA had no effect on the rate of glucagon-stimulated glycogen breakdown. Glycogen accumulation caused by DCA treatment was not hindered by inhibitors of extracellular-regulated protein kinase kinase (Erk1/2 kinase or MEK) or p70 kDa S6 protein kinase (p70S6K), but was completely blocked by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin. Similarly, insulin-stimulated glycogen deposition was not influenced by the Erk1/2 kinase inhibitor, PD098509, or the p70S6K inhibitor, rapamycin. Unlike DCA-stimulated glycogen deposition, PI3K-inhibition only partially blocked the glycogenic effect of insulin. DCA did not cause phosphorylation of the downstream PI3K target protein, protein kinase B (PKB/Akt). The phosphorylation of PKB/Akt did not correlate to insulin-stimulated glycogenesis either. Similar to insulin, DCA in the medium decreased IR expression in isolated hepatocytes. The results indicate DCA increases hepatocellular glycogen accumulation through a PI3K-dependent mechanism that does not involve PKB/Akt and is, at least in part, different from the classical insulin-stimulated glycogenesis pathway. Somewhat surprisingly, insulin-stimulated glycogenesis also appears not to involve PKB/Akt in isolated murine hepatocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicological Sciences is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mice
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Acetates
KW  - Liver -- Cancer
KW  - Glycogen
KW  - dichloroacetate
KW  - glycogen
KW  - hepatocyte
KW  - insulin
KW  - insulin receptor
KW  - PI3K
KW  - PKB/Akt
N1  - Accession Number: 44406361; Lingohr, Melissa K. 1,2; Bull, Richard J. 1,2; Email Address: dbull@tricity.wsu.edu; Kato-Weinstein, Junko 1,2; Thrall, Brian D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6510; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 68 Issue 2, p508; Thesaurus Term: Mice; Thesaurus Term: Carcinogenicity; Subject Term: Acetates; Subject Term: Liver -- Cancer; Subject Term: Glycogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: dichloroacetate; Author-Supplied Keyword: glycogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: hepatocyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: insulin; Author-Supplied Keyword: insulin receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: PI3K; Author-Supplied Keyword: PKB/Akt; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Niemet, Michael R.
AU  - Rockhold, Mark L.
AU  - Weisbrod, Noam
AU  - Selker, John S.
T1  - Relationships between gas-liquid interfacial surface area, liquid saturation, and light transmission in variably saturated porous media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 10-1
EP  - 10-12
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Liquid saturation and gas-liquid interfacial area are important parameters for evaluating the transport and fate of contaminants in unsaturated subsurface environments. Recent findings indicate that interfacial surface area controls the relative degree of transmitted light in laboratory systems containing translucent porous media. Equations are derived to estimate the specific gas-liquid interfacial area from the area under the primary-drainage branch of the Seff- h characteristic curve as parameterized using common water retention functions. The total area under the curve provides the maximum available specific gas-liquid interfacial area available at residual saturation, which can be incorporated into the relationship to determine the gas-liquid interfacial area at intermediate degrees of saturation via light transmission. Experimental results, and analysis of external data sets, support these findings. Closed-form relationships are presented as enhancements to a recent method for determination of liquid saturations above residual using light transmission. A physically based model is developed and tested for the quantification of liquid contents below residual saturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - characteristic curve
KW  - gas-liquid interfacial surface area
KW  - light transmission
KW  - liquid saturation
KW  - residual saturation
KW  - unsaturated porous media
N1  - Accession Number: 87143732; Niemet, Michael R. 1,2; Rockhold, Mark L. 1,3; Weisbrod, Noam 1,4; Selker, John S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Bioengineering, Oregon State University; 2: Now at CH2M Hill, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.; 3: Now at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.; 4: Now at Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde-Boqer, Israel.; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p10-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: characteristic curve; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas-liquid interfacial surface area; Author-Supplied Keyword: light transmission; Author-Supplied Keyword: liquid saturation; Author-Supplied Keyword: residual saturation; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated porous media; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000785
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gee, G. W.
AU  - Ward, A. L.
AU  - Caldwell, T. G.
AU  - Ritter, J. C.
T1  - A vadose zone water fluxmeter with divergence control.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 16-1
EP  - 16-7
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Unsaturated water flux densities are needed to quantify water and contaminant transfer within the vadose zone. However, water flux densities are seldom measured directly and often are predicted with uncertainties of an order or magnitude or more. A water fluxmeter was designed, constructed, and tested to directly measure drainage fluxes in field soils. The fluxmeter was designed to minimize divergence. It concentrates flow into a narrow sensing region filled with a fiberglass wick. The wick applies suction, proportional to its length, and passively drains the meter. The meter can be installed in an augured borehole at almost any depth below the root zone. Water flux through the meter is measured with a self-calibrating tipping bucket, with a sensitivity of ∼4 mL tip−1. For our meter this is equivalent to detection limit of ∼0.1 mm. Passive-wick devices previously have not properly corrected for flow divergence. Laboratory measurements supported predictions of a two-dimensional (2-D) numerical model, which showed that control of the collector height H and knowledge of soil hydraulic properties are required for improving divergence control, particularly at fluxes below 1000 mm yr−1. The water fluxmeter is simple in concept, is inexpensive, and has the capability of providing continuous and reliable monitoring of unsaturated water fluxes ranging from less than 1 mm yr−1 to more than 1000 mm yr−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - drainage
KW  - flow simulations
KW  - tipping bucket
KW  - wick sampler
N1  - Accession Number: 87143721; Gee, G. W. 1; Ward, A. L. 1; Caldwell, T. G. 1; Ritter, J. C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Hydrology Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p16-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: drainage; Author-Supplied Keyword: flow simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: tipping bucket; Author-Supplied Keyword: wick sampler; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000816
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lichtner, Peter C.
AU  - Kelkar, Sharad
AU  - Robinson, Bruce
T1  - New form of dispersion tensor for axisymmetric porous media with implementation in particle tracking.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 21-1
EP  - 21-16
SN  - 00431397
AB  - A general form of the dispersion tensor is derived for axisymmetric porous media involving four dispersivity coefficients corresponding to longitudinal and transverse dispersion in horizontal and vertical directions, defined as perpendicular and parallel to the axis of symmetry, respectively. The general form of the dispersion tensor provides for distinct vertical and horizontal longitudinal dispersivity values. Transverse dispersion is isotropic for flow parallel to the symmetry axis and anisotropic for flow perpendicular to the symmetry axis with distinct horizontal and vertical transverse dispersivities. The new form of the dispersion tensor is applied to several examples involving axisymmetric media utilizing particle tracking techniques and compared to the tensor proposed by Burnett and Frind [1987]. It is demonstrated that for the case of spatially variable flow the drift term ∇ · (ϕ D)/ϕ must generally be included in the particle tracking algorithm to obtain accurate results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - anisotropy
KW  - dispersion
KW  - particle tracking
KW  - transport
N1  - Accession Number: 87143747; Lichtner, Peter C. 1; Kelkar, Sharad 1; Robinson, Bruce 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p21-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winter, C. L.
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
T1  - Groundwater flow in heterogeneous composite aquifers.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 23-1
EP  - 23-11
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We introduce a stochastic model of flow through highly heterogeneous, composite porous media that greatly improves estimates of pressure head statistics. Composite porous media consist of disjoint blocks of permeable materials, each block comprising a single material type. Within a composite medium, hydraulic conductivity can be represented through a pair of random processes: (1) a boundary process that determines block arrangement and extent and (2) a stationary process that defines conductivity within a given block. We obtain second-order statistics for hydraulic conductivity in the composite model and then contrast them with statistics obtained from a standard univariate model that ignores the boundary process and treats a composite medium as if it were statistically homogeneous. Next, we develop perturbation expansions for the first two moments of head and contrast them with expansions based on the homogeneous approximation. In most cases the bivariate model leads to much sharper perturbation approximations than does the usual model of flow through an undifferentiated material when both are applied to highly heterogeneous media. We make this statement precise. We illustrate the composite model with examples of one-dimensional flows which are interesting in their own right and which allow us to compare the accuracy of perturbation approximations of head statistics to exact analytical solutions. We also show the boundary process of our bivariate model is equivalent to the indicator functions often used to represent composite media in Monte Carlo simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - decomposition
KW  - effective
KW  - nonstationary
KW  - random
KW  - stochastic
KW  - upscaled
N1  - Accession Number: 87143724; Winter, C. L. 1; Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p23-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: effective; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonstationary; Author-Supplied Keyword: random; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: upscaled; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000450
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moran, Jean E.
AU  - Oktay, Sarah D.
AU  - Santschi, Peter H.
T1  - Sources of iodine and iodine 129 in rivers.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 24-1
EP  - 24-10
SN  - 00431397
AB  - A spatial survey of iodine and its long-lived isotope, 129I, in 40 rivers of the USA, Canada, and western Europe, reveals that the ratio of 129I/I is a sensitive indicator for the influence of nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities. Rivers with point sources for 129I in their watersheds are drastically affected, while all rivers sampled show evidence for atmospherically transported 129I from the world's major nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities. Varying mixtures of oceanic cyclic salt and soil-derived iodine account for the observed spatial variation in iodine concentrations. A comparison of 129I concentrations in river and rainwater reveals concentration effects due to evapotranspiration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - anthropogenic
KW  - iodine
KW  - iodine 129
KW  - nuclear
KW  - reprocessing
KW  - river
N1  - Accession Number: 87143726; Moran, Jean E. 1; Oktay, Sarah D. 2,3; Santschi, Peter H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 2: Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University; 3: Now at Environmental, Coastal and Ocean Sciences Department, University of Massachusetts, Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA 02125, USA.; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p24-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: anthropogenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: iodine; Author-Supplied Keyword: iodine 129; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear; Author-Supplied Keyword: reprocessing; Author-Supplied Keyword: river; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000622
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Guoping
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - Nonstationary stochastic analysis of flow in a heterogeneous semiconfined aquifer.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 30-1
EP  - 30-11
SN  - 00431397
AB  - In this study, we investigate two-dimensional flow through a heterogeneous, semiconfined aquifer. In the presence of leakage the mean flow varies in space and the fluctuations of the flow become nonstationary spatially. Such a situation calls for a nonstationary stochastic approach since the classical stationary stochastic approaches are no longer appropriate. We make use of a nonstationary spectral method to account for such nonstationarities in finite semiconfined aquifers. Analytical expressions are obtained for head and specific discharge covariances that account for the spatial variability in the mean flow but neglect the contributions of the finite boundaries. Closed-form analytical expressions for the variances of hydraulic head and specific discharge are derived. The statistical structures of the head and specific discharge fields are investigated in terms of the leakage factor and the spatial structure of hydraulic conductivity field. Results based on the nonstationary approach show that the stationary assumption is inappropriate even for a small leakage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - aquifer
KW  - flow
KW  - heterogeneous
KW  - nonstationary
KW  - semiconfined
KW  - stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 87143717; Lu, Guoping 1; Zhang, Dongxiao 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p30-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: aquifer; Author-Supplied Keyword: flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneous; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonstationary; Author-Supplied Keyword: semiconfined; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000546
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones-Oliveira, Janet B.
AU  - Fischer, Hans R.
T1  - Absolute and uniform convergence of alternate forms of the prolate spheroidal radial wave functions
JO  - Advances in Applied Mathematics
JF  - Advances in Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2002/08/02/
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 01968858
AB  - A new orthonormal basis set representation of the prolate spheroidal radial and angular wave functions is presented. The embedded series solutions to a fully-coupled fluid-solid interaction continuum physics problem is defined by product sets of Legendre polynomials and modified spherical Bessel functions of the first and third kinds. We prove that the embedded series solutions analytically converge absolutely and uniformly to the exact solutions of the system of coupled continuum equations. The satisfaction of the bilinear concomitant and its utility in establishing the convergence proofs is demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Applied Mathematics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPHEROIDAL functions
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
N1  - Accession Number: 8515973; Jones-Oliveira, Janet B. 1; Email Address: jjo@pnl.gov Fischer, Hans R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Theory, Modeling and Simulation Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, Richland, WA, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, Emeritus, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p311; Subject Term: SPHEROIDAL functions; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curtis, R.A.
AU  - Steinbrecher, C.
AU  - Heinemann, M.
AU  - Blanch, H.W.
AU  - Prausnitz, J.M.
T1  - Hydrophobic forces between protein molecules in aqueous solutions of concentrated electrolyte
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/08/02/
VL  - 98
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 03014622
AB  - Protein–protein interactions have been measured for a mutant (D101F) lysozyme and for native lysozyme in concentrated solutions of ammonium sulfate at pH 7 and sodium chloride at pH 4.5. In the mutant lysozyme, a surface aspartate residue has been replaced with a hydrophobic phenylalanine residue. The protein–protein interactions of D101F lysozyme are more attractive than those of native lysozyme for all conditions studied. The salt-induced attraction is correlated with a solvation potential of mean force given by the work required to desolvate the part of the protein surfaces that is buried by the protein–protein interaction. This work is proportional to the aqueous surface-tension increment of the salt and the fractional non-polar surface coverage of the protein. Experimental measurements of osmotic second virial coefficients validate a proposed potential of mean force that ascribes the salt-induced attraction between protein molecules to an enhancement of the hydrophobic attraction. This model provides a first approximation for predicting the protein–protein potential of mean force in concentrated aqueous electrolyte solutions; this potential is useful for determining solution conditions favorable for protein crystallization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN binding
KW  - LYSOZYMES
KW  - Hydrophobic effect
KW  - Intermolecular interactions
KW  - Lysozyme
KW  - Potentials of mean force
KW  - Salting-out
KW  - Salts
N1  - Accession Number: 7845825; Curtis, R.A. 1 Steinbrecher, C. 1 Heinemann, M. 1 Blanch, H.W.; Email Address: blanch@socrates.berkeley.edu Prausnitz, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 98 Issue 3, p249; Subject Term: PROTEIN binding; Subject Term: LYSOZYMES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrophobic effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermolecular interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lysozyme; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potentials of mean force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salting-out; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salts; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, R. Thomas
AU  - Hickman, David
AU  - Yamaguchi, Lance
AU  - Jackson, William
AU  - Hamilton, Terry
T1  - A Whole Body Counting Facility in a Remote Enewetak Island Setting.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Supplement
VL  - 83
M3  - Article
SP  - S22
EP  - S26
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has recently implemented a series of strategic initiatives to address long-term radiological surveillance needs at former U.S. test sites in the Marshall Islands. The plan is to engage local atoll communities in developing shared responsibilities for implementing radiation protection programs for resettled and resettling populations. As part of this new initiative, DOE agreed to design and construct a radiological laboratory on Enewetak Island, and help develop the necessary local resources to maintain and operate the facility. This cooperative effort was formalized in August 2000 between the DOE, the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), and the Enewetak/Ujelang Local Atoll Government (EULGOV). The laboratory facility was completed in May 2001. The laboratory incorporates both a permanent whole body counting system to assess internal exposures to 137Cs, and clean living space for people providing 24-h void urine samples. DOE continues to provide on-going technical assistance, training, and data quality review while EULGOV provides manpower and infrastructure development to sustain facility operations on a full-time basis. This paper will detail the special construction, transportation and installation issues in establishing a whole body counting facility in an isolated, harsh environmental setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - 137Cs
KW  - Marshall Islands
KW  - operational topic
KW  - whole body counting
N1  - Accession Number: 112165057; Bell, R. Thomas 1; Hickman, David 1; Yamaguchi, Lance 1; Jackson, William 1; Hamilton, Terry 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗ U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Health Studies, EH-6/270CC, Germantown, MD 20874-1290; † Health and Ecological Assessment Division, L-286, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-9900; ‡ Bechtel Nevada, P.O. Box 29939, Honolulu, HI 96820-2339.; Issue Info: Aug2002 Supplement, Vol. 83, pS22; Author-Supplied Keyword: 137Cs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Marshall Islands; Author-Supplied Keyword: operational topic; Author-Supplied Keyword: whole body counting; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Preparative liquid chromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2002/08/02/
VL  - 965
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The status of the theory and the main methods of implementation of preparative liquid chromatography are reviewed. On the theory front, the focus has recently shifted. The theory of non-linear, non-ideal chromatography has given rise to numerous models whose advantages, disadvantages and ranges of application are now well understood. Interest now resides in investigating the equilibrium thermodynamics of complex new systems, in the study of the kinetics of mass transfers in conventional chromatographic systems, and in the application of the various models of chromatography to optimize the experimental conditions. Progress in computer technology allows the use of sophisticated models, provided their parameters can be measured. This allows the detailed investigation of separations for which the mass transfer kinetics is slow such as chiral separations, the purification of basic compounds, and the extraction of recombinant proteins. On the applied front, in addition to numerous incremental improvements in reliability and economic performance, a few essential new features should be noted, i.e. the availability of instruments for simulated moving bed separations at the scale needed for preparative chiral separations, the use of expanded beds for the extraction of recombinant proteins from fermentation broths, and the attention given to improvements in the performance of packed beds. A survey of the literature dealing with practical applications and recent meetings shows that preparative chromatography is becoming a well established separation and purification method in the pharmaceutical industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Nonlinear theories
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Industrial chromatography
KW  - Models of chromatography
KW  - Non-linear chromatography
KW  - Preparative liquid chromatography
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Theory of chromatography
N1  - Accession Number: 8595337; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 965 Issue 1/2, p129; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Thermodynamics; Subject Term: Nonlinear theories; Subject Term: Mass transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Industrial chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-linear chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preparative liquid chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reviews; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory of chromatography; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perlow, Rebecca A.
AU  - Kolbanovskii, Alexander
AU  - Hingerty, Brian E.
AU  - Geacintov, Nicholas E.
AU  - Broyde, Suse
AU  - Scicchitano, David A.
T1  - DNA Adducts from a Tumorigenic Metabolite of Benzo[a]pyrene Block Human RNA Polymerase II Elongation in a Sequence- and Stereochemistry-dependent Manner
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/08/02/
VL  - 321
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Many carcinogens exert their cancer-causing effects by reacting with DNA either directly or following metabolic activation, resulting in covalently linked combination molecules known as carcinogen-DNA adducts. The presence of such lesions in the genome increases the error frequency of the replication machinery, causing mutations that contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer. Cellular DNA repair pathways remove carcinogen adducts from DNA, thus averting the mutagenic potential of many DNA lesions by reducing their presence in the genome. Bulky DNA adducts, like those derived from a number of activated environmental carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are primarily repaired by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER) preferentially removes lesions from the transcribed strand of actively expressed genes, and RNA polymerase II stalled at the lesion quite possibly initiates the pathway. Among the bulky DNA adducts that are subject to TC-NER are those resulting from the reaction of the metabolically activated PAH benzo[a]pyrene (BP) with DNA. The P450 mixed-function oxygenases convert BP into a number of reactive intermediates, including tumorigenic (+)- and non-tumorigenic (−)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) that react with DNA via trans epoxide opening to form (+)-trans-anti-[BP]-N2-dG ((+)-ta[BP]G) and (−)-trans-anti-[BP]-N2-dG ((−)-ta[BP]G), respectively. To test the effect of these lesions on RNA synthesis, in vitro transcription assays using human nuclear extracts were performed with DNA templates containing an RNAPII promoter and a stereochemically pure (+)- or (−)-ta[BP]G adduct on the transcribed or non-transcribed strand. Transcription past (+)- or (−)-ta[BP]G adducts was investigated in the same sequence context to examine stereochemical effects. The (+)-ta[BP]G adduct was investigated in two different local sequence contexts to determine if the surrounding bases influence the adduct''s ability to block transcription. These experiments revealed that (+)- and (−)-ta[BP]G adducts on the transcribed strand of the DNA template block RNAPII in a sequence and stereochemistry-dependent manner; however, adducts on the non-transcribed strand do not block elongation significantly but may increase pausing at innate pause sites. In order to elucidate biologically influential differences between the (+)- and (−)-ta[BP]G structures, the DUPLEX program was used to carry out potential energy minimization searches at model transcription junctions. The lowest-energy minimum for the (+)-ta[BP]G adduct gives a structure in which the benzo[a]pyrenyl ring system resides in the minor groove of the heteroduplex region. In contrast, the lowest-energy minimum for a (−)-ta[BP]G adduct shows an orientation in which the benzo[a]pyrenyl group adopts a carcinogen/base-stacked conformation. These conformational preferences may contribute to the differential treatment of (+)- and (−)-ta[BP]G adducts by human RNAPII. In addition, while previous experiments showed that BPDE adducts cause T7RNAP to produce a ladder of truncated transcripts, RNAPII is blocked entirely at only one or two positions by the (+)- and (−)-ta[BP]G adducts, depending on sequence context. It is likely that these differences between the behaviors of T7RNAP and human RNAPII are a result of the structural characteristics of the enzymes'' active sites, a hypothesis that is explored in light of their known crystal structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - BENZOPYRENE
KW  - (−)-anti-BPDE, (−)-7(S),8(R),9(R),10(S) BPDE
KW  - (−)-ca[BP]G, (−)-cis-anti-[BP]-N2-deoxyguanosine
KW  - (−)-ta[BP]G, (−)-trans-anti-[BP]-N2 deoxyguanosine
KW  - (+)-anti-BPDE, (+)-7(R),8(S),9(S),10(R) BPDE
KW  - (+)-ca[BP]G, (+)-cis-anti-[BP]-N2-deoxyguanosine
KW  - (+)-ta[BP]G, (+)-trans-anti-[BP]-N2 deoxyguanosine
KW  - benzo[a]pyrene
KW  - BP, benzo[a]pyrene
KW  - BPDE, 7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxybenzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide
KW  - CMV, cytomegalovirus
KW  - DNA adduct stereochemistry
KW  - GG-NER, global genomic nucleotide excision repair
KW  - NER, nucleotide excision repair
KW  - PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
KW  - RNA polymerase II
KW  - RNAPII, RNA polymerase II
KW  - T7RNAP, T7 RNA polymerase
KW  - TC-NER, transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair
KW  - transcription
KW  - transcription junction structure
N1  - Accession Number: 9427432; Perlow, Rebecca A. 1 Kolbanovskii, Alexander 2 Hingerty, Brian E. 3 Geacintov, Nicholas E. 2 Broyde, Suse 1 Scicchitano, David A. 1; Email Address: das2@nyu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Mail Code 5181, New York, NY 10003, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Mail Code 5180, New York, NY 10003, USA  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 321 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: BENZOPYRENE; Author-Supplied Keyword: (−)-anti-BPDE, (−)-7(S),8(R),9(R),10(S) BPDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: (−)-ca[BP]G, (−)-cis-anti-[BP]-N2-deoxyguanosine; Author-Supplied Keyword: (−)-ta[BP]G, (−)-trans-anti-[BP]-N2 deoxyguanosine; Author-Supplied Keyword: (+)-anti-BPDE, (+)-7(R),8(S),9(S),10(R) BPDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: (+)-ca[BP]G, (+)-cis-anti-[BP]-N2-deoxyguanosine; Author-Supplied Keyword: (+)-ta[BP]G, (+)-trans-anti-[BP]-N2 deoxyguanosine; Author-Supplied Keyword: benzo[a]pyrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: BP, benzo[a]pyrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: BPDE, 7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxybenzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMV, cytomegalovirus; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA adduct stereochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: GG-NER, global genomic nucleotide excision repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: NER, nucleotide excision repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA polymerase II; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNAPII, RNA polymerase II; Author-Supplied Keyword: T7RNAP, T7 RNA polymerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: TC-NER, transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcription; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcription junction structure; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berenov, A.
AU  - Purnell, A.
AU  - Zhukov, A.
AU  - Malde, N.
AU  - Bugoslavsky, Y.
AU  - Cohen, L.F.
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J.L.
AU  - Foltyn, S.J.
AU  - Dowden, P.
T1  - Microstructural characterisation of high <f>Jc</f>, YBCO thick films grown at very high rates and high temperatures by PLD
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 683
SN  - 09214534
AB  - In order to achieve scalability in processing of IBAD conductors for commercial applications, rapid YBCO film growth rates are required. In this work, scanning Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and, microwave surface resistance have been used to study high rate grown YBCO films. The films were grown by pulsed laser deposition on (1 0 0) SrTiO<f>3</f> using a high power industrial laser at growth temperatures from 750 to 870 <f>°</f>C and growth rates up to 4 <f>μ</f>m/min. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - Cation disorder
KW  - Pulsed laser deposition
KW  - Raman spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8789822; Berenov, A. 1; Email Address: a.berenov@ic.ac.uk Purnell, A. 1 Zhukov, A. 1 Malde, N. 1 Bugoslavsky, Y. 1 Cohen, L.F. 1 MacManus-Driscoll, J.L. 1 Foltyn, S.J. 2 Dowden, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Center for High Temperature Superconductivity, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK  2: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p683; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cation disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Su, J.H.
AU  - Atwell, S.L.
AU  - Castillo, O.
AU  - Durbin, S.M.
AU  - Salvador, P.A.
AU  - Sastry, P.V.P.S.S.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - Growth of superconducting (Hg,Re)Ba<f>2CaCu2Oy</f> thin films on Ag by pulsed laser deposition
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 782
SN  - 09214534
AB  - (Hg,Re)Ba<f>2CaCu2Oy</f> thin films have been fabricated on Ag by reacting laser deposited ReBaCaCuO precursor films with <f>CaHgO2</f> in sealed quartz tubes. The as-prepared films exhibit excellent phase purity and c-axis texture, characterized by an onset superconducting transition temperature (<f>Tc</f>) of 124 K. The microstructures of the films examined by environmental scanning electron microscope revealed HgRe1212 crystals are plate-like and can grow and connect to each other with different ab-plane orientations. The irreversibility behavior and the temperature dependence of magnetization critical current density <f>Jc</f>, estimated by using Bean''s model, are also reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - SILVER
KW  - Ag
KW  - HgRe1212
KW  - Laser deposition
KW  - Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 8789926; Su, J.H. 1,2; Email Address: jhsu@magnet.fsu.edu Atwell, S.L. 2 Castillo, O. 2 Durbin, S.M. 2 Salvador, P.A. 3 Sastry, P.V.P.S.S. 1 Schwartz, J. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: FAMU––FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p782; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: SILVER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ag; Author-Supplied Keyword: HgRe1212; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Kim, K.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Sales, B.C.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F.
AU  - Kroeger, D.M.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Cantoni, C.
T1  - (La,Sr)TiO3 as a conductive buffer for RABiTS coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 818
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We report on the epitaxial growth of LaTiO3 on biaxially textured (0 0 1) Ni. This investigation centers around the potential use of (La,Sr)TiO3 as a conductive buffer layer for subsequent growth of high temperature superconducting films for coated conductors. Epitaxy of LaTiO3 on Ni is achieved using pulsed-laser deposition. Excellent in-plane and out-of-plane alignment is confirmed via X-ray diffraction. For undoped LaTiO3 films, the oxide/metal interface is not stable against substrate oxidation, reflective of the propensity of LaTiO3 to accommodate excess oxygen in the lattice. Future work will focus on Sr-doped LaTiO3 films as this should alleviate these limitations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - Buffer layers
KW  - Coated conductors
KW  - Epitaxial films
KW  - Wires
N1  - Accession Number: 8789937; Norton, D.P. 1 Kim, K. 1 Christen, D.K. 2 Budai, J.D. 2 Sales, B.C. 2 Chisholm, M.F. 2 Kroeger, D.M. 2 Goyal, A. 2 Cantoni, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p818; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxial films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wires; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balachandran, U.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Fisher, B.F.
AU  - Ma, B.
T1  - Development of YBCO-coated conductors for electric power applications
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 869
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Biaxially textured MgO template films have been fabricated on a Ni-based alloy substrate (Hastelloy C276) by inclined-substrate deposition (ISD), using electron beam evaporation, at the high deposition rate of 120–300 nm/min. Buffer films were subsequently deposited on these template films, and YBCO films were finally deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Crystal textures of the YBCO films were examined by X-ray pole figure, <f>φ</f>- and <f>ω</f>-scans analysis. Good in-plane and out-of-plane textures were observed, with MgO(0 0 2) <f>φ</f>-scan full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of 10.0<f>°</f> and <f>ω</f>-scan FWHM of 5.5<f>°</f>, for a film deposited with an incline angle of 55<f>°</f>. YBCO films were epitaxially grown on ISD MgO-buffered Hastelloy C276 substrates by PLD. <f>Tc</f> of 90 K with sharp transition and transport <f>Jc</f> of <f>&ap;</f><f>1.4×105</f> A/cm<f>2</f> were obtained on a 0.5-<f>μ</f>m-thick YBCO film at 77 K in zero field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Biaxial texture
KW  - Inclined-substrate deposition
KW  - MgO
KW  - Superconducting thin film
KW  - YBCO-coated conductor
N1  - Accession Number: 8789952; Balachandran, U.; Email Address: balu@anl.gov Li, M. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Fisher, B.F. 1 Ma, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p869; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biaxial texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inclined-substrate deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting thin film; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO-coated conductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yuan, Y.
AU  - Williams, R.K.
AU  - Jiang, J.
AU  - Larbalestier, D.C.
AU  - Cai, X.Y.
AU  - Rikel, M.O.
AU  - DeMoranville, K.L.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Li, Q.
AU  - Thompson, E.
AU  - Riley Jr., G.N.
AU  - Hellstrom, E.E.
T1  - Overpressure processing of Ag-sheathed (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O<f>x</f> tapes
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 883
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Heat treatments of monocore and multifilament Ag-sheathed 2223 tape were carried out using overpressure (OP) processing in a static and a flow OP system between 125 and 180 bar. Mass density measurements and microstructural observations of the oxide core show that OP processing densified the core, achieving up to <f>95±1</f>% of the theoretical density. Our first runs in the flow OP system yielded <f>Jc</f> as high as 41 kA/cm<f>2</f> (0 T, 77 K), which is 89% of <f>Jc</f> in a fully processed tape with an optimized conventional heat treatment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
KW  - BSCCO-2223
KW  - Critical current density
KW  - Overpressure processing
N1  - Accession Number: 8789957; Yuan, Y. 1,2 Williams, R.K. 3 Jiang, J. 1 Larbalestier, D.C. 1,2 Cai, X.Y. 1 Rikel, M.O. 1,4 DeMoranville, K.L. 5 Huang, Y. 5 Li, Q. 5 Thompson, E. 5 Riley Jr., G.N. 5 Hellstrom, E.E. 1,2; Email Address: hellstrom@engr.wisc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Applied Superconductivity Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Nexans SuperConductors, ChemiePark Knapsack, D-50351 Hürth, Germany  5: American Superconductor Corporation, Westborough, MA 01581, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p883; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: BSCCO-2223; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overpressure processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trociewitz, U.P.
AU  - van Eck, H.J.N.
AU  - van der Laan, D.C.
AU  - Thompson, S.H.
AU  - Mbaruku, A.
AU  - Weijers, H.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - HTS conductor characterization at 27 K
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 974
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A Ne-liquefaction system and cryostat has been developed and built to characterize the electrical and mechanical properties of HTS conductors at elevated temperatures. The device makes use of a coil type condenser inside the experiment dewar, which is fed by LHe. Ne-gas entering the dewar at room temperature, liquefies on the coil windings and drips to the bottom of the dewar, where the experiment is located. He-gas and Ne-gas are recovered. Approximately 1.5 l of LNe was condensed into the dewar in about 1 h after precooling of the dewar. The device has been used successfully to measure zero-field and in-field transport properties of Bi-2223 and YBCO high-temperature superconductors at 27 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NEON
KW  - GASES -- Liquefaction
KW  - Liquefaction
KW  - Liquid neon
KW  - Mechanical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 8789985; Trociewitz, U.P. 1; Email Address: trociew@magnet.fsu.edu van Eck, H.J.N. 2 van der Laan, D.C. 1,2 Thompson, S.H. 1 Mbaruku, A. 1 Weijers, H. 1 Schwartz, J. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Applied Physics, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands  3: FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p974; Subject Term: NEON; Subject Term: GASES -- Liquefaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquefaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid neon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van der Laan, D.C.
AU  - van Eck, H.J.N.
AU  - Davidson, M.W.
AU  - ten Haken, B.
AU  - ten Kate, H.H.J.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - Magneto-optical imaging study of the crack formation in superconducting tapes caused by applied strain
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 1020
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The crack formation in filaments of multi-filamentary Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>Ca<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>x</f> tapes as function of applied longitudinal strain is visualized by means of magneto-optical imaging. Strain is applied at the desired temperature inside a helium flow cryostat. Cracks form transverse to the current carrying direction of the filaments. Before the tape breaks entirely, all filaments have formed a large number of transverse cracks, spaced with an average crack distance of <f>&ap;</f>200 <f>μ</f>m. The crack formation is compared with the degradation of the critical current as a function of the applied strain. The critical current degrades already before the first crack is observed. This is explained by the limited number of filaments visible in the experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MAGNETOOPTICS
KW  - METAL fibers
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Crack formation
KW  - Longitudinal strain
KW  - Magneto-optical imaging
KW  - Superconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 8790012; van der Laan, D.C. 1,2; Email Address: danko@magnet.fsu.edu van Eck, H.J.N. 1 Davidson, M.W. 2 ten Haken, B. 1 ten Kate, H.H.J. 1 Schwartz, J. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p1020; Subject Term: MAGNETOOPTICS; Subject Term: METAL fibers; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Longitudinal strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-optical imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van der Laan, D.C.
AU  - van Eck, H.J.N.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
AU  - ten Haken, B.
AU  - ten Kate, H.H.J.
T1  - Interpretation of the critical current in Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>Ca<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>x</f> tape conductors as parallel weak-link and strong-link paths
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 1024
SN  - 09214534
AB  - To better understand the dominant mechanisms that limit the critical current density in high temperature superconductors, the dependence of the critical current density on magnetic field and temperature of Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>Ca<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>x</f> tapes is measured in magnetic fields up to 8 T and temperatures between 4.2 and 100 K. The results were modeled by describing the current in the tape as two parallel current paths. The critical current density of one path is limited by weak links and that of the other path by intragranular flux pinning. The temperature dependence of the parameters used in the model indicates that the weak link contribution vanishes at a temperature of 86 K. This is an indication that the weak link behavior is dominated by a remnant Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>CaCu<f>2</f>O<f>x</f> phase. At higher temperatures the critical current density of the tape is limited by intragranular pinning. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Critical current
KW  - Strong links
KW  - Superconductors
KW  - Weak links
N1  - Accession Number: 8790014; van der Laan, D.C. 1,2; Email Address: danko@magnet.fsu.edu van Eck, H.J.N. 1 Schwartz, J. 2,3 ten Haken, B. 1 ten Kate, H.H.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p1024; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strong links; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weak links; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berenov, A.
AU  - Farvacque, C.
AU  - Qi, X.
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J.L.
AU  - MacPhail, D.
AU  - Foltyn, S.
T1  - Ca doping of YBCO grain boundaries
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 1059
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Ca-gels were applied to highly dense YBCO pellets and PLD thin films followed by high temperature post-annealing. Parameters of Ca diffusion in YBCO (diffusion coefficients, activation energy, etc.) as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure were determined by depth profiling SIMS. Fast Ca diffusion along the grain boundaries was observed by FIB and SIMS. The effect of Ca doping on <f>Tc</f> and <f>Jc</f> was studied by VSM. Ca distribution in the samples, induced by preferential diffusion along the grain boundaries, did not appear to change superconducting properties within the grains but showed increased <f>Jc</f> across the grain boundaries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - Doping
KW  - Grain boundaries
KW  - SIMS
N1  - Accession Number: 8790047; Berenov, A. 1; Email Address: a.berenov@ic.ac.uk Farvacque, C. 1 Qi, X. 1 MacManus-Driscoll, J.L. 1 MacPhail, D. 1 Foltyn, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Imperial College, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK  2: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p1059; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carrillo, A.E.
AU  - Rodrıguez Jr., P.
AU  - Puig, T.
AU  - Palau, A.
AU  - Obradors, X.
AU  - Zheng, H.
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Chen, L.
AU  - Veal, B.W.
AU  - Claus, H.
AU  - Crabtree, G.W.
T1  - Growth and microstructure of MTG REBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7</f>/RE<f>′2</f>BaCuO<f>5</f> with heavy rare earth elements
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 1119
SN  - 09214534
AB  - New melt textured REBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7</f>/RE<f>′2</f>BaCuO<f>5</f> composites, have been obtained by top seeding melt-texturing growth. Two different starting mixtures of REBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7</f> superconducting powders and insulating Y<f>2</f>BaCuO<f>5</f> phase were used. On one hand RE is a natural mixture of heavy rare earth elements (Y, Yb, Lu, Er, Dy, Tm, Ho) extracted from the Brazilian mineral “Xenotime”, and on the other hand, RE is thulium. In both cases melt textured REBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7</f>/RE<f>′2</f>BaCuO<f>5</f> composites have been obtained where RE and RE<f>′</f> are different mixtures of heavy rare earth/yttrium and Tm/yttrium.The composition analysis shows different areas within the RE<f>′2</f>BaCuO<f>5</f> as a consequence of an inhomogeneous RE distribution, due to the differential solubility of each rare earth in the high temperature semisolid state. During the crystallization process a profound inversion of the rare earth composition between the superconducting matrix and the insulating precipitates occurs. Yttrium is selectively located in the 123 matrix and RE in the 211 particles. Heavy RE ions can substitute yttrium in MTG REBCO without degradation of the superconducting properties. A model for the crystallization process is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - Critical currents
KW  - Growth
KW  - Melt textured
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 8790084; Carrillo, A.E. 1 Rodrıguez Jr., P. 1 Puig, T. 1 Palau, A. 1 Obradors, X. 1 Zheng, H. 2 Welp, U. 2 Chen, L. 2 Veal, B.W. 2 Claus, H. 2,3 Crabtree, G.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p1119; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melt textured; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andreone, A.
AU  - Cassinese, A.
AU  - Cantoni, C.
AU  - Di Gennaro, E.
AU  - Lamura, G.
AU  - Maglione, M.G.
AU  - Paranthaman, M.
AU  - Salluzzo, M.
AU  - Vaglio, R.
T1  - Study of the microwave electrodynamic response of MgB2 thin films
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/02/Aug2002 Part 2
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 1287
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present a study on the power dependence of the microwave surface impedance in thin films of the novel superconductor MgB2. 500 nm thick samples exhibiting critical temperatures ranging between 26 and 38 K are synthesized by an ex situ post-anneal of e-beam evaporated boron in the presence of an Mg vapor at 900 <f>°</f>C. Preliminary results on films grown in situ by a high rate magnetron sputtering technique from stoichiometric MgB2 and Mg targets are also reported. Microwave measurements have been carried out employing a dielectrically loaded niobium superconducting cavity operating at 19.8 GHz and 4 K. The study shows that the electrodynamic response of MgB2 films is presently dominated by extrinsic sources of dissipation, appearing already at low microwave power, likely to be ascribed to the presence of grain boundaries and normal inclusions in the samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELECTRIC impedance
KW  - MgB2 superconductor
KW  - Microwave surface impedance
KW  - Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 8790230; Andreone, A. 1; Email Address: andreone@unina.it Cassinese, A. 1 Cantoni, C. 2 Di Gennaro, E. 1 Lamura, G. 1 Maglione, M.G. 1 Paranthaman, M. 2 Salluzzo, M. 1 Vaglio, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: INFM and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Facoltà di Ingegneria, Piazzale Tecchio 80, I-80125 Napoli, Italy  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 2, Vol. 372-376, p1287; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELECTRIC impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2 superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microwave surface impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, F.
AU  - Ralph, J.M.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
T1  - High-temperature mechanical properties of anode-supported bilayers
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/08/02/
VL  - 149
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Mechanical properties of a porous substrate of 40 vol.% Ni–60 vol.% yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), a Ni–YSZ functional layer, and a YSZ electrolyte layer were measured in compression from 1000 to 1200 °C. The anode-supported bilayer is brittle for temperatures <1100 °C, but exhibits plasticity for higher temperatures. The plasticity is controlled by the Ni phase. Therefore, steady-state creep may limit the operational stress-temperature range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - Anode-supported bilayers
KW  - Creep
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - SOFC
N1  - Accession Number: 7841506; Gutierrez-Mora, F. 1 Ralph, J.M. 2 Routbort, J.L. 1; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 149 Issue 3/4, p177; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anode-supported bilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOFC; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Speakman, S.A.
AU  - Richardson, J.W.
AU  - Mitchell, B.J.
AU  - Misture, S.T.
T1  - In-situ diffraction study of Ba2In2O5
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/08/02/
VL  - 149
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 01672738
AB  - In-situ neutron and X-ray diffraction experiments were used to determine the crystal structure of Ba2In2O5 as related to temperature. Ba2In2O5 has a Brownmillerite-type crystal structure from room temperature to 900 °C, consisting of an orthorhombic unit cell with lattice parameters 6.0864(3)×16.7903(7)×5.9697(3) A˚ and Icmm (74) space group symmetry. At 900 °C, oxygen vacancies begin to disorder. By 925 °C, barium indate crystallizes in a tetragonal, 6.0348(4)×17.0688(22) A˚, unit cell with I4cm (108) space group symmetry. This oxygen vacancy order–disorder transition is associated with an evolution to fast oxide-ion conduction. At 1040 °C, Ba2In2O5 becomes a cubic oxygen-deficient perovskite, 4.2743(1) A˚, in the Pm3m space group. At 1080 °C, Ba2In2O5 begins to decompose. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7841514; Speakman, S.A. 1 Richardson, J.W. 2 Mitchell, B.J. 2 Misture, S.T. 1; Email Address: misture@alfred.edu; Affiliation:  1: NYS College of Ceramics, Alfred University, 2 Pine Street, Alfred, NY 14802 USA  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 So. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 149 Issue 3/4, p247; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weijers, H.W.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
AU  - ten Haken, B.
T1  - Bi-based HTS insert coils at high stress levels
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/03/Aug2002 Part 3
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 1364
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Bi-2212 and Bi-2223 conductors from commercial sources are wound into double pancakes using the react and wind approach. One of the Bi-2223 conductors as supplied is reinforced with stainless steel strips. <f>I–V</f> characterization at 4.2 K until failure of the pancakes, in a 19 T–0.17 m cold bore magnet assembly, is performed. This gives insight in the operational limits of these conductors in conditions representative of insert magnets. The results are compared to the linear stress–strain properties of the conductors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - Bi-2212
KW  - Bi-2223
KW  - React and wind
KW  - Strain
N1  - Accession Number: 8790298; Weijers, H.W. 1; Email Address: weijers@magnet.fsu.edu Schwartz, J. 2 ten Haken, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, 32310 Tallahassee, FL, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 32310 Tallahassee, FL, USA  3: Low Temperature Division, Department of Applied Physics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 3, Vol. 372-376, p1364; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2212; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2223; Author-Supplied Keyword: React and wind; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolsky, A.M.
T1  - The status and prospects for flywheels and SMES that incorporate HTS
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/03/Aug2002 Part 3
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 1495
SN  - 09214534
AB  - With one firm offering to provide SMES with HTS current leads and several other entities developing flywheels with bearings that incorporate bulk ReBaCuO, the progress made toward meeting their technical goals appears promising. Another question needs attention from the research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) community: “Will technical success yield equipment that will sell?” Here, we recall what is being done and review issues touching on the specifications for equipment that customers might want. These specifications pose technical challenges that have received little attention from the community. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FLYWHEELS
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - Energy storage
KW  - Fluctuations
KW  - Flywheel
KW  - Power quality monitoring
KW  - Real-time prices
KW  - SMES
N1  - Accession Number: 8790343; Wolsky, A.M. 1; Email Address: awolsky@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 3, Vol. 372-376, p1495; Subject Term: FLYWHEELS; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flywheel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power quality monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Real-time prices; Author-Supplied Keyword: SMES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suenaga, M.
T1  - AC losses in stacked Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10/Ag tapes with different stacking arrangements
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/03/Aug2002 Part 3
VL  - 372-376
M3  - Article
SP  - 1730
SN  - 09214534
AB  - AC losses in perpendicular applied magnetic fields were measured for stacks of Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>Ca<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>10</f>/Ag tapes having two different tape-stacking arrangements, straight and staggered tapes. Although the losses were the same at high fields, (above full penetration fields), they were significantly different at low fields. Also, a comparison of the losses was made in single stacks with and without paper insulation between the tapes in the stacks while the heights of the stacks were kept the same. These results were qualitatively explained by considering the relative ease of the magnetic flux penetration into the tapes in the stacks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - BISMUTH compounds
KW  - AC losses
KW  - AC magnetic fields
KW  - Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>Ca<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>10</f>/Ag tapes
N1  - Accession Number: 8790405; Suenaga, M. 1; Email Address: mas@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials and Chemical Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Building 480, 76 Cornell, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Aug2002 Part 3, Vol. 372-376, p1730; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: BISMUTH compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: AC losses; Author-Supplied Keyword: AC magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>Ca<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>10</f>/Ag tapes; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Tammy P.
AU  - Sauer, Nancy N.
T1  - Beryllium colorimetric detection for high speed monitoring of laboratory environments
JO  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
Y1  - 2002/08/05/
VL  - 93
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 03043894
AB  - The health consequences of beryllium (Be2+) exposure can be severe. Beryllium is responsible for a debilitating and potentially fatal lung disease, chronic beryllium disease (CBD) resulting from inhalation of beryllium particles. The US Code of Federal Register (CFR), 10 CFR 850, has established a limit of 0.2 μg beryllium/100 cm2 as the maximum amount of beryllium allowable on surfaces to be released from beryllium work areas in Department of Energy (DOE) facilities. The analytical technique described herein reduces the time and cost of detecting beryllium on laboratory working surfaces substantially. The technique provides a positive colorimetric response to the presence of beryllium on a <F>30.5 cm×30.5</F> cm (1 ft2) surface at a minimum detection of 0.2 μg/100 cm2. The method has been validated to provide positive results for beryllium in the presence of excess iron, calcium, magnesium, copper, nickel, chromium and lead at concentrations 100 times that of beryllium and aluminum and uranium (UO22+) at lesser concentrations. The colorimetric detection technique has also been validated to effectively detect solid forms of beryllium including Be(OH)2, BeCl2, BeSO4, beryllium metal and BeO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - COLORIMETRY
KW  - BIOLOGICAL monitoring
KW  - TOXICOLOGICAL chemistry
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Chrome azurol S
KW  - Colorimetric detection
KW  - Colorimetry
KW  - Monitoring
N1  - Accession Number: 7850918; Taylor, Tammy P. 1 Sauer, Nancy N.; Email Address: nsauer@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division (C-SIC), Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 93 Issue 3, p271; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: COLORIMETRY; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL monitoring; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGICAL chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beryllium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chrome azurol S; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colorimetric detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monitoring; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - McGuire, Raymond
T1  - Oxidative decontamination of chemical and biological warfare agents using L-Gel
JO  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
Y1  - 2002/08/05/
VL  - 93
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
SN  - 03043894
AB  - A decontamination method has been developed using a single reagent that is effective both against chemical warfare (CW) and biological warfare (BW) agents. The new reagent, “L-Gel”, consists of an aqueous solution of a mild commercial oxidizer, Oxone™, together with a commercial fumed silica gelling agent, Cab-O-Sil EH-5. L-Gel is non-toxic, environmentally friendly, relatively non-corrosive, maximizes contact time because of its thixotropic nature, clings to walls and ceilings, and does not harm carpets or painted surfaces. The new reagent also addresses the most demanding requirements for decontamination in the civilian sector, including availability, low maintenance, ease of application and deployment by a variety of dispersal mechanisms, minimal training and acceptable expense. Experiments to test the effectiveness of L-Gel were conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and independently at four other locations. L-Gel was tested against all classes of chemical warfare agents and against various biological warfare agent surrogates, including spore-forming bacteria and non-virulent strains of real biological agents. Testing showed that L-Gel is as effective against chemical agents and biological materials, including spores, as the best military decontaminants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DECONTAMINATION (From gases, chemicals, etc.)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL decontamination
KW  - Biological warfare agent
KW  - Chemical warfare agent
KW  - Decontamination
KW  - Detoxification
KW  - Remediation
N1  - Accession Number: 7850923; Raber, Ellen; Email Address: raber1@llnl.gov McGuire, Raymond 1; Affiliation:  1: Environment Protection Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-626, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 93 Issue 3, p339; Subject Term: DECONTAMINATION (From gases, chemicals, etc.); Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL decontamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decontamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detoxification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remediation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaillard, Mary K.
AU  - Giedt, Joel
T1  - Modular-invariant anomalous <f>U(1)</f> breaking
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/08/05/
VL  - 636
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We describe the effective supergravity theory present below the scale of spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking due to an anomalous <f>U(1)</f>, obtained by integrating out tree-level interactions of massive modes. A simple case is examined in some detail. We find that the effective theory can be expressed in the linear multiplet formulation, with some interesting consequences. Among them, the modified linearity conditions lead to new interactions not present in the theory without an anomalous <f>U(1)</f>. These additional interactions are compactly expressed through a superfield functional. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SUPERGRAVITY
KW  - LINEAR operators
N1  - Accession Number: 7838699; Gaillard, Mary K. 1; Email Address: mkgaillard@lbl.gov Giedt, Joel 1; Email Address: jtgiedt@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, and Theoretical Physics Group, 50A-5101, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 636 Issue 1/2, p365; Subject Term: SUPERGRAVITY; Subject Term: LINEAR operators; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Art J.
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
AU  - Roos, Joseph W.
T1  - Comprehensive characterization of engine deposits from fuel containing MMT®
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2002/08/05/
VL  - 295
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 00489697
AB  - Combustion chamber deposits from a 1996 GM3800 engine operating on a base fuel or the base fuel containing the organometallic antiknock additive methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl were examined. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis were performed to identify the morphology and the bulk chemical composition. Glow-Discharge Mass Spectrometry and X-ray Diffraction analyses were also used to characterize the bulk chemical composition and crystalline structure of the deposits. In addition, X-ray photoemission and X-ray photoabsorption spectra for the deposits were compared to a series of Mn compounds to model and aid quantification of the constituents. Results reveal a mixture of Ca-sulfate, Mn-phosphate and Mn-oxide in the bulk of the deposits and a mixture of Mn-sulfate, Mn-phosphate and Mn-oxide on the surface of the deposits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GASOLINE -- Anti-knock & anti-knock mixtures
KW  - CARBONYL compounds
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - Antiknock
KW  - Bulk
KW  - Ca-sulfate
KW  - Combustion chamber deposits
KW  - Composition
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Mn-phosphate
N1  - Accession Number: 7841101; Nelson, Art J. 1; Email Address: nelson63@llnl.gov Reynolds, John G. 1 Roos, Joseph W. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Eng. Division, 700 East Avenue L-370, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Ethyl Corporation, Richmond, VA 23217, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 295 Issue 1-3, p183; Subject Term: GASOLINE -- Anti-knock & anti-knock mixtures; Subject Term: CARBONYL compounds; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiknock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ca-sulfate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion chamber deposits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mn-phosphate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415290 Other new motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiflet, G.J.
AU  - Hackenberg, R.E.
T1  - Partitioning and the growth of bainite
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/08/05/
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 13596462
N1  - Accession Number: 8777249; Shiflet, G.J. 1; Email Address: gjs@virginia.edu Hackenberg, R.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4745, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 47 Issue 3, p163; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Electronic states of the superheavy element 113 and (113)H
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/08/06/
VL  - 361
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 397
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We have carried out relativistic complete active space multi-configuration interaction followed by multi-reference configuration interaction computations including spin–orbit effects for the electronic states of the superheavy element 113 and (113)H. It is demonstrated that (113)H exhibits unusually short bond length and large dissociation energy due to large relativistic effects including spin–orbit effects. The 6d-spin–orbit-correlation effects are shown to be very important for (113)H. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - SUPERHEAVY elements
N1  - Accession Number: 9584254; Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, Hertz Hall, Bldg 661, College of Engineering, University of California at Davis, P.O. Box 808, L-794, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Glenn T Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 361 Issue 5/6, p397; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: SUPERHEAVY elements; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Merkulov, Vladimir I.
AU  - Melechko, A.V.
AU  - Guillorn, M.A.
AU  - Lowndes, D.H.
AU  - Simpson, M.L.
T1  - Growth rate of plasma-synthesized vertically aligned carbon nanofibers
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/08/06/
VL  - 361
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 492
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) were synthesized by direct-current plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using acetylene and ammonia as the gas source. The mechanisms responsible for changing the nanofiber growth rate were studied and phenomenological models are proposed. The feedstock for VACNF growth is suggested to consist mainly of radicals formed in the plasma and not the unexcited acetylene gas molecules. The growth rate is shown to increase dramatically by changing the radical transport mechanism from diffusive to forced flow, which was accomplished by increasing the gas flow in the direction perpendicular to the substrate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 9584267; Merkulov, Vladimir I. 1; Email Address: merkulovvi@ornl.gov Melechko, A.V. 1,2 Guillorn, M.A. 1,3 Lowndes, D.H. 4 Simpson, M.L. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Center of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  4: Thin Film and Nanostructured Materials Physics Group, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 361 Issue 5/6, p492; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Austin, Derek W.
AU  - Puretzky, Alex A.
AU  - Geohegan, David B.
AU  - Britt, Phillip F.
AU  - Guillorn, Michael A.
AU  - Simpson, Michael L.
T1  - The electrodeposition of metal at metal/carbon nanotube junctions
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/08/06/
VL  - 361
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We deposited a semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube on Pd electrodes, and the initial charge transport measurements showed the usual large contact resistance between the electrodes and the nanotube. We electroplated Au over the electrodes with no obvious deposition of Au along the sidewalls of the nanotube between the electrodes. Post deposition charge transport measurements indicated more than a factor of six decrease in the electrode/nanotube contact resistance, yet the semiconducting behavior of the nanotube was maintained. A significant difference in the post deposition <f>I–V</f> characteristics may be explained by an electronic or mechanical modification of the nanotube/electrode junction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 9584272; Austin, Derek W. 1 Puretzky, Alex A. 2 Geohegan, David B. 3 Britt, Phillip F. 4 Guillorn, Michael A. 1,2,5 Simpson, Michael L. 1,2,5; Email Address: simpsonml1@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Material Science and Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6006, USA  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6006, USA  5: Molecular-Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 361 Issue 5/6, p525; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoo, K.
AU  - Tang, S.J.
AU  - Sprunger, P.T.
AU  - Benito, I.
AU  - Ortega, J.
AU  - Flores, F.
AU  - Snijders, P.C.
AU  - Demeter, M.C.
AU  - Weitering, H.H.
T1  - Electronic structure of a surface quantum-wire array
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/08/10/
VL  - 514
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 100
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The Ga/Si(1 1 2) interface consists of a self-assembled, mesoscopic array of “atomic wires” on a high-index Si(1 1 2) surface. The structural uniformity of the atomic-wires or “quantum-wire array” appears far superior to those created by nano-lithography or STM atom manipulation, which presents an interesting opportunity to explore electronic transport in atomic wires of mesoscopic length. The structure and electronic structure of the atomic-wire array is investigated by means of first-principles total-energy calculations and photoemission experiments. The electronic conduction channels appear to be orthogonal to the crystallographic chains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - and topography
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Gallium
KW  - High index single crystal surfaces
KW  - morphology
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 7851382; Yoo, K. 1,2 Tang, S.J. 1,2 Sprunger, P.T. 3 Benito, I. 4 Ortega, J. 4 Flores, F. 4 Snijders, P.C. 5 Demeter, M.C. 5 Weitering, H.H. 5; Email Address: hanno@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70806, USA  4: Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Fısica Teórica de la Materia Condensata, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain  5: Department of Applied Physics and DIMES, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 514 Issue 1-3, p100; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium; Author-Supplied Keyword: High index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esbensen, H.
AU  - Bertsch, G.F.
T1  - Higher-order effects in the two-body breakup of 17F
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/08/12/
VL  - 706
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The two-body breakup <f>17F→16O+p</f> on Ni and Pb targets at 10–40 MeV<f>/</f>u is calculated by solving the time-dependent Schro¨dinger equation numerically. Both Coulomb and the nuclear potentials are important in these reactions, but the Coulomb contribution cannot be calculated reliably in first-order perturbation theory. The most dramatic feature is a dynamic polarization effect, which reduces the Coulomb dissociation probability compared to first-order perturbation theory. Over most of the energy range, the correction is proportional to <f>Z3</f>, the cube of the target charge, and the relative importance is nearly inversely proportional to the beam energy. At the lowest energies in the range considered, higher-order effects (<f>&ges;Z3</f>) become significant as well. At the impact parameters where nuclear induced breakup is dominant, the diffraction dissociation is reduced whereas stripping is enhanced compared to the eikonal approximation. Here too the deviations decrease inversely with beam energy over most of the range considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TARGETS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - LEAD
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7817991; Esbensen, H. 1; Email Address: esbensen@anlphy.phy.anl.gov Bertsch, G.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 706 Issue 3/4, p383; Subject Term: TARGETS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grondalski, J.
AU  - Etlinger, D.M.
AU  - James, D.F.V.
T1  - The fully entangled fraction as an inclusive measure of entanglement applications
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/08/12/
VL  - 300
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
SN  - 03759601
AB  - Characterizing entanglement in all but the simplest case of a two qubit pure state is a hard problem, even understanding the relevant experimental quantities that are related to entanglement is difficult. It may not be necessary, however, to quantify the entanglement of a state in order to quantify the quantum information processing significance of a state. It is known that the fully entangled fraction has a direct relationship to the fidelity of teleportation maximized under the actions of local unitary operations. In the case of two qubits we point out that the fully entangled fraction can also be related to the fidelities, maximized under the actions of local unitary operations, of other important quantum information tasks such as dense coding, entanglement swapping and quantum cryptography in such a way as to provide an inclusive measure of these entanglement applications. For two qubit systems the fully entangled fraction has a simple known closed-form expression and we establish lower and upper bounds of this quantity with the concurrence. This approach is readily extendable to more complicated systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELEPORTATION
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Dense coding
KW  - Entanglement
KW  - Entanglement swapping
KW  - Fully entangled fraction
KW  - Teleportation
N1  - Accession Number: 7861818; Grondalski, J.; Email Address: jcat@t4.lanl.gov Etlinger, D.M. James, D.F.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theory Division, T-4, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 300 Issue 6, p573; Subject Term: TELEPORTATION; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dense coding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Entanglement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Entanglement swapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fully entangled fraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Teleportation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamato, Kazuhiro
AU  - Bartsch, Richard A.
AU  - Broker, Grant A.
AU  - Rogers, Robin D.
AU  - Dietz, Mark L.
T1  - Synthesis of chiral trans-anti-trans-isomers of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 via an enzymatic reaction and the solid-state structure of one enantiomer
JO  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
JF  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/08/12/
VL  - 43
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 5805
SN  - 00404039
AB  - Chiral trans-anti-trans-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 isomers are synthesized via a lipase-catalyzed reaction. The solid-state structure of the (S)-enantiomer is determined and compared with those reported for 18-crown-6 and trans-syn-trans-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - STEREOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis
KW  - chiral crown ether
KW  - enzymatic reaction
KW  - solid-state structure
KW  - stereospecific synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7849749; Yamato, Kazuhiro 1 Bartsch, Richard A. 1; Email Address: richard.bartsch@ttu.edu Broker, Grant A. 2 Rogers, Robin D. 2 Dietz, Mark L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, USA  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4831, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 43 Issue 33, p5805; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Subject Term: STEREOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: chiral crown ether; Author-Supplied Keyword: enzymatic reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: solid-state structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: stereospecific synthesis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bastasz, Robert
T1  - Low-energy ion scattering measurements of quasicrystal surfaces
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2002/08/14/
VL  - 342
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The technique of low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy is useful for determining the composition and structure of ordered surfaces. It can identify atoms in the topmost layer of a solid and provide real-space data about surface atom arrangement. This technique and its application to the study of quasicrystal surfaces is described using examples of the types of information that can be obtained from the ternary icosahedral alloy Al–Pd–Mn. These include surface layer and subsurface layer compositions, surface layer symmetry, interlayer spacings, and neighboring atom distances. In the case of annealed quasicrystalline Al–Pd–Mn, the surface is found to be composed primarily of Al atoms, a Pd-rich layer appears to exist just below the Al layer, and the top layers are deficient in Mn. The Al atoms at the surface exhibit local 5-fold symmetry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - IONS -- Scattering
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - Al–Pd–Mn
KW  - Aperiodic
KW  - Ion beam analysis
KW  - Ion scattering spectroscopy
KW  - ISS
KW  - LEIS
KW  - Quasicrystals
KW  - Shadow cones
KW  - Surface analysis
KW  - Surface crystallography
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 7856212; Bastasz, Robert 1; Email Address: bastasz@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 342 Issue 1/2, p427; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: IONS -- Scattering; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al–Pd–Mn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aperiodic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion scattering spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISS; Author-Supplied Keyword: LEIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasicrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shadow cones; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thiel, Patricia A.
T1  - Concluding remarks to Quasicrystals 2001
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2002/08/14/
VL  - 342
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
SN  - 09258388
N1  - Accession Number: 7856223; Thiel, Patricia A. 1; Email Address: thiel@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 342 Issue 1/2, p477; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Costes, S.
AU  - Barcellos-Hoff, M.H.
T1  - Radiation quality and tissue-specific microenvironments following exposure to 1 GeV/AMU Fe
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 865
SN  - 02731177
AB  - This paper summarizes quantitative in vivo laminin immunofluorescence analysis of mammary glands and skin epithelial structures from mice exposed to 1 GeV/amu Fe ions. Digital confocal microscopic images were quantified and linked to the rough “core-penumbra” Fe track physical description. Comparison to γ-ray sparsely ionizing radiation suggested the core of the Fe track being responsible for a biological response only seen with energetic Fe particles. Conclusions for modeling in vivo responses to radiation were then implied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE
KW  - MAMMARY glands
N1  - Accession Number: 8807491; Costes, S. 1,2 Barcellos-Hoff, M.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Cancer Institute, Ft. Detrick, Bldg 538, Frederick, MD 21702, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p865; Subject Term: IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: MAMMARY glands; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephens Jr., D.L.
AU  - Townsend, L.W.
AU  - Miller, J.
AU  - Zeitlin, C.
AU  - Heilbronn, L.
T1  - Monte Carlo transport model comparison with 1A GeV accelerated iron experiment: heavy-ion shielding evaluation of NASA space flight-crew foodstuff
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
SN  - 02731177
AB  - Deep-space manned flight as a reality depends on a viable solution to the radiation problem. Both acute and chronic radiation health threats are known to exist, with solar particle events as an example of the former and galactic cosmic rays (GCR) of the latter. In this experiment Iron ions of 1A GeV are used to simulate GCR and to determine the secondary radiation field created as the GCR-like particles interact with a thick target. A NASA prepared food pantry locker was subjected to the iron beam and the secondary fluence recorded. A modified version of the Monte Carlo heavy ion transport code developed by Zeitlin at LBNL is compared with experimental fluence. The foodstuff is modeled as mixed nuts as defined by the 71st edition of the Chemical Rubber Company (CRC) Handbook of Physics and Chemistry. The results indicate a good agreement between the experimental data and the model. The agreement between model and experiment is determined using a linear fit to ordered pairs of data. The intercept is forced to zero. The slope fit is 0.825 and the R2 value is 0.429 over the resolved fluence region. The removal of an outlier, Z=14, gives values of 0.888 and 0.705 for slope and R2 respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE flights
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 8807496; Stephens Jr., D.L. 1 Townsend, L.W. 1 Miller, J. 2 Zeitlin, C. 2 Heilbronn, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS-74-197, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p901; Subject Term: SPACE flights; Subject Term: RADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Townsend, L.W.
AU  - Cucinotta, F.A.
AU  - Heilbronn, L.H.
T1  - Nuclear model calculations and their role in space radiation research
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 907
SN  - 02731177
AB  - Proper assessments of spacecraft shielding requirements and concomitant estimates of risk to spacecraft crews from energetic space radiation requires accurate, quantitative methods of characterizing the compositional changes in these radiation fields as they pass through thick absorbers. These quantitative methods are also needed for characterizing accelerator beams used in space radiobiology studies. Because of the impracticality/impossibility of measuring these altered radiation fields inside critical internal body organs of biological test specimens and humans, computational methods rather than direct measurements must be used. Since composition changes in the fields arise from nuclear interaction processes (elastic, inelastic and breakup), knowledge of the appropriate cross sections and spectra must be available. Experiments alone cannot provide the necessary cross section and secondary particle (neutron and charged particle) spectral data because of the large number of nuclear species and wide range of energies involved in space radiation research. Hence, nuclear models are needed. In this paper current methods of predicting total and absorption cross sections and secondary particle (neutrons and ions) yields and spectra for space radiation protection analyses are reviewed. Model shortcomings are discussed and future needs presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 8807497; Townsend, L.W. 1 Cucinotta, F.A. 2 Heilbronn, L.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Engineering Department, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300 USA  2: NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058 USA  3: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p907; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: RADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seed, T.M.
AU  - Fritz, T.E.
AU  - Tolle, D.V.
AU  - Jackson III, W.E.
T1  - Hematopoietic responses under protracted exposures to low daily dose gamma irradiation
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 945
SN  - 02731177
AB  - In attempting to evaluate the possible health consequences of chronic ionizing radiation exposure during extended space travel (e.g., Mars Mission), ground-based experimental studies of the clinical and pathological responses of canines under low daily doses of 60Co gamma irradiation (0.3–26.3 cGy d−1) have been examined. Specific reference was given to responses of the blood forming system. Results suggest that the daily dose rate of 7.5 cGy d−1 represents a threshold below which the hematopoietic system can retain either partial or full trilineal cell-producing capacity (erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis, and megakaryopoiesis) for extended periods of exposure (> 1yr). Trilineal capacity was fully retained for several years of exposure at the lowest dose-rate tested (0.3 cGy d−1) but was completely lost within several hundred days at the highest dose-rate (26.3 cGy d−1). Retention of hematopoietic capacity under chronic exposure has been demonstrated to be mediated by hematopoietic progenitors with acquired radioresistance and repair functions, altered cytogenetics, and cell-cycle characteristics. Radiological, biological, and temporal parameters responsible for these vital acquisitions by hematopoietic progenitors have been partially characterized. These parameters, along with threshold responses, are described and discussed in relation to potential health risks of the space traveler under chronic stress of low-dose irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - GAMMA rays
N1  - Accession Number: 8807503; Seed, T.M. 1 Fritz, T.E. 2 Tolle, D.V. 2 Jackson III, W.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603 USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p945; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Townsend, L.W.
AU  - Fry, R.J.M.
T1  - Radiation protection guidance for activities in low-earth orbit
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 957
SN  - 02731177
AB  - Scientific Committee 75 (SC 75) of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) was assembled for the purpose of providing guidance to NASA concerning radiation protection in low-Earth orbit. The report of SC 75 was published in December 2000 as NCRP Report No. 132. In this presentation an overview of the findings and recommendations of the committee report will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RADIATION
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
N1  - Accession Number: 8807504; Townsend, L.W. 1 Fry, R.J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Engineering Department, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300 USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p957; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Chant, Lawrence J.
T1  - Introduction of non-uniformity through linearization of the system governing turbulent, mixing of a scalar quantity in a 2-d mixing layer
JO  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
JF  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 130
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 00963003
AB  - The introduction of mathematical non-uniformity in the formulation of the turbulent mixing of a scalar quantity (mass, temperature, etc.) for a 2-d, free shear flow using Goertler''s [ZAMM 22 (1942) 244] perturbation argument is discussed. Approximate, i.e. thin shear layer self-similar forms for mass, momentum and the scalar quantity are derived, and then linearized using Goertler''s method. Though successful for the mean velocity field, the regular expansion yields inconsistent solutions for the transport of a scalar. Sources of the non-uniformity are identified using appropriate numerical methods for both non-linear and linear formulations. A consistent result is obtained by rescaling the independent variable and equation system and identifying dominant behavior. The results of this corrected formulation are shown to be consistent with the relationships obtained by the author using an approximate matched asymptotic expansion procedure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - Non-uniformity
KW  - Self-similar
KW  - Turbulent mixing layer
N1  - Accession Number: 7831404; De Chant, Lawrence J. 1; Email Address: ldechant@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied Theoretical and Computational Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS D413, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 130 Issue 2/3, p399; Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-uniformity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-similar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulent mixing layer; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennedy, B.M.
AU  - Torgersen, T.
AU  - van Soest, M.C.
T1  - Multiple atmospheric noble gas components in hydrocarbon reservoirs: a study of the Northwest Shelf, Delaware Basin, SE New Mexico
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2807
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The Northwest Shelf of the Delaware Basin, SE New Mexico is the site of several large and productive oil and gas fields. The most productive reservoirs are located in the late Pennsylvanian Morrow and early Permian Abo formations. Production from the latter more important play is predominately from fluvial Abo red beds of the Pecos Slope Field. The oxidizing conditions implied by the reddish color of the formation require an external hydrocarbon source. To test the existing migration model for the region and constrain the location of potential hydrocarbon sources, we measured the elemental and isotopic composition of noble gases produced along with the hydrocarbons. We found the hydrocarbons to be highly enriched in radiogenic 4He, 40*Ar and nucleogenic 21*Ne [F(4He) = 44,000–250,000; 40Ar/36Ar = 400–3145; 21Ne/22Ne = 0.044–0.071]. The greatest enrichments occur in the Pecos Slope gas fields. The hydrocarbons also contain three independent nonradiogenic noble gas components each with an atmospheric isotopic composition. One component is most likely air-saturated water (ASW). The second component is enriched in the heavy noble gases [F(130Xe) > 8.5] and is derived from the hydrocarbon sources. The third component is enriched in Ne [F(20Ne) > 0.8] that we believe is degassed from sources within the reservoirs. This component is correlated with but decoupled from the dominant source of radiogenic 4He and 40*Ar. Very high concentrations of 4He (up to ∼1% by volume) in the Pecos slope reservoirs require a source external to the reservoirs, such as the underlying Precambrian basement granites and sedimentary equivalents. Structural buckles cutting through the Pecos field may act as high flux vertical pathways for the radiogenic 4He. If the hydrocarbons in the Pecos slope fields have migrated northward from the deeper Delaware Basin, as suggested by compositional trends, then perhaps the buckles also play an important role in the distribution and filling of the Pecos slope reservoirs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GAS fields
KW  - OIL fields
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 8789532; Kennedy, B.M. 1; Email Address: bmkennedy@lbl.gov Torgersen, T. 2 van Soest, M.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Isotope Geochemistry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Marine Science, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340-6097, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 66 Issue 16, p2807; Subject Term: GAS fields; Subject Term: OIL fields; Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237120 Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharp, Zachary D.
AU  - Durakiewicz, Tomasz
AU  - Migaszewski, Zdzislaw M.
AU  - Atudorei, Viorel N.
T1  - Antiphase hydrogen and oxygen isotope periodicity in chert nodules
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2865
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses were made of Jurassic-age chert nodules from the Holy Cross Mountains, SE Poland, along radial transects at high spatial resolution. There is a radial “sigmoidal” periodicity for both isotope ratios, but the two are out of phase, with high δD values corresponding to low δ18O values. Periodicity for a 100- to 120-mm diameter nodule is approximately 16 mm, increasing slightly toward the rim, with amplitudes approaching 20 and 3.0‰ for hydrogen and oxygen, respectively. The combined hydrogen-oxygen isotope data for one nodule fall on a published curve for chert forming in equilibrium with seawater ; the range of delta values corresponds to temperature variations of ∼10°C. Data for a second chert fall on a subparallel δD-δ18O line with δD values that are almost 50‰ lower. The δD-δ18O patterns for the nodules cannot be explained by periodic mixing of meteoric and ocean water because the hydrogen and oxygen isotope data are out of phase. Two possible explanations for the antiphase periodicity are (a) cyclical temperature variations, perhaps related to an unstable convection system (e.g., , and (b) self-organizing catalytic precipitation (e.g., . The systematic isotopic variations are difficult to explain by diagenesis and strongly suggest that primary isotopic compositions are preserved. The isotopic data provide important information on the thermal history of the sedimentary basin, if temperature variations are the cause of the isotopic periodicity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - OXYGEN isotopes
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 8789536; Sharp, Zachary D. 1 Durakiewicz, Tomasz 2,3 Migaszewski, Zdzislaw M. 4,5; Email Address: zsharp@unm.edu Atudorei, Viorel N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Condensed Matter & Thermal Physics Group, Mailstop K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland  4: Department of Environmental Geology, Polish Geological Institute, 00-975 Warsaw, Poland  5: Geochemistry and the Environment Division, Pedagogical University, 25-020 Kielce, Poland; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 66 Issue 16, p2865; Subject Term: OXYGEN isotopes; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elzinga, E.J.
AU  - Reeder, R.J.
AU  - Withers, S.H.
AU  - Peale, R.E.
AU  - Mason, R.A.
AU  - Beck, K.M.
AU  - Hess, W.P.
T1  - EXAFS study of rare-earth element coordination in calcite
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2875
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is used to characterize the local coordination of selected rare-earth elements (Nd3+, Sm3+, Dy3+, Yb3+) coprecipitated with calcite in minor concentrations from room-temperature aqueous solutions. Fitting results confirm substitution in the Ca site, but first-shell Nd-O and Sm-O distances are longer than the Ca-O distance in calcite and longer than what is consistent with ionic radii sums for sixfold coordination in the octahedral Ca site. In contrast, first-shell Dy-O and Yb-O distances are shorter than the Ca-O distance and are consistent with ionic radii sums for sixfold coordination. Comparison of Nd-O and Sm-O bond lengths with those in lanthanide sesquioxides and with ionic radii trends across the lanthanide series suggests that Nd3+ and Sm3+ have sevenfold coordination in a modified Ca site in calcite. This would require some disruption of the local structure, with an expected decrease in stability, and possibly a different charge compensation mechanism between Nd and Sm vs. Yb and Dy. A possible explanation for the increased coordination for the larger rare-earth elements involves bidentate ligation from a CO3 group. Because trivalent actinides such as Am3+ and Cm3+ have ionic radii similar to Nd3+, their incorporation in calcite may result in a similar defect structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - RARE earth metals
N1  - Accession Number: 8789537; Elzinga, E.J. 1 Reeder, R.J. 1; Email Address: rjreeder@notes.cc.sunysb.edu Withers, S.H. 2 Peale, R.E. 2 Mason, R.A. 3 Beck, K.M. 4 Hess, W.P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816-2385, USA  3: Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada, A1B 3X5  4: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 66 Issue 16, p2875; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ptak, A.J.
AU  - Kurtz, Sarah
AU  - Curtis, C.
AU  - Reedy, R.
AU  - Olson, J.M.
T1  - Incorporation effects in MOCVD-grown (In)GaAsN using different nitrogen precursors
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 243
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 00220248
AB  - The incorporation of In into InGaAsN grown by MOCVD is known to reduce the incorporation of nitrogen. In addition, the most commonly used nitrogen precursors are all extremely inefficient. Growth of InGaAsN with NF3 as the nitrogen precursor is relatively insensitive to the addition of indium and has an incorporation efficiency much higher than dimethylhydrazine. The results from a study of four nitrogen precursors are presented, indicating that only NF3 is insensitive to the incorporation of In. The relative incorporation efficiencies for the four sources are also determined, indicating that the relative efficiencies are as follows: NF3∼hydrazine>tertiary-butylhydrazine>dimethylhydrazine. We propose a simple model based on chemical reactions to account for the differences in incorporation efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METAL organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - B1. Arsenates
KW  - B1. Nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 7845088; Ptak, A.J.; Email Address: aaron_ptak@nrel.gov Kurtz, Sarah 1 Curtis, C. 1 Reedy, R. 1 Olson, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Center for Photovoltaics, MS 3212, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 243 Issue 2, p231; Subject Term: METAL organic chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Arsenates; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Nitrides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amberger, Hanns-Dieter
AU  - Reddmann, Hauke
AU  - Jank, Stefan
AU  - Zhang, Lixin
AU  - Edelstein, Norman M.
T1  - Zur Elektronenstruktur metallorganischer Komplexe der f-Elemente LII. Magnetochemische, optische und magnetooptische Charakterisierung von (η5-Cp)3Tm·THF
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 656
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - The absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectra of the tetrahydrofuran adduct derived from tris(η5-cyclopentadienyl)thulium(III) (Cp3Tm·THF) were measured at low temperatures. The absorption spectra exhibit partly severe differences compared with the previously communicated band maxima and relative intensities of sublimed material. The observed more intense groups of signals comprise purely electronic f–f- as well as weaker vibronic transitions (where low frequency skeleton vibrations are coupling). Both types of bands could be separated by comparing these groups of signals with those of additional weaker vibronic transitions at higher frequencies (which have to be associated with the ν-CC vibration). In case of the multiplet 3F3 the resulting crystal field states are identified on an experimental as well as a calculated basis. Besides, the temperature dependence of μeff2 of the base adducts Cp3Tm·THF, Cp3Tm·MeTHF and Cp3Tm·CNC6H11 was determined and is compared with the result of a model calculation. (English) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Die Absorptions- und magnetischen Zirkulardichroismus-Spektren des Tetrahydrofuran-Adduktes von Tris(η5-cyclopentadienyl)thulium(III) (Cp3Tm·THF) wurden bei tiefen Temperaturen vermessen, wobei teilweise gravierende Unterschiede zu fru¨her mitgeteilten Bandenlagen und relativen Intensita¨ten sublimierten Materials gefunden wurden. Die beobachteten intensiveren Signalgruppen umfassen sowohl rein elektronische f–f- als auch schwa¨chere vibronische U¨berga¨nge (wobei niederfrequente Skelettschwingungen koppeln). Beide Bandentypen ko¨nnen teilweise durch Vergleich dieser Signalgruppen mit weiteren ho¨herfrequenten schwa¨cheren vibronischen U¨berga¨ngen (die auf Kopplungen der ν-CC-Schwingung zuru¨ckzufu¨hren sind) separiert werden. Im Falle des Multipletts 3F3 werden die resultierenden Kristallfeld-Zusta¨nde sowohl auf experimenteller als auch auf rechnerischer Basis identifiziert. Außerdem wurde die Temperaturabha¨ngigkeit von μeff2 der Basenaddukte Cp3Tm·THF, Cp3Tm·MeTHF und Cp3Tm·CNC6H11 gemessen und mit dem Ergebnissen einer Modellrechnung verglichen. (German) [Copyright 2002 Elsevier]
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KW  - TETRAHYDROFURAN
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - MAGNETIC circular dichroism
KW  - Crystal field analysis
KW  - Cyclopentadienyl ligand
KW  - Physical properties
KW  - Thulium
KW  - Vibronic coupling
N1  - Accession Number: 7851039; Amberger, Hanns-Dieter 1; Email Address: fc3a501@uni-hamburg.de Reddmann, Hauke 1 Jank, Stefan 1 Zhang, Lixin 1 Edelstein, Norman M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie der Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 656 Issue 1/2, p18; Subject Term: TETRAHYDROFURAN; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC circular dichroism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal field analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclopentadienyl ligand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thulium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibronic coupling; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article; Language: German
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoshizawa, Noriko
AU  - Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
AU  - Ruowen Fu, Mildred S.
AU  - Satcher, Joe
AU  - Boumann, Ted
T1  - TEM OBSERVATION OF METAL-LOADED CARBON AEROGELS PREPARED BY AN ION-EXCHANGE METHOD.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 388
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 80
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1058725X
AB  - Cu-loaded carbon aerogel was prepared by soaking sol-gel production, obtained from K-salt of 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, into Cu(NO 3 ) 2 solution. XPS measurement demonstrated that Cu concentration is higher in the outside region of bulk samples, indicating that Cu may be incorporated through an immersing process rather than ion-exchanging. TEM observation showed that, like an aerogel sample with K ions, Cu-loaded organic aerogels had porous texture in which gel particles about 20-30 nmφ were interconnected with each other. Metal-loading process used in this study was considered as a promising method to disperse metals without changing original structure of carbon aerogels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals Science & Technology, Section A: Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - carbon aerogel
KW  - Cu.
KW  - sol-gel polymerization
KW  - TEM
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 11437553; Yoshizawa, Noriko 1 Dresselhaus, Mildred S. 2 Ruowen Fu, Mildred S. 3 Satcher, Joe 4 Boumann, Ted 4; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology,  16-1  Onogawa,  Tsukuba 305-8569 Japan.  2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.  3: PCFM Laboratory, Zhongshan University,  Guangzhou, 510275 China.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,  P0. Box 808, Livermore 94551 USA.; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 388 Issue 1, p75; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon aerogel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu.; Author-Supplied Keyword: sol-gel polymerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10587250290113899
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jung, C.U.
AU  - Kim, H.-J.
AU  - Park, M.-S.
AU  - Kim, M.-S.
AU  - Kim, J.Y.
AU  - Du, Z.
AU  - Lee, S.-I.
AU  - Kim, K.H.
AU  - Betts, J.B.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
AU  - Boebinger, G.S.
T1  - Effects of unreacted Mg impurities on the transport properties of MgB<f>2</f>
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 377
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We synthesized polycrystalline MgB<f>2</f> from a stoichiometric mixture of Mg and the 11B isotope under different conditions. All the samples showed bulk superconductivity with <f>Tc=38–39</f> K. The samples containing the least amount of unreacted Mg showed the highest <f>Tc</f> and the sharpest transition width (<f>ΔTc</f>). A residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of <f>∼</f>5.8, and a magnetoresistance (MR), at 40 K and 10 T, of 12% were obtained for these samples. Moreover, there was no upturn of resistivity in a low temperature region at 10 T. The samples containing appreciable amounts of unreacted Mg showed quite different behaviors; the values of <f>ΔTc</f>, RRR, and MR were much larger. An upturn appeared in resistivity of the samples below about 50 K at 10 T and is thought to be due to the unreacted Mg. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Magnesium diboride
KW  - MgB<f>2</f>
KW  - RRR
N1  - Accession Number: 7855669; Jung, C.U. 1 Kim, H.-J. 1 Park, M.-S. 1 Kim, M.-S. 1 Kim, J.Y. 1 Du, Z. 1 Lee, S.-I. 1; Email Address: silee@postech.ac.kr Kim, K.H. 2 Betts, J.B. 2 Jaime, M. 2 Lacerda, A.H. 2 Boebinger, G.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Creative Research Initiative Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea  2: NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 377 Issue 1/2, p21; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium diboride; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB<f>2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: RRR; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moodenbaugh, A.R.
AU  - Suenaga, M.
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Cox, D.E.
AU  - Rupich, M.W.
AU  - Riley, G.N.
AU  - Li, Q.
AU  - Parrella, R.
T1  - Superconducting critical current densities and synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements of (Bi,Pb)<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>Ca<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>y</f>/Ag composites
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/08/15/
VL  - 377
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A series of multifilament composite conductors (tapes), (Bi,Pb)<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>Ca<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>y</f> (Bi-2223)/Ag, was studied by transmission synchrotron X-ray diffraction, including c-axis texture studies, and by critical current measurements. The diffraction measurements indicate that the tapes typically consist of <f>∼</f>90% Bi-2223 phase. Rocking curve studies of the Bi-2223 (2 0 0) peak reveal full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) in the range 13–19<f>°</f>. A weak correlation between rocking curve FWHMs and critical current densities suggests that the critical current values in these tapes may not be limited by the Bi-2223 c-axis orientation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Critical current density
KW  - Grain alignment (texture)
N1  - Accession Number: 7855675; Moodenbaugh, A.R. 1; Email Address: moodenba@bnl.gov Suenaga, M. 1 Lewis, L.H. 1 Cox, D.E. 1 Rupich, M.W. 2 Riley, G.N. 2 Li, Q. 2 Parrella, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: American Superconductor Corporation, 2 Technology Drive, Westborough, MA 01581, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 377 Issue 1/2, p67; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain alignment (texture); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muhlstein, C.L.
AU  - Stach, E.A.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - A reaction-layer mechanism for the delayed failure of micron-scale polycrystalline silicon structural films subjected to high-cycle fatigue loading
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/08/16/
VL  - 50
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3579
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A study has been made to discern the mechanisms for the delayed failure of 2-μm thick structural films of n+-type, polycrystalline silicon under high-cycle fatigue loading conditions. Such polycrystalline silicon films are used in small-scale structural applications including microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and are known to display ‘metal-like’ stress-life (S/N) fatigue behavior in room temperature air environments. Previously, fatigue lives in excess of 1011 cycles have been observed at high frequency (~40 kHz), fully-reversed stress amplitudes as low as half the fracture strength using a surface micromachined, resonant-loaded, fatigue characterization structure. In this work the accumulation of fatigue-induced oxidation and cracking of the native SiO2 of the polycrystalline silicon was established using transmission electron and infrared microscopy and correlated with experimentally observed changes in specimen compliance using numerical models. These results were used to establish that the mechanism of the apparent fatigue failure of thin-film silicon involves sequential oxidation and environmentally-assisted crack growth solely within the native SiO2 layer. This ‘reaction-layer fatigue’ mechanism is only significant in thin films where the critical crack size for catastrophic failure can be reached by a crack growing within the oxide layer. It is shown that the susceptibility of thin-film silicon to such failures can be suppressed by the use of alkene-based monolayer coatings that prevent the formation of the native oxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Self-assembled monolayer coatings
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 7849664; Muhlstein, C.L. 1; Email Address: cmuhlstn@uclink4.berkeley.edu Stach, E.A. 2 Ritchie, R.O. 1; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1760, USA  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1760, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 50 Issue 14, p3579; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled monolayer coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sunwoo, Anne
AU  - Goto, Dana
T1  - Effects of processing on microstructure and properties of <f>α</f>-uranium formed parts
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/08/19/
VL  - 47
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The interrelated effects of thermomechanical processing and chemistry on the microstructure and tensile properties of <f>α</f>-uranium formed parts were characterized and presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Cold working
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Cold working
KW  - Metals
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Optical microscopy
KW  - Stress–strain relationship
N1  - Accession Number: 8777266; Sunwoo, Anne Goto, Dana 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-140, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 47 Issue 4, p261; Subject Term: METALS -- Cold working; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cold working; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress–strain relationship; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Craciunescu, Corneliu
AU  - Kishi, Yoichi
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
AU  - Wuttig, Manfred
T1  - Martensitic transformation in Co2NiGa ferromagnetic shape memory alloys
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/08/19/
VL  - 47
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 13596462
AB  - This investigation of the martensitic transformation in ferromagnetic Co<f>2</f>NiGa shape memory alloys shows that, like in the Ni<f>2</f>MnGa system, the martensite start temperature is proportional to the valence electron concentration. Al is increasing the transition temperatures when it substitutes Ga and is decreasing them when it substitutes Ni. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARTENSITIC transformations
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - Ferromagnetism
KW  - Internal friction
KW  - Phase transformation
KW  - Shape memory
N1  - Accession Number: 8777270; Craciunescu, Corneliu 1 Kishi, Yoichi 1 Lograsso, T.A. 2 Wuttig, Manfred 1; Email Address: wuttig@eng.umd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2115, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 47 Issue 4, p285; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC transformations; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape memory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tagg, N.J.
AU  - Hamer, A.S.
AU  - Sur, B.
AU  - Earle, E.D.
AU  - Helmer, R.L.
AU  - Jonkmans, G.
AU  - Moffat, B.A.
AU  - Simpson, J.J.
T1  - The 8Li calibration source for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/08/21/
VL  - 489
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A calibration source employing 8Li (<f>t1/2=0.838</f> s) has been developed for use with the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO). This source creates a spectrum of β-particles with an energy range similar to that of the SNO 8B solar neutrino signal. The source is used to test the SNO detector''s energy response, position reconstruction and data reduction algorithms. The 8Li isotope is created using a deuterium–tritium neutron generator in conjunction with a 11B target, and is carried to a decay chamber using a gas/aerosol transport system. The decay chamber detects prompt α-particles by gas scintillation in coincidence with the β-particles which exit through a thin stainless steel wall. A description is given of the production, transport, and tagging techniques along with a discussion of the performance and application of the source. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - RADIOACTIVE source strength
KW  - CHERENKOV counters
KW  - Cherenkov detector
KW  - Energy calibration
KW  - Event reconstruction
KW  - Gas transport, 8B spectrum
KW  - Radioactive source
KW  - Solar neutrinos
KW  - Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
N1  - Accession Number: 7873825; Tagg, N.J. 1; Email Address: n.tagg1@physics.ox.ac.uk Hamer, A.S. 2,3 Sur, B. 4 Earle, E.D. 3,4 Helmer, R.L. 5 Jonkmans, G. 4 Moffat, B.A. 3 Simpson, J.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada K7L 3N6  4: Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ont., Canada K0J 1JO  5: TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 2A3; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 489 Issue 1-3, p178; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE source strength; Subject Term: CHERENKOV counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Event reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas transport, 8B spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar neutrinos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sudbury Neutrino Observatory; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorelov, I.
AU  - Gorfine, G.
AU  - Hoeferkamp, M.
AU  - Mata-Bruni, V.
AU  - Santistevan, G.
AU  - Seidel, S.C.
AU  - Ciocio, A.
AU  - Einsweiler, K.
AU  - Emes, J.
AU  - Gilchriese, M.
AU  - Joshi, A.
AU  - Kleinfelder, S.
AU  - Marchesini, R.
AU  - McCormack, F.
AU  - Milgrome, O.
AU  - Palaio, N.
AU  - Pengg, F.
AU  - Richardson, J.
AU  - Zizka, G.
AU  - Ackers, M.
T1  - Electrical characteristics of silicon pixel detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/08/21/
VL  - 489
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 202
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Prototype sensors for the ATLAS silicon pixel detector have been electrically characterized. The current and voltage characteristics, charge-collection efficiencies, and resolutions have been examined. Devices were fabricated on oxygenated and standard detector-grade silicon wafers. Results from prototypes which examine p-stop and standard and moderated p-spray isolation are presented for a variety of geometrical options. Some of the comparisons relate unirradiated sensors with those that have received fluences relevant to LHC operation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Pixel
KW  - Semiconductor
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Tracking
N1  - Accession Number: 7873828; Gorelov, I. 1 Gorfine, G. 1 Hoeferkamp, M. 1 Mata-Bruni, V. 1 Santistevan, G. 1 Seidel, S.C. 1; Email Address: seidel@dot.phys.unm.edu Ciocio, A. 2 Einsweiler, K. 2 Emes, J. 2 Gilchriese, M. 2 Joshi, A. 2 Kleinfelder, S. 2 Marchesini, R. 2 McCormack, F. 2 Milgrome, O. 2 Palaio, N. 2 Pengg, F. 2 Richardson, J. 2 Zizka, G. 2 Ackers, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, 87131 Albuquerque, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, USA  3: Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 489 Issue 1-3, p202; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Disdier, L.
AU  - Rouyer, A.
AU  - Wilson, D.C.
AU  - Fedotoff, A.
AU  - Stoeckl, C.
AU  - Bourgade, J.-L.
AU  - Glebov, V.Yu.
AU  - Garçonnet, J.-P.
AU  - Seka, W.
T1  - High-resolution neutron imaging of laser imploded DT targets
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/08/21/
VL  - 489
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 496
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Using a penumbral technique with a biconical aperture we have obtained neutron images with the highest spatial resolution ever achieved. Implosions at the Omega laser of deuterium–tritium-filled glass microballoons with 2.5 and 4.2 μm thick walls produced images with full-width at half-maximums of 78 and 62 μm recorded with a resolution of 60 and 45 μm, respectively. Image sizes are in good agreement with calculations when the effects of noise are included. Higher geometrical spatial resolution and a new deconvolution technique improve the previous measurements of Ress et al. (Science 241 (1988) 956) obtained with a 80 μm resolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - ICF diagnostic
KW  - Neutron imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 7873855; Disdier, L. 1; Email Address: laurent.disdier@cea.fr Rouyer, A. 1 Wilson, D.C. 2 Fedotoff, A. 1 Stoeckl, C. 3 Bourgade, J.-L. 1 Glebov, V.Yu. 3 Garçonnet, J.-P. 1 Seka, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: CEA-DAM Ile de France, BP 12, 91680 Bruyères Le Chatel, France  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 489 Issue 1-3, p496; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: ICF diagnostic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron imaging; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markel, T.
AU  - Brooker, A.
AU  - Hendricks, T.
AU  - Johnson, V.
AU  - Kelly, K.
AU  - Kramer, B.
AU  - O’Keefe, M.
AU  - Sprik, S.
AU  - Wipke, K.
T1  - ADVISOR: a systems analysis tool for advanced vehicle modeling
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
SN  - 03787753
AB  - This paper provides an overview of Advanced Vehicle Simulator (ADVISOR)—the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) ADVISOR written in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. ADVISOR provides the vehicle engineering community with an easy-to-use, flexible, yet robust and supported analysis package for advanced vehicle modeling. It is primarily used to quantify the fuel economy, the performance, and the emissions of vehicles that use alternative technologies including fuel cells, batteries, electric motors, and internal combustion engines in hybrid (i.e. multiple power sources) configurations. It excels at quantifying the relative change that can be expected due to the implementation of technology compared to a baseline scenario. ADVISOR’s capabilities and limitations are presented and the power source models that are included in ADVISOR are discussed. Finally, several applications of the tool are presented to highlight ADVISOR’s functionality. The content of this paper is based on a presentation made at the ‘Development of Advanced Battery Engineering Models’ workshop held in Crystal City, Virginia in August 2001. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYSTEM analysis
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - ADVISOR
KW  - Battery
KW  - Energy storage
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Hybrid electric vehicle
KW  - Systems analysis
KW  - Vehicle modeling
KW  - Vehicle simulation
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9640894; Markel, T.; Email Address: tony_markel@nrel.gov Brooker, A. 1 Hendricks, T. 1 Johnson, V. 1 Kelly, K. 1 Kramer, B. 1 O’Keefe, M. 1 Sprik, S. 1 Wipke, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p255; Subject Term: SYSTEM analysis; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: ADVISOR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid electric vehicle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Systems analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle simulation; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dees, Dennis W.
AU  - Battaglia, Vincent S.
AU  - Bélanger, André
T1  - Electrochemical modeling of lithium polymer batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 310
SN  - 03787753
AB  - An electrochemical model for lithium polymer cells was developed and a parameter set for the model was measured using a series of laboratory experiments. Examples are supplied to demonstrate the capabilities of the electrochemical model to obtain the concentration, current, and potential distributions in lithium polymer cells under complex cycling protocols. The modeling results are used to identify processes that limit cell performance and for optimizing cell design. Extension of the electrochemical model to examine two-dimensional studies is also described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Battery
KW  - Electrochemical
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Polymer
N1  - Accession Number: 9640898; Dees, Dennis W. 1; Email Address: dees@cmt.anl.gov Battaglia, Vincent S. 1 Bélanger, André 2; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  2: Expertise, chimie et matériaux, Direction principale-Recherche et développement-IREQ, Institut de recherche d’Hydro-Québec, 1800, boul. Lionel Boulet, Varennes, Que., Canada J3X 1S1; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p310; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, V.H.
T1  - Battery performance models in ADVISOR
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
SN  - 03787753
AB  - This paper summarizes battery modeling capabilities in ADVISOR—the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s advanced vehicle simulator written in the Matlab/Simulink environment. ADVISOR’s Matlab-oriented battery models consist of the following: (1) an internal resistance model, (2) a resistance–capacitance (RC) model, (3) a PNGV capacitance model, (4) a neural network (nnet) lead acid model, and (5) a fundamental lead acid battery model. For the models, the electric schematics (where applicable), thermal models, accuracy, existing datasets, and sample validation plots are presented. A brief summary of ADVISOR’s capabilities for co-simulation with Saber is presented, which links ADVISOR with Saber’s lead acid battery model. The models outlined in this paper were presented at the workshop on ‘Development of Advanced Battery Engineering Models’ in August 2001. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Battery model
KW  - Lead acid
KW  - Lithium ion
KW  - Nickel-metal hydride
KW  - Vehicle simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 9640899; Johnson, V.H. 1; Email Address: valerie_johnson@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p321; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel-metal hydride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle simulations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Paul
AU  - Dees, Dennis
AU  - Amine, Khalil
AU  - Henriksen, Gary
T1  - Modeling thermal management of lithium-ion PNGV batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Batteries were designed with the aid of a computer modeling program to study the requirements of the thermal control system for meeting the goals set by the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV). The battery designs were based upon the lithium-ion cell composition designated Gen-2 in the US Department of Energy Advanced Technology Development Program. The worst-case cooling requirement that would occur during prolonged aggressive driving was estimated to be 250 W or about 5 W per cell for a 48-cell battery. Rapid heating of the battery from a very low startup temperature is more difficult than cooling during driving. A dielectric transformer fluid is superior to air for both heating and cooling the battery. A dedicated refrigeration system for cooling the battery coolant would be helpful in maintaining low temperature during driving. The use of ample insulation would effectively slow the battery temperature rise when parking the vehicle in warm weather. Operating the battery at 10 °C during the first several years when the battery has excess power would extend the battery life. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - HYBRID electric vehicles
KW  - Battery modeling
KW  - Hybrid electric vehicle
KW  - Lithium-ion
KW  - Lumped-parameter model
KW  - PNGV Battery
KW  - Thermal modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 9640903; Nelson, Paul; Email Address: nelson@cmt.anl.gov Dees, Dennis 1 Amine, Khalil 1 Henriksen, Gary 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 205, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p349; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: HYBRID electric vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid electric vehicle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lumped-parameter model; Author-Supplied Keyword: PNGV Battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal modeling; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doughty, Daniel H.
AU  - Butler, Paul C.
AU  - Jungst, Rudolph G.
AU  - Roth, E. Peter
T1  - Lithium battery thermal models
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 357
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Thermal characteristics and thermal behavior of lithium batteries are important both for the batteries meeting operating life requirements and for safety considerations. Sandia National Laboratories has a broad-based program that includes analysis, engineering and model development. We have determined thermal properties of lithium batteries using a variety of calorimetric methods for many years. We developed the capability to model temperature gradients and cooling rates of high-temperature primary lithium thermal batteries several years ago. Work is now under way to characterize the response of ambient-temperature rechargeable lithium-ion batteries to thermal abuse. Once the self-heating rates of lithium cells have been established over a range of temperatures, the thermal response can be estimated under a variety of conditions. We have extended this process to isolate the behavior of individual battery components and have begun to understand the chemical nature of the species responsible for heat evolution within the cells. This enhanced level of understanding will enable more accurate modeling of cell thermal behavior and will allow model-based design of safer, more abuse-tolerant lithium batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) in the future. Progress toward this goal and key information still needed to reach it are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - THERMAL batteries
KW  - Abuse tolerance
KW  - Calorimeter
KW  - Electrochemical model
KW  - Lithium-ion cell
KW  - Safety
KW  - Thermal battery
KW  - Thermal model
N1  - Accession Number: 9640905; Doughty, Daniel H.; Email Address: dhdough@sandia.gov Butler, Paul C. 1 Jungst, Rudolph G. 1 Roth, E. Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: Power Sources Technology Group, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0613, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p357; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: THERMAL batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abuse tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal model; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pesaran, Ahmad A.
T1  - Battery thermal models for hybrid vehicle simulations
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
SN  - 03787753
AB  - This paper summarizes battery thermal modeling capabilities for: (1) an advanced vehicle simulator (ADVISOR); and (2) battery module and pack thermal design. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL’s) ADVISOR is developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment. There are several battery models in ADVISOR for various chemistry types. Each one of these models requires a thermal model to predict the temperature change that could affect battery performance parameters, such as resistance, capacity and state of charges. A lumped capacitance battery thermal model in the Matlab/Simulink environment was developed that included the ADVISOR battery performance models. For thermal evaluation and design of battery modules and packs, NREL has been using various computer aided engineering tools including commercial finite element analysis software. This paper will discuss the thermal ADVISOR battery model and its results, along with the results of finite element modeling that were presented at the workshop on “Development of Advanced Battery Engineering Models” in August 2001. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL batteries
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - Battery thermal management
KW  - Battery thermal model
KW  - Vehicle simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 9640908; Pesaran, Ahmad A. 1; Email Address: ahmad_pesaran@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p377; Subject Term: THERMAL batteries; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery thermal management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery thermal model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle simulations; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerr, John B.
AU  - Sloop, Steven E.
AU  - Liu, Gao
AU  - Han, Yong Bong
AU  - Hou, Jun
AU  - Wang, Shanger
T1  - From molecular models to system analysis for lithium battery electrolytes
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The behavior of polymer electrolytes in lithium batteries is reviewed in the context of molecular scale models as well as on the system scale. It is shown how the molecular structure of the electrolyte strongly influences ion transport through the polymer as well as across the interfaces and determines the values of a number of parameters needed for system models that can predict the performance of the battery (e.g. κ, D, <F>t0+</F> and i0). The interaction of the electrolyte with the electrodes not only leads to transfer of the lithium ion across the interface but also to side reactions that profoundly influence the calendar and life cycle of the battery. Typically these electrochemically induced side reactions generate the SEI layer, but inherent instability of the bulk electrolyte may also play a role in the formation of surface layers. These various reactions can lead to changes in the mechanical properties of the separator and electrode structure that promote life-limiting phenomena such as dendrite growth, passivation and morphology changes. The rheological model of Eisenberg is drawn upon to show how the interactions of the electrolyte with surfaces can lead to distinct changes in mechanical and transport properties that may limit the battery performance and lead to diminished performance with time. The molecular level models may be combined with the rheological models to provide workable models of the interfaces and bulk electrolyte dynamics that in turn can be used to provide a more accurate level of performance prediction from the system models. This connects molecular structure with battery performance and guides the design and synthesis of new and better materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - MOLECULAR models
KW  - Ion solvation
KW  - Lithium battery
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Molecular models
KW  - Polymer electrolytes
KW  - Rheological models
KW  - SEI layer
KW  - System models
N1  - Accession Number: 9640910; Kerr, John B.; Email Address: jbkerr@lbl.gov Sloop, Steven E. 1 Liu, Gao 1 Han, Yong Bong 1 Hou, Jun 1 Wang, Shanger 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62-203, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p389; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion solvation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheological models; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEI layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: System models; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Redfern, Paul C.
AU  - Curtiss, Larry A.
T1  - Quantum chemical studies of Li+ cation binding to polyalkyloxides
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A quantum chemical study of the binding of Li+ cation to polyalkyloxides has been carried out. The lithium cation interaction with three polyalkyloxides (polyethylene oxide (PEO), polytrimethylene oxide (PTMO), and polypropylene oxide (PPO)) has been investigated using ab initio molecular orbital theory at the HF/6-31G&ast; level with molecular models for the polymers. Coordination by one to six oxygens was considered. In addition, higher level calculations were carried out using G3(MP2) theory for coordination of Li+ by one oxygen. For coordination of lithium by one oxygen, the binding energy ordering is <F>PTMO>PPO>PEO</F>, with PTMO having the largest lithium cation affinity. The same ordering is found for larger coordination numbers with the exception of coordination by six oxygens, where the ordering changes due to the steric interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - Ab initio molecular orbital theory
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Lithium polymer electrolytes
KW  - Polyalkyloxides
N1  - Accession Number: 9640911; Redfern, Paul C. 1 Curtiss, Larry A.; Email Address: curtiss@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4828, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p401; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio molecular orbital theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium polymer electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyalkyloxides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benedek, R.
AU  - Thackeray, M.M.
T1  - Lithium reactions with intermetallic-compound electrodes
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 406
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Intermetallic compounds are under investigation as possible anode materials in lithium batteries. The compounds on which the Argonne National Laboratory group has primarily focused were selected on the basis of structural compatibility between host and product (lithiated) phases. In this presentation, we discuss the additional insights into the behavior of intermetallic-compound anodes that are available from materials modeling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - Electrochemical potential
KW  - First principles theory
KW  - Insertion kinetics
KW  - Intermetallic compound
KW  - Solid state reaction
N1  - Accession Number: 9640913; Benedek, R.; Email Address: benedek@anl.gov Thackeray, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p406; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: First principles theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insertion kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic compound; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid state reaction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kinoshita, Kim
AU  - Zaghib, Karim
T1  - Negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 416
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Graphitized carbons have played a key role in the successful commercialization of Li-ion batteries. The physicochemical properties of carbon cover a wide range; therefore, identifying the optimum active electrode material can be time consuming. The significant physical properties of negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries are summarized, and the relationship of these properties to their electrochemical performance in non-aqueous electrolytes, are discussed in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries -- Electrodes
KW  - CARBON
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Irreversible capacity
KW  - Lithium intercalation
KW  - Reversible capacity
N1  - Accession Number: 9640915; Kinoshita, Kim 1; Email Address: k.kinoshita@lbl.gov Zaghib, Karim 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec, 1800 boul, Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Qué., Canada J3X 1S1; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p416; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries -- Electrodes; Subject Term: CARBON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irreversible capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium intercalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reversible capacity; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roberts, G.A.
AU  - Cairns, E.J.
AU  - Reimer, J.A.
T1  - Magnesium silicide as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 424
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Mg2Si was synthesized by mechanically activated annealing and evaluated as a negative electrode material. A maximum discharge capacity of 830 mAh/g was observed by cycling over a wide voltage window of 5–650 mV versus Li, but capacity fade was rapid. Cycling over the range 50–225 mV versus Li produced a stable discharge capacity of approximately 100 mAh/g. X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments showed that lithium insertion converts Mg2Si into Li2MgSi after lithium intercalation into Mg2Si. Electrochemical evidence of Li–Si reactions indicated that the Li2MgSi structure can be converted to binary lithium alloys with extensive charging. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Anode materials
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Magnesium silicide
KW  - Mg2Si
N1  - Accession Number: 9640917; Roberts, G.A.; Email Address: ejcairns@lbl.gov Cairns, E.J. 1 Reimer, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p424; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anode materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium silicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mg2Si; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urbina, Angel
AU  - Paez, Thomas L.
AU  - Jungst, Rudolph G.
AU  - Liaw, Bor Yann
T1  - Inductive modeling of lithium-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 430
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Sandia National Laboratories has conducted a sequence of studies on the performance of lithium ion and other types of electrochemical cells using inductive models. The objectives of some of these investigations are: (1) to develop procedures to rapidly determine performance degradation rates while these cells undergo life tests; (2) to model cell voltage and capacity in order to simulate cell output under variable load and temperature conditions; (3) to model rechargeable battery degradation under conditions of cyclic charge/discharge, and many others. Among the uses for the models are: (1) to enable efficient predictions of battery life; (2) to characterize system behavior.Inductive models seek to characterize system behavior using experimentally or analytically obtained data in an efficient and robust framework that does not require phenomenological development. There are certain advantages to this. Among these advantages is the ability to avoid making measurements of hard to determine physical parameters or having to understand cell processes sufficiently to write mathematical functions describing their behavior. We have used artificial neural networks (ANNs) for inductive modeling, along with ancillary mathematical tools to improve their accuracy.This paper summarizes efforts to use inductive tools for cell and battery modeling. Examples of numerical results are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - Artificial neural networks
KW  - Inductive modeling
KW  - Lithium ion
KW  - Singular value decomposition
N1  - Accession Number: 9640918; Urbina, Angel 1 Paez, Thomas L. 1; Email Address: tlpaez@sandia.gov Jungst, Rudolph G. 2 Liaw, Bor Yann 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Validation and Uncertainty Quantification, 9133, Mail Stop 0557, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0557, USA  2: Lithium Battery R&D Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 2521, Mail Stop 0613, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0613, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p430; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Author-Supplied Keyword: Artificial neural networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inductive modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Singular value decomposition; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Paul
AU  - Bloom, Ira
AU  - Amine, Khalil
AU  - Henriksen, Gary
T1  - Design modeling of lithium-ion battery performance
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A computer design modeling technique has been developed for lithium-ion batteries to assist in setting goals for cell components, assessing materials requirements, and evaluating thermal management strategies. In this study, the input data for the model included design criteria from Quallion, LLC for Gen-2 18650 cells, which were used to test the accuracy of the dimensional modeling. Performance measurements on these cells were done at the electrochemical analysis and diagnostics laboratory (EADL) at Argonne National Laboratory. The impedance and capacity related criteria were calculated from the EADL measurements. Five batteries were designed for which the number of windings around the cell core was increased for each succeeding battery to study the effect of this variable upon the dimensions, weight, and performance of the batteries. The lumped-parameter battery model values were calculated for these batteries from the laboratory results, with adjustments for the current collection resistance calculated for the individual batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - Battery modeling
KW  - Cell testing
KW  - Hybrid electric vehicle
KW  - Lithium-ion
KW  - Lumped-parameter model
KW  - PNGV battery
N1  - Accession Number: 9640919; Nelson, Paul; Email Address: nelson@cmt.anl.gov Bloom, Ira 1 Amine, Khalil 1 Henriksen, Gary 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 205, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p437; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid electric vehicle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lumped-parameter model; Author-Supplied Keyword: PNGV battery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, R.B.
AU  - Motloch, C.G.
AU  - Belt, J.R.
AU  - Christophersen, J.P.
AU  - Ho, C.D.
AU  - Richardson, R.A.
AU  - Bloom, I.
AU  - Jones, S.A.
AU  - Battaglia, V.S.
AU  - Henriksen, G.L.
AU  - Unkelhaeuser, T.
AU  - Ingersoll, D.
AU  - Case, H.L.
AU  - Rogers, S.A.
AU  - Sutula, R.A.
T1  - Calendar- and cycle-life studies of advanced technology development program generation 1 lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 03787753
AB  - This paper presents the test results and life modeling of special calendar- and cycle-life tests conducted on 18650-size generation 1 (Gen 1) lithium-ion battery cells (nominal capacity of 0.9 Ah; 3.0–4.1 V rating) developed to establish a baseline chemistry and performance for the Department of Energy sponsored advanced technology development (ATD) program. Electrical performance testing was conducted at the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Sandia National Laboratory (SNL) and the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL).As part of the electrical performance testing, a new calendar-life test protocol was used. The test consisted of a once per day discharge and charge pulse designed to have minimal impact on the cell yet establish its performance over a period of time such that the calendar-life of the cell could be determined. The calendar-life test matrix included two states-of-charge (SOCs) (i.e. 60 and 80%) and four test temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C). Discharge and regen resistances were calculated from the test data. Results indicate that both the discharge and regen resistances increased non-linearly as a function of the test time. The magnitude of the resistances depended on the temperature and SOC at which the test was conducted. Both resistances had a non-linear increase with respect to time at test temperature. The discharge resistances are greater than the regen resistances at all of the test temperatures of 40, 50, 60 and 70 °C. For both the discharge and regen resistances, generally the higher the test temperature, the lower the resistance.The measured resistances were then used to develop an empirical model that was used to predict the calendar-life of the cells. This model accounted for the time, temperature and SOC of the batteries during the calendar-life test. The functional form of the model is given by: R<F>(t,T,SOC)=A</F>(T, SOC)F<F>(t)+B</F>(T, SOC), where t is the time at test temperature, T the test temperature and SOC the SOC of the cell at the start of the test. A(T, SOC) and B(T, SOC) are assumed to be functions of the temperature and SOC; F is assumed to only be a function of the time at test temperature. Using curve-fitting techniques for a number of time-dependent functions, it was found that both the discharge and regen resistances were best correlated with F(t) having a square-root of test time dependence. These results led to the relationship for the discharge and regen resistances: R<F>(t,T,SOC)=A</F>(T, SOC)<F>t1/2+B</F>(T, SOC). The square-root of time dependence can be accounted for by either a one-dimensional diffusion type of mechanism, presumably of the lithium-ions or by a parabolic growth mechanism for the growth of a thin-film solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer on the anode and/or cathode. The temperature dependence of the resistance was then investigated using various model fits to the functions A(T, SOC) and B(T, SOC). The results of this exercise lead to a functional form for the temperature dependence of the fitting functions having an Arrhenius-like form: A<F>(T,SOC)=a</F>(SOC){exp[b(SOC)/T]} and B<F>(T,SOC)=c</F>(SOC){exp[d(SOC)/T]}, where a and c are constants, and b and d are related to activation energy (Eb and Ed) by using the gas constant (R) such that <F>b=Eb</F>/R and <F>d=Ed</F>/R. The functional form, therefore, for the discharge and regen resistances, including the SOC, is then: R<F>(t,T,SOC)=a</F>(SOC){exp[b(SOC)/T]}<F>t1/2+c</F>(SOC){exp[d(SOC)/T]}. The a, b, c and d parameters are explicitly shown as being functions of the SOC. However, due to the lack of testing at SOC values other than 60 and 80% SOC, the exact form of the SOC dependence could not be determined from the experimental data. The values of a, b, c and d were determined, thus permitting the function R(t, T, SOC) to be used to correlate the discharge and regen data and to predict what the resistances would be at different test times and temperatures.This paper also presents, discusses and models the results of a special cycle-life test conducted for a period of time at specified temperatures of 40, 50, 60 and 70 °C. This test, consisting of specified discharge and charge protocols, was designed to establish the cycle-life performance of the cells over a time interval such that their cycle-life could be determined. The cycle-life test was conducted at 60% SOC, with SOC swings of Δ3, Δ6 and Δ9%. During the cycle-life test, the discharge and regen resistances were determined after every 100 test cycles. The results of the cycle-life testing indicate that both the discharge and regen resistances increased non-linearly as a function of the test time at each Δ% SOC test. The magnitude of the resistances and the rate at which they changed depended on the temperature and Δ% SOC at which the test was conducted. Both resistances had a non-linear increase with respect to time at test temperature, i.e. as the number of test cycles increased the discharge and regen resistances increased also. For a given Δ% SOC test, the discharge resistances are greater than the regen resistances at all of the test temperatures of 40, 50, 60 and 70 °C. For both the discharge and regen resistances, generally the higher the test temperature, the lower the resistance. At each of the four test temperatures, the magnitude of the discharge and regen resistances was generally in the following order: Δ3% <F>SOC>Δ</F>9% <F>SOC>Δ</F>6% SOC, but the ordering was dependent on test time.A model was also developed to account for the time, temperature, SOC and Δ% SOC of the batteries during the cycle-life test. The functional form of the model is given by R<F>(t,T,SOC,Δ% SOC)=A</F>(T, SOC, Δ% SOC)F<F>(t)+B</F>(T, SOC, Δ% SOC) where t is the time at test temperature, T the test temperature, SOC the SOC of the cell at the start and end of the test and Δ% SOC the SOC swing during the test. A(T, SOC, Δ% SOC) and B(T, SOC, Δ% SOC) are assumed to be functions of the test temperature, SOC and Δ% SOC swing. F(t) is assumed to only be a function of the test time at test temperature. Using curve-fitting techniques for a number of time-dependent functions, it was found that both the discharge and regen resistances were best correlated by a square-root of test time dependence. These results led to the relationship for the discharge and regen resistances having the form R<F>(t,T,SOC,Δ% SOC)=A</F>(T, SOC, Δ% SOC)<F>t1/2+B</F>(T, SOC, Δ% SOC). This model is essentially the same as used to analyze the calendar-life test data. The temperature dependence of the resistance was then investigated using various model fits to the functions A(T) and B(T). The results of this exercise lead to a functional form for the functions having again an Arrhenius-like form: A<F>(T)=a</F>[exp(b/T)] and B<F>(T)=c</F>[exp(d/T)] where a and c are constants, and b and d are related to activation energies. The functional form, therefore, for the discharge and regen resistances including the SOC and Δ% SOC is R<F>(t,T,SOC,Δ% SOC)=a</F>(SOC, Δ% SOC){exp[b(SOC, Δ% SOC)/T]}<F>t1/2+c</F>(SOC, Δ% SOC){exp[d(SOC, Δ% SOC)/T]}. The a, b, c and d parameters are explicitly shown as being functions of the SOC and the Δ% SOC. However, due to the lack of testing at SOC values other than 60% SOC, the exact form of the SOC dependence could not be determined from the experimental data. In addition, no model was found that consistently correlated the observed resistance changes with the Δ% SOC of the tests. Eliminating the SOC and Δ% SOC from the resistance function, the function R(t, T) was then used to correlate the discharge and regen resistances data. This model also allows the prediction of what the resistances would be at different test times at a particular Δ% SOC test condition and temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - Arrhenius kinetics
KW  - Battery calendar-life
KW  - Battery cycle-life
KW  - Battery modeling
KW  - Lithium-ion batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 9640921; Wright, R.B. 1; Email Address: rbw2@inel.gov Motloch, C.G. 1 Belt, J.R. 1 Christophersen, J.P. 1 Ho, C.D. 1 Richardson, R.A. 1 Bloom, I. 2 Jones, S.A. 2 Battaglia, V.S. 2 Henriksen, G.L. 2 Unkelhaeuser, T. 3 Ingersoll, D. 3 Case, H.L. 3 Rogers, S.A. 4 Sutula, R.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, MS-3830, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-3830, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0613, USA  4: US Department of Energy, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20858, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p445; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arrhenius kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery calendar-life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery cycle-life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stepantsov, S.V.
AU  - Bogdanov, D.D.
AU  - Fomichev, A.S.
AU  - Rodin, A.M.
AU  - Sidorchuk, S.I.
AU  - Slepnev, R.S.
AU  - Ter-Akopian, G.M.
AU  - Wolski, R.
AU  - Chelnokov, M.L.
AU  - Gorshkov, V.A.
AU  - Oganessian, Yu.Ts.
AU  - Alamanos, N.
AU  - Auger, F.
AU  - Lapoux, V.
AU  - Lobo, G.
AU  - Amos, K.
AU  - Deb, P.K.
AU  - Karataglidis, S.
AU  - Golovkov, M.S.
AU  - Korsheninnikov, A.A.
T1  - 24.5 <f>A</f> MeV 6He<f>+p</f> elastic and inelastic scattering
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 542
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The structure of 6He is explored with proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first <f>2+</f> excited state <f>(Q=−1.8 MeV)</f> of 6He in the inverse kinematics using a 24.5 <f>A</f> MeV 6He beam. The distorted wave approximation (DWA) with an optical potential obtained by folding an effective nucleon–nucleon (NN) <f>g</f>-matrix with the 6He density matrix elements as given by a large basis shell model is used to analyse the data. The comparison of predictions with the data confirms the view that 6He has an extended (halo) neutron matter distribution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS -- Scattering
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Halo nuclei
KW  - Inelastic proton scattering
KW  - Microscopic calculations
N1  - Accession Number: 7861861; Stepantsov, S.V. 1; Email Address: stepan@suntimpx.jinr.ru Bogdanov, D.D. 1 Fomichev, A.S. 1 Rodin, A.M. 1 Sidorchuk, S.I. 1 Slepnev, R.S. 1 Ter-Akopian, G.M. 1 Wolski, R. 1,2 Chelnokov, M.L. 1 Gorshkov, V.A. 1 Oganessian, Yu.Ts. 1 Alamanos, N. 3 Auger, F. 3 Lapoux, V. 3 Lobo, G. 3 Amos, K. 4 Deb, P.K. 4 Karataglidis, S. 5 Golovkov, M.S. 6 Korsheninnikov, A.A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, JINR, 141980 Dubna, Russia  2: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cracow, Poland  3: DSM/DAPNIA/SPhN CEA SACLAY, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France  4: School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 30010, Australia  5: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA  6: RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-01, Japan; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 542 Issue 1/2, p35; Subject Term: PROTONS -- Scattering; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halo nuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic proton scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopic calculations; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Ryan D.
AU  - Doll, Gary L.
AU  - Morrison Jr., Philip W.
AU  - Bentley, James
AU  - More, Karren L.
AU  - Glass, Jeffrey T.
T1  - The effects of structure, composition, and chemical bonding on the mechanical properties of Si-aC:H thin films
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2002/08/22/
VL  - 157
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 02578972
AB  - The objective of this study was to correlate mechanical properties with the structure and chemistry of silicon-incorporated amorphous hydrocarbon (Si-aC:H) films deposited by reactive sputtering. Hardness and elastic modulus were measured via microindentation, and intrinsic compressive stress was determined from radius-of-curvature measurements using surface mapping microscopy. Film chemistry was investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron energy-loss spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Conventional- and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that the Si-aC:H phase is amorphous and TiC exists at the Si-aC:H/Ti phase boundary. Mechanical properties such as hardness, modulus, and intrinsic stress decreased with increasing Si and H content in the films, for Si/C&ges;0.04. Measurements show that this is most likely due to a decrease in C&z.sbnd;C sp3 bonds, accompanied by an increase in C&z.sbnd;Si and C&z.sbnd;H bonds. In addition, the Si-aC:H film with Si/C=0.04 is fundamentally different from the other Si-aC:H films with higher Si and H contents. It is concluded that a film with diamond-like carbon characteristics can be deposited using a low tetramethyl silane (TMS) flow rate, such that Si/C=0.04 in the film. However, films deposited with higher TMS flow rates (such that Si/C&ges;0.06 in the films) are more characteristic of amorphous hydrogenated silicon carbide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - Diamond-like carbon
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Reactive sputtering
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7834767; Evans, Ryan D. 1 Doll, Gary L. 1 Morrison Jr., Philip W. 1 Bentley, James 2 More, Karren L. 2 Glass, Jeffrey T. 1; Email Address: jtg4@po.cwru.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 157 Issue 2/3, p197; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond-like carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sorensen, Karen J.
AU  - Attix, Cristina M.
AU  - Christian, Allen T.
AU  - Wyrobek, Andrew J.
AU  - Tucker, James D.
T1  - Adaptive response induction and variation in human lymphoblastoid cell lines
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/08/26/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Adaptive response is a term used to describe the ability of a low, priming dose of ionizing radiation to modify the effects of a subsequent higher, challenge dose, but it has been observed to be highly variable in both presence and magnitude. To examine this variability, 10 human lymphoblastoid cell lines were screened for adaptability to <F>137Cs</F> radiation by determining the frequency of micronuclei in binucleated cells. Of these, six adapted, three did not adapt and one was synergistic. The assay was then repeated on each of the cell lines to test for reproducibility. Five cell lines showed the same result both times; four of these adapted and one did not.To determine whether fluctuations in the cell cycle distribution in the irradiated population of cells could alter the adaptive response, and therefore explain some of the observed variability, two of the cell lines were tested for adaptation after enriching the population, by synchronization, for a given cell cycle stage. In both cell lines, the direction of the response was altered when the distribution of cells within the cell cycle was changed, suggesting that the adaptive response can be affected by cell cycle stage at the time of irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Cell lines
KW  - Adaptive response
KW  - Human lymphoblastoid cells
N1  - Accession Number: 7856935; Sorensen, Karen J. 1; Email Address: sorensen8@llnl.gov; Attix, Cristina M. 1; Christian, Allen T. 1; Wyrobek, Andrew J. 1; Tucker, James D.; Email Address: tucker5@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-448 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Issue Info: Aug2002, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p15; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: Cell lines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human lymphoblastoid cells; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gelis, F.
AU  - Peshier, A.
T1  - Probing colored glass via <f>qq¯</f> photoproduction II: diffraction
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/08/26/
VL  - 707
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 03759474
AB  - In this paper, we consider the diffractive photoproduction of quark–antiquark pairs in peripheral heavy-ion collisions. The color field of the nuclei is treated within the Colored Glass Condensate model. The cross section turns out to be very sensitive to the value of the saturation scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DIFFRACTIVE scattering
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 7845383; Gelis, F. 1; Email Address: gelis@th.u-psud.fr Peshier, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physique Téorique, Bât. 210, Université Paris XI, 91405 Orsay cedex, France  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Department, Nuclear Theory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 707 Issue 1/2, p175; Subject Term: DIFFRACTIVE scattering; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirata, Yuichi
AU  - Ohnishi, Akira
AU  - Nara, Yasushi
AU  - Kido, Toshihiko
AU  - Maruyama, Toshiki
AU  - Otuka, Naohiko
AU  - Niita, Koji
AU  - Takada, Hiroshi
AU  - Chiba, Satoshi
T1  - Sideward peak of intermediate mass fragments  in high energy proton induced reactions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/08/26/
VL  - 707
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Intermediate mass fragment (IMF) formation in the 12 GeV proton induced reaction on Au target is analyzed by using a combined framework of a transport model (JAM/MF) and a newly developed nonequilibrium percolation (NEP) model. In this model, we can well reproduce the mass distribution of fragments. In addition, the sideward-peaked angular distribution would emerge under the condition that the fragment formation time is very short, around 20 fm<f>/c</f>. Within this short time period, the unheated part of the residual nucleus is kept to have doughnut shape, then the Coulomb repulsion from this shape strengthens the sideward peak of IMF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRAGMENTATION reactions
KW  - PERCOLATION (Statistical physics)
KW  - Coulomb force
KW  - Intermediate mass fragment
KW  - Multifragmentation
KW  - Sideward angular distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 7845384; Hirata, Yuichi 1,2,3; Email Address: hirata@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp Ohnishi, Akira 1 Nara, Yasushi 4 Kido, Toshihiko 2,5 Maruyama, Toshiki 2 Otuka, Naohiko 1,6 Niita, Koji 7 Takada, Hiroshi 8 Chiba, Satoshi 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan  2: Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  3: Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan  4: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: Hitechs Inc., Kurobe 938-0044, Japan  6: Meme Media Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan  7: Research Organization for Information Science & Technology, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  8: Center for Neutron Science, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 707 Issue 1/2, p193; Subject Term: FRAGMENTATION reactions; Subject Term: PERCOLATION (Statistical physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulomb force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermediate mass fragment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multifragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sideward angular distribution; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Joon Myong
AU  - Mobley, Joel
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Integrated circuit microchip system with multiplex capillary electrophoresis module for DNA analysis
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/27/
VL  - 466
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 00032670
AB  - In this paper, we describe the use of an integrated circuit (IC) microchip system as a detector in multiplex capillary electrophoresis (CE). This combination of multiplex capillary gel electrophoresis and the IC microchip technology represents a novel approach to DNA analysis on the microchip platform. Separation of DNA ladders using a multiplex CE microsystem of four capillaries was monitored simultaneously using the IC microchip system. The IC microchip–CE system has advantages such as low cost, rapid analysis, compactness, and multiplex capability, and has great potential as an alternative system to conventional capillary array gel electrophoresis systems based on charge-coupled device (CCD) detection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
KW  - Capillary array electrophoresis
KW  - DNA ladder
KW  - DNA separation
KW  - IC microchip
N1  - Accession Number: 7861162; Song, Joon Myong 1 Mobley, Joel 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 466 Issue 2, p187; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary array electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA ladder; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: IC microchip; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - La Parola, V.
AU  - Deganello, G.
AU  - Tewell, C.R.
AU  - Venezia, A.M.
T1  - Structural characterisation of silica supported CoMo catalysts by UV Raman spectroscopy, XPS and X-ray diffraction techniques
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2002/08/30/
VL  - 235
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - The structure of Co-Mo catalysts supported on commercial silica, doped with various amounts of sodium ions, was investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Two series of samples were considered. One series was prepared by classic incipient wet impregnation (WI) and the other series by co-impregnation in the presence of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA). The effect of sodium on the catalyst structure depended on the preparation procedure: in the case of the WI catalysts, sodium promoted the transformation of the polymolybdate species into monomolybdate Na2MoO4; in the case of the NTA prepared samples, sodium induced transformation from heptamolybdates, Mo2O72− and mixed CoMo oxides into MoO42− units with distorted tetrahedral symmetry without forming Na2MoO4 compound. In addition to purely structural modifications, sodium induced an electronic effect, evidenced by Mo 3d and Co 2p XPS binding energy shifts. The catalytic behaviour of the samples, previously tested in the HDS of thiophene, was explained in terms of structural and electronic changes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COBALT catalysts
KW  - SODIUM ions
KW  - CoMo/silica
KW  - HDS
KW  - Raman
KW  - Sodium
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 7872918; La Parola, V. 1 Deganello, G. 1,2 Tewell, C.R. 3,4 Venezia, A.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganicae Chimica Analiticca “S. Cannizzoro”, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco D’Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy  2: Instituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati del CNR<FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>ex ICTPN-CNR.</FN>- Sezione Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 235 Issue 1/2, p171; Subject Term: COBALT catalysts; Subject Term: SODIUM ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: CoMo/silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: HDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tripković, A.V.
AU  - Popović, K.D.
AU  - Grgur, B.N.
AU  - Blizanac, B.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
AU  - Marković, N.M.
T1  - Methanol electrooxidation on supported Pt and PtRu catalysts in acid and alkaline solutions
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/30/
VL  - 47
IS  - 22/23
M3  - Article
SP  - 3707
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The kinetics of methanol oxidation on supported 47.5 wt.% Pt and 54 wt.% Pt&z.sbnd;Ru (with nominal Pt:Ru ratios of 2:3) catalysts are measured in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 0.1 NaOH at 295 and 333 K using thin-film rotating disk electrode (RDE) method. It was found that the activity of Pt and Pt&z.sbnd;Ru for methanol oxidation is a strong function of pH of solution and temperature. The kinetics are much higher in alkaline than in acid solution; at 333 K, a factor of 30 for Pt and a factor of 20 for Pt2Ru3 at 0.5 V. The pH effect is attributed to the pH competitive adsorption of oxygenated species with anions from supporting electrolytes. The activity of Pt and Pt2Ru3 catalysts at 333 K is higher (a factor of 5) than at 295 K. Irrespective of pH, only negligible differences in the kinetics are observed between Pt and on high Ru content Pt alloys, presumably owing to a slow rate of methanol dehydrogenation on the Ru-rich surface and insufficient number of Pt sites required for dissociative chemisorption of methanol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ROTATING disks
KW  - Pt&z.sbnd;Ru alloy
KW  - Rotating disk electrode (RDE)
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
KW  - X-ray diffraction (XRD)
N1  - Accession Number: 7866509; Tripković, A.V. 1 Popović, K.D. 1 Grgur, B.N. 2 Blizanac, B. 3 Ross, P.N. 3 Marković, N.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Electrochemistry, ICTM, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, P.O. Box 815, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, Yugoslavia  2: Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Yugoslavia  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 47 Issue 22/23, p3707; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ROTATING disks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt&z.sbnd;Ru alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating disk electrode (RDE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction (XRD); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmidt, T.J.
AU  - Stamenkovic, V.
AU  - Arenz, M.
AU  - Markovic, N.M.
AU  - Ross Jr., P.N.
T1  - Oxygen electrocatalysis in alkaline electrolyte: Pt(hkl), Au(hkl) and the effect of Pd-modification
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/30/
VL  - 47
IS  - 22/23
M3  - Article
SP  - 3765
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied in alkaline electrolyte at 293–333 K on bare and Pd modified Pt(hkl) and Au(hkl) surfaces. The rotating ring-disk electrode technique was used to study the ORR with solution phase peroxide detected at the ring electrode. Pd modification was either by electrodeposition (Pt) or by vapor deposition in vacuum (Au). The surface concentration of Pd was determined in vacuum using low energy ion scattering. In agreement to the structure sensitivity found at room temperature previously, on the bare Au(hkl) surfaces the ORR was found to be strongly structure sensitive in the temperature range from 293 to 333 K, with order of activity being (100)≫(110)>(111). The structure sensitivity for Pt(hkl) is much less and varies in the nearly the opposite order (111)>(100)>(110). The peroxide intermediate pathway is clearly operative on Au(hkl) surfaces. At elevated temperature, significantly smaller amounts of peroxide are formed. The kinetics of the ORR were significantly enhanced by modification of both Pt(hkl) and Au(hkl) surfaces with Pd. The catalytic effect is most pronounced on the surfaces that are less active surfaces in the unmodified state, with enhancement at least an order of magnitude faster kinetics. Pd modification of the Au(hkl) surfaces, therefore, significantly reduces the structure sensitivity of the ORR. Even on the highly active Pt(111) surface the kinetics can be improved by a factor of approximately two to four due to Pd modification. The catalytic enhancement can be achieved with as little as 18 at.% Pd in the Au(hkl) surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Au(hkl)
KW  - Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)
KW  - Pt(hkl)
KW  - Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE)
N1  - Accession Number: 7866517; Schmidt, T.J.; Email Address: tom.schmidt@psi.ch Stamenkovic, V. 1 Arenz, M. Markovic, N.M. 1 Ross Jr., P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 47 Issue 22/23, p3765; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Au(hkl); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt(hkl); Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inoue, H.
AU  - Brankovic, S.R.
AU  - Wang, J.X.
AU  - Adžić, R.R.
T1  - Oxygen reduction on bare and Pt monolayer-modified Ru(0001), Ru(10<f><a valign="u"><ac>1</ac><ac>¯</ac></a></f>0) and Ru nanostructured surfaces
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/30/
VL  - 47
IS  - 22/23
M3  - Article
SP  - 3777
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Oxygen reduction kinetics on bare and Pt-modified Ru(10<f>1¯</f>0) and Ru(0001) single crystal surfaces, and on carbon-supported Ru nanoparticles have been investigated. Spontaneous deposition of Pt was used to form approximately 1.5 and 0.5 monolayers on Ru single crystals and nanoparticles, respectively. The reaction kinetics of O2 on single crystal surfaces has a small structural dependence. It is also affected by the oxidation state of the Ru surfaces. The reaction involves the exchange of approximately four electrons per O2 molecule, with the transfer of the first electron being the rate determining step. A deposit of 1.5 monolayers of Pt makes the surfaces considerably more active than bare Ru, but nevertheless still less active than bulk Pt. An electrocatalyst made by the deposition 0.5 monolayers of Pt on carbon-supported Ru nanoparticles is somewhat less active than commercial catalysts, but contains considerably lower Pt loadings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - CRYSTAL whiskers
KW  - Bimetallic surfaces
KW  - Oxygen reduction
KW  - Platinum
KW  - Rotating disk-ring electrode
KW  - Ruthenium
N1  - Accession Number: 7866518; Inoue, H. Brankovic, S.R. Wang, J.X. 1 Adžić, R.R.; Email Address: adzic@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 47 Issue 22/23, p3777; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: CRYSTAL whiskers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bimetallic surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating disk-ring electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paulus, U.A.
AU  - Wokaun, A.
AU  - Scherer, G.G.
AU  - Schmidt, T.J.
AU  - Stamenkovic, V.
AU  - Markovic, N.M.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
T1  - Oxygen reduction on high surface area Pt-based alloy catalysts in comparison to well defined smooth bulk alloy electrodes
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/30/
VL  - 47
IS  - 22/23
M3  - Article
SP  - 3787
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The oxygen reduction reaction (orr) has been studied on carbon supported multimetallic catalysts in aqueous acidic electrolyte. The bimetallic catalysts had the nominal compositions of 50 and 75 at.% Pt with the alloying elements being Ni and Co. A ternary catalyst consisted of Pt, Rh and Fe in the ratio of 1:0.3:0.7. Comparison is made to carbon supported Pt. The particle size distribution of the metallic phases was obtained by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). An estimation of the surface composition was obtained from the hydrogen adsorption charge and the particle size. Electrochemical measurements were performed using the thin-film rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) method in 0.1 M HClO4 at 20–60 °C. Kinetic analysis in comparison to pure Pt revealed an activity enhancement (per Pt surface atom) of a factor of 2 to 3 for the 50 at.% Co-catalyst. The 25 at.% Co(Ni) and the ternary catalyst revealed similar activity compared with pure Pt. The 50 at.% Ni catalyst was actually less active than the Pt standard and unstable at oxygen electrode potentials. Ring-current collection measurements for peroxide indicated no significant differences between the alloy catalysts and pure Pt with the exception of the 50 at.% Ni catalyst which had a higher peroxide yield. Comparison was also made to results obtained under equal experimental conditions on polycrystalline (pc) Pt3Ni and Pt3Co alloy electrodes. These bulk alloys were prepared in UHV to obtain a well defined surface composition of 75 at.% Pt and 25 at.% Co and Ni, respectively. A Pt(pc) electrode served for comparison. The bulk alloys also have an enhanced activity for the orr by about a factor of 2 versus the identically prepared Pt(pc) electrode. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - Oxygen reduction
KW  - Platinum alloy
KW  - Rotating ring-disk-electrode
N1  - Accession Number: 7866519; Paulus, U.A. 1; Email Address: ursula.paulus@psi.ch Wokaun, A. 1 Scherer, G.G. 1 Schmidt, T.J. 2 Stamenkovic, V. 2 Markovic, N.M. 2 Ross, P.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Electrochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 47 Issue 22/23, p3787; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating ring-disk-electrode; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uribe, Francisco A.
AU  - Zawodzinski Jr., Thomas A.
T1  - A study of polymer electrolyte fuel cell performance at high voltages. Dependence on cathode catalyst layer composition and on voltage conditioning
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/08/30/
VL  - 47
IS  - 22/23
M3  - Article
SP  - 3799
SN  - 00134686
AB  - We report polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) performances at high cell voltages (>0.7 V). We have tested various carbon supported Pt&z.sbnd;M alloys (M: Cr, Ni, Rh, Sn) as cathode catalysts and compared performances with Pt/C. Pt&z.sbnd;Ni and Pt&z.sbnd;Cr provided the best results. Fuel cell performance at high constant voltages (>0.8 V) decreases rapidly with time. Within 1 h currents may drop to one half of their original value. Experiments strongly suggest that, at these voltages, there is an inherent Pt activity loss for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to adsorption of oxygenated species from water. We also demonstrate that OH− species (from water oxidation), which block Pt active sites, adsorb at more positive voltages on Pt&z.sbnd;M than on Pt surfaces. Thus, we conclude that the Pt surfaces of these alloys are more active for the ORR because of slower OH− species adsorption at high cell voltages. We have also found that short time cell voltage excursions from 0.8 to 0.5 V or lower at regular intervals, completely recovers the loss of performance. Consistent with our other results, pulsing to lower voltages reactivates the Pt surface by electrodesorption of OH− or other anions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - Cathode catalyst
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - ORR
KW  - Voltage pulsing
N1  - Accession Number: 7866520; Uribe, Francisco A. Zawodzinski Jr., Thomas A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electronic and Electrochemical Materials and Devices, MST-11, MS-D429, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 47 Issue 22/23, p3799; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode catalyst; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voltage pulsing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silin, D.B.
AU  - Tsang, C.-F.
T1  - Estimation of formation hydraulic properties accounting for pre-test injection or production operations
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/08/30/
VL  - 265
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00221694
AB  - We propose to use regular monitoring data from a production or injection well for estimating the formation properties around the wellbore without interrupting the operations. Thus, instead of shutting-in the well for a substantial time period, we propose to select a portion of the pumping data over a certain time interval and then derive our conclusions from these data. A distinctive feature of our analysis is that we introduce an auxiliary parameter to account for the possible after-effects of pumping that preceded the test interval and, consequently, the non-uniform initial pressure conditions. We demonstrate that those effects influence not only the analysis of regular operations data, but also the analysis of a traditional pressure drawdown or pressure buildup test with a prior shut-in period. We show that phenomena usually attributed to wellbore storage or skin effects can be at least partially interpreted through the parameter we introduce. Unlike some traditional methods, our analysis utilizes almost the entire test time period for curve-fitting. It turns out that it produces good data matching even if the test period is short and the frequency of measurements is low.Another distinctive feature of the present approach is that the parameter estimation problem is reduced to a combination of quadratic criterion minimization and a search for the minimum of a one-variable function. Because we can obtain the solution to the quadratic problem analytically, we significantly simplify the problem and dramatically reduce the amount of computations required. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRAULIC control
KW  - INJECTION wells
KW  - Hydraulic conductivity
KW  - Parameters estimation
KW  - Pumping test
KW  - Radial transient flow equation
KW  - Skin effect
N1  - Accession Number: 7855127; Silin, D.B. 1 Tsang, C.-F.; Email Address: cftsang@lb.gov; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2002, Vol. 265 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC control; Subject Term: INJECTION wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydraulic conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parameters estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pumping test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radial transient flow equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Skin effect; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - West, Tristram O.
AU  - Marland, Gregg
T1  - A synthesis of carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, and net carbon flux in agriculture: comparing tillage practices in the United States
JO  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
JF  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 91
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 01678809
AB  - The atmospheric CO2 concentration is increasing, due primarily to fossil-fuel combustion and deforestation. Sequestering atmospheric C in agricultural soils is being advocated as a possibility to partially offset fossil-fuel emissions. Sequestering C in agriculture requires a change in management practices, i.e. efficient use of pesticides, irrigation, and farm machinery. The C emissions associated with a change in practices have not traditionally been incorporated comprehensively into C sequestration analyses. A full C cycle analysis has been completed for agricultural inputs, resulting in estimates of net C flux for three crop types across three tillage intensities. The full C cycle analysis includes estimates of energy use and C emissions for primary fuels, electricity, fertilizers, lime, pesticides, irrigation, seed production, and farm machinery. Total C emissions values were used in conjunction with C sequestration estimates to model net C flux to the atmosphere over time. Based on US average crop inputs, no-till emitted less CO2 from agricultural operations than did conventional tillage, with 137 and 168 kg C ha−1 per year, respectively. Changing from conventional tillage to no-till is therefore estimated to both enhance C sequestration and decrease CO2 emissions. While the enhanced C sequestration will continue for a finite time, the reduction in net CO2 flux to the atmosphere, caused by the reduced fossil-fuel use, can continue indefinitely, as long as the alternative practice is continued. Estimates of net C flux, which are based on US average inputs, will vary across crop type and different climate regimes. The C coefficients calculated for agricultural inputs can be used to estimate C emissions and net C flux on a site-specific basis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Deforestation
KW  - Agriculture emissions
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Conservation tillage
KW  - Corn
KW  - No-till
KW  - Soil organic carbon
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Wheat
N1  - Accession Number: 7868283; West, Tristram O. 1; Email Address: westto@ornl.gov; Marland, Gregg 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg 1509, M.S. 6335, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA; Issue Info: Sep2002, Vol. 91 Issue 1-3, p217; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Deforestation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Agriculture emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation tillage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corn; Author-Supplied Keyword: No-till; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soybean; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wheat; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mendell, Mark J.
AU  - Fisk, William J.
AU  - Kreiss, Kathleen
AU  - Levin, Hal
AU  - Alexander, Darryl
AU  - Cain, William S.
AU  - Girman, John R.
AU  - Hines, Cynthia J.
AU  - Jensen, Paul A.
AU  - Milton, Donald K.
AU  - Rexroat, Larry P.
AU  - Willingford, Kenneth M.
T1  - Improving the Health of Workers in Indoor Environments: Priority Research Needs for a National Occupational Research Agenda.
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
JF  - American Journal of Public Health
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 92
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1430
EP  - 1440
PB  - American Public Health Association
SN  - 00900036
AB  - Indoor nonindustrial work environments were designated a priority research area through the nationwide stakeholder process that created the National Occupational Research Agenda. A multidisciplinary research team used member consensus and quantitative estimates, with extensive external review, to develop a specific research agenda. The team outlined the following priority research topics: building-influenced communicable respiratory infections, building-related asthma/allergic diseases, and nonspecific building-related symptoms; indoor environmental science; and methods for increasing implementation of healthful building practices. Available data surest that improving building environments may result in health benefits for more than 15 million of the 89 million US indoor workers, with estimated economic benefits of $5 to $75 billion annually. Research on these topics, requiring new collaborations and resources, offers enormous potential health and economic returns. (Am J Public Health. 2002;92:1430-1440) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - WORK-related injuries
KW  - WORK environment
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL diseases
KW  - ACCIDENT prevention
KW  - INDUSTRIAL hygiene
N1  - Accession Number: 7285804; Mendell, Mark J. 1; Email Address: mjmendell@ibi.gov Fisk, William J. 1 Kreiss, Kathleen 2 Levin, Hal 3 Alexander, Darryl 4 Cain, William S. 5 Girman, John R. 6 Hines, Cynthia J. 7 Jensen, Paul A. 2 Milton, Donald K. 8 Rexroat, Larry P. 9 Willingford, Kenneth M. 7; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif.  2: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies  3: Building Ecology Research Group, San Diego, Calif.  4: American Federation of Teachers, Washington, DC  5: Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine  6: US Environmental Protection Agency, Indoor Environment Division Washington DC  7: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Surveillace, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies  8: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Mass.  9: US General Services Administration, Public Building Service, Creater Southwest Region Fort Worth Tex.; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 92 Issue 9, p1430; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL safety; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: WORK-related injuries; Subject Term: WORK environment; Subject Term: OCCUPATIONAL diseases; Subject Term: ACCIDENT prevention; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL hygiene; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 10125
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regnier, P.
AU  - O'Kane, J.P.
AU  - Steefel, C.I.
AU  - Vanderborght, J.P.
T1  - Modeling complex multi-component reactive-transport systems: towards a simulation environment based on the concept of a Knowledge Base
JO  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
JF  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
SN  - 0307904X
AB  - A modelling framework within which transport processes in the hydrosphere can be described and interfaced with relevant biogeochemical reactions is presented. Three key elements of this simulation environment are discussed: (1) a numerical engine for solving sets of coupled non-linear process equations; (2) an automated procedure for model code generation (`Automatic Code Generator''); (3) a Web-distributed Knowledge Base (KB) of processes. The Automatic Code Generator translates the information selected in the KB into computer algorithms using the principles defined in the numerical engine. The code CONTRASTE is a first attempt at developing such a modelling framework. It allows one to easily select, adapt and combine a specific set of biogeochemical processes relevant to a user-defined application. The workings of CONTRASTE are described by means of examples which demonstrate how the various components of the simulation environment are coupled and automated. Prospects for future developments towards a fully automated model generation procedure are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematical Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - Automated differentiation
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Knowledge Base
KW  - Mass transport
KW  - Numerical models
KW  - Reactions (chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 7870623; Regnier, P. 1; Email Address: pregnier@geo.uu.nl O'Kane, J.P. 2 Steefel, C.I. 3 Vanderborght, J.P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Biogeochemical Systems Dynamics, Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80021, 3508 TA, Utrecht, The Netherlands  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Ireland, Cork (UCC), Cork, Ireland  3: Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography and Water Geochemistry, Bd. du Triomphe, CP 208, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p913; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automated differentiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Knowledge Base; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactions (chemistry); Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teplova, Marianna
AU  - Wilds, Christopher J.
AU  - Wawrzak, Zdzislaw
AU  - Tereshko, Valentina
AU  - Du, Quan
AU  - Carrasco, Nicolas
AU  - Huang, Zhen
AU  - Egli, Martin
T1  - Covalent incorporation of selenium into oligonucleotides for X-ray crystal structure determination via MAD: proof of principle
JO  - Biochimie
JF  - Biochimie
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 84
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 849
SN  - 03009084
AB  - Selenium was incorporated into an oligodeoxynucleotide in the form of 2′-methylseleno-uridine (USe). The X-ray crystal structure of the duplex ⟦d(GCGTA)USed(ACGC)〉2 was determined by the multiwavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) technique and refined to a resolution of 1.3 A˚, demonstrating that selenium can selectively substitute oxygen in DNA and that the resulting compounds are chemically stable. Since derivatization at the 2′-α-position with selenium does not affect the preference of the sugar for the C3′-endo conformation, this strategy is suitable for incorporating selenium into RNA. The availability of selenium-containing nucleic acids for crystallographic phasing offers an attractive alternative to the commonly used halogenated pyrimidines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochimie is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - Anomalous dispersion
KW  - DNA
KW  - MAD phasing
KW  - Nucleic acids
KW  - RNA
KW  - Selenium labeling
N1  - Accession Number: 8549228; Teplova, Marianna 1 Wilds, Christopher J. 1 Wawrzak, Zdzislaw 2 Tereshko, Valentina 1 Du, Quan 3 Carrasco, Nicolas 3 Huang, Zhen 3 Egli, Martin 1; Email Address: martin.egli@vanderbilt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: DND-CAT Synchrotron Research Center, Sector 5, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, and Program of Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate School, The City University of New York, NY 11210, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 84 Issue 9, p849; Subject Term: SELENIUM; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anomalous dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAD phasing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleic acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selenium labeling; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saiz, E.
AU  - Goldman, M.
AU  - Gomez-Vega, J.M.
AU  - Tomsia, A.P.
AU  - Marshall, G.W.
AU  - Marshall, S.J.
T1  - In vitro behavior of silicate glass coatings on Ti6Al4V
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3749
SN  - 01429612
AB  - The in vitro response in simulated body fluid (SBF) of silicate glass coatings on Ti6Al4V was evaluated. Glasses belonging to the SiO2–CaO–MgO–Na2O–K2O–P2O5 system were used to prepare 50–70 μm thick coatings on Ti6Al4V, employing a simple enameling technique. Glasses with silica content higher than 55 wt% can be used to prepare coatings that do not crack or delaminate and exhibit good adhesion to the alloy. It has been found that coatings with silica content lower than 60 wt% are more susceptible to corrosion and precipitate carbonated hydroxyapatite on their surface during in vitro tests. However, these coatings have a higher thermal expansion than the metal and are under tension. After 2 months in SBF cracks grow in the coating that reach the glass/metal interface and initiate delamination. Glasses with silica content higher than 60 wt% are more resistant to corrosion and have lower thermal expansion. These coatings do not crack but they do not precipitate apatite even after 2 months in SBF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BODY fluids
KW  - GLASS
KW  - HYDROXYAPATITE
KW  - Coatings
KW  - Glass
KW  - Hydroxyapatite
KW  - In vitro
KW  - Ti6Al4V
N1  - Accession Number: 7820498; Saiz, E. 1 Goldman, M. 1 Gomez-Vega, J.M. 1 Tomsia, A.P. 1; Email Address: aptomsia@lbl.gov Marshall, G.W. 2 Marshall, S.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, MS 62-203 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: University of California, Department of Restorative Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 23 Issue 17, p3749; Subject Term: BODY fluids; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: HYDROXYAPATITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroxyapatite; Author-Supplied Keyword: In vitro; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti6Al4V; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hlavacek, William S.
AU  - Redondo, Antonio
AU  - Wofsy, Carla
AU  - Goldstein, Byron
T1  - Kinetic Proofreading in Receptor-Mediated Transduction of Cellular Signals: Receptor Aggregation, Partially Activated Receptors, and Cytosolic Messengers
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
JF  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 64
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 887
SN  - 00928240
AB  - Signaling by the T cell receptor (TCR), and the related immunoreceptor Fc ∊ RI, is sensitive to ligand–receptor binding kinetics. Differences in the rate at which a ligand dissociates from a receptor cause disproportionate differences in signaling events and cellular responses to ligand–receptor engagement. Analysis of a simple mathematical model, developed by McKeithan (1995, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92, 5042–5046), has indicated that such sensitivity to binding kinetics is expected if a bound receptor must complete a cascade of modifications before generating a productive signal. However, recent experiments show that some cellular responses mediated by immunoreceptors escape from the control of kinetic proofreading, in the sense that these responses do not exhibit the expected sensitivity to the lifetime of a ligand–receptor bond. Here, we use an extended form of the McKeithan model to investigate possible explanations for such exceptions to the kinetic proofreading rule. We examine cellular responses triggered by cytosolic messengers, which are activated by modified receptors, and responses triggered by receptors in intermediate states of modification, i.e., receptors that have not progressed through the full series of potential modifications. Receptor aggregation is also considered. We find that the expected relationship between ligand–receptor binding kinetics and cellular responses can change significantly when signal transduction depends on a messenger or a partially modified receptor. In particular, cellular responses triggered by a messenger, such as a transcription factor that translocates from the membrane to the nucleus after receptor-mediated activation, can be sensitive or insensitive to a change in the lifetime of a ligand–receptor bond, depending on the parameters that govern the activation and decay of a messenger. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of Mathematical Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - T cell receptors
KW  - CELLULAR signal transduction
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 8514854; Hlavacek, William S. 1 Redondo, Antonio 2 Wofsy, Carla 3 Goldstein, Byron 4; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology & Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K710, T-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.<fn id="f1"><no>f1</no>wish@lanl.gov</fn>  2: Theoretical Chemistry & Molecular Physics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.<fn id="f2"><no>f2</no>redondo@lanl.gov</fn>  3: Department of Mathematics & Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U.S.A.<fn id="f3"><no>f3</no>wofsy@math.unm.edu</fn>  4: Theoretical Biology & Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.<fn id="f4"><no>f4</no>bxg@lanl.gov</fn>; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 64 Issue 5, p887; Subject Term: T cell receptors; Subject Term: CELLULAR signal transduction; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/bulm.2002.0306
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weaver, Valerie M.
AU  - Lelièvre, Sophie
AU  - Lakins, Johnathon N.
AU  - Chrenek, Micah A.
AU  - Jones, Jonathan C.R.
AU  - Giancotti, Filippo
AU  - Werb, Zena
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
T1  - β4 integrin-dependent formation of polarized three-dimensional architecture confers resistance to apoptosis in normal and malignant mammary epithelium
JO  - Cancer Cell
JF  - Cancer Cell
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 15356108
AB  - Tumor cells can evade chemotherapy by acquiring resistance to apoptosis. We investigated the molecular mechanism whereby malignant and nonmalignant mammary epithelial cells become insensitive to apoptosis. We show that regardless of growth status, formation of polarized, three-dimensional structures driven by basement membrane confers protection to apoptosis in both nonmalignant and malignant mammary epithelial cells. By contrast, irrespective of their malignant status, nonpolarized structures are sensitive to induction of apoptosis. Resistance to apoptosis requires ligation of β4 integrins, which regulates tissue polarity, hemidesmosome formation, and NFκB activation. Expression of β4 integrin that lacks the hemidesmosome targeting domain interferes with tissue polarity and NFκB activation and permits apoptosis. These results indicate that integrin-induced polarity may drive tumor cell resistance to apoptosis-inducing agents via effects on NFκB. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Cell is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - CARCINOMA
KW  - HEMIDESMOSOMES
N1  - Accession Number: 7875736; Weaver, Valerie M. 1; Email Address: vmweaver@mail.med.upenn.edu Lelièvre, Sophie 2 Lakins, Johnathon N. 1 Chrenek, Micah A. 3 Jones, Jonathan C.R. 4 Giancotti, Filippo 5 Werb, Zena 6 Bissell, Mina J. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology and Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA  2: Basic Medical Sciences Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA  3: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada  4: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 USA  5: Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10021 USA  6: Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA  7: Life Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 2 Issue 3, p205; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: CARCINOMA; Subject Term: HEMIDESMOSOMES; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, G.O.
T1  - Quantification and application of skew of breakthrough curves for gases and vapors eluting from activated carbon beds
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 40
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1883
SN  - 00086223
AB  - Vapor and gas breakthrough curves for packed activated carbon beds are often assumed to be symmetrical, when they are actually more often skewed. This skew explains why adsorption rate coefficients calculated at differing breakthrough fractions may not agree. Three extensive databases of breakthrough curves were analyzed to quantify this skew and the effects of relative humidity (preconditioning and use) on it. Skew results for varieties of chemicals and carbons agreed well and were combined to get a quadratic expression for a defined skew parameter. This expression was combined with a previous observation of the effect of breakthrough fraction on calculated rate coefficient. The combination allows estimation of an adsorption rate coefficient at a desired breakthrough fraction from a rate coefficient known (experimentally or by calculation) at another breakthrough fraction. A sample calculation is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COAL gas
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - ACTIVATED carbon
KW  - HYGROMETRY
KW  - A. Activated carbon
KW  - C. Adsorption
KW  - D. Adsorption properties
N1  - Accession Number: 7843804; Wood, G.O. 1; Email Address: gerry@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K-486, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 40 Issue 11, p1883; Subject Term: COAL gas; Subject Term: VAPORS; Subject Term: ACTIVATED carbon; Subject Term: HYGROMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Activated carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Adsorption properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Massoudi, Mehrdad
T1  - On the importance of material frame-indifference and lift forces in multiphase flows
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 57
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3687
SN  - 00092509
AB  - In this paper, we discuss the importance of the Principle of Material Frame-Indifference, sometimes referred to as Objectivity, in multiphase flows. We first give a brief account of the formulation of a two-phase mixture and then indicate where and how this principle should be utilized. We will then give a brief review of the meaning of this principle in continuum mechanics and how it has been used in various fields of physics. We also give examples of frame-indifferent and frame-dependent constitutive relations which have been used in multiphase flow studies. The importance of lift forces is also discussed. Finally, we derive a general constitutive relation which is frame-invariant and general enough to be used in many applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - Continuum mechanics
KW  - Lift forces
KW  - Material frame-indifference
KW  - Particulate multiphase flows
N1  - Accession Number: 9163600; Massoudi, Mehrdad 1; Email Address: massoudi@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 57 Issue 17, p3687; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuum mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lift forces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Material frame-indifference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate multiphase flows; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ams, David A.
AU  - Maurice, Patricia A.
AU  - Hersman, Larry E.
AU  - Forsythe, Jennifer H.
T1  - Siderophore production by an aerobic Pseudomonas mendocina bacterium in the presence of kaolinite
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 188
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 00092541
AB  - The purpose of this study was to quantify siderophore production by the aerobic bacterium, Pseudomonas mendocina, under Fe-limited conditions as a function of Fe source: supplied in dissolved form (as 30 μM Fe-EDTA), as natural Fe-containing kaolinite, and a no-Fe-added control. Siderophores are Fe(III)-specific organic ligands produced by microorganisms under conditions of Fe stress. Siderophore production was compared with previous experiments wherein Fe was supplied as hematite [Geomicrobiol. J. 17 (2000) 1]. Microbial growth increased in the order: no-added-Fe control<kaolinite<Fe-EDTA. Production of siderophore on a per cell basis decreased in the order: no-Fe-added control>kaolinite>hematite≥Fe-EDTA. Thus, the bacterium was less Fe stressed in the presence of kaolinite than in the no-added-Fe control, confirming that kaolinite serves as a source of Fe to the bacterium. Although more siderophore per cell was produced in the most stressed system (no-Fe-added), more total siderophore was produced in the least stressed system (Fe-EDTA). This is due to the presence of a larger total population size in the least stressed system. Hence, the ability of a microbial population to produce siderophores as a means to access mineral-bound Fe is a complex function of both Fe stress and population size. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIDEROPHORES
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - Kaolinite
KW  - Pseudomonas mendocina
KW  - Siderophore
N1  - Accession Number: 7861305; Ams, David A. 1 Maurice, Patricia A. 1; Email Address: pmaurice@nd.edu Hersman, Larry E. 2 Forsythe, Jennifer H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 5602, USA  2: Life Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 188 Issue 3/4, p161; Subject Term: SIDEROPHORES; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kaolinite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudomonas mendocina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Siderophore; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoffman, David K.
AU  - Kouri, Donald J.
AU  - Pollak, Eli
T1  - Reducing Gaussian noise using distributed approximating functionals
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 147
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
SN  - 00104655
AB  - The denoising characteristics for the representation of experimental data in terms of the Hermite Distributed Approximating Functionals (HDAF''s) are analyzed with respect to signals corrupted with Gaussian noise. The HDAF performance is compared to both the ideal window and running averages representations of the same data. We find that the HDAF filter combines the best features of both. That is, the HDAF filter provides approximately the same noise reduction and bandwidth as the ideal filter while at the same time remaining limited in range in both the physical and Fourier spaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM noise theory
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7861915; Hoffman, David K. 1; Email Address: hoffman@ameslab.gov Kouri, Donald J. 2 Pollak, Eli 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Univ. of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5641, USA  3: Chemical Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 147 Issue 3, p759; Subject Term: RANDOM noise theory; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ju, Y.L.
AU  - Wang, L.
T1  - On the numerical design of a new type of 4 K GM/PT hybrid refrigerators
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 42
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
SN  - 00112275
AB  - In this paper we developed and designed, based on theoretical considerations, a new type of 4 K GM/PT hybrid refrigerators. The upper warm stage of the hybrid refrigerator is a typical GM refrigeration cycle, and the cold stage is a pulse tube refrigerator (PTR), on which is thermodynamically coupled the upper warm stage. Four different types of phase shifting assembly: (1) a cold auxiliary piston that is connected to the displacer of the upper GM refrigerator stage, (2) an orifice with reservoir encircled the cold head of the upper stage, (3) an orifice with double-inlet, and (4) in combination with the cold auxiliary piston, orifice and double-inlet, has been proposed and analyzed for the adjustment of the phase shift between the gas mass flow and pressure in the pulse tube. Numerical simulation is performed to understand the unique thermo-physical features, to reveal the time-dependent dynamic parameters and to quantify the overall cooling performance of the hybrid refrigerator. We rely on a one-dimensional, unsteady compressible flow numerical model that is based on a mixed Eulerian–Lagrangian method developed by the present author. The model will be first applied to analyze the cooling performance of the hybrid refrigerator with different types of phase shifting assembly. In what following, it is used to simulate the dynamic parameters in the cold stage of the pulse tube cycle. Next, optimization of the structure parameters and geometrical configuration of the new refrigerator will be presented. Finally, the influences of different hybrid regenerative materials on the cooling capacity of the new hybrid GM/PTR will be also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFRIGERATORS -- Design & construction
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - GM/PT hybrid refrigerator
KW  - Liquid helium temperature
KW  - Numerical study
N1  - Accession Number: 7889538; Ju, Y.L. 1; Email Address: yonglin@cl.cryo.ac.cn Wang, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Cryogenic Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2711, Beijing 100080, PR China  2: Collider Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 42 Issue 9, p533; Subject Term: REFRIGERATORS -- Design & construction; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: GM/PT hybrid refrigerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid helium temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical study; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423620 Household Appliances, Electric Housewares, and Consumer Electronics Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414220 Household appliance merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335223 Major kitchen appliance manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335222 Household Refrigerator and Home Freezer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, D.
AU  - Van Sciver, S.W.
T1  - Large size optical windows for superfluid helium applications
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 42
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
SN  - 00112275
AB  - We report on a technique to seal large size optical windows on metal cryostats for He II applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - Cryostats
KW  - Optical techniques
KW  - Superfluid helium (He II)
N1  - Accession Number: 7889540; Celik, D.; Email Address: dcelik@magnet.fsu.edu Van Sciver, S.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 42 Issue 9, p547; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: HELIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryostats; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superfluid helium (He II); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Betts, Michael R.
AU  - Yusim, Karina
AU  - Koup, Richard A.
T1  - Optimal Antigens for HIV Vaccines Based on CD8+ T Response, Protein Length, and Sequence Variability.
JO  - DNA & Cell Biology
JF  - DNA & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 665
EP  - 670
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
SN  - 10445498
AB  - The identification of optimal antigens to include in an HIV vaccine designed to elicit a cellular immune response requires careful consideration of protein length, variability, and immunogenicity. Here, we have examined the relationship of these parameters in a cohort of HIV-infected subjects. We find that HIV Gag and Nef represent optimal antigens for the CD8+ T cell response, based on size, variability, and immunogenicity. Although the Env and Pol proteins have a poorer response to length (Pol) or variability (Env) ratio than Gag or Nef, they are still strong candidates for inclusion into an HIV vaccine, based on overall response frequency in the cohort. The accessory proteins Tat, Rev, Vif, Vpr, and Vpu in general all elicit very low CD8+ T cell responses, and this, in combination with their high variability, makes them less attractive as vaccine antigens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of DNA & Cell Biology is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIDS (Disease) -- Vaccination
KW  - CD antigens
KW  - CELLULAR immunity
N1  - Accession Number: 7411857; Betts, Michael R. 1 Yusim, Karina 2 Koup, Richard A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 21 Issue 9, p665; Subject Term: AIDS (Disease) -- Vaccination; Subject Term: CD antigens; Subject Term: CELLULAR immunity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1089/104454902760330200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ross, J.P.
AU  - Meier, A.
T1  - Measurements of whole-house standby power consumption in California homes
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 27
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
SN  - 03605442
AB  - We investigated the variation in standby power consumption in 10 California homes. Total standby power in the homes ranged from 14 to 169 W, with an average of 67 W. This corresponded to 5–26% of the homes’ annual electricity use. The appliances with the largest standby losses were televisions, set-top boxes and printers. A short-term measurement of a home’s utility meter can provide surprisingly good estimates of total standby power if certain precautions are taken. The large variation in the standby power of appliances providing the same service demonstrates that manufacturers are able to reduce standby losses without degrading performance. Replacing existing units with appliances using 1 W or less of standby power would reduce standby power use by 68%, achieving a 7% reduction in annual electricity consumption. At least 70% of new appliance purchases in these homes will have standby power consumption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMERGENCY power supply
KW  - ELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 7857562; Ross, J.P. 1 Meier, A. 2; Email Address: akmeier@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Building 90, Room 2000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 27 Issue 9, p861; Subject Term: EMERGENCY power supply; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, Kenneth T.
AU  - Cullen, Jennifer
T1  - Residential Radon in U.S. Counties V Lung Cancer in Women Who Predominantly Never Smoked.
JO  - Environmental Geochemistry & Health
JF  - Environmental Geochemistry & Health
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 247
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 02694042
AB  - Previous studies have found that mean-residential-radon (Rn) levels for U.S. counties are negatively associated with age-adjusted county rates of lung-cancer mortality (LCM), after adjustments for potentially confounding factors. Those results may be due to (a) confounding unaddressable by any county-level (‘ecological’) study design, or (b) county-level factors such as Rn/smoking or age/radon correlations or exposure misclassifications from the use of disparate data sources. Possibilities (b) were addressed by comparing age-specific LCM rates for white women in 2821 U.S. counties who died in 1950–54 at age 40+ (∼11% of whom ever smoked), or at age 60+ (∼% of whom ever smoked), to county Rn levels newly estimated from U.S. Rn, climatic and geological-survey data. Significant negative LCM v Rn trends were found for both age groups, after adjusting for age and subsets of 21 county-level socioeconomic, climatic and other factors. Negative trends were largest for counties with ≤ 100 Bq m-3 Rn (p ≤ 0.00087; 420 analyses). Adjusted relative risk (RRadj) for LCM was significantly elevated (1 < [95% conf. limits on RRadj] ≤ 1.46) in 43 of 210 analyses comparing LCM rates in counties with > 150 Bq m-3v 65–100 Bq m-3 Rn, most involving adjustment for climate- and education-related factors likely to have influenced exposure to indoor air contaminants such as Rn and cigarette smoke. Though inconclusive due to potential ecological-fallacy-related confounding that could not be controlled, results from this ecological study are most consistent with a U-shaped dose-response relationship between 1950–54 LCM risk and U.S. residential radon in white women who predominantly never smoked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geochemistry & Health is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radon
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Lungs -- Cancer
KW  - Cancer patients
KW  - Passive smoking
KW  - Counties
KW  - United States
KW  - alpha
KW  - cancer
KW  - ecological
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - lung
KW  - mortality
KW  - radon
KW  - residential
KW  - smoking
KW  - U.S. counties
KW  - women
N1  - Accession Number: 16935671; Bogen, Kenneth T. 1; Email Address: bogen@LLNL.gov; Cullen, Jennifer 2; Affiliations: 1: Health and Ecological Assessment Division (L-396), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 2: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA; Issue Info: Sep2002, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p229; Thesaurus Term: Radon; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Subject Term: Lungs -- Cancer; Subject Term: Cancer patients; Subject Term: Passive smoking; Subject Term: Counties; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: alpha; Author-Supplied Keyword: cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological; Author-Supplied Keyword: epidemiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: lung; Author-Supplied Keyword: mortality; Author-Supplied Keyword: radon; Author-Supplied Keyword: residential; Author-Supplied Keyword: smoking; Author-Supplied Keyword: U.S. counties; Author-Supplied Keyword: women; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng, Zuoping
AU  - Aagaard, Per
AU  - Breedveld, Gijs D.
T1  - Intrinsic biodegradation of toluene coupled to the microbial reduction of ferric iron: laboratory column experiments.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 42
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 649
EP  - 656
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Intrinsic biodegradation of toluene coupled with the microbial reduction of ferric iron (Fe(III)) as the terminal electron acceptor was studied by using laboratory column experiments under continuous flow conditions. Columns were packed with contaminated aquifer sediment and N2-purged groundwater taken from the western part of the Gardermoen aquifer. The columns were operated anaerobically at 8 °C (in-situ temperature). Chloride was initially used to characterize flow properties of the columns. Intrinsic biodegradation of toluene, including abiotic loss and biological loss, was estimated by comparing breakthrough curves of toluene for live columns and sterilized control columns based on mass balance in steady-state conditions. The column experiments were run at two different flow velocities. The estimated average intrinsic rate was –0.73 and –0.53 mM day–1 for pore-water velocities of 1.75 and 2.68 cm h–1, respectively, corresponding to –0.27 and –0.22 mM day–1 in biological loss rate. The results indicate that intrinsic biodegradation of toluene could be used as an efficient remediation approach for contaminated groundwater at the Gardermoen fire-fighting training site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Toluene
KW  - Microbiological chemistry
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Iron compounds
KW  - Aquifer
KW  - Column
KW  - Gardermoen
N1  - Accession Number: 16565311; Zheng, Zuoping 1; Email Address: zzuoping@lbl.gov; Aagaard, Per 2; Breedveld, Gijs D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Cycloton Road, MS 70-108B Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; 2: University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.; Issue Info: Sep2002, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p649; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Toluene; Thesaurus Term: Microbiological chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Microorganisms; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Subject Term: Iron compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aquifer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Column; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gardermoen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-002-0569-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samara, G.A.
T1  - Pressure Induced Crossover and Mechanism for the Ferroelectric-to-Relaxor (Glass-Like) Transition in Compositionally-Disordered Soft Mode Systems.
JO  - Ferroelectrics
JF  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 274
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 202
SN  - 00150193
AB  - Results on a variety of compositionally-disordered ABO 3 perovskites have revealed a pressure-induced crossover from a normal ferroelectric to a relaxor state and the continuous evolution of the dynamics of the relaxation process making the relaxor state the ground state at high pressure. This crossover is a general feature of soft mode ferroelectrics with random site dipolar impurities, or polar nanodomains, and results from a large decrease with pressure in the correlation length among polar nanodomains--a unique property of soft mode, or highly polarizable, ferroelectrics. The physical mechanism for the crossover and some relevant theoretical models are discussed. An analogy between increasing pressure and increasing chemical substitution at 1 bar for inducing the crossover is pointed out, but it is the pressure results that reveal the essential physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - crossover
KW  - disorder
KW  - Ferroelectric
KW  - relaxor
KW  - soft-mode
N1  - Accession Number: 11548114; Samara, G.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nanostructures & Device Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 274 Issue 1, p183; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: crossover; Author-Supplied Keyword: disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: relaxor; Author-Supplied Keyword: soft-mode; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlegel, Michel L.
AU  - Nagy, Kathryn L.
AU  - Fenter, Paul
AU  - Sturchio, Neil C.
T1  - Structures of quartz (100)- and (101)-water interfaces determined by x-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy of natural growth surfaces
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 66
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3037
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The structures of prismatic (100) and pyramidal (101) growth faces of natural quartz crystals, and their modification upon annealing at T ≤ 400°C were investigated ex situ by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and in water by high-resolution X-ray reflectivity. AFM images revealed the presence of ∼ 0.1 to 1 μm-wide flat terraces delimited by steps of one to several unit cells in height. These steps follow approximately directions given by the intersection of growth faces. Modeling of X-ray reflectivity data indicates that surface silica groups on flat terraces have only one free Si-O bond each (presumably hydroxylated), except for some having two free Si-O bonds observed on a single (100) surface. Vertical relaxation of atomic positions (< 0.4 A˚ for terminal oxygens and < 0.2 A˚ for silicon and oxygen atoms fully coordinated to structural tetrahedra) is limited to a depth of 14 A˚. Electron density profiles for all measured interfaces are consistent with a single layer of adsorbed water, with no evidence for additional organization of water molecules into distinct layers extending into the bulk solution. Similar interfacial structures were observed for natural and annealed surfaces of identical crystallographic orientation, indicating that extensive reconstruction of the silica network at the quartz surface did not occur under the annealing conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARTZ crystals
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7866672; Schlegel, Michel L. 1 Nagy, Kathryn L. 1; Email Address: kathryn.nagy@colorado.edu Fenter, Paul 2 Sturchio, Neil C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, 399 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA  2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 66 Issue 17, p3037; Subject Term: QUARTZ crystals; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, Kaushik
AU  - Becker, Alex
AU  - Lee, Ki Ha
T1  - Experimental validation of the wavefield transform of electromagnetic fields.
JO  - Geophysical Prospecting
JF  - Geophysical Prospecting
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 441
EP  - 451
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00168025
AB  - The wavefield transform is a mathematical technique for transforming low-frequency electromagnetic (EM) signals to a non-diffusive wave domain. The ray approximation is valid in the transform space and this makes traveltime tomography for 3D mapping of the electrical conductivity distribution in the subsurface possible. The transform, however, imposes stringent frequency bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio requirements on the data. Here we discuss a laboratory scale experiment designed to collect transform quality EM data, and to demonstrate the practical feasibility of transforming these data to the wavefield domain. We have used the scalable nature of EM fields to design a time-domain experiment using graphite blocks to simulate realistic field conditions while leaving the time scale undisturbed. The spatial dimensions have been scaled down by a factor of a thousand by scaling conductivity up by a factor of a million. The graphite blocks have two holes drilled into them to carry out cross-well and borehole-to-surface experiments. Steel sheets have been inserted between the blocks to simulate a conductive layer. Our experiments show that accurate EM data can be recorded on a laboratory scale model even when the scaling of some features, such as drill-hole diameters, is not maintained. More importantly, the time-domain EM data recorded in cross-well and surface-to-borehole modes can be usefully and accurately transformed to the wavefield domain. The observed wavefield propagation delay is proportional to the direct distance between the transmitter and receiver in a homogeneous medium. In a layered medium, data accuracy is reduced and, hence, our results are not so conclusive. On the basis of the experimental results we conclude that the wavefield transform could constitute a valid approach to the interpretation of accurate, undistorted time-domain data if further improvement in the transform can be realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7240790; Das, Kaushik 1 Becker, Alex 1 Lee, Ki Ha 2; Affiliation:  1: Material Science and Mineral Engineering, University of Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, and  2: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p441; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2478.2002.00333.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zbib, Hussein M.
AU  - Diaz de la Rubia, Tomas
T1  - A multiscale model of plasticity
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 18
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1133
SN  - 07496419
AB  - A framework for investigating size-dependent small-scale plasticity phenomena and related material instabilities at various length scales ranging from the nano-microscale to the mesoscale is presented. The model is based on fundamental physical laws that govern dislocation motion and their interaction with various defects and interfaces. Particularly, the multi-scale framework merges two scales, the nano-microscale where plasticity is determined by explicit three-dimensional dislocation dynamics analysis providing the material length-scale, and the continuum scale where energy transport is based on basic continuum mechanics laws. The result is a hybrid elasto-viscoplastic simulation model coupling discrete dislocation dynamics with finite element analyses. With this hybrid approach, one can address complex size-dependent problems including, dislocation boundaries, dislocations in heterogeneous structures, dislocation interaction with interfaces and associated shape changes and lattice rotations, as well as deformation in nano-structured materials, localized deformation and shear bands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - VISCOPLASTICITY
KW  - A. Dislocations, dynamics
KW  - B. Elastic-viscoplastic materials
N1  - Accession Number: 7829431; Zbib, Hussein M. 1; Email Address: zbib@mme.wsu.edu Diaz de la Rubia, Tomas 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Mail Stop L-353, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 18 Issue 9, p1133; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: VISCOPLASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Dislocations, dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Elastic-viscoplastic materials; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lennox, Arlene J.
AU  - Shafer, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Hatcher, Madeline
AU  - Beil, Janice
AU  - Funder, Sandra J.
T1  - Pilot study of impedance-controlled microcurrent therapy for managing radiation-induced fibrosis in head-and-neck cancer patients
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 03603016
AB  - <UNL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">Purpose</UNL>: To evaluate the effectiveness of impedance-controlled microcurrent therapy for managing treatment sequelae in head-and-neck cancer patients.<UNL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">Methods and Materials</UNL>: Between January 1998 and June 1999, 26 patients who were experiencing late effects of radiotherapy were treated b.i.d. with impedance-controlled microcurrent therapy for 1 week. Objective range-of-motion measurements were made for cervical rotation, extension/flexion, and lateral flexion before therapy, at the end of each treatment day, and monthly for 3 months. In addition, each patient’s subjective complaints were tabulated before treatment and reevaluated at the last follow-up visit. No additional physical therapy or electrical stimulation was permitted during the follow-up period.<UNL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">Results</UNL>: At the end of the course of microcurrent therapy, 92% of the 26 patients exhibited improved cervical rotation, 85% had improved cervical extension/flexion, and 81% had improved cervical lateral flexion. Twenty-two patients returned for the 3-month follow-up visit. Of these, 91% had maintained a cervical rotation range of motion greater than their pretherapy measurements. Eighty-two percent maintained improved cervical extension/flexion and 77% maintained improved lateral flexion. When the range-of-motion measurements were stratified by pretreatment severity (severe, moderate, mild, or asymptomatic), the degree of improvement directly correlated with the severity. Thus, patients who had more severe initial symptoms experienced a higher percentage of improvement than did those with milder symptoms. For these patients, the cervical rotation range of motion changed from a baseline of 59° ± 12° to 83° ± 14° at 3 months; flexion/extension improved from 47° ± 10° to 73° ± 13°; and lateral flexion went from 31° ± 7° to 48° ± 9°. Some patients also reported symptom improvement for tongue mobility, facial asymmetry, xerostomia, cervical/facial muscle spasms, trismus, and soft tissue tenderness. No adverse effects were observed.<UNL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">Conclusion</UNL>: Impedance-controlled microcurrent therapy shows promise for remediation of range-of-motion limitations arising as late effects of radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer. Additional studies are needed to validate these preliminary results and to optimize the microcurrent treatment protocol, particularly with respect to treatment schedules and combining microcurrent therapy with physical and/or drug therapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER patients
KW  - RADIOTHERAPY
KW  - Head-and-neck cancer
KW  - Microcurrent therapy
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Side effects
N1  - Accession Number: 7862585; Lennox, Arlene J. 1,2; Email Address: alennox@fnal.gov Shafer, Jeffrey P. 2 Hatcher, Madeline 2 Beil, Janice 2 Funder, Sandra J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA  2: Provena Midwest Institute for Neutron Therapy at Fermilab, Batavia, IL, USA  3: S. J. Funder & Associates, Crown Point, IN, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: CANCER patients; Subject Term: RADIOTHERAPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Head-and-neck cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcurrent therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Side effects; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Starzec, P.
AU  - Tsang, C.-F.
T1  - Use of fracture-intersection density for predicting the volume of unstable blocks in underground openings
JO  - International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 807
SN  - 13651609
N1  - Accession Number: 7871266; Starzec, P. 1,2; Email Address: peter.starzec@swedgeo.se Tsang, C.-F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Swedish Geotechnical Institute, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden  2: Chalmers University of Technology, Geology Department, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden  3: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p807; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conrad, Stephen H.
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
AU  - Peplinski, William J.
T1  - Bench-scale visualization of DNAPL remediation processes in analog heterogeneous aquifers: surfactant floods and in situ oxidation using permanganate
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 58
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 01697722
AB  - We have conducted well-controlled DNAPL remediation experiments within a 2-D, glass-walled, sand-filled chamber using surfactants (Aerosol MA and Tween 80) to increase solubility and an oxidant (permanganate) to chemically degrade the DNAPL. Initial conditions for each remediation experiment were created by injecting DNAPL as a point source at the top of the chamber and allowing the DNAPL to migrate downward through a water-filled, heterogeneous, sand-pack designed to be evocative of a fluvial depositional environment. This migration process resulted in the DNAPL residing as a series of descending pools. Lateral advection across the chamber was used to introduce the remedial fluids. Photographs and digital image analysis illustrate interactions between the introduced fluids and the DNAPL. In the surfactant experiments, we found that DNAPL configured in a series of pools was easily mobilized. Extreme reductions in DNAPL/water interfacial tension occurred when using the Aerosol MA surfactant, resulting in mobilization into low permeability regions and thus confounding the remediation process. More modest reductions in interfacial tension occurred when using the Tween 80 surfactant resulting in modest mobilization. In this experiment, capillary forces remained sufficient to exclude DNAPL migration into low permeability regions allowing the excellent solubilizing properties of the surfactant to recover almost 90% of the DNAPL within 8.6 pore volumes. Injection of a potassium permanganate solution resulted in precipitation of MnO2, a reaction product, creating a low-permeability rind surrounding the DNAPL pools. Formation of this rind hindered contact between the permanganate and the DNAPL, limiting the effectiveness of the remediation. From these experiments, we see the value of performing visualization experiments to evaluate the performance of proposed techniques for DNAPL remediation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Surface active agents
KW  - Dense nonaqueous phase liquids
KW  - Potassium permanganate
KW  - DNAPL
KW  - Laboratory measurement
KW  - Porous media
KW  - Remediation
KW  - Surfactants
KW  - Trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 7861359; Conrad, Stephen H.; Email Address: shconra@sandia.gov; Glass, Robert J. 1; Peplinski, William J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Geohydrology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0735, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Issue Info: Sep2002, Vol. 58 Issue 1/2, p13; Thesaurus Term: Surface active agents; Thesaurus Term: Dense nonaqueous phase liquids; Subject Term: Potassium permanganate; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNAPL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laboratory measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trichloroethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lal, Jyotsana
T1  - Interaction between Polymer and Surfactant Mesophases.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
EP  - 141
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - The interaction of polymers with flexible surfactant layers may modify strongly the elasticity and fluctuations of the layers. This effect has been studied in two surfactant mesophases. Neutron Spin Echo (NSE) spectroscopy was used to probe the modification of membrane fluctuations first in the case of dilute microemulsion droplets both in the presence and absence of polymer. A second example studied more recently was hydrophobically modified polymers (polysoaps) interacting with fluctuating lamellar bilayers of a nonionic surfactant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Microemulsions
KW  - Neutron spin echo
KW  - Polymer
KW  - Small angle neutron scattering
KW  - Surfactant layers
N1  - Accession Number: 11549214; Lal, Jyotsana 1; Email Address: jlal@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 10 Issue 3/4, p137; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microemulsions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spin echo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small angle neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant layers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ebert, W.L.
AU  - Lewis, M.A.
AU  - Johnson, S.G.
T1  - The precision of product consistency tests conducted with a glass-bonded ceramic waste form
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 305
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The product consistency test (PCT) that is used for qualification of borosilicate high-level radioactive waste (HLW) glasses for disposal can be used for the same purpose in the qualification of the glass-bonded sodalite ceramic waste form (CWF). The CWF was developed to immobilize radioactive salt wastes generated during the electrometallurgical treatment of spent sodium-bonded nuclear fuels. An interlaboratory study was conducted to measure the precision of PCTs conducted with the CWF for comparison with the precision of PCTs conducted with HLW glasses. The six independent sets of triplicate PCT results generated in the study were used to calculate the intralaboratory and interlaboratory consistency based on the concentrations of Al, B, Na, and Si in the test solutions. The results indicate that PCTs can be conducted as precisely with the CWF as with HLW glasses. For example, the values of the reproducibility standard deviation for Al, B, Na, and Si were 1.36, 0.347, 3.40, and 2.97 mg/l for PCT with CWF. These values are within the range of values measured for borosilicate glasses, including reference HLW glasses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
N1  - Accession Number: 7869198; Ebert, W.L. 1; Email Address: ebert@cmt.anl.gov Lewis, M.A. 1 Johnson, S.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory-West, P.O. Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 305 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, R-g.
AU  - Grembecka, J.
AU  - Vinokour, E.
AU  - Collart, F.
AU  - Dementieva, I.
AU  - Minor, W.
AU  - Joachimiak, A.
T1  - Structure of Bacillus subtilis YXKO—A member of the UPF0031 family and a putative kinase
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 139
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 10478477
AB  - We determined the 1.6-A˚ resolution crystal structure of a conserved hypothetical 29.9-kDa protein from the SIGY–CYDD intergenic region encoded by a Bacillus subtilis open reading frame in the YXKO locus. YXKO homologues are broadly distributed and are by and large described as proteins with unknown function. The YXKO protein has an <f>α/β</f> fold and shows high structural homology to the members of a ribokinase-like superfamily. However, YXKO is the only member of this superfamily known to form tetramers. Putative binding sites for adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a substrate, and <f>Mg2+</f>-binding sites were revealed in the structure of the protein, based on high structural similarity to ATP-dependent members of the superfamily. Two adjacent monomers contribute residues to the active site. The crystal structure provides valuable information about the YXKO protein’s tertiary and quaternary structure, the biochemical function of YXKO and its homologues, and the evolution of its ribokinase-like superfamily. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACILLUS subtilis
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - Bacillus subtilis YXKO
KW  - Kinase
KW  - Structural genomics
KW  - UPF0031 family
N1  - Accession Number: 8556821; Zhang, R-g. 1 Grembecka, J. 2 Vinokour, E. 1 Collart, F. 1 Dementieva, I. 1 Minor, W. 2 Joachimiak, A. 1; Email Address: andrzejj@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA  2: Department of Molecular Biology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 139 Issue 3, p161; Subject Term: BACILLUS subtilis; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillus subtilis YXKO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: UPF0031 family; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todd, Peter J.
AU  - Schaaff, T.Gregory
T1  - A secondary ion microprobe ion trap mass spectrometer
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 13
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1099
SN  - 10440305
AB  - An ion trap mass analyzer has been attached to an organic secondary ion microprobe. A pressure differential >100 can be maintained between the ion trap and microprobe. The well-focused secondary ion beam can transit a small (2 mm) diameter tube, but gas flow from ion trap to microprobe is impeded. This pressure differential allows the microprobe to retain imaging capability. Ion trap and microprobe data systems are integrated by taking advantage of the highly reproducible periodicity of the ion trap operating in resonant ejection mode and asynchronous signal and data acquisition afforded by commercially available interface cards. Secondary ion mass spectra and images obtained indicate an approximately 10-fold improvement in sensitivity, although preliminary evidence indicates low (<1%) trapping efficiency. Image data acquisition using the ion trap for mass analysis requires at least 10 times as much time compared to using a quadrupole mass filter because the mass-selected instability mode is used for mass analysis, i.e., mass resolution in the ion trap is not continuous as it is in the quadrupole. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD ion microscopy
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 9622889; Todd, Peter J. 1; Email Address: toddpj@ornl.gov Schaaff, T.Gregory 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 13 Issue 9, p1099; Subject Term: FIELD ion microscopy; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blake, Miriam E.
AU  - Knudson, Frances L.
T1  - Metadata and reference linking
JO  - Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services
JF  - Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 14649055
AB  - Reference linking is a broad term that generally means linking from one information object to another. The specific types of linking which have been addressed in most detail in recent years are those having to do with the links between journal articles. These would include the links from citation metadata to the electronic full-text article and links from references following an article (the bibliography) directly to the referred citation and/or article. A basic concept is that there must be a way to identify the work to be ‘linked-to.’ A second concept is that in order to ‘link-to’ an outside system, there must be an identifiable syntax, which often includes an identifier, for creating a query into that system to find the correct article. In this paper we focus on experiences in linking from an A&I database record to full-text and linking from a bibliography to full-text. Accomplishing this required implementing a system that uses metadata to determine the identifiers and the required elements for various ‘link-to’ syntaxes across disparate systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METADATA
KW  - CROSS references (Information retrieval)
KW  - ARCHIVES
KW  - Metadata
KW  - Reference linking
KW  - SFX
N1  - Accession Number: 8779774; Blake, Miriam E. 1; Email Address: meblake@lanl.gov Knudson, Frances L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Library Without Walls, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P. O. Box 1663, MS-P362, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Autumn2002, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p219; Subject Term: METADATA; Subject Term: CROSS references (Information retrieval); Subject Term: ARCHIVES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metadata; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reference linking; Author-Supplied Keyword: SFX; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519122 Archives; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todorov, Julia R.
AU  - Elskus, Adria A.
AU  - Schlenk, Daniel
AU  - Lee Ferguson, P.
AU  - Brownawell, Bruce J.
AU  - McElroy, Anne E.
T1  - Estrogenic responses of larval sunshine bass (Morone saxatilis × M. Chrysops) exposed to New York city sewage effluent
JO  - Marine Environmental Research
JF  - Marine Environmental Research
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 54
IS  - 3-5
M3  - Article
SP  - 691
SN  - 01411136
AB  - To determine the estrogenicity of effluents from sewage treatment plants (STPs) to larval fish, 2-day-old sunshine bass were exposed to effluents from three STPs serving New York City (NYC), varying in size and treatment level. Estrogenic response was evaluated by measuring vitellogenin (VTG) and estrogen receptor (ER) expression in cytosolic fractions of whole body homogenates. Concentrations of the presumptive endocrine disruptors in the effluents were also measured. VTG and ER levels in sewage-exposed fish were 3–5 times that observed in controls. Combined concentrations of estradiol and estrone ranged from 5 to 13 ng/l and nonylphenol-ethoxylate metabolites (NPEOs: 4-nonylphenol, and 1-, 2-, and 3-nonylphenol-ethoxylates) ranged from 180 to 470 μg/l in chlorinated effluent. Results indicate that both ER and VTG can be used as biomarkers for endocrine disruption in larval fish, and that 4-day exposure to sewage effluent is sufficient to elicit significant expression of these markers in sunshine bass larvae. The extremely higher concentrations of NPEOs found in effluent relative to hormones (approximately 40,000-fold) indicates that surfactant metabolites may be contributing significantly to the estrogenic effects observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Environmental Research is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEWAGE
KW  - HYBRID bass
KW  - ENDOCRINE glands
KW  - WOUNDS & injuries
KW  - Endocrine disruption
KW  - Estrogen receptor
KW  - Sewage effluent
KW  - Sunshine bass
KW  - Vitellogenin
N1  - Accession Number: 7872693; Todorov, Julia R. 1 Elskus, Adria A. 2 Schlenk, Daniel 3 Lee Ferguson, P. 1,4 Brownawell, Bruce J. 1 McElroy, Anne E. 1; Email Address: amcelroy@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  2: T.H. Morgan School of Biological Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA  3: Department of Environmental Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  4: EMSL, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSK8-98, Rich WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 54 Issue 3-5, p691; Subject Term: SEWAGE; Subject Term: HYBRID bass; Subject Term: ENDOCRINE glands; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Endocrine disruption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Estrogen receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sewage effluent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sunshine bass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vitellogenin; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Islamoglu, Y.
AU  - Celik, E.
AU  - Parmaksizoglu, C.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - Effects on residual stresses of annealing parameters in high-temperature ZrO2 insulation coatings on Ag/Bi-2212 superconducting tapes using finite element method
JO  - Materials & Design
JF  - Materials & Design
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
SN  - 02613069
AB  - In the present work, we focus on effects of residual stresses of annealing parameters and fracture behavior in high-temperature ZrO2 insulation coatings on Ag/Bi-2212 superconducting tapes using the finite element method. High-temperature ZrO2-based insulation ceramic coatings were produced on Ag and Ag/AgMg sheathed Bi-2212 superconducting tapes by the reel-to-reel sol–gel technique for magnet technology. The samples produced were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These coatings are exposed to thermal loading under several annealing conditions. The residual stresses in 8-μm-thick coatings, as well as changes during thermal cycling, were simulated by finite element analysis (FEA). It was found that the shear stress values of ZrO2 coatings in the interface were very low, and the maximum shear stress was 47 Pa for 8-μm-thick coatings. It was determined that the highest fracture intensity was 1.09×10−4 MN m−3/2, and the fracture intensity decreased as a function of distance from the initial crack. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - CERAMIC coating
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Finite element
KW  - Fracture
KW  - High-temperature superconducting (HTS)
KW  - Insulation
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 7864396; Islamoglu, Y. 1 Celik, E. 2,3,4; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Parmaksizoglu, C. 5 Hascicek, Y.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sakarya University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Esentepe Campus, Sakarya 54187, Turkey  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  4: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan  5: Technical University of Istanbul, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul 80191, Turkey; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 23 Issue 6, p531; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: CERAMIC coating; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature superconducting (HTS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaibyshev, R.
AU  - Sitdikov, O.
AU  - Mazurina, I.
AU  - Lesuer, D.R.
T1  - Deformation behavior of a 2219 Al alloy
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 334
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The deformation behavior of a 2219 aluminum alloy was studied in the temperature range from 250 to 500 °C. The results, which cover four orders of magnitude in strain rate, show an increasing apparent stress exponent and an increasing apparent activation energy with decreasing temperature. It is shown that the 2219 aluminum alloy exhibits threshold behavior, like aluminum alloys produced via powder metallurgy technique. The introduction of a threshold stress into the analysis leads to stress exponent of ∼7 and a true activation energy of about 90 kJ mol−1 in the temperature range 250–450 °C. At T=500 °C, the true stress exponent, n, is equal to 5 and true activation energy is equal to 143 kJ mol−1. The normalized threshold stress exhibits a strong temperature dependence. The value of the energy term, Qo, is about 35 kJ mol−1 in the temperature range 250–450 °C and tends to decrease at higher temperature. The operating deformation mechanism is discussed in terms of the transition from low temperature climb to high temperature climb with increasing temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - METALS -- Creep
KW  - 2219 Al alloy
KW  - Creep
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Threshold stress
N1  - Accession Number: 7826234; Kaibyshev, R. 1 Sitdikov, O. 1; Email Address: sitdikov@imsp.da.ru Mazurina, I. 1 Lesuer, D.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Plastic Deformation of Solid State, Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems RAS, Khalturina 39, Ufa 450001, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-342 PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 334 Issue 1/2, p104; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: METALS -- Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2219 Al alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Threshold stress; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Demczyk, B.G.
AU  - Wang, Y.M.
AU  - Cumings, J.
AU  - Hetman, M.
AU  - Han, W.
AU  - Zettl, A.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Direct mechanical measurement of the tensile strength and elastic modulus of multiwalled carbon nanotubes
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 334
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 09215093
AB  - We have conducted pulling and bending tests on individual carbon nanotubes in-situ in a transition electron microscope. Based on our observation of the force required to break the tube, a tensile strength of 0.15 TPa was computed. From corresponding bending studies on such nanotubes, the Young''s modulus was estimated to be 0.9 TPa (0.8 TPa after ‘sub continuum’ corrections). These results suggest a strength that is a large fraction of the elastic modulus, although previous measurements of their elastic stiffness have yielded higher modulus values, by as much as a factor of 2. The result does indicate that individual nanotubes can fail as essentially defect-free materials. Furthermore, we observed no obvious reduction in cross-sectional area prior to the failure. In addition, the bending experiments revealed a remarkable flexibility in these tubes. These unique properties support the potential of nanotubes as reinforcement fibers in structural materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Elastic
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Nanotube
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
N1  - Accession Number: 7826243; Demczyk, B.G. 1; Email Address: briandemczyk@mmctechnology.com Wang, Y.M. 1 Cumings, J. 1 Hetman, M. 1 Han, W. 1 Zettl, A. 1 Ritchie, R.O. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 334 Issue 1/2, p173; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanotube; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, Dong Hyuk
AU  - Kim, Inyoung
AU  - Kim, Jongryoul
AU  - Zhu, Yuntian Theodore
T1  - Shear strain accommodation during severe plastic deformation of titanium using equal channel angular pressing
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 334
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
SN  - 09215093
AB  - In the present study, microstructural changes in commercially pure titanium during equal channel angular (ECA) pressing were examined. Elongated grains inclined by 25° to the longitudinal direction were developed and these grains contained high-density twins. TEM analysis of the twins revealed that their twin plane is {101¯1} and the twins are accompanied with dislocations on non-basal planes. These results suggest that the severe plastic deformation imposed on titanium via ECA pressing is accommodated mainly by the {101¯1} twinning, rather than dislocation slips commonly observed in pressing of other metals such as aluminum and steel. The twinning modes that might accommodate the severe strain were proposed based on the dislocation slip systems observed during the pressing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - Equal channel angular pressing
KW  - Slip
KW  - Titanium
KW  - Twinning
N1  - Accession Number: 7826253; Shin, Dong Hyuk 1; Email Address: dhshin@email.hanyang.ac.kr Kim, Inyoung 1 Kim, Jongryoul 1 Zhu, Yuntian Theodore 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Kyunggi-Do 425-791, South Korea  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 334 Issue 1/2, p239; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Author-Supplied Keyword: Equal channel angular pressing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twinning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ren, Weiju
T1  - Creep behavior of a continuous strand, swirl mat reinforced polymeric composite in simulated automotive environments for durability investigation: Part I: experimental development and creep-rupture
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 334
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 312
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Experimental methods were developed to simulate automotive environments and investigate the creep-rupture behavior of an isocyanurate base polyurethane matrix with a continuous strand, swirl mat E-glass reinforcement. The material under stress was exposed to various simulated automobile service conditions to test its creep-rupture properties. Results showed that environment had substantial effects on its creep strength durability. The resulting data were analyzed for deriving experimental based equations. Proposed guidelines and stress reduction factors were developed for automotive structural design applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERIC composites
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - Automotive
KW  - Creep
KW  - Durability
KW  - Environmental effects
KW  - Polymer-matrix composites
N1  - Accession Number: 7826266; Ren, Weiju 1; Email Address: weiju.ren@afrl.af.mil; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6155, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 334 Issue 1/2, p312; Subject Term: POLYMERIC composites; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automotive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Durability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer-matrix composites; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ren, Weiju
AU  - Robinson, David N.
T1  - Creep behavior of a continuous strand, swirl mat reinforced polymeric composite in simulated automotive environments for durability investigation: Part II: Creep-deformation and model development
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 334
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 320
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Creep deformation behavior of an isocyanurate base polyurethane matrix with a continuous strand, swirl mat E-glass reinforcement was investigated for dimensional stability in automotive structural applications. Experimental data were generated in various simulated automotive service environments and analyzed to develop engineering models. Test results showed that environment had substantial effects on the creep deformation properties. Creep deformation design guide lines with respect to temperature, stress level and time have been proposed, environmental reduction factors for creep deformation suggested for automotive structural design applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERIC composites
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - STABILITY of automobiles
KW  - Automotive
KW  - Creep
KW  - Durability
KW  - Environmental effects
KW  - Polymer–matrix composites
N1  - Accession Number: 7826267; Ren, Weiju 1; Email Address: weiju.ren@afrl.af.mil Robinson, David N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6155, USA  2: Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3905, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 334 Issue 1/2, p320; Subject Term: POLYMERIC composites; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: STABILITY of automobiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automotive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Durability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer–matrix composites; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes, M.D.
AU  - Runge, K.
AU  - Hathorn, B.
AU  - Mahurin, S.
AU  - Sumpter, B.G.
AU  - Noid, D.W.
T1  - Manipulation with molecules
JO  - Materials Today
JF  - Materials Today
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 5
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 13697021
AB  - Photonic molecules are mesoscopic hierarchical structures, constructed from ‘monomer’ units with typical dimensions of 1–5 μm, which function as coupled optical resonators. These structures are so named because they confine electromagnetic fields in modes that are closely analogous to bonding and antibonding electronic molecular orbitals in real molecules. Recent experimental advances have shown that photonic molecules can be fabricated in a variety of ways with different functionality. We review here recent work in this newly developing interdisciplinary field that blends chemistry, materials science, and optical physics. Finally, we speculate on possible applications and future research directions.For many years now, researchers in materials and photonics have been keenly interested in the design and fabrication of structures that confine and manipulate electromagnetic fields on length scales comparable to optical wavelengths. The ultimate goal is an all-optical information processing and computation platform using photons in ways analogous to electrons in silicon devices on similar length scales. Specific focus areas such as wafer-scale integration, parallel processing, and frequency management (e.g. add-drop filters), on micron or sub-micron length scales are active areas of photonics research. While a great deal of progress has been made in the burgeoning field of microphotonics, we are still a long way off from realizing important goals such as the optical transistor and all-optical integrated circuits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Today is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 7876038; Barnes, M.D. 1; Email Address: barnesmd1@ornl.gov Runge, K. Hathorn, B. 1 Mahurin, S. 1 Sumpter, B.G. 1 Noid, D.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Computer Sciences and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142 USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 5 Issue 9, p20; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldstein, Byron
AU  - Faeder, James R.
AU  - Hlavacek, William S.
AU  - Blinov, Michael L.
AU  - Redondo, Antonio
AU  - Wofsy, Carla
T1  - Modeling the early signaling events mediated by Fc&epsiv;RI
JO  - Molecular Immunology
JF  - Molecular Immunology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 38
IS  - 16-18
M3  - Article
SP  - 1213
SN  - 01615890
AB  - We present a detailed mathematical model of the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events that occur upon ligand-induced receptor aggregation, for a transfectant expressing Fc&epsiv;RI, Lyn, Syk and endogenous phosphatases that dephosphorylate exposed phosphotyrosines on Fc&epsiv;RI and Syk. Through model simulations we show how changing the ligand concentration, and consequently the concentration of receptor aggregates, can change the nature of a cellular response as well as its amplitude. We illustrate the value of the model in analyzing experimental data by using it to show that the intrinsic rate of dephosphorylation of the Fc&epsiv;RI γ immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells is much faster than the observed rate, provided that all of the cytosolic Syk is available to receptors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Immunology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - CELL aggregation
KW  - Fc
KW  - Lyn
KW  - Mathematical modeling
KW  - Receptor aggregation
KW  - RI
KW  - Signal transduction
KW  - Syk
KW  - x03B5
N1  - Accession Number: 7866859; Goldstein, Byron 1; Email Address: bxg@lanl.gov Faeder, James R. 1 Hlavacek, William S. 1 Blinov, Michael L. 1,2 Redondo, Antonio 3 Wofsy, Carla 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  3: Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Physics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 38 Issue 16-18, p1213; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: CELL aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lyn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Receptor aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: RI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signal transduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Syk; Author-Supplied Keyword: x03B5; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Posner, Richard G.
AU  - Savage, Paul B.
AU  - Peters, Adam S.
AU  - Macias, Angelica
AU  - DelGado, Jamael
AU  - Zwartz, Gordon
AU  - Sklar, Larry A.
AU  - Hlavacek, William S.
T1  - A quantitative approach for studying IgE–Fc&epsiv;RI aggregation
JO  - Molecular Immunology
JF  - Molecular Immunology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 38
IS  - 16-18
M3  - Article
SP  - 1221
SN  - 01615890
AB  - Aggregation of cell surface receptors is a ubiquitous means of initiating signal transduction in many cellular systems. In this manuscript, we describe a combined theoretical and experimental approach based on multiparameter flow cytometry for measuring the time course of ligand induced aggregation of IgE–Fc&epsiv;RI on RBL cells. By fluorescently labeling both the ligand and surface IgE (sIgE), we have developed an assay that permits us to simultaneously measure both occupancy of sIgE combining sites and association of antigen with the cell surface. This allows for a direct calculation of the degree of receptor aggregation present on the cell. By employing new mixing technologies developed for flow cytometry, we are able to look at aggregation in the sub second time domain. To extend our work, we have synthesized a new set of chemically well defined ligands (of valences 1–3) to use as probes in our studies. We show that the magnitude of the cellular response is dramatically increased as the valence of our ligand is raised from two to three. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Immunology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL aggregation
KW  - CELL receptors
KW  - FLOW cytometry
KW  - IgE–Fc
KW  - Ligand-receptor binding
KW  - Receptor aggregation
KW  - RI aggregation
KW  - x03B5
N1  - Accession Number: 7866860; Posner, Richard G. 1; Email Address: richard.posner@nau.edu Savage, Paul B. 2 Peters, Adam S. 2 Macias, Angelica 1 DelGado, Jamael 1 Zwartz, Gordon 3 Sklar, Larry A. 3 Hlavacek, William S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, AZ 86011-5698, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA  3: Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  4: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 38 Issue 16-18, p1221; Subject Term: CELL aggregation; Subject Term: CELL receptors; Subject Term: FLOW cytometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: IgE–Fc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ligand-receptor binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Receptor aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: RI aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: x03B5; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramonell, Katrina M.
AU  - Zhang, Bing
AU  - Ewing, Rob M.
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Xu, Dong
AU  - Stacey, Gary
AU  - Somerville, Shauna
T1  - Microarray analysis of chitin elicitation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
JO  - Molecular Plant Pathology
JF  - Molecular Plant Pathology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 311
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14646722
AB  - Summary Chitin oligomers, released from fungal cell walls by endochitinase, induce defence and related cellular responses in many plants. However, little is known about chitin responses in the model plant Arabidopsis . We describe here a large-scale characterization of gene expression patterns in Arabidopsis in response to chitin treatment using an Arabidopsis microarray consisting of 2375 EST clones representing putative defence-related and regulatory genes. Transcript levels for 71 ESTs, representing 61 genes, were altered three-fold or more in chitin-treated seedlings relative to control seedlings. A number of transcripts exhibited altered accumulation as early as 10 min after exposure to chitin, representing some of the earliest changes in gene expression observed in chitin-treated plants. Included among the 61 genes were those that have been reported to be elicited by various pathogen-related stimuli in other plants. Additional genes, including genes of unknown function, were also identified, broadening our understanding of chitin-elicited responses. Among transcripts with enhanced accumulation, one cluster was enriched in genes with both the W-box promoter element and a novel regulatory element. In addition, a number of transcripts had decreased abundance, encoding several proteins involved in cell wall strengthening and wall deposition. The chalcone synthase promoter element was identified in the upstream regions of these genes, suggesting that pathogen signals may suppress the expression of some genes. These data indicate that Arabidopsis should be an excellent model to elucidate the mechanisms of chitin elicitation in plant defence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Plant Pathology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant diseases
KW  - Arabidopsis thaliana
KW  - Chitin
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - Plant genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 7265636; Ramonell, Katrina M. 1; Zhang, Bing 2; Ewing, Rob M. 1; Chen, Yu 3; Xu, Dong 3; Stacey, Gary 2; Somerville, Shauna 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; 2: Center for Legume Research, Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; 3: Genome Science and Technology Graduate School of the University of Tennessee and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: Sep2002, Vol. 3 Issue 5, p301; Thesaurus Term: Plant diseases; Subject Term: Arabidopsis thaliana; Subject Term: Chitin; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: Plant genetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1364-3703.2002.00123.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salvi, N. J.
AU  - Page, M. J.
AU  - Stevens, J. A.
AU  - Wu, K.
AU  - Mason, K. O.
AU  - Aller, M. F.
AU  - Aller, H. D.
AU  - Teräsranta, H.
AU  - Romero-Colmenero, E.
AU  - Cordova, F. A.
AU  - Priedhorsky, W. C.
T1  - Correlated multiwavelength emission from the X-ray-bright Seyfert galaxy III Zw 2.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2002/09//9/1/2002
VL  - 335
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
EP  - 188
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - Abstract The X-ray-bright Seyfert 1 galaxy III Zw 2 was observed with XMM–Newton in 2000 July. Its X-ray spectrum can be described by a power law of photon index Γ= 1.7 and an extremely broad (FWHM∼ 140 000 km s[sup -1] ) Fe Kα line at 6.44 keV. The iron line has an equivalent width of ∼800 eV. To study the long-term X-ray behaviour of the source we have analysed 25 yr of data, from 1975 to 2000. There is no evidence of significant intrinsic absorption within the source or of a soft X-ray excess in the XMM or archival data. We do not detect rapid X-ray variability (a few × 10[sup 3] s ) during any of the individual observations; however, on longer time-scales (a few years) the X-ray light curve shows 10-fold flux variations. We infer a black hole mass of ∼10[sup 9] M[sub ⊙] (from Hβ FWHM) for III Zw 2 which is much higher than some previous estimates. A comparison of X-ray variability with light curves at other wavelengths over a 25-yr period reveals correlated flux variations from radio to X-ray wavelengths. We interpret the variable radio to optical emission as synchrotron radiation, self-absorbed in the radio/millimetre region, and the X-rays mainly as a result of Compton up-scattering of low-energy photons by the population of high-energy electrons that give rise to the synchrotron radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray astronomy
KW  - SEYFERT galaxies
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - accretion
KW  - accretion discs
KW  - galaxies: active
KW  - galaxies: nuclei
KW  - quasars: general
KW  - quasars: individual: III Zw 2
N1  - Accession Number: 7265353; Salvi, N. J. 1 Page, M. J. 1 Stevens, J. A. 1 Wu, K. 1 Mason, K. O. 1 Aller, M. F. 2 Aller, H. D. 2 Teräsranta, H. 3 Romero-Colmenero, E. 4 Cordova, F. A. 5 Priedhorsky, W. C. 6; Affiliation:  1: Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT  2: Astronomy Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbour, MI 48109-1090, USA  3: Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Metsähovintie, FIN-02540 Kylmälä, Finland  4: South African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, Observatory 7935, South Africa  5: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  6: NIS Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 9/1/2002, Vol. 335 Issue 1, p177; Subject Term: X-ray astronomy; Subject Term: SEYFERT galaxies; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: accretion; Author-Supplied Keyword: accretion discs; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: active; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: nuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasars: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasars: individual: III Zw 2; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05603.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Lewis, T.A.
AU  - Mueller, P.E.
T1  - Tagging of isobars using energy loss and time-of-flight measurements
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 490
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The technique for tagging isobars in a mixed beam using differences in energy lost in an absorber by different isobars has been tested. As expected, isobar separation does improve by allowing more energy loss (thicker absorbers), but such gains could be realized only after achieving good absorber homogeneity. For heavy ions accelerated to low and moderate energies <f>(<30 MeV/A)</f>, we found that when homogenous absorbers are used, the largest impediment to achieving good isobar separation rests with uncertainties in energy caused by straggling in the absorber. Measurements of beam energy loss and energy spread were shown to come close to predicted values when accounting for both collisional and charge-exchange contributions to the calculated energy straggling. Reliable prediction of energy straggling then allowed us to study the efficacy of this method for isobar separation when applied to different mass ranges and beam energies. Time-of-flight was used to measure energy loss since this method allows handling of counting rates in excess of <f>1 MHz</f> and the demands on timing detector resolution and length of flight path were moderate for all cases under study here. Partial separation in a most difficult case, an analyzed beam of <f>A=132</f> isobars at energies near <f>3 MeV/A</f> has been demonstrated. The time-of-flight information can be added to the data stream for events of interest, as an additional parameter (tag) to the online data stream. Such event-by-event tagging enables one to study the effect of difference in isobaric mixture in the beam on the reaction outcome even when isobar separation is not complete. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - NUCLEAR isobars
KW  - Isobar tagging
KW  - Radioactive ion beams
KW  - Time-of-flight
N1  - Accession Number: 7865148; Shapira, D.; Email Address: shapira@mail.phy.ornl.gov Lewis, T.A. 1 Mueller, P.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 490 Issue 1/2, p159; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isobars; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isobar tagging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive ion beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lestone, J.P.
AU  - Pecos, J.M.
AU  - Rennie, J.A.
AU  - Sprinkle Jr, J.K.
AU  - Staples, P.
AU  - Grimm, K.N.
AU  - Hill, R.N.
AU  - Cherradi, I.
AU  - Islam, N.
AU  - Koulikov, J.
AU  - Starovich, Z.
T1  - The passive nondestructive assay of the plutonium content of spent-fuel assemblies from the BN-350 fast-breeder reactor in the city of Aqtau, Kazakhstan
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 490
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The International Atomic Energy Agency is presently interested in developing equipment and techniques to measure the plutonium content of breeder reactor spent-fuel assemblies located in storage ponds before they are relocated to more secure facilities. We present the first quantitative nondestructive assay of the plutonium content of fast-breeder reactor spent-fuel assemblies while still underwater in their facility storage pond. We have calibrated and installed an underwater neutron coincidence counter (Spent Fuel Coincidence Counter (SFCC)) in the BN-350 reactor spent-fuel pond in Aqtau, Kazakhstan. A procedure has been developed to convert singles and doubles (coincidence) neutron rates observed by the SFCC into the total plutonium content of a given BN-350 spent-fuel assembly. The plutonium content has been successfully determined for spent-fuel assemblies with a contact radiation level as high as ∼105 Rads/h. Using limited facility information and multiple measurements along the length of spent-fuel assemblies, the combined measurement and facility declaration error is ∼8%. A simplified one-point measurement procedure leads to a combined measurement and facility declaration error of ∼13%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - BREEDER reactors
KW  - SPENT reactor fuels
KW  - Aqtau
KW  - BN-350
KW  - Breeder reactor
KW  - Coincidence counter
KW  - Kazakhstan
KW  - Neutron
KW  - Nondistructive assay
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Spent fuel
N1  - Accession Number: 7865172; Lestone, J.P. 1; Email Address: jlestone@lanl.gov Pecos, J.M. 1 Rennie, J.A. 1 Sprinkle Jr, J.K. 1 Staples, P. 1 Grimm, K.N. 2 Hill, R.N. 2 Cherradi, I. 3 Islam, N. 3 Koulikov, J. 3 Starovich, Z. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NIS-5, Safeguards Science and Technology, MS E540, 87545 Los Alamos, NM, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA  3: International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 490 Issue 1/2, p409; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: BREEDER reactors; Subject Term: SPENT reactor fuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqtau; Author-Supplied Keyword: BN-350; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breeder reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coincidence counter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kazakhstan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nondistructive assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spent fuel; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharya, R.N.
AU  - Xing, Z.
AU  - Wu, J.Z.
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Yang, S.X.
AU  - Ren, Z.F.
AU  - Blaugher, R.D.
T1  - Superconducting thallium oxide and mercury oxide films
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 377
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 09214534
AB  - This paper reports on a study to convert electrodeposited Tl-oxide films to Hg-1212 using the cation-exchange process. A two-layer electrodeposition process was used to prepare Tl–Ba–Ca–Cu–O films with Tl-1212 and Tl-2212 stoichiometry. Electrodeposited Tl-films were also deposited with Bi and Sr substituted for the Tl and Ba, respectively and also reacted using cation exchange to attempt formation of Hg-1212. The superconducting transition temperature for the “non-substituted” films improved from 97 to 120 K after the cation-exchange process with a critical current density exceeding <f>2×106</f> at 5 K in zero field. The cation-exchange process for the Bi, Sr substituted films appears to be more difficult with no marked improvement in superconducting properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - Mercury oxide
KW  - Superconductors
KW  - Thallium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 7861976; Bhattacharya, R.N. 1; Email Address: raghu_bhattacharya@nrel.gov Xing, Z. 2 Wu, J.Z. 2 Chen, J. 3 Yang, S.X. 3 Ren, Z.F. 3 Blaugher, R.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA  3: Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Boston, MA 02467, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 377 Issue 3, p327; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thallium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Chau-Yun
AU  - Babcock, S.E.
AU  - Ichinose, Ataru
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Kroeger, D.M.
AU  - Lee, D.F.
AU  - List, F.A.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Mathis, J.E.
AU  - Paranthaman, M.
AU  - Park, C.
T1  - Microstructure of pulsed laser deposited YBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7−δ</f> films on yttria-stabilized zirconia/CeO<f>2</f> buffered biaxially textured Ni substrates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 377
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Transmission electron microscopy was used to study the microstructure of pulsed laser deposited YBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7−δ</f> (YBCO) layers on four different biaxially textured Ni-substrates with epitaxial oxide buffer layers. The oxide layer sequence, YBCO/YSZ/CeO<f>2</f>/Ni (YSZ signifies yttria-stabilized zirconia) was the same in each sample, but different deposition techniques were used to deposit the buffer layers. The thicknesses of all three oxide layers varied from sample to sample. A columnar sub-grain structure composed of equiaxed sub-grains in the plane of the film was observed in the YBCO layer of each sample. The sub-grain shape and local mosaic spread (<f>∼</f>3<f>°</f>) appeared to be largely insensitive to the surface topography, density, or method of depositing the YSZ layer immediately below. The sub-grain size (0.2–1.2 <f>μ</f>m) increased with film thickness (0.2–2.3 <f>μ</f>m), but showed no obvious correlation with the microstructure of the underlying YSZ. The measured misorientation angles (<f>θ</f>) at individual sub-grain boundaries suggested that a large fraction of the boundaries in the sub-grain boundary network have <f>θ</f> in the range of 2–3<f>°</f>. For most boundaries, the measured <f>θ</f> was below the 5<f>°</f> “threshold” angle for weak link behavior. Thus, a representative picture of the sub-grain boundary network above a single grain of nickel in a film of sub-micron thickness might be a honeycomb shaped arrangement of 2.5<f>°</f> [0 0 1] tilt boundaries spaced 0.25 <f>μ</f>m apart and containing dislocations at a spacing of 10 nm. This structure probably has consequences for the structure of grain boundaries in the YBCO that are replicated from the Ni template below. The superposition of the Ni grain boundary network with the grain boundary network due to mosaic spread almost certainly introduces substantial variations of <f>θ</f> along such boundaries on the sub-micron to micron length scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - Coated conductors
KW  - Grain boundaries
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - TEM
KW  - Weak links
N1  - Accession Number: 7861977; Yang, Chau-Yun 1 Babcock, S.E. 1; Email Address: babcock@engr.wisc.edu Ichinose, Ataru 1 Goyal, A. 2 Kroeger, D.M. 2 Lee, D.F. 2 List, F.A. 2 Norton, D.P. 2 Mathis, J.E. 2 Paranthaman, M. 2 Park, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Applied Superconductivity Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1509 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 377 Issue 3, p333; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weak links; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Konovalov, V. G.
AU  - Babun, A. V.
AU  - Bondarenko, V. N.
AU  - Papirov, I. I.
AU  - Ryzhkov, I. V.
AU  - Shapoval, A. N.
AU  - Shtan, A. F.
AU  - Solodovchenko, S. I.
AU  - Vasiliev, A. A.
AU  - Voitsenya, V. S.
AU  - Jacobson, L.
AU  - Orlinski, D. V.
T1  - CHANGE OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF BERYLLIUM MIRRORS UNDER DEUTERIUM ION BOMBARDMENT.
JO  - Plasma Devices & Operations
JF  - Plasma Devices & Operations
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 177
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10519998
AB  - In this paper the results of experimental investigations of beryllium mirrors behaviour under bombardment by ions of deuterium plasma are presented. In the experiments small Be mirror samples were exposed to D + ions of fixed energy in the range from 0.05 to 1.35 keV at deuterium pressure of (3-5)×10 -2  Pa, and step by step the normal incident reflectivity of the samples was measured after every exposure. The observed dependence of the reflectivity on the thickness of the sputtered layer agrees with an assumption that under D + ion bombardment there occurs the transformation of the BeO surface layer into the layer of hydroxide, Be(OD) 2 . The mass loss at early stage of ion bombardment, when such a transformation takes place, is negligible, and only after much longer exposures the reflectivity is slowly diminishing due to changing the surface layer morphology. The exposed mirrors heating up to >300°C during one hour leads to restoration of their reflectance, probably due to the backward process of BeO layer restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - Beryllium mirrors
KW  - Deuterium flux influence
KW  - Plasma diagnostics
N1  - Accession Number: 11550310; Konovalov, V. G. 1 Babun, A. V. 1 Bondarenko, V. N. 1 Papirov, I. I. 1 Ryzhkov, I. V. 1 Shapoval, A. N. 1 Shtan, A. F. 1 Solodovchenko, S. I. 1 Vasiliev, A. A. 1 Voitsenya, V. S. 1 Jacobson, L. 2 Orlinski, D. V. 3; Email Address: orlinskd@nfi.kiae.ru; Affiliation:  1: NSC "Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology", 61108 Kharkov, Ukraine  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: RRC "Kurchatov Institute", 123182 Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p169; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beryllium mirrors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterium flux influence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma diagnostics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/1051999021000004667
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harris, D.J.
AU  - Alam, M.K.
T1  - Chemometric solid-state 13C NMR analysis of morphology and dynamics in irradiated crosslinked polyolefin cable insulation
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 43
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5147
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The relative concentrations and carbon spin–lattice relaxation constants (T1,C) of the amorphous, intermediate, and crystalline phases of unaged crosslinked polyolefin cable insulation (ultimate elongation, <f>e=310%</f>), 60Co γ-irradiated <f>(e=22%),</f> and irradiated+annealed <f>(e=220%)</f> samples were determined by chemometric analyses of directly polarized solid-state 13C NMR spectra. The T1,C relaxation curves of the intermediate and amorphous components were found to be mono-exponential. The intermediate component contains 23±5% of the CH2 segments in the unaged sample and has an T1,C relaxation constant of 1.4±0.3 s. γ-Irradiation caused a slight decrease in the amount of intermediate component to 19±5% and an increase of the relaxation constant to 1.8±0.3 s. The subsequent annealing of the irradiated sample resulted in an additional increase of the relaxation constant to 2.1 s and a slight loss of crystallinity. The amorphous T1,C relaxation constants were found to be identical in all three samples and have a value of 0.38±0.03 s. At ambient temperature, the crystalline phase was found to relax via chain diffusion from the intermediate component. The rate of helical jumps was twice as fast in the irradiated and irradiated+annealed samples compared with the unaged material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYOLEFINS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - Chemometrics
KW  - Nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - Polyethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 7854657; Harris, D.J.; Email Address: wolfgang@alum.mit.edu Alam, M.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 43 Issue 19, p5147; Subject Term: POLYOLEFINS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemometrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyethylene; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petersen, L.
AU  - Ismail
AU  - Plummer, E.W.
T1  - Defect-blurred two-dimensional phase transition
JO  - Progress in Surface Science
JF  - Progress in Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00796816
AB  - The role of defects in phase transitions is an important subject, especially in systems of low dimensionality. The two-dimensional system Sn/Ge(1 1 1)-<f>(√ of <RCD>3</RCD></rad>×<rad><RCD>3</RCD></rad>)R</f>30° is an excellent example. The surface undergoes a gradual <f>(<rad><RCD>3</RCD></rad>×<rad><RCD>3</RCD>×√ of <RCD>3</RCD></rad>)R</f>30° is an excellent example. The surface undergoes a gradual <f>(<rad><RCD>3</RCD></rad>×<rad><RCD>3</RCD>)R</f>30° is an excellent example. The surface undergoes a gradual <f>(√ of <RCD>3</RCD></rad>×<rad><RCD>3</RCD>×√ of <RCD>3</RCD>)</f> to <f>(3×3)</f> phase transition upon cooling, and much debate has arisen over the exact physical mechanism responsible for the transition. Concepts such as Fermi surface nesting, charge density waves, Jahn–Teller distortions, metal–insulator fluctuations, and soft phonons have been invoked to explain the experimental findings, and there is now a growing understanding that substitutional Ge defects play an important role. A brief historical overview is presented of the work done on the Sn/Ge(1 1 1) system and of the different reported explanations of the phase transition. An extensive discussion of the phase-transition mechanism, and of the role played by defects, is provided. It is argued that the transition should be classified as displacive-like rather than order–disorder-like, but that defects obscure a clear distinction. The definitive experiments to test this conclusion are suggested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 8564436; Petersen, L. 1 Ismail 1,2; Email Address: xismail@utk.edu Plummer, E.W. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6057, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 71 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, Erdal
AU  - Mutlu, Ibrahim H.
AU  - Hascicek, Yusuf S.
T1  - Electrical properties of MgO–ZrO2 insulation coatings on Ag and AgMg/Bi-2212 tapes for magnet technology
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 47
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
SN  - 13596462
AB  - High temperature MgO–ZrO2 insulation coatings were successfully fabricated on long-length Ag and Ag/AgMg sheathed Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O<f>x</f> (Bi-2212) superconducting tapes and wires from solutions derived from alkoxide-based precursors using a reel-to-reel, continuous sol–gel technique for 3–5 T high field insert magnets. The insulation coatings were annealed at 850 °C for 20 h under O2 flow. The surface morphology of coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Dielectric constant and high voltage breakdown of insulation on tapes was measured by a multimeter and a standard high voltage breakdown power supply. SEM observations showed that MgO–ZrO2 insulation coatings possess homogenous and crack structures on AgMg/Bi-2212 tapes. It was found that dielectric constant and high breakdown voltage values of MgO–ZrO2 coatings increased with increasing MgO content in ZrO2 and coating thickness. Also, it was measured that the dielectric constant values of coatings with and without epoxy were 33 and 47, respectively. The maximum high breakdown voltage value was determined to be 1100 V in sample with 24 mol% MgO–ZrO2 coating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - Dielectric constant
KW  - High breakdown voltage and HTS conductor
KW  - MgO–ZrO2
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 7849683; Celik, Erdal 1,2,3; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Mutlu, Ibrahim H. 4 Hascicek, Yusuf S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory-FSU, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  3: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan  4: Department of Physics, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63300, Turkey; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 47 Issue 5, p315; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: High breakdown voltage and HTS conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO–ZrO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swadener, J.G.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - A mechanistic description of combined hardening and size effects
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 47
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Mechanistic models based on geometrically necessary dislocations are re-examined in light of recent experiments exhibiting the indentation size effect. A simple method is developed to combine work hardening, solid solution hardening, radiation hardening and size effects. The model is verified by experiments in ionic salt crystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - HARDNESS -- Testing
KW  - Dislocations theory
KW  - Hardness testing
KW  - Lattice defects
KW  - Yield phenomena
N1  - Accession Number: 7849689; Swadener, J.G.; Email Address: swadener@lanl.gov Misra, A. 1 Hoagland, R.G. 1 Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 47 Issue 5, p343; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: HARDNESS -- Testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardness testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield phenomena; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, V.L.
AU  - Peacock, A.D.
AU  - Smith, J.L.
AU  - Bolton Jr., H.
T1  - Relationships between soil microbial biomass determined by chloroform fumigation–extraction, substrate-induced respiration, and phospholipid fatty acid analysis
JO  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
JF  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1385
AB  - The soil microbial biomass (SMB) is responsible for many of the cycles and transformations of nutrients in soils. Three methods of measuring and describing this pool in soil are: (1) chloroform fumigation–extraction (CFE), (2) substrate-induced respiration, and (3) total extractable phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA). This study was conducted to seek a relationship between microbial PLFA and measures of SMB. Microbial PLFA was best predicted by CFE <f>(R2=0.77);</f> 1 nmol of PLFA corresponded to a flush of 2.4 μg C released by fumigation. This conversion factor will be useful in discussions of microbial populations and diversity and allow comparisons to literature in which only CFE is used to describe the size of the microbial biomass. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Biology & Biochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL microbiology
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - Chloroform fumigation–extraction
KW  - Phospholipid fatty acid
KW  - Soil microbial mass
KW  - Substrate-induced respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 7854211; Bailey, V.L. 1; Email Address: vanessa.bailey@pnl.gov Peacock, A.D. 2 Smith, J.L. 3 Bolton Jr., H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Center for Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA  3: USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 34 Issue 9, p1385; Subject Term: SOIL microbiology; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloroform fumigation–extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phospholipid fatty acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil microbial mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substrate-induced respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jhi, Seung-Hoon
AU  - Louie, Steven G.
AU  - Cohen, Marvin L.
T1  - Electronic properties of bromine-doped carbon nanotubes
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 123
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Intercalation of bromine molecules (Br2) into single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) ropes is studied using the ab initio pseudopotential density functional method. Electronic and vibrational properties of the SWNT and Br2 are studied for various bromine concentrations. A drastic change in the charge transfer, bromine stretching-mode, and bromine bond-length is observed when the bromine–bromine distance decreases. Calculated electronic structures show that, at high bromine concentrations, the bromine ppσ&ast; level broadens due to the interbromine interaction. These states overlap with the electronic bands of the SWNT near the Fermi level which results in a substantial charge transfer from carbon to bromine. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BROMINE
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - A. Nanotube
KW  - C. Bromine adsorption
KW  - D. Electronic band structure
KW  - D. Vibrational frequency
N1  - Accession Number: 7883393; Jhi, Seung-Hoon; Email Address: shjhi@nano.com Louie, Steven G. 1 Cohen, Marvin L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Materials Science Division, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 123 Issue 11, p495; Subject Term: BROMINE; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nanotube; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Bromine adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electronic band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Vibrational frequency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adžić, R.R.
AU  - Wang, J.X.
T1  - Structures of surface adlayers and oxygen reduction kinetics
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 150
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Structures of metal and anion adlayers have been determined during the course of oxygen reduction by in situ surface X-ray scattering techniques. These measurements provide answers to several open questions of the oxygen reduction electrocatalysis. These include the bridge site of O2 during reduction on Pt(111), the oxidation/redeposition of Tl adatoms as a possible origin of their catalytic action in a four-electron O2 reduction on Au(111) and the structure and stability of Br adlayers which block in different ways O2 reduction on Ag(100), Au(100) and Pt(111). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ELECTROCATALYSIS
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - METALS
KW  - Anion adsorption
KW  - Bromide adlayers
KW  - Oxygen reduction
KW  - Surface X-ray diffraction
KW  - Thallium adlayers
KW  - Underpotential deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 7858813; Adžić, R.R.; Email Address: adzic@bnl.gov Wang, J.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials and Chemical Sciences, Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 150 Issue 1/2, p105; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ELECTROCATALYSIS; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: METALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anion adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bromide adlayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thallium adlayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Underpotential deposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, L.D.
AU  - Phanchaisri, B.
AU  - Apavatjrut, P.
AU  - Anuntalabhochai, S.
AU  - Vilaithong, T.
AU  - Brown, I.G.
T1  - Some investigations of ion bombardment effects on plant cell wall surfaces
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 158/159
M3  - Article
SP  - 146
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Recent developments in the field of ion beam bioengineering, for example our own work demonstrating ion beam-induced transfer of exogenous macromolecules into the interior cell region, have underscored the need for a better understanding of the effects of ion bombardment on the cell wall material. We describe here, our investigations of ion beam sputtering of plant cell wall material and ion beam-induced damage to the cell wall. The presently available ion implantation simulation programs are not adequate, and experimental results are not available, either. We have indirectly estimated the surface sputtering yield of plant cell wall composed of C6H12O6-compound by remodeling the cell wall material so as to use partial mass densities and surface binding energies in the available ion implantation programs. For bombardment with a 30-keV Ar-ion beam, the sputtering yield from the cell wall is estimated to be approximately 10 atoms/ion, which is somewhat greater than the value predicted by direct program simulation, but in good agreement with experimental results. We have also performed electron microscopy on the ion-bombarded cell walls. The micrographs show novel microcrater-like structures on the cell wall subsequent to ion bombardment, which could be the ion beam-generated pathways for exogenous macromolecule transfer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - BIOENGINEERING
KW  - Cell wall surface
KW  - Exogenous macromolecule transfer
KW  - Ion bombardment
KW  - Plant cell
KW  - Sputtering
N1  - Accession Number: 7868551; Yu, L.D. 1; Email Address: yuld@fnrf.science.cmu.ac.th Phanchaisri, B. 2 Apavatjrut, P. 3 Anuntalabhochai, S. 4 Vilaithong, T. 1 Brown, I.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Fast Neutron Research Facility, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  2: Institute for Science and Technology Research and Development, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  3: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  4: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 158/159, p146; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: BIOENGINEERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell wall surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exogenous macromolecule transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plant cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phanchaisri, B.
AU  - Yu, L.D.
AU  - Anuntalabhochai, S.
AU  - Chandej, R.
AU  - Apavatjrut, P.
AU  - Vilaithong, T.
AU  - Brown, I.G.
T1  - Characteristics of heavy ion beam-bombarded bacteria E. coli and induced direct DNA transfer
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 158/159
M3  - Article
SP  - 624
SN  - 02578972
AB  - The goal of the work described here was to study ion beam interactions with bacteria and thus develop an understanding of the mechanisms involved in ion bombardment-induced direct gene transfer into bacterial cells. Ar ion beams at an energy of 26 keV and fluences ranging from 5×1014 to 4×1015 ions/cm2 were used to bombard bacterial cells of Escherichia coli strain DH5α. The bacteria were able to survive the low-temperature and low-pressure treatment conditions for at least a few hours. The ion bombardment created novel crater-like structures on the surface of the bacterial cell envelope, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Four variously sized DNA plasmids carrying the ampicillin resistance gene were transferred and expressed in E. coli cells bombarded with ion fluences of 1×1015 and 2×1015 ions/cm2. The dependence of the DNA transfer on the plasmid DNA size, ion fluence and incubation time all suggests that the ion beam-induced surface crater-like structures provide the pathway for the mechanism that is responsible for the ion beam-induced DNA transfer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Cell envelope
KW  - Escherichia. coli
KW  - Ion beam bombardment
KW  - Plasmid DNA transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 7868647; Phanchaisri, B. 1 Yu, L.D. 2; Email Address: yuld@fnrf.science.cmu.ac.th Anuntalabhochai, S. 3 Chandej, R. 3 Apavatjrut, P. 4 Vilaithong, T. 2 Brown, I.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Science and Technology Research and Development, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  2: Fast Neutron Research Facility, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  3: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  4: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 158/159, p624; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell envelope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Escherichia. coli; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmid DNA transfer; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogicevic, A.
AU  - Jennison, D.R.
T1  - Effect of oxide vacancies on metal island nucleation
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 515
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - L481
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Point defects on oxide surfaces, presumably oxygen vacancies, are traditionally considered preferential nucleation centers for metal island formation. In a series of first-principles calculations for transition and noble metal nucleation on MgO(1 0 0), we show that the propensity for neutral anion vacancies to nucleate metal islands is strongly element dependent: To the right in a period, where d-shell filling is substantial, vacancies typically inhibit nucleation, whereas the opposite holds for far-left elements. This bears significant implications for the system-specific design of metal–oxide interface properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Surface defects
N1  - Accession Number: 7861692; Bogicevic, A. 1; Email Address: abogicev@ford.com Jennison, D.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ford Research Laboratory, MD 3083/SRL, Dearborn, MI 48124, USA  2: Surface and Interface Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1415, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 515 Issue 2/3, pL481; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Bill X.
AU  - Huang, Hai
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - Stochastic analysis of solute transport in heterogeneous, dual-permeability media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 38
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 14-1
EP  - 14-16
SN  - 00431397
AB  - A Eulerian perturbation method is applied to study the influence of medium heterogeneity on nonreactive chemical transport in a saturated, fractured porous medium under steady state flow conditions. A dual-permeability model is used to describe the flow and solute transport in the fractured medium [ Gerke and van Genuchten, 1993a, 1993b]. The model involves two overlaying continua at the macroscopic level, a fracture pore system, and a less permeable matrix pore system. Solute advection and dispersion take place in both pore systems. A first-order mass diffusion model is used to describe the mass diffusion between fracture and matrix regions. The hydraulic conductivities in both fracture and matrix regions, K f and K m, and the interregional mass diffusion coefficient, a, are assumed to be spatial random variables to account for heterogeneity of the medium. A closed form analytical solution for the mean concentrations in the fracture and matrix regions is explicitly given in Fourier and Laplace transforms and numerically inverted to real space via fast Fourier transform. The simulation results demonstrate the significant effects of heterogeneous distributions of K f, K m, and a on solute transport process. Sensitivity studies show the dominant influence of heterogeneity in fracture in comparison with that in matrix. In some special scenarios of heterogeneity the dual-permeability model can be simplified to a mobile/immobile model [ Huang and Hu, 2000] or a one-domain model [ Deng et al., 1993]. The developed analytical solution provides a general tool to investigate the effects of various heterogeneities on solute transport in fractured porous media and to analyze the errors introduced through various model simplifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - dual-permeability
KW  - heterogeneous
KW  - solute transport
KW  - stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 87143766; Hu, Bill X. 1; Huang, Hai 1; Zhang, Dongxiao 2; Affiliations: 1: Desert Research Institute, Division of Hydrologic Sciences, University and Community College System of Nevada; 2: Hydrology, Geochemistry and Geology Group (EES-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 9, p14-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: dual-permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneous; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000442
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, H. H.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G. S.
AU  - Finsterle, S.
T1  - A note on unsaturated flow in two-dimensional fracture networks.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 38
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 15-1
EP  - 15-9
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Although considerable progress has been made in understanding unsaturated flow processes in a single fracture, our knowledge of unsaturated flow in fracture networks remains incomplete. In this study, we present a numerical investigation of steady flow behavior in two-dimensional fracture networks containing thousands of fractures within a 10 m × 10 m domain. Simulation results indicate that flow paths are generally vertical (as a result of gravity-dominated flow behavior), with subhorizontal fractures providing pathways for communications between vertical flow paths, inducing horizontal spreading of these paths. Although many fractures with small trace lengths do not contribute to the global flow through a fracture network, some of them are still connected to the major flow paths and thus contribute to the overall connectivity of the network. They may also considerably affect the interaction between fractures and the matrix. On the basis of our simulation results we hypothesize that average spacing between flow paths in a layered system tends to increase with depth as long as flow is gravity driven. We also discuss the concept of an influence zone of a capillary barrier to describe seepage from fracture networks to underground openings (drifts). Our simulation results imply that three-dimensional fracture network models are needed for providing a more realistic evaluation of capillary barrier effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fracture network modeling
KW  - seepage
KW  - vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87143759; Liu, H. H. 1; Bodvarsson, G. S. 1; Finsterle, S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 9, p15-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture network modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: seepage; Author-Supplied Keyword: vadose zone; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000977
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ratti, C.
AU  - Di Sabatino, S.
AU  - Britter, R.
AU  - Brown, M.
AU  - Caton, F.
AU  - Burian, S.
T1  - Analysis of 3-D Urban Databases with Respect to Pollution Dispersion for a Number of European and American Cities.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus
Y1  - 2002/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
EP  - 469
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 15677230
AB  - Dispersion models require as input various geometrical parameters to calculate the flow field and dispersion characteristics in the urban environment. As a result of recent advances in digital photogrammetry and remote sensing, databases of the actual 3-D geometry of city centre areas are now increasingly available. In this work we outline a procedure to reduce this large amount of data to a structured input for urban pollution dispersion models, i.e. to extract the important flow and dispersion parameters from the urban databases. Based on a review of the scientific literature, we have identified a number of parameters relevant to the modelling of pollution dispersion and atmospheric flows in urban areas. These parameters are: the plan and frontal area densities, the plan and frontal area density as a function of height, the distribution of heights, their standard deviation, the aerodynamic roughness length and the sky view factor. These parameters are obtained by analysing urban Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) which are regularly spaced grids of elevation values. Examples of the parameters calculated from high-resolution databases (with pixel size of about 1 m) for three European (London, Toulouse and Berlin) and two North American (Salt Lake City and Los Angeles) cities are presented and discussed. The calculated aerodynamic roughness length was smaller for the European cities than for the North American ones. A multiplicative correction factor κ to the aerodynamic roughness length is proposed to include the effect of the variability of the building heights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Urban pollution
KW  - Cities & towns
KW  - Population
KW  - Aerial photogrammetry
KW  - Analysis of variance
KW  - Databases
KW  - aerodynamic parameters
KW  - Digital Elevation Models (DEMs)
KW  - image processing
KW  - pollution dispersion
KW  - urban morphometry
KW  - urban roughness
N1  - Accession Number: 17134525; Ratti, C. 1; Di Sabatino, S. 2,3; Email Address: silvana@cerc.co.uk; Britter, R. 2; Brown, M. 4; Caton, F. 5; Burian, S. 6; Affiliations: 1: University of Cambridge, Department of Architecture, Martin Centre for Architectural and Urban Studies, Cambridge, U.K.; 2: University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Cambridge, U.K.; 3: Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Ltd, Cambridge, UK.; 4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Energy and Environmental Analysis Group TSA-4, Los Alamos, U.S.A.; 5: Laboratorie d'Energétique et de Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée CNRS UMR 7563, Vandoeuvre Cedex, France.; 6: University of Arkansas, Department of Civil Engineering, 4190 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, AR, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Sep2002, Vol. 2 Issue 5/6, p459; Thesaurus Term: Urban pollution; Thesaurus Term: Cities & towns; Thesaurus Term: Population; Subject Term: Aerial photogrammetry; Subject Term: Analysis of variance; Subject Term: Databases; Author-Supplied Keyword: aerodynamic parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital Elevation Models (DEMs); Author-Supplied Keyword: image processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: pollution dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: urban morphometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: urban roughness; NAICS/Industry Codes: 481215 Non-scheduled specialty flying services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pike, L.M.
AU  - Anderson, I.M.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Chang, Y.A.
T1  - Site occupancies, point defect concentrations, and solid solution hardening in B2 (Ni,Fe)Al
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/09/03/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3859
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A novel approach was used to characterize the site occupancies and point defect concentrations in the B2-ordered (Ni,Fe)Al single phase field over a wide range of composition and temperature. This approach combined atom location by channeling enhanced microanalysis (ALCHEMI) determinations of atomic site occupancies and vacancy concentration measurements. The triple defect structure was observed across the entire phase field. Qualitative thermodynamic predictions such as that Fe anti-site are more stable than Ni anti-sites were confirmed. However, in some portions of the phase field it was found that Ni anti-site concentrations were higher than expected from simplistic thermodynamic predictions of site preference. Such predictions are clearly inadequate if a quantitative determination of site occupancies is desired. The importance of this type of characterization in interpreting solid solution hardening (SSH) in ordered compounds was illustrated by considering three portions of the (Ni,Fe)Al phase field. In all three cases the solute atoms did not directly harden, but affected the hardness by altering the concentrations of other point defects. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Une approche originale a permis de de´terminer les occupations de site et les concentrations en de´fauts ponctuels dans le domaine monophase´ du compose´ ordonne´ (Ni,Fe)Al (B2) pour un large intervalle de compositions et de tempe´ratures. Cette approche a combine´ des de´terminations d’occupation de sites atomiques (ALCHEMI) et des mesures de concentration en lacunes. Les pre´dictions thermodynamiques qualitatives telles que les anti-sites de fer sont plus stables que les anti-sites de nickel ont e´te´ confirme´es. Cependant, on a trouve´ dans certaines re´gions du domaine de phase des concentrations en anti-sites de nickel plus e´leve´es que celles pre´dites par un simple mode&grave;le thermodynamique de pre´fe´rence de site. Ces pre´dictions sont clairement inade´quates si l’on de´sire une de´termination quantitative des occupations de site. L’importance de ce genre de caracte´risation dans l’interpre´tation du durcissement par le phe´nome&grave;ne de solution solide dans les compose´s ordonne´s a e´te´ illustre´e en conside´rant trois re´gions du domaine de phase (Ni,Fe)Al. Dans les trois cas, les atomes dissous n’ont pas contribue´ directement au durcissement, mais ils ont affecte´ la duˆrete´ en changeant les concentrations en d’autres de´fauts ponctuels. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAIN hardening
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - IRON
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - BORON
KW  - Analytical electron microscopy
KW  - Compounds, Intermetallic
KW  - Lattice defects
KW  - Mechanical properties, Hardness
KW  - Solute site occupancy
N1  - Accession Number: 7866697; Pike, L.M. 1; Email Address: lpike@haynesintl.com Anderson, I.M. 2 Liu, C.T. 2 Chang, Y.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Engineering and Technology, Haynes International, Kokomo, IN, 46904-9013, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6115, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706-1595, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 50 Issue 15, p3859; Subject Term: STRAIN hardening; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: BORON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compounds, Intermetallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties, Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solute site occupancy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas S.
AU  - Ryan, Sinéad M.
T1  - Remark on the theoretical uncertainty in <f>B0</f>–<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">B</ovl> 0</f> mixing
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/09/05/
VL  - 543
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We re-examine the theoretical uncertainty in the Standard Model expression for <f>B0</f>–<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">B</ovl> 0</f> mixing. We focus on lattice calculations of the ratio <f>ξ</f>, needed to relate the oscillation frequency of <f>B0s</f>–<f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">B</ovl> 0s</f> mixing to the poorly known CKM element <f>Vtd</f>. We replace the usual linear chiral extrapolation with one that includes the logarithm that appears in chiral perturbation theory. We find a significant shift in the ratio <f>ξ</f>, from the conventional <f>1.15±0.05</f> to <f>ξ=1.32±0.10</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7869374; Kronfeld, Andreas S. 1; Email Address: ask@fnal.gov Ryan, Sinéad M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: School of Mathematics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 543 Issue 1/2, p59; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brankovic, S.R.
AU  - Marinkovic, N.S.
AU  - Wang, J.X.
AU  - Adžić, R.R.
T1  - Carbon monoxide oxidation on bare and Pt-modified <f>Ru(101¯0)</f> and Ru(0001) single crystal electrodes
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/09/06/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 15726657
AB  - Carbon monoxide oxidation on bare and Pt-modified ruthenium surfaces with the <f>(101¯0)</f> and (0001) orientations was investigated with cyclic voltammetry, scanning-tunneling microscopy and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Facile oxidation kinetics of CO on <f>Ru(101¯0)</f> are observed, in contrast with a slow reaction on Ru(0001). Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements confirmed that spontaneous deposition of Pt produces island-like structures on both single crystal Ru surfaces. CO oxidation on a bimetallic <f>Pt/Ru(101¯0)</f> surface with a Pt coverage of approximately one monolayer occurs at potentials that are 140 mV more negative than those for bare Pt. This potential is, however, more positive than the potential of the onset of the oxidation on <f>Ru(101¯0)</f>. IR spectroscopy shows one peak for linearly adsorbed CO on bare and Pt-modified <f>Ru(101¯0)</f> surfaces, while two peaks are visible for the Pt-modified Ru(0001) structure. A single broad peak for the bimetallic <f>Pt/Ru(101¯0)</f> surface may result from addition of the red-shifted peak for Pt and the peak for the <f>Ru(101¯0)</f> substrate. A large red shift of CO on the <f>Pt/Ru(101¯0)</f> surface requires further work to be explained. A negative shift of CO oxidation on <f>Pt/Ru(101¯0)</f> indicates a decrease of the Pt&z.sbnd;CO bond strength on that surface compared with the bond with bulk Pt. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - In situ infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Metal monolayers
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Spontaneous Pt deposition
KW  - STM
N1  - Accession Number: 7881001; Brankovic, S.R. 1 Marinkovic, N.S. 2 Wang, J.X. 1 Adžić, R.R. 1; Email Address: adzic@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Albert Einstein Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal monolayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spontaneous Pt deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: STM; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonneau, Richard
AU  - Strauss, Charlie E. M.
AU  - Rohl, Carol A.
AU  - Chivian, Dylan
AU  - Bradley, Phillip
AU  - Malmström, Lars
AU  - Robertson, Tim
AU  - Baker, David
T1  - De Novo Prediction of Three-dimensional Structures for Major Protein Families
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/09/06/
VL  - 322
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 00222836
AB  - We use the Rosetta de novo structure prediction method to produce three-dimensional structure models for all Pfam-A sequence families with average length under 150 residues and no link to any protein of known structure. To estimate the reliability of the predictions, the method was calibrated on 131 proteins of known structure. For approximately 60% of the proteins one of the top five models was correctly predicted for 50 or more residues, and for approximately 35%, the correct SCOP superfamily was identified in a structure-based search of the Protein Data Bank using one of the models. This performance is consistent with results from the fourth critical assessment of structure prediction (CASP4). Correct and incorrect predictions could be partially distinguished using a confidence function based on a combination of simulation convergence, protein length and the similarity of a given structure prediction to known protein structures. While the limited accuracy and reliability of the method precludes definitive conclusions, the Pfam models provide the only tertiary structure information available for the 12% of publicly available sequences represented by these large protein families. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - FORECASTING
KW  - CASP, critical assessment of structure prediction
KW  - gene annotation
KW  - ORF, open reading frame
KW  - PDB, Protein Data Bank
KW  - Pfam
KW  - RMSD, root-mean-square deviation
KW  - Rosetta
KW  - structural genomics
KW  - structure prediction
KW  - WORLDWIDE Protein Data Bank (Organization)
N1  - Accession Number: 11544076; Bonneau, Richard 1 Strauss, Charlie E. M. 2 Rohl, Carol A. 1 Chivian, Dylan 1 Bradley, Phillip 1 Malmström, Lars 1 Robertson, Tim 1 Baker, David 1; Email Address: dabaker@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Box 357350, J-567 Health Sciences, Seattle, WA 98195-7350, USA  2: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 322 Issue 1, p65; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: FORECASTING; Author-Supplied Keyword: CASP, critical assessment of structure prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene annotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORF, open reading frame; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDB, Protein Data Bank; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pfam; Author-Supplied Keyword: RMSD, root-mean-square deviation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rosetta; Author-Supplied Keyword: structural genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: structure prediction; Company/Entity: WORLDWIDE Protein Data Bank (Organization); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walls, Jamie D.
AU  - Blanton, Wyndham B.
AU  - Havlin, Robert H.
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - Creating isotropic dipolar spectra for a pair of dipole coupled spins in high-field
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/09/09/
VL  - 363
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
SN  - 00092614
AB  - In the absence of a strong magnetic field, the dipolar interaction between two nuclear spins is independent of orientation leading to sharp lines. However, in high magnetic fields the Zeeman interaction breaks the symmetry of space and spin producing an anisotropic dipolar spectra. In the following Letter, a method that yields isotropic dipolar spectra for a pair of dipole-coupled spins is presented. This is accomplished through a suitable choice of coherence pathways and average Hamiltonians. We present a theoretical explanation as well as an experimental verification for this novel methodology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ZEEMAN effect
N1  - Accession Number: 7873975; Walls, Jamie D. 1 Blanton, Wyndham B. 1 Havlin, Robert H. 1 Pines, Alexander; Email Address: pines@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, MC 1460, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 363 Issue 3/4, p372; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ZEEMAN effect; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, Lawrence
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
AU  - Smith, David
T1  - Gauge-Higgs unification in higher dimensions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/09/09/
VL  - 639
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
SN  - 05503213
AB  - The electroweak Higgs doublets are identified as components of a vector multiplet in a higher-dimensional supersymmetric field theory. We construct a minimal model in 6D where the electroweak <f>SU(2)⊗U(1)</f> gauge group is extended to <f>SU(3)</f>, and unified 6D models with the unified <f>SU(5)</f> gauge symmetry extended to <f>SU(6)</f>. In these realistic theories the extended gauge group is broken by orbifold boundary conditions, leaving Higgs doublet zero modes which have Yukawa couplings to quarks and leptons on the orbifold fixed points. In one <f>SU(6)</f> model the weak mixing angle receives power law corrections, while in another the fixed point structure forbids such corrections. A 5D model is also constructed in which the Higgs doublet contains the fifth component of the gauge field. In this case Yukawa couplings are introduced as nonlocal operators involving the Wilson line of this gauge field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7861997; Hall, Lawrence 1 Nomura, Yasunori 1; Email Address: yasunori@thsrv.lbl.gov Smith, David 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, and Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 639 Issue 1/2, p307; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beneke, Martin
AU  - Buchalla, Gerhard
AU  - Greub, Christoph
AU  - Lenz, Alexander
AU  - Nierste, Ulrich
T1  - The <f>B+−Bd0</f> lifetime difference beyond leading logarithms
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/09/09/
VL  - 639
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We compute perturbative QCD corrections to the lifetime splitting between the charged and neutral <f>B</f> meson in the framework of the heavy quark expansion. These next-to-leading logarithmic corrections are necessary for a meaningful use of hadronic matrix elements of local operators from lattice gauge theory. We find the uncertainties associated with the choices of renormalization scale and scheme significantly reduced compared to the leading-order result. We include the full dependence on the charm-quark mass <f>mc</f> without any approximations. Using hadronic matrix elements estimated in the literature with lattice QCD we obtain <f>τ(B+)/τ(B0d)=1.053±0.016±0.017</f>, where the effects of unquenching and <f>1/mb</f> corrections are not yet included. The lifetime difference of heavy baryons <f>Ξ0b</f> and <f>Ξ−b</f> is also briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - MESONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - 12.38.Bx
N1  - Accession Number: 7862001; Beneke, Martin 1 Buchalla, Gerhard 2; Email Address: gerhard.buchalla@cern.ch Greub, Christoph 3 Lenz, Alexander 4 Nierste, Ulrich 2,5; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik E, RWTH Aachen, Sommerfeldstraße 28, D-52074 Aachen, Germany  2: Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  3: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland  4: Fakultät für Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany  5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 639 Issue 1/2, p389; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.38.Bx; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siino, Joseph S.
AU  - Nazarov, Igor B.
AU  - Zalenskaya, Irina A.
AU  - Yau, Peter M.
AU  - Bradbury, E. Morton
AU  - Tomilin, Nikolai V.
T1  - End-joining of reconstituted histone H2AX-containing chromatin in vitro by soluble nuclear proteins from human cells
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2002/09/11/
VL  - 527
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Non-homologous end-joining is an important pathway for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. This type of DNA break is followed by the rapid phosphorylation of Ser-139 in the histone variant H2AX to form γ-H2AX. Here we report efficient in vitro end-joining of reconstituted chromatin containing nucleosomes made with either H2A or H2AX. This reaction is catalyzed by nuclear extracts from human cells and this end-joining is not suppressed by the PI-3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin. During the end-joining reaction H2AX is phosphorylated at Ser-139 as detected by immunoblot with specific antibodies and this phosphorylation is inhibited by wortmannin. Therefore, in vitro the DNA end-joining reaction appears to be independent of H2AX phosphorylation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - AFM, atomic force microscopy
KW  - DSB, double-strand DNA break
KW  - DTT, dithiothreitol
KW  - NCP, nucleosome core particle
KW  - NHEJ, non-homologous end-joining
KW  - rhH2AX, recombinant human H2AX
N1  - Accession Number: 7874714; Siino, Joseph S. 1 Nazarov, Igor B. 1 Zalenskaya, Irina A. 1 Yau, Peter M. 1 Bradbury, E. Morton 1,2 Tomilin, Nikolai V. 1,3; Email Address: nvtom@mail.ru; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Bioscience Division, MSM 888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 527 Issue 1-3, p105; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM, atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSB, double-strand DNA break; Author-Supplied Keyword: DTT, dithiothreitol; Author-Supplied Keyword: NCP, nucleosome core particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: NHEJ, non-homologous end-joining; Author-Supplied Keyword: rhH2AX, recombinant human H2AX; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baek, I.
AU  - Carpenter, J.M.
AU  - Iverson, E.
T1  - The upgrade of intense pulsed neutron source (IPNS) through the change of coolant and reflector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/09/11/
VL  - 490
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 522
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The current intense pulsed neutron source (IPNS) depleted uranium target is cooled by light water. The inner reflector material is graphite and the outer reflector material is beryllium. The presence of H2O in the target moderates neutrons and leads to a higher absorption loss in the target than is necessary. D2O coolant in the small quantities required minimizes this effect. We have studied the possible improvement in IPNS beam fluxes that would result from changing the coolant from H2O to D2O and the inner reflector from graphite to beryllium. Neutron intensities were calculated for directions normal to the viewed surface of each moderator for four different cases of combinations of target coolant and reflector materials. The simulations reported here were performed using the MCNPX (version 2.1.5) computer program. Our results show that substantial gains in neutron beam intensities can be achieved by appropriate combination of target coolant and reflector materials. The combination of D2O coolant and beryllium inner and outer reflectors improves facility performance about 1.3 times. The purpose of this summary is to report our simulation and to recommend to change target coolant and inner reflector materials based on our simulation results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - NEUTRONS -- Spectra
KW  - MCNP
KW  - Moderator
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Reflector
KW  - Spallation neutron source
KW  - Time-averaged neutron spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 7873793; Baek, I. 1; Email Address: inseok@anl.gov Carpenter, J.M. 2 Iverson, E. 3; Affiliation:  1: EAD, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Av., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Av., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 490 Issue 3, p522; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: NEUTRONS -- Spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCNP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moderator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation neutron source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-averaged neutron spectrum; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ethvignot, T.
AU  - Granier, T.
AU  - Giot, L.
AU  - Casoli, P.
AU  - Nelson, R.O.
T1  - A fission-fragment-sensitive target for X-ray spectroscopy in neutron-induced fission
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/09/11/
VL  - 490
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 559
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A fission-fragment-sensitive detector built for low-energy photon spectroscopy applications at the WNR “white” neutron source at Los Alamos is described. The detector consists of eight layers of thin photovoltaic cells, onto which <f>1 mg/cm2</f> of pure <f>238U</f> is deposited. The detector serves as an active target to select fission events from background and other reaction channels. The fairly small thickness of the detector with respect to transmission of 20–<f>50 keV</f> photons permits the measurement of prompt fission-fragment X-rays. Results with the GEANIE photon spectrometer are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - Fission-fragment detector
KW  - Neutron-induced fission
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 7873797; Ethvignot, T. 1; Email Address: thierry.ethvignot@cea.fr Granier, T. 1 Giot, L. 1 Casoli, P. 1 Nelson, R.O. 2; Affiliation:  1: Service de Physique Nucleaire, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique, DAM Ile-de-France, BP 12, F-91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France  2: Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, MS H855, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 490 Issue 3, p559; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fission-fragment detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron-induced fission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaic cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kammer, Daniel C.
AU  - Alvin, Kenneth F.
T1  - Component metamodel synthesis for the construction of master response surfaces
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2002/09/13/
VL  - 191
IS  - 41/42
M3  - Article
SP  - 4555
SN  - 00457825
AB  - Response surfaces or metamodels have long been used as cost effective surrogates for complex numerical simulations or as analytical representations of experimental data. In standard practice, a single analytical model is used within a simulation or fit to experimental data. In reality, several different models may be appropriate for consideration. A new method is presented for combining a set of alternative metamodels into a single master response surface or Super-Metamodel (SM) that is valid over all of input parameter space. The SM is formed as a linear combination of competing component metamodels where each model is weighted by its predicted probability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics)
KW  - METAMATHEMATICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - Metamodel
KW  - Model averaging
KW  - Response surface
N1  - Accession Number: 7877399; Kammer, Daniel C. 1 Alvin, Kenneth F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin, 539 Engineering Research Building, 1500 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Structural Dynamics and Vibration Control, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 191 Issue 41/42, p4555; Subject Term: RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics); Subject Term: METAMATHEMATICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metamodel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model averaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Response surface; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rubin, Seth M.
AU  - Lee, Seok-Yong
AU  - Ruiz, E. Janette
AU  - Pines, Alexander
AU  - Wemmer, David E.
T1  - Detection and Characterization of Xenon-binding Sites in Proteins by 129Xe NMR Spectroscopy
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/09/13/
VL  - 322
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Xenon-binding sites in proteins have led to a number of applications of xenon in biochemical and structural studies. Here we further develop the utility of 129Xe NMR in characterizing specific xenon–protein interactions. The sensitivity of the 129Xe chemical shift to its local environment and the intense signals attainable by optical pumping make xenon a useful NMR reporter of its own interactions with proteins. A method for detecting specific xenon-binding interactions by analysis of 129Xe chemical shift data is illustrated using the maltose binding protein (MBP) from Escherichia coli as an example. The crystal structure of MBP in the presence of 8 atm of xenon confirms the binding site determined from NMR data. Changes in the structure of the xenon-binding cavity upon the binding of maltose by the protein can account for the sensitivity of the 129Xe chemical shift to MBP conformation. 129Xe NMR data for xenon in solution with a number of cavity containing phage T4 lysozyme mutants show that xenon can report on cavity structure. In particular, a correlation exists between cavity size and the binding-induced 129Xe chemical shift. Further applications of 129Xe NMR to biochemical assays, including the screening of proteins for xenon binding for crystallography are considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - XENON
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - MBP, maltose binding protein
KW  - MIR, multiple isomorphous replacement
N1  - Accession Number: 8514033; Rubin, Seth M. 1,2 Lee, Seok-Yong 2,3 Ruiz, E. Janette 1,4 Pines, Alexander 1,4 Wemmer, David E. 1,2,3; Email Address: dewemmer@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry MC-1460, University of California, Berkeley, B84A Hildebrand Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 322 Issue 2, p425; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: MBP, maltose binding protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: MIR, multiple isomorphous replacement; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peters, A.M.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Effect of carrier gas on the deposition of titanium carbo-nitride coatings by a novel organo-metallic plasma immersion ion processing technique
JO  - Vacuum
JF  - Vacuum
Y1  - 2002/09/13/
VL  - 67
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 0042207X
AB  - Using a novel organo-metallic chemical vapor deposition plasma immersion ion processing technique, titanium carbo-nitride (Ti–C–N) coatings were deposited from an organo-metallic CVD precursor, tetrakis-dimethylamino titanium. Different carrier gases (acetylene, ammonia, argon and nitrogen) were made to flow through the precursor reservoir at 20 sccm so that the coating composition could be modified. Deposited coatings had thickness in the range of 300–1000 nm as determined by surface profilometry. Titanium concentrations in the coatings ranged from 10.8 to 15.1 at%. Hardness values of these coatings ranged from &ap;8–14 GPa while residual stresses were in the range from −440 to −100 MPa, as determined by nanoindentation and wafer curvature techniques, respectively. Coefficient of friction values ranged from 0.2 to 0.45, and were lowest for coatings with low titanium content. Hardness, coefficient of friction and residual stress increased with increasing titanium content. Wear resistance was determined by a pin-on-disk technique and wear coefficients ranged from 0.005×10−6 to 2×10−6 mm3/N m, increasing with increasing hardness indicating an abrasive wear mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vacuum is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - Coefficient of friction
KW  - Hardness
KW  - OMCVD
KW  - Plasma immersion ion processing (PIIP)
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - TiCN
N1  - Accession Number: 7872062; Peters, A.M.; Email Address: ampeters@lanl.gov Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division Mail Stop E537, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 67 Issue 2, p169; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: FRICTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coefficient of friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: OMCVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma immersion ion processing (PIIP); Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: TiCN; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zak, Michail
T1  - Entanglement-based self-organization
JO  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
JF  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 745
SN  - 09600779
AB  - Based upon quantum entanglement, several paradigms of self-organization (such as inverse diffusion, transmissions of conditional information, decentralized coordination, cooperative computing, competitive games, topological evolution in active systems) are introduced and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos, Solitons & Fractals is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 8727553; Zak, Michail 1,2; Email Address: michail.zak@jpl.nasa.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ultracomputing group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, M/S 126-347, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA  2: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p745; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Kennedy, David W.
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - Duff, Martine C.
AU  - Hunter, Douglas B.
AU  - Dohnalkova, Alice
T1  - Influence of Mn oxides on the reduction of uranium(VI) by the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3247
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The potential for Mn oxides to modify the biogeochemical behavior of U during reduction by the subsurface bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32 was investigated using synthetic Mn(III/IV) oxides (pyrolusite [β-MnO2], bixbyite [Mn2O3] and K+-birnessite [K4Mn14O27 · 8H2O]). In the absence of bacteria, pyrolusite and bixbyite oxidized biogenic uraninite (UO2[s]) to soluble U(VI) species, with bixbyite being the most rapid oxidant. The Mn(III/IV) oxides lowered the bioreduction rate of U(VI) relative to rates in their absence or in the presence of gibbsite (Al[OH]3) added as a non-redox-reactive surface. Evolved Mn(II) increased with increasing initial U(VI) concentration in the biotic experiments, indicating that valence cycling of U facilitated the reduction of Mn(III/IV). Despite an excess of the Mn oxide, 43 to 100% of the initial U was bioreduced after extended incubation. Analysis of thin sections of bacterial Mn oxide suspensions revealed that the reduced U resided in the periplasmic space of the bacterial cells. However, in the absence of Mn(III/IV) oxides, UO2(s) accumulated as copious fine-grained particles external to the cell. These results indicate that the presence of Mn(III/IV) oxides may impede the biological reduction of U(VI) in subsoils and sediments. However, the accumulation of U(IV) in the cell periplasm may physically protect reduced U from oxidation, promoting at least a temporal state of redox disequilibria. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 7871883; Fredrickson, James K. 1 Zachara, John M. 1 Kennedy, David W. 1 Liu, Chongxuan 1 Duff, Martine C. 2 Hunter, Douglas B. 2 Dohnalkova, Alice 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Savannah River Technology Center, Aiken, SC 29808, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 66 Issue 18, p3247; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Levin, E.M.
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
T1  - The magnetic properties of Tb(Mn1−xFex)2 solid solutions with 0.35&les;<f>x</f>&les;0.65
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 250
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The temperature (4.5–700 K) and magnetic field (0–50 kOe) dependencies of the DC magnetization, and AC magnetic susceptibility (5 Oe, 125 Hz AC field) of the polycrystalline C15 Laves phase Tb(Mn1−xFex)2 alloys with <f>x=0.35</f>, 0.5, and 0.65 have been measured. The substitution of Fe for Mn decreases the lattice parameter. At 5 K, the Tb(Mn1−xFex)2 alloys exhibit a ferrimagnetic state because of the antiparallel alignment of the magnetic moments of Tb and the Fe+Mn atoms. The Curie temperature increases with increasing <f>x</f>, while remanence and coercivity decrease with <f>x</f> at low temperatures, and increase in the high temperature region. A slope change of the inverse DC magnetic susceptibility, <f>χDC−1</f>, was observed for all alloys and the corresponding temperature increases with increasing <f>x</f>. The temperature dependencies of the inverse AC magnetic susceptibility, <f>(χ′AC)−1</f>, exhibit a peak at temperature close to the Curie temperature of each alloy and follow the Curie–Weiss law above this temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TERBIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - LAVES phases (Metallurgy)
KW  - AC magnetic susceptibility
KW  - DC magnetization
KW  - Lattice parameters
KW  - Terbium–manganese–iron Laves phases
N1  - Accession Number: 7906629; Zhang, W. 1,2 Levin, E.M. 1 Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 1,2; Email Address: cagey@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 255 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 255 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 250 Issue 1-3, p170; Subject Term: TERBIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: LAVES phases (Metallurgy); Author-Supplied Keyword: AC magnetic susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: DC magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terbium–manganese–iron Laves phases; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lemons, Don S.
AU  - Albright, B.J.
T1  - Quiet Monte Carlo radiation transport
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 74
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 719
SN  - 00224073
AB  - We model radiation transport by advancing computational photons through phase space with solutions to a set of stochastic differential equations of motion. Random numbers that appear in the equations of motion are sampled with deterministically chosen Gaussian quadrature weights and abscissas. In this way, the advantages of particle Monte Carlo are realized without generating statistical noise. We demonstrate this technique by performing one- and two-dimensional test problems in which gray radiation is energetically coupled to stationary material. Scattering is accomplished with a Fokker–Planck scattering operator. Free streaming, diffusion and Marshak waves are recovered in appropriate limits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - Marshak waves (Diffusion)
KW  - Monte Carlo methods
KW  - Radiation transport
N1  - Accession Number: 7815496; Lemons, Don S. 1 Albright, B.J.; Email Address: balbright@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: MS-B259, Plasma Physics Group, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 74 Issue 6, p719; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Marshak waves (Diffusion); Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation transport; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siegel, Ch.
AU  - Braud, M.
AU  - Balmer, J.E.
AU  - Nilsen, J.
T1  - Near-field spatial imaging of the Ni-like palladium soft-X-ray laser
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 210
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 00304018
AB  - We report on a series of near-field imaging experiments for the nickel-like 14.7-nm Pd X-ray laser that were conducted with the aim to characterize the two-dimensional source intensity distribution and its position relative to the target surface. The effect of different prepulse amplitudes at variable main pulse-to-prepulse delays is investigated. For larger prepulses (2.8% and 8%) the peak emission is moved farther away from target surface with increasing delay whereas for the weak prepulse (0.5%) the position of peak emission remains rather stable over a delay range of several nanoseconds. A great deal of structure was observed in the near-field image. The size of the smallest structures detected is consistent with the coherence length-obtained from the corresponding far-field data – at the output aperture. The measurements are compared to the simulations performed with the LASNEX and CRETIN codes. The LASNEX code is used to calculate the hydrodynamic evolution of the plasma and provide the temperatures and densities to the CRETIN code, which then does the kinetics calculations to determine the gain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray lasers
KW  - NEAR-fields
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - Near-field spatial imaging
KW  - Nickel-like X-ray lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 7874041; Siegel, Ch. 1; Email Address: siegel@iap.unibe.ch Braud, M. 1 Balmer, J.E. 1 Nilsen, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Applied Physics, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 210 Issue 3-6, p305; Subject Term: X-ray lasers; Subject Term: NEAR-fields; Subject Term: NICKEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Near-field spatial imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel-like X-ray lasers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kliner, Dahv A.V.
AU  - Di Teodoro, Fabio
AU  - Koplow, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Moore, Sean W.
AU  - Smith, Arlee V.
T1  - Efficient second, third, fourth, and fifth harmonic generation of a Yb-doped fiber amplifier
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 210
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 00304018
AB  - We report generation of the second, third, fourth, and fifth harmonics of the output of a Yb-doped fiber amplifier seeded by a passively Q-switched Nd:YAG microchip laser. We obtained high conversion efficiencies using a simple optical arrangement and critically phase-matched nonlinear crystals. Starting with 320 mW of average power at 1064 nm (86 <f>μ</f>J per pulse at a 3.7 kHz repetition rate), we generated 160 mW at 532 nm, 38 mW at 355 nm, 69 mW at 266 nm, and 18 mW at 213 nm. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL fibers
KW  - YTTERBIUM
KW  - Frequency conversion
KW  - Optical fiber amplifiers
KW  - Ultraviolet generation
KW  - Ytterbium
N1  - Accession Number: 7874051; Kliner, Dahv A.V. 1; Email Address: dakline@ca.sandia.gov Di Teodoro, Fabio 2 Koplow, Jeffrey P. 2 Moore, Sean W. 2 Smith, Arlee V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, P.O. Box 969, MS 9056, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 210 Issue 3-6, p393; Subject Term: OPTICAL fibers; Subject Term: YTTERBIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical fiber amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultraviolet generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ytterbium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
T1  - Averaged Lagrangians and the mean effects of fluctuations in ideal fluid dynamics
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 170
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 01672789
AB  - We begin by placing the generalized Lagrangian mean (GLM) equations for a compressible adiabatic fluid into the Euler–Poincaré (EP) variational framework of fluid dynamics, for an averaged Lagrangian. We then state the EP Averaging Result—that GLM equations arise from GLM Hamilton’s principles in the EP framework. Next, we derive a new set of approximate small-amplitude GLM equations (<F>gℓm</F> equations) at second order in the fluctuating displacement of a Lagrangian trajectory from its mean position. These equations express the linear and nonlinear back-reaction effects on the Eulerian mean fluid quantities by the fluctuating displacements of the Lagrangian trajectories in terms of their Eulerian second moments. The derivation of the <F>gℓm</F> equations uses the linearized relations between Eulerian and Lagrangian fluctuations, in the tradition of Lagrangian stability analysis for fluids. The <F>gℓm</F> derivation also uses the method of averaged Lagrangians, in the tradition of wave, mean flow interaction (WMFI). The <F>gℓm</F> EP motion equations for compressible and incompressible ideal fluids are compared with the Euler-alpha turbulence closure equations. An alpha model is a GLM (or <F>gℓm</F>) fluid theory with a Taylor hypothesis closure (THC). Such closures are based on the linearized fluctuation relations that determine the dynamics of the Lagrangian statistical quantities in the Euler-alpha closure equations. We use the EP Averaging Result to bridge between the GLM equations and the Euler-alpha closure equations. Hence, combining the small-amplitude approximation with THC yields in new <F><OVL TYPE="bar" STYLE="S">gℓm</OVL></F> turbulence closure equations for compressible fluids in the EP variational framework. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Averaged Lagrangians
KW  - Ideal fluid dynamics
KW  - Taylor hypothesis
KW  - Turbulence closures
N1  - Accession Number: 7865283; Holm, Darryl D. 1; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 170 Issue 3/4, p253; Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Averaged Lagrangians; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ideal fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Taylor hypothesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence closures; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myśliński, P.
AU  - Kamasa, P.
AU  - Wąsik, A.
AU  - Pyda, M.
AU  - Wunderlich, B.
T1  - Characterization of the ceramic coating of iron with TiN by temperature-modulated dilatometry
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 392/393
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 00406031
AB  - Arc-evaporated ceramic films such as TiN, TiCN, and TiAlN find application for enhancing wear-resistance of tools for metal cutting. The wear-resistance is influenced by adhesive forces between film and substrate, which may be degraded by residual and imposed stresses, leading to delamination and damage of coating. The aim of this work was to find a relationship between physical properties of the coated iron and thermally induced stresses detected by dilatometry. Samples of iron coated with layers of TiN were investigated. In order to obtain more details about the degradation process of adhesion, the dilatometric analysis was carried out simultaneously with differential temperature and magnetometric analysis. The significant increase in thermal response was achieved by applying temperature modulation, a novel method in this field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - METAL cutting
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - Temperature-modulated differential dilatometry
KW  - Thin film coating
N1  - Accession Number: 7876590; Myśliński, P. 1; Email Address: myslinsk@lew.tu.koszalin.pl Kamasa, P. 2,3 Wąsik, A. 1 Pyda, M. 2,3 Wunderlich, B. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Technical University of Koszalin, ul. Raclawicka 15-17, 75-620 Koszalin, Poland  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Science Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 392/393, p187; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: METAL cutting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature-modulated differential dilatometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film coating; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamasa, P.
AU  - Merzlyakov, M.
AU  - Pyda, M.
AU  - Pak, J.
AU  - Schick, C.
AU  - Wunderlich, B.
T1  - Multi-frequency heat capacity measured with different types of TMDSC
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/09/15/
VL  - 392/393
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
SN  - 00406031
AB  - The heat capacities of sapphire (Al2O3) and sodium chloride (NaCl), have been measured to establish the accuracy and precision of two different temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimeters operated in diverse multi-frequency modes. The calorimeters have then been applied to find the apparent, reversing heat capacity of polystyrene as a function of frequency in the glass transition region. The first modulation mode consisted of a series of linear heating and cooling segments and produced four harmonics with practically equal temperature amplitudes (1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th), one of lower amplitude (9th), and almost negligible higher harmonics. The second modulation mode is a rather sharp step ending in an isotherm or slow temperature-decrease and leads to a controlled spike in the heat-flow rate response which produces Fourier components of similar amplitudes for all harmonics of the rates of changes of temperature. The apparent, reversing heat capacity is evaluated from the amplitudes of the heat-flow rates and the corresponding sample temperatures or heating-rates. A time-constant or calibration constant which accounts for thermal conductivities and resistances within the calorimeters can be evaluated from the different harmonics of each run. Measurements in the glass transition region have a slow response of the sample. They are evaluated by separating the sample effect from the calorimeter response which can be extrapolated from data gained outside the transition. One measurement is thus sufficient for the evaluation of the frequency dependence of the heat capacity in the glass transition region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - Fourier transformation
KW  - Glass transition
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Higher harmonics
KW  - Multi-frequency modulation
KW  - Temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry
KW  - TMDSC
N1  - Accession Number: 7876591; Kamasa, P. 1,2 Merzlyakov, M. 3 Pyda, M. 1,2 Pak, J. 1,2 Schick, C. 3 Wunderlich, B. 1,2; Email Address: wunderlich@chartertn.net; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 392/393, p195; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Higher harmonics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-frequency modulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMDSC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belkin, M.A.
AU  - Shen, Y.R.
AU  - Flytzanis, C.
T1  - Coupled-oscillator model for nonlinear optical activity
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/09/16/
VL  - 363
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 479
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The coupled-oscillator model, previously used to describe linear optical activity, is extended to the study of nonlinear optical activity of dimer-like chiral molecules. The result shows good agreement between theory and experiment for optically active sum-frequency generation from 1,<f>1′</f>-bi-2-naphthol solution. It is seen that linear and nonlinear optical activities generally probe different aspects of the chiral structure of the molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - CHIRALITY
N1  - Accession Number: 7873992; Belkin, M.A. 1,2 Shen, Y.R. 1,2; Email Address: shenyr@socrates.berkeley.edu Flytzanis, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 363 Issue 5/6, p479; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: CHIRALITY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Webb III, Edmund B.
AU  - Grest, Gary S.
T1  - Molecular dynamics simulations of reactive wetting
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/09/16/
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Liquid Ag drops spreading on a Cu(1 0 0) surface are studied with molecular dynamics simulations. Results for reactive wetting by which a Cu/Ag alloy is formed are compared to a frozen substrate for which there is no alloying. The radius of the Ag wetting layer increases initially as <f>t1/2</f> for both cases but drops spread faster in reactive systems. A crossover to slower wetting kinetics is observed at later t. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - METALS
KW  - Metals
KW  - Reactive wetting
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Spreading
N1  - Accession Number: 9097287; Webb III, Edmund B.; Email Address: ebwebb@sandia.gov Grest, Gary S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p393; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: METALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive wetting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spreading; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harms, U.
AU  - Shen, T.D.
AU  - Schwarz, R.B.
T1  - Thermal conductivity of Pd<f>40</f>Ni<f>40−x</f>Cu<f>x</f>P<f>20</f> metallic glasses
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/09/16/
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The thermal diffusivity and electrical conductivity of Pd<f>40</f>Ni<f>40−x</f>Cu<f>x</f>P<f>20</f> bulk amorphous alloys with <f>x=0</f>, 20, and 30 has been measured from 300 to 400 K. Using the electrical conductivity data and the Wiedemann–Franz law, the thermal conductivity is separated into electron and phonon contributions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ALLOYS
N1  - Accession Number: 9097290; Harms, U. 1 Shen, T.D. 1 Schwarz, R.B.; Email Address: rxzs@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p411; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bloom, Ira
AU  - Jones, Scott A.
AU  - Polzin, Edward G.
AU  - Battaglia, Vincent S.
AU  - Henriksen, Gary L.
AU  - Motloch, Chester G.
AU  - Wright, Randy B.
AU  - Jungst, Rudolph G.
AU  - Case, Herbert L.
AU  - Doughty, Daniel H.
T1  - Mechanisms of impedance rise in high-power, lithium-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/09/18/
VL  - 111
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 152
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Cells were life-cycled cells using profiles with a 3, 6, or 9% change in state of charge (ΔSOC) at 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C. From the voltage response of the cells to the life-cycle profile at each temperature, we separated the overall impedance rise into two simpler terms, Ro (ohmic) and Rp (polarization), using an equivalent circuit model. The Ro data tend to follow the expected trends (<F>40>50>60>70</F> °C). Although the Rp data trends show that Rp can either decrease or increase asymptotically with time, the overall temperature-dependent behavior is similar to that of Ro. We illustrate the types of processes that can occur in one lithium-ion cell chemistry. Based on the initial rates, the processes are complex. The Ro term dominates the observable cell impedance, but Rp adds a non-trivial contribution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - ELECTRIC circuit analysis
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - IONS
KW  - High-power
KW  - Impedance
KW  - Lithium-ion
N1  - Accession Number: 7873385; Bloom, Ira 1; Email Address: bloom@cmt.anl.gov Jones, Scott A. 1 Polzin, Edward G. 1 Battaglia, Vincent S. 1 Henriksen, Gary L. 1 Motloch, Chester G. 2 Wright, Randy B. 2 Jungst, Rudolph G. 3 Case, Herbert L. 3 Doughty, Daniel H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4837, USA  2: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 111 Issue 1, p152; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuit analysis; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jia, Zhen
AU  - Natarajan, Pradeep
AU  - Forte, Trudy M.
AU  - Bielicki, John K.
T1  - Thiol-bearing synthetic peptides retain the antioxidant activity of apolipoproteinA-IMilano
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2002/09/20/
VL  - 297
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 206
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - Apolipoprotein(apo)<f>A-IMilano</f> (R173C) and <f>apoA-IParis</f> (R151C) are rare cysteine variants of wild-type (WT) apoA-I that possess novel antioxidant properties on phospholipid surfaces. Yet, the two variants differ in their ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. In this study, we used synthetic peptides (18 mers) to investigate the structural basis for the difference in antioxidant activity between <f>apoA-IMilano</f> and <f>apoA-IParis</f>. A peptide (aa 167-R173C-184) based on the amphipathic <f>α</f> helix harboring the R173C mutation inhibited superoxide anion-mediated oxidation of phospholipid in a dose-dependent manner, but it failed to directly quench superoxide anions in aqueous solution, indicating that the peptide acted at the level of phospholipid to inhibit lipid peroxidation just like the full-length cysteine variant. Peptide 145-R151C-162 based on the helical segment containing R151C exhibited the same capacity as peptide 167-R173C-184 to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Thus, the difference in antioxidant activity between <f>apoA-IMilano</f> and <f>apoA-IParis</f> was not governed by the primary amino acid sequence of their individual amphipathic <f>α</f> helices, rather contextual constraints within the full-length variants set the difference in antioxidant activity. Cysteine-free peptides were weak inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that thiol-bearing helical peptides based on <f>apoA-IMilano</f> may be useful to combat inflammatory related diseases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ANTIOXIDANTS
KW  - <f>ApolipoproteinA-IMilano</f>
KW  - <f>ApolipoproteinA-IParis</f>
KW  - Amphipathic <f>α</f> helix
KW  - Antioxidant activity
KW  - ApolipoproteinA-I
KW  - Lipid peroxidation
KW  - Oxidized phospholipid
KW  - Reactive oxygen species
KW  - Superoxide anions
KW  - Synthetic peptides
N1  - Accession Number: 8515308; Jia, Zhen 1 Natarajan, Pradeep 1 Forte, Trudy M. 1 Bielicki, John K.; Email Address: jkbielicki@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Genome Sciences, Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 297 Issue 2, p206; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ANTIOXIDANTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>ApolipoproteinA-IMilano</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>ApolipoproteinA-IParis</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amphipathic <f>α</f> helix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antioxidant activity; Author-Supplied Keyword: ApolipoproteinA-I; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lipid peroxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidized phospholipid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive oxygen species; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superoxide anions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthetic peptides; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhong, Jianxin
AU  - Niu, Qian
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Imaging of polar surfaces: atomic resolution with a charged tip
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/09/20/
VL  - 516
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - L547
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We show theoretically that atomic resolution imaging of a polar surface can be achieved by using an atomic force microscope with a charged tip (CAFM). The image is obtained by analyzing the Coulomb interaction force between the charged tip and the polar surface, which not only displays striking contrasts between atoms of different charges but also exhibits a short-range exponential decay when increasing the tip–surface distance. Such a CAFM may be useful in imaging all polar surfaces with or without defects. It may also be applied to surfaces which are nonpolar but with significant charge transfer between different atoms due to surface reconstruction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - COULOMB excitation
KW  - Atom–solid interactions
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Electron–solid interactions
KW  - Scanning tunneling spectroscopies
KW  - Surface defects
N1  - Accession Number: 7869234; Zhong, Jianxin 1; Email Address: zhongjn@ornl.gov Niu, Qian 2 Zhang, Zhenyu 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6355, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 516 Issue 3, pL547; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: COULOMB excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom–solid interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–solid interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling spectroscopies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamamoto, A.
AU  - Makida, Y.
AU  - Tanaka, K.
AU  - Krienen, F.
AU  - Roberts, B.L.
AU  - Brown, H.N.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Danby, G.T.
AU  - G-Perdekamp, M.
AU  - Hseuh, H.
AU  - Jia, L.
AU  - Lee, Y.Y.
AU  - Mapes, M.
AU  - Meng, W.
AU  - Morse, W.
AU  - Pai, C.
AU  - Prigl, R.
AU  - Sampson, W.
AU  - Sandberg, J.
AU  - Suenaga, M.
T1  - The superconducting inflector for the BNL g-2 experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/09/21/
VL  - 491
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The muon g-2 experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has the goal of determining the muon anomalous magnetic moment, <f>aμ (=(g-2)/2)</f>, to the very high precision of 0.35 parts per million and thus requires a storage ring magnet with great stability and homogeneity. A super-ferric storage ring has been constructed in which the field is to be known to <f>0.1 ppm</f>. In addition, a new type of air core superconducting inflector has been developed and constructed, which successfully serves as the injection magnet. The injection magnet cancels the storage ring field, <f>1.5 T</f>, seen by the entering muon beam very close to the storage ring aperture. At the same time, it gives negligible influence to the knowledge of the uniform main magnetic field in the muon storage region located at just <f>23 mm</f> away from the beam channel. This was accomplished using a new double cosine theta design for the magnetic field which traps most of the return field, and then surrounding the magnet with a special superconducting sheet which traps the remaining return field. The magnet is operated using a warm-to-cold cryogenic cycle which avoids affecting the precision field of the storage ring. This article describes the design, research development, fabrication process, and final performance of this new type of superconducting magnet. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - Accelerator magnet
KW  - Applied superconductivity
KW  - Magnetic flux shielding
KW  - Muon g-2
KW  - Superconducting magnet
N1  - Accession Number: 7873872; Yamamoto, A. 1 Makida, Y. 1 Tanaka, K. 1 Krienen, F. 2 Roberts, B.L. 2 Brown, H.N. 3 Bunce, G. 3 Danby, G.T. 3 G-Perdekamp, M. 3 Hseuh, H. 3 Jia, L. 3 Lee, Y.Y. 3 Mapes, M. 3 Meng, W. 3; Email Address: meng@bnl.gov Morse, W. 3 Pai, C. 3 Prigl, R. 3 Sampson, W. 3 Sandberg, J. 3 Suenaga, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  2: Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 491 Issue 1/2, p23; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Applied superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic flux shielding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon g-2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnet; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bordallo, H.N.
AU  - Herwig, K.W.
AU  - Zsigmond, G.
T1  - Analytical calculations and Monte-Carlo simulations of a high-resolution backscattering spectrometer for the long wavelength target station at the Spallation neutron source
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/09/21/
VL  - 491
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Using the Monte-Carlo simulation programs McStas and VITESS, we present the design principles of the proposed high-resolution inverse geometry spectrometer on the Spallation neutron source (SNS)—long wavelength target station (LWTS). LWTS will enable the combination of large energy and momentum transfer ranges with energy resolution. Indeed the resolution of this spectrometer lie between that routinely achieved by spin echo techniques and the design goal of the high-power target station (HPTS) backscattering spectrometer. This niche of energy resolution is interesting for the study of slow motions of large objects and we are led to the domain of large molecules—polymers and biological molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Backscattering
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation packages
KW  - Neutron instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 7873889; Bordallo, H.N. 1; Email Address: bordallo@hmi.de Herwig, K.W. 2 Zsigmond, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Hahn–Meitner-Institut, SF1, Glienicker Strasse 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 491 Issue 1/2, p216; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Backscattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation packages; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kiss, Miklos Z.
AU  - Sayers, Dale E.
AU  - Zhong, Zhong
T1  - Comparison of X-ray detectors for a diffraction enhanced imaging system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/09/21/
VL  - 491
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 280
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Three digital detector systems—a Fuji BAS2500 Image Plate Reader, a prototype charge-coupled device (CCD) from Mar USA and the MicroPhotonics XQUIS 1000 were compared with respect to format, dynamic range, dark noise, and spatial resolution. Experiments were conducted using highly collimated monochromatic X-rays at 20 keV, produced at the National Synchrotron Light Source. This study characterized digital detectors being considered for integration into a synchrotron-based diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) apparatus used for medical imaging research, particularly mammography. These detectors are also being considered for integration into a proposed clinical prototype for DEI-based mammography. While all three systems had comparable image quality, the CCDs had faster readout time than the image plate system. However, the Fuji system had the largest dynamic range (∼105 compared to 104 for CCDs) and the largest active area. The MicroPhotonics XQUIS 1000 had the best spatial resolution as characterized by the point spread function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - CCD
KW  - Diffraction enhanced imaging
KW  - Digital detector
KW  - Image plate
KW  - Modulation transfer function
KW  - Point spread function
KW  - Synchrotron
N1  - Accession Number: 7873895; Kiss, Miklos Z. 1; Email Address: mzkiss@unity.ncsu.edu Sayers, Dale E. 1 Zhong, Zhong 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Box 8202, 27695 Raleigh, NC, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 491 Issue 1/2, p280; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: CCD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction enhanced imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image plate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modulation transfer function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Point spread function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tilley, D.R.
AU  - Cheves, C.M.
AU  - Godwin, J.L.
AU  - Hale, G.M.
AU  - Hofmann, H.M.
AU  - Kelley, J.H.
AU  - Sheu, C.G.
AU  - Weller, H.R.
T1  - Energy levels of light nuclei <f>A=5</f>, 6, 7
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/09/23/
VL  - 708
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 03759474
AB  - A review of the evidence on the properties of the nuclei <f>A=5</f>, 6 and 7, with emphasis on material leading to information about the structure of the <f>A=5</f>, 6, 7 systems. (References closed 23 August 2001.) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - LIGHT
N1  - Accession Number: 7855741; Tilley, D.R. 1,2 Cheves, C.M. 1,3 Godwin, J.L. 1,3; Email Address: jennilyn@tunl.duke.edu Hale, G.M. 4 Hofmann, H.M. 5 Kelley, J.H. 1,2 Sheu, C.G. 1,3 Weller, H.R. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC 27708-0308, USA  2: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202, USA  3: Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0305, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 708 Issue 1/2, p3; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: LIGHT; Number of Pages: 161p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G.L.
T1  - Analysis of four-point grids: the diamond configuration
JO  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
JF  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
Y1  - 2002/09/25/
VL  - 131
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
SN  - 00963003
AB  - Equations for the four-point grid can be derived from data taken in the diamond array. The equations are obtained from analogous equations for the rectangle or by appeal to the shifting operator, <f>exp(x)F(x)=F(x+h)</f>. Curvature on the grid is estimated by interaction and quadratic coefficients. These coefficients compare favorably to the same coefficients as determined by Taylor expansion of the functions generating the data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematics & Computation is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUADRATIC equations
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Diamond array
KW  - Interaction coefficient
KW  - Operational equations
KW  - Quadratic coefficient
KW  - Response surfaces
KW  - Shifting operator
N1  - Accession Number: 7852140; Silver, G.L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory<fn id="fn1">Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under contract No. W-7405-ENG-36.</fn>, P.O. Box 1663, MS E502, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 131 Issue 2/3, p215; Subject Term: QUADRATIC equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interaction coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Operational equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadratic coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Response surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shifting operator; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J.
AU  - Tsukuda, Toyoko
AU  - Dockendorff, Brian
AU  - Follansbee, James C.
AU  - Kingsley, Mark T.
AU  - Ocampo, Cathy
AU  - Stults, Jennie R.
AU  - Chandler, Darrell P.
T1  - Renewable microcolumns for automated DNA purification and flow-through amplification: from sediment samples through polymerase chain reaction
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/09/26/
VL  - 469
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 00032670
AB  - There is an increasing need for field-portable systems for the detection and characterization of microorganisms in the environment. Nucleic acids analysis is frequently the method of choice for discriminating between bacteria in complex systems, but standard protocols are difficult to automate and current microfluidic devices are not configured specifically for environmental sample analysis. In this report, we describe the development of an integrated DNA purification and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification system and demonstrate its use for the automated purification and amplification of Geobacter chapellei DNA (genomic DNA or plasmid targets) from sediments. The system includes renewable separation columns for the automated capture and release of microparticle purification matrices, and can be easily reprogrammed for new separation chemistries and sample types. The DNA extraction efficiency for the automated system ranged from 3 to 25%, depending on the length and concentration of the DNA target. The system was more efficient than batch capture methods for the recovery of dilute genomic DNA even though the reagent volumes were smaller than required for the batch procedure. The automated DNA concentration and purification module was coupled to a flow-through, Peltier-controlled DNA amplification chamber, and used to successfully purify and amplify genomic and plasmid DNA from sediment extracts. Cleaning protocols were also developed to allow reuse of the integrated sample preparation system, including the flow-through PCR tube. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - NUCLEIC acids -- Analysis
KW  - SEQUENTIAL injection analysis
KW  - Microbead
KW  - Nucleic acid
KW  - PCR
KW  - Renewable microcolumn
KW  - Sediment
KW  - Sequential injection
N1  - Accession Number: 7910287; Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J. 1; Email Address: cindy.bruckner-lea@pnl.gov Tsukuda, Toyoko 2 Dockendorff, Brian 1 Follansbee, James C. 1 Kingsley, Mark T. 2 Ocampo, Cathy 3 Stults, Jennie R. 3 Chandler, Darrell P. 1,3; Email Address: dp.chandler@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Environmental Characterization and Risk Assessment, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Analytical Microbiology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 469 Issue 1, p129; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids -- Analysis; Subject Term: SEQUENTIAL injection analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbead; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable microcolumn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential injection; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allain, Leonardo R.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 using a silver-coated microarray platform
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/09/26/
VL  - 469
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 00032670
AB  - Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy was used to monitor DNA hybridization of a fragment of the BRCA1 breast cancer susceptibility gene on modified silver surfaces. Rhodamine B was covalently attached to a 5′-amino-labeled oligonucleotide sequence (23 mer) through a succinimidyl ester intermediate in methanol. The silver surfaces were prepared by depositing a discontinuous layer (9.0 nm) of silver onto glass slides, which had been etched with HF to form a microwell platform, and subsequently modified with a monolayer of mercaptoundecanoic acid. The complementary probe was covalently attached to the silver surfaces using a succinimidyl ester intermediate in acetonitrile. The silver island substrate allows a very large enhancement of the Raman signal of the DNA-Rhodamine B, and clear distinction between hybridized samples and controls on a microwell array sampling platform. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREAST cancer -- Diagnosis
KW  - NUCLEIC acid hybridization
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BRCA
KW  - Breast cancer detection
KW  - DNA immobilization
KW  - Rhodamine B
KW  - SAMs
KW  - SERS
N1  - Accession Number: 7910292; Allain, Leonardo R. 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 469 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: BREAST cancer -- Diagnosis; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acid hybridization; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: BRCA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast cancer detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA immobilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodamine B; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAMs; Author-Supplied Keyword: SERS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weiss, R.
AU  - Fischer, J.
AU  - Bulach, V.
AU  - Schünemann, V.
AU  - Gerdan, M.
AU  - Trautwein, A.X.
AU  - Shelnutt, J.A.
AU  - Gros, C.P.
AU  - Tabard, A.
AU  - Guilard, R.
T1  - Structure and mixed spin state of the chloroiron(III) complex of 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaphenyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin, Fe(dpp)Cl
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/09/26/
VL  - 337
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 00201693
AB  - The chloroiron(III) complex Fe(dpp)Cl (1) of the peripherally crowded 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaphenyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin or dodecaphenylporphyrin (dpp), has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, normal-coordinate structural decomposition analysis (NSD), EPR and Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The dpp ligand present in the crystal structure of this molecule is predominantly saddle-shaped. It is also ruffled and slightly domed according to an analysis of the out-of-plane distortions performed by using NSD. This saddle deformation is significantly smaller than those observed in the chloroiron(III) complexes of the β-pyrrole octamethyl and octaethyl substituted tetraphenylporphyrins, Fe(omtpp)Cl and in the two crystalline forms known for Fe(oetpp)Cl (2, 2′). It is similar to that observed in the chloroiron(III) complex of the β-pyrrole hexaethyltetraphenylporphyrin, Fe(hetpp)Cl (6), in which the porphyrin ligand contains only three 3,4-diethyl substituted pyrrole rings. However, this saddle deformation present in 1 is still larger than those observed in all the cytochromes c′ and plant peroxidases whose heme structures were analyzed by NSD. The EPR spectrum of 1 shows that the contribution of the S=3/2 spin state to the S=5/2, 3/2 quantum-mechanically spin-admixed state (QMS) is 6.75%. The Mo¨ssbauer spectrum obtained at room temperature and the magnetic susceptibility measured between 2 and 293 K of a powder sample of 1 are compatible with such a small S=5/2, 3/2 spin admixture. However, although the saddle displacement (sad) of 2.75 A˚ found in Fe(dpp)Cl by NSD is slightly smaller than that of 2.90 A˚ observed in Fe(hetpp)Cl (6) or much smaller than that of 3.40 A˚ found in Fe(oetpp)Cl (2′), the S=3/2 contribution of 6.75% is larger than those observed in the other two compounds of 2.75 and 4.25%, respectively. This relatively large sad displacement of 2.75 A˚ observed in the porphyrin of 1 together with the small S=5/2, 3/2 spin admixture of 6.75% indicates that the saddle distortion alone is probably not sufficient to cause the QMS states observed in several ferricytochromes c′ isolated from photosynthetic bacteria and in some plant peroxidases. The slightly larger S=5/2, 3/2 spin admixture found in 1 (6.75%) relative to that of 2.75% observed in 6 could be related to the larger ruffling of the dpp ring of 1 relative to that of the hetpp ring present in 6. It may be that saddling along with other factors such as specific combinations of non-planar deformations, specific axial ligands and ligand geometries are necessary to realize a substantial S=5/2, 3/2 spin admixture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Iron complexes
KW  - Magnetic properties
KW  - Porphyrin complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 7788091; Weiss, R. 1; Email Address: weiss@chimie.u-strasbg.fr Fischer, J. 2 Bulach, V. 3 Schünemann, V. 4 Gerdan, M. 4 Trautwein, A.X. 4 Shelnutt, J.A. 5,6 Gros, C.P. 7 Tabard, A. 7 Guilard, R. 7; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, UMR 7006 (CNRS), ISIS, Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, 4, rue B. Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France  2: Laboratoire de Chimie Organométallique et de Catalyse, UMR 7513, Institut le Bel, Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, 4, rue B. Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France  3: Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Organique, UMR 7513, Institut le Bel, Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, 4, rue B. Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France  4: Institut für Physik, Medizinische Universität zu Lübeck, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany  5: Biomolecular Materials and Interfaces Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1349, USA  6: Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  7: Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Université de Bourgogne, LIMSAG UMR CNRS 5633, 6, Boulevard Gabriel, 21100 Dijon, France; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 337, p223; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porphyrin complexes; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Desnica, U.V.
AU  - Desnica-Frankovic, I.D.
AU  - Gamulin, O.
AU  - White, C.W.
AU  - Sonder, E.
AU  - Zuhr, R.A.
T1  - UV–visible reflectivity study of the synthesis and growth of nanocrystals obtained by ion implantation
JO  - Vacuum
JF  - Vacuum
Y1  - 2002/09/26/
VL  - 67
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
SN  - 0042207X
AB  - The reflectivity (<f>R</f>) in the UV–visible range was used to study CdS nanocrystals obtained by implantation of Cd and S ions into SiO2 and subsequent annealing (<f>Ta=300–900</f>°C). We demonstrate that such an analysis can give very useful information about the process of nanocrystal formation and growth. The synthesis of even a small fraction of CdS is readily observable through the appearance of interference fringes since the refractive index of CdS, <f>nCdS</f>, is substantially higher than that of SiO2, <f>nSiO2</f>. Extensive CdS synthesis, resulting in strong fringes, occurs for <f>Ta&ges;500</f>°C. In addition, for higher <f>Ta</f>, a peak in <f>R</f> with a maximum at 2.45 eV (<f>R2.45</f>) becomes discernable indicating the formation of larger nanocrystals. It is shown that the blue shift of <f>R2.45</f> relative to its energy in the bulk CdS closely corresponds to the shift of bandgap, <f>Eg</f>, with crystallite size and may, therefore, be used to estimate the size of the nanocrystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vacuum is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - Cadmium sulfide
KW  - CdS
KW  - II–VI
KW  - Implantation
KW  - Nanocrystals
KW  - Reflectivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7883637; Desnica, U.V. 1; Email Address: desnica@rudjer.irb.hr Desnica-Frankovic, I.D. 1 Gamulin, O. 2 White, C.W. 3 Sonder, E. 3 Zuhr, R.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, R. Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia  2: School of Medicine, Zagreb University, Salata 3, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 67 Issue 3/4, p451; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium sulfide; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdS; Author-Supplied Keyword: II–VI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflectivity; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Energetic deposition using filtered cathodic arc plasmas
JO  - Vacuum
JF  - Vacuum
Y1  - 2002/09/26/
VL  - 67
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 673
SN  - 0042207X
AB  - Energetic film deposition techniques, film properties, and some applications are briefly reviewed. Energetic deposition can be defined as a film deposition process in which a significant fraction of particles arrives at the substrate surface with a kinetic energy greater than the bulk displacement energy. Examples of energetic deposition processes include ion-beam-assisted deposition, plasma immersion ion deposition, pulsed laser deposition, and cathodic arc deposition. This work focuses on the production, properties, and use of filtered cathodic arc plasmas. The pulsed biasing technique of metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition extends the possibilities of tuning film properties such as density, stress, adhesion, surface roughness, hardness, elastic modulus, and optical constants via the energy of film-forming ions. The difference between kinetic and total ion energy, atomic scale heating, nucleation, intermixing, subplantation, and the relaxation of compressive stress by relatively high-energy ions are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vacuum is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - PLASMA injection
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - Atomic scale heating
KW  - Energetic deposition
KW  - Film stress
KW  - Filtered cathodic arc
KW  - Metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (MePIIID)
KW  - Review
KW  - Subplantation
N1  - Accession Number: 7883672; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 53, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 67 Issue 3/4, p673; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: PLASMA injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic scale heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energetic deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Film stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filtered cathodic arc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (MePIIID); Author-Supplied Keyword: Review; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subplantation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cramer, L.P.
AU  - Langford, S.C.
AU  - Hess, W.P.
AU  - Dickinson, J.T.
T1  - Wavelength dependence of UV-laser induced emission of neutral and ionic species from single crystal NaNO3
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/09/30/
VL  - 197/198
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We report time-resolved, quadrupole mass-selected measurements of neutral and ion emission from single crystal sodium nitrate exposed to ns pulse excimer laser radiation at 157 nm (F2 excimer, 7.9 eV photons), 193 nm (ArF excimer, 6.4 eV photons) and 248 nm (KrF excimer, 5.0 eV photons). Neutral emissions, including NO, O2, N2, and Na are observed at all three wavelengths. At 193 nm, intense atomic N and O emissions are also observed, possibly due to a <F>1+1</F> excitation involving the <F>π&ast;←π</F> transition in the nitrate ion (centered at 6 eV) followed by excitation to a higher excited state. This transition is not efficiently excited at the other two wavelengths. At 248 nm, much of the emission is attributed to thermally assisted, dissociative electron/hole attachment. Although 157 nm photons do not excite the <F>π&ast;←π</F> transition efficiently, the resulting NO emission is found to be quite intense: on a per unit energy (or per photon) basis, 157 nm photons are much more efficient in decomposing nitrate anions than 193 nm photons. Intense ion emission (principally Na+ and NO+) is observed at 193 and 157 nm, with weaker Na+ emission at 248 nm. The ion intensities show high-order fluence dependence, consistent with photoelectronic emission involving sequential photon absorption as described earlier for 248 nm irradiation [J. Appl. Phys. (80) (1996) 6452]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - TIME-resolved spectroscopy
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Ion emission
KW  - Laser desorption
KW  - Photolysis
KW  - Sodium nitrate
N1  - Accession Number: 7911690; Cramer, L.P. 1; Email Address: lpcramer@wsu.edu Langford, S.C. 1 Hess, W.P. 2 Dickinson, J.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Materials Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2814, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 197/198 Issue 1-4, p35; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: TIME-resolved spectroscopy; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium nitrate; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Puretzky, Alex A.
AU  - Geohegan, David B.
AU  - Schittenhelm, Henrik
AU  - Fan, Xudong
AU  - Guillorn, Michael A.
T1  - Time-resolved diagnostics of single wall carbon nanotube synthesis by laser vaporization
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/09/30/
VL  - 197/198
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 552
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Three questions important to nanosecond laser ablation synthesis of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been addressed using in situ spectroscopic diagnostics: determining the temperature of the nanoparticles within the propagating plume at different times after ablation, monitoring the aggregation of the nanoparticles in the plume, and measuring the growth rates of the SWNTs. Short SWNTs were synthesized using nanosecond Nd:YAG-laser ablation of a C–Ni–Co target inside a high-temperature laser vaporization reactor by controlling and restricting the growth times. The time spent by the plume inside the oven was varied by positioning the target at various locations and imaging the plume using Rayleigh scattered light induced by a 308 nm XeCl laser. Statistical analysis of the short SWNT length distribution was performed using TEM images. The upper and lower limits of the growth rates of SWNTs were estimated as 0.6 and 5.1 μm/s. The particle temperature within the propagating plume was measured at different times after ablation through time-resolved measurements of the plume’s blackbody emission. The onset of SWNT growth was estimated based on the time when the particle temperature drops below the eutectic temperature for C/Co, C/Ni. For the first time, absorption spectroscopy was employed to study the aggregation of carbon nanoparticles in the propagating plume. It was shown that the aggregation rate increases rapidly at lower oven temperatures. A general picture of SWNT growth by laser ablation based on imaging, spectroscopy, and pyrometry of ejected material at different times after ablation is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Carbon nanotubes
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Spectroscopic diagnostics
N1  - Accession Number: 7911882; Puretzky, Alex A. 1; Email Address: 1ap@ornl.gov Geohegan, David B. 2 Schittenhelm, Henrik 2 Fan, Xudong 2 Guillorn, Michael A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 197/198 Issue 1-4, p552; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopic diagnostics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beck, Kenneth M.
AU  - Joly, Alan G.
AU  - Hess, Wayne P.
AU  - Gerrity, Daniel P.
AU  - Dupuis, Nicholas F.
AU  - Sushko, Peter V.
AU  - Shluger, Alexander L.
T1  - Transient center photodecomposition in potassium bromide
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/09/30/
VL  - 197/198
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 581
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We recently demonstrated that sub-band gap photoexcitation of KBr near 6.4 eV leads to desorption of hyper-thermal neutral bromine atoms without a significant thermal velocity component. In contrast, a considerable thermal velocity component is observed at higher excitation energies and is attributed to formation and subsequent diffusion of transient centers from within the bulk crystal to the surface. Excitation with a nanosecond laser at 3.5 eV also produces neutral bromine emission with a seemingly thermal velocity profile, but a near three-photon power dependence. Furthermore, the relative Br&ast; yield is greatly enhanced. We propose an explanation for these results based on formation and secondary excitation of transient defect centers in KBr by individual nanosecond pulses. Photodecomposition of newly formed transient centers leads to emission of Br and Br&ast; in a “near thermal” velocity distribution. These results are likely general for alkali halides and are consistent with a recently described theoretical model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTASSIUM bromide
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - LASER spectroscopy
KW  - Laser control
KW  - Photodecomposition
KW  - Potassium bromide
KW  - Transient center
N1  - Accession Number: 7911887; Beck, Kenneth M. 1; Email Address: kenneth.beck@pnl.gov Joly, Alan G. 1 Hess, Wayne P. 1 Gerrity, Daniel P. 2 Dupuis, Nicholas F. 3 Sushko, Peter V. 4 Shluger, Alexander L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Reed College, Portland, OR 97202, USA  3: School of Engineering and Applied Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  4: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 197/198 Issue 1-4, p581; Subject Term: POTASSIUM bromide; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: LASER spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photodecomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potassium bromide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient center; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sasaki, Takeshi
AU  - Beck, Kenneth M.
AU  - Koshizakai, Naoto
T1  - Preparation of Pt/TiO2 nanocomposite films by 2-beam pulsed laser deposition
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/09/30/
VL  - 197/198
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 619
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Pt/TiO2 nanocomposite films were prepared using 2-beam pulsed laser deposition (2B-PLD) technique, where sequential irradiation of ArF excimer laser for ionization after Nd:YAG laser for ablation of the target was utilized. The effect of the time delay of the ArF laser after the ablation laser irradiation on the structures of Pt/TiO2 nanocomposite films was studied. It was inferred from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the as-deposited films that the coordination structures around Ti atoms in the films were affected by the time delays. Single phase TiO2 in anatase form was obtained in the annealed Pt/TiO2 nanocomposite films prepared at 200–250 ns of the time delays, which suggests that the effective photoionization of the ablated species could take place by the ArF laser irradiation in this time range and affect the structure of the deposits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SEQUENTIAL analysis
KW  - RUTILE
KW  - 2-Beam pulsed laser deposition
KW  - Anatase
KW  - Nanocomposite
KW  - Rutile
KW  - Thin films
KW  - TiO2
N1  - Accession Number: 7911896; Sasaki, Takeshi 1; Email Address: takeshi.sasaki@aist.go.jp Beck, Kenneth M. 2 Koshizakai, Naoto 1; Affiliation:  1: Nanoarchitectonics Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565 Ibaraki, Japan  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 197/198 Issue 1-4, p619; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SEQUENTIAL analysis; Subject Term: RUTILE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-Beam pulsed laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anatase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocomposite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rutile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: TiO2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snyderwine, Elizabeth G.
AU  - Sinha, Rashmi
AU  - Felton, James S.
AU  - Ferguson, Lynnette R.
T1  - Highlights of the Eighth International Conference on Carcinogenic/Mutagenic N-Substituted Aryl Compounds
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/09/30/
VL  - 506/507
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00275107
AB  - Research in the 20th century initially identified arylamines as causative factors in occupational carcinogenesis, especially bladder cancer, and subsequently identified arylamines as a major class of mutagens/carcinogens in the environment and diet that are potential risk factors in a variety of human cancers. Current research focuses on understanding of mechanisms of arylamine carcinogenesis, such as the role of metabolic processing, DNA adduct formation, and mutagenesis, and learning more about the molecular alterations in carcinomas induced by these compounds. Furthermore, research to identify human exposures, including developing more sensitive methods for analyzing environmental samples and identifying suitable biomarkers are important aspects of contemporary investigations. In addition, better evaluation of the risk of these compounds in human cancer especially with regard to the impact of genetic polymorphisms is a major focus of research in this field. Although current population studies have sometimes been described as equivocal, improved tools for epidemiology, refined human biomonitoring methods and collaborative endeavors to study multiple population groups now provide a better means to ultimately define the role of arylamines in human carcinogenesis. The purpose of the Eighth International Conference on Carcinogenic/Mutagenic N-Substituted Aryl Compounds, held in Washington, DC, 12–14 November 2001, was to explore the current scope of studies on arylamine carcinogenesis among scientists in basic research and epidemiology and to discuss future research priorities. With the intent of providing a view to the current field of research on aromatic amines, this review presents a synopsis of the Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference and highlights the manuscripts contained in this special issue of Mutation Research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AROMATIC amines
KW  - CARCINOGENESIS
KW  - Aromatic amines
KW  - Biomonitoring
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Heterocyclic amines
KW  - Human exposure and risk
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Molecular alterations
KW  - Mutagenesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7882144; Snyderwine, Elizabeth G. 1; Email Address: elizabeth_snyderwine@nih.gov Sinha, Rashmi 2 Felton, James S. 3 Ferguson, Lynnette R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-4258, USA  2: Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20892, USA  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94526, USA  4: Nutrition/ACSRC, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 506/507, p1; Subject Term: AROMATIC amines; Subject Term: CARCINOGENESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aromatic amines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomonitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carcinogenesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA adducts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epidemiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic amines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human exposure and risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular alterations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutagenesis; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christian, Allen T.
AU  - Snyderwine, Elizabeth G.
AU  - Tucker, James D.
T1  - Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of PhIP-induced mammary carcinomas in rats reveals a cytogenetic signature
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/09/30/
VL  - 506/507
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
SN  - 00275107
AB  - 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), a mutagen/carcinogen belonging to the class of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) found in cooked meats, is a known rat mammary gland carcinogen. To gain insight into the genomic alterations associated with PhIP-induced carcinogenesis, we used comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to examine chromosomal abnormalities in rat mammary gland carcinomas induced by PhIP. The alterations were compared to those induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), a potent and well-studied mammary carcinogen. All six PhIP-induced carcinomas examined by CGH showed losses in the same specific regions of chromosomes 2, 3, 11, 18, and X, whereas three carcinomas induced by DMBA showed no consistent patterns of chromosomal gain or loss. This indicates that PhIP has a recognizable cytogenetic signature in rat mammary gland carcinomas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAMMARY glands -- Cancer
KW  - MUTAGENS
KW  - 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP)
KW  - 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)
KW  - Comparative genomic hybridization
KW  - Cytogenetic signature
KW  - Food mutagen
KW  - Mammary cancer
KW  - Rats
N1  - Accession Number: 7882157; Christian, Allen T. 1; Email Address: christian4@llnl.gov Snyderwine, Elizabeth G. 2 Tucker, James D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-452 Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Chemical Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 3C28, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-448 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 506/507, p113; Subject Term: MAMMARY glands -- Cancer; Subject Term: MUTAGENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP); Author-Supplied Keyword: 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Comparative genomic hybridization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytogenetic signature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food mutagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mammary cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rats; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knize, Mark G.
AU  - Kulp, Kristen S.
AU  - Salmon, Cynthia P.
AU  - Keating, Garrett A.
AU  - Felton, James S.
T1  - Factors affecting human heterocyclic amine intake and the metabolism of PhIP
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/09/30/
VL  - 506/507
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 00275107
AB  - We are working to understand possible human health effects from exposure to heterocyclic amines that are formed in meat during cooking. Laboratory-cooked beef, pork, and chicken are capable of producing tens of nanograms of MeIQx, IFP, and PhIP per gram of meat and smaller amounts of other heteroyclic amines. Well-done restaurant-cooked beef, pork, and chicken may contain PhIP and IFP at concentrations as high as tens of nanograms per gram and MeIQx at levels up to 3 ng/g. Although well-done chicken breast prepared in the laboratory may contain large amounts of PhIP, a survey of flame-grilled meat samples cooked in private homes showed PhIP levels in beef steak and chicken breast are not significantly different (<F>P=0.36</F>). The extremely high PhIP levels reported in some studies of grilled chicken are not seen in home-cooked samples.Many studies suggest individuals may have varying susceptibility to carcinogens and that diet may influence metabolism, thus affecting cancer susceptibility. To understand the human metabolism of PhIP, we examined urinary metabolites of PhIP in volunteers following a single well-done meat exposure. Using solid-phase extraction and LC/MS/MS, we quantified four major PhIP metabolites in human urine. In addition to investigating individual variation, we examined the interaction of PhIP with a potentially chemopreventive food. In a preliminary study of the effect of broccoli on PhIP metabolism, we fed chicken to six volunteers before and after eating steamed broccoli daily for 3 days. Preliminary results suggest that broccoli, which contains isothiocyanates shown to induce Phases I and II metabolism in vitro, may affect both the rate of metabolite excretion and the metabolic products of a dietary carcinogen. This newly developed methodology will allow us to assess prevention strategies that reduce the possible risks associated with PhIP exposure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINES
KW  - MUTAGENS
KW  - Food mutagen
KW  - Heterocyclic amine
KW  - IFP
KW  - MeIQx
KW  - PhIP
N1  - Accession Number: 7882162; Knize, Mark G.; Email Address: knize1@llnl.gov Kulp, Kristen S. 1 Salmon, Cynthia P. 1 Keating, Garrett A. 1 Felton, James S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, P.O. Box 808, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 506/507, p153; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: MUTAGENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food mutagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic amine; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFP; Author-Supplied Keyword: MeIQx; Author-Supplied Keyword: PhIP; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aleshin, A.N.
AU  - Kim, T.J.
AU  - Suh, D.S.
AU  - Park, Y.W.
AU  - Kang, H.
AU  - Kang, W.
T1  - The effects of pressure and magnetic field on the charge transport of heavily FeCl4− doped polyacetylene
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/09/30/
VL  - 417
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The effects of hydrostatic pressure and magnetic field on the charge transport of oriented polyacetylene (PA) films heavily doped with FeCl4− have been studied in the temperature range 0.37–300 K. It was found that application of pressure increases the room temperature conductivity and decreases the resistivity ratio ρr=ρ(0.37 K)/ρ(300 K) by ∼20–30%. At T<2 K the temperature dependence of resistivity ρ(T)∼ln T at ambient pressure and at 10 kbar. Transverse magnetoresistance (MR) at 10 kbar was found to be negative, linear and almost temperature independent at T<2 K. The observed low temperature ρ(T) and MR behavior has attributed to weak localization which accompanied by the effect of saturation of electron dephasing by two-level systems of a special type. The stronger behavior of ρ(T) and MR at T>2 K has associated with further suppression of weak localization due to more effective dephasing effect by low energy vibrational excitations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC conductors
KW  - POLYACETYLENES
KW  - FERRIC chloride
KW  - Magnetic properties
KW  - Organic conductors
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Resistivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7896197; Aleshin, A.N. 1,2; Email Address: aleshin@phya.snu.ac.kr Kim, T.J. 1 Suh, D.S. 1 Park, Y.W. 1,3 Kang, H. 4 Kang, W. 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Condensed Matter Research Institute, Seoul National University, 3 Research Link, Seoul 151-747, South Korea  2: A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  4: Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea; Source Info: Sep2002, Vol. 417 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: ORGANIC conductors; Subject Term: POLYACETYLENES; Subject Term: FERRIC chloride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Siegel, MD
AU  - Frost, F
AU  - Tollestrup, K
T1  - #62-S ecological study of bladder cancer in counties with high levels of arsenic in drinking water
JO  - Annals of Epidemiology
JF  - Annals of Epidemiology
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 512
SN  - 10472797
AB  - PURPOSE: Bladder cancer incidence and mortality in US counties were studied to determine the excess risk associated with drinking water with arsenic concentrations above the new USEPA MCL of 10 ppb.METHODS: Rural counties, where the majority of the population obtains drinking water from groundwater with high arsenic concentrations (>10 ppb), were identified from databases compiled by the EPA, state agencies and local water utilities. Age-specific bladder cancer mortality rates for the period 1982 to 1998 were obtained for these 33 ‘exposed’ counties and 105 adjacent ‘unexposed’ rural counties in 11 states. A standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for the aggregate ‘exposed’ population was calculated using reference rates from the aggregate ‘unexposed’ population and compared to SMRs calculated using national and state reference rates. SMRs were also calculated for exposed populations in individual states. Standardized Incidence Ratios (SIRs) were calculated in a similar manner for exposed counties in States included in the National Cancer Institute''s Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results cancer registry program.RESULTS: Calculated SMRs and SIRs depended on the choices of exposed and reference populations. Risk of bladder cancer mortality for white males was not elevated for the population drawn from the 33 exposed counties (SMR = 0.93; 95%CI = 0.85, 1.02) or for the exposed population drawn from Utah, irrespective of the reference population. Risks of bladder cancer incidence for exposed populations in New Mexico, however, were slightly elevated compared to unexposed reference populations drawn from adjacent counties within the state (SIR = 1.20; 95%CI = 1.13, 1.26).CONCLUSION: A small but statistically significant excess risk for bladder cancer may be attributed to exposure to arsenic at levels >10 ppb in some populations in New Mexico. Additional analyses to examine potential confounding by ethnicity and smoking prevalence are required. The results demonstrate the potential sensitivity of bladder cancer risks from arsenic exposure on a variety of factors. The study illustrates the potential limitations of ecological studies and risk assessment in US populations exposed to high levels of arsenic in drinking water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Epidemiology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLADDER cancer
KW  - ARSENIC
KW  - MORTALITY
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 7891302; Siegel, MD 1,2,3 Frost, F 1,2,3 Tollestrup, K 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: 1Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM USA  2: 2Lovelace Clinic Foundation, Albuquerque, NM USA  3: 3School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 7, p512; Subject Term: BLADDER cancer; Subject Term: ARSENIC; Subject Term: MORTALITY; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Abstract
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cardwell, Hal E.
AU  - Mata, José Ignacio
T1  - Using Municipalities in Panama As a Vehicle for Environmental Education and Communication.
JO  - Applied Environmental Education & Communication
JF  - Applied Environmental Education & Communication
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 199
SN  - 1533015X
AB  - An environmental education and communication intervention in the Panama Canal watershed focused on local government to generate awareness of environmental issues and increase the capacity of local governments to manage environmental problems. The vehicle for the intervention was a municipal environmental plan (PAM) for each municipality. The process for creating the PAMs included training, community workshops, and direct engagement of local government officials, local representatives of national-level organizations, civil society, and the private sector. Local circumstances such as feelings of community pride that resulted from the transfer of the canal to Panamanian authority were included in the design of the interventions. In addition to fomenting a local "demand" for environmental activities, the PAM process taught strategic planning techniques and built confidence in the local governments' abilities to address problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Environmental Education & Communication is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental education
KW  - Watershed ecology
KW  - Panama Canal (Panama)
KW  - Local government
KW  - Seminars
KW  - Communities
N1  - Accession Number: 12546669; Cardwell, Hal E. 1; Email Address: Henry.E.Cardwell@usace.army.mil; Mata, José Ignacio 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; 2: GreenCOM Project, Academy for Educational Development, Panama City, Panama; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p193; Thesaurus Term: Environmental education; Thesaurus Term: Watershed ecology; Subject Term: Panama Canal (Panama); Subject Term: Local government; Subject Term: Seminars; Subject Term: Communities; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kozheurov, V.P.
AU  - Zalyapin, V.I.
AU  - Shagina, N.B.
AU  - Tokareva, E.E.
AU  - Degteva, M.O.
AU  - Tolstykh, E.I.
AU  - Anspaugh, L.R.
AU  - Napier, B.A.
T1  - Evaluation of uncertainties in 90Sr-body-burdens obtained by whole-body count: application of Bayes’ rule to derive detection limits by analysis of a posteriori data
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 57
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
SN  - 09698043
AB  - A whole body counter (WBC) designed to measure bremsstrahlung from 90Y, the short-lived daughter of 90Sr, has been used since 1974 to measure 90Sr-body burdens in residents along the Techa River, which was contaminated by releases from the Mayak Production Association. Bayes’ rule has been applied to the a posteriori WBC data in order to derive the uncertainties associated with the data: The lower limit of reliable detection is 2.0 kBq and the uncertainty of routine measurements is 1.6 kBq. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - STRONTIUM isotopes
KW  - YTTRIUM isotopes
KW  - Bayes’ rule
KW  - Dose reconstruction
KW  - Strontium-90
KW  - Whole body counter
N1  - Accession Number: 7860289; Kozheurov, V.P. 1 Zalyapin, V.I. 2 Shagina, N.B. 1; Email Address: nata@urcrm.chel.su Tokareva, E.E. 1 Degteva, M.O. 1 Tolstykh, E.I. 1 Anspaugh, L.R. 3 Napier, B.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Medgorodok, 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia  2: Southern Urals State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia  3: Radiobiology Division, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 57 Issue 4, p525; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: STRONTIUM isotopes; Subject Term: YTTRIUM isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayes’ rule; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dose reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strontium-90; Author-Supplied Keyword: Whole body counter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez Jr, Miguel
AU  - Sanders, Charlene A.
AU  - Greenbaum, Elias
T1  - Biosensors for rapid monitoring of primary-source drinking water using naturally occurring photosynthesis
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 843
SN  - 09565663
AB  - Working with primary-source freshwater drinking samples from the Clinch and Tennessee Rivers, we have developed a tissue-based biosensor detection system that uses naturally occurring aquatic photosynthetic tissue as the sensing material for detection of chemical antagonists in the water. Sensor readout is based on well-known principles of fluorescence induction by living photosynthetic tissue. The Clinch River is the main source of drinking water for Oak Ridge, Tennessee, while the Tennessee River is a major source for the city of Knoxville. We have successfully detected algae in every sample that we examined and readily monitored changes in the characteristic fluorescence induction curves when the samples were exposed to potassium cyanide (KCN), methyl parathion (MPt), N′(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea (DCMU), and paraquat. The percentage decreases in photochemical yields observed in Tennessee River samples after a 24-min exposure to KCN, MPt, and DCMU were, respectively, 21.89±0.76, 3.28±0.18, and 14.77±1.81. For a site at the Clinch River, the percentage decreases were 22.78±1.63, 8.32±0.21, and 17.71±1.32 (Table 1<tbl id="tbl1" LOC="FLOAT"><no>Table 1</no>Decrease in photochemical yields of naturally occurring algae in primary-source drinking waters from the Clinch and Tennessee Rivers following exposure to toxic agents<tblbdy top-stubs="2" LEFT-STUBS="0" BOTTOM-STUBS="0" RIGHT-STUBS="0"><r><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"><top-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">Sample site</c><c cspan="3" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"><top-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">Toxic agent (Δ±prob. err. (%))a</c><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"></c><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"></c></r><r><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S"></c><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">KCN</c><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">MPt</c><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">DCMU</c></r><r><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T">Clark Center Recreation Park</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">22.78±1.63</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">8.32±0.21</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">17.71±1.32</c></r><r><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T">Melton Hill Hydroelectric Dam</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">29.85±4.17</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">7.66±0.90</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">23.45±4.77</c></r><r><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T">Oak Ridge Marina</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">25.88±0.90</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">8.58±0.27</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T">12.81±0.81</c></r><r><c CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" CA="L" RA="T"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">Tennessee River</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">21.89±0.76</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">3.28±0.18</c><c ca="D" CSPAN="1" RSPAN="1" RA="T"><bottom-border TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">14.77±1.81</c></r></tblbdy><tblfn id="tblfn1"><no>a</no>For each agent, Δ is defined as the decrease in photochemical yield following a 25-min exposure. It was computed by subtracting the value obtained for each toxic agent from its corresponding control. The entries for rows 1 and 4 correspond to the 25-min data points shown in . Similar plots (not shown) were obtained for the data in rows 2 and 3. The probable error is the computed error (the square root of the sum of the squares of the sample standard deviations of the toxin and control data) based on standard error analysis ().</tblfn></tbl>). The unique aspect of this approach to real-time water quality monitoring is that unlike conventional sensing devices, this sensor material is external to the detecting instrument and is continuously refreshed. These biosensors may be used as continuous rapid-warning sentinels for detection of chemical warfare agents in sunlight-exposed drinking water supplies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - DRINKING water
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - DCMU, N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea
KW  - ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - Fmax, maximum fluorescence following a saturating pulse of light
KW  - Fs, steady-state fluorescence in ambient or dim light
KW  - Fv, variable fluorescence
KW  - KCN, potassium cyanide
KW  - MPt, methyl parathion
KW  - PSII, photosystem II (reaction center)
N1  - Accession Number: 7876504; Rodriguez Jr, Miguel 1 Sanders, Charlene A. 1 Greenbaum, Elias 1,2; Email Address: greenbaum@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Center for Environmental Biotechnology and Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 17 Issue 10, p843; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: DRINKING water; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: DCMU, N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea; Author-Supplied Keyword: ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fmax, maximum fluorescence following a saturating pulse of light; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fs, steady-state fluorescence in ambient or dim light; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fv, variable fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: KCN, potassium cyanide; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPt, methyl parathion; Author-Supplied Keyword: PSII, photosystem II (reaction center); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chapline, George
T1  - Entangled states, holography, and quantum surfaces
JO  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
JF  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 809
SN  - 09600779
AB  - Starting with an elementary discussion of quantum holography, we show that entangled quantum states of qubits provide a “local” representation of the global geometry and topology of quantum Riemann surfaces. This representation may play an important role in both mathematics and physics. Indeed, the simplest way to represent the fundamental objects in a “theory of everything” may be as multi-qubit entangled states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos, Solitons & Fractals is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - RIEMANN surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 7795640; Chapline, George 1,2; Email Address: chapline1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NC, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p809; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: RIEMANN surfaces; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - A. Gauglitz, P.
AU  - Friedmann, F.
AU  - I. Kam, S.
AU  - R. Rossen, W.
T1  - Foam generation in homogeneous porous media
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 57
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4037
SN  - 00092509
AB  - In steady gas–liquid flow in homogeneous porous media with surfactant present, there is often observed a critical injection velocity or pressure gradient <f>∇pmin</f> at which “weak” or “coarse” foam is abruptly converted into “strong foam”, with a reduction of one to two orders of magnitude in total mobility: i.e., “foam generation”. Earlier research on foam generation is extended here with extensive data for a variety of porous media, permeabilities, gases (<f>N2</f> and <f>CO2</f>), and surfactants. For bead and sandpacks, <f>∇pmin</f> scales like <f>(1/k)</f>, where <f>k</f> is permeability, over <f>2<NU>1</NU>/2</f> orders of magnitude in <f>k</f>; for consolidated media, the relation is more complex. For dense-<f>CO2</f> foam, <f>∇pmin</f> exists but can be less than <f>23 KPa/m</f> (1 psi/ft). If pressure drop, rather than flow rates, is fixed, one observes an unstable regime between stable “strong” and “coarse” foam regimes; in the unstable regime <f>∇p</f> is nonuniform in space or variable in time. Results are interpreted in terms of the theory of foam mobilization at a critical pressure gradient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - Foam
KW  - Foam generation
KW  - Hysteresis
KW  - Packed bed
KW  - Porous media
KW  - Surfactant
N1  - Accession Number: 7894279; A. Gauglitz, P. 1 Friedmann, F. 2 I. Kam, S. 3,4 R. Rossen, W. 3; Email Address: wrossen@mail.utexas.edu; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: ChevronTexaco Petroleum Technology Co., Blgd D #2256, 6001 Bolinger Canyon, San Ramon, CA 94583-6019, USA  3: Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1061, USA  4: School of Petroleum Engineering and Management, Adelaide University, Adelaide, 5005 Australia; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 57 Issue 19, p4037; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foam generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hysteresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Packed bed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Redington, Richard L.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
T1  - <f>N2</f> pressure broadened Q branch spikes and vibration–contortion–rotation effects in the high resolution FTIR spectrum of tropolone
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 283
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 03010104
AB  - Nitrogen pressure broadening effects are observed on the high resolution (<f>0.0025 cm−1</f>) FTIR spectrum of gaseous tropolone at 298 K and 32 m of path length. Broadening observations on narrow absorption spikes contribute to understanding of the spectroscopy and dynamics of tropolone in several ways. First, they help to establish a remarkable progression of sharp peaks near <f>752 cm−1</f> as a part of the Q branch of the anharmonic <f>ν22</f> (COH torsion) fundamental. The subband spacings of about <f>0.005–0.010 cm−1</f> are too large to be determined by harmonic vibrational differences in the rotational constants alone and are attributed to vibration–contortion–rotation perturbations of the upper state (<f>ν22</f>) energy levels of this anharmonic and relatively large amplitude vibration. Second, the isolated and sharp Q branch spikes near <f>915 cm−1</f> allow first estimates to be made for effective composite pressure broadening coefficients of tropolone–<f>N2</f> collisions. The coefficients for transitions within the <f>Ncon=0</f> and <f>Ncon=1</f> contortion states differ from each other. They are relatively small due to the preponderance of high rotational states in their composition. Third, <f>N2</f> broadening effects on substructure in the Q branch doublet near <f>754 cm−1</f> help support the assignment of this doublet to tunneling structure of the <f>ν37</f> fundamental (contortion or incipient skeletal tunneling). The observed doublet components appear as perturbatively IR enhanced three and five peak fragments of weak longer progressions. The parallel spectroscopic behaviors of the perturbed anharmonic <f>ν22</f> and <f>ν37</f> vibrations differ markedly from behavior observed for the quasiharmonic vibrations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8801946; Redington, Richard L. 1; Email Address: redingtn@proton.chem.ttu.edu Sams, Robert L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 283 Issue 1/2, p135; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerstein, Alan R.
T1  - One-Dimensional Turbulence: A new approach to high-fidelity subgrid closure of turbulent flow simulations
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 148
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Consideration of the requirements for robust, high-fidelity subgrid closure of large-eddy simulations of multiphysics turbulent flows indicates the need for a spatially and temporally resolved representation of fine-scale physical and chemical processes that are coupled to fluid motion. One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT), a potentially cost-effective approach for this purpose, captures these couplings by means of a stochastic simulation implemented on a one-dimensional domain. A subgrid implementation of ODT is formulated and its potential advantages and limitations are assessed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Stochastic processes
KW  - Turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 7869463; Kerstein, Alan R. 1; Email Address: kerstein@ca.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 148 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Callender, Robert
AU  - Dyer, R. Brian
T1  - Probing protein dynamics using temperature jump relaxation spectroscopy
JO  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 628
SN  - 0959440X
AB  - There have been recent advances in initiating and perturbing chemical reactions on very fast timescales, as short as picoseconds, thus making it feasible to study a vast range of chemical kinetics problems that heretofore could not be studied. One such approach is the rapid heating of water solutions using laser excitation. Laser-induced temperature jump relaxation spectroscopy can be used to determine the dynamics of protein motion, an area largely unstudied for want of suitable experimental and theoretical probes, despite the obvious importance of dynamics to protein function. Coupled with suitable spectroscopic probes of structure, relaxation spectroscopy can follow the motion of protein atoms over an enormous time range, from picoseconds to minutes (or longer), and with substantial structural specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Structural Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - RELAXATION spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8578694; Callender, Robert 1; Email Address: call@aecom.yu.edu Dyer, R. Brian 2; Email Address: bdyer@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA  2: Bioscience Division, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p628; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: RELAXATION spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
T1  - New approaches to high-throughput phasing
JO  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 674
SN  - 0959440X
AB  - Recent progress in macromolecular phasing, in part stimulated by the high-throughput structural biology initiatives, has made this crucial stage of the elucidation of crystal structures easier and more automatic. A quick soak in various salts leads to the rapid incorporation of the anomalously scattering ions, suitable for phasing by MAD (multiwavelength anomalous dispersion), SAD (single-wavelength anomalous dispersion) or MIR (multiple isomorphous replacement) methods. The availability of stable synchrotron beam lines equipped with elaborate hardware control and sophisticated data processing programs makes it possible to collect very accurate diffraction data and to solve structures from the very weak anomalous signal of such atoms as sulfur or phosphorus, inherently present in macromolecules. The current progress in phasing, coupled with the parallel advances in protein crystallization, diffraction data collection and so on, suggests that, in the near future, the process of macromolecular crystal structure elucidation may become fully automatic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SALTS
N1  - Accession Number: 8578701; Dauter, Zbigniew 1; Email Address: dauter@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, National Cancer Institute, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 725A-X9, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p674; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SALTS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - O'Neill, Elizabeth G.
AU  - Tschaplinski, Tim J.
AU  - Weltzin, Jake F.
AU  - Hansen, Randi A.
AU  - Cheng, Weixin
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Edwards, Nelson T.
AU  - Johnson, Dale W.
T1  - NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF A CO2-ENRICHED DECIDUOUS FOREST AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR CARBON STORAGE.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1261
EP  - 1266
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study that investigates the respons of terrestrial ecosystem to a changing atmosphere in an increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. It details the method of the study that observes the net primary productivity (NPP) of a closed-canopy Liquidambar styraciflua forest stand. The result of the study indicates that carbon dioxide enrichment can increase productivity in a closed-canopy deciduous forest.
KW  - Sweetgum
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Deciduous forests
KW  - Carbon sequestration in forests
KW  - Deciduous plants
KW  - (sweetgum)
KW  - carbon allocation
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - CO2 enrichment
KW  - FACE (free-air CO2-enrichment) experiment
KW  - fine-root productivity
KW  - forest productivity
KW  - global change
KW  - heterotrophic respiration
KW  - net primary productivity
N1  - Accession Number: 112065466; Norby, Richard J. 1; Hanson, Paul J. 1; O'Neill, Elizabeth G. 1; Tschaplinski, Tim J. 1; Weltzin, Jake F. 2; Hansen, Randi A. 3; Cheng, Weixin 4; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Gunderson, Carla A. 1; Edwards, Nelson T. 1; Johnson, Dale W. 5; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA; 2: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 USA; 3: Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 USA; 4: Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064 USA; 5: Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557 USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p1261; Thesaurus Term: Sweetgum; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Deciduous forests; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration in forests; Subject Term: Deciduous plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: (sweetgum); Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE (free-air CO2-enrichment) experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: fine-root productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterotrophic respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: net primary productivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[1261:NPPOAC]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, S. M.
AU  - Hill, W. R.
AU  - Peterson, M. J.
AU  - Ryon, M. G.
AU  - Smith, J. G.
AU  - Stewart, A. J.
T1  - ASSESSING RECOVERY IN A STREAM ECOSYSTEM: APPLYING MULTIPLE CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENDPOINTS.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1510
EP  - 1527
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study that assesses the recovery dynamics in a disturbed stream undergoing remediation by determining their chemical and biological endpoints. It analyzes major trophic levels of the ecosystem along with various biological indicators of fish health. It outlines the result of the study which indicates that no single measure is adequate for assessing aquatic ecosystem recovery and the findings could be used in making decisions regarding management in disturbed systems.
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - HEALTH
KW  - Ecosystem dynamics
KW  - Ecological disturbances
KW  - Environmental remediation
KW  - Steam
KW  - Fishes
KW  - bioindicators
KW  - chemical and biological endpoints
KW  - disturbance
KW  - ecological significance
KW  - environmental stressors
KW  - mechanistic understanding
KW  - stream recovery
N1  - Accession Number: 112065454; Adams, S. M. 1; Hill, W. R. 1; Peterson, M. J. 1; Ryon, M. G. 1; Smith, J. G. 1; Stewart, A. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p1510; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: HEALTH; Thesaurus Term: Ecosystem dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Ecological disturbances; Thesaurus Term: Environmental remediation; Subject Term: Steam; Subject Term: Fishes; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioindicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical and biological endpoints; Author-Supplied Keyword: disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological significance; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental stressors; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanistic understanding; Author-Supplied Keyword: stream recovery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[1510:ARIASE]2.0.CO;2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Musameh, Mustafa
AU  - Wang, Joseph
AU  - Merkoci, Arben
AU  - Lin, Yuehe
T1  - Low-potential stable NADH detection at carbon-nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrodes
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 4
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 743
SN  - 13882481
AB  - Carbon-nanotube (CNT)-modified glassy carbon electrodes exhibiting strong and stable electrocatalytic response toward NADH are described. A substantial (490 mV) decrease in the overvoltage of the NADH oxidation reaction (compared to ordinary carbon electrodes) is observed using single-wall and multi-wall carbon-nanotube coatings, with oxidation starting at ca. −0.05 V (vs. Ag/AgCl; pH 7.4). Furthermore, the NADH amperometric response of the coated electrodes is extremely stable, with 96% and 90% of the initial activity remaining after 60 min stirring of <f>2×10−4</f> and <f>5×10−3 M</f> NADH solutions, respectively (compared to 20% and 14% at the bare surface). The CNT-coated electrodes thus allow highly sensitive, low-potential, stable amperometric sensing. Such ability of carbon nanotubes to promote the NADH electron-transfer reaction suggests great promise for dehydrogenase-based amperometric biosensors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON electrodes
KW  - ELECTROCATALYSIS
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - Carbon nanotubes
KW  - Electrocatalysis
KW  - Fouling
KW  - NADH
N1  - Accession Number: 7886082; Musameh, Mustafa 1 Wang, Joseph 1; Email Address: joewang@nmsu.edu Merkoci, Arben 1 Lin, Yuehe 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 4 Issue 10, p743; Subject Term: CARBON electrodes; Subject Term: ELECTROCATALYSIS; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrocatalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fouling; Author-Supplied Keyword: NADH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takai, Hiroyuki
AU  - Naka, Kazuhito
AU  - Okada, Vuki
AU  - Watanabe, Miho
AU  - Harada, Naoki
AU  - Saito, Shin'Ichi
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Nakanishi, Makoto
AU  - Suzuki, Hiroshi
AU  - Nagashima, Kazuo
AU  - Sawa, Hirofumi
AU  - Ikeda, Kyoji
AU  - Motoyama, Noboru
T1  - Chk2-deficient mice exhibit radioresistance and defective p53-mediated transcription.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/10//10/1/2002
VL  - 21
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5195
EP  - 5205
SN  - 02614189
AB  - The mammalian Chk2 kinase is thought to mediate ATM-dependent signaling in response to DNA damage. The physiological role of mammalian Chk2 has now been investigated by the generation of Chk2-deficient mice. Although Chk2-/- mice appeared normal, they were resistant to ionizing radiation (IR) as a result of the preservation of splenic lymphocytes. Thymocytes and neurons of the developing brain were also resistant to IR-induced apoptosis. The IR-induced G1/S cell cycle checkpoint, but not the G2/M or S phase check-points, was impaired in embryonic fibroblasts derived from Chk2-/- mice. IR-induced stabilization of p53 in Chk2-/- cells was 50-70% of that in wild-type cells. Caffeine further reduced p53 accumulation, suggesting the existence of an ATM/ATR-dependent but Chk2-independent pathway for p53 stabilization. In spite of p53 protein stabilization and phosphorylation of Ser23, p53-dependent transcriptional induction of target genes, such as p21 and Noxa, was not observed in Chk2-/- cells. Our results show that Chk2 plays a critical role in p53 function in response to IR by regulating its transcriptional activity as well as its stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)
KW  - cell cycle checkpoint
KW  - phosphorylation
KW  - transcriptional activation
N1  - Accession Number: 12956134; Takai, Hiroyuki 1,2 Naka, Kazuhito 1 Okada, Vuki 3,4 Watanabe, Miho 5 Harada, Naoki 5 Saito, Shin'Ichi 6,7 Anderson, Carl W. 8 Appella, Ettore 6 Nakanishi, Makoto 9 Suzuki, Hiroshi 5 Nagashima, Kazuo 3,4 Sawa, Hirofumi 3,4 Ikeda, Kyoji 1 Motoyama, Noboru 1; Email Address: motoyama@nils.go.jp; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geriatric Research, National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS), Obu, Aichi 474-8522, Japan.  2: Laboratory of Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.  3: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.  4: CREST, JST, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.  5: Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Gotennba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan.  6: Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.  7: Gene Response Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.  8: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  9: Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.; Source Info: 10/1/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 19, p5195; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: LYMPHOCYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM); Author-Supplied Keyword: cell cycle checkpoint; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcriptional activation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdf506
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadam, K.L.
T1  - Environmental implications of power generation via coal-microalgae cofiring
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 27
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 905
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Electrical power plants are responsible for over one-third of the US emissions, or about 1.7 Gt CO2 per year. Power-plant flue gas can serve as a source of CO2 for microalgae cultivation, and the algae can be cofired with coal. The study objective was to conduct a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to compare the environmental impacts of electricity production via coal firing versus coal/algae cofiring. The LCA results demonstrate that there are potentially significant benefits to recycling CO2 toward microalgae production. As it reduces CO2 emissions by recycling it and uses less coal, there are concomitant benefits of reduced greenhouse gas emissions. However, there are also other energy and fertilizer inputs needed for algae production, which contribute to key environmental flows. Lower net values for the algae cofiring scenario were observed for the following using the direct injection process (in which the flue gas is directly transported to the algae ponds): SOx, NOx, particulates, carbon dioxide, methane, and fossil energy consumption. Lower values for the algae cofiring scenario were also observed for greenhouse potential and air acidification potential. However, impact assessment for depletion of natural resources and eutrophication potential showed much higher values. This LCA gives us an overall picture and impacts across different environmental boundaries, and hence, can help in the decision-making process for implementation of the algae scenario. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power plants
KW  - FLUE gases
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 7864152; Kadam, K.L. 1; Email Address: kiran_kadam@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 27 Issue 10, p905; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power plants; Subject Term: FLUE gases; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ehrlich, Charles
AU  - Papamichael, Konstantinos
AU  - Lai, Judy
AU  - Revzan, Kenneth
T1  - A method for simulating the performance of photosensor-based lighting controls
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 883
SN  - 03787788
AB  - The unreliability of photosensor-based lighting controls continues to be a significant market barrier that prevents widespread acceptance of daylight dimming controls in commercial buildings. Energy savings from the use of daylighting in commercial buildings is best realized through the installation of reliable photoelectric lighting controls that dim electric lights when sufficient daylight is available to provide adequate background and/or task illumination. In prior work, the authors discussed the limitations of current simulation approaches and presented a robust method to simulate the performance of photosensor-based controls using an enhanced version of the radiance lighting simulation package. The method is based on the concept of multiplying two fisheye images: one generated from the angular sensitivity of the photosensor and the other from a 180 or 360° fisheye image of the space as “seen” by the photosensor. This paper includes a description of the method, its validation and possible applications for designing, placing, calibrating and commissioning photosensor-based lighting controls. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Daylighting
KW  - Computer aided design
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Global illumination
KW  - Lighting controls
KW  - Photosensors
KW  - Ray-tracing
KW  - Rendering
N1  - Accession Number: 7884207; Ehrlich, Charles; Email Address: ehrlich@h-m-g.com; Papamichael, Konstantinos 1; Lai, Judy 1; Revzan, Kenneth 1; Affiliations: 1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building Technologies Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 34 Issue 9, p883; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject Term: Daylighting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer aided design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global illumination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lighting controls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ray-tracing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rendering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karola, Antti
AU  - Lahtela, Hannu
AU  - Hänninen, Reijo
AU  - Hitchcock, Rob
AU  - Chen, Qingyan
AU  - Dajka, Stephen
AU  - Hagström, Kim
T1  - BSPro COM-Server—interoperability between software tools using industrial foundation classes
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
SN  - 03787788
AB  - The continuing development of the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) standard by the International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI) creates new possibilities for achieving interoperability for design software through the use of a common object model of the building and its open data transfer standard. Several architectural CAD tools are already IFC-compliant. However, in-depth knowledge of the highly complex IFC object model is required to develop IFC-compliant software. It has proven quite difficult to read the huge amount of building data stored in an IFC file, extract the information needed by a particular application, and correctly update the IFC file with new data. To make this work easier for developers not familiar with the IFC, Olof Granlund Oy has developed a new development tool, BSPro COM-Server for IFC Files. Using this tool, a software developer of new or existing tools can achieve IFC compatibility with a quite reasonable amount of work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Architectural models
KW  - BSPro COM-Server
KW  - IAI
KW  - IFC-compliant software
N1  - Accession Number: 7884209; Karola, Antti 1; Email Address: antti.karola@granlund.fi; Lahtela, Hannu 1; Hänninen, Reijo 1; Hitchcock, Rob 2; Chen, Qingyan 3; Dajka, Stephen 4; Hagström, Kim 5; Affiliations: 1: Olof Granlund Oy, P.O. Box 59, Helsinki 00701, Finland; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; 3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; 4: AEA Technology, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 5Z4; 5: Halton Group, Kausala, Finland; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 34 Issue 9, p901; Subject Term: Computer software; Subject Term: Architectural models; Author-Supplied Keyword: BSPro COM-Server; Author-Supplied Keyword: IAI; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFC-compliant software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neymark, J.
AU  - Judkoff, R.
AU  - Knabe, G.
AU  - Le, H.-T.
AU  - Dürig, M.
AU  - Glass, A.
AU  - Zweifel, G.
T1  - Applying the building energy simulation test (BESTEST) diagnostic method to verification of space conditioning equipment models used in whole-building energy simulation programs
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
SN  - 03787788
AB  - Validation of building energy simulation programs consists of a combination of empirical validation, analytical verification, and comparative analysis techniques. An analytical verification and comparative diagnostic procedure was developed to test the ability of whole-building simulation programs to model the performance of unitary space-cooling equipment that is typically modeled using manufacturer design data presented as empirically derived performance maps. This procedure is based on the International Energy Agency (IEA) building energy simulation test (BESTEST) diagnostic method and systematically tests whole-building energy simulation software by comparing results from such software to analytical solutions that were developed for the test cases. Field trials of the new procedure were conducted by researchers from nations participating in the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling (SHC) Programme Task 22, using a number of detailed hourly simulation programs from Europe and the US, including: CA-SIS, CLIM2000, ENERGYPLUS, PROMETHEUS, TRNSYS-TUD, and two versions of DOE-2.1E. This article also includes discussion about simulation validation methodologies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Architecture & energy conservation
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Air conditioning
KW  - BESTEST
KW  - Building energy
KW  - HVAC
KW  - Model validation
KW  - Model verification
KW  - Simulation programs
N1  - Accession Number: 7884211; Neymark, J. 1; Email Address: neymarkj@msn.com; Judkoff, R. 2; Knabe, G. 3; Le, H.-T. 3; Dürig, M. 4; Glass, A. 5; Zweifel, G. 5; Affiliations: 1: J. Neymark & Associates, 2140 Ellis Street, 80401 Colorado, CO, USA; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA; 3: Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany; 4: Hans Durig AG, Riggisberg, Switzerland; 5: University of Applied Sciences of Central Switzerland, Horw-lucerna, Switzerland; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 34 Issue 9, p917; Thesaurus Term: Architecture & energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Thesaurus Term: Air conditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: BESTEST; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: HVAC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fang, Z.
AU  - Ingber, M.S.
AU  - Martinez, M.J.
T1  - The solution of magnetostatic BEM systems of equations using iterative methods
JO  - Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements
JF  - Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 26
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 789
SN  - 09557997
AB  - A boundary element method for the solution of magnetostatics problems is developed. For large problems when using a direct linear equation solver such as LU decomposition, the decomposition phase of the algorithm comprises the predominant portion of the overall CPU time. A variety of indirect linear equation solvers are considered as a means of significantly reducing the CPU usage. Because of the excellent conditioning of the discretized linear systems, the number of iterations required of the indirect solvers to reach a prescribed residual is quite low and remains relatively constant with refined discretizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - Boundary element method
KW  - Indirect equation solvers
KW  - Magnetostatics
N1  - Accession Number: 7867978; Fang, Z. 1 Ingber, M.S. 2 Martinez, M.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. Mail Code 210-41, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Mexico, AlbuquerqueUSA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Department of Multiphase Transport Processes, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p789; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boundary element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indirect equation solvers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetostatics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuhne, Wendy W.
AU  - Caldwell, Colleen A.
AU  - Gould, William R.
AU  - Fresquez, Philip R.
AU  - Finger, Susan
T1  - EFFECTS OF DEPLETED URANIUM ON THE HEALTH AND SURVIVAL OF CERIODAPHNIA DUBIA AND HYALELLA AZTECA.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 21
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2198
EP  - 2203
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Depleted uranium (DU) has been used as a substitute for the fissionable enriched uranium component of atomic weapons tested at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) (Los Alamos, NM, USA) since the early 1950s, resulting in considerable concentrations of DU in the soils within the test sites. Although the movement of DU into major aquatic systems has been shown to be minimal, there are many small-order ephemeral streams and areas of standing water in canyons throughout LANL that may be affected by inputs of DU via runoff, erosion, and leaching. Ninety-six-hour acute and 7-d chronic toxicity assays were conducted to measure the toxicity of DU on survival and reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia. A 14-d water-only assay was conducted to measure survival and growth of Hyalella azteca. The estimated median lethal concentration (LC50) to produce 50% mortality of the test population for the 96-h Ceriodaphnia dubia assay was 10.50 mg/L. Reproductive effects occurred at a lowest-observableeffect concentration >3.91 mg/L with a no-observable-effect concentration of 1.97 mg/L. The estimated 14-d LC50 for the Hyalella azteca assay was 1.52 mg/L. No significant relationship was detected between growth and DU concentrations. Concentrations at which toxicity effects were observed in this study for both invertebrates exceeded concentrations of total uranium observed in runoff from LANL lands. Thus, it is likely that current runoff levels of uranium do not pose a threat to these types of aquatic invertebrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEPLETED uranium
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - WATER pollution
KW  - AQUATIC animals
KW  - HYALELLA
KW  - HYALELLIDAE
KW  - ALAMOS (Mexico)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - Aquatic toxicity
KW  - Ceriodaphnia dubia
KW  - Depleted uranium
KW  - Hyalella azteca
KW  - Radionuclides
N1  - Accession Number: 20839899; Kuhne, Wendy W. 1; Email Address: wkuhne@lamar.colostate.edu Caldwell, Colleen A. 1 Gould, William R. 2 Fresquez, Philip R. 3 Finger, Susan 4; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Geological Survey, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30003, MSC 4901, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003-8001  2: New Mexico State University, University Statistics Center, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003-8001, USA  3: Environment, Safety, and Health Division, Ecology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  4: U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri 65201; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 21 Issue 10, p2198; Subject Term: DEPLETED uranium; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: WATER pollution; Subject Term: AQUATIC animals; Subject Term: HYALELLA; Subject Term: HYALELLIDAE; Subject Term: ALAMOS (Mexico); Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aquatic toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceriodaphnia dubia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depleted uranium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyalella azteca; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclides; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, G.A.
AU  - Finfrock, C.C.
T1  - Generation, transport, and deposition of tungsten-oxide aerosols at 1000 <f>°</f>C in flowing air/steam mixtures
JO  - Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science
JF  - Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 26
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
SN  - 08941777
AB  - Experiments were conducted to measure the rates of oxidation and vaporization of tungsten in flowing air, steam, and air/steam mixtures in laminar flow. Also measured were the downstream transport of tungsten-oxide condensation aerosols and their region of deposition, including plateout in the superheated flow tube, rainout in the condenser, and ambient discharge that was collected on an array of sub-micron aerosol filters. The nominal conditions of the tests, with the exception of the first two tests, were tungsten temperatures of 1000 <f>°</f>C, gas mixture temperatures of 200 <f>°</f>C, and boundary temperatures of 150–200 <f>°</f>C. It was observed that the tungsten oxidation rates were greatest in all air and least in all steam, and generally decreased non-linearly as the steam mole fraction increased. The tungsten oxidation rates in all air were more than five times greater than the tungsten oxidation rates in all steam. The tungsten vaporization rate was zero in all air, and increased with increasing steam mole fraction. The vaporization rate became maximum at a steam mole fraction of 0.85 and decreased thereafter as the steam mole fraction was increased to unity. The tungsten-oxide was transported downstream as condensation aerosols, initially flowing upwards from the tungsten rod through an 18-in. long, 1-in. OD quartz tube, around a 90<f>°</f> bend with a 3.5-in. radius, and laterally through a 24-in. horizontal run. The entire length of the quartz glass flow path was heated by electrical resistance clamshell heaters whose temperatures were individually controlled and monitored. The tungsten-oxide plateout in the quartz tube was collected, nearly all of which was deposited at the end of the heated zone near the entrance to the steam condenser that was cold. The tungsten-oxide that rained out in the condenser as the steam condensed was collected with the condensate and weighed after being dried. The aerosol smoke that escaped the condenser was collected on the sub-micron filter assemblies. There was no aerosol generation for the case of all air, so the plateout, condensate, and smoke were all zero. For the case of all steam, there was very little plateout in the superheated regions; almost all of the aerosol was collected in the condensate from the condenser and there was no smoke discharge into the filters. For the experiments with intermediate air/steam fractions, there was some aerosol plateout, considerable aerosol in the condensate, and aerosol smoke discharged from the condenser with the escaping air. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Condensation
KW  - Deposition
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Plateout
KW  - Tungsten
KW  - Vaporization
N1  - Accession Number: 7884920; Greene, G.A.; Email Address: greene@bnl.gov Finfrock, C.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 26 Issue 8, p917; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plateout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vaporization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, D.
AU  - Van Sciver, S.W.
T1  - Tracer particle generation in superfluid helium through cryogenic liquid injection for particle image velocimetry (PIV) applications
JO  - Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science
JF  - Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 26
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 971
SN  - 08941777
AB  - This paper reports the first experimental study of liquid neon injection into superfluid helium (He II) through a plain orifice atomizer to explore different means of introducing micron-size tracer particles into a He II bath for particle image velocimetry (PIV) applications. The obtained results verify that the direct injection of liquid neon into He II introduces seed particles into the He II bath. It is also demonstrated that the particle sizes can be controlled by changing the pressure above the injected liquid. Additionally, the size distribution of the particles is calculated from the PIV results through the use of the correlations to the standard drag curve. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - ATOMIZERS
KW  - Flow visualization
KW  - He II
KW  - Injection
KW  - Particle image velocimetry
KW  - Superfluid helium
N1  - Accession Number: 7884926; Celik, D.; Email Address: dcelik@magnet.fsu.edu Van Sciver, S.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 26 Issue 8, p971; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Subject Term: ATOMIZERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: He II; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle image velocimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superfluid helium; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sims, K.W.W.
AU  - Goldstein, S.J.
AU  - Blichert-toft, J.
AU  - Perfit, M.R.
AU  - Kelemen, P.
AU  - Fornari, D.J.
AU  - Michael, P.
AU  - Murrell, M.T.
AU  - Hart, S.R.
AU  - DePaolo, D.J.
AU  - Layne, G.
AU  - Ball, L.
AU  - Jull, M.
AU  - Bender, J.
T1  - Chemical and isotopic constraints on the generation and transport of magma beneath the East Pacific Rise
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 66
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3481
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Interpretation of U-series disequilibria in midocean ridge basalts is highly dependent on the bulk partition coefficients for U and Th and therefore the mineralogy of the mantle source. Distinguishing between the effect of melting processes and variable source compositions on measured disequilibria (238U-230Th-226Ra and 235U-231Pa) requires measurement of the radiogenic isotopes Hf, Nd, Sr, and Pb. Here, we report measurements of 238U-230Th-226Ra and 235U-231Pa disequilibria; Hf, Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic; and major and trace element compositions for a suite of 20 young midocean ridge basalts from the East Pacific Rise axis between 9°28′ and 9°52′N. All of the samples were collected within the axial summit trough using the submersible Alvin. The geological setting and observational data collected during sampling operations indicate that all the rocks are likely to have been erupted from 1991 to 1992 or within a few decades of that time. In these samples, 230Th excesses and 226Ra excesses are variable and inversely correlated. Because the eruption ages of the samples are much less than the half-life of 226Ra, this inverse correlation between 230Th and 226Ra excesses can be considered a primary feature of these lavas. For the lava suite analyzed in this study, 226Ra and 230Th excesses also vary with lava composition: 226Ra excesses are negatively correlated with Na8 and La/Yb and positively correlated with Mg#. Conversely, 230Th excesses are positively correlated with Na8 and La/Yb and negatively correlated with Mg#. Th/U, 230Th/232Th, and 230Th excesses are also variable and correlated to one another. 231Pa excesses are large but relatively constant and independent of Mg#, La/Yb, Th/U, and Na8. The isotope ratios 143Nd/144Nd, 176Hf/177Hf, 87Sr/86Sr, and 208Pb/206Pb are constant within analytical uncertainty, indicating that they were derived from a common source. The source is homogeneous with respect to parent/daughter ratios Lu/Hf, Sm/Nd, Rb/Sr, and Th/U; therefore, the measured variations of Th/U, 230Th, and 226Ra excesses and major and trace element compositions in these samples are best explained by polybaric melting of a homogeneous source, not by mixing of compositionally distinct sources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - BASALT
N1  - Accession Number: 7883385; Sims, K.W.W. 1,2 Goldstein, S.J. 2; Email Address: ksims@whoi.edu Blichert-toft, J. 3 Perfit, M.R. 4 Kelemen, P. 1 Fornari, D.J. 1 Michael, P. 5 Murrell, M.T. 2 Hart, S.R. 1 DePaolo, D.J. 6 Layne, G. 1 Ball, L. Jull, M. 1 Bender, J. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Ecole Normale Superiour, Lyon, France  4: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-2120, USA  5: Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA  6: Berkeley Center for Isotope Geochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  7: Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 66 Issue 19, p3481; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: BASALT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wesolowski, David J.
T1  - Erratum to David J. Wesolowski (1992), Aluminum speciation and equilibria in aqueous solution: I. the solubility of gibbsite in the system Na-K-Cl-OH-Al(OH)4 from 0 to 100°C, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta <B>56</B>, 1065–1091.
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 66
IS  - 19
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 3519
SN  - 00167037
N1  - Accession Number: 7883387; Wesolowski, David J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory,P.O. Box 2008,Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 66 Issue 19, p3519; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torn, Margaret S.
AU  - Lapenis, Andrei G.
AU  - Timofeev, Anatoly
AU  - Fischer, Marc L.
AU  - Babikov, Boris V.
AU  - Harden, Jennifer W.
T1  - Organic carbon and carbon isotopes in modern and 100-year-old-soil archives of the Russian steppe.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 8
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 941
EP  - 953
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract Archived soils can provide valuable information about changes in the carbon and carbon isotope content of soils during the past century. We characterized soil carbon dynamics in a Russian steppe preserve using a 100-year-old-soil archive and modern samples collected from the same site. The site has been protected since 1885 to the present, during which time the region has experienced widespread conversion to cultivation, a decrease in fire frequency, and a trend of increasing precipitation. In the preserve, the amount of organic carbon did not change appreciably between the 1900 and 1997 sampling dates, with 32 kg C/m2 in the top meter and a third of that in the top 20 cm. Carbon and nitrogen stocks varied by less than 6% between two replicate modern soil pits or between the modern sites and the archive. Radiocarbon content decreased with depth in all sites and the modern SOM had positive Δ values near the surface due to nuclear weapons testing in the early 1960s. In the upper 10 cm, most of the SOM had a turnover time of 6–10 years, according to a model fit to the radiocarbon content. Below about 10 cm, the organic matter was almost all passive material with long (millennial) turnover times. Soil respiration Δ14 CO2 on a summer day was 106–109‰, an isotopic disequilibrium of about 9‰ relative to atmospheric 14 CO2 . In both the modern and archive soil, the relative abundance of 13 C in organic matter increased with depth by 2‰ in the upper meter from δ13 C = --26‰ at 5 cm to --24‰ below a meter. In addition, the slope of δ13 C vs. depth below 5 cm was the same for both soils. Given the age of the soil archive, these results give clear evidence that the depth gradients are not due to depletion of atmospheric 13 CO2 by fossil fuel emissions but must instead be caused by... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEPPE soils
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - grassland
KW  - land use
KW  - organic matter
KW  - prairie
KW  - sequestration
N1  - Accession Number: 7295778; Torn, Margaret S. 1 Lapenis, Andrei G. 2 Timofeev, Anatoly 3 Fischer, Marc L. 1 Babikov, Boris V. 3 Harden, Jennifer W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,  2: Department of Geography and Planning, University at Albany, NY 12222, USA,  3: Academy of Forestry, St. Petersburg, Russia,  4: United States Geologic Survey, Menlo Park, CA, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 8 Issue 10, p941; Subject Term: STEPPE soils; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: grassland; Author-Supplied Keyword: land use; Author-Supplied Keyword: organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: prairie; Author-Supplied Keyword: sequestration; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00477.x
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenzweig, Cynthia
AU  - Tubiello, Francesco N.
AU  - Goldberg, Richard
AU  - Mills, Evan
AU  - Bloomfield, Janine
T1  - Increased crop damage in the US from excess precipitation under climate change
JO  - Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions
JF  - Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 09593780
AB  - Recent flooding and heavy precipitation events in the US and worldwide have caused great damage to crop production. If the frequency of these weather extremes were to increase in the near future, as recent trends for the US indicate and as projected by global climate models (e.g., US National Assessment, Overview Report, 2001, The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change, National Assesment Synthesis Team, US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC; Houghton et al., 2001, IPCC Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 335pp.), the cost of crop losses in the coming decades could rise dramatically. Yet current assessments of the impacts of climate change on agriculture have not quantified the negative effects on crop production from increased heavy precipitation and flooding (Impacts of climate change and variability on agriculture, in: US National Assessment Foundation Document, 2001. National Assessment Synthesis Team, US Global Change Research Program, Washington DC.). In this work, we modify a dynamic crop model in order to simulate one important effect of heavy precipitation on crop growth, plant damage from excess soil moisture. We compute that US corn production losses due to this factor, already significant under current climate, may double during the next thirty years, causing additional damages totaling an estimated $3 billion per year. These costs may either be borne directly by those impacted or transferred to private or governmental insurance and disaster relief programs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global Environmental Change Part A: Human & Policy Dimensions is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Effect of drought on crops
KW  - United States
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Crop damage
KW  - Extreme events
KW  - Insurance
KW  - Maize production
KW  - Precipitation
N1  - Accession Number: 7889557; Rosenzweig, Cynthia 1,2; Tubiello, Francesco N. 2; Email Address: franci@giss.nasa.gov; Goldberg, Richard 2; Mills, Evan 3; Bloomfield, Janine 4; Affiliations: 1: NASA-Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA; 2: GISS at Columbia University, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA; 3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4: Environmental Defense, 18 Tremont Street, Suite 850, Boston, MA 02108, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p197; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Effect of drought on crops; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Agriculture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crop damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extreme events; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insurance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maize production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MERCADO, GEMA A.
AU  - LUCE, BENJAMIN P.
AU  - XIN, JACK
T1  - Modelling thermal front dynamics in microwave heating.
JO  - IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics
JF  - IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 439
SN  - 02724960
AB  - The formation and propagation of thermal fronts in a cylindrical medium that is undergoing microwave heating is studied in detail. The model consists of Maxwell's wave equation coupled to a temperature diffusion equation containing a bistable nonlinear term. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - MICROWAVE heating
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - ELECTRIC heating
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - front dynamics
KW  - Maxwell's wave
KW  - microwave heating
KW  - thermal fronts
N1  - Accession Number: 44546030; MERCADO, GEMA A. 1,2; Email Address: gema@mate.reduaz.mx LUCE, BENJAMIN P. 3; Email Address: luceb@lanl.gov XIN, JACK 4; Email Address: jxin@math.utexas.edu; Affiliation:  1: School of Mathematics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.  2: Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Zac. 98068, México.  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  4: Department of Mathematics and TICAM, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p419; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: MICROWAVE heating; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Subject Term: ELECTRIC heating; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: front dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maxwell's wave; Author-Supplied Keyword: microwave heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal fronts; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biringer, Kent L.
T1  - Security Agreements and Confidence Building for India: Past, Present, and Future.
JO  - India Review
JF  - India Review
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 90
PB  - Routledge
SN  - 14736489
AB  - Offers a look at a variety of issues associated with security agreements and confidence building in India.  Principles of cooperative engagement; Examples of security treaties and agreements for India; Political issues relevant to security agreements.
KW  - INTERNATIONAL obligations
KW  - INTERNATIONAL relations
KW  - TREATIES
KW  - INTERNATIONAL cooperation
KW  - INDIA
N1  - Accession Number: 11418581; Biringer, Kent L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Member of the Technical Staff, Cooperative Monitoring Center, Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p57; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL obligations; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL relations; Subject Term: TREATIES; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL cooperation; Subject Term: INDIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928120 International Affairs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911410 Foreign affairs; Number of Pages: 34p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yen, David H.Y.
AU  - Beck, James V.
AU  - McMasters, Robert L.
AU  - Amos, Donald E.
T1  - Solution of an initial-boundary value problem for heat conduction in a parallelepiped by time partitioning
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4267
SN  - 00179310
AB  - An initial-boundary value problem for transient heat conduction in a rectangular parallelepiped is studied. Solutions for the temperature and heat flux are represented as integrals involving the Green''s function (GF), the initial and boundary data, and volumetric energy generation. Use of the usual GF obtained by separation of variables leads to slowly convergent series. To circumvent this difficulty, the dummy time interval of integration is partitioned into a short time and a long time subintervals where the GFs are approximated by their small and large time representations. This paper deals with the analysis and implementation of this time partitioning method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - GREEN'S functions
N1  - Accession Number: 7837277; Yen, David H.Y. 1 Beck, James V. 2 McMasters, Robert L. 3; Email Address: mcmaste7@msu.edu Amos, Donald E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  4: Sandia National Laboratories (Retired), Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 45 Issue 21, p4267; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lutz, Andrew E.
AU  - Larson, Richard S.
AU  - Keller, Jay O.
T1  - Thermodynamic comparison of fuel cells to the Carnot cycle
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 27
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1103
SN  - 03603199
AB  - This paper compares the theoretical maximum efficiency of a fuel cell to the efficiency of a Carnot cycle driven by the same net reaction. The comparison dispels the misconception that an ideal fuel cell is potentially more efficient than an ideal heat engine. The paper presents expressions for the thermal efficiencies of an ideal fuel cell and a Carnot heat engine. To show that the maximum efficiency is the same, the analysis of the Carnot cycle is modified to consider an engine driven by a combustion reaction. The derivation invokes the approximations that the enthalpy and entropy changes for the reaction are independent of temperature; these approximations are justified by the hydrogen-oxidation reaction.The analysis extends that presented by Appleby and Foulkes (Fuel Cell Handbook, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York 1989) by showing that with proper accounting for heat addition, the maximum efficiency of a fuel cell is 100%—not larger—for reactions with a positive entropy change. In addition, this paper explains the difference between the combustion temperature, at which an idealized Carnot cycle would operate, and the adiabatic flame temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Carnot cycle
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Fuel cells
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 7829424; Lutz, Andrew E.; Email Address: aelutz@sandia.gov Larson, Richard S. 1 Keller, Jay O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS-9053, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 27 Issue 10, p1103; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carnot cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carrié, François Rémi
AU  - Modera, Mark P.
T1  - Experimental investigation of aerosol deposition on slot- and joint-type leaks
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1447
SN  - 00218502
AB  - This paper deals with the quantification of the sealing effectiveness of slot- and joint-type leaks by aerosol deposits. A sticky aerosol (MMAD <f>&ap;4.9 μm</f>; GSD <f>&ap;2.7</f>) was injected into a duct and blown out through machined slot- and joint-type leaks located on the duct wall. For both leak-types, the crack exit was a rectangular opening of <f>1.7×50 mm</f>. The pressure difference across the leaks was kept constant during the plugging process, while the airflow rate through the openings was continuously monitored. The deposition patterns were recorded and the average deposition efficiencies were obtained through the measurement of the particle mass collected in the crack. Instantaneous sealing rates were obtained from the leakage airflow time series. The normalized sealing rate (NSR) introduced in this paper allows one to compare the instantaneous sealing efficiencies as the leaks are subjected to various boundary conditions. For our specific leak geometries and boundary conditions, the three key results of these experiments are: (a) inertial impaction near the entry point is the major cause of the decline of the leakage flow rate for either type of leak; (b) the pressure variations in the 100–<f>400 Pa</f> range do not have a significant effect on the average deposition efficiency; (c) the average deposition efficiency of the slot- and joint-type leaks used are in the range of 25% and 85%, respectively. We also observed that there exists a critical joint-leak size below which the NSR decreases significantly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 7894769; Carrié, François Rémi 1; Email Address: remi.carrie@equipement.gouv.fr Modera, Mark P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'Etat, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Habitat, DGCB, URA CNRS 1652, rue Maurice Audin, F-69518 Vaulx-en-Velin Cedex, France  2: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, University of California, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90-3074, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 33 Issue 10, p1447; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reda, Ibrahim
AU  - Hickey, John R.
AU  - Stoffel, Tom
AU  - Myers, Daryl
T1  - Pyrgeometer calibration at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 64
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 1623
SN  - 13646826
AB  - Pyrgeometers are used to measure longwave terrestrial radiation. Regular pyrgeometer calibration against an internationally recognized standard is required in order to measure the longwave radiation consistently at different sites around the globe. At present, there is no internationally recognized standard to calibrate pyrgeometers. A well-characterized blackbody is, however, an accepted approach. This paper describes a method of establishing a precise blackbody reference and using it to calibrate a group of four transfer reference pyrgeometers. The group is then deployed outdoors to evaluate the precision of the blackbody calibration. The results from the outdoor data shows that the percentage mean-square-error of each transfer reference pyrgeometer is 0.12%, 0.07%, 0.46%, and 0.10% with a resultant percentage root-mean-square of 0.43%. The errors are calculated with respect to the average of the irradiance readings of the transfer reference pyrgeometers. To minimize the number of transfer reference pyrgeometers and to allow more space for calibrating test pyrgeometers, a sub-set of the transfer reference pyrgeometers is then used to calibrate a test pyrgeometer outdoors. The calibration of the test pyrgeometer resulted in reducing its error from <f>+4.00%</f> to <f>±0.32%</f> with respect to the irradiance measured by the sub-set of the transfer reference pyrgeometers. The outdoor calibration method can minimize the calibration cost resulting from using the lengthy and costly blackbody calibration because many pyrgeometers can be calibrated at the same time.Appendix A shows a diagram that describes the paper''s concept. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TERRESTRIAL radiation
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - Blackbody
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Longwave
KW  - Outdoor
KW  - Pyrgeometer
KW  - Terrestrial
N1  - Accession Number: 7856922; Reda, Ibrahim; Email Address: ibrahim_reda@nrel.gov Hickey, John R. 1 Stoffel, Tom 1 Myers, Daryl 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden CO, 80401, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 64 Issue 15, p1623; Subject Term: TERRESTRIAL radiation; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blackbody; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Longwave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Outdoor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrgeometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terrestrial; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brooks, Scott C.
AU  - Carroll, Sue L.
T1  - pH-Dependent fate and transport of NTA-complexed cobalt through undisturbed cores of fractured shale saprolite
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The codisposal of toxic metals and radionuclides with organic chelating agents has been implicated in the facilitated transport of the inorganic contaminants away from primary waste disposal areas. We investigated the transport of CoIINTA through undisturbed cores of fractured shale saprolite. Experiments were conducted across the pH range 4 to 8 by collecting cores from different locations within the weathering profile. Aqueous complexation, adsorption, dissociation and oxidation reactions influenced CoIINTA transport. The suite of reaction products identified in column effluent varied with experimental pH. At low pH and in the presence of abundant exchangeable aluminum, Co transport occurred predominantly as the Co2+ ion. At higher pH, Co was transported primarily as CoIINTA and the Co(III) species CoIII(HNTA)2 and CoIII(IDA)2. The formation of the geochemical oxidation products (Co(III) species) has far reaching implications as these compounds are kinetically and thermodynamically stable, are transported more rapidly than CoIINTA, and are resistant to biodegradation. These results demonstrate that natural minerals, in the physical structure encountered naturally, can be more important in the formation of mobile, stable contaminant forms than they can be for the retardation and dissociation of the contaminants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Waste disposal sites
KW  - Saprolites
KW  - Chelation
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Ligands
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Solute transport
N1  - Accession Number: 7876767; Brooks, Scott C.; Email Address: brookssc@ornl.gov; Carroll, Sue L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 58 Issue 3/4, p191; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Waste disposal sites; Subject Term: Saprolites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chelation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ligands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solute transport; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Hussain, Z.
AU  - Johnson, P.D.
AU  - Kevan, S.D.
AU  - Sinkovic, B.
T1  - Foreword
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
SN  - 03682048
N1  - Accession Number: 8564627; Hussain, Z.; Email Address: zhussain@lbl.gov Johnson, P.D. 1 Kevan, S.D. 1 Sinkovic, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source Division, One Cyclotron Road, MS 2-400, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 126 Issue 1-3, p1; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Peter D.
T1  - Photemission and the influence of collective excitations
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 03682048
AB  - The development of new capabilities in high resolution photoemission is allowing detailed studies of the role of collective many-body excitations in the decay of a photohole. This in turn provides new insights into the physics of condensed matter systems, in particular the strongly-correlated systems, which exhibit a rich variety of exotic phenomena including high Tc superconductivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Collective excitations
KW  - Photoemission
KW  - Self Energy
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8564637; Johnson, Peter D. 1; Email Address: pdj@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 126 Issue 1-3, p133; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collective excitations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suzuki, H.
AU  - Gignoux, D.
AU  - Schmitt, D.
AU  - Shigeoka, T.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
AU  - Detlefs, C.
T1  - Angular dependence of the metamagnetic process in the frustrated tetragonal compound ErRu2Ge2
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 251
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Angular dependences of the magnetization components parallel and perpendicular to the applied field were measured at 1.65 K on a single crystal during the metamagnetic process of the frustrated tetragonal compound ErRu2Ge2. An additional transition appears when the field is applied out of a symmetry direction of the basal plane. Starting from the complex zero field canted planar magnetic structures, the different phases induced by the field have then been clarified and the metamagnetic process has been quantitatively analyzed using a phenomenological model in which the demagnetizing field has been considered. The angular dependences of the transition fields were quite satisfactorily accounted for. Finally, the huge second-order anisotropy constant <f>K1</f> and the large anisotropy constant <f>K3</f> in the basal plane have been quantitatively determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Canted structure
KW  - Frustration
KW  - Metamagnetic processes
KW  - Rare earth compound
N1  - Accession Number: 8783087; Suzuki, H. 1 Gignoux, D. 2; Email Address: gignoux@polycnrs-gre.fr Schmitt, D. 3 Shigeoka, T. 3 Canfield, P.C. 4 Detlefs, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan  2: Lab. de Magnetisme Louis Néel, 25 Avenue des Martyrs BP 166 X, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France  3: Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753, Japan  4: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA  5: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 251 Issue 1, p16; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canted structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frustration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metamagnetic processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth compound; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheu, C.
AU  - Klein, S.
AU  - Tomsia, A. P.
AU  - Rühle, M.
T1  - Chemical reactions and morphological stability at the Cu/Al2 O3 interface.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 208
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 17
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary The microstructures of diffusion-bonded Cu/(0001)Al2 O3 bicrystals annealed at 1000 °C at oxygen partial pressures of 0.02 or 32 Pa have been studied with various microscopy techniques ranging from optical microscopy to high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The studies revealed that for both oxygen partial pressures a 20–35 nm thick interfacial CuAlO2 layer formed, which crystallises in the rhombohedral structure. However, the CuAlO2 layer is not continuous, but interrupted by many pores. In the samples annealed in the higher oxygen partial pressure an additional reaction phase with a needle-like structure was observed. The needles are several millimetres long, ∼10 µm wide and ∼1 µm thick. They consist of CuAlO2 with alternating rhombohedral and hexagonal structures. Solid-state contact angle measurements were performed to derive values for the work of adhesion. The results show that the adhesion is twice as good for the annealed specimen compared to the as-bonded sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION bonding (Metals)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - Al
KW  - Cu
KW  - diffusion bonding
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - reaction phases
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 7461660; Scheu, C. 1 Klein, S. 1 Tomsia, A. P. 2 Rühle, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, U.S.A.; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 208 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: DIFFUSION bonding (Metals); Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01065.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joy, D. C.
T1  - SMART – a program to measure SEM resolution and imaging performance.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 208
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 34
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary It is important to be able to measure the parameters, such as spatial resolution, astigmastism, signal-to-noise ratio, and drift and instability, that characterize the performance of a scanning electron microscope. These quantities can be determined most reliably by a Fourier analysis of digital micrographs from the instrument, recorded under conditions of interest. A program designed to implement all of the necessary steps in an automated manner has been developed as a ‘macro’ for the popular, and freely available, NIH Image and SCION Image programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - Fourier transform
KW  - Probe size
KW  - resolution
KW  - scanning electron microscope
KW  - Signal-to-noise
N1  - Accession Number: 7461668; Joy, D. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: EM Facility, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0840, USA and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 208 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopes; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probe size; Author-Supplied Keyword: resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: scanning electron microscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signal-to-noise; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01062.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alton, J.
AU  - Plaisted, T.J.
AU  - Hrma, P.
T1  - Dissolution and growth of spinel crystals in a borosilicate glass
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 311
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The rate of dissolution and growth of settling crystals of spinel was measured optically in a borosilicate melt that was pre-heated at a temperature above liquidus to erase the effects of previous history. The Hixson–Crowell equation, which is based on Fick''s first law, was used to determine mass-transfer coefficients (<f>kH</f>) for dissolution and growth; both were found to fit the same Arrhenius function of temperature (T). An attempt was made to estimate the diffusion coefficient (D) and the concentration-boundary-layer thickness (<f>δ</f>). The calculated values of <f>δ</f> compared well with experimental results and observations. The D vs. T function was similar to a literature function obtained for the dissolution of magnetite in sodium disilicate glass. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPINEL
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 7869448; Alton, J. 1 Plaisted, T.J. 1 Hrma, P.; Email Address: pavel.hrma@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K6-24, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 311 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: SPINEL; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cho, W.D.
AU  - Han, Man-Hee
AU  - Bronson, Mark C.
AU  - Zundelevich, Yury
T1  - Processing of uranium oxide powders in a fluidized-bed reactor. I. Experimental
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 305
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 106
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The oxidation of UN powders was carried out in a spout-type fluidized-bed reactor in gas mixtures of oxygen and argon, and over the temperature range of 200–500 °C. The rate of the conversion from UN to U3O8 powders was measured using gas chromatography and found to be dependent on temperature, partial pressure of oxygen and gas flowrate. The solid reactants and products were analyzed using SEM and XRD. Based on the experimental results, the conversion process was explained by the crackling core model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - URANIUM oxides
KW  - GAS chromatography
N1  - Accession Number: 7890863; Cho, W.D. 1; Email Address: w.cho@m.cc.utah.edu Han, Man-Hee 1 Bronson, Mark C. 2 Zundelevich, Yury 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 305 Issue 2/3, p106; Subject Term: URANIUM oxides; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hashimoto, N.
AU  - Klueh, R.L.
T1  - Microstructural evolution of nickel-doped 9Cr steels irradiated in HFIR
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 305
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The microstructures of reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steels, 9Cr–1MoVNb, 9Cr–1MoVNb–2Ni, 9Cr–2WVTa and 9Cr–2WVTa doped with 2% Ni, irradiated at 400 °C up to 12 dpa in the high flux isotope reactor, were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The cavity number density of Ni-doped steels was higher than that of Ni-undoped steels due to the higher concentration of helium. There was no difference of cavity number density between the steels tempered at 700 and 750 °C, but the mean size of the cavities in the steels tempered at 750 °C was larger than that tempered at 700 °C. There was a tendency for the number density of loops in Ni-doped steels to be higher than in Ni-undoped steels. In addition, the mean size of loops in the steels tempered at 750 °C was larger than for those tempered at 700 °C, while there was not much difference of number density between them. In the steels doped with Ni, irradiation-produced precipitates, identified as M6C(<f>η</f>)-type carbide and M2X phase, were found in the 9Cr–2VWTa–2Ni steel and 9Cr–1MoVNb–2Ni, respectively. Irradiation of Ni-doped steels showed the effect of helium on cavity nucleation, however, the effect of helium on dislocation structure and precipitation was not made clear. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - STEEL
N1  - Accession Number: 7890869; Hashimoto, N.; Email Address: hashimoton@ornl.gov Klueh, R.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 4500S MS 6136, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 305 Issue 2/3, p153; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: STEEL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wigger, Maria
AU  - Eyler, John R.
AU  - Benner, Steven A.
AU  - Li, Weiqun
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric resolution, identification, and screening of non-covalent complexes of Hck Src homology 2 domain receptor and ligands from a 324-member peptide combinatorial library
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 13
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1162
SN  - 10440305
AB  - The preferred ligands for the Hck Src homology 2 domain among a combinatorial library containing 324 different peptides were determined in a single experiment involving Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry (MS), electrospray ionization (ESI), stored-waveform inverse Fourier transformation (SWIFT), and infrared multiphoton laser disassociation (IRMPD). These were compared with the results obtained by conventional screening of the peptide library in solution using affinity chromatography. The results reported here show that by combining ESI, FT-ICR MS, SWIFT, and IRMPD, ligands likely to bind under physiological conditions are rapidly and efficiently identified, even from complex library mixtures. In the gas phase some discrimination against hydrophobic ligands could be observed. However, the illustrated feasibility of identifying high affinity ligand via gas-phase screening of complex library mixtures should lead to broad applications in the development of ligands for proteins with interesting biological activity, the first step that must be taken to develop a therapeutic agent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7881519; Wigger, Maria 1 Eyler, John R. 1 Benner, Steven A. 1; Email Address: benner@chem.ufl.edu Li, Weiqun 2 Marshall, Alan G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainsville, Florida, USA  2: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 13 Issue 10, p1162; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boggs, S.E.
AU  - Jean, P.
AU  - Slassi-Sennou, S.
AU  - Coburn, W.
AU  - Lin, R.P.
AU  - Madden, N.W.
AU  - McBride, S.
AU  - Pelling, R.M.
AU  - Primbsch, J.H.
AU  - von Ballmoos, P.
T1  - Balloon flight test of pulse shape discrimination (PSD) electronics and background model performance on the HIREGS payload
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 491
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 390
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We flew a prototype of the INTEGRAL/SPI PSD electronics with a narrow-bore coaxial Ge <f>γ</f>-ray detector on the January 1998 Antarctic balloon flight of the HIREGS payload. The first goal for this test flight was to demonstrate the performance of the PSD electronics in a radiation background and space environment similar to that in which SPI will operate, which was successfully demonstrated. The second goal was to measure the fraction of the background due to localized <f>β−</f>-decays, and to validate the model used to predict SPI''s background and the sensitivity improvement due to the PSD background rejection. Our background measurements show good agreement with the models developed for SPI, and strongly support the expected improvement in sensitivity due to PSD on SPI. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Gamma ray
KW  - Germanium
N1  - Accession Number: 7881375; Boggs, S.E. 1,2; Email Address: boggs@ssl.berkeley.edu Jean, P. 3 Slassi-Sennou, S. 1 Coburn, W. 1 Lin, R.P. 1,2 Madden, N.W. 4 McBride, S. 1 Pelling, R.M. 5 Primbsch, J.H. 1 von Ballmoos, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, UPS-CNRS, Toulouse, France  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 491 Issue 3, p390; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
T1  - Information technology and resource use: editor's introduction to the special issue
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 169
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 7884169; Koomey, Jonathan G. 1; Email Address: JGKoomey@LBL.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p169; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell-Jackson, Jennifer
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
AU  - Blazek, Michele
AU  - Nordman, Bruce
T1  - National and regional implications of internet data center growth in the US
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 09213449
AB  - The electricity consumption of data center hosting facilities (also known as server farms or server hotels) is a growing concern to utility demand forecasters, data center facility managers, energy analysts and policy makers. Combining estimates of US computer room floor space for hosting facilities with total computer room power density, we found that these US data centers in the aggregate required less than 500 MW of power in 2000, and used only about 0.12% of the electricity consumed nationwide in that year. In this paper, our order-of-magnitude estimate suggests that energy demands of these facilities do not represent an enormous new burden on the electricity industry as a whole. The fact that these facilities tend to be concentrated in certain areas, however, may mean that there will be significant regional electricity demands in some parts of the country. If combined heat and power (CHP) technologies were introduced to data center facilities on a large scale, initial calculations indicate that these facilities might even become net contributors of power to the electric grid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Resources, Conservation & Recycling is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electric power consumption
KW  - Buildings -- Energy conservation
KW  - Computation laboratories
KW  - United States
KW  - Data centers
KW  - Electricity consumption
KW  - Power
KW  - Power densities
N1  - Accession Number: 7884170; Mitchell-Jackson, Jennifer 1; Koomey, Jonathan G. 2; Email Address: jgkoomey@lbl.gov; Blazek, Michele 3; Nordman, Bruce 2; Affiliations: 1: Opinion Dynamics Corporation, 1030 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: AT&T, Suite 3188, 4430 Rosewood Drive, Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p175; Thesaurus Term: Electric power consumption; Thesaurus Term: Buildings -- Energy conservation; Subject Term: Computation laboratories; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data centers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity consumption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power densities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hekkert, Marko P.
AU  - van den Reek, Jon
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
AU  - Turkenburg, Wim C.
T1  - The impact of material efficient end-use technologies on paper use and carbon emissions
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 09213449
AB  - The production and consumption of paper leads to emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Therefore, reducing the paper demand will lead to GHG emission reduction. Paper use for communication is responsible for GHG emissions of 121 Mton CO2-equivalents in Western Europe (1995). In this paper a baseline scenario is developed for Western Europe that forecasts a rise in communication paper consumption from 31 Mtons/year in 1995 to 53 Mtons in 2015. We show that several measures are available to reduce the demand for publication papers, e.g. thinner paper, efficient printing technologies, duplexing, and printing on demand (POD). The impact of these measures are determined by using a life cycle inventory approach whereby we focus on GHGs only. We estimate that it is technically possible to reduce paper demand in 2015 by 37% compared with the baseline scenario. This would correspond to a GHG emission reduction of 70 Mton CO2-equivalents We calculate that the intensity of use of publication papers may drop from 5.2 kg per $1000 GDP in 1995 to 3.4 kg per $1000 GDP in 20l5 (all in 1995$). The measures with the largest emission reduction potential are, lowering the basic weight of paper as well as POD. Assumptions on the market potential of POD are uncertain and have a large influence on the results. Further research should focus on determining the influence of increasing access to (digital) information on paper demand. In the analysis only material management improvements are taken into account, no improvements in energy efficiency or improved waste management practices are taken into account. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Resources, Conservation & Recycling is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Paper
KW  - Consumption (Economics)
KW  - Demand (Economic theory)
KW  - Industrial efficiency
KW  - Communication papers
KW  - Greenhouse gas emission reduction
KW  - Material efficiency
KW  - Reduction of paper demand
N1  - Accession Number: 7884174; Hekkert, Marko P. 1; Email Address: m.hekkert@geog.uu.nl; van den Reek, Jon 2; Worrell, Ernst 3; Turkenburg, Wim C. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Innovation Studies, Copernicus Intitute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3524 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; 2: Océ N.V., P.O. Box 101, 5900 MA Venlo, The Netherlands; 3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, EAP-MS 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4: Department of Science Technology and Society, Copernicus Institute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Utrecht University, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p241; Subject Term: Paper; Subject Term: Consumption (Economics); Subject Term: Demand (Economic theory); Subject Term: Industrial efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Communication papers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse gas emission reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Material efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction of paper demand; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424110 Printing and Writing Paper Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, Deborah H.
AU  - Margni, Manuele D.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Jolliet, Olivier
T1  - Intake Fraction for Multimedia Pollutants: A Tool for Life Cycle Analysis and Comparative Risk Assessment.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 905
EP  - 918
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - We employ the intake fraction (iF) as an effective tool for expressing the source–to–intake relationship for pollutant emissions in life cycle analysis (LCA) or comparative risk assessment. Intake fraction is the fraction of chemical mass emitted into the environment that eventually passes into a member of the population through inhalation, ingestion, or dermal exposure. To date, this concept has been primarily applied to pollutants whose primary route of exposure is inhalation. Here we extend the use of iF to multimedia pollutants with multiple exposure pathways. We use a level III multimedia model to calculate iF for TCDD and compare the result to one calculated from measured levels of dioxin toxic equivalents in the environment. We calculate iF for emissions to air and surface water for 308 chemicals. We correlate the primary exposure route with the magnitudes of the octanol–water partition coefficient, K[sub ow], and of the air–water partitioning coefficient (dimensionless Henry constant), K[sub aw]. This results in value ranges of K[sub ow] and K[sub aw] where the chemical exposure route can be classified with limited input data requirements as primarily inhalation, primarily ingestion, or multipathway. For the inhalation and ingestion dominant pollutants, we also define empirical relationships based on chemical properties for quantifying the intake fraction. The empirical relationships facilitate rapid evaluation of many chemicals in terms of the intake. By defining a theoretical upper limit for iF in a multimedia environment we find that iF calculations provide insight into the multimedia model algorithms and help identify unusual patterns of exposure and questionable exposure model results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Human life cycle
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Comparative risk assessment
KW  - exposure
KW  - intake fraction
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Multimedia modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 7572017; Bennett, Deborah H. 1; Margni, Manuele D. 2; McKone, Thomas E. 3,4; Email Address: temckone@lbl.gov; Jolliet, Olivier 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Public Health, Harvard University; 2: Laboratory of Ecosystem Management, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne; 3: School of Public Health, University of California; 4: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p905; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Human life cycle; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Chemicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Comparative risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: intake fraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life cycle analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multimedia modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Houston, Thomas W.
AU  - Costantino, Carl J.
AU  - Hossain, Quazi
AU  - Earl Stone, N.
T1  - Foundation design considerations for a pile supported critical facility
JO  - Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261)
JF  - Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261)
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 9-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1169
SN  - 02677261
AB  - A large reinforced concrete structure supported on piles extending to bedrock is evaluated using a seismic soil–structure interaction analysis. The physical structure, the supporting pile system, analysis model and analytical methodology used are described. Important considerations in the design of the foundation pile system using the seismic analysis loadings and deformations are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261) is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOUNDATIONS (Engineering) -- Design & construction
KW  - PILING (Civil engineering)
KW  - EARTHQUAKE engineering
KW  - SOIL-structure interaction
KW  - Analyses
KW  - Criteria
KW  - Design
KW  - Foundation
KW  - Pile
KW  - Seismic
KW  - Soil–structure interaction
N1  - Accession Number: 8621148; Houston, Thomas W. 1 Costantino, Carl J. 2 Hossain, Quazi 3 Earl Stone, N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Structural Dynamics Engineering, Augusta, GA, USA  2: City University of New York, New York, NY, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Hazard Mitigation Center, Livermore, CA, USA  4: BWXT-Y12, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 22 Issue 9-12, p1169; Subject Term: FOUNDATIONS (Engineering) -- Design & construction; Subject Term: PILING (Civil engineering); Subject Term: EARTHQUAKE engineering; Subject Term: SOIL-structure interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analyses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Criteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foundation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seismic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil–structure interaction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238130 Framing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238140 Masonry Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruby, D.S.
AU  - Zaidi, S.H.
AU  - Narayanan, S.
AU  - Damiani, B.M.
AU  - Rohatgi, A.
T1  - Rie-texturing of multicrystalline silicon solar cells
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We developed a maskless plasma texturing technique for multicrystalline silicon cells using reactive ion etching that results in higher cell performance than that of standard untextured cells. Elimination of plasma damage has been achieved while keeping front reflectance to extremely low levels. Internal quantum efficiencies as high as those on planar cells have been obtained, boosting cell currents and efficiencies by up to 7% on evaporated metal and 4% on screen-printed cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - Multicrystalline silicon cells
KW  - Plasma etching
KW  - Plasma texturing
KW  - Silicon solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 7861636; Ruby, D.S. 1 Zaidi, S.H. 2 Narayanan, S. 3 Damiani, B.M. 4 Rohatgi, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0752, USA  2: Gratings Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87107, USA  3: BP Solar, Frederick, MD 21701, USA  4: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 74 Issue 1-4, p133; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multicrystalline silicon cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma etching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma texturing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon solar cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Huilin
AU  - DeRosier, David J.
AU  - Nicholson, William V.
AU  - Nogales, Eva
AU  - Downing, Kenneth H.
T1  - Microtubule Structure at 8 A˚ Resolution
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1317
SN  - 09692126
AB  - We have obtained a 3D reconstruction of intact microtubules, using cryoelectron microscopy and image processing, at a resolution of about 8 A˚, sufficient to resolve much of the secondary structure. The level of detail in the map allows docking of the tubulin structure previously determined by electron crystallography, with very strong constraints, providing several important insights not previously available through docking tubulin into lower-resolution maps. This work provides an improved picture of the interactions between adjacent protofilaments, which are responsible for microtubule stability, and also suggests that some structural features are different in microtubules from those in the zinc sheets with which the tubulin structure was determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUBULINS
KW  - MICROTUBULES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - dynamic instability
KW  - electron crystallography
KW  - microtubules
KW  - protein structure
KW  - tubulin
N1  - Accession Number: 7900262; Li, Huilin 1 DeRosier, David J. 1 Nicholson, William V. 1 Nogales, Eva 1,2 Downing, Kenneth H. 1; Email Address: khdowning@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p1317; Subject Term: TUBULINS; Subject Term: MICROTUBULES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: microtubules; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: tubulin; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jing, Hua
AU  - Takagi, Junichi
AU  - Liu, Jin-huan
AU  - Lindgren, Sara
AU  - Zhang, Rong-guang
AU  - Joachimiak, A.
AU  - Wang, Jia-huai
AU  - Springer, Timothy A.
T1  - Archaeal Surface Layer Proteins Contain β Propeller, PKD, and β Helix Domains and Are Related to Metazoan Cell Surface Proteins
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1453
SN  - 09692126
AB  - The surface layer of archaeobacteria protects cells from extreme environments and, in Methanosarcina, may regulate cell adhesion. We identify three domain types that account for the complete architecture of numerous Methanosarcina surface layer proteins (SLPs). We solve the crystal structure for two of these domains, which correspond to the two N-terminal domains of an M. mazei SLP. One domain displays a unique, highly symmetrical, seven-bladed β propeller fold, and the other belongs to the polycystic kidney disease (PKD) superfamily fold. The third domain is predicted to adopt a β helix fold. These domains have homologs in metazoan cell surface proteins, suggesting remarkable relationships between domains in archaeal SLPs and metazoan cell surface proteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
KW  - SARCINA
KW  - POLYCYSTIC kidney disease
KW  - β
KW  - domain architecture
KW  - helix
KW  - Methanosarcina
KW  - PKD
KW  - propeller
KW  - surface layer protein
N1  - Accession Number: 7900310; Jing, Hua 1 Takagi, Junichi 1 Liu, Jin-huan 2 Lindgren, Sara 2 Zhang, Rong-guang 3 Joachimiak, A. 3 Wang, Jia-huai 4 Springer, Timothy A. 1; Email Address: springeroffice@cbr.med.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Blood Research and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  2: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  3: Biosciences Division, Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, IL USA  4: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Pediatrics and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p1453; Subject Term: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Subject Term: SARCINA; Subject Term: POLYCYSTIC kidney disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: β; Author-Supplied Keyword: domain architecture; Author-Supplied Keyword: helix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanosarcina; Author-Supplied Keyword: PKD; Author-Supplied Keyword: propeller; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface layer protein; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, Albert C.
T1  - A reformulation of thermionic theory for vacuum diodes
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 517
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 186
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Methods for predicting thermionic diode current–voltage characteristics have been in wide use for decades; however, serious limitations have been identified in the conventional formulations of thermionic theory. A reformulation of thermionic theory for vacuum diodes has been developed to improve predictive accuracy, to broaden the scope of application, and to establish a more consistent approach. Electron reflection effects and temperature dependent work functions are shown to be important considerations for thermionic diodes; consequently, the revised formulation focuses on proper treatment of these considerations. Revised equations are derived for predicting current densities, space charge, and electron cooling. In addition, equations are developed that provide energy–angle dependent current density spectra used to compute average transmission coefficients. An approach for computing space charge reflection parameters is also provided. Methods are given that permit application of the revised approach to inhomogeneous (patchy) electrode surfaces. A preliminary comparison shows that the predicted current–voltage characteristics using the revised formulations are in good agreement with test results for a prototype microminiature thermionic converter; whereas, more conventional formulations do not provide accurate predictions. Several new parameters are recommended to take advantage of the more precise methodology provided by the reformulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMIONIC emission
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - DIODES
KW  - Electron emission
KW  - Surface electrical transport (surface conductivity, surface recombination, etc.)
KW  - Thermionic emission
N1  - Accession Number: 7877663; Marshall, Albert C. 1; Email Address: acmarsh@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-0425, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 517 Issue 1-3, p186; Subject Term: THERMIONIC emission; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: DIODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface electrical transport (surface conductivity, surface recombination, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermionic emission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Sung-Joo E.
AU  - Hori, Yuko
AU  - Groves, Jay T.
AU  - Dustin, Michael L.
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup K.
T1  - Correlation of a dynamic model for immunological synapse formation with effector functions: two pathways to synapse formation
JO  - Trends in Immunology
JF  - Trends in Immunology
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 492
SN  - 14714906
AB  - During antigen recognition by T cells different receptors and ligands form a pattern in the intercellular junction called the immunological synapse, which might be involved in T-cell activation. Recently, a synapse assembly model has been proposed, which enables the calculation of the propensity for synapse assembly driven by membrane-constrained protein binding interactions. We bring together model predictions of mature synapse assembly with data on the dependence of T-cell responses on T-cell receptor (TCR)–MHC–peptide (pMHC) binding kinetics. Predictions of mature synapse assembly, based on TCR–pMHC binding kinetics, correlate well with observed cytokine responses by T cells bearing the relevant TCR but not with cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated killing. We discuss the suggested different role for the synapse in pre- and post-nuclear activation events in T cells. The view of immunological synapse assembly given here emphasizes the importance of both the on and off rates for the TCR–pMHC interaction and in this context recent data on a positive role for analogs of self-peptides in synapse assembly is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Immunology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - T cell receptors
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - SYNAPSES
N1  - Accession Number: 7879213; Lee, Sung-Joo E. 1 Hori, Yuko 1 Groves, Jay T. 1 Dustin, Michael L. 2; Email Address: dustin@saturn.med.nyu.edu Chakraborty, Arup K. 1; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Graduate Group, Dept of Chemistry, Dept of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Physical Biosciences Division and Material Science Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Program in Molecular Pathogenesis, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p492; Subject Term: T cell receptors; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: SYNAPSES; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Sung-Joo E.
AU  - Hori, Yuko
AU  - Groves, Jay T.
AU  - Dustin, Michael L.
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup K.
T1  - The synapse assembly model
JO  - Trends in Immunology
JF  - Trends in Immunology
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 500
SN  - 14714906
AB  - A framework for quantitative analysis of the mechanisms underlying immunological synapse assembly has been recently developed. This model uses partial differential equations to describe the binding interactions of receptors and ligands, with the constraint that they are embedded in apposed deformable membranes linked to a cytoskeletal complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Immunology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNAPSES
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 7879214; Lee, Sung-Joo E. 1 Hori, Yuko 1 Groves, Jay T. 1 Dustin, Michael L. 2; Email Address: dustin@saturn.med.nyu.edu Chakraborty, Arup K. 1; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Graduate Group, Dept of Chemistry, Dept of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Physical Biosciences Division and Material Science Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Program in Molecular Pathogenesis, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p500; Subject Term: SYNAPSES; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weeks, Brandon L.
AU  - Ruddle, Chantel M.
AU  - Zaug, Joseph M.
AU  - Cook, Debra J.
T1  - Monitoring high-temperature solid–solid phase transitions of HMX with atomic force microscopy
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 93
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Using high-temperature atomic force microscopy we have observed the solid–solid phase transition of octahydro-1,3,5,7,-tetrazocine (HMX) in real time. Massive surface reconstruction occurs during the first-order transition. The temperature induced increase in void space and surface roughness observed in the δ polymorph of HMX serve to increase the growth rate and volume of shock initiated hot spots and hence reaction sensitivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 7877672; Weeks, Brandon L. 1 Ruddle, Chantel M. 1 Zaug, Joseph M. 1 Cook, Debra J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Digital Instruments, Veeco Metrology Group, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 93 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weyhenmeyer, Constanze E.
AU  - Burns, Stephen J.
AU  - Waber, H. Niklaus
AU  - Macumber, Phil G.
AU  - Matter, Albert
T1  - Isotope study of moisture sources, recharge areas, and groundwater flow paths within the eastern Batinah coastal plain, Sultanate of Oman.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2-1
EP  - 2-22
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses of rainfall samples collected on the eastern Batinah coastal plain of northern Oman between 1995 and 1998 indicate two different principal water vapor sources for precipitation in the area: a northern, Mediterranean source and a southern, Indian Ocean source. As a result, two new local meteoric water lines were defined for the study area. Isotopic analyses of groundwater samples from over 200 springs and wells indicate that the main source of water to the Batinah coastal alluvial aquifer is high-altitude rainfall from the adjacent Jabal Akhdar Mountains, originating from a combination of northern and southern moisture sources. The groundwater recharged at high-altitude forms two plumes of water which is depleted in the heavy isotopes 18O and 2H and stretches from the mountains across the coastal plain to the sea, thereby retaining a chemical homogeneity horizontally and vertically down to a depth exceeding 300 m. In contrast, in areas adjacent to these two plumes the alluvial aquifer is geochemically stratified. Near the coast, saline intrusion results in abrupt changes in chloride concentrations and isotope values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - arid region
KW  - coastal aquifer
KW  - groundwater
KW  - isotopes
KW  - precipitation
KW  - recharge
N1  - Accession Number: 87143777; Weyhenmeyer, Constanze E. 1,2; Burns, Stephen J. 1,3; Waber, H. Niklaus 1; Macumber, Phil G. 4,5; Matter, Albert 1; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern; 2: Now at Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA.; 3: Now at Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.; 4: Ministry of Water Resources, Groundwater Section; 5: Now at Department of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p2-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: arid region; Author-Supplied Keyword: coastal aquifer; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: recharge; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000149
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trautz, Robert C.
AU  - Wang, Joseph S. Y.
T1  - Seepage into an underground opening constructed in unsaturated fractured rock under evaporative conditions.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 6-1
EP  - 6-14
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Liquid-release tests, performed in boreholes above an underground opening constructed in unsaturated fractured rock, are used in this study to evaluate seepage into a waste emplacement drift. Evidence for the existence of a capillary barrier at the ceiling of the drift is presented based on field observations (including spreading of the wetting front across the ceiling and water movement up fractures exposed in the ceiling before seepage begins). The capillary barrier mechanism has the potential to divert water around the opening, resulting in no seepage when the percolation flux is at or below the seepage threshold flux. Liquid-release tests are used to demonstrate that a seepage threshold exists and to measure the magnitude of the seepage threshold flux for three test zones that seeped. The seepage data are interpreted using analytical techniques to estimate the test-specific strength of the rock capillary forces (α−1) that prevent water from seeping into the drift. Evaporation increases the seepage threshold flux, making it more difficult for water to seep into the drift and producing artificially inflated α−1 values. With adjustments for evaporation, the minimum test-specific threshold is 1600 mm/yr, with a corresponding α−1 value of 0.027 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - capillary barrier
KW  - seepage
KW  - underground testing
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 87143783; Trautz, Robert C. 1; Wang, Joseph S. Y. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p6-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: seepage; Author-Supplied Keyword: underground testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000690
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - On stochastic modeling of flow in multimodal heterogeneous formations.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 8-1
EP  - 8-15
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Most existing stochastic models are developed for unimodal porous media that may be well characterized with only the first two statistical moments. However, the distribution of hydraulic properties, such as hydraulic conductivity, may possess a multiplicity of modes; thus the first two moments may not be adequate to characterize properties of such porous media. In turn, the stochastic models developed for unimodal porous media may not be applicable to flow and transport in a multimodal heterogeneous porous medium. This study investigates under what circumstances the second-order moment-based stochastic models are applicable to multimodal heterogeneous porous media. We assume that a porous medium is composed of a number of materials (categories), each of which may have a different mean, variance, and correlation scale. The distribution of materials in the domain is characterized by indicator random variables. We first derive analytical expressions for the mean and covariance of the log saturated hydraulic conductivity (ln K s) of the multimodal porous medium in terms of categorical proportions, transition probability among categories, and covariances of indicator random variables. We express the covariance in terms of the statistics of materials in the porous medium, which allows us to accurately evaluate the variance and the correlation length of the composite ln K s field. We then solve the second-order moment equations for the 'equivalent' unimodal field with an exponential covariance with a single correlation scale computed for the composite field. On the other hand, we conduct two sets of Monte Carlo simulations: one with multimodal random fields, and the other with 'equivalent' unimodal random fields. Examples for porous media with two materials are given. Numerical experiments show that a bimodal ln K s field may be well approximated by an equivalent unimodal field when one of the two modes is dominant, under which condition the applicability of the second-order moment-based model is subject to the same limitation of relatively small variance as that for unimodal fields. When the bimodal distribution has two more or less equally important modes, although it cannot be adequately represented by an equivalent unimodal distribution, the second-order moment-based stochastic model seems to be applicable to systems with larger composite variances than it does for an one-mode-dominant distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - bimodal
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - multimodal
KW  - multiscale
KW  - stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 87143789; Lu, Zhiming 1; Zhang, Dongxiao 1; Affiliations: 1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p8-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: bimodal; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: multimodal; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiscale; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
AU  - Nicholl, Michael J.
AU  - Ramirez, Abelardo L.
AU  - Daily, William D.
T1  - Liquid phase structure within an unsaturated fracture network beneath a surface infiltration event: Field experiment.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 17-1
EP  - 17-16
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We conducted a simple field experiment to elucidate structure (i.e., geometry) of the liquid phase (water) resulting from ponded infiltration into a pervasive fracture network that dissected a nearly impermeable rock matrix. Over a 46 min period, dyed water was infiltrated from a surface pond while electrical resistance tomography (ERT) was employed to monitor the rapid invasion of the initially dry fracture network and subsequent drainage. We then excavated the rock mass to a depth of ∼5 m, mapping the fracture network and extent of dye staining over a series of horizontal pavements located directly beneath the pond. Near the infiltration surface, flow was dominated by viscous forces, and the fracture network was fully stained. With increasing depth, flow transitioned to unsaturated conditions, and the phase structure became complicated, exhibiting evidence of fragmentation, preferential flow, fingers, irregular wetting patterns, and varied behavior at fracture intersections. ERT images demonstrate that water spanned the instrumented network rapidly on ponding and also rapidly drained after ponding was terminated. Estimates suggest that our excavation captured from ∼15 to 1% or less of the rock volume interrogated by our infiltration slug, and thus the penetration depth from our short ponding event could have been quite large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fractured rock
KW  - fractures
KW  - infiltration
KW  - preferential flow
KW  - unsaturated flow
N1  - Accession Number: 87143793; Glass, Robert J. 1; Nicholl, Michael J. 2; Ramirez, Abelardo L. 3; Daily, William D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Department of Materials, Metallurgical, Mining and Geological Engineering, University of Idaho; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p17-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractures; Author-Supplied Keyword: infiltration; Author-Supplied Keyword: preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated flow; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000167
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murray, Regan E.
AU  - Luce, Benjamin P.
T1  - Oscillatory dynamics of the biologically active zone in in situ bioremediation.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 21-1
EP  - 21-15
SN  - 00431397
AB  - In situ bioremediation is a promising biotechnology for removing aqueous phase contaminants from groundwater. The system of three partial differential equations used to model bioremediation has a traveling wave solution which loses stability in a Hopf bifurcation, giving rise to oscillating fronts. To understand the origin of these oscillations, we construct a simplified model of the biologically active zone, a time delay differential equation with state-dependent delay. Despite its simplicity the new model mimics the dynamical characteristics of the bioremediation equations remarkably well and yields an approximate parametric expression for the oscillation onset point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - biodegradation
KW  - biologically active zone
KW  - bioremediation
KW  - oscillating waves
KW  - time-delay differential equations
KW  - traveling waves
N1  - Accession Number: 87143773; Murray, Regan E. 1,2; Luce, Benjamin P. 3; Affiliations: 1: Program in Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona; 2: Now at CNLS/EES-10, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.; 3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p21-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: biologically active zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: oscillating waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: time-delay differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: traveling waves; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000206
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
AU  - Olson, Keith R.
T1  - Saturation-matric potential relations in gravel.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 32-1
EP  - 32-7
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Some environmentally sensitive unsaturated zone sediments, such as those underlying radioactive waste tanks in Hanford (Washington State), contain large fractions of gravels and coarse sands. Coarse, granular media are also included in designs of engineered capillary barriers for subsurface waste isolation. Thus knowledge of the unsaturated hydraulic properties of gravels is needed to understand flow and transport in these critical settings. When standard methods for measuring moisture characteristics or water retention relations are used for gravels, corrections are needed in the near-zero region of matric (pressure) potentials. The need for correction results from gravity stratification of saturation profiles within even short sample columns. Such a correction method was developed and used to determine drainage curves for Hanford gravels having characteristic grain sizes of 8.0-9.5, 4.8-5.3, and 2.0-2.4 mm. In 30 mm tall sample columns, gravity corrections were essential for the 9 and 5 mm gravels and less significant for the 2 mm gravel. Validity of the correction method was demonstrated through accurately reconstructing average column saturation-potential relations from their predicted local saturation-potential relations. The method and results presented here are part of an ongoing study on Hanford gravels and on limits to classical unsaturated hydraulic scaling encountered at large grain sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - capillary
KW  - gravel
KW  - gravity
KW  - matric
KW  - saturation
KW  - unsaturated
N1  - Accession Number: 87143800; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Wan, Jiamin 1; Olson, Keith R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p32-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravel; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravity; Author-Supplied Keyword: matric; Author-Supplied Keyword: saturation; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001242
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gautesen, A.K.
T1  - Scattering of a Rayleigh wave by an elastic wedge whose angle is less than 180<F>°</F>
JO  - Wave Motion
JF  - Wave Motion
Y1  - 2002/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
SN  - 01652125
AB  - The steady-state problem of scattering of an incident Rayleigh wave by an elastic wedge whose angle is less than 180<F>°</F> is considered. The problem is reduced to the numerical solution of a pair of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind whose kernels are continuous functions. Numerical results are given for the amplitude and phase of the Rayleigh waves transmitted and reflected by the corner. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wave Motion is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - RAYLEIGH waves
KW  - FREDHOLM equations
N1  - Accession Number: 7896609; Gautesen, A.K. 1; Email Address: gautesen@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Ames Laboratory, 136 Wilhelm Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p417; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: RAYLEIGH waves; Subject Term: FREDHOLM equations; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Fei
AU  - Hansen, Rhonda K
AU  - Radisky, Derek
AU  - Yoneda, Toshiyuki
AU  - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
AU  - Petersen, Ole W
AU  - Turley, Eva A
AU  - Bissell, Mina J
T1  - Phenotypic reversion or death of cancer cells by altering signaling pathways in three-dimensional contexts.
JO  - JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JF  - JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Y1  - 2002/10/02/
VL  - 94
IS  - 19
M3  - journal article
SP  - 1494
EP  - 1503
SN  - 00278874
AB  - <bold>Background: </bold>We previously used a three-dimensional (3D) reconstituted basement membrane (rBM) assay to demonstrate that tumorigenic HMT-3522 T4-2 human breast cells can be induced to form morphologically normal structures ("reversion") by treatment with inhibitors of beta1 integrin, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We have now used this assay to identify reversion and/or death requirements of several more aggressive human breast cancer cell lines.<bold>Methods: </bold>Breast tumor cell lines MCF7, Hs578T, and MDA-MB-231 were cultured in 3D rBM and treated with inhibitors of beta1 integrin, MAPK, or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). MDA-MB-231 cells, which lack E-cadherin, were transfected with an E-cadherin cDNA. The extent of reversion was assessed by changes in morphology and polarity, growth in 3D rBM or soft agar, level of invasiveness, and tumor formation in nude mice.<bold>Results: </bold>All three cell lines showed partial reversion (MCF7 the greatest and Hs578T the least) of tumorigenic properties treated with a single beta1 integrin, MAPK, or PI3K inhibitor. Combined inhibition of beta1 integrin and either PI3K or MAPK resulted in nearly complete phenotypic reversion (MDA-MB-231, MCF7) or in cell death (Hs578T). E-cadherin-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells showed partial reversion, but exposure of the transfectants to an inhibitor of beta1 integrin, PI3K, or MAPK led to nearly complete reversion.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>The 3D rBM assay can be used to identify signaling pathways that, when manipulated in concert, can lead to the restoration of morphologically normal breast structures or to death of the tumor cells, even highly metastatic cells. This approach may be useful to design therapeutic intervention strategies for aggressive breast cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUMORS -- Treatment
KW  - ANIMAL experimentation
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - BREAST tumors
KW  - CANCER invasiveness
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - CELL death
KW  - CELL division (Biology)
KW  - CELL physiology
KW  - CELLULAR signal transduction
KW  - COMPARATIVE studies
KW  - CYTOSKELETAL proteins
KW  - ENZYME inhibitors
KW  - EPIDERMAL growth factor
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - RESEARCH -- Methodology
KW  - MEDICAL cooperation
KW  - BASAL lamina
KW  - MICE
KW  - PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES
KW  - PROTEIN-tyrosine kinase
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - TRANSFERASES
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - EVALUATION -- Research
KW  - DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDES
KW  - CANCER cell culture
KW  - COLONY-forming units assay
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - DRUGS -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 119414665; Wang, Fei 1 Hansen, Rhonda K Radisky, Derek Yoneda, Toshiyuki Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen Petersen, Ole W Turley, Eva A Bissell, Mina J; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 10/2/2002, Vol. 94 Issue 19, p1494; Subject Term: TUMORS -- Treatment; Subject Term: ANIMAL experimentation; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: BREAST tumors; Subject Term: CANCER invasiveness; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Subject Term: CELL death; Subject Term: CELL division (Biology); Subject Term: CELL physiology; Subject Term: CELLULAR signal transduction; Subject Term: COMPARATIVE studies; Subject Term: CYTOSKELETAL proteins; Subject Term: ENZYME inhibitors; Subject Term: EPIDERMAL growth factor; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Methodology; Subject Term: MEDICAL cooperation; Subject Term: BASAL lamina; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES; Subject Term: PROTEIN-tyrosine kinase; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: TRANSFERASES; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: EVALUATION -- Research; Subject Term: DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDES; Subject Term: CANCER cell culture; Subject Term: COLONY-forming units assay; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: DRUGS -- Physiological effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: journal article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balachandran, U.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Fisher, B.L.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Erck, R.A.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
T1  - Inclined-substrate deposition of biaxially textured template for coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/03/Oct2002 Part 2
VL  - 378-381
M3  - Article
SP  - 950
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Inclined-substrate deposition (ISD) offers the potential for rapid production of high-quality biaxially textured buffer layers suitable for YBCO-coated conductors. We have grown biaxially textured MgO films by ISD at deposition rates of 20–100 A˚/s. Columnar grain structures with roof-tile-shaped surfaces were observed in these films. X-ray pole figure analysis revealed that the (0 0 2) plane of the ISD MgO films is tilted at an angle from the substrate normal. A small <f>φ</f>-scan full-width at half-maximum of <f>&ap;</f>9<f>°</f> was observed on MgO films deposited with an inclination angle of 55<f>°</f>. YBCO films were grown on ISD-MgO-buffered Hastelloy substrates by pulsed laser deposition. We obtained a critical current density of <f>&ap;</f><f>2×105</f> A/cm<f>2</f> at 77 K in self-field on a sample that is 0.5 <f>μ</f>m thick, 0.5 cm wide, and 1 cm long. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - Inclined-substrate deposition
KW  - MgO
KW  - Thin films
KW  - YBCO coated-conductors
N1  - Accession Number: 8841097; Balachandran, U.; Email Address: balu@anl.gov Ma, B. 1 Li, M. 1 Fisher, B.L. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Erck, R.A. 1 Dorris, S.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2002 Part 2, Vol. 378-381, p950; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inclined-substrate deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO coated-conductors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paranthaman, M. Parans
AU  - Aytug, T.
AU  - Sathyamurthy, S.
AU  - Beach, D.B.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Lee, D.F.
AU  - Kang, B.W.
AU  - Heatherly, L.
AU  - Specht, E.D.
AU  - Leonard, K.J.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
AU  - Kroeger, D.M.
T1  - Bulk solution techniques to fabricate high <f>Jc</f> YBCO coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/03/Oct2002 Part 2
VL  - 378-381
M3  - Article
SP  - 1009
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Low-cost, non-vacuum bulk solution technique has been developed to deposit epitaxial Gd2O3 and La2Zr2O7 (LZO) buffer layers directly onto both textured Ni and mechanically strengthened biaxially textured Ni–W(3 at.%)–Fe(1.7 at.%) (hereafter referred to as Ni–W) substrates. A reel-to-reel continuous dip-coating unit was used to produce meter lengths of highly textured, crack-free Gd2O3 and LZO buffers on Ni and Ni–W tapes. Auger electron spectroscopy analysis of the textured Ni–W substrates indicated the presence of sulfur segregation to the surface, which possibly facilitated the growth of solution seed layers directly on Ni–W substrates. On dip-coated seed layers, a reel-to-reel sputtering unit was used to deposit epitaxially 200 nm thick YSZ layers followed by 10 nm thick CeO2 to complete the RABiTS architecture. Pulsed laser deposition was used to grow YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> (YBCO) films on these tapes in short lengths. YBCO films with <f>Jc</f> values of <f>1.2×106</f> and <f>1.9×106</f> A/cm2 at 77 K were obtained on Gd2O3 and LZO buffered Ni–W substrates, respectively. YBCO films grown by ex situ BaF2 precursor process on 80 cm long, 1 cm wide CeO2/YSZ/Gd2O3/Ni tapes exhibited end-to-end <f>Jc</f> of <f>6.25×105</f> A/cm2 at 77 K and self-field. This demonstrates that the solution layers provide a very good crystallographic template for the growth of high current density YBCO films, with performance approaching that of vacuum-deposited seed layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - Long lengths
KW  - Ni–W substrates
KW  - RABiTS
KW  - Solution layers
KW  - YBCO films
N1  - Accession Number: 8841109; Paranthaman, M. Parans 1; Email Address: paranthamanm@ornl.gov Aytug, T. 1 Sathyamurthy, S. 1 Beach, D.B. 1 Goyal, A. 2 Lee, D.F. 2 Kang, B.W. 2 Heatherly, L. 2 Specht, E.D. 2 Leonard, K.J. 2 Christen, D.K. 3 Kroeger, D.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500 South, MS-6100, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6100, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2002 Part 2, Vol. 378-381, p1009; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long lengths; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni–W substrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: RABiTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solution layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO films; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suenaga, Masaki
T1  - BaF2 processes for YBa2Cu3O7 conductors: promises and challenges
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/03/Oct2002 Part 2
VL  - 378-381
M3  - Article
SP  - 1045
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The aspects of fabricating YBa2Cu3O7 conductors utilizing the so-called BaF2 processes are reviewed focusing on the advantages and the disadvantages of different methods of the processes. Then, the current understanding of the nucleation and growth mechanisms for YBa2Cu3O7 layers are summarized for those derived from precursor films deposited by an electron-beam-evaporation method. This will also point out the areas for which further development is required before the fabrication of technologically viable conductors becomes possible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YTTERBIUM
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - BaF2 process
KW  - Nucleation and growth kinetics
KW  - YBa2Cu3O7 conductors
N1  - Accession Number: 8841116; Suenaga, Masaki 1; Email Address: mas@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Sciences, Materials and Chemical Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Building 480, 76 Cornell Avenue, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2002 Part 2, Vol. 378-381, p1045; Subject Term: YTTERBIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: BaF2 process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation and growth kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBa2Cu3O7 conductors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paranthaman, M.P.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
AU  - Christen, H.M.
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Kerchner, H.R.
AU  - Cantoni, C.
AU  - Zhai, H.Y.
T1  - Growth of high current density MgB2 films using ex-situ precursor approach
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/03/Oct2002 Part 2
VL  - 378-381
M3  - Article
SP  - 1252
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Superconducting MgB2 films with <f>Tc=39.0</f> K were prepared using an ex-situ precursor approach. Precursor films of boron, <f>∼</f>0.6 <f>μ</f>m thick, were deposited onto Al2O3(1 0 2) substrates by electron beam evaporation; subsequent post-anneal at 890 °C in the presence of MgB2 and Mg metal produced highly crystalline MgB2 films. Detailed X-ray diffraction studies indicate that the film is polycrystalline with some degree of c-axis texture. A transport <f>Jc</f> of over <f>4×106</f> A/cm2 was obtained on MgB2 films at 25 K and self-field. The higher irreversibility fields, <f>Birr</f> obtained from the transport measurements on MgB2 films indicate that there is some improvement in flux pinning at lower temperatures. The details of the film growth and transport property measurements are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - Al2O3 substrates
KW  - E-beam evaporation
KW  - MgB2 films
KW  - Transport properties
N1  - Accession Number: 8841157; Paranthaman, M.P. 1; Email Address: paranthamanm@ornl.gov Christen, D.K. 2 Christen, H.M. 2 Thompson, J.R. 2 Kerchner, H.R. 2 Cantoni, C. 2 Zhai, H.Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500 South, MS-6100, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6100, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2002 Part 2, Vol. 378-381, p1252; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3 substrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: E-beam evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2 films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport properties; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawson, Sally
AU  - Dicus, Duane
AU  - Kao, Chung
T1  - Searching for the Higgs bosons of minimal supersymmetry with muon pairs and bottom quarks
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/10/03/
VL  - 545
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The prospects for the discovery of neutral Higgs bosons (<f>φ0=H0,h0,A0</f>) produced with bottom quarks via Higgs decays into muon pairs (<f>pp→bb¯φ0→bb¯μμ¯+X</f>) at the CERN LHC are investigated in the minimal supersymmetric model. The complete physics background from the production of <f>bb¯μμ¯</f>, <f>bb¯W+W−</f> (including <f>tt¯</f>) and <f>jjμμ¯,j=g,u,d,s,c</f> in the Standard Model is calculated with realistic acceptance cuts. This discovery mode has a simple production mechanism from <f>gg→bb¯φ0</f> with its cross section proportional to <f>1/cos2β</f> and could provide an opportunity to measure <f>tanβ</f> and the <f>bb¯φ0</f> couplings. In addition, we compare the associated discovery mode above with the inclusive discovery channel <f>pp→φ0→μμ¯+X</f>. Promising results are found for the CP-odd pseudoscalar (<f>A0</f>) and the heavier CP-even scalar (<f>H0</f>) Higgs bosons for <f>tanβ≡v2/v1&gsim;14</f> and <f>mA,mH&lsim;</f> 325 GeV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7881442; Dawson, Sally 1 Dicus, Duane 2 Kao, Chung 3; Email Address: kao@nhn.ou.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Center for Particle Physics, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 545 Issue 1/2, p132; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Jun
AU  - Moxom, J.
AU  - Yang, Shu
AU  - Suzuki, R.
AU  - Ohdaira, T.
T1  - Dependence of porosity in methyl-silsesquioxane thin films on molecular weight of sacrificial triblock copolymer
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/10/04/
VL  - 364
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Positron annihilation spectroscopy is used to characterize pore sizes and their interconnectivity for porous low dielectric constant methyl-silsequioxane thin films, which are templated by triblock copolymers. More than 1 <f>μ</f>m of ortho-positronium (o-Ps) diffusion length has been observed for certain films, indicating high interconnectivity of pores. S parameters from Doppler broadening of annihilation photons (DBAP) show homogeneous depth profiles of these films. o-Ps <f>3γ</f> emission and lifetimes show that the pore interconnectivity depends on the characteristics of the triblock copolymers. Pores generated from polymers with higher molecular mass are smaller and more closed, while pores generated by polymers with lower molecular mass and smaller ethylene oxide fraction are more interconnected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 7884844; Xu, Jun 1; Email Address: xuj2@ornl.gov Moxom, J. 1 Yang, Shu 2 Suzuki, R. 3 Ohdaira, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Ave. Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA  3: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 364 Issue 3/4, p309; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Subject Term: THIN films; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tomkins, Bruce A.
AU  - Ilgner, Ralph H.
T1  - Determination of atrazine and four organophosphorus pesticides in ground water using solid phase microextraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography with selected-ion monitoring
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2002/10/04/
VL  - 972
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 00219673
AB  - A rapid, sensitive, and convenient method is presented for the determination of atrazine and four organophosphorus pesticides (OPP) in small (10 ml) samples of ground water. Samples are initially fortified with ethion (internal standard), then extracted without organic solvent using a 65-μm thickness polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS–DVB) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. The analytes collected are thermally desorbed in a heated gas chromatographic inlet, separated using a fused-silica capillary column, and detected using a mass selective detector in its selected-ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Two independent statistical procedures were used to evaluate the detection limits, which typically range between 2 and 8 μg l−1 for these analytes. Method performance was also evaluated using “performance evaluation” samples, in which clean authentic ground waters were fortified to known concentrations with at least two of the analytes of interest. Sample-to-sample analysis time is approximately 30 min, making the new method ideal for “quick turn” determinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atrazine
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Organophosphorus compounds
KW  - Malathion
KW  - Parathion
KW  - Supona
KW  - Vapona
N1  - Accession Number: 8595500; Tomkins, Bruce A.; Email Address: tomkinsba@ornl.gov; Ilgner, Ralph H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 972 Issue 2, p183; Thesaurus Term: Atrazine; Thesaurus Term: Pesticides; Subject Term: Organophosphorus compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Malathion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parathion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supona; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapona; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramelot, Theresa A.
AU  - Cort, John R.
AU  - Yee, Adelinda A.
AU  - Liu, Furong
AU  - Goshe, Michael B.
AU  - Edwards, Aled M.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Arrowsmith, Cheryl H.
AU  - Dever, Thomas E.
AU  - Kennedy, Michael A.
T1  - Myxoma Virus Immunomodulatory Protein M156R is a Structural Mimic of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor eIF2α
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/10/04/
VL  - 322
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 943
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2 on Ser51 of its α subunit is a key event for regulation of protein synthesis in all eukaryotes. M156R, the product of the myxoma virus M156R open reading frame, has sequence similarity to eIF2α as well as to a family of viral proteins that bind to the interferon-induced protein kinase PKR and inhibit phosphorylation of eIF2α. In this study, we demonstrate that, like eIF2α. M156R is an efficient substrate for phosphorylation by PKR and can compete with eIF2α. To gain insights into the substrate specificity of the eIF2α kinases, we have determined the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of M156R, the first structure of a myxoma virus protein. The fold consists of a five-stranded antiparallel β-barrel with two of the strands connected by a loop and an α-helix. The similarity between M156R and the β-barrel structure in the N terminus of eIF2α suggests that the viral homologs mimic eIF2α structure in order to compete for binding to PKR. A homology-modeled structure of the well-studied vaccinia virus K3L was generated on the basis of alignment with M156R. Comparison of the structures of the K3L model, M156R, and human eIF2α indicated that residues important for binding to PKR are located at conserved positions on the surface of the β-barrel and in the mobile loop, identifying the putative PKR recognition motif. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC translation
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - IMMUNOLOGICAL adjuvants
KW  - ds-, double-stranded
KW  - eIF, eukaryotic translation initiation factor
KW  - LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
KW  - NOE, nuclear Overhauser enhancement
KW  - OB, oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding
KW  - ss-, singe-stranded
KW  - TIR, terminally inverted repeat
N1  - Accession Number: 8516966; Ramelot, Theresa A. 1 Cort, John R. 1 Yee, Adelinda A. 2,3 Liu, Furong 4 Goshe, Michael B. 1 Edwards, Aled M. 2,3 Smith, Richard D. 1 Arrowsmith, Cheryl H. 2,3 Dever, Thomas E. 4 Kennedy, Michael A. 1; Email Address: ma_kennedy@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Division of Molecular and Structural Biology, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada  3: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7  4: Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-2716, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 322 Issue 5, p943; Subject Term: GENETIC translation; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGICAL adjuvants; Author-Supplied Keyword: ds-, double-stranded; Author-Supplied Keyword: eIF, eukaryotic translation initiation factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOE, nuclear Overhauser enhancement; Author-Supplied Keyword: OB, oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: ss-, singe-stranded; Author-Supplied Keyword: TIR, terminally inverted repeat; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodi, Diane J.
AU  - Soares, Alexei S.
AU  - Makowski, Lee
T1  - Quantitative Assessment of Peptide Sequence Diversity in M13 Combinatorial Peptide Phage Display Libraries
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/10/04/
VL  - 322
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1039
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Novel statistical methods have been developed and used to quantitate and annotate the sequence diversity within combinatorial peptide libraries on the basis of small numbers (1–200) of sequences selected at random from commercially available M13 p3-based phage display libraries. These libraries behave statistically as though they correspond to populations containing roughly 4.0±1.6% of the random dodecapeptides and 7.9±2.6% of the random constrained heptapeptides that are theoretically possible within the phage populations. Analysis of amino acid residue occurrence patterns shows no demonstrable influence on sequence censorship by Escherichia coli tRNA isoacceptor profiles or either overall codon or Class II codon usage patterns, suggesting no metabolic constraints on recombinant p3 synthesis. There is an overall depression in the occurrence of cysteine, arginine and glycine residues and an overabundance of proline, threonine and histidine residues. The majority of position-dependent amino acid sequence bias is clustered at three positions within the inserted peptides of the dodecapeptide library, +1, +3 and +12 downstream from the signal peptidase cleavage site. Conformational tendency measures of the peptides indicate a significant preference for inserts favoring a β-turn conformation. The observed protein sequence limitations can primarily be attributed to genetic codon degeneracy and signal peptidase cleavage preferences. These data suggest that for applications in which maximal sequence diversity is essential, such as epitope mapping or novel receptor identification, combinatorial peptide libraries should be constructed using codon-corrected trinucleotide cassettes within vector–host systems designed to minimize morphogenesis-related censorship. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - pmf, proton motive force
N1  - Accession Number: 8516977; Rodi, Diane J. 1 Soares, Alexei S. 2 Makowski, Lee 1; Email Address: lmakowski@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Combinatorial Biology Unit, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg 202, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg 463, PO Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 322 Issue 5, p1039; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: pmf, proton motive force; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lashuel, Hilal A.
AU  - Petre, Benjamin M.
AU  - Wall, Joseph
AU  - Simon, Martha
AU  - Nowak, Richard J.
AU  - Walz, Thomas
AU  - Lansbury Jr, Peter T.
T1  - α-Synuclein, Especially the Parkinson's Disease-associated Mutants, Forms Pore-like Annular and Tubular Protofibrils
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/10/04/
VL  - 322
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1089
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Two mutations in the α-synuclein gene (A30P and A53T) have been linked to autosomal dominant early-onset Parkinson''s disease (PD). Both mutations promote the formation of transient protofibrils (prefibrillar oligomers), suggesting that protofibrils are linked to cytotoxicity. In this work, the effect of these mutations on the structure of α-synuclein oligomers was investigated using electron microscopy and digital image processing. The PD-linked mutations (A30P and A53T) were observed to affect both the morphology and the size distribution of α-synuclein protofibrils (measured by analytical ultracentrifugation and scanning transmission electron microscopy). The A30P variant was observed to promote the formation of annular, pore-like protofibrils, whereas A53T promotes formation of annular and tubular protofibrillar structures. Wild-type α-synuclein also formed annular protofibrils, but only after extended incubation. The formation of pore-like oligomeric structures may explain the membrane permeabilization activity of α-synuclein protofibrils. These structures may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - PARKINSON'S disease
KW  - AFM, atomic force microscopy
KW  - AU, analytical ultracentrifugation
KW  - EM, electron microscopy
KW  - GF, gel filtration
KW  - HM, high molecular mass
KW  - M, molecular mass
KW  - PD, Parkinson's disease
KW  - PFs, protofibrils
KW  - PK, proteinase K
KW  - STEM, scanning transmission electron microscopy
KW  - SVAU, sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation
KW  - WT, wild-type human α-synuclein
N1  - Accession Number: 8516982; Lashuel, Hilal A. 1 Petre, Benjamin M. 2 Wall, Joseph 3 Simon, Martha 3 Nowak, Richard J. 1 Walz, Thomas 2 Lansbury Jr, Peter T. 1; Email Address: plansbury@rics.bwh.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Partners Research Bldg, 65 Landsdowne St., Room 451, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 463, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 322 Issue 5, p1089; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: PARKINSON'S disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM, atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: AU, analytical ultracentrifugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: EM, electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: GF, gel filtration; Author-Supplied Keyword: HM, high molecular mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: M, molecular mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: PD, Parkinson's disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: PFs, protofibrils; Author-Supplied Keyword: PK, proteinase K; Author-Supplied Keyword: STEM, scanning transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: SVAU, sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: WT, wild-type human α-synuclein; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davies, Richard W.
AU  - Vetrano, John S.
AU  - Smith, Mark T.
AU  - Pitman, Stan G.
T1  - Mechanical properties of aluminum tailor welded blanks at superplastic temperatures
JO  - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
JF  - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
Y1  - 2002/10/06/
VL  - 128
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
SN  - 09240136
AB  - This paper describes an investigation of the mechanical properties of weld material in aluminum tailor welded blanks (TWBs) at superplastic temperatures and discusses the potential application of TWBs in superplastic forming operations. Aluminum TWBs consist of multiple sheet materials of different thicknesses or alloys that are butt-welded together into a single, variable thickness blank. To evaluate the performance of the weld material in TWBs, a series of tensile tests were conducted at superplastic temperatures with specimens that contained weld material in the gage area. The sheet material used in the study was SKY 5083 aluminum alloy, which was joined to produce the TWBs by gas tungsten arc welding using an AA5356 filler wire. The experimental results show that, in the temperature range of 500–550 °C and at strain rates ranging from 10−4  to 10−2 s−1, the weld material has a higher flow stress and lower ductility than the monolithic sheet material. The weld material exhibited elongations of 40–60% under these conditions, whereas the monolithic sheet achieved 220–360% elongation. At the same temperatures and strain rates, the weld material exhibited flow stresses 1.3–4 times greater than the flow stress in the monolithic sheet. However, the weld material did show a substantial increase in the strain rate sensitivity when compared to the same material formed at room temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SUPERPLASTICITY
KW  - WELDING
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Automotive
KW  - Superplastic
KW  - Weld
N1  - Accession Number: 7884688; Davies, Richard W.; Email Address: rich.davies@pnl.gov Vetrano, John S. 1 Smith, Mark T. 1 Pitman, Stan G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 128 Issue 1-3, p38; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SUPERPLASTICITY; Subject Term: WELDING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automotive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superplastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weld; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
T1  - The fruition of 4f discovery, the interplay of basic and applied research
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2002/10/07/
VL  - 344
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
SN  - 09258388
AB  - A broad base of knowledge is necessary for the successful solution to applied problems, but on the other hand, developing such practical solutions can open the door to new and exciting adventures in basic research. Several such synergistic events are briefly described. These include the design and development of magnetic refrigerant materials (1) for the liquefaction of H2 gas, and (2) for near-room temperature cooling and refrigeration; and (3) the design and development of cryocooler regenerator materials. The first led to the discovery of both supercooling and superheating in the same substance (Dy and Er); the second to the discovery of the giant magnetocaloric effect, the colossal magnetostriction, and the giant magnetoresistance in the same substance [Gd5(SixGe1−x)4]; and the third the disappearance of three of the four magnetically ordered phases in Er by Pr additions in both high purity Er and commercial grade Er. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery -- Research
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Dysprosium
KW  - Erbium
KW  - Gd5(SixGe1−x)4
KW  - Magnetic refrigeration
KW  - Magnetocaloric effect
KW  - Pr-doped Er alloys
KW  - Regenerator materials
KW  - Supercooling
KW  - Superheating
N1  - Accession Number: 7892360; Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 1; Email Address: cagey@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 344 Issue 1/2, p356; Subject Term: REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery -- Research; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dysprosium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erbium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gd5(SixGe1−x)4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic refrigeration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetocaloric effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pr-doped Er alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regenerator materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superheating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennaceur, K.
AU  - Berger, J.F.
AU  - Ducomet, B.
T1  - Coupling to the continuous spectrum and HFB approximation
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/10/07/
VL  - 708
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We propose a new method to solve the Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov equations for weakly bound nuclei whose purpose is to improve the treatment of the continuum when a finite range two-body interaction is used. We replace the traditional expansion on a discrete harmonic oscillator basis by a mixed eigenfunction expansion associated with a potential that explicitly includes a continuous spectrum. We overcome the problem of continuous spectrum discretization by using a resonance expansion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HARTREE-Fock approximation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Finite-range interaction
KW  - Hartree–Fock calculation
KW  - Unstable nuclei
N1  - Accession Number: 7858955; Bennaceur, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: k.bennaceur@ipnl.in2p3.fr Berger, J.F. 4 Ducomet, B. 4; Affiliation:  1: IPN Lyon, CNRS IN2P3 Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: CEA-Département de Physique Théorique et Appliquée, BP 12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Chatel, France; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 708 Issue 3/4, p205; Subject Term: HARTREE-Fock approximation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite-range interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hartree–Fock calculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unstable nuclei; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iancu, Edmond
AU  - Itakura, Kazunori
AU  - McLerran, Larry
T1  - Geometric scaling above the saturation scale
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/10/07/
VL  - 708
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We show that the evolution equations in QCD predict geometric scaling for quark and gluon distribution functions in a large kinematical window, which extends above the saturation scale up to momenta <f>Q2</f> of order <f>100 GeV2</f>. For <f>Q2<Q2s</f>, with <f>Qs</f> the saturation momentum, this is the scaling predicted by the Colour Glass Condensate and by phenomenological saturation models. For <f>1&lsim;ln(Q2/Qs2)≪ln(Qs2/Λ2QCD)</f>, we show that the solution to the BFKL equation shows approximate scaling, with the scale set by <f>Qs</f>. At larger <f>Q2</f>, this solution does not scale any longer. We argue that for the intermediate values of <f>Q2</f> where we find scaling, the BFKL rather than the double logarithmic approximation to the DGLAP equation properly describes the dynamics. We consider both fixed and running couplings, with the scale for running set by the saturation momentum. The anomalous dimension which characterizes the approach of the gluon distribution function towards saturation is found to be close to, but lower than, one half. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - GLUONS
N1  - Accession Number: 7858962; Iancu, Edmond 1; Email Address: iancu@spht.saclay.cea.fr Itakura, Kazunori 1,2 McLerran, Larry 3; Affiliation:  1: Service de Physique Theorique, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Nuclear Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 708 Issue 3/4, p327; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: GLUONS; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Arellano-López, A.R.
AU  - Meléndez-Martínez, J.J.
AU  - Cruse, T.A.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
T1  - Compressive creep of mullite containing Y2O3
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/10/09/
VL  - 50
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4325
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Compressive creep of mullite and mullite containing 5 and 9 wt% Y2O3 has been investigated in the temperature range of 1300–1400 °C over stresses between &ap;0.6 and 40 MPa in air. The nominally single-phase mullite deforms by diffusional flow with a stress exponent of 1 (for higher stresses) and an activation energy of <f>385±20 kJ/mol.</f> It is likely that the rate-controlling diffusing species is oxygen. Creep of the Y2O3-containing specimens was similar to that of the pure mullite at 1300 °C. Near and above the temperature at which melting was observed in DTA, the Y2O3-containing specimens crept significantly faster than the pure mullite. Models of creep of materials that contain a glass phase can explain most, but not all, of the observed behavior. Creep rates were not significantly affected by partial crystallization of the glass to Y2Si2O7, but the crystallized specimens exhibited cavitation at larger strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MULLITE
KW  - METALS -- Creep
KW  - YTTRIUM
KW  - Creep
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Structural ceramics
N1  - Accession Number: 7879370; de Arellano-López, A.R. 1; Email Address: aral@us.es Meléndez-Martínez, J.J. 1 Cruse, T.A. 2 Koritala, R.E. 2 Routbort, J.L. 2 Goretta, K.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Depto de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, P.O. Box 1065, 41080 Sevilla, Spain  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, lL 60439-4838, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 50 Issue 17, p4325; Subject Term: MULLITE; Subject Term: METALS -- Creep; Subject Term: YTTRIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural ceramics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jamet, Didier
AU  - Torres, David
AU  - Brackbill, J. U.
T1  - On the Theory and Computation of Surface Tension: The Elimination of Parasitic Currents through Energy Conservation in the Second-Gradient Method
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2002/10/10/
VL  - 182
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Errors in the computation of fluid flows with surface tension are examined. These errors cause large parasitic flows when the capillary number is large and have often been attributed to truncation error in underresolved interfacial regions. A study using the second-gradient method reveals that when truncation error is eliminated in the computation of energy exchanges between surface and kinetic energies so that energy is strictly conserved, the parasitic currents are reduced to round-off. The results are based on general thermodynamic arguments and can be used to guide improvements in other methods, such as the continuum-surface-force (CSF) method, which is commonly used with the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9194054; Jamet, Didier 1 Torres, David 2 Brackbill, J. U. 3; Affiliation:  1: Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France<fn id="f1"><no>f1</no>jamet@cea.fr</fn>  2: Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France<fn id="f2"><no>f2</no>dtorres@lanl.gov</fn>  3: Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France<fn id="f3"><no>f3</no>jub@lanl.gov</fn>; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 182 Issue 1, p262; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jcph.2002.7165
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kusenko, Alexander
AU  - Postma, Marieke
T1  - Neutrino production in matter with time-dependent density or velocity
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/10/10/
VL  - 545
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 238
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We show that neutrinos can be produced through standard electroweak interactions in matter with time-dependent density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 7884801; Kusenko, Alexander 1,2; Email Address: kusenko@ucla.edu Postma, Marieke 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 545 Issue 3/4, p238; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevenson, P.D.
AU  - Rikovska Stone, J.
AU  - Strayer, M.R.
T1  - Mean field calculation of Ne, Mg and Si nuclei at <f>N=20</f> with the separable monopole interaction
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/10/10/
VL  - 545
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A new model has been developed to study nuclei using many-body perturbation theory with a density dependent separable monopole nucleon–nucleon interaction (SMO) [Phys. Rev. C 63 (2001) 054309; P.D. Stevenson, D.Ph. Thesis, Oxford 1999; Phys. Rev. C 65 (2002) 064312]. The model is in the zeroth order an alternative to mean-field models based on more conventional effective nucleon–nucleon interactions (e.g., Skyrme, Gogny). Results on shapes and related ground state observables are reported for even–even Ne, Mg, and Si nuclei with <f>N∼20</f>. The model predicts the weakening of the expected <f>N=20</f> shell closure in Ne isotopes and its disappearance in Mg nuclei in full agreement with experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Mean-field
KW  - Separable interaction
KW  - Shell closures
N1  - Accession Number: 7884807; Stevenson, P.D. 1,2; Email Address: p.stevenson@surrey.ac.uk Rikovska Stone, J. 2,3 Strayer, M.R. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK  2: Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  4: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6373, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 545 Issue 3/4, p291; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mean-field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Separable interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shell closures; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kharzeev, D.
AU  - Krasnitz, A.
AU  - Venugopalan, R.
T1  - Anomalous chirality fluctuations in the initial stage of heavy ion collisions and parity odd bubbles
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/10/10/
VL  - 545
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 298
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We compute numerically the topological charge distribution in the initial stage of a high energy heavy ion collision. This charge distribution is generated by Chern–Simons number fluctuations associated with the dynamics of strong classical fields in the initial state. The distribution is found to be quite narrow at RHIC and LHC energies; we argue that this is a consequence of the strict boost invariance of the initial field configurations. A substantial generation of topological charge, as required in the P-odd bubble scenario [D. Kharzeev, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 512], can only occur if strict boost invariance is lost in the later stages of the collision. This could be naturally achieved if the system approaches thermalization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Anomaly
KW  - Lattice simulations
KW  - Sphalerons
N1  - Accession Number: 7884808; Kharzeev, D. 1; Email Address: kharzeev@bnl.gov Krasnitz, A. 2; Email Address: krasnitz@ualg.pt Venugopalan, R. 1,3; Email Address: raju@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: CENTRA and Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, P-8000 Faro, Portugal  3: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 545 Issue 3/4, p298; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anomaly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sphalerons; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Fred
AU  - Savage, Van M.
T1  - Dynamics of the chiral phase transition in the <f>(2+1)</f>-dimensional Gross–Neveu model
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/10/10/
VL  - 545
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The phase diagram of the Gross–Neveu (GN) model in <f>2+1</f> dimensions as a function of chemical potential and temperature has a simple curve separating the broken symmetry and unbroken symmetry phases, with chiral symmetry being restored both at high temperature and high density. We study, in leading order in the <f>1/N</f> expansion, the dynamics of the chiral phase transition for an expanding plasma of quarks in the Gross–Neveu model in <f>2+1</f> dimensions assuming boost invariant kinematics. We compare the time evolution of the order parameter (mass of the fermion) for evolutions starting in the unbroken and broken phases. The proper time evolution of the order parameter resembles previous results in the <f>(1+1)</f>-dimensional GN model in the same approximation. The time needed to traverse the transition is insensitive to <f>μ</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - 03.70.+k
N1  - Accession Number: 7884809; Cooper, Fred 1; Email Address: fcooper@lanl.gov Savage, Van M. 1,2; Email Address: vsavage@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: T-8, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 545 Issue 3/4, p307; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.70.+k; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roberts, J.G.
AU  - Van Hove, M.A.
AU  - Somorjai, G.A.
T1  - Surface structural analysis of LiF(<f>1 0 0</f>) thin films grown on Pt(<f>1 1 1</f>)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/10/10/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The surface structure of a multilayer LiF(1 0 0) thin film grown on Pt(1 1 1) from the vapor has been determined by the automated tensor low energy electron diffraction method. The final structure, which refined to a Pendry R-factor (<f>RP</f>) of 0.24, had a surface corrugation (<f>Δ1</f>) of <f>0.24±0.04</f> A˚ due to the Li<f>+</f> being displaced towards the bulk, leaving the initially coplanar F− unshifted. A similar intralayer corrugation due to the movement of the Li<f>+</f> was also observed in the layer immediately under the surface layer, although to a lesser degree: <f>Δ2=0.07±0.04</f> A˚. This asymmetric relaxation resulted in the reduction of the first interlayer spacing, d(F2–Li1), to <f>1.77±0.06</f> A˚ from the ideal value of 2.01 A˚. The second interlayer spacing, d(Li3–F2), was within error bars of the bulk value, 2.01 A˚. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LOW energy electron diffraction
KW  - ALKALI metal halides
KW  - INSULATING materials
KW  - Alkali halides
KW  - Insulating films
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 7881359; Roberts, J.G. 1,2 Van Hove, M.A. 2,3,4; Email Address: vanhove@lbl.gov Somorjai, G.A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p49; Subject Term: LOW energy electron diffraction; Subject Term: ALKALI metal halides; Subject Term: INSULATING materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkali halides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulating films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gómez-Balderas, R.
AU  - Oviedo-Roa, R.
AU  - Martınez-Magadán, J.M.
AU  - Amador, C.
AU  - Dixon, D.A.
T1  - A comparative DFT study of the catalytic activity of the 3d transition metal sulphides surfaces
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/10/10/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The catalytic activity of the first transition metal series sulphides for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactions exhibits a particular behaviour when analysed as a function of the metal position in the Periodic Table. This work reports a comparative study of the electronic structure of the bulk and of the (0 0 1) metal surface (assumed to be the reactive surface) for the Sc–Zn monosulphides. The systems were modelled using the NiAs prototype crystal structure for the bulk and by applying the supercell model with seven atomic layers for the (0 0 1) surfaces. The electronic structure of closed-packed solids code based on the density-functional theory and adopting the muffin-tin approximation to the potential was employed in the calculations of the electronic properties. For the Co and Ni sulphides, the density of states (DOS) variations between the metal atom present in the bulk and the ones exposed at the surface show that at the surface, there exists a higher DOS in the occupied states region just below the Fermi level. This feature might indicate a good performance of these two metal sulphides as substrates in the HDS reactions favouring a donation, back-donation mechanism. In contrast, the DOS at the surface of Mn is increased in the unoccupied states region, just above the Fermi level. This suggests the possibility of a strong interaction with charge donating sulphur adsorbate atoms poisoning the active substrate surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - SULFIDES
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Sulphides
N1  - Accession Number: 7881370; Gómez-Balderas, R. 1,2 Oviedo-Roa, R. 3 Martınez-Magadán, J.M. 2,3; Email Address: mmartine@www.imp.mx Amador, C. 1 Dixon, D.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Fısica y Quımica Teórica, Edif. B, Facultad de Quımica, UNAM, Circuito Escolar, Cd. Universitaria, México D.F. 04510, Mexico  2: Departamento de Ciencias Quımicas (Fisicoquımica), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Av. 1° de Mayo S/N, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo. de México 54740, Mexico  3: Programa de Ingenierıa Molecular, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152, México D.F. 07730, Mexico  4: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p163; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: SULFIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulphides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siino, Joseph S.
AU  - Nazarov, Igor B.
AU  - Svetlova, Maria P.
AU  - Solovjeva, Lioudmila V.
AU  - Adamson, Roger H.
AU  - Zalenskaya, Irina A.
AU  - Yau, Peter M.
AU  - Morton Bradbury, E.
AU  - Tomilin, Nikolai V.
T1  - Photobleaching of GFP-labeled H2AX in chromatin: H2AX has low diffusional mobility in the nucleus
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 297
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1318
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - The Ser-139 phosphorylated form of replacement histone H2AX (<f>γ</f>-H2AX) is induced within large chromatin domains by double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in mammalian chromosomes. This modification is known to be important for the maintenance of chromosome stability. However, the mechanism of <f>γ</f>-H2AX formation at DSBs and its subsequent elimination during DSB repair remains unknown. <f>γ</f>-H2AX formation and elimination could occur by direct phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of H2AX in situ in the chromatin. Alternatively, H2AX molecules could be phosphorylated freely in the nucleus, diffuse into chromatin regions containing DSBs and then diffuse out after DNA repair. In this study we show that free histone H2AX can be efficiently phosphorylated in vitro by nuclear extracts and that free <f>γ</f>-H2AX can be dephosphorylated in vitro by the mammalian protein phosphatase 1-<f>α</f>. We made N-terminal fusion constructs of H2AX with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and studied their diffusional mobility in transient and stable cell transfections. In the absence or presence of DSBs, only a small fraction of GFP-H2AX is redistributed after photobleaching, indicating that in vivo this histone is essentially immobile in chromatin. This suggests that <f>γ</f>-H2AX formation in chromatin is unlikely to occur by diffusion of free histone and <f>γ</f>-H2AX dephosphorylation may involve the mammalian protein phosphatase 1<f>α</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HISTONES
KW  - CHROMATIN
KW  - DOUBLE-stranded RNA
KW  - Chromatin
KW  - GFP
KW  - H2AX
KW  - Histone variant
KW  - Phosphatase PP1<f>α</f>
N1  - Accession Number: 8517431; Siino, Joseph S. 1 Nazarov, Igor B. 1,2 Svetlova, Maria P. 2 Solovjeva, Lioudmila V. 2 Adamson, Roger H. 3 Zalenskaya, Irina A. 1 Yau, Peter M. 1 Morton Bradbury, E. 1,4 Tomilin, Nikolai V. 1,2; Email Address: nvtom@mail.ru; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Department of Chromosome Stability, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia  3: Department of Human Physiology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Bioscience Division, MSM 888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 297 Issue 5, p1318; Subject Term: HISTONES; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; Subject Term: DOUBLE-stranded RNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromatin; Author-Supplied Keyword: GFP; Author-Supplied Keyword: H2AX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Histone variant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphatase PP1<f>α</f>; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, C.L.
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Gomes, I.
AU  - Heinz, A.M.
AU  - Nolen, J.
AU  - Rehm, K.E.
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Schiffer, J.P.
T1  - Yield calculations for a facility for short-lived nuclear beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 492
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Yields for a broad range of radioactive nuclei produced by spallation reactions, neutron-induced fission, in-flight projectile fragmentation and in-flight fission have been calculated for beams of stable nuclei at energies of 100–<f>1000 MeV/u</f>. Calculations of cross-sections and yields, attenuation effects due to absorption, production from secondary reactions, and transport efficiencies for mass selection are discussed. Rare isotope yields as functions of bombarding energies for both reaccelerated and directly produced fast-fragmentation beams are presented. This information provides a foundation for a cost-effective design of a next generation rare isotope accelerator. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - ISOTOPE separation
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Beam fragmentation
KW  - In-flight fission
KW  - Isotope production
KW  - Isotope separation on-line
KW  - Radioactive beams
KW  - Thick target effects
N1  - Accession Number: 7890945; Jiang, C.L.; Email Address: back@anl.gov Back, B.B. 1 Gomes, I. 1 Heinz, A.M. 1 Nolen, J. 1 Rehm, K.E. 1 Savard, G. 1 Schiffer, J.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Physics Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 492 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: ISOTOPE separation; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-flight fission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope separation on-line; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thick target effects; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plum, M.A.
AU  - Bravin, E.
AU  - Bosser, J.
AU  - Maccaferri, R.
T1  - N2 and Xe gas scintillation cross-section, spectrum, and lifetime measurements from 50 MeV to 25 GeV at the CERN PS and Booster
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 492
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Beam parameters in CERN''s Proton Synchrotron (PS) accelerator must be controlled (and measured) with tighter precision than ever before to meet the stringent requirements of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) program. A non-destructive beam profile measurement system would be a valuable diagnostic tool. To this end, we measured N2 and Xe gas scintillation absolute cross-sections and lifetimes for proton beam energies from 1.4 to 25 GeV kinetic energy, which should prove valuable in the design and construction of a gas scintillation profile measurement system. We also measured relative cross-sections for proton beam energies between 0.05 and 1.4 GeV kinetic energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON synchrotrons
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Cross-section
KW  - Diagnostic
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Scintillation
KW  - Xenon
N1  - Accession Number: 7890946; Plum, M.A. 1; Email Address: plum@lanl.gov Bravin, E. 2 Bosser, J. 2 Maccaferri, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), MS H838, SNS-DO, 87544 Los Alamos, NM 87454, USA  2: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 492 Issue 1/2, p74; Subject Term: PROTON synchrotrons; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-section; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diagnostic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beccherle, R.
AU  - Darbo, G.
AU  - Gagliardi, G.
AU  - Gemme, C.
AU  - Morettini, P.
AU  - Musico, P.
AU  - Osculati, B.
AU  - Oppizzi, P.
AU  - Pratolongo, F.
AU  - Ruscino, E.
AU  - Schiavi, C.
AU  - Vernocchi, F.
AU  - Blanquart, L.
AU  - Einsweiler, K.
AU  - Meddeler, G.
AU  - Richardson, J.
AU  - Comes, G.
AU  - Fischer, P.
AU  - Calvet, D.
AU  - Boyd, R.
T1  - MCC: the Module Controller Chip for the ATLAS Pixel Detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 492
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In this article we describe the architecture of the Module Controller Chip for the ATLAS Pixel Detector. The project started in 1997 with the definition of the system specifications. A first fully-working rad-soft prototype was designed in 1998, while a radiation hard version was submitted in 2000. The 1998 version was used to build pixel detector modules. Results from those modules and from the simulated performance in ATLAS are reported. In the article we also describe the hardware/software tools developed to test the MCC performance at the LHC event rate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - ASIC
KW  - ATLAS
KW  - LHC
KW  - Radiation hardness
KW  - Silicon pixel detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 7890950; Beccherle, R. 1 Darbo, G. 1; Email Address: giovanni.darbo@ge.infn.it Gagliardi, G. 1 Gemme, C. 1 Morettini, P. 1 Musico, P. 1 Osculati, B. 1 Oppizzi, P. 1 Pratolongo, F. 1 Ruscino, E. 1 Schiavi, C. 1 Vernocchi, F. 1 Blanquart, L. 2 Einsweiler, K. 2 Meddeler, G. 2 Richardson, J. 2 Comes, G. 3 Fischer, P. 3 Calvet, D. 4 Boyd, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: INFN, Sezione di Genova, Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany  4: Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 492 Issue 1/2, p117; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Author-Supplied Keyword: ASIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATLAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon pixel detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasnah, M.
AU  - Oltulu, O.
AU  - Zhong, Z.
AU  - Chapman, D.
T1  - Single-exposure simultaneous diffraction-enhanced imaging
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 492
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new method of acquiring and analyzing diffraction-enhanced images (DEI) is presented. This method has been performed at the National Synchrotron Light Source and is based on using a novel two-crystal analyzer (Laue and Bragg analyzer). This system delivers simultaneously a pair of images with differing refraction sensitivity that is necessary for extracting absorption and refraction information using the DEI method. Although the system is not as flux efficient as a DEI system using a Bragg analyzer, it eliminates problems associated with object motion in between exposures. The system, method of interpreting the results and illustrative examples of experiments are presented and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 7890966; Hasnah, M. 1; Email Address: hasnmou@iit.edu Oltulu, O. 1 Zhong, Z. 2 Chapman, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biological, Chemical and Physical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, CSRRI, 3101 South Dearborn, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 75 Technology, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 492 Issue 1/2, p236; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyers, J.S.
AU  - Chumbley, L.S.
AU  - Laabs, F.
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
T1  - Determination of phases in as prepared Gd5(Si<f>x</f>Ge<f>1−x</f>)4, where <f>x≅1/2</f>
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 47
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 509
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Phase identification of Gd5(Si1.95Ge2.05), produced using commercial grade Gd and induction melting, showed that various contaminant and second phases were produced along with the desired Gd5(Si1.95Ge2.05) matrix. These phases included Gd1(Si,Ge)1, Ta2Si crystals that are a result of reaction with the crucible, and a Widmansta¨tten structure of Gd5(Si,Ge)3 rods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - Gd5Si2Ge2
KW  - Intermetallic
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Rare earth
KW  - Scanning electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9097296; Meyers, J.S. 1,2; Email Address: jmeyers@iastate.edu Chumbley, L.S. 1,2 Laabs, F. 1 Pecharsky, A.O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 206 Wilhelm, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 47 Issue 8, p509; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gd5Si2Ge2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Bader, S.D.
T1  - Preface to the viewpoint set on: nanostructured permanent magnets
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 47
IS  - 8
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 527
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The present viewpoint set is on development of nanocomposite permanent magnets. A persistent theme is that such materials are inherently multiphase and interdispersed on the nanoscale, and that major improvements are indeed possible and accessible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - Coercivity
KW  - Giant magnetoresistance
KW  - Hard magnets
KW  - Magnetic properties
KW  - Nanocrystalline materials
N1  - Accession Number: 9097299; Bader, S.D. 1; Email Address: bader@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division––Bldg. 223, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 47 Issue 8, p527; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coercivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Giant magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline materials; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Branagan, D.J.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Dennis, K.W.
AU  - McCallum, R.W.
T1  - Low temperature hysteresis in high anisotropy systems
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 47
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
SN  - 13596462
AB  - This paper is focused on understanding hysteresis in Dy<f>3</f>Al<f>2</f>, which is a member of a class of high anisotropy compounds containing high fractions of rare earth elements with no 3-d transition metals. Analysis of the data suggests that the principal domain wall pinning mechanism does not involve the grain boundaries but instead arises from interactions between either the ferromagnetic glass or the ferromagnetic Dy<f>3</f>Al<f>2</f> phase with the antiferromagnetic DyAl second phase through an exchange bias mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - MELT spinning
KW  - Coercivity
KW  - Hard magnets
KW  - Magnetic properties
KW  - Melt spinning
KW  - Rare earth
N1  - Accession Number: 9097301; Branagan, D.J. 1; Email Address: brandj@inel.gov Kramer, M.J. 2 Dennis, K.W. 2 McCallum, R.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Bechtel BWXT Idaho LLC, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 47 Issue 8, p537; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: MELT spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coercivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melt spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Tang, Y.
AU  - Dennis, K.W.
AU  - McCallum, R.W.
T1  - Microstructural refinement in melt-spun Nd<f>2</f>Fe<f>14</f>B
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 47
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 557
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The phase selection process during solidification of Nd<f>2</f>Fe<f>14</f>B melt-spun alloys is highly dependent on a few processing parameters. The processing variables that determine the three typical microstructures of melt-spun ribbons are described and a general peritectic rapid solidification model incorporating recalescence is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MELT spinning
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - Nd–Fe–B
KW  - Permanent magnets
KW  - Recalescence
KW  - Solidification
N1  - Accession Number: 9097304; Kramer, M.J. 1; Email Address: mjkramer@ameslab.gov Lewis, L.H. 2 Tang, Y. 1 Dennis, K.W. 1 McCallum, R.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, USDOE and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 37 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Energy Science and Technology Department, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 47 Issue 8, p557; Subject Term: MELT spinning; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nd–Fe–B; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permanent magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recalescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solidification; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, J.S.
AU  - Bader, S.D.
T1  - Magnetic reversal in thin film exchange-spring magnets
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/10/11/
VL  - 47
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Exchange-spring magnets based on the interfacial coupling of soft and hard ferromagnetic nanocomposites have the potential to outperform existing commercial permanent magnets. We present investigations of the magnetic reversal behavior in epitaxial thin film exchange-spring structures that consist of sputtered hard (Sm–Co) and soft (Fe, Co) magnetic layers. The results illustrate close correlations between the magnetic behavior and the microstructure and spin configuration of the hard layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Hard magnets
KW  - Magnetic properties
KW  - Nanocomposite
KW  - Nanocrystalline materials
KW  - Soft magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 9097305; Jiang, J.S. 1 Bader, S.D.; Email Address: bader@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division 223, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 47 Issue 8, p563; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocomposite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft magnets; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Verity, P.G.
AU  - Bauer, J.E.
AU  - Flagg, C.N.
AU  - DeMaster, D.J.
AU  - Repeta, D.J.
T1  - The Ocean Margins Program: an interdisciplinary study of carbon sources, transformations, and sinks in a temperate continental margin system
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4273
SN  - 09670645
AB  - The cycling of carbon on the US east coast shelf and upper slope has been studied for 20 years in a variety of interdisciplinary programs focused on the Mid and South Atlantic Bights. The culmination of this research was a comprehensive field study conducted in 1996 to ascertain whether the Cape Hatteras shelf was a net source or sink for atmospheric CO2, and the associated transformations and pathways of inorganic and organic carbon. The rationale, objectives, design, and overview of the Ocean Margins Program are given here as a framework to interpret the results of the papers presented in this special issue. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Continental margins -- United States
KW  - South Atlantic Bight
KW  - Mid-Atlantic Bight
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8779467; Verity, P.G. 1; Email Address: peter@skio.peachnet.edu; Bauer, J.E. 2; Flagg, C.N. 3; DeMaster, D.J. 4; Repeta, D.J. 5; Affiliations: 1: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, GA 31411, USA; 2: School of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 4: Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; 5: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 49 Issue 20, p4273; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Subject Term: Continental margins -- United States; Subject: South Atlantic Bight; Subject: Mid-Atlantic Bight; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flagg, Charles N.
AU  - Pietrafesa, Leonard J.
AU  - Weatherly, Georges L.
T1  - Springtime hydrography of the southern Middle Atlantic Bight and the onset of seasonal stratification
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4297
SN  - 09670645
AB  - The Ocean Margins Program was a major multi-disciplinary observational effort in the southern Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB), focusing on the transformation, retention, and export of biogenic materials from the shelf. The observational effort peaked in the spring and summer of 1996 with four ship-based surveys, augmented by an array of 26 moorings supporting 126 temperature and 118 salinity sensors. The data from the cruises and moored array are used to describe how the springtime hydrographic evolution takes place in an area in which five water masses locally vie for dominance and that is subject to strong wind stress, heat flux, and offshore forcing. The results show that the region is subject to large-scale intrusions from both the north and south, which materially affect the timing and development of stratified conditions. The intrusions from the north are wind driven and provide cold, moderately saline, unstratifed water, delaying the development of stratified conditions. Intrusions also occur from the south, where warmer and generally more saline waters from the South Atlantic Bight are driven into the area by alongshore winds and/or intrusions of Gulf Stream waters pushed shoreward by Gulf Stream frontal eddies. In 1996, an intrusion of saline water from the south, combined with a reversal of the alongshore winds from the north, slowed the southward flow of cold MAB water, and subsequently caused low-salinity Virginia Coastal Waters to spread out from the coastal plume over the denser water from the north. With the reduced alongshelf flow and an initial stratification provided by the low-salinity coastal water, solar insolation and sensible heat fluxes were then able to warm the surface layer, permanently establishing the seasonal thermocline/halocline for the area not directly impacted by intrusions from the Gulf Stream and South Atlantic Bight. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrographic surveying
KW  - Continental margins -- United States
KW  - Gulf Stream
KW  - Mid-Atlantic Bight
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8779468; Flagg, Charles N. 1; Pietrafesa, Leonard J. 2; Weatherly, Georges L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 2: Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; 3: Department of Oceanography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 49 Issue 20, p4297; Subject Term: Hydrographic surveying; Subject Term: Continental margins -- United States; Subject Term: Gulf Stream; Subject: Mid-Atlantic Bight; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541370 Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pietrafesa, L.J.
AU  - Flagg, C.N.
AU  - Xie, L.
AU  - Weatherly, G.L.
AU  - Morrison, J.M.
T1  - The winter/spring 1996 OMP current, meteorological, sea state and coastal sea level fields
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4331
SN  - 09670645
AB  - The time series of atmospheric winds, coastal sea level, surface gravity waves, currents, water temperature, and salinity for the period February–May 1996 across the OMP moored array defined a well-organized physical oceanographic system. The M2 tide, a frictionally modified Poincare wave, was manifested as a clockwise-rotating, elliptically polarized wave, with predominantly cross-shelf orientation of the ellipse, and an axis ratio of ∼0.6 in upper layer waters and in offshore waters. However, bottom friction compressed and rotated the tidal ellipses in shallow and near-bottom waters. Elliptically polarized, clockwise-rotating motions were evident at near-inertial (∼20 h) and diurnal (∼24 h) periods. The wind field was dominated by 2–14 day events centered about 4–8 days. Due to the location and track of mesoscale atmospheric events, the wind field over the southern portion of the array was far more energetic than over the northern portion. The winds prior to 17 April had higher variances than after 17 April. Sub-diurnal frequency currents were dynamically responsive to the wind field at all locations and were stronger in the southern portion of the array. The shelf-wide, southward drift of Middle Atlantic Bight waters contributed to the weekly to monthly scales of motion. Shelf-wide, the record length means were generally southward, with an offshore component in near-bottom waters. However, a significant finding was that near the 21 m isobath on the north line of moorings, just south of the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, the mean flow was into the Bay, providing a means for the import of marine sediment into the estuary. In the southeastern-most corner of the array, north of Diamond Shoals in 36 m of water, the flows were persistently directed offshore. Following southward wind events, an inability to propagate Kelvin waves northward along the coast traps a buildup of water against Diamond Shoals such that the only way for it to relax is through a geostrophically balanced offshore transport of shelf waters. The Chesapeake Bay Plume and Middle Atlantic Bight Waters often breached Diamond Shoals and invaded the South Atlantic Bight during the passage of movement northward with southward-directed wind events, particularly extra-tropical cyclones. Following the mid-April transition to persistent northward winds, Carolina Capes Water moved northward across Diamond Shoals and induced a transition from well-mixed wintertime to vertically stratified summertime hydrographic conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oceanography -- Atlantic Ocean
KW  - Ocean waves -- Atlantic Ocean
KW  - Continental margins -- United States
KW  - Atlantic Ocean
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8779469; Pietrafesa, L.J. 1; Flagg, C.N. 2; Xie, L. 3; Weatherly, G.L. 4; Morrison, J.M. 3; Affiliations: 1: College of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; 2: Department of Environmental Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 3: Department of Marine, Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; 4: Department of Oceanography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 49 Issue 20, p4331; Subject Term: Oceanography -- Atlantic Ocean; Subject Term: Ocean waves -- Atlantic Ocean; Subject Term: Continental margins -- United States; Subject: Atlantic Ocean; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lohrenz, Steven E.
AU  - Redalje, Donald G.
AU  - Verity, Peter G.
AU  - Flagg, Charles N.
AU  - Matulewski, Kenneth V.
T1  - Primary production on the continental shelf off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4479
SN  - 09670645
AB  - Distributions of primary production and chlorophyll size structure were examined in relationship to hydrographic properties during March and July 1996 in continental shelf waters off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Chlorophyll concentrations ranged highest (>10 mg m−3) during March. Peak values were associated with subsurface maxima near the shelf edge, which were dominated by larger (>8 μm) phytoplankton. In July, chlorophyll concentrations were generally lower with higher proportions associated with the <8 μm size fraction. Primary production was determined using a wavelength-resolved photosynthesis–irradiance model. Model performance was evaluated by comparison of modeled and measured estimates of optical properties and simulated in situ primary production. Regional patterns of primary production determined using the model revealed high water-column-integrated primary production during March (>2.0 g C m−2 d−1) in association with the shelf–slope front. In contrast, highest values in July (>3.0 g C m−2 d−1) were associated with an intrusion of high-salinity, high-nutrient water into the southern portion of the study region. Average shelf-wide productivities were 1.3 g C m−2 d−1 in March and 2.1 g C m−2 d−1 in July. Contemporaneous Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer sea-surface temperature imagery revealed that regions of high productivity were proximal to Gulf Stream circulation features. In March, cross-shelf sections of hydrographic properties and nutrients provided evidence for onshore displacement of the shelf–slope front, apparently related to the combined effects of the strong winds prior to the cruise and the offshore presence of energetic Gulf Stream processes. We speculate that variable forcing, related to the dynamics of the Gulf Stream and wind, resulted in significant frontal displacement and frontal velocity fluctuations leading to enhanced mixing and injection of nutrients across the frontal boundary. In July, Gulf Stream circulation, in conjunction with upwelling favorable conditions, resulted in a subsurface intrusion of high-nutrient water onto the shelf analogous to similar phenomena observed in the South Atlantic Bight. Localized regions of enhanced productivity appear to be quantitatively important in the overall carbon/nitrogen budget of the southern Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - Chlorophyll
KW  - Continental shelf
KW  - Hatteras, Cape (N.C.)
KW  - North Carolina
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8779476; Lohrenz, Steven E. 1; Email Address: steven.lohrenz@usm.edu; Redalje, Donald G. 1; Email Address: donald.redalje@usm.edu; Verity, Peter G. 2; Email Address: peter@skio.peachnet.edu; Flagg, Charles N. 3; Email Address: flagg@bnl.gov; Matulewski, Kenneth V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Marine Science, University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA; 2: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, GA 31411, USA; 3: Bldg 490D, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 49 Issue 20, p4479; Thesaurus Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Chlorophyll; Thesaurus Term: Continental shelf; Subject: Hatteras, Cape (N.C.); Subject: North Carolina; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Redalje, D.G.
AU  - Lohrenz, S.E.
AU  - Verity, P.G.
AU  - Flagg, C.N.
T1  - Phytoplankton dynamics within a discrete water mass off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina: the Lagrangian experiment
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4511
SN  - 09670645
AB  - As part of the Department of Energy Ocean Margins Program, we examined the spatial and temporal variability in primary production and phytoplankton pigments during two cruises to the shelf waters between the Chesapeake Bay and Cape Hatteras. The first cruise was conducted in March 1996, reflecting well-mixed conditions just prior to the spring transition, while the second cruise was conducted during July 1996 when the water column was more stratified. During each cruise, primary production and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pigments for the whole community and <8-μm size fraction were determined for several successive days within a discrete water mass by following a near-surface tracking drogue.In March, production ranged from 0.50 to 0.65 g C m−2 d−1, with 52–62% of the production attributed to the smaller size fraction. About 50% of the total chlorophyll a (chl a) was found in the >8-μm size fraction. Pigment composition was dominated by chlorophylls a, c1 and c2, and fucoxanthin, indicating the importance of diatoms. In July, production was more variable, ranging from 0.38 to 2.09 g C m−2 d−1, with 41–83% of production attributed to the <8-μm size fraction. Rates increased over the 4-day study. Most of the chl a was found in the <8-μm size fraction. The phytoplankton pigments were dominated by chl a and fucoxanthin with chlorophylls c1 and c2, again indicating the importance of diatoms during this cruise.CHEMTAX (Mackey et al. CHEMTAX User''s Manual: a program for estimating class abundances from chemical markers—application to HPLC measurements of phytoplankton pigments. CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Report 229, Hobart, 42 pp.), a factor analysis computer program, was used to examine phytoplankton community structure using marker pigments from our HPLC analyses to determine the relative importance of various taxa. In March, diatoms dominated whole water samples, with consistent contributions from dinoflagellates and cryptophytes. The <8-μm fraction was dominated by small diatoms, chrysophytes, cryptophytes and dinoflagellates. In July, diatoms were still present and important, but prymnesiophytes, cryptophytes and cyanobacteria contributed in both size classes. Correlation analyses indicated that primary production was positively correlated with light and temperature. Chl a biomass was positively correlated with the concentrations of NO2+NO3 and negatively correlated with temperature. These correlations support the observation that temperature played a major role in the phytoplankton dynamics in this shelf ecosystem. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - Biological pigments
KW  - Chesapeake Bay (Md. & Va.)
KW  - Hatteras, Cape (N.C.)
KW  - United States
KW  - North Carolina
N1  - Accession Number: 8779477; Redalje, D.G. 1; Email Address: donald.redalje@usm.edu; Lohrenz, S.E. 1; Verity, P.G. 2; Flagg, C.N. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Marine Science, The University of Southern Mississippi, 1020 Balch Blvd., Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA; 2: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Savannah, GA 31411, USA; 3: Oceanographic and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 49 Issue 20, p4511; Thesaurus Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Subject Term: Biological pigments; Subject: Chesapeake Bay (Md. & Va.); Subject: Hatteras, Cape (N.C.); Subject: United States; Subject: North Carolina; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paffenhöfer, G.-A.
AU  - Flagg, C.N.
T1  - Interannual variability of metazooplankton biomass in ocean margins: late winter vs. summer
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4533
SN  - 09670645
AB  - The main goal of this part of the Department of Energy''s (DOE) Ocean Margin Program (OMP) was to quantify metazooplankton biomass and its composition in relation to hydrographic variables. The study periods were March, and June/July 1994 and 1996. Meteorological forcing was not pronounced during the periods of observation. Hydrographic conditions differed clearly between March 1994 and 1996, which was reflected in zooplankton biomass in the entire water column (mg C m−2), which was higher in 1994 and 1996. There was little difference during summer in hydrographic conditions and metazooplankton biomass between 1994 and 1996. Local biomass maxima were much more pronounced in March than during summer. The magnitudes of biomass abundance in March are close to the highest values encountered elsewhere on continental shelves and slopes. Those in summer only occasionally reflect those of highly productive ocean margins.The composition of dominant taxa hardly varied between the March studies, but differed to some extent between June 1994 and July 1996. The composition of post-naupliar stages of the abundant copepod genera Centropages and Temora differed within seasons, showing different states of reproductive activity. Short-term observations like ours on the abundance, distribution and composition of metazooplankton assemblages provide limited insight into intraseasonal and interannual variability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zooplankton
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Hydrographic surveying
KW  - Continental margins -- United States
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8779478; Paffenhöfer, G.-A. 1; Email Address: cmp@skio.peachnet.edu; Flagg, C.N. 2; Affiliations: 1: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, GA 31411, USA; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 490D, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 49 Issue 20, p4533; Thesaurus Term: Zooplankton; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Subject Term: Hydrographic surveying; Subject Term: Continental margins -- United States; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541370 Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Verity, P.G.
AU  - Redalje, D.G.
AU  - Lohrenz, S.R.
AU  - Flagg, C.
AU  - Hristov, R.
T1  - Coupling between primary production and pelagic consumption in temperate ocean margin pelagic ecosystems
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4553
SN  - 09670645
AB  - Three fates potentially consume primary production occurring on ocean margins: portions can be oxidized within the water column, portions can sediment to shelf/slope depots, and portions can be exported to the interior ocean. Zooplankton mediate all three of these processes and thus can alter the pathway and residence time of particulate organic carbon. As part of both US DOE- and NSF-sponsored studies on the Cape Hatteras and South Atlantic Bight (SAB) shelves, the role of microzooplankton in these processes was determined by measuring phytoplankton production and its consumption by microzooplankton. Grazing and growth rates were measured during 46 dilution incubation experiments using chlorophyll a (chl a) as a proxy for phytoplankton (prey) biomass. Chl a production and grazing were determined for the <200 μm phytoplankton community and also the <8 μm size class. Primary production at Cape Hatteras was determined using H14CO3− incubations during two Lagrangian drifter studies lasting several days in March and July 1996. From similar measurements during cross-shelf transects over larger spatial scales, primary production was also calculated for the Hatteras study area using a wavelength-resolved bio-optical model.Primary production during the Lagrangian studies was generally 0.5–1.0 gC/m2/d in March and 0.5–2.0 gC/m2/d in July. Modeled estimates of primary production for the larger Hatteras study region in March and July averaged 1.8 gC/m2/d. Typically, <8 μm cells contributed one-half or more of primary production. Positive linear regressions described relationships between phytoplankton production measured as changes in chl a and its grazing by microzooplankton. In the dilution experiments conducted throughout the SAB and Hatteras shelves, microzooplankton grazed 65% of <200 μm chl a production, and 81% of <8 μm chl a production. These relationships were temperature-dependent: losses of chl a production in both size fractions to microzooplankton herbivory increased with increasing temperature. Higher grazing rates were found in the <8μm compared to the <200 μm size class. Model regressions were used to estimate the impact of microzooplankton grazing on H14CO3−-derived estimates of primary production in Cape Hatteras shelf waters. Integrated water column grazing removed 40% and 58% of <200 μm and <8 μm primary production, respectively, during the Lagrangian experiment in March, and 61% and 74% in July. Averaged over larger spatial scales using a bio-optical model, microzooplankton ingested 42% and 61% of primary production in March and July, respectively, with an overall mean of 52%. These data generally support the notion that, contrary to traditional paradigms about shelf ecosystems, small autotrophs contributed significantly to production, and that this carbon was actively incorporated into the microbial food web. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - Zooplankton
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Hatteras, Cape (N.C.)
KW  - North Carolina
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8779479; Verity, P.G. 1; Email Address: peter@skio.peachnet.edu; Redalje, D.G. 2; Lohrenz, S.R. 2; Flagg, C. 3; Hristov, R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, GA 31411, USA; 2: Department of Marine Science, University of Southern Mississippi, 1020 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 490D, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Oct2002, Vol. 49 Issue 20, p4553; Thesaurus Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Zooplankton; Thesaurus Term: Phytoplankton; Subject: Hatteras, Cape (N.C.); Subject: North Carolina; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chien, Andrew
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Goddette, Dean
T1  - Grid technologies empowering drug discovery
JO  - Drug Discovery Today
JF  - Drug Discovery Today
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 7
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - s176
SN  - 13596446
AB  - Grid technologies enable flexible coupling and sharing of computers, instruments and storage. Grids can provide technical solutions to the volume of data and computational demands associated with drug discovery by delivering larger computing capability (flexible resource sharing), providing coordinated access to large data resources and enabling novel online exploration (coupling computing, data and instruments online). Here, we illustrate this potential by describing two applications: the use of desktop PC grid technologies for virtual screening, and distributed X-ray structure reconstruction and online visualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Drug Discovery Today is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRUG development
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - MEDICAL screening
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 7889675; Chien, Andrew 1,2 Foster, Ian 3,4; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov Goddette, Dean 1; Affiliation:  1: Entropia 10145 Pacific Heights Suite 800, San Diego, CA 92121, USA  2: Dept of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92039, USA  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Dept of Computer Science University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637, USA, tel: +1 630 252 4619, fax: +1 630 252 5986; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 7 Issue 20, ps176; Subject Term: DRUG development; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: MEDICAL screening; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621999 All Other Miscellaneous Ambulatory Health Care Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, Scott D.
AU  - Lowman, Julian P.
AU  - Gable, Carl W.
T1  - Episodic tectonic plate reorganizations driven by mantle convection
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 203
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - Periods of relatively uniform plate motion were interrupted several times throughout the Cenozoic and Mesozoic by rapid plate reorganization events [R. Hey, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 88 (1977) 1404–1420; P.A. Rona, E.S. Richardson, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 40 (1978) 1–11; D.C. Engebretson, A. Cox, R.G. Gordon, Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 206 (1985); R.G. Gordon, D.M. Jurdy, J. Geophys. Res. 91 (1986) 12389–12406; D.A. Clague, G.B. Dalrymple, US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 1350 (1987) 5–54; J.M. Stock, P. Molnar, Nature 325 (1987) 495–499; C. Lithgow-Bertelloni, M.A. Richards, Geophys. Res. Lett. 22 (1995) 1317–1320; M.A. Richards, C. Lithgow-Bertelloni, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 137 (1996) 19–27; C. Lithgow-Bertelloni, M.A. Richards, Rev. Geophys. 36 (1998) 27–78]. It has been proposed that changes in plate boundary forces are responsible for these events [M.A. Richards, C. Lithgow-Bertelloni, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 137 (1996) 19–27; C. Lithgow-Bertelloni, M.A. Richards, Rev. Geophys. 36 (1998) 27–78]. We present an alternative hypothesis: convection-driven plate motions are intrinsically unstable due to a buoyant instability that develops as a result of the influence of plates on an internally heated mantle. This instability, which has not been described before, is responsible for episodic reorganizations of plate motion. Numerical mantle convection experiments demonstrate that high-Rayleigh number convection with internal heating and surface plates is sufficient to induce plate reorganization events, changes in plate boundary forces, or plate geometry, are not required. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLATE tectonics
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - MANTLE
KW  - convection
KW  - Emperor Seamounts
KW  - mantle
KW  - movement
KW  - plate tectonics
N1  - Accession Number: 7890273; King, Scott D. 1; Email Address: sking@purdue.edu Lowman, Julian P. 2; Email Address: j.lowman@earth.leeds.ac.uk Gable, Carl W. 3; Email Address: gable@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 1397 CIVL, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1397, USA  2: School of Earth Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK  3: Hydrology, Geochemistry and Geology (EES-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS T003, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 203 Issue 1, p83; Subject Term: PLATE tectonics; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: MANTLE; Author-Supplied Keyword: convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emperor Seamounts; Author-Supplied Keyword: mantle; Author-Supplied Keyword: movement; Author-Supplied Keyword: plate tectonics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott, H.P.
AU  - Williams, Q.
AU  - Ryerson, F.J.
T1  - Experimental constraints on the chemical evolution of large icy satellites
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 203
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We derive experimental constraints on the interior structure and mineralogy of large icy satellites by reacting material of chondritic chemistry with water at a pressure of 1.5 GPa, temperatures between 300°C and 800°C and a range of oxygen fugacities. Our results document the existence of three chemical processes that probably occur in large icy satellites as a result of high pressure hydrothermal processing: (1) the formation of low-density hydrated silicates, (2) the alloying of iron and sulfur to form FeS-dominated cores, and (3) the instability of organic material relative to carbonates. We construct new internal models of the thermal and structural state of Ganymede, and infer that the magnetic field of this body arises from convection within a mostly iron sulfide core. Simple thermochemical calculations are conducted to further explore the likely effects of composition and oxygen fugacity on the high pressure chemistry undergone by organic material within icy satellites. Both experimental and calculated results show that primordial organics are likely to have been largely oxidized to carbonates through hydrothermal processing early in Ganymede’s history, potentially sterilizing Ganymede’s H2O layer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALLISTO (Satellite)
KW  - HYDROTHERMAL alteration
KW  - SPACE biology
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
KW  - astrobiology
KW  - Callisto
KW  - Ganymede satellite
KW  - hydrothermal
KW  - icy satellites
N1  - Accession Number: 7890310; Scott, H.P. 1; Email Address: hscott@es.ucsc.edu Williams, Q. 1; Email Address: quentw@es.ucsc.edu Ryerson, F.J. 2; Email Address: ryerson@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Science, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  2: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 203 Issue 1, p399; Subject Term: CALLISTO (Satellite); Subject Term: HYDROTHERMAL alteration; Subject Term: SPACE biology; Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: astrobiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Callisto; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ganymede satellite; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrothermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: icy satellites; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, R.L.
AU  - Scarpitta, S.C.
AU  - Zhang, S.C.
AU  - Zheng, M.P.
T1  - Later Pleistocene/Holocene climate conditions of Qinghai–Xizhang Plateau (Tibet) based on carbon and oxygen stable isotopes of Zabuye Lake sediments
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 203
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We present a time series of carbon and oxygen stable isotope records of the last 30 000 14C years throughout the last glacial–postglacial cycle from western Qinghai–Xizhang (Tibet) Plateau. A 20-m core drilled in the south basin of Zabuye Salt Lake was analyzed for inorganic and organic carbon and total sulfur contents, δ13C and δ18O values of carbonates. Our results indicate that climatic changes have led to a drastic negative shift of stable isotope ratios at the transition between the Last Full Glacial and the postglacial phase during Later Pleistocene times (∼16.2 kyr BP), and a rapid positive shift at the transition from Pleistocene to Holocene (∼10.6 kyr BP). The first shift is marked by the drop of δ18Ocarb values of about 10‰ (from +2 to −8‰) and δ13Ccarb values of about 3‰ (from 5 to 2‰). The second shift which occurred at the transition from Pleistocene to Holocene was of similar magnitude but in the opposite direction. Isotope data, combined with total organic and inorganic carbon contents and the lithological composition of the core, suggest this lake was an alluvial pre-lake environment prior to ca. 28 14C kyr BP. During ca. 28–16.2 14C kyr BP, Zabuye Lake was likely a moderately deep lake with limited outflow. The cool and arid glacial climate led the lake level to drop drastically. Extended residence time overwhelmed the lower temperature and caused a steady increase of δ13Ccarb and δ18Ocarb values and total inorganic carbon content in the sediments. During ca. 16.2–10.6 14C kyr BP, this lake probably overflowed and received abundant recharge from melting glaciers when the deglaciation was in its full speed. A spike of markedly enhanced δ13Ccarb and δ18Ocarb is seen at ∼11.5 kyr BP, probably due to the isotopic effects left behind by the short but severe Younger Dryas (YD) event. After ca. 10.6 14C kyr BP, Zabuye Lake probably closed its surface outflow, due to strong desiccation and drastic climate warming. The Early and Middle Holocene were characterized by unstable climatic conditions with alternating warmer/cooler episodes as indicated by the severe fluctuations of total organic carbon, δ13C and δ18O values. A hypersaline salt lake environment was finally formed at Zabuye after ∼5 14C kyr BP when the mirabilite and halite concentrations steadily increased and became the dominant minerals in the sediments. Severe imbalance of inflow/outflow resulted in the drastic increase of total sulfur, δ13Ccarb and δ18Ocarb values and dominance of halite in the lake since ca. 3.8 kyr BP to present. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPE geology
KW  - PLEISTOCENE-Holocene boundary
KW  - PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
KW  - C-13/C-12
KW  - Holocene
KW  - lakes
KW  - O-18/O-16
KW  - paleoclimatology
KW  - Pleistocene
KW  - stable isotopes
KW  - Xizang China
N1  - Accession Number: 7890317; Wang, R.L. 1; Email Address: rlwang@bnl.gov Scarpitta, S.C. 1 Zhang, S.C. 2 Zheng, M.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, ASL/RCD, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 703, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, China National Petroleum Co., Beijing 100 083, PR China  3: Research and Development Center of Saline Lake and Epithermal Deposits, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100 037, PR China; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 203 Issue 1, p461; Subject Term: ISOTOPE geology; Subject Term: PLEISTOCENE-Holocene boundary; Subject Term: PALEOCLIMATOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: C-13/C-12; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: lakes; Author-Supplied Keyword: O-18/O-16; Author-Supplied Keyword: paleoclimatology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pleistocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: stable isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xizang China; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Glen P.
AU  - Gibson, John K.
AU  - Duckworth, Douglas C.
T1  - Gas-phase reactions of bare and oxo-ligated actinide and lanthanide cations with pentamethylcyclopentadiene studied in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 220
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Reactions of bare and oxo-ligated monopositive ions of uranium and thorium with 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadiene, C10H16, (HCp&ast;) were examined in a quadrupole ion trap (QIT) mass spectrometer. Representative lanthanide ions, Ln+ and LnO+, and tantalum ions, Ta+ and TaO+, were studied for comparison. The product branching ratios for both primary and secondary reactions of the actinide ions demonstrated gas-phase organoactinide chemistry that is quite disparate from organolanthanide chemistry under comparable conditions for this neutral reactant. Particularly revealing were product distributions for ThO+ and UO+, which indicated chemical behavior similar to that of bare Sm+. We conclude that at least one valence electron at the metal center of the actinide oxide ions must remain chemically active. In the case of UO+, this provides evidence for the chemical engagement of the quasi-valence 5f electrons, which is in distinct contrast to the inert character of the 4f electrons of the lanthanides in both Ln+ and LnO+. Mass-selective chemistry of two primary products, UC10H10+ and UC9H8+, also showed behavior similar to that of Sm+ and UO+, implying that there are two covalent organouranium bonds in these complex ions. In comparing the QIT results for the lanthanides with those from a low-pressure ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) mass spectrometry study [Organometallics 16 (1997) 3845], qualitative agreement was found, but significant quantitative differences were apparent. Based on results from collision-induced dissociation and effects of variations in bath gas pressure in the QIT, we conclude that the discrepancies arise from the very different pressure regimes in the ICR and QIT. Evidently, the QIT can be operated over a range of pressures that manifest effects of collisional cooling for some reactions. For the lowest pressure QIT experiments, the high degree of fragmentation is reminiscent of the ICR results. We propose that the QIT bath gas can essentially act as an inert “solvent,” which serves to mediate high-energy processes due to energy transfer from nascent hot intermediate products via energy-dissipating collisions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - Actinide
KW  - Bath gas effect
KW  - Gas-phase metal ion–molecule chemistry
KW  - Lanthanide
KW  - Quadrupole ion trap
N1  - Accession Number: 7875321; Jackson, Glen P. 1 Gibson, John K.; Email Address: gibsonjk@ornl.gov Duckworth, Douglas C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 220 Issue 3, p419; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bath gas effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas-phase metal ion–molecule chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadrupole ion trap; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wildenschild, D.
AU  - Vaz, C.M.P
AU  - Rivers, M.L.
AU  - Rikard, D.
AU  - Christensen, B.S.B.
T1  - Using X-ray computed tomography in hydrology: systems, resolutions, and limitations
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 267
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 00221694
AB  - A combination of advances in experimental techniques and mathematical analysis has made it possible to characterize phase distribution and pore geometry in porous media using non-destructive X-ray computed tomography (CT). We present qualitative and quantitative CT results for partially saturated media, obtained with different scanning systems and sample sizes, to illustrate advantages and limitations of these various systems, including topics of spatial resolution and contrast. In addition, we present examples of our most recent three-dimensional high-resolution images, for which it was possible to resolve individual pores and to delineate air–water interfacial contacts. This kind of resolution provides a novel opportunity to follow the dynamic flow behavior on the pore scale and to verify new theoretical and numerical modeling approaches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - Multi-phase flow
KW  - Pore structure
KW  - Porous media
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Visualization
KW  - X-ray tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 7873198; Wildenschild, D. 1,2; Email Address: dw@er.dtu.dk Vaz, C.M.P 3; Email Address: vaz@cnpdia.embrapa.br Rivers, M.L. 4; Email Address: rivers@cars.uchicago.edu Rikard, D. 5; Email Address: rikard1@llnl.gov Christensen, B.S.B. 1; Email Address: brc@er.dtu.dk; Affiliation:  1: Environment and Resources, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark  2: Experimental Geophysics Group, Earth and Environmental Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Embrapa Agricultural Instrumentation, CNPDIA, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP Cx. P. 741, Brazil  4: Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources and Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA  5: Nondestructive Evaluation Section, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 267 Issue 3/4, p285; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-phase flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pore structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray tomography; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiao, Zhijun
AU  - Strampp, Walter
T1  - Negative order MKdV hierarchy and a new integrable Neumann-like system
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 313
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
SN  - 03784371
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to develop the negative order MKdV hierarchy and to present a new related integrable Neumann-like Hamiltonian flow from the view point of inverse recursion operator and constraint method. The whole MKdV hierarchy both positive and negative is generated by the kernel elements of Lenard''s operators pair and recursion operator. Through solving a key operator equation, the whole MKdV hierarchy is shown to have the Lax representation. In particular, some new integrable equation together with the Liouville equations, the sine-Gordon equation, and the sinh-Gordon equation are derived from the negative order MKdV hierarchy. It is very interesting that the restricted flow, corresponding to the negative order MKdV hierarchy, is just a new kind of Neumann-like system. This new Neumann-like system is obtained through restricting the MKdV spectral problem onto a symplectic submanifold and is proven to be completely integrable under the Dirac–Poisson bracket, which we define on the symplectic submanifold. Finally, with the help of the constraint between the Neumann-like system and the negative order MKdV hierarchy, all equations in the hierarchy are proven to have the parametric representations of solutions. In particular, we obtain the parametric solutions of the sine-Gordon equation and the sinh-Gordon equation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORDER
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - Lax representation
KW  - MKdV hierarchy
KW  - Negative order
KW  - Neumann-like system
KW  - Parametric solution
KW  - Positive order
N1  - Accession Number: 7884746; Qiao, Zhijun 1,2; Email Address: zjqiao@yahoo.com Strampp, Walter 3; Email Address: strampp@hrz.uni-kassel.de; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B-284, T-7 and CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Institute of Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China  3: Fachbereich 17, Mathematik/Informatik, Universität GH-Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse, D-34109 Kassel, Germany; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 313 Issue 3/4, p365; Subject Term: ORDER; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lax representation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MKdV hierarchy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative order; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neumann-like system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parametric solution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positive order; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwenterly, S.W.
AU  - Mehta, S.P.
AU  - Walker, M.S.
AU  - Jones, R.H.
T1  - Development of HTS power transformers for the 21st century: Waukesha Electric Systems/IGC-SuperPower/RG&E/ORNL SPI collaboration
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The collaboration among Waukesha Electric Systems (WES), IGC-SuperPower (IGC-SP), Rochester Gas & Electric (RG&E), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is now in Phase II. This is a US DoE cost-shared Superconductivity Partnership Initiative (SPI) Project, with the objective of developing a conceptual design for a commercial 30-MVA superconducting utility power transformer, and furthermore designing and building a prototype 5/10-MVA transformer that will be operated on the utility power grid at the main WES plant in Waukesha, WI. The design approach for both of these transformers is to place both the core and cold mass inside the vacuum tank. Commercial cryocoolers are used to cool the superconducting windings below 40 K. This approach avoids the use of expensive non-conducting cryostats. It allows a flexible tradeoff between operating temperature and length of conductor to produce a cost-optimized design with the best currently available conductor. Activities in the participant organizations will be summarized as follows: WES<f>—</f>core cooling and conventional component design, IGC-SP<f>—</f>superconducting coil, coil cooling and lead development and cryogenic suspension, ORNL<f>—</f>AC loss measurements, cryogenic dielectric tests, and cryogenic cooling module design, and RG&E<f>—</f>operational needs and utility perspectives. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC transformers
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - Electric power applications
KW  - HTS transformers
N1  - Accession Number: 7891109; Schwenterly, S.W. 1; Email Address: schwenterlsw@ornl.gov Mehta, S.P. 2 Walker, M.S. 3 Jones, R.H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Building 9201-2 MS 8071, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Waukesha Electric Systems, 400 S. Prairie Avenue, Waukesha, WI 53186, USA  3: IGC-SuperPower, 450 Duane Avenue, Schenectady, NY 12304, USA  4: Rochester Gas & Electric Corp., 89 East Avenue, Rochester, NY 14649, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: ELECTRIC transformers; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric power applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: HTS transformers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335311 Power, Distribution, and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maroni, V.A.
AU  - Venkataraman, K.
AU  - Kropf, A.J.
AU  - Segre, C.U.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Riley Jr., G.N.
T1  - Nondestructive analysis of phase evolution and microstructure development in Ag/(Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox composite superconductor by 25 keV transmission X-ray diffraction
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 09214534
AB  - X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were made on silver-sheathed (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (Ag/Bi-2223) composite superconductor using 25 keV X-rays produced by an insertion device beamline at a third generation synchrotron. These measurements, performed on fully sheathed multifilament-type Ag/Bi-2223 wire specimens, provided high resolution diffraction patterns that revealed (1) the phases present in the cores of the superconducting filaments and (2) the nature and quality of the Bi-2223 grain colony texture. In addition to the Bi-2223 phase, we were able to detect and to monitor specimen-to-specimen variations in the relative amounts of Bi-2212, Bi-2201, and the “3221” phase. The scattering geometry used (X-ray beam perpendicular to the Ag/Bi-2223 conductor rolling direction) resulted in the detection of several remarkably intense diffraction lines of Bi-2223, most notably the (2 0 0)/(0 2 0) pair, that were highly useful for recording pole figure maps evidencing the contiguous fiber texture microstructure of the Bi-2223 grain colonies. The nondestructive nature of the 25 keV transmission XRD method offers many advantages for the comprehensive study of phase evolution and microstructure development in Ag/Bi-2223 composite conductors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING composites
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Bi-2223/Ag tape
KW  - Fiber texture
N1  - Accession Number: 7891113; Maroni, V.A. 1; Email Address: maroni@cmt.anl.gov Venkataraman, K. 1 Kropf, A.J. 1 Segre, C.U. 2 Huang, Y. 3 Riley Jr., G.N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Building 205, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4837, USA  2: Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  3: American Superconductor, Two Technology Dr., Westborough, MA 01581-1727, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p21; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING composites; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2223/Ag tape; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiber texture; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maeda, H.
AU  - Ohya, K.
AU  - Sato, M.
AU  - Chen, W.P.
AU  - Watanabe, K.
AU  - Motokawa, M.
AU  - Matsumoto, A.
AU  - Kumakura, H.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - Microstructure and critical current density of Bi2212 tapes grown by magnetic melt-processing
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Vertical magnetic fields up to 9 T were applied to the magnetic melt-processing (MMP) of dip-coated and Ag-sheathed Bi2212 mono-core tapes with a core thickness of about 150 <f>μ</f>m, which were set horizontally. SEM observation shows that a uniform high-degree of texture is formed throughout the thickness of the tapes by the magnetic field Ha during MMP, whereas a large portion of the area is non-textured without Ha. The critical current density Jc of the tapes increases with increasing Ha up to about 6 T due to the texture development. However, when <f>Ha>6</f> T some disturbance in Jc appears; one is increased and the other is decreased. This may be due to the change of O2 atmosphere around the tapes during MMP, which comes from the change of O2 gas flowing by the magnetic field. The results suggest that a high magnetic field is very effective to enhance the texture development and to fabricate tapes with high critical current Ic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - Bi-2212/Ag tape
KW  - Critical current density
KW  - Magnetic field melt growth process
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 7891116; Maeda, H. 1,2,3; Email Address: maeda@magnet.fsu.edu Ohya, K. 2 Sato, M. 2 Chen, W.P. 3 Watanabe, K. 3,4 Motokawa, M. 3,4 Matsumoto, A. 5 Kumakura, H. 5 Schwartz, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami 090-8507, Japan  3: CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan  4: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  5: National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2212/Ag tape; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic field melt growth process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Fisher, B.L.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Inclined-substrate deposition of biaxially aligned template films for YBCO-coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Inclined-substrate deposition (ISD) of magnesium oxide (MgO) produces biaxially textured template films at high deposition rates. This process is promising for the fabrication of the second-generation superconducting wires. Biaxially aligned MgO films (<f>&ap;</f>1.5 <f>μ</f>m thick) were deposited on polished Hastelloy C276 (HC) substrates by ISD at deposition rates of 20–100 A˚/s. Buffer films were subsequently deposited on these template films, and YBCO films were deposited epitaxially on the substrates by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray pole figure analysis and <f>φ</f>- and <f>ω</f>-scans were used for texture characterization. Good in- and out-of-plane textures were observed, with MgO(0 0 2) <f>φ</f>-scan full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of 9.2° and <f>ω</f>-scan FWHM of 5.4°, respectively. <f>Tc</f> of 90 K with a sharp transition, and <f>Jc&ap;2×105</f> A/cm<f>2</f>, were obtained on a 0.5 <f>μ</f>m thick, 0.5 cm wide, and 1 cm long YBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7−δ</f> (YBCO) film at 77 K in self-field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - Inclined-substrate deposition
KW  - YBCO-coated conductor
N1  - Accession Number: 7891117; Ma, B.; Email Address: bma@anl.gov Li, M. 1 Fisher, B.L. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Balachandran, U. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p38; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inclined-substrate deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO-coated conductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Groves, James R.
AU  - Arendt, Paul N.
AU  - Foltyn, Stephen R.
AU  - Jia, Quanxi
AU  - Holesinger, Terry G.
AU  - Kung, Harriet
AU  - DePaula, Raymond F.
AU  - Dowden, Paul C.
AU  - Peterson, Eric J.
AU  - Stan, Liliana
AU  - Emmert, Luke A.
T1  - Recent progress in continuously processed IBAD MgO template meters for HTS applications
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We discuss our recent progress using IBAD MgO as a template for subsequent deposition of YBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7−δ</f> (YBCO) high-temperature superconductors on metallic substrate tapes. We have refined the process by improving substrate preparation and by using reflected high-energy electron diffraction to monitor and improve IBAD MgO films. High quality, continuously processed IBAD MgO (c-IBAD) has been deposited on moving meter-length metal tape. By incorporating these optimized processing parameters, we have been able to deposit biaxially textured MgO on metallic substrates continuously with the best in-plane mosaic spreads near 9<f>°</f>. The subsequent pulsed laser deposition of 1–2 <f>μ</f>m thick YBCO films on c-IBAD has resulted in superconducting transport critical current <f>densities>1</f> MA/cm<f>2</f> (75 K, SF) on small area samples. Longer 4.5 cm samples of c-IBAD tape have also been coated with a 1 cm wide sample carrying 93 A (75 K, SF) for a 1.5 <f>μ</f>m thick YBCO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - Biaxial texture
KW  - Ion beam assisted deposition
KW  - Magnesium oxide
KW  - Reflected high-energy electron diffraction
KW  - YBCO coated conductor
N1  - Accession Number: 7891118; Groves, James R.; Email Address: jgroves@lanl.gov Arendt, Paul N. 1 Foltyn, Stephen R. 1 Jia, Quanxi 1 Holesinger, Terry G. 1 Kung, Harriet 1 DePaula, Raymond F. 1 Dowden, Paul C. 1 Peterson, Eric J. 1 Stan, Liliana 1 Emmert, Luke A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, Mailstop K763 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biaxial texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam assisted deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflected high-energy electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO coated conductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blaugher, R.D.
AU  - Bhattacharya, R.N.
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Padmanabhan, R.
T1  - Alternative HTS coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The availability of Bi-2223 high-temperature-superconductor (HTS) powder-in-tube (PIT) tape, with acceptable performance for long lengths, has provided the ability to construct a wide range of HTS electric power components. As a result, there are major worldwide projects in developing HTS electric power components for demonstration in a utility environment. Utility acceptance for superconducting power equipment will depend on several key factors: improved system performance, lower life-cycle costs, higher efficiency versus conventional technology, reliability and maintenance comparable to conventional power equipment, and a competitive installed cost. The latter is impacted by the current high cost of HTS conductors, which must be lowered to costs comparable to conventional Nb–Ti wire, i.e., $2–5/kAm. The present performance and cost of state-of-the-art Bi-2223 HTS tape, although acceptable for prototype construction, is viewed as a major deterrent that may compromise eventual commercialization for most of these electric power devices. The so-called second-generation coated conductor development, with emphasis on conductors employing HTS YBCO films, is viewed as the solution to this performance and cost issue. The potential for the Tl, Hg, and Bi-oxide superconductors for producing an HTS tape as alternatives to Bi-2223 PIT (and YBCO) will be discussed with some recent results on Bi-2212 “coated conductor” development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - Bi-2212 coated conductor
KW  - Electric power applications
KW  - Electrodeposition
KW  - Hg-based cuprates
KW  - Tl-based cuprates
N1  - Accession Number: 7891125; Blaugher, R.D.; Email Address: richard_blaugher@nrel.gov Bhattacharya, R.N. 1 Chen, J. 1 Padmanabhan, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p72; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2212 coated conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric power applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hg-based cuprates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tl-based cuprates; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
AU  - Kogan, V.G.
T1  - Magnesium diboride: basic physical properties and high upper critical field anisotropy
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We will briefly outline recent work done by the Ames Laboratory group and collaborators on synthesis and physical properties of newly discovered intermetallic superconductor, MgB<f>2</f> (<f>Tc&ap;40</f> K), produced in the form of sintered powder and wire segments with the emphasis to be on recent results that indicate that MgB<f>2</f> may well have significant anisotropies associated with the superconducting state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Magnesium diboride
KW  - Synthesis
KW  - Upper critical field
N1  - Accession Number: 7891127; Bud’ko, S.L.; Email Address: budko@ameslab.gov Canfield, P.C. 1 Kogan, V.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium diboride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Upper critical field; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meng, R.L.
AU  - Lorenz, B.
AU  - Wang, Y.S.
AU  - Cmaidalka, J.
AU  - Sun, Y.Y.
AU  - Xue, Y.Y.
AU  - Meen, J.K.
AU  - Chu, C.W.
T1  - Study of binary and pseudo-binary intermetallic compounds with AlB2 structure
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We have synthesized and studied the binary intermetallic compounds, AGa2 and A[GaxSi<f>2−x</f>] (A=Sr, Ba, Ca), which are isostructural to the newly discovered 40 K superconductor MgB2. The binary compounds AGa2 were found to be non-superconducting above 2 K, even though they have the same valence electron number per formula as MgB2 and greater lattice parameters than MgB2. However, by varying the valence electron number, they become superconducting. This result suggests that the electronic structures of this class of compounds depend on more than just the valence electron density and the lattice parameters. The theoretical prediction that the Tc of MgB2 could be enhanced with the proper dopant to increase its carrier density or to expand the lattice could not be verified. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
KW  - AlB2 structure
KW  - Intermetallic compounds
KW  - Lattice parameter
KW  - Valence electron number
N1  - Accession Number: 7891132; Meng, R.L. 1; Email Address: rmeng@uh.edu Lorenz, B. 1 Wang, Y.S. 1 Cmaidalka, J. 1 Sun, Y.Y. 1 Xue, Y.Y. 1 Meen, J.K. 1 Chu, C.W. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, 202 Houston Science Center, Houston, TX 77204-5002, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p113; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: AlB2 structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice parameter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Valence electron number; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maple, M.B.
AU  - Taylor, B.J.
AU  - Frederick, N.A.
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Nesterenko, V.F.
AU  - Indrakanti, S.S.
AU  - Maley, M.P.
T1  - Critical scaling and flux dynamics in bulk MgB2 and high-purity YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> single crystals
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A dense sample of MgB2 (<f>Tc=38.5</f> K) was synthesized under 200 MPa pressure using a novel hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) technique, and a high-purity single crystal of YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> (<f>Tc=93.5</f> K) was grown in a home-made BaZrO3 crucible. Electric field vs current density (E–J) isotherms of the MgB2 and YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> high-temperature superconductors were measured and analyzed in terms of the critical scaling model. E–J isotherm sets were taken at fields ranging from 2 to 90 kOe. Scaling and resistivity data reveal a smooth transition from a vortex glass to a vortex liquid state for the bulk MgB2 sample and the existence of both a vortex lattice melting line and a vortex glass to vortex liquid line in the YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> single crystal. The critical scaling exponents for both systems are presented. A more complete (H–T) phase diagram, containing the upper critical field <f>Hc2(T)</f>, the vortex-glass transition line <f>Hg(T)</f>, and the magnetic irreversibility line <f>Hirr(T)</f> was established for bulk MgB2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - METALS -- Electric properties
KW  - Critical scaling
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Vortex dynamics
KW  - YBa2Cu3O<f>7 - δ</f>
N1  - Accession Number: 7891136; Maple, M.B. 1; Email Address: mbmaple@ucsd.edu Taylor, B.J. 1 Frederick, N.A. 1 Li, S. 2 Nesterenko, V.F. 3 Indrakanti, S.S. 3 Maley, M.P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Institute for Pure and Applied Physical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0319, USA  2: 4-D Neuro Imaging, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA  3: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  4: MS-K763, MST-STC, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p132; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: METALS -- Electric properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBa2Cu3O<f>7 - δ</f>; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwok, W.K.
AU  - Olsson, R.J.
AU  - Karapetrov, G.
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Vlasko-Vlasov, V.
AU  - Kadowaki, K.
AU  - Crabtree, G.W.
T1  - Modification of vortex behavior through heavy ion lithography
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Columnar defects induced by high-energy heavy ion irradiation constitute one of the most effective vortex pinning sites in high temperature superconductors. We demonstrate a novel method of effectively patterning vortex pinning sites in single crystals of the high temperature superconductors YBa<f>2</f>Cu<f>3</f>O<f>7−d</f> and Bi<f>2</f>Sr<f>2</f>CaCu<f>2</f>O<f>x</f> using heavy ion irradiation. These patterns include linear channels, a lattice of squares, and asymmetric pinning gradient sites where vortices can either flow unimpeded or are trapped in spatially periodic arrangements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FLUX pinning
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - Bi-2212
KW  - Columnar defects
KW  - Vortex pinning
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 7891137; Kwok, W.K. 1; Email Address: wkwok@anl.gov Olsson, R.J. 1 Karapetrov, G. 1 Welp, U. 1 Vlasko-Vlasov, V. 1 Kadowaki, K. 2 Crabtree, G.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Institute of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 382 Issue 1, p137; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FLUX pinning; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2212; Author-Supplied Keyword: Columnar defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyle, Timothy J.
AU  - Andrews, Nicholas L.
AU  - Alam, Todd M.
AU  - Rodriguez, Mark A.
AU  - Santana, Jessica M.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
T1  - Crystallographic characterization of the esterification pathway of Group V alkoxides
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 21
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 2333
SN  - 02775387
AB  - The products isolated from the stoichiometric reaction mixtures of [M(μ-OEt)(ONep)4]2 where M=Nb (1) or Ta (2) and ONep=OCH2CMe3, and a series of sterically demanding carboxylic acids (HORc where ORc=O2CCMe3 (OBc) or O2CCH2CMe3 (ONc)) led to the isolation and characterization of a new family of compounds at varied degrees of esterification. The number of oxo ligands formed from the esterification pathway was found to be dictated by the temperature of the reaction mixture, as well as the steric bulk of the carboxylate ligand. For the Nb systems, independent of the temperature of the reaction, [Nb(μ-OBc)(ONep)3]2(μ-O) (3) and [Nb2(μ-O)2(μ-ONc)2(ONep)4]2 (4) were isolated. For the room temperature reactions of the Ta systems, [Ta(μ-OBc)(ONep)3]2(μ-O) (5) and [Ta(μ-ONc)(ONep)4]2 (6) were formed but upon heating, [Ta2(μ-O)2(μ-OBc)2(ONep)4]2 (7) and [Ta(μ-ONc)(ONep)3]2(μ-O) (8) were isolated. [Ta2(μ-O)2(μ-ONc)2(ONep)4]2 (9) was also identified from a concentrated heated reaction mixture of 2 and HONc. The arrangements observed for 3, 5, 6, and 8 were dinuclear symmetric structures, wherein each metal was isolated in an octahedral (Oh) geometry with bridging ORc ligands. For 3, 5, and 8, an oxo ligand bridges the two metal centers which was not observed for 6. For 4, 7, and 9 the general structure consists of two “M2(μ-O)2(μ-ORc)2(ONep)4” moieties that are linked by oxo ligands forming an [M&z.sbnd;O]4 eight-member ring as the central core. Each Oh bound metal center possesses two bridging ORc and two terminal ONep ligands. Compounds 3–8 were further characterized by solid-state MAS NMR wherein the bulk powders are in agreement with the single crystal structures. Solution NMR studies indicated that the solid-state arrangements are retained in solution. Combined, the structural information garnered from these compounds define the step-wise esterification mechanism of Group V metal alkoxides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKOXIDES
KW  - ESTERIFICATION
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - Esterification
KW  - Group V
KW  - Metal alkoxides
KW  - Niobium
KW  - Single-crystal X-ray
KW  - Tantalum
N1  - Accession Number: 7916167; Boyle, Timothy J. 1; Email Address: tjboyle@sandia.gov Andrews, Nicholas L. 1 Alam, Todd M. 1 Rodriguez, Mark A. 1 Santana, Jessica M. 1 Scott, Brian L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Advanced Materials Laboratory, Suite 100, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratories, CST-18, Chemical Science and Technology Division-X-ray Diffraction Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 21 Issue 23, p2333; Subject Term: ALKOXIDES; Subject Term: ESTERIFICATION; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: TANTALUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Esterification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Group V; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal alkoxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-crystal X-ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tantalum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tian, Y.
AU  - Womack, M.
AU  - Molian, P.
AU  - Lo, C.C.H.
AU  - Anderegg, J.W.
AU  - Russell, A.M.
T1  - Microstructure and nanomechanical properties of Al–Mg–B–Ti films synthesized by pulsed laser deposition
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 418
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Thin films were deposited from an ultra-hard, nanocomposite AlMgB14/TiB2 target on Si (1 0 0) by nanosecond (ns) and femtosecond (fs) pulsed laser deposition (PLD) techniques. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to determine the film structure; scanning electron microscopy was employed to characterize the film surface topography; and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was performed to examine the film compositions and chemical bonding states of constituents. The mechanical properties of thin films such as hardness and elastic modulus were determined by nanoindentation tests. Results showed that the as-deposited films were amorphous, possessing a complex oxide glass structure, and this structure was stable up to 1223 K. The preferential reaction of Al, Mg and B with O inhibits the formation of crystalline AlMgB14. The absence of B&z.sbnd;B bonds and nanocrystalline structure leads to nanohardness values for as-deposited films as low as approximately 10 GPa. The intrinsic hardness of the film could not be evaluated exactly because of surface roughness and substrate effects. It was found that the density of particulates in the films was drastically reduced by the use of a fs-pulsed laser source, suggesting that fs-PLD is a potential method for decreasing surface roughness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - Al–Mg–B–Ti film
KW  - Hardness
KW  - Pulsed laser deposition
KW  - Structural properties
N1  - Accession Number: 7911173; Tian, Y. 1; Email Address: ytian@iastate.edu Womack, M. 2 Molian, P. 2 Lo, C.C.H. 3 Anderegg, J.W. 3 Russell, A.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 3053, Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Ames Laboratory, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 418 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al–Mg–B–Ti film; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsueh, C.H.
T1  - Thermal stresses in elastic multilayer systems
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 418
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Thermal stresses in elastic multilayer systems have been previously modelled. However, because the displacement compatibility condition at interfaces between layers must be satisfied, the complexity in obtaining a closed-form solution increases with the number of layers in the system. As a result, existing analyses often adopt simplifications (e.g. assuming a constant elastic modulus throughout the system) to obtain closed-form solutions or are solved numerically by computer. The present study develops an analytical model, in which the complexity in obtaining a closed-form solution is independent of the number of layers and an exact closed-form solution can be concisely formulated. Specific results are calculated for elastic thermal stresses in (AlGa)As laser diodes, which consist of five layers. Also, the zero-order and the first-order approximations are formulated based on the exact closed-form solution, and their accuracy is examined. The acceptability of assuming a constant elastic modulus in the system in existing analyses is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - Elastic properties
KW  - Gallium arsenide
KW  - Multilayers
KW  - Stress
N1  - Accession Number: 7911185; Hsueh, C.H. 1; Email Address: hsuehc@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 418 Issue 2, p182; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium arsenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, S.A.
AU  - Wang, C.M.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Droubay, T.
AU  - McCready, D.E.
AU  - Lea, A.S.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Windisch Jr, C.F.
T1  - Epitaxial growth and properties of MBE-grown ferromagnetic Co-doped TiO2 anatase films on SrTiO3(001) and LaAlO3(001)
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 418
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We have investigated the heteroepitaxial growth and materials properties of pure and Co-doped TiO2 anatase on SrTiO3(001) and LaAlO3(001), grown by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. This material is a promising new diluted magnetic semiconductor that shows large magnetization and a Curie temperature well above room temperature. We have found that epitaxial films with the highest crystalline quality and most uniform distribution of Co result when a rather slow growth rate (∼0.01 nm/s) is used over a substrate temperature range of 550–600 °C on LaAlO3(001). These conditions result in layer-by-layer growth of single-crystal films and a very low density of extremely small nanocrystalline inclusions. In contrast, growth at a higher rate (∼0.04 nm/s) leads to extensive formation of secondary-phase rutile nanocrystals to which Co diffuses and segregates. The rutile nanocrystals nucleate on the evolving anatase film surface in such a way that lattice strain between the two phases is minimized. Cobalt appears to substitute for Ti in the lattice and exhibits a +2 formal oxidation state. Both pure and Co-doped films can be grown as n-type semiconductors by controlled incorporation of oxygen atom vacancies. Free electrons are required to couple the Co(II) spin to a ferromagnetic state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - Magnetic properties and measurements
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 7911187; Chambers, S.A.; Email Address: sa.chambers@pnl.gov Wang, C.M. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Droubay, T. 1 McCready, D.E. 1 Lea, A.S. 1 Shutthanandan, V. 1 Windisch Jr, C.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 418 Issue 2, p197; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties and measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorbunov, Nikolai V.
AU  - Morris, James E.
AU  - Greenberger, Joel S.
AU  - Thrall, Brian D.
T1  - Establishment of a novel clonal murine bone marrow stromal cell line for assessment of p53 responses to genotoxic stress
JO  - Toxicology
JF  - Toxicology
Y1  - 2002/10/15/
VL  - 179
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
SN  - 0300483X
AB  - The p53 protein is widely regarded as an important sensor of genotoxic damage in cells, and mutations in p53 are the most frequent observed in human cancers. Rapid assays for evaluating the potential of a chemical or physical agent to alter the transcriptional regulatory role of p53 may therefore serve as useful tools in toxicological research. In this study, the use of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a live cell reporter to assess the transactivation response of p53 to chemical and physical agents was evaluated. A stable murine bone marrow stromal cell line (D2XRIIGFP24) expressing EGFP under control of p53 response elements was established. D2XRIIGFP24 cells displayed low constitutive background fluorescence which was significantly enhanced in response to exposure to agents that induced p53 protein levels. Increases in EGFP fluorescence in response to oxidative and nitrosative stress as well as UVC irradiation were dose-dependent, detectable within 3 h of exposure and correlated closely with the amount of p53 protein accumulated within the cell. The results demonstrate the potential for rapid and early detection of p53 transactivation using the EGFP reporter approach and indicate this approach is adaptable to a variety of fluorescent assay techniques and a useful cell model for molecular toxicology research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - P53 antioncogene
KW  - CANCER
KW  - BONE marrow
KW  - MICE
KW  - ANATOMY
KW  - Bone marrow stromal cells
KW  - Hydrogen peroxide
KW  - Nitric oxide
KW  - p53
KW  - Reporter vector
KW  - UVC light
N1  - Accession Number: 7881158; Gorbunov, Nikolai V. 1,2; Email Address: nikolai.gorbounov@na.amedd.army.mil Morris, James E. 1 Greenberger, Joel S. 2 Thrall, Brian D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  2: University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 179 Issue 3, p257; Subject Term: P53 antioncogene; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: BONE marrow; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: ANATOMY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bone marrow stromal cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen peroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitric oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reporter vector; Author-Supplied Keyword: UVC light; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grigsby, J.J.
AU  - Blanch, H.W.
AU  - Prausnitz, J.M.
T1  - Effect of secondary structure on the potential of mean force for poly-l-lysine in the α-helix and β-sheet conformations
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/10/16/
VL  - 99
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 03014622
AB  - Because poly-l-lysine (PLL) can exist in the α-helix or β-sheet conformation depending on solution preparation and solution conditions, PLL is a suitable candidate to probe the dependence of protein interactions on secondary structure. The osmotic second virial coefficient and weight-average molecular weight are reported from low-angle laser-light scattering measurements for PLL as a function of NaCl concentration, pH, and α-helix or β-sheet content. Interactions between PLL molecules become more attractive as salt concentration increases due to screening of PLL charge by salt ions and at low salt concentration become more attractive as pH increases due to decreased net charge on PLL. The experimental results show that interactions are stronger for the β-sheet conformation than for the α-helix conformation. A spherically-symmetric model for the potential of mean force is used to account for specific interactions not described by DLVO theory and to show how differences in secondary structure affect PLL interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYSINE
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - VIRIAL coefficients
KW  - Alpha helix
KW  - Beta sheet
KW  - Poly-l-lysine
KW  - Potential of mean force
KW  - Specific interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 7892410; Grigsby, J.J. 1 Blanch, H.W. 1; Email Address: blanch@socrates.berkeley.edu Prausnitz, J.M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 99 Issue 2, p107; Subject Term: LYSINE; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: VIRIAL coefficients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha helix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beta sheet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly-l-lysine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potential of mean force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific interactions; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klei, Steven R.
AU  - Golden, Jeffrey T.
AU  - Burger, Peter
AU  - Bergman, Robert G.
T1  - Cationic Ir(III) alkyl and hydride complexes: stoichiometric and catalytic C&z.sbnd;H activation by Cp&ast;(PMe3)Ir(R)(X) in homogeneous solution
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/10/16/
VL  - 189
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
SN  - 13811169
KW  - C&z.sbnd;H activation
KW  - Cationic Ir(III) complexes
KW  - H–D exchange
KW  - Ir(V) complexes
KW  - Methyl abstraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7876881; Klei, Steven R. 1 Golden, Jeffrey T. Burger, Peter Bergman, Robert G.; Email Address: bergman@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, CNDOS, University of California, and Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 189 Issue 1, p79; Author-Supplied Keyword: C&z.sbnd;H activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cationic Ir(III) complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: H–D exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ir(V) complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methyl abstraction; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Fornal, B.
AU  - Mantica, P.F.
AU  - Brown, B.A.
AU  - Broda, R.
AU  - Bhattacharyya, P.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Cinausero, M.
AU  - Daly, P.J.
AU  - Davies, A.D.
AU  - Glasmacher, T.
AU  - Grabowski, Z.W.
AU  - Groh, D.E.
AU  - Honma, M.
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
AU  - Królas, W.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Liddick, S.N.
AU  - Lunardi, S.
AU  - Marginean, N.
T1  - Structure of 52,54Ti and shell closures in neutron-rich nuclei above 48Ca
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/10/17/
VL  - 546
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The level structure of 5422Ti32 has been explored for the first time by combining <f>β</f>-decay measurements from fragmentation products with prompt <f>γ</f>-ray spectroscopy following deep inelastic reactions. The latter technique was also instrumental in tracing 52Ti30 to higher spin. The data provide new tests of effective interactions for full <f>pf</f>-shell calculations in neutron-rich nuclei above 48Ca. The data indicate the presence of a significant subshell gap at <f>N=32</f> and comparisons between theory and experiment suggest an additional shell closure at <f>N=34</f> in Ca and Ti isotopes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BETA decay
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7890991; Janssens, R.V.F. 1; Email Address: janssens@anl.gov Fornal, B. 2 Mantica, P.F. 3,4 Brown, B.A. 3,5 Broda, R. 2 Bhattacharyya, P. 6 Carpenter, M.P. 1 Cinausero, M. 7 Daly, P.J. 6 Davies, A.D. 3,5 Glasmacher, T. 3,5 Grabowski, Z.W. 6 Groh, D.E. 3,4 Honma, M. 8 Kondev, F.G. 1 Królas, W. 2 Lauritsen, T. 1 Liddick, S.N. 3,4 Lunardi, S. 9 Marginean, N. 7; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, PL-31342 Cracow, Poland  3: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  6: Chemistry and Physics Departments, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  7: INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy  8: Center for Mathematical Sciences, University of Aizu, Tsuruga, Ikki-machi, Aizu-Wakamatsu, Fukushima 965-8580, Japan  9: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, and INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 546 Issue 1/2, p55; Subject Term: BETA decay; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Korepanova, Alla
AU  - Douglas, Chanel
AU  - Logan, Timothy M.
T1  - Glutamine 53 is a Gatekeeper Residue in the FK506 Binding Protein
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2002/10/18/
VL  - 323
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The effect of non-random conformational averaging in the urea-unfolded state on the folding pathway has been investigated in a variant of the FK506 binding protein with three additional residues at the amino terminus (FKBP&ast;). Three mutations (asparagine, aspartate, and threonine) were introduced into position Q53 to enhance formation of non-native helix observed in this part of the protein in the urea-unfolded state. NMR analysis showed minor structural changes in the native state of each mutant, but additional medium-range <f>αN(i,i+2)</f> of each mutant nuclear Overhauser enhancements were observed in the urea-unfolded state that were not in FKBP&ast;, indicating that the mutations had a more substantial effect on the unfolded state ensemble than on the native state ensemble. Isothermal equilibrium denaturation measurements showed that the Q53T and Q53D mutants were destabilized, whereas the Q53N mutant was stabilized relative to FKBP&ast; with little change in the equilibrium m values. The unfolding rates of Q53N and Q53T were similar to that of FKBP&ast;, but Q53D unfolded twice as fast as FKBP&ast;. In contrast, the mutations had a more pronounced effect on the refolding kinetics. Q53N refolded slightly faster and exhibited a kinetic folding intermediate similar to that of FKBP&ast;. The Q53D and Q53T mutants also refolded faster than FKBP&ast; but lacked the folding intermediate, indicating that these mutants experienced a different folding trajectory and transition state than FKBP&ast; and Q53N. The refolding kinetic Φ values were 0.74, 1.4 and 7.9 for Q53N, Q53T, and Q53D, respectively. The data point to Q53 functioning as a gatekeeper residue in the folding of FKBP&ast;. This study shows that perturbing the unfolded state ensemble via mutagenesis can provide insights into residues that play important roles in the folding pathway, and represents an attractive strategy for mapping the high-energy portions of the folding energy landscape. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLUTAMINE
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - FKBP, FK506 binding protein
KW  - FKBP*, FKBP containing C22A mutation and Gly-Ser-Met N-terminal extension
KW  - HSQC, heteronuclear single quantum coherence
KW  - NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect
KW  - NOESY, NOE spectroscopy
KW  - Q53D, FKBP* with Gln53 mutated to Asp
KW  - Q53N, FKBP* with Gln53 mutated to Asn
KW  - Q53T, FKBP* with Gln53 mutated to Thr
KW  - TOCSY, total correlated spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8518738; Korepanova, Alla 1 Douglas, Chanel 2 Logan, Timothy M. 1,2,3; Email Address: logan@sb.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Graduate Program in Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, 501 MBB 4380, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4380, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, 501 MBB 4380, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4380, USA  3: The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 323 Issue 2, p285; Subject Term: GLUTAMINE; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Author-Supplied Keyword: FKBP, FK506 binding protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: FKBP*, FKBP containing C22A mutation and Gly-Ser-Met N-terminal extension; Author-Supplied Keyword: HSQC, heteronuclear single quantum coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOESY, NOE spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Q53D, FKBP* with Gln53 mutated to Asp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Q53N, FKBP* with Gln53 mutated to Asn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Q53T, FKBP* with Gln53 mutated to Thr; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOCSY, total correlated spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ball, M.J.
AU  - Lucas, C.A.
AU  - Markovic, N.M.
AU  - Stamenkovic, V.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
T1  - From sub-monolayer to multilayer––an in situ X-ray diffraction study of the growth of Pd films on Pt(<f>1 1 1</f>)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/10/20/
VL  - 518
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The structure of electrochemically deposited Pd thin films on the Pt(1 1 1) electrode surface has been studied by a combination of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and in situ synchrotron surface X-ray scattering. The films were examined at successively higher levels of thickness, ranging from the sub-monolayer regime to the n ML (<f>n>2</f>) regime. We found that on top of a pseudomorphic monolayer film, Pd forms three-dimensional islands which, in the n ML (<f>n>2</f>) regime are described using a half-Lorentzian distribution of layer occupation. These islands provide the large number of Pd step sites that give rise to the peak in the CV at 0.3 V. The deposition of Pd onto Pt(1 1 1), therefore, proceeds via a pseudomorphic Stranski–Krastanov growth mode. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - and topography
KW  - Electrochemical methods
KW  - morphology
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Platinum
KW  - roughness
KW  - Solid–liquid interfaces
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 7884731; Ball, M.J. 1 Lucas, C.A. 1; Email Address: clucas@liv.ac.uk Markovic, N.M. 2 Stamenkovic, V. 2 Ross, P.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZE Liverpool, UK  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 518 Issue 3, p201; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–liquid interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Martin C.
AU  - Mao, Shude
AU  - Woźniak, P.
AU  - Udalski, A.
AU  - Szymański, M.
AU  - Kubiak, M.
AU  - Pietrzyński, G.
AU  - Soszyński, I.
AU  - Żebruń, K.
T1  - Optical gravitational lensing experiment: OGLE-1999-BUL-19 – the first multipeak parallax event.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2002/10/21/
VL  - 336
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 670
EP  - 684
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - Describes the optical microlensing event, OGLE-1999-BUL-19.  Einstein radius crossing time; Transverse velocity of the lens projected onto the observer plane; Nature of the majority of the I-band blending.
KW  - MICROLENSING (Astrophysics)
KW  - GRAVITATIONAL lenses
KW  - binaries: general
KW  - Galaxy: bulge
KW  - Galaxy: centre
KW  - Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics
KW  - gravitational lensing
N1  - Accession Number: 7522444; Smith, Martin C. 1 Mao, Shude 1 Woźniak, P. 2 Udalski, A. 3 Szymański, M. 3 Kubiak, M. 4 Pietrzyński, G. 4 Soszyński, I. 3 Żebruń, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland  4: Universidad de Concepción, Departamento de Fisica, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile; Source Info: 10/21/2002, Vol. 336 Issue 2, p670; Subject Term: MICROLENSING (Astrophysics); Subject Term: GRAVITATIONAL lenses; Author-Supplied Keyword: binaries: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: bulge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: centre; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravitational lensing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05811.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kogut, John B.
AU  - Toublan, Dominique
AU  - Sinclair, D.K.
T1  - The phase diagram of four flavor <f>SU(2)</f> lattice gauge theory at nonzero chemical potential and temperature
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/10/21/
VL  - 642
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
SN  - 05503213
AB  - <f>SU(2)</f> lattice gauge theory with four flavors of quarks is simulated at nonzero chemical potential <f>μ</f> and temperature <f>T</f> and the results are compared to the predictions of effective Lagrangians. Simulations on <f>164</f> lattices indicate that at zero <f>T</f> the theory experiences a second order phase transition to a diquark condensate state. Several methods of analysis, including equation of state fits suggested by Chiral Perturbation Theory, suggest that mean-field scaling describes this critical point. Nonzero <f>T</f> and <f>μ</f> are studied on <f>123×6</f> lattices. For low <f>T</f>, increasing <f>μ</f> takes the system through a line of second order phase transitions to a diquark condensed phase. Increasing <f>T</f> at high <f>μ</f>, the system passes through a line of first order transitions from the diquark phase to the quark–gluon plasma phase. Metastability is found near the first order line. Presumably, there is a tricritical point along this line of transitions. We estimate its position to be consistent with theoretical predictions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 7884885; Kogut, John B. 1; Email Address: j-kogut@uiuc.edu Toublan, Dominique 1 Sinclair, D.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, USA  2: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 642 Issue 1/2, p181; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Changjin
AU  - Mu, Chun
AU  - Zhang, Yuheng
T1  - Transport mechanism in La1.85Sr0.15Cu<f>1−x</f>Mg<f>x</f>O4 system
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/10/21/
VL  - 303
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
SN  - 03759601
AB  - The transport properties of the La1.85Sr0.15Cu<f>1−x</f>Mg<f>x</f>O4 solid solution series have been investigated by means of electric resistivity and thermoelectric power measurements. It exhibits a localized behavior for <f>0.02⩽x⩽0.2</f> samples at low temperature. At this temperature range, the conduction property shows two-dimensional variable range hopping behavior. For samples <f>x⩾0.3</f>, the small polaron model can well explain the conduction behavior at high temperature. The small polarons are induced by the coupling between the breathing mode phonon and the hole carriers. At low temperature range, the conduction mechanism deviates from the small polaron model and becomes dominated by hopping like process [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - POLARONS
KW  - Polaron
KW  - Thermoelectric power
N1  - Accession Number: 7906697; Zhang, Changjin; Email Address: jins@mail.ustc.edu.cn Mu, Chun 1 Zhang, Yuheng 1; Affiliation:  1: Structure Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei 230026, Anhui, PR China; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 303 Issue 4, p292; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: POLARONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polaron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermoelectric power; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Maslov, Sergei
AU  - Sneppen, Kim
T1  - Protein interaction networks beyond artifacts
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2002/10/23/
VL  - 530
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 255
SN  - 00145793
N1  - Accession Number: 7897892; Maslov, Sergei 1; Email Address: maslov@bnl.gov Sneppen, Kim 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 530 Issue 1-3, p255; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, S.-H.
AU  - Kim, J.
AU  - Stoll, M.E.
AU  - Abraham, D.
AU  - Sun, Y.K.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Layered Li(<F>Ni0.5−xMn0.5−xM2x′</F>)O2 (<F>M′=Co</F>, Al, Ti; <F>x=0</F>, 0.025) cathode materials for Li-ion rechargeable batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/10/24/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Layered Li(<F>Ni0.5−xMn0.5−xM2x′</F>)O2 materials (<F>M′=Co</F>, Al, Ti; <F>x=0</F>, 0.025) were synthesized using a manganese-nickel hydroxide precursor, and the effect of dopants on the electrochemical properties was investigated. Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O2 exhibited a discharge capacity of 120 mAh/g in the voltage range of 2.8–4.3 V with a slight capacity fade up to 40 cycles (0.09% per cycle); by doping of 5 mol% Co, Al, and Ti, the discharge capacities increased to 140, 142, and 132 mAh/g, respectively, and almost no capacity fading was observed. The cathode material containing 5 mol% Co had the lowest impedance, 47 Ω cm2, while undoped, Ti-doped, and Al-doped materials had impedance of 64, 62, and 99 Ω cm2, respectively. Unlike the other dopants, cobalt was found to improve the electronic conductivity of the material. Further improvement in the impedance of these materials is needed to meet the requirement for powering hybrid electric vehicle (HEV, <35 Ω cm2). In all materials, structural transformation from a layered to a spinel structure was not observed during electrochemical cycling. Cyclic voltammetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data suggested that Ni and Mn exist as Ni2+ and Mn4+ in the layered structure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data showed that exothermic peaks of fully charged Li1−y(<F>Ni0.5−xMn0.5−xM2x′</F>)O2 appeared at higher temperature (270–290 °C) than LiNiO2-based cathode materials, which indicates that the thermal stability of Li(<F>Ni0.5−xMn0.5−xM2x′</F>)O2 is better than those of LiNiO2-based cathode materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - LAYER structure (Solids)
KW  - Cathode materials
KW  - Layered structure
KW  - Lithium manganese nickel oxides
KW  - Lithium-ion rechargeable battery
N1  - Accession Number: 7896042; Kang, S.-H. 1 Kim, J. 1 Stoll, M.E. 1 Abraham, D. 1 Sun, Y.K. 2 Amine, K. 1; Email Address: amine@cmt.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue Building 203-C110, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Division of Chemical Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: LAYER structure (Solids); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium manganese nickel oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion rechargeable battery; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shim, J.
AU  - Kostecki, R.
AU  - Richardson, T.
AU  - Song, X.
AU  - Striebel, K.A.
T1  - Electrochemical analysis for cycle performance and capacity fading of a lithium-ion battery cycled at elevated temperature
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/10/24/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Laboratory-size LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2/graphite lithium-ion pouch cells were cycled over 100% DOD at room temperature and 60 °C in order to investigate high-temperature degradation mechanisms of this important technology. Capacity fade for the cell was correlated with that for the individual components, using electrochemical analysis of the electrodes and other diagnostic techniques. The high-temperature cell lost 65% of its initial capacity after 140 cycles at 60 °C compared to only a 4% loss for the cell cycled at room temperature. Cell ohmic impedance increased significantly with a elevated temperature cycling, resulting in some of loss of capacity at the C/2 rate. However, as determined with slow rate testing of the individual electrodes, the anode retained most of its original capacity, while the cathode lost 65%, even when cycled with a fresh source of lithium. Diagnostic evaluation of cell components including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, CSAFM and suggest capacity loss occurs primarily due to a rise in the impedance of the cathode, especially at the end-of-charge. The impedance rise may be caused in part by a loss of the conductive carbon at the surface of the cathode and/or by an organic film on the surface of the cathode that becomes non-ionically conductive at low lithium content. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - Cycle-life
KW  - Li-ion battery
KW  - LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2
N1  - Accession Number: 7896078; Shim, J. 1 Kostecki, R. 1 Richardson, T. 1 Song, X. 1 Striebel, K.A.; Email Address: kastriebel@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p222; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cycle-life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Braun, A.
AU  - Wang, HongXin
AU  - Bergmann, U.
AU  - Tucker, M.C.
AU  - Gu, Weiwei
AU  - Cramer, S.P.
AU  - Cairns, E.J.
T1  - Origin of chemical shift of manganese in lithium battery electrode materials—a comparison of hard and soft X-ray techniques
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/10/24/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 03787753
AB  - L-edge X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy and K<F>β</F> emission spectroscopy were applied to monitor ex situ chemical valence changes of manganese in battery electrode materials as they appear during electrode processing and battery operation. We found that significant chemical shifts of the spectra occur already during electrode fabrication, prior to any electrochemical treatment. Employment of these two different techniques allows for the qualitative separation of contributions originating from the surface and from the bulk of the electrode particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Battery electrodes
KW  - Hard X-ray
KW  - Manganese
KW  - Reduction
KW  - Soft X-ray
KW  - Surface
N1  - Accession Number: 7896079; Braun, A. 1; Email Address: abraun@lbl.gov Wang, HongXin 2,3 Bergmann, U. 3 Tucker, M.C. 4 Gu, Weiwei 2,3 Cramer, S.P. 2,3 Cairns, E.J. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Applied Sciences, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physical Biosciences, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Chemical Engineering Department, University of California at Berkeley, Gilman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p231; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard X-ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doeff, Marca M.
AU  - Richardson, Thomas J.
AU  - Hollingsworth, Joel
AU  - Yuan, Chun-Wei
AU  - Gonzales, Marcela
T1  - Synthesis and characterization of a copper-substituted manganese oxide with the Na0.44MnO2 structure
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/10/24/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 294
SN  - 03787753
AB  - NaxCu0.11Mn0.89O2 (<F>x=0.4–0.5</F>) with the Na0.44MnO2 structure was prepared by sol–gel, glycine–nitrate combustion synthesis and solid-state routes. Li0.45−xCu0.11Mn0.89O2 was prepared by ion exchange from the glycine–nitrate sodium-containing precursor. Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction power patterns indicates that Cu substitutes in the Mn3-position. The electrochemical characteristics of LixCu0.11Mn0.89O2 are changed by Cu-substitution, resulting in a somewhat lower capacity between fixed voltage limits compared to the unsubstituted material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - Manganese oxides
KW  - Rechargeable lithium battery
N1  - Accession Number: 7896090; Doeff, Marca M. 1; Email Address: mmdoeff@lbl.gov Richardson, Thomas J. 2 Hollingsworth, Joel 1 Yuan, Chun-Wei 1 Gonzales, Marcela 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p294; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rechargeable lithium battery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Michael
T1  - Fuel choices for fuel-cell vehicles: well-to-wheels energy and emission impacts
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/10/24/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Because of their high energy efficiencies and low emissions, fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) are undergoing extensive research and development. While hydrogen will likely be the ultimate fuel to power fuel-cell vehicles, because of current infrastructure constraints, hydrogen-carrying fuels are being investigated as transitional fuel-cell fuels. A complete well-to-wheels (WTW) evaluation of fuel-cell vehicle energy and emission effects that examines (1) energy feedstock recovery and transportation; (2) fuel production, transportation, and distribution; and (3) vehicle operation must be conducted to assist decision makers in selecting the fuel-cell fuels that achieve the greatest energy and emission benefits.A fuel-cycle model developed at Argonne National Laboratory—called the Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation (GREET) model—was used to evaluate well-to-wheels energy and emission impacts of various fuel-cell fuels. The results show that different fuel-cell fuels can have significantly different energy and greenhouse gas emission effects. Therefore, if fuel-cell vehicles are to achieve the envisioned energy and emission reduction benefits, pathways for producing the fuels that power them must be carefully examined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC vehicles
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - Energy use
KW  - Fuel-cell vehicles
KW  - Fuels
KW  - Greenhouse gas emissions
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Well-to-wheels analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 7896093; Wang, Michael 1; Email Address: mqwang@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p307; Subject Term: ELECTRIC vehicles; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ENERGY conservation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy use; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel-cell vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse gas emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Well-to-wheels analysis; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macesanu, C.
AU  - McMullen, C.D.
AU  - Nandi, S.
T1  - New signal for universal extra dimensions
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/10/24/
VL  - 546
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 03702693
AB  - In the universal extra dimensions (UED) scenario, the tree level masses of the first level Kaluza–Klein (KK) excitations of Standard Model particles are essentially degenerate. Radiative corrections will, however, lift this degeneracy, allowing the first level excitations to decay to the lightest KK particle (LKP), which is the <f>γ&ast;</f>. KK number conservation implies that the LKP is stable. Then, since the SM particles radiated during these decays are rather soft, the observation of KK excitations production and decay in collider experiments will be quite difficult. We propose to add to this model KK number violating interactions mediated by gravity, which allow the <f>γ&ast;</f> to decay to a photon and a KK graviton. For a variety a models and a large range of parameters, these decays will occur within the detector. Thus, pair production of KK excitations will give rise to a striking collider signal, consisting of two hard photons plus large missing energy (due to escaping gravitons). We evaluate the cross-section for these signals at the Tevatron and LHC, and derive the reach of these colliders in the search for universal extra dimensions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - NUCLEAR research
N1  - Accession Number: 7896785; Macesanu, C. 1,2; Email Address: mcos@pas.rochester.edu McMullen, C.D. 1; Email Address: mcmulle@okstate.edu Nandi, S. 1,2; Email Address: shaown@okstate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA<fn id="fn001"><no>1</no>Summer Visitor Program.</fn>; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 546 Issue 3/4, p253; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boles, Jeffrey O.
AU  - Henderson, James
AU  - Hatch, Duane
AU  - Silks, Louis A. “Pete”
T1  - Synthesis and incorporation of [6,7]-selenatryptophan into dihydrofolate reductase
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2002/10/25/
VL  - 298
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - Until recently, the only selenium containing amino acid which could be used to completely substitute for a wild type amino acid was selenomethionine (SeMet). In the last decade the preparation of SeMet containing proteins has proved to be valuable tools in the determination of three-dimensional structure by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) techniques. The potential utility of a selenium containing tryptophan analog, <f>β</f>-seleno[3,2-b]pyrrolyl-l-alanine ([4,5]selenatryptophan), has recently been demonstrated in the literature. This finding shows promise for the bioincorporation of its positional isomer, <f>β</f>-selenolo[2,3-b]pyrrolyl-l-alanine ([6,7]selenatryptophan), thereby adding to the essential arsenal of selenium-containing amino acids for use in the characterization of proteins. The synthesis of [6,7]selenatryptophan by enzymatic biotransformation with tryptophan synthase from selenolo[2,3-b]pyrrole was carried out as well as its characterization by NMR spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography. Selenatryptophyl dihydrofolate reductase ([6,7]SeTrp-DHFR) was then synthesized in vivo, purified, and found to exhibit no perturbations to enzymatic activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - <f>β</f>-Selenolo[2,3-b]pyrrolyl-l-alanine
KW  - <f>β</f>-Seleno[3,2-b]pyrrolyl-l-alanine
KW  - Selenolo[2,3-b]pyrrole
KW  - Selenomethionine
KW  - Telluromethionine
KW  - [4,5]Selenatryptophan
KW  - [4,5]SeTrp
KW  - [6,7]Selenatryptophan
KW  - [6,7]SeTrp
N1  - Accession Number: 8518378; Boles, Jeffrey O. 1; Email Address: Jboles@tntech.edu Henderson, James 1 Hatch, Duane 1 Silks, Louis A. “Pete” 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA  2: National Stable Isotope Resource, Szilard Resource, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 298 Issue 2, p257; Subject Term: SELENIUM; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>β</f>-Selenolo[2,3-b]pyrrolyl-l-alanine; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>β</f>-Seleno[3,2-b]pyrrolyl-l-alanine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selenolo[2,3-b]pyrrole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selenomethionine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telluromethionine; Author-Supplied Keyword: [4,5]Selenatryptophan; Author-Supplied Keyword: [4,5]SeTrp; Author-Supplied Keyword: [6,7]Selenatryptophan; Author-Supplied Keyword: [6,7]SeTrp; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaschner, George C.
AU  - Gibeling, Jeffery C.
T1  - A study of the mechanisms of cyclic deformation in f.c.c. metals using strain rate change tests
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/10/25/
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Plastic strain rate change tests were performed during low cycle fatigue (LCF) of 7075-T6 aluminum and Type 304 stainless steel using plastic strain as the control variable. The evolution of dislocation interactions was observed by evaluating the activation area and true stress as a function of cumulative plastic strain. Activation areas for 7075-T6 aluminum at each of three plastic strain amplitudes, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6%, have initial values of approximately 250–450 b2 which decrease to 70–115 b2, respectively, during cyclic loading to saturation. Activation areas for 304 stainless steel at both amplitudes tested, 0.4 and 0.6%, exhibit initial values of 90 b2 which increase slightly to 130 b2 at large cumulative strains. Both materials show a deviation from the Cottrell–Stokes law during cyclic hardening and softening. Tests performed at saturation reveal a mild dependence of activation area on plastic strain amplitude for aluminum but no such relationship for stainless steel. These results reflect a contrast between wavy slip for pure copper and 7075 aluminum versus planar slip for 304 stainless steel tested at room temperature. In addition, the Cottrell–Stokes law holds in both alloys at saturation. Dislocation motion in 7075 aluminum and 304 stainless steel is controlled by obstacles that are characteristically more thermal than forest dislocations; obstacles in 7075-T6 aluminum are identified as solutes from re-desolved particles; for 304 stainless steel, the obstacles are also in the form of solutes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Cottrell–Stokes law
KW  - Dislocation glide
KW  - Low cycle fatigue
KW  - Strain rate change
KW  - Thermal activation
N1  - Accession Number: 7851156; Kaschner, George C. 1 Gibeling, Jeffery C. 2; Email Address: jcgibeling@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: MST-8, Structure/Properties Relationships, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p170; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cottrell–Stokes law; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation glide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low cycle fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain rate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal activation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schilling, Christopher H.
AU  - Tomasik, Piotr
AU  - Li, Chuangping
AU  - Sikora, Marek
T1  - Protein plasticizers for aqueous suspensions of micrometric- and nanometric-alumina powder
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/10/25/
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Ovoalbumin and its hydrolysate were developed as economical and environmental friendly plasticizers for the production of engineering ceramics from micrometric- and nanometric-sized powders. These proteins are feasible as replacements for commonly used petrochemicals that suffer from problems of toxicity, volatility, flammability, and high cost. A key advantage to protein-based additives is that they are available from inexpensive plant and animal sources (e.g. waste products such as slaughterhouse blood, by-products from meat and plant production). Aqueous alumina suspensions and high-density aqueous alumina pastes were blended with such proteins to form green bodies that were easily moldable and could be sintered to full density without cracking. The application of proteins provides thermally induced gelation of aqueous alumina suspensions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALBUMINS
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - Albumin
KW  - Albumin hydrolysate
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Gelcasting
KW  - Nanomaterials
KW  - Rheology
N1  - Accession Number: 7851163; Schilling, Christopher H. 1; Email Address: schillin@iastate.edu Tomasik, Piotr 2 Li, Chuangping 1 Sikora, Marek 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory<fn id="fn2"><no>2</no>Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University under the contract number W-74005-eng-82 with the US Department of Energy.</fn> and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: University of Agriculture, Mickiewicz Avenue, 21, 31 120 Cracow, Poland; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p219; Subject Term: ALBUMINS; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Albumin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Albumin hydrolysate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gelcasting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanomaterials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mryasov, O.N.
AU  - Gornostyrev, Yu. N.
AU  - van Schilfgaarde, M.
AU  - Freeman, A.J.
T1  - Superdislocation core structure in L12 Ni3Al, Ni3Ge and Fe3Ge: Peierls–Nabarro analysis starting from ab-initio GSF energetics calculations
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/10/28/
VL  - 50
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4545
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Superdislocation core structures in L12 Ni3Ge, Fe3Ge and Ni3Al were determined on the basis of ab-initio generalized stacking fault (GSF) energetics calculations. Superdislocation dissociation schemes, partials separation and core widths were calculated within the modified Peierls–Nabarro (PN) model with ab-initio GSF parameterization. Calculated superdislocation core structure parameters were found to be in agreement with available experimental data. The superdislocation core with type I (fourfold) dissociation was found to be unstable in Fe3Ge but stable and energetically preferred in Ni3Ge and Ni3Al. These results allows us to suggest a mechanism for the octahedral glide being inactive in Fe3Ge which is found to be different in several aspects with those discussed so far in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 7888597; Mryasov, O.N. 1 Gornostyrev, Yu. N. 2,3 van Schilfgaarde, M. 1 Freeman, A.J. 2; Email Address: art@freeman.phys.nwu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208-3112, USA  3: Institute of Metal Physics, Yekaterinburg, Russia; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 50 Issue 18, p4545; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, Hua-Gen
T1  - Accelerating the calculation of the rovibrational energies of tetraatomic molecules using a two-layer Lanczos algorithm
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/10/28/
VL  - 365
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The two-layer Lanczos algorithm has been extended to study the rovibrational spectrum of four-atom molecules in a mixed grid/finite basis representation basis. This algorithm exploits the partitioning structure of the Hamiltonian in polyspherical coordinates, and calculates the eigenstates in a reduced-dimension (RD) way but exactly. It consists of the standard Lanczos method for the outer layer iteration and the guided spectral transform (GST) Lanczos for the inner layer. For <f>H2CO</f>, numerical results show that the two-layer Lanczos method is substantially efficient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - COORDINATES
N1  - Accession Number: 7896832; Yu, Hua-Gen 1; Email Address: hgy@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 365 Issue 1/2, p189; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: COORDINATES; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kevrekidis, P.G.
AU  - Malomed, B.A.
T1  - Solitons in coupled Toda lattices
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/10/28/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 328
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We introduce a natural model of two Toda lattices (TLs) with an attractive linear coupling between them. By means of systematic simulations, we study interactions between solitons in the two chains. Two new long-lived states are found, which have no counterparts in the usual single-component TL equation: a steadily moving double-humped pulse (with unequal humps, but identical field distributions in the two components), and a large nearly-static immobile pulse, with small internal vibrations. Collisions between solitons are also studied. Such collisions generate conspicuous emission of radiation, but do not result in merger of solitons into a bound state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 7912012; Kevrekidis, P.G. 1,2; Email Address: kevrekid@math.umass.edu Malomed, B.A. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-4515, USA  2: Center for Non-Linear Studies and Theoretical Division, MS B258, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 303 Issue 5/6, p328; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gordon, Steven J.
AU  - Brady, Patrick V.
T1  - In situ determination of long-term basaltic glass dissolution in the unsaturated zone
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2002/10/30/
VL  - 190
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Maximum in situ weathering rates of basaltic glass measured at the El Malpais National Monument in New Mexico are on the order of 2–5×10−19 mol/cm2 s. Rates were calculated from backscattered electron (BSE) imaging of weathered porosity and are equivalent to 1.7–5% of the surface per 1000 years. Weathering is independent of glass composition but appears to increase with flow elevation at El Malpais. Measured rates represent weathering over 3000 years and are substantially lower than glass dissolution rates measured in the laboratory over much shorter time spans. Basaltic glass is a close chemical analogue to glass hosts proposed for encapsulation of high-level nuclear wastes. Radionuclide release rates predicted from the basis of in situ field rates are substantially less than those predicted from short-term laboratory experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - WEATHERING
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - Basaltic glass
KW  - El Malpais
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Weathering
N1  - Accession Number: 7787930; Gordon, Steven J. 1; Email Address: steve.gordon@usafa.af.mil Brady, Patrick V. 2; Email Address: pvbrady@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Economics and Geography, United States Air Force Academy, HQ USAFA/DFEG, 2354 Fairchild Dr., Suite 6K110, USAF Academy, CO 80840-6299, USA  2: Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0750, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 190 Issue 1-4, p113; Subject Term: WEATHERING; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Basaltic glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: El Malpais; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weathering; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minissale, A.
AU  - Kerrick, D.M.
AU  - Magro, G.
AU  - Murrell, M.T.
AU  - Paladini, M.
AU  - Rihs, S.
AU  - Sturchio, N.C.
AU  - Tassi, F.
AU  - Vaselli, O.
T1  - Geochemistry of Quaternary travertines in the region north of Rome (Italy): structural, hydrologic and paleoclimatic implications
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2002/10/30/
VL  - 203
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 709
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - In the Tyrrhenian region of central Italy, late Quaternary fossil travertines are widespread along two major regional structures: the Tiber Valley and the Ancona–Anzio line. The origin and transport of spring waters from which travertines precipitate are elucidated by chemical and isotopic studies of the travertines and associated thermal springs and gas vents. There are consistent differences in the geochemical and isotopic signatures of thermal spring waters, gas vents and present and fossil travertines between east and west of the Tiber Valley. West of the Tiber Valley, δ13C of CO2 discharged from gas vents and δ13C of fossil travertines are higher than those to the east. To the west the travertines have higher strontium contents, and gases emitted from vents have higher 3He/4He ratios and lower N2 contents, than to the east. Fossil travertines to the west have characteristics typical of thermogene (thermal spring) origin, whereas those to the east have meteogene (low-temperature) characteristics (including abundant plant casts and organic impurities). The regional geochemical differences in travertines and fluid compositions across the Tiber Valley are interpreted with a model of regional fluid flow. The regional Mesozoic limestone aquifer is recharged in the main axis of the Apennine chain, and the groundwater flows westward and is discharged at springs. The travertine-precipitating waters east of the Tiber Valley have shallower flow paths than those to the west. Because of the comparatively short fluid flow paths and low (normal) heat flow, the groundwaters to the east of the Tiber Valley are cold and have CO2 isotopic signatures, indicating a significant biogenic contribution acquired from soils in the recharge area and limited deeply derived CO2. In contrast, spring waters west of the Tiber Valley have been conductively heated during transit in these high heat-flow areas and have incorporated a comparatively large quantity of CO2 derived from decarbonation of limestone. The elevated strontium content of the thermal spring water west of the Tiber Valley is attributed to deep circulation and dissolution of a Triassic evaporite unit that is stratigraphically beneath the Mesozoic limestone. U-series age dates of fossil travertines indicate three main periods of travertine formation (ka): 220–240, 120–140 and 60–70. Based on the regional flow model correlating travertine deposition at thermal springs and precipitation in the recharge area, we suggest that pluvial activity was enhanced during these periods. Our study suggests that travertines preserve a valuable record of paleofluid composition and paleoprecipitation and are thus useful for reconstructing paleohydrology and paleoclimate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - TRAVERTINE
KW  - PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
KW  - PALEOHYDROLOGY
KW  - Italy
KW  - paleoclimatology
KW  - paleohydrology
KW  - travertine
N1  - Accession Number: 7906061; Minissale, A. 1; Email Address: minissa@csmga.fi.cnr.it Kerrick, D.M. 2; Email Address: kerrick@geosc.psu.edu Magro, G. 3; Email Address: g.magro@iggi.pi.cnr.it Murrell, M.T. 4; Email Address: mmurrell@lanl.gov Paladini, M. 5; Email Address: mauro.paladini@internetlibero.it Rihs, S. 6; Email Address: rihs@illite.u-strasbg.fr Sturchio, N.C. 7; Email Address: sturchio@uic.edu Tassi, F. 5; Email Address: francot@steno.geo.unifi.it Vaselli, O. 5; Email Address: orlando@steno.geo.unifi.it; Affiliation:  1: C.N.R. (Italian Council for Research) – Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources (Section of Florence), Via La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy  2: Department of Geosciences, Penn State University, 243 Deike Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA  3: C.N.R. (Italian Council for Research) – Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via Alfieri 1, Loc. San Cataldo, 56127 Pisa, Italy  4: Chemistry Division, MS-J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy  6: Centre de Géochimie de la Surface, Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France  7: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 203 Issue 2, p709; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: TRAVERTINE; Subject Term: PALEOCLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: PALEOHYDROLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Italy; Author-Supplied Keyword: paleoclimatology; Author-Supplied Keyword: paleohydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: travertine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zschiesche, D.
AU  - Schramm, S.
AU  - Schaffner-Bielich, J.
AU  - Stöcker, H.
AU  - Greiner, W.
T1  - Particle ratios at RHIC: Effective hadron masses and chemical freeze-out
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/10/31/
VL  - 547
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The measured particle ratios in central heavy-ion collisions at RHIC-BNL are investigated within a chemical and thermal equilibrium chiral <f>SU(3)</f> <f>σ</f>–<f>ω</f> approach. The commonly adopted noninteracting gas calculations yield temperatures close to or above the critical temperature for the chiral phase transition, but without taking into account any interactions. Contrary, the chiral <f>SU(3)</f> model predicts temperature and density dependent effective hadron masses and effective chemical potentials in the medium and a transition to a chirally restored phase at high temperatures or chemical potentials. Three different parametrizations of the model, which show different types of phase transition behaviour, are investigated. We show that if a chiral phase transition occured in those collisions, “freezing” of the relative hadron abundances in the symmetric phase is excluded by the data. Therefore, either very rapid chemical equilibration must occur in the broken phase, or the measured hadron ratios are the outcome of the dynamical symmetry breaking. Furthermore, the extracted chemical freeze-out parameters differ considerably from those obtained in simple noninteracting gas calculations. In particular, the three models yield up to <f>35</f> MeV lower temperatures than the free gas approximation. The in-medium masses turn out to differ up to <f>150</f> MeV from their vacuum values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium
KW  - CHEMICAL equilibrium
N1  - Accession Number: 7906701; Zschiesche, D. 1; Email Address: ziesche@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de Schramm, S. 2 Schaffner-Bielich, J. 3 Stöcker, H. 1,4 Greiner, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Robert Mayer Str. 8-10, D-60054 Frankfurt am Main, Germany  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  4: Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées, University of Nantes, IN2P3/CNRS, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, F-44072 Nantes Cedex 03, France; Source Info: Oct2002, Vol. 547 Issue 1/2, p7; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium; Subject Term: CHEMICAL equilibrium; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shim, Hyunsup
AU  - Phillips, Jonathan
AU  - Fonseca, I.M.
AU  - Carabinerio, S.
T1  - Plasma generation of supported metal catalysts
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 237
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - A novel method to prepare supported metal catalysts is described. A microwave frequency plasma torch was employed to create supported metal catalysts from physical mixtures of a metal (palladium, particles or molecular precursor) and a traditional support material (alumina). Specifically, an aerosol containing particles of metal and support was injected into the center of an atmosphere pressure plasma generated with a commercial microwave torch. Catalytic studies of the selective isomerization of 1-butene indicate that catalysts created in this novel fashion are more selective, but less active, than catalysts prepared on the same support by incipient wetness. Catalysts prepared by incipient wetness impregnation of alumina (no metal) pre-treated in the microwave torch were found to have both high activity and enhanced selectivity. Characterization studies suggest that the plasma generated catalysts consist of nano-scale metal particles on highly modified support material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PALLADIUM catalysts
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - Alumina
KW  - Double bond shift
KW  - Palladium supported catalyst
KW  - Plasma
KW  - Selective hydrogenation
N1  - Accession Number: 7880717; Shim, Hyunsup 1 Phillips, Jonathan 2; Email Address: jphillips@lanl.gov Fonseca, I.M. 3 Carabinerio, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-4400, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Teanologia, 2825 Monte Caprica, Portugal; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 237 Issue 1/2, p41; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PALLADIUM catalysts; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double bond shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium supported catalyst; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective hydrogenation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
T1  - Richard M. Lambrecht
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 605
SN  - 09698043
N1  - Accession Number: 7879395; Fowler, Joanna S. 1; Email Address: fowler@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY 11917, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 57 Issue 5, p605; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mirzadeh, S.
AU  - Lambrecht, F.Y.
AU  - Lambrecht, R.M.
T1  - Decay of tungsten-189
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
SN  - 09698043
AB  - We studied the decay of 189W as produced via the 192Os[<f>n</f>,α]189W reaction on a 99.9% isotopically enriched 192Os target. The irradiations were performed at the intense neutron beam facility at Cyclotron Research Center, Universite´ Catholique Louvain-la-Neuve (CRC-UCL) (Belgium), where fast neutrons [<f>En∼20</f> MeV, <f>φn=(4.8±0.3)</f>1011 ns−1 cm−2] were generated by stopping 50 MeV deuterons on a thick Be target. The half-life of 189W was determined to be 9.3±0.3 min, compared to 10.8±0.2 min obtained from the 188W[<f>n</f>,γ]189W reaction. The energies of the two predominant γ-rays of 189W, 260.4±1.3 and 421.7±1.4 keV were in good agreement with that from the [<f>n</f>,γ] reaction, however, the relative intensities of the two γ-rays were not consistent. From the [<f>n</f>,γ] reaction, the relative intensities of the 260 and 421 keV γ-rays were 97 to 100, whereas from the [<f>n</f>,α] reaction the relative intensities were 100 to 77, respectively. Assuming a cross-section ratio of 20±5 for [n,p3n] to [n,α] reactions, a cross-section of 0.5±0.2 mb was suggested for the 192Os[n,α]189W reaction, and the absolute intensity of the 260 keV γ-ray was estimated to be ∼50%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNGSTEN isotopes
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - FAST neutrons
KW  - Fast neutron
KW  - Nuclear reactions
KW  - Tungsten-189
N1  - Accession Number: 7879398; Mirzadeh, S. 1; Email Address: mirzadehs@ornl.gov Lambrecht, F.Y. 2 Lambrecht, R.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6229, USA  2: Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Bornova 35100 Izmir, Turkey  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522 Wollongong, Australia; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 57 Issue 5, p637; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN isotopes; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: FAST neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten-189; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
AU  - Dong, Weijin
AU  - Meyers, Tilden
T1  - Transpiration of gaseous elemental mercury through vegetation in a subtropical wetland in Florida
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 5207
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Four seasonal sampling campaigns were carried out in the Florida Everglades to measure elemental Hg vapor (Hg°) fluxes over emergent macrophytes using a modified Bowen ratio gradient approach. The predominant flux of Hg° over both invasive cattail and native sawgrass stands was emission; mean day time fluxes over cattail ranged from ∼20 (winter) to ∼40 (summer) ng m−2 h−1. Sawgrass fluxes were about half those over cattail during comparable periods. Emission from vegetation significantly exceeded evasion of Hg° from the underlying water surface (∼1–2 ng m−2 h−1) measured simultaneously using floating chambers. Among several environmental factors (e.g. CO2 flux, water vapor flux, wind speed, water, air and leaf temperature, and solar radiation), water vapor exhibited the strongest correlation with Hg° flux, and transpiration is suggested as an appropriate term to describe this phenomenon. The lack of significant Hg° emissions from a live, but uprooted (floating) cattail stand suggests that a likely source of the transpired Hg° is the underlying sediments. The pattern of Hg° fluxes typically measured indicated a diel cycle with two peaks, possibly related to different gas exchange dynamics: one in early morning related to lacunal gas release, and a second at midday related to transpiration; nighttime fluxes approached zero. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - CLADIUM
KW  - TYPHA
KW  - TRANSPIRATION of plants
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Cladium jamaicense
KW  - Everglades
KW  - Fluxes
KW  - Typha domingenesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7904965; Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Email Address: sll@ornl.gov Dong, Weijin 1,2 Meyers, Tilden 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  3: Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, NOAA, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 36 Issue 33, p5207; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CLADIUM; Subject Term: TYPHA; Subject Term: TRANSPIRATION of plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cladium jamaicense; Author-Supplied Keyword: Everglades; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Typha domingenesis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LANGANKE, K.
AU  - KOLBE, E.
T1  - NEUTRINO-INDUCED NEUTRAL-CURRENT REACTION CROSS SECTIONS FOR r-PROCESS NUCLEI
JO  - Atomic Data & Nuclear Data Tables
JF  - Atomic Data & Nuclear Data Tables
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 82
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 0092640X
AB  - Neutrino-induced reactions play an important role during and after the r-process, if the latter occurs in an environment with extreme neutrino fluxes such as the neutrino-driven wind model or neutron star mergers. Recently we have evaluated the charged-current neutrino–nucleus cross sections relevant for r-process simulations. We extend our approach here to the neutral-current cross sections. Our tabulation considers neutron-rich nuclei with neutron numbers N=41–135 and charge numbers Z=21–82 and lists total as well as partial neutron spallation cross sections. The calculations have been performed within the random phase approximation considering multipole transitions with J≤3 and both parities. The supernova neutrino spectrum is described by a Fermi–Dirac distribution with various temperature parameters between T=2.8 MeV and T=10 MeV and with the degeneracy parameters α=0 and α=3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atomic Data & Nuclear Data Tables is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NEUTRON stars
N1  - Accession Number: 8805284; LANGANKE, K. 1 KOLBE, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Denmark  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 82 Issue 2, p191; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NEUTRON stars; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/adnd.2002.0883
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sokhansanj, Shahab
AU  - Turhollow, Anthony
AU  - Cushman, Janet
AU  - Cundiff, John
T1  - Engineering aspects of collecting corn stover for bioenergy
JO  - Biomass & Bioenergy
JF  - Biomass & Bioenergy
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 23
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
SN  - 09619534
AB  - More than 216 million t (238 million tons) of corn stover (dry basis) is produced annually in the USA of which a portion could possibly be collected for conversion to ethanol and other industrial products. This paper examines published data on collecting corn stover using field machinery, including moisture content, mass fractions, and the amount of stover removed from the field. It is shown that a typical sequence of shredding, windrowing and round baling operations may result in a collection efficiency of <f><40%</f>. Other factors such as weather, season, and leaving stover for environmental reasons may also reduce the amount of stover collected per unit area. Collection cost would depend on the amount of stover collected per unit area, the number of operations, machine efficiency in each operation, and bulk density. A typical cost calculated for round baling and delivering the bales to a storage <f>8 km</f> (5 miles) away from a harvested field amounted to $21.60/dry t ($19.70/dry ton). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomass & Bioenergy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORN stover
KW  - HARVESTING
KW  - Baling
KW  - Corn
KW  - Cost
KW  - Equipment
KW  - Harvest
KW  - Maize
KW  - Residue
KW  - Stalk
KW  - Stover
KW  - Straw
N1  - Accession Number: 7879773; Sokhansanj, Shahab 1; Email Address: sokhansanjs@ornl.gov Turhollow, Anthony 2 Cushman, Janet 1 Cundiff, John 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1511 East 2050 North, North Logan, UT 84341-8804, USA  3: Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Technical University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0303, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 23 Issue 5, p347; Subject Term: CORN stover; Subject Term: HARVESTING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cost; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equipment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harvest; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maize; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stalk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stover; Author-Supplied Keyword: Straw; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Jielun
AU  - Burns, Sean P.
AU  - Lenschow, Donald H.
AU  - Banta, Robert
AU  - Newsom, Rob
AU  - Coulter, Richard
AU  - Frasier, Stephen
AU  - Ince, Turker
AU  - Nappo, Carmen
AU  - Cuxart, Joan
AU  - Blumen, William
AU  - Lee, Xuhui
AU  - Hu, Xin-Zhang
T1  - Intermittent Turbulence Associated with a Density Current Passage in the Stable Boundary Layer.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 105
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 219
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - Using the unprecedented observational capabilities deployed during the Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study-99 (CASES-99), we found three distinct turbulence events on the night of 18 October 1999, each of which was associated with different phenomena: a density current, solitary waves, and downward propagating waves from a low-level jet. In this study, we focus on the first event, the density current and its associated intermittent turbulence. As the cold density current propagated through the CASES-99 site, eddy motions in the upper part of the density current led to periodic overturning of the stratified flow, local thermal instability and a downward diffusion of turbulent mixing. Propagation of the density current induced a secondary circulation. The descending motion following the head of the density current resulted in strong stratification, a sharp reduction in the turbulence, and a sudden increase in the wind speed. As the wind surge propagated toward the surface, shear instability generated upward diffusion of turbulent mixing. We demonstrate in detail that the height and sequence of the local thermal and shear instabilities associated with the dynamics of the density current are responsible for the apparent intermittent turbulence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Analytical mechanics
KW  - Stratified flow
KW  - Eddy currents (Electric)
KW  - Density currents
KW  - Intermittent turbulence
KW  - Nocturnal boundary layer
KW  - Stable surface layer
N1  - Accession Number: 15606627; Sun, Jielun 1; Burns, Sean P. 1; Lenschow, Donald H. 1; Banta, Robert 2; Newsom, Rob 3; Coulter, Richard 4; Frasier, Stephen 5; Ince, Turker 5; Nappo, Carmen 6; Cuxart, Joan 7; Blumen, William 8; Lee, Xuhui 9; Hu, Xin-Zhang 9; Affiliations: 1: National Center for Atmospheric Research; 2: NOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.; 3: Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Fort Collins, Colorado, U.S.A.; 4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A.; 5: University of Massachusetts, Amherst, U.S.A.; 6: Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.; 7: Instituto National Meteorologia, Barcelona, Spain; 8: Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, U.S.A.; 9: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Nov2002, Vol. 105 Issue 2, p199; Subject Term: Turbulence; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Subject Term: Analytical mechanics; Subject Term: Stratified flow; Subject Term: Eddy currents (Electric); Author-Supplied Keyword: Density currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermittent turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nocturnal boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stable surface layer; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banta, R.M.
AU  - Newsom, R. K.
AU  - Lundquist, J. K.
AU  - Pichugina, Y. L.
AU  - Coulter, R. L.
AU  - Mahrt, L.
T1  - Nocturnal Low-Level Jet Characteristics Over Kansas During Cases-99.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 105
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 252
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - Characteristics and evolution of the low-level jet (LLJ) over southeastern Kansas were investigated during the 1999 Cooperative Surface-Atmosphere Exchange Study (CASES–99) field campaign with an instrument complement consisting of a high-resolution Doppler lidar (HRDL), a 60 m instrumented tower, and a triangle of Doppler mini-sodar/profiler combinations. Using this collection of instrumentation we determined the speed UX, height ZX and direction DX of the LLJ. We investigate here the frequency of occurrence, the spatial distribution, and the evolution through the night, of these LLJ characteristics. The jet of interest in this study was that which generates the shear and turbulence below the jet and near the surface. This was represented by the lowest wind maximum. We found that this wind maximum, which was most often between 7 and 10 m s‐1, was often at or just below 100 m above ground level as measured by HRDL at the CASES central site. Over the 60 km profiler–sodar array, the topography varied by ∼100 m. The wind speed and direction were relatively constant over this distance (with some tendency for stronger winds at the highest site), but ZX was more variable. ZX was occasionally about equal at all three sites, indicating that the jet was following the terrain, but more often it seemed to be relatively level, i.e., at about the same height above sea level. ZX was also more variable than UX in the behaviour of the LLJ with time through the night, and on some nights $UX was remarkably steady. Examples of two nights with strong turbulence below jet level were further investigated using the 60 m tower at the main CASES–99 site. Evidence of TKE increasing with height and downward turbulent transport of TKE indicates that turbulence was primarily generated aloft and mixed downward, supporting the upside–down boundary layer notion in the stable boundary layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Winds
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Combinatorial analysis
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology)
KW  - Boundary layer (Aerodynamics)
KW  - CASES-99
KW  - Lidar
KW  - Low–level jet
KW  - Nocturnal boundary layer
KW  - Stable boundary layer
KW  - Wind profiles
N1  - Accession Number: 15606628; Banta, R.M. 1; Email Address: robert.banta@noaa.gov; Newsom, R. K. 2; Lundquist, J. K. 3; Pichugina, Y. L. 2; Coulter, R. L. 4; Mahrt, L. 5; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Technology Laboratory/NOAA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, U.S.A.; 2: Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Ft. Collins, Colorado, U.S.A.; 3: Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, U.S.A.; 4: Argonne National Laboratory, IL, U.S.A.; 5: College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Nov2002, Vol. 105 Issue 2, p221; Thesaurus Term: Winds; Subject Term: Turbulence; Subject Term: Combinatorial analysis; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Subject Term: Boundary layer (Aerodynamics); Author-Supplied Keyword: CASES-99; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lidar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low–level jet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nocturnal boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stable boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wind profiles; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coulter, R. L.
AU  - Doran, J. C.
T1  - Spatial and Temporal Occurrences of Intermittent Turbulence During CASES-99.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 105
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
EP  - 349
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - Occurrences of intermittent turbulence in very stable conditions during the CASES-99 field study near Leon, Kansas were detected at several sites separated by horizontal distances from 1 km to 25 km using sonic anemometers, minisodars and a laser scintillometer. Periods with significant turbulent heat fluxes were separated by extended quiescent periods with little or no flux, and most of the flux during a night was realized in relatively small fractions (<20%) of the total time. There appeared to be no relationship between this intermittency fraction and the median z/L (z being height and L the Obukhov length) value for the night, although overall sensible heat flux values on very stable nights were significantly less than those on less stable nights. The intermittency fraction at 7 m was found to increase with mean wind speed at 20 m and, to a lesser extent, with wind shear between 20 m and 30 m. While correspondence of turbulent episodes at two sites separated by 1 km was common, it was less common at separations on the order of 20 km. There were time periods, however, during which enhanced turbulence levels were seen nearly simultaneously at large separation distances. Turbulence episodes were found to propagate upward or downward at different times with no readily defined large-scale controlling mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meteorological instruments
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Intermittency (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Anemometer
KW  - Heat flux transducers
KW  - Intermittency
KW  - Nocturnal boundary layer
N1  - Accession Number: 15606626; Coulter, R. L. 1; Email Address: rlcoulter@anl.gov; Doran, J. C. 2; Affiliations: 1: ER Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Nov2002, Vol. 105 Issue 2, p329; Thesaurus Term: Meteorological instruments; Subject Term: Turbulence; Subject Term: Intermittency (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Statistics; Subject Term: Anemometer; Subject Term: Heat flux transducers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermittency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nocturnal boundary layer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lorenzetti, David M.
T1  - Computational aspects of nodal multizone airflow systems
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 37
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
SN  - 03601323
AB  - The multizone approach to steady-state airflow problems models a building as a network of discrete mass flow paths. A nodal formulation of the problem writes the governing equations in terms of the unknown pressures at the points where the flow paths connect. This paper proves conditions under which the nodal equations yield symmetric positive-definite matrices, guaranteeing a unique solution to the flow network. It also establishes relaxed conditions under which a nodal airflow system yields asymmetric matrices with positive eigenvalues, guaranteeing at least one solution.Properly exploiting the system properties greatly reduces the cost of numerical solution. Thus, multizone airflow programs such as CONTAM and COMIS depend on symmetric positive-definite systems. However, the background literature neglects or simplifies the underlying assumptions, does not assert existence and uniqueness, and even contains factual errors. This paper corrects those errors, states the implicit assumptions made in the programs, and discusses implications for modelers and programmers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Air flow
KW  - Eigenvalues
KW  - Airflow
KW  - Multizone
KW  - Network
KW  - Nodal
N1  - Accession Number: 7843899; Lorenzetti, David M. 1; Email Address: DMLorenzetti@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Nov2002, Vol. 37 Issue 11, p1083; Thesaurus Term: Buildings; Thesaurus Term: Air flow; Subject Term: Eigenvalues; Author-Supplied Keyword: Airflow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multizone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nodal; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friar, J.L.
T1  - The structure of light nuclei and its effect on precise atomicmeasurements.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 80
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1337
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - The paper consists of three parts: (i) what every atomic physicist needs to know about the physics of light nuclei (and no more); (ii) what nuclear physicists can do for atomic physics; and (iii) what atomic physicists can do for nuclear physics. A brief qualitative overview of the nuclear force and calculational techniques for light nuclei will be presented, with an emphasis on debunking myths and on recent progress in the field. Nuclear quantities that affect precise atomic measurements will be discussed, together with their current theoretical and experimental status. The final topic will be a discussion of those atomic measurements that would be useful to nuclear physics. PACS No.: 31.30GsCe papier est divisé en trois : (i) ce que tout physicien atomiste doit savoir de la physique des noyaux légers (et rien de plus); (ii) ce que la physique nucléaire peut faire pour la physique atomique ; (iii) ce que la physique atomique peut faire pour la physique nucléaire. Nous présentons une brève revue de la force nucléaire en insistant sur la démystification des concepts et sur certains progrès récents dans ce domaine. Nous insistons sur les quantités nucléaires qui influencent les mesures précises en physique atomique, en soulignant leur statut, tant expérimental que théorique. Nous concluons avec une discussion des quantités/mesures atomiques les plus susceptibles d'être utiles en physique nucléaire.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Ce papier est divisé en trois : (i) ce que tout physicien atomiste doit savoir de la physique des noyaux légers (et rien de plus) ; (ii) ce que la physique nucléaire peut faire pour la physique atomique ; (iii) ce que la physique atomique peut faire pour la physique nucléaire. Nous présentons une brève revue de la force nucléaire en insistant sur la démystification des concepts et sur certains progrès récents dans ce domaine. Nous insistons sur les quantités nucléaires qui influencent les mesures précises en physique atomique, en soulignant leur statut, tant expérimental que théorique. Nous concluons avec une discussion des quantités/mesures atomiques les plus susceptibles d'être utiles en physique nucléaire. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atomic theory
KW  - Physicists
KW  - Nuclear structure
KW  - Nuclear physics
N1  - Accession Number: 10535380; Friar, J.L. 1; Email Address: friar@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Nov2002, Vol. 80 Issue 11, p1337; Subject Term: Atomic theory; Subject Term: Physicists; Subject Term: Nuclear structure; Subject Term: Nuclear physics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/P02-105
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Redin, S.L.
AU  - Carey, R.M.
AU  - Efstathiadis, E.
AU  - Hare, M.F.
AU  - Huang, X.
AU  - Krinen, F.
AU  - Lam, A.
AU  - Miller, J.P.
AU  - Paley, J.
AU  - Peng, 0.
AU  - Rind, 0.
AU  - Roberts, B.L.
AU  - Sulak, L.R.
AU  - Wofimov, A.
AU  - Bennett, G.W.
AU  - Brown, H.N.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Danby, G.T.
AU  - Larsen, R.
T1  - Recent results and current status of the muon g – 2 experiment at BNL.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 80
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1355
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - The muon (g – 2) experiment E821 is currently in progress at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Four data-taking runs for positive muons and one run for negative muons were successfully accomplished in 1997–2000 and 2001, respectively. Results of the 1997–2000 runs have been published, thus completing our experiment for µ[sup +] . Data analysis for the 2001 run for µ[sup –] is currently in progress. To provide measurement of a[sub µ] – = ½(g – 2)[sub µ] – at the same level of accuracy as for a[sub µ] + = ½(g – 2)[sub µ] +, we would need one more data-taking run. PACS Nos.: 31.15Pf, 31.30Jv, 32.10HqL'expérience E281 sur le facteur (g – 2) du muon est en cours au Laboratoire National Brookhaven. Quatre séries de mesures pour les muons positifs et une pour les muons négatifs ont été complétées pendant les périodes 1997–2000 et 2001 respectivement. Les résultats de 1997–2000 ont été publiés, complétant nos travaux sur µ[sup +] . Nous analysons présentement les résultats des mesures de 2001 sur µ[sup –] . Nous aurons besoin d'une autre série de mesures afin d'obtenir pour µ[sup –] des résultats donnant a[sub µ] – = ½(g – 2)[sub µ] – avec la même précision que la valeur obtenue pour a[sub µ] + = ½(g – 2)[sub µ] +.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - L'expérience E281 sur le facteur (g - 2) du muon est en cours au Laboratoire National Brookhaven. Quatre séries de mesures pour les muons positifs et une pour les muons négatifs ont été complétées pendant les périodes 1997-2000 et 2001 respectivement. Les résultats de 1997-2000 ont été publiés, complétant nos travaux sur μ[SUP+]. Nous analysons présentement les résultats des mesures de 2001 sur μ[SUP-]. Nous aurons besoin d'une autre série de mesures afin d'obtenir pour μ[SUP-] des résultats donnant a[SUBμ[SUP-]] = ½ (g - 2)[SUBμ[SUP-]] avec la même précision que la valeur obtenue pour a[SUBμ[SUP+]] = ½ (g - 2)[SUBμ[SUP+]]. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Muons
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Scientific experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 10535396; Redin, S.L. 1; Email Address: redin@Inp.nsk.su; Carey, R.M. 2; Efstathiadis, E. 2; Hare, M.F. 2; Huang, X. 2; Krinen, F. 2; Lam, A. 2; Miller, J.P. 2; Paley, J. 2; Peng, 0. 2; Rind, 0. 2; Roberts, B.L. 2; Sulak, L.R. 2; Wofimov, A. 2; Bennett, G.W. 3; Brown, H.N. 3; Bunce, G. 3; Danby, G.T. 3; Larsen, R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia and Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, U.S.A.; 2: Department of Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, U.S.A.; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Nov2002, Vol. 80 Issue 11, p1355; Subject Term: Muons; Subject Term: Laboratories; Subject Term: Scientific experimentation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Askari, Minoo D.F.
AU  - Miller, Gordon H.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Simultaneous detection of the tumor suppressor FHIT gene and protein using the multi-functional biochip
JO  - Cancer Detection & Prevention
JF  - Cancer Detection & Prevention
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 26
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
SN  - 0361090X
AB  - The tumor suppressor gene, fragile histidine triad (FHIT), encompasses the most common human chromosomal fragile site, at 3p14.2. Detection of FHIT gene is important in cancer diagnostics since its alterations have been associated with several human cancers. A unique multi-functional biochip for simultaneous detection of FHIT DNA and FHIT protein on the same platform was applied. The design of the biochip is based on miniaturization of photodiodes, where functioning of multiple optical sensing elements, amplifiers, discriminators, and logic circuitry are integrated on a single IC board. Performance of biochip is based on biomolecular recognition processes using both DNA and protein bioreceptors, Cy5-labeled probes and laser excitation. Application of biochip for concurrent detection of various immobilized target DNA and protein molecules and multiplex of DNA and protein on the same microarray was accomplished. Linearity of biochip for quantitative measurements was demonstrated. Results demonstrated utility of this multi-functional biochip as a useful detection technology with applications in biological and clinical laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Detection & Prevention is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIONCOGENES
KW  - HUMAN chromosomes
KW  - CANCER genetics
KW  - Biochip
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - Cancer diagnosis
KW  - FHIT
KW  - Fluorescence detection technology
KW  - Fragile histidine triad gene
KW  - Microarray technology
KW  - Tumor suppressor gene
N1  - Accession Number: 8574791; Askari, Minoo D.F. 1; Email Address: askarimd@ornl.gov Miller, Gordon H. 2; Email Address: millergh@ipa.net Vo-Dinh, Tuan 1; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory & University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA  2: Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 26 Issue 5, p331; Subject Term: ANTIONCOGENES; Subject Term: HUMAN chromosomes; Subject Term: CANCER genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biochip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer diagnosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: FHIT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence detection technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fragile histidine triad gene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microarray technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tumor suppressor gene; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levinson, Ronnen
AU  - Akbari, Hashem
T1  - Effects of composition and exposure on the solar reflectance of portland cement concrete
JO  - Cement & Concrete Research
JF  - Cement & Concrete Research
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 32
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1679
SN  - 00088846
AB  - Increasing the solar reflectance (albedo) of a paved surface keeps it cooler in the sun, reducing convection of heat from pavement to air and thereby decreasing the ambient air temperature. Lower air temperatures decrease demand for cooling energy and slow the formation of urban smog. Variations with composition and environmental exposure of the albedos of portland cement concrete pavements were investigated through laboratory fabrication and exposure of 32 mixes of concrete. Concrete albedo generally correlated with cement albedo and sand albedo and, after abrasion, with rock albedo. Cement albedo had a disproportionately strong influence on the reflectance of concrete. Simulated weathering, soiling, and abrasion each reduced average concrete albedo, though some samples became slightly more reflective through weathering or soiling. Concrete albedo grew as the cement hydration reaction progressed, but stabilized within six weeks of casting. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cement & Concrete Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - CONCRETE
KW  - MINERAL aggregates
KW  - Acceleration
KW  - Aggregate
KW  - Aging
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Solar reflectance
N1  - Accession Number: 7879524; Levinson, Ronnen 1; Email Address: rmlevinson@lbl.gov Akbari, Hashem 1; Affiliation:  1: Heat Island Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 32 Issue 11, p1679; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: CONCRETE; Subject Term: MINERAL aggregates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aggregate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Concrete; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar reflectance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327320 Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - W. Reimus, Paul
AU  - James, Scott C.
T1  - Determining the random time step in a constant spatial step particle tracking algorithm
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4429
SN  - 00092509
AB  - In some cases, the accuracy and efficiency of a particle tracking model may be greatly enhanced by determining the time for a particle to travel a specified distance rather than the distance traveled during some time interval. For instance, it may be desirable to know when a particle reaches a boundary or interface or a location where the system properties change. In this work, we derive an analytical expression in the form of a probability function describing the distribution of random times necessary for a particle to diffusively travel a specified distance. Upon substitution of the specified distance and a random number for the probability, the expression may be solved for the necessary time. Comparison of the results from this equation with an empirical expression determined by James and Chrysikopoulos (Chem. Eng. Sci. 56(23)(2001)6535) shows excellent agreement. Recommendations for implementing the analytical solution into particle tracking algorithms with or without a deterministic velocity component are included. This general equation is amenable to use in modeling both fractured and porous media systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - Analytical
KW  - Constant spatial step
KW  - Cumulative distribution
KW  - Particle tracking
KW  - Probability
N1  - Accession Number: 8783864; W. Reimus, Paul 1; Email Address: preimus@lanl.gov James, Scott C. 2; Email Address: scjames@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratories, Chemical Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Geohydrology Department, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0735, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 57 Issue 21, p4429; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Constant spatial step; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cumulative distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Borry, Richard W.
AU  - Iglesia, Enrique
T1  - Design and optimization of catalysts and membrane reactors for the non-oxidative conversion of methane
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4595
SN  - 00092509
AB  - Kinetic-transport simulations were used in order to explore the relevant thermodynamic and kinetic barriers in the non-oxidative conversion of <f>CH4</f> in a membrane reactor and the effects of continuous hydrogen removal and of catalytic sites on <f>CH4</f> conversion and on the attainable yields of useful <f>C2</f>–<f>C10</f> products. A sensitivity analysis of homogeneous <f>CH4</f> pyrolysis pathways showed that sites that activate methane to form methyl radicals or ethene and the conversion of ethene to aromatics increased pyrolysis rates, but led to impractical reactor residence times with or without <f>H2</f> removal. Catalysts, such as Mo/H-ZSM5, which increase the rate of both <f>CH4</f> conversion to ethene and of ethene aromatization are required in order to overcome the kinetic barriers in homogeneous pyrolysis pathways. Homogeneous models were modified by incorporating non-elementary catalytic steps with rate constants obtained from experimental residence time studies on Mo/H-ZSM5. Simulations using this homogeneous–heterogeneous kinetic model were used in order to determine the benefits of continuous <f>H2</f> removal on the yields of desired <f>C2</f>–<f>C10</f> hydrocarbons and on the required residence times and to obtain rigorous criteria for the design of catalysts and membranes for direct methane conversion reactions. Bifunctional catalysts able to catalyze the required steps and the removal of <f>H2</f> across ceramic membranes can lead to almost complete <f>CH4</f> conversion at <f>∼1000 K</f> at practical reactor residence times <f>(<100 s)</f>. This performance requires catalytic reactors with intermediate values of the ratio of characteristic reaction and permeation times (<f>δ=1</f>–10), which in turn require the use of thin dense ceramic films (10–<f>100 μm</f>) in order to achieve these <f>δ</f> values for practical reactor diameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANE
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Methane
KW  - Pyrolysis
KW  - Reaction engineering
KW  - Simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 8783878; Li, Lin 1,2 Borry, Richard W. 1,2 Iglesia, Enrique 1; Email Address: iglesia@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, 94720-462 Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Division of Materials Sciences, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 57 Issue 21, p4595; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, E.S.
AU  - Yang, V.
AU  - Liau, Y.-C.
T1  - Modeling of HMX/GAP pseudo-propellant combustion
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 131
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 00102180
AB  - A comprehensive numerical analysis of HMX/GAP pseudo-propellant combustion has been established to predict the propellant burning rate and detailed combustion wave structure over a broad range of ambient pressure, laser intensity, and propellant composition. The model takes into account various fundamental processes at scales sufficient to resolve the microscopic flame-zone physiochemistry. The thermochemical parameters of HMX and GAP are deduced from existing experimental data. Four global decomposition reactions of HMX and GAP in the condensed phase as well as subsequent reactions are included. In the gas phase, a detailed chemical kinetics scheme involving 74 species and 532 reactions is employed to describe the heat-release mechanism. The effect of the external CO2 laser on the propellant burning characteristics prevails at low pressures, but decreases at high pressures at which the conductive heat feedback from the gaseous flame to the condensed phase overrides surface absorption of radiation energy. The burning rate decreases with the addition of GAP at low pressures, even though GAP burns much faster than pure HMX. One factor contributing to this phenomenon is the rapid gasification of GAP displacing the primary flame away from the surface. Conversely, above a certain pressure level, the burning rate may be considerably enhanced by adding a small amount of GAP because of the higher surface temperature at which the exothermic decomposition of GAP plays a decisive role in providing energy to sustain propellant burning. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROPELLANTS
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - ABSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 8545681; Kim, E.S. 1 Yang, V. 1; Email Address: vigor@psu.edu Liau, Y.-C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  2: Chemical Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 131 Issue 3, p227; Subject Term: PROPELLANTS; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Im, Hong G.
AU  - Chen, Jacqueline H.
T1  - Preferential diffusion effects on the burning rate of interacting turbulent premixed hydrogen-air flames
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 131
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
SN  - 00102180
AB  - The upstream interaction of twin premixed hydrogen-air flames in 2-D turbulence is studied using direct numerical simulations with detailed chemistry. The primary objective is to determine the effect of flame stretch on the overall burning rate during various stages of the interaction. Preferential diffusion effects are accounted for by varying the equivalence ratio from symmetric rich-rich to lean-lean interactions. The results show that the local flame front response to turbulence is consistent with previous understanding of laminar premixed flames, in that rich premixed flames become intensified in regions of negative strain or curvature, while the opposite response is found for lean premixed flames. The overall burning rate history with respect to the surface density variation is found to depend on the mixture condition; the consumption rate enhancement advances (follows) the surface enhancement for the rich-rich (lean-lean) case. For the lean-lean case, a self-turbulization mechanism results in a large positive skewness in the area-weighted mean tangential strain statistics. Because of the statistical dominance of positive stretch on the flame surface, the lean-lean case results in a significantly larger burning enhancement (over a twofold increase) in addition to the surface density production. For the case of rich-rich interaction, the abundance in hydrogen species results in an instantaneous overshoot of the radical pool in the post-flame region, resulting in an additional “burst” in the reactant consumption rate history, suggesting its potential impact on the pollutant formation process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLAME
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - TURBULENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 8545682; Im, Hong G. 1; Email Address: hgim@umich.edu Chen, Jacqueline H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 131 Issue 3, p246; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan, Neal
AU  - Jensen, Anker
AU  - Glarborg, Peter
AU  - Day, Marcus S.
AU  - Grcar, Joseph F.
AU  - Bell, John B.
AU  - Pope, Christopher J.
AU  - Kee, Robert J.
T1  - Ammonia conversion and NOx formation in laminar coflowing nonpremixed methane-air flames
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 131
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 00102180
AB  - This paper reports on a combined experimental and modeling investigation of NOx formation in laminar, ammonia-seeded, nitrogen-diluted, methane diffusion flames. The methane-ammonia mixture is a surrogate for biomass fuels, which contain significant fuel-bound nitrogen. The experiments use flue-gas sampling to measure the concentration of stable species in the exhaust gas. The computations use adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) to capture fine-scale features of the flame. The model includes a detailed chemical mechanism, differential diffusion, buoyancy, and radiative losses. The model shows good agreement with the measurements over the full range of experimental NH3 seeding amounts. As more NH3 is added, a greater percentage is converted to N2 rather than to NO. The simulation results are analyzed to trace the changes in NO formation mechanisms with increasing amounts of ammonia in the fuel. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMMONIA
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - FLAME
KW  - FLUE gases
N1  - Accession Number: 8545685; Sullivan, Neal 1 Jensen, Anker 1 Glarborg, Peter 1 Day, Marcus S. 2 Grcar, Joseph F. 2; Email Address: jfgrcar@lbl.gov Bell, John B. 2 Pope, Christopher J. 3 Kee, Robert J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark  2: Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Engineering Division, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 131 Issue 3, p285; Subject Term: AMMONIA; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: FLUE gases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stewart, Jeffrey J.
T1  - Parameters of Influenza Aerosol Transmission.
JO  - Comments on Theoretical Biology
JF  - Comments on Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 457
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08948550
AB  - Empirical data of influenza aerosol transmission is reviewed, and the relation between the data and modeling of influenza transmission is discussed. Reviewed data include the large-scale studies of Tecumseh, Seattle, and Houston. Also reviewed are data on viral shedding, aerosol behavior, infection, and immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Comments on Theoretical Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFLUENZA
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 10779712; Stewart, Jeffrey J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Influenza Sequence Database, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 7 Issue 6, p445; Subject Term: INFLUENZA; Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Transmission; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janot, Patrick
AU  - Kado, Marumi
T1  - Direct search for the Standard Model Higgs boson
T2  - La recherche du boson de Higgs
JO  - Comptes Rendus Physique
JF  - Comptes Rendus Physique
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 3
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1193
SN  - 16310705
AB  - For twelve years, LEP revolutionized the knowledge of electroweak symmetry breaking within the standard model, and the direct discovery of the Higgs boson would have been the crowning achievement. Searches at the Z resonance and above the <f>W+W−</f> threshold allowed an unambiguous lower limit on the mass of the standard model Higgs boson to set be at 114.1 <f>GeV·c−2</f>. After years of efforts to push the LEP performance far beyond the design limits, hints of what could be the first signs of the existence of a 115 <f>GeV·c−2</f> Higgs boson appeared in June 2000, were confirmed in September, and were then confirmed again in November. An additional six-month period of LEP operation was enough to provide a definite answer, with an opportunity to make a fundamental discovery of prime importance. To cite this article: P. Janot, M. Kado, C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 1193–1202. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Au cours de ses douze anne´es de fonctionnement, LEP a revolutionne´ la connaissance de la brisure de syme´trie e´lectrofaible dans le cadre du mode&grave;le standard. La de´couverte directe du boson de Higgs en aurait e´te´ le couronnement. Les recherches au pic du Z et au-dela&grave; du seuil de production de paires de W ont permis d'exclure de manie&grave;re non ambigue¨ toute masse en dessous de 114.1 <f>GeV·c−2</f>. Apre&grave;s des anne´es d'efforts, les performances de LEP ont fini par de´passer les limites de ce que l'on croyait possible. Alors, les premiers signes de ce qui pourrait bien eˆtre un boson de Higgs de 115 <f>GeV·c−2</f> commence&grave;rent a&grave; apparaıˆre en juin 2000, furent confirme´s en septembre, et confirme´s a&grave; nouveau en novembre. Le cas e´che´ant, six mois de plus auraient suffi pour transformer ces indices en une de´couverte d'importance fondamentale. Pour citer cet article : P. Janot, M. Kado, C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 1193–1202. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Comptes Rendus Physique is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CERN
KW  - LEP
KW  - 115 GeV<f>·c−2</f>
KW  - boson de Higgs
KW  - limite
KW  - recherche
N1  - Accession Number: 7909750; Janot, Patrick 1; Email Address: Patrick.Janot@cern.ch Kado, Marumi 2; Affiliation:  1: CERN, EP Division, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 3 Issue 9, p1193; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: CERN; Author-Supplied Keyword: LEP; Author-Supplied Keyword: 115 GeV<f>·c−2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: boson de Higgs; Author-Supplied Keyword: limite; Author-Supplied Keyword: recherche; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alex Greaney, P.
AU  - Friedman, Lawrence H.
AU  - Chrzan, D.C.
T1  - Continuum simulation of dislocation dynamics: predictions for internal friction response
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
SN  - 09270256
AB  - The amplitude dependent mechanical loss due to bowing of an idealized Frank–Read source is studied using both simulation and analytical techniques. Dislocations are modeled within isotropic elasticity theory, and are assumed to be in the over-damped limit. The dynamics incorporated in the model are tested directly, by comparison with the exact solution to the linearized isotropic elasticity theory of the mechanical losses. The model is then applied to the study of the mechanical losses from two coupled dislocations. It is concluded that the implemented dislocation dynamics method represents an accurate solution to the initially stated problem, that the elastic string model often employed to model losses is inadequate, and that dislocation interactions may alter substantially the dislocation component of the spectrum observed during internal friction experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERNAL friction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 7907464; Alex Greaney, P. 1,2 Friedman, Lawrence H. 1,2 Chrzan, D.C. 1,2; Email Address: dcchrzan@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 583 Evans Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Center for Advanced Materials, Materials Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p387; Subject Term: INTERNAL friction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiang, Yu
AU  - Weisend II, J.G.
AU  - Smith, M.
AU  - Petersen, B.
AU  - Sellmann, D.
AU  - Lierl, H.
AU  - Van Sciver, S.W.
AU  - Wolff, S.
T1  - An experimental and numerical study of He II two-phase flow in the TESLA test facility
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 719
SN  - 00112275
AB  - We report on measurements of the liquid level and temperature corresponding to different local heat loads at several sections of the He II two-phase flow channel in the TESLA (Tera-eV Energy Superconducting Linear Accelerator) Test Facility phase I (TTF1) during its operation. The measurements show that under normal operating conditions saturation between He II and its vapor can be maintained even in the transient process of heat transfer. A computer code for He II stratified two-phase flow analysis has been developed for the numerical simulation of the He II and vapor flow in the configuration of the cryogenic cooling channel in TTF1. Comparison with the measurement shows the prediction by the code agrees well with the experimental results. The code also predicts the maximum heat load under which the two-phase tube in TTF1 would locally dry out. In its application, the code is helpful to evaluate the impact on the flow behaviour resulting from changes to the TTF1 configuration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - RF applications
KW  - Superfluid helium (He II)
KW  - Two-phase flow
N1  - Accession Number: 8927965; Xiang, Yu 1; Email Address: xiangy@heraqc.desy.de Weisend II, J.G. 1 Smith, M. 2 Petersen, B. 1 Sellmann, D. 1 Lierl, H. 1 Van Sciver, S.W. 2 Wolff, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Deutsches Elektronen––Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 42 Issue 11, p719; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: HELIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superfluid helium (He II); Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-phase flow; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheridan, C.C.
AU  - Lee, C.
AU  - Wakeham, S.G.
AU  - Bishop, J.K.B.
T1  - Suspended particle organic composition and cycling in surface and midwaters of the equatorial Pacific Ocean
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 49
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1983
SN  - 09670637
AB  - In this study we relate spatial and temporal variation in the organic composition of suspended particles to current conceptual models of open-ocean particle cycling. Suspended particles in surface (0–200 m) and midwaters (200–1000 m) of the equatorial Pacific Ocean were collected during the 1992 US JGOFS Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) program. Samples collected during El Nin˜o (Survey I) and normal conditions (Survey II) were analyzed for pigment, amino acid, fatty acid, and neutral lipid concentrations and compositions. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and other statistical methods were used to assess changes in particulate organic composition between Surveys I and II, over 24° of latitude, from 15 to 850 m depth, and to compare our compositional data with previously published data from EqPac sinking particles. These analyses indicated that surface suspended particles (0–200 m) were similar in composition to surface ocean phytoplankton and were less degraded than particles sinking out of the euphotic zone (105 m). The organic composition of suspended particles in surface waters varied with latitudinal and El-Nin˜o-induced changes in phytoplankton assemblages. Midwater suspended particles (200–1000 m) contained labile phytodetrital material derived from particles exiting the euphotic zone (105 m). However, labile organic constituents of midwater suspended particles were increasingly degraded by microbes or consumed by midwater metazoans with depth. The increase in degradation state observed for midwater suspended particles may also have been caused by dilution of deeper (450–850 m) suspended particle pools with more refractory material originating from fast-sinking particles, e.g., fecal pellets. However, the mechanism controlling midwater particle degradation state varied with flux regime; dilution of midwater suspended particles dominated only in the higher flux regime found at equatorial latitudes (5°N–5°S) during Survey II (normal conditions). In summary, it is apparent that organic matter alteration in midwaters, and not cycling within the euphotic zone, has the larger effect on organic composition of suspended particles in the deep equatorial Pacific Ocean. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARINE sediments
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Equatorial Pacific Ocean
KW  - Mesopelagic zone
KW  - Organic chemical biomarkers
KW  - Organic geochemistry
KW  - Principal components analysis
KW  - Suspended particle cycling
N1  - Accession Number: 8669257; Sheridan, C.C. 1; Email Address: sheridan@hawaii.edu Lee, C. 1 Wakeham, S.G. 2 Bishop, J.K.B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Marine Sciences Research Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA  2: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, GA 31411, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 49 Issue 11, p1983; Subject Term: MARINE sediments; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equatorial Pacific Ocean; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesopelagic zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic chemical biomarkers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal components analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suspended particle cycling; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Xiao-Qing
AU  - McBreen, James
AU  - Yoon, Won-Sub
AU  - Yoshio, Masaki
AU  - Wang, Hongyu
AU  - Fukuda, Kenji
AU  - Umeno, Tatsuo
T1  - Structural studies of the new carbon-coated silicon anode materials using synchrotron-based in situ XRD
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 893
SN  - 13882481
AB  - The structural changes of graphite-mixed and carbon-coated silicon, used as lithium intercalation materials, have been studied during discharge–charge using synchrotron-based in situ X-ray diffraction. The lithium intercalation (de-intercalation) takes place in the graphite first during discharge (charge), and then in the silicon. This graphite–lithium buffer combined with the uniformly distributed carbon coating greatly improve the quality and morphology of the Li–Si alloys formed at the surface of silicon powders. Therefore, the superior specific capacity and cycling performance are obtained for the graphite-mixed and carbon-coated silicon materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ANODES
KW  - Carbon-coated silicon anode
KW  - In situ XRD
KW  - Lithium batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 7922456; Yang, Xiao-Qing 1; Email Address: xyang@bnl.gov McBreen, James 1 Yoon, Won-Sub 1,2 Yoshio, Masaki 3 Wang, Hongyu 3 Fukuda, Kenji 4 Umeno, Tatsuo 4; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA  3: Department of Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan  4: Mitsui Mining Co., 1-3 Hibiki Kitakyusyu, Japan; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p893; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ANODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon-coated silicon anode; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ XRD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Hu, W.
AU  - Shen, L.
AU  - Xin, X.
AU  - Brannon, R.
T1  - An evaluation of the MPM for simulating dynamic failure with damage diffusion
JO  - Engineering Fracture Mechanics
JF  - Engineering Fracture Mechanics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 69
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 1873
SN  - 00137944
AB  - For dynamic brittle failure, conventional mesh-based methods, such as the finite element method and finite difference method, are handicapped when localized large deformations and subsequent transitions from continuous to discontinuous failure modes occur. To evaluate the potential of the material point method (MPM) in simulating dynamic brittle failure involving different failure modes, the essential features of the MPM are explored for wave and impact problems, and combined wave and diffusion problems are then solved by using the MPM. Through the comparison with the experimental, analytical and numerical data available, it appears that the MPM is a robust tool to simulate multi-physics problems such as dynamic failure under impact. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Engineering Fracture Mechanics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - BRITTLENESS
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - FAILURE analysis (Engineering)
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Dynamic failure
KW  - Impact
KW  - Localization
KW  - Meshless
N1  - Accession Number: 7867099; Chen, Z. 1; Email Address: chenzh@missouri.edu Hu, W. 1 Shen, L. 1 Xin, X. 1 Brannon, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, E2509 Engineering Bldg. East, Columbia, MO 65211-2200, USA  2: Department of Physics and Simulation Frameworks, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0820, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 69 Issue 17, p1873; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: BRITTLENESS; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: FAILURE analysis (Engineering); Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic failure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Localization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meshless; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sblattero, Daniele
AU  - Florian, Fiorella
AU  - Azzoni, Elisabetta
AU  - Zyla, Trevin
AU  - Park, Min
AU  - Baldas, Valentina
AU  - Not, Tarcisio
AU  - Ventura, Alessandro
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
AU  - Marzari, Roberto
T1  - The analysis of the fine specificity of celiac disease antibodies using tissue transglutaminase fragments.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 269
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5175
EP  - 5181
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - Celiac disease is an intestinal malabsorption characterized by an intolerance to cereal proteins accompanied by immunological responses to dietary gliadins and an autoantigen located in the endomysium. The latter has been identified as the enzyme tissue transglutaminase which belongs to a family of enzymes that catalyze protein cross-linking reactions and is constitutively expressed in many tissues as well as being activated during apoptosis. In a recent paper, we described the selection and characterization of anti-transglutaminase Igs from phage antibody libraries created from intestinal lymphocytes from celiac disease patients. In this work, using transglutaminase gene fragments, we identify a region of tissue transglutaminase recognized by these antibodies as being conformational and located in the core domain of the enzyme. This is identical to the region recognized by anti-transglutaminase Igs found in the serum of celiac disease patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - TRANSGLUTAMINASES
KW  - CELIAC disease
KW  - autoimmunity
KW  - celiac disease
KW  - epitope mapping
KW  - phage display
KW  - transglutaminase
N1  - Accession Number: 7606412; Sblattero, Daniele 1 Florian, Fiorella 1 Azzoni, Elisabetta 1 Zyla, Trevin 2 Park, Min 2 Baldas, Valentina 3 Not, Tarcisio 3 Ventura, Alessandro 3 Bradbury, Andrew 2,4 Marzari, Roberto 1; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy;  2: Biosciences Division; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA;  3: IRCSS, Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy;  4: SISSA, Trieste, Italy; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 269 Issue 21, p5175; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: TRANSGLUTAMINASES; Subject Term: CELIAC disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: autoimmunity; Author-Supplied Keyword: celiac disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: epitope mapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: phage display; Author-Supplied Keyword: transglutaminase; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03215.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HORSTEMEYER, M. F.
AU  - YANG, N.
AU  - GALL, K.
AU  - McDOWELL, D.
AU  - FAN, J.
AU  - GULLETT, P.
T1  - High cycle fatigue mechanisms in a cast AM60B magnesium alloy.
JO  - Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures
JF  - Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1045
EP  - 1056
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 8756758X
AB  - ABSTRACT We examine micromechanisms of fatigue crack initiation and growth in a cast AM60B magnesium alloy by relating dendrite cell size and porosity under different strain amplitudes in high cycle fatigue conditions. Fatigue cracks formed at casting pores within the specimen and near the surface, depending on the relative pore sizes. When the pore that initiated the fatigue crack decreased from approximately 110 µm to 80 µm, the fatigue life increased two times. After initiation, the fatigue cracks grew through two distinct stages before final overload specimen failure. At low maximum crack tip driving forces (K max < 2.3 MPa√ m ), the fatigue crack propagated preferentially through the α -Mg dendrite cells. At high maximum crack tip driving forces ( K max > 2.3 MPa√ m ), the fatigue crack propagated primarily through the β -Al 12 Mg 17 particle laden interdendritic regions. Based on these observations, any proposed mechanism-based fatigue model for cast Mg alloys must incorporate the change in growth mechanisms for different applied maximum stress intensity factors, in addition to the effect of pore size on the propensity to form a fatigue crack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRIDGES -- Welded joints -- Cracking
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - dendrite cell size
KW  - High cycle fatigue
KW  - magnesium
KW  - microstructure
KW  - porosity
N1  - Accession Number: 7699231; HORSTEMEYER, M. F. 1 YANG, N. 1 GALL, K. 2 McDOWELL, D. 3 FAN, J. 4 GULLETT, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials & Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA,  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA,  3: George Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA,  4: Division of Mechanical Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, NY, 14802, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 25 Issue 11, p1045; Subject Term: BRIDGES -- Welded joints -- Cracking; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: dendrite cell size; Author-Supplied Keyword: High cycle fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: porosity; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1460-2695.2002.00594.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muroga, T.
AU  - Gasparotto, M.
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
T1  - Overview of materials research for fusion reactors
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Materials research for fusion reactors is overviewed from Japanese, EU and US perspectives. Emphasis is placed on programs and strategies for developing blanket structural materials, and recent highlights in research and development for reduced activation ferritic martensitic steels, vanadium alloys and SiC/SiC composites, and in mechanistic experimental and modeling studies. The common critical issue for the candidate materials is the effect of irradiation with helium production. For the qualification of materials up to the full lifetime of a DEMO and Power Plant reactors, an intense neutron source with relevant fusion neutron spectra is crucial. Elaborate use of the presently available irradiation devices will facilitate efficient and sound materials development within the required time scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Research
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - Low activation materials
KW  - Radiation effects modelling
KW  - Reduced activation ferritic martensitic steels
KW  - SiC/SiC composites
KW  - Vanadium alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 8621898; Muroga, T. 1; Email Address: muroga@nifs.ac.jp Gasparotto, M. 2 Zinkle, S.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Engineering Research Center, National Institute for Fusion Science, Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan  2: EFDA Garching, c/o Max-Plank-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstrasse, 2, D-85748 Garching bei Muenchen, Germany  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Research; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low activation materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduced activation ferritic martensitic steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC/SiC composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadium alloys; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Majeski, R.
AU  - Boaz, M.
AU  - Efthimion, P.
AU  - Jones, B.
AU  - Hoffman, D.
AU  - Kugel, H.
AU  - Menard, J.
AU  - Munsat, T.
AU  - Post-Zwicker, A.
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V.
AU  - Spaleta, J.
AU  - Taylor, G.
AU  - Timberlake, J.
AU  - Woolley, R.
AU  - Zakharov, L.
AU  - Finkenthal, M.
AU  - Stutman, D.
AU  - Antar, G.
AU  - Doerner, R.
T1  - Spherical torus plasma interactions with large-area liquid lithium surfaces in CDX-U
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The current drive experiment-upgrade (CDX-U) device at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) is a spherical torus (ST) dedicated to the exploration of liquid lithium as a potential solution to reactor first-wall problems such as heat load and erosion, neutron damage and activation, and tritium inventory and breeding. Initial lithium limiter experiments were conducted with a toroidally-local liquid lithium rail limiter (L3) from the University of California at San Diego (UCSD). Spectroscopic measurements showed a clear reduction of impurities in plasmas with the L3, compared to discharges with a boron carbide limiter. The evidence for a reduction in recycling was less apparent, however. This may be attributable to the relatively small area in contact with the plasma, and the presence of high-recycling surfaces elsewhere in the vacuum chamber. This conclusion was tested in subsequent experiments with a fully toroidal lithium limiter that was installed above the floor of the vacuum vessel. The new limiter covered over ten times the area of the L3 facing the plasma. Experiments with the toroidal lithium limiter have recently begun. This paper describes the conditioning required to prepare the lithium surface for plasma operations, and effect of the toroidal liquid lithium limiter on discharge performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - Lithium limiter
KW  - Plasma-surface interactions
KW  - Spherical torus
N1  - Accession Number: 8621923; Kaita, R. 1; Email Address: kaita@pppl.gov Majeski, R. 1 Boaz, M. 1 Efthimion, P. 1 Jones, B. 1 Hoffman, D. 1 Kugel, H. 1 Menard, J. 1 Munsat, T. 1 Post-Zwicker, A. 1 Soukhanovskii, V. 1 Spaleta, J. 1 Taylor, G. 1 Timberlake, J. 1 Woolley, R. 1 Zakharov, L. 1 Finkenthal, M. 2 Stutman, D. 2 Antar, G. 3 Doerner, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P. O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA  2: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA  3: University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p217; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium limiter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma-surface interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical torus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Konkashbaev, I.
AU  - Hassanein, A.
T1  - MHD problems in free liquid surfaces as plasma-facing materials in magnetically confined reactors
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The development of solid plasma-facing components (PFCs) that can withstand high heat and particle fluxes during normal and abnormal events has proven to be a difficult task for future power-producing magnetically confined reactors. Solid PFC cannot be reliably used because of the large erosion losses during normal and off-normal events such as disruptions and their consequences. The use of liquid metal surfaces for protection of PFCs seems attractive but is not easily implemented. The ability to use liquids as PFC surfaces depends on their overall integrated interaction with the plasma as well as with the strong magnetic field in the reactor. The temperature of a flowing liquid surface governed by surface velocity should be low enough to avoid core plasma contamination by the metal vapor. A high liquid flow velocity, V, may also be necessary to overcome the force F=[J×B], where J is current and B is magnetic field. In this study, MHD flow patterns of the liquid metal across the magnetic field (B=5 T) are investigated. The retarding force F=[J×B] results in a rather high pressure drop required to move the liquid metal across the magnetic field. New two-dimensional calculations of MHD effects and resulting pressure drop have been completed with the upgraded heights software package. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - Free liquid surfaces
KW  - Heights
KW  - MHD
KW  - Plasma-facing materials
N1  - Accession Number: 8621924; Konkashbaev, I.; Email Address: isak@anl.gov Hassanein, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave-Bldg. 308, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p223; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free liquid surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heights; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma-facing materials; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, Saurin
T1  - Leakage analysis of the EVOLVE first wall
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 489
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Leakage of lithium through cracks in the first wall (FW) of evaporation of lithium and vapor extraction was analyzed for two limiting cases, which are simplified versions of the real case, where the lithium enters the cracks as liquid and flashes to vapor phase within the FW. Leakage rates were calculated for the cases of liquid lithium flow and lithium vapor flow. Inasmuch as the coolant pressure is close to the saturation pressure, the limiting case of lithium vapor flow should be closer to reality. The impact of lithium leakage on first-wall cooling and plasma contamination is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVAPORATION (Chemistry)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - Cyclic surface
KW  - Liquid
KW  - Lithium
N1  - Accession Number: 8621957; Majumdar, Saurin 1; Email Address: majumdar@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Power Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p489; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: VAPORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Youssef, M.Z.
AU  - Sawan, M.E.
AU  - Sze, D.-K.
T1  - The breeding potential of ‘flinabe’ and comparison to ‘flibe’ in ‘CLiFF’ high power density concept
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Because of its low melting temperature (240 °C) and low vapor pressure, the molten salt LiF–NaF–BeF2 (Flinabe) with ratio 1:1:1 has been suggested as the front flowing liquid layer, FFLL (2-cm thick) in the Convective Liquid Flow First Wall (CLiFF) high power density concept (7 MW/m2 average neutron wall load, 10 MW/m2 max.). However, because of its lower Li concentration relative to LiF–BeF2 (Flibe, with ratio 2:1), its deployment as a breeder has been a concern. In this paper, we compare the local tritium breeding ratio (TBR) of Flinabe to Flibe in two arrangements: (1) as a FFLL and breeder in the blanket; and (2) as only the FFLL with LiPb/SiC conventional blanket following the FW. The impact of the choice of ferritic steel (FS) and SiC as the structural material on TBR was also examined. In addition, the paper discusses what constitutes a reasonable value for local TBR if all sources of uncertainties in the achievable and the required TBR are considered (e.g. modeling, nuclear data, burn up rate in the plasma, etc.) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MOLTEN salt reactors
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - CLiFF
KW  - Flibe
KW  - Flinabe
KW  - Self-sufficiency
KW  - Tritium breeding
N1  - Accession Number: 8621958; Youssef, M.Z. 1; Email Address: youssef@fusion.ucla.edu Sawan, M.E. 2 Sze, D.-K. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of California, 43-133 Engineering IV Building, California, LA 90095, USA  2: University of Wisconsin, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Bldg. 362, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p497; Subject Term: MOLTEN salt reactors; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: CLiFF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flibe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flinabe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-sufficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium breeding; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Causey, R.A.
AU  - Brooks, J.N.
AU  - Federici, G.
T1  - Tritium inventory and recovery in next-step fusion devices
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Future fusion devices will use tritium and deuterium fuel. Because tritium is both radioactive and expensive, it is absolutely necessary that there be an understanding of the tritium retention characteristics of the materials used in these devices as well as how to recover the tritium. There are three materials that are strong candidates for plasma-facing-material use in next-step fusion devices. These are beryllium, tungsten, and carbon. While beryllium has the disadvantage of high sputtering and low melting point (which limits its power handling capabilities in divertor areas), it has the advantages of being a low-Z material with a good thermal conductivity and the ability to get oxygen from the plasma. Due to beryllium''s very low solubility for hydrogen, implantation of beryllium with deuterium and tritium results in a saturated layer in the very near-surface with limited inventory (J. Nucl. Mater. 273 (1999) 1). Unfortunately, there are nuclear reactions generated by neutrons that will breed tritium and helium in the material bulk (J. Nucl. Mater. 179 (1991) 329). This process will lead to a substantial tritium inventory in the bulk of the beryllium after long-term neutron exposure (i.e. well beyond the operation life time of a next-step reactor like ITER). Tungsten is a high-Z material that will be used in the divertor region of next-step devices (e.g. ITER) and possibly as a first wall material in later devices. The divertor is the preferred location for tungsten use because net erosion is very low there due to low sputtering and high redeposition. While experiments are still continuing on tritium retention in tungsten, present data suggest that relatively low tritium inventories will result with this material (J. Nucl. Mater. 290–293 (2001) 505). For tritium inventories, carbon is the problem material. Neutron damage to the graphite can result in substantial bulk tritium retention (J. Nucl. Mater. 191–194 (1992) 368), and codeposition of the sputtered carbon with the tritium from the plasma will produce a layer of carbonaceous material potentially containing kilograms of tritium in the cooler areas of the tokamak (J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A5 (1987) 2286). This paper reviews the tritium retention mechanisms for the three materials discussed above. Tritium removal techniques, including those used in situ to minimize in-vessel inventories as well as those used to reduce contamination prior to waste disposal, are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - Deuterium
KW  - Tritium
KW  - Tungsten
N1  - Accession Number: 8621961; Causey, R.A. 1; Email Address: causey@ca.sandia.gov Brooks, J.N. 2 Federici, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: ITER Joint Work Site, Garching Co-center, Boltzmannstrasse 2, 85748 Garching, Germany; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p525; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sawan, M.E.
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
AU  - Sheffield, J.
T1  - Impact of tritium removal and He-3 recycling on structure damage parameters in a D–D fusion system
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 561
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Removing tritium produced by D–D fusion and recycling part of it after it decays to He-3 significantly reduces the fraction of fusion energy carried by neutrons in a D–D system. For a catalyzed D–D system (no tritium removal), the peak dpa rate in candidate structural materials is 25–35% lower than that in an equivalent D–T system with the same fusion power wall loading. The gas production and transmutation rates are about 60% lower. As tritium is removed gas production and transmutations decrease by more than two orders of magnitude and the dpa rate decreases by a factor of 2.3–2.8. An additional reduction of a factor of 1.6–1.7 in damage parameters is achieved by recycling the removed tritium as He-3. This results in significant lifetime enhancement of structural materials. Information from tests in fission reactor spectra would be directly relevant in determining the lifetime of the structural material in this He-3-recycled system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - D–D fusion
KW  - He-3
KW  - Tritium
N1  - Accession Number: 8621965; Sawan, M.E. 1; Email Address: sawan@engr.wisc.edu Zinkle, S.J. 2 Sheffield, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Technology Institute, University of Wisconsin, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p561; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: D–D fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: He-3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Willms, R.S.
AU  - Kobayashi, K.
AU  - Iwai, Y.
AU  - Hayashi, T.
AU  - O'hira, S.
AU  - Nishi, M.
AU  - Hyatt, D.
AU  - Carlson, R.V.
T1  - Behavior of tritium in the TSTA test cell combined with operation of the Experimental Tritium Cleanup (ETC) system
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Tritium and deuterium are expected to be the fuel for the first fusion power reactors. Being radioactive, tritium is a health, safety and environment concern. Room air tritium clean systems can be used to handle tritium that has been lost to the room from primary or secondary containment. Such a system called the Experimental Tritium Cleanup (ETC) systems is installed at the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The ETC consists of (1) two compressors which draw air from the room, (2) a catalyst bed for conversion of tritium to tritiated water, and (3) molecular sieve beds for collection of the water. The exhaust from this system can be returned to the room or vented to the stack. As part of the US–Japan fusion collaboration, on two separate occasions, tritium was released into the 3000 m3 TSTA test cell, and the ETC was used to handle these releases. Each release consisted of about one Curie of tritium. Tritium concentrations in the room were monitored at numerous locations. Also recorded were the HT and HTO concentrations at the inlet and outlet of the catalyst bed. Tritium surface concentrations in the test cell were measured before and at a series of times after the releases. Surfaces included normal test cell equipment as well as idealized test specimens. The results showed that the tritium became well-mixed in the test cell after about 45 min. When the ETC was turned on, the tritium in the TSTA test cell decreased exponentially as was expected. The test cell air tritium concentration was reduced to below one DAC (derived air concentration) in about 260 min. For the catalyst bed, at startup when the bed was at ambient temperature, there was little conversion of tritium to HTO. However, once the bed warmed to about 420 K, all of the tritium that entered the bed was converted to HTO. Immediately after the experiment, surfaces in the room initially showed moderately elevated tritium concentrations. However, with normal ventilation, these concentrations soon returned to routine levels. The data collected and reported here should be useful for planning for the operation of existing and future tritium facilities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - Experimental Tritium Cleanup system
KW  - Tritium
KW  - Tritium System Test Assembly
N1  - Accession Number: 8621967; Willms, R.S. 1; Email Address: willms@lanl.gov Kobayashi, K. 2 Iwai, Y. 2 Hayashi, T. 2 O'hira, S. 2 Nishi, M. 2 Hyatt, D. 1 Carlson, R.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p575; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental Tritium Cleanup system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium System Test Assembly; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shu, W.M.
AU  - Gentile, C.A.
AU  - Skinner, C.H.
AU  - Langish, S.
AU  - Nishi, M.F.
T1  - The effect of oxygen on the release of tritium during baking of TFTR D–T tiles
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 599
SN  - 09203796
AB  - A series of tests involving 10 h baking under the current ITER design conditions (240 °C with 933 Pa O2) was performed using a cube of a carbon fiber composite tile that had been used in Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) during its deuterium–tritium burning operation. The removal rate of the codeposits was about 3 μm/h near the surface and 0.9 μm/h in the deeper region. Total amount of tritium released from the cube during 10 h baking was 202 MBq, while remaining tritium in the cube after baking was 403 MBq. Thus 10 h baking at 240 °C with 933 Pa O2 removed 1/3 of tritium from the cube. After 10 h baking, the tritium concentration on the cube surface also dropped by about 1/3. In addition, some tritium was released from another cube of the tile during baking at 240 °C in pure Ar, and a rapid increase of tritium release was observed when the purging gas was shifted from pure Ar to Ar–1%O2. When a whole TFTR tile was baked in air at 350 °C for 1 h and then at 500 °C for 1 h, the ratios of tritium released were 53 and 47%, respectively. Oxygen reacted with carbon to produce carbon monoxide during baking in air. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - Carbon fiber composite
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Tritium concentration
N1  - Accession Number: 8621970; Shu, W.M. 1; Email Address: shu@tpl.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Gentile, C.A. 2 Skinner, C.H. 2 Langish, S. 2 Nishi, M.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Tritium Engineering Laboratory, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p599; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon fiber composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium concentration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, D.L.
AU  - Park, J.-H.
AU  - Lyublinski, I.
AU  - Evtikhin, V.
AU  - Perujo, A.
AU  - Glassbrenner, H.
AU  - Terai, T.
AU  - Zinkle, S.
T1  - Progress in coating development for fusion systems
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 61/62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 629
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Development of effective and reliable coatings is a key to the viability of most, if not all, fusion blanket systems. The specific purpose and requirements of the coatings vary widely, depending on the blanket concept. The efforts on coating development to date have focused primarily on electrically insulating coatings for the self-cooled lithium concepts with a vanadium alloy structure, and the tritium barrier coatings for the water-cooled, Pb–Li (WCLL) breeder concepts with ferritic steel structures. Although other coating materials are under consideration, most of the effort on the electrically insulating coatings has focused on CaO and AlN coatings on V–4Cr–4Ti alloy structure. Most of the effort on the tritium barrier coating development is focused on Al2O3 coatings formed on aluminized ferritic steels. This paper presents an overview of the status of coating development for the various fusion concepts with emphasis on the materials interaction and chemistry control issues associated with the formation, stability and performance of the coatings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - Coatings
KW  - Ferritic steels
KW  - Lead-lithium blankets
KW  - Liquid lithium blankets
KW  - Nitrides
KW  - Oxides
KW  - Vanadium alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 8621974; Smith, D.L. 1; Email Address: dalesmith@anl.gov Park, J.-H. 1 Lyublinski, I. 2 Evtikhin, V. 2 Perujo, A. 3 Glassbrenner, H. 4 Terai, T. 5 Zinkle, S. 6; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S.Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Enterprise 1a Electrolitnyi proezd, Moscow 115230, Russia  3: Joint Research Center, 21020 Ispra, Italy  4: Forschungcentrum Karlsruhe, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany  5: University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan  6: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 61/62 Issue 1, p629; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferritic steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead-lithium blankets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid lithium blankets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadium alloys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horita, Juske
AU  - Zimmermann, Heide
AU  - Holland, Heinrich D.
T1  - Chemical evolution of seawater during the Phanerozoic: Implications from the record of marine evaporites
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 66
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3733
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The chemical evolution of seawater during the Phanerozoic is still a matter of debate. We have assembled and critically analyzed the available data for the composition of fluid inclusions in marine halite and for the mineralogy of marine evaporites. The composition of fluid inclusions in primary marine halite reveals two major long-term cycles in the chemistry of seawater during the past 600 myr. The concentration of Mg2+, Ca2+, and SO42− has varied quite dramatically. The Mg2+ concentration in seawater during most of the early Paleozoic and Jurassic to Cretaceous was as low as 30 to 40 mmol/kg H2O; it reached maximum values ≥50 mmol/kg H2O during the Late Neoproterozoic and Permian. The Ca2+ concentration in seawater during the Phanerozoic has reached maximum values two to three times greater than the concentration in seawater today (10.6 mmol/kg H2O), whereas SO42− concentrations may have been as low as 5 to 10 mmol/kg H2O (a third to a fifth of the modern value) during the Jurassic and Early Paleozoic. The Mg2+/Ca2+ ratio in seawater ranged from 1 to 1.5 during the early to middle Paleozoic and Jurassic-Cretaceous to a near-modern value of 5.2 during the Late Neoproterozoic and Permian. This change in seawater Mg2+/Ca2+ ratio is consistent with the notion of alternating “calcite-aragonite seas” recorded in oo¨lites and marine carbonate cements.Several models have been proposed to explain the chemical evolution of seawater. These have invoked significant changes in one or more of the major geochemical processes that control the composition of seawater. The pattern and magnitude of the variations in the composition of seawater proposed in this study are similar to those proposed elsewhere that suggest that seawater fluxes through midocean ridges have played a major role in the evolution of seawater during the past 600 myr. Two Phanerozoic supercycles of the Earth’s exogenic processes were recognized in the literature that are caused by mantle convection and plate activity. The composition of seawater has apparently undergone dramatic secular changes in phase with these supercycles and as a consequence of biological evolution. Analyses of fluid inclusions containing unevaporated seawater and a better understanding of the processes that affect the composition of seawater are needed to refine our understanding of the history of Phanerozoic seawater. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEAWATER
KW  - MOLECULAR evolution
KW  - FLUID inclusions
N1  - Accession Number: 7908817; Horita, Juske 1; Email Address: horitaj@ornl.gov Zimmermann, Heide 2 Holland, Heinrich D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, USA  2: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 20 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 66 Issue 21, p3733; Subject Term: SEAWATER; Subject Term: MOLECULAR evolution; Subject Term: FLUID inclusions; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horita, Juske
AU  - Cole, David R.
AU  - Polyakov, Veniamin B.
AU  - Driesner, Thomas
T1  - Experimental and theoretical study of pressure effects on hydrogen isotope fractionation in the system brucite-water at elevated temperatures
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 66
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3769
SN  - 00167037
AB  - A detailed, systematic experimental and theoretical study was conducted to investigate the effect of pressure on equilibrium D/H fractionation between brucite (Mg(OH)2) and water at temperatures from 200 to 600°C and pressures up to 800 MPa. A fine-grained brucite was isotopically exchanged with excess amounts of water, and equilibrium D/H fractionation factors were calculated by means of the partial isotope exchange method. Our experiments unambiguously demonstrated that the D/H fractionation factor between brucite and water increased by 4.4 to 12.4‰ with increasing pressure to 300 or 800 MPa at all the temperatures investigated. The observed increases are linear with the density of water under experimental conditions. We calculated the pressure effects on the reduced partition function ratios (β-factor) of brucite (300–800 K and P ≤ 800 MPa) and water (400–600°C and P ≤ 100 MPa), employing a statistical-mechanical method similar to that developed by  and a simple thermodynamic method based on the molar volumes of normal and heavy waters, respectively. Our theoretical calculations showed that the reduced partition function ratio of brucite increases linearly with pressure at a given temperature (as much as 12.6‰ at 300 K and 800 MPa). The magnitude of the pressure effects rapidly decreases with increasing temperature. On the other hand, the β-factor of water decreases 4 to 5‰ with increasing pressure to 100 MPa at 400 to 600°C. Overall D/H isotope pressure effects combined from the separate calculations on brucite and water are in excellent agreement with the experimental results under the same temperature-pressure range. Our calculations also suggest that under the current experimental conditions, the magnitude of the isotope pressure effects is much larger on water than brucite. Thus, the observed pressure effects on D/H fractionation are common to other systems involving water. It is very likely that under some geologic conditions, pressure is an important variable in controlling D/H partitioning. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - ISOTOPE separation
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 7908820; Horita, Juske 1; Email Address: horitaj@ornl.gov Cole, David R. 1 Polyakov, Veniamin B. 2 Driesner, Thomas 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, USA  2: V. I. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow B-334, Russia  3: Isotope Geochemistry and Mineral Resources, ETH Zentrum, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 66 Issue 21, p3769; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: ISOTOPE separation; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fomel, Sergey
AU  - Berryman, James G.
AU  - Clapp, Robert G.
AU  - Prucha, Marie
T1  - Iterative resolution estimation in least-squares Kirchhoff migration.
JO  - Geophysical Prospecting
JF  - Geophysical Prospecting
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
EP  - 588
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00168025
AB  - ABSTRACT We apply iterative resolution estimation to least-squares Kirchhoff migration. Reviewing the theory of iterative optimization uncovers the common origin of different optimization methods. This allows us to reformulate the pseudo-inverse, model resolution and data resolution operators in terms of effective iterative estimates. When applied to Kirchhoff migration, plots of the diagonal of the model resolution matrix reveal low illumination areas on seismic images and provide information about image uncertainties. Synthetic and real data examples illustrate the proposed technique and confirm the theoretical expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geophysical Prospecting is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 8515159; Fomel, Sergey 1 Berryman, James G. 2 Clapp, Robert G. 3 Prucha, Marie 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 50A-1148, Berkeley, CA 94720,  2: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808 L-200, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, and  3: Stanford Exploration Project, Mitchell Bldg., Department of Geophysics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2215, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p577; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: MATRICES; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2478.2002.00341.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Shen, T.D.
AU  - Schwarz, R.B.
T1  - Atom probe tomography study of the decomposition of a bulk metallic glass
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1047
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The microstructural evolution of a Pd40Ni40P20 bulk metallic glass that was isothermally annealed at 260 °C for 14 h, and then aged at 340 °C for times up to 1280 min has been studied. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of the aged samples show an endothermic peak at approximately 370 °C in addition to the ubiquitous glass transition. The endothermic peak appears after 20 min aging and disappears after 320 min aging. The corresponding X-ray diffraction (XRD) data show no Bragg peaks that could indicate the formation of a crystalline phase. Near-atomic-resolution atom probe tomography (APT) was used to study changes in the atomic spatial distributions as a function of aging time. The chemical environment around each of the atomic species, and the tendencies for solute clustering and chemical short range ordering, were determined from statistical analysis of the APT data. Clustering and possible phase separation are identified by APT after only 20 min aging at 340 °C, which correlates with the appearance of the peak in the DSC signal. Crystallization is apparent in the APT and XRD data after aging for 320 min. The study suggests that the amorphous Pd40Ni40P20 annealed at a temperature 40 °C above Tg phase separates into two or more amorphous phases. The endothermic peak in the DSC trace is produced by the dissolution of the phase separation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
N1  - Accession Number: 8568203; Miller, M.K. 1; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Shen, T.D. 2 Schwarz, R.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy, Microanalysis, Microstructures Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  2: Structure/properties Relations Group, Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755 Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1047; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mukai, Toshiji
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Kawamura, Yoshihito
AU  - Inoue, Akihisa
AU  - Higashi, Kenji
T1  - Effect of strain rate on compressive behavior of a Pd40Ni40P20 bulk metallic glass
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1071
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Mechanical deformation of Pd40Ni40P20 was characterized in compression over a wide strain rate range (3.3×10−5 to 2×103 s−1) at room temperature. The compression sample fractured with a shear plane inclined ∼42 degree with respect to the loading axis, in contrast to ∼56 degree for the case of tension. This suggests the yielding of the material deviates from the classical von Mises yield criterion, but follows the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion. Fracture stress as well as strain was found to decrease with increasing applied strain rate. The compressive stress (∼1.74 GPa) was also found to be higher than the tensile fracture stress at a quasi-static strain rate. Close examination of the stress–strain curves revealed that localized shear might have occurred at a compressive stress of about ∼1.4 GPa, much lower than the “apparent” yield stress of 1.74 GPa. However, the stress of 1.4 GPa for shear band initiation is almost the same as the fracture stress measured at a dynamic strain rate of 5×102 s−1. These results suggested that the fracture of a bulk metallic glass is sensitive to the applied loading rate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - STRAIN theory (Chemistry)
KW  - B. Fracture stress
KW  - B. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 8568221; Mukai, Toshiji 1; Email Address: toshiji@pp.iij4u.or.jp Nieh, T.G. 2 Kawamura, Yoshihito 3 Inoue, Akihisa 4 Higashi, Kenji 5; Affiliation:  1: Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, 1-6-50 Morinomiya Joto-ku, Osaka 536-8553, Japan  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-350, PO Box. 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan  4: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  5: Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1071; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: STRAIN theory (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Fracture stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F.
AU  - Miller, M.K.
T1  - Oxygen impurity and microalloying effect in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass alloy
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1105
SN  - 09669795
AB  - A Zr-base bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloy with the base composition Zr–10 at.%Al–5% Ti–17.9% Cu–14.6% Ni (BAM-11) was used to study the effects of oxygen impurities and microalloying on the microstructure and mechanical properties. Oxygen impurity at a level of 3000 appm dramatically reduced the glass forming ability and embrittled BAM-11 at room temperature. The embrittlement was due to the formation of oxygen-induced Zr4Ni2O nuclei that triggered near complete crystallization of the metallic glass. Microalloying with 0.1 at.%B+0.2%Si+0.1%Pb was effective in suppressing the crystalline phase formation and alleviating the detrimental effect of oxygen. Microstructural analyses indicate that the beneficial effect of the optimum dopants was mainly due to stabilization of the glass-phase matrix even though it contained high levels of oxygen. Thus, microalloying is effective in reducing the production cost and is very useful for manufacturing good-quality Zr-based BMGs from impure charge materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - D. Phase interface
KW  - Electron microscopy, scanning
KW  - F. Atom microprobe
KW  - Mechanical properties at ambient temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 8568241; Liu, C.T.; Email Address: liuct@ornl.gov Chisholm, M.F. 1 Miller, M.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6115, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1105; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscopy, scanning; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Atom microprobe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties at ambient temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peter, W.H.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Buchanan, R.A.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Brooks, C.R.
AU  - Horton Jr., J.A.
AU  - Carmichael Jr., C.A.
AU  - Wright, J.L.
T1  - Fatigue behavior of Zr52.5Al10Ti5Cu17.9Ni14.6 bulk metallic glass
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1125
SN  - 09669795
AB  - In the present study, fatigue tests were conducted on a zirconium-based bulk metallic glass (BMG), BMG-11 (Zr–10Al–5Ti–17.9Cu–14.6Ni, atomic percent), in air and vacuum to elucidate the possible environmental effects. In air, the fatigue endurance limit and the fatigue ratio were found to be 907 MPa and 0.53, respectively. These values are better than many conventional high-strength crystalline alloys. Unexpectedly, the fatigue lifetimes in vacuum were found to be lower than in air. Additional testing indicated that dissociation of residual water vapor to atomic hydrogen in the vacuum via a hot-tungsten-filament ionization gauge, and subsequent hydrogen embrittlement of the BMG-11, could have been a factor causing the lower fatigue lifetimes observed in vacuum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - Fatigue
N1  - Accession Number: 8568251; Peter, W.H. 1 Liaw, P.K. 1 Buchanan, R.A. 1; Email Address: rab1@utk.edu Liu, C.T. 2 Brooks, C.R. 1 Horton Jr., J.A. 2 Carmichael Jr., C.A. 2 Wright, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 434 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals & Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6115, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1125; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peter, W.H.
AU  - Buchanan, R.A.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Morrison, M.L.
AU  - Horton, J.A.
AU  - Carmichael Jr., C.A.
AU  - Wright, J.L.
T1  - Localized corrosion behavior of a zirconium-based bulk metallic glass relative to its crystalline state
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1157
SN  - 09669795
AB  - To date, few detailed corrosion studies of the new bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been presented. In the present work, the aqueous electrochemical corrosion properties of BMG-11, 52.5Zr–17.9Cu–14.6Ni–5.0Ti–10.0Al (atomic percent), were investigated. Cyclic-anodic-polarization tests were conducted on amorphous and crystalline specimens in a 0.6 M NaCl solution (simulated seawater) and on amorphous specimens in a 0.05 M Na2SO4 solution (simulated moisture condensation, as related to ongoing fatigue experiments in humid air), all at room temperature. In the NaCl solution, both amorphous and crystalline materials were found to exhibit passive behavior with low corrosion rates (15 μm/year or less). However, susceptibilities to pitting corrosion were observed. The amorphous material was found to be more resistant to the onset of pitting corrosion under natural corrosion conditions. In the 0.05 M Na2SO4 solution, the amorphous BMG-11 was found to exhibit passive behavior with a very low corrosion rate (0.4 μm/year), and to be immune to pitting corrosion. Furthermore, when the protective passive film was removed by scratching with a diamond stylus, it was found to quickly reform. This result suggested that a corrosion influence on the fatigue properties of BMG-11 in humid air would be minimal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC corrosion
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - B. Corrosion
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
N1  - Accession Number: 8568272; Peter, W.H. 1 Buchanan, R.A. 1; Email Address: rab1@utk.edu Liu, C.T. 2 Liaw, P.K. 1 Morrison, M.L. 1 Horton, J.A. 2 Carmichael Jr., C.A. 2 Wright, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 434 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals & Ceramics Division, PO Box 2008, MS 6115, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1157; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC corrosion; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Schuh, C.
AU  - Wadsworth, J.
AU  - Li, Yi
T1  - Strain rate-dependent deformation in bulk metallic glasses
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1177
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Metallic glasses have metastable structures. As a result, their plastic deformation is dependent upon structural dynamics. In the present paper, we present data obtained from Zr-base and La-base metallic glasses and discuss the kinetic aspects of plastic deformation, including both homogeneous and heterogeneous deformation. In the case of homogeneous deformation (typically occurring in the supercooled liquid region), Newtonian behavior is not universally observed and usually takes place only at low strain rates. At high strain rates, non-Newtonian behavior is usually observed. It is demonstrated that this non-Newtonian behavior is associated with in situ crystallization of the amorphous structure. In the case of heterogeneous deformation (occurring at room temperature), deformation is controlled by localized shear banding. The plastic deformation of a La-base metallic glass is also investigated using instrumented nanoindentation experiments over a broad range of indentation strain rates. At low rates, the load-displacement curves during indentation exhibit numerous serrations or pop-ins, but these serrations become less prominent as the indentation rate is increased. Using the tip velocity during pop-in as a gauge of serration activity, we find that serrated flow is only significant at indentation strain rates below a certain critical value. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - STRUCTURAL dynamics
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - F. Electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8568287; Nieh, T.G. 1; Email Address: nieh1@11nl.gov Schuh, C. 1 Wadsworth, J. 1 Li, Yi 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-350, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Materials Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1177; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL dynamics; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chu, J.P.
AU  - Chiang, C.L.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Kawamura, Y.
T1  - Superplasticity in a bulk amorphous Pd-40Ni-20P alloy:a compression study
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1191
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Compressive deformation behavior of a cast Pd40Ni40P20 bulk metallic glass in the supercooled liquid region (589–670 K) was investigated at strain rates ranging from 10−4 to 10−2 s−1. The material exhibited excellent mechanical formability in the supercooled liquid region. However, in contrast to a Newtonian behavior generally observed in oxide glasses, the present alloy also showed a non-Newtonian behavior, depending upon the temperature and applied strain rate. Specifically, the alloy is like a Newtonian fluid at high temperatures, but becomes non-Newtonian at low temperatures and high strain rates. Structures of the amorphous material, both before and after deformation, were examined using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The non-Newtonian behavior is proposed to be associated with the glass instability during deformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - SUPERCOOLED liquids
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - Mechanical properties at high temperatures
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Superplastic behaviour
KW  - Thermal stability
N1  - Accession Number: 8568298; Chu, J.P. 1; Email Address: jpchu@mail.ntou.edu.tw Chiang, C.L. 1 Nieh, T.G. 2 Kawamura, Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Materials Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung, Taiwan, ROC  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, L-350 700 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 97551, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1191; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: SUPERCOOLED liquids; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties at high temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superplastic behaviour; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal stability; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
AU  - Rozhkova, E.
AU  - Besser, M.F.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
T1  - Formation of quasicrystals in Zr–Pd–(Cu) melt spun ribbons and mechanically milled powders
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1233
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Amorphous Zr70Pd30 and Zr70Pd20Cu10 alloys were prepared by mechanical milling and melt spinnng to compare their devitrification behaviors. The devitrification of mechanically milled Zr70Pd30 and Zr70Pd20Cu10 powders occurs via a single-step, first-order transformation to a stable Zr2Pd tetragonal structure. This is in sharp contrast to the devitrification of the same amorphous alloys prepared by melt spinning, in which a primary meta-stable quasicrystalline phase forms. Since the mechanical milling process does not involve direct liquid phase formation of an amorphous structure, it is inferred that the short-range order in the solid state derived amorphous powder is different from that in the melt spun ribbon. During mechanical milling of an amorphous melt spun ribbon, crystallization of the quasicrystalline phase appears to precede disordering into an amorphous structure having an different short range order. Deformation of an amorphous melt spun ribbon by repetitive rolling at ambient temperature crystallizes the meta-stable quasicrystalline phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - A. Nanostructured intermetallics
KW  - B. Phase transformation
KW  - C. Mechanical alloying and milling
KW  - C. Rapid solidification processing
KW  - F. Diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 8568335; Sordelet, D.J.; Email Address: sordelet@ameslab.gov Rozhkova, E. 1 Besser, M.F. 1 Kramer, M.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1233; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nanostructured intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Mechanical alloying and milling; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Rapid solidification processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Diffraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kai, W.
AU  - Hsieh, H.H.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Kawamura, Y.
T1  - Oxidation behavior of a Zr–Cu–Al–Ni amorphous alloy in air at 300–425 °C
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1265
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The oxidation behavior of Zr–30Cu–10Al–5Ni bulk metallic glass and its crystalline counterpart was studied over the temperature range of 300–425 °C in dry air. In general, the oxidation kinetics of both amorphous and crystalline alloys followed a two- or three-stage parabolic rate law at T&ges;350 °C, while at 300 °C the amorphous alloy oxidized following a linear behavior. The oxidation rate constants for the amorphous alloy are slightly higher than those for the crystalline alloy at 350–400 °C. The scale formed on the amorphous alloy consists of mainly tetragonal-ZrO2 at 300 °C, while a mixture of monoclinic-ZrO2 (m-ZrO2) and tetragonal-ZrO2 (t-ZrO2) and some CuO were detected at higher temperatures. The scale formed on the crystalline alloy, on the other hand, consists of mainly Al2O3, some tetragonal-ZrO2, and a slight amount of monoclinic-ZrO2 at 300 °C. At higher temperatures, the crystalline alloy consists of mainly monoclinic-ZrO2, some CuO and Cu2O, and limited tetragonal-ZrO2. It is suggested that the formation of Al2O3 (at 300 °C) and CuO/Cu2O (at 350-400 °C) on the crystalline alloy is responsible for the reduced oxidation rates as compared with those of amorphous alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - B. Oxidation
KW  - Diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 8568354; Kai, W. 1 Hsieh, H.H. 1 Nieh, T.G. 2 Kawamura, Y. 3; Email Address: rivervil@kumamoto-u.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Materials Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, People's Republic of China  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-350, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 10 Issue 11/12, p1265; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yaswen, Paul
AU  - Stampfer, Martha R.
T1  - Molecular changes accompanying senescence and immortalization of cultured human mammary epithelial cells
JO  - International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
JF  - International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1382
SN  - 13572725
AB  - Limits on the proliferative potential of cultured normal human cells may be consequences of pathways that exist to suppress tumorigenicity. Human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) employ several mechanisms to prevent unlimited growth. One mechanism may be activated by stress, and is associated with upregulated expression of p16INK4a. In serum-free medium, some HMEC arise spontaneously which do not express p16. These “post-selection” HMEC are capable of long-term proliferation, but ultimately cease growth when their telomeres become very short. As they approach a growth plateau, termed agonescence, post-selection HMEC populations accumulate chromosome abnormalities. In contrast to the crisis exhibited by cells lacking functional p53, agonescent cells can be maintained as viable cultures. Although transduction of hTERT, the catalytic subunit of telomerase, into post-selection cells can, by itself, efficiently produce immortality and avoid agonescence, the errors that produce telomerase reactivation during carcinogenesis are not known. The block to endogenous telomerase reactivation in HMEC is extremely stringent. However, if one predisposing error is present, the probability greatly increases that additional error(s) required for immortalization may be generated by genomic instability encountered during agonescence. In p53(+) HMEC immortalized after chemical carcinogen exposure, the events involved in overcoming agonescence can be temporally separated from activation of telomerase. We have used the term “conversion” to describe the gradual process that leads to telomerase activation, telomere length stabilization, decreased p57KIP2 expression, and increased ability to grow uniformly well in the presence or absence of TGFβ. In the presence of active p53, conversion may represent a rate-limiting step in immortal transformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AGING
KW  - TELOMERASE
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - Immortality
KW  - p16INK4a
KW  - p57KIP2
KW  - Telomerase
KW  - TGFβ
N1  - Accession Number: 7864094; Yaswen, Paul; Email Address: p_yaswen@lbl.gov Stampfer, Martha R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 70A-1118 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p1382; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: TELOMERASE; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immortality; Author-Supplied Keyword: p16INK4a; Author-Supplied Keyword: p57KIP2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: TGFβ; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krtolica, Ana
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Cancer and aging: a model for the cancer promoting effects of the aging stroma
JO  - International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
JF  - International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1401
SN  - 13572725
AB  - The incidence of cancer rises exponentially with age in humans and many other mammalian species. Malignant tumors are caused by an accumulation of oncogenic mutations. In addition, malignant tumorigenesis requires a permissive tissue environment in which mutant cells can survive, proliferate, and express their neoplastic phenotype. We propose that the age-related increase in cancer results from a synergy between the accumulation of mutations and age-related, pro-oncogenic changes in the tissue milieu. Most age-related cancers derive from the epithelial cells of renewable tissues. An important element of epithelial tissues is the stroma, the sub-epithelial layer composed of extracellular matrix and several cell types. The stroma is maintained, remodeled and repaired by resident fibroblasts, supports and instructs the epithelium, and is essential for epithelial function. One change that occurs in tissues during aging is the accumulation of epithelial cells and fibroblasts that have undergone cellular senescence. Cellular senescence irreversibly arrests proliferation in response to damage or stimuli that put cells at risk for neoplastic transformation. Senescent cells secrete factors that can disrupt tissue architecture and/or stimulate nearby cells to proliferate. We therefore speculate that their presence may create a pro-oncogenic tissue environment that synergizes with oncogenic mutations to drive the rise in cancer incidence with age. Recent evidence lends support to this idea, and suggests that senescent stromal fibroblasts may be particularly adept at creating a tissue environment that can promote the development of age-related epithelial cancers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER
KW  - AGING
KW  - Antagonistic pleiotropy
KW  - Cellular senescence
KW  - Oncogenic mutations
KW  - Tissue microenvironment
KW  - Tumor suppression
N1  - Accession Number: 7864096; Krtolica, Ana 1 Campisi, Judith; Email Address: jcampisi@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Mailstop 84-171, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p1401; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: AGING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antagonistic pleiotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oncogenic mutations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tissue microenvironment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tumor suppression; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsygankov, Anatoly
AU  - Kosourov, Sergey
AU  - Seibert, Michael
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
T1  - Hydrogen photoproduction under continuous illumination by sulfur-deprived, synchronous Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 27
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1239
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Unsynchronized Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells subsequently deprived of sulfur produce <f>H2</f> under continuous illumination in the laboratory for 3–4 days. However, cultures grown outdoors will be exposed to day-and-night cycles that may synchronize their growth and cell division. While it is clear that only insignificant amounts of <f>H2</f> can be produced by sulfur-deprived cells during the night period, little work has been done to examine the effects of the light/dark cycles preceding sulfur deprivation on subsequent <f>H2</f> photoproduction. We show that (a) C. reinhardtii cells exhibit synchronized growth and cell division in the presence of acetate, (b) cells with the highest specific rates of <f>H2</f> photoproduction also have the highest rates of biomass accumulation, and (c) the highest rates of starch and protein degradation coincide with the highest rates of formate and acetate accumulation, but not with <f>H2</f> photoproduction. This work shows that it is possible to maximize the production of <f>H2</f> by sulfur-depriving synchronized cultures at about <f>4 h</f> after the beginning of the light period. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN algae
KW  - HYDROGEN production
KW  - PHOTOBIOLOGY
KW  - Green algae
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Photoproduction
KW  - Sulfur deprivation
KW  - Synchronous growth
N1  - Accession Number: 7879605; Tsygankov, Anatoly 1,2 Kosourov, Sergey 1,2 Seibert, Michael 2 Ghirardi, Maria L. 2; Email Address: maria_ghirardi@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 27 Issue 11/12, p1239; Subject Term: GREEN algae; Subject Term: HYDROGEN production; Subject Term: PHOTOBIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green algae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoproduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur deprivation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchronous growth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laurinavichene, Tatyana V.
AU  - Tolstygina, Irena V.
AU  - Galiulina, Rumiya R.
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
AU  - Seibert, Michael
AU  - Tsygankov, Anatoly A.
T1  - Dilution methods to deprive Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures of sulfur for subsequent hydrogen photoproduction
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 27
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1245
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Sulfur deprivation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures gradually inactivates photosynthetic <f>O2</f> evolution and leads to the establishment of anaerobiosis in the medium. Sulfur-deprived algal cultures kept under anaerobic conditions will then produce <f>H2</f> gas for 3–5 days under continuous illumination. Currently, sulfur deprivation is achieved by mechanical centrifugation of cultures grown in sulfur-replete medium, followed by extensive and costly washing. The cells are finally resuspended in sulfur-free medium. The current study investigates two procedures to deprive algal cultures of sulfur that eliminate the centrifugation step. These procedures involve sulfur deprivation by dilution of sulfur-replete cultures into either sulfur-limited medium or sulfur-free medium. We demonstrate that efficient <f>H2</f> photoproduction can be achieved on a timely basis using either procedure. However, the dilution of sulfate-replete algal cultures <f>1:10 v/v</f> into sulfur-free medium is the most appropriate procedure. These observations serve as the basis for developing an algal <f>H2</f>-production system that is cheaper, less time-consuming, and less amenable to contamination with other microorganisms than systems employing centrifugation for sulfur deprivation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN algae
KW  - HYDROGEN production
KW  - BIOREACTORS
KW  - Green algae
KW  - Photobiological hydrogen production
KW  - Photobioreactors
KW  - Sulfur deprivation
N1  - Accession Number: 7879606; Laurinavichene, Tatyana V. 1 Tolstygina, Irena V. 1 Galiulina, Rumiya R. 1 Ghirardi, Maria L. 2 Seibert, Michael 2 Tsygankov, Anatoly A. 1; Email Address: ttt@issp.serpukhov.su; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia  2: Basic Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 27 Issue 11/12, p1245; Subject Term: GREEN algae; Subject Term: HYDROGEN production; Subject Term: BIOREACTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green algae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photobiological hydrogen production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photobioreactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur deprivation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horner, Jack K.
AU  - Wolinsky, Murray A.
T1  - A power-law sensitivity analysis of the hydrogen-producing metabolic pathway in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 27
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1251
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Melis et al. have demonstrated that the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, when deprived of sulfur, can produce hydrogen gas for <f>∼70 h</f>, then can resume hydrogen gas production after a brief period of “recharging” in the presence of sulfur. Here we describe an S-system model of <f>H2</f> production by C. reinhardtii. Through that model we investigate the sensitivity of <f>H2</f> production to photosynthetic efficiency, and to contention for the protons produced by the photolysis of water, between hydrogen production on the one hand, and ATP consumption by cellular functions outside the <f>H2</f> production path on the other. The model identifies for experimental investigation several potential systemic constraints on any genetic re-engineering effort aimed at increasing the <f>H2</f> production efficiency of the alga. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN algae
KW  - HYDROGEN production
KW  - Green algae
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Photosynthetic algae
KW  - Renewable energy
KW  - S-system
KW  - Solar energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7879607; Horner, Jack K. 1; Email Address: jhorner@cybermesa.com Wolinsky, Murray A. 2; Email Address: mmwolinsky@aol.com; Affiliation:  1: Science Applications International Corporation and High Performance Computing Environments (LANL/CCN-8), MS T080, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545 USA  2: Biological Sciences Division (LANL/B-1), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545 USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 27 Issue 11/12, p1251; Subject Term: GREEN algae; Subject Term: HYDROGEN production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green algae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosynthetic algae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: S-system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maness, Pin-Ching
AU  - Weaver, Paul F.
T1  - Hydrogen production from a carbon-monoxide oxidation pathway in Rubrivivax gelatinosus
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 27
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1407
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Upon feeding CO to the gas phase of a photosynthetic bacterium Rubrivivax gelatinosus CBS, a CO oxidation: <f>H2</f> production pathway is quickly induced. Hydrogen is produced according to the equation <f>CO+H2O→CO2+H2</f>. Two enzymes are known to be involved in this pathway: a CO dehydrogenase (CODH) with a pH optimum of 8.0 and above, and a hydrogenase with a pH optimum near 7.5. Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase also displays a temperature optimum near <f>50°C</f>. When CO mass transfer is not limited during a CO uptake measurement, an extreme fast rate of CO uptake was determined, allowing for the removal of near 87% of the dissolved CO from a bacterial suspension within <f>10 s</f>. This process has therefore two potential applications, one in the production of <f>H2</f> gas as a clean renewable fuel using the linked CO oxidation: <f>H2</f> production pathway, and another in using the CODH enzyme itself as a fuel–gas conditioning catalyst. These applications thereby will improve the overall <f>H2</f> economy when gasified waste biomass serves as the inexpensive feedstock. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC bacteria
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Hydrogenase
KW  - Rubrivivax gelatinosus
N1  - Accession Number: 7879626; Maness, Pin-Ching; Email Address: pinching_maness@nrel.gov Weaver, Paul F. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 27 Issue 11/12, p1407; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC bacteria; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubrivivax gelatinosus; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flynn, Timothy
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria Lucia
AU  - Seibert, Michael
T1  - Accumulation of <f>O2</f>-tolerant phenotypes in <f>H2</f>-producing strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by sequential applications of chemical mutagenesis and selection
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 27
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1421
SN  - 03603199
AB  - The photoproduction of hydrogen by anaerobically induced algae is catalyzed by a bidirectional hydrogenase that is rapidly inactivated by oxygen. We isolated two generations of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains with <f>H2</f>-evolving activities of up to 10 times the <f>O2</f>-tolerance seen in the wild-type (WT). These isolates were generated by two sequential selections, consisting of random chemical mutagenesis, enrichment for <f>H2</f>-metabolism clones following exposure to increasing amounts of <f>O2</f>, and screening using a chemochromic sensor. The selected strains were characterized by two types of assays and classified as those that (a) can evolve <f>H2</f> following exposure to <f>O2</f> concentrations that inactive the WT strain and (b) in addition, are able to quickly reactivate <f>H2</f>-production activity once <f>O2</f> is removed. These results suggest that <f>O2</f>-tolerance can be increased by successive rounds of mutagenesis, selection, and screening, demonstrating that the WT phenotype can be improved by genetic means. Other results show that the hydrogenase is less sensitive to <f>O2</f> when it is actively catalyzing <f>H2</f> evolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN algae
KW  - HYDROGEN production
KW  - HYDROGENASE
KW  - <f>H2</f> photoproduction
KW  - <f>O2</f> tolerance
KW  - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
KW  - Green algae
KW  - Hydrogenase
N1  - Accession Number: 7879628; Flynn, Timothy Ghirardi, Maria Lucia 1 Seibert, Michael; Email Address: mike_seibert@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 27 Issue 11/12, p1421; Subject Term: GREEN algae; Subject Term: HYDROGEN production; Subject Term: HYDROGENASE; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>H2</f> photoproduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>O2</f> tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green algae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenase; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yano, K.
AU  - Horie, Y.
T1  - Mesomechanics of the α–&epsiv; transition in iron
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 18
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1427
SN  - 07496419
AB  - The high pressure α–&epsiv; transition in iron is investigated by use of a two dimensional discrete element method. Special attention is focused on mesomechanics at the grain level. Anisotropic structure is simulated by a random distribution of packing orientation. Thermo-dynamic variables such as temperature and Gibbs free energy are treated as internal degrees of freedom of individual elements. The dynamics of the transition is described by the first and second order kinetics having a constant activation energy. The study shows that global metastability arises as a result of nonequilibrium fields caused by the crystal anisotropy and grain boundary effects. Calculated hysteresis under quasi-static conditions are in good agreement with diamond anvil tests. Calculations of the shock-induced transition confirms an earlier suggestion, based on continuum modeling, that the transition relaxes toward the static metastable state. Results also show that the kinetics at the grain level is different from that speculated through use of macroscopic measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - IRON
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - A. Phase transformation
KW  - A. Shock waves
KW  - B. Polycrystalline material
KW  - Discrete element method
N1  - Accession Number: 7867316; Yano, K.; Email Address: kyano@lanl.gov Horie, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p1427; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Shock waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Polycrystalline material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete element method; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chirico, R.D.
AU  - Knipmeyer, S.E.
AU  - Steele, W.V.
T1  - Heat capacities, enthalpy increments, and derived thermodynamic functions for naphthalene between the temperatures 5 K and 440 K
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1873
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Heat capacities and enthalpy increments between the temperatures <f>T=5</f> K and 440 K were measured by adiabatic calorimetry for naphthalene. The triple-point temperature, enthalpy of fusion, heat capacities, and derived thermodynamic functions are reported for the solid and liquid phases. Results are compared with selected literature values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NAPHTHALENE
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - enthalpy of fusion
KW  - entropy
KW  - heat capacity
KW  - naphthalene
KW  - triple-point temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 8537404; Chirico, R.D. 1; Email Address: chirico@boulder.nist.gov Knipmeyer, S.E. 2 Steele, W.V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC), Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA  2: Bartlesville Thermodynamics Group, BDM-Oklahoma Inc., National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research, P.O. Box 2565, Bartlesville, OK 74005-2565, USA  3: Physical Properties Research Facility, Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2007, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p1873; Subject Term: NAPHTHALENE; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: enthalpy of fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: naphthalene; Author-Supplied Keyword: triple-point temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chirico, R.D.
AU  - Knipmeyer, S.E.
AU  - Steele, W.V.
T1  - Heat capacities, enthalpy increments, and derived thermodynamic functions for benzophenone between the temperatures 5 K and 440 K
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1885
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Heat capacities and enthalpy increments between the temperatures <f>T=5 K</f> and <f>T=440 K</f> were determined with adiabatic calorimetry for benzophenone. The triple-point temperature, enthalpy of fusion, heat capacities, and derived thermodynamic functions are reported for the solid and liquid phases. Standard entropies for benzophenone are reported for the first time. Results are compared with modern literature values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - benzophenone
KW  - enthalpy of fusion
KW  - entropy
KW  - heat capacity
KW  - triple-point temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 8537405; Chirico, R.D. 1; Email Address: chirico@boulder.nist.gov Knipmeyer, S.E. 2 Steele, W.V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC), Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA  2: Bartlesville Thermodynamics Group, BDM-Oklahoma Inc., National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research, P.O. Box 2565, Bartlesville, OK 74005-2565, USA  3: Physical Properties Research Facility, Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2007, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p1885; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: benzophenone; Author-Supplied Keyword: enthalpy of fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: triple-point temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van der Hoven, S.J.
AU  - Solomon, D.K.
AU  - Moline, G.R.
T1  - Numerical simulation of unsaturated flow along preferential pathways: implications for the use of mass balance calculations for isotope storm hydrograph separation
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 268
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
SN  - 00221694
AB  - An objective common to many watershed studies is to separate storm hydrographs into two components: water that was present in the watershed prior to a storm event (soil moisture and groundwater) and water which fell on the watershed during the storm. To use this approach, a number of assumptions must be made including that the composition of water in the soil moisture and groundwater reservoirs are constant and known. The objective of this paper is to show that in settings where flow and transport are dominated by preferential pathways for flow, steady state mass balance calculations for quantitative hydrograph separation may be in error. We present field data from a site where flow and transport are dominated by preferential pathways (relict fractures in saprolite of sedimentary rocks) which indicate that the δ18O content of the water in the unsaturated and shallow saturated zones is not constant over the course of a storm event. We use a numerical model to further explore the interactions between the fractures and surrounding matrix. Both the field data and modeling results indicate that the δ18O of the previous storm event(s) has a strong influence on water in the fractures. On the time scale of a storm event, only the water in the matrix immediately surrounding the fracture mixes with water in the fracture, while the bulk of the matrix is isolated from fracture flow. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the δ18O in the subsurface and the isolation of the most of the matrix water from flow in fractures make the measurement of a singular δ18O value for subsurface reservoirs problematic and the assumption of a constant value doubtful. Since most near-surface geologic materials have preferential flow paths, we suggest that quantitative hydrograph separation using mass balance techniques is not possible in most situations. Future field and modeling investigations using the approach outlined here could be designed to explore the important temporal and spatial scales of variability in watersheds, and lead to a more quantitative approach to storm hydrograph separation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATERSHEDS
KW  - ISOTOPE separation
KW  - NAUTICAL charts
KW  - MASS budget (Geophysics)
KW  - Hydrographs
KW  - Numerical model
KW  - Preferential flow
KW  - Saprolite
KW  - Stable isotopes
KW  - Unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 7910689; Van der Hoven, S.J. 1; Email Address: sjvande2@ilstu.edu Solomon, D.K. 2 Moline, G.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geography–Geology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61701-4400, USA  2: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0111, USA  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 268 Issue 1-4, p214; Subject Term: WATERSHEDS; Subject Term: ISOTOPE separation; Subject Term: NAUTICAL charts; Subject Term: MASS budget (Geophysics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrographs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saprolite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stable isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, F.
AU  - Anderson, I.E.
AU  - Biner, S.B.
T1  - Solid state sintering and consolidation of Al powders and Al matrix composites
JO  - Journal of Light Metals
JF  - Journal of Light Metals
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 14715317
AB  - As an attempt to depart from conventional transient liquid phase sintering practice, solid state vacuum sintering was studied in loose powder and in hot quasi-isostatically forged samples composed of commercial inert gas atomized (CIGA) or high purity Al powder. The high purity Al powder was generated by a gas atomization reaction synthesis (GARS) technique that results in spherical powder with a far thinner surface oxide. After vacuum sintering at 525 °C for up to 100 h, SEM results showed that the GARS Al powder achieved significantly advanced sintering stages, compared to the CIGA Al powder. Tensile results from the forged samples also showed that although its ultimate tensile strength is lower, 95 vs. 147 MPa, the ductility of the GARS pure Al sample is higher than the CIGA Al sample. Forging also consolidated a model powder-based composite system composed of an Al matrix reinforced with quasi-crystalline Al–Cu–Fe powders, where the same powder synthesis methods were compared. Auger surface analysis detected evidence of increased matrix/reinforcement interfacial bonding in the composite sample made from GARS powder by alloy interdiffusion layer measurements, consistent with earlier tensile property measurements. The overall results indicated the significant potential of using Al powders produced with a thin, high purity surface oxide for simplifying current Al powder consolidation processing methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Light Metals is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Powder metallurgy
KW  - Sintering
N1  - Accession Number: 9568729; Tang, F. 1 Anderson, I.E.; Email Address: andersoni@ameslab.gov Biner, S.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: 222 Metals Development, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p201; Subject Term: SINTERING; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder metallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sintering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1471-5317(03)00004-X
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhi Hu, Jian
AU  - Wind, Robert A.
T1  - The evaluation of different MAS techniques at low spinning rates in aqueous samples and in the presence of magnetic susceptibility gradients
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 159
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
SN  - 10907807
AB  - It was recently demonstrated that the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) linewidths for stationary biological samples are dictated mainly by magnetic susceptibility gradients, and that phase-altered spinning sideband (PASS) and phase-corrected magic angle turning (PHORMAT) solid-state NMR techniques employing slow and ultra-slow magic angle spinning (MAS) frequencies can be used to overcome the static susceptibility broadening to yield high-resolution, spinning sideband (SSB)-free 1H NMR spectra [Magn. Reson. Med. 46 (2001) 213; 47 (2002) 829]. An additional concern is that molecular diffusion in the presence of the susceptibility gradients may limit the minimum useful MAS frequency by broadening the lines and reducing SSB suppression at low spinning frequencies. In this article the performance of PASS, PHORMAT, total sideband suppression (TOSS), and standard MAS techniques were evaluated as a function of spinning frequency. To this end, 300 MHz (7.05 T) 1H NMR spectra were acquired via PASS, TOSS, PHORMAT, and standard MAS NMR techniques for a 230-<f>μm</f>-diameter spherical glass bead pack saturated with water. The resulting strong magnetic susceptibility gradients result in a static linewidth of about 3.7 kHz that is larger than observed for a natural biological sample, constituting a worst-case scenario for examination of susceptibility broadening effects. Results: (I) TOSS produces a distorted centerband and fails in suppressing the SSBs at a spinning rate below ∼1 kHz. (II) Standard MAS requires spinning speeds above a few hundred Hz to separate the centerband from the SSBs. (III) PASS produces nearly SSB-free spectra at spinning speeds as low as 30 Hz, and is only limited by <f>T2</f>-induced signal losses. (IV) With PHORMAT, a SSB-free isotropic projection is obtained at any spinning rate, even at an ultra-slow spinning rate as slow as 1 Hz. (V) It is found empirically that the width of the isotropic peak is proportional to <f>F−x</f>, where F is the spinning frequency, and <f>x=2</f> for MAS, 0.84 for PASS, and 0.5 for PHORMAT. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - STATIONARY processes
KW  - 2D-PASS
KW  - Magic angle spinning
KW  - Magic angle turning
KW  - Magnetic susceptibility
KW  - PHORMAT
KW  - TOSS
N1  - Accession Number: 8579529; Zhi Hu, Jian 1 Wind, Robert A.; Email Address: robert.wind@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 159 Issue 1, p92; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: STATIONARY processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2D-PASS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magic angle spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magic angle turning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHORMAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOSS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Byeongwon
AU  - Corrales, L. René
T1  - Molecular dynamics simulation of La2O3–Na2O–SiO2 glasses. II. The clustering of La3+ cations
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 311
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Clustering of high-field strength rare-earth ions in silicate glasses has been experimentally observed for a wide range of concentrations. Clustering has also been observed by molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations over a range 1–10 mol% in soda silicate glasses. Although there have been numerous experimental studies, atomic-level details of the mechanisms that lead to clustering remain unclear. Coupling experiment with MD simulations is essential to uncovering the factors that lead to clustering. In this work, MD computer simulations are used to verify that clustering found in previous MD simulations is not an artifact of the simulation method. This work also provides clues as to the mechanism of atomic-level clustering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - IONS
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 7891054; Park, Byeongwon 1 Corrales, L. René; Email Address: rene.corrales@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, 902 Batelle Blvd., K8-91, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 311 Issue 2, p107; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baldwin, M.J.
AU  - Doerner, R.P.
AU  - Causey, R.
AU  - Luckhardt, S.C.
AU  - Conn, R.W.
T1  - Recombination of deuterium atoms on the surface of molten Li–LiD
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 306
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Measurements of the rate constant <f>kr</f> describing the surface recombination of deuterium atoms into molecules, were made for various molten mixtures of Li–LiD using a thermal desorption technique. The results are found to follow an Arrhenius relationship in the temperature range 573–873 K and are compared to the prediction of a kinetic model for the release of hydrogen from metals. The data are lower than would be predicted by the model for an atomically clean surface, but lower than predicted recombination rates are ubiquitous with this type of measurement and well known to result from surface contamination, which reduces surface-site availability and gives rise to variations in the surface chemisorption potential. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - THERMAL desorption
KW  - CHEMISORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 7919902; Baldwin, M.J. 1; Email Address: mbaldwin@ferp.ucsd.edu Doerner, R.P. 1 Causey, R. 2 Luckhardt, S.C. 1 Conn, R.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Energy Research & Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-San Diego, EBU II 460, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0417, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 306 Issue 1, p15; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: THERMAL desorption; Subject Term: CHEMISORPTION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennedy, Brendan J.
AU  - Vogt, Tom
T1  - Structural studies of rhodium doped Sr2RuO4
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 63
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2093
SN  - 00223697
AB  - The influence of Rh doping on the structure of Sr2RuO4 has been investigated using neutron powder diffraction methods. The metallic Ru rich compounds adopt a regular K2NiF4-type structure, space group I4/mmm, with Ru–O–Ru bond angles of 180°. The structures of the nonmetallic Rh rich compounds crystallise in space group I4/acd and are characterised by tilting of the MO6 octahedra reducing the Ru–O–Ru angle to about 160°. Irrespective of Rh content the MO6 polyhedra are not regular octahedra but are elongated along the c direction. The temperature dependence of the structure of Sr2Ru0.9Rh0.1O4 was investigated and revealed this elongation to be weakly temperature dependent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - RHODIUM
KW  - A. Oxides
KW  - C. Neutron scattering
KW  - D. Crystal structure
N1  - Accession Number: 7888638; Kennedy, Brendan J. 1; Email Address: kennedyb@chem.usyd.edu.au Vogt, Tom 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 63 Issue 11, p2093; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: RHODIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Crystal structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dimitrijevic, Nada M.
AU  - Takahashi, Kenji
AU  - Jonah, Charles D.
T1  - Visible absorption spectra of crystal violet in supercritical ethane–methanol solution
JO  - Journal of Supercritical Fluids
JF  - Journal of Supercritical Fluids
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 08968446
AB  - The effects of concentration and mole fraction of methanol in supercritical ethane on the absorption spectra of crystal violet (CV) were examined. Keeping the concentration of CV in the cell constant at 50 μmol l−1, both the methanol concentration (from 0.4 to 1.2 mol l−1) and pressure of ethane (from 60 to 150 bar) were varied. The degree of solvation of CV depends both on the mole fraction and concentration of cosolvent. The dimerization of CV was found to decrease with pressure, and with the ratio between methanol and CV concentrations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Supercritical Fluids is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - Cosolvents crystal violet
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Spectral shifts
KW  - Supercritical fluids
N1  - Accession Number: 7882827; Dimitrijevic, Nada M. Takahashi, Kenji 1 Jonah, Charles D.; Email Address: cdjonah@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p153; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosolvents crystal violet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral shifts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercritical fluids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilcox, Bruce E.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Improved ion extraction from a linear octopole ion trap: SIMION analysis and experimental demonstration
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 13
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1304
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Externally generated ions are accumulated in a linear octopole ion trap before injection into our 9.4 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass analyzer. Such instrumental configuration has previously been shown to provide improved sensitivity, scan rate, and duty cycle relative to accumulated trapping in the ICR cell. However, inefficient ion ejection from the octopole currently limits both detection limit and scan rate. SIMION 7.0 analysis predicts that a dc axial electric field inside the linear octopole ion trap expedites and synchronizes the efficient extraction of the octopole-accumulated ions. Further SIMION analysis optimizes the ion ejection properties of each of three electrode configurations designed to produce a near-linear axial potential gradient. More efficient extraction and transfer of accumulated ions spanning a wide m/z range promises to reduce detection limit and increase front-end sampling rate (e.g., to increase front-end resolution for separation techniques coupled with FT-ICR mass analysis). Addition of the axial field improves experimental signal-to-noise ratio by more than an order of magnitude. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7920512; Wilcox, Bruce E. 1 Hendrickson, Christopher L. 1 Marshall, Alan G. 1; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 13 Issue 11, p1304; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Helen J.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Cross Jr., R.James
AU  - Saunders, Martin
T1  - Direct detection and quantitation of He@C60 by ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 13
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1349
SN  - 10440305
AB  - In this paper, we report negative ion microelectrospray Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry of C60 samples containing ∼1% 3He@C60 or 4He@C60. Resolving 3He@C60− and 4He@C60− from C60 containing 3 or 4 13C instead of 12C atoms is technically challenging, because the target species are present in low relative abundance and are very close in mass. Nevertheless, we achieve baseline resolution of 3He@C60− from 13C312C57− and 4He@C60− from 13C412C56− in single-scan mass spectra obtained in broadband mode without preisolation of the ions of interest. The results constitute the first direct mass spectrometric observation of endohedral helium in a fullerene sample at this (low) level of incorporation. The results also demonstrate the feasibility of determining the extent of He incorporation from the FT-ICR mass spectral peak heights. The present measurements are in agreement with those obtained by the pyrolysis method . Although limited in sensitivity, the mass spectral method is faster and easier than pyrolysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 7920520; Cooper, Helen J. 1 Hendrickson, Christopher L. 1 Marshall, Alan G. 1; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu Cross Jr., R.James 2 Saunders, Martin 2; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 13 Issue 11, p1349; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Puzder, Aaron
AU  - Williamson, A.J.
AU  - Grossman, Jeffrey C.
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - Passivation effects of silicon nanoclusters
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
SN  - 09215107
AB  - We employ density functional and quantum Monte Carlo calculations to show that significant changes occur in the gap of fully hydrogenated nanoclusters when the surface contains impurity passivants such as atomic oxygen. Our results show that quantum confinement is only one mechanism responsible for visible photoluminescence (PL) in silicon nanoclusters and that the specific surface chemistry must be taken into account in order to interpret experimental results. In the case of oxygen, the gap reduction computed as a function of the nanocluster size provides a consistent interpretation of several recent experiments. Furthermore, we predict that other double bonded groups also significantly affect the optical gap, while single bonded groups have a minimal influence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - Impurity passivants
KW  - Photoluminescence
KW  - Silicon nanoclusters
N1  - Accession Number: 7896129; Puzder, Aaron; Email Address: puzder1@llnl.gov Williamson, A.J. 1 Grossman, Jeffrey C. 1 Galli, Giulia 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p80; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impurity passivants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon nanoclusters; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pizzagalli, L.
AU  - G.
AU  - Galli
T1  - Surface reconstruction effects on atomic properties of semiconducting nanoparticles
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
SN  - 09215107
AB  - We have performed first-principles and empirical molecular dynamics calculations of the effect of size and surface reconstruction on the atomic structure properties of small Ge nanoparticles (1–2.5 nm). Systems with ideal H-passivated surfaces, or bare reconstructed surfaces have been considered. We show that the surface reconstruction leads to a very strong volume contraction of the nanoparticles, equivalent to an applied pressure of 4 GPa for a 2 nm nanoparticle. We also found that the surface reconstruction shifts significantly the optic mode peak of the vibrational spectrum, thus preventing a straightforward size determination from Raman spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Clusters
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Quantum effects
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 7896131; Pizzagalli, L. 1; Email Address: laurent.pizzagalli@univ-poitiers.fr G. Galli 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Métallurgie Physique, SP2MI, BP 30179, F-86962 Futuroscope Chasseneuil cedex, France  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-415 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p86; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Boyd R.
AU  - Fox, Glenn A.
AU  - Hope-Weeks, Lousia J.
AU  - Maxwell, Robert S.
AU  - Kauzlarich, Susan M.
AU  - Lee, Howard W.H.
T1  - Solution preparation of Ge nanoparticles with chemically tailored surfaces
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 90
SN  - 09215107
KW  - Alkyllithium reagents
KW  - Ge nanoparticles
KW  - Zintl salts
N1  - Accession Number: 7896132; Taylor, Boyd R. 1; Email Address: taylor67@llnl.gov Fox, Glenn A. 1 Hope-Weeks, Lousia J. 1 Maxwell, Robert S. 2 Kauzlarich, Susan M. 3 Lee, Howard W.H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Chemistry Department, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: UltraPhotonics Inc., 48611 Warm Springs Blvd. Fremont, CA 94536, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p90; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkyllithium reagents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ge nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zintl salts; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Catellani, Alessandra
AU  - Pizzagalli, Laurent
AU  - Galli, Giuali
T1  - Si and H adsorption on the silicon terminated β-SiC(001) surface: an ab initio study
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
SN  - 09215107
AB  - We review some recent results on the stoichiometric silicon terminated SiC(001) surface: in particular, we discuss the effect of strain on the clean surface, and the subsequent adsorption of Si and H atoms, by means of first principles molecular dynamics simulations. The structural modifications induced by hydrogenation on the stable reconstruction for the clean SiC surface compare fairly well with recent experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Hydrogen atom
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 7896139; Catellani, Alessandra 1; Email Address: catellani@maspec.bo.cnr.it Pizzagalli, Laurent 2 Galli, Giuali 3; Affiliation:  1: CNR-MASPEC, Parco Area delle Scienze, 37a, 43010 Parma, Italy  2: Laboratoire de Métallurgie Physique, SP2MI, BP 30179, F-86962 Futuroscope Chasseneuil cedex, France  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p132; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen atom; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Consorte, C.D.
AU  - Fong, C.Y.
AU  - Watson, M.D.
AU  - Yang, L.H.
AU  - Ciraci, S.
T1  - Model study of a surfactant on the GaAs (100) surface
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 09215107
AB  - Based on the facts that: (a) the transverse acoustic vibrational branch frequency is softened at the Brillouin zone boundaries of crystalline GaAs; (b) at the surface, the Ga&z.sbnd;As bond is stronger than Ga&z.sbnd;Te bond; and (c) the requirement that the final bond orientation of the Te surfactant should be rotated by 90° with respect to its initial orientation, we carried out a model study of an exchange process in epitaxial growth of GaAs (100). Even with very restrictive conditions imposed on the atomic movements, this study explains why Te is an effective surfactant for this type of growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - Atoms
KW  - GaAs (100) surface
KW  - Monolayers
N1  - Accession Number: 7896141; Consorte, C.D. 1 Fong, C.Y. 1; Email Address: fong@physics.ucdavis.edu Watson, M.D. 1 Yang, L.H. 2 Ciraci, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8677, USA  2: H-Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Bilkent, Turkey; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p141; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs (100) surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monolayers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Federman, Silvina
AU  - Miller, Lisa M.
AU  - Sagi, Irit
T1  - Following matrix metalloproteinases activity near the cell boundary by infrared micro-spectroscopy
JO  - Matrix Biology
JF  - Matrix Biology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
SN  - 0945053X
AB  - Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are cell-secreted soluble and membrane-tethered enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. These proteases play a key role in diverse physiological and pathological processes, including embryonic development, wound repair, inflammatory diseases and cancer. Yet, there is insufficient knowledge on the mode by which cell-produced MMPs conduct their action on the ECM. Specifically, the localization and the mode of the degradation within the pericellular space are of great interest. To provide new insights to these questions we utilized Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) micro-spectroscopy to follow proteolytic processes, induced by invasive cancer cells, on insoluble collagen-based matrices. Here we show that FTIR micro-spectroscopy have a great potential for monitoring degradation events near cells. Using this tool we demonstrate that the net proteolysis is unevenly distributed around the cell boundary. The degradation patterns show different levels of proteolytic activity by MMPs within the pericellular space. In addition, our spectral analysis suggests that the enzymatic proteolysis of the collagen-based matrices induces unwinding of the triple helical structures of the macromolecules within the collagen network. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Matrix Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix
KW  - METALLOPROTEINASES
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - Extracellular matrix
KW  - Imaging
KW  - Infrared micro-spectroscopy
KW  - Matrix metalloproteinases
KW  - Pericellular
N1  - Accession Number: 8624271; Federman, Silvina 1 Miller, Lisa M. 2 Sagi, Irit 1; Email Address: irit.sagi@weizmann.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Department of Structural Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Bldg 725D, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 21 Issue 7, p567; Subject Term: EXTRACELLULAR matrix; Subject Term: METALLOPROTEINASES; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extracellular matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared micro-spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix metalloproteinases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pericellular; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deady, J. H.
AU  - Boyce, P. J.
AU  - Phillipps, S.
AU  - Drinkwater, M. J.
AU  - Karick, A.
AU  - Jones, J. B.
AU  - Gregg, M. D.
AU  - Smith, R. M.
T1  - The Fornax Cluster Spectroscopic Survey: a sample of confirmed cluster dwarfs.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2002/11//11/1/2002
VL  - 336
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 851
EP  - 866
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - The Fornax Cluster Spectroscopic Survey (FCSS) project utilizes the Two-degree Field (2dF) multi-object spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT). Its aim is to obtain spectra for a complete sample of all 14 000 objects with 16.5 ≤ b[sub j] ≤ 19.7 irrespective of their morphology in a 12 deg² area centred on the Fornax cluster. A sample of 24 Fornax cluster members has been identified from the first 2dF field (3.1 deg² in area) to be completed. This is the first complete sample of cluster objects of known distance with well-defined selection limits. Nineteen of the galaxies (with -15.8 < M[sub B] < - 12.7) appear to be conventional dwarf elliptical (dE) or dwarf SO (dSO) galaxies. The other five objects (with - 13.6 < M[sub B] < - 11.3) are those galaxies which were described recently by Drinkwater et al. and labelled 'ultracompact dwarfs' (UCDs). A major result is that the conventional dwarfs all have scale sizes α ... 3 arcsec (...300 pc). This apparent minimum scale size implies an equivalent minimum luminosity for a dwarf of a given surface brightness. This produces a limit on their distribution in the magnitude-surface brightness plane, such that we do not observe des with high surface brightnesses but faint absolute magnitudes. Above this observed minimum scale size of 3 arcsec, the des and dS0s fill the whole area of the magnitude-surface brightness plane sampled by our selection limits. The observed correlation between magnitude and surface brightness noted by several recent studies of brighter galaxies is not seen with our fainter cluster sample. A comparison of our results with the Fornax Cluster Catalog (FCC) of Ferguson illustrates that attempts to determine cluster membership solely on the basis of observed morphology can produce significant errors. The FCC identified 17 of the 24 FCSS sample (i.e. 71 per cent) as being 'cluster' members, in particular missing all five of the UCDs. The FCC also suffers from... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DWARF stars
KW  - STAR clusters
KW  - galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax
KW  - galaxies: luminosity function, mass function
KW  - galaxies: statistics
KW  - surveys
KW  - techniques: spectroscopic
N1  - Accession Number: 7676259; Deady, J. H. 1 Boyce, P. J. 1 Phillipps, S. 1 Drinkwater, M. J. 2 Karick, A. 2 Jones, J. B. 3 Gregg, M. D. 4,5 Smith, R. M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Astrophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL  2: School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia  3: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD  4: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  5: Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-413 Livermore, CA 94550, USA  6: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Wales Cardiff, PO Box 913, Cardiff CF24 3YB; Source Info: 11/1/2002, Vol. 336 Issue 3, p851; Subject Term: DWARF stars; Subject Term: STAR clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: luminosity function, mass function; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: surveys; Author-Supplied Keyword: techniques: spectroscopic; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05816.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Linda
AU  - Ernst, Thomas
AU  - Witt, Mallory D.
AU  - Ames, Nina
AU  - Gaiefsky, Megan
AU  - Miller, Eric
T1  - Relationships among Brain Metabolites, Cognitive Function, and Viral Loads in Antiretroviral-Naı¨ve HIV Patients
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1638
SN  - 10538119
AB  - This study aims to determine the relationship among cerebral metabolite concentrations (on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy or 1H MRS), cognitive function, and clinical variables (CD4, plasma and CSF viral loads, and lipids) in antiretroviral medication-naı¨ve HIV patients. We hypothesized that the probable glial markers myo-inositol [MI] and choline compounds [CHO] would correlate with cognitive function, CD4 count, and viral loads, but not with serum lipids. Forty-five antiretroviral-drug-naı¨ve HIV patients and 25 control subjects were evaluated. Frontal lobe [MI], [CHO], and total creatine [CR] were elevated, while basal ganglia [CR] were decreased, with increasing dementia severity. As a group, HIV patients showed slowing on fine motor (Grooved Pegboard) and psychomotor function (Trails A & B), and deficits on executive function (Stroop tasks). Lower CD4 counts and elevated plasma viral loads were associated with elevated frontal white matter [MI], which in turn correlated with the Stroop tasks. These findings suggest that systemic factors (resulting from suppressed immune function and higher plasma viral load) may lead to glial proliferation (elevated [MI], [CHO], and [CR]) in the frontal white matter, which in turn may contribute to deficits on executive function in HIV. Studying antiretroviral-naı¨ve patients minimized the confounding effects of antiretroviral treatment on the clinical, MRS, and neuropsychological variables, and allowed for a more accurate assessment of the relationships among these measurements. Metabolite concentrations, rather than metabolite ratios, should be measured since [CR], a commonly used reference for metabolite ratios, varies with disease severity in both frontal lobe and basal ganglia. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIDS patients
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - COGNITION
KW  - brain
KW  - HIV
KW  - magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - MRS
KW  - neuropsychological tests
N1  - Accession Number: 8520311; Chang, Linda 1 Ernst, Thomas 1 Witt, Mallory D. Ames, Nina Gaiefsky, Megan 1 Miller, Eric; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p1638; Subject Term: AIDS patients; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: COGNITION; Author-Supplied Keyword: brain; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRS; Author-Supplied Keyword: neuropsychological tests; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/nimg.2002.1254
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lombi, Enzo
AU  - Zhao, Fang-Jie
AU  - Fuhrmann, Mark
AU  - Ma, Lena Q.
AU  - McGrath, Steve P.
T1  - Arsenic distribution and speciation in the fronds of the hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 156
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
EP  - 203
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • Pteris vittata is the first plant reported to be a hyperaccumulator of arsenic (As), and little is known about the mechanisms of As hyperaccumulation in this plant. • Arsenic distribution at the whole plant (fronds) and cellular level was investigated using chemical analyses and energy dispersive X-ray microanalyses (EDXA). Speciation of As in the fronds was determined using X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) analyses. • The majority of As was found in the pinnae (96% of total As). The concentration of As in pinnae decreased from the base to the apex of the fronds. Arsenic concentrations in spores and midribs were much lower than in the pinnae. EDXA analyses revealed that As was compartmentalized mainly in the upper and lower epidermal cells, probably in the vacuoles. The distribution pattern of potassium was similar to As, whereas other elements (Ca, Cl, K, Mg, P and S) were distributed differently. • XANES analyses showed that approximately 75% of the As in fronds was present in the As(III) oxidation state and the remaining as As(V). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PTERIS
KW  - ARSENIC
KW  - HYPERACCUMULATOR plants
KW  - arsenic
KW  - compartmentation
KW  - hyperaccumulation
KW  - Pteris vittata
KW  - speciation
N1  - Accession Number: 7571824; Lombi, Enzo 1 Zhao, Fang-Jie 1 Fuhrmann, Mark 2 Ma, Lena Q. 3 McGrath, Steve P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Agriculture and the Environment Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK;  2: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 830, N. Railroad St., Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA;  3: Department of Soil and Water Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 156 Issue 2, p195; Subject Term: PTERIS; Subject Term: ARSENIC; Subject Term: HYPERACCUMULATOR plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: arsenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: compartmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperaccumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pteris vittata; Author-Supplied Keyword: speciation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00512.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kodama, K.
AU  - Saoulidou, N.
AU  - Tzanakos, G.
AU  - Baller, B.
AU  - Lundberg, B.
AU  - Rameika, R.
AU  - Song, J.S.
AU  - Yoon, C.S.
AU  - Chung, S.H.
AU  - Aoki, S.
AU  - Hara, T.
AU  - Erickson, C.
AU  - Heller, K.
AU  - Schwienhorst, R.
AU  - Sielaff, J.
AU  - Trammell, J.
AU  - Hoshino, K.
AU  - Jiko, H.
AU  - Kawada, J.
AU  - Kawai, T.
T1  - Detection and analysis of tau–neutrino interactions in DONUT emulsion target
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 493
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The DONUT experiment used an emulsion/counter-hybrid-detector, which succeeded in detecting tau–neutrino charged-current interactions. A new method of emulsion analysis, NETSCAN, was used to locate neutrino events and detect tau decays. It is based on a fully automated emulsion readout system (Ultra Track Selector) developed at Nagoya University.The achieved plate-to-plate alignment accuracy of <f>∼0.2 μm</f> over an area of <f>2.6 mm×2.6 mm</f> permitted an efficient and systematic tau decay search using emulsion data. Moreover, this accuracy allowed measurement of particle momenta by multiple Coulomb scattering, and contributed to the efficient background rejection for the <f>ντ</f> candidates. This paper describes details of our emulsion analysis methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NUCLEAR emulsions
KW  - Automatic scanning
KW  - NETSCAN
KW  - Nuclear emulsion
KW  - Tau neutrino
N1  - Accession Number: 7906579; Kodama, K. 1 Saoulidou, N. 2 Tzanakos, G. 2 Baller, B. 3 Lundberg, B. 3 Rameika, R. 3 Song, J.S. 4 Yoon, C.S. 4 Chung, S.H. 4 Aoki, S. 5 Hara, T. 5 Erickson, C. 6 Heller, K. 6 Schwienhorst, R. 6 Sielaff, J. 6 Trammell, J. 6 Hoshino, K. 7 Jiko, H. 7 Kawada, J. 7 Kawai, T. 7; Affiliation:  1: Aichi University of Education, Kariya, Japan  2: University of Athens, Greece  3: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  4: Gyeongsang University, Chinju, South Korea  5: Kobe University, Kobe, Japan  6: University of Minnesota, MN, USA  7: Department of Physics, F-Lab, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 493 Issue 1/2, p45; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR emulsions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automatic scanning; Author-Supplied Keyword: NETSCAN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear emulsion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tau neutrino; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ligeti, Zoltan
AU  - Nir, Yosef
T1  - New physics and future B factories
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 111
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Further experimental and theoretical studies of the physics of flavor and CP violation are well motivated. Within the supersymmetric framework, higher precision measurements will allow to explore classes of models with stronger degree of universality: first, models with no universality, such as alignment or heavy first two squark generations; second, models with approximate universality, such as dilaton dominance or AMSB; and finally models of exact universality, such as GMSB. A broad program, including various rare processes or CP asymmetries in B, D and K decays, will provide detailed information about viable extensions of the Standard Model. Some highlights of future B-physics experiments (the present B-factories with integrated luminosity of 0.5 ab−1, hadron machines, and future high-luminosity B-factories) are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MESON factories
N1  - Accession Number: 8577223; Ligeti, Zoltan 1 Nir, Yosef 2; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100, Israel; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 111 Issue 1-3, p82; Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MESON factories; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murayama, Hitoshi
T1  - GUT, neutrinos, and baryogenesis
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 111
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
SN  - 09205632
AB  - It is an exciting time for flavor physics. In this talk, I discuss recent topics in baryogenesis and leptogenesis in light of new data, and implications in B and neutrino physics. I also discuss current situation of grand unified theories concerning coupling unification, proton decay, and indirect consequences in lepton flavor violation and B physics. I explain attempts to understand the origin of flavor based on flavor symmetry, in particular “anarchy” in neutrinos. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 8577231; Murayama, Hitoshi 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 111 Issue 1-3, p136; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Debevec, P.T.
AU  - Brown, H.N.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Carey, R.M.
AU  - Cushman, P.
AU  - Danby, G.T.
AU  - Deile, M.
AU  - Deng, H.
AU  - Dhawan, S.K.
AU  - Deninger, W.
AU  - Druzhinin, V.P.
AU  - Duong, L.
AU  - Efstathiadis, E.
AU  - Farley, F.J.M.
AU  - Fedotovich, G.V.
AU  - Giron, S.
AU  - Gray, F.E.
AU  - Grigoriev, D.
AU  - Grosse-Perdekamp, M.
AU  - Grossman, A.
T1  - Recent results from the BNL g — 2 experiment
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 111
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The status of the muon g — 2 experiment at the AGS facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory is discussed. Data obtained in 1999 with positive muons has been analyzed and published. The final data set contained 0.95 × 109 events and had an accuracy of 1.3ppm. Approximately four times more data with positive muons and three times more data with negative muons were obtained in 2000 and 2001, respectively. These data were obtained with a more uniform magnetic field and with different storage ring tunes. An accuracy of the order of 0.5ppm is anticipated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - NUCLEAR research
N1  - Accession Number: 8577241; Debevec, P.T. 1 Brown, H.N. 2 Bunce, G. 2 Carey, R.M. 3 Cushman, P. 4 Danby, G.T. 2 Deile, M. 5 Deng, H. 5 Dhawan, S.K. 5 Deninger, W. 1 Druzhinin, V.P. 6 Duong, L. 4 Efstathiadis, E. 3 Farley, F.J.M. 5 Fedotovich, G.V. 6 Giron, S. 4 Gray, F.E. 1 Grigoriev, D. 6 Grosse-Perdekamp, M. 5 Grossman, A. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  4: Deparment of Physics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  5: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  6: Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia  7: Physikalisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 111 Issue 1-3, p200; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yee Bob Hsiung
T1  - Recent results of Kaon decays and future plans at Fermilab
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 111
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We review the current kaon experimental results and status at Fermilab. Those includes recent direct CP violation results, ∊′/∊, and selected rare decay results from KTeV, as well as a new K± rare decay result from HyperCP. Status of a newly approved charged kaon experiment, CKM, and the future plans at Fermilab are also reviewed here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KAONS
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DECAY
N1  - Accession Number: 8577245; Yee Bob Hsiung 1; Affiliation:  1: MS122, Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 111 Issue 1-3, p225; Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DECAY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kettell, S.H.
T1  - Kaon physics at BNL
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 111
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 232
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The rare kaon decay program at BNL is summarized. A brief review of recent results is provided along with a discussion of prospects for the future of this program. The primary focus is the two golden modes: K+ → π+ν<F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">ν</OVL></F> and K°L → π°ν<F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">ν</OVL></F>. The first step in an ambitious program to precisely measure both branching ratios has been successfully completed with the observation of two K+ → π+ν<F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">ν</OVL></F> events by E787. The E949 experiment is poised to reach an order of magnitude further in sensitivity and to observe ∼10 Standard Model events. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KAONS
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DECAY
N1  - Accession Number: 8577246; Kettell, S.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 111 Issue 1-3, p232; Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DECAY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phuoc, Tran X.
AU  - White, C.M.
AU  - McNeill, D.H.
T1  - Laser spark ignition of a jet diffusion flame
JO  - Optics & Lasers in Engineering
JF  - Optics & Lasers in Engineering
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 01438166
AB  - In this work we report preliminary results on the laser ignition of a jet diffusion flame with jet flow rates ranging from 35 (<f>Re</f>=1086) to 103 cm3/s (<f>Re</f>=3197). The laser spark energy of about 4 mJ was used for all the tests. The relative amounts of fuel and air concentrations at the laser focus have been estimated using a variant of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The ignition and the flame blow out times were measured using the time-resolved OH emission. Ignition times in the range from 3 to about 10 ms were observed depending on the experimental conditions and they increased towards the rich as well as the lean sides. The early time and late-time OH emissions indicate that chemical reactions during the initial stage of the blast wave expansion are not immediately responsible for the ignition. The ultimate fate of an ignition depends on the reactions at later times which determines whether the gas could undergo a transition from hot plasma to a propagating flame. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics & Lasers in Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - LASER spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7854846; Phuoc, Tran X.; Email Address: tran@netl.doe.gov White, C.M. 1 McNeill, D.H.; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, MS 84-340, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p217; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: LASER spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naulleau, Patrick P.
AU  - Batson, Phil
AU  - Denham, Paul
AU  - Richardson, David
AU  - Underwood, James
T1  - An in situ scanning-slit alignment system for Kirkpatrick–Baez optics
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 212
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 00304018
AB  - A crucial component to many synchrotron beamlines is the Kirkpatrick–Baez system typically used to condense the synchrotron source to a small illumination spot. The performance of this compound optic often dictates the performance of the entire experimental system. Here, we present the design of a Kirkpatrick–Baez system including numerous in situ alignment controls and an in situ slope-measuring feedback system. Implementation of the system on an extreme ultraviolet undulator beamline is described along with experimental results demonstrating alignment to near diffraction-limited performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - Extreme ultraviolet
KW  - Kirkpatrick–Baez
KW  - Metrology
KW  - Synchrotron
KW  - System alignment
N1  - Accession Number: 7896845; Naulleau, Patrick P.; Email Address: PNaulleau@lbl.gov Batson, Phil 1 Denham, Paul 1 Richardson, David 1 Underwood, James 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 212 Issue 4-6, p225; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extreme ultraviolet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kirkpatrick–Baez; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Author-Supplied Keyword: System alignment; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cartwright, Julyan H.E.
AU  - Piro, Oreste
AU  - Villacampa, Ana I.
T1  - Pattern formation in solutal convection: vermiculated rolls and isolated cells
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 314
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 03784371
AB  - Observations of the peculiar behaviour of a drink of liqueur topped with cream led us to perform experiments showing that the instability is a convection phenomenon that arises through destabilizing surface-tension forces. The convection is solutal: driven by gradients of concentration of a solute, rather than by heat gradients as in the more commonly studied thermal convection. The convective patterns, vermiculated rolls and isolated cells, are quite unlike the usual planforms. They are associated with an elastic surface film, and the Marangoni number is high, characteristic of solutal convection. We have conducted further experiments that reproduce these patterns in simpler working fluids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATTERN formation (Physical sciences)
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - Isolated cells
KW  - Pattern formation
KW  - Solutal convection
KW  - Tia Maria instability
KW  - Vermiculated rolls
N1  - Accession Number: 8576806; Cartwright, Julyan H.E. 1; Email Address: julyan@lec.ugr.es Piro, Oreste 2; Email Address: piro@imedea.uib.es Villacampa, Ana I. 3; Email Address: anaivdt@ocf.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalográficos, CSIC, E-18071 Granada, Spain  2: Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, CSIC–UIB, E-07071 Palma de Mallorca, Spain  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 314 Issue 1-4, p291; Subject Term: PATTERN formation (Physical sciences); Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isolated cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pattern formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solutal convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tia Maria instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vermiculated rolls; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muzzy, L.E.
AU  - Avdeev, M.
AU  - Lawes, G.
AU  - Haas, M.K.
AU  - Zandbergen, H.W.
AU  - Ramirez, A.P.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Cava, R.J.
T1  - Structure and superconductivity in Zr-stabilized, nonstoichiometric molybdenum diboride
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 382
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The structure and physical properties of the Zr-stabilized, nonstoichiometric molybdenum diboride superconductor are reported. Good quality material of the diboride structure type can only be obtained by partial substitution of Zr for Mo, and quenching of melts. The diboride phase is best made with boron in excess of the ideal 2:1 boron to metal ratio. Powder neutron diffraction measurements show that the nonstoichiometry is accommodated by atom deficiency in the metal layers. The diboride structure type exists for <f>(Mo0.96Zr0.04)xB2</f> for <f>1.0&ges;x&ges;0.85</f>. Electron diffraction shows that the stoichiometric material, <f>x=1</f>, has a significant number of stacking faults. <f>Tc</f> increases from 5.9 to 8.2 K with the introduction of metal vacancies. Resistivity measurements indicate that <f>(Mo0.96Zr0.04)0.88B2</f> is a bad metal, and specific heat measurements show its electronic density of states (DOS) is <f>γ=4.4</f> mJ/mol K2, and that <f>ΔC/γTc=1.19</f>. Preliminary boron isotope effect measurements indicate an exponent <f>α=0.11±0.05</f>. Analysis of the data in terms of the electronic structure is reported, allowing an estimate of the electron–phonon coupling constant, <f>λ&ap;0.1</f>–0.3, making these weak-coupling superconductors. Preliminary characterizations of the superconductivity in the related phases <f>NbxB2</f> and <f>(Mo0.96X0.04)0.85B2</f> for <f>X=Ti</f> and Hf are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM compounds
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Intermetallic superconductor
KW  - Isotope effect
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Specific heat
N1  - Accession Number: 7906754; Muzzy, L.E. 1 Avdeev, M. 2 Lawes, G. 3 Haas, M.K. 1 Zandbergen, H.W. 1,4 Ramirez, A.P. 3 Jorgensen, J.D. 2 Cava, R.J. 1; Email Address: rcava@princeton.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Laboratory of Materials Science, National Centre for HREM, Delft University of Technology, Rotterdamseweg 137, 2628 AL Delft, The Netherlands; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 382 Issue 2/3, p153; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM compounds; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Zheng, H.
AU  - Short, S.
T1  - Synthesis and stoichiometry of MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 382
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The system Mg<f>x</f>B2 has been studied to investigate possible nonstoichiometry in MgB2. When synthesized at 850 °C, MgB2 is a line compound with a possible Mg vacancy content of about 1%. Small changes in lattice constants as a function of starting composition result from grain-interaction stresses, whose character is different in the Mg-rich, near-stoichiometric, and Mg-deficient regimes. A small linear decrease of the superconducting transition temperature, <f>Tc</f>, in the Mg-rich regime results from accidental impurity doping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Stoichiometry
KW  - Synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 7906755; Hinks, D.G.; Email Address: hinks@anl.gov Jorgensen, J.D. 1 Zheng, H. 1 Short, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 223 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 382 Issue 2/3, p166; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stoichiometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ribeiro, R.A.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Petrovic, C.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Effects of stoichiometry, purity, etching and distilling on resistance of MgB2 pellets and wire segments
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 382
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present a study of the effects of non-stoichiometry, boron purity, wire diameter and post-synthesis treatment (etching and Mg distilling) on the temperature dependent resistance and resistivity of sintered MgB2 pellets and wire segments. Whereas the residual resistivity ratio (RRR) varies between <f>RRR&ap;4</f> to <f>RRR&ges;20</f> for different boron purity, it is only moderately affected by non-stoichiometry (from 20% Mg deficiency to 20% Mg excess) and is apparently independent of wire diameter and presence of Mg metal traces on the wire surface. The obtained set of data indicates that RRR values in excess of 20 and residual resistivities as low as <f>ρ0&ap;0.4 μΩ</f> cm are intrinsic material properties of high purity MgB2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - ETCHING
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Stoichiometry
KW  - Transport properties
N1  - Accession Number: 7906758; Ribeiro, R.A.; Email Address: ribeiro@ameslab.gov Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Petrovic, C. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 382 Issue 2/3, p194; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: ETCHING; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stoichiometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Feenstra, R.
AU  - Paranthaman, M.
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Kang, B.Y.
AU  - Cantoni, C.
AU  - Lee, D.F.
AU  - List, F.A.
AU  - Martin, P.M.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, E.
AU  - Stevens, C.
AU  - Kroeger, D.M.
AU  - Kowalewski, M.
AU  - Specht, E.D.
AU  - Aytug, T.
AU  - Sathyamurthy, S.
AU  - Williams, R.K.
AU  - Ericson, R.E.
T1  - Strengthened, biaxially textured Ni substrate with small alloying additions for coated conductor applications
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 382
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Fabrication of a biaxially textured, strengthened Ni substrate with small alloying additions of W and Fe is reported. The substrates have significantly improved mechanical properties compared to 99.99% Ni and surface characteristics which are similar to that of 99.99% Ni substrates. High quality oxide buffer layers can be deposited on these substrates without the need for any additional surface modification steps. Grain boundary misorientation distributions obtained from the substrate show a predominant fraction of low-angle grain boundaries. A high critical current density, <f>Jc</f>, of 1.9 MA/cm<f>2</f> at 77 K, self-field is demonstrated on this substrate using a multilayer configuration of YBCO/<f>CeO2</f>/YSZ/<f>Y2O3</f>/ Ni–3at.%W–1.7at.%Fe. This translates to a <f>Ic</f>/width of 59 A/cm at 77 K and self-field. <f>Jc</f> at 0.5 T is reduced by only 21% indicating strongly-linked grain boundaries in the YBCO film on this substrate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - SOLID freeform fabrication
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - CRITICAL currents
N1  - Accession Number: 7906769; Goyal, A.; Email Address: goyala@ornl.gov Feenstra, R. 1 Paranthaman, M. 1 Thompson, J.R. 1 Kang, B.Y. 1 Cantoni, C. 1 Lee, D.F. 1 List, F.A. 1 Martin, P.M. 1 Lara-Curzio, E. 1 Stevens, C. 1 Kroeger, D.M. 1 Kowalewski, M. 1 Specht, E.D. 1 Aytug, T. 1 Sathyamurthy, S. 1 Williams, R.K. 1 Ericson, R.E.; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6116, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 382 Issue 2/3, p251; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: SOLID freeform fabrication; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Specht, E.D.
AU  - List, F.A.
AU  - Lee, D.F.
AU  - More, K.L.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Robbins, W.B.
AU  - O’Neill, D.
T1  - Uniform texture in meter-long YBa2Cu3O7 tape
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 382
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 342
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A reel-to-reel tape handler mounted on a four-circle diffractometer is used to provide a characterization by X-ray diffraction of the entire 1 m length of a YBa2Cu3O7/CeO2/YxZr<f>1−x</f>O2/CeO2/Pd/Ni (YBCO/CeO2/YSZ/CeO2/Pd/Ni) tape. Cube-textured Ni was formed by rolling and annealing; epitaxial CeO2/YSZ/CeO2/Pd buffer layers were deposited by reactive sputtering; YBCO was converted ex situ from Y, BaF2, and Cu codeposited by e-beam evaporation. Rocking curve FWHM (<f>mean±standard</f> deviation) for 95 segments of 1 cm length are: <f>YBCO(0 0 5)=6.2±0.5°</f>, <f>YSZ(0 0 2)=10.4±0.4°</f>, and <f>Ni(0 0 2)=7.6±0.3°</f>. <f>φ</f> scan FWHM are: <f>YBCO(1 1 3)=9.6±0.4°</f>, <f>YSZ(1 1 1)=13.0±0.4°</f>, and <f>Ni(1 1 1)=10.6±0.4°</f>. Greater than 95% of the tape at each point is cube textured from Ni to YBCO. The critical current density <f>Jc</f> is <f>0.36±0.04</f> MA/cm2 at 77 K and is inversely correlated with the rocking curve FWHM. Calculations suggest that <f>Jc</f> might be increased by a factor of 2.1 by producing a sharper texture and that the uniformity of the texture will support scaling to kilometer lengths. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - Coated conductor
KW  - Long length
KW  - RABiTS
KW  - Texture
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 7906787; Specht, E.D. 1; Email Address: spechted@ornl.gov List, F.A. 1 Lee, D.F. 1 More, K.L. 1 Goyal, A. 1 Robbins, W.B. 2 O’Neill, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6118, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6118, USA  2: 3M Company, St. Paul, Minnesota 55144-1000, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 382 Issue 2/3, p342; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long length; Author-Supplied Keyword: RABiTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyczkowski, Robert W.
AU  - Bouillard, Jacques X.
T1  - State-of-the-art review of erosion modeling in fluid/solids systems
JO  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
JF  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
SN  - 03601285
AB  - Erosion in fluidized-bed combustors, commercial process units used to burn coal cleanly, has surfaced as a serious issue that may have adverse economic effects. The evidence suggests that the key to understanding this erosion is detailed knowledge of the coupled and complex phenomena of solids circulation and bubble motion. The FLUFIX computer code has been developed for this purpose. Computed hydrodynamic results compare well with experimental data (including the bubble frequency and size and the time-averaged porosity and pressure distributions) taken in a thin ‘two-dimensional’ rectangular fluidized beds containing a rectangular obstacle and a few-tube approximation of the International Energy Agency Grimethorpe tube bank ‘C1’ configuration.Six representative erosion models selected from the literature, comprising both single-particle and fluidized-bed models are critiqued. A methodology is described whereby the computed hydrodynamic results can be used with such erosion models. Previous attempts (none involving fluidized beds) to couple fluid mechanics and erosion models are reviewed. The energy dissipation models are developed, and are shown to generalize the so-called power dissipation model used to analyze slurry jet pump erosion. It is demonstrated, by explicitly introducing the force of the particle on the eroding material surface, that impaction and abrasive erosion mechanisms are basically the same. In doing so, it has been possible to unify the entire erosion literature developed for over a century.Linkage is made to two previously developed single-particle erosion models: Finnie''s and Neilson and Gilchrist''s. The implementation methodology, which can be applied to any erosion model, be it single-particle or fluidized bed, is summarized. The monolayer energy dissipation (MED) erosion model is developed. The erosion rates computed from the EROSION code are compared with each other and for the cold few-tube approximation of the IEA Grimethorpe tube bank ‘C1’ fluidized-bed experiment, and with other available erosion data literature to validate the calculations. The simplified closed form MED (SCFMED) erosion models and erosion guidelines are developed using semi-empirical correlations in order to allow quick engineering estimates of erosion. Alternative methodologies to couple hydrodynamics and erosion using the kinetic theory of granular flow and discrete element method (DEM) models are briefly reviewed.Finally, a critical review of the integrated experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) pressurized fluidized-bed hydrodynamics and erosion research ongoing at Chalmers University is presented. This body of work has been influenced by the research at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) and reinforces the trends and conclusions reported in this review. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Energy & Combustion Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fluidized-bed combustion
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics
KW  - Discrete element method
KW  - Fluidized beds
KW  - Hydrodynamics
KW  - Kinetic theory
N1  - Accession Number: 8792319; Lyczkowski, Robert W. 1; Email Address: rlyczkowski@anl.gov; Bouillard, Jacques X. 2; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, Building 362, Room C348D, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; 2: INERIS, Parc Technolgique ALATA, BP2, 60550 Verneuil en Halate, France; Issue Info: Nov2002, Vol. 28 Issue 6, p543; Thesaurus Term: Fluidized-bed combustion; Thesaurus Term: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluidized beds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic theory; Number of Pages: 60p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyczkowski, Robert W.
AU  - Bouillard, Jacques X.
T1  - State-of-the-art review of erosion modeling in fluid/solids systems
JO  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
JF  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
SN  - 03601285
AB  - Erosion in fluidized-bed combustors, commercial process units used to burn coal cleanly, has surfaced as a serious issue that may have adverse economic effects. The evidence suggests that the key to understanding this erosion is detailed knowledge of the coupled and complex phenomena of solids circulation and bubble motion. The FLUFIX computer code has been developed for this purpose. Computed hydrodynamic results compare well with experimental data (including the bubble frequency and size and the time-averaged porosity and pressure distributions) taken in a thin ‘two-dimensional’ rectangular fluidized beds containing a rectangular obstacle and a few-tube approximation of the International Energy Agency Grimethorpe tube bank ‘C1’ configuration.Six representative erosion models selected from the literature, comprising both single-particle and fluidized-bed models are critiqued. A methodology is described whereby the computed hydrodynamic results can be used with such erosion models. Previous attempts (none involving fluidized beds) to couple fluid mechanics and erosion models are reviewed. The energy dissipation models are developed, and are shown to generalize the so-called power dissipation model used to analyze slurry jet pump erosion. It is demonstrated, by explicitly introducing the force of the particle on the eroding material surface, that impaction and abrasive erosion mechanisms are basically the same. In doing so, it has been possible to unify the entire erosion literature developed for over a century.Linkage is made to two previously developed single-particle erosion models: Finnie''s and Neilson and Gilchrist''s. The implementation methodology, which can be applied to any erosion model, be it single-particle or fluidized bed, is summarized. The monolayer energy dissipation (MED) erosion model is developed. The erosion rates computed from the EROSION code are compared with each other and for the cold few-tube approximation of the IEA Grimethorpe tube bank ‘C1’ fluidized-bed experiment, and with other available erosion data literature to validate the calculations. The simplified closed form MED (SCFMED) erosion models and erosion guidelines are developed using semi-empirical correlations in order to allow quick engineering estimates of erosion. Alternative methodologies to couple hydrodynamics and erosion using the kinetic theory of granular flow and discrete element method (DEM) models are briefly reviewed.Finally, a critical review of the integrated experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) pressurized fluidized-bed hydrodynamics and erosion research ongoing at Chalmers University is presented. This body of work has been influenced by the research at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) and reinforces the trends and conclusions reported in this review. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Energy & Combustion Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDIZED-bed combustion
KW  - EROSION
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics
KW  - Discrete element method
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Fluidized beds
KW  - Hydrodynamics
KW  - Kinetic theory
N1  - Accession Number: 8792319; Lyczkowski, Robert W. 1; Email Address: rlyczkowski@anl.gov Bouillard, Jacques X. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, Building 362, Room C348D, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA  2: INERIS, Parc Technolgique ALATA, BP2, 60550 Verneuil en Halate, France; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 28 Issue 6, p543; Subject Term: FLUIDIZED-bed combustion; Subject Term: EROSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluidized beds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic theory; Number of Pages: 60p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hardison, D. Ransom
AU  - Cooper, William J.
AU  - Mezyk, Stephen P.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
T1  - The free radical chemistry of tert-butyl formate: rate constants for hydroxyl radical, hydrated electron and hydrogen atom reaction in aqueous solution
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 65
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Transients generated in situ by advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) to destroy organic contaminants in ground and drinking water often give large concentrations of chemical by-products. These by-products may have adverse health effects, and can also interfere with the desired chemical removal by competing for the generated transients, thus lowering the overall efficiency of the remediation process. To allow for a quantitative evaluation of the influence of tert-butyl formate (TBF), a major by-product formed in the AOT destruction of methyl tert-butyl ether, rate constants for TBF reaction with the hydroxyl radical, the hydrated electron and the hydrogen atom in aqueous solution were measured in this study. Absolute values of (5.23±0.07)×108, (5.48±0.09)×108 and (3.58±0.07)×106 M−1 s−1, were determined at 22°C, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WASTE products
KW  - FREE radicals (Chemistry)
KW  - PULSE radiolysis
KW  - Advanced oxidation technology (AOT)
KW  - Aqueous electron pulse radiolysis
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - Methyl tert-butylether (MTBE)
KW  - Rate constraints
KW  - tert-butyl formate (TBF)
N1  - Accession Number: 7916531; Hardison, D. Ransom 1 Cooper, William J. 1 Mezyk, Stephen P. 2; Email Address: smezyk@csulb.edu Bartels, David M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University at Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 65 Issue 4/5, p309; Subject Term: WASTE products; Subject Term: FREE radicals (Chemistry); Subject Term: PULSE radiolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced oxidation technology (AOT); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous electron pulse radiolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methyl tert-butylether (MTBE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Rate constraints; Author-Supplied Keyword: tert-butyl formate (TBF); NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Heather D.
AU  - Cooper, William J.
AU  - Mezyk, Stephen P.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
T1  - Free radical reactions of monochloramine and hydroxylamine in aqueous solution
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 65
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - The use of Advanced Oxidation Technologies to destroy organic contaminants in drinking water may be impacted by the presence of disinfection chemicals such as monochloramine (NH2Cl). To allow a quantitative evaluation of the effect of NH2Cl on the destruction of organics in water rate constants for its reaction with the hydrated electron, the hydroxyl radical and the hydrogen atom were determined in this study. The corresponding values of (2.2±0.2)×1010, (2.8±0.2)×109, and (1.2±0.1)×109 M−1 s−1, respectively, were incorporated into a kinetic computer model whose predictions were in good agreement with experimental chloramine removal under large scale, steady-state electron-beam irradiation conditions. Rate constants were also determined for the reaction of the hydroxyl radical and hydrogen atom with the chloramine hydration product hydroxylamine to supplement established literature data. Hydroxyl radical rate constants for the basic (NH2OH) and acidic (NH3OH+) forms were determined as (8.5±0.4)×109 and &les;5×107 M−1 s−1, respectively, while for hydrogen atom reaction, corresponding rate constants of (4.5±0.1)×107 and (3.6±1.5)×105 M−1 s−1 were found. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLORAMINES
KW  - HYDROXYLAMINE
KW  - PULSE radiolysis
KW  - Advanced oxidation technology (AOT)
KW  - Aqueous electron pulse radiolysis
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - Hydroxylamine
KW  - Monochloramine
KW  - Rate constants
N1  - Accession Number: 7916532; Johnson, Heather D. 1 Cooper, William J. 1 Mezyk, Stephen P. 2; Email Address: smezyk@csulb.edu Bartels, David M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University at Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 90840 USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 65 Issue 4/5, p317; Subject Term: CHLORAMINES; Subject Term: HYDROXYLAMINE; Subject Term: PULSE radiolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced oxidation technology (AOT); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous electron pulse radiolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroxylamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monochloramine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rate constants; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Jason A.
AU  - Cooper, William J.
AU  - Mezyk, Stephen P.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
T1  - Absolute rate constants for the reaction of the hydrated electron, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen atom with chloroacetones in water
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 65
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Bimolecular rate constants for chloroacetone (CAce), 1,1-dichloroacetone (1,1-DCAce) and 1,1,1-trichloroacetone (1,1,1-TCAce) reaction with the aqueous electron (e−aq), the hydroxyl radical (⋅OH), and the hydrogen atom (⋅H) have been measured using electron pulse radiolysis in combination with transient absorption spectroscopy (e−aq, ⋅OH), and electron paramagnetic resonance detection (⋅H). The measured rate constants with each substrate, in M−1 s−1 for e−aq, ⋅OH and ⋅H reaction, are: CAce: (1.34±0.15) ×1010, (1.69±0.05) ×108, (2.63±0.07) ×107; 1,1-DCAce: (1.22±0.12) ×1010, (8.8±0.4) ×107, (2.9±0.3) ×107; and 1,1,1-TCAce: (1.56±0.17) ×1010, (3.3±0.1) ×107, (2.8±0.2) ×107, respectively. The trends observed in these rate constants are discussed in terms of the initial reaction mechanisms of the three reactive species with these chloroacetones. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETONE
KW  - WASTE products
KW  - PULSE radiolysis
KW  - Advanced oxidation technology (AOT)
KW  - Aqueous electron pulse radiolysis
KW  - Chloroacetones
KW  - Disinfection by products (DBP)
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - Rate constants
N1  - Accession Number: 7916534; Williams, Jason A. 1 Cooper, William J. 1 Mezyk, Stephen P. 2; Email Address: smezyk@csulb.edu Bartels, David M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University at Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 65 Issue 4/5, p327; Subject Term: ACETONE; Subject Term: WASTE products; Subject Term: PULSE radiolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced oxidation technology (AOT); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous electron pulse radiolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloroacetones; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disinfection by products (DBP); Author-Supplied Keyword: Free radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rate constants; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nickelsen, Michael G.
AU  - Cooper, William J.
AU  - Secker, David A.
AU  - Rosocha, Louis A.
AU  - Kurucz, Charles N.
AU  - Waite, Thomas D.
T1  - Kinetic modeling and simulation of PCE and TCE removal in aqueous solutions by electron-beam irradiation
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 65
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 579
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - The irradiation of aqueous solutions of TCE and PCE using a high-energy electron-beam results in the rapid decomposition of both chemicals. It is known that both TCE and PCE react with the aqueous electron and the hydroxyl radical with bimolecular rate constants greater than 109 M−1 s−1 for each reaction. The fact that high-energy electrons produce significant concentrations of both eaq− and ⋅OH radicals in water makes it an effective process for the removal of TCE and PCE from aqueous solution. We have employed steady state and computer-based chemical kinetic models to simulate and better understand the chemistry and kinetics of e-beam irradiation when applied to natural water systems. Model results were benchmarked to experimental data, allowing for the optimization of the reaction of DOC with the ⋅OH radical. Values for the associated second-order reaction rate constant were found to be 2.5×108 and 4.0×108 M−1 s−1, consistent with reported values for <f>kOH,DOC</f>. The models were also used to investigate the possibility of incomplete irradiation during treatment and the presence of proposed chemical reactions of by-products. The reactions involve radicals and radical-adduct species formed by the reaction of TCE and PCE with the hydroxyl radical. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRICHLOROETHYLENE
KW  - TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Electron beam
KW  - Steady state and computer-based kinetic modeling
KW  - Tetrachloroethylene
KW  - Trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 7916586; Nickelsen, Michael G. 1; Email Address: MGN@HaleyAldrich.com Cooper, William J. 1 Secker, David A. 2 Rosocha, Louis A. 2 Kurucz, Charles N. 3 Waite, Thomas D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group CST-18, MS E525, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Management Science and Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA  4: Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 65 Issue 4/5, p579; Subject Term: TRICHLOROETHYLENE; Subject Term: TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steady state and computer-based kinetic modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetrachloroethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trichloroethylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaibyshev, R.
AU  - Musin, F.
AU  - Gromov, D.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Lesuer, D.R.
T1  - Effect of liquid phase on superplastic behavior of a modified 6061 aluminum alloy
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 47
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 569
SN  - 13596462
AB  - It is shown that a 0.15%<f>Zr+0.7</f>%Cu––modified 6061 aluminum alloy with an initial grain size of about 11 <f>μ</f>m exhibits a maximum elongation-to-failure of 1300% at 590 °C and an initial strain rate of <f>2.8×10−4</f> s<f>−1</f> in a partially melted state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - SUPERPLASTICITY
KW  - Aluminium alloys
KW  - Differential thermal analysis
KW  - High temperature mechanical properties
KW  - Incipient melting
N1  - Accession Number: 7875778; Kaibyshev, R. 1; Email Address: rustam@anrb.ru Musin, F. 1 Gromov, D. 1 Nieh, T.G. 2 Lesuer, D.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems, Khalturina 39, Ufa 450001, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-342, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 47 Issue 9, p569; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: SUPERPLASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminium alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential thermal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Incipient melting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Jeffrey L.
AU  - Halvorson, Jonathan J.
AU  - Bolton Jr., Harvey
T1  - Soil properties and microbial activity across a 500 m elevation gradient in a semi-arid environment
JO  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
JF  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1749
AB  - If climate change causes the semi-arid shrub-steppe to become hotter and drier it may affect soil C and N cycling and precipitate changes in soil processes and microbial and plant community structure. This study was conducted, using an elevation gradient as an analog of climate change, to analyze climatic influence on soil microbial activity and soil properties. We collected soil from under cryptogamic crust and bunchgrass plants at 25 sites over a 500 m elevation transect in a shrub-steppe ecosystem located in eastern Washington State of the US. The samples were analyzed for several chemical and microbiological attributes including pH, microbial biomass and nitrification potential and the data grouped into five climate sites for statistical analysis. Soil pH decreased over the transect with higher pH values in the grass soil than the crust. In contrast soil electrical conductivity (EC) increased with increasing elevation as did both ammonium and nitrate. Ammonium and EC were greater in the crust soil than the grass soil but nitrate concentration was the same under both plant covers. Both total C and N amounts increased with elevation as did nitrification potential. Due to high sample spatial variability microbial biomass, respiration and N mineralization showed non-significant trends over the 500 m elevation transect. Using these measured gradient relationships the increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation that is expected in this shrub-steppe ecosystem over the next 100 years would eventually cause the pH to increase and the EC to decrease. Plants would become more sparse, nitrification potential would decrease and ammonium would increase. Total C, N and microbial biomass concentrations would begin decreasing and may shift the controlling factors of the ecosystem to abiotic factors. The changes in the cycling of N and to some extent C due to climate change could alter the microbial and plant community structure and function of this ecosystem and cause it to move in the direction of desertification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Biology & Biochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL microbiology
KW  - HUMUS
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Global change
KW  - Microbial activity
KW  - Soil nutrients
N1  - Accession Number: 8722538; Smith, Jeffrey L. 1; Email Address: jlsmith@mail.wsu.edu Halvorson, Jonathan J. 2 Bolton Jr., Harvey 3; Affiliation:  1: USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, 215 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164-6421, USA  2: USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 1224 Airport Road, Beaver, WV 25813-9423, USA  3: Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mailstop P7-50, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p1749; Subject Term: SOIL microbiology; Subject Term: HUMUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbial activity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil nutrients; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, Yin
AU  - Liu, Yao
AU  - Sampathkumaran, Uma
AU  - Hu, Michael Z.
AU  - Wang, Russell
AU  - De Guire, Mark R.
T1  - Particle growth and particle–surface interactions during low-temperature deposition of ceramic thin films
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 151
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
SN  - 01672738
AB  - The forces between substrates and ceramic particles in aqueous solution were measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The dependence of the measured forces on the pH and ionic strength of the solution are presented. The trends are consistent with expectations based on the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory.The kinetics of the nucleation and growth of tin oxide particles in aqueous solutions of tin(IV) chloride and hydrochloric acid were studied using dynamic laser scattering. The rate of formation of particles as a function of solution temperature, concentration, and pH agrees with thermodynamic calculations and with previous observations. Antimony-doped tin oxide films on SAM-coated glass have been found to be several orders of magnitude more conductive than identical coatings on bare glass.Apatite thin films have been deposited from simulated body fluid (SBF) on titanium metal. The porous topography of the metal, produced by prior etching in hydrochloric acid, was preserved in the deposited apatite films. The adhesion of these films to the substrate appears to have been greatly increased by the etching step, compared to films deposited on unetched titanium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDE ceramics
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8565651; Tang, Yin 1 Liu, Yao 1 Sampathkumaran, Uma 1; Email Address: usampathkumaran@optinetrics.com Hu, Michael Z. 2 Wang, Russell 3 De Guire, Mark R. 1; Email Address: mrd2@po.cwru.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-7204, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224, USA  3: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-4905, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 151 Issue 1-4, p69; Subject Term: OXIDE ceramics; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lanzirotti, Antonio
AU  - Miller, Lisa M.
T1  - Imaging and microspectroscopy at the national synchrotron light source.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 26
SN  - 08940886
AB  - The article focuses on the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) and its usage of synchrotron light for microspectroscopy and imaging research. It states that ther ange wavelengths at NSLA is broad and has X26A Microprobe Facility, which is the only high-energy X-ray microprobe. It also discusses the performance of computed x-ray microtomography, diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI), and microdiffraction imaging at NSLS.
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - DIGITAL image processing
N1  - Accession Number: 75294967; Lanzirotti, Antonio 1 Miller, Lisa M. 2; Affiliation:  1: The University of Chicago, Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources, Upton, New York, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p17; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: DIGITAL image processing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08940880208602985
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tissue, David T.
AU  - Lewis, James D.
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Amthor, Jeffery S.
AU  - Griffin, Kevin L.
AU  - Anderson, O. Roger
T1  - Leaf respiration at different canopy positions in sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) grown in ambient and elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide in the field.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 15/16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1157
EP  - 1166
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - Trees exposed to elevated CO2 partial pressure ([CO2]) generally show increased rates of photosynthesis and growth, but effects on leaf respiration are more variable. The causes of this variable response are unresolved. We grew 12-year-old sweetgum trees (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) in a Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) facility in ambient [CO2] (37/44 Pa daytime/nighttime) and elevated [CO2] (57/65 Pa daytime/nighttime) in native soil at Oak Ridge National Environmental Research Park. Nighttime respiration (RN) was measured on leaves in the upper and lower canopy in the second (1999) and third (2000) growing seasons of CO2 fumigation. Leaf respiration in the light (RL) was estimated by the technique of Brooks and Farquhar (1985) in the upper canopy during the third growing season. There were no significant short-term effects of elevated [CO2] on RN or long-term effects on RN or RL, when expressed on an area, mass or nitrogen (N) basis. Upper-canopy leaves had 54% higher RN (area basis) than lower-canopy leaves, but this relationship was unaffected by CO2 growth treatment. In August 2000, RL was about 40% of RN in the upper canopy. Elevated [CO2] significantly increased the number of leaf mitochondria (62%), leaf mass per unit area (LMA; 9%), and leaf starch (31%) compared with leaves in ambient [CO2]. Upper-canopy leaves had a significantly higher number of mitochondria (73%), N (53%), LMA (38%), sugar (117%) and starch (23%) than lower-canopy leaves. Growth in elevated [CO2] did not affect the relationships (i.e., intercept and slope) between RN and the measured leaf characteristics. Although no factor explained more than 45% of the variation in RN, leaf N and LMA were the best predictors for RN. Therefore, the response of RN to CO2 treatment and canopy position was largely dependent on the magnitude of the effect of elevated [CO2] or canopy position on these characteristics. Because elevated [CO2] had little or no effect on N or LMA, there was no effect on RN. Canopy position had large effects on these leaf characteristics, however, such that upper-canopy leaves exhibited higher RN than lower-canopy leaves. We conclude that elevated [CO2] does not directly impact leaf respiration in sweetgum and that barring changes in leaf nitrogen or leaf chemical composition, long-term effects of elevated [CO2] on respiration in this species will be minimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Respiration in plants
KW  - Gases from plants
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Photobiology
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Sweetgum
KW  - Cytochrome oxidase
KW  - Forest canopies
KW  - carbohydrates
KW  - cytochrome c oxidase
KW  - daytime respiration
KW  - forest trees
KW  - Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE)
KW  - nighttime respiration
KW  - number of mitochondria
N1  - Accession Number: 80099260; Tissue, David T. 1,2; Lewis, James D. 3; Wullschleger, Stan D. 4; Amthor, Jeffery S. 4; Griffin, Kevin L. 5; Anderson, O. Roger 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3131, USA; 2: Author to whom correspondence should be addressed david.tissue@ttu.edu; 3: Louis Calder Center—Biological Station and Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University Armonk, NY 10504, USA; 4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 5: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University Palisades, NY 10964, USA; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 22 Issue 15/16, p1157; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Respiration in plants; Thesaurus Term: Gases from plants; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Photobiology; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Sweetgum; Subject Term: Cytochrome oxidase; Subject Term: Forest canopies; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbohydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome c oxidase; Author-Supplied Keyword: daytime respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE); Author-Supplied Keyword: nighttime respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: number of mitochondria; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, H. H.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G. S.
AU  - Pan, L.
T1  - Reply.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4-1
EP  - 4-2
SN  - 00431397
KW  - fractured porous media
KW  - particle tracking
KW  - solute transport
N1  - Accession Number: 87143813; Liu, H. H. 1; Bodvarsson, G. S. 1; Pan, L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p4-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute transport; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001568
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eliassi, Mehdi
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
T1  - On the porous-continuum modeling of gravity-driven fingers in unsaturated materials: Extension of standard theory with a hold-back-pile-up effect.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 16-1
EP  - 16-11
SN  - 00431397
AB  - The traditional Richards equation (RE) in combination with standard monotonic properties (constitutive relations and hysteretic equations of state) has been shown to lack critical physics required to model gravity-driven fingering (GDF). We extend the RE with an experimentally observed hold-back-pile-up (HBPU) effect not captured in the standard porous-continuum RE formulation. We postulate the HBPU effect is tied to wetting front sharpness and can be mathematically formulated in a variety of ways to include hypodiffusive, hyperbolic, and mixed spatial-temporal forms involving respectively a Laplacian, a second-order derivative in time, and a Laplacian of a first-order derivative in time of the state variables. For each, we can infer an extended flux relation comprised of the Darcy-Buckingham flux plus an additional component due to the HBPU effect. Extended flux relations that are mathematically similar to each can be found in the single-phase and multiphase flow literature, however, all with very different underlying conceptualizations of the possible physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - dynamic capillary pressure
KW  - extended porous media theory
KW  - gravity-driven fingers
KW  - hypodiffusive and hyperbolic flux relations
KW  - nonmonotonicity
KW  - wetting front instability
N1  - Accession Number: 87143824; Eliassi, Mehdi 1; Glass, Robert J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p16-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic capillary pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended porous media theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravity-driven fingers; Author-Supplied Keyword: hypodiffusive and hyperbolic flux relations; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonmonotonicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetting front instability; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001131
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Pan, Lehua
AU  - Hinds, Jennifer
AU  - Bodvarsson, G. S.
T1  - Modeling capillary barriers in unsaturated fractured rock.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 35-1
EP  - 35-12
SN  - 00431397
AB  - This work presents a series of numerical modeling studies that investigate the hydrogeologic conditions required to form capillary barriers and the effect that capillary barriers have on fluid flow and tracer transport processes in the unsaturated fractured rock of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential site for storing high-level radioactive waste. The modeling approach is based on a dual-continuum formulation of coupled multiphase fluid and tracer transport through fractured porous rock. The numerical modeling results showed that effective capillary barriers can develop where both matrix and fracture capillary gradients tend to move water upward. Under the current hydrogeologic conceptualization of Yucca Mountain, strong capillary barrier effects exist for diverting a significant amount of moisture flow through the relatively shallow Paintbrush nonwelded unit, with major faults observed at the site serving as major downward pathways for laterally diverted percolation fluxes. In addition, we used observed field liquid saturation and goechemical isotopic data to check model results and found consistent agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - capillary barriers
KW  - dual-continuum model
KW  - fractured porous media
KW  - Richards' equation
KW  - unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87143818; Wu, Yu-Shu 1; Zhang, W. 1; Pan, Lehua 1; Hinds, Jennifer 1; Bodvarsson, G. S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p35-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary barriers; Author-Supplied Keyword: dual-continuum model; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Richards' equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000852
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasquez, Desiderio A.
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
AU  - Edwards, Boyd F.
T1  - Influence of terrain on scaling laws for river networks.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 42-1
EP  - 42-5
SN  - 00431397
AB  - The upper Cheat River network departs from scaling laws describing a large number of river networks in North America. This departure is traced to its corrugated terrain. The more typical random terrain of the lower Cheat River network obeys the standard scaling laws. We modify the random network model of Scheidegger to include the effects of topography, reproducing the behavior observed in the Cheat River basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - power laws
KW  - river basins
KW  - river networks
KW  - self-organization
N1  - Accession Number: 87143840; Vasquez, Desiderio A. 1,2; Smith, Duane H. 1; Edwards, Boyd F. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy; 2: On leave from Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University at Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA.; 3: On leave from Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p42-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: power laws; Author-Supplied Keyword: river basins; Author-Supplied Keyword: river networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: self-organization; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2000WR000152
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tidwell, Vincent C.
AU  - Wilson, John L.
T1  - Visual attributes of a rock and their relationship to permeability: A comparison of digital image and minipermeameter data.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 43-1
EP  - 43-13
SN  - 00431397
AB  - What is the relationship between the visual attributes of a rock sample and its permeability, and how might such information be used in aquifer/reservoir characterization? We investigated these questions by way of three meter-scale blocks of rock, two sandstones, and one volcanic tuff. Each rock exhibits visual and permeability patterns that differ in geometry, intensity, and scale. Using a gas minipermeameter, hundreds to thousands of permeability values were collected on grids at centimeter-scale resolution from each block face and compared to the digital visual image of the same face. We found no significant direct correlation between the permeability measurements and any objective textural measure drawn from the corresponding digital images, despite the obvious resemblance of the permeability maps and visual images. Hypothesizing that the human eye relies on spatial correlation to synthesize information, we calculated and compared semivariograms for both the maps and the images. Semivariogram shape, anisotropy ratio, and principal axes orientation were consistent for the maps and images of each rock but different between rocks. To explore this similarity further, we compared discrete features appearing in map/image pairs, using a difference of Gaussian edge filter to segment (i.e., delineate) the spatial features. The filter consistently colocated visually sharp features, such as sedimentological bounding surfaces, in both the map and the image. Additionally, cumulative distribution functions characterizing the size, shape, and orientation of the segmented features were statistically indistinguishable between a permeability map and its corresponding visual image but statistically different between rocks. These results suggest that it may not always be possible to use visual images (photographs or scans) of outcrops to directly map permeability, even with a training set of punctual permeability data. In particular, defining such relations may be difficult where the scales of analysis and/or intensity of heterogeneity are limited (e.g., within a given facies) as is the case here. Where direct mapping is not possible, these results suggest that visual images can still be used to delineate spatial permeability patterns, especially to locate boundaries where sharp permeability contrasts occur. Other surrogate measurements of permeability, in particular the various geophysical methods, may exhibit similar behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - digital images
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - image analysis
KW  - minipermeameter
KW  - permeability
KW  - permeability surrogates
N1  - Accession Number: 87143832; Tidwell, Vincent C. 1; Wilson, John L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Geohydrology Department, Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p43-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: digital images; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: image analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: minipermeameter; Author-Supplied Keyword: permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: permeability surrogates; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000932
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaillard, Mary K.
AU  - Giedt, Joel
T1  - More modular invariant anomalous <f>U(1)</f> breaking
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/11/04/
VL  - 643
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We consider the case of several scalar fields, charged under a number of <f>U(1)</f> factors, acquiring vacuum expectation values due to an anomalous <f>U(1)</f>. We demonstrate how to make redefinitions at the superfield level in order to account for tree-level exchange of vector supermultiplets in the effective supergravity theory of the light fields in the supersymmetric vacuum phase. Our approach builds upon previous results that we obtained in a more elementary case. We find that the modular weights of light fields are typically shifted from their original values, allowing an interpretation in terms of the preservation of modular invariance in the effective theory. We address various subtleties in defining unitary gauge that are associated with the noncanonical Ka¨hler potential of modular invariant supergravity, the vacuum degeneracy, and the role of the dilaton field. We discuss the effective superpotential for the light fields and note how proton decay operators may be obtained when the heavy fields are integrated out of the theory at the tree-level. We also address how our formalism may be extended to describe the generalized Green–Schwarz mechanism for multiple anomalous <f>U(1)</f>'s that occur in four-dimensional Type I and Type IIB string constructions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - SUPERMULTIPLETS
KW  - SUPERGRAVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 7891182; Gaillard, Mary K. 1; Email Address: mkgaillard@lbl.gov Giedt, Joel 1; Email Address: jtgiedt@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California and Theoretical Physics Group, Bldg. 50A5104, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 643 Issue 1-3, p201; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: SUPERMULTIPLETS; Subject Term: SUPERGRAVITY; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dulub, Olga
AU  - Boatner, Lynn A.
AU  - Diebold, Ulrike
T1  - STM study of the geometric and electronic structure of ZnO(<f>0 0 0 1</f>)-Zn, (<f>0 0 0 1¯</f>)-O, (<f>1 0 1¯ 0</f>), and (<f>1 1 2¯ 0</f>) surfaces
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/11/10/
VL  - 519
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The geometric and electronic structure of clean (0 0 0 1), (<f>0 0 0 1¯</f>), (<f>1 1 2¯ 0</f>), and (<f>1 0 1¯ 0</f>) faces of ZnO single crystals have been studied with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), and low-energy He<f>+</f> ion scattering spectroscopy (LEIS). All surfaces exhibit a (<f>1×1</f>) termination but distinctly different terrace and step structures. On the zinc-terminated (0 0 0 1)-Zn surface, the terraces are covered with triangular islands and pits of different sizes, rotated by 180° with respect to those in the neighboring terraces. Single-layer steps with a height of ∼2.7 A˚ are observed. Vicinal surfaces of (0 0 0 1)-Zn consist of terraces separated by alternating straight and saw-tooth-shaped steps. On the oxygen-terminated (<f>0 0 0 1¯</f>)-O surface, flat hexagonal terraces are separated by predominantly ∼5.3 A˚ high-double-layer steps. The terraces are wide (∼500 A˚) and smooth with no added islands and holes. They are not covered with a saturation coverage of hydrogen. Near-atomic-resolution images of the prism (<f>1 0 1¯ 0</f>) surface show flat, rectangular terraces separated by single-layer steps (∼3 A˚) running perpendicular to the <f>〈0 0 0 1〉</f> and <f>〈1 2¯ 1 0〉</f> directions. A high density of terraces with atomic rows running preferentially along the <f>〈0 0 0 1〉</f> directions was observed on the as-grown (<f>1 1 2¯ 0</f>) surface. This surface is the least stable and tends to form long grooves that are ∼250 A˚ wide and ∼50 A˚ deep along the <f>〈1 1¯ 0 0〉</f> directions. STS measurements show semiconductor-like behavior of all the surfaces, but a slightly different I–V characteristic of the (<f>0 0 0 1¯</f>)-O face. Based on these results, structural models for the different surfaces are proposed and related to the stability and reactivity of ZnO surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - LOW energy electron diffraction
KW  - and topography
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Low energy ion scattering (LEIS)
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Semiconducting surfaces
KW  - Surface defects
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Zinc oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 7906511; Dulub, Olga 1; Email Address: odulub@tulane.edu Boatner, Lynn A. 2 Diebold, Ulrike 1; Email Address: diebold@tulane.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 519 Issue 3, p201; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: LOW energy electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy ion scattering (LEIS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconducting surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zinc oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hughes, Darcy A.
T1  - Scaling of deformation-induced microstructures in fcc metals
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/11/11/
VL  - 47
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 697
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Similarities in microstructural patterns developing during monotonic deformation of fcc metals and alloys are demonstrated via observations and scaling laws that indicate the operation of similar dislocation mechanisms for a wide range of materials and deformation conditions. A requirement is for sufficient three-dimensional dislocation mobility to create three-dimensional structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Distributions
KW  - Grain subdivision
KW  - Misorientation angle
KW  - Rolling
KW  - Scaling
KW  - Spacing
N1  - Accession Number: 9097314; Hughes, Darcy A. 1; Email Address: darcyhu@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Materials and Engineering Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 47 Issue 10, p697; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain subdivision; Author-Supplied Keyword: Misorientation angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rolling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spacing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balco, Greg
AU  - Stone, John O.H.
AU  - Porter, Stephen C.
AU  - Caffee, Marc W.
T1  - Cosmogenic-nuclide ages for New England coastal moraines, Martha's Vineyard and Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2002/11/12/
VL  - 21
IS  - 20-22
M3  - Article
SP  - 2127
SN  - 02773791
AB  - Cosmogenic-nuclide exposure ages for 13 glacially transported boulders atop the Martha''s Vineyard moraine, MA, USA, indicate that the southeastern margin of the Laurentide ice sheet reached its maximum extent during the last glaciation 23,200±500 yr ago. Another 10 age determinations from the younger Buzzards Bay moraine near Woods Hole, MA, indicate that this moraine complex was formed 18,800±400 yr ago. These ages correlate approximately with the terminations of cooling cycles recorded in Greenland ice cores and coeval ice-rafting events, suggesting that the marginal position of this sector of the ice sheet was tightly coupled to North Atlantic climate during the last glacial maximum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Science Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLACIERS
KW  - BOULDERS
KW  - MORAINES
KW  - MASSACHUSETTS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 8620380; Balco, Greg 1; Email Address: balcs@u.washington.edu Stone, John O.H. 1 Porter, Stephen C. 1 Caffee, Marc W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Quaternary Research Center and Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Mail Stop 351310, Seattle, WA 98195-1310, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, L-397, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 21 Issue 20-22, p2127; Subject Term: GLACIERS; Subject Term: BOULDERS; Subject Term: MORAINES; Subject Term: MASSACHUSETTS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, J.A.
AU  - Garcıa, J.
AU  - González, L.
T1  - Electronic and chemical properties of mixed-metal oxides: adsorption of <f>SO2</f> on <f>SrTiO3</f>(0 0 1)
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/11/13/
VL  - 365
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 380
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The structural, electronic, and chemical properties of the <f>SrTiO3</f>(0 0 1) surface were examined by means of first-principles density-functional (DF) slab calculations (LDA, GGA Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhoff functional). In qualitative terms, the LDA and GGA predict similar structural relaxations for the <f>SrTiO3</f>(0 0 1) system. DF results for bulk <f>SrTiO3</f> and <f>SrTiO3</f>(0 0 1) illustrate the important effects that metal <f>↔</f> oxygen <f>↔</f> metal interactions can have on the electronic and chemical properties of a mixed-metal oxide. A big increase in the electron density of Ti is found when going from <f>TiO2</f> to <f>SrTiO3</f>. This phenomenon can easily explain why <f>SrTiO3</f> is a much better DeSO<f>x</f> catalyst than pure <f>TiO2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRONTIUM compounds
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - METALLIC oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 7920255; Rodriguez, J.A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Garcıa, J. 2 González, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 365 Issue 5/6, p380; Subject Term: STRONTIUM compounds; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Spectroscopic properties of <f>Mo2−</f> and <f>Mo2+</f>
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/11/13/
VL  - 365
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Potential energy curves and spectroscopic constants for 30 electronic states of <f>Mo2+</f> together with the ground states of <f>Mo2−</f> anion and <f>Mo2</f> have been computed using the complete active space multiconfiguration self-consistent field (CASMCSCF) followed by the multireference singles + doubles configuration interaction (MRSDCI) calculations that included up to 44.4 million configurations. We have reported computed equilibrium distances (<f>re</f>), vibrational frequencies (<f>ωe</f>) and energy separations (<f>Te</f>). We have predicted several spectroscopic systems for <f>Mo2+</f>, which are yet to be observed and the electron affinity of <f>Mo2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 7920261; Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Sciences, University of California Davis, Hertz Hall, L-794 Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 365 Issue 5/6, p413; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wade, Elisabeth A.
AU  - Reak, Kristina E.
AU  - Parsons, Bradley F.
AU  - Clemes, Thomas P.
AU  - Singmaster, Karen A.
T1  - Photochemistry of chloropicrin in cryogenic matrices
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/11/13/
VL  - 365
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The photolysis of chloropicrin (<f>CCl3NO2</f>) was investigated in Ar and <f>N2</f> cryogenic matrices. The extent of reaction was monitored using FT-IR spectroscopy. Phosgene and nitrosyl chloride were the observed photoproducts at all wavelengths investigated (220, 251, 313, 365, and 405 nm). When the photolysis was performed with 220, 251, or 313 nm light, two additional bands were also observed. These bands have been assigned to <f>CCl3ONO</f>. Chloropicrin was also photolyzed in the presence of <f>O2</f> and <f>18O2</f>. <f>18O</f>-labeled photoproducts were not detected in cryogenic matrices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CHLOROPICRIN
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 7920274; Wade, Elisabeth A. 1; Email Address: ewade@mills.edu Reak, Kristina E. 1 Parsons, Bradley F. 2 Clemes, Thomas P. 3 Singmaster, Karen A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Physics, Mills College, 5000 MacArthur Blvd., Oakland, CA 94613, USA  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 365 Issue 5/6, p473; Subject Term: CHLOROPICRIN; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babu, S.S.
AU  - Elmer, J.W.
AU  - Vitek, J.M.
AU  - David, S.A.
T1  - Time-resolved X-ray diffraction investigation of primary weld solidification in Fe-C-Al-Mn steel welds
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/11/14/
VL  - 50
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4763
SN  - 13596454
AB  - In situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) using synchrotron radiation was used to monitor the phase evolution during welding of Fe-C-Al-Mn steel with 0.05 s resolutions. The primary solidification phase under rapid- and slow-cooling rate conditions was examined. The results showed nonequilibrium austenite solidification during rapid cooling; in contrast to the equilibrium δ-ferrite solidification that occurs under slow cooling conditions. These experimental results were analyzed using computational thermodynamics and interface-response function models. Results of the interface response function calculations considering the effect of carbon alone, predicted a change from primary δ-ferrite to primary austenite solidification with an increase in solid-liquid interface velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - AUSTENITE
KW  - WELDING
KW  - in situ Time-resolved X-ray diffraction
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Rapid solidification
KW  - Steels
KW  - Welding
N1  - Accession Number: 7916226; Babu, S.S. 1 Elmer, J.W. 1,2 Vitek, J.M. 1 David, S.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6096, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 50 Issue 19, p4763; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: AUSTENITE; Subject Term: WELDING; Author-Supplied Keyword: in situ Time-resolved X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rapid solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Welding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jankowski, A.F.
AU  - Wall, M.A.
AU  - Van Buuren, A.W.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Wadsworth, J.
T1  - From nanocrystalline to amorphous structure in beryllium-based coatings
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/11/14/
VL  - 50
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4791
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The material properties of vapor deposited coatings are sensitive to the growth morphology and microstructure. For certain applications it is desirable to deposit Be-rich coatings that are homogeneous, isotropic, dense, mechanically strong, and smooth. One way to develop this set of properties is to refine the grain size in these deposits to the nanoscale range. In this study, the compositional effects of Cu, Fe, and B additions on the microstructure of Be coatings have been characterized with transmission electron microscopy. Fe and B additions are found to have a dominant affect on grain refinement. Furthermore, an amorphous Be-B phase is found in deposits having compositions in excess of 11 at.% B. Nanoindentation was used to assess the mechanical properties of the coatings. The measured hardness values are correlated with the grain size and compositions of the coatings. The presence of amorphous Be-B phases is found to decrease the coating hardness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Metallic glass
KW  - Nanocrystalline
KW  - Sputter deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 7916230; Jankowski, A.F. 1 Wall, M.A. 1 Van Buuren, A.W. 1 Nieh, T.G. 1 Wadsworth, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 50 Issue 19, p4791; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beryllium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputter deposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Millett, J.C.F.
AU  - Bourne, N.K.
AU  - Gray III, G.T.
AU  - Jones, I.P.
T1  - The response of TiAl based alloys to one-dimensional shock loading
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/11/14/
VL  - 50
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4801
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The behaviour of two different alloys based on the intermetallic phase TiAl, with different microstructures and grain sizes have been investigated during shock loading. Significant differences in the equation of state (stress–shock velocity–particle velocity), one-dimensional yield strength and shear strength have been observed. These have been explained in terms of the microstructural differences between the two alloys. In addition, differences between the equation of state and the calculated hydrostat have been noted. An increase in the shear strength with increasing stress has been suggested, and confirmed with independent lateral stress measurements. The increase in shear strength has been explained as being due to the high work-hardening rates displayed by such materials, although an alternative possibility—the positive dependence of the shear modulus to pressure—has also been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - TITANIUM alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Shear strength
KW  - Shock wave
KW  - Titanium aluminide
N1  - Accession Number: 7916232; Millett, J.C.F. 1; Email Address: j.millett@rmcs.cranfield.ac.uk Bourne, N.K. 1 Gray III, G.T. 2 Jones, I.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environment and Ordinance Systems, Royal Military College of Science, Cranfield University, RCMS, Shrivenham, Swindon, SN6 8LA, UK  2: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Materials for High Performance Applications, University of Birmingham, Elms Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 50 Issue 19, p4801; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: TITANIUM alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock wave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium aluminide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahmed, S.
AU  - Kopasz, J.
AU  - Kumar, R.
AU  - Krumpelt, M.
T1  - Water balance in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/11/14/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 519
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) systems operating on carbonaceous fuels require water for fuel processing. Such systems can find wider applications if they do not require a supply of water in addition to the supply of fuel, that is, if they can be self-sustaining based on the water produced at the fuel cell stack. This paper considers a generic PEFC system and identifies the parameters that affect, and the extent of their contribution to, the net water balance in the system. These parameters include the steam-to-carbon and the oxygen-to-carbon ratios in the fuel processor, the electrochemical fuel and oxygen utilizations in the fuel cell stack, the ambient pressure and temperature, and the composition of the fuel used. The analysis shows that the amount of water lost from the system as water vapor in the exhaust is very sensitive to the system pressure and ambient temperature, while the amount of water produced in the system is a function of the composition of the fuel. Fuels with a high H/C (hydrogen to carbon atomic ratio) allow the system to be operated as a net water producer under a wider range of operating conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - Fuel cell system
KW  - Fuel processing
KW  - Water balance
N1  - Accession Number: 7918510; Ahmed, S.; Email Address: ahmed@cmt.anl.gov Kopasz, J. 1 Kumar, R. 1 Krumpelt, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p519; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water balance; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williford, R.E.
AU  - Hatchell, B.K.
AU  - Singh, P.
T1  - A combined passive water vapor exchanger and exhaust gas diffusion barrier for fuel cell applications
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/11/14/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 570
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Fuel cells operating on hydrocarbon fuels require water vapor injection into the fuel stream for fuel reforming and the prevention of carbon fouling. Compared to active water recovery systems, a passive approach would eliminate the need for a separate water source, pumps, and actuators, and thus reduce parasitic thermal losses. The passive approach developed in this paper employs a capillary pump that recovers the water vapor from the exhaust, while providing a diffusion barrier that prevents exhaust gases from entering the fuel stream. Benchtop proof tests have proven the feasibility of the passive fuel humidifier concept, and have provided a calibration factor for a computational design tool that can be used for industrial applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - WATER vapor transport
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Experiments
KW  - Fuel cells
KW  - Fuel reforming
KW  - Models
KW  - Water vapor exchanger
N1  - Accession Number: 7918515; Williford, R.E.; Email Address: rick.williford@pnl.gov Hatchell, B.K. 1 Singh, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p570; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: WATER vapor transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water vapor exchanger; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, S.-S.
AU  - Sun, Y.-K.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Li[Li(1−2x)/3NixMn(2−x)/3]O2 as cathode materials for lithium secondary batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2002/11/14/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 634
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Layered Li[Li(1−2x)/3NixMn(2−x)/3]O2 materials with <F>x=0.41</F>, 0.35, 0.275 and 0.2 are synthesized by means of a sol–gel method. The layered structure is stabilized by a solid solution between LiNiO2 and Li2MnO3. The discharge capacity increases with increasing lithium content at the 3a sites in the Li[Li(1−2x)/3NixMn(2−x)/3]O2. A Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2 electrode delivers discharge capacities of 200 and 240 mAh g−1 with excellent cycleability at 30 and 55 °C, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - STORAGE batteries
KW  - Cathode materials
KW  - Layered manganese
KW  - Li2MnO3
KW  - Lithium secondary batteries
KW  - Sol–gel method
N1  - Accession Number: 7918721; Shin, S.-S. 1 Sun, Y.-K. 1; Email Address: yksun@hanyang.ac.kr Amine, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seungdong-Gu, Seoul 133-791, South Korea  2: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p634; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: STORAGE batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered manganese; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li2MnO3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium secondary batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel method; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rockel, Beate
AU  - Peters, Jürgen
AU  - Kühlmorgen, Brigitte
AU  - Glaeser, Robert M.
AU  - Baumeister, Wolfgang
T1  - A giant protease with a twist: the TPP II complex from Drosophila studied by electron microscopy.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/11/15/
VL  - 21
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5979
EP  - 5984
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPP II is an exopeptidase of the subtilisin type of serine proteases that is thought to act downstream of the proteasome in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Recently, a key role in a pathway parallel to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway has been ascribed to TPP II, which forms a giant protease complex in mammalian cells. Here, we report the 900-fold purification of TPP II from Drosophila eggs and demonstrate via cryo-electron microscopy that TPP II from Drosophila melanogaster also forms a giant protease complex. The presented three-dimensional reconstruction of the 57 ×27 nm TPP II complex at 3.3 nm resolution reveals that the 150 kDa subunits form a superstructure composed of two segmented and twisted strands. Each strand is 12.5 nm in width and composed of 11 segments that enclose a central channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - DROSOPHILIDAE
KW  - PEPTIDASE
KW  - DROSOPHILA
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - CELLS
KW  - cryo-electron microscopy
KW  - eptidase II
KW  - three-dimensional reconstruction
KW  - tripeptidyl
N1  - Accession Number: 12956228; Rockel, Beate 1 Peters, Jürgen 2 Kühlmorgen, Brigitte 2 Glaeser, Robert M. 1 Baumeister, Wolfgang 2; Email Address: baumeist@biochem.mpg.de; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.; Source Info: 11/15/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 22, p5979; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: DROSOPHILIDAE; Subject Term: PEPTIDASE; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: CELLS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cryo-electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: eptidase II; Author-Supplied Keyword: three-dimensional reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: tripeptidyl; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdf601
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hou, Victor C.
AU  - Lersch, Robert
AU  - Gee, Sherry L.
AU  - Ponthier, Julie L.
AU  - Lo, Annie J.
AU  - Wu, Michael
AU  - Turck, Chris W.
AU  - Koury, Mark
AU  - Krainer, Adrian R.
AU  - Mayeda, Akila
AU  - Conboy, John G.
T1  - Decrease in hnRNP A/B expression during erythropoiesis mediates a pre-mRNA splicing switch.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/11/15/
VL  - 21
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6195
EP  - 6204
SN  - 02614189
AB  - A physiologically important alternative pre-mRNA splicing switch, involving activation of protein 4.1R exon 16 (E16) splicing, is required for the establishment of proper mechanical integrity of the erythrocyte membrane during erythropoiesis. Here we identify a conserved exonic splicing silencer element (CE16) in E16 that interacts with hnRNP A/B proteins and plays a role in repression of E16 splicing during early erythropoiesis. Experiments with model pre- mRNAs showed that CE16 can repress splicing of upstream introns, and that mutagenesis or replacement of CE16 can relieve this inhibition. An affinity selection assay with biotinylated CE16 RNA demonstrated specific binding of hnRNP A/B proteins. Depletion of hnRNP A/B proteins from nuclear extract significantly increased E16 inclusion, while repletion with recombinant hnRNP A/B restored E16 silencing. Most importantly, differentiating mouse erythroblasts exhibited a stage-specific activation of the E16 splicing switch in concert with a dramatic and specific down-regulation of hnRNP A/B protein expression. These findings demonstrate that natural developmental changes in hnRNP A/B proteins can effect physiologically important switches in pre- mRNA splicing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ERYTHROPOIESIS
KW  - RNA
KW  - RIBOSE
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - alternative splicing
KW  - exonic splicing silencer
KW  - hnRNP A and B
KW  - protein 4.1R.
N1  - Accession Number: 12956207; Hou, Victor C. 1 Lersch, Robert 1 Gee, Sherry L. 1 Ponthier, Julie L. 1 Lo, Annie J. 1 Wu, Michael 2 Turck, Chris W. 3 Koury, Mark 4 Krainer, Adrian R. 5 Mayeda, Akila 6; Email Address: jgconboy@lbl.gov Conboy, John G. 1; Email Address: jgconboy@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720.  3: University of California, San Francisco, HHMI, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94143.  4: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Nashville, TN 37232.  5: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724.  6: University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miami, Fl 33136, USA.; Source Info: 11/15/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 22, p6195; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ERYTHROPOIESIS; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: RIBOSE; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: alternative splicing; Author-Supplied Keyword: exonic splicing silencer; Author-Supplied Keyword: hnRNP A and B; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein 4.1R.; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdf625
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kelly, S.D.
AU  - Kemner, K.M.
AU  - Fein, J.B.
AU  - Fowle, D.A.
AU  - Boyanov, M.I.
AU  - Bunker, B.A.
AU  - Yee, N.
T1  - X-ray absorption fine structure determination of pH-dependent U-bacterial cell wall interactions
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/11/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 3855
SN  - 00167037
AB  - X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements was used at the U L3-edge to directly determine the pH dependence of the cell wall functional groups responsible for the absorption of aqueous UO22+ to Bacillus subtilis from pH 1.67 to 4.80. Surface complexation modeling can be used to predict metal distributions in water–rock systems, and it has been used to quantify bacterial adsorption of metal cations. However, successful application of these models requires a detailed knowledge not only of the type of bacterial surface site involved in metal adsorption/desorption, but also of the binding geometry. Previous acid-base titrations of B. subtilis cells suggested that three surface functional group types are important on the cell wall; these groups have been postulated to correspond to carboxyl, phosphoryl, and hydroxyl sites. When the U(VI) adsorption to B. subtilis is measured, observed is a significant pH-independent absorption at low pH values (<3.0), ascribed to an interaction between the uranyl cation and a neutrally charged phosphoryl group on the cell wall. The present study provides independent quantitative constraints on the types of sites involved in uranyl binding to B. subtilis from pH 1.67 to 4.80. The XAFS results indicate that at extremely low pH (pH 1.67) UO22+ binds exclusively to phosphoryl functional groups on the cell wall, with an average distance between the U atom and the P atom of 3.64 ± 0.01 A˚. This U-P distance indicates an inner-sphere complex with an oxygen atom shared between the UO22+ and the phosphoryl ligand. The P signal at extremely low pH value is consistent with the UO22+ binding to a protonated phosphoryl group, as previously ascribed. With increasing pH (3.22 and 4.80), UO22+ binds increasingly to bacterial surface carboxyl functional groups, with an average distance between the U atom and the C atom of 2.89 ± 0.02 A˚. This U-C distance indicates an inner-sphere complex with two oxygen atoms shared between the UO22+ and the carboxyl ligand. The results of this XAFS study confirm the uranyl-bacterial surface speciation model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - BACTERIAL cell walls
N1  - Accession Number: 7916081; Kelly, S.D. 1 Kemner, K.M. 1; Email Address: skelly@anl.gov Fein, J.B. 2 Fowle, D.A. 2 Boyanov, M.I. 1,2 Bunker, B.A. 2 Yee, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL60439, USA  2: University of Notre Dame, Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, Notre Dame, IN46556, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 66 Issue 22, p3855; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: BACTERIAL cell walls; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avdeev, M.
AU  - Haas, M.K.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Cava, R.J.
T1  - Static disorder from lone-pair electrons in <f>Bi2−xMxRu2O7−y (M=Cu,Co; x=0,0.4)</f> pyrochlores
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/11/15/
VL  - 169
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The crystal structures of <f>Bi2Ru2O7</f> and <f>Bi1.6M0.4Ru2O7 (M=Cu,Co)</f> pyrochlores are determined by Rietveld refinement of neutron powder diffraction data collected between 300 and <f>12 K</f>. An appreciable oxygen non-stoichiometry, with no vacancy ordering, is found only in undoped <f>Bi2Ru2O7</f>. In all three compounds, static displacive disorder of both the Bi and <f>O′</f> sites is observed. This type of disorder has not been reported previously for <f>Bi2Ru2O7</f>, and is proposed to be a common feature of <f>A2B2O7</f> pyrochlores having a lone electronic pair on the <f>A</f>-site cation. The electronic properties of <f>Bi2Ru2O7</f> are discussed in terms of calculated electronic band structure, local ruthenium coordination, and the static bismuth displacement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - STATICS
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - Band structure
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Neutron powder diffraction
KW  - Pyrochlores
N1  - Accession Number: 8619397; Avdeev, M. 1; Email Address: avdeev@anl.gov Haas, M.K. 2 Jorgensen, J.D. 1 Cava, R.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Building 223, D-217 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 169 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: STATICS; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron powder diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrochlores; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alder, Berni J.
T1  - Slow dynamics by molecular dynamics
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2002/11/15/
VL  - 315
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03784371
AB  - We learned early in the computer study of the H-function with particle dynamics that the velocity distribution reaches a local equilibrium (Maxwellian) distribution fast, within a few mean collision times, but that the subsequent structural rearrangement of the particles can be quite slow, particularly if a highly correlated event of many degrees of freedom is involved. During that process potential energy is slowly converted into kinetic energy to reach overall equilibrium.To study processes that are so unlikely that they do not occur within long computer runs (typically less than <f>10−8 s</f> of real time) we developed a rare event algorithm. In that calculation the particles are brought adiabatically, that is so slowly that the system is at equilibrium in the presence of the external force at every step, to the rare event configuration (the activated state) and the work to do that is determined. The probability of the event is then calculated by standard reaction rate theory by also determining the transmission coefficient through releasing the constraint near the activated state and observing how often the system goes to the new state relative to how often it falls back to the initial state. The problem with that calculation besides the assumption of adiabaticity is that one needs a model for the activated state, which is often hard to guess. Simulated annealing might aid in the search for an activated state.The other possibility is to speed up particle dynamics and that can be done by direct simulation Monte Carlo, a stochastic particle solution of the Boltzmann equation for a perfect gas. That approach can be extended to higher densities, but the stochastic approach cannot account for the structural features of the medium. However, systems can be followed up to <f>10−5 s</f>. We have been able to follow, for example, droplet formation and coalescence by this method. To study even larger systems we have embedded this particle algorithm into a continuum Navier–Stokes algorithm to study the onset of hydrodynamic instabilities. However, the approach cannot deal with the protein folding problem, because the structural aspects dominate the process. One would have to embed molecular dynamics into a continuum, a much more computer intensive problem, in order to even treat water, for example, as a continuum beyond a few molecular layers around a biological molecule. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - H-functions
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 8565776; Alder, Berni J. 1; Email Address: alder1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 315 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: H-functions; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, E.
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Mutlu, I.H.
AU  - Sigmund, W.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - BaZrO3 insulation coatings for HTS coils
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/11/15/
VL  - 382
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Barium zirconium oxide (BaZrO3) thick films were grown on Ag and AgMg sheathed Bi2Sr2CaCu2<f>O8+δ</f> (Bi-2212) superconducting tapes for electrical insulation purposes. A BaZrO3 (BZO) precursor solution was prepared by sol–gel synthesis using Ba and Zr based alkoxide. Reel-to-reel continuous sol–gel dip coating method was used to grow BZO coatings on superconducting tapes. Processing, microstructure and electrical properties of high temperature BZO insulation coatings have been studied. The BZO coatings were grown in the temperature range of 450 and 600 °C in air. ESEM and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate microstructure and crystallinity of the coatings. Room temperature resistance, dielectric constant, and high voltage breakdown strength of the coatings were measured to be 13 M<f>Ω</f>, 22.5 and 1.0 kV at 1.5 mA, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - 5-T coils
KW  - AgMg/Bi-2212 tape
KW  - Breakdown voltage
KW  - BZO
KW  - Dielectric constant
KW  - Insulation
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 7912055; Celik, E. 1,2 Akin, Y. 1,3; Email Address: akin@magnet.fsu.edu Mutlu, I.H. 1 Sigmund, W. 3 Hascicek, Y.S. 1; Email Address: yusuf@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, E. Paul Dirac Drive 1800 E, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, USA  2: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 382 Issue 4, p355; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5-T coils; Author-Supplied Keyword: AgMg/Bi-2212 tape; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breakdown voltage; Author-Supplied Keyword: BZO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cary, Douglas R.
AU  - Darrow, Christopher B.
AU  - Lane, Stephen M.
AU  - Peyser, Thomas A.
AU  - Satcher Jr., Joe H.
AU  - Van Antwerp, William P.
AU  - Nelson, A.J.
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
T1  - Ruthenium bipyridine complexes for the recognition of glucose
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2002/11/15/
VL  - 87
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 09254005
AB  - Bipyridine ligands containing pendant methyl, amino and amino-boronic acid groups were synthesized. Coordination complexes of these ligands with ruthenium were prepared straightforwardly and in good yield. The luminescence behavior of the Ru complexes was studied as a function of pH and exposure to various concentrations of glucose. The methyl bipyridine complex showed no change in luminescence with pH; the amino derivative showed a rapid decrease from low pH to neutral, and the amino-boronate derivative showed a gradual decrease from pH 4 to 10. Luminescence quenching was observed at high pH as expected on the basis of a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) signaling mechanism. This behavior can be explained on the basis of the first oxidation and reduction potentials of these complexes. Glucose testing showed a significant dependence on the solvent system used. In pure methanol, the ruthenium boronate complex exhibits a 4 and 10% luminescence intensity increase upon increasing glucose concentration from 0 to 400 and 0 to 1600 mg/dl, respectively. However, in 50 vol.% methanol/phosphate buffered saline, none of the complexes showed significant response in the glucose range of physiological interest. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIPYRIDINIUM compounds
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - Bipyridine
KW  - Glucose sensor
KW  - PET
KW  - Ruthenium
N1  - Accession Number: 7919161; Cary, Douglas R. 1 Darrow, Christopher B. 1 Lane, Stephen M. 1 Peyser, Thomas A. 1 Satcher Jr., Joe H. 1; Email Address: satcher1@llnl.gov Van Antwerp, William P. 2 Nelson, A.J. 1 Reynolds, John G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-092 Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Medtronic-MiniMed Inc., 18000 Devonshire Street, Northridge, CA 91325-1219, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 87 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: BIPYRIDINIUM compounds; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bipyridine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glucose sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brosha, Eric L.
AU  - Mukundan, Rangachary
AU  - Brown, David R.
AU  - Garzon, Fernando H.
T1  - Mixed potential sensors using lanthanum manganate and terbium yttrium zirconium oxide electrodes
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2002/11/15/
VL  - 87
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 09254005
AB  - We have demonstrated a mixed potential, zirconia electrolyte-based sensor that utilizes dense, thin films of LaMnO3 and Y0.16Tb0.30Zr0.54O2⋅− as electrodes to generate an EMF that is proportional to the oxidizable gas species (CO, C3H6, and C3H8) concentration in a gas stream containing oxygen. The devices reported in this work were tested at 600 and 700 °C and in gas mixtures with O2 concentrations between 0.86 and 1.75%. An Au/LaMnO3/YSZ/Y0.16Tb0.30Zr0.54O2⋅−/Au device was tested for a total of 3000 h at 600 and 700 °C and was subject to periodic excursions to 10−10 atm PO2 to simulate reducing conditions. SEM analysis indicated that the aging effects measured in the device response over the course of this experiment may be linked to the sintering of the Au pad used for current collection on the metal oxide electrode. Three-terminal devices were fabricated so that the magnitude of the mixed potential generated from CO and C3H6 exposure on the Au/Y0.16Tb0.30Zr0.54O2⋅−, Pt/Y0.16Tb0.30Zr0.54O2⋅−, Au/LaMnO3, and Pt/LaMnO3 metal/metal oxide electrode combinations could be studied at 600 °C and in 1% O2. It was found that the catalytic properties of the Au or Pt used for current collection played a significant role in the generation of the mixed potential for both metal oxides tested. The combination of Pt on LaMnO3 gave an equilibrium response whereas a significant mixed potential was generated on both Au/Y0.16Tb0.30Zr0.54O2⋅− and Au/LaMnO3 electrodes at 600 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL sensors
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - Carbon monoxide sensors
KW  - Electrochemical sensors
KW  - Hydrocarbon sensors
KW  - Mixed potential
N1  - Accession Number: 7919178; Brosha, Eric L.; Email Address: brosha@lanl.gov Mukundan, Rangachary 1 Brown, David R. 1 Garzon, Fernando H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Materials and Devices Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 87 Issue 1, p47; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL sensors; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrocarbon sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed potential; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Gelfman, Mary Hughes Boyce
AU  - Davidson, George A.
AU  - Himmelfarb, Anne
AU  - Orent, Wendy
AU  - Zelifcoff, Alan
AU  - Easterbrook, Gregg
AU  - Callaghan, Paul
T1  - CORRESPONDENCE.
JO  - New Republic
JF  - New Republic
Y1  - 2002/11/18/
VL  - 227
IS  - 21
M3  - Letter
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
PB  - TNR II, LLC
SN  - 00286583
AB  - Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues of the journal "The New Republic."  Comments on the context of masculinity in the campaign approach of several women candidates in the U.S.; "Private Practice," which focused on a claim that reform-minded lawyers favor canceling attorney-client privilege; "Term Limits," which argued that chemical and biological weapons should not be considered as weapons of mass destruction.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - WOMEN political candidates
KW  - MASCULINITY
KW  - ATTORNEY & client
KW  - WEAPONS of mass destruction
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 15307860; Gelfman, Mary Hughes Boyce Davidson, George A. Himmelfarb, Anne Orent, Wendy Zelifcoff, Alan 1 Easterbrook, Gregg Callaghan, Paul; Affiliation:  1: Senior Scientist, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: 11/18/2002, Vol. 227 Issue 21, p4; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: WOMEN political candidates; Subject Term: MASCULINITY; Subject Term: ATTORNEY & client; Subject Term: WEAPONS of mass destruction; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922130 Legal Counsel and Prosecution; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1294
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Osborne, Jonathan
AU  - Wang, Xin-Nian
T1  - Multiple parton scattering in nuclei: twist-four nuclear matrix elements and off-forward parton distributions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/11/18/
VL  - 710
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Multiple parton scatterings inside a large nucleus generally involve higher-twist nuclear parton matrix elements. The gluon bremsstrahlung induced by multiple scattering depends not only on direct parton matrix elements but also on momentum-crossed ones, due to the Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal interference effect. We show that both types of twist-four nuclear parton matrix elements can be factorized approximately into the product of twist-two nucleon matrix elements in the limit of extremely large nuclei, <f>A→∞</f>, as assumed in previous studies. Due to the correlative nature of the twist-four matrix elements under consideration, it is actually the off-forward parton distributions that appear naturally in this decomposition, rather than the ordinary diagonal distributions probed in deeply-inelastic scattering. However, we argue that the difference between these two distribution classes is small in certain kinematic regimes. In these regions, the twist-four nuclear parton matrix elements are evaluated numerically and compared to the factorized form for different nuclear sizes within a schematic model of the two-nucleon correlation function. The nuclear size dependence is found to be <f>A4/3</f> in the limit of large <f>A</f>, as expected. We find that the factorization is reasonably good when the momentum fraction carried by the gluon field is moderate. The deviation can be more than a factor of 2, however, for small gluon momentum fractions, where the gluon distribution is very large. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - BREMSSTRAHLUNG
KW  - 21.60.-n
N1  - Accession Number: 7891154; Osborne, Jonathan; Email Address: jaosborne@lbl.gov Wang, Xin-Nian 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, MS 70-319, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 710 Issue 3/4, p281; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: BREMSSTRAHLUNG; Author-Supplied Keyword: 21.60.-n; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferreiro, Elena
AU  - Iancu, Edmond
AU  - Itakura, Kazunori
AU  - McLerran, Larry
T1  - Froissart bound from gluon saturation
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/11/18/
VL  - 710
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We demonstrate that the dipole–hadron cross-section computed from the non-linear evolution equation for the Colour Glass Condensate saturates the Froissart bound in the case of a fixed coupling and for a small dipole (<f>Q2≫ΛQCD2</f>). That is, the cross-section increases as the logarithm squared of the energy, with a proportionality coefficient involving the pion mass and the BFKL intercept <f>(αsNc/π)4ln2</f>. The pion mass enters via the non-perturbative initial conditions at low energy. The BFKL equation emerges as a limit of the non-linear evolution equation valid in the tail of the hadron wavefunction. We provide a physical picture for the transverse expansion of the hadron with increasing energy, and emphasize the importance of the colour correlations among the saturated gluons in suppressing non-unitary contributions due to long-range Coulomb tails. We present the first calculation of the saturation scale including the impact parameter dependence. We show that the cross-section at high energy exhibits geometric scaling with a different scaling variable as compared to the intermediate energy regime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - EVOLUTION equations
N1  - Accession Number: 7891158; Ferreiro, Elena 1 Iancu, Edmond 2,3; Email Address: iancu@spht.saclay.cea.fr Itakura, Kazunori 3,4 McLerran, Larry 5; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Fısica de Partıculas, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain  2: Service de Physique Théorique, CEA/DSM/SPhT, Unité de recherche associée au CNRS, CEA/Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  3: Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-4030, USA  4: RIKEN BNL Research Center, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: Nuclear Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 710 Issue 3/4, p373; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: EVOLUTION equations; Number of Pages: 42p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ricci, Paolo
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
AU  - Brackbill, J. U.
T1  - A Simplified Implicit Maxwell Solver
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2002/11/20/
VL  - 183
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We apply the second-order formulation of Maxwell''s equations proposed by Jiang et al. (1996, J. Comput. Phys.125, 104) to the solution of the implicit formulation of the three-dimensional, time-dependent Vlasov–Maxwell''s system. An implicit finite difference algorithm is developed to solve the Maxwell''s equations in a bounded domain with physical boundary conditions comprising electrically conducting walls (perfect conductors) and constant magnetic flux walls. We formulate the boundary conditions for Maxwell''s equations to satisfy Poisson''s equation throughout the domain by solving it only on the boundary. This eliminates the need for a separate projection step. We compare numerical results with analytical solutions for electromagnetic waves in vacuo, and using the implicit particle-in-cell code CELESTE3D, we test the new solver on the geospace environment modeling magnetic reconnection challenge problem. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - MAXWELL equations
KW  - particle-in-cell implicit method
N1  - Accession Number: 8805311; Ricci, Paolo 1,2 Lapenta, Giovanni 3 Brackbill, J. U.; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica, Istituto Nazionale Fisica della Materia (INFM), Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, 10129, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Energetica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, 10129, Italy  3: Dipartimento di Fisica, Istituto Nazionale Fisica della Materia (INFM), Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, 10129, Italy<fn id="f1"><no>f1</no>lapenta@lanl.gov</fn>; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 183 Issue 1, p117; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle-in-cell implicit method; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jcph.2002.7170
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mattsson, A.E.
AU  - Jennison, D.R.
T1  - Computing accurate surface energies and the importance of electron self-energy in metal/metal-oxide adhesion
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/11/20/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L611
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Starting with density functional theory (DFT) results, we correct surface energies using a jellium model as applied to surface electron densities obtained from the first principles calculations. We apply these results to the computed work of adhesion for Pd(1 1 1) to <f>α</f>-Al2O3(0 0 0 1). Here polarization bonding dominates at the interface and is well described by DFT, but the surface energies of both the metal and the oxide have substantial errors due to electron self-exchange and self-correlation. We show that this correction is quite large for the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), thus explaining the difference between GGA results for metal/metal-oxide binding and those obtained by the local density approximation, where an accidental cancellation in errors produces better agreement with experiment. After the corrections, both methods produce results that are within the experimental error bars. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - Aluminum oxide
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Jellium models
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Surface energy
N1  - Accession Number: 7920117; Mattsson, A.E. 1; Email Address: aematts@sandia.gov Jennison, D.R.; Email Address: drjenni@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Surface and Interface Sciences Department, 1114, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1415, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 520 Issue 1/2, pL611; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jellium models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brennan, T.
AU  - Butler, J.
AU  - Cheung, H.
AU  - Frolov, V.
AU  - Khroustalev, K.
AU  - Kubota, Y.
AU  - Mountain, R.
AU  - Stone, S.
AU  - Yarba, J.
AU  - Alexeev, S.N.
AU  - Batarin, V.A.
AU  - Goncharenko, Y.M.
AU  - Grishin, V.N.
AU  - Datsko, V.S.
AU  - Derevschikov, A.A.
AU  - Fomin, Yu.V.
AU  - Kachanov, V.A.
AU  - Khodyrev, V.Y.
AU  - Konstantinov, A.S.
AU  - Kormilitsin, V.A.
T1  - The BTeV electromagnetic calorimeter
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/11/21/
VL  - 494
IS  - 1/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The electromagnetic calorimeter for a new Fermilab collider program named BTeV is based on lead tungstate scintillating crystals <f>(PbWO4)</f>. Various properties of crystals manufactured by Russian and Chinese companies were measured at the U70 accelerator in Protvino. A dedicated beam momentum tagging system was used to measure the energy and spatial resolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - TUNGSTATES
KW  - Electromagnetic calorimeter
KW  - Lead tungstate
KW  - Scintillating crystal
N1  - Accession Number: 8806336; Brennan, T. 1 Butler, J. 1 Cheung, H. 1 Frolov, V. 2 Khroustalev, K. 3 Kubota, Y. 2 Mountain, R. 3 Stone, S. 3 Yarba, J. 1 Alexeev, S.N. 4 Batarin, V.A. 4 Goncharenko, Y.M. 4 Grishin, V.N. 4 Datsko, V.S. 4 Derevschikov, A.A. 4 Fomin, Yu.V. 4 Kachanov, V.A. 4 Khodyrev, V.Y. 4 Konstantinov, A.S. 4 Kormilitsin, V.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  3: Syracuse University,Syracuse, NY 13244-1130, USA  4: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Pobeda Str. 1, 142281 Protvino, Russia; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 494 Issue 1/3, p313; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: TUNGSTATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead tungstate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillating crystal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mineev, O.
AU  - Garber, E.
AU  - Frank, J.
AU  - Ivashkin, A.
AU  - Kettell, S.
AU  - Khabibullin, M.
AU  - Kudenko, Yu.
AU  - Li, K.
AU  - Littenberg, L.
AU  - Mayatski, V.
AU  - Yershov, N.
T1  - Photon sandwich detectors with WLS fiber readout
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/11/21/
VL  - 494
IS  - 1/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A photon detector for BNL experiment E949 is described. The detector consists of a lead scintillator “sandwich” of 25 layers of <f>5 mm</f> thick scintillator BC404 and 24 layers of <f>2 mm</f> lead absorber. Readout is implemented with 30–<f>60 cm</f> long wavelength shifting (WLS) fibers (BCF 99-29AA) glued into grooves in the BC404. Average yield was measured with cosmic rays to be about <f>43 p.e./MeV</f>. Performance of extruded plastic scintillation counters developed for sandwich detectors of photons for the KOPIO experiment are also described. For a <f>7 mm</f> thick counter with <f>4.3 m</f> long WLS fibers spaced at <f>7 mm</f>, a light yield of <f>18.7 p.e./MeV</f> and time resolution of <f>0.71 ns</f> were obtained. A prototype photon veto module consisting of 10 layers of <f>7 mm</f> thick extruded plastic slabs interleaved with <f>1 mm</f> lead sheets was tested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTON detectors
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - Lead–plastic sandwich
KW  - Photon detection (WLS readout)
KW  - Photon veto
N1  - Accession Number: 8806343; Mineev, O. 1; Email Address: oleg@wocup.inr.triotsk.ru Garber, E. 2 Frank, J. 2 Ivashkin, A. 1 Kettell, S. 2 Khabibullin, M. 1 Kudenko, Yu. 1 Li, K. 2 Littenberg, L. 2 Mayatski, V. 3 Yershov, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research RAS, 60th October Revol. Pr. 7a, 117312 Moscow, Russia  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: AO Uniplast, 600016 Vladimir, Russia; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 494 Issue 1/3, p362; Subject Term: PHOTON detectors; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead–plastic sandwich; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon detection (WLS readout); Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon veto; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Fernández, J.
AU  - Gómez, G.
AU  - Piedra, J.
AU  - Rodrigo, T.
AU  - Ruiz, A.
AU  - Vila, I.
AU  - Vilar, R.
AU  - Grozis, C.
AU  - Kephart, R.
AU  - Stanek, R.
AU  - Kim, D.H.
AU  - Kim, M.S.
AU  - Oh, Y.
AU  - Kim, Y.K.
AU  - Veramendi, G.
AU  - Anikeev, K.
AU  - Bauer, G.
AU  - Furic, I.K.
AU  - Korn, A.
T1  - The CDF-II time-of-flight detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/11/21/
VL  - 494
IS  - 1/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 416
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A Time-of-Flight (TOF) detector, based on plastic scintillator and fine-mesh photomultiplier tubes, has been added to the CDF-II experiment. Since August 2001, the TOF system has been fully instrumented and integrated into the CDF-II data acquisition system. The TOF system will provide particle identification of low momentum charged pions, kaons and protons in <f>pp¯</f> collisions. With a design resolution goal of about <f>100 ps</f>, separation between charged kaons and pions is expected at the 2 sigma level for momenta below <f>1.6 GeV/c</f>, which enhances CDF's b-flavor tagging capabilities. We describe the design of the TOF detector and discuss its on-line and off-line calibration. Some performance benchmarks using proton–antiproton collision data are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - CDF
KW  - fine-mesh photomultipliers
KW  - Particle identification
KW  - Time-of-flight
N1  - Accession Number: 8806352; Cabrera, S. 1 Fernández, J. 1 Gómez, G. 1 Piedra, J. 1 Rodrigo, T. 1 Ruiz, A. 1 Vila, I. 1; Email Address: vila@fnal.gov Vilar, R. 1 Grozis, C. 2 Kephart, R. 2 Stanek, R. 2 Kim, D.H. 3 Kim, M.S. 3 Oh, Y. 3 Kim, Y.K. 4 Veramendi, G. 4 Anikeev, K. 5 Bauer, G. 5 Furic, I.K. 5 Korn, A. 5; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Fısica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-701, South Korea  4: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 494 Issue 1/3, p416; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: fine-mesh photomultipliers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anulli, F.
AU  - Bagnasco, S.
AU  - Baldini, R.
AU  - Band, H.R.
AU  - Bionta, R.
AU  - Brau, J.E.
AU  - Brigljević, V.
AU  - Buzzo, A.
AU  - Calcaterra, A.
AU  - Carpinelli, M.
AU  - Cartaro, C.
AU  - Cavallo, N.
AU  - Crosetti, G.
AU  - de Sangro, R.
AU  - De Nardo, G.
AU  - Eichenbaum, A.
AU  - Fabozzi, F.
AU  - Falciai, D.
AU  - Ferrarotto, F.
AU  - Ferroni, F.
T1  - The BaBar instrumented flux return performance: lessons learned
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/11/21/
VL  - 494
IS  - 1/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The BaBar Collaboration has operated an instrumented flux return (IFR) system covering over <f>2000 m2</f> with resistive plate chambers (RPCs) for nearly 3 years. The chambers are constructed of bakelite sheets separated by <f>2 mm</f>. The inner surfaces are coated with linseed oil. This system provides muon and neutral hadron detection for BaBar. Installation and commissioning were completed in 1998, and operation began mid-year 1999. While initial performance of the system reached design, over time, a significant fraction of the RPCs demonstrated significant degradation, marked by increased currents and reduced efficiency. A coordinated effort of investigations have identified many of the elements responsible for the degradation. This article presents our current understanding of the aging process of the BaBar RPCs along with the action plan to combat performance degradation of the IFR system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - BAKELITE
KW  - Muon detectors
KW  - Particle detectors
KW  - Resistive plate chambers
N1  - Accession Number: 8806358; Anulli, F. 1 Bagnasco, S. 2 Baldini, R. 1 Band, H.R. 3 Bionta, R. 4 Brau, J.E. 5 Brigljević, V. 4 Buzzo, A. 2 Calcaterra, A. 1 Carpinelli, M. 6 Cartaro, C. 7 Cavallo, N. 7 Crosetti, G. 2 de Sangro, R. 1 De Nardo, G. 7 Eichenbaum, A. 3 Fabozzi, F. 7 Falciai, D. 1 Ferrarotto, F. 8 Ferroni, F. 8; Affiliation:  1: Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Università di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy  3: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  5: University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA  6: Scuola Normale Superiore and INFN, Università di Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy  7: Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche and INFN, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126 Napoli, Italy  8: Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 494 Issue 1/3, p455; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: BAKELITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistive plate chambers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Acosta, D.
AU  - Apollinari, G.
AU  - Arisaka, K.
AU  - Blomquist, J.
AU  - Breedon, R.
AU  - Bondar, N.
AU  - Bonushkin, Yu.
AU  - Borissov, E.
AU  - Bujak, A.
AU  - Bylsma, B.
AU  - Chester, N.
AU  - Chrisman, D.
AU  - Clare, R.
AU  - Cline, D.
AU  - Cousins, R.
AU  - Cox, T.
AU  - Dolinsky, S.
AU  - Durkin, S.
AU  - Eartly, D.
AU  - Ferguson, T.
T1  - Design features and test results of the CMS endcap muon chambers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/11/21/
VL  - 494
IS  - 1/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 504
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Presented are the main design features and performance results of the Cathode Strip Chambers for the CMS Endcap Muon system. Although the strips are unusually wide (up to <f>16 mm</f>) for the cathode-to-anode wire distance of <f>5 mm</f>, the six-plane structure of these chambers yields a spatial resolution of about <f>80 μm</f>, essentially uniform and independent of the strip width. In addition, the net spatial resolution of about one-tenth of the strip width at the hardware trigger level <f>(300 ns)</f> is obtained using a simple network of comparators. Time resolution achieved at the trigger level is <f>∼4 ns</f> (rms) that allows unambiguous tagging of bunch crossings which occur every <f>25 ns</f>. Aging test results, including those obtained with a recirculating gas system, are discussed; only minor aging affects were observed. The aging studies were performed with large-scale chambers; <f>700 m</f> of wire were irradiated for a dose up to <f>0.4 C/cm</f> of the total accumulated charge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Aging
KW  - Cathode strip
KW  - CMS
KW  - Detector
KW  - Gas
KW  - LHC
KW  - Muon
N1  - Accession Number: 8806367; Acosta, D. 1 Apollinari, G. 2 Arisaka, K. 3 Blomquist, J. 2 Breedon, R. 4 Bondar, N. 5 Bonushkin, Yu. 3 Borissov, E. 2 Bujak, A. 6 Bylsma, B. 7 Chester, N. 2 Chrisman, D. 8 Clare, R. 8 Cline, D. 3 Cousins, R. 3 Cox, T. 4 Dolinsky, S. 1 Durkin, S. 7 Eartly, D. 2 Ferguson, T. 9; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118440, New Physics Building, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA  4: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  5: St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia  6: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  7: The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  8: University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  9: Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 494 Issue 1/3, p504; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode strip; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radike, Martha
AU  - Warshawsky, David
AU  - Caruso, Joseph
AU  - Goth-Goldstein, Regine
AU  - Reilman, Raymond
AU  - Collins, Tyrone
AU  - Yaeger, Marlene
AU  - Wang, Jiansheng
AU  - Vela, Nohora
AU  - Olsen, Lisa
AU  - Schneider, Joanne
T1  - DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION OF A MIXTURE OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM, CHROMIUM, NICKEL, AND VANADIUM IN MOUSE SMALL INTESTINE, KIDNEYS, PANCREAS, AND FEMUR FOLLOWING ORAL ADMINISTRATION IN WATER OR FEED.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
Y1  - 2002/11/24/
VL  - 65
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 2029
EP  - 2052
SN  - 15287394
AB  - Manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites are contaminated with coal tar and may contain metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and vanadium (V). These metals are known to cause cancer or other adverse health conditions in humans, and the extent and cost of remediating MGP sites may be influenced by the presence of these metals. Studies assessed the distribution of these metals in female B6C3F1 mice ingesting (1) a metal mixture in water or (2) an MGP mixture in NIH-31 feed. The highest metal levels were measured in the small intestine and kidneys of mice receiving the metal mixture in water. For mice receiving the metal mixture in water, levels of As, Cd, and Cr, in the small intestine, levels of As, Cd, Cr, and V in the kidneys, levels of As and Cd in the pancreas, and levels of Cr and V in the femur were significantly greater than controls at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 wk. Except for Ni levels in the small intestine and femur and Cr levels in the kidneys, levels of metals were much lower in mice administered the MGP mixture in feed. The highest concentrations of metals in mice ingesting the MGP mixture in feed were found in the small intestine and kidneys, but few were significantly greater than controls. Levels of As in the small intestine at 6 and 18 wk and levels of Cr in the kidneys at 12, 18, and 24 wk were significantly greater than in controls. The data suggest that tissue burdens in small intestine, kidneys, pancreas, and femur of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and vanadium are less when metals are present as an MGP mixture in feed than as a mixture in water. The reduced distribution and accumulation of metals in the organs of mice ingesting the MGP mixture in feed compared to the levels in organs of mice ingesting the metal mixture in water suggests that metals may be less likely to accumulate in humans ingesting MGP mixtures, thereby presenting a lower overall human health risk. The data presented indicate that the matrix in which metals are present will affect the uptake of individual metals and the organ specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTAMINATION of drinking water
KW  - FOOD contamination
KW  - METALS
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION
N1  - Accession Number: 8526335; Radike, Martha 1 Warshawsky, David 1 Caruso, Joseph 2 Goth-Goldstein, Regine 3 Reilman, Raymond 1 Collins, Tyrone 1 Yaeger, Marlene 1 Wang, Jiansheng 2 Vela, Nohora 2 Olsen, Lisa 2 Schneider, Joanne 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 65 Issue 23, p2029; Subject Term: CONTAMINATION of drinking water; Subject Term: FOOD contamination; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: BIOACCUMULATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00984100290071324
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, Feng
AU  - Zhao, Hui
AU  - P. Sekulic, Dusan
AU  - Qian, Yiyu
AU  - Walker, Larry
T1  - Solid state Si diffusion and joint formation involving aluminum brazing sheet
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2002/11/25/
VL  - 337
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 228
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The paper provides information about the use of in situ determined diffusion coefficients of silicon for modeling of a brazed joint formation, i.e. formation of the equilibrium surface of a molten Al+xSi alloy at the onset of solidification in the joint. Diffusion coefficients of Si were determined (within both the joint and/or residue zone) to analyze its migration across the clad–core interface of an Al brazing sheet, including both the period prior to reaching brazing temperature range, and the peak brazing temperature range. Subsequently, diffusion coefficients were used to predict the joint formation during brazing. Migration of silicon is not uniform along the clad–core interface during brazing and depends, in addition to material characteristics and process parameters, on the vicinity of the joint zone. It is argued that, due to these alterations, the joint formation modeling must be performed by using in situ determined diffusion coefficients. The diffusion coefficients determined directly from electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) scans at different locations along the cladding sheet and within the joint zone differ between each other and when compared to the literature data. This variation influences the outcome of the residue formation modeling; hence the joint formation modeling may be affected. The relation between these phenomena is briefly discussed and quantitative data regarding diffusion coefficients, and in particular an approach to utilization of these data in modeling of joint formation, are provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - BRAZING
KW  - Controlled atmosphere brazing
KW  - diffusion coefficient (Al–Si)
KW  - Electron probe microanalysis
KW  - Joint formation
KW  - Modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 7855255; Gao, Feng 1 Zhao, Hui 1 P. Sekulic, Dusan 1; Email Address: sekulicd@engr.uky.edu Qian, Yiyu 2 Walker, Larry 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Robotics and Manufacturing Systems, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA  2: National Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Production Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China  3: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 337 Issue 1/2, p228; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: BRAZING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Controlled atmosphere brazing; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion coefficient (Al–Si); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron probe microanalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Joint formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Murayama, Hitoshi
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
T1  - Wilson lines and symmetry breaking on orbifolds
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2002/11/25/
VL  - 645
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Gauge symmetry breaking by boundary conditions on a manifold is known to be equivalent to Wilson-line breaking through a background gauge field, and is therefore spontaneous. These equivalent pictures are related by a non-periodic gauge transformation. However, we find that boundary condition gauge symmetry breaking on orbifolds is explicit; there is no gauge where all the breaking can be attributed to a background gauge field. In the case of a five-dimensional <f>SU(5)</f> grand unified theory on <f>S1/Z2</f>, the vacuum with gauge symmetry broken to <f>SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1)</f> and that with <f>SU(5)</f> preserved are completely disconnected: there is no physical process which causes tunneling between the two. This allows a certain localized explicit breaking of <f>SU(5)</f> on one of the orbifold fixed points in the theory with <f>SU(5)</f> breaking. Split multiplets on this fixed point are shown not to induce violations of unitarity in scattering amplitudes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORBIFOLDS
KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - 12.60.-i
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 7912164; Hall, Lawrence J. 1,2 Murayama, Hitoshi 1,2 Nomura, Yasunori 1,2; Email Address: yasunori@thsrv.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 50A-5101, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 645 Issue 1/2, p85; Subject Term: ORBIFOLDS; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.-i; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, Xiaofeng
AU  - Zha, Hongyuan
AU  - H.Q. Ding, Chris
AU  - D. Simon, Horst
T1  - Web document clustering using hyperlink structures
JO  - Computational Statistics & Data Analysis
JF  - Computational Statistics & Data Analysis
Y1  - 2002/11/28/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 01679473
AB  - With the exponential growth of information on the World Wide Web, there is great demand for developing efficient methods for effectively organizing the large amount of retrieved information. Document clustering plays an important role in information retrieval and taxonomy management for the Web. In this paper we examine three clustering methods: K-means, multi-level METIS, and the recently developed normalized-cut method using a new approach of combining textual information, hyperlink structure and co-citation relations into a single similarity metric. We found the normalized-cut method with the new similarity metric is particularly effective, as demonstrated on three datasets of web query results. We also explore some theoretical connections between the normalized-cut method and the K-means method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Statistics & Data Analysis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WORLD Wide Web
KW  - INFORMATION retrieval
KW  - Cheeger constant
KW  - Clustering method
KW  - Eigenvalue decomposition
KW  - Graph partitioning
KW  - K-means method
KW  - Link structure
KW  - Normalized cut method
KW  - Similarity metric
KW  - World Wide Web
N1  - Accession Number: 7919342; He, Xiaofeng 1,2; Email Address: xhe@cse.psu.edu Zha, Hongyuan 1; Email Address: zha@cse.psu.edu H.Q. Ding, Chris 2; Email Address: chqding@lbl.gov D. Simon, Horst 2; Email Address: hdsimon@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  2: NERSC Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: WORLD Wide Web; Subject Term: INFORMATION retrieval; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cheeger constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clustering method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eigenvalue decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graph partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: K-means method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Link structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Normalized cut method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Similarity metric; Author-Supplied Keyword: World Wide Web; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fodor, Imola K.
AU  - Kamath, Chandrika
T1  - Dimension reduction techniques and the classification of bent double galaxies
JO  - Computational Statistics & Data Analysis
JF  - Computational Statistics & Data Analysis
Y1  - 2002/11/28/
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 01679473
AB  - As data mining gains acceptance in the analysis of massive data sets, it is becoming clear that there is a need for algorithms that can handle not only the massive size, but also the high dimensionality of the data. Certain pattern recognition algorithms can become computationally intractable when the number of features reaches hundreds or even thousands, while others can break down if there are large correlations among the features. A common solution to these problems is to reduce the dimension, either in conjunction with the pattern recognition algorithm or independent of it.We describe how dimension reduction techniques can be applied in the context of a specific data mining application, namely, the classification of radio-galaxies with a bent double morphology. We discuss certain statistical and exploratory data analysis methods to reduce the number of features, and the subsequent improvements in the performance of decision tree and generalized linear model classifiers. We show that a careful extraction and selection of features is necessary for the successful application of data mining techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Statistics & Data Analysis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA mining
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - Classification
KW  - Data mining
KW  - Decision trees
KW  - Dimension reduction
KW  - Exploratory data analysis
KW  - Feature selection
KW  - Generalized linear models
N1  - Accession Number: 7919347; Fodor, Imola K.; Email Address: fodor1@llnl.gov Kamath, Chandrika 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 808 L-560, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p91; Subject Term: DATA mining; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Classification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data mining; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decision trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimension reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exploratory data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Feature selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Generalized linear models; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, Larry H.
AU  - Schild, David
T1  - Recombinational DNA repair and human disease
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2002/11/30/
VL  - 509
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 00275107
AB  - We review the genes and proteins related to the homologous recombinational repair (HRR) pathway that are implicated in cancer through either genetic disorders that predispose to cancer through chromosome instability or the occurrence of somatic mutations that contribute to carcinogenesis. Ataxia telangiectasia (AT), Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS), and an ataxia-like disorder (ATLD), are chromosome instability disorders that are defective in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), NBS, and Mre11 genes, respectively. These genes are critical in maintaining cellular resistance to ionizing radiation (IR), which kills largely by the production of double-strand breaks (DSBs). Bloom syndrome involves a defect in the BLM helicase, which seems to play a role in restarting DNA replication forks that are blocked at lesions, thereby promoting chromosome stability. The Werner syndrome gene (WRN) helicase, another member of the RecQ family like BLM, has very recently been found to help mediate homologous recombination. Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically complex chromosomal instability disorder involving seven or more genes, one of which is BRCA2. FA may be at least partially caused by the aberrant production of reactive oxidative species. The breast cancer-associated BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins are strongly implicated in HRR; BRCA2 associates with Rad51 and appears to regulate its activity. We discuss in detail the phenotypes of the various mutant cell lines and the signaling pathways mediated by the ATM kinase. ATM’s phosphorylation targets can be grouped into oxidative stress-mediated transcriptional changes, cell cycle checkpoints, and recombinational repair. We present the DNA damage response pathways by using the DSB as the prototype lesion, whose incorrect repair can initiate and augment karyotypic abnormalities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOME abnormalities
KW  - ATAXIA telangiectasia
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - Ataxia telangiectasia
KW  - Bloom syndrome
KW  - BRCA1
KW  - BRCA2
KW  - Chromosomal instability
KW  - Fanconi anemia
KW  - Werner syndrome
N1  - Accession Number: 7789562; Thompson, Larry H. 1; Email Address: thompson14@llnl.gov Schild, David 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory L-441, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 509 Issue 1/2, p49; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME abnormalities; Subject Term: ATAXIA telangiectasia; Subject Term: DNA repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ataxia telangiectasia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bloom syndrome; Author-Supplied Keyword: BRCA1; Author-Supplied Keyword: BRCA2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosomal instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fanconi anemia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Werner syndrome; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nordahl, Thomas E.
AU  - Salo, Ruth
AU  - Possin, Kate
AU  - Gibson, David R.
AU  - Flynn, Neil
AU  - Leamon, Martin
AU  - Galloway, Gantt P.
AU  - Pfefferbaum, Adolf
AU  - Spielman, Daniel M.
AU  - Adalsteinsson, Elfar
AU  - Sullivan, Edith V.
T1  - Low N-acetyl-aspartate and high choline in the anterior cingulum of recently abstinent methamphetamine-dependent subjects: a preliminary proton MRS study
JO  - Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section
JF  - Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section
Y1  - 2002/11/30/
VL  - 116
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 09254927
AB  - Studies based on animal models report that methamphetamine (MA) abuse diminishes dopamine (DA) and serotonin innervation in frontal brain regions. In this in vivo human study, we used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), which yields measures of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), a marker of living neurons, to examine frontal brain regions possibly affected by methamphetamine dependence (MD). We tested the hypothesis that MD subjects would exhibit abnormally low levels of NAA, referenced to creatine (Cr), in anterior cingulate gray matter. We further hypothesized that the primary visual cortex, which receives relatively less DA innervation than the frontal brain regions, would show normal NAA/Cr ratios in MD subjects. Subjects included nine MD men (mean±standard deviation (S.D.)=32.5±6.4 years) and nine age-matched control men (mean±S.D.=32.7±6.8 years). The MD subjects were MA-free for 4–13 weeks. Proton MRS metabolites were expressed as ratios of creatine; the absolute values of which did not distinguish controls and MD subjects. With regard to metabolite ratios, the MD men had significantly lower NAA/Cr in the cingulum (mean±standard error (S.E.): control=1.46±0.03; MD=1.30±0.03; Mann–Whitney P=0.01) but not in the visual cortex (mean±S.E.: control=1.64±0.06; MD=1.69±11; Mann–Whitney P=0.52) relative to controls. These results provide evidence for NAA/Cr deficit that is selective to the anterior cingulum, at least with respect to visual cortex, in MD subjects. The neuronal compromise that these changes reflect may contribute to the attentional deficits and dampened reward system in MD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHAMPHETAMINE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Anterior cingulum
KW  - Choline
KW  - Imaging
KW  - Methamphetamine
KW  - MRS
KW  - N-acetyl-aspartate
N1  - Accession Number: 7921456; Nordahl, Thomas E. 1,2; Email Address: tenordahl@ucdavis.edu Salo, Ruth 1,3 Possin, Kate 4 Gibson, David R. 5 Flynn, Neil 5 Leamon, Martin 1 Galloway, Gantt P. 6 Pfefferbaum, Adolf 4,7 Spielman, Daniel M. 8 Adalsteinsson, Elfar 8 Sullivan, Edith V. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA, USA  4: Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA  5: Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA  6: Haight-Ashbury Free Clinics, San Francisco, CA, USA  7: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA  8: Lucas MRS Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2002, Vol. 116 Issue 1/2, p43; Subject Term: METHAMPHETAMINE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anterior cingulum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Choline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methamphetamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRS; Author-Supplied Keyword: N-acetyl-aspartate; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dmitriev, A.
AU  - Popov, G.
AU  - Degtyarev, V.
AU  - Chudnenko, S.
AU  - Reeves, G.
T1  - Mini-belt as a fine spatial structure of the outer radiation belt in quiet and disturbed conditions
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 30
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2855
SN  - 02731177
AB  - Electron flux data from LANL geostationary spacecrafts were statistically treated and ordered in a special magnetic coordinate system (effective L-coordinate and MLT). The data treating procedure allowed to obtain the dynamics of quasi-trapped electrons of different energies on effective L-shells ranging from 6.6 to 7.0. It was found that in quiet conditions a stable fine spatial structure of quasi-trapped electrons exists with maximum of fluxes near <F>L = 6.78</F> and <F>MLT=12</F>. This structure may be looked at as an asymmetrical “mini-belt”. The position of the maximum depends on electron energy and changes with magnetic activity. The dynamics of this mini-belt for both quiet and disturbed periods is illustrated and discussed. During isolated magnetic storms the mini-belt maximum shifts in a regular manner outward and inward; a diffusion wave of quasi-trapped particles propagates from outside of the geostationary orbit and serves as a source of new particles for the mini-belt. The azimuthal geometry of this diffusion wave extracted from experimental data is illustrated. The possible role of the “mini-belt” is discussed in relation with well-known “anomalous” dynamics of the inner radiation belt. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOSTATIONARY satellites
KW  - MAGNETIC storms
N1  - Accession Number: 9288323; Dmitriev, A. 1 Popov, G. 2 Degtyarev, V. 3 Chudnenko, S. 3 Reeves, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow 119899, Russia  2: Irkutsk State Economics Academy, 11 Lenin str., Irkutsk 664015, Russia  3: Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, P.O. Box 4026, Irkutsk 664033, Russia  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NIS-2, Mail Stop D-436, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 30 Issue 12, p2855; Subject Term: GEOSTATIONARY satellites; Subject Term: MAGNETIC storms; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Wei-Jian
AU  - Stocker, Roland
AU  - McCall, Mark R.
AU  - Forte, Trudy M.
AU  - Frei, Balz
T1  - Lack of inhibitory effect of HDL on TNFα-induced adhesion molecule expression in human aortic endothelial cells
JO  - Atherosclerosis (00219150)
JF  - Atherosclerosis (00219150)
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 00219150
AB  - Monocyte adhesion to and transmigration across the endothelium are initiating steps in atherogenesis. Cytokine-induced adhesion molecule expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) has been reported to be inhibited by either native HDL or reconstituted discoidal HDL (rHDL). In the present study we investigated these putative anti-atherosclerotic effects of HDL and rHDL in a more physiologically relevant cell type, i.e. human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). HDL isolated by ultracentrifugation from eleven healthy subjects or rHDL made with apoA-I and either 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PLPC), or 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine was incubated for 16 h with HAEC prior to stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα, 100 U/ml). Expression of E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was measured by cell ELISA and Northern blot analysis. HDL (0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg protein/ml) failed to significantly inhibit TNFα-induced mRNA and protein expression of all three adhesion molecules. Furthermore, of the three rHDL preparations (16 μmol/l apoA-I) only that containing the polyunsaturated PLPC significantly reduced TNFα-induced VCAM-1 expression (by 29.9±9.1%). These data contrast with previously reported results using plasma HDL and HUVEC, and show that human HDL and rHDL, except for PLPC-rHDL, are ineffective inhibitors of TNFα-induced adhesion molecule expression in HAEC. The ability of polyunsaturated phospholipids in HDL to affect endothelial activation remains to be further investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atherosclerosis (00219150) is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH density lipoproteins
KW  - CELL adhesion molecules
KW  - ATHEROSCLEROSIS
KW  - Adhesion molecules
KW  - Atherosclerosis
KW  - Endothelial cells
KW  - High density lipoprotein
KW  - Reconstituted high density lipoprotein
N1  - Accession Number: 7921484; Zhang, Wei-Jian 1; Email Address: weijian.zhang@orst.edu Stocker, Roland 2; Email Address: r.stocker@unsw.edu.au McCall, Mark R. 1 Forte, Trudy M. 3; Email Address: tmforte@lbl.gov Frei, Balz 1; Email Address: balz.frei@orst.edu; Affiliation:  1: Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 571 Weniger Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  2: Centre for Thrombosis and Vascular Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia  3: Department of Molecular and Nuclear Medicine, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 165 Issue 2, p241; Subject Term: HIGH density lipoproteins; Subject Term: CELL adhesion molecules; Subject Term: ATHEROSCLEROSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atherosclerosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Endothelial cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: High density lipoprotein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reconstituted high density lipoprotein; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
AU  - Tanner, Roger L.
T1  - Characterization of ultrafine and fine particles at a site near the Great Smoky Mountains National Park
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 5795
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Continuous measurements were taken during a 22-day campaign held in the summer of 2000 at a site close to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in eastern Tennessee. The campaign was conducted to investigate the relationships between ultrafine/fine particles and gaseous species observed. A varimax-rotation factor analysis was performed to explore the relationship of the fine and ultrafine particle number concentrations, the gaseous species concentration, the mean wind speed, and the solar radiation. A 6-factor model was found to best resolve 79.7% of the variability embedded in the data. The model suggests that 31.4% of the data variability could be explained by ultrafine particles (the diameters smaller than or equal to 100 nm). It was difficult to label this factor without chemistry information of the ultrafine particles. However, no gas species were loaded on Factor 1 indicating the ultrafine particles observed in this study were not associated with primary source emissions. The decoupling of the ultrafine particles from the fine particles also implies that the former ones might have been produced and transported to the site by separated mechanisms from those of fine particles. The second factor included the PM2.5 mass concentration and the number concentrations of particles in the diameter range of 101–400 nm. The loading pattern on Factor 2 led to the conclusion that this factor was contributed by regional transport. The third factor includes CO, NO2, reactive odd nitrogen (NOy), and SO2 that were contributed by primary source emissions. The mean wind speed and ozone were loaded in Factor 4 that was labeled as ozone transport. Identification of this factor led to an observation that ozone transport to the site was essentially decoupled from the regional transport factor of fine particles (i.e., Factor 2). Solar radiation was singly included in the fifth factor indicating this is a unique factor. The quality of NO data was marginal and the variable was distilled by the model into Factor 6. A multiple regression analysis further indicated that PM2.5 mass concentration was best explained by CO, O3, and number concentrations of particles in the diameter range between 0.1 and 0.4 μm. We also identified two unique events during the campaign in which the number concentrations of 31–51 nm particles dramatically increased by a factor of 10 in 30 min, reaching 40,000 cm−3 and lasting for a couple of hours. Particles in the size range just below and above those in the 31–51 nm diameter range also exhibited increases during these events, but the changes were much less dramatic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - FACTOR analysis
KW  - GREAT Smoky Mountains National Park (N.C. & Tenn.)
KW  - Factor analysis
KW  - Source–receptor relationships
KW  - The Great Smoky Mountains National Park
KW  - Ultrafine and fine particles
N1  - Accession Number: 7786471; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov Tanner, Roger L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, Mail Stop 6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA  2: Tennessee Valley Authority, Environmental Research Center, Muscle Shoals, AL 35662, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 36 Issue 38, p5795; Subject Term: BULK solids; Subject Term: FACTOR analysis; Subject Term: GREAT Smoky Mountains National Park (N.C. & Tenn.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Factor analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source–receptor relationships; Author-Supplied Keyword: The Great Smoky Mountains National Park; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafine and fine particles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Yiwen
AU  - Wesely, M.L.
AU  - Pierce, T.E.
T1  - Estimates of biogenic emissions using satellite observations and influence of isoprene emission on O3 formation over the eastern United States
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 5819
SN  - 13522310
AB  - A biogenic emissions model for isoprene, monoterpenes, and nitric oxide has been developed with algorithms that rely on normalized difference vegetative index values derived from satellite remote sensing data to infer leaf area index. The model obtains emission factors from the Biogenic Emission Inventory System (BEIS). This biogenic emissions model, combined with a dry deposition model, was applied with environmental variable values supplied by MM5 (the fifth-generation Mesoscale Model). The modeled temporal variations and spatial distributions of the surface emissions rates of isoprene, monoterpenes, and nitric oxide the eastern US agreed well with reported simulations, measurements, and inferences. Use of the satellite data generates considerable detail in the spatial patterns, high temporal resolution, and a smooth seasonal variation in the emission rates. The new biogenic emissions model was used with a photochemistry modeling system to infer ozone (O3) concentrations in the lower troposphere above the eastern United States for a two-day case in July 1995, which had O3 episodes studied previously by the Ozone Transport Assessment Group. Compared to the results from the OTAG application of BEIS2, the satellite-data-derived isoprene emissions were slightly lower in the northeastern United States, which resulted in smaller values of O3 concentration and were 3–4 times higher in southeastern mixed forests, which had little impact on O3 except near strong NOx emission sources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - ISOPRENE
KW  - MONOTERPENES
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - Biogenic emissions
KW  - Isoprene
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Remote sensing
N1  - Accession Number: 7786473; Xu, Yiwen 1 Wesely, M.L. 1; Email Address: mlwesely@anl.gov Pierce, T.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Research Triangle, Park, NC 27711, USA; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 36 Issue 38, p5819; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: ISOPRENE; Subject Term: MONOTERPENES; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogenic emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isoprene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remote sensing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Träbert, E.
T1  - Precise atomic lifetime measurements with stored ion beams and ion traps.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 80
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1481
EP  - 1501
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - For many years, atomic lifetime measurements on multiply-charged ions have been done almost exclusively by beam-foil spectroscopy. For low ion charges, however, spin-changing "intercombination" transitions have a rate that renders them too slow for traditional fast-beam techniques. Here ion traps and fast-ion beams have been combined in the concept of heavy-ion storage rings. These devices have permitted not only an extension of intercombination lifetime measurements down to singly charged ions, but they also facilitated similar measurements on electric-dipole forbidden transitions. The electron-beam ion trap (EBIT) complements the storage-ring work for work on highly charged ions. Achievements, technical issues, and prospects are outlined.PACS Nos.: 32.70Cs, 32.30Jc, 34.50FaDepuis plusieurs années, les mesures de durée de vie dans les ions multi-chargés ont été effectuées presque exclusivement par la spectroscopie faisceau-lame (« beam-foil »). Cependant, pour les ions faiblement chargés, les transitions « inter-système » qui impliquent un changement de spin sont trop lentes pour permettre leur mesure par des techniques conventionnelles qui utilisent les faisceaux rapides. Dans de tels cas, les techniques des faisceaux d'ions rapides et des pièges ioniques ont été combinés dans les anneaux de stockage d'ions lourds. Grace à ces dispositifs on a pu mesurer des durées de vie qui impliquent des transitions inter-système allant jusqu'aux ions simplement chargés ainsi que des transitions interdites par les règles de sélection dipolaires électriques. Le piège ionique faisceau d'électrons (« EBIT : electron-beam ion trap ») est une technique complémentaire pour les ions fortement chargés. Les résultats obtenus jusqu'à date, des aspects techniques ainsi que des perspectives d'avenir seront discutés. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Depuis plusieurs années, les mesures de durée de vie dans les ions multi-chargés ont été effectuées presque exclusivement par la spectroscopie faisceau-lame (≤≤beam-foil ≥≥).Cependant, pour les ions faiblement chargés, les transitions ≤≤inter-système ≥≥qui impliquent un changement de spin sont trop lentes pour permettre leur mesure par des techniques conventionnelles qui utilisent les faisceaux rapides. Dans de tels cas, les techniques des faisceaux d'ions rapides et des pièges ioniques ont été combinés dans les anneaux de stockage d'ions lourds. Grace à ces dispositifs on a pu mesurer des durées de vie qui impliquent des transitions inter-système allant jusqu'aux ions simplement chargés ainsi que des transitions interdites par les règles de sélection dipolaires électriques. Le piège ionique faisceau d'électrons (≤≤ EBIT : electron-beam ion trap ≥≥) est une technique complémentaire pour les ions fortement chargés. Les résultats obtenus jusqu'à date, des aspects techniquesainsi que des perspectives d'avenir seront discutés. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Ions
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 10535419; Träbert, E. 1; Email Address: traebert@ep3.ruhr-uni-bochum.de; Affiliations: 1: Experimentaiphysik III, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany, and Division of Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 80 Issue 12, p1481; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Electrons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/P02-123
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Utter, S.B.
AU  - Beiersdorter, P.
AU  - Träbert, E.
T1  - Electron-beam ion-trap spectra of tungsten in the EUV.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 80
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1503
EP  - 1515
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - At the Livermore electron-beam ion-trap facility, extreme-ultraviolet spectra of tungsten have been recorded in the wavelength range 40–85 Å. The electron-beam energy was varied systematically to identify the individual spectra of Rb-like W[sup 37+] to Cu-like W[sup 45+] . About 60 spectral features have been identified.PACS Nos.: 32.30Rj, 39.30+w, 31.50+wOn a varié systematiquement l'energie du faisceaux des electrons dans un piège ionique à faisceaux electronique pour la production des spectra rayon X (40 à 85 Å) des ions isoélectroniques de Rb (W[sup 37+] ) à Cu (W[sup 45+] ). Guidé par des calculs relativistiques de la structure atomique, on a identifié près de 60 des transitions. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - On a varié systematiquement l'energie du faisceaux des electrons dans un piège ionique à faisceaux electronique pour la production des spectra rayon X (40 à 85 Å) desions isoélectroniques de Rb (W[SUP37+]) à Cu (W[SUP45+]). Guidé par des calculs relativistiques de la structure atomique, on a identifié près de 60 des transitions. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Wavelength division multiplexing
N1  - Accession Number: 10535420; Utter, S.B. 1; Beiersdorter, P. 1; Träbert, E. 1; Email Address: traebert@ep3.ruhr-uni-bochum.de; Affiliations: 1: Division of Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 80 Issue 12, p1503; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Electrons; Subject Term: Wavelength division multiplexing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/P02-132
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - López-Urrutia, J.R. Crespo
AU  - Beiersdorter, P.
AU  - Widmann, K.
AU  - Decaux, V.
T1  - Visible spectrum of highly charged ions: The forbidden optical lines of Kr, Xe, and Ba ions in the Ar I to Kr I isoelectronic sequence.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 80
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1687
EP  - 1700
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - We present experimental data on visible transitions in highly charged ions observed in the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) electron beam ion traps, including results from lines within the ground-state configuration and the first excited configuration. Measurements of lines produced by Kr (q = 11+ to 22+), Xe (q = 18+ to 35+), and Ba (q = 28+ to 36+) ions, corresponding mainly to 3s[sup l] 3p[sup m] 3d[sup n] configurations, were carried out. The ionization stages were determined experimentally by sweeping the electron beam energy over the ionization threshold of each species. We propose possible identifications for the lines with the help of simple atomic structure calculations. However, most observed lines remained unidentified, demonstrating that the understanding of visible spectra from highly charged ions, even if obtained under nearly "ideal" experimental conditions, is still in its infancy. These spectral data may be useful for the diagnostics of magnetically confined plasmas and may set the stage for future measurements of radiative lifetimes. In our experiments, we used the emission from visible lines to image the intersection of the electron beam with a beam of neutral atoms injected into the trap at a right angle as well as the ion cloud in the trap. Under some conditions, the diameter of the ion cloud may be an order of magnitude larger than that of the electron beam. ACS Nos.: 32.30Jc, 39.30+w, 52.59RzNous présentons des résultats expérimentaux sur des transitions dans le visible d'ions hautement chargés, telles qu'observées dans des pièges ioniques à faisceau électronique, incluant des résultats de lignes présentes dans les configurations du fondamental et du premier niveau excité. Nous avons mesuré des lignes produites par du Kr (q = 11+ à 22+), du Xe (q = 18+ à 35+) et du Ba (q = 28+ à 36+), correspondant surtout aux configurations 3s[sup l] 3p[sup m] 3d[sup n] . Le niveau d'ionisation est déterminé expérimentalement par un balayage en énergie du faisceau électronique au dessus du seuil d'ionisation de chaque type d'ion. Sur la base de calculs simples de structure atomique, nous proposons une identification possible des lignes. Cependant, la majorité des lignes demeure sans identification, démontrant que nous en sommes encore aux balbutiements dans l'identification des lignes dans le visible provenant d'ions hautement chargés, même dans des conditions expérimentales idéales. Ces données spectrales peuvent être utiles dans le diagnostique de plasmas confinés et mettent la table pour de futures mesures de temps de vie radiatifs. Dans notre montage, nous utilisons les émissions dans le visible pour imager l'intersection entre le faisceau électronique et le faisceau d'ions neutres injectés à angle droit aussi bien que le nuage ionique dans le piège. Dans ces conditions, le diamètre du nuage ionique peut être un ordre de grandeur plus grand que le faisceau électronique.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Nous présentons des résultats expérimentaux sur des transitions dans le visible d'ions hautement chargés, telles qu'observées dans des pièges ioniques à faisceau électronique, incluant des résultats de lignes présentes dans les configurations du fondamental et du premier niveau excité. Nous avons mesuré des lignes produites par du Kr (q = 11+à 22+), du Xe (q = 18+ à 35+) et du Ba (q = 28+ à 36+), correspondant surtout aux configurations 3s[SUPl] 3p[SUPm] 3d[SUPn]. Le niveau d'ionisation est déterminé expérimentalement par un balayage en énergie du faisceau électronique au dessus du seuil d'ionisation de chaque type d'ion. Sur la base de calculs simples de structure atomique, nous proposons une identification possible des lignes. Cependant, la majorité des lignes demeure sans identification, démontrant que nous en sommes encore aux balbutiements dans l'identification des lignes dans le visible provenant d'ions hautement chargés, même dans des conditions expérimentales idéales. Ces données spectrales peuvent être utiles dans le diagnostique de plasmas confinés et mettent la table pour de futures mesures de temps de vie radiatifs. Dans notre montage, nous utilisons les émissions dans le visible pour imager l'intersection entre le faisceau électronique et le faisceau d'ions neutres injectés à angle droit aussi bien que le nuage ionique dans le piège. Dans ces conditions, le diamètre du nuage ionique peut être un ordre de grandeur plus grand que le faisceau électronique. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Ions
KW  - Electron beams
KW  - Ionization (Atomic physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10535421; López-Urrutia, J.R. Crespo 1; Beiersdorter, P. 1; Email Address: beiersdorfer@llnl.gov; Widmann, K. 1; Decaux, V. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O.B. 808, Livermore, CA 94551, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 80 Issue 12, p1687; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Subject Term: Electron beams; Subject Term: Ionization (Atomic physics); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/P02-080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krumpelt, M.
AU  - Krause, T.R.
AU  - Carter, J.D.
AU  - Kopasz, J.P.
AU  - Ahmed, S.
T1  - Fuel processing for fuel cell systems in transportation and portable power applications
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 77
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Small fuel cell systems in the 1–100 kW power range have become the focus of intense R&D activities. Applications envisioned for such systems include primary propulsion power for passenger cars and light-duty vehicles, auxiliary power for trucks and heavy-duty vehicles (for operator quality-of-life and housekeeping needs) and portable power generation for residential and recreational use. The operating mode of these small fuel cell systems differs dramatically from that of larger fuel cell systems (100–1000 kW) designed for utility power generation. These small systems will operate over a wide load range, with only brief periods at full power, considerable time at 30–50% of the rated power, and relatively frequent shutoffs and restarts. The lack of an infrastructure for producing and distributing H2 has led to a research effort to develop on-board fuel processing technology for reforming hydrocarbon fuels to generate H2. Existing reforming technology used in large-scale manufacturing operations, such as ammonia synthesis, is cost prohibitive when scaled down to the size of these small systems. Furthermore, these large reforming systems are designed to operate at a constant production rate and with infrequent shutoffs and restarts. In this paper, we provide an overview of the reforming options for generating H2 from hydrocarbon fuels, the development of new reforming catalysts, and the design of fuel processors for these small fuel cell systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - Auto thermal reforming
KW  - Fuel cell systems
KW  - Fuel processing
KW  - Portable power applications
KW  - Transportation
N1  - Accession Number: 8564720; Krumpelt, M.; Email Address: krumpelt@cmt.anl.gov Krause, T.R. 1 Carter, J.D. 1 Kopasz, J.P. 1 Ahmed, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 77 Issue 1/2, p3; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Auto thermal reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Portable power applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transportation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chin, Ya-Huei
AU  - Dagle, Robert
AU  - Hu, Jianli
AU  - Dohnalkova, Alice C.
AU  - Wang, Yong
T1  - Steam reforming of methanol over highly active Pd/ZnO catalyst
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 77
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Pd/ZnO catalysts were investigated for steam reforming of methanol. Unlike precious metal-based catalysts, Pd/ZnO catalysts not only exhibited high activity, but more importantly very low selectivity to CO for methanol steam reforming. Under the conditions examined, the decomposition activity is minimal. The novel function is attributed to the formation of highly structured Pd–Zn alloy at moderate temperatures under mild reducing environments. The current catalytic system was characterized by TPR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), H2 chemisorption, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - PALLADIUM catalysts
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - Bimetallic catalyst
KW  - Hydrogen production
KW  - Palladium
KW  - PdZn alloy
KW  - Zinc oxide catalyst
N1  - Accession Number: 8564724; Chin, Ya-Huei; Email Address: ya-huei.chin@pnl.gov Dagle, Robert 1 Hu, Jianli 1 Dohnalkova, Alice C. 1 Wang, Yong 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard MSIN: K8-93, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 77 Issue 1/2, p79; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: PALLADIUM catalysts; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bimetallic catalyst; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: PdZn alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zinc oxide catalyst; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dong, S.M.
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
AU  - Schwab, S.T.
AU  - Snead, L.L.
T1  - Microstructural evolution and mechanical performances of SiC/SiC composites by polymer impregnation/microwave pyrolysis (PIMP) process
JO  - Ceramics International
JF  - Ceramics International
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 28
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 899
SN  - 02728842
AB  - SiC/SiC composites were prepared by polymer impregnation/microwave pyrolysis (PIMP) process, and their microstructural evolution and the mechanical performances were characterized. Using non-coated Tyranno SA fiber preforms as reinforcement and impregnation with only allylperhydropolycarbosilane (AHPCS) into the preforms, Tyranno SA/SiC composite (TSA/SiC) with higher density was obtained. While using carbon-coated Tyranno SA fiber preforms, Tyranno SA/C/SiC composite (TSA/C/SiC) with lower density were also fabricated. In this composite, SiC particulate was loaded with polymer precursor (AHPCS) in the first cycle impregnation. Microstructural observation revealed that pore and crack formation was affected by processing conditions. Bending strength was also dependent on the microstructural evolution of the samples. In TSA/SiC composite, relatively strong interfaces contribute to effective load transfer so that higher bending strength could be reached. In the TSA/C/SiC composite, weak interfaces provide a relatively lower strength. Meanwhile, different microstructural evolution and interfacial properties of the composites lead to the variation of the fracture behaviors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - B. Composites
KW  - B. Microstructure-final
KW  - C. Mechanical properties
KW  - D. SiC
KW  - PIMP
N1  - Accession Number: 8781243; Dong, S.M. 1; Email Address: sm-dong@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp Katoh, Y. 1 Kohyama, A. 1 Schwab, S.T. 2 Snead, L.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: CREST-ACE, JST and Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  2: Thor Technologies, Inc. 7600 Jefferson NE, Suite 9-115, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA  3: Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6087, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p899; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Microstructure-final; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. SiC; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIMP; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Yang
AU  - Hsieh, Yuch-Ping
T1  - Uncertainties and novel prospects in the study of the soil carbon dynamics
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 49
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 791
SN  - 00456535
AB  - Establishment of the Kyoto Protocol has resulted in an effort to look towards living biomass and soils for carbon sequestration. In order for carbon credits to be meaningful, sustained carbon sequestration for decades or longer is required. It has been speculated that improved land management could result in sequestration of a substantial amount of carbon in soils within several decades and therefore can be an important option in reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration. However, evaluation of soil carbon sources and sinks is difficult because the dynamics of soil carbon storage and release is complex and still not well understood. There has been rapid development of quantitative techniques over the past two decades for measuring the component fluxes of the global carbon cycle and for studying the soil carbon cycle. Most significant development in the soil carbon cycle study is the application of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in radiocarbon measurements. This has made it possible to unravel rates of carbon cycling in soils, by studying natural levels of radiocarbon in soil organic matter and soil CO2. Despite the advances in the study of the soil carbon cycle in the recent decades, tremendous uncertainties exist in the sizes and turnover times of soil carbon pools. The uncertainties result from lack of standard methods and incomplete understanding of soil organic carbon dynamics, compounded by natural variability in soil carbon and carbon isotopic content even within the same ecosystem. Many fundamental questions concerning the dynamics of the soil carbon cycle have yet to be answered. This paper reviews and synthesizes the isotopic approaches to the study of the soil carbon cycle. We will focus on uncertainties and limitations associated with these approaches and point out areas where more research is needed to improve our understanding of this important component of the global carbon cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - CARBON sequestration
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - Radiocarbon
KW  - Soil carbon cycle
KW  - Soil CO2
KW  - Soil organic matter
KW  - Turnover time
N1  - Accession Number: 7883679; Wang, Yang 1; Email Address: ywang@magnet.fsu.edu Hsieh, Yuch-Ping 2; Affiliation:  1: Florida State University and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4100, USA  2: Wetland Ecology Program, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 49 Issue 8, p791; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: CARBON sequestration; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turnover time; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, Pinde
AU  - Rich, Paul M.
T1  - A geometric solar radiation model with applications in agriculture and forestry
JO  - Computers & Electronics in Agriculture
JF  - Computers & Electronics in Agriculture
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 01681699
AB  - Incoming solar radiation (insolation) is fundamental to most physical and biophysical processes because of its role in energy and water balance. We calculated insolation maps from digital elevation models, using an insolation model that accounts for atmospheric conditions, elevation, surface orientation, and influences of surrounding topography. Herein, we focus on the application of this insolation model for spatial interpolation of soil temperature measurements over complex topography at landscape scales. Existing interpolation techniques generally apply only at continental or broad regional scales and do not capture the high variation of finer scales. In our field study in the vicinity of the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, average soil temperature was correlated with insolation and elevation. Whereas daily minimum temperature was negatively correlated with elevation (r=−0.730, P<0.05), daily temperature change (maximum minus minimum) was positively correlated with daily insolation (r=0.504, P<0.01). We generated daily minimum and maximum soil temperature maps based on regression analyses. Residual variation was explained by factors such as vegetation cover. This application demonstrates the importance of characterizing spatial and temporal variation of insolation for studies of energy and water balance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Electronics in Agriculture is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Environmental modeling
KW  - Geographical information systems
KW  - GIS
KW  - Insolation
KW  - Solar radiation maps
KW  - Temperature maps
N1  - Accession Number: 8806497; Fu, Pinde 1; Email Address: pfu@esri.com; Rich, Paul M. 2; Email Address: pmr@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geography and Kansas Applied Remote Sensing Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; 2: Environmental Process and Spatial Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D452, EES-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 37 Issue 1-3, p25; Thesaurus Term: Geographic information systems; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Subject Term: Solar radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geographical information systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: GIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar radiation maps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature maps; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Ho-Myung
AU  - Choi, Yeon Suk
AU  - Van Sciver, Steven W.
T1  - Optimization of operating temperature in cryocooled HTS magnets for compactness and efficiency
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 42
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 787
SN  - 00112275
AB  - A new concept of thermal design to optimize the operating temperature of high temperature superconductor (HTS) magnets is presented, aiming simultaneously at small size and low energy consumption. The magnet systems considered here are refrigerated by a closed-cycle cryocooler, and liquid cryogens may or may not be used as a cooling medium. For a specific magnet application, the size of required HTS windings could be smaller at a lower temperature, by taking advantage of a greater critical current density of HTS. As the temperature decreases, however, the power input to the cryocooler increases dramatically because of the heavy cooling load and the poor refrigeration performance. Through a rigorous modeling and analysis incorporating the effect of magnet size into the load calculation, it is demonstrated that there exists an optimum for the operating temperature to minimize the power required. The optimal temperature is strongly dependent upon the magnitude of AC loss in the magnets and the assistance of heat interception. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - High <f>Tc</f> superconductors
KW  - Power applications
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9051327; Chang, Ho-Myung; Email Address: chang@magnet.fsu.edu Choi, Yeon Suk 1 Van Sciver, Steven W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 42 Issue 12, p787; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: High <f>Tc</f> superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Um, W.
AU  - Papelis, C.
T1  - Geochemical effects on colloid-facilitated metal transport through zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada Test Site.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 43
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 218
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Natural colloids were generated from zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and the effects of colloids on the transport of a strongly sorbing metal, lead [Pb(II)], were investigated in column experiments under different geochemical conditions. Because of the high sorption affinity of Pb(II) for zeolitized tuffs, the migration of Pb(II) without colloids was strongly retarded. The presence of mobile colloids, however, enhanced the mobility of Pb(II). Approximately 75–90% of the eluted Pb(II) was transported as a colloid-associated phase. The migration of colloids was closely related to the geochemical conditions in the background solution. Immobilization of colloids increased as the ionic strength of the background electrolyte solution increased, because of double layer compaction. Remobilization of initially deposited colloids occurred when the ionic strength of the background electrolyte solution was reduced. The mobility of colloids increased with increasing pH and increasing flow rates. These results have significant implications for the migration of strongly sorbing radionuclides and other metals at nuclear testing facilities and metal-contaminated sites and are consistent with the hypothesis that inorganic contaminant migration in the subsurface is a function of geochemical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Colloids
KW  - Hypothesis
KW  - Electrolytes
KW  - Nevada
KW  - Colloid-facilitated transport
KW  - Nevada Test Site (NTS)
KW  - Nevada Test Site (NTS), Nevada, USA
KW  - Pb(II)
KW  - Sorption
KW  - USA
KW  - Zeolitized tuffs
N1  - Accession Number: 16565361; Um, W. 1; Email Address: wooyong.um@pnl.gov; Papelis, C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K6-81, Richland, 99352 Washington, USA.; 2: Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 755 E. Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, 89119 Nevada, USA.; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 43 Issue 1/2, p209; Thesaurus Term: Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Subject Term: Colloids; Subject Term: Hypothesis; Subject Term: Electrolytes; Subject: Nevada; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colloid-facilitated transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nevada Test Site (NTS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Nevada Test Site (NTS), Nevada, USA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pb(II); Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: USA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolitized tuffs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-002-0646-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vogel, John S.
AU  - Keating II, Garrett A.
AU  - Buchholz, Bruce A.
T1  - Protein Binding of Isofluorophate in Vivo after Coexposure to Multiple Chemicals.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements
Y1  - 2002/12//Dec2002 Supplement 6
VL  - 110
M3  - Article
SP  - 1031
EP  - 1036
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 10780475
AB  - Full toxicologic profiles of chemical mixtures, including dose-response extrapolations to realistic exposures, is a prohibitive analytical problem, even for a restricted class of chemicals. We present an approach to probing in vivo interactions of pesticide mixtures at relevant tow doses using a monitor compound to report the response of biochemical pathways shared by mixture components. We use accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to quantify [[sup 14]C]-diisopropylfluorophosphate as a tracer at attomole levels with 1-5% precision after coexposures to parathion (PTN), permethrin (PER), and pyridostigmine bromide separately and in conjunction. Pyridostigmine shows an overall protective effect against tracer binding in plasma, red blood cells, muscle, and brain that is not explained as competitive protein binding. PTN and PER induce a significant 25-30% increase in the amount of tracer reaching the brain with or without pyridostigmine. The sensitivity of AMS for isotope-labeled tracer compounds can be used to probe the physiologic responses of specific biochemical pathways to multiple compound exposures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements is the property of Superintendent of Documents and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MIXTURES
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - DOSE-response relationship (Biochemistry)
KW  - accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - chemical mixture
KW  - diisopropylfluorophosphate
KW  - esterase
KW  - organophosphate
KW  - parathion
KW  - permethrin
KW  - pyrethroid
KW  - radioisotope
N1  - Accession Number: 9164220; Vogel, John S. 1; Email Address: jsvogel@llnl.gov Keating II, Garrett A. 1 Buchholz, Bruce A. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA; Source Info: Dec2002 Supplement 6, Vol. 110, p1031; Subject Term: MIXTURES; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Subject Term: DOSE-response relationship (Biochemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical mixture; Author-Supplied Keyword: diisopropylfluorophosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: esterase; Author-Supplied Keyword: organophosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: parathion; Author-Supplied Keyword: permethrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: pyrethroid; Author-Supplied Keyword: radioisotope; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 6165
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Felisa A.
AU  - Elliott, Scott
AU  - Blake, Donald R.
AU  - Rowland, F. Sherwood
T1  - Spatiotemporal variation of methane and other trace hydrocarbon concentrations in the Valley of Mexico
JO  - Environmental Science & Policy
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
SN  - 14629011
AB  - Mexico City is the world’s largest and most polluted urban center. We examine the distribution of methane and other hydrocarbons within the Valley of Mexico, using it as a model for the role developing megacities will play in the next century of geochemical cycling. Seventy-five whole air samples were analyzed with multivariate statistical techniques, including factor analysis using principal components. Methane concentrations are highly variable in space and time, due to air circulations and source distribution. Landfills and open sewage canals are major inputs. Emissions into and out from the valley are modeled to be ∼515 t per day. Per capita emission is 0.01 t per annum per person, consistent with the global average for human related anaerobic generation. Natural gas leaks are small, and likely to be higher in other developing megacities; Mexican natural gas use has been discouraged out of earthquake safety concerns. In contrast, liquefied petroleum gas loss constitutes the major emission of propane and butane estimated at a leak rate of 5–10%. Kyoto and other environmental conventions have ignored methane as a greenhouse gas. Our analysis underscores the need to consider methane and other hydrocarbons, and the urbanization process, in future emission protocols. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Policy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Factor analysis
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Mexico City (Mexico)
KW  - Climate forcing
KW  - Megacities
KW  - Mexico City
KW  - Source receptor analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 8578629; Smith, Felisa A. 1; Email Address: fasmith@unm.edu; Elliott, Scott 2; Email Address: selliott@kokopelli.lanl.gov; Blake, Donald R. 3; Rowland, F. Sherwood 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; 2: Atmospheric and Climate Sciences Group, Division of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Department of Chemistry, Rowland Hall, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 5 Issue 6, p449; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Factor analysis; Subject: Mexico; Subject: Mexico City (Mexico); Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate forcing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Megacities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico City; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source receptor analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruiz-Aguilar, Graciela M. L.
AU  - Fernandez-Sanchez, Jose M.
AU  - Kane, Staci R.
AU  - Donguk Kim
AU  - Alvarez, Pedro J. J.
T1  - EFFECT OF ETHANOL AND METHYL-TERT-BUTYL ETHER ON MONOAROMATIC HYDROCARBON BIODEGRADATION: RESPONSE VARIABILITY FOR DIFFERENT AQUIFER MATERIALS UNDER VARIOUS ELECTRON-ACCEPTING CONDITIONS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2631
EP  - 2639
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Aquifer microcosms were used to determine how ethanol and Aquifer microcosms  (MtBE) affect monoaromatic hydrocarbon degradation under different electron-accepting conditions commonly found in contaminated sites experiencing natural attenuation. Response variability was investigated by using aquifer material from four sites with different exposure history. The lag phase prior to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) and ethanol degradation was typically shorter in microcosms with previously contaminated aquifer material, although previous exposure did not always result in high degradation activity. Toluene was degraded in all aquifer materials and generally under a broader range of electron-accepting conditions compared to benzene, which was degraded only under aerobic conditions. The MtBE was not degraded within 100 d under any condition, and it did not affect BTEX or ethanol degradation patterns. Ethanol was often degraded before BTEX compounds and had a variable effect on BTEX degradation as a function of electron-accepting conditions and aquifer material source. An occasional enhancement of toluene degradation by ethanol occurred in denitrifying microcosms with unlimited nitrate; this may be attributable to the fortuitous growth of toluene-degrading bacteria during ethanol degradation. Nevertheless, experiments with flow-through aquifer columns showed that this beneficial effect could be eclipsed by an ethanol-driven depletion of electron acceptors, which significantly inhibited BTEX degradation and is probably the most important mechanism by which ethanol could hinder BTEX natural attenuation. A decrease in natural attenuation could increase the likelihood that BTEX compounds reach a receptor as well as the potential duration of exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - ETHYLBENZENE
KW  - XYLENE
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - Degradation kinetics
KW  - Monoaromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Natural attenuation
KW  - Oxygenates
KW  - Substrate interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15900263; Ruiz-Aguilar, Graciela M. L. 1 Fernandez-Sanchez, Jose M. 1 Kane, Staci R. 2 Donguk Kim 3 Alvarez, Pedro J. J. 1; Email Address: pedro-alvarez@uiowa.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4119 Seamans Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52245, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Environmental Restoration Division, Livermore, California 94550, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Inje University, 607 Obang-Dong, Kimhae, Kyongnam 621-749, South Korea; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 21 Issue 12, p2631; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: BENZENE; Subject Term: ETHYLBENZENE; Subject Term: XYLENE; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degradation kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monoaromatic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural attenuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygenates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substrate interactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, G.A.
AU  - Finfrock, C.C.
T1  - Measurements of the specific heat of high-purity copper at temperatures below 8 K by a modified pulse-heating technique
JO  - Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science
JF  - Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 08941777
AB  - A precision calorimeter was used to measure the energy deposited in a liquid-helium-cooled copper target as a result of scattered nuclear radiation from an accelerator target in order to simulate the thermal response of a superconducting magnet under such conditions. The methodology selected for the accelerator application was to measure precisely the temperature rise of a copper target in a vacuum, and to convert the results into energy deposition using the specific heat. Therefore, precise measurements of the specific heat of the copper target were necessary to achieve the required precision and accuracy in the energy deposition measurements for the accelerator application. A pulse-heating technique to measure the specific heat was developed in which electrical square waves were delivered to a surface-mounted heater on the copper target, and the temperature rise of the copper target was measured. The specific heat of the copper was measured from 6 to 8 K and compared to data in the literature. The data were also used to infer the electronic- and lattice-specific-heat coefficients and the Debye temperature for the copper that was used. Comparisons of the data to the specific heat and specific-heat coefficients in the literature are presented. The present technique is shown to be useful for the measurement of the specific heat of good thermal conductors, especially metals at cryogenic temperatures, when very high precision is required. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - Copper
KW  - Cryogenic
KW  - Electric pulse
KW  - Liquid helium
KW  - Specific heat
N1  - Accession Number: 7920550; Greene, G.A.; Email Address: greene@bnl.gov Finfrock, C.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 703, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric pulse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gardner, Todd H.
AU  - Berry, David A.
AU  - David Lyons, K.
AU  - Beer, Stephen K.
AU  - Freed, Adam D.
T1  - Fuel processor integrated H2S catalytic partial oxidation technology for sulfur removal in fuel cell power plants
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 81
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2157
SN  - 00162361
AB  - H2S catalytic partial oxidation technology with an activated carbon catalyst was found to be a promising method for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from fuel cell hydrocarbon feedstocks. Three different fuel cell feedstocks were considered for analysis: sour natural gas, sour effluent from a liquid middle distillate fuel processor and a Texaco O2-blown coal-derived synthesis gas. The H2S catalytic partial oxidation reaction, its integratability into fuel cell power plants with different hydrocarbon feedstocks and its salient features are discussed. Experimental results indicate that H2S concentration can be removed down to the part-per-million level in these plants. Additionally, a power law rate expression was developed and reaction kinetics compared to prior literature. The activation energy for this reaction was determined to be 34.4 kJ/g mol with the reaction being first order in H2S and 0.3 order in O2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DESULFURIZATION
KW  - HYDROGEN sulfide
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - Desulfurization
KW  - Fuel cells
KW  - Hydrogen sulfide catalytic oxidation
N1  - Accession Number: 7864341; Gardner, Todd H. 1; Email Address: todd.gardner@netl.doe.gov Berry, David A. 1; Email Address: david.berry@netl.doe.gov David Lyons, K. 1; Email Address: kenneth.lyons@netl.doe.gov Beer, Stephen K. 1; Email Address: stephen.beer@netl.doe.gov Freed, Adam D. 2; Email Address: adam.freed@re.netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box 880, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26507, USA  2: REM Engineering Services, 3566 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 81 Issue 17, p2157; Subject Term: DESULFURIZATION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN sulfide; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desulfurization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen sulfide catalytic oxidation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmidt, J.A.
AU  - Ogden, J.M.
T1  - Fusion power deployment
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Fusion power plants could be part of a future portfolio of non-carbon dioxide producing energy supplies such as wind, solar, biomass, advanced fission power and fossil energy with carbon dioxide sequestration. In this paper we discuss key issues, for other sources of energy, that could impact fusion energy deployment during the last half of this century. These include geographic issues such as resource availability, scale issues, energy storage requirements and waste issues. The resource needs and waste production associated with fusion deployment in the US should not pose serious problems (Fusion Technology 39 (2001) 513). One important feature of fusion power is the fact that a fusion power plant should be locatable within most local or regional electrical distribution systems. For this reason fusion power plants should not increase the burden of long distance power transmission to our distribution system. In contrast to fusion power, regional factors could play an important role in the deployment of renewable resources such as wind, solar and biomass or fossil energy with CO2 sequestration. We examine the role of these regional factors and their implications for the deployment of these renewables, fossil, and fusion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Energy storage
KW  - Fusion
N1  - Accession Number: 8622005; Schmidt, J.A. 1; Email Address: jschmidt@pppl.gov Ogden, J.M. 2; Email Address: ogden@princeton.edu; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, MS 40, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: Center For Energy and Environmental Studies, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: POWER resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thome, R.J.
AU  - Heitzenroeder, P.J.
T1  - Engineering overview of the fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE)
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The FIRE tokamak is an option for the next step in the U.S. magnetic fusion energy program. The design goals have evolved to a major radius of 2.14 m, minor radius of 0.525 m, toroidal field (TF) of 10 T and plasma current of 7.7 mA for a flat-top time of ∼20 s. The requirement for 3000 full-power, full-field pulses and 30,000 pulses at 2/3 of full field has been retained since 1999. All magnets are inertially cooled with liquid nitrogen. Design options have been considered over a range of parameter space for either a wedged TF coil structure or a bucked and wedged TF/Central Solenoid structure. The wedged configuration has been selected as the baseline. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - Bucked and wedged design
KW  - FIRE
KW  - TF coils
N1  - Accession Number: 8622009; Thome, R.J. 1; Email Address: thomer@gat.com Heitzenroeder, P.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, 3550 General Atomics Ct., San Diego, CA 92121, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, PO Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bucked and wedged design; Author-Supplied Keyword: FIRE; Author-Supplied Keyword: TF coils; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reyes, S.
AU  - Sanz, J.
AU  - Latkowski, J.F.
T1  - Use of clearance indexes to assess waste disposal issues for the HYLIFE-II inertial fusion energy power plant design
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Traditionally, waste management studies for fusion energy have used the waste disposal rating (WDR) to evaluate if radioactive material from irradiated structures could qualify for shallow land burial. However, given the space limitations and the negative public perception of large volumes of waste, there is a growing international motivation to develop a fusion waste management system that maximizes the amount of material that can be cleared or recycled. In this work, we present an updated assessment of the waste management options for the HYLIFE-II inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plant, using the concept of clearance index (CI) for radioactive waste disposal. With that purpose, we have performed a detailed neutronics analysis of the HYLIFE-II design, using the tart and acab computer codes for neutron transport and activation, respectively. Whereas the traditional version of acab only provided the user with the γ contact dose rate for recycling assessments and WDR as an index for waste disposal considerations, here we have modified the code to calculate CIs using the current international atomic energy agency (IAEA) clearance limits for radiological waste disposal. The results from the analysis are used to perform an assessment of the waste management options for the HYLIFE-II IFE design. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - Environment
KW  - Inertial fusion energy
KW  - Safety
N1  - Accession Number: 8622038; Reyes, S. 1; Email Address: reyessuarez1@llnl.gov Sanz, J. 2,3 Latkowski, J.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-641, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: UNED/ETSII, Dpto. Ingenieria Energetica, C/ Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain  3: Instituto Fusion Nuclear, Madrid, Spain; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p257; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial fusion energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safety; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Zengyu
AU  - Reed, C.B.
AU  - Pan, Chuanjie
T1  - Surface and bulk MHD instabilities due to insulator coating imperfections
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Experiments were performed using copper electrodes inserted into the wall of a perfectly insulated duct to simulate insulator coating flaking or cracking. The results show that surface electric potential U and MHD pressure drop ΔP exhibit a non-monotonic behavior with increasing V0, while the magnetic field B0 is held constant. Additional experiments were also performed keeping all external experimental conditions fixed while measuring the change of U, V0, B0, and ΔP with increasing time. It was found that while all external experimental conditions were kept constant, the system changed by itself and U, V0 and ΔP exhibited a non-monotonic behavior with increasing time. The results seem contrary to the law of ΔP∝V0B0n, but are consistent with conservation of energy, which implies that the change is due to some inherent feature of the system, or possibly instabilities, which may occur due to insulator coating imperfections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - SURFACE discharges (Electricity)
KW  - Electric potential
KW  - Insulator coating imperfections
KW  - MHD
N1  - Accession Number: 8622053; Xu, Zengyu 1; Email Address: xuzy@swip.ac.cn Reed, C.B. 2; Email Address: cbreed@anl.gov Pan, Chuanjie 1; Affiliation:  1: Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p375; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: SURFACE discharges (Electricity); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulator coating imperfections; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meade, D.M.
T1  - FIRE, a next step option for magnetic fusion
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The next major frontier in magnetic fusion physics is to explore and understand the strong non-linear coupling among confinement, MHD stability, self-heating, edge physics and wave-particle interactions that is fundamental to fusion plasma behavior. The Fusion Ignition Research Experiment (FIRE) design study has been undertaken to define the lowest cost facility to attain, explore, understand and optimize magnetically confined fusion-dominated plasmas. FIRE is envisioned as an extension of the existing advanced tokamak (AT) program that could lead to an attractive magnetic fusion reactor. FIRE activities have focused on the physics and engineering assessment of a compact, high-field tokamak with the capability of achieving Q&ap;10 in the Elmy H-mode for a duration of ∼1.5 plasma current redistribution times (skin times) during an initial burning plasma science phase, and the flexibility to add AT hardware (e.g. lower hybrid current drive) later. The configuration chosen for FIRE is similar to that of ARIES-RS, the US Fusion Power Plant study utilizing an AT reactor. The key ‘AT’ features are: strong plasma shaping, double null pumping divertors, low toroidal field (TF) ripple (<0.3%), internal control coils and space for wall stabilization capabilities. The reference design point is Ro=2.14 m, a=0.595 m, Bt(Ro)=10 T, Ip=7.7 MA with a flat top time of 20 s for 150 MW of fusion power. The baseline magnetic fields and pulse lengths can be provided by wedged BeCu/OFHC TF coils and OFHC poloidal field (PF) coils that are pre-cooled to 80 K prior to the pulse and allowed to warm up to 373 K at the end of the pulse. A longer term goal of FIRE is to explore AT regimes sustained by non-inductive current drive (e.g. lower hybrid current drive) at high fusion gain (Q>5) for a duration of one to three current redistribution times. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - Alpha particles
KW  - Burning plasma experiment
KW  - Fusion
KW  - Ignition
KW  - Tokamak
N1  - Accession Number: 8622074; Meade, D.M. 1; Email Address: dmeade@pppl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p531; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burning plasma experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamak; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swain, D.W.
AU  - Carter, M.D.
T1  - Plasma heating and current drive systems for the fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE)
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
SN  - 09203796
AB  - FIRE is a high-field, burning-plasma tokamak that is being studied as a possible option for future fusion research. Preliminary parameters for this machine are R0=2.14 m, a=0.595 m, B0=10 T, and Ip=7.7 MA. Magnetic field coils are to be made of copper and pre-cooled with LN2 before each shot. The flat-top pulse length desired is ≥20 s. Ion cyclotron (IC) and lower hybrid rf systems will be used for heating and current drive. Present specifications call for 20 MW of IC heating power, with an additional 10 MW of IC power or 20 MW of lower hybrid power as upgrade options. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - FIRE
KW  - Ion cyclotron
KW  - Lower hybrid
N1  - Accession Number: 8622075; Swain, D.W.; Email Address: swaindw@ornl.gov Carter, M.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8071, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p541; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Author-Supplied Keyword: FIRE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion cyclotron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lower hybrid; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sawan, Mohamed E.
AU  - Khater, H.Y.
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
T1  - Nuclear features of the fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE)
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The main nuclear features of the baseline design of fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE) have been evaluated. Critical issues were addressed and R&D needs were identified. Modest values of nuclear heating occur in the FIRE components. The total nuclear heating in the 16 TF coils during DT shots is 19 MW. The cumulative damage in the copper alloys used is very low (<0.05 dpa). However, issues of low temperature embrittlement and thermal creep at high temperatures need to be resolved by an R&D program. The radiation induced resistivity increase in the conductors of the TF coils is primarily due to displacement damage and is <20% of the unirradiated resistivity. The magnet insulator development R&D program should involve irradiation to dose levels up to 1.5×1010 Rad with the proper mix between neutrons and gamma photons (50% gamma dose) relevant to FIRE conditions. Low levels of activity and decay heat are obtained. Hands-on ex-vessel maintenance is feasible. All components qualify as Class C low-level waste. Activation of nitrogen gas inside the cryostat produces a very small amount of 13N and 14C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Fusion ignition research experiment
KW  - Insulator dose
KW  - Nuclear heating
KW  - Radiation damage
N1  - Accession Number: 8622076; Sawan, Mohamed E. 1; Email Address: sawan@engr.wisc.edu Khater, H.Y. 1 Zinkle, S.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Technology Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p547; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion ignition research experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulator dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kessel, C.E.
AU  - Meade, D.
AU  - Jardin, S.C.
T1  - Physics basis and simulation of burning plasma physics for the fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE)
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 559
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The FIRE design for a burning plasma experiment is described in terms of its physics basis and engineering features. Systems analysis indicates that the device has a wide operating space to accomplish its mission, both for the ELMy H-mode reference and the high bootstrap current/high-β advanced tokamak regimes. Simulations with 1.5D transport codes reported here both confirm and constrain the systems projections. Experimental and theoretical results are used to establish the basis for successful burning plasma experiments in FIRE. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - ELMy H-mode
KW  - Fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE)
KW  - Plasma physics
N1  - Accession Number: 8622077; Kessel, C.E.; Email Address: ckessel@pppl.gov Meade, D. 1 Jardin, S.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, PO Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p559; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Author-Supplied Keyword: ELMy H-mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma physics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meier, W.R.
AU  - Logan, B.G.
AU  - Waldron, W.L.
AU  - Sabbi, G.-L.
AU  - Callahan, D.A.
AU  - Peterson, P.F.
AU  - Goodin, D.T.
T1  - Progress toward heavy-ion IFE
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Successful development of heavy-ion fusion (HIF) will require scientific and technology advances in areas of targets, drivers and chambers. Design work on heavy-ion targets indicates that high gain (60–130) may be possible with a ∼3–6 MJ driver depending on the ability to focus the beams to small spot sizes. Significant improvements have been made on key components of heavy-ion drivers, including sources, injectors, insulators and ferromagnetic materials for long-pulse induction accelerator cells, solid-state pulsers, and superconducting quadrupole magnets. The leading chamber concept for HIF is the thick-liquid-wall HYLIFE-II design, which uses an array of flibe jets to protect chamber structures from X-ray, debris, and neutron damage. Significant progress has been made in demonstrating the ability to create and control the types of flow needed to form the protective liquid blanket. Progress has also been made on neutron shielding for the final focus magnet arrays with predicted lifetimes now exceeding the life of the power plant. Safety analyses have been completed for the HYLIFE-II design using state-of-the-art codes. Work also continues on target fabrication and injection for HIF. A target injector experiment capable of >5 Hz operation has been designed and construction will start in 2002. Methods for mass-production of hohlraum targets are being evaluated with small-scale experiments and analyses. Progress in these areas will be reviewed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - Heavy-ion fusion
KW  - IFE chambers
KW  - IFE targets
KW  - Inertial fusion energy (IFE)
N1  - Accession Number: 8622079; Meier, W.R. 1; Email Address: meier5@llnl.gov Logan, B.G. 2 Waldron, W.L. 2 Sabbi, G.-L. 2 Callahan, D.A. 1 Peterson, P.F. 3 Goodin, D.T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Univeristy of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92186, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p577; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-ion fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFE chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFE targets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial fusion energy (IFE); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raffray, A.R.
AU  - Federici, G.
AU  - Hassanein, A.
AU  - Haynes, D.
T1  - Dynamic chamber armor behavior in IFE and MFE
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 597
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The chamber wall armor is subject to demanding conditions in both inertial fusion energy (IFE) and magnetic fusion energy (MFE) chambers. This paper assesses the requirements on armor imposed by the operating conditions in IFE and MFE, including energy deposition density, time of deposition and frequencies, and discusses their impact on the performance of the candidate armor materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Armor materials
KW  - Inertial fusion energy
KW  - Magnetic fusion energy
N1  - Accession Number: 8622081; Raffray, A.R. 1; Email Address: raffray@fusion.ucsd.edu Federici, G. 2 Hassanein, A. 3 Haynes, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of California, San Diego, 458 EBU-II, La Jolla, CA 92093-0417, USA  2: ITER Garching Joint Work Site, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany  3: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Fusion Technology Institute, University of Wisconsin, 1500 Eng. Dr., Madison, WI 53706-1687, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p597; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Armor materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial fusion energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic fusion energy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hassanein, A.
AU  - Morozov, V.
T1  - Chamber wall response to target implosion in inertial fusion reactors: new and critical assessments
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 609
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The chamber walls in inertial fusion energy (IFE) reactors are exposed to harsh conditions following each target implosion. Key issues of the cyclic IFE operation include intense photon and ion deposition, wall thermal and hydrodynamic evolution, wall erosion and fatigue lifetime, and chamber clearing and evacuation to ensure desirable conditions prior to next target implosion. Several methods for wall protection have been proposed in the past, each having its own advantages and disadvantages. These methods include use of solid bare walls, gas-filled cavities, and liquid walls/jets. Detailed models have been developed for reflected laser light, emitted photons, and target debris deposition and interaction with chamber components and have been implemented in the comprehensive HEIGHTS software package. The focus of this study is to critically assess the reliability and the dynamic response of chamber walls in IFE systems. Of particular concern is the effect on wall erosion lifetime due to various erosion mechanisms, such as vaporization, chemical and physical sputtering, melt/liquid splashing and explosive erosion, and fragmentation of liquid walls. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - Chamber walls
KW  - IFE systems
KW  - Inertial fusion reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 8622082; Hassanein, A.; Email Address: hassanein@anl.gov Morozov, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p609; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chamber walls; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFE systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial fusion reactors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reyes, S.
AU  - Schmitt, R.C.
AU  - Latkowski, J.F.
AU  - Sanz, J.
T1  - Liquid wall options for tritium-lean fast ignition inertial fusion energy power plants
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63/64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
SN  - 09203796
AB  - In an inertial fusion energy (IFE) thick-liquid chamber design such as HYLIFE-II, a molten-salt is used to attenuate neutrons and protect the chamber structures from radiation damage. In the case of a fast ignition inertial fusion system, advanced targets have been proposed that may be self-sufficient in terms of tritium breeding (i.e. the amount of tritium bred in target exceeds the amount burned). This aspect allows for greater freedom when selecting a liquid for the protective blanket, given that lithium-bearing compounds are no longer required. Materials selection may now be based upon other characteristics, such as safety and environmental (S&E), pumping power, corrosion, and vapor pressure, along with others. The present work assesses the characteristics of many single, binary, and ternary molten-salts and liquid metals using the NIST Properties of Molten Salts Database. As an initial screening, liquids were evaluated for their S&E characteristics, which included an assessment of waste disposal rating (WDR), contact dose, and radioactive afterheat. Liquids that passed the S&E criteria were then evaluated for required pumping power. The pumping power was calculated using three components: velocity head losses, frictional losses, and lifting power. The results of the assessment are used to identify those materials that are suitable for potential liquid-chamber fast-ignition IFE concepts, from both the S&E and pumping power perspective. Recommendations for further analysis are also made. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - Fast ignition
KW  - Liquid wall chambers
N1  - Accession Number: 8622085; Reyes, S. 1; Email Address: reyessuarez1@llnl.gov Schmitt, R.C. 1,2 Latkowski, J.F. 1 Sanz, J. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Mailstop L-641, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA  3: Dpto. Ingenierıa Energética, UNED/ETSII, Madrid, Spain  4: Instituto Fusión Nuclear, Madrid, Spain; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63/64 Issue 1, p635; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: TRITIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast ignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid wall chambers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berndt, Marita L.
AU  - Philippacopoulos, Aristodimos J.
T1  - Incorporation of fibres in geothermal well cements
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Fibre-reinforced cements are of potential value in geothermal well cementing jobs due to their ability to withstand higher tensile stresses than conventional cements. Screening tests were performed to evaluate different fibre types with the objective of identifying systems offering the greatest improvement in cement tensile strength. The fibres investigated included steel, stainless steel, carbon, basalt and glass. The baseline cement matrix was standard Class G cement/40% silica flour and variations on this were latex-modification and lightweight formulations incorporating either perlite or microspheres. The fibres that showed the best performance at low volume fraction were 13 mm brass-coated round steel fibres. Steel and carbon microfibres also improved the tensile strength provided the volume fraction was high enough. Thermal and hydraulic properties of cements reinforced with steel fibres were measured and compared with unreinforced mixes. Based on the results, selected fibre types will be used in further property characterization studies and engineering analysis of geothermal wells completed with fibre-reinforced materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - METAL fibers
KW  - Cement
KW  - Drilling
KW  - Fibres
KW  - Wells
N1  - Accession Number: 7916689; Berndt, Marita L.; Email Address: allan@bnl.gov Philippacopoulos, Aristodimos J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p643; Subject Term: CEMENT; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: METAL fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drilling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fibres; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Philippacopoulos, Aristodimos J.
AU  - Berndt, Marita L.
T1  - Structural analysis of geothermal well cements
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 657
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Current design procedures are deficient when it comes to the cement/sealant used in geothermal well cementing jobs. The structural performance of the cement is based on the requirement that the cement must have a certain compressive strength. By calculating the response of the cement due to pressure/temperature (P/T) loads, the relevant stress fields are found to be sensitive to a variety of parameters in such a way that they cannot be enveloped solely by the compressive strength of the material. A similar concern also exists in the oil and gas industry. This paper presents a variety of modeling approaches that can be used to perform the necessary structural analysis from which the stress field in the cement can be evaluated. It is recommended that the design of the cement be based on the results from such structural analysis rather than on the basis of the limited requirement for compressive strength. The paper also presents parametric variations of the radial and tangential stresses in the cement that were obtained through coupled analyses of casing-cement-formation models. It is shown that the state of stress in the cement is very sensitive to (a) far-field stress and (b) the relative stiffness between the cement and the formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - STRUCTURAL frames -- Models
KW  - Cement/sealant
KW  - Geothermal wells
KW  - P/T loads
KW  - Strength requirements
KW  - Structural models
N1  - Accession Number: 7916690; Philippacopoulos, Aristodimos J.; Email Address: ajph@bnl.gov Berndt, Marita L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p657; Subject Term: CEMENT; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL frames -- Models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cement/sealant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geothermal wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: P/T loads; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strength requirements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bandaru, Jordana
AU  - Beeman, Jeffrey W.
AU  - Haller, Eugene E.
AU  - Samperi, Stacy
AU  - Haegel, Nancy M.
T1  - Influence of the Sb dopant distribution on far infrared photoconductivity in Ge:Sb blocked impurity band detectors
JO  - Infrared Physics & Technology
JF  - Infrared Physics & Technology
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 43
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
SN  - 13504495
AB  - Extended long wavelength response to ∼200 <f>μ</f>m (50 cm−1) has been observed in Ge:Sb blocked impurity band (BIB) detectors with <f>ND∼1×1016</f> cm−3. The cut-off wavelength increases from 150 <f>μ</f>m (65 cm−1) to 200 <f>μ</f>m (50 cm−1) with increasing bias. The responsivity at long wavelengths was lower than expected. This can be explained by considering the observed Sb diffusion profile in a transition region between the blocking layer and active layer. BIB modeling is presented which indicates that this Sb concentration profile increases the electric field in the transition region and reduces the field in the blocking layer. The depletion region consists partially of the transition region between the active and blocking layer, which could contribute to the reduced long wavelength response. The field spike at the interface is the likely cause of breakdown at a lower bias than expected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Infrared Physics & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - INFRARED detectors
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Blocked impurity band detector
KW  - Far infrared
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Liquid phase epitaxy
KW  - Photoconductor
N1  - Accession Number: 7892790; Bandaru, Jordana 1,2; Email Address: jordana.bandaru@jpl.nasa.gov Beeman, Jeffrey W. 2 Haller, Eugene E. 1,2; Email Address: eehaller@lbl.gov Samperi, Stacy 3 Haegel, Nancy M. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Cycloton Road 1, Mailstop 2-200, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT 06430, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 43 Issue 6, p353; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: INFRARED detectors; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blocked impurity band detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Far infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoconductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nesatyy, Victor J.
AU  - Laskin, Julia
T1  - Dissociation of noncovalent protein complexes by triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry: comparison of Monte Carlo simulation and experiment
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 221
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 13873806
AB  - We present Monte Carlo simulations of collisionally activated dissociation of noncovalent protein complexes in the collision cell of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. These simulations account for the influence of the precursor ion mass-to-charge ratio, acceleration potential, nature of the collision gas and the number of collisions experienced by the ion on the efficiency of ion dissociation. Evolution of the translational and internal energies of activated precursor ions along the collision cell was simulated using the hard-sphere and the diffuse scattering models. Dissociation rate constants and ion survival probability were calculated based on the estimated internal energy content of the excited ion. It was found that dissociation of the precursor ion could occur anywhere in the collision cell provided there is enough gain of relative internal energy accumulated during collisions. Simulated dissociation curves are in a good agreement with experimental results obtained for different collision gases at different pressures. Monte Carlo simulations of collision events modeled by the hard-sphere and diffuse scattering approximations resulted in different dynamics of precursor ion dissociation. Comparison of Monte Carlo simulations with results obtained using the previously proposed collision model showed a good correlation between the integral results obtained using these two approaches over a variety of experimental parameters. However, in contrast to the collision model, Monte Carlo simulations allow to obtain detailed information on the dynamics of ion dissociation in the collision cell. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations provided a first insight into collisionally activated dissociation of the precursor ion under unfolding conditions including realistic increase in collision cross section during ion passage through the collision cell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - Collisional activated dissociation
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 8546727; Nesatyy, Victor J. 1; Email Address: victor.nesati@eawag.ch Laskin, Julia 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 (K8-96), Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 221 Issue 3, p245; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Collisional activated dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherouat, A.
AU  - Saanouni, K.
AU  - Hammi, Y.
T1  - Numerical improvement of thin tubes hydroforming with respect to ductile damage
JO  - International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 44
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2427
SN  - 00207403
AB  - Fully coupled constitutive equations, formulated in the framework of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes with state variables, accounting for isotropic hardening as well as the isotropic ductile damage are used to simulate numerically, by the finite element analysis, 3D metal hydroforming processes with damage occurence. An implicit integration scheme for local time integration of the constitutive equations and a dynamic explicit resolution scheme to solve the associated dynamic equilibrium problem are used. The effects of friction coefficient, material ductility and hydro bulging condition, on the hydroformability of various thin tubes are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mechanical Sciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTOPLASTICITY
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - Ductile damage
KW  - Dynamic explicit scheme
KW  - FEM
KW  - Finite elastoplasticity
KW  - Hydroforming processes
KW  - Implicit local integration scheme
N1  - Accession Number: 9097155; Cherouat, A. 1; Email Address: abdelhakim.cherouat@univ-troyes.fr Saanouni, K. 1; Email Address: saanouni@utt.fr Hammi, Y. 2; Email Address: yhammi@ca.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of Technology of Troyes, GSM/LASMIS, BP 2060, 10010 Troyes, France  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9405-Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 44 Issue 12, p2427; Subject Term: ELASTOPLASTICITY; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductile damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic explicit scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite elastoplasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroforming processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implicit local integration scheme; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-7403(02)00177-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brenner, D. J.
AU  - Sawant, S. G.
AU  - Hande, M. P.
AU  - Miller, R. C.
AU  - Elliston, C. D.
AU  - Fu, Z.
AU  - Randers-Pehrson, G.
AU  - Marino, S. A.
T1  - Routine screening mammography: how important is the radiation-risk side of the benefit-risk equation?
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 78
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1065
EP  - 1067
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - The potential radiation hazards associated with routine screening mammography, in terms of breast cancer induction, are discussed in the context of the potential benefits. The very low energy X-rays used in screening mammography (26-30 kVp) are expected to be more hazardous, per unit dose, than high-energy X- or γ-rays, such as those to which A-bomb survivors (from which radiation risk estimates are derived) were exposed. Based on in vitro studies using oncogenic transformation and chromosome aberration end-points, as well as theoretical estimates, it seems likely that low doses of low-energy X-rays produce an increased risk per unit dose (compared with high energy photons) of about a factor of 2. Because of the low doses involved in screening mammography, the benefit-risk ratio for older women would still be expected to be large, though for younger women the increase in the estimated radiation risk suggests a somewhat later age than currently recommended—by about 5-10 years—at which to commence routine breast screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAMMOGRAMS
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - MEDICAL radiography -- Complications
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 8797924; Brenner, D. J. 1 Sawant, S. G. 2 Hande, M. P. 1 Miller, R. C. 3 Elliston, C. D. 1 Fu, Z. 4 Randers-Pehrson, G. 1 Marino, S. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA  2: Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA  3: Radiological Society of North America, Oak Brook, IL, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 78 Issue 12, p1065; Subject Term: MAMMOGRAMS; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Subject Term: MEDICAL radiography -- Complications; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/0955300021000016576
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DiStefano, J.R.
AU  - McCoy, H.E.
T1  - Mechanical properties of T-111 at low to intermediate temperatures
JO  - International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials
JF  - International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
SN  - 02634368
AB  - The overall objective of this study was to determine allowable design stresses for the solid-solution-strengthened alloy T-111 (Ta–8W–2Hf) to be used in a space power application at 300–650 °C. Tensile tests were conducted from 25 to 1100 °C and creep tests were conducted from 500 to 1171 °C. The allowable long-term stress intensity for T-111 was found to be about 180 MPa up to 850 °C; at higher temperatures the allowable stress intensity must be reduced because of creep. However, a single creep mechanism cannot predict creep rate over the entire temperature range of this study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
N1  - Accession Number: 8568075; DiStefano, J.R.; Email Address: distefanojr@ornl.gov McCoy, H.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6157, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 20 Issue 5/6, p381; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bevelhimer, M. S.
T1  - A bioenergetics model for white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus: assessing differences in growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches.
JO  - Journal of Applied Ichthyology
JF  - Journal of Applied Ichthyology
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 18
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 550
EP  - 556
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01758659
AB  - Summary Water diversion and hydropower operations in the Snake River basin (northwestern United States) potentially affect long-term growth and reproduction of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus through changes in food availability and energy demands. The white sturgeon has a unique life history that includes a life span of 80+ years, age at first reproduction of >13 years, and a spawning interval of >3 years. A bioenergetics model was developed to investigate the effects of temperature on A. transmontanus growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches. This model is unlike most bioenergetics models, because it incorporates both gonadal and somatic compartments for growth. The model tracks daily allocation of calories consumed by a female sturgeon exposed to different temperature regimes for any portion or the entirety of its lifespan. Excess energy is partitioned between gonadal and somatic growth depending on environmental cues, energy condition, age, and other factors. In addition to change in weight, the model output includes growth in length, condition factor, gonadal somatic index, spawning interval, timing of spawning, and fecundity. Simulations revealed a significant difference in the potential for growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches due to temperature variations. The model predicted that small increases in temperature can slow growth, increase the spawning interval, and reduce lifetime egg production. Further model development should include additional among-reach differences such as food availability and other water quality parameters that might affect growth and reproductive output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Ichthyology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - White sturgeon
KW  - GROWTH
KW  - Fishes
KW  - Fish reproduction
N1  - Accession Number: 8699918; Bevelhimer, M. S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 18 Issue 4-6, p550; Thesaurus Term: White sturgeon; Thesaurus Term: GROWTH; Subject Term: Fishes; Subject Term: Fish reproduction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00392.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, Marvin J.
T1  - Inorganic scintillators: today and tomorrow
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 100
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 00222313
AB  - The past half-century has witnessed the discovery of many new scintillator materials and numerous advances in our understanding of the basic physical processes governing the operation of inorganic scintillators. These developments are reviewed briefly, but then the question arises—what about today and tomorrow? Have we exhausted luminescence phenomena and the periodic table in our search for improved scintillator materials? Properties of both intrinsic and activated scintillator materials, crystalline and amphorous, are considered. Several fundamental limits of scintillator performance are examined together with the prospects for discovering better scintillators guided by first-principles theoretical calculations of the processes active in scintillation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INORGANIC scintillators
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - Activated scintillator materials
KW  - Intrinsic scintillator materials
KW  - Scintillation
N1  - Accession Number: 8576728; Weber, Marvin J. 1; Email Address: mjweber@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 55-121 One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 100 Issue 1-4, p35; Subject Term: INORGANIC scintillators; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activated scintillator materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intrinsic scintillator materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2313(02)00423-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, Riqiang
AU  - Tian, Changlin
AU  - Kim, Hyeongnam
AU  - Smith, Scott A.
AU  - Cross, Timothy A.
T1  - The effect of Hartmann–Hahn mismatching on polarization inversion spin exchange at the magic angle
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 159
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 10907807
AB  - The effect of the Hartmann–Hahn mismatch <f>Δ=ωeff−ω1S</f> during polarization inversion spin exchange at the magic angle (PISEMA) has been investigated, where <f>ωeff</f> and <f>ω1S</f> represent the amplitudes of the 1H effective spin-locking field at the magic angle and the 15N RF spin-locking field, respectively. During the PISEMA evolution period, the exact Hartmann–Hahn match condition (i.e., <f>Δ=0</f>) yields a maximum dipolar scaling factor of 0.816 for PISEMA experiments, while any mismatch results in two different effective fields for the first and second half of each frequency switched Lee–Goldburg (FSLG) cycle. The mismatch effect on the scaling factor depends strongly on the transition angle from one effective field to the other within each FSLG cycle as well as on the cycle time. At low RF spin-lock amplitudes in which the FSLG cycle time is relatively long, the scaling factor rapidly becomes smaller as <f>ω1S</f> becomes greater than <f>ωeff</f>. On the other hand, when <f>ω1S<ωeff</f>, there is relatively little effect on the scaling factor with variation in <f>Δ</f>. As a result, the presence of RF inhomogeneities may significantly broaden the line-width in the dipolar dimension because of the mismatch effect. Higher RF spin-lock amplitudes result in a relatively small variation for the scaling factor. Furthermore, ramped amplitude of the 15N RF spin-lock field in synchronization with the flip-flop of the FSLG sequence minimizes the transition angle between the two effective fields within the FSLG cycle. It is shown experimentally that such a ramped amplitude not only gives rise to the same scaling factor but also results in a narrower dipolar line-width in comparison with the rectangular amplitude. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPIN exchange
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - Frequency switched Lee–Goldburg
KW  - Hartmann–Hahn
KW  - Magic angle
KW  - PISEMA
N1  - Accession Number: 8619357; Fu, Riqiang 1; Email Address: rfu@magnet.fsu.edu Tian, Changlin 1,2 Kim, Hyeongnam 1,3 Smith, Scott A. 1 Cross, Timothy A. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 159 Issue 2, p167; Subject Term: SPIN exchange; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency switched Lee–Goldburg; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hartmann–Hahn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magic angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: PISEMA; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zook, Anthony L.
AU  - Adhyaru, Bhavin B.
AU  - Bowers, Clifford R.
T1  - High capacity production of <f>></f>65% spin polarized xenon-129 for NMR spectroscopy and imaging
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 159
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 10907807
AB  - A rubidium spin exchange optical pumping system for high capacity production of <f>></f>65% spin polarized 129Xe gas is described. This system is based on a fiber coupled multiple laser diode array capable of producing an unprecedented 210 W of circularly polarized light at the pumping cell with a laser line width of 1.6 nm. The 129Xe nuclear spin polarization is measured as a function of flow rate, pumping cell pressure, and laser power for varying pumping gas compositions. A maximum 129Xe nuclear polarization of 67% was achieved using a 0.6% Xe mixture at a Xe flow rate of 2.45 sccm. The ability to generate 12% polarized 129Xe at rates in excess of 1 L-atm/h is also demonstrated. To achieve production of 129Xe gas at even higher polarization will rely on further optimization of the pumping cell and laser beam geometries in order to mitigate problems associated with temperature gradients that are encountered at high laser power and Rb density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL pumping
KW  - SPIN exchange
KW  - RUBIDIUM
KW  - DIODES
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 8619358; Zook, Anthony L. 1 Adhyaru, Bhavin B. 1 Bowers, Clifford R.; Email Address: bowers@chem.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 159 Issue 2, p175; Subject Term: OPTICAL pumping; Subject Term: SPIN exchange; Subject Term: RUBIDIUM; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sigmund, E.E.
AU  - Mitrović, V.F.
AU  - Calder, E.S.
AU  - Thomas, G.W.
AU  - Bachman, H.N.
AU  - Halperin, W.P.
AU  - Kuhns, P.L.
AU  - Reyes, A.P.
T1  - Inductive shielding of NMR phase noise
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 159
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
SN  - 10907807
AB  - We report on a solution to the problem of phase noise in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Phase noise refers to the variation in the phases of NMR signals from successive acquisitions due to an unstable applied field. Such a situation exists in high-field resistive Bitter magnets and, for sufficiently long timescales, can cause serious signal degradation upon signal averaging. An inductive shield, formed by a highly conducting metal tube placed around the sample and along the applied field, provides screening of the AC components of the applied field and thereby retains phase coherence over long periods. Although simple in principle there are technical difficulties for practical implementation of this method. We present demonstrations of the utility of this approach. In particular, we show a significant extension of the effective transverse coherence time of the <f>13C</f> resonance in doubly <f>13C</f>-labeled glycerol in a resistive Bitter magnet. This was accomplished through the use of a highly conducting aluminum shield, cooled to 4 K with liquid helium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC shielding
KW  - Bitter magnet
KW  - Phase noise
KW  - Shielding
N1  - Accession Number: 8619360; Sigmund, E.E. 1; Email Address: esigmund@northwestern.edu Mitrović, V.F. 1 Calder, E.S. 1 Thomas, G.W. 1 Bachman, H.N. 1 Halperin, W.P. 1 Kuhns, P.L. 2 Reyes, A.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics NMR, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 159 Issue 2, p190; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC shielding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bitter magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shielding; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woelk, Klaus
AU  - Trautner, Peter
AU  - Niessen, Heiko G.
AU  - Gerald II, Rex E.
T1  - RIDE’n RIPT—ring down elimination in rapid imaging pulse trains
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 159
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 10907807
AB  - A new pulse sequence is introduced for compensation of acoustic ringing effects, which occur in rotating-frame images obtained with the rapid imaging pulse trains (RIPT). The new sequence (RIDE’n RIPT) combines features of ring down elimination (RIDE), the most common difference-spectroscopy sequence for acoustic-ringing compensation, with the advantages of RIPT for fast acquisition of magnetization profiles in <f>B1</f> field gradients. For even greater time efficiency in many experiments, the two transients of RIDE’n RIPT are combined to a single transient in which data for the difference spectroscopy are collected sequentially. RIDE’n RIPT was used to record one-dimensional profiles of the proton magnetization in supercritical fluid samples of methane in carbon dioxide. The profiles showed substantial improvements over profiles obtained from standard RIPT. To withstand the high pressures required for the supercritical carbon dioxide mixtures, a toroid cavity autoclave (TCA) was used as the NMR resonator and pressure vessel. The well-defined, strong, and nonuniform <f>B1</f> field of the TCA was used to resolve distances along the radial dimension. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - RADIO measurements
KW  - Acoustic ringing
KW  - High-pressure probe
KW  - Radiofrequency gradient
KW  - RIDE
KW  - RIPT
KW  - Rotating-frame imaging
KW  - Toroid cavity
N1  - Accession Number: 8619362; Woelk, Klaus 1; Email Address: woelk@thch.uni-bonn.de Trautner, Peter 1 Niessen, Heiko G. 1 Gerald II, Rex E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 159 Issue 2, p207; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: RADIO measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acoustic ringing; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-pressure probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiofrequency gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: RIDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: RIPT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating-frame imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toroid cavity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zoleo, Alfonso
AU  - Maniero, Anna Lisa
AU  - Bellinazzi, Marco
AU  - Prato, Maurizio
AU  - Ros, Tatiana Da
AU  - Brunel, Louis Claude
AU  - Brustolon, Marina
T1  - Radical anions of fullerene bisadducts: a multifrequency CW-EPR study
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 159
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 226
SN  - 10907807
AB  - The radical anions of three <f>C60</f> bisadducts (from now on termed CIS1, CIS2, and CIS3) have been studied in liquid solution and glassy matrix by X-band and high frequency CW-EPR spectroscopy. The three adducts CIS1, CIS2, and CIS3 are characterized by a pyrrolidinic ring and an isoxazolinic ring in position cis1-O, cis2-C, and cis3-C, respectively; the two rings are connected by a methylenic chain. In the X-band spectra of CIS1, one species has been observed showing hyperfine coupling constants with the pyrrolidinic nitrogen and <f>13C</f> nuclei, whereas in the X-band spectra of CIS2 and CIS3 more species are apparent, some with and other without hyperfine coupling with the pyrrolidinic <f>14N</f>. High field spectra at 110 and 220 GHz for all the bisadducts have been obtained; in all the cases, more species are evident with small differences in the g-factors. The occurrence of more species are discussed and put in relation with different bisadduct conformations. Furthermore, on the basis of the mechanism proposed for the <f>14N</f> hcc in previously studied fulleropyrrolidine (FP) monoanions, the presence or absence of <f>14N</f> hcc for CIS1 and the different conformations of CIS2 and CIS3 is discussed. The temperature dependence of the EPR linewidths and the g-factors of all the species have been determined and discussed in term of the different structural stiffness and symmetry of the three bisadducts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - PYRROLIDINE
KW  - EPR
KW  - Fullerene anions
KW  - Fullerene bisadducts
KW  - HF-EPR
KW  - Multifrequency EPR
N1  - Accession Number: 8619365; Zoleo, Alfonso 1 Maniero, Anna Lisa 1; Email Address: a.maniero@chfi.unipd.it Bellinazzi, Marco 1 Prato, Maurizio 2 Ros, Tatiana Da 2 Brunel, Louis Claude 3 Brustolon, Marina 1; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica, Via Loredan 2, I-35131, Padova, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Piazzale Europa, I-34100 Trieste, Italy  3: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 159 Issue 2, p226; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: PYRROLIDINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fullerene anions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fullerene bisadducts; Author-Supplied Keyword: HF-EPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multifrequency EPR; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scherer, George W.
AU  - Gross, Joachim
AU  - Hrubesh, Lawrence W.
AU  - Coronado, Paul R.
T1  - Optimization of the rapid supercritical extraction process for aerogels
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 311
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
SN  - 00223093
AB  - A partial differential equation is derived that describes the pressure developed in the pores of a gel during the rapid supercritical extraction process. A comparative analysis of the strains caused by syneresis and expansion of the fluid, respectively, suggests that the latter is the dominant effect for this process. Experimental results indicate that the rate of leakage from the mold is equal to the rate of volumetric expansion of the fluid, so this was used as the boundary condition for the calculation. An analytical solution is obtained for the strain produced in a purely elastic gel. The strain is found to develop most rapidly at high temperatures, where the thermal expansion of the fluid increases sharply. The model predicts a temperature dependent heating rate that can be used to avoid irreversible strains by compensating for the increase in thermal expansion coefficient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluid extraction
N1  - Accession Number: 7788846; Scherer, George W. 1; Email Address: scherer@princeton.edu Gross, Joachim 1 Hrubesh, Lawrence W. 2 Coronado, Paul R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton University, CEOR/PMI, Eng. Quad. E-319, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 311 Issue 3, p259; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluid extraction; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Click, Carol A.
AU  - Brow, Richard K.
AU  - Alam, Todd M.
T1  - Properties and structure of cesium phosphate glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 311
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 294
SN  - 00223093
AB  - A series of Cs-phosphate glasses, xCs2O(<f>1−x</f>)P2O5, where <f>0&les;x&les;0.60</f>, were prepared. The glass transition temperature (<f>Tg</f>) decreases with the initial addition of Cs2O to P2O5, from 637 K at <f>x=0</f> to 472 K at <f>x=0.16</f>. There is little change in <f>Tg</f> with further additions of Cs2O up to <f>x=0.60</f>. The 31P magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectra show that Cs2O additions systematically convert the cross-linked ultraphosphate network of <f>ν</f>-P2O5 to a chain-like metaphosphate structure as x approaches 0.50. The 133Cs MAS NMR spectra show a 90 ppm increase in isotropic chemical shift (<f>δiso</f>) with increasing Cs2O content, which indicates a decrease in the average electron density around the Cs<f>+</f> ions, more covalent Cs–O bonding, and a shorter average Cs–O bond length. The physical properties and spectroscopic results are interpreted using a structural model that considers the effects of composition on the average coordination environment of Cs<f>+</f> ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - GLASS
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 7788849; Click, Carol A. 1 Brow, Richard K. 1; Email Address: brow@umr.edu Alam, Todd M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Ceramic Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, 222 McNutt Hall, Rolla, MO 65409-0330, USA  2: Department of Organic Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0888, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 311 Issue 3, p294; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Afanasyev-Charkin, I.V.
AU  - Sickafus, K.E.
T1  - Effect of sputtering in Xe ion irradiated yttria-stabilized zirconia
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 306
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Fully stabilized zirconia is known as a radiation resistant material. The objective of many experiments on zirconia has been to test the susceptibility of this material to amorphization. Because zirconia exhibits high radiation tolerance, this has made very high fluence ion irradiation experiments a necessity and so, additional irradiation-induced effects such as surface sputtering become important. In this paper, we present results from 340 keV Xe<f>++</f> irradiations of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) to fluences ranging from <f>1×1015</f> to <f>1.5×1021</f> ions/m2. No amorphization of YSZ was observed after irradiation to even the highest ion fluence. To assess sputtering effects at high fluence, an analytical model was developed, using ion range and damage distributions calculated using Monte Carlo simulations for ion–solid interactions. Analysis results and experimental data revealed that at high fluences, the implanted ion and damage distribution profiles are significantly modified by sputtering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 8571315; Afanasyev-Charkin, I.V. 1 Sickafus, K.E.; Email Address: kurt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 306 Issue 2/3, p112; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Fuxin
AU  - Lu, Ping
AU  - Sickafus, K.E.
T1  - Effects of Xe-ion irradiation at high temperature on single crystal rutile
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 306
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Rutile (TiO2) single crystals with (1 1 0) orientation were irradiated with 360 keV Xe<f>2+</f> ions at 923 K to fluences ranging from <f>7×1014</f> to <f>1×1016</f> Xe/cm2. Damage accumulation and evolution were analyzed using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy combined with ion channeling analysis, and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. TiO2 crystals were found to exhibit a layer-like damage structure after irradiation, with up to three characteristic layers: (1) a thin surface layer denuded of defects; (2) a second layer centered at the peak damage position, consisting of small voids about 1–3 nm in diameter; and (3) a third, deeper layer consisting of large defects such as dislocations and dislocation loops. The defect-denuded layer at the surface results from point defect diffusion and annealing. The voids in the second layer may be attributed to aggregation of vacancies. Point defect migration and precipitation is also responsible for the large defects observed in the deepest layer within the irradiated microstructure. Amorphization was not observed in the crystals irradiated at this high temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RUTILE
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 8571316; Li, Fuxin 1,2 Lu, Ping 1 Sickafus, K.E. 2; Email Address: kurt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 306 Issue 2/3, p121; Subject Term: RUTILE; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Damen, P.M.G.
AU  - van Veen, A.
AU  - Matzke, Hj.
AU  - Schut, H.
AU  - Valdez, J.A.
AU  - Wetteland, C.J.
AU  - Sickafus, K.E.
T1  - Helium behaviour and defect evolution in amorphous spinel during thermal annealing
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 306
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
SN  - 00223115
AB  - MgAl2O4-spinel has been widely investigated as inert matrix for actinide-transmutation. Under impact of fission fragments, it becomes amorphous. During reactor irradiation, crystalline and amorphous spinel are expected in the fuel, containing, among others xenon and helium. Gas-release measurements and positron beam analysis (PBA) were performed on amorphized specimens and compared to results on crystalline spinel. Helium was released in two stages between 575 and 800 K in first-order desorption processes with activation enthalpies of 1.9 and 2.7 eV and attempt frequencies of about 1013 s<f>−</f>1. Xenon was released between 1050 and 1450 K. PBA experiments indicated that defect clustering occurred near the surface at low temperatures and in deeper regions at about 950–1200 K. Recrystallization was observed between 1000 and 1350 K and defect annealing was completed at 1600 K. PBA indicates two different damage zones, corresponding to displacement zones with and without xenon. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPINEL group
KW  - TRANSMUTATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 8571325; Damen, P.M.G. 1; Email Address: damen@itu.fzk.de van Veen, A. 2 Matzke, Hj. 1 Schut, H. 2 Valdez, J.A. 3 Wetteland, C.J. 3 Sickafus, K.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, P.O. Box 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany  2: Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands  3: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 306 Issue 2/3, p180; Subject Term: SPINEL group; Subject Term: TRANSMUTATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, K.T.
AU  - Wall, M.A.
AU  - Schwartz, A.J.
T1  - Experimental verification of the existence and structure of <f>ζ</f> Pu6Fe in a Pu–Ga alloy
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 306
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A phase belonging to the space group <f>I4/mcm</f> was identified in a Pu–Ga alloy containing trace amounts of Fe and Ni using electron diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) in a transmission electron microscope. The plane group symmetry of six experimental diffraction patterns showed that the structure of this phase was at least body-centered orthorhombic. Simulated diffraction patterns, generated from the body-centered tetragonal structure of <f>ζ</f> Pu6Fe with the space group <f>I4/mcm</f>, match the experimental diffraction patterns closely. These results present the first crystallographic evidence for the existence of <f>ζ</f> Pu6Fe in a dilute Pu–Ga alloy. The Pu/Fe ratio of the phase yielded by EDXS was 12.5 at.% and the Pu/(Fe <f>+</f> Ni) ratio was 15.9 at.%. These results suggest that Ni substitutes for Fe in the <f>ζ</f>, Pu6Fe lattice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GALLIUM alloys
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 8571330; Moore, K.T. 1 Wall, M.A. 1 Schwartz, A.J.; Email Address: schwartz6@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, L-355, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 306 Issue 2/3, p213; Subject Term: GALLIUM alloys; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fabritsiev, S.A.
AU  - Pokrovsky, A.S.
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
AU  - Ostrovsky, S.E.
T1  - Effect of helium on the swelling of GlidCop Al25 IG alloy
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 306
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 218
SN  - 00223115
AB  - This report presents data on the effect of neutron irradiation up to 0.5 dpa in the mixed spectrum SM-2 reactor at <f>Tirr&ap;160</f> and <f>&ap;</f>295 °C and on the TEM microstructure of GlidCop Al25 IG oxide dispersion strengthened copper after different heat treatments (<f>CR+annealed</f>, HIP). It is shown for the first time that a high helium generation rate in the alloy, due to boron introduced into the alloy in the capacity of deoxidizer, results in high-rate swelling of GlidCop Al25 IG of about 1%/dpa at 300 °C. It is shown that the average size of Al2O3 particles reduces under irradiation. The conclusion is made that the application of elements with high cross-sections of helium generation as deoxidizers can result in a substantial decrease of the resistance to swelling of copper alloys for fusion applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 8571331; Fabritsiev, S.A. 1; Email Address: fabrsa@sintez.niiefa.spb.su Pokrovsky, A.S. 2 Zinkle, S.J. 3 Ostrovsky, S.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: D.V. Efremov Scientific Research Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus, Sovetsky pr.1, Metallostroy, 196641 St. Petersburg, Russia  2: Scientific Research Institute of Atomic Reactors, 433510 Dimitrovgrad, Russia  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6376 USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 306 Issue 2/3, p218; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ding, H.
AU  - Engelbrecht, J.R.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Wang, S.-C.
AU  - Yang, H.-B.
AU  - Campuzano, J.C.
AU  - Takahashi, T.
AU  - Kadowaki, K.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
T1  - Superconducting coherent quasiparticle weight in high-Tc superconductor from angle-resolved photoemission
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2135
SN  - 00223697
AB  - We study the doping and temperature dependence of the single-particle coherent weight, zA, for high-Tc superconductors Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x using angle-resolved photoemission. We find that at low temperatures the coherent weight zA at <f>(π,0)</f> is proportional to the carrier concentration x and that the temperature-dependence of zA is similar to that of the c-axis superfluid density. We show that, for a wide range of carrier concentration, the superconducting transition temperature scales with the product of the low-temperature coherent weight and the maximum superconducting gap. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 8619922; Ding, H. 1; Email Address: dingh@bc.edu Engelbrecht, J.R. 1 Wang, Z. 1 Wang, S.-C. 1 Yang, H.-B. 1 Campuzano, J.C. 2,3 Takahashi, T. 4 Kadowaki, K. 5 Hinks, D.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA  3: Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Department of Physics, Tohoku University, 980 Sendai, Japan  5: Institute of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2135; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mook, H.A.
AU  - Dogan, F.
T1  - Phase diagram for stripes in YBa2Cu3O6+x superconductors
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2163
SN  - 00223697
AB  - Neutron scattering has been used to measure the charge and spin structure in the YBa2Cu3O6+x superconductors. Incommensurate static charge ordering is found at low doping levels while only charge fluctuations are found at higher doping. The spin structure is complex with both a commensurate resonance and incommensurate structure observed at low temperatures. The scattering results are used to construct a phase diagram for stripes in the YBa2Cu3O6+x system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - A. Superconductors
KW  - C. Neutron scattering
KW  - D. Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8619927; Mook, H.A. 1; Email Address: ham@ornl.gov Dogan, F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6393, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2163; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bansil, A.
AU  - Lindroos, M.
AU  - Sahrakorpi, S.
AU  - Markiewicz, R.S.
AU  - Gu, G.D.
AU  - Avila, J.
AU  - Roca, L.
AU  - Tejeda, A.
AU  - Asensio, M.C.
T1  - First principles simulations of energy and polarization dependent angle-resolved photoemission spectra of Bi2212
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2175
SN  - 00223697
AB  - We discuss first-principles simulations of angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) intensity in Bi2212 where the photoexcitation process is modeled realistically by taking into account the full crystal wavefunctions of the initial and final states in the presence of the surface. Some recent results aimed at understanding the effects of the energy and polarization dependencies of the ARPES matrix element are presented. The nature of the Fermi surface (FS) maps obtained via ARPES by holding the initial state energy fixed at the Fermi energy (EF) is clarified. The theoretically predicted FS map at 21 eV photon energy displays a remarkable level of agreement with the corresponding ARPES spectrum taken over a large area of the <f>(kx,ky)</f> plane. Our analysis shows how the ARPES matrix element can help disentangle closely spaced energy levels and FS sheets and highlight different aspects of the electronic spectrum in complex materials under various experimental conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - C. Ab initio calculations
KW  - D. Electronic structure
KW  - D. Fermi surface
N1  - Accession Number: 8619929; Bansil, A. 1; Email Address: bansil@neu.edu Lindroos, M. 1,2 Sahrakorpi, S. 1,2 Markiewicz, R.S. 1 Gu, G.D. 3 Avila, J. 4,5 Roca, L. 4,5 Tejeda, A. 4,5 Asensio, M.C. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115 USA  2: Institute of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, 33101 Tampere, Finland  3: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11975-5000, USA  4: Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Madrid (CSIC), 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain  5: LURE, Bât. 209D, Université Paris-Sud, BP34, 91898 Orsay, France; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2175; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Ab initio calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Fermi surface; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curro, N.J.
T1  - Probing spatial correlations in the inhomogeneous glassy state of the cuprates by Cu NMR
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2181
SN  - 00223697
AB  - We discuss the crossover of the form of the Cu Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin echo decay at the onset of Cu wipeout in lanthanum cuprates. Experimentally, the echo decay undergoes a crossover from Gaussian to exponential form below the temperature where the Cu NMR intensity drops. The wipeout and the change in behavior both arise because the nuclei experience spatially inhomogeneous spin fluctuations at low temperatures. We argue that regions where the spin fluctuations remain fast are localized on length scales of order 1–2 lattice spacings. The inhomogeneity is characterized by the local activation energy Ea(r); we estimate the functional form of Ea(r) for points where Ea>(r)∼0. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance
KW  - A. Superconductors
KW  - D. Nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - D. Nuclear quadrupolar resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 8619930; Curro, N.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2181; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Nuclear magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Nuclear quadrupolar resonance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, In-Sang
AU  - Klein, M.V.
AU  - Bud'ko, S.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Negative boron isotope effect of a ‘2Δ’ gap peak in Raman spectra from non-magnetic borocarbide superconductors
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2195
SN  - 00223697
AB  - The nickel borocarbides RNi2B2C, R=Y or Lu, have a superconducting Tc of 15–16 K and exhibit properties consistent with an anisotropic s-wave gap. We briefly review their properties. Electronic Raman scattering results are presented on YNi2B2C containing 11B or 10B. In A1g and B1g Raman symmetries, there is no shift in the position of the ‘2Δ’ peak with B-isotope. There is a distinct negative shift, however, in B2g symmetry. This is interpreted as a negative isotope shift for the gap Δ on that portion of the Fermi surface where the magnitude of the B2g Raman vertex is large. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - A. Superconductors
KW  - D. Phonons
N1  - Accession Number: 8619932; Yang, In-Sang 1 Klein, M.V. 2; Email Address: m-klein5@uiuc.edu Bud'ko, S. 3 Canfield, P.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea  2: Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2195; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHONONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phonons; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlson, E.W.
AU  - Orgad, D.
AU  - Kivelson, S.A.
AU  - Emery, V.J.
T1  - Stripes, electron fractionalization, and ARPES
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2213
SN  - 00223697
AB  - Although structurally the high temperature superconductors are quasi-two-dimensional, there is both theoretical and experimental evidence of a substantial range of temperatures in which ‘stripe’ correlations make the electronic structure locally quasi-one-dimensional. We consider an array of Josephson coupled, spin gapped one dimensional electron gases as a model of the high temperature superconductors. For temperatures above Tc, this system exhibits electron fractionalization, yielding a single particle spectral response which is sharp as a function of momentum, but broad as a function of energy. For temperatures below the spin gap but above Tc, there are enhanced one-dimensional superconducting fluctuations and pseudogap phenomena. Pair tunneling induces a crossover to three-dimensional physics as Tc is approached. Below Tc, solitons are confined in multiplets with quantum numbers which are simply related to the electron, and a coherent piece of the single particle spectral function appears. The weight of this coherent piece vanishes in the neighborhood of Tc in proportion to a positive power of the interchain superfluid density. This behavior is highly reminiscent of recent ARPES measurements on the high temperature superconductors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - FERMI liquid theory
KW  - D. Superconductivity
KW  - Non-Fermi liquid
KW  - Photoemission
N1  - Accession Number: 8619935; Carlson, E.W. 1; Email Address: ericac@physics.bu.edu Orgad, D. 2 Kivelson, S.A. 2 Emery, V.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  2: Department of Physics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  3: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2213; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: FERMI liquid theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-Fermi liquid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zasadzinski, J.F.
AU  - Ozyuzer, L.
AU  - Miyakawa, N.
AU  - Gray, K.E.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Kendziora, C.
T1  - Aspects of the tunneling dip feature in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ and its relation to the resonance spin excitation
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2247
SN  - 00223697
AB  - Break-junction tunneling data are reported in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ over a wide range of hole concentration from underdoped to overdoped. The strong conductance peaks in the superconducting state reveal a single gap consistent with d-wave symmetry. In addition, sharp dips are observed at a voltage, <f>Ω/e,</f> measured with respect to the gap edge. These features are shown to be reproduced in other junction types from the literature including atomically resolved STM and c-axis mesas, establishing their intrinsic character. Trends are observed with doping and temperature which link the dip to the resonance spin excitation and indicate that the quasiparticles are strongly coupled to this mode. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - A. Superconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 8619941; Zasadzinski, J.F. 1,2 Ozyuzer, L. 2,3 Miyakawa, N. 4 Gray, K.E. 2 Hinks, D.G. 2 Kendziora, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, Izmir Institute of Technology, TR-35437 Izmir, Turkey  4: Department of Applied Physics, Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan  5: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2247; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Superconductors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanaka, K.
AU  - Marsiglio, F.
T1  - Microscopic study of inhomogeneous superconductors
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2287
SN  - 00223697
AB  - We study various inhomogeneity effects on superconductivity as due to quantum confinement, surfaces and impurities, using the self-consistent Bogoliubov–de Gennes formalism on the attractive Hubbard model. The results are also compared with those obtained from the Anderson prescription, a BCS formalism for incorporating spatial inhomogeneity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - A. Surfaces
KW  - D. Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8619947; Tanaka, K. 1,2; Email Address: kaori.tanaka@usask.ca Marsiglio, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK., Canada S7N 5E2  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB., Canada T6G 2J1; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2287; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gromko, A.D.
AU  - Chuang, Y.-D.
AU  - Fedorov, A.V.
AU  - Aiura, Y.
AU  - Yamaguchi, Y.
AU  - Oka, K.
AU  - Ando, Y.
AU  - Dessau, D.S.
T1  - ARPES studies of c-axis intracell coupling in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 63
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2299
SN  - 00223697
AB  - Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy we have performed a detailed study of bilayer splitting in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ as a function of doping level and temperature. In heavily overdoped samples where the splitting is the clearest, we extract an intracell coupling t⊥∼55 meV. As a function of photon energy the intensity ratio of the bonding and antibonding bands varies, allowing us to detect the bilayer splitting effect in the optimal and underdoped regimes. Surprisingly, with reduced doping the intracell coupling is not measurably reduced. Upon cooling to the superconducting state, a gap Δ opens in both bands yet the magnitude of the splitting remains unchanged. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - C. Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - D. Electronic structure
KW  - D. Fermi surface
KW  - D. Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8619949; Gromko, A.D. 1 Chuang, Y.-D. 1,2 Fedorov, A.V. 1,2 Aiura, Y. 3 Yamaguchi, Y. 3 Oka, K. 3 Ando, Y. 4 Dessau, D.S. 1; Email Address: dessau@spot.colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0390, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan  4: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), 2-11-1 Iwato Kita, Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 63 Issue 12, p2299; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Fermi surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Golovkin, I.E.
AU  - Mancini, R.C.
AU  - Louis, S.J.
AU  - Lee, R.W.
AU  - Klein, L.
T1  - Analysis of X-ray spectral data with genetic algorithms
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
SN  - 00224073
AB  - An algorithmic method for the analysis of X-ray line spectra using genetic algorithms is presented. This technique permits the extraction of diagnostic information on the emitting medium from the spectral data. As an example of the method, plasma electron number density and temperature are extracted from the analysis of X-ray spectral data recorded in an Ar-doped inertial-confinement-fusion core. For the study of a sequence of gradually changing spectra, a combination of genetic algorithms and case-based reasoning that learns from experience is used to accelerate the analysis. The technique is general and can be applied to other plasma spectroscopy studies including analysis of spatially and temporally resolved line absorption or emission data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - PLASMA diagnostics
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Optimization algorithms
KW  - Plasma diagnostics
N1  - Accession Number: 7854082; Golovkin, I.E. 1; Email Address: rcman@physics.unr.edu Mancini, R.C. 1 Louis, S.J. 2 Lee, R.W. 3 Klein, L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p625; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: PLASMA diagnostics; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimization algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma diagnostics; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sohn, Michael D.
AU  - Reynolds, Pamela
AU  - Singh, Navtej
AU  - Gadgil, Ashok J.
T1  - Rapidly Locating and Characterizing Pollutant Releases in Buildings.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 52
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Focuses on the application of Bayesian statistics to interpret measurements of airborne pollutant concentrations from multiple sensors placed in the building and computation of best estimates and uncertainties of the release conditions. Impact of the release of airborne contaminants in or near a building, on human; Strategies to control the impact of pollutants on human; Assessment of the usefulness of Bayesian statistics.
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Chemicals
N1  - Accession Number: 12479602; Sohn, Michael D. 1; Reynolds, Pamela 1; Singh, Navtej 1; Gadgil, Ashok J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Indoor Environmental Department , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 52 Issue 12, p1; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Buildings; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Statistics; Subject Term: Chemicals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borca, Camelia N.
AU  - Adenwalla, S.
AU  - Liou, S.-H.
AU  - Xu, Q.L.
AU  - Robertson, J.L.
AU  - Dowben, P.A.
T1  - Neutron powder diffraction studies of the La0.65Pb0.35MnO3 perovskite
JO  - Materials Letters
JF  - Materials Letters
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 0167577X
AB  - The structure of La0.65Pb0.35MnO3 has been studied by neutron powder diffraction. From the temperature dependence of the lattice parameters, we observe that La0.65Pb0.35MnO3 remains single phase in the temperature interval from 25 to 400 K, with a rhombohedral (R3¯c) structure. The collinear Mn spins suffer a thermally driven reorientation transition close to the Curie temperature, as obtained from powder samples (using neutron diffraction) and from thin films [using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR)]. The reorientation transition may indicate the presence of local Jahn–Teller (JT) lattice distortions, which are prevented from developing with long-range order in the R3¯c crystal structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Ferromagnetic resonance
KW  - Jahn–Teller distortions
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Perovskites
KW  - Spin reorientation transition
N1  - Accession Number: 7919925; Borca, Camelia N. 1; Email Address: cborca@jilau1.colorado.edu Adenwalla, S. 1 Liou, S.-H. 1 Xu, Q.L. 1 Robertson, J.L. 2 Dowben, P.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0111, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 57 Issue 2, p325; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jahn–Teller distortions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin reorientation transition; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, Erdal
AU  - Hascicek, Yusuf S.
T1  - Texturing influence of process parameters in sol–gel Tb2O3 buffer layers on Ni tapes for YBCO coated conductors
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 96
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
SN  - 09215107
AB  - In this study, texturing influence of process parameters in sol–gel Tb2O3 buffer layers on textured Ni tapes was evaluated. A solution deposition process was used to grow epitaxial Tb2O3 buffer layers on the Ni tapes for YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) coated conductors. The Tb2O3 precursor solution was prepared using solvent, chelating agents and modifying chemical liquid materials. The solution was dip-coated onto the textured Ni substrates by a reel-to-reel sol–gel process. The amorphous thin films were dried at 300 °C for 30 s and then heat-treated at 500 °C for 2 min in air in the reel-to-reel sol–gel set up with a 3-zones furnace. The calcined films were annealed at temperature range of 750 and 1170 °C for 10–30 min under three different atmospheres. X-ray diffraction of the buffer layers indicated a strong c-axis orientation on the Ni tape substrate. The textured buffer layers were produced onto the textured Ni tapes at 1150 °C for 10 min under 4% H2–Ar gas flow thereby using modifying triethanol amin. Environment scanning electron microscopy images of the Tb2O3 buffer layer showed crack-free, pinhole-free, dense and smooth microstructure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TERBIUM
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Buffer layers
KW  - Number of dipping
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - Tb2O3
KW  - Texture and YBCO
KW  - Triethanol amin
N1  - Accession Number: 8548716; Celik, Erdal 1,2,3; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Hascicek, Yusuf S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  3: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, JFCC, 4-1 Mutsuno, 2-chome, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 96 Issue 3, p300; Subject Term: TERBIUM; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Number of dipping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tb2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture and YBCO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triethanol amin; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krueger, F.
AU  - Larson, J.
T1  - Chipmunk IV: development of and experience with a new generation of radiation area monitors for accelerator applications
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 495
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The operation of a high-energy accelerator complex presents challenging problems for radiation monitoring during “beam-on” conditions. As a response to these needs, Fermilab has developed several families of radiation monitoring instruments intended for use under beam-on conditions. One of these instruments is a tissue equivalent, ion chamber based, area monitor called a “Chipmunk”. This article describes the latest version of these monitors, specifically the Chipmunk IV, as developed at Fermilab. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION measurements
KW  - IONIZATION chambers
KW  - Accelerators
KW  - Radiation monitor
KW  - Tissue equivalent ionization chamber
N1  - Accession Number: 8549045; Krueger, F.; Email Address: fkrueger@fnal.gov Larson, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS 338, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 495 Issue 1, p20; Subject Term: RADIATION measurements; Subject Term: IONIZATION chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tissue equivalent ionization chamber; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dattoli, G.
AU  - Giannessi, L.
AU  - Ottaviani, P.L.
AU  - Freund, H.P.
AU  - Biedron, S.G.
AU  - Milton, S.
T1  - Two harmonic undulators and harmonic generation in high gain free electron lasers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 495
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We consider an undulator scheme to enhance harmonic generation in high gain free electron lasers. The configuration we consider consists of an undulator providing an on axis field oscillating in both transverse directions, with relatively integer multiple spatial periods. We discuss the spectral properties of the radiation emitted by relativistic electrons crossing this undulator and derive the equations describing the free electron laser evolution. We show that a device, exploiting such an undulator configuration, is a fairly useful tool to obtain simultaneous laser power at different harmonics. The analysis of the system evolution is achieved with two different simulation codes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 8549048; Dattoli, G. 1; Email Address: dattoli@frascati.enea.it Giannessi, L. 1 Ottaviani, P.L. 1 Freund, H.P. 2 Biedron, S.G. 3 Milton, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento Innovazione, ENEA, Division Fisica Applicata, Centro Ricerche Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 45, C.P. 65, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy  2: Science Applications International Corporation, Mc Lean, VA 22102, USA  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 495 Issue 1, p48; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camp, D.C.
AU  - Martz, H.E.
AU  - Roberson, G.P.
AU  - Decman, D.J.
AU  - Bernardi, R.T.
T1  - Nondestructive waste-drum assay for transuranic content by gamma-ray active and passive computed tomography
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 495
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A gamma-ray-based, active (A) and passive (P) computed tomography (CT) technology has been developed that locates, identifies and quantifies gamma-ray emitting isotopes, transuranic (TRU) and others, in nuclear waste drums. ACT uses a collimated external source and a HPGe detector to measure selected mono-energetic gamma-rays that are attenuated by waste-drum contents; a separate PCT measurement uses the HPGe detector to record the spectra of gamma-rays emitted from within a drum. The ACT attenuation images and the PCT emission spectra are coupled to quantitatively assay drum contents for ∼0.1–200 g of TRU isotopes. Calibration requires a single measurement of a known radioactive standard; construction of waste-drum surrogates is not required. Fixed and mobile systems demonstrated compliance with a DOE quality assurance program via several independent blind tests. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - Active (transmission) and passive (emission) computed tomography
KW  - Gamma-ray spectroscopy
KW  - Nondestructive assay
KW  - Transuranic isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 8549051; Camp, D.C. 1 Martz, H.E. 2; Email Address: martz2@llnl.gov Roberson, G.P. 2 Decman, D.J. 2 Bernardi, R.T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Bio-Imaging Research, Inc., Lincolnshire, IL 60069, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 495 Issue 1, p69; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active (transmission) and passive (emission) computed tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nondestructive assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transuranic isotopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, G.A.
AU  - Finfrock, C.C.
AU  - Snead Jr., C.L.
AU  - Hanson, A.L.
AU  - Murray, M.M.
T1  - Energy deposition in a thin copper target downstream and off-axis of a proton-radiography target
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 197
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A series of proton energy-deposition experiments was conducted to measure the energy deposited in a copper target located downstream and off-axis of a high-energy proton-radiography target. The proton/target interactions involved low-intensity bunches of protons at 24 GeV/c onto a spherical target consisting of concentric shells of tungsten and copper. The energy-deposition target was placed at five locations downstream of the proton-radiography target, off-axis of the primary beam transport, and was either unshielded or shielded by 5 or 10 cm of lead. Maximum temperature rises measured in the energy-deposition target due to single bunches of <f>5×1010</f> protons on the proton-radiography target were approximately 20 mK per bunch. The data indicated that the scattered radiation was concentrated close to the primary transport axis of the beam line. The energy deposited in the energy-deposition target was reduced by moving the target radially away from the primary transport axis. Placing lead shielding in front of the target further reduced the energy deposition. The measured temperature rises of the energy-deposition target were empirically correlated with the distance from the source, the number of protons incident on the proton-radiography target, the thickness of the lead shielding, and the angle of the energy-deposition target off-axis of the beam line from the proton-radiography target. The correlation of the experimental data that was developed provides a starting point for the evaluation of the shielding requirements for devices downstream of proton-radiography targets such as superconducting magnets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Cryogenic
KW  - Energy deposition
KW  - Liquid helium
KW  - Magnets
KW  - Protons
KW  - Spallation
KW  - Superconducting
N1  - Accession Number: 8792192; Greene, G.A. 1; Email Address: greene@bnl.gov Finfrock, C.C. 1 Snead Jr., C.L. 1 Hanson, A.L. 1 Murray, M.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 197 Issue 3/4, p247; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heutz, S.
AU  - Ferguson, A.J.
AU  - Rumbles, G.
AU  - Jones, T.S.
T1  - Morphology, structure and photophysics of thin films of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride
JO  - Organic Electronics
JF  - Organic Electronics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 15661199
AB  - The influence of the growth conditions on the properties of PTCDA thin films deposited by organic molecular beam deposition on glass substrates is presented. Powder X-ray diffraction studies show that only the <f>α</f> polymorph is formed, regardless of the growth conditions. By contrast, the film morphology depends specifically upon the deposition parameters, the observed crystal size increasing with growth temperature or after post-growth annealing. The spectroscopic properties (electronic absorption, fluorescence excitation and emission) are also found to be influenced by heat treatment and these are correlated with the changing crystal size in the PTCDA films. A qualitative model is presented in order to account for the photophysical properties of the films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Organic Electronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
N1  - Accession Number: 7915785; Heutz, S. 1 Ferguson, A.J. 1 Rumbles, G. 1,2 Jones, T.S. 1; Email Address: t.jones@ic.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Centre for Electronic Materials and Devices, Imperial College, South Kensington, London SW7 2AY, UK  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 3 Issue 3/4, p119; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norris, Boyana
AU  - Balay, Satish
AU  - Benson, Steven
AU  - Freitag, Lori
AU  - Hovland, Paul
AU  - McInnes, Lois
AU  - Smith, Barry
T1  - Parallel components for PDEs and optimization: some issues and experiences
JO  - Parallel Computing
JF  - Parallel Computing
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 28
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1811
SN  - 01678191
AB  - High-performance simulations in computational science often involve the combined software contributions of multidisciplinary teams of scientists, engineers, mathematicians, and computer scientists. One goal of component-based software engineering in large-scale scientific simulations is to help manage such complexity by enabling better interoperability among codes developed by different groups. This paper discusses recent work on building component interfaces and implementations in parallel numerical toolkits for mesh manipulations, discretization, linear algebra, and optimization. We consider several motivating applications involving partial differential equations and unconstrained minimization to demonstrate this approach and evaluate performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Parallel Computing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - Component-based software
KW  - Interface specification
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Scientific computing
N1  - Accession Number: 8545605; Norris, Boyana; Email Address: norris@mcs.anl.gov Balay, Satish 1; Email Address: balay@mcs.anl.gov Benson, Steven 1; Email Address: benson@mcs.anl.gov Freitag, Lori 1; Email Address: freitag@mcs.anl.gov Hovland, Paul 1; Email Address: hovland@mcs.anl.gov McInnes, Lois 1; Email Address: mcinnes@mcs.anl.gov Smith, Barry 1; Email Address: bsmith@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 28 Issue 12, p1811; Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Component-based software; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface specification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scientific computing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarrazin, P.
AU  - Blake, D.
AU  - Bish, D.
AU  - Vaniman, D.
AU  - Chipera, S.
AU  - Collins, S.A.
AU  - Elliott, S.T.
T1  - Robotic search for ices and hydrous minerals at the lunar poles using a combined X-ray diffraction and fluorescence instrument
JO  - Planetary & Space Science
JF  - Planetary & Space Science
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 50
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 1361
SN  - 00320633
AB  - There is a growing body of evidence that points to the survival of water or hydrous minerals on the Moon and the potential for large aqueous reservoirs in shadowed craters at the lunar poles. CheMin, an XRD/XRF instrument that is currently under development, could provide a definitive test of whether the polar hydrogen signal measured by the recent Lunar Prospector mission is an indication of a significant water reservoir or merely reflects an anomalously rich accumulation of solar-wind hydrogen. Proposed enhancements of CheMin could be used in conjunction with a drilling system capable of penetrating the upper few tens of centimeters of the lunar regolith to search for ices or hydrous minerals. This advanced version of the CheMin instrument would be within the size, mass, and power constraints of Ariane 5 micromissions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Planetary & Space Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ice
KW  - Lunar soil
KW  - Hydrous
N1  - Accession Number: 8574788; Sarrazin, P. 1,2; Email Address: p.sarrazin@enesad.fr; Blake, D. 1; Bish, D. 3; Vaniman, D. 3; Chipera, S. 3; Collins, S.A. 4; Elliott, S.T. 4; Affiliations: 1: NASA Ames Research Center, MS 239/4, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; 2: ENESAD, BP 87999, 21079 Dijon cedex, France; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-1, Geology/Geochemistry, P.O. Box 1663 MS D462, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 4: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Detector Advanced Development, MS 300-315L, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 50 Issue 14/15, p1361; Thesaurus Term: Ice; Subject Term: Lunar soil; Subject Term: Hydrous; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312113 Ice Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312110 Soft drink and ice manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bird, L.
AU  - Wüstenhagen, R.
AU  - Aabakken, J.
T1  - A review of international green power markets: recent experience, trends, and market drivers
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
SN  - 13640321
AB  - Green power marketing—the act of differentially selling electricity generated wholly or in part from renewable sources—has emerged in more than a dozen countries around the world. Almost two million customers worldwide buy green power today. This paper reviews green power marketing activity in Australia, Canada, Japan, the US, and in a number of countries in Europe to gain an understanding of consumer demand for electricity generated from renewable sources. It also examines key factors that influence market penetration of green power products, such as product designs, pricing, incentives, marketing strategies, policies, and product certification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - Customer choice
KW  - Deregulation
KW  - Green power marketing
KW  - Green pricing
N1  - Accession Number: 8546595; Bird, L. 1; Email Address: Lori_Bird@nrel.gov Wüstenhagen, R. 2; Email Address: rolf@sam-group.com Aabakken, J. 1; Email Address: jorn_aabakken@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: SAM Private Equity, Zollikerstrasse 60, CH-8702 Zollikon, Switzerland; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 6 Issue 6, p513; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Customer choice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deregulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green power marketing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green pricing; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - The hydrogen economy, the creation of the worldwide energy web and the redistribution of power on earth: By Jeremy Rifkin, Penguin Putnam, New York, NY, September 2002, 304 pp. ISBN 1-58542-193-6; $24.95, paperback
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 81
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 8545361; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p81; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Earth Summit 2002: a new deal: Edited by Felix Dodds and Toby Middleton, Earthscan Publications Ltd., London, UK, 2001 (Revised Edition), 384 pp. ISBN 1853838675, paperback
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 83
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 8545362; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS: 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p83; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hao, Y.
AU  - Lal, R.
AU  - Owens, L.B.
AU  - Izaurralde, R.C.
AU  - Post, W.M.
AU  - Hothem, D.L.
T1  - Effect of cropland management and slope position on soil organic carbon pool at the North Appalachian Experimental Watersheds
JO  - Soil & Tillage Research
JF  - Soil & Tillage Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 68
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 01671987
AB  - Soil organic matter is strongly related to soil type, landscape morphology, and soil and crop management practices. Therefore, long-term (15–36-years) effects of six cropland management systems on soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in 0–30 cm depth were studied for the period of 1939–1999 at the North Appalachian Experimental Watersheds (<3 ha, Dystric Cambisol, Haplic Luvisol, and Haplic Alisol) near Coshocton, OH, USA. Six management treatments were: (1) no tillage continuous corn with NPK (NC); (2) no tillage continuous corn with NPK and manure (NTC-M); (3) no tillage corn–soybean rotation (NTR); (4) chisel tillage corn–soybean rotation (CTR); (5) moldboard tillage with corn–wheat–meadow–meadow rotation with improved practices (MTR-I); (6) moldboard tillage with corn–wheat–meadow–meadow rotation with prevalent practices (MTR-P). The SOC pool ranged from 24.5 Mg ha−1 in the 32-years moldboard tillage corn (Zea mays L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–meadow–meadow rotation with straight row farming and annual application of fertilizer (N:P:<F>K=5</F>:9:17) of 56–112 kg ha−1 and cattle (Bos taurus) manure of 9 Mg ha−1 as the prevalent system (MTR-P) to 65.5 Mg ha−1 in the 36-years no tillage continuous corn with contour row farming and annual application of 170–225 kg N ha−1 and appropriate amounts of P and K, and 6–11 Mg ha−1 of cattle manure as the improved system (NTC-M). The difference in SOC pool among management systems ranged from 2.4 to 41 Mg ha−1 and was greater than 25 Mg ha−1 between NTC-M and the other five management systems. The difference in the SOC pool of NTC-M and that of no tillage continuous corn (NTC) were 16–21 Mg ha−1 higher at the lower slope position than at the middle and upper slope positions. The effect of slope positions on SOC pools of the other management systems was significantly less (<5 Mg ha−1). The effects of manure application, tillage, crop rotation, fertilizer rate, and soil and water conservation farming on SOC pool were accumulative. The NTC-M treatment with application of NPK fertilizer, lime, and cattle manure is an effective cropland management system for SOC sequestration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil & Tillage Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL classification
KW  - FARM management
KW  - TILLAGE
KW  - CROP rotation
KW  - Crop rotation
KW  - Cropland management
KW  - Manure
KW  - North Appalachian Experimental Watershed
KW  - Soil organic carbon pool
KW  - Tillage
N1  - Accession Number: 8621397; Hao, Y. 1 Lal, R. 1; Email Address: lal.1@osu.edu Owens, L.B. 2 Izaurralde, R.C. 3 Post, W.M. 4 Hothem, D.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210-1085, USA  2: USDA-ARS, North Appalachian Experimental Watershed, P.O. Box 488, Coshocton, OH 43812, USA  3: Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 901 D St. SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 68 Issue 2, p133; Subject Term: SOIL classification; Subject Term: FARM management; Subject Term: TILLAGE; Subject Term: CROP rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crop rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cropland management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manure; Author-Supplied Keyword: North Appalachian Experimental Watershed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic carbon pool; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tillage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115116 Farm Management Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115112 Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matsumura, Tadaaki
AU  - Kanno, Ryoji
AU  - Gover, Richard
AU  - Kawamoto, Yoji
AU  - Kamiyama, Takashi
AU  - Mitchell, Brian J.
T1  - Synthesis, structure and physical properties of LixNa1−xNiO2
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 152/153
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Solid solutions of LixNa1−xNiO2 were synthesized and their structures were determined by Rietveld analysis using time-of-flight (TOF) neutron diffraction data. Three phases were observed: monoclinic (C2/m) phase with x=0.00, rhombohedral(I) (R3¯m) phase with 0.13<x<0.15, rhombohedral(II) (R3¯m) phase with 0.70<x<1.00. Rietveld analysis of the rhombohedral(I) phase indicated no Ni disordering at the Li/Na (3a) site, and the disappearance of the cooperative Jahn–Teller ordering corresponds to the distance changes between the adjacent Ni layers. Magnetic properties were also measured for these phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - RIETVELD method
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - Layered rock-salt
KW  - LixNa1−xNiO2
KW  - Spin-glass transition
N1  - Accession Number: 8622316; Matsumura, Tadaaki 1; Email Address: matsu@echem.titech.ac.jp Kanno, Ryoji 1; Email Address: kanno@echem.titech.ac.jp Gover, Richard 2 Kawamoto, Yoji 2 Kamiyama, Takashi 3 Mitchell, Brian J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electronic Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan  2: Departmet of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Rokkko-dai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan  3: Neutron Science Laboratory (KENS), Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan  4: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700S, Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 152/153 Issue 3/4, p303; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: RIETVELD method; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered rock-salt; Author-Supplied Keyword: LixNa1−xNiO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin-glass transition; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singhal, S.C.
T1  - Solid oxide fuel cells for stationary, mobile, and military applications
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 152/153
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Among all designs of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), the most progress has been achieved with the tubular design. However, the electrical resistance of tubular SOFCs is high, and specific power output (W/cm2) and volumetric power density are (W/cm3) low. These low power densities make tubular SOFCs suitable only for stationary power generation and not very attractive for mobile applications. Planar SOFCs, in contrast, are capable of achieving very high power densities. Additionally, sizeable cost reductions are possible through a concept called “mass customization” that is being pursued in the US Department of Energy''s Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA). This concept involves the development of a 3–10 kW size core planar SOFC module that can be mass produced and then combined for different size applications in stationary power generation, transportation, and military market sectors, thus eliminating the need to produce custom-designed and inherently more expensive fuel cell stacks to meet a specific power rating. This paper discusses the recent work at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in support of the design and development of low-cost modular SOFC systems using lower temperature, anode-supported SOFCs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - FUEL cells
N1  - Accession Number: 8622329; Singhal, S.C. 1; Email Address: singhal@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 152/153 Issue 3/4, p405; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markov, A.V.
AU  - Polyakov, A.Y.
AU  - Smirnov, N.B.
AU  - Govorkov, A.V.
AU  - Biberin, V.I.
AU  - Korovin, N.S.
AU  - Gavrin, V.N.
AU  - Efimov, G.D.
AU  - Kalikhov, A.V.
AU  - Kozlova, Y.P.
AU  - Veretenkin, E.P.
AU  - Eremin, V.K.
AU  - Verbitskaya, E.M.
AU  - Bowles, T.J.
T1  - Electrical properties and deep levels in bulk solution grown GaAs crystal
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 46
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2161
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Electrical and photoelectrical properties, deep levels spectra and microcathodoluminescence spectra were measured for bulk high-resistivity GaAs samples grown from Ga-rich solution by a synthesis solute diffusion technique. It is shown that the main portion of the grown crystal is high-resistivity p-type with electrical properties determined by deep hole traps with the level near 0.43 eV from the valence band edge. The density of these 0.43 eV hole traps was shown to decrease with increasing distance from the crystallization front and the traps were associated with the deep hole traps observed earlier in Ga-rich liquid-phase-epitaxy-grown films. The single crystalline end portion of the crystal was semi-insulating n-type with a very low (some 10<f>14</f> cm<f>−3</f>) concentration of midgap EL2 donors. This end portion of the crystal was characterized by a very high photosensitivity. Possible advantages of the use of such material in radiation detectors are briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - CATHODOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - Bulk growth
KW  - Deep traps
KW  - GaAs
KW  - Semi-insulators
N1  - Accession Number: 7915984; Markov, A.V. 1 Polyakov, A.Y. 1; Email Address: polyakov@mail.girmet.ru Smirnov, N.B. 1 Govorkov, A.V. 1 Biberin, V.I. 1 Korovin, N.S. 1 Gavrin, V.N. 2 Efimov, G.D. 2 Kalikhov, A.V. 2 Kozlova, Y.P. 2 Veretenkin, E.P. 2 Eremin, V.K. 3 Verbitskaya, E.M. 3 Bowles, T.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Rare Metals, B. Tolmachevsky 5, Moscow 109017, Russia  2: Institute of Nuclear Research of RAS, Moscow 117312, Russia  3: A.F. loffe Physico-Technical Institute of RAS, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 46 Issue 12, p2161; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulk growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep traps; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-insulators; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higdon, Dave
T1  - The Spatial Moving Average Workshop.
JO  - Statistical Modelling: An International Journal
JF  - Statistical Modelling: An International Journal
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
EP  - 265
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 1471082X
AB  - Reports on a workshop on spatial moving average models held on May 20-22, 2001 at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington.  Applications using these models; Host and supporter of the workshop; Participants of the workshop.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - SEATTLE (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNIVERSITY of Washington
N1  - Accession Number: 8909876; Higdon, Dave 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p265; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: SEATTLE (Wash.); Subject Term: WASHINGTON (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNIVERSITY of Washington; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Gregory D.
AU  - Derbyshire, Alan
AU  - Clark, Robin J. H.
T1  - IN SITU SPECTROSCOPIC DETECTION OF LEAD SULPHIDE ON A BLACKENED MANUSCRIPT ILLUMINATION BY RAMAN MICROSCOPY.
JO  - Studies in Conservation
JF  - Studies in Conservation
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 250
EP  - 256
SN  - 00393630
AB  - This study investigates a common pigment degradation process, the darkening of lead white by its conversion to lead sulphide (PbS), that is often assumed to have taken place before restoration treatments are applied. For the first time, Raman spectra similar to those obtained from mineral galena (PbS) have been acquired directly from the surface of a manuscript illumination suffering from lead white discoloration. These data, which were collected using a new generation, highly sensitive Raman microscope, indicate that previously published Raman spectra of PbS on historical materials were the result of laser-induced degradation of that material during the analysis. This new instrumentation can be used routinely for the situ, non-destructive identification of lead white degradation products prior to restoration treatments and provides a means of studying the effects of conservation treatments on artists' materials. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Este estudio trata el proceso de degradación de un pigmento común: el oscurecimiento del blanco de plomo a sulfuro de plomo (PbS), del que se asume habitualmente que tiene lugar antes de que sea aplicado tratamiento de restauración alguno. Por primera vez espectros Raman similares a los que se obtienen para el mineral galena (PbS) han sido obtenidos directamente de la superficie de un manuscrito iluminado que sufría la mencionada típica decoloración del blanco de plomo. Estos datos, que fueron tomados usando un microscopio de nueva generación Raman de alta sensibilidad, indican que los espectros Raman previamente publicados de PbS analizando materiales históricos eran el resultado de la degradación en ese material inducida por láser durante los análisis. Esta nueva generación puede ser usada de manera rutinaria in situ, obteniéndose una identificación no destructiva de los productos de degradación del blanco de plomo anteriores a los procesos de restauración; nos aporta además medios de estudio de los efectos de los tratamientos de conservación en los materiales para artistas. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Cette étude concerne un processus courant de dégradation d'un pigment, à savoir le noircissement du blanc de plomb par transformation en sulfure de plomb (PbS), qu'on suppose souvent être survenu avant un traitement de restauration. Pour la première fois, on a pu acquérir directement à partir de la surface d'un manuscrit enluminé sujet au noircissement du blanc de plomb un spectre Raman identique à celui du minerai de galène (PbS). Ces données, obtenues grâce à une nouvelle génération de microscopes Raman à haute sensibilité, ont montré que les spectres Raman de PbS de matériaux historiques publiés antérieurement résultaient d'une dégradation du matériau induite par le laser au cours de l'analyse. La nouvelle instrumentation peut âtre utilisée de façon courante pour l'identification non destructive et in situ des produits de dégradation du blanc de plomb avant un traitement de restauration; elle fournit un moyen d'étude des effets des traitements de restauration sur les matériaux artistiques. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - In dieser Studie wird die Umwandlung von Bleiweiß in dunkles Bleisulfid untersucht, von der angenommen wird, daß sie häufig vor einer Restaurierungsmaßnahme stattfindet. Erstmals konnten Ramanspektren, die mit denen von mineralischem Galenit (PbS) übereinstimmen, direkt auf der Oberfläche einer Bleiweißverschwärzungen aufweisenden Buchmalerei erhalten werden. Die Spektren konnten mit Hilfe eines einer neuen Generation angehörenden, hochempfindlichen Raman-Mikroskops aufgenommen werden. Die Daten legenden Schluß nahe, daß die bisher auf historischem Material erhaltenen Ramanspektren von PbS ein Produkt des laserinduzierten Abbaus des Materials während der Analyse waren. Das neue Instrumentarium kann zur Zerstörungsfreien in situ Identifizierung der Abbauprodukte von Bleiweiß genutzt werden, wie sie vor einer Restaurierung vorliegen. Es erlaubt daher Aussagen über die Effekte von Konservierungsmaßnahmen an Künstlermaterialien. (German) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Studies in Conservation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lead sulfide
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Pigments
KW  - Art -- Conservation & restoration
KW  - Raman effect
KW  - Manuscripts
N1  - Accession Number: 34252617; Smith, Gregory D. 1; Derbyshire, Alan 2; Clark, Robin J. H. 3; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, PO Box 5000, National Synchroton Light Source, Bldg 725D, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 2: Conservation Department, Victoria & Albert Museum, South Kensington, London SW7 2RL, UK; 3: Christopher Ingold Laboratory, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 47 Issue 4, p250; Thesaurus Term: Lead sulfide; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Pigments; Subject Term: Art -- Conservation & restoration; Subject Term: Raman effect; Subject Term: Manuscripts; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rose, H.
T1  - Theory of electron-optical achromats and apochromats
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 93
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
SN  - 03043991
AB  - A detailed theoretical formulation of the primary and secondary chromatic aberrations of electron-optical systems with a straight optic axis is outlined. To simplify the mathematical expenditure only systems composed of magnetic round lenses and magnetic and electrostatic quadrupoles are taken into account. By appropriately arranging these elements, it is possible to construct feasible electron-optical analogues of light-optical achromats and apochromats. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACHROMATISM
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - MAGNETIC lenses
KW  - Apochromat
KW  - Electron-optical achromat
KW  - Primary chromatic aberrations
KW  - Secondary chromatic aberrations
N1  - Accession Number: 8571380; Rose, H. 1; Email Address: rose@ltoi.iap.physik.tu-darmstadt.de; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 93 Issue 3/4, p293; Subject Term: ACHROMATISM; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC lenses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apochromat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron-optical achromat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Primary chromatic aberrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary chromatic aberrations; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glass, R. J.
AU  - Nicholl, M. J.
AU  - Pringle, S. E.
AU  - Wood, T. R.
T1  - Unsaturated flow through a fracture-matrix network: Dynamic preferential pathways in mesoscale laboratory experiments.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 17-1
EP  - 17-17
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We conducted two laboratory experiments at the meter scale in which water was applied to the top of an initially dry, uncemented wall composed of porous bricks. One experiment (Experiment 1) encouraged evaporation and resulting mineral precipitation, while the other (Experiment 2) was designed to minimize these processes. In both cases, processes acting within the fracture network controlled early time behavior, forming discrete pathways and demonstrating fractures to act as both flow conductors and capillary barriers. At a later time, evaporation-mineral precipitation in Experiment 1 constrained flow, strengthening some pathways and starving others. In Experiment 2, the wetted structure took on the appearance of a diffuse plume; however, individual pathways persisted within the wetted structure and interacted, displaying erratic outflow over a wide range of timescales, including switching between pathways. Thus, under conditions of constant supply and both with and without evaporation-mineral precipitation, unsaturated flow through fractured rock can create dynamic preferential pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fracture network
KW  - preferential flow
KW  - unsaturated flow
KW  - vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87143882; Glass, R. J. 1; Nicholl, M. J. 2; Pringle, S. E. 1; Wood, T. R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Geohydrology Department, Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Department of Materials, Metallurgical, Mining, and Geological Engineering, University of Idaho; 3: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p17-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture network; Author-Supplied Keyword: preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: vadose zone; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stein, Otto R.
AU  - LaTray, Dean A.
T1  - Experiments and modeling of head cut migration in stratified soils.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 20-1
EP  - 20-12
SN  - 00431397
AB  - A two-dimensional model is developed to predict head cut migration rate for the specific case of a relatively erosion-resistant soil layer overlying a deep, relatively erosive base soil. For this geometry, head cut migration can occur as a series of discrete mass failures of the surface layer caused by undercutting in a plunge pool formed immediately downstream. The length scale of one failure episode is modeled as a cantilevered slab failing in bending. The timescale for each failure episode is controlled by the rate and geometry of base layer scour, which is modeled independently of cantilevered slab properties. An integration of the two model components for the case of steady flow and uniform soil properties predicts linear upstream head cut migration with time, occurring in discrete steps bounded by successive mass failure events. The model is calibrated and tested in a series of flume experiments representing ideal conditions of different initial geometries and flow conditions. Head cut migration occurred by the proposed mechanism in a nearly linear rate. Average error between the observed and predicted retreat rate is 40%, most of this error is attributable to prediction of the scour hole shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - erosion
KW  - free overfall
KW  - gully
KW  - knickpoint
KW  - rill
KW  - scour
N1  - Accession Number: 87143911; Stein, Otto R. 1; LaTray, Dean A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil Engineering, Montana State University; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p20-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: free overfall; Author-Supplied Keyword: gully; Author-Supplied Keyword: knickpoint; Author-Supplied Keyword: rill; Author-Supplied Keyword: scour; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001166
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walvoord, Michelle A.
AU  - Plummer, Mitchell A.
AU  - Phillips, Fred M.
AU  - Wolfsberg, Andrew V.
T1  - Deep arid system hydrodynamics 1. Equilibrium states and response times in thick desert vadose zones.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 44-1
EP  - 44-15
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Quantifying moisture fluxes through deep desert soils remains difficult because of the small magnitude of the fluxes and the lack of a comprehensive model to describe flow and transport through such dry material. A particular challenge for such a model is reproducing both observed matric potential and chloride profiles. We propose a conceptual model for flow in desert vadose zones that includes isothermal and nonisothermal vapor transport and the role of desert vegetation in supporting a net upward moisture flux below the root zone. Numerical simulations incorporating this conceptual model match typical matric potential and chloride profiles. The modeling approach thereby reconciles the paradox between the recognized importance of plants, upward driving forces, and vapor flow processes in desert vadose zones and the inadequacy of the downward-only liquid flow assumption of the conventional chloride mass balance approach. Our work shows that water transport in thick desert vadose zones at steady state is usually dominated by upward vapor flow and that long response times, of the order of 104-105 years, are required to equilibrate to existing arid surface conditions. Simulation results indicate that most thick desert vadose zones have been locked in slow drying transients that began in response to a climate shift and establishment of desert vegetation many thousands of years ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - chloride
KW  - matric potential
KW  - modeling
KW  - vapor flow
N1  - Accession Number: 87143877; Walvoord, Michelle A. 1,2; Plummer, Mitchell A. 1,3; Phillips, Fred M. 1; Wolfsberg, Andrew V. 4; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Science Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology; 2: Now at U.S. Geological Survey, Lakewood, Colorado, USA.; 3: Now at Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA.; 4: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p44-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: chloride; Author-Supplied Keyword: matric potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: vapor flow; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000824
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alumbaugh, David
AU  - Chang, Ping Yu
AU  - Paprocki, Lee
AU  - Brainard, James R.
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
AU  - Rautman, Christopher A.
T1  - Estimating moisture contents in the vadose zone using cross-borehole ground penetrating radar: A study of accuracy and repeatability.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 45-1
EP  - 45-12
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the accuracy and precision of moisture content estimates derived from cross-borehole ground penetrating radar (XBGPR) measurements made within the vadose zone. Both numerical simulations and field data demonstrate that although a certain amount of image smearing occurs under ideal conditions the general trends in the spatial variation of the moisture content can be estimated by a simple empirical transformation from images of electromagnetic (EM) wave velocity. The field results are verified by comparing the radar-derived images of volumetric moisture content to neutron log derived values. When an appropriate site-specific conversion from radar wave velocity to moisture content is applied, a root mean square (RMS) error of 2.0-3.1% volumetric moisture content exists between the two sets. Further comparison of the two different data sets along with analysis of plots of the ray density through each cell indicates that regions of high moisture content are better resolved than regions of low moisture and that most of the discrepancy between radar-derived and neutron-derived moisture contents occurs in regions of high moisture content. Better spatial resolution can be provided if dense station spacing is used. However, the amount of extra time required to acquire the extra data may limit the usefulness of the method. Repeatability measurements made with five data sets demonstrate that the precision error of the data acquisition system employed averages about 0.54 ns, which translates to about a 0.5% error in moisture content estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GPR
KW  - moisture content
KW  - vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87143872; Alumbaugh, David 1; Chang, Ping Yu 1; Paprocki, Lee 2,3; Brainard, James R. 4; Glass, Robert J. 4; Rautman, Christopher A. 4; Affiliations: 1: Geological Engineering Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico, USA.; 3: Now at Komex, Westminster, California, USA.; 4: Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p45-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: GPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: moisture content; Author-Supplied Keyword: vadose zone; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000754
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moridis, George J.
T1  - Semianalytical solutions of radioactive or reactive solute transport in variably fractured layered media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 46-1
EP  - 46-24
SN  - 00431397
AB  - In this paper, semianalytical solutions are developed for the problem of transport of radioactive or reactive solute tracers through a layered system of heterogeneous fractured media with misaligned fractures. The tracer transport equations in the nonflowing matrix account for (1) diffusion, (2) surface diffusion, (3) mass transfer between mobile and immobile water fractions, (4) linear kinetic or equilibrium physical, chemical, or combined sorption or colloid filtration, and (5) radioactive decay or first-order chemical reactions. The tracer transport equations in the fractures account for the same processes, in addition to advection and hydrodynamic dispersion. Any number of radioactive decay daughter products (or products of a linear, first-order reaction chain) can be tracked. The solutions, which are analytical in the Laplace space, are numerically inverted to provide the solution in time and can accommodate any number of fractured and/or porous layers. The solutions are verified using analytical and numerical solutions for limiting cases of solute and colloid transport through fractured and porous media. The effect of important parameters on the transport of 3H, 99Tc, 237Np, and 239Pu (and its daughters) is investigated in several test problems involving layered geological systems of varying complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - layered fractured rocks
KW  - matrix-fracture systems
KW  - radioactive tracers
KW  - semianalytical solutions
KW  - solute transport
N1  - Accession Number: 87143874; Moridis, George J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p46-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: layered fractured rocks; Author-Supplied Keyword: matrix-fracture systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: radioactive tracers; Author-Supplied Keyword: semianalytical solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute transport; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holt, Robert M.
AU  - Wilson, John L.
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
T1  - Spatial bias in field-estimated unsaturated hydraulic properties.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 47-1
EP  - 47-11
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We use a Monte Carlo approach to explore the potential impact of observation and inversion model errors on the spatial statistics of field-estimated unsaturated hydraulic properties. For this analysis we simulate tension infiltrometer measurements in a series of idealized realities, each consisting of spatially correlated random property fields. We consider only simple measurement errors that can be easily modeled. We show that estimated hydraulic properties are strongly biased by small, simple observation and inversion model errors. This bias can lead to order-of-magnitude errors in spatial statistics and artificial cross correlation between measured properties. The magnitude of bias varies with the true mean of the property field, the type of error considered, and the type of spatial statistic. We find no unique indicators of bias as property values may appear reasonable and spatial statistics may look realistic. Our results suggest new concerns for geostatisticians, stochastic modelers, and unsaturated zone practitioners who are unaware of the potential impact of spatial bias in field-estimated properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - geostatistics
KW  - hydraulic property measurement
KW  - inversion model error
KW  - measurement error
KW  - spatial bias
KW  - unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87143906; Holt, Robert M. 1; Wilson, John L. 2; Glass, Robert J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, University of Mississippi; 2: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology; 3: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p47-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: geostatistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydraulic property measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: inversion model error; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurement error; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001336
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mays, David C.
AU  - Faybishenko, Boris A.
AU  - Finsterle, Stefan
T1  - Information entropy to measure temporal and spatial complexity of unsaturated flow in heterogeneous media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2002/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 49-1
EP  - 49-11
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Geologic heterogeneity, coupled with the nonlinear interplay of gravity, capillarity, and applied pressure gradients, results in a rich variety of flow behaviors in unsaturated fractured rocks and porous media. In this paper, we evaluate the complexity of these behaviors using information entropy. We create an empirical probability distribution function directly from a data set, then apply Shannon's definition of information entropy to quantify the complexity of the data. As an example, we use information entropy to evaluate the temporal and spatial complexity of simulated flow processes invoked by infiltration into heterogeneous porous media. Our analysis shows that the complexity of this unsaturated flow process depends on both geologic heterogeneity and uncertainty arising from the flow dynamics. Finally, we investigate the marginal value of additional data collection using randomly selected 'virtual wells.' These calculations demonstrate that computed information entropy increases with additional virtual wells, but the rate of increase declines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - complexity
KW  - information entropy
KW  - unsaturated flow
N1  - Accession Number: 87143889; Mays, David C. 1,2; Faybishenko, Boris A. 1; Finsterle, Stefan 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2: Also at Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.; Issue Info: 2002, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p49-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: information entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated flow; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001185
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curtis, Peter S.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Bolstad, Paul
AU  - Barford, Carol
AU  - Randolph, J.C.
AU  - Schmid, H.P.
AU  - Wilson, Kell B.
T1  - Biometric and eddy-covariance based estimates of annual carbon storage in five eastern North American deciduous forests
JO  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
JF  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 113
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 01681923
AB  - Quantifying net carbon (C) storage by forests is a necessary step in the validation of carbon sequestration estimates and in assessing the possible role of these ecosystems in offsetting fossil fuel emissions. In eastern North America, five sites were established in deciduous forests to provide measurements of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) using micro-meteorological methods, and measures of major carbon pools and fluxes, using a combination of forest mensurational, eco-physiological, and other biometric methods. The five study sites, part of the AmeriFlux network, ranged across 10° of latitude and 18° of longitude, but were all of similar age, canopy height, and stand basal area. Here we present a cross-site synthesis of annual carbon storage estimates, comparing meteorological and biometric approaches, and also comparing biometric estimates based on analyses of autotrophic carbon pools and heterotrophic carbon fluxes (net ecosystem production, NEP) versus those based on measurements of change in two major carbon pools (ΔC). Annual above-ground net primary production (ANPP) varied nearly two-fold among sites and was strongly correlated with average annual temperature and with annual soil nitrogen mineralization (Nmin). Estimates of NEP ranged from 0.7 Mg C per hectare per year in northern lower Michigan to 3.5 Mg C per hectare per year in central Indiana, and were also well correlated with Nmin. There was less variation among sites in estimates of ΔC (range, 1.8–3.2 Mg C per hectare per year). In general, ΔC more closely matched NEE than did NEP, but there was no systematic pattern among sites in over- versus under-estimation of the biometric compared to the meteorologically based measures. Root and soil carbon dynamics were significant sources of uncertainty in our biometric measures and represent a prerequisite area of study needed for accurate estimates of forest carbon storage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agricultural & Forest Meteorology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOREST ecology
KW  - CARBON
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - AmeriFlux
KW  - Annual carbon storage
KW  - Deciduous forests
KW  - Net ecosystem exchange
KW  - Net ecosystem productivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7910448; Curtis, Peter S. 1; Email Address: curtis.7@osu.edu Hanson, Paul J. 2 Bolstad, Paul 3 Barford, Carol 4 Randolph, J.C. 5 Schmid, H.P. 5 Wilson, Kell B. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1293, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55455, USA  4: Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  5: Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  6: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 113 Issue 1-4, p3; Subject Term: FOREST ecology; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: AmeriFlux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annual carbon storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deciduous forests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Net ecosystem exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Net ecosystem productivity; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davidson, E.A.
AU  - Savage, K.
AU  - Bolstad, P.
AU  - Clark, D.A.
AU  - Curtis, P.S.
AU  - Ellsworth, D.S.
AU  - Hanson, P.J.
AU  - Law, B.E.
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - Pregitzer, K.S.
AU  - Randolph, J.C.
AU  - Zak, D.
T1  - Belowground carbon allocation in forests estimated from litterfall and IRGA-based soil respiration measurements
JO  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
JF  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 113
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 01681923
AB  - Allocation of C to belowground plant structures is one of the most important, yet least well quantified fluxes of C in terrestrial ecosystems. In a literature review of mature forests worldwide,  suggested that total belowground carbon allocation (TBCA) could be estimated from the difference between annual rates of soil respiration and aboveground litterfall. Here we analyze new measurements of soil respiration and litterfall, including data from the Ameriflux network. Our results generally agree with Raich and Nadelhoffer’s previous work. A regression analysis of data from mature forests produced the following relationship: annual soil <F>respiration=287+2.80×annual</F> litterfall. This regression slope indicates that, on average, soil respiration is roughly three times aboveground litterfall-C, which further implies that TBCA is roughly twice annual aboveground litterfall-C. These inferences are based on the uncertain assumption of soil C stocks being at steady state. Nevertheless, changes in soil C would have to be very large to modify the conclusion that TBCA is generally much larger than litterfall. Among only mature temperate hardwood forests, however, the correlation between litterfall and soil respiration was poor, and the correlation among years for a single site was also poor. Therefore, the regression cannot be relied upon to provide accurate estimates of soil respiration or TBCA for individual sites. Moreover, interannual variation in TBCA, short-term changes in C stocks, or different temporal scales controlling leaf litter production and soil respiration may cause important deviations from the global average. The regression slope for data from young forests is steeper, possibly indicating proportionally greater TBCA, but the steady-state assumption is more problematic for young forests. This method for estimating TBCA may be most appropriate where interannual variation is averaged over several years of observations and where a near-steady-state assumption of soil, litter, and root C stocks is least problematic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agricultural & Forest Meteorology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CARBON cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - FOREST ecology
KW  - Carbon cycling
KW  - Carbon dioxide (CO2)
KW  - Forest ecosystems
KW  - Forest soil
KW  - Infrared gas analyzers
KW  - Roots
KW  - Soil carbon
N1  - Accession Number: 7910452; Davidson, E.A. 1; Email Address: edavidson@whrc.org Savage, K. 1 Bolstad, P. 2 Clark, D.A. 3 Curtis, P.S. 4 Ellsworth, D.S. 5 Hanson, P.J. 6 Law, B.E. 7 Luo, Y. 8 Pregitzer, K.S. 9 Randolph, J.C. 10 Zak, D. 11; Affiliation:  1: The Woods Hole Research Center, P.O. Box 296, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA  2: Department of Forest Resources, Green Hall 115, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA  3: Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, INTERLINK-341, P.O. Box 02-5635, Miami, FL 33102, USA  4: Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1293, USA  5: Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA  6: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA  7: College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  8: Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0245, USA  9: School of Forestry and Wood Products, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA  10: School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  11: School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1115, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 113 Issue 1-4, p39; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: CARBON cycle (Biogeochemistry); Subject Term: FOREST ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide (CO2); Author-Supplied Keyword: Forest ecosystems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forest soil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared gas analyzers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Roots; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil carbon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bychkov, E.
AU  - Price, D.L.
AU  - Benmore, C.J.
AU  - Hannon, A.C.
T1  - Ion transport regimes in chalcogenide and chalcohalide glasses: from the host to the cation-related network connectivity
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 154/155
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Recent ionic conductivity and tracer diffusion measurements over a large range of the mobile ion content x, carried out for Ag+- and Cu+-conducting chalcogenide and chalcohalide glasses, show two distinctly different ion transport regimes above the percolation threshold at &ap;30 ppm M+: (i) a critical percolation regime at low x, and (ii) modifier-controlled ion transport at high x. Using a number of structural and spectroscopic techniques (high-resolution neutron diffraction, small-angle neutron scattering, high-energy X-ray diffraction, EXAFS, 129I-Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy), we will show that the two regimes have a clear structural basis. Transport properties in the critical percolation domain depend almost exclusively on the connectivity of the host matrix represented by the average coordination number 〈n0〉: the nature of the mobile cations and chemical form of the dopant or of the host network do not play any important role. In contrast, the connectivity of the cation-related structural units MYz (Y=chalcogen or halide, z=3 or 4), evidenced by the short M–M correlations (from 2.7 to 4.2 A˚) and reflected by the M–M coordination number, appears to be predominant in the modifier-controlled region. Highly connected edge- or corner-sharing (ES or CS) MYz units, which form at least 2D sheets or tunnels in the glass network, lead to the highest mobility of the M+ ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHALCOGENIDES
KW  - ION swarms
KW  - Critical percolation and modifier-controlled ion transport regimes
KW  - Ion conducting chalcogenide and chalcohalide glasses
KW  - Network connectivity
KW  - Neutron diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 8576645; Bychkov, E. 1; Email Address: bychkov@univ-littoral.fr Price, D.L. 2 Benmore, C.J. 2 Hannon, A.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: LPCA, UMR 8101 CNRS, Université du Littoral, 145 Avenue Marice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France  2: MSD and IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: ISIS Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 154/155 Issue 1/2, p349; Subject Term: CHALCOGENIDES; Subject Term: ION swarms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical percolation and modifier-controlled ion transport regimes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion conducting chalcogenide and chalcohalide glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network connectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, E.
AU  - Avci, E.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - Synthesis and characterization of high temperature compatible ZrO2 insulation coatings on Ag/AgMg sheathed Bi-2212 wires and tapes
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 161
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
SN  - 02578972
AB  - High temperature compatible ZrO2 insulation coatings have been successfully fabricated on Ag and AgMg sheathed Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox (Bi-2212) superconducting wires and tapes for high magnetic field magnets. Solutions were prepared from a zirconium based organometallic compound, solvent and chelating agent. The ZrO2 was coated on Ag and AgMg sheathed Bi-2212 wires and tapes at 500 °C for 2 min in air using a reel-to-reel, continuous sol–gel technique and these tapes were subsequently annealed at ∼860 °C in a flowing oxygen atmosphere. The relationship between the solutions and the coatings was evaluated. With reference to environment scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric and X-ray diffraction studies, different steps in the process leading to the formation of ZrO2 are discussed. These studies indicate that the formation of cubic ZrO2 starts at approximately 450–550 °C and thin film thickness increases with number of dipping operations. The average adhesive strength of ZrO2 was found to be 0.763 MPa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - Adhesive strength
KW  - HTS conductor
KW  - Insulation
KW  - Self-insulating substrate tapes
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - ZrO2
N1  - Accession Number: 7911138; Celik, E. 1,2; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Avci, E. 3 Hascicek, Y.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory-FSU, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  3: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya University, Esentepe Campus, Sakarya 54187, Turkey; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 161 Issue 2/3, p179; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesive strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: HTS conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-insulating substrate tapes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZrO2; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, P.M.
AU  - Olsen, L.C.
AU  - Johnston, J.W.
AU  - Depoy, D.M.
T1  - Investigation of sputtered HfF4 films and application to interference filters for thermophotovoltaics
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 420/421
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The optical properties of sputter deposited hafnium fluoride films and their use in fabricating a front surface, interference filter for thermophotovoltaic energy conversion were investigated. In particular, HfF4 films were being considered for the low index component in a multilayer interference filter that will selectively transmit photons in the wavelength range of 1.0–2.4 μm, and strongly reflect all other wavelengths. Processes were developed for sputter depositing HfF4 films with an index of refraction between 1.5 and 1.6, and an extinction coefficient below 0.001 in the 1.0–2.4 μm wavelength range. All HfF4 coatings were deposited by RF reactive magnetron sputtering with pressed powder targets. Chamber pressure during depositions ranged from 0.27 to 1.33 Pa, and RF power ranged from 50 W (0.91 W/cm2) to 150 W (2.73 W/cm2). Deposition rates depended primarily on target power and ranged from 0.03 to 0.1 nm/s. All depositions were performed with Ar as the sputtering gas. Resputtering effects due to plasma and adatom bombardment and neutral Ar atoms reflected off the target played an important role in sputter deposition of hafnium fluoride. Film thickness and composition varied strongly with substrate distance from the target axis. Resputtering of growing films by energetic argon atoms also resulted in strongly absorptive, fluorine-deficient films on the substrate platform near the target axis. However, films became increasingly more stoichiometric and transmissive as one moves away from the target axis. The films were found to be amorphous or weakly crystalline. Nine-layer interference filters were fabricated utilizing HfF4 and an Si:H alloy for the low- and high-index components, respectively. Physisorbed water in the HfF4 layers and Si&z.sbnd;H bond stretching were the primary sources of absorption between 1 and 12 μm wavelengths. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - HfF4 films
KW  - Thermophotovoltaic
N1  - Accession Number: 8621570; Martin, P.M. 1; Email Address: peter.martin@pnl.gov Olsen, L.C. 1 Johnston, J.W. 1 Depoy, D.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  2: Lockheed Martin, Schenectady, NY, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 420/421, p8; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: HfF4 films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermophotovoltaic; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, P.
AU  - Hseuh, H.C.
AU  - Todd, R.J.
T1  - Metallization of ceramic vacuum chambers for SNS ring injection kicker magnets
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 420/421
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Ceramic chambers will be used in the pulsed kicker magnets for the injection of H− into the US Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accumulator ring. There are two reasons for using ceramic chambers in kickers: (1) to avoid shielding of a fast-changing external magnetic field by metallic chamber walls; and (2) to reduce heating due to eddy currents. The inner surfaces of the ceramic chambers will be coated with a conductive layer, possibly titanium (Ti) or copper (Cu) with a titanium nitride (TiN) overlayer, to reduce the beam coupling impedance and provide passage for beam image current. This paper describes the development of sputtering method for the 0.83 m long 16 cm inner diameter ceramic chambers. Coatings of Ti, Cu and TiN with thicknesses up to 10 μm were produced by means of DC magnetron sputtering. The difficulty of coating insulators was overcome with the introduction of an anode screen. Films with good adhesion, uniform longitudinal thickness, and conductivity were produced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - MAGNETRONS
KW  - Ceramic chamber
KW  - Injection kicker
KW  - Magnetron sputtering
KW  - TiN
KW  - Titanium nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 8621575; He, P. 1 Hseuh, H.C. 1 Todd, R.J.; Email Address: rtodd@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Collider–Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 420/421, p38; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNETRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramic chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injection kicker; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetron sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: TiN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium nitride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jankowski, A.F.
AU  - Hayes, J.P.
AU  - Felter, T.E.
AU  - Evans, C.
AU  - Nelson, A.J.
T1  - Sputter deposition of silicon–oxide coatings
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 420/421
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Fused silica and Si–Ox coatings are of interest for use under high flux conditions of laser light. Si–Ox coatings are sputter deposited from silicon and fused quartz targets using planar magnetrons operated in the r.f. mode with a variable working-gas mixture of Argon–Oxygen. A series of coatings are prepared on optically flat, fused quartz substrates. Analysis of surface curvature reveals the deposition process conditions that minimize residual stress. Compressive stress levels that exceed 1.5 GPa can be reduced to less than 0.4 GPa for an optimum working-gas pressure. Characterization using Rutherford backscattering and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that both the fused quartz and silicon targets can be used to sputter deposit coatings with the chemical bonding features of the fused-quartz substrate material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSED silica
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - Fused quartz
KW  - Silicon–oxide coatings
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8621576; Jankowski, A.F.; Email Address: jankowski1@llnl.gov Hayes, J.P. 1 Felter, T.E. 1 Evans, C. 1 Nelson, A.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 420/421, p43; Subject Term: FUSED silica; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fused quartz; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon–oxide coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Windisch Jr., Charles F.
AU  - Ferris, Kim F.
AU  - Exarhos, Gregory J.
AU  - Sharma, Shiv K.
T1  - Conducting spinel oxide films with infrared transparency
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 420/421
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Mixed transition metal spinel oxide (AB2O4) films deposited from solution or by means of magnetron sputtering are found to exhibit resistivities as low as 3.0 mΩ cm and optical transparency to wavelengths near 15 μm. These remarkable properties are achieved when metal cations selected from group VIII in the periodic table are resident in the spinel lattice. Both cation charge state and site occupancy significantly influence properties in these relatively high refractive index and chemically robust films. Post-deposition annealing of deposited films in air always led to decreased resistivity but little change in the optical transmission was seen. In order to verify the small polaron charge transport mechanism that drives the conductivity, Raman spectra and both van der Pauw and Seebeck measurements were acquired as a function of film temperature and cation composition. Results indicate the importance of cation disorder on the conductivity and along with results from electronic structure simulations suggest processing avenues to further tailor film properties. These include partial substitution of lithium for cations resident on the tetrahedral lattice sites and gross replacement of first row transition metal cations with those deeper in the periodic table. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - SPINEL
KW  - Electrical conductivity
KW  - Infrared transparency
KW  - Spinel oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 8621583; Windisch Jr., Charles F. 1 Ferris, Kim F. 1 Exarhos, Gregory J. 1; Email Address: greg.exarhos@pnl.gov Sharma, Shiv K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  2: Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, Honolulu, HI, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 420/421, p89; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: SPINEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared transparency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spinel oxide; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jankowski, Alan F.
AU  - Hayes, Jeffrey P.
T1  - Ti–Cr–Al–O thin film resistors
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/12/02/
VL  - 420/421
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Thin films of Ti–Cr–Al–O are produced for use as an electrical resistor material. The films are rf sputter deposited from ceramic targets using a reactive working gas mixture of Ar and O2. Vertical resistivity values that range from 104 to 1010 Ω-cm are measured for Ti–Cr–Al–O films. The film resistivity can be design selected through control of the target composition and the deposition parameters. The Ti–Cr–Al–O thin film resistor is found to be thermally stable unlike other metal-oxide films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - Electrical resistors
KW  - Resistivity
KW  - Rf sputtering
N1  - Accession Number: 8621649; Jankowski, Alan F.; Email Address: jankowski1@llnl.gov Hayes, Jeffrey P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 420/421, p487; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical resistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rf sputtering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamakov, V.
AU  - Wolf, D.
AU  - Phillpot, S.R.
AU  - Gleiter, H.
T1  - Deformation twinning in nanocrystalline Al by molecular-dynamics simulation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2002/12/03/
VL  - 50
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 5005
SN  - 13596454
AB  - We use a recently developed, massively parallel molecular-dynamics code for the simulation of polycrystal plasticity to elucidate the intricate interplay between dislocation and GB processes during room-temperature plastic deformation of model nanocrystalline-Al microstructures. Our simulations reveal that under relatively high stresses (of 2.5 GPa) and large plastic strains (of ~12%), extensive deformation twinning takes place, in addition to deformation by the conventional dislocation-slip mechanism. Both heterogeneous and homogeneous nucleation of deformation twins is observed. The heterogeneous mechanism involves the successive emission of Shockley partials from the grain boundaries onto neighboring slip planes. By contrast, the homogeneous process takes place in the grain interiors, by a nucleation mechanism involving the dynamical overlap of the stacking faults of intrinsically and/or extrinsically dissociated dislocations. Our simulations also reveal the mechanism for the formation of a new grain, via an intricate interplay between deformation twinning and dislocation nucleation from the grain boundaries during the deformation. The propensity for deformation twinning observed in our simulations is surprising, given that the process has never been observed in coarse-grained Al and that the well-known pole mechanism cannot operated for such a small grain size. It therefore appears that the basic models for deformation twinning should be extended with particular emphasis on the role of grain-boundary sources in nanocrystalline materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Aluminium
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Deformation twinning
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Nanocrystal
N1  - Accession Number: 8543988; Yamakov, V. 1 Wolf, D. 1 Phillpot, S.R. 1 Gleiter, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 212, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 50 Issue 20, p5005; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation twinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahmadi, Goodarz
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Gas flow and particle deposition in the hot-gas filter vessel of the Pinon Pine project
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2002/12/04/
VL  - 128
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00325910
AB  - Advanced pressurized fluidized bed combustors (PFBC) and integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC) as economical clean coal technologies for the 21st century have attracted considerable attention. The success of these advanced coal energy systems hinges on effective and reliable commercial-scale filtration of gases at very high temperatures. The Pinon Pine hot-gas filtration system is the first industrial-scale application of an advanced particle filtration system in the United States. The system currently is becoming operational and will provide significant practical insights into operation of the industrial-scale hot-gas cleaning process.This study is concerned with a computer simulation of hot-gas flow and particle transport and deposition in the Pinon Pine filter vessel. The FLUENT™ code is used for evaluating the gas mean velocity, mean pressure, and the state of turbulence in the filter vessel. The 748 filters arranged into four tiers are modeled as four effective cylindrical filters. The particle equation of motion that includes the nonlinear drag and the gravity is used. The particle deposition patterns are evaluated, and the effect of particle size is studied. The results show that, for clean filters, the particle deposition rate of particles on different tiers depends on particle size. These differences could lead to nonuniform cake compositions and thicknesses on the candle filters in different tiers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS flow
KW  - FILTERS & filtration
KW  - PINYON pines
KW  - Gas flow
KW  - Hot-gas filter vessel
KW  - Pinon Pine project
N1  - Accession Number: 7788236; Ahmadi, Goodarz 1 Smith, Duane H. 2; Email Address: duane.smith@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5725, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, P.O. Box 880, Morgantown, WV 26507-880, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 128 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: GAS flow; Subject Term: FILTERS & filtration; Subject Term: PINYON pines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-gas filter vessel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinon Pine project; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davoudiasl, H.
AU  - Hewett, J.L.
AU  - Rizzo, T.G.
T1  - Gravi-burst: super-GZK cosmic rays from localized gravity
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2002/12/05/
VL  - 549
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The flux of cosmic rays beyond the GZK cutoff (<f>∼1020</f> eV) may be explained through their production by ultra high energy cosmic neutrinos, annihilating on the relic neutrino background, in the vicinity of our galaxy. This process, known as the <f>Z</f>-burst mechanism, is mediated through the production of a <f>Z</f> boson at resonance. We propose a similar mechanism and call it gravi-burst, where the particles produced at resonance are the Kaluza–Klein gravitons of weak scale mass and coupling from the Randall–Sundrum hierarchy model of localized gravity. Under certain assumptions about the energy spectrum of the primary neutrinos we find that cosmic ray data could be potentially as powerful as the LHC in probing this model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - NEUTRINO astrophysics
N1  - Accession Number: 8571494; Davoudiasl, H. 1 Hewett, J.L. 1,2; Email Address: hewett@slac.stanford.edu Rizzo, T.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94309, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 549 Issue 3/4, p267; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: NEUTRINO astrophysics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolesnichenko, Ya.I.
AU  - Lutsenko, V.V.
AU  - Marchenko, V.S.
AU  - White, R.B.
T1  - Effect of trapped energetic ions on MHD activity in spherical tori
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2002/12/09/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 03759601
AB  - It is shown that the increase of <f>β</f> (the ratio of plasma pressure to the magnetic field pressure) may change the character of the influence of trapped energetic ions on MHD stability in spherical tori. Namely, the energetic ions, which stabilize MHD modes (such as the ideal kink mode, collisionless tearing mode and semi-collisional tearing mode) at low <f>β</f>, have a destabilizing influence at high <f>β</f> unless the radial distribution of the energetic ions is very peaked. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 8577082; Kolesnichenko, Ya.I. 1 Lutsenko, V.V. 1 Marchenko, V.S. 1 White, R.B. 2; Email Address: rwhite@pppl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, PO Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 305 Issue 5, p245; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Jared D.
AU  - DeSain, John D.
AU  - Taatjes, Craig A.
T1  - Infrared laser absorption measurements of HCl(<f>v=1</f>) production in reactions of Cl atoms with isobutane, methanol, acetaldehyde, and toluene at 295 K
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2002/12/10/
VL  - 366
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Absolute rate coefficients and branching ratios for production of HCl(<f>v=1</f>) are measured for the reactions of Cl with <f>(CH3)3CH</f>, <f>CH3OH</f>, <f>CH3CHO</f>, and <f>C6H5CH3</f>. The fractions of HCl(<f>v=1</f>) produced (<f>f=HCl(v=1)/HCl</f> (total)) are <f>f((CH3)3CH)=0.03±0.02</f>, <f>f(CH3OH)=0.12±0.02</f>, <f>f(CH3CHO)=0.54±0.04</f>, and <f>f(C6H5CH3)=0.47±0.03</f>; a significant fraction of the exothermicity appears in HCl vibration. Rate coefficients at 295 K are <f>k((CH3)3CH)=(1.49±0.02)×10−10</f>, <f>k(CH3OH)=(5.6±0.2)×10−11</f>, <f>k(CH3CHO)=(8.3±0.1)×10−11</f>, and <f>k(C6H5CH3)=(6.1±0.2)×10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HYDROCHLORIC acid
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 7788836; Smith, Jared D. DeSain, John D. 1 Taatjes, Craig A.; Email Address: cataatj@ca.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, MS 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 366 Issue 3/4, p417; Subject Term: HYDROCHLORIC acid; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sessler, Jonathan L.
AU  - Gorden, Anne E.V.
AU  - Seidel, Daniel
AU  - Hannah, Sharon
AU  - Lynch, Vincent
AU  - Gordon, Pamela L.
AU  - Donohoe, Robert J.
AU  - Drew Tait, C.
AU  - Webster Keogh, D.
T1  - Characterization of the interactions between neptunyl and plutonyl cations and expanded porphyrins
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/12/10/
VL  - 341
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
SN  - 00201693
AB  - The synthesis of a new hexapyrrolic expanded porphyrin, hexaphyrin (1.0.1.0.0.0) (1), that was found to form unique complexes of the actinide cations neptunyl (NpO2 +) and uranyl (UO2 2+) was recently reported (Sessler et al., Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 40 (2001) 591). The present study was undertaken in an effort to generalize these findings and involves an analysis of the neptunyl (NpO2 +) and plutonyl, (PuO2 +) coordination chemistry of several other expanded porphyrin systems, including those previously reported as having formed uranyl (UO2 2+) cation complexes, in particular amethyrin ([24]hexaphyrin(1.0.0.1.0.0), 2), pentaphyrin, ([22]pentaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1), 4), and the Schiff base macrocycle, alaskaphyrin (5). This study was broadened to include the Schiff base ligand 6 (grandephyrin) and its previously unreported uranyl (UO2 2+) complex. Within moments of addition of a neptunium(VI) source to methanol solutions of the expanded porphyrins 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, dramatic changes in the UV–Vis spectra are observed that are consistent with formation of a neptunyl complex and, in several cases, oxidation of the macrocycle. Similar changes were also observed when hexaphyrin (1), pentaphyrin (4), alaskaphyrin (5), and grandephyrin (6) were exposed to PuO2 2+. Corroborative changes are also observed in the associated 1H NMR spectra and in those portions of the electronic spectrum associated with the actinide cations. Although the formation of the proposed neptunyl and plutonyl complexes could not be substantiated by X-ray diffraction methods, the solid-state structure of the uranyl complex formed from 6 was elucidated and is presented in this report. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - MACROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - Actinides
KW  - Macrocycles
KW  - Macrocyclic ligand complexes
KW  - Neptunium
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Porphyrins
N1  - Accession Number: 8576190; Sessler, Jonathan L. 1; Email Address: sessler@mail.utexas.edu Gorden, Anne E.V. 1 Seidel, Daniel 1 Hannah, Sharon 1 Lynch, Vincent 1 Gordon, Pamela L. 2 Donohoe, Robert J. 2 Drew Tait, C. 2 Webster Keogh, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1167, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, G.T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, G.T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 341, p54; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: MACROCYCLIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Macrocycles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Macrocyclic ligand complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neptunium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porphyrins; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jenks, Cynthia J.
AU  - Ross, Amy R.
AU  - Lograsso, Thomas A.
AU  - Whaley, Josh A.
AU  - Bastasz, Robert
T1  - Angle-resolved low-energy ion scattering studies of quasicrystalline Al–Pd–Mn
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2002/12/10/
VL  - 521
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We present angle-resolved low-energy ion scattering data that provide information about the composition of the topmost surface layers and atomic arrangement for a clean, 5-fold surface of a single-grain of icosahedral Al–Pd–Mn. The results show that the surface of this material has 5-fold periodicity and has a surface composition with a higher Al content than the bulk material (Al-86, Pd-13, Mn-1 versus Al-71, Pd-20, Mn-9 atom%). A predominant neighbor atom distance of <f>7.6±0.5</f> A˚ is calculated from the results, consistent with scanning probe measurements and bulk models of Al–Pd–Mn quasicrystals. We calculate a nearest neighbor distance of <f>3.0±0.2</f> A˚. We also find that a Pd-rich layer exists just below an Al-rich outer layer, in agreement with dynamical low-energy electron diffraction calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - ALUMINUM compounds
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - and topography
KW  - Low energy ion scattering (LEIS)
KW  - Manganese
KW  - morphology
KW  - Palladium
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 8565629; Jenks, Cynthia J. 1; Email Address: cjenks@iastate.edu Ross, Amy R. 2 Lograsso, Thomas A. 2 Whaley, Josh A. 3 Bastasz, Robert 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 521 Issue 1/2, p34; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM compounds; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy ion scattering (LEIS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, D.
AU  - Merminga, L.
AU  - Krafft, G.
AU  - Yunn, B.
AU  - Sundelin, R.
AU  - Delayen, J.
AU  - Kim, S.
AU  - Doleans, M.
T1  - Cumulative beam break-up study of the spallation neutron source superconducting linac
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2002/12/11/
VL  - 495
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Beam instabilities due to High Order Modes (HOMs) are a concern to superconducting (SC) linacs such as the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) linac. The effects of pulsed mode operation on transverse and longitudinal beam breakup instability are studied for H− beam in a consistent manner for the first time. Numerical simulation indicates that cumulative transverse beam breakup instabilities are not a concern in the SNS SC linac, primarily due to the heavy mass of H− beam and the HOM frequency spread resulting from manufacturing tolerances. As little as ±0.1 MHz HOM frequency spread stabilizes all the instabilities from both transverse HOMs, and also acts to stabilize the longitudinal HOMs. Such an assumed frequency spread of ±0.1 MHz HOM is small, and hence conservative compared with measured values of <f>σ=0.00109(fHOM−f0)/f0</f> obtained from Cornell and the Jefferson Lab Free Electron Laser cavities. However, a few cavities may hit resonance lines and generate a high heat load. It is therefore prudent to have HOM dampers to avoid the danger of quenching a cavity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beam instabilities
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Beam breakup
KW  - Cumulative
KW  - HOM
KW  - Instability
KW  - Superconducting linac
N1  - Accession Number: 8622424; Jeon, D. 1; Email Address: jeond@ornl.gov Merminga, L. 2 Krafft, G. 2 Yunn, B. 2 Sundelin, R. 2 Delayen, J. 2 Kim, S. 1 Doleans, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: SNS Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 701 Scarboro Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: Jefferson Laboratory, 12000 Jefferson Ave., Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 495 Issue 2, p85; Subject Term: PARTICLE beam instabilities; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam breakup; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cumulative; Author-Supplied Keyword: HOM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting linac; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kelly, John J.
AU  - Chernov, Boris K.
AU  - Tovstanovsky, Igor
AU  - Mirzabekov, Andrei D.
AU  - Bavykin, Sergei G.
T1  - Radical-generating coordination complexes as tools for rapid and effective fragmentation and fluorescent labeling of nucleic acids for microchip hybridization
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 311
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 00032697
AB  - DNA microchip technology is a rapid, high-throughput method for nucleic acid hybridization reactions. This technology requires random fragmentation and fluorescent labeling of target nucleic acids prior to hybridization. Radical-generating coordination complexes, such as 1,10-phenanthroline–Cu(II) (OP–Cu) and Fe(II)–EDTA (Fe–EDTA), have been commonly used as sequence nonspecific “chemical nucleases” to introduce single-strand breaks in nucleic acids. Here we describe a new method based on these radical-generating complexes for random fragmentation and labeling of both single- and double-stranded forms of RNA and DNA. Nucleic acids labeled with the OP–Cu and the Fe–EDTA protocols revealed high hybridization specificity in hybridization with DNA microchips containing oligonucleotide probes selected for identification of 16S rRNA sequences of the Bacillus group microorganisms.We also demonstrated cDNA- and cRNA-labeling and fragmentation with this method. Both the OP–Cu and Fe–EDTA fragmentation and labeling procedures are quick and inexpensive compared to other commonly used methods. A column-based version of the described method does not require centrifugation and therefore is promising for the automation of sample preparations in DNA microchip technology as well as in other nucleic acid hybridization studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Biochemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acid hybridization
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - 1,10-phenanthroline–Cu
KW  - Coordination complexes
KW  - DNA
KW  - Fe–EDTA
KW  - Fragmentation
KW  - Labeling
KW  - Radicals
KW  - RNA
N1  - Accession Number: 8578919; Kelly, John J. 1 Chernov, Boris K. 2 Tovstanovsky, Igor 2 Mirzabekov, Andrei D. 3 Bavykin, Sergei G. 2; Email Address: sbavykin@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Northwestern University, Department of Civil Engineering, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Englehardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Vavilova 32, Moscow 117984, Russia; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 311 Issue 2, p103; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acid hybridization; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,10-phenanthroline–Cu; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coordination complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe–EDTA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Labeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Collier, T. Lee
AU  - Lecomte, Roger
AU  - McCarthy, Timothy J.
AU  - Meikle, Steve
AU  - Ruth, Thomas J.
AU  - Scopinaro, Francesco
AU  - Signore, Alberto
AU  - VanBrocklin, Henry
AU  - Van de Wiel&, Christophe
AU  - Waterhouse, Rikki N.
T1  - Assessment of cancer-associated biomarkers by positron emission tomography: Advances and challenges.
JO  - Disease Markers
JF  - Disease Markers
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 18
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 247
PB  - Hindawi Publishing Corporation
SN  - 02780240
AB  - Positron emission tomography (PET) provides a powerful means to non-invasively image and quantify protein expression and biochemical changes in living subjects at nano- and picomolar levels. As the field of molecular imaging develops, and as advances in the biochemistry, pharmacology, therapeutics, and molecular biology of disease are made, there is a corresponding increase in the number of clinically relevant, novel disease-associated biomarkers that are brought to the attention of those developing imaging probes for PET. In addition, due to the high specificity of the PET radiotracers being developed, there is a demand for PET cameras with higher sensitivity and resolution. This manuscript reviews advances over the past five years in clinical and pre-clinical PET instrumentation and in new PET probes and imaging methods associated with the latest trends in the molecular imaging of cancer. Included in the PET tracer review is a description of new radioligands for steroid receptors, growth factor receptors, receptor tyrosine kinases, sigma receptors, tumor-associated enzymes, gene reporter probes, markers for tumor hypoxia and metabolism, and sites associated with angiogenesis and cellular proliferation. The use of PET imaging in drug development, including the monitoring of cancer chemotherapy, also is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Disease Markers is the property of Hindawi Publishing Corporation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE tracers
KW  - EMISSION tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 11621168; Collier, T. Lee 1 Lecomte, Roger 2 McCarthy, Timothy J. 3 Meikle, Steve 4 Ruth, Thomas J. 5 Scopinaro, Francesco 6 Signore, Alberto 6 VanBrocklin, Henry 7 Van de Wiel&, Christophe 8 Waterhouse, Rikki N. 9; Email Address: rnw7@columbia.edu.; Affiliation:  1: PETNET Pharmaceuticals, North Wales, PA, USA.  2: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.  3: Pharmacia Peapack, NJ, USA.  4: Department of PET and Nuclear Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.  5: UBC/TRIUMF PET Program, University of British Columbia, Canada.  6: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy.  7: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA, USA.  8: Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.  9: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY USA.; Source Info: 2002, Vol. 18 Issue 5/6, p211; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE tracers; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deivanayagam, Champion C.S.
AU  - Wann, Elisabeth R.
AU  - Wei Chen
AU  - Carson, Mike
AU  - Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.
AU  - Höök, Magnus
AU  - Narayana, Sthanam V.L.
T1  - A novel variant of the immunoglobulin fold in surface adhesins of Staphylococcus aureus: crystal structure of the fibrinogen-binding MSCRAMM, clumping factor A.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 21
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 6660
EP  - 6672
SN  - 02614189
AB  - We report here the crystal structure of the minimal ligand-binding segment of the Staphylococcus aureus MSCRAMM, clumping factor A. This fibrinogen-binding segment contains two similarly folded domains. The fold observed is a new variant of the immunoglobulin motif that we have called DE-variant or the DEv-IgG fold. This subgroup includes the ligand-binding domain of the collagen-binding S.aureus MSCRAMM CNA, and many other structures previously classified as jelly rolls. Structure predictions suggest that the four fibrinogen-binding S.aureus MSCRAMMs identified so far would also contain the same DEv-IgG fold. A systematic docking search using the C-terminal region of the fibrinogen γ-chain as a probe suggested that a hydrophobic pocket formed between the two DEv-IgG domains of the clumping factor as the ligand-binding site. Mutagenic substitution of residues Tyr256, Pro336, Tyr338 and Lys389 in the clumping factor, which are proposed to contact the terminal residues 408AGDV411 of the γ-chain, resulted in proteins with no or markedly reduced affinity for fibrinogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIBRINOGEN
KW  - HEMOSTATICS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULIN G
KW  - STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus
KW  - COLLAGEN
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - adhesins/clumping factor A/crystal structure/ immunoglobulin fold/Staphylococcus aureus.
N1  - Accession Number: 12956304; Deivanayagam, Champion C.S. 1 Wann, Elisabeth R. 2,3 Wei Chen 2 Carson, Mike 1 Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R. 4 Höök, Magnus 2 Narayana, Sthanam V.L. 1; Email Address: narayana@uab.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Biophysical Sciences and Engineering, School of Optometry, 244 CBSE, 1025 18th Street South, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0005.  2: lnstitute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Extracellular Matrix Biology, 2121 West Holcombe Boulevard, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030-303.  3: Lexicon Genetics Inc., 8800 Technology Forest Place, The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA.  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 725A-X9, Upton, NY 119773, USA.; Source Info: 12/15/2002, Vol. 21 Issue 24, p6660; Subject Term: FIBRINOGEN; Subject Term: HEMOSTATICS; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; Subject Term: STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; Subject Term: COLLAGEN; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: adhesins/clumping factor A/crystal structure/ immunoglobulin fold/Staphylococcus aureus.; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdf619
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - K. Leung, V. K.
AU  - Wright, A. F.
T1  - Lead Zirconate at Ambient and High Pressure.
JO  - Ferroelectrics
JF  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 281
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 186
SN  - 00150193
AB  - A recently reported pressure-induced phase transformation in PbZrO 3 is investigated by simulated annealing, with ab initio molecular dynamics and pseudopotentials. Our results suggest that, as pressure increases, M 3 -like oxygen rotations are frozen into the orthorhombic antiferroelectric structure. The first order phase transformation occurs at a pressure in reasonable agreement with experiments. This high pressure orthorhombic phase ( I ′) exhibits small but reproducible Γ-like (i.e., ferroelectric) distortions. We also re-examine the PbZrO 3 antiferroelectric phase structure at ambient pressure. Strain and metal ion relaxations are found to significant lowering in energy. The low temperature rhombohedral ferroelectric phase and the orthorhombic antiferroelectric phase are shown to be very similar in energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - density functional theory
KW  - Lead zirconate
KW  - phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 11426318; K. Leung, V. K. 1 Wright, A. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, M.S. 1415, Albuquerque, N.M. 87111, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 281 Issue 1, p171; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: density functional theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead zirconate; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase transition; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00150190190028257
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Morgan, James J.
T1  - Outer-sphere electron transfer kinetics of metal ion oxidation by molecular oxygen
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 66
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4223
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Density functional theory molecular orbital calculations and Marcus theory have been combined to assess the rates and physicochemical factors controlling the outer-sphere oxidation of divalent V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co aquo and hydroxo ions by O2 in homogeneous aqueous solution. Key quantities in the elementary oxidation step include the inner-sphere component of the reorganization energy, the thermodynamic driving force, and electrostatic work terms describing the interactions occurring, in this case, between the net charges on the product species. Collectively, these factors and their interplay have a large influence on the rate of the oxidation cross-reaction.An inner-sphere pathway for the self-exchange reactions and oxidation by O2 of Mn2+ and Cr2+ ions has been supported indirectly in this study by comparing predicted outer-sphere rates with the results of previous experiments. Likewise, an outer-sphere pathway is suggested for the similar sets of reactions involving the V, Fe, and Co ions. An assessment of the self-exchange reaction for the oxygen/superoxide couple has led to predicted rates in excellent agreement with direct measurements. Predicted rates of oxidation for the hexaquo Fe ion are also in agreement with experiment, while the predicted rates for the outer-sphere oxidation of its hydrolysis products are ∼2 to 3 (monohydroxo) and ∼4 (dihydroxo) orders of magnitude slower than the observed rates. This suggests an inner-sphere pathway is appropriate to explain the relatively fast rates observed for the hydrolyzed Fe species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 8666875; Rosso, Kevin M. 1 Morgan, James J. 2; Email Address: kevin.rosso@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 66 Issue 24, p4223; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Jasinski, J.
AU  - Washburn, J.
T1  - Comparison between structural properties of bulk GaN grown in liquid Ga under high N pressure and GaN grown by other methods
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 246
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
SN  - 00220248
AB  - In this paper defects formed in GaN grown by different methods are reviewed. Formation of particular defects are often related to the crystallographic direction in which the crystals grow. For bulk crystals the highest growth rates are observed for directions perpendicular to the c-axis. Threading dislocations and nanopipes along the c-axis are not formed in these crystals, but polarity of the growth direction plays a role concerning defects that are formed and surface roughness. For growth of homoepitaxial layers, where growth is forced to take place in the c-direction threading dislocations are formed and their density is related to the purity of constituents used for growth and to substrate surface inhomogeneities. In heteroepitaxial layers two other factors: lattice mismatch and thermal expansion mismatch are related to the formation of dislocations. Doping of crystals can also lead to the formation of defects characteristic for a specific dopant. This type of defects tends to be growth method independent but can depend on growth polarity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - A1. Defects
KW  - A1. Magnesium doping
KW  - A1. Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - A2. Bulk
KW  - A3. Hydride vapor phase epitaxy
KW  - B1. Homoepitaxial and heteroepitaxial gallium nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 7788634; Liliental-Weber, Z.; Email Address: z_liliental-weber@lbl.gov Jasinski, J. 1 Washburn, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62/203 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 246 Issue 3/4, p259; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Magnesium doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Bulk; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Hydride vapor phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Homoepitaxial and heteroepitaxial gallium nitride; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belashchenko, K.D.
AU  - Antropov, V.P.
T1  - Atomistic, microstructural and micromagnetic aspects of the multiscale modeling of hysteretic phenomena in hard magnets
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 253
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We formulate a technique which combines the first-principles, micromagnetic and microstructural calculations and allows us to study the nature of hysteretic phenomena in hard magnets. Two distinct sources of coercivity in polytwinned CoPt-type magnets, domain wall pinning at antiphase boundaries and splitting at twin boundaries, are illustrated for a realistic microstructure. Methodology of multiscale modeling of hysteretic phenomena in nanoscale magnets is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - Hard magnets
KW  - Hysteretic phenomena
KW  - Multiscale modeling
KW  - Polytwinned
N1  - Accession Number: 8791430; Belashchenko, K.D. 1 Antropov, V.P.; Email Address: antropov@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 253 Issue 3, p87; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hysteretic phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiscale modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polytwinned; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCleskey, T. Mark
AU  - Ehler, Deborah S.
AU  - Young, Jennifer S.
AU  - Pesiri, David R.
AU  - Jarvinen, Gordon D.
AU  - Sauer, Nancy N.
T1  - Asymmetric membranes with modified gold films as selective gates for metal ion separations
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 210
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 03767388
AB  - Thin layers of gold (700 A˚) were deposited on manufactured alumina pourous supports to yield nanopores with openings of <7 nm. A self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of alkyl thiols was then attached to provide a hydrophobic support for trialkyl phosphine oxide-based metal ion carriers. The resulting gated membranes provided a barrier to ions including H+, and Ca2+, NO3−, and CH3COO−. When an aqueous feed solution of 4.2 mM uranyl nitrate and 1 M lithium nitrate pH 4, and a receiving solution of 1 M sodium acetate pH 5.5 were used 100% of the metal was transported across the membrane by facilitated transport via the phosphate or phosphine oxide carrier. The thin gates transported metal ions as neutral nitrate complexes with fluxes high enough to be limited by the alumina support. The flux rates of 200,000 metal ions per pore per second are only a factor of 5 below that observed for the potassium channel. High selectivity of U over Eu is observed until the [U] is <0.84 mM in the feed solution, despite the fact the Eu actually transports faster when U is not present. This work demonstrates that selectivity can be added without impeding transport by using thin selective layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEMBRANES (Technology)
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
KW  - LIQUID membranes
KW  - Composite membranes
KW  - Facilitated transport
KW  - Inorganic membranes
KW  - Liquid membranes
KW  - Microporous
KW  - Porous membranes
N1  - Accession Number: 7787823; McCleskey, T. Mark; Email Address: tmark@lanl.gov Ehler, Deborah S. 1 Young, Jennifer S. 1 Pesiri, David R. 1 Jarvinen, Gordon D. 1 Sauer, Nancy N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Actinide, Catalysis, and Separations Chemistry, MS J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 210 Issue 2, p273; Subject Term: MEMBRANES (Technology); Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Subject Term: LIQUID membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Facilitated transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inorganic membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microporous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous membranes; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lofaj, Frantisek
AU  - Wiederhorn, Sheldon M.
AU  - Long, Gabrielle G.
AU  - Hockey, Bernard J.
AU  - Jemian, Pete R.
AU  - Browder, Lisa
AU  - Andreason, Jonathan
AU  - Täffner, Ulrike
T1  - Non-cavitation tensile creep in Lu-doped silicon nitride
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2479
SN  - 09552219
AB  - The tensile creep behavior of a Lu-doped silicon nitride was studied in the temperature range 1400–1550 °C with test periods of up to 10 200 h. Strain rates were 3–4 orders of magnitude less than those for Yb-doped grades of silicon nitride under the same conditions, suggesting a potential for prolonged operation of this material at temperatures up to 1470 °C. The stress exponent, n, and the activation energy, Q, for creep are 5.3±2.0 and (757±117) kJ/mol, respectively. Precise density and ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering measurements revealed that, in contrast to other grades of silicon nitride, cavitation could not be detected in the material studied. Redistribution of the secondary phases via solution-precipitation combined with grain boundary sliding is discussed as a possible creep mechanism. A discussion of the effect of Lu on viscosity indicates that replacement of Y by Lu may explain the improvement of creep behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - LUTETIUM
KW  - Cavity suppression
KW  - Lutetium
KW  - Silicon nitride
KW  - Solution-precipitation
KW  - Tensile creep
N1  - Accession Number: 8778818; Lofaj, Frantisek 1; Email Address: lofaj@saske.sk Wiederhorn, Sheldon M. 2 Long, Gabrielle G. 2 Hockey, Bernard J. 2 Jemian, Pete R. 3 Browder, Lisa 4 Andreason, Jonathan 5 Täffner, Ulrike 6; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Materials Research of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 043 53 Kosice, Slovakia  2: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  3: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign/Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, USA  4: Knox College, Galesburg, IL 61401, USA  5: Illinois State University, Lincoln, IL 62656, USA  6: Max-Planck-Institut für Metalkunde, Seestrasse 92, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 22 Issue 14/15, p2479; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: LUTETIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cavity suppression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lutetium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solution-precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile creep; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Arellano-Lopez, A.R.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Park, E.T.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
AU  - Balchandran, U.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
T1  - High-temperature deformation of a BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−y+Ni composite
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2555
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Steady-state compressive creep experiments have been performed on a 60 vol.% BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−y/40 vol.% Ni composite in the temperature range of 1100–1370 °C at stresses of 2–150 MPa. The addition of Ni to BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−y increases the creep rate compared to BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−y without Ni. The composite creep response is modeled on the basis of hard grains (BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−y) surrounded by the soft Ni phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - STRESS relaxation (Mechanics)
KW  - Ceramic–metal composite
KW  - Creep
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Membrane
KW  - Perovskite
KW  - Threshold stress
N1  - Accession Number: 8778828; de Arellano-Lopez, A.R. 1 Goretta, K.C. 2 Park, E.T. 2 Dorris, S.E. 2 Balchandran, U. 2 Routbort, J.L. 2; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Sevilla, PO Box 1065, Seville, Spain  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4838 USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 22 Issue 14/15, p2555; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: STRESS relaxation (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramic–metal composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Threshold stress; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wuchina, Eric
AU  - Opeka, Mark
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, Felipe
AU  - Koritala, Rachel E.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
T1  - Processing and mechanical properties of materials in the Hf–N system
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2571
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Samples of hexagonal α-Hf containing up to 30 at.% N in solid solution were made by a solid-state reaction. The brittle-to-ductile transition temperature increased as the %N increased. Steady-state compressive deformation has been measured from 20 to 1000 °C. The data for pure Hf could be fit using a threshold stress with a stress exponent of 5. The stress exponent of the Hf–N solid solution materials was between 5 and 8. The experiments could be interpreted on the basis of dislocation-controlled plasticity, with N acting as classical solid-solution hardening solutes. Transmission electron microscopy supported this interpretation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - Brittle–to–ductile transition (temperature)
KW  - Dislication–based plasticity
KW  - Hf–N alloys
KW  - Hf–N solid solutions
KW  - Solid–solution hardening
KW  - Stress exponent
KW  - Threshold stress
N1  - Accession Number: 8778830; Wuchina, Eric 1; Email Address: wuchinaej@nswccd.navy.mil Opeka, Mark 1 Gutierrez-Mora, Felipe 2 Koritala, Rachel E. 2 Goretta, K.C. 2 Routbort, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Naval Surface Warfare Center-Carderock Division, 9500 MacArthur Boulevard, West Bethesda, MD 20817-5700, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 22 Issue 14/15, p2571; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Brittle–to–ductile transition (temperature); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislication–based plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hf–N alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hf–N solid solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–solution hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress exponent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Threshold stress; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andrews, M.J.
AU  - Ferber, M.K.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, E.
T1  - Mechanical properties of zirconia-based ceramics asfunctions of temperature
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2633
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Commercially available ceramics, MgO–ZrO2, CeO2–ZrO2, and an in-house fabricated zirconia-toughened mullite were examined in this study for use as a structural component in diesel engines. The fast fracture strengths of these materials were measured by loading ASTM C-1161-B specimens in four-point flexure at 30 MPa/s and at 20, 200, 400, 600, and 850 °C. The dynamic fatigue or slow crack growth susceptibility was assessed at 20 and 850 °C by combining the fast fracture strengths with strength data obtained by testing the same specimens in four-point flexure at 0.30 and 0.003 MPa/s stressing rates, as specified in the ASTM C 1368 standard. Fracture toughness was measured following the ASTM C-1421 standard and using chevron notch specimens in three-point flexure at room and elevated temperatures. The strength of the zirconia-toughened mullite was invariant to increases in the temperature and decreases in the loading rate, while the MgO–ZrO2 and CeO2–ZrO2 materials exhibited strength degradation as temperatures increased and the loading rates decreased. Temperature was observed to have the greatest influence on facture toughness. As temperatures increased, the fracture toughness values dramatically decreased for all the materials examined in this study. Improvements in the fracture toughness are needed most for these ceramic materials in order to meet the structural requirements and to develop a more durable and reliable diesel engine component. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - METALS -- Fracture
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - CeO2–ZrO2
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Fracture
KW  - MgO–ZrO2
N1  - Accession Number: 8778841; Andrews, M.J. 1; Email Address: andrews_mark_j@cat.com Ferber, M.K. 2 Lara-Curzio, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Materials Technology, Caterpillar Inc., Peoria, IL 61656-1875, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN 37830-6069, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 22 Issue 14/15, p2633; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: METALS -- Fracture; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeO2–ZrO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO–ZrO2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimmel, Josh
AU  - Miriyala, Narendernath
AU  - Price, Jeffrey
AU  - More, Karren
AU  - Tortorelli, Peter
AU  - Eaton, Harry
AU  - Linsey, Gary
AU  - Sun, Ellen
T1  - Evaluation of CFCC liners with EBC after field testing in a gas turbine
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2769
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Under the Ceramic Stationary Gas Turbine (CSGT) Program sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), a team led by Solar Turbines Incorporated has successfully designed engines, utilizing silicon carbide/silicon carbide (SiC/SiC) continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composite (CFCC) combustor liners. Their potential for low NOx and CO emissions was demonstrated in eight field-engine tests for a total duration of more than 35,000 h. In the first four field tests, the durability of the liners was limited primarily by the long-term stability of SiC in the high steam environment of the gas turbine combustor. Consequently, the need for an environmental barrier coating (EBC) to meet the 30,000-h life goal was recognized. An EBC developed under the National Aeronautics and Space Administration high speed civil transport, enabling propulsion materials program was improved and optimized under the CSGT program and applied on the SiC/SiC liners by United Technologies Research Center (UTRC) from the fifth field test onwards. The evaluation of the EBC on SiC/SiC liners after the fifth field test with 13,937-h at Texaco, Bakersfield, CA, USA is presented in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - Composites
KW  - EBC
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - Engine components
KW  - SiC
N1  - Accession Number: 8778857; Kimmel, Josh 1; Email Address: kimmel_josh_b@solarturbines.com Miriyala, Narendernath 1 Price, Jeffrey 1 More, Karren 2 Tortorelli, Peter 2 Eaton, Harry 3 Linsey, Gary 3 Sun, Ellen 3; Affiliation:  1: Solar Turbines Incorporated, San Diego, CA, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  3: United Technologies Research Center, East Hartford, CT, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 22 Issue 14/15, p2769; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: EBC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Engine components; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, H.T.
AU  - Ferber, M.K.
T1  - Mechanical reliability evaluation of silicon nitride ceramic components after exposure in industrial gas turbines
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2789
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Several studies have recently been undertaken to examine the mechanical reliability and thermal stability of silicon nitride ceramic components that are currently being considered for structural application in industrial gas turbines. Specifically, ceramic components evaluated included a bow-shaped silicon nitride nozzle evaluated in an engine test rig, silicon nitride vanes exposed in an engine field test, and an air-cooled silicon nitride vane that is currently under development. Despite the differences in field test conditions all of the exposed silicon nitride ceramic components exhibited a significant material recession arising from the oxidation of silicon nitride and subsequent volatilization of the oxide (i.e., silica). The fracture strength of exposed airfoils was also decreased due to the formation of a subsurface damage zone induced by the turbine environments. In addition, studies indicated that the properties of as-processed ceramic components, especially in airfoil regions, were not always comparable to those generated from the standard specimens with machined surface extracted from production billets. The component characterization efforts provided an important insight into the effect of gas turbine environments on the material recession and mechanical reliability of materials as functions of exposure time and conditions, which were very difficult to obtain from a laboratory scale test. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - GAS turbines
KW  - METALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - Ceramic components
KW  - Gas turbines
KW  - Mechanical reliability
KW  - Si3N4
N1  - Accession Number: 8778859; Lin, H.T.; Email Address: linh@ornl.gov Ferber, M.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 22 Issue 14/15, p2789; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: GAS turbines; Subject Term: METALS -- Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramic components; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas turbines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical reliability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si3N4; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sugama, Toshifumi
AU  - Gawlik, Keith
T1  - Anti-silica fouling coatings in geothermal environments
JO  - Materials Letters
JF  - Materials Letters
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 57
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 666
SN  - 0167577X
AB  - An important key to a successful use of carbon steel-based heat exchanger tubes in geothermal binary-cycle power plants is to understand how to efficiently prevent the deposition on them of silica scales. These deposits are caused by the high sensitivity to silica of ferric oxide layer occupying the outermost surface sites of carbon steel. We evaluated the usefulness of two high-temperature performance coatings, polyphenylenesulfide (PPS) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-blended PPS, in inhibiting silica scaling. To obtain this information, the coated steel panels were immersed for up to 7 days in 200 °C silica-rich brine. As a result, the surfaces of the unblended PPS coating underwent some degree of brine-induced oxidation. Although the amount of silica deposited was negligible, it was found that the sulfur–oxygen derivatives formed on the surfaces by oxidation make them susceptible to silica scaling. In contrast, the PTFE-blended PPS coating had a high potential as the anti-silica fouling barrier. The major reason for this was due to the segregation of anti-oxidant, hydrophobic PTFE top surface layer above a PPS layer in the coating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON steel
KW  - HEAT exchangers
KW  - Anti-silica fouling coatings
KW  - Geothermal environments
KW  - Silica scales
N1  - Accession Number: 8807558; Sugama, Toshifumi 1; Email Address: SUGAMA@bnl.gov Gawlik, Keith 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Resources Division, Energy Science and Technology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building No. 526, PO Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p666; Subject Term: CARBON steel; Subject Term: HEAT exchangers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anti-silica fouling coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geothermal environments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica scales; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cholewa, M.
AU  - Dillon, C.
AU  - Lay, P.
AU  - Phillips, D.
AU  - Talarico, T.
AU  - Lai, B.
T1  - Erratum to “High resolution nuclear and X-ray microprobes and their applications in single cell analysis” [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 181 (2001) 715–722]
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 198
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 108
SN  - 0168583X
N1  - Accession Number: 8792234; Cholewa, M. 1 Dillon, C. 2 Lay, P. 2 Phillips, D. 3 Talarico, T. 3 Lai, B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Nuclear Physics, 31-342 Krakow, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, Poland  2: University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia  3: La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia  4: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 198 Issue 1/2, p108; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Correction notice
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naulleau, Patrick P.
AU  - Sweatt, William C.
AU  - Tichenor, Daniel A.
T1  - Theoretical efficiency analysis of a condenser-embedded grating-based spectral purity filter for EUV lithography
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 214
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 00304018
AB  - Being based on reflective optics, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography systems are, in principle, relatively immune to chromatic errors. However, illumination bandwidth control is still required for EUV lithography. For example, appreciable amounts of UV power, combined with resist sensitivity to this wavelength band, would decrease image contrast. Also, appreciable amounts of IR power would place unacceptable thermal loads on the projection optics. A practical method for spectral filtering, widely used in short-wavelength synchrotron applications, is the grating monochromator. Here we present the theoretical performance analysis of a grating-based spectral purity filter integrated into an EUV lithography condenser system. Although the specific examples presented here are geared towards a specific condenser design, it should be noted that the methods described are generally applicable to a variety of condenser designs as might be found in future EUV lithography systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - Extreme ultraviolet
KW  - Grating
KW  - Lithography
KW  - Monochromator
KW  - Multilayer
N1  - Accession Number: 8577167; Naulleau, Patrick P. 1; Email Address: PNaulleau@lbl.gov Sweatt, William C. 2 Tichenor, Daniel A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cycltoron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 214 Issue 1-6, p31; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extreme ultraviolet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monochromator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dodin, I.Y.
AU  - Fisch, N.J.
T1  - Dynamic volume holography and optical information processing by Raman scattering
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 214
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 00304018
AB  - A method of producing holograms of three-dimensional (3D) optical pulses is proposed. It is shown that both the amplitude and the phase profile of 3D optical pulse can be stored in dynamic perturbations of a Raman medium, such as plasma. By employing Raman scattering in a nonlinear medium, information carried by a laser pulse can be captured in the form of a slowly propagating low-frequency wave that persists for a time large compared with the pulse duration. If such a hologram is then probed with a short laser pulse, the information stored in the medium can be retrieved in a second scattered electromagnetic wave. The recording and retrieving processes can conserve robustly the pulse shape, thus enabling the recording and retrieving with fidelity of information stored in optical signals. While storing or reading the pulse structure, the optical information can be processed as an analog or digital signal, which allows simultaneous transformation of 3D continuous images or computing discrete arrays of binary data. By adjusting the phase fronts of the reference pulses, one can also perform focusing, redirecting, and other types of transformation of the output pulses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - 3D pulses
KW  - Holography
KW  - Raman scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 8577173; Dodin, I.Y.; Email Address: idodin@pppl.gov Fisch, N.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 214 Issue 1-6, p83; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D pulses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman scattering; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lorenz, B.
AU  - Lenzi, J.
AU  - Cmaidalka, J.
AU  - Meng, R.L.
AU  - Sun, Y.Y.
AU  - Xue, Y.Y.
AU  - Chu, C.W.
T1  - Superconductivity in the C32 intermetallic compounds <f>AAl2−x</f><f>Six</f>, with <f>A=Ca</f> and Sr; and <f>0.6<x<1.2</f>
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 383
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The intermetallic compounds <f>AAl2−x</f><f>Six</f>, where <f>A=Ca</f>, Sr or Ba, crystallize in the C32 structure, same as the recently discovered MgB2 with a high superconducting transition temperature of 39 K. For <f>x=1</f>, superconductivity has been observed in AAlSi with <f>A=Ca</f> and Sr, but not with <f>A=Ba</f>. The transition temperatures are 7.8 and 5.1 K, respectively for CaAlSi and SrAlSi. The <f>CaAl2−x</f><f>Six</f> compound system display a <f>Tc</f>-peak at <f>x=1</f>, a possible <f>x</f>-induced electronic transition at <f>x∼0.75</f> and a possible miscibility gap near <f>x∼1.1</f> which results in a very broad superconducting transition. The Seebeck coefficients of AAlSi indicate that their carriers are predominantly electrons in nature, in contrast to the holes in MgB2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - BaAlSi
KW  - CaAlSi
KW  - Seebeck coefficient
KW  - SrAlSi
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7920481; Lorenz, B. 1; Email Address: blorenz@uh.edu Lenzi, J. 1 Cmaidalka, J. 1 Meng, R.L. 1 Sun, Y.Y. 1 Xue, Y.Y. 1 Chu, C.W. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5932, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 383 Issue 3, p191; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: BaAlSi; Author-Supplied Keyword: CaAlSi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seebeck coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: SrAlSi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Je, J.H.
AU  - You, H.
AU  - Cullen, W.G.
AU  - Maroni, V.A.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Thieme, C.
T1  - Detection of a Pd–Ni interlayer at the Pd/Ni interface of an epitaxial Pd film on cube textured nickel (<f>0 0 1</f>)
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 383
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We studied the microstructure of a Pd overlayer deposited on a cube textured Ni(0 0 1) substrate using synchrotron X-ray scattering. We find the existence of an epitaxial Pd–Ni interlayer between the epitaxial Pd layer and the Ni substrate. The Pd–Ni interlayer, which is compressively strained in a manner similar to the Pd overlayer, seemingly acts to relieve the strain at the Pd/Ni interface caused by the Pd–Ni lattice mismatch. The Ni mosaic distribution of our samples is multiply spiked with a rocking angle spread of <f>∼</f>16<f>°</f>, which reconciles the previously reported observation of saw tooth peaks on top of a Gaussian distribution for a similarly prepared Pd on Ni specimen. The observed sharpening of the mosaic distributions for the Pd(0 0 2) grains (full-width at half-maximum <f>(FWHM)=1.95</f><f>°</f>) and for the (0 0 2) grains of Pd–Ni interlayer (<f>FWHM=3.0</f><f>°</f>) indicates that the Pd and Pd–Ni(0 0 2) layers conform to the surface morphology instead of to the (0 0 1) crystallographic planes of Ni-substrate grains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - LEAD
KW  - Biaxial texture
KW  - Buffer layer
KW  - Cube-textured Ni substrates
KW  - Pd/Ni
N1  - Accession Number: 7920495; Je, J.H. 1,2; Email Address: jhje@postech.ac.kr You, H. 1; Email Address: hyou@anl.gov Cullen, W.G. 1 Maroni, V.A. 1 Ma, B. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Thieme, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, South Korea  3: American Superconductor, Westborough, MA 01581, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 383 Issue 3, p241; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: LEAD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biaxial texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cube-textured Ni substrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pd/Ni; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Tuskan, G. A.
AU  - DiFazio, S. P.
T1  - Genomics and the tree physiologist.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2002/12/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 1273
EP  - 1276
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - During the last decade, a strong case has been made for viewing trees as model systems in plant biology. More recently, forest biologists have argued for the sequencing of the genome of a forest tree. Now, the United States Department of Energy has announced plans for sequencing the genome of the Populus trichocarpa clone, “Nisqually-1.” Thus, forest biology is poised to enter an exciting period of scientific discovery. Embracing new technology and new research paradigms, however, is never easy. It is, therefore, timely to ask how tree physiologists will take advantage of the Populus genome data. We contend that the most attractive opportunities will arise through genome-wide research designed to: (1) examine the differences between trees and herbaceous annuals; (2) explore questions relating to the temporal and spatial scales that characterize the life histories and growth of trees; and (3) investigate cause-and-effect relationships that are intractable to conventional research methodologies. To highlight the potential applications of genomics in tree physiology, we briefly discuss each of these approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biotechnology
KW  - Poplar
KW  - Tree growth
KW  - Plant genomes
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Arabidopsis
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - functional genomics
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - Populus
KW  - whole-tree physiology
N1  - Accession Number: 51808598; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Email Address: wullschlegsd@ornl.gov; Tuskan, G. A. 1; DiFazio, S. P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 22 Issue 18, p1273; Thesaurus Term: Biotechnology; Thesaurus Term: Poplar; Thesaurus Term: Tree growth; Thesaurus Term: Plant genomes; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Subject Term: Arabidopsis; Author-Supplied Keyword: biotechnology; Author-Supplied Keyword: functional genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populus; Author-Supplied Keyword: whole-tree physiology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bertulani, C.A.
AU  - Hammer, H.-W.
AU  - van Kolck, U.
T1  - Effective field theory for halo nuclei: shallow <f>p</f>-wave states
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/12/16/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Halo nuclei are a promising new arena for studies based on effective field theory (EFT). We develop an EFT for shallow <f>p</f>-wave states and discuss the application to elastic <f>nα</f> scattering. In contrast to the <f>s</f>-wave case, both the scattering length and effective range enter at leading order. We also discuss the prospects of using EFT in the description of other halos, such as the three-body halo nucleus 6He. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Effective field theory
KW  - Halo nuclei
KW  - Shallow <f>p</f>-wave states
N1  - Accession Number: 7912145; Bertulani, C.A. 1 Hammer, H.-W. 2; Email Address: hammer@mps.ohio-state.edu van Kolck, U. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  2: Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  4: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 712 Issue 1/2, p37; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Effective field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halo nuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shallow <f>p</f>-wave states; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Magas, V.K.
AU  - Csernai, L.P.
AU  - Strottman, D.
T1  - Effective string rope model for the initial stages of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2002/12/16/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Different approaches to describe initial stages of relativistic heavy ion collisions are discussed qualitatively and quantitatively. An effective string rope model is presented for heavy ion collisions at RHIC energies. Our model takes into account baryon recoil for both target and projectile, arising from the acceleration of partons in an effective field, <f>Fμν</f>, produced in the collision. The typical field strength (string tension) for RHIC energies is about 5–12 GeV<f>/</f>fm, what allows us to talk about “string ropes”. The results show that a QGP forms a tilted disk, such that the direction of the largest pressure gradient stays in the reaction plane, but deviates from both the beam and the usual transverse flow directions. The produced initial state can be used as an initial condition for further hydrodynamical calculations. Such initial conditions lead to the creation of third flow component. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - Initial state
KW  - RHIC
KW  - String ropes
KW  - Third flow
KW  - Ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 7912156; Magas, V.K. 1,2; Email Address: vladimir@cfif.ist.utl.pt Csernai, L.P. 2,3; Email Address: csernai@fi.uib.no Strottman, D. 4; Email Address: dds@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Physics of Fundamental Interactions, Department of Physics, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal  2: Section for Theoretical and Computational Physics, Department of Physics, University of Bergen, Allegaten 55, N-5007, Norway  3: KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, P.O. Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary  4: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87454, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 712 Issue 1/2, p167; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PARTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Initial state; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: String ropes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Third flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions; Number of Pages: 38p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agron, Peter G.
AU  - Sobecky, Patricia
AU  - Andersen, Gary L.
T1  - Establishment of uncharacterized plasmids in Escherichia coli by in vitro transposition
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Letters
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Letters
Y1  - 2002/12/17/
VL  - 217
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 03781097
AB  - We present a simple approach that permits any circular plasmid, such as uncharacterized plasmids from diverse prokaryotes, to be established in Escherichia coli, thereby facilitating subsequent structural and functional studies. An in vitro transposition reaction is used to introduce a well-characterized replicon and selectable marker into purified plasmids, which are then used to transform E. coli. The approach was demonstrated using a small 3.4-kb archaeal plasmid and a large 60-kb uncharacterized plasmid from a Gram-negative bacterium. Replicon function in E. coli was tested for each plasmid, and direct sequencing of the large plasmid revealed similarity to restriction–modification systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Letters is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Prokaryotes
KW  - Plasmids
KW  - In vitro transposition
KW  - pGT5
KW  - Plasmid isolation
KW  - Plasmid recovery
KW  - Plasmid rescue
KW  - Pyrococcus abyssi
N1  - Accession Number: 8623039; Agron, Peter G. 1; Sobecky, Patricia 2; Andersen, Gary L. 1; Email Address: andersen2@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-441, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 2: School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Issue Info: Dec2002, Vol. 217 Issue 2, p249; Thesaurus Term: Prokaryotes; Subject Term: Plasmids; Author-Supplied Keyword: In vitro transposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: pGT5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmid isolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmid recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmid rescue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrococcus abyssi; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, X.-Y.
AU  - Daw, M.S.
AU  - Kress, J.D.
AU  - Hanson, D.E.
AU  - Arunachalam, V.
AU  - Coronell, D.G.
AU  - Liu, C.-L.
AU  - Voter, A.F.
T1  - Ion solid surface interactions in ionized copper physical vapor deposition
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/12/20/
VL  - 422
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 00406090
AB  - A thorough understanding of ion-solid surface interactions is important for the predictive modeling of ionized metal plasma (IMP) Cu physical vapor deposition (PVD) at feature scales. Besides sticking coefficients and sputter yields, characterizations such as angular distributions of sputtered and reflected particles, and thermal-accommodation coefficients are also needed as inputs for a feature scale process simulator. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations have been used to provide pertinent information and physical insights. MD results for Ar+/Cu and Cu+/Cu systems as a function of hyperthermal ion energies and incidence angles are reported. The issue of integrating different sticking coefficients for different surface roughness is addressed, based on ion travel distance analysis. We have found that the angular distribution of sputtered particles is not cosine, but can be described by a simple Gaussian-like formula. Ion reflection characteristics are also analyzed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - Copper
KW  - Molecular dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 8668298; Liu, X.-Y. 1; Email Address: r40298@motorola.com Daw, M.S. 2 Kress, J.D. 3 Hanson, D.E. 3 Arunachalam, V. 2 Coronell, D.G. 2 Liu, C.-L. 4 Voter, A.F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Computational Nanoscience Group, Physical Sciences Research Laboratories, Motorola, Inc., Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Digital DNA Laboratories, Motorola, Inc., Austin, TX 78721, USA  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Digital DNA Laboratories, Motorola, Inc., Mesa AZ 85202, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 422 Issue 1/2, p141; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeong, B.-S.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
T1  - Epitaxial stabilization of single crystal anatase films via reactive sputter deposition
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2002/12/20/
VL  - 422
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Single crystal-like TiO2 films possessing the anatase crystal structure have been realized on (001) LaAlO3 using reactive sputter deposition. The anatase polymorph could be epitaxially stabilized over a wide range of deposition temperatures and oxygen pressures. Both in-plane and out-of-plane X-ray diffraction measurements reflect a high degree of crystallinity for the deposited films. Thickness oscillations in the X-ray diffraction intensity and atomic force microscopy measurements indicate that the films are remarkably smooth, with surface morphology that is limited by that of the substrate. This result illustrates the effectiveness for epitaxy in stabilizing metastable phases, in particular for anatase, through matching of lattice spacing and nucleation chemistry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Oxides
KW  - Sputtering
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 8668302; Jeong, B.-S. 1 Budai, J.D. 2 Norton, D.P. 1; Email Address: dnort@mse.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of Florida, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 100 Rhines Hall, P.O. Box 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 422 Issue 1/2, p166; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, Yan
AU  - Zhong, Wenwan
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - Multiplexed on-column protein digestion and capillary electrophoresis for high-throughput comprehensive peptide mapping
JO  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
Y1  - 2002/12/25/
VL  - 782
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
SN  - 15700232
AB  - A novel scheme based on multiplexed capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been developed for high-throughput, low-cost and comprehensive peptide mapping. Orthogonal peptide maps of the protein of interest were obtained by using multiple reaction conditions with three different enzymes (trypsin, pepsin, and chymotrypsin), and multiple separation conditions with six zone electrophoresis buffers and two micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) buffers. Fifteen nanoliters of two protein samples (β-lactoglobulin A and β-lactoglobulin B) were separately mixed on-column and digested independently at 37 °C for 10 min to produce peptides in a 20-capillary system. The resulting peptides were detected simultaneously at 214 nm by a photodiode array detector. The overall analysis time from reaction to detection was about 40 min. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - TRYPSIN
KW  - Peptide mapping
KW  - Protein digestion
N1  - Accession Number: 8567631; He, Yan 1 Zhong, Wenwan 1 Yeung, Edward S.; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 332 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 782 Issue 1/2, p331; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: TRYPSIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peptide mapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein digestion; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christian, Allen T.
T1  - A cytogenetic footprint for mammary carcinomas induced by PhIP in rats
JO  - Toxicology
JF  - Toxicology
Y1  - 2002/12/27/
VL  - 181/182
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 0300483X
AB  - 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP), a mutagen/carcinogen belonging to the class of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) found in cooked meats, is a mammary gland carcinogen in rats and has been implicated in the etiology of certain human cancers including breast cancer. To gain insight into the genomic alterations associated with PhIP-induced mammary gland carcinogenesis, we used comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to examine chromosomal abnormalities in rat mammary carcinomas induced by PhIP, and for comparison, by DMBA (7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene), a potent experimental mammary carcinogen. There was a consistent and characteristic pattern of chromosome-region loss in PhIP-induced carcinomas that clearly distinguished them from carcinomas induced by DMBA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - MAMMARY glands -- Cancer
KW  - Cytogenetic footprinting
KW  - Mammary carcinomas
KW  - PhIP
N1  - Accession Number: 8793747; Christian, Allen T. 1; Email Address: christian4@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-452, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 181/182, p95; Subject Term: HETEROCYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: MAMMARY glands -- Cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytogenetic footprinting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mammary carcinomas; Author-Supplied Keyword: PhIP; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heringhaus, F.
AU  - Painter, T.A.
T1  - Magnetoresistance of selected Sn- and Pb-based solders at 4.2 K
JO  - Materials Letters
JF  - Materials Letters
Y1  - 2002/12/30/
VL  - 57
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 787
SN  - 0167577X
AB  - In this paper, data on the transverse electrical magnetoresistance of various solders at 4.2 K is presented and discussed. The selected solders are frequently used in cryogenic applications; however, their low temperature properties are often unknown. These data were taken at liquid helium temperature (4.2 K) in fields up to 15 T. The discussion of the data is based on the electrical resistivity and magnetoresistance of the pure metals that constitute the major components of the solders, the resistance ratio of the specimens, as well as the composition and the microstructure of the solders. Moreover, the data is presented such that information can be obtained for fields and temperatures other than those investigated here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 8807581; Heringhaus, F.; Email Address: frank.heringhaus@t-online.de Painter, T.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 57 Issue 4, p787; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - Maynard, Larry
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
AU  - Jayne, Budd
AU  - Telang, Frank
AU  - Logan, Jean
AU  - Ding, Yu-Shin
AU  - Gatley, Samuel J.
AU  - Hitzemann, Robert
AU  - Wong, Christopher
AU  - Pappas, Naome
T1  - Effects of alcohol detoxification on dopamine D2 receptors in alcoholics: a preliminary study
JO  - Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section
JF  - Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section
Y1  - 2002/12/30/
VL  - 116
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 09254927
AB  - Imaging studies in patients with Type II alcohol dependence have revealed significant reductions in dopamine (DA) D2 receptor availability. Here we assessed the effects of alcohol detoxification in DA D2 receptors in alcoholic subjects. We evaluated 14 patients with Type II alcohol dependence tested within 6 weeks of detoxification and then re-tested 1–4 months later while alcohol free. The comparison group comprised 11 healthy controls. PET was used with [11C]raclopride to measure DA D2 receptors. Eight alcoholics and all control subjects were tested with a CTI 931 PET scanner and six alcoholics with a Siemens HR+ PET scanner. Data were analyzed separately for the studies done in the different scanners. Comparisons between early and late alcohol detoxification showed no significant changes in DA D2 receptor availability (Bmax/Kd) for the studies done with the CTI and the HR+ scanners. Comparison with controls showed lower DA D2 receptor levels in caudate and putamen in alcoholics tested during early detoxification and in caudate during late detoxification. These studies replicate previous findings of lower striatal DA D2 receptors in alcoholics than in controls and absence of significant recovery during alcohol detoxification. These findings suggest that low DA D2 receptor availability in alcoholics is not due to alcohol withdrawal and may reflect a predisposing factor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETOXIFICATION (Substance abuse treatment)
KW  - ALCOHOL -- Physiological effect
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - Addiction
KW  - GABA cells
KW  - Positron emission tomography
KW  - Predisposition
KW  - Raclopride
KW  - Reward
KW  - Striatum
N1  - Accession Number: 8623160; Volkow, Nora D. 1,2; Email Address: volkow@bnl.gov Wang, Gene-Jack 1 Maynard, Larry 1 Fowler, Joanna S. 1 Jayne, Budd 1 Telang, Frank 1 Logan, Jean 1 Ding, Yu-Shin 1 Gatley, Samuel J. 1 Hitzemann, Robert 2 Wong, Christopher 1 Pappas, Naome 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: Dec2002, Vol. 116 Issue 3, p163; Subject Term: DETOXIFICATION (Substance abuse treatment); Subject Term: ALCOHOL -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: DOPAMINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Addiction; Author-Supplied Keyword: GABA cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron emission tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Predisposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raclopride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reward; Author-Supplied Keyword: Striatum; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freedman, Vicky L.
AU  - Ibaraki, Motomu
T1  - Coupled reactive mass transport and fluid flow: Issues in model verification
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Model verification and validation are both important steps in the development of reactive transport models. In this paper, a distinction is made between verification and validation, and the focus is on codifying the issues of verification for a numerical, reactive transport flow model. First, the conceptual basis of model verification is reviewed, which shows that verification should be understood as a first step in model development, and be followed by a protocol that assures that the model accurately represents system behavior. Second, commonly used procedures and methods of model verification are presented. In the third part of this paper, an intercomparison of models is used to demonstrate that model verification can be performed despite differences in hydrogeochemical transport code formulations. Results of an example simulation of transport are presented in which the numerical model is tested against other hydrogeochemical codes. Different kinetic formulations between solid and aqueous phases used among numerical models complicates model verification. This test problem involves uranium transport under conditions of varying pH and oxidation potential, with reversible precipitation of calcium uranate and coffinite. Results between the different hydrogeochemical transport codes show differences in oxidation potentials, but similarities in mineral assemblages and aqueous transport patterns. Because model verification can be further complicated by differences in the approach for solving redox problems, a comparison of a fugacity approach (based on O2 partial pressure) to both the external approach (based on hypothetical electron activity) and effective internal approach (based on conservation of electrons) is performed. The comparison demonstrates that the oxygen fugacity approach produces different redox potentials and mineral assemblages than both the effective internal and external approaches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - Density
KW  - Geochemical models
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Numerical models
KW  - Solute transport
N1  - Accession Number: 8621087; Freedman, Vicky L. 1; Email Address: vicky.freedman@pnl.gov Ibaraki, Motomu 2; Email Address: ibaraki.1@osu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 MSIN K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Geological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p117; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: HYDROGEOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogeology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solute transport; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moreno-Bondi, Maria
AU  - Alarie, Jean
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Multi-analyte analysis system using an antibody-based biochip.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 375
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
EP  - 124
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - A multi-analyte detection system using a unique antibody (Ab) biochip is described. The Ab-based biochip, also referred to as the protein biochip, uses a sensor array based on a complementary metal oxide silicon (CMOS) integrated circuit. The Ab-biochip has a sampling platform of four-by-four microarrays of antibodies deposited onto a Nylon membrane substrate. The micro-arrayed antibodies can be interrogated simultaneously or sequentially using the biochip sensing array detector with the use of a diffractive optical element illuminating each antibody spot individually. The usefulness of the Ab biochip is illustrated by the measurements of immunoglogulin G (IgG) used as the model analyte system. The detection limit for Cy5-labeled IgG molecules was 13 pg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - BIOCHIPS
KW  - PROTEIN microarrays
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - BIOREACTORS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - Antibody array
KW  - Biochip
KW  - Immunoassay
KW  - Multi-analyte
KW  - Multi-analyte.
KW  - Protein biochip
N1  - Accession Number: 15124454; Moreno-Bondi, Maria 1,2 Alarie, Jean 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan 1; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA.  2: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 375 Issue 1, p120; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: BIOCHIPS; Subject Term: PROTEIN microarrays; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: BIOREACTORS; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibody array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biochip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immunoassay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-analyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-analyte.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein biochip; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-002-1626-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennedy, Christopher A.
AU  - Carpenter, Mark H.
T1  - Additive Runge–Kutta schemes for convection–diffusion–reaction equations
JO  - Applied Numerical Mathematics
JF  - Applied Numerical Mathematics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 44
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 01689274
AB  - Additive Runge–Kutta (<f>ARK</f>) methods are investigated for application to the spatially discretized one-dimensional convection–diffusion–reaction (CDR) equations. Accuracy, stability, conservation, and dense-output are first considered for the general case when <f>N</f> different Runge–Kutta methods are grouped into a single composite method. Then, implicit–explicit, <f>(N=2)</f>, additive Runge–Kutta (<f>ARK2</f>) methods from third- to fifth-order are presented that allow for integration of stiff terms by an <f>L</f>-stable, stiffly-accurate explicit, singly diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta (ESDIRK) method while the nonstiff terms are integrated with a traditional explicit Runge–Kutta method (ERK). Coupling error terms of the partitioned method are of equal order to those of the elemental methods. Derived <f>ARK2</f> methods have vanishing stability functions for very large values of the stiff scaled eigenvalue, <f>z[I]→−∞</f>, and retain high stability efficiency in the absence of stiffness, <f>z[I]→0</f>. Extrapolation-type stage-value predictors are provided based on dense-output formulae. Optimized methods minimize both leading order <f>ARK2</f> error terms and Butcher coefficient magnitudes as well as maximize conservation properties. Numerical tests of the new schemes on a CDR problem show negligible stiffness leakage and near classical order convergence rates. However, tests on three simple singular-perturbation problems reveal generally predictable order reduction. Error control is best managed with a PID-controller. While results for the fifth-order method are disappointing, both the new third- and fourth-order methods are at least as efficient as existing <f>ARK2</f> methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Numerical Mathematics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUNGE-Kutta formulas
KW  - CONVECTION (Meteorology)
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 8668424; Kennedy, Christopher A. 1; Email Address: cakenne@ca.sandia.gov Carpenter, Mark H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  2: Aeronautics and Aeroacoustic Methods Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-0001, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 44 Issue 1/2, p139; Subject Term: RUNGE-Kutta formulas; Subject Term: CONVECTION (Meteorology); Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Number of Pages: 43p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Todd, Andrew C.
AU  - Arnold, Michelle
AU  - Aro, Antonio
AU  - Chettle, David R.
AU  - Fleming, David E.B.
AU  - McNeill, Fiona E.
AU  - Moshier, Erin L.
AU  - Nie, Huiling
AU  - Stronach, Ian M.
T1  - Corrections to “How to calculate lead concentration and concentration uncertainty in XRF in vivo bone lead analysis” by Kondrashov and Rothenberg
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 58
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 41
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Kondrashov and Rothenberg (Appl. Radiat. Isot. 55 (2001) 799) have published “a substantial correction for calculating estimates of lead concentration and uncertainty for in vivo X-ray fluorescent bone analysis with Cd-109 source” (sic). Our paper shows that their correction fails to consider two important points that render it (i) a correction to a superseded method and (ii) of limited effect. Also, their approach to a “crude” estimate produces measurement uncertainties that are implausibly small. In order that they not be propagated in the literature, our paper also corrects several misstatements and errors in Kondrashov and Rothenberg. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - BONES
KW  - In vivo bone lead analysis
KW  - Uncertainty propagation
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 8806723; Todd, Andrew C. 1; Email Address: andrew.todd@mssm.edu Arnold, Michelle 2 Aro, Antonio 3 Chettle, David R. 4 Fleming, David E.B. 5 McNeill, Fiona E. 4 Moshier, Erin L. 1 Nie, Huiling 4 Stronach, Ian M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1057,New York, NY 10029, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Medical Technology Program, Physics and Advanced Technologies Directorate, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Channing Laboratory, Harvard School of Public Health, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA  4: Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences Unit, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ont., L8S 4K1, Canada  5: Department of Biomedical Technologies, University of Vermont, 302 Rowell Building, Burlington, VT 05405, USA  6: Department of Medical Physics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 58 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: BONES; Author-Supplied Keyword: In vivo bone lead analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Paul Mitchell, C.
AU  - Overend, Ralph P.
AU  - Azmeh, Salma
T1  - Editorial
JO  - Biomass & Bioenergy
JF  - Biomass & Bioenergy
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
SN  - 09619534
N1  - Accession Number: 7787140; Paul Mitchell, C. 1; Email Address: c.p.mitchell@abdn.ac.uk Overend, Ralph P. 2; Email Address: ralph_overend@nrel.gov Azmeh, Salma 3; Email Address: s.azmeh@elsevier.com; Affiliation:  1: Forestry Department, Aberdeen University, 581 King Street, Aberdeen AB24 5UA UK  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Chemistry for Bioenergy Systems, 1617 Cole Boulevard, MC-1613, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA  3: Publishing Editor, Elsevier Science, Oxford, UK; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steven Parker
AU  - PE
AU  - CEM
T1  - FUEL CELLS PROVIDE RELIABLE POWER TO U.S. POSTAL SERVICE FACILITY IN ANCHORAGE, ALASKA.
JO  - Cogeneration & Competitive Power Journal
JF  - Cogeneration & Competitive Power Journal
Y1  - 2003///Winter2003
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 73
SN  - 10668683
AB  - Working together, the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) and Chugach Electric Association, partnering with the Department of Defense (DOD), Department of Energy (DOE), US Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (USA CERL), Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), and National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA), developed and installed one of the largest fuel cell installations in the world. The 1-Megawatt fuel cell combined heat and power plant sits behind the Anchorage U.S. Postal Service Mail Processing and Distribution Facility. Chugach Electric owns, operates, and maintains the fuel cell power plant, which provides clean, reliable power to the USPS facility. In addition, heat recovered from the fuel cells, in the form of hot water, is used to heat the USPS Mail Processing and Distribution Facility. By taking a leadership role, the USPS will save over $800,000 in electricity and natural gas costs over the 5 1/2-year contract term with Chugach Electric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cogeneration & Competitive Power Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ELECTRIC power plants
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States Postal Service
N1  - Accession Number: 10002282; Steven Parker PE CEM 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Winter2003, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power plants; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States Postal Service; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dally, B.B.
AU  - Masri, A.R.
AU  - Barlow, R.S.
AU  - Fiechtner, G.J.
T1  - Two-photon laser-induced fluorescence measurement of CO in turbulent non-premixed bluff body flames
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 132
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
SN  - 00102180
AB  - Detailed measurements of reactive and passive scalars in axisymmetric bluff-body flames of CH4/H2, CH4/air, and CO/H2 have been reported in the past  and have been used in several studies directed at developing and validating turbulent combustion models . Comparisons of measured and modeled results for flames with CH4/H2 as fuel have shown significant disagreement in the mass fractions of CO, with the Raman scattering measurements of [CO] being much higher than the modeling calculations. Previously published data  were collected using the Raman scattering technique for all major species including CO. Raman scattering measurements of [CO] in methane flames suffer from laser-excited interference from higher hydrocarbons formed on the fuel-rich side of the reaction zone. It is well established  that measurements of [CO] based on two-photon laser-induced fluorescence (TPLIF) can provide much better accuracy than those based on Raman scattering in methane and natural gas flames.Keywords: Bluff body; CO; LIF; Raman; Flame [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLAME
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 9010515; Dally, B.B. 1; Email Address: bassam.dally@adelaide.edu.au Masri, A.R. 2 Barlow, R.S. 3 Fiechtner, G.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia  2: The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 132 Issue 1/2, p272; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-2180(02)00435-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pak Chung Wong
AU  - Kwong-Kwok Wong
AU  - Foote, Harlan
T1  - ORGANIC DATA MEMORY Using the DNA Approach.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 98
SN  - 00010782
AB  - A data preservation problem looms over today's information superhighway. Ancient humans preserved their knowledge by engraving bones and stone. About two millennia ago people invented paper to publish their thoughts. Today, we use magnetic media and silicon chips to store our data. "Nature" magazine reported a study resembling the first part of the effort encoding meaningful information as DNA sequences. It described an experiment in which a group of scientists at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York created an encoded DNA strand and hid it behind a period (a dot) in a printed document. The document was then sealed and mailed to its owners through the U.S. Postal Service. Eventually, the embedded message was successfully recovered in a laboratory environment. With a careful coding scheme and arrangement, important information can be encoded, such as an artificial DNA strand, and safely and permanently stored in a living host. in the short run, this technology can be used to identify origins and protect R&D investment in, say, agricultural products and endangered species.
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - INFORMATION science
N1  - Accession Number: 12514028; Pak Chung Wong 1; Email Address: pak.wong@pnl.gov Kwong-Kwok Wong 2; Email Address: kkwong@txccc.org Foote, Harlan 3; Email Address: harlan.foote@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chief Scientist, Energy Science and Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.  2: Assistant Professor, Baylor School of Medicine and Director of Microarray Laboratory, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX.  3: Senior Research Scientist, Energy Science and Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: INFORMATION science; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/602421.602426
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDowell, D.L.
AU  - Gall, K.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
AU  - Fan, J.
T1  - Microstructure-based fatigue modeling of cast A356-T6 alloy
JO  - Engineering Fracture Mechanics
JF  - Engineering Fracture Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 70
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 00137944
AB  - High cycle fatigue (HCF) life in cast Al–Mg–Si alloys is particularly sensitive to the combination of microstructural inclusions and stress concentrations. Inclusions can range from large-scale shrinkage porosity with a tortuous surface profile to entrapped oxides introduced during the pour. When shrinkage porosity is controlled, the relevant microstructural initiation sites are often the larger Si particles within eutectic regions. In this paper, a HCF model is introduced which recognizes multiple inclusion severity scales for crack formation. The model addresses the role of constrained microplasticity around debonded particles or shrinkage pores in forming and growing microstructurally small fatigue cracks and is based on the cyclic crack tip displacement rather than linear elastic fracture mechanics stress intensity factor. Conditions for transitioning to long crack fatigue crack growth behavior are introduced. The model is applied to a cast A356-T6 Al alloy over a range of inclusion severities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Engineering Fracture Mechanics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - A356
KW  - Cast alloys
KW  - High cycle fatigue
KW  - Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 7888893; McDowell, D.L. 1; Email Address: david.mcdowell@me.gatech.edu Gall, K. 2 Horstemeyer, M.F. 3 Fan, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: GWW School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA  3: Materials Mechanics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, MS 9721, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Division of Mechanical Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, NY 14802-1205, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 70 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: A356; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cast alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: High cycle fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gustin, Sexauer M.
AU  - Coolbaugh, M. F.
AU  - Engle, M. A.
AU  - Fitzgerald, B. C.
AU  - Keislar, R. E.
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Nacht, D. M.
AU  - Quashnick, J.
AU  - Rytuba, J. J.
AU  - Sladek, C.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Zehner, R. E.
T1  - Atmospheric mercury emissions from mine wastes and surrounding geologically enriched terrains.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 351
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Waste rock and ore associated with Hg, precious and base metal mining, and their surrounding host rocks are typically enriched in mercury relative to natural background concentrations (<0.1 µg Hg g–1). Mercury fluxes to the atmosphere from mineralized areas can range from background rates (0–15 ng m–2 h–1) to tens of thousands of ng m–2 h–1. Mercury enriched substrate constitutes a long-term source of mercury to the global atmospheric mercury pool. Mercury emissions from substrate are influenced by light, temperature, precipitation, and substrate mercury concentration, and occur during the day and night. Light-enhanced emissions are driven by two processes: desorption of elemental mercury accumulated at the soil:air interface, and photo reduction of mercury containing phases. To determine the need for and effectiveness of regulatory controls on short-lived anthropogenic point sources the contribution of mercury from geologic non-point sources to the atmospheric mercury pool needs to be quantified. The atmospheric mercury contribution from small areas of mining disturbance with relatively high mercury concentrations are, in general, less than that from surrounding large areas of low levels of mercury enrichment. In the arid to semi-arid western United States volatilization is the primary means by which mercury is released from enriched sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Mineral industries
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Mercury volatilization
KW  - Mine waste
KW  - Naturally enriched substrate
N1  - Accession Number: 16565387; Gustin, Sexauer M. 1; Email Address: msg@unr.nevada.edu; Coolbaugh, M. F. 2; Engle, M. A. 2; Fitzgerald, B. C. 1; Keislar, R. E. 3; Lindberg, S. E. 4; Nacht, D. M. 1; Quashnick, J. 1; Rytuba, J. J. 5; Sladek, C. 2; Zhang, H. 4; Zehner, R. E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, MS 370, 1664 N. Virginia Avenue, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.; 2: Department of Geologic Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, NV, USA.; 3: Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, USA.; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.; 5: United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p339; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Mineral industries; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Subject Term: Rocks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury volatilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mine waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Naturally enriched substrate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-002-0630-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Levine, Mark D.
T1  - Sustainable Production and Consumption of Energy: Developments Since the 1992 Rio Summit.
JO  - Environmental Law Reporter: News & Analysis
JF  - Environmental Law Reporter: News & Analysis
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 00462284
AB  - This article looks at the characteristics of sustainable development vis-a-vis energy consumption and production, reviews the laws and policies enacted in the United States that could contribute to more sustainable energy consumption and production, and evaluates actual achievements in three areas that measure sustainability of energy consumption and production. One finds that although there are many guiding principles relevant to energy sustainability and there have been numerous energy-related laws and policies enacted both prior to and after the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, growth in fossil fuel based energy use as well as in energy-related greenhouse gas emissions was more rapid-and thus less sustainable-in the eight years after 1992 than in the two decades prior to Rio.
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13926434; Price, Lynn 1; Levine, Mark D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Scientist and Deputy Group Leader in the International Energy Studies Group, Energy Analysis Department of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA.; 2: Division Director of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA.; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Sustainable development; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Tingfen
AU  - Fields, Matthew W
AU  - Wu, Liyou
AU  - Zu, Yuangang
AU  - Tiedje, James M
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
T1  - Molecular diversity and characterization of nitrite reductase gene fragments (nir K and nir S) from nitrate- and uranium-contaminated groundwater.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 24
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - Summary Nitrate-contaminated groundwater samples were analysed for nir K and nir S gene diversity. The samples differed with respect to nitrate, uranium, heavy metals, organic carbon content, pH and dissolved oxygen levels. A total of 958 nir K and 1162 nir S clones were screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis: 48 and 143 distinct nir K and nir S clones, respectively, were obtained. A single dominant nir K restriction pattern was observed for all six samples and was 83% identical to the Hyphomicrobium zavarzinii nir K gene. A dominant nir S pattern was observed for four of the samples, including the background sample, and was 95% identical to the nir S of Alcaligenes faecalis. Diversity indices for nir K and nir S sequences were not related to any single geochemical characteristic, but results suggested that the diversity of nir K genes was inversely proportional to the diversity of nir S. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the sites based on geochemistry grouped the samples by low, moderate and high nitrate but PCA of the unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) distributions grouped the samples differently. Many of the sequences were not closely related to previously observed genes and some phylogenetically related sequences were obtained from similar samples. The results indicated that the contaminated groundwater contained novel nir K and nir S sequences, functional diversity of both genes changed in relation to the contaminant gradient, but the nir K and nir S functional diversity was affected differently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - GROUNDWATER -- Pollution
KW  - URANIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 8954639; Yan, Tingfen 1,2,3 Fields, Matthew W 1 Wu, Liyou 1 Zu, Yuangang 3 Tiedje, James M 2 Zhou, Jizhong 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6038, Bldg. 1505, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6036, USA.  2: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.  3: Open Research Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER -- Pollution; Subject Term: URANIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00393.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tiquia, S. M.
T1  - EVALUATION OF ORGANIC MATTER AND NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF PARTIALLY DECOMPOSED AND COMPOSTED SPENT PIG LITTER.
JO  - Environmental Technology
JF  - Environmental Technology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 107
SN  - 09593330
AB  - Characterization of soil-applied organic material is necessary in order to clarify the nature of the organic matter and nutrients in it In this study, the organic matter and nutrient contents of the spent pig litter (a mixture of partially decomposed pig manure and sawdust) was characterized before and after windrow composting to: (1) determine their changes during composting, and (2) assess the suitability of the composted spent litter as a soil amendment Results demonstrated mat the time required to teach maturity, and the composition of composted spent litter, depended on the chemical properties of the initial compost feedstock as well as the compost strategies used during composting. Total N, P, and K concentrations of the composted litter depended on chemical properties of the initial material. On the other hand, ON ratio, humic and fulvic add and cation-exchange capacity were influenced by differences in composition of the initial spent litter and composting strategy. If moisture content was maintained weekly at 60% with a four-day turning frequency, the litter reached maturity in 56 days. Maturation of spent litter was accompanied by a decline in total C, water-extractable metals, NH4+-N, increase in ash, (NO3-+NO2-)-N, humic acid, humic acid fulvic add ratio, and cation exchange capacity, and elimination of phytotoxidty. The stability of nutrient and organic matter, acceptable pH and electrical conductivity values, and low levels of undesirable components such as heavy metals and phytotoxic compounds of the spent litter provided substantial evidence that agronomically suitable compost can be obtained after composting in windrows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Sewage -- Purification -- Nutrient removal
KW  - Manures
KW  - Composting
KW  - Humic acid
KW  - Recycling (Waste, etc.)
KW  - Cation-exchange capacity
KW  - compost maturity
KW  - decomposition
KW  - deep litter system
KW  - humic acid
N1  - Accession Number: 51910163; Tiquia, S. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p97; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Sewage -- Purification -- Nutrient removal; Thesaurus Term: Manures; Thesaurus Term: Composting; Thesaurus Term: Humic acid; Thesaurus Term: Recycling (Waste, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cation-exchange capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: compost maturity; Author-Supplied Keyword: decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: deep litter system; Author-Supplied Keyword: humic acid; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562920 Materials Recovery Facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562219 Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abt, I.
AU  - Abyzov, A.
AU  - Adams, M.
AU  - Albrecht, H.
AU  - Amaral, V.
AU  - Amorim, A.
AU  - Aplin, S.J.
AU  - Arefiev, A.
AU  - Ariño, I.
AU  - Atiya, M.
AU  - Aushev, V.
AU  - Bagaturia, Y.
AU  - Baghshetsyan, R.
AU  - Balagura, V.
AU  - Bargiotti, M.
AU  - Barsuk, S.
AU  - Barsukova, O.
AU  - Bassetti, V.
AU  - Bastos, J.
AU  - Bauer, C.
T1  - Measurement of the ... production cross section in 920 GeV fixed-target proton-nucleus collisions.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 355
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Using the HERA - B detector, the bb production cross section has been measured in 920 GeV proton collisions on carbon and titanium targets. The bb production was tagged via inclusive bottom quark decays into J/ψ by exploiting the longitudinal separation of J/ψ → l+l- decay vertices from the primary proton-nucleus interaction. Both e+e- and u+u- channels have been reconstructed and the combined analysis yields the cross section σ(bb) 32-12+14(stat)-7+6(sys) nb/nucleon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15179621; Abt, I. 1 Abyzov, A. 2 Adams, M. 3 Albrecht, H. 4 Amaral, V. 5 Amorim, A. 5 Aplin, S.J. 4 Arefiev, A. 6 Ariño, I. 7 Atiya, M. 8 Aushev, V. 9 Bagaturia, Y. 4,10 Baghshetsyan, R. 4,11 Balagura, V. 6 Bargiotti, M. 12 Barsuk, S. 6 Barsukova, O. 2 Bassetti, V. 13 Bastos, J. 5 Bauer, C. 14; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Werner-Heisenberg-Institut, 80805 München, Germany  2: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia  3: Institut für Physik, Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany  4: DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany  5: LIP Coimbra and Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal  6: Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117259 Moscow, Russia  7: Department ECM, Faculty of Physics, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain  8: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  9: Institute for Nuclear Research, Ukrainian Academy of Science, 03680 Kiev, Ukraine  10: visitor from High Energy Physics Institute, 380086 Tbilisi, Georgia  11: visitor from Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia  12: Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Università di Bologna and INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy  13: Northwestern University, Evanston, Il 60208, USA  14: Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p345; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, J.
AU  - Li, T.
T1  - Self-tuning and de Sitter brane intersections in 6-dimensional brane models.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 478
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - We study the self-tuning of general brane junctions and brane networks on 6-dimensional space- time. For general brane junctions, there may exist one fine-tuning among the brane tensions. For the brane networks, similar to the 5-dimensional self-tuning brane models, the brane tensions can be set arbitrarily and there exists a singularity for the metric and bulk scalar. If we want to regularize the singularity, we will introduce fine-tuning among the brane tensions. In addition, because the 4-dimensional cosmological constant we observe may be positive and very small, we discuss the brane network with de Sitter brane intersections by introducing a bulk scalar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRANES
KW  - SPACE & time
KW  - SUPERSTRING theories
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 15179619; Jiang, J. 1 Li, T. 2; Email Address: tli@sns.ias.edu; Affiliation:  1: Division of High Energy Physics, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439, USA  2: School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p473; Subject Term: BRANES; Subject Term: SPACE & time; Subject Term: SUPERSTRING theories; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 06p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Cellular senescence and apoptosis: how cellular responses might influence aging phenotypes
JO  - Experimental Gerontology
JF  - Experimental Gerontology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 38
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 05315565
AB  - Aging in complex multi-cellular organisms such as mammals entails distinctive changes in cells and molecules that ultimately compromise the fitness of adult organisms. These cellular and molecular changes lead to the phenotypes we recognize as aging. This review discusses some of the cellular and molecular changes that occur with age, specifically changes that occur as a result of cellular responses that evolved to ameliorate the inevitable damage that is caused by endogenous and environmental insults. Because the force of natural selection declines with age, it is likely that these processes were never optimized during their evolution to benefit old organisms. That is, some age-related changes may be the result of gene activities that were selected for their beneficial effects in young organisms, but the same gene activities may have unselected, deleterious effects in old organisms, a phenomenon termed antagonistic pleiotropy. Two cellular processes, apoptosis and cellular senescence, may be examples of antagonistic pleiotropy. Both processes are essential for the viability and fitness of young organisms, but may contribute to aging phenotypes, including certain age-related diseases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Gerontology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOLOGY
KW  - AGING
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - Antagonistic pleiotropy
KW  - Apoptosis
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Cellular senescence
KW  - DNA damage response
KW  - Neurodegeneration
KW  - p53
KW  - Telomeres
N1  - Accession Number: 11850658; Campisi, Judith 1,2; Email Address: jcampisi@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA 94945, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 38 Issue 1/2, p5; Subject Term: CYTOLOGY; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antagonistic pleiotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apoptosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA damage response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neurodegeneration; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomeres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0531-5565(02)00152-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knupp, Patrick M.
T1  - Algebraic mesh quality metrics for unstructured initial meshes
JO  - Finite Elements in Analysis & Design
JF  - Finite Elements in Analysis & Design
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 0168874X
AB  - Explicit formulas for size, shape, skew, and combined mesh quality metrics are given for triangular, tetrahedral, quadrilateral, and hexahedral finite elements. The formulas are examples of abstractly defined metrics whose essential properties serve to guide the formulation of effective metrics. Effectiveness is demonstrated via comparisons with other metrics, contour plots, and analysis of particular meshes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Finite Elements in Analysis & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - FINITE geometries
KW  - Mesh quality metrics
N1  - Accession Number: 7919774; Knupp, Patrick M. 1; Email Address: pknupp@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Parallel Computing Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, M/S 0847, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0847, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p217; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: FINITE geometries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesh quality metrics; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gilbert, Benjamin
AU  - Hengzhong Zhang
AU  - Feng Huang
AU  - Finnegan, Michael P.
AU  - Waychunas, Glenn A.
AU  - Banfield, Jillian F.
T1  - Special phase transformation and crystal growth pathways observed in nanoparticles.
JO  - Geochemical Transactions
JF  - Geochemical Transactions
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 27
SN  - 14674866
AB  - Phase transformation and crystal growth in nanoparticles may happen via mechanisms distinct from those in bulk materials. We combine experimental studies of as-synthesized and hydrothermally coarsened titania (TiO2) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) with thermodynamic analysis, kinetic modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, synchrotron X-ray absorption and scattering, and UV-vis spectroscopy. At low temperatures, phase transformation in titania nanoparticles occurs predominantly via interface nucleation at particle-particle contacts. Coarsening and crystal growth of titania nanoparticles can be described using the Smoluchowski equation. Oriented attachment-based crystal growth was common in both hydrothermal solutions and under dry conditions. MD simulations predict large structural perturbations within very fine particles, and are consistent with experimental results showing that ligand binding and change in aggregation state can cause phase transformation without particle coarsening. Such phenomena affect surface reactivity, thus may have important roles in geochemical cycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geochemical Transactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - ZINC sulfide
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 30095299; Gilbert, Benjamin 1; Email Address: bgilbert@eps.berkeley.edu Hengzhong Zhang 1 Feng Huang 1 Finnegan, Michael P. 1,2 Waychunas, Glenn A. 3 Banfield, Jillian F. 1,4; Email Address: jill@eps.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1509 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1595, USA  3: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 108B, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 4, p20; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: ZINC sulfide; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1039/b309073f
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tinker, David
AU  - Lesher, Charles E.
AU  - Hutcheon, Ian D.
T1  - Self-diffusion of Si and O in diopside-anorthite melt at high pressures
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Self-diffusion coefficients for Si and O in Di58An42 liquid were measured from 1 to 4 GPa and temperatures from 1510 to 1764°C. Glass starting powders enriched in 18O and 28Si were mated to isotopically normal glass powders to form simple diffusion couples, and self-diffusion experiments were conducted in the piston cylinder device (1 and 2 GPa) and in the multianvil apparatus (3.5 and 4 GPa). Profiles of 18O/16O and 29,30Si/28Si were measured using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Self-diffusion coefficients for O (D(O)) are slightly greater than self-diffusion coefficients for Si (D(Si)) and are often the same within error. For example, D(O) = 4.20 ± 0.42 × 10−11 m2/s and D(Si) = 3.65 ± 0.37 × 10−11 m2/s at 1 GPa and 1662°C. Activation energies for self-diffusion are 215 ± 13 kJ/mol for O and 227 ± 13 kJ/mol for Si. Activation volumes for self-diffusion are −2.1 ± 0.4 cm3/mol and −2.3 ± 0.4 cm3/mol for O and Si, respectively. The similar self-diffusion coefficients for Si and O, similar activation energies, and small, negative activation volumes are consistent with Si and O transport by a cooperative diffusion mechanism, most likely involving the formation and disassociation of a high-coordinated intermediate species. The small absolute magnitudes of the activation volumes imply that Di58An42 liquid is close to a transition from negative to positive activation volume, and Adam-Gibbs theory suggests that this transition is linked to the existence of a critical fraction (∼0.6) of bridging oxygen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 8666897; Tinker, David 1; Email Address: Tinker@geology.ucdavis.edu Lesher, Charles E. 1 Hutcheon, Ian D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Analytical & Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 67 Issue 1, p133; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Neill, E. G.
AU  - Johnson, D. W.
AU  - Ledford, J.
AU  - Todd, D. E.
T1  - Acute seasonal drought does not permanently alter mass loss and nitrogen dynamics during decomposition of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) litter.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 123
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract Litter decomposition is a major component of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems and is known to be sensitive to both temperature and moisture. A drought during periods of the year when moisture is normally abundant may impact decomposition more than moisture limitation during seasons that are routinely dry. We excluded precipitation for a 3-month period during each of four seasons and measured mass loss and nitrogen (N) dynamics in Acer rubrum leaf litter by using a litterbag approach. We hypothesized that rainfall exclusion would retard mass loss during the exclusion period, with the maximum effect occurring during the spring and summer months when moisture was normally adequate and temperatures optimum for decomposition, and that exclusion during these two periods would have the greatest impact on subsequent timing of decomposition events, particularly N mineralization. Mass loss in litterbags was initially reduced by precipitation exclusion in the spring treatment only. For each season, a set of bags exposed to drying in the same way and allowed to remain in the field under ambient conditions for an additional 9 months no longer showed a difference in mass loss relative to control bags. Nitrogen accumulation was immediately and significantly reduced in the exclusion treatments in all seasons; however, like mass loss, there was no difference 9 months later. We conclude that short-term effects of drought do occur, especially with regard to N accumulation, and that these effects do not persist and are unlikely to have any substantial effect on nutrient cycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RED maple
KW  - LITTER (Trash)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - drought
KW  - litter decomposition
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - nitrogen accumulation
KW  - Nitrogen flux
KW  - precipitation
KW  - Throughfall Displacement Experiment
N1  - Accession Number: 8665905; O'Neill, E. G. 1 Johnson, D. W. 2 Ledford, J. 1 Todd, D. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA,  2: Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p117; Subject Term: RED maple; Subject Term: LITTER (Trash); Subject Term: NITROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: litter decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Throughfall Displacement Experiment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00538.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raybourn, Elaine M.
AU  - Kings, Nicholas
AU  - Davies, John
T1  - Adding cultural signposts in adaptive community-based virtual environments
JO  - Interacting with Computers
JF  - Interacting with Computers
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 09535438
AB  - This paper describes an experimental, adaptive community-based system, the Forum, designed to facilitate communication where there are mutual concerns or interests among virtual communities within or across organizations. Our description of the Forum is presented from the perspective of user-centered interaction design. The system consists of a WWW-based collaborative virtual environment comprised of intelligent software agents that support explicit information sharing, chance meetings, and real time informal communication. The Forum provided the technological support for users to interact informally, but lacked the social support necessary to motivate users to interact with strangers in their community of practice. Context, or the reasons why two persons might want to meet, was overlooked. We propose future directions for the Forum including cultural signposts that provide contextual cues in the intelligent community-based system to better support information sharing and real time communication between strangers. The contribution of the present paper is to provide lessons learned about design considerations from a series of user trials over a period of one year for developing adaptive community-based systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Interacting with Computers is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTELLIGENT agents (Computer software)
KW  - ORGANIZATION
KW  - Adaptive
KW  - Collaborative virtual environment
KW  - Community-based system
KW  - Culture
KW  - Information sharing
KW  - Intelligent agents
KW  - Interaction design
KW  - Intercultural communication
N1  - Accession Number: 8805024; Raybourn, Elaine M. 1; Email Address: emraybo@sandia.gov Kings, Nicholas 2; Email Address: nick.kings@bt.com Davies, John 2; Email Address: john.nj.davies@bt.com; Affiliation:  1: Computational Initiatives Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800 MS 1188, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Knowledge Management Research BTexact Technologies Adastral Park, Ipswich IP5 3RE, UK; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p91; Subject Term: INTELLIGENT agents (Computer software); Subject Term: ORGANIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collaborative virtual environment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Community-based system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Culture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information sharing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intelligent agents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interaction design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intercultural communication; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0953-5438(02)00056-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rainey, K.N.
AU  - You, S.M.
AU  - Lee, S.
T1  - Effect of pressure, subcooling, and dissolved gas on pool boiling heat transfer from microporous, square pin-finned surfaces in FC-72
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 00179310
AB  - The present research is an experimental study of the effects of pressure, subcooling, and non-condensable gas (air) on the pool nucleate boiling heat transfer performance of microporous enhanced finned surfaces. The test surfaces, solid copper blocks with 1-cm2 bases and <f>5×5</f> square pin-fin arrays of 2, 4 and 8 mm fin lengths, were immersed in FC-72. The test conditions included an absolute pressure range of 30–150 kPa and a subcooling range of 0 (saturation) to 50 K. Effects of these parameters on nucleate boiling and critical heat flux (CHF) were investigated. In addition, differences between pure subcooled and gas-saturated conditions as well as horizontal and vertical base orientations were also investigated. Results showed that, in general, the effects of pressure and subcooling on both nucleate boiling and CHF were consistent with previously tested flat surface results, however, subcooling was found to significantly affect the high heat flux region of the microporous finned surfaces nucleate boiling curves. The relative enhancement of CHF from increased subcooling was greater for the microporous surface than the plain surface but less than a microporous flat surface. The horizontal orientation (horizontal base/vertical fins) was found to be slightly better than the vertical orientation (vertical base/horizontal fins). Correlations for both nucleate boiling and CHF for the microporous surfaces were also developed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATE boiling
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - HEAT flux transducers
KW  - Dissolved gas
KW  - Enhancement
KW  - Fins
KW  - Pool boiling
KW  - Pressure
KW  - Subcooling
N1  - Accession Number: 8846635; Rainey, K.N. 1; Email Address: rainey@lanl.gov You, S.M. 2; Email Address: you@uta.edu Lee, S. 3; Email Address: seri.lee@intel.com; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS P940 Los Alamos, NM 87545-1663, USA  2: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, P.O. Box 19023, Arlington, TX 76019-0023, USA  3: Intel Corporation, Desktop Architecture Lab, JF2-54, 2111 N.E. 25th Avenue, Hillsboro, OR 97124-5961, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: NUCLEATE boiling; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: HEAT flux transducers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissolved gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enhancement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pool boiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subcooling; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leavell, Michael D.
AU  - Kruppa, Gary H.
AU  - Leary, Julie A.
T1  - Determination of phosphate position in hexose monosaccharides using an FTICR mass spectrometer: ion/molecule reactions, labeling studies, and dissociation mechanisms
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 222
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Determination of phosphate position in carbohydrates using mass spectrometry is difficult due to the low energy loss of the phosphate either as a neutral or as an ion in MS/MS experiments. A possible solution to this problem is proposed in this work, whereby we use ion/molecule reactions in combination with tandem mass spectrometry to determine the site of phosphorylation on phosphorylated monosaccharides. Singly charged negative ions from phosphorylated monosaccharides are reacted with trimethyl borate in an FTICR MS analyzer cell to produce ion/molecule reaction products with the loss of a neutral methanol molecule. This reaction product likely involves a covalent bond between one of the phosphate oxygen atoms and boron. Derivatization of the phosphate in this manner allows stabilization of the phosphate group under SORI-CID conditions, allowing generation of ions characteristic of the phosphate linkage. Ion structures and dissociation mechanisms explaining these results are presented and discussed. The mechanistic studies suggest that the extra degrees of freedom provided by the 6-linked phosphate allows formation of diagnostic ions in the 6-linked case that are not formed from the 1-linked isomer. The dissociation of the ion/molecule reaction products using infrared multi-photon dissociation (IRMPD) as an activation method was also investigated. While SORI-CID and IRMPD activation yield similar dissociation patterns, the characteristic differences in the product ion spectra between the monosaccharides phosphorylated in the 1- and 6-positions are not observed using IRMPD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBOHYDRATES
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - FTICR MS
KW  - Ion/molecule reactions
KW  - IRMPD
KW  - Monosaccharide
KW  - Phosphate linkage
KW  - Phosphorylated carbohydrates
KW  - SORI-CID
N1  - Accession Number: 8578458; Leavell, Michael D. 1 Kruppa, Gary H. 2 Leary, Julie A. 1; Email Address: leary@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 222 Issue 1-3, p135; Subject Term: CARBOHYDRATES; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTICR MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion/molecule reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: IRMPD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monosaccharide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphate linkage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphorylated carbohydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: SORI-CID; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tolmachev, Aleksey V.
AU  - Udseth, Harold R.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Modeling the ion density distribution in collisional cooling RF multipole ion guides
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 222
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Collisional cooling radio frequency (RF) multipoles are widely used in mass spectrometry, as ion guides and two-dimensional ion traps. Understanding the behavior of ions in these devices is important in choosing a multipole configuration and optimizing its performance. We have developed a computer model based on ion trajectory calculations in the RF multipole electric field, taking into account ion–ion and ion–neutral interactions. The two-dimensional model for idealized infinite RF multipoles gives an accurate description of the ion density distribution. We consider first a basic case of a single m/z ion cloud in the two-dimensional RF quadrupole after equilibrium is reached. Approximate theoretical relationships for the ion cloud configuration in the two-dimensional ion trap are tested based on the simulation results. Next we consider the case of an ion cloud consisting of several different m/z ion species. The ion relaxation dynamics and the process of establishing the stratified ion density distribution are observed. Simulations reveal that the ion kinetic energy relaxation dynamics are dependent on the ion population and bath gas pressure. The equilibrium distribution agrees well with the ion stratification theory, as demonstrated by simulations for RF quadrupole and octopole two-dimensional ion traps. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE charge
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Computer modeling
KW  - Ion cooling
KW  - Mass range
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Space charge
N1  - Accession Number: 8578459; Tolmachev, Aleksey V. 1 Udseth, Harold R. 1 Smith, Richard D.; Email Address: rd_smith@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, MS K8-98, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 222 Issue 1-3, p155; Subject Term: SPACE charge; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass range; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space charge; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, Thomas H.
AU  - Laskin, Julia
AU  - Futrell, Jean H.
T1  - Energetics of selective cleavage at acidic residues studied by time- and energy-resolved surface-induced dissociation in FT-ICR MS
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 222
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Surface-induced dissociation (SID) of four model peptides: LDIFSDF, LDIFSDFR, RLDIFSDF, and LEIFSEFR, was studied using a novel Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) specially equipped to perform SID experiments. The energetics and dynamics of selective cleavages at acidic residues were deduced by modeling the time- and energy-resolved fragmentation efficiency curves (TFECs) using an RRKM-based approach developed in our laboratory. RRKM modeling revealed that addition of a basic residue—arginine—to the C-terminus of a peptide has a very small effect on the dissociation threshold. However, the dynamics of dissociation is dramatically affected by the presence of arginine. The Arrhenius pre-exponential factor for dissociation of LDIFSDF is two orders of magnitude higher than the pre-exponential factor for dissociation of arginine-containing peptides. The difference in the pre-exponential factors is indicative of a complex rearrangement process associated with selective fragmentation. Molecular mechanics modeling of the four parent ions gives some qualitative insight into the differences in fragmentation mechanisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - FRAGMENTATION reactions
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - Fragmentation energetics
KW  - Protonated peptides
KW  - RRKM modeling
KW  - Selective cleavage
KW  - Surface-induced dissociation
N1  - Accession Number: 8578472; Bailey, Thomas H. 1 Laskin, Julia 2; Email Address: julia.laskin@pnl.gov Futrell, Jean H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 (K8-96), Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 222 Issue 1-3, p313; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: FRAGMENTATION reactions; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fragmentation energetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protonated peptides; Author-Supplied Keyword: RRKM modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective cleavage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface-induced dissociation; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, J.
AU  - Lakshmana Rao, C.
AU  - Massoudi, Mehrdad
T1  - Couette flow of granular materials
JO  - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 00207462
AB  - The flow of granular materials between rotating cylinders is studied using a continuum model proposed by Rajagopal and Massoudi (A method for measuring material moduli for granular materials: flow in an orthogonal rheometer, DOE/PETC/TR90/3, 1990). For a steady, fully developed condition, the governing equations are reduced to a system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations. The resulting boundary value problem is non-dimensionalized and is then solved numerically. The effect of material parameters, i.e., dimensionless numbers on the volume fraction and the velocity fields are studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRANULAR materials
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - Boundary value problems
KW  - Continuum mechanics
KW  - Couette flow
KW  - Granular materials
N1  - Accession Number: 7849828; Kumar, J. 1 Lakshmana Rao, C. 1 Massoudi, Mehrdad 2; Email Address: massoudi@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai – 600036, India  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: GRANULAR materials; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boundary value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuum mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Couette flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Granular materials; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nimlos, Mark R.
AU  - Blanksby, Stephen J.
AU  - Ellison, G. Barney
AU  - Evans, Robert J.
T1  - Enhancement of 1,2-dehydration of alcohols by alkali cations and protons: a model for dehydration of carbohydrates
JO  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
JF  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 01652370
AB  - We have used electronic structure calculations to investigate the 1,2-dehydration of alcohols as a model for water loss during the pyrolysis of carbohydrates found in biomass. Reaction enthalpies and energy barriers have been calculated for neat alcohols, protonated alcohols and alcohols complexed to alkali metal ions (Li+ and Na+). We have estimated pre-exponential A factors in order to obtain gas phase rate constants. For neat alcohols, the barrier to 1,2-dehydration is about 67 kcal mol−1, which is consistent with the limited experimental data. Protonation and metal complexation significantly reduce this activation barrier and thus, facilitate more rapid reaction. With the addition of alkali metals, the rate of dehydration can increase by a factor of 108 while addition of a proton can lead to an increase of a factor of 1023. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - DEHYDRATION (Physiology)
KW  - CARBOHYDRATES
KW  - ALKALIES
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - 1,2-Dehydration of alcohols
KW  - Alkali cations and protons
KW  - Dehydration of carbohydrates
N1  - Accession Number: 8575938; Nimlos, Mark R. 1,2; Email Address: nimlosm@tcplink.nrel.gov Blanksby, Stephen J. 2 Ellison, G. Barney 2 Evans, Robert J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1/2, p3; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: DEHYDRATION (Physiology); Subject Term: CARBOHYDRATES; Subject Term: ALKALIES; Subject Term: CATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,2-Dehydration of alcohols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkali cations and protons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dehydration of carbohydrates; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325181 Alkali and chlorine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Britt, Phillip F.
AU  - Buchanan III, A.C.
AU  - Kidder, Michelle K.
AU  - Owens Jr, Clyde V.
T1  - Influence of steroid structure on the pyrolytic formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
JO  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
JF  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 01652370
AB  - It is well known that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are formed from the pyrolysis of biomass, but the precursors and pathways that lead to PAHs are not well characterized. In this investigation, the flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) and the atmospheric pressure flow pyrolysis of a series of structurally different plant steroids, including stigmasterol, stigmasteryl acetate, β-sitosterol, stigmasta-3,5-diene, cholesterol, cholesteryl acetate, dihydrocholesterol, and ergosterol was investigated at 700 °C to determine the impact of steroid structure on the formation of three, four, and five ring PAHs. FVP of the steroids revealed that PAHs, such as phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, benz[a]anthracene and their monomethylated derivatives, were formed by a series of unimolecular reactions, and the PAH yields were dependent upon the steroid structure. PAH yields were most sensitive to the number of double bonds in the steroid B-ring. Ergosterol (two double bonds) produced 13-fold more PAHs than dihydrocholesterol (no double bonds) in FVP experiments and 4-fold more PAHs in the flow pyrolysis experiments. Increasing the temperature from 700 to 800 °C in the FVP experiments only slightly increased the PAH yields for dihydrocholesterol relative to cholesterol, but the yield of small aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene and toluene, increased approximately 2-fold. Small increases in PAH yields (10–40%) were found in the FVP experiments if a double bond was placed in the steroid A-ring by 1,2-elimination of an ester (as for cholesteryl acetate), but this trend was not observed in the flow pyrolysis experiments. Insight into the structural origins of the PAHs was gained by FVP of [4-13C]cholesterol, in which the 13C content of the products were determined by mass spectrometry. The PAH yields from the flow pyrolysis of steroids esterified with saturated and unsaturated long chain fatty acids, i.e. cholesteryl stearate, cholesteryl oleate, and cholesteryl linolenate, were 20–40% lower (per gram of steroid) than the free steroid. The yield of three to five ring PAHs did not correlate with the number of double bonds in the ester chain, but the yield of benzene increased as the number of double bonds in the ester chain increased. In general, this investigation has shown that structural differences in steroids can significantly alter the PAH yields formed from the vacuum pyrolysis or atmospheric pressure pyrolysis of steroids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - STEROIDS
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - Atmospheric pressure
KW  - Pyrolysis
KW  - Steroids
N1  - Accession Number: 8575941; Britt, Phillip F.; Email Address: brittpf@ornl.gov Buchanan III, A.C. 1 Kidder, Michelle K. 1 Owens Jr, Clyde V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bld 4500N, C-26, MS 6197, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1/2, p71; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: STEROIDS; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steroids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allain, Leonardo R.
AU  - Stratis, Dimitra N.
AU  - Cullum, Brian M.
AU  - Mobley, Joel
AU  - Hajaligol, Mohammad R.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Real-time detection of PAH mixtures in the vapor phase at high temperatures
JO  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
JF  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 01652370
AB  - Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy can serve as a rapid analytical method for the quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The high quantum yields of this class of compounds, along with large absorption cross-sections, make fluorescence a very attractive technique for trace analysis determination of PAHs. Furthermore, fluorescence can provide in situ and online information regarding the composition and concentration of PAHs formed during combustion or pyrolysis processes. In this paper, we utilize a fiber-optic probe coupled to a spectrometer to collect fluorescence spectra of several PAH vapors at elevated temperatures using excitation at 337 nm. We have collected the fluorescence of standards as well as complex mixtures of PAHs at 300 °C. The expected band broadening induced by temperature effects was observed, but did not compromise the spectrum signature for each PAH studied. We have measured fluorescence spectra of benzo[a]pyrene, pyrene, anthracene, and phenanthrene vapors. Determination of trace amounts of the toxicologically important benzo[a]pyrene has been shown to be feasible. Experimental results show that at 337 nm, benzo[a]pyrene is the most quantum efficient fluorophore among the PAHs studied. Furthermore, fluorescence lifetime measurements were found to be helpful in the characterization of PAH mixtures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - BaP
KW  - Fiber-optical probe
KW  - High-temperature vapor
KW  - Laser-induced fluorescence
KW  - PAH
N1  - Accession Number: 8575944; Allain, Leonardo R. 1 Stratis, Dimitra N. 1 Cullum, Brian M. 1 Mobley, Joel 1 Hajaligol, Mohammad R. 2 Vo-Dinh, Tuan 1; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA  2: Philip Morris Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Richmond, VA 23261-6583, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1/2, p145; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: LASER beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: BaP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiber-optical probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature vapor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: PAH; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cook, Andrea C.
AU  - Wadsworth, Jeffrey
AU  - Southon, John R.
AU  - van der Merwe, Nikolaas J.
T1  - AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Rusty Iron
JO  - Journal of Archaeological Science
JF  - Journal of Archaeological Science
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 03054403
AB  - The role of rust in the radiocarbon dating of iron artefacts has been examined experimentally. This was accomplished by re-measuring, using modern accelerator mass spectrometry techniques, the radiocarbon dates of ancient iron-based artefacts that were originally radiocarbon dated 30 years ago by beta counting. The samples were dated with the rust that had accumulated over the last 30 years, which in some cases had consumed most of the original metal. The study also afforded the opportunity to compare beta counting with accelerator mass spectrometry, large and small sample sizes, and old versus new carbon extraction methods. The results demonstrate that in at least some circumstances the carbon in rust can be reliably used for radiocarbon dating. Some experimental observations on iron microstructure and oxidation processes which support these results, are reviewed. The issues of sample size and the role of rust are important because they open up new possibilities for dating iron-based artefacts that had previously been assumed to be unavailable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Archaeological Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - RADIOCARBON dating
KW  - IRON
KW  - ANTIQUITIES
KW  - RADIOCARBON DATING, IRON, RUST.
N1  - Accession Number: 11544153; Cook, Andrea C. 1 Wadsworth, Jeffrey 2 Southon, John R. 2 van der Merwe, Nikolaas J. 3; Affiliation:  1: High Tech High, San Diego, CA, 92107, U.S.A.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, U.S.A.  3: University of Cape Town, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: RADIOCARBON dating; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: ANTIQUITIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: RADIOCARBON DATING, IRON, RUST.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 712120 Historical Sites; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jasc.2002.0811
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsin-hsin Kao, George C.
AU  - Ming-shi Chang, George C.
AU  - Jan-fang Cheng, George C.
AU  - Jin-ding Huang, George C.
T1  - Genomic Structure, Gene Expression, and Promoter Analysis of Human Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 7.
JO  - Journal of Biomedical Science
JF  - Journal of Biomedical Science
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
EP  - 110
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 10217770
AB  - The multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) subfamily transporters associated with anticancer drug efflux are attributed to the multidrug-resistance of cancer cells. The genomic organization of human multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 (MRP7) was identified. The human MRP7 gene, consisting of 22 exons and 21 introns, greatly differs from other members of the human MRP subfamily. A splicing variant of human MRP7, MRP7A, expressed in most human tissues, was also characterized. The 1.93-kb promoter region of MRP7 was isolated and shown to support luciferase activity at a level 4- to 5-fold greater than that of the SV40 promoter. Basal MRP7 gene expression was regulated by 2 regions in the 5′-flanking region at –1,780–1,287 bp, and at –611 to –208 bp. In Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, MRP7 promoter activity was increased by 226% by genotoxic 2-acetylaminofluorene and 347% by the histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A. The protein was expressed in the membrane fraction of transfected MDCK cells.Copyright © 2003 National Science Council, ROC and S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biomedical Science is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIDRUG resistance
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - PROMOTERS (Genetics)
KW  - ABC transporter
KW  - Genomic organization
KW  - MRP7
KW  - Multidrug resistance
KW  - Promoter analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11372312; Hsin-hsin Kao, George C. 1,2 Ming-shi Chang, George C. 3; Email Address: mschang@mail.ncku.edu.tw Jan-fang Cheng, George C. 4 Jin-ding Huang, George C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Food Nutrition, Chung-Hwa College of Medical Technology,Tainan, Taiwan, ROC  2: Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC  3: Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif., USA; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p98; Subject Term: MULTIDRUG resistance; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: PROMOTERS (Genetics); Author-Supplied Keyword: ABC transporter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genomic organization; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRP7; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multidrug resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Promoter analysis; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000068078
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prausnitz, John M.
T1  - Molecular thermodynamics for some applications in biotechnology
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 00219614
AB  - As biotechnology sweeps the world, it is appropriate to remember that the great virtue of thermodynamics is its broad range of applicability. As a result, there is a growing literature describing how chemical thermodynamics can be used to inform processes for old and new biochemical products for industry and medicine. A particular application of molecular thermodynamics concerns separation of aqueous proteins by selective precipitation. For this purpose, we need phase diagrams; for constructing such diagrams, we need to understand not only the qualitative nature of phase equilibria of aqueous proteins but also the quantitative intermolecular forces between proteins in solution. Some examples are given to show how aqueous protein–protein forces can be calculated or measured to yield a potential of mean force and how that potential is then used along with a statistical thermodynamic model to establish liquid–liquid and liquid–crystal equilibria. Such equilibria are useful not only for separation processes but also for understanding diseases like Alzheimer’s, cataracts and sickle-cell anemia that appear to be caused by protein agglomeration.<inline-fig BASELINE="0.0"><link locator="fx1"></inline-fig> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 9161221; Prausnitz, John M. 1,2; Email Address: prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, 201 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p21; Subject Term: BIOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howell, Louis H.
AU  - Greenough, Jeffrey A.
T1  - Radiation diffusion for multi-fluid Eulerian hydrodynamics with adaptive mesh refinement
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 184
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Block-structured meshes provide the ability to concentrate grid points and computational effort in interesting regions of a flow field, without sacrificing the efficiency and low memory requirements of a regular grid. We describe an algorithm for simulating radiation diffusion on such a mesh, coupled to multi-fluid gasdynamics. Conservation laws are enforced by using locally conservative difference schemes along with explicit synchronization operations between different levels of refinement. In unsteady calculations each refinement level is advanced at its own optimal timestep. Particular attention is given to the appropriate coupling between the fluid energy and the radiation field, the behavior of the discretization at sharp interfaces, and the form of synchronization between levels required for energy conservation in the diffusion process. Two- and three-dimensional examples are presented, including parallel calculations performed on an IBM SP-2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - Adaptive mesh
KW  - Multi-fluid
KW  - Parallel
KW  - Radiation diffusion
KW  - Radiation transport
N1  - Accession Number: 8999878; Howell, Louis H.; Email Address: nazgul@llnl.gov Greenough, Jeffrey A. 1; Email Address: greenough1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, MS L-560, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 184 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive mesh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation transport; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margolin, L.G.
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail
T1  - Second-order sign-preserving conservative interpolation (remapping) on general grids
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 184
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 266
SN  - 00219991
AB  - An accurate conservative interpolation (remapping) algorithm is an essential component of most arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) methods. In this paper we describe a local remapping algorithm for a positive scalar function. This algorithm is second-order accurate, conservative, and sign preserving. The algorithm is based on estimating the mass exchanged between cells at their common interface, and so is equally applicable to structured and unstructured grids. We construct the algorithm in a series of steps, clearly delineating the assumptions and errors made at each step. We validate our theory with a suite of numerical examples, analyzing the results from the viewpoint of accuracy and order of convergence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALE methods
KW  - Conservative interpolation
KW  - Remapping
N1  - Accession Number: 8999887; Margolin, L.G. 1 Shashkov, Mikhail 2; Email Address: shashkov@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B258, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Theoretical Division, T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory Mail Stop B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 184 Issue 1, p266; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ALE methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservative interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remapping; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Quanlin
AU  - Liu, Hui-Hai
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S.
AU  - Oldenburg, Curtis M.
T1  - Flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock: effects of multiscale heterogeneity of hydrogeologic properties
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The heterogeneity of hydrogeologic properties at different scales may have different effects on flow and transport processes in a subsurface system. A model for the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, is developed to represent complex heterogeneity at two different scales: (1) layer scale corresponding to geologic layering and (2) local scale. The layer-scale hydrogeologic properties are obtained using inverse modeling, based on the available measurements collected from the Yucca Mountain site. Calibration results show a significant lateral and vertical variability in matrix and fracture properties. Hydrogeologic property distributions in a two-dimensional, vertical cross-section of the site are generated by combining the average layer-scale matrix and fracture properties with local-scale perturbations generated using a stochastic simulation method. The unsaturated water flow and conservative (nonsorbing) tracer transport through the cross-section are simulated for different sets of matrix and fracture property fields. Comparison of simulation results indicates that the local-scale heterogeneity of matrix and fracture properties has a considerable effect on unsaturated flow processes, leading to fast flow paths in fractures and the matrix. These paths shorten the travel time of a conservative tracer from the source (repository) horizon in the unsaturated zone to the water table for small fractions of total released tracer mass. As a result, the local-scale heterogeneity also has a noticeable effect on global tracer transport processes, characterized by an average breakthrough curve at the water table, especially at the early arrival time of tracer mass. However, the effect is not significant at the later time after 20% tracer mass reaches the water table. The simulation results also verify that matrix diffusion plays an important role in overall solute transport processes in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Stochastic systems
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Dual-permeability media
KW  - Flow and transport
KW  - Fractures and matrix
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Unsaturated zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 8565019; Zhou, Quanlin; Email Address: QLZhou@lbl.gov; Liu, Hui-Hai 1; Email Address: HHLiu@lbl.gov; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. 1; Email Address: GSBodvarsson@lbl.gov; Oldenburg, Curtis M. 1; Email Address: CMOldenburg@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road Mailstop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 60 Issue 1/2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Subject Term: Stochastic systems; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dual-permeability media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow and transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractures and matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Kun-Lin
AU  - Yiacoumi, Sotira
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
T1  - Electrosorption capacitance of nanostructured carbon aerogel obtained by cyclic voltammetry
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 540
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 15726657
AB  - Cyclic voltammetry experiments at various electrolyte solution concentrations (0.001–0.1 M) and scan rates (1 to 5 mV s−1) have been performed to study the electrical double layer (edl) formation in nanostructured carbon aerogel. The results show that carbon aerogel is a good edl capacitor and can be further divided into mesoporous and microporous capacitors. According to the experiments, the mesoporous capacitor shows a fast charging/discharging response and is only minimally affected by the electrolyte concentration and scan rate. Therefore, the specific capacitance of the mesoporous capacitor is found to be constant over a wide range of applied electrical potentials. On the other hand, the microporous capacitor shows a slow charging/discharging response and its capacitance strongly depends on the electrolyte concentration and potential. Unlike previous experiments, in which only a flat minimum was observed at the point of zero charge (pzc), in the current study, a deep minimum is observed near the pzc at low electrolyte concentration if a slow scan rate is used. This unique feature is a result of edl overlapping in the micropores and is consistent with the predictions by the Gouy–Chapman model employed in this study. Based on this behavior, a new approach is suggested for pzc measurements of solid porous materials for which a large portion of the surface area is in the micropore region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLTAMMETRY
KW  - ELECTROLYTE solutions
KW  - Carbon aerogel
KW  - Cyclic voltammetry
KW  - Electrical double layer
KW  - Electrosorption
KW  - Point of zero charge
N1  - Accession Number: 9096857; Yang, Kun-Lin 1 Yiacoumi, Sotira 1; Email Address: syiacoumi@ce.gatech.edu Tsouris, Costas 2; Email Address: tsourisc@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Eng, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 540, p159; Subject Term: VOLTAMMETRY; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTE solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon aerogel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic voltammetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical double layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrosorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Point of zero charge; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leggett, R.W.
AU  - Pellmar, T.C.
T1  - The biokinetics of uranium migrating from embedded DU fragments
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 64
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - Military uses of depleted uranium (DU) munitions have resulted in casualties with embedded DU fragments. Assessment of radiological or chemical health risks from these fragments requires a model relating urinary U to the rate of migration of U from the fragments, and its accumulation in systemic tissues. A detailed biokinetic model for U has been published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), but its applicability to U migrating from embedded DU fragments is uncertain. Recently, ) conducted a study at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) on the redistribution and toxicology of U in rats with implanted DU pellets, simulating embedded fragments. This paper compares the biokinetic data from that study with the behavior of commonly studied forms of U in rats (e.g., intravenously injected U nitrate). The comparisons indicate that the biokinetics of U migrating from embedded DU is similar to that of commonly studied forms of U with regard to long-term accumulation in kidneys, bone, and liver. The results provide limited support for the application of the ICRP’s model to persons with embedded DU fragments. Additional information is needed with regard to the short-term behavior of migrating U and its accumulation in lymph nodes, brain, testicles, and other infrequently studied U repositories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - Biokinetics
KW  - Depleted uranium
KW  - Man
KW  - Model
KW  - Rat
KW  - Wound
N1  - Accession Number: 8791353; Leggett, R.W. 1; Email Address: rwl@ornl.gov Pellmar, T.C. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA  3: Current Address: Director, Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. 20418, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 64 Issue 2/3, p205; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depleted uranium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Man; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wound; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, M.H.
AU  - Bae, D.H.
AU  - Kim, W.T.
AU  - Kim, D.H.
AU  - Rozhkova, E.
AU  - Wheelock, P.B.
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
T1  - Synthesis of Ni-based bulk amorphous alloys by warm extrusion of amorphous powders
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 315
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 00223093
AB  - A high strength Ni-based bulk amorphous alloy is synthesized by warm extrusion of gas atomized amorphous powder. The Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 amorphous powder obtained by a high pressure Ar gas atomization method has a wide super-cooled liquid region of 63 K. Warm extrusion of the amorphous powders in the super-cooled liquid state successfully yielded a fully consolidated bulk amorphous Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 alloy. The processing conditions for extrusion are obtained from the time–temperature-transformation curve for the onset of crystallization of the amorphous powder. Lower extrusion ratio of 5 is preferred for the retention of the single amorphous phase during extrusion at 848 K. The extruded bulk amorphous Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 alloy exhibits a high strength level (∼2.0 GPa) similar to that of an as-cast bulk amorphous Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 alloy (∼2.2 GPa). The mechanical behavior of the extruded alloy under the compressive condition shows no anisotropy in the longitudinal and transverse directions to the extrusion direction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - METALS -- Extrusion
N1  - Accession Number: 8571597; Lee, M.H. 1 Bae, D.H. 1 Kim, W.T. 1 Kim, D.H. 1; Email Address: dohkim@yonsei.ac.kr Rozhkova, E. 2 Wheelock, P.B. 2 Sordelet, D.J. 2,3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Center for Non-crystalline Materials, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemun-ku, Seoul 120-749, South Korea  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50014, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50014, USA  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50014, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 315 Issue 1/2, p89; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: METALS -- Extrusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boehlert, C.J.
AU  - Zocco, T.G.
AU  - Schulze, R.K.
AU  - Mitchell, J.N.
AU  - Pereyra, R.A.
T1  - Electron backscatter diffraction of a plutonium–gallium alloy
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 312
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
SN  - 00223115
AB  - An experimental technique has recently been developed to characterize reactive metals, including plutonium (Pu) and cerium, using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Microstructural characterization of Pu and its alloys by EBSD had been previously elusive primarily because of the extreme toxicity and rapid surface oxidation rate associated with Pu metal. The experimental technique, which included ion-sputtering the metal surface using a scanning Auger microprobe (SAM) followed by vacuum transfer of the sample from the SAM to the scanning electron microscope (SEM), used to obtain electron backscatter diffraction Kikuchi patterns and orientation maps for a Pu–gallium alloy is described and the initial microstructural observations based on the analysis are discussed. The phase transformation behavior between the <f>δ</f> (face-centered cubic) and <f>&epsiv;</f> (body-centered-cubic) structures is explained by combining the SEM and EBSD observations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
N1  - Accession Number: 8804203; Boehlert, C.J. 1; Email Address: boehlecj@alfred.edu Zocco, T.G. 2 Schulze, R.K. 2 Mitchell, J.N. 2 Pereyra, R.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Ceramic Engineering and Materials Science, Alfred University, 2 Pine Street, Alfred, NY 14802, USA  2: Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 312 Issue 1, p67; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
T1  - Comment on ‘Order–disorder phase transition induced by swift ions in MgAl2O4 and ZnAl2O4 spinels’ by D. Simeone et al., J. Nucl. Mater. 300 (2002) 151–160
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 312
IS  - 1
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 111
SN  - 00223115
AB  - In this letter, structure factor calculations and computer simulated powder X-ray diffraction patterns are used to challenge conclusions reached in a recent study by D. Simeone et al. regarding radiation-induced phase transformations in MgAl2O4 spinel. Based on experimental results presented by D. Simeone et al. and previously by other researchers, and based on the structure factor results presented here, spinel most likely succumbs to a phase transformation under irradiation that involves a profound change in the arrangement of cations in the lattice. The space group is modified by the transformation and the new, metastable structure is most likely a defective rocksalt structure. These conclusions are at odds with the description of the spinel metastable phase offered by Simeone et al. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 8804208; Sickafus, Kurt E. 1; Email Address: kurt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 312 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Editorial
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonke, Jeroen E.
AU  - Burnett, William C.
AU  - Hoogewerff, Jurian A.
AU  - van der Laan, Sieger R.
AU  - Vangronsveld, Jaco
AU  - Corbett, D. Reide
T1  - Reconstructing 20thcentury lead pollution andsediment focusing in a peat land pool (Kempen, Belgium), via 210Pbdating.
JO  - Journal of Paleolimnology
JF  - Journal of Paleolimnology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 107
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09212728
AB  - Pb-210 dating of two metal-polluted organic sedimentcores obtained near a former pyrometallurgical zinc smelter in Lommel, Belgiumhave been used to reconstruct atmospheric lead deposition rates during the20th century. Independent knowledge concerning historical pollutionevents and 137Cs fall-out profiles has allowed a criticalevaluation of the CRS, CIC and CF-CS models for the 210Pb ageinterpretation. Resulting ages for the three models suggest that, in this case,the CIC model gives the most accurate interpretation of historical pollutionevents and atmospheric lead fall-out. The 210Pbwater-sediment flux was estimated at 141–1158Bq·m−2·yr−1 for one site and62–106 Bq·m−2·yr−1 at theother site, during the last century. The large difference illustrates thatsediment focusing was important on a small spatial scale (10 m).The direction of focusing correlates with the predominant wind direction.Maximum atmospheric lead deposition rates were found to be 1.63 ± 0.59g·m−2·yr−1 around 1968 AD,which is 2 orders of magnitude larger than the Belgian average in 1980 AD, and5 orders larger than Holocene atmospheric lead deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Paleolimnology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sediments (Geology) -- Heavy metal content
KW  - Lead -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Pyrometallurgy
KW  - Belgium
KW  - Atmospheric pollution
KW  - Lead
KW  - Organic sediment
KW  - Sediment focusing
N1  - Accession Number: 51577577; Sonke, Jeroen E. 1; Email Address: sonke@magnet.fsu.edu; Burnett, William C. 2; Hoogewerff, Jurian A. 3; van der Laan, Sieger R. 4; Vangronsveld, Jaco 5; Corbett, D. Reide 2,6; Affiliations: 1: Geochemistry Division National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Florida State University, Tallahassee Fl-32306, USA; 2: Department of Oceanography, Florida State University, Tallahassee Fl- 32306, USA; 3: Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom; 4: Corus RD&T, Ceramics Research Centre, IJmuiden, The Netherlands; 5: Environmental Biology, Limburg University Center, B3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; 6: Department of Geology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p95; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology) -- Heavy metal content; Thesaurus Term: Lead -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Zinc; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Pyrometallurgy; Subject: Belgium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic sediment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment focusing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 4 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1022858715171
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simner, S.P.
AU  - Bonnett, J.F.
AU  - Canfield, N.L.
AU  - Meinhardt, K.D.
AU  - Shelton, J.P.
AU  - Sprenkle, V.L.
AU  - Stevenson, J.W.
T1  - Development of lanthanum ferrite SOFC cathodes
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 113
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A number of studies have been conducted concerning compositional/microstructural modifications of a Sr-doped lanthanum ferrite (LSF) cathode and protective Sm-doped ceria (SDC) layer in an anode supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Emphasis was placed on achieving enhanced low temperature (700–800 °C) performance, and long-term cell stability. Investigations involved manipulation of the lanthanum ferrite chemistry, addition of noble metal oxygen reduction catalysts, incorporation of active cathode layer compositions containing Co, Fe and higher Sr contents, and attempts to optimize the ceria barrier layer between the LSF cathode and YSZ electrolyte. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - LANTHANUM compounds
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - Lanthanum ferrite
KW  - SDC
KW  - SOFC
N1  - Accession Number: 8668105; Simner, S.P.; Email Address: steven.simner@pnl.gov Bonnett, J.F. 1 Canfield, N.L. 1 Meinhardt, K.D. 1 Shelton, J.P. 1 Sprenkle, V.L. 1 Stevenson, J.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 113 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: LANTHANUM compounds; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: SDC; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOFC; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Recknagle, K.P.
AU  - Williford, R.E.
AU  - Chick, L.A.
AU  - Rector, D.R.
AU  - Khaleel, M.A.
T1  - Three-dimensional thermo-fluid electrochemical modeling of planar SOFC stacks
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 113
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A simulation tool for modeling planar solid oxide fuel cells is demonstrated. The tool combines the versatility of a commercial computational fluid dynamics simulation code with a validated electrochemistry calculation method. Its function is to predict the flow and distribution of anode and cathode gases, temperature and current distributions, and fuel utilization. A three-dimensional model geometry, including internal manifolds, was created to simulate a generic, cross-flow stack design. Similar three-dimensional geometries were created for simulation of co-flow, and counterflow stack designs. Cyclic boundary conditions were imposed at the top and bottom of the model domains, while the lateral walls were assumed adiabatic. The three cases show that, for a given average cell temperature, similar fuel utilizations can result irrespective of the flow configuration. Temperature distributions however, which largely determine thermal stresses during operation, are dependent on the chosen design geometry/flow configuration. The co-flow case had the most uniform temperature distribution and the smallest thermal gradients, thus offers thermo-structural advantages over the other flow cases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Current and temperature distribution
KW  - Fuel utilization
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cell
KW  - Three-dimensional model
N1  - Accession Number: 8668115; Recknagle, K.P.; Email Address: kp.recknagle@pnl.gov Williford, R.E. 1 Chick, L.A. 1 Rector, D.R. 1 Khaleel, M.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 MSIN K7-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 113 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current and temperature distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel utilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-dimensional model; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thackeray, M.M.
AU  - Vaughey, J.T.
AU  - Johnson, C.S.
AU  - Kropf, A.J.
AU  - Benedek, R.
AU  - Fransson, L.M.L.
AU  - Edstrom, K.
T1  - Structural considerations of intermetallic electrodes for lithium batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 113
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Although metal alloys and intermetallic compounds have been researched extensively as possible negative electrodes for lithium batteries, only recently have efforts been made to monitor the phase transitions that occur during their reaction with lithium by in situ X-ray diffraction. These studies have lead to attempts to exploit those systems that show strong structural relationships between a parent structure and its lithiated products. In this paper, an overview of several systems is presented, particularly those that operate by lithium insertion/metal displacement reactions with a host metal array at room temperature. An analogy between these reactions and the high-temperature electrochemical reaction of sodium/nickel chloride cells, which is 100% efficient, is provided. On this basis, a prognosis for using intermetallic electrodes in lithium-ion cells is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Intermetallic electrode
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Structure
N1  - Accession Number: 8668117; Thackeray, M.M. 1; Email Address: thackeray@cmt.anl.gov Vaughey, J.T. 1 Johnson, C.S. 1 Kropf, A.J. 1 Benedek, R. 1 Fransson, L.M.L. 2 Edstrom, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Materials Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala S-751 21, Sweden; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 113 Issue 1, p124; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dabrowski, B.
AU  - Chmaissem, O.
AU  - Mais, J.
AU  - Kolesnik, S.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Short, S.
T1  - Tolerance factor rules for Sr1−x−yCaxBayMnO3 perovskites
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 170
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 154
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Synthesis of new perovskite Sr1−x−yCaxBayMnO3−δ compounds is described in detail and dependence of their phase stability and structural distortions on the tolerance factor is discussed. Oxygen contents have been measured over extended temperature and composition ranges. Neutron powder diffraction was used to precisely measure the A–O and Mn–O bond lengths and derive accurate interatomic distances [Ca–O], [Sr–O], [Ba–O], and [Mn–O]. By using these parameters instead of tabulated ionic radii we have derived the functional dependence of the tolerance factor <f>t=t(x,y,T,δ)</f> on composition, temperature, and oxygen content. At a fixed oxygen content, the tolerance factor is an increasing function of temperature as a result of greater thermal expansion of the average 〈A–O〉 bond relative to the 〈Mn–O〉 bond. We find that the stability of the perovskite phase at high temperature is governed, as expected, by the magnitude of tolerance factor (<f>t&les;1</f>) which can be adjusted by controlling the oxygen content 3−δ. This dependence of the tolerance factor on oxygen content and temperature can be utilized to design synthesis conditions for the controlled formation of the new, kinetically stable, perovskite phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - Manganites
KW  - Perovskites
KW  - Structural properties
KW  - Synthesis
KW  - Tolerance factor
N1  - Accession Number: 9101398; Dabrowski, B. 1; Email Address: dabrowski@anl.gov Chmaissem, O. 1 Mais, J. 1 Kolesnik, S. 1 Jorgensen, J.D. 2 Short, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, FW 216, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 170 Issue 1, p154; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tolerance factor; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00056-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, David
T1  - Erratum: "Analysis of the time-reversal operator for scatterers of finite size" [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 411-419 (2002)].
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 113
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 660
EP  - 660
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A correction to the article "Analysis of the time-reversal operator for scatterers of finite size" that was published in the 2002 issue is presented.
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 20649179; Chambers, David 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-154, Livermore, California; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 113 Issue 1, p660; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1121/1.1527930
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gu, Sheng
AU  - Pan, Songqin
AU  - Bradbury, E. Morton
AU  - Chen, Xian
T1  - Precise peptide sequencing and protein quantification in the human proteome through in vivo lysine-specific mass tagging
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Proteomics studies demand new scalable and automatable MS-based methods with higher specificity and accuracy. Here we describe an accurate and efficient method for both precise quantification and comprehensive de novo identification of peptide sequences in complex mixtures. The unique feature of this method is based on the incorporation of deuterium-labeled (heavy) lysines into proteins through in vivo cell culturing, which introduces specific mass tags at the carboxyl termini of proteolytic peptides when cleaved by certain proteases. The mass shift between the unlabeled and the deuterated lysine (lys-d4) assigns a mass signature to all lysine-containing peptides in any pool of proteolytic peptides. Lys-d4 tags can also serve as internal markers in MS/MS fragment spectra when they are buried in some peptide sequences due to miscleavages. This signal specificity circumvents the mass accuracy limitations in determining particular amino acid residues for de novo sequencing. Further, this strategy of lysine-specific tagging was successfully implemented to measure the differential protein expression of human skin fibroblast cells in response to heat shock. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - AMINO acid sequence
N1  - Accession Number: 8723862; Gu, Sheng 1 Pan, Songqin 1 Bradbury, E. Morton 1 Chen, Xian 1; Email Address: chen_xian@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: AMINO acid sequence; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Håkansson, Kristina
AU  - Hudgins, Robert R.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - O’Hair, Richard A.J.
T1  - Electron capture dissociation and infrared multiphoton dissociation of oligodeoxynucleotide dications
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 10440305
AB  - We report electron capture dissociation (ECD) and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) of doubly protonated and protonated/alkali metal ionized oligodeoxynucleotides. Mass spectra following ECD of the homodeoxynucleotides polydC, polydG, and polydA contain w or d “sequence” ions. For polydC and polydA, the observed fragments are even-electron ions, whereas radical w/d ions are observed for polydG. Base loss is seen for polydG and polydA but is a minor fragmentation pathway in ECD of polydC. We also observe fragment ions corresponding to w/d plus water in the spectra of polydC and d(GCATGC). Although the structure of these ions is not clear, they are suggested to proceed through a pentavalent phosphorane intermediate. The major fragment in ECD of d(GCATGC) is a d ion. Radical a- or z-type fragment ions are observed in most cases. IRMPD primarily results in base loss, but backbone fragmentation is also observed. IRMPD provides more sequence information than ECD, but the spectra are more complex due to extensive base and water losses. It is proposed that the smaller degree of sequence coverage in ECD, with fragmentation mostly occurring close to the ends of the molecules, is a consequence of a mechanism in which the electron is captured at a P&z.dbnd6;O bond, resulting in a negatively charged phosphate group. Consequently, at least two protons (or alkali metal cations) must be present to observe a w or d fragment ion, a requirement that is less likely for small fragments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON capture
KW  - MULTIPHOTON processes
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 8723865; Håkansson, Kristina 1 Hudgins, Robert R. 1 Marshall, Alan G. 1; Email Address: rohair@unimelb.edu.au O’Hair, Richard A.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, USA  2: School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: ELECTRON capture; Subject Term: MULTIPHOTON processes; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerrish, Philip J
AU  - Garcıa-Lerma, J Gerardo
T1  - Mutation rate and the efficacy of antimicrobial drug treatment
JO  - Lancet Infectious Diseases
JF  - Lancet Infectious Diseases
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
SN  - 14733099
AB  - Despite rapid progress in drug development, microbial infections in general are becoming increasingly difficult to treat as a result of the emergence of drug-resistant strains. In some cases, such as HIV-1, the early goal of eradicating infections with antimicrobial drugs is, for now, being replaced with the more pragmatic goal of controlling infections over long periods of time through a succession of transiently effective treatments. Because treatment efficacy is often incomplete, studying the degree of treatment efficacy has great relevance to clinical disease management. We derived a model describing the association between the mutation rate of the pathogen and the degree of treatment efficacy. We found that drug treatment is most effective when the mutation rate of the pathogen is either very low or, perhaps counterintuitively, very high. We discuss this finding in the light of a promising new treatment strategy for RNA viruses that combines antiviral compounds with a mutagen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Lancet Infectious Diseases is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIAL mutation
KW  - DRUGS -- Effectiveness
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - AIDS (Disease) -- Treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 8722102; Gerrish, Philip J 1; Email Address: pgerrish@yahoo.com Garcıa-Lerma, J Gerardo 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Distrito Federal, México and the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  2: JGG-L is at the HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p28; Subject Term: MICROBIAL mutation; Subject Term: DRUGS -- Effectiveness; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: AIDS (Disease) -- Treatment; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00485-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyman, James M.
AU  - Li, Jia
AU  - Stanley, E. Ann
T1  - Modeling the impact of random screening and contact tracing in reducing the spread of HIV
JO  - Mathematical Biosciences
JF  - Mathematical Biosciences
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 181
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
SN  - 00255564
AB  - Mathematical models can help predict the effectiveness of control measures on the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) by reducing the uncertainty in assessing the impact of intervention strategies such as random screening and contact tracing. Even though contact tracing is one of the most effective methods used for controlling treatable STDs, it is still a controversial strategy for controlling HIV because of cost and confidentiality issues. To help estimate the effectiveness of these control measures, we formulate two models with random screening and contact tracing based on the differential infectivity (DI) model and the staged-progression (SP) model. We derive formulas for the reproductive numbers and the endemic equilibria and compare the impact that random screening and contact tracing have in slowing the epidemic in the two models. In the DI model the infected population is divided into groups according to their infectiousness, and HIV is largely spread by a small, highly infectious, group of superspreaders. In this model contact tracing is an effective approach to identifying the superspreaders and has a large effect in slowing the epidemic. In the SP model every infected individual goes through a series of infection stages and the virus is primarily spread by individuals in an initial highly infectious stage or in the late stages of the disease. In this model random screening is more effective than for the DI model, and contact tracing is less effective. Thus the effectiveness of the intervention strategy strongly depends on the underlying etiology of the disease transmission. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Biosciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - SEXUALLY transmitted diseases
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - AIDS
KW  - Contact tracing
KW  - Endemic equilibrium
KW  - Epidemic modeling
KW  - Mathematical modeling
KW  - Reproductive number
KW  - Screening
KW  - Sensitivity
N1  - Accession Number: 7920615; Hyman, James M. 1 Li, Jia 2; Email Address: lij@email.uah.edu Stanley, E. Ann 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS-B284, Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Madison Hall, Room 210, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 181 Issue 1, p17; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: SEXUALLY transmitted diseases; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: AIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact tracing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Endemic equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epidemic modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reproductive number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Screening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity; Number of Pages: 38p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Treves, D. S.
AU  - Xia, B.
AU  - Zhou, J.
AU  - Tiedje, J. M.
T1  - A Two-Species Test of the Hypothesis That Spatial Isolation Influences Microbial Diversity in Soil.
JO  - Microbial Ecology
JF  - Microbial Ecology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 28
SN  - 00953628
AB  - The hypothesis that spatial isolation is a key determinant of microbial community structure in soils was evaluated by examining the competitive dynamics of two species growing on a single resource in a uniform sand matrix under varied moisture content. One species dominated the community under highly connected, saturated treatments, suggesting that these conditions allow competitive interactions to structure the community. As moisture content decreased, however, the less competitive species became established in the community. This effect was most pronounced at a matric water potential of ?0.14 MPa where estimates of final population density and species fitness were equal. A second but more closely related species pair exhibited a similar response to decreasing moisture, suggesting that the effects of spatial isolation we observed are not simply a species-pair-specific phenomenon. These findings indicate that spatial isolation, created by low moisture content, plays an important role in structuring soil microbial communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbial Ecology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYPOTHESIS
KW  - MICROBIAL diversity
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - SOILS
KW  - SPECIES
N1  - Accession Number: 16936442; Treves, D. S. 1; Email Address: dtreves@ius.edu Xia, B. 2 Zhou, J. 3 Tiedje, J. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 488224, USA  2: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p20; Subject Term: HYPOTHESIS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL diversity; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: SPECIES; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00248-002-1044-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shroll, Robert M.
AU  - Straatsma, T.P.
T1  - Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Goethite--Water Interface.
JO  - Molecular Simulation
JF  - Molecular Simulation
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 08927022
AB  - Classical molecular models of the goethite mineral are presented for both a periodically replicated bulk slab and for a finite fragment. Potential energy functions for the mineral models were developed within the AMBER force field [Cornell, W.D., Cieplak, P., Bayly, C.I., Gould, I.R., Merz, K.M., Ferguson, D.M., Spellmeyer, D.C., Fox, T., Caldwell, J.W. and Kollman, P.A. "A second generation force field for the simulation of proteins, nucleic acids and organic molecules," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117 (1995) 5179-5197], which facilitates biogeochemical applications. Intramolecular potential parameters were chosen to yield a mineral structure with flexible surface hydroxyl groups. The electrostatic potential for a goethite slab was determined from a periodic Unrestricted Hartree-Fock calculation and used to assign point charges to the mineral atoms. The models were solvated in water and their effect on solution structure is shown to be very similar, predicting oscillations in solvent density near the mineral surface and structured orientation of water molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Simulation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - GOETHITE
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles
KW  - HARTREE-Fock approximation
KW  - Goethite-water interface
KW  - Hartree-Fock calculation
KW  - Molecular dynamics simulation
KW  - Water molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 11066319; Shroll, Robert M. 1 Straatsma, T.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Computational Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biology Group, Theory, Modeling and Simulation Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,  Richland, WA 99352, USA.; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: GOETHITE; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles; Subject Term: HARTREE-Fock approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Goethite-water interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hartree-Fock calculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water molecules; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 1O.1O8O/0892702031000065683
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peltza, Csaba
AU  - Baranyai, András
AU  - Chialvo, Ariel A.
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
T1  - Microstructure of Water at the Level of Three-particle Correlation Functions as Predicted by Classical Intermolecular Models.
JO  - Molecular Simulation
JF  - Molecular Simulation
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 08927022
AB  - We compared the microscopic structure of liquid water at ambient conditions predicted by six classical intermolecular potential models. Applying their accepted acronyms were the SPC (Simple Point Charge), SPC/E (SPC extended), MSPC/E (SPC/E modified), TIP4P (Transferable Intermolecular Potential, four point charges), TIP5P (TIP, five point charges), and the PPC (Polarizable Point Charge) intermolecular potential models. Configurations of computer simulations were used to study the structure at the level of partial three-particle correlation functions. We created contour maps for visual evaluation, calculated overlap integrals of the three-particle correlation functions of the models to quantify their similarity, and determined their distance-dependent three-particle entropy contribution. The SPC/E and the TIP4P water models generate quite similar structures, while the SPC and the MSPC/E pair exhibit the largest discrepancies. The structure of the PPC is the most ordered and the SPC structure is the most disordered among the studied interaction models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Simulation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CONTOURS (Cartography)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Classical intermolecular models
KW  - SPC
KW  - Three-particle correlation
KW  - TIP4P
N1  - Accession Number: 11066321; Peltza, Csaba 1 Baranyai, András 1 Chialvo, Ariel A. 2,3 Cummings, Peter T. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Theoretical Chemistry,  Eötvös University, 1518 Budapest 112, P0 Box 32, Hungary.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  37831-611O, USA.  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of  Tennessee, 419 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN  37996-22OO, USA.; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CONTOURS (Cartography); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Classical intermolecular models; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-particle correlation; Author-Supplied Keyword: TIP4P; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/0892702031000065692
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henshaw, William D.
AU  - Kreiss, Heinz-otto
AU  - Yström, Jacob
T1  - NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE LARGE-AND SMALL-SCALE MOTIONS OF THE NAVIER--STOKES EQUATIONS.
JO  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
JF  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 149
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15403459
AB  - We consider solutions to the unforced incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a 2π-periodic box. We split the solution into two parts representing the large-scale and small-scale motions. We define the large scale as the sum of the first k[subc] Fourier modes in each direction and the small scale as the sum of the remaining modes. We attempt to reconstruct the small scale by incorporating the large-scale solution as known forcing into the equations governing the evolution of the small scale. We want to find the smallest value of k[subc] for which the time evolution of the large scale sets up the dissipative structures so that the small scale is determined to a significant degree. Existing theory based on energy estimates gives a pessimistic estimate for k[subc] that is inversely proportional to the smallest length scale of the flow. At this value of k[subc] the energy in the small scale is exponentially small. In contrast, numerical calculations indicate that k[subc] can often be chosen remarkably small. We attempt to explain why the time evolution of a relatively few number of large-scale modes can be used to reconstruct the small-scale modes in many situations. We also show that similar behavior is found in solutions to Burgers'  equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Multiscale Modeling & Simulation is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - TIME
KW  - SMALL scale system
KW  - THEORY
KW  - Burgers' equation
KW  - large and small scales
KW  - Navier-Stokes equations
KW  - stability
KW  - turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 11125430; Henshaw, William D. 1; Email Address: henshaw1@llnl.gov Kreiss, Heinz-otto 2,3; Email Address: kreiss@math.ucla.edu Yström, Jacob 3; Email Address: yxan@nada.kth.se; Affiliation:  1: Centre for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551  2: Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024  3: Department of Numerical Analysis and Computing Science, Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 1 Issue 1, p119; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: TIME; Subject Term: SMALL scale system; Subject Term: THEORY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burgers' equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: large and small scales; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navier-Stokes equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: turbulence; Number of Pages: 31p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
AU  - Logan, Jean
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
T1  - Monoamine Oxidase and Cigarette Smoking
JO  - NeuroToxicology
JF  - NeuroToxicology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 0161813X
AB  - Current cigarette smokers have reduced monoamine oxidase (MAO) and there is evidence that this is a pharmacological effect of tobacco smoke exposure rather than a biological characteristic of smokers.  This article summarizes human and animal studies documenting the inhibitory effects of tobacco smoke on MAO and discusses MAO inhibition in the context of smoking epidemiology, MAO inhibitor compounds in tobacco, reinvestigations of low platelet MAO in psychiatric disorders and smoking cessation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroToxicology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SMOKING
KW  - MONOAMINE oxidase
KW  - Cigarette smoking
KW  - Monoamine oxidase
KW  - Positron emission tomography
KW  - Smoking cessation
KW  - Smoking epidemiology
KW  - Tobacco
N1  - Accession Number: 8666752; Fowler, Joanna S. 1; Email Address: fowler@bnl.gov Logan, Jean 1 Wang, Gene-Jack 1 Volkow, Nora D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p75; Subject Term: SMOKING; Subject Term: MONOAMINE oxidase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cigarette smoking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monoamine oxidase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron emission tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Smoking cessation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Smoking epidemiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tobacco; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efstathiadis, Efstratios
AU  - Lee, Y.Y.
AU  - Mi, Jian-lin
AU  - Pai, Chien
AU  - Paley, Jonathan M.
AU  - Roberts, B. Lee
AU  - Sanders, Ralph T.
AU  - Semertzidis, Yannis K.
AU  - Warburton, David S.
T1  - A fast non-ferric kicker for the muon <f>(g−2)</f> experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 496
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A fast, non-ferric kicker has been designed, built and installed in the muon <f>(g−2)</f> experiment at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. A current pulse of <f>4200 A</f> peak, and base-width of <f>400 ns</f>, is passed in opposite directions through parallel plates <f>10 cm</f> apart on either side of the muon storage region in the <f>(g−2)</f> storage ring. A field integral of <f>0.1 Tm</f> was achieved, which kicks the <f>3.09 GeV/c</f> muon beam by about <f>10 mrad</f>. This kick is achieved by employing three identical <f>1.76 m</f> long sections, each powered by a separate pulse-forming network. The design and performance of the kicker is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Fast non-ferric kicker
KW  - Muon <f>g−2</f>
N1  - Accession Number: 8804254; Efstathiadis, Efstratios 1 Lee, Y.Y. 2 Mi, Jian-lin 2 Pai, Chien 2 Paley, Jonathan M. 1 Roberts, B. Lee 1; Email Address: roberts@bu.edu Sanders, Ralph T. 2 Semertzidis, Yannis K. 2 Warburton, David S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 496 Issue 1, p8; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast non-ferric kicker; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon <f>g−2</f>; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiang, Ji
AU  - Garnett, Robert W.
T1  - Smooth approximation with acceleration in an alternating phase focusing superconducting linac
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 496
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In this paper, we present a smooth approximation method to calculate the effective potential in a longitudinal RF accelerating and focusing system. Comparing with the smooth approximation without acceleration, this method gives a more accurate calculation of the zero-current phase advance and effective potential when the energy gain through a period is not negligible. Using such a smooth approximation, we have studied an alternating phase focusing structure in a proposed accelerator-driven test facility superconducting linac. A self-consistent macroparticle simulation for one asymmetrical alternating phase focusing structure shows that beyond a beam current of <f>50 mA</f>, there will be significant particle losses. This will put a limit on the future machine operation based on the alternating phase focusing concept. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON accelerators
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Alternating phase focusing
KW  - Smooth approximation
N1  - Accession Number: 8804256; Qiang, Ji 1; Email Address: jqiang@lbl.gov Garnett, Robert W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator and Fusion Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 71J, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Ms H817, LANSCE-1, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 496 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: ELECTRON accelerators; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alternating phase focusing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Smooth approximation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doleans, Marc
AU  - Kim, Sang-ho
T1  - Analytical and semi-analytical formalism for the voltage and the current sources of a superconducting cavity under dynamic detuning
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 496
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Elliptical superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities are sensitive to frequency detuning because they have a high <f>Q</f> value in comparison with normal conducting cavities and weak mechanical properties. Radiation pressure on the cavity walls, microphonics, and tuning system are possible sources of dynamic detuning during SRF cavity-pulsed operation. A general analytic relation between the cavity voltage, the dynamic detuning function, and the RF control function is developed. This expression for the voltage envelope in a cavity under dynamic detuning and dynamic RF controls is analytically expressed through an integral formulation. A semi-analytical scheme is derived to calculate the voltage behavior in any practical case. Examples of voltage envelope behavior for different cases of dynamic detuning and RF control functions are shown. The RF control function for a cavity under dynamic detuning is also investigated and as an application various filling schemes are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Dynamic detuning
KW  - Lorentz detuning
KW  - RF control
KW  - Superconducting cavity
N1  - Accession Number: 8804258; Doleans, Marc; Email Address: doleansm@ornl.gov Kim, Sang-ho 1; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 701 Scarboro Road MS 6473, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 496 Issue 1, p51; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic detuning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lorentz detuning; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting cavity; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hull, Ethan L.
AU  - Pehl, Richard H.
AU  - Tindall, Craig
AU  - Luke, Paul N.
AU  - Kurfess, James D.
T1  - Radiation damage and charge collection effects in Si(Li) gamma-ray detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 496
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The spectroscopy performance of 6-mm thick Si(Li) planar detectors was studied as a function of operating temperature and electric field. The energy resolution of the 662-keV gamma-ray peak from a 137Cs source was used to monitor the spectroscopy performance of the detectors. The efficiency, depletion voltage, leakage current, and noise were also monitored. The effects of radiation damage caused by 200-MeV protons were studied to determine the viability of operation in space. Four detectors, two maintained at 88 K and two maintained at 212 K, were irradiated to a fluence of 8.7×108 p/cm2. No effects were observed. The two detectors irradiated at 212 K were subsequently irradiated with an additional 8.7×109 p/cm2, again at 212 K. These detectors then exhibited slight energy resolution degradation. No other radiation damage effects were observed. The resolution degradation increased at higher operating temperature and decreased with higher electric field. Cycling the detectors to room temperature for 14 h eliminated the resolution degradation. The resolution of these detectors is limited by the combination of ballistic deficit and parallel noise in the ∼220 K range. A significant decrease in the gamma-ray peak count rate, almost certainly caused by surface channel effects, was the most dramatic temperature-dependent effect observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - Gamma ray
KW  - Radiation damage
KW  - Si(Li) detector
N1  - Accession Number: 8804269; Hull, Ethan L. 1; Email Address: hull6@llnl.gov Pehl, Richard H. 1 Tindall, Craig 1 Luke, Paul N. 1 Kurfess, James D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 62-313, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 496 Issue 1, p123; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si(Li) detector; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Studenov, Andrei R.
AU  - Szalda, Dava E.
AU  - Ding, Yu-Shin
T1  - Synthesis of no-carrier-added C-11 labeled D- and L-enantiomers of phenylalanine and tyrosine for comparative PET Studies
JO  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
JF  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 09698051
AB  - The natural amino acids tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe) were labeled with carbon-11 via a modified Bucherer-Strecker synthesis. A rapid reaction of the sodium bisulfite adduct of the aldehyde precursor with ammonia provided the precursor for radiosynthesis. [11C]Cyanide displacement followed by base hydrolysis afforded the corresponding 11C-labeled amino acids. The purification and chiral separation were simply achieved by using a combination of solid-phase extraction and chiral HPLC to afford individual enantiomers of each amino acid. The decay corrected radiochemical yields for each of the enantiomers were 12–16% with respect to the [11C]cyanide after 40–45 min of radiosynthesis. Radiochemical purity of the products was >97% (typically >99%), enantiomeric excess was >98% with the specific radioactivity 2–3 Ci/μmol at the end of bombardment. Because of its simplicity and wide applicability, the described procedure could be the method of choice to produce [11C]amino acids for PET studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Medicine & Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - PHENYLALANINE
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis
KW  - Bucherer-Strecker synthesis
KW  - C-11
KW  - Chiral separation
KW  - Phenylalanine
KW  - Positron Emission Tomography
KW  - Tyrosine
N1  - Accession Number: 8669207; Studenov, Andrei R. 1 Szalda, Dava E. 1 Ding, Yu-Shin 1; Email Address: Ding@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p39; Subject Term: TYROSINE; Subject Term: PHENYLALANINE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bucherer-Strecker synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: C-11; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chiral separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenylalanine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron Emission Tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tyrosine; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chawla, Nitesh V.
AU  - Moore, Thomas E.
AU  - Hall, Lawrence O.
AU  - Bowyer, Kevin W.
AU  - Kegelmeyer, W. Philip
AU  - Springer, Clayton
T1  - Distributed learning with bagging-like performance
JO  - Pattern Recognition Letters
JF  - Pattern Recognition Letters
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
SN  - 01678655
AB  - Bagging forms a committee of classifiers by bootstrap aggregation of training sets from a pool of training data. A simple alternative to bagging is to partition the data into disjoint subsets. Experiments with decision tree and neural network classifiers on various datasets show that, given the same size partitions and bags, disjoint partitions result in performance equivalent to, or better than, bootstrap aggregates (bags). Many applications (e.g., protein structure prediction) involve use of datasets that are too large to handle in the memory of the typical computer. Hence, bagging with samples the size of the data is impractical. Our results indicate that, in such applications, the simple approach of creating a committee of n classifiers from disjoint partitions each of size <f>1/n</f> (which will be memory resident during learning) in a distributed way results in a classifier which has a bagging-like performance gain. The use of distributed disjoint partitions in learning is significantly less complex and faster than bagging. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Pattern Recognition Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SET theory
KW  - DISCRIMINANT analysis
KW  - Bagging
KW  - Distributed learning
KW  - Ensembles
KW  - Large data sets
KW  - Multiple classifiers
N1  - Accession Number: 7919604; Chawla, Nitesh V. 1; Email Address: chawla@csee.usf.edu Moore, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: tmoore4@csee.usf.edu Hall, Lawrence O. 1; Email Address: hall@csee.usf.edu Bowyer, Kevin W. 2; Email Address: kwb@cse.nd.edu Kegelmeyer, W. Philip 3; Email Address: wpk@ca.sandia.gov Springer, Clayton 3; Email Address: csprin@ca.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 East Flower Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA  2: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Biosystems Research Department, P.O. Box 969, MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1-3, p455; Subject Term: SET theory; Subject Term: DISCRIMINANT analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bagging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed learning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ensembles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large data sets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple classifiers; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lorenz, B.
AU  - Meng, R.L.
AU  - Xue, Y.Y.
AU  - Chu, C.W.
T1  - Pressure effect on the superconducting and magnetic transitions of the superconducting ferromagnet RuSr2GdCu2O8
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 383
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The superconducting ferromagnet RuSr2GdCu2O8 was investigated at high pressure. The intra-grain superconducting transition temperature, <f>Tc</f>, is resolved in ac-susceptibility as well as resistivity measurements. It is shown that the pressure shift of <f>Tc</f> is much smaller than that of other high-<f>Tc</f> compounds in a similar doping state. In contrast, the ferromagnetic transition temperature, <f>Tm</f>, increases with pressure at a relative rate that is about twice as large as that of <f>Tc</f>. The high-pressure data indicate a possible competition of the ferromagnetic and superconducting states in RuSr2GdCu2O8. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - Intra-grain superconductivity
KW  - Pressure effect
KW  - RuSr2GdCu2O8
N1  - Accession Number: 8668584; Lorenz, B. 1; Email Address: blorenz@uh.edu Meng, R.L. 1 Xue, Y.Y. 1 Chu, C.W. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5002, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 383 Issue 4, p337; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intra-grain superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: RuSr2GdCu2O8; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giesbrecht, Garth R.
AU  - Gordon, John C.
AU  - Clark, David L.
AU  - Hijar, Cybele A.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Watkin, John G.
T1  - Neutral and anionic transition metal complexes supported by decafluorodiphenylamido ligands: X-ray crystal structures of {Na(THF)2}{Ti[N(C6F5)2]4}, {K(η6-C6H5Me)2}{ZrCl2[N(C6F5)2]3}, K{VCl[N(C6F5)2]3}, Fe[N(C6F5)2]2(THF)2 and Co[N(C6F5)2]2(py)2
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 02775387
AB  - Reaction of MN(C6F5)2 (M=Na, K) with transition metal halides results in the formation of transition metal complexes incorporating decafluorodiphenylamido ligands. TiCl3(THF)3 reacts with 3 equiv. NaN(C6F5)2 to yield the ‘metallate’ complex {Na(THF)2}{Ti[N(C6F5)2]4} (1). Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal a tetrahedral titanium center complexed by four decafluorodiphenylamido ligands; while two THF ligands and four fluorine atoms coordinate the sodium cation. ZrCl4 reacts with 3 equiv. KN(C6F5)2 to give {K(η6-C7H8)2}{ZrCl2[N(C6F5)2]3} (2). The 19F NMR spectrum of 2 reveals phenyl resonances in a 2:1 ratio, consistent with a trigonal bipyramidal structure being maintained in solution. The crystal structure of 2 reveals a pseudo-octahedral structure, with the sixth-coordination site being completed by a weak Zr&z.sbnd;F interaction with a pentafluorophenyl group of an amido ligand. The potassium counterion interacts in an η6 fashion with two toluene rings in addition to a fluorine atom arising from one of the pentafluorophenyl groups. The reaction of VCl3 with 3 equiv. KN(C6F5)2 generates the ‘metallate’ complex K{VCl[N(C6F5)2]3} (3); the solid state structure of 3 reveals a distorted trigonal bipyramid with the coordination sphere being completed by a weak V–F interaction with the ortho-fluorine of one of the fluorophenyl amido ligands. Exposure of FeCl3 to 3 equiv. KN(C6F5)2 results in reduction of the metal center and the formation of the Fe(II) species Fe[N(C6F5)2]2(THF)2 (4). Compound 4 is tetrahedral in the solid state with none of the weak M&z.sbnd;F contacts observed for 1, 2, 3 and 5. CoI2 reacts with 2 equiv. NaN(C6F5)2 in the presence of pyridine to produce the expected product Co[N(C6F5)2]2(py)2 (5); X-ray crystallography reveals a five-coordinate species in the solid state which is additionally stabilized by a weak Co&z.sbnd;F interaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - Cobalt
KW  - Decafluorodiphenylamido
KW  - Iron
KW  - Titanium
KW  - Vanadium
KW  - Zirconium
N1  - Accession Number: 8900796; Giesbrecht, Garth R. 1 Gordon, John C. 2 Clark, David L. 1; Email Address: dlclark@lanl.gov Hijar, Cybele A. 2 Scott, Brian L. 2 Watkin, John G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Materials Technology (NMT) Division and Glenn T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Chemistry (C) Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p153; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decafluorodiphenylamido; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zirconium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Picard, Y.N.
AU  - Adams, D.P.
AU  - Vasile, M.J.
AU  - Ritchey, M.B.
T1  - Focused ion beam-shaped microtools for ultra-precision machining of cylindrical components
JO  - Precision Engineering
JF  - Precision Engineering
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 01416359
AB  - Focused ion beam (FIB) sputtering is used to shape a variety of cutting tools with dimensions in the 15–100 μm range and cutting edge radii of curvature of 40 nm. The shape of each microtool is controlled to a pre-specified geometry that includes rake and relief features. We demonstrate tools having rectangular, triangular, and other complex-shaped face designs. A double-triangle tip on one tool is unique and demonstrates the versatility of the fabrication process. The FIB technique allows observation of the tool during fabrication, and, thus, reproducible features are generated with sub-micron precision. Tools are made from tungsten carbide, high-speed tool steel, and single crystal diamond. Application of FIB-shaped tools in ultra-precision microgrooving tests shows that the cross-section of a machined groove is an excellent replication of the microtool face. Microgrooves on 40–150 μm pitch are cut into 3 mm diameter polymer rods, for groove arc lengths greater than 12 cm. The surface finish of machined features is also reported; groove roughness (Ra) is typically less than 0.2 μm. Ultra-precision machining of cylindrical substrates is extended to make bound metal microcoils having feature sizes of 20–40 μm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Precision Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - INDUSTRIAL diamonds
KW  - Diamond tool
KW  - Focused ion beam
KW  - Microcoil
KW  - Microtool
KW  - Ultra-precision machining
N1  - Accession Number: 8668940; Picard, Y.N. Adams, D.P.; Email Address: dpadams@sandia.gov Vasile, M.J. 1 Ritchey, M.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0959, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL diamonds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond tool; Author-Supplied Keyword: Focused ion beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcoil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microtool; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultra-precision machining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyczkowski, Robert W.
AU  - Bouillard, Jacques X.
T1  - Corrigendum to “State-of-the-art review of erosion modeling in fluid/solids systems” [Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 28 (2002) 543–602]&star;
JO  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
JF  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 85
SN  - 03601285
N1  - Accession Number: 9426139; Lyczkowski, Robert W. 1; Email Address: rlyczkowski@anl.gov; Bouillard, Jacques X. 2; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Divisions, Room C348D, Building 362, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; 2: INERIS, Parc Technologique ALATA, BP2, 60550 Verneuil en Halate, France; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p85; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-1285(02)00045-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haghighat, Alireza
AU  - Wagner, John C.
T1  - Monte Carlo variance reduction with deterministic importance functions
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 01491970
AB  - Recent trends in Monte Carlo code development have reflected a recognition of the benefits of using deterministic importance functions for Monte Carlo variance reduction. This paper offers a review of the use of deterministic importance functions for variance reduction of Monte Carlo simulations. Adjoint methodology and the concept of “importance” are presented, along with an explanation of their use for variance reduction. Relevant works from a number of different researchers are briefly reviewed. The authors'' CADIS methodology for calculating consistent source biasing and weight window parameters based on deterministic importance functions is presented. Efforts to automate the generation and use of deterministic importance functions are briefly described, including an overview of the A3MCNP code. Finally, aspects of interest, including computational benefits, associated with using deterministic importance functions for Monte Carlo simulation of real-world problems are demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Nuclear Energy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Analysis of variance
KW  - adjoint transport
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - radiation transport
KW  - variance reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 9154612; Haghighat, Alireza 1; Wagner, John C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University, 229 Reber Building, University Park, PA 16802 USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6370 USA; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Analysis of variance; Author-Supplied Keyword: adjoint transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: variance reduction; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sood, Avneet
AU  - Forster, R. Arthur
AU  - Kent Parsons, D.
T1  - Analytical benchmark test set for criticality code verification
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 01491970
AB  - A number of published numerical solutions to analytic eigenvalue (keff) and eigenfunction equations are summarized for the purpose of creating a criticality verification benchmark test set. The 75-problem test set allows the user to verify the correctness of a criticality code for infinite medium and simple geometries in one-, two-, three-, and six-energy groups, with one-, two-, and four-media. The problems include both isotropic and linearly and quadratically anisotropic neutron scattering. The problem specifications will produce both <F>keff = 1</F> and the quoted <F>k∞</F> to at least five decimal places. MCNP (Briesmeister, 1997) and DANTSYS (Alcouff, R.E, et al., 1995) have been verified using these problems. Additional uses of the test set for code verification are also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Nuclear Energy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Eigenvalues
KW  - Geometry
KW  - analytic
KW  - benchmark
KW  - code verification
KW  - criticality
N1  - Accession Number: 9154614; Sood, Avneet 1; Forster, R. Arthur 1; Kent Parsons, D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Applied Physics (X) Division, X-5 Diagnostics Applications Group, P.O. Box 1663, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA; Issue Info: Jan2003, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p55; Thesaurus Term: Anisotropy; Subject Term: Eigenvalues; Subject Term: Geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: analytic; Author-Supplied Keyword: benchmark; Author-Supplied Keyword: code verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: criticality; Number of Pages: 52p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carena, M.
AU  - Haber, H.E.
T1  - Higgs Boson theory and phenomenology
JO  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
JF  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 50
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 01466410
AB  - Precision electroweak data presently favors a weakly-coupled Higgs sector as the mechanism responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking. Low-energy supersymmetry provides a natural framework for weakly-coupled elementary scalars. In this review, we summarize the theoretical properties of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson and the Higgs sector of the minimal super-symmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM). We then survey the phenomenology of the SM and MSSM Higgs bosons at the Tevatron, LHC and a future <F>e+e−</F> linear collider. We focus on the Higgs discovery potential of present and future colliders and stress the importance of precision measurements of Higgs boson properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHENOMENOLOGY
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10688575; Carena, M. 1 Haber, H.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: PHENOMENOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 90p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Tianbo
AU  - Burger, Christian
AU  - Chu, Benjamin
T1  - Nanofabrication in polymer matrices
JO  - Progress in Polymer Science
JF  - Progress in Polymer Science
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 00796700
AB  - Polymeric systems have played important roles as templates for nanofabrication since they can offer nanotemplates with different morphologies and tunable sizes, can be easily removed after reactions, and can be further modified with different functional groups to enhance the interactions. This review covers recent advances in polymer-assisted fabrication of nanomaterials with emphasis on ordered polymeric nanostructures. Examples could include self-assembled amphiphilic block co-polymers/surfactants, cross-linkable polymers, dendrimers, microemulsions, latex particles, biomacromolecules, electric- or shear-induced structures as templates to fabricate inorganic, organic/inorganic composites and polymeric materials with nanoscale modifications. The phase behavior of block co-polymers in water and the use of templates to form ordered nanostructures are reviewed in detail. Modern physical techniques for nanoscale characterization are briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Polymer Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - CHEMICAL templates
KW  - DENDRIMERS
KW  - Block co-polymers
KW  - Nanofabrication
KW  - Nanostructures
KW  - Polymer solutions
KW  - Self-assembly
KW  - Templating
N1  - Accession Number: 8806488; Liu, Tianbo 1; Email Address: liu@bnl.gov Burger, Christian 2; Email Address: cburger@sunysb.edu Chu, Benjamin 2; Email Address: bchu@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794-3400, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p5; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL templates; Subject Term: DENDRIMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Block co-polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanofabrication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Templating; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryan, Robert O.
AU  - Forte, Trudy M.
AU  - Oda, Michael N.
T1  - Optimized bacterial expression of human apolipoprotein A-I
JO  - Protein Expression & Purification
JF  - Protein Expression & Purification
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
SN  - 10465928
AB  - Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) serves critical functions in plasma lipoprotein metabolism as a structural component of high density lipoprotein, activator of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, and acceptor of cellular cholesterol as part of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway. In an effort to facilitate structure:function studies of human apoA-I, we have optimized a plasmid vector for production of recombinant wild type (WT) and mutant apoA-I in bacteria. To facilitate mutagenesis studies, subcloning, and DNA manipulation, numerous silent mutations have been introduced into the apoA-I cDNA, generating 13 unique restriction endonuclease sites. The coding sequence for human apoA-I has been modified by the introduction of additional silent mutations that eliminate 18 separate codons that employ tRNAs that are of low or moderate abundance in Escherichia coli. Yields of recombinant apoA-I achieved using the optimized cDNA were <f>100±20</f> mg/L bacterial culture, more than fivefold greater than yields routinely obtained with the original cDNA. Site-directed mutagenesis of the apoA-I cDNA was performed to generate a Glu2Asp mutation in the N-terminal sequence of apoA-I. This modification, which creates an acid labile Asp–Pro peptide bond between amino acids 2 and 3, permits specific chemical cleavage of an N-terminal His-Tag fusion peptide used for rapid protein purification. The product protein’s primary structure is identical to WT apoA-I in all other respects. Together, these changes in apoA-I cDNA and bacterial expression protocol significantly improve the yield of apoA-I protein without compromising the relative ease of purification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Protein Expression & Purification is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - BLOOD lipoproteins
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 8763486; Ryan, Robert O. 1 Forte, Trudy M. 2 Oda, Michael N. 1; Email Address: moda@chori.org; Affiliation:  1: Lipid Biology in Health and Disease Research Group, Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA  2: Department of Molecular Medicine, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p98; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: BLOOD lipoproteins; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Espinosa, G.
AU  - Golzarri, J.I.
AU  - Gammage, R.B.
T1  - Comparative measurements between NTD and GEL detectors for radon gas
JO  - Radiation Measurements
JF  - Radiation Measurements
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
SN  - 13504487
AB  - Because of the interest in an inexpensive radon monitoring technique and the use of new materials and new methods, this work presents comparative measurements between traditional passive radon detector using nuclear track detector (NTD), and a new method based on the diffusion of radon gas in gels, measuring the quantity of the remainder radioactive solids by the analysis of the gamma radiation from the decay of radon daughters. The methodology of the new detectors is introduced. The preliminary results show a measurable response of the gel material detectors to radon gas. The measurements are compared with those using NTDs CR-39 type for calibration purposes. Both the detection systems, the passive close-end cup system with NTDs and the passive close-end cup gel material detector, were exposed at the same time in the radon calibration chamber to different radon exposition levels from 150 to <f>3000 Bq/m−3</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Measurements is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR track detectors
KW  - RADON
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - Gel detectors
KW  - Nuclear tracks
KW  - Radon
N1  - Accession Number: 10720836; Espinosa, G. 1; Email Address: espinosa@fisica.unam.mx Golzarri, J.I. 1 Gammage, R.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Física, UNAM. Apdo. Postal 20-364, México, D.F 01000, Mexico  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 36 Issue 1-6, p179; Subject Term: NUCLEAR track detectors; Subject Term: RADON; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gel detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear tracks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radon; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1350-4487(03)00119-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fantuzzi, E.
AU  - Boschung, M.
AU  - Fiechtner, A.
AU  - Hoffmann, J.
AU  - McKeever, R.
AU  - Stokes, R.
T1  - Inter-comparison among fast neutron dosimetric services using PADC material of different composition
JO  - Radiation Measurements
JF  - Radiation Measurements
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
SN  - 13504487
AB  - A trial inter-comparison has been performed among four fast neutron dosimetric services: PSI(CH), ENEA (I), DRPS (UK), LANL (US). The PADC used for the tests has been produced by Intercast Europe S.p.A. Three sets of detectors have been employed: two of PADC standard material from two different batches, and one of PADC with the addition of 0.1% dioctylphthalate. Each set consisted of 50 detectors.For each set of detectors, 20 have been irradiated free-in-air at <f>1 mSv</f> of <f>H&ast;(10)</f> with an <f>241</f>Am–Be source at ENEA-IRP, whilst the other detectors have been used as background samples. For each batch the value of the average background signal, <f>B</f>, the average neutron sensitivity, <f>S</f>, and minimum detectable dose equivalent, MDDE, have been determined. Two identical tests have been completed and separated with a time of 4 months in order to evaluate the ageing effect on the material stored in different conditions. Each dosimetric service processed the detectors according to local routine procedures. Three laboratories used an Autoscan60 reader, whilst one laboratory has an in-house reading system. Therefore, the results of the tests allowed a comparison of either the performance PADC materials, of different batches and of different compositions, or to evaluate how different etching, reading and storage conditions affect the results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Measurements is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FAST neutrons
KW  - DOSAGE of drugs
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Inter-comparison
KW  - Neutron dosimetry
KW  - PADC
KW  - Personal dosimetric service
N1  - Accession Number: 10720904; Fantuzzi, E. 1; Email Address: fantuzzi@bologna.enea.it Boschung, M. 2 Fiechtner, A. 2 Hoffmann, J. 3 McKeever, R. 3 Stokes, R. 4; Affiliation:  1: ENEA—Radiation Protection Institute, Via dei Colli, Bologna 16-40136, Italy  2: Division of Radiation Protection, Paul Scherrer Institute—PSI, 5323 Villigen, Switzerland  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANL—Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: DSTL Radiological Protection Services, Institute for Naval Medicine, Alverstoke, Gosport, Hants PO12 2DL, UK; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 36 Issue 1-6, p487; Subject Term: FAST neutrons; Subject Term: DOSAGE of drugs; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inter-comparison; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: PADC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Personal dosimetric service; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1350-4487(03)00178-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Rong-guang
AU  - Andersson, C. Evalena
AU  - Savchenko, Alexei
AU  - Skarina, Tatiana
AU  - Evdokimova, Elena
AU  - Beasley, Steven
AU  - Arrowsmith, Cheryl H.
AU  - Edwards, Aled M.
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Mowbray, Sherry L.
T1  - Structure of Escherichia coli Ribose-5-Phosphate Isomerase: A Ubiquitous Enzyme of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and the Calvin Cycle
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A (RpiA; EC 5.3.1.6) interconverts ribose-5-phosphate and ribulose-5-phosphate. This enzyme plays essential roles in carbohydrate anabolism and catabolism; it is ubiquitous and highly conserved. The structure of RpiA from Escherichia coli was solved by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) phasing, and refined to 1.5 A˚ resolution (R factor 22.4%, Rfree 23.7%). RpiA exhibits an α/β/(α/β)/β/α fold, some portions of which are similar to proteins of the alcohol dehydrogenase family. The two subunits of the dimer in the asymmetric unit have different conformations, representing the opening/closing of a cleft. Active site residues were identified in the cleft using sequence conservation, as well as the structure of a complex with the inhibitor arabinose-5-phosphate at 1.25 A˚ resolution. A mechanism for acid-base catalysis is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIBOSE phosphates
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - arabinose-5-phosphate
KW  - Calvin cycle
KW  - MAD
KW  - pentose phosphate pathway
KW  - ribose-5-phosphate isomerase
N1  - Accession Number: 8903937; Zhang, Rong-guang 1 Andersson, C. Evalena 2 Savchenko, Alexei 3 Skarina, Tatiana 3 Evdokimova, Elena 3 Beasley, Steven 3 Arrowsmith, Cheryl H. 3 Edwards, Aled M. 4 Joachimiak, Andrzej 1 Mowbray, Sherry L. 5; Email Address: mowbray@xray.bmc.uu.se; Affiliation:  1: Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 202, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  2: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden  3: Clinical Genomics Centre/Proteomics, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada  4: Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 112 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada  5: Department of Molecular Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, BMC, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: RIBOSE phosphates; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: arabinose-5-phosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calvin cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAD; Author-Supplied Keyword: pentose phosphate pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: ribose-5-phosphate isomerase; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, M.H.
AU  - Hwu, H.H.
AU  - Buelow, M.T.
AU  - Chen, J.G.
AU  - Ballinger, T.H.
AU  - Andersen, P.J.
AU  - Mullins, D.R.
T1  - Decomposition pathways of NO on carbide and oxycarbide-modified W(<f>1 1 1</f>) surfaces
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 522
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The decomposition of NO has been studied on clean W(1 1 1), carbide-modified W(1 1 1), and oxycarbide-modified W(1 1 1) surfaces. The decomposition pathways are investigated using a combination of temperature programmed desorption, Auger electron spectroscopy, high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy, and soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All these surfaces exhibit high activity toward the decomposition of NO, and the only N-containing products are N2 and N2O. Furthermore, all three surfaces preferentially produce N2 over N2O from the decomposition of NO. Oxygen atoms, produced from the decomposition of NO, react with carbide surfaces to produce gas-phase CO at high temperatures. In addition, our results demonstrate that cycles of alternate NO/hydrocarbon treatments can regenerate the carbide overlayer on W(1 1 1), and the regenerated C/W(1 1 1) surface remains active in the decomposition of NO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - Carbides
KW  - Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Thermal desorption
KW  - Tungsten
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8571358; Zhang, M.H. 1 Hwu, H.H. 1 Buelow, M.T. 1 Chen, J.G. 1; Email Address: jgchen@udel.edu Ballinger, T.H. 2 Andersen, P.J. 2 Mullins, D.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA  2: Johnson Matthey, Wayne, PA 19087, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 522 Issue 1-3, p112; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MeLerran, Larry
T1  - RHIC physics: 3 lectures.
JO  - Surveys in High Energy Physics
JF  - Surveys in High Energy Physics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 137
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01422413
AB  - The purpose of these lectures is to provide an introduction to the physics issues which are being studied in the RHIC heavy ion program. These center around the production of new states of matter. The quark gluon plasma is thermal matter which once existed in the big bang which may be made at RHIC. The color glass condensate is a universal form of matter which controls the high energy limit of strong interactions. Both such forms of matter might be produced and probed at RHIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Surveys in High Energy Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Ion collisions
KW  - Lectures
KW  - Quark gluon plasma
KW  - RHIC
N1  - Accession Number: 11623357; MeLerran, Larry 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000 Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 18 Issue 1-4, p101; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lectures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quark gluon plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/01422410310001632361
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tamura, Lori
T1  - 15th Annual ALS Users' Association Meeting.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 2
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the 15th Annual Advanced Light Source Users' Association Meeting.  Speakers; Topics discussed; Award presentation; Poster session and vendor exhibits.
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - CONGRESSES
N1  - Accession Number: 10882419; Tamura, Lori 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p2; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: CONGRESSES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tamura, Nobumichi
T1  - Workshop on Application of X-ray Microdiffraction to Materials and Environmental Sciences.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Focuses on the Advanced Light Sources Users' Workshop on application of X-ray microdiffraction to materials and environmental sciences.  Organizers of the workshop; Mechanical properties of composite materials and microelectromechanical systems; Technique of white-beam X-ray diffraction; Assessment of strain gradient theories.
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - CONGRESSES
N1  - Accession Number: 10882420; Tamura, Nobumichi 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Ligth Source, Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p6; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: CONGRESSES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, Michael C.
T1  - Workshop on Applications of Coherent Infrared Synchrotron Radiation.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the Advanced Light Sources Users' Workshop on applications of coherent infrared synchrotron radiation.  Organizers of the workshop; Speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - CONGRESSES
N1  - Accession Number: 10882421; Martin, Michael C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p8; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: CONGRESSES; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arenholz, Elke
AU  - Young, Anthony
AU  - Smith, Neville
T1  - Workshop on Scientific Opportunities in Polarization Dependent X-ray Spectroscopy and Microscopy in Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Research.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Focuses on the Advanced Light Sources Users' Workshop on scientific opportunities in polarization dependent X-ray spectroscopy and microscopy in magnetism and magnetic materials research.  Organizers of the workshop; Speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - CONGRESSES
N1  - Accession Number: 10882422; Arenholz, Elke 1 Young, Anthony 1 Smith, Neville 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: CONGRESSES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bozek, John
T1  - From Atoms to Aerosols: A Workshop on Opportunities for Chemical Physics at the ALS.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the Advanced Light Sources Users' Workshop on opportunities for chemical physics . Organizers of the workshop; Speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - CONGRESSES
N1  - Accession Number: 10882423; Bozek, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: CONGRESSES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlachter, Fred
AU  - Frei, Heinz
T1  - Soft X-ray Research Opportunities Using Beamline 9.3.1: Sulfur K-Edge EXAFS and Other Topics in Atomic, Molecular, and Materials Sciences.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Focuses on the Advanced Light Sources Users' Workshop on research opportunities using soft X-ray beamline 9.3.1.  Organizers of the workshop; Speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - CONGRESSES
N1  - Accession Number: 10882425; Schlachter, Fred 1 Frei, Heinz 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: CONGRESSES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carr, G. Lawrence
AU  - Mihaly, Laszlo
AU  - Johnson, Peter
T1  - Low Energy Electrodynamics in Solids (LEES '02).
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Focuses on the 5th International Meeting on the Low Energy Electrodynamics in Solids which was held in Montauk, New York on October 13-18, 2002.  Speakers; Topics discussed; Conference theme.
KW  - ELECTRODYNAMICS
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - MONTAUK (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 10882426; Carr, G. Lawrence 1 Mihaly, Laszlo 2 Johnson, Peter 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, USA  2: Physics Department SUNY @ Stony Brook, NY USA  3: Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY USA; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p20; Subject Term: ELECTRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: MONTAUK (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byrd, John
AU  - Sannibale, Fernando
AU  - Martin, Michael C.
T1  - Workshop on Coherent Synchrotron Radiation in Storage Rings.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Focuses on the Workshop on Coherent Synchrotron Radiation in Storage Rings which was held in Napa, California on October 28-29, 2002. Organizers of the workshop; Speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - STORAGE rings -- Congresses
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - CONGRESSES
KW  - NAPA (Calif.)
N1  - Accession Number: 10882427; Byrd, John 1 Sannibale, Fernando 1 Martin, Michael C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: STORAGE rings -- Congresses; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: CONGRESSES; Subject Term: NAPA (Calif.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gmũr, Nicholas F.
T1  - Brookhaven's Free Electron Laser at the NSLS Reaches a New Milestone.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/01//Jan/Feb2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 32
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Focuses on the development of deep ultra-violet free electron laser (DUV-FEL) at the National Synchrotron Light Source.  Use of high gain harmonic generation process; Electron interaction with light by a laser; Electron beam conditions; Applications of the DUV-FEL.
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 10882429; Gmũr, Nicholas F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nicholas Synchrotron Light Source Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY USA; Source Info: Jan/Feb2003, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p32; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
AU  - Gall, Ken
AU  - Dolan, K.W.
AU  - Waters, A.
AU  - Haskins, J.J.
AU  - Perkins, D.E.
AU  - Gokhale, A.M.
AU  - Dighe, M.D.
T1  - Numerical, experimental, nondestructive, and image analyses of damage progression in cast A356 aluminum notch tensile bars
JO  - Theoretical & Applied Fracture Mechanics
JF  - Theoretical & Applied Fracture Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 01678442
AB  - Void nucleation, growth, and coalescence in A356 aluminum notch specimens was determined from a combination of experiments, finite element analysis, nondestructive analysis, and image analysis. Notch Bridgman tension experiments were performed on specimens to failure and then other specimens were tested to 90%, 95%, and 98% of the failure load. The specimens were evaluated with nondestructive X-ray tomography and optical image analysis. Finite element simulations of the notch tests were performed with an elastic–plastic internal state variable material model that incorporated the pertinent microstructures (silicon particle volume fraction and size distribution and porosity volume fraction and size distribution). Parametric finite element simulations were performed to give insight into various initial conditions and responses of the notch tensile bars. The various methods all corroborated the same damage progression. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical & Applied Fracture Mechanics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - NOTCH effect
N1  - Accession Number: 8549024; Horstemeyer, M.F. 1; Email Address: mfhorst@sandia.gov Gall, Ken 1 Dolan, K.W. 2 Waters, A. 2 Haskins, J.J. 2 Perkins, D.E. 2 Gokhale, A.M. 3 Dighe, M.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Materials and Engineering Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, Solid and Material Mechanics Department, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Materials Science and Engineering Department, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 39 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: NOTCH effect; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - NEWS
AU  - Wenzel, Tom
AU  - Ross, Marc
T1  - Comment on “Statistical modelling of vehicle emissions from inspection/maintenance testing data: an explanatory analysis”
JO  - Transportation Research: Part D
JF  - Transportation Research: Part D
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 69
SN  - 13619209
N1  - Accession Number: 8667618; Wenzel, Tom 1; Email Address: tpwenzel@lbl.gov Ross, Marc 2; Email Address: mhross@umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: University of Michigan, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p69; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steven Wiley, H.
AU  - Shvartsman, Stanislav Y.
AU  - Lauffenburger, Douglas A.
T1  - Computational modeling of the EGF-receptor system: a paradigm for systems biology
JO  - Trends in Cell Biology
JF  - Trends in Cell Biology
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 09628924
AB  - Computational models have rarely been used as tools by biologists but, when models provide experimentally testable predictions, they can be extremely useful. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is probably the best-understood receptor system, and computational models have played a significant part in its elucidation. For many years, models have been used to analyze EGFR dynamics and to interpret mutational studies, and are now being used to understand processes including signal transduction, autocrine loops and developmental patterning. The success of EGFR modeling can be a guide to combining models and experiments productively to understand complex biological processes as integrated systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Cell Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - EPIDERMAL growth factor
N1  - Accession Number: 8621026; Steven Wiley, H. 1; Email Address: steven.wiley@pnl.gov Shvartsman, Stanislav Y. 2 Lauffenburger, Douglas A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering and Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  3: Biological Engineering Division, Department of Biology, and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: EPIDERMAL growth factor; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hutchinson, C.R.
AU  - Hackenberg, R.E.
AU  - Shiflet, G.J.
T1  - A comparison of EDS microanalysis in FIB-prepared and electropolished TEM thin foils
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/01//
VL  - 94
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 03043991
AB  - This paper reports the results of a fine-probe EDS microanalytical study of cellular precipitation in a Cu–Ti binary alloy. Compositional profiles across the solute depleted Cu-rich FCC lamellae and the Cu4Ti lamellae within isothermally formed cellular colonies were measured in a FEG-TEM from thin-foil specimens prepared by conventional electropolishing and by a technique using a Ga+ focused ion-beam (FIB). The Cliff–Lorimer ratio method, with an absorption correction, was employed to quantify the compositions. Two FIB samples were prepared with different orientations of the lamellae with respect to the ion-milling direction. The compositional profiles across the Cu-rich FCC lamellae and the Cu4Ti compound lamellae in both the FIB-prepared samples and the electropolished sample were, within experimental error, numerically equivalent. The composition of the Cu4Ti compound phase lamellae was very close to the ideal stoichiometric composition of 20 at% Ti. It is concluded that for this system, and for the specimen preparation procedures used in this study, the Ga+ ion-milling process has had no detectable effect on the chemistry changes across the interlamellar interface at the scale studied. These results indicate that the possible sources of chemical artifacts which include redeposition, preferential sputtering and ion-induced atomic migration can be minimized if several precautions are taken during milling in the FIB. Consistent with previous investigators, it was also found that the ion-milling process does introduce significant structural artifacts (e.g., dislocations) into the softer FCC Cu-rich phase compared with a specimen produced by conventional electropolishing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - X-ray microanalysis
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC polishing
KW  - Specimen preparation
N1  - Accession Number: 8622402; Hutchinson, C.R. 1 Hackenberg, R.E. 2 Shiflet, G.J. 3; Email Address: gjs@virginia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et Physico-Chimie Metallurgiques, Domaine Universitaire, St. Martin D’Heres, 38402, Cedex, France  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, 116 Engineer's Way, Charlottesville VA 22904-4745, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 94 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: X-ray microanalysis; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC polishing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specimen preparation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gan, Zhehong
AU  - Srinivasan, Parthasarathy
AU  - Quine, John R.
AU  - Steuernagel, Stefan
AU  - Knott, Benno
T1  - Third-order effect in solid-state NMR of quadrupolar nuclei
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 367
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The theory and experimental observation of the third-order effect in solid-state NMR of quadrupolar nuclei are presented. The third-order effect consists of spherical harmonic terms up to rank <f>l=6</f> and shifts NMR frequencies between two spin states that are not symmetric such as satellite transitions. Two-dimensional satellite transition magic-angle spinning experiment averages both the first and the second-order quadrupolar interactions making the quantitative measurement of the third-order effect possible. The third-order quadrupolar effect in andalusite has been measured at 11.7 T and its powder patterns are fitted with numerical simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - ANDALUSITE
N1  - Accession Number: 8571561; Gan, Zhehong 1; Email Address: gan@magnet.fsu.edu Srinivasan, Parthasarathy 2 Quine, John R. 2 Steuernagel, Stefan 3 Knott, Benno 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Bruker Analytik GmbH, D-76287 Rheinstetten, Germany; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 367 Issue 1/2, p163; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: ANDALUSITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Golovlev, Valerie V.
AU  - Gresalfi, Michael J.
AU  - Miller, John C.
AU  - Anglos, Demetrios
AU  - Melesanaki, K.
AU  - Zafiropulos, Vassilis
AU  - Romer, Grant
AU  - Messier, Paul
T1  - Laser characterization and cleaning of 19th century daguerreotypes II
JO  - Journal of Cultural Heritage
JF  - Journal of Cultural Heritage
Y1  - 2003/01/02/Jan2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 134
SN  - 12962074
AB  - Recently, we have made tremendous progress in the spectroscopic analysis and laser restoration of tarnished daguerreotypes. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been applied for the first time to both modern and 150-year-old daguerreotypes. In addition to surface and depth profiling, the analysis of colors on “tinted” samples allowed identification of the pigment. These results complement the previous analysis by laser ionization mass spectrometry of the surface composition of clean and tarnished examples of the old photographs. Laser ablation cleaning of the submicrometer tarnish layers has now been clearly demonstrated on numerous daguerreotypes with various extents and types of tarnish. The use of computer controlled XY translation and stable laser beam quality have allowed decisive proof-of-principle examples of laser restoration. The best parameters of laser wavelength, power and pulse duration have been determined. Using digital files of daguerreotype images, straightforward models have been developed that allow for the digital mapping of the surface tarnish. In principle, such maps could guide the computer control of the laser cleaning process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - DAGUERREOTYPE
KW  - Daguerreotypes
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Laser cleaning
KW  - LIBS
N1  - Accession Number: 9481854; Golovlev, Valerie V. 1 Gresalfi, Michael J. 1 Miller, John C. 1; Email Address: john.miller@science.doce.gov Anglos, Demetrios 2 Melesanaki, K. 2 Zafiropulos, Vassilis 2 Romer, Grant 3 Messier, Paul 4; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6125, USA  2: Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece  3: International Museum of Photography and Film, George Eastman House, 900 East Avenue, Rochester, NY 14607-2298, USA  4: Boston Art Conservation, 60 Oak Square Avenue, Boston, MA 02135, USA; Source Info: Jan2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 4, p134; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: DAGUERREOTYPE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Daguerreotypes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser cleaning; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIBS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sergueeva, A.V.
AU  - Song, C.
AU  - Valiev, R.Z.
AU  - Mukherjee, A.K.
T1  - Structure and properties of amorphous and nanocrystalline NiTi prepared by severe plastic deformation and annealing
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 339
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The formation of homogeneous nanocrystalline structure by nanocrystallization of amorphous NiTi subjected to high pressure torsion is demonstrated. Structural evolution during annealing was investigated and homogeneous nanocrystalline structures with different grain sizes have been obtained by controlled annealing. Nanocrystallization results in the record value of room temperature strength for this material equal to 2650 MPa with an elongation to failure of about 5%. At elevated temperatures of (0.4…0.5)Tm nanocrystalline nitinol showed a high ultimate strength with sufficient elongation (up to 200%). The observation that the shape and the size of grains after deformation remain close to that of the initial state suggests that in nanocrystalline NiTi such mechanism as grain boundary sliding and grain rotation are active and the generation and motion of dislocations play the role of accommodation of stress concentration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TORSION
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - NICKEL-titanium alloys
KW  - High pressure torsion
KW  - Mechanical behavior
KW  - Nanocrystallization
KW  - Nitinol
N1  - Accession Number: 7911076; Sergueeva, A.V. 1 Song, C. 2 Valiev, R.Z. 3 Mukherjee, A.K. 1; Email Address: akmukherjee@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Center for Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 Marks Street, Ufa 450000, Russia; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 339 Issue 1/2, p159; Subject Term: TORSION; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: NICKEL-titanium alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure torsion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitinol; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, J.Y.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Beyerlein, I.J.
AU  - Bourke, M.A.
AU  - Mitchell, T.E.
T1  - Microstructure of cryogenic treated M2 tool steel
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 339
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Cryogenic treatment has been claimed to improve wear resistance of certain steels and has been implemented in cutting tools, autos, barrels etc. Although it has been confirmed that cryogenic treatment can improve the service life of tools, the underling mechanism remains unclear. In this paper, we studied the microstructure changes of M2 tool steel before and after cryogenic treatment. We found that cryogenic treatment can facilitate the formation of carbon clustering and increase the carbide density in the subsequent heat treatment, thus improving the wear resistance of steels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - STEEL
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CARBIDES
KW  - Carbide
KW  - Cryogenic treatment
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Steel
KW  - Wear resistance
N1  - Accession Number: 7911091; Huang, J.Y.; Email Address: jyhuang@lanl.gov Zhu, Y.T. 1 Liao, X.Z. 1 Beyerlein, I.J. 1 Bourke, M.A. 1 Mitchell, T.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS G 755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 339 Issue 1/2, p241; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CARBIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear resistance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geiser, Urs
AU  - Kini, Aravinda M.
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
AU  - Wang, H. Hau
AU  - Williams, Jack M.
T1  - The search for new superconductors at argonne national laboratory.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 35
SN  - 15421406
AB  - The organic superconductors program at Argonne National Laboratory was started by Jack M. Williams in 1981. Initial studies centered around structural effects in the TMTSF salts. Since 1984, the major emphasis has been on salts of the electron donor bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (ET). Important milestones include the discovery of a number of new superconductors, among them: β-(ET) 2 IBr 2 (T c =2.8 K) and β-(ET) 2 AuI 2 (T c =4−5 K). These salts led to the first structure-properties relationship in ET salts. κ-(ET) 2 Cu[N(CN) 2 ]Br (T c =11.8 K, ambient pressure) and κ-(ET) 2 Cu[N(CN) 2 ]Cl (T c =12.5 K at 0.3 kbar pressure) are still the cation radical superconductors with the highest known transition temperatures. The families of κ L - and κ H -(ET) 2 [M(CF 3 ) 4 ](solvent) salts (T c =2−11 K) yielded at least 25 new closely related organic superconductors with M=Cu, Ag, Au, and solvent=1,1,2-trihaloethane. β″-(ET) 2 SF 5 CH 2 CF 2 SO 3 (T c =5 K) was the first superconductor where both the radical cation and the charge balancing anion were organic. Recent results in the synthesis and characterization of ET salts with anions similar to SF 5 CH 2 CF 2 SO 3 − are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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N1  - Accession Number: 75728009; Geiser, Urs 1 Kini, Aravinda M. 1 Schlueter, John A. 1 Wang, H. Hau 1 Williams, Jack M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 380 Issue 1, p29; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/713738690
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eldridge, J. E.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Schlueter, J.
AU  - Wang, H. H.
AU  - Kini, A. M.
T1  - Raman and infrared studies of the sharp 890 CM −1 mode in organic superconductors.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 100
SN  - 15421406
AB  - Raman and infrared spectra of several organic superconductors are presented, showing some unusual behaviours of a sharp line at 890 cm −1 in both spectra. These include a frequency shift below T c , a positive deuterium isotope shift, frequency softening at low temperatures and sensitivity to lattice superstructure. It is proposed that either the ion or the neutral molecule has a distortion with a strong ν 60 (B 3g ) mode component. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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N1  - Accession Number: 75728057; Eldridge, J. E. 1 Lin, Y. 1 Schlueter, J. 2 Wang, H. H. 2 Kini, A. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z1, Canada  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 380 Issue 1, p93; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/713738720
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
AU  - Ward, Brian H.
AU  - Geiser, Urs
AU  - Kini, Aravinda M.
AU  - Hau Wang, H.
AU  - Hata, Aaron N.
AU  - Mohtasham, Javid
AU  - Winter, Rolf W.
AU  - Gard, Gary L.
T1  - Chemical modification of the superconducting β′-(ET) 2 SF 5 CH 2 CF 2 SO 3 structure through use of CF 3 C RR ″SO 3 − ANIONS.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 133
SN  - 15421406
AB  - Discrete, organic anions provide an attractive alternative for the synthesis of molecular superconductors. We have previously prepared the first completely organic superconductor, β″-(BEDT-TTF) 2 SF 5 CH 2 CF 2 SO 3 [BEDT-TTF, hereafter abbreviated ET, is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiofulvalene]. Molecular metals which contain organic anions are essentially free of the magnetic impurities (i.e. Cu +2 ) that often plague the physical property studies of organic superconductors such as κ-(ET) 2 Cu[N(CN) 2 ]Br. We have undertaken a research effort aimed at the crystallization of conducting charge transfer salts which possess fluorinated alkylsulfonate anions as the charge compensating entities. Herein we report the extension of this work to include the synthesis and characterization of ET salts of the trifluoromethylsulfonate anions, CF 3 CRR′SO 3 − (R, R′=F, H). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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N1  - Accession Number: 75728046; Schlueter, John A. 1 Ward, Brian H. 1 Geiser, Urs 1 Kini, Aravinda M. 1 Hau Wang, H. 1 Hata, Aaron N. 1 Mohtasham, Javid 2 Winter, Rolf W. 2 Gard, Gary L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97207, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 380 Issue 1, p129; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/713738709
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadau, K.
AU  - Gruner, M.
AU  - Entel, P.
AU  - Kreth, M.
T1  - Modeling Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions in Iron-Nickel Nanoparticles.
JO  - Phase Transitions
JF  - Phase Transitions
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 76
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
EP  - 365
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01411594
AB  - Martensitic phase transformations and magnetovolume effects in iron-nickel alloys are intimately related. The term Invar is widely used to characterize the unusual physical properties accompanying structural and magnetic instabilities such as those observed in the vicinity of the critical composition Fe 65 Ni 35 . We discuss the crossover from bulk iron-nickel alloys to nanoparticles with respect to structural and magnetic behavior. By employing molecular-dynamics and Monte Carlo methods, we find the absence of structural instabilities in defect-free particles, a linear scaling of the austenitic transformation temperature with the reciprocal cluster radius, as well as a decrease of the magnetic transition temperature with decreasing particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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KW  - Iron-nickel Nanoparticles
KW  - Martensitic And Magnetic Phase Transitions
KW  - Molecular-dynamics
KW  - Monte Carlo Simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 75756163; Kadau, K. 1 Gruner, M. 2 Entel, P. 2 Kreth, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-11, MS B262, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA  2: Institute of Physics, Gerhard-Mercator-University, Duisburg, 47048, Germany; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 76 Issue 4/5, p355; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron-nickel Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensitic And Magnetic Phase Transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular-dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo Simulations; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/0141159021000051433
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soff, Sven
AU  - Randrup, Jørgen
AU  - Stöcker, Horst
AU  - Xu, Nu
T1  - Effects of strong color fields on baryon dynamics
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 551
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We calculate the antibaryon-to-baryon ratios, <f>p¯/p,Λ¯/Λ,<ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">Ξ</ovl>/Ξ</f>, and <f><ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">Ω</ovl>/Ω</f> for <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at RHIC (<f>√ of sNN=200</f> GeV). The effects of strong color fields associated with an enhanced strangeness and diquark production probability and with an effective decrease of formation times are investigated. Antibaryon-to-baryon ratios increase with the color field strength. The ratios also increase with the strangeness content <f>&z.sfnc;S&z.sfnc;</f>. The netbaryon number at midrapidity considerably increases with the color field strength while the netproton number remains roughly the same. This shows that the enhanced baryon transport involves a conversion into the hyperon sector (hyperonization) which can be observed in the <f>(Λ−Λ¯)/(p−p¯)</f> ratio. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BARYONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 8668540; Soff, Sven 1; Email Address: ssoff@lbl.gov Randrup, Jørgen 1 Stöcker, Horst 2 Xu, Nu 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Nuclear Science Division 70-319, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institut für Theoretische Physik, J.W. Goethe-Universität, 60054 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 551 Issue 1/2, p115; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kane, G.L.
AU  - Lykken, J.
AU  - Nelson, Brent D.
AU  - Wang, Lian-Tao
T1  - Re-examination of electroweak symmetry breaking in supersymmetry and implications for light superpartners
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/01/02/
VL  - 551
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 146
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We examine arguments that could avoid light superpartners as an implication of supersymmetric radiative electroweak symmetry breaking. We argue that, from the point of view of string theory and standard approaches to generating the <f>μ</f> term, cancellations among parameters are not a generic feature. While the coefficients relating <f>MZ</f> to parameters in the soft supersymmetry breaking Lagrangian can be made smaller, these same mechanisms lead to lighter superpartner masses at the electroweak scale. Consequently we strengthen the implication that gluinos, neutralinos, and charginos are light and likely to be produced at the Fermilab Tevatron and a linear collider. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC interactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 8668544; Kane, G.L. 1 Lykken, J. 2 Nelson, Brent D. 1; Email Address: bdnelson@umich.edu Wang, Lian-Tao 1; Affiliation:  1: Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, Randall Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 551 Issue 1/2, p146; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC interactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poe, Gina R.
AU  - Rector, David M.
AU  - Harper, Ronald M.
T1  - State-dependent columnar organization of dorsal hippocampal activity in the freely-behaving cat
JO  - Behavioural Brain Research
JF  - Behavioural Brain Research
Y1  - 2003/01/06/
VL  - 138
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 01664328
AB  - We examined reflected light images from the dorsal hippocampus in freely-behaving cats to assess the topographical organization of neural activity expressed during sleep-waking states. Reflectance patterns, organized as columns along the CA3–CA1 axis which appeared during rapid eye movement sleep (REM) and waking states, were compared to baseline periods collected during quiet sleep (QS). The columns were not static across states or behaviors within a state, but showed inversion in activation/inactivation patterns, and narrowed or widened over time. A correlation between state-dependence and reflectance patterns emerged, with transitions to active waking and REM most likely exhibiting enhanced columnar patterning, relative to QS. No columnar patterns appeared in overlying neocortical areas or in control media. The columnar patterns suggest a highly structured functional state-dependent organization in the dorsal hippocampus, as has been previously predicted by anatomical studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain)
KW  - OPTICAL images
KW  - SLEEP
KW  - Hippocampus
KW  - Lamellae
KW  - Optical imaging
KW  - Slabs
KW  - Sleep
KW  - State
N1  - Accession Number: 8668782; Poe, Gina R. 1 Rector, David M. 2 Harper, Ronald M. 3; Email Address: rharper@ucla.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0615, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Neurobiology, The Brain Research Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1763, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 138 Issue 1, p107; Subject Term: HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain); Subject Term: OPTICAL images; Subject Term: SLEEP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hippocampus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lamellae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slabs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sleep; Author-Supplied Keyword: State; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moran, Andrew M.
AU  - Myers Kelley, Anne
AU  - Tretiak, Sergei
T1  - Excited state molecular dynamics simulations of nonlinear push–pull chromophores
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/01/06/
VL  - 367
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Julolidinemalononitrile, p-nitroaniline, and julolidinyl-n-N,<f>N′</f>-diethylthiobarbituric acid are studied with ground and excited state molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with the collective electronic oscillator formalism and Onsager’s cavity model. Ground and excited state geometries are calculated in the gas phase and four solvents. The results are interpreted in the context of a two-state valence bond model for charge-transfer transitions of conjugated organic molecules, and are compared to recent resonant Raman experimental results. The calculated geometries are qualitatively consistent with both the two-state model and experiment. In addition, calculated transition density matrices are presented to visualize the changes in charge distribution accompanying photoexcitation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 8577131; Moran, Andrew M. 1 Myers Kelley, Anne 1 Tretiak, Sergei 2; Email Address: serg@cnls.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-3701, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 367 Issue 3/4, p293; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyers, J.S.
AU  - Chumbley, S.
AU  - Laabs, F.
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
T1  - TEM analysis of Gd5(SixGel−x)4, where x=1/2
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/01/08/
VL  - 51
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The material Gd5(SixGel−x)4, with x=1/2 was investigated using transmission electron microscopy. The material possesses a complex crystallographic structure and undergoes a unique, reversible, transformation at low temperatures and an irreversible high temperature transformation. The high, room and low temperature microstructures of arc-melted and heat treated samples are reported. Direct observation of the transformation with a discussion on the mechanism of the reversible, low temperature, phase transformation is detailed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Ferroelastic
KW  - Gd5Si2Ge2
KW  - Phase transition
KW  - Rare earth
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8722281; Meyers, J.S. 1,2 Chumbley, S. 1,2; Email Address: chumbley@iastate.edu Laabs, F. 1 Pecharsky, A.O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames IA, 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames IA, 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p61; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gd5Si2Ge2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00227-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuh, C.A.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - A nanoindentation study of serrated flow in bulk metallic glasses
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/01/08/
VL  - 51
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Plastic deformation of two Pd- and two Zr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is investigated through the use of nanoindentation, which probes mechanical properties at the length scale of shear bands, the carriers of plasticity in such alloys. These materials exhibit serrated flow during nanoindentation, manifested as a stepped load-displacement curve punctuated by discrete bursts of plasticity. These discrete “pop-in” events correspond to the activation of individual shear bands, and the character of serrations is strongly dependent on the indentation loading rate; slower indentation rates promote more conspicuous serrations, and rapid indentations suppress serrated flow. Analysis of the experimental data reveals a critical applied strain rate, above which serrated flow is completely suppressed. Furthermore, careful separation of the plastic and elastic contributions to deformation reveals that, at sufficiently low indentation rates, plastic deformation occurs entirely in discrete events of isolated shear banding, while at the highest rates, deformation is continuous, without any evidence of discrete events at any size scale. All of the present results are consistent with a kinetic limitation for shear bands, where at high rates, a single shear band cannot accommodate the imposed strain rapidly enough, and consequently multiple shear bands must operate simultaneously. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 8722283; Schuh, C.A.; Email Address: schuh@mit.edu Nieh, T.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p87; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00303-8
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chu, Shaoping
AU  - Elliott, Scott
AU  - Maltrud, Mathew E.
T1  - Global eddy permitting simulations of surface ocean nitrogen, iron, sulfur cycling
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/01/08/
VL  - 50
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 00456535
AB  - The geocycles of N, Fe and S in the ocean are tightly coupled and together exert strong influence on biogeochemistry of the earth system. We investigate this interaction by inserting macro–micronutrient cycling into a high resolution ocean model that realistically represents the general circulation. Simulated chlorophyll distributions reproduce many features of satellite-based measurements of ocean color. Meridional sections through model results and seasonally averaged SeaWiFS data agree reasonably well, both in the oligotrophic gyres and along fronts. Discrepancies are associated in many cases with shelf, ridge or island effects. Dimethyl sulfide peaks and their chlorophyll correlations are similar to those obtained on major oceanographic expeditions. Lack of strong regional relationships between the sulfide and phytoplankton may be partly explained by correspondence between time constants for production and for the traversal of mesoscale transport features. In general the eddies and filaments of tropical instability waves are well represented, including the onset of the 1997–1998 El Nin˜o. North–south shifts of the transition zone chlorophyll front appear prominently in the results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EDDIES
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - IRON
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - CHEMICAL oceanography
KW  - Eddy resolution
KW  - Elemental cycles
KW  - Global marine biogeochemistry
KW  - Iron
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Sulfur
N1  - Accession Number: 8791332; Chu, Shaoping 1; Email Address: spchu@lanl.gov Elliott, Scott 1 Maltrud, Mathew E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences Group, MS D401, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Fluid Dynamics Group, MS B216, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 50 Issue 2, p223; Subject Term: EDDIES; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: CHEMICAL oceanography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elemental cycles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global marine biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, M.B.
AU  - Cizewski, J.A.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
AU  - Khoo, T.L.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Abu Saleem, K.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Amro, H.
AU  - Danchev, M.
AU  - Davids, C.N.
AU  - Hartley, D.J.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - Ma, W.C.
AU  - Poli, G.L.
AU  - Ressler, J.J.
AU  - Reviol, W.
AU  - Riedinger, L.L.
T1  - Limits of the energy-spin phase space beyond the proton drip line: entry distributions of Pt and Au isobars
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/01/09/
VL  - 551
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Entry distributions in angular momentum and excitation energy have been measured for several very proton-rich isotopes of Pt and Au. This is the first systematic study of the energy-spin phase space for nuclei near and beyond the proton drip line. Comparisons are made between the distributions associated with proton-unbound Au nuclei and more stable Pt isobars. In 173Au the first evidence is seen for the limits of excitation energy and angular momentum which a nucleus beyond the proton drip line can sustain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - 23.50.+z
N1  - Accession Number: 8723713; Smith, M.B. 1; Email Address: mbsmith@triumf.ca Cizewski, J.A. 1 Carpenter, M.P. 2 Kondev, F.G. 2 Khoo, T.L. 2 Lauritsen, T. 2 Janssens, R.V.F. 2 Abu Saleem, K. 2,3 Ahmad, I. 2 Amro, H. 4 Danchev, M. 5 Davids, C.N. 2 Hartley, D.J. 5 Heinz, A. 2 Lister, C.J. 2 Ma, W.C. 4 Poli, G.L. 2 Ressler, J.J. 2,6 Reviol, W. 7 Riedinger, L.L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  4: Department of Physics, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, MS 39762, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  6: Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  7: Chemistry Department, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 551 Issue 3/4, p262; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 23.50.+z; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barton, C.J.
AU  - Caprio, M.A.
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Zamfir, N.V.
AU  - Brenner, D.S.
AU  - Gill, R.L.
AU  - Lewis, T.A.
AU  - Cooper, J.R.
AU  - Casten, R.F.
AU  - Beausang, C.W.
AU  - Krücken, R.
AU  - Novak, J.R.
T1  - <f>B(E2)</f> values from low-energy Coulomb excitation at an ISOL facility: the <f>N=80,82</f> Te isotopes
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/01/09/
VL  - 551
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
SN  - 03702693
AB  - <f>B(E2;0+1→2+1)</f> values for the unstable, neutron-rich nuclei 132,134Te were determined through Coulomb excitation, in inverse kinematics, of accelerated beams of these nuclei. The systematics of measured <f>B(E2)</f> values from the ground state to the first excited state have been extended to the <f>N=82</f> shell closure in the Te nuclei and have been compared with the predictions of different theories. The measurements were performed at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) using the GRAFIK detector. The success of this approach, which couples a <f>5.7%</f> efficient through-well NaI(Tl) <f>γ</f>-ray detector with thin foil microchannel plate beam detectors, also demonstrates the feasibility for Coulomb excitation studies of neutron-rich nuclei even further from the valley of beta stability, both at present-generation ISOL facilities and at the proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - COULOMB excitation
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 8723714; Barton, C.J. 1,2; Email Address: c.j.barton@dl.ac.uk Caprio, M.A. 2 Shapira, D. 3 Zamfir, N.V. 2,4,5 Brenner, D.S. 2,4 Gill, R.L. 6 Lewis, T.A. 7 Cooper, J.R. 2 Casten, R.F. 2 Beausang, C.W. 2 Krücken, R. 2 Novak, J.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: CCLRC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire WA4 4AD, England, UK<fn id="fn001"><no>1</no>Present address.</fn>  2: Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8124, USA  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA  5: National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania  6: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  7: Instrumentation and Control Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 551 Issue 3/4, p269; Subject Term: COULOMB excitation; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bass, S.A.
AU  - Müller, B.
AU  - Srivastava, D.K.
T1  - Parton rescattering and screening in Au <f>+</f> Au collisions at RHIC
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/01/09/
VL  - 551
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We study the microscopic dynamics of quarks and gluons in relativistic heavy ion collisions in the framework of the Parton Cascade Model. We use lowest order perturbative QCD cross sections with fixed lower momentum cutoff <f>pminT</f>. We calculate the time-evolution of the Debye-screening mass <f>μD</f> for Au <f>+</f> Au collisions at <f>√ of s=200</f> GeV per nucleon pair. The screening mass is used to determine a lower limit for the allowed range of <f>pminT</f>. We also determine the energy density reached through hard and semi-hard processes at RHIC, obtain a lower bound for the rapidity density of charged hadrons produced by semi-hard interactions, and analyze the extent of perturbative rescattering among partons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PARTONS
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 8723715; Bass, S.A. 1,2; Email Address: bass@phy.duke.edu Müller, B. 1 Srivastava, D.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0305, USA  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 551 Issue 3/4, p277; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Close, F.E.
AU  - Lipkin, H.J.
T1  - Puzzles in Cabibbo-suppressed charm decays
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/01/09/
VL  - 551
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We identify two Cabibbo suppressed <f>D+</f> decay modes with anomalously high branching ratios which are not simply explained by any model. All standard model diagrams that can contribute to these decays are related by symmetries to diagrams for other decays that do not show any such enhancement. If these high branching ratios are confirmed by more precise experiments, they may require new physics to explain them. Anomalies in <f>Ds</f> decays and tests for possible violation of <f>G</f>-parity are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARITY
N1  - Accession Number: 8723723; Close, F.E. 1; Email Address: f.close@physics.ox.ac.uk Lipkin, H.J. 2,3,4; Email Address: harry.lipkin@weizmann.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Rd., Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom  2: Department of Particle Physics Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  3: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel  4: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 551 Issue 3/4, p337; Subject Term: BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARITY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrett, C.L.
AU  - Mortveit, H.S.
AU  - Reidys, C.M.
T1  - ETS IV: Sequential dynamical systems: fixed points, invertibility and equivalence
JO  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
JF  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
Y1  - 2003/01/10/
VL  - 134
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 00963003
AB  - Sequential dynamical systems (SDSs) are discrete dynamical systems that are obtained from the following data: (a) a finite (labeled) graph Y with vertex set <f>{1,…,n}</f> where each vertex has a binary state, (b) a vertex labeled sequence of functions <f>(Fi,Y:F2n→F2n)i</f> and (c) a permutation <f>π∈Sn</f>. The function <f>Fi,Y</f> updates the binary state of vertex i as a function of the states of vertex i and its Y-neighbors and leaves the states of all other vertices fixed. The permutation <f>π</f> represents a Y-vertex ordering according to which the functions <f>Fi,Y</f> are applied. By composing the functions <f>Fi,Y</f> in the order given by <f>π</f> we obtain the SDS<fen><cp type="lsqb" STYLE="S">FY,π<cp type="rsqb" STYLE="S"></fen>=∏i=1nFπ(i),Y:F2n→F2n.In this paper we will generalize a class of results on SDS that have been proven for symmetric Boolean (local) functions to quasi-symmetric local functions. Further, we completely classify invertible SDS and investigate fixed points of sequential and parallel cellular automata (CA). Finally, we show sharpness of a combinatorial upper bound for the number of non-equivalent SDS that can be obtained through rescheduling for a certain class of graphs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - QUASISYMMETRIC groups
KW  - FIXED point theory
KW  - Digraph isomorphism
KW  - Fixed points
KW  - Quasi-symmetric functions
KW  - Sequential dynamical system
KW  - Topological conjugation
N1  - Accession Number: 7878357; Barrett, C.L.; Email Address: barrett@lanl.gov Mortveit, H.S. 1 Reidys, C.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, TSA-2, MS M997, Mailstop TA-0, SM-1237, MS M997, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 134 Issue 1, p153; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: QUASISYMMETRIC groups; Subject Term: FIXED point theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digraph isomorphism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fixed points; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-symmetric functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential dynamical system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Topological conjugation; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shimaoka, Motomu
AU  - Xiao, Tsan
AU  - Liu, Jin-Huan
AU  - Yang, Yuting
AU  - Dong, Yicheng
AU  - Jun, Chang-Duk
AU  - McCormack, Alison
AU  - Zhang, Rongguang
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Takagi, Junichi
AU  - Wang, Jia-Huai
AU  - Springer, Timothy A.
T1  - Structures of the αL I Domain and Its Complex with ICAM-1 Reveal a Shape-Shifting Pathway for Integrin Regulation
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2003/01/10/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 00928674
AB  - The structure of the I domain of integrin αLβ2 bound to the Ig superfamily ligand ICAM-1 reveals the open ligand binding conformation and the first example of an integrin-IgSF interface. The I domain Mg2+ directly coordinates Glu-34 of ICAM-1, and a dramatic swing of I domain residue Glu-241 enables a critical salt bridge. Liganded and unliganded structures for both high- and intermediate-affinity mutant I domains reveal that ligand binding can induce conformational change in the αL I domain and that allosteric signals can convert the closed conformation to intermediate or open conformations without ligand binding. Pulling down on the C-terminal α7 helix with introduced disulfide bonds ratchets the β6-α7 loop into three different positions in the closed, intermediate, and open conformations, with a progressive increase in affinity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRINS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 8927210; Shimaoka, Motomu 1 Xiao, Tsan 1 Liu, Jin-Huan 2 Yang, Yuting 2 Dong, Yicheng 2 Jun, Chang-Duk 1 McCormack, Alison 1 Zhang, Rongguang 3 Joachimiak, Andrzej 3 Takagi, Junichi 1 Wang, Jia-Huai 2 Springer, Timothy A. 1; Email Address: springer@cbr.med.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: The Center for Blood Research, Department of Pathology, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  2: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  3: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: 1/10/2003, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p99; Subject Term: INTEGRINS; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, Hua-Geu
T1  - Erratum to: Accelerating the calculation of the rovibrational energies of tetraatomic molecules using a two-layer Lanczos algorithm [Chem. Phys. Lett. 365 (2002) 189–196.]
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/01/10/
VL  - 367
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 791
SN  - 00092614
N1  - Accession Number: 8622498; Yu, Hua-Geu 1; Email Address: hyg@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 367 Issue 5/6, p791; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoshizawa, Noriko
AU  - Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
AU  - Fu, Ruowen
AU  - Satcher, Joe
AU  - Boumann, Ted
T1  - Tem Observation of Metal-Loaded Carbon Aerogels Prepared by an Ion-Exchange Method.
JO  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
JF  - Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2003/01/10/
VL  - 388
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 80
SN  - 15421406
AB  - Cu-loaded carbon aerogel was prepared by soaking sol-gel production, obtained from K-salt of 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, into Cu(NO 3 ) 2 solution. XPS measurement demonstrated that Cu concentration is higher in the outside region of bulk samples, indicating that Cu may be incorporated through an immersing process rather than ion-exchanging. TEM observation showed that, like an aerogel sample with K ions, Cu-loaded organic aerogels had porous texture in which gel particles about 20-30 nmφ were interconnected with each other. Metal-loading process used in this study was considered as a promising method to disperse metals without changing original structure of carbon aerogels. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75729130; Yoshizawa, Noriko 1 Dresselhaus, Mildred S. 2 Fu, Ruowen 3 Satcher, Joe 4 Boumann, Ted 4; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan  2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA  3: PCFM Laboratory, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, 510275, China  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, 94551, USA; Source Info: Jan2002, Vol. 388 Issue 1, p75; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10587250215256
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tabet, N.
AU  - Faiz, M.
AU  - Hamdan, N.M.
AU  - Hussain, Z.
T1  - High resolution XPS study of oxide layers grown on Ge substrates
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/01/10/
VL  - 523
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
SN  - 00396028
AB  - High resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze thin layers of germanium oxide grown on germanium substrates under various conditions. The results reveal the presence of high density of electron states located at the oxide/germanium interface that lead to the energy band bending. The surface of native oxide layers and that of thin oxide layer grown under dry oxygen correspond to GeO2 composition. Under Ar etching, lower oxidation states were revealed. Short in situ heat treatment at <f>T=673</f> K under ultrahigh vacuum leads to the removal of the oxide layer. In addition, the analysis of the layer grown at <f>T=653</f> K under dry oxygen suggests that carbides form at the oxide/substrate interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.)
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8668496; Tabet, N. 1; Email Address: natabet@kfupm.edu.sa Faiz, M. 1 Hamdan, N.M. 2 Hussain, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Surface Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 523 Issue 1/2, p68; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arenz, M.
AU  - Stamenkovic, V.
AU  - Schmidt, T.J.
AU  - Wandelt, K.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
AU  - Markovic, N.M.
T1  - The effect of specific chloride adsorption on the electrochemical behavior of ultrathin Pd films deposited on Pt(<f>1 1 1</f>) in acid solution
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/01/10/
VL  - 523
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The electrochemical behavior of thin Pd films supported on a Pt(1 1 1) electrode is investigated by cyclic voltammetry and in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It is demonstrated that in perchloric acid solution underpotential deposition of hydrogen (H<f>upd</f>) and hydroxyl adsorption (OH<f>ad</f>) is in strong competition with the adsorption of Cl<f>−</f> anions, the latter being present as a trace impurity in HClO4. The interaction of Cl<f>−</f> with Pd is rather strong, controlling the adsorption of H<f>upd</f> and OH<f>ad</f> as well as the kinetic rate of CO oxidation. The microscopic insight (the binding sites) of the adsorbed CO (CO<f>ad</f>) and the rate of CO oxidation (established from CO2 production) on Pt(1 1 1) modified with a (sub)monolayer of Pd is elucidated by means of Fourier infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The appearance of both the characteristic Pt(1 1 1)–CO<f>ad</f> and Pt(1 1 1)–1 ML Pd–CO<f>ad</f> stretching bands on a Pt(1 1 1) surface covered by 0.5 ML Pd confirms previous findings that the Pd atoms agglomerate into islands and that the bare Pt areas and the Pd islands behave according to their own surface chemistry. The systematic increase of the Pd surface coverage results in a gradual change in the catalytic properties of Pt(1 1 1)–<f>x</f>Pd electrodes towards CO oxidation, from those characteristic of bare Pt(1 1 1) to those which are characteristic for Pt(1 1 1) covered with 1 ML of Pd. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - Adsorption kinetics
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Electrochemical methods
KW  - Metal–electrolyte interfaces
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Platinum
KW  - Reflection spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8668511; Arenz, M. 1; Email Address: marenz@lbl.gov Stamenkovic, V. 1 Schmidt, T.J. 2 Wandelt, K. 3 Ross, P.N. 1 Markovic, N.M. 1; Email Address: nmmarkovic@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National, Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Paul-Scherrer-Institut, CH-5232 Villingen-PSI, Switzerland  3: Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Wegelerstr. 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 523 Issue 1/2, p199; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–electrolyte interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflection spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDonald, J.
AU  - Velissaris, C.
AU  - Viren, B.
AU  - Diwan, M.
AU  - Erwin, A.R.
AU  - Naples, D.
AU  - Ping, H.
T1  - Ionization chambers for monitoring in high-intensity charged particle beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01/11/
VL  - 496
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Radiation-hard ionization chambers were tested using an intense electron beam from the accelerator test facility at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The detectors were designed to be used as the basic element for monitoring muons in the Main Injector Neutrino beamline at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Measurements of linearity of response, voltage dependence, and the onset of ionization saturation as a function of gap voltage were performed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - IONIZATION chambers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - Ionization chambers
KW  - Radiation hard detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 8762723; McDonald, J. 1; Email Address: jemcdon@pitt.edu Velissaris, C. 2 Viren, B. 3 Diwan, M. 3 Erwin, A.R. 2 Naples, D. 1 Ping, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Allen Hall, 3941 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 496 Issue 2/3, p293; Subject Term: IONIZATION chambers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hard detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eikerling, Michael
AU  - Paddison, Stephen J.
AU  - Pratt, Lawrence R.
AU  - Zawodzinski Jr., Thomas A.
T1  - Defect structure for proton transport in a triflic acid monohydrate solid
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/01/14/
VL  - 368
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The mechanism of proton transport in a trifluoromethane sulfonic acid monohydrate solid is investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics. This system provides a model for proton transfer in minimally hydrated sulfonic acid based polymer electrolyte membranes, materials of technological importance in fuel cells. As a mechanism of proton transport, these simulations identify a defect involving the formation of an <f>H5O2+</f> ion and the re-organization of neighboring sulfonate groups, which share a proton between the oxygen atoms of the anionic sites. The energy of formation of this defect (0.3 eV) agrees with the experimentally determined activation energy for proton transport in minimally hydrated Nafion<f>®</f> of 0.36 eV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON transfer reactions
KW  - SULFONIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 8723770; Eikerling, Michael 1,2 Paddison, Stephen J. 3; Email Address: sjpaddison@netscape.net Pratt, Lawrence R. 4 Zawodzinski Jr., Thomas A. 1,5; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Los Almos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Physik-Department, Technische Universitat Munchen, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Munich, Germany  3: Computational Nanoscience Group, Motorola Inc., Los Alamos Research Park, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  4: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Department of Chemical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 368 Issue 1/2, p108; Subject Term: PROTON transfer reactions; Subject Term: SULFONIC acids; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chandler, Darrell P.
AU  - Jarrell, Ann E.
T1  - Enhanced nucleic acid capture and flow cytometry detection with peptide nucleic acid probes and tunable-surface microparticles
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 312
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
SN  - 00032697
AB  - New methods for automated, direct nucleic acid purification and detection are required for the next generation of unattended environmental monitoring devices. In this study we investigated whether tunable-surface bead chemistry and peptide nucleic acids (PNA) could enhance the recovery and detection of intact rRNA in both test tube and automated suspension array hybridization formats. Intact rRNA was easily captured and detected on PNA-coated Lumavidin beads from 0.1 ng total RNA with a 15-min hybridization in pH 7 buffer, representing <f>1.7×103</f> cell equivalents of total RNA. DNA-conjugated beads in pH 5 hybridization buffer required an overnight hybridization to achieve a detectable signal at 0.1 ng target RNA. Standard DNA hybridization conditions (pH 7) were one order of magnitude less sensitive than the tunable-surface (pH 5) condition. The PNA-conjugated particles were <f>100×</f> more sensitive than the tunable-surface DNA particles in the automated format, with a detection limit of 0.1 ng total RNA. The detection limits for total RNA on PNA-conjugated microparticles is immediately conducive to the detection and characterization of microorganisms in low-biomass environments or to the identification of rare sequences in a complex sample mixture, without using PCR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Biochemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids -- Analysis
KW  - FLOW cytometry
KW  - 16S rRNA
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - Microfluidic
KW  - Peptide nucleic acid
KW  - Renewable surface
KW  - Sequential injection
KW  - Suspension array
N1  - Accession Number: 9114851; Chandler, Darrell P. 1; Email Address: dchandler@anl.gov Jarrell, Ann E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biochip Technology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Analytical Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Blvd., Richland WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 312 Issue 2, p182; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids -- Analysis; Subject Term: FLOW cytometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16S rRNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow cytometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microfluidic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peptide nucleic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suspension array; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, B.V.
AU  - Pellin, M.J.
AU  - Moore, J.F.
AU  - Veryovkin, I.V.
AU  - Savina, M.R.
AU  - Tripa, C.E.
T1  - Estimation of useful yield in surface analysis using single photon ionisation
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 203/204
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), laser sputter neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) and laser desorption photoionisation (LDPI) have been used to investigate the desorption of molecules from self-assembled monolayers of phenylsulphides. LDPI, using an F2 excimer laser to single photon ionise gave the lowest fragmentation. A useful yield greater than 0.5% was found for analysis of diphenyldisulphide self-assembled monolayers. It is shown that using a free electron laser to postionise will lead, in the future, to analysis of many atoms and molecules with useful yields approaching 30%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - PHENYL compounds
KW  - Laser desorption
KW  - Postionisation
KW  - SAM
KW  - SIMS
KW  - Useful yield
N1  - Accession Number: 8793885; King, B.V. 1; Email Address: phbvk@alinga.newcastle.edu.au Pellin, M.J. 2 Moore, J.F. 2 Veryovkin, I.V. 2 Savina, M.R. 2 Tripa, C.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Newcastle, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Callaghan 2308, Australia  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 203/204, p244; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: PHENYL compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Postionisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAM; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Useful yield; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taewoo Kwon
AU  - Jeong Ho Chang
AU  - Eunyee Kwak
AU  - Chang Wook Lee
AU  - Andrzej Joachimiak
AU  - Young Chang Kim
AU  - Jae Woon Lee
AU  - Yunje Cho
T1  - Mechanism of histone lysine methyl transfer revealed by the structure of SET7/9-AdoMet.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
EP  - 303
SN  - 02614189
AB  - The methylation of lysine residues of histones plays a pivotal role in the regulation of chromatin structure and gene expression. Here, we report two crystal structures of SET7/9, a histone methyltransferase (HMTase) that transfers methyl groups to Lys4 of histone H3, in complex with S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) determined at 1.7 and 2.3 Å resolution. The structures reveal an active site consisting of: (i) a binding pocket between the SET domain and a c-SET helix where an AdoMet molecule in an unusual conformation binds; (ii) a narrow substrate-specific channel that only unmethylated lysine residues can access; and (iii) a catalytic tyrosine residue. The methyl group of AdoMet is directed to the narrow channel where a substrate lysine enters from the opposite side. We demonstrate that SET7/9 can transfer two but not three methyl groups to unmodified Lys4 of H3 without substrate dissociation. The unusual features of the SET domain-containing HMTase discriminate between the un- and methylated lysine substrate, and the methylation sites for the histone H3 tail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HISTONES
KW  - BASIC proteins
KW  - LYSINE
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - METHYLATION
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - compact form of AdoMet/9 histone
KW  - helix/SET7/SET domain/substrate-specific channel.
KW  - methyltransferase/post-SET
N1  - Accession Number: 12956333; Taewoo Kwon 1,2 Jeong Ho Chang 1,2 Eunyee Kwak 2 Chang Wook Lee 1,2 Andrzej Joachimiak 3 Young Chang Kim 3 Jae Woon Lee 2 Yunje Cho 1,2; Email Address: Yunje@postech.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: National Creative Research Initiative Center for Structural Biology, Hyo-ja dong, San31, Pohang, KyungBook 79O-784, South Korea.  2: Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Hyo-ja dong, San31, Pohang, KyungBook 79O-784, South Korea.  3: Biosciences Division, Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: 1/15/2003, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p292; Subject Term: HISTONES; Subject Term: BASIC proteins; Subject Term: LYSINE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: METHYLATION; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: compact form of AdoMet/9 histone; Author-Supplied Keyword: helix/SET7/SET domain/substrate-specific channel.; Author-Supplied Keyword: methyltransferase/post-SET; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdg025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fenter, P.
AU  - Park, C.
AU  - Cheng, L.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Krekeler, M.P.S.
AU  - Sturchio, N.C.
T1  - Orthoclase dissolution kinetics probed by in situ X-ray reflectivity: effects of temperature, pH, and crystal orientation
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Initial dissolution kinetics at orthoclase (001) and (010) cleavage surfaces were measured for ∼2 to 7 monolayers as a function of temperature using in situ X-ray reflectivity. The sensitivity of X-ray reflectivity to probe mineral dissolution is discussed, including the applicability of this approach for different dissolution processes and the range of dissolution rates (∼10−12 to 10−6 mol/m2/sec) that can be measured. Measurements were performed at pH 12.9 for the (001) surface and at pH 1.1 for the (001) and (010) surfaces at temperatures between 46 and 83°C. Dissolution at pH 12.9 showed a temperature-invariant process with an apparent activation energy of 65 ± 7 kJ/mol for the (001) cleavage surface consistent with previous powder dissolution results. Dissolution at pH 1.1 of the (001) and (010) surfaces revealed a similar process for both surfaces, with apparent activation energies of 87 ± 7 and 41 ± 7 kJ/mol, respectively, but with systematic differences in the dissolution process as a function of temperature. Longer-term measurements (five monolayers) show that the initial rates reported here at acidic pH are greater than steady-state rates by a factor of 2. Apparent activation energies at acidic pH differ substantially from powder dissolution results for K-feldspar; the present results bracket the value derived from powder dissolution measurements. The difference in apparent activation energies for the (001) and (010) faces at pH 1.1 reveals an anisotropy in dissolution kinetics that depends strongly on temperature. Our results imply a projected ∼25-fold change in the ratio of dissolution rates for the (001) and (010) surfaces between 25 and 90°C. The dissolution rate of the (001) surface is higher than that of the (010) surface above 51°C and is projected to be lower below this temperature. These results indicate clearly that the kinetics and energetics of orthoclase dissolution at acidic pH depend on crystal orientation. This dependence may reflect the different manifestation of the Al-Si ordering between the T1 and T2 tetrahedral sites at these two crystal faces and can be rationalized in terms of recent theoretical models of mineral dissolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
N1  - Accession Number: 8900737; Fenter, P. 1; Email Address: fenter@anl.gov Park, C. 1 Cheng, L. 1 Zhang, Z. 2 Krekeler, M.P.S. 3 Sturchio, N.C. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Univ., Evanston IL 60208, USA  3: Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL 60607, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 67 Issue 2, p197; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vockenhuber, Christof
AU  - Ahmad, Irshad
AU  - Golser, Robin
AU  - Kutschera, Walter
AU  - Liechtenstein, Vitaly
AU  - Priller, Alfred
AU  - Steier, Peter
AU  - Winkler, Stephan
T1  - Accelerator mass spectrometry of heavy long-lived radionuclides
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 223/224
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 713
SN  - 13873806
AB  - This paper describes the upgrade of the Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator (VERA) to a universal facility for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). As a result, it is now possible to measure many long-lived radionuclides at natural abundances across the nuclear chart, from the lightest (<F>10Be</F>) to the heaviest (<F>244Pu</F>). Particular emphasis is placed on measurements to understand the ion optics and the origin of background ions, which ultimately limit the sensitivity. VERA is now ready to venture into the realm of actinides (e.g., <F>236U</F>, <F>244Pu</F>), and other heavy radionuclides (e.g., <F>182Hf</F>), which promise interesting applications in astrophysics and other fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - Accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - Heavy radionuclides
KW  - VERA
N1  - Accession Number: 8578558; Vockenhuber, Christof 1; Email Address: christof.vockenhuber@univie.ac.at Ahmad, Irshad 2 Golser, Robin 1 Kutschera, Walter 1 Liechtenstein, Vitaly 3 Priller, Alfred 1 Steier, Peter 1 Winkler, Stephan 1; Affiliation:  1: Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator, Institute for Isotopic Research and Nuclear Physics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Russian Research Center, “Kurchatov Institute”, Institute of Nuclear Fusion, 123182 Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 223/224 Issue 1-3, p713; Subject Term: ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy radionuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: VERA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shukla, Anil K.
AU  - Futrell, Jean H.
T1  - Dynamics of hyperthermal energy ion–surface collisions: dissociative and non-dissociative scattering of ethanol cations from a self-assembled monolayer surface of fluorinated alkyl thiol on Au (1 1 1)
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 223/224
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 783
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Dissociation and inelastic scattering of ethanol molecular ions from self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surface of fluorinated alkyl thiol on an Au (1 1 1) monocrystal have been studied at 28.9 and 52.9 eV collision energies. A single dynamics mechanism for quasi-inelastic scattering was found at both energies. Ions recoil nearly parallel to the surface with very small kinetic energy losses of the order of ≤2 eV. Dissociation dynamics features for the main dissociation channel, loss of methyl radical, are dramatically different from that of inelastically scattered primary ions and are different at the two collision energies studied. At 28.9 eV two energetically and angularly resolved features are observed, one corresponding to the loss of very large amounts (nearly all) of ion’s translational energy and the other appearing to gain energy (superelastic scattering). This dynamics feature is interpreted as delayed dissociation of ions transmitted through the energy analyzer as molecular ions. This implies a lifetime of such excited ions of more than 5 μs. The same dynamics features are observed at 52.9 eV ion energy except that a second inelastic process begins to compete with the nearly fully inelastic process. Moreover, at this energy the delayed ion dissociation mechanism is the dominant mechanism. The hypothesis that collision of ethanol cations with the SAM surface initially involves collision of the ion with a single end group of the SAM polymer chain provides a useful rationale for the observed dynamics. Support for this hypothesis is provided by Newton diagrams, which summarize momentum conservation relationships in terms of a common center-of-mass, CMeff, which provides a basis for describing scattering mechanisms for this system. Observation of three energetically distinct scattering processes suggests uniquely different ion–surface interactions contributing to surface-induced dissociation of ethanol ions. Preliminary experiments with Ar+ scattered from the same surface exhibit very similar dynamics features to that observed for ethanol cations. Finally, we note that intensities of scattered primary or fragment ions never approach the specular angle at the energies investigated here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - Energy transfer
KW  - Ethanol ions
KW  - Inelastic collisions
KW  - Ion–surface collisions
KW  - Scattering
KW  - Self-assembled monolayer surface
KW  - Surface-induced dissociation
N1  - Accession Number: 8578564; Shukla, Anil K.; Email Address: anil.shukla@pnl.gov Futrell, Jean H. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 223/224 Issue 1-3, p783; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethanol ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion–surface collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled monolayer surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface-induced dissociation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Xinlin
AU  - Baker, D.N.
AU  - Elkington, S.
AU  - Temerin, M.
AU  - Reeves, G.D.
AU  - Belian, R.D.
AU  - Blake, J.B.
AU  - Singer, H.J.
AU  - Peria, W.
AU  - Parks, G.
T1  - Energetic particle injections in the inner magnetosphere as a response to an interplanetary shock
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 65
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 13646826
AB  - The response of the magnetosphere to interplanetary shocks or pressure pulses can result in sudden injections of energetic particles into the inner magnetosphere. On August 26, 1998, an interplanetary shock caused two injections of energetic particles in close succession: one directly from the dayside and the other indirectly from the nightside associated with a sudden magnetic field enhancement induced by the shock''s effect on the magnetotail. The latter injection was different from a typical substorm injection in that the nightside magnetic field at geosynchronous orbit enhanced almost simultaneously over a wide range of local times within <f>10 min</f> after the arrival of the shock. Available observations and our simulations show that like the dayside, the nightside magnetosphere can also inject energetic particles into the inner magnetosphere from a wide local time region in response to a shock impact. The nightside particle injection was due to changes in magnetic and electric fields over a large region of space and thus shows that the magnetic and electric fields in the magnetotail can respond globally to the shock impact. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERE
KW  - UPPER atmosphere
KW  - Drift echoes
KW  - Energetic particle injection
KW  - Geostationary orbit
KW  - Inner magnetosphere
KW  - Interplanetary shock
KW  - Substorm
N1  - Accession Number: 8903714; Li, Xinlin 1; Email Address: lix@lasp.colorado.edu Baker, D.N. 1 Elkington, S. 1 Temerin, M. 2 Reeves, G.D. 3 Belian, R.D. 3 Blake, J.B. 4 Singer, H.J. 5 Peria, W. 6 Parks, G. 6; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, 1234 Innovation Drive, Boulder, CO 80303-7814, USA  2: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D-436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Space Sciences Department, The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, CA 90009-2957, USA  5: Space Environment Center/NOAA, R/E/SE, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303, USA  6: Geophysics Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1650, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 65 Issue 2, p233; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERE; Subject Term: UPPER atmosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drift echoes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energetic particle injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geostationary orbit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inner magnetosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interplanetary shock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substorm; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myong Song, Joon
AU  - Mobley, Joel
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Detection of bacterial pathogen DNA using an integrated complementary metal oxide semiconductor microchip system with capillary array electrophoresis
JO  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 783
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
SN  - 15700232
AB  - In this paper, we show an integrated complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-based microchip system with capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) for the detection of bacterial pathogen amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In order to demonstrate the efficacy of PCR reaction for the heat-labile toxin producing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (E. coli), which causes cholera-like diarrhea, 100 bp DNA ladders were injected along with the PCR product. Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) was used as the separation medium and provided separation resolution which was adequate for the identification of PCR product. The miniaturized integrated CMOS microchip system with CAE has excellent advantages over conventional instrumental systems for analysis of bacterial pathogens such as compactness, low cost, high speed, and multiplex capability. Furthermore, the miniaturized integrated CMOS microchip system should be compatible with a variety of microfabricated devices that aim at more rapid and high-throughput analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)
N1  - Accession Number: 8619857; Myong Song, Joon 1 Mobley, Joel 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 783 Issue 2, p501; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(vinylpyrrolidone); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ünal, Ö.
AU  - Dayal, V.
T1  - Interlaminar shear strength measurement of ceramic composites by asymmetric four point bend shear test
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 340
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Asymmetric four-point bend test is used for the measurement of interlaminar shear strength of ceramic composite. It is shown by finite element analysis that the method provides a reasonably good approximation to a constant shear state in the sample. The use of very small samples makes this method very attractive, especially during the material development stage, when larger samples may be impractical or impossible to fabricate. This technique is also useful when bigger samples would be prohibitively expensive or impractical. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - Composite
KW  - Shear strength
KW  - Test method
N1  - Accession Number: 7918758; Ünal, Ö. 1 Dayal, V. 2; Email Address: vdayal@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Metallurgy and Ceramics Program, Ames Laboratory, 3815 Brookdale Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA  2: Department of Aerospace and Engineering Mechanics, Iowa State University, 2271 Howe Hall, Ames, IA 50011-2271, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 340 Issue 1/2, p170; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test method; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
AU  - Sekhar, J.A.
T1  - Microstructure and properties of MoSi2–MoB and MoSi2–Mo5Si3 molybdenum silicides
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 340
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 09215093
AB  - MoSi2-based intermetallics containing different volume fractions of MoB or Mo5Si3 were fabricated by hot-pressing MoSi2, MoB, and Mo5Si3 powders in vacuum. Both classes of alloys contained approximately 5 vol.% of dispersed silica phase. Additions of MoB or Mo5Si3 caused the average grain size to decrease. The decrease in the grain size was typically accompanied by an increase in flexure strength, a decrease in the room temperature fracture toughness, and a decrease in the hot strength (compressive creep strength) measured around 1200 °C, except when the Mo5Si3 effectively became the major phase. Oxidation measurements on the two classes of alloys were carried out in air. Both classes of alloys were protected from oxidation by an in-situ adherent scale that formed on exposure to high temperature. The scale, although not analyzed in detail, is commonly recognized in MoSi2 containing materials as consisting mostly of SiO2. The MoB containing materials showed an increase in the scale thickness and the cyclic oxidation rate at 1400 °C when compared with pure MoSi2. However, in contrast with the pure MoSi2 material, oxidation at 1400 °C began with a weight loss followed by a weight gain and the formation of the protective silica layer. The Mo5Si3 containing materials experienced substantial initial weight losses followed by regions of small weight changes. Overall, the MoB and Mo5Si3 additions to MoSi2 tended to be detrimental for the mechanical and oxidative properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Intermetallic
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - MoSi2
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Silicide
N1  - Accession Number: 7918768; Schneibel, J.H. 1; Email Address: schneibeljh@ornl.gov Sekhar, J.A. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Divison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Micropyretics Heaters International Inc., 613 Redna Terrace, Cincinnati, OH 45215, USA  3: University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 340 Issue 1/2, p204; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: MoSi2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicide; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, E.
AU  - Avci, E.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - Adhesion properties of MgO–ZrO2 insulation coatings for 5 Tesla HTS coils
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 97
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 09215107
AB  - Self insulating substrate tapes (SIST) is the most promising insulation technique for high temperature MgO–ZrO2 coatings on Ag and AgMg sheathed Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox (Bi-2212) superconducting tapes and wires in applications of HTS/LTS coils and magnets. We have already reported successful results as to the synthesis, characterizations and applications of the insulation coatings using the SIST. In order to provide no electrical short circuit in Jc measurements of HTS/LTS coils, the bonding of the coatings onto the substrate is a very important issue. In this present research, the adhesion properties of high temperature MgO–ZrO2 coatings were scrutinized for different processing parameters. Lap joints were fabricated by laying fresh sol–gel coated silver tape samples over each other and then by heat-treating at temperature range of 500–800 °C for several times in air. These joint samples were pulled to failure by using a mini tensile tester. MgO–ZrO2 was coated on Ag tapes by sol–gel process using Mg and Zr based precursors. The obtained results obviously pointed out that the best Mg precursor is Mg(C5H7O2)·2H2O to prepare solution and there is a strong relationship between film growth and adhesion properties. Also, MgO content in ZrO2 increased its bonding strength. The optimum heat treatment conditions are 600 °C and 15 min for best bonding for these high temperature insulation coatings on HTS tape conductor. The failure mode of all samples was in the form of a mixed type interfacial/cohesive defects in MgO–ZrO2 coating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ADHESION
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - HTS/LTS conductor
KW  - Insulation
KW  - MgO–ZrO2
KW  - Self insulating substrate tapes
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 8723146; Celik, E. 1,2,3; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Avci, E. 4 Hascicek, Y.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  3: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, JFCC, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan  4: Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Esentepe Campus, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54187, Turkey; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ADHESION; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: HTS/LTS conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO–ZrO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self insulating substrate tapes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaatz, F.H.
AU  - Siegal, M.P.
AU  - Overmyer, D.L.
AU  - Provencio, P.P.
AU  - Jackson, J.L.
T1  - Diameter control and emission properties of carbon nanotubes grown using chemical vapor deposition
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: C
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: C
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 23
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 09284931
AB  - We grow multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via thermal chemical vapor deposition from a sputtered 4-nm-thick nickel catalyst film on a tungsten-coated silicon substrate. CNTs grow from a mixture of nitrogen and acetylene gases at temperatures ranging from 630 to 790 °C, resulting in CNT outer diameters of 5–350 nm. CNT diameters increase exponentially with temperature. These results define regimes for template growth fabricated in catalytically active anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) with controlled pinhole sizes ranging from 10 to 50 nm. We measure a threshold electron emission field of 3 V/μm and a field enhancement factor β=5230 on randomly oriented 10-nm diameter CNTs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - Carbon nanotubes
KW  - Electron emission
N1  - Accession Number: 8804693; Kaatz, F.H. 1; Email Address: forrestk@mesalands.edu Siegal, M.P. 2 Overmyer, D.L. 2 Provencio, P.P. 2 Jackson, J.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Mesalands Community College, 911 South 10th Street, Tucumcari, NM 88401, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 23 Issue 1/2, p141; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron emission; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Desnica, U.V.
AU  - Dubcek, P.
AU  - Desnica-Frankovic, I.D.
AU  - Buljan, M.
AU  - Salamon, K.
AU  - Milat, O.
AU  - Bernstorff, S.
AU  - White, C.W.
T1  - GISAXS studies of morphology and size distribution of CdS nanocrystals formed in SiO2 by ion implantation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 200
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) was applied to study the synthesis and size evolution of CdS nanocrystals. CdS was formed in SiO2 substrate by successive multi-energy implantation of constituent elements (three different ion doses) and subsequent thermal annealing (<f>Ta=800</f> or 1000 °C). The analysis of 2D GISAXS patterns with the Guinier plot was compared to the fit results of the local mono-disperse approximation. Results indicate that the applied <f>implantation+annealing</f> procedure resulted in formation of isolated, spherical CdS nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 amorphous matrix, evenly distributed in the substrate in all three dimensions. Nanoparticle average size, size distribution, inter-particle distance and fraction of synthesized atoms were determined. Larger doses induced strong clustering into larger nanoparticles, accompanied with the increase of inter-cluster distance, that indicates the strain-related enhancement of the diffusion of small CdS nanocrystals. Results promote GISAXS as an excellent and nondestructive tool to investigate the role of particular implantation and annealing steps, in term of nanocrystal size, morphology and size distribution of CdS nanocrystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - CdS
KW  - GISAXS
KW  - Implantation
KW  - Nanocrystals
KW  - Quantum dots
KW  - SAXS
N1  - Accession Number: 9154917; Desnica, U.V. 1; Email Address: desnica@rudjer.irb.hr Dubcek, P. 1 Desnica-Frankovic, I.D. 1 Buljan, M. 1 Salamon, K. 2 Milat, O. 2 Bernstorff, S. 3 White, C.W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia  2: Physics Institute, Bijenicka 58, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia  3: Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 km 163,5, 34012 Basovizza, Italy  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 200 Issue 1-4, p191; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdS; Author-Supplied Keyword: GISAXS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum dots; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAXS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fullerton, Eric E.
AU  - Hellwig, O.
AU  - Takano, Kentaro
AU  - Kortright, J.B.
T1  - Soft X-ray magnetic scattering as a probe of recording media
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 200
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 202
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We highlight recent experiments that use magnetic X-ray scattering as a probe of magnetic recording media. Resonant small-angle scattering at the <f>2p</f> levels of <f>3d</f> transition elements strongly enhances scattering from both magnetic and chemical structure of thin films and allows a quantitative determination of the chemical and magnetic grain sizes with nm resolution. The chemical grain size measurements compliments the information determined by transmission electron microscope. However, the ability to measure magnetic correlations in the <f><</f>100 A˚ range is well below the resolution that is currently achievable in most magnetic imaging techniques. Information about length scales in non-magnetic underlayers is also provided by these sensitive scattering measurements by tuning the photon energy to elements that are specific to the underlayer structure. These techniques should continue to provide insight and feedback into the development of future recording media. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 9154920; Fullerton, Eric E. 1; Email Address: eef@almaden.ibm.com Hellwig, O. 1 Takano, Kentaro 1 Kortright, J.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, K63-E3, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 200 Issue 1-4, p202; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: THIN films; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraack, H.
AU  - Deutsch, M.
AU  - Ocko, B.M.
AU  - Pershan, P.S.
T1  - The structure of organic langmuir films on liquid metal surfaces
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 200
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Langmuir films (LFs) on water have long been studied for their interest for basic science and their numerous applications in chemistry, physics, materials science and biology. We present here Å-resolution synchrotron X-ray studies of the structure of stearic acid LFs on a liquid mercury surface. At low coverage, <f>⩾</f>110 Å2/mol, a 2D gas phase of flat-lying molecules is observed. At high coverage, <f>⩽</f>23 Å2/mol, two different hexatic phases of standing-up molecules are observed. At intermediate coverage, <f>52⩽A⩽110</f> Å2/mol, novel single- and double-layered phases of flat-lying molecular dimers are found, exhibiting a 1D in-layer order. Such flat-lying phases were not hitherto observed in any LF. Measurements on LFs of fatty acids of other chain lengths indicate that this structure is generic to chain molecules on mercury, although the existence of some of the flat-lying phases, and the observed phase sequence, depend on the chain length. Organic LFs on Hg, and in particular the new flat-lying phases, should provide a broader nano-structural tunability range for molecular electronic device construction than most solid-supported self-assembled monolayers used at present. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - LIQUID films
KW  - 2D phases
KW  - Langmuir films
KW  - Liquid metals
KW  - Monolayers
KW  - Surface
N1  - Accession Number: 9154956; Kraack, H. 1 Deutsch, M. 1; Email Address: deutsch@mail.biu.ac.il Ocko, B.M. 2 Pershan, P.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Physics Department and Division of Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 200 Issue 1-4, p363; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: LIQUID films; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2D phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Langmuir films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monolayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Je, J.H.
AU  - You, H.
AU  - Cullen, W.G.
AU  - Maroni, V.A.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Rupich, M.W.
AU  - Thieme, C.L.H.
T1  - Microstructure of RE2O3 layers on cube textured Ni substrates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We investigated the structure and alignment of epitaxial Y2O3 and Gd2O3 films on cube textured Ni(0 0 1) substrates and used the findings to develop a general interpretation of the morphology of RE2O3 films (<f>RE=Y</f> or a rare earth element) on cube textured nickel and nickel-based alloys. The [1 0 0] axis of RE2O3 oxides mostly prefers aligning to the Ni[1 1 0] axis, while the [0 0 1] axis is aligned with the Ni[0 0 1] axis. This <f>(2√ of <RCD>2</RCD></rad>×2<rad><RCD>2</RCD>×2√ of <RCD>2</RCD>)R45°</f> extended domain matching (EDM) seems to be favored by a high coincidence site density (CSD) with the Ni(0 0 1) surface atoms, in spite of the existence of large lattice mismatches to Ni(0 0 1). Meanwhile a <f>3×3</f> EDM is not favored on Ni(0 0 1), in spite of the relatively small lattice mismatch to Ni(0 0 1), because of the existence of a low CSD. The broad mosaic distributions of RE2O3(0 0 l) grains (6–9° full-width at half-maximum) indicate that RE2O3 layers prefer growing along the Ni(0 0 1) planes rather than along the Ni surface, a condition presumably induced by the favorable energetics for EDM. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - RARE earth metal alloys
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - Coincidence site density
KW  - Cube textured Ni substrates
KW  - Extended domain matching
KW  - RE2O3/Ni
N1  - Accession Number: 8723802; Je, J.H. 1,2 You, H. 1; Email Address: hyou@anl.gov Cullen, W.G. 1 Maroni, V.A. 1 Ma, B. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Rupich, M.W. 3 Thieme, C.L.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, South Korea  3: American Superconductor, Westborough, MA 01581, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p54; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: RARE earth metal alloys; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coincidence site density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cube textured Ni substrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extended domain matching; Author-Supplied Keyword: RE2O3/Ni; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson, C.J.
AU  - Reichhardt, C.
AU  - Scalettar, R.T.
AU  - Zimányi, G.T.
AU  - Grønbech-Jensen, N.
T1  - Disordering transitions in vortex matter: peak effect and phase diagram
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Using numerical simulations of magnetically interacting vortices in disordered layered superconductors we obtain the static vortex phase diagram as a function of magnetic field and temperature. For increasing field or temperature, we find a transition from ordered straight vortices to disordered decoupled vortices. This transition is associated with a peak effect in the critical current. For samples with increasing disorder strength the field at which the decoupling occurs decreases. Long range, nonlinear interactions in the c-axis are required to observe the effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 8723814; Olson, C.J. 1; Email Address: cjrx@lanl.gov Reichhardt, C. 1 Scalettar, R.T. 2 Zimányi, G.T. 2 Grønbech-Jensen, N. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical and Applied Physics Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-12, MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 384 Issue 1/2, p143; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Makarova, Olga V.
AU  - Mancini, Derrick C.
AU  - Moldovan, Nicolaie
AU  - Divan, Ralu
AU  - Tang, Cha-Mei
AU  - Ryding, David G.
AU  - Lee, Richard H.
T1  - Microfabrication of freestanding metal structures using graphite substrate
JO  - Sensors & Actuators A: Physical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators A: Physical
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 103
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
SN  - 09244247
AB  - A novel method of fabricating freestanding electroformed metal structures using a rigid porous graphite substrate is reported. Polymethylmethacrylate’s adhesion to graphite is much stronger compared with metal-coated silicon or graphite, because of graphite’s high porosity and microroughness. Another advantage of graphite is its easy sacrificial removal by abrasion. Results are presented on the fabrication of high-aspect-ratio freestanding copper grids used as collimators in mammography and medical imaging. The method can be used in the production of micromolds for hot embossing and injection mold fabrication of microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs) and for fabrication of arrays of microparts on pick-and-place carriers for assembly into MEMS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators A: Physical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROFABRICATION
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - Antiscatter grid
KW  - Graphite substrate
KW  - High-aspect-ratio
KW  - LIGA
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Microstructure release
N1  - Accession Number: 8762558; Makarova, Olga V. 1; Email Address: makarova@aps.anl.gov Mancini, Derrick C. 2 Moldovan, Nicolaie 2 Divan, Ralu 2 Tang, Cha-Mei 1 Ryding, David G. 2 Lee, Richard H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Creatv Micro Tech, Inc., Potomac, MD 20854, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 103 Issue 1/2, p182; Subject Term: MICROFABRICATION; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiscatter grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphite substrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-aspect-ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIGA; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure release; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baselt, D.R.
AU  - Fruhberger, B.
AU  - Klaassen, E.
AU  - Cemalovic, S.
AU  - Britton Jr., C.L.
AU  - Patel, S.V.
AU  - Mlsna, T.E.
AU  - McCorkle, D.
AU  - Warmack, B.
T1  - Design and performance of a microcantilever-based hydrogen sensor
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 88
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
SN  - 09254005
AB  - This paper describes the design of, and the effects of basic environmental parameters on, a microelectromechanical (MEMS) hydrogen sensor. The sensor contains an array of 10 micromachined cantilever beams. Each cantilever is 500 μm <F>wide×267</F> μm <F>long×2</F> μm thick and has a capacitance readout capable of measuring cantilever deflection to within 1 nm. A 20-nm-thick coating of 90% palladium–10% nickel bends some of the cantilevers in the presence of hydrogen. The palladium–nickel coatings are deposited in ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) to ensure freedom from a “relaxation” artifact apparently caused by oxidation of the coatings. The sensor consumes 84 mW of power in continuous operation, and can detect hydrogen concentrations between 0.1 and 100% with a roughly linear response between 10 and 90% hydrogen. The response magnitude decreases with increasing temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration, and the response time decreases with increasing temperature and hydrogen concentration. The 0–90% response time of an unheated cantilever to 1% hydrogen in air is about 90 s at 25 °C and 0% humidity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS detectors
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - Cantilever
KW  - Gas sensor
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Palladium
N1  - Accession Number: 8668261; Baselt, D.R. 1; Email Address: dbaselt@graviton.com Fruhberger, B. 1 Klaassen, E. 1,2 Cemalovic, S. 1 Britton Jr., C.L. 3 Patel, S.V. 1 Mlsna, T.E. 1 McCorkle, D. 3 Warmack, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sensors Division, Graviton Inc., 11025 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 200, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA  2: Intel Corp., 3101 Jay Street, Suite 110, Santa Clara, CA 95052, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 88 Issue 2, p120; Subject Term: GAS detectors; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cantilever; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Seong, Maeng Je
AU  - Cheong, Hyeonsik M.
AU  - Ozkan, Esra
AU  - Tracy, Edwin C.
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Effect of crystallinity on electrochromic mechanism of LixWO3 thin films
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 156
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Intercalation of lithium ions in amorphous tungsten oxide films and in monoclinic polycrystalline tungsten oxide films has been studied using electrochemical analyses and Raman spectroscopy. We present direct evidence for W5+ 5d-electron localization in amorphous tungsten oxide films upon lithium ion and electron intercalation by comparing the Raman spectra of amorphous and crystalline tungsten oxide films. We observe that when lithium ions and electrons are inserted into the crystalline tungsten oxide films, the monoclinic structure of the material proceeds to progressively increased symmetry. On the other hand, when lithium ions and electrons are inserted into amorphous tungsten oxide films, the inserted electrons are localized in W5+ sites and polarize their surrounding lattice to form small polarons. The extra Raman peaks due to the W5+&z.sbnd;O single bonds and W5+&z.dbnd6;O double bonds appear at 330 and 450 cm−1, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - TUNGSTEN oxides
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Electrochromic mechanism
KW  - Intercalation
KW  - LixWO3 thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 8622268; Lee, Se-Hee 1; Email Address: slee@nrel.gov Seong, Maeng Je 1 Cheong, Hyeonsik M. 2 Ozkan, Esra 3 Tracy, Edwin C. 1 Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Basic Sciences, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Sogang University, Shinsoo-Dong, Seoul 121-742, South Korea  3: Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 80626, Turkey; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 156 Issue 3/4, p447; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN oxides; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromic mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intercalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: LixWO3 thin films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schoonover, Jon R.
AU  - Dattelbaum, Dana M.
AU  - Osborn, Jill C.
AU  - Bridgewater, Jon S.
AU  - Kenney III, John W.
T1  - Pressure-dependent Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of a poly (ester urethane)
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/01/15/
VL  - 59
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
SN  - 13861425
AB  - The effects of hydrostatic pressure upon (1) a segmented poly (ester urethane), (2) a hydrolytically degraded sample of the same polymer, and (3) models for the polyurethane and polyester segments in this polymer have been studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using high-pressure diamond anvil cells (DACs). The pressure responses of the vibrational frequencies of specific functional groups of the poly (ester urethane) in the 0–100-kbar range are compared with data for individual segment models and the partially degraded sample. The results indicated that the polymer is highly stable in this pressure regime, with no measurable degradation or phase changes. Differences in the pressure dependency of specific infrared bands between the poly (ester urethane) sample and the partially degraded sample are slight and consistent with changes in hydrogen-bonding interactions and shorter chain lengths in the degraded sample. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - POLYESTERS
KW  - URETHANE
KW  - Diamond anvil cell
KW  - FTIR
KW  - Poly (ester urethane)
KW  - Pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 8549686; Schoonover, Jon R. 1; Email Address: schoons@lanl.gov Dattelbaum, Dana M. 1 Osborn, Jill C. 1 Bridgewater, Jon S. 1 Kenney III, John W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Polymers and Coatings Group, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop E549, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Chemical Physics Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Concordia University, Irvine, CA 92612-3299, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 59 Issue 2, p309; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: POLYESTERS; Subject Term: URETHANE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond anvil cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly (ester urethane); Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313110 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rigden, Daniel J.
AU  - Littlejohn, James E.
AU  - Henderson, Keith
AU  - Jedrzejas, Mark J.
T1  - Structures of Phosphate and Trivanadate Complexes of Bacillus stearothermophilus Phosphatase PhoE: Structural and Functional Analysis in the Cofactor-dependent Phosphoglycerate Mutase Superfamily
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/01/17/
VL  - 325
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Bacillus stearothermophilus phosphatase PhoE is a member of the cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase superfamily possessing broad specificity phosphatase activity. Its previous structural determination in complex with glycerol revealed probable bases for its efficient hydrolysis of both large, hydrophobic, and smaller, hydrophilic substrates. Here we report two further structures of PhoE complexes, to higher resolution of diffraction, which yield a better and thorough understanding of its catalytic mechanism. The environment of the phosphate ion in the catalytic site of the first complex strongly suggests an acid–base catalytic function for Glu83. It also reveals how the C-terminal tail ordering is linked to enzyme activation on phosphate binding by a different mechanism to that seen in Escherichia coli phosphoglycerate mutase. The second complex structure with an unusual doubly covalently bound trivanadate shows how covalent modification of the phosphorylable His10 is accompanied by small structural changes, presumably to catalytic advantage.When compared with structures of related proteins in the cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase superfamily, an additional phosphate ligand, Gln22, is observed in PhoE. Functional constraints lead to the corresponding residue being conserved as Gly in fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases and Thr/Ser/Cys in phosphoglycerate mutases. A number of sequence annotation errors in databases are highlighted by this analysis. B. stearothermophilus PhoE is evolutionarily related to a group of enzymes primarily present in Gram-positive bacilli. Even within this group substrate specificity is clearly variable highlighting the difficulties of computational functional annotation in the cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase superfamily. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACILLUS (Bacteria)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - 2,3-BPG, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate 2 or 3-PGA, 2-or 3-phosphoglycerate
KW  - dPGM, cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase
KW  - EG, ethylene glycol
KW  - F26Bpase, fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase
N1  - Accession Number: 8721207; Rigden, Daniel J. 1 Littlejohn, James E. 2 Henderson, Keith 3 Jedrzejas, Mark J. 2; Email Address: mjedrzejas@chori.org; Affiliation:  1: National Centre of Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cenargen/Embrapa, S.A.I.N. Parque Rural, Final W5, Asa Norte, 70770-900 Brasılia, Brazil  2: Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA  3: Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 325 Issue 3, p411; Subject Term: BACILLUS (Bacteria); Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2,3-BPG, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate 2 or 3-PGA, 2-or 3-phosphoglycerate; Author-Supplied Keyword: dPGM, cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase; Author-Supplied Keyword: EG, ethylene glycol; Author-Supplied Keyword: F26Bpase, fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agarwal, H.
AU  - Gokhale, A.M.
AU  - Graham, S.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
T1  - Void growth in 6061-aluminum alloy under triaxial stress state
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/01/20/
VL  - 341
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 09215093
AB  - In numerous metals and alloys, ductile fracture involves void nucleation, growth, and coalescence. In this contribution, void growth has been quantitatively characterized in an extruded 6061-wrought Al-alloy as a function of stress state in notch tensile test specimens. Digital image analysis and Stereology have been used to estimate the volume fraction and three-dimensional number density of voids in a series of interrupted notch tensile test specimens where the local stress state is predominantly triaxial. Finite elements (FE) simulations have been used to compute the stress states at different locations in the specimens. The computed stress states and experimentally estimated average void volume are utilized to verify analytical void growth models. Lack of agreement between the predictions of the models and the experimental data is due to interactions between neighboring voids, which are ignored in the theoretical models, and continuous void nucleation. The following empirical damage evolution equation is obtained from the experimental data on void volume fraction expressed as % (f), and the corresponding local equivalent plastic strain (&epsiv;p) and stress triaxiality (I) computed from FE simulations: f=a+b ln[&epsiv;p]+cI. In this equation, a, b and c are empirical constants whose values depend on the alloy chemistry, heat treatment, and microstructure. The equation is useful only for 6061(T6) Al-alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - METALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Aluminum alloys
KW  - Damage
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - Quantitative metallography
KW  - Void growth
N1  - Accession Number: 7788250; Agarwal, H. 1 Gokhale, A.M. 1; Email Address: arun.gokhale@mse.gatech.edu Graham, S. 2 Horstemeyer, M.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 341 Issue 1/2, p35; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: METALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantitative metallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Void growth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, F.
AU  - Picciolo, J.J.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
T1  - Joining alumina/zirconia ceramics
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/01/20/
VL  - 341
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 158
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Dense compacts consisting of 40 vol.% Al2O3–60 vol.% 3 mol% Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) were joined with an interlayer of 50 vol.% Al2O3–50 vol.% YSZ. A joint was also made at 1200 °C with an interlayer that was 50 vol.% Al2O3–50 vol.% ZrO2, in which the average particle size of both powders was ≤20 nm. The joint materials were applied by aerosol spraying, and thus the technique is suitable for commercial application. Superplastic deformation at 1200–1350 °C required ≤2 h to form fully dense joints in which minimal grain growth occurred. Virtually perfect joints were also made with various other ratios of Al2O3–YSZ. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - Al2O3
KW  - Superplastic
KW  - ZrO2
N1  - Accession Number: 7788264; Goretta, K.C. 1 Gutierrez-Mora, F. 1 Picciolo, J.J. 1 Routbort, J.L.; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 341 Issue 1/2, p158; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superplastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZrO2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brem, R.F.
AU  - Kieper, D.A.
AU  - Rapelyea, J.A.
AU  - Majewski, S.
T1  - Evaluation of a high-resolution, breast-specific, small-field-of-view gamma camera for the detection of breast cancer
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01/21/
VL  - 497
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Purpose: The purpose of our study is to review the state of the art in nuclear medicine imaging of the breast (scintimammography) and to evaluate a novel, high-resolution, breast-specific gamma camera (HRBGC) for the detection of suspicious breast lesions.Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with 58 breast lesions in whom a scintimammogram was clinically indicated were prospectively evaluated with a general-purpose gamma camera and a HRBGC prototype. Nuclear studies were prospectively classified as negative (normal/benign) or positive (suspicious/malignant) by two radiologists, blinded to mammographic and histologic results with both the conventional and high-resolution. All lesions were confirmed by pathology.Results: Included in this study were 30 benign and 28 malignant lesions. The sensitivity for detection of breast cancer was 64.3% (18/28) with the conventional camera and 78.6% (22/28) with the HRBGC. Specificity of both systems was 93.3% (28/30). In the 18 nonpalpable cancers, sensitivity was 55.5% (10/18) and 72.2% (13/18) with the general-purpose camera and HRBGC, respectively. In cancers ≤ 1cm, 7of 15 were detected with the general-purpose camera and 10 of 15 with the HRBGC. Four of the cancers (median size, 8.5 mm) detected with the HRBGC were missed by the conventional cameraConclusion: Evaluation of indeterminate breasts lesions with a high resolution, breast-specific gamma camera results in improved sensitivity for the detection of cancer with greater improvement demonstrated in nonpalpable and ≤1 cm cancers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREAST tumors
KW  - DIAGNOSIS
KW  - Breast neoplasms
KW  - Breast neoplasms, diagnosis
KW  - Breast neoplasms, redionuclide studies
N1  - Accession Number: 9156025; Brem, R.F. 1; Email Address: rbrem@mfa.gwu.edu Kieper, D.A. 2 Rapelyea, J.A. Majewski, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: The Breast Imaging and Interventional Center, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20037, USA  2: Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, USA  3: The Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 1200 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 497 Issue 1, p39; Subject Term: BREAST tumors; Subject Term: DIAGNOSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast neoplasms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast neoplasms, diagnosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast neoplasms, redionuclide studies; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moses, W.W.
AU  - Qi, J.
T1  - Fundamental limits of positron emission mammography
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01/21/
VL  - 497
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We explore the causes of performance limitation in positron emission mammography cameras. We compare two basic camera geometries containing the same volume of 511 keV photon detectors, one with a parallel plane geometry and another with a rectangular geometry. We find that both geometries have similar performance for the phantom imaged (in Monte Carlo simulation), even though the solid angle coverage of the rectangular camera is about 50% higher than the parallel plane camera. The reconstruction algorithm used significantly affects the resulting image; iterative methods significantly outperform the commonly used focal plane tomography. Finally, the characteristics of the tumor itself, specifically the absolute amount of radiotracer taken up by the tumor, will significantly affect the imaging performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - MAMMOGRAMS
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Focal plane tomography
KW  - Iterative reconstruction
KW  - Nuclear medicine instrumentation
KW  - Positron emission mammography
KW  - Positron emission tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 9156032; Moses, W.W.; Email Address: wwmoses@lbl.gov Qi, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail stop 55-121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 497 Issue 1, p82; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: MAMMOGRAMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Focal plane tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iterative reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear medicine instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron emission mammography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron emission tomography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kieper, D.
AU  - Green, T.D.
AU  - Hoefer, R.
AU  - Keppel, C.
AU  - Wymer, D.C.
AU  - Weisenberger, A.G.
AU  - Welch, B.
T1  - Data analysis methods for a small field-of-view combined scintimammography/digital X-ray system in breast lesion management
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01/21/
VL  - 497
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Recently, a multidisciplinary research collaboration began a clinical study employing a dual modality, small field-of-view breast imaging system. The system, comprised of a mini gamma camera and digital X-ray detector, was designed to examine the possible clinical advantages of dual modality breast imaging in the management of patients with suspicious findings (BIRADS 3–5) from a screening mammogram. In addition, dynamic time–resolution studies of radiotracer uptake and washout were evaluated for their value in differentiation of lesion type. This preliminary report focuses on the development and implementation of these techniques and presents patient data as evidence of their effectiveness. The results of this study indicate that applying these techniques may significantly improve the diagnostic value of scintimammography by increasing specificity to 97.7% by differentiation of true positive and false positive lesions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAMMOGRAMS
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - Pixellated scintillator
KW  - Position sensitive photomultiplier
KW  - Scintimammography
N1  - Accession Number: 9156042; Kieper, D. 1; Email Address: kieper@jlab.org Green, T.D. 1 Hoefer, R. 2 Keppel, C. 1,3 Wymer, D.C. 4 Weisenberger, A.G. 3 Welch, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA  2: Oyster Point Surgical Associates, Newport News, VA, USA  3: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA  4: Riverside Diagnostic and Imaging Center, Newport News, VA, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 497 Issue 1, p135; Subject Term: MAMMOGRAMS; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixellated scintillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position sensitive photomultiplier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintimammography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01903-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kieper, D.
AU  - Majewski, S.
AU  - Kross, B.
AU  - Popov, V.
AU  - Weisenberger, A.G.
AU  - Welch, B.
AU  - Wojcik, R.
AU  - Williams, M.B.
AU  - Goode, A.R.
AU  - More, M.
AU  - Zhang, G.
T1  - Optimization of breast imaging procedure with dedicated compact gamma cameras
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/01/21/
VL  - 497
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 168
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Results are presented on studies conducted with various prototypes of a dedicated small field-of-view (SFOV) gamma camera for use in radiopharmaceutical studies of the breast. Since the experience in the clinical use of such instruments is limited, these experiments were conducted to test various clinical imaging implementations. Both planar and tomographic techniques were utilized to image various compressed and noncompressed breast phantoms. Lesion contrast was used to quantify the lesion visibility of each case. The results of this study indicate that lesion contrast is optimized with planar imaging of the compressed breast and that contrast is also dependent on lesion-to-detector distance. Based on these observations, planar imaging conducted with a system comprised of two opposed detectors providing compression to the breast would be optimal. The opposed views would ensure the minimization of lesion-to-detector distance, especially for lesions whose location is not known a-priori. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - MAMMOGRAMS
KW  - Gamma camera
KW  - Pixellated scintillator
KW  - Scintimammography
N1  - Accession Number: 9156047; Kieper, D. 1; Email Address: kieper@jlab.org Majewski, S. 1 Kross, B. 1 Popov, V. 1 Weisenberger, A.G. 1 Welch, B. 1 Wojcik, R. 1 Williams, M.B. 2 Goode, A.R. 2 More, M. 2 Zhang, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 497 Issue 1, p168; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: MAMMOGRAMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma camera; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixellated scintillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintimammography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trivedi, R.
AU  - Jin, F.
AU  - Anderson, I.E.
T1  - Dynamical evolution of microstructure in finely atomized droplets of Al-Si alloys
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/01/22/
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The complex time-dependent evolution of microstructure in rapidly solidified droplets of Al-Si eutectic alloys is quantitatively studied. Fine droplets of the alloy were obtained by using a high pressure gas atomization technique. The recalescence effect within each droplet gives rise to non-steady state growth conditions that lead to a systematic variation in microstructure across the droplet. This variation in microstructure is quantitatively characterized first by determining the nucleation undercooling and then by measuring the spatial variation in microstructural scales within the droplet. The results are compared with theoretical models to obtain the interface velocity and interface undercooling as a function of distance from the apparent nucleation site in different sized droplets. Eutectic, dendritic and cellular microstructures have been observed in droplets and the presence of these different morphologies is explained by constructing a microstructure map for the Al-Si system. The volume fractions of these three microstructures, as well as the length scale of each microstructure, are shown to determine the properties of the material. Specifically, microhardness measurements have been carried out for different diameter droplets, and a minimum in the microhardness is observed that is related to the presence of different microstructures. A microstructure map is developed for the Al-Si system to establish regimes of alloy composition and undercooling (as related to droplet diameter) required for the design of materials with optimum mechanical properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EUTECTIC alloys
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - MICROHARDNESS
KW  - Aluminum alloys
KW  - Atomization
KW  - Eutectic solidification
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Nucleation
N1  - Accession Number: 8927452; Trivedi, R.; Email Address: trivedi@ameslab.gov Jin, F. 1 Anderson, I.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences, Ames Laboratory US DOE and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p289; Subject Term: EUTECTIC alloys; Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: MICROHARDNESS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eutectic solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00226-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, J.
AU  - Barmak, K.
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
T1  - L1o-CoPt/Co bilayer ferromagnetic films: interdiffusion, structure and microstructure
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/01/22/
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Detailed understanding of the connections between nanostructure and magnetic properties is key to the realization of optimal exchange-spring magnets. To this end, x-ray and electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the evolution of phases, microstructure and texture of model exchange-spring bilayers of L10 - CoPt/Co upon annealing at temperatures ranging from 300–550 °C. The work was motivated by previously—detailed changes in the magnetic exchange coupling of the system induced by the annealing treatments . Unannealed CoPt/Co bilayers comprised a <111> fiber-textured L10 CoPt layer and a <0001> fiber-textured Co layer. The Co layer predominantly consisted of the hcp (A3) form, but contained a minority fcc (A1) phase. Annealing the bilayers at low temperatures (300–450 °C) or for short times resulted in a strengthening of the hcp Co <0001> fiber texture and disappearance of the minor fcc phase. By contrast, annealing at higher temperatures (450–550 °C) or for longer times resulted in the interdiffusion of the Co and CoPt layers and the formation of new Co-Pt solid solutions. One of these solid solutions was found to be hcp in structure, while the other was fcc. The amount of the fcc solid solution increased at the expense of the L10 CoPt, hcp Co and hcp Co-Pt solid solution phases as annealing time and temperature were increased. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
N1  - Accession Number: 8927454; Kim, J. 1; Email Address: jihwan@andrew.cmu.edu Barmak, K. 1,2 Lewis, L.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Data Storage Systems Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: Dept. of Materials Science and Eng., Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  3: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p313; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, K.S.
AU  - Suresh, S.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F.
AU  - Horton, J.A.
AU  - Wang, P.
T1  - Deformation of electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/01/22/
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The mechanisms of deformation and damage evolution in electrodeposited, fully dense, nanocrystalline Ni with an average grain size of ~30 nm and a narrow grain size distribution were investigated by recourse to (i) tensile tests performed in situ in the transmission electron microscope and (ii) microscopic observations made at high resolution following ex situ deformation induced by compression, rolling and nanoindentation. Particular attention was also devoted to the characterization of the structure in grain interiors and in the vicinity of grain boundaries at Angstrom-level resolution in the as-deposited material and following compression, and to the real-time video-imaging of the evolution of dislocation activity and damage during deformation; these images are presented in this paper and in the web sites provided as supplementary material to this paper. These observations clearly reveal that dislocation-mediated plasticity plays a dominant role in the deformation of nanocrystalline Ni examined in this study. Fracture surface examination confirms dimpled rupture with the scale of the dimples being several times larger than the grain size. Dislocation emission at grain boundaries together with intragranular slip and unaccommodated grain boundary sliding facilitate the nucleation of voids at boundaries and triple junctions. Individual monocrystal ligaments, formed by the growth/linking of these voids, undergo extensive local plasticity to the extent that many of them neck down to a chisel point. These voids as well as those that may have existed prior to deformation can act as nucleation sites for dimples leading to fracture that does not occur preferentially along grain boundaries. The transmission electron microscopy observations of in situ and ex situ deformed specimens are synthesized to formulate a mechanistic framework that provides new insights into the mechanisms of flow and fracture in nanostructured metals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Dimpled rupture
KW  - Fine structure
KW  - in situ microscopy
KW  - Nanocrystalline metal
N1  - Accession Number: 8927460; Kumar, K.S. 1; Email Address: sharvan_kumar@brown.edu Suresh, S. 1 Chisholm, M.F. 2 Horton, J.A. 2 Wang, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Solid State Division and Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p387; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: NICKEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimpled rupture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: in situ microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline metal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuh, C.A.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Iwasaki, H.
T1  - The effect of solid solution W additions on the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Ni
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/01/22/
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Although pure metals with grain sizes below about 10 nm are very difficult to prepare, alloying enables the realization of finer grain sizes, often down to the amorphous limit. In this work, the role of solid solution additions of ~13 at% W are considered with respect to the structure and mechanical properties of electrodeposited Ni alloys with grain sizes below 10 nm. Structure of the nanocrystalline alloys is analyzed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and related to the mechanical properties assessed by instrumented nanoindentation and nano-scratch experiments. The Ni-W alloys exhibit higher hardness and scratch resistance as compared to the finest pure nanocrystalline Ni alloys, although the contribution of solid solution strengthening from W is expected to be essentially negligible. The improved properties are therefore most likely due to the finer length scale available in multicomponent nanocrystalline alloys, and suggest that alloying may suppress the breakdown of Hall-Petch strengthening to finer grain sizes. Finally, the present data are shown to smoothly bridge the hardness-grain size trend between nanocrystalline Ni (<f>grain size>10</f> nm) and amorphous Ni-based alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Nanocrystalline metals
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Ni-W alloys
KW  - Solid solution alloys
KW  - Wear
N1  - Accession Number: 8927463; Schuh, C.A. 1 Nieh, T.G. 1; Email Address: nieh1@llnl.gov Iwasaki, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  2: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Himeji Institute of Technology, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2201, Japan; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p431; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni-W alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid solution alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00427-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, H.
AU  - Li, S.T.
AU  - Fernandez, F.E.
AU  - Liu, G.K.
T1  - Optical property of Eu in strontium barium niobate optical thin film grown by pulsed laser deposition
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/01/22/
VL  - 424
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Thin films of strontium barium niobate SrxBa1−xNb2O6 (SBN) were successfully fabricated on fused quartz substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The optical and non-linear optical properties were characterized. High-resolution spectroscopic measurements in either time domain or frequency domain were conducted. For undoped SBN thin films, a broad-band emission at UV and extending to the visible was observed by excitation at 355 nm. It is attributed to the exciton luminescence of the SBN host in the film. In degenerate four-wave-mixing (DFWM) measurements, a considerable enhancement of the third order susceptibility χ(3) by 2 orders of magnitude, in transverse alignment was obtained. High-resolution spectroscopic measurements in frequency domain were conducted at the temperatures varying from 270 K down to 2.3 K. The very well resolved fine structure of 5D0–7F multiplet emission was observed in the annealed sample. The hole-burning experiment shows a hole of width 100 MHz with depth as high as 30% with the laser pumping at 5774 A˚. It is suggested that Eu3+ ions may substitute Nb, occupying 6-fold sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - Europium
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Optical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 9009942; Liu, H. 1; Email Address: h_liu@rumac.upr.clu.edu Li, S.T. 2 Fernandez, F.E. 1 Liu, G.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 424 Issue 1, p61; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Europium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berger, Edmond L.
AU  - Bodwin, Geoffrey T.
AU  - Lee, Jungil
T1  - Radiative decay of <f>&Upsi;(nS)</f> into <f>S</f>-wave sbottomonium
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/01/23/
VL  - 552
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A calculation is presented of the radiative decay of the <f>&Upsi;(nS)</f> into a bound state of bottom squarks. Predictions are provided of the branching fraction as a function of the masses of the bottom squark and the gluino. Branching fractions as large as several times <f>10−4</f> are obtained for supersymmetric particle masses in the range suggested by the analysis of bottom-quark production cross sections. Data are shown that limit the range of allowed masses. Forthcoming high-statistics data from the CLEO Collaboration offer possibilities of discovery or significant new bounds on the existence and masses of supersymmetric particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKONIUMS
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - Bottom squark
KW  - Gluino
KW  - Quarkonium
KW  - Upsilon decay
N1  - Accession Number: 8804321; Berger, Edmond L. 1; Email Address: berger@theory.hep.anl.gov Bodwin, Geoffrey T. 1 Lee, Jungil 1; Affiliation:  1: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 552 Issue 3/4, p223; Subject Term: QUARKONIUMS; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bottom squark; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gluino; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quarkonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Upsilon decay; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03127-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lanman, Jason
AU  - Lam, TuKiet T.
AU  - Barnes, Stephen
AU  - Sakalian, Michael
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Prevelige Jr, Peter E.
T1  - Identification of Novel Interactions in HIV-1 Capsid Protein Assembly by High-resolution Mass Spectrometry
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/01/24/
VL  - 325
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The pleomorphic nature of the immature and mature HIV-1 virions has made it difficult to characterize intersubunit interactions using traditional approaches. While the structures of isolated domains are known, the challenge is to identify intersubunit interactions and thereby pack these domains into supramolecular structures. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, we have measured the amide hydrogen exchange protection factors for the soluble capsid protein (CA) and CA assembled in vitro. Comparison of the protection factors as well as chemical crosslinking experiments has led to a map of the subunit/subunit interfaces in the assembled tubes. This analysis provides direct biochemical evidence for the homotypic N domain and C domain interactions proposed from cryo-electron microscopy image reconstruction of CA tubes. Most significantly, we have identified a previously unrecognized intersubunit N domain–C domain interaction. The detection of this interaction reconciles previously discrepant biophysical and genetic data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIRUSES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - CA, capsid
KW  - chemical crosslinking
KW  - DST, disuccinimidyl tartarate
KW  - EM, electron microscopy
KW  - FT-ICR MS
KW  - FT-ICR MS, Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
KW  - H/D exchange, hydrogen/deuterium exchange
KW  - HIV
KW  - HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1
KW  - hydrogen/deuterium exchange
KW  - MA, matrix
KW  - macromolecular complexes
KW  - NC, nucleocapsid
KW  - RSV, Rous sarcoma virus
N1  - Accession Number: 11544197; Lanman, Jason 1 Lam, TuKiet T. 2 Barnes, Stephen 3 Sakalian, Michael 4 Emmett, Mark R. 2,5 Marshall, Alan G. 2,5 Prevelige Jr, Peter E. 1; Email Address: prevelig@uab.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA  3: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Mass Spectrometry Shared Facility, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0024, USA  4: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, USA  5: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310-3706, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 325 Issue 4, p759; Subject Term: VIRUSES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: AMIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: CA, capsid; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical crosslinking; Author-Supplied Keyword: DST, disuccinimidyl tartarate; Author-Supplied Keyword: EM, electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-ICR MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-ICR MS, Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: H/D exchange, hydrogen/deuterium exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen/deuterium exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: MA, matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: macromolecular complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: NC, nucleocapsid; Author-Supplied Keyword: RSV, Rous sarcoma virus; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, X.-M.
AU  - Shen, W.Q.
AU  - Feng, Y.C.
AU  - Zhou, D.C.
T1  - Charmonium dissociation cross sections and <f>p</f>–<f>A</f> collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/01/27/
VL  - 713
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 470
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Charmonium dissociations by nucleons are first studied from a quark–quark potential in combination with quark exchange mechanism. Wave functions of nucleons and charmed baryons involved in dissociation reactions result from a fit to mass splittings of baryons with spins <f><NU>1</NU>/2</fr></f> and <f><fr SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>3</NU>/2</f> and <f><NU>3</NU>/2</f>. Transverse momentum and <f>xF</f> distributions of prompt <f>J/ψ</f> produced in 800 GeV<f>/c</f> <f>p</f>–Be collisions are calculated by using NRQCD <f>dσ/dtˆ</f> for parton–parton scatterings and taking into account initial transverse-momentum distributions of partons inside nucleons. We emphasize that the new dissociation cross sections of <f>J/ψ</f>, <f>ψ′</f> and <f>χcJ</f> give rise to remarkable differences of <f>J/ψ</f>, <f>ψ′</f> and <f>χc</f> suppressions at large negative <f>xF</f> in <f>p</f>–W collisions at <f>√ of sNN</rad>=38.8</f> and 41.6 GeV and <f>p</f>–Au collisions at <f><rad>sNN=38.8</f> and 41.6 GeV and <f>p</f>–Au collisions at <f>√ of sNN=130 GeV</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARMONIUM
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - </f> and <f>χc</f> suppressions
KW  - <f>J/ψ</f>, <f>ψ′
KW  - Charmonium dissociation cross sections
KW  - Proton–nucleus reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 8622590; Xu, X.-M. 1,2; Email Address: xu@mail.phy.ornl.gov Shen, W.Q. 2 Feng, Y.C. 3 Zhou, D.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 6011, MS-6373, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6373, USA  2: Nuclear Physics Division, Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 800204, Shanghai 201800, China  3: Institute of Particle Physics, Hua-Zhong Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 713 Issue 3/4, p470; Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: </f> and <f>χc</f> suppressions; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>J/ψ</f>, <f>ψ′; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charmonium dissociation cross sections; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton–nucleus reactions; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baacke, J.
AU  - Cormier, D.
AU  - de Vega, H.J.
AU  - Heitmann, K.
T1  - Out of equilibrium dynamics of supersymmetry at high energy density
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/01/27/
VL  - 649
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We investigate the out of equilibrium dynamics of global chiral supersymmetry at finite energy density. We concentrate on two specific models. The first is the massive Wess–Zumino model which we study in a self-consistent one-loop approximation. We find that for energy densities above a certain threshold, the fields are driven dynamically to a point in field space at which the fermionic component of the superfield is massless. The state, however, is found to be unstable, indicating a breakdown of the one-loop approximation. To investigate further, we consider an <f>O(N)</f> massive chiral model which is solved exactly in the large <f>N</f> limit. For sufficiently high energy densities, we find that for late times the fields reach a nonperturbative minimum of the effective potential degenerate with the perturbative minimum. This minimum is a true attractor for <f>O(N)</f> invariant states at high energy densities, and this provides a mechanism for determining which of the otherwise degenerate vacua is chosen by the dynamics. The final state for large energy density is a cloud of massless particles (both bosons and fermions) around this new nonperturbative supersymmetric minimum. By introducing boson masses which softly break the supersymmetry, we demonstrate a see-saw mechanism for generating small fermion masses. We discuss some of the cosmological implications of our results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 8762850; Baacke, J. 1 Cormier, D. 2 de Vega, H.J. 3; Email Address: devega@lpthe.jussieu.fr Heitmann, K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Physics, University of Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany  2: Centre for Theoretical Physics, Sussex University, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH, UK  3: Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI) et Denis Diderot (Paris VII), Tour 16, 1er. étage, 4, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France  4: T-8, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 649 Issue 3, p415; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(02)01063-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Haynes, J.A.
AU  - Pint, B.A.
AU  - Wright, I.G.
AU  - Lee, W.Y.
T1  - Martensitic transformation in CVD NiAl and (Ni,Pt)Al bond coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2003/01/30/
VL  - 163/164
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 02578972
AB  - The martensitic phase transformation in single-phase β-NiAl and (Ni,Pt)Al coatings was investigated. After isothermal exposure to 1150 °C for 100 h, the β phase in both types of coatings was transformed to a martensite phase during cooling to room temperature. Martensitic transformation was also observed in the (Ni,Pt)Al bond coat with and without a YSZ top layer after thermal cycling at 1150 °C (700 1-h cycles). The transformation took place due to Al depletion in the coating from the formation of the Al2O3 scale and interdiffusion between the coating and superalloy substrate. The effects of the martensitic transformation on coating surface stability (‘rumpling’) via volume changes during the phase transformation are discussed with regard to TBC failure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MARTENSITIC transformations
KW  - PLATINUM compounds
KW  - NICKEL-aluminum alloys
KW  - Bond coat
KW  - Martensitic transformation
KW  - Platinum aluminide
KW  - Rumpling
KW  - Thermal barrier coating
N1  - Accession Number: 8793618; Zhang, Y. 1; Email Address: yzhang@tntech.edu Haynes, J.A. 2 Pint, B.A. 2 Wright, I.G. 2 Lee, W.Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505-0001, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6063, USA  3: Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Materials Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 163/164, p19; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC transformations; Subject Term: PLATINUM compounds; Subject Term: NICKEL-aluminum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bond coat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensitic transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum aluminide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rumpling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal barrier coating; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nychka, J.A.
AU  - Clarke, D.R.
AU  - Sridharan, S.
AU  - Jordan, E.
AU  - Gell, M.
AU  - Lance, M.J.
AU  - Chunnilall, C.J.
AU  - Smith, I.M.
AU  - Saunders, S.R.J.
AU  - Pillan, R.
AU  - Sergo, V.
AU  - Selçuk, A.
AU  - Atkinson, A.
AU  - Murphy, K.S.
T1  - NDE assessment of TBCs: an interim report of a photo-stimulated luminescence ‘round-robin’ test
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2003/01/30/
VL  - 163/164
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Photo-stimulated luminescence spectroscopy (PSLS) can be used as a non-destructive tool to gain quantitative information about the stress and strain in the thermally grown oxide (TGO) formed beneath a thermal barrier coating (TBC) and possibly assess damage. In response to the increasing popularity of this technique, a ‘round-robin’ test has been initiated to compare methods of luminescence collection using different instruments as well as various spectral analysis methods. The interim results of this ‘round-robin’ are reported here with a series of PSLS measurements and analyses performed at four different laboratories on the same set of electron beam physical vapor deposited (EB-PVD) TBC samples, having undergone various oxidation treatments. In addition, a set of standard electronic spectra (collected from one group) were circulated for analysis in order to compare the curve-fitting methods used by each group. Apart from sample variations, there was very good agreement between the results obtained in the different laboratories, and there were no systematic differences in the data, indicating that present collection and analysis methods are comparable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - AERODYNAMIC heating
KW  - METAL coating
KW  - ‘
KW  - Electronic spectra
KW  - Photo-stimulated luminescence spectroscopy (PSLS)
KW  - Round-robin’ test
N1  - Accession Number: 8793630; Nychka, J.A. 1; Email Address: jnychka@engineering.ucsb.edu Clarke, D.R. 1 Sridharan, S. 2 Jordan, E. 2 Gell, M. 2 Lance, M.J. 3 Chunnilall, C.J. 4 Smith, I.M. 4 Saunders, S.R.J. 4 Pillan, R. 5 Sergo, V. 5 Selçuk, A. 6 Atkinson, A. 6 Murphy, K.S. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5050, USA  2: Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, CN, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068, USA  4: National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK TW11 0LW  5: Dipartimento di Ingegneria dei Materiali e Chimica Applicata, Universita’ di Trieste, Trieste, Italy I-34127  6: Imperial College, London, UK  7: Howmet Castings Corporation, Whitehall, MI 49461-1652, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 163/164, p87; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: AERODYNAMIC heating; Subject Term: METAL coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: ‘; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photo-stimulated luminescence spectroscopy (PSLS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Round-robin’ test; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Monteiro, Othon R.
AU  - Delplancke-Ogletree, Marie-Paule
T1  - Investigation of non-hydrogenated DLC:Si prepared by cathodic arc
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2003/01/30/
VL  - 163/164
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Non-hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (DLC) films (also referred as ta-C) have been extensively studied and are used for a variety of wear related applications. Alloying DLC with refractory metals and other elements have been shown to be promising techniques to overcome some of the problems associated with pure DLC, such as excessive level of intrinsic stresses and high-temperature stability. The microstructure of DLC:Me in general consists of crystalline metal carbides dispersed in a DLC matrix. In contrary, DLC:Si has an amorphous structure. We have used filtered cathodic arc to prepare DLC:Si up to 6% Si, and have characterized their structure and bonding using transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The effect of Si in changing the bonding configuration of the C network is discussed. The microstructure is then correlated to hardness and friction measured by nano-indentation and micro-wear. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Hardenability
KW  - SILICON
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Coefficient of friction
KW  - Diamond-like carbon
KW  - Filtered arc deposition
KW  - Nano-indentation hardness
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8793638; Monteiro, Othon R. 1; Email Address: ormonteiro@lbl.gov Delplancke-Ogletree, Marie-Paule 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail Stop 53-004, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Industrial Chemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/63, Brussels 1050, Belgium; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 163/164, p144; Subject Term: METALS -- Hardenability; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coefficient of friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond-like carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filtered arc deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano-indentation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meng, W.J.
AU  - Zhang, X.D.
AU  - Shi, B.
AU  - Jiang, J.C.
AU  - Rehn, L.E.
AU  - Baldo, P.M.
AU  - Tittsworth, R.C.
T1  - Structure and mechanical properties of Ti–Si–N ceramic nanocomposite coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2003/01/30/
VL  - 163/164
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 02578972
AB  - We have synthesized a series of Ti–Si–N coatings with 0–20 at.% Si by high-density plasma-assisted vapor phase deposition. Composition, structure and atomic short-range order were characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), θ–2θ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of these coatings were characterized by instrumented nanoindentation and compared to those of B1-TiN. Our experiments show that the present series of Ti–Si–N coatings are nanocomposites, consisting of a nm-scale mixture of crystalline titanium nitride (TiN) and amorphous silicon nitride (a-Si:N). The hardness of the present series of Ti–Si–N coatings was found to be less than 32 GPa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM-silicon alloys
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Chemical vapor deposition
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Nanostructured ceramics
KW  - Physical vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 8793655; Meng, W.J. 1; Email Address: wmeng@me.lsu.edu Zhang, X.D. 1 Shi, B. 1 Jiang, J.C. 1 Rehn, L.E. 2 Baldo, P.M. 2 Tittsworth, R.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical Engineering Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 163/164, p251; Subject Term: TITANIUM-silicon alloys; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructured ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physical vapor deposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sánchez-López, J.C.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
AU  - Donnet, C.
AU  - Rojas, T.C.
T1  - Friction-induced structural transformations of diamondlike carbon coatings under various atmospheres
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2003/01/30/
VL  - 163/164
M3  - Article
SP  - 444
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Structural transformations that occur in diamondlike carbon coatings with increasing hydrogen content have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. Friction tests were performed with uncoated steel balls against coated substrates at contact stresses of 1 GPa in ambient air (RH=30–40%), dry air (RH<1%), and dry nitrogen (<1%). The lowest friction coefficient (f<0.02) was obtained for the most hydrogenated sample in dry nitrogen, where the formation of a third-body layer was observed on the steel surface. Raman spectra obtained from the counterfaces after sliding in humid and dry air revealed an increase and narrowing of the ‘D’ and ‘G’ peaks with decreasing humidity. Analysis of peak positions and I(D)/I(G) ratios suggest an increasing order and an enlargement of the sp2 clusters under friction. The shape and position of the carbon K-edge spectra for the transfer layer are affected the same way, although evidence of extended graphite layer formation was not observed. Development of these differing trends was correlated with the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of the gas precursor used during the synthesis and testing environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - DLC
KW  - EELS
KW  - Friction
KW  - Raman
KW  - Testing environment
N1  - Accession Number: 8793683; Sánchez-López, J.C. 1; Email Address: jcslopez@cica.es Erdemir, A. 2 Donnet, C. 3 Rojas, T.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla), Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n, Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  3: Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et Instrumentation, UMR 5516, Université Jean Monnet, 42023 St-Etienne Cedex 2, France; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 163/164, p444; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: DLC; Author-Supplied Keyword: EELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: Testing environment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andersson, J.
AU  - Erck, R.A.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
T1  - Frictional behavior of diamondlike carbon films in vacuum and under varying water vapor pressure
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2003/01/30/
VL  - 163/164
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
SN  - 02578972
AB  - In this study, we investigated the frictional behavior of both hydrogenated and hydrogen-free diamondlike carbon (DLC) films in high vacuum (10−6 Pa) at room temperature. Water was also introduced into the vacuum chamber to elucidate its effects on DLC film tribology. The hydrogen-free DLC (also referred to as tetrahedral amorphous carbon, or ta-C) was produced by an arc-PVD process, and the highly hydrogenated DLC was produced by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition. Tribological measurements of these films were made with a pin-on-disc machine with coated steel balls and coated steel discs in matched pairs under a 1 N load. The ball/disk pairs were rotated at sliding speeds in the range of 0.025–0.075 m/s. In vacuum, the steady-state friction coefficient of ta-C was of the order of 0.6 and the wear was severe, whereas for the highly hydrogenated film, friction was below 0.01, and in an optical microscope no wear could be detected. Adding water vapor to the sliding ta-C system in a vacuum chamber caused friction to decrease monotonically from 0.6 to &ap;0.07. In contrast, adding water vapor to the sliding DLC system caused the friction to increase linearly with pressure from 0.01 to 0.07. The results illustrate the importance of taking into account environmental conditions, especially the presence of water, when DLC films are being considered for a given application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - VAPOR pressure
KW  - CARBON
KW  - Diamondlike carbon
KW  - Hydrogenated carbon film
KW  - Water vapor pressures
N1  - Accession Number: 8793696; Andersson, J. 1 Erck, R.A. 2; Email Address: erck@anl.gov Erdemir, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: The Angstrom Laboratory, Tribomaterials Group, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 163/164, p535; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: VAPOR pressure; Subject Term: CARBON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamondlike carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenated carbon film; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water vapor pressures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, D.I.
AU  - Eichinger, W.E.
AU  - Archuleta, J.
AU  - Hipps, L.
AU  - Kao, J.
AU  - Leclerc, M.Y.
AU  - Neale, C.M.
AU  - Prueger, J.
T1  - Spatial source-area analysis of three-dimensional moisture fields from lidar, eddy covariance, and a footprint model
JO  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
JF  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
Y1  - 2003/01/31/
VL  - 114
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
SN  - 01681923
AB  - The Los Alamos National Laboratory scanning Raman lidar was used to measure the three-dimensional moisture field over a salt cedar canopy. A critical question concerning these measurements is; what are the spatial properties of the source region that contributes to the observed three-dimensional moisture field? Traditional methods used to address footprint properties rely on point sensor time-series data and the assumption of Taylor’s hypothesis to transform temporal data into the spatial domain. In this paper, the analysis of horizontal source-area size is addressed from direct lidar-based spatial analysis of the moisture field, eddy covariance co-spectra, and a dedicated footprint model. The results of these analysis techniques converged on the microscale average source region of between 25 and 75 m under ideal conditions. This work supports the concept that the scanning lidar can be used to map small scale boundary layer processes, including riparian zone moisture fields and fluxes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MOISTURE -- Measurement
KW  - OPTICAL radar
KW  - Latent energy flux
KW  - Spatial source-area analysis
KW  - Three-dimensional moisture
N1  - Accession Number: 8667954; Cooper, D.I. 1; Email Address: dcooper@lanl.gov Eichinger, W.E. 2 Archuleta, J. 1 Hipps, L. 3 Kao, J. 1 Leclerc, M.Y. 4 Neale, C.M. 3 Prueger, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, IA 52242, USA  3: Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA  4: University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA  5: National Soil Tilth Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 114 Issue 3/4, p213; Subject Term: MOISTURE -- Measurement; Subject Term: OPTICAL radar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latent energy flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial source-area analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-dimensional moisture; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, Hongzhen
AU  - Ding, Yi
AU  - Bartlam, Mark
AU  - Sun, Fei
AU  - Le, Yi
AU  - Qin, Xincheng
AU  - Tang, Hong
AU  - Zhang, Rongguang
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Liu, Jinyuan
AU  - Zhao, Nanming
AU  - Rao, Zihe
T1  - Crystal Structure of Tabtoxin Resistance Protein Complexed with Acetyl Coenzyme A Reveals the Mechanism for β-Lactam Acetylation
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/01/31/
VL  - 325
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1019
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Tabtoxin resistance protein (TTR) is an enzyme that renders tabtoxin-producing pathogens, such as Pseudomonas syringae, tolerant to their own phytotoxins. Here, we report the crystal structure of TTR complexed with its natural cofactor, acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA), to 1.55 A˚ resolution. The binary complex forms a characteristic “V” shape for substrate binding and contains the four motifs conserved in the GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) superfamily, which also includes the histone acetyltransferases (HATs). A single-step mechanism is proposed to explain the function of three conserved residues, Glu92, Asp130 and Tyr141, in catalyzing the acetyl group transfer to its substrate. We also report that TTR possesses HAT activity and suggest an evolutionary relationship between TTR and other GNAT members. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETYLTRANSFERASES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GNAT, GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase
KW  - GS, glutamine synthetase
KW  - HAT core, histone acetyltransferase core
KW  - HAT, histone acetyltransferase
KW  - NAT, N-acetyltransferase
KW  - TβL, tabtoxinine-β-lactam
KW  - ttr, tabtoxin resistance gene
KW  - TTR, tabtoxin resistance protein
N1  - Accession Number: 8904224; He, Hongzhen 1 Ding, Yi 1 Bartlam, Mark 1 Sun, Fei 1 Le, Yi 1 Qin, Xincheng 2 Tang, Hong 2 Zhang, Rongguang 3 Joachimiak, Andrzej 3 Liu, Jinyuan 1 Zhao, Nanming 1 Rao, Zihe 1; Email Address: raozh@xtal.tsinghua.edu.cn; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Structural Biology, and MOE Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China  2: The Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China  3: Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4844, USA; Source Info: Jan2003, Vol. 325 Issue 5, p1019; Subject Term: ACETYLTRANSFERASES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: GNAT, GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase; Author-Supplied Keyword: GS, glutamine synthetase; Author-Supplied Keyword: HAT core, histone acetyltransferase core; Author-Supplied Keyword: HAT, histone acetyltransferase; Author-Supplied Keyword: NAT, N-acetyltransferase; Author-Supplied Keyword: TβL, tabtoxinine-β-lactam; Author-Supplied Keyword: ttr, tabtoxin resistance gene; Author-Supplied Keyword: TTR, tabtoxin resistance protein; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - VanRollins, Mike
AU  - VanderNoot, Victoria A.
T1  - Simultaneous resolution of underivatized regioisomers and stereoisomers of arachidonate epoxides by capillary electrophoresis
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 313
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 106
SN  - 00032697
AB  - cis-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and their hydrolysis products (threo-DHETs) have been proposed to be endothelial-dependent hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) which upregulate blood flow when tissue perfusion is impaired. Various EET regioisomers and enantiomers are formed from arachidonate by inducible cytochrome P450 epoxygenase isoforms, and tissue EET profiles may vary with diet, time, and disease. Because EET actions and metabolism may be regio- and stereospecific, convenient methods to measure profiles of EET isomers in tissues are needed. In the current studies, we describe two simple capillary electrophoretic methods for resolving EETs. The first method involves capillary electrophoresis with a mixture of neutral and anionic β-cyclodextrins, which in one step baseline-resolves underivatized EET regioisomers and their enantiomers. Low picogram amounts of EET enantiomers were identified based on migration times and UV spectra. The method was also used to assess the antipode purity of EET standards, and to determine murine hepatic levels of EET enantiomers. The second method involves capillary electrochromatography, which also baseline-resolves underivatized EET and DHET regioisomers in one step. We conclude that in EET assays the major advantages of capillary electrophoresis over reversed-phase HPLC are improved peak efficiency, sensitivity, and resolution, plus precise coelution of deuterated and nondeuterated EETs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Biochemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLODEXTRINS
KW  - CHIRALITY
KW  - β
KW  - -Cyclodextrin
KW  - Capillary electrochromatography
KW  - Capillary zone electrophoresis
KW  - Chirality
KW  - Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases
KW  - Dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET)
KW  - Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET)
KW  - Regioisomers
KW  - Stereoisomers
KW  - Sulfated β-cyclodextrin
N1  - Accession Number: 9011674; VanRollins, Mike 1; Email Address: mike-vanrollins@uiowa.edu VanderNoot, Victoria A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9671, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 313 Issue 1, p106; Subject Term: CYCLODEXTRINS; Subject Term: CHIRALITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: β; Author-Supplied Keyword: -Cyclodextrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary electrochromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary zone electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chirality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET); Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET); Author-Supplied Keyword: Regioisomers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stereoisomers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfated β-cyclodextrin; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Halpern, M.B.
T1  - On the large <f>N</f> limit of conformal field theory
JO  - Annals of Physics
JF  - Annals of Physics
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 303
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
SN  - 00034916
AB  - Following recent advances in large <f>N</f> matrix mechanics, I discuss here the free (Cuntz) algebraic formulation of the large <f>N</f> limit of two-dimensional conformal field theories of chiral adjoint fermions and bosons. One of the central results is a new affine free algebra which describes a large <f>N</f> limit of <f>su(N)</f> affine Lie algebra. Other results include the associated free-algebraic partition functions and characters, a free-algebraic coset construction, free-algebraic construction of <f>osp(1|2)</f>, free-algebraic vertex operator constructions in the large <f>N</f> Bose systems, and a provocative new free-algebraic factorization of the ordinary Koba–Nielsen factor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATRIX mechanics
KW  - BOSONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9193779; Halpern, M.B. 1,2; Email Address: halpern@physics.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 303 Issue 2, p321; Subject Term: MATRIX mechanics; Subject Term: BOSONS; Number of Pages: 38p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-4916(03)00002-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
AU  - Kim, Jae Y.
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
AU  - Pérez, Manuel
AU  - Frenkel, Anatoly I.
T1  - Reduction of CuO in H2: In Situ Time-Resolved XRD Studies.
JO  - Catalysis Letters
JF  - Catalysis Letters
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 85
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 254
SN  - 1011372X
AB  - CuO is used as a catalyst or catalyst precursor in many chemical reactions that involve hydrogen as a reactant or product. A systematic study of the reaction of H2 with pure powders and films of CuO was carried out using in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction (XRD) and surface science techniques. Oxide reduction was observed at atmospheric H2 pressures and elevated temperatures (150-300 °C), but only after an induction period. High temperature or H2 pressure and a large concentration of defects in the oxide substrate lead to a decrease in the magnitude of the induction time. Under normal process conditions, in situ time-resolved XRD shows that Cu1+ is not a stable intermediate in the reduction of CuO. Instead of a sequential reduction (CuO → Cu4O3 → Cu2O → Cu), a direct CuO → Cu transformation occurs. To facilitate the generation of Cu1+ in a catalytic process one can limit the supply of H2 or mix this molecule with molecules that can act as oxidant agents (O2, H2O). The behavior of CuO-based catalysts in the synthesis of methanol and methanol steam reforming is discussed in the light of these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - copper
KW  - copper oxide
KW  - hydrogen
KW  - methanol steam reforming
KW  - methanol synthesis
KW  - reduction of oxides
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 15192474; Rodriguez, José A. 1 Kim, Jae Y. 1 Hanson, Jonathan C. 1 Pérez, Manuel 2 Frenkel, Anatoly I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela  3: Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 85 Issue 3/4, p247; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: OXIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: copper oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: methanol steam reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: methanol synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: reduction of oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Jie
AU  - Kuipers, J.A.M.
T1  - Gas-particle interactions in dense gas-fluidized beds
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 711
SN  - 00092509
AB  - The occurrence of heterogeneous flow structures in gas-particle flows seriously affects gas–solid contacting and transport processes in dense gas-fluidized beds. A computational study, using a discrete particle method based on Molecular Dynamics techniques, has been carried out to explore the mechanisms underlying the formation of heterogeneous flow structures. Based on energy budget analyses, the impact of non-linear drag force on the flow structure formation in gas-fluidized beds has been examined for both ideal particles (elastic collision, without inter-particle friction) and non-ideal particles (inelastic collision, with inter-particle friction). Meanwhile, the separate role of inter-particle inelastic collisions, accounted for in the model via the restitution coefficient (e) and friction coefficient <f>(μ)</f>, has also been studied.It is demonstrated that heterogeneous flow structures exist in systems with both non-ideal particle-particle interaction and ideal particle-particle interaction. The heterogeneous structure in an ideal system, featured with looser packing, is purely caused by the non-linearity of the gas drag: the stronger the non-linearity of the gas drag force with respect to the voidage, the more heterogeneous flow structures develop. A weak dependence of drag on the voidage produces a homogenous flow structure. Collisional dissipation dramatically intensifies the formation of heterogeneous flow structures after the system equilibrium breaks. Quantitative comparisons of flow structures obtained by using various drag correlations in literature will also be reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
KW  - INHOMOGENEOUS materials
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - Discrete particle simulation
KW  - Fluidization
KW  - Gas–solid interaction
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Non-linear drag
KW  - Pattern formation
N1  - Accession Number: 9142634; Li, Jie 1 Kuipers, J.A.M. 2; Email Address: j.a.m.kuipers@ct.utwente.nl; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Div., Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL, 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Twente University, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 58 Issue 3-6, p711; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Subject Term: INHOMOGENEOUS materials; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete particle simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluidization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas–solid interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-linear drag; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pattern formation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2509(02)00599-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanghani, Paresh C.
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Bennett-Lovsey, Riccardo
AU  - Hurley, Thomas D.
AU  - Bosron, W.F.
T1  - Structure–function relationships in human Class III alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde dehydrogenase)
JO  - Chemico-Biological Interactions
JF  - Chemico-Biological Interactions
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 143/144
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
SN  - 00092797
AB  - Human Class III alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), also known as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase plays an important role in the formaldehyde detoxification and reduction of the nitric oxide metabolite s-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). It follows a random bi bi kinetic mechanism and prefers bulkier substrates like long chain primary alcohols and glutathione adducts like s-hydroxymethylglutathione and GSNO over smaller alcohols like ethanol. The structure of the FDH·NAD(H) binary complex reported here, in conjunction with the other complexes of FDH, provide the structural basis of the kinetic observations. These structures show that the apoenzyme has a semi-open domain conformation that permits random random addition of alcohol or NAD(H). Moreover, there is no significant domain movement upon binding of the coenzyme or the substrate, 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid. Interestingly, two active site zinc coordination environments are observed in FDH. In the apoenzyme, the active site zinc is coordinated to Cys44, His66, Cys173 and a water molecule. In the FDH·NAD(H) binary complex reported here, Glu67 is added to the coordination environment of the active site zinc and the distance between the water molecule and zinc is increased. This change in the zinc coordination, brought about by the displacement of zinc of about 2 A˚ towards Glu67 could promote substrate exchange at the active site metal during catalysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemico-Biological Interactions is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOL dehydrogenase
KW  - ZINC
KW  - Catalytic-domain conformation
KW  - Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase
KW  - Zinc coordination
N1  - Accession Number: 9164888; Sanghani, Paresh C. 1 Robinson, Howard 2 Bennett-Lovsey, Riccardo 1 Hurley, Thomas D. 1 Bosron, W.F. 1; Email Address: wbosron@iupui.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive Room 4023A, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5122, USA  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 143/144, p195; Subject Term: ALCOHOL dehydrogenase; Subject Term: ZINC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalytic-domain conformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zinc coordination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2797(02)00203-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Jie
AU  - LeBoeuf, Eugene J.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Gu, Baohua
T1  - Fluorescence spectroscopic studies of natural organic matter fractions
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 639
SN  - 00456535
AB  - Because of the well-known molecular complexity and heterogeneity of natural organic matter (NOM), an aquatic bulk NOM was fractionated into well-defined polyphenolic-rich and carbohydrate-rich subfractions. These fractions were systematically characterized by fluorescence emission, three dimensional excitation-emission matrices, and synchronous-scan excitation spectroscopy in comparison with those of the reference International Humic Substances Society soil humic acid and Suwannee River fulvic acid. Results indicate that fluorescence spectroscopy can be useful to qualitatively differentiate not only NOM compounds from varying origins but also NOM subcomponents with varying compositions and functional properties. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited a much more intense fluorescence and a red shift of peak position in comparison with the carbohydrate-rich NOM-CH fraction. Results also indicate that synchronous excitation spectra were able to provide improved peak resolution and structural signatures such as peak positioning, shift, and intensity among various NOM components as compared with those of the emission and excitation spectra. In particular, the synchronous spectral peak intensity and its red shift in the region of about 450–480 nm may be used to indicate the presence or absence of high molecular weight and polycondensed humic organic components, or the multicomponent nature of NOM or NOM subcomponents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATTER
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - Emission
KW  - Excitation
KW  - Fluorescence spectroscopy
KW  - Humic substances
KW  - Natural organic matter
KW  - Synchronous
N1  - Accession Number: 8575072; Chen, Jie 1 LeBoeuf, Eugene J. 2 Dai, Sheng 3 Gu, Baohua 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Box 1831, Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  3: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, ORNL, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6201, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p639; Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humic substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchronous; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reagana, Matthew T.
AU  - Najm, Habib N.
AU  - Ghanem, Roger G.
AU  - Knio, Omar M.
T1  - Uncertainty quantification in reacting-flow simulations through non-intrusive spectral projection
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 132
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 545
SN  - 00102180
AB  - A spectral formalism has been developed for the “non-intrusive” analysis of parametric uncertainty in reacting-flow systems. In comparison to conventional Monte Carlo analysis, this method quantifies the extent, dependence, and propagation of uncertainty through the model system and allows the correlation of uncertainties in specific parameters to the resulting uncertainty in detailed flame structure. For the homogeneous ignition chemistry of a hydrogen oxidation mechanism in supercritical water, spectral projection enhances existing Monte Carlo methods, adding detailed sensitivity information to uncertainty analysis and relating uncertainty propagation to reaction chemistry. For 1-D premixed flame calculations, the method quantifies the effect of each uncertain parameter on total uncertainty and flame structure, and localizes the effects of specific parameters within the flame itself. In both 0-D and 1-D examples, it is clear that known empirical uncertainties in model parameters may result in large uncertainties in the final output. This has important consequences for the development and evaluation of combustion models. This spectral formalism may be extended to multidimensional systems and can be used to develop more efficient “intrusive” reformulations of the governing equations to build uncertainty analysis directly into reacting flow simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLAME
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Chaos
KW  - Flame
KW  - Polynomial
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Spectral
KW  - Uncertainity
N1  - Accession Number: 9342409; Reagana, Matthew T. 1; Email Address: mtreaga@ca.sandia.gov Najm, Habib N. 1 Ghanem, Roger G. 2 Knio, Omar M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21286-2686, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 132 Issue 3, p545; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flame; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polynomial; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainity; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-2180(02)00503-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Silong
AU  - Molz, Fred J.
AU  - Liu, Hui Hai
T1  - An efficient, three-dimensional, anisotropic, fractional Brownian motion and truncated fractional Levy motion simulation algorithm based on successive random additions
JO  - Computers & Geosciences
JF  - Computers & Geosciences
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
SN  - 00983004
AB  - Fluid flow and solute transport in the subsurface are known to be strongly influenced by the heterogeneity of aquifers. To simulate aquifer properties, such as logarithmic hydraulic conductivity (<f>ln(K)</f>) variations, fractional Brownian motion (fBm) and truncated fractional Levy motion (fLm) were suggested previously. In this paper, an efficient three-dimensional successive random additions (SRA) algorithm is presented to construct spatial <f>ln(K)</f> distributions. A convenient conditioning procedure using the inverse-distance-weighting method as a data interpolator, which forces the generated fBm or truncated fLm realization to go through known data points, is included also. The proposed method coded in the FORTRAN language, and a complementary code for verifying fractal structure in fBm realizations based on dispersional analysis, are validated carefully through numerical tests. These software packages allow one to go beyond the stationary stochastic process hydrology of the 1980s to the new geo-statistics of non-stationary stochastic processes with stationary increments, as embodied by the stochastic fractals fBm, fLm and their associated increments fGn and fLn. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Geosciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BROWNIAN motion processes
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Conditioning
KW  - Fractional Brownian motion
KW  - Fractional levy motion
KW  - Hydraulic conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8620302; Lu, Silong 1; Email Address: slu@geotsansinc.com Molz, Fred J. 1; Email Address: fredi@clemson.edu Liu, Hui Hai 2; Email Address: hhliu@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Engineering and Science Department, Clemson University, 29625 Anderson, SC, USA  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence-Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p15; Subject Term: BROWNIAN motion processes; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractional Brownian motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractional levy motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydraulic conductivity; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
AU  - Walsh, D.S.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Rossi, P.
AU  - McDaniel, F.D.
AU  - Schenkel, T.
AU  - McDonald, J.
AU  - Hamza, A.V.
T1  - Ion-induced emission microscopies
JO  - Current Applied Physics
JF  - Current Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 15671739
AB  - New emission-based MeV nuclear microscopies have been in the process of development for the past four years. These techniques all fall under the heading of ion-induced emission microscopy (I-IEM), and the first to be developed was ion-electron emission microscopy (IEEM). With I-IEM the ion beam is not focused, but instead, secondary particles emitted when a single-ion strikes the sample are projected at great magnification onto a high efficiency single particle detector generating position signals. These <f>X</f> and <f>Y</f> signals are then put into coincidence with other signals made by this same ion in a fashion completely analogous to traditional nuclear microprobe analysis. In this paper, we update the current state of I-IEMs, which currently includes IEEM and highly charged ion-secondary ion mass spectroscopy (HCI-SIMS or IIEM) and ion-photon emission microscopy. At the present time none of these microscopies have atomic resolution, but the potential exists for resolution adequate for many scientific and nanotechnology applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Applied Physics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Emission microscopy
KW  - Nuclear microscopy
KW  - Radiation effects
N1  - Accession Number: 9182954; Doyle, B.L. 1; Email Address: bldoyle@sandia.gov Walsh, D.S. 1 Vizkelethy, G. 1 Rossi, P. 2 McDaniel, F.D. 3 Schenkel, T. 4 McDonald, J. 5 Hamza, A.V. 5; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Org. 1111, P.O. Box 5000, MS-1056, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: On Sabbatical at SNL from the University of Padua and INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy  3: On Sabbatical at SNL from the University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1567-1739(02)00231-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Chao
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hou
T1  - Overview of structural genomics: from structure to function
JO  - Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
SN  - 13675931
AB  - The unprecedented increase in the number of new protein sequences arising from genomics and proteomics highlights directly the need for methods to rapidly and reliably determine the molecular and cellular functions of these proteins. One such approach, structural genomics, aims to delineate the total repertoire of protein folds, thereby providing three-dimensional portraits for all proteins in a living organism and to infer molecular functions of the proteins. The goal of obtaining protein structures on a genomic scale has motivated the development of high-throughput technologies for macromolecular structure determination, which have begun to produce structures at a greater rate than previously possible. These new structures have revealed many unexpected functional and evolution relationships that were hidden at the sequence level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Chemical Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - 6-N-hydroxyaminopurine (HAP)
KW  - flavin adenine nucleotide (FAD)
KW  - inosine triphosphate (ITP)
KW  - nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)
KW  - Protein Data Bank (PDB)
KW  - S-adenosyl-methionine (AdoMet)
N1  - Accession Number: 9699279; Zhang, Chao Kim, Sung-Hou 1; Email Address: shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Calvin Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 7 Issue 1, p28; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 6-N-hydroxyaminopurine (HAP); Author-Supplied Keyword: flavin adenine nucleotide (FAD); Author-Supplied Keyword: inosine triphosphate (ITP); Author-Supplied Keyword: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+); Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein Data Bank (PDB); Author-Supplied Keyword: S-adenosyl-methionine (AdoMet); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1367-5931(02)00015-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corrales, L. René
AU  - Weber, William J.
T1  - State of theory and computer simulations of radiation effects in ceramics
JO  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 13590286
AB  - This article presents opinions based on the presentations and discussions at a Workshop on Theory and Computer Simulations of Radiation Effects in Ceramics held in August 2002 at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA, USA. The workshop was focused on the current state-of-the-art of theory, modeling and simulation of radiation effects in oxide ceramics, directions for future breakthroughs, and creating a close integration with experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10063667; Corrales, L. René 1; Email Address: rene.corrales@pnl.gov Weber, William J.; Email Address: bill.weber@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-93, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 7 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-0286(03)00016-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scholl, Andreas
T1  - Applications of photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) in magnetism research
JO  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 13590286
AB  - This paper reviews the application of X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) to problems in modern magnetism. In particular, the ability to determine the magnetic domain structure of antiferromagnetic thin films will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
N1  - Accession Number: 10063671; Scholl, Andreas 1; Email Address: a_scholl@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 7 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-0286(03)00003-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yong-Liang Yang
AU  - Kusakabe, Masashi
AU  - Southon, John R.
T1  - [sup 10]Be profiles in the East China Sea and the Okinawa Trough.
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 50
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 351
SN  - 09670645
AB  - Dissolved beryllium-10 concentration profiles in sea water of the East China Sea and the Okinawa Trough in 1993 autumn and 1994 summer have been investigated. The results show that robe concentrations in this area are mainly controlled by surface biological productivity, particle remineralization, and the degree of mixing with the Yangtze River and the Kuroshio waters. During the sampling periods (summer and autumn), the East China Sea was well stratified. Generally, the [sup 10]Be water depth profiles can be divided into three layers: the surface mixed layer, the particulate [sup 10]Be regeneration layer, and the bottom layer. Surface water robe concentrations increase gradually towards the Kuroshio and increase sharply at the edge of the Kuroshio Current. Vertical distributions of [sup 10]Be show that in the summer robe is enriched in the bottom water near the Yangtze River estuary and the bottom water in the middle of the continental shelf. The two enriched areas are separated, probably by an intrusion of the Continental Coastal Water. In the autumn, [sup 10]Be bottom enrichment only occurred in the western part of the East China Sea. This phenomenon is consistent with the seasonal circulation pattern change of currents induced by monsoon winds. The influence on robe by the Kuroshio branch intrusion in the southern East China Sea northeast of Taiwan may be more significant than the Kuroshio main flow. Simple box model results indicate that [sup 10]Be input from the Kuroshio Current is more important than Yangtze River input and atmospheric precipitation. About 81% of [sup 10]Be input to the East China Sea is scavenged into the sediments and 19% of [sup 10]Be flows out of the East China Sea by currents and water exchange. The [sup 10]Be sedimentation flux in the East China Sea is nearly five times of the average global robe production rate, suggesting that the East China Sea is an important sink for [sup 10]Be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Biological productivity
KW  - East China Sea
N1  - Accession Number: 10739599; Yong-Liang Yang 1,2; Kusakabe, Masashi 1,3; Email Address: masashi@nirs.go.jp; Southon, John R. 4; Affiliations: 1: Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, Japan; 2: Department of Environmental Science, Qingdao University, Republic of China; 3: Nakaminato Laboratory, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Japan; 4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 50 Issue 2, p339; Thesaurus Term: Beryllium; Thesaurus Term: Biological productivity; Subject: East China Sea; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 13 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vine, Edward
AU  - Kats, Gregory
AU  - Sathaye, Jayant
AU  - Joshi, Hemant
T1  - International greenhouse gas trading programs: a discussion of measurement and accounting issues
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 03014215
AB  - There is general scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and that this results from human activities, primarily burning fossil fuels. There is also a growing international consensus that the most cost-effective way to slow global warming is to establish international climate change trading programs that let institutions sell greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions in an international trading program. A well designed international GHG trading program could save billions or tens of billions of dollars and could result in a more rapid transfer of cleaner, more modern energy generating, transmitting and using technologies to developing nations. Establishing an international GHG trading program will require the development of international consensus rules on how to value and credit investments, for example in energy efficiency, that result in reduced emissions of greenhouse gases. Such a program would require the development of an international technical agreement on how to value emissions reductions attributed to energy-efficiency investments that reflect realistic estimates of future energy savings—and emissions reductions—that come from those investments. This paper examines five possible approaches for valuing energy savings which might serve as the basis for an international agreement, discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, and discusses lessons learned from conducting this evaluation process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Discounting
KW  - Energy efficiency measurement and verification
KW  - Greenhouse gas trading
KW  - IPMVP
N1  - Accession Number: 8548101; Vine, Edward 1; Email Address: elvine@lbl.gov; Kats, Gregory 2; Sathaye, Jayant 3; Joshi, Hemant 4; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technical Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Building 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-2000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 2: Capital E, Washington, DC, USA; 3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; 4: Credit Rating Information Services of India, Ltd., India; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p211; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discounting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency measurement and verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse gas trading; Author-Supplied Keyword: IPMVP; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, Evan
T1  - Risk transfer via energy-savings insurance
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Among the key barriers to investment in energy efficiency are uncertainties about attaining projected energy savings and potential disputes over stipulated savings. The fields of energy management and risk management are thus intertwined. While many technical methods have emerged to manage performance risks (e.g. building diagnostics and commissioning), financial methods are less developed in the energy management arena than in other segments of the economy. Energy-savings insurance (ESI)—formal insurance of predicted energy savings—transfers and spreads both types of risk over a larger pool of energy efficiency projects and reduces barriers to market entry of smaller energy service firms who lack sufficiently strong balance sheets to self-insure the savings. ESI encourages those implementing energy-saving projects to go beyond standard measures and thereby achieve more significant levels of energy savings. Insurance providers are proponents of improved savings measurement and verification techniques, as well as maintenance, thereby contributing to national energy-saving objectives. If properly applied, ESI can potentially reduce the net cost of energy-saving projects by reducing the interest rates charged by lenders, and by increasing the level of savings through quality control. Governmental agencies have been pioneers in the use of ESI and could continue to play a role. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Insurance
KW  - Risk management
N1  - Accession Number: 8548105; Mills, Evan 1; Email Address: emills@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p273; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insurance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cushman, Robert M.
T1  - Additivity of State Inventories of Greenhouse-Gas Emissions.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 0292
EP  - 0300
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - In addition to national inventories of emissions of greenhouse gases, there are inventories for most, but not all, states constituting the United States. This paper analyzes the state inventories to see if reported emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are additive. Considerable reanalysis of the state inventories is required before they can be added to yield a larger-scale inventory. Some specific sources were considered by some states but not by others. Estimation techniques evolved over time as inventories were produced, and there are instances of both double-counting (two states reporting the same emission) and omission (neither state reporting the same emission), where interstate transfers of energy or materials occurred. Nevertheless, the inventories, when adjusted for obvious double-counting or omissions, are probably approximately additive, although it is difficult to quantify the extent to which this is true. Email: cushmanrm@ornl.gov --> [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Methane
KW  - United States
KW  - Carbon dioxide; Emission inventories; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 15311388; Cushman, Robert M. 1; Email Address: cushmanrm@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p0292; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Nitrous oxide; Thesaurus Term: Methane; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Emission inventories; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 007/s00267-002-2701 -z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carena, M.
AU  - Heinemeyer, S.
AU  - C.E.M. Wagner
AU  - Weiglein, G.
T1  - Suggestions for benchmark scenarios for MSSM Higgs boson searches at hadron colliders.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
EP  - 607
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The Higgs boson search has shifted from LEP2 to the Tevatron and will subsequently move to the LHC. Due to the different initial states, the Higgs production and decay channels relevant for Higgs boson searches are different at hadron colliders compared to LEP2. We suggest new benchmark scenarios for the MSSM Higgs boson search at hadron colliders that exemplify the phenomenology of different parts of the MSSM parameter space. Besides the mhmax scenario and the no-mixing scenario used in the LEP2 Higgs boson searches, we propose two new scenarios. In one scenario the main production channel at the LHC, gg → h, is suppressed over a wide part of the MA-tan Β-plane. In the other scenario, important Higgs decay channels at the Tevatron and at the LHC, h → bb and h → τ+τ- can be suppressed. All scenarios fulfill the LEP2 constraints for nearly the whole MA-tan Β-plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RENORMALIZATION group
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15179638; Carena, M. 1 Heinemeyer, S. 2 C.E.M. Wagner 3,4 Weiglein, G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA  2: Institut für theoretische Elementarteilchenphysik, LMU München, Theresienstr. 37, 80333 München, Germany  3: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA  5: Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p601; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RENORMALIZATION group; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 07p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunford, Nurhan T.
AU  - Teel, Jeff A.
AU  - King, Jerry W.
T1  - A continuous countercurrent supercritical fluid deacidification process for phytosterol ester fortification in rice bran oil&star;<fn id="fn1"><no>&star;</no>The experimental part of this study was completed during N.T. Dunford's tenure at the National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (NCAUR). Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the products and the exclusion of other that may also be suitable.</fn>
JO  - Food Research International
JF  - Food Research International
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 09639969
AB  - This study examines the potential of a continuous countercurrent supercritical carbon dioxide fractionation technique for deacidification of crude rice bran oil. A pilot scale packed column was utilized for the experiments. It was shown that fractionation at low pressure, 138 Bar, and high temperature, 80 °C, effectively removed free fatty acids from crude rice bran oil without any oryzanol loss in the extract fraction. Oryzanol content of the raffinate fraction was three times higher than that of the feed material. Phytosterol fatty acid ester content of the raffinate fraction was also increased during the deacidification process, however the enrichment of these moieties was not as high as that found for oryzanol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Food Research International is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FURFURAL
KW  - FOOD conservation
KW  - Continuous countercurrent processing
KW  - Deacidification
KW  - Fractionation
KW  - Phytosterols
KW  - Supercritical carbon dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 8791999; Dunford, Nurhan T. 1; Email Address: dunford@okstate.edu Teel, Jeff A. 2 King, Jerry W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oklahoma State University, Department Of Plant and Soil Sciences, and Food and Agricultural Products Research and Technology Center, FAPC Room 103, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA  2: New Crops and Processing Technology Unit, National Center For Agricultural Utilization Research/USDA/ARS, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA  3: Supercritical Fluid Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Mail Stop E-537, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 36 Issue 2, p175; Subject Term: FURFURAL; Subject Term: FOOD conservation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuous countercurrent processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deacidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phytosterols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercritical carbon dioxide; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jardin, S.C.
AU  - Kessel, C.E.
AU  - Menard, J.
AU  - Mau, T.K.
AU  - Miller, R.
AU  - Najmabadi, F.
AU  - Chan, V.S.
AU  - Lao, L.L.
AU  - Linliu, Y.R.
AU  - Miller, R.L.
AU  - Petrie, T.
AU  - Politzer, P.A.
AU  - Turnbull, A.D.
T1  - Physics basis for a spherical torus power plant
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 65
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The spherical torus, or low-aspect-ratio tokamak, is considered as the basis for a fusion power plant. A special class of wall-stabilized high-β high-bootstrap fraction low-aspect-ratio tokamak equilibrium are analyzed with respect to MHD stability, bootstrap current and external current drive, poloidal field system requirements, power and particle exhaust and plasma operating regime. Overall systems optimization leads to a choice of aspect ratio A=1.6, plasma elongation κ=3.4, and triangularity δ=0.64. The design value for the plasma toroidal β is 50%, corresponding to βN=7.4, (based on the toroidal β, not the total β) which is 10% below the ideal stability limit. The bootstrap fraction of 99% greatly alleviates the current drive requirements, with tangential neutral beam injection mainly for profile control and rotation drive. The design is such that 45% of the thermal power is radiated in the plasma by Bremstrahlung and trace Krypton, with Neon in the scrapeoff layer radiating the remainder. The scarcity of spherical torus experimental data caused the design to be based largely on theoretical predictions, some of which may turn out to be overly optimistic. This highlights the need for a strong experimental research program in this area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - Fusion power plant
KW  - Low-aspect-ratio tokamak
KW  - Plasma operating regime
N1  - Accession Number: 9052572; Jardin, S.C. 1; Email Address: jardin@pppl.gov Kessel, C.E. 1 Menard, J. 1 Mau, T.K. 2 Miller, R. 2 Najmabadi, F. 2 Chan, V.S. 3 Lao, L.L. 3 Linliu, Y.R. 3 Miller, R.L. 3 Petrie, T. 3 Politzer, P.A. 3 Turnbull, A.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, James Forrestal Campus, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: Fusion Energy Research Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA 92093, USA  3: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 65 Issue 2, p165; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion power plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-aspect-ratio tokamak; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma operating regime; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tillack, M.S.
AU  - Wang, X.R.
AU  - Pulsifer, J.
AU  - Malang, S.
AU  - Sze, D.K.
AU  - Billone, M.
AU  - Sviatoslavsky, I.
T1  - Fusion power core engineering for the ARIES-ST power plant
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 65
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
SN  - 09203796
AB  - ARIES-ST is a 1000 MWe fusion power plant based on a low aspect ratio ‘spherical torus’ (ST) plasma. The ARIES-ST power core was designed to accommodate the unique features of an ST power plant, to meet the top-level requirements of an attractive fusion energy source, and to minimize extrapolation from the fusion technology database under development throughout the world. The result is an advanced helium-cooled ferritic steel blanket with flowing PbLi breeder and tungsten plasma-interactive components. Design improvements, such as the use of SiC inserts in the blanket to extend the outlet coolant temperature range were explored and the results are reported here. In the final design point, the power and particle loads found in ARIES-ST are relatively similar to other advanced tokamak power plants (e.g. ARIES-RS [Fusion Eng. Des. 38 (1997) 3; Fusion Eng. Des. 38 (1997) 87]) such that exotic technologies were not required in order to satisfy all of the design criteria. Najmabadi and the ARIES Team [Fusion Eng. Des. (this issue)] provide an overview of ARIES-ST design. In this article, the details of the power core design are presented together with analysis of the thermal–hydraulic, thermomechanical and materials behavior of in-vessel components. Detailed engineering analysis of ARIES-ST TF and PF systems, nuclear analysis, and safety are given in the companion papers . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - Advanced tokamak
KW  - ARIES-ST power plant
KW  - Spherical torus
N1  - Accession Number: 9052574; Tillack, M.S. 1; Email Address: tillack@fusion.ucsd.edu Wang, X.R. 1 Pulsifer, J. 1 Malang, S. 2 Sze, D.K. 3 Billone, M. 3 Sviatoslavsky, I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Energy Research Program, University of California, 460 EBUII, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0417, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  4: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 65 Issue 2, p215; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced tokamak; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARIES-ST power plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical torus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 47p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khater, H.Y.
AU  - Mogahed, E.A.
AU  - Sze, D.K.
AU  - Tillack, M.S.
AU  - Wang, X.R.
T1  - ARIES-ST safety design and analysis
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 65
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Activation and safety analyses were performed for the ARIES-ST design. The ARIES-ST power plant includes a water-cooled copper centerpost. The first wall and shield are made of low activation ferritic steel and cooled with helium. The blanket is also made of ferritic steel with SiC inserts and Li17Pb83 breeder. The divertor plate is made of low activation ferritic steel and uses a tungsten brush as plasma facing component. The power plant has a lifetime of 40 full power years (FPY). However, the centerpost, first wall, inboard shield and blanket were assumed to be replaced every 2.86 FPY. Neutron transmutation of copper resulted in the production of several nickel, cobalt and zinc isotopes. The production of these isotopes resulted in an increase of the time-space average electrical resistivity of the centerpost by about 6% after 2.86 FPY. All of the plant components met the limits for disposal as Class C low-level waste. The off-site doses produced at the onset of an accident are caused by the mobilization of the radioactive inventory present in the plant. Analysis of a loss of coolant accident (LOCA) indicated that the centerpost would reach a maximum temperature of about 1000 °C during the accident. In the meantime, the first wall and shield would reach a maximum temperature of about 800 °C. A similar divertor LOCA analysis indicated that the front tungsten layer would also reach a maximum temperature of about 800 °C. The calculated temperature profiles and available oxidation-driven volatility experimental data were used to calculate the dose at the site boundary under conservative release conditions. The current design produces an effective whole body early dose of 1.88 mSv at the site boundary. In addition, a divertor disruption would only produce an effective whole body early dose of 7.68 μSv at the site boundary. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION -- Safety measures
KW  - FERRITIC steel
N1  - Accession Number: 9052576; Khater, H.Y. 1; Email Address: khater@slac.stanford.edu Mogahed, E.A. 1 Sze, D.K. 2 Tillack, M.S. 3 Wang, X.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Technology Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  3: Fusion Energy Research Program, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 65 Issue 2, p285; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Safety measures; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reiersen, W.
AU  - Dahlgren, F.
AU  - Fan, H.-M.
AU  - Neumeyer, C.
AU  - Zatz, I.
T1  - The toroidal field coil design for ARIES-ST
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 65
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 09203796
AB  - An evolutionary process was used to develop the toroidal field (TF) coil design for the ARIES-spherical torus (ST). Design considerations included fabricability, assembly, maintenance, energy efficiency, and structural robustness. Design options were identified early in the process. Trade studies were carried out to identify preferred choices. Design points were re-optimized based on the design choices in the TF and other systems. An attractive design for the ARIES-ST TF coil system evolved. This design addresses a number of the concerns (complexity) and criticisms (high cost, high recirculating power) of fusion. It does this by: applying advanced, but available laser forming and spray casting techniques for manufacturing the TF coil system; adopting a simple single turn TF coil system to make assembly and maintenance much easier. The single turn design avoids the necessity of using the insulation as a structural component of the TF coils, and hence, is much more robust than multi-turn designs; using a high conductivity copper alloy and modest current densities to keep the recirculating power modest. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - EMBRITTLEMENT
KW  - ARIES-ST
KW  - Embrittlement
KW  - Toroidal field
N1  - Accession Number: 9052577; Reiersen, W.; Email Address: reiersen@pppl.gov Dahlgren, F. 1 Fan, H.-M. 1 Neumeyer, C. 1 Zatz, I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, James Forrestal Campus, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 65 Issue 2, p303; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: EMBRITTLEMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARIES-ST; Author-Supplied Keyword: Embrittlement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toroidal field; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bromberg, Leslie
AU  - Pourrahimi, S.
AU  - Schultz, J.H.
AU  - Titus, P.
AU  - Jardin, S.
AU  - Kessel, C.
AU  - Reiersen, W.
T1  - Superconducting poloidal field magnet engineering for the ARIES-ST
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 65
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The critical issues of the poloidal systems for the ARIES-ST design have been presented in this paper. Because of the large plasma current and the need of highly shaped plasmas, the poloidal field (PF) coils should be located inside the toroidal field in order to reduce their current. Even then, the divertor coils carry large currents. The ARIES-ST PF coils are superconducting using the internally cooled cable-in-conduit conductor. The peak self field in the divertor coils is about 15 T and the highest field in the non-divertor coils is about 6 T. The PF magnets have built-in margins that are sufficient to survive disruptions without quenching. The costing study indicates that the specific cost of the PF system is $80/kg. Detailed design and trade-off studies of ARIES-ST are presented and remaining R&D issues are identified. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Plasma current
KW  - Poloidal field systems
KW  - Toroidal field
N1  - Accession Number: 9052578; Bromberg, Leslie 1 Pourrahimi, S. 1 Schultz, J.H. 1 Titus, P. 1 Jardin, S. 2 Kessel, C. 2 Reiersen, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Building NW16-102, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Plainsboro, NJ, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 65 Issue 2, p323; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poloidal field systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toroidal field; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albright, Brian J.
AU  - Winske, Dan
AU  - Lemons, Don S.
AU  - Daughton, William
AU  - Jones, Michael E.
T1  - Quiet Direct Simulation of Coulomb Collisions.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/02//Feb2003 Part 1
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 24
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Quiet direct simulation Monte Carlo (QDSMC) is a new particle simulation technique that is applicable to a broad range of applications where the underlying system dynamics obey Fokker Planck equations. These include hydrodynamics, radiation transport, magnetohydrodynamics, diffusion, and collisional kinetic plasmas. At the beginning of each time step in QDSMC, the weights and abscissas of Gaussian-Hermite quadrature are used to deterministically create particles to sample the random process. At the end of the time step, particles are gathered to the computational mesh to obtain updated distributions of conserved quantities on the mesh and then the particles are destroyed. The creation and destruction of particles allows arbitrary dynamical range to be accessed quiescently with only a small number of particles per computational cell. The application of QDSMC to the simulation of Coulomb collisions is considered in this report, and the method is demonstrated on problems involving the collisional relaxation of non-Maxwellian distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COULOMB functions
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - FOKKER-Planck equation
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
KW  - Coulomb collisions
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation.
N1  - Accession Number: 23320922; Albright, Brian J. 1; Email Address: balbright@lanl.gov Winske, Dan 1 Lemons, Don S. 1 Daughton, William 1 Jones, Michael E.; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Group, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Feb2003 Part 1, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: FOKKER-Planck equation; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulomb collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.808886
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mueller, D.
AU  - Ono, M.
AU  - Bell, M. G.
AU  - Bell, R. E.
AU  - Bitter, M.
AU  - Bourdelle, C.
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
AU  - Efthimion, P. C.
AU  - Fredrickson, E. D.
AU  - Gates, D. A.
AU  - Goldston, R. J.
AU  - Grisham, L. R.
AU  - Hawryluk, R. J.
AU  - Hill, K. W.
AU  - Hosea, J. C.
AU  - Jardin, S. C.
AU  - Ji, H.
AU  - Kaye, S. M.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Kugel, H. W.
T1  - Results of NSTX Heating Experiments.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/02//Feb2003 Part 1
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 67
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, is designed to assess the potential of the low-aspect-ratio spherical torus concept for magnetic plasma confinement. The plasma has been heated by up to 7 MW of neutral beam injection (NBI) at an injection energy of 100 keV and up to 6 MW of high harmonic fast wave (HHFW) at 30 MHz. NSTX has achieved βT of 32%. A variety of MHD phenomena have been observed to limit β. NSTX has now begun addressing TE scaling, β limits, and current drive issues. During the NBI heating experiments, a broad Ti profile with Ti up to 2 keV, Ti > Te and a large toroidal rotation were observed. Transport analysis suggests that the impurity ions have diffusivities approaching neoclassical. For L-Mode plasmas, TE is up to two times the ITER97L L-Mode scaling and exceeds the ITER98pby2 H-Mode scaling in some cases. Transitions to H-Mode have been observed which result in an approximate doubling of TE after the transition in some conditions. During HHFW heating, Te > Ti and Te up to 3.5 keV were observed. Current drive has been studied using both coaxial helicity injection with up to 390 kA of toroidal current and HHFW. HHFW has produced H-modes with significant bootstrap current fraction at low Ip, high q, and high βp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - Fusion reactors
KW  - plasma confinement
KW  - tokamaks.
N1  - Accession Number: 23320927; Mueller, D. 1; Email Address: dmueller@pppl.gov Ono, M. 1 Bell, M. G. 1 Bell, R. E. 1 Bitter, M. 1 Bourdelle, C. 2 Darrow, D. S. 1 Efthimion, P. C. 1 Fredrickson, E. D. 1 Gates, D. A. 1 Goldston, R. J. 1 Grisham, L. R. 1 Hawryluk, R. J. 1 Hill, K. W. 1 Hosea, J. C. 1 Jardin, S. C. 1 Ji, H. 1 Kaye, S. M. 1 Kaita, R. 1 Kugel, H. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.  2: CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, Cedex, France.; Source Info: Feb2003 Part 1, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p60; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma confinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: tokamaks.; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.808890
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Yiwei
AU  - Xiong, Yi
AU  - Naidenko, Olga V.
AU  - Liu, Jin-huan
AU  - Zhang, Rongguang
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Kronenberg, Mitchell
AU  - Cheroutre, Hilde
AU  - Reinherz, Ellis L.
AU  - Wang, Jia-huai
T1  - The Crystal Structure of a TL/CD8αα Complex at 2.1 A˚ Resolution: Implications for Modulation of T Cell Activation and Memory
JO  - Immunity
JF  - Immunity
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 10747613
AB  - TL is a nonclassical MHC class I molecule that modulates T cell activation through relatively high-affinity interaction with CD8αα. To investigate how the TL/CD8αα interaction influences TCR signaling, we characterized the structure of the TL/CD8αα complex using X-ray crystallography. Unlike antigen-presenting molecules, the TL antigen-binding groove is occluded by specific conformational changes. This feature eliminates antigen presentation, severely hampers direct TCR recognition, and prevents TL from participating in the TCR activation complex. At the same time, the TL/CD8αα interaction is strengthened through subtle structure changes in the TL α3 domain. Thus, TL functions to sequester and redirect CD8αα away from the TCR, modifying lck-dependent signaling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Immunity is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - ANTIGENS
N1  - Accession Number: 9142196; Liu, Yiwei 1,2 Xiong, Yi 1,2 Naidenko, Olga V. 3 Liu, Jin-huan 1,2 Zhang, Rongguang 4 Joachimiak, Andrzej 4 Kronenberg, Mitchell 3 Cheroutre, Hilde 3 Reinherz, Ellis L. 1,2 Wang, Jia-huai 1,5,6; Email Address: jwang@red.dfci.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  2: Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  3: Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA 92121 USA  4: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  5: Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  6: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p205; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrov, P. K.
AU  - Alford, N. Mcn.
AU  - Astafiev, K. F.
AU  - Tagantsev, A. K.
AU  - Setter, N.
AU  - Kaydanova, T.
AU  - Ginley, D. S.
T1  - Structural Investigation of Thin SrTiO 3 Films Grown on MgO and LaAlO 3 Substrates.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
EP  - 473
SN  - 10584587
AB  - Structural investigations of SrTiO 3 thin films deposited by pulsed laser ablation onto MgO and LaAlO 3 substrates are presented. The residual strain along the c -axis (the growth direction) was evaluated with conventional X-ray diffraction. Evaluation of the in-plane strain was accomplished with grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction. The unit cell of the STO film on LAO substrate had an orthorhombic structure with a coexistence of compressive strain along a -axis and tensile strain along b -axis. The film on an MgO substrate was tetragonal, stretched along the c -axis and compressed in-plane . The elemental composition of the samples was investigated using an INCA system for X-ray elemental analysis attached to a Hitachi S-4300 SEM. A comparison of the residual strain and stoichiometric ratio between as-deposited films and films annealed for four hours at 1100°C in flowing oxygen is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - INCA architecture
N1  - Accession Number: 11794651; Petrov, P. K. 1 Alford, N. Mcn. 1 Astafiev, K. F. 2 Tagantsev, A. K. 2 Setter, N. 2 Kaydanova, T. 3 Ginley, D. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Centre for Physical Electronics and Materials, South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK.  2: Ceramics Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, 1617 Cole Boulevard, CO 80401, USA.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p465; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: INCA architecture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10584580390258633
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lutz, Andrew E.
AU  - Bradshaw, Robert W.
AU  - Keller, Jay O.
AU  - Witmer, Dennis E.
T1  - Thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production by steam reforming
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 03603199
AB  - This paper presents thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production by steam reforming. The analysis treats the chemistry at two levels: a global species balance assuming complete reaction and solution of the equilibrium composition at the specified reformer temperature. The global reaction allows for an energy balance that leads to analytical expressions for the thermal efficiency. We use this to determine the maximum efficiency, and to distinguish between various definitions of efficiency.To obtain a more realistic estimate of the efficiency, the chemical equilibrium solution is combined with a system energy balance, which compares the energy required to vaporize and heat the fuel–steam mixture to the reformer temperature with the heat available from combusting the residual fuels in the reformate stream. The equilibrium solutions are compared to experimental measurements of the species and thermal efficiency of reforming diesel fuel, obtained with prototype compact steam reformers. The observed efficiency is significantly lower than the equilibrium prediction, indicating that both incomplete reaction and heat transfer losses reduce the performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - HYDROGEN production
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Steam reforming
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 8547785; Lutz, Andrew E. 1; Email Address: aelutz@sandia.gov Bradshaw, Robert W. 1 Keller, Jay O. 1 Witmer, Dennis E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box. 969, MS-9053, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  2: University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AS USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p159; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steam reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marsh, Laura K.
AU  - Loiselle, Bette A.
T1  - Recruitment of Black Howler Fruit Trees in Fragmented Forests of Northern Belize.
JO  - International Journal of Primatology
JF  - International Journal of Primatology
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
EP  - 86
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01640291
AB  - We examined recruitment of trees whose seeds are dispersed by black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) in forest fragments within the Community Baboon Sanctuary in north-central Belize. In the fragments, most other large frugivores are absent and howlers dominate the large frugivore community. Consequently, we expected to observe an increased representation of howler fruit trees among the sapling community. To test this prediction preliminarily we observed howler feeding behavior for one year and conducted adult tree and sapling transects in 6 locations where howlers were present. We sampled a seventh site where howlers were absent for vegetation only. We found that in 4 of 6 sites there were proportionately fewer howler fruit saplings when compared to adult tree samples. However, when recruitment of howler fruit trees in the 6 sites was compared to a site where howlers were absent, 11 of 12 species had relatively higher recruitment. The lack of recruitment among howler fruit trees in general likely reflects differences in responses of individual species, as well as disruptions from human activities to natural processes within the forests. The observed lower recruitment patterns of howler trees suggest that over time, the abundance of the trees will likely decline and thus affect the foraging behavior and possibly survival of howlers in the fragmented forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Primatology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Forest regeneration
KW  - Black howler monkey
KW  - Seed dispersal
KW  - Belize
KW  - forest regeneration
KW  - fragments
KW  - howler
KW  - seed dispersal
N1  - Accession Number: 9066376; Marsh, Laura K. 1; Loiselle, Bette A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Ecology Group (ESH-20), Mail Stop M887, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545;; 2: Department of Biology and International Center for Tropical Ecology, University of Missouri – Saint Louis, 8001 Natural Bridge Road, Saint Louis, Missouri 63121; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p65; Thesaurus Term: Forest regeneration; Subject Term: Black howler monkey; Subject Term: Seed dispersal; Subject: Belize; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest regeneration; Author-Supplied Keyword: fragments; Author-Supplied Keyword: howler; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed dispersal; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 18 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGraw, Robert
AU  - Wright, Douglas L.
T1  - Chemically resolved aerosol dynamics for internal mixtures by the quadrature method of moments
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 00218502
AB  - The quadrature method of moments (QMOM), a promising new tool for aerosol dynamics simulation, is extended to multicomponent, internally mixed particle populations. A new moment closure method, the Jacobian matrix transformation (JMT), is introduced and shown to provide an efficient procedure for evolving quadrature abscissas and weights directly and in closed form. For special growth laws where analytic results are available for comparison, the QMOM is also found to be exact. The JMT implementation of the QMOM is used to explore the asymptotic behavior of coagulating aerosols at long time. Nondimensional reduced moments are constructed, and found to evolve to constant values in excellent agreement with estimates derived from ‘self-preserving’ distributions previously obtained by independent methods. Our findings support the QMOM as a new tool for rapid, accurate simulation of the dynamics of an evolving internally mixed aerosol population, including the approach to asymptotic behavior at long time, in terms of lower-order moments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - JACOBIAN matrices
KW  - Aerosol dynamics
KW  - Coagulation
KW  - Moment methods
KW  - Self-preserving distributions
N1  - Accession Number: 8761963; McGraw, Robert; Email Address: rim@bnl.gov Wright, Douglas L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 815E, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p189; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: JACOBIAN matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coagulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moment methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-preserving distributions; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byung-In Lee
AU  - Mustafi, Devkumar
AU  - Wonhwa Cho
AU  - Nakagawa, Yasushi
T1  - Characterization of calcium binding properties of lithostathine.
JO  - Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 341
EP  - 347
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09498257
AB  - The pancreas secretes primarily two types of metabolically important proteins: digestive enzymes and hormones. Lithostathine (LIT) is the only protein excreted from the pancreas that has no known digestive or hormonal activity. Human lithostathine is a 144-amino acid glycoprotein synthesized by the exocrine pancreas that has been implicated in various physiological functions, including inhibition of pancreatic stone formation. To better understand the physiological function of LIT, we expressed the recombinant LIT protein in Escherichia coli and measured its calcium binding properties by equilibrium dialysis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Equilibrium dialysis with 45Ca2+ showed that LIT binds Ca2+ with 1:1 stoichiometry. EPR studies using the divalent vanadyl (VO2+) ion as a paramagnetic substitute for Ca2+ also showed that VO2+ binds to LIT with a metal:protein binding stoichiometry of 1:1 and that VO2+ competes with Ca2+ in binding to LIT. Mutations of a cluster of acidic residues on the molecular surface (E30A, D31A, E33A, D37A, D72A, and D73A) resulted in almost complete loss (95–100%) of binding of Ca2+ and VO2+, showing that these residues are critical for calcium binding by LIT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PANCREAS
KW  - DIGESTIVE enzymes
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Calcium-binding protein
KW  - Electron paramagnetic resonance
KW  - Lithostathine
KW  - reg protein
KW  - Vanadyl ion
N1  - Accession Number: 16563912; Byung-In Lee 1,2 Mustafi, Devkumar 3; Email Address: dmustafi@midway.uchicago.edu Wonhwa Cho 1 Nakagawa, Yasushi 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA  2: US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Greek, CA, USA  3: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p341; Subject Term: PANCREAS; Subject Term: DIGESTIVE enzymes; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium-binding protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron paramagnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithostathine; Author-Supplied Keyword: reg protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadyl ion; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00775-002-0421-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moridis, G.J.
AU  - Hu, Q.
AU  - Wu, Y.-S.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - Preliminary 3-D site-scale studies of radioactive colloid transport in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is actively investigating the technical feasibility of permanent disposal of high-level nuclear waste in a repository to be situated in the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain (YM), Nevada. In this study we investigate, by means of numerical simulation, the transport of radioactive colloids under ambient conditions from the potential repository horizon to the water table. The site hydrology and the effects of the spatial distribution of hydraulic and transport properties in the Yucca Mountain subsurface are considered. The study of migration and retardation of colloids accounts for the complex processes in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, and includes advection, diffusion, hydrodynamic dispersion, kinetic colloid filtration, colloid straining, and radioactive decay. The results of the study indicate that the most important factors affecting colloid transport are the subsurface geology and site hydrology, i.e., the presence of faults (they dominate and control transport), fractures (the main migration pathways), and the relative distribution of zeolitic and vitric tuffs. The transport of colloids is strongly influenced by their size (as it affects diffusion into the matrix, straining at hydrogeologic unit interfaces, and transport velocity) and by the parameters of the kinetic-filtration model used for the simulations. Arrival times at the water table decrease with an increasing colloid size because of smaller diffusion, increased straining, and higher transport velocities. The importance of diffusion as a retardation mechanism increases with a decreasing colloid size, but appears to be minimal in large colloids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Radioactive colloid transport
KW  - Vadose zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 8723123; Moridis, G.J.; Email Address: gjmoridis@lbl.gov; Hu, Q. 1; Wu, Y.-S. 1; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 60 Issue 3/4, p251; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive colloid transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garrell, Monika G.
AU  - Shih, Albert J.
AU  - Ma, Bao-Min
AU  - Lara-Curzio, Edgar
AU  - Scattergood, Ronald O.
T1  - Mechanical properties of Nylon bonded Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 257
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 32
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Tensile and flexural strengths as well as Young''s modulus of Polyamide-11 (Nylon-11) based injection molded Nd–Fe–B magnets have been determined from −40°C to 100°C. Two types of Nd–Fe–B powders were included in this study. One is the conventional melt spun powder of irregular shape, the other is the atomized powder of spherical morphology. It was found that the tensile strength varies significantly with both test temperature and morphology of Nd–Fe–B powder. For a fixed volume fraction of magnet powder, the tensile strength decreases with increasing temperature. For bonded magnets made of melt spun powder, the tensile strength increases with increasing volume fraction of magnet powder. Specimens made of spherical atomized powders exhibit much lower tensile strength and better flexibility when compared to those made of melt spun powder. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that the debonding at the Nd–Fe–B powder and Nylon interface is the main cause of failure at 23°C and 100°C. At −40°C, a different failure mechanism with the fracture of Nd–Fe–B particle was observed on magnets prepared from melt spun powders. For the specimen containing 59.7 vol% of melt spun powder, a bending strength of 41 MPa and dynamic Young''s modulus of 12.7 GPa were obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MELT spinning
KW  - Atomized NdFeB
KW  - Bonded magnets
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Melt spun NdFeB
N1  - Accession Number: 8902495; Garrell, Monika G. 1 Shih, Albert J. 2; Email Address: shiha@umich.edu Ma, Bao-Min 3 Lara-Curzio, Edgar 4 Scattergood, Ronald O. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  3: Magnequench Technical Center, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA  4: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 257 Issue 1, p32; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MELT spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomized NdFeB; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bonded magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melt spun NdFeB; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Can Aydiner, C.
AU  - Üstündag, Ersan
AU  - Prime, Michael B.
AU  - Peker, Atakan
T1  - Modeling and measurement of residual stresses in a bulk metallic glass plate
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 316
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The recent advent of multi-component alloys with exceptional glass forming ability has allowed the processing of large metallic specimens with amorphous structure. The possibility of formation of thermal tempering stresses during the processing of these bulk metallic glass (BMG) specimens was investigated using two models: (i) instant freezing model, and (ii) viscoelastic model. The first one assumed a sudden transition between liquid and elastic solid at the glass transition temperature. The second model considered the equilibrium viscosity of BMG. Both models yielded similar results although from vastly different approaches. It was shown that convective cooling of Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 plates with high heat transfer coefficients could potentially generate significant compressive stresses on the surfaces balanced with mid-plane tension. The crack compliance (slitting) method was then employed to measure the stress profiles in a BMG plate that was cast in a copper mold. These profiles were roughly parabolic suggesting that thermal tempering was indeed the dominant residual stress generation mechanism. However, the magnitude of the measured stresses (with peak values of only about 1.5% of the yield strength) was significantly lower than the modeling predictions. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are described in relation to the actual casting process and material properties. The extremely low residual stresses measured in these BMG specimens, combined with their high strength and toughness, serve to further increase the advantages of BMGs over their crystalline metal counterparts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - 81.70.Bt
N1  - Accession Number: 9096909; Can Aydiner, C. 1 Üstündag, Ersan 1; Email Address: ersan@caltech.edu Prime, Michael B. 2 Peker, Atakan 3; Affiliation:  1: Keck Lab., Department of Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, M/C 138-78, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  2: Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Liquidmetal Technologies, Lake Forest, CA 92630, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 316 Issue 1, p82; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.70.Bt; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suratwala, T.I.
AU  - Steele, R.A.
T1  - Anomalous temperature dependence of sub-critical crack growth in silica glass
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 316
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The effects of temperature, water vapor, and stress on the rate of sub-critical crack growth (SCG) in fused silica are reported. The crack velocity was measured using the double-cleavage-drilled compression method. In contrast to other inorganic oxide glasses, crack growth velocities (in region I) were found to decrease with increase in temperature. Hence a small temperature rise has the apparent effect of improving the mechanical strength of a stressed-glass part. Despite the anomalous temperature dependence, SCG in fused silica is still likely governed by the established water-enhanced stress–corrosion mechanism; another competing phenomenon is proposed to cause the observed temperature dependence. Measured crack velocities are described using an empirical model (for region I) and a mass-transport model limited by Knudsen diffusion (for region II). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - SILICA
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 9096920; Suratwala, T.I.; Email Address: suratwala1@llnl.gov Steele, R.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 316 Issue 1, p174; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naghedolfeizi, M.
AU  - Chung, J.-S.
AU  - Morris, R.
AU  - Ice, G.E.
AU  - Yun, W.B.
AU  - Cai, Z.
AU  - Lai, B.
T1  - X-ray fluorescence microtomography study of trace elements in a SiC nuclear fuel shell
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 312
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 146
SN  - 00223115
AB  - X-ray fluorescence microtomography has been used to measure the trace element spatial distribution in a TRISO SiC shell after exposure to <f>1.9×1025</f> neutrons/m2. The bare SiC shell was prepared by laser drilling the TRISO particle and leaching away the core and C. The exposed shell was measured with an X-ray probe having a size of approximately <f>1×3</f> μm2 on beamline 2-ID at the Advanced Photon Source. The trace element distribution in the SiC shell was reconstructed after correcting the data for artifacts arising from absorption and experimental restrictions. The trace elements were found in small (<f><</f>2 μm) regions through the SiC shell and appear to have been introduced during fabrication. X-ray fluorescence microtomography is an ideal tool for this work because it is a penetrating non-destructive probe with good sensitivity to high <f>Z</f> trace elements in a low <f>Z</f> matrix and because it provides a picture of the elemental distribution in the shell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9052598; Naghedolfeizi, M. 1 Chung, J.-S. 1 Morris, R. 1 Ice, G.E. 1; Email Address: icege@ornl.gov Yun, W.B. 2 Cai, Z. 2 Lai, B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Building 4500S, MS-6118, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6118, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, Experimental Facilities Division, Argonne IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 312 Issue 2/3, p146; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(02)01681-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Busker, Gerdjan
AU  - Grimes, Robin W.
AU  - Bradford, Mark R.
T1  - The solution and diffusion of ruthenium in UO<f>2±x</f>
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 312
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 156
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Atomic scale computer simulation is used to develop models that describe the behaviour of ruthenium in the uranium dioxide lattice. Results are consistent with observed metal particle formation in UO<f>2−x</f> and UO2. Conversely it is predicted that ruthenium can be soluble in UO<f>2+x</f> although in irradiated fuel the extent of ruthenium solution will depend on the total concentration of fission products compared to the oxygen interstitial ion concentration. Second phase oxide particles such as BaRuO3 and RuO2 are not predicted to be stable. At all stoichiometries activation energies for migration are high. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - METAL clusters
N1  - Accession Number: 9052599; Busker, Gerdjan 1 Grimes, Robin W. 1,2; Email Address: r.grimes@ic.ac.uk Bradford, Mark R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Imperial College, London SW7 2BP, UK  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: British Energy Generation Ltd., Barnwood, Gloucestershire GL4 3RS, UK; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 312 Issue 2/3, p156; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: METAL clusters; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheldon, R.I.
AU  - Rinehart, G.H.
AU  - Lashley, J.C.
AU  - Van Pelt, C.E.
AU  - Nordine, P.C.
AU  - Krishnan, S.
AU  - Weber, J.K.R.
T1  - The optical properties of liquid plutonium at 632.8 nm
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 312
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The optical properties and normal, spectral emissivity of liquid plutonium at 632.8 nm were measured over a temperature range of 2016–2189 K using rotating analyzer ellipsometry. The purity of the liquid was maintained in a containerless environment using electromagnetic levitation and heating. The material investigated contained 1 wt% Ga that was added during the casting process. The measured values of the optical property results are given as a function of temperature by <f>∊λ=5.38×10−5T+0.250</f>, <f>nλ=−1.29×10−4T+3.82</f>, and <f>kλ=−7.04×10−4T+5.77</f> over the investigated temperature range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 9052605; Sheldon, R.I. 1; Email Address: rsheldon@lanl.gov Rinehart, G.H. 1 Lashley, J.C. 2 Van Pelt, C.E. 1 Nordine, P.C. 3 Krishnan, S. 3 Weber, J.K.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Containerless Research Inc., 906 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 312 Issue 2/3, p207; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(02)01679-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faussurier, G.
AU  - More, R.M.
T1  - Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium response matrix
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 76
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
SN  - 00224073
AB  - A connection between atomic kinetics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics has been recently established using a collisional-radiative model modified to include line absorption. The net emission can be expressed as a symmetric non-local thermodynamic-equilibrium response-matrix. This connection is extended to models used in hydrodynamic codes to simulate laser–plasma interactions. A new, exact and, general formula is obtained for the response-matrix and an analytic proof is given, that is symmetric in the context of collisional-radiative rate equations. To go beyond the near-LTE response-matrix, a response-tensor can be considered that generalizes the response matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - 52.25.Kn
N1  - Accession Number: 7786501; Faussurier, G.; Email Address: gerald.faussurier@cea.fr More, R.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 76 Issue 3/4, p269; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.25.Kn; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burley, J.C.
AU  - Mitchell, J.F.
AU  - Short, S.
AU  - Miller, D.
AU  - Tang, Y.
T1  - Structural and Magnetic Chemistry of <f>NdBaCo2O5+δ</f>
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 170
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The crystallographic and magnetic structures of the oxygen-deficient perovskites <f>NdBaCo2O5+δ</f> (<f>δ=0</f>, 0.38, 0.5, 0.69) have been studied as a function of temperature by neutron powder diffraction. Long-range G-type antiferromagnetic order is realized for all samples apart from that with <f>δ=0.5</f>. The lack of magnetic order for <f>δ=0.5</f> can be understood on the basis of a crystal-field-induced spin-state ordering between low-spin and high-spin <f>Co3+</f>. Contrary to studies of similar materials with smaller lanthanides, the <f>δ=0</f> material exhibits no evidence of long-range charge ordering. No evidence of a spin-state transition as observed in <f>YBaCo2O5</f> is found for any of our samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MAGNETIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10318848; Burley, J.C.; Email Address: burley@anl.gov Mitchell, J.F. 1 Short, S. 1 Miller, D. 1 Tang, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 170 Issue 2, p339; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC structure; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00101-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Gorse Jr., Robert A.
AU  - Bailey, Brent K.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Twelfth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Summarizes the presentations from researchers who are engaged in improving understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to air quality, at 12th workshop of Coordinating Research Council in April 2002, with nearly 90 presentations on the most recent on-road vehicle emissions research. Discussion on mobile source emission models and emission inventories; Evaluation of in-use emissions control programs; Effects of fuels on emissions.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Pollution control industry
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Conferences & conventions
N1  - Accession Number: 12528314; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Gorse Jr., Robert A. 2; Bailey, Brent K. 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Affiliations: 1: General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 2: Ford Motor Company, Allen Park, Michigan; 3: Coordinating Research Council, Alpharetta, Georgia; 4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Pollution control industry; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tangyunyong, Paiboon
T1  - Thermal modeling of localized laser heating in multi-level interconnects
JO  - Microelectronics Reliability
JF  - Microelectronics Reliability
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
SN  - 00262714
AB  - Thermal modeling was used to simulate thermal profiles from localized laser heating on two multi-level interconnect structures with metallization complexity comparable to those used in advanced interconnect systems. The modeling focused on addressing issues with regard to the effectiveness of laser-based techniques in defect localization in state-of-the-art metallization schemes. Modeling results indicate that indirect heating from the laser does not propagate effectively through adjacent metal layers from both the front side and the back side. Poor heat conduction and its associated thermal spreading during laser heating make defect detection difficult beyond three levels of metal. Thermal distribution and spreading were found to be more affected by interconnect geometries than by variations in laser spot size. Smaller temperature rises during laser heating were observed in the newer interconnect structures consisting of copper and low-<f>k</f> dielectric materials than in those with conventional aluminum, tungsten, and silicon dioxide. The smaller temperature rise leads to weaker signal strength at the defect sites and makes it more difficult to detect defects in the newer-material structures. Metallization density also affects heat conduction in advanced interconnect systems but the temperature rise during laser heating varies slowly as a function of metallization density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronics Reliability is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Thermal properties
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 9155934; Tangyunyong, Paiboon 1; Email Address: ptangyu@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Microelectronics Failure Analysis Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p297; Subject Term: METALS -- Thermal properties; Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, Xiaofen
AU  - Franco, Alexa A.
AU  - Santos, Hidelita
AU  - Nelson, David M.
AU  - Kaufman, Paul D.
AU  - Adams, Peter D.
T1  - Defective S Phase Chromatin Assembly Causes DNA Damage, Activation of the S Phase Checkpoint, and S Phase Arrest
JO  - Molecular Cell
JF  - Molecular Cell
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 341
SN  - 10972765
AB  - The S phase checkpoint protects the genome from spontaneous damage during DNA replication, although the cause of damage has been unknown. We used a dominant-negative mutant of a subunit of CAF-I, a complex that assembles newly synthesized DNA into nucleosomes, to inhibit S phase chromatin assembly and found that this induced S phase arrest. Arrest was accompanied by DNA damage and S phase checkpoint activation and required ATR or ATM kinase activity. These results show that in human cells CAF-I activity is required for completion of S phase and that a defect in chromatin assembly can itself induce DNA damage. We propose that errors in chromatin assembly, occurring spontaneously or caused by genetic mutations or environmental agents, contribute to genome instability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - DNA replication
N1  - Accession Number: 9230278; Ye, Xiaofen 1 Franco, Alexa A. 2,3 Santos, Hidelita 1 Nelson, David M. 1 Kaufman, Paul D. 2,3 Adams, Peter D. 1; Email Address: pd_adams@fccc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Division of Basic Science, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA  2: 351 Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 229 Stanley Hall #3206, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p341; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: DNA replication; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adcox, K.
AU  - Ajitanand, J.
AU  - Alexander, J.
AU  - Barrette, J.
AU  - Belkin, R.
AU  - Borland, D.
AU  - Bryan, W.L.
AU  - du Rietz, R.
AU  - El Chenawi, K.
AU  - Cherlin, A.
AU  - Fellenstein, J.
AU  - Filimonov, K.
AU  - Fraenkel, Z.
AU  - Gan, D.
AU  - Garpman, S.
AU  - Gil, Y.
AU  - Greene, S.V.
AU  - Gustafsson, H.-Å.
AU  - Holzmann, W.
AU  - Issah, M.
T1  - Construction and performance of the PHENIX pad chambers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 497
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present the Pad Chamber detector system in the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The three station system provides space points along each track in the spectrometer arms at mid-rapidity and covers a total area of <f>88 m2</f>. Its main functions are to provide the track coordinate along the beam and to ensure reliable pattern recognition at very high particle multiplicity. A new concept for two dimensional wire chamber readout via its finely segmented cathode was developed. The full readout system, comprising <f>172 800</f> electronic channels, is described together with the challenging design of the chambers. The electronics, mounted on the outer chamber face, together with the chamber itself amounts to 1.2% of a radiation length. Results from cosmic ray tests, showing an average efficiency better than 99.5% for all chambers are presented. The experiences from the full scale operation in the first run are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Cathode pixels
KW  - PHENIX
KW  - Readout electronics
KW  - RHIC
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Wire chamber
N1  - Accession Number: 8998131; Adcox, K. 1 Ajitanand, J. 2 Alexander, J. 2 Barrette, J. 3 Belkin, R. 4 Borland, D. 1 Bryan, W.L. 5 du Rietz, R. 6 El Chenawi, K. 1 Cherlin, A. 7 Fellenstein, J. 1 Filimonov, K. 3 Fraenkel, Z. 7 Gan, D. 3 Garpman, S. 6 Gil, Y. 7 Greene, S.V. 1 Gustafsson, H.-Å. 6 Holzmann, W. 2 Issah, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: Chemistry Department, State University of New York - Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  3: McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada H3A 2T8  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  6: Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden  7: Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 497 Issue 2/3, p263; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode pixels; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHENIX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Readout electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire chamber; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Voinov, A.
AU  - Schiller, A.
AU  - Guttormsen, M.
AU  - Rekstad, J.
AU  - Siem, S.
T1  - Determination of the electromagnetic character of soft dipole modes solely based on quasicontinuous <f>γ</f> spectroscopy
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 497
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 350
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We show that the combined analysis of quasicontinuous <f>γ</f> spectra from the <f>(3He,α)</f> and <f>(nth,2γ)</f> reactions gives the possibility to measure the electromagnetic character of soft dipole resonances. Two-step <f>γ</f>-cascade spectra have been calculated, using level densities and radiative strength functions from the <f>(3He,αγ)</f> reaction. The calculations show that the intensity of the two-step cascades depends on the electromagnetic character of the soft dipole resonance under study. The difference reaches 40–100% which can be measured experimentally. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Pygmy resonance
KW  - Radiative strength function
KW  - Statistical <f>γ</f> decay
N1  - Accession Number: 8998137; Voinov, A. 1; Email Address: voinov@nf.jinr.ru Schiller, A. 2; Email Address: andreas.schiller@llnl.gov Guttormsen, M. 3 Rekstad, J. 3 Siem, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-414, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA-94551, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 497 Issue 2/3, p350; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pygmy resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative strength function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical <f>γ</f> decay; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Irastorza, I.G.
AU  - Andriamonje, S.
AU  - Arik, E.
AU  - Autiero, D.
AU  - Avignone, F.
AU  - Barth, K.
AU  - Brauninger, H.
AU  - Brodzinski, R.
AU  - Carmona, J.
AU  - Cebrian, S.
AU  - Cetin, S.
AU  - Collar, J.
AU  - Creswick, R.
AU  - De Oliveira, R.
AU  - Delbart, A.
AU  - Di Lella, L.
AU  - Eleftheriadis, C.
AU  - Fanourskis, G.
AU  - Farach, H.
AU  - Fischer, H.
T1  - The CERN axion solar telescope (CAST): status and prospects
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 114
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The CAST experiment is being mounted at CERN. It will make use of a decommissioned LHC test magnet to look for solar axions through its conversion into photons inside the magnetic field. The magnet has a field of 9.6 Tesla and length of 10 m and is installed in a platform which allows to move it ±8° vertically and ±40° horizontally. According to these numbers we expect a sensitivity in axion-photon coupling gαγγ ≲ 5 × 10−11 GeV−1 for ma ≲ 0.02 eV, and with a gas filled tube gaγγ ≲ 10−10 [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AXIONS
KW  - SOLAR telescopes
N1  - Accession Number: 9991548; Irastorza, I.G. 1; Email Address: Igor.Irastorza@cern.ch Andriamonje, S. 2 Arik, E. 3 Autiero, D. 1 Avignone, F. 4 Barth, K. 1 Brauninger, H. 5 Brodzinski, R. 6 Carmona, J. 7 Cebrian, S. 7 Cetin, S. 3 Collar, J. 8 Creswick, R. 4 De Oliveira, R. 1 Delbart, A. 2 Di Lella, L. 1 Eleftheriadis, C. 9 Fanourskis, G. 10 Farach, H. 4 Fischer, H. 11; Affiliation:  1: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneve, Switzerland  2: DAPNIA, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA-Saclay), Gif-sur-Yvette, France  3: Department of Physics, Bogazici University, Istambul, Turkey  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, Sc, USA  5: Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), Garching, Germany  6: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wa, USA  7: Instituto de Física Nuclear y Atlas Energías, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain  8: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA  9: Aristotle University of Thessaloníki, Thessaloniki, Greece  10: National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NRCPS), Athens, Greece  11: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 114 Issue 1-3, p75; Subject Term: AXIONS; Subject Term: SOLAR telescopes; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Pamela J.
AU  - El-Bakry, Amr S.
AU  - Tapia, Richard A.
T1  - Using Indicators in Finite Termination Procedures.
JO  - Optimization Methods & Software
JF  - Optimization Methods & Software
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10556788
AB  - Early identification of the zero variables in a constrained optimization problem can be used to computational advantage. Is there a similar gain in identification of variables at their upper bounds? In this context, we study finite termination procedures in interior-point methods for linear programs with bounded variables. To prevent the computed solution from violating the bound constraints, one approach incorporates nearest bound information into a projection model through an affine scaling transformation. Using Tapia indicators, we identify variables in the active set, remove them from the subproblem, and solve a lower dimensional projection problem. Numerical evidence suggests that identifying and removing the variables at their upper bounds from the optimal face identification problem plays a more important role in finite termination procedures than the choice of affine scaling transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Optimization Methods & Software is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - Active set
KW  - Affine-scaling transformation
KW  - Finite termination
KW  - Indicators
KW  - Infeasible primal-dual interior-point algorithms
KW  - Optimal face
N1  - Accession Number: 10725097; Williams, Pamela J. 1; Email Address: pwillia@sandia.gov El-Bakry, Amr S. 2; Email Address: elbakry@caam.rice.edu Tapia, Richard A. 2; Email Address: rat@caam.ruce.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, California  2: Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Rice University, Texas; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p39; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: LINEAR programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active set; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affine-scaling transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite termination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infeasible primal-dual interior-point algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimal face; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shan, Hongzhang
AU  - Singh, Jaswinder P.
AU  - Oliker, Leonid
AU  - Biswas, Rupak
T1  - Message passing and shared address space parallelism on an SMP cluster
JO  - Parallel Computing
JF  - Parallel Computing
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 01678191
AB  - Currently, message passing (MP) and shared address space (SAS) are the two leading parallel programming paradigms. MP has been standardized with MPI, and is the more common and mature approach; however, code development can be extremely difficult, especially for irregularly structured computations. SAS offers substantial ease of programming, but may suffer from performance limitations due to poor spatial locality and high protocol overhead. In this paper, we compare the performance of and the programming effort required for six applications under both programming models on a 32-processor PC-SMP cluster, a platform that is becoming increasingly attractive for high-end scientific computing. Our application suite consists of codes that typically do not exhibit scalable performance under shared-memory programming due to their high communication-to-computation ratios and/or complex communication patterns. Results indicate that SAS can achieve about half the parallel efficiency of MPI for most of our applications, while being competitive for the others. A hybrid <f>MPI+SAS</f> strategy shows only a small performance advantage over pure MPI in some cases. Finally, improved implementations of two MPI collective operations on PC-SMP clusters are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Parallel Computing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARALLEL programming (Computer science)
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - Benchmark applications
KW  - Distributed shared memory
KW  - Message passing
KW  - Parallel performance
KW  - PC cluster
N1  - Accession Number: 8902415; Shan, Hongzhang 1; Email Address: hshan@lbl.gov Singh, Jaswinder P. 2; Email Address: jps@cs.princeton.edu Oliker, Leonid 1; Email Address: loliker@lbl.gov Biswas, Rupak 3; Email Address: rbiswas@nas.nasa.gov; Affiliation:  1: NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  3: NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Mail Stop T27A-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p167; Subject Term: PARALLEL programming (Computer science); Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benchmark applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed shared memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Message passing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: PC cluster; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ribeiro, R.A.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Petrovic, C.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Carbon doping of superconducting magnesium diboride
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 384
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present details of synthesis optimization and physical properties of nearly single phase carbon doped MgB2 with a nominal stoichiometry of Mg(B0.8C0.2)2 synthesized from magnesium and boron carbide (B4C) as starting materials. The superconducting transition temperature is <f>&ap;</f>22 K (<f>&ap;</f>17 K lower than in pure MgB2). The temperature dependence of the upper critical field is steeper than in pure MgB2 with <f>Hc2(10 K)&ap;9</f> T. Temperature dependent specific heat data taken in different applied magnetic fields suggest that the two-gap nature of superconductivity is still preserved for carbon doped MgB2 even with such a heavily suppressed transition temperature. In addition, the anisotropy ratio of the upper critical field for <f>T/Tc&ap;2/3</f> is <f>γ&ap;2</f>. This value is distinct from 1 (isotropic) and also distinct from 6 (the value found for pure MgB2). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - BORIDES
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Carbon doping
KW  - Magnesium diboride
KW  - Physical properties
KW  - Synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 8762825; Ribeiro, R.A.; Email Address: ribeiro@ameslab.gov Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Petrovic, C. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 384 Issue 3, p227; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: BORIDES; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium diboride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanaka, K.
AU  - Marsiglio, F.
T1  - S-wave superconductivity near a surface
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 384
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We study the superconducting order parameter near a surface with the Bogoliubov–de Gennes formalism. For definiteness we use the attractive Hubbard model. Near a surface, the order parameter and the density distribution exhibit “Friedel-like” oscillations. Although the local density of states is quite different from that in the bulk, the energy gap in the spectrum on a surface is almost the same as the bulk value. In the low-density limit, however, the energy gap tends to vanish on a surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HUBBARD model
KW  - Inhomogeneity
KW  - Strongly correlated electrons
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8762840; Tanaka, K. 1,2; Email Address: tanaka@sask.usask.ca Marsiglio, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E2  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2J1; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 384 Issue 3, p356; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HUBBARD model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhomogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strongly correlated electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurien, Susan
T1  - The reflection-antisymmetric counterpart of the Ka´rma´n–Howarth dynamical equation
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 175
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 01672789
AB  - We study the isotropic, helical component in homogeneous turbulence using statistical objects which have the correct symmetry and parity properties. Using these objects we derive an analogue of the Ka´rma´n–Howarth equation, that arises due to lack of mirror-reflection-symmetry in isotropic flows. The main equation we obtain is consistent with the results of Chkhetiani [JETP 63 (1996) 768] and L’vov et al. [Exact result for the 3rd order correlations of velocity in turbulence with helicity, 1997. http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/chao-dyn/9705016] but is derived using only velocity correlations, with no direct consideration of the vorticity or helicity. This alternative formulation offers an advantage to both experimental and numerical measurements. We also postulate, under the assumption of self-similarity, the existence of a hierarchy of scaling exponents for helical velocity correlation functions of arbitrary order, analogous to the Kolmogorov prediction for the scaling exponents of velocity structure function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity
KW  - PARITY
KW  - Homogeneity
KW  - Isotropy
KW  - Parity
KW  - Turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 8804356; Kurien, Susan 1; Email Address: skurien@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 175 Issue 3/4, p167; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity; Subject Term: PARITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kosourov, Sergey
AU  - Seibert, Michael
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
T1  - Effects of Extracellular pH on the Metabolic Pathways in Sulfur-Deprived, H2-Producing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cultures.
JO  - Plant & Cell Physiology
JF  - Plant & Cell Physiology
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 44
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 146
EP  - 155
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00320781
AB  - Sustained photoproduction of H2 by the green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, can be obtained by incubating cells in sulfur-deprived medium [Ghirardi et al. (2000b) Trends Biotechnol. 18: 506; Melis et al. (2000) Plant Physiol. 122: 127]. The current work focuses on (a) the effects of different initial extracellular pHs on the inactivation of photosystem II (PSII) and O2-sensitive H2-production activity in sulfur-deprived algal cells and (b) the relationships among H2-production, photosynthetic, aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms under different pH regimens. The maximum rate and yield of H2 production occur when the pH at the start of the sulfur deprivation period is 7.7 and decrease when the initial pH is lowered to 6.5 or increased to 8.2. The pH profile of hydrogen photoproduction correlates with that of the residual PSII activity (optimum pH 7.3–7.9), but not with the pH profiles of photosynthetic electron transport through photosystem I or of starch and protein degradation. In vitro hydrogenase activity over this pH range is much higher than the actual in situ rates of H2 production, indicating that hydrogenase activity per se is not limiting. Starch and protein catabolisms generate formate, acetate and ethanol; contribute some reductant for H2 photoproduction, as indicated by 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea and 2,5-dibromo-6-isopropyl-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone inhibition results; and are the primary sources of reductant for respiratory processes that remove photosynthetically generated O2. Carbon balances demonstrate that alternative metabolic pathways predominate at different pHs, and these depend on whether residual photosynthetic activity is present or not. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Plant & Cell Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Green algae
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
KW  - Cells
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Electron transport
KW  - Fermentation
KW  - Hydrogen production
KW  - pH
KW  - Sulfur deprivation
N1  - Accession Number: 44405513; Kosourov, Sergey 1; Seibert, Michael 1; Ghirardi, Maria L. 1; Email Address: maria_ghirardi@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 44 Issue 2, p146; Thesaurus Term: Green algae; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; Subject Term: Cells; Subject Term: Metabolism; Subject Term: Electron transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen production; Author-Supplied Keyword: pH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur deprivation; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geebelen, W.
AU  - Adriano, D.C.
AU  - van der Lelie, D.
AU  - Mench, M.
AU  - Carleer, R.
AU  - Clijsters, H.
AU  - Vangronsveld, J.
T1  - Selected bioavailability assays to test the efficacy of amendment-induced immobilization of lead in soils.
JO  - Plant & Soil
JF  - Plant & Soil
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 249
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 228
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0032079X
AB  - Lead immobilization in 10 soils contaminated with Pb from different origin was examined using lime (CaCO3), a mix of cyclonic ash and steelshots (CA+ST), and a North Carolina phosphate rock. The immobilization efficacy of the three amendments was evaluated using single (CaCl2solution) and sequential (BCR method) chemical extractions in tandem with a microbiological Pb biosensor (BIOMET), a Pb phytotoxicity test, Pb plant uptake, and a Physiologically Based Extraction Test (PBET) mimicking Pb bioavailability in the human gastro-intestinal tract. The results demonstrated the necessity of using a diverse suite of bioavailability methodology when in situ metal immobilization is assessed. Sequential (BCR) extractions and PBET analysis indicated that PR was the most effective amendment. PR however, proved ineffective in totally preventing Pb phytotoxicity and Pb uptake on all soils tested. On the contrary, CA+ST and lime decreased BIOMET Pb, Pb phytotoxicity, and Pb uptake to a far greater extent than did PR. BIOMET detectable Pb and Pb uptake, however, were strongly related to Pb in soluble or exchangeable soil fractions (i.e., CaCl2 extractable). By combining these fractions with the acid-extractable Pb, accomplished by using acetic acid extractant, the recently developed BCR sequential extraction scheme appeared to have lost some valuable information on judging Pb bioavailability. The data show that different amendments do not behave consistently across different soils with different sources of contamination. Different indices for measuring Pb bioavailability are also not necessarily consistent within particular soil and amendment combinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant & Soil is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Lead in soils
KW  - Phosphate rock
KW  - Phytotoxicity
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - Lime (Minerals)
KW  - biosensor
KW  - cyclonic ash
KW  - lime
KW  - phosphate rock
KW  - phytotoxicity
KW  - steelshots
N1  - Accession Number: 14991376; Geebelen, W. 1,2; Adriano, D.C. 2; van der Lelie, D. 3,4; Mench, M. 5; Carleer, R. 6; Clijsters, H. 1; Vangronsveld, J. 1; Email Address: jaco.vangronsveld@luc.ac.be; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, Universitaire Campus, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; 2: University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina, 29802, USA; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 463, 50 Bell Avenue, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 4: Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek, MIT, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; 5: INRA Bordeaux Aquitaine Research Centre, Agronomy Unit, BP 81, F-33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France; 6: Environmental Chemistry, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, Universitaire Campus, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 249 Issue 1, p217; Thesaurus Term: Bioavailability; Thesaurus Term: Lead in soils; Thesaurus Term: Phosphate rock; Thesaurus Term: Phytotoxicity; Subject Term: Biosensors; Subject Term: Lime (Minerals); Author-Supplied Keyword: biosensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: cyclonic ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: lime; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphate rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: steelshots; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327410 Lime Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212392 Phosphate Rock Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lambeck, Kurt
AU  - Purcell, Anthony
AU  - Johnston, Paul
AU  - Nakada, Masao
AU  - Yokoyama, Yusuke
T1  - Water-load definition in the glacio-hydro-isostatic sea-level equation
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
SN  - 02773791
AB  - Models of glacio-hydro-isostatic rebound and the concomitant sea-level change have been progressively improved over the past three decades. Recently, the procedures used by the group at the Australian National University (ANU) for the hydro-isostatic component of the theory have been questioned (Quat. Sci. Rev. 21 (2002) 409) although the details of the ANU group''s procedures have not been published because they are mainly computational in nature rather than representing significant conceptual advances. Because of this criticism, we set out here in detail the procedures that have been used for the treatment of the migration of shorelines as sea levels rise and fall, the effect of retreat and advancing grounded ice on shelves and shallow seas, and the transitions from grounded to floating ice (and vice versa). We conclude that there is no basis for the criticism, that these formulations and their implementation provide a high resolution and complete description of both sea-level change and of the estimates of volumes of ice exchanged with the oceans. The results from this formulation are confirmed by the entirely independent analyses of Milne et al. (Quat. Sci. Rev. 21 (2002) 361) and Mitrovica and Milne (Geophys. J. Int. (2002), submitted for publication) who conclude that our formulation is significantly more accurate than the procedure advocated by Peltier (Science 265 (1994) 195; Rev. Geophys. 36 (1998a) 603, Geophys. Res. Lett. 25 (1998b) 3955). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Science Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLACIERS
KW  - SHORELINES
KW  - AUSTRALIA
N1  - Accession Number: 9155954; Lambeck, Kurt 1; Email Address: kurt.lambeck@anu.edu.au Purcell, Anthony 1 Johnston, Paul 1 Nakada, Masao 2 Yokoyama, Yusuke 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia  2: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan  3: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 22 Issue 2-4, p309; Subject Term: GLACIERS; Subject Term: SHORELINES; Subject Term: AUSTRALIA; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamboj, Sunita
AU  - Kahn, Bernd
T1  - Use of Monte Carlo simulation to examine gamma-ray interactions in germanium detectors
JO  - Radiation Measurements
JF  - Radiation Measurements
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13504487
AB  - Monte Carlo simulation results that were known to agree with efficiencies measured by means of radioactivity standards for two germanium detectors of very different sizes were used to examine efficiency responses to gamma rays of detectors that could not be measured directly or that would require use of numerous detectors. Contributions to the full-energy peak by multiple scattering of gamma rays preceding the photoelectric interaction were tabulated. The applicability of the commonly used straight-line relationship in logarithmic coordinates to plot intrinsic efficiency versus energy was tested for 14 detectors with widely different dimensions. Published empirical equations for predicting efficiency versus energy on the basis of detector volume were compared with simulation results. An equation that appears to be applicable to a wider range of volumes was obtained. The development of this equation makes it possible to evaluate the efficiencies of detectors with a wide range of volumes without necessitating direct measurement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Measurements is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - GERMANIUM diodes
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - Full-energy-peak efficiency
KW  - Gamma-ray interaction
KW  - Germanium detectors
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Multiple scattering coefficient
N1  - Accession Number: 8900883; Kamboj, Sunita 1,2; Email Address: skamboj@anl.gov Kahn, Bernd 1; Affiliation:  1: Health Physics and Nuclear Engineering Program, School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  2: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Bldg. 900, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: GERMANIUM diodes; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Full-energy-peak efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple scattering coefficient; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooke, D.W.
AU  - Muenchausen, R.E.
AU  - Bennett, B.L.
AU  - Wrobleski, D.A.
AU  - Orler, E.B.
T1  - Singlet and triplet emission from methylenediphenyl-diisocyanate-based poly(ester urethane): determination of the energy-level diagram
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 66
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Optical absorption and luminescence measurements have been made on 4,4′-methylenediphenyl 1,1′-diisocyanate (MDI)-based poly(ester urethane) (PESU) and model compounds diphenylmethane (DPM) and butanol-capped MDI. Phosphorescence spectra of the three samples are nearly identical with maxima at 527, 488, 451, and 422 nm. However, onset of strong optical absorption near 300 nm in PESU and MDI precludes observation of the corresponding fluorescence spectrum. In contrast, DPM exhibits weaker absorption with onset occurring near 270 nm. Consequently, its fluorescence spectrum is revealed and characterized by maxima at 302, 294, 286, and 279 nm. From these data we derive the energy-level diagram for PESU and show that phosphorescence is due to electronic transitions between the first excited triplet and singlet ground states (<f>T1→S0</f>), whereas fluorescence transitions occur between both first and second excited singlet and ground states (<f>S1→S0</f>, and <f>S2→S0</f>). The experimentally derived values are in good agreement with previously published theoretical values for the electronic excited states of PESU. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - Diphenylmethane
KW  - Energy level
KW  - Luminescence
KW  - Poly(ester urethane)
N1  - Accession Number: 9051013; Cooke, D.W. 1; Email Address: cooke@lanl.gov Muenchausen, R.E. 1 Bennett, B.L. 1 Wrobleski, D.A. 2 Orler, E.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-8, MSE546, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-7, MSE549, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 66 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Diphenylmethane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy level; Author-Supplied Keyword: Luminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(ester urethane); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gold, Lois Swirsky
AU  - Gaylor, David W.
AU  - Slone, Thomas H.
T1  - Comparison of cancer risk estimates based on a variety of risk assessment methodologies
JO  - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP
JF  - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 02732300
AB  - The EPA guidelines recommend a benchmark dose as a point of departure (PoD) for low-dose cancer risk assessment. Generally the PoD is the lower 95% confidence limit on the dose estimated to produce an extra lifetime cancer risk of 10% (<f>LTD10</f>). Due to the relatively narrow range of doses in two-year bioassays and the limited range of statistically significant tumor incidence rates, the estimate of the <f>LTD10</f> is constrained to a relatively narrow range of values. Because of this constraint, simple, quick estimates of the <f>LTD10</f> can be readily obtained for hundreds of rodent carcinogens from the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) of Gold et al. Three estimation procedures for <f>LTD10</f> are described, using increasing information from the CPDB: (A) based on only the maximum tolerated dose (the highest dose tested); (B) based on the <f>TD50</f>; and (C) based on the <f>TD50</f> and its lower 99% confidence limit. As expected, results indicate overall similarity of the <f>LTD10</f> estimates and the value of using additional information. For Method (C) the estimator based on the [<f>{(TD50)0.36×(LoConf)0.64}/6.6</f>] is generally similar to the estimator based on the one-hit model or multistage model <f>LTD10</f>. This simple estimate of the <f>LTD10</f> is applicable for both linear and curved dose responses with high or low background tumor rates, and whether the confidence limits on the <f>TD50</f> are wide or tight. The EPA guidelines provide for a margin of exposure approach if data are sufficient to support a nonlinear dose–response. The reference dose for cancer for a nonlinear dose–response curve based on a 10,000-fold uncertainty (safety) factor from the <f>LTD10</f>, i.e., the <f>LTD10</f>/10,000, is mathematically equivalent to the value for a linear extrapolation from the <f>LTD10</f> to the dose corresponding to a cancer risk of <f><</f><f>10−5</f> (<f>LTD10</f>/10,000). The cancer risk at <f><</f><f>10−5</f> obtained by using the <f>q1*</f> from the multistage model, is similar to <f>LTD10</f>/10,000. For a nonlinear case, an uncertainty factor of less than 10,000 is likely to be used, which would result in a higher (less stringent) acceptable exposure level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Cancer -- Risk factors
N1  - Accession Number: 9344385; Gold, Lois Swirsky 1,2; Email Address: cpdb@potency.berkeley.edu; Gaylor, David W. 3; Slone, Thomas H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Sciences International Inc., 13815 Abinger Ct., Little Rock, AR 72212, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p45; Thesaurus Term: Carcinogens; Subject Term: Cancer -- Risk factors; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0273-2300(02)00026-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pastino, G.M.
AU  - Kousba, A.A.
AU  - Sultatos, L.G.
AU  - Flynn, E.J.
T1  - Derivation of occupational exposure limits based on target blood concentrations in humans
JO  - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP
JF  - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
SN  - 02732300
AB  - An approach for deriving occupational exposure limits (OEL) for pharmaceutical compounds is the application of safety factors to the most appropriate pre-clinical toxicity endpoint or the lowest therapeutic dose (LTD) in humans. Use of this methodology can be limited when there are inadequate pre-clinical toxicity data or lack of a well-defined therapeutic dose, and does not include pharmacokinetic considerations. Although some methods have been developed that incorporate pharmacokinetics, these methods do not take into consideration variability in response. The purpose of this study was to investigate how application of compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling could be used to assist in the derivation of OELs based on target blood concentrations in humans. Quinidine was used as the sample compound for the development of this methodology though the intent was not to set an OEL for quinidine but rather to develop an alternative approach for the determination of OELs. The parameters for the model include body weight, breathing rate, and chemical-specific pharmacokinetic constants in humans, data typically available for pharmaceutical agents prior to large scale manufacturing. The model is used to simulate exposure concentrations that would result in levels below those that may result in any undesirable pharmacological effect, taking into account the variability in parameters through incorporation of Monte Carlo sampling. Application of this methodology may decrease some uncertainty that is inherent in default approaches by eliminating the use of safety factors and extrapolation from animals to humans. This methodology provides a biologically based approach by taking into consideration the pharmacokinetics in humans and reported therapeutic or toxic blood concentrations to guide in the selection of the internal dose-metric. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Threshold limit values (Industrial toxicology)
KW  - Industrial hygiene
KW  - Occupational exposure limits
KW  - Pharmaceuticals
KW  - Safety factors
KW  - Toxicokinetics
KW  - Uncertainty factors
KW  - Variability
N1  - Accession Number: 9344391; Pastino, G.M. 1; Email Address: gina.pastino@spcorp.com; Kousba, A.A. 2; Sultatos, L.G. 3; Flynn, E.J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Lafayette, NJ, USA; 2: Battelle, Pacific Northwest National laboratory Division, Richmond, WA, USA; 3: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, UMDNJ—New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p66; Thesaurus Term: Threshold limit values (Industrial toxicology); Thesaurus Term: Industrial hygiene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Occupational exposure limits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pharmaceuticals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safety factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxicokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variability; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0273-2300(02)00028-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prasad, S.V.
AU  - Michael, J.R.
AU  - Christenson, T.R.
T1  - EBSD studies on wear-induced subsurface regions in LIGA nickel
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 48
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The application of focused ion beam techniques to prepare cross-sections of wear tracks is presented. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis of wear scars on electroformed Ni revealed the formation of two subsurface zones, each with its own characteristic features. Formation of low-angle grain boundaries and spread in the orientation of pole figures were also observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD)
KW  - Focused ion beam (FIB)
KW  - Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
KW  - Wear
N1  - Accession Number: 8547450; Prasad, S.V.; Email Address: svprasa@sandia.gov Michael, J.R. 1 Christenson, T.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Materials and Process Sciences Center, Albuquerque NM 87185-0889, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 48 Issue 3, p255; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Focused ion beam (FIB); Author-Supplied Keyword: Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham, S.
AU  - Yang, N.
T1  - Representative volumes of materials based on microstructural statistics
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 48
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The length scale over which microstructural statistical quantities fluctuate was measured using image analysis. The data show that these quantities stabilize over different length scales due to a non-uniform distribution in second phase particles. These results have implications in choosing representative volumes of materials for mechanical testing and analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - STEEL
KW  - HY-100 steel
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - Representative volume element
KW  - Second phase particles
N1  - Accession Number: 8547452; Graham, S.; Email Address: sgraham@sandia.gov Yang, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Microsystems and Experimental Mechanics, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9409, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 48 Issue 3, p269; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: STEEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: HY-100 steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Representative volume element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Second phase particles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wallbrink, P.J.
AU  - Martin, C.E.
AU  - Wilson, C.J.
T1  - Quantifying the contributions of sediment, sediment-P and fertiliser-P from forested, cultivated and pasture areas at the landuse and catchment scale using fallout radionuclides and geochemistry
JO  - Soil & Tillage Research
JF  - Soil & Tillage Research
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 01671987
AB  - In this paper we use a combination of fallout nuclides and geochemistry to determine the contributions of sediment and sediment bound phosphorus (sed-P) from the major diffuse sources in the Bundella Creek catchment (8700 ha), NSW, Australia. Sources include surface erosion from cultivated, pasture and steep forested land as well as subsoil erosion from channels and gullies. We determine these contributions to the <10 μm fraction of deposited sediments. Concentrations of P were higher in the surface soils of each landuse than the underlying subsoils, and erosion from these contributed more to offsite sediment-P (∼60%) than did subsoil erosion at the individual landuse scale. At the catchment outlet, the amount of surface sediment eroded from cultivated lands was a factor of ∼84 higher than from pastures; the steep forested lands contributed ∼9 times more than pastures. Sed-P eroded from cultivated land was ∼42 times higher than from pasturelands; the forests were ∼8 times greater than from pastures. At the catchment outlet the largest contribution of sediment (∼70%) and sed-P (∼62%) was from subsoil erosion of gullies and channels within and between the different landuse areas. There was little contribution of sediment or sed-P at the catchment scale from surface erosion of pastures. Concentrations of P were highest in ‘storm event’ suspended sediment samples taken from the pasture and cultivated areas without gullies. In a suite of samples selected for their high P contents, fertiliser P was detected in two storm event suspended sediment samples and one deposited sediment sample, using the ratio of Nd/P. This suggests fertiliser P may be transported-off landsurfaces with sediments and contribute to offsite sediment-P concentrations in some situations. However, the fertiliser contributions were episodic and variable; and probably influenced by particle size selectivity as well as timing of fertiliser application with respect to size and occurrence of subsequent rainfall. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil & Tillage Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAND use
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Diffuse sources
KW  - Eutrophication
KW  - Fallout radionuclides
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Landuse
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Sediment delivery
KW  - Soil erosion
N1  - Accession Number: 9159794; Wallbrink, P.J. 1,2; Email Address: peter.wallbrink@cbr.csiro.au Martin, C.E. 3 Wilson, C.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: CSIRO, Division of Land and Water, c/o Christian Building, P.O. Box 1666, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia  2: Co-operative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology, P.O. Box 1666, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia  3: Department of Geology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Environmental Science, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 69 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: LAND use; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffuse sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eutrophication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fallout radionuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Landuse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphorus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment delivery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil erosion; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reda, Ibrahim
AU  - Stoffel, Tom
AU  - Myers, Daryl
T1  - A method to calibrate a solar pyranometer for measuring reference diffuse irradiance
JO  - Solar Energy
JF  - Solar Energy
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 0038092X
AB  - Accurate pyranometer calibrations, traceable to internationally recognized standards, are critical for solar irradiance measurements. One calibration method is the component summation, where the pyranometers are calibrated outdoors under clear sky conditions, and the reference global solar irradiance is calculated as the sum of two reference components, the diffuse and subtended beam solar irradiances. The beam component is measured with pyrheliometers traceable to the World Radiometric Reference, while there is no internationally recognized reference for the diffuse component. In the absence of such a reference, we present a method to consistently calibrate pyranometers for measuring the diffuse component with an estimated uncertainty of ±(3% of reading+1 W/m2). The method is based on using a modified shade/unshade method, and pyranometers with less than 1 W/m2 thermal offset errors. We evaluated the consistency of our method by calibrating three pyranometers four times. Calibration results show that the responsivity change is within ±0.52% for the three pyranometers. We also evaluated the effect of calibrating pyranometers unshaded, then using them shaded to measure diffuse irradiance. We calibrated three unshaded pyranometers using the component summation method. Their outdoor measurements of clear sky diffuse irradiance, from sunrise to sundown, showed that the three calibrated pyranometers can be used to measure the diffuse irradiance to within ±1.4 W/m2 variation from the reference irradiance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Sky
KW  - Standardization
KW  - Physical measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 10007846; Reda, Ibrahim; Email Address: ibrahim_reda@nrel.gov; Stoffel, Tom 1; Myers, Daryl 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 74 Issue 2, p103; Subject Term: Calibration; Subject Term: Solar radiation; Subject Term: Sky; Subject Term: Standardization; Subject Term: Physical measurements; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-092X(03)00124-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi, J.
AU  - Musfeldt, J.L.
AU  - Wang, Y.J.
AU  - Dhalenne, G.
AU  - Revcolevschi, A.
T1  - Interchain impurity substitution effects on the magnetoelastic coupling in CuGeO3
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 125
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We report the polarized far-infrared transmittance of Si-doped CuGeO3 single crystals as a function of impurity concentration and applied magnetic field at low temperature. We use the behavior of the 44 cm−1 spin gap excitation and the 98 cm−1 zone-folding mode structure to investigate the interaction between the magnetic system and the lattice distortion. We find that interchain impurity substitution collapses the spin gap before it suppresses the lattice dimerization, a result that is understood in terms of the relative length scales for lattice distortion and spin singlet formation as well as criteria for magnetoelastic coupling in chains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MAGNETOSTRICTION
KW  - COPPER alloys
KW  - A. Spin-Peierls
KW  - C. Impurity substitution
KW  - D. Lattice–spin dynamics
KW  - E. Light absorption
N1  - Accession Number: 8900850; Choi, J. 1; Email Address: choi@novell.chem.utk.edu Musfeldt, J.L. 1 Wang, Y.J. 2 Dhalenne, G. 3 Revcolevschi, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Etat Solide, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cédex, France; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 125 Issue 5, p271; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTRICTION; Subject Term: COPPER alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Spin-Peierls; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Impurity substitution; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Lattice–spin dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Light absorption; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(02)00802-5
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Georgieva, Dessislava Nikolova
AU  - Genov, Nicolay
AU  - Nikolov, Peter
AU  - Aleksiev, Boris
AU  - Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.
AU  - Voelter, Wolfgang
AU  - Betzel, Christian
T1  - Structure–function relationships in the neurotoxin Vipoxin from the venom of Vipera ammodytes meridionalis
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 617
SN  - 13861425
AB  - The neurotoxic complex Vipoxin is the lethal component of the venom of Vipera ammodytes meridionalis, the most toxic snake in Europe. It is a complex between a toxic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and a non-toxic and catalytically inactive protein, stabilizing the enzyme and reducing the activity and toxicity. Structure–function relationships in this complex were studied by spectroscopic methods. A good correlation between the ionization behaviour and accessible surface area (ASA) of the tyrosyl residues was observed. In the toxic PLA2 subunit phenolic groups participate in H-bonding network that stabilizes the catalytically and pharmacologically active conformation. The tryptophan fluorescence decay of Vipoxin is well fitted by two exponentials with lifetimes of 0.1 (54%) and 2.5 (46%) ns. W20P, W31P and W31I are located in the interface between the two subunits and participate in hydrophobic interactions stabilizing the complex. Dissociation of the complex leads to a transition of the tryptophans from hydrophobic to hydrophilic environment, which influences mainly τ2. The longer lifetime is more sensitive to the polarity of the environment. Circular dichroism measurements demonstrate that the two components of the neurotoxin preserve their secondary structure after dissociation of the complex. The results of the spectroscopic studies are in accordance with a mechanism of blockade of transmission across the neuromuscular junctions of the breathing muscles by interaction of a dissociated toxic PLA2 with a membrane. The loss of toxicity is connected with slight changes in the secondary structure of PLA2. CD studies also show a substantial contribution of disulfide bonds to the stability of the neurotoxic complex and its components. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIPERA
KW  - AMMODYTES
KW  - SNAKES
KW  - TOXINS
KW  - EUROPE
KW  - ASA, accessible surface area
KW  - Inh, inhibitor
KW  - P and I in the numbering system for tyrosines and tryptophans mean PLA2 and Inh components of Vipoxin, respectively
KW  - PLA2, phospholipase A2
N1  - Accession Number: 8805115; Georgieva, Dessislava Nikolova 1 Genov, Nicolay 1; Email Address: genov_n@yahoo.com Nikolov, Peter 1 Aleksiev, Boris 2 Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R. 3 Voelter, Wolfgang 4 Betzel, Christian 5; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria  2: University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria  3: Frederick and Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, New York 11973, USA  4: Abteilung für Physikalische Biochemie, Physiologisch-chemisches Institut der Universität, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 4, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany  5: Institut für Medizinische Biochemie und Molekularbiologie der Universitäts Klinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf c/o DESY, Notkestraße 85, Geb. 22a, 22603 Hamburg, Germany; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p617; Subject Term: VIPERA; Subject Term: AMMODYTES; Subject Term: SNAKES; Subject Term: TOXINS; Subject Term: EUROPE; Author-Supplied Keyword: ASA, accessible surface area; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inh, inhibitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: P and I in the numbering system for tyrosines and tryptophans mean PLA2 and Inh components of Vipoxin, respectively; Author-Supplied Keyword: PLA2, phospholipase A2; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lea, A.S.
AU  - Hurt, T.T.
AU  - El-Azab, A.
AU  - Amonette, J.E.
AU  - Baer, D.R.
T1  - Heteroepitaxial growth of a manganese carbonate secondary nano-phase on the (1 0 <f>1¯</f> 4) surface of calcite in solution
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 524
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Heteroepitaxy of a manganese carbonate phase with nano-meter dimensions on the (1 0 <f>1¯</f> 4) surface of calcite (CaCO3) using an AFM has been observed in solution during dissolution of calcite when the ion activity product of Mn<f>2+</f> and CO<f>32−</f> nears the solubility limit of MnCO3. Growth rate observations at different Mn concentrations, coupled with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements, suggest that the resulting phase is Mn0.5Ca0.5CO3. These islands, while growing many microns in length along the [2 <f>2¯</f> 1] direction, have a uniform width in the range of 120–240 nm and a uniform height of approximately 2.7 nm, corresponding to nine atomic layers. The islands cease growing when they encounter step edges and have been observed to dissolve when undercut by a growing etch pit.Comparison of the crystal lattices of calcite and Mn0.5Ca0.5CO3 indicates that [2 <f>2¯</f> 1] is the direction of preferred growth. A glued-wetting-layer model with a condition of constant surface chemical potential has been used to model the observed cross section of the heteroepitaxial layer. Although not all the required parameters are accurately known, the model accurately depicts the measured profiles of the islands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Solid–liquid interfaces
KW  - Surface stress
N1  - Accession Number: 8928952; Lea, A.S.; Email Address: scott.lea@pnl.gov Hurt, T.T. 1 El-Azab, A. 1 Amonette, J.E. 1 Baer, D.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-93, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 524 Issue 1-3, p63; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–liquid interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface stress; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adib, K.
AU  - Mullins, D.R.
AU  - Totir, G.
AU  - Camillone III, N.
AU  - Fitts, J.P.
AU  - Rim, K.T.
AU  - Flynn, G.W.
AU  - Osgood Jr., R.M.
T1  - Dissociative adsorption of CCl4 on the Fe3O4(1 1 1)-(<f>2×2</f>) selvedge of <f>α</f>-Fe2O3(0 0 0 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 524
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The surface reactions of CCl4 with the Fe3O4(1 1 1)-(<f>2×2</f>) selvedge of naturally occurring <f>α</f>-Fe2O3(0 0 0 1) single-crystals have been investigated using synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). CCl4 was found to dissociate on the Fe3O4 surface at 100 K producing chemisorbed Cl and adsorbed CCl2. TPD shows that the large majority of the dissociatively adsorbed CCl2 fragments extract lattice oxygen and desorb as phosgene at <f>></f>275 K. However, the XPS spectra show no evidence for the formation of surface-bound phosgene, at 100 K, indicating that its formation involves two steps. The first step, dissociation, is spontaneous at 100 K, whereas the second, oxygen atom abstraction to form phosgene, requires thermal excitation. Cl chemisorption yielded two separate species, the mono- and dichloride terminations of surface iron sites. The identification of these two surface terminations is based on the coverage dependence and the surface temperature history of their Cl 2p3/2 peak intensity. For example, heating to <f>></f>450 K allows the monochloride to transform into iron dichloride, indicating Cl adatom mobility at these temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - Halides
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - Molecule–solid reactions
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Thermal desorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8928957; Adib, K. 1 Mullins, D.R. 2 Totir, G. 3 Camillone III, N. 3,4 Fitts, J.P. 3 Rim, K.T. 3 Flynn, G.W. 3 Osgood Jr., R.M. 3,4; Email Address: osgood@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Program, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 524 Issue 1-3, p113; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecule–solid reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brako, Emmanuel E.
AU  - Wilson, Allison K.
AU  - Jonah, Margaret M.
AU  - Blum, Carmen A.
AU  - Cerny, Elizabeth A.
AU  - Williams, Kanesha L.
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Maryka H.
T1  - Cadmium Pathways during Gestation and Lactation in Control versus Metallothoinein 1,2-Knockout Mice.
JO  - Toxicological Sciences
JF  - Toxicological Sciences
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 71
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 154
EP  - 163
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10966080
AB  - Effects of metallothionein (MT) on cadmium absorption and transfer pathways during gestation and lactation in mice were investigated. Female 129/SvJ metallothionein-knockout (MT1,2KO) and metallothionein-normal (MTN) mice received drinking water containing trace amounts of 109CdCl2 (0.15 ng Cd/ml; 0.074 μCi 109Cd/ml). 109Cd and MT in maternal, fetal, and pup tissues were measured on gestation days 7, 14, and 17 and lactation day 11. In dams, MT influenced both the amount of 109Cd transferred from intestine into body (two- to three-fold higher in MT1,2KO than MTN dams) and tissue-specific 109Cd distribution (higher liver/kidney ratio in MT1,2KO dams). Placental 109Cd concentrations in MT1,2KO dams were three- and seven-fold higher on gestation days 14 and 17, respectively, than in MTN dams. Fetal 109Cd levels were low in both mouse types, but at least 10-fold lower in MTN fetuses. MT had no effect on the amount of 109Cd transferred to pups via milk; furthermore, 85–90% of total pup 109Cd was recovered in gastrointestinal tracts of both types, despite high duodenal MT only in MTN pups. A relatively large percentage of milk-derived intestinal 109Cd was transferred to other pup tissues in both MT1,2KO and MTN pups (14 and 10%, respectively). These results demonstrate that specific sequestration of cadmium by both maternal and neonatal intestinal tract does not require MT. Although MT decreased oral cadmium transfer from intestine to body tissues at low cadmium exposure levels, MT did not play a major role in restricting transfer of cadmium from dam to fetus via placenta and to neonate via milk. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicological Sciences is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium -- Physiological effect
KW  - Metallothionein
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - Lactation
KW  - Mice as laboratory animals
KW  - cadmium
KW  - gestation
KW  - lactation
KW  - metallothionein
KW  - mice
KW  - pregnancy
N1  - Accession Number: 44406469; Brako, Emmanuel E. 1; Wilson, Allison K. 2; Jonah, Margaret M. 3; Blum, Carmen A. 4; Cerny, Elizabeth A. 4; Williams, Kanesha L. 4; Bhattacharyya, Maryka H. 4; Email Address: mhbhatt@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biology Department, Winona State University, Winona, Minnesota 55987; 2: Biological Sciences Department, Benedictine University, Lisle, Illinois 60532; 3: Department of Natural Sciences, Dominican University, River Forest, Illinois 60305; 4: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 71 Issue 2, p154; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: Metallothionein; Subject Term: Pregnancy; Subject Term: Lactation; Subject Term: Mice as laboratory animals; Author-Supplied Keyword: cadmium; Author-Supplied Keyword: gestation; Author-Supplied Keyword: lactation; Author-Supplied Keyword: metallothionein; Author-Supplied Keyword: mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: pregnancy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frome, Edward L.
AU  - Newman, Lee S.
AU  - Cragle, Donna L.
AU  - Colyer, Shirley P.
AU  - Wambach, Paul F.
T1  - Identification of an abnormal beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test
JO  - Toxicology
JF  - Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 183
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 0300483X
AB  - The potential hazards from exposure to beryllium or beryllium compounds in the workplace were first reported in the 1930s. The tritiated thymidine beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) is an in vitro blood test that is widely used to screen beryllium exposed workers in the nuclear industry for sensitivity to beryllium. The clinical significance of the BeLPT was described and a standard protocol was developed in the late 1980s. Cell proliferation is measured by the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into dividing cells on two culture dates and using three concentrations of beryllium sulfate. Results are expressed as a ‘stimulation index’ (SI) which is the ratio of the amount of tritiated thymidine (measured by beta counts) in the simulated cells divided by the counts for the unstimulated cells on the same culture day. Several statistical methods for use in the routine analysis of the BeLPT were proposed in the early 1990s. The least absolute values (LAV) method was recommended for routine analysis of the BeLPT. This report further evaluates the LAV method using new data, and proposes a new method for identification of an abnormal or borderline test. This new statistical–biological positive (SBP) method reflects the clinical judgment that: (i) at least two SIs show a ‘positive’ response to beryllium; and (ii) that the maximum of the six SIs must exceed a cut-point that is determined from a reference data set of normal individuals whose blood has been tested by the same method in the same serum. The new data is from the Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge (Y-12) and consists of 1080 workers and 33 non-exposed control BeLPTs (all tested in the same serum). Graphical results are presented to explain the statistical method, and the new SBP method is applied to the Y-12 group. The true positive rate and specificity of the new method were estimated to be 86% and 97%, respectively. An electronic notebook that is accessible via the Internet was used in this work and contains background information and details not included in the paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM compounds
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - Be, beryllium
KW  - BeLPT, beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test
KW  - CBD, chronic beryllium disease
KW  - LAV, least absolute values
KW  - ORISE, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
KW  - q–q, quantile–quantile
KW  - ROC, receiver operating characteristic
KW  - SBP, statistical–biological positive
KW  - SE, standard error
KW  - SI, stimulation index
KW  - SLsi, standardized Ln(SI)
N1  - Accession Number: 8723246; Frome, Edward L. 1; Email Address: fromeel@ornl.gov Newman, Lee S. 2 Cragle, Donna L. 3 Colyer, Shirley P. 3 Wambach, Paul F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO, USA  3: Center for Epidemiologic Research, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  4: U.S. Department of Energy, Germantown, MD, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 183 Issue 1-3, p39; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM compounds; Subject Term: LYMPHOCYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Be, beryllium; Author-Supplied Keyword: BeLPT, beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test; Author-Supplied Keyword: CBD, chronic beryllium disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: LAV, least absolute values; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORISE, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; Author-Supplied Keyword: q–q, quantile–quantile; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROC, receiver operating characteristic; Author-Supplied Keyword: SBP, statistical–biological positive; Author-Supplied Keyword: SE, standard error; Author-Supplied Keyword: SI, stimulation index; Author-Supplied Keyword: SLsi, standardized Ln(SI); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Verruijt, A.
AU  - Sagaseta, C.
AU  - Strack, O.E.
T1  - Predictions of ground deformations in shallow tunnels in clay1<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Discussion by A. Verruijt (Delft University of Technology, Netherlands), C. Sagaseta (Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain), and O.E. Strack (Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, USA).</fn> Wei-I. Chou; Antonio Bobet, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 17, pp 3–19
JO  - Tunneling & Underground Space Technology
JF  - Tunneling & Underground Space Technology
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 93
SN  - 08867798
N1  - Accession Number: 9232908; Verruijt, A. 1; Email Address: a.verruijt@planet.nl Sagaseta, C. 2 Strack, O.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Delft University of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Stevinweg 1, Delft 2628 CN, The Netherlands  2: Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p93; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0886-7798(02)00104-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holt, Robert M.
AU  - Wilson, John L.
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
T1  - Error in unsaturated stochastic models parameterized with field data.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/02//
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We use Monte Carlo error analysis to illustrate the impact of measurement errors in field-estimated hydraulic properties on predictions made with 1D and 3D unconditional stochastic models of unsaturated flow and transport. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted across a series of simplified artificial realities completely described by the Gardner-Russo parametric model. The mean values of properties are varied between simulations to elucidate the relationship between true properties and prediction errors. Hydraulic properties are reestimated by simulating tension infiltrometer measurements in the presence of small simple errors. Two types of observation error are considered, along with one inversion-model error resulting from poor contact between the instrument and the medium. Errors in the spatial statistics of hydraulic properties cause critical stochastic model assumptions to be violated, limiting the usable parameter space for model predictions. Even where critical assumptions are valid, stochastic model predictions show significant error, and the magnitude and pattern of error changes with the true property means, the flow conditions, and the type of measurement error. Mean velocities may show errors up to an order of magnitude. The velocity variance is overestimated by up to three orders of magnitude during 3D flow and eight orders of magnitude during 1D flow. The 1D velocity integral scale is underestimated by as much as five orders of magnitude. The estimates for 1D longitudinal macrodispersivity are surprisingly robust and show relatively small error across most of the parameter space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - geostatistics
KW  - inversion model error
KW  - measurement error
KW  - spatial bias
KW  - stochastic models
KW  - unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87143936; Holt, Robert M. 1; Wilson, John L. 2; Glass, Robert J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, University of Mississippi; 2: Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology; 3: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 2, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: geostatistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: inversion model error; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurement error; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic models; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000544
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henrie, Melinda S.
AU  - Kurimasa, Akihiro
AU  - Burma, Sandeep
AU  - Ménissier-de Murcia, Josiane
AU  - de Murcia, Gilbert
AU  - Li, Gloria C.
AU  - Chen, David J.
T1  - Lethality in PARP-1/Ku80 double mutant mice reveals physiological synergy during early embryogenesis
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2003/02/03/
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 15687864
AB  - Ku is an abundant heterodimeric nuclear protein, consisting of 70- and 86-kDa tightly associated subunits that comprise the DNA binding component of DNA-dependent protein kinase. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a 113-kDa protein that catalyzes the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) on target proteins. Both Ku and PARP-1 recognize and bind to DNA ends. Ku functions in the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway whereas PARP-1 functions in the single strand break repair and base excision repair (BER) pathways. Recent studies have revealed that PARP-1 and Ku80 interact in vitro. To determine whether the association of PARP-1 and Ku80 has any physiological significance or synergistic function in vivo, mice lacking both PARP-1 and Ku80 were generated. The resulting offspring died during embryonic development displaying abnormalities around the gastrulation stage. In addition, PARP-1−/−/Ku80−/− cultured blastocysts had an increased level of apoptosis. These data suggest that the functions of both Ku80 and PARP-1 are essential for normal embryogenesis and that a loss of genomic integrity leading to cell death through apoptosis is likely the cause of the embryonic lethality observed in these mice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - DNA
KW  - Base excision repair
KW  - Embryonic lethality
KW  - Homologous repair
KW  - Ku80
KW  - PARP-1
N1  - Accession Number: 8900644; Henrie, Melinda S. 1,2 Kurimasa, Akihiro 1 Burma, Sandeep 1 Ménissier-de Murcia, Josiane 3 de Murcia, Gilbert 3 Li, Gloria C. 4 Chen, David J. 1; Email Address: djchen@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA  3: Ecole Superieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France  4: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 2 Issue 2, p151; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Base excision repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: Embryonic lethality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homologous repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ku80; Author-Supplied Keyword: PARP-1; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carena, M.
AU  - Quirós, M.
AU  - Seco, M.
AU  - Wagner, C.E.M.
T1  - Improved results in supersymmetric electroweak baryogenesis
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/02/03/
VL  - 650
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Electroweak baryogenesis provides a very attractive scenario to explain the origin of the baryon asymmetry. The mechanism of electroweak baryogenesis makes use of the baryon number anomaly and relies on physics that can be tested experimentally. It is today understood that, if the Higgs mass is not larger than 120 GeV, this mechanism may be effective within supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. In this work, we reconsider the question of baryon number generation at the electroweak phase transition within the context of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. We derive the relevant diffusion equations, give a consistent definition of the sources, and compare our results with those appearing in the recent literature on this subject. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARYON number
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 8762857; Carena, M. 1 Quirós, M. 2; Email Address: mariano@makoki.iem.csic.es Seco, M. 3 Wagner, C.E.M. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (CSIC), Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain  3: Department of Physics, University of Virginia, 382 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4714, USA  4: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 650 Issue 1/2, p24; Subject Term: BARYON number; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(02)01065-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Servant, Géraldine
AU  - Tait, Tim M.P.
T1  - Is the lightest Kaluza–Klein particle a viable dark matter candidate?
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/02/03/
VL  - 650
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
SN  - 05503213
AB  - In models with universal extra dimensions (i.e., in which all Standard Model fields, including fermions, propagate into compact extra dimensions) momentum conservation in the extra dimensions leads to the conservation of Kaluza–Klein (KK) number at each vertex. KK number is violated by loop effects because of the orbifold imposed to reproduce the chiral Standard Model with zero modes, however, a KK parity remains at any order in perturbation theory which leads to the existence of a stable lightest KK particle (LKP). In addition, the degeneracy in the KK spectrum is lifted by radiative corrections so that all other KK particles eventually decay into the LKP. We investigate cases where the Standard Model lives in five or six dimensions with compactification radius of TeV<f>−1</f> size and the LKP is the first massive state in the KK tower of either the photon or the neutrino. We derive the relic density of the LKP under a variety of assumptions about the spectrum of first tier KK modes. We find that both the KK photon and the KK neutrino, with masses at the TeV scale, may have appropriate annihilation cross sections to account for the dark matter, <f>ΩM∼0.3</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KALUZA-Klein theories
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - 12.60.-i
N1  - Accession Number: 8762868; Servant, Géraldine 1,2; Email Address: servant@theory.uchicago.edu Tait, Tim M.P. 1; Email Address: tait@hep.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 650 Issue 1/2, p391; Subject Term: KALUZA-Klein theories; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.-i; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wunderlich, B.
T1  - The three reversible crystallization and melting processes of semicrystalline macromolecules
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/02/05/
VL  - 396
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 00406031
AB  - Linear, flexible macromolecules have long been recognized as being distributed between different metastable phases limited to micrometer and nanometer dimensions with their strong, covalent bonds crossing the phase boundaries. This structure leads to special properties and a multitude of changes are caused by differing thermal and mechanical histories. Temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) and related thermal analysis techniques which can separate equilibrium and non-equilibrium responses within a sample are ideal for the analysis of such systems. A surprising observation in the last 5 years has been that there are some local, reversible ordering and disordering processes within this overall metastable aggregate. Three different reversible processes with latent heats have been identified and will be discussed using the example of polyethylene crystals: (1) The formation of larger concentrations of defects within the crystals. (2) The melting of small, paraffin-like crystals existing within the metastable arrangement. (3) The reversible, partial melting of chains at high-temperature which avoids molecular nucleation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - Melting
KW  - Semicrystalline polymers
KW  - Temperature-modulated calorimetry
KW  - TMDSC
N1  - Accession Number: 8928329; Wunderlich, B. 1,2; Email Address: wunderlich@chartertn.net; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Science Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 396 Issue 1/2, p33; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semicrystalline polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature-modulated calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMDSC; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pak, Jeongihm
AU  - Pyda, Marek
AU  - Wunderlich, Bernhard
T1  - Temperature-modulated calorimetry of hexacontane and oligomer fractions of poly(oxyethylene) and poly(oxytetramethylene)
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/02/05/
VL  - 396
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 00406031
AB  - The paraffin hexacontane, C60H122, and oligomeric fractions of poly(oxyethylene), POE, and poly(oxytetramethylene), POTM, of varying low molar masses were studied with temperature-modulated calorimetry. The analyses were by standard differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and quasi-isothermal, temperature-modulated DSC, TMDSC. Small sample masses were examined with temperature amplitudes from 0.05 to 2.5 K, using periods of 60 s. The supercooling decreases with molar mass for all three types of samples. The melting varied between fully irreversible, reversing, and largely reversible. There are no major differences in supercooling between extended- and folded-chain crystals. Due to conformational contributions, all crystals increase their heat capacities within the melting range from the level set by the vibrational spectrum to that of the liquid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARAFFIN wax
KW  - SUPERCOOLING
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - DSC
KW  - Hexacontane
KW  - Melting
KW  - Oligo(oxyethylene)
KW  - Oligo(oxytetramethylene)
KW  - Paraffin
KW  - Polyethylene
KW  - Quasi-isothermal TMDSC
KW  - Supercooling
N1  - Accession Number: 8928330; Pak, Jeongihm 1; Email Address: wunderlich@charterTN.net Pyda, Marek 2 Wunderlich, Bernhard; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 396 Issue 1/2, p43; Subject Term: PARAFFIN wax; Subject Term: SUPERCOOLING; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hexacontane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oligo(oxyethylene); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oligo(oxytetramethylene); Author-Supplied Keyword: Paraffin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-isothermal TMDSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercooling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamasa, P.
AU  - Pyda, M.
AU  - Buzin, A.
AU  - Wunderlich, B.
T1  - Frequency dependence of the heat capacity of polystyrene in the glass transition region measured by multi-frequency light-modulated DSC
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/02/05/
VL  - 396
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 00406031
AB  - The reversing heat capacity of polystyrene has been measured in the glass transition region as a function of frequency by temperature-modulated DSC using infra-red light for the modulation. The mean temperature was controlled by the calorimeter operating in the standard DSC mode. The additional power transferred to the specimens is obtained by infra-red diodes with their mean power controlled by a pulse-width modulation method. This method allows to synthesize sinusoidal temperature-profiles with negligible distortion with frequencies of up to 0.125 Hz. The experiments were carried out using multi-frequency temperature-profiles composed by superposition of four sinusoidal modulations of periods of 243, 81, 27, and 9 s, which cover the frequency range from the 1st to the 27th harmonic. To study the kinetics in the glass transition region, the thermal history was produced by cooling the samples at different rates. The results and the advantages of the new method are discussed and compared to a series of less-precise separate single-frequency analyses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - DSC
KW  - Frequency-dependent heat capacity
KW  - Glass transition
KW  - LMDSC
KW  - Polystyrene
KW  - Temperature modulation by infra-red light
KW  - TMDSC
N1  - Accession Number: 8928337; Kamasa, P. 1,2 Pyda, M. 1,2 Buzin, A. 1,2 Wunderlich, B. 1,2; Email Address: wunderlich@chartertn.net; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Science Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 396 Issue 1/2, p109; Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency-dependent heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: LMDSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polystyrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature modulation by infra-red light; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMDSC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moroi, Takeo
AU  - Murayama, Hitoshi
T1  - CMB anisotropy from baryogenesis by a scalar field
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/02/06/
VL  - 553
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We study the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy in the scenario where the baryon asymmetry of the universe is generated from a condensation of a scalar field. In such a scenario, the scalar condensation may acquire fluctuation during the inflation which becomes a new source of the cosmic density perturbations. In particular, the primordial fluctuation of the scalar condensation may induce correlated mixture of the adiabatic and isocurvature fluctuations. If the scalar condensation decays before it completely dominates the universe, the CMB angular power spectrum may significantly deviate from the conventional adiabatic result. Such a deviation may be observed in the on-going MAP experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 8902584; Moroi, Takeo 1; Email Address: moroi@tuhep.phys.tohoku.ac.jp Murayama, Hitoshi 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Theory Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 553 Issue 3/4, p126; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03227-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlson, J.
AU  - Jourdan, J.
AU  - Schiavilla, R.
AU  - Sick, I.
T1  - Coulomb sum rule for 4He
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/02/06/
VL  - 553
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We determine the Coulomb sum for 4He using the world data on 4He<f>(e,e′)</f> and compare the results to calculations based on realistic interactions and including two-body components in the nuclear charge operator. We find good agreement between theory and experiment when using free-nucleon form factors. The apparent reduction of the in-medium <f>GEp</f> implied by IA-interpretation of the <f>L/T</f>-ratios measured in 4He<f>(e,e′p)</f> and 4He<f>(e→,e′p→)</f> is not confirmed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUM rules (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR charge
N1  - Accession Number: 8902592; Carlson, J. 1 Jourdan, J. 2 Schiavilla, R. 3,4 Sick, I. 2; Email Address: ingo.sick@unibas.ch; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  2: Departement für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland  3: Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA, USA  4: Physics Department, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 553 Issue 3/4, p191; Subject Term: SUM rules (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR charge; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03231-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amro, H.
AU  - Ma, W.C.
AU  - Hagemann, G.B.
AU  - Diamond, R.M.
AU  - Domscheit, J.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Görgen, A.
AU  - Herskind, B.
AU  - Hübel, H.
AU  - Jensen, D.R.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A.O.
AU  - Roux, D.
AU  - Sletten, G.
AU  - Thompson, J.
AU  - Ward, D.
AU  - Wiedenhöver, I.
AU  - Wilson, J.N.
AU  - Winger, J.A.
T1  - The wobbling mode in 167Lu
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/02/06/
VL  - 553
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 03702693
AB  - High spin states in 167Lu were populated through the 123Sb(48Ca,<f> xn</f>) reaction at 203 MeV. Four, presumably triaxial, strongly deformed (TSD) bands have been found in this nucleus. Several transitions linking an excited TSD band (TSD2) to the lowest (yrast) TSD band (TSD1) were observed. The electromagnetic properties of the connecting transitions have been investigated. Evidence for the assignment of TSD2 as a wobbling mode built on TSD1 is presented. This assignment is based on comparisons of the experimental data to theoretical calculations. The wobbling mode of excitation is an unambiguous signal of a stable triaxial deformation associated with these bands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR shapes
KW  - Triaxial deformation
KW  - Wobbling mode
N1  - Accession Number: 8902593; Amro, H. 1,2,3; Email Address: hanan.amro@yale.edu Ma, W.C. 1 Hagemann, G.B. 2 Diamond, R.M. 4 Domscheit, J. 5 Fallon, P. 4 Görgen, A. 4 Herskind, B. 2 Hübel, H. 5 Jensen, D.R. 2 Li, Y. 1 Macchiavelli, A.O. 4 Roux, D. 1 Sletten, G. 2 Thompson, J. 1 Ward, D. 4 Wiedenhöver, I. 6 Wilson, J.N. 2 Winger, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA  2: The Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark  3: Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8124, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: ISKP, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany  6: Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4350, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 553 Issue 3/4, p197; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shapes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triaxial deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wobbling mode; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03199-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chasman, R.R.
T1  - Effects of <f>n</f>–<f>p</f> pairing on nuclear structure
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/02/06/
VL  - 553
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The effects of <f>n</f>–<f>p</f> pairing on several issues of interest in nuclear structure studies are investigated. (1) The large differences in the level density near ground for <f>N=Z</f> odd–odd nuclei as compared to <f>N=Z+2</f>. In order to investigate this question, our treatment of <f>n</f>–<f>p</f> pairing is extended to include configurations in which one or more nucleon orbitals are blocked. (2) The splitting of the <f>0+</f> <f>(T=1)</f> and <f>1+</f> <f>(T=0)</f> states in odd–odd <f>N=Z</f> nuclei, as a function of the relative <f>T=0</f> pairing interaction strength. (3) The effect of <f>n</f>–<f>p</f> pairing on superallowed <f>β+</f>-decay. A systematic cancellation is found, always giving a slight reduction relative to the no pairing value, implying an increase of <f>∼</f>1% in the intrinsic <f>β+</f> amplitude. This cancellation explains the fact that all superallowed Fermi <f>β+/(electron capture)</f> decays have <f>log(ft)</f> values that are virtually identical, independent of the level density at the Fermi level. Results are presented for these three issues using two systems with very different single particle level densities near the Fermi level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PAIR production
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 8902594; Chasman, R.R. 1,2; Email Address: chasman@theory.phy.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  2: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 553 Issue 3/4, p204; Subject Term: PAIR production; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03226-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuh, Christopher A.
AU  - Kumar, Mukul
AU  - King, Wayne E.
T1  - Analysis of grain boundary networks and their evolution during grain boundary engineering
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/02/07/
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The goal of grain boundary engineering is to increase the fraction of so-called special grain boundaries, while decreasing the contiguity of the remaining random boundaries which are susceptible to intergranular degradation such as cracking, cavitation, corrosion and rapid self-diffusion. In the present work, we describe a technique for the quantitative experimental study of grain boundary network topology, with an emphasis on the connectivity of special and random grain boundaries. Interconnected grain boundary networks, or “clusters”, of either entirely random or entirely special boundaries are extracted from electron backscatter diffraction data on a Ni-base alloy, and characterized according to their total normalized length (their “mass”), as well as their characteristic linear dimensions. The process of grain boundary engineering, involving cycles of straining and annealing, is found to substantially reduce the mass and size of random boundary clusters. Furthermore, quantitative assessment of the boundary network topology shows that the special grain boundary fraction is a poor predictor of network topology, but that the higher-order correlation derived from triple junction distributions can successfully describe the length scales of random boundary clusters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - Coincidence lattice
KW  - Grain boundaries
KW  - Grain boundary engineering
KW  - Percolation
N1  - Accession Number: 8996441; Schuh, Christopher A.; Email Address: schuh@mit.edu Kumar, Mukul 1 King, Wayne E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p687; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coincidence lattice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Percolation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00447-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Vasquez, A.A.
AU  - Xin, Y.
AU  - Kalu, P.N.
T1  - Microstructure and tensile properties of nanostructured Cu-25wt%Ag
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/02/07/
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The microstructure and textures of nanostructured Cu-25wt%Ag are shown to relate to its phase transformation, fabrication and mechanical properties. The analysis was undertaken by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray texture, tensile tests and analytical modeling. The Cu-25wt%Ag is described by two components in the model: (1) eutectic component which is a composite of nanosized Cu and Ag (2) proeutectic Cu component embedded with Ag nano-fibers formed below the eutectic temperature. In both cast and forged samples, the Cu and Ag always have cube-on-cube orientation relationship in proeutectic component, but they have the orientation relationship only in selected eutectic areas. The orientation relationship maintains the same in cast, forged and drawn Cu-Ag materials only in proeutectic regions. The deformation enhances the tensile strength of the materials by decreasing the size of various Cu and Ag phases in the radial direction of the wire in both components. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - COPPER
KW  - EUTECTIC alloys
KW  - Conductor
KW  - Copper
KW  - Nanostructure
KW  - Phase transformation
KW  - Silver
N1  - Accession Number: 8996447; Han, K.; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu Vasquez, A.A. 1 Xin, Y. 1 Kalu, P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800E Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee 32306, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p767; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: EUTECTIC alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00468-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matejicek, J.
AU  - Sampath, S.
AU  - Gilmore, D.
AU  - Neiser, R.
T1  - In situ measurement of residual stresses and elastic moduli in thermal sprayed coatings: Part 2: processing effects on properties of Mo coatings
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/02/07/
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Residual stresses and mechanical properties of plasma sprayed coatings play a critical role in their functionality and lifetime. These can be influenced by modification of spraying parameters. Among the most important parameters are the deposition temperature, particle temperature and velocity and deposition rate. Using the in situ thermo-elastic curvature method described in Part 1 of this paper, their effects on the stresses and moduli of plasma sprayed molybdenum were investigated. The results for quenching, thermal, and residual stresses as well as Young’s moduli are presented and discussed with respect to the spraying parameters and material properties. The most influential factors are determined and means for property modification using this technique are described. The development of the in situ approach along with the ability to measure elastic modulus and residual stresses enables capturing the quality and integrity of the deposit. This will allow for future downstream process control based on materials characteristics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - PLASMA spraying
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - Coating
KW  - Mechanical properties testing
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - Plasma spraying
KW  - Residual stresses
N1  - Accession Number: 8996456; Matejicek, J. 1 Sampath, S. 1; Email Address: sanjay.sampath@stonybrook.edu Gilmore, D. 2 Neiser, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Thermal Spray Research, State University of New York–Stony Brook, 105 Engineering Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA  2: Thermal Spray Research Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p873; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: PLASMA spraying; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma spraying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stresses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00477-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bergmann, Uwe
AU  - Groenzin, Henning
AU  - Mullins, Oliver C.
AU  - Glatzel, Pieter
AU  - Fetzer, John
AU  - Cramer, S.P.
T1  - Carbon K-edge X-ray Raman spectroscopy supports simple, yet powerful description of aromatic hydrocarbons and asphaltenes
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/02/07/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The nature and distribution of electron density in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) determines PAH properties. Theoretical investigations have yielded simple heuristics to describe the <f>π</f> electron distribution in complex PAHs, but systematic experimental support is lacking. Here, we show that using the novel approach of carbon K-edge X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRRS), carbon type in PAHs can be probed directly. Our unique detector has enabled application of XRRS on PAHs and asphaltenes. XRRS results directly support the powerful ‘aromatic sextet’ description of PAHs. Also, XRRS is shown to establish geometries of aromatic ring systems in asphaltenes, a complex natural carbonaceous material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
N1  - Accession Number: 8998303; Bergmann, Uwe 1,2 Groenzin, Henning 3 Mullins, Oliver C. 3; Email Address: OMullins@ridgefield.oilfield.slb.com Glatzel, Pieter 2 Fetzer, John 4 Cramer, S.P. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Applied Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: Schlumberger-Doll Research, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA  4: ChevronTexaco Energy Research and Technology Company, Richmond, CA 94802, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 369 Issue 1/2, p184; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)02003-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonkyn, R.G.
AU  - Barlow, S.E.
AU  - Hoard, John W.
T1  - Reduction of NOx in synthetic diesel exhaust via two-step plasma-catalysis treatment
JO  - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
JF  - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
Y1  - 2003/02/10/
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 09263373
AB  - Significant reduction of NOx in synthetic light duty diesel exhaust has been achieved over a broad temperature window by combining atmospheric plasma with appropriate catalysts. The technique relies on the addition of hydrocarbon reductant prior to passing the simulated exhaust through a non-thermal plasma and a catalyst bed. The observed chemistry in the plasma includes conversion of NO to NO2 as well as the partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon. The overall NOx reduction has a maximum of less than 80%, with this maximum obtained only at high-energy input into the plasma, high concentration of hydrocarbon reductant and low space velocity. We present data in this paper illustrating that a multiple-step treatment strategy, whereby two or more plasma-catalyst reactors are utilized in series, can increase the maximum NOx conversion obtainable. Alternatively, this technique can reduce the energy and/or hydrocarbon requirements for a fixed conversion efficiency. When propene is used as the reductant, the limiting reagent for the overall process is most likely acetaldehyde. The data suggest that acetaldehyde is formed in concert with NO oxidation to NO2 in the plasma stage. The limited NOx reduction efficiency attained in a single step, even with excess energy, oxygen content and/or hydrocarbon-to-NOx ratio is well explained by this hypothesis, as is the effectiveness of the multiple-step treatment strategy. We present the data here illustrating the advantage of this approach under a wide variety of conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis B: Environmental is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Zeolites
KW  - Lean burn
KW  - NOx reduction
KW  - Non-thermal plasma
KW  - Plasma catalysis
KW  - Synthetic diesel exhaust
KW  - Zeolite catalysts
N1  - Accession Number: 9011039; Tonkyn, R.G. 1; Email Address: rg.tonkyn@pnl.gov; Barlow, S.E. 1; Hoard, John W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-8, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2: Chemical Engineering Department, Ford Motor Company Research Laboratory, 2101 Village Road, MS 3179SRL, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p207; Thesaurus Term: Catalysis; Thesaurus Term: Zeolites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lean burn; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-thermal plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthetic diesel exhaust; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolite catalysts; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loosmore, Gwen A.
T1  - Evaluation and development of models for resuspension of aerosols at short times after deposition
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/02/11/
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 639
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Resuspension is known to transport hazardous particles in the natural environment, moving a fraction of deposited material back into the atmosphere. This process is notoriously difficult to model, given the complexity of the turbulent boundary layer and chemistry of the three-phase interface (air, liquid, solid) typically found at the land surface. Wind tunnel studies have demonstrated the importance of resuspension within a short time after deposition, but there exists no robust model for short-term resuspension. Numerical simulations of accidental or terrorist releases of hazardous materials need such a model to accurately predict fate and transport of the materials within hours to days after release. Many accepted conventional models were derived from resuspension data for aged sources, such as former weapons test sites; these data sets, and the associated models, may not be appropriate for short-time resuspension. The study described here reexamined historical wind tunnel data on short-term resuspension, with the goal of developing a model appropriate for numerical simulations. Empirical models are derived from these data using a suite of parameters (friction velocity, particle diameter, surface roughness, particle density, and time). These empirical models, and the wind tunnel data, are compared quantitatively with existing conventional models from the literature. The conventional models underpredict short-time resuspension, resulting in order-of-magnitude errors in predictions of resuspended mass. Only three models perform reasonably well: the empirical models derived from the data and an adaptation of the NCRP 129 model. More data are needed to validate the empirical models and build the physical understanding of the processes involved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Deposition
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Particle
KW  - Resuspension
N1  - Accession Number: 9899675; Loosmore, Gwen A. 1; Email Address: loosmore1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Atmospheric Sciences Division, P.O. Box 808, L-103, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p639; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resuspension; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hylen, J.
AU  - Bogert, D.
AU  - Ducar, R.
AU  - Garkusha, V.
AU  - Hall, J.
AU  - Jensen, C.
AU  - Kopp, S.E.
AU  - Kostin, M.
AU  - Lyukov, A.
AU  - Marchionni, A.
AU  - May, M.
AU  - Messier, M.D.
AU  - Milburn, R.
AU  - Novoskoltsev, F.
AU  - Proga, M.
AU  - Pushka, D.
AU  - Smart, W.
AU  - Walton, J.
AU  - Zarucheisky, V.
AU  - Zwaska, R.M.
T1  - The Hadron Hose: continuous toroidal focusing for conventional neutrino beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/02/11/
VL  - 498
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We have developed a new focusing system for conventional neutrino beams. The “Hadron Hose” is a wire located in the meson decay volume, downstream of the target and focusing horns. The wire is pulsed with high current to provide a toroidal magnetic field which continuously focuses mesons. The hose increases the neutrino event rate and reduces differences between near- and far-field neutrino spectra for oscillation experiments. We have studied this device as part of the development of the Neutrinos at the Main Injector project, but it might also be of use for other conventional neutrino beams. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - TOROIDAL harmonics
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Beamline
KW  - Focusing
KW  - Neutrino
N1  - Accession Number: 9052692; Hylen, J. 1 Bogert, D. 1 Ducar, R. 1 Garkusha, V. 2 Hall, J. 3 Jensen, C. 1 Kopp, S.E. 3; Email Address: kopp@mail.hep.utexas.edu Kostin, M. 3 Lyukov, A. 3 Marchionni, A. 1 May, M. 1 Messier, M.D. 4 Milburn, R. 5 Novoskoltsev, F. 1 Proga, M. 3 Pushka, D. 1 Smart, W. 1 Walton, J. 1 Zarucheisky, V. 2 Zwaska, R.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA  4: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia  5: Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 498 Issue 1-3, p29; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: TOROIDAL harmonics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beamline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Focusing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01988-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
T1  - Rasetti–Regge Dirac bracket formulation of Lagrangian fluid dynamics of vortex filaments
JO  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
JF  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
Y1  - 2003/02/13/
VL  - 62
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 03784754
AB  - We review the Rasetti–Regge Dirac bracket (RRDB) for determining the constrained Hamiltonian dynamics of vortex filaments moving with an incompressible potential flow of superfluid helium-II in the Lagrangian fluid picture. We compare the equations for Lagrangian vortex filaments with their corresponding Eulerian vorticity dynamics in the examples of the Euler fluid, superfluid vortices, the local induction approximation (LIA), the Rosenhead regularization and a new class of alternative regularized theories including the Euler-alpha model. The RRDB formulation generalizes the Betchov–Da Rios equation for the transverse self-induction velocity of a vortex filament from LIA to the case of an incompressible fluid whose energy may expressed as an arbitrary functional of spatial vorticity. We also discuss the relation of RRDB to the Marsden–Weinstein bracket for vortex filaments and its implications under the Hasimoto transformation for physically meaningful nonlocal nonlinear Schro¨dinger (NLNLS) equations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics & Computers in Simulation is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAGRANGIAN functions
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - Hasimoto transformation
KW  - Lagrangian fluid
KW  - RRDB
N1  - Accession Number: 9010082; Holm, Darryl D. 1; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 62 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: LAGRANGIAN functions; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hasimoto transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lagrangian fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: RRDB; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krasnitz, Alex
AU  - Nara, Yasushi
AU  - Venugopalan, Raju
T1  - Elliptic flow of colored glass in high energy heavy ion collisions
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/02/13/
VL  - 554
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We compute the elliptic flow generated by classical gluon fields in a high energy nuclear collision. The classical gluon fields are described by a typical momentum scale, the saturation scale <f>Λs</f>, which is, for RHIC energies, of the order of 1–2 GeV. A significant elliptic flow is generated only over time scales on the order of the system size <f>R</f>. The flow is dominated by soft modes <f>pT∼Λs/4</f> which linearize at very late times <f>τ∼R≫1/Λs</f>. We discuss the implications of our result for the theoretical interpretation of the RHIC data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 8998221; Krasnitz, Alex 1 Nara, Yasushi 2 Venugopalan, Raju 2,3; Email Address: raju@quark.phy.bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: FCT and CENTRA, Universidade do Algarve,Campus de Gambelas, P-8000 Faro, Portugal  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 554 Issue 1/2, p21; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03272-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barenboim, Gabriela
AU  - Lykken, Joseph
T1  - A model of CPT violation for neutrinos
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/02/13/
VL  - 554
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Any local relativistic quantum field theory of Dirac–Weyl fermions conserves CPT. Here we examine whether a simple nonlocal field theory can violate CPT. We construct a new relativistic field theory of fermions, which we call “homeotic”, which is nonlocal but causal and Lorentz invariant. The free homeotic theory is in fact equivalent to free Dirac theory. We show that a homeotic theory with a suitable nonlocal four-fermion interaction is causal and as a result has a well-defined perturbative <f>S</f>-matrix. By coupling a right-handed homeotic fermion to a left-handed Dirac–Weyl fermion, we obtain a causal theory of CPT-violating neutrino oscillations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - DIRAC equation
N1  - Accession Number: 8998228; Barenboim, Gabriela 1; Email Address: gabriela@fnal.gov Lykken, Joseph 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Enrico Fermi Institute and Dept. of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 554 Issue 1/2, p73; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: DIRAC equation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03262-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Day, D.M.
AU  - Bhardwaj, M.K.
AU  - Reese, G.M.
AU  - Peery, J.S.
T1  - Mechanism free domain decomposition
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2003/02/14/
VL  - 192
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
SN  - 00457825
AB  - The simulation of three-dimensional (3D) structural dynamics on massively parallel platforms places stringent requirements on the existing software infrastructure. A constrained and nonlinear graph partitioning problem that arises in scalable iterative substructuring methods, such as finite element tearing and interconnecting (FETI) methods, is identified. New sufficient criteria on a partition are presented that ensure the applicability of FETI methods, and improve the associated preconditioner. One-dimensional finite elements in 3D structures are treated by an encapsulation method. The techniques are demonstrated on complex finite element model problems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL dynamics
KW  - BUILDINGS
N1  - Accession Number: 8998088; Day, D.M. 1; Email Address: dmday@sandia.gov Bhardwaj, M.K. 2 Reese, G.M. 2 Peery, J.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Organization 9214, Mail Stop 1110, Computational Mathematics and Algorithms, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110, USA  2: Organization 9142, Mail Stop 0847, Computational Solid Mechanics and Structural Dynamics, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0847, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 192 Issue 7/8, p763; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL dynamics; Subject Term: BUILDINGS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farrugia, C.J.
AU  - Jordanova, V.K.
AU  - Freeman, M.P.
AU  - Cocheci, C.C.
AU  - Arnoldy, R.L.
AU  - Engebretson, M.
AU  - Stauning, P.
AU  - Rostoker, G.
AU  - Thomsen, M.F.
AU  - Reeves, G.
AU  - Yumoto, K.
T1  - Large-scale geomagnetic effects of May 4, 1998
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1111
SN  - 02731177
AB  - We study large-scale magnetospheric disturbances elicited by the May 4, 1998 high speed stream by modeling the Dst and studying records from 4 meridional magnetometer chains covering key local time sectors. The quasi-sequential episodes of <F>Bz < < 0</F> and high dynamic pressure (10–50 nPa) allow a clean separation of their respective geoeffects. Ring current evolution is followed by the kinetic model of Jordanova et al. (1998), which includes both charge exchange and Coulomb collisions of ring current ions H+, He+ and O+ drifting in a Volland-Stern convection electric field. The overall agreement with the temporal variation of the Dst is very good, but the strength of the great storm (min Dst = -280 nT) with its rapid main phase is not reproduced fully. A very asymmetric ring current forms near minimum Dst with maximum energy density located at dusk for all ion species. The data show evidence of (a) a great geomagnetic storm; (b) large enhancements of magnetopause currents; (c) substorm onsets, some of which were triggered; (d) a convection reversal boundary at relatively low latitudes (60–65°); and (e) what might be omega bands at morning local times associated with substorm recovery. An unprecedented measurement at Halley Bay station of an approximately 10% change in the ambient magnetic field strength is related to a sharp 5-fold increase in the dynamic pressure and to a large (&ap;50 nT) variation in IMF <F>Bz</F> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERE
KW  - GEOMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETOMETERS
KW  - MAGNETOPAUSE
N1  - Accession Number: 10799609; Farrugia, C.J. 1 Jordanova, V.K. 1 Freeman, M.P. 2 Cocheci, C.C. 1 Arnoldy, R.L. 1 Engebretson, M. 3 Stauning, P. 4 Rostoker, G. 5 Thomsen, M.F. 6 Reeves, G. 6 Yumoto, K. 7; Affiliation:  1: Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA  2: British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK  3: Dept. of Physics, Augsburg College, MN, USA  4: Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark  5: Dept. Of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA  7: Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p1111; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERE; Subject Term: GEOMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETOMETERS; Subject Term: MAGNETOPAUSE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
AU  - Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J.
AU  - Jarrell, Ann E.
AU  - Chandler, Darrell P.
T1  - Automated sample preparation method for suspension arrays using renewable surface separations with multiplexed flow cytometry fluorescence detection
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 478
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 00032670
AB  - In this paper, we describe a new method of automated sample preparation for multiplexed biological analysis systems that use flow cytometry fluorescence detection. In this approach, color-encoded microspheres derivatized to capture particular biomolecules are temporarily trapped in a renewable surface separation column to enable perfusion with sample and reagents prior to delivery to the detector. This method provides for separation of the biomolecules of interest from other sample matrix components as well as from labeling solutions. After sample preparation, the beads can be released from the renewable surface column and delivered to a flow cytometer for direct on-bead analysis one bead at a time. Using mixtures of color-encoded beads derivatized for various analytes yields suspension arrays for multiplexed analysis. Development of this approach required a new technique for automated capture and release of the color-encoded microspheres within a fluidic system. We developed a method for forming a renewable filter and demonstrate its use for capturing microspheres that are too small to be easily captured in previous flow cells for renewable separation columns. The renewable filter is created by first trapping larger beads in the flow cell, and then smaller beads are captured either within or on top of the bed of larger beads. Both the selective microspheres and filter bed are automatically emplaced and discarded for each sample. A renewable filter created with 19.9 μm beads was used to trap 5.6 μm optically encoded beads with trapping efficiencies of 99%. The larger beads forming the renewable filter did not interfere with the detection of color-encoded 5.6 μm beads by the flow cytometer fluorescence detector. The use of this method was demonstrated with model reactions for a variety of bioanalytical assay types including a one-step capture of a biotinylated label on Lumavidin beads, a two-step sandwich immunoassay, and a one-step DNA binding assay. A preliminary demonstration of multiplexed detection of two analytes using color-encoded beads was also demonstrated. The renewable filter for creating separation columns containing optically encoded beads provides a general platform for coupling renewable surface methods for sample preparation and analyte labeling with flow cytometry detectors for suspension array multiplexed analyses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLOW cytometry
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - Bead injection
KW  - Biodetection
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - Sample preparation
KW  - Sequential injection
N1  - Accession Number: 8901772; Grate, Jay W. 1; Email Address: jwgrate@pnl.gov Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J. 1 Jarrell, Ann E. 2 Chandler, Darrell P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical and Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 478 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: FLOW cytometry; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bead injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biodetection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow cytometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sample preparation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential injection; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2670(02)01541-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozaki, Takuo
AU  - Ambe, Shizuko
AU  - Abe, Tomoko
AU  - Francis, Arokiasamy J.
T1  - Effect of humic acid on the bioavailability of radionuclides to rice plants.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 375
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 505
EP  - 510
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - We investigated the effect of humic acid and solution pH on the uptake of the radionuclides, 83Rb, 137Cs, 54Mn, 65Zn, 88Y, 102Rh, and 75Se in rice plants by the multitracer technique. The addition of humic acid to a culture medium containing SiO2 increased the uptake of Mn and Zn at pH 4.3, whereas their uptake was decreased at pH 5.3. Humic acid depressed the uptake of Y at both pHs. The uptake of Se, which does not interact with humic acid, was not affected by its presence. These results suggest that uptake of the radionuclides by the rice plant is regulated by the affinity of radioactive nuclides for humic acid, as well as by the soil solution's pH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMIC acid
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - RICE
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - ORGANIC acids
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Humic acid
KW  - Radionuclide
KW  - Radionuclides
KW  - Rice plant
KW  - SiO2
N1  - Accession Number: 15125553; Ozaki, Takuo 1; Email Address: tozaki@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Ambe, Shizuko 2 Abe, Tomoko 2 Francis, Arokiasamy J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 319-1195, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan  2: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), 351-0198, Wako, Saitama, Japan  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 375 Issue 4, p505; Subject Term: HUMIC acid; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: RICE; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rice plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiO2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111160 Rice Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-002-1730-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharp, Joshua S.
AU  - Becker, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Hettich, Robert L.
T1  - Protein surface mapping by chemical oxidation: Structural analysis by mass spectrometry
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 313
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
SN  - 00032697
AB  - The solvent-accessible surface area of proteins is important in biological function for many reasons, including protein–protein interactions, protein folding, and catalytic sites. Here we present a chemical technique to oxidize amino acid side chains in a model protein, apomyoglobin, and subsequent elucidation of the effect of solvent accessibility on the sites of oxidation. Under conditions of low protein oxidation (zero to three oxygen atoms added per apomyoglobin molecule), we have positively identified five oxidation sites by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and high-resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry. Our results indicate that all oxidized amino acids, with the exception of methionine, have highly solvent-accessible side chains, but the rate of oxidation may not be dictated solely by solvent accessibility and amino acid identity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Biochemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Collisional dissociation
KW  - Electrospray
KW  - Fenton chemistry
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Protein derivatization
N1  - Accession Number: 9146144; Sharp, Joshua S. 1,2 Becker, Jeffrey M. 1 Hettich, Robert L. 1,2; Email Address: hettichrl@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-8026, USA  2: Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6131, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 313 Issue 2, p216; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collisional dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrospray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fenton chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein derivatization; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00612-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, Qing
AU  - Rosenberg, Richard A.
T1  - Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the oxides on Nb surfaces for superconducting r.f. cavity applications
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to study the oxidation of chemically etched, polycrystalline Nb surfaces and thermal effects on the oxide layer. Annealing the sample at 250 °C does not remove the oxide layer but simply changes the oxide composition from a Nb2O5-dominated layer to a Nb2O-dominated one through oxygen diffusion. The latter is stable in ultrahigh vacuum and metallic in nature. For oxygen diffusion into the bulk at 250 °C, estimations are made of the composition of the oxygen-enriched metal layer and the density change of this layer due to interstitial oxygen. Room temperature re-oxidation of the annealed surface follows similar kinetics as the oxidation of as-etched surfaces. Nb2O5 is simply re-generated in the existing oxide layer by inward oxygen diffusion starting out from the oxide surface. It is demonstrated that the electric field-assisted, Cabrera–Mott mechanism operates in the initial Nb surface oxidation. Its effectiveness diminishes quickly as the insulating oxide layer grows over 3 nm. The existing electric field is evidenced by the shifts in the binding energy of Nb2O5 towards that of Nb metal, indicating a potential drop across the oxide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Nb surface oxide
KW  - Nb2O5
KW  - Thermal effects
N1  - Accession Number: 8902469; Ma, Qing; Email Address: qingma@aps.anl.gov Rosenberg, Richard A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p209; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb surface oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb2O5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal effects; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Kari M.
AU  - Goldstein, Steven J.
AU  - Sims, Kenneth W.W.
AU  - Murrell, Michael T.
T1  - Uranium-series chronology of Gorda Ridge volcanism: new evidence from the 1996 eruption
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 206
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We present new uranium-series plagioclase and glass data for the 1996 eruption of the North Gorda Ridge. The glass data provide a more accurate estimate of ‘zero-age’ disequilibria for use in external isochron dating than was previously available. Furthermore, plagioclase–glass 226Ra–230Th disequilibria delimit the degree of initial fractionation of radium from barium during crystal growth, with effective DRa/DBa ∼0.25–0.5. These data are inconsistent with the common assumption that DRa=DBa but are qualitatively consistent with theoretical model predictions that radium and barium should be fractionated during crystallization, with DRa/DBa∼0.2. In more detail, differences between model predictions and data could be explained by an extreme combination of model and data uncertainties, but more likely suggest suppression of efficient fractionation during rapid crystallization. We also assess the extent to which use of barium as an analog for radium would result in underestimating 226Ra–230Th disequilibria produced during melting. Effects of a lower value of DRa on most melting models are small, with a slight increase in the porosity or melt fraction for a given value of 226Ra/230Th. The new plagioclase data also indicate that plagioclase accumulation and assimilation in the crustal reservoir would have only a negligible effect on mantle-derived 226Ra–230Th disequilibria. External isochron ages from U–Th, U–Pa, and Th–Ra data calculated using initial disequilibria from the 1996 sample are concordant, with one exception. Anomalously young ages for off-axis samples most likely reflect volcanism up to 1 km off-axis. Radium ages for near-axis dredge samples for other areas of the North Gorda Ridge generally range from 2000 to 4000 yr, similar to calculated steady-state eruptive periodicity of 3000 yr for this ridge segment. However, comparison of radium excesses for the 1996 eruption and a nearby older lava suggests that recent volcanism at this site occurs with relatively short-lived (<few hundred year) episodicity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - MID-Atlantic Ridge
KW  - chronology
KW  - internal isochron
KW  - mid-ocean ridge basalt
KW  - uranium-series disequilibria
N1  - Accession Number: 9009616; Cooper, Kari M. 1; Email Address: cooper@gps.caltech.edu Goldstein, Steven J. 2 Sims, Kenneth W.W. 3 Murrell, Michael T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Space Sciences, UCLA, 595 Young Drive E., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K484, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Geology and Geophysics, WHOI, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 206 Issue 3/4, p459; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: MID-Atlantic Ridge; Author-Supplied Keyword: chronology; Author-Supplied Keyword: internal isochron; Author-Supplied Keyword: mid-ocean ridge basalt; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium-series disequilibria; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, J.
AU  - Rose, T.
T1  - Environmental isotopes in hydrogeology.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 532
EP  - 532
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Presents an introduction to the articles related to environmental geology, published in the February 2003 issue of the journal "Environmental Geology."
KW  - Environmental geology
KW  - Periodicals
N1  - Accession Number: 16565419; Thomas, J. 1; Rose, T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, Nevada 89512, USA; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p532; Thesaurus Term: Environmental geology; Subject Term: Periodicals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, James M.
AU  - Hudson, Bryant G.
AU  - Stute, Martin
AU  - Clark, Jordan F.
T1  - Noble gas loss may indicate groundwater flow across flow barriers in southern Nevada.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 568
EP  - 579
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Average calculated noble gas temperatures increase from 10 to 22 °C in groundwater from recharge to discharge areas in carbonate-rock aquifers of southern Nevada. Loss of noble gases from groundwater in these regional flow systems at flow barriers is the likely process that produces an increase in recharge noble gas temperatures. Emplacement of low permeability rock into high permeability aquifer rock and the presence of low permeability shear zones reduce aquifer thickness from thousands to tens of meters. At these flow barriers, which are more than 1,000 m lower than the average recharge altitude, noble gases exsolve from the groundwater by inclusion in gas bubbles formed near the barriers because of greatly reduced hydrostatic pressure. However, re-equilibration of noble gases in the groundwater with atmospheric air at the low altitude spring discharge area, at the terminus of the regional flow system, cannot be ruled out. Molecular diffusion is not an important process for removing noble gases from groundwater in the carbonate-rock aquifers because concentration gradients are small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Gases
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Solids
KW  - Capillarity
KW  - Hydrostatic pressure
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Isotope
KW  - Noble gas
KW  - Regional flow systems
N1  - Accession Number: 16565415; Thomas, James M. 1,2; Email Address: jthomas@dri.edu; Hudson, Bryant G. 3; Stute, Martin 4; Clark, Jordan F. 5; Affiliations: 1: US Geological Survey, 333 West Nye Lane, Carson City, NV 89706, USA; 2: Present address: Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 4: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA; 5: Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p568; Thesaurus Term: Gases; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Thesaurus Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: Rocks; Subject Term: Solids; Subject Term: Capillarity; Subject Term: Hydrostatic pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Noble gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regional flow systems; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moran, Jean E.
AU  - Rose, Timothy P.
T1  - A chlorine-36 study of regional groundwater flow and vertical transport in southern Nevada.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 592
EP  - 605
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Chlorine-36 data for groundwater from the Death Valley regional flow system is interpreted in the context of existing conceptual models for regional groundwater flow in southern Nevada. Chlorine-36 end member compositions are defined for both recharge and chemically evolved groundwater components. The geochemical evolution of 36Cl is strongly controlled by water–rock interaction with Paleozoic carbonate rocks that comprise the regional aquifer system, resulting in chemically evolved groundwater that is characteristically low in 36Cl/Cl and high in Cl. Groundwater from alluvial and volcanic aquifers that overlie the regional carbonate aquifer are generally characterized by high 36Cl/Cl and low Cl signatures, and are chemically distinct from water in the regional carbonate aquifer. This difference provides a means of examining vertical transport and groundwater mixing processes. In combination with other geochemical and hydrogeologic data, the end members defined here provide constraints on aquifer residence times and mixing ratios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Groundwater monitoring
KW  - Valleys -- Nevada
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Nevada
KW  - Chlorine-36
KW  - Vertical
KW  - Vertical transport of groundwater
N1  - Accession Number: 16565413; Moran, Jean E. 1; Email Address: moran10@llnl.gov; Rose, Timothy P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-231, P.O. Box 808 Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Feb2003, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p592; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater monitoring; Subject Term: Valleys -- Nevada; Subject Term: Rocks; Subject: Nevada; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorine-36; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertical transport of groundwater; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karner, Daniel B.
AU  - Levine, Jonathan
AU  - Muller, Richard A.
AU  - Asaro, Frank
AU  - Ram, Michael
AU  - Stolz, Michael R.
T1  - Extraterrestrial accretion from the GISP2 ice core
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 751
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The rate of extraterrestrial accretion for particles in the size range 0.45 μm to ∼20 μm was determined from dust concentrates extracted from Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core samples. Using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), we determined the iridium (Ir) content of the dust. Following a core-specific correction for terrestrial Ir and assuming a chondritic Ir abundance of 500 ppb, we measure an average accretion rate for 0.45 μm to ∼20 μm particles over the entire Earth of 0.22 (± 0.11) × 109 g/yr (kton/yr) for 317 years of ice through the interval 6 to 20 ka. This is consistent with the interplanetary dust accretion rate of 0.17 (± 0.08) x 109 g/yr that we derive from published 3He data for the GISP2 core. Accounting for particles that are larger and smaller than those detected by or experiment, our best estimate of the total accretion rate (including particle sizes up to about 4 cm in diameter) is 2.5 × 109 g/yr. The uncertainty in this estimate is dominated by statistical fluctuations in the number of particles expected to end up in the ice core and not by measurement error. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we estimate the upper limit for total extraterrestrial accretion to Earth of 6.25 × 109 g/yr (95% confidence level). This accretion rate is consistent with some estimates from micrometeorite concentrations in polar ice, estimates from ground-based radar studies, and with accretion estimates of 3He-bearing interplanetary dust particles, assuming that 3He is correlated with particle surface area. It is, however, lower than estimates based on platinum group element studies of marine sediments. The conflict may indicate systematic errors with either the marine or the non-marine samples, departures from the assumed particle spectrum of Gru¨n and coauthors, or time-variable accretion rates, with the early Holocene period being characterized by low levels of accretion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCRETION (Astrophysics)
KW  - ICE sheets
N1  - Accession Number: 9007889; Karner, Daniel B. 1; Email Address: dkarner@socrates.berkeley.edu Levine, Jonathan 1 Muller, Richard A. 1 Asaro, Frank 2 Ram, Michael 3 Stolz, Michael R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-1500, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 67 Issue 4, p751; Subject Term: ACCRETION (Astrophysics); Subject Term: ICE sheets; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01145-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morreale, Bryan D.
AU  - Ciocco, Michael V.
AU  - Enick, Robert M.
AU  - Morsi, Badi I.
AU  - Howard, Bret H.
AU  - Cugini, Anthony V.
AU  - Rothenberger, Kurt S.
T1  - The permeability of hydrogen in bulk palladium at elevated temperatures and pressures
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 212
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 97
SN  - 03767388
AB  - The permeability of hydrogen in bulk palladium membranes (approximately 1-mm thickness) was determined for the first time at conditions of simultaneously elevated temperature (623–1173 K) and hydrogen pressure (<F>0.1×106</F> to <F>2.76×106</F> Pa). When the hydrogen partial pressure exponent value was constrained to a value of 0.5, the permeability was described by an Arrhenius-type relation where the pre-exponential constant and activation energy for this correlation were <F>1.92×10-7</F> mol/(m s Pa0.50) and 13.81 kJ/mol, respectively. These Arrhenius values were in good agreement with prior low-pressure correlations.However, the hydrogen flux results of this study were most accurately represented by an Arrhenius permeability expression where <F>3.21×10-8</F> mol/(m s Pa0.62), 13.41 kJ/mol, and 0.62 represent the pre-exponential constant, activation energy of permeation and permeability driving force, respectively. Although the partial pressure exponent value of 0.62 was slightly greater than the commonly accepted value of 0.5 (atmospheric and sub-atmospheric pressure studies), the optimal exponent value in this study decreased as the upper limit of pressure employed in the database was reduced. Therefore, the deviation in the partial pressure exponent with increasing hydrogen pressure may be attributed to variances in the product of the diffusion coefficient and Sieverts constant at elevated pressures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSMOSIS
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - Gas separations
KW  - Metal membranes
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Permeability
N1  - Accession Number: 16247682; Morreale, Bryan D. 1 Ciocco, Michael V. 1 Enick, Robert M. 2 Morsi, Badi I. 2 Howard, Bret H. 3 Cugini, Anthony V. 3 Rothenberger, Kurt S. 3; Email Address: kurt.rothenberger@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: NETL Support Contractor, Parsons Project Services Incorporated, P.O. Box 618, South Park, PA 15129, USA  2: NETL Research Associate, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA  3: United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 212 Issue 1/2, p87; Subject Term: OSMOSIS; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeability; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Yu Seung
AU  - Wang, Feng
AU  - Hickner, Michael
AU  - Zawodzinski, Thomas A.
AU  - McGrath, James E.
T1  - Fabrication and characterization of heteropolyacid (H3PW12O40)/directly polymerized sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer composite membranes for higher temperature fuel cell applications
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 212
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 282
SN  - 03767388
AB  - The feasibility of heteropolyacid (HPA)/sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) composite membranes for use in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells was investigated. Partially disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (BPSH) copolymers were prepared by direct aromatic nucleophilic copolymerization and solution-blended with a commercial HPA, phosphotungstic acid. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy band shifts showed that sulfonic acid groups on the polymer backbone interact with both bridging tungstic oxide and terminal tungstic oxide in the phosphotungstic acid molecule, indicative of an intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction between the copolymer and the HPA additive. The composite membranes generally exhibited a low HPA extraction after water vapor treatment, except for the 60 mol% disulfonated BPSH where significant HPA extraction from the composite membrane occurred because of excessive matrix swelling. The composite membrane not only had good thermal stability (decomposition temperature in nitrogen >300 °C), but also showed improved mechanical strength and lower water uptake than the unfilled membranes possibly due to the specific interaction. The composite membranes displayed good proton conductivity especially at elevated temperatures (e.g. 130 °C). For example, fully hydrated membranes consisting of 30 wt.% HPA and 70 wt.% BPSH with 40 mol% disulfonation had a conductivity of 0.08 S/cm at room temperature which linearly increased up to 0.15 S/cm at 130 °C. In contrast, the pure copolymer had a proton conductivity of 0.07 S/cm at room temperature only reached a maximum conductivity of 0.09 S/cm, most probably due to dehydration at elevated temperatures. The dehydration process was monitored by dynamic infrared spectra by observing the intensity reduction of the sulfonate group and distinctive changes of shape in the hydroxyl vibrations as the sample was heated. Combining infrared results with dynamic thermogravimetric data showed that the composite membrane had much higher water retention from 100 to 280 °C than the pure sulfonated copolymer. Those results suggested that the incorporation of HPA into these proton conducting copolymers should be good candidates for elevated temperature operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Application to operating fuel cells at high temperatures is now being investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Composite membranes
KW  - Heteropolyacid
KW  - Ion-exchange membranes
KW  - Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)
N1  - Accession Number: 16247698; Kim, Yu Seung 1 Wang, Feng 1 Hickner, Michael 1 Zawodzinski, Thomas A. 2 McGrath, James E. 1; Email Address: jmcgrath@vt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Materials Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2108 Hahn Hall (0344), Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 212 Issue 1/2, p263; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heteropolyacid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-exchange membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone); Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tischendorf, B.C.
AU  - Alam, T.M.
AU  - Cygan, R.T.
AU  - Otaigbe, J.U.
T1  - The structure and properties of binary zinc phosphate glasses studied by molecular dynamics simulations
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 316
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 00223093
AB  - In recent years, the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to understand and predict the properties of materials has become an increasingly popular and powerful tool. In this study, MD simulations were used to investigate the structural and physical properties of a binary zinc phosphate glass series, xZnO <f>·</f> <f>(100−x)</f>P2O5, (<f>40&les;x&les;70</f>) where x is the mole percent modifier. A newly developed forcefield model incorporating Coulombic, plus two- and three-body interactions was employed, with the model parameters being empirically derived from known zinc–phosphate crystal structures. This zinc–phosphate forcefield model was used to perform MD calculations of densities, glass transition temperatures, <f>Tg</f>, average coordination numbers (CN) radial distribution functions, <f>G(r)</f>, and pair distribution function, <f>g(r)</f>, as a function of Zn concentration. In addition, the effects of computational quenching rates on the simulated densities were also investigated. Overall, the MD simulation results revealed the presence of long-range order in the form of rings and chains near the metaphosphate composition. These extended range structures disappeared beyond the metaphosphate composition, becoming isolated non-bridging phosphate tetrahedron as the Zn concentration approached the pyrophosphate composition. The MD simulations also revealed that the average Zn CN was invariant across the entire Zn concentration range investigated. These results demonstrate that the observed <f>Tg</f> behavior does not require an increase in the Zn CN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MATERIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 9096931; Tischendorf, B.C. 1 Alam, T.M. 2 Cygan, R.T. 3 Otaigbe, J.U. 1; Email Address: joshua.otaigbe@usm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Organic Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Department of Geochemistry, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 316 Issue 2/3, p261; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suratwala, T.I.
AU  - Hanna, M.L.
AU  - Miller, E.L.
AU  - Whitman, P.K.
AU  - Thomas, I.M.
AU  - Ehrmann, P.R.
AU  - Maxwell, R.S.
AU  - Burnham, A.K.
T1  - Surface chemistry and trimethylsilyl functionalization of Sto¨ber silica sols
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 316
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Various silica sols, with different surface chemistries, were reacted in solvent dispersions with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) or ethoxytrimethylsilane (ETMS) to produce hydrophobic, trimethylsilyl (TMS) functionalized sols. 1H and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance were used to quantify the surface species and the TMS surface coverage. The amount of TMS surface coverage, which ranged from 5% to 33%, was a strong function of the starting silica-surface chemistry and the HMDS reaction time. Sols with a greater hydrogen-bonded silanol surface (as opposed to an ethoxy surface or isolated silanol surface) resulted in greater TMS coverage. HMDS reacts with both the solvent (ethanol) and the silica surface. Reaction rate measurements suggested that the silica surface reacts with HMDS at short times (minutes) and then with ETMS, which is a product of the HMDS/ethanol reaction, at long times (days). High TMS coverage is required for sol stability in non-polar solvents; the colloid size was found to increase in decane for sols with poor TMS coverage. In addition, coatings made from TMS sols showed an 80<f>×</f> slower remaining ethoxy-surface hydrolysis rate upon exposure to humidity than untreated sols. These TMS sol films will be utilized as anti-reflection coatings on moisture sensitive optics (e.g., potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals) used in high-peak-power laser systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SILICA
KW  - HEXAMETHYLENE diisocyanate
N1  - Accession Number: 9096941; Suratwala, T.I.; Email Address: suratwala1@llnl.gov Hanna, M.L. 1 Miller, E.L. 1 Whitman, P.K. 1 Thomas, I.M. 1 Ehrmann, P.R. 1 Maxwell, R.S. 1 Burnham, A.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 316 Issue 2/3, p349; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: HEXAMETHYLENE diisocyanate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pecharsky, V.K.
AU  - Samolyuk, G.D.
AU  - Antropov, V.P.
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
AU  - Gschneidner, K.A.
T1  - The effect of varying the crystal structure on the magnetism, electronic structure and thermodynamics in the Gd5(SixGe1−x)4 system near x=0.5
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 171
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The crystal structure, magnetic and other physical properties of the intermetallic Gd5(SixGe1−x)4 phases are strongly dependent on the Si:Ge ratio (x). Especially intriguing behavior is observed when the chemical composition in this system is near <f>x≅0.5</f>, where small changes in the stoichiometry result in drastic variations in the chemical bonding, electronic structure, crystal structure, and magnetism. Furthermore, the fully reversible magnetic/crystallographic (<f>TC≅270 K</f>) and the irreversible thermoelastic crystallographic (between ∼500 and ∼750 K) transformations exist near this critical chemical composition. Both of these transformations involve the same two crystallographic modifications: the monoclinic Gd5(Si2Ge2)-type (<f>β</f>) and the orthorhombic Gd5Si4-type structures (<f>α</f> and <f>γ</f>). First principle calculations of the electronic structure and exchange coupling of these materials are in nearly quantitative agreement with the experiment. It appears that the unusual behavior observed in the near critical Gd5(SixGe1−x)4 phases is closely related to the stability of the well-defined sub-nanometer thick atomic slabs coupled with the flexibility of their arrangements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 9714319; Pecharsky, V.K. 1,2; Email Address: vitkp@ameslab.gov Samolyuk, G.D. 1 Antropov, V.P. 1 Pecharsky, A.O. 1 Gschneidner, K.A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 171 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00146-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, G.K.
AU  - Chen, X.Y.
AU  - Zhuang, H.Z.
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Niedbala, R.S.
T1  - Confinement of electron–phonon interaction on luminescence dynamics in nanophosphors of Er3+:Y2O2S
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 171
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Observation of an anomalous thermalization effect induced by optical excitation of Er3+ in nanocrystals of Y2O2S was recently reported (Liu et al. Nano Lett. 2 (2002) 535). Due to the absence of low-energy phonon modes in nanocrystals, the nonradiative relaxation between crystal field levels of Er3+ is significantly diminished, whereas this confinement effect on high-energy phonon relaxation and thermalization is negligible. It is also shown that absorption line broadening for Er3+ ions in the surface layer of the nanoparticles enables coincident excitation of Er3+ ions at defect and intrinsic sites. As a result of the combined excitation and relaxation processes, Er3+ population accumulates in the upper crystal field levels of the <f>4I15/2</f> ground state; and the intensity of hot bands originating from these levels increases abruptly as temperature decreases below 7 K. This anomalous thermalization effect is interpreted satisfactorily based on calculations of temperature-dependent multiphonon relaxation rates in nanocrystals of confined phonon modes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Anomalous thermalization
KW  - Density of phonon states
KW  - Electron–phonon interaction
KW  - Er3+
KW  - Nanocrystals
KW  - Nonradiative relaxation
KW  - Quantum confinement
N1  - Accession Number: 9714327; Liu, G.K. 1; Email Address: gkliu@anl.gov Chen, X.Y. 1 Zhuang, H.Z. 1 Li, S. 2 Niedbala, R.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: OraSure Technologies, Inc. 150 Webster St., Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 171 Issue 1/2, p123; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anomalous thermalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density of phonon states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–phonon interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Er3+; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonradiative relaxation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum confinement; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00195-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
AU  - Wu, Y.L.
AU  - Pecharsky, V.K.
T1  - Effect of interstitial impurities on the magnetic transitions of Er-rich PrxEr1−x alloys
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 171
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 324
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Interstitial impurities (primarily oxygen, but also fluorine, nitrogen, and carbon) have a considerable effect on the magnetism of Er. They lower the second-order magnetic transition temperatures (86 and 53 K), increase the first-order magnetic transition temperature (19 K) and destroy the spin-slip magnetic transition (26 K) of pure Er. Similar trends are observed in the PrxEr1−x alloys for 0&les;x&les;0.4. Pr additions to commercial-grade Er and to high-purity Er lower the two second-order and spin-slip magnetic transition temperatures, and have little or no effect on the first-order magnetic transition temperature for x&les;0.125. The 52 and 22 K transitions are wiped out by Pr additions of <f>x≃0.10</f> and <f>0.02</f>, respectively. Furthermore, the first-order transition terminates in the concentration range 0.10&les;x&les;0.125, and a new magnetic phase is formed between 0.125&les;x&les;0.15. For <f>x≃0.35</f>, the magnetic transitions merge and for larger Pr concentrations there is only one second-order paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition on cooling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERBIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - Erbium magnetic transitions
KW  - Low-temperature heat capacity
KW  - Pr–Er magnetic-phase diagram
N1  - Accession Number: 9714363; Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 1,2; Email Address: cagey@ameslab.gov Pecharsky, A.O. 1 Wu, Y.L. 1,2 Pecharsky, V.K. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 171 Issue 1/2, p324; Subject Term: ERBIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erbium magnetic transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-temperature heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pr–Er magnetic-phase diagram; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00211-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soderholm, Lynda
T1  - Frank H. Spedding award citation
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 171
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 444
SN  - 00224596
N1  - Accession Number: 9714387; Soderholm, Lynda 1; Email Address: ls@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 171 Issue 1/2, p444; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00004-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
T1  - Using EPR spectroscopy to go from the Jahn–Teller effect to nuclear waste disposal
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 171
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for elucidating the fundamental solid-state-chemical and crystal-field ground-state electronic properties of rare-earth and actinide ions that are incorporated into single-crystal host materials. In the case of rare-earth or rare-earth-like ions that are characterized by a degenerate orbital doublet ground state when placed in a cubic crystal field, EPR has proven to be an extremely valuable approach to the study of various manifestations of the Jahn–Teller (J–T) effect. The contributions of EPR spectroscopy to the study of the J–T effect in ions such as La2+, Y2+ and Sc2+ include the discovery of quadrupolar effects in J–T systems and a verification of Frank Ham''s theory of the dynamic J–T effect. Such basic studies can often have unforeseen consequences—like leading to the discovery of new scintillators for gamma-ray detection or the development of a matrix for the disposal of radioactive waste. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - Actinide
KW  - EPR spectroscopy
KW  - J–T
KW  - Nuclear waste
KW  - Rare earth
KW  - Scintillators
N1  - Accession Number: 9714388; Boatner, L.A. 1; Email Address: lb4@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 171 Issue 1/2, p445; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinide; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPR spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: J–T; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00059-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaibyshev, R.
AU  - Musin, F.
AU  - Lesuer, D.R.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Superplastic behavior of an Al–Mg alloy at elevated temperatures
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 342
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The superplastic properties and microstructural evolution of a 0.2% Zr and 1.6% Mn modified 5083 aluminum alloy with an initial grain size of 6.2 μm were examined at strain rates ranging from 10−5 to 10−1 s−1 in the temperature interval 500–580 °C. The maximum elongation-to-failure of 1150% was found at 570 °C, which is near the solidus temperature of 572 °C, and an initial strain rate of 2.8×10−3 s−1. The corresponding strain rate sensitivity coefficient, m, was about 0.6. It was shown that increasing the temperature from 550 to 570 °C results in reduced cavitation and expanding the optimal interval of superplasticity toward lower strain rates due to the disappearance of the threshold stress. The influence of temperature on the mechanisms of superplastic deformation is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - SUPERPLASTICITY
KW  - Aluminum alloy
KW  - Grain boundary sliding
KW  - Microstrutural evolution
KW  - Superplasticity
KW  - Threshold stress
N1  - Accession Number: 8571151; Kaibyshev, R. 1; Email Address: rustam@anrb.ru Musin, F. 1 Lesuer, D.R. 2 Nieh, T.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems, Khalturina Street 39, Ufa 450001, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-342, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 342 Issue 1/2, p169; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: SUPERPLASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary sliding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstrutural evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superplasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Threshold stress; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, M.H.
AU  - Devi, P. Sujatha
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Sampath, Sanjay
AU  - Parise, J.B.
AU  - Gambino, R.J.
T1  - Novel synthesis and magnetocaloric assessment of functional oxide perovskites
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 09215107
AB  - The magnetic entropy change associated with the ferromagnetic Curie transition has been studied in La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 (LSM) perovskites obtained by both the citrate–nitrate gel autoignition and combustion thermal spray techniques. A modest magnetic entropy change can be observed in La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 by sintering the precursor-derived powder at 1200 °C for 16 h or by combustion spraying the solution precursor onto an Al substrate and annealing at 800 °C for 6 h. The combustion thermal spray process with rapid deposition rates and relatively low deposition temperature directly produces a microcrystalline perovskite phase. This microcrystalline powder can be processed more rapidly and at lower temperatures than that derived from the sol–gel syntheses process to produce material with fine crystallinity and an obvious magnetocaloric effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - Combustion thermal spray
KW  - Gel autoignition
KW  - Magnetocaloric effect
KW  - Perovskite oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 9144211; Yu, M.H. 1; Email Address: mhyu@bnl.gov Devi, P. Sujatha 2 Lewis, L.H. 1 Sampath, Sanjay 2 Parise, J.B. 2 Gambino, R.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 480, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Center for Thermal Spray Research, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Geosciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 97 Issue 3, p245; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion thermal spray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gel autoignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetocaloric effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite oxide; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5107(02)00597-4
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Peter S.
T1  - Heavy baryons — Recent and very new results
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 115
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Recent results on observations, properties and decay modes of the charmed and beauty baryons will be reviewed. Candidates for several new high mass states which include a cleanly-identified daughter <F>Λc+</F> baryon are seen in data from the SELEX experiment at Fermilab. These states are candidates for doubly-charmed baryons: a <F>Ξcc++</F> state and a <F>Ξcc++</F> state. These candidates are more than 5σ signals in each case at masses of 3520 and 3460 MeV respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
N1  - Accession Number: 9900402; Cooper, Peter S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P.O. Box 500, MS 122, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 115 Issue 1-3, p29; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
T1  - Puzzles in hyperon, charm and beauty physics
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 115
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Puzzles awaiting better experiments and better theory include: (1) the contradiction between good and bad SU(3) baryon wave functions in fitting Cabibbo theory for hyperon decays, strangeness suppression in the sea and the violation of the Gottfried Sum rule - no model fits all; (2) Anomalously enhanced Cabibbo-suppressed <F>D+ → K&ast;+(s<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">d</OVL>)</F> decays; (3) anomalously enhanced and suppressed <F>B → ν′X</F> decays; (4) the OZI rule in weak decays; (5) Vector dominance (<F>W → π, ϱ, α1, D1, Ds&ast;</F>) in weak decays (6) Puzzles in doubly-cabibbo-suppressed charm decays. (7) Problems in obtaining Λ spin structure from polarization measurements of produced Λ''s. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - HYPERONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9900422; Lipkin, Harry J. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel  3: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 115 Issue 1-3, p117; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: HYPERONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leibovich, Adam K.
T1  - Radiative upsilon decay at the endpoint
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 115
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The standard NRQCD power counting breaks down and the OPE gives rise to color-octet shape functions at the upper endpoint of the photon energy spectrum in radiative &Upsi; decay. Also in this kinematic regime, large Sukadov logarithms appear in the octet Wilson coefficients, ruining the perturbative expansion. Using SCET, the octet shape functions arise naturally and the Sudakov logarithms can be summed using the renormalization group equations. We derive an expression for the resummed octet energy spectrum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9900436; Leibovich, Adam K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theory Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 115 Issue 1-3, p183; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zyla, Piotr
AU  - Chan, A.
AU  - Chen, Y.C.
AU  - Ho, C.
AU  - Teng, P.K.
AU  - Choong, W.S.
AU  - Gidal, G.
AU  - Fu, Y.
AU  - Gu, P.
AU  - Jones, T.
AU  - Luk, K.B.
AU  - Turko, B.
AU  - Zyla, P.
AU  - James, C.
AU  - Volk, J.
AU  - Felix, J.
AU  - Burnstein, R.A.
AU  - Chakrovorty, A.
AU  - Kaplan, D.M.
AU  - Lederman, L.M.
T1  - Search for CP violation in hyperon decays
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 115
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Direct CP violation in nonleptonic hyperon decays can be established by comparing the decays of hyperons and anti-hyperons. For Ξ decay to Λπ followed by Λ to <F>pπ</F>, the proton distribution in the rest frame of Lambda is governed by the product of the decay parameters <F>αΞαΛ</F>. The asymmetry <F>ΛΞΛ</F>, proportional to the difference of <F>αΞαΛ</F> of the hyperon and anti-hyperon decays, vanishes if CP is conserved. We report on an analysis of a fraction of 1997 and 1999 data collected by the HyperCP (E871) collaboration during the fixed-target runs at Fermilab. The preliminary measurement of the assymmetry is <F>AΞΛ = [−7±12(stat)±6.2(sys)] × 10−4</F>, an order of magnitude better than the present limit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HYPERONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9900448; Zyla, Piotr 1 Chan, A. 2 Chen, Y.C. 2 Ho, C. 2 Teng, P.K. 2 Choong, W.S. 3 Gidal, G. 3 Fu, Y. 3 Gu, P. 3 Jones, T. 3 Luk, K.B. 3 Turko, B. 3 Zyla, P. 3 James, C. 4 Volk, J. 4 Felix, J. 5 Burnstein, R.A. 6 Chakrovorty, A. 6 Kaplan, D.M. 6 Lederman, L.M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Bldg. 50R-6040, Berkeley, CA 94720-8165, USA  2: Academia Sinica, USA  3: UC Berkeley and LBNL, USA  4: FNAL, USA  5: Guanajuato, USA  6: IIT, Chicago, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 115 Issue 1-3, p242; Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HYPERONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kasper, Penelope
T1  - Physics reach of BTeV
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 115
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 09205632
AB  - BTeV is a collider program at the Fermilab Tevatron dedicated to the study of CP violation, mixing, and rare decays in beauty and charm hadrons. The detectors is a forward spectrometer sited at the C-Zero interaction region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9900467; Kasper, Penelope 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 115 Issue 1-3, p327; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwan, S.
T1  - The BTeV pixel detector and trigger system
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 115
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
SN  - 09205632
AB  - BTeV is an approved forward collider experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron dedicated to the precision studies of CP violation, mixing, and rare decays of beauty and charm hadrons. The BTeV detector has been designed to achieve these goals. One of the unique features of BTeV is a state-of-the-art pixel detector system, designed to provide accurate measurements of the decay vertices of heavy flavor hadrons that can be used in the first trigger level. The pixel vertex detector and the trigger design are described. Recent results on some of the achievements in our R&D effort are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9900468; Kwan, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 115 Issue 1-3, p331; Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aslanoglu, Ziya
AU  - Akin, Yalcin
AU  - El-Kawni, Marwan I.
AU  - Sigmund, Wolfgang
AU  - Hascicek, Yusuf S.
T1  - Influence of the low oxygen partial pressures on thick YBCO coated conductor by sol–gel process
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 384
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The effects of annealing under varying oxygen partial pressures on the formation of YBa2Cu3<f>O7−x</f> (YBCO) superconducting thick films by sol–gel process were investigated. Superconducting thick films of YBCO were prepared on nickel tapes buffered with yttrium stabilized zirconia layers by continuous sol–gel dip coating method. Annealing of YBCO coated conductor was performed under varying low oxygen partial pressures. SEM, EDS, and XRD analyses were used to characterize the YBCO coated conductor. The thick films produced in this manner were dense and free of cracks. It was found that the oxygen partial pressure affects the texture formation of YBCO thick film. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THICK films
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - Coated conductor
KW  - Oxygen partial pressure
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 8804345; Aslanoglu, Ziya 1,2; Email Address: ziya@magnet.fsu.edu Akin, Yalcin 1,3 El-Kawni, Marwan I. 1 Sigmund, Wolfgang 3 Hascicek, Yusuf S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Magnet Science and Technology, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Materials Science and Engineering, Sakarya University, Adapazari, Sakarya 54100, Turkey  3: Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 384 Issue 4, p501; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen partial pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coffey, Gregory W.
AU  - Hardy, John
AU  - Pedersen, Larry R.
AU  - Rieke, Peter C.
AU  - Thomsen, Edwin C.
AU  - Walpole, Mark
T1  - Electrochemical properties of lanthanum strontium aluminum ferrites for the oxygen reduction reaction
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 158
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01672738
AB  - The oxygen reduction reaction was studied on the La1−xSrxAlyFe1−yO3 (x=0.2, y=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) system by cyclic voltametry and electronic conductivity. Activation energies for the bulk and film conductivities were determined. Tafel analysis afforded the activation energies “from the temperature dependence of the exchange current densities” as well as the charge transfer coefficient. The electrical conductivity of bulk material was found to decrease with aluminum content. Formation of the materials into thin porous films further decreased the conductivity after correcting for porosity. Aluminum substitution substantially decreased the performance through influence of the pre-exponential factor in the Butler–Volmer formulation. Neither the activation energies nor the charge transfer coefficient for these materials varied significantly. Aluminum does not adversely influence the basic mechanism of oxygen reduction. It may occupy and block electrochemically active sites on the electrode surface, but it does not appear to decrease the intrinsic activity of available surface sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LANTHANUM compounds
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - Cathode
KW  - Lanthanum strontium aluminum ferrite
KW  - Lanthanum strontium ferrite
KW  - Oxygen reduction reaction
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cell
N1  - Accession Number: 9099301; Coffey, Gregory W. 1 Hardy, John 1 Pedersen, Larry R. 1 Rieke, Peter C.; Email Address: peter.rieke@pnl.gov Thomsen, Edwin C. 1 Walpole, Mark 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Synthesis and Modification Group, k2-44, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 158 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: LANTHANUM compounds; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum strontium aluminum ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum strontium ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen reduction reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cell; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00174-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edman, Ludvig
AU  - Doeff, Marca M.
T1  - Thermal analysis of a solid polymer electrolyte and a subsequent electrochemical investigation of a lithium polymer battery
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/02/15/
VL  - 158
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 01672738
AB  - A notable slow recrystallization process following heating above the liquidus line for P(EO)nLiTFSI electrolytes with n values ranging from 5 to 12 is shown to be correlated to a slow nucleation process as concluded from extensive differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. This concentration anomaly motivated the assembly of a room temperature Li/P(EO)8LiTFSI/LixMnO2 cell, containing a preheated amorphous electrolyte, which initially delivered a cathode capacity of 27 mA h/g at a current density of 0.1 mA/cm2 and 60 mA h/g at 0.05 mA/cm2 as compared to typical discharge capacities of 95–120 mA h/g for similar polymer systems at 85 °C and liquid systems at room temperature. The delivered capacity decreased during cell cycling and reached a limiting value of 10 mA h/g after cycle 15. Li/P(EO)nLiTFSI/LixMnO2 cells (n=6, 8, 20) were also cycled extensively at 85 °C, and an analysis of the results indicates that the solid electrolyte interfacial (SEI) resistance, formed between the lithium negative electrode and the electrolyte, remains constant during cycling (RSEI&ap;3–7×10−3 Ω m2) and is of the same magnitude as the bulk electrolyte resistance. Furthermore, it is shown that severe concentration gradients develop over the electrolytes during cell operation, and that the marked diminishing cathode capacity for the n=8 cell at 20 °C, and also for the n=20 cell at 85 °C, with increasing current density, appears to be related to a limiting current situation. Losses in energy and power densities at steady state conditions for n=6 and n=8 cells at 85 °C appear mainly related to the development of a concentration overpotential, which lowers the working potential curve and causes the cutoff potential to be reached sooner. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - THERMAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9099303; Edman, Ludvig 1,2; Email Address: ludvig.edman@physics.umu.se Doeff, Marca M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Experimental Physics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 158 Issue 1/2, p177; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00716-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Jaouen, Gérard
AU  - Fish, Richard H.
T1  - Foreword to the special JOMC issue on bioorganometallic chemistry
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/17/
VL  - 668
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
SN  - 0022328X
N1  - Accession Number: 9144134; Jaouen, Gérard 1 Fish, Richard H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 668 Issue 1/2, p1; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-328X(02)02089-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elduque, Anabel
AU  - Carmona, Daniel
AU  - Oro, Luis A.
AU  - Eisenstein, Miriam
AU  - Fish, Richard H.
T1  - Bioorganometallic chemistry: Part 15. A novel molecular recognition process of host, trans-[Cp*Rh(η1(N3)-1-methylcytosine)(μ-OH)]2(OTf)2, with l-aromatic amino acid guests: selective hydrogen bonding to the μ-OH groups and the 1-methylcytosine ligands
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/02/17/
VL  - 668
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - The 1H-NMR and computer docking experiments have elucidated a novel molecular recognition process of host, trans-[Cp*Rh(η1(N3)-1-methylcytosine)(μ-OH)]2(OTf)2 (1), with l-aromatic amino acids, which is predicated on a selective hydrogen bonding regime of the <f>NH3+</f> of the amino acid to one of the Rh&z.sbnd;μ-OH groups, as well as to a C&z.dbnd6;O group of one of the other 1-methycytosine ligands, while the COO− H-bonds to an NH2 of the other 1-methycytosine ligand. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR recognition
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - Host–guest non-covalent interactions
KW  - Molecular recognition
KW  - Selective hydrogen bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 9144144; Elduque, Anabel 1 Carmona, Daniel 1 Oro, Luis A. 1 Eisenstein, Miriam 2 Fish, Richard H. 1,3,4; Email Address: rhfish@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science-ICMA, University of Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain  2: Department of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Services Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 668 Issue 1/2, p123; Subject Term: MOLECULAR recognition; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Host–guest non-covalent interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective hydrogen bonding; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-328X(02)02141-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Tasha R.
AU  - Miller, Mark Steven
AU  - Lohman, Kurt
AU  - Lange, Ethan M.
AU  - Case, L. Douglas
AU  - Mohrenweiser, Harvey W.
AU  - Hu, Jennifer J.
T1  - Polymorphisms of XRCC1 and XRCC3 genes and susceptibility to breast cancer
JO  - Cancer Letters
JF  - Cancer Letters
Y1  - 2003/02/20/
VL  - 190
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 03043835
AB  - Mammalian cells are constantly exposed to a wide variety of genotoxic agents from both endogenous and exogenous sources. Genetic variability in DNA repair may contribute to human cancer risk. We used a case-control study design (162 cases and 302 controls) to test the association between three amino acid substitution variants of DNA repair genes (XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC1 Arg399Gln, and XRCC3 Thr241Met) and breast cancer susceptibility. We found a weak association between the XRCC1 194Trp allele and breast cancer risk (adjusted odds ratio <f>(OR)=1.98</f>; 95% confidence interval <f>(CI)=0.85–4.63</f>). We also found a potential gene-gene interaction between the XRCC1 194Trp allele and XRCC3 241Met allele and breast cancer risk (adjusted <f>OR=8.74</f>; 95% <f>CI=1.13–67.53</f>). Although larger studies are needed to validate the study results, our data suggest that amino acid substitution variants of XRCC1 and XRCC3 genes may contribute to breast cancer susceptibility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - Breast Cancer
KW  - DNA repair polymorphisms
KW  - Genetic susceptibility
N1  - Accession Number: 8998746; Smith, Tasha R. 1 Miller, Mark Steven 1,2 Lohman, Kurt 3 Lange, Ethan M. 3 Case, L. Douglas 3 Mohrenweiser, Harvey W. 4 Hu, Jennifer J. 1,2,3; Email Address: jenhu@wfubmc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA  2: Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA  3: Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA  4: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 190 Issue 2, p183; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Subject Term: DNA repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast Cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA repair polymorphisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic susceptibility; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3835(02)00595-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reddmann, H.
AU  - Jank, S.
AU  - Schultze, H.
AU  - Amberger, H.-D.
AU  - Edelstein, N.M.
T1  - Electronic structures of organometallic complexes of f elements. LIII. Comparison of the experimental spectroscopic splitting factors of a magnetically diluted tetrahydrofuran adduct derived from tris(η5-cyclopentadienyl)erbium with calculated values based on wavefunctions obtained from a parametric analysis of the absorption spectrum
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/02/20/
VL  - 344
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 00201693
AB  - The absorption spectrum of (η5-Cp)3Er·MeTHF (1) has been measured at room and low temperatures. Fitting the experimental energy levels to those obtained by the diagonalization of the energy matrices obtained from a parametric Hamiltonian resulted in 47 crystal field assignments with an r.m.s. deviation of 27.6 cm−1. The averaged values of the spectroscopic splitting factors ∣g&z.dfnc;∣=8.07 and ∣g⊥∣=4.41 (extracted from the 2.6 K electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of Cp3La0.945Er0.055·THF (2)) could be reproduced in a satisfactory manner with the wavefunction of the CF ground state obtained from these calculations. Also the experimentally determined temperature dependence of μ<f>2eff</f> of the powdered complex 1 could be simulated by using the calculated wavefunctions and eigenvalues. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERBIUM
KW  - PARAMAGNETISM
KW  - Absorption spectrum
KW  - Crystal field analysis
KW  - EPR spectrum
KW  - Erbium
KW  - Paramagnetic susceptibility
N1  - Accession Number: 9154771; Reddmann, H. 1 Jank, S. 1 Schultze, H. 1 Amberger, H.-D. 1; Email Address: fc3a501@uni-hamburg.de Edelstein, N.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie der Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 344, p243; Subject Term: ERBIUM; Subject Term: PARAMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal field analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPR spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erbium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paramagnetic susceptibility; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, M.A.
AU  - Perkins, C.L.
AU  - Engelhard, M.H.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Peden, C.H.F.
T1  - Redox properties of water on the oxidized and reduced surfaces of CeO2<f>(1 1 1)</f>
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/02/20/
VL  - 526
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We present X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) results probing the surface chemistry of water on the oxidized and reduced surfaces of a 500 A˚ epitaxial CeO2(1 1 1) film grown on yttria-stabilized ZrO2(1 1 1). Oxidation with O2 at 773 K under UHV conditions was sufficient to generate XPS spectra reflective of fully oxidized CeO2(1 1 1). Surface reduction was carried out by annealing in UHV between 773 and 973 K, and the level of reduction was quantified using changes in the Ce3d3/2 4f0 photoemission peak at 917 eV which results primarily from Ce4+ sites. As expected, the level of surface reduction (generation of Ce3+ sites) increased with increasing temperature. These Ce3+ sites were primarily in the first layer based on the fact that exposure of the film to O2 at RT resulted in nearly complete conversion of Ce3+ to Ce4+. Annealing at 773 K led to a surface in which &ap;40% of the surface Ce4+ sites were reduced to Ce3+, whereas annealing at higher temperatures led to more substantial reduction of the first layer along with some subsurface reduction that was not reoxidized by RT exposure to O2. Comparisons with results in the literature for reduction of single crystal CeO2(1 1 1) surfaces suggest that the volume-to-surface ratio of ceria samples influences, in part, the reduction conditions that result in detectable levels of surface Ce3+ sites. In other words, the annealing temperatures required to achieve a specific extent of surface reduction likely depends on the thickness of the sample. Water TPD studies on the oxidized CeO2(1 1 1) surface reveal strong coverage dependence that destabilizes high coverages of water relative to low coverages. The presence of surface reduction (on the order 30% oxygen vacancy sites) removes much of the coverage dependent behavior. TPD uptake measurements, H2 TPD spectra and XPS spectra in the Ce3d core level and Ce4f valence band (VB) regions all indicate that little or no irreversible water decomposition or Ce3+ oxidation was observed for water on this reduced surface. In contrast, exposure of water at 650 K resulted in additional surface reduction above that observed from annealing at 650 K in the absence of water. This is attributed to a redistribution of oxygen vacancies from the bulk to the surface as a result of high temperature water treatment. Because water oxidation of Ce3+ surface sites has been observed for reduced ceria powders, but was not observed on the reduced CeO2(1 1 1) surfaces studied here, we propose that the reduced (1 1 1) surface is more resistant than non-(1 1 1) terminations to being oxidized by water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
N1  - Accession Number: 9052653; Henderson, M.A.; Email Address: ma.henderson@pnl.gov Perkins, C.L. Engelhard, M.H. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Peden, C.H.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93 Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 526 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)02657-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cai, T.
AU  - Ledieu, J.
AU  - McGrath, R.
AU  - Fournée, V.
AU  - Lograsso, T.
AU  - Ross, A.
AU  - Thiel, P.
T1  - Pseudomorphic starfish: nucleation of extrinsic metal atoms on a quasicrystalline substrate
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/02/20/
VL  - 526
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Direct observation of extrinsic Al atoms on the fivefold surface of icosahedral Al–Cu–Fe indicates that they form pseudomorphic islands resembling starfish. The starfish occupy specific types of sites on the laterally-bulk-terminated quasicrystalline surface. We postulate that the nucleation event consists of a diffusing Al atom dropping into an empty site at the centre of a substrate pentagon. Growth consists of the addition of five Al atoms (nearly) in lattice sites. These 6-atom starfish do not grow laterally as coverage increases, leading to islands of uniform size, and to early roughening. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Alloys
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Single crystal epitaxy
N1  - Accession Number: 9052662; Cai, T. 1 Ledieu, J. 2 McGrath, R. 2 Fournée, V. 3 Lograsso, T. 3 Ross, A. 3 Thiel, P. 3; Email Address: thiel@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Surface Science Research Centre, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK  3: Department of Chemistry, Department of Metallurgy and Ceramics and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 526 Issue 1/2, p115; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal epitaxy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)02593-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clementi, Cecilia
AU  - Garcıa, Angel E.
AU  - Onuchic, José N.
T1  - Interplay Among Tertiary Contacts, Secondary Structure Formation and Side-chain Packing in the Protein Folding Mechanism: All-atom Representation Study of Protein L
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/02/21/
VL  - 326
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 933
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Experimental and theoretical results suggest that, since proteins are energetically minimally frustrated, the native fold, or topology, plays a primary role in determining the structure of the transition state ensemble and on-pathway intermediate states in protein folding. Although the central role of native state topology in determining the folding mechanism is thought to be a quite general result—at least for small two-state folding proteins—there are remarkable exceptions. Recent experimental findings have shown that topology alone cannot always determine the folding mechanism, and demonstrated that the balance between topology and energetics is very delicate. This balance seems to be particularly critical in proteins with a highly symmetrical native structure, such as proteins L and G, which have similar native structure topology but fold by different mechanisms. Simplified, <f>Cα</f>-atom only protein models have shown not be sufficient to differentiate these mechanisms. An all-atom Go¯ model provides a valuable intermediate model between structurally simplified protein representations and all-atom protein simulations with explicit/implicit solvent descriptions. We present here a detailed study of an all-atom Go¯-like representation of protein L, in close comparison with the experimental results and with the results obtained from a simple Cα-atom representation of the same protein. We also perform simulations for protein G, where we obtain a folding mechanism in which the protein symmetry is broken exactly in the opposite way to protein L as has been observed experimentally. A detailed analysis for protein L also shows that the role of specific residues is correctly and quantitatively reproduced by the all-atom Go¯ model over almost the entire protein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - G proteins
KW  - TSE, transition state ensemble
N1  - Accession Number: 9054536; Clementi, Cecilia 1; Email Address: cecilia@rice.edu Garcıa, Angel E. 2 Onuchic, José N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005-1892, USA  2: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, T10 MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Center for Theoretical Biological Physics and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 326 Issue 3, p933; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: G proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: TSE, transition state ensemble; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01379-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SAMUEL, STUART A.
AU  - WENG, GEZHI
T1  - Characterization of a Branch of the Phylogenetic Tree
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2003/02/21/
VL  - 220
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 457
SN  - 00225193
AB  - We use a combination of analytic models and computer simulations to gain insight into the dynamics of evolution. Our results suggest that certain interesting phenomena should eventually emerge from the fossil record. For example, there should be a “tortoise and hare effect”: those genera with the smallest species death rate are likely to survive much longer than genera with large species birth and death rates. A complete characterization of the behavior of a branch of the phylogenetic tree corresponding to a genus and accurate mathematical representations of the various stages are obtained. We apply our results to address certain controversial issues that have arisen in paleontology such as the importance of punctuated equilibrium and whether unique Cambrian phyla have survived to the present. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY theories
KW  - FOSSILS
N1  - Accession Number: 9194295; SAMUEL, STUART A. 1 WENG, GEZHI 2; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlardo Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 50A-5105, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, U.S.A.  2: Department of Pharmacology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 220 Issue 4, p457; Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY theories; Subject Term: FOSSILS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/jtbi.2003.3132
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torres, Diego F.
AU  - Romero, Gustavo E.
AU  - Eiroa, Ernesto F.
AU  - Wambsganss, Joachim
AU  - Pessah, Martín E.
T1  - Gravitational microlensing of γ-ray blazars.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/02/21/
VL  - 339
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 352
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - ABSTRACT We present a detailed study of the effects of gravitational microlensing on compact and distant γ-ray blazars. These objects have γ-ray-emitting regions that are small enough to be affected by microlensing effects produced by stars lying in intermediate galaxies. We compute the gravitational magnification taking into account effects of the lensing and show that, whereas the innermost γ-ray spheres can be significantly magnified, there is little magnification either for very high γ-ray energies or for lower (radio) frequencies (because these wavelengths are emitted from larger regions). We analyse the temporal evolution of the gamma-ray magnification for sources moving in a caustic pattern field, where the combined effects of thousands of stars are taken into account using a numerical technique. We propose that some of the unidentified γ-ray sources (particularly some of those lying at high galactic latitude with gamma-ray statistical properties that are very similar to detected γ-ray blazars) are indeed the result of gravitational lensing magnification of background undetected active galactic nuclei (AGN). This is partly supported from a statistical point of view: we show herein as well, using the latest information from the third EGRET catalogue, that high-latitude γ-ray sources have similar averaged properties to already detected γ-ray AGN. Some differences between both samples, regarding the mean flux level, could also be understood within the lensing model. With an adequate selection of lensing parameters, it is possible to explain a variety of γ-ray light curves with different time-scales, including non-variable sources. The absence of strong radio counterparts could be naturally explained by differential magnification in the extended source formalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - MICROLENSING (Astrophysics)
KW  - STARS
KW  - galaxies: active
KW  - gamma-rays: observations
KW  - gamma-rays: theory
KW  - gravitational lensing
N1  - Accession Number: 9110629; Torres, Diego F. 1 Romero, Gustavo E. 2 Eiroa, Ernesto F. 3 Wambsganss, Joachim 4 Pessah, Martín E. 5; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, L-413, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía (IAR), CC 5, 1894 Villa Elisa, Buenos Aires, Argentina  3: Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio, CC 67, Suc. 28, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina  4: Universität Potsdam, Institut für Physik, Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam, Germany  5: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, AZ 85721, USA; Source Info: 2/21/2003, Vol. 339 Issue 2, p335; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: MICROLENSING (Astrophysics); Subject Term: STARS; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: active; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-rays: observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-rays: theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravitational lensing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06219.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9110629&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akai, K.
AU  - Akasaka, N.
AU  - Ebihara, K.
AU  - Ezura, E.
AU  - Furuya, T.
AU  - Hara, K.
AU  - Hosoyama, K.
AU  - Isagawa, S.
AU  - Kabe, A.
AU  - Kageyama, T.
AU  - Kojima, Y.
AU  - Mitsunobu, S.
AU  - Mizuno, H.
AU  - Morita, Y.
AU  - Nakai, H.
AU  - Nakanishi, H.
AU  - Ono, M.
AU  - Sakai, H.
AU  - Suetake, M.
AU  - Tajima, T.
T1  - RF systems for the KEK B-Factory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/02/21/
VL  - 499
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper describes the design features and operational status of the RF systems for the KEK B-Factory (KEKB). Two types of new RF cavities have been developed to store very high-intensity beams with many short bunches. The design and performance of the cavities and other critical components, such as the input couplers and HOM dampers, are reported. The configuration of the RF systems is given and descriptions of various control loops are made, including a direct RF feedback loop and a 0-mode damping loop. The effects of transient beam loading due to a bunch gap on bunch phase modulations were simulated and measured. The development of a superconducting crab cavity, which is a component of luminosity upgrade strategy, is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PROCESS control
KW  - Accelerating cavity
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - B-factory
KW  - Crab cavity
KW  - RF control
KW  - RF system
N1  - Accession Number: 9099335; Akai, K. 1 Akasaka, N. 1 Ebihara, K. 1 Ezura, E. 1; Email Address: ezura@post.kek.jp Furuya, T. 1 Hara, K. 1 Hosoyama, K. 1 Isagawa, S. 1 Kabe, A. 1 Kageyama, T. 1 Kojima, Y. 1 Mitsunobu, S. 1 Mizuno, H. 1 Morita, Y. 1 Nakai, H. 1 Nakanishi, H. 1 Ono, M. 1 Sakai, H. 1 Suetake, M. 1 Tajima, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 499 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PROCESS control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerating cavity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: B-factory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crab cavity; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF control; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF system; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01773-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bedaque, Paulo F.
AU  - Rupak, Gautam
AU  - Grießhammer, Harald W.
AU  - Hammer, H.-W.
T1  - Low energy expansion in the three body system to all orders and the triton channel
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/02/24/
VL  - 714
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 589
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We extend and systematise the power counting for the three-body system, in the context of the “pion-less” Effective Field Theory approach, to all orders in the low-energy expansion. We show that a sub-leading part of the three-body force appears at the third order and delineate how the expansion proceeds at higher orders. After discussing the renormalisation issues in a simple bosonic model, we compute the phase shifts for neutron–deuteron scattering in the doublet <f>S</f> wave (triton) channel and compare our results with phase shift analysis and potential model calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THREE-body problem (Physics)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - Effective field theory
KW  - Faddeev equation
KW  - Three body force
KW  - Three body system
N1  - Accession Number: 8929068; Bedaque, Paulo F. 1; Email Address: pfbedaque@lbl.gov Rupak, Gautam 1; Email Address: grupak@lbl.gov Grießhammer, Harald W. 2,3; Email Address: hgrie@physik.tu-muenchen.de Hammer, H.-W. 4; Email Address: hammer@mps.ohio-state.edu; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institut für Theoretische Physik (T39), Physik Department der Technischen Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany  3: ECT*, Villa Tambosi, I-38050 Villazzano (Trento), Italy  4: Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 714 Issue 3/4, p589; Subject Term: THREE-body problem (Physics); Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Effective field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Faddeev equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three body force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three body system; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9474(02)01402-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chacón, L.
AU  - Knoll, D.A.
AU  - Finn, J.M.
T1  - Hall MHD effects on the 2D Kelvin–Helmholtz/tearing instability
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/02/24/
VL  - 308
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 03759601
AB  - The Kelvin–Helmholtz (KHI)/tearing (TMI) instability is studied with a 2D incompressible Hall MHD model. In the equilibrium configuration of interest, the magnetic and ion velocity fields are parallel and identically sheared. While in resistive MHD simultaneous growth of a TMI and a KHI is precluded, Hall physics, by decoupling electrons and ions, destabilizes both modes, leading to a more complex interaction. Nonlinearly, saturation occurs with the formation of a magnetic island and an ion flow vortex in both sub- and super-Alfve´nic regimes. For moderately large <f>c/ωpi</f>, the electron flow shows good alignment with the magnetic field, while demagnetized ions still show KH activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Collisionless reconnection
KW  - Current-vortex sheets
KW  - Hall MHD
KW  - Kelvin–Helmholtz instability
KW  - Tearing instability
N1  - Accession Number: 9052768; Chacón, L.; Email Address: chacon@lanl.gov Knoll, D.A. 1 Finn, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 308 Issue 2/3, p187; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collisionless reconnection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current-vortex sheets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hall MHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kelvin–Helmholtz instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tearing instability; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9601(02)01807-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9052768&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrett, Chris
AU  - Hunt III, Harry B.
AU  - Marathe, Madhav V.
AU  - Ravi, S.S.
AU  - Rosenkrantz, Daniel J.
AU  - Stearns, Richard E.
T1  - Reachability problems for sequential dynamical systems with threshold functions
JO  - Theoretical Computer Science
JF  - Theoretical Computer Science
Y1  - 2003/02/24/
VL  - 295
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 03043975
AB  - A sequential dynamical system (SDS) over a domain <f>D</f> is a triple <f>(G,F,π)</f>, where (i) <f>G(V,E)</f> is an undirected graph with <f>n</f> nodes with each node having a state value from <f>D</f>, (ii) <f>F={f1,f2,…,fn}</f> is a set of local transition functions with <f>fi</f> denoting the local transition function associated with node <f>vi</f> and (iii) <f>π</f> is a permutation of (i.e., a total order on) the nodes in <f>V</f>. A single SDS transition is obtained by updating the states of the nodes in <f>V</f> by evaluating the function associated with each of them in the order given by <f>π</f>.We consider reachability problems for SDSs with restricted local transition functions. Our main intractability results show that the reachability problems for SDSs are PSPACE-complete when either of the following restrictions hold: (i) <f>F</f> consists of both simple-threshold-functions and simple-inverted-threshold functions, or (ii) <f>F</f> consists only of threshold-functions that use weights in an asymmetric manner. Moreover, the results hold even for SDSs whose underlying graphs have bounded node degree and bounded pathwidth. Our lower bound results also extend to reachability problems for Hopfield networks and communicating finite state machines.On the positive side, we show that when <f>F</f> consists only of threshold functions that use weights in a symmetric manner, reachability problems can be solved efficiently provided all the weights are strictly positive and the ratio of the largest to the smallest weight is bounded by a polynomial function of the number of nodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical Computer Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
KW  - CELLULAR automata
KW  - Cellular automata
KW  - Communicating finite state machines
KW  - Computational complexity
KW  - Dynamical systems
KW  - Hopfield networks
KW  - Theory of simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 9144495; Barrett, Chris 1; Email Address: barrett@lanl.gov Hunt III, Harry B. 2; Email Address: hunt@cs.albany.edu Marathe, Madhav V. 1; Email Address: marathe@lanl.gov Ravi, S.S. 2; Email Address: ravi@cs.albany.edu Rosenkrantz, Daniel J. 2; Email Address: djr@cs.albany.edu Stearns, Richard E. 2; Email Address: res@cs.albany.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M997, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, University at Albany—SUNY, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 295 Issue 1-3, p41; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; Subject Term: CELLULAR automata; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular automata; Author-Supplied Keyword: Communicating finite state machines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamical systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hopfield networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory of simulation; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3975(02)00395-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Limthongkul, Pimpa
AU  - Jang, Young-Il
AU  - Dudney, Nancy J.
AU  - Chiang, Yet-Ming
T1  - Electrochemically-driven solid-state amorphization in lithium-silicon alloys and implications for lithium storage
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/02/25/
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1103
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Lithiated metal alloys such as Li-Si are of great interest as high energy density anodes for future rechargeable battery technology. We show that the mechanism of electrochemical alloying is electrochemically-driven solid-state amorphization, a process closely analogous to the diffusive solid-state amorphization of thin films. X-ray diffraction and HREM experiments reveal that the crystallization of equilibrium intermetallic compounds is circumvented during lithiation at room temperature, and that formation of highly lithiated Li-Si glass instead occurs. This glass is shown to be metastable with respect to the equilibrium crystalline phases. Similar behavior is observed in the diffusive reaction of Li and Si bilayer films, suggesting that lithium-metal alloys in general are likely candidates for solid-state amorphization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - SOLID state chemistry
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - Electrochemistry
KW  - Metallic glasses
KW  - Nanocrystalline materials
KW  - Phase transformation
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9007928; Limthongkul, Pimpa 1 Jang, Young-Il 2 Dudney, Nancy J. 2 Chiang, Yet-Ming 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1103; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: SOLID state chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00514-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bloom, Ira
AU  - Jones, Scott A.
AU  - Polzin, Edward G.
AU  - Battaglia, Vincent S.
AU  - Henriksen, Gary L.
AU  - Motloch, Chester G.
AU  - Wright, Randy B.
AU  - Jungst, Rudolph G.
AU  - Case, Herbert L.
AU  - Doughty, Daniel H.
T1  - Erratum to “Mechanisms of impedance rise in high-power, lithium-ion cells”: [J. Power Sources 111 (2002) 152–159]
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/02/25/
VL  - 114
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 180
SN  - 03787753
N1  - Accession Number: 9191664; Bloom, Ira 1; Email Address: bloom@cmt.anl.gov Jones, Scott A. 1 Polzin, Edward G. 1 Battaglia, Vincent S. 1 Henriksen, Gary L. 1 Motloch, Chester G. 2 Wright, Randy B. 2 Jungst, Rudolph G. 3 Case, Herbert L. 3 Doughty, Daniel H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4837, USA  2: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 114 Issue 1, p180; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00644-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stolyarov, Vladimir V.
AU  - Zhu, Y. Theodore
AU  - Alexandrov, Igor V.
AU  - Lowe, Terry C.
AU  - Valiev, Ruslan Z.
T1  - Grain refinement and properties of pure Ti processed by warm ECAP and cold rolling
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/02/25/
VL  - 343
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 09215093
AB  - This work explored a two-step severe plastic deformation process to produce ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti with significantly enhanced strength. Warm equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was first used to refine the grain size of Ti billets to about 350 nm. The Ti billets were further processed by repetitive cold rolling (CR). This two-step process produced UFG Ti with strengths higher than those of common titanium alloys such as Ti–6Al–4V. This paper reports the microstructures, tensile properties, and thermal stability of these Ti billets processed by a combination of warm ECAP and CR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Cold rolling
KW  - Equal channel angular pressing
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Property
KW  - Titanium
KW  - Ultrafine grain
N1  - Accession Number: 8572996; Stolyarov, Vladimir V. 1 Zhu, Y. Theodore 2; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Alexandrov, Igor V. 1 Lowe, Terry C. 2 Valiev, Ruslan Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa 450000, K. Marksa 12, Russia  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Main stop K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 343 Issue 1/2, p43; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cold rolling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equal channel angular pressing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Property; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafine grain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Settersten, Thomas B.
AU  - Farrow, Roger L.
AU  - Gray, Jeffrey A.
T1  - Infrared–ultraviolet double-resonance spectroscopy of OH in a flame
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/02/28/
VL  - 369
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 584
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We have experimentally investigated three types of two-color techniques for the detection of the hydroxyl radical using an infrared laser to pump individual ground-state rovibrational transitions and an ultraviolet laser to probe electronic transitions from the pumped intermediate levels. Signal scaling relations and saturation studies are compared for the following techniques: two-color laser-induced fluorescence (TC-LIF), polarization spectroscopy (TC-PS), and resonant four-wave mixing (TC-RFWM). Collisional effects are observed, but the time resolution set by the 1.5-ns laser pulses is not sufficient to determine state-to-state energy transfer rates in an atmospheric pressure flame. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROXYL group
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 9052781; Settersten, Thomas B. 1; Email Address: tbsette@sandia.gov Farrow, Roger L. 1 Gray, Jeffrey A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9065, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 369 Issue 5/6, p584; Subject Term: HYDROXYL group; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00022-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Orlandini, K.A.
AU  - Bowling, J.W.
AU  - Pinder III, J.E.
AU  - Penrose, W.R.
T1  - 90Y–90Sr disequilibrium in surface waters: investigating short-term particle dynamics by using a novel isotope pair
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/02/28/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We demonstrate the use of the disequilibrium between 90Sr (t1/2=29.1 yr) and its particle-reactive daughter 90Y (t1/2=64 h) to estimate particle removal rates and settling velocities in the epilimnion of a freshwater lake during varying conditions of stratification caused by seasonal changes. The estimated rates of removal obtained from the 90Sr–90Y disequilibrium showed good agreement with (a) measured rates of mass removal obtained from settling particle fluxes in sediment traps and the inventories of suspended material and (b) independently obtained removal coefficients for the scavenging behavior of two different isotopes of particle-reactive plutonium, present in the water column because of different processes. Because 90Sr is widespread and readily measurable in freshwater systems as a result of fallout from nuclear weapons testing, the 90Sr–90Y disequilibrium is a potentially valuable resource for examining particle dynamics in surface waters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - RADIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - CHRONOMETERS
KW  - isotope chronometers
KW  - particle dynamics
KW  - radiochemistry
KW  - scavenging coefficients
KW  - Y-90/Sr-90 disequilibria
N1  - Accession Number: 9098771; Orlandini, K.A. 1 Bowling, J.W. 2 Pinder III, J.E. 3 Penrose, W.R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  2: Environmental Safety Department, Procter and Gamble, Milford, OH 45150, USA  3: Department of Radiological Health Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1673, USA  4: Biological, Chemical and Physical Sciences Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1-4, p141; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: RADIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CHRONOMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: isotope chronometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: scavenging coefficients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Y-90/Sr-90 disequilibria; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01096-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
AU  - Abernathy, C.R.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Hebard, A.F.
AU  - Park, Y.D.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
T1  - Advances in wide bandgap materials for semiconductor spintronics
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: R
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: R
Y1  - 2003/02/28/
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 0927796X
AB  - Existing semiconductor electronic and photonic devices utilize the charge on electrons and holes in order to perform their specific functionality such as signal processing or light emission. The relatively new field of semiconductor spintronics seeks, in addition, to exploit the spin of charge carriers in new generations of transistors, lasers and integrated magnetic sensors. The ability to control of spin injection, transport and detection leads to the potential for new classes of ultra-low power, high speed memory, logic and photonic devices. The utility of such devices depends on the availability of materials with practical (>300 K) magnetic ordering temperatures. In this paper, we summarize recent progress in dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS) such as (Ga, Mn)N, (Ga, Mn)P, (Zn, Mn)O and (Zn, Mn)SiGeN2 exhibiting room temperature ferromagnetism, the origins of the magnetism and its potential applications in novel devices such as spin-polarized light emitters and spin field effect transistors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SPINTRONICS
KW  - Semiconductor
KW  - Spintronics
KW  - Wide bandgap materials
N1  - Accession Number: 9099237; Pearton, S.J. 1; Email Address: spear@mse.ufl.edu Abernathy, C.R. 1 Norton, D.P. 1 Hebard, A.F. 2 Park, Y.D. 3 Boatner, L.A. 4 Budai, J.D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116400, 100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  3: Center for Strongly Correlated Materials Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37813, USA; Source Info: Feb2003, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p137; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SPINTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spintronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wide bandgap materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brooks, Scott C.
AU  - Carroll, Sue L.
T1  - Geochemical reactions governing the fate of Co–NTA in contact with natural subsurface materials
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
SN  - 08832927
AB  - Subsurface codisposal of toxic metals and radionuclides with organic chelating agents has created vast areas of contaminated soils and groundwater. The fate of the metal/ radionuclide and ligand are inexorably linked in their interaction with soil minerals and aquifer solids. The present study was conducted to investigate the geochemical reactions (sorption, dissolution, dissociation, oxidation) that govern the fate of CoIINTA complexes in contact with natural subsurface materials that are typical of materials underlying some waste disposal areas. Equilibrium measurements indicated that at low pH (4) and in the presence of abundant surface exchangeable Al, the adsorption of Co and NTA was independent of the presence of the other component. By contrast, at higher pH (6 and 7.4) the sorption of both Co and NTA decreased in the presence of the other moiety. Solution phase analyses indicated that the decrease in sorption was driven by the formation of stable aqueous complexes of Co(II) and Co(III) with NTA. The time-dependent loss of CoIINTA from solution was accounted for by sorption, complex dissociation, and the oxidation of Co(II) to Co(III). Biodegradation of NTA was not an important process over the 21-day incubation period. Formation of Co(III) complexes has broad implications in these systems as these species are kinetically and thermodynamically stable, exhibit lower adsorption onto solids, and are resistant to biodegradation. Thus, with the exception of relatively extreme conditions (low pH, abundant readily available Al), NTA decreased Co partitioning to surfaces through the formation of stable aqueous complexes. This behavior may contribute to the undesirable transport of 60Co through the subsurface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Metals -- Toxicology
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 8620405; Brooks, Scott C.; Email Address: brookssc@ornl.gov; Carroll, Sue L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p423; Thesaurus Term: Metals -- Toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kreimann, Erica L.
AU  - Miura, Michiko
AU  - Itoiz, Marıa E.
AU  - Heber, Elisa
AU  - Garavaglia, Ricardo N.
AU  - Batistoni, Daniel
AU  - Rebagliati, Raúl Jiménez
AU  - Roberti, Marıa J.
AU  - Micca, Peggy L.
AU  - Coderre, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Schwint, Amanda E.
T1  - Biodistribution of a carborane-containing porphyrin as a targeting agent for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of oral cancer in the hamster cheek pouch
JO  - Archives of Oral Biology
JF  - Archives of Oral Biology
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 48
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 00039969
AB  - Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a bimodal cancer treatment based on the selective accumulation of <F>10B</F> in tumors and concurrent irradiation with thermalized neutrons. The short-range, high-LET radiation produced by the capture of neutrons by <F>10B</F> could potentially control tumor while sparing normal tissue if the boron compound targets tumor selectively within the treatment volume. In previous studies, we proposed and validated the hamster cheek pouch model of oral cancer for BNCT studies, proved that absolute and relative uptake of the clinically employed boron compound boronophenylalanine (BPA) would be potentially therapeutic in this model and provided evidence of the efficacy of in vivo BPA-mediated BNCT to control hamster oral mucosa tumors with virtually no damage to normal tissue. We herein present the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of a lipophilic, carborane-containing tetraphenylporphyrin (CuTCPH) in the hamster oral cancer model. CuTCPH is a novel, non-toxic compound that may be advantageous in terms of selective and absolute delivery of boron to tumor tissues. For potentially effective BNCT, tumor boron concentrations from a new agent should be greater than 30 ppm and tumor/blood and tumor/normal tissue boron concentration ratios should be greater than 5/1 without causing significant toxicity. We administered CuTCPH intraperitoneally (i.p.) as a single dose of 32 μg/g body weight (b.w.) (10 μg B/g b.w.) or as four doses of 32 μg/g b.w. over 2 days. Blood (Bl) and tissues were sampled at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h in the single-dose protocol and at 1–4 days after the last injection in the multidose protocol. The tissues sampled were tumor (T), precancerous tissue surrounding tumor, normal pouch (N), skin, tongue, cheek and palate mucosa, liver, spleen, parotid gland and brain. The maximum mean B ratios for the single-dose protocol were T/N: 9.2/1 (12 h) and T/Bl: 18.1/1 (72 h). The B value peaked to <F>20.7±18.5</F> ppm in tumor at 24 h. The multidose protocol maximum mean ratios were T/N: 11.9/1 (3 days) and T/Bl: 235/1 (4 days). Absolute boron concentration in tumor reached a maximum value of 116 ppm and a mean value of <F>71.5±48.3</F> ppm at 3 days. The fact that absolute and relative B values markedly exceeded the BNCT therapeutic threshold with no apparent toxicity may confer on this compound a therapeutic advantage. CuTCPH-mediated BNCT would be potentially useful for the treatment of oral cancer in an experimental model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Oral Biology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON-neutron capture therapy
KW  - CANCER treatment
KW  - Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
KW  - Boronated porphyrin
KW  - CuTCPH
KW  - Hamster cheek pouch
KW  - Oral cancer
N1  - Accession Number: 9287937; Kreimann, Erica L. 1 Miura, Michiko 2 Itoiz, Marıa E. 1,3 Heber, Elisa 1 Garavaglia, Ricardo N. 4 Batistoni, Daniel 4 Rebagliati, Raúl Jiménez 4 Roberti, Marıa J. 4 Micca, Peggy L. 2 Coderre, Jeffrey A. 5 Schwint, Amanda E. 1; Email Address: schwint@cnea.gov.ar; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiobiology, National Atomic Energy Commission, Avenida del Libertador 8250, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, NY 11973, USA  3: Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, Buenos Aires 1122, Argentina  4: Department of Chemistry, National Atomic Energy Commission, Avenida del Libertador 8250, Buenos Aires 1429, Argentina  5: Nuclear Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 48 Issue 3, p223; Subject Term: BORON-neutron capture therapy; Subject Term: CANCER treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boronated porphyrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: CuTCPH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamster cheek pouch; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oral cancer; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-9969(02)00210-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Hotta, N.
AU  - Kasahara, K.
AU  - Ohta, I.
AU  - Ozawa, S.
AU  - Saito, T.
AU  - Shibata, M.
AU  - Xu, X.W.
AU  - Yuda, T.
T1  - Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
SN  - 09276505
AB  - We have done extensive Monte Carlo simulations using the new simulation codes of CORSIKA and COSMOS to compare with the gamma-family data obtained at Mts. Fuji (3750 m above sea level) and Kanbala (5500 m above sea level). Then, we estimated the primary proton and helium spectra around the knee energy region using a multiple-layered feed-forward neural network as a classifier of primary particle kind. The selection efficiency of proton-induced family events is estimated to be 82%. The flux value of protons at <f>2×1015</f> eV is <f>(5.5±1.5)×10−14</f> (m−2 s−1 sr−1 GeV−1). The result suggests heavy-enriched primary composition around the knee region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Cosmic ray
KW  - Emulsion chamber
KW  - Gamma-family
KW  - Knee region
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Neural network
KW  - Proton
N1  - Accession Number: 9011051; Huang, J. 1; Email Address: huang@kj.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp Hotta, N. 2 Kasahara, K. 3 Ohta, I. 2 Ozawa, S. 1 Saito, T. 4 Shibata, M. 5 Xu, X.W. 6 Yuda, T. 7; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Engineering, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan  2: Faculty of Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8585, Japan  3: Faculty of Systems Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 330-8570, Japan  4: Tokyo Metropolitan College of Aeronautical Engineering, Tokyo 116-0003, Japan  5: Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  7: Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p637; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmic ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emulsion chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-family; Author-Supplied Keyword: Knee region; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neural network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Percus, Jerome K.
AU  - Percus, Ora E.
AU  - Markowitz, Martin
AU  - Ho, David D.
AU  - Di Mascio, Michele
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - The Distribution of Viral Blips Observed in HIV-1 Infected Patients Treated with Combination Antiretroviral Therapy
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
JF  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 65
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 00928240
AB  - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy frequently have the level of HIV-1 RNA detectable in plasma driven below the lower limit of detection of current assays, 50 copies <f>ml−1</f>. Patients may continue to exhibit viral loads (VLs) below the assay limit for years, yet on some occasions the VL may be above the limit of detection. Whether these ‘blips’ in VL are simply assay errors or are indicative of intermittent episodes of increased viral replication is of great clinical concern. By analyzing the occurrence of viral blips in 123 treated HIV-infected patients, we show that patients do not share a common probability distribution of blip amplitude and thus reject the hypothesis that blips are solely due to assay variation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of Mathematical Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - VIRAL load
N1  - Accession Number: 10324550; Percus, Jerome K. 1 Percus, Ora E. 1 Markowitz, Martin 2 Ho, David D. 2 Di Mascio, Michele 3 Perelson, Alan S. 3; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10012, U.S.A.  2: Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A.  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 65 Issue 2, p263; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: VIRAL load; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0092-8240(02)00095-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rutherford, S.W.
AU  - Coons, J.E.
T1  - Adsorption dynamics of carbon dioxide in molecular sieving carbon
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
SN  - 00086223
AB  - The sorption equilibrium isotherm of carbon dioxide at 20 °C on a commercially manufactured carbon molecular sieve has been measured with a variable volume (vacuum to high pressure) volumetric adsorption apparatus. Measurement was taken over the pressure range <10–2000 Torr and the isotherm is characterized by Dubinin–Radushkevich analysis which provides the micropore size distribution. The equilibrium information is subsequently employed to characterize the dynamics of adsorption and it is shown that the uptake of carbon dioxide is Fickian with some deviation from Fickian behavior noted at lower pressures. The derived mobility parameter agrees reasonably well with that predicted by the Darken relation over more than a 200-fold change in pressure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - MOLECULAR sieves
KW  - A. Molecular sieves
KW  - C. Adsorption
KW  - D. Diffusion
KW  - Microporosity
N1  - Accession Number: 9160965; Rutherford, S.W.; Email Address: stevenr@lanl.gov Coons, J.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, MS C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p405; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: MOLECULAR sieves; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Molecular sieves; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microporosity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rutherford, S.W.
T1  - Application of cooperative multimolecular sorption theory for characterization of water adsorption equilibrium in carbon
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 622
SN  - 00086223
KW  - Activated carbon
KW  - Adsorption properties
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Porous carbon
KW  - Surface properties
N1  - Accession Number: 9160998; Rutherford, S.W. 1; Email Address: stevenr@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, MS C926, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p622; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activated carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface properties; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0008-6223(02)00420-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahajan, Devinder
AU  - Gütlich, Philipp
AU  - Stumm, Ulrich
T1  - The role of nano-sized iron particles in slurry phase Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
JO  - Catalysis Communications
JF  - Catalysis Communications
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 15667367
AB  - The slurry phase Fischer–Tropsch (F–T) activity of three <f>α-Fe2O3</f>-based materials, two unsupported nano-sized, NANOCAT (3 nm) and BASF (20–80 nm), and a supported micron-sized <f>(32.5 μm)</f> UCI, are compared with respect to total hydrocarbon production from synthesis gas <f>(H2/CO∼2/1)</f> at 513 K. Low temperature Mo¨ssbauer spectra of the quenched slurry samples after 120 h on-line show that all three catalysts are essentially a mixture of oxide and carbide phases with magnetite <f>(Fe3O4)</f> being the dominant phase. TEM images of the quenched samples reveal unexpected particle characteristics. While both unsupported nano-sized materials essentially avoid expected agglomeration, the micron-sized UCI transforms into nano-sized material. These results suggest a crucial role of nano Fe during F–T synthesis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON catalysts
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - FISCHER-Tropsch process
KW  - Fischer–Tropsch
KW  - Hydrocarbon synthesis
KW  - Nano catalysis
KW  - Slurry phase catalysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9188466; Mahajan, Devinder 1,2; Email Address: dmahajan@bnl.gov Gütlich, Philipp 3 Stumm, Ulrich 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA  3: Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz D-55099, Germany; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p101; Subject Term: IRON catalysts; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: FISCHER-Tropsch process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fischer–Tropsch; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrocarbon synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slurry phase catalysis; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1566-7367(03)00002-5
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edward A. Parson
AU  - Robert W. Corell
AU  - Eric J. Barron
AU  - Virg
T1  - Understanding Climatic Impacts, Vulnerabilities, and Adaptation in the United States: Building a Capacity for Assessment.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 42
SN  - 01650009
AB  - Based on the experience of the U.S. National Assessment, we propose a program of research and analysis to advance capability for assessment of climate impacts, vulnerabilities, and adaptation options. We identify specific priorities for scientific research on the responses of ecological and socioeconomic systems to climate and other stresses; for improvement in the climatic inputs to impact assessments; and for further development of assessment methods to improve their practical utility to decision-makers. Finally, we propose a new institutional model for assessment, based principally on regional efforts that integrate observations, research, data, applications, and assessment on climate and linked environmental-change issues. The proposed program will require effective collaboration between scientists, resource managers, and other stakeholders, all of whose expertise is needed to define and prioritize key regional issues, characterize relevant uncertainties, and assess potential responses. While both scientifically and organizationally challenging, such an integrated program holds the best promise of advancing our capacity to manage resources and the economy adaptively under a changing climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 20216502; Edward A. Parson 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 Robert W. Corell 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 Eric J. Barron 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 Virg 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12; Affiliation:  1: John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 79 JFK St, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. E-mail: ted_parson@harvard.edu , U.S.A.  2: American Meteorological Society, U.S.A.  3: Pennsylvania State University, U.S.A.  4: U.S.GS National Wetlands Research Center, U.S.A.  5: World Resources Institute, U.S.A.  6: U.S.DA Forest Service, U.S.A.  7: NOAA National Climatic Data Center, U.S.A.  8: U.S. Global Change Research Program and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, U.S.A.  9: Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, U.S.A.  10: Carnegie-Mellon University, U.S.A.  11: Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry and National Center for Atmospheric Research, U.S.A.  12: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 57 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. Reilly
AU  - F. Tubiello
T1  - U.S. Agriculture and Climate Change: New Results.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 67
SN  - 01650009
AB  - We examined the impacts on U.S. agriculture of transient climate change as simulated by 2 global general circulation models focusing on the decades of the 2030s and 2090s. We examined historical shifts in the location of crops and trends in the variability of U.S. average crop yields, finding that non-climatic forces have likely dominated the north and westward movement of crops and the trends in yield variability. For the simulated future climates we considered impacts on crops, grazing and pasture, livestock, pesticide use, irrigation water supply and demand, and the sensitivity to international trade assumptions, finding that the aggregate of these effects were positive for the U.S. consumer but negative, due to declining crop prices, for producers. We examined the effects of potential changes in El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and impacts on yield variability of changes in mean climate conditions. Increased losses occurred with ENSO intensity and frequency increases that could not be completely offset even if the events could be perfectly forecasted. Effects on yield variability of changes in mean temperatures were mixed. We also considered case study interactions of climate, agriculture, and the environment focusing on climate effects on nutrient loading to the Chesapeake Bay and groundwater depletion of the Edward's Aquifer that provides water for municipalities and agriculture to the San Antonio, Texas area. While only case studies, these results suggest environmental targets such as pumping limits and changes in farm practices to limit nutrient run-off would need to be tightened if current environmental goals were to be achieved under the climate scenarios we examined [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - AGRICULTURAL productivity
KW  - CROP yields
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 20216510; J. Reilly 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13 F. Tubiello 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13; Affiliation:  1: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., E40-269, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. E-mail: jreilly@mit.edu  2: Goddard Institute of Space Studies  3: Texas A&M University  4: Pennsylvania State University  5: U.S. Department of Agriculture  6: International Potato Center, Indonesia  7: Illinois State Water Survey  8: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory  9: University of Florida, Gainesville  10: National Center for Atmospheric Research  11: Colorado State University  12: Michigan State University  13: Cornell University; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 57 Issue 1/2, p43; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: AGRICULTURAL productivity; Subject Term: CROP yields; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margolis, Stephen B.
AU  - Telengator, Alexander M.
AU  - Williams, Forman A.
T1  - INFLUENCE OF SUBSURFACE GASEOUS COMBUSTION ON THE BURNING OF CONFINED POROUS ENERGETIC MATERIALS.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 175
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
EP  - 452
SN  - 00102202
AB  - The combustion of porous energetic materials under confinement is generally characterized by a relatively rapid increase in the flame-propagation speed as the pressure difference, or overpressure, between the burned gases in the product region and the unburned gases deep within the pores of the unburned solid increases. The structure of the deflagration wave during this transition from "conductive" to "convective" burning is likely to correspond to a previously identified intrusive regime associated with higher overpressures. In this intrusive limit, the distributed gas-phase reactions proceed in the vicinity of the solid/gas interface, where surface reactions representing sublimation and pyrolysis occur. In this merged-flame regime, gaseous combustion can then either be confined to the purely gas-phase region beyond the solid surface or, depending on a number of factors, can penetrate inside the unburned porous material. A large-activation-energy analysis of the latter scenario is presented in this work to investigate the effects of gas-phase reaction permeation on the structure and propagation speed of quasi-steady deflagrations in confined porous propellants. The results of the current study are compared to the corresponding results that are obtained when, in the same intrusive regime, the gas flame is assumed not to penetrate into the subsurface region. It is demonstrated that the burning rate derived in the current scenario exhibits a higher sensitivity to increasing overpressure, because the heat release from gas-phase reactions within the porous solid permits additional preheating of the material. porous energetic materials subsurface combustion overpressure convective burning [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Pressure
KW  - Pyrolysis
KW  - Materials
KW  - Flame
KW  - convective burning
KW  - overpressure
KW  - porous energetic materials
KW  - subsurface combustion
N1  - Accession Number: 15531290; Margolis, Stephen B. 1; Email Address: margoli@sandia.gov; Telengator, Alexander M. 2; Williams, Forman A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, USA; 2: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 175 Issue 3, p421; Thesaurus Term: Combustion; Thesaurus Term: Pressure; Thesaurus Term: Pyrolysis; Subject Term: Materials; Subject Term: Flame; Author-Supplied Keyword: convective burning; Author-Supplied Keyword: overpressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: porous energetic materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: subsurface combustion; Number of Pages: 32p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102200390123908
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breslau, J.A.
AU  - Jardin, S.C.
T1  - A parallel algorithm for global magnetic reconnection studies
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 151
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 00104655
AB  - A new algorithm is presented for the computation of two-dimensional magnetic reconnection in plasmas. Both resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and two-fluid models are considered. It has been implemented on several parallel platforms and shows good scalability up to 32 CPUs for reasonable problem sizes. A fixed, non-uniform rectangular mesh is used to resolve the different spatial scales in the reconnection problem. The resistive MHD version uses an implicit/explicit hybrid method, while the two-fluid version uses an alternating-direction implicit (ADI) method with high-order artificial dissipation. The technique has proven useful for comparing several different theories of collisional and collisionless reconnection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - Extended MHD
KW  - Magnetic reconnection
N1  - Accession Number: 8902620; Breslau, J.A.; Email Address: jbreslau@pppl.gov Jardin, S.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 151 Issue 1, p8; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extended MHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic reconnection; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newton, Marshall D.
T1  - Thermal and optical electron transfer involving transition metal complexes: insights from theory and computation
JO  - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
JF  - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 238/239
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00108545
AB  - Current theories of electron transfer (ET) kinetics in conjunction with techniques of computational quantum chemistry are reviewed and applied to the analysis of thermal and optical ET processes involving transition metal complexes (TMCs). The roles of geometrical and electronic structure in controlling the relevant energetics and electronic coupling are discussed, and a number of limiting cases of kinetic behavior are displayed. Particular attention is paid to the formulation of the initial and final states involved in the ET, including the consequences of near-degeneracy and spin–orbit coupling. The roles of metal/ligand mixing and other types of ‘mediation’ of donor/acceptor coupling by molecular spacers are noted and illustrated with calculated results. An example of a detailed computation of activation parameters is also presented, including entropic effects and nuclear tunnelling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Coordination Chemistry Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - Activation parameters
KW  - Electron transfer
KW  - Electronic Coupling Elements
KW  - Energy surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 9615483; Newton, Marshall D. 1; Email Address: newton@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 238/239, p167; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Activation parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic Coupling Elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy surfaces; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-8545(02)00253-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, J.R.
AU  - Eyssa, Y.M.
AU  - Sayre, S.D.
AU  - Luongo, C.A.
T1  - Analysis of observations during operation of the NHMFL 45-T hybrid magnet system
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3-5
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 00112275
AB  - The NHMFL hybrid magnet system, which was designed to produce steady field in excess of 45 T in a 32-mm, room-temperature bore, was first tested in December 1999. Since then, the system has served users of the NHMFL at the full design currents in both the superconducting outsert (10 kA) and the resistive insert (67 kA), reaching a combined field of 45.2 T. This magnet system combines both superconducting and resistive magnet technologies, which, whether taken together or separately, define new states of the art. Operating alone, the superconducting outsert has been charged repeatedly to 10 kA, corresponding to a maximum field of nearly 16 T at its 710-mm winding i.d. More recently, operation of the outsert has been limited to 8 kA as a consequence of degradation suffered during an “unprotected” quench, but insert upgrades and higher-current operation (up to 74 kA) have allowed the system to provide 45 T to users still. Because the system was designed from the outset as a facility rather than an experiment, there is a minimum of instrumentation––in fact there is none internal to the steel vessel housing the superconducting magnet. Therefore, projections of internal conditions in the superconducting magnet are deduced from detailed analysis of observations from coil voltage taps and various external temperature sensors and pressure transducers. We present these with comments regarding their value in future magnet design as well as an introduction for more complete analysis by complex computer codes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - Ac losses
KW  - Cable-in-conduit conductors
KW  - Calorimetry
KW  - HeII cooling
KW  - Superconducting magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 9544398; Miller, J.R. 1; Email Address: miller@magnet.fsu.edu Eyssa, Y.M. 1 Sayre, S.D. 1 Luongo, C.A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 43 Issue 3-5, p141; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ac losses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cable-in-conduit conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: HeII cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnets; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0011-2275(03)00031-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mao, Shaolin
AU  - Luongo, Cesar A.
AU  - Miller, John R.
T1  - Analysis of the NHMFL 45-T hybrid magnet thermal behavior
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3-5
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 00112275
AB  - The superconducting outsert of the NHMFL 45-T is cooled by static He II contained in cable-in-conduit conductors, which must be capable of extracting any internal heat (primarily from hysteresis losses) during a ramp from zero to full field. In the event that the ramping losses exceed the cooling capacity of the He II, the long cooling channels become partially or completely filled by He I and even the relatively weak heating of index losses can lead to slow thermal runaway and a delayed quench. A numerical analysis is presented using a one-dimensional model of heat transfer in a column of superfluid helium. The model considers each of the six layers in the innermost coil as independent channels, yet coupled through heat transfer across conduit and insulation. The computational results are compared with experimental data, showing good agreement with the observed quench behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - AC losses
KW  - Cable-in-conduit conductors
KW  - Index heating
KW  - Quench analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9544399; Mao, Shaolin 1,2 Luongo, Cesar A. 1,2; Email Address: luongo@magnet.fsu.edu Miller, John R. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 43 Issue 3-5, p153; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: AC losses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cable-in-conduit conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Index heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quench analysis; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0011-2275(03)00032-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trillaud, F.
AU  - Palanki, H.
AU  - Trociewitz, U.P.
AU  - Thompson, S.H.
AU  - Weijers, H.W.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - Normal zone propagation experiments on HTS composite conductors
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3-5
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 00112275
AB  - As high temperature superconductor magnet applications become a reality due to increases in conductor performance, it is important to understand the behavior of normal zones in conductors and magnets in order to design safe magnet systems. Here we study the effects of localized heat pulses in Ag-alloy sheathed Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox powder-in-tube conductors and Ni-alloy substrated YBa2Cu3Ox coated conductor tapes cooled by N2 gas. A heater was used to initiate a normal zone. The experimental setup to measure the energy required such that the normal zone propagates and the normal zone propagation velocity in the longitudinal direction is described. Results for both conductor architectures are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - HEAT engineering
KW  - Bi-2223/Ag
KW  - Local heat disturbance
KW  - Normal zone propagation velocity
KW  - Quench energy
KW  - Resistive heater
KW  - YBCO coated conductors
N1  - Accession Number: 9544411; Trillaud, F. 1 Palanki, H. 1,2 Trociewitz, U.P. 1 Thompson, S.H. 1 Weijers, H.W. 1 Schwartz, J. 1,2; Email Address: schwartz@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Florida A&M University––Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 43 Issue 3-5, p271; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: HEAT engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2223/Ag; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local heat disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Normal zone propagation velocity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quench energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistive heater; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO coated conductors; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0011-2275(03)00044-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9544411&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ivashchenko, V.I.
AU  - Turchi, Patrice E.A.
AU  - Shevchenko, V.I.
AU  - Ivashchenko, L.A.
AU  - Rusakov, G.V.
T1  - Tight-binding-molecular-dynamics investigation of the atomic and electronic structure properties of a-C, a-Si and a-SiC
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3-7
M3  - Article
SP  - 993
SN  - 09259635
AB  - Molecular dynamics simulations based on the sp3s* tight-binding force model is employed to calculate the atomic and electronic properties of amorphous tetrahedral silicon (a-Si), carbon (a-C), and silicon carbide (a-SiC). The two sets of the amorphous samples are generated from melts and dilute vapors. The vapor-based samples of 128 atoms are less topologically ordered than the 64-atom samples obtained from the melts. The procedure is used to investigate the electronic distribution in the band gap region. The changes in the density of states caused by a presence of coordination defects, strongly distorted tetrahedral species (and homo-polar bonds in the case of a-SiC) are examined. The computed characteristics were found to be in rather good agreement with the results from ab initio pseudo-potential calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Amorphous alloys
KW  - Defect characterization
KW  - Electronic states
KW  - Tetrahedral amorphous carbon
N1  - Accession Number: 9657406; Ivashchenko, V.I. 1; Email Address: ivash@stcu551.kiev.ua Turchi, Patrice E.A. 2 Shevchenko, V.I. 1 Ivashchenko, L.A. 1 Rusakov, G.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Problems of Material Science, NAS of Ukraine, Laboratory 61, Krzhyzhanovsky Street 3, 03680 Kyiv 142, Ukraine  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (L-353), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3-7, p993; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetrahedral amorphous carbon; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-9635(02)00271-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jun, Sang-Gyung
AU  - Marathe, Achla
AU  - Shawky, Hany A.
T1  - Liquidity and stock returns in emerging equity markets
JO  - Emerging Markets Review
JF  - Emerging Markets Review
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 15660141
AB  - Using data for 27 emerging equity markets for the period January 1992 through December 1999, we document the behavior of liquidity in emerging markets. We find that stock returns in emerging countries are positively correlated with aggregate market liquidity as measured by turnover ratio, trading value and the turnover–volatility multiple. The results hold in both cross-sectional and time-series analyses, and are quite robust even after we control for world market beta, market capitalization and price-to-book ratio. The positive correlation between stock returns and market liquidity in a time-series analysis is consistent with the findings in developed markets. However, the positive correlation in a cross-sectional analysis appears to be at odds with market microstructure theory that has been empirically supported by studies on developed markets. Our findings regarding the cross-sectional relation between stock returns and liquidity is consistent with the view that emerging equity markets have a lower degree of integration with the global economy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Emerging Markets Review is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUIDITY (Economics)
KW  - STOCK exchanges
KW  - MARKETS
KW  - PRICE-book ratio
KW  - Emerging markets
KW  - Market liquidity
KW  - Stock market returns
KW  - Turnover ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 9188446; Jun, Sang-Gyung 1; Email Address: sjun@hanyang.ac.kr Marathe, Achla 2; Email Address: achla@lanl.gov Shawky, Hany A. 3; Email Address: h.shawky@albany.edu; Affiliation:  1: School of Business, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: School of Business, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: LIQUIDITY (Economics); Subject Term: STOCK exchanges; Subject Term: MARKETS; Subject Term: PRICE-book ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emerging markets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Market liquidity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stock market returns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turnover ratio; NAICS/Industry Codes: 522320 Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 522321 Central credit unions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523210 Securities and Commodity Exchanges; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1566-0141(02)00060-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinez, M.
AU  - Miquel, R.
T1  - Multi-parameter fits to the tt̄ threshold observables at a future e+e- linear collider.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 55
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - A realistic study of the physics reach of a t&tmacr; threshold scan at a future e+e- linear collider is presented. The results obtained take into account experimental and, to a large extent, theoretical systematic errors, as well as beam effects. Because of the large correlations between the physical parameters that can be extracted from the threshold scan, a multi-parameter fit is seen as mandatory. It is shown that the top mass, the top width and αs (MZ) can be extracted simultaneously with uncertainties around 20 MeV, 30 MeV and 0.0012, respectively, while the top Yukawa coupling can be measured, with the previous three parameters, to an uncertainty of about 35%, after assuming an external prior on αs of ±0.001. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR colliders
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 15142395; Martinez, M. 1 Miquel, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut de FIsica, d'Altes Energies, Univ. Aut. de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physics Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: LINEAR colliders; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2002-01094-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hart, William E.
T1  - Locally-Adaptive and Memetic Evolutionary Pattern Search Algorithms.
JO  - Evolutionary Computation
JF  - Evolutionary Computation
Y1  - 2003///Spring2003
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 51
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10636560
AB  - Recent convergence analyses of evolutionary pattern search algorithms (EPSAs) have shown that these methods have a weak stationary point convergence theory for a broad class of unconstrained and linearly constrained problems. This paper describes how the convergence theory for EPSAs can be adapted to allow each individual in a population to have its own mutation step length (similar to the design of evolutionary programing and evolution strategies algorithms). These are called locally-adaptive EPSAs (LA-EPSAs) since each individual's mutation step length is independently adapted in different local neighborhoods. The paper also describes a variety of standard formulations of evolutionary algorithms that can be used for LA-EPSAs. Further, it is shown how this convergence theory can be applied to memetic EPSAs, which use local search to refine points within each iteration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Evolutionary Computation is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - MUTATIONS (Algebra)
KW  - ADAPTATION
KW  - Constraints
KW  - CONVERGENCE
KW  - Local search
KW  - Memetic algorithms
N1  - Accession Number: 9624784; Hart, William E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110; Source Info: Spring2003, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: MUTATIONS (Algebra); Author-Supplied Keyword: ADAPTATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Constraints; Author-Supplied Keyword: CONVERGENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local search; Author-Supplied Keyword: Memetic algorithms; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/106365603321828998
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becker, Udo
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
T1  - Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
SN  - 00167037
N1  - Accession Number: 9097176; Becker, Udo 1 Rosso, Kevin M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA  2: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p797; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01198-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elsetinow, Alicia R.
AU  - Strongin, Daniel R.
AU  - Borda, Michael J.
AU  - Schoonen, Martin A.
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
T1  - Characterization of the structure and the surface reactivity of a marcasite thin film
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 807
SN  - 00167037
AB  - A thin film of marcasite, FeS2, was synthesized under vacuum and its structure and reactivity under oxidizing conditions was investigated by means of diffraction and surface analytical techniques, respectively. Synthesis of the film was carried out by codepositing Fe and S2 onto a Ta support. The thickness of the film could be varied from approximately 10 A˚ to 1 μm. High-resolution S 2p synchrotron-based photoemission showed S22−, with undetectable amounts of S2− impurity that is typically present on natural sample surfaces. X-ray diffraction of the micron-thick films showed that the film crystallized in the marcasite phase of FeS2. Atomic force microscopy indicated that the thin film had a nanometer-scale roughness suggesting the film contained defects such as steps and kinks. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies found the thin marcasite film to be more reactive than natural pyrite (the most ubiquitous FeS2 dimorph) after exposure to a gaseous O2/H2O environment on the basis of the amount of sulfate formation. Likely the oxidation of marcasite was dominated by its short-range order (e.g., presence of steps), because the density of nonstoichiometric defect sites (e.g., S2−) was low as assessed by photoelectron spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARCASITE
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 9097181; Elsetinow, Alicia R. 1 Strongin, Daniel R. 1 Borda, Michael J. 2; Email Address: dstrongi@nimbus.ocis.temple.edu Schoonen, Martin A. 2 Rosso, Kevin M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA  2: Geosciences Department, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11780, USA  3: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p807; Subject Term: MARCASITE; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00923-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becker, Udo
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Weaver, Robert
AU  - Warren, Michele
AU  - Hochella Jr., Michael F.
T1  - Metal island growth and dynamics on molybdenite surfaces
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 923
SN  - 00167037
AB  - In order to understand the adsorption mechanism of metal atoms to semiconducting surfaces, we have studied, as a model system, the vapor phase adsorption of Ag, Au, and Cu on the (001) surface of molybdenite (MoS2) and the subsequent surface diffusion of these adsorbates. Our scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images show that, depending on the type of metal atom that is adsorbed, islands of a characteristic size (2 nm for Ag, 8 to 10 nm for Cu, two distinct sizes of 2 nm and 8 to 10 nm for Au), shape (well rounded in the lateral extension) and thickness (one monolayer for Ag, 1 to 1.5 nm for Cu) are formed during the initial stages of deposition. Whole islands are observed to surface diffuse without loss of size or shape. Despite the relatively large size of the copper islands on molybdenite, these islands surface diffuse extensively, suggesting that the Cu-S interaction is weak. Surface diffusion is only hindered once individual islands start to coalesce. As copper islands accumulate, the size and shape of the original islands can still be recognized, supporting the conclusion that these characteristics are constant and that monolayer growth occurs by the aggregation of islands across the surface.The strength and the nature of the Ag-S(MoS2) bond were further investigated by using molecular orbital calculations, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). By applying quantum mechanical approaches using a two-dimensional periodic molybdenite slab and hexagonal MoS2 clusters of different sizes with metal atoms adsorbed to them, it is possible to calculate the electron transfer between the mineral surface and the metal atom as well as the adsorption energy as a function of surface coverage. In addition, we used the results from the quantum mechanical runs to derive empirical potentials that model the characteristics of the forces within the crystal, within the adsorbed islands, and the metal and mineral surface. The combination of quantum mechanical calculations and empirical force field calculations explain the electronic structure and the highest stability of Ag islands that have seven atoms in diameter, which exactly agrees with the size of experimentally observed islands. UPS results also suggest that a specific new state is formed (approximately 4.5 eV into the valence band) which may describe the Ag-S bond because it does not occur in pure silver or molybdenite.This study shows how the combination of microscopic (STM), spectroscopic (STS, UPS), compositional (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS) and molecular modeling (quantum mechanical and empirical) techniques is a useful approach to understand the nature of the metal to sulfide bond. Further insights may be gained concerning the natural association of certain metals with sulfides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ADSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 9097174; Becker, Udo 1; Email Address: ubecker@umich.edu Rosso, Kevin M. 2 Weaver, Robert 3 Warren, Michele 4 Hochella Jr., Michael F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, 2534 C.C. Little, 425 East University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063, USA  2: W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 4044 Derring Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  4: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p923; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01144-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Becker, Udo
T1  - Proximity effects on semiconducting mineral surfaces II: : Distance dependence of indirect interactions
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 941
SN  - 00167037
AB  - In a previous study, we described proximity effects on surfaces of the semiconducting minerals galena and pyrite, whereby a chemical reaction at one surface site modifies the reactivity of a remote surface site several A˚ngstroms or even nanometers away . The modification of interest does not arise because of a direct “through space” interaction between the two sites, but rather an indirect interaction via the electronic structure of the substrate. Here we investigate the distance and direction dependence of proximity effects using quantum mechanical modeling. The direct and indirect interactions between co-adsorbed oxygen atoms and between adsorbed oxygen atoms and point defects on vacuum-terminated galena (100) surfaces were modeled. Density functional theory cluster and plane wave pseudopotential calculations were used to calculate the modifications to the adsorption energy as a function of separation. Energy-distance plots indicate that the proximity effect energy can become very strong at separations decreasing below about 5 to 6 A˚, and persist at increasing separations up to 12 A˚ in a slowly decaying form. A strong attractive indirect interaction out-competes direct electrostatic repulsion for O-vacancy interactions. An oscillatory asymptotic behavior is found for co-adsorbed O-O indirect interactions, which indicates that the proximity effect energy can vary with surface crystallographic direction. It implies the presence of a strong organizing force on like adatoms that may explain the progressive oxidation of certain sulfide minerals by patchwork growth. These findings begin to pave the way for improved adsorption isotherms and extended surface complexation models that will include the specific influence of semiconductor-type proximity effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 9097168; Rosso, Kevin M. 1; Email Address: kevin.rosso@pnl.gov Becker, Udo 2; Affiliation:  1: W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, 2534 C.C. Little, 425 East University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063 USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p941; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00990-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eggleston, Carrick M.
AU  - Stack, Andrew G.
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Higgins, Steven R.
AU  - Bice, Angela M.
AU  - Boese, Steven W.
AU  - Pribyl, Richard D.
AU  - Nichols, Jeremy J.
T1  - The structure of hematite (α-Fe2O3) (001) surfaces in aqueous media: scanning tunneling microscopy and resonant tunneling calculations of coexisting O and Fe terminations
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 985
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The iron oxide–water interface is of interest not only in geochemical and environmental processes, but also in fields ranging from corrosion to photocatalysis. The structure of α-Fe2O3 (001) surfaces is not fully understood, and questions have arisen recently concerning different terminations of (001) terraces; a so-called Fe-termination is expected, but under some conditions an O-termination may also be possible. Ultra-high vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscope (STM) studies report evidence for an O-termination in coexistence with an Fe-termination, but other studies find no evidence for an O-termination. Molecular mechanics studies suggest that an O-termination should be possible in an aqueous environment. An O-termination could result from dissolution; if Fe atoms were to dissolve from an Fe-termination, an O-termination would presumably result (and vice-versa). We imaged hematite (001) surfaces in air and aqueous solution using STM. To aid interpretation of the images, we use a resonant tunneling model (RTM) parameterized using ab initio calculations.Our STM and RTM results are consistent with mixed O- and Fe-terminated (001) surfaces. For acid-etched surfaces we find evidence for a periodic (with wavelength of 2.2 ± 0.2 nm) arrangement of nominal O- and Fe-terminated domains. Two different borders between domains should occur, one in which the Fe-termination is high relative to the O-termination, and the reverse. The different domain borders have significantly different heights, consistent with RTM calculations. This agreement allows us to conclude that the Fe-termination is topographically high on most terraces. Surface domains are observed in aqueous solutions at the atomic scale, and appear to be very unreactive on tens-of-seconds time scales at pH 1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEMATITE
KW  - PHOTOCATALYSIS
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 9097177; Eggleston, Carrick M. 1; Email Address: carrick@uwyo.edu Stack, Andrew G. 1 Rosso, Kevin M. 2 Higgins, Steven R. 1 Bice, Angela M. 1 Boese, Steven W. 1 Pribyl, Richard D. 1 Nichols, Jeremy J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071-3006, USA  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p985; Subject Term: HEMATITE; Subject Term: PHOTOCATALYSIS; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01200-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rustad, James R.
AU  - Felmy, Andrew R.
AU  - Bylaska, Eric J.
T1  - Molecular simulation of the magnetite-water interface
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1001
SN  - 00167037
AB  - This paper reports molecular dynamics simulations of the magnetite (001)-water interface, both in pure water and in the presence of a 2.3 molal solution of NaClO4. The simulations are carried out using a potential model designed to allow the protonation states of the surface functional groups to evolve dynamically through the molecular dynamics trajectory. The primary structural quantities investigated are the populations of the surface functional groups, the distribution of electrolyte in the solution, and the surface hydrogen bonding relationships. The surface protonation states are dominated by extensive hydrolysis of interfacial water molecules, giving rise to a dipolar surface dominated by FeOH2+-OH2-OH− arrangements. Triply coordinated, more deeply buried, surface sites are inert, probably due to the relative lack of solvent in their vicinity. The electrolyte distribution is oscillatory, arranging preferentially in layers defined by the solvating water molecules. The presence of electrolyte has a negligible effect on the protonation states of the surface functional groups. Steady-state behavior is obtained for the protonation states of the surface functional groups and hydrogen-bonding network. Although the overall structure of the electrolyte distribution is fairly well established, the electrolyte distribution has not fully equilibrated, as evidenced by the asymmetry in the distribution from the top to the bottom of the slab. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MAGNETITE
KW  - PROTON transfer reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 9097187; Rustad, James R. 1; Email Address: jim.rustad@pnl.gov Felmy, Andrew R. 1 Bylaska, Eric J. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, MS K8-96, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p1001; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MAGNETITE; Subject Term: PROTON transfer reactions; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00900-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waychunas, G.A.
AU  - Fuller, C.C.
AU  - Davis, J.A.
AU  - Rehr, J.J.
T1  - Surface complexation and precipitate geometry for aqueous Zn(II) sorption on ferrihydrite: II. XANES analysis and simulation
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1031
SN  - 00167037
AB  - X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis of sorption complexes has the advantages of high sensitivity (10- to 20-fold greater than extended X-ray absorption fine structure [EXAFS] analysis) and relative ease and speed of data collection (because of the short k-space range). It is thus a potentially powerful tool for characterization of environmentally significant surface complexes and precipitates at very low surface coverages. However, quantitative analysis has been limited largely to “fingerprint” comparison with model spectra because of the difficulty of obtaining accurate multiple-scattering amplitudes for small clusters with high confidence.In the present work, calculations of the XANES for 50- to 200-atom clusters of structure from Zn model compounds using the full multiple-scattering code Feff 8.0 accurately replicate experimental spectra and display features characteristic of specific first-neighbor anion coordination geometry and second-neighbor cation geometry and number. Analogous calculations of the XANES for small molecular clusters indicative of precipitation and sorption geometries for aqueous Zn on ferrihydrite, and suggested by EXAFS analysis, are in good agreement with observed spectral trends with sample composition, with Zn-oxygen coordination and with changes in second-neighbor cation coordination as a function of sorption coverage. Empirical analysis of experimental XANES features further verifies the validity of the calculations. The findings agree well with a complete EXAFS analysis previously reported for the same sample set, namely, that octahedrally coordinated aqueous Zn2+ species sorb as a tetrahedral complex on ferrihydrite with varying local geometry depending on sorption density. At significantly higher densities but below those at which Zn hydroxide is expected to precipitate, a mainly octahedral coordinated Zn2+ precipitate is observed. An analysis of the multiple scattering paths contributing to the XANES demonstrates the importance of scattering paths involving the anion sublattice. We also describe the specific advantages of complementary quantitative XANES and EXAFS analysis and estimate limits on the extent of structural information obtainable from XANES analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 9097179; Waychunas, G.A. 1 Fuller, C.C. 2; Email Address: gawaychunas@lbl.gov Davis, J.A. 2 Rehr, J.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Geochemistry Department, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p1031; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01280-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, Michael A.
T1  - Surface stabilization of organics on hematite by conversion from terminal to bridging adsorption structures
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1055
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Insight into the complexation of organic molecules on hematite surfaces was obtained from molecular-level studies of a simple probe molecule (methanol) with the R-cut surface of hematite. The R-cut crystal orientation of hematite, designated in this paper as α-Fe2O3(012), has two stable surface structures under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions based on low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) measurements. These are a (1×1) structure consisting of a bulk terminated arrangement of undercoordinated Fe3+ and O2− surface sites and a (2×1) reconstructed structure with unknown atomic structure. Whereas the (1×1) surface is essentially free of Fe2+, the (2×1) surface possesses a high surface concentration of Fe2+ sites based on electronic structure measurements using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Methanol adsorbs dissociatively on the (1×1) surface by coordination of the molecule’s oxygen atom at a Fe3+ site followed by transfer of the alcohol proton to a bridging O2− surface site, resulting in terminal OCH3 and bridging OH groups. Most of the dissociated methanol molecules recombine during heating and desorb in vacuum as methanol at 365 and 415 K for the (1×1) and (2×1) surfaces, respectively. However, a significant amount of the terminal OCH3 and bridging OH groups interchange as the surface is heated above room temperature (RT), resulting in bridging OCH3 and terminal OH groups. The bridging OCH3 groups are retained on the surface to higher temperature than the terminal OCH3 groups, but eventually decompose at about 550 K via a disproportionation reaction that forms gaseous CH3OH and H2CO. As a result of the disproportionation reaction, some surface Fe3+ sites are reduced to Fe2+ sites. The exchange process competes more successfully with recombinative desorption of methanol (from reaction of terminal OCH3 and bridging OH groups) on the (2×1) surface, despite the fact that this surface is already partially reduced, because terminal OCH3 groups are more stable on this surface than on the (1×1) surface. Based on these molecular-level findings, extensive exchange terminal organic ligands and bridging OH groups may play a significant role in stabilizing organics on hematite mineral surfaces. Such exchange processes may also play a role in destabilizing hematite surfaces toward reductive dissolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEMATITE
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - METHANOL
N1  - Accession Number: 9097166; Henderson, Michael A. 1; Email Address: ma.henderson@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p1055; Subject Term: HEMATITE; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: METHANOL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00884-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Fredrickson, Jim K.
AU  - Gorby, Yuri A.
AU  - Smith, Steven C.
T1  - Nonlocal bacterial electron transfer to hematite surfaces
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1081
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Mechanisms by which dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria utilize iron and manganese oxide minerals as terminal electron acceptors for respiration are poorly understood. In the absence of exogenous electron shuttle compounds, extracellular electron transfer is generally thought to occur through the interfacial contact area between mineral surfaces and attached cells. Possible alternative reduction pathways have been proposed based on the discovery of a link between an excreted quinone and dissimilatory reduction. In this study, we utilize a novel experimental approach to demonstrate that Shewanella putrefaciens reduces the surface of crystalline iron oxides at spatial locations that are distinct from points of attachment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - MANGANESE oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 9097190; Rosso, Kevin M. 1; Email Address: kevin.rosso@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Fredrickson, Jim K. 1 Gorby, Yuri A. 1 Smith, Steven C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p1081; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: MANGANESE oxides; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00904-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Honda, F.
AU  - Alsmadi, A.M.
AU  - Sechovsky, V.
AU  - Kamarád, J.
AU  - Nakotte, H.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
AU  - Mihálik, M.
T1  - EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON THE ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY AND MAGNETISM IN UPdSn.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2003/03//Mar-Jun2003
VL  - 23
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - The electrical resistivity of a UPdSn single crystal exerted to various hydrostatic pressures was measured as a function of temperature and magnetic field. Clear anomalies in the temperature dependence of resistivity along the c -axis mark the magnetic phase transitions between paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic (AF) state at T N and the AF1↔AF2 transition at T 1 . Large negative magnetoresistance effects have been observed not only in the AF state as a result of the metamagnetic transition to canted structure at B c , but also at temperatures far above T N . The latter result is attributed to the existence of AF correlations or short range AF orderings in the paramagnetic range. The value of T N increases with increasing applied pressure, whereas T 1 simultaneously decreases. It is also found that B c decreases with increasing pressure. As a consequence, the stability range of the AF-1 phase expands with applied pressure partially on account of the ground-state AF-2 phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - Electrical resistivity
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Single crystal
KW  - UPdSn
N1  - Accession Number: 10726572; Honda, F. 1; Email Address: honda@apollo.karlov.mff.cuni.cz Alsmadi, A.M. 2 Sechovsky, V. 1 Kamarád, J. 3 Nakotte, H. 2 Lacerda, A.H. 4 Mihálik, M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electronic Structures, Charles University, The Czech Republic  2: New Mexico State University  3: Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences CR, The Czech Republic  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, LANL, Los Alamos  5: Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia; Source Info: Mar-Jun2003, Vol. 23 Issue 1/2, p177; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical resistivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: UPdSn; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeong-Suong Yang, M.
AU  - Seung-Hyun Kim
AU  - Jung-Hoon Yeom, M.
AU  - Chang-Young Koo, M.
AU  - Cheol Seong Hwang
AU  - Euijoon Yoon
AU  - Dong-Joo Kim
AU  - Jowoong Ha, M.
T1  - Piezoelectric and Pyroelectric Properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 Films for Micro-Sensors and Actuators.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 525
SN  - 10584587
AB  - The piezoelectric and the pyroelectric properties of PZT films are systematically investigated for tetragonal (Zr/Ti = 30/70), morphotropic (52/48), and rhombohedral (70/30) compositions. The magnitude of the effective longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 ) and pyroelectric coefficient (p) of these films is measured by atomic force microscopy and Byer-Roundy method, respectively. All films are consistently highly textured (111) orientation and have dense microstructures. Slightly less degree of texture in higher Zr-rich composition is observed due to the lattice mismatch between PZT and Pt bottom electrode and higher activation energy for nucleation. Squareness of polarization hysteresis loops is optimized in tetragonal composition, which indicates the tetragonal PZT is closer to the ideal hysteresis behavior than other compositions. It is shown that the piezoelectric coefficient and the pyroelectric figure of merit are dependent on the dielectric properties of the films. The morphotropic PZT films with high dielectric constant and low pyroelectric figure of merit show the largest piezoelectric coefficient values, while the tetragonal PZT films with low dielectric constant and high remanent polarization values show the largest pyroelectric figure of merit compared to other compositions, which indicate the suitability for PIR sensor devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILMSTRIPS
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - PYROELECTRIC detectors
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - chemical solution deposition
KW  - composition
KW  - Piezoelectric
KW  - pyroelectric
KW  - PZT
N1  - Accession Number: 11794700; Jeong-Suong Yang, M. 1 Seung-Hyun Kim 1; Email Address: shkim@inostek.com Jung-Hoon Yeom, M. 1 Chang-Young Koo, M. 1 Cheol Seong Hwang 2 Euijoon Yoon 2 Dong-Joo Kim 3 Jowoong Ha, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: INOSTEK Inc., 356-1 Gasan, Keumchun, Seoul 153-802, Korea..  2: School of Mat. Sci. and Eng., Seoul National University Korea.  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p515; Subject Term: FILMSTRIPS; Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Subject Term: PYROELECTRIC detectors; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical solution deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Piezoelectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: pyroelectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: PZT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10584580390265121
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bahr, D.F.
AU  - Woodcock, C.L.
AU  - Pang, M.
AU  - Weaver, K.D.
AU  - Moody, N.R.
T1  - Indentation induced film fracture in hard film – soft substrate systems.
JO  - International Journal of Fracture
JF  - International Journal of Fracture
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 119
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 349
SN  - 03769429
AB  - Nanoindentations were made into oxide films on aluminum and titanium substrates for two cases; one where the metal was a bulk (effectively single crystal) material and the other where the metal was a 1 μm thick film grown on a silica or silicon substrate. In both cases indentation was used to produce discontinuous loading curves, which indicate film fracture after plastic deformation of the metal. The oxides on bulk metals fractures occurred at reproducible loads, and the tensile stresses in the films at fracture were approximately 10 and 15 GPa for the aluminum and titanium oxides, respectively. Fine grained films only exhibited discontinuous loading under cyclic indentations, and demonstrated decreased load at catastrophic film fracture as the amplitude of cycling was decreased. A hypothesis regarding film fracture in these film systems is presented based on plastic deformation in the substrate and the superposition of the load carried by the elastic stretching of the film and the plastic deformation of the substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fracture is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 15198339; Bahr, D.F. 1 Woodcock, C.L. 1 Pang, M. 1 Weaver, K.D. 1 Moody, N.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman WA, U.S.A.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 119 Issue 4, p339; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTICITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haibo Huang
AU  - Yu, Denis Y.W.
AU  - Verdier, Marc
AU  - Spaepen, Frans
T1  - Flow and fracture of free-standing Ag and Cu thin films and Ag/Cu multilayers.
JO  - International Journal of Fracture
JF  - International Journal of Fracture
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 119
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
EP  - 364
SN  - 03769429
AB  - Free-standing polycrystalline films of Ag, Cu and Ag/Cu multilayers were tested in tension using an optical diffraction grating for the measurement of the strain. The yield stress and the rate of work hardening both increase strongly with decreasing layer thickness. These effects combine to raise the stress for ductile fracture up to 700 MPa and to lower the maximum plastic strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fracture is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - COPPER
KW  - GOLD
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - DUCTILITY
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Ductile fracture
KW  - fracture stress
KW  - Hall-Petch
KW  - multilayers
KW  - thin films multilayers
KW  - work hardening
KW  - yield stress
KW  - yield stress.
N1  - Accession Number: 15198349; Haibo Huang 1 Yu, Denis Y.W. 1 Verdier, Marc 2 Spaepen, Frans 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, CMS, Mail Stop K765, Los Alamos, NM 87544, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 119 Issue 4, p359; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: DUCTILITY; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductile fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hall-Petch; Author-Supplied Keyword: multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin films multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: work hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: yield stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: yield stress.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, J.C.
AU  - Bennison, S.J.
AU  - Klein, P.A.
AU  - Foulk, J.W.
AU  - Jagota, A.
AU  - Saigal, S.
T1  - Co-planar crack interaction in cleaved mica.
JO  - International Journal of Fracture
JF  - International Journal of Fracture
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 119
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
EP  - 386
SN  - 03769429
AB  - We have performed a combined experimental and analytical study of cleavage in mica using a double cantilever beam geometry in which a crack induced by a wedge driven into one side of the specimen interacts with a pre-existing, coplanar, internal crack. The internal crack is produced by inserting a fiber into the sample on the cleavage plane. As the wedge-driven crack approaches the internal crack, its growth is retarded by the defect, producing an increase in the apparent fracture resistance. With continued loading, the two cracks coalesce. The experiment has been analyzed using a cohesive zone approach to represent the interlayer adhesion in mica. Analysis of the various stages of the experiment reveal scaling dependencies of the different cohesive zone parameters. The coalescence event has been found to depend on parameters other than the fracture resistance of the interface, making it useful for determining additional parameters in the cohesive description, such as the characteristic opening to failure or the cohesive stress. Analysis of the coalescence event is reproduced with finite element calculations. The interaction experiment allows multiple parameters to be determined in a single experiment using a single sample. In our experiments, we observe an increase in the apparent fracture resistance without introducing additional mechanisms for dissipation. Our results reveal the nature of this pinning mechanism and its strength in terms of cohesive fracture parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fracture is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICA
KW  - SILICATE minerals
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - ADHESION
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - Cohesive zone model
KW  - crack pinning
KW  - fracture
KW  - instability
KW  - mica
KW  - mica.
N1  - Accession Number: 15198348; Hill, J.C. 1 Bennison, S.J. 2 Klein, P.A. 3 Foulk, J.W. 3 Jagota, A. 2 Saigal, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil & Enviromental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, U.S.A.  2: CR&D, Experimental Station, The DuPont Company, Wilmington, DE 19880-0365, U.S.A.  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 119 Issue 4, p365; Subject Term: MICA; Subject Term: SILICATE minerals; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: ADHESION; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cohesive zone model; Author-Supplied Keyword: crack pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: mica; Author-Supplied Keyword: mica.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moody, N.R.
AU  - Adams, D.P.
AU  - Medlin, D.
AU  - Headley, T.
AU  - Yang, N.
AU  - Volinsky, A.
T1  - Effects of diffusion on interfacial fracture of gold-chromium hybrid microcircuit films.
JO  - International Journal of Fracture
JF  - International Journal of Fracture
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 119
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 407
EP  - 419
SN  - 03769429
AB  - In this study, the effects of diffusion on gold-chromium film durability was determined from interfacial fracture energy measurements on laboratory samples aged to simulate long term service. The samples were prepared by sputter deposition of gold films and chromium adhesive layers on sapphire substrates. Some films were left in the as-deposited condition while others were given an accelerated age to drive the chromium off the interface and into the gold film. Stressed overlayers and nanoindentation were then used to induce interfacial delamination and blister formation from which interfacial fracture energies were determined using mechanics-based models. These tests showed that the fracture energies for interfacial failure of the as-deposited and annealed films occurred near 1.3 J m-2 even when diffusion had driven all chromium into solution. These results clearly demonstrate that chromium in solution is as effective in promoting adhesion as continuous chromium adhesive layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fracture is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - GOLD films
KW  - ADHESIVES
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - Gold films
KW  - gold-chromium films
KW  - interfacial fracture
KW  - nanoindentation
KW  - stressed overlayers
KW  - stressed overlayers.
N1  - Accession Number: 15198346; Moody, N.R. 1; Email Address: nrmoody@sandia.gov Adams, D.P. 2 Medlin, D. 1 Headley, T. 2 Yang, N. 1 Volinsky, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, U.S.A.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0959, U.S.A.  3: Motorola, Mesa, AZ 85202, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 119 Issue 4, p407; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: GOLD films; Subject Term: ADHESIVES; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold films; Author-Supplied Keyword: gold-chromium films; Author-Supplied Keyword: interfacial fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: stressed overlayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: stressed overlayers.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325520 Adhesive Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Jay D.
AU  - Nyhan, John W.
AU  - R. Yool, Stephen
T1  - Modeling potential erosion due to the Cerro Grande Fire with a GIS-based implementation of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation.
JO  - International Journal of Wildland Fire
JF  - International Journal of Wildland Fire
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 100
SN  - 10498001
AB  - Erosional processes directly influenced by wildland fire include reduction or elimination of above- ground biomass, reduction of soil organic matter, and hydrophobicity. High fuel loads promoted by decades of fire suppression in the U.S. increase the duration and intensity of burning, amplifying these effects. The Cerro Grande fire (6–31 May 2000) consumed approximately 15 000 hectares around and within the town of Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA. Private and public infrastructure including Los Alamos National Laboratory are at continuing risk due to increased threats of upstream erosion. We use a geographic information system (GIS) based implementation of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to model pre- and post-fire soil loss conditions and aid erosion risk analysis. Pre- and post-fire vegetation cover data layers were generated from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) data. Based upon annual average rainfall amounts we estimate that subwatershed average pre-fire erosion rates range from 0.45 to 9.22 tonnes ha –1 yr –1 while post-fire erosion rates before watershed treatments range from 1.72 to 113.26 tonnes ha –1 yr –1. Rates are approximately 3.7 times larger for 50 year return interval rainfall amounts. It is estimated that watershed treatments including reseeding will decrease soil loss between 0.34 and 25.98% in the first year on treated subwatersheds. Immediately after the fire an interagency Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation (BAER) team produced initial estimates of soil erosion. Our estimates of average erosion rates by subwatershed were in general larger than those initial estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Wildland Fire is the property of CSIRO Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil erosion
KW  - Wildfires
KW  - Forest fires
KW  - Fire prevention
N1  - Accession Number: 23904660; Miller, Jay D. 1; Nyhan, John W. 2; R. Yool, Stephen 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geography and Regional Development, The University of Arizona, Harvill Bldg., Box #2, Tucson, AZ 85721–0076, USA. Corresponding author. Telephone: +1 520 621 1842; email: jdmiller@email.arizona.edu; 2: Ecology Group ESH–20, TA–21 Bldg 210 MS M–887, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; 3: Department of Geography and Regional Development, The University of Arizona, Harvill Bldg., Box #2, Tucson, AZ 85721–0076, USA.; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p85; Thesaurus Term: Soil erosion; Thesaurus Term: Wildfires; Thesaurus Term: Forest fires; Thesaurus Term: Fire prevention; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rard, Joseph A.
AU  - Wijesinghe, Ananda M.
T1  - Conversion of parameters between different variants of Pitzer’s ion-interaction model, both with and without ionic strength dependent higher-order terms
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
SN  - 00219614
AB  - In this article we present a method for converting the parameters between different variants of Pitzer’s ion-interaction model for electrolyte solutions. The original version of Pitzer’s ion-interaction model contains an ionic-strength dependent virial coefficient for two-ion interactions, but the virial coefficient for three-ion interactions is set to an empirically determined constant value. Extended versions of the ion-interaction model are now in common use, where the virial coefficient for three-ion interactions is also allowed to depend on the ionic strength, and terms for higher-order interactions may also be included. These extended ion-interaction equations may have one or more additional ionic-strength dependent terms, and are particularly useful for representing the thermodynamic activity values of highly soluble electrolytes. However, the parameters of the original Pitzer model are often needed to supplement existing databases based on this model. Analytical equations presented here allow the parameters of these extended ion-interaction models to be directly transformed to the parameters of the original Pitzer model. The parameters of the original Pitzer model derived by this approach are compared against parameter values obtained by directly fitting the parameters to values of the osmotic coefficients calculated using the equations and parameters of the extended Pitzer models, with excellent agreement. This approach is demonstrated by application to <f>Rb2SO4</f>(aq), <f>Cs2SO4</f>(aq), <f>NaNO3</f>(aq), and <f>Ca(NO3)2</f>(aq). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTE solutions
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Aqueous electrolytes
KW  - Caesium sulphate
KW  - Calcium nitrate
KW  - Ion-interaction model
KW  - Pitzer’s model
KW  - Rubidium sulphate
KW  - Sodium nitrate
N1  - Accession Number: 9194008; Rard, Joseph A.; Email Address: rard1@llnl.gov Wijesinghe, Ananda M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p439; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTE solutions; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Caesium sulphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium nitrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-interaction model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pitzer’s model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubidium sulphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium nitrate; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9614(02)00377-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shestakov, A.I.
AU  - Cohen, R.H.
AU  - Crotinger, J.A.
AU  - LoDestro, L.L.
AU  - Tarditi, A.
AU  - Xu, X.Q.
T1  - Self-consistent modeling of turbulence and transport
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 185
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We describe an efficient procedure for coupling a turbulent system to a transport equation which evolves the equilibrium fields that drive and are driven by the turbulence. As an example, we apply the procedure to the coupling of turbulence simulations of the two-dimensional Hasegawa–Wakatani equations to a one-dimensional transport equation for the density <f>n</f>. Our coupling scheme uses implicit temporal discretization of the transport equation, rendering it stable for arbitrarily large time steps. This allows the computation of turbulence with self-consistent steady-state equilibrium profiles in a single time step of the transport equations and with a total computational time comparable to that required for the turbulence code alone to reach a statistical steady state with fixed equilibrium profiles. Results are presented for both local and non-local turbulence simulations. In the former, which requires running a separate turbulence simulation for each transport grid cell, the transport flux <f>Γ(x)</f> depends on only local values of <f>n(x)</f> and <f>n′(x)</f>; for this case, <f>Γ</f> is expressed using Fick’s law, <f>Γ=−Dn′</f>, with <f>D>0</f> prescribed by the turbulence. In the non-local simulations, <f>Γ(x)</f> depends on the form of <f>n</f> over the entire domain. For such simulations we present two methods for representing <f>Γ</f> that allow for anomalous flux transport, i.e., regions where the flux flows up the local gradient of <f>n</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 9101276; Shestakov, A.I. 1 Cohen, R.H. 1 Crotinger, J.A.; Email Address: jcrotinger@mac.com LoDestro, L.L.; Email Address: lodestro@llnl.gov Tarditi, A.; Email Address: alfonso.g.tarditi1@jsc.nasa.gov Xu, X.Q. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 185 Issue 2, p399; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(02)00063-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knoll, D.A.
AU  - Chacon, L.
AU  - Margolin, L.G.
AU  - Mousseau, V.A.
T1  - On balanced approximations for time integration of multiple time scale systems
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 185
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 583
SN  - 00219991
AB  - The effect of various numerical approximations used to solve linear and nonlinear problems with multiple time scales is studied in the framework of modified equation analysis (MEA). First, MEA is used to study the effect of linearization and splitting in a simple nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE), and in a linear partial differential equation (PDE). Several time discretizations of the ODE and PDE are considered, and the resulting truncation terms are compared analytically and numerically. It is demonstrated quantitatively that both linearization and splitting can result in accuracy degradation when a computational time step larger than any of the competing (fast) time scales is employed. Many of the issues uncovered on the simple problems are shown to persist in more realistic applications. Specifically, several differencing schemes using linearization and/or time splitting are applied to problems in nonequilibrium radiation–diffusion, magnetohydrodynamics, and shallow water flow, and their solutions are compared to those using balanced time integration methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - LINEAR systems
N1  - Accession Number: 9101287; Knoll, D.A. 1; Email Address: nol@lanl.gov Chacon, L. 1 Margolin, L.G. 2 Mousseau, V.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545 USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 185 Issue 2, p583; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00008-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kline, David M.
T1  - Technology Transfer for Renewable Energy: Overcoming Barriers in Developing Countries (Book).
JO  - Journal of Energy & Development
JF  - Journal of Energy & Development
Y1  - 2003///Spring2003
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 298
EP  - 300
AB  - Reviews the book 'Technology Transfer for Renewable Energy: Overcoming Barriers in Developing Countries,' by Gill Wilkins.
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Wilkins, Gill
KW  - Technology Transfer for Renewable Energy: Overcoming Barriers in Developing Countries (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10930696; Kline, David M. 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado; Issue Info: Spring2003, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p298; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Technology Transfer for Renewable Energy: Overcoming Barriers in Developing Countries (Book); People: Wilkins, Gill; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Daniel
AU  - Domotor, Stephen
AU  - Higley, Kathryn
AU  - Kocher, David
AU  - Bilyard, Gordon
T1  - Principles and issues in radiological ecological risk assessment
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - This paper provides a bridge between the fields of ecological risk assessment (ERA) and radioecology by presenting key biota dose assessment issues identified in the US Department of Energy’s Graded Approach for Evaluating Radiation Doses to Aquatic and Terrestrial Biota in a manner consistent with the US Environmental Protection Agency’s framework for ERA. Current radiological ERA methods and data are intended for use in protecting natural populations of biota, rather than individual members of a population. Potentially susceptible receptors include vertebrates and terrestrial plants. One must ensure that all media, radionuclides (including short-lived radioactive decay products), types of radiations (i.e., alpha particles, electrons, and photons), and pathways (i.e., internal and external contamination) are combined in each exposure scenario. The relative biological effectiveness of alpha particles with respect to deterministic effects must also be considered. Expected safe levels of exposure are available for the protection of natural populations of aquatic biota (10 mGy d−1) and terrestrial plants (10 mGy d−1) and animals (1 mGy d−1) and are appropriate for use in all radiological ERA tiers, provided that appropriate exposure assumptions are used. Caution must be exercised (and a thorough justification provided) if more restrictive limits are selected, to ensure that the supporting data are of high quality, reproducible, and clearly relevant to the protection of natural populations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
KW  - RADIOECOLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Biota
KW  - Dose assessment
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - ERA
KW  - Graded approach
KW  - Radionuclides
N1  - Accession Number: 9389258; Jones, Daniel 1; Email Address: jonesds@ornl.gov Domotor, Stephen 2 Higley, Kathryn 3 Kocher, David 4 Bilyard, Gordon 5; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA  2: Office of Environmental Policy and Guidance, US Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA  3: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA  4: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  5: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1/2, p19; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Subject Term: RADIOECOLOGY; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biota; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dose assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: ERA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graded approach; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclides; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00114-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higley, Kathryn A.
AU  - Domotor, Stephen L.
AU  - Antonio, Ernest J.
AU  - Kocher, David C.
T1  - Derivation of a screening methodology for evaluating radiation dose to aquatic and terrestrial biota
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - The United States Department of Energy (DOE) currently has in place a radiation dose standard for the protection of aquatic animals, and is considering additional dose standards for terrestrial biota. These standards are: 10 mGy/d for aquatic animals, 10 mGy/d for terrestrial plants, and, 1 mGy/d for terrestrial animals. Guidance on suitable approaches to the implementation of these standards is needed. A screening methodology, developed through DOE’s Biota Dose Assessment Committee (BDAC), serves as the principal element of DOE’s graded approach for evaluating radiation doses to aquatic and terrestrial biota. Limiting concentrations of radionuclides in water, soil, and sediment were derived for 23 radionuclides. Four organism types (aquatic animals; riparian animals; terrestrial animals; and terrestrial plants) were selected as the basis for development of the screening method. Internal doses for each organism type were calculated as the product of contaminant concentration, bioaccumulation factor(s) and dose conversion factors. External doses were calculated based on the assumption of immersion of the organism in soil, sediment, or water. The assumptions and default parameters used provide for conservative screening values. The screening methodology within DOE’s graded approach should prove useful in demonstrating compliance with biota dose limits and for conducting screening assessments of radioecological impact. It provides a needed evaluation tool that can be employed within a framework for protection of the environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION -- Dosage
KW  - AQUATIC animals
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Animals
KW  - Plants
KW  - Radiation dose
KW  - Screening methods
N1  - Accession Number: 9389259; Higley, Kathryn A. 1; Email Address: higley@engr.orst.edu Domotor, Stephen L. 2 Antonio, Ernest J. 3 Kocher, David C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Oregon State University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, 100 Radiation Center, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA  2: US Department of Energy, Office Environmental Policy and Guidance, 1000 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, DC, 20585, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA  4: SENES Oak Ridge, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1/2, p41; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Dosage; Subject Term: AQUATIC animals; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Animals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Screening methods; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00115-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higley, K.A.
AU  - Domotor, S.L.
AU  - Antonio, E.J.
T1  - A kinetic-allometric approach to predicting tissue radionuclide concentrations for biota
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - Allometry, or the biology of scaling, is the study of size and its consequences. It has become a useful tool for comparative physiology. There are several allometric equations that relate body size to many parameters, including ingestion rate, lifespan, inhalation rate, home range and more. While these equations were originally derived from empirical observations, there is a growing body of evidence that these relationships have their origins in the dynamics of energy transport mechanisms. As part of an ongoing effort by the Department of Energy in developing generic methods for evaluating radiation dose to biota, we have examined the utility of applying allometric techniques to predicting radionuclide tissue concentration across a large range of terrestrial and riparian species of animals. This particular study examined 23 radionuclides. Initial investigations suggest that the allometric approach can provide a useful tool to derive limiting values of uptake and elimination factors for animals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOMETRY
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - RADIATION -- Dosage
KW  - RIPARIAN animals
KW  - Accumulation
KW  - Allometry
KW  - Radiation dose
KW  - Radionuclides
N1  - Accession Number: 9389260; Higley, K.A. 1; Email Address: higley@engr.orst.edu Domotor, S.L. 2 Antonio, E.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Oregon State University, 100 Radiation Center, Corvallis, OR 97331-5902, USA  2: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Policy and Guidance, 1000 Independence Avenue, Washington, DC 20585, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1/2, p61; Subject Term: ALLOMETRY; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Dosage; Subject Term: RIPARIAN animals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Allometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00116-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higley, Kathryn A.
AU  - Domotor, Stephen L.
AU  - Antonio, Ernest J.
T1  - A probabilistic approach to obtaining limiting estimates of radionuclide concentration in biota
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - The US Department of Energy has developed a graded approach for evaluating radiation doses to biota. Limiting concentrations of radionuclides in water, soil, and sediment were derived for twenty-three radionuclides. Four organism types (aquatic animals, riparian animals, terrestrial animals, and terrestrial plants) were selected as the basis for method development. While environmental transfer data needed for deriving biota tissue concentrations are available for aquatic animals and terrestrial plants, less information is available for terrestrial and riparian organisms. Two methods were applied and examined for their ability to provide estimates of organism:soil or organism:water concentration factors in lieu of measured data. The kinetic/allometric approach combined with a parameter uncertainty analysis provides a needed method to estimate concentration factors across multiple species with limited input data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION -- Dosage
KW  - AQUATIC animals
KW  - AQUATIC organisms
KW  - Accumulation
KW  - Animals
KW  - Plants
KW  - Radiation dosimetry
KW  - Radionuclides
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9389261; Higley, Kathryn A. 1; Email Address: higley@engr.orst.edu Domotor, Stephen L. 2 Antonio, Ernest J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oregon State University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Corvallis, OR 97331-5902, USA  2: US Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Policy and Guidance, 1000 Independence Ave., S.W., Washington, DC 20585, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1/2, p75; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Dosage; Subject Term: AQUATIC animals; Subject Term: AQUATIC organisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Animals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclides; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00117-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ulsh, B.
AU  - Hinton, T.G.
AU  - Congdon, J.D.
AU  - Dugan, L.C.
AU  - Whicker, F.W.
AU  - Bedford, J.S.
T1  - Environmental biodosimetry: a biologically relevant tool for ecological risk assessment and biomonitoring
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - Biodosimetry, the estimation of received doses by determining the frequency of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations, is widely applied in humans acutely exposed as a result of accidents or for clinical purposes, but biodosimetric techniques have not been utilized in organisms chronically exposed to radionuclides in contaminated environments. The application of biodosimetry to environmental exposure scenarios could greatly improve the accuracy, and reduce the uncertainties, of ecological risk assessments and biomonitoring studies, because no assumptions are required regarding external exposure rates and the movement of organisms into and out of contaminated areas. Furthermore, unlike residue analyses of environmental media, environmental biodosimetry provides a genetically relevant biomarker of cumulative lifetime exposure. Symmetrical chromosome translocations can impact reproductive success, and could therefore prove to be ecologically relevant as well. We describe our experience in studying aberrations in the yellow-bellied slider turtle as an example of environmental biodosimetry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - DOSAGE of drugs
KW  - ECOLOGICAL risk assessment
KW  - Chromosome aberrations
KW  - Environmental biodosimetry
KW  - Fluorescent in-situ hybridization
KW  - Trachemys scripta
KW  - Yellow-bellied slider turtle
N1  - Accession Number: 9389263; Ulsh, B. 1; Email Address: ulshb@mcmaster.ca Hinton, T.G. 2 Congdon, J.D. 2 Dugan, L.C. 3 Whicker, F.W. 1 Bedford, J.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA  2: Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, PO Box 808, L-452, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1/2, p121; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: DOSAGE of drugs; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosome aberrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental biodosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescent in-situ hybridization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trachemys scripta; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yellow-bellied slider turtle; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00119-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Cavinato, A.G.
AU  - Mayes, D.M.
AU  - Kangas, L.J.
AU  - Bledsoe, G.E.
AU  - Rasco, B.A.
T1  - Nondestructive Determination of Moisture and Sodium Chloride in Cured Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar) (Teijin) Using Short-wavelength Near-infrared Spectroscopy (SW-NIR).
JO  - Journal of Food Science
JF  - Journal of Food Science
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 68
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 482
EP  - 486
SN  - 00221147
AB  - BSTRACT: Moisture (49.70 to 74.20% w/w) and salt (0.13 to 12.30% w/w) concentrations in cured Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) or teijin were determined by short-wavelength near-infrared (SW-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy (600 to 1100 nm) using partial least square regression (PLS) and artificial neural networks (ANN) calibration methods. ANN and PLS yielded similar results (Salt: ANN RMS = 1.43% w/w, PLS RMS = 1.37% w/w; Water, ANN RMS = 2.08% w/w, PLS RMS = 2.04% w/w). Sampling the dorsal or ventral portion of the fish did not appear to affect the prediction error of the salt or moisture models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Food Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATLANTIC salmon
KW  - SALMO
KW  - REFLECTANCE spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NONDESTRUCTIVE testing
N1  - Accession Number: 63141201; Huang, Y. 1 Cavinato, A.G. 2 Mayes, D.M. 3 Kangas, L.J. 4 Bledsoe, G.E. 5 Rasco, B.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Authors Huang and Rasco are with Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Box 646376, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164-6376.  2: Author Cavinato is with Chemistry Program, Eastern Oregon Univ., 1 University Blvd., La Grande, OR 97850.  3: Author Mayes is with DSquared Development, Inc., 905 M. Ave., La Grande, OR 97850.  4: Author Kangas is with Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 2710 University Dr., Richland, WA 99352-1671.  5: Author Bledsoe is with Dept. of Biological System Engineering, Box 646120, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164-6120.; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 68 Issue 2, p482; Subject Term: ATLANTIC salmon; Subject Term: SALMO; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NONDESTRUCTIVE testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05698.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ames, Richard L.
AU  - Bluhm, Elizabeth A.
AU  - Douglas Way, J.
AU  - Bunge, Annette L.
AU  - Abney, Kent D.
AU  - Schreiber, Stephen B.
T1  - Physical characterization of 0.5 μm cut-off sintered stainless steel membranes
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 213
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 03767388
AB  - An investigation was conducted to determine the basic physical characteristics of stainless steel membrane material considered for an aqueous waste separation process and concurrently to develop a procedure for future use in characterizing membrane material. The initial choice of sintered 316L stainless steel material was the result of the need for a robust and acid resistant membrane having the potential for aqueous separations capabilities. The membrane material tested had a nominal filtration rating (particle cut-off) of 0.5 μm and a thickness of approximately 0.123 cm. Characterization tests conducted were used to determine the pore size distribution, mean pore diameter, porosity, and tortuosity of the stainless steel membrane material. Results indicated that the average pore diameter was approximately 2.2 μm and the average of the porosity was determined to be 24.9%. The diffusion tortuosity, determined from the measurement of <F>14C</F>-labeled sucrose diffusion through the stainless steel membrane, was estimated to be approximately 1.3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEMBRANES (Technology)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - Barrier membranes
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Inorganic membranes
KW  - Metal membranes
KW  - Microporous and porous membranes
N1  - Accession Number: 9009432; Ames, Richard L. 1,2; Email Address: rames@lanl.gov Bluhm, Elizabeth A. 1 Douglas Way, J. 1,2 Bunge, Annette L. 2 Abney, Kent D. 1 Schreiber, Stephen B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Nuclear Materials Technology-2/CINC, Mail Stop E511, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden Colorado, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 213 Issue 1/2, p13; Subject Term: MEMBRANES (Technology); Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Barrier membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inorganic membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microporous and porous membranes; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carpenter, J.M.
AU  - Iverson, E.B.
AU  - Littrell, K.C.
T1  - Prospects for Solid Ammonia as a Cold Moderator.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - We explore what is known about solid ammonia as a moderator, suggest and demonstrate a method for deriving from measurements on normal ammonia results that apply to the separated isotopic form, and survey the needs for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMMONIA
KW  - REACTOR moderators
KW  - Cold moderators
KW  - Pulsed neutron sources
KW  - Separated-isotope ammonia
KW  - Solid ammonia
KW  - Spallation neutron sources
N1  - Accession Number: 10792208; Carpenter, J.M. 1; Email Address: jmcarpenter@anl.gov Iverson, E.B. 2 Littrell, K.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 11 Issue 1/2, p41; Subject Term: AMMONIA; Subject Term: REACTOR moderators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cold moderators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed neutron sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Separated-isotope ammonia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid ammonia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation neutron sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parizzi, A.A.
AU  - Lee, W.-T.
AU  - Felcher, G.P.
AU  - Klose, F.
T1  - Decoupled Moderators--Do We Always Need Them? or: A New Approach for Pulse Shaping.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - At a spallation neutron source, the wavelength of a neutron is generally determined by its time-of-flight (TOF) from the source to the detector. The achievable precision is ultimately limited by the non-zero emission time-width of the source/moderator system. Particularly, coupled moderators that are used to produce high-intensity cold neutron beams show long "tails" in the intensity/time distribution for all wavelengths. For this reason, much less intense decoupled moderators are often used for instruments that require high resolution. We present here a novel technique for dynamic energy filtering of thermal and cold polarized neutron beams. The device consists of a polarizer/analyzer system and an energy-selective spin-resonance flipper. By drifting its resonance condition in synchronization with the TOF, the filter controls the energy resolution of a broad bandwidth TOF neutron pulse. Calculations show that substantial resolution gains are obtainable by applying this technique to a TOF neutron reflectometer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON beams
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - Decoupled moderators
KW  - Pulse shaping
KW  - Spallation neutron source
KW  - Time-of-flight
N1  - Accession Number: 10792203; Parizzi, A.A. 1,2,3 Lee, W.-T. 1 Felcher, G.P. 4; Email Address: fklose@anl.gov Klose, F. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  4: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 11 Issue 1/2, p51; Subject Term: NEUTRON beams; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decoupled moderators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse shaping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation neutron source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iverson, E.B.
AU  - Ferguson, P.D.
AU  - Gallmeier, F.X.
AU  - Murphy, B.D.
T1  - The Spallation Neutron Source High Power Target Station Moderator Performance: Calculations and Studies.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - We address recent progress in the continued neutronic design of the Spallation Neutron Source Target Station as regards moderator performance. The Spallation Neutron Source Target Station will receive 2 MW of 1 GeV protons at 60 Hz. This level of proton power offers unprecedented neutronic performance for pulsed neutron production for time-of-flight neutron scattering, as well as unprecedented challenges in providing such a performance. We report on the results of recent design optimization studies and the importance of carefully matching moderator performance characteristics to the needs of the neutron scattering instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REACTOR moderators
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - Monte Carlo neutronics
KW  - Neutron beams
KW  - Neutron moderation
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Pulsed moderator design
KW  - Spallation
N1  - Accession Number: 10792210; Iverson, E.B. 1; Email Address: iversoneb@sns.gov Ferguson, P.D. Gallmeier, F.X. Murphy, B.D.; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 11 Issue 1/2, p83; Subject Term: REACTOR moderators; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo neutronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron moderation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed moderator design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iverson, E.B.
AU  - Forsythe, D.C.
AU  - Heuser, B.J.
AU  - Carpenter, J.M.
T1  - Status of Pelletised Moderator Neutronics Research for the Spallation Neutron Source Long Wavelength Target Station.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - We explore methods for making detailed calculations on the neutronic performance of a pelletised moderator, wherein a significant fraction of the moderating medium is heterogeneously distributed. This pellet approach appears to be necessary to provide cooling capabilities to a solid moderator material under heavy heat loads, and furthermore appears to offer the only realistic mechanism for permitting solid moderators in situations where the moderator material stores energy from radiation damage at a significant rate. Current use of solid moderators (e.g. methane at the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source facility) is significantly limited by the need to avoid catastrophic release of this stored energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REACTOR moderators
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - Burping
KW  - Neutron moderation
KW  - Pellet moderator
KW  - Pulsed moderator design
KW  - Spallation
N1  - Accession Number: 10792205; Iverson, E.B. 1; Email Address: iversoneb@sns.gov Forsythe, D.C. 2 Heuser, B.J. 2 Carpenter, J.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Nuclear Engineering Department, University of Illinois, USA  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 11 Issue 1/2, p107; Subject Term: REACTOR moderators; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron moderation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pellet moderator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed moderator design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Shen, T.D.
AU  - Schwarz, R.B.
T1  - Atom probe studies of metallic glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Atom probe tomography was used to characterize the distribution of atoms in bulk amorphous Pd40Ni40P20, Pd40Ni<f>40−x</f>Fe<f>x</f>P20 (<f>0<x<20</f>), and (Pd50Cu50)<f>100−x</f>P<f>x</f> (<f>x=16.5</f>, 17.5, 19) alloys. The analyses were performed on samples cut from 7-mm diameter rods, which were prepared by quenching the melt at cooling rates of approximately 200 K/s. All the alloys were examined in the as-quenched condition. In the Pd40Ni<f>40−x</f>Fe<f>x</f>P20 glasses, the increase in Fe concentration causes a systematic increase in the clustering of palladium and ordering of phosphorus. The 20% Fe alloy exhibited a two-phase microstructure. The (Pd50Cu50)<f>100−x</f>P<f>x</f> glasses exhibited fine-scale phase separation into copper-enriched/phosphorus-depleted and copper-depleted/phosphorus-enriched regions. These observations follow from statistical analysis of the concentration frequency distributions, the composition enrichments of shells around each atom, and composition maps. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 9160315; Miller, M.K. 1; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Shen, T.D. 2 Schwarz, R.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Microscopy, Microanalysis, Microstructures Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  2: Structure/Properties Relations Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1/2, p10; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)02001-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherne, F.J.
AU  - Baskes, M.I.
AU  - Schwarz, R.B.
T1  - Atomistic simulations of the phase stability and elastic properties of nickel–zirconium alloys
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 00223093
AB  - We study the phase stability and the elastic properties of amorphous and crystalline nickel–zirconium alloys using the modified embedded-atom method (MEAM). This binary system was chosen because it has been extensively characterized both in the crystalline and amorphous phases. The MEAM potentials developed here predict the melting temperatures of pure Ni and Zr, and those of the known NiZr intermetallic compounds to better than 13%. For all known intermetallic crystalline structures, the enthalpies of formation predicted by the MEAM model compare favorably to experimental data. The calculated atomic volumes show a slight negative deviation from Vegard’s law. Calculated values of the shear modulus of the amorphous phase also show good agreement with experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - ELASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 9160323; Cherne, F.J.; Email Address: cherne@lanl.gov Baskes, M.I. 1 Schwarz, R.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8 Structure and Property Relations, P.O. Box 1663, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1/2, p45; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01982-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Besser, M.F.
AU  - Yang, N.
AU  - Rozhkova, E.
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Lee, P.L.
T1  - Devitrification studies of Zr–Pd and Zr–Pd–Cu metallic glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
SN  - 00223093
AB  - High temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD) is used to investigate the devitrification pathway for two related Zr-based metallic glasses, Zr70Pd30 and Zr70Pd20Cu10. Both alloys have similar as-quenched structures and initially devitrify to form a meta-stable quasicrystalline phase. The HTXRD data for the Zr70Pd30 alloy shows the coexistence of the quasicrystalline and the Zr2Pd (I4/mmm) crystalline phases over a range of 25 K. Conversely, the Zr70Pd20Cu10 alloy shows an additional transformation of the quasicrystalline phase to a meta-stable Zr2(PdCu) intermetallic (Zr2Si type structure, I4/mcm) that polymorphically transforms to the Zr2Ni type structure (I4/mmm) over a very narrow temperature range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS-ceramics
KW  - METALLIC glasses
N1  - Accession Number: 9160325; Kramer, M.J. 1; Email Address: mjkramer@ameslab.gov Besser, M.F. 1 Yang, N. 1 Rozhkova, E. 1 Sordelet, D.J. 1 Zhang, Y. 2 Lee, P.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 37 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Advance Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1/2, p62; Subject Term: GLASS-ceramics; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01984-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jankowski, A.F.
AU  - Wall, M.A.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Crystallization of beryllium–boron metallic glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Prior studies of evaporation and sputter deposition show that the grain size of pure beryllium can be dramatically refined through the incorporation of metal impurities. Recently, the addition of boron at a concentration greater than 11% is shown promote glass formation in sputter deposited beryllium. Here, thermally induced crystallization of the beryllium–boron metallic glass is reported. The samples are characterized during an in situ annealing treatment with bright field imaging and electron diffraction using transmission electron microscopy. A nanocrystalline structure evolves from the annealed amorphous phase and the crystallization temperature is affected by the boron concentration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 9160335; Jankowski, A.F.; Email Address: jankowski1@llnl.gov Wall, M.A. 1 Nieh, T.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Mail Stop L-352, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550/94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1/2, p129; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01993-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sordelet, Daniel J.
AU  - Rozhkova, Elena
AU  - Besser, Matthew F.
AU  - Kramer, Matthew J.
T1  - Consolidation of gas atomized Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 amorphous powders
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The dense, random atomic configuration of bulk metallic glasses enhances their stability against crystallization in the supercooled liquid state. This stability provides the opportunity to deform the material by plastic processing methods such as warm extrusion. Gas atomized Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 powders were consolidated at various temperatures above their glass transition temperature (688 K) at extrusion ratios of 5, 9 and 13. At extrusion temperatures approaching <f>Tx</f> (743 K), powders consolidated at an extrusion ratio of 5 were predominantly amorphous while at higher ratios the powders were completely devitrified, yet fully consolidated. Gradients in the degree of devitrification were observed along the length (i.e., top to bottom) of all extruded materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 9160337; Sordelet, Daniel J.; Email Address: sordelet@ameslab.gov Rozhkova, Elena 1 Besser, Matthew F. 1 Kramer, Matthew J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Iowa State University, 125 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1/2, p137; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01994-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robertson, J.
AU  - Im, J.-T.
AU  - Karaman, I.
AU  - Hartwig, K.T.
AU  - Anderson, I.E.
T1  - Consolidation of amorphous copper based powder by equal channel angular extrusion
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Cu50Ti32Zr12Ni5Si1 gas-atomized powder was consolidated by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE). Powder was vacuum encapsulated in copper cans and extruded at a temperature above the glass transition temperature (<f>Tg</f>), but below the crystallization temperature (<f>Tx</f>). Five samples were subjected to one extrusion pass, each with a different temperature and extrusion rate. Microstructure, thermal stability, X-ray diffraction measurements and hardness of the ECAE consolidates were examined and compared with those of the initial powder and with a conventional extrusion (CE) consolidate. All consolidates exhibit a supercooled liquid region slightly narrower than that of the starting powder. No significant crystallization peaks are observed in XRD measurements; however, changes in peak shape and the total enthalpy of crystallization in differential scanning calorimetry measurements are attributed to nanocrystallization that is not easily detected by these methods. Greater microhardness values in ECAE consolidates in comparison with the starting powder also support the probability of nanocrystallization. The brittle behavior exhibited by all consolidates is attributed to an initial high oxygen contamination of the powder (∼2000 ppm) and the possibility of crystallization due to long exposure to temperatures above <f>Tg</f> during consolidation. Microstructural examination of the ECAE consolidates shows significant shear deformation of the particles with one ECAE pass. The results of the present study encourage further work on the fabrication of bulk metallic glass from powder by ECAE consolidation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - COPPER
N1  - Accession Number: 9160338; Robertson, J. 1 Im, J.-T. 1 Karaman, I. 1 Hartwig, K.T. 1; Email Address: thartwig@mengr.tamu.edu Anderson, I.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Texas A&M University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College Station, TX 77843-3123, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1/2, p144; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: COPPER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01995-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peter, W.H.
AU  - Buchanan, R.A.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
T1  - The fatigue behavior of a zirconium-based bulk metallic glass in vacuum and air
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Early fatigue studies on bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have indicated fatigue strengths lower than anticipated. It was suspected that environmental effects degraded the fatigue life. In the present study, a zirconium-based BMG, BMG-11 (Zr–10Al–5Ti–17.9Cu–14.6Ni, at.%), was tested in vacuum and air. This comparison was made to define any detrimental environmental effects due to water vapor on the fatigue lifetime of BMG-11. The limited results obtained so far suggest that water vapor in air does not affect the lifetime. Moreover, the fatigue endurance limit for BMG-11 in air was found to be quite high, 907 MPa, and comparable to, or better than, those of many conventional high-strength alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - 62.20.Mk
N1  - Accession Number: 9160348; Peter, W.H. 1 Buchanan, R.A. 1 Liu, C.T. 2 Liaw, P.K. 1; Email Address: liaw@utkux.utcc.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, 434 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6115, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1/2, p187; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: 62.20.Mk; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)02009-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harms, Ulrich
AU  - Jin, Ou
AU  - Schwarz, R.B.
T1  - Effects of plastic deformation on the elastic modulus and density of bulk amorphous Pd40Ni10Cu30P20
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The effect of annealing and plastic deformation on the density and modulus of bulk amorphous Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 was measured. The shear and bulk modulus were measured by resonant-ultrasound spectroscopy. Annealing causes the density and shear modulus to increase, but the bulk modulus remains approximately constant. Following annealing, plastic deformation reduces both the density and shear modulus to their values in the as-quenched samples. A linear relationship was found between the shear modulus and the density. The relative change in the shear modulus is approximately 25 times larger than the relative change in the density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
N1  - Accession Number: 9160350; Harms, Ulrich 1 Jin, Ou 1 Schwarz, R.B.; Email Address: rxzs@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1/2, p200; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)02010-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Backhaus, S.
AU  - Swift, G. W.
T1  - An acoustic streaming instability in thermoacoustic devices utilizing jet pumps.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 113
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1317
EP  - 1324
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Thermoacoustic-Stirling hybrid engines and feedback pulse tube refrigerators can utilize jet pumps to suppress streaming that would otherwise cause large heat leaks and reduced efficiency. It is desirable to use jet pumps to suppress streaming because they do not introduce moving parts such as bellows or membranes. In most cases, this form of streaming suppression works reliably. However, in some cases, the streaming suppression has been found to be unstable. Using a simple model of the acoustics in the regenerators and jet pumps of these devices, a stability criterion is derived that predicts when jet pumps can reliably suppress streaming. © 2003 Acoustical Society of America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - JET pumps
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
KW  - STIRLING engines
KW  - HEAT engineering
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 19824037; Backhaus, S. 1; Email Address: backhaus@lanl.gov Swift, G. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 113 Issue 3, p1317; Subject Term: JET pumps; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Subject Term: STIRLING engines; Subject Term: HEAT engineering; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1543588
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lacouture, Jean-Christoph
AU  - Johnson, Paul A.
AU  - Cohen-Tenoudji, Frederic
T1  - Study of critical behavior in concrete during curing by application of dynamic linear and nonlinear means.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 113
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1325
EP  - 1332
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The monitoring of both linear and nonlinear elastic properties of a high performance concrete during curing is presented by application of compressional and shear waves. To follow the linear elastic behavior, both compressional and shear waves are used in wide band pulse echo mode. Through the value of the complex reflection coefficient between the cell material (Lucite) and the concrete within the cell, the elastic moduli are calculated. Simultaneously, the transmission of a continuous compressional sine wave at progressively increasing drive levels permits us to calculate the nonlinear properties by extracting the harmonics amplitudes of the signal. Information regarding the chemical evolution of the concrete based upon the reaction of hydration of cement is obtained by monitoring the temperature inside the sample. These different types of measurements are linked together to interpret the critical behavior. © 2003 Acoustical Society of America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONCRETE -- Curing
KW  - SHEAR waves
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
N1  - Accession Number: 19824038; Lacouture, Jean-Christoph 1; Email Address: lacoutur@ccr.jussieu.fr Johnson, Paul A. 2; Email Address: paj@lanl.gov Cohen-Tenoudji, Frederic 1; Email Address: tenoudji@ccr.jussieu.fr; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire Environnement et Développement, Université D. Diderot, Tour 33-43, Case courrier 7087, 2 Place Jussieu, 75251 Paris Cedex, France  2: Geophysics, MS D443, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 113 Issue 3, p1325; Subject Term: CONCRETE -- Curing; Subject Term: SHEAR waves; Subject Term: CEMENT; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1543927
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shrotriya, P.
AU  - Allameh, S.M.
AU  - Lou, J.
AU  - Buchheit, T.
AU  - Soboyejo, W.O.
T1  - On the measurement of the plasticity length scale parameter in LIGA nickel foils
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - This paper presents measurements of the plasticity length scale for polycrystalline LIGA nickel foils produced by electroplating in a sulfamate bath. The micro-bend test method developed by Sto¨lken and Evans [Acta Mater. 46 (1998) 5109] is used to obtain a composite length scale parameter, <f>lc</f> that is primarily associated with rotational gradients. The micro-bend test utilizes the measurement of the curvature change associated with elastic spring-back of bent micro-beams in the extraction of a composite length scale parameter, <f>lc</f>. The length scale is measured to be <f>∼</f>5.6 <f>μ</f>m for foils between 25 and 175 <f>μ</f>m thick. This is in the range (3–5 <f>μ</f>m) reported from prior micro-bend experiments on nickel foils (loc. cit.). The measured length scale is also similar to values reported previously for polycrystalline copper wires using torsion tests in which rotation gradients dominate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics of Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - LIGA Ni foil
KW  - Micro-bend test
KW  - Micro-tensile
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Plasticity length scale
KW  - Rotational gradient
KW  - Strain gradient plasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 9123351; Shrotriya, P. 1; Email Address: pshrotri@princeton.edu Allameh, S.M. 1 Lou, J. 1 Buchheit, T. 2 Soboyejo, W.O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, 1 Olden Street, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Mechanical Reliability and Modeling Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 35 Issue 3-6, p233; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIGA Ni foil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-bend test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-tensile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasticity length scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotational gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain gradient plasticity; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gautesen, A.K.
T1  - On scattering of an SH-wave by a corner comprised of two different elastic materials
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 407
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - The problem of the scattering of plane SH-waves by a corner comprised of two different elastic materials is considered. This problem is the analogy of the dielectric wedge problem in electromagnetics. A Fourier transform method is used to derive equations which can readily be solved numerically. The unknowns are the Fourier transforms of the displacements and tractions on the interfaces of the wedge. Fredholm integral equations of the second kind with simple continuous kernels are obtained after taking a physically reasonable representation of the unknown quantities. Numerical results for the diffraction coefficients are presented. The method can be generalized for incidence of Stonely, plane P-, or SV-waves. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - ELASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 9123361; Gautesen, A.K. 1; Email Address: gautesen@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 136 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 35 Issue 3-6, p407; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rightley, M.J.
AU  - Tigges, C.P.
AU  - Givler, R.C.
AU  - Robino, C.V.
AU  - Mulhall, J.J.
AU  - Smith, P.M.
T1  - Innovative wick design for multi-source, flat plate heat pipes
JO  - Microelectronics Journal
JF  - Microelectronics Journal
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 00262692
AB  - We present a novel micro-heat pipe wick design and fabrication technique to significantly boost the effective thermal conductivity of the heat pipe relative to the monolithic substrate material. Extensive porous flow modeling of the process has provided critical information on the key parameters and the resulting anisotropic wick designs have shown robust performance improvements. A methanol charged copper device reported in this paper showed a maximum thermal conductivity of 760 W/m K prior to dry out. This represents a 1.9× increase over the conductivity of solid copper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HEAT pipes
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - Dryout
KW  - Heat pipe
KW  - High heat flux devices
KW  - IC cooling technology
KW  - Micro-heat pipe
KW  - Porous media
N1  - Accession Number: 9190628; Rightley, M.J. Tigges, C.P. 1 Givler, R.C. 1 Robino, C.V. 1 Mulhall, J.J. 1 Smith, P.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1076/Org 1745, Bo 5800 Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p187; Subject Term: HEAT pipes; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dryout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat pipe; Author-Supplied Keyword: High heat flux devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: IC cooling technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-heat pipe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous media; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0026-2692(02)00187-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baig, M.A.
AU  - Khandkar, M.Z.H.
AU  - Khan, J.A.
AU  - Khan, M.A.
AU  - Simin, G.
AU  - Wang, H.
T1  - A study of temperature field in a GaN heterostructure field-effect transistor
JO  - Microelectronics Journal
JF  - Microelectronics Journal
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 00262692
AB  - This paper presents a three-dimensional finite element based heat transfer model for a Gallium Nitride-based Heterostructure Field-Effect Transistor (henceforth referred to as GaN HFET). Analyses were carried out to study the distribution of temperature in the HFET under steady-state conditions for two different steady-current inputs. Two different substrates for the HFET, sapphire and silicon carbide (SiC), were studied. The paper discusses the effect of using a heat sink and also that of using reasonable contact resistances on the substrate side of the HFET, on the temperature profile. In all cases, the gate region of the HFET was found to attain the highest temperature. Subsequent experiments to validate the results of the computational analysis were carried out at the Oakridge National Laboratories, Knoxville, and are also presented in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - Gallium nitride
KW  - Heterostructure field-effect transistor
KW  - Temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 9190638; Baig, M.A. 1 Khandkar, M.Z.H. 1 Khan, J.A. 1; Email Address: khan@engr.sc.edu Khan, M.A. 2 Simin, G. 2 Wang, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Swearingen Engineering Center, University of South Carolina, 300 South Main Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  2: Department of Electrical Engineering, Swearingen Engineering Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p207; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterostructure field-effect transistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0026-2692(02)00190-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGowan, K. E.
AU  - Charles, P. A.
T1  - On the stability of the 421-d periodicity in A0538–66.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/03//3/1/2003
VL  - 339
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 748
EP  - 756
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - ABSTRACT In this paper we analyse 70 years of archival Harvard and Schmidt plate data of the 16.6-d Be X-ray binary A0538–66 in order to search for the presence of the long-term period of 420.82 ± 0.79 d found in MACHO photometry. We find evidence for a long-term period of 421.29 ± 0.95 d in the archival data, and examine its stability. We also combine the archival and MACHO data sets in order to improve the accuracy of the orbital period determination, using a cycle-counting analysis to refine its value to 16.6460 ± 0.0004 d . We also test the model proposed in our previous paper with observations documented in the literature for A0538–66 from 1980 to 1995, constraining the system inclination to be . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BINARY stars
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - binaries: close
KW  - stars: individual: A0538–66
KW  - X-rays: stars
N1  - Accession Number: 9137430; McGowan, K. E. 1 Charles, P. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH; Source Info: 3/1/2003, Vol. 339 Issue 3, p748; Subject Term: BINARY stars; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: binaries: close; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: A0538–66; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-rays: stars; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06220.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9137430&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Weiye
AU  - Rychlik, Marek
AU  - Szidarovszky, Ferenc
AU  - Chiarella, Carl
T1  - On the attractivity of a class of homogeneous dynamic economic systems
JO  - Nonlinear Analysis
JF  - Nonlinear Analysis
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 52
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1617
SN  - 0362546X
AB  - The attractivity properties of the set of equilibria of a special class of homogeneous dynamic economic systems are examined. The nonlinearity of the models and the presence of eigenvalues with zero real parts make the application of the classical theory impossible. Some principles of the modern theory of dynamical systems and invariant manifolds are applied, and the local attractivity of the set of equilibria is verified under mild conditions. As an application, special labor-managed oligopolies are investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nonlinear Analysis is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - RANDOM dynamical systems
KW  - Attractivity
KW  - Attractor
KW  - Invariant manifold
KW  - Labor-managed oligopoly
KW  - Stability
N1  - Accession Number: 8574954; Li, Weiye 1; Email Address: liw@t7.lanl.gov Rychlik, Marek 2 Szidarovszky, Ferenc 3 Chiarella, Carl 4; Affiliation:  1: Group T-7, MS B284, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: Systems and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  4: School of Finance and Economics, University of Technology, Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p1617; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: RANDOM dynamical systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Attractivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Attractor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Invariant manifold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Labor-managed oligopoly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stability; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonzogni, A.A.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 138
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 98
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Experimental data on ground- and excited-state properties for all known nuclei with mass number A=138 have been compiled and evaluated. States populated in radioactive decay as well as in nuclear reactions have been considered. For these nuclei, level and decay schemes, as well as tables of nuclear properties are given. This work supersedes the 1995 evaluation by J.K. Tuli (1995Tu01). Manuscripts published before December 2002 have been included in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
N1  - Accession Number: 10353363; Sonzogni, A.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 98 Issue 3, p515; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Number of Pages: 150p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/ndsh.2003.0004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10353363&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harrison, M.
AU  - Ludlam, T.
AU  - Ozaki, S.
T1  - RHIC project overview
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 244
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An overview of the RHIC Project, the construction and commissioning of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and a set of four detectors at Brookhaven National Laboratory, will be presented as the introduction to this Special Issue of Nucl. Instr. and Meth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - Collider
KW  - Heavy
KW  - Ion
N1  - Accession Number: 16270160; Harrison, M. 1 Ludlam, T. 1 Ozaki, S.; Email Address: ozaki@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p235; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01937-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270160&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hahn, H.
AU  - Forsyth, E.
AU  - Foelsche, H.
AU  - Harrison, M.
AU  - Kewisch, J.
AU  - Parzen, G.
AU  - Peggs, S.
AU  - Raka, E.
AU  - Ruggiero, A.
AU  - Stevens, A.
AU  - Tepikian, S.
AU  - Thieberger, P.
AU  - Trbojevic, D.
AU  - Wei, J.
AU  - Willen, E.
AU  - Ozaki, S.
AU  - Lee, S.Y.
T1  - The RHIC design overview
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 263
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The salient performance objectives for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are presented and the rationale for the design choices of the major collider systems is conveyed. RHIC provides collisions of heavy ions covering the entire mass range from protons to gold. For the prototypical case of Au-on-Au, one obtains energies up to 100 GeV/n per beam and luminosities of ∼2×1026 cm-2 s-1, averaged over a 10-h storage time. Operation with polarized protons is also possible. The overall accelerator complex used for gold ions consists of the Tandem Van de Graaff, the Booster, the AGS, and the Collider itself, and the scenario for the beam transfer between machines is described. The two separate collider rings cross at six interaction points, where the lattice design provides low-beta insertions for maximum luminosity. The interaction diamond length of <20 cm rms is achieved by bunched beam operation and holding the 56 bunches in a 197 MHz radio-frequency (RF) system after their acceleration in a 28 MHz RF system. The rings are constructed with superconducting magnets, which have a cold bore aperture of 6.9 cm in the arcs. The RHIC specific design challenges posed by intrabeam scattering of heavy ions, passage through transition energy with slow-ramping superconducting magnets, and control of magnetic errors in the low-beta triplet quadrupoles are addressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - IONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Collider
KW  - Heavy
KW  - Ion
N1  - Accession Number: 16270161; Hahn, H. 1; Email Address: hahnh@bnl.gov Forsyth, E. 1 Foelsche, H. 1 Harrison, M. 1 Kewisch, J. 1 Parzen, G. 1 Peggs, S. 1 Raka, E. 1 Ruggiero, A. 1 Stevens, A. 1 Tepikian, S. 1 Thieberger, P. 1 Trbojevic, D. 1 Wei, J. 1 Willen, E. 1 Ozaki, S. 1 Lee, S.Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, Indiana University, SW 117, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p245; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01938-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270161&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iarocci, M.A.
AU  - Brown, D.
AU  - Sondericker, J.
AU  - Wu, K.C.
AU  - Benson, J.
AU  - Farah, Y.
AU  - Lac, C.
AU  - Morgillo, A.
AU  - Nicoletti, A.
AU  - Quimby, E.
AU  - Rank, J.
AU  - Rehak, M.
AU  - Werner, A.
T1  - RHIC cryogenics
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
EP  - 279
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An integrated helium cryogenic system was designed with the specific performance goal of cooling and refrigerating the cryogenic magnets to below their nominal operating temperature. These magnets make up the steering and focusing elements for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). In addition to meeting the accelerator demands, reliability, flexibility, safety, and ease of operation were key considerations during the design phase of the project. The refrigerator, with a capacity of 25 kW at about 4 K, was originally designed to match the load for the Colliding Beam Accelerator Project. The existing refrigerator, along with its complimentary warm compressor system was reconfigured slightly to meet the cooling process cycle design for RHIC. The original VAX based process control system was also adapted for RHIC, and later expanded upon to integrate a new programmable logic controller based ring resident control system, hence forming a common system to monitor and control all cryogenic components. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - IONS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Collider
KW  - Cryogenics
KW  - RHIC
N1  - Accession Number: 16270162; Iarocci, M.A.; Email Address: iarocci@bnl.gov Brown, D. 1 Sondericker, J. 1 Wu, K.C. 1 Benson, J. 1 Farah, Y. 1 Lac, C. 1 Morgillo, A. 1 Nicoletti, A. 1 Quimby, E. 1 Rank, J. 1 Rehak, M. 1 Werner, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p264; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenics; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01939-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270162&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anerella, M.
AU  - Cottingham, J.
AU  - Cozzolino, J.
AU  - Dahl, P.
AU  - Elisman, Y.
AU  - Escallier, J.
AU  - Foelsche, H.
AU  - Ganetis, G.
AU  - Garber, M.
AU  - Ghosh, A.
AU  - Goodzeit, C.
AU  - Greene, A.
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Harrison, M.
AU  - Herrera, J.
AU  - Jain, A.
AU  - Kahn, S.
AU  - Kelly, E.
AU  - Killian, E.
AU  - Lindner, M.
T1  - The RHIC magnet system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 280
EP  - 315
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The magnet system of the collider consists of superconducting dipole, quadrupole and correction magnets for guiding and focusing the beams through the regular arcs of the machine lattice as well as into collision at the six interaction points. It is designed to allow operation in the energy range 30–100 GeV/u. Operation with either equal or unequal ion species in the colliding beams is possible, imposing a ratio of up to 2.5:1 in the magnetic fields of the two rings. There are 1740 superconducting magnets in the machine. They were designed to meet stringent requirements on field quality, reproducibility, and long-term reliability while being inexpensive to produce. Wherever feasible, production of magnets and components was carried out in industry, always with build-to-print designs. After several years of operation, no magnet has failed and the magnet system has proven reliable and functional. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - IONS
KW  - Accelerator magnets
KW  - Helical magnets
KW  - Magnet field quality
KW  - RHIC magnets
KW  - Superconducting magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 16270163; Anerella, M. 1 Cottingham, J. 1 Cozzolino, J. 1 Dahl, P. 1 Elisman, Y. 1 Escallier, J. 1 Foelsche, H. 1 Ganetis, G. 1 Garber, M. 1 Ghosh, A. 1 Goodzeit, C. 1 Greene, A. 1 Gupta, R. 1 Harrison, M. 1 Herrera, J. 1 Jain, A. 1 Kahn, S. 1 Kelly, E. 1 Killian, E. 1 Lindner, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p280; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helical magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnet field quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnets; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01940-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270163&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bruno, D.
AU  - Eng, W.
AU  - Feng, P.K.
AU  - Ganetis, G.
AU  - Lambiase, R.F.
AU  - Louie, W.
T1  - RHIC magnet electrical system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 316
EP  - 348
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The RHIC magnet electrical system consists primarily of the power converters that are used to energize the superconducting magnets in the collider ring, the power distribution system (both room temperature and superconducting) to deliver that power from the converters to the magnets, a detection system to monitor for quenches in the magnets and superconducting cables, and a protection system to remove power from the superconductors if a quench is detected. This system also has major interfaces with the Control System for commands, status monitoring, current setting and analog monitoring of the power supplies, and with Conventional Facilities for power distribution of the mains at and below the 480VAC level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - Quench detection
KW  - Quench protection
KW  - Superconducting magnet power supply
N1  - Accession Number: 16270164; Bruno, D. 1 Eng, W. 1 Feng, P.K. 1 Ganetis, G.; Email Address: ganetis1@bn1.gov Lambiase, R.F. 1 Louie, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Collider-Accelerator Department, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p316; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quench detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quench protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnet power supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01941-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270164&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burns, R.
AU  - Hseuh, H.C.
AU  - Lee, R.C.
AU  - McIntyre, G.
AU  - Pate, D.
AU  - Smart, L.
AU  - Sondericker, J.
AU  - Weiss, D.
AU  - Welch, K.
T1  - The RHIC vacuum systems
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 355
SN  - 01689002
AB  - There are three vacuum systems in RHIC: the insulating vacuum vessels housing the superconducting magnets, the cold beam tubes surrounded by the superconducting magnets, and the warm beam tube sections at the insertion regions and the experimental regions. These systems have a cumulative length over 10 km and a total volume over 3000 m3. Conventional ultrahigh vacuum technology was used in the design and construction of the cold and warm beam vacuum systems with great success. The long and large insulating vacuum volumes without vacuum barriers require careful management of the welding and leak checking of the numerous helium line joints. There are about 1500 vacuum gauges and pumps serial-linked to eight PLCs distributed around RHIC, which allow the monitoring and control of these devices through Ethernet networks to remote control consoles. With the exception of helium leaks through the cryogenic valve boxes into the insulating vacuum volumes, the RHIC vacuum systems have performed well beyond expectations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM technology
KW  - HEAVY ion accelerators
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Accelerator vacuum
KW  - Heavy ion accelerator
KW  - Insulating vacuum
KW  - Superconducting magnets
KW  - Ultrahigh vacuum
N1  - Accession Number: 16270165; Burns, R. 1 Hseuh, H.C.; Email Address: hseuh@bnl.gov Lee, R.C. 1 McIntyre, G. 1 Pate, D. 1 Smart, L. 1 Sondericker, J. 1 Weiss, D. 1 Welch, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 817, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p349; Subject Term: VACUUM technology; Subject Term: HEAVY ion accelerators; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator vacuum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulating vacuum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrahigh vacuum; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01942-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270165&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barton, D.S.
AU  - Binello, S.
AU  - Buxton, W.
AU  - Clifford, T.
AU  - D’Ottavio, T.
AU  - Hartmann, H.
AU  - Hoff, L.T.
AU  - Katz, R.
AU  - Kennell, S.
AU  - Kerner, T.
AU  - Laster, J.
AU  - Lee, R.C.
AU  - Marusic, A.
AU  - Michnoff, R.
AU  - Morris, J.
AU  - Oerter, B.R.
AU  - Olsen, R.
AU  - Piacentino Jr., J.
AU  - Skelly, J.F.
T1  - RHIC control system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
EP  - 371
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The RHIC control system architecture is hierarchical and consists of two physical layers with a fiber-optic network connection. The Front-End Level systems consist of VME chassis with processors running a real-time operating system and both VME I/O modules and remote bus interfaces. Accelerator device software interfaces are implemented as objects in C++. The network implementation uses high speed, switched Ethernet technology. Specialized hardware modules were built for waveform control of power supplies, multiplexed signal acquisition, and timing services. The Console Level systems are Unix workstations. A strong emphasis has been given to developing highly reusable, standard software tools for use in building physics and diagnostic application software. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion accelerators
KW  - FIBER optics
KW  - INTEGRATED optics
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
KW  - Accelerator controls
KW  - Control systems
N1  - Accession Number: 16270166; Barton, D.S.; Email Address: dsbarton@bnl.gov Binello, S. 1 Buxton, W. 1 Clifford, T. 1 D’Ottavio, T. 1 Hartmann, H. 1 Hoff, L.T. 1 Katz, R. 1 Kennell, S. 1 Kerner, T. 1 Laster, J. 1 Lee, R.C. 1 Marusic, A. 1 Michnoff, R. 1 Morris, J. 1 Oerter, B.R. 1 Olsen, R. 1 Piacentino Jr., J. 1 Skelly, J.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p356; Subject Term: HEAVY ion accelerators; Subject Term: FIBER optics; Subject Term: INTEGRATED optics; Subject Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator controls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Control systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01943-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270166&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bai, M.
AU  - Cameron, P.
AU  - Cerniglia, P.
AU  - Connolly, R.
AU  - Cupolo, J.
AU  - Degen, C.
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Fliller, R.
AU  - Gassner, D.
AU  - Mead, J.
AU  - Ptitsyn, V.
AU  - Satogata, T.
AU  - Shea, T.
AU  - Sikora, R.
AU  - Thompson, P.
AU  - Witkover, R.
T1  - RHIC beam instrumentation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
EP  - 387
SN  - 01689002
AB  - RHIC instrumentation systems must accurately characterize diverse beams of up to 110 bunches in each of the two collider rings, ranging from <f>1011</f> protons/bunch at <f>250 GeV</f> to <f>109</f> <f>Au+79</f> ions/bunch at <f>100 GeV/nucleon</f>, as well as lower-intensity commissioning and pilot bunches. The collider instrumentation includes: 667 beam position monitor (BPM) channels, 363 beam loss monitor (BLM) channels, wall current monitors, DC current transformers, ionization profile monitors, tune measurement devices, and resonant Schottky monitors. Collider instrumentation is also used in the AGS-to-RHIC transfer line, including 52 BPM channels, 56 BLM channels, 5 fast integrating current transformers, and 12 video beam profile monitors (RHIC Design Manual, April 1998; Proceedings of the’ 98 Beam Instrumentation Workshop, 1998). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CURRENT transformers (Instrument transformer)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Current monitor
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Loss monitor
KW  - Luminosity monitor
KW  - Position monitor
KW  - RHIC
N1  - Accession Number: 16270167; Bai, M. 1 Cameron, P. 1 Cerniglia, P. 1 Connolly, R. 1 Cupolo, J. 1 Degen, C. 1 Drees, A. 1 Fliller, R. 1 Gassner, D. 1 Mead, J. 1 Ptitsyn, V. 1 Satogata, T.; Email Address: satogata@bnl.gov Shea, T. 1 Sikora, R. 1 Thompson, P. 1 Witkover, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p372; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CURRENT transformers (Instrument transformer); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Loss monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Luminosity monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01944-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Etkin, A.
AU  - Williams, T.
AU  - Musselino, S.
AU  - Robinson, T.
AU  - Frankel, B.
AU  - Heyder, Roy
T1  - The RHIC personnel safety system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 388
EP  - 391
SN  - 01689002
N1  - Accession Number: 16270168; Etkin, A.; Email Address: etkin@bnl.gov Williams, T. 1 Musselino, S. 1 Robinson, T. 1 Frankel, B. 1 Heyder, Roy 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p388; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01945-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270168&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alekseev, I.
AU  - Allgower, C.
AU  - Bai, M.
AU  - Batygin, Y.
AU  - Bozano, L.
AU  - Brown, K.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Cameron, P.
AU  - Courant, E.
AU  - Erin, S.
AU  - Escallier, J.
AU  - Fischer, W.
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Hatanaka, K.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Imai, K.
AU  - Ishihara, M.
AU  - Jain, A.
AU  - Lehrach, A.
AU  - Kanavets, V.
T1  - Polarized proton collider at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
EP  - 414
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In addition to heavy ion collisions (RHIC Design Manual, Brookhaven National Laboratory), RHIC will also collide intense beams of polarized protons (I. Alekseev, et al., Design Manual Polarized Proton Collider at RHIC, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1998 [2]), reaching transverse energies where the protons scatter as beams of polarized quarks and gluons. The study of high energy polarized protons beams has been a long term part of the program at BNL with the development of polarized beams in the Booster and AGS rings for fixed target experiments. We have extended this capability to the RHIC machine. In this paper we describe the design and methods for achieving collisions of both longitudinal and transverse polarized protons in RHIC at energies up to <f>√ of s=500 GeV</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Beam transport
KW  - Collider
KW  - Helical dipole magnet
KW  - Polarimetry
KW  - Polarized protons
KW  - RHIC
KW  - Siberian snake
KW  - Spin rotator
KW  - Storage ring
KW  - Synchrotron
N1  - Accession Number: 16270169; Alekseev, I. 1 Allgower, C. 2 Bai, M. 3 Batygin, Y. 4 Bozano, L. 5 Brown, K. 3 Bunce, G. 3 Cameron, P. 3 Courant, E. 3 Erin, S. 6 Escallier, J. 3 Fischer, W. 3 Gupta, R. 3 Hatanaka, K. 7 Huang, H. 3 Imai, K. 8 Ishihara, M. 4 Jain, A. 3 Lehrach, A. 9 Kanavets, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: ITEP B. Cheremushkinskaja, 25, Moscow 117259, Russia  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60539, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  4: RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-01, Japan  5: IBM Almaden Res. Ctr., 650 Harry Rd., San Jose, CA 95120, USA  6: IHEP, Protvino, Russia  7: Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan  8: Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan  9: Forschungzentrum Jülich Institute für Kernphysik, Jülich, Germany; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p392; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helical dipole magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarized protons; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Siberian snake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin rotator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage ring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01946-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrens, L.
AU  - Bai, M.
AU  - Blaskiewicz, M.
AU  - Brennan, M.
AU  - Cameron, P.
AU  - Connolly, R.
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Fischer, W.
AU  - Fliller, R.
AU  - Gassner, D.
AU  - Kewisch, J.
AU  - Peggs, S.
AU  - Pilat, F.
AU  - Ptitsyn, V.
AU  - Roser, T.
AU  - Satogata, T.
AU  - Tepikian, S.
AU  - Trbojevic, D.
AU  - van Zeijts, J.
T1  - Commissioning results and applications
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
EP  - 427
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This section describes both: successful commissioning of RHIC and the state of the art RHIC accelerator physics tools/applications. The commissioning provided collisions of the fully stripped gold ions at a beam energy of 65 GeV/nucleon in all four experiments “STAR”, “PHENIX”, “PHOBOS”, and “BRAHMS”. They collected more than <f>3 μb-1</f> of data. Measurements of betatron and dispersion functions have shown excellent agreement with predictions. Diagnostic results from tune-meter, wall current monitor, chromaticity, decoupling measurements, ionization beam profile monitor, Schottky monitors, etc. are shown. Progress towards stable gold ion beam stores with optimized luminosity is described [Proceedings of the HEACC2001 The 18th International Conference On High Energy Accelerators, March 26–30, 2001, Tsukuba, Japan, March, 2001]. Few major commissioning challenges are described first. The most important results, from some of the RHIC systems, are shown in the next section. In the following section bringing beams from two separate “blue” and “yellow” rings into collisions and measurements during long beam stores are described. In the summary part necessary steps and commissioning of additional systems during the next RHIC-2001 run are mentioned. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
N1  - Accession Number: 16270172; Ahrens, L. 1 Bai, M. 1 Blaskiewicz, M. 1 Brennan, M. 1 Cameron, P. 1 Connolly, R. 1 Drees, A. 1 Fischer, W. 1 Fliller, R. 1 Gassner, D. 1 Kewisch, J. 1 Peggs, S. 1 Pilat, F. 1 Ptitsyn, V. 1 Roser, T. 1 Satogata, T. 1 Tepikian, S. 1 Trbojevic, D.; Email Address: dejan@bnl.gov van Zeijts, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p415; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01947-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270172&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ludlam, T.
T1  - Overview of experiments and detectors at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 428
EP  - 432
SN  - 01689002
N1  - Accession Number: 16270173; Ludlam, T. 1; Email Address: ludlam@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p428; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01948-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270173&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adler, C.
AU  - Denisov, A.
AU  - Garcia, E.
AU  - Murray, M.
AU  - Strobele, H.
AU  - White, S.
T1  - The RHIC zero-degree calorimeters
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
EP  - 436
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The RHIC zero-degree calorimeters provide common event characterization in the four heavy ion experiments which recently completed their first data taking run. Here, we describe simulations which lead to the design of these devices, teastbeam performance and initial experience at RHIC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - TEMPERATURE measuring instruments
KW  - IONS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - Calorimeter
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Luminosity
N1  - Accession Number: 16270174; Adler, C. 1 Denisov, A. 2 Garcia, E. 3 Murray, M. 4 Strobele, H. 1 White, S. 5; Email Address: white@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: IKF, University of Frankfurt, Germany  2: IHEP-Protvino, Russia  3: University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA  4: Texas A&M Cyclotron, College Station, TX 77843, USA  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p433; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measuring instruments; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Luminosity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.112
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adamczyk, M.
AU  - Antvorskov, L.
AU  - Ashktorab, K.
AU  - Asselta, K.
AU  - Baker, E.
AU  - Bearden, I.G.
AU  - Beavis, D.
AU  - Besliu, C.
AU  - Blyakhman, Y.
AU  - Brzychczyk, J.
AU  - Budick, B.
AU  - Bøggild, H.
AU  - Chasman, C.
AU  - Christensen, C.H.
AU  - Christiansen, P.
AU  - Cibor, J.
AU  - Debbe, R.
AU  - Diaz, H.
AU  - Dutka, L.
AU  - Engelhardt, J.
T1  - The BRAHMS experiment at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 468
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The BRAHMS experiment at RHIC was conceived to pursue the understanding of nuclear matter under extreme conditions by detailed measurements of charged hadrons over the widest possible range of rapidity and transverse momentum. The experiment consists of two spectrometers with complementary charged hadron detection capabilities as well as a series of global detectors for event characterization. A series of tracking detectors, time-of-flight arms and Cherenkov detectors enables momentum determination and particle identification over a wide range of rapidity and transverse momentum. Technical details and performance results are presented for the various detector subsystems. The performance of the entire system working together is shown to meet the goals of the experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Particle ID
KW  - Relativistic Heavy ions
KW  - Spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 16270177; Adamczyk, M. 1 Antvorskov, L. 2 Ashktorab, K. 3 Asselta, K. 3 Baker, E. 3 Bearden, I.G. 2 Beavis, D. 3 Besliu, C. 4 Blyakhman, Y. 5 Brzychczyk, J. 1 Budick, B. 5 Bøggild, H. 2 Chasman, C. 3 Christensen, C.H. 2 Christiansen, P. 2 Cibor, J. 6 Debbe, R. 3 Diaz, H. 3 Dutka, L. 1 Engelhardt, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland  2: Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: University of Bucharest, Romania  5: New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA  6: H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p437; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle ID; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrometer; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01949-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270177&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adcox, K.
AU  - Adler, S.S.
AU  - Aizama, M.
AU  - Ajitanand, N.N.
AU  - Akiba, Y.
AU  - Akikawa, H.
AU  - Alexander, J.
AU  - Al-Jamel, A.
AU  - Allen, M.
AU  - Alley, G.
AU  - Amirikas, R.
AU  - Aphecetche, L.
AU  - Arai, Y.
AU  - Archuleta, J.B.
AU  - Archuleta, J.R.
AU  - Armendariz, R.
AU  - Armijo, V.
AU  - Aronson, S.H.
AU  - Autrey, D.
AU  - Averbeck, R.
T1  - PHENIX detector overview
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
EP  - 479
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A–A, p–A, and p–p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - PHENIX
KW  - RHIC
KW  - Spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 16270178; Adcox, K. 1 Adler, S.S. 2 Aizama, M. 3 Ajitanand, N.N. 4 Akiba, Y. 5 Akikawa, H. 6 Alexander, J. 4 Al-Jamel, A. 7 Allen, M. 8 Alley, G. 9 Amirikas, R. 10 Aphecetche, L. 11 Arai, Y. 5 Archuleta, J.B. 12 Archuleta, J.R. 12 Armendariz, R. 7 Armijo, V. 12 Aronson, S.H. 2 Autrey, D. 13 Averbeck, R. 14; Affiliation:  1: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan  4: Chemistry Department, State University of New York—Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  5: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, Japan  6: Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan  7: New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  8: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  9: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  10: Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  11: SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, IN2P3/CNRS, Universite de Nantes) BP 20722-44307, Nantes Cedex 3, France  12: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  13: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  14: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York - Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p469; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHENIX; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrometer; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01950-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aronson, S.H.
AU  - Bowers, J.
AU  - Chiba, J.
AU  - Danby, G.
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Fackler, O.
AU  - Franz, A.
AU  - Freidberg, J.P.
AU  - Guryn, W.
AU  - Harvey, A.
AU  - Ichihara, T.
AU  - Jackson, J.
AU  - Jayakumar, R.
AU  - Kahn, S.
AU  - Kashikhin, V.
AU  - Kroon, P.J.
AU  - Libkind, M.
AU  - Marx, M.D.
AU  - Meng, W.Z.
AU  - Messer, F.
T1  - PHENIX magnet system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 480
EP  - 488
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The PHENIX magnet system is composed of three spectrometer magnets with warm iron yokes and water-cooled copper coils. The Central Magnet (CM) is energized by two pairs of concentric coils and provides a field around the interaction vertex that is parallel to the beam. This allows momentum analysis of charged particles in the polar angle range from <f>70°</f> to <f>110°</f>. The north and south Muon Magnets (MMN and MMS) use solenoid coils to produce a radial magnetic field for muon analysis. They each cover a pseudorapidity interval of 1.1–2.3 and full azimuth. The coils are wound on cylindrical surfaces at the end of large tapered pistons. Each of the three magnets provides a field integral of about <f>0.8 T</f>-m. The physical and operating parameters of the magnets and their coils are given along with a description of the magnetic fields generated. The geometric, thermal and magnetic analysis leading to the coil design is discussed. The magnetic volumes of the PHENIX magnets are very large and complex, so a new technique was developed to map the fields based on surface measurements of a single field component using single axis Hall probes mounted on a rotating frame. A discussion of the performance of the CM during the first year of PHENIX running is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Field mapping
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Magnet
KW  - RHIC
KW  - Solenoid
KW  - Spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 16270184; Aronson, S.H. 1 Bowers, J. 2 Chiba, J. 3 Danby, G. 1 Drees, A. 4 Fackler, O. 2 Franz, A. 1; Email Address: afranz@bnl.gov Freidberg, J.P. 5 Guryn, W. 1 Harvey, A. 2 Ichihara, T. 6 Jackson, J. 1 Jayakumar, R. 5 Kahn, S. 1 Kashikhin, V. 7 Kroon, P.J. 1 Libkind, M. 2 Marx, M.D. 4 Meng, W.Z. 1 Messer, F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, Japan  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  5: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  6: RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  7: Efremov Institute for Electrophysical Research, St. Petersburg, Russia; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p480; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field mapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solenoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrometer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01951-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270184&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adcox, K.
AU  - Ajitanand, N.N.
AU  - Alexander, J.
AU  - Autrey, D.
AU  - Averbeck, R.
AU  - Azmoun, B.
AU  - Barish, K.N.
AU  - Baublis, V.V.
AU  - Belkin, R.
AU  - Bhaganatula, S.
AU  - Biggs, J.C.
AU  - Borland, D.
AU  - Botelho, S.
AU  - Bryan, W.L.
AU  - Burward-Hoy, J.
AU  - Butsyk, S.A.
AU  - Chang, W.C.
AU  - Christ, T.
AU  - Dietzsch, O.
AU  - Drees, A.
T1  - PHENIX central arm tracking detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 489
EP  - 507
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The PHENIX tracking system consists of Drift Chambers (DC), Pad Chambers (PC) and the Time Expansion Chamber (TEC). PC1/DC and PC2/TEC/PC3 form the inner and outer tracking units, respectively. These units link the track segments that transverse the RICH and extend to the EMCal. The DC measures charged particle trajectories in the <f>r</f>–<f>φ</f> direction to determine <f>pT</f> of the particles and the invariant mass of particle pairs. The PCs perform 3D spatial point measurements for pattern recognition and longitudinal momentum reconstruction and provide spatial resolution of a few mm in both <f>r</f>–<f>φ</f> and <f>z</f>. The TEC tracks particles passing through the region between the RICH and the EMCal. The design and operational parameters of the detectors are presented and running experience during the first year of data taking with PHENIX is discussed. The observed spatial and momentum resolution is given which imposes a limitation on the identification and characterization of charged particles in various momentum ranges. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - 29.30.Ep
KW  - Charged particle detectors
KW  - Electronics
KW  - PHENIX
KW  - RHIC
KW  - Tracking
N1  - Accession Number: 16270186; Adcox, K. 1 Ajitanand, N.N. 2 Alexander, J. 2 Autrey, D. 3 Averbeck, R. 4 Azmoun, B. 4 Barish, K.N. 5 Baublis, V.V. 6 Belkin, R. 7 Bhaganatula, S. 8 Biggs, J.C. 7 Borland, D. 1 Botelho, S. 9 Bryan, W.L. 10 Burward-Hoy, J. 4 Butsyk, S.A. 6 Chang, W.C. 11 Christ, T. 4 Dietzsch, O. 9 Drees, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: Chemistry Department, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Physics Department, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  5: University of California, Riverside, Riverside CA, 92521, USA  6: Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, 188350, Russia  7: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  8: Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  9: University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil  10: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  11: Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p489; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: PERSONAL computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.30.Ep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charged particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHENIX; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01952-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270186&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aizawa, M.
AU  - Akiba, Y.
AU  - Begay, R.
AU  - Burward-Hoy, J.
AU  - Chappell, R.B.
AU  - Chi, C.Y.
AU  - Chiu, M.
AU  - Chujo, T.
AU  - Crook, D.W.
AU  - Danmura, A.
AU  - Ebisu, K.
AU  - Emery, M.S.
AU  - Enosawa, K.
AU  - Esumi, S.
AU  - Ferrierra, J.
AU  - Frawley, A.D.
AU  - Griffin, V.
AU  - Hamagaki, H.
AU  - Hara, H.
AU  - Hayano, R.S.
T1  - PHENIX central arm particle ID detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 508
EP  - 520
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Ring-Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) and the Time-of-Flight (ToF) systems provide identification of charged particles for the PHENIX central arm. The RICH is located between the inner and outer tracking units and is one of the primary devices for identifying electrons among the very large number of charged pions. The ToF is used to identify hadrons and is located between the most outer pad chamber (PC3) and the electromagnetic calorimeter. A Time Zero (T0) counter that enhances charged particle measurements in p–p collisions is described. Details of the construction and performance of both the RICH, ToF and T0 are given along with typical results from the first PHENIX data taking run. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - 29.30.Ep
KW  - Charged particle spectroscopy
KW  - Cherenkov detectors
KW  - Electron spectroscopy
KW  - Scintillation detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 16270187; Aizawa, M. 1 Akiba, Y. 2 Begay, R. 3 Burward-Hoy, J. 3 Chappell, R.B. 4 Chi, C.Y. 5 Chiu, M. 5 Chujo, T. 1,6 Crook, D.W. 4 Danmura, A. 1 Ebisu, K. 7 Emery, M.S. 8 Enosawa, K. 1 Esumi, S. 1 Ferrierra, J. 3 Frawley, A.D. 4; Email Address: frawley@fsuhip.physics.fsu.edu Griffin, V. 4 Hamagaki, H. 9 Hara, H. 7 Hayano, R.S. 10; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan  2: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  3: SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11974-3800, USA  4: Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  5: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, USA  6: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  7: Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan  8: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  9: Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan  10: Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p508; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.30.Ep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charged particle spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation detectors; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01953-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270187&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aphecetche, L.
AU  - Awes, T.C.
AU  - Banning, J.
AU  - Bathe, S.
AU  - Bazilevsky, A.
AU  - Belikov, S.
AU  - Belyaev, S.T.
AU  - Blume, C.
AU  - Bobrek, M.
AU  - Bucher, D.
AU  - Bumazhnov, V.
AU  - Büsching, H.
AU  - Chernichenkov, S.
AU  - Cianciolo, V.
AU  - Cutshaw, M.
AU  - D'Enterria, D.G.
AU  - Daniels, S.
AU  - David, G.
AU  - Delagrange, H.
AU  - Denisov, A.
T1  - PHENIX calorimeter
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 536
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The PHENIX Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMCal) is used to measure the spatial position and energy of electrons and photons produced in heavy ion collisions. It covers the full central spectrometer acceptance of <f>70°⩽θ⩽110°</f> with two walls, each subtending <f>90°</f> in azimuth. One wall comprises four sectors of a Pb-scintillator sampling calorimeter and the other has two sectors of Pb-scintillator and two of a Pb-glass Cherenkov calorimeter. Both detectors have very good energy, spatial and timing resolution, while the Pb-scintillator excels in timing and the Pb-glass in energy measurements. Also, having two detectors with different systematics increases the confidence level of the physics results. Design and operational parameters of the Pb-scintillator, Pb-glass and special readout electronics for EMCal are presented and running experience during the first year of data taking with PHENIX is discussed. Some examples of data taken during the first run are shown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC devices
KW  - TEMPERATURE measuring instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - Calorimeter
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Pb-glass
KW  - PHENIX
KW  - RHIC
KW  - Scintillator
N1  - Accession Number: 16270188; Aphecetche, L. 1 Awes, T.C. 2 Banning, J. 2 Bathe, S. 3 Bazilevsky, A. 4 Belikov, S. 5,6 Belyaev, S.T. 7 Blume, C. 3 Bobrek, M. 2 Bucher, D. 3 Bumazhnov, V. 6 Büsching, H. 3 Chernichenkov, S. 6 Cianciolo, V. 2 Cutshaw, M. 2 D'Enterria, D.G. 1 Daniels, S. 2 David, G. 8; Email Address: david@bnl.gov Delagrange, H. 1 Denisov, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, IN2P3/CRNS, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307, Nantes-cedex 3, France  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: University of Münster, D-411980 Münster, Germany  4: BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  5: Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  6: Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP), Protvino, Russia  7: Russian Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, RU-123182 Moscow, Russia  8: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p521; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC devices; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measuring instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pb-glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHENIX; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillator; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01954-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270188&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akikawa, H.
AU  - Al-Jamel, A.
AU  - Archuleta, J.B.
AU  - Archuleta, J.R.
AU  - Armendariz, R.
AU  - Armijo, V.
AU  - Awes, T.C.
AU  - Baldisseri, A.
AU  - Barker, A.B.
AU  - Barnes, P.D.
AU  - Bassalleck, B.
AU  - Batsouli, S.
AU  - Behrendt, J.
AU  - Bellaiche, F.G.
AU  - Bland, A.W.
AU  - Bobrek, M.
AU  - Boissevain, J.G.
AU  - Borel, H.
AU  - Brooks, M.L.
AU  - Brown, A.W.
T1  - PHENIX Muon Arms
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
EP  - 548
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The PHENIX Muon Arms detect muons at rapidities of <f>|y|=(1.2–2.4)</f> with full azimuthal acceptance. Each muon arm must track and identify muons and provide good rejection of pions and kaons <f>(∼10-3)</f>. In order to accomplish this we employ a radial field magnetic spectrometer with precision tracking (Muon Tracker) followed by a stack of absorber/low resolution tracking layers (Muon Identifier). The design, construction, testing and expected run parameters of both the muon tracker and the muon identifier are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Cathode strip chambers
KW  - Heavy ion collisions
KW  - Iaroccitubes
KW  - Spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 16270189; Akikawa, H. 1 Al-Jamel, A. 2 Archuleta, J.B. 3 Archuleta, J.R. 3 Armendariz, R. 2 Armijo, V. 3 Awes, T.C. 4 Baldisseri, A. 5 Barker, A.B. 6 Barnes, P.D. 3 Bassalleck, B. 7 Batsouli, S. 8 Behrendt, J. 7 Bellaiche, F.G. 4 Bland, A.W. 6 Bobrek, M. 4 Boissevain, J.G. 3 Borel, H. 5 Brooks, M.L. 3 Brown, A.W. 6; Affiliation:  1: Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan  2: New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: DSM/Dapnia/SPhN, CEA/Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  6: Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX 79699, USA  7: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  8: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p537; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode strip chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iaroccitubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrometer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01955-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270189&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allen, M.
AU  - Bennett, M.J.
AU  - Bobrek, M.
AU  - Boissevain, J.B.
AU  - Boose, S.
AU  - Bosze, E.
AU  - Britton, C.
AU  - Chang, J.
AU  - Chi, C.Y.
AU  - Chiu, M.
AU  - Conway, R.
AU  - Cunningham, R.
AU  - Denisov, A.
AU  - Deshpande, A.
AU  - Emery, M.S.
AU  - Enokizono, A.
AU  - Ericson, N.
AU  - Fox, B.
AU  - Fung, S.-Y.
AU  - Giannotti, P.
T1  - PHENIX inner detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 549
EP  - 559
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The timing, location and particle multiplicity of a PHENIX collision are determined by the Beam–Beam Counters (BBC), the Multiplicity/Vertex Detector (MVD) and the Zero-Degree Calorimeters (ZDC). The BBCs provide both the time of interaction and position of a collision from the flight time of prompt particles. The MVD provides a measure of event particle multiplicity, collision vertex position and fluctuations in charged particle distributions. The ZDCs provide information on the most grazing collisions. A Normalization Trigger Counter (NTC) is used to obtain absolute cross-section measurements for p–p collisions. The BBC, MVD and NTC are described below. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Cherenkov detectors
KW  - Relativistic heavy-ion collisions
KW  - Scintillation detectors
KW  - Tracking and position sensitive detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 16270190; Allen, M. 1 Bennett, M.J. 2 Bobrek, M. 3 Boissevain, J.B. 2 Boose, S. 4 Bosze, E. 5 Britton, C. 3 Chang, J. 5 Chi, C.Y. 6 Chiu, M. 6 Conway, R. 2 Cunningham, R. 2 Denisov, A. 7 Deshpande, A. 8 Emery, M.S. 3 Enokizono, A. 9 Ericson, N. 3 Fox, B. 8 Fung, S.-Y. 5 Giannotti, P. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, CA 87545, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  5: University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  6: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, USA  7: Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP), Protvino, Russia  8: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  9: Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p549; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic heavy-ion collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking and position sensitive detectors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01956-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270190&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adler, S.S.
AU  - Allen, M.
AU  - Alley, G.
AU  - Amirikas, R.
AU  - Arai, Y.
AU  - Awes, T.C.
AU  - Barish, K.N.
AU  - Barta, F.
AU  - Batsouli, S.
AU  - Belikov, S.
AU  - Bennett, M.J.
AU  - Bobrek, M.
AU  - Boissevain, J.G.
AU  - Boose, S.
AU  - Britton, C.
AU  - Britton, L.
AU  - Bryan, W.L.
AU  - Cafferty, M.M.
AU  - Carey, T.A.
AU  - Chang, W.C.
T1  - PHENIX on-line systems
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 560
EP  - 592
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The PHENIX On-Line system takes signals from the Front End Modules (FEM) on each detector subsystem for the purpose of generating events for physics analysis. Processing of event data begins when the Data Collection Modules (DCM) receive data via fiber-optic links from the FEMs. The DCMs format and zero suppress the data and generate data packets. These packets go to the Event Builders (EvB) that assemble the events in final form. The Level-1 trigger (LVL1) generates a decision for each beam crossing and eliminates uninteresting events. The FEMs carry out all detector processing of the data so that it is delivered to the DCMs using a standard format. The FEMs also provide buffering for LVL1 trigger processing and DCM data collection. This is carried out using an architecture that is pipelined and deadtimeless. All of this is controlled by the Master Timing System (MTS) that distributes the RHIC clocks. A Level-2 trigger (LVL2) gives additional discrimination. A description of the components and operation of the PHENIX On-Line system is given and the solution to a number of electronic infrastructure problems are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - FIBER optics
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - Electronics
KW  - PHENIX
KW  - RHIC
KW  - Trigger
N1  - Accession Number: 16270192; Adler, S.S. 1 Allen, M. 2 Alley, G. 2 Amirikas, R. 3 Arai, Y. 4 Awes, T.C. 2 Barish, K.N. 5 Barta, F. 1 Batsouli, S. 6 Belikov, S. 2,7 Bennett, M.J. 8 Bobrek, M. 2 Boissevain, J.G. 8 Boose, S. 1 Britton, C. 2 Britton, L. 2 Bryan, W.L. 2 Cafferty, M.M. 8 Carey, T.A. 8 Chang, W.C. 9; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  4: KEK, High Energy Research Organization, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, Japan  5: University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  6: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, USA  7: Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  8: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  9: Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p560; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: FIBER optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHENIX; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01957-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270192&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adler, S.S.
AU  - Chujo, T.
AU  - Desmond, E.J.
AU  - Ewell, L.
AU  - Ghosh, T.K.
AU  - Haggerty, J.S.
AU  - Ichihara, T.
AU  - Jacak, B.V.
AU  - Johnson, S.C.
AU  - Kehayias, H-J.
AU  - Lauret, J.
AU  - Maguire, C.F.
AU  - Messer, M.
AU  - Mioduszewski, S.
AU  - Mitchell, J.T.
AU  - Morrison, D.P.
AU  - Ojha, I.D.
AU  - Pinkenburg, C.H.
AU  - Pollack, M.
AU  - Pope, K.
T1  - PHENIX on-line and off-line computing
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 602
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Data handling in PHENIX is carried out by the On-Line Computing System (ONCS) and Off-Line Computing System (Off-Line). ONCS provides the overall control and monitoring of the front-end electronics, trigger and data acquisition system and detector ancillary systems. It configures and initializes the on-line system, monitors and controls the data flow, coordinates calibration processes, interlocks the data acquisition process with the slow control subsystems and performs a number of other functions. ONCS uses CORBA software to monitor and control the hardware. Off-Line provides all aspects of data handling not directly connected to the collection of data and monitoring, such as event simulation and reconstruction, data analysis and information management. The impact of the unprecedented data volumes on the design is presented, along with a detailed discussion of the tasks and methods of simulating, obtaining and monitoring the data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - DATABASE management
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Computing
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - PHENIX
KW  - RHIC
N1  - Accession Number: 16270194; Adler, S.S. 1 Chujo, T. 1 Desmond, E.J. 1 Ewell, L. 1 Ghosh, T.K. 2 Haggerty, J.S. 1 Ichihara, T. 3,4 Jacak, B.V. 4,5 Johnson, S.C. 5,6 Kehayias, H-J. 1 Lauret, J. 7 Maguire, C.F. 2 Messer, M. 1 Mioduszewski, S. 1,8 Mitchell, J.T. 1 Morrison, D.P. 1; Email Address: morrison@bnl.gov Ojha, I.D. 2 Pinkenburg, C.H. 1 Pollack, M. 5,8 Pope, K. 8; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  3: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  4: BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  6: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  7: Chemistry Department, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  8: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p593; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: DATABASE management; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHENIX; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01958-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270194&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Baker, M.D.
AU  - Barton, D.S.
AU  - Basilev, S.
AU  - Baum, R.
AU  - Betts, R.R.
AU  - Bialas, A.
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Bogucki, W.
AU  - Budzanowski, A.
AU  - Busza, W.
AU  - Carroll, A.
AU  - Ceglia, M.
AU  - Chang, Y.-H.
AU  - Chen, A.E.
AU  - Coghen, T.
AU  - Connor, C.
AU  - Czyż, W.
AU  - D&acedil;browski, B.
AU  - Decowski, M.P.
T1  - The PHOBOS detector at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 603
EP  - 623
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This manuscript contains a detailed description of the PHOBOS experiment as it is configured for the Year 2001 running period. It is capable of detecting charged particles over the full solid angle using a multiplicity detector and measuring identified charged particles near mid-rapidity in two spectrometer arms with opposite magnetic fields. Both of these components utilize silicon pad detectors for charged particle detection. The minimization of material between the collision vertex and the first layers of silicon detectors allows for the detection of charged particles with very low transverse momenta, which is a unique feature of the PHOBOS experiment. Additional detectors include a time-of-flight wall which extends the particle identification range for one spectrometer arm, as well as sets of scintillator paddle and Cherenkov detector arrays for event triggering and centrality selection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Relativistic heavy ion collisions
KW  - Si detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 16270195; Back, B.B. 1; Email Address: back@phy.anl.gov Baker, M.D. 2 Barton, D.S. 2 Basilev, S. 3 Baum, R. 4 Betts, R.R. 5 Bialas, A. 6 Bindel, R. 4 Bogucki, W. 7 Budzanowski, A. 7 Busza, W. 3 Carroll, A. 2 Ceglia, M. 2 Chang, Y.-H. 8 Chen, A.E. 8 Coghen, T. 7 Connor, C. 5 Czyż, W. 6 D&acedil;browski, B. 7 Decowski, M.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Physics Division, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry and Collider-Accelerator Departments, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA  6: Department of Physics, Jagellonian University, Kraków, Poland  7: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland  8: Department of Physics, Central National University, Chung-Li, Taiwan; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p603; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic heavy ion collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01959-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270195&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ackermann, K.H.
AU  - Adams, N.
AU  - Adler, C.
AU  - Ahammed, Z.
AU  - Ahmad, S.
AU  - Allgower, C.
AU  - Amonett, J.
AU  - Amsbaugh, J.
AU  - Anderson, B.D.
AU  - Anderson, M.
AU  - Anderssen, E.
AU  - Arnesen, H.
AU  - Arnold, L.
AU  - Averichev, G.S.
AU  - Baldwin, A.
AU  - Balewski, J.
AU  - Barannikova, O.
AU  - Barnby, L.S.
AU  - Baudot, J.
AU  - Beddo, M.
T1  - STAR detector overview
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 624
EP  - 632
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An introduction to the STAR detector and a brief overview of the physics goals of the experiment are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - IONS
KW  - Electromagnetic calorimeters
KW  - Gas detectors
KW  - Relativistic heavy ions
KW  - Silicon detectors
KW  - Tracking detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 16270197; Ackermann, K.H. 1 Adams, N. 2 Adler, C. 3 Ahammed, Z. 4 Ahmad, S. 2 Allgower, C. 5 Amonett, J. 6 Amsbaugh, J. 7 Anderson, B.D. 6 Anderson, M. 8 Anderssen, E. 9 Arnesen, H. 10 Arnold, L. 6 Averichev, G.S. 11 Baldwin, A. 6 Balewski, J. 5 Barannikova, O. 4,11 Barnby, L.S. 6 Baudot, J. 12 Beddo, M. 13; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut f ür Physik, Munich, Germany  2: Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA  3: University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany  4: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  5: Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA  6: Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA  7: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  8: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  9: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  10: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  11: Laboratory for High Energy (JINR), Dubna, Russia  12: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques, Strasbourg, France  13: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p624; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic calorimeters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking detectors; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01960-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270197&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bergsma, F.
AU  - Blyth, C.O.
AU  - Brown, R.L.
AU  - Dieffenbach, W.
AU  - Etkin, A.
AU  - Foley, K.J.
AU  - Giudici, P.-A.
AU  - Leonhardt, W.J.
AU  - Love, W.
AU  - Mills, J.A.
AU  - Phillips, D.
AU  - Polk, I.
AU  - Roger, E.S.
AU  - Rosas, P.
AU  - Sandberg, J.
AU  - Scheblein, J.A.
AU  - Schlueter, R.D.
AU  - Toldo, F.
AU  - Trentalange, S.
AU  - Wieman, H.
T1  - The STAR detector magnet subsystem
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
EP  - 639
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe the specification and design, construction and mapping of the STAR magnet. Measurements demonstrate that field quality exceeds specifications for uniformity and agrees with design values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - CONSTRUCTION contracts
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - VALUES (Ethics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16270200; Bergsma, F. 1 Blyth, C.O. 2 Brown, R.L. 3 Dieffenbach, W. 3 Etkin, A. 3 Foley, K.J. 3 Giudici, P.-A. 1 Leonhardt, W.J. 3 Love, W. 3 Mills, J.A. 3 Phillips, D. 3 Polk, I. 3 Roger, E.S. 3 Rosas, P. 3 Sandberg, J. 3 Scheblein, J.A. 3 Schlueter, R.D. 4 Toldo, F. 3 Trentalange, S. 5; Email Address: trentalange@physics.ucla.edu Wieman, H. 4; Affiliation:  1: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland  2: University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p633; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: CONSTRUCTION contracts; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: VALUES (Ethics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01961-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270200&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bellwied, R.
AU  - Beuttenmuller, R.
AU  - Caines, H.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - DiMassimo, D.
AU  - Dyke, H.
AU  - Elliot, D.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Grau, M.
AU  - Hoffmann, G.W.
AU  - Humanic, T.
AU  - Ilyashenko, I.
AU  - Kotov, I.
AU  - Kraner, H.W.
AU  - Kuczewski, P.
AU  - Leonhardt, W.J.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Liaw, C.J.
AU  - LoCurto, G.
AU  - Lynn, D.
T1  - The STAR Silicon Vertex Tracker: A large area Silicon Drift Detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 640
EP  - 651
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Solenoidal Tracker At RHIC-Silicon Vertex Tracker (STAR-SVT) is a three-barrel microvertex detector based upon silicon drift detector (SDD) technology. As designed for the STAR-SVT, (SDDs) are capable of providing unambiguous two-dimensional hit position measurements with resolutions on the order of <f>20 μm</f> in each coordinate. In addition, a high-resolution energy loss measurement in the three layers of the SVT enables good particle identification. We describe features of the design of the STAR-SVT SDDs and electronics that are motivated by such characteristics. We also detail the mechanical structure, assembly procedures, and performance characteristics of the completed device. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16270201; Bellwied, R. 1; Email Address: bellwied@physics.wayne.edu Beuttenmuller, R. 2 Caines, H. 3 Chen, W. 2 DiMassimo, D. 2 Dyke, H. 3 Elliot, D. 2 Eremin, V. 2 Grau, M. 2 Hoffmann, G.W. 4 Humanic, T. 3 Ilyashenko, I. 2 Kotov, I. 3 Kraner, H.W. 2 Kuczewski, P. 2 Leonhardt, W.J. 2 Li, Z. 2 Liaw, C.J. 2 LoCurto, G. 3 Lynn, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 510A, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  3: Ohio State University, USA  4: University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p640; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01962-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270201&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, M.
AU  - Berkovitz, J.
AU  - Betts, W.
AU  - Bossingham, R.
AU  - Bieser, F.
AU  - Brown, R.
AU  - Burks, M.
AU  - Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.
AU  - Cebra, D.
AU  - Cherney, M.
AU  - Chrin, J.
AU  - Edwards, W.R.
AU  - Ghazikhanian, V.
AU  - Greiner, D.
AU  - Gilkes, M.
AU  - Hardtke, D.
AU  - Harper, G.
AU  - Hjort, E.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Igo, G.
T1  - The STAR time projection chamber: a unique tool for studying high multiplicity events at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 659
EP  - 678
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The STAR Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is used to record the collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The TPC is the central element in a suite of detectors that surrounds the interaction vertex. The TPC provides complete coverage around the beam-line, and provides complete tracking for charged particles within <f>±1.8</f> units of pseudo-rapidity of the center-of-mass frame. Charged particles with momenta greater than <f>100 MeV/c</f> are recorded. Multiplicities in excess of 3000 tracks per event are routinely reconstructed in the software. The TPC measures <f>4 m</f> in diameter by <f>4.2 m</f> long, making it the largest TPC in the world. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - Detectors TPC
KW  - Drift chamber
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Time projection chambers
N1  - Accession Number: 16270203; Anderson, M. 1 Berkovitz, J. 2 Betts, W. 3 Bossingham, R. 2 Bieser, F. 2 Brown, R. 3 Burks, M. 2 Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M. Cebra, D. 1 Cherney, M. 4 Chrin, J. 4 Edwards, W.R. 2 Ghazikhanian, V. 5 Greiner, D. 2 Gilkes, M. 6 Hardtke, D. 2 Harper, G. 7 Hjort, E. 2 Huang, H. 5 Igo, G. 5; Affiliation:  1: University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA  5: University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  6: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  7: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p659; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detectors TPC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drift chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time projection chambers; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01964-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270203&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, M.
AU  - Bieser, F.
AU  - Bossingham, R.
AU  - Cebra, D.
AU  - Hjort, E.L.
AU  - Klein, S.R.
AU  - Kleinfelder, S.
AU  - Vu, C.Q.
AU  - Wieman, H.
T1  - A readout system for the STAR time projection chamber
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 679
EP  - 691
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe the readout electronics for the STAR Time Projection Chamber. The system is made up of 136,608 channels of waveform digitizer, each sampling 512 time samples at 6–12 Mega-samples per second. The noise level is about 1000 electrons, and the dynamic range is 800:1, allowing for good energy loss <f>(dE/dx)</f> measurement for particles with energy losses up to 40 times minimum ionizing. The system is functioning well, with more than 99% of the channels working within specifications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16270204; Anderson, M. 1 Bieser, F. 2 Bossingham, R. 2 Cebra, D. 1 Hjort, E.L. 3 Klein, S.R. 2; Email Address: srklein@lbl.gov Kleinfelder, S. 2 Vu, C.Q. 2 Wieman, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p679; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01965-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270204&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abele, J.
AU  - Berkovitz, J.
AU  - Boehm, J.
AU  - Brandin, A.
AU  - Gushin, E.
AU  - Harper, G.
AU  - Lebedev, A.
AU  - Love, W.A.
AU  - Ridiger, A.
AU  - Strikhanov, M.
AU  - Weidenbach, J
AU  - Wells, R.
AU  - Wolf, J.
AU  - Wirth, J.
AU  - Wieman, H.H.
T1  - The laser system for the STAR time projection chamber
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 692
EP  - 702
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is the core tracking detector for the STAR experiment at RHIC. To determine spatial distortions, calibrate and monitor the TPC, a laser calibration system has been built. We developed a novel design to produce ∼500 thin laser beams simulating straight particle tracks in the TPC volume. The new approach is significantly simpler than the traditional ones, and provides a higher TPC coverage at a reduced cost. During RHIC 2000 and 2001 runs the laser system was used to monitor the TPC performance and measure drift velocity with ∼0.02% accuracy. Additional runs were recorded with and without magnetic field to check <f>E×B</f> corrections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - LIGHT amplifiers
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - 29.40.-n
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Laser
KW  - Time Projection Chamber
KW  - Laser
N1  - Accession Number: 16270205; Abele, J. 1 Berkovitz, J. 1 Boehm, J. 1 Brandin, A. 2 Gushin, E. 2 Harper, G. 3 Lebedev, A. 4; Email Address: alebedev@bnl.gov Love, W.A. 4 Ridiger, A. 2 Strikhanov, M. 2 Weidenbach, J 1 Wells, R. 1 Wolf, J. 1 Wirth, J. 1 Wieman, H.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 97420, USA  2: Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia  3: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p692; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: LIGHT amplifiers; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.40.-n; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time Projection Chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01966-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270205&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kotchenda, L.
AU  - Kozlov, S.
AU  - Kravtsov, P.
AU  - Markov, A.
AU  - Strikhanov, M.
AU  - Stringfellow, B.
AU  - Trofimov, V.
AU  - Wells, R.
AU  - Wieman, H.
T1  - STAR TPC gas system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 703
EP  - 712
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The STAR TPC (Time Projection Chamber) Gas System supplies either of two mixtures, P10 (Ar <f>90%+CH4</f> 10%) or <f>C2H6</f> <f>50%+He</f> 50%, to the STAR TPC (STAR Project, Brookhaven, USA) at a controlled pressure. This system regulates the pressure and composition of the gas while monitoring gas temperature, <f>O2</f> and <f>H2O</f>. A computer data acquisition system collects and logs the gas system parameters, controls the purification of the recirculating mixture. A separate alarm and interlock system prevents the TPC from operating under unsafe conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR track detectors
KW  - GASES
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 16270206; Kotchenda, L. 1 Kozlov, S. 1 Kravtsov, P. 1 Markov, A. 1 Strikhanov, M. 2 Stringfellow, B. 3; Email Address: string@physics.purdue.edu Trofimov, V. 1 Wells, R. 4 Wieman, H. 4; Affiliation:  1: St-Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188350, Russia  2: Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia  3: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p703; Subject Term: TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR track detectors; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01967-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270206&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ackermann, K.H.
AU  - Bieser, F.
AU  - Brady, F.P.
AU  - Cebra, D.
AU  - Draper, J.E.
AU  - Eckardt, V.
AU  - Eggert, T.
AU  - Fessler, H.
AU  - Foley, K.J.
AU  - Ghazikhanian, V.
AU  - Hallman, T.J.
AU  - Heffner, M.
AU  - Hümmler, H.
AU  - Klay, J.
AU  - Klein, S.R.
AU  - Lebedev, A.
AU  - LeVine, M.J.
AU  - Ljubicic, T.
AU  - Lo Curto, G.
AU  - Longacre, R.S.
T1  - The forward time projection chamber in STAR
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 713
EP  - 719
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Two cylindrical forward TPC detectors are described which were constructed to extend the phase space coverage of the STAR experiment to the region <f>2.5<|η|<4.0</f>. For optimal use of the available space and in order to cope with the high track density of central Au+Au collisions at RHIC, a novel design was developed using radial drift in a low diffusion gas. From prototype measurements a 2-track resolution of <f>1</f>–<f>2 mm</f> is expected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - NUCLEAR track detectors
KW  - Laser calibration
KW  - Readout electronics
KW  - Time projection chamber
KW  - Track reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 16270207; Ackermann, K.H. 1 Bieser, F. 2 Brady, F.P. 3 Cebra, D. 3 Draper, J.E. 3 Eckardt, V. 1; Email Address: voe@mppmu.mpg.de Eggert, T. 1 Fessler, H. 1 Foley, K.J. 4 Ghazikhanian, V. 5 Hallman, T.J. 4 Heffner, M. 3 Hümmler, H. 1 Klay, J. 3 Klein, S.R. 2 Lebedev, A. 4 LeVine, M.J. 4 Ljubicic, T. 4 Lo Curto, G. 1 Longacre, R.S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, 80805 München, Germany  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p713; Subject Term: TIME projection chambers (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR track detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Readout electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time projection chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Track reconstruction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01968-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270207&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beddo, M.
AU  - Bielick, E.
AU  - Fornek, T.
AU  - Guarino, V.
AU  - Hill, D.
AU  - Krueger, K.
AU  - LeCompte, T.
AU  - Lopiano, D.
AU  - Spinka, H.
AU  - Underwood, D.
AU  - Yokosawa, A.
AU  - Brown, R.
AU  - Christie, W.
AU  - Hallman, T.
AU  - Ljubicic, T.
AU  - Padrazo, D.
AU  - Ivanshin, Yu.I.
AU  - Savin, I.A.
AU  - Shvetsov, V.S.
AU  - Zulkarneev, R.Ya.
T1  - The STAR Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 725
EP  - 739
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Details concerning the design, fabrication and performance of the STAR Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC devices
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
N1  - Accession Number: 16270209; Beddo, M. 1 Bielick, E. 1 Fornek, T. 1 Guarino, V. 1 Hill, D. 1 Krueger, K. 1 LeCompte, T. 1 Lopiano, D. 1 Spinka, H. 1 Underwood, D. 1 Yokosawa, A. 1 Brown, R. 2 Christie, W. 2 Hallman, T. 2 Ljubicic, T. 2 Padrazo, D. 2 Ivanshin, Yu.I. 3 Savin, I.A. 3 Shvetsov, V.S. 3 Zulkarneev, R.Ya. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, High Energy Physics Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Division, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Laboratory of Particle Physics, JINR, Dubna 141980, Russia; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p725; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC devices; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01970-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270209&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allgower, C.E.
AU  - Anderson, B.D.
AU  - Baldwin, A.R.
AU  - Balewski, J.
AU  - Belt-Tonjes, M.
AU  - Bland, L.C.
AU  - Brown, R.L.
AU  - Cadman, R.V.
AU  - Christie, W.
AU  - Cyliax, I.
AU  - Dunin, V.
AU  - Efimov, L.
AU  - Eppley, G.
AU  - Gagliardi, C.A.
AU  - Gagunashvili, N.
AU  - Hallman, T.
AU  - Hunt, W.
AU  - Jacobs, W.W.
AU  - Klyachko, A.
AU  - Krueger, K.
T1  - The STAR endcap electromagnetic calorimeter
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 740
EP  - 750
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The STAR endcap electromagnetic calorimeter will provide full azimuthal coverage for high-<f>pT</f> photons, electrons and electromagnetically decaying mesons over the pseudorapidity range <f>1.086⩽η⩽2.00</f>. It includes a scintillating-strip shower-maximum detector to provide <f>π0/γ</f> discrimination and preshower and postshower layers to aid in distinguishing between electrons and charged hadrons. The triggering capabilities and coverage it offers are crucial for much of the spin physics program to be carried out in polarized proton–proton collisions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC devices
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - <f>π0/γ</f> Discrimination
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Electromagnetic calorimeter
KW  - Electron/hadron discrimination
N1  - Accession Number: 16270210; Allgower, C.E. 1 Anderson, B.D. 2 Baldwin, A.R. 2 Balewski, J. 1 Belt-Tonjes, M. 3 Bland, L.C. 1 Brown, R.L. 4 Cadman, R.V. 5 Christie, W. 4 Cyliax, I. 1 Dunin, V. 6 Efimov, L. 6 Eppley, G. 7 Gagliardi, C.A. 8 Gagunashvili, N. 6 Hallman, T. 4 Hunt, W. 1 Jacobs, W.W. 1 Klyachko, A. 1 Krueger, K. 5; Affiliation:  1: Indiana University Cyclotron Facility, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA  2: Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA  3: Department of Physics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  4: Physics Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  6: Laboratory of High Energy Physics, JINR, 141 980 Dubna, Russia  7: Department of Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA  8: Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p740; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC devices; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>π0/γ</f> Discrimination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron/hadron discrimination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01971-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270210&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Landgraf, J.M.
AU  - LeVine, M.J.
AU  - Ljubicic Jr., A.
AU  - Nelson, J.M.
AU  - Padrazo, D.
AU  - Schulz, M.W.
T1  - An overview of the STAR DAQ system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 762
EP  - 765
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe the STAR Data Acquisition System. STAR is one of four experiments commissioned at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at BNL in 1999 and 2000. DAQ combines custom VME-based receiver electronics with off-the-shelf computers in a parallel architecture interconnected with a Myrinet network. Events of size <f>80 MB</f> are processed at input rates up to <f>100 Hz</f>. Events are reduced to <f>10 MB</f> by zero suppression performed in hardware using custom-designed ASICs. A Level 3 Trigger reconstructs tracks in real time and provides a physics-based filter to further reduce the sustained output data rate to <f>∼30 MB/s</f>. Built events are sent via Gigabit Ethernet to the RHIC Computing Facility and stored to tape using HPSS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - Data acquisition
N1  - Accession Number: 16270212; Landgraf, J.M. 1; Email Address: landgraf@bnl.gov LeVine, M.J. 1 Ljubicic Jr., A. 1 Nelson, J.M. 2 Padrazo, D. 1 Schulz, M.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK  3: Universtitat Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p762; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01973-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270212&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bieser, F.S.
AU  - Crawford, H.J.
AU  - Engelage, J.
AU  - Eppley, G.
AU  - Greiner, L.C.
AU  - Judd, E.G.
AU  - Klein, S.R.
AU  - Meissner, F.
AU  - Minor, R.
AU  - Milosevich, Z.
AU  - Mutchler, G.
AU  - Nelson, J.M.
AU  - Schambach, J.
AU  - VanderMolen, A.S.
AU  - Ward, H.
AU  - Yepes, P.
T1  - The STAR trigger
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 766
EP  - 777
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe the trigger system that we designed and implemented for the STAR detector at RHIC. This is a <f>10 MHz</f> pipelined system based on fast detector output that controls the event selection for the much slower tracking detectors. Results from the first run are presented and new detectors for the 2001 run are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16270214; Bieser, F.S. 1 Crawford, H.J. 2; Email Address: hjcrawford@lbl.gov Engelage, J. 2 Eppley, G. 3 Greiner, L.C. 2 Judd, E.G. 2 Klein, S.R. 1 Meissner, F. 1 Minor, R. 1 Milosevich, Z. 4 Mutchler, G. 3 Nelson, J.M. 5 Schambach, J. 6 VanderMolen, A.S. 7 Ward, H. 6 Yepes, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: University of California, Space Science Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Rice University, Houston, TX 77251 USA  4: Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  5: University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK  6: University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA  7: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p766; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01974-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270214&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adler, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany
AU  - Berger, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany
AU  - Demello, M.
AU  - Dietel, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany
AU  - Flierl, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany
AU  - Landgraf, J.
AU  - Lange, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany
AU  - LeVine, M.J.
AU  - Ljubicic Jr., A.
AU  - Nelson, J.
AU  - Roehrich, D.
AU  - Stock, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany
AU  - Struck, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany
AU  - Yepes, P.
T1  - The STAR Level-3 trigger system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 778
EP  - 791
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The STAR Level-3 trigger issues a trigger decision upon a complete online reconstruction of <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at relativistic heavy ion collider energies. Central interactions are processed up to a rate of <f>50 s-1</f> including a simple analysis of physics observables. The setup of the processor farm and the event reconstruction as well as experiences and the proposed trigger algorithms are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - IONS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - Nucleus–nucleus collisions
KW  - Proton–proton collisions
KW  - Trigger
N1  - Accession Number: 16270215; Adler, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany 1 Berger, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany 1 Demello, M. 2 Dietel, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany 1 Flierl, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany 1 Landgraf, J. 3 Lange, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany 1; Email Address: soeren@bnl.gov LeVine, M.J. 3 Ljubicic Jr., A. 3 Nelson, J. 4 Roehrich, D. 5 Stock, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany 1 Struck, ß</f>e 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany 1 Yepes, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Frankfurt, August-Euler-Stra  2: Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK  5: University of Bergen, Allegaten 55, 5007 Bergen, Norway; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p778; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleus–nucleus collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton–proton collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01975-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270215&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reichhold, D.
AU  - Bieser, F.
AU  - Bordua, M.
AU  - Cherney, M.
AU  - Chrin, J.
AU  - Dunlop, J.C.
AU  - Ferguson, M.I.
AU  - Ghazikhanian, V.
AU  - Gross, J.
AU  - Harper, G.
AU  - Howe, M.
AU  - Jacobson, S.
AU  - Klein, S.R.
AU  - Kravtsov, P.
AU  - Lewis, S.
AU  - Lin, J.
AU  - Lionberger, C.
AU  - LoCurto, G.
AU  - McParland, C.
AU  - McShane, T.
T1  - Hardware controls for the STAR experiment at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 792
EP  - 801
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The STAR detector sits in a high radiation area when operating normally; therefore it was necessary to develop a robust system to remotely control all hardware. The STAR hardware controls system monitors and controls approximately 14,000 parameters in the STAR detector. Voltages, currents, temperatures, and other parameters are monitored. Effort has been minimized by the adoption of experiment-wide standards and the use of pre-packaged software tools. The system is based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) . VME processors communicate with subsystem-based sensors over a variety of field busses, with High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) being the most prevalent. Other features of the system include interfaces to accelerator and magnet control systems, a web-based archiver, and C++-based communication between STAR online, run control and hardware controls and their associated databases. The system has been designed for easy expansion as new detector elements are installed in STAR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - ONLINE databases
KW  - HIGH-Level Data Link Control (Computer network protocol)
KW  - Control systems
KW  - EPICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16270216; Reichhold, D. 1; Email Address: reichhol@rcf.rhic.bnl.gov Bieser, F. 2 Bordua, M. 2 Cherney, M. 1 Chrin, J. 1 Dunlop, J.C. 3 Ferguson, M.I. 4 Ghazikhanian, V. 4 Gross, J. 1 Harper, G. 5 Howe, M. 5 Jacobson, S. 2 Klein, S.R. 2 Kravtsov, P. 6 Lewis, S. 2 Lin, J. 1 Lionberger, C. 2 LoCurto, G. 7 McParland, C. 2 McShane, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  4: University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  5: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  6: Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia  7: University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p792; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: ONLINE databases; Subject Term: HIGH-Level Data Link Control (Computer network protocol); Author-Supplied Keyword: Control systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01976-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matis, H.S.
AU  - Brown, R.L.
AU  - Christie, W.
AU  - Edwards, W.R.
AU  - Jared, R.
AU  - Minor, B.
AU  - Salz, P.
T1  - Integration and conventional systems at STAR
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 802
EP  - 813
SN  - 01689002
AB  - At the beginning of the design and construction of the STAR detector, the collaboration assigned a team of physicists and engineers the responsibility of coordinating the construction of the detector. This group managed the general space assignments for each sub-system and coordinated the assembly and planning for the detector. Furthermore, as this group was the only STAR group with the responsibility of looking at the system as a whole, the collaboration assigned it several tasks that spanned the different sub-detectors. These items included grounding, rack layout, cable distribution, electrical, power and water, and safety systems. This paper describes these systems and their performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - 29.90.+r
KW  - Grounding
KW  - Integration
KW  - RHIC
N1  - Accession Number: 16270217; Matis, H.S. 1; Email Address: hsmatis@lbl.gov Brown, R.L. 2 Christie, W. 2 Edwards, W.R. 3 Jared, R. 3 Minor, B. 3 Salz, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p802; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.90.+r; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grounding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: RHIC; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01977-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibbard, B.G.
AU  - Throwe, T.G.
T1  - The RHIC computing facility
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 814
EP  - 818
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A description of the RHIC Computing Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - 07.05.Bx
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Computing
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Physics
N1  - Accession Number: 16270218; Gibbard, B.G. 1 Throwe, T.G.; Email Address: throwe@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p814; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Bx; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01978-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270218&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chan, A.W.
AU  - Hogue, R.W.
AU  - Throwe, T.G.
AU  - Yanuklis, T.A.
T1  - The linux farms of the RHIC computing facility
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 499
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 819
EP  - 824
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A description of the history, current status and future of the Linux Compute Farms at the RHIC Computing Facility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
KW  - HISTORY
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - 07.05.Bx
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Cluster
KW  - Computing
KW  - Linux
N1  - Accession Number: 16270219; Chan, A.W. 1 Hogue, R.W. 1 Throwe, T.G.; Email Address: throwe@bnl.gov Yanuklis, T.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 499 Issue 2/3, p819; Subject Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); Subject Term: HISTORY; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Bx; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cluster; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linux; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01979-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16270219&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harlander, Robert
AU  - Kilgore, William
T1  - Scalar and pseudo-scalar Higgs production at hadron colliders
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 116
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 168
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The evaluation of the NNLO QCD corrections to the production of a scalar and a pseudo-scalar Higgs boson is described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - HIGGS bosons
N1  - Accession Number: 9900519; Harlander, Robert 1 Kilgore, William 2; Affiliation:  1: TH Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  2: HET, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 116 Issue 1-3, p168; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawson, S.
AU  - Orr, L.H.
AU  - Reina, L.
AU  - Wackeroth, D.
T1  - NLO QCD predictions for associated <F>t<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">t</OVL>h</F> production in hadronic collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 116
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present the next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD corrections to the inclusive total cross section for the production of a Higgs boson in association with a top anti-top quark pair within the Standard Model at the Tevatron and the LHC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - HIGGS bosons
N1  - Accession Number: 9900527; Dawson, S. 1 Orr, L.H. 2 Reina, L. 3 Wackeroth, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  3: Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  4: Department of Physics, SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 116 Issue 1-3, p207; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deile, M.
AU  - Bennett, G.W.
AU  - Bousquet, B.
AU  - Brown, H.N.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Carey, R.M.
AU  - Cushman, P.
AU  - Danby, G.T.
AU  - Debevec, P.T.
AU  - Deng, H.
AU  - Deninger, W.
AU  - Dhawan, S.K.
AU  - Druzhinin, V.P.
AU  - Duong, L.
AU  - Efstathiadis, E.
AU  - Farley, F.J.M.
AU  - Fedotovich, G.V.
AU  - Giron, S.
AU  - Gray, F.
AU  - Grigoriev, D.
T1  - News from the muon (g-2) experiment at BNL
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 116
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The magnetic moment anomaly <F>aμ = SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>(gμ − 2)</NU><DE>2</DE></FR></F> of the positive muon has been measured at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron with an uncertainty of 0.7 ppm. The new result, based on data taken in 2000, agrees well with previous measurements. Standard Model evaluations currently differ from the experimental result by 1.6 to 3.0 standard deviations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9900529; Deile, M. 1 Bennett, G.W. 2 Bousquet, B. 3 Brown, H.N. 2 Bunce, G. 2 Carey, R.M. 4 Cushman, P. 3 Danby, G.T. 2 Debevec, P.T. 5 Deng, H. 1 Deninger, W. 5 Dhawan, S.K. 1 Druzhinin, V.P. 6 Duong, L. 3 Efstathiadis, E. 4 Farley, F.J.M. 1 Fedotovich, G.V. 6 Giron, S. 3 Gray, F. 5 Grigoriev, D. 6; Affiliation:  1: Yale University, Physics Dept., New Haven, CT 06520, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Dept., Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: University of Minnesota, Physics Dept., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  4: Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA  5: University of Illinois, Physics Dept., Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA  6: Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 116 Issue 1-3, p215; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freitas, A.
AU  - Heinemeyer, S.
AU  - Weiglein, G.
T1  - Two-loop results for <F>MW</F> in the standard model and the MSSM
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 116
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Recent higher-order results for the prediction of the W-boson mass within the Standard Model are reviewed and an estimate of the remaining theoretical uncertainties of the electroweak precision observables is given. Furthermore, leading electroweak two-loop contributions to the precision observables within the MSSM are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 9900552; Freitas, A. 1 Heinemeyer, S. 2 Weiglein, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510-0550, USA  2: Institut für Theoretische Elementarteilchenphysik, LMU München, D-80333 Munich, Germany  3: Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 116 Issue 1-3, p331; Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marciano, William J.
T1  - RADCOR 2002: Conclusions and outlook
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 116
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
SN  - 09205632
AB  - General impressions of the RADCOR 2002 and Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory meeting are given. The connection between experiments and quantum loop effects is illustrated by recent developments: 1) A possible signal for “New Physics” when the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, <F>aμ</F>, and precision electroweak data embodied in <F>Δr(mH)</F> and <F>Δrˆ(mH)</F> are combined 2) a “strange” new twist in an old CKM unitarity test. An outlook for future expectations is also given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - MUONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9900573; Marciano, William J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 116 Issue 1-3, p437; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: MUONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - McWilliams, James C.
T1  - Anisotropic horizontal viscosity for ocean models
JO  - Ocean Modelling
JF  - Ocean Modelling
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 14635003
AB  - A consistent mathematical formulation of a horizontally anisotropic friction operator is developed for use as a subgrid-scale turbulence parameterization in ocean general circulation models. It is derived as the divergence of a deviatoric stress tensor that represents the traceless part of the Reynolds stress tensor. The stress tensor is assumed to depend linearly on the velocity gradients, has the property that no stresses are generated by uniform rotation, and the viscous coefficients can be chosen to ensure the friction terms are purely dissipative of kinetic energy. The anisotropy is determined by an arbitrary field of horizontal unit vectors <f>nˆ</f> that specify a preferred direction at each point in space which breaks the transverse isotropy. This direction may be aligned with east–west (e.g., to describe anisotropy associated with the beta effect), with gradients of topography, with the mean flow, or with any other preferred direction which is expected to break the horizontal isotropy of turbulent momentum dissipation. The general anisotropic formulation involves four viscous coefficients, compared to only two in the isotropic case. A reduced two-coefficient anisotropic form is derived by neglecting terms in the energy dissipation rate proportional to the horizontal velocity divergence, which in geophysical flows is small compared to typical horizontal velocity gradients. This form involves different viscosities in the directions parallel and perpendicular to <f>nˆ</f>. Experimental measurements of Reynolds stresses in self-preserving shear flows are shown to exhibit this type of anisotropy when <f>nˆ</f> is aligned with the mean flow. The two-coefficient form is evaluated in numerical simulations in a periodic zonal channel. A functional discretization of the operator which ensures positive-definite dissipation of kinetic energy is also presented in an appendix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ocean Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - VISCOSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 8807405; Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: rdsmith@lanl.gov McWilliams, James C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Group T-3, B-216, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 5 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McMahon, P.J.
AU  - Peele, A.G.
AU  - Paterson, D.
AU  - Lin, J.J.A.
AU  - Irving, T.H.K.
AU  - McNulty, I.
AU  - Nugent, K.A.
T1  - Quantitative X-ray phase tomography with sub-micron resolution
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 217
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 00304018
AB  - Tomographic X-ray phase reconstructions of an atomic force microscope tip with a spatial resolution of better than 900 nm are presented. The data was acquired using an X-ray energy of 1.83 keV using a zone plate based microscope at a third generation synchrotron, the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Laboratory. The phase tomographic data is quantitatively accurate and we confirm that the deduced refractive index is in agreement with the known properties of the sample. Our results open the way for full 3D imaging of the complex refractive index with sub-micron spatial resolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9144741; McMahon, P.J. 1 Peele, A.G. 1 Paterson, D. 1 Lin, J.J.A. 1 Irving, T.H.K. 1 McNulty, I. 2 Nugent, K.A. 1; Email Address: keithan@unimelb.edu.au; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 217 Issue 1-6, p53; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0030-4018(02)02281-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Finnemore, D.K.
T1  - An overview of the basic physical properties of MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The basic physical properties of MgB2 have been well established over the past two years of intensive research. At this point there is a general consensus about the values for the isotope shift, critical fields, most of the salient length scales, and general anisotropies. In this paper we will review the determination of these parameters and set the stage for further, more detailed discussions of specific aspects of the physics of MgB2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - ISOTOPE shift
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Critical current
KW  - Critical field
KW  - Isotope effect
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Transport properties
N1  - Accession Number: 8902663; Canfield, P.C.; Email Address: canfield@amseslab.gov Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Finnemore, D.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: ISOTOPE shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport properties; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ribeiro, R.A.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Petrovic, C.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Effects of boron purity, Mg stoichiometry and carbon substitution on properties of polycrystalline MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
SN  - 09214534
AB  - By synthesizing MgB2 using boron of different nominal purity we found values of the residual resistivity ratio (<f>RRR=R(300 K)/R(42 K)</f>) from 4 to 20, which covers almost all values found in literature. To obtain high values of <f>RRR</f>, high purity reagents are necessary. With the isotopically pure boron we obtained the highest <f>RRR∼20</f> for the stoichiometric compound. We also investigated Mg<f>x</f>11B2 samples with <f>0.8<x<1.2</f>. For the range Mg0.811B2 up to Mg1.211B2 we found average values of <f>RRR</f> between 14 and 24. For smaller variations in stoichiometry (<f>x=1±0.1</f>) <f>RRR=18±3</f>. All of our data point to the conclusion that high <f>RRR</f> (∼20) and low <f>ρ0</f> (<f>&les;</f>0.4 <f>μΩ</f> cm) are intrinsic material properties associated with high purity MgB2. In addition we have performed initial work on optimizing the formation of carbon doped MgB2 via the use of B4C. Nearly single phase material can be formed by reaction of nominal Mg(B0.8C0.2)2 for 24 h at 1200 °C. The <f>Tc</f> for this composition is between 21.9 and 22.7 K (depending on criterion). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - Carbon doping
KW  - Materials preparation
KW  - Stoichiometry
KW  - Transport properties
N1  - Accession Number: 8902665; Ribeiro, R.A.; Email Address: ribeiro@ameslab.gov Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Petrovic, C. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p16; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Materials preparation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stoichiometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport properties; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazin, I.I.
AU  - Antropov, V.P.
T1  - Electronic structure, electron–phonon coupling, and multiband effects in MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We review the current situation in the theory of superconducting and transport properties of MgB2. First principle calculations of the electronic structure and electron–phonon coupling are discussed and compared with the experiment. We also present a brief description of the multiband effects in superconductivity and transport, and how these manifest themselves in MgB2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - Band theory
KW  - Electron–phonon interaction
KW  - Multi-gap superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 8902669; Mazin, I.I. 1 Antropov, V.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Code 6391, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, DC 20375, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p49; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–phonon interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-gap superconductivity; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi, Hyoung Joon
AU  - Cohen, Marvin L.
AU  - Louie, Steven G.
T1  - Anisotropic Eliashberg theory of MgB2: <f>Tc</f>, isotope effects, superconducting energy gaps, quasiparticles, and specific heat
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The anisotropic Eliashberg formalism, employing results from the ab initio pseudopotential density functional calculations, is applied to study the superconducting properties of MgB2. It is shown that the relatively high transition temperature of MgB2 originates from strong electron–phonon coupling of the hole states in the boron <f>σ</f>-bonds although the coupling strength averaged over the Fermi surface is moderate, and the reduction of the isotope effect arises from the large anharmonicity of the relevant phonons. The superconducting energy gap is nodeless but its value varies strongly on different pieces of the Fermi surface. The gap values <f>Δ(k)</f> cluster into two groups at low temperature, a small value of ∼2 meV and a large value of ∼7 meV, resulting in two thresholds in the quasiparticle density of states and an increase in the specific heat at low temperature due to quasiparticle excitations over the small gap. All of these results are in good agreement with corresponding experiments and support the view that MgB2 is a phonon-mediated multiple-gap superconductor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - Band structure
KW  - Eliashberg theory
KW  - Fermi surface
KW  - Isotope effect
KW  - Multi-gap superconductivity
KW  - Phonons
KW  - Specific heat
N1  - Accession Number: 8902670; Choi, Hyoung Joon 1 Cohen, Marvin L. 1,2 Louie, Steven G. 1,2; Email Address: sglouie@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, 366 LeConte Hall 7300, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p66; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eliashberg theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-gap superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, J.R.
AU  - Carrington, A.
AU  - Meeson, P.J.
AU  - Yelland, E.A.
AU  - Hussey, N.E.
AU  - Balicas, L.
AU  - Tajima, S.
AU  - Lee, S.
AU  - Kazakov, S.M.
AU  - Karpinski, J.
T1  - de Haas–van Alphen effect in MgB2 crystals
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 09214534
AB  - In this paper we review and expand our previous report concerning the observation of de Haas–van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations in single crystals of the high temperature superconductor MgB2. The analysis of these oscillations provides an important and precise check of band-structure calculations, as well as a measure of the many body electron–phonon interactions, which enhance the quasi-particle effective masses and give rise to superconductivity. Orbits are observed on both the <f>σ</f> and <f>π</f> bands, with dHvA frequencies in good agreement with recent calculations. By comparing the measured quasi-particle effective masses with band masses calculated recently by three groups, we find that the electron–phonon coupling strength <f>λ</f> is a factor ∼3 larger on the 2D <f>σ</f> orbits than on the 3D <f>π</f> orbits, in accord with recent microscopic calculations. We are therefore able to verify two of the key ingredients in the two-gap model of superconductivity in this compound, namely the Fermi surface topology and the disparity in the electron–phonon coupling for the <f>σ</f> and <f>π</f> bands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Band structure
KW  - Cyclotron orbits
KW  - Fermi surface
KW  - Quantum oscillations
N1  - Accession Number: 8902671; Cooper, J.R. 1; Email Address: jrc19@cam.ac.uk Carrington, A. 2 Meeson, P.J. 2 Yelland, E.A. 1 Hussey, N.E. 2 Balicas, L. 3 Tajima, S. 4 Lee, S. 4 Kazakov, S.M. 5 Karpinski, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK  2: H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  4: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, Tokyo 135-0062, Japan  5: Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p75; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclotron orbits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum oscillations; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
T1  - The isotope effect and phonons in MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
SN  - 09214534
AB  - MgB2 shows a large isotopic effect coefficient for B and a negligible coefficient for Mg. The total isotope effect is reduced from 0.5, a value that might be expected for a BCS, phonon-mediated, sp superconductor. Recent work reconciling this lower total isotope effect is reviewed with regard to the unique nature of MgB2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - Electron–phonon interaction
KW  - Isotope effect
KW  - Transition temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 8902674; Hinks, D.G.; Email Address: hinks@anl.gov Jorgensen, J.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 223, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p98; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: PHONONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–phonon interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deemyad, S.
AU  - Tomita, T.
AU  - Hamlin, J.J.
AU  - Beckett, B.R.
AU  - Schilling, J.S.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Lee, S.
AU  - Tajima, S.
T1  - Dependence of the superconducting transition temperature of single and polycrystalline MgB2 on hydrostatic pressure
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The dependence of <f>Tc</f> for MgB2 on purely hydrostatic or nearly hydrostatic pressure has been determined to 29 GPa for single-crystalline and to 32 GPa for polycrystalline samples, and found to be in good agreement. <f>Tc</f> decreases from 39 K at ambient pressure to 15 K at 32 GPa with an initial slope <f>dTc/dP≃−1.11(2)</f> K/GPa. Evidence is presented that the differing values of <f>dTc/dP</f> reported in the literature may result primarily from shear-stress effects in nonhydrostatic pressure media rather than from differences in the samples. Although comparison of these results with theory supports phonon-mediated superconductivity, a critical test of theory must await calculations based on the solution of the anisotropic Eliashberg equations as a function of the lattice parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TRANSITION temperature
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Hydrostatic pressure
KW  - Single crystal
KW  - Transition temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 8902676; Deemyad, S. 1 Tomita, T. 1 Hamlin, J.J. 1 Beckett, B.R. 1 Schilling, J.S. 1; Email Address: schill@wuphys.wustl.edu Hinks, D.G. 2 Jorgensen, J.D. 2 Lee, S. 3 Tajima, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington University, C.B. 1105, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, 1-10-13 Shinonome, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0062, Japan; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p105; Subject Term: TRANSITION temperature; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrostatic pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition temperature; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Rydh, A.
AU  - Karapetrov, G.
AU  - Kwok, W.K.
AU  - Crabtree, G.W.
AU  - Marcenat, C.
AU  - Paulius, L.M.
AU  - Lyard, L.
AU  - Klein, T.
AU  - Marcus, J.
AU  - Blanchard, S.
AU  - Samuely, P.
AU  - Szabo, P.
AU  - Jansen, A.G.M.
AU  - Kim, K.H.P.
AU  - Jung, C.U.
AU  - Lee, H.-S.
AU  - Kang, B.
AU  - Lee, S.-I.
T1  - Superconducting phase diagram of single-crystal MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 154
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The superconducting phase diagram of single-crystal MgB2 has been determined using magnetization, magneto-transport and specific heat measurements. A value of 9.4 nm is found for the zero-temperature in-plane coherence length. The superconducting anisotropy coefficient, <f>γ</f>, increases monotonously from a value around 2 near <f>Tc</f> to 4.5 at low temperature. The current dependence and angular dependence of the resistive transitions give evidence for a surface superconducting state for <f>H&par;c</f> which might account for the wide spread in reported values of the superconducting anisotropy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Single crystal
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Transport
KW  - Upper critical field
KW  - Vortex phase diagram
N1  - Accession Number: 8902682; Welp, U. 1; Email Address: welp@anl.gov Rydh, A. 1 Karapetrov, G. 1 Kwok, W.K. 1 Crabtree, G.W. 1 Marcenat, C. 2 Paulius, L.M. 2 Lyard, L. 2,3 Klein, T. 3 Marcus, J. 3 Blanchard, S. 3 Samuely, P. 4 Szabo, P. 4 Jansen, A.G.M. 5 Kim, K.H.P. 6 Jung, C.U. 6 Lee, H.-S. 6 Kang, B. 6 Lee, S.-I. 6; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Départment de Recherche Fondamentale sur la Matière Condensée, SPSMS, CEA-Grenoble, 38054 Grenoble, France  3: Laboratoire d’Etude des Proprietes des Solides, CNRS, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble, France  4: Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-04353 Kosice, Slovakia  5: Grenoble High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Max-Planck-Institute für Festkörperfor-schung, CNRS, B.P. 166, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France  6: Department of Physics, NCRICS, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p154; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Upper critical field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex phase diagram; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vinnikov, L.Ya.
AU  - Karpinski, J.
AU  - Kazakov, S.M.
AU  - Jun, J.
AU  - Anderegg, J.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Bitter decoration of vortex structure in MgB2 single crystals
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The Bitter decoration technique has been used to observe vortices in the superconducting state of single crystal MgB2. Experiments in low applied magnetic field (<f>B&ap;4.4</f> G) allow for the estimation of the London penetration depth, <f>λ</f>, to be approximately 1900 A˚ for <f>T&ap;6</f> K. Experiments in higher applied fields (<f>B&ap;200</f> G) unambiguously show a triangular vortex lattice in both real space (a larger than <f>10 μm×10 μm</f> image of over 1000 vortices) as well as in reciprocal space. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Penetration depth
KW  - Single crystal
KW  - Vortex decoration
KW  - Vortex lattice
N1  - Accession Number: 8902686; Vinnikov, L.Ya. 1; Email Address: vinnik@issp1.issp.ac.ru Karpinski, J. 2 Kazakov, S.M. 2 Jun, J. 2 Anderegg, J. 3 Bud’ko, S.L. 3 Canfield, P.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia  2: Solid State Physics Laboratory, ETH 8093 Zürich, Switzerland  3: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p177; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Penetration depth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex decoration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex lattice; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fisher, R.A.
AU  - Li, Guangtao
AU  - Lashley, J.C.
AU  - Bouquet, F.
AU  - Phillips, N.E.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Crabtree, G.W.
T1  - Specific heat of Mg11B2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We report specific-heat measurements on two samples of Mg11B2, one powder and one sintered, that give essentially identical results. Both samples are of exceptionally high quality: At the critical temperature the discontinuity in specific heat is higher than that of other samples, the transition is sharper than for most samples, and the signature feature of the small, non-BCS energy gap is particularly pronounced. The results are compared with a phenomenological model for a multi-gap superconductor, with band-structure calculations, and with spectroscopic determinations of the energy gaps. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - Multi-gap superconductivity
KW  - Phonons
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Vortices
N1  - Accession Number: 8902687; Fisher, R.A. 1 Li, Guangtao 1 Lashley, J.C. 1 Bouquet, F. 1 Phillips, N.E. 1; Email Address: nephill@cchem.berkeley.edu Hinks, D.G. 2 Jorgensen, J.D. 2 Crabtree, G.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p180; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-gap superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iavarone, M.
AU  - Karapetrov, G.
AU  - Koshelev, A.E.
AU  - Kwok, W.K.
AU  - Crabtree, G.W.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Cook, R.
AU  - Kang, W.N.
AU  - Choi, E.M.
AU  - Kim, H.J.
AU  - Lee, S.I.
T1  - Directional scanning tunneling spectroscopy in MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The superconductivity in MgB2 has a two-band character with the dominating band having a 2D character and the second band being isotropic in the three dimensions. We use tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to reveal the two distinct energy gaps at <f>Δ1=2.3</f> meV and <f>Δ2=7.1</f> meV. Different spectral weights of the partial superconducting density of states are a reflection of different tunneling directions in this multi-band system. The results are consistent with the existence of two-band superconductivity in the presence of strong interband superconducting pair interaction and quasiparticle scattering. The temperature evolution of the tunneling spectra shows both gaps vanishing at the bulk <f>Tc</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - Multi-gap superconductivity
KW  - Scanning tunneling spectroscopy
KW  - STM
N1  - Accession Number: 8902691; Iavarone, M. 1; Email Address: maria@anl.gov Karapetrov, G. 1 Koshelev, A.E. 1 Kwok, W.K. 1 Crabtree, G.W. 1 Hinks, D.G. 1 Cook, R. 1 Kang, W.N. 2 Choi, E.M. 2 Kim, H.J. 2 Lee, S.I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: NCRICS and Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p215; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-gap superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: STM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmidt, H.
AU  - Zasadzinski, J.F.
AU  - Gray, K.E.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
T1  - Break-junction tunneling on MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Tunneling data on magnesium diboride, MgB2, are reviewed with a particular focus on superconductor–insulator–superconductor (SIS) junctions formed by a break-junction method. The collective tunneling literature reveals two distinct energy scales, a large gap, <f>ΔL∼7.2</f> meV, close to the expected BCS value, and a small gap, <f>ΔS∼2.4</f> meV. The SIS break junctions show clearly that the small gap closes near the bulk critical temperature, <f>Tc=39</f> K. The SIS spectra allow proximity effects to be ruled out as the cause for the small gap and therefore make a strong case that MgB2 is a coupled, two-band superconductor. While the break junctions sometimes reveal parallel contributions to the conductance from both bands, it is more often found that <f>ΔS</f> dominates the spectra. In these cases, a subtle feature is observed near <f>ΔS+ΔL</f> that is reminiscent of strong-coupling effects. This feature is consistent with quasiparticle scattering contributions to the interband coupling which provides an important insight into the nature of two-band superconductivity in MgB2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - TUNNELING spectroscopy
KW  - Break junction
KW  - Multi-gap superconductivity
KW  - Tunneling spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 8902692; Schmidt, H. 1,2; Email Address: hschmidt@anl.gov Zasadzinski, J.F. 1,2 Gray, K.E. 1 Hinks, D.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Physics Division, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p221; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: TUNNELING spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Break junction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-gap superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tunneling spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finnemore, D.K.
AU  - Straszheim, W.E.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
AU  - Anderson Jr., N.E.
AU  - Suplinskas, R.J.
T1  - CVD routes to MgB2 conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Processing methods are described for the development of magnesium diboride wire using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to produce long lengths of suitably doped starting boron fiber. It is found that titanium can be co-deposited with the boron to make long lengths of doped fiber that contain both TiB and TiB2. When this fiber is reacted in Mg vapor to transform boron into MgB2, the resulting conductor has a superconducting critical current density of about <f>5×106</f> A/cm2 at 5 K and self-field. The critical current density at 25 K and 1 T is 10,000 A/cm2. Using optical methods to define grain boundaries and energy dispersive X-rays to determine Ti and Mg concentration, these samples show a fine dispersion of Ti through out the grains and no conspicuous precipitation of TiB2 on the MgB2 grain boundaries. This is to be contrasted with the precipitation of TiB2 on MgB2 grain boundaries observed for samples prepared by solid state reaction of Ti, Mg, and B powders. Introducing Ti impurities into the B during the CVD deposition of the B gives a distribution of TiB2 in the resulting MgB2 different from solid state reaction of powders. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Boron fiber
KW  - Chemical vapour deposition
KW  - Critical current
KW  - Grain structure
KW  - Wire
N1  - Accession Number: 8902698; Finnemore, D.K. 1; Email Address: finnemor@ameslab.gov Straszheim, W.E. 1 Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1 Anderson Jr., N.E. 1 Suplinskas, R.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Specialty Materials, Inc., 1449 Middlesex Street, Lowell, MA 01851, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p278; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical vapour deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Genetay, I.
AU  - Maurice, S.
AU  - Feldman, W.C.
AU  - Gasnault, O.
AU  - Lawrence, D.J.
AU  - Elphic, R.C.
AU  - d'Uston, C.
AU  - Binder, A.B.
T1  - Elemental content from 0 to <f>500 keV</f> neutrons: Lunar Prospector results
JO  - Planetary & Space Science
JF  - Planetary & Space Science
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 00320633
AB  - Neutron spectroscopy is a new way to study planetary bodies that have sufficiently thin atmospheres. This technique was demonstrated for the first time with Lunar Prospector around the Moon. Here, we report results for moderated neutrons having energies from 0 to <f>500 keV</f> that were measured using the anti-coincidence shield (ACS) of the gamma-ray spectrometer. We describe the detection method, followed by data reduction with an emphasis on each data processing step; most steps rely on in-flight calibrations. The behavior of the ACS is well known regarding the measurement of moderated neutrons. We present a map of 0–<f>500 keV</f> neutrons over the whole Moon with a spatial resolution of <f>∼60 km</f>. Statistical errors per pixel are less than 2%. The resulting map includes information about the hydrogen content, concentrations of Fe, Ti, traces of Sm and Gd, and the atomic mass of the regolith. These data complement other neutron products of Lunar Prospector, namely thermal (0–<f>0.4 eV</f>), epithermal (0.4–<f>100 eV</f>) and fast (0.5–<f>8 MeV</f>) neutrons. The previous unexplored region between <f>100 eV</f> and <f>500 keV</f> reveals several high counting rate regions that are also visible in epithermal neutron data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Planetary & Space Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Elemental composition
KW  - Moon
KW  - Neutron physics
KW  - Planetary surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 9340248; Genetay, I. 1; Maurice, S. 1; Email Address: maurice@ast.obs-mip.fr; Feldman, W.C. 2; Gasnault, O. 2; Lawrence, D.J. 2; Elphic, R.C. 2; d'Uston, C. 1; Binder, A.B. 3; Affiliations: 1: Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31 400 Toulouse, France; 2: Space and Atmospheric Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; 3: Lunar Research Institute, Tucson, AZ, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p271; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject Term: Neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elemental composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Planetary surfaces; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0032-0633(02)00152-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lucht, Robert P.
AU  - Roy, Sukesh
AU  - Reichardt, Thomas A.
T1  - Calculation of radiative transition rates for polarized laser radiation
JO  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
JF  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 03601285
AB  - The calculation of laser-induced radiative transition rates for electric-dipole transitions is reviewed. The effects of laser polarization can only be understood by considering the Zeeman structure of energy levels. In particular, the case of laser coupling of degenerate levels is considered by including the Zeeman structure of the upper and lower energy levels. The interaction of the laser radiation with the atomic or molecular resonance is formulated in terms of the density matrix. The electric-dipole matrix elements are written as the product of a scalar quantity, the reduced density matrix element, and a vector quantity that is a function of the angular momentum quantum numbers J and magnetic quantum numbers M for the upper and lower Zeeman states. The calculation of absorption and stimulated emission rates, absorption coefficients, and susceptibilities for the limiting case of an isotropic medium is reviewed. Polarization effects in laser-induced fluorescence are reviewed, and the theoretical framework for the analysis of these effects is developed. The calculation of polarization spectroscopy signals and of polarization effects in resonant four-wave mixing are discussed. The effects of hyperfine structure in diatomic molecules are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Energy & Combustion Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Laser beams
KW  - Optical polarization
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Emission
KW  - Laser diagnostics
KW  - Laser-induced fluorescence
KW  - Polarization spectroscopy
KW  - Resonant four-wave mixing
N1  - Accession Number: 9572637; Lucht, Robert P. 1; Email Address: lucht@ecn.purdue.edu; Roy, Sukesh 2; Reichardt, Thomas A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, 1288 Mechanical Engineering Building, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1288, USA; 2: Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc., 2766 Indian Ripple Road, Dayton, OH 45440-3638, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-9056, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p115; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Subject Term: Laser beams; Subject Term: Optical polarization; Subject Term: Fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant four-wave mixing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-1285(02)00044-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naidja, A.
AU  - Krishna, C.R.
AU  - Butcher, T.
AU  - Mahajan, D.
T1  - Cool flame partial oxidation and its role in combustion and reforming of fuels for fuel cell systems
JO  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
JF  - Progress in Energy & Combustion Science
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 03601285
AB  - The purpose of this review was to integrate the most recent and relevant investigations on the auto-oxidation of fuel oils and their reforming into hydrogen-rich gas that could serve as a feed for fuel cells and combustion systems. We consider the incorporation of partial oxidation under cool flame conditions to be a significant step in the reforming process for generation of hydrogen-rich gas. Therefore, we have paid particular attention to the partial oxidation of fuels at low temperature in the cool flame region. This is still not a well-understood feature in the oxidation of fuels and can potentially serve as a precursor to low NO<f>x</f> emissions and low soot formation. Pretreatment, including atomization, vaporization and burner technology are also briefly reviewed. The oxidation of reference fuels (n-heptane C7H16, iso-octane C8H18 and to a lesser extent cetane C16H34) in the intermediate and high temperature ranges have been studied extensively and it is examined here to show the significant progress made in modeling the kinetics and mechanisms, and in the evaluation of ignition delay times. However, due to the complex nature of real fuels such as petroleum distillates (diesel and jet fuel) and biofuels, much less is known on the kinetics and mechanisms of their oxidation, as well as on the resulting reaction products formed during partial oxidation. The rich literature on the oxidation of fuels is, hence, limited to the cited main reference fuels. We have also covered recent developments in the catalytic reforming of fuels. In the presence of catalysts, the fuels can be reformed through partial oxidation, steam reforming and autothermal reforming (ATR) to generate hydrogen. But optimum routes to produce cost effective hydrogen fuel from conventional or derivative fuels are still debatable. It is suggested that the use of products emanating from partial oxidation of fuels under cool flame conditions could be attractive in such reforming processes, but this is as yet untested. The exploitation of developments in oxidation, combustion and reforming processes is always impacted by the resulting emission of pollutants, including NOx, SOx, CO and soot, which have an impact on the health of the fragile ecosystem. Attention is paid to the progress made in innovative techniques developed to reduce the level of pollutants resulting from oxidation and reforming processes. In the last part, we summarize the present status of the topics covered and present prospects for future research. This information forms the basis for recommended themes that are vital in developing the next generation energy-efficient combustion and fuel cell technologies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Energy & Combustion Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Fuel cells
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Cool flame
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Reforming
N1  - Accession Number: 9572639; Naidja, A. 1; Krishna, C.R. 1; Butcher, T. 1; Mahajan, D.; Email Address: dmahajan@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Building 815, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p155; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Fuel cells; Thesaurus Term: Combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cool flame; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reforming; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-1285(03)00018-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wunderlich, B.
T1  - Reversible crystallization and the rigid–amorphous phase in semicrystalline macromolecules
JO  - Progress in Polymer Science
JF  - Progress in Polymer Science
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
SN  - 00796700
AB  - Linear, flexible macromolecules in the semicrystalline state have long been recognized as being globally metastable and divided into microphases and nanophases with strong, covalent bonds crossing the phase boundaries. The different phases can be crystals, mesophases, liquids, and glasses. The glasses may have structures which correspond to liquids or mesophases and can exist even above the glass transition temperature of the mobile macrophase as rigid–amorphous fractions. This multilevel structure causes rather unique properties which vary with the thermal and mechanical history of the materials. Temperature-modulated calorimetry and related techniques which can separate equilibrium and nonequilibrium responses are ideal for the analysis of such structures. The techniques of thermal analysis needed to separate reversible from irreversible processes is described, and the transitions of the rigid–amorphous phase and the major reversible processes involving latent heats is discussed on hand of the literature. As baselines for this discussion, the vibrational heat capacity of crystals and glasses of the ATHAS Data Bank will be used. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Polymer Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - Crystallinity
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Latent heat
KW  - Nanophase
KW  - Oligomers
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Reversible and irreversible melting
KW  - Rigid amorphous fraction
KW  - Temperature-modulated calorimetry
N1  - Accession Number: 8620330; Wunderlich, B. 1,2; Email Address: wunderlich@chartertn.net; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Science Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p383; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallinity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latent heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanophase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oligomers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reversible and irreversible melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rigid amorphous fraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature-modulated calorimetry; Number of Pages: 68p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Briner, J.P.
AU  - Miller, G.H.
AU  - Davis, P.T.
AU  - Bierman, P.R.
AU  - Caffee, M.
T1  - Last Glacial Maximum ice sheet dynamics in Arctic Canada inferred from young erratics perched on ancient tors
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5-7
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
SN  - 02773791
AB  - A long-standing debate regarding the reconstruction of former ice sheets revolves around the use of relative weathering of landscapes, i.e., the assumption that highly weathered landscapes have not been recently glaciated. New cosmogenic isotope measurements from upland bedrock surfaces and erratics along the northeastern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) shed light on this debate. 10Be and 26Al concentrations from three perched erratics, yielding cosmogenic exposure ages of 17–11 ka, are much lower than those measured in two unmodified, highly weathered tors upon which they lie, which yield cosmogenic exposure ages of >60 ka. These findings suggest that non-erosive ice covered weathered upland surfaces along the northeastern margin of the LIS during the last glacial maximum. These data challenge the use of relative weathering to define the margins of Pleistocene ice sheets. The juxtaposition of non-erosive ice over upland plateaus and erosive ice in adjacent fiords requires strong gradients in basal thermal regimes, suggestive of an ice-stream mode of glaciation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Science Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLACIAL climates
KW  - CARBON isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 9230926; Briner, J.P. 1; Email Address: jason.briner@colorado.edu Miller, G.H. 1 Davis, P.T. 2 Bierman, P.R. 3 Caffee, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA  2: Department of Natural Sciences, Bentley College, Waltham, MA 02454, USA  3: Geology Department and School of Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA  4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 22 Issue 5-7, p437; Subject Term: GLACIAL climates; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00003-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Environmental foresight and models: a manifesto: Edited by M.B. Beck, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Hardback, ISBN: 0-08-044086-X; 2002, 473pp
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 332
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 9144062; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technical Division, MS 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p332; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(02)00150-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luce, Rick
AU  - Giacomo, Mariella Di
T1  - Personalized and Collaborative Digital Library Capabilities; Responding to the Changing Nature of Scientific Research.
JO  - Science & Technology Libraries
JF  - Science & Technology Libraries
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 152
SN  - 0194262X
AB  - Changes in the nature of scientific research have created new expectations for libraries supporting research. Several digital library initiatives offer customized digital library environments; however, these services typically do not provide users with personalized and shared collaborative environments. My Library at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) provides scientists (as individuals or groups) with a personalized Web environment enhancing scientific collaboration independent of time and location. One of the unique characteristics of this capability is the ability to push recommendations to users and adapt the system further based on user interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science & Technology Libraries is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIGITAL libraries
KW  - ELECTRONIC information resources
KW  - INFORMATION services
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - WORLD Wide Web
KW  - collaboration.
KW  - Digital libraries. recommendation systems
KW  - personalization
KW  - LOS Alamos National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 14387290; Luce, Rick 1; Email Address: luce@lanl.gov Giacomo, Mariella Di 2; Email Address: mariella@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Research Library Director and Library Without Walls Project Leader, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  2: Software Engineer, Library Without Walls, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1/2, p135; Subject Term: DIGITAL libraries; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC information resources; Subject Term: INFORMATION services; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: WORLD Wide Web; Author-Supplied Keyword: collaboration.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital libraries. recommendation systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: personalization; Company/Entity: LOS Alamos National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J122v24n01_09
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinho, H.
AU  - Rettori, C.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Martin, A.A.
AU  - Moreno, N.O.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Role of the E2g phonon in the superconductivity of MgB2: a Raman scattering study
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 125
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Temperature-dependent Raman scattering studies in polycrystalline MgB2 <f>(10<T<300 K)</f> reveal that the E2g phonon does not experience any self-energy renormalization effect across the superconducting critical temperature <f>TC&ap;39</f> K, in contrast with most of the current theoretical models. In the presence of our results, those models must be reviewed. The analysis of the temperature dependence of the E2g phonon frequency yields an isobaric Gru¨neisen parameter of <f>&z.sfnc;γE2g&z.sfnc;&lsim;1,</f> smaller than the value of 3.9 obtained from isothermal Raman experiments under pressure. It is suggested that this apparent disagreement can be explained in terms of pressure-induced changes of the topology of the Fermi surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - A. Superconductors
KW  - D. Phonons
KW  - E. Inelastic light scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 9007968; Martinho, H. 1; Email Address: hercules@ifi.unicamp.br Rettori, C. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 1 Martin, A.A. 2 Moreno, N.O. 3 Sarrao, J.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Fısica “Gleb Wataghin” UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil  2: Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento—UNIVAP, 12.244-050, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 125 Issue 9, p499; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHONONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phonons; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Inelastic light scattering; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(02)00877-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9007968&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Podobnik, Marjetka
AU  - Weitze, Tanya F.
AU  - O'Donnell, Mike
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Nucleotide-Induced Conformational Changes in an Isolated Escherichia coli DNA Polymerase III Clamp Loader Subunit
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Sliding clamps are loaded onto DNA by ATP-driven clamp loader complexes. The structure of the E. coli clamp loader in a nucleotide-free state has been determined previously. We now report crystal structures of a truncated form of the isolated γ-ATPase subunit, γ1–243, of the E. coli clamp loader, in nucleotide-free and bound forms. The γ subunit adopts a defined conformation when empty, in which the nucleotide binding site is blocked. The binding of either ATPγS or ADP, which are shown to bind with equal affinity to γ1–243, induces a change in the relative orientation of the two domains such that nucleotides can be accommodated. This change would break one of the γ:γ interfaces seen in the empty clamp loader complex, and may represent one step in the activation process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - γ
KW  - AAA+ ATPase
KW  - clamp loader
KW  - DNA polymerase III
KW  - replication factor C (RFC)
KW  - subunit
N1  - Accession Number: 9233157; Podobnik, Marjetka 1 Weitze, Tanya F. 1 O'Donnell, Mike 2 Kuriyan, John 1,3,4; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p253; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: AAA+ ATPase; Author-Supplied Keyword: clamp loader; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA polymerase III; Author-Supplied Keyword: replication factor C (RFC); Author-Supplied Keyword: subunit; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheuring, István
AU  - Károlyi, György
AU  - Toroczkai, Zoltán
AU  - Tél, Tamás
AU  - Péntek, Áron
T1  - Competing populations in flows with chaotic mixing
JO  - Theoretical Population Biology
JF  - Theoretical Population Biology
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 63
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 00405809
AB  - We investigate the effects of spatial heterogeneity on the coexistence of competing species in the case when the heterogeneity is dynamically generated by environmental flows with chaotic mixing properties. We show that one effect of chaotic advection on the passively advected species (such as phytoplankton, or self-replicating macro-molecules) is the possibility of coexistence of more species than that limited by the number of niches they occupy. We derive a novel set of dynamical equations for competing populations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical Population Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological heterogeneity
KW  - Phytoplankton
N1  - Accession Number: 9194374; Scheuring, István 1; Email Address: shieazsf@ludens.elte.hu; Károlyi, György 2,3; Toroczkai, Zoltán 4; Tél, Tamás 5; Péntek, Áron 6; Affiliations: 1: Department of Plant Taxonomy and Ecology, Research Group of Ecology and Theoretical Biology, Eötvös University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/c, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; 2: Program in Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona 617 North Santa Rita, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; 3: Department of Structural Mechanics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; 4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 5: Institute for Theoretical Physics, Eötvös University, P. O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary; 6: Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0238, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 63 Issue 2, p77; Thesaurus Term: Ecological heterogeneity; Thesaurus Term: Phytoplankton; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-5809(02)00035-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A.
AU  - Or, Dani
T1  - Stress-induced volume reduction of isolated pores in wet soil.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - This study deals with deformation of small pores in wet soils of relatively high bulk density such as in the final settlement phase of tilled or disturbed soils. Pore deformation was modeled by volume reduction of spherical voids embedded in a homogenous soil matrix. External constant stress and overburden were considered as steady stresses because the change in interaggregate contact stress under overburden is slow compared to the associated strain rate. In contrast, stress due to passage of farm implements was considered as transient because the rate of change of interaggregate stress is comparable with the strain rate. Rheological behavior of the soil matrix under steady and transient stresses was obtained from independent rheological measurements. Experimental data from the literature were used to illustrate the model. Model predictions of relative density compared favorably with experimental data for constant stress application as well as for constant strain rate experiments. Results showed that the rate of densification decreased as the relative density approached unity (complete pore closure) and the relative stress required for driving densification increased exponentially with increasing relative density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - densification
KW  - pore size
KW  - rheology
KW  - strain
KW  - stress
KW  - water content
N1  - Accession Number: 87143959; Ghezzehei, Teamrat A. 1,2; Or, Dani 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Plants, Soils and Biometeorology, Utah State University; 2: Now at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.; 3: Now at University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 3, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: densification; Author-Supplied Keyword: pore size; Author-Supplied Keyword: rheology; Author-Supplied Keyword: strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: water content; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001137
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87143959&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
AU  - Yarrington, Lane
T1  - Mechanistic modeling of fingering, nonmonotonicity, fragmentation, and pulsation within gravity/buoyant destabilized two-phase/unsaturated flow.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Fingering, nonmonotonicity, fragmentation, and pulsation within gravity/buoyant destabilized two-phase/unsaturated flow systems has been widely observed with examples in homogeneous to heterogeneous porous media, in single fractures to fracture networks, and for both wetting and nonwetting invasion. To model this phenomena, we consider a mechanistic approach based on forms of modified invasion percolation (MIP) that include gravity, the influence of the local interfacial curvature along the phase-phase interface, and the simultaneous invasion and reinvasion of both wetting and nonwetting fluids. We present example simulations and compare them to experimental data for three very different situations: (1) downward gravity-driven fingering of water into a dry, homogeneous, water-wettable, porous medium; (2) upward buoyancy-driven migration of gas within a water saturated, heterogeneous, water-wettable, porous medium; and (3) downward gravity-driven fingering of water into a dry, water-wettable, rough-walled fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fingering
KW  - fractures
KW  - instability
KW  - modified invasion percolation
KW  - preferential flow
KW  - pulsation
N1  - Accession Number: 87143976; Glass, Robert J. 1; Yarrington, Lane 1; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 3, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: fingering; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractures; Author-Supplied Keyword: instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: modified invasion percolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001542
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87143976&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - Solute spreading in nonstationary flows in bounded, heterogeneous unsaturated-saturated media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - It is commonly assumed in stochastic solute (advective) transport models that either the velocity field is stationary (statistically homogeneous) or the mean flow is unidirectional. In this study, using a Lagrangian approach, we develop a general stochastic model for transport in variably saturated flow in randomly heterogeneous porous media. The mean flow in the model is multidirectional, and the velocity field can be nonstationary (with location-dependent statistics). The nonstationarity of the velocity field may be caused by statistical nonhomogeneity of medium properties or complex boundary configurations. The particle's mean position is determined using the mean Lagrangian velocity. Particle spreading (the displacement covariances) is expressed in terms of the state transition matrix that satisfies a time-varying dynamic equation whose coefficient matrix is the derivative of the mean Lagrangian velocity field. In the special cases of stationary velocity fields the transition matrix becomes the identical matrix, and our model reduces to the well-known model of Dagan [1984]. For nonstationary but unidirectional flow fields our model reduces to that of Butera and Tanda [1999] and Sun and Zhang [2000]. The validity of the transport model is examined by comparisons with Monte Carlo simulations for the following three cases: transport in a mean gravity-dominated flow, in an unsaturated flow with a water table boundary, and in a saturated-unsaturated flow. An excellent agreement is found between our model results and those from Monte Carlo simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - nonstationary flow
KW  - saturated/unsaturated flow
KW  - solute transport
KW  - stochastic processes
N1  - Accession Number: 87143984; Lu, Zhiming 1; Zhang, Dongxiao 1; Affiliations: 1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 3, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonstationary flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: saturated/unsaturated flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic processes; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR000908
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardakci, Korkut
AU  - Thorn, Charles B.
T1  - A mean field approximation to the worldsheet model of planar <f>φ3</f> field theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/03/03/
VL  - 652
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 196
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We develop an approximation scheme for our worldsheet model of the sum of planar diagrams based on mean field theory. At finite coupling the mean field equations show a weak coupling solution that resembles the perturbative diagrams and a strong coupling solution that seems to represent a tensionless soup of field quanta. With a certain amount of fine-tuning, we find a solution of the mean field equations that seems to support string formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEAN field theory
KW  - COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9162035; Bardakci, Korkut 1,2; Email Address: kbardakci@lbl.gov Thorn, Charles B. 3,4; Email Address: thorn@phys.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA  4: Institute for Fundamental Theory, Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 652 Issue 1-3, p196; Subject Term: MEAN field theory; Subject Term: COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00004-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheikh-Ali, A.D.
AU  - Molodov, D.A.
AU  - Garmestani, H.
T1  - Migration and reorientation of grain boundaries in Zn bicrystals during annealing in a high magnetic field
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/03/03/
VL  - 48
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Zinc bicrystals with 89° <f>〈</f>1 0 <f>1¯</f> 0<f>〉</f> symmetric tilt boundary inclined at different angles to the free surfaces are annealed in the field of 17 T. Boundaries migrate reorienting almost perpendicular to the surfaces. The observed effect is due to combination of magnetically induced and capillarity driven boundary migration. The absolute boundary mobility was measured to be about <f>2.5×10−8</f> m4/J s. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC crystals
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - Boundary migration
KW  - Magnetic susceptibility
N1  - Accession Number: 8900806; Sheikh-Ali, A.D. 1; Email Address: sheikh@magnet.fsu.edu Molodov, D.A. 2 Garmestani, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Micromechanics of Materials, FSU-National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Institut für Metallkunde und Metallphysik, RWTH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 48 Issue 5, p483; Subject Term: ZINC crystals; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boundary migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic susceptibility; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, S.
AU  - Rangaswamy, P.
AU  - Majumdar, B.S.
T1  - Microstress evolution during in situ loading of a superalloy containing high volume fraction of <f>γ′</f> phase
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/03/03/
VL  - 48
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Pulsed neutron diffraction under in situ mechanical loading was used to monitor microstrain evolution in individual phases of a polycrystalline <f>γ/γ′</f> superalloy, CM 247 LC. The load partitioning and yielding of differently oriented grains and phases were evaluated. The critical resolved shear stresses of individual phases were obtained and are compared with dislocation models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - Elastic constants
KW  - Microstress
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Superalloy
KW  - Yielding
N1  - Accession Number: 8900815; Ma, S. 1 Rangaswamy, P. 2 Majumdar, B.S. 1; Email Address: majumdar@nmt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 48 Issue 5, p525; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic constants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superalloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yielding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fornstedt, Torgny
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Influence of the solution pH on the interaction mechanisms between the molecules of the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of a few β-receptor blocking agents and those of cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I)
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03/05/
VL  - 398
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 00406031
KW  - β
KW  - -Receptor blocking agents
KW  - Cellobiohydrolase I
KW  - Enantioselective binding constants
KW  - Nonlinear chromatography
KW  - Nonselective binding constants
KW  - pH-dependence
N1  - Accession Number: 9190984; Fornstedt, Torgny 1 Guiochon, Georges 2; Email Address: guiochon2utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Surface Biotechnology, BMC Box 577, S-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Division of Chemical and Analytical Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 398 Issue 1/2, p73; Author-Supplied Keyword: β; Author-Supplied Keyword: -Receptor blocking agents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellobiohydrolase I; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enantioselective binding constants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonselective binding constants; Author-Supplied Keyword: pH-dependence; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00140-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lexa, Dusan
T1  - An improved hermetic sample enclosure for simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry/synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03/05/
VL  - 398
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 00406031
AB  - A hermetic sample enclosure for performing simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry/synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, previously developed in our laboratory, suffered from poor calorimetric performance. A new enclosure design has been developed that addresses this problem. Like the previous design, it is based on a Perkin-Elmer DSC-2C measuring head. While the original enclosure necessitated a sample pan rather inconsistent with the requirements of DSC, more sophisticated modifications to the new measuring head made it compatible with a new sample pan that does not compromise calorimetric performance. The original alternative temperature measurement and control system was upgraded with low-noise components. In addition, water-cooling was added to the measuring head. A prototype sample enclosure has been fabricated and successfully tested in multiple experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - Differential scanning calorimetry
KW  - Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 9191052; Lexa, Dusan 1; Email Address: lexa@cmt.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 398 Issue 1/2, p241; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential scanning calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00389-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Fred
AU  - Mottola, Emil
AU  - Nayak, Gouranga C.
T1  - Minijet initial conditions for non-equilibrium parton evolution at RHIC and LHC
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/03/06/
VL  - 555
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
SN  - 03702693
AB  - An important ingredient for the non-equilibrium evolution of partons at RHIC and LHC is to have some physically reasonable initial conditions for the single particle phase space distribution functions for the partons. We consider several plausible parametrizations of initial conditions for the single particle distribution function <f>fi(x,p)</f> and fix the parameters by matching <f>∫f(x,p)pμ dσμ</f> to the invariant momentum space semi-hard parton distributions obtained using perturbative QCD (pQCD), as well as fitting low order moments of the distribution function. We consider parametrizations of <f>fi(x,p)</f> with both boost invariant and boost non-invariant assumptions. We determine the initial number density, energy density and the corresponding (effective) temperature of the minijet plasma at RHIC and LHC energies. For a boost non-invariant minijet phase-space distribution function we obtain <f>∼30(140)/</f>fm3 as the initial number density, <f>∼50(520)</f> GeV<f>/</f>fm3 as the initial energy density and <f>∼520(930)</f> MeV as the corresponding initial effective temperature at RHIC(LHC). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - 12.38.Bx
N1  - Accession Number: 9010382; Cooper, Fred 1 Mottola, Emil 1 Nayak, Gouranga C. 1; Email Address: nayak@shakti.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: T-8, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 555 Issue 3/4, p181; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.38.Bx; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00080-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margarit, S. Mariana
AU  - Sondermann, Holger
AU  - Hall, Brian E.
AU  - Nagar, Bhushan
AU  - Hoelz, Andre
AU  - Pirruccello, Michelle
AU  - Bar-Sagi, Dafna
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural Evidence for Feedback Activation by Ras·GTP of the Ras-Specific Nucleotide Exchange Factor SOS
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2003/03/07/
VL  - 112
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 685
SN  - 00928674
AB  - Growth factor receptors activate Ras by recruiting the nucleotide exchange factor son of sevenless (SOS) to the cell membrane, thereby triggering the production of GTP-loaded Ras. Crystallographic analyses of Ras bound to the catalytic module of SOS have led to the unexpected discovery of a highly conserved Ras binding site on SOS that is located distal to the active site and is specific for Ras·GTP. The crystal structures suggest that Ras·GTP stabilizes the active site of SOS allosterically, and we show that Ras·GTP forms ternary complexes with SOScat in solution and increases significantly the rate of SOScat-stimulated nucleotide release from Ras. These results demonstrate the existence of a positive feedback mechanism for the spatial and temporal regulation of Ras. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - GROWTH factors
N1  - Accession Number: 9300726; Margarit, S. Mariana 1 Sondermann, Holger 2,3 Hall, Brian E. 1 Nagar, Bhushan 2,3 Hoelz, Andre 4 Pirruccello, Michelle 2,3 Bar-Sagi, Dafna 1 Kuriyan, John 2,3; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA  2: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  4: The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA; Source Info: 3/7/2003, Vol. 112 Issue 5, p685; Subject Term: CYTOKINES; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: GROWTH factors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Settersten, Thomas B.
AU  - Farrow, Roger L.
AU  - Gray, Jeffrey A.
T1  - Coherent infrared–ultraviolet double-resonance spectroscopy of <f>CH3</f>
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/03/07/
VL  - 370
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Two-color polarization spectroscopy (TC-PS) and two-color resonant four-wave mixing spectroscopy (TC-RFWM) are used to detect photolytically produced <f>CH3</f> radicals. An infrared laser pumps individual lines in the <f>ν3</f> fundamental of the <f>X˜2A2″</f> state, and an ultraviolet laser probes the pumped levels to reveal rotationally resolved spectra of transitions to the predissociated <f>B˜2A1′</f> state. The spectra are fit with a complex Lorentzian lineshape and yield an updated value of <f>46 239.4±1.2 cm−1</f> for <f>T0</f> of the <f>B˜</f> state. A detection limit of <f>2×1013</f> <f>CH3</f> molecules per <f>cm3</f> per quantum state is observed for these coherent double-resonance techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION spectroscopy
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 9099387; Settersten, Thomas B. 1; Email Address: tbsette@sandia.gov Farrow, Roger L. 1 Gray, Jeffrey A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9056, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 370 Issue 1/2, p204; Subject Term: POLARIZATION spectroscopy; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00062-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiley, H.Steven
T1  - Trafficking of the ErbB receptors and its influence on signaling
JO  - Experimental Cell Research
JF  - Experimental Cell Research
Y1  - 2003/03/10/
VL  - 284
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 78
SN  - 00144827
AB  - Although members of the ErbB receptor family are found predominantly at the cell surface, these receptors undergo constant cycling between the plasma membrane and the endosomal compartment. In the absence of an activating ligand, these receptors are slowly internalized (t1/2 ∼ 30 min) but are quickly recycled. The constitutive degradation rate of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) is slower than other ErbB family members and only the EGFR appears to alter its trafficking pattern in response to ligand binding. This altered pattern is characterized by accelerated internalization and enhanced lysosomal targeting. Ligand-regulated trafficking of the EGFR is mediated by a series of motifs distributed through the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor that are exposed by a combination of activation-mediated conformation changes and the binding of proteins such as Grb2. As a consequence of induced internalization, most EGFR signaling occurs within endosomes whereas signaling by the other members of the ErbB family appear to be generated predominantly from the cell surface. Overexpression of ErbB family members can disrupt normal receptor trafficking by driving heterodimerization of receptors with disparate trafficking patterns. Because different ErbB receptor substrates are localized in different cellular compartments, disrupted trafficking could be an important factor in the altered signaling patterns observed as a consequence of receptor overexpression. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Cell Research is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 9291471; Wiley, H.Steven 1; Email Address: steven.wiley@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99353, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 284 Issue 1, p78; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-4827(03)00002-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shafir, Alexandr
AU  - Arnold, John
T1  - Zirconium complexes incorporating diaryldiamidoferrocene ligands: generation of cationic derivatives and polymerization activity towards ethylene and 1-hexene
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/03/10/
VL  - 345
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Palladium-catalyzed coupling of ArX (ArX=MesBr, 2,6-dichloroiodobenzene and 9-bromonaphtalene) with 1,1′-diaminoferrocene afforded a series of substituted diamide ligands Fc(NHAr)2 (1). A Zr-dibenzyl complex 2 of the mesityl-substituted ligand was synthesized using ZrBn4, and its ability to act as precatalyst for olefin polymerization was investigated. Abstraction of one benzyl group using B(C6F5)3 resulted in the zwitterionic species [LZrBn][BnB(C6F5)3] (3), which reacted slowly (approximately 30 min) with ethylene to afford the monoinsertion product [LZrCH2CH2CH2Ph][BnB(C6F5)3]. Further insertions of ethylene were slower and led, after 2 h, to the di- and tri-insertion products. Use of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] as an activator resulted in a competent 1-hexene polymerization catalyst affording high molecular weight poly-1-hexene with a PDI of 1.3–1.4. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - Amidoferrocene complexes
KW  - Olefin polymerization
KW  - Zirconium complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 9164828; Shafir, Alexandr 1 Arnold, John 2; Email Address: arnold@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: The Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 526 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 345, p216; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amidoferrocene complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Olefin polymerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zirconium complexes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-1693(02)01300-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akbari, Hashem
AU  - Shea Rose, L.
AU  - Taha, Haider
T1  - Analyzing the land cover of an urban environment using high-resolution orthophotos
JO  - Landscape & Urban Planning
JF  - Landscape & Urban Planning
Y1  - 2003/03/10/
VL  - 63
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01692046
AB  - To estimate the impact of light-colored surfaces (roofs and pavements) and urban vegetation (trees, grass, shrubs) on meteorology and air quality of a city, it is essential to accurately characterize various urban surfaces. Of particular importance is the characterization of the area fraction of various surface-types as well as the vegetative fraction. In this paper, a method is discussed for developing data on surface-type distribution and city-fabric (land cover) makeup (percentage of various surface-types) using high-resolution orthophtos. We devised a semi-automatic Monte Carlo method to sample the data and visually identify the surface-type for each pixel. The color aerial photographs for Sacramento covered a total of about 65 km2, at 0.3-m resolution.Five major land-use types were examined: (1) downtown and city center, (2) industrial, (3) offices, (4) commercial, and (5) residential. In downtown Sacramento, the top view (above-the-canopy) shows that vegetation covers 30% of the area, whereas roofs cover 23% and paved surfaces (roads, parking areas, and sidewalks) 41%. In the industrial areas, vegetation covers 8–14% of the area, whereas roofs cover 19–23%, and paved surfaces 29–44%. The surface-type percentages in the office area were 21% trees, 16% roofs, and 49% paved areas. In commercial areas, vegetation covers 5–20%, roofs 19–20%, paved surfaces 44–68%. Residential areas exhibit a wide range of percentages among their various surface-types. On average, vegetation covers about 36% of the area, roofs about 20%, and paved surfaces about 28%. Trees mostly shade streets, parking lots, grass, and sidewalks. In most non-residential areas, paved surfaces cover 50–70% of the under-the-canopy area. In residential areas, on average, paved surfaces cover about 35% of the area.Land-use/land cover (LULC) data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) was used to extrapolate these results from neighborhood scales to metropolitan Sacramento. Of an area of roughly 800 km2, defining most urban areas of the metropolitan Sacramento, about half is residential. The total roof area comprises about 150 km2 and the total paved surfaces (roads, parking areas, sidewalks) are about 310 km2. The total vegetated area covers about 230 km2. The remaining 110 km2 consist of barren land and miscellaneous surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Landscape & Urban Planning is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Land use
KW  - Urban ecology (Biology)
KW  - Analyzing high-resolution orthophotos
KW  - Urban fabric
KW  - Urban LULC
N1  - Accession Number: 9191503; Akbari, Hashem; Email Address: h_akbari@lbl.gov; Shea Rose, L. 1; Taha, Haider 1; Affiliations: 1: Heat Island Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 63 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Urban ecology (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Analyzing high-resolution orthophotos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urban fabric; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urban LULC; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00165-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klein, Spencer R.
AU  - Nystrand, Joakim
T1  - Does particle decay cause wave function collapse: an experimental test
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/03/10/
VL  - 308
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We describe an experimental test of whether particle decay causes wave function collapse. The test uses interference between two well separated, but coherent, sources of vector mesons. The short-lived mesons decay before their wave functions can overlap, so any interference must involve identical final states. Unlike previous tests of non-locality, the interference involves continuous variables, momentum and position. Interference can only occur if the wave function retains amplitudes for all possible decays. The interference can be studied through the transverse momentum spectrum of the reconstructed mesons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - MESONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9192364; Klein, Spencer R. 1 Nystrand, Joakim 2; Email Address: joakim.nystrand@kosufy.lu.se; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 308 Issue 5/6, p323; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: MESONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00076-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
AU  - Staley, Martin F.
T1  - Nonlinear balance and exchange of stability in dynamics of solitons, peakons, ramps/cliffs and leftons in a <f>1+1</f> nonlinear evolutionary PDE
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/03/10/
VL  - 308
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We study exchange of stability in the dynamics of solitary wave solutions under changes in the nonlinear balance in a <f>1+1</f> evolutionary partial differential equation related both to shallow water waves and to turbulence. We find that solutions of the equation <f>mt+umx+buxm=νmxx</f> with <f>m=u−α2uxx</f> for fluid velocity <f>u(x,t)</f> change their behavior at the special values <f>b=0,±1,±2,±3</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - Nonlinear evolution
KW  - Peakons
KW  - Solitary waves
KW  - Solitons
KW  - Turbulence modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 9192378; Holm, Darryl D. 1,2; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov Staley, Martin F. 1; Email Address: mstaley@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Mathematics Department, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 308 Issue 5/6, p437; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peakons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solitary waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solitons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence modeling; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00114-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9192378&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCarty, K.F.
AU  - Bartelt, N.C.
T1  - The <f>1×1/1×2</f> phase transition of the TiO2(<f>1 1 0</f>) surface––variation of transition temperature with crystal composition
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/03/10/
VL  - 527
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - L203
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We use low-energy electron diffraction and low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) to show that the TiO2(1 1 0) surface can reversibly transform between a high-temperature <f>1×1</f> phase and a low-temperature <f>1×2</f> phase. We find that the <f>1×1/1×2</f> transition occurs for a range of stoichiometry in oxygen-deficient crystals. To be quantitative about the stoichiometry dependence of the transition temperature, we accurately measure the crystal stoichiometry by using LEEM to determine the temperature at which crystallographic shear planes disappear from the bulk. In this way we show that the transition temperature increases with decreasing bulk oxygen content. By applying the Claperyon equation, we argue that this temperature dependence implies that the <f>1×1</f> and <f>1×2</f> surface phases have significantly different stoichiometries, with the <f>1×2</f> phase being Ti-rich compared to the <f>1×1</f> phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM)
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions)
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 9192260; McCarty, K.F.; Email Address: mccarty@sandia.gov Bartelt, N.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969 MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 527 Issue 1-3, pL203; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions); Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00003-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9192260&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barletta, W.A.
AU  - Winick, H.
T1  - Introduction to special section on future light sources
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/11/
VL  - 500
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present an expanded overview and introduction to four articles on future light sources which briefly covers recent developments and topics not covered in the four articles. It includes extensive references to reports in the literature absent from the four articels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Energy recovery linacs
KW  - Free-electron lasers
KW  - Storage rings
KW  - Sub-picoseconds X-rays
KW  - Synchrotron light sources
N1  - Accession Number: 10119363; Barletta, W.A. 1; Email Address: nim@lbl.gov Winick, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Accelerator and Fusion Research Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 500 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy recovery linacs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage rings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sub-picoseconds X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron light sources; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00734-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10119363&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGregor, D.S.
AU  - Hammig, M.D.
AU  - Yang, Y.-H.
AU  - Gersch, H.K.
AU  - Klann, R.T.
T1  - Design considerations for thin film coated semiconductor thermal neutron detectors—I: basics regarding alpha particle emitting neutron reactive films
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/11/
VL  - 500
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Semiconductor-based thermal neutron detectors provide a compact technology for neutron detection and imaging. Such devices can be produced by externally coating semiconductor-charged-particle detectors with neutron reactive films that convert free neutrons into charged-particle reaction products. Commonly used films for such devices utilize the 10B(n,α)7Li reaction or the 6Li(n,α)3H reaction, which are attractive due to the relatively high energies imparted to the reaction products. Unfortunately, thin film or “foil” type thermal neutron detectors suffer from self-absorption effects that ultimately limit neutron detection efficiency. Design considerations that maximize the efficiency and performance of such devices are discussed. Theoretical and experimental results from front coated, back coated, and “sandwich” designs are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Neutron detection
KW  - Neutron detector
KW  - Radiation detector
KW  - Semiconductor detector
N1  - Accession Number: 10119385; McGregor, D.S. 1; Email Address: mcgregor@ksu.edu Hammig, M.D. 2 Yang, Y.-H. 2 Gersch, H.K. 3 Klann, R.T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Kansas State University, 318 Rathbone Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  3: 105 Briarwood Drive, Versailles, KY 40383-9142, USA  4: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 362, Room B-113, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 500 Issue 1-3, p272; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor detector; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02078-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10119385&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Juste, A.
AU  - Tripathi, S.M.
AU  - Wijngaarden, D.A.
T1  - Measurement of the single event upset cross-section in the SVX IIe chip
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/11/
VL  - 500
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Single Event Effect cross-section for the SVX IIe readout chip has been measured using <f>63.3 MeV</f> protons from the UC Davis cyclotron. The expected rate of Single Event Upsets in the D<f>Ø</f> Silicon Microstrip Tracker, which uses the SVX IIe chip, is low enough for stable running. No Single Event Latchups were recorded. The chips withstood radiation doses of over <f>3 Mrad (3×104 Gy)</f>, well over the dose expected for the anticipated exposure of the detector. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Radiation tolerance
KW  - Silicon detector
KW  - Single event upset
N1  - Accession Number: 10119392; Juste, A. 1 Tripathi, S.M. 2 Wijngaarden, D.A. 3; Email Address: dwijngaa@hef.kun.nl; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: Department of High Energy Physics, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 500 Issue 1-3, p371; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single event upset; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00298-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10119392&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kornilov, A.V.
AU  - Pudalov, V.M.
AU  - Kitaoka, Y.
AU  - Ishida, K.
AU  - Mito, T.
AU  - Brooks, J.S.
AU  - Qualls, J.S.
T1  - Novel phase boundary in the field induced spin density wave state in (TMTSF)2PF6
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
SN  - 03796779
AB  - Magnetoresistance measurements on the quasi one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)2PF6 performed in magnetic fields B up to 16 T, temperatures T down to 0.12 K, and under pressures P up to 1.4 GPa have revealed new phase boundary on the P–B–T phase diagram. The boundary subdivides the field induced spin density wave (FISDW) phase diagram into two regions. The low-temperature region of the FISDW diagram is characterized by a hysteresis behavior of the resistance R(B) which was observed in earlier studies and is typical for the first-order transitions. In contrast to the common believe, in the high temperature region of the FISDW phase diagram, the hysteresis in R(B) and, hence, the first-order transitions vanish. Nevertheless, sharp changes in dR/dB are observed both in the low and high temperature domains indicating that the transitions between different sub-phases exist over all range of the FISDW state. We compare these results with a theoretical prediction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY wave theory
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - Field induced spin density wave
N1  - Accession Number: 9306993; Kornilov, A.V. 1; Email Address: kornilov@mail1.lebedev.ru Pudalov, V.M. 1 Kitaoka, Y. 2 Ishida, K. 2 Mito, T. 2 Brooks, J.S. 3 Qualls, J.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: PN Lebedev Physics Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia  2: Division of Material Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Talahasse, FL 32310 USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p69; Subject Term: DENSITY wave theory; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field induced spin density wave; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00273-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9306993&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singleton, J.
T1  - 2D or not 2D? Experimental tests of Mott–Ioffe–Regel and other criteria for reduced dimensionality in organic superconductors
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 03796779
AB  - I discuss recent measurements which allow the interlayer transfer integrals of various organic superconductors to be deduced. The measurements demonstrate the inappropriateness of criteria used to denote incoherent interlayer transport. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ORGANIC conductors
KW  - Interlayer incoherence
KW  - Layered superconductors
KW  - Organic metals
N1  - Accession Number: 9307141; Singleton, J. 1,2; Email Address: jsingle@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, LANL, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, The Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p83; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ORGANIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interlayer incoherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic metals; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00374-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9307141&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drichko, N.
AU  - Dressel, M.
AU  - Kini, A.
AU  - Schlueter, J.
T1  - Infrared conductivity of the organic conductor α-(BEDT-TTF)2KHg(SCN)4
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 03796779
AB  - The infrared reflectivity of the organic conductor α-(BEDT-TTF)2KHg(SCN)4 has been measured as a function of polarization and temperature. The optical conductivity spectra obtained by the Kramers–Kronig analysis show different electronic contributions due to interband and intraband excitations. The vibrational features are assigned and compared to the superconducting analogue α-(BEDT-TTF)2(NH4)Hg(SCN)4. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - ORGANIC conductors
KW  - Electronic and vibrational properties
KW  - Infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Optical properties
KW  - Organic conductors and superconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 9307187; Drichko, N. 1,2 Dressel, M. 1; Email Address: dressel@pi1.physik.uni-stuttgart.de Kini, A. 3 Schlueter, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p91; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: ORGANIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic and vibrational properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic conductors and superconductors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00372-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9307187&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mielke, C.H.
AU  - Harrison, N.
AU  - Ardavan, A.
AU  - Goddard, P.
AU  - Singleton, J.
AU  - Narduzzo, A.
AU  - Montgomery, L.K.
AU  - Balicas, L.
AU  - Brooks, J.S.
AU  - Tokumoto, M.
T1  - Possible Fro¨hlich superconductivity in strong magnetic fields
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 03796779
AB  - A brief review of some of the arguments pointing towards the possibility of organic conductors of the form α-(BEDT-TTF)2MHg(SCN)4 (where <F>M=K</F>, Tl and Rb) being candidates for Fro¨hlich superconductivity is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - High magnetic fields
KW  - One-dimensional
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9307095; Mielke, C.H. 1; Email Address: cmielke@lanl.gov Harrison, N. 1 Ardavan, A. 2 Goddard, P. 2 Singleton, J. 2 Narduzzo, A. 2 Montgomery, L.K. 3 Balicas, L. 4 Brooks, J.S. 4 Tokumoto, M. 5; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: The Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK  3: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  5: Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p99; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: High magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: One-dimensional; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00371-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9307095&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goddard, P.A.
AU  - Singleton, J.
AU  - Ardavan, A.
AU  - Harrison, N.
AU  - Blundell, S.J.
AU  - Schlueter, J.A.
AU  - Kini, A.M.
T1  - Studies of the magnetoresistive peak due to interlayer coherence in a quasi-two-dimensional superconductor
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 03796779
AB  - Peaks in the interlayer magnetoresistance of the layered superconductor κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(NCS)2 are observed in the presence of an exactly in-plane magnetic field. The existence of these resistance peaks implies the presence of a three-dimensional Fermi surface extending in the interlayer region. Analysis of the width of the peaks yields a value for the interlayer transfer integral. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - Fermi surface
KW  - Incoherence
KW  - Organic molecular metal
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9307039; Goddard, P.A. 1; Email Address: p.goddard@physics.ox.ac.uk Singleton, J. 1 Ardavan, A. 1 Harrison, N. 2 Blundell, S.J. 1 Schlueter, J.A. 3 Kini, A.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK  2: NHMFL, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p173; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Incoherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic molecular metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00251-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9307039&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wosnitza, J.
AU  - Wanka, S.
AU  - Hagel, J.
AU  - Reibelt, M.
AU  - Schweitzer, D.
AU  - Schlueter, J.A.
T1  - Thermodynamic properties of quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductors
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 03796779
AB  - High-resolution specific-heat data of the organic superconductor κ-(ET)2Cu(NCS)2 (<F>Tc=9.3</F> K) can reasonably well be described by strong-coupling BCS theory. In line with our previous results for three other organic superconductors the electronic contribution of the specific heat vanishes exponentially towards low temperatures providing evidence for a fully-gapped order parameter. The thermal conductivity κ of κ-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br increases strongly in the superconducting state below <F>Tc=11.5</F> K indicating the substantial scattering of phonons by quasiparticles in the normal state. Down to the lowest temperatures (<F>T&ap;0.25</F> K) no T3 dependence of κ is observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC superconductors
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - Organic superconductors
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Thermal conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9307171; Wosnitza, J. 1 Wanka, S. 1 Hagel, J. 1 Reibelt, M. 1 Schweitzer, D. 2 Schlueter, J.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physikalisches Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, Engesserstr. 7, Karlsruhe D-76128, Germany  2: 3. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart D-70550, Germany  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Il 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p201; Subject Term: ORGANIC superconductors; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal conductivity; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00406-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singleton, J.
AU  - Harrison, N.
AU  - Mielke, C.H.
AU  - Schlueter, J.A.
AU  - Kini, A.M.
T1  - The intrinsically broad superconducting to normal transition in organic superconductors
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 03796779
AB  - Although organic superconductors such as κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(NCS)2 are in the clean limit, the superconducting transition is intrinsically broad (e.g. ∼1 K wide for <F>Tc&ap;10</F> K). We propose that this is due to the extreme anisotropy of these materials, which greatly exacerbates the statistical effects of fluctuations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ORGANIC conductors
KW  - Fluctuations
KW  - Layered superconductors
KW  - Organic metals
N1  - Accession Number: 9306964; Singleton, J. 1,2; Email Address: jsingle@lanl.gov Harrison, N. 1 Mielke, C.H. 1 Schlueter, J.A. 3 Kini, A.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, LANL, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p241; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ORGANIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic metals; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00290-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geiser, U.
AU  - Schlueter, J.A.
AU  - Kini, A.M.
AU  - Wang, H.H.
AU  - Ward, B.H.
AU  - Whited, M.A.
AU  - Mohtasham, J.
AU  - Gard, G.L.
T1  - BEDT-TTF salts with fluorinated sulfonate anions
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
SN  - 03796779
AB  - A number of layered conducting BEDT-TTF, bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene, salts with heavily fluorinated organosulfonate anions have been prepared and characterized. Of particular interest are the salts containing SF5RSO3− anions, where R is a partially fluorinated aliphatic backbone. While structurally similar —the β″ packing type predominates—the ground state of these salts varies from superconducting in the case of β″-(BEDT-TTF)2SF5CH2CF2SO3  to insulating. Many of the salts with insulating ground states are metallic at room temperature, but charge localization and disproportionation over crystallographically non-equivalent sites occurs at low temperature. The organosulfonate group exhibits a propensity to bind to lithium ions, thus ternary salts incorporating Li+ into the complex anion layer are often found. The fluorophilic effect in organofluorine compounds may be exploited to form salts where the conducting BEDT-TTF layers are separated by extremely bulky anion bilayers. The crystal structure of one such system, (BEDT-TTF)3[(CF3)2CFC2H4SO3]4(H5O2)2, is described here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC superconductors
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - BEDT-TTF salts
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Electrical properties
KW  - Metal–insulator transition
KW  - Organic superconductor
KW  - Synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 9307183; Geiser, U. 1; Email Address: ugeiser@anl.gov Schlueter, J.A. 1 Kini, A.M. 1 Wang, H.H. 1 Ward, B.H. 1 Whited, M.A. 1 Mohtasham, J. 2 Gard, G.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, P.O. Box 751, Portland, OR 97207, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p401; Subject Term: ORGANIC superconductors; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: BEDT-TTF salts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–insulator transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00410-1
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uji, S.
AU  - Terakura, C.
AU  - Terashima, T.
AU  - Yakabe, T.
AU  - Imanaka, Y.
AU  - Terai, Y.
AU  - Yasuzuka, S.
AU  - Tokumoto, M.
AU  - Sakai, F.
AU  - Kobayashi, A.
AU  - Tanaka, H.
AU  - Kobayashi, H.
AU  - Balicas, L.
AU  - Brooks, J.S.
T1  - Novel electronic properties under magnetic fields in organic conductors <F>λ-(BETS)2FexGa1−xCl4</F>
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/03/13/
VL  - 133/134
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
SN  - 03796779
AB  - Electronic states have been investigated under high magnetic fields for quasi-two-dimensional organic conductors <F>λ-(BETS)2FexGa1−xCl4</F> (<F>x=1.0</F>, 0.47, 0.45, 0; BETS: bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene). Under magnetic field parallel to the c-axis, various electronic states appear, depending on x, field, and temperature. The global phase diagram for this alloy is presented and the evidence of the strong internal field due to the Fe moments is shown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC conductors
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Field induced transition
KW  - Magnetic field
KW  - Organic conductor
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9307098; Uji, S. 1; Email Address: uji.shinya@nims.go.jp Terakura, C. 1 Terashima, T. 1 Yakabe, T. 1 Imanaka, Y. 1 Terai, Y. 1 Yasuzuka, S. 1,2 Tokumoto, M. 3 Sakai, F. 4 Kobayashi, A. 5 Tanaka, H. 6 Kobayashi, H. 6 Balicas, L. 7 Brooks, J.S. 7; Affiliation:  1: National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan  2: Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan  3: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan  4: Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan  5: Research Centre for Spectrochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan  6: Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan  7: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 133/134, p481; Subject Term: ORGANIC conductors; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field induced transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00392-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rickman, J.M.
AU  - LeSar, R.
AU  - Srolovitz, D.J.
T1  - Solute effects on dislocation glide in metals
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/03/14/
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1199
SN  - 13596454
AB  - We examine theoretically the impact of dissolved solute atoms on the motion of dislocations in metals and, hence, on their plastic response. Two regimes of behavior are distinguished; a low velocity regime, in which the dislocation drags a near equilibrium solute cloud, and a high velocity regime, in which the dislocation is alternately trapped and free running. In both regimes, the overdamped motion of a dislocation in the alloy is exactly as it would be in the pure system but with regime-dependent dislocation mobilities. In the low velocity regime, the forces between dislocations are replaced by forces between dislocation-solute cloud “quasiparticles.” This paper provides analytical estimates for the mobilities in the two regimes, as well as expressions for calculating quasiparticle interactions. Finally, a prescription is provided for carrying out dislocation dynamics simulations without explicitly incorporating solute degrees of freedom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Dislocation mobility
KW  - Lattice defects-dislocations
KW  - Strain aging
N1  - Accession Number: 9189406; Rickman, J.M. 1 LeSar, R. 2; Email Address: lesar@lanl.gov Srolovitz, D.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540-5211, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1199; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice defects-dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain aging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00304-X
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyers, M.A.
AU  - Gregori, F.
AU  - Kad, B.K.
AU  - Schneider, M.S.
AU  - Kalantar, D.H.
AU  - Remington, B.A.
AU  - Ravichandran, G.
AU  - Boehly, T.
AU  - Wark, J.S.
T1  - Laser-induced shock compression of monocrystalline copper: characterization and analysis
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/03/14/
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1211
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Controlled laser experiments were used to generate ultra-short shock pulses of approximately 5 ns duration in monocrystalline copper specimens with [001] orientation. Transmission electron microscopy revealed features consistent with previous observations of shock-compressed copper, albeit at pulse durations in the μs regime. At pressures of 12 and 20 GPa, the structure consists primarily of dislocation cells; at 40 GPa, twinning and stacking-fault bundles are the principal defect structures; and at a pressure of 55–60 GPa, the structure shows micro-twinning and the effects of thermal recovery (elongated sub-grains). The results suggest that the defect structure is generated at the shock front; the substructures observed are similar to the ones at much larger durations. The dislocation generation is discussed, providing a constitutive description of plastic deformation. It is proposed that thermally activated loop nucleation at the front is the mechanism for dislocation generation. A calculational method for dislocation densities is proposed, based on nucleation of loops at the shock front and their extension due to the residual shear stresses behind the front. Calculated dislocation densities compare favorably with experimentally observed results. It is proposed that simultaneous diffraction by Laue and Bragg of different lattice planes at the shock front can give the strain state and the associated stress level at the front. This enables the calculation of the plastic flow resistance at the imposed strain rate. An estimated strength of 435 MPa is obtained, for a strain rate of <f>1.3×107 s−1</f>. The threshold stress for deformation twinning in shock compression is calculated from the constitutive equations for slip, twinning, and the Swegle–Grady relationship. The calculated threshold pressure for the [001] orientation is 16.3 GPa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - COPPER
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - Copper
KW  - Dynamic deformation
KW  - Laser
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Shock
KW  - Twinning
N1  - Accession Number: 9189400; Meyers, M.A. 1; Email Address: mameyers@mae.ucsd.edu Gregori, F. 2 Kad, B.K. 1 Schneider, M.S. 1 Kalantar, D.H. 3 Remington, B.A. 3 Ravichandran, G. 4 Boehly, T. 5 Wark, J.S. 6; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Mail Code 0411 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411, USA  2: University of Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  4: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA  5: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA  6: University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1211; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twinning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00420-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9189400&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lian, J.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Sun, K.
AU  - Ewing, R.C.
AU  - Matt Farmer, J.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
T1  - The order–disorder transition in ion-irradiated pyrochlore
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/03/14/
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1493
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A radiation-induced order–disorder transformation occurs in many A2B2O7 pyrochlore structure-types by disordering of the A- and B-site cations, as well as anion vacancies. The ionic conductivity increases up to two orders of magnitude due to this order–disorder transformation. This irradiation-induced order–disorder transition has been examined in detail using ion beam irradiations and in situ transmission electron microscopy. Under ion irradiation, the ordered pyrochlore superstructure transforms to an anion-disordered pyrochlore prior to a final transformation to a cation-disordered defect-fluorite structure-type. The anion-disordered pyrochlore structure displays a partial ordering of the A- and B-site cations and complete disordering on the anion array—as evidenced by the disappearance of characteristic diffraction maxima resulting from ordering of the oxygen sublattice. These results suggest that anion disorder precedes cation disordering in the pyrochlore structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - IONS
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Anion-disordered pyrochlore
KW  - Defect-fluorite
KW  - In situ transmission electron microscopy
KW  - Ion beam irradiations
KW  - Order–disorder transition
N1  - Accession Number: 9189399; Lian, J. 1 Wang, L. 1 Chen, J. 1 Sun, K. 1 Ewing, R.C. 1,2; Email Address: rodewing@umich.edu Matt Farmer, J. 3 Boatner, L.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6056, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1493; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anion-disordered pyrochlore; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect-fluorite; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam irradiations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Order–disorder transition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00544-X
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hollars, Christopher W.
AU  - Lane, Stephen M.
AU  - Huser, Thomas
T1  - Controlled non-classical photon emission from single conjugated polymer molecules
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/03/14/
VL  - 370
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Photon pair-correlation spectroscopy was used to study the photoluminescence of single, isolated chains of the conjugated polymer MEH-PPV (poly[2-methoxy,5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-p-phenylene-vinylene]). The chain conformation of these multichromophoric molecules was controlled by varying solvent polarity to result in either tightly folded collapsed chain or extended chain structures. We demonstrate, that the polymer conformation has strong influence on the quantum optical nature of the single chain photon emission. Polymers in the collapsed-chain conformation exhibit the non-classical phenomenon of photon antibunching in contrast to extended-chain structures. Analysis of the second-order correlation function provides a quantitative measure of the number of active emitter sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 9144671; Hollars, Christopher W. 1; Email Address: hollars1@llnl.gov Lane, Stephen M. 2 Huser, Thomas 1; Email Address: huser1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 370 Issue 3/4, p393; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00091-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cerny, Elizabeth A.
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Maryka H.
T1  - Low-volume, high-sensitivity assay for cadmium in blood and urine using conventional atomic absorption spectrophotometry
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 314
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
SN  - 00032697
AB  - An assay for cadmium in whole blood and urine using deuterium background-correction electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (<f>D2</f>-ETAAS) was developed. Cadmium (in a 1- to 2-ml sample) was bound to 15 mg anion-exchange resin, interfering ions were removed in a 2-ml Bio-Spin column, and cadmium was extracted into 100 μl 1 M nitric acid for analysis. Cadmium in the sample extract was concentrated 7-fold for blood and 10-fold for urine over the starting material. These steps produced cadmium atomic absorption traces with high signal to background ratios and allowed analysis against aqueous standards. At ∼0.1 ng Cd/ml, mean intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 11–12%. Cadmium recovery for 0.1 to 0.6 ng added cadmium was <f>107±4%</f> for blood and <f>94±4%</f> for urine (<f>mean±SE</f>, <f>n=3</f>). The mean detection limit (mean + <f>3×</f> SD of blank) was 0.008 ng/ml for blood and 0.003 ng/ml for urine. Samples from “unexposed” animals including humans ranged from <f>0.051±0.000</f> to <f>0.229±0.035</f> ng/ml. Values were approximately 10-fold lower than those obtained by the method of Stoeppler and Brandt using Zeeman background-correction ETAAS. This new high-sensitivity, low-volume assay will be useful for epidemiological studies, even those involving children, and will provide a means to help determine the contribution of cadmium to disease incidence in the general population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Biochemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - ATOMIC absorption spectroscopy
KW  - Assay
KW  - Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
KW  - Blood
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Urine
N1  - Accession Number: 9343867; Cerny, Elizabeth A.; Email Address: cerny@anl.gov Bhattacharyya, Maryka H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 314 Issue 2, p180; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: ATOMIC absorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urine; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00298-1
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dickinson, J.T.
AU  - Nwe, Khin Hla
AU  - Hess, W.P.
AU  - Langford, S.C.
T1  - Synergistic effects of exposure of surfaces of ionic crystals to radiation and water
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 208/209
M3  - Article
SP  - 2
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We present studies of the consequences of simultaneous exposure of inorganic single crystals to radiation and water. The first case consists of a biomineral, CaHPO4·2H2O (brushite), which is a wide band gap, hydrated inorganic single crystal. We examine the laser-induced ion and neutral emissions accompanying 248 nm excimer laser radiation. Both types of emission are several orders of magnitude higher following exposure to 2 keV electrons at current densities of 200 μA/cm2 and doses of 102 to 103 mC/cm2. We show that the enhancements in emission are strongly correlated with e-beam induced morphology changes (including recrystallization) on this unusual surface. We then examine similar effects on “dry” crystals such as NaCl and NaNO3 which are exposed to 10−5 Pa partial pressures of H2O. Again dramatic enhancements in radiation induced emissions are exhibited along with the generation of unique morphological structures with nanometer scale dimensions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIC crystals
KW  - BIOMINERALIZATION
KW  - Biomineral
KW  - Defects
KW  - Electron stimulated desorption
KW  - Hydrated single crystal
KW  - Laser desorption
KW  - Nanostructures
KW  - Nanotechnology
KW  - Surface modification
KW  - Water vapor
N1  - Accession Number: 9300360; Dickinson, J.T. 1; Email Address: jtd@wsu.edu Nwe, Khin Hla 1 Hess, W.P. 2 Langford, S.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Surface Dynamics Laboratory, Physics Department, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2814, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 208/209, p2; Subject Term: IONIC crystals; Subject Term: BIOMINERALIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomineral; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron stimulated desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrated single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanotechnology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface modification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water vapor; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01277-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hauer, M.
AU  - Funk, D.J.
AU  - Lippert, T.
AU  - Wokaun, A.
T1  - Laser ablation of polymers studied by ns-interferometry and ns-shadowgraphy measurements
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 208/209
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 01694332
AB  - The dynamic processes during ablation are studied by nanosecond-interferometry and shadowgraphy. Most commercial polymers exhibit poor laser ablation properties, therefore special triazene polymers, with superior ablation properties were developed. The photochemical active triazene group absorbs around 330 nm whereas the absorption around 200 nm is due to the photostable aromatic groups. The ns-interferometry shows that the etching of the triazene polymer starts and ends with the laser beam after irradiation at 193 and 308 nm. Shadowgraphy of the triazene polymer and polyimide reveal that the speed of the aerial shockwave increases with fluence and is higher for irradiation at 193 nm than for 308 nm. Shockwaves with equal or higher velocities are observed for the triazene polymer compared to polyimide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Interferometry
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Polyimide
KW  - Reflectivity
KW  - Shadowgraphy
KW  - Triazene polymer
N1  - Accession Number: 9300378; Hauer, M. 1 Funk, D.J. 2 Lippert, T. 1; Email Address: thomas.lippert@psi.ch Wokaun, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Paul Scherrer Institute, General Energy Research, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, DX-2, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 208/209, p107; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interferometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyimide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shadowgraphy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triazene polymer; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01345-4
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grunes, Jeff
AU  - Ji Zhu
AU  - Minchul Yang
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - CO Poisoning of Ethylene Hydrogenation over Pt Catalysts: A Comparison of Pt(111) Single Crystal and Pt Nanoparticle Activities.
JO  - Catalysis Letters
JF  - Catalysis Letters
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 86
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 161
SN  - 1011372X
AB  - The ethylene hydrogenation reaction was studied on two platinum model catalyst systems in the presence of carbon monoxide to examine poisoning effects. The catalysts were a Pt(111) single crystal and lithographically fabricated platinum nanoparticles deposited on alumina. Gas chromatographic results for Pt(111) show that CO adsorption reduces the turnover rate from 101 to 10-2 molecules/Pt site/s at 413 K, and the activation energy for hydrogenation on the poisoned surface becomes 20.2 ± 0.1 kcal/mol. The activation energy for ethylene hydrogenation over Pt(111) in the absence of CO is 10.8 kcal/mol. The Pt nanoparticle system shows the same rate for the reaction as over Pt(111) in the absence of CO. When CO is adsorbed on the Pt nanoparticle array, the rate of the reaction is reduced from 102 to 100 nmol/s at 413 K. However, the activation energy remains largely unchanged. The Pt nanoparticles show an apparent activation energy for ethylene hydrogenation of 10.2 ± 0.2 kcal/mol in the absence of CO and 11.4 ± 0.6 kcal/mol on the CO-poisoned nanoparticle array. This is the first observation of a significant difference in catalytic behavior between Pt(111) and the Pt nanoparticle arrays. It is proposed that the active sites at the oxide--metal interface are responsible for the difference in activation energies for the hydrogenation reaction over the two model platinum catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - CRYSTAL whiskers
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - CO poisoning
KW  - ethylene hydrogenation over Pt
KW  - Pt/Al
KW  - Pt/Al2O3 nanoparticles
N1  - Accession Number: 15192521; Grunes, Jeff 1 Ji Zhu 1 Minchul Yang 1 Somorjai, Gabor A. 1; Email Address: somorjai@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Division of Materials Science, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 86 Issue 4, p157; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL whiskers; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO poisoning; Author-Supplied Keyword: ethylene hydrogenation over Pt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt/Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt/Al2O3 nanoparticles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnston, N.A.C.
AU  - Blake, D.R.
AU  - Rowland, F.S.
AU  - Elliott, S.
AU  - Lackner, K.S.
AU  - Ziock, H.J.
AU  - Dubey, M.K.
AU  - Hanson, H.P.
AU  - Barr, S.
T1  - Chemical transport modeling of potential atmospheric CO2 sinks
JO  - Energy Conversion & Management
JF  - Energy Conversion & Management
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 683
SN  - 01968904
AB  - The potential for carbon dioxide (CO<f>2</f>) sequestration via engineered chemical sinks is investigated using a three dimensional chemical transport model (CTM). Meteorological and chemical constraints for flat or vertical systems that would absorb CO<f>2</f> from the atmosphere, as well as an example chemical system of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)<f>2</f>) proposed by Elliott et al. [Compensation of atmospheric CO<f>2</f> buildup through engineered chemical sinkage, Geophys. Res. Lett. 28 (2001) 1235] are reviewed. The CTM examines land based deposition sinks, with <f>4°×5°</f> latitude/longitude resolution at various locations, and deposition velocities (<f>v</f>). A maximum uptake of <f>∼</f>20 Gton (10<f>15</f> g) C yr<f>−1</f> is attainable with <f>v>5</f> cm s<f>−1</f> at a mid-latitude site. The atmospheric increase of CO<f>2</f> (3 Gton yr<f>−1</f>) can be balanced by an engineered sink with an area of no more than 75,000 km<f>2</f> at <f>v</f> of 1 cm s<f>−1</f>. By building the sink upwards or splitting this area into narrow elements can reduce the active area by more than an order of magnitude as discussed in Dubey et al. [31]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Conversion & Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Sequestration (Chemistry)
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Sequestration
N1  - Accession Number: 8780105; Johnston, N.A.C. 1; Email Address: najohnston@lcsc.edu; Blake, D.R. 1; Rowland, F.S. 1; Elliott, S. 2; Lackner, K.S. 2; Ziock, H.J. 2; Dubey, M.K. 2; Hanson, H.P. 2; Barr, S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Issue Info: Mar2003, Vol. 44 Issue 5, p683; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Sequestration (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequestration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Krakauer, D.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
AU  - Contin, A.
AU  - Corradi, M.
AU  - De Pasquale, S.
T1  - Measurements of inelastic ... and ... photoproduction at HERA.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 188
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The cross sections for inelastic photoproduction of J/ψ and ψ' mesons have been measured in ep collisions with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 38.0 pb-1. The events were required to have 0.1 < z < 0.9 and 50 < W < 180 GeV, where z is the fraction of the incident photon energy carried by the J/ψ in the proton rest frame and W is the photon-proton centre-of-mass energy. The ψ' to J/ψ cross-section ratio was measured in the range 0.55 < z < 0.9. The J/ψ data, for various ranges of transverse momentum, are compared to theoretical models incorporating colour-singlet and colour-octet matrix elements. Predictions of a next-to-leading-order colour-singlet model give a good description of the data, although there is a large normalisation uncertainty. The J/ψ helicity distribution for z > 0.4 is compared to leading-order QCD predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - BARYONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15379925; Chekanov, S. 1 Krakauer, D. 1 Magill, S. 1 Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R. 1 Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Antonioli, P. 3 Bari, G. 3 Basile, M. 3 Bellagamba, L. 3 Boscherini, D. 3 Bruni, A. 3 Bruni, G. 3 Cara Romeo, G. 3 Cifarelli, L. 3 Cindolo, F. 3 Contin, A. 3 Corradi, M. 3 De Pasquale, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory,  Argonne,  Illinois 60439-4815, USA  2: Andrews University,  Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104-0380,  USA  3: University and INFN Bologna,  Bologna,  Italy; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 27 Issue 2, p173; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: BARYONS; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2002-01130-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sentman, D.D.
AU  - Wescott, E.M.
AU  - Picard, R.H.
AU  - Winick, J.R.
AU  - Stenbaek-Nielsen, H.C.
AU  - Dewan, E.M.
AU  - Moudry, D.R.
AU  - São Sabbas, F.T.
AU  - Heavner, M.J.
AU  - Morrill, J.
T1  - Simultaneous observations of mesospheric gravity waves and sprites generated by a midwestern thunderstorm
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 65
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
SN  - 13646826
AB  - The present report investigates using simultaneous observations of coincident gravity waves and sprites to establish an upper limit on sprite-associated thermal energy deposition in the mesosphere. The University of Alaska operated a variety of optical imagers and photometers at two ground sites in support of the NASA Sprites99 balloon campaign. One site was atop a US Forest Service lookout tower on Bear Mt. in the Black Hills, in western South Dakota. On the night of 18 August 1999 we obtained from this site simultaneous images of sprites and OH airglow modulated by gravity waves emanating from a very active sprite producing thunderstorm over Nebraska, to the Southeast of Bear Mt. Using <f>25 s</f> exposures with a bare CCD camera equipped with a red filter, we were able to coincidentally record both short duration <f>(<10 ms)</f> but bright <f>(>3 MR)</f> <f>N2</f> 1PG red emissions from sprites and much weaker <f>(∼1 kR)</f>, but persistent, OH Meinel nightglow emissions. A time lapse movie created from images revealed short period, complete <f>360°</f> concentric wave structures emanating radially outward from a central excitation region directly above the storm. During the initial stages of the storm outwardly expanding waves possessed a period of <f>τ&ap;10 min</f> and wavelength <f>λ&ap;50 km</f>. Over a <f>1 h</f> interval the waves gradually changed to longer period <f>τ&ap;11 min</f> and shorter wavelength <f>λ&ap;40 km</f>. Over the full <f>2 h</f> observation time, about two dozen bright sprites generated by the underlying thunderstorm were recorded near the center of the outwardly radiating gravity wave pattern. No distinctive OH brightness signatures uniquely associated with the sprites were detected at the level of 2% of the ambient background brightness, establishing an associated upper limit of approximately <f>ΔT&lsim;0.5 K</f> for a neutral temperature perturbation over the volume of the sprites. The corresponding total thermal energy deposited by the sprite is bounded by these measurements to be less than <f>∼1 GJ</f>. This value is well above the total energy deposited into the medium by the sprite, estimated by several independent methods to be on the order of <f>∼1</f>–<f>10 MJ</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAVITY waves
KW  - HEAT storage
KW  - Gravity waves
KW  - Lightning
KW  - Sprites
N1  - Accession Number: 9573183; Sentman, D.D. 1; Email Address: dsentman@gi.alaska.edu Wescott, E.M. 1 Picard, R.H. 2 Winick, J.R. 2 Stenbaek-Nielsen, H.C. 2 Dewan, E.M. 2 Moudry, D.R. 1 São Sabbas, F.T. 1 Heavner, M.J. 3 Morrill, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Alaska, Geophysical Institute, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA  2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NIS-1, Los Alamos, NM, USA  4: Naval Research Laboratory, E.O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, Washington, DC, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 65 Issue 5, p537; Subject Term: GRAVITY waves; Subject Term: HEAT storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gravity waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lightning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sprites; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1364-6826(02)00328-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bucsela, E.
AU  - Morrill, J.
AU  - Heavner, M.
AU  - Siefring, C.
AU  - Berg, S.
AU  - Hampton, &</f> Technology Corp., Boulder, CO, USA
AU  - Moudry, D.
AU  - Wescott, E.
AU  - Sentman, D.
T1  - <f>N2(B3Πg)</f> and <f>N2+(A2Πu)</f> vibrational distributions observed in sprites
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 65
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 583
SN  - 13646826
AB  - A pair of spectra taken simultaneously by two different ground-based instruments has been analyzed by our group. As with previous observations, the spectra are composed primarily of the <f>N2</f> first positive group (1PG) <f>(B3Πg−A3Σu+)</f>. In a previous study, we compared the <f>N2(B)</f> vibrational distributions from the spectral analysis with those resulting from a time-dependent kinetic model of <f>N2</f> triplet excited state populations. Both spectra reflect emission between 50 and <f>60 km</f>. The higher-altitude spectrum is primarily 1PG but also shows the presence of features which appear to be <f>N2+</f> Meinel <f>(A2Πu−X2Σg+)</f>. The lower-altitude spectrum shows little or none of the apparent Meinel emission but has an <f>N2(B)</f> vibrational distribution similar to ones observed in laboratory afterglows. In this paper we discuss the apparent presence of the Meinel emission and present the observed <f>N2(B)</f> vibrational distributions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric & Solar-Terrestrial Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - 1PG and Meinel spectra
KW  - Ionized <f>N2</f>
KW  - Red sprites
KW  - Vibrational distributions
N1  - Accession Number: 9573270; Bucsela, E. 1; Email Address: bucsela@hyperion.gsfc.nasa.gov Morrill, J. 2 Heavner, M. 3 Siefring, C. 4 Berg, S. 5 Hampton, &</f> Technology Corp., Boulder, CO, USA 6 Moudry, D. 7 Wescott, E. 7 Sentman, D. 7; Affiliation:  1: Goddard Earth Science and Technology Center, Baltimore, MD, USA  2: E.O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  4: Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, USA  5: Computational Physics Inc., Springfield, VA, USA  6: Ball Aerospace  7: Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AL,USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 65 Issue 5, p583; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1PG and Meinel spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionized <f>N2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Red sprites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrational distributions; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1364-6826(02)00316-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Wang, T.H.
AU  - Ciszek, T.F.
T1  - A continuous Czochralski silicon crystal growth system
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 250
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Demand for large silicon wafers has driven the growth of silicon crystals from 200 to 300 mm in diameter. With the increasing silicon ingot sizes, melt volume has grown dramatically. Melt flow becomes more turbulent as melt height and volume increase. To suppress turbulent flow in a large silicon melt, a new Czochralski (CZ) growth furnace has been designed that has a shallow melt. In this new design, a crucible consists of a shallow growth compartment in the center and a deep feeding compartment around the periphery. Two compartments are connected with a narrow annular channel. A long crystal may be continuously grown by feeding silicon pellets into the dedicated feeding compartment. We use our numerical model to simulate temperature distribution and velocity field in a conventional 200-mm CZ crystal growth system and also in the new shallow crucible CZ system. By comparison, advantages and disadvantages of the proposed system are observed, operating conditions are determined, and the new system is improved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - A1. Computer simulation
KW  - A2. Czochralski method
KW  - A2. Growth from melt
KW  - A2. Industrial crystallization
KW  - A2. Single crystal growth
KW  - B2. Semiconducting silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 9281576; Wang, C. 1; Email Address: cwang@ic.sunysb.edu Zhang, H. 1 Wang, T.H. 2 Ciszek, T.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at StonyBrook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 250 Issue 1/2, p209; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Czochralski method; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Growth from melt; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Industrial crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Single crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting silicon; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)02241-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, Ruowen
AU  - Lin, Yu-Ming
AU  - Rabin, Oded
AU  - Dresselhaus, Gene
AU  - Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
AU  - Satcher Jr., Joe H.
AU  - Baumann, Theodore F.
T1  - Transport properties of copper-doped carbon aerogels
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 317
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The magnetic susceptibility, conductivity, magnetoresistance (MR) and Hall effect of copper-doped carbon aerogels are measured and compared with corresponding results from the original carbon aerogels. The experimental results indicate that the temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility of the copper-doped and of the original carbon aerogels is well fit by a Curie function at low temperatures. The copper-doped carbon aerogels show a higher susceptibility and spin concentration than the original carbon aerogel. After doping by copper, the materials exhibit a more linear current–voltage curve than the original carbon aerogel under the same measurement conditions. The electrical resistance of the copper-doped carbon aerogels is strikingly lower than that of the original carbon aerogels, and decreases with increasing copper content in the samples. The temperature-dependent resistivity <f>ρ(T)</f> of all of the copper-doped and original carbon aerogels can be fitted by an <f>exp(T−1/2)</f> dependence for <f>T<100</f> K. The copper-doped and pristine carbon aerogels follow a quadratic MR behavior <f>Δρ/ρ=AB2</f> in the magnetic field range <f>B</f> investigated (up to 5 T), except at very low temperatures (<f>T<4</f> K). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - HALL effect
N1  - Accession Number: 9160357; Fu, Ruowen 1,2 Lin, Yu-Ming 1 Rabin, Oded 1 Dresselhaus, Gene 1 Dresselhaus, Mildred S. 1; Email Address: millie@mgm.mit.edu Satcher Jr., Joe H. 3 Baumann, Theodore F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  2: PCFM Laboratory, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 3, p247; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: HALL effect; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kukkadapu, Ravi K.
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Smith, Gary L.
AU  - Crum, J.D.
AU  - Jeoung, Jun-Sik
AU  - Howard Poisl, W.
AU  - Weinberg, Michael C.
T1  - Mo¨ssbauer and optical spectroscopic study of temperature and redox effects on iron local environments in a Fe-doped (0.5 mol% Fe2O3) 18Na2O–72SiO2 glass
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 317
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Local environments of ferric and ferrous irons were systematically studied with Mo¨ssbauer (at liquid helium temperature) and ultraviolet–visible–near infrared spectroscopic methods for various 18Na2O–72SiO2 glasses doped with 0.5 mol% Fe2O3. These were prepared at temperatures of 1300–1600 °C in ambient air or at 1500 °C under reducing conditions with oxygen partial pressures from 12.3 to <f>0.27×10−7</f> atmospheres. The Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopic method identified three types of local environments, which were represented by the Fe3+ sextet, the Fe3+ doublet, and the Fe2+ doublet. The Fe3+ sextet ions were assigned to ‘isolated’ octahedral ions. Under reducing conditions, the octahedral Fe3+ ions were readily converted into octahedral ferrous ions. The Fe3+ doublet exists both in octahedral and tetrahedral environment, mainly as tetrahedral sites in the reduced samples. The tetrahedral ions were found stable against reduction to ferrous ions. The Fe2+ doublet sites existed in octahedral coordination. Combining results from both spectroscopic studies, the 1120- and 2020-nm optical bands were assigned to octahedral ferrous ions with a different degree of distortion rather than different coordinations. Further, we assigned the 375-nm band to the transition of octahedral ferric ions that are sensitive to the change of oxygen partial pressure in glass melting and 415-, 435-, and 485-nm bands to the transitions of the tetrahedral ferric ions that are insensitive to oxidation states of the melt. The effect of ferric and ferrous ions with different coordination environments on the glass immiscibility was elucidated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - IRON
KW  - LIQUID helium
N1  - Accession Number: 9160364; Kukkadapu, Ravi K. 1,2; Email Address: ravi.kukkadapu@pnl.gov Li, Hong 2 Smith, Gary L. 2 Crum, J.D. 2 Jeoung, Jun-Sik 3 Howard Poisl, W. 3 Weinberg, Michael C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 317 Issue 3, p301; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zimanowski, Bernd
AU  - Wohletz, Kenneth
AU  - Dellino, Pierfrancesco
AU  - Büttner, Ralf
T1  - The volcanic ash problem
JO  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
JF  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 122
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03770273
AB  - Explosive volcanic eruptions are the result of intensive magma and rock fragmentation, and they produce volcanic ash, which consists of fragments <2 mm in average diameter. The problem with volcanic ash is that its formation is poorly understood from the standpoint of eruption energetics. Because the source of explosive eruption energy should be the thermal energy of magma, and because an explosion requires rapid conversion of energy into a mechanical form, and because of the physical properties of magma thermal energy is dominantly released by conduction, the energy release on a short time scale (explosion) in volcanic processes has to be the result of a special mechanism, probably a positive feedback mechanism of fragmentation and heat exchange. In fact, the most explosive volcanic explosions are characterized by the most intensive fragmentation. In any fragmentation mechanism the generated particle sizes reflect the kinetic energy available (i.e. the fragmentation energy density). Consequently, fine ash (≤64 μm) provides information on fragmentation mechanisms that are the most energetic and related to the highest explosive energy release. In this letter we discuss mechanisms of formation of fine volcanic ash, using experimental results, theoretical considerations, and field observations. We focus on the potency of these mechanisms to explain fine ash produced by explosive volcanism. We conclude that quantitative analysis of fine ash particles is necessary to estimate the mechanical energy of volcanic explosions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - VOLCANIC hazard analysis
KW  - energy release
KW  - explosive volcanism
KW  - tephrogenesis
KW  - volcanic hazards
N1  - Accession Number: 9144001; Zimanowski, Bernd 1; Email Address: zimano@geologie.uni-wuerzburg.de Wohletz, Kenneth 2 Dellino, Pierfrancesco 3 Büttner, Ralf 1; Affiliation:  1: Physikalisch Vulkanologisches Labor, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  3: Dip. Geomineralogico, Universitá degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 122 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.; Subject Term: VOLCANIC hazard analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy release; Author-Supplied Keyword: explosive volcanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: tephrogenesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: volcanic hazards; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qu, Jun
AU  - Riester, Laura
AU  - Shih, Albert J.
AU  - Scattergood, Ronald O.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, Edgar
AU  - Watkins, Thomas R.
T1  - Nanoindentation characterization of surface layers of electrical discharge machined WC–Co
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 344
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 09215093
AB  - This study applies nanoindentation and other analysis techniques to investigate the influence of wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) process on the structure and properties of machined surface layers of WC–Co composites. Multiple indents were conducted on the cross-section of the surface recast layer, sub-surface heat-affected zone, and bulk material. The energy disperse X-ray spectrometry and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the material compositions in the heat-affected zone and recast layer and to study the electrical spark eroded surface. The indents were inspected by scanning electron microscopy to distinguish between regular and irregular indents in these three regions. Irregular indents were caused by the porosity, soft matrix material, separation of grain boundaries, and thermal cracks caused by EDM process. The hardness and modulus of elasticity obtained from regular indents in bulk material and heat-affected zone were comparable to those of WC. It was found that the recast layer had lower hardness and modulus of elasticity than the bulk material and heat-affected zone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - Electrical discharge machining
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Metal matrix ceramic composites
KW  - Nanoindentation
N1  - Accession Number: 8668159; Qu, Jun 1 Riester, Laura 1 Shih, Albert J. 2; Email Address: ajshih@eos.ncsu.edu Scattergood, Ronald O. 3 Lara-Curzio, Edgar 1 Watkins, Thomas R. 1; Affiliation:  1: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 7910, Raleigh, NC 27695-7910, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7907, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 344 Issue 1/2, p125; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical discharge machining; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal matrix ceramic composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Supatarawanich, V.
AU  - Johnson, D.R.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
T1  - Effects of microstructure on the oxidation behavior of multiphase Mo–Si–B alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 344
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 328
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The oxidation behavior of multiphase Mo–Mo5SiB2(T2)–Mo3Si alloys was examined in terms of different starting morphologies and volume fractions of the phases. The multiphase alloys were cast and heat-treated at 1600 °C before performing the cyclic oxidation tests at temperatures between 600 and 1300 °C. Alloys compositions were chosen near the Mo–T2 eutectic trough resulting in microstructures containing either primary Mo-dendrites or primary T2-dendrites. After cyclic oxidation tests at 800 °C, a Mo interfacial layer was found adjacent to the T2 phase along the oxide/matrix interface while a Mo5Si3 interfacial layer was found adjacent to the Mo3Si phase. For specimens tested at 1300 °C, a Mo+glass interfacial region was found. The multiphase alloys have a poor oxidation resistance at 800 °C due to the competing oxide formation of the Mo oxides and a silicate glass. However, a protective glass scale can form on these alloys at 1300 °C. The presence of Mo3Si was found to be an import source of Si in addition to the T2 phase in controlling the composition of the protective glass scale. The near-eutectic alloys with a fine dispersion of T2, Mo, and Mo3Si phases displayed the best overall oxidation resistance for the temperatures tested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - Mo3Si
KW  - Mo5SiB2 (T2)
KW  - Oxidation
N1  - Accession Number: 8668184; Supatarawanich, V. 1 Johnson, D.R. 1; Email Address: davidjoh@ecn.purdue.edu Liu, C.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Engineering, 1289 Materials and Electrical Engineering Building, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1289, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 344 Issue 1/2, p328; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mo3Si; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mo5SiB2 (T2); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Gong
AU  - Dorris, Stephen E.
AU  - Balachandran, Uthamalingam
AU  - Liu, Meilin
T1  - Interfacial resistances of Ni–BCY mixed-conducting membranes for hydrogen separation
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/03/15/
VL  - 159
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Accurate determination of interfacial polarization resistance is essential to characterization of solid-state electrochemical systems based on thin-film electrolytes or membranes. In this study, three methods have been used to determine the interfacial resistance of a composite membrane consisting of 40 vol.% Ni and 60 vol.% BaYxCe1−xO3. The interfacial resistances determined from the dependence of hydrogen permeation rate on membrane thickness were similar to those obtained from a combination of gas permeation with impedance spectroscopy (IS), implying that both approaches are applicable to the composite membrane. Results also indicate that the interfacial resistances are much greater than the bulk resistances under the conditions studied. Further improvement of the hydrogen permeation rate thus depends on reducing the interfacial polarization resistance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 9300492; Zhang, Gong 1,2 Dorris, Stephen E. 2; Email Address: dorris@anl.gov Balachandran, Uthamalingam 2 Liu, Meilin 1; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Building 212, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 159 Issue 1/2, p121; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: THIN films; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00871-8
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, I.
AU  - Kim, J.
AU  - Shin, D.H.
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
T1  - Deformation twins in pure titanium processed by equal channel angular pressing
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/03/17/
VL  - 48
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 813
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The structure of <f>{1 0 1¯ 1}</f> deformation twins in commercially pure titanium processed by equal channel angular pressing was examined by high resolution electron microscopy in an attempt to explain the accommodation of shear strain imposed by the pressing. The results indicate that various twinning dislocations were activated to produce twins that accommodated the imposed shear strain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - Equal channel angular pressing
KW  - HREM
KW  - Titanium
KW  - Twin
N1  - Accession Number: 8996485; Kim, I. 1 Kim, J. 1; Email Address: jina@hanyang.ac.kr Shin, D.H. 1 Liao, X.Z. 2 Zhu, Y.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgy & Materials Science, Hanyang University, Sa 1 Dong, Ansan Kyunggido 425-791, South Korea  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 48 Issue 6, p813; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Author-Supplied Keyword: Equal channel angular pressing; Author-Supplied Keyword: HREM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twin; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woolman, J.N.
AU  - Petrovic, J.J.
AU  - Munir, Z.A.
T1  - Incorporating Mg into the Si sub-lattice of molybdenum disilicide
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/03/17/
VL  - 48
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 819
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Theoretical analysis has identified Mg as the most promising element for this purpose, but its incorporation into MoSi2 has not been achieved. Through a combination of mechanical milling and field-activated synthesis, magnesium was successfully incorporated into the silicon sub-lattice of this silicide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - MICROALLOYING
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Field effect
KW  - Magnesium
KW  - Microalloying
KW  - Molybdenum Disilicide
KW  - SPS
N1  - Accession Number: 8996486; Woolman, J.N. 1 Petrovic, J.J. 2 Munir, Z.A. 1; Email Address: zamunir@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 48 Issue 6, p819; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: MICROALLOYING; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microalloying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum Disilicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Rosa, Michael
AU  - Marquez, Manuel
T1  - The use of an electrophile carrier to determine the number of intermediates in the chlorination of 1-methylpyrrole
JO  - Tetrahedron
JF  - Tetrahedron
Y1  - 2003/03/17/
VL  - 59
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2125
SN  - 00404020
AB  - A kinetic and product study of the dichloroacetic acid catalyzed chlorination of 1-methylpyrrole with 3- and 4-substituted N-chlorobenzamides was carried out. Protonated N-chlorobenzamides served as carriers of CI+. A Hammett correlation was obtained with ρ=−0.68 (r=0.98, n=8). General acid catalysis was observed with α=0.48 (r=0.99 and n=7). The yields of 2-chlorination (84±0.7%) and 3-chlorination (2.6±0.4%) were essentially constant (constant intramolecular selectivity) as the substituent on the N-chlorobenzamide was varied. Observation of constant intramolecular selectivity indicated that two intermediates were formed during the acid catalyzed chlorination of 1-methylpyrrole with N-chlorobenzamides. The carrier method is applicable to all types of aromatic systems and limited only by the availability of suitable carrier molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYRROLES
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - CHLORINATION
KW  - chlorination
KW  - electrophilic aromatic substitution
KW  - mechanism
KW  - pyrroles
N1  - Accession Number: 9232889; De Rosa, Michael 1; Email Address: mxd19@psu.edu Marquez, Manuel 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University Delaware County, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media, PA 19063, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemical Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Kraft R&D, The Nanotechnology Laboratory, 801 Waukegan Rd., Glenview, IL 60025, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 59 Issue 12, p2125; Subject Term: PYRROLES; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: CHLORINATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorination; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrophilic aromatic substitution; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: pyrroles; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-4020(03)00187-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwart, Stephen E.
T1  - James P. Lodge, Jr.: a tribute to an editor
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/03/20/
VL  - 37
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1160
SN  - 13522310
N1  - Accession Number: 9306605; Schwart, Stephen E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 9/10, p1160; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01006-3
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmidt, Rodney C.
AU  - Kerstein, Alan R.
AU  - Wunsch, Scott
AU  - Nilsen, Vebjorn
T1  - Near-wall LES closure based on one-dimensional turbulence modeling
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/03/20/
VL  - 186
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A novel near-wall LES closure model is developed based on a revised form of the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model of Kerstein and is tested by performing LES calculations of turbulent channel flow at Reynolds numbers based on friction velocity ranging from 395 to 10,000. In contrast to previous models, which invoke Reynolds averaging, near-wall velocity fluctuations and turbulent transport are simulated down to the smallest scales, and can be compared directly to DNS data. Thus, the approach provides more than just a boundary condition. Rather, it is itself a complete (although simplified) model for the wall-normal profiles of velocity within the near-wall region. LES/ODT coupling is bi-directional and occurs both through the direct calculation of the subgrid turbulent stress by temporally and spatially filtering the ODT-resolved momentum fluxes (up-scale coupling), and through the LES-resolved pressure and velocities impacting the ODT behavior (down-scale coupling). The formulation involves finely resolved ODT lines that are embedded within each wall-adjacent LES cell – denoted the inner region. LES cells that are within approximately one LES filter width of the inner region belong to an overlap region where both ODT and LES modeling is active. All other cells are treated using a standard LES approach. Although more expensive than simpler models, the cost of the model relative to the LES portion of the simulation scales favorably with problem size, leading to computationally affordable simulations even at relatively high Reynolds numbers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - REYNOLDS number
KW  - Channel flow
KW  - LES
KW  - Near-wall closure
KW  - ODT
KW  - Turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 9233560; Schmidt, Rodney C. 1; Email Address: rcschmi@sandia.gov Kerstein, Alan R. 2 Wunsch, Scott 2 Nilsen, Vebjorn 3; Affiliation:  1: Computational Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory L-039, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 186 Issue 1, p317; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: REYNOLDS number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Channel flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: LES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Near-wall closure; Author-Supplied Keyword: ODT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Number of Pages: 39p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00071-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shestakov, A.I.
AU  - Cohen, R.H.
AU  - Crotinger, J.A.
AU  - LoDestro, L.L.
AU  - Tarditi, A.
AU  - Xu, X.Q.
T1  - Corrigendum to: Self-consistent modeling of turbulence and transport [J. Comput. Phys. 185 (2003) 399–426]
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/03/20/
VL  - 186
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 360
SN  - 00219991
N1  - Accession Number: 9233557; Shestakov, A.I. 1 Cohen, R.H. 1 Crotinger, J.A.; Email Address: jcrotinger@mac.com LoDestro, L.L.; Email Address: lodestro@llnl.gov Tarditi, A.; Email Address: alfonso.g.tarditi1@jsc.nasa.gov Xu, X.Q. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 186 Issue 1, p360; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00047-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Dale W.
AU  - Benesch, Jody A.
AU  - Gustin, Mae S.
AU  - Schorran, David S.
AU  - Lindberg, Steven E.
AU  - Coleman, James S.
T1  - Experimental evidence against diffusion control of Hg evasion from soils
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2003/03/20/
VL  - 304
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00489697
AB  - Elemental Hg (Hg0) evolution from soils can be an important process and needs to be measured in more ecosystems. The diffusion model for soil gaseous efflux has been applied to modeling the fluxes of several gases in soils and deserves testing with regard to Hg0. As an initial test of this model, we examined soil gaseous Hg0 and CO2 concentrations at two depths (20 and 40 cm) over the course of a controlled environment study conducted in the EcoCELLs at the Desert Research Institute in Reno, Nevada. We also compared small, spatially distributed gas wells against the more commonly used large gas wells. In this study, two EcoCELLs were first watered (June 2000) and then planted (July 2000) with trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides). Following that, trees were harvested (October 2000) and one EcoCELL (EcoCELL 2) was replanted with aspen (25 April 2001). During most of the experiment, there was a strong vertical gradient of CO2 (increasing with depth, as is typical of a diffusion-driven process), but no vertical gradient of soil gaseous Hg0. Strong diel variations in soil gas Hg0 concentration were noted, whereas diel variations in CO2 were small and not statistically significant. Initial watering and planting caused increases in both soil gas CO2 and Hg0. Replanting in EcoCELL 2 caused a statistically significant increase in soil gas CO2 but not Hg0. Calculated Hg0 effluxes using the diffusion model produced values two orders of magnitude lower than those measured using field chambers placed directly on the soil or whole-cell fluxes. Neither soil gas Hg0 concentrations nor calculated fluxes were correlated with measured Hg0 efflux from soil or from whole EcoCELLs. We conclude that (1) soil gas Hg0 flux is not diffusion-driven and thus soil gas Hg0 concentrations cannot be used to calculated soil Hg0 efflux; (2) soil gas Hg0 concentrations are increased by watering dry soil, probably because of displacement/desorption processes; (3) soil gas Hg0 concentrations were unaffected by plants, suggesting that roots and rhizosphere processes are unimportant in controlling Hg0 evasion from the soil surface. We recommend the use of the small wells in all future studies because they are much easier to install and provide more resolution of spatial and temporal patterns in soil gaseous Hg0. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - EcoCELL
KW  - Hg0 evasion
KW  - Populus tremuloides
N1  - Accession Number: 9341711; Johnson, Dale W. 1 Benesch, Jody A. 1 Gustin, Mae S. 1; Email Address: mgustin@cabnr.unr.edu Schorran, David S. 2 Lindberg, Steven E. 3 Coleman, James S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fleischmann Agriculture Building, MS 370, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  2: Division of Earth and Ecosystem Science, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 304 Issue 1-3, p175; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: EcoCELL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hg0 evasion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populus tremuloides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00567-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henyk, Matthias
AU  - Joly, Alan G.
AU  - Beck, Kenneth M.
AU  - Hess, Wayne P.
T1  - Photon stimulated desorption from KI: Laser control of I-atom velocity distributions
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/03/20/
VL  - 528
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Irradiation of cleaved KI single crystals with photons near the bulk absorption threshold between 5.1 and 6.0 eV produces hyper-thermal I(2P3/2) emission with a minor thermal component, and with little spin orbit excited I(2P1/2) emission. The I-atom kinetic energy distribution may be tuned by choice of photon energy indicating that control of photon energy and pulse power can produce I-atoms in selectable quantities and velocity distributions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL desorption
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - Alkali halides
KW  - Desorption induced by photon stimulation
KW  - Laser methods
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 9232024; Henyk, Matthias 1 Joly, Alan G. 1 Beck, Kenneth M. 1 Hess, Wayne P.; Email Address: wayne.hess@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 528 Issue 1-3, p219; Subject Term: THERMAL desorption; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkali halides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desorption induced by photon stimulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)02636-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siino, Joseph S.
AU  - Yau, Peter M.
AU  - Imai, Brian S.
AU  - Gatewood, Joe M.
AU  - Morton Bradbury, E.
T1  - Effect of DNA length and H4 acetylation on the thermal stability of reconstituted nucleosome particles
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 302
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 885
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - To examine the factors involved with nucleosome stability, we reconstituted nonacetylated particles containing various lengths (192, 162, and 152 base pairs) of DNA onto the Lytechinus variegatus nucleosome positioning sequence in the absence of linker histone. We characterized the particles and examined their thermal stability. DNA of less than chromatosome length (168 base pairs) produces particles with altered denaturation profiles, possibly caused by histone rearrangement in those core-like particles. We also examined the effects of tetra-acetylation of histone H4 on the thermal stability of reconstituted nucleosome particles. Tetra-acetylation of H4 reduces the nucleosome thermal stability by 0.8 °C as compared with nonacetylated particles. This difference is close to values published comparing bulk nonacetylated nucleosomes and core particles to ones enriched for core histone acetylation, suggesting that H4 acetylation has a dominant effect on nucleosome particle energetics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETYLATION
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - Acetylation
KW  - Nucleosome
KW  - Thermal denaturation
N1  - Accession Number: 9233328; Siino, Joseph S. 1; Email Address: jssiino@ucdavis.edu Yau, Peter M. 2,3 Imai, Brian S. 4 Gatewood, Joe M. 5 Morton Bradbury, E. 2,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA  2: Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California 95616, USA  3: Department of Cell and Structural Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  4: Protein Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA  5: SeiraD, Inc., 3900 Paseo del Sol, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87507, USA  6: Bioscience Division, MSM 888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 302 Issue 4, p885; Subject Term: ACETYLATION; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acetylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleosome; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal denaturation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00277-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagar, Bhushan
AU  - Hantschel, Oliver
AU  - Young, Matthew A.
AU  - Scheffzek, Klaus
AU  - Veach, Darren
AU  - Bornmann, William
AU  - Clarkson, Bayard
AU  - Superti-Furga, Giulio
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural Basis for the Autoinhibition of c-Abl Tyrosine Kinase
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 112
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 859
SN  - 00928674
AB  - c-Abl is normally regulated by an autoinhibitory mechanism, the disruption of which leads to chronic myelogenous leukemia. The details of this mechanism have been elusive because c-Abl lacks a phosphotyrosine residue that triggers the assembly of the autoinhibited form of the closely related Src kinases by internally engaging the SH2 domain. Crystal structures of c-Abl show that the N-terminal myristoyl modification of c-Abl 1b binds to the kinase domain and induces conformational changes that allow the SH2 and SH3 domains to dock onto it. Autoinhibited c-Abl forms an assembly that is strikingly similar to that of inactive Src kinases but with specific differences that explain the differential ability of the drug STI-571/Gleevec/imatinib (STI-571) to inhibit the catalytic activity of Abl, but not that of c-Src. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MYELOID leukemia
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ANEMIA
KW  - LEUKEMIA
N1  - Accession Number: 9483466; Nagar, Bhushan 1 Hantschel, Oliver 2 Young, Matthew A. 1 Scheffzek, Klaus 3 Veach, Darren 4 Bornmann, William 4 Clarkson, Bayard 4 Superti-Furga, Giulio 2,5; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu Kuriyan, John 1,6; Email Address: superti@embl-heidelberg.de; Affiliation:  1: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Developmental Biology Programme, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany  3: Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany  4: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021 USA  5: Cellzome AG, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany  6: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: 3/21/2003, Vol. 112 Issue 6, p859; Subject Term: MYELOID leukemia; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: ANEMIA; Subject Term: LEUKEMIA; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00194-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marlies Hankel
AU  - Gabriel G. Balint-Kurti
AU  - Stephen K. Gray
T1  - Sinc wave packets: New form of wave packet for time-dependent quantum mechanical reactive scattering calculations.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 92
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 211
SN  - 00207608
AB  - A new form of wave packet, the sinc wave packet, is defined. The wave packet has some advantages for use in time-dependent quantum mechanical reactive scattering calculations. These advantages consist of the fact that it possesses a reasonable constant amplitude over a range of momenta or energies. Quantum mechanical calculations undertaken using such a wave packet will therefore result in a more even-handed treatment of all the energies within the range of energies treated by the calculation. Test calculations demonstrate that the new sinc wave packets always yield slightly more accurate results than equivalent Gaussian wave packets. They are also easier to use because the range of energies they effectively cover may be more easily assessed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE packets
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 20436117; Marlies Hankel 1 Gabriel G. Balint-Kurti 1 Stephen K. Gray 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, The University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 92 Issue 2, p205; Subject Term: WAVE packets; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Merkel, Petra
T1  - The CDF silicon detector upgrade and performance
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 501
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The CDF silicon tracking and vertexing system for Run2a of the Tevatron consists of eight layers, arranged in cylinders, spanning radii from 1.35 to <f>28 cm</f>, and lengths from <f>90 cm</f> to nearly <f>2 m</f> for a total of <f>6 m2</f> of silicon and 722,000 readout channels. This article will cover the last phase of detector assembly as well as the internal alignment of the subdetectors. The installation of the silicon into the main CDF detector, its commissioning and data taking will be discussed. First results will show signal to noise and charge collection of the ladders as well as the global alignment of the CDF drift chamber and the silicon detector with respect to each other and to the beam. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CDF
KW  - Commissioning
KW  - Construction
KW  - Detector
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 9498742; Merkel, Petra 1; Email Address: petra@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, MS 318, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 501 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Commissioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Construction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02003-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quinn, Breese
T1  - The D0 silicon microstrip tracker
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 501
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The D0 collaboration has completed building a 793,000 channel silicon microstrip tracker for the D0 upgrade. The tracker consists of 768 ladder and wedge assemblies including both single- and double-sided detectors. Detector readout utilizes the SVX-IIE radiation hard chip with on-chip digitization and sparsification. A brief review of the detector design is presented along with results from the assembly and testing processes. The operation of the full readout chain and the performance of the silicon tracker are described. Finally, lessons for future production of large scale tracking systems are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITION sensitive particle detectors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Particle detectors
KW  - Silicon trackers
N1  - Accession Number: 9498743; Quinn, Breese 1; Email Address: quinn@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batvia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 501 Issue 1, p7; Subject Term: POSITION sensitive particle detectors; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon trackers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02004-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Re, V.
AU  - Borean, C.
AU  - Bozzi, C.
AU  - Carassiti, V.
AU  - Ramusino, A. Cotta
AU  - Piemontese, L.
AU  - Breon, A.B.
AU  - Brown, D.
AU  - Clark, A.R.
AU  - Goozen, F.
AU  - Hernikl, C.
AU  - Kerth, L.T.
AU  - Gritsan, A.
AU  - Lynch, G.
AU  - Perazzo, A.
AU  - Roe, N.A.
AU  - Zizka, G.
AU  - Roberts, D.
AU  - Schieck, J.
AU  - Brenna, E.
T1  - Performance of the BABAR silicon vertex tracker
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 501
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) of the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II asymmetric B factory is a five layer double sided, AC coupled silicon microstrip detector. It represents the crucial element to precisely measure the decay position of B mesons. The SVT architecture is shown and its performances, like hit resolutions and efficiencies, are described. Radiation issues are discussed and the alignment procedure for the SVT is described. As an example for the physics performance the B lifetime measurement, including B vertex reconstruction, is shown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - STRIP transmission lines
KW  - Alignment
KW  - BABAR
KW  - Performance
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 9498744; Re, V. 1 Borean, C. 2 Bozzi, C. 2 Carassiti, V. 2 Ramusino, A. Cotta 2 Piemontese, L. 2 Breon, A.B. 3 Brown, D. 3 Clark, A.R. 3 Goozen, F. 3 Hernikl, C. 3 Kerth, L.T. 3 Gritsan, A. 3 Lynch, G. 3 Perazzo, A. 3 Roe, N.A. 3 Zizka, G. 3 Roberts, D. 4 Schieck, J. 4; Email Address: schieck@mppmu.mpg.de Brenna, E. 5; Affiliation:  1: INFN-Pavia and Università di Bergamo, Italy  2: INFN-Ferrara and Università, di, Italy  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  4: University of Maryland, USA  5: INFN-Milano and Università di Milano, Italy; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 501 Issue 1, p14; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: STRIP transmission lines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: BABAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02005-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiodini, G.
AU  - Appel, J.A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Christian, D.C.
AU  - Coluccia, M.R.
AU  - Hoff, J.
AU  - Kwan, S.W.
AU  - Mekkaoui, A.
AU  - Yarema, R.
AU  - Zimmermann, S.
T1  - Single event effects in the pixel readout chip for BTeV
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 501
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In future experiments the readout electronics for pixel detectors is required to be resistant to a very high radiation level. In this paper we report on irradiation tests performed on several preFPIX2 prototype pixel readout chips for the BTeV experiment exposed to a 200 MeV proton beam. The prototype chips have been implemented in commercial <f>0.25 μm</f> CMOS processes following radiation tolerant design rules. The results show that this ASIC design tolerates a large total radiation dose, and that radiation induced Single Event Effects occur at a manageable level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION tolerance
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - Pixel detector
KW  - Radiation tolerance
KW  - Single event effects
N1  - Accession Number: 9498769; Chiodini, G.; Email Address: chiodini@fnal.gov Appel, J.A. 1 Cardoso, G. 1 Christian, D.C. 1 Coluccia, M.R. 1 Hoff, J. 1 Kwan, S.W. 1 Mekkaoui, A. 1 Yarema, R. 1 Zimmermann, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, MS 122, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 501 Issue 1, p183; Subject Term: RADIATION tolerance; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single event effects; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02030-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Affolder, A.
AU  - Garcia-Sciveres, M.
AU  - Goldstein, J.
AU  - Hill, C.
AU  - Stuart, D.
AU  - Volobouev, I.
T1  - The effect of dead-timeless silicon strip readout at CDF II
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 501
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Run IIa CDF Silicon Upgrade has recently finished installation. The detector uses revision D of the SVX3 readout IC. This final revision incorporated new features in order to improve the potential of dead-timeless operation. This paper describes measurements of dead-timeless effects on silicon strip readout on the test bench. This paper also describes tests of the dynamic pedestal subtraction circuitry, which is shown to improve greatly the dead-timeless performance of the silicon systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Dead-timeless
KW  - Pedestal subtraction
KW  - Silicon strip
KW  - SVX3D
N1  - Accession Number: 9498772; Affolder, A. 1; Email Address: affolder@fnal.gov Garcia-Sciveres, M. 1 Goldstein, J. 2 Hill, C. 3 Stuart, D. 3 Volobouev, I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 50B-5239, Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 501 Issue 1, p197; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dead-timeless; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pedestal subtraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon strip; Author-Supplied Keyword: SVX3D; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02033-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ashmanskas, B.
AU  - Barchiesi, A.
AU  - Bardi, A.
AU  - Bari, M.
AU  - Baumgart, M.
AU  - Belforte, Stefano
AU  - Berryhill, J.
AU  - Bogdan, M.
AU  - Carosi, R.
AU  - Cerri, A.
AU  - Chlachidze, G.
AU  - Culberston, R.
AU  - Dell'Orso, M.
AU  - Donati, S.
AU  - Fiori, I.
AU  - Frisch, H.
AU  - Galeotti, S.
AU  - Giannetti, P.
AU  - Glagolev, V.
AU  - Leger, A.
T1  - Initial experience with the CDF SVT trigger
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 501
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) is a device that works inside the CDF Level 2 trigger to find and fit tracks in real time using the central silicon vertex detector information. SVT starts from tracks found by the Level 1 central chamber fast trigger and adds the silicon information to compute transverse track parameters with offline quality in about <f>15 μs</f>. The CDF SVT is fully installed and functional and has been exercised with real data during the spring and summer 2001. It is a complex digital device of more than 100 VME boards that performs a dramatic data reduction (only about one event in a thousand is accepted by the trigger). Diagnosing rare failures poses a special challenge and SVT internal data flow is monitored by dedicated hardware and software. This paper briefly covers the SVT architecture and design and reports on the SVT building/commissioning experience (hardware and software) and on the first results from the initial running. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATTERN perception
KW  - POSITION sensitive particle detectors
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - position sensitive detectors
KW  - Real time pattern recognition
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Trigger
N1  - Accession Number: 9498773; Ashmanskas, B. 1 Barchiesi, A. 2 Bardi, A. 3 Bari, M. 4 Baumgart, M. 1 Belforte, Stefano 4; Email Address: belforte@fnal.gov Berryhill, J. 1 Bogdan, M. 1 Carosi, R. 3 Cerri, A. 5 Chlachidze, G. 6 Culberston, R. 1 Dell'Orso, M. 3 Donati, S. 3 Fiori, I. 7 Frisch, H. 1 Galeotti, S. 3 Giannetti, P. 3 Glagolev, V. 6 Leger, A. 8; Affiliation:  1: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  2: INFN, Sezione di Roma I and University La Sapienza, I-00173 Roma, Italy  3: INFN, University and Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy  4: INFN, Sezione di Trieste, I-34012 Trieste, Italy  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia  7: University of Padova and INFN, Sezione di Padova, I-35031 Padova, Italy  8: University of Geneva, CH-122 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 501 Issue 1, p201; Subject Term: PATTERN perception; Subject Term: POSITION sensitive particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: position sensitive detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Real time pattern recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02034-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9498773&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Michael H.L.S.
T1  - BTeV Level 1 vertex trigger
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 501
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
SN  - 01689002
AB  - BTeV is a <f>B</f>-physics experiment that expects to begin collecting data at the C0 interaction region of the Fermilab Tevatron in the year 2007. Its primary goal is to achieve unprecedented levels of sensitivity in the study of CP violation, mixing, and rare decays in <f>b</f> and <f>c</f> quark systems. In order to realize this, it will employ a state-of-the-art first-level vertex trigger (Level 1) that will look at every beam crossing to identify detached secondary vertices that provide evidence for heavy quark decays. This talk will briefly describe the BTeV detector and trigger, focus on the software and hardware aspects of the Level 1 vertex trigger, and describe work currently being done in these areas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VERTEX detectors
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - BTeV
KW  - Trigger
KW  - Vertex
N1  - Accession Number: 9498775; Wang, Michael H.L.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 501 Issue 1, p214; Subject Term: VERTEX detectors; Subject Term: QUARKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: BTeV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertex; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02036-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snider, F.D.
T1  - Vertexing algorithms at hadron colliders
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/03/21/
VL  - 501
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper examines the performance of vertex algorithms used for B-tagging in <f>tt¯</f> events at CDF during Run 1 at the Fermilab <f>p¯p</f> collider and discusses the main principles that led to the most dramatic improvements in performance. Some further implications for algorithm and detector design are also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - B-tagging
KW  - Particle identification
KW  - Track data analysis
KW  - Vertex detector
N1  - Accession Number: 9498779; Snider, F.D. 1; Email Address: rs@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Fermilab MS-318, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 501 Issue 1, p233; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: B-tagging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Track data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertex detector; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02040-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beyerlein, I.J.
AU  - Lebensohn, R.A.
AU  - Tomé, C.N.
T1  - Modeling texture and microstructural evolution in the equal channel angular extrusion process
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/03/25/
VL  - 345
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
SN  - 09215093
AB  - In this work, we develop a modeling framework for predicting the visco-plastic deformation, microstructural evolution (distributions of grain shape and size) and texture evolution in polycrystalline materials during the equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process, a discontinuous process of severe shear straining. The foundation of this framework is a visco-plastic self-consistent (VPSC) scheme. We consider a 90° die angle and simulate ECAE up to four passes for four processing routes, (A, C, BA and BC, as denoted in the literature) for an FCC polycrystalline material. We assume that the FCC single crystal has a constant critical resolved shear stress (CRSS), so that hardening by dislocation activity is suppressed, and the influence of grain shape distribution and texture as well as their interaction can be isolated. Many deformation microstructural features, such as grain size and shape distribution, texture, and geometric hardening–softening, were highly dependent on processing route. Using a grain subdivision criterion based on grain shape, route A was the most effective, then route BA and route BC and lastly route C, the least effective for grain size refinement, in agreement with redundant strain theory. For producing refined equiaxed grains, route BC was more effective than routes BA and A. We show that grain–grain interactions tend to weaken texture evolution and consequently geometric hardening and softening in all routes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VISCOPLASTICITY
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Grain refinement
KW  - Grain size and shape distributions
KW  - Grain–grain interactions
KW  - Severe plastic deformation
KW  - Strain path changes
KW  - Visco-plasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 8902136; Beyerlein, I.J.; Email Address: irene@lanl.gov Lebensohn, R.A. 1 Tomé, C.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 345 Issue 1/2, p122; Subject Term: VISCOPLASTICITY; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain size and shape distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain–grain interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Severe plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain path changes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visco-plasticity; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayashi, Hisashi
AU  - Udagawa, Yasuo
AU  - Caliebe, Wolfgang A.
AU  - Kao, Chi-Chang
T1  - Lifetime-broadening removed X-ray absorption near edge structure by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/03/28/
VL  - 371
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A novel method to measure lifetime-broadening removed (LBR) X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra is presented. It makes use of monochromatic incident X-rays near resonant condition as well as a high-resolution spectrometer. Fine structures observed in the resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectra are compared to high-resolution fluorescent excitation XANES spectra for several copper compounds, demonstrating that the present method can be employed to obtain LBR-XANES. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SPECTROMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 9289640; Hayashi, Hisashi 1; Email Address: hayashi@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp Udagawa, Yasuo 1 Caliebe, Wolfgang A. 2 Kao, Chi-Chang 2; Affiliation:  1: IMRAM, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 371 Issue 1/2, p125; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SPECTROMETRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00220-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marin, Timothy W.
AU  - Jonah, Charles D.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
T1  - Reaction of <f>OH*</f> radicals with <f>H2</f> in sub-critical water
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/03/28/
VL  - 371
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The rate constant for the reaction of hydroxyl radicals (<f>OH⋅</f>) with hydrogen in aqueous solutions has been measured from 200 to 350 °C by competition kinetics using nitrobenzene as a competing <f>OH*</f> scavenger. Measurements below 250 °C agree with previous results in other laboratories. At higher temperatures, the rate constant undershoots an extrapolation of the Arrhenius plot and actually decreases in value above 275 °C. At 350 °C, the measured rate constant is more than a factor of 5 below the Arrhenius extrapolation. We propose an explanation based largely on the hydrophobic solvation properties of the <f>H2</f> molecule. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROXYL group
KW  - NITROBENZENE
N1  - Accession Number: 9289664; Marin, Timothy W. 1 Jonah, Charles D. 1 Bartels, David M.; Email Address: bartels@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 371 Issue 1/2, p144; Subject Term: HYDROXYL group; Subject Term: NITROBENZENE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00064-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9289664&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bessette, G.C.
AU  - Becker, E.B.
AU  - Taylor, L.M.
AU  - Littlefield, D.L.
T1  - Modeling of impact problems using an h-adaptive, explicit Lagrangian finite element method in three dimensions
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2003/03/28/
VL  - 192
IS  - 13/14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1649
SN  - 00457825
AB  - An h-adaptive algorithm was developed to enhance modeling of 3D impact problems. The algorithm utilizes a recovery-based error indicator involving the root mean square error of the Green–Lagrange strain. This indicator proved effective for identifying refinements in the contact region, which lead to improved solution accuracy. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated for both a reverse Taylor impact test and a ballistic penetration problem. Both the algorithm and implementation issues are discussed herein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMPACT (Mechanics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Ballistic penetration
KW  - Gradient recovery
KW  - h-Adaptivity
KW  - Impact
N1  - Accession Number: 9231921; Bessette, G.C. 1; Email Address: gcbesse@sandia.gov Becker, E.B. 2 Taylor, L.M. 3 Littlefield, D.L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Physics and Simulation Frameworks (9232), P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0820, USA  2: Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78759, USA  3: TeraScale LLC, Cedar Crest, NM 87008, USA  4: The Institute for Advanced Technology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78759, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 192 Issue 13/14, p1649; Subject Term: IMPACT (Mechanics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ballistic penetration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gradient recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: h-Adaptivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-7825(02)00657-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Busso, Didier
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hou
T1  - Expression of soluble recombinant proteins in a cell-free system using a 96-well format
JO  - Journal of Biochemical & Biophysical Methods
JF  - Journal of Biochemical & Biophysical Methods
Y1  - 2003/03/28/
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 0165022X
AB  - For structural and functional genomics programs, new high-throughput methods to obtain well-expressing and highly soluble proteins are essential. Here, we describe a rapid procedure to express recombinant proteins in an Escherichia coli cell-free system using a 96-well format. The identification of soluble proteins is performed by the Dot Blot procedure using an anti-His tag antibody. The applications and the automation of this method are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biochemical & Biophysical Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - RECOMBINANT proteins
KW  - Automation
KW  - Cell-free
KW  - Expression
KW  - Recombinant proteins
KW  - Screening
KW  - Solubility
N1  - Accession Number: 9546005; Busso, Didier 1; Email Address: djbusso@lbl.gov Kim, Rosalind 2 Kim, Sung-Hou 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 314 Calvin Lab MS5230, CA 94720-5230, USA  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 55 Issue 3, p233; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: RECOMBINANT proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell-free; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombinant proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Screening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solubility; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0165-022X(03)00049-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fenter, Paul
T1  - Synchrotron radiation: earth, environmental and material sciences applications: Grant S. Henderson and Don R. Baker, Editors (Short Course Series, Vol. 30, Robert Raeside, Series Editor), Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ontario, Canada, 2002, 178 pp., ISBN 0-921294-30-1 ($40)
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2003/03/30/
VL  - 194
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 349
SN  - 00092541
N1  - Accession Number: 9191455; Fenter, Paul 1; Email Address: fenter@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, ER-203, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 194 Issue 4, p349; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00364-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spieker, W.A.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Hao, X.
AU  - Miller, J.T.
AU  - Kropf, A.J.
AU  - Regalbuto, J.R.
T1  - An EXAFS study of the coordination chemistry of hydrogen hexachloroplatinate (IV): 2. Speciation of complexes adsorbed onto alumina
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2003/03/31/
VL  - 243
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - The changes in coordination chemistry that occur as chloroaquohydroxo platinate complexes adsorb over alumina have been studied using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis at the advanced photon source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory. Our earlier study of Pt complexes in the liquid phase [Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 232 (2002) 219] is used as a starting point. Samples were prepared both in excess solution with 200 ppm chloroplatinic acid (CPA), and using pore volume impregnation with higher CPA concentrations to give loadings of 0.25 to 4.25 wt.% Pt. The changes in coordination chemistry of chloroaquohydroxo platinate complexes adsorbing over alumina need not invoke a “triple layer” theory, which incorporates surface grafting reactions, but are more readily explained by refinements to the “double layer” theory which is the kernel of the Revised Physical Adsorption model [Chem. Eng. Sci. 56 (2000) 2365]. The changes in speciation of adsorbing CPA complexes appear to be influenced first by the change in the bulk pH brought on by the oxide buffering effect, second by the additional pH change at the (single) layer of adsorption at the alumina surface, and third by the chloride concentration at this local level. At low surface loadings, pH shifts are minimized and the amount of chloride near the adsorption plane appears to be low. Platinum complexes adsorb with low Pt–Cl/Pt–O bond ratios, even when present in the bulk solution as hexachlorides. The adsorbed species appear to behave as in the liquid phase at the pH of the adsorption plane with no excess chloride. At high surface loadings such as with pore volume impregnation, the pH shifts toward the alumina PZC are very large but all chloride is kept in the pore volume. At high Pt loadings, high chloride concentration appears to dominate the Pt speciation and Pt–Cl coordination in the adsorbed complexes remains high, as occurs in the liquid phase in excess chloride. The adsorption of Pt from solutions in which zero-valent species are thought to initially exist can be explained by mechanisms in which either rapid OH–H2O exchange occurs at the higher pH of the adsorption plane, creating a dianionic adsorbing complex, or a surface protonation reaction, which creates a dianionic adsorbed complex in concert with surface charging. Both mechanisms are consistent with an electrostatic adsorption mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CHLOROPLATINIC acid
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Chloroplatinic acid
KW  - Electric double layer
KW  - H2PtCl6 hydrolysis
KW  - Hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV)
KW  - Pt EXAFS
N1  - Accession Number: 9288897; Spieker, W.A. 1 Liu, J. 1 Hao, X. 1 Miller, J.T. 2 Kropf, A.J. 3 Regalbuto, J.R. 1; Email Address: jrr@uic.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois, MC 110 810 S Clinton Street, Chicago, IL 60607 7000, USA  2: BP Research Center, E-1F, 15l0 W Warrenville Road, Naperville, IL 60563, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, 9700 Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 243 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CHLOROPLATINIC acid; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloroplatinic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric double layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: H2PtCl6 hydrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(IV); Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt EXAFS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0926-860X(02)00537-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R.K.
T1  - Recombination processes and lifetime measurements in silicon photovoltaics
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/03/31/
VL  - 76
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Recombination lifetime is one of the critical parameters in the search for cost-competitive photovoltaic technologies. Each technology has specific materials issues with respect to the role of recombination lifetime in the potential success of that technology. The dominant commercial technology for low-cost deployment of photovoltaics is currently based on various growth methods of bulk silicon. For low-cost terrestrial applications, the objective is to compromise efficiency while maximizing the efficiency-to-cost ratio. A frequent and cost-efficient tactic is to develop low-cost silicon purification and gettering processes, assessing the effectiveness of the latter by lifetime measurements. The recombination mechanism that affects low-cost silicon photovoltaics is the impurity-related Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) process, and SRH-impurity removal is of primary concern. Here, I will present some results from a photovoltaic device model that links a theoretical efficiency to a given range of recombination lifetimes. Specialized measurement techniques are needed to get meaningful information about recombination lifetimes for these low-cost materials. Described here is a contactless photoconductive decay measurement system that has proven to be successful for most of these materials. Experimental results on a range of low-cost silicon alternatives will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS -- Recombination
KW  - HALL Heroult process
KW  - Lifetime
KW  - Photovoltaics
KW  - Recombination process
KW  - Shockley–Read–Hall process
KW  - Si
N1  - Accession Number: 8998114; Ahrenkiel, R.K. 1; Email Address: richard_ahrenkiel@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO, 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2003, Vol. 76 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS -- Recombination; Subject Term: HALL Heroult process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lifetime; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shockley–Read–Hall process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lo, Wei-Cheng
AU  - Sposito, Garrison
AU  - Majer, Ernest
T1  - Erratum to “Immiscible two-phase fluid flows in deformable porous media” [Advances in Water Resources 25 (2002) 1105–1117]
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 473
SN  - 03091708
N1  - Accession Number: 9143722; Lo, Wei-Cheng 1 Sposito, Garrison; Email Address: gsposito@nature.berkeley.edu Majer, Ernest 1; Affiliation:  1: Department for Geophysics and Geomechanics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Hilgard Hall #3110, Berkeley, CA 94720-3110, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p473; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00007-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freedman, V.L.
AU  - Saripalli, K.P.
AU  - Meyer, P.D.
T1  - Influence of mineral precipitation and dissolution on hydrologic properties of porous media in static and dynamic systems
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 589
SN  - 08832927
AB  - A critical component in determining the suitability of disposing glassified, low activity waste is the identification of key mineral assemblages affecting the porosity and permeability of both the glass and near- and far-field materials. In this study, two different classes of geochemical models are used to identify mineral precipitation and dissolution potentials for an immobilized low-activity waste (ILAW) disposal facility in Hanford, Washington. The first is a static geochemical model that does not consider the effects of transport. The second model is dynamic, and combines geochemical reactions with hydrogeological processes such as advection, diffusion and dispersion. This reactive transport model also includes an innovative application of a depositional film model for determining changes in permeability due to mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions. Although both models describe solid-aqueous phase reactions kinetically, the two models identify two different sets of mineral assemblages affecting the porosity and permeability of the media. These markedly different results are due to transport considerations, the most significant of which are the spatial variability in aqueous concentrations, and advection and diffusion of dissolved glass constituents into the backfill materials. This work shows that for the prediction of geochemical behavior of engineered systems, such as the ILAW disposal facility, the traditional reaction path modeling approach is not sufficient for an accurate assessment of the precipitation of key mineral assemblages and their effect on the geochemical and hydraulic behavior of the waste glass. Reactive transport modeling improves this assessment significantly. The static model is useful in identifying potential minerals to be included in the reactive transport simulations. The dynamic model, however, ultimately determines the key mineral assemblages affecting both the geochemical behavior and the hydraulic properties of the waste glass in the presence of a flowing aqueous phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Geochemical modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 9008543; Freedman, V.L. 1; Saripalli, K.P.; Email Address: prasad.saripalli@pnl.gov; Meyer, P.D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1318 Sigma V Complex (K6-81), Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p589; Subject Term: Minerals; Subject Term: Geochemical modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G.L.
T1  - Plutonium disproportionation: the relation of work integrals
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 58
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Two plutonium work integrals have been demonstrated in recent years. One of them applies to the work of disproportionation and the other to the work of oxidation of plutonium from the trivalent to a higher oxidation state. This paper illustrates the connection of the integrals by an example and a diagram. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Balanced equations
KW  - Disproportionation
KW  - Free energy
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Work
N1  - Accession Number: 9401647; Silver, G.L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory,<fn id="fn1">Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36.</fn> P.O. Box 1663, MS E500, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 58 Issue 4, p451; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Balanced equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disproportionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Work; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-8043(03)00034-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - James K. Fredrickson
AU  - Sreenivas Kota
AU  - Ravi K. Kukkadapu
AU  - Chongxuan Liu
AU  - John M. Zachara
T1  - Influence of Electron Donor/Acceptor Concentrations on Hydrous Ferric Oxide (HFO) Bioreduction.
JO  - Biodegradation
JF  - Biodegradation
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 103
SN  - 09239820
AB  - Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) facilitate the reduction of Fe and Mn oxides in anoxic soils and sediments and play an important role in the cycling of these metals and other elements such as carbon in aqueous environments. Previous studies investigating the reduction of Fe(III) oxides by DMRB focused on reactions under constant initial electron donor (lactate) and electron acceptor (Fe oxide) concentrations. Because the concentrations of these reactants can vary greatly in the environment and would be expected to influence the rate and extent of oxide reduction, the influence of variable electron acceptor and donor concentrations on hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) bioreduction was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted in pH 7 HCO3– buffered media using Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32. In general, the rate of Fe(III) reduction decreased with increasing HFO:lactate ratios, resulting in a relatively greater proportion of crystalline Fe(III) oxides of relatively low availability for DMRB. HFO was transformed to a variety of crystalline minerals including goethite, lepidocrocite, and siderite but was almost completely dissolved at high lactate to HFO ratios. These results indicate that electron donor and acceptor concentrations can greatly impact the bioreduction of HFO and the suite of Fe minerals formed as a result of reduction. The respiration driven rate of Fe(II) formation from HFO is believed to be a primary factor governing the array of ferrous and ferric iron phases formed during reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biodegradation is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ferric oxide
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Hydrophilidae
KW  - Iron ores
N1  - Accession Number: 20387724; James K. Fredrickson 1; Sreenivas Kota 1; Ravi K. Kukkadapu 1; Chongxuan Liu 1; John M. Zachara 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p91; Thesaurus Term: Ferric oxide; Subject Term: Electrons; Subject Term: Hydrophilidae; Subject Term: Iron ores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - West, Tristram O.
AU  - Marland, Gregg
T1  - Net carbon flux from agriculture: Carbon emissions, carbon sequestration, crop yield, and land-use change.
JO  - Biogeochemistry
JF  - Biogeochemistry
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 63
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 83
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01682563
AB  - There is a potential to sequester carbon in soil by changing agricultural management practices. These changes in agricultural management can also result in changes in fossil-fuel use, agricultural inputs, and the carbon emissions associated with fossil fuels and other inputs. Management practices that alter crop yields and land productivity can affect the amount of land used for crop production with further significant implications for both emissions and sequestration potential. Data from a 20-year agricultural experiment were used to analyze carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, crop yield, and land-use change and to estimate the impact that carbon sequestration strategies might have on the net flux of carbon to the atmosphere. Results indicate that if changes in management result in decreased crop yields, the net carbon flux can be greater under the new system, assuming that crop demand remains the same and additional lands are brought into production. Conversely, if increasing crop yields lead to land abandonment, the overall carbon savings from changes in management will be greater than when soil carbon sequestration alone is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biogeochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Carbon in soils
KW  - Crop yields
KW  - Nitrogen fertilizers
KW  - Agricultural productivity
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Conservation tillage
KW  - Greenhouse gas mitigation
KW  - Nitrogen fertilizer
KW  - Soil organic matter
N1  - Accession Number: 14793928; West, Tristram O. 1; Email Address: westto@ornl.gov; Marland, Gregg 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6335, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 63 Issue 1, p73; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Carbon in soils; Thesaurus Term: Crop yields; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen fertilizers; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural productivity; Subject Term: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation tillage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse gas mitigation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen fertilizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325314 Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaczmarski
AU  - K.
AU  - Zhou
AU  - D.
AU  - Gubernak
AU  - M.
AU  - Guiochon
AU  - G.
T1  - Equivalent Models of Indanol Isomers Adsorption on Cellulose Tribenzoate.
JO  - Biotechnology Progress
JF  - Biotechnology Progress
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
EP  - 463
SN  - 87567938
AB  - The adsorption isotherm data of (R)- and (S)-1-indanol and of their racemic mixture on cellulose tribenzoate were measured by frontal analysis. The experimental data for each enantiomers were fitted to the single-component bilangmuir isotherm model. The competitive experimental data were fitted to the ideal adsorption solution model (IAS), the real adsorption solution model (RAS), and the bilangmuir thermodynamically consistent model (BTC). The mass transfer kinetic parameters were estimated from systematic comparisons between the experimental single-component band profiles and profiles calculated using the general rate model (GR) of chromatography coupled with the generalized Maxwell-Stefan equation (GMS). The validation of the isotherm model and of the mass transfer kinetic model was made by comparing the experimental band profiles obtained for solutions of the two enantiomers and those calculated with the competitive GR-GMS model. The excellent agreement observed proves that a combination of the BTC isotherm model and the GMS kinetic model, using the best values of the BTC and GMS parameters estimated from single component experiments, allows an excellent prediction of the binary isotherm and the binary mass transfer kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Progress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Tartaric acid
KW  - Enantiomers
N1  - Accession Number: 12003969; Kaczmarski; K. 1; Zhou; D. 1; Gubernak; M. 1; Guiochon; G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland, Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Division of Chemical and Analytical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p455; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Cellulose; Subject Term: Tartaric acid; Subject Term: Enantiomers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dang, L.T.N.
AU  - Stolte, W.C.
AU  - Öhrwall, G.
AU  - Sant’Anna, M.M.
AU  - Dominguez-Lopez, I.
AU  - Schlachter, A.S.
AU  - Lindle, D.W.
T1  - Core-level anionic photofragmentation of OCS
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 289
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 03010104
AB  - Mass spectroscopy is used to study the formation of the <f>S−</f>, <f>C−</f>, and <f>O−</f> anions after photoexcitation of OCS in the vicinity of the S 2p and C 1s ionization thresholds. Anions are observed both below and above these thresholds. Because anion production is known to be suppressed at core-level shape resonances, the anion measurements serve as a suggestive and complementary tool for identifying above-threshold features in OCS photoabsorption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRAGMENTATION reactions
KW  - ANIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9289553; Dang, L.T.N. 1 Stolte, W.C. 1,2; Email Address: wcstolte@lbl.gov Öhrwall, G. 1,2 Sant’Anna, M.M. 2 Dominguez-Lopez, I. 3 Schlachter, A.S. 2 Lindle, D.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Centro National de Metrologia, C.P. 76900 Qrerétaro, Mexico; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 289 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: FRAGMENTATION reactions; Subject Term: ANIONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-0104(02)00784-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bozek, J.D.
AU  - Canton, S.E.
AU  - Kukk, E.
AU  - Berrah, N.
T1  - Vibrationally resolved resonant Auger spectroscopy of formaldehyde at the C <f>1s−1π&ast;</f> resonance
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 289
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 03010104
AB  - Vibrationally resolved resonant Auger spectra of gaseous formaldehyde have been measured under resonant Raman conditions at several photon energies on the C <f>1s−1π&ast;</f> resonance. Specific vibrational states of the C <f>1s−1π&ast;</f> resonance were selectively populated by utilizing high-resolution photoexcitation. Participator Auger decay of the excited state populates mainly the A–D ionic states, without any discernable increase in the intensity of the X state. The vibrational manifold of the A state band was examined in detail for non-resonant and resonant photoionization. While the <f>ν2</f> vibrational mode was found to account for most of the structure in the non-resonant spectrum, strong excitations of the <f>ν1</f> mode were found in the resonant spectrum with decreased intensity in the higher <f>ν2</f> vibrations. Intensity distribution among the <f>ν2</f> levels of the ionic A and B states in the resonant Auger decay were found to reproduce the <f>ν2</f> level accessed in the photoabsorption. Both of these observations were attributed to changes in the potential energy surfaces of the core excited and ionic states, namely, lengthening of the <f>C&z.dbnd6;O</f> bond in the core excited and ionic states relative to the ground electronic state of the molecule, and shortening of the <f>C–H</f> bond in the excited state only. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - FORMALDEHYDE
N1  - Accession Number: 9289563; Bozek, J.D. 1 Canton, S.E. 1,2 Kukk, E. 1,3 Berrah, N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA  3: Department of Physical Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu P.O. Box 3000, FIN 90401, Finland; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 289 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: FORMALDEHYDE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-0104(02)01050-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9289563&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Long, Joshua C.
AU  - Price, John C.
T1  - Current short-range tests of the gravitational inverse square law
T2  - Tests actuels de la loi en inverse carre´ de la gravite´
JO  - Comptes Rendus Physique
JF  - Comptes Rendus Physique
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
SN  - 16310705
AB  - Motivated in large part by the possibility of observing signatures of compact extra dimensions, experimental searches for deviations from Newtonian gravity at short distances have improved in sensitivity by many orders of magnitude in the past five years. We review the essential features of the experiments responsible for the current limits on new effects in the range from a few microns to a few centimeters, and discuss prospects for the near future. To cite this article: J.C. Long, J.C. Price, C. R. Physique 4 (2003). (English) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Motive´es en grande partie par la possibilite´ d'observer des signatures des dimensions supple´mentaires compactes, les recherches expe´rimentales des de´viations de la pesanteur newtonienne aux distances courtes se sont ame´liore´es dans leur sensibilite´ par plusieurs ordres de grandeur ces cinq dernie&grave;res anne´es. Nous passons en revue les dispositifs essentiels des expe´riences responsables des limites actuelles sur de nouveaux effets dans l'intervalle de quelques microns a&grave; quelques centime&grave;tres, et nous discutons les perspectives pour le futur proche. Pour citer cet article : J.C. Long, J.C. Price, C. R. Physique 4 (2003). (French) [Copyright 2003 Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Comptes Rendus Physique is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAVITY
KW  - DIMENSIONS
KW  - DISTANCES
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - TORSION pendulums
KW  - Casimir force
KW  - Extra dimensions
KW  - Gravitational experiments
KW  - Mechanical oscillators
KW  - Scalar fields
KW  - Scanning microscopy
KW  - Torsion pendulum
KW  - Champs scalaires
KW  - Dimensions supplémentaires
KW  - Expériences sur la gravitation
KW  - Force de Casimir
KW  - Microscopie à balayage
KW  - Oscillateurs mécaniques
KW  - Pendule de torsion
N1  - Accession Number: 9906388; Long, Joshua C. 1; Email Address: josh.long@lanl.gov Price, John C. 2; Email Address: John.Price@Colorado.EDU; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, LANSCE-3, MS-H855, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, UCB 390, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p337; Subject Term: GRAVITY; Subject Term: DIMENSIONS; Subject Term: DISTANCES; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: TORSION pendulums; Author-Supplied Keyword: Casimir force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extra dimensions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gravitational experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical oscillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scalar fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Torsion pendulum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Champs scalaires; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimensions supplémentaires; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expériences sur la gravitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Force de Casimir; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopie à balayage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oscillateurs mécaniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pendule de torsion; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1631-0705(03)00042-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9906388&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bacon, Diana H.
AU  - Peter McGrail, B.
T1  - Lessons learned from reactive transport modeling of a low-activity waste glass disposal system
JO  - Computers & Geosciences
JF  - Computers & Geosciences
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
SN  - 00983004
AB  - A set of reactive chemical transport calculations were conducted with the Subsurface Transport Over Reactive Multi-phases (STORM) code to evaluate the long-term performance of a representative low-activity waste glass in a shallow subsurface disposal system located on the Hanford site. Two different trench designs were considered, one with four rows of small waste packages (old design), the other with three layers of larger waste packages (new design). One-dimensional (1D) simulations were carried out to 20,000 yr, whereas two-dimensional (2D) simulations could only be carried out for 10,000 yr due to constraints on computational time. Both the 1D and 2D simulations predicted that the technetium release rate from the waste packages would be lower for the new trench design at times greater than 1 yr. Having fewer, larger waste packages decreases the glass surface area exposed to reaction with pore water. In the 2D simulations, water can flow around the waste packages, which causes a decrease in the water flux through the waste packages and lower release rates than predicted in the 1D simulations. This result reinforces the importance of performing multi-dimensional waste form release simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Geosciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZONE of aeration
KW  - WASTEWATER treatment
KW  - Chemical transport
KW  - Low-level waste
KW  - Numerical model
KW  - Unsaturated flow
KW  - Vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 9497160; Bacon, Diana H.; Email Address: diana.bacon@pnl.gov Peter McGrail, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p361; Subject Term: ZONE of aeration; Subject Term: WASTEWATER treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-level waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00011-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lichtner, Peter C.
AU  - Felmy, Andrew R.
T1  - Estimation of Hanford SX tank waste compositions from historically derived inventories
JO  - Computers & Geosciences
JF  - Computers & Geosciences
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
SN  - 00983004
AB  - Migration of radionuclides under the SX-tank farm at the Hanford nuclear waste complex involves interaction of sediments with concentrated NaOH–<f>NaNO3</f>–<f>NaNO2</f> solutions that leaked from the tanks. This study uses a reaction path calculation to estimate tank supernatant compositions from historical tank inventory data. The Pitzer activity coefficient algorithm based on the computer code GMIN is combined with the reactive transport code FLOTRAN to carry out the simulations. An extended version of the GMIN database is used which includes Al and Si species. In order for the reaction path calculations to converge, a pseudo-kinetic approach employing a rate limiter for precipitation kinetics is introduced. The rate limiter enables calculations to be carried out with the reaction path approach which previously could only be accomplished using a Gibbs free energy minimization technique. Because the final equilibrium state is independent of the reaction path, the value used for the rate limiter does not affect the calculation for the tank supernatant composition. Three different tanks are considered: SX-108, SX-109 and SX-115, with supernatant compositions ranging from extremely to moderately concentrated. Results of the simulations indicate that sodium concentrations much higher than previously expected are possible for the SX-108 tank. This result has important implications for the migration of cesium released from the tank within the vadose zone. The mineral cancrinite was predicted to form in all three tanks consistent with recent experiments. The calculated supernatant pH ranged from 14 to 12.8 for the tanks considered and Eh was mildly reducing determined by the redox couple <f>NO3</f>–<f>NO2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Geosciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GIBBS' free energy
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES -- Physiological effect
KW  - Gibbs free energy minimization
KW  - Kinetic
KW  - Pitzer equations
KW  - Rate limiter
KW  - Reaction path
N1  - Accession Number: 9497161; Lichtner, Peter C. 1; Email Address: lichtner@lanl.gov Felmy, Andrew R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Pacific Northwest Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p371; Subject Term: GIBBS' free energy; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES -- Physiological effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gibbs free energy minimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pitzer equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rate limiter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction path; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00012-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9497161&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glassley, William E.
AU  - Nitao, John J.
AU  - Grant, Charles W.
AU  - Johnson, James W.
AU  - Steefel, Carl I.
AU  - Kercher, James R.
T1  - The impact of climate change on vadose zone pore waters and its implication for long-term monitoring
JO  - Computers & Geosciences
JF  - Computers & Geosciences
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 00983004
AB  - Protecting groundwater is of growing interest as pressure on these resources grows. Recharge of groundwater takes place through the vadose zone, where complex interactions between thermal-hydrological-geochemical processes affect water quality. Monitoring processes in the vadose zone is an important means of evaluating the long-term health of aquifer systems, and has become an integral part of many subsurface engineering efforts. Monitoring such systems, however, may be affected by changes in climate that slowly propagate through vadose zone systems. We describe in this paper the use of NUFT-C, a reactive transport simulator designed to run on a high performance, massively parallel computer, to compare quantitatively the evolution of a deep vadose zone with changes expected from an engineered high-level nuclear waste repository. The results suggest that the impacts from waste emplacement are, in some instances, similar to those that would be observed as a result of climate change, whereas others are distinguishable from evolution of the natural system. Such simulations facilitate design of long-term monitoring programs that take account of these complex effects. The results emphasize the importance of developing long-term baseline measurements and control sites, in order to enhance confidence in interpretations of complexly evolving data sets that will be obtained from multi-decade monitoring efforts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Geosciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZONE of aeration
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Massively parallel computers
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Nuclear waste disposal
KW  - Pore water chemistry
KW  - Reactive transport
KW  - Vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 9497163; Glassley, William E.; Email Address: glassley1@llnl.gov Nitao, John J. 1 Grant, Charles W. 1 Johnson, James W. 1 Steefel, Carl I. 1 Kercher, James R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p399; Subject Term: ZONE of aeration; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Massively parallel computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pore water chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00014-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9497163&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zelicoff, Alan P.
T1  - An Epidemiological Analysis of the 1971 Smallpox Outbreak in Aralsk, Kazakhstan.
JO  - Critical Reviews in Microbiology
JF  - Critical Reviews in Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/04//Apr-Jun2003
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 108
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1040841X
AB  - Analyzes the epidemiology of the 1971 smallpox outbreak in Aralsk, Kazakhstan.  Motive of KGB chief Yuri Andropov for suppressing reports on the occurrence of the outbreak; Measures taken during and after the outbreak; Mechanism of introduction of smallpox into Aralsk.
KW  - Smallpox
KW  - Epidemics
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Public health
KW  - Aralsk (Kazakhstan)
KW  - Kazakhstan
N1  - Accession Number: 10473816; Zelicoff, Alan P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Mexico; Issue Info: Apr-Jun2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p97; Thesaurus Term: Smallpox; Thesaurus Term: Epidemics; Thesaurus Term: Epidemiology; Thesaurus Term: Public health; Subject: Aralsk (Kazakhstan); Subject: Kazakhstan; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Merkle, Peter B.
T1  - Commentary on Dr. Alan P. Zelicoff's Analysis (No. 5).
JO  - Critical Reviews in Microbiology
JF  - Critical Reviews in Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/04//Apr-Jun2003
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 174
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1040841X
AB  - Comments on the forensic epidemic analysis conducted by physician Alan Zelicoff on the smallpox outbreak in Aralsk, Kazakhstan.  Areas where the analysis plays an important role; Need for restraint in communicating with the press concerning the incidence; Prevalence of smallpox among the local and transient population of post-war Japan.
KW  - Smallpox
KW  - Epidemics
KW  - Forensic epidemiology
KW  - Aralsk (Kazakhstan)
KW  - Kazakhstan
KW  - Zelicoff, Alan
N1  - Accession Number: 10473808; Merkle, Peter B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA; Issue Info: Apr-Jun2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p173; Thesaurus Term: Smallpox; Thesaurus Term: Epidemics; Subject Term: Forensic epidemiology; Subject: Aralsk (Kazakhstan); Subject: Kazakhstan; People: Zelicoff, Alan; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolf, Denise M
AU  - Arkin, Adam P
T1  - Motifs, modules and games in bacteria
JO  - Current Opinion in Microbiology
JF  - Current Opinion in Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 13695274
AB  - Global explorations of regulatory network dynamics, organization and evolution have become tractable thanks to high-throughput sequencing and molecular measurement of bacterial physiology. From these, a nascent conceptual framework is developing, that views the principles of regulation in term of motifs, modules and games. Motifs are small, repeated, and conserved biological units ranging from molecular domains to small reaction networks. They are arranged into functional modules, genetically dissectible cellular functions such as the cell cycle, or different stress responses. The dynamical functioning of modules defines the organism’s strategy to survive in a game, pitting cell against cell, and cell against environment. Placing pathway structure and dynamics into an evolutionary context begins to allow discrimination between those physical and molecular features that particularize a species to its surroundings, and those that provide core physiological function. This approach promises to generate a higher level understanding of cellular design, pathway evolution and cellular bioengineering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Microbiology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - BACTERIAL physiology
KW  - CELL physiology
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - BIOENGINEERING
KW  - c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK)
KW  - mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)
KW  - TATA-binding protein (TBP)
N1  - Accession Number: 9658258; Wolf, Denise M 1; Email Address: dmwolf@lbl.gov Arkin, Adam P 1; Email Address: aparkin@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Bioengineering and Chemistry, University of California, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 3-144, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p125; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: BACTERIAL physiology; Subject Term: CELL physiology; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Subject Term: BIOENGINEERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK); Author-Supplied Keyword: mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK); Author-Supplied Keyword: TATA-binding protein (TBP); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1369-5274(03)00033-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9658258&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gnanakaran, S
AU  - Nymeyer, Hugh
AU  - Portman, John
AU  - Sanbonmatsu, Kevin Y
AU  - García, Angel E
T1  - Peptide folding simulations
JO  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 168
SN  - 0959440X
AB  - Developments in the design of small peptides that mimic proteins in complexity, recent advances in nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy methods to study peptides and the development of modern, highly parallel simulation algorithms have come together to give us a detailed picture of peptide folding dynamics. Two newly implemented simulation techniques, parallel replica dynamics and replica exchange molecular dynamics, can now describe directly from simulations the kinetics and thermodynamics of peptide formation, respectively. Given these developments, the simulation community now has the tools to verify and validate simulation protocols and models (forcefields). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Structural Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - OVERHAUSER effect (Nuclear physics)
KW  - REPLICATION (Experimental design)
KW  - generalized Born (GB)
KW  - nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE)
KW  - parallel replica dynamics (PRD)
KW  - replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD)
KW  - root mean square deviation (rmsd)
KW  - surface area (SA)
N1  - Accession Number: 9604670; Gnanakaran, S 1 Nymeyer, Hugh 1 Portman, John 1 Sanbonmatsu, Kevin Y 1 García, Angel E 1; Email Address: axg@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, T10 MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p168; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: OVERHAUSER effect (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: REPLICATION (Experimental design); Author-Supplied Keyword: generalized Born (GB); Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE); Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel replica dynamics (PRD); Author-Supplied Keyword: replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD); Author-Supplied Keyword: root mean square deviation (rmsd); Author-Supplied Keyword: surface area (SA); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00040-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9604670&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alm, Eric
AU  - Arkin, Adam P
T1  - Biological networks
JO  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 0959440X
AB  - Recent advances in high-throughput methods have provided us with a first glimpse of the overall structure of molecular interaction networks in biological systems. Ultimately, we expect that such information will change how we think about biological systems in a fundamental way. Instead of viewing the genetic parts list of an organism as a loose collection of biochemical activities, in the best case, we anticipate discrete networks of function to bridge the gap between genotype and phenotype, and to do so in a more profound way than the current qualitative classification of linked reactions into familiar pathways, such as glycolysis and the MAPK signal transduction cascades. At the present time, however, we are still far from a complete answer to the most basic question: what can we learn about biology by studying networks? Promising steps in this direction have come from such diverse approaches as mathematical analysis of global network structure, partitioning networks into functionally related modules and motifs, and even de novo design of networks. A complete picture will probably require integrating the data obtained from all of these approaches with modeling efforts at many different levels of detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Structural Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
KW  - chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
KW  - fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)
KW  - mass spectrometry (MS)
KW  - Protein Data Bank (PDB)
N1  - Accession Number: 9604674; Alm, Eric 1 Arkin, Adam P 1; Email Address: aparkin@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS Calvin, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p193; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP); Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET); Author-Supplied Keyword: mass spectrometry (MS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein Data Bank (PDB); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00031-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9604674&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hopfner, Karl-Peter
AU  - Tainer, John A
T1  - Rad50/SMC proteins and ABC transporters: unifying concepts from high-resolution structures
JO  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 0959440X
AB  - ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type ATPases are chemo-mechanical engines for diverse biological pathways. ABC ATPase domains act not only in ABC transporters but also in DNA mismatch, nucleotide excision and double-strand break repair enzymes, as well as in chromosome segregation. Atomic-resolution crystal structures suggest molecular mechanisms for ABC ATPases and reveal surprisingly significant mechanistic and architectural conservation. This emerging unified structural biochemistry provides general medical and biological insights into how ABC proteins function as chemo-mechanical devices. ATP binding by the signature and Q-loop motifs drives the conformations of substrate-specific domains to accomplish diverse functions in transmembrane transport and DNA repair. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Structural Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphatase
KW  - CYSTIC fibrosis
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - ATP-binding cassette (ABC)
KW  - cystic fibrosis conductance regulator (CFTR)
KW  - structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC)
N1  - Accession Number: 9604687; Hopfner, Karl-Peter 1; Email Address: hopfner@lmb.uni-muenchen.de Tainer, John A 2; Email Address: jat@scripps.edu; Affiliation:  1: Gene Center and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany  2: Department of Molecular Biology and Skaggs Institute of Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road MB4, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA and Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p249; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphatase; Subject Term: CYSTIC fibrosis; Subject Term: DNA repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATP-binding cassette (ABC); Author-Supplied Keyword: cystic fibrosis conductance regulator (CFTR); Author-Supplied Keyword: structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00037-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nogales, Eva
AU  - Wang, Hong-Wei
AU  - Niederstrasser, Hanspeter
T1  - Tubulin rings: which way do they curve?
JO  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
SN  - 0959440X
AB  - Tubulin is known to exist in at least two main conformations: straight when bound to GTP or buried within the microtubule lattice, and curved when bound to GDP. The latter is most obvious during microtubule depolymerization, when protofilaments bend and peel off from microtubule ends. The curved, low-energy subunits form tantalizing ring structures in the presence of stabilizing divalent cations. Interestingly, cellular factors and antimitotic agents that act by depolymerizing microtubules can induce the formation of rings. In these rings, tubulin dimers generally appear kinked at the monomer–monomer interface, either to the same or to a lesser extent than at the dimer–dimer interface, with each agent giving rise to particular subtleties in the structures of the rings and the tubulin dimer itself that may reflect their distinctive mechanisms of action. How these kinks relate to what happens when the stored energy of GTP hydrolysis is released, freeing GDP•tubulin into an unconstrained state, remains an open question. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Structural Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUBULINS
KW  - GUANOSINE triphosphate
KW  - PLASMODIUM
KW  - electron microscopy (EM)
KW  - plasmodium Kin I (pKin I)
N1  - Accession Number: 9604688; Nogales, Eva 1 Wang, Hong-Wei 1 Niederstrasser, Hanspeter 1; Affiliation:  1: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cell Biology Department and Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 355 Life Sciences Addition, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p256; Subject Term: TUBULINS; Subject Term: GUANOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: PLASMODIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron microscopy (EM); Author-Supplied Keyword: plasmodium Kin I (pKin I); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00029-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9604688&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chandru, Vijay
AU  - DattaSharma, Abhi
AU  - Anil Kumar, V.S.
T1  - The algorithmics of folding proteins on lattices
JO  - Discrete Applied Mathematics
JF  - Discrete Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 127
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 0166218X
AB  - It should be possible to predict the fold of a protein into its native conformation, once we are given the sequence of the constituent amino acids. This is known as the protein structure prediction problem and is sometimes referred to as the problem of deciphering the second half of the genetic code. While large proteins fold in nature in seconds, computational chemists and biologists have found that folding proteins to their minimum energy conformations is a challenging unsolved optimization problem. Computational complexity theory has been useful in explaining, at least partially, this (Levinthal''s) paradox. The pedagogic cross-disciplinary survey by Ngo, Marks and Karplus (Computational Complexity, Protein Structure Prediction and the Levinthal Paradox, Birkhauser, Basel, 1994) provides an excellent starting point for non-biologists to take a plunge into the problem of folding proteins. Since then, there has been remarkable progress in the algorithmics of folding proteins on discrete lattice models, an account of which is presented herein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Discrete Applied Mathematics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - GENETIC code
N1  - Accession Number: 9231861; Chandru, Vijay 1,2; Email Address: chandru@csa.iisc.ernet.in DattaSharma, Abhi 3; Email Address: abhi@mathematik.tu-muenchen.de Anil Kumar, V.S. 4; Email Address: anil@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science & Automation, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India  2: Strand Genomics Pvt Ltd. India  3: Kombinatorische Geometrie, Zentrum Mathematik, Gab, Technische Universität München, D-80290 München, Germany  4: Basic and Applied Simulation Sciences (D-2), MS M997, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 127 Issue 1, p145; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: GENETIC code; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0166-218X(02)00381-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vine, Edward
AU  - Hamrin, Jan
AU  - Eyre, Nick
AU  - Crossley, David
AU  - Maloney, Michelle
AU  - Watt, Greg
T1  - Public policy analysis of energy efficiency and load management in changing electricity businesses
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
SN  - 03014215
AB  - The focus of this paper is (1) the potential effectiveness of the reform of the electricity industry on promoting energy efficiency and load management, and (2) the potential effectiveness of new mechanisms for promoting energy efficiency and load management. Many countries are initiating reforms of their power sectors to stimulate private investment, increase operation and management efficiencies, and lower the cost of power. These countries are unbundling vertically integrated utilities into distinct generation, transmission, distribution and retail supply companies; introducing commercial management principles to government-owned monopolies; and in many cases transferring operation or ownership to private companies. Electric industry restructuring may force regulators and policy makers to re-examine existing mechanisms for promoting load management and energy efficiency. In some cases, electric industry restructuring replaces the long-standing relationship between a single monopoly provider and protected customer franchise with a new set of relationships among retail electricity suppliers and customers who may now be free to choose suppliers. In these types of situations, markets, not government regulators and utility monopolies, are seen as determining future energy production and consumption decisions. However, it is uncertain whether this type of restructuring will overcome important market barriers to energy efficiency that limit markets for energy-efficient products and services from functioning effectively. As a result of these barriers, a large, untapped potential for cost-effective energy-efficiency investments exists. Supporters of public policies argue that energy-efficiency programs are an appropriate government strategy to capture economic efficiencies that the market cannot secure unassisted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electric power consumption
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Policy analysis
KW  - Restructuring
N1  - Accession Number: 8762181; Vine, Edward 1; Email Address: elvine@lbl.gov; Hamrin, Jan 2; Eyre, Nick 3; Crossley, David 4; Maloney, Michelle 4; Watt, Greg 4; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technology Division, Building 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Center for Resource Solutions, USA; 3: Energy Saving Trust, UK; 4: Energy Futures Australia Pty Ltd, Australia; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p405; Thesaurus Term: Electric power consumption; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Policy analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Restructuring; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ricci, Paolo F.
AU  - Rice, Dave
AU  - Ziagos, John
AU  - Cox Jr., Louis A.
T1  - Precaution, uncertainty and causation in environmental decisions
JO  - Environment International
JF  - Environment International
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01604120
AB  - What measures of uncertainty and what causal analysis can improve the management of potentially severe, irreversible or dreaded environmental outcomes? Environmental choices show that policies intended to be precautionary (such as adding MTBE to petrol) can cause unanticipated harm (by mobilizing benzene, a known leukemogen, in the ground water). Many environmental law principles set the boundaries of what should be done but do not provide an operational construct to answer this question. Those principles, ranging from the precautionary principle to protecting human health from a significant risk of material health impairment, do not explain how to make environmental management choices when incomplete, inconsistent and complex scientific evidence characterizes potentially adverse environmental outcomes. Rather, they pass the task to lower jurisdictions such as agencies or authorities. To achieve the goals of the principle, those who draft it must deal with scientific casual conjectures, partial knowledge and variable data. In this paper we specifically deal with the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the European Union''s (EU) explanation of consistency and on the examination of scientific developments relevant to variability and uncertain data and causation. Managing hazards under the precautionary principle requires inductive, empirical methods of assessment. However, acting on a scientific conjecture can also be socially unfair, costly, and detrimental when applied to complex environmental choices. We describe a constructive framework rationally to meet the command of the precautionary principle using alternative measures of uncertainty and recent statistical methods of causal analysis. These measures and methods can bridge the gap between conjectured future irreversible or severe harm and scant scientific evidence, thus leading to more confident and resilient social choices. We review two sets of measures and computational systems to deal with uncertainty and link them to causation through inductive empirical methods such as Bayesian Networks. We conclude that primary legislation concerned with large uncertainties and potential severe or dreaded environmental outcomes can produce accurate and efficient choices. To do so, primary legislation should specifically indicate what measures can represent uncertainty and how to deal with uncertain causation thus providing guidance to an agency''s rulemaking or to an authority''s writing secondary legislation. A corollary conclusion with legal, scientific and probabilistic implications concerns how to update past information when the state of information increases because a failure to update can result in regretting past choices. Elected legislators have the democratic mandate to formulate precautionary principles and are accountable. To preserve that mandate, imbedding formal methods to represent uncertainty in the statutory language of the precautionary principle enhances subsequent judicial review of legislative actions. The framework that we propose also reduces the Balkanized views and interpretations of probabilities, possibilities, likelihood and uncertainty that exists in environmental decision-making. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environment International is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Bayesian analysis
KW  - Bayesian methods
KW  - Interval analysis
KW  - Precautionary principle
KW  - Probabilistic reasoning
KW  - Probability bounds
KW  - Statistical methods
KW  - Uncertain causation
KW  - Variability
N1  - Accession Number: 9143001; Ricci, Paolo F. 1; Email Address: apricci@earthlink.net; Rice, Dave 2; Ziagos, John 2; Cox Jr., Louis A. 3; Affiliations: 1: University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St., San Francisco, CA 94117, USA; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA; 3: Cox & Associates and University of Colorado, 505 Franklin St., Denver CO, 80218, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Environmental law; Subject Term: Bayesian analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interval analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precautionary principle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic reasoning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability bounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertain causation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0160-4120(02)00191-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, Marie E.
AU  - De La Torre Ugarte, Daniel G.
AU  - Shapouri, Hosein
AU  - Slinsky, Stephen P.
T1  - Bioenergy Crop Production in the United States.
JO  - Environmental & Resource Economics
JF  - Environmental & Resource Economics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 333
SN  - 09246460
AB  - The U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Energy jointly analyzed the economic potential for, and impacts of, large-scale bioenergy crop production in the United States. An agricultural sector model (POLYSYS) was modified to include three potential bioenergy crops (switchgrass, hybrid poplar, and willow). At farmgate prices of US $2.44/GJ, an estimated 17 million hectares of bioenergy crops, annually yielding 171 million dry Mg of biomass, could potentially be produced at a profit greater than existing agricultural uses for the land. The estimate assumes high productivity management practices are permitted on Conservation Reserve Program lands. Traditional crops prices are estimated to increase 9 to 14 percent above baseline prices and farm income increases annually by US $6.0 billion above baseline. At farmgate prices of US $1.83/GJ, an estimated 7.9 million hectares of bioenergy crops, annually yielding 55 million dry Mg of biomass, could potentially be produced at a profit greater than existing agricultural uses for the land. The estimate assumes management practices intended to achieve high environmental benefits on Conservation Reserve Program lands. Traditional crops prices are estimated to increase 4 to 9 percent above baseline prices and farm income increases annually by US $2.8 billion above baseline. Key words: agricultural income, bioenergy crops, biomass, Conservation Reserve Program, hybrid poplar, land-use changes, switchgrass, willow [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental & Resource Economics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biomass energy
KW  - Agriculture & energy
KW  - Energy crops
KW  - Agricultural productivity
KW  - Agricultural wages
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Land use
KW  - Agricultural prices
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Dept. of Agriculture
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 24825517; Walsh, Marie E. 1; De La Torre Ugarte, Daniel G. 1; Shapouri, Hosein 1; Slinsky, Stephen P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Tennessee, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and University of Tennesee, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p313; Thesaurus Term: Biomass energy; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture & energy; Thesaurus Term: Energy crops; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural productivity; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural wages; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Subject Term: Agricultural prices; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Agriculture ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takai, Ken
AU  - Mormile, Melanie R.
AU  - McKinley, James P.
AU  - Brockman, Fred J.
AU  - Holben, William E.
AU  - Kovacik, William P.
AU  - Fredrickson, Jim K.
T1  - Shifts in archaeal communities associated with lithological and geochemical variations in subsurface Cretaceous rock.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 320
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - Summary Subsurface microbial community structure in relation to geochemical gradients and lithology was investigated using a combination of molecular phylogenetic and geochemical analyses. Discreet groundwater and substratum samples were obtained from depths ranging from 182 to 190 m beneath the surface at approximately 10-cm intervals using a multilevel sampler (MLS) that straddled Cretaceous shale and sandstone formations at a site in the southern San Juan Basin in New Mexico. DNA and RNA were extracted directly from quartzite sand substratum loaded into individual cells of the MLS and colonized in situ . Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated T-RFLP analysis of archaeal rRNA genes (rDNA) in conjunction with partial sequencing analysis of archaeal rDNA libraries and quantitative RNA hybridization with oligonucleotide probes were used to probe community structure and function. Although total microbial populations remained relatively constant over the entire depth interval sampled, significant shifts in archaeal populations, predominantly methanogens, were observed. These shifts coincided with the geochemical transition from relatively high methane (26 mM), low sulphate (< 3 mg l-1 ) conditions in the region adjacent to the organic matter-rich shale to relatively low-methane (< 0.5 mM), high-sulphate (48 mg l-1 ) conditions in the organic-poor sandstone beneath the shale. These results indicated that active, phylogenetically diverse archaeal communities were present in the subsurface Cretaceous rock environment at this site and that major archaeal clades shifted dramatically over scales of tens of centimetres, corresponding to changes in the lithology and geochemical gradients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROORGANISMS -- Population biology
KW  - ROCKS -- Analysis
KW  - PETROLOGY
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 9400089; Takai, Ken 1 Mormile, Melanie R. 2 McKinley, James P. 3 Brockman, Fred J. 3 Holben, William E. 4 Kovacik, William P. 4 Fredrickson, Jim K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Deep-sea Microorganisms Research Group, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, Yokosuka 237–0061 Japan.  2: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA.  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Mailstop P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.  4: Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p309; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS -- Population biology; Subject Term: ROCKS -- Analysis; Subject Term: PETROLOGY; Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00421.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marland, Eric
AU  - Marland, Gregg
T1  - The treatment of long-lived, carbon-containing products in inventories of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere
JO  - Environmental Science & Policy
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 14629011
AB  - The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) requires that all parties to the convention periodically report their emissions of greenhouse gases and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has published guidelines on how to estimate these emissions. Estimating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is complicated by the fact that consumption of fossil-fuels and harvesting of forests do not necessarily mean that the contained C has been released to the atmosphere as CO2. Some fractions of fossil-fuels and harvested wood are incorporated into products that have lifetimes ranging from months to centuries. The IPCC methodology addresses durable products by assuming that some prescribed fraction goes to permanent storage while the remainder is oxidized instantly. The question posed here is whether the annual increase in stocks of durable products, i.e. the difference between the rates of production and oxidation, can be reasonably estimated as a simple fraction of their current rate of production. Although the annual stock change can be described as a simple fraction of annual production when production is growing exponentially and oxidation is a first order decay process, a description of annual stock changes needs to consider how both production and oxidation are evolving with time, regardless of the functional forms of these changes with time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Policy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Carbon cycle
KW  - Non-fuel hydrocarbons
KW  - Wood products
N1  - Accession Number: 9146019; Marland, Eric 1; Marland, Gregg 2; Email Address: marlandgh@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p139; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-fuel hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wood products; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00003-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenzel, Tom
T1  - Use of remote sensing measurements to evaluate vehicle emission monitoring programs: results from Phoenix, Arizona
JO  - Environmental Science & Policy
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 14629011
AB  - Vehicle emission inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs are the US EPA’s primary policy to reduce on-road emissions of in-use vehicles. The EPA is preparing guidance for states on how to use on-road emissions measurements made by roadside sensors (remote sensing) to evaluate the effectiveness of their I/M programs. In its guidance EPA describes three methods of using remote sensing data for such evaluations: the comprehensive method, the step change method, and the reference method. We used an extensive number of remote sensing measurements in the Phoenix area to estimate program benefits under each method, in order to understand how each method measures emission reductions under an I/M program. The extensive number of measurements also allows testing the sensitivity of results obtained under the comprehensive method to the month in which the measurements were taken. We found that the comprehensive method estimates a small reduction in CO emissions (<F>3.3±0.6%</F>) from the I/M program; however, the step change method estimates no program benefit. A reference method analysis comparing on-road emissions of fleets in an enhanced and a basic program indicates that older vehicles have higher on-road emissions under the enhanced program than the basic program. Discrepancies between these results are discussed, as are several factors which appear to influence results under each method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Policy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Inspection and maintenance
KW  - Vehicle emissions
KW  - Vehicle repairs
N1  - Accession Number: 9146020; Wenzel, Tom 1; Email Address: tpwenzel@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p153; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Remote sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inspection and maintenance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle repairs; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00004-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leheny, R. L.
AU  - Lee, Y. S.
AU  - Shirane, G.
AU  - Birgeneau, R. J.
T1  - Spin wave propagation in the domain state of a random field magnet.
JO  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 290
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346028
AB  - : Inelastic neutron scattering with high wave-vector resolution has characterized the propagation of transverse spin wave modes near the antiferromagnetic zone center in the metastable domain state of a random field Ising magnet. A well-defined, long wavelength excitation is observed despite the absence of long-range magnetic order. Direct comparisons with the spin wave dispersion in the long-range ordered antiferromagnetic state reveal no measurable effects from the domain structure. This result recalls analogous behavior in thermally disordered anisotropic spin chains but contrasts sharply with that of the phonon modes in relaxor ferroelectrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - SPIN glasses
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - RANDOM fields
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - 75.50.Lk Spin glasses and other random magnets
KW  - PACS. 75.30.Ds Spin waves
N1  - Accession Number: 15180109; Leheny, R. L. 1; Email Address: leheny@pha.jhu.edu Lee, Y. S. 2,3 Shirane, G. 4 Birgeneau, R. J. 3,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  2: NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899  3: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  4: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  5: Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S IA7; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p287; Subject Term: SPIN waves; Subject Term: SPIN glasses; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: RANDOM fields; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Lk Spin glasses and other random magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: PACS. 75.30.Ds Spin waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjb/e2003-00099-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15180109&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gihring, Thomas M.
AU  - Bond, Philip L.
AU  - Peters, Stephen C.
AU  - Banfield, Jillian F.
T1  - Arsenic resistance in the archaeon "Ferroplasma acidarmanus": new insights into the structure and evolution of the ars genes.
JO  - Extremophiles
JF  - Extremophiles
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 130
SN  - 14310651
AB  - Arsenic resistance in the acidophilic iron-oxidizing archaeon "Ferroplasma acidarmanus" was investigated. F. acidarmanus is native to arsenic-rich environments, and culturing experiments confirm a high level of resistance to both arsenite and arsenate. Analyses of the complete genome revealed protein-encoding regions related to known arsenic-resistance genes. Genes encoding for ArsR (arsenite-sensitive regulator) and ArsB (arsenite-efflux pump) homologues were found located on a single operon. A gene encoding for an ArsA relative (anion-translocating ATPase) located apart from the arsRB operon was also identified. Arsenate-resistance genes encoding for proteins homologous to the arsenate reductase ArsC and the phosphate-specific transporter Pst were not found, indicating that additional unknown arsenic-resistance genes exist for arsenate tolerance. Phylogenetic analyses of ArsA-related proteins suggest separate evolutionary lines for these proteins and offer new insights into the formation of the arsA gene. The ArsB-homologous protein of F. acidarmanus had a high degree of similarity to known ArsB proteins. An evolutionary analysis of ArsB homologues across a number of species indicated a clear relationship in close agreement with 16S rRNA evolutionary lines. These results support a hypothesis of arsenic resistance developing early in the evolution of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Extremophiles is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARSENIC
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
KW  - ARSENATES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - Acidophile
KW  - ars
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Ferroplasma acidarmanus
KW  - Genomics
KW  - Phylogeny
KW  - Resistance
N1  - Accession Number: 16984779; Gihring, Thomas M. 1,2; Email Address: thomas.gihring@pnl.gov Bond, Philip L. 3 Peters, Stephen C. 4,5 Banfield, Jillian F. 1,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and Geophysics, The University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS P7-50, P.O. Box 999, WA 99352, Richland, USA  3: School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK  4: Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA  5: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA  6: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p123; Subject Term: ARSENIC; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Subject Term: ARSENATES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidophile; Author-Supplied Keyword: ars; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arsenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroplasma acidarmanus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phylogeny; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00792-002-0303-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16984779&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Renk, T.J.
AU  - Olson, C.L.
AU  - Tanaka, T.J.
AU  - Ulrickson, M.A.
AU  - Rochau, G.A.
AU  - Peterson, R.R.
AU  - Golovkin, I.E.
AU  - Thompson, M.O.
AU  - Knowles, T.R.
AU  - Raffray, A.R.
AU  - Tillack, M.S.
T1  - IFE chamber dry wall materials response to pulsed X-rays and ions at power-plant level fluences
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 65
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 09203796
AB  - We have begun a collaborative investigation of the response of candidate first-wall inertial fusion energy (IFE) reactor chamber drywall materials to X-rays on the Z facility, and to ions on RHEPP-1, both located at Sandia National Laboratories. Dose levels are comparable to those anticipated in future direct-drive reactors. Due to the 5–10 Hz repetition rate expected in such reactors, per-pulse effects such as material removal must be negligible. The primary wall materials investigated here are graphite and tungsten in various forms. After exposure on either RHEPP or Z, materials were analyzed for roughening and/or material removal (ablation) as a function of dose. Graphite is observed to undergo significant ablation/sublimation in response to ion exposure at the 3–4 J/cm2 level, significantly below doses expected in future dry-wall power plants. Evidence of thermomechanical stresses resulting in material loss occurs for both graphite and tungsten, and is probably related to the pulsed nature of the energy delivery. These effects are not seen in typical magnetic fusion energy (MFE) conditions where these same kinds of materials are used. Results are presented for thresholds below which no roughening or ablation occurs. Use of graphite in a ‘velvet’ two-dimensional form may mitigate the effects seen with the flat material, and alloying tungsten with rhenium may reduce its roughening due to the increased ductility of the alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - DRYWALL
KW  - Dry wall materials
KW  - IFE chamber
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 9712394; Renk, T.J. 1; Email Address: tjrenk@sandia.gov Olson, C.L. 1 Tanaka, T.J. 1 Ulrickson, M.A. 1 Rochau, G.A. 1 Peterson, R.R. 2 Golovkin, I.E. 3 Thompson, M.O. 4 Knowles, T.R. 5 Raffray, A.R. 6 Tillack, M.S. 6; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  3: Prism Computational Sciences, Madison, WI, USA  4: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA  5: Energy Science Laboratories, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA  6: University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 65 Issue 3, p399; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: DRYWALL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dry wall materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFE chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327420 Gypsum Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00009-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9712394&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majeski, R.
AU  - Boaz, M.
AU  - Hoffman, D.
AU  - Jones, B.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Kugel, H.
AU  - Munsat, T.
AU  - Spaleta, J.
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V.
AU  - Timberlake, J.
AU  - Zakharov, L.
AU  - Antar, G.
AU  - Doerner, R.
AU  - Luckhardt, S.
AU  - Conn, R.W.
AU  - Finkenthal, M.
AU  - Stutman, D.
AU  - Maingi, R.
AU  - Ulrickson, M.
T1  - Plasma performance improvements with liquid lithium limiters in CDX-U
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 65
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The use of flowing liquid lithium as a first wall for a reactor has potentially attractive physics and engineering features. The current drive experiment-upgrade (CDX-U) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory has begun experiments with a fully toroidal liquid lithium limiter. CDX-U is a compact (R=34 cm, a=22 cm, Btoroidal=2 kG, IP=100 kA, Te(0)∼100 eV, ne(0)∼5×1019 m−3) short-pulse (<25 ms) spherical tokamak with extensive diagnostics. The limiter, which consists of a shallow circular stainless steel tray of radius 34 cm and width 10 cm, can be filled with lithium to a depth of a few millimeters, and forms the lower limiting surface for the discharge. Heating elements beneath the tray are used to liquefy the lithium prior to the experiment. The total area of the tray is approximately 2000 cm2. The tokamak edge plasma, when operated in contact with the lithium-filled tray, shows evidence of reduced impurities and recycling. The reduction in recycling and impurities is largest when the lithium is liquefied by heating to 250 °C. Discharges which are limited by the liquid lithium tray show evidence of performance enhancement. Radiated power is reduced and there is spectroscopic evidence for increases in the core electron temperature. Furthermore, the use of a liquid lithium limiter reduces the need for conditioning discharges prior to high current operation. The future development path for liquid lithium limiter systems in CDX-U is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - 52.55.Fa
KW  - Limiter
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Tokamak
N1  - Accession Number: 9712401; Majeski, R. 1; Email Address: rmajeski@pppl.gov Boaz, M. 1 Hoffman, D. 1 Jones, B. 1 Kaita, R. 1 Kugel, H. 1 Munsat, T. 1 Spaleta, J. 1 Soukhanovskii, V. 1 Timberlake, J. 1 Zakharov, L. 1 Antar, G. 2 Doerner, R. 2 Luckhardt, S. 2 Conn, R.W. 2 Finkenthal, M. 3 Stutman, D. 3 Maingi, R. 4 Ulrickson, M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, MS17, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA  3: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  5: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 65 Issue 3, p443; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.55.Fa; Author-Supplied Keyword: Limiter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00016-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Sahn-ho
AU  - Parrinello, Simona
AU  - Kim, Joomyeong
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Mus musculus and Mus spretus homologues of the human telomere-associated protein TIN2
JO  - Genomics
JF  - Genomics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 81
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 422
SN  - 08887543
AB  - Telomere length is regulated by TRF1, which binds telomeric DNA, and TIN2, which binds TRF1. Laboratory mice (Mus musculus) have long telomeres, although a related mouse species, Mus spretus, has human-sized telomeres. Because differences in TIN2 might explain these differences in telomere length, we cloned cDNAs encoding murine TIN2s and compared their sequence to that of human TIN2. M. musculus (Mm) and M. spretus TIN2s were >95% identical, but shared only 67% identity with human TIN2. An N-terminal truncation, or N-terminal fragment, of MmTIN2 elongated M. spretus telomeres. These findings suggest that mouse TIN2, like human TIN2, negatively regulates telomere length, and that N-terminal perturbations have dominant-negative effects. Our findings suggest that differences in TIN2 cannot explain the telomere length differences among Homo sapiens, M. musculus, and M. spretus. Nonetheless, M. spretus cells appear be a good system for studying the function of mouse telomere-associated proteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Genomics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICE
KW  - TELOMERASE
KW  - Mice
KW  - Telomerase
KW  - Telomere length control
KW  - TRF1
N1  - Accession Number: 9404999; Kim, Sahn-ho 1 Parrinello, Simona 1 Kim, Joomyeong 2 Campisi, Judith 1; Email Address: jcampisi@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Human Genome Center, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 81 Issue 4, p422; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: TELOMERASE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomere length control; Author-Supplied Keyword: TRF1; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0888-7543(02)00033-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9404999&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bei, H.
AU  - George, E.P.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
T1  - Effects of composition on lamellar microstructures of near-eutectic Cr–Cr3Si alloys
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
SN  - 09669795
AB  - A series of binary Cr–Si alloys with silicon concentrations ranging from 13 to 24 at.% were produced by arc melting and drop casting. These compositions span the composition (15 at.% Si) at which a eutectic reaction is reported in the phase diagram. The microstructure of the Cr-16.05 at.% Si alloy is fully lamellar and devoid of any pro-eutectic phases suggesting that the best composition for obtaining fully lamellar structure is Cr-16.05 at.% Si, rather than the eutectic composition (Cr-15 at.% Si) indicated in the phase diagram. The alternating lamellae in the eutectic alloy consist of Cr (solid solution) and Cr3Si (intermetallic). Alloys that are chromium-rich relative to the 16.05 at.% Si contain pro-eutectic chromium whereas those that are silicon-rich contain proeutectic Cr3Si. Directional solidification of drop-cast Cr–Cr3Si alloys with nominal compositions ranging from 15 to 16.05 at.% Si was carried out using a high-temperature optical floating zone furnace. Uniform and well-aligned lamellar microstructures of Cr–Cr3Si were observed when the growth conditions and alloy composition were optimized. Fully lamellar microstructures were obtained after directional solidification only when the starting composition was slightly enriched in chromium (Cr-15.95 at.% Si) relative to the composition of the fully lamellar drop cast alloy (Cr-16.05 at.% Si). A possible reason for this discrepancy is chromium evaporation during directional solidification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - EUTECTICS
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - A. Silicides, various
KW  - B. Phase diagram
KW  - C. Casting
KW  - Crystal growth
KW  - D. Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 9544667; Bei, H. 1,2 George, E.P. 1,2; Email Address: georgeep@ornl.gov Pharr, G.M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6093, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p283; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: EUTECTICS; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Silicides, various; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Casting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Microstructure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0966-9795(02)00251-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9544667&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, W.I.
AU  - Shih, A.J.
AU  - Hardin, C.W.
AU  - Lemaster, R.L.
AU  - McSpadden, S.B.
T1  - Fixed abrasive diamond wire machining—part I: process monitoring and wire tension force
JO  - International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture
JF  - International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 523
SN  - 08906955
AB  - The process monitoring and mechanics of fixed abrasive diamond wire saw machining are investigated in this study. New techniques to affix diamond particles to a steel wire core have advanced to make this process feasible for the machining of ceramics, wood, and foam materials. Developments in fixed abrasive diamond wire machining are first reviewed. Advantages of using fixed abrasive diamond wire machining are then introduced. The process monitoring and signal processing techniques for measuring the cutting forces, wire speed, down feed rate, and wire bow angle in diamond wire saw machining are developed. The application of a capacitance sensor to measure the wire bow and a procedure to convert the wire bow to vertical cutting force in a rocking motion wire saw machine are developed. The tension force of the wire during cutting is also derived and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIRE
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - Diamond wire saw
KW  - Process monitoring
KW  - Wire saw machining
N1  - Accession Number: 9050893; Clark, W.I. 1 Shih, A.J. 2; Email Address: shiha@umich.edu Hardin, C.W. 1 Lemaster, R.L. 3 McSpadden, S.B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  3: Department of Wood and Paper Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA  4: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p523; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond wire saw; Author-Supplied Keyword: Process monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire saw machining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0890-6955(02)00215-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9050893&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, William I.
AU  - Shih, Albert J.
AU  - Lemaster, Richard L.
AU  - McSpadden, Samuel B.
T1  - Fixed abrasive diamond wire machining—part II: experiment design and results
JO  - International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture
JF  - International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
SN  - 08906955
AB  - Experimental results from fixed abrasive diamond wire machining of wood and foam ceramics are presented. Three types of wood—pine, oak, and fir, and three types of foam ceramic—silicon carbide, zirconia, and zirconia toughened alumina, are tested. The research investigates the life of diamond wire and effects of process parameters on the cutting forces, force ratio, and surface roughness. A scanning electron microscope is used to study the worn diamond wire, machined surfaces, and debris. The diamond wire saw is demonstrated to be very effective in machining foam ceramics. The wire life for cutting wood at slow feed rates is low. The short tool life for dry cutting of wood indicates that more research in new fixed abrasive diamond wire and wire saw machining technologies is necessary. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACHINING
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - Diamond wire saw
KW  - Foam ceramics
KW  - Wood machining
N1  - Accession Number: 9050894; Clark, William I. 1 Shih, Albert J. 2; Email Address: shiha@umich.edu Lemaster, Richard L. 3 McSpadden, Samuel B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  3: Department of Wood and Paper Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA  4: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p533; Subject Term: MACHINING; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond wire saw; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foam ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wood machining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0890-6955(02)00216-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9050894&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Massoudi, Mehrdad
T1  - Constitutive relations for the interaction force in multicomponent particulate flows
JO  - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 00207462
AB  - In the mechanics of multiphase (or multicomponent) mixtures, one of the outstanding issues is the formulation of constitutive relations for the interaction force. In this paper, we give a brief review of the various relations proposed for this interaction force. The review is tilted toward presenting the works of those who have used the mixture theory (or the theory of interacting continua) to derive or to propose a relationship for the interaction (or diffusive) force. We propose a constitutive relation which is general and frame-indifferent and thus suitable for use in many flow conditions. At the end, we provide an alternative approach for finding the drag force on a particle in a particulate mixture. This approach has been used in the non-Newtonian fluid mechanics to find the drag force on surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - NON-Newtonian fluids
KW  - Continuum mechanics
KW  - Drag force
KW  - Multiphase flows
KW  - Non-Newtonian fluids
N1  - Accession Number: 7879484; Massoudi, Mehrdad 1; Email Address: massoudi@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p313; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: NON-Newtonian fluids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuum mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drag force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiphase flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-Newtonian fluids; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maudlin, P.J.
AU  - Bingert, J.F.
AU  - Gray III, G.T.
T1  - Low-symmetry plastic deformation in BCC tantalum: experimental observations, modeling and simulations
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
SN  - 07496419
AB  - A forged and round-rolled pure tantalum bar stock was observed to exhibit large asymmetry in bulk plastic flow response when subjected to large strain Taylor cylinder impact testing. This low-symmetry behavior was analyzed experimentally investigating both the initial stock and the impact-deformed material via x-ray crystallographic texture measurements and automated electron back-scatter diffraction scans to establish spatial microstructural uniformity. Polycrystal simulations based upon the <f><fen><cp type="lang" STYLE="S">110<cp type="rang" STYLE="S"></fen></f> measured duplex texture and experimentally inferred deformation mechanisms were performed to project discrete yield surface shapes. Subsequent least squares fitting and eigensystem analysis of the resulting quadratic fourth-order tensors revealed strong normal/shear stress coupling in the yield surface shape. This mixed-mode coupling produces a shearing deformation in the 1–2 impact plane of a Taylor specimen whose axis is coincident with the compressive 3-axis. The resultant deformation generates an unusual rectangular-shaped impact footprint that is confirmed by finite-element calculations compared to experimental post-test geometries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - Anisotropic material
KW  - Crystal plasticity
KW  - Taylor impact testing
N1  - Accession Number: 8575222; Maudlin, P.J.; Email Address: pjm@lanl.gov Bingert, J.F. 1 Gray III, G.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group T-3, Mail Stop B216, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p483; Subject Term: TANTALUM; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropic material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Taylor impact testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmidberger, Heinz
AU  - Rave-Fränk, Margret
AU  - Lehmann, J.örg
AU  - Weiss, Elisabeth
AU  - Gerl, Lara
AU  - Dettmer, Nadine
AU  - Glomme, Sabine
AU  - Hess, C.F.
T1  - Lack of interferon beta–induced radiosensitization in four out of five human glioblastoma cell lines
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 55
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1348
SN  - 03603016
AB  - : PurposeTo investigate the potential of interferon β to enhance the cytotoxic activity of ionizing irradiation against glioma cells, and to elucidate the possible mechanisms responsible for conflicting clinical results.: Methods and materialsFive glioblastoma cell lines (U87MG, U118MG, U373MG, MO59K, MO59J) with different radiosensitivity and genetic background were used. Experiments were performed in exponentially growing cultures, and cell survival was measured by a colony-forming assay. Cells were incubated with natural interferon β (n-IFN-β; 30–3000 IU/mL) for 24 h followed by single dose irradiation with 1 to 6 Gy of γ-rays.: ResultsSignificant differences in n-IFN-β sensitivity were found. The cell lines also differed in their radiation sensitivity, and there was no correlation between the n-IFN-β and the radiation sensitivity. In three of five cell lines, the interaction of n-IFN-β and irradiation was infra-additive; in one cell line, it was additive. For MO59J cells only, which are NHEJ-deficient, supra-additivity was observed.: ConclusionOur results confirm the remarkable heterogeneity that is characteristic of malignant glioma. The combined effect of n-IFN-β and radiation was mostly infra-additive or additive; synergistic interaction might occur in tumor cells that already have acquired repair deficiencies because of their genetic instability, as shown for the MO59J cell line. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFERONS
KW  - GLIOMAS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - Glioblastoma
KW  - In vitro
KW  - Interferon beta
KW  - Radiosensitization
N1  - Accession Number: 9343398; Schmidberger, Heinz 1; Email Address: hschmbg@med.uni-goettingen.de Rave-Fränk, Margret 1 Lehmann, J.örg 2 Weiss, Elisabeth 1 Gerl, Lara 1 Dettmer, Nadine 1 Glomme, Sabine 1 Hess, C.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiation Oncology, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany  2: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Livermore, CA,USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 55 Issue 5, p1348; Subject Term: INTERFERONS; Subject Term: GLIOMAS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glioblastoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: In vitro; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interferon beta; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiosensitization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)04575-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oberai, Assad A
AU  - Gokhale, Nachiket H
AU  - Feijóo, Gonzalo R
T1  - Solution of inverse problems in elasticity imaging using the adjoint method.
JO  - Inverse Problems
JF  - Inverse Problems
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 313
SN  - 02665611
AB  - We consider the problem of determining the shear modulus of a linear-elastic, incompressible medium given boundary data and one component of the displacement field in the entire domain. The problem is derived from applications in quantitative elasticity imaging. We pose the problem as one of minimizing a functional and consider the use of gradient-based algorithms to solve it. In order to calculate the gradient efficiently we develop an algorithm based on the adjoint elasticity operator. The main cost associated with this algorithm is equivalent to solving two forward problems, independent of the number of optimization variables. We present numerical examples that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inverse Problems is the property of IOP Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 86906951; Oberai, Assad A 1 Gokhale, Nachiket H 1 Feijóo, Gonzalo R 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9405, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p297; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1088/0266-5611/19/2/304
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dumas, P.
AU  - Miller, L.
T1  - Biological and Biomedical Applications of Synchrotron Infrared Microspectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Biological Physics
JF  - Journal of Biological Physics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 218
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00920606
AB  - The high brightness of synchrotron light, which is about three orders of magnitude greater than a thermal source, has been exploited in biological and biomedical applications of infrared microspectroscopy. The potential of this analytical tool is documented in this article in the study of human tissue (hair and skin) and individual cells: biochemical and bio-structural changes based on corresponding functional groups have been identified and imaged with unprecedented spatial resolution. This technique also provides a new tool for analysis of biochemical kinetics of samples during disease and treatment. In the future, the combination of infrared microspectroscopy with other synchrotron-based microscopic techniques, such as X-ray microscopy, at the same sample location is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CELLS
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - FUNCTIONAL groups
KW  - cells
KW  - hair
KW  - infrared
KW  - microscopy
KW  - microspectroscopy
KW  - skin
KW  - synchrotron
KW  - x-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 14990855; Dumas, P. 1 Miller, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: LURE - Bat 209D - Centre Universitaire Paris-Sud, F-91898 Orsay cédex, France  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Building 725D, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2/3, p201; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL groups; Author-Supplied Keyword: cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: hair; Author-Supplied Keyword: infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: microspectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: skin; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchrotron; Author-Supplied Keyword: x-ray; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, L.M.
AU  - Smith, G.D.
AU  - Carr, G.L.
T1  - Synchrotron-based Biological Microspectroscopy: From the Mid-Infrared through the Far-Infrared Regimes.
JO  - Journal of Biological Physics
JF  - Journal of Biological Physics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 230
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00920606
AB  - Infrared radiation from synchrotron storage rings serves as a high-brightness source for diffraction-limited microspectroscopy in both the mid- and far-infrared spectral ranges. Mid-infrared absorption, due to local vibrational modes within complex molecules, is shown to be sensitive to small chemical changes associated with certain diseases. Farinfrared modes are believed to result from the folding or twisting of larger, more complex molecules. The ability for the synchrotron source to perform microscopy at a frequency of 1 THz is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - INFRARED technology
KW  - MEDICAL radiology
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - BIOPHYSICS
KW  - Biological microspectroscopy
KW  - far-infrared
KW  - mid-infrared
KW  - synchrotron radiation
KW  - THz microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14990854; Miller, L.M. 1; Email Address: lmiller@bnl.gov Smith, G.D. 1 Carr, G.L. 1; Email Address: carr@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2/3, p219; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: INFRARED technology; Subject Term: MEDICAL radiology; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: BIOPHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological microspectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: far-infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: mid-infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: THz microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holman, H.-Y.N.
AU  - Martin, M.C.
AU  - McKinney, W.R.
T1  - Synchrotron-Based FTIR Spectromicroscopy: Cytotoxicity and Heating Considerations.
JO  - Journal of Biological Physics
JF  - Journal of Biological Physics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 286
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00920606
AB  - Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectromicroscopy is a newly emerging bioanalytical and imaging tool. This unique technique provides mid-infrared (IR) spectra, hence chemical information, with high signal-to-noise at spatial resolutions as fine as 3 to 10 microns. Thus it enables researchers to locate, identify, and track specific chemical events within an individual living mammalian cell. Mid-IR photons are too low in energy (0.05–0.5 eV) to either break bonds or to cause ionization. In this review, we show that the synchrotron IR beam has no detectable effects on the short- and long-term viability, reproductive integrity, cell-cycle progression, and mitochondrial metabolism in living human cells, and produces only minimal sample heating (<0.5°C). These studies have established an important foundation for SR-FTIR spectromicroscopy in biological and biomedical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - HEATING
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Alcian blue
KW  - BrdU
KW  - colony formation
KW  - cytotoxicity
KW  - FTIR
KW  - heating
KW  - MTT
KW  - spectromicroscopy
KW  - synchrotron
KW  - viability
N1  - Accession Number: 14990847; Holman, H.-Y.N. 1; Email Address: HYHolman@lbl.gov Martin, M.C. 1 McKinney, W.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2/3, p275; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alcian blue; Author-Supplied Keyword: BrdU; Author-Supplied Keyword: colony formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: MTT; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectromicroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchrotron; Author-Supplied Keyword: viability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carr, G.L.
AU  - Martin, M.C.
AU  - McKinney, W.R.
AU  - Jordan, K.
AU  - Neil, G.R.
AU  - Williams, G.P.
T1  - Very High Power THz Radiation Sources.
JO  - Journal of Biological Physics
JF  - Journal of Biological Physics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 325
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00920606
AB  - We report the production of high power (20 watts average, ∼ 1 Megawatt peak) broadband THz light based on coherent emission from relativistic electrons. Such sources are ideal for imaging, for high power damage studies and for studies of non-linear phenomena in this spectral range. We describe the source, presenting theoretical calculations and their experimental verification. For clarity we compare this source with one based on ultrafast laser techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - QUANTUM optics
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Coherent
KW  - synchrotron radiation
KW  - terahertz
N1  - Accession Number: 14990874; Carr, G.L. 1 Martin, M.C. 2 McKinney, W.R. 2 Jordan, K. 3 Neil, G.R. 3 Williams, G.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Free Electron Laser Facility, Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2/3, p319; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: QUANTUM optics; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: terahertz; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Shan-Li
AU  - Johnston, Cliff T.
AU  - Bish, David L.
AU  - White, Joe L.
AU  - Hem, Stanley L.
T1  - Water-vapor adsorption and surface area measurement of poorly crystalline boehmite
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 260
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 26
SN  - 00219797
AB  - Water-vapor adsorption on poorly crystalline boehmite (PCB) was studied using a gravimetric FTIR apparatus that measured FTIR spectra and water adsorption isotherms simultaneously. The intensity of the <f>δ</f>(HOH) band of adsorbed water changed linearly with water content and this linear relationship was used to determine the dry mass of the sample. Adsorption and desorption isotherms of PCB showed a Type IV isotherm. The BETH2O surface area of PCB was <f>514±36</f> m2<f>/</f>g. The mean crystallite dimensions of PCB were estimated to be <f>4.5×2.2×10.0</f> nm (dimensions along the <f>a</f>, <f>b</f>, and <f>c</f> axes, respectively) based on application of the Scherrer equation to powder diffraction data of PCB. A surface area value of <f>504±45</f> m2<f>/</f>g calculated using the mean crystallite dimensions was in good agreement with the BETH2O surface area. This work also demonstrated a method to determine surface areas for materials with minimal perturbation of their surface structure. In addition, the FTIR spectra of PCB were influenced by changes in water content. The <f>δ</f>(AlOH) band at 835 cm<f>−1</f> observed under dry conditions was assigned to the non-H-bonded surface OH groups. As the amount of adsorbed water increased, the intensity at 835 cm<f>−1</f> decreased and that at 890 and 965 cm<f>−1</f> increased. The 890- and 965-cm<f>−1</f> bands are assigned to surface OH groups H-bonded with adsorbed water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC water vapor
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - Adsorbed water
KW  - FTIR spectroscopy
KW  - Mean crystallite dimension
KW  - Poorly crystalline boehmite
KW  - Scherrer equation
KW  - Surface area
KW  - Surface OH groups
KW  - Water-vapor adsorption
N1  - Accession Number: 9443701; Wang, Shan-Li 1 Johnston, Cliff T. 1; Email Address: clays@purdue.edu Bish, David L. 2 White, Joe L. 3 Hem, Stanley L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  2: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  3: Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1105, USA  4: Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1105, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 260 Issue 1, p26; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC water vapor; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorbed water; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTIR spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mean crystallite dimension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poorly crystalline boehmite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scherrer equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface area; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface OH groups; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water-vapor adsorption; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9797(02)00150-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Anthony Y.
AU  - Hauch, Kip D.
AU  - Berg, John C.
AU  - Martin, James E.
AU  - Anderson, Robert A.
T1  - Linear chains and chain-like fractals from electrostatic heteroaggregation
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 260
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 00219797
AB  - The internal structure of materials prepared by aggregation of oppositely charged polystyrene spheres (electrostatic heteroaggregation) is investigated by static light scattering, optical microscopy, and Brownian dynamics simulation. Light scattering indicates ultralow mass fractal dimensions, as low as 1.2. Such low fractal dimensions, approaching the theoretical limit of a linear object, imply a chaining mechanism. Optical micrographs reveal linear chains with the particle charge alternating down the chains. Brownian dynamics simulation gives additional support for a chaining mechanism. For the polystyrene system (120-nm primary particle diameters), the fractal dimension is found to increase from 1.2 to 1.7 as the background electrolyte is increased. In terms of electrostatic screening, the results match those reported recently for larger polystyrene spheres. The low fractal dimensions appear to represent a crossover from linear chains to a structure of diffusion-limited aggregates; however, experiments under density-neutral conditions imply that sedimentation plays an important role in the formation of ultralow fractal dimensions. The practical implication is that microcomposites with a locally uniform distribution of starting materials and almost any degree of branching can be prepared from oppositely charged particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Aggregation
KW  - Coagulation
KW  - Flocculation
KW  - Fractal dimension
KW  - Heteroaggregation
KW  - Heterocoagulation
KW  - Heteroflocculation
KW  - Light scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 9443715; Kim, Anthony Y. 1 Hauch, Kip D. 1 Berg, John C. 1; Email Address: berg@cheme.washington.edu Martin, James E. 2 Anderson, Robert A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 351750, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 260 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coagulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flocculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractal dimension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heteroaggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocoagulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heteroflocculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00033-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. (Bo)
AU  - Ho, Clifford
AU  - Robinson, Bruce
T1  - Preface
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
SN  - 01697722
N1  - Accession Number: 9572706; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. (Bo); Email Address: gsbodvarsson@1b1.gov; Ho, Clifford 1; Robinson, Bruce 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90R 1116, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p1; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00179-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
AU  - Kwicklis, E.
AU  - Shan, C.
AU  - Wu, Y.S.
T1  - Estimation of percolation flux from borehole temperature data at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Temperature data from the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain are analyzed to estimate percolation-flux rates and overall heat flux. A multilayer, one-dimensional analytical solution is presented for determining percolation flux from temperature data. Case studies have shown that the analytical solution agrees very well with results from the numerical code, TOUGH2. The results of the analysis yield percolation fluxes in the range from 0 to 20 mm/year for most of the deep boreholes. This range is in good agreement with the results of infiltration studies at Yucca Mountain. Percolation flux for the shallower boreholes, however, cannot be accurately determined from temperature data alone because large gas flow in the shallow system alters the temperature profiles. Percolation-flux estimates for boreholes located near or intersecting major faults are significantly higher than those for other boreholes. These estimates may be affected by gas flow in the faults. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil infiltration rate
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Geothermal gradient
KW  - Heat flow
KW  - Infiltration rate
KW  - Percolation flux
KW  - Unsaturated zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572707; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Email Address: gsbodvarsson@lbl.gov; Kwicklis, E. 2; Shan, C. 1; Wu, Y.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p3; Thesaurus Term: Soil infiltration rate; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geothermal gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infiltration rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Percolation flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00178-X
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Zhang, Keni
T1  - Development of discrete flow paths in unsaturated fractures at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 01697722
AB  - We have carried out numerical modeling studies to investigate the development of discrete-fracture flow paths and flow-focusing phenomena in the unsaturated rock of the potential repository horizon at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. These studies are based on two- and three-dimensional (2-D and 3-D) numerical models using site-specific parameters. The 2-D and 3-D models use high-resolution spatial discretization to explicitly include effects of discrete fractures with stochastically developed fracture permeabilities and a continuum approach. The permeability field is generated based on air permeability measurements at various scales. For most of the cases considered, uniform infiltration with different average rates (1–500 mm/year) is prescribed at the top of the model, while variability in outflow at the bottom of the model is used to evaluate the degree of flow focusing. In addition, scenarios involving nonuniform infiltration at the top boundary, different permeability correlation lengths and different flow-allocation schemes were analyzed. The modeling results obtained from all of the cases showed a remarkably similar flow-focusing pattern at the repository horizon. Furthermore, tracer transport simulation results also revealed additional features of focused flow and transport through the fracture network. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Discrete flow paths
KW  - Flow focusing
KW  - Fractured media
KW  - Preferential flow
KW  - Unsaturated flow and transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9572708; Bodvarsson, G.S.; Email Address: GSBodvarsson@lbl.gov; Wu, Yu-Shu 1; Zhang, Keni 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p23; Subject Term: Rocks; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete flow paths; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow focusing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated flow and transport; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00177-8
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Katherine
AU  - Wolfsberg, Andrew
AU  - Fabryka-Martin, June
AU  - Sweetkind, Donald
T1  - Chlorine-36 data at Yucca Mountain: statistical tests of conceptual models for unsaturated-zone flow
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 01697722
AB  - An extensive set of chlorine-36 (36Cl) data has been collected in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF), an 8-km-long tunnel at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, for the purpose of developing and testing conceptual models of flow and transport in the unsaturated zone (UZ) at this site. At several locations, the measured values of 36Cl/Cl ratios for salts leached from rock samples are high enough to provide strong evidence that at least a small component of bomb-pulse 36Cl, fallout from atmospheric testing of nuclear devices in the 1950s and 1960s, was measured, implying that some fraction of the water traveled from the ground surface through 200–300 m of unsaturated rock to the level of the ESF during the last 50 years. These data are analyzed here using a formal statistical approach based on log-linear models to evaluate alternative conceptual models for the distribution of such fast flow paths. The most significant determinant of the presence of bomb-pulse 36Cl in a sample from the welded Topopah Spring unit (TSw) is the structural setting from which the sample was collected. Our analysis generally supports the conceptual model that a fault that cuts through the nonwelded Paintbrush tuff unit (PTn) that overlies the TSw is required in order for bomb-pulse 36Cl to be transmitted to the sample depth in less than 50 years. Away from PTn-cutting faults, the ages of water samples at the ESF appear to be a strong function of the thickness of the nonwelded tuff between the ground surface and the ESF, due to slow matrix flow in that unit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Isotopes
KW  - Chlorine-36
KW  - Contingency tables
KW  - Faults
KW  - Fractures
KW  - Isotope
KW  - Likelihood ratio tests
KW  - Log-linear models
KW  - Odds ratios
KW  - Vadose zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572709; Campbell, Katherine 1; Wolfsberg, Andrew 2; Email Address: awolf@lanl.gov; Fabryka-Martin, June 2; Sweetkind, Donald 3; Affiliations: 1: Decision Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Water Resources Division, US Geological Survey, Denver, CO 80225, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p43; Thesaurus Term: Hydrology; Subject Term: Isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorine-36; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contingency tables; Author-Supplied Keyword: Faults; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Likelihood ratio tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Log-linear models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Odds ratios; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00176-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faybishenko, B.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
AU  - Salve, R.
T1  - On the physics of unstable infiltration, seepage, and gravity drainage in partially saturated tuffs
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 01697722
AB  - To improve understanding of the physics of dynamic instabilities in unsaturated flow processes within the Paintbrush nonwelded unit (PTn) and the middle nonlithophysal portion of the Topopah Spring welded tuff unit (TSw) of Yucca Mountain, we analyzed data from a series of infiltration tests carried out at two sites (Alcove 4 and Alcove 6) in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF), using analytical and empirical functions. The analysis of infiltration rates measured at both sites showed three temporal scales of infiltration rate: (1) a macro-scale trend of overall decreasing flow, (2) a meso-scale trend of fast and slow motion exhibiting three-stage variations of the flow rate (decreasing, increasing, and [again] decreasing flow rate, as observed in soils in the presence of entrapped air), and (3) micro-scale (high frequency) fluctuations. Infiltration tests in the nonwelded unit at Alcove 4 indicate that this unit may effectively dampen episodic fast infiltration events; however, well-known Kostyakov, Horton, and Philip equations do not satisfactorily describe the observed trends of the infiltration rate. Instead, a Weibull distribution model can most accurately describe experimentally determined time trends of the infiltration rate. Infiltration tests in highly permeable, fractured, welded tuff at Alcove 6 indicate that the infiltration rate exhibits pulsation, which may have been caused by multiple threshold effects and water–air redistribution between fractures and matrix. The empirical relationships between the extrinsic seepage from fractures, matrix imbibition, and gravity drainage versus the infiltration rate, as well as scaling and self-similarity for the leading edge of the water front are the hallmark of the nonlinear dynamic processes in water flow under episodic infiltration through fractured tuff. Based on the analysis of experimental data, we propose a conceptual model of a dynamic fracture flow and fracture–matrix interaction in fractured tuff, incorporating the time-dependent processes of water redistribution in the fracture–matrix system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Fractured rock
KW  - Gravity drainage
KW  - Infiltration
KW  - Infiltration equation
N1  - Accession Number: 9572710; Faybishenko, B.; Email Address: BAFaybishenko@lbl.gov; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Salve, R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p63; Thesaurus Term: Drainage; Subject Term: Seepage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gravity drainage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infiltration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infiltration equation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00175-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finsterle, S.
AU  - Ahlers, C.F.
AU  - Trautz, R.C.
AU  - Cook, P.J.
T1  - Inverse and predictive modeling of seepage into underground openings
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 01697722
AB  - We discuss the development and calibration of a model for predicting seepage into underground openings. Seepage is a key factor affecting the performance of the potential nuclear-waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Three-dimensional numerical models were developed to simulate field tests in which water was released from boreholes above excavated niches. Data from air-injection tests were geostatistically analyzed to infer the heterogeneous structure of the fracture permeability field. The heterogeneous continuum model was then calibrated against the measured amount of water that seeped into the opening. This approach resulted in the estimation of model-related, seepage-specific parameters on the scale of interest. The ability of the calibrated model to predict seepage was examined by comparing calculated with measured seepage rates from additional experiments conducted in different portions of the fracture network. We conclude that an effective capillary strength parameter is suitable to characterize seepage-related features and processes for use in a prediction model of average seepage into potential waste-emplacement drifts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Parameter estimation
KW  - Capillary barrier
KW  - Unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 9572711; Finsterle, S.; Email Address: SAFinsterle@lbl.gov; Ahlers, C.F. 1; Trautz, R.C. 1; Cook, P.J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail Stop 90-1116, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p89; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Seepage; Subject Term: Parameter estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00174-2
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinds, J.J.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
AU  - Nieder-Westermann, G.H.
T1  - Conceptual evaluation of the potential role of fractures in unsaturated processes at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 01697722
AB  - A wide array of field observations, in situ testing, and rock and water sampling (and subsequent analyses) within the unsaturated zone (UZ) of Yucca Mountain demonstrate the importance of fractures to flow and transport in the welded tuffs. The abundance of fractures and the spatial variability in their hydraulic properties, along with the heterogeneity within lithologic formations, make evaluation of unsaturated processes occurring within the potential repository horizon complex. Fracture mapping and field testing show that fractures are well connected, yet considerable variation is seen within and between units comprising the potential repository horizon with regard to fracture trace length, spacing, permeability, and capillarity. These variations have important implications for the distribution and movement of water and solutes through the unsaturated zone. Numerical models designed to assess such phenomena as unsaturated flow, transport, and coupled thermal–hydrological processes each require their own conceptual model for fracture networks, in order to identify the subset of all fractures that is relevant to the particular study. We evaluate several process-dependent conceptual models for fractures and identify the relevant fracture subsets related to these processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Conceptual model
KW  - Fracture characteristics
KW  - Repository
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572712; Hinds, J.J. 1; Bodvarsson, G.S.; Email Address: gsbodvarsson@lbl.gov; Nieder-Westermann, G.H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94702, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p111; Thesaurus Term: Water; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Rocks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conceptual model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture characteristics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00173-0
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Houseworth, J.E.
AU  - Finsterle, S.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - Flow and transport in the drift shadow in a dual-continuum model
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The current concept for high-level radioactive waste disposal at Yucca Mountain is for the waste to be placed in underground tunnels (or drifts) in the middle of a thick unsaturated zone. Flow modeling and field testing have shown that not all flow encountering a drift will seep into the drift. The underlying reason for the diversion of unsaturated flow around a drift is that capillary forces in the fractures and matrix prevent water entry into the drift unless the capillary pressure in the rock decreases sufficiently to allow for gravity forces to overcome the capillary barrier. As a result of the capillary barrier effect, flow tends to be diverted around the drift, affecting the flow pattern beneath the drift. For some distance beneath the drift, water saturation and flux are reduced. This drift shadow zone is much more pronounced in the fractures than in the matrix due to dominance of gravity over capillary forces in the fractures. Moving downward, away from the drift, the shadow zone asymptotically re-equilibrates to the undisturbed flow conditions due to capillary forces. The behavior of radionuclide transport in this zone of reduced flow is investigated here because this will affect the amount of time required for radionuclides to penetrate the unsaturated zone. The delay of radionuclide movement in the geosphere is one aspect of the potential repository system that could limit public exposure to radioactive waste.The behavior of flow and transport is calculated using a two-dimensional, drift-scale dual-permeability model extending to nine drift diameters below the potential waste emplacement drift. The flow model is first compared with an analytical model for a single continuum. Then, the dual-continuum flow model is investigated with respect to drift-scale and mountain-scale property sets. Transport calculations are performed for a wide range of flow conditions and for different aqueous radionuclides and colloids. Findings indicate that transport times for dissolved or colloidal material released from a drift without seepage are several orders of magnitude longer than if the releases occurred in the undisturbed flow field. Furthermore, the calculations indicate that the transport rate for radionuclides released in the drift shadow is relatively insensitive to flow rates in the fractures, but is sensitive to the flow rate in the matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Fractured rock
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Radionuclide transport
KW  - Unsaturated zone flow
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572713; Houseworth, J.E.; Email Address: jehouseworth@lbl.gov; Finsterle, S. 1; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p133; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclide transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00172-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Guomin
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
T1  - Seepage into drifts with mechanical degradation
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Seepage into drifts in unsaturated tuff is an important issue for the long-term performance of the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Drifts in which waste packages will be emplaced are subject to degradation in the form of rockfall from the drift ceiling, induced by stress-relief, seismic, or thermal effects. The objective of this study is to calculate seepage rates, for various drift-degradation scenarios and for different values of percolation flux, in the Topopah Spring middle nonlithophysal (Tptpmn) and the Topopah Spring lower lithophysal (Tptpll) units at Yucca Mountain. Seepage calculations are conducted by (1) defining a heterogeneous drift-scale permeability model with field data, (2) selecting calibrated parameters associated with the Tptpmn and Tptpll units, and (3) simulating seepage, based on detailed degraded-drift profiles obtained from a separate rock mechanics engineering analysis. The simulation results indicate (1) that the seepage threshold (i.e., the percolation flux at which seepage first occurs) is not significantly changed by drift degradation and (2) the degradation-induced increase in seepage above the threshold is influenced probably more by the shape of the cavity created by rockfall than by rockfall volume. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Drift
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Drift degradation
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Unsaturated flow
KW  - Yucca Mountain, Nevada
N1  - Accession Number: 9572714; Li, Guomin; Email Address: gmli@lbl.gov; Tsang, Chin-Fu 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p157; Subject Term: Seepage; Subject Term: Drift; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drift degradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain, Nevada; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00171-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572714&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Hui-Hai
AU  - Haukwa, Charles B.
AU  - Ahlers, C. Fredrik
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S.
AU  - Flint, Alan L.
AU  - Guertal, William B.
T1  - Modeling flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock: an evaluation of the continuum approach
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Because the continuum approach is relatively simple and straightforward to implement, it has been commonly used in modeling flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock. However, the usefulness of this approach can be questioned in terms of its adequacy for representing fingering flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock. The continuum approach thus needs to be evaluated carefully by comparing simulation results with field observations directly related to unsaturated flow and transport processes. This paper reports on such an evaluation, based on a combination of model calibration and prediction, using data from an infiltration test carried out in a densely fractured rock within the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Comparisons between experimental and modeling results show that the continuum approach may be able to capture important features of flow and transport processes observed from the test. The modeling results also show that matrix diffusion may have a significant effect on the overall transport behavior in unsaturated fractured rocks, which can be used to estimate effective fracture–matrix interface areas based on tracer transport data. While more theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies are needed to provide a conclusive evaluation, this study suggests that the continuum approach is useful for modeling flow and transport in unsaturated, densely fractured rock. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Matrix diffusion
KW  - Model calibration
KW  - Unsaturated flow
N1  - Accession Number: 9572715; Liu, Hui-Hai 1; Email Address: HHLiu@lbl.gov; Haukwa, Charles B. 1; Ahlers, C. Fredrik 1; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. 1; Flint, Alan L. 2; Guertal, William B. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; 2: US Geological Survey, Sacramento, CA, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p173; Subject Term: Rocks; Subject Term: Seepage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated flow; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00170-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Jianchun
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
T1  - Analysis of flow behavior in fractured lithophysal reservoirs
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This study develops a mathematical model for the analysis of pressure behavior in fractured lithophysal reservoirs. The lithophysal rock is described as a tri-continuum medium, consisting of fractures, rock matrices, and cavities. In the conceptual model, fractures have homogeneous properties throughout and interact with rock matrices and cavities that have different permeabilities and porosities. Global flow occurs through the fracture network only, while rock matrices and cavities contain the majority of fluid storage and provide fluid drainage to the fractures. Interporosity flows between the triple media are described using a pseudosteady-state concept and the system is characterized by interporosity transmissivity ratios and storativity ratio of each continuum. Pressure behavior is analyzed by examining the pressure drawdown curves, the derivative plots, and the effects of the characteristic parameters. Typical pressure responses from fractures, matrices, and cavities are represented by three semilog straight lines; the transitions by two troughs below the stabilization lines in the derivative plots. The analytical solution to the proposed model is further verified using a numerical simulation. The analytical model has also been applied to a published field-buildup well test and is able to match the pressure buildup data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Reservoirs
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Models & modelmaking
KW  - Dual-continuum medium
KW  - Dual-porosity model
KW  - Naturally fractured reservoirs
KW  - Triple-porosity model
KW  - Warren–Root solution
KW  - Well testing analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9572716; Liu, Jianchun 1; Bodvarsson, G.S.; Email Address: GSBodvarsson@lbl.gov; Wu, Yu-Shu 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p189; Thesaurus Term: Reservoirs; Thesaurus Term: Porosity; Subject Term: Models & modelmaking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dual-continuum medium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dual-porosity model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Naturally fractured reservoirs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triple-porosity model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Warren–Root solution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Well testing analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00169-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Jianchun
AU  - Sonnenthal, Eric L.
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S.
T1  - Calibration of Yucca Mountain unsaturated zone flow and transport model using porewater chloride data
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
SN  - 01697722
AB  - In this study, porewater chloride data from Yucca Mountain, NV are analyzed and modeled by three-dimensional chemical transport simulation and analytical methods. The simulation modeling approach is based on a continuum formulation of coupled multiphase fluid flow and tracer transport processes through fractured porous rock using a dual-continuum concept. Infiltration rate calibrations were performed using the porewater chloride data. Model results of chloride distributions were improved in matching the observed data with the calibrated infiltration rates. Statistical analyses of the frequency distribution for overall percolation fluxes and chloride concentration in the unsaturated zone system demonstrate that the use of the calibrated infiltration rates had an insignificant effect on the distribution of simulated percolation fluxes but significantly changed the predicted distribution of simulated chloride concentrations. An analytical method was also applied to model transient chloride transport. The method was verified by three-dimensional simulation results to be capable of capturing major chemical transient behavior and trends. Effects of lateral flow in the Paintbrush nonwelded unit on percolation fluxes and chloride distribution were studied by three-dimensional simulations with increased horizontal permeability. The combined results from these model calibrations furnish important information for the UZ model studies, contributing to performance assessment of the potential repository. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pore fluids
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Chloride
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Infiltration map
KW  - Percolation
KW  - Unsaturated zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572717; Liu, Jianchun 1; Sonnenthal, Eric L. 1; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S.; Email Address: GSBodvarsson@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p213; Thesaurus Term: Pore fluids; Thesaurus Term: Chlorides; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infiltration map; Author-Supplied Keyword: Percolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00168-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Bruce A.
AU  - Li, Chunhong
AU  - Ho, Clifford K.
T1  - Performance assessment model development and analysis of radionuclide transport in the unsaturated zone, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This paper describes the development and use of a particle-tracking model to perform radionuclide-transport simulations in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The goal of the effort was to produce a computational model that can be coupled to the project''s calibrated 3D site-scale flow model so that the results of that effort could be incorporated directly into the Total System Performance Assessment (TSPA) analyses. The transport model simulates multiple species (typically 20 or more) with complex time-varying and spatially varying releases from the potential repository. Water-table rise, climate-change scenarios, and decay chains are additional features of the model. A cell-based particle-tracking method was employed that includes a dual-permeability formulation, advection, longitudinal dispersion, matrix diffusion, and colloid-facilitated transport. This paper examines the transport behavior of several key radionuclides through the unsaturated zone using the calibrated 3D unsaturated flow fields. Computational results illustrate the relative importance of fracture flow, matrix diffusion, and lateral diversion on the distribution of travel times from the simulated repository to the water table for various climatic conditions. Results also indicate rapid transport through fractures for a portion of the released mass. Further refinement of the model will address several issues, including conservatism in the transport model, the assignment of parameters in the flow and transport models, and the underlying assumptions used to support the conceptual models of flow and transport in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Radionuclide transport
KW  - Total System Performance Assessment
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572719; Robinson, Bruce A. 1; Email Address: robinson@lanl.gov; Li, Chunhong 2; Ho, Clifford K. 3; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop T003, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Framatome ANP DE&S, Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p249; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclide transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Total System Performance Assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00166-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salve, Rohit
AU  - Oldenburg, Curtis M.
AU  - Wang, Joseph S.Y.
T1  - Fault-matrix interactions in nonwelded tuff of the Paintbrush Group at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
SN  - 01697722
AB  - To investigate the potential for fast flow through altered tuff of the nonwelded unit of the Paintbrush Group (PTn) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, we carried out in situ field experiments using water released directly into the matrix and along a minor subvertical normal fault at Alcove 4 in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF). During the experiments, changes in moisture content were monitored within the test bed, and a slot excavated below the test bed was visually inspected for seepage. Our field tests suggest that the dry porous PTn matrix is capable of attenuating episodic percolation fluxes in localized areas (such as around faults) where fast flow would be expected to dominate. Once wetted, the matrix is able to retain the moisture over a period of months. As saturation increases in the matrix, less water imbibes along the fault and more water travels farther along the fault. From this observation, we infer that a sequence of infiltration events separated by periods of up to a few months could convey water over increasing distances along the fault. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Conceptual models
KW  - Fault–matrix interaction
KW  - Nonwelded tuff
KW  - Unsaturated zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572720; Salve, Rohit; Email Address: r_salve@lbl.gov; Oldenburg, Curtis M. 1; Email Address: CMOldenburg@lbl.gov; Wang, Joseph S.Y. 1; Email Address: jswang@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 14-116 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p269; Thesaurus Term: Volcanic ash, tuff, etc.; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conceptual models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fault–matrix interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonwelded tuff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00165-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tidwell, Vincent C.
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
AU  - Chocas, Connie
AU  - Barker, Glenn
AU  - Orear, Lee
T1  - Visualization experiment to investigate capillary barrier performance in the context of a Yucca Mountain emplacement drift
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The use of capillary barriers as engineered backfill systems to divert water away from radioactive waste potentially stored in a Yucca Mountain emplacement drift is investigated. We designed and conducted a flow visualization experiment to investigate capillary barrier performance in this context. A two-dimensional, thin slab, test system replicated the physical emplacement drift to one-quarter scale (1.4-m diameter) and included the simulated drift wall, waste canister, pedestal, capillary barrier backfill, and host-rock fracture system. Water was supplied at the top of the simulated drift and allowed to discharge by way of wicks located along the left wall of the cell (simulated fractures) or by a gravity drain at the bottom of the right side (simulated impermeable rock with floor drain). Photographs captured the migration of water and a blue dye tracer within the system, analytical balances measured the mass balance of water, while tensiometers measured the capillary pressure at numerous locations. Of particular concern to this test was the drainage of the capillary barrier, which terminates against the drift wall. We found that while the simulated fractures (left side) and drain (right side) each influenced the performance of the capillary barrier at early time, they had little differential affect at later times. Also of concern was the small disparity in capillary properties between the fine and coarse layer (limited by the need of a fine-grained material that would not filter into the coarse layer under dry conditions). While the capillary barrier was able to divert the majority of flow toward the edges of the system and away from the simulated waste canister, the barrier did not preclude flow in the coarse layer, which was noted to be visually wet next to the waste canister on day 92 and was continuing to take on water at termination on day 112. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Flow visualization
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Capillary barrier
KW  - Capillary barrier drainage
KW  - Engineered backfill systems
N1  - Accession Number: 9572721; Tidwell, Vincent C.; Email Address: vctidwe@sandia.gov; Glass, Robert J. 1; Chocas, Connie 1; Barker, Glenn 1; Orear, Lee 1; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Geohydrology Department, P.O. Box 5800; Mail Stop 0735, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p287; Thesaurus Term: Drainage; Subject Term: Flow visualization; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary barrier drainage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Engineered backfill systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00164-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tseng, P.-H.
AU  - Soll, W.E.
AU  - Gable, C.W.
AU  - Turin, H.J.
AU  - Bussod, G.Y.
T1  - Modeling unsaturated flow and transport processes at the Busted Butte Field Test Site, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 01697722
AB  - A numerical model was used to simulate the flow and transport processes at the Busted Butte Field Test Site for the purpose of quantifying the effects of hydrogeologic conditions beneath the potential Yucca Mountain repository horizon. In situ experiments were conducted on a 10×10×7 m block comprising a layered Topopah Springs/Calico Hills formation with two imbedded faults. Tracer solution was continuously injected in eight parallel boreholes arranged on two horizontal planes. Twelve collection boreholes were emplaced perpendicular to the injection holes and were both horizontal and inclined. Solution samples were collected regularly using a sampling assembly consisting of an inverted membrane and sorbing-paper sampling pads. Comparisons between measurements and predictions show that, except for the occasional drops of concentrations observed in the field, the current model is able to capture the general characteristics of the system with varying levels of agreement using laboratory-measured mean hydraulic properties. Simulation results and field observations revealed a capillary-driven flow in the system. Good quantitative agreement is generally observed for near-field boreholes, however, this agreement deteriorates and the simulated solute concentration is underestimated at boreholes farther away from the injection points. Increasing the spatial resolution of the simulation improves the model predictions only to a limited extent. Scaling issues may need to be considered to describe flow and transport events, as the travel distance becomes large. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogeological surveys
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Field tracer test
KW  - Flow and transport in tuffs
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Unsaturated flow and transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9572722; Tseng, P.-H. 1; Email Address: tseng@lanl.gov; Soll, W.E. 2; Gable, C.W. 1; Turin, H.J. 3; Bussod, G.Y. 1; Affiliations: 1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group, EES-6, MS-T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; 2: Environmental Dynamics and Spatial Analysis Group, EES-10, MS-J495, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; 3: Isotope and Nuclear Chemistry Group, C-INC, MS-J534, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p303; Subject Term: Hydrogeological surveys; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field tracer test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow and transport in tuffs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated flow and transport; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00163-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572722&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Viswanathan, Hari S.
AU  - Robinson, Bruce A.
AU  - Gable, Carl W.
AU  - Carey, James W.
T1  - A geostatistical modeling study of the effect of heterogeneity on radionuclide transport in the unsaturated zone, Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Retardation of certain radionuclides due to sorption to zeolitic minerals is considered one of the major barriers to contaminant transport in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain. However, zeolitically altered areas are lower in permeability than unaltered regions, which raises the possibility that contaminants might bypass the sorptive zeolites. The relationship between hydrologic and chemical properties must be understood to predict the transport of radionuclides through zeolitically altered areas. In this study, we incorporate mineralogical information into an unsaturated zone transport model using geostatistical techniques to correlate zeolitic abundance to hydrologic and chemical properties. Geostatistical methods are used to develop variograms, kriging maps, and conditional simulations of zeolitic abundance. We then investigate, using flow and transport modeling on a heterogeneous field, the relationship between percent zeolitic alteration, permeability changes due to alteration, sorption due to alteration, and their overall effect on radionuclide transport. We compare these geostatistical simulations to a simplified threshold method in which each spatial location in the model is assigned either zeolitic or vitric properties based on the zeolitic abundance at that location. A key conclusion is that retardation due to sorption predicted by using the continuous distribution is larger than the retardation predicted by the threshold method. The reason for larger retardation when using the continuous distribution is a small but significant sorption at locations with low zeolitic abundance. If, for practical reasons, models with homogeneous properties within each layer are used, we recommend setting nonzero Kds in the vitric tuffs to mimic the more rigorous continuous distribution simulations. Regions with high zeolitic abundance may not be as effective in retarding radionuclides such as Neptunium since these rocks are lower in permeability and contaminants can only enter these regions through molecular diffusion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Heterogeneous media
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Unsaturated flow and transport
KW  - Zeolitic tuffs
N1  - Accession Number: 9572724; Viswanathan, Hari S.; Email Address: viswana@lanl.gov; Robinson, Bruce A. 1; Gable, Carl W. 1; Carey, James W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p319; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated flow and transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolitic tuffs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00162-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572724&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, J.S.Y.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - Evolution of the unsaturated zone testing at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The evaluation of the Yucca Mountain site has evolved from intensive surface-based investigations in the early 1980s to current focus on testing in underground drifts. Different periods of site characterization activities and prominent issues concerning the unsaturated zone (UZ) are summarized. Data collection activities have evolved from mapping of faults and fractures to estimation of percolation through tuff layers, and to quantification of seepage into drifts. Evaluation of discrete flow paths in drifts has led to fracture–matrix interaction and matrix diffusion tests over different scales. The effects of tuff interfaces and local faults are evaluated in fractured-welded and porous-nonwelded units. Mobilization of matrix water and redistribution of moisture are measured in thermal tests. Lessons learned from underground tests are used to focus on processes needed for additional quantification. Migration through the drift shadow zone and liquid flow through faults are two important issues that have evolved from current knowledge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Flow and transport
KW  - Fracture flow
KW  - Fracture–matrix interaction
KW  - Matrix diffusion
KW  - Percolation
KW  - Unsaturated zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572726; Wang, J.S.Y.; Email Address: jswang@lbl.gov; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p337; Subject Term: Seepage; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow and transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture–matrix interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Percolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00161-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572726&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Keni
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - Parallel computing simulation of fluid flow in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This paper presents the application of parallel computing techniques to large-scale modeling of fluid flow in the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. In this study, parallel computing techniques, as implemented into the TOUGH2 code, are applied in large-scale numerical simulations on a distributed-memory parallel computer. The modeling study has been conducted using an over-1-million-cell three-dimensional numerical model, which incorporates a wide variety of field data for the highly heterogeneous fractured formation at Yucca Mountain. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of various surface infiltration scenarios (under current and possible future climates) on flow through the UZ system, using various hydrogeological conceptual models with refined grids. The results indicate that the 1-million-cell models produce better resolution results and reveal some flow patterns that cannot be obtained using coarse-grid modeling models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Flow modeling
KW  - Numerical simulation
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Unsaturated zone
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572729; Zhang, Keni; Email Address: kzhang@lbl.gov; Wu, Yu-Shu 1; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p381; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00159-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572729&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arnold, B.W.
AU  - Kuzio, S.P.
AU  - Robinson, B.A.
T1  - Radionuclide transport simulation and uncertainty analyses with the saturated-zone site-scale model at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Evaluation of radionuclide transport in the saturated zone (SZ) to the accessible environment is an important component of performance assessment for the proposed radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain. Simulations of radionuclide migration in the SZ have been performed using the calibrated three-dimensional (3-D) SZ site-scale flow and transport model. An innovative particle-tracking method was used to simulate transport that includes the processes of advection, dispersion, matrix diffusion, and sorption. The uncertainties in groundwater flow and radionuclide transport were quantitatively evaluated to develop uncertainty distributions for key model parameters, and multiple realizations of the SZ system were simulated using the SZ site-scale model. The results of multiple realizations of radionuclide transport indicate significant aggregate uncertainty in transport times through the SZ. The simulated radionuclide mass breakthrough curves in the SZ have been coupled with other components of the repository system in Total System Performance Assessment (TSPA) analyses and constitute the means by which uncertainty in the SZ is incorporated into regulatory analyses. Regression analysis has been used to determine the sensitivity of radionuclide transport simulation results to the uncertainty of individual model input parameters. Results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that median radionuclide transport times were dominantly controlled by uncertainty in the specific discharge in the SZ, with sorption and retardation in the alluvium playing important roles for some radionuclides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Nuclear track detectors
KW  - Groundwater transport
KW  - Model
KW  - Particle tracking
KW  - Radionuclide
KW  - Saturated zone
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 9572730; Arnold, B.W. 1; Email Address: BWARNOL@sandia.gov; Kuzio, S.P. 1; Robinson, B.A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0776, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0776, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p401; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Subject Term: Nuclear track detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00158-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572730&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buscheck, T.A.
AU  - Glascoe, L.G.
AU  - Lee, K.H.
AU  - Gansemer, J.
AU  - Sun, Y.
AU  - Mansoor, K.
T1  - Validation of the Multiscale Thermohydrologic Model used for analysis of a proposed repository at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Performance assessment and design evaluation of the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain are facilitated by a thermohydrologic modeling tool that simultaneously accounts for processes occurring at a scale of a few tens of centimeters around individual waste packages and emplacement drifts, and accounts for processes at the multi-kilometer scale of the mountain. The most straightforward approach is to account for the 3-D drift- and mountain-scale dimensionality all within a single monolithic thermohydrologic model. This approach is too computationally expensive to be a viable simulation tool capable of addressing all waste-package locations in the repository. The Multiscale Thermohydrologic Model (MSTHM) is a computationally efficient alternative to addressing these modeling issues. In this paper, we describe the principal calculation stages to predict temperature, relative humidity, and liquid-saturation, as well as other thermohydrologic variables, in the drifts and in the host rock. Using a three-drift repository example (which is a scaled-down version of the proposed repository), we demonstrate the validity of the MSTHM approach against a nested monolithic thermohydrologic model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Hydrological
KW  - Multiscale
KW  - Repository
KW  - Thermal
KW  - Validation
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572731; Buscheck, T.A.; Email Address: buscheck1@llnl.gov; Glascoe, L.G. 1; Lee, K.H. 1; Gansemer, J. 1; Sun, Y. 1; Mansoor, K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Geosciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-204, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p421; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrological; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiscale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00157-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572731&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buscheck, T.A.
AU  - Rosenberg, N.D.
AU  - Blink, J.A.
AU  - Sun, Y.
AU  - Gansemer, J.
T1  - Analysis of thermohydrologic behavior for above-boiling and below-boiling thermal-operating modes for a repository at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 441
SN  - 01697722
AB  - We report results from a multi-scale thermohydrologic modeling study for two alternative thermal-operating modes for the potential repository system recently analyzed by the Yucca Mountain Project. These include a Higher-Temperature Operating Mode (HTOM), which results in a localized boiling zone around each emplacement drift, and a Lower-Temperature Operating Mode (LTOM), which always maintains sub-boiling temperatures throughout the repository. The HTOM places all waste packages nearly end to end, making the lineal power density greater than in the LTOM. The lower lineal power density in the LTOM was achieved by placing some waste packages farther apart (which results in a larger repository footprint), and through an increased reliance on pre-closure ventilation to remove the waste-package-generated heat. We focus on temperature T and relative humidity RH at the waste-package and drift-wall surfaces, and on in-drift evaporation. In general, HTOM temperatures are greater than corresponding LTOM temperatures, exhibit similar spatial variability and have a stronger dependence on infiltration flux. The duration of RH reduction on waste packages is similar for the LTOM and HTOM. A major difference between the LTOM and HTOM is the lower waste-package temperature at any given value of waste-package RH for the LTOM. Waste-package temperatures in the LTOM, by design, remain below ∼85 °C; the absence of RH reduction arising from host-rock dryout causes waste-package RH to remain above about 40%. The HTOM waste packages experience higher temperatures and correspondingly lower RH conditions as a result of RH reduction arising from host-rock dryout. For most of the repository area, the HTOM delays the potential onset of gravity-driven seepage compared to the LTOM (as indicated by the duration of boiling at the drift wall). Boiling conditions in the HTOM also delays the onset of capillary-driven seepage into the granular invert, causing the HTOM to have less evaporation in the invert during the first 800–1500 years than the LTOM; subsequent evaporation rates are higher in the HTOM, due to the higher power density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Thermal analysis
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Hydrological
KW  - Multi-scale
KW  - Repository
KW  - Thermal
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572732; Buscheck, T.A.; Email Address: buscheck1@llnl.gov; Rosenberg, N.D. 1; Blink, J.A. 1; Sun, Y. 1; Gansemer, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Geosciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-204, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p441; Thesaurus Term: Hydrology; Subject Term: Thermal analysis; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrological; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00156-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572732&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobson, Patrick F.
AU  - Kneafsey, Timothy J.
AU  - Sonnenthal, Eric L.
AU  - Spycher, Nicolas
AU  - Apps, John A.
T1  - Experimental and numerical simulation of dissolution and precipitation: implications for fracture sealing at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Plugging of flow paths caused by mineral precipitation in fractures above the potential repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada could reduce the probability of water seeping into the repository. As part of an ongoing effort to evaluate thermal-hydrological-chemical (THC) effects on flow in fractured media, we performed a laboratory experiment and numerical simulations to investigate mineral dissolution and precipitation under anticipated temperature and pressure conditions in the repository. To replicate mineral dissolution by vapor condensate in fractured tuff, water was flowed through crushed Yucca Mountain tuff at 94 °C. The resulting steady-state fluid composition had a total dissolved solids content of about 140 mg/l; silica was the dominant dissolved constituent. A portion of the steady-state mineralized water was flowed into a vertically oriented planar fracture in a block of welded Topopah Spring Tuff that was maintained at 80 °C at the top and 130 °C at the bottom. The fracture began to seal with amorphous silica within 5 days.A 1-D plug-flow numerical model was used to simulate mineral dissolution, and a similar model was developed to simulate the flow of mineralized water through a planar fracture, where boiling conditions led to mineral precipitation. Predicted concentrations of the major dissolved constituents for the tuff dissolution were within a factor of 2 of the measured average steady-state compositions. The mineral precipitation simulations predicted the precipitation of amorphous silica at the base of the boiling front, leading to a greater than 50-fold decrease in fracture permeability in 5 days, consistent with the laboratory experiment.These results help validate the use of a numerical model to simulate THC processes at Yucca Mountain. The experiment and simulations indicated that boiling and concomitant precipitation of amorphous silica could cause significant reductions in fracture porosity and permeability on a local scale. However, differences in fluid flow rates and thermal gradients between the experimental setup and anticipated conditions at Yucca Mountain need to be factored into scaling the results of the dissolution/precipitation experiments and associated simulations to THC models for the potential Yucca Mountain repository. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Precipitation (Chemistry)
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Dissolution
KW  - Heat pipe
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Precipitation
KW  - Reactive transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9572733; Dobson, Patrick F.; Email Address: pfdobson@lbl.gov; Kneafsey, Timothy J. 1; Sonnenthal, Eric L. 1; Spycher, Nicolas 1; Apps, John A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p459; Thesaurus Term: Porosity; Subject Term: Precipitation (Chemistry); Subject Term: Minerals; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat pipe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00155-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572733&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eddebbarh, A.A.
AU  - Zyvoloski, G.A.
AU  - Robinson, B.A.
AU  - Kwicklis, E.M.
AU  - Reimus, P.W.
AU  - Arnold, B.W.
AU  - Corbet, T.
AU  - Kuzio, S.P.
AU  - Faunt, C.
T1  - The saturated zone at Yucca Mountain: an overview of the characterization and assessment of the saturated zone as a barrier to potential radionuclide migration
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The US Department of Energy is pursuing Yucca Mountain, Nevada, for the development of a geologic repository for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste, if the repository is able to meet applicable radiation protection standards established by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Effective performance of such a repository would rely on a number of natural and engineered barriers to isolate radioactive waste from the accessible environment. Groundwater beneath Yucca Mountain is the primary medium through which most radionuclides might move away from the potential repository. The saturated zone (SZ) system is expected to act as a natural barrier to this possible movement of radionuclides both by delaying their transport and by reducing their concentration before they reach the accessible environment. Information obtained from Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project activities is used to estimate groundwater flow rates through the site-scale SZ flow and transport model area and to constrain general conceptual models of groundwater flow in the site-scale area. The site-scale conceptual model is a synthesis of what is known about flow and transport processes at the scale required for total system performance assessment of the site. This knowledge builds on and is consistent with knowledge that has accumulated at the regional scale but is more detailed because more data are available at the site-scale level. The mathematical basis of the site-scale model and the associated numerical approaches are designed to assist in quantifying the uncertainty in the permeability of rocks in the geologic framework model and to represent accurately the flow and transport processes included in the site-scale conceptual model. Confidence in the results of the mathematical model was obtained by comparing calculated to observed hydraulic heads, estimated to measured permeabilities, and lateral flow rates calculated by the site-scale model to those calculated by the regional-scale flow model. In addition, it was confirmed that the flow paths leaving the region of the potential repository are consistent with those inferred from gradients of measured head and those independently inferred from water-chemistry data. The general approach of the site-scale SZ flow and transport model analysis is to calculate unit breakthrough curves for radionuclides at the interface between the SZ and the biosphere using the three-dimensional site-scale SZ flow and transport model. Uncertainties are explicitly incorporated into the site-scale SZ flow and transport abstractions through key parameters and conceptual models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Radionuclides
KW  - Saturated zone
KW  - Site-scale flow and transport model
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572734; Eddebbarh, A.A. 1; Email Address: Al_Eddebbarh@notes.ymp.gov; Zyvoloski, G.A. 1; Robinson, B.A. 1; Kwicklis, E.M. 1; Reimus, P.W. 2; Arnold, B.W. 3; Corbet, T. 3; Kuzio, S.P. 3; Faunt, C. 4; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Isotope and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA; 4: US Geological Survey, San Diego, CA 92123, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p477; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site-scale flow and transport model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00154-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572734&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glassley, William E.
AU  - Nitao, John J.
AU  - Grant, Charles W.
T1  - Three-dimensional spatial variability of chemical properties around a monitored waste emplacement tunnel
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Regulatory requirements and scientific needs require that the response of the geological system to emplacement of high level radioactive waste be monitored for long time periods. This monitoring activity is intended to establish the extent to which predicted behavior matches the actual response of the geological system to waste emplacement. To accomplish this goal, field measurements must be made at a spatial resolution that will determine whether the changes in parameters that are monitored conform to predicted evolutionary patterns. From the perspective of thermohydrological and geochemical parameters, key measurements will consider pore water compositional evolution and changes in matrix and fracture saturation in the near vicinity of waste emplacement tunnels. A massively parallel high performance computational platform (a 1200 processor IBM SP-2) was used to conduct three-dimensional, high resolution simulations to ascertain the spatial variability to be expected during a monitoring period. The results show that spatial variability in certain chemical parameters below waste emplacement tunnels provides robust targets for monitoring, but will require sampling on the scale of 10 s of centimeters in some locations, in order to rigorously test models. Chemical variability induced by relatively small changes in waste package heat output suggests that designing a monitoring program that will rigorously test model predictions will likely require high resolution, three-dimensional simulations of the “as-built” monitoring tunnels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive waste repositories
KW  - Vigilance (Psychology)
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Nuclear waste repository
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Pore water chemistry
KW  - Reactive transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9572736; Glassley, William E.; Email Address: glassley1@llnl.gov; Nitao, John J. 1; Email Address: nitao1@llnl.gov; Grant, Charles W. 1; Email Address: grant1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p495; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste repositories; Subject Term: Vigilance (Psychology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pore water chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00153-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572736&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glassley, William E.
AU  - Nitao, John J.
AU  - Grant, Charles W.
T1  - Three-dimensional spatial variability of chemical properties around a monitored waste emplacement tunnel
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Regulatory requirements and scientific needs require that the response of the geological system to emplacement of high level radioactive waste be monitored for long time periods. This monitoring activity is intended to establish the extent to which predicted behavior matches the actual response of the geological system to waste emplacement. To accomplish this goal, field measurements must be made at a spatial resolution that will determine whether the changes in parameters that are monitored conform to predicted evolutionary patterns. From the perspective of thermohydrological and geochemical parameters, key measurements will consider pore water compositional evolution and changes in matrix and fracture saturation in the near vicinity of waste emplacement tunnels. A massively parallel high performance computational platform (a 1200 processor IBM SP-2) was used to conduct three-dimensional, high resolution simulations to ascertain the spatial variability to be expected during a monitoring period. The results show that spatial variability in certain chemical parameters below waste emplacement tunnels provides robust targets for monitoring, but will require sampling on the scale of 10 s of centimeters in some locations, in order to rigorously test models. Chemical variability induced by relatively small changes in waste package heat output suggests that designing a monitoring program that will rigorously test model predictions will likely require high resolution, three-dimensional simulations of the “as-built” monitoring tunnels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste repositories
KW  - VIGILANCE (Psychology)
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Nuclear waste repository
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Pore water chemistry
KW  - Reactive transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9572736; Glassley, William E.; Email Address: glassley1@llnl.gov Nitao, John J. 1; Email Address: nitao1@llnl.gov Grant, Charles W. 1; Email Address: grant1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p495; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste repositories; Subject Term: VIGILANCE (Psychology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pore water chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00153-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9572736&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haukwa, C.B.
AU  - Tsang, Y.W.
AU  - Wu, Y.-S.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - Effect of heterogeneity in fracture permeability on the potential for liquid seepage into a heated emplacement drift of the potential repository
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 509
SN  - 01697722
AB  - A numerical model was used to investigate the effect of spatial variability in fracture permeability on liquid seepage and moisture distribution in the vicinity of a waste emplacement drift in the unsaturated zone (UZ) of Yucca Mountain. The model is based on a two-dimensional, cross-sectional, dual-permeability model of the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain and uses a stochastic approach to investigate the effect of small-scale heterogeneous features. The studies were conducted using one uniform fracture permeability case, three realizations of stochastically generated fracture permeability, one discrete permeability feature case, and one increased ambient liquid flux case. In all cases, the models predict that completely dry drift conditions will develop above and below the drift in 10–100 years and remain dry for 1000–2000 years. During this period, the models predict no seepage into drifts, although liquid flux above the drifts and within the drift pillars may increase by up to two orders of magnitude above ambient flux. This is because the heat released by the emplaced waste is sufficient to vaporize liquid flux of one to two orders of magnitude higher than present-day ambient flux for over 1000 years. The results also show that unsaturated zone thermal–hydrological (TH) models with uniform layer permeability can adequately predict the evolution of seepage and moisture distribution in the rock mass surrounding the repository drifts. The models further show that although variability in fracture permeability may focus and enhance liquid flow in regions of enhanced liquid saturation (due to condensation above the drifts), vaporization and vapor diffusion can maintain a dry environment within the drifts for thousands of years. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Drift
KW  - Fracture flow
KW  - Liquid seepage
KW  - Stochastic fracture permeability
KW  - Thermal hydrological response
N1  - Accession Number: 9572737; Haukwa, C.B.; Email Address: CBHaukwa@yahoo.com; Tsang, Y.W. 1; Wu, Y.-S. 1; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p509; Thesaurus Term: Permeability; Subject Term: Seepage; Subject Term: Drift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid seepage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic fracture permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal hydrological response; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00152-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572737&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haukwa, C.B.
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - Modeling thermal–hydrological response of the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, to thermal load at a potential repository
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This paper presents a numerical study on the response of the unsaturated zone (UZ) system of Yucca Mountain to heat generated from decaying radioactive wastes emplaced at the proposed repository. The modeling study is based on the current thermal–hydrological (TH) mountain-scale model, which uses a locally refined 2D north–south cross-section and dual-permeability numerical approach. The model provides a prediction of the mountain-scale TH response under the thermal-load scenario of 1.45 kW/m, while accounting for future climatic changes and the effects of drift ventilation. The TH simulation results show that ventilation of the repository drifts has a large impact on thermal–hydrologic regimes and moisture-flow conditions at the repository. In both cases, with and without ventilation, the TH model predicts dry or reduced liquid saturation near the drifts for over 1000 years, during which liquid flux through the drifts is reduced to either zero or less than the ambient flux. Without ventilation, the model predicts higher temperatures at the repository, but no major moisture redistribution in the UZ except in the areas very near the heated drifts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Drift ventilation
KW  - Liquid reflux
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Thermal and moisture distribution
KW  - Thermal hydrological behavior
KW  - Unsaturated zone flow and transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9572738; Haukwa, C.B.; Email Address: CBHaukwa@yahoo.com; Wu, Yu-Shu 1; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p529; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drift ventilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid reflux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive waste disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal and moisture distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal hydrological behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone flow and transport; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00188-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572738&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jolley, Darren M.
AU  - Ehrhorn, Thomas F.
AU  - Horn, Joanne
T1  - Microbial Impacts to the Near-Field Environment Geochemistry: a model for estimating microbial communities in repository drifts at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 553
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Geochemical and microbiological modeling was performed to evaluate the potential quantities and impact of microorganisms on the geochemistry of the area adjacent to and within nuclear waste packages in the proposed repository drifts at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The microbial growth results from the introduction of water, ground support, and waste package materials into the deep unsaturated rock. The simulations, which spanned 1 million years, were accomplished using a newly developed computer code, Microbial Impacts to the Near-Field Environment Geochemistry (MING). MING uses environmental thresholds for limiting microbial growth to temperatures below 120 °C and above relative humidities of 90% in repository drifts. Once these thresholds are met, MING expands upon a mass balance and thermodynamic approach proposed by McKinley et al. [FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 20 (1997) 545] by using kinetic rates to supply constituents from design materials and constituent fluxes including solubilized rock components into the drift to perform two separate mass balance calculations as a function of time. The first (nutrient limit) assesses the available nutrients (C, N, P and S) and calculates how many microorganisms can be produced based on a microorganism stoichiometry of C160(H280O80)N30P2S. The second (energy limit) calculates the energy available from optimally combined redox couples for the temperature and pH at that time. This optimization maximizes those reactions that produce >15 kJ/mol (limit on useable energy) using an iterative linear optimization technique. The final available energy value is converted to microbial mass at a rate of 1 kg of biomass (dry weight) for every 64 MJ of energy. These two values (nutrient limit and energy limit) are then compared and the smaller value represents the number of microorganisms that can be produced over a specified time. MING can also be adapted to investigate other problems of interest as the model can be used in saturated and unsaturated environments and in laboratory situations to establish microbial growth limitations. Other projected uses include investigations of contaminated locations where monitored natural attenuation or engineered bioremediation could be employed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geomicrobiology
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Biofilms
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Engineered barriers
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Microbial communities
KW  - Predictive modeling
KW  - Radionuclide sorption
N1  - Accession Number: 9572739; Jolley, Darren M. 1; Email Address: darren_jolley@ymp.gov; Ehrhorn, Thomas F. 2; Email Address: thomas_ehrhorn@ymp.gov; Horn, Joanne 3; Email Address: horn3@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Framatome ANP DE & S, 1180 Town Center Drive, Las Vegas, NV 89144, USA; 2: Framatome ANP DE & S, One Park Square, 6501 Americas Parkway NE, Suite 810, Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA; 3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-631, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p553; Thesaurus Term: Geomicrobiology; Thesaurus Term: Microorganisms; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biofilms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Engineered barriers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbial communities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Predictive modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclide sorption; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00187-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572739&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKenna, Sean A.
AU  - Walker, Douglas D.
AU  - Arnold, Bill
T1  - Modeling dispersion in three-dimensional heterogeneous fractured media at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Highly resolved numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse dispersivities proposed for use in the larger-scale Yucca Mountain saturated zone (SZ) site-scale model. Two different stochastic continuum models (SCM) that define the spatial variability of permeability are inferred from the observed fracture characteristics and the measured permeabilities. These models are created with a combination of indicator geostatistics and boolean simulation that allow for modeling different correlation lengths and anisotropy ratios at different permeability thresholds as well as the inclusion of large, high-permeability features. Longitudinal and transverse (horizontal and vertical) dispersion through the permeability realizations is evaluated for both distributed and focused source geometries using groundwater flow and streamline particle tracking. These numerical results are compared to behavior predicted by an analytical solution and to dispersivities estimated by an expert panel. Early time transport results are significantly non-Gaussian due to the strong heterogeneity of the fractured medium. At late times, travel distances of 23 correlation lengths, the longitudinal and transverse horizontal dispersivity results are well approximated by the analytical solution and the expert elicitation estimates. The calculated transverse vertical dispersivity values are smaller than those estimated from the analytical solution. Inclusion of high-permeability features of the same size as the model domain with a distributed planar source creates extreme values of the longitudinal and transverse horizontal dispersivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Dispersion
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Fractured rock
KW  - Stochastic continuum model
N1  - Accession Number: 9572740; McKenna, Sean A. 1; Email Address: samcken@sandia.gov; Walker, Douglas D. 2; Email Address: ddwalker@uiuc.edu; Arnold, Bill 3; Email Address: bwarnol@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800 MS 0735, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0735, USA; 2: Duke Engineering and Services, Albuquerque, NM, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800 MS 0776, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0776, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p577; Subject Term: Dispersion; Subject Term: Rocks; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic continuum model; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00189-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mukhopadhyay, S.
AU  - Tsang, Y.W.
T1  - Uncertainties in coupled thermal–hydrological processes associated with the Drift Scale Test at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 595
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Understanding thermally driven coupled hydrological, mechanical, and chemical processes in unsaturated fractured tuff is essential for evaluating the performance of the potential radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The Drift Scale Test (DST), intended for acquiring such an understanding of these processes, has generated a huge volume of temperature and moisture redistribution data. Sophisticated thermal–hydrological (TH) conceptual models have yielded a good fit between simulation results and those measured data. However, some uncertainties in understanding the TH processes associated with the DST still exist. This paper evaluates these uncertainties and provides quantitative estimates of the range of these uncertainties. Of particular interest for the DST are the uncertainties resulting from the unmonitored loss of vapor through an open bulkhead of the test. There was concern that the outcome from the test might have been significantly altered by these losses. Using alternative conceptual models, we illustrate that predicted mean temperatures from the DST are within 1 °C of the measured mean temperatures through the first 2 years of heating. The simulated spatial and temporal evolution of drying and condensation fronts is found to be qualitatively consistent with measured saturation data. Energy and mass balance computation shows that no more than 13% of the input energy is lost because of vapor leaving the test domain through the bulkhead. The change in average saturation in fractures is also relatively small. For a hypothetical situation in which no vapor is allowed to exit through the bulkhead, the simulated average fracture saturation is not qualitatively different enough to be discerned by measured moisture redistribution data. This leads us to conclude that the DST, despite the uncertainties associated with open field testing, has provided an excellent understanding of the TH processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Drift
KW  - Chemical processes
KW  - Coupled processes
KW  - Drift Scale Test
KW  - Fractured rock
KW  - Hydrological
KW  - Radioactive waste
KW  - Thermal
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Yucca Mountain, Nevada
N1  - Accession Number: 9572741; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Email Address: SMukhopadhyay@lbl.gov; Tsang, Y.W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p595; Subject Term: Drift; Subject Term: Chemical processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coupled processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drift Scale Test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrological; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain, Nevada; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00186-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572741&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reimus, Paul W.
AU  - Haga, Marc J.
AU  - Adams, Andrew I.
AU  - Callahan, Timothy J.
AU  - Turin, H.J.
AU  - Counce, Dale A.
T1  - Testing and parameterizing a conceptual solute transport model in saturated fractured tuff using sorbing and nonsorbing tracers in cross-hole tracer tests
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 613
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Two cross-hole tracer tests involving the simultaneous injection of two nonsorbing solute tracers with different diffusion coefficients (bromide and pentafluorobenzoate) and one weakly sorbing solute tracer (lithium ion) were conducted in two different intervals at the C-wells complex near the site of a potential high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, NV. The tests were conducted to (1) test a conceptual radionuclide transport model for saturated, fractured tuffs near Yucca Mountain and (2) obtain transport parameter estimates for predictive modeling of radionuclide transport. The differences between the responses of the two nonsorbing tracers and the sorbing tracer (when normalized to injection masses) were consistent with a dual-porosity transport system in which matrix diffusion was occurring. The concentration attenuation of the sorbing tracer relative to the nonsorbing tracers suggested that diffusion occurred primarily into matrix pores, not simply into stagnant water within the fractures. The Kd values deduced from the lithium responses were generally larger than Kd values measured in laboratory batch sorption tests using crushed C-wells cores. This result supports the use of laboratory-derived Kd values for predicting sorbing species transport at the site, as the laboratory Kd values would result in underprediction of sorption and hence conservative transport predictions. The tracer tests also provided estimates of effective flow porosity and longitudinal dispersivity at the site. The tests clearly demonstrated the advantages of using multiple tracers of different physical and chemical characteristics to distinguish between alternative conceptual transport models and to obtain transport parameter estimates that are better constrained than can be obtained using only a single tracer or using multiple nonsorbing tracers without a sorbing tracer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive tracers
KW  - Ion exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Ion exchange
KW  - Matrix diffusion
KW  - Multi-species
KW  - RELAP
KW  - Sorbing tracer(s)
KW  - Tracers
N1  - Accession Number: 9572742; Reimus, Paul W. 1; Email Address: preimus@lanl.gov; Haga, Marc J. 1; Adams, Andrew I. 1; Callahan, Timothy J. 2; Turin, H.J. 1; Counce, Dale A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Science and Waste Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS J534, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Department of Geology and Environmental Sciences, College of Charleston, 66 George Street, Charleston, SC 29424, USA; 3: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p613; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive tracers; Subject Term: Ion exchange (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-species; Author-Supplied Keyword: RELAP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorbing tracer(s); Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracers; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00185-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572742&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rutqvist, Jonny
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
T1  - Analysis of thermal–hydrologic–mechanical behavior near an emplacement drift at Yucca Mountain
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
SN  - 01697722
AB  - A coupled thermal, hydrologic and mechanical (THM) analysis is conducted to evaluate the impact of coupled THM processes on the performance of a potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The analysis considers changes in rock mass porosity, permeability, and capillary pressure caused by rock deformations during drift excavation, as well as those caused by thermomechanically induced rock deformations after emplacement of the heat-generating waste. The analysis consists of a detailed calibration of coupled hydraulic–mechanical rock mass properties against field experiments, followed by a prediction of the coupled thermal, hydrologic, and mechanical behavior around a potential repository drift. For the particular problem studied and parameters used, the analysis indicates that the stress-induced permeability changes will be within one order of magnitude and that these permeability changes do not significantly impact the overall flow pattern around the repository drift. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive waste repositories
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Hydrologic
KW  - Mechanical
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Repository
KW  - Stress
KW  - Thermal
N1  - Accession Number: 9572743; Rutqvist, Jonny; Email Address: jrutqvist@lbl.gov; Tsang, Chin-Fu 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 947 20, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p637; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste repositories; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrologic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repository; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00184-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572743&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spycher, N.F.
AU  - Sonnenthal, E.L.
AU  - Apps, J.A.
T1  - Fluid flow and reactive transport around potential nuclear waste emplacement tunnels at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The evolution of fluid chemistry and mineral alteration around a potential waste emplacement tunnel (drift) is evaluated using numerical modeling. The model considers the flow of water, gas, and heat, plus reactions between minerals, CO2 gas, and aqueous species, and porosity–permeability–capillary pressure coupling for a dual permeability (fractures and matrix) medium. Two possible operating temperature modes are investigated: a “high-temperature” case with temperatures exceeding the boiling point of water for several hundred years, and a “low-temperature” case with temperatures remaining below boiling for the entire life of the repository. In both cases, possible seepage waters are characterized by dilute to moderate salinities and mildly alkaline pH values. These trends in fluid composition and mineral alteration are controlled by various coupled mechanisms. For example, upon heating and boiling, CO2 exsolution from pore waters raises pH and causes calcite precipitation. In condensation zones, this CO2 redissolves, resulting in a decrease in pH that causes calcite dissolution and enhances feldspar alteration to clays. Heat also enhances dissolution of wall rock minerals leading to elevated silica concentrations. Amorphous silica precipitates through evaporative concentration caused by boiling in the high-temperature case, but does not precipitate in the low-temperature case. Some alteration of feldspars to clays and zeolites is predicted in the high-temperature case. In both cases, calcite precipitates when percolating waters are heated near the drift. The predicted porosity decrease around drifts in the high-temperature case (several percent of the fracture volume) is larger by at least one order of magnitude than in the low temperature case. Although there are important differences between the two investigated temperature modes in the predicted evolution of fluid compositions and mineral alteration around drifts, these differences are largely within to the model uncertainty and the variability of water compositions at Yucca Mountain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Mineral alteration
KW  - Nuclear waste
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Reactive transport
KW  - Water chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 9572744; Spycher, N.F.; Email Address: NSpycher@lbl.gov; Sonnenthal, E.L. 1; Apps, J.A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, University of California, MS 90-1116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p653; Thesaurus Term: Chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral alteration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00183-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9572744&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Yunwei
AU  - Buscheck, Thomas A.
T1  - Analytical solutions for reactive transport of N-member radionuclide chains in a single fracture
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 695
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Several numerical codes have been used to simulate radionuclide transport in fractured rock systems. The validation of such numerical codes can be accomplished by comparison of numerical simulations against appropriate analytical solutions. In this paper, we present analytical solutions for the reactive transport of N-member radionuclide chains (i.e., multiple species of radionuclides and their daughter species) through a discrete fracture in a porous rock matrix applying a system decomposition approach. We consider the transport of N-member radionuclide chains in a single-fracture–matrix system as a starting point to simulate more realistic and complex systems. The processes considered are advection along the fracture, lateral diffusion in the matrix, radioactive decay of multiple radionuclides, and adsorption in both the fracture and matrix. Different retardation factors can be specified for the fracture and matrix. However, all species are assumed to share the same retardation factors for the fracture and matrix, respectively. Although a daughter species may penetrate farther along the fracture than its parent species when a constant-concentration boundary condition is applied, our results indicate that all species retain the same transport speed in the fracture if a pulse of the first species is released into the fracture. This solution scheme provides a way to validate numerical computer codes of radionuclide transport in fractured rock, such as those being used to assess the performance of a potential nuclear-waste repository at Yucca Mountain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Species
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Analytical solution
KW  - Decay
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Multi-species
KW  - Radionuclide
KW  - Reactive transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9572747; Sun, Yunwei; Email Address: sun4@llnl.gov; Buscheck, Thomas A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-646, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p695; Thesaurus Term: Species; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical solution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-species; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00181-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Webb, Stephen W.
AU  - Francis, Nicholas D.
AU  - Dunn, Sandra Dalvit
AU  - Itamura, Michael T.
AU  - James, Darryl L.
T1  - Thermally induced natural convection effects in Yucca Mountain drifts
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 713
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Thermally induced natural convection from the heat produced by emplaced waste packages is an important heat and mass transfer mechanism within the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP) drifts. Various models for analyzing natural convection have been employed. The equivalent porous medium approach using Darcy''s law has been used in many YMP applications. However, this approach has questionable fidelity, especially for turbulent flow conditions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which is based on the fundamental Navier–Stokes equations, is currently being evaluated as a technique to calculate thermally induced natural convection in YMP. Data–model comparisons for turbulent flow conditions show good agreement of CFD predictions with existing experiments including YMP-specific data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Heat -- Convection, Natural
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics
KW  - Heat and mass transfer
KW  - Natural convection
KW  - Yucca Mountain Project (YMP)
N1  - Accession Number: 9572748; Webb, Stephen W. 1; Email Address: swwebb@sandia.gov; Francis, Nicholas D. 1; Email Address: ndfranc@sandia.gov; Dunn, Sandra Dalvit 2; Email Address: SDDunn@sf.seabase.com; Itamura, Michael T. 1; Email Address: mtitamu@sandia.gov; James, Darryl L. 3; Email Address: darryl@thermal.me.ttu.edu; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; 2: Science and Engineering Associates, Inc., Santa Fe, NM 87507, USA; 3: Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p713; Subject Term: Heat -- Convection, Natural; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat and mass transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain Project (YMP); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00180-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zyvoloski, George
AU  - Kwicklis, Edward
AU  - Eddebbarh, Al Aziz
AU  - Arnold, Bill
AU  - Faunt, Claudia
AU  - Robinson, Bruce A.
T1  - The site-scale saturated zone flow model for Yucca Mountain: calibration of different conceptual models and their impact on flow paths
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 62/63
M3  - Article
SP  - 731
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This paper presents several different conceptual models of the Large Hydraulic Gradient (LHG) region north of Yucca Mountain and describes the impact of those models on groundwater flow near the potential high-level repository site. The results are based on a numerical model of site-scale saturated zone beneath Yucca Mountain. This model is used for performance assessment predictions of radionuclide transport and to guide future data collection and modeling activities. The numerical model is calibrated by matching available water level measurements using parameter estimation techniques, along with more informal comparisons of the model to hydrologic and geochemical information. The model software (hydrologic simulation code FEHM and parameter estimation software PEST) and model setup allows for efficient calibration of multiple conceptual models. Until now, the Large Hydraulic Gradient has been simulated using a low-permeability, east–west oriented feature, even though direct evidence for this feature is lacking. In addition to this model, we investigate and calibrate three additional conceptual models of the Large Hydraulic Gradient, all of which are based on a presumed zone of hydrothermal chemical alteration north of Yucca Mountain. After examining the heads and permeabilities obtained from the calibrated models, we present particle pathways from the potential repository that record differences in the predicted groundwater flow regime. The results show that Large Hydraulic Gradient can be represented with the alternate conceptual models that include the hydrothermally altered zone. The predicted pathways are mildly sensitive to the choice of the conceptual model and more sensitive to the quality of calibration in the vicinity on the repository. These differences are most likely due to different degrees of fit of model to data, and do not represent important differences in hydrologic conditions for the different conceptual models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Parameter estimation
KW  - Saturated zone hydrology
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9572749; Zyvoloski, George 1; Email Address: gaz@lanl.gov; Kwicklis, Edward 1; Eddebbarh, Al Aziz 1; Arnold, Bill 2; Faunt, Claudia 3; Robinson, Bruce A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545,USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; 3: US Geological Survey, San Diego, CA, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 62/63, p731; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater flow; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parameter estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturated zone hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00190-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, D.K.
AU  - Finnegan, D.L.
AU  - Bowen, S.M.
T1  - An inventory of long-lived radionuclides residual from underground nuclear testing at the Nevada test site, 1951–1992
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - An inventory of long-lived radionuclides produced by 828 underground nuclear tests conducted at the Nevada test site (NTS) from 1951 to 1992 includes residual tritium, fission products, actinides, and activation products. Recently, the US Department of Energy approved the declassification of the NTS radionuclide inventory by principal geographic test centers. This permits unclassified publication of radionuclide totals for the Yucca Flat, Pahute Mesa—Area 19, Pahute Mesa—Area 20, Frenchman Flat, and Rainier Mesa/Shoshone Mountain testing locations. Activities are reported as of September 23, 1992, the date of the last underground nuclear test conducted at the NTS, and September 23, 2492, after 500 years of radioactive decay. The availability of these data affords an opportunity for the analysis of the radiologic source term within the boundaries of local hydrogeologic units and provides insight to where radionuclides are sited relative to potential exposure pathways. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Tritium
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Nevada test site
KW  - Nuclear testing
KW  - Radiologic source term
KW  - Radionuclide migration
N1  - Accession Number: 9306851; Smith, D.K. 1; Email Address: smith24@llnl.gov; Finnegan, D.L. 2; Bowen, S.M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, M/S L-231, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, M/S J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 67 Issue 1, p35; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Actinide elements; Subject Term: Tritium; Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nevada test site; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiologic source term; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclide migration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00146-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beyea, Steven D.
AU  - Altobelli, Stephen A.
AU  - Mondy, Lisa A.
T1  - Chemically selective NMR imaging of a 3-component (solid–solid–liquid) sedimenting system
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 161
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
SN  - 10907807
AB  - A novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique which resolves the separate components of the evolving vertical concentration profiles of 3-component non-colloidal suspensions is described. This method exploits the sensitivity of MRI to chemical differences between the three phases to directly image the fluid phase and one of the solid phases, with the third phase obtained by subtraction. <f>19F</f> spin–echo imaging of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) oil was interlaced with <f>1H</f> SPRITE imaging of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) particles. The third phase was comprised of borosilicate glass spheres, which were not visible while imaging the PTFE or LDPE phases. The method is demonstrated by performing measurements on 2-phase materials containing only the floating (LDPE) particles, with the results contrasted to the experimental behaviour of the individual phases in the full 3-phase system. All experiments were performed using nearly monodisperse particles, with initial suspension volume fractions, <f>φi</f>, of 0.1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - MRI
KW  - Multi-phase
KW  - Sedimentation
KW  - SPRITE
N1  - Accession Number: 9547402; Beyea, Steven D. 1 Altobelli, Stephen A. 1; Email Address: salto@nmr.org Mondy, Lisa A. 2; Affiliation:  1: New Mexico Resonance, 2301 Yale Blvd. SE, Suite C-1, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 161 Issue 2, p198; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sedimentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPRITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(02)00172-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Withrow, S.P.
AU  - White, C.W.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
AU  - Sorge, K.D.
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Kalyanaraman, R.
T1  - Ion beam synthesis of magnetic Co–Pt alloys in Al2O3
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 260
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Ion implantation followed by thermal processing has been used to synthesize nanoparticles of cobalt–platinum (Co–Pt) alloys in single-crystal Al2O3. Several phases, including CoPt in the L10 structure, Co3Pt, and CoPt3 that has the L12 structure, are selectively formed by varying the atomic ratio of implanted Co and Pt. These alloys are crystallographically oriented with respect to the host Al2O3 matrix, exhibiting multiple distinct orientations. Rutherford backscattering and X-ray diffraction have been used to study the influence of the processing conditions, including temperature and dose, on the formation of the alloys. The degree of chemical ordering in the L10 and L12 phases is not high and it is not improved significantly with long annealing times. Magnetization studies have been conducted using a SQUID magnetometer. Coercivities as high as 14.2 kOe (9.7 kOe) at 5 K with the field normal (parallel) to the surface have been measured, and they remain significant at room temperature and above. The coercivity is a function of the Pt fraction in the alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - COBALT alloys
KW  - Co–Pt alloys
KW  - Co3Pt
KW  - CoPt
KW  - CoPt3
KW  - Ion implantation synthesis
KW  - Nanocrystalline magnetic materials
N1  - Accession Number: 10009778; Withrow, S.P. 1; Email Address: withrowsp@ornl.gov White, C.W. 1 Budai, J.D. 1 Boatner, L.A. 1 Sorge, K.D. 1 Thompson, J.R. 1,2 Kalyanaraman, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA  3: Washington University, St. Louis, MI, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 260 Issue 3, p319; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: COBALT alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Co–Pt alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Co3Pt; Author-Supplied Keyword: CoPt; Author-Supplied Keyword: CoPt3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline magnetic materials; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)01322-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manson, J.L.
AU  - Chapon, L.C.
AU  - Bordallo, H.N.
AU  - Feyerherm, R.
AU  - Argyriou, D.N.
AU  - Loose, A.
T1  - Spin ordering in the mixed-ligand antiferromagnet Mn(dca)2(pyrazine)
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 260
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 462
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The flexibility offered by molecular-based systems allows us to introduce or replace specific ligands in a material with the aim of radically altering desired structural and magnetic properties. Specifically, Mn(dca)2(pyz) {dca = dicyanamide, [N(CN)2]−; pyz = pyrazine} has a unique interpenetrating ReO3-like lattice. The Mn2+ cations are high-spin (<f>S=<NU>5</NU>/2</f>) and the material orders antiferromagnetically below TN = 2.53(2) K. Using neutron powder diffraction we observed a collinear spin structure oriented along the short ac-diagonal of the monoclinic unit cell. Inelastic neutron scattering results show a magnetic excitation at 0.23 meV. The strong dispersion character of this excitation demonstrates that it is related to a low-energy spin wave. Upon warming, the magnon gradually softens and disappears at TN, while critical scattering becomes evident by a broad quasielastic response above TN. The energy of the magnon is consistent with the exchange parameter, J, derived from magnetic susceptibility measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - Antiferromagnetism
KW  - Coordination polymers
KW  - Inelastic neutron scattering
KW  - Molecular magnetism
KW  - Neutron diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 10009798; Manson, J.L. 1; Email Address: mansonjl@ornl.gov Chapon, L.C. 1,2 Bordallo, H.N. 2,3 Feyerherm, R. 2 Argyriou, D.N. 1,2 Loose, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Hahn-Meitner Institute and Berlin Neutron Scattering Center, Berlin, 14109, Germany  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 260 Issue 3, p462; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coordination polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)01390-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Lee, B. I.
AU  - Hu, M. Z.
AU  - Payzant, E. A.
AU  - Blom, D. A.
T1  - Synthesis of nanocrystalline BaTiO3 by solvent refluxing method.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science Letters
JF  - Journal of Materials Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 557
EP  - 559
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 02618028
AB  - Focuses on the use of barium titanate in multilayer ceramic capacitors. Reduction of component size and layer thickness; Advantages of barium titanate over micrometer sized ones; Production of nanosized barium titanate powders with narrow particle size distribution.
KW  - BARIUM compounds
KW  - CERAMIC capacitors
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - MICROMETERS (Instruments)
KW  - CRYSTALLINE polymers
KW  - SPHENE
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 16693413; Wang, X. 1 Lee, B. I. 1 Hu, M. Z. 2; Email Address: HUM1@ornl.gov Payzant, E. A. 2 Blom, D. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 22 Issue 7, p557; Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; Subject Term: CERAMIC capacitors; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: MICROMETERS (Instruments); Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE polymers; Subject Term: SPHENE; Subject Term: POLYMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332210 Cutlery and hand tool manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332216 Saw Blade and Handtool Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fadeev, A.G.
AU  - Kelley, S.S.
AU  - McMillan, J.D.
AU  - Selinskaya, Ya.A.
AU  - Khotimsky, V.S.
AU  - Volkov, V.V.
T1  - Effect of yeast fermentation by-products on poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] pervaporative performance
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 214
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 03767388
AB  - The pervaporation recovery of ethanol from yeast fermentation broth was investigated using poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne]. The deterioration of membrane performance in the presence of fermentation broth was observed. The fouled membrane was characterized by gas permeation and density measurements, and sorption of pure components of the fermentation broth in PTMSP was studied to clarify the fouling mechanism. It was concluded that properties of the membrane deteriorate due to internal contamination of the PTMSP free volume with non-volatile by-products of the fermentation. The PTMSP film did not show appreciable deterioration of membrane properties in the pervaporation of aqueous solution of organic compounds with high volatility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMENTATION
KW  - YEAST
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - Fermentation
KW  - Fouling
KW  - Pervaporation
KW  - Poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne]
N1  - Accession Number: 9288971; Fadeev, A.G. 1; Email Address: fadeev@sfst.net Kelley, S.S. 2 McMillan, J.D. 2 Selinskaya, Ya.A. 1 Khotimsky, V.S. 1 Volkov, V.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, 29 Leninsky Pr, 117912, Moscow, Russia  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 214 Issue 2, p229; Subject Term: FERMENTATION; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fouling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pervaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne]; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00550-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barber, Jeffrey
AU  - Masiello, Tony
AU  - Chrysostom, Engelene t.H.
AU  - Nibler, Joseph W.
AU  - Maki, Arthur
AU  - Weber, Alfons
AU  - Blake, Thomas A.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
T1  - High resolution infrared studies of the <f>ν2,ν4</f> bands of <f>34S16O3</f>, including both intensity and wavenumber perturbations
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 218
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00222852
AB  - The infrared spectrum of the <f>ν2,ν4</f> bending mode region of <f>34S</f>-substituted sulfur trioxide, <f>34S16O3</f>, has been recorded at a resolution of <f>0.0025 cm−1</f>. The <f>ν2</f> and <f>ν4</f> levels are coupled by a Coriolis interaction, yielding significant spectral shifts that have been successfully analyzed to obtain rovibrational constants for the ground state and both fundamentals. Comparisons are made with <f>32S16O3</f> parameters and the <f>B0</f> rotational constant is found to be 0.348 556 03(28)<f> cm−1</f>, only very slightly larger than the corresponding value of 0.348 543 33(5) <f>cm−1</f> for <f>32S16O3</f>. Coriolis and l-type resonance interactions between the <f>ν2</f> and <f>ν4</f> levels produce frequency shifts and strong intensity perturbations in the spectra that are considered for both <f>34S16O3</f> and <f>32S16O3</f>. The resulting analysis yields an average value of <f>±0.62(8)</f> for the dipole derivative ratio <f>(∂μx/∂Q4x)/(∂μz/∂Q2)</f> and a positive sign for the product of this ratio with the <f>ζy2,4</f> Coriolis constant, for which experiment gives <f>±0.5940(15)</f>. Ab initio calculations indicate that the signs of <f>∂μx/∂Q4x</f> and <f>∂μz/∂Q2</f> are both positive and hence <f>ζy2,4</f> is also positive, in agreement with earlier calculations. These signs indicate that the effective charge movement in the xz plane has the same sense of rotation as <f>Q2,Q4x</f> atom motion in this plane that produces a <f>py</f> vibrational angular momentum component, correlated motion that is confirmed by ab initio calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Spectrum
KW  - Sulfur trioxide
KW  - Sulfur-34
N1  - Accession Number: 9547420; Barber, Jeffrey 1 Masiello, Tony 1 Chrysostom, Engelene t.H. 1 Nibler, Joseph W. 1; Email Address: Niblerj@chem.orst.edu Maki, Arthur 2 Weber, Alfons 3,4 Blake, Thomas A. 5 Sams, Robert L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-4003, USA  2: 15012 24th Ave. S. E., Mill Creek, WA 98012, USA  3: National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USA  4: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  5: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 218 Issue 2, p197; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: SULFUR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur trioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur-34; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2852(02)00051-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barber, Jeffrey
AU  - Chrysostom, Engelene t.H.
AU  - Masiello, Tony
AU  - Nibler, Joseph W.
AU  - Maki, Arthur
AU  - Weber, Alfons
AU  - Blake, Thomas A.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
T1  - Analysis of the <f>ν2</f>, <f>ν4</f> infrared hot bands and <f>ν1</f> CARS spectrum of <f>34S16O3</f>
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 218
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 00222852
AB  - High-resolution (0.0015 <f>cm−1</f>) infrared spectroscopy has been used to study the <f>34S16O3</f> IR-active hot bands originating from the <f>ν2</f> and <f>ν4</f> bending mode levels and terminating in the states <f>2ν2 (l=0)</f>, <f>ν2+ν4 (l=±1)</f>, and <f>2ν4 (l=0,±2)</f>. The upper states are strongly coupled via Fermi resonance and indirect Coriolis interactions to the <f>ν1</f> symmetric stretching mode levels that are only directly accessible from the ground state via a Raman-active transition. A Coherent anti-Stokes Raman (CARS) spectrum of <f>ν1</f> for <f>34S16O3</f> is presented which is dramatically different from the corresponding one for <f>32S16O3</f>. From the infrared transitions, accurate rovibrational constants are deduced for all the mixed states, leading to deperturbed values for <f>ν1</f>, <f>α1B</f>, and <f>α1C</f> of 1064.920(84), 0.000 834 5(54), and 0.000 410 (11) <f>cm−1</f>, respectively. The uncertainties in the last digits are shown in parentheses and represent two standard deviations. These parameters reproduce the unresolved Q-branch contour of the CARS spectrum very well. Various other rotational and vibrational parameters have been determined, leading to values of <f>Be=0.349</f> 760 6(33) <f>cm−1</f> and <f>re=141.734</f> 70(68) pm, values that are identical (within experimental error) to those found for <f>32S16O3</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - CARS
KW  - Coherent Raman
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Spectrum
KW  - Sulfur trioxide
KW  - Sulfur-34
N1  - Accession Number: 9547421; Barber, Jeffrey 1 Chrysostom, Engelene t.H. 1 Masiello, Tony 1 Nibler, Joseph W. 1; Email Address: Niblerj@chem.orst.edu Maki, Arthur 2 Weber, Alfons 3,4 Blake, Thomas A. 5 Sams, Robert L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-4003, USA  2: 15012 24th Ave. S. E., Mill Creek, WA 98012, USA  3: National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USA  4: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  5: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 218 Issue 2, p204; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: CARS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur trioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur-34; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00035-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, D.J.
AU  - Simonen, E.P.
AU  - Bruemmer, S.M.
T1  - Evolution of fine-scale defects in stainless steels neutron-irradiated at 275 °C
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Six austenitic stainless steel heats (three heats each of 304SS and 316SS) neutron-irradiated at 275 °C from 0.6 to 13.3 dpa have been carefully characterized by TEM and their hardness measured as a function of dose. The characterization revealed that the microstructure is dominated by a very high density of small Frank loops present in sizes as small as 1 nm and perhaps lower, which could be of both vacancy and interstitial-type. Frank loop density saturated at the lowest doses characterized, whereas the Frank loop size distributions changed with increasing dose from an initially narrow, symmetric shape to a broader, asymmetric shape. Although substantial hardening is caused by the small defects, a simple correlation between hardness changes and density and size of defects does not exist. These results indicate that radiation-induced segregation to the Frank loops could play a role in both defect evolution and hardening response. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - HEAT
N1  - Accession Number: 9192229; Edwards, D.J.; Email Address: dan.edwards@pnl.gov Simonen, E.P. 1 Bruemmer, S.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Materials Interfaces and Characterization Group, Structural Materials Development, MSIN P8-15 Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: HEAT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00002-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, D.J.
AU  - Simonen, E.P.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
AU  - Greenwood, L.R.
AU  - Oliver, B.M.
AU  - Bruemmer, S.M.
T1  - Influence of irradiation temperature and dose gradients on the microstructural evolution in neutron-irradiated 316SS
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 317
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 32
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A cold worked 316SS baffle bolt was extracted from the Tihange pressurized water reactor and sectioned at three different positions. The temperature and dose at the 1-mm bolt head position were 593 K and 19.5 dpa respectively, whereas at two shank positions the temperature and dose was 616 K and 12.2 dpa at the 25-mm position and 606 K and 7.5 dpa at the 55-mm position. Microstructural characterization revealed that small faulted dislocation loops and cavities were visible at each position, but the cavities were most prominent at the two shank positions. Measurable swelling exists in the shank portions of this particular bolt, and accompanying this swelling is the retention of very high levels of hydrogen absorbed from the environment. The observation of cavities in the CW 316SS at temperatures and doses relevant to LWR conditions has important implications for pressurized water reactors since SA 304SS plates surround the bolts, a steel that usually swells earlier due to its lower incubation period for swelling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRESSURIZED water reactors
KW  - SOLID fuel reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 9192230; Edwards, D.J.; Email Address: dan.edwards@pnl.gov Simonen, E.P. 1 Garner, F.A. 1 Greenwood, L.R. 1 Oliver, B.M. 1 Bruemmer, S.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Interfaces and Characterization Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Structural Materials Development, MSIN P8-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1, p32; Subject Term: PRESSURIZED water reactors; Subject Term: SOLID fuel reactors; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00003-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - No, Jaechun
AU  - Thakur, Rajeev
AU  - Choudhary, Alok
T1  - High-performance scientific data management system
JO  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
JF  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 63
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 434
SN  - 07437315
AB  - Many scientific applications have large I/O requirements, in terms of both the size of data and the number of files or data sets. Management, storage, efficient access, and analysis of this data present an extremely challenging task. Traditionally, two different solutions have been used for this task: file I/O or databases. File I/O can provide high performance but is tedious to use with large numbers of files and large and complex data sets. Databases can be convenient, flexible, and powerful but do not perform and scale well for parallel supercomputing applications. We have developed a software system, called Scientific Data Manager (SDM), that combines the good features of both file I/O and databases. SDM provides a high-level application programming interface to the user and, internally, uses a parallel file system to store real data (using various I/O optimizations available in MPI-IO) and a database to store application-related metadata. In order to support I/O in irregular applications, SDM makes extensive use of MPI-IO''s noncontiguous collective I/O functions. Moreover, SDM uses the concept of a history file to optimize the cost of the index distribution using the metadata stored in database. We describe the design and implementation of SDM and present performance results with two regular applications, ASTRO3D and an Euler solver, and with two irregular applications, a CFD code called FUN3D and a Rayleigh–Taylor instability code. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METADATA
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - Database
KW  - Metadata
KW  - MPI-IO
KW  - Parallel I/O
KW  - Scientific data management
N1  - Accession Number: 10007234; No, Jaechun 1 Thakur, Rajeev 2; Email Address: thakur@mcs.anl.gov Choudhary, Alok 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Software Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne (Lemont), IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 63 Issue 4, p434; Subject Term: METADATA; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Author-Supplied Keyword: Database; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metadata; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPI-IO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel I/O; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scientific data management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0743-7315(03)00036-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregg
AU  - B. A.
AU  - Chen
AU  - S.-G.
AU  - Ferrere
AU  - S.
T1  - Enhanced Dye-Sensitized Photoconversion Efficiency via Reversible Production of UV-Induced Surface States in Nanoporous TiO2.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 107
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3019
EP  - 3029
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Brief UV illumination of dye-sensitized solar cells can result in a remarkable increase in their photoconversion efficiency (Ferrere, S; Gregg, B. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 7602). Further investigation of this phenomenon reveals that a major effect of UV illumination is to reversibly create a high concentration of photoactive surface states continuously distributed below the conduction bandedge in the nanoporous TiO2 films. The ability to create, and then eliminate, surface states allows, for the first time, a clear assessment of the influence of these states on the dye-sensitization process. Positive conduction bandedge (mobility edge) shifts apparently also result from UV illumination, and the difficulties in quantifying such shifts in functioning cells are discussed. We conclude that the major cause of the increased efficiency is the photoproduction of surface states that may improve photoinjection and carrier transport while possibly slowing the recombination rate. The creation of these surface states is strongly inhibited by the presence in the electrolyte solution of the Li+ ion, which is known to specifically adsorb to TiO2 surfaces. We present an in-depth characterization of the UV-induced changes in the dye-sensitized solar cell through comparisons of otherwise identical cells in LiI-containing solution and in tetrabutylammonium iodide-containing solution, before and after UV illumination. The “UV effect” is also observed in hydroquinone/benzoquinone solution; thus, it is not dependent on the presence of the I-/I2 redox couple. Although surface states are usually deleterious for planar semiconductor electrodes, we show that a high density of surface states may be beneficial for the photoconversion process in nanoporous solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - ELECTROLYTE solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 18432757; Gregg B. A. 1 Chen S.-G. 1 Ferrere S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 13, p3019; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTE solutions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kassianov, Evgueni
T1  - Stochastic radiative transfer in multilayer broken clouds. Part I: Markovian approach
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
SN  - 00224073
AB  - A two-part paper describes the statistical treatment of solar radiative transfer in multilayer broken clouds. The proposed approach is a logical development of the statistical ones originally suggested for a single-layer broken clouds. This first part introduces a new statistically inhomogeneous Markovian model that allows one to properly account for different combinations of the random and maximum overlap of broken clouds at distinct vertical layers. The statistically inhomogeneous Markovian model and the stochastic radiative transfer equation have been used to derive equations for the mean radiance of solar radiation. It was demonstrated that in extreme cases the obtained equations agree with corresponding equations previously derived for (i) the statistically homogeneous broken clouds and (ii) the vertically inhomogeneous overcast clouds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - CLOUDS
N1  - Accession Number: 8996556; Kassianov, Evgueni 1; Email Address: evgueni.kassianov@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 77 Issue 4, p373; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kassianov, Evgueni
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas
AU  - Marchand, Roger
AU  - Ovtchinnikov, Mikhail
T1  - Stochastic radiative transfer in multilayer broken clouds. Part II: validation tests
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
SN  - 00224073
AB  - In the second part of our two-part paper, we estimated the accuracy and robustness of the approximated equations for the mean radiance that were derived in Part I. In our analysis we used the three-dimensional (3D) cloud fields provided by (i) the stochastic Boolean model, (ii) large-eddy simulation model and (iii) satellite cloud retrieval. The accuracy of the obtained equations was evaluated by comparing the ensemble-averaged radiative properties that were obtained by the numerical averaging method (reference) and the analytical averaging method (approximation). The robustness of these equations was estimated by comparing the domain-averaged radiative properties obtained by using (i) the full 3D cloud structure (reference) and (ii) the bulk cloud statistics (approximation). It was shown that the approximated equations could provide reasonable accuracy <f>(∼15%)</f> for both the ensemble- and domain-averaged radiative properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - Overlapping broken clouds
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Stochastic approach
N1  - Accession Number: 8996557; Kassianov, Evgueni; Email Address: evgueni.kassianov@pnl.gov Ackerman, Thomas 1 Marchand, Roger 1 Ovtchinnikov, Mikhail 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 77 Issue 4, p395; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overlapping broken clouds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic approach; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00171-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rai, D.
AU  - Felmy, A. R.
AU  - Yui, M.
T1  - Thermodynamic model for the solubility of NdPO4(c) in the aqueous Na+-H+-H2PO4–HPO42–OH–Cl–H2O system.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 256
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 43
SN  - 02365731
AB  - The solubility of NdPO4(c) was studied at 23±2 °C from both the over and undersaturation directions, with pH ranging from 0 to 9, P concentrations ranging from 0.0003 to 1.00M, and equilibration periods ranging from 6 to 57 days. Equilibrium was reached in <6 days. From the H+, Nd, and P concentrations in equilibrated solutions, the logarithm of the thermodynamic equilibrium constant for the reaction (NdPO4(c) &2lrarr; Nd3++PO43-) was calculated to be -24.65±0.23 and the value of the Pitzer ion-interaction parameter β(2) for Nd3+-H2PO4- was determined to be -92.9. Predictions based on these thermodynamic quantities were in excellent agreement with the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - SOLUBILITY
KW  - CHEMICAL equilibrium
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - NUCLEAR chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15194441; Rai, D. 1; Email Address: dhan.rai@pnl.gov Felmy, A. R. 1 Yui, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute Tokai Works, Japan; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 256 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: SOLUBILITY; Subject Term: CHEMICAL equilibrium; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prodjosantoso, A.K.
AU  - Kennedy, B.J.
AU  - Vogt, T.
AU  - Woodward, P.M.
T1  - Cation and anion ordering in the layered oxyfluorides Sr3−xAxAlO4F (A=Ba, Ca)
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 172
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The synthesis and structural characterization of mixed oxyfluorides of the type Sr3−xAxAlO4F is reported, where A is either calcium or barium. In these compounds the fluoride and oxide ions are ordered onto two distinct crystallographic sites. There is also an ordering of the alkaline earth cations over two crystallographic sites upon substitution of Ba2+ or Ca2+ for Sr2+. The solid solubility limits extend to x∼1 for substitution of both barium and calcium, but the larger Ba2+ cations show a strong site preference for the ten-coordinate strontium sites, while the smaller Ca2+ cations prefer the eight-coordinate strontium sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - BARIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 9714405; Prodjosantoso, A.K. 1,2 Kennedy, B.J. 1; Email Address: kennedyb@chem.usyd.edu.au Vogt, T. 3 Woodward, P.M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Centre for Heavy Metals Research, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia  2: Jurusan Kimia, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta DIY 55281, Indonesia  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973-5000, USA  4: Chemistry Department, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1185, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 172 Issue 1, p89; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: BARIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00128-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Wilson, Greg
T1  - Tides of change: is Bayesianism the new paradigm in statistics?
JO  - Journal of Statistical Planning & Inference
JF  - Journal of Statistical Planning & Inference
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 113
IS  - 1
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 371
SN  - 03783758
AB  - For the last 50 years Bayesians and frequentists have disputed the appropriate way to do statistics. Bayesian methods have grown in popularity and acceptance, but how is the conflict between Bayesians and frequentists likely to play out in the future? This article uses theories advanced by Thomas Kuhn and Lawrence Grossberg to offer a framework for understanding possible futures and to pose questions about the future of the field of statistics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Statistical Planning & Inference is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - Bayesian
KW  - Frequentist
KW  - Paradigm
N1  - Accession Number: 9010017; Wilson, Greg 1; Email Address: gdwilson@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Statistical Sciences Group, Decision Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM MS F600, 87544, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 113 Issue 1, p371; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequentist; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paradigm; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leif Hanson, B.
AU  - Schall, Constance A.
AU  - Bunick, Gerard J.
T1  - New techniques in macromolecular cryocrystallography: macromolecular crystal annealing and cryogenic helium
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 142
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 10478477
AB  - Cryocrystallography is used today for almost all X-ray diffraction data collection at synchrotron beam lines, with rotating-anode generators, and micro X-ray sources. Despite the widespread use of flash-cooling to place macromolecular crystals in the cryogenic state, its use can ruin crystals, trips to the synchrotron, and sometimes even an entire project. Annealing of macromolecular crystals takes little time, requires no specialized equipment, and can save crystallographic projects that might otherwise end in failure. Annealing should be tried whenever initial flash-cooling causes an unacceptable increase in mosaicity, results in ice rings, fails to provide adequate diffraction quality, or causes a crystal to be positioned awkwardly. Overall, annealing improves the quality of data and overall success rate at synchrotron beam lines. Its use should be considered whenever problems arise with a flash-cooled crystal. Helium is a more efficient cryogen than nitrogen and will deliver lower temperatures. Experiments suggest that when crystals are cooled with He rather than <f>N2</f>, crystals maintain order and high-resolution data are less affected by increased radiation load. Individually or in combination, these two techniques can enhance the success of crystallographic data collection, and their use should be considered essential for high-throughput programs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Cryocrystallography
KW  - Helium
N1  - Accession Number: 9547454; Leif Hanson, B. 1 Schall, Constance A. 2 Bunick, Gerard J. 1,3; Email Address: vvr@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: The University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2009, MS 8080, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8080, USA  2: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, MS 8080, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8080, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 142 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: HELIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryocrystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1047-8477(03)00040-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rupp, Bernhard
T1  - Maximum-likelihood crystallization
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 142
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
SN  - 10478477
AB  - The crystallization facility of the TB Structural Genomics Consortium, one of nine NIH-sponsored structural genomics pilot projects, employs a combinatorial random sampling technique in high-throughput crystallization screening. Although data are still sparse and a comprehensive analysis cannot be performed at this stage, preliminary results appear to validate the random-screening concept. A discussion of statistical crystallization data analysis aims to draw attention to the need for comprehensive and valid sampling protocols. In view of limited overlap in techniques and sampling parameters between the publicly funded high-throughput crystallography initiatives, exchange of information should be encouraged, aiming to effectively integrate data mining efforts into a comprehensive predictive framework for protein crystallization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - Crystallization screening
KW  - High-throughput crystallization
KW  - Predictive models
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Structural genomics
N1  - Accession Number: 9547461; Rupp, Bernhard 1; Email Address: br@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Macromolecular Crystallography and TB Structural Genomics Consortium, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 142 Issue 1, p162; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization screening; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-throughput crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Predictive models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural genomics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1047-8477(03)00047-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yonker, Clement R.
AU  - Fulton, John L.
AU  - Phelps, Max R.
AU  - Bowman, Larry E.
T1  - Membrane separations using reverse micelles in nearcritical and supercritical fluid solvents
JO  - Journal of Supercritical Fluids
JF  - Journal of Supercritical Fluids
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 08968446
AB  - The use of reverse micelles coupled with ultrafiltration membranes for the separation of macromolecules dissolved in the cores of the reverse micelles using nearcritical and supercritical fluid solvents is described. This methodology allows one to address the separation of a wide range of polar molecules greatly extending the type of molecules that can be separated using only pure supercritical fluids. The solutes to be separated are initially dissolved in the reverse micellar solution and introduce into the pressure vessel containing the membrane. The surfactant and water core are passed through the membrane while the macromolecule selectivity is based on size and molecular weight. The ability for continuous recycle in an extraction system is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Supercritical Fluids is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEMBRANE separation
KW  - REVERSED micelles
KW  - Membrane
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Separation
KW  - Supercritical
N1  - Accession Number: 9193398; Yonker, Clement R. 1; Email Address: clem.yonker@pnl.gov Fulton, John L. 1 Phelps, Max R. 2 Bowman, Larry E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p225; Subject Term: MEMBRANE separation; Subject Term: REVERSED micelles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercritical; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0896-8446(02)00098-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flora, Joseph R. V.
AU  - Hargis, Richard A.
AU  - O.Dowd, William J.
AU  - Pennline, Henry W.
AU  - Vidic, Radisav D.
T1  - Modeling Sorbent Injection for Mercury Control in Baghouse Filters: I -- Model Development and Sensitivity Analysis.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Analyzes modeling sorbent injection for mercury control in baghouse filters. Inference on mercury removal from the gas phase derived from the two-stage mathematical model; Comments on mercury removal based on sensitivity analysis of the model; Benefits related to operating strategies offered by the mathematical model.
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Filters & filtration
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Gases
KW  - Injection molding of metals
KW  - Mathematics
N1  - Accession Number: 12479593; Flora, Joseph R. V. 1; Hargis, Richard A. 2; O.Dowd, William J. 2; Pennline, Henry W. 2; Vidic, Radisav D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.; 2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p1; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Filters & filtration; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Gases; Subject Term: Injection molding of metals; Subject Term: Mathematics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flora, Joseph R. V.
AU  - Hargis, Richard A.
AU  - O'Dowd, William J.
AU  - Pennline, Henry W.
AU  - Vidic, Radisav D.
T1  - Modelling Sorbent Injection for Mercury Control in Baghouse Filters: II -- Pilot-Scale and Model Evaluation.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Analyzes modeling sorbent injection for mercury control in baghouse filters. Inference on mercury removal made by pilot scale tests conducted on a coal-fired furnace; Factors affecting the efficiency of mercury removal in the duct of the furnace; Benefits of the mathematical model explained in this article.
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Filters & filtration
KW  - Furnaces
KW  - Coal
KW  - Mathematical models
N1  - Accession Number: 12479594; Flora, Joseph R. V. 1; Hargis, Richard A. 2; O'Dowd, William J. 2; Pennline, Henry W. 2; Vidic, Radisav D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.; 2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p1; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Filters & filtration; Thesaurus Term: Furnaces; Thesaurus Term: Coal; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423720 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flora, Joseph R. V.
AU  - Hargis, Richard A.
AU  - O'Dowd, William J.
AU  - Pennline, Henry W.
AU  - Vidic, Radisav D.
T1  - Modelling Sorbent Injection for Mercury Control in Baghouse Filters: II -- Pilot-Scale and Model Evaluation.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Analyzes modeling sorbent injection for mercury control in baghouse filters. Inference on mercury removal made by pilot scale tests conducted on a coal-fired furnace; Factors affecting the efficiency of mercury removal in the duct of the furnace; Benefits of the mathematical model explained in this article.
KW  - SORBENTS
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - FILTERS & filtration
KW  - FURNACES
KW  - COAL
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
N1  - Accession Number: 12479594; Flora, Joseph R. V. 1 Hargis, Richard A. 2 O'Dowd, William J. 2 Pennline, Henry W. 2 Vidic, Radisav D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p1; Subject Term: SORBENTS; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: FILTERS & filtration; Subject Term: FURNACES; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423720 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luong, Elise T.
AU  - Houk, R.S.
T1  - Determination of carbon isotope ratios in amino acids, proteins, and oligosaccharides by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Carbon isotope ratios (12C/13C) are measured for aqueous solutions of tryptophan, myoglobin, and β-cyclodextrin using C+ ions from an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and a prototype twin quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS). 13C/12C ratios can be determined with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of ∼1%. This precision is close to the limiting value predicted by counting statistics (1.16%). Spectral interference on 13C+, presumably from 12C1H+, comes from the incomplete dissociation of myoglobin and/or β-cyclodextrin, but not tryptophan. Decreasing the aerosol gas flow rate slightly from that which yields maximum signal eliminates this 12C1H+ interference. The count rate of the minor isotope (13C+) can be artificially enhanced by increasing the voltage of the 13C+ detector, and/or by shifting the ion beam splitter offset from the central axis. Instrumental modifications to the MS that improve the sensitivity are also described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 9446203; Luong, Elise T. 1 Houk, R.S. 1; Email Address: rshouk@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Ames Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p295; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00003-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fagerquist, Clifton K.
AU  - Hudgins, Robert R.
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
AU  - Håkansson, Kristina
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - An antibiotic linked to peptides and proteins is released by electron capture dissociation fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 302
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Desfuroylceftiofur (DFC) is a bioactive β-lactam antibiotic metabolite that has a free thiol group. Previous experiments have shown release of DFC from plasma extracts after addition of a disulfide reducing agent, suggesting that DFC may be bound to plasma and tissue proteins through disulfide bonds. We have reacted DFC with [Arg8]-vasopressin (which has one disulfide bond) and bovine insulin (which has three disulfide bonds) and analyzed the reaction products by use of electron capture dissociation Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ECD FT-ICR MS), which has previously shown preferential cleavage of disulfide bonds. We observe cleavage of DFC from vasopressin and insulin during ECD, suggesting that DFC is indeed bound to peptides and proteins through disulfide bonds. Specifically, we observed dissociative loss of one, as well as two, DFC species during ECD of [vasopressin + 2(DFC-H) + 2H]2+ from a single electron capture event. Loss of two DFCs could arise from either consecutive or simultaneous loss, but in any case implies a gas phase disulfide exchange step. ECD of [insulin + DFC + 4H]4+ shows preferential dissociative loss of DFC. Combined with HPLC, ECD FT-ICR-MS may be an efficient screening method for detection of drug-biomolecule binding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - PEPTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 9446204; Fagerquist, Clifton K. 1; Email Address: kfagerquist@arserrc.gov Hudgins, Robert R. 2 Emmett, Mark R. 2 Håkansson, Kristina 2 Marshall, Alan G. 2; Affiliation:  1: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p302; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00063-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9446204&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zacharopoulos, N.
AU  - Srolovitz, D.J.
AU  - LeSar, R.
T1  - Discrete dislocation simulations of the development of a continuum plastic zone ahead of a stationary Mode III crack
JO  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
JF  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 695
SN  - 00225096
AB  - We present results from discrete dislocation simulations showing the development of the plastic zone in front of a Mode III crack under constant load. We find that the equilibrated zone is circular, in agreement with continuum mechanics predictions of the elastic-perfectly plastic Mode III crack. The size of the equilibrated zone scales as the square of the applied load <f>(KIII)</f>, also in agreement with the continuum results. The zone approaches saturation exponentially, with a time that scales as <f>KIII2/σp3</f>, where <f>σp</f> is the Peierls stress. These results delineate conditions under which the classical, continuum predictions of elastic–plastic fracture mechanics are applicable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Dynamic phenomena
KW  - Fracture and fracture toughness
KW  - Mechanical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 9007907; Zacharopoulos, N. 1 Srolovitz, D.J. 2 LeSar, R. 3; Email Address: lesar@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  2: Princeton Materials Institute & Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-12, MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p695; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture and fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-5096(02)00099-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - W.
AU  - Han
AU  - J. J.
AU  - L.-Q.
AU  - Li
AU  - L.-S.
AU  - Shaw
AU  - W. J.
AU  - A. D. Q.
T1  - Dynamic π-π Stacked Molecular Assemblies Emit from Green to Red Colors.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
EP  - 458
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We present a dynamic molecular self-assembly system, driven mostly by π-π molecular orbital interactions. The formation of such self-organized dynamic systems is characterized with absorption, fluorescence, and NMR spectroscopies as well as dynamic light scattering. Our results demonstrate that proper design of molecules can promote self-organization in solution. As a result, we observed distinct red, orange, yellow, and green photoluminescence from different initial concentrations while exciting the system at the same wavelength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
N1  - Accession Number: 12004636; Wang W. 1 Han J. J. 1 L.-Q. 1 Li L.-S. 1 Shaw W. J. 1 A. D. Q. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p455; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang
AU  - W.
AU  - Fernando
AU  - S.
AU  - Allard
AU  - L. F.
AU  - Sun
AU  - Y.-P.
T1  - Solubilization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Diamine-Terminated Oligomeric Poly(ethylene Glycol) in Different Functionalization Reactions.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
EP  - 568
SN  - 15306984
AB  - A comparative study is reported on the solubilization of as-prepared and purified single-walled carbon nanotubes with diamine-terminated oligomeric poly(ethylene glycol) in different functionalization reactions under various conditions. The soluble nanotube samples were characterized by using spectroscopic, microscopic, and gravimetric techniques. The results were used in the evaluation of the functionalization reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - POLYETHYLENE glycol
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 12004660; Huang W. 1 Fernando S. 1 Allard L. F. 1 Sun Y.-P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films, Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, and High-Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6062; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p565; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE glycol; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cantú-Paz, Erick
AU  - Kamath, Chandrika
T1  - Evolving neural networks to identify bent-double galaxies in the FIRST survey
JO  - Neural Networks
JF  - Neural Networks
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
SN  - 08936080
AB  - The FIRST (Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm) survey is an ambitious project scheduled to cover 10,000 square degrees of the northern and southern galactic caps. Until recently, astronomers associated with FIRST identified radio-emitting galaxies with a bent-double morphology through a visual inspection of images. Besides being subjective, prone to error and tedious, this manual approach is becoming increasingly infeasible: upon completion, FIRST will include almost a million galaxies. This paper describes the application of six methods of evolving neural networks (NNs) with genetic algorithms (GAs) to the identification of bent-double galaxies. The objective is to demonstrate that GAs can successfully address some common problems in the application of NNs to classification problems, such as training the networks, choosing appropriate network topologies, and selecting relevant features. We measured the overall accuracy of the networks using the arithmetic and geometric means of the accuracies on bent and non-bent galaxies. Most of the combinations of GAs and NNs perform equally well on our data, but using GAs to select feature subsets produces the best results, reaching accuracies of 90% using the arithmetic mean and 87% with the geometric mean. The networks found by the GAs were more accurate than hand-designed networks and decision trees. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neural Networks is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - Astronomical surveys
KW  - Data mining
KW  - Feature extraction
KW  - Feature selection
KW  - Genetic algorithms
KW  - Network design
KW  - Radio-emitting galaxies
N1  - Accession Number: 9402246; Cantú-Paz, Erick; Email Address: cantupaz@llnl.gov Kamath, Chandrika 1; Email Address: kamath2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-561 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 16 Issue 3/4, p507; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Astronomical surveys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data mining; Author-Supplied Keyword: Feature extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Feature selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radio-emitting galaxies; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0893-6080(03)00020-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9402246&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keith, C.D.
AU  - Anghinolfi, M.
AU  - Battaglieri, M.
AU  - Bosted, P.
AU  - Branford, D.
AU  - Bültmann, S.
AU  - Burkert, V.D.
AU  - Comer, S.A.
AU  - Crabb, D.G.
AU  - De Vita, R.
AU  - Dodge, G.
AU  - Fatemi, R.
AU  - Kashy, D.
AU  - Kuhn, S.E.
AU  - Prok, Y.
AU  - Ripani, M.
AU  - Seely, M.L.
AU  - Taiuti, M.
AU  - Witherspoon, S.
T1  - A polarized target for the CLAS detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 501
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe the design, construction, and performance of a polarized solid target for use in electron scattering experiments with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer. Protons and deuterons are continuously polarized by microwave-induced spin–flip transitions at <f>1 K</f> and <f>5 T</f>. The target operated successfully during two cycles in 1998 and 2000, providing proton and deuteron polarizations as high as 96% and 46%, respectively. The unique features of the target which permit its use inside a <f>4π</f> spectrometer are stressed. Comparison is made between the target polarization measured by the traditional method of NMR and by electron elastic scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZED targets (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - Polarized target
KW  - Spin
KW  - Structure functions
N1  - Accession Number: 9498793; Keith, C.D. 1; Email Address: ckeith@jlab.org Anghinolfi, M. 2 Battaglieri, M. 2 Bosted, P. 3 Branford, D. 4 Bültmann, S. 1 Burkert, V.D. 1 Comer, S.A. 5 Crabb, D.G. 6 De Vita, R. 2 Dodge, G. 5 Fatemi, R. 6 Kashy, D. 1 Kuhn, S.E. 5 Prok, Y. 6 Ripani, M. 2 Seely, M.L. 1 Taiuti, M. 2 Witherspoon, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Jefferson Laboratory, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova e Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, 16146 Genova, Italy  3: Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK  5: Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA  6: University of Virginia, Department of Physics, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 501 Issue 2/3, p327; Subject Term: POLARIZED targets (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarized target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure functions; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00429-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andersen, T.C.
AU  - Black, R.A.
AU  - Blevis, I.
AU  - Boger, J.
AU  - Bonvin, E.
AU  - Chen, M.
AU  - Cleveland, B.T.
AU  - Dai, X.
AU  - Dalnoki-Veress, F.
AU  - Doucas, G.
AU  - Farine, J.
AU  - Fergani, H.
AU  - Fowler, M.M.
AU  - Hahn, R.L.
AU  - Hallman, E.D.
AU  - Hargrove, C.K.
AU  - Heron, H.
AU  - Hooper, E.
AU  - Howard, K.H.
AU  - Jagam, P.
T1  - A radium assay technique using hydrous titanium oxide adsorbent for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 501
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 386
SN  - 01689002
AB  - As photodisintegration of deuterons mimics the disintegration of deuterons by neutrinos, the accurate measurement of the radioactivity from thorium and uranium decay chains in the heavy water in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) is essential for the determination of the total solar neutrino flux. A radium assay technique of the required sensitivity is described that uses hydrous titanium oxide adsorbent on a filtration membrane together with a <f>β−α</f> delayed coincidence counting system. For a <f>200 tonne</f> assay the detection limit for <f>232Th</f> is a concentration of <f>∼3×10−16 g</f> Th/g water and for <f>238U</f> of <f>∼3×10−16 g</f> U/g water. Results of assays of both the heavy and light water carried out during the first 2 years of data collection of SNO are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERONS
KW  - PHOTONUCLEAR reactions
KW  - Radioactivity assay
KW  - SNO
KW  - Solar neutrino
KW  - Water purification
N1  - Accession Number: 9498798; Andersen, T.C. 1 Black, R.A. 2 Blevis, I. 3 Boger, J. 4 Bonvin, E. 5 Chen, M. 3 Cleveland, B.T. 2 Dai, X. 2 Dalnoki-Veress, F. 3 Doucas, G. 2 Farine, J. 3 Fergani, H. 2 Fowler, M.M. 6 Hahn, R.L. 4 Hallman, E.D. 7 Hargrove, C.K. 3 Heron, H. 2 Hooper, E. 2 Howard, K.H. 2 Jagam, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada, N1G 2W1  2: Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK  3: Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont., Canada, K1S 5B6  4: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA  5: Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada, K7L 3N6  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada, P3E 2C6; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 501 Issue 2/3, p386; Subject Term: DEUTERONS; Subject Term: PHOTONUCLEAR reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactivity assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: SNO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar neutrino; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water purification; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01925-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andersen, T.C.
AU  - Blevis, I.
AU  - Boger, J.
AU  - Bonvin, E.
AU  - Chen, M.
AU  - Cleveland, B.T.
AU  - Dai, X.
AU  - Dalnoki-Veress, F.
AU  - Doucas, G.
AU  - Farine, J.
AU  - Fergani, H.
AU  - Ferraris, A.P.
AU  - Fowler, M.M.
AU  - Hahn, R.L.
AU  - Hallman, E.D.
AU  - Hargrove, C.K.
AU  - Jagam, P.
AU  - Jelley, N.A.
AU  - Knox, A.B.
AU  - Lee, H.W.
T1  - Measurement of radium concentration in water with Mn-coated beads at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 501
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe a method to measure the concentration of <f>224Ra</f> and <f>226Ra</f> in the heavy water target used to detect solar neutrinos at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory and in the surrounding light water shielding. A water volume of 50–<f>400 m3</f> from the detector is passed through columns which contain beads coated with a compound of manganese oxide onto which the Ra dissolved in the water is adsorbed. The columns are removed, dried, and mounted below an electrostatic chamber into which the Rn from the decay of trapped Ra is continuously flowed by a stream of <f>N2</f> gas. The subsequent decay of Rn gives charged Po ions which are swept by the electric field onto a solid-state <f>α</f> counter. The content of Ra in the water is inferred from the measured decay rates of <f>212Po</f>, <f>214Po</f>, <f>216Po</f>, and <f>218Po</f>. The Ra extraction efficiency is <f>>95%</f>, the counting efficiency is 24% for <f>214Po</f> and 6% for <f>216Po</f>, and the method can detect a few atoms of <f>224Ra</f> per <f>m3</f> and a few tens of thousands of atoms of <f>226Ra</f> per <f>m3</f>. Converted to equivalent equilibrium values of the topmost elements of the natural radioactive chains, the detection limit in a single assay is a few times <f>10−16 g</f> Th or <f>U/cm3</f>. The results of some typical assays are presented and the contributions to the systematic error are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM oxide
KW  - RADIUM
KW  - Radioactivity assay
KW  - SNO
KW  - Solar neutrino
KW  - Water purification
N1  - Accession Number: 9498799; Andersen, T.C. 1 Blevis, I. 2 Boger, J. 3 Bonvin, E. 4 Chen, M. 2 Cleveland, B.T. 5; Email Address: bclevela@surf.sno.laurentian.ca Dai, X. 5 Dalnoki-Veress, F. 2 Doucas, G. 5 Farine, J. 2 Fergani, H. 5 Ferraris, A.P. 5 Fowler, M.M. 6 Hahn, R.L. 3 Hallman, E.D. 7 Hargrove, C.K. 2 Jagam, P. 1 Jelley, N.A. 5 Knox, A.B. 5 Lee, H.W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1, Canada  2: Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont. K1S 5B6, Canada  3: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA  4: Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. K7L 3N6, Canada  5: Department of Physics, Denis Wilkinson Building, Nuclear and Astrophysics Laboratory, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Ont., Canada; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 501 Issue 2/3, p399; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM oxide; Subject Term: RADIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactivity assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: SNO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar neutrino; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water purification; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00616-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopes, J.A.M.
AU  - Morgado, R.E.
AU  - Conde, C.A.N.
T1  - A metastable xenon isotope detector for treaty verification
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 501
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 623
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A system to selectively detect and quantify the xenon metastable isotopes 131mXe, 133mXe, 133Xe, and 135Xe has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The system combines high-resolution electron and gamma-ray spectrometry with coincidence/anti-coincidence timing for signal selectivity and background rejection. By utilizing X-ray-fluorescence gating, backgrounds from other sources are expected to be reduced to the sub-becquerel level. Coincidence and anti-coincidence triggers are formed from the several individual detectors that comprise the system and used to identify K-shell conversion electrons and fluorescence X-rays from a 109Cd test source with good efficiencies and energy resolutions (20 keV for the low-energy electrons, ∼1.2 keV for the fluorescence X-rays, respectively). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XENON isotopes
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
KW  - CTBT
KW  - Multiparameter detection system
KW  - Radioxenon
KW  - Treaty verification
KW  - Xenon
N1  - Accession Number: 9498816; Lopes, J.A.M. 1,2; Email Address: fcjam@gian.fis.uc.pt Morgado, R.E. 3 Conde, C.A.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Coimbra, Ap. 4065, 3030 Coimbra, Portugal  2: Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 501 Issue 2/3, p623; Subject Term: XENON isotopes; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: CTBT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiparameter detection system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioxenon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Treaty verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00621-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semertzidis, Yannis K.
T1  - Measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment to 0.7 ppm
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The experimental method together with the analysis method and results of the data taken in 2000 and prospects of the muon anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moment experiments are presented here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - DIPOLE moments
N1  - Accession Number: 9572843; Semertzidis, Yannis K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p373; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadau, K.
AU  - Gruner, M.
AU  - Entel, P.
AU  - Kreth, M.
T1  - Modeling Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions in Iron-Nickel Nanoparticles.
JO  - Phase Transitions
JF  - Phase Transitions
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 76
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
EP  - 365
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01411594
AB  - Martensitic phase transformations and magnetovolume effects in iron-nickel alloys are intimately related. The term Invar is widely used to characterize the unusual physical properties accompanying structural and magnetic instabilities such as those observed in the vicinity of the critical composition Fe 65 Ni 35 . We discuss the crossover from bulk iron-nickel alloys to nanoparticles with respect to structural and magnetic behavior. By employing molecular-dynamics and Monte Carlo methods, we find the absence of structural instabilities in defect-free particles, a linear scaling of the austenitic transformation temperature with the reciprocal cluster radius, as well as a decrease of the magnetic transition temperature with decreasing particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Phase Transitions is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARTENSITIC transformations
KW  - IRON-nickel alloys
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Iron-nickel nanoparticles
KW  - Martensitic and magnetic phase transitions
KW  - Molecular-dynamics
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 10725175; Kadau, K. 1 Gruner, M. 2 Entel, P. 2 Kreth, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-11, MS B262, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Institute of Physics, Gerhard-Mercator-University, 47048 Duisburg, Germany; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 76 Issue 4/5, p355; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC transformations; Subject Term: IRON-nickel alloys; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron-nickel nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensitic and magnetic phase transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular-dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Kim, J.
AU  - Barmak, K.
T1  - The CoPt system: a natural exchange spring
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 327
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Ferromagnetic “exchange-spring” nanocomposite systems derive their technical magnetic properties, such as the remanence and coercivity, from the details of the interphase coupling between the magnetically soft component and the magnetically hard component. An ideal model material for the study of the interphase interactions in exchange-spring systems is the CoPt system in thin-film form. Depending on the details of post-deposition annealing treatment, CoPt consists of two phases in varying proportions: the chemically disordered A1 phase with low coercivity and the chemically ordered L10 phase with high coercivity. Coupled magnetic and transmission electron microscopy studies reveal simple relationships between the volume percent of ordered L10 phase, coercivity and the magnetic exchange within the samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - Exchange in magnetically ordered materials
KW  - Order–disorder transitions
KW  - Permanent magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 9281750; Lewis, L.H. 1; Email Address: lhlewis@bnl.gov Kim, J. 2 Barmak, K. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 480, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Data Storage Systems Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 327 Issue 2-4, p190; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange in magnetically ordered materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Order–disorder transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permanent magnets; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01725-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olshanetsky, Eugene
AU  - Pilla, Manyam
AU  - Caldwell, Joshua D.
AU  - Bowers, Clifford R.
AU  - Simmons, Jerry A.
AU  - Reno, John L.
T1  - Temperature dependence of electrically detected ESR at filling factor <f>ν=1</f> in a 2DEG
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 320
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Electrically detected electron spin resonance (ESR) was measured as a function of temperature for 0.3–<f>4.2 K</f> in a AlGaAs/GaAs multiple quantum well sample at filling factor <f>ν=1</f>. The ESR amplitude exhibits a maximum at about <f>2.2 K</f> and vanishes with increased or decreased temperature. To explain the observed temperature dependence of the signal amplitude, the signal amplitude temperature dependence is calculated assuming a model based on heating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - 73.63.Hs
KW  - Electron spin resonance
KW  - Quantum Hall effect
N1  - Accession Number: 9571155; Olshanetsky, Eugene 1; Email Address: eugene@polycnrs-gre.fr Pilla, Manyam 1 Caldwell, Joshua D. 1 Bowers, Clifford R. 1 Simmons, Jerry A. 2 Reno, John L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 17, p320; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.63.Hs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron spin resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum Hall effect; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1386-9477(02)00823-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Demuth, Scott F.
T1  - SP100 space reactor design
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 42
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
SN  - 01491970
AB  - The SP100 space nuclear reactor was designed for use as an orbital power supply, lunar or Martian surface power station, and power supply for nuclear electric propulsion, with a scaleable power range of 10''s kWe to 100''s kWe. The original mission was an orbital power supply for the United State''s (U.S.) Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) of the 1980s. Although the original sponsors were a consortium of the U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), as the SDI effort diminished with the demise of the Soviet Union the mission evolved more toward the needs of NASA. Eventually, as the grandiose missions of NASA came into question in the early 1990s and less extravagant missions became more palatable, the SP100 program was discontinued. At the time of program discontinuation a complex infrastructure of industry and national laboratories had been established, and approximately $1-billion invested in design and development. The SP100 was not intended as a low cost one-time-use device; but rather, a highly flexible power supply that realized a cost advantage by being capable of multiple missions, based on a common design with the flexibility to evolve. The design and development team made major progress successfully fabricating and testing technology features that were essential to meeting the stringent safety, performance, lifetime and reliability requirements of proposed missions. The following paper attempts to describe the high level of sophistication incorporated in the SP100 design, and the high degree of technology readiness at the time of program discontinuation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Nuclear Energy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear reactors
KW  - Nuclear facilities
KW  - Power resources
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - NASA
KW  - nuclear
KW  - reactor
KW  - SP100
KW  - space
KW  - United States. National Aeronautics & Space Administration
N1  - Accession Number: 12307704; Demuth, Scott F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p323; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactors; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear facilities; Thesaurus Term: Power resources; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: NASA; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: SP100; Author-Supplied Keyword: space ; Company/Entity: United States. National Aeronautics & Space Administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hartmann, Thomas
AU  - Paviet-Hartmann, Patricia
AU  - Wetteland, Christopher
AU  - Lu, Ningping
T1  - Spectroscopic determination of hypochlorous acid, in chloride brine solutions, featuring 5 MeV proton beam line experiments
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 66
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - The irradiation effects of 4.9 MeV protons on salt repository related brines are investigated spectrophotometrically. The induced formation of hypochlorous acid is determined up to doses of 11 kGy in 3.7 M MgCl2·6H2O and in a multicomponent brine of high concentration: Brine G. The build-up of hypochlorous acid to a steady-state concentration is found to be independent on the chloride concentration. The ultimate objective of this experiment is the estimation of the <f>G</f> value for HOCl in which meaningful predictions of long-term redox conditions in a nuclear repository strongly depend on. This paper describes our first steps towards the determination of HOCl. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - 5 MeV proton irradiation
KW  - Brine solution
KW  - Hypochlorite
KW  - Hypochlorous acid
KW  - Spectrophotometry
N1  - Accession Number: 9307893; Hartmann, Thomas 1; Email Address: hartmann@lanl.gov Paviet-Hartmann, Patricia 1 Wetteland, Christopher 2 Lu, Ningping 3; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Carlsbad, NM 88220, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 66 Issue 5, p335; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5 MeV proton irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brine solution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hypochlorite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hypochlorous acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrophotometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-806X(02)00407-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martz, Harry F.
AU  - Hamada, Michael S.
T1  - Uncertainty in counts and operating time in estimating Poisson occurrence rates
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 80
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 09518320
AB  - When quantifying a plant-specific Poisson event occurrence rate λ in PRA studies, it is sometimes the case that either the reported plant-specific number of events x or the operating time t (or both) are uncertain. We present a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method that can be used to obtain the required average posterior distribution of λ which reflects the corresponding uncertainty in x and/or t. The method improves upon existing methods and is also easy to implement using hierarchical Bayesian software that is freely available from the Web. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POISSON processes
KW  - MARKOV processes
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Bayesian
KW  - Data uncertainties
KW  - Markov chain Monte Carlo
KW  - Poisson rate
N1  - Accession Number: 9143607; Martz, Harry F.; Email Address: hfm@lanl.gov Hamada, Michael S. 1; Email Address: hamada@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Group D-1, MS F600, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 80 Issue 1, p75; Subject Term: POISSON processes; Subject Term: MARKOV processes; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data uncertainties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chain Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poisson rate; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0951-8320(02)00267-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wittig, James E.
AU  - Al-Sharab, Jafar F.
AU  - Doerner, Mary
AU  - Bian, Xiaoping
AU  - Bentley, James
AU  - Evans, Neal D.
T1  - Influence of microstructure on the chemical inhomogeneities in nanostructured longitudinal magnetic recording media
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 48
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 943
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy and spectrum imaging at nanometer spatial resolution were used to correlate microstructure, specifically crystallographic texture and grain-boundary character, with the chemical inhomogeneities in sputtered CoCrPtB thin-film media. These data show that the average Cr grain boundary segregation is reduced in the sputtered CoCrPtB material with a strong (1 1 0)Co texture compared to a microstructure with a weak (1 0 0)Co texture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - INHOMOGENEOUS materials
N1  - Accession Number: 9050724; Wittig, James E. 1; Email Address: j.wittig@vanderbilt.edu Al-Sharab, Jafar F. 1 Doerner, Mary 2 Bian, Xiaoping 2 Bentley, James 3 Evans, Neal D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Box 1683 Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: IBM Storage Technology Division, San Jose, CA 95193, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 48 Issue 7, p943; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: INHOMOGENEOUS materials; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00610-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kusinski, Greg J.
AU  - Krishnan, Kannan M.
AU  - Denbeaux, Gregory
AU  - Thomas, Gareth
T1  - Magnetic reversal of ion beam patterned Co/Pt multilayers
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 48
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 949
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The characteristics of the reversal processes of magnetic arrays fabricated by ion-irradiation of Co/Pt multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are reported. Magnetic patterns with periodicities from 1 μm to 100 nm were patterned. A correlation between the pattern size, magnetic reversal and grain size is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - Magnetic domains
KW  - Magnetic imaging
KW  - Multilayers
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - Transmission X-ray microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9050725; Kusinski, Greg J. 1,2,3; Email Address: kusinski@calalum.org Krishnan, Kannan M. 3,4 Denbeaux, Gregory 3 Thomas, Gareth 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: MMFX Technologies, R&D, 2 Corporate Park Suite 102 R&D, Irvine, CA 92606, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 48 Issue 7, p949; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic domains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission X-ray microscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00607-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharyya, C.
AU  - Grate, L.R.
AU  - Rizki, A.
AU  - Radisky, D.
AU  - Molina, F.J.
AU  - Jordan, M.I.
AU  - Bissell, M.J.
AU  - Mian, I.S.
T1  - Simultaneous classification and relevant feature identification in high-dimensional spaces: application to molecular profiling data
JO  - Signal Processing
JF  - Signal Processing
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 83
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 729
SN  - 01651684
AB  - Molecular profiling technologies monitor many thousands of transcripts, proteins, metabolites or other species concurrently in a biological sample of interest. Given such high-dimensional data for different types of samples, classification methods aim to assign specimens to known categories. Relevant feature identification methods seek to define a subset of molecules that differentiate the samples. This work describes LIKNON, a specific implementation of a statistical approach for creating a classifier and identifying a small number of relevant features simultaneously. Given two-class data, LIKNON estimates a sparse linear classifier by exploiting the simple and well-known property that minimising an <f>L1</f> norm (via linear programming) yields a sparse hyperplane. It performs well when used for retrospective analysis of three cancer biology profiling data sets, (i) small, round, blue cell tumour transcript profiles from tumour biopsies and cell lines, (ii) sporadic breast carcinoma transcript profiles from patients with distant metastases <f><5</f> years and those with no distant metastases <f>&ges;5</f> years and (iii) serum sample protein profiles from unaffected and ovarian cancer patients. Computationally, LIKNON is less demanding than the prevailing filter-wrapper strategy; this approach generates many feature subsets and equates relevant features with the subset yielding a classifier with the lowest generalisation error. Biologically, the results suggest a role for the cellular microenvironment in influencing disease outcome and its importance in developing clinical decision support systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Signal Processing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - CANCER
KW  - <f>L1</f> norm minimisation
KW  - Cancer biology
KW  - Classification
KW  - Feature selection
KW  - LIKNON
KW  - Minimax probability machine
KW  - Molecular profiling data
N1  - Accession Number: 9099227; Bhattacharyya, C. 1,2 Grate, L.R. 3 Rizki, A. 3 Radisky, D. 3 Molina, F.J. 3,4 Jordan, M.I. 1,5 Bissell, M.J. 3 Mian, I.S. 3; Email Address: smian@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Division of Computer Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Current address: Department of CSA, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Mathematics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  5: Department of Statistics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 83 Issue 4, p729; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: CANCER; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>L1</f> norm minimisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Classification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Feature selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIKNON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Minimax probability machine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular profiling data; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0165-1684(02)00474-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryutova, M.
AU  - Tarbell, T. D.
AU  - Shine, R.
T1  - Interaction and Dynamics of the Photospheric Network Magnetic Elements.
JO  - Solar Physics
JF  - Solar Physics
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 213
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 256
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00380938
AB  - Small-scale magnetic elements in the quiet photospheric network are believed to play a key role in the energy flow from the solar surface to upper layers of atmosphere. Their intense hydro-magnetic activity includes merging and fragmentation of same polarity fluxes, `total' or partial cancellation of neighboring flux elements of opposite polarity, dynamic appearance and disappearance of compact bipoles, etc. We study the general features of these processes, and show that non-collinearity of flux tubes, sharp stratification of low atmosphere and finite plasma beta lead to several specific effects in the interacting flux tubes that may explain the morphological properties of network magnetic field and also provide a mechanism for the energy build up and release in the nearby chromosphere and transition region. We show that during the collision of flux tubes in the photosphere reconnection occurs regardless of whether the flux tubes are of opposite or of the same polarity. But the dynamics of reconnection products are significantly different and lead to different macroscopic effects that can be observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR photosphere
KW  - SOLAR atmosphere
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SOLAR chromosphere
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16859213; Ryutova, M. 1; Email Address: ryutova1@llnl.gov Tarbell, T. D. 2; Email Address: tarbell@lmsal.com Shine, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.A.  2: Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, 3251 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 213 Issue 2, p231; Subject Term: SOLAR photosphere; Subject Term: SOLAR atmosphere; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SOLAR chromosphere; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timusk, T.
AU  - Homes, C.C.
T1  - The role of magnetism in forming the c-axis spectral peak at 400 cm−1 in high temperature superconductors
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/04//4/1/2003
VL  - 126
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We discuss the peak at 400 cm−1, which is seen in c-axis conductivity spectra of underdoped high temperature superconductors. The model of van der Marel and Munzar, where the peak is the result of a transverse plasmon arising from a low frequency conductivity mode between the closely spaced planes, fits our data well. Within the model we find that the temperature dependence of the peak amplitude is controlled by in-plane scattering processes. The temperature range where the mode can be seen coincides with <f>Ts,</f> the spin gap temperature, which is lower than <f>T&ast;,</f> the pseudogap temperature. As a function of temperature, the amplitude of the mode tracks the amplitude of the 41 meV neutron resonance and the spin lattice relaxation time, suggesting to us that the mode is controlled by magnetic processes and not by superconducting fluctuations which have temperature scale much closer to <f>Tc,</f> the superconducting transition temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - A. Plasmon
KW  - D. Bilayers
KW  - D. Magnetism
KW  - D. Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9306592; Timusk, T. 1; Email Address: timusk@mcmaster.ca Homes, C.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ont., Canada L8S 4M1  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: 4/1/2003, Vol. 126 Issue 1/2, p63; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Plasmon; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Bilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(02)00666-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Richter, Klaus W.
AU  - Picha, Radim
AU  - Ipser, Herbert
AU  - Franzen, H. Fritz
T1  - Fractional site occupation of Hf<f>5−x</f>Nb<f>x</f>Ge4: crystallographic investigation and thermodynamic modeling
JO  - Solid State Sciences
JF  - Solid State Sciences
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
SN  - 12932558
AB  - The binary compound Hf5Ge4 (structure type Sm5Ge4, <f>oP36</f>, <f>Pnma</f>) was found to form an extended ternary solid solution Hf<f>5−x</f>Nb<f>x</f>Ge4 with <f>0&les;x&les;3.8</f>. This solid solution was investigated by X-ray diffraction employing powder- as well as single crystal methods. Structure refinements at several different compositions within the phase revealed strongly preferred site occupation by Nb at the three crystallographically independent metal sites of the Sm5Ge4-type structure yielding an almost stepwise substitution mechanism of the two transition metals. Chemical bonding and site occupation are discussed on the basis of extended Hu¨ckel calculations performed on Hf5Ge4, and site volumes (Dirichlet domains) as well as atomic orbital occupations (site potentials) are correlated with the observed substitution mechanism. A thermodynamic model based on the compound energy formalism was developed in order to link the observed substitution mechanism to thermodynamic properties (Gibbs energies) of the different sublattices formed by the crystallographically independent sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SAMARIUM
KW  - GERMANIUM compounds
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Bonding
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Differential fractional site occupation
KW  - Disorder
KW  - Hafnium niobium germanides
KW  - Thermodynamic model
N1  - Accession Number: 9543573; Richter, Klaus W. 1; Email Address: richter@ap.univie.ac.at Picha, Radim 1 Ipser, Herbert 1 Franzen, H. Fritz 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Wien, Währingerstraße 42, A-1090 Wien, Austria  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p653; Subject Term: SAMARIUM; Subject Term: GERMANIUM compounds; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential fractional site occupation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hafnium niobium germanides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamic model; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1293-2558(03)00058-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, Beom Sik
AU  - Cooper, David R.
AU  - Jelen, Filip
AU  - Devedjiev, Yancho
AU  - Derewenda, Urszula
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
AU  - Otlewski, Jacek
AU  - Derewenda, Zygmunt S.
T1  - PDZ Tandem of Human Syntenin: Crystal Structure and Functional Properties
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Syntenin, a 33 kDa protein, interacts with several cell membrane receptors and with merlin, the product of the causal gene for neurofibromatosis type II. We report a crystal structure of the functional fragment of human syntenin containing two canonical PDZ domains, as well as binding studies for full-length syntenin, the PDZ tandem, and isolated PDZ domains. We show that the functional properties of syntenin are a result of independent interactions with target peptides, and that each domain is able to bind peptides belonging to two different classes: PDZ1 binds peptides from classes I and III, while PDZ2 interacts with classes I and II. The independent binding of merlin by PDZ1 and syndecan-4 by PDZ2 provides direct evidence for the coupling of syndecan-mediated signaling to actin regulation by merlin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL receptors
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - calorimetry
KW  - cancer
KW  - crystallography
KW  - merlin
KW  - PDZ
KW  - schwannoma
KW  - syndecan
N1  - Accession Number: 9447338; Kang, Beom Sik 1 Cooper, David R. 1 Jelen, Filip 2 Devedjiev, Yancho 1 Derewenda, Urszula 1 Dauter, Zbigniew 3 Otlewski, Jacek 2 Derewenda, Zygmunt S. 1; Email Address: zsd4n@virginia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics and The Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA  2: Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wroclaw, Tamka 2, 50-137 Wroclaw, Poland  3: Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, NCI, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p459; Subject Term: CELL receptors; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: merlin; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDZ; Author-Supplied Keyword: schwannoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: syndecan; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00052-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peters, A.M.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Titanium-doped hydrogenated DLC coatings deposited by a novel OMCVD-PIIP technique
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 167
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Using a novel organometallic CVD-plasma immersion ion processing technique, titanium-doped hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (Ti-h:DLC) coatings were deposited from a metallorganic CVD precursor, tetrakis-dimethylamino titanium. A carrier gas of acetylene was used and the flow rate through the precursor reservoir was varied so the titanium concentration in the deposited coatings could be controlled. Deposited coatings had thickness in the range of 600–1000 nm as determined by surface profilometry. Titanium concentrations in the coatings ranged from 0.4 to approximately 11 at.%. Acetylene flow through the reservoir reached a peak efficiency of titanium throughput at 20 sccm, declining in efficiency as flow was increased to 40 sccm. Hardness values of these coatings ranged from approximately 8–17 GPa, as determined by nanoindentation, decreasing with increasing titanium content. Coefficient of friction values ranged from 0.23 to 0.18, and were lowest for coatings with high titanium content. The coefficient of friction followed the model for adhesive friction. Wear resistance was best for coatings with low titanium content as determined by pin-on-disk methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - Diamond-like carbon
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Organometallic CVD
KW  - Pin-on-disk
KW  - Plasma immersion ion implantation
KW  - Titanium carbonitride
N1  - Accession Number: 9144221; Peters, A.M.; Email Address: ampeters@lanl.gov Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 167 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond-like carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organometallic CVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pin-on-disk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma immersion ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium carbonitride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00886-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodrigues, W.
AU  - Tinkham, B.P.
AU  - Sakata, O.
AU  - Lee, T.-L.
AU  - Kazimirov, A.
AU  - Bedzyk, M.J.
T1  - X-ray standing wave study of Si/Ge/Si(<f>0 0 1</f>) heterostructures grown with Bi as a surfactant
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00396028
AB  - X-ray standing wave (XSW) analysis was used for an atomic-scale structural study of ultra-thin Si/Ge heterostructures grown on Si(0 0 1) by surfactant mediated epitaxy with Bi as the surfactant. XSW measurements were performed for the Si(0 0 4) and Si(0 2 2) Bragg reflections for Ge coverages from 1 to 10 monolayers. The measured Ge coherent positions agree with the calculated Ge positions for a tetragonally distorted Ge lattice formed on Si(0 0 1) using continuum elasticity theory. However, the measured Ge coherent fractions are smaller than expected. The quality of the Si cap layer and its registry with the underlying Si(0 0 1) substrate lattice was also determined by combining the XSW technique with evanescent-wave emission. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - Bismuth
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Growth
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface defects
KW  - X-ray standing waves
N1  - Accession Number: 9289549; Rodrigues, W. 1,2 Tinkham, B.P. 3 Sakata, O. 3 Lee, T.-L. 3 Kazimirov, A. 3 Bedzyk, M.J. 2,3; Email Address: bedzyk@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Materials Science Department and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Cook Hall, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bismuth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray standing waves; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00303-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ismail
AU  - Petersen, L.
AU  - Zhang, Jiandi
AU  - Jin, R.
AU  - Mandrus, D.G.
AU  - Plummer, E.W.
T1  - The surface of Sr2Ru0.9Mo0.1O4: a LEED and STM study
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 00396028
AB  - In the unconventional superconductor Sr2RuO4, substitution of a small amount of Mo for Ru destroys the superconducting state. We have used low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to study the cleaved (1 0 0) surface of the Mo-doped strontium ruthenate: Sr2Ru0.9Mo0.1O4. Excellent LEED patterns indicate a well-ordered surface similar to Sr2RuO4. The analysis of LEED-<f>I(V)</f> spectra revealed that the (Ru/Mo)O6 octahedra at the surface are rotated alternating clockwise and counterclockwise by 8.8° ± 2.5° about the direction of the surface normal, which is identical to these on the surface of Sr2RuO4. But the high-resolution STM images of Sr2Ru0.9Mo0.1O4 show a surface fundamentally different from that of Sr2RuO4. The STM images are surprisingly inhomogeneous without clear atomic resolution. This indicates a local spatial roughness in the electronic structure induced by the Mo doping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - LOW energy electron diffraction
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 9289526; Ismail 1,2 Petersen, L. 2 Zhang, Jiandi 3; Email Address: zhangj@fiu.edu Jin, R. 2 Mandrus, D.G. 1,2 Plummer, E.W. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, p151; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LOW energy electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00121-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kizilkaya, O.
AU  - Hite, D.A.
AU  - Zehner, D.M.
AU  - Sprunger, P.T.
T1  - Formation of aluminum oxide thin films on FeAl(<f>1 1 0</f>) studied by STM
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The surface morphology and atomic structure of clean and oxidized FeAl(1 1 0) surfaces have been investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). An incommensurate reconstructed structure, having FeAl2 stoichiometry confined to the outmost layer, is observed on the clean surface due to preferential Al segregation upon annealing to 1125 K. When the reconstructed clean surface is exposed to oxygen at elevated temperatures, an ordered ultra-thin aluminum oxide film is formed. Based on STM data, a structural model of the oxide film is proposed, which exhibits a quasi-hexagonal oxygen layer and accommodates an even mix of octahedral and tetrahedral occupancy of Al ions arranged in an alternating zigzag–stripe structure. STM imaging with tunnel voltages in the range of the bulk band gap implies that the thin film oxide electronic structure differs substantially from the bulk oxide, and indicates a local density of states around the oxide constituents within the bulk band gap. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Iron
KW  - Metal–insulator interfaces
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 9289542; Kizilkaya, O. 1 Hite, D.A. 1 Zehner, D.M. 2 Sprunger, P.T. 1; Email Address: phils@lsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices, Louisiana State University, 6980 Jefferson Highway, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, p223; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–insulator interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00271-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruzycki, Nancy
AU  - Herman, Gregory S.
AU  - Boatner, Lynn A.
AU  - Diebold, Ulrike
T1  - Scanning tunneling microscopy study of the anatase (1 0 0) surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 529
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L239
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been used to investigate the structure of the TiO2 anatase (1 0 0) surface. Natural single crystals of anatase were employed; and after several cycles of sputtering and annealing at <f>T=450</f> °C, the TiO2(1 0 0) surface was free of impurities, and reconstructed to a (<f>1×n</f>) termination. No evidence for point defects was found in the atomic resolution STM images. The STM results were accounted for on the basis of a surface structure model in which (1 0 1)-oriented microfacets run along the anatase [0 1 0] direction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - and topography
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 9289530; Ruzycki, Nancy 1 Herman, Gregory S. 2 Boatner, Lynn A. 3 Diebold, Ulrike 1; Email Address: diebold@tulane.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA  2: Hewlett-Packard Corporation, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 529 Issue 1/2, pL239; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00117-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MARLAND, GREGG
AU  - WEST, TRISTRAM O.
AU  - SCHLAMADINGER, BERNHARD
AU  - CANELLA, LORENZA
T1  - Managing soil organic carbon in agriculture: the net effect on greenhouse gas emissions.
JO  - Tellus: Series B
JF  - Tellus: Series B
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 55
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 613
EP  - 621
PB  - Co-Action Publishing
SN  - 02806509
AB  - abstract A change in agricultural practice can increase carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. To know the net effect on greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere, however, we consider associated changes in CO2 emissions resulting from the consumption of fossil fuels, emissions of other greenhouse gases and effects on land productivity and crop yield. We also consider how these factors will evolve over time. A change from conventional tillage to no-till agriculture, based on data for average practice in the U.S., will result in net carbon sequestration in the soil that averages 337 kg C ha-1 yr-1 for the initial 20 yr with a decline to near zero in the following 20 yr, and continuing savings in CO2 emissions because of reduced use of fossil fuels. The long-term results, considering all factors, can generally be expected to show decreased net greenhouse gas emissions. The quantitative details, however, depend on the site-specific impact of the conversion from conventional to no-till agriculture on agricultural yield and N2 O emissions from nitrogen fertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tellus: Series B is the property of Co-Action Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL moisture
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - CARBON
KW  - AGRICULTURE
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
N1  - Accession Number: 9614697; MARLAND, GREGG 1 WEST, TRISTRAM O. 1 SCHLAMADINGER, BERNHARD 2 CANELLA, LORENZA 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA;  2: Institute of Energy Research, Joanneum Research, Graz, Austria; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 55 Issue 2, p613; Subject Term: SOIL moisture; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: AGRICULTURE; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1034/j.1600-0889.2003.00054.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benedetti, L.
AU  - Finkel, R.
AU  - King, G.
AU  - Armijo, R.
AU  - Papanastassiou, D.
AU  - Ryerson, F. J.
AU  - Flerit, F.
AU  - Farber, D.
AU  - Stavrakakis, G.
T1  - Motion on the Kaparelli fault (Greece) prior to the 1981 earthquake sequence determined from 36 Cl cosmogenic dating.
JO  - Terra Nova
JF  - Terra Nova
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 124
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09544879
AB  - ABSTRACT In February and March 1981, three successive destructive earthquakes occurred at the eastern end of the Gulf of Corinth. The third shock (March, 4, Ms ≈ 6.4) ruptured the Kaparelli fault. About 40 cm of a limestone fault scarp was exhumed by the earthquake. Each major prehistoric earthquake has added new surface to this cumulative scarp exposing fresh material to cosmic-ray bombardment. Using 36 Cl cosmic ray exposure dating we have obtained the continuous exposure history for this 4–5-m-high limestone surface at two sites about 50 m apart. The results suggest that the Kaparelli fault has ruptured three times prior to 1981 at 20 ± 3 ka, 14.5 ± 0.5 ka and 10.5 ± 0.5 ka with slip amplitudes between 0.6 m and 2.1 m. The Kaparelli fault appears to have been inactive for 10 thousand years prior to the 1981 event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Terra Nova is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FAULTS (Geology)
KW  - EARTHQUAKES
KW  - GREECE
N1  - Accession Number: 9481083; Benedetti, L. 1 Finkel, R. 1 King, G. 2 Armijo, R. 2 Papanastassiou, D. 3 Ryerson, F. J. 1 Flerit, F. 2 Farber, D. 1 Stavrakakis, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory – Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, L-202, 7000 east av., CA 94550 Livermore, USA;  2: Laboratoire de Tectonique, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7578, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France;  3: Institute of Geodynamics, National Observatory of Athens, PO Box 20048, Gr-118 10, Athens, Greece; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p118; Subject Term: FAULTS (Geology); Subject Term: EARTHQUAKES; Subject Term: GREECE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-3121.2003.00474.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birkholzer, Jens
T1  - Penetration of liquid fingers into superheated fractured rock.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Water infiltrating down a fracture in unsaturated rock experiences complex fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena when entering above-boiling rock temperature regions. Such conditions are expected, for example, after emplacement of heat-generating nuclear waste in underground repositories. A new efficient semianalytical method is proposed in this paper that simulates the flow processes of infiltration events subject to vigorous boiling from the adjacent hot rock. It is assumed that liquid flow forms in localized preferential flow paths and that infiltration events are typically short in duration but large in magnitude relative to the average net infiltration. The new solution scheme is applied to several test cases studying sensitivity to a variety of input parameters. Sample simulations are performed for conditions representative of the potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. A characteristic parameter is introduced that provides a quick estimate of the relative significance of boiling at a given location of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - finger flow
KW  - thermal
KW  - unsaturated fractured rock
KW  - vaporization
N1  - Accession Number: 87143995; Birkholzer, Jens 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 4, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: finger flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: vaporization; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001464
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - On stochastic study of well capture zones in bounded, randomly heterogeneous media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Accurately determining well capture zones is of great importance in aquifer cleanup and for the protection of drinking water. Earlier models in delineating capture zones assumed the medium to be homogeneous. Recently, stochastic approaches have been applied to studying capture zones in heterogeneous media. The Monte Carlo method is commonly used to infer the probability distribution of the resulting capture zones from multiple realizations of the aquifer of interest. In this study, we present a moment-equation-based approach to derive the time-dependent mean capture zones and their associated uncertainties. The flow statistics are obtained by solving the first two moments of flow, and the mean capture zones are determined by reversely tracking the nonreactive particles released at a small circle around each pumping well. The uncertainty associated with the mean capture zones is calculated based on the particle displacement covariance X ij for nonstationary flow fields. For comparison purposes, we also conducted Monte Carlo simulations. It has been found that our model results are in excellent agreement with Monte Carlo results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - capture zones
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - moment equations
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
KW  - stochastic processes
N1  - Accession Number: 87143994; Lu, Zhiming 1; Zhang, Dongxiao 1; Affiliations: 1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 4, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: capture zones; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: moment equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic processes; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001633
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheibe, Timothy D.
AU  - Wood, Brian D.
T1  - A particle-based model of size or anion exclusion with application to microbial transport in porous media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - This paper presents a novel approach to the representation of pore-scale exclusion processes, based on the truncation of the distribution of local dispersive displacements in a random-walk particle model. This approach increases the mean velocity of colloidal-sized particles relative to inert solute tracers, and decreases the apparent dispersion. An equivalent continuum model, with modified velocity and dispersion parameters, is also derived. Both the particle and the equivalent continuum models are applied to the results of laboratory experiments on bacterial transport in intact cores from a research site near Oyster, Virginia. The particle-based model requires only modest truncation (8% maximum) of the particle velocity distribution function to closely reproduce the significant observed decrease in bacterial arrival times relative to a bromide tracer. The approach provides a conceptually appealing and consistent means of incorporating the exclusion process into groundwater transport models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - bacteria
KW  - exclusion
KW  - groundwater
KW  - model
KW  - particle
KW  - transport
N1  - Accession Number: 87144005; Scheibe, Timothy D. 1; Wood, Brian D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 2: Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 4, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: exclusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: model; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2001WR001223
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Pan, Lehua
T1  - Special relative permeability functions with analytical solutions for transient flow into unsaturated rock matrix.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/04//
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - This paper presents a class of analytical solutions for transient flow into unsaturated rock matrix. These analytical solutions are derived using specially correlated, physically meaningful relative permeability and capillary functions. The transient flow processes in unsaturated rock matrix blocks are generally described by the Richards' equation. The analytical solutions describe the full transient behavior of flow into unsaturated matrix blocks and have proven (through various examples) to be useful for verifying numerical model results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - analytical solutions
KW  - capillary pressure
KW  - fracture-matrix interactions
KW  - relative permeability
KW  - Richards' equation
KW  - unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87144003; Wu, Yu-Shu 1; Pan, Lehua 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 4, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: analytical solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture-matrix interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: relative permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Richards' equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001495
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Don W. Lobitz
AU  - Paul S. Veers
T1  - Load Mitigation with Bending/Twist-coupled Blades on Rotors using Modern Control Strategies.
JO  - Wind Energy
JF  - Wind Energy
Y1  - 2003/04//Apr-Jun2003
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 117
SN  - 10954244
AB  - The prospect of installing blades that twist as they bend and/or extend on horizontal axis wind turbines provides opportunities for enhanced energy capture and/or load mitigation. Although this coupling could be achieved in either an active or a passive manner, the passive approach is much more attractive owing to its simplicity and economy. As an example, a blade design might employ coupling between bending and twisting, so that as the blade bends owing to the action of the aerodynamic loads, it also twists, modifying the aerodynamic performance in some way. For reducing loads the blades are designed to twist towards feather as they bend. For variable-speed pitch-controlled rotors, dynamic computer simulations with turbulent inflow show that twist coupling substantially decreases fatigue damage over all wind speeds, without reducing average power. Maximum loads also decrease modestly. For constant-speed stall-controlled and variable-speed stall-controlled rotors, significant decreases in fatigue damage are observed at the lower wind speeds and smaller decreases at the higher wind speeds. Maximum loads also decrease slightly. As a general observation, whenever a rotor is operating in the linear aerodynamic range (lower wind speeds for stall control and all wind speeds for pitch control), substantial reductions in fatigue damage are realized. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Wind Energy is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Turbines -- Blades
KW  - Blades (Hydraulic machinery)
KW  - Materials -- Fatigue
KW  - Wind speed
KW  - Aerodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 19821255; Don W. Lobitz 1; Paul S. Veers 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 PO Box 5800, MS0708, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0708, USA; Issue Info: Apr-Jun2003, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p105; Thesaurus Term: Turbines -- Blades; Subject Term: Blades (Hydraulic machinery); Subject Term: Materials -- Fatigue; Subject Term: Wind speed; Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - P. W. Carlin
AU  - A. S. Laxson
AU  - E. B. Muljadi
T1  - The History and State of the Art of Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Technology.
JO  - Wind Energy
JF  - Wind Energy
Y1  - 2003/04//Apr-Jun2003
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 159
SN  - 10954244
AB  - Early wind turbines used for performing mechanical work (pumping, grinding and cutting) optimized aerodynamics by being allowed to run at variable speed. Some of the earliest DC electric wind turbines were allowed to run at variable speed. With the advent of grid-connected AC turbines, rotational speeds were limited in order to control the wind turbine AC frequency output to equal the grid frequency. With the advent of semiconductor devices, attempts began as early as the 1970s to allow variable-speed operation of large-scale turbines. The introduction of a new generation of high-voltage, high-speed power electronic components allows a wide range of variable-speed operation for very-large-scale machines. Over the past 30 years a number of designs have been tested, a few of which have entered commercial operation. A number of these designs and their histories are described. A detailed description of a wide range of electrical methods for allowing variable-speed operation is provided. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Wind Energy is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Speed
KW  - Automatic control
KW  - Mechanics (Physics)
KW  - Electronic systems
N1  - Accession Number: 19821257; P. W. Carlin 1; A. S. Laxson 1; E. B. Muljadi 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory/National Wind Technology Center, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Apr-Jun2003, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Subject Term: Speed; Subject Term: Automatic control; Subject Term: Mechanics (Physics); Subject Term: Electronic systems; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Röhrich, Dieter
AU  - Bearden, I.G.
AU  - Beavis, D.
AU  - Besliu, C.
AU  - Blyakhman, Y.
AU  - Brzychczyk, J.
AU  - Budick, B.
AU  - Bøggild, H.
AU  - Chasman, C.
AU  - Christensen, C.H.
AU  - Christiansen, P.
AU  - Cibor, J.
AU  - Debbe, R.
AU  - Enger, E.
AU  - Gaardhøje, J.J.
AU  - Germinario, M.
AU  - Grotowski, K.
AU  - Hagel, K.
AU  - Hansen, O.
AU  - Holme, A.K.
T1  - Results from the BRAHMS experiment at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Results from the BRAHMS collaboration for Au+Au collisions at <F>√SNN = 200 GeV</F> are presented, focussing on the measurement of the net-proton rapidity distribution, the determination of the pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles and on the rapidity distributions of pions and kaons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GOLD
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11967385; Röhrich, Dieter Bearden, I.G. 1 Beavis, D. 2 Besliu, C. 3 Blyakhman, Y. 4 Brzychczyk, J. 5 Budick, B. 4 Bøggild, H. 1 Chasman, C. 2 Christensen, C.H. 1 Christiansen, P. 1 Cibor, J. 6 Debbe, R. 2 Enger, E. 7 Gaardhøje, J.J. 1 Germinario, M. 1 Grotowski, K. 5 Hagel, K. 8 Hansen, O. 1 Holme, A.K. 7; Affiliation:  1: Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA  3: University of Bucharest, Romania  4: New York University, New York, USA  5: Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland  6: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland  7: Fysisk Institutt, University of Oslo, Blindern, Norway  8: Texas A&M University, College Station, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p80; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PIONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steinberg, Peter A.
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Baker, M.D.
AU  - Barton, D.S.
AU  - Betts, R.R.
AU  - Ballintijn, M.
AU  - Bickley, A.A.
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Budzanowski, A.
AU  - Busza, W.
AU  - Carroll, A.
AU  - Decowski, M.P.
AU  - García, E.
AU  - George, N.
AU  - Gulbrandsen, K.
AU  - Gushue, S.
AU  - Halliwell, C.
AU  - Hamblen, J.
AU  - Heintzelman, G.A.
AU  - Henderson, C.
T1  - Universal behavior of charged particle production in heavy ion collisions at RHIC energies
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The PHOBOS experiment at RHIC has measured the multiplicity of primary charged particles as a function of centrality and pseudorapidity in Au+Au collisions at <F>√SNN = 19.6, 130 and 200 GeV</F>. Two kinds of universal behavior are observed in charged particle production in heavy ion collisions. The first is that forward particle production, over a range of energies, follows a universal limiting curve with a non-trivial centrality dependence. The second arises from comparisons with <F>pp/<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">p</OVL>p</F> and e+e− data. <F>〈Nch〉/〈Npart/2〉</F> in nuclear collisions at high energy scales with <F>√s</F> in a similar way as <F>Nch</F> in e+e− collisions and has a very weak centrality dependence. This feature may be related to a reduction in the leading particle effect due to the multiple collisions suffered per participant in heavy ion collisions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CENTRALITY
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11967386; Steinberg, Peter A. 1 Back, B.B. 2 Baker, M.D. 1 Barton, D.S. 1 Betts, R.R. 3 Ballintijn, M. 4 Bickley, A.A. 5 Bindel, R. 5 Budzanowski, A. 6 Busza, W. 4 Carroll, A. 1 Decowski, M.P. 4 García, E. 3 George, N. 1,2 Gulbrandsen, K. 4 Gushue, S. 1 Halliwell, C. 3 Hamblen, J. 7 Heintzelman, G.A. 1 Henderson, C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  3: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA  4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  5: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  6: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland  7: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p83; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CENTRALITY; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, J.H.
T1  - Recent results from STAR
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Recent results from the STAR experiment are presented. The data indicate that nuclear matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions is hot, dense, and possibly opaque. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
N1  - Accession Number: 11967389; Thomas, J.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory B510A, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p95; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glenzinski, D.
T1  - Electroweak prospects for tevatron RunII
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The prospects of precision electroweak measurements from CDF and DO using RunII data is reviewed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC interactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11967425; Glenzinski, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Il. 60501-0500 U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p233; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC interactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kilgore, W.B.
T1  - Higgs boson production at hadron colliders
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
SN  - 09205632
AB  - I report on a calculation of the inclusive Higgs boson production cross section at hadron colliders at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD. The result is computed as an expansion about the threshold region. By continuing the expansion to very high order, we map the result onto basis functions and obtain the result in closed analytic form. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11967438; Kilgore, W.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Building 510A, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p282; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawson, S.
AU  - Orr, L.
AU  - Reina, L.
AU  - Wackeroth, D.
T1  - QCD corrections to associated <F>t<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">t</OVL>h</F> production at hadron collider
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 288
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We briefly present the status of QCD corrections to the inclusive total cross section for the production of a Higgs boson in association with a top-quark pair within the Standard Model at hadron colliders. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11967440; Dawson, S. 1 Orr, L. 2 Reina, L. 3 Wackeroth, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  3: Physics Department, Floriday State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  4: Department of Physics, SUNY at Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p288; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Proudfoot, James
T1  - QCD physics in atlas at the Large Hadron Collider
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The LHC will provide a unique opportunity to test the predictive power of QCD, probing regions in x and Q2 well beyond those studied to date. Almost any process one can think of will contribute to this understanding: from a measurement of the total cross section and inclusive cross sections of b''s, t''s, and W''s to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. In addition, a measurement of <F>αs(Et)</F> out to Et ∼3TeV with a precision of ∼10% should be possible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11967443; Proudfoot, James 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, High Energy Physics Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne Illinois, 60439 USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p297; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dittmann, J.R.
T1  - Photon and jet physics at the collider detector at fermilab
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We summarize recent Run 1 photon and jet measurements from <F>p<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">p</OVL></F> collisions at <F>√s = 0.63 TeV</F> and 1.8 TeV using data collected at the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). First Run 2 results at <F>√s = 1.96 TeV</F> are also presented together with predictions of the kinematic reach accesible with 15 fb−1 of Run 2 data. Data are compared to the predictions of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PHOTON beams
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11967446; Dittmann, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, M.S. 318, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL, 60510-0500, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p308; Subject Term: PHOTON beams; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gottschalk, Erik E.
AU  - Anjos, J.
AU  - Bediaga, I.
AU  - Gobel, C.
AU  - Magnin, J.
AU  - Massafferri, A.
AU  - de Miranda, J.M.
AU  - Pepe, I.M.
AU  - dos Reis, A.C.
AU  - Carrillo, S.
AU  - Casimiro, E.
AU  - Cuautle, E.
AU  - Sánchez-Hernández, A.
AU  - Uribe, C.
AU  - Vasquez, F.
AU  - Agostino, L.
AU  - Cinquini, L.
AU  - Cumalat, J.P.
AU  - O'Reilly, B.
AU  - Ramirez, J.E.
T1  - Correlations between <F>D</F> and <F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">D</OVL></F> mesons in high energy photoproduction
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 338
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Over 7000 events containing a fully reconstructed <F>D<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">D</OVL></F> pair have been extracted from data recorded by the FOCUS photoproduction experiment at Fermilab. Preliminary results from a study of correlations between <F>D</F> and <F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">D</OVL></F> mesons are presented. Correlations are used to study perturbative QCD predictions and investigate non-perturbative effects. We also present a preliminary result on the production of Ψ(3770). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - PARTICLE physics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11967454; Gottschalk, Erik E. 1 Anjos, J. 2 Bediaga, I. 2 Gobel, C. 2 Magnin, J. 2 Massafferri, A. 2 de Miranda, J.M. 2 Pepe, I.M. 2 dos Reis, A.C. 2 Carrillo, S. 3 Casimiro, E. 3 Cuautle, E. 3 Sánchez-Hernández, A. 3 Uribe, C. 3 Vasquez, F. 3 Agostino, L. 4 Cinquini, L. 4 Cumalat, J.P. 4 O'Reilly, B. 4 Ramirez, J.E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: CPBF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  3: CINVESTAV, México City, Mexico  4: CU Boulder, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p338; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: PARTICLE physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, Douglas M.
T1  - Measurement of sin2β with BABAR
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present updated results on time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in neutral <F>B</F> decays to several CP eigenstates containing charmonium. In the Standard Model, the amplitude of these asymmetries is proportional to sin2β. We measure sin2β = 0.741 ± 0.067 (stat) ± 0.034 (syst) from a data sample of about 88 million γ(4S) → <F>B<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">B</OVL></F> decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy <F>B</F> Factory at SLAC. We have also measured CP-violating asymmetries in open charm, and penguin modes sensitive to sin2β, which provide important consistency tests of the Standard Model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CHARMONIUM
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11967497; Wright, Douglas M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94566, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p507; Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cerri, A.
T1  - First CDF II heavy flavor physics results with the silicon vertex trigger
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The renewed CDF II experiment recently re-started data taking. The data collected lately already provides insight in the heavy flavor capabilities of this <F>p<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">p</OVL></F> experiment. As a benchmark of these possibilities we present two preliminary results: the measurement of the branching fractions <F>BR (D° → π+π−)</F> and <F>BR(D° → K+K−)</F> relative to <F>BR (D° → K±π±)</F> and the measurement of the invariant mass difference between <F>Ds± → φπ±, φ → K+K−</F> and <F>D± → φπ±, φ → K+K−</F> The preliminary results are <F>SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>BR(D0 → π+π−)</NU><DE>BR(D0 → π±pi;∓</DE></FR> = 3.37 ± 0.20 (stat) ± 0.16 (sys)%, SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>BR(D0 → K+K−)</NU><DE>BR(D0 → K±pi;∓</DE></FR> = 11.17 ± 0.48 (stat) ± 0.98 (sys)%</F> and <F>Δm (Ds − D+) = 99.28 ± 0.43 (stat) ± 0.27 (sys) MeV/c2</F>. All results are consistent with PDG expectations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11967502; Cerri, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron road, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p531; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simone, J.N.
AU  - Hashimoto, S.
AU  - Kronfeld, A.S.
AU  - Mackenzie, P.B.
AU  - Ryan, S.M.
T1  - The <F>B → D&ast;ℓν</F> form at Zero Recoil and the determination of &z.sfnc;<B>V</B>cb&z.sfnc;
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 558
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We described a model independent lattice QCD method for determining the zero recoil form factor, hA1 (1), for the semileptonic decay <F>B → D&ast;ℓν</F>. We find hA1 (1) = 0.913−0.017+0.024 ± 0.016−0.014−0.016−0.014+0.003+0.000+0.006, where uncertainties, respectively, are from statistics and fit procedures, matching of lattice theory to QCD, residual lattice spacing dependence, spectator quark mass effects and effects due to working in quenched lattice QCD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11967509; Simone, J.N. 1 Hashimoto, S. 2 Kronfeld, A.S. 1 Mackenzie, P.B. 1 Ryan, S.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan  3: Department of Applied Mathematics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p558; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Golovach, E.
AU  - Burkert, V.
AU  - Mokeev, V.
AU  - Ripani, M.
AU  - Anghinolfi, M.
AU  - Battaglieri, M.
AU  - Boluchevskii, A.
AU  - Fedotov, G.
AU  - De Vita, R.
AU  - Ishkhanov, B.
AU  - Osipenko, M.
AU  - Ricco, G.
AU  - Sapunenko, V.
AU  - Shvedunov, N.
AU  - Taiuti, M.
T1  - Measurement of high lying nucleon resonances and search for a missing state in double charged pion electroproduction off the proton
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 668
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We have analyzed data taken by the CLAS collaboration in double charged pion electroproduction off the proton. We have used an isobar model specifically developed for the analysis of the <F>Nππ</F> channel. This approach relates baryon resonance parameters to the experimental cross section, allowing the extraction of electromagnetic and some strong couplings from the fit to the data. A remarkable feature of the CLAS data is a resonance structure around 1.7 GeV which has not been seen in double pion photoproduction. The structure appears at all <F>Q2</F> values from 0.5 to 1.5 GeV2 and it can not be reproduced with conventional N&ast; parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIONS
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11967534; Golovach, E. 1 Burkert, V. 2 Mokeev, V. 1,3 Ripani, M. 4 Anghinolfi, M. 4 Battaglieri, M. 4 Boluchevskii, A. 5 Fedotov, G. 1 De Vita, R. 4 Ishkhanov, B. 1,5 Osipenko, M. 1,4 Ricco, G. 4 Sapunenko, V. 2 Shvedunov, N. 5 Taiuti, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Physics Institute, Moscow State University, Vorob'evy gory, 119992 Moscow, Russia  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  3: Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23602, USA  4: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via Dodecanneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy  5: Physics Department, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p668; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Connolly, A.
T1  - Search for MSSM Higgses at the Tevatron
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 746
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present an overview of searches for MSSM Higgs at the Tevatron, concentrating on searches probing the high tan β region. We discuss the search for <F>SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>A</NU><DE>H</DE></FR>→ττ</F> which is soon to be completed in the Run I data and review the new tau triggers implemented by CDF and D0 in Run II, which will greatly impact this analysis. We also present the results of a Run I search for <F>SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>A</NU><DE>Hbb</DE></FR>→bbbb</F> performed by CDF and highlight expected improvements in this channel by both experiments in Run II. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11967555; Connolly, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 50B-5239, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720 U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p746; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Orejudos, W.
T1  - Searches at the Tevatron
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 749
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Results of searches performed by CDF and D0 are presented. Most of the results are based on data taken during the 1994–1995 data taking period (Run I), but some preliminary results from the current data taking period (Run II) are included. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11967556; Orejudos, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 3 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, 94720 USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p749; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berger, Edmond L.
T1  - Light bottom squark phenomenology
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 753
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Agreement of theoretical calculations with the observed production rate of bottom quarks at hadron colliders is improved by the introduction of a contribution from pair-production of light gluinos, of mass 12 to 16 GeV, having two-body decays into bottom quarks and light bottom squarks with mass ≅2 to 5.5 GeV. Predictions are made for hadronic and radiative decays of the Upsilon states. In the limit of large tan β, the dominant decay mode of the light scalar Higgs boson is into a pair of light bottom squarks that materialize as jets of hadrons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - GLUONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11967557; Berger, Edmond L. 1; Affiliation:  1: High energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p753; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: GLUONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Söldner-Rembold, Stefan
T1  - Physics at a photon collider
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 815
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A Photon Collider will provide unique opportunities to study the SM Higgs boson and to determine its properties. MSSM Higgs bosons can be discovered at the Photon Collider for scenarios where they might escape detection at the LHC. As an example for the many other physics topics which can be studied at a Photon Collider, recent results on Non-Commutative Field Theories are also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11967575; Söldner-Rembold, Stefan 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, USA; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p815; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gounder, K.
T1  - The status of Run II at Fermilab
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 875
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The Run II at Fermilab is progressing steadily. In the Run IIa scheme, 36 antiproton bunches collide with 36 proton bunches at CDF and D0 interaction regions in the Tevatron at 980 GeV beam energy. The current status and performance of the Fermilab Accelerator Complex is reviewed. The plans for Run IIb along with the Antiproton Source upgrade and incorporation of the Recycler Ring in the accelerator chain are outlined. The prospects of achieving Run II integrated luminosity goal of 15 fb−1 are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11967589; Gounder, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Beams Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p875; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erbacher, R.D.
T1  - Calorimetry in CDF Run 2
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/02/Apr2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 117
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 903
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The integrated calorimetry environment of CDF Run 2 comprises the Run 1 sampling scintillator calorimeters, electromagnetic preshower and shower maximum detectors, new scintillating-fiber endplug detectors, radioactive source calibration systems, dedicated trigger paths, and new custom front-end electronics. Together they form a general-purpose calorimetry system which was successfully commissioned in 2000–2001. The initial performance is described here, along with a glimpse of first CDF Run 2 data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11967597; Erbacher, R.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, MS 318, Batavia, IL, U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 117 Issue 1-3, p903; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raufeisen, Jörg
T1  - Relating different approaches to nuclear broadening
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/04/03/
VL  - 557
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Transverse momentum broadening of fast partons propagating through a large nucleus is proportional to the average color field strength in the nucleus. In this work, the corresponding coefficient is determined in three different frameworks, namely, in the color dipole approach, in the approach of Baier et al. and in the higher twist factorization formalism. This result enables one to use a parametrization of the dipole cross section to estimate the values of the gluon transport coefficient and of the higher twist matrix element, which is relevant for nuclear broadening. A considerable energy dependence of these quantities is found. In addition, numerical calculations are compared to data for nuclear broadening of Drell–Yan dileptons, <f>J/ψ</f> and <f>&Upsi;</f> mesons. The scale dependence of the strong coupling constant leads to measurable differences between the higher twist approach and the other two formalisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - Dipole cross section
KW  - Higher twists
KW  - Nuclear broadening
N1  - Accession Number: 9289612; Raufeisen, Jörg 1; Email Address: jorgr@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 557 Issue 3/4, p184; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipole cross section; Author-Supplied Keyword: Higher twists; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear broadening; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00205-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheung, Yu-San
AU  - Ng, Cheuk-Yiu
AU  - Chiu, See-Wing
AU  - Li, Wai-Kee
T1  - Application of three-center-four-electron bonding for structural and stability predictions of main group hypervalent molecules: the fulfillment of octet shell rule
JO  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
JF  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
Y1  - 2003/04/04/
VL  - 623
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01661280
AB  - We show that the structures and stabilities of main group closed-shell hypervalent molecules with five and six valence electron pairs around the central atom can be satisfactorily rationalized using a three-center-four-electron (3c-4e) bonding scheme, together with the sp2- and sp-hybridizations, respectively. These bonding schemes eliminate the use of d-orbitals for the bonding description of the main group hypervalent species as required in the conventional sp3d- and sp3d2-hybridizations. The 3c-4e bonding schemes presented here are consistent with high-level ab initio calculations which show d-orbital participation in main group hypervalent molecules is insignificant, and are thus more correct than the sp3d- and sp3d2-hybridization schemes. An important conclusion based on the 3c-4e bonding schemes is that the central atom in these molecules, while seemingly in violation of the octet rule according to the electron-dot formula, actually fulfills the octet shell. The fulfillment of the octet electron shell for the central atom is achieved by discounting the non-bonding electrons which are localized at the ligands, and is interpreted as a factor in the stability of these closed-shell hypervalent molecules. To physically withhold the non-bonding electrons from being shared with the central atom, the electronegativity of the ligands must be significantly greater than that of the central atom. This minimizes the repulsive interactions between the non-bonding electron lobes and other bonded electron pairs. This conclusion is in accord with the experimental observation that nearly all stable main group hypervalent molecules have a central atom more electropositive than its ligands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - VALENCE (Chemistry)
KW  - Hypervalent compound
KW  - The octet rule
KW  - Three-center bonds
N1  - Accession Number: 9190929; Cheung, Yu-San 1 Ng, Cheuk-Yiu 1 Chiu, See-Wing 2 Li, Wai-Kee 3; Email Address: wkli@cuhk.edu.hk; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Beckman Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 623 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: VALENCE (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hypervalent compound; Author-Supplied Keyword: The octet rule; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-center bonds; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0166-1280(02)00589-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wheaton, V.
AU  - Majumdar, D.
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
AU  - Chauffe, L.
AU  - Allen, P.G.
T1  - A comparative theoretical study of uranyl silicate complexes
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/04/07/
VL  - 371
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Extensive ab initio calculations have been carried out to study the equilibrium structure, vibrational frequencies, and bonding characteristics of various uranyl (<f>UO22+</f>) and uranyl silicate complexes (<f>UO2SiO4H2</f> and <f>UO2Si2O7H4</f>). The geometry optimization and calculated vibrational frequencies are discussed and compared to experiment. We have found two types of bridged structures for uranyl silicates consistent with the EXAFS study of U(VI) sorption onto silica gel, which revealed two different bridged structures at different U loadings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METAL complexes
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 9342288; Wheaton, V. 1,2 Majumdar, D. 3 Balasubramanian, K. 3,4,5; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu Chauffe, L. 2 Allen, P.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: California State University, Hayward, Hayward, CA, USA  3: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  5: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 371 Issue 3/4, p349; Subject Term: METAL complexes; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00237-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, Zheng-Wei
AU  - Zhu, Hao-Guo
AU  - Zhang, Zong-Tao
AU  - Im, Hee-Jung
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Beach, David B.
AU  - Lowndes, Douglas H.
T1  - Hierarchically ordered carbon tubes
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/04/07/
VL  - 371
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Micropatterns of hierarchically ordered carbon tubes (i.e., ordered carbon microtubes composed of aligned carbon nanotubes) were grown on a film-like iron/silica substrate consisting of ring-like catalyst patterns. The substrates were prepared by a combined technique, in which the sol–gel method was used to prepare catalyst film and transmission electron microscope grids were used as a shadow mask. In comparison with other techniques that involve sophisticated lithography, this approach represents a simple and low-cost way to the micropatterning of aligned carbon nanotubes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
N1  - Accession Number: 9342307; Pan, Zheng-Wei 1 Zhu, Hao-Guo 1 Zhang, Zong-Tao 1 Im, Hee-Jung 1 Dai, Sheng 1; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov Beach, David B. 1 Lowndes, Douglas H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6201, USA  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6056, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 371 Issue 3/4, p433; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00298-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bossio
AU  - R. E.
AU  - Hudgins
AU  - R. R.
AU  - Marshall
AU  - A. G.
T1  - Gas Phase Photochemistry Can Distinguish Different Conformations of Unhydrated Photoaffinity-Labeled Peptide Ions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/04/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3284
EP  - 3289
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Peptides containing the chromophore, benzophenone (as the amino acid, 4-benzoyl-phenylalanine (Bpa)), have been synthesized to explore the feasibility of gas-phase photochemical cross-linking to investigate the conformations of unsolvated peptides. The main product of UV irradiation of a BP-containing peptide is CO2 loss from the peptide C terminus. To test whether decarboxylation results from hydrogen abstraction from acidic residues, we synthesized peptides designed to limit the contact between the Bpa and the peptide C terminus. Such contact is necessary for hydrogen abstraction. The peptide, Ac-Bpa-Ala10-Lys, forms an extended &agr;-helix in the gas phase, thus preventing the N-terminal Bpa from approaching the C terminus.1 In contrast, Ac-Bpa-Gly10-Lys is a flexible peptide that can adopt multiple “random globule” conformations in the gas phase, some of which could allow contact between the termini and thus photoinduced reaction. On simultaneous UV irradiation of a mixture of both electrosprayed gas-phase peptides in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance ion trap, the degree of decarboxylation is 50-fold less for the &agr;-helical alanine-based peptide than for the flexible glycine-based peptide. The results suggest that intimate contact between the photoexcited Bpa and the C terminus is necessary for decarboxylation, implicating hydrogen atom abstraction as the photochemical mechanism. These results establish the feasibility of probing gas-phase peptide/protein ion conformations by photochemistry of photoaffinity-labeled ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 20224812; Bossio R. E. 1 Hudgins R. R. 1 Marshall A. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-3706; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 14, p3284; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
AU  - Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J.
AU  - Jarell, Ann E.
AU  - Chandler, Darrell P.
T1  - Erratum to “Automated sample preparation method for suspension arrays using renewable surface separations with multiplexed flow cytometry fluorescence detection” [Analytica Chimica Acta 478 (2003) 85–98]
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/04/10/
VL  - 482
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 147
SN  - 00032670
N1  - Accession Number: 9341454; Grate, Jay W. 1; Email Address: jwgrate@pnl.gov Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J. 1 Jarell, Ann E. 2 Chandler, Darrell P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical and Physical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 482 Issue 1, p147; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00198-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheol Ho Choi
AU  - Gordon, Mark S.
T1  - Cycloaddition Reactions of Dienes on the SI(100)-2 × 1 Surface.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/04/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1205
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - Quantum mechanical methods were adopted to study the surface reaction mechanisms of 1, 3-cyclohexadiene and acrylonitrile on the Si(100)-2x1 surface. According to the computed potential energy surfaces, both ⌊4+2⌋ and ⌊2+2⌋ cycloaddition products resulting from the reactions of surface dimers are possible due to the negligible activation barriers at the surface. Isomerization reactions among the surface products are very unlikely due to the predicted large activation barriers preventing thermal redistributions of the surface products. As a result, the distribution of the final surface products is kinetically controlled leading to a reinterpretation of recent experiments. An intermediate Lewis acid-base type complex appears in both the ⌊4+2⌋ and ⌊2+2⌋ cycloadditions of acrylonitrile entrance channels, indicating that the surface may act as an electrophile/Lewis acid towards a strong Lewis base substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - RING formation (Chemistry)
KW  - REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 10712094; Cheol Ho Choi 1 Gordon, Mark S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, South Korea  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, USA; Source Info: 4/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 8/9, p1205; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: RING formation (Chemistry); Subject Term: REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Werner, James H.
AU  - Cai, Hong
AU  - Jett, James H.
AU  - Reha-Krantz, Linda
AU  - Keller, Richard A.
AU  - Goodwin, Peter M.
T1  - Progress towards single-molecule DNA sequencing: a one color demonstration
JO  - Journal of Biotechnology
JF  - Journal of Biotechnology
Y1  - 2003/04/10/
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01681656
AB  - Single molecules of fluorescently labeled nucleotides were detected during the cleavage of individual DNA fragments by a processive exonuclease. In these experiments, multiple (10–100) strands of DNA with tetramethyl rhodamine labeled dUMP (TMR-dUMP) incorporated into the sequence were anchored in flow upstream of the detection region of an ultra sensitive flow cytometer. A dilute solution of Exonuclease I passed over the microspheres. When an exonuclease attached to a strand, processive digestion of that strand began. The liberated, labeled bases flowed through the detection region and were detected at high efficiency at the single-molecule level by laser-induced fluorescence. The digestion of a single strand of DNA by a single exonuclease was discernable in these experiments. This result demonstrates the feasibility of single-molecule DNA sequencing. In addition, these experiments point to a new and practical means of arriving at a consensus sequence by individually reading out identical sequences on multiple fragments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biotechnology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - DNA sequencing
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Single-molecule detection
N1  - Accession Number: 9403190; Werner, James H. 1; Email Address: jwerner@lanl.gov Cai, Hong 1 Jett, James H. 1 Reha-Krantz, Linda 2 Keller, Richard A. 1 Goodwin, Peter M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6G 2E9; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 102 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA sequencing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-molecule detection; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-1656(03)00006-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Averbuch, Amir
AU  - Israeli, Moshe
AU  - Ravve, Igor
T1  - Electromigration of intergranular voids in metal films for microelectronic interconnects
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/04/10/
VL  - 186
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Voids and cracks often occur in the interconnect lines of microelectronic devices. They increase the resistance of the circuits and may even lead to a fatal failure. Voids may occur inside a single grain, but often they appear on the boundary between two grains. In this work, we model and analyze numerically the migration and evolution of an intergranular void subjected to surface diffusion forces and external voltage applied to the interconnect. The grain–void interface is considered one-dimensional, and the physical formulation of the electromigration and diffusion model results in two coupled fourth-order one-dimensional time-dependent PDEs. The boundary conditions are specified at the triple points, which are common to both neighboring grains and the void. The solution of these equations uses a finite difference scheme in space and a Runge–Kutta integration scheme in time, and is also coupled to the solution of a static Laplace equation describing the voltage distribution throughout the grain. Since the voltage distribution is required only along the interface line, the two-dimensional discretization of the grain interior is not needed, and the static problem is solved by the boundary element method at each time step. The motion of the intergranular void was studied for different ratios between the diffusion and the electric field forces, and for different initial configurations of the void. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRODIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 9344136; Averbuch, Amir 1; Email Address: amir@math.tau.ac.il Israeli, Moshe 2 Ravve, Igor 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel  2: Faculty of Computer Science, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel  3: Computing Science Department, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, University of California, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 186 Issue 2, p481; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRODIFFUSION; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00070-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9344136&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, You-Kee
AU  - Kim, Jung-Yeul
AU  - Lee, Young-Ki
AU  - Kim, Insoo
AU  - Moon, Hee-Soo
AU  - Park, Jong-Wan
AU  - Jacobson, Craig P.
AU  - Visco, Steven J.
T1  - Conditioning effects on La1−xSrxMnO3-yttria stabilized zirconia electrodes for thin-film solid oxide fuel cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/04/10/
VL  - 115
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Composite cathodes of 50/50 vol.% La1−xSrxMnO3-yttria stabilized zirconia (LSM-YSZ) were deposited onto dense YSZ electrolytes by colloidal deposition technique. The cathode characteristics were then examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and studied by ac impedance spectroscopy (IS). Conditioning effects of the LSM-YSZ cathodes were seen, and remedies for these effects were proposed for improving the performance of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). LSM surface contamination and modification, cathode bonding to the YSZ electrolyte, changing Pt electrode and bonding paste, and curvature of sintered YSZ electrolytes led to some changes in microstructure and variability in cell performances. Much of the variability could be eliminated by using only one batch of Pt paste, using flat and sanded YSZ plates as well as consistent processing procedures. Reproducible impedance spectra were obtained by using the improved cell configurations. Typical IS spectra measured for an (air) LSM-YSZ/YSZ/LSM-YSZ (air) cell at 900 °C showed two depressed arcs. The impedance characteristics of the LSM-YSZ cathodes were also affected by experimental conditions such as surface modification of the LSM by Ni or Sr, cathode compositions and applied current. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - Colloidal deposition technique
KW  - Composite cathodes
KW  - Conditioning effects
KW  - Impedance characteristics
N1  - Accession Number: 9341797; Lee, You-Kee 1; Email Address: leeyk@mail.uiduk.ac.kr Kim, Jung-Yeul 1 Lee, Young-Ki 1 Kim, Insoo 2 Moon, Hee-Soo 3 Park, Jong-Wan 3 Jacobson, Craig P. 4 Visco, Steven J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Division of Information and Communication Engineering, Science and Engineering Research Institute (SERI), Uiduk University, Kyongju 780-713, South Korea  2: Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Dong-A University, Pusan 604-714, South Korea  3: Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea  4: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 115 Issue 2, p219; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colloidal deposition technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite cathodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conditioning effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance characteristics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00727-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Heli
AU  - Sweikart, Mary Ann
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Stainless steel as bipolar plate material for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/04/10/
VL  - 115
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Due to their low cost, high strength, ease of machining and shaping into thin sheets, as well as their corrosion resistance, stainless steels are considered to be good candidates for bipolar plate materials for the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). We have tested several stainless steels in simulated PEMFC environments for application as bipolar plates. The results showed that the chromium content in the steel alloys has an important influence on the anodic behavior. The interfacial contact resistance of the carbon paper/stainless steel interface has been evaluated. Both tests show that 349™ is the best candidate for this application. When 349™ stainless steel was polarized in simulated PEMFC environments, it was found that stable passive films formed within 30 min. The interfacial contact resistance between the carbon paper and stainless steel increased due to the formation of the passive film. However, as soon as a stable passive film is formed, the interfacial contact resistance stabilized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - Bipolar plate
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Passive film
KW  - Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
KW  - Stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 9341799; Wang, Heli 1 Sweikart, Mary Ann 1 Turner, John A.; Email Address: john_turner@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 115 Issue 2, p243; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bipolar plate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passive film; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00023-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steiner, Herbert
T1  - Thomas Ypsilantis—The early years
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/11/
VL  - 502
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01689002
N1  - Accession Number: 9613727; Steiner, Herbert 1; Email Address: steiner@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 1, p1; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02148-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, H.E.
T1  - The HERMES dual-radiator RICH detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/11/
VL  - 502
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The HERMES experiment emphasizes measurements of semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering. Most of the hadrons produced lie between 2 and <f>10 GeV</f>, a region in which it had not previously been feasible to separate pions, kaons, and protons with standard particle identification (PID) techniques. The recent development of new clear, large, homogeneous and hydrophobic silica aerogel material with a low index of refraction offered the means to apply RICH PID techniques to this difficult momentum region. The HERMES instrument uses two radiators, <f>C4F10</f>, a heavy fluorocarbon gas, and a wall of silica aerogel tiles. A lightweight spherical mirror constructed using a newly perfected technique to make resin-coated carbon-fiber surfaces of optical quality provides optical focusing on a photon detector consisting of 1934 photomultiplier tubes (PMT) for each detector half. The PMT array is held in a soft steel matrix to provide shielding against the residual field of the main spectrometer magnet. Ring reconstruction is accomplished with pattern recognition techniques based on a combination of inverse and direct ray tracing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - CHERENKOV counters
KW  - PHOTON detectors
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - HERMES spectrometer
KW  - Particle identification
KW  - Ring imaging Cherenkov counter
N1  - Accession Number: 9613733; Jackson, H.E. 1; Email Address: hal@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 1, p36; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: CHERENKOV counters; Subject Term: PHOTON detectors; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: HERMES spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ring imaging Cherenkov counter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02154-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Engelfried, J.
AU  - Cooper, P.S.
AU  - Morelos, A.
AU  - Torres, I.
T1  - Two RICH detectors as velocity spectrometers in the CKM experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/11/
VL  - 502
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present the design of two velocity spectrometers, to be used in the recently approved CKM experiment. CKM's main goal is the measurement of the branching ratio of <f>K+→π+νν¯</f> with a precision of 10%, via decays in flight of the <f>K+</f>. The design of both RICH detectors is based on the SELEX Phototube RICH. We will discuss the design and the expected performance based on studies with SELEX data and Monte Carlo simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - CHERENKOV counters
KW  - PHOTOELECTRIC cells
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CKM matrix
KW  - Phototubes
KW  - Rare kaon decay
KW  - RICH detector
N1  - Accession Number: 9613738; Engelfried, J. 1; Email Address: jurgen@ifisica.uaslp.mx Cooper, P.S. 2 Morelos, A. 1 Torres, I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 1, p62; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: CHERENKOV counters; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRIC cells; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: CKM matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phototubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare kaon decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: RICH detector; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)02159-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aidala, C.
AU  - Azmoun, B.
AU  - Fraenkel, Z.
AU  - Hemmick, T.
AU  - Khachaturov, B.
AU  - Kozlov, A.
AU  - Milov, A.
AU  - Ravinovich, I.
AU  - Tserruya, I.
AU  - Stoll, S.
AU  - Woody, C.
AU  - Zhou, S.
T1  - A Hadron Blind Detector for PHENIX
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/11/
VL  - 502
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A Hadron Blind Detector (HBD) is proposed as upgrade of the PHENIX detector at RHIC, BNL. The HBD will allow the measurement of low-mass <f>e+e−</f> pairs from the decay of the light vector mesons <f>ρ,ω,φ</f> and the low-mass continuum- in Au–Au collisions at <f>√ of <RCD>s<rm>NN</rm></RCD>=200 GeV</f>. From general considerations, the HBD has to identify electrons with a high efficiency <f>(>90%)</f> and with a double hit resolution better than 90%, it must have a pion rejection factor of at least 200 and a radiation budget of the order of 1% of a radiation length. The choice that emerges is a windowless Cherenkov detector, operated with a <f>CF4</f> based gas mixture in a special proximity focus configuration with a CsI cathode evaporated on GEMs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CHERENKOV counters
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CF<f>4</f>
KW  - CsI photocathode
KW  - Gas electron multipliers
KW  - Hadron Blind Detector
KW  - Particle detection
N1  - Accession Number: 9613765; Aidala, C. 1 Azmoun, B. 2 Fraenkel, Z. 3 Hemmick, T. 2 Khachaturov, B. 3 Kozlov, A. 3; Email Address: alex.kozlov@weizmann.ac.il Milov, A. 3 Ravinovich, I. 3 Tserruya, I. 3 Stoll, S. 1 Woody, C. 1 Zhou, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11974, USA  3: Weizmann Intitute, Rehovot, Israel; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 1, p200; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CHERENKOV counters; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CF<f>4</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: CsI photocathode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas electron multipliers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hadron Blind Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle detection; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00274-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9613765&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Engelfried, J.
AU  - Filimonov, I.S.
AU  - Kilmer, J.
AU  - Kozhevnikov, A.P.
AU  - Kubarovsky, V.P.
AU  - Molchanov, V.V.
AU  - Nemitkin, A.V.
AU  - Ramberg, E.
AU  - Rud, V.I.
AU  - Stutte, L.
T1  - SELEX RICH performance and physics results
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/11/
VL  - 502
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 01689002
AB  - SELEX took data in the 1996/1997 Fixed Target Run at Fermilab. The excellent performance parameters of the SELEX RICH Detector had direct influence on the quality of the obtained physics results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHERENKOV counters
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
KW  - 14.20.Lq
KW  - Charmed baryons
KW  - Phototubes
KW  - RICH detector
N1  - Accession Number: 9613786; Engelfried, J. 1,2; Email Address: jurgen@ifisica.uaslp.mx Filimonov, I.S. 3 Kilmer, J. 1 Kozhevnikov, A.P. 4 Kubarovsky, V.P. 4 Molchanov, V.V. 4 Nemitkin, A.V. 3 Ramberg, E. 1 Rud, V.I. 3 Stutte, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA  2: Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia  3: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia  4: Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 1, p285; Subject Term: CHERENKOV counters; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.20.Lq; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charmed baryons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phototubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: RICH detector; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00289-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9613786&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asthagiri, D.
AU  - Pratt, Lawrence R.
T1  - Quasi-chemical study of <f>Be2+</f>(aq) speciation
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/04/14/
VL  - 371
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 613
SN  - 00092614
AB  - <f>Be2+(aq)</f> hydrolysis can to lead to the formation of multi-beryllium clusters, but the thermodynamics of this process has not been resolved theoretically. We study the hydration state of an isolated <f>Be2+</f> ion using both the quasi-chemical theory of solutions and ab initio molecular dynamics. These studies confirm that <f>Be2+(aq)</f> is tetra-hydrated. The quasi-chemical approach is then applied to then the deprotonation of <f>Be(H2O)42+</f> to give <f>BeOH(H2O)3+</f>. The calculated <f>pKa</f> of 3.8 is in good agreement with the experimentally suggested value around 3.5. The calculated energetics for the formation of [<f>Be·OH·Be]3+</f> are then obtained in fair agreement with experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 9403596; Asthagiri, D. 1 Pratt, Lawrence R.; Email Address: lrp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 371 Issue 5/6, p613; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00227-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agnew, S.R.
AU  - Tomé, C.N.
AU  - Brown, D.W.
AU  - Holden, T.M.
AU  - Vogel, S.C.
T1  - Study of slip mechanisms in a magnesium alloy by neutron diffraction and modeling
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/04/14/
VL  - 48
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1003
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Internal strains within a polycrystalline magnesium alloy plate have been measured during tensile and compression testing in situ by neutron diffraction. Using an elasto-plastic self-consistent simulation code, information about the operation of slip and mechanical twinning modes as a function of strain has been obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - STRAIN theory (Chemistry)
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Elasto-plastic self-consistent
KW  - Internal strain
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - Twinning
N1  - Accession Number: 9142781; Agnew, S.R. 1 Tomé, C.N. 2; Email Address: tome@lanl.gov Brown, D.W. 2 Holden, T.M. 2 Vogel, S.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA  2: Materials Science and Technical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 48 Issue 8, p1003; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: STRAIN theory (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elasto-plastic self-consistent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twinning; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00591-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arena, Matteo P.
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
AU  - Fritz, James S.
T1  - Rapid, low level determination of silver(I) in drinking water by colorimetric–solid-phase extraction
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 482
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00032670
AB  - A rapid, highly sensitive two-step procedure for the trace analysis of silver(I) is described. The method is based on: (1) the solid-phase extraction (SPE) of silver(I) from a water sample onto a disk impregnated with a silver-selective colorimetric reagent, and (2) the determination of the amount of complexed analyte extracted by the disk by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). This method, called colorimetric–solid-phase extraction (C–SPE), was recently shown effective in determining low concentrations (0.1–5.0 mg/ml) of iodine and iodide in drinking water. This report extends C–SPE to the trace (∼4 μg/l) level monitoring of silver(I) which is a biocide used on the International Space Station (ISS). The determination relies on the manually driven passage of a water sample through a polystyrene–divinylbenzene disk that has been impregnated with the colorimetric reagent 5-(p-dimethylaminobenzylidene) rhodanine (DMABR) and with an additive such as a semi-volatile alcohol (1,2-decanediol) or nonionic surfactant (Brij 30). The amount of concentrated silver(I) is then determined in a few seconds by using a hand-held diffuse reflectance spectrometer, with a total sample workup and readout time of ∼60 s. Importantly, the additive induces the uptake of water by the disk, which creates a local environment conducive to silver(I) complexation at an extremely high concentration factor (∼800). There is no detectable reaction between silver(I) and impregnated DMABR in the absence of the additive. This strategy represents an intriguing new dimension for C–SPE in which additives, directly loaded in the disk material, provide a means to manipulate the reactivity of the impregnated reagent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLORIMETRIC analysis
KW  - SOLID-phase analysis
KW  - 5-(p-Dimethylaminobenzylidene) rhodanine
KW  - Colorimetric–solid-phase extraction
KW  - Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9497821; Arena, Matteo P. 1 Porter, Marc D. 1 Fritz, James S.; Email Address: kniss@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Microanalytical Instrumentation Center, Ames Laboratory–US Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 482 Issue 2, p197; Subject Term: COLORIMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: SOLID-phase analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5-(p-Dimethylaminobenzylidene) rhodanine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colorimetric–solid-phase extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00173-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teghil, R.
AU  - D’Alessio, L.
AU  - Santagata, A.
AU  - Zaccagnino, M.
AU  - Ferro, D.
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
T1  - Picosecond and femtosecond pulsed laser ablation and deposition of quasicrystals
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 210
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
SN  - 01694332
AB  - A Nd:glass laser with pulse duration of 250 fs and 1.3 ps has been used to evaporate a Al65Cu23Fe12 quasicrystalline target. The gaseous phase obtained from the ablation process has been characterised by several techniques such as emission spectroscopy, quadrupole mass spectrometry and ICCD imaging, used to study the plume composition, energy and morphology. The results show that the ablation processes in the short-pulse regimes are very different to the nanosecond one. In particular the plume angular distribution shows a characteristic high cosine exponent and the composition is completely stoichiometric and independent from the laser fluence. Furthermore the mass spectra indicate the presence of clusters, both neutral and ionised and the emission from the target suggest a rapid thermalisation leading to the melting of the surface. To clarify the ablation process some films have been deposited, on oriented silicon, at different experimental conditions and analysed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction. The analyses show the presence of nanostructured films retaining the target stoichiometry but consisting of different crystalline and non crystalline phases. In particular the nanostructure supports the hypothesis of the melting of the target during the ablation and a mechanism of material ejection is proposed for both picosecond and femtosecond regimes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Quasicrystals
KW  - Ultrashort laser pulses
N1  - Accession Number: 9403410; Teghil, R. 1; Email Address: teghil@unibas.it D’Alessio, L. 1 Santagata, A. 1,2 Zaccagnino, M. 1 Ferro, D. 3 Sordelet, D.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Chimica, Università della Basilicata, Via N. Sauro 85, Potenza 85100, Italy  2: CNR Istituto Meccanismi Inorganici e Plasmi, Sez. Potenza, Tito Scalo, Italy  3: CNR Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Sez. Roma1, Roma, Italy  4: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 210 Issue 3/4, p307; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasicrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrashort laser pulses; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00082-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ericksen, J.A.
AU  - Gustin, M.S.
AU  - Schorran, D.E.
AU  - Johnson, D.W.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
AU  - Coleman, J.S.
T1  - Accumulation of atmospheric mercury in forest foliage
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1613
SN  - 13522310
AB  - We used unique mesocosms to examine the role that plants play in accumulating and transforming atmospheric Hg. Several stands of quaking aspen were grown in large gas-exchange chambers in Hg-enriched soil (12.3±1.3 μg g−1), and the Hg content in the vegetation was determined over time. Foliar Hg concentrations increased as a function of leaf age and leveled off after 2–3 months in the oldest tissue with a mean tissue concentration of 150 ng g−1. Approximately 80% of the total Hg accumulated in the aboveground biomass was found in the leaves, and roughly 1% of that Hg was methylated. Leaves of additional aspen grown within the mesocosms in containers of low Hg soil (0.03±0.01 μg g−1) exhibited foliar Hg concentrations similar to those of trees grown in the Hg-enriched soil. Leaf rinses and surrogate Teflon surfaces were analyzed to characterize surface deposition processes. Small gas-exchange systems were used to measure stomatal uptake of Hg vapor, and the mean Hg flux was −3.3 ng m−2 h−1. These experiments showed that almost all of the Hg in foliar tissue originated from the atmosphere. Thus, in the fall when deciduous trees enter dormancy and leaves senesce, litterfall would represent a new Hg input to terrestrial ecosystems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC mercury
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Global cycling
KW  - Plants
KW  - Sinks
KW  - Uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 9288032; Ericksen, J.A. 1 Gustin, M.S. 1; Email Address: msg@unr.nevada.edu Schorran, D.E. 2 Johnson, D.W. 1 Lindberg, S.E. 3 Coleman, J.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Resource and Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, Mail Stop 370, Reno, NV 89557, USA  2: Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 12, p1613; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC mercury; Subject Term: PLANTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sinks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uptake; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00008-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romanek, Christopher S.
AU  - Zhang, Chuanlun L.
AU  - Li, Yiliang
AU  - Horita, Juske
AU  - Vali, H.
AU  - Cole, David R.
AU  - Phelps, Tommy J.
T1  - Carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionations associated with dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 195
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN-32 and Shewanella algae strain BrY were grown in laboratory cultures at 30 °C to characterize carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation patterns related to the growth of iron-reducing bacteria. Ferric citrate or hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) was provided as the electron acceptor and lactate or H2 (balanced with CO2) was used as the electron donor. Because these bacteria are not known to grow chemoautotrophically, yeast extract was provided as a carbon source when cultures were grown on H2/CO2.Siderite formed only when HFO was used as the electron acceptor, possibly because of chelation of ferrous iron with dissolved citrate when ferric citrate was used as the electron acceptor. Carbon isotope enrichment factors for the siderite–CO2 system (&epsiv;sid-CO2) ranged from 13.3‰ to 14.5‰ when lactate was used as the carbon and energy source, which were consistent with theoretical calculations of equilibrium isotope fractionation (αsid-CO2) for the siderite–CO2 system [Geochim. Int. 18 (1981) 85]. In experiments using H2/CO2 as the energy source and yeast extract as the carbon source, carbon isotope enrichment factors were relatively low (0.5‰ to 7.4‰). The potential exists that a kinetic effect related to siderite precipitation rate influenced isotope partitioning or a dynamic balance was established between carbon sinks (i.e. biomass and solid carbonate) of diverging carbon isotope composition. A more quantitative estimate of &epsiv;sid-CO2 for biological systems that contain ambient dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) requires a deeper understanding of carbon flow dynamics in these compartmentalized closed systems.Finally, in experiments using H2/CO2 as an energy source, the hydrogen isotope composition of head gas H2 and water were analyzed for D/H ratio. The results indicate that bacterial metabolism potentially facilitates isotope exchange between water and H2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - SHEWANELLA putrefaciens
KW  - FERRIC oxide
KW  - Biogenic siderite
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - Hydrogen isotopes
KW  - Iron-reducing bacteria
N1  - Accession Number: 9402888; Romanek, Christopher S. 1; Email Address: romanek@srel.edu Zhang, Chuanlun L. 2 Li, Yiliang 2 Horita, Juske 3 Vali, H. 4 Cole, David R. 3 Phelps, Tommy J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA  2: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri, 101 Geological Sciences Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA  3: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, 3450 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2C7  5: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 195 Issue 1-4, p5; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: SHEWANELLA putrefaciens; Subject Term: FERRIC oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogenic siderite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron-reducing bacteria; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00385-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Krakauer, D.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Romeo, G. Cara
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
AU  - Contin, A.
AU  - Corradi, M.
T1  - Measurement of event shapes in deep inelastic scattering at HERA.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 545
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Inclusive event-shape variables have been measured in the current region of the Breit frame for neutral current deep inelastic ep scattering using an integrated luminosity of 45.0 pb-1 collected with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The variables studied included thrust, jet broadening and invariant jet mass. The kinematic range covered was 10 < Q2 < 20 480 GeV² and 6 × 10-4 < χ < 0.6, where Q2 is the virtuality of the exchanged boson and χ is the Bjorken variable. The Q dependence of the shape variables has been used in conjunction with NLO perturbative calculations and the Dokshitzer-Webber non-perturbative corrections (`power corrections') to investigate the validity of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 15179655; Chekanov, S. 1 Krakauer, D. 1 Loizides, J.H. 1 Magill, S. 1 Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R. 1 Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Antonioli, P. 3 Bari, G. 3 Basile, M. 3 Bellagamba, L. 3 Boscherini, D. 3 Bruni, A. 3 Bruni, G. 3 Romeo, G. Cara 3 Cifarelli, L. 3 Cindolo, F. 3 Contin, A. 3 Corradi, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4815, USA  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104-0380  3: University and INFN Bologna, Bologna, Itay; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p531; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2003-01148-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turn, Scott Q.
AU  - Kinoshita, Charles M.
AU  - Jakeway, Lee A.
AU  - Jenkins, Bryan M.
AU  - Baxter, Larry L.
AU  - Wu, Ben C.
AU  - Blevins, Linda G.
T1  - Fuel characteristics of processed, high-fiber sugarcane
JO  - Fuel Processing Technology
JF  - Fuel Processing Technology
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 03783820
AB  - A study of treatment methods to improve the fuel characteristics of sugarcane variety B52298 was conducted. Two parent materials, whole cane (WC) and stripped cane (SC), were included in the study. The whole cane material was subjected to three treatments: (1) no treatment, WC-U; (2) a single milling, WC-M; and (3) an initial milling followed by leaching and a secondary milling, WC-MLM. Treatments (1) through (3) are in order of increasing severity. The stripped cane material was subjected to treatment (3) and designated as SC-MLM.Regardless of parent material, milling produced moisture contents of ∼50% wet basis and fiber bulk densities of ∼97 kg m−3 in the treated fuels and produced a shift in particle distributions toward smaller sizes. Geometric mean diameters (by weight) of the WC-U, WC-M, WC-MLM, and SC-MLM materials were 2.3, 1.8, 1.3, and 1.3 mm, respectively.Ash generated from the fuel was reduced by roughly 1% (absolute) for each milling operation, resulting in reductions of ∼2% for the WC-MLM and SC-MLM treatments. Ash reduction was primarily due to the removal of K, Cl, and S by the treatment operations. Ash removal, in addition to reductions in the O content of the treated fuels, contributed to an increase in the energy content of the fuels from ∼17.6 MJ kg−1 in the parent materials to 18.4 and 19.2 MJ kg−1 for the WC-MLM and SC-MLM treatments, respectively.K, Cl, S, and N concentrations were all reduced in the fuel by the treatments. K comprised ∼1.3% of the parent materials and Cl accounted for 0.65% and 0.83% of dry matter for the whole cane and stripped cane parent materials, respectively. Reductions in K concentration relative to the parent materials for the WC-M, WC-MLM, and SC-MLM treatments were 50%, 86%, and 91%, respectively. Cl was reduced 62% by the WC-M treatment relative to the unprocessed whole cane, and removal was essentially complete for the two leached treatments. Sulfur in the two parent materials accounted for ∼0.22% of plant dry matter. Compared to the parent materials, the WC-M, WC-MLM, and SC-MLM treatments removed 36%, 82%, and 86% of the S, respectively. Nitrogen concentrations in the stripped cane and whole cane parent materials were 0.48% and 0.37%, respectively. Nitrogen reduction by the WC-M, WC-MLM, and SC-MLM treatments was 12%, 27%, and 57%, respectively.Ash deformation temperatures (oxidizing atmosphere) increased in the treated fuels compared to parent materials. Ash from the WC-MLM treatment did not attain the initial stage of deformation at the maximum test temperature, 1482 °C. Ash of the WC-M and SC-MLM treatments became fluid at ∼1350 °C. Experimentally determined fluid temperatures for the more severely treated fuels compared well with values predicted by a ternary phase diagram for the SiO2–K2O–CaO system.Slagging and fouling indices were computed for each of the fuel treatments. Values for WC-U and WC-M exceeded a benchmark of 0.34 kg (K2O+Na2O) GJ−1 and would be expected to cause ash deposition in boiler use. Values for the WC-MLM and SC-MLM treatments were 0.13 and 0.08 kg (K2O+Na2O) GJ−1, respectively, and are good candidates for boiler fuels. Concomitant reductions in S and Cl for these two fuels further reduce the likelihood of ash deposition, as well as improve environmental performance by reducing criteria and acid gas pollutant emissions.Mass balances for K and Cl were conducted for the treatment operations. Closure for the balances ranged from 112% to 122% over all treatments, and was viewed as validating the consistency of the results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - SUGARCANE
KW  - Alkali
KW  - Ash deformation
KW  - Bagasse
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Bulk density
KW  - Fouling
KW  - Fuel processing
KW  - High-fiber cane
KW  - Slagging
KW  - Sugarcane
N1  - Accession Number: 9497831; Turn, Scott Q. 1; Email Address: sturn@hawaii.edu Kinoshita, Charles M. 1 Jakeway, Lee A. 2 Jenkins, Bryan M. 3 Baxter, Larry L. 4 Wu, Ben C. 4 Blevins, Linda G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, University of Hawaii, 1680 East-West Road, Post 109, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA  2: Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Company, 1 Hansen Road, Puunene, HI 96784, USA  3: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, One Shields Avenue, 2030 Bainer Hall, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9052, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: SUGARCANE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkali; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ash deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bagasse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulk density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fouling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-fiber cane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slagging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sugarcane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311310 Sugar manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111930 Sugarcane Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311314 Cane Sugar Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-3820(02)00252-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ptak, A.J.
AU  - Johnston, S.W.
AU  - Kurtz, Sarah
AU  - Friedman, D.J.
AU  - Metzger, W.K.
T1  - A comparison of MBE- and MOCVD-grown GaInNAs
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 251
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
SN  - 00220248
AB  - We have been able to discount three point defects as the factor limiting GaInNAs material quality by comparing samples grown by two different growth techniques. Samples with vastly different concentrations of hydrogen and carbon have very similar properties in terms of deep levels, mobilities, and minority-carrier lifetimes. In addition, growth of hydrogen-free samples and corresponding measurements of vacancies provide strong evidence that gallium vacancies have an effect, but are not a limiting defect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - A1. Impurities
KW  - A1. Point defects
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - A3. Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - B1. Nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 9440949; Ptak, A.J.; Email Address: aaron_ptak@nrel.gov Johnston, S.W. 1 Kurtz, Sarah 1 Friedman, D.J. 1 Metzger, W.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Nation Center for Photovoltaics, 1617 Cole Blvd., MS 3212, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 251 Issue 1-4, p392; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Point defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Nitrides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)02201-7
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gambin, Vincent
AU  - Lordi, Vincenzo
AU  - Ha, Wonill
AU  - Wistey, Mark
AU  - Takizawa, Toshiyuki
AU  - Uno, Kazuyuki
AU  - Friedrich, Stephan
AU  - Harris, James
T1  - Structural changes on annealing of MBE grown (Ga, In)(N, As) as measured by X-ray absorption fine structure
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 251
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 408
SN  - 00220248
AB  - GaInNAs grown on GaAs has recently been found to optically emit at wavelengths longer than previously possible with material grown epitaxially on GaAs substrates. To improve radiative efficiency, material is annealed after growth, after which the band gap is found to significantly blueshift. Structural changes that occur during this annealing process were studied using fluorescent X-ray absorption fine structure. By comparing the absorption data with lattice parameter and band structure simulations, it was found that the number of In atoms surrounding N atoms increased after the high-temperature annealing. According to ab initio simulations this ordering will increase the band gap of the GaInNAs alloy. We believe the reduction of free energy drives the reordering process towards increasing In–N coordination. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - A1. Crystal structure
KW  - A1. X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - A3. Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - B2. Semiconducting III–V materials
N1  - Accession Number: 9440961; Gambin, Vincent 1 Lordi, Vincenzo 1 Ha, Wonill 1 Wistey, Mark 1 Takizawa, Toshiyuki 2 Uno, Kazuyuki 3 Friedrich, Stephan 4 Harris, James 1; Email Address: harris@snowmass.stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Solid State and Photonics Laboratory, Stanford University, CIS-X 328, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  2: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan  3: Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 251 Issue 1-4, p408; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. X-ray absorption fine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting III–V materials; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)02194-2
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrovic, C.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Strand, J.D.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Anisotropic properties of rare earth silver dibismites
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 261
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 210
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We report measurements of structural, magnetic, thermal and transport properties of the newly synthesized rare earth silver dibismite series RAgBi2 (R=La–Nd, Sm, Gd), grown via self-flux method. All of the compounds are metals, and those with magnetic ions exhibit long-range magnetic order at low temperatures, with the exception of PrAgBi2. For the lightest rare earths the samples are of extremely high quality. For LaAgBi2 de Haas van Alphen oscillations are found in remarkably small fields and high temperatures. The magnetic ground states for compounds that order magnetically appear to be antiferromagnetic, but with less local moment anisotropy than that seen in RBi2. Anisotropic metamagnetism is observed for CeAgBi2; however, no large magnetoresistance was observed in any of RAgBi2, as opposed to either the RAgSb2 or RSb2 series. Magnetic ordering temperatures scale poorly with de Gennes scaling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - SILVER
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - MAGNETIC ions
KW  - Crystal growth
KW  - Magnetic anisotropy
KW  - Rare earth silver dibismites
N1  - Accession Number: 10903889; Petrovic, C.; Email Address: petrovic@bnl.gov Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Strand, J.D. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IO 50011, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 261 Issue 1/2, p210; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: MAGNETIC ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth silver dibismites; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)01476-2
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Digeos, A. A.
AU  - Valdez, J. A.
AU  - Sickafus, K. E.
AU  - Atiq, S.
AU  - Grimes, R. W.
AU  - Boccaccini, A. R.
T1  - Glass matrix/pyrochlore phase composites for nuclear wastes encapsulation.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1597
EP  - 1604
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Novel composite materials have been developed as alternative forms to immobilise nuclear solid waste. These composites are made of a lead-containing glass matrix, into which particles of lanthanum zirconate pyrochlore are embedded in 10 and 30 vol% concentrations. The fabrication involves powder mixing, pressing and pressureless sintering. The processing conditions were investigated with the aim of achieving the highest possible density. The best composites obtained showed a good distribution of the lanthanum zirconate particles in the glass matrix, strong bonding of the particles to the matrix and relatively low porosity (<10%). The best sintering temperature was 600°C for the 10 vol% composite and 650°C for 30 vol%. Sintering was carried out for an hour and a heating rate of 10°C · min-1 was shown to be superior to a heating rate of 2°C · min-1. At the relatively low sintering temperatures used, the pyrochlore crystalline structure of lanthanum zirconate, relevant for containment of radioactive nuclei, was stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUSTRIAL wastes
KW  - LEAD
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - HEATING
N1  - Accession Number: 16623005; Digeos, A. A. 1 Valdez, J. A. 2 Sickafus, K. E. 2 Atiq, S. 1 Grimes, R. W. 1 Boccaccini, A. R. 1; Email Address: a.boccaccini@ic.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Imperial College, London SW7 2BP, UK  2: MS-G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p1597; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL wastes; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: HEATING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsueh, C. H.
AU  - Yanaka, M.
T1  - Multiple film cracking in film/substrate systems with residual stresses and unidirectional loading.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1809
EP  - 1817
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Multiple film cracking in film/substrate systems is analyzed in the present study. Specifically, the experimental measurements of multiple cracking of SiOx films of various thicknesses on polyethylene terephthalate substrates are analyzed. The system is subjected to both residual stresses and unidirectional tensile loading. Considering a three- dimensional geometry, an analytical model is developed to derive the stress distribution in the system, and the film-cracking problem is analyzed using both the strength and the energy criteria. Compared to the strength criterion, the energy criterion shows better agreement with the measurements of the crack density versus applied strain relation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - DENSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 16622977; Hsueh, C. H. 1 Yanaka, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Toppan Technical Research Institute, Sugito-machi, Kitakatsushika-gun, Saitama 345-8508, Japan; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p1809; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: DENSITY; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xomeritakis, G.
AU  - Naik, S.
AU  - Braunbarth, C.M.
AU  - Cornelius, C.J.
AU  - Pardey, R.
AU  - Brinker, C.J.
T1  - Organic-templated silica membranes: I. Gas and vapor transport properties
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 215
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 03767388
AB  - A novel and efficient method for molecular engineering of the pore size and porosity of microporous sol–gel silica membranes is demonstrated in this communication. By adding a suitable organic template (e.g. tetraethyl- or tetrapropylammonium bromide) in polymeric silica sols, otherwise known to result in microporous membranes with pores in the range 3–4 A˚, we can ‘shift’ the pore size to 5–6 A˚, as judged by single-component gas and vapor permeation results with probe molecules of increasing kinetic diameter (dk). The templated membranes exhibit permeances as high as 10−7 to 10−6 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1 for molecules with <F>dk<4.0</F> A˚ (e.g. CO2, N2, CH4), coupled with single-component selectivities of 100–1800 for N2/SF6, 20–40 for n-butane/iso-butane, and 10–20 for para-xylene/ortho-xylene. The transport properties of the templated membranes are distinctly different from those of the respective silica membranes prepared without templating, and resemble somewhat the transport properties of polycrystalline zeolite MFI membranes prepared by the lengthy, batch hydrothermal synthesis approach, using tetrapropylammonium bromide as a structure directing agent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - Sol–gel silica
KW  - Tetrapropylammonium bromide
KW  - Zeolite
N1  - Accession Number: 9445507; Xomeritakis, G. 1 Naik, S. 1 Braunbarth, C.M. 1 Cornelius, C.J. 2 Pardey, R. 3 Brinker, C.J. 1,2; Email Address: cjbrink@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: NSF Center for Microengineered Materials, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA  2: Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Blvd. SE, Suite 100, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA  3: PDVSA Intevep, P.O. Box 76343, Caracas 1070-A, Venezuela; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 215 Issue 1/2, p225; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: POROSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetrapropylammonium bromide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolite; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00616-6
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weaver, Christina M.
AU  - Pinezich, John D.
AU  - Lindquist, W. Brent
AU  - Vazquez, Marcelo E.
T1  - An algorithm for neurite outgrowth reconstruction
JO  - Journal of Neuroscience Methods
JF  - Journal of Neuroscience Methods
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 124
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 01650270
AB  - We present a numerical method which provides the ability to analyze digitized microscope images of retinal explants and quantify neurite outgrowth. Few parameters are required as input and limited user interaction is necessary to process an entire experiment of images. This eliminates fatigue related errors and user-related bias common to manual analysis. The method does not rely on stained images and handles images of variable quality. The algorithm is used to determine time and dose dependent, in vitro, neurotoxic effects of 1 GeV per nucleon iron particles in retinal explants. No neurotoxic effects are detected until 72 h after exposure; at 72 h, significant reductions of neurite outgrowth occurred at doses higher than 10 cGy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neuroscience Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RETINAL ganglion cells
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Explant
KW  - High-LET
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - Neurite outgrowth quantification
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - Retinal ganglion
N1  - Accession Number: 9546186; Weaver, Christina M. 1 Pinezich, John D. 2 Lindquist, W. Brent 1; Email Address: lindquis@ams.sunysb.edu Vazquez, Marcelo E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  2: Advanced Acoustic Concepts, Hauppauge, NY 11788, USA  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 124 Issue 2, p197; Subject Term: RETINAL ganglion cells; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explant; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-LET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neurite outgrowth quantification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neurotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Retinal ganglion; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0165-0270(03)00017-7
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, Ruowen
AU  - Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
AU  - Dresselhaus, Gene
AU  - Zheng, Bo
AU  - Liu, Jie
AU  - Satcher Jr., Joe
AU  - Baumann, Theodore F.
T1  - The growth of carbon nanostructures on cobalt-doped carbon aerogels
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 00223093
AB  - By carbonizing cobalt-doped aerogel precursors directly at various temperatures, or by carbon monoxide decomposition of cobalt-doped carbon aerogels, different carbon nano-features such as carbon nano-filaments and graphitic nano-ribbons were grown on cobalt-doped carbon aerogel samples. Transmission electron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction characterization results showed that metallic cobalt nano-particles form when heating the cobalt-doped aerogel samples over 500 °C. At low heating temperature, many highly oriented carbon thin films can be found on metallic cobalt nano-particles. When heating the samples at 850 °C, some carbon nano-filaments are obtained. While heating the samples at 1050 °C, many graphitic nano-ribbons are grown and the framework of the interconnected carbon particles of the sample is changed. Graphitic nano-ribbons can also be grown by CO decomposition of the cobalt-doped carbon aerogels. We can therefore control and modify the nanostructures of cobalt-doped carbon aerogels by heating them at different temperatures or by using CO decomposition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 9144720; Fu, Ruowen 1,2 Dresselhaus, Mildred S. 1; Email Address: millie@mgm.mit.edu Dresselhaus, Gene 1 Zheng, Bo 3 Liu, Jie 3 Satcher Jr., Joe 4 Baumann, Theodore F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Room 13–3005, Cambridge, MA 02139–4307, USA  2: PCFM Laboratory, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, 510275, China  3: Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 318 Issue 3, p223; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01903-8
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Klippenstein
AU  - S. J.
T1  - From the Multiple-Well Master Equation to Phenomenological Rate Coefficients:  Reactions on a C3H4 Potential Energy Surface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2680
EP  - 2692
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Using various forms of electronic-structure theory to characterize the important features of the potential energy surface, RRKM theory to calculate microcanonical rate coeffients, and several formulations of the master equation to predict phenomenological rate coefficients, we have studied a number of reactions that occur on the C3H4 potential. We discuss the results in some detail and compare them with experiment when possible. Generally, the agreement with experiment is excellent. “Multiple-well effects” are emphasized throughout the discussion. We cast our results in the form of modified Arrhenius functions for use in chemical kinetics modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL affinity
N1  - Accession Number: 20224718; Miller J. A. 1 Klippenstein S. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 15, p2680; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL affinity; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tikhonov
AU  - A. M.
AU  - Schlossman
AU  - M. L.
T1  - Surfactant and Water Ordering in Triacontanol Monolayers at the Water−Hexane Interface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3344
EP  - 3347
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Our view of molecular ordering in Langmuir monolayers at the water−vapor interface influences our understanding of molecular ordering at other interfaces, including liquid−liquid interfaces for which structural information is scarce. We present a comparative study of a monolayer of a long-chain alkanol at the water−vapor and water−hexane interfaces using X-ray reflectivity to highlight significant differences between these two interfaces. The molecules in the Langmuir monolayer form an ordered phase of nearly rigid rods. In contrast, at the water−hexane interface, the triacontanol molecules form a condensed phase with progressive disordering of the chain from the −CH2OH to the −CH3 group. Surprisingly, at the water−hexane interface, the density in the headgroup region is 10−15% greater than either bulk water or the ordered headgroup region found at the water−vapor interface. It is conjectured that this higher density is a result of water penetration into the headgroup region of the disordered monolayer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - DENSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 20224822; Tikhonov A. M. 1 Schlossman M. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, National Synchrotron Light Source, Beamline X19C, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 15, p3344; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: DENSITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - W.
AU  - Gu
AU  - B.
AU  - Liang
AU  - L.
AU  - Hamilton
T1  - Fabrication of Two- and Three-Dimensional Silica Nanocolloidal Particle Arrays.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3400
EP  - 3404
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Monodispersed silica spheres with diameters of 100−500 nm were prepared by hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of water and ammonia in ethanol medium. Silica colloidal sphere sizes were controlled by changing ammonium concentration at fixed TEOS and water concentrations. These silica spheres settle out from their alcoholic dispersion to form closely packed three-dimensional (3-D) particle arrays—i.e., photonic crystals that exhibit vivid optical diffraction due to a high degree of ordering of the particles. The lattice constant of the opal photonic crystal structure, as determined by optical diffraction, was found to be in a good agreement with that observed by SEM measurements. Highly purified silica nanospheres could also self-assemble to form 3-D crystalline colloidal arrays (CCAs) in water, which give narrow and continuously tunable diffraction peaks in the visible range. By grafting hydrocarbon chains on silica surfaces using the silane coupling agent octadecyltrimethoxysilane, hydrophobic silica nanospheres were obtained, and they readily self-assemble at the air−water interface to form closely packed two-dimensional (2-D) particle arrays. Such 2-D particle arrays could be collected onto solid substrates to form monolayer or multilayer thin films with controlled film thickness according to the particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SILICA
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 20224829; Wang W. 1 Gu B. 1 Liang L. 1 Hamilton; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences and Condensed Matter Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and School of Engineering, Cardiff University, P.O. Box 925, Cardiff CF24 0YF, U.K.; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 15, p3400; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: THIN films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Hanson
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Kim
AU  - J.-Y.
AU  - Liu
AU  - G.
AU  - Iglesias-Juez
AU  - A.
AU  - Fernandez-Garcia
AU  - M.
T1  - Properties of CeO2 and Ce1-xZrxO2 Nanoparticles:  X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy, Density Functional, and Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction Studies.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3535
EP  - 3543
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In this article the structural and electronic properties of CeO2 and Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles are investigated using time-resolved X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), and density functional calculations. CeO2 and Ce1-xZrxO2 (x ≤ 0.5) particles in sizes between 4 and 7 nm were synthesized using a novel microemulsion method. The atoms in these nanoparticles adopted a cubic or pseudocubic crystal structure. The lattice constant decreased with increasing Zr content, varying from 5.4019 Å in CeO2 to 5.3066 Å in Ce0.5Zr0.5O2. Within the cubic structure, the Zr atoms exhibited structural perturbations that led to different types of Zr−O distances and nonequivalent O atoms in the Ce1-xZrxO2 compounds. Upon the addition of Zr to CeO2, the Zr positive charge in Ce1-xZrxO2 is smaller than in pure ZrO2 whereas the Ce positive charge is larger than in pure CeO2. Combination of these geometrical and electronic effects produced Zr LIII-edge and O K-edge XANES spectra with a distinctive line-shape not seen in pure ZrO2 or CeO2. The doping with Zr increases the thermal stability of the ceria nanoparticles and their chemical reactivity toward hydrogen. At temperatures between 300 and 900 °C, the Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles reacted with H2 and water evolved into gas phase. XANES showed the generation of Ce3+ cations (without reduction of Zr4+) but an absence of diffraction lines different from fluorite-type ones was noted. There was an expansion in the unit cell of the reduced particles probably as a consequence of a partial Ce4+ → Ce3+ transformation and the sorption of hydrogen into the bulk of the material. The Ce1-xZrxO2 nanoparticles interact with H2 and reduce at lower temperatures than bulk Ce1-xZrxO2 systems. This important difference could originate in an enhancement in chemical reactivity characteristic of nanostructured materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 20224847; Rodriguez J. A. 1 Hanson J. C. 1 Kim J.-Y. 1 Liu G. 1 Iglesias-Juez A. 1 Fernandez-Garcia M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 15, p3535; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Polonsky, Igor N.
AU  - Box, Michael A.
AU  - Davis, Anthony B.
T1  - Radiative transfer through inhomogeneous turbid media: implementation of the adjoint perturbation approach at the first order
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Recently, the advantages of application of the perturbation technique which is based on joint use of both the direct and adjoint solutions of the radiative transfer equation to solve and analyze some 1D problems of atmospheric physics has been demonstrated. In this paper this technique is applied to problems of radiative transfer through spatially inhomogeneous scattering and absorbing media. This technique is shown to allow one both to obtain the solution with reasonable accuracy and to get physical insight into the problem under consideration. The accuracy of the perturbation technique is demonstrated through comparison with results from the SHDOM simulation code for one problem of cloud optics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - 3D radiative transfer
KW  - Cloud optics
KW  - Perturbation technique
N1  - Accession Number: 9050902; Polonsky, Igor N. 1; Email Address: polonsky@phys.unsw.edu.au Box, Michael A. 1; Email Address: m.box@unsw.edu.au Davis, Anthony B. 2; Email Address: adavis@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space and Remote Sensing Science Group (NIS-2), Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D radiative transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloud optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perturbation technique; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Box, Michael A.
AU  - Polonsky, Igor N.
AU  - Davis, Anthony B.
T1  - Higher order perturbation theory applied to radiative transfer in non-plane-parallel media
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Radiative transfer in non-plane-parallel media is a very challenging problem, which is currently the subject of concerted efforts to develop computational techniques which may be used to tackle different tasks. In this paper we develop the full formalism for another technique, based on radiative perturbation theory. With this approach, one starts with a plane-parallel ‘base model’, for which many solution techniques exist, and treat the horizontal variability as a perturbation. We show that under the most logical assumption as to the base model, the first-order perturbation term is zero for domain-average radiation quantities, so that it is necessary to go to higher order terms. This requires the computation of the Green''s function. While this task is by no means simple, once the various pieces have been assembled they may be re-used for any number of perturbations—that is, any horizontal variations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9050904; Box, Michael A. 1; Email Address: m.box@unsw.edu.au Polonsky, Igor N. 1 Davis, Anthony B. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space and Remote Sensing Science Group (NIS-2), Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p105; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marte, J.S.
AU  - Kampe, S.L.
AU  - Wereszczak, A.A.
T1  - Elevated temperature deformation behavior of discontinuous-reinforced titanium aluminide matrix composites
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 346
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A series of Al3Ti- and near-γ TiAl-matrix discontinuously-reinforced composites have been produced and their elevated temperature flow behavior evaluated. Specifically, steady state compressive flow stress (i.e. maximum flow stress) was determined as a function of temperature (1000, 1100, 1200 °C), strain-rate (10−3, 10−4 s−1), and composite reinforcement loading percentage (30, 40, 50 v%). The experimental results have been used to develop unified constitutive equations for each matrix type that can be used to survey the sensitivity of the respective flow behavior to the independent variables of high temperature wrought processing. The results indicate that while the temperature and strain-rate dependence of flow stress can be described in terms of a traditional Zener–Holloman (temperature-compensated strain-rate) analysis, reinforcement volume percentage may additionally represent a non-traditional but influential independent variable of processing. It is shown that particulate volume loading can be used to positively influence the deformability characteristics of the composite. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM compounds
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - High temperature deformation
KW  - Particulate reinforced titanium aluminides
KW  - TiB2-reinforced composites
KW  - Titanium aluminide composites
N1  - Accession Number: 8902208; Marte, J.S. 1 Kampe, S.L. 2; Email Address: kampe@vt.edu Wereszczak, A.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: GE Global Research Center, Schenectady, NY, USA  2: Materials Science and Engineering Department, Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  3: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 346 Issue 1/2, p292; Subject Term: TITANIUM compounds; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate reinforced titanium aluminides; Author-Supplied Keyword: TiB2-reinforced composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium aluminide composites; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naples, D.
AU  - Adams, T.
AU  - Alton, A.
AU  - Avvakumov, S.
AU  - de Barbaro, L.
AU  - de Barbaro, P.
AU  - Bernstein, R.H.
AU  - Bodek, A.
AU  - Bolton, T.
AU  - Brau, J.
AU  - Buchholz, D.
AU  - Budd, H.
AU  - Conrad, J.
AU  - Drucker, R.B.
AU  - Fleming, B.T.
AU  - Formaggio, J.
AU  - Frey, R.
AU  - Goldman, J.
AU  - Goncharov, M.
AU  - Harris, D.A.
T1  - High energy neutrino scattering results from NuTeV
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 118
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The NuTeV experiment at Fermilab has obtained a unique high statistics sample of neutrino and antineutrino interactions using a novel high-energy sign-selected neutrino beam. Recent results from this sample are presented including a precision measurement of the electroweak parameter <F>sin2≡W</F>, which is observed to be three standard deviations above the standard model prediction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - STANDARD deviations
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
N1  - Accession Number: 11091345; Naples, D. 1 Adams, T. 2 Alton, A. 2 Avvakumov, S. 3 de Barbaro, L. 4 de Barbaro, P. 3 Bernstein, R.H. 5 Bodek, A. 3 Bolton, T. 2 Brau, J. 6 Buchholz, D. 4 Budd, H. 3 Conrad, J. 7 Drucker, R.B. 6 Fleming, B.T. 7 Formaggio, J. 7 Frey, R. 6 Goldman, J. 2 Goncharov, M. 2 Harris, D.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA  2: Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506 USA  3: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY. 14627 USA  4: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208 USA  5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA  6: University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403 USA  7: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 118 Issue 1-3, p164; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: STANDARD deviations; Subject Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geer, Steve
T1  - Neutrino factory designs and R&D
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 118
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 09205632
N1  - Accession Number: 11091350; Geer, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 118 Issue 1-3, p223; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beacom, John F.
T1  - Supernovae and neutrinos
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 118
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A long-standing problem in supernova physics is how to measure the total energy and temperature of <F>νμ, ντ</F>, <F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">νμ</OVL></F>, and <F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">ντ</OVL></F>. While of the highest importance, this is very difficult because these flavors only have neutral-current detector interactions. We propose that neutrino-proton elastic scattering, <F>ν + p → ν + p</F>, can be used for the detection of supernova neutrinos in scintillator detectors. It should be emphasized immediately that the dominant signal is on free protons. Though the proton recoil kinetic energy spectrum is soft, with <F>Tp ≌ SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>2Eν2</NU><DE>Mp</DE></FR></F>, and the scintillation light output from slow, heavily ionizing protons is quenched, the yield above a realistic threshold is nearly as large as that from <F><OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">ν</OVL>e + p → e++n</F>. In addition, the measured proton spectrum is related to the incident neutrino spectrum. The ability to detect this signal would give detectors like KamLAND and Borexino a crucial and unique role in the quest to detect supernova neutrinos. These results are now published: J. F. Beacom, W. M. Farr and P. Vogel, Phys. Rev. D 66, 033001 (2002) [arXiv:hep-ph/0205220], the details are given there [1]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091358; Beacom, John F. 1; Email Address: beacom@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 118 Issue 1-3, p307; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kayser, Boris
T1  - Neutrino physics: Where do we stand, and where are we going? — The theoretical-phenomenological perspective
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 118
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 425
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The discoveries and open questions in neutrino physics, as reported at Neutrino 2002 and more recently, are reviewed from a theoretical perspective. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091373; Kayser, Boris 1; Email Address: boris@Ofnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab MS106, P.O.Box 500, Batavia IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 118 Issue 1-3, p425; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamer, A.S.
T1  - Calibration of the SNO detector
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 118
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 441
SN  - 09205632
N1  - Accession Number: 11091374; Hamer, A.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 118 Issue 1-3, p441; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dragowsky, M.R.
AU  - Hime, A.
AU  - Simpson, J.J.
T1  - Neutron calibration for the sudbury neutrino observatory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 118
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 442
SN  - 09205632
N1  - Accession Number: 11091375; Dragowsky, M.R. Hime, A. 1 Simpson, J.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, MailStop H803, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Physics Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 118 Issue 1-3, p442; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boulay, M.G.
T1  - Event reconstruction in the sudbury neutrino observatory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 118
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
SN  - 09205632
N1  - Accession Number: 11091376; Boulay, M.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87544, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 118 Issue 1-3, p443; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naulleau, Patrick P.
T1  - The role of temporal coherence in imaging with extreme ultraviolet lithography optics
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 219
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 00304018
AB  - Being based on reflective elements, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography optics can support much larger spectral bandwidths then do modern refractive lithography optics. Moreover, EUV source power limitations dictate the use of the full bandwidth supported by the reflective EUV multilayers. A typical four mirror EUV optic supports an operating bandwidth of approximately 360 pm. This large bandwidth, combined with the off-axis nature of EUV lithography optics leading to significant pathlength differences across the field, raises the issue of temporal coherence effects on the imaging properties of EUV systems. Here we present analysis and computer simulation of the temporal coherence effect in EUV lithography optics. The analysis shows that under typical lithographic operating conditions, temporal coherence effects can still be safely ignored. However, non-negligible effects could arise in cases of higher-coherence imaging (small partial coherence factor, <f>σ</f>). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COHERENCE (Optics)
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - Coherence
KW  - Extreme ultraviolet
KW  - Lithography
KW  - Quasimonochromatic
N1  - Accession Number: 9498897; Naulleau, Patrick P. 1; Email Address: pnaulleau@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 219 Issue 1-6, p57; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Optics); Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extreme ultraviolet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasimonochromatic; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0030-4018(03)01315-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - An, J.M.
AU  - Rosner, H.
AU  - Savrasov, S.Y.
AU  - Pickett, W.E.
T1  - Vibrational modes in LiBC: theory and experiment
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 328
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The search for other superconductors in the <f>MgB2</f> class currently is focussed on <f>Li1−xBC</f>, which when hole-doped (concentration <f>x</f>) should be a metal with the potential to be a better superconductor than <f>MgB2</f>. Here we present the calculated phonon spectrum of the parent semiconductor LiBC. The calculated Raman-active modes are in excellent agreement with a recent observation, and comparison of calculated IR-active modes with a recent report provides a prediction of the LO–TO splitting for these four modes, which is small for the B–C bond stretching mode at <f>∼1200 cm−1</f>, but large for clearly resolved modes at 540 and <f>620 cm−1</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Linear response
KW  - Lithium borocarbide
KW  - Magnesium diboride
KW  - Phonons
KW  - Raman
N1  - Accession Number: 9281876; An, J.M. 1,2 Rosner, H. 2 Savrasov, S.Y. 3 Pickett, W.E. 2; Email Address: pickett@yclept.ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Physics Department, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA  3: Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 328 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHONONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linear response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium borocarbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium diboride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01796-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Y.P.
AU  - Song, W.H.
AU  - Du, J.J.
AU  - Ku, H.C.
T1  - Anomalous magnetization in a heavily Pb-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O<f>8+δ</f> as-grown single crystal
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 386
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Anomalous magnetization is investigated on a heavily Pb-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O<f>8+δ</f> as-grown single crystal [(Bi,Pb)-2212] with <f>Tc=92</f> K. Both the anomalous magnetization peak <f>H2p</f> and the onset of the anomalous magnetization peak <f>Hon</f> are detected in temperature region from <f>0.3Tc</f> to <f>0.9Tc</f> based on the descending field branch of magnetic hysteresis loops. At low temperatures below 20 K, the magnetic hysteresis loop behaves as an obvious asymmetry. The double magnetic hysteresis behavior is observed at high temperatures close to <f>Tc</f>. The temperature dependence of <f>H2p</f> can be described according to the thermal disorder induced decoupling theory. The double magnetization behavior may be ascribed to the existence of intra-grain granularity due to the inhomogeneity of oxygen distribution induced by heavily Pb-doping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - (Bi,Pb)-2212 single crystal
KW  - Anomalous magnetization peak
KW  - As-grown
N1  - Accession Number: 9307546; Sun, Y.P. 1,2; Email Address: ypsun@mail.issp.ac.cn Song, W.H. 1,2 Du, J.J. 1 Ku, H.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Key Laboratory of Internal Friction and Defects in Solids, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, China  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei 230031, China  3: Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, China; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 386, p5; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: (Bi,Pb)-2212 single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anomalous magnetization peak; Author-Supplied Keyword: As-grown; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02106-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, W.H.
AU  - Du, J.J.
AU  - Sun, Y.P.
AU  - Ku, H.C.
T1  - The effect of the surface state and shape of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O<f>8+δ</f> single crystal on anomalous magnetization
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 386
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Magnetic hysteresis loops are measured on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O<f>8+δ</f> (Bi-2212) single crystal with different surface states and shapes. The result obtained on Bi-2212 single crystals with dirty and clean surfaces demonstrates that variation of surface state does not result in the disappearance of anomalous magnetization peak <f>H2p</f> and has only an influence on the width of magnetic hysteresis loops. The result obtained on Bi-2212 single crystals with elongated and circular shapes shows that the variation of shape also does not give rise to the disappearance of <f>H2p</f>. The origin of <f>H2p</f> of Bi-2212 single crystal is suggested to originate from other intrinsic reasons and should not be attributed to the surface state and surface shape. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - Anomalous magnetization peak
KW  - Bi-2212 single crystal
KW  - Surface state
N1  - Accession Number: 9307526; Song, W.H. 1,2; Email Address: whsong@mail.issp.ac.cn Du, J.J. 1 Sun, Y.P. 1,2 Ku, H.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Key Laboratory of Internal Friction and Defects in Solids, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, China  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei 230031, China  3: Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, ROC; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 386, p56; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anomalous magnetization peak; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-2212 single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface state; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02143-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, B.
AU  - Song, W.H.
AU  - Du, J.J.
AU  - Sun, Y.P.
T1  - Study on resistivity anisotropy and flux pinning of Bi<f>2−x</f>Pb<f>x</f>Sr2CaCu2O<f>y</f> single crystals
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 386
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Bi<f>2−x</f>Pb<f>x</f>Sr2CaCu2O<f>y</f> ((Bi,Pb)-2212) single crystals with a large doping range up to <f>x=0.8</f> have been grown by the conventional self-flux method. The resistivity anisotropy of (Bi,Pb)-2212 single crystals and their transport properties under applied magnetic fields with <f>H&par;c</f> have been systematically studied. In-plane resistivity (<f>ρab</f>), out-plane resistivity (<f>ρc</f>) and anisotropy (<f>γ</f>) of (Bi,Pb)-2212 are significantly reduced by heavy Pb doping. The dissipation behavior of (Bi,Pb)-2212 single crystals in the mixed state can be well described by the thermally activated flux creep model and flux creep is obviously suppressed for heavily Pb-doped single crystals. The origin of the improved flux pinning is suggested to stem mainly from the reduced anisotropy and the improved coupling strength between Cu–O layers due to Pb-doping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUX pinning
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - (Bi,Pb)-2212
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Flux pinning
KW  - Single crystal
N1  - Accession Number: 9307650; Zhao, B. 1,2; Email Address: zhaobing@tsinghua.edu.cn Song, W.H. 1,3 Du, J.J. 1 Sun, Y.P. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Key Laboratory of Internal Friction and Defects in Solids, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1129, Hefei 230031, PR China  2: Applied Superconductivity Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei 230031, PR China; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 386, p60; Subject Term: FLUX pinning; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: (Bi,Pb)-2212; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flux pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02146-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maeda, H.
AU  - Sastry, P.V.P.S.S.
AU  - Trociewitz, U.P.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
AU  - Ohya, K.
AU  - Sato, M.
AU  - Chen, W.P.
AU  - Watanabe, K.
AU  - Motokawa, M.
T1  - Effect of magnetic field strength in melt-processing on texture development and critical current density of Bi-oxide superconductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 386
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Vertical magnetic fields up to 15 T were applied to the magnetic melt-processing (MMP) of Bi2212 bulks and Ag-sheathed tapes with a core thickness above 80 μm, which were set horizontally. Texture with the <f>c</f>-axis along the direction of magnetic field applied during MMP is developed due to the anisotropy in magnetic susceptibility of Bi2212. The degree of texture and the anisotropy factor in magnetization increase almost linearly as the magnetic field strength <f>Ha</f> during MMP is increased. The anisotropy factor in magnetization reaches 6.5 at a <f>Ha</f> of 13 T for Ag-doped Bi2212 bulks, whereas for Bi(Pb)2212 in which Pb partially substitutes for Bi the factor is suppressed to a half of that of Ag-doped Bi2212. The transport critical current <f>Ic</f> and the critical current density <f>Jc</f> of Bi2212 tapes also increase with increasing <f>Ha</f> due to the texture development and <f>Ic</f> reaches above 1000 A in self-filed for the tapes with a core thickness of 180 μm. However, for further thicker tapes, <f>Ic</f> decreases. The suppressions in the <f>Ic</f> for the tapes and in the anisotropy factor in magnetization for Bi(Pb)2212 bulks are due to inhomogeneous melting, and inhomogeneous nucleation and growth of crystals during MMP. When crystal growth is restricted, crystal alignment is suppressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Bi2212 bulk and tape
KW  - Critical current density
KW  - Magnetic melt-processing
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 9307667; Maeda, H. 1,2,3; Email Address: maeda@magnet.fsu.edu Sastry, P.V.P.S.S. 2 Trociewitz, U.P. 1 Schwartz, J. 1,2,4 Ohya, K. 5 Sato, M. 5 Chen, W.P. 3 Watanabe, K. 3,6 Motokawa, M. 3,6; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  5: Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami 090-8507, Japan  6: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 386, p115; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi2212 bulk and tape; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic melt-processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02237-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Su, J.H.
AU  - Sastry, P.V.P.S.S.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - Fabrication and morphology of (Hg,Re)-1212 thin films on LaAlO3
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/04/15/
VL  - 386
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Superconducting (Hg,Re)Ba2CaCu2O<f>y</f> ((Hg,Re)-1212) thin films have been prepared on single crystal substrates of LaAlO3 by reacting laser deposited ReBaCaCuO precursor films with CaHgO2 in sealed quartz tubes. The effects of the deposition parameters such as laser fluence and substrate temperature, on surface morphology and microstructure were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). AFM observations revealed that a granular structure was seen in the precursor films deposited at lower energy (less than 200 mJ) and disappeared at higher energy (250 mJ). SEM investigation on final reacted films showed that the precursor films deposited at 250 °C resulted in a well-connected and uniformly dense microstructure, whereas the films deposited at lower or higher temperatures were porous and non-uniform. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - (Hg,Re)-1212
KW  - AFM
KW  - Laser deposition
KW  - Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 9307524; Su, J.H. 1,2; Email Address: jhsu@magnet.fsu.edu Sastry, P.V.P.S.S. 3 Schwartz, J. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: FAM––FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310 , USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 386, p309; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: COATING processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: (Hg,Re)-1212; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02141-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hugo, R.C.
AU  - Kung, H.
AU  - Weertman, J.R.
AU  - Mitra, R.
AU  - Knapp, J.A.
AU  - Follstaedt, D.M.
T1  - In-situ TEM tensile testing of DC magnetron sputtered and pulsed laser deposited Ni thin films
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/04/18/
VL  - 51
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1937
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Two nanocrystalline Ni thin films, one prepared via DC Magnetron Sputtering and the other prepared via Pulsed Laser Deposition, were strained in-situ in the Transmission Electron Microscope. Although the grain sizes were similar, the two films behaved quite differently in tension. The sputtered material was found to behave in a brittle manner, with failure occurring via rapid coalescence of intergranular cracks. Conversely, the laser deposited film behaved in a ductile manner, with failure occurring by slow ductile crack growth. The difference in failure mechanism was attributed to the presence of grain boundary porosity in the sputtered thin film. Both films exhibited pervasive dislocation motion before failure, and showed no conclusive evidence of a change in deformation mode. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL films
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
N1  - Accession Number: 9340311; Hugo, R.C. 1; Email Address: hugo@pdx.edu Kung, H. 1 Weertman, J.R. 2 Mitra, R. 3 Knapp, J.A. 4 Follstaedt, D.M. 4; Affiliation:  1: MST-8; Structure/Properties Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  3: Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad, India  4: Physical and Chemical Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1056, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 51 Issue 7, p1937; Subject Term: NICKEL films; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00599-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haslam, A.J.
AU  - Moldovan, D.
AU  - Yamakov, V.
AU  - Wolf, D.
AU  - Phillpot, S.R.
AU  - Gleiter, H.
T1  - Stress-enhanced grain growth in a nanocrystalline material by molecular-dynamics simulation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/04/18/
VL  - 51
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2097
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Molecular-dynamics simulations are used to elucidate the coupling between grain growth and grain-boundary diffusion creep in a polycrystal consisting of 25 grains with an average grain size of about 15 nm and a columnar grain shape. Consistent with our earlier simulations of grain-boundary diffusion creep, albeit in the absence of grain growth, we find that initially, i.e. prior to the onset of significant grain growth, the deformation proceeds via the mechanism of Coble creep. Also, consistent with our earlier grain-growth simulations in the absence of stress, two growth mechanisms are observed during the deformation: growth due to curvature-driven GB migration and growth resulting from grain rotation-induced grain coalescence. The comparison of the grain growth observed in the presence of the applied stress with that solely in response to temperature as the driving force enables us to identify the mechanisms by which external stress affects grain growth. In particular, we find that both GB migration and grain rotation are accelerated by the deformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - Dynamic grain growth
KW  - Grain rotation
KW  - Grain-boundary diffusion creep
KW  - Grain-boundary migration
N1  - Accession Number: 9340328; Haslam, A.J. 1,2 Moldovan, D. 1,2 Yamakov, V. 1 Wolf, D. 1; Email Address: wolf@anl.gov Phillpot, S.R. 1 Gleiter, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Interfacial Materials Group, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 212, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 51 Issue 7, p2097; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain-boundary diffusion creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain-boundary migration; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00011-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanbonmatsu, K.Y.
AU  - Joseph, S.
T1  - Understanding Discrimination by the Ribosome: Stability Testing and Groove Measurement of Codon–Anticodon Pairs
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/04/18/
VL  - 328
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The ribosome must discriminate between correct and incorrect tRNAs with sufficient speed and accuracy to sustain an adequate rate of cell growth. Here, we report the results of explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations, which address the mechanism of discrimination by the ribosome. The universally conserved 16 S rRNA base A1493 and the kink in mRNA between A and P sites amplify differences in stability between cognate and near-cognate codon–anticodon pairs. Destabilization by the mRNA kink also provides a geometric explanation for the higher error rates observed for mismatches in the first codon position relative to mismatches in the second codon position. For more stable near-cognates, the repositioning of the universally conserved bases A1492 and G530 results in increased solvent exposure and an uncompensated loss of hydrogen bonds, preventing correct codon–anticodon–ribosome interactions from forming. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIBOSOMES
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ASL, anticodon stem-loop
KW  - EM, electron microscopy
KW  - molecular dynamics
KW  - proofreading
KW  - ribosome
KW  - RNA
KW  - translation
N1  - Accession Number: 9443889; Sanbonmatsu, K.Y. 1; Email Address: kys@lanl.gov Joseph, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 328 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: RIBOSOMES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: ASL, anticodon stem-loop; Author-Supplied Keyword: EM, electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: proofreading; Author-Supplied Keyword: ribosome; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: translation; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00236-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9443889&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Zhi-Zhong
AU  - Jiang, Tao
AU  - Lin, Guohui
AU  - Wen, Jianjun
AU  - Xu, Dong
AU  - Xu, Jinbo
AU  - Xu, Ying
T1  - Approximation algorithms for NMR spectral peak assignment
JO  - Theoretical Computer Science
JF  - Theoretical Computer Science
Y1  - 2003/04/18/
VL  - 299
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 03043975
AB  - We study a constrained bipartite matching problem where the input is a weighted bipartite graph <f>G=(U,V,E)</f>, <f>U</f> is a set of vertices following a sequential order, <f>V</f> is another set of vertices partitioned into a collection of disjoint subsets, each following a sequential order, and <f>E</f> is a set of edges between <f>U</f> and <f>V</f> with non-negative weights. The objective is to find a matching in <f>G</f> with the maximum weight that satisfies the given sequential orders on both <f>U</f> and <f>V</f>, i.e. if <f>ui+1</f> follows <f>ui</f> in <f>U</f> and if <f>vj+1</f> follows <f>vj</f> in <f>V</f>, then <f>ui</f> is matched with <f>vj</f> if and only if <f>ui+1</f> is matched with <f>vj+1</f>. The problem has recently been formulated as a crucial step in an algorithmic approach for interpreting NMR spectral data (IEEE Comput. Sci. Eng. 4 (2002) 50–62). The interpretation of NMR spectral data is known as a key problem in protein structure determination via NMR spectroscopy. Unfortunately, the constrained bipartite matching problem is NP-hard (IEEE Comput. Sci. Eng. 4 (2002) 50–62). We first propose a 2-approximation algorithm for the problem, which follows directly from the recent result of Bar-Noy et al. (Proc. 32nd ACM Symp. on Theory of Computing (STOC’00), 2000, pp. 735–744) on interval scheduling. However, our extensive experimental results on real NMR spectral data illustrate that the algorithm performs poorly in terms of recovering target-matching edges. We then propose another approximation algorithm that tries to take advantage of the “density” of the sequential order information in <f>V</f>. Although we are only able to prove an approximation ratio of <f>3 log2 D</f> for this algorithm, where <f>D</f> is the length of a longest string in <f>V</f>, the experimental results demonstrate that this new algorithm performs much better on real data, i.e. it is able to recover a large fraction of target-matching edges and the weight of its output matching is often in fact close to the maximum. We also prove that the problem is MAX SNP-hard, even if the input bipartite graph is unweighted. We further present an approximation algorithm for a nontrivial special case that breaks the ratio 2 barrier. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical Computer Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - Approximation algorithm
KW  - Computational biology
KW  - NMR spectroscopy
KW  - Protein structure determination
N1  - Accession Number: 9445879; Chen, Zhi-Zhong 1; Email Address: chen@r.dendai.ac.jp Jiang, Tao 2; Email Address: jiang@cs.ucr.edu Lin, Guohui 3; Email Address: ghlin@cs.ualberta.ca Wen, Jianjun 2; Email Address: wjianju@cs.ucr.edu Xu, Dong 4; Email Address: xud@ornl.gov Xu, Jinbo 5; Email Address: j3xu@math.uwaterloo.ca Xu, Ying 4; Email Address: xyn@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Tokyo Denki University, Hatoyama, Saitama 350-0394, Japan  2: Department of Computer Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  3: Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E8, Canada  4: Protein Informatics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA  5: Department of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 299 Issue 1-3, p211; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Approximation algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein structure determination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3975(02)00086-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9445879&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scherer, J.
AU  - Ocko, B.M.
AU  - Magnussen, O.M.
T1  - Structure, dissolution, and passivation of Ni(111) electrodes in sulfuric acid solution: an in situ STM, X-ray scattering, and electrochemical study
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/04/20/
VL  - 48
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1169
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Results of a detailed study of Ni(111) surfaces in air and in sulfuric acid solution (pH 1.0–2.7) by a combination of STM, surface X-ray scattering using synchrotron radiation, and electrochemical techniques are presented. Ni(111) samples, prepared via annealing in H2 and exposure to air at room temperature, are covered by a smooth three to four layers thick NiO(111) film with parallel (NiO[<f>11¯0</f>]∣∣Ni[<f>11¯0</f>]) and anti-parallel (NiO[<f>11¯0</f>]∣∣Ni[<f>1¯10</f>]) in-plane orientation. Electrochemical reduction at potentials ≤−0.40 VAg/AgCl results in the formation of a well-defined, oxide-free surface with large terraces, a low surface mobility, and a (1×1) lattice on the atomic scale. X-ray reflectivity data indicate vertical lattice expansion for the topmost Ni layer and a strongly bound sulfate or oxygen species. Active Ni dissolution commences at potentials ≥−0.25 VAg/AgCl by a step-flow mechanism, followed by the rapid formation of large three-dimensional etch pits, leading to considerable surface roughening. In situ STM observations of the passive film formation show at potentials ≥−0.10 VAg/AgCl the nucleation and growth of an initial ‘grainy’ phase, which is attributed to a Ni hydroxide, followed by a slower restructuring process. According to our combined STM and SXS data, the resulting steady-state passive film exhibits a duplex structure, with a crystalline, inner NiO(111) layer, consisting of exclusively anti-parallel oriented grains (NiO[<f>11¯0</f>]∣∣Ni[<f>1¯10</f>]) which are slightly tilted relative to the substrate lattice, and a porous, probably amorphous hydroxide phase on top. The thickness of the crystalline NiO film increases with potential by 14–17 A˚ V−1. In addition, structural changes of the oxide film during immersion of Ni samples into the sulfuric acid solution at potentials in the passive range and after emersion from the electrolyte were observed, which indicate the slow conversion of the air-formed into the passive oxide and the (partial) reformation of the air-formed oxide, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Dissolution
KW  - Electrochemistry
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - STM
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 9189279; Scherer, J. 1 Ocko, B.M. 2 Magnussen, O.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Abteilung Oberflächenchemie und Katalyse, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89069 Ulm, Germany  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 48 Issue 9, p1169; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: STM; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00827-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9189279&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tucker, James D.
AU  - Moore II, Dan H.
AU  - Ramsey, Marilyn J.
AU  - Kato, Paula
AU  - Langlois, Richard G.
AU  - Burroughs, Barbara
AU  - Long, Leslie
AU  - Garry, Vincent F.
T1  - Multi-endpoint biological monitoring of phosphine workers
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003/04/20/
VL  - 536
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 13835718
AB  - The pesticide phosphine (PH3) is a suspected carcinogen and a known clastogen which has been shown to produce chromosome damage in agricultural workers. To confirm and extend these results we evaluated 22 phosphine appliers and 26 controls matched for age and smoking status. Two independent methods were used to evaluate exposure: fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with whole-chromosome paints of chromosomes 1, 2, and 4 labeled in a single color to quantify translocations in peripheral lymphocytes, and the glycophorin A (GPA) assay to quantify phenotypically mutant (NØ or NN) erythrocytes. No differences in the frequency of translocations were found in the phosphine appliers compared to the controls, and no effect of cigarette smoking was observed. However, a significant increase in the frequency of translocations with age (<F>P<0.0001</F>) was seen. No effect of phosphine exposure or cigarette smoking was observed in the GPA assay. These results are in contrast to previous findings from this same population which showed an increase in chromosome aberrations among phosphine appliers. The results are most easily interpreted as supporting the effectiveness of the personal protective equipment that is now worn by the workers but which was not employed prior to and during the earlier studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phosphine
KW  - Translocation (Genetics)
KW  - Chromosome translocations
KW  - Glycophorin A variants
KW  - Human exposure
KW  - Phosphine gas
N1  - Accession Number: 9500090; Tucker, James D. 1; Email Address: jtucker@biology.biosci.wayne.edu; Moore II, Dan H. 2; Ramsey, Marilyn J. 1; Kato, Paula 1; Langlois, Richard G. 1; Burroughs, Barbara 3; Long, Leslie 3; Garry, Vincent F. 3; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, P.O. Box 808, L-448 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 2: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0808, USA; 3: University of Minnesota, Stone Lab I M 110, 421 SE 29th Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Issue Info: Apr2003, Vol. 536 Issue 1/2, p7; Thesaurus Term: Phosphine; Subject Term: Translocation (Genetics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosome translocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycophorin A variants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphine gas; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-5718(03)00014-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9500090&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skuratov, V.A.
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
AU  - Efimov, A.E.
AU  - Havancsak, K.
T1  - Swift heavy ion-induced modification of Al2O3 and MgO surfaces
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/04/20/
VL  - 203
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Surface topography changes in single-crystal alumina and magnesium oxide samples irradiated with 245 MeV Kr and 128–710 MeV Bi ions have been studied by atomic force microscopy. The surface response consists of nanoscale hillock-like defects associated with single ion impact. These defects are observed on the surfaces of Al2O3 and MgO targets at ionizing energy loss values of about 25 and 15.8 keV/nm, respectively, which is less than the expected threshold values of amorphous latent track formation in these materials. Corresponding electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies show no evidence of an amorphous core of the ion track in sapphire irradiated with Bi ions at surface electronic stopping power of 41 keV/nm. Possible mechanisms of hillocks formation, alternative to crystalline–amorphous phase transition are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - MODIFICATIONS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - Heavy-ion irradiation
KW  - Ionizing energy loss
KW  - Radiation defects
KW  - Surface
N1  - Accession Number: 9570911; Skuratov, V.A. 1; Email Address: skuratov@jinr.ru Zinkle, S.J. 2 Efimov, A.E. 1 Havancsak, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center of Applied Physics, Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA  3: Department of Solid State Physics, Eötvös University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 203 Issue 1-4, p136; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: MODIFICATIONS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionizing energy loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02197-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9570911&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belykh, S.F.
AU  - Palitsin, V.V.
AU  - Veryovkin, I.V.
AU  - Adriaens, A.
AU  - Adams, F.
T1  - Non-additive sputtering of niobium and tantalum as neutral and charged clusters
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/04/20/
VL  - 203
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - An analysis of available literature data on both positive ion emission from Nb and Ta bombarded with 6 keV/atom Au<f>m−</f> atomic and molecular ions (<f>m=1</f>, 2, 3) and positive ionization probabilities of Nb<f>n</f> and Ta<f>n</f> neutral clusters sputtered from the same metals by 5 keV Ar+ ions has been conducted. Dependencies of cluster yields <f>Yn,m</f> (regardless of charge state) on the number of atoms <f>n</f> in a sputtered particles were found to follow a power law as <f>Yn,m∼n−σm</f> where <f>σm</f> decreases with an increase of <f>m</f>. A non-linear enhancement of yields for large Nb<f>n+</f> and Ta<f>n+</f> cluster ions <f>(n>4)</f> appeared to be a result of a non-additive process of sputtering rather than of a non-additive process of their ionization. A manifestation of the non-additive sputtering in kinetic energy distribution of secondary ions was found to be different for atomic and cluster ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SECONDARY ion emission
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Atomic and molecular ion bombardment
KW  - Kinetic energy distribution
KW  - Niobium
KW  - Non-additive sputtering
KW  - Secondary ion emission
KW  - Tantalum
N1  - Accession Number: 9570920; Belykh, S.F. 1; Email Address: belikh@uia.ua.ac.be Palitsin, V.V. 1 Veryovkin, I.V. 2 Adriaens, A. 3 Adams, F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp (UIA), Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 203 Issue 1-4, p164; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion emission; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic and molecular ion bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic energy distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-additive sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary ion emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tantalum; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02212-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9570920&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer, F.W.
AU  - Krause, H.F.
AU  - Vane, C.R.
T1  - Site-resolved neutralization of slow singly and multiply charged ions during large-angle backscattering collisions with RbI(<f>1 0 0</f>)
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/04/20/
VL  - 203
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Preliminary results are reported of projectile neutralization during 120° backscattering from RbI[1 0 0] of singly and multiply charged incident ions in the keV energy range. Scattered charge fractions are reported for 4.4 keV Ne8+ and 4.2 keV F+ normally incident on the ionic crystal. Collisions associated with scattering from a Rb or I site can be clearly distinguished for each scattered final charge state. Significant differences are observed in the intensities of the higher scattered charge states resulting from collisions with Rb and I sites. In contrast, at the target azimuth orientation of the present measurement, only minor differences in F− yield are observed for hard scattering from the two lattice sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - MULTIPLY charged ions
KW  - Highly charged projectile neutralization
KW  - Ion-surface scattering
KW  - Multicharged ions
KW  - RbI
N1  - Accession Number: 9570935; Meyer, F.W.; Email Address: meyerfw@ornl.gov Krause, H.F. 1 Vane, C.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 203 Issue 1-4, p231; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: MULTIPLY charged ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Highly charged projectile neutralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-surface scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multicharged ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: RbI; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02222-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9570935&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
AU  - Griffin, Guy
AU  - Stokes, David L.
AU  - Wintenberg, Alan
T1  - Multi-functional biochip for medical diagnostics and pathogen detection
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2003/04/20/
VL  - 90
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
SN  - 09254005
AB  - We describe a multi-functional biochip (MFB), which uses two different types of bioreceptors, including nucleic acid and antibody probes, on a single platform. The multi-functional capability of the MFB device for biomedical diagnostics is illustrated by measurements of DNA probes specific to gene fragments of Bacillus anthracis and antibody probes targeted to Escherichia coli. Calibration curves for monitoring pathogenic species using antibody probes against E. coli and DNA probes for B. anthracis illustrate the capability of the device for medical diagnostics and for quantitative detection of pathogenic agents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCHIPS
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibody probes
KW  - Antibody probes
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Biochip
KW  - DNA
KW  - Escherichia coli
N1  - Accession Number: 9483108; Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov Griffin, Guy 1 Stokes, David L. 1 Wintenberg, Alan 1; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 90 Issue 1-3, p104; Subject Term: BIOCHIPS; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibody probes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibody probes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillus anthracis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biochip; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Escherichia coli; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00048-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9483108&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
AU  - Muckerman, James T.
AU  - Hrbek, Jan
T1  - The deposition of Mo nanoparticles on Au(1 1 1) from a Mo(CO)6 precursor: effects of CO on Mo–Au intermixing
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/04/20/
VL  - 530
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L313
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Density functional theory and slab models are used to study the effects of CO on the configuration of Mo/Au(1 1 1) interfaces. In the absence of CO, the theoretical calculations show site exchange or intermixing after depositing Mo atoms on Au(1 1 1). The presence of CO prevents Mo–Au intermixing and, thus, enhances the mobility of Mo on the surface. This phenomenon can explain a novel growth mode found when using Mo(CO)6 as a precursor for the preparation of metal nanoparticles on Au(1 1 1). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Gold
KW  - Metal–metal interfaces
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
N1  - Accession Number: 9446094; Liu, Ping 1 Rodriguez, José A.; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Muckerman, James T. 1 Hrbek, Jan 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 530 Issue 1/2, pL313; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–metal interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00023-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9446094&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan, M.
AU  - Ellis, R. S.
AU  - Aldering, G.
AU  - Amanullah, R.
AU  - Astier, P.
AU  - Blanc, G.
AU  - Burns, M. S.
AU  - Conley, A.
AU  - Deustua, S. E.
AU  - Doi, M.
AU  - Fabbro, S.
AU  - Folatelli, G.
AU  - Fruchter, A. S.
AU  - Garavini, G.
AU  - Gibbons, R.
AU  - Goldhaber, G.
AU  - Goobar, A.
AU  - Groom, D. E.
AU  - Hardin, D.
AU  - Hook, I.
T1  - The Hubble diagram of type Ia supernovae as a function of host galaxy morphology.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 340
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1057
EP  - 1075
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - ABSTRACT We present new results on the Hubble diagram of distant type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) segregated according to the type of host galaxy. This makes it possible to check earlier evidence for a cosmological constant by explicitly comparing SNe residing in galaxies likely to contain negligible dust with the larger sample. The cosmological parameters derived from these SNe Ia hosted by presumed dust-free early-type galaxies support earlier claims for a cosmological constant, which we demonstrate at ≃5σ significance, and the internal extinction implied is small even for late-type systems (A[sub B] < 0.2) . Thus, our data demonstrate that host galaxy extinction is unlikely to systematically dim distant SNe Ia in a manner that would produce a spurious cosmological constant. Our analysis is based on new Hubble Space Telescope STIS ‘snapshot’ images and Keck-II echellette spectroscopy at the locations of the SNe, spanning the redshift range 0 < z < 0.8 . Selecting from the sample discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP), we classify the host galaxies of 39 distant SNe using the combination of STIS imaging, Keck spectroscopy and ground-based broad-band photometry. The distant data are analysed in comparison with a low-redshift sample of 25 SNe Ia re-calibrated according to the precepts of the SCP. The scatter observed in the SNe Ia Hubble diagrams correlates closely with host galaxy morphology. We find this scatter is smallest for SNe Ia occurring in early-type hosts and largest for those occurring in late-type galaxies. Moreover, SNe residing in late-type hosts appear ≃ 0.14 ± 0.09 mag fainter in their light-curve-width-corrected luminosity than those in early-type hosts, as expected if a modest amount of dust extinction is a contributing factor. As in previous studies, these results are broadly independent of whether corrections based upon SN light-curve shapes are performed. We also use our high-redshift data set to search for morphological dependences in the SNe light curves, as are sometimes seen in low-redshift samples. No significant trends are found, possibly because the range of light-curve widths is too limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL photometry
KW  - cosmological parameters
KW  - cosmology: observations
KW  - distance scale
KW  - supernovae: general
N1  - Accession Number: 9481732; Sullivan, M. 1 Ellis, R. S. 2 Aldering, G. 3 Amanullah, R. 4 Astier, P. 5 Blanc, G. 3 Burns, M. S. 6 Conley, A. 3 Deustua, S. E. 3 Doi, M. 7 Fabbro, S. 8 Folatelli, G. 4 Fruchter, A. S. 9 Garavini, G. 4 Gibbons, R. 3 Goldhaber, G. 3 Goobar, A. 4 Groom, D. E. 3 Hardin, D. 5 Hook, I. 10; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE  2: California Institute of Technology, E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  3: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SCFAB, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden  5: LPNHE, CNRS-IN2P3, University of Paris VI & VII, Paris, France  6: Colorado College, 14 East Cache La Poudre Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80903, USA  7: Department of Astronomy and Research Centre for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan  8: IST, Lisbon, Portugal  9: Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  10: Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Nuclear & Astrophysics Laboratory, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH; Source Info: 4/21/2003, Vol. 340 Issue 4, p1057; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL photometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmological parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: distance scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: supernovae: general; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06312.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9481732&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sumi, T.
AU  - Eyer, L.
AU  - Wozniak, P. R.
T1  - Measurements of streaming motions of the Galactic bar with red clump giants.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 340
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1346
EP  - 1352
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - ABSTRACT We report a measurement of the streaming motion of the stars in the Galactic bar with the red clump giants (RCGs) using the data of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment II (OGLE-II). We measure the proper motion of 46 961 stars and divide RCGs into bright and faint subsamples that on average will be closer to the near and far sides of the bar, respectively. We find that the far-side RCGs (4979 stars) have a proper motion of Δ<μ>∼ 1.5 ± 0.11 mas yr[sup -1] toward the negative l relative to the near-side RCGs (3610 stars). This result can be explained by stars in the bar rotating around the Galactic Centre in the same direction as the Sun with v[sub b]∼ 100 km s[sup -1] . In the disc star (DS) and red giant (RG) samples, we do not find significant difference between bright and faint subsamples. For those samples Δ<μ>∼ 0.3 ± 0.14 mas yr[sup -1] and ∼0.03 ± 0.14 mas yr[sup -1] , respectively. It is likely that the average proper motion of RG stars is the same as that of the Galactic Centre. The proper motion of DSs with respect to RGs is ∼3.3 mas yr[sup -1] toward positive l. This value is consistent with the expectations for a flat rotation curve and solar motion with respect to local standard of rest. RGs have proper motion approximately equal to the average of bright and faint RCGs, which implies that they are on average near the centre of the bar. This pilot project demonstrates that OGLE-II data may be used to study streaming motions of stars in the Galactic bar. We intend to extend this work to all 49 OGLE-II fields in the Galactic bulge region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RED giants
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - SOLAR system
KW  - MOTION in space
KW  - Galaxy: bulge
KW  - Galaxy: centre
KW  - Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics
KW  - Galaxy: structure
N1  - Accession Number: 9481710; Sumi, T. 1 Eyer, L. 1 Wozniak, P. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton University Observatory, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 4/21/2003, Vol. 340 Issue 4, p1346; Subject Term: RED giants; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: SOLAR system; Subject Term: MOTION in space; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: bulge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: centre; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: structure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06411.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9481710&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhat, P.C.
T1  - Run II physics at the Fermilab Tevatron and advanced analysis methods
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Fermilab Tevatron has the unique opportunity to explore physics at the electroweak scale with the highest ever proton–antiproton collision energy of <f>√ of <RCD>s</RCD>=1.96 TeV</f> and unprecedented luminosity. About 20 times more data are expected to be collected during the first phase of the collider Run II, which is in its second year of data-taking. The second phase of Run II, expected to begin in 2005, will increase the integrated luminosity to about 10–15 <f>fb−1</f>. Discovering a low-mass Higgs boson and evidence for Supersymmetry or other new physics beyond the Standard Model are the main physics goals for Run II. It is widely recognized that the use of advanced analysis methods will be crucial to achieve these goals. I discuss the current status of Run II at the Tevatron, prospects and foreseen applications of advanced analysis methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - Advanced data analysis
KW  - Fermilab Tevatron Run II physics
KW  - Multivariate
N1  - Accession Number: 9661581; Bhat, P.C. 1; Email Address: pushpa@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p327; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermilab Tevatron Run II physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00438-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661581&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terekhov, I.
T1  - Meta-computing at D0
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 402
SN  - 01689002
AB  - D0 Run II is one of the two large collider experiments at Fermilab and one of the largest currently running High Energy Physics Experiments in the world. Its amount of data, throughput of data processing, and the size of the collaboration present a unique challenge for the experiment''s meta-computing system. To meet the challenge, the SAMGrid system is being developed to allow globally distributed, high-throughput data processing with many Grid features. At the core of the system is the mature data handling system, SAM. We add the Job and Information Management to the data handling to arrive at a complete Grid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
N1  - Accession Number: 9661595; Terekhov, I. 1; Email Address: terekhov@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p402; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00452-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661595&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson, D.L.
AU  - Perl, J.
T1  - Interfacing interactive data analysis tools with the GRID: the PPDG CS-11 activity
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
SN  - 01689002
AB  - For today''s physicists, who work in large geographically distributed collaborations, the data grid promises significantly greater capabilities for analysis of experimental data and production of physics results than is possible with today''s “remote access” technologies. The goal of letting scientists at their home institutions interact with and analyze data as if they were physically present at the major laboratory that houses their detector and computer center has yet to be accomplished. The Particle Physics Data Grid project (www.ppdg.net) has recently embarked on an effort to “Interface and Integrate Interactive Data Analysis Tools with the grid and identify Common Components and Services”. The initial activities are to collect known and identify new requirements for grid services and analysis tools from a range of current and future experiments (ALICE, ATLAS, BaBar, D0, CMS, JLab, STAR, others welcome), to determine if existing plans for tools and services meet these requirements. Follow-on activities will foster the interaction between grid service developers, analysis tool developers, experiment analysis framework developers and end user physicists, and will identify and carry out specific development/integration work so that interactive analysis tools utilizing grid services actually provide the capabilities that users need. This talk will summarize what we know of requirements for analysis tools and grid services, as well as describe the identified areas where more development work is needed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - Computing
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Grid
KW  - Network
N1  - Accession Number: 9661600; Olson, D.L. 1; Email Address: dlolson@lbl.gov Perl, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p420; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00457-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661600&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baranovski, A.
AU  - Garzoglio, G.
AU  - Koutaniemi, H.
AU  - Lueking, L.
AU  - Patil, S.
AU  - Pordes, R.
AU  - Rana, A.
AU  - Terekhov, I.
AU  - Veseli, S.
AU  - Yu, J.
AU  - Walker, R.
AU  - White, V.
T1  - The SAM-GRID project: architecture and plan
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
SN  - 01689002
AB  - SAM is a robust distributed file-based data management and access service, fully integrated with the D0 experiment at Fermilab and in phase of evaluation at the CDF experiment. The goal of the SAM-Grid project is to fully enable distributed computing for the experiments. The architecture of the project is composed of three primary functional blocks: the job handling, data handling, and monitoring and information services. Job handling and monitoring/information services are built on top of standard grid technologies (Condor-G/Globus Toolkit), which are integrated with the data handling system provided by SAM. The plan is devised to provide the users incrementally increasing levels of capability over the next 2 years. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILE organization (Computer science)
KW  - DATA analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9661601; Baranovski, A. 1 Garzoglio, G. 1; Email Address: garzogli@fnal.gov Koutaniemi, H. 2 Lueking, L. 1 Patil, S. 3 Pordes, R. 1 Rana, A. 3 Terekhov, I. 1 Veseli, S. 1 Yu, J. 3 Walker, R. 4 White, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Computing Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Espoo-Vantaa Institute of Technology, Espoo, Finland  3: University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, USA  4: Imperial College, London, UK; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p423; Subject Term: FILE organization (Computer science); Subject Term: DATA analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00458-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661601&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaniachine, A.
T1  - Data Challenges in ATLAS computing
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 446
SN  - 01689002
AB  - ATLAS computing is steadily progressing towards a highly functional software suite, plus a World Wide computing model which gives all ATLAS equal and equal quality of access to ATLAS data. A key component in the period before the LHC is a series of Data Challenges of increasing scope and complexity. The goals of the ATLAS Data Challenges are the validation of the computing model, of the complete software suite, of the data model, and to ensure the correctness of the technical choices to be made. We are committed to ‘common solutions’ and look forward to the LHC Computing Grid being the vehicle for providing these in an effective way. In close collaboration between the Grid and Data Challenge communities ATLAS is testing large-scale testbed prototypes around the world, deploying prototype components to integrate and test Grid software in a production environment, and running DC1 production at 39 ‘tier’ centers in 18 countries on four continents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WORLD Wide Web
KW  - DATA analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9661609; Vaniachine, A. 1; Email Address: vaniachine@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p446; Subject Term: WORLD Wide Web; Subject Term: DATA analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00465-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661609&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ratnikova, N.
AU  - Sciaba, A.
AU  - Wynhoff, S.
T1  - Distributing applications in distributed environment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 458
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Software distribution is a process of delivering software products to the users. It is an essential part of the software process. The complexity of this task increases in the highly geographically dispersed collaborations, such as modern HEP experiments. This paper focuses on general requirements to the software distribution system, main problems and various solutions. New requirements specific to the successful software operation in the GRID environment are discussed. We describe the current organization of the CMS software distribution and automated tools developed and used for the software distribution within the Collaboration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - PACKAGING
KW  - Automation
KW  - GRID
KW  - Packaging
KW  - Software distribution
KW  - Software environment
N1  - Accession Number: 9661614; Ratnikova, N. 1; Email Address: natasha@fnal.gov Sciaba, A. 2 Wynhoff, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, MS 234, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, CNAF, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy  3: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p458; Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Subject Term: PACKAGING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automation; Author-Supplied Keyword: GRID; Author-Supplied Keyword: Packaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software environment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561910 Packaging and Labeling Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541420 Industrial Design Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00469-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661614&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fine, V.E.
AU  - Fisyak, Y.V.
AU  - Nevski, P.
AU  - Wenaus, T.
T1  - OO/C++ reconstruction model based on GEANT3
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 673
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An OO reconstruction model providing access to a GEANT3 geometry has been developed within the ROOT framework. The model includes classes to store GEANT3 simulated detector response (digits) and tools supporting navigation from digits to the geometry and vice versa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - OBJECT-oriented methods (Computer science)
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - GEANT3
KW  - Geometry
KW  - Navigation
KW  - Reconstruction
KW  - ROOT
N1  - Accession Number: 9661688; Fine, V.E. 1 Fisyak, Y.V.; Email Address: fisyak@bnl.gov Nevski, P. 1 Wenaus, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p673; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: OBJECT-oriented methods (Computer science); Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: GEANT3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navigation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROOT; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00540-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661688&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fine, V.E.
T1  - Cross-platform Qt-based implementation of low level GUI layer of ROOT
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper describes an implementation of the low-level layer of the ROOT package based on the multi-platform graphics library. This approach allows ROOT developers and ROOT users to work with a code that has no X11/WIN32 graphics subsystem dependencies and at the same time opens an unrestricted access to a rich set of ready-to-use commercial and free GUI Qt-based widgets, which are available for download from http://root.bnl.gov Web site. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER graphics
KW  - USER interfaces (Computer systems)
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - 07.05.Rm
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Cross-platform
KW  - GUI
KW  - OO
KW  - ROOT
N1  - Accession Number: 9661691; Fine, V.E. 1; Email Address: fine@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11793, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p681; Subject Term: COMPUTER graphics; Subject Term: USER interfaces (Computer systems); Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Rm; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-platform; Author-Supplied Keyword: GUI; Author-Supplied Keyword: OO; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROOT; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00542-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661691&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arce, P.
AU  - Banerjee, S.
AU  - Boccali, T.
AU  - Case, M.
AU  - de Roeck, A.
AU  - Lara, V.
AU  - Liendl, M.
AU  - Nikitenko, A.
AU  - Schroder, M.
AU  - Straessner, A.
AU  - Wellisch, H.P.
AU  - Wenzel, H.
T1  - Simulation framework and XML detector description for the CMS experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Currently CMS event simulation is based on GEANT3 while the detector description is built from different sources for simulation and reconstruction. A new simulation framework based on GEANT4 is under development. A full description of the detector is available, and the tuning of the GEANT4 performance and the checking of the ability of the physics processes to describe the detector response is ongoing. Its integration on the CMS mass production system and GRID is also currently under development. The Detector Description Database project aims at providing a common source of information for Simulation, Reconstruction, Analysis, and Visualisation, while allowing for different representations as well as specific information for each application. A functional prototype, based on XML, is already released. Also examples of the integration of DDD in the GEANT4 simulation and in the reconstruction applications are provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XML (Document markup language)
KW  - OBJECT-oriented methods (Computer science)
KW  - CMS experiment
KW  - GEANT4
KW  - Object-oriented software
N1  - Accession Number: 9661693; Arce, P. 1,2; Email Address: pedro.arce@cern.ch Banerjee, S. 3 Boccali, T. 4 Case, M. 5 de Roeck, A. 6 Lara, V. 6 Liendl, M. 7 Nikitenko, A. 8 Schroder, M. 6 Straessner, A. 6 Wellisch, H.P. 6 Wenzel, H. 9; Affiliation:  1: CERN, Geneva 23 1211, Switzerland  2: CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain  3: Tata Institute, Bombay, India  4: INFN Bari, Italy  5: UC Davis, California, USA  6: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland  7: HEPHY, Vienna, Austria  8: Imperial College, UK  9: Fermilab, Chicago, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p687; Subject Term: XML (Document markup language); Subject Term: OBJECT-oriented methods (Computer science); Author-Supplied Keyword: CMS experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: GEANT4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Object-oriented software; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00544-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson, D.L.
T1  - Summary of parallel session I: grid testbeds and applications
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 807
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper is a summary of talks presented at ACAT 2002 in parallel session I on grid testbeds and applications. There were 12 presentations on this topic that show a lot of enthusiasm and hard work by many people in bringing physics applications onto the grid. There are encouraging success stories and also a clear view that the middleware has a way to go until it is as robust, reliable and complete as we would like it to be. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Grid
KW  - Portal
N1  - Accession Number: 9661740; Olson, D.L. 1; Email Address: dlolson@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p807; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Portal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00606-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fine, V.E.
AU  - Naumann, N.A.
T1  - Innovative algorithms and tools summary and outlook
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 823
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This contribution provides a summary of the “Session IV: Innovative Algorithms and Tools”. The “tools” portion of the session IV comprised three oral sessions, 12 talks by seven speakers, and three posters. The algorithmic part was covered by 15 talks and three poster presentations. We will try to give a summary of the main development directions, and state our personal views and interpretation on it as well as an outlook. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - 07.05.Wr
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Algorithm
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Method
KW  - Stimulation
KW  - Tools
KW  - Visualization
N1  - Accession Number: 9661745; Fine, V.E. 1; Email Address: fine@bnl.gov Naumann, N.A. 2; Email Address: axel@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA  2: Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen, EHEF, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 502 Issue 2/3, p823; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Wr; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Innovation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stimulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tools; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visualization; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00610-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9661745&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krasnitz, Alex
AU  - Nara, Yasushi
AU  - Venugopalan, Raju
T1  - Gluon production in the Color Glass Condensate model of collisions of ultrarelativistic finite nuclei
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 717
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 268
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We extend previous work on high energy nuclear collisions in the Color Glass Condensate model to study collisions of finite ultrarelativistic nuclei. The changes implemented include (a) imposition of color neutrality at the nucleon level and (b) realistic nuclear matter distributions of finite nuclei. The saturation scale characterizing the fields of color charge is explicitly position-dependent, <f>Λs=Λs(xT)</f>. We compute gluon distributions both before and after the collisions. The gluon distribution in the nuclear wavefunction before the collision is significantly suppressed below the saturation scale when compared to the simple McLerran–Venugopalan model prediction, while the behavior at large momentum <f>pT≫Λs</f> remains unchanged. We study the centrality dependence of produced gluons and compare it to the centrality dependence of charged hadrons exhibited by the RHIC data. We demonstrate the geometrical scaling property of the initial gluon transverse momentum distributions for different centralities. Classical Yang–Mills results for <f>pT<Λs</f> are simply matched to perturbative QCD computations for <f>pT>Λs</f>—the resulting energy per particle is significantly lower than the purely classical estimates. Our results for nuclear collisions can be used as initial conditions for quantitative studies of the further evolution and possible equilibration of hot and dense gluonic matter produced in heavy ion collisions. Finally, we study pA collisions within the classical framework. Our results agree well with previously derived analytical results in the appropriate kinematical regions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FINITE nuclei
N1  - Accession Number: 9192425; Krasnitz, Alex 1 Nara, Yasushi 2; Email Address: ynara@physics.arizona.edu Venugopalan, Raju 2,3; Affiliation:  1: FCT and CENTRA, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, P-8000 Faro, Portugal  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 717 Issue 3/4, p268; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FINITE nuclei; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)00636-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9192425&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burdman, Gustavo
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
T1  - Unification of Higgs and gauge fields in five dimensions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 656
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We construct realistic theories in which the Higgs fields arise from extra-dimensional components of higher-dimensional gauge fields. In particular, we present a minimal 5D <f>SU(3)C×SU(3)W</f> model and a unified 5D <f>SU(6)</f> model. In both cases the theory is reduced to the minimal supersymmetric standard model below the compactification scale, with the two Higgs doublets arising from the 5D gauge multiplet. Quarks and leptons are introduced in the bulk, giving Yukawa couplings without conflicting with higher-dimensional gauge invariance. Despite the fact that they arise from higher-dimensional gauge interactions, the sizes of these Yukawa couplings can be different from the 4D gauge couplings due to wave-function profiles of the matter zero modes determined by bulk mass parameters. All unwanted fields are made heavy by introducing appropriate matter and superpotentials on branes, which are also the source of intergenerational mixings in the low-energy Yukawa matrices. The theory can accommodate a realistic structure for the Yukawa couplings as well as small neutrino masses. Scenarios for supersymmetry breaking and the <f>μ</f>-term generation are also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 9342362; Burdman, Gustavo 1; Email Address: gaburdman@lbl.gov Nomura, Yasunori 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 656 Issue 1/2, p3; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00088-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9342362&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Granik, A.
AU  - Chapline, G.
T1  - Transition from quantum to classical information in a superfluid
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 310
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 252
SN  - 03759601
AB  - Whereas the entropy of any deterministic classical system described by a principle of least action is zero, one can assign a “quantum entropy” to quantum mechanical degree of freedom equal to Hausdorff area of the deviation from a classical path. This raises the question whether superfluids carry quantum information. We show that in general the transition from the classical to quantum behavior depends on the probing length scale, and occurs for microscopic length scales except when the interactions between the particles are very weak. This result illustrates the different roles that weakly interacting particles as photons vs. the particles in quantum fluids such as He4, He3, or <f>XY</f> ferromagnets might play in quantum information processes. In the context of regarding spacetime as a quantum superfluid our result provides a natural explanation why under ordinary circumstances physics is described by classical equations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - ENTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 9446108; Granik, A. 1; Email Address: agranik1@attbi.com Chapline, G. 2; Email Address: chapline1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 310 Issue 4, p252; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00370-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brusov, Peter
AU  - Brusov, Paul
AU  - Lawes, Gavin
AU  - Lee, Chong
AU  - Matsubara, Akira
AU  - Ishikawa, Osamu
AU  - Majumdar, Pinaki
T1  - Novel sound phenomena in superfluid helium in aerogel and other impure superfluids
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/04/21/
VL  - 310
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 03759601
AB  - During the last decade new techniques for producing impure superfluids with unique properties have been developed. This new class of systems includes superfluid helium confined to aerogel, HeII with different impurities (D2, N2, Ne, Kr), superfluids in Vycor glasses, and watergel. These systems exhibit very unusual properties including unexpected acoustic features. We discuss the sound properties of these systems and show that sound phenomena in impure superfluids are modified from those in pure superfluids. We calculate the coupling between temperature and pressure oscillations for impure superfluids and for superfluid He in aerogel. We show that the coupling between these two sound modes is governed either by <f>c∂ρ/∂c</f> or <f>σρaρs</f> (for aerogel) rather than thermal expansion coefficient <f>∂ρ/∂T</f>, which is enormously small in pure superfluids. This replacement plays a fundamental role in all sound phenomena in impure superfluids. It enhances the coupling between the two sound modes that leads to the existence of such phenomena as the slow mode and heat pulse propagation with the velocity of first sound observed in superfluids in aerogel. This means that it is possible to observe in impure superfluids such unusual sound phenomena as slow pressure (density) waves and fast temperature (entropy) waves. The enhancement of the coupling between the two sound modes decreases the threshold values for nonlinear processes as compared to pure superfluids. Sound conversion, which has been observed in pure superfluids only by shock waves should be observed at moderate sound amplitude in impure superfluids. Cˇerenkov emission of second sound by first sound (which never been observed in pure superfluids) could be observed in impure superfluids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - HELIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 9446115; Brusov, Peter 1,2; Email Address: pnb1983@yahoo.com Brusov, Paul 3 Lawes, Gavin 4 Lee, Chong 5 Matsubara, Akira 6 Ishikawa, Osamu 7 Majumdar, Pinaki 2; Affiliation:  1: Low Temperature Laboratory, Physical Research Institute, 194 Stachki Ave., Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia  2: Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad 211019, India  3: Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Strathclyde University, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Physics Department, Hannam University, Daedukgu, Taejon, South Korea  6: Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan  7: Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 310 Issue 4, p311; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: HELIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00347-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, D.
AU  - Roszak, S.
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
AU  - Nitsche, H.
T1  - Theoretical study of aqueous uranyl carbonate (<f>UO2CO3</f>) and its hydrated complexes: <f>UO2CO3·nH2O</f> (<f>n=1</f>–3)
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 372
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 232
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Extensive ab initio calculations have been carried out to study the structure and bonding of hydrated <f>UO2CO3</f> complexes using state-of-the-art techniques. The structures of aqueous <f>UO2CO3</f> and its hydrated complexes have been further studied by considering the solvent as a polarizable continuum dielectric. The calculations have been carried out using polarization continuum, self-consistent isodensity polarizable continuum model, and conductor like screen models. The calculated uranyl frequencies of the hydrated <f>UO2CO3</f> have been compared with the available vibrational frequencies and the nature of water binding has been analyzed using energy decomposition techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBONATES
KW  - HYDRATES
N1  - Accession Number: 9446151; Majumdar, D. 1 Roszak, S. 1,2 Balasubramanian, K. 1,3,4; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu Nitsche, H. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland  3: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 372 Issue 1/2, p232; Subject Term: CARBONATES; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00404-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhai
AU  - H.-J.
AU  - Kiran
AU  - B.
AU  - Wang
AU  - L.-S.
T1  - Electronic and Structural Evolution of Monoiron Sulfur Clusters, FeSn- and FeSn (n = 1−6), from Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2821
EP  - 2828
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We report a photoelectron spectroscopic investigation of a series of monoiron−sulfur clusters FeSn- (n = 1−6) at various photon energies. Vibrationally resolved spectra were measured for FeS- and FeS3-. A wealth of electronic structure information was obtained for FeS and were tentatively assigned, yielding a 5Δ ground state for FeS and a 7Σ+ and a 5Δ excited state at 0.675 and 1.106 eV above the ground state, respectively. Franck−Condon factor simulations were performed for the vibrationally resolved 5Δ ground state and the 5Δ excited state, yielding an Fe−S bond length of 2.18 and 2.29 Å for the anion ground state and the 5Δ excited state, respectively, as well as a vibrational temperature of 180 K for the anion. The electron affinities (EA's) of FeSn were measured to be 1.725 ± 0.10, 3.222 ± 0.009, 2.898 ± 0.008, 3.129 ± 0.008, 3.262 ± 0.010, and 3.52 ± 0.02 eV for n = 1−6, respectively. A significant EA increase was only observed from FeS to FeS2, whereas all larger species FeSn (n = 3−6) possess EA's similar to that of FeS2 within ±0.3 eV. By comparing the trend of EA in FeSn to that of FeOn, we proposed that all the FeSn- (n > 1) species take (Sm2-)Fe3+(Sn-m2-) type structures, in which Fe assumes its favorite +3 formal oxidation state. Preliminary density functional calculations were carried out and the obtained structures support the proposed structural evolution of the FeSn- clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 20224736; Zhai H.-J. 1 Kiran B. 1 Wang L.-S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 16, p2821; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gilbert
AU  - B.
AU  - Frazer
AU  - B. H.
AU  - Belz
AU  - A.
AU  - Conrad
AU  - P. G.
AU  - Nealson
AU  - K. H.
AU  - Haskel
AU  - D.
AU  - Lang
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Srajer
AU  - G.
AU  - De Stasio
T1  - Multiple Scattering Calculations of Bonding and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Manganese Oxides.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2839
EP  - 2847
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We present near edge X-ray absorption spectra of manganese oxides at the Mn L2,3, Mn K, and O K edges to investigate the relative sensitivity of the edges to bonding and structure. Collectively, the spectra probe local electronic structure and intermediate range crystal structure. Spin independent full multiple scattering calculations of the Mn K edge give good agreement with data above threshold and qualitatively reproduce the prepeak that is observed for each compound. We show that the apparent prepeak for MnO is not due to p−d hybridization at the Mn atom (in accordance with symmetry principles) or quadrupolar transitions but originates from multiple scattering within the fifth shell. We present spin dependent multiple scattering calculations of the O K edge and show that this edge allows for a more direct description of the 3d states than either the Mn L edge or K edge prepeak, which are complicated by multiplet effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 20224738; Gilbert B. 1 Frazer B. H. 1 Belz A. 1 Conrad P. G. 1 Nealson K. H. 1 Haskel D. 1 Lang J. C. 1 Srajer G. 1 De Stasio; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, and Synchrotron Radiation Center, University of Wisconsin, 3731 Schneider Drive, Stoughton, Wisconsin 53589, Institut de Physique Appliquee, Ecole Polytechnique Federal de Lausanne, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasedena, California, and Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 16, p2839; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Niu
AU  - S.
AU  - Wang
AU  - X.-B.
AU  - Nichols
AU  - J. A.
AU  - L.-S.
AU  - Ichiye
AU  - T.
T1  - Combined Quantum Chemistry and Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Electronic Structure and Reduction Potentials of Rubredoxin Redox Site Analogues.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2898
EP  - 2907
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Iron−sulfur proteins are an important class of electron carriers in a wide variety of biological reactions. Determining the intrinsic contribution of the metal site to the redox potential is crucial in understanding how the protein environment influences the overall redox properties of the Fe−S proteins. Here we combine density functional theory and coupled cluster methods with photodetachment spectroscopy to study the electronic structures and gas-phase redox potentials of the [Fe(SCH3)4]2-/-/0 and [Fe(SCH3)3]-/0 analogues of the rubredoxin redox site. The calculations show that oxidations of [Fe(SCH3)4]2- and [Fe(SCH3)4]- involve mainly the Fe 3d and S 3p orbitals, respectively. The calculated adiabatic and vertical detachment energies are in good agreement with the experiment for [Fe(SCH3)3]- and [Fe(SCH3)4]-. The current results further confirm the “inverted level scheme” for the high-spin [1Fe] systems. The redox couple, [Fe(SCH3)4]-/2-, which is the one found in rubredoxin, but cannot be accessed experimentally in the gas phase, was investigated using a thermodynamic cycle that relates it to the [Fe(SCH3)3]-/0 couple and the ligand association reaction, [Fe(SCH3)3]0/- + SCH3- → [Fe(SCH3)4]-/2-. The calculated reduction energy of [Fe(SCH3)4]- (1.7 eV) compares well with the value (1.6 eV) estimated from the calculated bond energies and the experimental detachment energy of [Fe(SCH3)3]-. Thus, this thermodynamic cycle method can be used to estimate metal−ligand bonding energies and determine intrinsic reduction potentials from photodetachment experiments when the reduced forms are not stable in the gas phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 20224746; Niu S. 1 Wang X.-B. 1 Nichols J. A. 1 L.-S. 1 Ichiye T. 1; Affiliation:  1: School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4660, Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 16, p2898; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Apra
AU  - E.
AU  - Fortunelli
AU  - A.
T1  - Density-Functional Calculations on Platinum Nanoclusters:  Pt13, Pt38, and Pt55.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2934
EP  - 2942
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The results of an accurate density-functional study of the structure, energetics and electronic structure of Ptn clusters (with n = 13, 38, and 55) are presented. For Pt38, a truncated octahedral geometry is considered; for Pt13 and Pt55, icosahedral, truncated decahedral, and cuboctahedral geometries are considered. In each case, the structure of the neutral and positively and negatively charged clusters is fully optimized within the given symmetry group. For Pt13, allowing symmetry breaking starting from the symmetrical structures derives additional local minima. The computational procedure is thoroughly tested to keep numerical accuracy under control. From the electronic structure point of view, it is found that these systems start developing metallic characteristics, with ionization introducing small changes. From the structural point of view, for Pt13 the icosahedral configuration is not favored, whereas it becomes the ground state for Pt55, in agreement with the predictions of atom−atom potentials. Moreover, the lowest energy configuration of Pt13 is a symmetry-broken D4h one, while for Pt38 and Pt55 a peculiar rearrangement is found, corresponding to an expansion (reconstruction) of the atoms lying on (111) or (100) faces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 20224750; Apra E. 1 Fortunelli A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theory, Modeling & Simulation, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richmond, Washington 99352, and Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (IPCF) del C.N.R., via V. Alfieri 1, 56010, Ghezzano (PI), Italy; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 16, p2934; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith
AU  - M. R. Jr.
AU  - Bittner
AU  - E. W.
AU  - Shi
AU  - W.
AU  - Johnson
AU  - J. K.
AU  - Bockrath
AU  - B. C.
T1  - Chemical Activation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Hydrogen Adsorption.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3752
EP  - 3760
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Adsorption isotherms for hydrogen on single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) subjected to various types of pretreatment have been measured by a tapered-element oscillating mass analyzer. Isotherms at room temperature over a range of pressures up to 48 bar have been measured. We demonstrate that activation of the SWNT samples by mild oxidation in CO2, followed by heat treatment in an inert atmosphere, increases the hydrogen adsorption capacity of the SWNT samples by about a factor of 3 at 48 bar. Computer simulations have been performed to model the adsorption isotherms. Bundles of homogeneous (all the same diameter) and heterogeneous (composed of a number of different diameters) nanotubes have been considered. Isotherms computed using a standard graphitic potential for the nanotubes give remarkably good agreement with the experimentally measured isotherms before activation with CO2. The effect of activation is modeled by independently increasing the nanotube spacing and the solid−fluid interaction potential. We find that nanotube spacing alone cannot account for the measured increase in adsorption capacity. Increasing the interaction potential gives isotherms that are qualitatively different from experiments, while a combination of increased nanotube spacing and increased solid−fluid potential gives rough agreement with experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 20224879; Smith M. R. Jr. 1 Bittner E. W. 1 Shi W. 1 Johnson J. K. 1 Bockrath B. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 107 Issue 16, p3752; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rob J. De Boer
AU  - Hiroshi Mohri
AU  - David D. Ho
AU  - Alan S. Perelson
T1  - Estimating average cellular turnover from 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) measurements.
JO  - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
JF  - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 270
IS  - 1517
M3  - Article
SP  - 849
EP  - 858
SN  - 09628452
AB  - Cellular turnover rates in the immune system can be determined by labelling dividing cells with 5-bromo2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) or deuterated glucose (2H-glucose). To estimate the turnover rate from such measurements one has to fit a particular mathematical model to the data. The biological assumptions underlying various models developed for this purpose are controversial. Here, we fit a series of different models to BrdU data on CD4+ T cells from SIV- and SIV+ rhesus macaques. We first show that the parameter estimates obtained using these models depend strongly on the details of the model. To resolve this lack of generality we introduce a new parameter for each model, the 'average turnover rate', defined as the cellular death rate averaged over all subpopulations in the model. We show that very different models yield similar estimates of the average turnover rate, i.e. ca. 1% day-1 in uninfected monkeys and ca. 2% day-1 in SIV-infected monkeys. Thus, we show that one can use BrdU data from a possibly heterogeneous population of cells to estimate the average turnover rate of that population in a robust manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences is the property of Royal Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLS -- Physiology
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - GLUCOSE
N1  - Accession Number: 10395480; Rob J. De Boer 1 Hiroshi Mohri 2 David D. Ho 2 Alan S. Perelson 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Theoretical Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands  2: Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 270 Issue 1517, p849; Subject Term: CELLS -- Physiology; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Subject Term: GLUCOSE; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levi, Dean
AU  - Nelson, Brent P.
AU  - Reedy, Robert
T1  - Studying early time HWCVD growth of a-Si:H by real time spectroscopic ellipsometry
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We have applied real time spectroscopic ellipsometry and secondary ion mass spectrometry to study the growth of amorphous silicon by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition. Differences in temperature and hydrogen content affect the optical properties of the film. These effects provide valuable insight into the growth process. We have compared a-Si:H films grown at two different temperatures to better understand these effects. Our studies reveal the presence of a distinct 100–200-thick layer at the top of the growing film. The properties of this layer are primarily determined by the ambient conditions in the growth chamber and appear relatively independent of substrate temperature. In contrast, the properties of the bulk of the film are strongly influenced by substrate temperature. These results imply that differences in film properties associated with substrate temperature are the result of subsurface reconstruction and diffusion processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Hot-wire deposition
KW  - Hydrogenated amorphous silicon
KW  - In situ
KW  - Spectroscopic ellipsometry
N1  - Accession Number: 9856270; Levi, Dean; Email Address: dean_levi@nrel.gov Nelson, Brent P. 1 Reedy, Robert 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p20; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-wire deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenated amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopic ellipsometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00123-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Jie
AU  - Wolden, Colin A.
T1  - Modeling and measurement of film deposition in a one-dimensional hot-wire CVD system
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
SN  - 00406090
AB  - A novel hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HW-CVD) geometry was employed to study the deposition of Teflon-like films from hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO). In this configuration hot wires were replaced by thin ribbons, and under proper operating conditions the complex HW-CVD geometry is simplified to a one-dimensional system. The kinetics of both HFPO decomposition and Teflon deposition were measured as a function of operating conditions. A hybrid 2-D CFD/1-D stagnation flow model was used to interpret the results. At relatively low ribbon temperatures good agreement between model and experiment was observed. Deviations observed at higher ribbon temperatures were attributed to gas-phase polymerization of CF2 moieties, and participation of these oligomers in the deposition process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - POLYTEF
KW  - Hot-wire CVD
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Teflon
N1  - Accession Number: 9856272; Zhou, Jie 1 Wolden, Colin A. 2; Email Address: cwolden@mines.edu; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p28; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: POLYTEF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-wire CVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Teflon; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00126-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Qi
T1  - Combinatorial hot-wire CVD approach to exploring thin-film Si materials and devices
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 78
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Combinatorial approaches have become very powerful tools for discovering and optimizing new materials and devices. Increasing the experimental efficiency, i.e. the experimental throughput, is one of the central motivations for switching to a combinatorial approach. In this paper, the application of the combinatorial approach to researching amorphous-silicon-based materials and devices is demonstrated. Thin-film materials that gradually transition from amorphous to microcrystalline (μc) silicon with various hydrogen dilutions have been successfully, and rapidly, deposited on a single substrate using the hot-wire chemical vapor deposition technique. It is worth noting that no time is wasted in between loading, vacuuming, and heating the samples. Also, many thicknesses graded stripes can be grown on a substrate, allowing study of the thickness-dependent growth of the μc-Si. For device applications such as solar cells, the combinatorial approach can fabricate the solar cell in a way that permits rapid optimization of p-type, intrinsic, and n-type layers within the device structure. Also, a combination of n-, i- and p-layers allows the study of each layer as well as the combinations of each layer on a single substrate. Based on this initial study, the combinatorial approach has speeded up the rate of experimentation by at least a factor of 10. Additional increases ranging from 10 to 100 are foreseeable with the aid of computer control and automations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - COMBINATORIAL analysis
KW  - SILICON
KW  - μ
KW  - a-Si:H
KW  - c-Si
KW  - Combinatorial approach
KW  - HWCVD
N1  - Accession Number: 9856283; Wang, Qi 1; Email Address: qi_wang@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p78; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL analysis; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: μ; Author-Supplied Keyword: a-Si:H; Author-Supplied Keyword: c-Si; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combinatorial approach; Author-Supplied Keyword: HWCVD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00076-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tessler, Leandro R.
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Branz, Howard M.
T1  - The silicon neighborhood across the a-Si:H to μc-Si transition by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS)
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We report a synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the average neighborhood of Si near the transition from a-Si:H to μc-Si on wedge-shaped samples prepared by hot-wire CVD in a chamber using a movable shutter. The thickness of the wedge varies from 30 to 160 nm. Nucleation of μc-Si occurs at a critical thickness of approximately 100 nm. X-Ray absorption was measured at the Si K-edge (1.84 keV) by total electron photoemission yield. The absorption oscillations in the EXAFS region are very similar to all along the wedge. Analysis indicates an average tetrahedral first neighbor shell with radial disorder decreasing with crystallization. In the near-edge (XANES) region multiple scattering effects appear at the onset of crystallinity. Unlike single crystal silicon, these effects involve only double scattering within the first neighbor shell, indicating an ill-formed second shell in μc-Si. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - HWCVD
KW  - Microcrystalline silicon
KW  - XAFS
N1  - Accession Number: 9856284; Tessler, Leandro R. 1; Email Address: tessler@ifi.unicamp.br Wang, Qi 2 Branz, Howard M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Física ‘Gleb Wataghin’, Unicamp, C.P. 6165, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p83; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: HWCVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcrystalline silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAFS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00077-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856284&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Brent P.
AU  - Xu, Yueqin
AU  - Williamson, D.L.
AU  - Han, Daxing
AU  - Braunstein, Rubin
AU  - Boshta, M.
AU  - Alavi, B.
T1  - Narrow gap a-SiGe:H grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We have improved the quality of our narrow bandgap a-SiGe:H grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) by decreasing our W filament diameter and our substrate temperature. We now grow a-SiGe:H with Tauc bandgaps below 1.5 eV having a photoresponse equal to or better than our plasma enhanced CVD grown alloys. We enhanced the transport properties—as measured by the photoconductivity frequency mixing technique—relative to previous HWCVD results. These improved alloys do not necessarily show an improvement in the degree of structural heterogeneity on the nanometer scale as measured by small-angle X-ray scattering. Decreasing both the filament temperature and substrate temperature produced a film with relatively low structural heterogeneity while photoluminescence showed an order of magnitude increase in defect density for a similar change in the process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Alloy
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Hot-wire
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 9856289; Nelson, Brent P. 1; Email Address: brent_nelson@nrel.gov Xu, Yueqin 1 Williamson, D.L. 2 Han, Daxing 3 Braunstein, Rubin 4 Boshta, M. 4 Alavi, B. 4; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA  2: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p104; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-wire; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00085-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856289&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moutinho, H.R.
AU  - Jiang, C.-S.
AU  - Perkins, J.
AU  - Xu, Y.
AU  - Nelson, B.P.
AU  - Jones, K.M.
AU  - Romero, M.J.
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.M.
T1  - Effects of dilution ratio and seed layer on the crystallinity of microcrystalline silicon thin films deposited by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We deposited microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si) by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) at different thickness and dilution ratio, with and without seed layer. As the dilution ratio increased, we observed an increase in the amount of microcrystalline phase in the film, a change in the structure of the grains and a loss of the (220) preferential orientation. The films deposited over a seed layer had a larger fraction of crystalline phase than films deposited with the same parameters but without a seed layer. For high dilution ratios (R=100), most of the film grows epitaxially at the interface with the Si substrate, but a microcrystalline film slowly replaces the single-crystal phase. For low dilution ratios (R=14), the film starts growing mostly amorphously, but the amount of crystalline phase increases with thickness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Dilution ratio
KW  - Microcrystalline silicon
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Seed layer
N1  - Accession Number: 9856295; Moutinho, H.R.; Email Address: helio_moutinho@nrel.gov Jiang, C.-S. 1 Perkins, J. 1 Xu, Y. 1 Nelson, B.P. 1 Jones, K.M. 1 Romero, M.J. 1 Al-Jassim, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p135; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dilution ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcrystalline silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seed layer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00096-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856295&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, Daxing
AU  - Yue, Guozhen
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Shimizu, Tatsuo
T1  - Neutral dangling bonds may not be the dominant recombination centers for photoconductivity in hot-wire a-Si:H
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We explored the properties of the recombination centers in a-Si:H films deposited by HW-CVD compared to that by PE-CVD. Thermostimulated conductivity (TSC), electron spin resonance (ESR) and the constant photocurrent method (CPM) were measured before and after light soaking. We found that (a) the spectral lineshape of TSC and its light-induced changes show different features in HW- compared to those in PE-CVD films and (b) in the HW films the density of light-induced metastable defects, ΔNd, from CPM is larger than the ΔDo from ESR; however, in the PECVD films ΔNd is smaller than ΔDo. Some possible explanations are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Activation energy
KW  - Photodegradation
KW  - Recombination center
KW  - Thermostimulated current
N1  - Accession Number: 9856296; Han, Daxing 1; Email Address: daxing@physics.unc.edu Yue, Guozhen 1 Wang, Qi 2 Shimizu, Tatsuo 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: Faculty of Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8667, Japan; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p141; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activation energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination center; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermostimulated current; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00099-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856296&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williamson, D.L.
AU  - Marr, D.W.M.
AU  - Iwaniczko, E.
AU  - Nelson, B.P.
T1  - Small-angle neutron scattering studies of hot-wire CVD a-Si:H
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 192
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Several a-Si:H and a-Si:D films prepared by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition have been examined by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to search for H non-uniformity in this material. The SANS measurements were supplemented by small-angle X-ray scattering measurements. The differences in H/D detection sensitivity of these two techniques allow distinction of the scattering mechanisms. Two- or three-phase models are used to interpret the results quantitatively. Significant H non-uniformity, as well as a small fraction of microvoids, was found in the best-quality material. Samples grown with higher deposition rates or lower substrate temperatures have much larger void fractions. The size scale of the heterogeneity spans a range from 2 nm to more than 50 nm, with the largest features assigned to surface roughness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Amorphous materials
KW  - Hot-wire deposition
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Small-angle neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 9856309; Williamson, D.L. 1; Email Address: dwilliam@mines.edu Marr, D.W.M. 2 Iwaniczko, E. 3 Nelson, B.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p192; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-wire deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle neutron scattering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00109-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856309&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Yueqin
AU  - Nelson, B.P.
AU  - Gedvilas, L.M.
AU  - Reedy, R.C.
T1  - Improving narrow bandgap a-SiGe:H alloys grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We have improved the electronic properties of narrow-bandgap (Tauc gap below 1.5 eV) amorphous-silicon germanium alloys (a-SiGe:H) grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) by lowering the substrate temperature and deposition rate. Prior to this work, we were unable to grow a-SiGe:H alloys with bandgaps below 1.5 eV that had photo-to-dark conductivity ratios comparable with our plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD) grown materials [B.P. Nelson et al., Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. 507 (1998) 447]. Decreasing the filament diameter from our standard configuration of 0.5 mm to 0.38 or 0.25 mm provides first big improvements in the photoresponse of these alloys. Lowering the substrate temperature from our previous optimal temperatures (Tsub starting at 435 °C) to at 250 °C provides additional photo-to-dark conductivity ratio increasing by two orders of magnitude for growth conditions containing 20–30% GeH4 in the gas phase (relative to the total GeH4+SiH4 flow). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON alloys
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Amorphous-silicon germanium alloy
KW  - Filament
KW  - Optical bandgap
KW  - Photo-to-dark conductivity ratio
KW  - Photoresponse
KW  - Substrate
KW  - Tauc gap
N1  - Accession Number: 9856310; Xu, Yueqin; Email Address: yueqin_xu@nrel.gov Nelson, B.P. 1 Gedvilas, L.M. 1 Reedy, R.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p197; Subject Term: SILICON alloys; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous-silicon germanium alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filament; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical bandgap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photo-to-dark conductivity ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoresponse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tauc gap; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00110-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856310&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Page, M.R.
AU  - Xu, Yueqin
AU  - Iwaniczko, Eugene
AU  - Williams, Evan
AU  - Wang, T.H.
T1  - Development of a hot-wire chemical vapor deposition n-type emitter on p-type crystalline Si-based solar cells
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 208
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We have developed a p-type, crystalline Si-based solar cell using hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) n-type microcrystalline Si to form an n-p junction (emitter). The CVD process was rapid and a low substrate temperature was used. The p-type Czochralski (CZ) c-Si wafer has a thickness of 400 μm and has a thermally diffused Al back-field contact. Before forming the n-p junction, the front surface of the p-type c-Si was cleaned using a diluted HF solution to remove the native oxides. The n-type emitter was formed at 220 °C by depositing 50 A˚ a-Si:H and then a 100 A˚ μc-Si n-layer. The total deposition time to form the emitter was less than 1 min. The top contact of the device is a lithograph defined and isolated 1×1 cm2 and 780 A˚ indium tin oxides (ITO) with metal fingers on top. Our best solar cell conversion efficiency is 13.3% with Voc of 0.58 V, FF of 0.773, and Jsc of 29.86 mA cm−2 under one-sun condition. Quantum efficiency (QE) measurement on this solar cell shows over 90% in the region between 540 and 780 nm, but poor response in the blue and deep red. We find that the ITO top contact that acts as an antireflection layer increases the QE in the middle region. To improve the device efficiency further, Jsc needs to be increased. Better emitter and light trapping will be developed in future work. The cell shows no degradation after 1000 h of standard light soaking. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - c-Si solar cell
KW  - H treatment
KW  - HIT cells
KW  - HWCVD
N1  - Accession Number: 9856312; Wang, Qi 1; Email Address: qi_wang@nrel.gov Page, M.R. 1 Xu, Yueqin 1 Iwaniczko, Eugene 1 Williams, Evan 2 Wang, T.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p208; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: c-Si solar cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: H treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIT cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: HWCVD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00112-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856312&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iwaniczko, E.
AU  - Xu, Y.
AU  - Schropp, R.E.I.
AU  - Mahan, A.H.
T1  - Microcrystalline silicon for solar cells deposited at high rates by hot-wire CVD
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 212
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Using two tungsten (W) filaments and a filament–substrate spacing of 3.2 cm, we have explored the deposition of microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si) solar cells, with the i-layer deposited at high deposition rates (Rd), by the hot-wire CVD (HWCVD) technique. These cells were deposited in the n–i–p configuration on textured stainless steel (SS) substrates, and all layers were deposited by HWCVD. Thin, highly crystalline seed layers were used to facilitate crystallite formation at the n–i interface. Companion devices were also fabricated on flat SS substrates, enabling structural measurements (by XRD) to be performed on i-layers used in actual device structures. Using a filament temperature of 1750 °C, device performance was explored as a function of i-layer deposition conditions, including variations in i-layer substrate temperature (Tsub) using constant H2 dilution, and also variations in H2 dilution during i-layer deposition. The intent of the latter is to affect crystallinity at the top surface of the i-layer (i–p interface). We report device performance resulting from these studies, with all i-layers deposited at Rd>5 A˚/s, and correlate them with i-layer structural studies. The highest device efficiency reported is 6.57%, which is a record efficiency for an all-hot-wire solar cell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - Hot-wire CVD
KW  - Microcrystalline silicon
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 9856313; Iwaniczko, E. 1 Xu, Y. 1 Schropp, R.E.I. 2 Mahan, A.H. 1; Email Address: harv_mahan@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Utrecht University, Debye Institute, Physics of Devices, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p212; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-wire CVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcrystalline silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00113-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856313&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Jian
AU  - Branz, Howard M.
AU  - Crandall, Richard S.
AU  - Ward, Scott
AU  - Wang, Qi
T1  - Switching and filament formation in hot-wire CVD p-type a-Si:H devices
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We fabricate metal/a-Si/metal thin film switches which incorporate hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) Si layers. A H-diluted gas mixture is used to grow the B-doped, 1000 A˚ hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layers at approximately 10 A˚/s. We compare switching behavior in Cr/a-Si:H(p)/Ag and c-Si(p)/a-Si:H(p)/Ag structures containing p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon. We observed that the switching is polarity-dependent only in the sample on c-Si(p). Switching to a low-resistance state occurs at 0.4 mA/cm2 when any of the metal contacts are biased positive. When the c-Si(p) is biased positive holes are injected and no switching occurs even up to 4 A/cm2. We suggest that the switching requires a blocking metal/a-Si(p) contact, possibly because local electrical breakdown initiates metal filament formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - Filaments
KW  - Switching
N1  - Accession Number: 9856321; Hu, Jian; Email Address: jian_hu@nrel.gov Branz, Howard M. 1 Crandall, Richard S. 1 Ward, Scott 1 Wang, Qi 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p249; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filaments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Switching; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00117-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9856321&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, T.H.
AU  - Wang, Q.
AU  - Page, M.R.
AU  - Bauer, R.E.
AU  - Ciszek, T.F.
T1  - Hydrogen passivation and junction formation on APIVT-deposited thin-layer silicon by hot-wire CVD
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) technique was employed to deposit μc-Si emitters and a-SiNx:H passivation/antireflection films, and to hydrogenate silicon thin layers grown by atmospheric-pressure iodine vapor transport (APIVT). Photovoltaic devices with HWCVD μc-Si emitters on APIVT epitaxial silicon exhibit greater than 8% efficiency, similar to those made with diffused junctions. On polycrystalline APIVT-Si layers, a HWCVD-deposited μc-Si emitter reduces open-circuit voltage loss caused by grain boundaries. Hot-wire hydrogenation improves Hall mobility by approximately 50%. HWCVD a-SiNx:H films improve minority-carrier lifetime significantly after thermal annealing at temperatures up to 500 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - HETEROJUNCTIONS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - APIVT-silicon deposition
KW  - Heterojunction formation
KW  - Hot-wire CVD
KW  - Silicon nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 9856324; Wang, T.H.; Email Address: tihu_wang@nrel.gov Wang, Q. 1 Page, M.R. 1 Bauer, R.E. 1 Ciszek, T.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p261; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTIONS; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: APIVT-silicon deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterojunction formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-wire CVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon nitride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00125-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fortmann, C.M.
AU  - Mahan, A.H.
AU  - Ward, Scott
AU  - Anderson, W.A.
AU  - Tonucci, R.
AU  - Hata, N.
T1  - Hot-wire photonics: materials, science, and technology
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The prospect of an integrated photonic technology has fueled an effort to understand the optical properties and to gauge the photonic engineering potential of hydrogenated amorphous silicon-based materials. Of particular interest for photonic engineering is the tunable range of the refractive index in amorphous silicon and the fast and slow light induced optical changes. The advance of photonic-engineered amorphous silicon technology requires an investigation into the relationships among fabrication processes, material properties, and the interrelations among the various optically important parameters. Here, the experimental investigation into H-implant refractive engineered amorphous silicon materials is detailed. Interestingly, the H-implant can interact with the amorphous structure to produce compacting of the structure, which may indicate refractive index increase. In addition, the evolving prospects for an amorphous silicon-based photonic technology will be up-dated. Waveguide-based light valve structures for the further scientific investigation of light induced refractive index change in amorphous silicon and technological applications are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - H-implantation
KW  - Optical switches
KW  - Photonics
N1  - Accession Number: 9856328; Fortmann, C.M. 1; Email Address: fortmann@ams.sunysb.edu Mahan, A.H. 2 Ward, Scott 2 Anderson, W.A. 3 Tonucci, R. 4 Hata, N. 5; Affiliation:  1: Applied Math Department, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA  4: Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, DC 20375, USA  5: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST West, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p278; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: H-implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical switches; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photonics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00134-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dillon, A.C.
AU  - Mahan, A.H.
AU  - Alleman, J.L.
AU  - Heben, M.J.
AU  - Parilla, P.A.
AU  - Jones, K.M.
T1  - Hot-wire chemical vapor deposition of carbon nanotubes
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/04/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) has been employed for the continuous gas-phase generation of both carbon multi-wall and single-wall nanotube (MWNT and SWNT) materials. Graphitic MWNTs were produced at a very high density at a synthesis temperature of ∼600 °C. SWNTs were deposited at a much lower density on a glass substrate held at 450 °C. SWNTs are typically observed in large bundles that are stabilized by tube–tube van der Waals’ interactions. However, transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed only the presence of isolated SWNTs in these HWCVD-generated materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - Carbon multi-wall nanotubes (MWNTs)
KW  - Carbon single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs)
KW  - Ferrocene
KW  - Hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD)
N1  - Accession Number: 9856331; Dillon, A.C.; Email Address: adillon@nrel.gov Mahan, A.H. 1 Alleman, J.L. 1 Heben, M.J. 1 Parilla, P.A. 1 Jones, K.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 430 Issue 1/2, p292; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon multi-wall nanotubes (MWNTs); Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferrocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00084-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, Xiaolin L.
AU  - Bazan, J. Fernando
AU  - McDermott, Gerry
AU  - Park, Jong Bae
AU  - Wang, Kevin
AU  - Tessier-Lavigne, Marc
AU  - He, Zhigang
AU  - Garcia, K. Christopher
T1  - Structure of the Nogo Receptor Ectodomain: A Recognition Module Implicated in Myelin Inhibition
JO  - Neuron
JF  - Neuron
Y1  - 2003/04/24/
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 08966273
AB  - Failure of axon regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is at least partly due to inhibitory molecules associated with myelin. Recent studies suggest that an axon surface protein, the Nogo receptor (NgR), may play a role in this process through an unprecedented degree of crossreactivity with myelin-associated inhibitory ligands. Here, we report the 1.5 A˚ crystal structure and functional characterization of a soluble extracellular domain of the human Nogo receptor. Nogo receptor adopts a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) module whose concave exterior surface contains a broad region of evolutionarily conserved patches of aromatic residues, possibly suggestive of degenerate ligand binding sites. A deep cleft at the C-terminal base of the LRR may play a role in NgR association with the p75 coreceptor. These results now provide a detailed framework for focused structure-function studies aimed at assessing the physiological relevance of NgR-mediated protein-protein interactions to axon regeneration inhibition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neuron is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AXONS
KW  - REGENERATION (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 9613604; He, Xiaolin L. 1 Bazan, J. Fernando 1 McDermott, Gerry 2 Park, Jong Bae 3 Wang, Kevin 3 Tessier-Lavigne, Marc 4 He, Zhigang 2 Garcia, K. Christopher 1; Email Address: kcgarcia@stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA  2: Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: Division of Neuroscience, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  4: Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p177; Subject Term: AXONS; Subject Term: REGENERATION (Biology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00232-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9613604&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andreotti, M.
AU  - Bagnasco, S.
AU  - Baldini, W.
AU  - Bettoni, D.
AU  - Borreani, G.
AU  - Buzzo, A.
AU  - Calabrese, R.
AU  - Cester, R.
AU  - Cibinetto, G.
AU  - Dalpiaz, P.
AU  - Garzoglio, G.
AU  - Gollwitzer, K.
AU  - Graham, M.
AU  - Hu, M.
AU  - Joffe, D.
AU  - Kasper, J.
AU  - Lasio, G.
AU  - Lo Vetere, M.
AU  - Luppi, E.
AU  - Macrì, M.
T1  - Measurements of the magnetic form factor of the proton for timelike momentum transfers
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/04/24/
VL  - 559
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Fermilab experiment E835 has measured the cross section for the reaction <f>p¯p→e+e−</f> at <f>s=11.63</f>, 12.43, 14.40 and 18.22 GeV2. From the analysis of the 66 observed events new high-precision measurements of the proton magnetic form factor are obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - MAGNETIC forming
KW  - Form factors
KW  - Nucleon
N1  - Accession Number: 9403553; Andreotti, M. 1 Bagnasco, S. 2 Baldini, W. 1 Bettoni, D. 1; Email Address: diego.bettoni@fe.infn.it Borreani, G. 3 Buzzo, A. 2 Calabrese, R. 1 Cester, R. 3 Cibinetto, G. 1 Dalpiaz, P. 1 Garzoglio, G. 4 Gollwitzer, K. 4 Graham, M. 5 Hu, M. 4 Joffe, D. 6 Kasper, J. 6 Lasio, G. 7 Lo Vetere, M. 2 Luppi, E. 1 Macrì, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy  2: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and University of Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy  3: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy  4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  5: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  6: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  7: University of California at Irvine, California, CA 92697, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 559 Issue 1/2, p20; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC forming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Form factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleon; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00300-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9403553&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heringhaus, Frank
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans-Jörg
AU  - Gottstein, Günter
T1  - Analytical modeling of the electrical conductivity of metal matrix composites: application to Ag–Cu and Cu–Nb
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/04/25/
VL  - 347
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Modeling the electrical conductivity of composite materials is a complex matter, particularly if microstructural features lead to a size effect in electronic conduction or create an anisotropy. The method described in this article accounts for these circumstances by incorporation of appropriate phenomenological models. It provides a means to analyze and estimate the resistive behavior of two-phase or multi-phase micro-composites and nano-composites. A comparison with experimental data is carried out for two high-strength conductors, Ag–Cu and Cu–Nb, both of which have undergone extensive quantitative microstructure analysis to provide the required input for the model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - Composite
KW  - Electrical conductivity
KW  - High-strength conductor
KW  - Modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 9009834; Heringhaus, Frank 1,2; Email Address: frank.heringhaus@eu.omgi.com Schneider-Muntau, Hans-Jörg 1 Gottstein, Günter 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA  2: Institut für Metallkunde und Metallphysik, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 347 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-strength conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Franco, Ignacio
AU  - Tretiak, Sergei
T1  - Electron-vibrational relaxation of photoexcited polyfluorenes in the presence of chemical defects: A theoretical study
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/04/29/
VL  - 372
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A quantum chemical semiempirical investigation of electron-vibrational dynamics of photoexcited conjugated polyfluorenes shows that delocalized electronic excitations dominate the absorption, whereas chemical defects (if present) dramatically impact the emission by trapping the photogenerated exciton into a localized state and acting as guest emitters at recombination. These results offer theoretical insight into the effect of non-quenching defect sites in conjugated polymers and explain the origin of a controversial low energy emission band frequently observed in bulk polyfluorene samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 9545655; Franco, Ignacio 1,2 Tretiak, Sergei 1; Email Address: serg@cnls.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail stop B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste 34014, Italy; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 372 Issue 3/4, p403; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00419-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - Characterizing unpaired electrons from the one-particle density matrix
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/04/29/
VL  - 372
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 508
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A new definition of the unpaired electrons in a molecule is proposed, which derives from the one-particle reduced density matrix. It yields lower estimates of the number of radical electrons than the widely discussed ‘distribution of effectively unpaired electrons’, with a maximum possible difference of a factor of two. Unlike the existing definition, the new definition cannot yield numbers of unpaired electrons higher than the total number of electrons, and also recovers the intuitively expected result for the dissociation of <f>O2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 9545672; Head-Gordon, Martin 1,2; Email Address: mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 372 Issue 3/4, p508; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00422-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cai, Jun
AU  - Prausnitz, John M.
T1  - Stability criteria for a polydisperse system
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2003/04/30/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 03783812
AB  - Stability theory for fluid mixtures is used to calculate the spinodal and the critical locus for a system containing one discrete light component and one continuously distributed heavy “component”. For reduction to practice, the criteria developed here are suitable for molecular-thermodynamic models where the model parameters depend on the distribution variable that characterizes the continuous “component”. To illustrate, the Soave–Redlich–Kwong (SRK) equation of state is used to calculate critical properties of alkane mixtures where methane (C1) is the discrete component and C2–C16 comprise a continuous “component”. Calculated results show that, while systems containing methane and primarily small paraffins show a Type I critical locus, those containing methane and appreciable amounts of large paraffins show a Type V critical locus. These results are consistent with experimental critical-locus data for C1–C3 (Type I) and those for C1–C6 (Type V). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - Continuous thermodynamics
KW  - Critical state
KW  - Equation of state
KW  - Polydisperse mixture
N1  - Accession Number: 9656086; Cai, Jun 1 Prausnitz, John M.; Email Address: prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering Berkeley and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 201 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA; Source Info: Apr2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1/2, p41; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuous thermodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equation of state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polydisperse mixture; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-3812(02)00312-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9656086&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Bill X.
AU  - Wu, Jichun
AU  - Panorska, Ania K.
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
AU  - He, Changming
T1  - Stochastic study on groundwater flow and solute transport in a porous medium with multi-scale heterogeneity
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 26
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 641
SN  - 03091708
AB  - In this study, a numerical moment method (NMM) is applied to study groundwater flow and solute transport in a multiple-scale heterogeneous formation. The formation is composed of various materials and conductivity distribution within each material is heterogeneous. The distribution of materials in the study domain is characterized by an indicator function and the conductivity field within each material is assumed to be statistically stationary. Based on this assumption, the covariance function of log-hydraulic conductivity in the composite field is analytically derived and expressed in terms of the covariance of the indicator function and the statistics of log conductivity in every material. The NMM is used to investigate the effects of various uncertain parameters on flow and transport predictions in two case studies. It is shown from the case studies that the two-scale stochastic processes will both significantly influence the flow and transport predictions, especially for the variances of hydraulic head and solute fluxes. The case studies also show that the NMM can be used to study flow and transport in complex subsurface environments. In comparison with Monte Carlo simulation, NMM results are consistent with those obtained by Monte Carlo simulation method even when the total variance of log conductivity is larger than 1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Multi-scale
KW  - Solute transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9341361; Hu, Bill X. 1,2; Email Address: hu@dri.edu; Wu, Jichun 1,3; Panorska, Ania K. 1; Zhang, Dongxiao 4; He, Changming 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA; 2: Hydrology Program, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA; 3: Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; 4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 26 Issue 5, p641; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater flow; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solute transport; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00003-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G.L.
T1  - Plutonium disproportionation: the ambiguity phenomenon
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 58
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Plutonium oxidation-state studies may yield ambiguous results if the parameters are not carefully chosen. The effect can be related to environmental plutonium as illustrated by an example. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Alpha coefficients
KW  - Ambiguity
KW  - Disproportionation
KW  - Environment
KW  - Plutonium
N1  - Accession Number: 9655091; Silver, G.L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory,<fn id="fn1">Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36.</fn> P.O. Box 1663, MS E500, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p529; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha coefficients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ambiguity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disproportionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-8043(03)00061-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holmes, L. L.
AU  - Harbottle, G.
T1  - In the Steps of William the Conqueror: Neutron Activation Analysis of Caen Stone*.
JO  - Archaeometry
JF  - Archaeometry
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 220
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0003813X
AB  - Quarries in the Bathonian stone formation surrounding Caen produced high-quality limestone for medieval churches in northern France and southern England and for their sculptural decoration. To investigate compositional differences among proximate stone sources, 103 samples collected from five separate quarries were analysed by NAA. The results show Caen stone to be essentially pure calcite and relatively homogeneous, but distinction among quarries is possible by discriminant analysis. Comparing compositions of quarry samples with data in the Brookhaven Limestone Database identified the origin of stone used in masonry and sculpture at Saint-Étienne and La Trinité, Caen, and in several museum objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archaeometry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARRIES & quarrying
KW  - LIMESTONE
KW  - DISCRIMINANT analysis
KW  - SCULPTURE
KW  - ABBEY CHURCHES
KW  - Caen Stone
KW  - FRANCE
KW  - GOTHIC SCULPTURE
KW  - limestone
KW  - MEDIEVAL
KW  - NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
KW  - QUARRIES
N1  - Accession Number: 9596524; Holmes, L. L. 1 Harbottle, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA and Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA With the co-operation of L. Dujardin; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p199; Subject Term: QUARRIES & quarrying; Subject Term: LIMESTONE; Subject Term: DISCRIMINANT analysis; Subject Term: SCULPTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: ABBEY CHURCHES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Caen Stone; Author-Supplied Keyword: FRANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: GOTHIC SCULPTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: limestone; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEDIEVAL; Author-Supplied Keyword: NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: QUARRIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1475-4754.00104
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abazajian, Kevork N.
T1  - Telling three from four neutrinos with cosmology
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 09276505
AB  - New results, namely the independent determination of the deuterium abundance in several quasar absorption systems, and the complementary determination of the cosmological baryon density by observations of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), allow for a reevaluation of the constraints on the relativistic particle content of the Universe at primordial nucleosynthesis. Expressed in terms of the neutrino energy density, we find <f>1.7<Nν<3.5</f> (95% CL). In particular, we show that phenomenological four neutrino models including a sterile state (not participating in <f>SU(2)L×U(1)Y</f> interactions) unavoidably thermalize a fourth neutrino, and are highly disfavored in the standard minimal model of primordial nucleosynthesis, if the systematic uncertainty in the primordial helium abundance is small. We describe plausible extensions of the minimal model which evade this constraint. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 9343049; Abazajian, Kevork N. 1; Email Address: aba@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p303; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-6505(02)00204-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregg, Michael D.
AU  - Drinkwater, Michael J.
AU  - Hilker, Michael J.
AU  - Phillipps, Steven
AU  - Jones, J. Bryn
AU  - Ferguson, Henry C.
T1  - Galaxy Threshing and Ultra-Compact Dwarfs in the Fornax Cluster.
JO  - Astrophysics & Space Science
JF  - Astrophysics & Space Science
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 285
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
EP  - 117
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0004640X
AB  - We have discovered a new type of galaxy in the Fornax Cluster: `ultra-compact' dwarfs (UCDs). The UCDs are unresolved in ground-based imaging and have spectra typical of old stellar systems. Although the UCDs resemble overgrown globular clusters, based on VLT UVES echelle spectroscopy, they appear to be dynamically distinct systems with higher internal velocity dispersions and M/L ratios for a given luminosity than Milky Way or M31 globulars. Our preferred explanation for their origin is that they are the remnant nuclei of dwarf elliptical galaxies which have been tidally stripped, or `threshed' by repeated encounters with the central cluster galaxy, NGC1399. If correct, then tidal stripping of nucleated dwarfs to form UCDs may, over a Hubble time, be an important source of the plentiful globular cluster population in the halo of NGC1399, and, by implication, other cD galaxies. In this picture, the dwarf elliptical halo contents, up to 99% of the original dwarf luminosity, contribute a significant fraction of the populations of intergalactic stars, globulars, and gas in galaxy clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Astrophysics & Space Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALAXIES -- Clusters
KW  - STARS -- Globular clusters
KW  - DWARF galaxies
KW  - ELLIPTICAL galaxies
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - clusters
KW  - galaxies
KW  - interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14769087; Gregg, Michael D. 1 Drinkwater, Michael J. 1 Hilker, Michael J. 1 Phillipps, Steven 1 Jones, J. Bryn 1 Ferguson, Henry C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Univ. of California, Davis, and Inst. for Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Univ. of Queensland; Univ. Bonn; Univ. of Bristol; Univ. of Nottingham; and STScI; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 285 Issue 1, p113; Subject Term: GALAXIES -- Clusters; Subject Term: STARS -- Globular clusters; Subject Term: DWARF galaxies; Subject Term: ELLIPTICAL galaxies; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies; Author-Supplied Keyword: interactions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Safronova, U.I.
AU  - Sataka, M.
AU  - Albritton, J.R.
AU  - Johnson, W.R.
AU  - Safronova, M.S.
T1  - Relativistic many-body calculations of electric-dipole lifetimes, transition rates, and oscillator strengths for <f>n=3</f> states in Al-like ions
JO  - Atomic Data & Nuclear Data Tables
JF  - Atomic Data & Nuclear Data Tables
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 84
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 0092640X
AB  - Transition rates, oscillator strengths, and line strengths are calculated for electric-dipole (E1) transitions between even-parity <f>3s3p2</f>, <f>3s23d</f>, <f>3p23d</f>, <f>3d23s</f>, and <f>3d3</f> states and odd-parity <f>3s23p</f>, <f>3p3</f>, <f>3s3p3d</f>, and <f>3d23p</f> states in Al-like ions with the nuclear charges ranging from <f>Z=15</f> to 100. Relativistic many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), including the Breit interaction, is used to evaluate retarded E1 matrix elements in length and velocity forms. The calculations start from a <f>1s22s22p6</f> Dirac–Fock potential. First-order MBPT is used to obtain intermediate coupling coefficients and second-order MBPT is used to calculate transition matrix elements. Contributions from negative-energy states are included in the second-order E1 matrix elements to ensure gauge-independence of transition amplitudes. Transition energies used in the calculation of oscillator strengths and transition rates are from second-order MBPT. Transition rates, line strengths, and oscillator strengths are compared with critically evaluated experimental values and with results from other recent calculations. We present data for selected transitions between 10 of the possible 73 even-parity <f>3s3p2</f>, <f>3s23d</f> states and 29 of the possible 75 odd-parity <f>3s23p</f>, <f>3p3</f>, and <f>3s3p3d</f> states in Al-like ions. Trends of the transition rates as functions of <f>Z</f> are illustrated graphically for 220 of the 3220 possible transitions. Lifetimes of the 10 even-parity lower levels and the 27 odd-parity upper levels are given for <f>Z=15–100</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atomic Data & Nuclear Data Tables is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATOR strengths
KW  - DIPOLE moments
N1  - Accession Number: 9658769; Safronova, U.I. 1,2; Email Address: usafrono@nd.edu Sataka, M. 2 Albritton, J.R. 3 Johnson, W.R. 1 Safronova, M.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  2: Department of Materials Science, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 84 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: OSCILLATOR strengths; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Number of Pages: 83p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0092-640X(03)00013-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stock, S. R.
AU  - Barss, J.
AU  - Dahl, T.
AU  - Veis, A.
AU  - Almer, J. D.
AU  - De Carlo, F.
T1  - Synchrotron X-ray Studies of the Keel of the Short-Spined Sea Urchin Lytechinus variegatus: Absorption Microtomography (microCT) and Small Beam Diffraction Mapping.
JO  - Calcified Tissue International
JF  - Calcified Tissue International
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 72
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 555
EP  - 566
SN  - 0171967X
AB  - In sea urchin teeth, the keel plays an important structural role, and this paper reports results of microstructural characterization of the keel of Lytechinus variegatus using two noninvasive synchrotron x-ray techniques: x-ray absorption microtomography (microCT) and x-ray diffraction mapping. MicroCT with 14 keV x-rays mapped the spatial distribution of mineral at the 1.3 µm level in a millimeter-sized fragment of a mature portion of the keel. Two rows of low absorption channels (i.e., primary channels) slightly less than 10 µm in diameter were found running linearly from the flange to the base of the keel and parallel to its sides. The primary channels paralleled the oral edge of the keel, and the microCT slices revealed a planar secondary channel leading from each primary channel to the side of the keel. The primary and secondary channels were more or less coplanar and may correspond to the soft tissue between plates of the carinar process. Transmission x-ray diffraction with 80.8 keV x-rays and a 0.1 mm beam mapped the distribution of calcite crystal orientations and the composition Ca1-xMgxCO3 of the calcite. Unlike the variable Mg concentration and highly curved prisms found in the keel of Paracentrotus lividus, a constant Mg content (x = 0.13) and relatively little prism curvature was found in the keel of Lytechinus variegatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Calcified Tissue International is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYTECHINUS variegatus
KW  - SEA urchins
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - MEDICAL radiography
KW  - Lytechinus variegatus
KW  - Microtomography (microCT)
KW  - Sea urchin
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Tooth
N1  - Accession Number: 16899261; Stock, S. R. 1; Email Address: s-stock@northwestern.edu Barss, J. 2 Dahl, T. 2 Veis, A. 2 Almer, J. D. 3 De Carlo, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Bioengineering and Nanoscience in Advanced Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA  2: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA  3: SRI-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 72 Issue 5, p555; Subject Term: LYTECHINUS variegatus; Subject Term: SEA urchins; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MEDICAL radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lytechinus variegatus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microtomography (microCT); Author-Supplied Keyword: Sea urchin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tooth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114113 Salt water fishing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00223-002-1037-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamilton, A. T.
AU  - Huntley, S.
AU  - Kim, J.
AU  - Branscomb, E.
AU  - Stubbs, L.
T1  - Lineage-specific Expansion of KRAB Zinc-finger Transcription Factor Genes: Implications for the Evolution of Vertebrate Regulatory Networks.
JO  - Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
JF  - Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 68
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 140
SN  - 00917451
AB  - Describes a study on Krüppel-associated box-Krüppel-type zinc finger (KK) protein divergence and the evolution of vertebrate regulatory networks.  Information on zinc-finger structure and DNA binding; Comparison between KK gene and cluster structure in different rodents; Known regulatory targets of Krüppel-type zinc finger proteins transcription factor proteins.
KW  - DNA-binding proteins
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - GENES
KW  - RODENTS as laboratory animals
KW  - VERTEBRATES
N1  - Accession Number: 14016469; Hamilton, A. T. 1 Huntley, S. 1 Kim, J. 1 Branscomb, E. 2 Stubbs, L. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Genome Biology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 68, p131; Subject Term: DNA-binding proteins; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: RODENTS as laboratory animals; Subject Term: VERTEBRATES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pennacchio, L. A.
AU  - Baroukh, N.
AU  - Rubin, E. M.
T1  - Human-Mouse Comparative Genomics: Successes and Failures to Reveal Functional Regions of the Human Genome.
JO  - Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
JF  - Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 68
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
EP  - 309
SN  - 00917451
AB  - Examines the combined use of vertebrate comparative genomics in determining functional regions of the human genome.  Identification of gene regulatory element through human-mouse comparative genomics; Information on phylogenetic shadows; Absence of a single human-mouse pair-wise comparison that suits to capture all biological activity of the species.
KW  - VERTEBRATES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - HUMAN gene mapping
KW  - COMPARATIVE genomic hybridization
KW  - ANIMAL genetics -- Technique
KW  - ANIMAL genome mapping
N1  - Accession Number: 14016488; Pennacchio, L. A. 1,2 Baroukh, N. 1 Rubin, E. M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Genome Sciences Department, MS 84-171, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 68, p303; Subject Term: VERTEBRATES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: HUMAN gene mapping; Subject Term: COMPARATIVE genomic hybridization; Subject Term: ANIMAL genetics -- Technique; Subject Term: ANIMAL genome mapping; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corum, J.M.
AU  - Battiste, R.L.
AU  - Ruggles-Wrenn, M.B.
T1  - Low-energy impact effects on candidate automotive structural composites
JO  - Composites Science & Technology
JF  - Composites Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 63
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
SN  - 02663538
AB  - The objective of the work described in this paper was to experimentally characterize the susceptibility of three candidate automotive structural composites to incidental, low-energy impact damage. The composites, each of which had the same urethane matrix, were produced by a rapid molding process suitable for high-volume automotive applications. The reinforcement for the first composite was a random chopped-glass fiber, while the remaining two were reinforced with stitch-bonded carbon-fiber mats, one in a crossply layup, and the other in a quasi-isotropic layup. A pendulum device, representative of events such as tool drops, and a gas-gun projectile, representative of events such as kickups of roadway debris, were used to impact plate specimens. Brick-drop tests were also performed to assess the applicability of the baseline pendulum and gas-gun data to other events. Following the impacts, the damage areas were measured and the plates were cut into either tensile, standard compressive, or compression-after-impact specimens for determining strength degradation. The glass-fiber composite was least susceptible to damage, followed by the crossply carbon-fiber laminate, which had the same thickness. The quasi-isotropic carbon-fiber composite, which was thinner than the other two, sustained the most damage. While compressive strength was significantly degraded by moderate damage in the random-glass-fiber composite, tensile strength was not. On the other hand, both tensile and compressive strengths were degraded in the crossply carbon-fiber laminate (only compressive strength loss was measured in the quasi-isotropic laminate). Compressive strength degradation for a given damage area was similar in the two carbon-fiber laminates. Both showed lesser degradation than did the glass-fiber composite. For the quasi-isotropic carbon-fiber laminate, it was shown that strength degradation produced by an open circular hole provides a reasonable lower bound to the degradation due to an impact damage area of the same size. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites Science & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERIC composites
KW  - GLASS fibers
KW  - A. Carbon fibers
KW  - A. Glass fibers
KW  - A. Polymer-matrix composites
KW  - B. Impact behavior
KW  - B. Strength
N1  - Accession Number: 9190852; Corum, J.M.; Email Address: corumjm@ornl.gov Battiste, R.L. 1 Ruggles-Wrenn, M.B.; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory<fn id="fn1">Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.</fn>, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8051, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 63 Issue 6, p755; Subject Term: POLYMERIC composites; Subject Term: GLASS fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Carbon fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Glass fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Polymer-matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Impact behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Strength; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313210 Broadwoven Fabric Mills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327993 Mineral Wool Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326193 Motor vehicle plastic parts manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0266-3538(02)00265-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Henning
AU  - R. W.
AU  - Hitchman
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Stratemeier
AU  - H.
T1  - Influence of Pressure and Temperature on the Crystal Structure of Deuterated Ammonium Copper Tutton Salt, (ND4)2[Cu(D2O)6](SO4)2.
JO  - Crystal Growth & Design
JF  - Crystal Growth & Design
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 407
SN  - 15287483
AB  - The influence of pressure on the unit cell parameters of deuterated ammonium copper(II) sulfate hexahydrate at various temperatures from 50 to 325 K obtained from pulsed neutron powder diffraction is reported. Application of pressure causes the structure to switch to a packing arrangement like that observed for the corresponding hydrogenous compound over the complete temperature range, with a higher pressure being required at lower temperatures. A pressure hysteresis occurs upon the release of pressure in the temperature range 303-275 K and below ~295 K the compound remains in the high pressure (high density) modification at 1 bar. As the temperature is raised from ~296 to 298 K, the structure reverts progressively to the low-pressure modification. Using the Clapeyron equation, an enthalpy ΔH of 259 cm-1 at 260 K was evaluated for the transition. With zero applied pressure, a negative temperature expansion coefficient is observed above 230 K, apparently due to an increasing thermal population of the high-density packing arrangement at higher temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Crystal Growth & Design is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMMONIUM compounds
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - HYSTERESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 12045783; Schultz A. J. 1 Henning R. W. 1 Hitchman M. A. 1 Stratemeier H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439, USA, and School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Box 252-75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 3 Issue 3, p403; Subject Term: AMMONIUM compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stern, L. F.
AU  - Chapman, N. H.
AU  - Wijsman, E. M.
AU  - Altherr, M. R.
AU  - Rosen, D. R.
T1  - Assignment of SOD3 to human chromosome band 4p15.3→p15.1 with somatic cell and radiation hybrid mapping, linkage mapping, and fluorescent in-situ hybridization.
JO  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
JF  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 101
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 178C
EP  - 4
SN  - 14248581
AB  - Presents a study that analyzed the localization of SOD3 gene to a human chromosome band with somatic cell and radiation hybrid mapping, linkage mapping, and fluorescent in-situ hybridization.  Rationale and significance; Materials and methods; Results.
KW  - GENE mapping
KW  - HUMAN chromosomes
KW  - CHROMOSOME banding
KW  - GENETIC techniques
KW  - SOMATIC cells
KW  - IN situ hybridization
N1  - Accession Number: 11397909; Stern, L. F. 1 Chapman, N. H. 2 Wijsman, E. M. 3 Altherr, M. R. 4 Rosen, D. R. 1; Email Address: rosen@wadsworth.org; Affiliation:  1: Division of Molecular Medicine, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY  2: Department of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA  3: Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA  4: Genomics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM (USA); Source Info: 2003, Vol. 101 Issue 2, p178C; Subject Term: GENE mapping; Subject Term: HUMAN chromosomes; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME banding; Subject Term: GENETIC techniques; Subject Term: SOMATIC cells; Subject Term: IN situ hybridization; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000074178
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ari Matmon
AU  - Onn Crouvi
AU  - Yehouda Enzel
AU  - Paul Bierman
AU  - Jennifer Larsen
AU  - Naomi Porat
AU  - Rivka Amit
AU  - Marc Caffee
T1  - Complex exposure histories of chert clasts in the late Pleistocene shorelines of Lake Lisan, southern Israel.
JO  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
JF  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
EP  - 506
SN  - 01979337
AB  - Activities of 26Al and 10Be in five chert clasts sampled from two beach ridges of late Pleistocene Lake Lisan, precursor of the Dead Sea in southern Israel, indicate low rates of chert bedrock erosion and complex exposure, burial, and by inference, transport histories. The chert clasts were derived from the Senonian Mishash Formation, a chert-bearing chalk, which is widely exposed in the Nahal Zin drainage basin, the drainage system that supplied most of the material to the beach ridges. Simple exposure ages, assuming only exposure at the beach ridge sampling sites, range from 35 to 354 ky; using the ratio 26Al/10Be, total clast histories range from 0·46 to 4·3 My, unrelated to the clasts'' current position and exposure period on the late Pleistocene beach ridges, 160–177 m below sea level. Optically stimulated luminescence dating of fine sediments from the same and nearby beach ridges yielded ages of 20·0 ± 1·4 ka and 36·1 ± 3·3 ka. These ages are supported by the degree of soil development on the beach ridges and correspond well with previously determined ages of Lake Lisan, which suggest that the lake reached its highest stand around 27 000 cal. years BP. If the clasts were exposed only once and than buried beyond the range of significant cosmogenic nuclide production, then the minimum initial exposure and the total burial times before delivery to the beach ridge are in the ranges 50–1300 ky and 390–3130 ky respectively. Alternatively, the initial cosmogenic dosing could have occurred during steady erosion of the source bedrock. Back calculating such rates of rock erosion suggests values between 0·4 and 12 m My−1. The relatively long burial periods indicate extended sediment storage as colluvium on slopes and/or as alluvial deposits in river terraces. Some clasts may have been stored for long periods in abandoned Pliocene and early Pleistocene routes of Nahal Zin to the Mediterranean before being transported again back into the Nahal Zin drainage system and washed on to the shores of Lake Lisan during the late Pleistocene. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Surface Processes & Landforms is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geology
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Geomorphology
KW  - Lakes -- Israel
N1  - Accession Number: 20041196; Ari Matmon 1; Onn Crouvi 2; Yehouda Enzel 2; Paul Bierman 3; Jennifer Larsen 3; Naomi Porat 4; Rivka Amit 4; Marc Caffee 5; Affiliations: 1: Geology Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; 2: Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; 3: Geology Department and School of Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; 4: Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Yisrael St., Jerusalem 95501, Israel; 5: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p493; Thesaurus Term: Geology; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Thesaurus Term: Geomorphology; Subject Term: Lakes -- Israel; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langniss, Ole
AU  - Wiser, Ryan
T1  - The renewables portfolio standard in Texas: an early assessment
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Texas has rapidly emerged as one of the leading wind power markets in the United States. This development can be largely traced to a well-designed and carefully implemented renewables portfolio standard (RPS). The RPS is a new policy mechanism that has received increasing attention as an attractive approach to support renewable power generation. Though replacing existing renewable energy policies with an as-of-yet untested approach in the RPS is risky, early experience from Texas suggests that an RPS can effectively spur renewables development and encourage competition among renewable energy producers. Initial RPS targets in Texas were well exceeded by the end of 2001, with 915 MW of wind installed in that year alone. RPS compliance costs appear negligible with new wind projects reportedly contracted for well under 3(US)¢/kWh, in part as a result of a 1.7(US)¢/kWh production tax credit, an outstanding wind resource and an RPS that is sizable enough to drive project economies of scale. Obliged retail suppliers have been willing to enter into long-term contracts with renewable generators, reducing important risks for both the developer and the retail supplier. Finally, the country''s first comprehensive renewable energy certificate program has been put into place to monitor and track RPS compliance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Texas
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 8997062; Langniss, Ole 1; Email Address: ole.langniss@miljo.lth.se; Wiser, Ryan 2; Email Address: rhwiser@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental and Energy System Studies, Lund University, Gerdagatan 13, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p527; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Subject: Texas; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baolin Deng
AU  - Lan Lan
AU  - Houston, Kelly
AU  - Brady, Patrick V.
T1  - Effects of Clay Minerals on Cr(Vi) Reduction by Organic Compounds.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 84
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 18
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - The objective of this study is to examine the effect of clay minerals (illite, montmorillonite, and kaolinite) on chromate (Cr(VI)) reduction by several low molecular weight organic compounds. Batch experiments at pH ranging from 3.0 to 6.0 and 25 °C showed that 2:1 layered clays illite and smectite catalyzed Cr(VI) reduction by oxalate. The catalytic effect increased as pH was decreased. The 1:1 clay kaolinite had no catalytic effect under comparable conditions. Direct Cr(VI) reduction by reactive moieties associated with illite and montmorillonite was observed, but at a much slower rate than the catalytic pathway. Cr(VI) reduction by glyoxylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, and mandelic acid was accelerated by illite, although aqueous phase reduction might occur in parallel. These results suggest that Cr(VI) reduction rates in subsurface environments rich in organic compounds may be elevated through catalysis of surface-bound metals and/or soluble species from the clay minerals, and as a result, higher than those expected from aqueous phase reaction alone. Such rate enhancement for Cr(VI) reduction needs to be accounted for when developing new remedial techniques for chromium site remediation or assessing its natural attenuation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Clay minerals
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Molecular weights
KW  - Illite
KW  - Kaolinite
KW  - Montmorillonite
KW  - chromate
KW  - clay minerals
KW  - illite
KW  - oxalate
KW  - reduction
KW  - smectite
N1  - Accession Number: 15194895; Baolin Deng 1; Email Address: dengb@missouri.edu; Lan Lan 1; Houston, Kelly 1; Brady, Patrick V. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 2: Geochemistry Department (MS-0750), Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A.; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 84 Issue 1/2, p5; Thesaurus Term: Clay minerals; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Catalysis; Subject Term: Molecular weights; Subject Term: Illite; Subject Term: Kaolinite; Subject Term: Montmorillonite; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromate; Author-Supplied Keyword: clay minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: illite; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxalate; Author-Supplied Keyword: reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: smectite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asner, D.
AU  - Burkhardt, H.
AU  - De Roeck, A.
AU  - Ellis, J.
AU  - Gronberg, J.
AU  - Heinemeyer, S.
AU  - Schmitt, M.
AU  - Schulte, D.
AU  - Velasco, M.
AU  - Zimmermann, F.
T1  - Higgs physics with a ... collider based on CLIC 1.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 44
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - We present the machine parameters and physics capabilities of the CLIC Higgs Experiment (CLICHE), a low-energy γγ collider based on CLIC 1, the demonstration project for the higher-energy two-beam accelerator CLIC. CLICHE is conceived as a factory capable of producing around 20,000 light Higgs bosons per year. We discuss the requirements for the CLIC 1 beams and a laser backscattering system capable of producing a yy total (peak) luminosity of 2.0 (0.36) × 1034 cm-2s-1 with ECM(γγ) 115 GeV. We show how CLICHE could be used to measure accurately the mass, &bmacr;b, WW and γγ decays of a light Higgs boson. We illustrate how these measurements may distinguish between the Standard Model Higgs boson and those in supersymmetric and more general two-Higgs-doublet models, complementing the measurements to be made with other accelerators. We also comment on other prospects in γγ and e- γ physics with CLICHE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
N1  - Accession Number: 15179665; Asner, D. 1 Burkhardt, H. 2 De Roeck, A. 2 Ellis, J. 2 Gronberg, J. 1 Heinemeyer, S. 3 Schmitt, M. 4 Schulte, D. 2 Velasco, M. 4 Zimmermann, F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA  2: CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Lipton, New York, USA  4: Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p27; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc.s2002-01113-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akçelik, Volkan
AU  - Biros, George
AU  - Ghattas, Omar
AU  - Long, Kevin R.
AU  - Waanders, Bart van Bloemen
T1  - A variational finite element method for source inversion for convective–diffusive transport
JO  - Finite Elements in Analysis & Design
JF  - Finite Elements in Analysis & Design
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 683
SN  - 0168874X
AB  - We consider the inverse problem of determining an arbitrary source in a time-dependent convective–diffusive transport equation, given a velocity field and pointwise measurements of the concentration. Applications that give rise to such problems include determination of groundwater or airborne pollutant sources from measurements of concentrations, and identification of sources of chemical or biological attacks. To address ill-posedness of the problem, we employ Tikhonov and total variation regularization. We present a variational formulation of the first-order optimality system, which includes the initial-boundary value state problem, the final-boundary value adjoint problem, and the space–time boundary value source problem. We discretize in the space–time volume using Galerkin finite elements. Several examples demonstrate the influence of the density of the sensor array, the effectiveness of total variation regularization for discontinuous sources, the invertibility of the source as the transport becomes increasingly convection-dominated, the ability of the space–time inversion formulation to track moving sources, and the optimal convergence rate of the finite element approximation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Finite Elements in Analysis & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONVECTION (Meteorology)
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9545367; Akçelik, Volkan 1; Email Address: volkan@andrew.cmu.edu Biros, George 2; Email Address: biros@cs.nyu.edu Ghattas, Omar 1; Email Address: oghattas@cs.cmu.edu Long, Kevin R. 3; Email Address: krlong@ca.sandia.gov Waanders, Bart van Bloemen 4; Email Address: bartv@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mechanics, Algorithms, and Computing Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical and Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: Courant Institute for Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p683; Subject Term: CONVECTION (Meteorology); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-874X(03)00054-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, Richard G.
AU  - Morris, James E.
AU  - Cordis, Gerald A.
AU  - Anderson, Larry E.
AU  - Rosenberg, Daniel W.
AU  - Sasser, Lyle B.
T1  - Oxidative damage in colon and mammary tissue of the HFE-knockout mouse
JO  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
JF  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1212
SN  - 08915849
AB  - The HFE mutation is common and, when homozygous, can lead to a morbid accumulation of body iron and the disease hereditary hemochromatosis. Heterozygotes compose 10–15% of the European-American population, and have evidence of elevated body iron compared to homozygous normal people. Dietary iron content was hypothesized to interact with the HFE genotype to influence oxidative damage in mammary and colon tissue. Two groups of HFE-knockout mice were fed a standard iron diet (300 ppm) or a low iron diet (30 ppm). There was a significantly elevated concentration of malondialdehyde (by HPLC) in mammary (305 pmol/g vs. 166, p = .04) and colon (349 pmol/g vs. 226, p = .02) tissue among those mice on the standard iron diet compared to those on the low iron diet. These results suggest that dietary modification may affect the course of iron overload from HFE mutations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Free Radical Biology & Medicine is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - HEMOCHROMATOSIS
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - Hemochromatosis
KW  - Iron
KW  - MDA
KW  - Oxidative stress
N1  - Accession Number: 9499829; Stevens, Richard G. 1; Email Address: bugs@neuron.uchc.edu Morris, James E. 2 Cordis, Gerald A. 1 Anderson, Larry E. 2 Rosenberg, Daniel W. 1 Sasser, Lyle B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Community Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 34 Issue 9, p1212; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: HEMOCHROMATOSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hemochromatosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: MDA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative stress; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0891-5849(03)00072-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arvidson, Rolf S.
AU  - Ertan, Inci Evren
AU  - Amonette, James E.
AU  - Luttge, Andreas
T1  - Variation in calcite dissolution rates:: A fundamental problem?
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 67
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1623
SN  - 00167037
AB  - A comparison of published calcite dissolution rates measured far from equilibrium at a pH of ∼ 6 and above shows well over an order of magnitude in variation. Recently published AFM step velocities extend this range further still. In an effort to understand the source of this variation, and to provide additional constraint from a new analytical approach, we have measured dissolution rates by vertical scanning interferometry. In areas of the calcite cleavage surface dominated by etch pits, our measured dissolution rate is 10−10.95 mol/cm2/s (PCO2 10−3.41 atm, pH 8.82), 5 to ∼100 times slower than published rates derived from bulk powder experiments, although similar to rates derived from AFM step velocities. On cleavage surfaces free of local etch pit development, dissolution is limited by a slow, “global” rate (10−11.68 mol/cm2/s). Although these differences confirm the importance of etch pit (defect) distribution as a controlling mechanism in calcite dissolution, they also suggest that “bulk” calcite dissolution rates observed in powder experiments may derive substantial enhancement from grain boundaries having high step and kink density. We also observed significant rate inhibition by introduction of dissolved manganese. At 2.0 μM Mn, the rate diminished to 10−12.4 mol/cm2/s, and the well formed rhombic etch pits that characterized dissolution in pure solution were absent. These results are in good agreement with the pattern of manganese inhibition in published AFM step velocities, assuming a step density on smooth terraces of ∼9 μm−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 9543875; Arvidson, Rolf S. 1; Email Address: rsa4046@ruf.rice.edu Ertan, Inci Evren 1 Amonette, James E. 2 Luttge, Andreas 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Science, MS-126, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 67 Issue 9, p1623; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01177-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asner, Gregory P.
AU  - Scurlock, Jonathan M. O.
AU  - A. Hicke, Jeffrey
T1  - Global synthesis of leaf area index observations: implications for ecological and remote sensing studies.
JO  - Global Ecology & Biogeography
JF  - Global Ecology & Biogeography
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 205
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 1466822X
AB  - ABSTRACT Aim We present the first global synthesis of plant canopy leaf area index (LAI) measurements from more than 1000 published estimates representing ∼400 unique field sites. LAI is a key variable for regional and global models of biosphere-atmosphere exchanges of energy, carbon dioxide, water vapour, and other materials. Location The location is global, geographically distributed. Results Biomes with LAI values well represented in the literature included croplands, forests and plantations. Biomes not well represented were deserts, shrublands, tundra and wetlands. Nearly 40% of the records in the database were published in the past 10 years (1991–2000), with a further 20% collected between 1981 and 1990. Mean (± SD) LAI, distributed between 15 biome classes, ranged from 1.3 ± 0.9 for deserts to 8.7 ± 4.3 for tree plantations, with temperate evergreen forests (needleleaf and broadleaf) displaying the highest average LAI (5.1–6.7) among the natural terrestrial vegetation classes. Following a statistical outlier analysis, the global mean (± SD) LAI decreased from 5.2 (4.1) to 4.5 (2.5), with a maximum LAI of 18. Biomes with the highest LAI values were plantations > temperate evergreen forests > wetlands. Those with the lowest LAI values were deserts < grasslands < tundra. Mean LAI values for all biomes did not differ statistically by the methodology employed. Direct and indirect measurement approaches produced similar LAI results. Mean LAI values for all biomes combined decreased significantly in the 1990s, a period of substantially more studies and improved methodologies. Main conclusions Applications of the LAI database span a wide range of ecological, biogeochemical, physical, and climate research areas. The data provide input to terrestrial ecosystem and land-surface models, for evaluation of global remote sensing products, for comparisons to field studies, and other applications. Example uses of the database for... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Ecology & Biogeography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT canopies
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - BIOGEOGRAPHY
KW  - canopy structure
KW  - Ecosystem modelling
KW  - global ecology
KW  - LAI
KW  - leaf area index
KW  - remote sensing
N1  - Accession Number: 9510748; Asner, Gregory P. 1 Scurlock, Jonathan M. O. 2 A. Hicke, Jeffrey 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A. E-mail: greg@globalecology.stanford.edu; jhicke@globalecology.stanford.edu and  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 U.S.A. E-mail: jscurloc@utk.edu; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p191; Subject Term: PLANT canopies; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOGEOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: canopy structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: global ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: LAI; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf area index; Author-Supplied Keyword: remote sensing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1466-822X.2003.00026.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kozyrev, A. B.
AU  - Samoilova, T. B.
AU  - Shafranova, E. G.
AU  - Kaidanova, T.
AU  - Ginley, D. S.
AU  - Perkins, G. D.
AU  - Alleman, J.
AU  - Sengupta, L.
AU  - Chiu, L.
AU  - Zhang, X.
T1  - Investigation of Ba x Sr 1 - x TiO 3 Film-Based Transmission Line for Direct Phase Modulation of Microwave Carrier.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 815
EP  - 824
SN  - 10584587
AB  - The possibility of using ferroelectric film-based transmission lines for a digital phase modulation of a microwave carrier was studied. Matched fin-line sections containing granular and polycrystalline Ba x Sr 1 - x TiO 3 films of compositions x = 0.4 and x = 0.6 were used in this investigation. The behavior of the microwave carrier phase and amplitude at the fin-line output under DC or video-pulsed control voltage application is presented. The upper limit of the response time of the phase response to control voltage was estimated. Spectra of the phase-modulated signal were measured and simulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - MODULATION (Electronics)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - Ferroelectrics
KW  - microwave
KW  - phase modulation
KW  - thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 11794718; Kozyrev, A. B. 1 Samoilova, T. B. 1 Shafranova, E. G. 1 Kaidanova, T. 2 Ginley, D. S. 2 Perkins, G. D. 2 Alleman, J. 2 Sengupta, L. 3 Chiu, L. 3 Zhang, X. 3; Affiliation:  1: State Electrotechnical University (LETI), 197376, St-Peterburg, Russia.  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA.  3: Paratek Microwave, Inc., USA.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p815; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: MODULATION (Electronics); Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: microwave; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase modulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin film; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kozyrev, A.
AU  - Ivanov, A.
AU  - Soldatenkov, O.
AU  - Tumarkin, A.
AU  - Ivanova, S.
AU  - Kaydanova, T.
AU  - Perkins, J. D.
AU  - Alleman, J.
AU  - Ginley, D. S.
AU  - Sengupta, L.
AU  - Chiu, L.
AU  - Zhang, X.
T1  - Millimeter-Wave Loaded Line Ferroelectric Phase Shifters.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 847
EP  - 852
SN  - 10584587
AB  - Ferroelectric loaded line phase shifters operating at millimeter waves for phased array antenna applications are presented. Phase shifters were manufactured on using Ba 0.3 Sr 0.7 TiO 3 thin films. The magnetron sputtering process was used to fabricate these Ba 0.3 Sr 0.7 TiO 3 ferroelectric films with a thickness ∼1 μm. The phase shifter operating at V-band (60 GHz) demonstrated continuous phase shift up to 220 deg and figure of merit (FOM) 22 deg/dB. The phase shifter operating at Ka-band (30 GHz) showed phase shift up to 360 deg and FOM 40 deg/dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE shifters
KW  - FERROELECTRIC thin films
KW  - MICROWAVE devices
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - ferroelectric thin films
KW  - microwave devices
KW  - Phase shifters
KW  - tunable
N1  - Accession Number: 11794712; Kozyrev, A. 1 Ivanov, A. 1 Soldatenkov, O. 1 Tumarkin, A. 1 Ivanova, S. 1 Kaydanova, T. 2 Perkins, J. D. 2 Alleman, J. 2 Ginley, D. S. 2 Sengupta, L. 3 Chiu, L. 3 Zhang, X. 3; Affiliation:  1: Electrotechnical University, Prof Popov ST., 5, St.-Petersburg, 197376 Russia.  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80228.  3: Paratek Microwave Inc., 6925 Oakland Mills Road, Suite J, Columbia, MD 21045.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p847; Subject Term: PHASE shifters; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC thin films; Subject Term: MICROWAVE devices; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: ferroelectric thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: microwave devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase shifters; Author-Supplied Keyword: tunable; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kozyrev, A.
AU  - Buslov, O.
AU  - Keis, V.
AU  - Dovgan, D.
AU  - Kotelnikov, I.
AU  - Kulik, P.
AU  - Sengupta, L.
AU  - Chiu, L.
AU  - Treadway, B.
AU  - Kaydanova, T.
AU  - Perkins, J. D.
AU  - Alleman, J.
AU  - Ginley, D. S.
T1  - Procedures of Measurements of Ferroelectric Films Parameters in Frequency Range (20-60) GHz.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 895
EP  - 903
SN  - 10584587
AB  - Two measuring procedures for characterization of ferroelectric films in K-U-band frequency ranges are presented: electrodeless measurements of ferroelectric film parameters based on quasi-optical resonator and method based on measurements of self-resonance of ferroelectric varactor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC thin films
KW  - VARACTORS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - THIN films
KW  - RESONATORS
KW  - ferroelectric film
KW  - measurements
KW  - Microwave
N1  - Accession Number: 11794728; Kozyrev, A. 1 Buslov, O. 1 Keis, V. 1 Dovgan, D. 1 Kotelnikov, I. 1 Kulik, P. 1 Sengupta, L. 2 Chiu, L. 2 Treadway, B. 2 Kaydanova, T. 3 Perkins, J. D. 3 Alleman, J. 3 Ginley, D. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, Russia.  2: Paratek Microwave, USA.  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p895; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC thin films; Subject Term: VARACTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: RESONATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ferroelectric film; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microwave; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, P.
AU  - Lee, J. S.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
T1  - Microstructural Properties of Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 TiO 3 /RuO 2 Multi-Layers Grown on MgO and YSZ by Pulsed-Laser Deposition.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 965
EP  - 972
SN  - 10584587
AB  - The microstructure of Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 TiO 3 (BST)/RuO 2 multi-layers grown on (100) MgO and (100) YSZ substrates, respectively, by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) has been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). The RuO 2 films deposited at 700°C adopt epitaxial relationships with both substrates. The epitaxial films on (100) MgO consist of two variants with an orientation relationship given by (110) RuO 2 //(100) MgO and [001] RuO 2 //[011] MgO. The epitaxial films on (100) YSZ contain four variants with an orientation relationship given by (200) RuO 2 //(100) YSZ and [011] RuO 2 //[001] YSZ. The BST films deposited on the RuO 2 electrode are epitaxial on the (200) RuO 2 films deposited on YSZ, and non-epitaxial on the (110) RuO 2 films deposited on MgO. The epitaxial relationship between the BST and (200) RuO 2 films can be described as (111) BST//(200) RuO 2 and [1&1macr;0] BST//[011] RuO 2 . The BST films contain at least four variants. The growth and microstructural properties of the multi-layer structures can be understood based on geometrical consideration of the crystal structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - BARIUM
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - BST
KW  - conductive RuO 2
KW  - epitaxial growth
KW  - structural properties
N1  - Accession Number: 11794706; Lu, P. 1 Lee, J. S. 2 Jia, Q. X. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA.  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p965; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: BARIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: BST; Author-Supplied Keyword: conductive RuO 2; Author-Supplied Keyword: epitaxial growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: structural properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Donchev, A.
AU  - Gleeson, B.
AU  - Schütze, M.
T1  - Thermodynamic considerations of the beneficial effect of halogens on the oxidation resistance of TiAl-based alloys
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The high-temperature oxidation resistance of γ-TiAl alloys can be significantly improved by the addition of small amounts of halogens, e.g. by ion implantation. The mechanism for this so-called halogen effect is based on the exclusive transport and subsequent oxidation of a gaseous aluminium-containing species in the inner region of the initially-formed scale to develop an Al2O3-rich protective layer. The present study verified this mechanism on the basis of thermodynamic calculations in the temperature range 700–1100 °C. The standard Gibbs energies of the most important reactions for the halogens F, Cl, Br, and I were considered and temperature-dependent halogen partial-pressure limits for the occurrence of the beneficial effect were determined. The lower partial-pressure limit was considered to be dictated by the minimum supply rate of aluminium necessary to sustain Al2O3 scale growth, while the upper limit was dictated by the competition between Al2O3 and TiO2 formation. The results from the chlorine calculations were used to estimate the number of chlorine atoms necessary at the alloy surface for the beneficial effect to operate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - HALOGENS
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - A. Titanium aluminides, based on TiAl
KW  - B. Oxidation
KW  - B. Thermodynamic and thermochemical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 9341373; Donchev, A. 1 Gleeson, B. 2 Schütze, M. 1; Email Address: schuetze@dechema.de; Affiliation:  1: Karl-Winnacker-Institut der DECHEMA e.V, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt/Main, Germany  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDoE), Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p387; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: HALOGENS; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Titanium aluminides, based on TiAl; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermodynamic and thermochemical properties; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0966-9795(03)00003-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinez-Frias, Joel
AU  - Pham, Ai-Quoc
AU  - M. Aceves, Salvador
T1  - A natural gas-assisted steam electrolyzer for high-efficiency production of hydrogen
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
SN  - 03603199
AB  - This paper presents a description and analysis of a novel, high-efficiency, solid oxide natural gas-assisted steam electrolyzer (NGASE). In conventional solid oxide electrolyzers, most of the electric power is used in forcing the oxygen to diffuse through the electrolyzer, against a high chemical potential. In the NGASE, natural gas is reacted with the oxygen produced in the electrolysis, reducing the chemical potential across the electrolyzer, thus minimizing electricity consumption. The oxygen produced in the electrolysis is consumed in either a total oxidation or a partial oxidation reaction with natural gas. Experiments performed on single cells show a voltage reduction of as much as 1 V when compared to conventional steam electrolyzers. Analysis indicates that incorporating the electrolyzer with a heat recovery system (heat exchangers and catalytic reactor) results in a high-efficiency hydrogen production system. The system efficiency is up to 70% with respect to primary energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC cells
KW  - ELECTROLYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 9143172; Martinez-Frias, Joel; Email Address: martinezfrias1@llnl.gov Pham, Ai-Quoc 1 M. Aceves, Salvador 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-644, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p483; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYSIS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00135-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forrestal, M.J.
AU  - Frew, D.J.
AU  - Hickerson, J.P.
AU  - Rohwer, T.A.
T1  - Penetration of concrete targets with deceleration-time measurements
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 479
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - We conducted two sets of penetration experiments with concrete targets that had average compressive strengths of 23 and 39 MPa (3.3 and 5.7 ksi). The 76.2-mm-diameter, 530-mm-long, ogive-nose projectiles were machined from 4340 RC45 steel and designed to contain a single-channel acceleration data recorder. Thus, we recorded acceleration during launch and deceleration during penetration. An 83-mm-diameter powder gun launched the 13 kg projectiles to striking velocities between 140 and 460 m/s. Measured penetration depths and deceleration-time data were analyzed with a previously published model. In addition, we compared the results of this study with results obtained from smaller diameter projectiles and this comparison suggested a projectile diameter scale effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PENETRATION mechanics
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - Concrete targets
KW  - Deceleration-time measurements
KW  - Penetration
N1  - Accession Number: 9008515; Forrestal, M.J. 1 Frew, D.J.; Email Address: difrew@sandia.gov Hickerson, J.P. 1 Rohwer, T.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 15414, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1174, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p479; Subject Term: PENETRATION mechanics; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Concrete targets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deceleration-time measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Penetration; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0734-743X(02)00108-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majta, Janusz
AU  - Zurek, Anna K.
T1  - Modeling of ferrite structure after deformation in the two-phase region
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 707
SN  - 07496419
AB  - This study presents some modeling aspects of microstructure development under intercritical (austenite–ferrite two-phase region) forming conditions in microalloyed and low carbon steels. The employed integrated computer model effectively links the advanced finite-element approach simulating metal flow and heat transfer during hot plastic deformation with the submodels describing complex microstructure development. It is proposed that a correct quantitative description of the microstructure allows the selection of processing parameters to control the microstructure inhomogeneity. The effective strain accumulated in the ferrite phase and temperature distributions were combined with the empirical formulas that enable calculation of ferrite grain size with separation between the two mechanisms of refinement process, i.e., transformation from hardened austenite and ferrite recrystallization. The predicted ferrite structures show reasonable agreement with those obtained in various experiments. Hence, the distribution of the mechanical properties will naturally be predicted based on the initial process conditions and using the proposed modeling procedure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - A. Microstructures
KW  - A. Phase transformation
KW  - A. Strengthening mechanisms
KW  - A. Thermomechanical processes
KW  - C. Finite elements
N1  - Accession Number: 8762113; Majta, Janusz 1; Email Address: majta@metal.agh.edu.pl Zurek, Anna K. 2; Email Address: zurek@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of Mining and Metallurgy, Metallurgy and Materials Science Department, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, MS:G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p707; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Microstructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Strengthening mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Thermomechanical processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Finite elements; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beyerlein, I.J.
AU  - Zhou, C.H.
AU  - Schadler, L.S.
T1  - A time dependent micro-mechanical fiber composite model for inelastic zone growth in viscoelastic matrices
JO  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
JF  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2171
SN  - 00207683
AB  - In this work, a fiber composite model is developed to predict the time dependent stress transfer behavior due to fiber fractures, as driven by the viscoelastic behavior of the polymer matrix, and the initiation and propagation of inelastic zones. We validate this model using in situ, room temperature, micro-Raman spectroscopy fiber strain measurements. Multifiber composites were placed under constant load creep tests and the fiber strains were evaluated with time after one fiber break occurred. These composite specimens ranged in fiber volume fraction and strain level. Comparison between prediction and MRS measurements allows us to characterize key in situ material parameters, the critical matrix shear strain for inelastic zones and interfacial frictional slip shear stress. We find that the inelastic zone is predominately either shear yielding or interfacial slipping, and the type depends on the local fiber spacing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Solids & Structures is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - VISCOELASTIC materials
KW  - Creep
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Interfacial slipping
KW  - Micro-Raman spectroscopy
KW  - Plastic matrix
KW  - Polymer matrix composites
N1  - Accession Number: 9340492; Beyerlein, I.J. 1; Email Address: irene@lanl.gov Zhou, C.H. 2 Schadler, L.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 40 Issue 9, p2171; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: VISCOELASTIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial slipping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-Raman spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer matrix composites; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00021-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - López-Herrera, J.M.
AU  - Barrero, A.
AU  - López, A.
AU  - Loscertales, I.G.
AU  - Márquez, M.
T1  - Coaxial jets generated from electrified Taylor cones. Scaling laws
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
SN  - 00218502
AB  - An experimental investigation on the electrified co-axial jets of two immiscible liquids issuing from a structured Taylor cone (Science 295 (5560) (2002) 1695) has been carried out. The structure of these almost conical electrified menisci consists of an outer meniscus surrounding an inner one. The liquid threads which issue from the vertex of each one of the menisci give rise to a two-concentric layered jet whose eventual breakup results in an aerosol of relatively monodisperse compound droplets with the outer liquid encapsulating the inner one. The effect of the flow rates of both liquids on the current transported by these coaxial jets and on the size of the compound droplets has been investigated. Several couples of liquids have been used to explore the influence on the spraying process of the properties of the liquids: i.e. the electrical conductivity <f>K</f>, dielectric constant <f>β</f>, interfacial tension of the liquid couple <f>γ</f>, viscosity <f>μ</f>, etc. We have found that the measurements of the current emitted through the coaxial jet when they are made dimensionless fit satisfactorily the current scaling law of regular electrosprays. Data of the mean diameter of the compound droplets have been obtained using a non-intrusive laser system. As expected the breakup process and therefore the droplet size are strongly dependent on the liquid viscosities and on the ratio of the liquid flow rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9601345; López-Herrera, J.M. 1 Barrero, A. 1,2; Email Address: barrero@eurus2.us.es López, A. 3 Loscertales, I.G. 2,4 Márquez, M. 5,6,7; Affiliation:  1: Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos, s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain  2: YFLOW S.L., Camilo José Cela 6, 41018 Sevilla, Spain  3: Ecole National Supérieure de Mécanique et dAérotechnique. Téléport 2-Futuroscope, 86960 Chasseneuil, France  4: Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Málaga, 41013 Málaga, Spain  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  6: Computational Chemistry Group, Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  7: Kraft Foods R&D, The Nanotechnology Laboratory, Glenview, IL 60025, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p535; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-8502(03)00021-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Jun
AU  - Zhong, Zhong
AU  - Lidtke, Roy
AU  - Kuettner, Klaus E.
AU  - Peterfy, Charles
AU  - Aliyeva, Elmira
AU  - Muehleman, Carol
T1  - Radiography of soft tissue of the foot and ankle with diffraction enhanced imaging.
JO  - Journal of Anatomy
JF  - Journal of Anatomy
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 202
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 470
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00218782
AB  - Abstract Non-calcified tissues, including tendons, ligaments, adipose tissue and cartilage, are not visible, for any practical purposes, with conventional X-ray imaging. Therefore, any pathological changes in these tissues generally necessitate detection through magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound technology. Until recently the development of an X-ray imaging technique that could detect both bone and soft tissues seemed unrealistic. However, the introduction of diffraction enhanced X-ray imaging (DEI) which is capable of rendering images with absorption, refraction and scatter rejection qualities has allowed detection of specific soft tissues based on small differences in tissue densities. Here we show for the first time that DEI allows high contrast imaging of soft tissues, including ligaments, tendons and adipose tissue, of the human foot and ankle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Anatomy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TISSUES
KW  - FOOT
KW  - ANKLE
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - cartilage imaging
KW  - cartilage radiography
KW  - soft tissue radiography
KW  - tendon imaging
KW  - X-ray imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 9614379; Li, Jun 1 Zhong, Zhong 2 Lidtke, Roy 3 Kuettner, Klaus E. 1 Peterfy, Charles 4 Aliyeva, Elmira 1 Muehleman, Carol 1,5; Affiliation:  1: Biochemistry and  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Bldg. 725D, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: W.M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine, Finch University, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA  4: SYNARC, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA  5: Anatomy, Rush Medical College, 600 South Paulina, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 202 Issue 5, p463; Subject Term: TISSUES; Subject Term: FOOT; Subject Term: ANKLE; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: cartilage imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: cartilage radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: soft tissue radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: tendon imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray imaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2003.00175.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujdala, Kyle L.
AU  - Tilley, T. Don
T1  - Design and synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts: the thermolytic molecular precursor approach
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 216
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
SN  - 00219517
AB  - The use of the thermolytic molecular precursor (TMP) method for the generation of multicomponent oxide materials is reviewed with emphasis on the generation of catalysts and catalyst support materials. Various adaptations of the TMP method that allow manipulation of catalyst compositions are presented. Further, the generation of isolated catalytic centers via grafting techniques is summarized. The implications for syntheses of new catalysts and catalyst formulations are discussed, and specific examples that involve selective hydrocarbon oxidation catalysts are provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEHYDROGENATION
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - Catalyst synthesis
KW  - Epoxidation
KW  - Molecular precursors
KW  - Oxidative dehydrogenation
KW  - Oxide catalysts
KW  - Selective oxidation
KW  - Site isolation
N1  - Accession Number: 9809835; Fujdala, Kyle L. 1 Tilley, T. Don 2; Email Address: tdtilley@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 216 Issue 1/2, p265; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENATION; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalyst synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular precursors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative dehydrogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxide catalysts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site isolation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9517(02)00106-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwarz, U.D.
T1  - A generalized analytical model for the elastic deformation of an adhesive contact between a sphere and a flat surface
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 261
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 00219797
AB  - A new method to calculate the elastic deformation of a sphere on a flat surface is presented. The model considers the influence of short-range as well as long-range attractive forces both inside and outside the actual contact area. In contrast to earlier models, this theory describes the nature of these deformations in the intermediate regime between the so-called JKR and DMT limits by simple analytic expressions. Equations for the calculation of the contact radius, the deformation, and the pressure distribution are given. In all equations, the critical force that might vary between the limiting values found in the DMT and the JKR model acts as transition parameter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ADHESIVE joints
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - Adhesive contacts
KW  - Contact mechanics
KW  - Hertz model
KW  - JKR–DMT transition
KW  - Maugis–Dugdale model
KW  - Sphere–plane contact
N1  - Accession Number: 9599389; Schwarz, U.D. 1; Email Address: udo.schwarz@yale.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 66-230, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 261 Issue 1, p99; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ADHESIVE joints; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesive contacts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hertz model; Author-Supplied Keyword: JKR–DMT transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maugis–Dugdale model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sphere–plane contact; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00049-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hadjiconstantinou, Nicolas G.
AU  - Garcia, Alejandro L.
AU  - Bazant, Martin Z.
AU  - He, Gang
T1  - Statistical error in particle simulations of hydrodynamic phenomena
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 187
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We present predictions for the statistical error due to finite sampling in the presence of thermal fluctuations in molecular simulation algorithms. Specifically, we establish how these errors depend on Mach number, Knudsen number, number of particles, etc. Expressions for the common hydrodynamic variables of interest such as flow velocity, temperature, density, pressure, shear stress, and heat flux are derived using equilibrium statistical mechanics. Both volume-averaged and surface-averaged quantities are considered. Comparisons between theory and computations using direct simulation Monte Carlo for dilute gases, and molecular dynamics for dense fluids, show that the use of equilibrium theory provides accurate results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - STATISTICAL mechanics
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - Fluctuations
KW  - Hydrodynamics
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Sampling
KW  - Statistical error
N1  - Accession Number: 9405033; Hadjiconstantinou, Nicolas G. 1; Email Address: ngh@mit.edu Garcia, Alejandro L. 2 Bazant, Martin Z. 3 He, Gang 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 187 Issue 1, p274; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: STATISTICAL mechanics; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical error; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00099-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin, Y.
AU  - Cao, G.
AU  - Crow, J.E.
T1  - Planar growth faults in double-layered or triple-layered (Ca,Sr)-ruthenate single crystals by the self-flux technique
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 252
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
SN  - 00220248
AB  - We have studied the microstructures of single crystals of the bi- and triple-layered transition metal oxides grown from high-temperature solution, the Ca- or the Sr-ruthenates that belong to the Ruddelsden–Popper series by transmission electron microscopy. The single crystals usually have rectangular shape with the facets on basal plane and the {1 1 0} planes. The bi-layered Ca-ruthenate Ca3Ru2O7 occasionally contains twins with the boundary on {1 1 0} and a 1.8° tilt between the twinned region. The triple-layered Sr ruthenate Sr4Ru3O10 single crystal has a few atomic layers of SrRuO3 intergrowth. The mixed cation bi-layered compounds, (Ca1−xSrx)3Ru2O7 exhibit increased density of intergrowths with increased Sr content. The fault planes are on the basal plane at the rocksalt layers. It is suggested that the Sr2+ anions that have larger ionic size than the Ca2+ cations, promote the disordering during the crystallization nucleation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metal oxides
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - A1. Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - B1. Layered transition metal oxides
KW  - B1. Ruthenate
N1  - Accession Number: 9342036; Xin, Y. 1; Email Address: xin@magnet.fsu.edu Cao, G. 2 Crow, J.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Magnet Science and Technology, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 252 Issue 1-3, p372; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal oxides; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Layered transition metal oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Ruthenate; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(03)00841-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mayes, M.A.
AU  - Jardine, P.M.
AU  - Mehlhorn, T.L.
AU  - Bjornstad, B.N.
AU  - Ladd, J.L.
AU  - Zachara, J.M.
T1  - Transport of multiple tracers in variably saturated humid region structured soils and semi-arid region laminated sediments
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 275
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 00221694
AB  - The processes governing physical nonequilibrium (PNE)—coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion—are diverse between humid and semi-arid regions, and are directly related to climate and rock/sediment type, and indirectly related to subsequent soil profile development. The fate and transport of contaminants in these variably saturated undisturbed media is largely a function of the influence of PNE processes. Large cores of laminated silts and sands were collected from the US Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in semi-arid south central Washington. Additional cores of weathered, fractured interbedded limestone and shale saprolite were collected from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in humid eastern Tennessee. PNNL cores were collected parallel (FBP) and perpendicular (FXB) to bedding, and the ORNL core was 30° to bedding. Saturated and unsaturated transport experiments were performed using multiple nonreactive tracers that had different diffusion coefficients (Br−, PFBA, and PIPES), in order to identify the influence of PNE on the fate and transport of solutes. In the ORNL structured saprolite, solute transport was governed by coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion, as evidenced by tracer separation and highly asymmetric breakthrough curves (BTC). BTCs became more symmetric as preferential flowpaths became inactive during drainage. Tracer separation persisted during unsaturated flow suggesting the continued importance of nonequilibrium mass transfer between flowpaths and the immobile water that was held in the soil matrix. No evidence of PNE was observed under near-saturated conditions in the semi-arid region (PNNL) laminated silts and sands. Unsaturated flow in cores with discontinuous layering resulted in preferential flow and the development of perched, immobile water as evidenced by early breakthrough and separation of tracers. Conversely, transport parallel to laterally continuous beds did not result in preferential flow, the development of perched water, or tracer separation regardless of water content. These observations suggested that desaturation had two effects: (1) grain size variations between individual beds resulted in different antecedent water contents, and (2) the exchange of water and solutes between individual sedimentary beds was subsequently inhibited. Under unsaturated conditions, these effects may promote either stable lateral flow, or unstable vertical finger flow coupled with the development of perched, immobile water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZONE of aeration
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - Breakthrough curves
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Equilibrium
KW  - Preferential flow
KW  - Unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 9498027; Mayes, M.A. 1; Email Address: zk5@ornl.gov Jardine, P.M. 1 Mehlhorn, T.L. 1 Bjornstad, B.N. 2 Ladd, J.L. 3 Zachara, J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: P.O. Box 5013, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 275 Issue 3/4, p141; Subject Term: ZONE of aeration; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breakthrough curves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00039-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Guadagnini, Alberto
AU  - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.
T1  - Unsaturated flow in heterogeneous soils with spatially distributed uncertain hydraulic parameters
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 275
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
SN  - 00221694
AB  - Uncertain soil properties are often modeled as random fields. This renders the unsaturated flow equations stochastic. Determining statistics of pressure head statistics, <f>ψ,</f> is nontrivial, since the Richards equation is highly nonlinear. The prevalent approach is to linearize relative hydraulic conductivity, <f>Kr(ψ),</f> around the ensemble mean pressure head, <f>〈ψ〉,</f> which often leads to significant errors. Recently, an approach has been proposed to avoid such a linearization for the Gardner model, <f>Kr=exp(αψ),</f> with the soil parameter <f>α</f> being a random variable. We generalize this approach by allowing <f>α</f> to be a random field. This is achieved by means of a partial mean-field approximation with respect to <f>α(x).</f> Using two-dimensional infiltration into a heterogeneous soil with uncertain hydraulic parameters as an example, we demonstrate that our predictions of the mean pressure head and its variance remain accurate for moderately variable <f>α</f>s. The robustness of our solutions increases with the correlation length of <f>α.</f> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - Moment equations
KW  - Nonlinear
KW  - Porous media
KW  - Random
KW  - Stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 9498029; Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 1; Email Address: dmt@lanl.gov Lu, Zhiming 2; Email Address: zhiming@lanl.gov Guadagnini, Alberto 3; Email Address: alberto.guadagnini@polimi.it Tartakovsky, Alexandre M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA  2: Earth and Environmental Science Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA  3: DIIAR, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy  4: Geosciences Research, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 275 Issue 3/4, p182; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moment equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00042-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Jichun
AU  - Hu, Bill X.
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - Applications of nonstationary stochastic theory to solute transport in multi-scale geological media
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 275
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 208
SN  - 00221694
AB  - In this study, we make use of a nonstationary stochastic theory in studying solute flux through spatially nonstationary flows in porous media. The nonstationarity of flow stems from various sources, such as multi-scale, nonstationary medium features and complex hydraulic boundary conditions. These flow nonstationarities are beyond the applicable range of the ‘classical’ stochastic theory for stationary flow fields, but widely exist in natural media. In this study, the stochastic frames for flow and transport are developed through an analytical analysis while the solutions are obtained with a numerical method. This approach combines the stochastic concept with the flexibility of the numerical method in handling medium nonstationarity and boundary/initial conditions. It provides a practical way for applying stochastic theory to solute transport in complex groundwater environments. This approach is demonstrated through some synthetic cases of solute transport in multi-scale media as well as some hypothetical scenarios of solute transport in the groundwater below the Yucca Mountain project area. It is shown that the spatial variations of mean log-conductivity and correlation function significantly affect the mean and variance of solute flux. Even for a stationary medium, complex hydraulic boundary conditions may result in a nonstationary flow field. Flow nonstationarity and/or nonuniform distribution of initial plume (geometry and/or density) may lead to nonGaussian behaviors (with multiple peaks) for mean and variance of the solute flux. The calculated standard deviation of solute flux is generally larger than its mean value, which implies that real solute fluxes may significantly deviate from the mean predictions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9498031; Wu, Jichun 1,2 Hu, Bill X. 1; Email Address: hu@dri.edu Zhang, Dongxiao 3; Affiliation:  1: Desert Research Institute, Division of Hydrologic Sciences, University and Community System of Nevada, 755 E. Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA  2: Nanjing University, Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China  3: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 275 Issue 3/4, p208; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00044-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klintenberg, M.K.
AU  - Weber, M.J.
AU  - Derenzo, D.E.
T1  - Luminescence and scintillation of PbI2 and HgI2
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 102-103
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
SN  - 00222313
AB  - The luminescence spectra and scintillation decay properties of wide-bandgap semiconductors PbI2 and HgI2 have been investigated as a function of temperature in the range 10–165 K. Decay times and luminosities were measured using powder samples and crystals and a pulsed X-ray facility capable of a time resolution of ∼60 ps. In both materials, near-band-edge exciton lines and broad emission bands shifted to lower energies are observed. The X-ray excited scintillations exhibit fast (ns), nonexponential decays. The rise and decay rates of the broad emission bands decrease with increasing wavelength characteristic of donor–acceptor pair emission. With increasing temperature, the luminosities decrease much faster than the fwhm decay lifetimes. Therefore the reduction in luminosity is not due primarily to thermal quenching of the excited states but to thermally activated trapping of charge carriers on nonradiative recombination centers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - Near-band-edge emission
KW  - Pulsed X-ray excitation
KW  - Scintillation properties
KW  - Wide bandgap semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 9441159; Klintenberg, M.K. 1,2 Weber, M.J. 2; Email Address: mjweber@lbl.gov Derenzo, D.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS55R0121 One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720-8119, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 102-103, p287; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Near-band-edge emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed X-ray excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wide bandgap semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2313(02)00511-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gektin, A.V.
AU  - Shiran, N.V.
AU  - Neicheva, S.V.
AU  - Weber, M.J.
AU  - Derenzo, S.E.
AU  - Moses, W.W.
T1  - Energy transfer in LiCaAlF6:Ce3+
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 102-103
M3  - Article
SP  - 460
SN  - 00222313
AB  - Time-resolved X-ray excited luminescence, induced absorption and thermostimulated luminescence in pure and Ce-doped LiCaAlF6 crystals have been investigated. It was found that the Ce-doped samples have a fast rise time and a 25 ns decay time following pulsed photoexcitation and a 6 ns rise time and a 50 ns decay time following pulsed X-ray excitation. This may be connected with the transport and sequential capture of charge carriers at or near the Ce3+ ion. The overlapping self-trapped exciton emission (280 nm) and Ce3+ ion absorption (270 nm) bands also makes excitonic energy transfer possible. Shallow and deep traps were found in the LiCaAlF6:Ce3+ crystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - TIME-resolved spectroscopy
KW  - LiCaAlF6:Ce3+
KW  - Scintillation process
KW  - Thermostimulated luminescence
KW  - Ultrafast rise time measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 9441226; Gektin, A.V. 1; Email Address: gektin@isc.kharkov.com Shiran, N.V. 1 Neicheva, S.V. 1 Weber, M.J. 2 Derenzo, S.E. 2 Moses, W.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: AHC Department, Institute for Single Crystals, 60 Lenin Avenue 61001, Kharkov 310001, Ukraine  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 102-103, p460; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: TIME-resolved spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiCaAlF6:Ce3+; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermostimulated luminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafast rise time measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2313(02)00599-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harris, Douglas J.
AU  - de Azevedo, Eduardo R.
AU  - Bonagamba, Tito J.
T1  - Difference-NMR techniques for selection of components on the basis of relaxation times
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 162
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
SN  - 10907807
AB  - This work describes a numerical methodology to obtain more efficient relaxation filters to selectively retain or remove components based on relaxation times. The procedure uses linear combinations of spectra with various recycle or filter delays to obtain components that are both quantitative and pure. Modulation profiles are calculated assuming exponential relaxation behavior. The method is general and can be applied to a wide range of solution or solid-state NMR experiments including direct-polarization (DP), or filtered cross-polarization (CP) spectra. <f>13C</f> NMR experiments on isotactic poly(1-butene) and dimethyl sulfone showed the utility of the technique for selectively suppressing peaks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - DIMETHYL sulfone
KW  - <f>T1</f>
KW  - Cross-polarization
KW  - Direct-polarization
KW  - Relaxation time
KW  - Selection
N1  - Accession Number: 9808809; Harris, Douglas J. 1; Email Address: douglas.harris@fmglobal.com de Azevedo, Eduardo R. 2 Bonagamba, Tito J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Organic Materials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, USA  2: Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 162 Issue 1, p67; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: DIMETHYL sulfone; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>T1</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct-polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relaxation time; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selection; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00043-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Straub, Timothy M.
AU  - Chandler, Darrell P.
T1  - Towards a unified system for detecting waterborne pathogens
JO  - Journal of Microbiological Methods
JF  - Journal of Microbiological Methods
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 01677012
AB  - Currently, there is no single method to collect, process, and analyze a water sample for all pathogenic microorganisms of interest. Some of the difficulties in developing a universal method include the physical differences between the major pathogen groups (viruses, bacteria, protozoa), efficiently concentrating large volume water samples to detect low target concentrations of certain pathogen groups, removing co-concentrated inhibitors from the sample, and standardizing a culture-independent endpoint detection method. Integrating the disparate technologies into a single, universal, simple method and detection system would represent a significant advance in public health and microbiological water quality analysis. Recent advances in sample collection, on-line sample processing and purification, and DNA microarray technologies may form the basis of a universal method to detect known and emerging waterborne pathogens. This review discusses some of the challenges in developing a universal pathogen detection method, current technology that may be employed to overcome these challenges, and the remaining needs for developing an integrated pathogen detection and monitoring system for source or finished water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microbiological Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - AQUATIC microbiology
KW  - Current technology
KW  - Unified system
KW  - Waterborne pathogen
N1  - Accession Number: 9342717; Straub, Timothy M. 1; Email Address: Timothy.Straub@pnl.gov Chandler, Darrell P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Analytical Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999 MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Biochip Technology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p185; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: AQUATIC microbiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unified system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Waterborne pathogen; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-7012(03)00023-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9342717&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buelna, Genoveva
AU  - Jarek, Russell L.
AU  - Thornberg, Steven M.
AU  - Nenoff, Tina M.
T1  - Real-time study on cumene formation based on RGA/MS analysis
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 198
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
SN  - 13811169
KW  - Alkylation of benzene
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Mass spectroscopy
KW  - Real-time
KW  - Residual gas analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9602512; Buelna, Genoveva 1 Jarek, Russell L. 2 Thornberg, Steven M. 3 Nenoff, Tina M. 1; Email Address: tmnenof@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Environmental Monitoring and Characterization Department, P.O. Box 5800, MS-0755, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Total Systems Performance Assessment Department, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Chemical and Biological Sensing, Imaging and Analysis Department, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 198 Issue 1/2, p289; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkylation of benzene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Real-time; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual gas analysis; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1381-1169(02)00735-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Una R.
AU  - Kuiken, Carla R.
AU  - Korber, Bette T.
T1  - Recent Evolutionary History of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype B—Response.
JO  - Journal of Molecular Evolution
JF  - Journal of Molecular Evolution
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 56
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
EP  - 644
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222844
AB  - The year of origin estimated by Lukashov and Goudsmit for HIV-1 subtype B is 1976 (95% CI, 1974–1977); this is significantly different from our prior estimate, 1967 (95% CI, 1960–1971). We review published evidence, which suggests that their estimate is too late. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Evolution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - AIDS (Disease)
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - IMMUNOLOGICAL deficiency syndromes
KW  - VIRUS-induced immunosuppression
KW  - AIDS
KW  - Epidemic
KW  - HIV-1
KW  - Molecular clock
KW  - Most recent common ancestor
N1  - Accession Number: 16766871; Smith, Una R. 1; Email Address: una@lanl.gov Kuiken, Carla R. 1 Korber, Bette T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K-710, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 56 Issue 5, p643; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: AIDS (Disease); Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGICAL deficiency syndromes; Subject Term: VIRUS-induced immunosuppression; Author-Supplied Keyword: AIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epidemic; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular clock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Most recent common ancestor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00239-002-2438-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Bor-Chen
AU  - Guss, Joseph
AU  - Sears, Trevor J.
T1  - Hot bands in the <f>A˜←X˜</f> spectrum of HCBr
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 219
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
SN  - 00222852
AB  - Spectra of both the <f>A˜</f>(0, 0, 0)–<f>X˜</f>(0, 1, 0) and <f>A˜</f>(0, 0, 0)–<f>X˜</f>(0, 0, 1) bands in the <f>A˜</f>–<f>X˜</f> band system of HCBr have been recorded and rotationally assigned. The HCBr radical was formed by 193 nm excimer laser photolysis of bromoform. We found no signals from HCBr when the photolysis laser wavelength was changed to 248 nm, although strong CH product emission was observed by eye at both wavelengths. Most of the spectra were recorded in absorption at ambient temperature in a long-path absorption cell using a single frequency Ti:sapphire laser as the light source, but some congested sections were recorded under jet-cooled conditions. Analysis yielded accurate values for the vibrational fundamentals and rotational constants for the vibrationally excited ground state levels determined. A combination of experimental measurements and ab initio vibration–rotation constants was used to estimate equilibrium parameters and a ground state structure for HCBr. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN bromide
KW  - MOLECULAR rotation
N1  - Accession Number: 9714263; Chang, Bor-Chen 1 Guss, Joseph 2 Sears, Trevor J. 2; Email Address: sears@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 32054, Taiwan  2: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 219 Issue 1, p136; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bromide; Subject Term: MOLECULAR rotation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00032-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeSain, John D.
AU  - Ho, Andrew D.
AU  - Taatjes, Craig A.
T1  - High-resolution diode laser absorption spectroscopy of the O–H stretch overtone band <f>(2,0,0)←(0,0,0)</f> of the <f>HO2</f> radical
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 219
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 00222852
AB  - The O–H stretching overtone (2<f>ν1</f>) of the <f>HO2</f> radical was observed between 6603.2 to <f>6685.5 cm−1</f> by using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS). About 1000 lines were observed in this region of which 491 transitions could be definitively assigned to the 2<f>ν1</f>. The spectrum is observed to be an A/B hybrid band with band features of both a perpendicular and parallel nature. Transitions of the A-type bands with <f>Ka′=0–3</f>, <f>N′&les;16</f> and transitions of the B-type bands with <f>Ka′=0,1</f>, <f>N′&les;15</f> were assigned. The origin calculated from the best fit to the present spectrum is at <f>6651.1876(38) cm−1</f> which is ∼<f>4.6 cm−1</f> higher than previously reported. The overtone spectrum is observed to be heavily perturbed, possibly by Fermi resonance with energy levels of the nearby <f>(ν2+5ν3)</f> state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - FREE radicals (Chemistry)
KW  - <f>HO2</f> radical
KW  - Diode laser
KW  - Infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Overtone
N1  - Accession Number: 9714266; DeSain, John D. 1; Email Address: john.d.desain@aero.org Ho, Andrew D. 2 Taatjes, Craig A. 2; Affiliation:  1: The Aerospace Corporation, M5/754, P.O. Box 92957, Los Angels, CA 90009-2957 USA  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 219 Issue 1, p163; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: FREE radicals (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>HO2</f> radical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diode laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overtone; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00022-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schrooten, J.
AU  - Meyer, B.
AU  - Martin, S.W.
AU  - Borsa, F.
T1  - Preparation and characterization of boron oxysulfide glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 319
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Stable, homogeneous <f>xB2O3+(1−x)B2S3</f> glasses were prepared between <f>0&les;x&les;0.80</f>. It was not possible to prepare homogeneous, stable glasses of compositions <f>0.85&les;x&les;0.95</f> due to a strong exothermic enthalpy of mixing between the B2S3 and B2O3 phases. Raman and 11B NMR spectroscopies, used to characterize the structure of the glasses, show that the boron oxide structures of B2O3 especially the six-membered (thioboroxol) rings, quickly diminish with increasing sulfide content, whereas the corresponding sulfide structures in B2S3 remain relatively intense as the oxide content is increased. Differential scanning calorimetry and density measurements, used to characterize the physical properties of the glasses, show that the physical properties of these boron oxysulfide glasses heavily favor the B2S3 properties regardless of the amount of B2O3 added to the system. It is hypothesized that the stability of the thioboroxol ring group relative to that of the BS3/2 trigonal group is a possible source of this behavior. The large heat of mixing for B2O3 rich glasses is associated with the formation of new mixed boron oxysulfide structures of composition BS<f>i</f>O<f>3−i</f> where <f>0<i<3</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - BORON compounds
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9403618; Schrooten, J. 1 Meyer, B. 1,2 Martin, S.W. 1; Email Address: swmartin@iastate.edu Borsa, F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 3053 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3110, USA  2: Ames Laboratory-US Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 319 Issue 1/2, p136; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: BORON compounds; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01919-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Senor, D.J.
AU  - Youngblood, G.E.
AU  - Greenwood, L.R.
AU  - Archer, D.V.
AU  - Alexander, D.L.
AU  - Chen, M.C.
AU  - Newsome, G.A.
T1  - Defect structure and evolution in silicon carbide irradiated to 1 dpa-SiC at 1100 °C
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 317
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), swelling measurements, isochronal annealing, and thermal diffusivity testing were used to characterize the effects of radiation damage in SiC. Together, these techniques provided a comprehensive set of tools for observing and characterizing the structure and evolution of radiation-induced defects in SiC as a function of irradiation temperature and dose. In this study, two types of dense, crystalline, monolithic SiC were subjected to irradiation doses up to 1 dpa-SiC at a temperature of 1100 °C, as well as post-irradiation annealing up to 1500 °C. The microscopic defect structures observed by TEM were correlated to changes in the macroscopic dimensions, thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity. The results demonstrated the value of using ultrapure β-SiC as an effective reference material to characterize the nature of expected radiation damage in other, more complex, SiC-based materials such as SiC/SiC composites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - 66.70.+f
N1  - Accession Number: 9446011; Senor, D.J. 1 Youngblood, G.E. 1 Greenwood, L.R. 1 Archer, D.V. 1 Alexander, D.L. 1 Chen, M.C. 2 Newsome, G.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P8-10, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Lockheed Martin Corporation, P.O. Box 1072, Schenectady, NY 12301, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 317 Issue 2/3, p145; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: 66.70.+f; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00077-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foster, John Paul
AU  - Bunde, Kermit
AU  - Porter, Douglas L.
T1  - Irradiation creep of annealed 304L stainless steel at low dose levels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 317
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A detailed analysis was performed with previously reported solution-annealed 304L irradiation creep data. The test was irradiated in EBR-II at a temperature of 390 °C to a maximum dose of 93.3 dpa. The test samples were un-pressurized and pressurized tubes. The stress values covered the range of 69–188 MPa. Previous investigations of the data have focused on the high dose behavior. This evaluation performed a detailed evaluation of the low dose data. The results show that the swelling independent steady state irradiation creep coefficient is equal to 0.380 × 10−6/MPa-dpa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 9446013; Foster, John Paul 1; Email Address: fosterjp@westinghouse.com Bunde, Kermit 2 Porter, Douglas L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Commercial Nuclear Fuel Division, Westinghouse Electric Company, 5801 Bluff Road, PO Drawer R, Columbia, SC 29250, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83401, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 317 Issue 2/3, p167; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00083-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dinh, L.N.
AU  - McLean II, W.
AU  - Schildbach, M.A.
AU  - LeMay, J.D.
AU  - Siekhaus, W.J.
AU  - Balooch, M.
T1  - The nature and effects of the thermal stability of lithium hydroxide
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 317
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Temperature programmed decomposition and complimentary microscopy/spectroscopy techniques were performed on lithium hydroxide with micron-sized grains. The lithium hydroxide grains thermally decomposed into Li2O, releasing H2O, following a three dimensional phase boundary moving from the surface inward. The energy barriers measured for the decomposition of surface and near-surface lithium hydroxide are noticeably smaller than those of bulk counterpart. The conversion of Li2O grains back to lithium hydroxide during moisture exposure was also found to proceed from the surface inward such that surface states are filled before bulk states. In a different set of experiments, nanometer-scale composite grains composed of LiD inner cores and LiOH outer layers were observed to form on top of pressed polycrystalline LiD upon moisture exposure. A diffusion coefficient on the order of 10−23 m2/s was measured for the diffusion controlled reaction of LiOH with LiD in the nanopowder at room temperature in a dry environment. The measured kinetics were used to model the evolution of the LiD/LiOH composite system in a dry environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 9446014; Dinh, L.N.; Email Address: dinh1@llnl.gov McLean II, W. 1 Schildbach, M.A. 1 LeMay, J.D. 1 Siekhaus, W.J. 1 Balooch, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-356, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 317 Issue 2/3, p175; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00084-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karonis, Nicholas T.
AU  - Toonen, Brian
AU  - Foster, Ian
T1  - MPICH-G2: A Grid-enabled implementation of the Message Passing Interface
JO  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
JF  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 63
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 551
SN  - 07437315
AB  - Application development for distributed-computing “Grids” can benefit from tools that variously hide or enable application-level management of critical aspects of the heterogeneous environment. As part of an investigation of these issues, we have developed MPICH-G2, a Grid-enabled implementation of the Message Passing Interface (MPI) that allows a user to run MPI programs across multiple computers, at the same or different sites, using the same commands that would be used on a parallel computer. This library extends the Argonne MPICH implementation of MPI to use services provided by the Globus Toolkit for authentication, authorization, resource allocation, executable staging, and I/O, as well as for process creation, monitoring, and control. Various performance-critical operations, including startup and collective operations, are configured to exploit network topology information. The library also exploits MPI constructs for performance management; for example, the MPI communicator construct is used for application-level discovery of, and adaptation to, both network topology and network quality-of-service mechanisms. We describe the MPICH-G2 design and implementation, present performance results, and review application experiences, including record-setting distributed simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - SOFTWARE configuration management
KW  - Globus Toolkit
KW  - Grid computing
KW  - Message passing
KW  - MPI
KW  - MPICH-G2
N1  - Accession Number: 10007246; Karonis, Nicholas T. 1,2; Email Address: karonis@niu.edu Toonen, Brian 2; Email Address: toonen@mcs.anl.gov Foster, Ian 2,3; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 63 Issue 5, p551; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: SOFTWARE configuration management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Globus Toolkit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Message passing; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPI; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPICH-G2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0743-7315(03)00002-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minkoff, Susan E.
AU  - Stone, C. Mike
AU  - Bryant, Steve
AU  - Peszynska, Malgorzata
AU  - Wheeler, Mary F.
T1  - Coupled fluid flow and geomechanical deformation modeling
JO  - Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 38
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 09204105
AB  - Accurate prediction of reservoir production in structurally weak geologic areas requires both mechanical deformation and fluid flow modeling. Loose staggered-in-time coupling of two independent flow and mechanics simulators captures much of the complex physics at a substantially reduced cost. Two 3-D finite element simulators—Integrated Parallel Accurate Reservoir Simulator (IPARS) for flow and JAS3D for mechanics—together model multiphase fluid flow in reservoir rocks undergoing deformation ranging from linear elasticity to large, nonlinear inelastic compaction. The loose coupling algorithm uses a high-level driver to call the flow simulator for a set of time steps with fixed reservoir properties. Pore pressures from flow are used as loads for the geomechanics code in the determination of stresses, strains, and displacements. The mechanics-derived strain is used to calculate changes to the reservoir parameters (porosity and permeability) for the next set of flow time steps. Mass is conserved in the coupled code despite dynamically changing reservoir parameters via a modification to the Newton system for the flow equations, and an approximate rock compressibility becomes a useful preconditioner to help with convergence of the modified flow equations. Two numerical experiments illustrate the accuracy of the coupled code. The first example is a quarter-five-spot waterflood undergoing poroelastic deformation, which is validated against a fully coupled simulator. Vertical displacements at the well locations match to within 10%. Moreover, experimentation shows that 13 mechanics time steps (taken over the course of 5 years of simulation time) were sufficient to achieve this result (a substantial cost savings over full coupling in which both the mechanics and flow equations must be solved at each time step). The second numerical example is based on real data from the Belridge Field in California, which illustrates one of the complex plastic constitutive relationships available in the coupled code. The results mimic behavior which was observed in the field. The coupled code serves as a prototype for loosely coupling together any two preexisting simulators modeling diverse physics. This technique produces a coupled code relatively quickly and inexpensively and has the advantage of accurately modeling complex nonlinear phenomena often observed in a real field but difficult to capture with a fully coupled simulator. Further, the code has produced promising results when used for time-lapse studies of compactible reservoirs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PETROLEUM engineering
KW  - Coupled processes
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Flow
KW  - Mechanics
KW  - Petroleum engineering
KW  - Simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 9498039; Minkoff, Susan E. 1; Email Address: sminkoff@math.umbc.edu Stone, C. Mike 2; Email Address: cmstone@sandia.gov Bryant, Steve 3; Email Address: sbryant@ticam.utexas.edu Peszynska, Malgorzata 3; Email Address: mpesz@ticam.utexas.edu Wheeler, Mary F. 3; Email Address: mfw@ticam.utexas.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA  2: Computational Solid Mechanics and Structural Dynamics Department 9142, Mail Stop 0847, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Center for Subsurface Modeling, Texas Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics (TICAM), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 38 Issue 1/2, p37; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PETROLEUM engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coupled processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Petroleum engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-4105(03)00021-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanner
AU  - D. D.
AU  - Kandanarachchi
AU  - P.
AU  - Das
AU  - N. C.
AU  - Franz
AU  - J. A.
T1  - Absolute Rates of the Solution-Phase Addition of Atomic Hydrogen to a Vinyl Ether and a Vinyl Ester:  Effect of Oxygen Substitution on Hydrogen Atom Reactivity with Olefins.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 107
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3054
EP  - 3063
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The reactions of vinyl butyl ether and vinyl butyrate with atomic hydrogen and deuterium lead to addition at the terminal position of the olefins. This observation is consistent with the reactions carried out earlier with other olefins. Both of the absolute rates of addition to vinylbutyl ether and vinyl butyrate, in acetone and hexane, were measured at several temperatures. The relative rates are consistent with only modest stabilization of the transition state of the radical adduct by the α-O substituent compared with that of hydrogen atom addition to 1-octene. The relative rates measured in acetone and hexane indicate no significant differential solvation of the ground state relative to the transition structures of the hydrogen atom addition. The kinetics reveal that the early transition states for hydrogen atom addition exhibit little selectivity (vinyl ether versus simple olefin) in either the abstraction of hydrogen α to the oxygen or by terminal addition to the olefinic ether and reflects the modest influence of the increased enthalpy of reaction associated with resonance stabilization by the oxygen substituent at the developing radical site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VINYL ethers
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ACETONE
KW  - ETHANES
N1  - Accession Number: 18432457; Tanner D. D. 1 Kandanarachchi P. 1 Das N. C. 1 Franz J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 17, p3054; Subject Term: VINYL ethers; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ACETONE; Subject Term: ETHANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhan
AU  - C.-G.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
T1  - The Nature and Absolute Hydration Free Energy of the Solvated Electron in Water.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 107
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4403
EP  - 4417
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report the first first-principles solvation-included electronic structure study to energetically compare a variety of candidate structures of the hydrated electron and to determine its absolute hydration free energy ΔGhyd298(e-). The calculated results show that both the thermal motion and bulk solvent effects can qualitatively change the relative thermodynamic stability of different structures of the hydrated electron on the basis of a cluster of a given size, and that the most stable structure in solution is not necessarily the most stable one in the gas phase. For a given number of explicitly included solvent water molecules, the most stable structure in solution reveals a unique feature of the chemical nature of the solvated electron in water, i.e., the electron forms two strong electron-hydrogen bonds of the e-···HO type with the hydrogen-bonded water cluster and two of the hydrogen bonds in the neutral water cluster are broken. On the basis of the most stable structures, the calculated electronic excitation energies are within the observed absorption range of the hydrated electron in water. The absolute hydration free energy of the solvated electron in water has been calculated to be -35.5 kcal/mol by using a reliable computational protocol of first-principles solvation-included electronic structure calculations. This value is in excellent agreement with a recently obtained value of -34.6 kcal/mol. The predicted ΔGhyd298(e-) value of -35.5 kcal/mol, when combined with our previously predicted ΔGhyd298(H+) value of -262.4 kcal/mol and ΔGhyd298(HO-) value of -104.5 kcal/mol by using the same computational protocol, gives ΔGhyd298(e-) + ΔGhyd298(H+) = -297.9 kcal/mol and ΔGhyd298(e-) - ΔGhyd298(HO-) = 69.0 kcal/mol, in excellent agreement with the corresponding values derived from experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12072280; Zhan C.-G. 1 Dixon D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K1-83, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 17, p4403; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, L.G.
AU  - Šob, M.
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Instability of higher-energy phases in simple and transition metals
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 64
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 863
SN  - 00223697
AB  - We perform full-potential first-principles total energy calculations for several simple and transition metals along three distinct phase transformation paths, i.e. the tetragonal, trigonal and hexagonal paths. Our results show that higher-energy phases, such as the bcc structure for Al, Cu and Ti and the fcc structure for Nb, Mo, Ta and W, are always unstable with respect to one or more of transformation modes. Some local minima along the total energy profiles are found to correspond to the structures not dictated by the symmetry. We discuss the most interesting problem why a higher-energy phase may be stabilized in a pseudomorphic film. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - A. Metal
KW  - C. Ab initio calculations
KW  - D. Phase transition
KW  - Instability
KW  - Pseudomorphic films
N1  - Accession Number: 9050750; Wang, L.G. 1; Email Address: lwang@nrel.gov Šob, M. 1 Zhang, Zhenyu 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Žižkova 22, CZ-616 62 Brno, Czech Republic  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 64 Issue 5, p863; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Ab initio calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudomorphic films; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Barton L.
AU  - Swift, G. W.
T1  - Power dissipation and time-averaged pressure in oscillating flow through a sudden area change.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 113
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2455
EP  - 2463
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Experiments on oscillating flow at the abrupt transition between a two-dimensional channel and essentially infinite space are presented. It is shown that phenomena associated with the transition are functions of three independent dimensionless parameters including the dimensionless radius rounding the edge of the end of the channel. The effect of each of these three parameters on the time-averaged pressure difference across the transition and the acoustic power dissipation is explored by holding two parameters fixed while varying the third. Evidence is presented that the losses due to oscillatory flow in this geometry are smaller than would be expected from commonly accepted values for steady flow in similar geometry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - SOUND
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 20636940; Smith, Barton L. 1 Swift, G. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322  2: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 113 Issue 5, p2455; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1564022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehman, Sean K.
AU  - Devaney, Anthony J.
T1  - Transmission mode time-reversal super-resolution imaging.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 113
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2742
EP  - 2753
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The theory of time-reversal super-resolution imaging of point targets embedded in a reciprocal background medium [A. J. Devaney, ''Super-resolution imaging using time-reversal and MUSIC,'' J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (to be published)] is generalized to the case where the transmitter and receiver sensor arrays need not be coincident and for cases where the background medium can be nonreciprocal. The new theory developed herein is based on the singular value decomposition of the generalized multistatic data matrix of the sensor system rather than the standard eigenvector/eigenvalue decomposition of the time-reversal matrix as was employed in the above-mentioned work and other treatments of time-reversal imaging [Prada, Thomas, and Fink, ''The iterative time reversal process: Analysis of the convergence,'' J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 97, 62 ~1995!; Prada et al., ''Decomposition of the time reversal operator: Detection and selective focusing on two scatterers,'' J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99, 2067 (1996)]. A generalized multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is derived that allows super-resolution imaging of both well-resolved and non-well-resolved point targets from arbitrary sensor array geometries. MUSIC exploits the orthogonal nature of the scatterer and noise subspaces defined by the singular vectors of the multistatic data matrix to form scatterer images. The time-reversal/MUSIC algorithm is tested and validated in two computer simulations of offset vertical seismic profiling where the sensor sources are aligned along the earth's surface and the receiver array is aligned along a subsurface borehole. All results demonstrate the high contrast, high resolution imaging capabilities of this new algorithm combination when compared with ''classical'' backpropagation or field focusing. Above and beyond the application of seismo-acoustic imaging, the time-reversal super-resolution theory has applications in ocean acoustics for target location, and ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION of sound
KW  - ARCHITECTURAL acoustics
KW  - SOUND waves
KW  - MUSIC
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 20636961; Lehman, Sean K. 1; Email Address: lehman2@llnl.gov Devaney, Anthony J. 2; Email Address: tonydev2@aol.com; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 113 Issue 5, p2742; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION of sound; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURAL acoustics; Subject Term: SOUND waves; Subject Term: MUSIC; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1566975
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shields, Sharon J.
AU  - Oyeyemi, Olayinka
AU  - Lightstone, Felice C.
AU  - Balhorn, Rod
T1  - Mass spectrometry and non-covalent protein-ligand complexes: confirmation of binding sites and changes in tertiary structure
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 460
SN  - 10440305
AB  - An experimental approach is described for determining protein-small molecule non-covalent ligand binding sites and protein conformational changes induced by ligand binding. The methodology utilizes time resolved limited proteolysis and the high throughput analysis capability of MALDI TOF MS to determine the binding site in a tetanus toxin C-fragment (51 kDa)-doxorubicin (543 Da) non-covalent complex. Comparing relative ion abundances of peptides released from the time resolved limited proteolysis of tetanus toxin C-fragment (TetC) and the TetC-doxorubicin complex every 10 min from 10 to 120 min of digestion revealed that the binding of doxorubicin induced a significant change in surface topology of TetC. Four of the twenty-nine peptides observed by MALDI MS, including amino acids 351–360, 299–304, 305–311 and 312–316, had a lower abundance in the TetC-doxorubicin complex relative to TetC from 10 to 100 min of digestion. A decrease in ion abundance suggests doxorubicin obstructs the access of the protease to one or both termini of these peptides, identifying doxorubicin binding site(s). Conversely, five peptide ions, including amino acids 335–350, 364–375, 364–376, 281–298, and 316–328, all had a greater abundance in the digest of the complex, indicating an increase in accessibility to these sites. These five peptides flank regions of decreased ion abundance, suggesting that doxorubicin not only binds to the surface, but also induces a conformational change in TetC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGAND binding (Biochemistry)
KW  - PROTEOLYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 9712685; Shields, Sharon J. 1; Email Address: shields9@llnl.gov Oyeyemi, Olayinka 1 Lightstone, Felice C. 2 Balhorn, Rod 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p460; Subject Term: LIGAND binding (Biochemistry); Subject Term: PROTEOLYSIS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00129-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9712685&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobson, Patrick F.
AU  - Kneafsey, Timothy J.
AU  - Hulen, Jeffrey
AU  - Simmons, Ardyth
T1  - Porosity, permeability, and fluid flow in the Yellowstone geothermal system, Wyoming
JO  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
JF  - Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 123
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 03770273
AB  - Cores from two of 13 U.S. Geological Survey research holes at Yellowstone National Park (Y-5 and Y-8) were evaluated to characterize lithology, texture, alteration, and the degree and nature of fracturing and veining. Porosity and matrix permeability measurements and petrographic examination of the cores were used to evaluate the effects of lithology and hydrothermal alteration on porosity and permeability. The intervals studied in these two core holes span the conductive zone and the upper portion of the convective geothermal reservoir. Variations in porosity and matrix permeability observed in the Y-5 and Y-8 cores are primarily controlled by lithology. Y-8 intersects three distinct lithologies: volcaniclastic sandstone, perlitic rhyolitic lava, and non-welded pumiceous ash-flow tuff. The sandstone typically has high permeability and porosity, and the tuff has very high porosity and moderate permeability, while the perlitic lava has very low porosity and is essentially impermeable. Hydrothermal self-sealing appears to have generated localized permeability barriers within the reservoir. Changes in pressure and temperature in Y-8 correspond to a zone of silicification in the volcaniclastic sandstone just above the contact with the perlitic rhyolite; this silicification has significantly reduced porosity and permeability. In rocks with inherently low matrix permeability (such as densely welded ash-flow tuff), fluid flow is controlled by the fracture network. The Y-5 core hole penetrates a thick intracaldera section of the 0.6-Ma Lava Creek ash-flow tuff. In this core, the degree of welding appears to be responsible for most of the variations in porosity, matrix permeability, and the frequency of fractures and veins. Fractures are most abundant within the more densely welded sections of the tuff. However, the most prominent zones of fracturing and mineralization are associated with hydrothermal breccias within densely welded portions of the tuff. These breccia zones represent transient conduits of high fluid flow that formed by the explosive release of overpressure in the underlying geothermal reservoir and that were subsequently sealed by supersaturated geothermal fluids. In addition to this fracture sealing, hydrothermal alteration at Yellowstone appears generally to reduce matrix permeability and focus flow along fractures, where multiple pulses of fluid flow and self-sealing have occurred. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROTHERMAL alteration
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - hydrothermal alteration
KW  - permeability
KW  - porosity
KW  - self-sealing
KW  - Yellowstone
N1  - Accession Number: 9498059; Dobson, Patrick F. 1; Email Address: pfdobson@lbl.gov Kneafsey, Timothy J. 1 Hulen, Jeffrey 2 Simmons, Ardyth 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Energy and Geoscience Institute (EGI), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 123 Issue 3/4, p313; Subject Term: HYDROTHERMAL alteration; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrothermal alteration; Author-Supplied Keyword: permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: self-sealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yellowstone; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00039-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9498059&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Min Wu
AU  - Michaud, Edward J.
AU  - Johnson, Dabney K.
T1  - Cloning, functional study and comparative mapping of Luzp2 to mouse Chromosome 7 and human Chromosome 11p13–11p14.
JO  - Mammalian Genome
JF  - Mammalian Genome
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 334
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09388990
AB  - A novel leucine-zipper gene, leucine zipper protein 2 (Luzp2), has been cloned as part of an aberrant deletion-fusion transcript in the chromosomal interval between Gas2 and Herc2 on mouse Chromosome 7 (Chr 7). Luzp2 is normally expressed only in brain and spinal cord. The human homolog of Luzp2 maps to Chr 11p13–11p14 by radiation-hybrid mapping and is deleted in some patients with Wilms tumor–Aniridia–Genitourinary anomalies–mental Retardation (WAGR) syndrome. Disruption of Luzp2 by gene targeting in mice did not result in any obvious abnormal phenotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mammalian Genome is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLONING
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - GENE mapping
KW  - HUMAN body
KW  - LEUCINE
KW  - PHENOTYPE
N1  - Accession Number: 16984543; Min Wu 1,2,3 Michaud, Edward J. 1,2 Johnson, Dabney K. 1,2; Email Address: johnsondk@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8077, USA  2: The University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA  3: Whitehead Institute, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p323; Subject Term: CLONING; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: GENE mapping; Subject Term: HUMAN body; Subject Term: LEUCINE; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00335-002-2248-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rector, David M.
AU  - Ranken, Douglas M.
AU  - George, John S.
T1  - High-performance confocal system for microscopic or endoscopic applications
JO  - Methods
JF  - Methods
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
SN  - 10462023
AB  - We designed a high-performance confocal system that can be easily adapted to an existing light microscope or coupled with an endoscope for remote imaging. The system employs spatially and temporally patterned illumination produced by one of several mechanisms, including a micromirror array video projection device driven by a computer video source or a microlens array scanned by a piezo actuator in the microscope illumination path. A series of subsampled “component” video images are acquired from a solid-state video camera. Confocal images are digitally reconstructed using “virtual pinhole” synthetic aperture techniques applied to the collection of component images. Unlike conventional confocal techniques that raster scan a single detector and illumination point, our system samples multiple locations in parallel, with particular advantages for monitoring fast dynamic processes. We compared methods of patterned illumination and confocal image reconstruction by characterizing the point spread function, contrast, and intensity of imaged objects. Sample 3D reconstructions include a diatom and a Golgi-stained nerve cell collected in transmission. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Methods is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONFOCAL microscopy
KW  - ENDOSCOPY
KW  - Confocal microscope
KW  - Endoscope
KW  - High-speed camera
KW  - Microlens array
KW  - Micromirror device
KW  - Virtual pinhole
N1  - Accession Number: 9496346; Rector, David M. 1 Ranken, Douglas M. 1 George, John S.; Email Address: jsg@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Group, P-21, MS-D454, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p16; Subject Term: CONFOCAL microscopy; Subject Term: ENDOSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Confocal microscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Endoscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-speed camera; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microlens array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micromirror device; Author-Supplied Keyword: Virtual pinhole; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1046-2023(03)00004-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuske, C. R.
AU  - Ticknor, L. O.
AU  - Busch, J. D.
AU  - Gehring, C. A.
AU  - Whitham, T. G.
T1  - The Pinyon Rhizosphere, Plant Stress, and Herbivory Affect the Abundance of Microbial Decomposers in Soils.
JO  - Microbial Ecology
JF  - Microbial Ecology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
EP  - 352
SN  - 00953628
AB  - In terrestrial ecosystems, changes in environmental conditions that affect plant performance cause a cascade of effects through many trophic levels. In a 2-year field study, seasonal abundance measurements were conducted for fast-growing bacterial heterotrophs, humate-degrading actinomycetes, fungal heterotrophs, and fluorescent pseudomonads that represent the decomposers in soil. Links between plant health and soil microbiota abundance in pinyon rhizospheres were documented across two soil types: a dry, nutrient-poor volcanic cinder field and a sandy-loam soil. On the stressful cinder fields, we identified relationships between soil decomposer abundance, pinyon age, and stress due to insect herbivory. Across seasonal variation, consistent differences in microbial decomposer abundance were identified between the cinders and sandy-loam soil. Abundance of bacterial heterotrophs and humate-degrading actinomycetes was affected by both soil nutritional status and the pinyon rhizosphere. In contrast, abundance of the fungal heterotrophs and fluorescent pseudomonads was affected primarily by the pinyon rhizosphere. On the cinder field, the three bacterial groups were more abundant on 150-year-old trees than on 60-year-old trees, whereas fungal heterotrophs were unaffected by tree age. Fungal heterotrophs and actinomycetes were more abundant on insect-resistant trees than on susceptible trees, but the opposite was true for the fluorescent pseudomonads. Although all four groups were present in all the environments, the four microbial groups were affected differently by the pinyon rhizosphere, by tree age, and by tree stress caused by the cinder soil and insect herbivory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbial Ecology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHIZOSPHERE
KW  - SOILS
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - ACTINOMYCETALES
KW  - INSECTS
N1  - Accession Number: 16936480; Kuske, C. R. 1; Email Address: Kuske@lanl.gov Ticknor, L. O. 2 Busch, J. D. 3 Gehring, C. A. 3 Whitham, T. G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Decision Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Biology and Merriam Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p340; Subject Term: RHIZOSPHERE; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: ACTINOMYCETALES; Subject Term: INSECTS; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00248-002-1042-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Craig, Lisa
AU  - Taylor, Ronald K.
AU  - Pique, Michael E.
AU  - Adair, Brian D.
AU  - Arvai, Andrew S.
AU  - Singh, Mona
AU  - Lloyd, Sarah J.
AU  - Shin, David S.
AU  - Getzoff, Elizabeth D.
AU  - Yeager, Mark
AU  - Forest, Katrina T.
AU  - Tainer, John A.
T1  - Type IV Pilin Structure and Assembly: X-Ray and EM Analyses of Vibrio cholerae Toxin-Coregulated Pilus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAK Pilin
JO  - Molecular Cell
JF  - Molecular Cell
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1139
SN  - 10972765
AB  - Pilin assembly into type IV pili is required for virulence by bacterial pathogens that cause diseases such as cholera, pneumonia, gonorrhea, and meningitis. Crystal structures of soluble, N-terminally truncated pilin from Vibrio cholera toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP) and full-length PAK pilin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa reveal a novel TCP fold, yet a shared architecture for the type IV pilins. In each pilin subunit a conserved, extended, N-terminal α helix wrapped by β strands anchors the structurally variable globular head. Inside the assembled pilus, characterized by cryo-electron microscopy and crystallography, the extended hydrophobic α helices make multisubunit contacts to provide mechanical strength and flexibility. Outside, distinct interactions of adaptable heads contribute surface variation for specificity of pilus function in antigenicity, motility, adhesion, and colony formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PILI (Microbiology)
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
N1  - Accession Number: 9905722; Craig, Lisa 1 Taylor, Ronald K. 2 Pique, Michael E. 1 Adair, Brian D. 3 Arvai, Andrew S. 1 Singh, Mona 1 Lloyd, Sarah J. 1 Shin, David S. 1 Getzoff, Elizabeth D. 1 Yeager, Mark 3,4 Forest, Katrina T. 5 Tainer, John A. 1,6; Email Address: jat@scripps.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Biology and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA  2: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755 USA  3: Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA  4: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA  5: Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA  6: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1139; Subject Term: PILI (Microbiology); Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00170-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoelz, André
AU  - Nairn, Angus C.
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Crystal Structure of a Tetradecameric Assembly of the Association Domain of Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase II
JO  - Molecular Cell
JF  - Molecular Cell
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1241
SN  - 10972765
AB  - We report the crystal structure of the 143 residue association domain of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). The association domain forms a hub-like assembly, composed of two rings of seven protomers each, which are stacked head to head and held together by extensive interfaces. The tetradecameric organization of the assembly was confirmed by analytical ultracentrifugation and multiangle light scattering. Individual protomers form wedge-shaped structures from which N-terminal helical segments that connect to the kinase domain extend toward the equatorial plane of the assembly, consistent with the arrangement of the kinase domains in a second outer ring. A deep and highly conserved pocket present within the association domain may serve as a docking site for proteins that interact with CaMKII. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALMODULIN
KW  - ULTRACENTRIFUGATION
N1  - Accession Number: 9905730; Hoelz, André 1 Nairn, Angus C. 2 Kuriyan, John 3,4; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA  2: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 USA  3: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1241; Subject Term: CALMODULIN; Subject Term: ULTRACENTRIFUGATION; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00171-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang
AU  - H.-F.
AU  - Wang
AU  - C.-M.
AU  - Buck
AU  - E. C.
AU  - L.-S.
T1  - Synthesis, Characterization, and Manipulation of Helical SiO2 Nanosprings.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
EP  - 580
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Amorphous helical SiO2 nanosprings (80 to 140 nm in diameter and up to 8 microns long) were synthesized with a chemical vapor deposition technique, characterized and manipulated by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The helical nanosprings were observed in the middle of a straight nanowire and were formed by a perturbation during the growth of the straight nanowire. Contraction and expansion of the helical nanosprings were observed under in situ electron beam heating during TEM, as well as bending induced by an AFM tip, suggesting that the helical nanosprings are highly flexible and may have potential applications in nanomechanical, nanoelectronmagnetic devices, and composite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12047189; Zhang H.-F. 1 Wang C.-M. 1 Buck E. C. 1 L.-S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 3 Issue 5, p577; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mehta
AU  - A.
AU  - Kumar
AU  - P.
AU  - Dadmun
AU  - M. D.
AU  - Zheng
AU  - J.
AU  - Dickson
AU  - R. M.
AU  - Thundat
AU  - T.
AU  - Sumpter
AU  - B. G.
AU  - Barnes
T1  - Oriented Nanostructures from Single Molecules of a Semiconducting Polymer:  Polarization Evidence for Highly Aligned Intramolecular Geometries.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 603
EP  - 607
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We report the observation of uniformly oriented transition moments perpendicular to the support substrate in single molecules of a conjugated polymer (MEH-PPV) isolated by ink-jet printing techniques. Fluorescence imaging combined with atomic force microscopy and polarization modulation studies, supported by molecular mechanics simulation, provides compelling evidence of polymer nanoparticle (single-molecule) structures with an extraordinary degree of intramolecular order. This is a general technique for preparing oriented nanostructures from structurally similar polymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12047195; Mehta A. 1 Kumar P. 1 Dadmun M. D. 1 Zheng J. 1 Dickson R. M. 1 Thundat T. 1 Sumpter B. G. 1 Barnes; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences, Computer Sciences and Mathematics, and Chemical Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 3 Issue 5, p603; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han
AU  - W.-Q.
AU  - Zettl
AU  - A.
T1  - Coating Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Tin Oxide.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 683
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Single-walled carbon nanotubes coated with crystalline tin oxide by a simple chemical-solution route are reported. The room-temperature chemical treatment results in a nominally complete and uniform coating over the entire outer surface of singular nanotubes, nanotube bundles, and also fullerene-like nanoparticles. The samples have been characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction. The coating is composed of interconnected SnO2 nanoparticles of sizes between 1-6 nm. Typically, the coatings have a total thickness on the order of the constituent nanoparticle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TIN compounds
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12047211; Han W.-Q. 1 Zettl A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 3 Issue 5, p681; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TIN compounds; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hueckstaedt, R.M.
T1  - Nonlinear thin shell instabilities in molecular clouds
JO  - New Astronomy
JF  - New Astronomy
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 13841076
AB  - Observations of molecular clouds point to the existence of supersonic, turbulent flows. Therefore, any theory which attempts to describe molecular cloud evolution and star formation must include a consideration of the dynamics of colliding flows. Previous studies have considered the collision of supersonic streams or clouds. The resultant instabilities provide a mechanism which may give rise to observable cloud morphologies and enhance the star formation rate. One such instability is the nonlinear thin shell instability (NTSI) of a shock-bounded slab. This process is driven by ram pressure and efficient cooling. In this study, I use numerical simulations to examine the head-on collision of supersonic gas streams in a cold, molecular gas. A dense slab forms in the collision midplane and is prone to a number of instabilities, including the NTSI. The thermodynamic processes involved are found to have a controlling influence upon the instability and fragmentation of the slab. Although some minimal amount of cooling is needed to drive the instability, too rapid a cooling rate gives rise to smaller wavelength instabilities which wipe out the NTSI. The growth rate of the NTSI in a gas undergoing molecular cooling corresponds to a timescale of order 1012 s, in general agreement with the theoretical value for an isothermal gas. The NTSI may provide a viable mechanism for the instigation of rapid star formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MOLECULAR clouds
KW  - Hydrodynamics
KW  - Instabilities
KW  - ISM: structure
N1  - Accession Number: 9232869; Hueckstaedt, R.M. 1; Email Address: rmhx@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p295; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR clouds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISM: structure; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1384-1076(02)00222-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9232869&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BAGLIN, CORAL M.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 186
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 99
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Nuclear structure data pertaining to all nuclei with mass number A=186 have been evaluated, and incorporated into the ENSDF database. This evaluation for A=186 includes data available by 4 April 2003. It supersedes the previous publication (C. Baglin, Nuclear Data Sheets 82, 1 (1997) (literature cutoff date 31 August 1997)) and subsequent revisions of Hf and Ta (literature cutoff date 26 November 1998) and W (literature cutoff date 17 February 1999). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11519292; BAGLIN, CORAL M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 99 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 196p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/ndsh.2003.0007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - AKOVALI, Y. A.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 244
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 99
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Available information pertaining to the nuclear structure of all nuclei with mass numbers A=244 is presented. Various decay and reaction data are evaluated and compared. Adopted data, levels, spin, parity and configuration assignments are given. When there are insufficient data, expected values from systematics of nuclear properties or/and theoretical calculations are quoted. Unexpected or discrepant experimental results are also mentioned. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11519293; AKOVALI, Y. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6371, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 99 Issue 1, p197; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 77p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/ndsh.2003.0008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albright, Carl H.
T1  - GUT implications from neutrino mass
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An overview is given of the experimental neutrino mixing results and types of neutrino models proposed, with special attention to the general features of various GUT models involving intra-family symmetries and horizontal flavor symmetries. Many of the features are then illustrated by a specific SO(10) SUSY GUT model formulated by Barr and the author which can explain all four types of solar neutrino mixing solutions by various choices of the right-handed Majorana mass matrix. The quantitative nature of the model''s large mixing angle solution is used to compare the reaches of a neutrino super-beam and a neutrino factory for determining the small <f>Ue3</f> mixing matrix element. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO interactions
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - 12.60.Jv
KW  - 14.60.Pq
KW  - GUT models
KW  - Neutrino oscillations
N1  - Accession Number: 9792225; Albright, Carl H. 1; Email Address: albright@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p47; Subject Term: NEUTRINO interactions; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.60.Pq; Author-Supplied Keyword: GUT models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino oscillations; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00640-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792225&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geer, Steve
T1  - Muon cooling R&D
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 64
SN  - 01689002
AB  - International efforts are under way to design and test a muon ionization cooling channel. The present R&D program is described, and future plans outlined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - IONIZATION of gases
KW  - Ionization cooling
N1  - Accession Number: 9792228; Geer, Steve 1; Email Address: sgeer@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p64; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: IONIZATION of gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization cooling; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00643-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792228&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hassenein, A.
AU  - Bernadon, A.
AU  - Beshears, D.L.
AU  - Brown, K.A.
AU  - Cates, M.C.
AU  - Fabich, A.
AU  - Fernow, R.C.
AU  - Finfrock, C.C.
AU  - Fukui, Y.
AU  - Gabriel, T.A.
AU  - Gassner, D.M.
AU  - Green, M.A.
AU  - Greene, G.A.
AU  - Haines, J.R.
AU  - Johnson, C.D.
AU  - Kahn, S.A.
AU  - King, B.J.
AU  - Kirk, H.G.
AU  - Lettry, J.
AU  - Lu, C.
T1  - An R&D program for targetry and capture at a neutrino factory and muon collider source
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 70
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The need for intense muon beams for muon colliders and for neutrino factories based on muon storage rings leads to a concept of 1–4 MW proton beams incident on a moving target that is inside a 20-T solenoid magnet, with a mercury jet as a preferred example. Novel technical issues for such a system include disruption of the mercury jet by the proton beam and distortion of the jet on entering the solenoid, as well as more conventional issues of materials lifetime and handling of activated materials in an intense radiation environment. As part of the R&D program of the Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration, an R&D effort related to targetry is being performed within the context of experiment E951 at Brookhaven National Laboratory, first results of which are reported here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Muon collider
KW  - Neutrino factory
KW  - Target
N1  - Accession Number: 9792229; Hassenein, A. 1 Bernadon, A. 2 Beshears, D.L. 3 Brown, K.A. 4 Cates, M.C. 3 Fabich, A. 2 Fernow, R.C. 4 Finfrock, C.C. 4 Fukui, Y. 5 Gabriel, T.A. 3 Gassner, D.M. 4 Green, M.A. 6 Greene, G.A. 4 Haines, J.R. 3 Johnson, C.D. 2 Kahn, S.A. 4 King, B.J. 4 Kirk, H.G. 4 Lettry, J. 2 Lu, C. 7; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  7: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p70; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Target; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00644-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth
T1  - Status of the MINOS experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report on the status of the MINOS long baseline neutrino experiment presently under construction at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the Soudan mine. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - 14.60.Pq
KW  - Neutrino oscillations
N1  - Accession Number: 9792237; Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth 1; Email Address: buckley@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p122; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.60.Pq; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino oscillations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00652-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792237&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morfín, Jorge G.
T1  - Summary WG2 Part 1a: using neutrinos to study partons in the nucleon and the nucleus at the neutrino factory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 234
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A neutrino deep-inelastic scattering experiment at a neutrino factory is described. The improvements possible in extracting parton distribution functions both within the nucleon and the nuclear environment are shown. The intriguing possibility of using (anti)neutrino scattering off a polarized target to determine the individual partonic spin contributions to the nucleon is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9792268; Morfín, Jorge G. 1; Email Address: jorge@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: FERMILAB, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p234; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00683-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnstone, C.
T1  - Recent studies of FFAGs in the USA
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Muon acceleration is one of the most difficult stages to develop for a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider. The large transverse and longitudinal admittances which must be designed into the system and the rapidity with which acceleration must take place because of muon decay preclude the use of conventional synchrotron design. The current baseline is a recirculating linac (RLA) in the shape of a racetrack with separate fixed-field arcs for each acceleration turn. However, RLAs have proved costly and are a potential bottleneck, at least with respect to the storage ring. Therefore, another approach, the fixed-field alternating gradient (FFAG) accelerator, is being actively pursued. This paper discusses the FFAG option and progress. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Muon acceleration
KW  - Neutrino factory
KW  - Nonscaling FFAG
N1  - Accession Number: 9792287; Johnstone, C. 1; Email Address: cjj@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, FNAL, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p301; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon acceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonscaling FFAG; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00702-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogacz, S.A.
AU  - Lebedev, V.A.
T1  - Recirculating linac muon accelerator for neutrino factory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A conceptual design of a muon acceleration scheme based on recirculating superconducting linacs is proposed. In the presented scenario, acceleration starts after ionization cooling at 210 MeV/c and proceeds to 20 GeV, where the beam is injected into a neutrino factory storage ring. The key technical issues are addressed, such as the choice of acceleration technology (superconducting versus normal conducting) and the choice of RF frequency, and finally, implementation of the overall acceleration scheme: capture, acceleration, transport and preservation of large phase space of fast decaying species. Beam transport issues for large-momentum-spread beams are accommodated by appropriate lattice design choices. The proposed arc optics is further optimized with a sextupole correction to suppress chromatic effects contributing to emittance dilution. The presented proof-of-principle design of the arc optics with horizontal separation of multipass beams is extended for all passes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - Beam dynamics
KW  - Muon acceleration
N1  - Accession Number: 9792288; Bogacz, S.A. 1; Email Address: bogacz@jlab.org Lebedev, V.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Jefferson Lab, Beam Physics Department, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p306; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon acceleration; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00703-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neuffer, David
T1  - Injection and/or Extraction and a Ring Cooler
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Injection and extraction for a “ring cooler” or similar structure is discussed. A pulsed-magnet fast kicker could be used; however, the fast kicker would require a fast rise time and large apertures and the resulting parameter are very challenging. An alternative “energy-shift” injection scheme is proposed, in which the beam is injected off-energy and decelerated into a circulating orbit over a “half-turn” (with RF rephasing). The same method can also be used for extraction [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9792303; Neuffer, David 1; Email Address: neuffer@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Accelerator Division, MS 220, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p374; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00718-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792303&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zisman, M.S.
T1  - Technical design aspects of Feasibility Study-II
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 384
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Feasibility Study-II examined a high-performance Neutrino Factory providing <f>1×1020</f> neutrinos per year aimed at a long-baseline detector. The Study was sponsored jointly by BNL and the Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration and is based on a <f>1 MW</f> proton driver operating at <f>24 GeV</f>, i.e., an upgraded version of the AGS accelerator. Compared with the earlier FNAL-sponsored study (Feasibility Study-I), there is a sixfold improvement in performance. Here we describe details of the implementation of Study-II concepts and discuss their efficacy. Alternative approaches that will be pursued in follow-on R&D activities are also described briefly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Factory
KW  - Muon
KW  - Neutrino
KW  - Storage ring
N1  - Accession Number: 9792306; Zisman, M.S. 1; Email Address: mszisman@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator and Fusion Research Division, Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p384; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Factory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage ring; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00721-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaplan, D.M.
AU  - Black, E.L.
AU  - Boghosian, M.
AU  - Cassel, K.W.
AU  - Johnson, R.P.
AU  - Geer, S.
AU  - Johnstone, C.J.
AU  - Popovic, M.
AU  - Ishimoto, S.
AU  - Yoshimura, K.
AU  - Bandura, L.
AU  - Cummings, M.A.
AU  - Dyshkant, A.
AU  - Hedin, D.
AU  - Kubik, D.
AU  - Darve, C.
AU  - Kuno, Y.
AU  - Errede, D.
AU  - Haney, M.
AU  - Majewski, S.
T1  - Progress in absorber R&D for muon cooling
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A stored-muon-beam neutrino factory may require transverse ionization cooling of the muon beam. We describe recent progress in research and development on energy absorbers for muon-beam cooling carried out by a collaboration of university and laboratory groups. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LIQUID hydrogen
KW  - Liquid hydrogen
KW  - Muon cooling
KW  - Neutrino factory
N1  - Accession Number: 9792308; Kaplan, D.M. 1; Email Address: kaplan@fnal.gov Black, E.L. 1 Boghosian, M. 1 Cassel, K.W. 1 Johnson, R.P. 1 Geer, S. 2 Johnstone, C.J. 2 Popovic, M. 2 Ishimoto, S. 3 Yoshimura, K. 3 Bandura, L. 4 Cummings, M.A. 4 Dyshkant, A. 4 Hedin, D. 4 Kubik, D. 4 Darve, C. 5 Kuno, Y. 6 Errede, D. 7 Haney, M. 7 Majewski, S. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3301 S. Dearborn, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: KEK, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, Japan  4: Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  5: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA  6: Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan  7: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p392; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LIQUID hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00723-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792308&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ishimoto, S.
AU  - Bandura, L.
AU  - Black, E.L.
AU  - Boghosian, M.
AU  - Cassel, K.W.
AU  - Cummings, M.A.
AU  - Darve, C.
AU  - Dyshkant, A.
AU  - Errede, D.
AU  - Geer, S.
AU  - Haney, M.
AU  - Hedin, D.
AU  - Johnson, R.
AU  - Johnstone, C.J.
AU  - Kaplan, D.M.
AU  - Kubik, D.
AU  - Kuno, Y.
AU  - Majewski, S.
AU  - Popovic, M.
AU  - Reep, M.
T1  - Convection-type <f>LH2</f> absorber R&D for muon ionization cooling
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A feasibility study on liquid hydrogen <f>(LH2)</f> absorbers for muon ionization cooling is reported. In muon ionization cooling, an <f>LH2</f> absorber is required to have a high cooling power greater than <f>100 W</f> to cool heat deposited by muons passing through. That heat in <f>LH2</f> can be removed at either external or internal heat exchangers, which are cooled by cold helium gas. As one of the internal heat exchanger types, a convection-type absorber is proposed. In the convection-type absorber, heat is taken away by the convection of <f>LH2</f> in the absorber. The heat exchanger efficiency for the convection-type absorber is calculated. A possible design is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LIQUID hydrogen
KW  - Convection
KW  - Energy absorber
KW  - Ionization loss
KW  - Liquid hydrogen
KW  - Muon cooling
N1  - Accession Number: 9792309; Ishimoto, S. 1; Email Address: shigeru.ishimoto@kek.jp Bandura, L. 2 Black, E.L. 3 Boghosian, M. 3 Cassel, K.W. 3 Cummings, M.A. 2 Darve, C. 4 Dyshkant, A. 2 Errede, D. 5 Geer, S. 6 Haney, M. 5 Hedin, D. 2 Johnson, R. 3 Johnstone, C.J. 6 Kaplan, D.M. 3 Kubik, D. 2 Kuno, Y. 7 Majewski, S. 5 Popovic, M. 6 Reep, M. 8; Affiliation:  1: KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-Ken 305-0801, Japan  2: Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  3: Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  4: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  5: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  6: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  7: Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan  8: University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p396; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LIQUID hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy absorber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon cooling; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00724-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792309&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Chun-xi
AU  - Kim, Kwang-Je
T1  - Linear theory of transverse and longitudinal ionization cooling in a quadrupole channel
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Ionization cooling is the best-known cooling mechanism for the envisioned muon colliders and neutrino factories. In this paper, using the moment-equation approach, we present a linear theory of ionization cooling dynamics in 6D phase space in a quadrupole focusing channel. A simple set of differential equations that governs the evolution of both the transverse and longitudinal emittances is derived, and closed-form solutions are given. Two new significant heating processes have been identified. This theory is analogous to the standard linear theory in electron storage rings. Multiple scattering integrals and energy straggling integrals, quantities like the synchrotron radiation integrals, are introduced to specify the cooling process and the equilibrium emittances in a periodic cooling channel. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Emittance exchange
KW  - Energy straggling integrals
KW  - Ionization cooling
KW  - Multiple scattering integrals
KW  - Muon collider
KW  - Neutrino factory
N1  - Accession Number: 9792310; Wang, Chun-xi 1; Email Address: wangcx@aps.anl.gov Kim, Kwang-Je 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: University of Chicago, 5270 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p401; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emittance exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy straggling integrals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple scattering integrals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00725-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792310&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Chun-xi
T1  - Dispersion in a bent-solenoid channel
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Longitudinal ionization cooling of a muon beam is essential for muon colliders and will be useful for neutrino factories. Bent-solenoid channels with symmetric focusing has been considered for beam focusing and for generating the required dispersion in the “emittance exchange” scheme of longitudinal cooling. In this paper, we derive the Hamiltonian that governs the linear beam dynamics of a bent-solenoid channel, solve the single-particle dynamics, and give equations for determining the lattice functions, in particular, the dispersion functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Bent-solenoid
KW  - Dispersion
KW  - Emittance exchange
KW  - Ionization cooling
KW  - Muon collider
N1  - Accession Number: 9792311; Wang, Chun-xi 1; Email Address: wangcx@aps.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p409; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bent-solenoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emittance exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon collider; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00726-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792311&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnstone, C.
AU  - Garren, A.
T1  - Conventional 20-GeV muon storage rings for a neutrino factory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 503
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
SN  - 01689002
AB  - 20 and 50-GeV lattices have been designed for muon storage rings at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), respectively. Only recent work on the 20-GeV ring will be discussed in detail here as the 50-GeV ring has been well documented (Fermilab-Pbu-00/108-E, 2000). The 20-GeV designs presented in this paper supplement the lattice developed at BNL for the Feasibility II Study of a Neutrino Factory (BNL-52623, June 2001). The principal difference between these designs is the use of an unconventional type of magnet in the Feasibility II Study design and of conventional magnets in the ones presented here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Muon storage ring
KW  - Neutrino factory
N1  - Accession Number: 9792314; Johnstone, C. 1; Email Address: cjj@fnal.gov Garren, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: FNAL, Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: UCLA, Los Angeles, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 1/2, p421; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon storage ring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00729-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792314&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nazarewicz, Witold
AU  - Dobaczewski, Jacek
AU  - Michel, Nicolas
AU  - Ploszajczak, Marek
AU  - Stoitsov, Mario V.
AU  - Terasaki, Jun
T1  - Prospects for new science with EM devices
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Nuclear life in neutron-rich and proton-rich Terra Incognita is different from that around the stability line; the promised access to completely new combinations of proton and neutron numbers offers prospects for new structural phenomena. The main objective of this talk is to discuss some of the theoretical challenges and opportunities for nuclear structure research with new electro-magnetic isotope separators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 11852161; Nazarewicz, Witold 1,2,3; Email Address: witek@utk.edu Dobaczewski, Jacek 3 Michel, Nicolas 4 Ploszajczak, Marek 4 Stoitsov, Mario V. 1,2,5,6 Terasaki, Jun 1,2,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 6003 MS 6373, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoża 69, PL-00681, Warsaw, Poland  4: GANIL, CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, BP 5027, F-14076 Caen Cedex 05, France  5: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  6: Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1784, Bulgaria; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01883-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852161&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stracener, D.W.
T1  - Status of radioactive ion beams at the HRIBF
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs) at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) are produced using the isotope separation on-line technique and are subsequently accelerated up to a few MeV per nucleon for use in nuclear physics experiments. The first RIB experiments at the HRIBF were completed at the end of 1998 using 17F beams. Since then other proton-rich ion beams have been developed and a large number of neutron-rich ion beams are now available. The neutron-rich radioactive nuclei are produced via proton-induced fission of uranium in a low-density matrix of uranium carbide. Recently developed RIBs include 25Al from a silicon carbide target and isobarically pure beams of neutron-rich Ge, Sn, Br and I isotopes from a uranium carbide target. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Accelerated radioactive beams
KW  - ISOL production target
KW  - Negative ion source
KW  - RIB facility
N1  - Accession Number: 11852166; Stracener, D.W. 1; Email Address: stracener@mail.phy.ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 6000, M/S 6368, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p42; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerated radioactive beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISOL production target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative ion source; Author-Supplied Keyword: RIB facility; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01888-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852166&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheidenberger, C.
AU  - Geissel, H.
AU  - Maier, M.
AU  - Münzenberg, G.
AU  - Portillo, M.
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Van Duppen, P.
AU  - Weick, H.
AU  - Winkler, M.
AU  - Yavor, M.
AU  - Attallah, F.
AU  - Behr, K.-H.
AU  - Chichkine, V.
AU  - Eliseev, S.
AU  - Hausmann, M.
AU  - Hellström, M.
AU  - Kaza, E.
AU  - Kindler, B.
AU  - Litvinov, Y.
AU  - Lommel, B.
T1  - Energy and range focusing of in-flight separated exotic nuclei – A study for the energy-buncher stage of the low-energy branch of the Super-FRS
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The relative momentum spread of in-flight separated exotic nuclear beams produced in fragmentation and/or fission reactions is of the order of a few percent. A new technique is presented, which reduces the momentum spread significantly, and first experimental results obtained with relativistic projectile fragments are shown. This technique is the key to experiments with slowed-down and stopped beams, in particular for the efficient stopping of relativistic exotic nuclei in gas-filled stopping cells. It will be employed at the energy-buncher stage of the low-energy branch of the Super-FRS facility. The ion-optical design of the energy buncher is presented and a brief outlook to the experimental program is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Ion catcher
KW  - Isotope separation in flight
KW  - Range focusing
KW  - Super-FRS
N1  - Accession Number: 11852179; Scheidenberger, C. 1; Email Address: c.scheidenberger@gsi.de Geissel, H. 1,2 Maier, M. 1 Münzenberg, G. 1,3 Portillo, M. 1 Savard, G. 4 Van Duppen, P. 5 Weick, H. 1 Winkler, M. 2 Yavor, M. 6 Attallah, F. 1 Behr, K.-H. 1 Chichkine, V. 1 Eliseev, S. 2 Hausmann, M. 1 Hellström, M. 1 Kaza, E. 1 Kindler, B. 1 Litvinov, Y. 1 Lommel, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany  2: II.Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig Universität, D-35392 Gießen, Germany  3: Institut für Physik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität, D-55099 Mainz, Germany  4: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium  6: Institute of Analytic Instrumentation, RAS, 198103 St.Petersburg,Russia; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p119; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion catcher; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope separation in flight; Author-Supplied Keyword: Range focusing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Super-FRS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01898-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852179&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davids, Cary N.
T1  - Recoil separators
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Recoil separators operating in the vacuum mode play a key role in a number of current research areas, including searches for superheavy elements, the study of nuclei far from stability and nuclear astrophysics. I will review some of these facilities, and will discuss ideas for improving the selectivity and efficiency of these devices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEPARATORS (Machines)
KW  - SUPERHEAVY elements
KW  - NUCLEAR astrophysics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11852180; Davids, Cary N. 1; Email Address: davids@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p124; Subject Term: SEPARATORS (Machines); Subject Term: SUPERHEAVY elements; Subject Term: NUCLEAR astrophysics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01899-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852180&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mustapha, B.
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
T1  - Optimization of ISOL targets based on Monte-Carlo simulations of ion release curves
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 286
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A detailed model for simulating release curves from ISOL targets has been developed. The full 3D geometry is implemented using Geant-4. Produced particles are followed individually from production to release. The delay time is computed event by event. All processes involved: diffusion, effusion and decay are included to obtain the overall release curve. By fitting to the experimental data, important parameters of the release process (diffusion coefficient, sticking time, …) are extracted. They can be used to improve the efficiency of existing targets and design new ones more suitable to produce beams of rare isotopes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Effusion
KW  - Geant-4
KW  - ISOL targets
KW  - Monte-Carlo simulation
KW  - Release curve
N1  - Accession Number: 11852210; Mustapha, B.; Email Address: mustapha@phy.anl.gov Nolen, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne IL, 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p286; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geant-4; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISOL targets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte-Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Release curve; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01926-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852210&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
AU  - Reed, C.B.
AU  - Hassanein, A.
AU  - Novick, V.J.
AU  - Plotkin, P.
AU  - Specht, J.R.
T1  - Development of windowless liquid lithium targets for fragmentation and fission of 400-kW uranium beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The driver linac of the proposed rare isotope accelerator facility is designed to deliver <f>2×1013</f> uranium ions per second at 400 MeV/u on target for radionuclide production via the fission and fragmentation mechanisms. The ion optics of the large acceptance, high-resolution fragment separators that follow the production target require primary beam spot widths of 1 mm. To cope with the resulting high power densities, windowless liquid lithium targets are being developed. The present designs build on existing experience with liquid lithium and liquid sodium systems that have been used for fusion and fission applications. However, no completely windowless systems have been developed or tested to date. For the beam power indicated above (400 kW), the flow requirements are up to about 20 m/s and 10 l/s linear and volume flow rates, respectively. The required target thickness is 1–1.5 g/cm2 (2–3 cm lithium thickness). At this time a prototype windowless system with a lithium thickness of 1–2 cm is under construction. The prototype will be operated initially without beam in the Argonne liquid lithium test facility. The details of the design of the prototype and a progress report on its construction and testing will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion accelerators
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - Heavy-ion fragmentation
KW  - High power target
KW  - Liquid lithium
KW  - Radioactive beam
N1  - Accession Number: 11852211; Nolen, J.A. 1; Email Address: nolen@anl.gov Reed, C.B. 2 Hassanein, A. 3 Novick, V.J. 2 Plotkin, P. 2 Specht, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA  2: Technology Development Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p293; Subject Term: HEAVY ion accelerators; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-ion fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: High power target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beam; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00506-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852211&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
AU  - Reed, C.B.
AU  - Hassanein, A.
AU  - Novick, V.J.
AU  - Plotkin, P.
AU  - Specht, J.R.
AU  - Morrissey, D.J.
AU  - Ottarson, J.H.
AU  - Sherrill, B.M.
T1  - An adjustable thickness Li/Be target for fragmentation of 4-kW heavy ion beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 298
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - As a first step towards developing liquid lithium target technology for a future high-power nuclear physics fragmentation facility, an adjustable thickness Li/Be hybrid target is being constructed for use at the NSCL. This target will use beryllium windows with flowing lithium. The lithium serves as a part of the target as well as the coolant. Up to 1 kW of beam power is dissipated in the target and is carried away by the recirculating liquid lithium loop. It is designed for high power beams in the mass range from oxygen to calcium. Tapered beryllium windows combined with a uniform thickness lithium channel gives an overall target thickness ranging from 0.7 to 3 g/cm2, which is adjusted by moving the target vertically. The target system design is complete and is described in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR fragmentation
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Heavy ion fragmentation
KW  - High power target
KW  - Liquid lithium
KW  - Radioactive beam
N1  - Accession Number: 11852213; Nolen, J.A. 1; Email Address: nolen@anl.gov Reed, C.B. 2 Hassanein, A. 3 Novick, V.J. 2 Plotkin, P. 2 Specht, J.R. 1 Morrissey, D.J. 4 Ottarson, J.H. 4 Sherrill, B.M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700, South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Technology Development Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p298; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fragmentation; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: High power target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beam; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00507-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852213&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ostroumov, P.N.
AU  - Kelly, M.P.
AU  - Kolomiets, A.A.
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
AU  - Portillo, M.
AU  - Shepard, K.W.
AU  - Vinogradov, N.E.
T1  - A post-accelerator for the US rare isotope accelerator facility
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The proposed rare isotope accelerator (RIA) facility includes a post-accelerator for rare isotopes (RIB linac) which must produce high-quality beams of radioactive ions over the full mass range, including uranium, at energies above the Coulomb barrier, and have high transmission and efficiency. The latter requires the RIB linac to accept at injection ions in the 1<f>+</f> charge state. A concept for such a post accelerator suitable for ions up to mass 132 has been previously described . This paper presents a modified concept which extends the mass range to uranium. A high resolution separator for purifying beams at the isobaric level precedes the RIB linac. The mass filtering process will provide high purity beams while preserving transmission. For most cases a resolution of about <f>m/Δm=20 000</f> is adequate at mass <f>A=100</f> to obtain a separation between isobars of mass excess difference of 5 MeV. The design for a device capable of purifying beams at the isobaric level includes calculations up to fifth order.The RIB linac will utilize existing superconducting heavy-ion linac technology for all but a small portion of the accelerator system. The exceptional piece, a very-low-charge-state injector section needed for just the first few MV of the RIB accelerator, consists of a pre-buncher followed by several sections of cw, normally-conducting RFQ. Two stages of charge stripping are provided: helium gas stripping at energies of a few keV/u, and additional foil stripping at ∼680 keV/u for the heavier ions. In extending the mass range to uranium, however, for best efficiency the helium gas stripping must be performed at different energies for different mass ions. We present numerical simulations of the beam dynamics of a design for the complete RIB linac which provides for several stripping options and uses cost-effective solenoid focusing elements in the drift-tube linac. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - ION accelerators
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - COULOMB potential
KW  - Charge stripper
KW  - Isobar separator
KW  - Radio frequency quadrupole
KW  - Superconducting linac
N1  - Accession Number: 11852239; Ostroumov, P.N.; Email Address: ostroumov@phy.anl.gov Kelly, M.P. 1 Kolomiets, A.A. 1 Nolen, J.A. 1 Portillo, M. 1 Shepard, K.W. 1 Vinogradov, N.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p433; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: ION accelerators; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: COULOMB potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge stripper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isobar separator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radio frequency quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting linac; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02109-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852239&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Powell, J.
AU  - O’Neil, J.P.
AU  - Cerny, Joseph
T1  - Production of an accelerated oxygen-14 beam
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - BEARS is an ongoing project to provide a light-ion radioactive-beam capability at the 88-Inch Cyclotron at LBNL. Light radioactive isotopes are produced at a 10 MeV proton medical cyclotron, transported 350 m via a high-speed gas transport capillary, cryogenically separated, and injected into the 88-Inch Cyclotron’s ion source. The first radioactive beam successfully accelerated was carbon-11 and beams of intensity more than 108 ions/s have been utilized for experiments.Development of oxygen-14 as the second BEARS beam presented considerable technical challenges, both due to its short half-life of 71 s and the radiation chemistry of oxygen in the target. The usual techniques developed for medical uses of oxygen-15 involve the addition of significant amounts of carrier oxygen, something that would overload the ion source.As a solution, oxygen-14 is produced as water in a carrier-free form, and is chemically converted in two steps to carbon dioxide, a form readily usable by the BEARS. This system has been built and is operational, and initial tests of accelerating an oxygen-14 beam have been performed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - BEARS
KW  - Oxygen-14 beam
KW  - Radioactive beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11852241; Powell, J.; Email Address: jdpowell@lbl.gov O’Neil, J.P. 1 Cerny, Joseph 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p440; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: BEARS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen-14 beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02110-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852241&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, J.
AU  - Barber, R.C.
AU  - Boudreau, C.
AU  - Buchinger, F.
AU  - Crawford, J.E.
AU  - Gulick, S.
AU  - Hardy, J.C.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Lee, J.K.P.
AU  - Moore, R.B.
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Sharma, K.S.
AU  - Sprouse, G.
AU  - Vaz, J.
AU  - Wang, J.C.
AU  - Zhou, Z.
T1  - Improvements in the injection system of the Canadian Penning trap mass spectrometer
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The Canadian Penning Trap (CPT) mass spectrometer is designed to make precise mass measurements on a variety of stable and short-lived isotopes. Modifications to the injection system of the CPT have been implemented in recent months, the purpose being to more efficiently collect and transfer weakly-produced reaction products from the target to the Penning trap. These include a magnetic triplet situated after the target chamber to increase the acceptance of the Enge spectrograph, a velocity filter to more effectively separate the beam from the reaction products and the replacement of the Paul trap with a linear trap resulting in more efficient capture and accumulation of ions from the ion cooler. This paper will discuss these recent modifications and how they have increased our ability in making mass measurements on isotopes of low abundance, including those from a 252Cf fission source. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION pumps
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Mass spectrometers
N1  - Accession Number: 11852252; Clark, J. 1; Email Address: jclark@physics.umanitoba.ca Barber, R.C. 1 Boudreau, C. 2 Buchinger, F. 2 Crawford, J.E. 2 Gulick, S. 2 Hardy, J.C. 3 Heinz, A. 4 Lee, J.K.P. 2 Moore, R.B. 2 Savard, G. 4 Seweryniak, D. 4 Sharma, K.S. 1 Sprouse, G. 5 Vaz, J. 1 Wang, J.C. 1 Zhou, Z. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada MB R3T 2N2  2: Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada PQ H3A 2T8  3: Cyclotron Institute, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843-3366, USA  4: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: Physics Department, SUNY, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p487; Subject Term: ION pumps; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02117-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852252&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapira, D.
T1  - Low current diagnostic devices for radioactive beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 544
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - This contribution reviews detectors used for low-intensity radioactive-beam (RB) diagnostics. Emphasis is on diagnostic devices that are based on the detection of secondary products (ions, electrons) resulting from the interaction of the ion beam with a thin detection medium. Devices based on this principle can be tailored to work with low-energy (<10 MeV/A) ion beams available at current and planned ISOL type RB facilities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - X-rays
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 29.30.Ep
KW  - 29.90.+r
KW  - Electronic phosphor
KW  - Isobar tagging
KW  - Radioactive ion beams
KW  - Time-of-flight
N1  - Accession Number: 11852266; Shapira, D. 1; Email Address: shapirad@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Physics Division Building 6000, MS-6368, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN 37831-6368, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p544; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.30.Ep; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.90.+r; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic phosphor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isobar tagging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive ion beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02130-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852266&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Clark, J.
AU  - Boudreau, C.
AU  - Buchinger, F.
AU  - Crawford, J.E.
AU  - Geissel, H.
AU  - Greene, J.P.
AU  - Gulick, S.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Lee, J.K.P.
AU  - Levand, A.
AU  - Maier, M.
AU  - Münzenberg, G.
AU  - Scheidenberger, C.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Sharma, K.S.
AU  - Sprouse, G.
AU  - Vaz, J.
AU  - Wang, J.C.
AU  - Zabransky, B.J.
T1  - Development and operation of gas catchers to thermalize fusion–evaporation and fragmentation products
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 582
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A new approach to the production of low energy radioactive beams involves the stopping of fast beams produced by fragmentation, in-flight fission or fusion–evaporation reaction into a large gas catcher where the reaction products are thermalized in high-purity helium and extracted as singly charged ions for post-acceleration. This removes the limitation present in standard ISOL technique for species that are difficult to extract from the target/ion source assembly. This approach has been implemented at Argonne since 1998 to inject fusion–evaporation products in an ion trap system. Via a series of improvements since then, we now reach efficiencies for these devices of close to 50% with delay times below 10 ms. In preparation for the RIA project, a larger device for stopping fragmentation products is in preparation. The basic principles behind these devices together with results obtained and experience gained operating these devices will be presented. Preparation for a test of the large gas cell at the full RIA energy at GSI will also be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - NUCLEAR fragmentation
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - HELIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 11852273; Savard, G. 1; Email Address: savard@phy.anl.gov Clark, J. 2 Boudreau, C. 3 Buchinger, F. 3 Crawford, J.E. 3 Geissel, H. 4 Greene, J.P. 1 Gulick, S. 3 Heinz, A. 1 Lee, J.K.P. 2 Levand, A. 1 Maier, M. 4 Münzenberg, G. 4 Scheidenberger, C. 4 Seweryniak, D. 1 Sharma, K.S. 2 Sprouse, G. 5 Vaz, J. 2 Wang, J.C. 2 Zabransky, B.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, USA  3: Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, USA  4: GSI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany  5: Department of Physics, SUNY, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p582; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fragmentation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: HELIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02134-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11852273&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batchelder, J.C.
AU  - Bilheux, J.-C.
AU  - Bingham, C.R.
AU  - Carter, H.K.
AU  - Cole, J.D.
AU  - Fong, D.
AU  - Garrett, P.E.
AU  - Grzywacz, R.
AU  - Hamilton, J.H.
AU  - Hartley, D.J.
AU  - Hwang, J.K.
AU  - Krolas, W.
AU  - Kulp, D.
AU  - Larochelle, Y.
AU  - Piechaczek, A.
AU  - Ramayya, A.V.
AU  - Rykaczewski, K.P.
AU  - Spejewski, E.H.
AU  - Stracener, D.W.
AU  - Tantawy, M.N.
T1  - The CARDS array for neutron-rich decay spectroscopy at HRIBF
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - An array for decay studies of neutron-rich nuclei has been commissioned for use at the UNISOR separator at Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility. This array consists of three segmented clover Ge detectors, plastic scintillators, and a high-resolution (∼1 keV) Si conversion electron spectrometer. These detectors are mounted on a support that surrounds a moving tape collector. This system has been named clover array for radioactive decay studies. The detectors have been outfitted with digital flash ADCs (XIA DGFs) that fit the preamp signals, with built-in pileup rejection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - SEPARATORS (Machines)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11852280; Batchelder, J.C. 1; Email Address: batchelder@mail.phy.ornl.gov Bilheux, J.-C. 2 Bingham, C.R. 2,3 Carter, H.K. 1 Cole, J.D. 4 Fong, D. 5 Garrett, P.E. 6 Grzywacz, R. 2 Hamilton, J.H. 5 Hartley, D.J. 3 Hwang, J.K. 5 Krolas, W. 3,5 Kulp, D. 7 Larochelle, Y. 3 Piechaczek, A. 8 Ramayya, A.V. 5 Rykaczewski, K.P. 2 Spejewski, E.H. 1 Stracener, D.W. 2 Tantawy, M.N. 3; Affiliation:  1: UNIRIB/Oak Ridge Associated Universities, ORNL/JIHIR, P.O. Box 2008, Building 6008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6374, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  4: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2114, USA  5: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  6: Lawrence Livermoore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  7: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  8: Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p625; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: SEPARATORS (Machines); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02141-9
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Svensson, C.E.
AU  - Austin, R.A.E.
AU  - Ball, G.C.
AU  - Finlay, P.
AU  - Garrett, P.E.
AU  - Grinyer, G.F.
AU  - Hackman, G.S.
AU  - Osborne, C.J.
AU  - Sarazin, F.
AU  - Scraggs, H.C.
AU  - Smith, M.B.
AU  - Waddington, J.C.
T1  - Radioactive beam experiments with large gamma-ray detector arrays
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 660
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - High-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy is one of the most powerful and versatile experimental techniques in low-energy nuclear physics research. With the continuing development of hyper-pure germanium (HPGe) detector technology, including multi-crystal detectors, contact segmentation, and digital signal processing techniques, large γ-ray detector arrays will continue to play a major role in the experimental programs at existing and future radioactive ion beam facilities. This paper provides an overview of recent progress in, and future plans for, the development of large γ-ray spectrometers at such facilities, including the recent commissioning of the <f>8π</f> spectrometer at ISAC-I and the proposed TRIUMF-ISAC gamma-ray escape suppressed spectrometer array for the ISAC-II facility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - Gamma-ray spectrometers
KW  - Radioactive ion beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11852287; Svensson, C.E. 1; Email Address: sven@physics.uoguelph.ca Austin, R.A.E. 2 Ball, G.C. 3 Finlay, P. 1 Garrett, P.E. 4 Grinyer, G.F. 1 Hackman, G.S. 3 Osborne, C.J. 3 Sarazin, F. 3 Scraggs, H.C. 3 Smith, M.B. 3 Waddington, J.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada L8S M41  3: TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada V6T 2A3  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore 94551, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p660; Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray spectrometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive ion beams; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02147-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levy, C.D.P.
AU  - Hatakeyama, A.
AU  - Hirayama, Y.
AU  - Kiefl, R.F.
AU  - Baartman, R.
AU  - Behr, J.A.
AU  - Izumi, H.
AU  - Melconian, D.
AU  - Morris, G.D.
AU  - Nussbaumer, R.
AU  - Olivo, M.
AU  - Pearson, M.
AU  - Poutissou, R.
AU  - Wight, G.W.
T1  - Polarized radioactive beam at ISAC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 689
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The polarized beam line at ISAC relies on the well known technique of collinear optical pumping to polarize the nuclear spins of a low energy (10–60 keV) radioactive beam. Alkali-metal beams are longitudinally polarized by optical pumping of a fast atomic beam, which is created by charge exchange of the incident ion beam in a Na vapour cell. At ISAC, the beam is then reionized in a He gas target and directed to the experiments. To date, 30 keV beams of 8Li and 9Li have been polarized, and 11Li and 20Na beams are scheduled immediately following this conference. The polarization of the 8Li beam, using a dual frequency, standing wave Ti:sapphire laser, is up to ∼80%. High polarization is achieved by matching the laser bandwidth to the energy spread in the beam. The status of the facility is reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - OPTICAL pumping
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Collinear optical pumping
KW  - Nuclear spin polarization
KW  - Radioactive beam
KW  - Ti:sapphire laser
N1  - Accession Number: 11852293; Levy, C.D.P. 1; Email Address: levy@triumf.ca Hatakeyama, A. 1 Hirayama, Y. 2 Kiefl, R.F. 1 Baartman, R. 1 Behr, J.A. 1 Izumi, H. 2 Melconian, D. 1 Morris, G.D. 3 Nussbaumer, R. 1 Olivo, M. 1 Pearson, M. 1 Poutissou, R. 1 Wight, G.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3  2: Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p689; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: OPTICAL pumping; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collinear optical pumping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear spin polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti:sapphire laser; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00485-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savard, G.
T1  - Status of the R&D for the rare isotope accelerator project
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 771
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A next generation radioactive beam facility, the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA), is in preparation in the US. RIA aims at producing intense beams of radioactive isotopes and providing them to experimental stations with energy variable from ion source energy to a few hundred MeV/u. To perform this task, RIA will use standard ISOL and fragmentation techniques together with novel approaches combining advantages of both techniques to obtain high quality beams of the produced isotopes at all energy regimes.RIA will use these approaches in combination with a novel 400 kW superconducting heavy-ion driver linac to produce the activity and a very efficient post-acceleration scheme based on low-frequency RFQs injecting an ATLAS-like superconducting linac to obtain maximum intensity and excellent beam quality at the experimental stations. The development of the RIA concept required new ideas and significant technical advances. The technical issues with this versatile high-power facility and their present solutions will be presented together with the present status of the R&D efforts and the performance obtained with various prototypes that have been completed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - ION sources
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Charge stripper
KW  - Radio frequency quadrupole
KW  - Source of radioactive nuclei
KW  - Superconducting linac
N1  - Accession Number: 11852308; Savard, G. 1; Email Address: savard@phy.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 204 Issue 1-4, p771; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge stripper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radio frequency quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source of radioactive nuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting linac; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00501-9
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kharzeev, D.
T1  - What are we learning from RHIC?
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 09205632
N1  - Accession Number: 11091680; Kharzeev, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Theory Group, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p13; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardeen, W.
AU  - Eichten, E.
AU  - Thacker, H.
T1  - Low energy chiral lagrangian parameters for scalar and pseudoscalar mesons
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present results of a high-statistics study of scalar and pseudoscalar meson propagators in quenched QCD at two values of lattice spacing, <F>β = 5.7</F> and 5.9, with clover-improved Wilson fermions. The study of the chiral limit is facilitated by the pole-shifting ansatz of the modified quenched approximation. Pseudoscalar masses and decay constants are determined as a function of quark mass and quenched chiral log effects are estimated. A study of the flavor singlet ν′ hairpin diagram yields a precise determination of the ν′ mass insertion. The corresponding value of the quenched chiral log parameter b is compared with the observed QCL effects. Removal of QCL effects from the scalar propagator allows a determination of the mass of the lowest lying isovector scalar <F>q<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">q</OVL></F> meson. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091707; Bardeen, W. 1 Eichten, E. 1 Thacker, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA  2: Dept. of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p242; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Noaki, J.
T1  - Calculation of weak matrix elements in domain-wall QCD with the DBW2 gauge action
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We report the details of our ongoing quenched calculations of weak matrix elements using the combination of domain-wall fermions and the DBW2 gauge action on lattices with <F>a−1 ∼ 3 GeV</F>. A strategy to avoid the problem of fixed topological charge is introduced in generating gauge configurations. After studying the basic run parameters and elemental quantities, we present a preliminary result for the kaon B-parameter (<F>BK</F>). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091748; Noaki, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p362; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aoki, Yasumichi
T1  - Nucleon decay matrix elements for domain-wall fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 380
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We report on the nucleon decay matrix elements with domain-wall fermions in quenched approximation. Results from direct and indirect method are compared with a focus on the process of a proton decaying to a pion and a lepton. We discuss the renormalization necessary for the matching to the continuum theory. Preliminary results for the renormalized chiral lagrangian parameters are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DECAY schemes (Radioactivity)
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091754; Aoki, Yasumichi 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p380; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DECAY schemes (Radioactivity); Subject Term: FERMIONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Konstantinos Orginosa
T1  - Nucleon matrix elements with domain wall fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 386
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present the status of our calculation of the first few moments of the nucleon structure functions. Our calculations are done using domain wall fermions in the quenched approximation with the DBW2 gauge action at 1.3GeV inverse lattice spacing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091756; Konstantinos Orginosa 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p386; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohta, Shigemi
T1  - Nucleon axial charge from quenched lattice QCD with domain wall fermions and DBW2 gauge action
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The domain wall fermion (DWF) method, with its almost perfectly preserved chiral symmetry on the lattice, makes the calculation of the nucleon axial charge particularly easy. By maintaining chiral symmetry and using the Ward-Takahashi (WT) identity, one has <F>ZA = ZV</F> and the bare lattice calculation yields the physical value without explicit renormalization. The DBW2 improved gauge action provides further enhancement of the symmetry and hence a more accurate WT identity at coarse lattice spacing. Taking advantage of these methods, we confirmed a significant volume dependence of the nucleon axial charge on (1.2fm)3 and (2.4fm)3 lattice volumes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091757; Ohta, Shigemi 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  2: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p389; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Del Debbio, Luigi
AU  - Di Pierro, Massimo
AU  - Dougall, Alex
T1  - The second moment of the pion light cone wave function
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 416
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present a preliminary result for second moment of the light cone wave function of the pion. This parameter is the subject of a discrepancy between theoretical predictions (coming from lattice and sum rules) and a recent experimental result (that remarkably agrees with purely perturbative predictions). In this work we exploit lattice hypercubic symmetries to remove power divergences and, moreover, implement a full 1-loop matching for all the contributing operators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PIONS
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091766; Del Debbio, Luigi 1 Di Pierro, Massimo 2 Dougall, Alex 3; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Pisa, P.zza Torricelli 2, Pisa, Italy  2: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60563, USA  3: Theoretical Physics, Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, Univ. of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p416; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mason, Quentin
AU  - Lepage, Peter
AU  - Mackenzie, Paul
AU  - Trottier, Howard
AU  - Hein, Joachim
AU  - Davies, Christine
AU  - Follana, Eduardo
T1  - Taste-changing in staggered quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 446
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present results from a systematic perturbative investigation of taste-changing in improved staggered quarks. We show one-loop taste-changing interactions can be removed perturbatively by an effective four-quark term and calculate the necessary coefficients. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUARKS
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11091775; Mason, Quentin 1 Lepage, Peter 1 Mackenzie, Paul 2 Trottier, Howard 3 Hein, Joachim 4 Davies, Christine 5 Follana, Eduardo 5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Elementary-Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Fermilab P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Physics Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C. V5A 1S6, Canada  4: School of Physics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh E119 3JZ, UK  5: Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p446; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oktaya, M.B.
AU  - El-Khadraab, A.X.
AU  - Kronfeld, A.S.
AU  - Mackenzie, P.B.
AU  - Simone, J.N.
T1  - A relativistic <F>O(a2)</F> improved action for heavy quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 464
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We extend the Fermilab formalism for heavy quarks to develop an 0(a2) improved relativistic action. We discuss our construction of the action, including the identification of redundant operators and the calculation of the improvement coefficients. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUARKS
KW  - RELATIVISTIC kinematics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091781; Oktaya, M.B. 1 El-Khadraab, A.X. 1,2 Kronfeld, A.S. 2 Mackenzie, P.B. 2 Simone, J.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p464; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: RELATIVISTIC kinematics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nemoto, Y.
T1  - Effective potential for Polyakov loops in lattice QCD
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 502
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Toward the derivation of an effective theory for Polyakov loops in lattice QCD, we examine Polyakov loop correlation functions using the multi-level algorithm which was recently developed by Luscher and Weisz. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11091792; Nemoto, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p502; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kogut, J.B.
AU  - Sinclair, D.K.
T1  - Lattice QCD at finite isospin chemical potential and temperature
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 556
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We simulate lattice QCD at a finite chemical potential <F>μI</F> for isospin (<F>I3</F>) at zero and finite temperatures. At some <F>μ1 = μc</F> QCD has a second order transition with mean-field critical exponents to a state where (<F>I3</F>) is broken spontaneously by a charged pion condensate. Heating the system with <F>μI > μc</F> we find there is some temperature at which this condensate evaporates. This transition appears to be second order and mean-field at lower <F>μI</F> values, and first order for <F>μI</F> sufficiently large. We are determining the dependence of the finite temperature crossover <F>Tc</F> on <F>μI</F> for <F>μI < μc</F>. This is expected to be identical to <F>Tc</F>''s dependence on quark-number chemical potential <F>μq</F> for small <F>μq</F>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - ISOBARIC spin
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11091809; Kogut, J.B. 1 Sinclair, D.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p556; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: ISOBARIC spin; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kogut, J.B.
AU  - Toublan, D.
AU  - Sinclair, D.K.
T1  - SU(2) lattice gauge theory at nonzero chemical potential and temperature
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 559
SN  - 09205632
AB  - SU(2) lattice gauge theory with four flavors of quarks is simulated at nonzero chemical potential μ and temperature <F>T</F> and the results are compared to the predictions of Effective Lagrangians. Simulations on 169 lattices indicate that at zero <F>T</F> the theory experiences a second order phase transition to a diquark condensate state which is well described by mean field theory. Nonzero <F>T</F> and μ are studied on 123 × 6 lattices. For low <F>T</F>, increasing μ takes the system through a line of second order phase transitions to a diquark condensed phase. Increasing <F>T</F> at high μ, the system passes through a line of first order transitions from the diquark phase to the quark-gluon plasma phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091810; Kogut, J.B. 1 Toublan, D. 1 Sinclair, D.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p559; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - di Pierro, Massimo
AU  - El-Khadraa, Aida X.
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas S.
AU  - Mackenzie, Paul B.
AU  - Menscher, Damian P.
AU  - Oktay, Mehmet B.
AU  - Simone, James N.
T1  - Charmonium with three flavors of dynamical quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 586
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present a calculation of the charmonium spectrum with three flavors of dynamical staggered quarks from gauge configurations that were generated by the MILL collaboration. We use the Fermilab action for the valence charm quarks. Our calculation of the spin-averaged 1P–1S and 2S-1S splittings yields a determination of the strong coupling, with <F>α<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">MS</OVL>(MZ) = 0.119(4)</F>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CHARMONIUM
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091818; di Pierro, Massimo 1 El-Khadraa, Aida X. 2 Gottlieb, Steven 1,3 Kronfeld, Andreas S. 1 Mackenzie, Paul B. 1 Menscher, Damian P. 2 Oktay, Mehmet B. 2 Simone, James N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA  3: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p586; Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryan, Sinéad M.
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas S.
T1  - Remark on the theoretical uncertainty in <F>B0 − <OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">B</OVL>0</F> mixing
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 622
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We re-examine the theoretical uncertainty in the Standard Model expression for <F>B0 − <OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">B</OVL>0</F> mixing. We focus on lattice calculations of the ratio χ, needed to relate the oscillation frequency of <F>B0 − <OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">B</OVL>0</F> mixing to <F>Vtd</F>. We replace the usual linear chiral extrapolation with one that includes the logarithm that appears in chiral perturbation theory. We find a significant shift in the ratio χ, from the conventional 1.15 ± 0.05 to χ = 1.32 ± 0.10. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11091829; Ryan, Sinéad M. 1 Kronfeld, Andreas S. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Mathematics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland  2: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p622; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simone, J.N.
T1  - Form factors for the semileptonic decay <F>B → πℓν</F>
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 632
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Previously published determinations for <F>B → πℓν</F> form factors are fit using a parameterization proposed by Becirevic and Kaidalov which incorporates physical constraints on the form factors. We check the consistency of the extrapolation to <B>p</B>π = 0 by testing phenomenological expectations in the combined chiral and heavy quark limits. We then examine how well current lattice results constrain the form factors in extrapolations to the maximum pion recoil limit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics) -- Decay
KW  - FORM factor (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11091832; Simone, J.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p632; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics) -- Decay; Subject Term: FORM factor (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
AU  - Tamhankar, Sonali
T1  - A lattice study of <F>Λb</F> semileptonic decay
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 644
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present results from a lattice study of the semileptonic decay <F>Λb → Λclνl</F>. We use <F>O(a2, αsa2)</F> improved quenched lattices of the MILL collaboration, with lattice spacing ∼ 0.13 fm. For the valence quarks, the tadpoleimproved clover action is used, with the Fermilab method employed for the heavy quarks. Form factors are extracted from the vector as well as the axial-vector part of the current. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics) -- Decay
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091836; Gottlieb, Steven 1,2 Tamhankar, Sonali 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  2: Theory Group MS106, Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p644; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics) -- Decay; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Izubuchi, Taku
T1  - Lattice QCD with dynamical domain wall quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 813
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We study lattice QCD with two flavors of dynamical domain wall quarks. With renormalization group motivated actions, we find chiral symmetry can be preserved to a high degree at lattice cut off of <F>a−1 ∼ 2 GeV</F> even for fifth dimension size as small as <F>Ls = 12</F>. In addition two new steps are introduced to improve the performance of the hybrid Monte Carlo simulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 11091887; Izubuchi, Taku 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p813; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prelovsek, S.
AU  - Orginos, K.
T1  - Quenched scalar-meson correlator with domain wall fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 822
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We study the <OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">q</OVL>q singlet and non-singlet scalar-meson masses using domain wall fermions and the quenched approximation. The singlet mass is found to be smaller than the non-singlet mass and indicates that the lowest singlet meson state could be lighter than 1 GeV. The two-point functions for very small quark masses are compared with expectations from the small-volume chiral perturbation theory and the presence of fermionic zero modes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MESONS
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - CORRELATORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091890; Prelovsek, S. 1 Orginos, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p822; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: CORRELATORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creutz, Michael
T1  - Transiting topological sectors with the overlap
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 837
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The overlap operator provides an elegant definition for the winding number of lattice gauge field configurations. Only for a set of configurations of measure zero is this procedure undefined. Without restrictions on the lattice fields, however, the space of gauge fields is simply connected. I present a simple low dimensional illustration of how the eigenvalues of a truncated overlap operator flow as one travels between different topological sectors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LATTICE gauge theories
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - TOPOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11091895; Creutz, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p837; Subject Term: LATTICE gauge theories; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rupak, Gautam
AU  - Shoresh, Noam
T1  - Approaching the continuum limit using chiral perturbation theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 849
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We extend chiral perturbation theory to include linear dependence on the lattice spacing a for the Wilson action. The perturbation theory is written as a double expansion in the small quark mass <F>mq</F> and lattice spacing <F>a</F>. We present formulae for the mass and decay constant of a flavor- non-singlet meson in this scheme to order <F>a</F> and <F>mq2</F>. The extension to the partially quenched theory is also described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - ATOMIC mass
N1  - Accession Number: 11091899; Rupak, Gautam 1 Shoresh, Noam 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p849; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duncan, A.
AU  - Eichten, E.
AU  - Yoo, J.
T1  - Recent results using all-point quark propagators
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1018
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Pseudofermion methods for extracting all-point quark propagators are reviewed, with special emphasis on techniques for reducing or eliminating autocorrelations induced by low eigenmodes of the quark Dirac operator. Recent applications, including high statistics evaluations of hadronic current correlators and the pion form factor, are also described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - AUTOCORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - DIRAC equation
N1  - Accession Number: 11091949; Duncan, A. 1 Eichten, E. 2 Yoo, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA  2: Theory Group, Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p1018; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: AUTOCORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: DIRAC equation; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyle, P.A.
AU  - Chen, D.
AU  - Christ, N.H.
AU  - Cristian, C.
AU  - Dong, Z.
AU  - Gara, A.
AU  - Joó, B.
AU  - Jung, C.
AU  - Kim, C.
AU  - Levkova, L.
AU  - Liao, X.
AU  - Liu, G.
AU  - Mawhinney, R.D.
AU  - Ohta, S.
AU  - Petrov, K.
AU  - Wettig, T.
AU  - Yarnaguchi, A.
T1  - Status of and performance estimates for QCDOC
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1041
SN  - 09205632
AB  - QCDOC is a supercomputer designed for high scalability at a low cost per node. We discuss the status of the project and provide performance estimates for large machines obtained from cycle accurate simulation of the QCDOC ASIC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - MACHINE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11091956; Boyle, P.A. 1,2 Chen, D. 3 Christ, N.H. 2 Cristian, C. 2 Dong, Z. 2 Gara, A. 3 Joó, B. 2 Jung, C. 2 Kim, C. 2 Levkova, L. 2 Liao, X. 2 Liu, G. 2 Mawhinney, R.D. 2 Ohta, S. 4,5 Petrov, K. 2 Wettig, T. 5,6 Yarnaguchi, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Scotland  2: Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA  3: IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA  4: Institute for Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan  5: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA  6: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8120, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p1041; Subject Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Subject Term: MACHINE theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pochinsky, A.
AU  - Akers, W.
AU  - Brower, R.
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Dreher, P.
AU  - Edwards, R.
AU  - Gottlieb, S.
AU  - Holmgren, D.
AU  - Mackenzie, P.
AU  - Negele, J.
AU  - Richards, D.
AU  - Simone, J.
AU  - Watson, W.
T1  - Large scale commodity clusters for lattice QCD
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 119
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1044
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We describe the construction of large scale clusters for lattice QCD computing being developed under the umbrella of the U.S. DoE SciDAC initiative. We discuss the study of floating point and network performance that drove the design of the cluster, and present our plans for future multi-Terascale facilities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091958; Pochinsky, A. 1 Akers, W. 2 Brower, R. 3 Chen, J. 2 Dreher, P. 1 Edwards, R. 2 Gottlieb, S. 4,5 Holmgren, D. 5 Mackenzie, P. 5 Negele, J. 1 Richards, D. 2 Simone, J. 5 Watson, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  3: Physics Department, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  4: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  5: Theory Group, Fermi National Accelerator Center, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 119 Issue 1-3, p1044; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chitanvis, Shirish M.
T1  - Initiation of rapidly expanding supercritical fluids
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 322
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 03784371
AB  - We consider the case when a supercritical fluid emerges at sonic speed from a small orifice in a high pressure chamber. The subsequent expansion causes a pressure drop and the fluid then enters a regime where its equation of state in <f>P</f>–<f>V</f> space becomes concave towards the origin. This is the signal for an expansion shock to occur in a non-ideal fluid, accompanied by absorption of the heat of vaporization. An analytic calculation provides the shape and location of this anti-detonation front using Whitham''s method. Dependence of the shape of the front on various operating conditions was calculated for the particular case of supercritical carbon dioxide. Our results provide an insight into the initiation of the rapid expansion of supercritical solutions, a process which is used in many manufacturing technologies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - EXPANSION of liquids
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
N1  - Accession Number: 9572760; Chitanvis, Shirish M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS B268, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 322 Issue 1-4, p55; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: EXPANSION of liquids; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)01550-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Köbler, U.
AU  - Hoser, A.
AU  - Hupfeld, D.
T1  - A complete description of the order parameter of Heisenberg-type magnets for <f>0<T<Tc</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 328
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 276
SN  - 09214526
AB  - It is shown experimentally that the temperature dependence of the magnetic order parameter of real Heisenberg magnets, <f>ms(T)</f>, can be described in the whole range <f>0<T<Tc</f> by a sequence of simple analytical functions. The normal behaviour is a single crossover between the well-known critical power law <f>ms∼(Tc−T)β</f> and one analytical dependence according to <f>ms=1−c×T&epsiv;</f> which holds for all lower temperatures. A more complicated situation results if strength or anisotropy of the exchange interactions change strongly as a function of temperature. This can induce further crossover events with discrete changes either of the coefficient <f>c</f> or of the exponent <f>&epsiv;</f>. Except for the temperatures in the vicinity of the crossover the critical power law and one (or more) empirical <f>T&epsiv;</f> functions with definite exponents <f>&epsiv;</f> give an excellent description of the whole experimental <f>ms(T)</f> dependence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - Spin waves
KW  - Thermodynamic crossover
KW  - Universality classes
N1  - Accession Number: 9498957; Köbler, U. 1; Email Address: u.koebler@fz-juelich.de Hoser, A. 1,2,3 Hupfeld, D. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Festkörperforschung, 52425 Jülich, Germany  2: Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin, 14109 Berlin, Germany  3: Institut für Kristallographie, RWTH-Aachen, 52056 Aachen, Germany  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 328 Issue 3/4, p276; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SPIN waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamic crossover; Author-Supplied Keyword: Universality classes; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01850-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klamut, P.W.
AU  - Dabrowski, B.
AU  - Mini, S.M.
AU  - Maxwell, M.
AU  - Mais, J.
AU  - Felner, I.
AU  - Asaf, U.
AU  - Ritter, F.
AU  - Shengelaya, A.
AU  - Khasanov, R.
AU  - Savic, I.M.
AU  - Keller, H.
AU  - Wisniewski, A.
AU  - Puzniak, R.
AU  - Fita, I.M.
AU  - Sulkowski, C.
AU  - Matusiak, M.
T1  - On the effect of heterovalent substitutions in ruthenocuprates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We discuss the properties of superconducting derivatives of the RuSr2GdCu2O8 (1212-type) ruthenocuprate, for which heterovalent doping has been achieved through partial substitution of Cu ions into the RuO2 planes (Ru<f>1−x</f>Sr2GdCu<f>2+x</f>O<f>8−δ</f>, <f>0&les;x&les;0.75</f>, <f>Tcmax=72</f> K for <f>x=0.3</f>–0.4) and Ce ions into the Gd sites (RuSr2Gd<f>1−y</f>CeyCu2O8, <f>0&les;y&les;0.1</f>). The measurements of XANES, thermopower, and magnetization under external pressure reveal an underdoped character of all compounds. Muon spin rotation experiments indicate the presence of magnetic order at low temperatures (<f>Tm=14</f>–2 K for <f>x=0.1</f>–0.4). Properties of these two series lead us to the qualitative phase diagram for differently doped 1212-type ruthenocuprates. The difference in temperature of magnetic ordering found for superconducting and non-superconducting RuSr2GdCu2O8 is discussed in the context of the properties of substituted compounds. The high pressure oxygen conditions required for synthesis of Ru<f>1−x</f>Sr2RECu<f>2+x</f>O<f>8−δ</f>, have been extended to synthesis of a Ru<f>1−x</f>Sr2Eu<f>2−y</f>CeyCu<f>2+x</f>O<f>10−δ</f> series. The Cu <f>→</f> Ru doping achieved in these phases is found to decrease the temperature for magnetic ordering as well the volume fraction of the magnetic phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MUON spin rotation
KW  - High-pressure O2 synthesis
KW  - Magnetic superconductors
KW  - Muon spin rotation spectroscopy
KW  - Ruthenocuprates
N1  - Accession Number: 9300888; Klamut, P.W. 1,2,3; Email Address: klamut@niu.edu Dabrowski, B. 1,2 Mini, S.M. 1,2 Maxwell, M. 1 Mais, J. 1 Felner, I. 4 Asaf, U. 4 Ritter, F. 4 Shengelaya, A. 5 Khasanov, R. 5 Savic, I.M. 5 Keller, H. 5 Wisniewski, A. 6 Puzniak, R. 6 Fita, I.M. 6 Sulkowski, C. 3 Matusiak, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, 218 Faraday Hall, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Institute of Low Temperature and Structure, Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 50-950 Wroclaw, Poland  4: Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel  5: Physik-Institut der Universität Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland  6: Institute of Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warszawa, Poland; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p33; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MUON spin rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-pressure O2 synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon spin rotation spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenocuprates; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00637-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crabtree, G.W.
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Xiao, Z.L.
AU  - Jiang, J.S.
AU  - Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K.
AU  - Bader, S.D.
AU  - Liang, J.
AU  - Chik, H.
AU  - Xu, J.M.
T1  - Vortices in dense self-assembled hole arrays
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present a study of the upper critical field and pinning strength measured by the resistivity and magnetization of a Nb film containing a dense array of 45 nm diameter holes on a hexagonal lattice with a spacing of 101 nm. The holes were formed by self-assembly in anodic aluminum oxide using an electrochemical procedure. Confinement effects and Little–Parks oscillations are seen above 6 K, and strong pinning with matching field effects is seen below 6 K. Above the first matching field interstitial vortices coexist with vortices trapped in the hole array. Pinning in the Nb films with dense hole arrays is enhanced by two orders of magnitude over that in continuous Nb films. At low temperature, flux avalanches are observed and imaged using the magneto-optical Faraday effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTH resistance (Geophysics)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - Anodic aluminum oxide
KW  - Confined vortices
KW  - Little–Parks oscillations
KW  - Self-assembled hole pinning array
N1  - Accession Number: 9300941; Crabtree, G.W. 1; Email Address: crabtree@anl.gov Welp, U. 1 Xiao, Z.L. 1 Jiang, J.S. 1 Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K. 1 Bader, S.D. 1 Liang, J. 2 Chik, H. 2 Xu, J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Division of Engineering and Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p49; Subject Term: EARTH resistance (Geophysics); Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anodic aluminum oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Confined vortices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Little–Parks oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled hole pinning array; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00640-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pickett, W.E.
AU  - An, J.M.
AU  - Rosner, H.
AU  - Savrasov, S.Y.
T1  - Role of two dimensionality in MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 09214534
AB  - In the theoretical study of the origin of superconductivity in MgB2, the importance of the two dimensionality of the electronic structure has not been clear. Here we use the related system, and predicted superconductor, Li<f>1−x</f>BC to illustrate the importance the two dimensionality of the σ bands has for (1) the occurrence of high <f>Tc</f>, (2) the possibility of raising the critical temperature, and (3) the lattice instabilities that accompany strong electron–phonon coupling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - Electron–phonon coupling
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - Two-dimensionality
N1  - Accession Number: 9300925; Pickett, W.E. 1; Email Address: pickett@physics.ucdavis.edu An, J.M. 1,2 Rosner, H. 1 Savrasov, S.Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, NJ 07102, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p117; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–phonon coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-dimensionality; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00656-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moca, C.P.
AU  - Jankó, B.
T1  - Theory of strong electron–phonon superconductivity for MgB2 in the framework of two-band model
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Using strong coupling Eliashberg formalism for a two-band model, the superconductivity in MgB2 is analyzed. We calculated the temperature dependence for physical quantities of relevant importance for understanding the superconductivity mechanism in this simple compound. We performed calculations for the order parameter, density of states and spin relaxation. Our theoretical results are in agreement with the experimental data available. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Eliashberg theory
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Two-band model
N1  - Accession Number: 9300903; Moca, C.P. 1; Email Address: mocap@uoradea.ro Jankó, B. 2; Email Address: bjanko@nd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  2: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p122; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eliashberg theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-band model; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00657-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, L.H.
AU  - Hentges, P.
AU  - Aubin, H.
AU  - Aprili, M.
AU  - Badica, E.
AU  - Covington, M.
AU  - Pafford, M.M.
AU  - Westwood, G.
AU  - Klemperer, W.G.
AU  - Jian, S.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
T1  - Planar tunneling spectroscopy of high-temperature superconductors: Andreev bound states and broken symmetries
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Quasiparticle planar tunneling spectroscopy is shown to be a powerful, phase-sensitive spectroscopic tool for the study of unconventional superconductivity. Several familiar and novel junction fabrication techniques on YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (BSCCO) single crystals are used for our systematic studies of the tunneling conductances, which are obtained as a function of crystallographic orientation, applied magnetic field (magnitude and orientation) atomic substitution and surface damage. All these results confirm that the observed zero-bias conductance peak (ZBCP) is comprised of quasiparticle (QP) Andreev bound states (ABS), which arise from reflection-symmetry breaking at the interface of a superconductor whose superconducting order parameter (OP) exhibits d-wave, or <f>dx2–y2</f>, symmetry. Consistency in the observation of the splitting of the ZBCP is presented: The splitting of the ZBCP observed in applied field, and the spontaneous splitting observed at lower temperatures in zero field, occur concomitantly in a given junction, and that observation of this splitting is dependent upon the length-scale of the surface disorder and the magnitude of the tunneling cone, <f>φ</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNNELING spectroscopy
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Andreev bound states
KW  - Broken time-reversal symmetry
KW  - Tunneling spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9300951; Greene, L.H. 1; Email Address: lhg@uiuc.edu Hentges, P. 1 Aubin, H. 1 Aprili, M. 1 Badica, E. 1 Covington, M. 1 Pafford, M.M. 2 Westwood, G. 2 Klemperer, W.G. 2 Jian, S. 3 Hinks, D.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, 1110 West Green Street, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p162; Subject Term: TUNNELING spectroscopy; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Andreev bound states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Broken time-reversal symmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tunneling spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00663-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krusin-Elbaum, L.
AU  - Shibauchi, T.
AU  - Blatter, G.
AU  - Mielke, C.H.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Maley, M.P.
AU  - Kes, P.H.
T1  - Pseudogap state in overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O<f>8+y</f>
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We use interlayer intrinsic tunneling resistivity to probe the pseudogap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O<f>8+y</f> in magnetic fields up to 60 T. A map of the field–temperature (<f>H</f>–<f>T</f>) diagram of the pseudogap state reveals the pseudogap as a dominant feature up to very high levels of hole doping. The unconventionally large quantum fluctuation regime observed on the overdoped side is consistent with the pseudogap in the vortex cores. Unlike the characteristic fields of the superconducting state, the field that closes the pseudogap at low temperatures is temperature-independent. It is related to the pseudogap temperature <f>T★</f> through a simple Zeeman energy scale, pointing to the pseudogap controlled by the spin rather than the orbital degrees of freedom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Interlayer tunneling
KW  - Phase diagram
KW  - Pseudogap
KW  - Quantum fluctuations
N1  - Accession Number: 9300901; Krusin-Elbaum, L. 1; Email Address: krusin@us.ibm.com Shibauchi, T. 1,2,3 Blatter, G. 4 Mielke, C.H. 5 Li, M. 6 Maley, M.P. 2 Kes, P.H. 6; Affiliation:  1: IBM, T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Route 134, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA  2: MST-STC, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan  4: Theoretische Physik, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland  5: NHMF Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  6: Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p169; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interlayer tunneling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudogap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum fluctuations; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00664-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cao, G.
AU  - Balicas, L.
AU  - Xin, Y.
AU  - Crow, J.E.
AU  - Nelson, C.S.
T1  - Interplay between different degrees of freedom: unusual physical phenomena in Ca3Ru2O7
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Ca3Ru2O7, a Mott-like system with a narrow charge gap of 0.1 eV, is characterized by strong coupling between different degrees of freedom and various magnetic and electronic transitions that are abrupt and highly anisotropic. In this paper, we report a host of physical phenomena including: (1) A collapse of the <f>c</f>-axis lattice parameter at a metal–nonmetal transition, <f>TMI</f> (=48 K), and a rapid increase of <f>TMI</f> with low uniaxial pressure applied along the <f>c</f>-axis, suggesting that the shortening of the <f>c</f>-axis is critical to the antiferromagnetic nonmetallic state. (2) A 90° rotation of the easy-axis for magnetization in the vicinity of <f>TMI</f>, implying a drastic change in spin–orbit coupling through the lattice degree of freedom. (3) Anomalous angular dependence of magnetization and resistivity, indicating an unusually large anisotropy and a strong spin–charge coupling. (4) Quantum oscillations in the gapped, nonmetallic state for <f>20 mK<T<6.5</f> K; (5) Tunneling colossal magnetoresistance due in part to the magnetic valve-like effect, which yields a precipitate drop in resistivity. (6) Different in-plane anisotropies of colossal magnetoresistance and magnetization, suggesting that the electron scattering mechanism is not entirely driven by spins. It is believed that the unusually strong coupling between lattice, orbital, charge and spin degrees of freedom primarily dictates the exotic ground states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Quantum oscillations
KW  - Ruthenates
KW  - Single crystal
N1  - Accession Number: 9300905; Cao, G. 1; Email Address: cao@uky.edu Balicas, L. 2 Xin, Y. 2 Crow, J.E. 2 Nelson, C.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p247; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00680-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, Z.H.
AU  - Budnick, J.I.
AU  - Daniel, M.
AU  - Hines, W.A.
AU  - Pease, D.M.
AU  - Klamut, P.W.
AU  - Dabrowski, B.
AU  - Mini, S.M.
AU  - Maxwell, M.
AU  - Kimball, C.W.
T1  - Nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetization studies of the ferromagnetic ordering temperature suppression in Ru deficient SrRuO3
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The synthesis of SrRuO3 under high-pressure oxygen produces a nonstoichiometric form with randomly distributed vacancies on the Ru sites, along with a significantly reduced ferromagnetic ordering temperature. In order to gain additional insight into the suppression of the ferromagnetism, local studies utilizing 99,101Ru zero-field spin-echo NMR, Ru K-edge XAFS and XANES, along with complimentary magnetization and X-ray diffraction measurements, have been carried out on samples of SrRuO3 annealed at both (ambient) atmospheric pressure and ‘high-pressure’ oxygen (600 atm). Consistent with previous work, the NMR spectrum for ambient SrRuO3 consists of two well-defined peaks at 64.4 and 72.2 MHz corresponding to the 99Ru and 101Ru isotopes, respectively, and a hyperfine field of 329 kG. Although the magnetization measurements show a lower ferromagnetic ordering temperature for the high-pressure oxygen sample (90 K compared to 160 K for the ambient sample), the NMR spectrum shows no significant shift in the two peak frequencies. However, the two peaks exhibit considerable broadening, along with structure on both the low and high frequency sides which is believed to be quadrupolar in origin. Analysis of the Ru K-edge XAFS reveals more disorder in the Ru–O bond for the high-pressure oxygen sample compared to the ambient sample. Furthermore, XANES of Ru K-edge analysis indicates no difference in the valence of Ru between the two samples. The magnetic behavior indicates the existence of some vacancies on the Ru sites for the high-pressure oxygen sample. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - DC magnetization
KW  - High-pressure O2 synthesis
KW  - NMR
KW  - Ruthenates
N1  - Accession Number: 9300949; Han, Z.H. 1 Budnick, J.I. 1 Daniel, M. 1 Hines, W.A. 1; Email Address: hines@uconnvm.uconn.edu Pease, D.M. 1 Klamut, P.W. 2,3 Dabrowski, B. 2,3 Mini, S.M. 2,3 Maxwell, M. 2 Kimball, C.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA  2: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p256; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: DC magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-pressure O2 synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenates; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00681-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dabrowski, B.
AU  - Chmaissem, O.
AU  - Kolesnik, S.
AU  - Mais, J.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
T1  - Correlation of magnetic transition temperatures to disorder for atomically arranged perovskites
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 387
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 266
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Oxygen contents and the A–O and Mn–O bond lengths have been measured over extended temperature and composition ranges to derive accurate equilibrium interatomic distances for perovskite manganites AMnO3. By using these parameters instead of tabulated ionic radii we have derived the functional dependence of the tolerance factor <f>t=t(x,T,δ)</f> on composition, temperature, and oxygen content. This functional dependence of <f>t=t(x,T,δ)</f> permits a systematic representation of perovskite phase stability, structural distortions, and magnetic transition temperatures in terms of the tolerance factor. An additional dependence of the properties on local structural and charge disorder on the A-site is demonstrated for the Sr<f>1−x</f>Ca<f>x</f>MnO3 and RE0.5Ba0.5MnO3 compounds. These effects also appear to be universal for other perovskites-like compounds; for example, the high temperature superconducting cuprates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - ENGINEERING tolerances
KW  - Manganites
KW  - Structural properties
KW  - Synthesis
KW  - Tolerance factor
N1  - Accession Number: 9300912; Dabrowski, B. 1; Email Address: dabrowski@anl.gov Chmaissem, O. 1 Kolesnik, S. 1 Mais, J. 1 Jorgensen, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, FW 216, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 1/2, p266; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: ENGINEERING tolerances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tolerance factor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00683-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Konoike, Takako
AU  - Iwashita, Ken-ichi
AU  - Nakano, Issei
AU  - Yoshino, Harukazu
AU  - Sasaki, Takahiko
AU  - Nogami, Yoshio
AU  - S. Brooks, James
AU  - Graf, David
AU  - H. Mielke, Charles
AU  - C. Papavassiliou, George
AU  - Murata, Keizo
T1  - Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations and Fermi surface of <f>τ</f>-phase conductors
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
SN  - 13869477
AB  - <f>τ</f>-phase organic quasi-two-dimensional conductors have a 4-fold single Fermi surface (FS) from band calculation. At low temperature, the resistivity turns into semiconducting, whereas Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations (SdH) have been observed. The SdH signal includes two frequencies that are inconsistent with the band calculation. Recently, we found the superstructure of this salt below <f>245 K</f> by X-ray study. This result may explain the contradiction between observation and calculation for the FS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Fermi surface
KW  - Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation
KW  - Superstructure
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 9858687; Konoike, Takako 1; Email Address: konoike@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp Iwashita, Ken-ichi 1 Nakano, Issei 1 Yoshino, Harukazu 1 Sasaki, Takahiko 2 Nogami, Yoshio 3 S. Brooks, James 4 Graf, David 4 H. Mielke, Charles 5 C. Papavassiliou, George 6 Murata, Keizo 1; Email Address: muratak@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan  2: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  3: Physics Department, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8530, Japan  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  5: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, LANL, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  6: Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Res. Found., Athens, 116/35, Greece; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 18 Issue 1-3, p188; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1386-9477(02)01004-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Narozhny, Boris
AU  - Zala, Gabor
AU  - Aleiner, Igor
T1  - A theory of metallic conductivity of the two-dimensional electron gas
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
SN  - 13869477
AB  - It is well known that electron–electron interaction in two-dimensional disordered systems leads to logarithmically divergent Altshuler–Aronov corrections to conductivity at low temperatures (<f>Tτ≪1</f>; <f>τ</f> is the elastic mean-free time). This work is devoted to the fate of such corrections at intermediate temperatures <f>Tτ>1</f>. We show that in this (ballistic) regime the temperature dependence of conductivity is still governed by the same physical processes as the Altshuler–Aronov corrections—electron scattering by Friedel oscillations. However, in this regime the correction is linear in temperature; the value and even the sign of the slope depends on the strength of electron–electron interaction (this sign change may be relevant for the “metal-insulator” transition observed recently). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - ELECTRON-electron interactions
KW  - Electron–electron interaction
KW  - Friedel oscillation
KW  - Metal-insulator transition
N1  - Accession Number: 9858725; Narozhny, Boris 1; Email Address: narozhny@ictp.trieste.it Zala, Gabor 2 Aleiner, Igor 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 18 Issue 1-3, p270; Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Subject Term: ELECTRON-electron interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–electron interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friedel oscillation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal-insulator transition; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1386-9477(02)01012-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulaevskii, L.N.
AU  - Ortiz, G.
T1  - Indirect quantum measurement of a single quantum spin
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We establish the conditions to observe a single localized quantum spin <f><NU>1</NU>/2</f> using a tunneling current of electrons as the probe in an indirect quantum measurement. We show that a strong tunneling current, due to the shot noise, suppresses the spin dynamics, such as the spin precession in an external magnetic field (quantum Zeno effect), while a weak tunneling current preserves the spin precession but the oscillatory component of the current is of the same order as the noise. Within our semi-classical analysis we describe the physical requisites to observe a signature of quantum oscillations in the current–current correlation function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Non-equilibrium
KW  - Quantum measurement
KW  - Single spin
KW  - Tunneling
N1  - Accession Number: 9858752; Bulaevskii, L.N.; Email Address: lnb@viking.lanl.gov Ortiz, G. 1; Email Address: ortiz@viking.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 18 Issue 1-3, p329; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single spin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tunneling; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1386-9477(02)01071-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balatsky, A.V.
AU  - Zhu, Jian-Xin
T1  - Quantum Nyquist temperature fluctuations
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 341
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Using the Nyquist approach, temperature fluctuations of an object, in thermal contact with a reservoir, are studied. We argue that, upon decreasing the size of the object, one necessarily reaches the quantum regime. The crossover temperature between the classical and quantum regimes is given by <f>T&ast;∼ℎ/kBτ</f>, where <f>τ</f> is the thermal relaxation time of the system. For a nano-scale metallic particle in a good thermal contact with a reservoir, <f>T&ast;</f> can be on a scale of a few Kelvin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Nano-scale systems
KW  - Quantum fluctuations
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Theromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9858758; Balatsky, A.V.; Email Address: avb@viking.lanl.gov Zhu, Jian-Xin 1; Email Address: jxzhu@viking.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 18 Issue 1-3, p341; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano-scale systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theromodynamics; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1386-9477(02)01080-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - AINSWORTH, E. A.
AU  - DAVEY, P. A.
AU  - HYMUS, G. J.
AU  - OSBORNE, C. P.
AU  - ROGERS, A.
AU  - BLUM, H.
AU  - NÖSBERGER, J.
AU  - LONG, S. P.
T1  - Is stimulation of leaf photosynthesis by elevated carbon dioxide concentration maintained in the long term? A test with Lolium perenne grown for 10 years at two nitrogen fertilization levels under F ree A ir C O2 E nrichment (FACE).
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 26
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
EP  - 714
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - ABSTRACT Photosynthesis is commonly stimulated in grasslands with experimental increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2 ]), a physiological response that could significantly alter the future carbon cycle if it persists in the long term. Yet an acclimation of photosynthetic capacity suggested by theoretical models and short-term experiments could completely remove this effect of CO2 . Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. cv. Bastion) was grown under an elevated [CO2 ] of 600 µ mol mol-1 for 10 years using F ree A ir C O2 E nrichment (FACE ), with two contrasting nitrogen levels and abrupt changes in the source : sink ratio following periodic harvests. More than 3000 measurements characterized the response of leaf photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to elevated [CO2 ] across each growing season for the duration of the experiment. Over the 10 years as a whole, growth at elevated [CO2 ] resulted in a 43% higher rate of light-saturated leaf photosynthesis and a 36% increase in daily integral of leaf CO2 uptake. Photosynthetic stimulation was maintained despite a 30% decrease in stomatal conductance and significant decreases in both the apparent, maximum carboxylation velocity (V c,max ) and the maximum rate of electron transport (J max ). Immediately prior to the periodic (every 4–8 weeks) cuts of the L. perenne stands, V c,max and J max, were significantly lower in elevated than in ambient [CO2 ] in the low-nitrogen treatment. This difference was smaller after the cut, suggesting a dependence upon the balance between the sources and sinks for carbon. In contrast with theoretical expectations and the results of shorter duration experiments, the present results provide no significant change in photosynthetic stimulation across a 10-year period, nor greater acclimation in V c,max and J max in the later years in either nitrogen treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Lolium perenne
KW  - atmospheric change
KW  - Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment
KW  - global change
KW  - meta-analysis
KW  - Pasture grass
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - Rubisco
N1  - Accession Number: 9732523; AINSWORTH, E. A. 1; DAVEY, P. A. 2; HYMUS, G. J. 3; OSBORNE, C. P. 4; ROGERS, A. 5; BLUM, H. 6; NÖSBERGER, J. 6; LONG, S. P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Departments of Crop Sciences and of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA,; 2: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK,; 3: Department of Forest Sciences and Resources, University of Tuscia, via S Camillo De Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy,; 4: Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK,; 5: Department of Environmental Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973–5000, USA and; 6: Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 8092 Zürich Switzerland; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 26 Issue 5, p705; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Lolium perenne; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: meta-analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pasture grass; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.01007.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lepper, Kenneth
AU  - Wilson, Cathy
AU  - Gardner, Jamie
AU  - Reneau, Steven
AU  - Lavine, Alexis
T1  - Comparison of SAR techniques for luminescence dating of sediments derived from volcanic tuff
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 10-13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1131
SN  - 02773791
AB  - In this investigation we evaluate several proposed optically stimulated luminescence single-aliquot regeneration (OSL SAR) procedures to determine which technique has the greatest potential to yield accurate ages for samples collected from tuff-derived alluvial sediments within the narrow, sharply incised canyon systems of the Pajarito Plateau of northern New Mexico. The SAR data collection methods evaluated are: infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL), post-IR blue-OSL, IRSL with TL annealing cycles on polymineral fine-grains, and blue-OSL on quartz fine sand. A single-grain laser luminescence (SGLL) procedure for quartz sand is also evaluated. Age estimates obtained from these methods are compared with radiocarbon, soil PDI (profile development index), and IRSL multi-aliquot additive dose (MAAD) age constraints. Our results indicate that the modal <f>De</f> of quartz sand SGLL dose distributions yield ages that are consistent with radiocarbon and PDI age constraints for the tuff derived sediments in this investigation and appears to be the most promising method for studies in this area. Additionally, two fine-grained polymineral methods, IRSL SAR and traditional IRSL MAAD, produced ages that were generally in agreement with the SGLL ages and with available 14C and PDI age constraints. At the present stage of research, we advocate using quartz sand SGLL in conjunction with IRSL SAR or even IRSL MAAD for polymineral fine-grains to provide the most robust and reliable luminescence age data sets for tuff-derived sediments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Science Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICALLY stimulated luminescence dating
KW  - ALLUVIUM
KW  - PAJARITO Plateau (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 9661521; Lepper, Kenneth 1; Email Address: lepper@lanl.gov Wilson, Cathy 1 Gardner, Jamie 2 Reneau, Steven 2 Lavine, Alexis 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Dynamics Group, Luminescence Geochronology Lab, Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-2 MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA  2: Environmental Geology & Risk Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-9 MS D462, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 22 Issue 10-13, p1131; Subject Term: OPTICALLY stimulated luminescence dating; Subject Term: ALLUVIUM; Subject Term: PAJARITO Plateau (N.M.); Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00063-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
AU  - Knoll, D. A.
T1  - Reconnection in the Solar Corona: Role of the Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability.
JO  - Solar Physics
JF  - Solar Physics
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 214
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
EP  - 129
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00380938
AB  - We consider the stability of current sheets where a normal component of the field is present. It is well known that reconnection in such systems progresses orders of magnitude too slow to explain observations, even when full kinetic models are used. We consider here a new possible mechanism for fast reconnection in such systems. We consider the effect of the possible presence of velocity shear that can drive the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI). The effect of the KHI is shown to convert shear flow into compression flow that drives reconnection. Three scaling effects can be discerned in the simulations. First, the reconnection rate is directly controlled by the driving mechanism which is provided by the KHI. The result of this new mechanism is that fast reconnection can be achieved even in absence of anomalous resistivity. Second, the effect of varying the initial sheared flow along the main magnetic field direction enhances the reconnection process. Finally, the reconnection rate is insensitive to the value of resistivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC reconnection
KW  - SOLAR corona
KW  - SHEAR flow
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16859219; Lapenta, Giovanni 1 Knoll, D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 214 Issue 1, p107; Subject Term: MAGNETIC reconnection; Subject Term: SOLAR corona; Subject Term: SHEAR flow; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewis, R.A.
AU  - Wang, Y.-J.
T1  - Zeeman spectroscopy of the Zn acceptor in InP
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 126
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Magneto-spectroscopy to 17.5 T of the Zn acceptor impurity in InP in the Faraday configuration using unpolarised radiation is reported. Four components of the G line have been followed to higher fields than previously, allowing the <f>g</f> factors of the ground and the first excited states to be determined more reliably. The Zeeman splitting of the D line is reported—three principal components are evident. A hitherto unreported third series of Zeeman transitions is observed at energies just above the reststrahlen band. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ZEEMAN effect
KW  - 78.20.Ls
KW  - A. Semiconductors
KW  - C. Impurities in semiconductors
KW  - D. Electronic states (localized)
KW  - E. Light absorption and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 9401663; Lewis, R.A. 1; Email Address: roger@uow.edu.au Wang, Y.-J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 126 Issue 5, p275; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ZEEMAN effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.20.Ls; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Impurities in semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electronic states (localized); Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Light absorption and reflection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00104-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kupka, Teobald
AU  - Ruscic, Branko
AU  - Botto, Robert E.
T1  - Hartree–Fock and density functional complete basis-set (CBS) predicted nuclear shielding anisotropy and shielding tensor components
JO  - Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 09262040
AB  - The nuclear shielding anisotropy and shielding tensor components calculated using the hybrid density functional B3PW91 are reported for a model set of compounds comprised of N2, NH3, CH4, C2H4, HCN and CH3CN. An estimation of density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree–Fock complete basis-set limit (CBS) parameters from a 2 (3) point exact fit vs. least-squares fit was obtained with the cc-pVxZ and aug-cc-pVxZ basis sets (x=D, T, Q, 5, 6). Both Hartree–Fock- and DFT-predicted CBS shielding anisotropies and shielding tensor components of the model molecules were in reasonable agreement with available experimental data. The utility of using a limited CBS approach for calculating accurate anisotropic shielding parameters of larger molecules as complementary methods to solid-state NMR is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - CBS
KW  - DFT and RHF
KW  - GIAO
KW  - Solid-state NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 9808970; Kupka, Teobald 1 Ruscic, Branko 1 Botto, Robert E.; Email Address: rbotto@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p145; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Author-Supplied Keyword: CBS; Author-Supplied Keyword: DFT and RHF; Author-Supplied Keyword: GIAO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state NMR; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0926-2040(02)00020-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Kitty W.
AU  - Chung, Yip-Wah
AU  - Chan, C.Y.
AU  - Bello, I.
AU  - Lee, S.T.
AU  - Karimi, Ayatollah
AU  - Patscheider, Joerg
AU  - Delplancke-Ogletree, M.P.
AU  - Yang, Dehua
AU  - Boyce, Brad
AU  - Buchheit, Thomas
T1  - An international round-robin experiment to evaluate the consistency of nanoindentation hardness measurements of thin films
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 02578972
AB  - We conducted an international round-robin experiment to determine the consistency of nanoindentation hardness measurements of thin films among six different laboratories, using three different samples. These samples were chosen to present a challenge of indenting at small loads (μN range). They were: 250-nm-thick TiNx, 700-nm-thick TiC, and 500-nm-thick TiB2/TiC multilayer coatings (each layer being 3-nm thick), prepared at Northwestern University using magnetron sputtering on silicon (0 0 1) substrates. Each research team was free to use whatever nanoindentor and analysis methods at its disposal. This round-robin experiment demonstrates that for the hardness range of interest (15–35 GPa) and using well-documented procedures and analysis methods, the reported results from all laboratories are essentially the same, allowing for a statistical spread of approximately ±14%. For consistent hardness measurements, four precautions must be observed: (i) proper tip-area function calibration, (ii) using sharp indenters, (iii) performing nanoindentation measurements with minimal thermal drift and with drift correction, (iv) using smooth samples, and (v) measuring the full hardness–maximum penetration curve. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNETRONS
KW  - Magnetron sputtering
KW  - Nanoindentation hardness
KW  - Round-robin experiment
N1  - Accession Number: 9445756; Lee, Kitty W. 1 Chung, Yip-Wah 1; Email Address: ywchung@northwestern.edu Chan, C.Y. 2 Bello, I. 2 Lee, S.T. 2 Karimi, Ayatollah 3 Patscheider, Joerg 4 Delplancke-Ogletree, M.P. 5 Yang, Dehua 6 Boyce, Brad 7 Buchheit, Thomas 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Center Of Super Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China  3: Department of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland  4: Department of Surface and Joining Technology, EMPA (Swiss Federal Laboratory for Materials Testing and Research), Ueberlandstr. 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland  5: Industrial Chemistry CP 165/63, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Av F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium  6: Hysitron Inc., 5251 West 73rd Street, Minneapolis, MN 55439, USA  7: Department 1835/MS 0889, Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 168 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNETRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetron sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Round-robin experiment; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00889-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Beetz, Tobias
AU  - Feser, Michael
AU  - Fleckenstein, Holger
AU  - Hornberger, Benjamin
AU  - Jacobsen, Chris
AU  - Kirz, Janos
AU  - Lerotic, Mirna
AU  - Lima, Enju
AU  - Ming Lu
AU  - Sayre, David
AU  - Shapiro, David
AU  - Stein, Aaron
AU  - Tennant, Don
AU  - Wirick, Sue
T1  - Soft X-ray Microscopy at the NSLS.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/05//May/Jun2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Report
SP  - 11
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Reports on the soft X-ray microscopy at the National Synchrotron Light Source in Berkeley, California.  Spectromicroscopy and phase contrast; Far-field pattern of a non-crystalline specimen; Importance of high-brightness synchrotron radiation sources.
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - BERKELEY (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 10882456; Beetz, Tobias 1 Feser, Michael 1 Fleckenstein, Holger 1 Hornberger, Benjamin 1 Jacobsen, Chris 1 Kirz, Janos 1 Lerotic, Mirna 1 Lima, Enju 1 Ming Lu 1 Sayre, David 1 Shapiro, David 1 Stein, Aaron 2 Tennant, Don 3 Wirick, Sue 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Stony Brook University  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory  3: New Jersey Nanotechnology Consortium; Source Info: May/Jun2003, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p11; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: BERKELEY (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Denbeaux, Gregory
AU  - Fischer, Peter
AU  - Schneider, Gerd
AU  - Liddle, J. Alexander
AU  - Anderson, Erik
AU  - Pearson, Angelic
AU  - Weilun Chao
AU  - Larabell, Carolyn
AU  - Le Gros, Mark
AU  - Attwood, David
T1  - Full-field Soft X-ray Microscopy at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/05//May/Jun2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Part I.  Describes the features of the full-field soft x-ray microscope at the Advanced Light Source in Berkeley, California.  Microscopic resolution of the system; Magnetic imaging in low-dimensional systems; Material science in the application field of high-resolution X-ray microscopy.
KW  - X-ray microscopes
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - BERKELEY (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 10882457; Denbeaux, Gregory 1 Fischer, Peter 2 Schneider, Gerd 1 Liddle, J. Alexander 1 Anderson, Erik 1 Pearson, Angelic 1 Weilun Chao 1 Larabell, Carolyn 3,4 Le Gros, Mark 5 Attwood, David 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  2: Max-Planck-Institute for Metals Research  3: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  4: Department of Anatomy, University of California  5: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: May/Jun2003, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: X-ray microscopes; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: BERKELEY (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warwick, Tony
AU  - Ade, Harald
AU  - Fakra, Sirine
AU  - Gilles, Mary
AU  - Hitchcock, Adam
AU  - Kilcoyne, David
AU  - Shuh, David
AU  - Tyliszczak, Tolek
T1  - Further Development of Soft X-ray Scanning Microscopy with an Elliptical Undulator at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/05//May/Jun2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Part II.  Discusses the development of soft X-ray scanning microscope with an elliptical undulator at a microscopy facility in Berkeley, California.  Beam line capabilities of the microscope; Room temperature operations of the microscope; Research programs in polymer chemistry, environmental chemistry and material science.
KW  - X-ray microscopes
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - BERKELEY (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 10882458; Warwick, Tony 1 Ade, Harald 2 Fakra, Sirine 1 Gilles, Mary 1 Hitchcock, Adam 3 Kilcoyne, David 2 Shuh, David 1 Tyliszczak, Tolek 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  2: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University  3: Brockhouse Inst. Mtrls. Res., McMaster University; Source Info: May/Jun2003, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p22; Subject Term: X-ray microscopes; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: BERKELEY (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ade, H.
AU  - Hitchcock, A.P.
AU  - Mitchell, G.E.
AU  - Kilcoyne, A.L.D.
AU  - Tyliszczak, T.
AU  - Fink, R.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Applications with the Dedicated polymer Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscope at ALS Beamline 5.3.2.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/05//May/Jun2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Examines the applications with the dedicated polymer scanning transmission X-ray microscope facility in Berkeley, California.  Organic-inorganic nanocomposites; Chemical mapping of core-shell microspheres and microcapsules; Growth and morphology of organic thin films.
KW  - X-ray microscopes
KW  - BEAM optics
N1  - Accession Number: 10882464; Ade, H. 1 Hitchcock, A.P. 2 Mitchell, G.E. 3 Kilcoyne, A.L.D. 1 Tyliszczak, T. 4 Fink, R. 5 Warwick, T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University  2: Brockhouse Institute of Materials Research, McMaster University  3: Dow Chemical  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  5: University of Erlangen; Source Info: May/Jun2003, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p53; Subject Term: X-ray microscopes; Subject Term: BEAM optics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans-Lutterodt, Kenneth
AU  - Stein, Aaron
AU  - Ablett, James M.
AU  - Chi-Chang Kao
AU  - Tennant, Don M.
AU  - Klemens, Fred
AU  - Taylor, Ashley
AU  - Jacobsen, Chris
AU  - Gammel, Peter L.
AU  - Huggins, Harold
AU  - Ustin, Scott
AU  - Bogart, Greg
AU  - Ocola, Leo
T1  - From Lighthouse to Synchrontron Lightsource: Hard X-ray Micro-Optics.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/05//May/Jun2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Focuses on the development and application of hard X-ray micro-optics.  Increase in the demand for materials characterization with high spatial resolution; Phase-change and absorption of electromagnetic wave; Refractive behavior of the diffractive wavelength.
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 10882465; Evans-Lutterodt, Kenneth 1 Stein, Aaron 1 Ablett, James M. 1 Chi-Chang Kao 1 Tennant, Don M. 2 Klemens, Fred 2 Taylor, Ashley 2 Jacobsen, Chris 3 Gammel, Peter L. 4 Huggins, Harold 4 Ustin, Scott 4 Bogart, Greg 4 Ocola, Leo 4; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: New Jersey Nanotechnology Consortium  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy  4: Agere Systems; Source Info: May/Jun2003, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p60; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rockett, A.
AU  - Liao, D.
AU  - Heath, J.T.
AU  - Cohen, J.D.
AU  - Strzhemechny, Y.M.
AU  - Brillson, L.J.
AU  - Ramanathan, K.
AU  - Shafarman, W.N.
T1  - Near-surface defect distributions in Cu(In,Ga)Se2
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 431/432
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The density and distribution of point defects in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) layers used for solar cell applications is critical to the resulting device performance. These devices are generally thought to be limited by recombination in the space-charge region of the collecting heterojunction. The situation is complicated by the presumed presence of an n-type surface layer on the CIGS absorber. Both the surface inversion and space-charge recombination processes are intimately tied to near-surface point defects. Here, we overview recent results on surface chemistry, transient photocapacitance spectroscopy (TPC) and depth-resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) for polycrystalline device layers from two laboratories, and single crystal epitaxial layers of three orientations. The results are combined with device modeling to provide a picture of the near-surface defect structures in these materials. The TPC results show deep defect levels ∼0.7 and 0.9 eV above the valence band. CL shows evidence of subgap radiative recombination, which increases dramatically near the sample surfaces. The results point to a near-surface Cd-containing layer, which could be responsible for the surface carrier type inversion, a near-surface region containing an elevated defect density, possibly near the valence band edge, and deep hole traps near the conduction band. Implementation of the results in a device model provides reasonable fits to the device performances. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Cathodoluminescence
KW  - Defects
KW  - Spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9920743; Rockett, A. 1; Email Address: arockett@uiuc.edu Liao, D. 1 Heath, J.T. 2 Cohen, J.D. 2 Strzhemechny, Y.M. 3 Brillson, L.J. 3 Ramanathan, K. 4 Shafarman, W.N. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  5: Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 431/432, p301; Subject Term: CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathodoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00148-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - List, George F.
AU  - Wood, Bryan
AU  - Nozick, Linda K.
AU  - Turnquist, Mark A.
AU  - Jones, Dean A.
AU  - Kjeldgaard, Edwin A.
AU  - Lawton, Craig R.
T1  - Robust optimization for fleet planning under uncertainty
JO  - Transportation Research: Part E
JF  - Transportation Research: Part E
Y1  - 2003/05//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 13665545
AB  - We create a formulation and a solution procedure for fleet sizing under uncertainty in future demands and operating conditions. The formulation focuses on robust optimization, using a partial moment measure of risk. This risk measure is incorporated into the expected recourse function of a two-stage stochastic programming formulation, and stochastic decomposition is used as a solution procedure. A numerical example illustrates the importance of including uncertainty in the fleet sizing problem formulation, and the nature of the fundamental tradeoff between acquiring more vehicles and accepting the risk of potentially high costs if insufficient resources are available. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Research: Part E is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLEET aircraft
KW  - STOCHASTIC programming
KW  - Fleet sizing
KW  - Robust optimization
KW  - Stochastic decomposition
KW  - Stochastic optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 9193373; List, George F. 1 Wood, Bryan 1 Nozick, Linda K. 2 Turnquist, Mark A. 2; Email Address: mat14@cornell.edu Jones, Dean A. 3 Kjeldgaard, Edwin A. 3 Lawton, Craig R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA  2: School of Civil & Environmental engineering, Cornell University, Holister Hal, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p209; Subject Term: FLEET aircraft; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fleet sizing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Robust optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic optimization; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1366-5545(02)00026-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quinn, Helen R.
AU  - Witherell, Michael S.
T1  - the asymmetry between MATTER and ANTI-MATTER.
JO  - Scientific American Special Edition
JF  - Scientific American Special Edition
Y1  - 2003/05/02/May2003 Special Edition
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 67
PB  - Scientific American
SN  - 15512991
AB  - Theorists believe that the excess of matter comes from fundamental disparities in how matter and antimatter behave.  These differences amount to violations of a symmetry called charge-parity reversal, or CP.  After years of effort, experimental and theoretical physicists have found a natural way for CP symmetry to be broken within the prevailing theory of particle physics, called the Standard Model.  Two accelerators in California and in Japan have begun to probe violations of CP, with the aim of understanding whether the Standard Model needs to be revamped or replaced.  Aspects of the theory that involve the Higgs particle are all untested.  The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the European laboratory for particle physics, will allow the Higgs to be observed if its properties are as predicted by the Standard Model.  INSETS: PARTICLES OF THE STANDARD MODEL;REVERSAL OF CHARGE AND PARITY.
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10690607; Quinn, Helen R. 1 Witherell, Michael S. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Staff scientist at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center  2: Director of Fermilab since 1999  3: Elected to the National Academy of Sciences; Source Info: May2003 Special Edition, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p60; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4316
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babikov, D.
AU  - Kendrick, B.K.
AU  - Walker, R.B.
AU  - Schinke, R.
AU  - Pack, R.T
T1  - Quantum origin of an anomalous isotope effect in ozone formation
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/05/06/
VL  - 372
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 686
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Accurate quantum mechanical calculations of the <f>(J=0)</f> energies and lifetimes of the metastable states of ozone on a new, accurate potential energy surface are reported. These are very relevant to a famous anomalous isotope effect in the reaction that forms ozone because of their role in the energy transfer mechanism, in which metastable ro-vibrational states of ozone are formed and then stabilized by collisions with a third body. The resulting spectrum of metastable states is very dense below the delta zero-point energy threshold and sparse above it. This gives a clear qualitative explanation of why the effect occurs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - OZONE
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 9656799; Babikov, D.; Email Address: babikov@lanl.gov Kendrick, B.K. 1 Walker, R.B. 1 Schinke, R. Pack, R.T 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Mail Stop B268, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 372 Issue 5/6, p686; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00479-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sigman
AU  - M. E.
AU  - Read
AU  - S.
AU  - Barbas
AU  - J. T.
AU  - Ivanov
AU  - I.
AU  - Hagaman
AU  - E. W.
AU  - Buchanan
AU  - A. C.
AU  - Dabestani
AU  - R.
AU  - Kidder
AU  - M. K.
AU  - Britt
AU  - P. F.
T1  - Rapid Molecular Motion of Pyrene and Benzene Moieties Covalently Attached to Silica Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3450
EP  - 3456
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Remarkably large rotational diffusion rates have been determined for silica-attached 1-pyrene at the solid/air interface through time-dependent fluorescence anisotropy measurements. Diffusion rates D|| and D⊥ were determined to be 4 × 106 and 2 × 106 s-1, respectively, by treating the motion of the attached moiety as an oblate ellipsoid of rotation. 13C NMR measurements on solid, silica-attached benzene-1-13C, acquired using conventional solution NMR methods, gave remarkable, high-resolution spectra. A lower limit for the rate of phenyl group motion was estimated to be 1.5 × 105 s-1, consistent with the fluorescence anisotropy data measured for silica-attached 1-pyrene. Molecular mechanics models for phenyl attached to representative silanol surfaces predict rotational barriers for phenyl rotations in the 2-5 kcal/mol range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - PYRENE (Chemical)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 12072241; Sigman M. E. 1 Read S. 1 Barbas J. T. 1 Ivanov I. 1 Hagaman E. W. 1 Buchanan A. C. Dabestani R. 1 Kidder M. K. 1 Britt P. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 18, p3450; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: PYRENE (Chemical); Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dalal
AU  - N. S.
AU  - Pierce
AU  - K. L.
AU  - Palomar
AU  - J.
AU  - Fu
AU  - R.
T1  - Single-Crystal Magic-Angle Spinning 17O NMR and Theoretical Studies of the Antiferroelectric Phase Transition in Squaric Acid.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3471
EP  - 3475
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We report resolution-enhanced magic-angle sample spinning (MAS) 17O NMR studies of the paraelectric-antiferroelectric phase transition (at TC = 373 K) of the model hydrogen-bonded compound squaric acid (H2C4O4). Utilization of single crystals in the MAS measurements yielded a factor of 4 decrease in the 17O NMR line widths, as compared to powder samples. All four oxygens were clearly shown to be chemically different at T < TC. This was akin to 13C spectra, but the 17O peaks are much more dispersed. The peak assignment was supported by quantum theoretical calculations of the 17O isotropic chemical shifts using a pentamer model of the crystal structure below TC. On raising the temperature, the four peaks merged and became a narrow doublet above TC, in contrast to a singlet for 13C. Also, the mean position of the doublet was not the average of the four low-temperature peaks. This observation suggests that the phase transition involves a distortion of the whole H2C4O4 framework, and not just the order-disorder rearrangement of the H's i.e., future models of the transition should include a displacive component, in addition to an order-disorder part. The observation of the doublet at T > TC implies that the two O-H...O chains retain their difference in the paraelectric phase as well. This is consistent with the one-dimensional Ising chain model, according to which the SQA lattice should be visualized as a mesh of two distinct and orthogonal one-dimensional chains, in contrast to the more prevalent two-dimensional C4O4 square-lattice model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12072243; Dalal N. S. 1 Pierce K. L. 1 Palomar J. 1 Fu R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, and Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 18, p3471; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Havecker
AU  - M.
AU  - Mayer
AU  - R. W.
AU  - Knop-Gericke
AU  - A.
AU  - Bluhm
AU  - H.
AU  - Kleimenov
AU  - E.
AU  - Liskowski
AU  - Su
AU  - D.
AU  - Follath
AU  - R.
AU  - Requejo
AU  - F. G.
AU  - Ogletree
AU  - D. F.
AU  - Salmeron
T1  - In Situ Investigation of the Nature of the Active Surface of a Vanadyl Pyrophosphate Catalyst during n-Butane Oxidation to Maleic Anhydride.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/05/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4587
EP  - 4596
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been applied to study the active surface of vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) catalysts in the course of the oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride (MA). The V L3 near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) of VPO is related to the details of the bonding between the central vanadium atom and the surrounding oxygen atoms. Reversible changes of the NEXAFS were observed when going from room temperature to the reaction conditions. These changes are interpreted as dynamic rearrangements of the VPO surface, and the structural rearrangements are related to the catalytic activity of the material that was verified by proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). The physical origin of the variation of the NEXAFS is discussed and a tentative assignment to specific V-O bonds in the VPO structure is given. In situ XPS investigations were used to elucidate the surface electronic conductivity and to probe the ground state of the NEXAFS spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - BUTANE
KW  - ANHYDRIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 12072732; Havecker M. 1 Mayer R. W. 1 Knop-Gericke A. 1 Bluhm H. 1 Kleimenov E. 1 Liskowski Su D. 1 Follath R. 1 Requejo F. G. 1 Ogletree D. F. 1 Salmeron; Affiliation:  1: Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Cardiff University, P. O. Box 912, Cardiff CF10 3TB, United Kingdom, Berliner Elektronenspeicherringgesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung (BESSY), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 18, p4587; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: BUTANE; Subject Term: ANHYDRIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeng
AU  - R.
AU  - van Tol
AU  - J.
AU  - Deal
AU  - A.
AU  - Frank
AU  - H. A.
AU  - Budil
AU  - D. E.
T1  - Temperature Dependence of the Primary Donor Triplet State <BO>g</BO>-Tensor in Photosynthetic Reaction Centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26 Observed by Transient 240 GHz Electron Paramagnetic Resonance.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/05/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4624
EP  - 4631
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report time-resolved 240 GHz EPR spectra of the primary donor triplet state 3P from photosynthetic reaction centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides R26.1 as a function of temperature in the range 10-230 K. The data allow the determination of the principal <BO>g</BO>-tensor values and the principal axes directions of the 3P <BO>g</BO>-tensor with respect to its zero-field axes. The <BO>g</BO>-tensor measured at 240 GHz differs appreciably from previous measurements of 3P at lower frequencies and also differs from that of the cation radical state P+, which has previously been characterized at high frequencies. In contrast to P+, the 3P state exhibits significant temperature dependence in its <BO>g</BO>-tensor, particularly in the directions of the principal axes, which appear to rotate by about 30° around the x principal axis over the temperature range studied. The 3P yield anisotropy first observed by Boxer and co-workers at high field using photoselection methods is also evident in the high-field EPR spectrum as a significant variation of intensity across the spectrum. This variation is analyzed in terms of two models. The first model explicitly includes the evolution of the precursor radical pair but leads to significant ambiguities in the assignment of radical pair structural parameters. The second model utilizes only two ad hoc parameters to account for the yield anisotropy, which greatly reduces fitting parameter correlations and improves the accuracy and reliability with which the 3P magnetic parameters are determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - RELIABILITY (Personality trait)
N1  - Accession Number: 12072737; Zeng R. 1 van Tol J. 1 Deal A. 1 Frank H. A. 1 Budil D. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston Massachusetts 02115, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, and Department of Chemistry, U-3060, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 18, p4624; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Personality trait); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de la Figuera, J.
AU  - Carter, C.B.
AU  - Bartelt, N.C.
AU  - Hwang, R.Q.
T1  - Interplay between gas adsorption and dislocation structure on a metal surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/05/10/
VL  - 531
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The influence of oxygen and sulfur on the dislocation patterns of the strained two monolayer Cu film on Ru was observed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Both oxygen and sulfur adsorption lead to the formation of vacancies that aggregate over existing dislocations in the film, thereby modifying the dislocation structure. With increasing adsorbate coverage the overall dislocation structure and pattern are transformed. The atomic mechanisms and general nature of this transformation can be explained in terms of generic dislocation reactions. This interpretation is also supported by atomistic simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - SURFACES (Technology) -- Defects
KW  - Atomistic dynamics
KW  - Copper
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface defects
KW  - Surface stress
N1  - Accession Number: 9545556; de la Figuera, J. 1; Email Address: juan.delafiguera@uam.es Carter, C.B. 2 Bartelt, N.C. 1 Hwang, R.Q. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 531 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology) -- Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomistic dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface stress; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00401-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adib, K.
AU  - Mullins, D.R.
AU  - Totir, G.
AU  - Camillone III, N.
AU  - Fitts, J.P.
AU  - Rim, K.T.
AU  - Flynn, G.W.
AU  - Osgood Jr., R.M.
T1  - Corrigendum to: “Dissociative adsorption of CCl4 on the Fe3O4(1 1 1)-(2 × 2) selvedge of α-Fe2O3(0 0 0 1)” [Surf. Sci. 524 (2003) 113–128]
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/05/10/
VL  - 531
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 93
SN  - 00396028
KW  - Halides
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - Molecule–solid reactions
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Thermal desorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9545562; Adib, K. 1 Mullins, D.R. 2 Totir, G. 3 Camillone III, N. 3,4 Fitts, J.P. 3 Rim, K.T. 3 Flynn, G.W. 3 Osgood Jr., R.M. 3,4; Email Address: osgood@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Program, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 531 Issue 1, p93; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecule–solid reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00390-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Santos, M. G.
AU  - Heavens, A.
AU  - Balbi, A.
AU  - Borrill, J.
AU  - Ferreira, P. G.
AU  - Hanany, S.
AU  - Jaffe, A. H.
AU  - Lee, A. T.
AU  - Rabii, B.
AU  - Richards, P. L.
AU  - Smoot, G. F.
AU  - Stompor, R.
AU  - Winant, C. D.
AU  - Wu, J. H. P.
T1  - Multiple methods for estimating the bispectrum of the cosmic microwave background with application to the MAXIMA data.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/05/11/
VL  - 341
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 623
EP  - 643
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - ABSTRACT We describe different methods for estimating the bispectrum of cosmic microwave background data. In particular, we construct a minimum-variance estimator for the flat-sky limit and compare results with previously studied frequentist methods. Application to the MAXIMA data set shows consistency with primordial Gaussianity. Weak quadratic non-Gaussianity is characterized by a tunable parameter f[sub NL] , corresponding to non-Gaussianity at a level of ∼10[sup -5]f[sub NL] (the ratio of non-Gaussian to Gaussian terms), and we find limits of f[sub NL]= 1500 ± 950 for the minimum-variance estimator and f[sub NL]= 2700 ± 1650 for the usual frequentist estimator. These are the tightest limits on primordial non-Gaussianity, which include the full effects of the radiation transfer function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - cosmic microwave background
KW  - early Universe
KW  - methods: data analysis
KW  - methods: statistical
N1  - Accession Number: 9705938; Santos, M. G. 1 Heavens, A. 2 Balbi, A. 3 Borrill, J. 4 Ferreira, P. G. 1 Hanany, S. 5 Jaffe, A. H. 6 Lee, A. T. 5 Rabii, B. 5 Richards, P. L. 5 Smoot, G. F. 5 Stompor, R. 4 Winant, C. D. 5 Wu, J. H. P. 7; Affiliation:  1: Astrophysics & Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH  2: Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ  3: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Tor Vergata, Roma, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, I-00133 Roma, Italy  4: National Energy Research Scientific Computing Centre, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Center for Particle Astrophysics, 301 Le Conte Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7304, USA  6: Astrophysics Group, Blackett laboratory, Prince Consort Road, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW  7: Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Source Info: 5/11/2003, Vol. 341 Issue 2, p623; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmic microwave background; Author-Supplied Keyword: early Universe; Author-Supplied Keyword: methods: data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: methods: statistical; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06438.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnstone, C.
AU  - Koscielniak, S.
T1  - FFAGS for rapid acceleration
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05/11/
VL  - 503
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 01689002
AB  - When large transverse and longitudinal emittances are to be transported through a circular machine, extremely rapid acceleration holds the advantage that the beam becomes immune to nonlinear resonances because there is insufficient time for amplitudes to build up. Uncooled muon beams exhibit large emittances and require fast acceleration to avoid decay losses and would benefit from this style of acceleration. The approach here employs a fixed-field alternating gradient or FFAG magnet structure and a fixed-frequency acceleration system. Acceptance is enhanced by the use only of linear lattice elements, and fixed-frequency rf enables the use of cavities with large shunt resistance and quality factor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO astrophysics
KW  - MUONS
KW  - SCATTERING
KW  - Muon acceleration
KW  - Neutrino factory
KW  - Nonscaling FFAG
N1  - Accession Number: 9792191; Johnstone, C. 1; Email Address: cjj@fnal.gov Koscielniak, S. 2; Email Address: shane@triumf.ca; Affiliation:  1: FNAL, Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 3, p445; Subject Term: NEUTRINO astrophysics; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon acceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonscaling FFAG; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00997-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semertzidis, Yannis K.
AU  - Bennett, Gerald
AU  - Efstathiadis, Efstratios
AU  - Krienen, Frank
AU  - Larsen, Richard
AU  - Lee, Y.Y.
AU  - Morse, William M.
AU  - Orlov, Yuri
AU  - Ozben, Cenap S.
AU  - Roberts, B. Lee
AU  - Snydstrup, Louis P.
AU  - Warburton, David S.
T1  - The Brookhaven muon <f>(g−2)</f> storage ring high voltage quadrupoles
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05/11/
VL  - 503
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 458
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The design, construction, and operation of the electrostatic quadrupoles used in the muon <f>(g−2)</f> experiment E821 of BNL are described in detail. A new lead design allowed the construction of a very reliable system which could operate for hundreds of thousands pulses with no sparking. The new design also made possible the elimination of systematic errors associated with the <f>E</f>, <f>B</f> fields generated by the low energy trapped electrons present in Penning traps under medium vacuum conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - Detection of axial frequency of trapped electrons
KW  - Electrostatic quadrupoles
KW  - Muon <f>(g−2)</f>
KW  - Storage rings
N1  - Accession Number: 9792192; Semertzidis, Yannis K. 1; Email Address: semertzidis@bnl.gov Bennett, Gerald 1 Efstathiadis, Efstratios 2 Krienen, Frank 2 Larsen, Richard 1 Lee, Y.Y. 1 Morse, William M. 1 Orlov, Yuri 3 Ozben, Cenap S. 1 Roberts, B. Lee 2 Snydstrup, Louis P. 1 Warburton, David S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  3: Newman Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 3, p458; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection of axial frequency of trapped electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrostatic quadrupoles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon <f>(g−2)</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage rings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00999-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mecking, B.A.
AU  - Adams, G.
AU  - Ahmad, S.
AU  - Anciant, E.
AU  - Anghinolfi, M.
AU  - Asavapibhop, B.
AU  - Asryan, G.
AU  - Audit, G.
AU  - Auger, T.
AU  - Avakian, H.
AU  - Ball, J.P.
AU  - Barbosa, F.J.
AU  - Barrow, S.
AU  - Battaglieri, M.
AU  - Beard, K.
AU  - Berman, B.L.
AU  - Bianchi, N.
AU  - Boiarinov, S.
AU  - Bonneau, P.
AU  - Briscoe, W.J.
T1  - The CEBAF large acceptance spectrometer (CLAS)
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05/11/
VL  - 503
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The CEBAF large acceptance spectrometer (CLAS) is used to study photo- and electro-induced nuclear and hadronic reactions by providing efficient detection of neutral and charged particles over a good fraction of the full solid angle. A collaboration of about 30 institutions has designed, assembled, and commissioned CLAS in Hall B at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The CLAS detector is based on a novel six-coil toroidal magnet which provides a largely azimuthal field distribution. Trajectory reconstruction using drift chambers results in a momentum resolution of 0.5% at forward angles. Cherenkov counters, time-of-flight scintillators, and electromagnetic calorimeters provide good particle identification. Fast triggering and high data-acquisition rates allow operation at a luminosity of <f>1034 nucleon cm−2 s−1</f>. These capabilities are being used in a broad experimental program to study the structure and interactions of mesons, nucleons, and nuclei using polarized and unpolarized electron and photon beams and targets. This paper is a comprehensive and general description of the design, construction and performance of CLAS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC spectrometer
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - CLAS
KW  - Electromagnetic physics
KW  - JLab
KW  - Large acceptance
KW  - Magnetic spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 9792196; Mecking, B.A. 1 Adams, G. 2 Ahmad, S. 3 Anciant, E. 4 Anghinolfi, M. 5 Asavapibhop, B. 6 Asryan, G. 7 Audit, G. 4 Auger, T. 4 Avakian, H. 1,8 Ball, J.P. 9 Barbosa, F.J. 1 Barrow, S. 10 Battaglieri, M. 5 Beard, K. 11,12 Berman, B.L. 13 Bianchi, N. 8 Boiarinov, S. 1 Bonneau, P. 1 Briscoe, W.J. 13; Affiliation:  1: Jefferson Laboratory, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Ave., Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA  3: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA  4: CEA-Saclay, Service de Physique Nucléaire, F91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France  5: INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy  6: University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA  7: Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia  8: INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy  9: Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA  10: Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  11: James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA  12: College of Willliam and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA  13: The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 3, p513; Subject Term: MAGNETIC spectrometer; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: CLAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: JLab; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large acceptance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic spectrometer; Number of Pages: 41p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01001-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plum, M.A.
AU  - Bravin, E.
AU  - Bosser, J.
AU  - Maccaferri, R.
T1  - Erratum to “<f>N2</f> and Xe gas scintillation cross-section, spectrum, and lifetime measurements from <f>50 MeV</f> to <f>25 GeV</f> at the CERN PS and Booster”: [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 492 (2002) 74]
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05/11/
VL  - 503
IS  - 3
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 659
SN  - 01689002
N1  - Accession Number: 9792208; Plum, M.A. 1; Email Address: plum@lanl.gov Bravin, E. 2 Bosser, J. 2 Maccaferri, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), MS H838, SNS-DO, 87544 Los Alamos, NM 87454, USA  2: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 503 Issue 3, p659; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00996-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Landa, Alex
AU  - Söderlind, Per
T1  - Stability of δ-Pu alloys from first-principles theory
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2003/05/12/
VL  - 354
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 09258388
AB  - It has been proposed [Phys. Rev. B 66 (2002) 205109] that δ-Pu is stabilized at higher temperatures by magnetic interactions driving a disordered magnetic state. At lower temperatures, however, the magnetic moments are expected to align in an antiferromagnetic fashion which has been shown to destabilize δ-Pu mechanically. Consequently, δ-Pu is unstable below about 600 K but can be stabilized at lower temperatures when alloyed with a small amount of a suitable ‘δ-Pu stabilizer’. Here we explain this stabilizing effect in terms of the balance between ordered and disordered magnetism and how this balance is offset by the addition of an alloying component. For this purpose we have applied density functional theory (DFT), implemented in the Korringa–Kohn–Rostocker (KKR) method within the Green’s function formalism. The effect of magnetic moment disorder as well as compositional disorder was treated by means of the coherent potential approximation (CPA) implemented, in the former case, in conjunction with the disordered local moment (DLM) model. These calculations show that an alloy component larger than δ-Pu has a stabilizing effect, whereas a magnetic component that is smaller has a strongly destabilizing effect on δ-Pu. The ordered Pu<F>3</F>Al, Pu<F>3</F>Ga, Pu<F>3</F>In, and Pu<F>3</F>Tl compounds (in the Cu<F>3</F>Au structure) are all found to have negative heat of formation with calculated density close to experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM alloys
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - δ
KW  - -Pu
KW  - Magnetism
KW  - Pu-alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 9603462; Landa, Alex; Email Address: landa1@llnl.gov Söderlind, Per 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 354 Issue 1/2, p99; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM alloys; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: δ; Author-Supplied Keyword: -Pu; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pu-alloys; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00050-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weese, R.K.
AU  - Maienschein, J.L.
AU  - Perrino, C.T.
T1  - Kinetics of the β → δ solid–solid phase transition of HMX, octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/05/12/
VL  - 401
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00406031
AB  - We apply differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure the kinetics of the <F>β→δ</F> solid–solid phase transition of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine, HMX. Integration of the DSC signal gives a direct measurement of degree of conversion. Data is analyzed by first-order kinetics, the Ozawa method, and isoconversional analysis. The range of activation energies found in this work, centering around 500 kJ/mol, is much higher than previously reported values by Brill and co-workers [AIAA J. (1982)], 204 kJ/mol , and Henson et al. and Henson and co-workers [B. Henson, L. Smilowitz, B. Asay, P. Dickson, Thermodynamics of the beta to delta phase transition in PBX-9501, in: Proceedings of American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, American Institute of Physics, Atlanta, GA, 2001; L. Smilowitz, B. Henson, J. Robinson, P. Dickson, B. Asay, Kinetics of the beta to delta phase transition in PBX-9501, in: Proceedings of American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, American Institute of Physics, Atlanta, GA, 2001; P.M. Dickson, B.W. Asay, B.F. Henson, C.S. Fugard, J. Wong, Measurement of phase change and thermal decomposition kinetics during cookoff of PBX-9501, in: Proceedings of American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, American Institute of Physics, Snowbird, UT, 1999], 200 kJ/mol . We discuss possible reasons for the higher activation energies measured here but do not identify the cause. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SOLID phase extraction
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - HMX
KW  - Solid–solid phase
KW  - Transition
N1  - Accession Number: 9602215; Weese, R.K. 1; Email Address: weese2@llnl.gov Maienschein, J.L. 1 Perrino, C.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Chemistry Department, California State University at Hayward, Hayward, CA 94542, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 401 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SOLID phase extraction; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: HMX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–solid phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00050-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marin, Timothy W.
AU  - Jonah, Charles D.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
T1  - Erratum to: “Reaction of <f>OH⋅</f> radicals with <f>H2</f> in sub-critical water” [Chem. Phys. Lett. 371 (2003) 144–149]
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/05/13/
VL  - 373
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 228
SN  - 00092614
N1  - Accession Number: 9712561; Marin, Timothy W. 1 Jonah, Charles D. 1 Bartels, David M.; Email Address: bartels@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 373 Issue 1/2, p228; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00561-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roca, L.
AU  - Izquierdo, M.
AU  - Tejeda, A.
AU  - Gu, G.D.
AU  - Avila, J.
AU  - Asensio, M.C.
T1  - Matrix element effects on the Fermi surface mapping by angle resolved photoemission from Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x superconductors
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 212-213
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We report angle resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) from the Fermi energy (EF) over a large area of the reciprocal space using polarized and unpolarized synchrotron radiation light, in two particular distinctive geometries of detection from a mono-domain single crystal of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212) optimally doped. The data display a wide-ranging level of accord with previously reported ARPES results and clarify how many apparently dissimilar Fermi surface (FS) maps emerge in ARPES, under different experimental conditions. The energy and polarization dependences of the ARPES matrix elements help disentangle primary contributions from the main FS bands to the spectrum from those arising from secondary effects. The remarkable influence of the matrix elements on the ARPES intensity allows us to unravel the principal FS bands, from those robust features associated to the incommensurate superstructure modulations, as well as provide us a reliable route for separating closely placed FS sheets in low dimensional materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - Angle resolved photoemission
KW  - Bisco
KW  - Fermi surface
KW  - Matrix element
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9991266; Roca, L. 1,2 Izquierdo, M. 1,2 Tejeda, A. 1,2 Gu, G.D. 3 Avila, J. 1,2 Asensio, M.C. 1,2; Email Address: asensio@lure.u-psud.fr; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain  2: LURE, Bât 209D, Université Paris Sud, BP34-91898 Orsay Cedex, France  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 510B, Brookhaven, NY 11975-5000, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 212-213, p62; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle resolved photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bisco; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00027-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Izquierdo, M.
AU  - Roca, L.
AU  - Gu, D.G.
AU  - Avila, J.
AU  - Asensio, M.C.
T1  - Shadow bands at the Fermi surface of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x superconductors: structural or antiferromagnetic origin?
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 212-213
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
SN  - 01694332
AB  - In this paper, we report measurements on the Fermi surface (FS) topology of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212) superconductors by angle scanning photoemission spectroscopy using polarized synchrotron radiation. Our k-scanning approach allows us to record the full symmetry of the main features of the FS throughout large portions of the reciprocal space, as well as their dependence on the polarization and energy of the incident light. In the recorded two-dimensional images, we have clearly identified in addition to the principal FS and its “umklapps” replicas another bands of much smaller intensity, previously reported as “shadow FS”. The k-dependence of these bands is identical that to the principal FS, but displaced by a wave-vector (<B>π</B>, <B>π</B>). In the present study, we provide a qualitative analysis of this superstructure as well as its relationship with the structural order and the low-energy magnetic fluctuations of these compounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - Angle resolved photoemission
KW  - Bisco
KW  - Fermi surface
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9991267; Izquierdo, M. 1,2 Roca, L. 1,2 Gu, D.G. 3 Avila, J. 1,2 Asensio, M.C. 1,2; Email Address: asensio@lure.u-psud.fr; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain  2: LURE, Centre Universitaire Paris Sud, Bât 209D, BP 34-91898 Orsay Cedex, France  3: Physics Department, Building 510B, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, Long Island, NY 11975-5000, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 212-213, p67; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle resolved photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bisco; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00028-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robert Ashurst, W.
AU  - de Boer, M.P.
AU  - Carraro, C.
AU  - Maboudian, R.
T1  - An investigation of sidewall adhesion in MEMS
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 212-213
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Adhesion or stiction is a key problem in surface micromachining technology, affecting the reliability of most MEMS. To date, the quantitative analysis of the phenomenon has been limited to in-plane adhesion. Since many micromechanisms involve contacts between sidewalls, we have designed a microinstrument to measure sidewall adhesion. Here, we describe the design, modeling, results and problems encountered with this first generation of sidewall adhesion devices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Sidewall
KW  - Stiction
N1  - Accession Number: 9991406; Robert Ashurst, W. 1; Email Address: ashurbr@stiction.cchem.berkeley.edu de Boer, M.P. 2 Carraro, C. 1 Maboudian, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 212-213, p735; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sidewall; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stiction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00093-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991406&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinha, Parikhit
AU  - Hobbs, Peter V.
AU  - Yokelson, Robert J.
AU  - Christian, Ted J.
AU  - Kirchstetter, Thomas W.
AU  - Bruintjes, Roelof
T1  - Emissions of trace gases and particles from two ships in the southern Atlantic Ocean
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2139
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Measurements were made of the emissions of particles and gases from two diesel-powered ships in the southern Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Namibia. The measurements are used to derive emission factors from ships of three species not reported previously, namely, black carbon, accumulation-mode particles, and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), as well as for carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), non-methane hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and condensation nuclei. The effects of fuel grade and engine power on ship emissions are discussed. The emission factors are combined with fuel usage data to obtain estimates of global annual emissions of various particles and gases from ocean-going ships. Global emissions of black carbon, accumulation-mode particles, and CCN from ocean-going ships are estimated to be 19–26 Gg yr−1, (4.4–6.1)×1026 particles yr−1, and (1.0–1.5)×1026 particles yr−1, respectively. Black carbon emissions from ocean-going ships are ∼0.2% of total anthropogenic emissions. Emissions of NOx and SO2 from ocean-going ships are ∼10–14% and ∼3–4%, respectively, of the total emissions of these species from the burning of fossil fuels, and ∼40% and ∼70%, respectively, of the total emissions of these species from the burning of biomass. Global annual emissions of CO and CH4 from ocean-going ships are ∼2% and ∼2–5%, respectively, of natural oceanic emissions of these species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER pollution
KW  - EMISSION control
KW  - Emissions from ships
KW  - Gases from ships
KW  - Particles from ships
KW  - Pollution from ships
KW  - Ship emissions
N1  - Accession Number: 9481935; Sinha, Parikhit 1 Hobbs, Peter V. 1; Email Address: phobbs@atmos.washington.edu Yokelson, Robert J. 2 Christian, Ted J. 2 Kirchstetter, Thomas W. 3 Bruintjes, Roelof 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 1640, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Montana, Missoula, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  4: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 15, p2139; Subject Term: WATER pollution; Subject Term: EMISSION control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions from ships; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gases from ships; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particles from ships; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollution from ships; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ship emissions; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00080-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9481935&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bearinger, Jane P.
AU  - Orme, Christine A.
AU  - Gilbert, Jeremy L.
T1  - In situ imaging and impedance measurements of titanium surfaces using AFM and SPIS
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 24
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1837
SN  - 01429612
AB  - Surfaces of commercially pure titanium and titanium, 6-aluminum, 4-vanadium were subjected to simultaneous polarization/impedance testing and in situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy imaging to evaluate how the structure and properties of the passive oxide film is affected by varying potential and hydration. Current transients were acquired via a step polarization impedance spectroscopy technique: the voltage was stepped between −1 and 1 V in 50 mV increments, while current transients and surface morphology were digitally recorded. Numerical Laplace transformation applied to the current transient data provided frequency-dependent admittance (impedance−1). Simultaneous AFM imaging of dry surfaces, initially hydrated surfaces, and surfaces immersed and changing with potential revealed that all sample surfaces were covered with protective titanium oxide domes that grew in area and coalesced due to hydration and as a function of increasing applied voltage and time. Reversal of dome growth did not occur upon voltage reduction, while impedance behavior was quasi-reversible, suggesting independence between structural and electrical properties. Oxide growth appeared to occur in part by lateral spreading and overgrowth of domes at the oxide–solution interface. Interfacial impedance data reflect oxide passivity and n-type semiconductor behavior. Non-linear Mott–Schottky fits specified multi-layer donor concentrations between 1018 and 1019 cm−3, depending on the surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Electrochemical methods
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Titanium
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 9281501; Bearinger, Jane P. 1,2 Orme, Christine A. 3 Gilbert, Jeremy L. 4; Email Address: gilbert@ecs.syr.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Medical Technology Program, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Material Science, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, USA  4: Department of Bioengineering and Neuroscience, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-5290, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 24 Issue 11, p1837; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0142-9612(02)00547-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9281501&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stampfer, Martha R.
AU  - Yaswen, Paul
T1  - Human epithelial cell immortalization as a step in carcinogenesis
JO  - Cancer Letters
JF  - Cancer Letters
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 194
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 03043835
AB  - Human epithelial cells encounter two senescence barriers that enforce a limited proliferative potential. A first barrier is mediated by the retinoblastoma protein, and can be overcome by multiple types of errors, many of which are observed in human cancers. A second, extremely stringent telomere-dependent barrier, is a consequence of repression of telomerase activity. Although relieved by ectopic hTERT expression, the nature of the errors required to overcome this latter barrier during in vivo carcinogenesis have not yet been defined. Attainment of immortality and telomerase reactivation are crucial to human carcinoma development; the derangements responsible for attainment of immortality may be rate-limiting and permissive for further progression to malignancy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - AGING
KW  - Agonescence
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Conversion
KW  - Epithelial cell
KW  - Immortalization
KW  - Oncogenesis
KW  - p53
KW  - Senescence
KW  - Telomerase
KW  - Telomere
KW  - Tumor
KW  - Tumor suppressor
KW  - Tumorigenesis
N1  - Accession Number: 9792826; Stampfer, Martha R.; Email Address: mrstampfer@lbl.gov Yaswen, Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, 70A1118, Berkeley, CA 94720-8174, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 194 Issue 2, p199; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject Term: AGING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Agonescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epithelial cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immortalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oncogenesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: Senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tumor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tumor suppressor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tumorigenesis; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3835(02)00707-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9792826&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bączkowicz, Malgorzata
AU  - Wójtowicz, Dorota
AU  - Anderegg, James W.
AU  - Schilling, Christopher H.
AU  - Tomasik, Piotr
T1  - Starch complexes with bismuth (III) and (V)
JO  - Carbohydrate Polymers
JF  - Carbohydrate Polymers
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 52
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 01448617
AB  - Studies are presented on bismuth (III) and bismuth (V) derivatives of starch. Bismuth (III) derivatives of starch were prepared by reaction of either bismuth trichloride or bismuth tri-tert-pentoxide with either granular or activated potato starch. Bismuth (V) starch derivatives were prepared by heating a solid blend of activated starch and NaBiO3 in a microwave oven. Thermal analysis (thermogravimetry—TGA, differential thermogravimetry—DTGA, and differential thermal analysis—DTA) as well as IR- and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies showed that starch reacted with bismuth (III) alkoxide by substitution of its one alkoxide group with one hydroxyl group of the d-glucose unit. d-Glucose units bound no more than two Bi(O-akyl)2 groups. d-Glucose units reacted with BiCl3 in benzene with the evolution of hydrochloride which hydrolysed starch to dextrins. Starch was crosslinked on heating with sodium bismuthate. Bismuthated starches were slightly less thermally stable than original starches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbohydrate Polymers is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - STARCH
KW  - Bismuth
KW  - Potato starch
KW  - Starch–metal complexes
KW  - Thermogravimetric analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9098318; Bączkowicz, Malgorzata 1 Wójtowicz, Dorota 1 Anderegg, James W. 2 Schilling, Christopher H. 3 Tomasik, Piotr 1; Email Address: rrtomasi@cyf-kr.edu.pl; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Cracow, Poland  2: Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saginaw Valley State University, University Center, Michigan 48710, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 52 Issue 3, p263; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: STARCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bismuth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potato starch; Author-Supplied Keyword: Starch–metal complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermogravimetric analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311221 Wet Corn Milling; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0144-8617(02)00294-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9098318&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roa, Fernando
AU  - Way, J. Douglas
AU  - McCormick, Robert L.
AU  - Paglieri, Stephen N.
T1  - Preparation and characterization of Pd–Cu composite membranes for hydrogen separation
JO  - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF  - Chemical Engineering Journal
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 93
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 13858947
AB  - Pd–Cu composite membranes were made by successive electroless deposition of Pd and then Cu onto various tubular porous ceramic supports. Ceramic filters used as supports included symmetric α-alumina (nominal 200 nm in pore size), asymmetric zirconia on α-alumina (nominal 50 nm pore size), and asymmetric γ-alumina on α-alumina (nominal 5 nm pore size). The resulting metal/ceramic composite membranes were heat-treated between 350 and 700 °C for times ranging from 6 to 25 days to induce intermetallic diffusion and obtain homogeneous metal films. Pure gas permeability tests were conducted using hydrogen and nitrogen. For an 11 μm thick, 10 wt.% Cu film on a nominal 50 nm pore size asymmetric ultrafilter with zirconia top layer, the flux at 450 °C and 345 kPa H2 feed pressure was 0.8 mol/m2 s. The ideal hydrogen/nitrogen separation factor was 1150 at the same conditions. The thickness of the metallic film was progressively decreased from 28 μm down to 1–2 μm and the alloy concentration was increased to 30 wt.% Cu.Structural factors related to the ceramic support and the metallic film chemical composition are shown to be responsible for the differences in membrane performance. Among the former are the support pore size, which controls the required metal film thickness to insure a leak-free membrane and the internal structure of the support (symmetric or asymmetric) which changes the mass transfer resistance. The support with the 200 nm pores required more Pd to plug the pores than the asymmetric membranes with smaller pore sizes, as was expected. However, leak-free films could not be deposited on the support with the smallest pore size (5 nm γ-alumina), presumably due to surface defects and/or a lack of adhesion between the metal film and the membrane surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - COPPER
KW  - Asymmetric ceramic supports
KW  - Composite membrane
KW  - Copper
KW  - Electroless plating
KW  - Gas separation
KW  - High temperature
KW  - Hydrogen separation
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Palladium–copper alloy
N1  - Accession Number: 9441733; Roa, Fernando 1 Way, J. Douglas 1; Email Address: dway@mines.edu McCormick, Robert L. 1; Email Address: robert_mccormick@nrel.gov Paglieri, Stephen N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401-1887, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS-C348, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 93 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: COPPER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asymmetric ceramic supports; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electroless plating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium–copper alloy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1385-8947(02)00106-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9441733&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Jianli
AU  - Wang, Yong
AU  - VanderWiel, Dave
AU  - Chin, Cathy
AU  - Palo, Daniel
AU  - Rozmiarek, Robert
AU  - Dagle, Robert
AU  - Cao, James
AU  - Holladay, Jamie
AU  - Baker, Ed
T1  - Fuel processing for portable power applications
JO  - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF  - Chemical Engineering Journal
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 93
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 13858947
AB  - The present work focuses on fuel processing at a very short contact time (<F>GHSV=36</F>,000–144,000 h−1) and a relatively lower temperature (<500 °C). More than 95% conversion can be achieved by steam reforming of clean fuels, such as isooctane and synthetic diesel. A unique characteristic of the current catalytic system is the flexibility in steaming reforming of different hydrocarbon fuels under different conditions. High efficiency methanol steam reforming catalyst performance has been demonstrated which implies a feasibility in designing a high performance methanol steam reformer with reduced volume for portable device applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - Fuel processing
KW  - Portable power applications
N1  - Accession Number: 9441737; Hu, Jianli; Email Address: jianli.hu@pnl.gov Wang, Yong 1 VanderWiel, Dave 1 Chin, Cathy 1 Palo, Daniel 1 Rozmiarek, Robert 1 Dagle, Robert 1 Cao, James 1 Holladay, Jamie 1 Baker, Ed 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 93 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: POWER resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Portable power applications; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1385-8947(02)00108-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9441737&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Iglesia, Enrique
T1  - Modeling and analysis of hydrogen permeation in mixed proton–electronic conductors
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 58
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1977
SN  - 00092509
AB  - A rigorous model for hydrogen permeation through dense mixed conductors was derived using the formalism of non-equilibrium thermodynamics for various operating modes and process conditions. The concentrations of charge carriers were rigorously included in this model through defect equilibria with the chemical environment at each membrane surface and through balance equations and a virtual pressure formalism within the membrane. Hydrogen permeation rates through proton–electron–hole mixed conductors were simulated using this framework under open-circuit, short-circuited, and applied potential operating modes. The sensitivity of <f>H2</f> permeation rates to the reduction–oxidation potentials at each side of the membrane and to the membrane properties (e.g. electron/hole diffusivity, oxygen binding energy) was examined in terms of the mobility and concentration of each charge carrier in order to identify rate-limiting steps for <f>H2</f> transport. These simulations showed that electronic transport controls <f>H2</f> permeation rates in proton–electron–hole mixed conductors typically used for <f>H2</f> permeation, especially when hydrogen chemical potentials are significantly different in the two sides of the membrane. These electronic conduction limitations arise from a region of very low electronic conductivity within the membrane, caused by a shift in the predominant charge carriers from electron to holes with decreasing hydrogen chemical potential. Under these asymmetrical conditions, <f>H2</f> permeation rates increase more markedly when an external electron-conducting path is introduced than at lower chemical potential gradients. Such interplay between rate-controlling variables leads to complex effects of <f>H2</f> chemical potential gradients on permeation rates. The effects of intrinsic membrane properties on <f>H2</f> permeation were examined by systematic changes in the defect equilibrium constants. A decrease in oxygen binding energy, manifested in a stronger tendency for reduction of the oxide membrane material, leads to higher electron concentrations and to higher rates for open-circuit operation, during which electron conduction limits <f>H2</f> transport rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Membrane
KW  - Model
KW  - Proton conduction
KW  - Simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 9615272; Li, Lin 1,2 Iglesia, Enrique 1,2; Email Address: iglesia@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  2: Division of Materials Sciences, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 58 Issue 10, p1977; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton conduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2509(03)00057-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9615272&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plimpton, Steven J.
AU  - Seidel, David B.
AU  - Pasik, Michael F.
AU  - Coats, Rebecca S.
AU  - Montry, Gary R.
T1  - A load-balancing algorithm for a parallel electromagnetic particle-in-cell code
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 152
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Particle-in-cell simulations often suffer from load-imbalance on parallel machines due to the competing requirements of the field-solve and particle-push computations. We propose a new algorithm that balances the two computations independently. The grid for the field-solve computation is statically partitioned. The particles within a processor''s sub-domain(s) are dynamically balanced by migrating spatially-compact groups of particles from heavily loaded processors to lightly loaded ones as needed. The algorithm has been implemented in the quicksilver electromagnetic particle-in-cell code. We provide details of the implementation and present performance results for quicksilver running models with up to a billion grid cells and particles on thousands of processors of a large distributed-memory parallel machine. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Electromagnetics
KW  - Load-balancing
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Particle-in-cell
KW  - Plasma simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 9446184; Plimpton, Steven J. 1; Email Address: sjplimp@sandia.gov Seidel, David B. 1; Email Address: dbseide@sandia.gov Pasik, Michael F. 1; Email Address: mfpasik@sandia.gov Coats, Rebecca S. 1; Email Address: rscoats@sandia.gov Montry, Gary R. 2; Email Address: montry@spsoft.com; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Southwest Software, Albuquerque, NM 871111, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 152 Issue 3, p227; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Load-balancing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle-in-cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma simulation; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-4655(02)00795-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alvin, K.F.
AU  - Robertson, A.N.
AU  - Reich, G.W.
AU  - Park, K.C.
T1  - Structural system identification: from reality to models
JO  - Computers & Structures
JF  - Computers & Structures
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1149
SN  - 00457949
AB  - The paper is an expository contribution on the subject of structural system identification, measured signal processing and their applications to model-based structural health detection. The materials covered in this paper are by and large extracted from the three theses of the first three authors. The paper focuses on the state-space oriented system identification theory as specialized to structural dynamics governing equations of motion, a judicious use of wavelet transformation techniques for extracting impulse response functions, various input–output combinations for multi-input and multi-output problems, robust ways of identifying both proportional and non-proportional damping parameters, and the use of localized identification theory for damage detection from measured response data. The authors then offer several outstanding challenges in structural system identification theory and their applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Structures is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL dynamics
KW  - WAVELETS (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9484657; Alvin, K.F. 1 Robertson, A.N. 2 Reich, G.W. 3 Park, K.C. 4; Email Address: kcpark@titan.colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: Structural Dynamics Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ESA-WR, MS P946, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Vehicles Directorate, 2210 Eighth St., Room 219, WPAFB, OH 45433, USA  4: Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences, Center for Aerospace Structures, University of Colorado, Campus Box 429, Boulder, CO 80309-0429, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 81 Issue 12, p1149; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL dynamics; Subject Term: WAVELETS (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-7949(03)00034-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gilder, Stuart
AU  - Rousse, Sonia
AU  - Farber, Daniel
AU  - McNulty, Brendan
AU  - Sempere, Thierry
AU  - Torres, Victor
AU  - Palacios, Oscar
T1  - Post-Middle Oligocene origin of paleomagnetic rotations in Upper Permian to Lower Jurassic rocks from northern and southern Peru
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 210
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We report paleomagnetic data from 28 sites of Upper Permian to Lower Jurassic strata from northern and southern Peru. In northern Peru (6°S), a stable magnetic component from six Permo-Triassic sites passes fold and reversal tests. The overall mean pole agrees well with Late Permian to Triassic poles from cratonal South America, suggesting this part of Peru has experienced neither significant rotation nor latitudinal transport since the Permo-Triassic. In southern Peru (13 to 16°S), thermal demagnetization isolates stable magnetic components in 16 of 22 Upper Permian to Lower Jurassic sites collected along the transition between the Altiplano and the Eastern Cordillera. These 16 sites are rotated 14 to 147° counterclockwise and pass an inclinations-only fold test. Within the same structural zone, three other Permo-Triassic sites as well as 10 Paleocene sites also show important counterclockwise rotations [Roperch and Carlier, J. Geophys. Res. 97 (1992) 17233–17249; Butler et al., Geology 23 (1995) 799–802]. The large magnitude and exclusively counterclockwise sense of rotation suggest that the tectonic regime included an important sinistral shear component. No correlation exists between rotation amount and rock age, suggesting the rotations are post-Paleocene in age. Because the rotations occur along the fringe of the Eastern Cordillera, they were likely produced during its structural formation, hence from the Late Oligocene to Present. Sinistral shear acting in the northern part of the Bolivian Orocline appears much more pronounced than that north of the Abancay Deflection, which likely arises from differences in convergence obliquity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PALEOMAGNETISM
KW  - STRUCTURAL geology
KW  - Altiplano
KW  - Andes
KW  - Jurassic
KW  - Paleomagnetism
KW  - Permian
KW  - Peru
KW  - South America
KW  - tectonics
KW  - Triassic
N1  - Accession Number: 9711706; Gilder, Stuart 1; Email Address: gilder@ipgp.jussieu.fr Rousse, Sonia 1 Farber, Daniel 2 McNulty, Brendan 3 Sempere, Thierry 4 Torres, Victor 5 Palacios, Oscar 5; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Laboratoire de Paléomagnétisme, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Earth Science Department, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747, USA  4: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), apartado postal 18-1209, Lima 18, Peru  5: Instituto Geológico, Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET), Lima, 1470 Avenida Canadá, San Borja, Lima 41, Peru; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 210 Issue 1/2, p233; Subject Term: PALEOMAGNETISM; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL geology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Altiplano; Author-Supplied Keyword: Andes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jurassic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paleomagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permian; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peru; Author-Supplied Keyword: South America; Author-Supplied Keyword: tectonics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triassic; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00102-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yruela, Inmaculada
AU  - Miota, Francisca
AU  - Torrado, Elena
AU  - Seibert, Michael
AU  - Picorel, Rafael
T1  - Cytochrome b 559 content in isolated photosystem II reaction center preparations.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 270
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2268
EP  - 2273
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The cytochrome b 559 content was examined in five types of isolated photosystem II D1-D2-cytochrome b 559 reaction center preparations containing either five or six chlorophylls per reaction center. The reaction center complexes were obtained following isolation procedures that differed in chromatographic column material, washing buffer composition and detergent concentration. Two different types of cytochrome b 559 assays were performed. The absolute heme content in each preparation was obtained using the oxidized-minus-reduced difference extinction coefficient of cytochrome b 559 at 559 nm. The relative amount of D1 and cytochrome b 559 α-subunit polypeptide was also calculated for each preparation from immunoblots obtained using antibodies raised against the two polypeptides. The results indicate that the cytochrome b 559 heme content in photosystem II reaction center complexes can vary with the isolation procedure, but the variation of the cytochrome b 559 α-subunit/D1 polypeptide ratio was even greater. This variation was not found in the PSII-enriched membrane fragments used as the RC-isolation starting material, as different batches of membranes obtained from spinach harvested at different seasons of the year or those from sugar beets grown in a chamber under controlled environmental conditions lack variation in their α-subunit/D1 polypeptide ratio. A precise determination of the ratio using an RC1-control sample calibration curve gave a ratio of 1.25 cytochrome b 559 α-subunit per 1.0 D1 polypeptide in photosystem II membranes. We conclude that the variations found in the reaction center preparations were due to the different procedures used to isolate and purify the different reaction center complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROME b
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - IMMUNOBLOTTING
KW  - PEPTIDE hormones
KW  - chromatography
KW  - cytochrome b
KW  - detergent
KW  - immunoblot
KW  - Photosystem II
N1  - Accession Number: 9698055; Yruela, Inmaculada 1 Miota, Francisca 1 Torrado, Elena 1 Seibert, Michael 2 Picorel, Rafael 1; Affiliation:  1: Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain;  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Basic Sciences Center, Golden, CO, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 270 Issue 10, p2268; Subject Term: CYTOCHROME b; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: IMMUNOBLOTTING; Subject Term: PEPTIDE hormones; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome b; Author-Supplied Keyword: detergent; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunoblot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosystem II; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03597.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - al., S. Chekanov et
T1  - Measurement of high-Q e-p neutral current cross sections at HERA and the extraction of xF3.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 201
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Cross sections for e-p neutral current deep inelastic scattering have been measured at a centre- of-mass energy of 318 GeV using an integrated luminosity of 15.9 pb-1 collected with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Results on the double-differential cross-section d2σ/dx dQ2 in the range 185 < Q2 < 50 000 GeV2 and 0.0037 < x < 0.75, as well as the single-differential cross-sections dσ/dQ2, dσ/dx and dσ/dy for Q2 > 200 GeV2, are presented. To study the effect of Z-boson exchange, dσ/dQ2, dσ/dx has also been measured for Q2 > 10 000 GeV2. The structure function xF3 has been extracted by combining the e- p results presented here with the recent ZEUS measurements of e+p neutral current deep inelastic scattering. All results agree well with the predictions of the Standard Model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 16767498; al., S. Chekanov et 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p175; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2003-01163-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lang, Russell F.
AU  - Ju, Telvin D.
AU  - Bryan, Jeffrey C.
AU  - Kubas, Gregory J.
AU  - Hoff, Carl D.
T1  - Oxidative addition of thiols, and thiol/thiolate exchange reactions of low valent molybdenum and tungsten complexes. Synthetic, structural and calorimetric study of trigonal prismatic W(CO)2(1,10-phenanthroline)(3,4-toluenedithiolate)
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 348
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Reactions of W(CO)3(phen)(EtCN) with butane thiols, thiophenol, 1,2-benzenedithiol, and 3,4-toluenedithiol have been investigated. Reaction of butanethiol results in simple ligand exchange to form the thiol complex W(CO)3(phen)(n or tBuSH). Reaction with thiophenol results in oxidative addition to form the W(II) thiolate hydride complex W (CO)3(phen)(SPh)(H). The lower reducing power of Mo compared to W is demonstrated in that simple ligand binding of PhSH to Mo(0) occurs forming Mo(CO)3(phen)(PhSH). Reactions of arene dithiols with W(CO)3(phen)(EtCN) were found to proceed with initial oxidative addition of one S–H bond of the chelating dithiols to form W(CO)3(phen)(H)[S–arene(SH)]. These complexes slowly eliminate H2 and CO to form W(CO)2(phen)(arenedithiolate) complexes. The same complexes can be formed by thiol/thiolate exchange reactions: W(CO)2(phen)(SR)2 (R=tBu, Ph) react quantitatively with arene dithiol to yield W(CO)2(phen)(arenedithiolate). The crystal structure of W(CO)2(phen)(3,4-toluenedithiolate) has been determined and is trigonal prismatic rather than octahedral. Values for ΔH° (thiol/thiolate exchange) have been measured by solution calorimetry relative to W(CO)2(phen)(StBu)2=0.0 kcal mol−1; (CO)2(phen)(SPh)2=−7.2±0.4 kcal mol−1 and W(CO)2(phen)(3,4-toluenedithiolate)=−12.5±0.6 kcal mol−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIOLS
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - Molybdenum complexes
KW  - Oxidative addition
KW  - Tungsten complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 9677221; Lang, Russell F. 1 Ju, Telvin D. 2 Bryan, Jeffrey C. 3,4 Kubas, Gregory J. 4; Email Address: kubas@lanl.gov Hoff, Carl D. 2; Email Address: choff@jaguar.ir.miami.edu; Affiliation:  1: Kos Pharmaceuticals, Hollywood, FL 33324, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33126, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–LaCrosse, 1725 State Street, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA  4: C-SIC, MS 514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 348, p157; Subject Term: THIOLS; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative addition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten complexes; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-1693(02)01489-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, H.H.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - Upscaling of constitutive relations in unsaturated heterogeneous tuff matrix
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 276
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
SN  - 00221694
AB  - When numerical models are used for modeling large-scale flow and transport processes in the subsurface, upscaling is generally needed to determine large-scale hydraulic properties from small-scale measurements. This study is focused on the upscaling of constitutive relations (among relative permeability, capillary pressure, and saturation) for unsaturated tuff matrix (or a porous medium with a large air entry value). Unsaturated flow in tuff matrix is of interest at a number of existing and proposed waste disposal sites, as well as in connection with environmental contamination in arid and semiarid regions. Based on the notion that a large air entry value corresponds to a spatially uniform capillary pressure distribution, even at a relatively large scale for steady-state unsaturated flow, we present an upscaling approach for constitutive relations of tuff matrix. Numerical experiments were used to verify and demonstrate the usefulness of the approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - YUCCA Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Relative permeability
KW  - Unsaturated flow
KW  - Vadose zone hydrology
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 9711793; Liu, H.H.; Email Address: hhliu@lbl.gov Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd-Mailstop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 276 Issue 1-4, p198; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: YUCCA Mountain (Nev.); Subject Term: NEVADA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relative permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00071-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, N.T.
AU  - Hu, Q.
AU  - Brusseau, M.L.
T1  - Characterizing the contribution of diffusive mass transfer to solute transport in sedimentary aquifer systems at laboratory and field scales
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 276
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
SN  - 00221694
AB  - The multi-tracer test method was used to investigate the impact of diffusion-mediated mass-transfer processes associated with physical heterogeneity on solute transport in sedimentary aquifer systems at different scales. Three systems were examined: (1) a column packed with homogenized aquifer material, (2) undisturbed aquifer cores, and (3) a section of a semi-confined alluvial aquifer encompassing approximately 2000 m2. Tracer experiments were conducted using non-reactive tracers with different aqueous diffusion coefficients, based on the assumption that the impact of diffusion-mediated mass-transfer processes on solute transport will be dependent upon the magnitude of the diffusion coefficient. For the homogenized packed column, the breakthrough curves for the different tracers were very similar, and the attendant dispersivities were identical. These results indicate, as would be expected, that physical-heterogeneity related diffusive mass transfer did not measurably contribute to solute transport in the homogeneously packed column. Conversely, the results obtained for the undisturbed aquifer cores indicate that diffusive mass transfer, possibly associated with diffusion between zones of lower and higher advection, contributed to solute transport in this system. For the field test, the magnitudes of the dispersivity coefficients were different for the different tracers. Thus, solute transport at the field scale appeared to be influenced by diffusive mass transfer, most likely associated with mass transfer between regions of lower and higher permeability. These results illustrate that tracer tests using tracers with different diffusivities can be used to help elucidate the relative contribution of diffusion-mediated mass transfer to solute transport. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - Diffusion-mediated mass transfer
KW  - Dispersivity coefficient
KW  - Heterogeneous aquifer material
KW  - Undisturbed core
N1  - Accession Number: 9711798; Nelson, N.T. 1 Hu, Q. 2 Brusseau, M.L. 3; Email Address: brusseau@ag.arizona.edu; Affiliation:  1: Daniel B. Stephens and Associates Inc., 6020 Academy NE, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550 , USA  3: Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, and Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Building, 38, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 276 Issue 1-4, p275; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion-mediated mass transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersivity coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous aquifer material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Undisturbed core; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00061-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reibold, Robert A.
AU  - Poco, John F.
AU  - Baumann, Theodore F.
AU  - Simpson, Randall L.
AU  - Satcher Jr., Joe H.
T1  - Synthesis and characterization of a low-density urania (UO3) aerogel
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 319
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 00223093
AB  - We report the synthesis and characterization for the first example of a low-density urania aerogel. The monolithic aerogels were prepared through the sol–gel polymerization of hydrated uranyl nitrate in ethanol using propylene oxide as a gelation initiator. The dried UO3 aerogel was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analyses. The aerogel micro-structure was determined to be composed of primary particles with two distinct morphologies (spherical and fibrous) with features in the 5–20 nm range. These particles were also determined to be highly crystalline as evidenced by the higher-magnification TEM examination. The urania aerogel possesses high surface area (236 m2/g) and pore diameters in the micro- and mesoporous (2–20 nm) range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - ALCOHOL
N1  - Accession Number: 9446170; Reibold, Robert A. 1 Poco, John F. 1 Baumann, Theodore F. 1 Simpson, Randall L. 1 Satcher Jr., Joe H.; Email Address: satcher1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, P.O. Box 808 L-092, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 319 Issue 3, p241; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00012-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiricka, M.
AU  - Hrma, P.
AU  - Vienna, J.D.
T1  - The effect of composition on spinel crystals equilibrium in low-silica high-level waste glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 319
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 280
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The liquidus temperature (<f>TL</f>) and the equilibrium mass fraction of spinel were measured in the regions of low-silica (less than 42 mass% SiO2) high-level waste borosilicate glasses within the spinel primary phase field as functions of glass composition. The components that varied, one at a time, were Al2O3, B2O3, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, Li2O, MnO, Na2O, NiO, SiO2, and ZrO2. In the low-silica region, Cr2O3 increased the <f>TL</f> substantially less, and Li2O and Na2O decreased the <f>TL</f> significantly less than in the region with 42–56 mass% SiO2. The temperature at which the equilibrium mass fraction of spinel was 1 mass% was 25–64 °C below the <f>TL</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPINEL
KW  - SILICA
N1  - Accession Number: 9446174; Jiricka, M.; Email Address: milos.jiricka@vscht.cz Hrma, P. 1 Vienna, J.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard 902, Washington 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 319 Issue 3, p280; Subject Term: SPINEL; Subject Term: SILICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00010-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gabriel, Tony A.
AU  - Haines, John R.
AU  - McManamy, Thomas J.
T1  - Overview of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) with emphasis on target systems
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The status of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is discussed. In addition, a more detailed overview is given of the Target Systems’ part of the SNS with emphasis given to the technology issues that present the greatest scientific challenges. At present, SNS is within budget and schedule limits and excellent progress is being made on all fronts – design, fabrication, installation, and testing. First beam on the Hg target system is expected in December 2005. The project, as of June 2002, was 42% complete. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9721522; Gabriel, Tony A. Haines, John R. 1 McManamy, Thomas J.; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source,<fn id="fn1">The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is a collaboration of six US National Laboratories: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the US Department of Energy.</fn> 701 Scarboro Road, MS-6474, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00010-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mansur, L.K.
T1  - Materials research and development for the spallation neutron source mercury target
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
SN  - 00223115
AB  - In the Spallation Neutron Source target, the structural material will be exposed to intense pulsed fluxes of high-energy protons and neutrons, which produce radiation damage. These pulsed fluxes also lead to pressure pulses created by beam heating. In turn, the pressure pulses give rise to fluctuating stresses in the 316 LN austenitic stainless steel target vessel, and to cavitation in the liquid mercury spallation target. Corrosion reactions and related changes in mechanical properties also may occur through contact with flowing mercury. We describe the materials research and development program for the spallation target. The program covers the areas of cavitation erosion, radiation effects, and compatibility. Cavitation erosion work includes pressure wave tests at the LANSCE proton accelerator, as well as laboratory tests that simulate aspects of the actual in-beam exposures. Materials irradiations are being carried out in spallation environments at high-energy and high-power proton accelerators. Other experiments are conducted at irradiation facilities that simulate aspects of spallation conditions. Extensive radiation damage and transmutation calculations supplement these experiments. Compatibility work includes both thermal convection and pumped flow loop tests to examine temperature gradient mass transfer, as well as fatigue and tensile tests in contact with Hg. Based on the information developed for radiation effects and compatibility with mercury, our analysis indicates that the target will meet its intended service requirements. In the past year and one half the new issue of cavitation erosion has been included in the program. Both in-beam and laboratory experiments indicate that cavitation erosion may occur in the target. The highest priority activity is now to determine whether cavitation erosion will limit target lifetime to a level below the lifetime limit set by radiation effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 9721523; Mansur, L.K. 1; Email Address: mansurlk@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p14; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00075-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Bauer, G.S.
AU  - Broome, T.
AU  - Carsughi, F.
AU  - Dai, Y.
AU  - Maloy, S.A.
AU  - Roedig, M.
AU  - Sommer, W.F.
AU  - Ullmaier, H.
T1  - Summary of the results from post-irradiation examination of spent targets at the FZ-Juelich
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The lifetime of structural components of spallation targets (beam window, liquid metal container, return hull) is determined by the irradiation-induced changes of the mechanical properties of their materials. An extensive test program was initiated using specimens obtained from spent target components from operating spallation facilities (Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, LANSCE and the Spallation Neutron Source at Rutherford–Appleton Laboratory, ISIS). The investigated materials include a nickel-based alloy (IN 718), an austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304L), a martensitic stainless steel (DIN 1.4926) and a refractory metal (tantalum). The materials experienced 800 MeV proton irradiation to maximum fluences of <f>></f>1025 p/m2. The mechanical property changes were investigated by microhardness measurements, three-point bending tests and tensile tests at temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to 250 °C. Subsequent scanning electron microscopy was employed to investigate the fracture surfaces. Generally, irradiation hardening and a decrease in ductility with increasing proton fluence was observed. Nevertheless, all materials except IN 718 tested at RT, retained some ductility up to the maximum doses explored. The transmission electron microscopy investigation showed that a high density of ‘black dots’ and dislocation loops appeared in all materials. No effect of long-range radiation-induced segregation at grain boundaries was detected by energy dispersive X-ray investigation on AISI 304L and IN718 which failed by intergranular fracture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9721526; Chen, J. 1; Email Address: j.chen@fz-juelich.de Bauer, G.S. 1 Broome, T. 2 Carsughi, F. 3 Dai, Y. 4 Maloy, S.A. 5 Roedig, M. 1 Sommer, W.F. 5 Ullmaier, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Projekt ESS, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany  2: Rutherford–Appleton Laboratory, Chilton OX 11 0QX, UK  3: DIBIAGA, University of Ancona, I-60131 Ancona and INFM Unitá di Ancona, Italy  4: Spallation Source Division, Paul-Scherrer-Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland  5: APT/TPO, MS H809, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p56; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00007-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hunn, J.D.
AU  - Riemer, B.W.
AU  - Tsai, C.C.
T1  - SNS target tests at the LANSCE-WNR in 2001 – Part II
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
SN  - 00223115
AB  - It has been observed that stopping of an 800 MeV proton pulse in liquid mercury, such as in the United States Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), leads to cavitation that can affect the mercury vessel. This paper discusses pitting that was observed on mercury container walls after 100–200 proton pulses obtained at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center Weapons Neutron Research facility (LANSCE-WNR). It was found that the degree of cavitation-induced pitting was dependent on the geometry and composition of the container. As expected, very hard surfaces were particularly effective for resisting deformation from cavity collapse. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - MERCURY
N1  - Accession Number: 9721530; Hunn, J.D.; Email Address: hunnjd@ornl.gov Riemer, B.W. 1 Tsai, C.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 4500S, MS-6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p102; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: MERCURY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00074-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pawel, S.J.
AU  - Manneschmidt, E.T.
T1  - Preliminary evaluation of cavitation resistance of type 316LN stainless steel in mercury using a vibratory horn
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Type 316LN stainless steel in a variety of conditions (annealed, cold-worked, surface-modified) was exposed to cavitation conditions in stagnant mercury using a vibratory horn. The test conditions included peak-to-peak displacement of the specimen surface of 25 μm at a frequency of 20 kHz and a mercury temperature in the range −5 to 80 °C. Following a brief incubation period in which little or no damage was observed, specimens of annealed 316LN exhibited increasing weight loss and surface roughening with increasing exposure times. Examination of test surfaces with the scanning electron microscope revealed primarily general/uniform wastage in all cases but, for long exposure times, a few randomly oriented ‘pits’ were also observed. Type 316LN that was 50% cold-worked was considerably more resistant to cavitation erosion damage than annealed material, but the surface modifications (CrN coating, metallic glass coating, laser treatment to form a diamond-like surface) provided little or no protection for the substrate. In addition, the cavitation erosion resistance of other materials – Inconel 718, Nitronic 60, and Stellite 3 – was also compared with that of 316LN for identical screening test conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
N1  - Accession Number: 9721533; Pawel, S.J.; Email Address: pawelsj@ornl.gov Manneschmidt, E.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p122; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00020-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marmy, P.
AU  - Oliver, B.M.
T1  - High strain fatigue properties of F82H ferritic–martensitic steel under proton irradiation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
SN  - 00223115
AB  - During the up and down cycles of a fusion reactor, the first wall is exposed concomitantly to a flux of energetic neutrons that generates radiation defects and to a thermal flux that induces thermal stresses. The resulting strains may exceed the elastic limit and induce plastic deformation in the material. A similar situation occurs in the window of a spallation liquid source target and results in the same type of damage. This particular loading has been simulated in F82H ferritic–martensitic steel, using a device allowing a fatigue test to be carried out during irradiation with 590 MeV protons. All fatigue tests were carried out in a strain controlled test at strain levels around 0.8% and at 300 °C. Two different signals have been used: a fully symmetrical triangle wave signal (<f>R=−1</f>) and a triangle ramp with 2 min tension holds. The fatigue was investigated under three different conditions: unirradiated, irradiated and post-irradiation tested, and finally in-beam tested. The main result is that the in-beam tested specimens have the lowest life as compared to the post-irradiation tested specimen and unirradiated specimen. Hydrogen is suspected to be the main contributor to the observed embrittlement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - NEUTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9721535; Marmy, P. 1; Email Address: pierre.marmy@psi.ch Oliver, B.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Centre de Recherche en Physique des Plasmas, Technologie de la Fusion, Association Euratom – Confédération Suisse, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Villigen-PSI CH-5232, Switzerland  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p132; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00120-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strizak, J.P.
AU  - Mansur, L.K.
T1  - The effect of mean stress on the fatigue behavior of 316 LN stainless steel in air and mercury
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Design of the mercury target system components for the spallation neutron source (SNS) requires data on high- and low-cycle fatigue behavior. The research and development program in progress includes determining the effects of mercury on the fatigue behavior of type 316 LN stainless steel, the primary material of choice for the target vessel. Uniaxial, load-controlled, fully reversed tension–compression <f>R=−1</f> (minimum stress/maximum stress) fatigue tests have been conducted in air and mercury at room temperature employing constant amplitude sinusoidal loading at frequencies from 0.2 to 10 Hz. Stress amplitude versus fatigue life data (S–N curves) for both air and mercury show a sharp knee at approximately 1 million cycles indicating a fatigue endurance limit in either air or mercury around 240 MPa. Tensile mean stress (<f>R=0.1</f>) lowers the endurance limit to 160 MPa. Lower frequency and mercury environment had some impact (degradation) on fatigue life of type 316 LN stainless steel at high stress levels (i.e., stresses considerably above the apparent fatigue limit). Test results for high mean stress conditions (<f>R=0.3</f>, 0.5, and 0.75) at a cyclic frequency of 10 Hz exhibited further reductions in the endurance limit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MERCURY
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9721537; Strizak, J.P.; Email Address: strizakjp@ornl.gov Mansur, L.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Technology Group, Carbon and Insulation Materials, Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6088, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p151; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00121-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tian, H.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Strizak, J.P.
AU  - Mansur, L.K.
T1  - Effects of mercury on fatigue behavior of Type 316 LN stainless steel: application in the spallation neutron source
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The high-cycle fatigue behavior of Type 316 stainless steel (SS), the prime candidate target-container material for the spallation neutron source (SNS), was investigated in air and mercury at frequencies of 0.2 and 10 Hz with a <f>R</f> ratio of −1, and at 10 and 700 Hz with a <f>R</f> ratio of 0.1. Here <f>R</f> equals the ratio of the applied minimum to maximum loads during fatigue experiments. A decrease in the fatigue life in mercury was observed, relative to that in air, at 0.2 Hz. Correspondingly, intergranular fracture was found on the fracture surfaces of specimens tested in mercury at 0.2 Hz, which is a typical fracture mode caused by liquid metal embrittlement (LME). Heating by mechanical working was observed during fatigue tests at 10 Hz and a <f>R</f> of −1, and at 700 Hz and a <f>R</f> of 0.1, which resulted in great increases in specimen temperatures and shorter fatigue lives for large stress amplitudes (&ges;210 MPa), relative to those in mercury. However, in the fatigue tests at 10 and 700 Hz, the fatigue lives in air with cooling and those in mercury seemed to be comparable, indicating little influence of the mercury. Thus, both specimen self-heating and LME need to be considered in understanding fatigue behavior of Type 316 SS in air and mercury. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9721538; Tian, H. 1; Email Address: htian@utk.edu Liaw, P.K. 1 Strizak, J.P. 2 Mansur, L.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6151, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p157; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00116-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dai, Y.
AU  - Foucher, Y.
AU  - James, M.R.
AU  - Oliver, B.M.
T1  - Neutronics calculation, dosimetry analysis and gas measurements of the first SINQ target irradiation experiment, STIP-I
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00223115
AB  - To precisely determine the damage, helium and hydrogen production in the specimens irradiated in Swiss Spallation Neutron Source Target-3, calculations with the MCNPX code, dosimetry analysis and helium/hydrogen measurements have been performed. The MCNPX calculations agree well with the former calculations performed with the LAHET code. The preliminary analysis of dosimetry foils demonstrates that the unfolded proton and neutron spectra at limited positions are close to calculated values. In general the measured He concentrations were consistent with the calculated values. Some discrepancy between the measured and calculated values is believed due to the actual proton beam geometry being different from that used for the calculation. The hydrogen concentration measured in samples irradiated at <∼100 °C is close to the calculated. The differences between the measured and calculated values for samples irradiated at higher temperatures can be attributed largely to the effects of hydrogen diffusion. The results indicate that at >∼250 °C, only a small amount of hydrogen remains in the samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9721539; Dai, Y. 1; Email Address: yong.dai@psi.ch Foucher, Y. 1,2 James, M.R. 3 Oliver, B.M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  2: Subatech, EMN, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, P.O. Box 20722, 44307 Nantes cedex, France  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p167; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00099-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gohar, Yousry
T1  - Characterization of lead–bismuth eutectic target material for accelerator driven transmuters
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) is under consideration as a target material with high-energy protons for generating neutrons to drive actinide and fission product transmuters. A characterization has been performed to study the performance of this target material as a function of the main variables and the design selections. The characterization includes the neutron yield, the spatial energy deposition, the neutron spectrum, the beam window performance, and the target buffer requirements. The characterization has also considered high-energy deuteron particles to study the impact on the target neutronic performance. The obtained results quantify the LBE target material performance with proton or deuteron particles as a function of the target variables and selections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9721541; Gohar, Yousry 1; Email Address: gohar@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Fusion Power Program Technology Development Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p185; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00012-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dai, Y.
AU  - Jia, X.J.
AU  - Farrell, K.
T1  - Mechanical properties of modified 9Cr–1Mo (T91) irradiated at &les;300 °C in SINQ Target-3
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 192
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Specimens of martensitic steel T91 were irradiated in the Swiss spallation neutron source (SINQ) Target-3 in a temperature range of 90–300 °C to displacement doses between 3 and 9.8 dpa. Tensile tests were performed at 22, 250 and 350 °C, and small punch (SP) tests were conducted in a temperature range of −186 to 22 °C to derive the change of the ductile–brittle transition temperature (ΔDBTTSP) of the steel after irradiation. The tensile test results demonstrate that the irradiation hardening increases with dose. The uniform elongation falls to less than 1%, while the total elongation is greater than 5% in all cases. All the tensile samples broke in a ductile fracture mode. In the present dose range the irradiation hardening does not saturate and increases even more rapidly at doses above about 6 dpa. The SP tests indicate that the DBTTSP of 0.25 mm thick T91 discs is about −153 °C for the unirradiated condition. After irradiation the DBTTSP increases significantly to −35 °C at 9.4 dpa, corresponding to an estimated DBTTCVN shift of 295 °C; and meanwhile the upper energies decrease. The ΔDBTTSP has a linear dependence on helium content. Analyses of the data indicate that the radiation hardening and the occurrence of intergranular fracture mode in the higher dose SP tests are dependent on gas content. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARTENSITIC stainless steel
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9721542; Dai, Y. 1; Email Address: yong.dai@psi.ch Jia, X.J. 1 Farrell, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p192; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00100-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Toloczko, M.B.
AU  - Hamilton, M.L.
AU  - Maloy, S.A.
T1  - High temperature tensile testing of modified 9Cr–1Mo after irradiation with high energy protons
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 00223115
AB  - This study examines the effect of tensile test temperatures ranging from 50 to 600 °C on the tensile properties of a modified 9Cr–1Mo ferritic steel after high energy proton irradiation at about 35–67 °C to doses from 1 to 3 dpa and 9 dpa. For the specimens irradiated to doses between 1 and 3 dpa, it was observed that the yield strength and ultimate strength decreased monotonically as a function of tensile test temperature, whereas the uniform elongation (UE) remained at approximately 1% for tensile test temperatures up to 250 °C and then increased for tensile test temperatures up to and including 500 °C. At 600 °C, the UE was observed to be less than the values at 400 and 500 °C. UE of the irradiated material tensile tested at 400–600 °C was observed to be greater than the values for the unirradiated material at the same temperatures. Tensile tests on the 9 dpa specimens followed similar trends. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9721543; Toloczko, M.B. 1; Email Address: mychailo.toloczko@pnl.gov Hamilton, M.L. 1 Maloy, S.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS P8-15, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, MS-H816, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p200; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00023-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farrell, K.
AU  - Byun, T.S.
T1  - Tensile properties of ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated in HFIR, and comparison with spallation irradiation data
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Tensile properties of four ferritic/martensitic steels, 9Cr–1MoVNb, 9Cr–1MoVNb–2Ni, 9Cr–2WV, and 9Cr–2WVTa, and two bainitic steels, 3Cr–3WV and A533B, were measured after irradiation to doses up to 1.2 dpa at temperatures in the range 60–100 °C in the High Flux Isotope Reactor and compared with two ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steels irradiated with 800 MeV protons and spallation neutrons in the LANSCE facility at 60–164 °C. Irradiation hardening in the steels was strong, and all of them displayed plastic instability shortly after yield for irradiations of 0.054 dpa and higher. Despite large loses in elongation, all failures occurred in a ductile manner. The dose dependencies of the increases in the yield strength with dpa were similar for all six steels, and contained a pronounced change at about 0.05 dpa. Below 0.05 dpa, the hardening exponent was 0.5–0.6, consistent with a barrier hardening mechanism. Above 0.05 dpa, the exponent was reduced to 0.1–0.2, which is speculated to be due to intervention by dislocation channeling. A trend curve for correlating changes in yield strengths of F/M steels with dose at irradiation temperatures below 160 °C is offered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MARTENSITIC stainless steel
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 9721552; Farrell, K.; Email Address: farrellk@ornl.gov Byun, T.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 4500S, MS 6151, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p274; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00102-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maloy, S.A.
AU  - James, M.R.
AU  - Johnson, W.R.
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Farrell, K.
AU  - Toloczko, M.B.
T1  - Comparison of fission neutron and proton/spallation neutron irradiation effects on the tensile behavior of type 316 and 304 stainless steel
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
SN  - 00223115
AB  - As part of the accelerator production of tritium and the spallation neutron source programs, the tensile properties of annealed 304L, 316LN and 316L stainless steel have been measured after proton and spallation neutron irradiation in the target region of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) accelerator (800 MeV, 1 mA) to a maximum dose of 12 dpa at temperatures ranging from 30 to 120 °C. In addition to the displacement damage produced from the irradiation, up to several thousand atomic parts per million (appm) of hydrogen and helium were produced in the irradiated material via spallation reactions. Results of tensile tests at temperatures from room temperature up to 164 °C show large increases in tensile yield strength, small increases in ultimate tensile strength, reductions in strain hardening capacity and reductions in ductility (uniform elongation and strain-to-necking) with increasing irradiation dose. A comparison of these data with the large database on tensile properties of type 316 stainless steel exposed to fission neutrons and tensile tested over the same temperature range show similar trends with regard to strength changes, but significantly larger reductions in ductility with irradiation dose were observed after irradiation in the spallation environment. The much higher amounts of helium and hydrogen produced through spallation in the LANSCE spectrum, compared to those developed in fission neutron irradiation environments at equivalent doses, may contribute to degradation in ductility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9721553; Maloy, S.A. 1; Email Address: maloy@lanl.gov James, M.R. 1 Johnson, W.R. 2 Byun, T.S. 3 Farrell, K. 3 Toloczko, M.B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H809 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: 12243 Riesling Ct., San Diego, CA 92131, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6151, USA  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p283; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00087-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Farrell, K.
T1  - Tensile properties of Inconel 718 after low temperature neutron irradiation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Tensile properties of Inconel 718 (IN718) have been investigated after neutron irradiation to 0.0006–1.2 dpa at 60–100 °C in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The alloy was exposed in solution-annealed (SA) and precipitation-hardened (PH) conditions. Before irradiation, the yield strength of PH IN718 was about 1170 MPa, which was 3.7 times higher than that of SA IN718. In the SA condition, an almost threefold increase in yield strength was found at 1.2 dpa, but the alloy retained a positive strain-hardening capability and a uniform ductility of more than 20%. Comparisons showed that the strain-hardening behavior of the SA IN718 is similar to that of a SA 316LN austenitic stainless steel. In the PH condition, the IN718 displayed no radiation-induced hardening in yield strength and significant softening in ultimate tensile strength. The strain-hardening capability of the PH IN718 decreased with dose as the radiation-induced dissolution of precipitates occurred, which resulted in the onset of plastic instability at strains less than 1% after irradiation to 0.16 or 1.2 dpa. An analysis on plastic instability indicated that the loss of uniform ductility in PH IN718 was largely due to the reduction in strain-hardening rate, while in SA IN718 and SA 316LN stainless steel it resulted primarily from the increase of yield stress. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - INCONEL
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
N1  - Accession Number: 9721554; Byun, T.S.; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov Farrell, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 5500, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p292; Subject Term: INCONEL; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00006-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hashimoto, N.
AU  - Hunn, J.D.
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Mansur, L.K.
T1  - Microstructural analysis of ion-irradiation-induced hardening in inconel 718
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
SN  - 00223115
AB  - As an assessment for a possible accelerator beam line window material for the US Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) target, performance, radiation-induced hardening and microstructural evolution in Inconel 718 were investigated in both solution annealed (SA) and precipitation hardened (PH) conditions. Irradiations were carried out using 3.5 MeV Fe+, 370 keV He+ and 180 keV H+ either singly or simultaneously at 200 °C to simulate the damage and He/H production in the SNS target vessel wall. This resulted in systematic hardening in SA Inconel and gradual net softening in the PH material. TEM microstructural analysis showed the hardening was associated with the formation of small loop and faulted loop structures. Helium-irradiated specimens included more loops and cavities than Fe+ ion-irradiated specimens. Softening of the PH material was due to dissolution of the <f>γ′/γ″</f> precipitates. High doses of helium were implanted in order to study the effect of high retention of gaseous transmutation products. Simultaneous with the hardening and/or softening due to the displacement damage cascade, helium filled cavities produced additional hardening at high concentrations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9721555; Hashimoto, N.; Email Address: hashimoton@ornl.gov Hunn, J.D. 1 Byun, T.S. 1 Mansur, L.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 4500S, MS 6136, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6151, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p300; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00013-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pawel, S.J.
AU  - Taleyarkhan, R.P.
AU  - Felde, D.K.
AU  - Manneschmidt, E.T.
T1  - Influence of mercury velocity on compatibility with type 316L/316LN stainless steel in a flow loop
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Previous experiments to examine corrosion resulting from thermal gradient mass transfer of type 316L stainless steel in mercury were conducted in thermal convection loops (TCLs) with an Hg velocity of about 1 m/min. These tests have now been supplemented with a series of experiments designed to examine the influence of increased flow velocity and possible cavitation conditions on compatibility. In one experiment, the standard TCL design was modified to include a reduced section in the hot leg that provided a concomitant increase in the local velocity by a factor of five. In addition, a pumped-loop experiment was operated with a flow velocity of about 1 m/s. Finally, a TCL was modified to include an ultrasonic transducer at the top of the hot leg in an attempt to generate cavitation conditions with corresponding extreme local velocity associated with collapsing bubbles. The results indicate that compatibility of type 316L/316LN stainless steel does not depend significantly on liquid metal velocity in the range of 1 m/min to 1 m/s. Benchtop cavitation experiments revealed susceptibility of 316L coupons to significant weight losses and increases in surface roughness as a result of 24 h exposure to 1.5 MPa pressure waves in Hg generated ultrasonically at 20 kHz. However, attempts to generate cavitation conditions on coupons inside the TCL with the ultrasonic transducer proved largely unsuccessful. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - STAINLESS steel
N1  - Accession Number: 9721557; Pawel, S.J. 1; Email Address: pawelsj@ornl.gov Taleyarkhan, R.P. 2 Felde, D.K. 2 Manneschmidt, E.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA  2: Engineering Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8045, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p313; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00021-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pawel, S.J.
AU  - Manneschmidt, E.T.
T1  - Corrosion of type 6061-T6 aluminum in mercury and mercury vapor
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
SN  - 00223115
AB  - To examine potential corrosion of aluminum maintenance equipment in environments periodically containing mercury vapor and droplets of liquid mercury, c-rings of 6061-T6 aluminum have been exposed to a series of screening tests. The tests included vapor phase exposures as well as immersion of stressed and unstressed c-rings in the as-received condition and with chemical treatments to modify the passive film. Test conditions included the temperature range 0–160 °C, times of 3–30 days and, in addition to liquid Hg, various Hg vapor environments including residual air, residual helium and condensing conditions. The results indicate 6061-T6 is quite susceptible to pitting and cracking when immersed in Hg for even a brief time, but at least one chemical treatment was shown to improve corrosion resistance under immersion conditions. Type 6061-T6 was found to be essentially immune to vapor phase corrosion for the conditions examined, with only very minor development of pits or pit precursors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 9721562; Pawel, S.J.; Email Address: pawelsj@ornl.gov Manneschmidt, E.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p355; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00022-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - DiStefano, J.R.
T1  - Discussion session summary: corrosion
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 368
SN  - 00223115
N1  - Accession Number: 9721564; DiStefano, J.R. 1; Email Address: distefanojr@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p368; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00124-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Maloy, S.A.
T1  - Discussion session summary: radiation effects
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 318
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 369
SN  - 00223115
N1  - Accession Number: 9721565; Maloy, S.A. 1; Email Address: maloy@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, MS-H816, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 318 Issue 1-3, p369; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00125-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Halasinski
AU  - T. M.
AU  - Weisman
AU  - J. L.
AU  - Ruiterkamp
AU  - R.
AU  - Lee
AU  - T. J.
AU  - Salama
AU  - F.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
T1  - Electronic Absorption Spectra of Neutral Perylene (C20H12), Terrylene (C30H16), and Quaterrylene (C40H20) and Their Positive and Negative Ions:  Ne Matrix-Isolation Spectroscopy and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Calculations
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3660
EP  - 3669
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We present an experimental and theoretical study of an interesting series of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the oligorylenes. The absorption spectra of perylene, terrylene, and quaterrylene in neutral, cationic, and anionic charge states are obtained by matrix-isolation spectroscopy in Ne. The experimental spectra are dominated by a bright state that red shifts with growing molecular size. Excitation energies and state symmetry assignments for this state are obtained by calculations using time-dependent density functional theory methods. These calculations also provide additional information and insight into the trends in oscillator strength and excitation energy for the bright states:  in particular, the oscillator strength per unit mass of carbon increases along the series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ANIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12072665; Halasinski T. M. 1 Weisman J. L. 1 Ruiterkamp R. 1 Lee T. J. 1 Salama F. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Space Science Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Mail Stop 245-6, Moffett Field, California 94035, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Laboratory at Leiden Observatory, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Mail Stop 230-3, Moffett Field, California 94035; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 19, p3660; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ANIONS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Osborn
AU  - D. L.
T1  - The Reaction of HCCO + O2:  Experimental Evidence of Prompt CO2 by Time-Resolved Fourier Transform Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3728
EP  - 3732
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The products CO and CO2 are observed experimentally for the first time in the HCCO + O2 reaction. Both product molecules have identical appearance times and are formed simultaneously rather than sequentially. Both CO and CO2 are produced with significant internal excitation. The product channel producing H + CO + CO2 accounts for at least 90% of the reaction products at 298 K. The results explain the observation of “prompt” CO2 in acetylene oxidation chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ACETYLENE
N1  - Accession Number: 12072675; Osborn D. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Mail Stop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 19, p3728; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ACETYLENE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayes
AU  - S. E.
AU  - Guidotti
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Even
AU  - W. R. Jr.
AU  - Hughes
AU  - P. J.
AU  - Eckert
AU  - H.
T1  - 7Li Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Probe of Lithium Species in Microporous Carbon Anodes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3866
EP  - 3876
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Electrochemical insertion of lithium into pyrolyzed amorphous carbons prepared from polymeric precursors of methacrylonitrile and divinylbenzene has been investigated by 7Li variable temperature static and magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR. This method is able to characterize the chemical inventory of lithium, differentiating between reversible species that are truly inserted into the carbon and irreversible species that are lost to traps and parasitic processes. Furthermore, large chemical shift effects indicate that the structural and electronic properties of the inserted reversible lithium species are sensitively dependent on the extent of loading. At loading levels ≤90% relative capacity, the trend is monotonic, whereas in more highly charged samples, two types of electrochemically relevant sites are observed, distinguishable from one another only at lower temperatures. At higher temperatures, dynamic exchange effects between them are evident on the NMR time scale. In the initially prepared state, these highly charged materials contain regular intercalated lithium sites as well as clusters of atomic lithium species dispersed in the amorphous matrix. The cluster sites are depopulated with time, a process that can be accelerated by heating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 12072693; Hayes S. E. 1 Guidotti R. A. 1 Even W. R. Jr. 1 Hughes P. J. 1 Eckert H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, and Eveready Battery Company, Westlake, Ohio 44145; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 19, p3866; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeng
AU  - R.
AU  - van Tol
AU  - J.
AU  - Deal
AU  - A.
AU  - Frank
AU  - H. A.
AU  - Budil
AU  - D. E.
T1  - Temperature Dependence of the Primary Donor Triplet State g-Tensor in Photosynthetic Reaction Centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26 Observed by Transient 240 GHz Electron Paramagnetic Resonance.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4624
EP  - 4631
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report time-resolved 240 GHz EPR spectra of the primary donor triplet state 3P from photosynthetic reaction centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides R26.1 as a function of temperature in the range 10−230 K. The data allow the determination of the principal g-tensor values and the principal axes directions of the 3P g-tensor with respect to its zero-field axes. The g-tensor measured at 240 GHz differs appreciably from previous measurements of 3P at lower frequencies and also differs from that of the cation radical state P+, which has previously been characterized at high frequencies. In contrast to P+, the 3P state exhibits significant temperature dependence in its g-tensor, particularly in the directions of the principal axes, which appear to rotate by about 30° around the x principal axis over the temperature range studied. The 3P yield anisotropy first observed by Boxer and co-workers at high field using photoselection methods is also evident in the high-field EPR spectrum as a significant variation of intensity across the spectrum. This variation is analyzed in terms of two models. The first model explicitly includes the evolution of the precursor radical pair but leads to significant ambiguities in the assignment of radical pair structural parameters. The second model utilizes only two ad hoc parameters to account for the yield anisotropy, which greatly reduces fitting parameter correlations and improves the accuracy and reliability with which the 3P magnetic parameters are determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 21815092; Zeng R. 1 van Tol J. 1 Deal A. 1 Frank H. A. 1 Budil D. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston Massachusetts 02115, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, and Department of Chemistry, U-3060, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 19, p4624; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CATIONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahluwalia, R.K.
AU  - Doss, E.D.
AU  - Kumar, R.
T1  - Performance of high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 117
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Performance of gasoline reformed, polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) systems for transportation with a high-temperature solid membrane capable of operating at 150–200 °C is discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on system layout, ease of fuel reforming, overall system efficiency, specific weight of the power system, heat rejection and water recovery. These are assessed in terms of the primary system variables, i.e. the operating pressure, reforming temperature, water-to-fuel ratio in the fuel processor, and the stack temperature. It is found that the system efficiency and water recovery are intimately affected by whether the condenser is located to operate at the system operating pressure or at close to ambient pressure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - Fuel cell system performance
KW  - Fuel processing
KW  - Heat rejection
KW  - High temperature membrane
KW  - Water recovery
N1  - Accession Number: 9656327; Ahluwalia, R.K. 1 Doss, E.D.; Email Address: doss@anl.gov Kumar, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 117 Issue 1/2, p45; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: POWER resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell system performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat rejection; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water recovery; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00028-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Zijing
AU  - Stevenson, J.W.
AU  - Khaleel, M.A.
T1  - The effect of interconnect rib size on the fuel cell concentration polarization in planar SOFCs
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 117
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The gas transport in the porous electrode is treated by a phenomenological approach such that the gas concentration at the three-phase boundary (TPB) region is the additive superposition of that transported from the source, i.e. the gas channels. With plausible approximations and elemental algebra, analytical expressions are obtained to estimate the effects of ribs on the concentration polarization of planar fuel cell operations. It is shown that the model can closely reproduce the experimental concentration polarization curve for small and medium current density (up to about 2 A/cm2), providing a simple and effective method for engineering application. The concentration polarization caused by the presence of a rib is discussed and the concentration profiles with varying rib widths are illustrated. In connection with the electrical resistance, the determination of the optimal rib width for minimizing the overall polarization is also shown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - Analytical model
KW  - Concentration polarization
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Gas transport
KW  - Rib design
N1  - Accession Number: 9656331; Lin, Zijing 1 Stevenson, J.W. 1 Khaleel, M.A.; Email Address: moe.khaleel@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory Engineering Mechanics Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail stop K2-18, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 117 Issue 1/2, p92; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Concentration polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rib design; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00726-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mohrenweiser, Harvey W.
AU  - Wilson III, David M.
AU  - Jones, Irene M.
T1  - Challenges and complexities in estimating both the functional impact and the disease risk associated with the extensive genetic variation in human DNA repair genes
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 526
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 00275107
AB  - Individual risk and the population incidence of disease result from the interaction of genetic susceptibility and exposure. DNA repair is an example of a cellular process where genetic variation in families with extreme predisposition is documented to be associated with high disease likelihood, including syndromes of premature aging and cancer. Although the identification and characterization of new genes or variants in cancer families continues to be important, the focus of this paper is the current status of efforts to define the impact of polymorphic amino acid substitutions in DNA repair genes on individual and population cancer risk. There is increasing evidence that mild reductions in DNA repair capacity, assumed to be the consequence of common genetic variation, affect cancer predisposition. The extensive variation being found in the coding regions of DNA repair genes and the large number of genes in each of the major repair pathways results in complex genotypes with potential to impact cancer risk in the general population. The implications of this complexity for molecular epidemiology studies, as well as concepts that may make these challenges more manageable, are discussed. The concepts include both experimental and computational approaches that could be employed to develop predictors of disease susceptibility based on DNA repair genotype, focusing initially on studies to assess functional impact on individual proteins and pathways and then on molecular epidemiology studies to assess exposure-dependent health risk. In closing, we raise some of the non-technical challenges to the utilization of the full richness of the genetic variation to reduce disease occurrence and ultimately improve health care. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - DISEASES -- Risk factors
KW  - Challenges and complexities
KW  - Disease risk
KW  - Human DNA repair genes
N1  - Accession Number: 9546281; Mohrenweiser, Harvey W. 1; Email Address: mohrenweiser1@llnl.gov Wilson III, David M. 2 Jones, Irene M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-448, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore CA 94551-0808, USA  2: Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, GRC, National Institute of Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore MD 21224-6825, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 526 Issue 1/2, p93; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: DISEASES -- Risk factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Challenges and complexities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disease risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human DNA repair genes; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0027-5107(03)00049-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Crespo López-Urrutia, J.R.
AU  - Utter, S.B.
AU  - Träbert, E.
AU  - Gustavsson, M.G.H.
AU  - Forssén, C.
AU  - Mårtensson-Pendrill, A.-M.
T1  - Hyperfine structure of heavy hydrogen-like ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The hyperfine splittings of the 1s hydrogen-like ground level of two isotopes of thallium were measured using the SuperEBIT electron beam ion trap. The measurements allowed us to accurately infer a magnetization radius. The inferred radius exceeds the single particle estimate by about 10% and the nuclear charge radius by about 7%. Because two isotopes were measured, we were able to observe for the first time the interaction between the finite size of the nuclear magnetization distribution and the finite size of the charge distribution on the hyperfine anomaly. The measured isotope difference of 30.59 ± 0.38 meV differs from the value of 31.04 ± 0.01 meV inferred from neutral thallium using a point magnetic dipole approximation, but is in good agreement with the difference of 30.71 ± 0.16 meV calculated by using an extended magnetic dipole. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYPERFINE structure
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - Hyperfine anomaly
KW  - Hyperfine structure
KW  - Nuclear magnetization
KW  - Thallium
N1  - Accession Number: 9721586; Beiersdorfer, P. 1; Email Address: beiersdorfer@llnl.gov Crespo López-Urrutia, J.R. 1 Utter, S.B. 1 Träbert, E. 1 Gustavsson, M.G.H. 2 Forssén, C. 2 Mårtensson-Pendrill, A.-M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Physics and Engineering Physics, Göteborg University and Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p62; Subject Term: HYPERFINE structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperfine anomaly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperfine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thallium; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00534-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Träbert, E.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Gwinner, G.
AU  - Pinnington, E.H.
AU  - Wolf, A.
T1  - M1 transition rates from electron beam ion trap and heavy-ion storage ring
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The transition probability of the magnetic dipole (M1) transition 2s22p 2P<f>o</f> <f>J=1/2</f> to <f>J′=3/2</f> (<f>λ=574.19</f> nm) in the B-like ion Cl12+ has been measured using two different light sources, the Heidelberg heavy-ion storage ring TSR and the Livermore electron beam ion trap EBIT-I. Our results for the atomic level lifetime are (<f>21.2±0.6</f>) ms from the heavy-ion storage ring and (<f>21.0±0.5</f>) ms from the electron beam ion trap. Particular attention has been paid to systematic errors, using these measurements as well as recent measurements on Fe10+ and Fe13+ ions as examples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION traps
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - Atomic lifetimes
KW  - Forbidden transitions
KW  - Ion trapping
N1  - Accession Number: 9721592; Träbert, E. 1,2; Email Address: traebert@ep3.ruhr-uni-bochum.de Beiersdorfer, P. 2 Gwinner, G. 3 Pinnington, E.H. 4 Wolf, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Experimentalphysik III NB3, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany  2: Division of Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, USA  3: Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D-69117, Heidelberg, Germany  4: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2J1; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p83; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic lifetimes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forbidden transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion trapping; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00545-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takács, E.
AU  - Silver, E.
AU  - Laming, J.M.
AU  - Gillaspy, J.D.
AU  - Schnopper, H.
AU  - Brickhouse, N.
AU  - Barbera, M.
AU  - Mantraga, M.
AU  - Ratliff, L.P.
AU  - Tawara, H.
AU  - Makónyi, K.
AU  - Madden, N.
AU  - Landis, D.
AU  - Beeman, J.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
T1  - Astrophysics and spectroscopy with microcalorimeters on an electron beam ion trap
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Electron beam ion traps combined with X-ray microcalorimeters provide an indispensable tool for laboratory astrophysics supporting recent and future X-ray missions. The program at the National Institute of Standards and Technology uses spectroscopic methods to study highly ionized plasmas and atomic physics related to astrophysics problems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ION traps
KW  - Electron beam ion trap
KW  - Highly charged ion
KW  - Laboratory astrophysics
KW  - Microcalorimeter
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 9721606; Takács, E. 1,2,3; Email Address: endre.takacs@nist.gov Silver, E. 4 Laming, J.M. 5 Gillaspy, J.D. 1 Schnopper, H. 4 Brickhouse, N. 4 Barbera, M. 6 Mantraga, M. 6 Ratliff, L.P. 1 Tawara, H. 1 Makónyi, K. 1 Madden, N. 7 Landis, D. 7 Beeman, J. 7 Haller, E.E. 7; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8421, USA  2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 20375, USA  3: Debrecen University, Bem tér 18/a, Debrecen H-4026, Hungary  4: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  5: E.O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA  6: INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo G.S. Vaiana, Palermo, Italy  7: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p144; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ION traps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam ion trap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Highly charged ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laboratory astrophysics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcalorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00937-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Behar, E.
AU  - Boyce, K.R.
AU  - Brown, G.V.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Gendreau, K.C.
AU  - Graf, A.
AU  - Gu, M.-F.
AU  - Harris, C.L.
AU  - Kahn, S.M.
AU  - Kelley, R.L.
AU  - Lepson, J.K.
AU  - May, M.J.
AU  - Neill, P.A.
AU  - Pinnington, E.H.
AU  - Porter, F.S.
AU  - Smith, A.J.
AU  - Stahle, C.K.
AU  - Szymkowiak, A.E.
AU  - Tillotson, A.
T1  - Overview of the Livermore electron beam ion trap project
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The Livermore electron beam ion trap facility has recently been moved to a new location within LLNL, and new instrumentation was added, including a 32-pixel microcalorimeter. The move was accompanied by a shift of focus toward in situ measurements of highly charged ions, which continue with increased vigor. Overviews of the facility, which includes EBIT-I and SuperEBIT, and the research projects are given, including results from optical spectroscopy, QED, and X-ray line excitation measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION traps
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Electron beam ion trap
KW  - Microcalorimeter
KW  - Spectroscopy (X-ray and optical)
KW  - SuperEBIT
N1  - Accession Number: 9721610; Beiersdorfer, P. 1; Email Address: beiersdorfer@llnl.gov Behar, E. 2 Boyce, K.R. 3 Brown, G.V. 3 Chen, H. 1 Gendreau, K.C. 3 Graf, A. 4 Gu, M.-F. 5 Harris, C.L. 6 Kahn, S.M. 2 Kelley, R.L. 3 Lepson, J.K. 7 May, M.J. 1 Neill, P.A. 6 Pinnington, E.H. 8 Porter, F.S. 3 Smith, A.J. 9 Stahle, C.K. 3 Szymkowiak, A.E. 3 Tillotson, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-260, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  3: Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  4: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  5: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  6: University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  7: University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  8: University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta, Canada T6G 2J1  9: Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p173; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam ion trap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcalorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy (X-ray and optical); Author-Supplied Keyword: SuperEBIT; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00941-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721610&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stöhlker, Th.
AU  - Banas, D.
AU  - Beyer, H.F.
AU  - Gumberidze, A
AU  - Kozhuharov, C.
AU  - Kanter, E.
AU  - Krings, T.
AU  - Lewoczko, W.
AU  - Ma, X.
AU  - Protic, D.
AU  - Sierpowski, D.
AU  - Spillmann, U.
AU  - Tachenov, S.
AU  - Warczak, A.
T1  - Applications of position sensitive germanium detectors for X-ray spectroscopy of highly charged heavy ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 210
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The spectroscopy of atomic transitions in the hard X-ray regime above 15 keV utilizing position-sensitive solid state detectors is discussed. Special emphasis is given to the current detector developments for X-ray spectroscopy of heavy ions at the ESR storage ring where applications for precision spectroscopy as well as for polarization studies are of particular interest. For both cases, the advantages and new possibilities which are opened up by position and energy resolving solid state detectors are illustrated by the presentation of first experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRONS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - High-<f>Z</f> ions
KW  - Photon polarization
KW  - Position sensitive detectors
KW  - Radiative electron capture
N1  - Accession Number: 9721618; Stöhlker, Th. 1,2; Email Address: t.stoehlker@gsi.de Banas, D. 1,3 Beyer, H.F. 1 Gumberidze, A 1,2,4 Kozhuharov, C. 1 Kanter, E. 5 Krings, T. 6 Lewoczko, W. 7 Ma, X. 8 Protic, D. 6 Sierpowski, D. 7 Spillmann, U. 1,2 Tachenov, S. 1,2 Warczak, A. 7; Affiliation:  1: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany  2: Institut für Kernphysik, University of Frankfurt, Germany  3: Institute of Physics Swietokrzyska Academy, 25-406 Kielce, Poland  4: Tblisi State University, Tblisi, Georgia  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA  6: Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Kernphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany  7: Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland  8: Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p210; Subject Term: POSITRONS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-<f>Z</f> ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position sensitive detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative electron capture; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00557-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721618&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matranga, Marco
AU  - Barbera, Marco
AU  - Maggio, Antonio
AU  - Peres, Giovanni
AU  - Serio, Salvatore
AU  - Takács, Endre
AU  - Silver, Eric
AU  - Gillaspy, John
AU  - Schnopper, Herbert
AU  - Laming, Martin
AU  - Beeman, Jeff
AU  - Haller, Eugen
AU  - Madden, Norman
T1  - EBIT diagnostics using X-ray spectra of highly ionized Ne
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We have carried out a detailed analysis of highly ionized neon spectra collected at the NIST EBIT using an NTD germanium X-ray microcalorimeter developed at the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 444 (2000) 156]. Our attention was focused especially on the Ne IX He-like triplet to check electron density diagnostics through the intercombination/forbidden line ratio. We have investigated possible effects of the ion dynamics on the plasma emission line intensities, looking at the dependence of the count-rate and the charge state distribution on the electron beam energy and current. The temperature and spatial distribution of the neon ions, and hence the overlap between the electron beam and the ion cloud, depend on the electron beam operating parameters. The overlap affects the average electron density seen by the ions, and in turn the measured line ratio. These results underscore the value of future improved studies of the trapped ion dynamics, both for understanding the EBIT performance and for allowing experimenters to take full advantage of its potential for astrophysical plasma diagnostics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - EBIT
KW  - Excitation
KW  - Ionization of atoms
KW  - X-ray spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 9721626; Matranga, Marco 1 Barbera, Marco 2; Email Address: barbera@astropa.unipa.it Maggio, Antonio 2 Peres, Giovanni 1,2 Serio, Salvatore 1,2 Takács, Endre 3,4 Silver, Eric 5 Gillaspy, John 6 Schnopper, Herbert 5 Laming, Martin 7 Beeman, Jeff 8 Haller, Eugen 8 Madden, Norman 8; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche ed Astronomiche, Universita’ degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo 90134, Italy  2: INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, G.S. Vaiana, Palermo I-90134, Italy  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  4: University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4026, Hungary  5: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  6: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  7: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA  8: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p244; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: EBIT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization of atoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray spectra; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00943-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721626&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biedermann, C.
AU  - Radtke, R.
AU  - Fournier, K.
T1  - Line ratios and wavelengths of helium-like argon <f>n=2</f> satellite transitions and resonance lines
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The characteristic X-ray emission from helium-like argon was investigated as a mean to diagnose hot plasmas. We have measured the radiation from <f>n=2−1</f> parent lines and from KLn dielectronic recombination satellites with high wavelength resolution as function of the excitation energy using the Berlin Electron Beam Ion Trap. Values of wavelength relative to the resonance and forbidden line are tabulated and compared with references. The line intensity observed over a wide range of excitation energies is weighted with a Maxwellian electron-energy distribution to analyze line ratios as function of plasma temperature. Line ratios <f>(j+z)/w</f> and <f>k/w</f> compare nicely with theoretical predictions and demonstrate their applicability as temperature diagnostic. The ratio <f>z/(x+y)</f> shows not to depend on the electron density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - EBIT
KW  - Highly charged ions
KW  - Line ratios
KW  - Plasma-temperature diagnostic
KW  - Wavelength
KW  - X-ray-spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9721628; Biedermann, C. 1; Email Address: biedermann@ipp.mpg.de Radtke, R. 1 Fournier, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Bereich Plasmadiagnostik, D-10117 Berlin, Germany  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p255; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: EBIT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Highly charged ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Line ratios; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma-temperature diagnostic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wavelength; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray-spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01973-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721628&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schippers, S.
AU  - Müller, A.
AU  - Ricz, S.
AU  - Bannister, M.E.
AU  - Dunn, G.H.
AU  - Bozek, J.
AU  - Schlachter, A.S.
AU  - Hinojosa, G.
AU  - Cisneros, C.
AU  - Aguilar, A.
AU  - Covington, A.M.
AU  - Gharaibeh, M.F.
AU  - Phaneuf, R.A.
T1  - Photoionization of Sc2+: Experimental link with photorecombination of Sc3+ by application of detailed balance
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The principle of microscopic time-reversal of physical processes, detailed balance, is widely used and depended upon in the theoretical community as a connection between the inverse processes of photorecombination (PR) and photoionization (PI). This paper reports on a novel use of detailed balance and the comparison of experimental results obtained by two very distinct techniques to determine both the metastable fraction of an ion beam and partial Sc3+ PR cross sections and partial Sc2+ PI cross sections for the ground state and for two metastable states. The Sc2+ to Sc3+ system presents a unique opportunity to obtain comprehensive state-selective information by combining results from PR and PI experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - Detailed balance
KW  - Heavy-ion storage ring
KW  - Merged beams
KW  - Photoionization
KW  - Photorecombination
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 9721637; Schippers, S. 1; Email Address: stefan.e.schippers@strz.uni-giessen.de Müller, A. 1 Ricz, S. 2 Bannister, M.E. 3 Dunn, G.H. 4 Bozek, J. 5 Schlachter, A.S. 5 Hinojosa, G. 6 Cisneros, C. 6 Aguilar, A. 7 Covington, A.M. 7 Gharaibeh, M.F. 7 Phaneuf, R.A. 7; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Kernphysik, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Leihgesterner Weg 217, D-35392 Giessen, Germany  2: Institute of Nuclear Research (ATOMKI), H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA  5: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-6R2100, USA  6: Centro de Ciencias Fisicas, UNAM, Cuernavaca 62131, Mexico  7: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p297; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detailed balance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-ion storage ring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Merged beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photorecombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01965-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721637&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Müller, A.
AU  - Phaneuf, R.A.
AU  - Aguilar, A.
AU  - Gharaibeh, M.F.
AU  - Schlachter, A.S.
AU  - Álvarez, I.
AU  - Cisneros, C.
AU  - Hinojosa, G.
AU  - McLaughlin, B.M.
T1  - Photoionization of C2+ ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We have investigated valence-shell photoionization (PI) of 1S ground state and 3Po metastable states of C2+ ions. Absolute PI cross-sections were measured in the range 40.7–56.4 eV with an energy spread of 30 meV using a photon–ion merged beams arrangement at the Advanced Light Source (ALS). Detailed calculations based on the semi-relativistic Breit–Pauli <f>R</f>-matrix approach suggest a fraction of 40% of metastable ions in the primary beam of the experiment. Additional high resolution measurements have been carried out with an energy spread as low as 7.5 meV. The new data permit a sensitive test of theory with respect to the individual PI cross-section contributions originating from the different 3P0,1,2 fine-structure components of the initial triplet states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - Photoionization
KW  - Photorecombination
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Time reversal
KW  - Two-electron–one-photon transitions
N1  - Accession Number: 9721638; Müller, A. 1; Email Address: alfred.mueller@strz.uni-giessen.de Phaneuf, R.A. 2 Aguilar, A. 2,3 Gharaibeh, M.F. 2 Schlachter, A.S. 3 Álvarez, I. 4 Cisneros, C. 4 Hinojosa, G. 4 McLaughlin, B.M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Kernphysik, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Leihgesterner Weg 217, Giessen D-35392, Germany  2: Department of Physics, MS 220, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0058, USA  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 7-100, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Centro de Ciencias Físicas, UNAM, Apartado Postal 6-96, Cuernavaca 62131, Mexico  5: School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p301; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photorecombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time reversal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-electron–one-photon transitions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01969-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721638&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schnell, M.
AU  - Bannister, M.E.
AU  - Böhm, S.
AU  - Gwinner, G.
AU  - Kieslich, S.
AU  - Müller, A.
AU  - Schippers, S.
AU  - Schwalm, D.
AU  - Shi, W.
AU  - Wolf, A.
AU  - Zhou, S.-G.
T1  - Trielectronic recombination in Be-like ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Recombination between Be-like ions and free electrons was measured using the merged-beams technique at the TSR storage ring. Trielectronic recombination via triply excited intermediate states was found to contribute significantly to the recombination spectrum. The strength of this process relies strongly on the absence of continua of singly-excited core states. Calculations corroborate the experimental findings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - Autoionisation
KW  - Dielectronic
KW  - Merged beams
KW  - Recombination
KW  - Storage ring
KW  - Trielectronic
N1  - Accession Number: 9721651; Schnell, M. 1; Email Address: michael.schnell@mpi-hd.mpg.de Bannister, M.E. 2 Böhm, S. 3 Gwinner, G. 1 Kieslich, S. 3 Müller, A. 3 Schippers, S. 3 Schwalm, D. 1 Shi, W. 3 Wolf, A. 1 Zhou, S.-G. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Institut für Kernphysik, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Giessen, Germany  4: School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p367; Subject Term: NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autoionisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectronic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Merged beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage ring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trielectronic; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00539-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721651&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, A.C.H.
AU  - Bannister, M.E.
AU  - Chung, Y.-S.
AU  - Derkatch, A.M.
AU  - Djurić, N.
AU  - Krause, H.F.
AU  - Popovic, D.B.
AU  - Wallbank, B.
AU  - Dunn, G.H.
T1  - Absolute measurements of cross-sections for near-threshold electron-impact excitation of Na-like and Mg-like multiply-charged ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The JILA-ORNL merged electron–ion beam energy-loss apparatus has been used to measure absolute cross-sections for excitation of multiply-charged ions over the past several years. Recent measurements for the Na-like ions Al<f>2+</f> and Cl<f>6+</f> and the Mg-like ion Cl<f>5+</f> are presented and are compared with earlier measurements on the isoelectronic ions and with theoretical results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON impact ionization
KW  - IONS
KW  - Electron impact
KW  - Excitation
KW  - Multiply-charged ions
N1  - Accession Number: 9721665; Smith, A.C.H. 1 Bannister, M.E. 2; Email Address: bannisterme@ornl.gov Chung, Y.-S. 3 Derkatch, A.M. 4 Djurić, N. 5 Krause, H.F. 2 Popovic, D.B. 5 Wallbank, B. 6 Dunn, G.H. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372, USA  3: Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 305-764 Daejon, South Korea  4: Department of Physics, Stockholm University, S-11385 Stockholm, Sweden  5: JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA  6: St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada B2G 2W5; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p421; Subject Term: ELECTRON impact ionization; Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiply-charged ions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02051-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burgdörfer, Joachim
AU  - Reinhold, Carlos O.
AU  - Meyer, Fred
T1  - Interaction of highly charged ions with insulator surfaces at low velocities: Estimates for Auger rates
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 690
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The interaction of highly charged ions (HCIs) with matter at low velocities continues to pose a considerable challenge to theory. After a brief overview over the scenario of neutralization and relaxation, we focus on one particularly difficult problem: reliable estimates for two-electron transition rates for highly charged ions interacting with insulator surfaces. Three different processes are considered: intra-atomic Auger, Auger capture and Auger deexcitation. They represent input for simulations of neutralization of HCIs near surfaces. Simple universal estimates as functions of the distance to the surface, as well as initial and final state populations are presented which are believed to provide reasonable order of magnitude estimates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - Charge transfer
KW  - Insulators
KW  - Interatomic Auger rates
KW  - Ion–surface scattering
KW  - Neutralization
N1  - Accession Number: 9721717; Burgdörfer, Joachim 1; Email Address: burg@concord.itp.tuwien.ac.at Reinhold, Carlos O. 2 Meyer, Fred 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p690; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interatomic Auger rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion–surface scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutralization; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01943-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer, F.W.
AU  - Krause, H.F.
AU  - Vane, C.R.
T1  - Projectile neutralization in large-angle back-scattering of slow F<f>q+</f>, Ne<f>q+</f> and Ar<f>q+</f> incident on RbI(<f>1 0 0</f>)
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 700
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The scattering of multi-charged ions (MCI) from the [1 0 0] surface of a RbI single crystal has been studied using a 120° back-scattering technique in the keV energy regime. Scattered charge-state distributions were measured as a function of the polar incidence angle and the target azimuthal orientation. Preliminary results indicate that “quasi-binary” collisions associated with scattering from a Rb or I site can be clearly distinguished for each scattered final charge state. The charge-state distribution and the relative Rb/I binary collision yields for scattered ions are found to depend on both the beam incidence angle and the target azimuthal orientation. The preliminary RbI(1 0 0) results are discussed in the context of earlier experimental and theoretical studies of MCI scattering on a Au(1 1 0) surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Highly charged projectile neutralization
KW  - Ion-surface scattering
KW  - Multi-charged ions
KW  - RbI
N1  - Accession Number: 9721718; Meyer, F.W.; Email Address: meyerfw@ornl.gov Krause, H.F. 1 Vane, C.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p700; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Highly charged projectile neutralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-surface scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-charged ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: RbI; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01957-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721718&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Azuma, T.
AU  - Muranaka, T.
AU  - Takabayashi, Y.
AU  - Ito, T.
AU  - Kondo, C.
AU  - Komaki, K.
AU  - Yamazaki, Y.
AU  - Datz, S.
AU  - Takada, E.
AU  - Murakami, T.
T1  - Angular distribution of X-ray emission from resonant coherently excited highly-charged heavy ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 779
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - X-rays emitted from resonant coherently excited (RCE) <f>n=2</f> states of 390 MeV/amu hydrogen-like Ar17+ ions were observed under planar channeling in a Si crystal. The resonance profiles for X-ray emission consisting of two peaks for <f>j=1/2</f> and <f>j=3/2</f> are characterized by suppression of the <f>j=1/2</f> peak. The degeneracy of the <f>n=2</f> states are removed by Stark effect due to the static crystal field. The RCE probability of these Stark splitted substates differs, reflecting the polarization of the oscillating crystal field. However, the associated alignment was not clearly observed. It is explained by the fact that both polarization of the oscillating crystal field and the wave functions of Stark-mixed <f>n=2</f> states depend on the distance from the channel center, and the X-ray emission is preferred in a channel center in a crystal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHANNELING (Physics)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Channeling
KW  - Polarization
KW  - Resonant coherent excitation
KW  - Spin–orbit interaction
KW  - Stark effect
N1  - Accession Number: 9721734; Azuma, T. 1; Email Address: azuma@phys.metro-u.ac.jp Muranaka, T. 1 Takabayashi, Y. 2 Ito, T. 2 Kondo, C. 2 Komaki, K. 2 Yamazaki, Y. 2,3 Datz, S. 4 Takada, E. 5 Murakami, T. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan  2: Institute of Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan  3: Atomic Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  5: National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p779; Subject Term: CHANNELING (Physics); Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Channeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant coherent excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin–orbit interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stark effect; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00576-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minami, Tatsuya
AU  - Reinhold, Carlos O.
AU  - Burgdörfer, Joachim
T1  - Quantum trajectory Monte Carlo method describing the coherent dynamics of highly charged ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 818
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We present a theoretical framework for studying dynamics of open quantum systems. Our formalism gives a systematic path from Hamiltonians constructed by first principles to a Monte Carlo algorithm. Our Monte Carlo calculation can treat the build-up and time evolution of coherences. We employ a reduced density matrix approach in which the total system is divided into a system of interest and its environment. An equation of motion for the reduced density matrix is written in the Lindblad form using an additional approximation to the Born–Markov approximation. The Lindblad form allows the solution of this multi-state problem in terms of Monte Carlo sampling of quantum trajectories. The Monte Carlo method is advantageous in terms of computer storage compared to direct solutions of the equation of motion. We apply our method to discuss coherence properties of the internal state of a Kr35+ ion subject to spontaneous radiative decay. Simulations exhibit clear signatures of coherent transitions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - Lindblad form
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Open quantum system
KW  - Redfield equation
KW  - Spontaneous radiative decay
N1  - Accession Number: 9721742; Minami, Tatsuya 1; Email Address: tminami@ornl.gov Reinhold, Carlos O. 2 Burgdörfer, Joachim 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372, USA  3: Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p818; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lindblad form; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Open quantum system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Redfield equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spontaneous radiative decay; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00531-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seliger, M.
AU  - Tőkési, K.
AU  - Reinhold, C.O.
AU  - Burgdörfer, J.
T1  - Highly transverse velocity distribution of convoy electrons emitted by highly charged ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 205
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 830
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We present a theoretical study of convoy electron emission resulting from highly charged ion (HCI) transport through carbon foils. Employing a classical transport theory we analyze the angular and energy distribution formed by multiple scattering of electrons in the solid. We find that the convoy electron distribution becomes highly transverse at intermediate foil thicknesses representing an oblate spheroidal distribution due to the stepwise excitation of the HCI. The calculated convoy electron spectra are found to be in good agreement with recent measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - IONS
KW  - Convoy electron emission
KW  - CTT
N1  - Accession Number: 9721744; Seliger, M. 1; Email Address: marek@concord.itp.tuwien.ac.at Tőkési, K. 2 Reinhold, C.O. 3 Burgdörfer, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria  2: Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6373, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 205 Issue 1-4, p830; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convoy electron emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: CTT; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00587-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chugunov, A.I.
AU  - Baiko, D.A.
AU  - Yakovlev, D.G.
AU  - De Witt, H.E.
AU  - Slattery, W.L.
T1  - Pair distribution of ions in Coulomb crystals
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 323
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
SN  - 03784371
AB  - The pair distribution function <f>g(r)</f> of ions in body-centered-cubic and face-centered-cubic Coulomb crystals is calculated using the harmonic-lattice (HL) approximation in a wide temperature range, from the high-temperature classical regime (<f>T≫ℎωp, ωp</f> is the ion plasma frequency) to the low-temperature quantum regime <f>(T≪ℎωp)</f>. The radial pair distribution function <f>g(r)</f> is calculated by averaging <f>g(r)</f> over orientations of <f>r</f>. In the classical limit, <f>g(r)</f> is also obtained from extensive Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. MC and HL results are shown to be in good agreement. With decreasing temperature <f>T</f>, the correlation peaks of <f>g(r)</f> and <f>g(r)</f> become narrower and finally freeze at <f>T≪ℎωp</f> being solely determined by zero-point ion vibrations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLEAR forces (Physics)
KW  - Correlations
KW  - Coulomb crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 9892383; Chugunov, A.I. 1 Baiko, D.A. 1 Yakovlev, D.G. 1; Email Address: yak@astro.ioffe.rssi.ru De Witt, H.E. 2 Slattery, W.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, 194021 St.-Petersburg, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 323 Issue 1-4, p413; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR forces (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Correlations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulomb crystals; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)02027-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hilton, David K.
AU  - Van Sciver, Steven W.
T1  - Quantum turbulence in He II induced by second sound shock pulses
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 228
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Direct measurements are presented of quantum turbulence in He II induced by second sound shock (SSS) pulses in a wide channel. Through the use of a leaky capacitor fit, a growth and decay characterization of the quantum turbulence is extracted from the measurements. As an example of this, a plot is shown of peak excess attenuation, which is proportional to the quantum turbulence, versus initial pulse energy. Also taken is an explicit energy account of the quantum turbulence as well as of the SSS pulses that induced the turbulence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Quantum turbulence
KW  - Second sound shock
KW  - Superfluid helium
KW  - Thermal diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 9892535; Hilton, David K. 1,2; Email Address: hilton@magnet.fsu.edu Van Sciver, Steven W. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Mechanical Engineering Department, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 329-333, p228; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Second sound shock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superfluid helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal diffusion; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01970-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892535&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avdeev, M.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Ribeiro, R.A.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Crystal chemistry of carbon-substituted MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 387
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Neutron powder diffraction has been used to characterize a sample of C-substituted MgB2 synthesized from Mg and B4C (with isotopically enriched 11B). The sample is multiphase, with the major phase [73.4(1) wt%] being Mg(B<f>1−x</f>C<f>x</f>)2 with <f>x=0.10(2)</f>. Minor phases include MgB2C2, Mg, and MgO. The major Mg(B<f>1−x</f>C<f>x</f>)2 phase displays diffraction peak widths as sharp as for pure MgB2, indicating good C homogeneity. There is no evidence for ordering of the substituted C atoms or distortion of the host structure other than contraction of the <f>a</f> axis and slight expansion of the <f>c</f> axis. The observed changes in lattice parameters vs. C concentration provide a means for estimating the C concentration in other Mg(B<f>1−x</f>C<f>x</f>)2 samples. The reduction in <f>Tc</f> resulting from 10% C substitution is much larger than previously reported, suggesting that previous reports of the C concentration in Mg(B<f>1−x</f>C<f>x</f>)2 are overestimated. The Mg site occupancy is determined to be 0.990(4) which is consistent with full Mg occupancy. Given these results, the stoichiometry Mg(B0.9C0.1)2 should be used by future attempts (band structural or otherwise) to explain (i) the dramatic suppression of <f>Tc</f> (<f>Tc&ap;22</f> K) and (ii) the persistence of the two-superconducting-gap feature in the specific heat data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - Composition
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Doping of MgB2
KW  - MgB2
N1  - Accession Number: 9403642; Avdeev, M. 1 Jorgensen, J.D. 1; Email Address: jjorgensen@anl.gov Ribeiro, R.A. 2 Bud’ko, S.L. 2 Canfield, P.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 223, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 3/4, p301; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doping of MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00722-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Fisher, B.L.
AU  - Venkataraman, K.
AU  - Maroni, V.A.
AU  - Vlasko-Vlasov, V.
AU  - Berghuis, P.
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Gray, K.E.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Pulsed laser deposition of <f>c</f>-axis untilted YBCO films on <f>c</f>-axis tilted ISD MgO-buffered metallic substrates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 387
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Biaxially textured MgO template layer was deposited on nontextured metal substrates by inclined-substrate deposition (ISD) at a deposition rate of 24–600 nm/min. <f>c</f>-axis untilted YBa2Cu3O<f>7−x</f> (YBCO) films were deposited on these MgO-buffered substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The crystalline structures of the YBCO films and MgO layers were examined by X-ray pole figure analysis, X-ray <f>φ</f>-scans, and <f>χ</f>-scans. A tilt angle of 33° of the MgO[0 0 1] with respect to the substrate normal and <f>c</f>-axis untilted YBCO films were observed, respectively. Good biaxial texture of these films with full-width-at-half-maximum values of 13.8° and 10.6° for the <f>φ</f>-scans of YBCO(1 0 3) and MgO(2 2 0), respectively, were obtained. Morphologies were examined by scanning electron microscopy, which revealed a unique roof-tile feature and columnar grain growth for the ISD MgO layer. Raman spectroscopy and magneto-optical image technique were also used to evaluate the quality of the YBCO film. An angular dependence of <f>Jc</f> on the direction of an applied magnetic field confirmed the <f>c</f>-axis untilted orientation of the YBCO films. <f>Tc=90</f> K with sharp transition and <f>Jc=3.0×105</f> A/cm2 at 77 K in zero field were obtained on 0.4-μm-thick YBCO films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - Biaxial texture
KW  - ISD
KW  - Pulsed laser deposition
KW  - YBCO-coated conductor
N1  - Accession Number: 9403633; Li, M. 1; Email Address: myli@anl.gov Ma, B. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Fisher, B.L. 1 Venkataraman, K. 2 Maroni, V.A. 2 Vlasko-Vlasov, V. 3 Berghuis, P. 3 Welp, U. 3 Gray, K.E. 3 Balachandran, U. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 387 Issue 3/4, p373; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biaxial texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO-coated conductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02332-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9403633&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camera, F.
AU  - Bracco, A.
AU  - Nanal, V.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Della Vedova, F.
AU  - Leoni, S.
AU  - Million, B.
AU  - Mantovani, S.
AU  - Pignanelli, M.
AU  - Wieland, O.
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Heinz, A.M.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Jenkins, D.
AU  - Khoo, T.L.
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - McClintock, B.
AU  - Mitsuoka, S.
T1  - Radiative fusion from very symmetric reactions: the giant dipole resonance in the 179Au nucleus
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 560
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The spectra of high-energy <f>γ</f> rays emitted by the Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR) built on moderately excited states associated with the evaporation of 0, 1 and 2 nucleons were measured in the <f>90Zr + 89Y</f> symmetric fusion reaction. The radiative fusion data suggest statistical emission from the compound nucleus. In addition, the analysis of the high-energy <f>γ</f>-ray spectra associated with the different evaporation channels at the present temperature of 0.7 MeV and spin range 15–20 <f>ℎ</f> show a fairly narrow width of <f>5.0±0.35</f> MeV. This value is smaller than what would be expected in a nucleus where shell effects do not play a role. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HIGH energy radiotherapy
N1  - Accession Number: 9545623; Camera, F. 1; Email Address: franco.camera@mi.infn.it Bracco, A. 1 Nanal, V. 2,3 Carpenter, M.P. 2 Della Vedova, F. 1 Leoni, S. 1 Million, B. 1 Mantovani, S. 1 Pignanelli, M. 1 Wieland, O. 1 Back, B.B. 2 Heinz, A.M. 2 Janssens, R.V.F. 2 Jenkins, D. 2 Khoo, T.L. 2 Kondev, F.G. 2 Lauritsen, T. 2 Lister, C.J. 2 McClintock, B. 2 Mitsuoka, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Milano and INFN, Milano, Italy  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60459, USA  3: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 560 Issue 3/4, p155; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HIGH energy radiotherapy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00403-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schramm, S.
T1  - Nuclear and neutron star radii
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 560
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We investigate the correlation between nuclear neutron radii and the radius of neutron stars. We use a well-established hadronic SU(3) model based on chiral symmetry that naturally includes nonlinear vector meson and scalar meson–vector meson couplings. The relative strengths of the couplings modify the nuclear isospin-dependent interactions. We study the dependence of nuclear and neutron star radii on the coupling strengths. The relevance of the results for parity-violating electron–nucleus scattering is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON radiography
KW  - NEUTRON stars
KW  - 21.60.-n
N1  - Accession Number: 9545625; Schramm, S. 1; Email Address: schramm@theory.phy.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 560 Issue 3/4, p164; Subject Term: NEUTRON radiography; Subject Term: NEUTRON stars; Author-Supplied Keyword: 21.60.-n; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00408-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Archuleta, Ralph J.
AU  - Liu, Pengcheng
AU  - Steidl, Jamison H.
AU  - Bonilla, L. Fabian
AU  - Lavallée, Daniel
AU  - Heuze, Francois
T1  - Finite-fault site-specific acceleration time histories that include nonlinear soil response
JO  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
JF  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 137
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 00319201
AB  - To estimate the broadband strong ground motion one might expect at a given site we develop a method that includes heterogeneous slip on a finite-fault, full wave propagation with high frequencies, and site-specific material properties with nonlinear soil response. The faulting is simulated as a stochastic process with the spatial variation of the key parameters determined by probability distribution functions. The wave propagation from source to site is accounted for by using small earthquake recordings as empirical Green’s functions (EGF). This accounts for the regional effects of scattering, attenuation and structure while providing the basis for a broadband (0.5–10 Hz) time history. Because we are interested in sites where the ground motion is expected to be severe, we have included nonlinear wave propagation through the soil. The material properties of the soil column have been determined from laboratory tests, borehole logs and confirmed through seismological modeling of weak motion. We have computed 240 three-component acceleration time histories to represent the range of ground motion one might expect from a M 6.8 earthquake for a site that is located 10 km above the hanging wall of blind thrust (7.1 km closest distance). Based on the suite of time histories we computed a S.D. of 0.45 (natural log units) for the acceleration response spectra in the passband 0.5–10 Hz. The total S.D. (modeling plus parameterization) is 0.6 in natural log units. The mean acceleration response spectrum is near the median 10% in 50-year probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) spectrum for the site; the 84% spectrum of the simulations is closer to the 5% in 50 years median spectrum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTHQUAKES
KW  - ACCELEROGRAMS
KW  - Accelerogram
KW  - Earthquake
KW  - Nonlinearity
KW  - Site response
N1  - Accession Number: 9951487; Archuleta, Ralph J. 1; Email Address: ralph@crustal.ucsb.edu Liu, Pengcheng 2; Email Address: pcliu@crustal.ucsb.edu Steidl, Jamison H. 2; Email Address: steidl@crustal.ucsb.edu Bonilla, L. Fabian 3; Email Address: fabian.bonilla@irsn.fr Lavallée, Daniel 2; Email Address: daniel@crustal.ucsb.edu Heuze, Francois 4; Email Address: heuze@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Crustal Studies, Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  2: Institute for Crustal Studies, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  3: Centre d’Etudes Nucléaires, IRSN/DPRE/SERGD/BERSSIN, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses, Cedex, France  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 137 Issue 1-4, p153; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKES; Subject Term: ACCELEROGRAMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerogram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earthquake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinearity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site response; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0031-9201(03)00013-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cumings, John
AU  - Mickelson, W.
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Simplified synthesis of double-wall carbon nanotubes
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/05/15/
VL  - 126
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We demonstrate a simplified synthesis technique for double-wall carbon nanotubes that is an adaptation of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques used previously for the production of single-wall nanotubes. Double-wall nanotubes (DWNTs) provide ideal geometries for numerous fundamental structural, electronic, thermal and vibrational studies, as well as providing a unique new platform for practical applications. The diameter distribution of DWNTs is broad, and it is possible that in previous studies using CVD-grown small-diameter nanotubes, presumed to be single-wall, there were significant numbers of DWNTs present. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - A. Nanostructures
KW  - D. Chemical vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 9481919; Cumings, John 1 Mickelson, W. 1 Zettl, A.; Email Address: azettl@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 126 Issue 6, p359; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nanostructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Chemical vapor deposition; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(02)00881-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fritz, James S.
AU  - Arena, Matteo P.
AU  - Steiner, Steven A.
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
T1  - Rapid determination of ions by combined solid-phase extraction–diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/05/16/
VL  - 997
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 00219673
AB  - We introduce colorimetric solid-phase extraction (C-SPE) for the rapid determination of selected ions. This new technique links the exhaustive concentration of an analyte by SPE onto a membrane disk surface for quantitative measurement with a hand-held diffuse reflectance spectrometer. The concentration/measurement procedure is complete in ∼1 min and can be performed almost anywhere. This method has been used to monitor iodine and iodide in spacecraft water in the 0.1–5.0 ppm range and silver(I) in the range of 5.0–1000 μg/l. Applications to the trace analysis of copper(II), nickel(II), iron(III) and chromium(VI) are described. Studies on the mechanism of extraction showed that impregnation of the disk with a surfactant as well as a complexing reagent results in uptake of additional water, which markedly improves the extraction efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ions
KW  - Solid phase extraction
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Colorimetric analysis
KW  - Cations
KW  - Metal cations
N1  - Accession Number: 9855683; Fritz, James S.; Email Address: kniss@ameslab.gov; Arena, Matteo P. 1; Steiner, Steven A. 1; Porter, Marc D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Microanalytical Instrumentation Center, Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 997 Issue 1/2, p41; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Thesaurus Term: Solid phase extraction; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Colorimetric analysis; Subject Term: Cations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal cations; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00551-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodge, Evangeline M.
T1  - Trace perchlorates in a radiological liquid-waste treatment facility
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/05/16/
VL  - 997
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Waste management programs at the Radioactive Liquid Waste Treatment Facility (RLWTF) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) are concerned with the levels of perchlorates due to the effects it can have on the environment and resultant regulations. The RLWTF treats industrial and radioactive wastes generated at multiple research and production facilities across the LANL. Perchloric acid is the major source of the perchlorate ion in the RLWTF used in the analytical chemistry laboratories and for metal dissolution. Perchlorate is present in the influent to the RLWTF at concentrations up to several thousands μg/l level. Ion chromatography is the method of choice to analyze the concentrations of perchlorate in the wastewater generated at the RLWTF. Perchlorate was separated by elution through a CS16/CG16 with an EG40 eluent generator. To minimize background conductivity and enhance analyte conductance, an anion self-regenerating suppressor was used. The method achieved a perchlorate method detection limit of 1 μg/l. The method is successfully being used to monitor the perchlorate levels at the RLWTF and provide data for the pilot tests to remove perchlorate from the RLWTF effluent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Perchlorates
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Perchloric acid
KW  - Inorganic acids
N1  - Accession Number: 9855706; Hodge, Evangeline M. 1; Email Address: emhodge@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, E518, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: May2003, Vol. 997 Issue 1/2, p243; Thesaurus Term: Perchlorates; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Thesaurus Term: Perchloric acid; Thesaurus Term: Inorganic acids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00629-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lexa, Dusan
AU  - Jeremy Kropf, A.
T1  - The beam-heating effect in simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry/synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/05/19/
VL  - 401
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
SN  - 00406031
AB  - An instrument for simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry/synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction was used to detect and quantify the beam-heating effect, i.e. the deposition of measurable energy into a sample by a synchrotron X-ray beam. For beam energy of 17 keV, incident beam flux of <F>4.27×1011</F> photon/s, and beam size of <F>1000 μm×300</F> μm, the measured power input into the sample is on the order of 1 mW. The ability to deliver the energy in the form of an almost ideal square-wave made it possible to accurately analyze the response of the differential scanning calorimeter to such an input. The beam-heating effect needs to be considered in performing and evaluating differential scanning calorimetry measurements involving synchrotron X-ray sources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - Beam energy
KW  - Beam-heating
KW  - Differential scanning calorimetry
KW  - Synchrotron
N1  - Accession Number: 9656019; Lexa, Dusan 1; Email Address: dusan.lexa@ares.ac.at Jeremy Kropf, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Austrian Research Centers GmbH-ARC, Aufarbeitung radioaktiver Stoffe, A-2444 Siebersdorf, Austria  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 401 Issue 2, p239; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam-heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential scanning calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00504-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9656019&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elman, Howard C.
AU  - Howle, Victoria E.
AU  - Shadid, John N.
AU  - Tuminaro, Ray S.
T1  - A parallel block multi-level preconditioner for the 3D incompressible Navier–Stokes equations
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 187
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 504
SN  - 00219991
AB  - The development of robust and efficient algorithms for both steady-state simulations and fully implicit time integration of the Navier–Stokes equations is an active research topic. To be effective, the linear subproblems generated by these methods require solution techniques that exhibit robust and rapid convergence. In particular, they should be insensitive to parameters in the problem such as mesh size, time step, and Reynolds number. In this context, we explore a parallel preconditioner based on a block factorization of the coefficient matrix generated in an Oseen nonlinear iteration for the primitive variable formulation of the system. The key to this preconditioner is the approximation of a certain Schur complement operator by a technique first proposed by Kay, Loghin, and Wathen [SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 2002] and Silvester, Elman, Kay, and Wathen [J. Comput. Appl. Math. 128 (2001) 261]. The resulting operator entails subsidiary computations (solutions of pressure Poisson and convection–diffusion subproblems) that are similar to those required for decoupled solution methods; however, in this case these solutions are applied as preconditioners to the coupled Oseen system. One important aspect of this approach is that the convection–diffusion and Poisson subproblems are significantly easier to solve than the entire coupled system, and a solver can be built using tools developed for the subproblems. In this paper, we apply smoothed aggregation algebraic multigrid to both subproblems. Previous work has focused on demonstrating the optimality of these preconditioners with respect to mesh size on serial, two-dimensional, steady-state computations employing geometric multi-grid methods; we focus on extending these methods to large-scale, parallel, three-dimensional, transient and steady-state simulations employing algebraic multigrid (AMG) methods. Our results display nearly optimal convergence rates for steady-state solutions as well as for transient solutions over a wide range of CFL numbers on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional lid-driven cavity problem. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - Algebraic multigrid
KW  - Approximate block factorization
KW  - Approximate Schur complement
KW  - Convention–diffusion operator
KW  - Multi-level
KW  - Navier–Stokes
KW  - Preconditioner
N1  - Accession Number: 9658966; Elman, Howard C. 1; Email Address: elman@cs.umd.edu Howle, Victoria E. 2; Email Address: vehowle@sandia.gov Shadid, John N. 3; Email Address: jnshadi@cs.sandia.gov Tuminaro, Ray S. 2; Email Address: rstumin@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9217 Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Parallel Computational Sciences, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1111, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 187 Issue 2, p504; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Author-Supplied Keyword: Algebraic multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Approximate block factorization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Approximate Schur complement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convention–diffusion operator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-level; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navier–Stokes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preconditioner; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00121-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
T1  - Fundamental nature of ion–solid interactions in SiC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Experimental and computer simulation studies have been used to study the fundamental nature of defect production and damage accumulation as a result of ion–solid interactions in SiC. Density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations have been used to determine stable defect configurations, defect production, and cascade-overlap effects. Defect configurations and damage accumulation have been determined experimentally by ion-channeling methods. Ion–solid interactions in SiC primarily produce interstitials, vacancies, antisite defects, and small defect clusters directly during the collision cascade. The accumulation of isolated point defects and defect clusters dominate damage accumulation processes at low doses. The growth and coalescence of defect clusters at higher doses lead to amorphization and swelling that exceeds 8%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - Amorphization
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Defects
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Thermal recovery
N1  - Accession Number: 9892054; Weber, W.J. 1; Email Address: bill.weber@pnl.gov Gao, F. 1 Jiang, W. 1 Zhang, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Division of Ion Physics, Ångström Laboratory, Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal recovery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00680-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Papaléo, R.M.
AU  - Leal, R.
AU  - Trautmann, C.
AU  - Bringa, E.M.
T1  - Cratering by MeV–GeV ions as a function of angle of incidence
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We report on a systematic scanning force microscope study of crater formation induced by swift heavy ions as a function of angle of incidence. PMMA films were bombarded with 197Au (20 MeV), 209Bi (2320 MeV) and 238U (2640 MeV) ions at angles <f>θ</f> varying from 0° to 84° to the surface normal. In all cases, the length of the craters as well as rim height and length scale with <f>(cosθ)</f>−1. Crater width showed a much weaker <f>(cosθ)</f>−0.3 dependence. Similar angular dependences were observed for the different ion species and energies used. The experimental data is compared to molecular dynamics simulations of crater formation in a model solid. The simulations show a <f>(cosθ)</f>−1 dependence for the crater length, but no dependence for the crater width, unless a wide initial track of excitation is used. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - SCANNING force microscopy
KW  - Cratering
KW  - Ion tracks
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Scanning force microscopy
KW  - Sputtering
N1  - Accession Number: 9892055; Papaléo, R.M. 1; Email Address: papaleo@pucrs.br Leal, R. 1 Trautmann, C. 2 Bringa, E.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Physics, Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil  2: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Planckstr. 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany  3: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-353, Livermore 94550, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p7; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: SCANNING force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cratering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion tracks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00683-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitsuishi, K.
AU  - Song, M.
AU  - Furuya, K.
AU  - Allen, C.W.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
AU  - Dahmen, U.
T1  - Effect of aspect ratio on phase changes of rare-gas precipitates in an Al matrix
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The effect of the shape on the pressure at constant particle volume is discussed for the anisotropic case of Xe inclusions and compared with experiments. The Laplace pressure of a faceted particle is calculated by equating the work expended by increasing the anisotropic surface energy with the work done by expanding the particle volume. Although the value of <f>γ2 0 0/γ1 1 1</f> for the Xe/Al interfaces is not known precisely, it is found that the pressure change with shape variation is sufficiently large even for minimum anisotropy to quantitatively account for observed differences in the state of Xe precipitates having the same volume, but different shapes, in Al. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - 61.72.Ff
KW  - HRTEM
KW  - Laplace pressure
KW  - Precipitate
KW  - Xe
N1  - Accession Number: 9892077; Mitsuishi, K. 1; Email Address: mitsuishi.kazutaka@nims.go.jp Song, M. 1 Furuya, K. 1 Allen, C.W. 2 Birtcher, R.C. 2 Dahmen, U. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute for Materials Science, 3-13 Sakura, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Material Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Center for Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p109; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Ff; Author-Supplied Keyword: HRTEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xe; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00694-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ono, K.
AU  - Arakawa, K.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
T1  - Intermittent rapid motion of helium bubbles in Cu during irradiation with high energy self-ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The dynamical response of helium bubbles to irradiation with high energy self-ions in pure Cu has been studied by in situ electron microscopy. At enough high temperature, Brownian type motion of helium bubbles in the matrix and their easy motion along the edge dislocation are observed. At low temperatures where bubbles are thermally immobile, it is found that intermittent motion of the bubble is induced along interstitial type dislocation loops that are growing or shrinking under the irradiation. Possible mechanisms for the intermittent motion under the irradiation are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - 61.72.Ff
KW  - Copper
KW  - Defects
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - Helium bubble
KW  - Ion irradiation
KW  - Radiation damage
N1  - Accession Number: 9892078; Ono, K. 1; Email Address: onokotar@riko.shimane-u.ac.jp Arakawa, K. 1 Birtcher, R.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishi-Kawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9750 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p114; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: HELIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Ff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helium bubble; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00695-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Accumulation of ion beam induced disorder in strontium titanate
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Damage accumulation has been investigated in single crystal SrTiO3(1 0 0) irradiated with 1.0 MeV Au2+ by using in situ Rutherford backscattering spectrometry in channeling geometry (RBS/C). Samples were irradiated at temperatures of 170, 300 and 350 K with ion fluences ranging from 0.05 to 0.60 Au2+/nm2. The in situ RBS/C analysis indicates that the relative disorder in both Sr and Ti sublattices shows a strong sigmoidal dependence on ion dose. After an ion fluence of 0.30 Au2+/nm2 at 170 K, the buried region at the damage peak (∼60 nm) becomes fully amorphous, which corresponds to a dose of ∼0.39 dpa. For irradiation at 300 and 350 K, ion fluences of 0.40 Au2+/nm2 (∼0.52 dpa) and 0.45 Au2+/nm2 (∼0.59 dpa) are necessary to achieve an amorphous state at the damage peak, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - Amorphization
KW  - Atomic defects
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Ion irradiation
KW  - Radiation effects
N1  - Accession Number: 9892089; Thevuthasan, S.; Email Address: theva@pnl.gov Jiang, W. 1 Shutthanandan, V. 1 Weber, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p162; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00710-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nordlund, K.
AU  - Tarus, J.
AU  - Keinonen, J.
AU  - Donnelly, S.E.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
T1  - Atomic fingers, bridges and slingshots: formation of exotic surface structures during ion irradiation of heavy metals
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Recent experiments on ion irradiation of heavy metals such as gold and silver have shown that very unusual surface configurations can be produced by the irradiation. Typically, the surface damage has the shape of a crater, similar to those produced by meteorite impacts. The crater shapes are, however, often highly asymmetric and can show extended adatom ridges extending far from the crater well. Using molecular dynamics simulations we show how such exotic atom arrangements are produced. We describe atomic bridges over a crater and illustrate a slingshot-like effect which can propel atom clusters far from an impact position to produce isolated adatom islands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY metals
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - Cratering
KW  - Ion irradiation
KW  - Metals
KW  - Surface damage
N1  - Accession Number: 9892097; Nordlund, K. 1; Email Address: kai.nordlund@helsinki.fi Tarus, J. 1 Keinonen, J. 1 Donnelly, S.E. 2 Birtcher, R.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 43 (Hameentie 100), University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland  2: Joule Physics Laboratory, University of Salford, Manchester, M5 4WT, UK  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p189; Subject Term: HEAVY metals; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cratering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface damage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00724-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Donnelly, S.E.
AU  - Vishnyakov, V.M.
AU  - Carter, G.
AU  - Terry, J.
AU  - Haworth, L.I.
AU  - Sermanni, P.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
T1  - The use of cavities for gettering in silicon microelectronic devices
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 422
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - This paper presents results from an ongoing three-year project in which the use of microcavities to getter transition metal impurities in silicon-based microelectronic devices has been investigated. The paper reports on the results of a fundamental study of bubble growth mechanisms and on a systematic study of possible detrimental effects of cavity gettering on 1.2 μm p-type metal–oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - Cavities
KW  - Gettering
KW  - MOSFET devices
KW  - Silicon
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 9892162; Donnelly, S.E. 1; Email Address: s.e.donnelly@salford.ac.uk Vishnyakov, V.M. 1 Carter, G. 1 Terry, J. 2 Haworth, L.I. 2 Sermanni, P. 3 Birtcher, R.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Materials Research, Joule Physics Laboratory, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK  2: Scottish Microelectronic Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JF, UK  3: Motorola UK Ltd., East Kilbride G75 0TG, UK  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p422; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cavities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gettering; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOSFET devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00783-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rehn, L.E.
AU  - Kestel, B.J.
AU  - Baldo, P.M.
AU  - Hiller, J.
AU  - McCormick, A.W.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
T1  - Self-organized porous-alumina implantation masks for generating nanoscale arrays
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 490
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Starting from two-step anodizing recipes available in the literature, we fabricated self-supporting ordered ion-implantation masks that are several mm2 in area and approximately 2 μm thick. SEM micrographs reveal self-organized structures with straight open pores, 50–150 nm in diameter, extending completely through the mask. As reported previously, the pore diameter and spacing depend critically upon the anodization parameters, e.g. type of acid and its molality, the applied voltage and the solution temperature. Ion-milling procedures were developed for opening the bottoms of the anodized pores. These masks appear quite robust during exposure to ion beams of 1 MeV He, Ne and Kr. The steps necessary to fabricate the implantation masks, including opening the pores, are described. Measurements are reported of the angular dependence of the transmitted ion current; these results are consistent with the physical dimensions of the opened pores. TEM images of an implanted array are also shown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - 68.37.Lp
KW  - 81.07.-b
KW  - Array
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Mask
KW  - Nanostructures
N1  - Accession Number: 9892179; Rehn, L.E.; Email Address: rehn@anl.gov Kestel, B.J. 1 Baldo, P.M. 1 Hiller, J. 1 McCormick, A.W. 1 Birtcher, R.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p490; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 68.37.Lp; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.07.-b; Author-Supplied Keyword: Array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mask; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructures; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00805-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, L.D.
AU  - Vilaithong, T.
AU  - Phanchaisri, B.
AU  - Apavatjrut, P.
AU  - Anuntalabhochai, S.
AU  - Evans, P.
AU  - Brown, I.G.
T1  - Ion penetration depth in the plant cell wall
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 586
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - This study investigates the depth of ion penetration in plant cell wall material. Based on the biological structure of the plant cell wall, a physical model is proposed which assumes that the wall is composed of randomly orientated layers of cylindrical microfibrils made from cellulose molecules of C6H12O6. With this model, we have determined numerical factors for ion implantation in the plant cell wall to correct values calculated from conventional ion implantation programs. Using these correction factors, it is possible to apply common ion implantation programs to estimate the ion penetration depth in the cell for bioengineering purposes. These estimates are compared with measured data from experiments and good agreement is achieved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT cell walls
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - Ion beam bioengineering
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Ion penetration depth
KW  - Plant cell wall
N1  - Accession Number: 9892203; Yu, L.D. 1; Email Address: yuld@fnrf.science.cmu.ac.th Vilaithong, T. 1 Phanchaisri, B. 2 Apavatjrut, P. 3 Anuntalabhochai, S. 4 Evans, P. 5 Brown, I.G. 6; Affiliation:  1: Fast Neutron Research Facility, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  2: Institute for Science and Technology Research and Development, P.O. Box 111, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand  3: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  4: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  5: Physics Division, ANSTO, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p586; Subject Term: PLANT cell walls; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam bioengineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion penetration depth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plant cell wall; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00840-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Afanasyev-Charkin, I.V.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Dependence of optical properties and hardness on carbon content in silicon carbonitride films deposited by plasma ion immersion processing technique
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 736
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Materials with Si–C–N composition are of great interest due to their remarkable properties such as high hardness and oxidation resistance. In this study amorphous silicon nitride and silicon carbonitride films were deposited on glass, fused silica, and carbon substrates by the plasma immersion ion processing technique. Gas pressure during the deposition was kept around 0.13 Pa (1 mTorr) and SiH4, N2, Ar and C2H2 gas mixtures were used. Film hardness, composition and UV–visible optical absorption were characterized using nanoindentation, ion beam analysis techniques, and UV–visible spectroscopy, respectively. The films exhibit high transparency in the visible and near UV regions. Addition of the carbon to the films causes decrease in the density of the films, as well as decrease in hardness and transparency. These results suggest that in the low energy regime of PIIP the deposition of hard carbon composites with nitrogen and silicon does not take place. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - Hardness
KW  - Optical
KW  - Plasma ion immersion processing
KW  - Silicon carbonitride
KW  - Silicon nitride
KW  - Thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 9892239; Afanasyev-Charkin, I.V. 1 Nastasi, M.; Email Address: nasty@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-8, Mail Stop K765, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p736; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma ion immersion processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbonitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00829-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892239&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
AU  - McCormick, A.W.
AU  - Baldo, P.M.
AU  - Toyoda, N.
AU  - Yamada, I.
AU  - Matsuo, J.
T1  - Gold nanoparticles sputtered by single ions and clusters
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 851
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Transmission electron microscopy has been used to observe the effects of single ion and Ar cluster impacts. The impact of either single ions or cluster ions produces nanometer-sized craters on Au and ejects nanoparticles. The impact of single ions causes ejection of nanometer-sized particles of gold at the same rate as the rate of cratering leading to the conclusion that the two processes are coupled. The sputtering yield for cluster irradiation of Au exhibits a near cosine dependence on the ejection angle while the amount of Au in visible nanoparticles varies as the cube of the ejection angle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GOLD
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - 61.72.Ff
KW  - Cluster beam
KW  - Crater
KW  - Impact
KW  - Metals
KW  - Surface modification
N1  - Accession Number: 9892265; Birtcher, R.C. 1; Email Address: birtcher@anl.gov McCormick, A.W. 1 Baldo, P.M. 1 Toyoda, N. 2 Yamada, I. 2 Matsuo, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Case Ave., Argonne IL 60439, USA  2: LASTI, Himeji Institute of Technology, Himeji, Japan  3: Ion Beam Engineering Experimental Lab., Kyoto University, Japan; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p851; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Ff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cluster beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crater; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface modification; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00877-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892265&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Verda, R.D.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Bower, R.W.
T1  - Boron-induced redistribution of hydrogen implanted at elevated temperature into crystalline silicon
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 927
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The redistribution of hydrogen during elevated-temperature implantation of boron-pre-implanted silicon was investigated. By redistribution we mean that the final hydrogen distribution differs from the distribution of a control sample, and is attributed to sample preparation. Samples were prepared with a single boron pre-implantation, with projected range either shallower or deeper with respect to the projected range of a subsequent elevated-temperature hydrogen implantation. For shallower boron, the hydrogen redistribution was a wholesale shift in the entire distribution toward the surface, whereas for deeper boron, partial redistribution of end-of-range hydrogen toward the bulk was observed. Self-implantation experiments show that the wholesale hydrogen redistribution is not due solely to boron pre-implantation damage to the silicon lattice, but is driven by chemical effects attributed to the presence of boron. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - Boron
KW  - Depth profile
KW  - Elevated-temperature implantation
KW  - Hydrogen redistribution
N1  - Accession Number: 9892282; Verda, R.D. 1 Nastasi, M. 1; Email Address: nasty@lanl.gov Bower, R.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Division of Material Science and Technology, Mail Stop K765, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p927; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depth profile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elevated-temperature implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen redistribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00863-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892282&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swadener, J.G.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Increasing the fracture toughness of silicon by ion implantation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 937
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Previous studies have shown that moderate doses of radiation can lead to increased fracture toughness in ceramics. An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the effects of ion implantation on fracture toughness in silicon. Specimens implanted with Ne showed increased fracture toughness, over the entire range of implantations tested. Using ions of various energies to better distribute implantation damage further increased the fracture toughness even though the region of amorphous damage was slightly decreased. The implantation damage accumulated in a predictable manner so that fracture toughness could be optimized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - 46.50.+a
KW  - 62.20.Mk
KW  - Fracture mechanics
KW  - Implantation
KW  - Radiation effects
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 9892284; Swadener, J.G.; Email Address: swadener@lanl.gov Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, MS-G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p937; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: 46.50.+a; Author-Supplied Keyword: 62.20.Mk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00865-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892284&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bae, In-Tae
AU  - Ishimaru, Manabu
AU  - Hirotsu, Yoshihiko
AU  - Matsumura, Syo
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
T1  - Ion-beam-induced amorphous structures in silicon carbide
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 974
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Atomistic structure of ion-beam-induced amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC) has been investigated by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. The electron intensities of halo patterns recorded on imaging plates were digitized quantitatively to extract reduced interference functions. We demonstrated the relationship between maximum scattering vector <f>(Qmax)</f> measured in scattering experiments and the resolution of the corresponding pair-distribution function by changing <f>Qmax</f> values from 160 to 230 nm−1. The results revealed that the C–C peak becomes broadened and eventually a shoulder as the <f>Qmax</f> value becomes shorter, indicating that <f>Qmax</f> values of <f><</f>160 nm−1 measured in previous studies are not enough to detect C–C homonuclear bonds in a-SiC. We are the first to reveal the existence of C–C and Si–Si homonuclear bonds in a-SiC using a diffraction technique. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Amorphous
KW  - Electron diffraction
KW  - Pair-distribution function
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9892293; Bae, In-Tae 1 Ishimaru, Manabu 2; Email Address: ishimaru@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp Hirotsu, Yoshihiko 2 Matsumura, Syo 3 Sickafus, Kurt E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan  2: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan  3: Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan  4: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p974; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pair-distribution function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00905-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892293&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ishimaru, Manabu
AU  - Naito, Muneyuki
AU  - Hirotsu, Yoshihiko
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
T1  - Amorphous structures of silicon carbonitride formed by high-dose nitrogen ion implantation into silicon carbide
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 994
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Short-range order in amorphous silicon carbonitride (a-SiCxNy) has been examined using transmission electron microscopy. Single crystals of 6H-SiC with [0 0 0 1] orientation were implanted with 180 keV nitrogen ions at ambient temperature to a fluence of 5 × 1017 N+/cm2, followed by thermally annealing at 1500 °C for 30 min. A fully amorphous layer was formed at the topmost layer in the as-implanted sample. A part of the amorphous phase transformed into crystalline SiC after annealing. Radial distribution functions extracted via nano-beam electron diffraction patterns clearly showed that atomistic structures of the ion-beam-induced amorphous phase are different from those of the remaining amorphous phase in the annealed sample: a-SiCxNy possesses an intermediate bond length between Si–C and Si–N, while Si–N and Si–C bonds become more pronounced in the amorphous layer of the annealed specimen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Amorphous
KW  - Nano-beam electron diffraction
KW  - Phase decomposition
KW  - Radial distribution function
KW  - Silicon carbonitride
N1  - Accession Number: 9892299; Ishimaru, Manabu 1; Email Address: ishimaru@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp Naito, Muneyuki 2 Hirotsu, Yoshihiko 1 Sickafus, Kurt E. 3; Affiliation:  1: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan  3: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p994; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano-beam electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radial distribution function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbonitride; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00909-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892299&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Wang, C.M.
T1  - Ion-beam-irradiation induced defects in gallium nitride
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1037
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Epitaxial single-crystal gallium nitride (GaN) films on sapphire were irradiated at low and room temperatures using O+ ions over a range of fluences. The accumulation of disorder on the Ga sublattice has been investigated based on He+ Rutherford backscattering analysis along the <f>〈0 0 0 1〉</f>-axial channeling direction. The degree of disorder in the O+ irradiated GaN increases at low doses and saturates above 10 displacements per atom (dpa). The microstructures of two O+-irradiated specimens are characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Similar planar defect structures at the saturated disorder level are observed for as-irradiated and thermally annealed GaN. The growth and annihilation of these defects during ion irradiation and thermal annealing are believed to contribute to the saturation and stability of defect concentrations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - 61.72.Ff
KW  - Defect microstructures
KW  - Disorder accumulation
KW  - GaN
KW  - Ion-beam irradiation
N1  - Accession Number: 9892308; Jiang, W.; Email Address: weilin.jiang@pnl.gov Weber, W.J. 1 Wang, C.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-93, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p1037; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Ff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect microstructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disorder accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-beam irradiation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00929-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892308&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, C.M.
AU  - Wall, F.D.
AU  - Barbour, J.C.
T1  - Using ion implantation to study localized corrosion of Al
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 206
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1062
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A mechanistic-based understanding of corrosion is needed in order to predict aging characteristics and reliability of either electronic or structural components. Although it is well known that the presence of a halide such as Cl− is necessary for pit initiation, the precise role the Cl− plays in the oxide breakdown is not understood. Cl and Ar ion implantation were used to modify air passivated Al using the implantation profile to provide a variation in Cl concentration with depth, in conjunction with varying implant fluences. After irradiation, samples were exposed to a corrosive environment and the electrochemical behavior was characterized as a function of impurity level. The pitting potential varied in an inverse relationship with the Cl concentration when measured in Cl-containing solutions. In solutions without Cl it was estimated that a concentration on the order of 0.5 at.% was required to initiate pitting. Implanting the inert ion of Ar did not enhance pitting. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - HALIDES
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - Al2O3
KW  - Cl
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Localized corrosion
KW  - Pitting
N1  - Accession Number: 9892315; Johnson, C.M. 1 Wall, F.D. 1 Barbour, J.C.; Email Address: jcbarbo@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 206 Issue 1-4, p1062; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: HALIDES; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Localized corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pitting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00911-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892315&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Jie
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Royer, Richard A.
AU  - Burgos, William D.
T1  - The roles of natural organic matter in chemical and microbial reduction of ferric iron
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2003/05/20/
VL  - 307
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00489697
AB  - Although natural organic matter (NOM) is known to be redox reactive, the roles and effectiveness of specific functional groups of NOM in metal reduction are still a subject of intense investigation. This study entails the investigation of the Fe(III) reduction kinetics and capacity by three fractionated NOM subcomponents in the presence or absence of the dissimilatory metal reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. Results indicate that NOM was able to reduce Fe(III) abiotically; the reduction was pH-dependent and varied greatly with different fractions of NOM. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited the highest reactivity and oxidation capacity at a low pH (<4) as compared with the carbohydrate-rich NOM-CH fraction and a soil humic acid (soil HA) in reducing Fe(III). However, at a pH>4, soil HA showed a relatively high oxidation capacity, probably resulting from its conformational and solubility changes with an increased solution pH. In the presence of S. putrefaciens CN32, all NOM fractions were found to enhance the microbial reduction of Fe(III) under anaerobic, circumneutral pH conditions. Soil HA was found to be particularly effective in mediating the bioreduction of Fe(III) as compared with the NOM-PP or NOM-CH fractions. NOM-CH was the least effective because it was depleted in both aromatic and polyphenolic organic contents. However, because both soil HA and NOM-PP contain relatively high amounts of aromatic and phenolic compounds, results may indicate that low-molecular-weight polyphenolic organics in NOM-PP were less effective in mediating the bioreduction of Fe(III) at circumneutral pH than the high-molecular-weight polycondensed, conjugated aromatics present in soil HA. These research findings may shed additional light in understanding of the roles and underlying mechanisms of NOM reactions with contaminant metals, radionuclides, and other toxic chemicals in the natural environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMUS
KW  - SHEWANELLA putrefaciens
KW  - Fe(III) reduction
KW  - Humic substances
KW  - NOM oxidation capacity
KW  - Shewanella putrefaciens
N1  - Accession Number: 9544981; Chen, Jie 1 Gu, Baohua 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov Royer, Richard A. 2 Burgos, William D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 307 Issue 1-3, p167; Subject Term: HUMUS; Subject Term: SHEWANELLA putrefaciens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe(III) reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humic substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOM oxidation capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shewanella putrefaciens; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00538-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, M.
AU  - Kang, Daiwen
AU  - Aneja, V.P.
AU  - Lonneman, W.
AU  - Cook, D.R.
AU  - Wesely, M.L.
T1  - Measurements of hydrocarbon air–surface exchange rates over maize
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/05/21/
VL  - 37
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2269
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Vertical gradients of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured over a maize (Zea mays) field, in its early growth period, during May 1995, in the Lower Coastal Plains of North Carolina. These measurements were combined with micrometeorological flux measurements to determine emission flux measurements for various VOCs. This measurement program was part of project NOVA (Natural emissions of Oxidant precursors: Validation of techniques and Assessment) to estimate the flux of VOCs. Average emissions of VOCs (and standard error) was estimated to be 4900±700 μg/m2/h out of which emission for methanol averaged (3450±420) μg/m2/h. A methanol emission rate of 35 μg/g/h was calculated for maize from the estimated emission of methanol and biomass density for the site. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - CORN
KW  - VOLATILE organic compounds
KW  - Air–surface exchange
KW  - Biogenic VOCs
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Maize
KW  - VOC fluxes
KW  - VOCs
KW  - Zea mays
N1  - Accession Number: 9570227; Das, M. 1 Kang, Daiwen 1,2 Aneja, V.P. 1; Email Address: viney_aneja@ncsu.edu Lonneman, W. 2 Cook, D.R. 3 Wesely, M.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8208, USA  2: US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711,USA  3: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 16, p2269; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: CORN; Subject Term: VOLATILE organic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air–surface exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogenic VOCs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maize; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOC fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOCs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zea mays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); NAICS/Industry Codes: 111150 Corn Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00076-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9570227&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopes, J.A.M.
AU  - Fernandes, L.M.P.
AU  - dos Santos, J.M.F.
AU  - Morgado, R.E.
AU  - Conde, C.A.N.
T1  - VUV detection in large-area avalanche photodiodes as a function of temperature
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/05/21/
VL  - 504
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The response of a Peltier-cooled large-area avalanche photodiode to VUV-light is investigated as a function of the operation temperature. The reduction of the temperature down to 5°C will improve both photodiode light-level detection limit and statistical fluctuations; further temperature reduction will not result in improved performance. Optimum operation characteristics are already achieved for gains around 100 and do not depend significantly on the operation temperature. The relative variation of the gain with temperature increases with the biasing voltage presenting values that are almost a factor of two higher than for visible light detection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTODIODES
KW  - TEMPERATURE sense
KW  - 85.60.Dw
KW  - LAAPD
KW  - Photon-detection
KW  - VUV
N1  - Accession Number: 9893916; Lopes, J.A.M. 1 Fernandes, L.M.P. 1 dos Santos, J.M.F. 1; Email Address: jmf@gian.fis.uc.pt Morgado, R.E. 2 Conde, C.A.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física, da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-516, Portugal  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 504 Issue 1-3, p331; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE sense; Author-Supplied Keyword: 85.60.Dw; Author-Supplied Keyword: LAAPD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon-detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: VUV; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00763-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dattelbaum
AU  - D. M.
AU  - Itokazu
AU  - M. K.
AU  - Murakami Iha
AU  - N. Y.
AU  - Meyer
AU  - T. J.
T1  - Mechanism of Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Sensitization of Olefin Trans-to-Cis Isomerization in the fac-[ReI(phen)(CO)3(1,2-bpe)]+ Cation.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4092
EP  - 4095
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Near-UV, largely ReI → phen, bpe metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excitation of fac-[ReI(phen)(CO)3(trans-bpe)]+ [where phen is 1,10-phenanthroline and bpe is 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene] in CH3CN results in isomerization at the bpe ligand and formation of fac-[ReI(phen)(CO)3(cis-bpe)]+. Time-resolved absorption and infrared (TRIR) measurements reveal the existence of an intermediate with a lifetime of ~28 ns (k = 3.6 × 107 s-1). According to the results of the transient IR measurements, the intermediate is ligand-based, presumably the olefin-localized twisted triplet 3p. TRIR measurements in the &ngr;(C=C) region point to a significant twisting around the C=C bond in 3p. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - ISOMERIZATION
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 20224768; Dattelbaum D. M. 1 Itokazu M. K. 1 Murakami Iha N. Y. 1 Meyer T. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS A127, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-900-São Paulo-SP, Brazil; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 20, p4092; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: ISOMERIZATION; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhan
AU  - C.-G.
AU  - Nichols
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
T1  - Ionization Potential, Electron Affinity, Electronegativity, Hardness, and Electron Excitation Energy:  Molecular Properties from Density Functional Theory Orbital Energies.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4184
EP  - 4195
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Representative atomic and molecular systems, including various inorganic and organic molecules with covalent and ionic bonds, have been studied by using density functional theory. The calculations were done with the commonly used exchange-correlation functional B3LYP followed by a comprehensive analysis of the calculated highest-occupied and lowest-unoccupied Kohn−Sham orbital (HOMO and LUMO) energies. The basis set dependence of the DFT results shows that the economical 6-31+G* basis set is generally sufficient for calculating the HOMO and LUMO energies (if the calculated LUMO energies are negative) for use in correlating with molecular properties. The directly calculated ionization potential (IP), electron affinity (EA), electronegativity (&khgr;), hardness (η), and first electron excitation energy (&tgr;) are all in good agreement with the available experimental data. A generally applicable linear correlation relationship exists between the calculated HOMO energies and the experimental/calculated IPs. We have also found satisfactory linear correlation relationships between the calculated LUMO energies and experimental/calculated EAs (for the bound anionic states), between the calculated average HOMO/LUMO energies and &khgr; values, between the calculated HOMO−LUMO energy gaps and η values, and between the calculated HOMO−LUMO energy gaps and experimental/calculated first excitation energies. By using these linear correlation relationships, the calculated HOMO and LUMO energies can be employed to semiquantitatively estimate ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity, hardness, and first excitation energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 20224783; Zhan C.-G. 1 Nichols J. A. 1 Dixon D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K1-83, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 20, p4184; Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregg
AU  - B. A.
T1  - Excitonic Solar Cells.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/05/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4688
EP  - 4698
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Existing types of solar cells may be divided into two distinct classes:  conventional solar cells, such as silicon p−n junctions, and excitonic solar cells, XSCs. Most organic-based solar cells, including dye-sensitized solar cells, DSSCs, fall into the category of XSCs. In these cells, excitons are generated upon light absorption, and if not created directly at the heterointerface as in DSSCs, they must diffuse to it in order to photogenerate charge carriers. The distinguishing characteristic of XSCs is that charge carriers are generated and simultaneously separated across a heterointerface. In contrast, photogeneration of free electron−hole pairs occurs throughout the bulk semiconductor in conventional cells, and carrier separation upon their arrival at the junction is a subsequent process. This apparently minor mechanistic distinction results in fundamental differences in photovoltaic behavior. For example, the open circuit photovoltage Voc in conventional cells is limited to less than the magnitude of the band bending Øbi; however, Voc in XSCs is commonly greater than Øbi. Early work on solid-state excitonic solar cells is described as are excitonic processes in general and the use of carrier-selective (energy-selective) contacts to enhance Voc. Then studies of DSSCs, which provide a particularly simple example of XSCs, are described. A general theoretical description applicable to all solar cells is employed to quantify the differences between conventional and excitonic cells. The key difference is the dominant importance, in XSCs, of the photoinduced chemical potential energy gradient ∇μh&ngr;, which was created by the interfacial exciton dissociation process. Numerical simulations demonstrate the difference in photoconversion mechanism caused solely by changing the spatial distribution of the photogenerated carriers. Finally, the similarities and differences are explored between the three major types of XSCs:  organic semiconductor cells with planar interfaces, bulk heterojunction cells, and DSSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 20224915; Gregg B. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 20, p4688; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kharzeev, Dmitri
AU  - Levin, Eugene
AU  - McLerran, Larry
T1  - Parton saturation and <f>Npart</f> scaling of semi-hard processes in QCD
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/05/22/
VL  - 561
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We argue that the suppression of high <f>pt</f> hadrons discovered recently in heavy ion collisions at RHIC may be a consequence of saturation in the color glass condensate. We qualitatively and semi-quantitatively describe the data, in particular, the dependence upon the number of nucleon participants. We show that if parton saturation sets in at sufficiently small energy, then in nucleus–nucleus collisions at RHIC and LHC energies the cross sections of semi-hard processes should scale approximately with the number of participants, <f>Npart</f>. Our results provide a possible explanation of both the absence of apparent jet quenching at SPS energies and its presence at RHIC. Under the same assumption we predict that in semi-central and central <f>pA</f> (<f>dA</f>) collisions at collider energies the dependence of semi-hard processes on the number of participating nucleons of the nucleus will change to <f>∼(NpartA)1/2</f>. The forthcoming data on <f>dA</f> collisions will provide a crucial test of this description. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING
N1  - Accession Number: 9602851; Kharzeev, Dmitri 1; Email Address: kharzeev@bnl.gov Levin, Eugene 2,3 McLerran, Larry 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Theory Group, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: HEP Department, School of Physics, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel  3: DESY Theory Group, 22603 Hamburg, Germany; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 561 Issue 1/2, p93; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00420-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, E.A.
AU  - Miodownik, M.A.
AU  - Rollett, A.D.
T1  - On abnormal subgrain growth and the origin of recrystallization nuclei
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/05/23/
VL  - 51
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2701
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Abnormal subgrain growth has been proposed as the nucleation mechanism for recrystallization. To test this hypothesis, Monte Carlo Potts model simulations of subgrain growth were performed on single-phase, strain-free subgrain structures with experimentally validated microstructure, texture, boundary character, and boundary properties. Results indicate that abnormal growth events emerge spontaneously during evolution in such systems, and abnormal subgrains behave as predicted by mean field theory. An analysis predicts the frequency of abnormal growth events as a function of local neighborhood and the boundary misorientation distribution. A recrystallization model is derived based on the abnormal subgrain growth analysis. Using data for aluminum subgrain structures, the model predicts reasonable recrystallized grain sizes as a function of von Mises strain. The extension of these results to abnormal grain growth is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - Abnormal grain growth
KW  - Abnormal subgrain growth
KW  - Monte Carlo Potts model
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Recrystallization
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Texture evolution
N1  - Accession Number: 9601059; Holm, E.A. 1; Email Address: eaholm@sandia.gov Miodownik, M.A. 2 Rollett, A.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Process Modeling, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, King’s College London, London, UK  3: Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 51 Issue 9, p2701; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Author-Supplied Keyword: Abnormal grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abnormal subgrain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo Potts model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recrystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture evolution; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00079-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyce, B.L.
AU  - Chen, X.
AU  - Peters, J.O.
AU  - Hutchinson, J.W.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Mechanical relaxation of localized residual stresses associated with foreign object damage
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/05/25/
VL  - 349
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Foreign-object damage associated with the ingestion of debris into aircraft turbine engines can lead to a marked degradation in the high-cycle fatigue (HCF) life of turbine components. This degradation is generally considered to be associated with the premature initiation of fatigue cracks at or near the damage sites; this is suspected to be due to, at least in part, the impact-induced residual stress state, which can be strongly tensile in these locations. However, recent experimental studies have shown the unexpected propensity for impact-induced fatigue crack formation at locations of compressive residual stress in the vicinity of the impact site. To address this issue, in situ and ex situ spatially-resolved X-ray diffraction and numerical modeling are utilized to show that the initial residual stress state can be strongly relaxed during the fatigue loading process. The magnitude and rate of relaxation is strongly dependent on the applied loads. For a Ti–6Al–4V turbine blade alloy, little relaxation was observed for an applied maximum stress of 325 MPa (0.35σy, where σy is the yield stress), and cracks tended to form in subsurface zones of tensile residual stress away from the damage sites. In contrast, at an applied maximum stress of 500 MPa (0.54σy), equal to the smooth-bar 107-cycle endurance strength, cracks tended to form at the damage sites in zones of high stress concentration that had initially been in strong compression, but had relaxed during the fatigue loading. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - TURBINES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Foreign-object damage
KW  - Impact
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - Ti–6Al–4V
KW  - Titanium
N1  - Accession Number: 10635012; Boyce, B.L. 1; Email Address: blboyce@sandia.gov Chen, X. 2 Peters, J.O. 1 Hutchinson, J.W. 2 Ritchie, R.O. 1; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 349 Issue 1/2, p48; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: TURBINES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foreign-object damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti–6Al–4V; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00543-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rankin, Jon E.
AU  - Hill, Michael R.
AU  - Hackel, Lloyd A.
T1  - The effects of process variations on residual stress in laser peened 7049 T73 aluminum alloy
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/05/25/
VL  - 349
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
SN  - 09215093
AB  - This paper reports measurements of the distribution of residual stress with depth from the surface in laser peened coupons made of a high-strength aluminum alloy. Residual stresses were measured using slitting (also known as the crack compliance method). Measurements were made on several coupons to: compare laser peening (LP) and shot peening (SP) residual stresses; ascertain the influence of LP parameters on residual stress; determine whether tensile residual stress existed outside the peened area; assess the variation of residual stress with in-plane position relative to the layout of the laser spots used for peening; and, determine the importance of a uniform spatial distribution of laser energy within the spot. Residual stress 0.1 mm from the surface due to LP and SP were comparable and the depth of the compressive stress for LP was far greater than for SP. Variations of most LP parameters did not significantly alter residual stress at shallow depths, but greater laser energy and larger layer overlap increased residual stress at depths between 0.2 and 0.6 mm from the surface. Residual stresses adjacent to the peened area were found to be compressive. Decreased levels of surface residual stress were found when laser spots had a non-uniform distribution of laser intensity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - SHOT peening
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Laser peening
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - Surface treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 10635039; Rankin, Jon E. 1 Hill, Michael R. 1; Email Address: mrhill@ucdavis.edu Hackel, Lloyd A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5294, USA  2: Laser Science and Technology Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 349 Issue 1/2, p279; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: SHOT peening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser peening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface treatment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00811-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carena, M.
AU  - Ellis, J.
AU  - Mrenna, S.
AU  - Pilaftsis, A.
AU  - Wagner, C.E.M.
T1  - Collider probes of the MSSM Higgs sector with explicit CP violation
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/05/26/
VL  - 659
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We investigate the hadron collider phenomenology of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) with explicit CP violation for Higgs bosons that can be observed in Standard Model search channels: <f>W/ZHi(→bb¯)</f> at the Tevatron, and <f>gg→Hi(→γγ)</f>, <f>tt¯Hi(→bb¯)</f> and <f>WW→Hi(→τ+τ−)</f> at the LHC. Our numerical analysis is based on a benchmark scenario proposed earlier called CPX, which has been designed to showcase the effects of CP violation in the MSSM, and on several variant benchmarks. In most of the CPX parameter space, these hadron colliders will find one of the neutral MSSM Higgs bosons. However, there are small regions of parameter space in which none of the neutral Higgs bosons can be detected in the standard channels at the Tevatron and the LHC. This occurs because the neutral Higgs boson with the largest coupling to <f>W</f> and <f>Z</f> bosons decays predominantly into either two lighter Higgs bosons or a Higgs boson and a gauge boson, whilst the lighter Higgs boson has only small couplings to the <f>W</f> and <f>Z</f> bosons and the top quark. For other choices of CP-violating parameters, all three neutral Higgs bosons can have significant couplings to <f>W</f> and <f>Z</f> bosons, producing overlapping signatures: these may or may not be distinguishable from backgrounds. The existence of these regions of parameters provides a strong motivation for a detailed experimental simulation of these channels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 12.60.Jv
KW  - 14.80.Cp
N1  - Accession Number: 9602905; Carena, M. 1 Ellis, J. 2 Mrenna, S. 1,3 Pilaftsis, A. 1,4; Email Address: pilaftsi@theory.ph.man.ac.uk Wagner, C.E.M. 5,6; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  3: Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, Randall Lab., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom  5: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Lab., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  6: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 659 Issue 1/2, p145; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.80.Cp; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00192-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9602905&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koshino
AU  - N.
AU  - Cai
AU  - Y.
AU  - Espenson
AU  - J. H.
T1  - Kinetic Study of the Phthalimide N-Oxyl (PINO) Radical in Acetic Acid. Hydrogen Abstraction from C-H Bonds and Evaluation of O-H Bond Dissociation Energy of N-Hydroxyphthalimide.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/05/29/
VL  - 107
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4262
EP  - 4267
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The reactions of the phthalimide N-oxyl (PINO) radical with several hydrocarbons having different C-H bond dissociation energies (BDEs) were investigated in HOAc at 25 °C. The slope of the Evans-Polanyi plot is 0.38, which indicates that the reactions are mildly exothermic or almost thermoneutral. This finding is supported by the O-H BDE of N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI), 375 ± 10 kJ mol-1, obtained by means of a thermodynamic cycle. The observed kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are related to the reaction free-energy changes, which can be explained by a Marcus-type equation. The comparison of the PINO radical reactions with analogous hydrogen atom abstraction reactions of the dibromide radical implies that HBr2• reactions are more exothermic than the PINO radical reactions. This factor is put forth to explain the different KIEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - CENTROPOMIDAE
KW  - FREE radical reactions
KW  - ABSTRACT expressionism
N1  - Accession Number: 12074068; Koshino N. 1 Cai Y. 1 Espenson J. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: The Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 21, p4262; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: CENTROPOMIDAE; Subject Term: FREE radical reactions; Subject Term: ABSTRACT expressionism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherry
AU  - B. R.
AU  - Alam
AU  - T. M.
AU  - Click
AU  - C.
AU  - Brow
AU  - R. K.
AU  - Gan
AU  - Z.
T1  - Combined Ab Initio Computational and Solid-State 17O MAS NMR Studies of Crystalline P2O5.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/05/29/
VL  - 107
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4894
EP  - 4903
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Ab initio calculations of the 17O electrical field gradient (EFG) tensor quadrupolar coupling constant (CQ) and asymmetry parameter (ηQ), along with the 17O NMR isotropic chemical shift (δiso) for the three crystalline polymorphs of P2O5 are presented. These computational results are compared with experimental values for crystalline h-P2O5 (hexagonal-form) obtained using a combination of solid-state 17O magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR at three different magnetic field strengths (9.4, 14.1, and 19.6 T), two-dimensional (2D) multiple-quantum (MQ)MAS NMR, and 2D satellite-transition (ST)MAS NMR experiments. In addition ab initio studies of the model H4P2O7 cluster allowed empirical correlations between the bridging oxygen EFG parameters and the P-O-P bond angle to be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance microscopy
KW  - CRYSTALLINE polymers
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12074079; Cherry B. R. 1 Alam T. M. 1 Click C. 1 Brow R. K. 1 Gan Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department of Organic Materials, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0888, University of Missouri-Rolla, Ceramic Engineering Department, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0330, and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 107 Issue 21, p4894; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE polymers; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGrath, William J.
AU  - Ding, Jianzhong
AU  - Didwania, Aashish
AU  - Sweet, Robert M.
AU  - Mangel, Walter F.
T1  - Crystallographic structure at 1.6-Å resolution of the human adenovirus proteinase in a covalent complex with its 11-amino-acid peptide cofactor: insights on a new fold
JO  - BBA - Proteins & Proteomics
JF  - BBA - Proteins & Proteomics
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 1648
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
SN  - 15709639
AB  - The crystal structure of the human adenovirus proteinase (AVP), a cysteine proteinase covalently bound to its 11-amino-acid peptide cofactor pVIc, has been solved to 1.6-Å resolution with a crystallographic R-factor of 0.136, Rfree=0.179. The fold of AVP–pVIc is new and the structural basis for it is described in detail. The polypeptide chain of AVP folds into two domains. One domain contains a five-strand β-sheet with two peripheral α-helices; this region represents the hydrophobic core of the protein. A second domain contains the N terminus, several C-terminal α-helices, and a small peripheral anti-parallel β-sheet. The domains interact through an extended polar interface. pVIc spans the two domains like a strap, its C-terminal portion forming a sixth strand on the β-sheet. The active site is in a long, deep groove located between the two domains. Portions are structurally similar to the active site of the prototypical cysteine proteinase papain, especially some of the Cα backbone atoms (r.m.s. deviation of 0.354 Å for 12 Cα atoms). The active-site nucleophile of AVP, the conserved Cys122, was shown to have a pKa of 4.5, close to the pKa of 3.0 for the nucleophile of papain, suggesting that a similar ion pair arrangement with His54 may be present in AVP–pVIc. The interactions between AVP and pVIc include 24 non-β-strand hydrogen bonds, six β-strand hydrogen bonds and one covalent bond. Of the 204 amino acid residues in AVP, 33 are conserved among the many serotypes of adenovirus, and these aid in forming the active site groove, are involved in substrate specificity or interact between secondary structure elements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Proteins & Proteomics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ADENOVIRUSES
KW  - DNA viruses
KW  - PROTEINASES
KW  - PROTEOLYTIC enzymes
KW  - CYSTEINE proteinases
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - Active-site nucleophile
KW  - Cysteine proteinase
KW  - Peptide cofactor
KW  - Viral proteinase
KW  - X-ray crystallographic refinement
N1  - Accession Number: 15893954; McGrath, William J. 1 Ding, Jianzhong 2 Didwania, Aashish 1 Sweet, Robert M. 1 Mangel, Walter F. 1; Email Address: Mangel@BNL.Gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 50 Bell Avenue, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Physics Department, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 1648 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ADENOVIRUSES; Subject Term: DNA viruses; Subject Term: PROTEINASES; Subject Term: PROTEOLYTIC enzymes; Subject Term: CYSTEINE proteinases; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active-site nucleophile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cysteine proteinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peptide cofactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viral proteinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray crystallographic refinement; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1570-9639(03)00024-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15893954&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lowry, David F.
AU  - Hoyt, David W.
AU  - Khazi, Fayaz A.
AU  - Bagu, John
AU  - Lindsey, Andrea G.
AU  - Wilson III, David M.
T1  - Investigation of the Role of the Histidine–Aspartate Pair in the Human Exonuclease III-like Abasic Endonuclease, Ape1
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 329
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Hydrogen bonded histidine–aspartate (His–Asp) pairs are critical constituents in several key enzymatic reactions. To date, the role that these pairs play in catalysis is best understood in serine and trypsin-like proteases, where structural and biochemical NMR studies have revealed important pKa values and hydrogen bonding patterns within the catalytic pocket. However, the role of the His–Asp pair in metal-assisted catalysis is less clear. Here, we apply liquid-state NMR to investigate the role of a critical histidine residue of apurinic endonuclease 1 (Ape1), a human DNA repair enzyme that cleaves adjacent to abasic sites in DNA using one or more divalent cations and an active-site His–Asp pair. The results of these studies suggest that the Ape1 His–Asp pair does not function as either a general base catalyst or a metal ligand. Rather, the pair likely stabilizes the pentavalent transition state necessary for phospho-transfer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - abasic
KW  - AP, apurinic/apyrimidinic
KW  - Ape1
KW  - ExoIII, Escherichia coli exonuclease III
KW  - His–Asp pair
KW  - NMR
KW  - WT, wild-type
N1  - Accession Number: 9808794; Lowry, David F. 1; Email Address: david.lowry@pnl.gov Hoyt, David W. 1 Khazi, Fayaz A. 1 Bagu, John 1 Lindsey, Andrea G. 1 Wilson III, David M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Macromolecular Structure & Dynamics, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 329 Issue 2, p311; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Author-Supplied Keyword: abasic; Author-Supplied Keyword: AP, apurinic/apyrimidinic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ape1; Author-Supplied Keyword: ExoIII, Escherichia coli exonuclease III; Author-Supplied Keyword: His–Asp pair; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: WT, wild-type; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00382-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9808794&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, C.M.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - McCready, D.E.
AU  - Chambers, S.A.
AU  - Peden, C.H.F.
T1  - Interface characteristics of iso-structural thin film and substrate pairs
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Cubic-CeO2 and α-Fe2O3 thin films have been epitaxially grown on yttria-stabilized ZrO2 and α-Al2O3 substrates, respectively, by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The interface structural features between the films and the substrates were characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). RBS channeling spectra for both CeO2/ZrO2 and Fe2O3/Al2O3 show interface disorder-related scattering peaks. It is believed that the observed interface disorder-related scattering peaks in the RBS spectra are due to interface misfit dislocations. Cross sectional HRTEM reveals that interfaces of both systems are similarly characterized by coherent regions that are separated by misfit dislocations periodically distributed along the interface. The experimentally observed dislocation spacings are approximately consistent with those calculated from the lattice mismatch, implying that the lattice mismatch is accommodated mainly by interface misfit dislocations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - α
KW  - -Fe2O3
KW  - <f>c</f>-CeO2
KW  - Interface dislocations
KW  - RBS
KW  - TEM
KW  - Thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 9892336; Wang, C.M.; Email Address: chongmin.wang@pnl.gov Thevuthasan, S. 1 Gao, F. 1 Shutthanandan, V. 1 McCready, D.E. 1 Chambers, S.A. 1 Peden, C.H.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: α; Author-Supplied Keyword: -Fe2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>c</f>-CeO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: RBS; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00512-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892336&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Atomic simulation of ion–solid interaction in ceramics
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Understanding dynamic processes during ion irradiation, as well as irradiation-induced microstructural changes, requires fundamental knowledge on defect properties, defect generation in atomic collision processes, multiple ion–solid interactions and defect migration. The multiple scale simulation methods are presented in this paper, and in particular, an application on SiC is discussed in detail. Density functional theory (DFT) has been employed to determine defect energetics and the most favorable interstitial configurations in SiC. Based on DFT calculations, a new empirical potential has been developed in order to carry out large-scale simulations of microstructural evolution. Multimillion atom systems (up to 6 million) have been used to study defect production, defect clustering, multiple ion–solid interactions and structural evolution in SiC. The defect-stimulated growth and coalescence of clusters represents an important mechanism for irradiation-induced crystalline-to-amorphous transformation. The relative disordering and swelling behavior, as well as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy image simulations, based on molecular dynamics results, provide atomic-level interpretations of experimentally observed features in SiC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - Ab initio calculations
KW  - Amorphization
KW  - Defect production
KW  - Molecular dynamics simulations
KW  - Multiple ion–solid interaction
KW  - SiC
N1  - Accession Number: 9892337; Gao, F.; Email Address: fei.gao@pnl.gov Weber, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-93, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p10; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple ion–solid interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00515-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892337&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meldrum, Al
AU  - Boatner, Lynn A.
AU  - Ewing, Rodney C.
T1  - Size effects in the irradiation-induced crystalline-to-amorphous transformation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Due to their unique properties, nanocrystalline composites are currently finding applications in high-radiation environments. By using zirconia (ZrO2) as an example, we show that at the smallest particle sizes, radiation damage effects can be strongly enhanced, and that under certain conditions, materials that are generally considered to be radiation resistant can become susceptible to irradiation-induced amorphization. Bulk zirconia has previously been irradiated to 680 dpa with no evidence of amorphization; however, we find that nanocrystalline zirconia can be amorphized at a dose as low as 0.9 dpa due, in part, to the energetics of the increased surface-to-volume ratio. These results have implications for the design of nanocomposite materials for use in space vehicles and in other high-radiation environments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Amorphization
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Nanocrystals
KW  - Zirconia
KW  - ZrO2
N1  - Accession Number: 9892339; Meldrum, Al 1; Email Address: ameldrum@ualberta.ca Boatner, Lynn A. 2 Ewing, Rodney C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB T6G 2J1  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p28; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zirconia; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZrO2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00519-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892339&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meldrum, A.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
AU  - Sorge, K.
T1  - Microstructure and magnetic properties of Co nanoparticles in ion-implanted Al2O3
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Ion implantation and thermal processing can be used to create a variety of single-element or compound ferromagnetic nanocrystals embedded in dielectric host materials. This approach leads to the formation of nanocomposites with several attractive characteristics for potential applications in magnetic data storage media. A number of problems must be addressed before such applications can be realized in practice, however. One difficulty lies in the exercise of sufficiently fine control over the magnetic and microstructural properties of interest. Here, we show that Co nanocrystals produced by the ion implantation of Al2O3 can be formed either as spheroidal or well faceted single-crystal precipitates, depending on the synthesis conditions. Subsequent ion irradiation of the nanoparticles can alter the microstructure and internal chemistry of the particles as well as that of the host matrix, thereby providing a means of increasing the coercive field of the Co nanoparticles by almost two orders of magnitude. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Al2O3
KW  - Co
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Magnetic
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Nanocrystals
N1  - Accession Number: 9892340; Meldrum, A. 1; Email Address: ameldrum@ualberta.ca Boatner, L.A. 2 Sorge, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB T6G 2J1  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p36; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Co; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystals; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00520-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892340&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alves, E.
AU  - Marques, C.
AU  - da Silva, R.C.
AU  - Monteiro, T.
AU  - Soares, J.
AU  - McHargue, C.
AU  - Ononye, L.C.
AU  - Allard, L.F.
T1  - Structural and optical studies of Co and Ti implanted sapphire
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Single crystals of α-Al2O3 with different orientations were implanted with several fluences of Ti and Co ions. For low fluences both Ti and Co ions are fully incorporated in Al lattice sites and remain stable up to annealing temperatures of 1000 °C. For fluences of <f>5×1016</f> cm−2 the implanted region becomes completely disordered (amorphous) for samples implanted with Ti while for Co the same condition is achieved only for higher fluences (<f>2×1017</f> Co+/cm2). The recovery of the implantation damage is almost complete after annealing at 1000 °C in either oxidizing or reducing atmospheres for fluences below <f>5×1016</f> cm−2. For higher fluences annealing in a reducing ambient promotes the precipitation of crystalline metallic Co and Ti particles, as revealed by TEM and RBS. These precipitates retard the damage recovery. The presence of oxygen during annealing leads to the formation of mixed Co and Al oxides through the entire implanted region. Annealing at 1000 °C promotes the formation of a spinel phase (Al2CoO4) and the blue or green coloration of sapphire, depending on the Co fluence. Moreover, narrow red emission lines were observed. For Ti the oxides concentrate at the surface and optical absorption measurements show the presence of a broad absorption band centered at 325 nm. This band is absent in the samples annealed in a reducing atmosphere. Photoluminescence measurements reveal the presence of an emission band centered near 840 nm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - α
KW  - -Al2O3
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Optical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 9892342; Alves, E. 1; Email Address: ealves@itn1.itn.pt Marques, C. 1 da Silva, R.C. 1 Monteiro, T. 2 Soares, J. 2 McHargue, C. 3 Ononye, L.C. 4 Allard, L.F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, Dep. Fisica, EN 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal  2: Dep. Física da Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal  3: Center for Materials Processing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-0750, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: α; Author-Supplied Keyword: -Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00522-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Wang, C.M.
AU  - Maheswaran, S.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
T1  - Atomic-level simulations of misfit dislocation at the interface of Fe2O3/Al2O3 system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - When α-Fe2O3 thin films are deposited on α-Al2O3(0 0 0 1) substrates using oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy, a periodic distribution of basal dislocations occurs due to lattice mismatch along the interfaces. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy shows, when observed from <f>〈1 1 <ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl> 0〉</f> zone axis, that these dislocations lie at the interface about 7.0 nm apart. Molecular-dynamics simulations were performed in order to understand the formation of misfit dislocations and the interface structural features in Fe2O3/Al2O3 system. It is found that the misfit dislocations are mainly formed in Al2O3 substrates with Burger’s vector of 1/3<f>〈1 1 <ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">2</ovl> 0〉</f>, and terminated at the interfaces, in consistent with experiments observed previously. These dislocations can dissociate into two partial dislocations with Burger’s vectors of 1/3<f>〈1 0 <ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl> 0〉</f> and 1/3<f>〈0 1 <ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</ovl> 0〉</f> by forming stacking faults on (0 0 0 1) planes. The core structures of the misfit dislocations in semicoherent interfaces are analyzed in detail, and the misfit dislocations have narrow cores in the plane of the interfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Interface
KW  - Misfit dislocation
N1  - Accession Number: 9892343; Gao, F. 1; Email Address: fei.gao@pnl.gov Wang, C.M. 1 Maheswaran, S. 2 Thevuthasan, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: School of Engineering and Industrial Design, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South, DC, NSW 1797, Australia; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Misfit dislocation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00523-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felter, T.E.
AU  - Hrubesh, L.
AU  - Kubota, Alison
AU  - Davila, Lilian
AU  - Caturla, Maria
T1  - Laser damage probability studies of fused silica modified by MeV ion implantation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Energetic ions in the MeV regime have pronounced effects on the stress-state and geometry of fused silica. In particular, Polman and co-workers have shown that 4 MeV xenon ions cause substantial changes in thin films and microspheres of fused silica. For example, 2 μm wide trenches in thin films can be partially closed and microspheres substantially distorted. In our study, we investigate implantation into bulk silica and the subsequent response to high intensity ultra violet light. Specifically, we compare the damage threshold of fused silica to intense ultra violet light at 355 nm before and after room temperature ion bombardment and find little change despite clear alteration of the stress-state in the glass. We have also performed molecular dynamics simulations in order to understand the underlying effects that lead to obscuration of optics under laser and ion irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSED silica
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - Feuston and Garofalini potential
KW  - Fused silica
KW  - High intensity ultra violet light
KW  - Initial compaction or densification
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Laser damage threshold
KW  - MeV
KW  - Modification of materials by ion beams
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Radiation effects
KW  - Xenon
N1  - Accession Number: 9892344; Felter, T.E.; Email Address: felter1@llnl.gov Hrubesh, L. 1 Kubota, Alison 1 Davila, Lilian 1 Caturla, Maria 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p72; Subject Term: FUSED silica; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Feuston and Garofalini potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fused silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: High intensity ultra violet light; Author-Supplied Keyword: Initial compaction or densification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser damage threshold; Author-Supplied Keyword: MeV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modification of materials by ion beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00524-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892344&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
T1  - Effect of ion irradiation in cadmium niobate pyrochlores
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Irradiation experiments have been performed for cadmium niobate (Cd2Nb2O7) pyrochlore single crystals at both 150 and 300 K using 1.0 MeV Au2+ ions over fluences ranging from 0.01 to 0.10 ions/nm2. In-situ 3.0 MeV He+ Rutherford backscattering spectrometry along the <f>〈1 0 0〉</f>-axial channeling direction (RBS/C) has been applied to study the damage states ranging from small defect concentrations to a fully amorphous state. Results show that the crystal can be readily amorphized under the irradiation conditions. Room-temperature recovery of the defects produced at 150 K has been observed, while the defects produced at 300 K are thermally stable at room temperature. Results also indicate that the RBS/C analysis used in this study induced negligible damage in the near-surface regime. In addition, irradiation at and below room temperature using He+ and C3+ ions leads to surface exfoliation at the corresponding damage peaks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - Ion channeling
KW  - Ion cleaving
KW  - Ion irradiation
KW  - Lattice disorder
KW  - Pyrochlores
N1  - Accession Number: 9892346; Jiang, W. 1; Email Address: weilin.jiang@pnl.gov Weber, W.J. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Boatner, L.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion channeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion cleaving; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrochlores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00526-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892346&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
T1  - Ion beam analysis of irradiation effects in 6H–SiC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Irradiation in 6H–SiC single crystal wafers has been performed at temperatures ranging from 150 to 550 K using 2.0 MeV Au2+ or at 300 K using 50 keV He+ ions. Additional irradiation for the He+-irradiated specimen was carried out near room temperature using 50 MeV I10+ ions to ∼0.1 ions/nm2. In situ isothermal annealing for 6H–SiC irradiated at 500 K to 2.0 Au2+/nm2 was also conducted up to 90 min at the irradiation temperature. The lattice disorder in the irradiated samples has been determined using either 2.0 MeV He+ or 0.94 MeV D+ channeling analysis along the <f>〈0 0 0 1〉</f> axis. Results show that there is a substantial diffusion of the Si defects into a greater depth during the Au2+ irradiation at 500 and 550 K. Complete amorphization at 550 K does not occur up to a maximum fluence of 15 Au2+/nm2 in this study. Significant thermal recovery of the Si defects produced at 150 K was not observed during the subsequent thermal annealing at 500 K. Following the I10+ irradiation in the He+-irradiated specimen near room temperature, remarkable recrystallization at the amorphous–crystalline interfaces around the damage profile is observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - Disorder accumulation and recovery
KW  - Ion channeling analysis
KW  - Ion irradiation
KW  - SiC
N1  - Accession Number: 9892347; Jiang, W. 1; Email Address: weilin.jiang@pnl.gov Weber, W.J. 1 Zhang, Y. 2 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Shutthanandan, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE-751 21, Sweden; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 207 Issue 1, p92; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disorder accumulation and recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion channeling analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00527-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balatsky, A.V.
AU  - Zhu, J.X.
T1  - Competing orders and field induction of d+id<f>′</f> state
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The role of the magnetic field on the d-wave density wave as a model of pseudogap state of cuprates and on the d-wave superconducting state will be addresses. We argue that in d-wave density state magnetic field can produce secondary gap components. This distortion by magnetic field offers a possibility to distinguish between different scenarios of pseudogap in normal state of high-<f>Tc</f> materials. Similarly we argue that magnetic field can distort the p-wave state and produce secondary component of the gap in p-wave superconductor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Competing order
KW  - d+id<f>′</f> superconductor
KW  - d-density wave
KW  - Field-induced component
KW  - Pseudogap
N1  - Accession Number: 9892651; Balatsky, A.V.; Email Address: avb@lanl.gov Zhu, J.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theory Division, T-11 MS B 262, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p25; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Competing order; Author-Supplied Keyword: d+id<f>′</f> superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: d-density wave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field-induced component; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudogap; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02606-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892651&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kawabata, C.
AU  - Takeuchi, M.
AU  - Hayashi, N.
AU  - Ono, F.
AU  - Shenoy, S.R.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Monte Carlo study of pseudo-gap temperature <f>T&ast;</f> within JJA model
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We study pseudo-gap temperature <f>T&ast;</f> of high-<f>Tc</f> superconductors by a Monte Carlo simulation of anisotropic 3D Josephson junction array (JJA) model based on the Ginzburg–Landau theory. We investigate <f>T&ast;</f> both in the cases of zero external current and finite external current <f>I</f> in the JJA. It is found that, the external current <f>I</f> depresses only a little the pseudo-gap temperature <f>T&ast;</f>, while the superconducting critical temperature <f>Tc</f> is much affected by <f>I</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - JOSEPHSON junctions
KW  - Ginzburg–Landau theory
KW  - High-<f>Tc</f> cuprate superconductor
KW  - Josephson junction array model
KW  - Pseudo-gap temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 9892653; Kawabata, C. 1; Email Address: kawabatact@nifty.com Takeuchi, M. 1 Hayashi, N. 2; Email Address: haya@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp Ono, F. 3 Shenoy, S.R. 4 Bishop, A.R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan  2: Computer Center, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan  3: Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan  4: Condensed Matter Group, Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste 34100, Italy  5: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p31; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: JOSEPHSON junctions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ginzburg–Landau theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-<f>Tc</f> cuprate superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Josephson junction array model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudo-gap temperature; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02608-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892653&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bouquet, F.
AU  - Fisher, R.A.
AU  - Phillips, N.E.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
T1  - Specific heat of Mg11B2: evidence for two energy gaps
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Measurements of the specific heat of Mg11B2, from 1 to 50 K in magnetic fields to 9 T, are reported. The superconducting-state electron contribution is very different from that of other superconductors, but the general features are consistent with predictions for a two-gap superconductor, and a two-gap model based on BCS thermodynamics can quantitatively represent it. Parameters characterizing the gaps are in agreement with theoretical calculations. An unusually strong magnetic field dependence of the temperature-proportional term in the electron contribution to the vortex-state specific heat is another manifestation of the two gaps. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Mg11B2
KW  - Phenomenological fit
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - Two energy gaps
N1  - Accession Number: 9892692; Bouquet, F. 1 Fisher, R.A. 1 Phillips, N.E. 1; Email Address: nephill@cchem.berkeley.edu Hinks, D.G. 2 Jorgensen, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p109; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mg11B2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenomenological fit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two energy gaps; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02365-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892692&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karapetrov, G.
AU  - Iavarone, M.
AU  - Koshelev, A.E.
AU  - Kwok, W.K.
AU  - Crabtree, G.W.
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
AU  - Lee, S.I.
T1  - Momentum-dependent scanning tunneling spectroscopy in MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present study of the anisotropic superconductor MgB2 using a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The results reveal two distinct energy gaps at <f>Δ1=2.3</f> meV and <f>Δ2=7.1</f> meV. Different spectral weights of the partial superconducting density of states are a reflection of different tunneling directions in this multi-band system. Our experimental observations are consistent with the existence of two-band superconductivity in the presence of interband superconducting pair interaction and quasi-particle scattering. Temperature evolution of the tunneling spectra follows the BCS scenario with both gaps vanishing at the bulk <f>Tc</f>. The data confirm the importance of Fermi-surface sheet dependent superconductivity in MgB2 proposed in the multi-gap model by Liu et al. . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Multi-gap superconductivity
KW  - Scanning tunneling spectroscopy
KW  - STM
N1  - Accession Number: 9892709; Karapetrov, G. 1; Email Address: goran@anl.gov Iavarone, M. 1 Koshelev, A.E. 1 Kwok, W.K. 1 Crabtree, G.W. 1 Hinks, D.G. 1 Lee, S.I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: NCRICS and Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p141; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-gap superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: STM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02685-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892709&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oomi, Gendo
AU  - Masaoka, Daisuke
AU  - Kagayama, Tomoko
AU  - Kuroda, Noritaka
AU  - Cho, B.K.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Effect of pressure on the superconducting properties of Ho0.5Y0.5Ni2B2C
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Electrical resistance and lattice constants of Ho0.5Y0.5Ni2B2C have been measured at high pressure in order to clarify the competition between antiferromagnetism and superconductivity. It is found that the superconducting transition temperature and the upper critical fields decrease with increasing pressure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - Borocarbide
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9892729; Oomi, Gendo 1; Email Address: oomi@rc.kyushu-u.ac.jp Masaoka, Daisuke 2 Kagayama, Tomoko 2 Kuroda, Noritaka 2 Cho, B.K. 3 Canfield, P.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Ropponmatsu, Fukuoka 810-8560, Japan  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan  3: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p177; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Borocarbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02715-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892729&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McBrien, M.N.
AU  - Hussey, N.E.
AU  - Balicas, L.
AU  - Horii, S.
AU  - Ikuta, H.
T1  - Dimensional crossover phenomena in PrBa2Cu4O8
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Transport measurements have been performed on the quasi-1D cuprate PrBa2Cu4O8 (Pr124) in zero and applied magnetic fields. A <f>T2</f> resistivity is observed along all three crystallographic directions at low <f>T</f>. As the temperature is increased however, crossovers to states of reduced dimensionality are seen in both interchain resistivities <f>ρa(T)</f> and <f>ρc(T)</f>. A large transverse magnetoresistance is observed in both <f>ρa</f> and <f>ρc</f> that is consistent with predictions from Boltzmann transport theory, and at sufficiently high fields, Pr124 also undergoes a magnetic-field-induced dimensional crossover. These results provide compelling evidence for a Fermi liquid ground state in Pr124. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Cuprate
KW  - Dimensional crossovers
KW  - Doped Mott insulator
KW  - Quasi-1D transport
N1  - Accession Number: 9892810; McBrien, M.N. 1; Email Address: matt.mcbrien@bristol.ac.uk Hussey, N.E. 1; Email Address: n.e.hussey@bristol.ac.uk Balicas, L. 2 Horii, S. 3 Ikuta, H. 4; Affiliation:  1: H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan  4: Center for Integrated Research in Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p327; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cuprate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimensional crossovers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doped Mott insulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-1D transport; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02478-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9892810&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamaguchi, Norihiko
AU  - Kan, Hiroki
AU  - Zheng, G.-q.
AU  - Kitaoka, Y.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
T1  - Effect of chemical pressure on the magnetic order in heavy electron system CeRhIn5: 115In NQR study of CeRh<f>1−x</f>Ir<f>x</f>In5
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We have studied the chemical-pressure effect on the Neel temperature (<f>TN</f>) due to the substitution of Ir for Rh in the layered heavy fermion compound CeRhIn5 by nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) technique. We find that <f>TN</f> increases slightly upon replacing Ir for Rh up to the Ir content of 0.45. This feature resembles that in hydrostatically pressurized CeRhIn5 below 1.0 GPa where <f>TN</f> shows a similar dependence against pressure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance
KW  - CeIrIn5
KW  - CeRhIn5
KW  - Heavy fermion
KW  - NQR
N1  - Accession Number: 9893261; Yamaguchi, Norihiko 1; Email Address: yamaguchi@nmr.mp.es.osaka-u.ac.jp Kan, Hiroki 1 Zheng, G.-q. 1 Kitaoka, Y. 1 Sarrao, J.L. 2 Thompson, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, Japan  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p543; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeIrIn5; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeRhIn5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: NQR; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02733-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9893261&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fisher, R.A.
AU  - Bouquet, F.
AU  - Phillips, N.E.
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
T1  - Specific heat of CeRhIn5: pressure-driven transition from antiferromagnetism to heavy-fermion superconductivity
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
SN  - 09214534
AB  - CeRhIn5 is known to show an unusual transition at a critical pressure of ∼15 kbar. Specific-heat data show a gradual change in the zero-field “magnetic” specific-heat anomaly from one typical of antiferromagnetic (AF) ordering at ambient pressure to one more characteristic of a Kondo singlet ground state at 21 kbar. However, at 15 kbar there is a discontinuous change from an AF ground state to a superconducting ground state, and evidence of a weak thermodynamic first-order transition. Above the critical pressure, the low-energy excitations are characteristic of superconductivity with line nodes in the energy gap, and, at intermediate pressures, of extended gaplessness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - Antiferromagnetism
KW  - CeRhIn5
KW  - Heavy fermion
KW  - Pressure-driven transition
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9893277; Fisher, R.A. 1; Email Address: rafisher@cchem.berkeley.edu Bouquet, F. 1 Phillips, N.E. 1 Hundley, M.F. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 2 Fisk, Z. 3 Thompson, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p547; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeRhIn5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure-driven transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02364-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9893277&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Ossandon, J.G.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
AU  - Song, K.J.
AU  - Kim, H.J.
AU  - Krusin-Elbaum, L.
AU  - Sorge, K.D.
AU  - Ullmann, J.L.
T1  - Diminished equilibrium magnetization in Hg-1223 and Tl-2212 superconductors with fission-generated columnar defects
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 388/389
M3  - Article
SP  - 733
SN  - 09214534
AB  - When randomly oriented columnar defects (CDs) are added to Hg-1223 and Tl-2212 superconductors, their vortex state equilibrium magnetization <f>Meq</f> decreases substantially. <f>Meq</f> progressively deviates from the usual London ln(<f>B</f>) dependence and the curves become S-shaped. Vortex-defect interactions quantitatively account for this behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Columnar defects
KW  - Equilibrium magnetization
KW  - Hg-cuprates
KW  - Tl-cuprates
N1  - Accession Number: 9893419; Thompson, J.R. 1,2; Email Address: jrt@utk.edu Ossandon, J.G. 3 Christen, D.K. 1 Song, K.J. 2 Kim, H.J. 2 Krusin-Elbaum, L. 4 Sorge, K.D. 2 Ullmann, J.L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6061, USA  2: Dept of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA  3: Dept of Engineering Sciences, University of Talca, Curico, Chile  4: IBM Research Center, Yorktown Heights, 10598 NY, USA  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 388/389, p733; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Columnar defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equilibrium magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hg-cuprates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tl-cuprates; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02534-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9893419&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeng, Xianzhong
AU  - Mao, Samuel S.
AU  - Liu, Chunyi
AU  - Mao, Xianglei
AU  - Greif, Ralph
AU  - Russo, Richard E.
T1  - Plasma diagnostics during laser ablation in a cavity
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2003/05/30/
VL  - 58
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 867
SN  - 05848547
AB  - The formation of a laser-induced plasma in a cavity and the effects of a cavity on the ablation process were investigated. Cavities were fabricated in fused silica with equal depths and variable diameters to provide aspect ratios (depth/diameter) of 1, 3 and 6. The temperature and electron number density of the pulsed laser-induced plasma in the cavities were determined from spectroscopic measurements. Reflection and confinement effects by the cavity walls and plasma shielding were discussed to explain increased temperature and electron number density with increasing cavity aspect ratio. The temporal variations of the plasma temperature and electron number density sharply decreased inside the cavity. An adiabatic expansion model was not suitable for the laser-induced plasma in the cavity because plasma wall interactions were not included. Properties of laser-induced plasmas in the cavities and on a flat surface were compared. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - SHAPED charges
KW  - Cavity aspect ratio
KW  - Cavity structure
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Laser-induced plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 9858137; Zeng, Xianzhong 1 Mao, Samuel S. 1 Liu, Chunyi 1 Mao, Xianglei 1 Greif, Ralph 1 Russo, Richard E.; Email Address: rerusso@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p867; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: SHAPED charges; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cavity aspect ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cavity structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced plasma; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0584-8547(03)00021-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9858137&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salazar, Kenneth V.
AU  - Carroll, David W.
AU  - Trkula, Mitchell
AU  - Sandoval, Cynthia W.
T1  - Hydrogen uptake on film surfaces produced by a unique codeposition process
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/05/31/
VL  - 214
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Hydrogen uptake on several different film surfaces has been achieved by deposition of a conventional hydrogen gettering system via a novel combination of physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. We decided to use a conventional hydrogen gettering system, developed by Smith and Schicker [J.R. Schicker, AS/KCD Project No. EPN-047620, May 1994], that uses an acetylenic organic compound mixed with carbon supported palladium metal. The organic material, 1,4-bis-(phenylethynyl) benzene (DEB), is mixed with palladium and carbon by employing conventional solid state ceramic preparative techniques. Our novel codeposition process combines PVD and CVD techniques for fabricating thin-film coatings of the palladium-catalyzed DEB hydrogen gettering system. Hydrogen uptake was confirmed by <F>1H</F> NMR and our novel process lends itself well to placing hydrogen getter onto complex shapes and substrates of various compositions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Codeposition
KW  - CVD
KW  - DEB
KW  - Hydrogen getter
KW  - PVD
N1  - Accession Number: 9951747; Salazar, Kenneth V. 1; Email Address: kvs@lanl.gov Carroll, David W. 1 Trkula, Mitchell 1 Sandoval, Cynthia W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Weapon Materials and Manufacturing, Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 214 Issue 1-4, p20; Subject Term: PHYSICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Codeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: CVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: DEB; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen getter; Author-Supplied Keyword: PVD; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00352-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951747&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poston Jr., James A.
AU  - Siriwardane, Ranjani V.
AU  - Fisher, Edward P.
AU  - Miltz, Angela L.
T1  - Thermal decomposition of the rare earth sulfates of cerium(III), cerium(IV), lanthanum(III) and samarium(III)
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/05/31/
VL  - 214
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Surface and bulk chemical and elemental composition of the rare earth sulfates of cerium(III), cerium(IV), lanthanum(III) and samarium(III) were characterized during various stages of thermal decomposition. Decomposition was conducted under both vacuum and atmospheric conditions. In situ analysis was conducted on samples decomposed in vacuum. As identified by X-ray diffraction, the bulk decomposition of all the rare earth sulfate samples to their corresponding oxide, in atmosphere, proceeded via the formation of an oxysulfate. For the exception of cerium(III) sulfate, similar results were obtained in thermogravimetric analysis. The thermal decomposition profile, as determined by X-ray microanalysis was similar to that observed in thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. Elemental maps revealed no observable concentration gradients of sulfur. Surface composition was not necessarily representative of the bulk composition. Thermal decomposition of sulfates to an oxide initiated at a lower temperature in vacuum than that observed at atmospheric pressure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - Oxysulfate
KW  - Rare earth sulfates
KW  - Sulfate decomposition
KW  - Thermal decomposition
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9951754; Poston Jr., James A. 1; Email Address: jposto@netl.doe.gov Siriwardane, Ranjani V. 1 Fisher, Edward P. 1 Miltz, Angela L. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, P.O. Box 880, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA  2: EG&G-TSWV Inc., 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: May2003, Vol. 214 Issue 1-4, p83; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: CERIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxysulfate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth sulfates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfate decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00358-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Chen, Liaohai
AU  - Nilsson, Martin
AU  - Abe, Shigeaki
T1  - Bridging Nonliving and Living Matter.
JO  - Artificial Life
JF  - Artificial Life
Y1  - 2003///Summer2003
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 10645462
AB  - Assembling non-biological materials (geomaterials) into a proto-organism constitutes a bridge between nonliving and living matter. In this article we present a simple step-by-step route to assemble a proto-organism. Many pictures have been proposed to describe this transition within the origins-of-life and artificial life communities, and more recently alternative pictures have been emerging from advances in nanoscience and biotechnology. The proposed proto-organism lends itself to both traditions and defines a new picture based on a simple idea: Given a set of required functionalities, minimize the physicochemical structures that support these functionalities, and make sure that all structures self-assemble and mutually enhance each other's existence. The result is the first concrete, rational design of a simple physicochemical system that integrates the key functionalities in a thermodynamically favorable manner as a lipid aggregate integrates proto-genes and a proto-metabolism. Under external pumping of free energy, the metabolic processes produce the required building blocks, and only specific gene sequences enhance the metabolic kinetics sufficiently for the whole system to survive. We propose an experimental implementation of the proto-organism with a discussion of our experimental results, together with relevant results produced by other experimental groups, and we specify what is still missing experimentally. Identifying the missing steps is just as important as providing the road map for the transition. We derive the kinetic and thermodynamic conditions of each of the proto-organism subsystems together with relevant theoretical and computational results about these subsystems. We present and discuss detailed 3D simulations of the lipid aggregation processes. From the reaction kinetics we derive analytical aggregate size distributions, and derive key properties of the metabolic efficiency and stability. Thermodynamics and kinetics of the ligation directed self-replication of the proto-genes is discussed, and we summarize the full life cycle of the proto-organism by comparing size, replication time, and energy with the biomass efficiency of contemporary unicells. Finally, we also compare our proto-organism picture with existing origins-of-life and protocell pictures. By assembling one possible bridge between nonliving and living matter we hope to provide a piece in the ancient puzzle about who we are and where we come from. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Artificial Life is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - LIFE
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - ARTIFICIAL CHEMISTRY
KW  - EVOLUTION
KW  - MULTISCALE SIMULATION
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - ORIGINS OF LIFE
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
KW  - PROTO-CELLS
KW  - SELF-ASSEMBLY
KW  - SUPERMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 10945249; Rasmussen, Steen 1,2; Email Address: steen@lanl.gov Chen, Liaohai 3; Email Address: lhchen@anl.gov Nilsson, Martin 1; Email Address: nilsson@lanl.gov Abe, Shigeaki 1,3; Email Address: sabe@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Self-Organizing Systems, EES-6, MS-T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  2: Santa Fe Institute, 1399, Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87506.  3: Bioscience Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439.; Source Info: Summer2003, Vol. 9 Issue 3, p269; Subject Term: BIOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: LIFE; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARTIFICIAL CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: EVOLUTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: MULTISCALE SIMULATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORIGINS OF LIFE; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: PROTO-CELLS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SELF-ASSEMBLY; Author-Supplied Keyword: SUPERMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 48p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/106454603322392479
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10945249&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doran, J.C.
AU  - Berkowitz, C.M.
AU  - Coulter, R.L.
AU  - Shaw, W.J.
AU  - Spicer, C.W.
T1  - The 2001 Phoenix Sunrise experiment: vertical mixing and chemistry during the morning transition in Phoenix
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 37
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2365
SN  - 13522310
AB  - A field experiment was carried out in Phoenix during June 2001 to examine the role of vertical mixing on the O3 chemistry of the boundary layer during the morning transition from stable to unstable atmospheric conditions. Surface instruments, instruments located on two floors of a 39 story building in downtown Phoenix, and an instrumented airplane were used to characterize the evolving chemistry in the lowest 650 m of the atmosphere. Remote sensing and in situ platforms were used to obtain detailed profiles of winds and temperatures during the early morning hours and for several hours after sunrise. The analysis presented in this paper focuses on vertical profiles of CO, O3, and NO/NOy measured on the building and their relationship to the morning boundary layer evolution over Phoenix. Some features of these profiles were found that are consistent with a simple conceptual picture of nighttime trapping of pollutants in a stable surface layer and a subsequent release the following morning. On some days, however, evidence of significant vertical mixing was found during the early morning hours well before the times expected for the development of convective mixing after sunrise. Possible causes include advection, street canyon turbulence, and large-scale convergence, but a satisfactory explanation for the observed evolution of the chemical profiles has not yet been found. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OZONE layer
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - CO profiles
KW  - Morning transition
KW  - O3 profiles
KW  - Urban air quality
KW  - Vertical mixing
N1  - Accession Number: 9543969; Doran, J.C. 1; Email Address: christopher.doran@pnl.gov Berkowitz, C.M. 1 Coulter, R.L. 2 Shaw, W.J. 1 Spicer, C.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Battelle Columbus Operationsm, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH 43201, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 17, p2365; Subject Term: OZONE layer; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morning transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: O3 profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urban air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertical mixing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00134-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9543969&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - I. Tadesse
AU  - F.B. Green
AU  - J.A. Puhakka
T1  - The Role of Sulphidogenesis in Anaerobic Treatment Phase of Tannery Wastewater Treatment in Advanced Integrated Wastewater Pond System.
JO  - Biodegradation
JF  - Biodegradation
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 227
SN  - 09239820
AB  - An outdoor experiment was conducted to study the competition between Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) and Methanogenic Archaea (MA) in anaerobic treatment phase of tannery wastewater treatment in pilot-scale Advanced Facultative Pond (AFP). The relative electron flow towards sulphate reduction was higher (59–83%) than towards methanogenesis (17–41%), although the COD recovery within the reactor varied between 15 and 90%. The results also demonstrated that the flow of electrons towards SRB increased with increase of the sulphate concentration and decrease of the COD : SO4= ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biodegradation is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sulfates
KW  - Wastewater treatment
KW  - Methanogens
KW  - Electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 20387745; I. Tadesse 1; F.B. Green 2; J.A. Puhakka 1; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A-3317F Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p219; Thesaurus Term: Sulfates; Thesaurus Term: Wastewater treatment; Subject Term: Methanogens; Subject Term: Electrons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou
AU  - D.
AU  - Liu
AU  - X.
AU  - Kaczmarski
AU  - K.
AU  - Felinger
AU  - A.
AU  - Guiochon
AU  - G.
T1  - Prediction of Band Profiles of Mixtures of Bradykinin and Kallidin from Data Acquired by Competitive Frontal Analysis.
JO  - Biotechnology Progress
JF  - Biotechnology Progress
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 945
EP  - 954
SN  - 87567938
AB  - The competitive adsorption isotherms of two closely related peptides, bradykinin and kallidin, were measured by frontal analysis on a Zorbax SB-C18 microbore column. An aqueous soluton at 20% acetonitrile (0.1% TFA) was used as the mobile phase. The competitive isotherm data were fitted to four different models:  Langmuir, Bilangmuir, Langmuir-Freundlich, and Toth. These data fitted best to a Bilangmuir isotherm model. The influence of the pressure on the retention factors of the two peptides was found to be small and was not investigated in detail. The band profiles of large samples of the single components and of their mixtures were recorded. The overloaded profiles calculated using either the equilibrium-dispersive or POR model are in excellent agreement with the experimental profiles in all cases. Our results confirm that the competitive isotherm data derived from mixtures may suffice for a reasonably accurate prediction of the band profiles of all mixtures of the two components, provided their composition is close to 1/1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Progress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Peptides
KW  - Kallidin
N1  - Accession Number: 11997027; Zhou; D. 1; Liu; X. 1; Kaczmarski; K. 1; Felinger; A. 1; Guiochon; G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600 and Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p945; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Subject Term: Peptides; Subject Term: Kallidin; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallego, Nidia C.
AU  - Klett, James W.
T1  - Carbon foams for thermal management
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 41
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1461
SN  - 00086223
AB  - A unique process for the fabrication of high-thermal-conductivity carbon foam was developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). This process does not require the traditional blowing and stabilization steps and therefore is less costly. The resulting foam can have density values of between 0.2 and 0.6 g/cc and can develop a bulk thermal conductivity of between 40 and 180 W/m K. Because of its low density, its high thermal conductivity, its relatively high surface area, and its open-celled structure, the ORNL carbon foam is an ideal material for thermal management applications. Initial studies have shown the overall heat transfer coefficients of carbon foam-based heat sinks to be up to two orders of magnitude greater than those of conventional heat sinks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOAM
KW  - CARBON
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - A. Porous carbon
KW  - D. Transport properties
N1  - Accession Number: 9721268; Gallego, Nidia C.; Email Address: gallegonc@ornl.gov Klett, James W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Carbon Materials Technology Group, Metals and Ceramics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 41 Issue 7, p1461; Subject Term: FOAM; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Porous carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Transport properties; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0008-6223(03)00091-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9721268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaczmarski, Krzysztof
AU  - Gubernak, Malgorzata
AU  - Zhou, Dongmei
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Application of the general rate model with the Maxwell–Stefan equations for the prediction of the band profiles of the 1-indanol enantiomers
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 58
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2325
SN  - 00092509
AB  - The adsorption isotherm data of R- and S-1-indanol and of their racemic mixture on cellulose tribenzoate were measured by frontal analysis. These experimental data were fitted to the single-component and the modified competitive Bilangmuir isotherms. The overloaded elution profiles of bands of the pure enantiomers and of the racemic mixture were calculated for different sample sizes, using the best competitive isotherm model and the General Rate Model of chromatography coupled with the generalized Maxwell–Stefan equation that describes the surface diffusion flux. The calculated and the experimental profiles were found to be in excellent agreement in all cases. The parameters of the model of the mass transfer kinetics were derived from the band profiles obtained for the pure enantiomers. The same values of these parameters give an excellent prediction of the profiles of multicomponent bands. The new model described here allows a satisfactory interpretation of the competitive mass transfer kinetics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENANTIOMERS
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - 1-indanol
KW  - Enantiomeric separations
KW  - Equilibrium isotherm
KW  - General rate model
KW  - Kinetic studies
KW  - Maxwell–Stefan equation
N1  - Accession Number: 9854200; Kaczmarski, Krzysztof 1 Gubernak, Malgorzata 1 Zhou, Dongmei 2,3 Guiochon, Georges 2,3; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  3: Division of Chemical and Analytical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 58 Issue 11, p2325; Subject Term: ENANTIOMERS; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1-indanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enantiomeric separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equilibrium isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: General rate model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maxwell–Stefan equation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2509(03)00096-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9854200&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marland, Gregg
AU  - Pielke Sr., Roger A.
AU  - Apps, Mike
AU  - Avissar, Roni
AU  - Betts, Richard A.
AU  - Davis, Kenneth J.
AU  - Frumhoff, Peter C.
AU  - Jackson, Stephen T.
AU  - Joyce, Linda A.
AU  - Kauppi, Pekka
AU  - Katzenberger, John
AU  - MacDicken, Kenneth G.
AU  - Neilson, Ronald P.
AU  - Niles, John O.
AU  - Niyogi, Dev dutta S.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Pena, Naomi
AU  - Sampson, Neil
AU  - Xue, Yongkang
T1  - The climatic impacts of land surface change and carbon management, and the implications for climate-change mitigation policy
JO  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
JF  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 14693062
AB  - Strategies to mitigate anthropogenic climate change recognize that carbon sequestration in the terrestrial biosphere can reduce the build-up of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere. However, climate mitigation policies do not generally incorporate the effects of these changes in the land surface on the surface albedo, the fluxes of sensible and latent heat to the atmosphere, and the distribution of energy within the climate system. Changes in these components of the surface energy budget can affect the local, regional, and global climate. Given the goal of mitigating climate change, it is important to consider all of the effects of changes in terrestrial vegetation and to work toward a better understanding of the full climate system. Acknowledging the importance of land surface change as a component of climate change makes it more challenging to create a system of credits and debits wherein emission or sequestration of carbon in the biosphere is equated with emission of carbon from fossil fuels. Recognition of the complexity of human-caused changes in climate does not, however, weaken the importance of actions that would seek to minimize our disturbance of the Earth’s environmental system and that would reduce societal and ecological vulnerability to environmental change and variability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - POLLUTION prevention
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CARBON sequestration
KW  - LAND use
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Land surface change
KW  - Land use change
KW  - Surface energy balance
N1  - Accession Number: 10058332; Marland, Gregg 1; Email Address: gum@ornl.gov Pielke Sr., Roger A. 2; Email Address: pielke@atmos.colostate.edu Apps, Mike 3; Email Address: mapps@nrcan.gc.ca Avissar, Roni 4; Email Address: avissar@duke.edu Betts, Richard A. 5; Email Address: richard.betts@metoffice.com Davis, Kenneth J. 6; Email Address: davis@essc.psu.edu Frumhoff, Peter C. 7; Email Address: pfrumhoff@ucsusa.org Jackson, Stephen T. 8; Email Address: jackson@uwyo.edu Joyce, Linda A. 9; Email Address: ljoyce@fs.fed.us Kauppi, Pekka 10; Email Address: pekauppi@mappi.helsinki.fi Katzenberger, John 11; Email Address: johnk@agci.org MacDicken, Kenneth G. 12; Email Address: kmacdicken@yahoo.com Neilson, Ronald P. 13; Email Address: rneilson@fs.fed.us Niles, John O. 14; Email Address: joniles@socrates.berkeley.edu Niyogi, Dev dutta S. 15; Email Address: dev_niyogi@ncsu.edu Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov Pena, Naomi 16; Email Address: penan@pewclimate.org Sampson, Neil 17; Email Address: rneilsampson@cs.com Xue, Yongkang 18; Email Address: yxue@geog.ucla.edu; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA  2: Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA  3: Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, BC, Canada  4: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA  5: Met Office, Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction Bracknell, Berkshire, UK  6: Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA  7: Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA, USA  8: Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA  9: Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA  10: University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland  11: Aspen Global Change Institute, Aspen, CO, USA  12: Forestry Research and Development, Riau Forestry, Riau, Indonesia  13: USDA Forest Service, Corvallis, OR, USA  14: Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  15: Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, N.C. State University, Raleigh, NC, USA  16: Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Arlington, VA, USA  17: The Sampson Group Inc., Arlington, VA, USA  18: Geography Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p149; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: POLLUTION prevention; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CARBON sequestration; Subject Term: LAND use; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land surface change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land use change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy balance; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1469-3062(03)00028-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10058332&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marland, Gregg
AU  - Pielke Sr., Roger A.
AU  - Apps, Mike
AU  - Avissar, Roni
AU  - Betts, Richard A.
AU  - Davis, Kenneth J.
AU  - Frumhoff, Peter C.
AU  - Jackson, Stephen T.
AU  - Joyce, Linda A.
AU  - Kauppi, Pekka
AU  - Katzenberger, John
AU  - MacDicken, Kenneth G.
AU  - Neilson, Ronald P.
AU  - Niles, John O.
AU  - Niyogi, Dev dutta S.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Pena, Naomi
AU  - Sampson, Neil
AU  - Xue, Yongkang
T1  - The climatic impacts of land surface change and carbon management, and the implications for climate-change mitigation policy
JO  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
JF  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 14693062
AB  - Strategies to mitigate anthropogenic climate change recognize that carbon sequestration in the terrestrial biosphere can reduce the build-up of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere. However, climate mitigation policies do not generally incorporate the effects of these changes in the land surface on the surface albedo, the fluxes of sensible and latent heat to the atmosphere, and the distribution of energy within the climate system. Changes in these components of the surface energy budget can affect the local, regional, and global climate. Given the goal of mitigating climate change, it is important to consider all of the effects of changes in terrestrial vegetation and to work toward a better understanding of the full climate system. Acknowledging the importance of land surface change as a component of climate change makes it more challenging to create a system of credits and debits wherein emission or sequestration of carbon in the biosphere is equated with emission of carbon from fossil fuels. Recognition of the complexity of human-caused changes in climate does not, however, weaken the importance of actions that would seek to minimize our disturbance of the Earth’s environmental system and that would reduce societal and ecological vulnerability to environmental change and variability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Pollution prevention
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Land use
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Land surface change
KW  - Land use change
KW  - Surface energy balance
N1  - Accession Number: 10058332; Marland, Gregg 1; Email Address: gum@ornl.gov; Pielke Sr., Roger A. 2; Email Address: pielke@atmos.colostate.edu; Apps, Mike 3; Email Address: mapps@nrcan.gc.ca; Avissar, Roni 4; Email Address: avissar@duke.edu; Betts, Richard A. 5; Email Address: richard.betts@metoffice.com; Davis, Kenneth J. 6; Email Address: davis@essc.psu.edu; Frumhoff, Peter C. 7; Email Address: pfrumhoff@ucsusa.org; Jackson, Stephen T. 8; Email Address: jackson@uwyo.edu; Joyce, Linda A. 9; Email Address: ljoyce@fs.fed.us; Kauppi, Pekka 10; Email Address: pekauppi@mappi.helsinki.fi; Katzenberger, John 11; Email Address: johnk@agci.org; MacDicken, Kenneth G. 12; Email Address: kmacdicken@yahoo.com; Neilson, Ronald P. 13; Email Address: rneilson@fs.fed.us; Niles, John O. 14; Email Address: joniles@socrates.berkeley.edu; Niyogi, Dev dutta S. 15; Email Address: dev_niyogi@ncsu.edu; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov; Pena, Naomi 16; Email Address: penan@pewclimate.org; Sampson, Neil 17; Email Address: rneilsampson@cs.com; Xue, Yongkang 18; Email Address: yxue@geog.ucla.edu; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA; 2: Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; 3: Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, BC, Canada; 4: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; 5: Met Office, Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction Bracknell, Berkshire, UK; 6: Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; 7: Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA, USA; 8: Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA; 9: Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA; 10: University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; 11: Aspen Global Change Institute, Aspen, CO, USA; 12: Forestry Research and Development, Riau Forestry, Riau, Indonesia; 13: USDA Forest Service, Corvallis, OR, USA; 14: Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; 15: Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, N.C. State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; 16: Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Arlington, VA, USA; 17: The Sampson Group Inc., Arlington, VA, USA; 18: Geography Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p149; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Pollution prevention; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land surface change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land use change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy balance; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1469-3062(03)00028-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=10058332&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Filippo Giorgi
AU  - Xungqiang Bi
AU  - Yun Qian
T1  - Indirect vs. Direct Effects of Anthropogenic Sulfate on the Climate of East Asia as Simulated with a Regional Coupled Climate-Chemistry/Aerosol Model.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 376
SN  - 01650009
AB  - We intercompare a series of multi-year simulations with a coupled regional chemistry-climate model for east Asia to assess the relative importance of direct and indirect (Type I) effects of anthropogenic sulfate on the climate of the region. Both direct and indirect aerosol effects induce a negative radiative forcing that results in a cooling of the surface and in a decrease of precipitation. Under present day sulfur emissions, the direct aerosol effects prevail during the cold season, while the indirect effects dominate in the warm season (when cloudiness is maximum over the region). When both the direct and indirect effects are included, the surface cooling varies in the range of –0.1 to over –1 K throughout the region and extended areas of statistically significant cooling are found in all seasons except winter. The indirect effects largely dominate in inhibiting precipitation, especially during the summer. When doubling the sulfur emissions, the direct effects are substantially strengthened, while the indirect effects are only marginally affected. This indicates that the indirect effects over the region might be asymptotically approaching their maximum efficiency. Overall, the indirect effects appear necessary to explain the observed temperature record over some regions of China, at least in the warm season. A number of uncertainties need to be addressed, such as due to Type II indirect effects, modeling of the relationship between aerosol concentration and cloud optical properties, and contribution of aerosols other than anthropogenic sulfate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - EAST Asia
N1  - Accession Number: 20374031; Filippo Giorgi 1 Xungqiang Bi 1 Yun Qian 2; Affiliation:  1: Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p345; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: EAST Asia; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heinstein, M. W.
AU  - Laursen, T. A.
T1  - A three dimensional surface-to-surface projection algorithm for non-coincident domains<FNR></FNR><FN>This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the U.S.A. </FN>.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
EP  - 432
SN  - 10698299
AB  - A numerical procedure is outlined to achieve the least squares projection of a finite dimensional representation from one surface to another in three dimensions. Although the applications of such an algorithm are many, the specific problem considered is the mortar tying of dissimilarly meshed grids in large deformation solid mechanics. The algorithm includes a nearest neighbour search, a systematic subdivision of the surface of intersection into smooth subdomains (termed segments), and a robust numerical quadrature scheme for evaluation of the spatial integrals defining the mortar projection. The procedure outlined, while discussed for the mesh tying problem, is directly applicable to the study of contact-impact. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - CONTACT mechanics
KW  - APPLIED mechanics
KW  - PROJECTION
KW  - contact mechanics
KW  - large deformations
KW  - mesh tying
KW  - mortar projection
N1  - Accession Number: 13440552; Heinstein, M. W. 1 Laursen, T. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Computational Solid Mechanics and Structural Dynamics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, U.S.A.  2: Computational Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0287, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p421; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: CONTACT mechanics; Subject Term: APPLIED mechanics; Subject Term: PROJECTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: contact mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: large deformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh tying; Author-Supplied Keyword: mortar projection; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/cnm.601
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, James E.
AU  - Anderson, Robert A.
AU  - Williamson, Rodney L.
T1  - Generating strange interactions in particle suspensions
JO  - Composites Science & Technology
JF  - Composites Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 63
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1097
SN  - 02663538
AB  - When a soft magnetic particle suspension is subjected to a vertical uniaxial magnetic field the particles polarize, the positive dipolar interactions causing particle chain formation. If instead an audio-frequency rotating magnetic field is applied in a horizontal plane, the particles experience an average interaction that to first order is a negative dipolar interaction, causing particle sheet formation in the biaxial field plane. When a vertical unaixial field and a horizontal biaxial field are simultaneously applied with the field amplitudes balanced, the positive and negative dipolar interactions cancel to first order, and one might expect no dipolar interactions at all. But in this balanced triaxial field an isotropic second-order dipolar interaction of surprising magnitude remains. This classical triaxial interaction can be attractive or repulsive, and exhibits strong many-body interactions that lead to a variety of unexpected effects, including stable clusters with molecular geometries, the emergence of a particle foam, and the production of vortices in the fluid. By manipulating the triaxial field, a variety of particle structures can be made that cannot be produced by any other known means. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites Science & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL-filled plastics
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - Field-structured composites
KW  - Magnetic particles
N1  - Accession Number: 9497765; Martin, James E.; Email Address: jmartin@sandia.gov Anderson, Robert A. 1 Williamson, Rodney L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1421, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 63 Issue 8, p1097; Subject Term: METAL-filled plastics; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field-structured composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic particles; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00030-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Umesh Adiga, P.S.
T1  - Segmentation of volumetric tissue images using constrained active contour models
JO  - Computer Methods & Programs in Biomedicine
JF  - Computer Methods & Programs in Biomedicine
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 71
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 01692607
AB  - In this article we describe an application of active contour model for the segmentation of 3D histo-pathological images. The 3D images of a thick tissue specimen are obtained as a stack of optical sections using confocal laser beam scanning microscope (CLSM). We have applied noise reduction and feature enhancement methods so that a smooth and slowly varying potential surface is obtained for proper convergence. To increase the capture range of the potential surface, we use a combination of distance potential and the diffused gradient potential as external forces. It has been shown that the region-based information obtained from low-level segmentation can be applied to reduce the adverse influence of the neighbouring nucleus having a strong boundary feature. We have also shown that, by increasing the axial resolution of the image stack, we can automatically propagate the optimum active contour of one image slice to its neighbouring image slices as an appropriate initial model. Results on images of prostate tissue section are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods & Programs in Biomedicine is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONFOCAL microscopy
KW  - PATHOLOGICAL histology
KW  - 3D image
KW  - Active contour
KW  - Confocal microscopy
KW  - Histo-pathology
KW  - Segmentation
N1  - Accession Number: 9792656; Umesh Adiga, P.S. 1; Email Address: upadiga@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: PS Umesh Adiga, Bio-Imaging Group, MS 84-171, Lawrence Berkeley National laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94705, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 71 Issue 2, p91; Subject Term: CONFOCAL microscopy; Subject Term: PATHOLOGICAL histology; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D image; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active contour; Author-Supplied Keyword: Confocal microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Histo-pathology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segmentation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-2607(02)00059-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bizimis, Michael
AU  - Salters, Vincent J. M.
AU  - Dawson, J. Barry
T1  - The brevity of carbonatite sources in the mantle: evidence from Hf isotopes.
JO  - Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology
JF  - Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 145
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 300
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00107999
AB  - Hf, Zr and Ti in carbonatites primarily reside in their non-carbonate fraction while the carbonate fraction dominates the Nd and Sr elemental budget of the whole rock. A detailed investigation of the Hf, Nd and Sr isotopic compositions shows frequent isotopic disequilibrium between the carbonate and non-carbonate fractions. We suggest that the trace element and isotopic composition of the carbonate fraction better represents that of the carbonatite magma, which in turn better reflects the composition of the carbonatitic source. Experimental partitioning data between carbonatite melt and peridotitic mineralogy suggest that the Lu/Hf ratio of the carbonatite source will be equal to or greater than the Lu/Hf ratio of the carbonatite. This, combined with the Hf isotope systematics of carbonatites, suggests that, if carbonatites are primary mantle melts, then their sources must be short-lived features in the mantle (maximum age of 10–30 Ma), otherwise they would develop extremely radiogenic Hf compositions. Alternatively, if carbonatites are products of extreme crystal fractionation or liquid immiscibility then the lack of radiogenic initial Hf isotope compositions also suggests that their sources do not have long-lived Hf depletions. We present a model in which the carbonatite source is created in the sublithospheric mantle by the crystallization of earlier carbonatitic melts from a mantle plume. This new source melts shortly after its formation by the excess heat provided by the approaching hotter center of the plume and/or the subsequent ascending silicate melts. This model explains the HIMU-EMI isotope characteristics of the East African carbonatites, their high LREE/HREE ratios as well as the rarity of carbonatites in the oceanic lithosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Petrology
KW  - Carbonatites
KW  - Carbonate rocks
KW  - Igneous rocks
KW  - Regolith
KW  - Earth (Planet) -- Mantle
N1  - Accession Number: 16899464; Bizimis, Michael 1,2; Email Address: bizimis@magnet.fsu.edu; Salters, Vincent J. M. 1; Dawson, J. Barry 3; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Geological Sciences, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, 32306, Tallahassee, FL, USA; 2: Department of Earth Sciences, Florida International University, 33199, Miami, FL, USA; 3: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, EH9 3JW, Edinburgh, Scotland; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 145 Issue 3, p281; Thesaurus Term: Petrology; Subject Term: Carbonatites; Subject Term: Carbonate rocks; Subject Term: Igneous rocks; Subject Term: Regolith; Subject Term: Earth (Planet) -- Mantle; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00410-003-0452-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lashley, J.C.
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Migliori, A.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Darling, T.W.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Cooley, J.C.
AU  - Hults, W.L.
AU  - Morales, L.
AU  - Thoma, D.J.
AU  - Smith, J.L.
AU  - Boerio-Goates, J.
AU  - Woodfield, B.F.
AU  - Stewart, G.R.
AU  - Fisher, R.A.
AU  - Phillips, N.E.
T1  - Critical examination of heat capacity measurements made on a Quantum Design physical property measurement system
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 43
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
SN  - 00112275
AB  - We examine the operation and performance of an automated heat-capacity measurement system manufactured by Quantum Design (QD). QD’s physical properties measurement system (PPMS) employs a thermal-relaxation calorimeter that operates in the temperature range of 1.8–395 K. The accuracy of the PPMS specific-heat data is determined here by comparing data measured on copper and synthetic sapphire samples with standard literature values. The system exhibits an overall accuracy of better than 1% for temperatures between 100 and 300 K, while the accuracy diminishes at lower temperatures. These data confirm that the system operates within the ±5% accuracy specified by QD. Measurements on gold samples with masses of 4.5 and 88 mg indicate that accuracy of ±3% or better can be achieved below 4 K by using samples with heat capacities that are half or greater than the calorimeter addenda heat capacity. The ability of a PPMS calorimeter to accurately measure sharp features in <f>Cp(T)</f> near phase transitions is determined by measuring the specific heat in the vicinity of the first-order antiferromagnetic transition in Sm2IrIn8 (<f>T0=14</f> K) and the second-order hidden order (HO) transition in URu2Si2 (<f>TN=17</f> K). While the PPMS measures <f>Cp(T)</f> near the second-order transition accurately, it is unable to do so in the vicinity of the first-order transition. We show that the specific heat near a first-order transition can be determined from the PPMS-measured decay curves by using an alternate analytical approach. This correction is required because the latent heat liberated/absorbed at the transition results in temperature–decay curves that cannot be described by a single relaxation time constant. Lastly, we test the ability of the PPMS to measure the specific heat of Mg11B2, a superconductor of current interest to many research groups, that has an unusually strong field-dependent specific heat in the mixed state. At the critical temperature the discontinuity in the specific heat is nearly 15% lower than measurements made on the same sample using a semi-adiabatic calorimeter at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT
KW  - MEASUREMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 9791322; Lashley, J.C. 1; Email Address: j.lash@lanl.gov Hundley, M.F. 1 Migliori, A. 1 Sarrao, J.L. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 1 Darling, T.W. 1 Jaime, M. 1 Cooley, J.C. 1 Hults, W.L. 1 Morales, L. 1 Thoma, D.J. 1 Smith, J.L. 1 Boerio-Goates, J. 2 Woodfield, B.F. 2 Stewart, G.R. 3 Fisher, R.A. 4 Phillips, N.E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663 MST-8, MS G721, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8440, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 43 Issue 6, p369; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0011-2275(03)00092-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Cheol Eui
AU  - Dalal, N.S.
AU  - Fu, R.
T1  - High resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study of Cr3+-doping effects on KTiOPO4
JO  - Current Applied Physics
JF  - Current Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
SN  - 15671739
AB  - 31P nuclear magnetic resonance was employed to investigate Cr3+-doping effects on KTiOPO4. The high resolution 31P isotropic chemical shift and linewidth measurements sensitively revealed changes in the microscopic environments caused by the doping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Applied Physics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - Chemical shift
KW  - Doping effects
KW  - High resolution NMR
KW  - KTiOPO4
N1  - Accession Number: 9600884; Lee, Cheol Eui 1; Email Address: rscel@korea.ac.kr Dalal, N.S. 2 Fu, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Institute for Nano Science, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea  2: Department of Chemistry, Florida State University and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p355; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doping effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: High resolution NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: KTiOPO4; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1567-1739(02)00223-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
T1  - Microarrays for bacterial detection and microbial community analysis
JO  - Current Opinion in Microbiology
JF  - Current Opinion in Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 288
SN  - 13695274
AB  - Several types of microarrays have recently been developed and evaluated for bacterial detection and microbial community analysis. These studies demonstrated that specific, sensitive and quantitative detection could be obtained with both functional gene arrays and community genome arrays. Although single-base mismatch can be differentiated with phylogenetic oligonucleotide arrays, reliable specific detection at the single-base level is still problematic. Microarray-based hybridization approaches are also useful for defining genome diversity and bacterial relatedness. However, more rigorous and systematic assessment and development are needed to realize the full potential of microarrays for microbial detection and community analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Microbiology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Microbiology
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Genes
KW  - Genomes
KW  - community genome array (CGA)
KW  - functional gene array (FGA)
KW  - phylogenetic oligonucleotide array (POA)
KW  - ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
KW  - small subunit (SSU)
N1  - Accession Number: 10063592; Zhou, Jizhong 1; Email Address: zhouj@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p288; Thesaurus Term: Bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Microbiology; Thesaurus Term: Genetics; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Genomes; Author-Supplied Keyword: community genome array (CGA); Author-Supplied Keyword: functional gene array (FGA); Author-Supplied Keyword: phylogenetic oligonucleotide array (POA); Author-Supplied Keyword: ribosomal RNA (rRNA); Author-Supplied Keyword: small subunit (SSU); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1369-5274(03)00052-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Satou, Yutaka
AU  - Imai, Kaoru S.
AU  - Levine, Michael
AU  - Kohara, Yuji
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel
AU  - Satoh, Nori
T1  - A genomewide survey of developmentally relevant genes in Ciona intestinalis: I. Genes for bHLH transcription factors.
JO  - Development Genes & Evolution
JF  - Development Genes & Evolution
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 213
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 221
SN  - 0949944X
AB  - The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are transcription factors that play important roles in many biological processes, including the development of various animals. We identified 46 genes encoding bHLH proteins in the draft genome sequence of the basal chordate Ciona intestinalis. These 46 genes represent an almost complete set of bHLH genes in this animal. This number is comparable to 39 and 58 bHLH genes in those of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster but is much smaller than the 125 in the human genome. Genes that encode NeuroD, Beta3, Oligo, SCL, NSCL, SRC, Clock and Bmal were not found in the Ciona genome. We could also identify groucho and CBP orthologues in the Ciona genome. In addition, the comparison between the numbers of orthologous human and Ciona bHLH factors reveals the simplicity of the Ciona genome, in accordance with its phylogenetic position within chordates. The present analysis provides an insight into the basic set of bHLH genes that the last common ancestor of ascidians and vertebrates had, and will provide important background information for future studies using ascidians as a model system for vertebrate development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Development Genes & Evolution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CIONA intestinalis
KW  - CHORDATA
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENES
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - Basal chordates
KW  - Ciona intestinalis
KW  - Genes for basic helix-loop-helix proteins
KW  - Genomewide survey
N1  - Accession Number: 16936201; Satou, Yutaka 1; Email Address: yutaka@ascidian.zool.kyoto-u.ac.jp Imai, Kaoru S. 1 Levine, Michael 2 Kohara, Yuji 3 Rokhsar, Daniel 4 Satoh, Nori 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.  2: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Genetics and Development, University of California, CA 94720, Berkeley, USA.  3: National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.  4: U.S. DoE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, CA 94598, Walnut Creek, USA.; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 213 Issue 5/6, p213; Subject Term: CIONA intestinalis; Subject Term: CHORDATA; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Basal chordates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ciona intestinalis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genes for basic helix-loop-helix proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genomewide survey; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00427-003-0319-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wada, Shuichi
AU  - Tokuoka, Miki
AU  - Shoguchi, Eiichi
AU  - Kobayashi, Kenji
AU  - di Gregorio, Anna
AU  - Spagnuolo, Antonietta
AU  - Branno, Margherita
AU  - Kohara, Yuji
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel
AU  - Levine, Michael
AU  - Saiga, Hidetoshi
AU  - Satoh, Nori
AU  - Satou, Yutaka
T1  - A genomewide survey of developmentally relevant genes in Ciona intestinalis: II. Genes for homeobox transcription factors.
JO  - Development Genes & Evolution
JF  - Development Genes & Evolution
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 213
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
EP  - 234
SN  - 0949944X
AB  - Homeobox-containing genes play crucial roles in various developmental processes, including body-plan specification, pattern formation and cell-type specification. The present study searched the draft genome sequence and cDNA/EST database of the basal chordate Ciona intestinalis to identify 83 homeobox-containing genes in this animal. This number of homeobox genes in the Ciona genome is smaller than that in the Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, human and mouse genomes. Of the 83 genes, 76 have possible human orthologues and 7 may be unique to Ciona. The ascidian homeobox genes were classified into 11 classes, including Hox class, NK class, Paired class, POU class, LIM class, TALE class, SIX class, Prox class, Cut class, ZFH class and HNF1 class, according to the classification scheme devised for known homeobox genes. As to the Hox cluster, the Ciona genome contains single copies of each of the paralogous groups, suggesting that there is a single Hox cluster, if any, but genes orthologous to Hox7, 8, 9 and 11 were not found in the genome. In addition, loss of genes had occurred independently in the Ciona lineage and was noticed in Gbx of the EHGbox subclass, Sax, NK3, Vax and vent of the NK class, Cart, Og9, Anf and Mix of the Paired class, POU-I, III, V and VI of the POU class, Lhx6/7 of the LIM class, TGIF of the TALE class, Cux and SATB of the Cut class, and ZFH1 of the ZFH class, which might have reduced the number of Ciona homeobox genes. Interestingly, one of the newly identified Ciona intestinalis genes and its vertebrate counterparts constitute a novel subclass of HNF1 class homeobox genes. Furthermore, evidence for the gene structures and expression of 54 of the 83 homeobox genes was provided by analysis of ESTs, suggesting that cDNAs for these 54 genes are available. The present data thus reveal the repertoire of homeodomain-containing transcription factors in the Ciona genome, which will be useful for future research on the development and evolution of chordates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Development Genes & Evolution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CIONA intestinalis
KW  - CHORDATA
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - DROSOPHILA melanogaster
KW  - Basal chordates
KW  - Ciona intestinalis
KW  - Genomewide survey
KW  - Homeobox genes
N1  - Accession Number: 16936199; Wada, Shuichi 1 Tokuoka, Miki 1 Shoguchi, Eiichi 1 Kobayashi, Kenji 1 di Gregorio, Anna 2 Spagnuolo, Antonietta 3 Branno, Margherita 3 Kohara, Yuji 4 Rokhsar, Daniel 5 Levine, Michael 6 Saiga, Hidetoshi 7 Satoh, Nori 1; Email Address: satoh@ascidian.zool.kyoto-u.ac.jp Satou, Yutaka 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.  2: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.  3: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy.  4: National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.  5: U.S. DoE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.  6: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Genetics and Development, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  7: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachiohji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 213 Issue 5/6, p222; Subject Term: CIONA intestinalis; Subject Term: CHORDATA; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA melanogaster; Author-Supplied Keyword: Basal chordates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ciona intestinalis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genomewide survey; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homeobox genes; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00427-003-0321-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yagi, Kasumi
AU  - Satou, Yutaka
AU  - Mazet, Françoise
AU  - Shimeld, Sebastian M.
AU  - Degnan, Bernard
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel
AU  - Levine, Michael
AU  - Kohara, Yuji
AU  - Satoh, Nori
T1  - A genomewide survey of developmentally relevant genes in Ciona intestinalis: III. Genes for Fox, ETS, nuclear receptors and NFκB.
JO  - Development Genes & Evolution
JF  - Development Genes & Evolution
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 213
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 244
SN  - 0949944X
AB  - A survey against the draft genome sequence and the cDNA/EST database of Ciona intestinalis identified a number of genes encoding transcription factors regulating a variety of processes including development. In the present study, we describe almost complete sets of genes for Fox, ETS-domain transcription factors, nuclear receptors, and NFκB as well as other factors regulating NFκB activity, with their phylogenetic nature. Vertebrate Fox transcription factors are currently delineated into 17 subfamilies: FoxA to FoxQ. The present survey yielded 29 genes of this family in the Ciona genome, 24 of which were Ciona orthologues of known Fox genes. In addition, we found 15 ETS genes, 17 nuclear receptor genes, and several NFκB signaling pathway genes in the Ciona genome. The number of Ciona genes in each family is much smaller than that of vertebrates, which represents a simplified feature of the ascidian genome. For example, humans have two NFκB genes, three Rel genes, and five NFAT genes, while Ciona has one gene for each family. The Ciona genome also contains smaller numbers of genes for the NFκB regulatory system, i.e. after the split of ascidians/vertebrates, vertebrates evolved a more complex NFκB system. The present results therefore provide molecular information for the investigation of complex developmental processes, and an insight into chordate evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Development Genes & Evolution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CIONA intestinalis
KW  - CHORDATA
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GENES
KW  - CELL receptors
KW  - Ciona intestinalis
KW  - ETS
KW  - Fox
KW  - NFκB
KW  - NFκB
KW  - Nuclear receptors
N1  - Accession Number: 16936198; Yagi, Kasumi 1 Satou, Yutaka 1; Email Address: yutaka@ascidian.zool.kyoto-u.ac.jp Mazet, Françoise 2 Shimeld, Sebastian M. 2 Degnan, Bernard 3 Rokhsar, Daniel 4 Levine, Michael 5 Kohara, Yuji 6 Satoh, Nori 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.  2: School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading , Reading RG6 6AJ, UK.  3: Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.  4: U.S. DoE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.  5: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Genetics and Development, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  6: National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 213 Issue 5/6, p235; Subject Term: CIONA intestinalis; Subject Term: CHORDATA; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: CELL receptors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ciona intestinalis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fox; Author-Supplied Keyword: NFκB; Author-Supplied Keyword: NFκB; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear receptors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00427-003-0322-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belharouak, I.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - <f>Li2MTi6O14</f> (M=Sr, Ba): new anodes for lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
SN  - 13882481
AB  - Isostructural <f>Li2MTi6O14</f> (M=Sr, Ba) materials, prepared by a solid state reaction method, have been investigated as insertion electrodes for lithium battery applications. These titanate compounds have a structure that consists of a three-dimensional network of corner- and edge-shared [<f>TiO6</f>] octahedra, 11-coordinate polyhedra for the alkali-earth ions, and [<f>LiO4</f>] tetrahedra in tunnels that also contain vacant tetrahedral and octahedral sites. Electrochemical data show that these compounds are capable of reversibly intercalating four lithium atoms in a three-stage process between 1.4 and 0.5 V vs. metallic lithium. The electrodes provide a practical capacity of approximately 140 mAh/g; they are, therefore, possible alternative anode materials to the lithium titanate spinel, <f>Li4Ti5O12</f>. The lithium intercalation mechanism and crystal structure of <f>Li2MTi6O14</f> (M=Sr, Ba) electrodes are discussed and compared with the electrochemical and structural properties of <f>Li4Ti5O12</f>. The area-specific impedance (ASI) of <f>Li/Li2SrTi6O14</f> cells was found to be significantly lower than that of <f>Li/Li4Ti5O12</f> cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Anode
KW  - Lithium-ion batteries
KW  - Structure
KW  - Titanate
N1  - Accession Number: 9908911; Belharouak, I.; Email Address: belharouak@cmt.anl.gov Amine, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 5 Issue 6, p435; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1388-2481(03)00090-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, James Weifu
AU  - Li, Rongfu
T1  - Integration of fossil energy systems with CO2 sequestration through NH4HCO3 production
JO  - Energy Conversion & Management
JF  - Energy Conversion & Management
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 44
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1535
SN  - 01968904
AB  - The increasing anthropogenic CO2 emission and global warming (thus climate change) have challenged the United States and other countries to find new and better ways to meet the world’s increasing needs for energy while reducing greenhouse gases emissions. Here, we present a practical and revolutionary method that can sequester greenhouse gas emissions and, at the same time, benefit both agriculture and the economy. The proposed strategy utilizes an innovative application of chemical processes to convert CO2, NO<f>x</f> and SO<f>x</f> emissions into valuable fertilizers (mainly, NH4HCO3) that can enhance sequestration of CO2 into soil and subsoil earth layers, reduce NO<f>3−</f> contamination of groundwater and stimulate photosynthetic fixation of CO2 from the atmosphere. This invention integrates pollutant removing fertilizer production reactions with coal-fired power plants and other energy operations, resulting in a clean energy system that is in harmony with the earth ecosystem. This technology could contribute importantly to global CO2 sequestration and clean air protection. When this technology is in worldwide use, because of its high efficiency and carbon credit, in addition to the benefit of clean air protection and stimulation of photosynthetic fixation of CO2 from the atmosphere, maximally 300 million tons of CO2 per year (equivalent to about 5% of the CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants in the world) from smokestacks can be placed into soil by the use of this technology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Conversion & Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Ammonium bicarbonate
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Clean energy systems
KW  - CO2 sequestration
KW  - CO2 solidification by NH4HCO3 formation
KW  - CO2, NO<f>x</f> and SO<f>x</f> removal
KW  - CO2, NO<f>x</f> and SO<f>x</f> solidification
KW  - Integration of fossil energy systems with NH4HCO3 production
KW  - Mitigation of global warming
KW  - NH4HCO3 enhanced carbonation of soil and subsoil earth layers
KW  - Reduction of industrial greenhouse gas emissions
N1  - Accession Number: 8803689; Lee, James Weifu 1; Email Address: leejw@ornl.gov; Li, Rongfu 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37381-6194, USA; 2: Production Technology Division, Former Jinhuashi Chemical Fertilizer Factory, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, China; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 44 Issue 9, p1535; Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ammonium bicarbonate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clean energy systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 solidification by NH4HCO3 formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2, NO<f>x</f> and SO<f>x</f> removal; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2, NO<f>x</f> and SO<f>x</f> solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Integration of fossil energy systems with NH4HCO3 production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mitigation of global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: NH4HCO3 enhanced carbonation of soil and subsoil earth layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction of industrial greenhouse gas emissions; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutradhar, Alok
AU  - Paulino, Glaucio H.
AU  - Gray, L.J.
T1  - Erratum to “Transient heat conduction in homogeneous and non-homogeneous materials by the Laplace transform Galerkin boundary element method” [Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 26 (2002) 119–132]
JO  - Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements
JF  - Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 27
IS  - 6
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 639
SN  - 09557997
N1  - Accession Number: 10059987; Sutradhar, Alok 1 Paulino, Glaucio H. 1; Email Address: paulino@uiuc.edu Gray, L.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Newmark Laboratory, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg 6012, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 27 Issue 6, p639; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-7997(03)00014-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Picut, Catherine A.
AU  - Aoyama, Hiroaki
AU  - Holder, James W.
AU  - Gold, Lois Swirsky
AU  - Maronpot, Robert R.
AU  - Dixon, Darlene
T1  - Bromoethane, chloroethane and ethylene oxide induced uterine neoplasms in B6C3F1 mice from 2-year NTP inhalation bioassays: pathology and incidence data revisited
JO  - Experimental & Toxicologic Pathology
JF  - Experimental & Toxicologic Pathology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
SN  - 09402993
AB  - Summary: Chloroethane, bromoethane and ethylene oxide represent a unique set of chemicals that induce endometrial neoplasms in the uterus of B6C3F1 mice following an inhalation route of exposure. The results of the NTP''s chronic bioassays with these three compounds resulted in an unusually high incidence of uterine epithelial neoplasms in B6C3F1 mice (chloroethane 86%, bromoethane 56%) and a lower incidence for ethylene oxide (10%). The uterine neoplasms were classified as adenomas, adenocarcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas for bromoethane, and as adenocarcinomas for both chloroethane and ethylene oxide. The adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas were invasive into the myometrium and the serosa, and metastasized to a wide variety of organs. Metastatic sites included most commonly the lung, lymph nodes, and ovary at unusually highrates of metastases (79% for chloroethane and 38% for bromoethane). Because of the dramatically high rates of uterine neoplasms (induced by chemicals given by the inhalation route) and metastases, a re-evaluation of the pathology and incidence data was undertaken. The earlier results were confirmed. The mechanism of uterine carcinogenesis by chloroethane, bromoethane and ethylene oxide is unclear. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental & Toxicologic Pathology is the property of Urban & Fischer Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mice
KW  - Tumors
KW  - Adenocarcinoma
KW  - Uterus
KW  - animal cancer test
KW  - bromoethane
KW  - chloroethane
KW  - epigenetic
KW  - Estrogen Receptor (ER)
KW  - ethyl bromide
KW  - ethyl chloride
KW  - Ethylene oxide
KW  - glutathione conjugation
KW  - mouse uterus
KW  - uterine cancer
N1  - Accession Number: 18290758; Picut, Catherine A. 1; Aoyama, Hiroaki 2; Holder, James W. 3; Gold, Lois Swirsky 4; Maronpot, Robert R. 5; Dixon, Darlene 5; Email Address: dixon@niehs.nih.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biotechnics, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina, USA; 2: Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Mitsukaido, Ibaraki, Japan; 3: National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA; 4: University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; 5: Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Mice; Subject Term: Tumors; Subject Term: Adenocarcinoma; Subject Term: Uterus; Author-Supplied Keyword: animal cancer test; Author-Supplied Keyword: bromoethane; Author-Supplied Keyword: chloroethane; Author-Supplied Keyword: epigenetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Estrogen Receptor (ER); Author-Supplied Keyword: ethyl bromide; Author-Supplied Keyword: ethyl chloride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylene oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: glutathione conjugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: mouse uterus; Author-Supplied Keyword: uterine cancer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1078/0940-2993-00303
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karnosky, D. F.
AU  - Zak, D. R.
AU  - Pregitzer, K. S.
AU  - Awmack, C. S.
AU  - Bockheim, J. G.
AU  - Dickson, R. E.
AU  - Hendrey, G. R.
AU  - Host, G. E.
AU  - King, J. S.
AU  - Kopper, B. J.
AU  - Kruger, E. L.
AU  - Kubiske, M. E.
AU  - Lindroth, R. L.
AU  - Mattson, W. J.
AU  - Mcdonald, E. P.
AU  - Noormets, A.
AU  - Oksanen, E.
AU  - Parsons, W. F. J.
AU  - Percy, K. E.
AU  - Podila, G. K.
T1  - Tropospheric O3 moderates responses of temperate hardwood forests to elevated CO2: a synthesis of molecular to ecosystem results from the Aspen FACE project.
JO  - Functional Ecology
JF  - Functional Ecology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 304
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02698463
AB  - Summary 1. The impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 and/or O3 have been examined over 4 years using an open-air exposure system in an aggrading northern temperate forest containing two different functional groups (the indeterminate, pioneer, O3 -sensitive species Trembling Aspen, Populus tremuloides and Paper Birch, Betula papyrifera , and the determinate, late successional, O3 -tolerant species Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum ). 2. The responses to these interacting greenhouse gases have been remarkably consistent in pure Aspen stands and in mixed Aspen/Birch and Aspen/Maple stands, from leaf to ecosystem level, for O3 -tolerant as well as O3 -sensitive genotypes and across various trophic levels. These two gases act in opposing ways, and even at low concentrations (1·5 × ambient, with ambient averaging 34–36 nL L-1 during the summer daylight hours), O3 offsets or moderates the responses induced by elevated CO2 . 3. After 3 years of exposure to 560 µmol mol-1 CO2 , the above-ground volume of Aspen stands was 40% above those grown at ambient CO2 , and there was no indication of a diminishing growth trend. In contrast, O3 at 1·5 × ambient completely offset the growth enhancement by CO2 , both for O3 -sensitive and O3 -tolerant clones. Implications of this finding for carbon sequestration, plantations to reduce excess CO2 , and global models of forest productivity and climate change are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Functional Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Hardwoods
KW  - Aggrading aspen forest
KW  - Carbon budgets
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - Interacting pollutants
N1  - Accession Number: 9987727; Karnosky, D. F. 1; Zak, D. R. 2; Pregitzer, K. S. 1,3; Awmack, C. S. 4; Bockheim, J. G. 5; Dickson, R. E. 3; Hendrey, G. R. 6; Host, G. E. 7; King, J. S. 1; Kopper, B. J. 4; Kruger, E. L. 4; Kubiske, M. E. 3; Lindroth, R. L. 4; Mattson, W. J. 3; Mcdonald, E. P. 3; Noormets, A. 8; Oksanen, E. 9; Parsons, W. F. J. 4; Percy, K. E. 10; Podila, G. K. 11; Affiliations: 1: School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA;; 2: University of Michigan, 430 E. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;; 3: USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, Wisconsin 54501, USA;; 4: University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA;; 5: University of Wisconsin, 1525 Observatory Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA;; 6: Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1 South Technology Street, Upton, New York 11973, USA;; 7: University of Minnesota-Duluth, Natural Resources Research Institute, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55811, USA;; 8: University of Toledo, Department EEES, LEES Laboratory, Mail Stop 604, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA;; 9: University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;; 10: Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, PO Box 4000, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5P7;; 11: Biological Sciences Department, University of Alabama-Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Drive, WH14Z, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA;; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p289; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: Hardwoods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aggrading aspen forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon budgets; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interacting pollutants; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321211 Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2003.00733.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritto, Roland
AU  - Daley, Thomas M.
AU  - Majer, Ernest L.
T1  - Estimating subsurface topography from surface-to-borehole seismic studies at the Rye Patch geothermal reservoir, Nevada, USA
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
SN  - 03756505
AB  - A 3-D surface seismic reflection survey, covering an area of over 7.7 km2, was conducted at the Rye Patch geothermal reservoir (Nevada, USA) to explore the structural features that may control geothermal production in the area. In addition to the surface sources and receivers, a high-temperature three-component seismometer was deployed in a borehole at a depth of 1250 m within the basement below the reservoir, which recorded the waves generated by all surface sources. The objective of this study was to determine the subsurface structure of the reservoir based on this surface-to-borehole dataset. A total of 1959 first-arrival travel times were determined out of 2134 possible traces. Two-dimensional ray tracing was performed to simulate wave propagation from the surface sources to the receiver at depth. The ray tracing was based on a 2-D laterally homogeneous velocity model derived from results of a vertical-seismic-profile (VSP) experiment recorded in the same well. The method is an approximation where it is assumed that differences in travel time between the observed and modeled data are caused by structural deviations from a homogeneously layered model as estimated by the VSP profile, and thus are mapped into topographic changes at depth. The results indicate, to first order, the presence of two dominant geologic features. The first observation is consistent with the regional trend of the geologic units in the Basin and Range province with a north-south strike and dip to the west, as expected for this area west of the Humboldt Thrust Range. The second is a local feature in the form of an east–west ridge. The geometry of the structure is corroborated by results from a seismic-reflection survey, and by results of a gravity survey conducted in the area above the reservoir. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Geophysics
KW  - Nevada, USA
KW  - Seismics
KW  - Surface-to-borehole survey
N1  - Accession Number: 9791126; Gritto, Roland; Email Address: rgritto@lbl.gov Daley, Thomas M. 1 Majer, Ernest L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Seismology, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p275; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Subject Term: NEVADA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geophysics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nevada, USA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seismics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface-to-borehole survey; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-6505(03)00022-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pollycove, Myron
AU  - Feinendegen, Ludwig E
T1  - Radiation-induced versus endogenous DNA damage: possible effect of inducible protective responses in mitigating endogenous damage.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 290
EP  - 306
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - Ionizing radiation (IR) causes damage to DNA that is apparently proportional to absorbed dose. The incidence of radiation-induced cancer in humans unequivocally rises with the value of absorbed doses above about 300 mGy, in a seemingly linear fashion. Extrapolation of this linear correlation down to zero-dose constitutes the linear-no-threshold (LNT) hypothesis of radiation-induced cancer incidence. The corresponding dose-risk correlation, however, is questionable at doses lower than 300 mGy. Non-radiation induced DNA damage and, in consequence, oncogenic transformation in non-irradiated cells arises from a variety of sources, mainly from weak endogenous carcinogens such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as from micronutrient deficiencies and environmental toxins. In order to relate the low probability of radiation-induced cancer to the relatively high incidence of non-radiation carcinogenesis, especially at low-dose irradiation, the quantitative and qualitative differences between the DNA damages from non-radiation and radiation sources need to be addressed and put into context of physiological mechanisms of cellular protection. This paper summarizes a co-operative approach by the authors to answer the questions on the quantitative and qualitative DNA damages from non-radiation sources, largely endogenous ROS, and following exposure to low doses of IR. The analysis relies on published data and justified assumptions and considers the physiological capacity of mammalian cells to protect themselves constantly by preventing and repairing DNA damage. Furthermore, damaged cells are susceptible to removal by apoptosis or the immune system. The results suggest that the various forms of non-radiation DNA damage in tissues far outweigh corresponding DNA damage from low-dose radiation exposure at the level of, and well above, background radiation. These data are examined within the context of low-dose radiation induction of cellular signaling that may stimulate cellular protection systems over hours to weeks against accumulation of DNA damage. The particular focus is the hypothesis that these enhanced and persisting protective responses reduce the steady state level of non-radiation DNA damage, thereby reducing deleterious outcomes such as cancer and aging. The emerging model urgently needs rigorous experimental testing, since it suggests, importantly, that the LNT hypothesis is invalid for complex adaptive systems such as mammalian organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Experimental Toxicology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Radiobiology
KW  - Dose-response relationship (Radiation)
N1  - Accession Number: 10130540; Pollycove, Myron 1; Feinendegen, Ludwig E 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; 2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p290; Thesaurus Term: DNA damage; Thesaurus Term: Mutation (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Thesaurus Term: Radiobiology; Subject Term: Dose-response relationship (Radiation); Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1191/0960327103ht365oa
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
T1  - Radiation-induced versus endogenous DNA damage: commentary on Pollycove and Feinendegen.
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 307
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - Comments on the article related to comparison of the quantitative data regarding DNA damage due to endogenous sources versus those following low dose ionizing radiation.  Contribution of radiation in DNA damage; Important deterrents for the development of cancer.
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Radiobiology
KW  - Cancer
N1  - Accession Number: 10130539; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p307; Thesaurus Term: DNA damage; Thesaurus Term: Mutation (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Radiobiology; Subject Term: Cancer; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1191/0960327103ht366oa
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pollycove, M
AU  - Feinendegen, LE
T1  - Commentary and response to reviewer critiques regarding 'radiation-induced versus endogenous DNA damage: possible effects of inducible protective responses in mitigating endogenous damage'
JO  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
JF  - Human & Experimental Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 323
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 09603271
AB  - Comments and response to an article related to radiation-induced versus endogenous DNA damage and possible effects of inducible protective responses in mitigating endogenous damage.  Effect of low-dose of low-linear energy transfer radiation on the damage control system; Analysis of various types of DNA damage by low-dose irradiation; Quantitative aspect of DNA damage.
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Mutation (Biology)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - DNA
KW  - Deoxyribose
N1  - Accession Number: 10130534; Pollycove, M 1; Feinendegen, LE 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; 2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p321; Thesaurus Term: DNA damage; Thesaurus Term: Mutation (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: Deoxyribose; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1191/0960327103ht370oa
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moursund, Russell A.
AU  - Carlson, Thomas J.
AU  - Peters, Rock D.
T1  - A fisheries application of a dual-frequency identification sonar acoustic camera
JO  - ICES Journal of Marine Science / Journal du Conseil
JF  - ICES Journal of Marine Science / Journal du Conseil
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 678
SN  - 10543139
AB  - The uses of an acoustic camera in fish-passage research at hydropower facilities are being explored by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The “Dual-Frequency Identification Sonar” (DIDSON) is a high-definition imaging sonar that obtains near-video quality images for the identification of objects underwater. Developed originally for the U.S. Navy by the University of Washington''s Applied Physics Laboratory, it bridges the gap between existing fisheries-assessment sonar and optical systems. The images within 12 m of this acoustic camera are sufficiently clear such that fish can be observed undulating as they swim and their orientation ascertained in otherwise zero-visibility water. In the 1.8 MHz high-frequency mode, this system 96 beams over a 29° field-of-view. The high resolution and fast frame rate provide target visualization in real time. The DIDSON can be used where conventional underwater cameras would be limited by low light levels and high turbidity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICES Journal of Marine Science / Journal du Conseil is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydroelectric power plants
KW  - Sonar in fishing
KW  - Underwater imaging systems
KW  - Fish stock assessment
KW  - acoustic camera
KW  - DIDSON
KW  - hydropower limits
KW  - multibeam sonar
N1  - Accession Number: 10007225; Moursund, Russell A. 1; Email Address: russell.moursund@pnl.gov; Carlson, Thomas J. 2; Email Address: thomas.carlson@pnl.gov; Peters, Rock D. 3; Email Address: rock.d.peters@nwp01.usace.army.mil; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN: K6-85, Richland, Washington, DC 99352, USA; 2: Battelle Portland Office, 620 SW Fifth Avenue WA, Suite 810, Portland, OR 97204, USA<!--a2: tel: +1 503 417 2175; fax: +1 503 417 2175-->; 3: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District, PO Box 2946, Portland, OR 97208, USA<!--a3: tel: +1 503 808 4777; fax: +1 503 808 4756--><!--Moursund, R. A., Carlson, T. J., and Peters, R. D. 2003. A fisheries application of a dual-frequency identification sonar camera. – ICES Journal of Marine Sciences, 60: 000–000.-->; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 60 Issue 3, p678; Thesaurus Term: Hydroelectric power plants; Subject Term: Sonar in fishing; Subject Term: Underwater imaging systems; Subject Term: Fish stock assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: acoustic camera; Author-Supplied Keyword: DIDSON; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydropower limits; Author-Supplied Keyword: multibeam sonar; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1054-3139(03)00036-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mora, L.
AU  - Gadgil, A. J.
AU  - Wurtz, E.
T1  - Comparing zonal and CFD model predictions of isothermal indoor airflows to experimental data.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 85
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - Abstract It is inappropriate to use the assumption of instantaneously well-mixed zones to model airflows and pollutant transport in large indoor spaces. We investigate two approaches for describing the details of airflows in large indoor spaces, for accuracy and suitability for integration with multi-zone infiltration models. One approach, called the zonal method, was developed over the last 15 years to provide an improvement over the well-mixed assumption. The second approach is the use of a computational fluid dynamics simulation using a coarse grid model of the large indoor space. We compare velocity predictions from different formulations of zonal methods and coarse-grid k -ℇ computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, to measurements, in a 2D mechanically ventilated isothermal room. Our results suggest that, when airflow details are required, coarse-grid CFD is a better-suited method to predict airflows in large indoor spaces coupled with complex multi-zone buildings, than are the zonal methods. Based on the comparison of pressure predictions from different models, we offer guidance regarding the coupling of a model of detailed airflow in large spaces to algebraic multi-zone infiltration models. Practical Implications In several applications it is desirable to model airflows and pollutant flows in complex buildings that contain large indoor spaces such as atriums or large conference halls. For developing such an integrated model, one needs to couple one of the common methods for modeling air and pollutant flows in large complex buildings (e.g., COMIS or CONTAM) with an appropriate model of the large indoor space. This work shows that airflow (and therefore air borne pollutant-flow) predictions in large spaces are substantially more accurate when obtained from a coarse-grid CFD model than from various versions of zonal models. The demand for computer resources remains modest with coarse-grid CFD. This work also discusses the practical problems related to developing such model integration by coupling pressures and airflows between a model of the large indoor space and the building airflow network model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR flow
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Airflow
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics
KW  - Indoor air
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Zonal
N1  - Accession Number: 10018337; Mora, L. 1,2 Gadgil, A. J. 1 Wurtz, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA, USA,  2: L.E.P.T.A.B., University of La Rochelle, av. Michel CREPEAUX, La Rochelle, France; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p77; Subject Term: AIR flow; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Airflow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor air; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zonal; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1034/j.1600-0668.2003.00160.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elam, Carolyn C.
AU  - Padró, Catherine E. Gregoire
AU  - Sandrock, Gary
AU  - Luzzi, Andreas
AU  - Lindblad, Peter
AU  - Hagen, Elisabet Fjermestad
T1  - Realizing the hydrogen future: the International Energy Agency's efforts to advance hydrogen energy technologies
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 28
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Hydrogen systems can provide viable, sustainable options for meeting the world''s energy requirements. Hydrogen is relevant to all of the energy sectors—transportation, buildings, utilities and industry. It can provide storage options for baseload (geothermal), seasonal (hydroelectric) and intermittent (PV and wind) renewable resources, and when combined with emerging decarbonization technologies, can reduce the climate impacts of continued fossil fuel utilization. However, hydrogen energy systems still face a number of technical and economical barriers that must first be overcome for hydrogen to become a competitive energy carrier. Advances must be made in hydrogen production, storage, transport and utilization technologies and in the integration of these components into complete energy systems. To expedite the advancement of hydrogen technologies and realize a hydrogen future, nations have come together under the auspices of the International Energy Agency''s (IEA) Hydrogen Program to collaborate and address the important barriers that impede hydrogen''s worldwide acceptance. Through well-structured, collaborative projects, experts from around the world address many of the technical challenges and long-term research needs that face the hydrogen community. These collaborations have already led to significant advances in renewable hydrogen production and solid storage materials and to the development of tools to evaluate and optimize integrated hydrogen energy systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - Hydrogen economy
KW  - Hydrogen energy
KW  - Hydrogen storage
KW  - IEA
KW  - INTERNATIONAL Energy Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 9143188; Elam, Carolyn C. 1; Email Address: carolyn_elam@nrel.gov Padró, Catherine E. Gregoire 1 Sandrock, Gary 2 Luzzi, Andreas 3 Lindblad, Peter 4 Hagen, Elisabet Fjermestad 5; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd Golden, CO, USA  2: SunaTech, Inc., Ringwood, NJ, USA  3: Australian National University, Canberra, Australia  4: Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden  5: Norsk Hydro ASA, Oslo, Norway; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 28 Issue 6, p601; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen economy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: IEA; Company/Entity: INTERNATIONAL Energy Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00147-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maris, Pieter
AU  - Roberts, Craig D.
T1  - Dyson–Schwinger Equations: A Tool for Hadron Physics.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 365
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02183013
AB  - Dyson-Schwinger equations furnish a Poincaré covariant framework within which to study hadrons. A particular feature is the existence of a nonperturbative, symmetry preserving truncation that enables the proof of exact results. The gap equation reveals that dynamical chiral symmetry breaking is tied to the long-range behavior of the strong interaction, which is thereby constrained by observables, and the pion is precisely understood, and seen to exist simultaneously as a Goldstone mode and a bound state of strongly dressed quarks. The systematic error associated with the simplest truncation has been quantied, and it underpins a one-parameter model efficacious in describing an extensive body of mesonic phenomena. Incipient applications to baryons have brought successes and encountered challenges familiar from early studies of mesons, and promise a covariant field theory upon which to base an understanding of contemporary large momentum transfer data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Bethe–Salpeter equation
KW  - confinement
KW  - dynamical Chiral symmetry breaking
KW  - Dyson–Schwinger equations
KW  - electroweak and strong form factors
KW  - Faddeev equation
KW  - hadron physics
KW  - QCD modelling
N1  - Accession Number: 10371771; Maris, Pieter 1 Roberts, Craig D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p297; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bethe–Salpeter equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: confinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamical Chiral symmetry breaking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dyson–Schwinger equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: electroweak and strong form factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Faddeev equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: hadron physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCD modelling; Number of Pages: 69p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jean-Luc Fattebert
AU  - François Gygi
T1  - First-principles molecular dynamics simulations in a continuum solvent  (This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. ).
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 93
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 147
SN  - 00207608
AB  - A new continuum solvation model for density functional theory first-principles simulations is presented in the context of plane wave Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics. The Poisson problem—with dielectric function representing the solvent effects—is solved by a compact finite difference method on a regular grid. The smoothness of the solute–solvent transition, and the density-based solute cavity, provide good numerical properties to the model and allow for total energy calculations, reaction barriers calculations, and energy-conserving molecular dynamics. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 20437255; Jean-Luc Fattebert 1 François Gygi 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-561, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 93 Issue 2, p139; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aubert, James H.
T1  - THERMALLY REMOVABLE EPOXY ADHESIVES INCORPORATING THERMALLY REVERSIBLE DIELS-ALDER ADDUCTS.
JO  - Journal of Adhesion
JF  - Journal of Adhesion
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 79
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 609
EP  - 616
SN  - 00218464
AB  - Thermally reversible adhesives are prepared through the reaction of aliphatic diamines and a diepoxy compound containing two Diels-Alder adducts. The diepoxy compound is formed via the Diels-Alder reaction between two epoxy-containing furans and a bismaleimide. The adhesive displays a T g of -40°C and a constant shear modulus up to approximately 90°C. At temperatures exceeding 90°C the retro Diels-Alder reaction occurs, which leads to a significant loss in modulus. The loss of modulus is reversible with temperature. A thermally reversible adhesive is proposed based upon the loss of modulus at an elevated temperature, i.e., adhesives bonds are easily broken at elevated temperature where the modulus is low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Adhesion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADHESIVES
KW  - DIELS-Alder reaction
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - Diamine
KW  - Diels-Alder
KW  - Epoxy
KW  - Thermally removable
KW  - Thermally reversible
N1  - Accession Number: 10726933; Aubert, James H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Organic Materials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 79 Issue 6, p609; Subject Term: ADHESIVES; Subject Term: DIELS-Alder reaction; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diels-Alder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermally removable; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermally reversible; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325520 Adhesive Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buzorius, G.
AU  - Rannik, Ü.
AU  - Nilsson, E.D.
AU  - Vesala, T.
AU  - Kulmala, M.
T1  - Analysis of measurement techniques to determine dry deposition velocities of aerosol particles with diameters less than 100 nm
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 747
SN  - 00218502
AB  - Modeled aerosol dry deposition velocities to natural surfaces have not been verified against experimental data because data is not available. However due to recent instrumentation developments measuring vertical number fluxes of aerosols with sizes down to <f>10 nm</f> became possible. Additional instrument modifications which are discussed here allows measuring size dependent fluxes of 10–<f>100 nm</f> aerosols and would fulfill the data gap. This study analyzes uncertainties in such measurements. Low particle count is identified as a major contributor to the measurement uncertainty, limiting the accurate estimation of size-resolved dry deposition velocities in remote environment to particles with diameters less than 50 nm using current instrumentation. Even in this size range high concentrations are required. In the case of two particle counters with different detection limits dry deposition velocity estimates can be also systematically biased, depending on the aerosol size distribution. A difference in detection limits of counters about <f>10 nm</f> is narrow enough to avoid bias in size-dependent dry deposition velocities in most circumstances. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9710962; Buzorius, G. 1,2; Email Address: gintas@misu.su.se Rannik, Ü. 3 Nilsson, E.D. 2 Vesala, T. 3 Kulmala, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden  3: Department of Physical Sciences, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p747; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-8502(03)00025-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esther Shohami
T1  - The Ras Inhibitor S-trans, trans-Farnesylthiosalicylic Acid Exerts Long-Lasting Neuroprotection in a Mouse Closed Head Injury Model.
JO  - Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
JF  - Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 23
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 728
EP  - 738
SN  - 0271678X
AB  - Traumatic brain injury activates N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) inducing activation of the Ras protein (a key regulator of cell growth, survival, and death) and its effectors. Thus, trauma-induced increase in active Ras-GTP might contribute to traumatic brain injury pathology. Based on this hypothesis, a new concept of neuroprotection is proposed, examined here by investigating the effect of the Ras inhibitor S-trans, trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) in a mouse model of closed head injury (CHI). Mice subjected to CHI were treated systemically 1 h later with FTS (5 mg/kg) or vehicle. After 1 h, Ras-GTP in the contused hemisphere showed a significant (3.8-fold) increase, which was strongly inhibited by FTS (82% inhibition) or by the NMDA-receptor antagonist MK-801 (53%). Both drugs also decreased active (phosphorylated) extracellular signal-regulated kinase. FTS prevented the CHI-induced reduction in NMDAR binding in cortical, striatal, and hippocampal regions, measured by [3H]-MK-801 autoradiography, and decreased lesion size by 50%. It also reduced CHI-induced neurologic deficits, indicated by the highly significant (P < 0.0001) 60% increase in extent of recovery. Thus, FTS provided long-term neuroprotection after CHI, rescuing NMDAR binding in the contused hemisphere and profoundly reducing neurologic deficits. These findings suggest that nontoxic Ras inhibitors such as FTS may qualify as neuroprotective drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAIN -- Wounds & injuries
KW  - RAS proteins
KW  - GROWTH factors
KW  - NEUROLOGY
KW  - AUTORADIOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11997213; Esther Shohami 1; Affiliation:  1: *Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, †Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hadassah Medical Center, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem; ‡Department of Neurobiochemistry, Tel-Aviv University; §Department of Neurosurgery, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel, and ||Department of Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 23 Issue 6, p728; Subject Term: BRAIN -- Wounds & injuries; Subject Term: RAS proteins; Subject Term: GROWTH factors; Subject Term: NEUROLOGY; Subject Term: AUTORADIOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rard, Joseph A.
AU  - Clegg, Simon L.
AU  - Platford, Robert F.
T1  - Thermodynamics of <f>{zNaCl+(1−z)Na2SO4}(aq)</f> from <f>T=278.15</f> K to <f>T=318.15</f> K, and representation with an extended ion-interaction (Pitzer) model
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 967
SN  - 00219614
AB  - In 1968, R.F. Platford reported the results from extensive isopiestic vapor-pressure measurements for the <f>{zNaCl+(1−z)Na2SO4}(aq)</f> system at <f>T=298.15</f> K, using NaCl(aq) as the isopiestic reference standard [R.F. Platford, J. Chem. Eng. Data 13 (1968) 46–48]. However, only derived quantities were reported, and the experimental isopiestic equilibrium molalities were not given. The complete set of original isopiestic molalities from that study is tabulated in the present report. In addition, published thermodynamic information for this system is reviewed and the isopiestic equilibrium molalities, electromotive force measurements for five different types of electrochemical cells, and enthalpies of mixing from these other studies are critically assessed and recalculated consistently. These combined results are used to evaluate at <f>T=298.15</f> K the two mixing parameters of Pitzer’s ion-interaction model, <f>Sθ(Cl,SO4)=(1.236±0.0325)·10−2 kg·mol−1</f> and <f>ψ(Na,Cl,SO4)=(1.808±0.086)·10−3 kg2·mol−2</f>, and their temperature derivatives <f>{∂Sθ(Cl,SO4)/∂T}p=(2.474±0.460)·10−5 kg·mol−1·K−1</f> and <f>{∂ψ(Na,Cl,SO4)/∂T}p=−(6.228±0.186)·10−5 kg2·mol−2·K−1</f>. Also reported are parameters for an extended ion-interaction model for <f>Na2SO4(aq)</f>, valid from T=(273.15 to 323.15) K, that were required for this mixed electrolyte solution analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SODIUM compounds
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Isopiestic measurements
KW  - Osmotic coefficient
KW  - Pitzer’s model
KW  - Sodium chloride
KW  - Sodium sulphate
N1  - Accession Number: 9809872; Rard, Joseph A. 1; Email Address: rard1@llnl.gov Clegg, Simon L. 2 Platford, Robert F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Geosciences and Environmental Technologies, Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK  3: 2215 Centre Road, RR2, Campbellville, ON, Canada L0P 1B0; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 35 Issue 6, p967; Subject Term: SODIUM compounds; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isopiestic measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Osmotic coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pitzer’s model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium chloride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium sulphate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 42p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9614(03)00043-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark ll, W.W.
AU  - Paolucci, E.
AU  - Cooper, J.
T1  - Commercial development of energy—environmentally sound technologies for the auto-industry: the case of fuel cells
JO  - Journal of Cleaner Production
JF  - Journal of Cleaner Production
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 09596526
AB  - The economic importance of energy and environmental issues is continuously increasing, affecting both process and product design in business. The energy crisis in California in 2001 made this basic issue universal. New technologies are expected to reduce pollution derived both from production processes and products, with costs that are still unknown and in competition with more mature technologies high. Nevertheless, until now there is still little, but growing knowledge concerning the process of technological innovation in the fields of energy and environment.In this paper we analyze the development of zinc air fuel cell (ZAFC) and its transfer from a research laboratory to potential mass production. ZAFC are a new ‘environmentally sound technology’, proven to have commercial value, that can be used for substituting internal combustion engines (ICEs) and meeting zero emission vehicles (ZEV) regulations. Although ZAFC performances are higher than traditional electric batteries ones, commercial costs are still high. Hence the pathway to mass production may come from stationary application of fuel cells for power.In contrast to the conventional ‘paradigmatic’ approach, we argue that the existing economic and organizational literature concerning technological innovation is not able to fully explain steps followed in commercializing energy—environmentally sound technologies. Existing models mainly consider adopting problems, which are due to market uncertainty, weak application, lack of a dominant design, and problems in reconfiguring existing organizational routines. Above all ‘market power’ exists in terms of control over technological innovation and its commercial application. Barriers are erected that prevent new technologies such as fuel cells from becoming adapted. Through pro-active government intervention, such as the case in California, new advanced technologies can move rapidly into the marketplace.From this discussion we draw some conclusions and issues for further research concerning policy making for sustaining the process of technological transfer and firms’ strategies in technological innovation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cleaner Production is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - COMMERCIALIZATION
KW  - Commercialization
KW  - Energy and environment finance
KW  - Fuel cell
N1  - Accession Number: 8997107; Clark ll, W.W. 1; Email Address: wclark13@aol.com Paolucci, E. 2; Email Address: paolucci@mail.ecopro.polimi.it Cooper, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: State of California, Governor’s Office of Research and Planning, 95814 Sacramento, CA, USA  2: Politecnico di Torino-Production and Economics Department, Politecnico di Torino University, Torino, Italy  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p427; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: COMMERCIALIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Commercialization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy and environment finance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00064-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyness, J.N.
T1  - Notes on lattice rules
JO  - Journal of Complexity
JF  - Journal of Complexity
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
SN  - 0885064X
AB  - An elementary introduction to lattices, integration lattices and lattice rules is followed by a description of the role of the dual lattice in assessing the trigonometric degree of a lattice rule. The connection with the classical lattice-packing problem is established: any <f>s</f>-dimensional cubature rule can be associated with an index <f>ρ=δs/s!N,</f> where <f>δ</f> is the enhanced degree of the rule and <f>N</f> its abscissa count. For lattice rules, this is the packing factor of the associated dual lattice with respect to the unit <f>s</f>-dimensional octahedron.An individual cubature rule may be represented as a point on a plot of <f>ρ</f> against <f>δ</f>. Two of these plots are presented. They convey a clear idea of the relative cost-effectiveness of various individual rules and sequences of rules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Complexity is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - CUBATURE formulas
N1  - Accession Number: 10234761; Lyness, J.N. 1,2; Email Address: lyness@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: School of Mathematics, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p321; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: CUBATURE formulas; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0885-064X(03)00005-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, G.R.
AU  - Gupta, K.
AU  - Putz, D.K.
AU  - Hu, Q.
AU  - Brusseau, M.L.
T1  - The effect of local-scale physical heterogeneity and nonlinear, rate-limited sorption/desorption on contaminant transport in porous media
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Nonideal transport of contaminants in porous media has often been observed in laboratory characterization studies. It has long been recognized that multiple processes associated with both physical and chemical factors can contribute to this nonideal transport behavior. To fully understand system behavior, it is important to determine the relative contributions of these multiple factors when conducting contaminant transport and fate studies. In this study, the relative contribution of physical-heterogeneity-related processes versus those of nonlinear, rate-limited sorption/desorption to the observed nonideal transport of trichloroethene in an undisturbed aquifer core was determined through a series of miscible-displacement experiments. The results of experiments conducted using the undisturbed core, collected from a Superfund site in Tucson, AZ, were compared to those obtained from experiments conducted using the same aquifer material packed homogeneously. The results indicate that both physical and chemical factors, specifically preferential flow and associated rate-limited diffusive mass-transfer and rate-limited sorption/desorption, respectively, contributed to the nonideal behavior observed for trichloroethene transport in the undisturbed core. A successful prediction of trichloroethene transport in the undisturbed core was made employing a mathematical model incorporating multiple sources of nonideal transport, using independently determined model parameters to account for the multiple factors contributing to the nonideal transport behavior. The simulation results indicate that local-scale physical heterogeneity controlled the nonideal transport behavior of trichloroethene in the undisturbed core, and that nonlinear, rate-limited sorption/desorption were of secondary importance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Contaminant transport
KW  - Porous media
KW  - Sorption/desorption
N1  - Accession Number: 9711773; Johnson, G.R. 1; Gupta, K. 2; Putz, D.K. 1; Hu, Q. 3; Brusseau, M.L. 1,4; Email Address: brusseau@ag.arizona.edu; Affiliations: 1: Soil, Water, and Environmental Science Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; 2: Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; 3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 4: Hydrology and Water Resources Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 64 Issue 1/2, p35; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contaminant transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption/desorption; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00103-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oostrom, M.
AU  - Hofstee, C.
AU  - Lenhard, R.J.
AU  - Wietsma, T.W.
T1  - Flow behavior and residual saturation formation of liquid carbon tetrachloride in unsaturated heterogeneous porous media
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The formation of residual, discontinuous nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the vadose zone is a process that is not well understood. To obtain data that can be used to study the development of a residual NAPL saturation in the vadose zone and to test current corresponding models, detailed transient experiments were conducted in intermediate-scale columns and flow cell. The column experiments were conducted to determine residual carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) saturations of two sands and to evaluate the effect of CCl4 vapors on the water distribution. In the intermediate-scale flow cell experiment, a rectangular zone of the fine-grained sand was packed in an otherwise medium-grained matrix. A limited amount of CCl4 was injected from a small source and allowed to redistribute until a pseudo steady state situation had developed. A dual-energy gamma radiation system was used to determine fluid saturations at numerous locations. The experiments clearly demonstrated the formation of residual CCl4 saturations in both sands. Simulations with an established multifluid flow simulator show the shortcomings of current relative permeability–saturation–capillary pressure (k–S–P) models. The results indicate that nonspreading behavior of NAPLs should be implemented in simulators to account for the formation of residual saturations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon tetrachloride
KW  - Dense nonaqueous phase liquids
KW  - DNAPL
KW  - Intermediate-scale experiment
KW  - Leverett concept
KW  - Spreading coefficient
N1  - Accession Number: 9711776; Oostrom, M. 1; Email Address: mart.oostrom@pnl.gov; Hofstee, C. 2; Lenhard, R.J. 3; Wietsma, T.W. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33 Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2: Netherlands Institute of Applied Geoscience, TNO-NITG, P.O. Box 80015, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands; 3: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2025, USA; 4: Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 64 Issue 1/2, p93; Thesaurus Term: Carbon tetrachloride; Thesaurus Term: Dense nonaqueous phase liquids; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNAPL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermediate-scale experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leverett concept; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spreading coefficient; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00107-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
AU  - Sonnenthal, Eric
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur
T1  - A reaction-transport model for calcite precipitation and evaluation of infiltration fluxes in unsaturated fractured rock
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The percolation flux in the unsaturated zone (UZ) is an important parameter addressed in site characterization and flow and transport modeling of the potential nuclear-waste repository at Yucca Mountain, NV, USA. The US Geological Survey (USGS) has documented hydrogenic calcite abundances in fractures and lithophysal cavities at Yucca Mountain to provide constraints on percolation fluxes in the UZ. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between percolation flux and measured calcite abundances using reactive transport modeling. Our model considers the following essential factors affecting calcite precipitation: (1) infiltration, (2) the ambient geothermal gradient, (3) gaseous CO2 diffusive transport and partitioning in liquid and gas phases, (4) fracture–matrix interaction for water flow and chemical constituents, and (5) water–rock interaction. Over a bounding range of 2–20 mm/year infiltration rate, the simulated calcite distributions capture the trend in calcite abundances measured in a deep borehole (WT-24) by the USGS. The calcite is found predominantly in fractures in the welded tuffs, which is also captured by the model simulations. Simulations showed that from about 2 to 6 mm/year, the amount of calcite precipitated in the welded Topopah Spring tuff is sensitive to the infiltration rate. This dependence decreases at higher infiltration rates owing to a modification of the geothermal gradient from the increased percolation flux. The model also confirms the conceptual model for higher percolation fluxes in the fractures compared to the matrix in the welded units, and the significant contribution of Ca from water–rock interaction. This study indicates that reactive transport modeling of calcite deposition can yield important constraints on the unsaturated zone infiltration-percolation flux and provide useful insight into processes such as fracture–matrix interaction as well as conditions and parameters controlling calcite deposition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Calcite
KW  - Geological surveys
KW  - Infiltration rate
KW  - Percolation flux
KW  - Reactive transport modeling
KW  - Water–rock interaction
N1  - Accession Number: 9711777; Xu, Tianfu; Email Address: tianfu_xu@lbl.gov; Sonnenthal, Eric 1; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 64 Issue 1/2, p113; Subject Term: Calcite; Subject Term: Geological surveys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infiltration rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Percolation flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water–rock interaction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541360 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00089-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, T.H.
AU  - Ciszek, T.F.
AU  - Page, M.R.
T1  - Crystallographic control in thin-layer silicon depositions by atmospheric-pressure iodine vapor transport
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 253
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Silicon thin layers that are either highly textured polycrystalline, randomly oriented polycrystalline, or epitaxial have been deposited by the technique of atmospheric-pressure iodine vapor transport on silicon or non-silicon substrates. Strongly [1 1 0]-textured polycrystalline silicon films are obtained by starting with a relatively low starting substrate temperature of 700°C, to increase nucleation density, then ramping up to 900°C at the end to increase growth rate. Alternatively, if a higher constant temperature of 900°C is used, we obtain polycrystalline silicon layers with randomly oriented large grains of ∼20 μm in average size. When a still higher initial substrate temperature of 1000°C is used to eliminate condensation of silicon iodides at the interface, high-quality epitaxial silicon layers are grown on silicon substrates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - A1. Interfaces
KW  - A3. Atmospheric-pressure iodine vapor transport
KW  - A3. Polycrystalline deposition
KW  - B2. Semiconducting silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 9721417; Wang, T.H.; Email Address: tihu_wang@nrel.gov Ciszek, T.F. 1 Page, M.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Center for Photovoltaics, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 253 Issue 1-4, p183; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Atmospheric-pressure iodine vapor transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Polycrystalline deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(03)01104-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaffers, K.I.
AU  - Tassano, J.B.
AU  - Bayramian, A.B.
AU  - Morris, R.C.
T1  - Growth of Yb: S-FAP [Yb3+:Sr5(PO4)3F] crystals for the Mercury laser
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 253
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Crystals of Yb:S-FAP [Yb3+:Sr5(PO4)3F] will be used as the gain medium for the Mercury Laser, a gas-cooled amplifier system intended to yield 100 J, 10 Hz and 10% efficiency in 3 ns when completed, for inertial fusion energy. Growing high optical quality crystals is a challenge due to a number of growth issues, including: cloudiness, bubble core defects, anomalous absorption, low-angle grain boundaries, cracking, and crystal inclusions. At this time, a growth process has been developed to simultaneously eliminate or diminish each of the defects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YTTERBIUM
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - POINT defects
KW  - A1. Defects
KW  - A1. Phase equilibria
KW  - A2. Czochralski method
KW  - B1. Oxides
KW  - B3. Solid state lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 9721436; Schaffers, K.I.; Email Address: schaffers1@llnl.gov Tassano, J.B. 1 Bayramian, A.B. 1 Morris, R.C.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, L-482, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 253 Issue 1-4, p297; Subject Term: YTTERBIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: POINT defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Phase equilibria; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Czochralski method; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: B3. Solid state lasers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(03)01032-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HOCKING, ELIZABETH K.
AU  - MARTINO, LOU
T1  - EFFICACY OF CERCLA REMEDIES IN LIGHT OF FIVE-YEAR REVIEWS.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Systems
JF  - Journal of Environmental Systems
Y1  - 2003/06//2002-2003
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 298
PB  - Sage Publications Inc.
SN  - 00472433
AB  - Reviews of several remedies selected and implemented under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), as amended, revealed deficiencies in remedy protectiveness although the remedy had only been in place for five years. Many of these deficiencies should have been foreseeable, and therefore preventable, at the time the remedy was selected. Analysis of successes and deficiencies noted in the CERCLA five-year reviews highlights the pivotal role that monitoring plans and land use controls have in ensuring remedy protectiveness. The analysis demonstrated that remedy protectiveness assessments and remedy modification justifications depend on robust site and remedy monitoring plans as well as on adequately developed conceptual site models. Comprehensive understanding and inferences regarding past, present, and future land and resource use at the remedy selection stage can enhance remedy protectiveness because stakeholders can determine if land use controls are necessary and if they can be implemented and enforced. The findings from this analysis of five-year reviews of remedy protectiveness are applicable to initial remedy selection decisions and subsequent enhancements of their effectiveness through time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Systems is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Land use
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Land economics
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Remedies (Law)
N1  - Accession Number: 14611748; HOCKING, ELIZABETH K. 1; MARTINO, LOU 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Washington, DC; Issue Info: 2002-2003, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p279; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Environmental law; Thesaurus Term: Land economics; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Subject Term: Remedies (Law); NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blanton, Wyndham B.
T1  - BlochLib: a fast NMR C++ tool kit
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 162
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
SN  - 10907807
AB  - Computational power, speed, and algorithmic complexity are increasing at a continuing rate. As a result, scientific simulations continue to investigate more and more complex systems. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is no exception. NMR theory and language is extremely well developed, that simulations have become a standard by which experiments are measured. Nowadays, complex computations can be performed on normal workstations and workstation clusters. Basic numerical operations have also become extremely optimized and new computer language paradigms have become implemented. Currently there exists no complete NMR tool kit which uses these newer techniques. This paper describes such a tool kit, BlochLib. BlochLib is designed to be the next generation of NMR simulation packages; however, the basic techniques implemented are applicable to almost any problem. BlochLib enables the user to simulate almost any NMR idea both experimental or theoretical in nature. Both classical and quantum mechanical techniques are included and demonstrated, as well as several powerful user interface tools. The total tool kit and documentation can be found at http://waugh.cchem.berkeley.edu/blochlib/. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 10007165; Blanton, Wyndham B. 1,2; Email Address: magneto@dirac.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail stop 66-208, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 162 Issue 2, p269; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00035-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krzystek, J.
AU  - Telser, Joshua
T1  - High frequency and field EPR spectroscopy of Mn(III) complexes in frozen solutions
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 162
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 454
SN  - 10907807
AB  - We have performed high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) experiments on two complexes of high-spin Mn(III) (<f>3d4,S=2</f>): mesotetrasulfonato-porphyrinatomanganese(III) (Mn(TSP)) and [(<f>R,R</f>)-(−)-<f>N,N′</f>-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminomanganese(III)] (Mn(salen)). The main aim of this work was to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the conditions suitable for HFEPR of high-spin transition metal complexes in frozen solutions, and compare them with experiments performed on solid samples. Mn(TSP) is a porphyrin complex soluble in water, in contrast to most metalloporphyrins. Mn(salen), often referred to as Jacobsen’s catalyst, is a complex widely used in organic synthesis for alkene epoxidation, and is soluble in organic solvents. High-quality HFEPR signals were observed for solid state Mn(TSP), as has been previously shown for many Mn(III) complexes. The present study is, however, the first to report high-quality HFEPR spectra of a Mn(III) complex in frozen aqueous solution. Analysis of the data yielded the following spin Hamiltonian parameters: <f>S=2</f>; <f>D=−3.16±0.02 cm−1</f>, <f>E=0</f>, and isotropic <f>g=2.00(2)</f>. No X-band EPR signals were observed for Mn(TSP), which is a consequence of this being a rigorously axial spin system. Mn(salen), in contrast, did not give good quality HFEPR spectra in the solid state, but high-quality HFEPR spectra were recorded in frozen organic solutions. Analysis of the data yielded the following spin Hamiltonian parameters: <f>S=2</f>; <f>D=−2.47±0.02 cm−1</f>, <f>|E|=0.17±0.01 cm−1</f>, and isotropic <f>g=2.00(2)</f>. These values differ from those reported using X-band parallel mode EPR [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123 (2001) 5710], as discussed in the text. Therefore, a comparison between HFEPR and parallel-mode X-band spectroscopy is made. Finally, the concentration sensitivity aspect of HFEPR spectroscopy is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - HIGH spin physics
N1  - Accession Number: 10007185; Krzystek, J. 1; Email Address: krzystek@magnet.fsu.edu Telser, Joshua 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Chemistry Program, Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL 60605, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 162 Issue 2, p454; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: HIGH spin physics; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00042-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antropov, V.P.
T1  - The exchange coupling and spin waves in metallic magnets: removal of the long-wave approximation
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 262
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - L192
SN  - 03048853
AB  - A well-known connection between the magnetic susceptibility and the effective exchange parameter is analyzed. It is shown that all current computational schemes use a long-wave approximation which is suitable only for localized moments systems. A corresponding smallness parameter is derived in real and reciprocal space. General ‘inverse susceptibility’ approach is combined with a multiple scattering theory and applied for the studies of elementary metals Fe, Ni and Gd. It is shown how the proposed approach significantly improves the description of the exchange coupling between nearest atoms, the spin wave spectrum at large wave vectors for the itinerant degrees of freedom in metallic magnets. A consistent usage of this method leads to the proper description of magnetic short-range order effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAND theory of magnetism
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - Band theory
KW  - Exchange coupling
KW  - Fe
KW  - Ni
KW  - Spin waves
N1  - Accession Number: 9792388; Antropov, V.P. 1; Email Address: antropov@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 262 Issue 2, pL192; Subject Term: BAND theory of magnetism; Subject Term: SPIN waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin waves; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00206-3
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobrzhinetskaya, L. F.
AU  - Green, H. W.
AU  - Bozhilov, K. N.
AU  - Mitchell, T. E.
AU  - Dickerson, R. M.
T1  - Crystallization environment of Kazakhstan microdiamond: evidence from nanometric inclusions and mineral associations.
JO  - Journal of Metamorphic Geology
JF  - Journal of Metamorphic Geology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 437
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02634929
AB  - Abstract Nanometric solid inclusions in diamond incorporated in garnet and zircon from felsic gneiss of the Kokchetav massif, Kazakhstan, have been examined utilizing electron microscopy and focused ion beam techniques. Host garnet and zircon contain numerous pockets of multiple inclusions, which consist of 1–3 diamond crystals intergrown with quartz, phengite, phlogopite, albite, K-feldspar, rutile, apatite, titanite, biotite, chlorite and graphite in various combinations. Recalculation of the average chemical composition of the entrapped fluid represented by multiple inclusion pockets indicates that such fluid contained a low wt% of SiO2 , suggesting a relatively low-temperature fluid rather than a melt. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the diamond contains abundant nanocrystalline inclusions of oxides, rare carbonates and silicates. Within the 15 diamond crystals studied, abundant inclusions were found of SiO2 , TiO2 , Fex Oy , Cr2 O3 , ZrSiO4 , and single grains of Thx Oy , BaSO4 , MgCO3 , FeCr2 O4 and a stoichiometric Fe-rich pyroxene. The diversity of trace elements within inclusions of essentially the same stoichiometry suggests that the Kokchetav diamond crystallized from a fluid containing variable amounts of Si, Fe, Ti, Cr, Zr, Ba, Mg and Th and other minor components such as K, Na, P, S, Pb, Zn, Nb, Al, Ca, Cl. Most of the components in crystals included in diamond appear to have their origin in the subducted metasediments, but some of them probably originate from the mantle. It is concluded that Kokchetav diamond most likely crystallized from a COH-rich multicomponent supercritical fluid at a relatively low temperature (hence the apparently low content of rock-forming elements), and that the diversity of major and minor components suggests interactions between subducted... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Metamorphic Geology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - GEMS & precious stones
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SUBDUCTION zones
KW  - PETROLOGY
KW  - COH-fluid
KW  - Kazakhstan microdiamond
KW  - nanoinclusions
KW  - oxides
KW  - subduction
N1  - Accession Number: 9993090; Dobrzhinetskaya, L. F. 1 Green, H. W. 1,2 Bozhilov, K. N. 1,2 Mitchell, T. E. 3 Dickerson, R. M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Sciences,  2: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA (Larissa@ucrac1.ucr.edu)  3: Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p425; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: GEMS & precious stones; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: SUBDUCTION zones; Subject Term: PETROLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: COH-fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kazakhstan microdiamond; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoinclusions; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: subduction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1525-1314.2003.00452.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wurtz, G. A.
AU  - Hranisavljevic, J.
AU  - Wiederrecht, G. P.
T1  - Photo-initiated energy transfer in nanostructured complexes observed by near-field optical microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 210
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
EP  - 343
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Summary We report an apertureless near-field optical study on nanostructured objects formed by J-aggregates adsorbed on silver (Ag) nanoparticles. Near-field images reveal that the enhanced near-field from the dressed particle's (DP) resonantly excited plasmon oscillation is efficiently absorbed by the J-aggregates. The sensitivity of the near-field images recorded at the harmonics of the probe vibration frequency suggests that the DP is releasing part of the absorbed energy radiatively upon interaction with the probe. The role of the probe in providing this new radiative relaxation channel is further confirmed as fluorescence from the J-aggregates on the particle is detected on the particle location only. We based the interpretation of our results on the near-field optical response from a bare Ag particle excited at the plasmon resonance as well as on far-field emission and transient absorption experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
KW  - Apertureless near-field optics
KW  - fluorescence
KW  - J-aggregate complex
KW  - metal
KW  - metallic nanoparticle
KW  - non-radiative relaxation channel
KW  - plasmon resonance
KW  - Radiative
N1  - Accession Number: 10131121; Wurtz, G. A. 1 Hranisavljevic, J. 1 Wiederrecht, G. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 210 Issue 3, p340; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: PLASMONS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Apertureless near-field optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: J-aggregate complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: metallic nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-radiative relaxation channel; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasmon resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2003.01159.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeSain
AU  - J. D.
AU  - Klippenstein
AU  - S. J.
AU  - Miller
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Taatjes
AU  - C. A.
T1  - Measurements, Theory, and Modeling of OH Formation in Ethyl + O2 and Propyl + O2 Reactions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 107
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4415
EP  - 4427
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The time-resolved formation of OH from ethyl + O2 and propyl + O2 reactions has been measured by OH laser-induced fluorescence in pulsed-photolytic Cl-initiated oxidation of ethane and propane between 296 and 700 K. The propane oxidation produces more OH at each temperature than does ethane oxidation. Above 600 K, the peak amplitudes of the OH signals from both reactions increase sharply with increasing temperature. Solutions to the time-dependent master equation for the C2H5 + O2, i-C3H7 + O2, and n-C3H7 + O2 reactions, employing previously published ab initio characterizations of the stationary points of the systems, have been used to produce temperature-dependent parameterizations that predict the rate constants for formation of all of the products (R + O2, RO2, QOOH, OH + aldehydes, OH + O-heterocycles, HO2 + alkene). These parameterizations are utilized in rate equation models to compare to experimental results for HO2 and OH formation in Cl-initiated ethane and propane oxidation. The models accurately describe the time behavior and amplitude of the HO2 from both oxidation systems. However, the model underpredicts the amount of OH observed at high temperatures (>600 K) and overpredicts the amount of OH observed at lower temperatures (≤600 K). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - PROPANE
N1  - Accession Number: 19661529; DeSain J. D. 1 Klippenstein S. J. 1 Miller J. A. 1 Taatjes C. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Mail Stop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 22, p4415; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: PROPANE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang
AU  - M.
AU  - Chou
AU  - K. C.
AU  - Somorjai
AU  - G. A.
T1  - In-Situ Observation of π-Allyl c-C6H9 Intermediate during High-Pressure Cyclohexene Catalytic Reactions on Pt(111) Using Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 107
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5267
EP  - 5272
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Surface vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) has been used to identify surface species in situ during catalytic reactions of 1.5 Torr cyclohexene (C6H10) in the presence and absence of 15 Torr H2 on Pt(111) crystal surfaces. Various surface species were observed during the reactions in the range 303-483 K. Upon adsorption at 303 K in the absence of H2, cyclohexene is dehydrogenated to form 1,4-cyclohexadiene (C6H8). At 323 K, this species converts to π-allyl c-C6H9 intermediate. At temperature higher than 423 K, benzene coexists with C6H9 on the surface. Similar results were obtained in the presence of 15 Torr H2 except that in this circumstance 1,3-cyclohexadiene coexists with 1,4- cyclohexadiene at 303 K, and with C6H9 at temperature higher than 403 K. This study reports, for the first time, the existence of π-allyl c-C6H9 as a major surface species in the presence of high-pressure cyclohexene and H2 on Pt(111). In addition, adsorbed 1,3-cyclohexadiene has been observed as a reactive intermediate in the process of dehydrogenation to benzene. Finally, it has been found that excess hydrogen increases the disordering and decreases the surface coverage of the C6H9 on the surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 18432787; Yang M. 1 Chou K. C. 1 Somorjai G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 22, p5267; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radovan, H.A.
AU  - Behne, E.
AU  - Zieve, R.J.
AU  - Kim, J.S.
AU  - Stewart, G.R.
AU  - Kwok, W.-K.
AU  - Field, R.D.
T1  - Heavy-ion irradiation of UBe13 superconductors
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 64
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1015
SN  - 00223697
AB  - We irradiate the heavy fermion superconductors (U,Th)Be13 with high-energy heavy ions. Damage from the ions affects both heat capacity and magnetization measurements, although much less dramatically than in other superconductors. From these data and from direct imaging, we conclude that the irradiation does not create the amorphous columnar defects observed in high-temperature superconductors and other materials. We also find that the damage suppresses the two superconducting transitions of U0.97Th0.03Be13 by comparable amounts, unlike their response to other types of defects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - A. Superconductors
KW  - D. Radiation damage
N1  - Accession Number: 9281299; Radovan, H.A. 1 Behne, E. 1 Zieve, R.J. 1; Email Address: zieve@physics.ucdavis.edu Kim, J.S. 2 Stewart, G.R. 2 Kwok, W.-K. 3 Field, R.D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32611, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Division of Materials Science, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Division of Materials Science and Technology, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 64 Issue 6, p1015; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Radiation damage; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3697(02)00477-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - McLarnon, F.R.
T1  - Preface
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
SN  - 03787753
N1  - Accession Number: 9991036; McLarnon, F.R. 1; Email Address: frmclarnon@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-8168, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p1; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00114-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaghib, K.
AU  - Song, X.
AU  - Guerfi, A.
AU  - Rioux, R.
AU  - Kinoshita, K.
T1  - Purification process of natural graphite as anode for Li-ion batteries: chemical versus thermal
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The intercalation of Li ions in natural graphite that was purified by chemical and thermal processes was investigated. A new chemical process was developed that involved a mixed aqueous solution containing 30% H2SO4 and 30% NHxFy heated to 90 °C. The results of this process are compared to those obtained by heating the natural graphite from 1500 to 2400 °C in an inert environment (thermal process). The first-cycle coulombic efficiency of the purified natural graphite obtained by the chemical process is 91 and 84% after the thermal process at 2400 °C. Grinding the natural graphite before or after purification had no significant effect on electrochemical performance at low currents. However, grinding to a very small particle size before purification permitted optimization of the size distribution of the particles, which gives rise to a more homogenous electrode. The impurities in the graphite play a role as microabrasion agents during grinding which enhances its hardness and improves its mechanical properties. Grinding also modifies the particle morphology from a 2- to a 3-D structure (similar in shape to a potato). This potato-shaped natural graphite shows high reversible capacity at high current densities (about 90% at 1C rate). Our analysis suggests that thermal processing is considerably more expensive than the chemical process to obtain purified natural graphite. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - Chemical
KW  - Lithium intercalation
KW  - Natural graphite
KW  - Purification
KW  - Thermal treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 9991038; Zaghib, K. 1; Email Address: karimz@ireq.ca Song, X. 2 Guerfi, A. 1 Rioux, R. 1 Kinoshita, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherche, Service Chimie des Materiaux, d’Hydro-Québec (IREQ), 1800 Boul., Lionel-Boulet Varennes, Que., Canada J3X 1S1  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p8; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium intercalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Purification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal treatment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00116-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sandí, Giselle
AU  - Khalili, Nasrin R.
AU  - Lu, Wenquan
AU  - Prakash, Jai
T1  - Electrochemical performance of carbon materials derived from paper mill sludge
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A pure, high surface area and cost-effective carbon-based material with possible application in electrochemical processes was synthesized from industrial sludge. Surface characterization included N2-adsorption isotherm data and mathematical models such as the DR equation, and BJH methods. The extent of the purity was assessed from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The electrochemical properties, i.e. the potential use as electrode in Li ion batteries, were evaluated using conventional electrochemical testing such as charge/discharge cycling and impedance spectroscopy. The results of the data analysis were promising and indicated that paper mill sludge can be successfully used to produce a pure carbon for potential use in electrochemical applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Carbon materials
KW  - N2-adsorption
KW  - Thermogravimetric analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9991042; Sandí, Giselle 1; Email Address: gsandi@anl.gov Khalili, Nasrin R. 2 Lu, Wenquan 2 Prakash, Jai 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 W. 33rd Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p34; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: N2-adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermogravimetric analysis; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00120-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaughey, J.T.
AU  - Fransson, L.
AU  - Swinger, H.A.
AU  - Edström, K.
AU  - Thackeray, M.M.
T1  - Alternative anode materials for lithium-ion batteries: a study of Ag3Sb
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 64
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Silver antimonide, Ag3Sb, in which silver and antimony are both electrochemically active toward lithium, has been studied as an anode for lithium-ion batteries. The rate of capacity fade on cycling was monitored as a function of the voltage window, which has provided further information about the causes of capacity fade in intermetallic electrode systems. From the voltage profiles, and by comparison with the behavior of SnSb, InSb and Cu2Sb electrodes, the electrochemical reaction of Li/Ag3Sb cells was determined to take place in several discrete stages: first, by a displacement reaction in which lithium replaces Ag in the Ag3Sb structure in a two-step process between 0.9 and 0.7 V to form Li3Sb via Li2AgSb; and second, by reaction of lithium with the extruded silver between 0.2 and 0.0 V to form LixAg compounds (<F>1≤x≤4</F>). The rate of capacity fade that occurs when cells are cycled between 1.2 and 0.0 V was significantly reduced by limiting the reaction to either: (1) the low voltage region (0.7–0.0 V), which provided a stable capacity of ∼300 mAh/g; or (2) to a wider operating window (1.2–0.1 V, 250 mAh/g), in which the formation of LixAg phases was suppressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANODES
KW  - SILVER
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - Anodes
KW  - Intermetallic electrodes
KW  - Lithium-ion batteries
KW  - Silver antimony
N1  - Accession Number: 9991048; Vaughey, J.T. 1; Email Address: vaughey@cmt.anl.gov Fransson, L. 2 Swinger, H.A. 1 Edström, K. 2 Thackeray, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Materials Chemistry, Ångstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-751-21 Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p64; Subject Term: ANODES; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver antimony; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00126-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guerfi, A.
AU  - Sévigny, S.
AU  - Lagacé, M.
AU  - Hovington, P.
AU  - Kinoshita, K.
AU  - Zaghib, K.
T1  - Nano-particle Li4Ti5O12 spinel as electrode for electrochemical generators
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Li4Ti5O12 was obtained by solid-state reaction of a ternary precursor mixture, TiO2, Li2CO3 and carbon. The influences of the reaction time, temperature and mixing method on the electrochemical performance of Li4Ti5O12 were investigated. Electrochemical measurements and XRD diffraction characterization were used to determine the reversible capacity and TiO2 residue in the final powder, respectively. Between 1.2 and 2.0 V versus Li, a reversible capacity as high as 165 mAh/g at 7.3 mA/g was obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Electrochemical generators
KW  - Li4Ti5O12
KW  - Nano particles
KW  - Solid-state reaction
KW  - Zero strain
N1  - Accession Number: 9991053; Guerfi, A. 1 Sévigny, S. 1 Lagacé, M. 1 Hovington, P. 1 Kinoshita, K. 2 Zaghib, K. 1; Email Address: karimz@ireq.ca; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec, 1800 Boul., Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Que., Canada J3X 1S1  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p88; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical generators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li4Ti5O12; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zero strain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00131-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Seung-Wan
AU  - Striebel, Kathryn A.
AU  - Song, Xiangyun
AU  - Cairns, Elton J.
T1  - Amorphous and nanocrystalline Mg2Si thin-film electrodes
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Mg2Si films, prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), were amorphous, as prepared, and nanocrystalline following annealing. Their micro-structure and electrochemical characteristics were studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and electrochemical cycling against lithium. HRTEM analysis revealed that some excess Si was present in the films. The more amorphous thinner film exhibited excellent cyclability. However, when the film becomes crystalline, the irreversible capacity loss was more significant during the initial cycling and after ∼50 cycles. Interpretations of the superior stability of the amorphous films are examined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - Nanocrystalline
KW  - Pulsed laser deposition
KW  - Thin-film electrodes
N1  - Accession Number: 9991057; Song, Seung-Wan 1 Striebel, Kathryn A. 1; Email Address: kastriebel@lbl.gov Song, Xiangyun 1 Cairns, Elton J. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p110; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin-film electrodes; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00135-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Christopher S.
AU  - Kim, Jeom-Soo
AU  - Kropf, A. Jeremy
AU  - Kahaian, Arthur J.
AU  - Vaughey, John T.
AU  - Thackeray, Michael M.
T1  - Structural and electrochemical evaluation of (1 − x)Li2TiO3·(x)LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 electrodes for lithium batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 03787753
AB  - X-ray diffraction (XRD), in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and chemical lithiation experiments were used to evaluate the phases associated with the electrochemistry of the mixed-metal layered LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 oxide electrode. These results, along with coin-cell cycling data from the substituted layered (<F>1−x</F>)Li2TiO3·(x)LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 composite oxide electrode are reported. The cycling behavior of Li/0.05Li2TiO3·0.95LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 (<F>x=0.95</F>) cells over an extended voltage window (4.3 or 4.6–1.25 V) under moderate current rate have yielded rechargeable capacities above 250 mAh/g. These large capacities and structural data suggest that both the composite (<F>1−x</F>)Li2TiO3·(x)LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 and LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 (standard) layered electrodes operate predominantly off two-electron redox couples, Ni4+/Ni2+ and Mn4+/Mn2+, approximately between 4.6 and 2.0 V, and between 2.0 and 1.0 V versus metallic Li, respectively. The LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 layered oxide is shown to reversibly react chemically or electrochemically with Li to form a stable, but air-sensitive dilithium compound, Li2Mn0.5Ni0.5O2 (Li2MO2; <F>M=metal</F> ion) that can be indexed to the space group P-3m1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Layered electrodes
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Lithium–nickel–manganese oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 9991066; Johnson, Christopher S.; Email Address: johnsoncs@cmt.anl.gov Kim, Jeom-Soo 1 Kropf, A. Jeremy 1 Kahaian, Arthur J. 1 Vaughey, John T. 1 Thackeray, Michael M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology and Basic Sciences Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p139; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium–nickel–manganese oxides; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00143-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eriksson, Tom A.
AU  - Doeff, Marca M.
T1  - A study of layered lithium manganese oxide cathode materials
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Substituted layered sodium manganese oxide bronzes with the P2 structure were prepared by glycine-nitrate combustion synthesis. The Na in the as-prepared materials could be completely ion-exchanged for Li under mild conditions. All lithium manganese oxide compounds obtained after ion-exchange have O2 stacking of the layers. Cyclic voltammetry and stepped potential experiments on lithium cells containing these materials show that the main redox reaction around 3.1 V is a diffusion-controlled process and is completely reversible. O2-Li0.6[Al0.1Mn0.85□0.05]O2 and O2-Li0.6[Ni0.1Mn0.85□0.05]O2 are particularly promising as cathode materials in lithium cells because of the high reversible discharge capacities (180 mAh/g). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MANGANESE oxides
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Cathode
KW  - Lithium battery
KW  - Manganese oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 9991067; Eriksson, Tom A. 1 Doeff, Marca M.; Email Address: mmdoeff@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p145; Subject Term: MANGANESE oxides; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00144-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, S.-H.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Comparative study of <F>Li(Ni0.5−xMn0.5−xM2x′</F>)O2 (M′ = Mg, Al, Co, Ni, Ti; x = 0, 0.025) cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
SN  - 03787753
AB  - We have investigated the effect of dopants on the electrochemical and thermal properties of layered <F>Li(Ni0.5−xMn0.5−xM2x′)</F> materials (<F>M′=Mg</F>, Al, Co, Ni, Ti; <F>x=0, 0.025</F>) that were prepared using a manganese–nickel hydroxide precursor. Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O2 exhibited discharge capacities of ca. 120 and 150 mAh/g at 2.8–4.3 and 2.8–4.6 V, respectively, with slight capacity fades; the addition of 5 mol% Al, Co, Ni, and Ti increased discharge capacity by 10–30% and improved capacity retention. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data suggested that Ni and Mn exist as Ni2+ and Mn4+ so that only Ni is electrochemically active in the layered structure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data showed that exothermic reactions of <F>Liy(Ni0.5−xMn0.5−xM2x′)O2</F> charged to 4.3 V versus Li started at higher temperatures (270–290 °C) than LiNiO2-based cathode materials (e.g. 200 °C for LiNi0.8Co0.2O2), which indicates that the thermal stability of <F>Li(Ni0.5−xMn0.5−xM2x′)</F> is superior to that of LiNiO2-based cathode materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METALS
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - Cathode materials
KW  - Layered structure
KW  - Lithium manganese nickel oxides
KW  - Lithium-ion rechargeable battery
N1  - Accession Number: 9991069; Kang, S.-H.; Email Address: kangs@cmt.anl.gov Amine, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p150; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium manganese nickel oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion rechargeable battery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00145-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991069&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belharouak, Ilias
AU  - Tsukamoto, H.
AU  - Amine, Khalil
T1  - LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 as a long-lived positive active material for lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 03787753
AB  - LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 layered material could be a possible cathode material for advanced lithium-ion batteries in applications such as medical devices. The material was prepared by the co-precipitation method, which leads to a highly stoichiometric and homogeneous powder with a desirable particle size. It has shown reasonable cycling stability at a C/2 rate up to 100 cycles, and is expected to be much more stable at lower rates and capable of providing the needed capacity. We also showed that the use of lithium fluoroalkyl-phosphate Li[PF3(C2F5)3] salt-based electrolyte significantly improves the calendar life of the battery. Aging tests have been performed under severe conditions (storage at 50 °C and 4.1 V) clearly show a huge capacity loss for the conventional cathode LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 while LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 electrode exhibits a limited capacity fading. Finally, because it has less nickel content, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements confirm that LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 is much safe than the LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 cathode. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - Aging
KW  - Cyclability
KW  - LiNi0.5Co0.5O2
KW  - Medical device
N1  - Accession Number: 9991075; Belharouak, Ilias 1; Email Address: belharouak@cmt.anl.gov Tsukamoto, H. 2 Amine, Khalil 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Quallion LLC, 12744 San Fernando Road, Building 4, Sylmar, CA 91342, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p175; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclability; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiNi0.5Co0.5O2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Medical device; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00174-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991075&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, Gregory J.
AU  - Johnson, Christopher S.
AU  - Thackeray, Michael M.
T1  - The electrochemical behavior of xLiNiO2·(1 − x)Li2RuO3 and Li2Ru1−yZryO3 electrodes in lithium cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Cathode materials derived from Li2RuO3, Li2ZrO3 and LiNiO2 have been evaluated in lithium cells at room temperature as part of an ongoing study of composite xLiMO2·(<F>1−x</F>)Li2M′O3 electrodes. Our results confirm previous reports that two lithium ions can be initially extracted from Li2RuO3, but that only one lithium ion can be cycled between 4.4 and 2.8 V with a rechargeable capacity of approximately 200 mAh/g. Extending the voltage window to 4.6–1.4 V increases the reversible capacity of the Li2RuO3 electrode significantly, to nearly 300 mAh/g. Similar capacities are obtained from a Zr-substituted electrode, Li2Ru1−yZryO3 for <F>y=0.1</F>, with excellent cycling stability. A composite electrode, 0.7LiNiO2·0.3Li2RuO3, provides a steady 150 mAh/g when cycled between 4.6 and 2.7 V. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - Electrode
KW  - Li2RuO3
KW  - Lithium cell
KW  - Lithium ruthenate
N1  - Accession Number: 9991085; Moore, Gregory J.; Email Address: thackeray@cmt.anl.gov Johnson, Christopher S. 1 Thackeray, Michael M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p216; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li2RuO3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium ruthenate; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00184-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991085&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Richardson, Thomas J.
T1  - Phosphate-stabilized lithium intercalation compounds
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Four manganese and iron phosphates with alluaudite or fillowite structures have been prepared by solid state reactions: Na2FeMn2(PO4)3, LiNaFeMn2(PO4)3, NaFe3(PO4)3, and Na2Mn3(PO4)3. LixNa2−xFeMn2(PO4)3 with x close to 2 was prepared from Na2FeMn2(PO4)3 by molten salt ion exchange. These materials are similar in stoichiometry to the phospho-olivines LiFe(Mn)PO4, but have a more complex structure that can accommodate mixed transition metal oxidation states. They are of interest as candidates for lithium battery cathodes because of their expected higher electronic conductivity, high intercalant ion mobility, and ease of preparation. Their performance as intercalation electrodes in non-aqueous lithium cells was, however, poor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state chemistry
KW  - CLATHRATE compounds
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Active materials
KW  - Lithium secondary batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 9991095; Richardson, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: tjrichardson@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p262; Subject Term: SOLID state chemistry; Subject Term: CLATHRATE compounds; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium secondary batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00244-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991095&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jang, Young-Il
AU  - Dudney, Nancy J.
AU  - Blom, Douglas A.
AU  - Allard, Lawrence F.
T1  - Electrochemical and electron microscopic characterization of thin-film LiCoO2 cathodes under high-voltage cycling conditions
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Thin-film LiCoO2 batteries using the Lipon electrolyte exhibit excellent cycleability up to 4.4 V. With the enhanced voltage limit for repeatable cycling, the thin-film cathode delivers a specific capacity of 170 mAh/g, which is 22% higher than that for previous LiCoO2 cathodes cycled to 4.2 V. No evidence of grain fracture was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the cathode layer after cycling to 4.4 V. When cycled to >4.4 V, capacity fades and cell resistance increases more rapidly, attributed to the onset of a phase transition at >4.4 V. Fracture of grains was observed by TEM in the cathode layer after cycling to 5 V. Nanocrystalline films show better cycleability to 5 V than films with a larger grain size. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Lipon
KW  - Lithium cobalt oxide
KW  - Nanocrystalline cathode
KW  - Thin-film batteries
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9991102; Jang, Young-Il 1; Email Address: jang@ornl.gov Dudney, Nancy J. 1 Blom, Douglas A. 2 Allard, Lawrence F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p295; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lipon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium cobalt oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline cathode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin-film batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00160-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991102&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dudney, Nancy J.
AU  - Jang, Young-Il
T1  - Analysis of thin-film lithium batteries with cathodes of 50 nm to 4 μm thick LiCoO2
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Discharge properties of more than 40 Li–LiCoO2 solid-state thin-film batteries with cathode film thickness from 50 nm to 4 μm have been examined with respect to the lithium diffusion in the cathode. For all but the thinnest cathodes or very low current densities, the discharge capacity from 4.2 to 3.0 V is limited by the lithium diffusivity in LixCoO2 and the ultimate formation of a resistive layer at the interface as x approaches 1.0. Measurements of the equilibrium open circuit potential and ac impedance upon deep discharge support this model. Promoting a higher diffusion for the <F>0.96<x<1.0</F> phase would greatly enhance the energy achievable by the thin-film batteries. The lithium diffusion rate in the cathode films is observed to be sensitive to subtle variations in the synthesis conditions when crystallized at temperatures ≤700 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - LiCoO2
KW  - Lipon
KW  - Lithium battery
KW  - Lithium diffusion
KW  - Microbattery
KW  - Thin-film battery
N1  - Accession Number: 9991103; Dudney, Nancy J.; Email Address: njd@ornl.gov Jang, Young-Il 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6030, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p300; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CATHODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiCoO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lipon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbattery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin-film battery; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00162-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991103&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Stable cycling of thin-film vanadium oxide electrodes between 4 and 0 V in lithium batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Vanadium oxide prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition was cycled in different voltage ranges in a lithium battery. Electrochemical cycling results show a surprisingly low irreversibility during the first discharge and good stability for close to 1000 cycles between 4 and 0 V. Raman spectroscopy results indicate that a major structural transformation takes place when the films are cycled down to 1.8 V, after which the structural features remain intact even after cycling to 0 V. Degradation of the electrode only occurs after extended cycling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - VANADIUM oxide
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Anode material
KW  - Cycling stability
KW  - Lithium insertion
KW  - Raman spectra
KW  - Vanadium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 9991104; Liu, Ping; Email Address: pliu@nrel.gov Lee, Se-Hee 1 Tracy, C. Edwin 1 Turner, John A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p305; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: VANADIUM oxide; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anode material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cycling stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium insertion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadium oxide; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00164-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991104&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sloop, Steven E.
AU  - Kerr, John B.
AU  - Kinoshita, Kim
T1  - The role of Li-ion battery electrolyte reactivity in performance decline and self-discharge
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 330
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to report on the reactivity of PF5 and EC/linear carbonates to understand the thermal and electrochemical decomposition reactions of LiPF6 in carbonate solvents and how these reactions lead to the formation of products that impact the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The behavior of other salts such as LiBF4 and LiTFSI are also examined. Solid LiPF6 is in equilibrium with solid LiF and PF5 gas. In the bulk electrolyte, the equilibrium can move toward products as PF5 reacts with the solvents. The Lewis acid property of the PF5 induces a ring-opening polymerization of the EC that is present in the electrolyte and can lead to PEO-like polymers. The polymerization is endothermic until 170 °C and is driven by CO2 evolution. Above this temperature the polymerization becomes exothermic and leads to a violent decomposition. The PEO-like polymers also react with the PF5 to yield further products that may be soluble in the electrolyte or participate in solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation in real cells. GPC analysis of the heated electrolytes indicates the presence of material with Mw up to 5000. More details on the polymerization reactions and further reactions with PF5 are reported. Transesterification and polymer products are observed in the electrolytes of cycled and aged Li-ion cells. Formation of polymer materials which are further cross-linked by reaction with acidic species leads to degradation of the transport properties of the electrolyte in the composite electrodes with the accompanying loss of power and energy density. Generation of CO2 in lithium-ion cells leads to saturation of the electrolyte and cessation of the polymerization reaction. However, CO2 is easily reduced at the anode to oxalate, carbonate and CO. The carbonate contributes to the SEI layer while the oxalate is sufficiently soluble to reach the cathode to be re-oxidized to CO2 thus resulting in a shuttle mechanism that explains reversible self-discharge. Irreversible reduction of CO2 to carbonate and CO partially accounts for irreversible self-discharge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Capacity and power fade
KW  - Carbonate electrolyte
KW  - CO2 generation and reduction
KW  - Lewis acid salts
KW  - Lithium-ion batteries
KW  - Polymerization
N1  - Accession Number: 9991109; Sloop, Steven E. 1 Kerr, John B.; Email Address: jbkerr@lbl.gov Kinoshita, Kim 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62 203 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p330; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacity and power fade; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbonate electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 generation and reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lewis acid salts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymerization; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00149-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991109&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jow, T.R.
AU  - Ding, M.S.
AU  - Xu, K.
AU  - Zhang, S.S.
AU  - Allen, J.L.
AU  - Amine, K.
AU  - Henriksen, G.L.
T1  - Nonaqueous electrolytes for wide-temperature-range operation of Li-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Nonaqueous electrolytes play a key role in extending the operating temperature range of Li-ion batteries. In developing electrolytes for wide temperature operations, we adopted an approach of starting with thermally stable lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) and lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiB(C2O4)2, or LiBOB) salts. We have demonstrated that the capacity of Li-ion cells fades much slower in electrolytes using LiBF4 or LiBOB than in electrolytes using LiPF6. For low temperatures applications, suitable solvent systems for LiBF4 and LiBOB were explored. We found that the charge transfer resistance (Rct) is smaller in Li-ion cells in electrolytes based on LiBF4 in selected solvent systems than that based on LiPF6 and results in better capacity utilization at low temperatures. We also found that the electrolytes based on LiBOB in PC-based solvent system would allow Li-ion cells with graphite anode to be cycled. By comparing the properties of LiBF4 and LiPF6 in the propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate (PC–DEC) solvent system, we found that it is possible to formulate proper solvent mixtures for enhanced conductivity for LiBF4 and LiBOB salts at low temperatures. It is concluded that nonaqueous electrolytes for wide-temperature-range operations of Li-ion cells are achievable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - Glass transition temperature
KW  - High temperature
KW  - Li-ion batteries
KW  - Lithium salts
KW  - Low temperature
KW  - Nonaqueous electrolytes
KW  - Solid electrolyte interface (SEI)
N1  - Accession Number: 9991111; Jow, T.R. 1; Email Address: rjow@arl.army.mil Ding, M.S. 1 Xu, K. 1 Zhang, S.S. 1 Allen, J.L. 1 Amine, K. 2 Henriksen, G.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Electrochemical Technical Program, 9700 South Cass Avenue Building 203—C110, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p343; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass transition temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium salts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonaqueous electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid electrolyte interface (SEI); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00153-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991111&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyung, Yoo E.
AU  - Vissers, Donald R.
AU  - Amine, Khalil
T1  - Flame-retardant additives for lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
SN  - 03787753
AB  - To enhance the resistance of lithium-ion battery components to ignition and to reduce the flammability of the electrolyte with minimal effect on performance, we added flame-retardant additives to the electrolyte. The flame retardants were selected from a group of organic phosphate compounds, triphenylphosphate (TPP) and tributylphosphate (TBP), to provide superior thermal safety in lithium-ion cells at the fully charged state. The cycling characteristics of the lithium-ion cells containing flame-retardant additives were found to be similar or superior to the cells that contained no additives. Horizontal burning tests of electrolytes were carried out in a flame test chamber referenced by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) test standard 94 (UL 94) and ASTM D4986-98 to evaluate the electrolyes’ flammability characteristics. The thermal stability characteristics of the electrodes and electrolytes with and without flame-retardant additives were investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC). Negative electrode samples with electrolytes containing flame-retardant additives revealed less heat generation and higher-onset decomposition temperatures. The results disclose that the thermal safety of lithium-ion cells can be improved by incorporating small amounts of suitable additives such as triphenylphosphate and tributylphosphate to the electrolyte. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - ARC
KW  - Flame retardant
KW  - High power battery
KW  - Safety
N1  - Accession Number: 9991118; Hyung, Yoo E.; Email Address: hyung@cmt.anl.gov Vissers, Donald R. 1 Amine, Khalil 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p383; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flame retardant; Author-Supplied Keyword: High power battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safety; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00225-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991118&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oh, B.
AU  - Vissers, D.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - West, R.
AU  - Tsukamoto, H.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - New interpenetrating network type poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide) polymer electrolyte for lithium battery
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 442
SN  - 03787753
AB  - We fabricated an interpenetrating network type solid polymer electrolyte with a promising mono-comb type poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide) for lithium rechargeable battery. The ionic conductivity of the network polymer electrolyte was closed to 10−4 S/cm at near room temperature. Initial cycling result from LiNi0.8Co0.2O2/polymer electrolyte/lithium metal cell shows excellent cycling characteristics with no capacity fade in a solid electrolyte system. The new polysiloxane polymer electrolyte could be a promising system for large batteries that necessitate long life and inherent safety such as batteries for electric vehicle applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - Interpenetrating network
KW  - Poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide)
KW  - Solid polymer electrolyte
N1  - Accession Number: 9991132; Oh, B. 1; Email Address: oh@cmt.anl.gov Vissers, D. 1 Zhang, Z. 2 West, R. 2 Tsukamoto, H. 3 Amine, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: CMT Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 205, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1396, USA  3: Quallion, LLC, 12744 San Fernando Rd., Bldg. 4, Sylmar, CA 91342, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p442; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interpenetrating network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide); Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid polymer electrolyte; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00187-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991132&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sandí, Giselle
AU  - Carrado, Kathleen A.
AU  - Joachin, Humberto
AU  - Lu, Wenquan
AU  - Prakash, Jai
T1  - Polymer nanocomposites for lithium battery applications
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 492
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A series of polymer-clay nanocomposites have been synthesized, characterized, and electrochemically tested as possible candidates for polymer electrolytes in lithium ion cells. Only cations are mobile in these materials, rather than both cations and anions, leading to a higher conductivity. The nanocomposites are based on synthetic lithium hectorite (SLH) and different mass ratios of polyethylene oxide (PEO). Transparent films with excellent mechanical strength are obtained with conductivity that is comparable to more traditional polymer electrolytes made with added lithium salts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Nanocomposite
KW  - PEO
KW  - SLH
N1  - Accession Number: 9991144; Sandí, Giselle 1; Email Address: gsandi@anl.gov Carrado, Kathleen A. 1 Joachin, Humberto 2 Lu, Wenquan 2 Prakash, Jai 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4803, USA  2: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 W. 33rd Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p492; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocomposite; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEO; Author-Supplied Keyword: SLH; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00272-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991144&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abraham, D.P.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Chen, C.H.
AU  - Hyung, Y.E.
AU  - Stoll, M.
AU  - Elsen, N.
AU  - MacLaren, S.
AU  - Twesten, R.
AU  - Haasch, R.
AU  - Sammann, E.
AU  - Petrov, I.
AU  - Amine, K.
AU  - Henriksen, G.
T1  - Diagnosis of power fade mechanisms in high-power lithium-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) need long-lived high-power batteries as energy storage devices. Batteries based on lithium-ion technology can meet the high-power goals but have been unable to meet HEV calendar-life requirements. As part of the US Department of Energy’s Advanced Technology Development (ATD) Program, diagnostic studies are being conducted on 18650-type lithium-ion cells that were subjected to accelerated aging tests at temperatures ranging from 40 to 70 °C. This article summarizes data obtained by gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, electron microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques, and identifies cell components that are responsible for the observed impedance rise and power fade. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Calendar-life
KW  - Chromatography
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9991147; Abraham, D.P. 1; Email Address: abraham@cmt.anl.gov Liu, J. 1 Chen, C.H. 1 Hyung, Y.E. 1 Stoll, M. 1 Elsen, N. 1 MacLaren, S. 2 Twesten, R. 2 Haasch, R. 2 Sammann, E. 2 Petrov, I. 2 Amine, K. 1 Henriksen, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p511; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calendar-life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00275-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991147&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kostecki, Robert
AU  - McLarnon, Frank
T1  - Microprobe study of the effect of Li intercalation on the structure of graphite
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 550
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The structural stability of graphite electrodes in Li-ion cells, which were cycled at room temperature and 60 °C was investigated. We observed gradual structural degradation of the graphite, which was most pronounced on the electrode surface but also extended into the bulk of the electrode. Graphite particles close to the Cu current collector remained almost unchanged, whereas those close to the electrode/electrolyte interface suffered significant structural damage. Structural degradation of the graphite led to an increased anode surface reactivity vs. the electrolyte. A thick layer of inorganic products from side reactions was observed on the disordered carbon areas of the anode. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Carbon disordering
KW  - Graphite anode
KW  - Li intercalation
KW  - Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI)
N1  - Accession Number: 9991153; Kostecki, Robert; Email Address: r_kostecki@ibl.gov McLarnon, Frank 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p550; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon disordering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphite anode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li intercalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00287-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991153&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Limthongkul, Pimpa
AU  - Jang, Young-Il
AU  - Dudney, Nancy J.
AU  - Chiang, Yet-Ming
T1  - Electrochemically-driven solid-state amorphization in lithium–metal anodes
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 604
SN  - 03787753
AB  - As lithiated–metal alloys such as Li–Si or Li–Sn are of great interest as high energy density anodes for Li-ion rechargeable batteries, a fundamental understanding on how the metals behave upon lithiation is important. X-ray diffraction and HREM experiments in this work reveal that the crystallization of equilibrium inter-metallic compounds (e.g. Li–Si) is inhibited during lithiation at room temperature, and that formation of highly lithiated glass instead occurs. This glass is shown to be metastable with respect to the equilibrium crystalline phases. We show that the mechanism of electrochemical alloying is electrochemically-driven solid-state amorphization (ESA), a process closely analogous to the diffusive solid-state amorphization (SSA) of thin films. Experimental results on the diffusive reaction of Li and Si bilayer films support the proposed mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - Amorphous phase
KW  - Lithium alloy anodes
KW  - Lithium ion rechargeable batteries
KW  - Metal anodes
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9991164; Limthongkul, Pimpa 1 Jang, Young-Il 2 Dudney, Nancy J. 2 Chiang, Yet-Ming 1; Email Address: ychiang@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p604; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium alloy anodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium ion rechargeable batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal anodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00303-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991164&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoon, Won-Sub
AU  - Chung, Kyung-Yoon
AU  - Oh, Ki-Hwan
AU  - Kim, Kwang-Bum
T1  - Changes in electronic structure of the electrochemically Li-ion deintercalated LiMn2O4 system investigated by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 706
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The electronic structure of the electrochemically Li-ion deintercalated Li1−xMn2O4 system has been investigated for various Li compositions using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) for oxygen K-edge and Mn LII,III-edge. To get reasonably good XAS spectra for the electrochemically Li-ion deintercalated Li1−xMn2O4 system, we made a binder free LiMn2O4 film electrode using electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) technique. From the Mn LII,III-edge XAS, it is found that the peak shifts to higher energy with the Li-ion deintercalation and this is due to the increase of the average oxidation state of the Mn ion. From the oxygen K-edge XAS, the Li-ion deintercalation gives rise to a gradual increase in pre-edge peak intensity but mostly does not effect its peak shape. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - Li1−xMn2O4
KW  - Lithium rechargeable batteries
KW  - Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy
KW  - XAS
N1  - Accession Number: 9991185; Yoon, Won-Sub 1,2; Email Address: wonsuby@bnl.gov Chung, Kyung-Yoon 2 Oh, Ki-Hwan 2 Kim, Kwang-Bum 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p706; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li1−xMn2O4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium rechargeable batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00221-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991185&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newman, John
AU  - Thomas, Karen E.
AU  - Hafezi, Hooman
AU  - Wheeler, Dean R.
T1  - Modeling of lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 838
SN  - 03787753
AB  - After reviewing the basic modeling framework for simulating battery behavior, three examples relating to mass-transfer effects are presented. Side reactions at the lithium electrode can change the surface concentration of lithium ions, introducing error into measurements of the cell potential as a function of bulk electrolyte concentration (concentration-cell measurements). This error introduced by a continuous side reaction is carried over into calculations of the transference number from the galvanostatic polarization method. Concentration gradients formed during passage of current are associated with a heat-of-mixing effect, which is the cause of heat generation during relaxation after cessation of the current. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations show that the decrease in conductivity with increasing salt concentration in liquid carbonate electrolytes is caused by ion association. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - Diffusion coefficient
KW  - Heat of mixing
KW  - Lithium battery
KW  - Model
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Side reactions
KW  - Thermal model
KW  - Transference number
N1  - Accession Number: 9991214; Newman, John; Email Address: newman@newman.cchem.berkeley.edu Thomas, Karen E. 1 Hafezi, Hooman 1 Wheeler, Dean R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Environmental Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p838; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat of mixing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Side reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transference number; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00282-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991214&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, Karen E.
AU  - Newman, John
T1  - Heats of mixing and of entropy in porous insertion electrodes
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 844
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Heat is produced after interruption of the current because of relaxation of concentration gradients in electrochemical systems. This heat of relaxation is termed heat of mixing. Two methods, one computational and one analytic approximation, for computing the heat of mixing are presented. In general, the magnitude of the heat of mixing will be small in materials with transport properties sufficiently high to provide acceptable battery performance, with the possible exception of heat of mixing within the insertion particles if the particle radius is large.In insertion materials, such as lithium insertion electrodes, the entropy of reaction may vary substantially with state of charge. The entropy of reaction accounts for a reversible heat effect which may be of the same order of magnitude as the resistive heating. Measurements for the entropy of reaction as a function of state of charge in LiCoO<F>2</F>, LiNi<F>0.8</F>Co<F>0.2</F>O<F>2</F>, and LiC<F>6</F> are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Entropy
KW  - Heat of mixing
KW  - Thermal model
N1  - Accession Number: 9991215; Thomas, Karen E. 1 Newman, John; Email Address: newman@newman.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy and Environmental Technologies Division and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p844; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat of mixing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal model; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00283-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991215&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, R.B.
AU  - Christophersen, J.P.
AU  - Motloch, C.G.
AU  - Belt, J.R.
AU  - Ho, C.D.
AU  - Battaglia, V.S.
AU  - Barnes, J.A.
AU  - Duong, T.Q.
AU  - Sutula, R.A.
T1  - Power fade and capacity fade resulting from cycle-life testing of Advanced Technology Development Program lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 865
SN  - 03787753
AB  - This paper presents the test results and analysis of the power and capacity fade resulting from the cycle-life testing using PNGV (now referred to as FreedomCAR) test protocols at 25 and 45 °C of 18650-size Li-ion batteries developed by the US Department of Energy sponsored Advanced Technology Development (ATD) Program. Two cell chemistries were studied, a Baseline chemistry that had a cathode composition of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 with binders, that was cycle-life tested at 25 and 45 °C, and a Variant C chemistry with a cathode composition of LiNi0.8Co0.10Al0.10O2 with binders, that was tested only at 45 °C. The 300 Wh power, and % power fade were determined as a function of test time, i.e. the number of test cycles for up to 44 weeks (369,600 test cycles) for the Baseline cells, and for 24 weeks (201,600 test cycles) for the Variant C cells. The C/1 and C/25 discharge capacity and capacity fade were also determined during the course of these studies. The results of this study indicate that the 300 Wh power for the Baseline cells tested at 25 °C (up to 44 weeks of testing) decreased as a linear function of test time. The % power fade for these cells increased as a linear function of test time. The Baseline cells tested at 45 °C (up to 44 weeks of testing) displayed a decrease in their power proportional to the square root of the test time, with a faster rate of decrease of the power occurring at ∼28 weeks of testing. The % power fade for these cells also increased as the square root of the test time, and exhibited an increase in the % power fade rate at ∼28 weeks of testing. The 45 °C tested Baseline cells’ power decreased, and their % power fade increased at a greater rate than the 25 °C tested Baseline cells. The power fade was greater for the Variant C cells. The power of the Variant C cells (tested at 45 °C) decreased as the square root of the test time, and their % power fade was also found to be a function of the square root of the test time (up to 24 weeks of testing), i.e. the rate of decrease in the power and the increase in the % power fade rate was greater for the Variant C cells than for the Baseline cells also tested at 45 °C. The C/1 and C/25 Ah capacities of the Baseline cells tested at 25 and 45 °C were determined to be a function of the square root of the cycle time (i.e. number of test cycles) for test times up to 44 weeks. The capacity fade was greater at 45 °C than at 25 °C. Similarly, the C/1 and C/25 charge capacities of the Variant C cells were found to be a function of the square root of the test time (up to 24 weeks of testing). The C/1 and C/25 charge capacities decreased as a function of test time and the rate of decrease was smaller for the Variant C cells as compared to the Baseline cells over comparable test times (24 weeks). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - Battery capacity
KW  - Battery cycle-life
KW  - Battery power
KW  - Capacity fade
KW  - Lithium-ion batteries
KW  - Power fade
N1  - Accession Number: 9991220; Wright, R.B. 1; Email Address: rbw2@inel.gov Christophersen, J.P. 1 Motloch, C.G. 1 Belt, J.R. 1 Ho, C.D. 1 Battaglia, V.S. 2 Barnes, J.A. 3 Duong, T.Q. 3 Sutula, R.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, MS-3830 Idaho Falls, ID 83415-3830, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: US Department of Energy, 1000 Independence Avenue, S. W., Washington, DC 20858, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p865; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: CATHODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery cycle-life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacity fade; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power fade; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00190-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991220&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jungst, Rudolph G.
AU  - Nagasubramanian, Ganesan
AU  - Case, Herbert L.
AU  - Liaw, Bor Yann
AU  - Urbina, Angel
AU  - Paez, Thomas L.
AU  - Doughty, Daniel H.
T1  - Accelerated calendar and pulse life analysis of lithium-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 870
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Sandia National Laboratories has been studying calendar and pulse discharge life of prototype high-power lithium-ion cells as part of the Advanced Technology Development (ATD) Program. One of the goals of ATD is to establish validated accelerated life test protocols for lithium-ion cells in the hybrid electric vehicle application. In order to accomplish this, aging experiments have been conducted on 18650-size cells containing a chemistry representative of these high-power designs. Loss of power and capacity are accompanied by increasing interfacial impedance at the cathode. These relationships are consistent within a given state-of-charge (SOC) over the range of storage temperatures and times. Inductive models have been used to construct detailed descriptions of the relationships between power fade and aging time and to relate power fade, capacity loss and impedance rise. These models can interpolate among the different experimental conditions and can also describe the error surface when fitting life prediction models to the data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - Artificial neural networks
KW  - Inductive modeling
KW  - Lithium-ion cell
N1  - Accession Number: 9991221; Jungst, Rudolph G.; Email Address: rgjungs@sandia.gov Nagasubramanian, Ganesan 1 Case, Herbert L. 1 Liaw, Bor Yann 1 Urbina, Angel 1 Paez, Thomas L. 1 Doughty, Daniel H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p870; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Author-Supplied Keyword: Artificial neural networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inductive modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion cell; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00193-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991221&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liaw, Bor Yann
AU  - Roth, E. Peter
AU  - Jungst, Rudolph G.
AU  - Nagasubramanian, Ganesan
AU  - Case, Herbert L.
AU  - Doughty, Daniel H.
T1  - Correlation of Arrhenius behaviors in power and capacity fades with cell impedance and heat generation in cylindrical lithium-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 874
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A series of cylindrical 18650 lithium-ion cells with an MAG-10|1.2 M LiPF6 ethylene carbonate (EC):ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) (w:<F>w=3</F>:7)|LixNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 configuration were made and tested for power-assist hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications under various aging conditions of temperature and state-of-charge (SOC). The cells were intermittently characterized for changes in power capability, rate capacity, and impedance as aging progressed. The changes of these properties with temperature, as depicted by Arrhenius equations, were analyzed. We found that the degradation in power and capacity fade seems to relate to the impedance increase in the cell. The degradation follows a multi-stage process. The initial stage of degradation has an activation energy of the order of 50–55 kJ/mol, as derived from power fade and C1 capacity fade measured at C/1 rate. In addition, microcalorimetry was performed on two separate unaged cells at 80% SOC at various temperatures to measure static heat generation in the cells. We found that the static heat generation has an activation energy of the order of 48–55 kJ/mol, similar to those derived from power and C1 capacity fade. The correspondence in the magnitude of the activation energy suggests that the power and C1 capacity fades were related to the changes of the impedance in the cells, most likely via the same fading mechanism. The fading mechanism seemed to be related to the static heat generation of the cell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - HYBRID electric vehicles
KW  - Accelerated life tests
KW  - Activation energy
KW  - Arrhenius plots
KW  - LixNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode
KW  - Lithium-ion battery
N1  - Accession Number: 9991222; Liaw, Bor Yann; Email Address: bliaw@hawaii.edu Roth, E. Peter 1 Jungst, Rudolph G. 1 Nagasubramanian, Ganesan 1 Case, Herbert L. 1 Doughty, Daniel H.; Email Address: dhdough@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lithium Battery R&D Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS-0613, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p874; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: HYBRID electric vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerated life tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activation energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arrhenius plots; Author-Supplied Keyword: LixNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion battery; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00196-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991222&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shim, Joongpyo
AU  - Striebel, Kathryn A.
T1  - Effect of electrode density on cycle performance and irreversible capacity loss for natural graphite anode in lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 934
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The effect of electrode thickness and density for unpressed and pressed natural graphite electrodes were studied using electrochemical characterization. Pressing the graphite electrode decreased the reversible capacity and the irreversible capacity loss (ICL) during formation. As electrode density increased, the capacity retention at high rate increased until 0.9 g/cm3, and then decreased. The cycle performances of the pressed graphite electrodes were more stable than the unpressed one. Pressing graphite electrode affected on its electrochemical characterization such as ICL, high rate cycling and cycle performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - Anode
KW  - Lithium-ion battery
KW  - Natural graphite
N1  - Accession Number: 9991234; Shim, Joongpyo 1 Striebel, Kathryn A.; Email Address: kastriebel@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p934; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural graphite; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00235-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991234&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Striebel, K.
AU  - Guerfi, A.
AU  - Shim, J.
AU  - Armand, M.
AU  - Gauthier, M.
AU  - Zaghib, K.
T1  - LiFePO4/gel/natural graphite cells for the BATT program
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 951
SN  - 03787753
AB  - LiFePO4/gel/natural graphite (NG) cells have been prepared and cycled under a fixed protocol for cycle and calendar life determination. Cell compression of 68 kPa was found to represent an optimal balance between cell impedance and the first cycle losses on the individual electrodes with the gel electrolyte. Cells with a Li anode showed capacities of 160 and 78 mAh/g LiFePO4 for C/25 and 2C discharge rates, respectively. Rapid capacity and power fade were observed in the LiFePO4/gel/NG cells during cycling and calendar life studies. Diagnostic evaluations point to the consumption of cycleable Li though a side reaction as the reason for performance fade with minimal degradation of the individual electrodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - BATT program
KW  - Calendar life test
KW  - LiFePO4/gel/natural graphite cells
N1  - Accession Number: 9991238; Striebel, K. 1; Email Address: kastriebel@lbl.gov Guerfi, A. 2 Shim, J. 1 Armand, M. 3 Gauthier, M. 3 Zaghib, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec, 1800 Boul, Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Que., Canada J3X 1S1  3: Joint International Laboratory CNRS/UdM, UMR 2289, Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O Box 6128, Montreal, Que., Canada H3C 3J7; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p951; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: BATT program; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calendar life test; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiFePO4/gel/natural graphite cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00295-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991238&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shim, Joongpyo
AU  - Striebel, Kathryn A.
T1  - Cycling performance of low-cost lithium ion batteries with natural graphite and LiFePO4
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 119-121
M3  - Article
SP  - 955
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Low-cost lithium ion batteries with LiFePO4 and natural graphite were cycled in 1 M <F>LiBF4+EC</F>/DEC at 100% depth of discharge and 25 °C in order to investigate cycle performance and diagnostics for capacity fading. The 12 cm2 pouch cell showed 65% of capacity retention at 5C compared to that at C/25. The cell showed 80% of initial capacity after 80 cycles and its capacity fade rate was 11.3 μA h/cycle during constant C/2 cycling. In hybrid pulse power characterization, the discharge resistance of this cell was higher than commercial graphite/LiCoO2 cell because of low lithium diffusivity in LiFePO4. Slow rate cycling in pouch full cell showed almost 40% of capacity fade after 100 cycles. However, the 100-cycled cathode and anode did not show any capacity fading in half-cell test after disassembling full cell, suggesting that capacity fade in the full cell is caused by loss of cycleable Li. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - LiFePO4
KW  - Lithium-ion batteries
KW  - Natural graphite
N1  - Accession Number: 9991239; Shim, Joongpyo 1 Striebel, Kathryn A.; Email Address: kastriebel@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 119-121, p955; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiFePO4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural graphite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00297-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9991239&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, G. M.
AU  - Byun, S. H.
AU  - Choi, H. D.
T1  - Prompt k0-factors and relative gamma-emission intensities for the strong non-1/v absorbers 113Cd, 149Sm, 151Eu and 155,157Gd.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 256
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 552
SN  - 02365731
AB  - Prompt k0-factors relative to chlorine and relative g-emission intensities were determined for the strong non-1/v absorbers 113Cd, 149Sm, 151Eu, 155Gd and 157Gd. Measurements were performed using the SNU-KAERI prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) facility at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). For proper experimental determination of the prompt k0-factors, the effective g-factor and cadmium ratio were taken into account, in consideration of the effects from the non-1/v capture cross section and neutron spectrum in the thermal and epithermal energy region. By using the actual spectrum of the neutron beam in this study, the effective g-factor was obtained by calculation, and the influence of epithermal neutrons on the capture rate was corrected by measuring the cadmium ratio for each non-1/v target isotope. The measured prompt k0-factors were used to check the consistency between the existing dataset of the absolute g-emission intensity and the 2200 m/s capture cross section for these isotopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - RADIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - NUCLEAR chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16579887; Sun, G. M. 1; Email Address: vandegra@gong.snu.ac.kr Byun, S. H. 1 Choi, H. D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) Seoul, 151-742, Korea  2: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA in 2002; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 256 Issue 3, p541; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: RADIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gourdon, Olivier
AU  - Miller, Gordon J.
T1  - Reinvestigation of the GaMn structure and theoretical studies of its electronic and magnetic properties
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 173
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The crystal structure of the binary gallide compound GaMn is reinvestigated using X-ray diffraction. The structure is quite different from that proposed previously. Although GaMn is reported to crystallize with the Al8Cr5 structure type, space group R3m, we found that the centrosymmetric space group <f>R3¯m</f>, with <f>a=12.605(2)</f> A˚ and <f>c=8.0424(11)</f> A˚, was more accurate. Moreover, the atomic positions and the atomic displacement parameters, which are missing in the previous study, are now refined. Thereafter, band structure calculations have been performed using the TB-LMTO-ASA method to understand the electronic and magnetic properties of this compound. Analyses from the band structure, the density of states and the magnetic moments obtained using spin-polarized calculations show the stability of two different magnetic models relative to the nonmagnetic one. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - Ab initio band structure calculations
KW  - Gallium
KW  - Intermetallic compounds
KW  - Magnetism
KW  - Manganese
KW  - Spin polarization
N1  - Accession Number: 9905538; Gourdon, Olivier 1 Miller, Gordon J.; Email Address: gmiller@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3111, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 173 Issue 1, p137; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio band structure calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin polarization; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00031-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9905538&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bessinger, Brad
AU  - Cook, Neville G.W.
AU  - Myer, Larry
AU  - Nakagawa, Seiji
AU  - Nihei, Kurt
AU  - Benito, Pascual
AU  - Suarez-Rivera, Roberto
T1  - The role of compressive stresses in jointing on Vancouver Island, British Columbia
JO  - Journal of Structural Geology
JF  - Journal of Structural Geology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 983
SN  - 01918141
AB  - This study demonstrates that joint-parallel compressive stresses were integral to the development of joint sets on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The mapped study area contains paleostress indicators in the form of calcareous concretions, which have multiple, internal fractures in precisely the same orientation as one of the surrounding joint sets in the sandstone matrix. Field and laboratory tests indicate that the stiffest concretions are the most likely to be fractured; however, results from numerical simulations using measured rock properties preclude an origin for the concretion fractures from either a far-field uniaxial tensile or compressive stress. Fracturing is only found to be possible if the concretions possessed a lower Poisson''s ratio than the sandstone at the time of fracturing. In the latter case, a far-field uniaxial compressive stress may have generated tensile effective stresses in the vicinity of high modulus concretions, seeding the field site with an initial population of concretion fractures and joints. Given the close spacing of some joints, their extension cannot be satisfactorily explained without invoking grain-scale compression-driven tensile fracturing mechanisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Geology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - BRITISH Columbia
KW  - CANADA
KW  - Compressive stresses
KW  - Jointing
KW  - Paleostress indicators
N1  - Accession Number: 9097772; Bessinger, Brad 1; Email Address: brad_bessinger@urscorp.com Cook, Neville G.W. 2 Myer, Larry 3 Nakagawa, Seiji 3 Nihei, Kurt 3 Benito, Pascual 2 Suarez-Rivera, Roberto 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Water Resources, URS Corporation, 500 12th Street, Suite 200, Oakland, CA 94710, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 25 Issue 6, p983; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: BRITISH Columbia; Subject Term: CANADA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compressive stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jointing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paleostress indicators; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakagawa, Seiji
AU  - Nihei, Kurt T.
AU  - Myer, Larry R.
AU  - Majer, Ernest L.
T1  - Three-dimensional elastic wave scattering by a layer containing vertical periodic fractures.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 113
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3012
EP  - 3023
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Elastic wave scattering off a layer containing a single set of vertical periodic fractures is examined using a numerical technique based on the work of Hennion et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87, 1861-1870 (1990)]. This technique combines the finite element method and plane wave method to simulate three-dimensional scattering off a two-dimensional fractured layer structure. Each fracture is modeled explicitly, so that the model can simulate both discrete arrivals of scattered waves from individual fractures and multiply scattered waves between the fractures. Using this technique, we examine changes in scattering characteristics of plane elastic waves as a function of wave frequency, angle of incidence, and fracture properties such as fracture stiffness, height, and regular and irregular spacing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - ELASTIC waves -- Scattering
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - LAYER structure (Solids)
N1  - Accession Number: 20818723; Nakagawa, Seiji 1; Email Address: snakagawa@lbl.gov Nihei, Kurt T. 1 Myer, Larry R. 1 Majer, Ernest L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 113 Issue 6, p3012; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves -- Scattering; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: LAYER structure (Solids); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1572139
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=20818723&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scalerandi, Marco
AU  - Agostini, Valentina
AU  - Delsanto, Pier Paolo
AU  - Van Den Abeele, Koen
AU  - Johnson, Paul A.
T1  - Local interaction simulation approach to modelling nonclassical, nonlinear elastic behavior in solids.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 113
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3049
EP  - 3059
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Recent studies show that a broad category of materials share "nonclassical" nonlinear elastic behavior much different from "classical" (Landau-type) nonlinearity. Manifestations of "nonclassical" nonlinearity include stress-strain hysteresis and discrete memory in quasistatic experiments, and specific dependencies of the harmonic amplitudes with respect to the drive amplitude in dynamic wave experiments, which are remarkably different from those predicted by the classical theory. These materials have in common soft "bond" elements, where the elastic nonlinearity originates, contained in hard matter (e.g., a rock sample). The bond system normally comprises a small fraction of the total material volume, and can be localized (e.g., a crack in a solid) or distributed, as in a rock. In this paper a model is presented in which the soft elements are treated as hysteretic or reversible elastic units connected in a one-dimensional lattice to elastic elements (grains), which make up the hard matrix. Calculations are performed in the framework of the local interaction simulation approach (LISA). Experimental observations are well predicted by the model, which is now ready both for basic investigations about the physical origins of nonlinear elasticity and for applications to material damage diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 20818727; Scalerandi, Marco 1; Email Address: scalerandi@polito.it Agostini, Valentina 1 Delsanto, Pier Paolo 1 Van Den Abeele, Koen 2 Johnson, Paul A. 3; Affiliation:  1: INFM, Dip. Fisica, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy  2: Interdisciplinary Research Center, Fac. of Science, K. U. Leuven Campus Kortrijk, E. Sabbelaan 53, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Nonlinear Elasticity Group, MS D-443, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 113 Issue 6, p3049; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: MATRICES; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1570440
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=20818727&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Fumin
AU  - Byers, Matthew A.
AU  - Houk, R. S.
T1  - Tandem mass spectrometry of metal nitrate negative ions produced by electrospray ionization
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 671
SN  - 10440305
AB  - M(NO3)x− ions are generated by electrospray ionization (ESI) of metal solutions in nitric acid in negative ion mode. Collision-induced reactions of these ions are monitored in a tandem mass spectrometer (MS) of quadrupole-octopole-quadrupole (QoQ) geometry. For Group 1and 2 elements, the M(NO3)x− ions dissociate into NO3− and neutral metal nitrate molecules. These elements also form some Mx(NO3)x+1− clusters, especially Li+. Metal nitrate ions from transition elements and Group 13 elements fragment into oxo products and also undergo internal electron transfer to leave the M atom in a lower oxidation state. To calibrate the collision energy, the dissociation energy of O-NO2− is found to be 5.55 eV, about 0.76 eV lower than a value derived from thermochemistry. The product ions from Fe(NO3)4− ions have low formation thresholds of only 0.5 to 2 eV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - NITRIC acid
N1  - Accession Number: 9857082; Li, Fumin 1 Byers, Matthew A. 1 Houk, R. S. 1; Email Address: rshouk@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Ames Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p671; Subject Term: ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry; Subject Term: NITRIC acid; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00210-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerberich, W.W.
AU  - Mook, W.M.
AU  - Perrey, C.R.
AU  - Carter, C.B.
AU  - Baskes, M.I.
AU  - Mukherjee, R.
AU  - Gidwani, A.
AU  - Heberlein, J.
AU  - McMurry, P.H.
AU  - Girshick, S.L.
T1  - Superhard silicon nanospheres
JO  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
JF  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 979
SN  - 00225096
AB  - Successful deposition and mechanical probing of nearly spherical, defect-free silicon nanospheres has been accomplished. The results show silicon at this length scale to be up to four times harder than bulk silicon. Detailed measurements of plasticity evolution and the corresponding hardening response in normally brittle silicon is possible in these small volumes. Based upon a proposed length scale related to the size of nanospheres in the 20–<f>50 nm</f> radii range, a prediction of observed hardnesses in the range of 20–<f>50 GPa</f> is made. The ramifications of this to computational materials science studies on identical volumes are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - SILICON
KW  - A. Dislocations
KW  - A. Indentation and hardness
KW  - A. Strengthening and mechanisms
N1  - Accession Number: 9401602; Gerberich, W.W. 1; Email Address: wgerb@tc.umn.edu Mook, W.M. 1 Perrey, C.R. 1 Carter, C.B. 1 Baskes, M.I. 2 Mukherjee, R. 3 Gidwani, A. 3 Heberlein, J. 3 McMurry, P.H. 3 Girshick, S.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 151 Amundson Hall, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church St., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p979; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Indentation and hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Strengthening and mechanisms; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-5096(03)00018-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frank, Matthias
AU  - Friedrich, Stephan
AU  - Höhne, Jens
AU  - Jochum, Josef
T1  - Cryogenic detectors and their application to x-ray fluorescence analysis.
JO  - Journal of X-Ray Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of X-Ray Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 112
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 08953996
AB  - Cryogenic detectors are very sensitive, energy-resolving, low-threshold photon and particle detectors, which have been developed over the last decades for a variety of applications in particle physics and astrophysics. More recently, cryogenic detectors have also been applied as high-resolution, photon-counting detectors for energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRFA). Cryogenic detectors can provide an about 10 times better energy resolution for x-rays than achievable with "conventional" energy-dispersive detectors, such as HPGe and Si(Li) detectors. In this review, we give a brief introduction to cryogenic detectors (Section 1) and describe the basic operating principles and achieved performance of two types of cryogenic detectors most applicable to EDS and XRFA, superconducting tunnel junctions (Section 2) and hot-electron microcalorimeters (Section 3). In section 4 we discuss various practical aspects of using these cryogenic detectors for fluorescence applications including their operation at ultra-low temperatures close to XRF specimens at room temperature and achievable solid angle and efficiency. In Section 5 we present results from selected recent EDS and XRF experiments performed with cryogenic detectors and discuss their applications in semiconductor microanalysis and in fluorescence-detected absorption spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of X-Ray Science & Technology is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10717172; Frank, Matthias 1 Friedrich, Stephan 1 Höhne, Jens 2 Jochum, Josef 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94550, USA  2: Vericold Technologies GmbH, D-80331 Munich, Germany  3: Technische Universität München, Physik Department, D-85747 Garching, Germany; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p83; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pàmies, Josep C.
AU  - McCabe, Clare
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
AU  - Vega, Lourdes F.
T1  - Coexistence Densities of Methane and Propane by Canonical Molecular Dynamics and Gibbs Ensemble Monte Carlo Simulations.
JO  - Molecular Simulation
JF  - Molecular Simulation
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 29
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 08927022
AB  - Investigates coexistence densities of methane and propane by canonical molecular dynamics and Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations.  Computational advantages and drawbacks of both simulations; Description of n-alkanes through the TraPPE-UA force field.
KW  - METHANE
KW  - PROPANE
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - GIBBS' free energy
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 10725022; Pàmies, Josep C. 1 McCabe, Clare 2 Cummings, Peter T. 3,4 Vega, Lourdes F. 1; Email Address: lvega@etseq.urv.es; Affiliation:  1: Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSEQ, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 29 Issue 6/7, p1; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: PROPANE; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: GIBBS' free energy; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dattelbaum
AU  - A. M.
AU  - Amweg
AU  - M. L.
AU  - Ecke
AU  - L. E.
AU  - Yee
AU  - C. K.
AU  - Shreve
AU  - A. P.
AU  - Parikh
AU  - A. N.
T1  - Photochemical Pattern Transfer and Enhancement of Thin Film Silica Mesophases.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 719
EP  - 722
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Here we present a spatially directed calcination approach based on masked UV exposure to pattern mesoporous regions within a mesostructured matrix in a rapid, single-step, and inexpensive manner. Subsequent chemical treatment of the film can selectively remove the mesostructured regions, leading to patterned mesoporous structures. Such tunability in the processing under near room-temperature conditions allows for spatial control and patterning of function related to optical properties, topology, porosity, hydrophobicity, and structural morphology of the mesoscopic thin film material on a wide range of substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 11996659; Dattelbaum A. M. 1 Amweg M. L. 1 Ecke L. E. 1 Yee C. K. 1 Shreve A. P. 1 Parikh A. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 3 Issue 6, p719; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrenkiel
AU  - S. P.
AU  - Micic
AU  - O. I.
AU  - Miedaner
AU  - A.
AU  - Curtis
AU  - C. J.
AU  - Nedeljkovic
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Nozik
AU  - A. J.
T1  - Synthesis and Characterization of Colloidal InP Quantum Rods.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 833
EP  - 837
SN  - 15306984
AB  - InP nanorods and nanowires in the diameter range of 30-300 Å and 100-1000 Å in length were synthesized. For the preparation of nanorods, we used an organometallic precursor that decomposes thermally into InP and In metal particles. The latter serves as a nucleation catalyst for the growth of the semiconductor. Quantum rods of zinc blende structure with a high degree of crystallinity are grown along the (111) crystallographic planes. The absorption spectrum of InP nanorods with diameter of about 30 Å and 100-300 Å in length is in the visible spectral regime, suggesting a substantial blue shift with respect to the bulk (band gap 1.35 eV) that is due to size confinement. Moreover, the Stokes shift of the emission band in the quantum rods is substantially larger than the shift in the corresponding quantum dots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry)
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - QUANTUM dots
N1  - Accession Number: 11996682; Ahrenkiel S. P. 1 Micic O. I. 1 Miedaner A. 1 Curtis C. J. 1 Nedeljkovic J. M. 1 Nozik A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 3 Issue 6, p833; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry); Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stach
AU  - E. A.
AU  - Pauzauskie
AU  - P. J.
AU  - Kuykendall
AU  - T.
AU  - Goldberger
AU  - J.
AU  - He
AU  - R.
AU  - Yang
AU  - P.
T1  - Watching GaN Nanowires Grow.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 867
EP  - 869
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We report real-time high temperature transmission electron microscopy observations of the growth of GaN nanowires via a self-catalytic vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism. High temperature thermal decomposition of GaN in a vacuum yields nanoscale Ga liquid droplets and gallium/nitrogen vapor species for the subsequent GaN nanowire nucleation and growth. This is the first direct observation of self-catalytic growth of nanowires via the VLS mechanism and suggests new strategies for synthesizing electronically pure single-crystalline semiconductor nanowires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11996689; Stach E. A. 1 Pauzauskie P. J. 1 Kuykendall T. 1 Goldberger J. 1 He R. 1 Yang P. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 3 Issue 6, p867; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenyon, Garrett T.
AU  - Travis, Bryan J.
AU  - Marshak, David W.
T1  - Role of synaptic feedback and intrinsic voltage-gated currents in shaping cone light responses
JO  - Neurocomputing
JF  - Neurocomputing
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 52-54
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 09252312
AB  - A model of the outer primate retina was used to investigate how cone light responses could be shaped by both synaptic feedback from horizontal cells and intrinsic voltage-gated conductances. Published data was used to estimate the photoconductance, convergence/divergence ratios, synaptic transfer functions, passive membrane properties and voltage-gated conductances, the latter using a Levenberg–Marquardt search algorithm. When the cone resting potential was sufficiently depolarized, synaptic feedback from horizontal cells could account for the flash response measured experimentally. Voltage-gated conductances were not significantly activated during the flash response but rather maintained the cone membrane potential inside a narrow physiological range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neurocomputing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RETINA
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Horizontal cell
KW  - Outer plexiform layer
KW  - Retina
N1  - Accession Number: 9899959; Kenyon, Garrett T. 1,2; Email Address: gkenyon@lanl.gov Travis, Bryan J. 2,3 Marshak, David W. 4; Affiliation:  1: P-21 Biophysics, MS D454, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: EES-6 Geological Processes, Simulation, and Modeling, MS T003, USA  4: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 52-54, p125; Subject Term: RETINA; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Horizontal cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Outer plexiform layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Retina; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-2312(02)00790-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, C.
AU  - Baxter, A.
AU  - McEachern, D.
AU  - Fikani, M.
AU  - Venneri, F.
T1  - Deep-Burn: making nuclear waste transmutation practical
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 222
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 00295493
AB  - In the Deep-Burn concept, destruction of the transuranic component of light water reactor (LWR) waste is carried out in one burn-up cycle, accomplishing the virtually complete destruction of weapons-usable materials (Plutonium-239), and up to 90% of all transuranic waste, including the near totality of Neptunium-237 (the most mobile actinide in the repository environment) and its precursor, Americium-241.Waste destruction would be performed rapidly, without multiple reprocessing of plutonium, thus eliminating the risks of repeated handling of weapons-usable material and limiting the generation of secondary waste. There appears to be no incentive in continuing the destruction of waste beyond this level.An essential feature of the Deep-Burn Transmuter is the use of ceramic-coated fuel particles that provide very strong containment and are highly resistant to irradiation, thereby allowing very extensive destruction levels (“Deep Burn”) in the one pass, using gas-cooled modular helium reactor (MHR) technology developed for high-efficiency energy production. The fixed moderator (graphite) and neutronically transparent coolant (helium) provide a unique neutron energy spectrum to cause Deep-Burn, and inherent safety features, specific to the destruction of nuclear waste, that are not found in any other design.Deep-Burn technology could be available for deployment in a relatively short time, thus contributing effectively to waste problem solutions. Extensive modeling effort has led to conceptual Deep-Burn designs that can achieve high waste destruction levels (70% in critical mode, 90% in with a supplemental subcritical step) within the operational envelope of commercial MHR operation, including long refueling intervals and the highly efficient production of energy (approximately 50%). To the plant operator, a Deep-Burn Transmuter will be identical to its commercial reactor counterpart. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT water reactors
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
N1  - Accession Number: 9602802; Rodriguez, C. 1; Email Address: Carmelo.Rodriguez@gat.com Baxter, A. 1 McEachern, D. 1 Fikani, M. 1 Venneri, F. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92186, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 222 Issue 2/3, p299; Subject Term: LIGHT water reactors; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0029-5493(03)00034-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fink, C.L.
AU  - Smith, D.L.
AU  - Micklich, B.J.
AU  - Massey, T.N.
T1  - Gamma rays produced by 1.75- to 4-MeV proton bombardment of thick aluminum targets
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In the few-MeV energy range below the (p,n) threshold, gamma rays are produced from proton bombardment of aluminum via the 27Al(p,p′<f>γ</f>)27Al, 27Al(<f>p,α,γ</f>)24Mg, and 27Al(<f>p,γ</f>)28Si reactions. Thick-target <f>γ</f>-ray yield data are important for various applications, including radiation shielding near accelerators and <f>γ</f>-ray background interference in experiments that focus on other materials. We measured p+Al <f>γ</f>-ray spectra over the photon energy range 0.5–15 MeV and at 0° and 90° laboratory angle relative to the incident proton beam. In the experiment, mono-energetic proton beams of 1.75, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 MeV irradiated thick stopping targets of pure aluminum. The resulting gamma rays were detected by 7.62×7.62 cm2 NaI scintillation detectors. The spectra were unfolded using detector response functions calculated with the Monte Carlo code MCNP-4C. We report <f>γ</f>-ray spectra and tabulated <f>γ</f>-ray yields that can be used in applications that involve protons incident on thick aluminum targets at energies &les;4 MeV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - High energy photons
KW  - Thick target photon yield
N1  - Accession Number: 9918781; Fink, C.L. 1 Smith, D.L. 1 Micklich, B.J. 1; Email Address: bjmicklich@anl.gov Massey, T.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Technology Development Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p5; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: High energy photons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thick target photon yield; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01007-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wallace, Steven
AU  - Stephan, Andrew C.
AU  - Womble, Phillip C.
AU  - Begtrup, Gavi
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - Spectra of fast neutrons using a lithiated glass film on silicon
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Experimental results of a neutron detector manufactured by coating a silicon charged particle detector with a film of lithiated glass are presented. The silicon surface barrier detector (SBD) responds to the 6Li(n, alpha)triton reaction products generated in the thin film of lithiated glass entering the SBD. Neutron spectral information is present in the pulse height spectrum. An energy response is seen that clearly shows that neutrons from a Pu–Be source and from a deuterium–tritium (D–T) pulsed neutron generator can be differentiated and counted above a gamma background. The significant result is that the fissile content within a container can be measured using a pulsed D–T neutron generator using the neutrons that are counted in the interval between the pulses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - SILICON
KW  - D–T neutron generator
KW  - Differential die-away detection
KW  - Fast neutron detector
KW  - Lithiated sol–gel glass
KW  - Pu–Be source
N1  - Accession Number: 9918784; Wallace, Steven 1; Email Address: truassayist1@aol.com Stephan, Andrew C. 2 Womble, Phillip C. 3 Begtrup, Gavi 3 Dai, Sheng 4; Affiliation:  1: Neutron Sciences, Inc., Knoxville, TN 37932, USA  2: Nuclear Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300, USA  3: Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p16; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: D–T neutron generator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential die-away detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast neutron detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithiated sol–gel glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pu–Be source; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01010-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918784&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertz, K.L.
AU  - Hilton, N.R.
AU  - Lund, J.C.
AU  - Van Scyoc, J.M.
T1  - Alpha-emitting radioisotopes for switchable neutron generators
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Traditionally, radioisotopic neutron generators mix an alpha-emitting radioisotope with beryllium. The disadvantage of such an alpha–Be source is that they emit neutrons at a steady rate even when stored. These conventional generators are extremely awkward to use in many applications because of the neutron shielding required to prevent exposure to personnel and sensitive electronics. Recently, at our laboratory and others, the possibility of using switchable radioactive neutron sources has been investigated. These sources rely on a mechanical operation to separate the alpha-emitting radioisotope from the Be target, thus allowing the source to be switched on and off. The utility of these new switchable sources is critically dependent on the selection of the alpha-emitting radioisotope. In this paper we discuss issues that determine the desirability of an alpha-emitting source for a switchable neutron generator, and select alpha emitters that are best suited for use in this application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - Neutron source
KW  - Radioisotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 9918791; Hertz, K.L.; Email Address: klhertz@sandia.gov Hilton, N.R. 1 Lund, J.C. 1 Van Scyoc, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9402, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p41; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioisotopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01016-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918791&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Lurgio, Patrick M.
AU  - Klann, Raymond T.
AU  - Fink, Charles L.
AU  - McGregor, Douglas S.
AU  - Thiyagarajan, Pappannan
AU  - Naday, Istvan
T1  - A neutron detector to monitor the intensity of transmitted neutrons for small-angle neutron scattering instruments
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A semiconductor-based neutron detector was developed at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) for use as a neutron beam monitor for small-angle neutron scattering instruments. The detector is constructed using a coating of 10B on a gallium–arsenide semiconductor detector and is mounted directly within a cylindrical (2.2 cm dia. and 4.4 cm long) enriched 10B4C beam stop in the time-of-flight Small Angle Neutron Diffractometer (SAND) instrument at the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) facility at ANL. The neutron beam viewed by the SAND is from a pulsed spallation source moderated by a solid methane moderator that produces useful neutrons in the wavelength range of 0.5–14 A˚. The SAND instrument uses all detected neutrons in the above wavelength range sorted by time-of-flight into 68 constant <f>ΔT/T=0.05</f> channels. This new detector continuously monitors the transmitted neutron beam through the sample during scattering measurements and takes data concurrently with the other detectors in the instrument. The 10B coating on the GaAs detector allows the detection of the cold neutron spectrum with reasonable efficiency. This paper describes the details of the detector fabrication, the beam stop monitor design, and includes a discussion of results from preliminary tests using the detector during several run cycles at the IPNS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - THERMAL neutrons
KW  - Detector
KW  - GaAs
KW  - Solid state
KW  - Thermal nuetron
KW  - Transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 9918792; De Lurgio, Patrick M. 1; Email Address: delurgio@anl.gov Klann, Raymond T. 1 Fink, Charles L. 1 McGregor, Douglas S. 2 Thiyagarajan, Pappannan 1 Naday, Istvan 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60561, USA  2: Kansas State University, 151 Rathbone Hall,Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p46; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: THERMAL neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal nuetron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01017-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918792&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belian, Anthony P.
AU  - Browne, Michael C.
AU  - Clay, William
AU  - Ensslin, Norbert
AU  - Geist, William
AU  - Nguyen, Ha
AU  - Ianakiev, Kiril
AU  - Mayo, Douglas
AU  - Panowski, Siler
AU  - Russo, Phyllis
T1  - An approach to multiplicity counting for a versatile new sensor for plutonium assay with a very short die-away time, and independent measurements of neutrons and gamma rays
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A unique detector design incorporating a 6Li-based capture medium, ZnS scintillator, and wavelength shifting optical fibers is the basis of a new neutron coincidence counter for measurements of plutonium in highly impure residues. The sensor elements have a high efficiency for detecting neutrons and exhibit excellent gamma-ray discrimination based on pulse-shape analysis. The short die-away time of the counter that is based on these detector elements allows coincidence-gate settings shorter than 10 μs. This qualifies the technology for measurements of materials with high yields of uncorrelated neutrons from 241Am(α,n) reactions. The characteristics of the new neutron counter will be illustrated with test data from measurements of plutonium, 252Cf, and gamma-ray sources. The integrated electronics design of the new detector also permits the simultaneous but independent measurement of both neutrons and gamma rays. Recent test results that illustrate some unique applications of the sensor''s versatility will also be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Assay
KW  - Coincidence
KW  - Directional
KW  - Multiplicity
KW  - Neutron
KW  - Plutonium
N1  - Accession Number: 9918794; Belian, Anthony P.; Email Address: abelian@lanl.gov Browne, Michael C. 1 Clay, William 1 Ensslin, Norbert 1 Geist, William 1 Nguyen, Ha 1 Ianakiev, Kiril 1 Mayo, Douglas 1 Panowski, Siler 1 Russo, Phyllis 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NIS-5, P.O. Box 1663, MS E-540, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p54; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coincidence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Directional; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiplicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01019-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918794&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shah, K.S.
AU  - Glodo, J.
AU  - Klugerman, M.
AU  - Cirignano, L.
AU  - Moses, W.W.
AU  - Derenzo, S.E.
AU  - Weber, M.J.
T1  - LaCl3:Ce scintillator for γ-ray detection
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In this paper, we report on a relatively new cerium-doped scintillator—LaCl3 for γ-ray spectroscopy. Crystals of this scintillator have been grown using Bridgman method. This material when doped with 10% cerium has high light output (∼50,000 photons/MeV) and fast principal decay time constant (∼20 ns). Furthermore, it shows excellent energy resolution for γ-ray detection. For example, energy resolution as low as 3.2% (FWHM) has been achieved with 662 keV photons (137Cs source) at room temperature. Also, high timing resolution (264 ps—FWHM) has been recorded with LaCl3-PMT and BaF2-PMT detectors operating in coincidence using 511 keV positron annihilation γ-ray pairs. Details of crystal growth, scintillation properties, and variation of these properties with cerium concentration are also reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - γ
KW  - -detection
KW  - LaCl3:Ce
KW  - Rare-earth trihalides
KW  - Scintillation crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 9918799; Shah, K.S. 1; Email Address: kshah@rmdinc.com Glodo, J. 1 Klugerman, M. 1 Cirignano, L. 1 Moses, W.W. 2 Derenzo, S.E. 2 Weber, M.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Radiation Monitoring Devices, Watertown, MA 02472, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p76; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: CERIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: -detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: LaCl3:Ce; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare-earth trihalides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01024-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918799&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Derenzo, S.E.
AU  - Weber, M.J.
AU  - Bourret-Courchesne, E.
AU  - Klintenberg, M.K.
T1  - The quest for the ideal inorganic scintillator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The past half century has witnessed the discovery of many new inorganic scintillator materials and numerous advances in our understanding of the basic physical processes governing the transformation of ionizing radiation into scintillation light. Whereas scintillators are available with a good combination of physical properties, none provides the desired combination of stopping power, light output, and decay time. A review of the numerous scintillation mechanisms of known inorganic scintillators reveals why none of them is both bright and fast. The mechanisms of radiative recombination in wide-band gap direct semiconductors, however, remain relatively unexploited for scintillators. We describe how suitably doped semiconductor scintillators could provide a combination of high light output, short decay time, and linearity of response that approach fundamental limits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Scintillation mechanisms
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - Semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 9918807; Derenzo, S.E.; Email Address: sederenzo@lbl.gov Weber, M.J. 1 Bourret-Courchesne, E. 1 Klintenberg, M.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail stop 55-121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p111; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01031-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918807&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tindall, C.
AU  - Hau, I.D.
AU  - Luke, P.N.
T1  - Evaluation of Si(Li) detectors for use in Compton telescopes
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 130
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Si(Li) detectors are currently being developed for use in large Compton telescopes. A major advantage of silicon when compared with germanium is its ability to operate at significantly higher temperatures. To determine the feasibility of using Si(Li) detectors in a Compton telescope, their performance as a function of temperature has been studied. We present leakage current, noise data and gamma-ray spectral performance at various temperatures for single 6-mm-thick planar devices. It has been determined that for detectors without a guard ring, the noise began to rise significantly around 210 K. Adding a guard ring improved the leakage current by about an order of magnitude and reduced the total noise (detector plus electronics) by about 25%. The noise of the detectors with ∼130 mm2 area and a guard ring did not exceed our performance goal of 2 keV FWHM until the temperature was approximately 240 K. For 122 keV gamma rays, no evidence of ballistic deficit was seen at 8 μs peaking time and bias voltages corresponding to an internal electric field of ∼1150 V/cm. Some evidence of ballistic deficit was seen for 662 keV gamma rays at temperatures above 220 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - Advanced Compton telescope
KW  - Gamma-ray spectroscopy
KW  - Lithium-drifted silicon
KW  - Si(Li) detectors
KW  - Si(Li) strip detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 9918812; Tindall, C. 1; Email Address: cstindall@lbl.gov Hau, I.D. 1,2 Luke, P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p130; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced Compton telescope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-drifted silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si(Li) detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si(Li) strip detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01035-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918812&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hau, I.D.
AU  - Tindall, C.
AU  - Luke, P.N.
T1  - New contact development for Si(Li) orthogonal-strip detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 148
SN  - 01689002
AB  - At present, the contacts generally used for lithium-drifted silicon detectors consist of a diffused lithium layer (n-type) and a gold surface barrier (p-type). These contacts work well for unsegmented detectors. However, they both have disadvantages if used for segmented detectors. For this reason, we are developing new types of contacts that will be more robust and easier to segment. To replace the lithium n-type contact, we are using a thin layer of amorphous silicon (<f>α</f>-Si) with metalization on top. The new p-type contact consists of boron implanted into the silicon and annealed at the relatively low temperature of 500°C. The implantation and annealing is carried out as the first step in the process, prior to lithium drifting. Detectors have been fabricated using the new contacts both with and without a guard ring. They performed as well as detectors with standard contacts at operating temperatures between 80 and 240 K. We will present data on the leakage current vs. temperature, isolation resistance between the guard ring and the center contact versus temperature and bias voltage, electronic noise and energy resolution versus temperature, as well as 57Co spectra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Amorphous silicon contact
KW  - Boron implanted contact
KW  - Gamma-ray detector
KW  - Lithium drift silicon
KW  - Orthogonal-strip detector
KW  - Thermal annealing
N1  - Accession Number: 9918816; Hau, I.D. 1,2 Tindall, C. 1; Email Address: cstindall@lbl.gov Luke, P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p148; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon contact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron implanted contact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium drift silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orthogonal-strip detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal annealing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01039-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918816&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, E.F.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Amman, J.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Fischer, S.M.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Khoo, T.L.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - Mukherjee, G.
AU  - Nisius, D.
AU  - Sangsingkeow, P.
AU  - Sienko, T.
AU  - Truett, B.
AU  - Underwood, T.A.
T1  - Development of a Gamma-Ray Box (GARBO)
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Isomer decays, β–γ and electron–γ spectroscopy, α–γ fine structure studies, and Coulomb excitation are cases of nuclear structure experiments where the ideal detector is a compact, highly segmented, very efficient germanium (Ge) detector box. In order to develop such a structure, we are working on the R&D of large, segmented, high-purity planar Ge strip detectors (HPGeDSSD) which form the walls of such a box. We have developed a 92 mm×92 mm×20 mm HPGeDSSD, which has 16×16 orthogonal strips of 5 mm width. We are in the process of designing a focal plane detector for the Argonne fragment mass analyzer which consists of a five-sided box, each side having a HPGeDSSD backed by a large segmented clover HPGe detector. MCNP simulations indicate this detector would have an efficiency of ∼60% for 122 keV gamma rays and ∼15% for 1.33 MeV radiation, which is ideal for studying the decays of nuclei far from stability that are usually produced with very low cross-sections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - Gamma-ray spectroscopy
KW  - Germanium detectors
KW  - Monte-Carlo simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 9918819; Moore, E.F. 1; Email Address: efmoore@anl.gov Ahmad, I. 1 Amman, J. 2 Carpenter, M.P. 1 Fischer, S.M. 2 Janssens, R.V.F. 1 Khoo, T.L. 1 Lauritsen, T. 1 Lister, C.J. 1 Mukherjee, G. 1 Nisius, D. 3 Sangsingkeow, P. 4 Sienko, T. 5 Truett, B. 5 Underwood, T.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA  3: BIR, 425 Barclay Blvd., Lincolnshire, IL 60069, USA  4: Ortec, 100 Midland Rd., Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Department of Physics and Chemistry, Purdue University, Hammond, IN 46323, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p163; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte-Carlo simulations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01042-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918819&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becker, J.A.
AU  - Cork, C.P.
AU  - Fabris, L.
AU  - Madden, N.W.
T1  - Portable, low-power, mechanically cooled Ge spectrometer
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A light-weight portable mechanically cooled <f>γ</f>-ray spectrometer has been constructed and tested. The spectrometer is based on a high-purity n-type Ge coaxial crystal, ∼5 cm long×5 cm diameter, a small, low-power Stirling cycle microcooler, and a low-power custom electronics package. The energy resolution of the spectrometer is ∼3.5 keV at <f>Eγ=662</f> keV, the power requirements are ∼15 W DC, and the combined weight of the Ge, housing, and controller is approximately 10 pounds. The spectrometer qualifies therefore as “hand held”. It is suitable for field operations, because of its light-weight, low-power draw, and operational lifetime. The microcooler itself has a MTBF >30,000 h, and the spectrometer runs for several months (at least 6) before a 2 day recycle is required. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometer
KW  - GERMANIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 9918820; Becker, J.A. 1; Email Address: jabecker@llnl.gov Cork, C.P. 2 Fabris, L. 2 Madden, N.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p167; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometer; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01043-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918820&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simões, P.C.P.S.
AU  - Covita, D.S.
AU  - Veloso, J.F.C.A.
AU  - dos Santos, J.M.F.
AU  - Morgado, R.E.
T1  - A new method for pulse analysis of driftless-gas proportional scintillation counters
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new method for pulse analysis of driftless-gas proportional scintillation counters (GPSCs) is presented. With this method the requirement for additional analog or digital signal time-analysis and pulse-amplitude correction currently used is eliminated. In contrast to conventional- and driftless-GPSCs that have always relied on long shaping-time constants (several μs), the use of very short linear amplifier shaping-time constants (∼50 ns) enables pulse shapes to closely represent the scintillation light-pulse time-profile. Since the number of detected photons in the photosensor increases continuously with depth due to the increase in the solid angle subtended by the photosensor, a maximum is achieved when the primary electron cloud is closest to the anode. This maximum depends only on the number of primary electrons in that cloud, regardless of where the X-ray absorption took place, and is proportional to the X-ray energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - XENON
KW  - Driftless
KW  - Gas proportional scintillation counters
KW  - Pulse analysis
KW  - Xenon gaseous detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 9918841; Simões, P.C.P.S. 1 Covita, D.S. 1 Veloso, J.F.C.A. 1 dos Santos, J.M.F. 1; Email Address: jmf@gian.fis.uc.pt Morgado, R.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física da Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p247; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: XENON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Driftless; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas proportional scintillation counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon gaseous detectors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01062-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918841&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popov, Vladimir
T1  - Design and study of photomultiplier pulse-shaping amplifier powered by the current flowing through a voltage divider
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 316
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new version of Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) pulse amplifier, entirely powered by the current flowing through the base voltage divider, was designed and tested. This amplifier was designed for application in the JLAB G0 Experiment E00-006 as a part of high voltage base for XP2262 Photonis PMT. According to JLAB G0 experiment requirement, these PMT''s operate with plastic scintillators at high counting rate (about MHz). Tests in JLAB experimental Hall C indicate that low energy gamma background cause up to 0.1 mA of PMT average anode current (without amplifier). At this radiation condition, PMT gain decreases by 50% within about 1 month of operation. The amplifier needs to reduce PMT anode current and to shape PMT anode pulse prior to sending it through a long cable line (more then 400 ft of RG-213 and RG-58 coax cables). Shaping of the PMT output pulse helps to reduce attenuation effect of the long cable line without significant reduction of timing accuracy. The results of this study of designed amplifier and PMT plus amplifier system are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - PULSE amplifiers
KW  - Amplifier
KW  - Cherenkov detectors
KW  - Photomultipliers
N1  - Accession Number: 9918856; Popov, Vladimir 1; Email Address: popov@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: The Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab.)<fn id="fn1">The Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-84ER40150.</fn>, Newport News, VG 23606, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p316; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Subject Term: PULSE amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amplifier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photomultipliers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01076-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918856&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, L. Eric
AU  - Aalseth, Craig E.
AU  - Hossbach, Todd W.
AU  - Miley, Harry S.
AU  - Perkins, Richard W.
AU  - Ellis, J. Edward
T1  - Development of portable multicoincidence radionuclide analysis systems
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 320
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Multicoincidence radionuclide analysis systems consisting of light-charged-particle detectors operating in coincidence with photon spectrometers are being developed to improve the sensitivity of radionuclide analysis in field applications. Requiring charged-particle/photon coincidence provides active shielding from environmental photon sources, and mapping photon–photon events into a coincidence plane can remove photon spectroscopy interferences. List-mode data acquisition and flexible hardware design ensures that the most sensitive coincidence schemes involving β, atomic electron, γ and X-ray emissions can be used for radionuclide quantification. System hardware design and preliminary measurement data are discussed. A centerpiece component of this project, the development of analysis tools and data libraries required to perform automated multicoincidence analysis, is also described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - Coincidence systems
KW  - Environmental sampling
KW  - Nuclear forensics
KW  - Radionuclides analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9918857; Smith, L. Eric; Email Address: eric.smith@pnl.gov Aalseth, Craig E. 1 Hossbach, Todd W. 1 Miley, Harry S. 1 Perkins, Richard W. 1 Ellis, J. Edward 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p320; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coincidence systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear forensics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclides analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01077-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918857&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Mark A.
AU  - Rooney, Brian D.
AU  - Dinwiddie, Derek R.
AU  - Brunson, Glen S.
T1  - Analysis of digital timing methods with BaF2 scintillators
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 324
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Various digital methods were examined for determining the relative arrival times of pulses from to 5.08×2.54 cm BaF2 scintillators. In this study, pulses from the photomultiplier tubes were digitized by a 1 Gs/s analog-to-digital converter and post processed with multiple techniques. These techniques include: (1) leading edge discrimination, (2) moment-analysis, (3) constant-fraction discrimination, (4) digital constant-fraction discrimination, (5) triangular pulse shaping with a leading edge linear regression, and (6) pulse-shape fitting. Average timing resolutions of 456±8 ps were obtained with constant-fraction discrimination, which is slightly higher than the analog average resolution of 419±7 ps. This study explores the application of these digital techniques for pulse-timing applications and their potential advantages and limitations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - Constant-fraction discrimination
KW  - Digital pulse timing
KW  - Digital signal timing
KW  - Pulse shape fitting
N1  - Accession Number: 9918858; Nelson, Mark A.; Email Address: manelson@lanl.gov Rooney, Brian D. 1 Dinwiddie, Derek R. 1 Brunson, Glen S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p324; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Constant-fraction discrimination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital pulse timing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital signal timing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse shape fitting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01078-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918858&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O’Connor, P.
AU  - De Geronimo, G.
AU  - Kandasamy, A.
T1  - Amplitude and time measurement ASIC with analog derandomization
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A versatile 32-channel ASIC has been developed for accurate processing of high-rate pulse signals from highly segmented detectors. In contrast to conventional approaches, this circuit affords a dramatic reduction in data volume through the use of analog techniques (precision peak detectors and time-to-amplitude converters) together with fast arbitration and sequencing logic to concentrate the data before digitization. In operation the circuit functions like a data-driven analog first-in, first-out (FIFO) memory between the preamplifiers and the ADC. Peak amplitudes of pulses arriving at any one of the 32 inputs are sampled, stored, and queued for readout and digitization through a single output port. Hit timing, pulse risetime, and channel address are also available at the output.Prototype chips have been fabricated in 0.35 μm CMOS and tested. Amplitude accuracy of the peak detect and hold circuit is 0.2% (absolute) and 0.04% (nonlinearity) for signals within 0.3 V of either supply rail. Time walk is below 5 ns, droop rate is 250 mV/s, and power consumption is less than 2 mW/channel at pulse rates up to 500 kHz per channel. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - CMOS
KW  - Derandomizer
KW  - Peak detector
KW  - Time-to-amplitude converter
N1  - Accession Number: 9918865; O’Connor, P.; Email Address: poc@bnl.gov De Geronimo, G. 1 Kandasamy, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p352; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Derandomizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-to-amplitude converter; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01095-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918865&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moss, Calvin E.
AU  - Frankle, Christen M.
AU  - Litvinenko, Vladimir N.
AU  - Weller, Henry R.
T1  - Recent results using the high intensity γ-ray source facility
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe the high intensity γ-ray source, which produces nearly monoenergetic γ-ray beams with energies ranging from 2 to 58 MeV, intensities of 105–5×108 <f>γ/s</f>, and 100% linear polarization. Upgrades of the facility are in progress to increase the energy range and intensity. To illustrate some of the present capabilities of the facility, we describe the measurement of total photon attenuation cross-sections to ±0.5% in the energy range 3.451–14 MeV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray sources
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - γ
KW  - -ray beam
KW  - Electron storage ring
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - Nuclear resonance fluorescence
KW  - Photodisintegration
KW  - Photon cross-sections
N1  - Accession Number: 9918870; Moss, Calvin E. 1; Email Address: cmoss@lanl.gov Frankle, Christen M. 1 Litvinenko, Vladimir N. 2 Weller, Henry R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Mail Stop J562, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: FEL Laboratory, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0308, USA  3: TUNL and Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0308, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p374; Subject Term: GAMMA ray sources; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: -ray beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron storage ring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear resonance fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photodisintegration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon cross-sections; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01100-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918870&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodring, Mitchell
AU  - Beddingfield, David
AU  - Souza, David
AU  - Entine, Gerald
AU  - Squillante, Michael
AU  - Christian, James
AU  - Kogan, Alex
T1  - Advanced multi-dimensional imaging of gamma-ray radiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The tracking of radiation contamination and distribution has become a high-priority US DOE task. To support DOE needs, Radiation Monitoring Devices Inc. has been actively carrying out research and development on a gamma-radiation imager, RadCam <f>2000TM</f>. The imager is based upon a position-sensitive PMT coupled to a scintillator near a MURA coded aperture. The modulated gamma flux detected by the PSPMT is mathematically decoded to produce images that are computer displayed in near real time. Additionally, we have developed a data-manipulation scheme which allows a multi-dimensional data array, comprised of <f>x</f> position, <f>y</f> position, and energy, to be used in the imaging process. In the imager software a gate can be set on a specific isotope energy to reveal where in the field of view the gated data lies or, conversely, a gate can be set on an area in the field of view to examine what isotopes are present in that area. This process is complicated by the FFT decoding process used with the coded aperture; however, we have achieved excellent performance and results are presented here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - Coded aperture
KW  - Data cube
KW  - Gamma ray
KW  - IMAGE2000
KW  - Imager
KW  - MURA
KW  - RadCam2000
KW  - Radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 9918881; Woodring, Mitchell 1; Email Address: mwoodring@rmdinc.com Beddingfield, David 2 Souza, David 3 Entine, Gerald 1 Squillante, Michael 1 Christian, James 1 Kogan, Alex 1; Affiliation:  1: Instrument Research and Development Group, Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc., 44 Hunt Street, Watertown, MA 01824, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, MS E540, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Daddenmark Software, 24419 Thunderbird Drive, Chugiak, AK 99567, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p415; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coded aperture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data cube; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: IMAGE2000; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imager; Author-Supplied Keyword: MURA; Author-Supplied Keyword: RadCam2000; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01111-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918881&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ziock, Klaus P.
AU  - Burks, M.T.
AU  - Craig, W.
AU  - Fabris, L.
AU  - Hull, E.L.
AU  - Madden, N.W.
T1  - Real-time generation of images with pixel-by-pixel spectra for a coded aperture imager with high spectral resolution
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The capabilities of a coded aperture imager are significantly enhanced when a detector with excellent energy resolution is used. We are constructing such an imager with a 1.1 cm thick, crossed-strip, planar detector which has 38 strips of 2 mm pitch in each dimension followed by a large coaxial detector. Full value from this system is obtained only when the images are “fully deconvolved” meaning that the energy spectrum is available from each pixel in the image. The large number of energy bins associated with the spectral resolution of the detector, and the fixed pixel size, present significant computational challenges in generating an image in a timely manner at the conclusion of a data acquisition. The long computation times currently preclude the generation of intermediate images during the acquisition itself. We have solved this problem by building the images on-line as each event comes in using pre-imaged arrays of the system response. The generation of these arrays and the use of fractional mask-to-detector pixel sampling is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM diodes
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - 07.05.Pj
KW  - Coded aperture
KW  - Gamma-ray imaging
KW  - Germanium detector
KW  - Orthogonal strip
KW  - Position sensing
KW  - Strip detector
N1  - Accession Number: 9918882; Ziock, Klaus P. 1; Email Address: ziockl@llnl.gov Burks, M.T. 2 Craig, W. 1 Fabris, L. 2 Hull, E.L. 2 Madden, N.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p420; Subject Term: GERMANIUM diodes; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Pj; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coded aperture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orthogonal strip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strip detector; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01112-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918882&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Micklich, B.J.
AU  - Smith, D.L.
AU  - Massey, T.N.
AU  - Fink, C.L.
AU  - Ingram, D.
T1  - FIGARO: detecting nuclear materials using high-energy gamma-rays
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 466
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The potential diversion of nuclear materials is a major international concern. Fissile (e.g., U, Pu) and other nuclear materials (e.g., D, Be) can be detected using 6–7 MeV gamma-rays produced in the 19F(p,αγ) 16O reaction. These gamma-rays can induce neutron emission via photoneutron and photofission processes in nuclear materials. However, they are not energetic enough to generate significant numbers of neutrons from common benign materials. Neutrons are counted using an array of BF3 tubes in a polyethylene moderator. A strong increase in neutron count rates is seen when irradiating depleted uranium, Be, D2O, and 6Li, with little or no increase for other materials (e.g., H2O, SS, Cu, Al, C, 7Li). Experiments using both photon and neutron shielding show that the technique is resistant to countermeasures. We have reduced the neutron background from proton beam reactions (thus increasing the system''s sensitivity) and have tested a high-current gas cell which should be capable of operating at proton beam currents of up to 100 μA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR chemistry
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - Gamma-rays
KW  - Low-energy proton accelerator
KW  - Nuclear materials detection
KW  - Photofission
N1  - Accession Number: 9918894; Micklich, B.J. 1; Email Address: bjmicklich@anl.gov Smith, D.L. 1 Massey, T.N. 2 Fink, C.L. 1 Ingram, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Technology Development Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p466; Subject Term: NUCLEAR chemistry; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy proton accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear materials detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photofission; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01122-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918894&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beddingfield, D.H.
AU  - Beyerle, A.
AU  - Russo, P.A.
AU  - Ianakiev, K.
AU  - Vo, D.T.
AU  - Dmitrenko, V.
T1  - High-pressure xenon ion chambers for gamma-ray spectroscopy in nuclear safeguards
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 474
SN  - 01689002
AB  - There has been a long-standing need for a room-temperature gamma-ray detector system with high efficiency and adequate resolution for nuclear safeguards applications. For nuclear safeguards, measurements must resolve the uranium complex at 186 keV and the plutonium complex at 414 keV. The need for adequate room-temperature resolution has been met by CdZnTe detectors, but these small detectors cannot produce the efficiency needed for broad application in nuclear safeguards. The high-pressure xenon (HPXe) detector offers resolution, efficiency, intrinsic radiation resistance and temperature stability, making this detector type a viable candidate for broad application in nuclear safeguards. We will examine the current status HPXe detector systems, contrast HPXe with other detector types for nuclear safeguards applications, and discuss our efforts to improve the HPXe detector operating characteristics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XENON
KW  - GAMMA ray detectors
KW  - Safeguards
KW  - Spectroscopy
KW  - Xenon
N1  - Accession Number: 9918896; Beddingfield, D.H. 1; Email Address: dbedding@lanl.gov Beyerle, A. 2 Russo, P.A. 1 Ianakiev, K. 1 Vo, D.T. 1 Dmitrenko, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-E540, NIS-5, Safeguards Science and Technology, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Mirmar Sensor, LLC, Santa Barbara, CA, USA  3: Moscow Engineering Physics State Institute, 31, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow 115409, Russia; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p474; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: GAMMA ray detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safeguards; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01124-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Z.W.
AU  - Hickerson, T.W.
AU  - Gaby, J.E.
AU  - Williams, J.A.
T1  - Analysis of a radiation attribute from uranium in storage
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 494
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Storage of radioactive nuclear material necessitates the measurement of gamma and X-ray count rate to discourage tampering. However, in long-term, unattended storage scenarios, it is vital that the analysis of this count rate account for perturbations in the count rate caused by drifting equipment response, and changes in natural (radon levels, for example) or man-made background. In this paper, we report the long-term behavior of 420 silicon P–I–N diodes used as radiation detectors. Data were obtained over the course of 16–20 months at both 1-h and 1-min intervals, and, in addition to perfectly stable count rates, effects attributable to equipment failure, long-term gain drift, short-term gain drift, and software failures were observed. The results of statistical analyses of the time series will be given as well as a description of an event classification algorithm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR nuclear counters
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Silicon P–I–N diode
KW  - Solid-state detector
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 9918902; Bell, Z.W. 1; Email Address: bellzw@y12.doe.gov Hickerson, T.W. 1 Gaby, J.E. 1 Williams, J.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Y-12 Naitional Security Complex, Bear Creek Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p494; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR nuclear counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon P–I–N diode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01131-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Charles Cooper, J.
AU  - Koltick, David S.
AU  - Mihalczo, John T.
AU  - Neal, John S.
T1  - Evaluation of ZnO(Ga) coatings as alpha particle transducers within a neutron generator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 505
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 498
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Neutrons generated by the deuterium–tritium reaction (2D+3T→n+α) are correlated to the alpha particle by energy and momentum conservation to lie along trajectories 180° with respect to one another. An associated particle neutron generator uses this spatial correlation to infer the neutron trajectory by detecting the alpha particle. This technique can be used to suppress backgrounds and in building three-dimensional images using the return excitation γ-ray energy due to the neutron interactions. The critical-performance component of the system is the alpha detection element, which is embedded within the neutron generator accelerator head. This element must be highly efficient, capable of nanosecond timing, and robust under the temperature changes encountered during manufacture. ZnO(Ga) scintillator coatings of differing thicknesses, with and without Ni overcoatings, were evaluated for this purpose, when excited by alpha particles between 3.2 and 5.4 MeV. Average light output of up to 61 photoelectrons per event was measured. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - Alpha detection
KW  - Neutron activation
KW  - Zinc oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 9918903; Charles Cooper, J. 1; Email Address: cooper@physics.purdue.edu Koltick, David S. 1 Mihalczo, John T. 2 Neal, John S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Center for Sensing Science and Technology, Purdue University, 1396 Physics Bldg., West Lafayette, IN 47907-1396, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6010, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 1/2, p498; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zinc oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01132-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9918903&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritsan, Andrei V.
T1  - Measurement of sin(2α) at BaBar
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present updated measurements of branching fractions and CP-violating asymmetries for neutral <F>B</F> meson decays to two-body final states of charged pions and kaons. The results are obtained from a data sample of about 60 million <F>&Upsi;(4S) → B<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">B</OVL></F> decays collected between 1999 and 2001 by the BaBar detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy <F>B</F> Factory at SLAG. The sample contains 124−02+16 ππ, <F>403 ± 24 Kπ</F>, and 0.6−7.4+8.0 KK candidates, from which we measure the following quantities: <F>B(B0 → π+π−) = (5.4 ± 0.7 ± 0.4) × 10−6, B(B) → K+π−) = (17.8 ± 1.1 ± 0.8) × 10−6, B(B0 → K+K−) < 1.1 × 10−6</F> (90% C.L.), <F>AKπ = −0.05 ± 0.06 ± 0.01 [−0.14, +0.05]</F>, <F>Sππ = −0.01 ± 0.37 ± 0.07 [−0.66, +0.62], Cππ = -0.02 ± 0.29 ± 0.07 [−0.54, +0.48]</F>, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively, and the asymmetry limits correspond to the 90% confidence level. These results are preliminary. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PIONS
KW  - KAONS
KW  - DECAY
N1  - Accession Number: 11091633; Gritsan, Andrei V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 120 Issue 1-3, p91; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: DECAY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baranovski, Andrew
AU  - Garzoglio, Gabriele
AU  - Lueking, Lee
AU  - Terekhov, Dane Skow Igor
AU  - Walker, Rodney
T1  - SAM-GRID: A system utilizing grid middleware and SAM to enable full function grid computing
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present a grid system, which is in development, employing an architecture comprising the primary functional components of job handling, data handling, and monitoring and information services. Each component is built using existing Grid middleware. The Job handling utilizes Condor Match Making Services to broker job submissions, Condor-G to schedule, and GRAM to submit and execute jobs on remote compute resources. The information services provide strategic information of the system including a file replica catalogue, compute availability, and network data-throughput rate predictions, which are made available to the other components. Data handling services are provided by SAM, the data management system built for the Dzero experiment at Fermilab, to optimize data delivery, and cache and replicate data as needed at the processing nodes. The SAM-Grid system is being built to provide experiments in progress at Fermilab the ability to utilize worldwide computing resources to process enormous quantities of data for complex physics analyses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRIDS (Cartography)
KW  - INFORMATION services
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems)
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 11091638; Baranovski, Andrew 1,2 Garzoglio, Gabriele 1,2 Lueking, Lee 1,2 Terekhov, Dane Skow Igor 1,2 Walker, Rodney 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA  2: Imperial College, London, UK; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 120 Issue 1-3, p119; Subject Term: GRIDS (Cartography); Subject Term: INFORMATION services; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems); Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butler, Joel N.
T1  - Distributed and/or grid-oriented approach to BTeV data analysis
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The BTeV collaboration will record approximately 2 petabytes of raw data per year. It plans to analyze this data using the distributed resources of the collaboration as well as dedicated resources, primarily residing in the very large BTeV trigger farm, and resources accessible through the developing world-wide data grid. The data analysis system is being designed from the very start with this approach in mind. In particular, we plan a fully disk-based data storage system with multiple copies of the data distributed across the collaboration to provide redundancy and to optimize access. We will also position ourself to take maximum advantage of shared systems, as well as dedicated systems, at our collaborating institutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION retrieval
KW  - WORLD Wide Web
KW  - INFORMATION services
N1  - Accession Number: 11091640; Butler, Joel N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500 USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 120 Issue 1-3, p131; Subject Term: INFORMATION retrieval; Subject Term: WORLD Wide Web; Subject Term: INFORMATION services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giagu, Stefano
T1  - The CDFII Time-of-Flight detector and impact on beauty flavor tagging
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The new CDFII detector incorporates a Time-of-Flight detector (TOF), employing plastic scintillator bars and fine-mesh photomultipliers. Since August 2001 the TOF system has been fully instrumented and integrated into the CDFII data acquisition system. With a design goal of 100 ps resolution the TOF system will provide at least two standard deviations separation between <F>K±</F> and <F>π±</F> for momenta <F>p < 1.6 GeV/c</F>, complementing low momentum particle identification by means of the specific ionization energy loss measured in the drift chamber. We describe the design of the TOF detector and discuss the current status of its calibration and initial performances. Finally we review the expected impact of the TOF detector in the flavor tagging of neutral <F>Bs0</F> meson. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - MESONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091653; Giagu, Stefano 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, USA  2: INFN, University of Roma “La Sapienza”, Italy; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 120 Issue 1-3, p219; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Subject Term: MESONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kutschke, Robert K.
T1  - BTeV: Lepton, hadron and photon identification
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The BTeV detector contains three particle ID devices: a RICH detector, an Electromagnetic Calorimeter and a Muon Detector. These are used to distinguish among the five types of charged tracks (<F>e, μ, π, K, p</F>), to reconstruct single photons, and to reconstruct mesons such as <F>π0</F> and <F>η(′)</F> which decay into photons. This article will outline the design of these devices, with particular attention to recent developments, and will present some benchmark numbers for the expected performance of these devices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - MESONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091654; Kutschke, Robert K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinous, 60510, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 120 Issue 1-3, p225; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: MESONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kutschke, Robert K.
T1  - BTEV: Status, overview and prospects
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The BTeV Collaboration is designing a detector to perform a broad program of studies in flavor physics in the beauty and charm systems: CP violation, flavor mixing and searches for rare and forbidden decays. The program will be sensitive to many signatures for physics beyond the Standard Model. The BTeV detector will be located at the CZero interaction region of the Tevatron p-<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">p</OVL> collider at Fermilab. This report will present the status of the program, review the detector design with emphasis on new developments, survey the projected physics reach, and conclude with expectations for the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 11091669; Kutschke, Robert K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinous, 60510, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 120 Issue 1-3, p311; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butler, Joel N.
T1  - B physics, BTeV, and all that
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 120
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The status of “flavor physics” in our pursuit of knowledge in elementary particle physics is discussed. Then, the BTeV experiment, planned for the Fermilab Tevatron collider, is described briefly and its physics reach is discussed. Comparisons are made to the current <F>B</F> physics experiments at <F>e+e−</F> facilities and to the LHCb experiment, planned for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
N1  - Accession Number: 11091671; Butler, Joel N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois60510-0500 USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 120 Issue 1-3, p325; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fessenden, Julianna E.
AU  - Ehleringer, James R.
T1  - Temporal variation in δ13C of ecosystem respiration in the Pacific Northwest: links to moisture stress.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 136
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 136
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00298549
AB  - We measured seasonal and interannual variations in δ13C values within the carbon reservoirs (leaves and soil) and CO2 fluxes (soil and ecosystem respired CO2) of an old growth coniferous forest in the Pacific Northwest USA with relation to local meteorological conditions. There were significant intra-annual and interannual differences in the carbon isotope ratios of CO2 respired at both the ecosystem (δ13CR) and the soil levels (δ13CR-soil), but only limited variations in the carbon isotope ratios of carbon stocks. The δ13CR values varied by as much as 4.4‰ over a growing season, while δ13CR-soil values changed as much as 6.2‰. The δ13C of soil organic carbon (δ13CSOC) and needle organic carbon (δ13CP) exhibited little or no significant changes over the course of this study. Carbon isotope discrimination within leaves (Δp) showed systematic decreases with increased canopy height, but remained fairly constant throughout the year (Δp=17.9‰–19.2‰ at the top of the canopy, Δp=19.6‰–20.9‰ at mid-canopy, Δp=23.3‰–25.1‰ at the canopy base). The temporal variation in the δ13C of soil and ecosystem respired CO2 was correlated (r=0.93, P<0.001) with soil moisture levels, with dry summer months having the most 13C-enriched values. The dynamic seasonal changes in δ13C of respired CO2 are hypothesized to be the result of fast cycling of recently fixed carbon back to the atmosphere. One scaling consequence of the seasonal and interannual variations in δ13CR is that inversion-based carbon-cycle models dependent on observed atmospheric CO2 concentration and isotope values may be improved by incorporating dynamic δ13CR values to interpret regional carbon sink strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Old growth forests
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Respiration
KW  - Northwest, Pacific
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - CO2
KW  - Discrimination
KW  - Ecosystem respiration
KW  - Soil respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 15687796; Fessenden, Julianna E. 1,2; Email Address: julianna@lanl.gov; Ehleringer, James R. 1; Affiliations: 1: SIRFER, Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; 2: Hydrology, Geology and Geochemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-6, M.S. D460, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 136 Issue 1, p129; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Old growth forests; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Respiration; Subject: Northwest, Pacific; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrimination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00442-003-1260-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pack, Michael V.
AU  - Armstrong, Darrell J.
AU  - Smith, Arlee V.
AU  - Amiet, Michael E.
T1  - Second harmonic generation with focused beams in a pair of walkoff-compensating crystals
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 221
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 00304018
AB  - We develop the heuristic theory of second harmonic generation with focused beams in walkoff-compensating crystals, and compare it with experiments, demonstrating excellent agreement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - SECOND harmonic generation
KW  - Nonlinear optics
KW  - Second harmonic generation
KW  - Walkoff compensation
N1  - Accession Number: 9856992; Pack, Michael V. 1; Email Address: mvpack@sandia.gov Armstrong, Darrell J. 1 Smith, Arlee V. 1; Email Address: arlsmit@sandia.gov Amiet, Michael E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dept. 1118, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1423, USA  2: Physics Department, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 221 Issue 1-3, p211; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: SECOND harmonic generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Second harmonic generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Walkoff compensation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0030-4018(03)01469-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson Jr., N.E.
AU  - Straszheim, W.E.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
AU  - Finnemore, D.K.
AU  - Suplinskas, R.J.
T1  - Titanium additions to MgB2 conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 390
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A series of doping experiments are reported for MgB2 conductors that have been synthesized using doped boron fibers prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods. Undoped MgB2 samples prepared from CVD prepared fibers consistently give critical current densities, <f>Jc</f>, in the range of 500,000 A/cm2 in low field at 5 K. These values fall by a factor of about 100 as the magnetic field increases to 3 T. For heavily Ti-doped boron fibers where the B/Ti ratio is comparable to 1, there is a substantial suppression of both <f>Tc</f>, superconducting volume fraction, and <f>Jc</f> values. If, however, a sample with a few percent Ti in B is deposited on a carbon substrate and reacted at 1100 °C, then <f>Tc</f> is suppressed only a couple of degrees and critical current densities are found to be <f>Jc</f> ∼ 2–5 × 106 A/cm2 for superconducting layers ranging from 4 to 10 μm thick. These materials show <f>Jc</f> values over 10,000 A/cm2 at 25 K and 1.3 T. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON fibers
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CVD method
KW  - MgB2 conductors
KW  - Ti-doping
N1  - Accession Number: 9712641; Anderson Jr., N.E. 1 Straszheim, W.E. 1 Bud’ko, S.L. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1 Finnemore, D.K. 1; Email Address: finnemor@ameslab.gov Suplinskas, R.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA  2: Specialty Materials, Inc., 1449 Middlesex Street, Lowell, MA 01851, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 390 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: BORON fibers; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: CVD method; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2 conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti-doping; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00863-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goth-Goldstein, Regine
AU  - Erdmann, Christine A.
AU  - Russell, Marion
T1  - Cytochrome P4501B1 Expression in Normal Breast Tissue.
JO  - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
JF  - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
Y1  - 2003/06//Jun/Jul2003
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 275
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10406638
AB  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are metabolically activated to ultimate carcinogens by the cytochrome P-450 isozymes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. High levels of these enzymes may result in increased DNA adduct formation and cancer initiation. We investigated whether expression of CYP1B1 in breast tissue varies to a similar extent as has been shown for CYP1A1 and whether increased CYP1B1 expression could constitute a risk factor for breast cancer. Expression of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 was measured in a collection of 75 nontumor epithelial breast tissue specimens from breast cancer patients ( n = 36) and from cancer-free individuals ( n = 39). Using a semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 expression levels relative to the constantly expressed β- actin gene were determined. In this study, we found 300-fold and 1,000-fold interindividual variation in expression for CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 , respectively. The mean CYP1B1 transcript level in normal breast tissue was 70% higher in mastectomy patients compared with cancer-free individuals ( p = .0473). These data suggest that CYP1B1 may play a role in breast cancer etiology, particularly in women exposed to high levels of CYP1B1 substrates such as PAHs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - CYTOCHROME P-450
KW  - ISOENZYMES
KW  - BREAST
KW  - breast cancer
KW  - cytochrome P4501A1
KW  - cytochrome P4501B1
KW  - metabolic activation
KW  - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
N1  - Accession Number: 10725450; Goth-Goldstein, Regine 1 Erdmann, Christine A. 1 Russell, Marion 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Jun/Jul2003, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p259; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: CARCINOGENS; Subject Term: CYTOCHROME P-450; Subject Term: ISOENZYMES; Subject Term: BREAST; Author-Supplied Keyword: breast cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome P4501A1; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome P4501B1; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolic activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maxwell, Robert S.
AU  - Cohenour, Rebecca
AU  - Sung, William
AU  - Solyom, David
AU  - Patel, Mogon
T1  - The effects of γ-radiation on the thermal, mechanical, and segmental dynamics of a silica filled, room temperature vulcanized polysiloxane rubber
JO  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
JF  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 80
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
SN  - 01413910
AB  - RTV-5370 is a filled polydimethylsilxoane–polymethylphenylsiloxane copolymer system originally developed by Dow Corning and now supplied by Rhone Poulenc. There is a desire to develop lifetime assessments of this material for certification programs and as a model system for understanding other filled siloxane polymer systems. We have initiated aging studies on these materials by employing accelerated aging tests with exposure to Co-60 γ-radiation. The effects of radiation exposure have been investigated by thermal (differential scanning calorimetry), mechanical (dynamic mechanical analysis), chemical (solvent swelling), and segmental dynamics (nuclear magnetic resonance) methods. The data show that RTV-5370 undergoes predominately radiation-induced crosslinking reactions over the dose range investigated. These reactions reduce the molecular weight between crosslinks, thereby hardening the composite and reducing the motional dynamics of segmental motion. DSC studies show dose dependent crystallization phenomena. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SILICONES
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - SILICA
KW  - Crosslinking
KW  - DMA
KW  - DSC
KW  - NMR
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Siloxanes
N1  - Accession Number: 9572683; Maxwell, Robert S. 1; Email Address: maxwell7@llnl.gov Cohenour, Rebecca 2 Sung, William 2 Solyom, David 2 Patel, Mogon 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue/L-091, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Honeywell Federal Manufacturing and Technologies, Kansas City, MO 64141, USA  3: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading RG7 4PR, UK; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 80 Issue 3, p443; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SILICONES; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: SILICA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crosslinking; Author-Supplied Keyword: DMA; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Siloxanes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00028-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kannan Ramanathan
AU  - Miguel A. Contreras
AU  - Craig L. Perkins
AU  - Sally Asher
AU  - Falah S. Hasoon
AU  - James Keane
AU  - David Young
AU  - Manuel Romero
AU  - Wyatt Metzger
AU  - Rommel Noufi
AU  - James Ward
AU  - Anna Duda
T1  - Properties of 19.2% efficiency ZnO/CdS/CuInGaSe2 thin-film solar cells (This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the U.S.A.).
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 230
SN  - 10627995
AB  - We report the growth and characterization of record-efficiency ZnO/CdS/CuInGaSe2 thin-film solar cells. Conversion efficiencies exceeding 19% have been achieved for the first time, and this result indicates that the 20% goal is within reach. Details of the experimental procedures are provided, and material and device characterization data are presented. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Direct energy conversion
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Solar batteries
KW  - Conversion (Religion)
N1  - Accession Number: 20650530; Kannan Ramanathan 1; Miguel A. Contreras 1; Craig L. Perkins 1; Sally Asher 1; Falah S. Hasoon 1; James Keane 1; David Young 1; Manuel Romero 1; Wyatt Metzger 1; Rommel Noufi 1; James Ward 1; Anna Duda 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p225; Thesaurus Term: Direct energy conversion; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic cells; Thesaurus Term: Solar batteries; Subject Term: Conversion (Religion); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanville Millard, Cynthia
AU  - Stols, Lucy
AU  - Quartey, Pearl
AU  - Kim, Youngchang
AU  - Dementieva, Irina
AU  - Donnelly, Mark I.
T1  - A less laborious approach to the high-throughput production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli using 2-liter plastic bottles
JO  - Protein Expression & Purification
JF  - Protein Expression & Purification
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 10465928
AB  - Contemporary approaches to biology often call for the high-throughput production of large amounts of numerous proteins for structural or functional studies. Even with the highly efficient protein expression systems developed in Escherichia coli, production of these proteins is laborious and time-consuming. We have simplified established protocols by the use of disposable culture vessels: common 2-liter polyethylene terephthalate beverage bottles. The bottles are inexpensive, fit conveniently in commonly available flask holders, and, because they are notched, provide sufficient aeration to support the growth of high-density cultures. The use of antibiotics and freshly prepared media alleviates the need for sterilization of media and significantly reduces the labor involved. Uninoculated controls exhibited no growth during the time required for protein expression in experimental cultures. The yield, solubility, activity, and pattern of crystallization of proteins expressed in bottles were comparable to those obtained under conventional culture conditions. After use, the bottles are discarded, reducing the risk of cross-contamination of subsequent cultures. The approach appears to be suitable for high-throughput production of proteins for structural or functional studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Protein Expression & Purification is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - Functional genomics
KW  - Heterologous expression
KW  - High-throughput
KW  - Structural genomics
N1  - Accession Number: 9853794; Sanville Millard, Cynthia 1 Stols, Lucy 1 Quartey, Pearl 2 Kim, Youngchang 2 Dementieva, Irina 2 Donnelly, Mark I. 1; Email Address: mdonnelly@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 202/Rm. BE111, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p311; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Author-Supplied Keyword: Functional genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterologous expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-throughput; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural genomics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1046-5928(03)00063-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - The Economics of Household Garbage and Recycling Behavior, Don Fullerton, Thomas C. Kinnaman (Eds.), Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, Hardback, 224 pp.; ISBN: 1-84064-718-3
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 255
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 9656222; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National, Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS 90-4000, 1, Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p255; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(02)00174-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Zhenguo
AU  - Stevenson, Jeff W.
AU  - Meinhardt, Kerry D.
T1  - Chemical interactions of barium–calcium–aluminosilicate-based sealing glasses with oxidation resistant alloys
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 160
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
SN  - 01672738
AB  - In most planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) stack designs, the interconnect, which is typically made from an oxidation resistant alloy, potentially including austenitic chromia-forming, ferritic chromia-forming, and alumina-forming alloys, has to be hermitically sealed to its adjacent components, usually by a sealing glass. To maintain the structural stability and minimize the degradation of stack performance, the sealing glass must be chemically compatible with the alloy used for the interconnect. In this work, Nicrofer6025, AISI446 and a Fecralloy were selected as examples of austenitic chromia-forming, ferritic chromia-forming, and alumina-forming alloys, respectively. Their chemical compatibility with a barium–calcium–aluminosilicate (BCAS)-based glass, specifically developed as a sealant in SOFC stacks, was evaluated. It was found that the BCAS sealing glass interacted chemically with both the chromia-forming alloys and the alumina-forming alloys. The extent and nature of the interactions and their final products depended on the matrix alloy compositions, the exposure conditions and/or proximity of the glass/alloy interface to the ambient air. These interactions and their mechanisms will be discussed with the assistance of thermodynamic modeling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Interconnect
KW  - Oxidation resistant alloys
KW  - Sealing glass
KW  - SOFC
N1  - Accession Number: 10356581; Yang, Zhenguo; Email Address: zgary.yang@pnl.gov Stevenson, Jeff W. 1 Meinhardt, Kerry D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 160 Issue 3/4, p213; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interconnect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation resistant alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sealing glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOFC; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2738(03)00160-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, B.
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Allums, K.K.
AU  - Gila, B.P.
AU  - Onstine, A.H.
AU  - Abernathy, C.R.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
AU  - Dwivedi, R.
AU  - Fogarty, T.N.
AU  - Wilkins, R.
AU  - Fitch, R.C.
AU  - Gillespie, J.K.
AU  - Jenkins, T.J.
AU  - Dettmer, R.
AU  - Sewell, J.
AU  - Via, G.D.
AU  - Crespo, A.
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Shul, R.J.
T1  - Proton irradiation of MgO- or Sc2O3 passivated AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1015
SN  - 00381101
AB  - AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors with either MgO or Sc2O3 surface passivation were irradiated with 40 MeV protons at a dose of <f>5×109</f> cm−2. While both forward and reverse bias current were decreased in the devices as a result of decreases in channel doping and introduction of generation–recombination centers, there was no significant change observed in gate lag measurements. By sharp contrast, unpassivated devices showed significant decreases in drain current under pulsed conditions for the same proton dose. These results show the effectiveness of the oxide passivation in mitigating the effects of surface states present in the as-grown structures and also of surface traps created by the proton irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 9230338; Luo, B. 1 Ren, F. 1; Email Address: ren@che.ufl.edu Allums, K.K. 2 Gila, B.P. 2 Onstine, A.H. 2 Abernathy, C.R. 2 Pearton, S.J. 2 Dwivedi, R. 3 Fogarty, T.N. 3 Wilkins, R. 3 Fitch, R.C. 4 Gillespie, J.K. 4 Jenkins, T.J. 4 Dettmer, R. 4 Sewell, J. 4 Via, G.D. 4 Crespo, A. 4 Baca, A.G. 5 Shul, R.J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  3: Center for Applied Radiation Research, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA  4: Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7322, USA  5: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p1015; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(02)00468-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curtiss, L.A.
T1  - Addendum to “Gaussian-3 and related methods for accuratethermochemistry,” L.A. Curtiss, K. Raghavachari (2002) Theoretical Chemistry Accounts 108:61–70.
JO  - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling
JF  - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 109
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 239
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 1432881X
AB  - The article presents information on addendum to "Gaussian-3 and related methods for accurate thermochemistry." The following citation was inadvertently omitted from the list of reviews in the overview of researcher and editor J. Cioslowski for the article "Quantum-Mechanical Prediction of Thermochemical Data."
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - HEAT
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
N1  - Accession Number: 16984211; Curtiss, L.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology and Materials Science Department, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 109 Issue 5, p239; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00214-003-0430-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
AU  - Velappan, Nileena
AU  - Verzillo, Vittorio
AU  - Ovecka, Milan
AU  - Chasteen, Leslie
AU  - Sblattero, Daniele
AU  - Marzari, Roberto
AU  - Lou, Jianlong
AU  - Siegel, Robert
AU  - Pavlik, Peter
T1  - Antibodies in proteomics I: generating antibodies
JO  - Trends in Biotechnology
JF  - Trends in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
SN  - 01677799
AB  - The explosion in genome sequencing, and in subsequent DNA array experiments, has provided extensive information on gene sequence, organization and expression. This has resulted in a desire to perform similarly broad experiments on all the proteins encoded by a genome. Panels of specific antibodies, or other binding ligands, will be essential tools in this endeavour. Because traditional immunization will be unlikely to generate antibodies in sufficient quantity, and of the required quality and reproducibility, in vitro selection methods will probably be used. This review – the first of two – examines the strategies available for in vitro antibody selection. The second review discusses the adaptation of these methods to high throughput and the uses to which antibodies, once derived, can be put. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Biotechnology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Immunoglobulins
N1  - Accession Number: 9906801; Bradbury, Andrew 1; Email Address: amb@lanl.gov; Velappan, Nileena 1; Verzillo, Vittorio 2; Ovecka, Milan 1; Chasteen, Leslie 1; Sblattero, Daniele 3; Marzari, Roberto 3; Lou, Jianlong 4; Siegel, Robert 5; Pavlik, Peter 1; Affiliations: 1: B Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; 3: Dipt. Biologia, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; 4: Department Anesthiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA; 5: Mailstop P7-56, Pacific Northwest National Lab, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p275; Subject Term: Genomes; Subject Term: Immunoglobulins; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00112-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arciniegas, Ismael
AU  - Barrett, Chris
AU  - Marathe, Achla
T1  - Assessing the efficiency of US electricity markets
JO  - Utilities Policy
JF  - Utilities Policy
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 09571787
AB  - The recent California’s energy crisis has raised doubts about the benefits of energy deregulation. While it is true that the California electricity market is in turmoil, other electricity markets like the Pennsylvania–NewJersey–Maryland (PJM) are doing fine. This paper assesses the mark of efficiency reached by the electricity markets in California, New York, and PJM. It also compares the degree of efficiency across markets (forward vs. real time) and across time. No significant differences between the California and PJM electricity markets were discovered in the year of California’s energy crisis (2000) using the cointegration tests. This research suggests that differences in price behavior between these two markets during 2000 did not arise from differences in efficiency. According to our analysis and measures of efficiency, PJM and California electricity markets are more efficient than the New York market. Also, as these markets become more mature over time, their efficiency level goes up. We also found evidence that a multi-settlement scheduling system leads to higher efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Utilities Policy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 9655742; Arciniegas, Ismael 1 Barrett, Chris 1 Marathe, Achla 2; Email Address: achla@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Basic and Applied Simulation Science (CCS-5), MS M997, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Computer and Computational Science (CCS-3), MS B265, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p75; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: ENERGY policy; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0957-1787(03)00003-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laitner, J.A.
AU  - DeCanio, S.J.
AU  - Koomey, J.G.
AU  - Sanstad, A.H.
T1  - Room for improvement: increasing the value of energy modeling for policy analysis
JO  - Utilities Policy
JF  - Utilities Policy
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 09571787
AB  - There are expanding national discussions on a critical number of energy-related issues ranging from the importance of reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions to enhancing the nation’s energy security and moving towards a competitive electric utility industry. The complex interactions surrounding all of these issues have motivated the development of a relatively large number of energy-economic models to assist policy makers in the framing of appropriate policy directions. But how much do these models really inform the debate? The record of US model-based energy forecasting yields evidence that such models provide biased estimates that tend to reinforce the status quo, inadequately inform policy-makers about new market potential, and serve to constrain the development of innovative policies. This paper reviews some of the reasons for this conclusion and then explores the extent to which energy-economic models may reflect a more dynamic technological diffusion process that encourages new policy development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Utilities Policy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - ECONOMIC models
KW  - Benefits and costs
KW  - Economic modeling
KW  - Policy analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9655743; Laitner, J.A. 1; Email Address: laitner.skip@epa.gov DeCanio, S.J. 2 Koomey, J.G. 3 Sanstad, A.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: 6201J, EPA Office of Atmospheric Programs, Mail top 6201J, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA  2: Department of Economics, University of California–Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 94720, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p87; Subject Term: ENERGY policy; Subject Term: ECONOMIC models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benefits and costs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Economic modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Policy analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0957-1787(03)00020-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eliassi, Mehdi
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
T1  - On the porous continuum-scale modeling of gravity-driven fingers in unsaturated materials: Numerical solution of a hypodiffusive governing equation that incorporates a hold-back-pile-up effect.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We consider the use of a hypodiffusive governing equation (HDE) for the porous-continuum modeling of gravity-driven fingers (GDF) as occur in initially dry, highly nonlinear, and hysteretic porous media. In addition to the capillary and gravity terms within the traditional Richards equation, the HDE contains a hypodiffusive term that models an experimentally observed hold-back-pile-up (HBPU) effect and thus imparts nonmonotonicity at the wetting front. In its dimensionless form the HDE contains the dimensionless hypodiffusion number, N HD. As N HD increases, one-dimensional (1D) numerical solutions transition from monotonic to nonmonotonic. Considering the experimentally observed controls on GDF occurrence, as either the initial moisture content and applied flux increase or the material nonlinearity decreases, solutions undergo the required transition back to monotonic. Additional tests for horizontal imbibition and capillary rise show the HDE to yield the required monotonic response but display sharper fronts for N HD > 0. Finally, two-dimensional (2D) numerical solutions illustrate that in parameter space where the 1D HDE yields nonmonotonicity, in 2D it forms nonmonotonic GDF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - capillary hysteresis
KW  - extended Darcy-Buckingham relations
KW  - extended irreversible thermodynamics
KW  - hyperbolic and Navier-Stokes flux equations
KW  - preferential flow
KW  - wetting front instability
N1  - Accession Number: 87144078; Eliassi, Mehdi 1; Glass, Robert J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 6, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary hysteresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended Darcy-Buckingham relations; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended irreversible thermodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperbolic and Navier-Stokes flux equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetting front instability; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001535
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garten Jr., C. T.
AU  - Ashwood, T. L.
T1  - A Landscape Level Analysis of Potential Excess Nitrogen in East-Central North Carolina, USA.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2003/06//
VL  - 146
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 21
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The objective of this research was to arrive at an assessment of potential excess nitrogen (N) under different land cover categories in the Neuse River Basin (North Carolina, USA) on a seasonal basis. Data on five processes (atmospheric N deposition, fertilization, net soil N mineralization, plant uptake, and denitrification) that contribute to potential excess N under different land cover categories were obtained from a literature review. Factors were also estimated to apportion annual N fluxes among different seasons of the year. Potential excess N was calculated as the difference between inputs to and outputs from an inorganic N pool. If inputs exceeded outputs, then the difference was assumed to represent N at risk of loss from the landscape to surface receiving waters and groundwaters. Land covers that were classified as potential N sources were influenced by soil N inventories and rates of net soil N mineralization (which is a natural process). The results indicated that there are large land areas in the Neuse River Basin that could be classified as either a N source or a N sink. Such areas are potentially sensitive because future changes in land use, or small alterations in N fluxes, could convert areas that are essentially in balance with respect to N biogeochemistry into the N source or N sink category. In this respect, model predictions indicate that the timing of N inputs and outputs on the landscape can be a critical determinant of potential excess N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Landscape ecology
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Mass budget (Geophysics)
KW  - Eutrophication
KW  - Limnology
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Algal blooms
KW  - environmental health
KW  - eutrophication
KW  - harmful algal blooms
KW  - landscape ecology
KW  - mass balance model
KW  - water pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 15204564; Garten Jr., C. T. 1; Email Address: gartenctjr@ornl.gov; Ashwood, T. L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 146 Issue 1-4, p3; Thesaurus Term: Landscape ecology; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Mass budget (Geophysics); Thesaurus Term: Eutrophication; Thesaurus Term: Limnology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental health; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Algal blooms; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental health; Author-Supplied Keyword: eutrophication; Author-Supplied Keyword: harmful algal blooms; Author-Supplied Keyword: landscape ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: mass balance model; Author-Supplied Keyword: water pollution; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pestovsky, Oleg
AU  - Bakac, Andreja
T1  - Superoxometal-catalyzed co-oxidation of alcohols and nitrous acid with molecular oxygen
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/06/02/
VL  - 200
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 13811169
KW  - Chromium(IV)
KW  - Nitric oxide
KW  - Nitrous acid
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Superoxochromium
N1  - Accession Number: 9711852; Pestovsky, Oleg 1 Bakac, Andreja; Email Address: bakac@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 29 Spedding, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 200 Issue 1/2, p21; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium(IV); Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitric oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrous acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superoxochromium; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1381-1169(03)00045-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bouh, Abdillahi Omar
AU  - Espenson, James H.
T1  - Epoxidation reactions with urea–hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by methyltrioxorhenium(VII) on niobia
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/06/02/
VL  - 200
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 13811169
AB  - Soybean oils (oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids and their methyl esters) are epoxidized readily with urea–hydrogen peroxide (UHP) when methyltrioxorhenium(VII) supported on niobia is used as the catalyst in chloroform. Simple alkenes are epoxidized by the same method. The epoxide and not a diol is produced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOY oil
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - Epoxidation
KW  - Methyltrioxorhenium
KW  - MTO
KW  - Niobia
KW  - Soybean oil
KW  - Supported catalyst
KW  - UHP
N1  - Accession Number: 9711854; Bouh, Abdillahi Omar 1 Espenson, James H.; Email Address: espenson@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 200 Issue 1/2, p43; Subject Term: SOY oil; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methyltrioxorhenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: MTO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soybean oil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supported catalyst; Author-Supplied Keyword: UHP; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311225 Fats and Oils Refining and Blending; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1381-1169(03)00097-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aroua, S.
AU  - Navrátil, P.
AU  - Zamick, L.
AU  - Fayache, M.S.
AU  - Barrett, B.R.
AU  - Vary, J.P.
AU  - Heyde, K.
T1  - Allowed Gamow–Teller excitations from the ground state of 14N
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/06/02/
VL  - 720
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Motivated by the proposed experiment <f>14N(d,2He)14C</f>, we study the final states which can be reached via the allowed Gamow–Teller mechanism. Much emphasis has been given in the past to the fact that the transition matrix element from the <f>Jπ=1+</f>, <f>T=0</f> ground state of 14N to the <f>Jπ=0+</f>, <f>T=1</f> ground state of 14C is very close to zero, despite the fact that all the quantum numbers are right for an allowed transition. We discuss this problem, but, in particular, focus on the excitations to final states with angular momenta <f>1+</f> and <f>2+</f>. We note that the summed strength to the <f>Jπ=2+</f>, <f>T=1</f> states, calculated with a wide variety of interactions, is significantly larger than that to the <f>Jπ=1+</f>, <f>T=1</f> final states. We investigate the relative influences of the two-particle spin–orbit and tensor forces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOUND states (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 9498982; Aroua, S. 1 Navrátil, P. 2 Zamick, L. 3 Fayache, M.S. 1; Email Address: fayache@physics.rutgers.edu Barrett, B.R. 4 Vary, J.P. 5 Heyde, K. 6; Affiliation:  1: Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El-Manar, Tunis 1060, Tunisia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-414, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA  4: Department of Physics, P.O. Box 210081, University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ 85721, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  6: Vakgroep Subatomaire en Stralingsfysica, University of Gent, Proeftuinstraat, 86 B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 720 Issue 1/2, p71; Subject Term: BOUND states (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)00746-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zuppiroli, L.
AU  - Bieber, A.
AU  - Michoud, D.
AU  - Galli, G.
AU  - Gygi, F.
AU  - Bussac, M.N.
AU  - André, J.J.
T1  - Polaron formation and symmetry breaking
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/04/
VL  - 374
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 00092614
AB  - In a molecular semiconductor, a charged molecule experiences a lattice relaxation which reorganizes it into a cation or an anion-radical. This species is not, in general, a polaron. By using calculations of the geometry and the electronic structure both ab initio and at the semi-empirical levels, we have explored the conditions of polaron formation in a molecular model system: oligophenylene–vinylenes, PVs of increasing sizes. The symmetry breaking occurs at sizes larger than five monomers for the anion and six monomers for the cation. The driving force for this process is primarily the charge–lattice coupling through the stretching mode at 1600 cm−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 9856922; Zuppiroli, L. 1,2; Email Address: libero.zuppiroli@epfl.ch Bieber, A. 2 Michoud, D. 1 Galli, G. 3 Gygi, F. 3 Bussac, M.N. 1,4 André, J.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire d’Optoélectronique des matériaux moléculaires, Institut des Matériaux, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland  2: Institut Charles Sadron, UPR 22, CNRS, 6, rue Boussingault, 67043 Strasbourg Cedex, France  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 374 Issue 1/2, p7; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00646-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Robert
AU  - Durham, L.
AU  - Rieman, C.
T1  - Adapting MARSSIM for FUSRAP Site Closure.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/04/2003 Supplement 3
VL  - 84
M3  - Article
SP  - S111
EP  - S114
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual (MARSSIM) provides a coherent, technically defensible process for establishing that exposed surfaces satisfy site cleanup requirements. Unfortunately, many sites have complications that challenge a direct application of MARSSIM. Example complications include Record of Decision (ROD) requirements that are not MARSSIM-friendly, the potential for subsurface contamination, and incomplete characterization information. These types of complications are typically the rule, rather than the exception, for sites undergoing radiologically-driven remediation and closure. One such site is the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) Linde site in Tonawanda, New York. Cleanup of the site is currently underway. The Linde site presented a number of challenges to designing and implementing a closure strategy consistent with MARSSIM. This paper discusses some of the closure issues confronted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Buffalo District at the Linde site and describes how MARSSIM protocols were adapted to address these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - contamination
KW  - decontamination
KW  - operational topic
KW  - radioactivity, removal of
N1  - Accession Number: 102393180; Johnson, Robert 1; Email Address: rlj@anl.gov.; Durham, L. 1; Rieman, C. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Assessment Division Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439; 2: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Buffalo District, 1766 Niagara Street, NY 14207; Issue Info: 2003 Supplement 3, Vol. 84, pS111; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: decontamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: operational topic; Author-Supplied Keyword: radioactivity, removal of; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smalley, John F.
AU  - Geng, Lin
AU  - Chen, Amy
AU  - Feldberg, Stephen W.
AU  - Lewis, Nathan S.
AU  - Cali, George
T1  - An indirect laser-induced temperature jump study of the influence of redox couple adsorption on heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/06/05/
VL  - 549
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 15726657
AB  - The indirect laser-induced temperature jump technique is used to study the heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics of Fe(CN)63−/4−, Ru(NH3)63+/2+ (both in aqueous 1 M KF) and dimethylferrocene/dimethylferrocenium (Me2Fc, in 1 M LiClO4 in CH3OH) on Au electrodes. Evidence is obtained demonstrating not only that all three of these redox couples adsorb on Au but also that the behavior of the measured electron transfer kinetics for these couples is significantly perturbed from that expected for simple heterogeneous electron transfer reactions. The interpretation of the results of these measurements is, therefore, made much more complex and uncertain. Such complexity and uncertainty is greatly reduced by irreversibly attaching the redox moiety to the electrode surface as a part of a stable, organized structure (e.g. a self-assembled monolayer). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Electron transfer
KW  - Indirect laser-induced temperature jump
N1  - Accession Number: 10436280; Smalley, John F. 1; Email Address: smalley@bnl.gov Geng, Lin 1 Chen, Amy 1 Feldberg, Stephen W. 1 Lewis, Nathan S. 2 Cali, George 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA  2: Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 549, p13; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indirect laser-induced temperature jump; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00284-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, Sangyong
AU  - Jalilian-Marian, Jamail
AU  - Sarcevic, Ina
T1  - The origin of large-<f>pT</f> <f>π0</f> suppression at RHIC
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/06/05/
VL  - 562
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We present results for inclusive <f>π0</f> production in proton–proton and in Au–Au at RHIC energy <f>√ of s</rad>=200</f> GeV. We use next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculation and we include nuclear effects such as parton energy loss and nuclear shadowing. We consider the ratio of <f>π0</f> distribution in Au–Au and p–p collisions for <f>pT>3</f> GeV for three cases of parton energy loss: (1) constant parton energy loss per parton scattering, <f>∊an=<rm>const</rm></f>, (2) Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal energy-dependent energy loss, <f>∊an∼<rad>Ean=200</f> GeV. We use next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculation and we include nuclear effects such as parton energy loss and nuclear shadowing. We consider the ratio of <f>π0</f> distribution in Au–Au and p–p collisions for <f>pT>3</f> GeV for three cases of parton energy loss: (1) constant parton energy loss per parton scattering, <f>∊an=const</f>, (2) Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal energy-dependent energy loss, <f>∊an∼√ of Ean</f> and (3) Bethe–Heitler energy-dependent energy loss, <f>∊an∼Ean</f>. We show that recently observed suppression of <f>π0</f> production in Au–Au collisions at RHIC, which is found to increase with <f>pT</f> increasing from 3 GeV to 8 GeV, can be reproduced by <f>∊an=0.06Ean</f>. We show that the ratio of prompt photons to neutral pions produced in Au–Au collisions at RHIC has a strong <f>pT</f> dependence approaching one at <f>pT∼</f> 10 GeV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PROTON-proton interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 9792417; Jeon, Sangyong 1,2 Jalilian-Marian, Jamail 3 Sarcevic, Ina 4; Email Address: ina@gluon.physics.arizona.edu; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A-2T8, Canada  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 562 Issue 1/2, p45; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PROTON-proton interactions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00536-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King
AU  - W. D.
AU  - Corn
AU  - J. D.
AU  - Murphy
AU  - O. J.
AU  - Boxall
AU  - D. L.
AU  - Kenik
AU  - E. A.
AU  - Kwiatkowski
AU  - K. C.
AU  - Stock
AU  - S. R.
AU  - Lukehart
AU  - C. M.
T1  - Pt-Ru and Pt-Ru-P/Carbon Nanocomposites:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Unexpected Performance as Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) Anode Catalysts.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 5467
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Six Pt-Ru/carbon nanocomposites have been prepared, using five different Pt,Ru-bimetallic precursors as sources of metal. Nanocomposites prepared from precursors lacking phosphorus contain Pt-Ru nanocrystals that are highly dispersed on the carbon support, as expected. However, nanocomposites prepared from precursors possessing phosphorus contain a mixture of face-centered-cubic Pt-Ru alloy nanocrystals and primitive-cubic nanocrystals of an interstitial ternary metal phosphide phase identified as PtRuP2. Nanocomposites containing substantial amounts of nano-PtRuP2 perform as well as a commercial Pt-Ru/carbon nanocomposite in the role of an anode catalyst in direct methanol fuel cells. Although the exclusion of metal phosphide phases in Pt-Ru nanocomposite syntheses is best achieved by eliminating all sources of phosphorus, the presence of PtRuP2 in such nanocomposites does not poison methanol electrooxidation. Investigation of the synthesis and electrocatalytic reactivity of pure PtRuEx (where E denotes a main-group heteroelement) phases is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLATINUM compounds
KW  - CARBON composites
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 10656923; King W. D. 1 Corn J. D. 1 Murphy O. J. 1 Boxall D. L. 1 Kenik E. A. 1 Kwiatkowski K. C. 1 Stock S. R. 1 Lukehart C. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, Lynntech, Inc., 7610 Eastmark Drive, Suite 105, College Station, Texas 77840, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 23, p5467; Subject Term: PLATINUM compounds; Subject Term: CARBON composites; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Circone
AU  - S.
AU  - Stern
AU  - L. A.
AU  - Kirby
AU  - S. H.
AU  - Durham
AU  - W. B.
AU  - Chakoumakos
AU  - B. C.
AU  - Rawn
AU  - C. J.
AU  - Rondinone
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Ishii
AU  - Y.
T1  - CO2 Hydrate:  Synthesis, Composition, Structure, Dissociation Behavior, and a Comparison to Structure I CH4 Hydrate.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 5529
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Structure I (sI) carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrate exhibits markedly different dissociation behavior from sI methane (CH4) hydrate in experiments in which equilibrated samples at 0.1 MPa are heated isobarically at 13 K/h from 210 K through the H2O melting point (273.15 K). The CO2 hydrate samples release only about 3% of their gas content up to temperatures of 240 K, which is 22 K above the hydrate phase boundary. Up to 20% is released by 270 K, and the remaining CO2 is released at 271.0 ± 0.5 K, where the sample temperature is buffered until hydrate dissociation ceases. This reproducible buffering temperature for the dissociation reaction CO2·nH2O = CO2(g) + nH2O(l to s) is measurably distinct from the pure H2O melting point at 273.15 K, which is reached as gas evolution ceases. In contrast, when sI CH4 hydrate is heated at the same rate at 0.1 MPa, >95% of the gas is released within 25 K of the equilibrium temperature (193 K at 0.1 MPa). In conjunction with the dissociation study, a method for efficient and reproducible synthesis of pure polycrystalline CO2 hydrate with suitable characteristics for material properties testing was developed, and the material was characterized. CO2 hydrate was synthesized from CO2 liquid and H2O solid and liquid reactants at pressures between 5 and 25 MPa and temperatures between 250 and 281 K. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination indicates that the samples consist of dense crystalline hydrate and 50-300 μm diameter pores that are lined with euhedral cubic hydrate crystals. Deuterated hydrate samples made by this same procedure were analyzed by neutron diffraction at temperatures between 4 and 215 K; results confirm that complete conversion of water to hydrate has occurred and that the measured unit cell parameter and thermal expansion are consistent with previously reported values. On the basis of measured weight gain after synthesis and gas yields from the dissociation experiments, approximately all cages in the hydrate structure are filled such that n ≉ 5.75. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 10656931; Circone S. 1 Stern L. A. 1 Kirby S. H. 1 Durham W. B. 1 Chakoumakos B. C. 1 Rawn C. J. 1 Rondinone A. J. 1 Ishii Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, MS 977, Menlo Park, California 94025, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 23, p5529; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunietz
AU  - B. D.
AU  - Dreuw
AU  - A.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
T1  - Initial Steps of the Photodissociation of the CO Ligated Heme Group.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 5623
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Upon irradiation of CO ligated hemoglobin or myoglobin with a laser pulse of 570 nm (2.17 eV), the proteins are electronically excited into the Q states and undergo dissociation of the CO ligand within 50 fs. Because the Q state is well-known to correspond to a π-π* transition localized at the iron porphyrin (heme) group, this should not greatly affect the binding of the CO ligand. It is shown by means of time-dependent density functional theory that, in fact, the Q states decay into the 5 A‘ ‘ and 3 A‘ singlet excited states. The latter states are repulsive along the Fe-CO stretch coordinate and, consequently, lead to the dissociation of the heme-CO bond. The nature of the repulsive states is analyzed with attachment/detachment density plots. At the equilibrium geometry of heme-CO, they can be understood as an excitation from a π-back-bonding orbital into an anti-back-bonding orbital which nicely explains their repulsive nature. However, at a separation distance of 2.5 Å, the state has charge-transfer character from the iron to the nitrogens of the porphyrin ring as well as the CO and imidazole ligand. This is in accord with a previous experimental assignment of the first intermediate of the photodissociation process to be a charge-transfer state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10656941; Dunietz B. D. 1 Dreuw A. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 23, p5623; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, J.L.
AU  - Sloan, L.C.
AU  - Revenaugh, J.
AU  - Duffy, P.B.
T1  - Evaluation of Northern Hemisphere natural climate variability in multiple temperature reconstructions and global climate model simulations
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 09218181
AB  - The detection of anthropogenic climate change in observations and the validation of climate models both rely on understanding natural climate variability. To evaluate internal climate variability, we apply spectral analysis to time series of surface air temperature (SAT) from nine coupled general circulation model (GCM) simulations, three recent global paleotemperature reconstructions, and Northern Hemisphere (NH) instrumental records. Our comparison is focused on the NH due to the greater spatial and temporal coverage and validation of the available NH temperature reconstructions. The paleotemperature reconstructions capture the general magnitude of NH climate variability, but not the precise variance and specific spatial, temporal, or periodic signals demonstrated in the instrumental record. The models achieved varying degrees of success for each measure of variability analyzed, with none of the models consistently capturing the appropriate variability. In general, the models performed best in the analysis of combined mean annual land and marine variability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - climate
KW  - climate model
KW  - climate variability
KW  - spectral analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9602437; Bell, J.L. 1; Email Address: jbell@es.ucsc.edu; Sloan, L.C. 1; Revenaugh, J. 1; Duffy, P.B. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; 2: Climate and Carbon Cycle Modeling Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1/2, p19; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate model; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral analysis; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00189-3
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Covey, Curt
AU  - AchutaRao, Krishna M.
AU  - Cubasch, Ulrich
AU  - Jones, Phil
AU  - Lambert, Steven J.
AU  - Mann, Michael E.
AU  - Phillips, Thomas J.
AU  - Taylor, Karl E.
T1  - An overview of results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 09218181
AB  - The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) collects output from global coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation models (coupled GCMs). Among other uses, such models are employed both to detect anthropogenic effects in the climate record of the past century and to project future climatic changes due to human production of greenhouse gases and aerosols. CMIP has archived output from both constant forcing (“control run”) and perturbed (1% per year increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide) simulations. This report summarizes results form 18 CMIP models. A third of the models refrain from employing ad hoc flux adjustments at the ocean–atmosphere interface. The new generation of non-flux-adjusted control runs are nearly as stable as—and agree with observations nearly as well as—the flux-adjusted models. Both flux-adjusted and non-flux-adjusted models simulate an overall level of natural internal climate variability that is within the bounds set by observations. These developments represent significant progress in the state of the art of climate modeling since the Second (1995) Scientific Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; see Gates et al. [Gates, W.L., et al., 1996. Climate models—Evaluation. Climate Climate 1995: The Science of Climate Change, Houghton, J.T., et al. (Eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 229–284]). In the increasing-CO2 runs, differences between different models, while substantial, are not as great as one might expect from earlier assessments that relied on equilibrium climate sensitivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ocean-atmosphere interaction
KW  - Ocean circulation
KW  - climate
KW  - CMIP
KW  - GCM
N1  - Accession Number: 9602443; Covey, Curt 1; Email Address: covey1@llnl.gov; AchutaRao, Krishna M. 1; Cubasch, Ulrich 2; Jones, Phil 3; Lambert, Steven J. 4; Mann, Michael E. 5; Phillips, Thomas J. 1; Taylor, Karl E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail Code L-264, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 2: Meteorologisches Institut, Free University, Berlin, Germany; 3: Climatic Research Unit (CRU), University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; 4: Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma), Victoria, Canada; 5: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1/2, p103; Thesaurus Term: Ocean-atmosphere interaction; Thesaurus Term: Ocean circulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMIP; Author-Supplied Keyword: GCM; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00193-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Govindasamy, B.
AU  - Caldeira, K.
AU  - Duffy, P.B.
T1  - Geoengineering Earth's radiation balance to mitigate climate change from a quadrupling of CO2
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 09218181
AB  - It has been suggested that climate change induced by anthropogenic CO2 could be counteracted with geoengineering schemes designed to diminish the solar radiation incident on Earth''s surface. Though the spatial and temporal pattern of radiative forcing from greenhouse gases differs from that of sunlight, it was shown in a recent study that these schemes would largely mitigate regional or seasonal climate change for a doubling of the atmospheric CO2 content. Here, we examine the ability of reduced solar luminosity to cancel the effects of quadrupling of CO2 content. In agreement with our previous study, geoengineering schemes could markedly diminish regional and seasonal climate change. However, there are some residual climate changes: in the geoengineered 4×CO2 climate, a significant decrease in surface temperature and net water flux occurs in the tropics; warming in the high latitudes is not completely compensated; the cooling effect of greenhouse gases in the stratosphere persists and sea ice is not fully restored. However, these residual climate changes are much smaller than the change from quadrupling of CO2 without reducing solar input. Caution should be exercised in interpretation because these results are from a single model with a number of simplifying assumptions. There are also many technical, environmental and political reasons not to implement geoengineering schemes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - anthropogenic CO2
KW  - climate change
KW  - geoengineering
KW  - mitigation of climate change
N1  - Accession Number: 9602445; Govindasamy, B.; Email Address: bala@LLNL.GOV; Caldeira, K. 1; Duffy, P.B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Climate and Carbon Cycle Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1/2, p157; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Solar radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: anthropogenic CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: geoengineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: mitigation of climate change; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00195-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9602445&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Duffy, P.B.
T1  - Introduction
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 37
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - vii
SN  - 09218181
N1  - Accession Number: 9602435; Duffy, P.B. 1; Email Address: pduffy@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Climate and Carbon Cycle Modeling Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory L-103, P.O. Box 808 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 37 Issue 1/2, pvii; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00187-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9602435&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shellman, Spencer D.
AU  - Lewis, James P.
AU  - Glaesemann, Kurt R.
AU  - Sikorski, Krzysztof
AU  - Voth, Gregory A.
T1  - Massively parallel linear-scaling algorithm in an ab initio local-orbital total-energy method
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 188
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Similar to the manner of S. Itoh et al. [Comp. Phys. Commun. 88 (1995) 173], we report implementation of a massively parallel linear-scaling algorithm into an ab initio tight-binding method called Fireball [Phys. Rev. B (2001)]. The use of local-orbitals yields a very sparse Hamiltonian matrix which facilitates using a linear-scaling algorithm to obtain the electronic band-structure energy. The general functional form of Kim et al. [Phys. Rev. B 52 (1995) 1640], which minimizes a functional to obtain the electronic band-structure energy, has been parallelized utilizing the conjugate gradient method. The results of this approach are reported here. In addition, the use of “fireball” wavefunctions, where the wavefunctions are explicitly zero beyond some cutoff, allows for pre-generating all integrals describing two- and three-center interactions. The computation of these integrals is then an easily parallelizable problem for which the results are reported. Both integral generation and the linear-scaling optimization procedures are parallelized using the standard MPI message passing interface mixed with an OpenMP strategy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
N1  - Accession Number: 9808716; Shellman, Spencer D. 1 Lewis, James P. 2; Email Address: james_lewis@byu.edu Glaesemann, Kurt R. 3 Sikorski, Krzysztof 1 Voth, Gregory A. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0850, USA  2: Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0850, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 188 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00069-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Larson, David J.
T1  - A Coulomb collision model for PIC plasma simulation
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 188
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A new approach to modeling partially collisional plasmas that provides a smooth transition from the fluid (Coulomb collision dominated) to the fully kinetic PIC (collisionless) limit is presented. In addition to the usual quantities of mass, charge, and velocity, each particle carries an isotropic Maxwellian velocity distribution. Higher resolution of velocity space is achieved by generating more particles using a procedure that preserves the first four velocity moments. This velocity space fragmentation is essential for capturing non-Maxwellian plasma behavior. The model developed here allows the efficient simulation of partially collisional plasmas by reducing both the number of particle pairings required per time step and the number of particles needed to retain non-Maxwellian plasma behavior. The method produces reasonable results when the time step is large relative to the collision frequencies and works in the limit of one particle per species per cell. Particle merging can be exploited to control the number of particles in a natural way. The collision process is fully three-dimensional and conserves energy and momentum exactly. Results from 3v and 1d3v simulations are presented and compared with previous multi-fluid and fully kinetic PIC simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COULOMB functions
KW  - MAXWELL equations
N1  - Accession Number: 9808721; Larson, David J. 1; Email Address: larson6@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 188 Issue 1, p123; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00157-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9808721&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Liyong
AU  - Tchelepi, Hamdi A.
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - Perturbation-based moment equation approach for flow in heterogeneous porous media: applicability range and analysis of high-order terms
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 188
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We present detailed comparisons between high-resolution Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and low-order numerical solutions of stochastic moment equations (SMEs) for the first and second statistical moments of pressure. The objective is to quantify the difference between the predictions obtained from MCS and SME. Natural formations with high permeability variability and large spatial correlation scales are of special interest for underground resources (e.g. oil and water). Consequently, we focus on such formations. We investigated fields with variance of log-permeability, <f>σY2</f>, from 0.1 to 3.0 and correlation scales (normalized by domain length) of 0.05 to 0.5. In order to avoid issues related to statistical convergence and resolution level, we used 9000 highly resolved realizations of permeability for MCS. We derive exact discrete forms of the statistical moment equations. Formulations based on equations written explicitly in terms of permeability (<f>K</f>-based) and log-transformed permeability (<f>Y</f>-based) are considered. The discrete forms are applicable to systems of arbitrary variance and correlation scales. However, equations governing a particular statistical moment depend on higher moments. Thus, while the moment equations are exact, they are not closed. In particular, the discrete form of the second moment of pressure includes two triplet terms that involve log-permeability (or permeability) and pressure. We combined MCS computations with full discrete SME equations to quantify the importance of the various terms that make up the moment equations. We show that second-moment solutions obtained using a low-order <f>Y</f>-based SME formulation are significantly better than those from <f>K</f>-based formulations, especially when <f>σY2>1</f>. As a result, <f>Y</f>-based formulations are preferred. The two triplet terms are complex functions of the variance level and correlation length. The importance (contribution) of these triplet terms increases dramatically as <f>σY2</f> increases above one. We also show that one of the triplet terms is much more important than the other. When comparing <f>K</f>-based MCS with <f>Y</f>-based SME, model differences must be taken into consideration. These differences (model errors) are due to embedded assumptions and differences in implementing the discrete forms of the equations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC integral equations
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Heterogeneous porous media
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Reservoir simulation
KW  - Statistical moments
KW  - Stochastic equations
KW  - Uncertainty analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9808730; Li, Liyong 1 Tchelepi, Hamdi A. 1; Email Address: HTCH@chevrontexacon.com Zhang, Dongxiao 2; Affiliation:  1: ChevronTexaco E&P Technology Company, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA  2: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group MS T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 188 Issue 1, p296; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC integral equations; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reservoir simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical moments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty analysis; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00186-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9808730&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morkel, Matthias
AU  - Unterhalt, Holger
AU  - Salmeron, Miquel
AU  - Rupprechter, Günther
AU  - Freund, Hans-Joachim
T1  - SFG spectroscopy from 10−8 to 1000 mbar: less-ordered CO structures and coadsorption on Pd<f>(1 1 1)</f>
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/06/10/
VL  - 532-535
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy was employed to study “less-ordered” phases resulting from low-temperature CO exposure on Pd(1 1 1). Such imperfect structures may also occur under catalytic reaction conditions up to 1000 mbar and originate from the superposition of ordered structures when the CO mobility and flux were insufficient. The effect of coadsorbed hydrogen and water was also examined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Sum frequency generation
KW  - Vibrations of adsorbed molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 9900184; Morkel, Matthias 1 Unterhalt, Holger 1 Salmeron, Miquel 2 Rupprechter, Günther 1; Email Address: rupprechter@fhi-berlin.mpg.de Freund, Hans-Joachim 1; Affiliation:  1: Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Chemical Physics, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin D-14195, Germany  2: Materials Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 66, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 532-535, p103; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sum frequency generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrations of adsorbed molecules; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00197-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9900184&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, F.
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Dallek, S.
AU  - Lavernia, E.J.
T1  - Microstructural evolution during recovery and recrystallization of a nanocrystalline Al-Mg alloy prepared by cryogenic ball milling
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/06/11/
VL  - 51
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2777
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The microstructural evolution during thermal annealing of a cryogenically ball milled Al-7.6 at% Mg alloy with a grain size of ~25 nm was examined using differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Recovery occurs during annealing from 100 to 230 °C resulting in strain relaxation and grain coarsening, and recrystallization proceeds at higher temperatures up to about 370 °C with further grain growth. The stored enthalpy release during recovery was estimated to be ~450 J/mol, which is considerably higher than that in materials processed by other known cold-working methods. Only a fraction of the measured enthalpy was found to arise from the enthalpy releases due to grain coarsening and the reduction of high dislocation density. Both recovery and recrystallization give rise to non-uniform, bimodal grain-size distributions, which may result from heterogeneous nanostructures in the as-milled state. The detailed microscopic observations strongly support that grain coalescence is a feasible mechanism for grain coarsening during the recovery. In addition, the activation energy for recovery was calculated to be ~120 kJ/mol, indicating the process is diffusion-controlled (Mg in Al), whereas the activation energy for recrystallization was considerably higher, ~190 kJ/mol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - Aluminum alloys
KW  - Ball milling
KW  - Nanocrystalline materials
KW  - Recovery
KW  - Recrystallization
N1  - Accession Number: 9854219; Zhou, F. 1; Email Address: fzhou@uci.edu Liao, X.Z. 2 Zhu, Y.T. 2 Dallek, S. 3 Lavernia, E.J. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA  2: Division of Materials Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, Code 644, 9500 MacArthur Boulevard, West Bethesda, MD 20817-5700, USA  4: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 51 Issue 10, p2777; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ball milling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recrystallization; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00083-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9854219&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cui, H.
AU  - Eres, G.
AU  - Howe, J.Y.
AU  - Puretkzy, A.
AU  - Varela, M.
AU  - Geohegan, D.B.
AU  - Lowndes, D.H.
T1  - Growth behavior of carbon nanotubes on multilayered metal catalyst film in chemical vapor deposition
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/11/
VL  - 374
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The temperature and time dependences of carbon nanotube (CNT) growth by chemical vapor deposition are studied using a multilayered Al/Fe/Mo catalyst on silicon substrates. Within the 600–1100 °C temperature range of these studies, narrower temperature ranges were determined for the growth of distinct types of aligned multi-walled CNTs and single-walled CNTs by using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. At 900 °C, in contrast to earlier work, double-walled CNTs are found more abundant than single-walled CNTs. Defects also are found to accumulate faster than the ordered graphitic structure if the growth of CNTs is extended to long durations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 9907921; Cui, H. 1; Email Address: cui@ornl.gov Eres, G. 1 Howe, J.Y. 2 Puretkzy, A. 1 Varela, M. 1 Geohegan, D.B. 1 Lowndes, D.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Bldg. 3150, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6065, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Bldg. 4508, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6065, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 374 Issue 3/4, p222; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00701-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9907921&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roszak, Szczepan
AU  - Gee, Richard H.
AU  - Balasubramanian, Krishnan
AU  - Fried, Laurence E.
T1  - Molecular interactions of TATB clusters
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/11/
VL  - 374
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 286
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Electronic structure calculations of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) clusters are presented. The calculated gas phase structures of TATB are close to the experimental crystal structures. Two isomers of the TATB dimer are considered. One resembles the structures found experimentally for the A–B sheet of the molecular crystal. The other, a stacked ring (‘C’) configuration, yields an eclipsed structure, while the crystal data suggest two rings displaced relative to each other. Electron correlation effects are of greater importance for the stacked C-dimer than the planar AB-dimer. Furthermore, many-body contributions to the total interaction energy are found to be of limited importance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
N1  - Accession Number: 9907930; Roszak, Szczepan 1,2 Gee, Richard H. 1 Balasubramanian, Krishnan 1,3,4; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu Fried, Laurence E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland  3: Department of Applied Science, University of California Davis, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Glenn T Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 374 Issue 3/4, p286; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00727-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9907930&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Poisson, Lionel
AU  - Peterka, Darcy S.
AU  - Ahmed, Musahid
AU  - Lucchese, Robert R.
AU  - Suits, Arthur G.
T1  - Dissociative photoionization dynamics in ethane studied by velocity map imaging
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/11/
VL  - 374
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We have studied the dissociative ionization of ethane from 12.0 to 12.8 eV using velocity map imaging with synchrotron radiation. We obtained translational energy release distributions and angular distributions for the C2H4+ product. The translational energy distributions are consistent with a ∼0.6 eV barrier to H2 elimination in the ethane cation, while the angular distributions are characterized by a limiting anisotropy parameter of <f>β=−0.3</f>. Theoretical calculations predict a lower anisotropy; possible reasons for the discrepancy are considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - ETHANES
N1  - Accession Number: 9907937; Li, Wen 1,2 Poisson, Lionel 3 Peterka, Darcy S. 3 Ahmed, Musahid 3 Lucchese, Robert R. 4 Suits, Arthur G. 1,2,3; Email Address: arthur.suits@sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11793-3400, USA  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77642, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 374 Issue 3/4, p334; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: ETHANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00712-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riad Manaa, M.
AU  - Sprehn, David W.
AU  - Ichord, Heather A.
T1  - High-energy structures of azafullerene C48N12
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/11/
VL  - 374
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We report optimized geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of new N–N linked, fullerene-analog structures of C48N12 with 6N2, 4N3, and 2N6 subunits, using B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. These are high-energy structures with relative energy of 112, 195, and 269 kcal/mol, respectively. The N–N bonds in these isomers are in the range of 1.48–1.56 A˚, indicative of weak, van der Waals type interactions rather than the N–N covalent bonds usually found in polynitrogen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - FULLERENES
N1  - Accession Number: 9907948; Riad Manaa, M.; Email Address: manaa1@llnl.gov Sprehn, David W. 1 Ichord, Heather A.; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energetic Materials Center, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, L-282 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 374 Issue 3/4, p405; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00775-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burr, Tom
AU  - Hemphill, Geralyn
AU  - Longmire, Victoria
AU  - Smith, Morag
T1  - The impact of combining nuclear material categories on uncertainty
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06/11/
VL  - 505
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 707
SN  - 01689002
AB  - There is nearly always some mismatch between the physical properties of items containing nuclear material and standards used to calibrate the assay method. Physical properties include the density and heterogeneity of the item''s nonnuclear material and the type of interfering species, such as hydrogen in the case of neutron counting. Some assay techniques are less sensitive to variation in physical properties than others and can be used to generate working standards. Provided that a reference assay method 1 (often calorimetry) is available that is well characterized (having negligible or known dependence on varying physical properties), we can assess the total measurement error of another method 2. In this paper we consider the impact of the number of measurement categories on the measurement error standard deviation of method 2. We assume that working standards (traceable to primary reference standards) are provided by the method 1 assay of actual facility items. Given the same number of working standards, we evaluate the tradeoff between using more working standards for each of a fewer number of categories versus using fewer standards in each of more categories. This leads to a method to determine a good allocation of working standards. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC errors
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - Systematic and random errors
KW  - Total measurement error
KW  - Working standards
N1  - Accession Number: 9907871; Burr, Tom; Email Address: tburr@lanl.gov Hemphill, Geralyn 1 Longmire, Victoria 1 Smith, Morag 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Safeguards Systems Group, NIS7, P.O. Box 1663, Mail Stop E 541, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 505 Issue 3, p707; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC errors; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Systematic and random errors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Total measurement error; Author-Supplied Keyword: Working standards; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00347-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang
AU  - X.
AU  - Razavet
AU  - M.
AU  - Wang
AU  - X.-B.
AU  - Pickett
AU  - C. J.
AU  - L.-S.
T1  - Probing the Electronic Structure of the Di-Iron Subsite of [Fe]-Hydrogenase:  A Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of Fe(I)-Fe(I) Model Complexes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/06/12/
VL  - 107
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4612
EP  - 4618
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The electronic structures of a series of Fe(I)-Fe(I) model complexes of the di-iron subsite of [Fe]-hydrogenase, [(μ-PDT)Fe2(CO)4(CN)2]2- (I), [Fe2(CO)4{MeSCH2C(Me)(CH2S)2}(CN)2]2- (II), [Fe2(CO)4{PhCH2SCH2C(Me)(CH2S)2}(CN)2]2- (III), [Fe2(CO)4{PhCH2SCH2C(Me) (CH2S)2}(CN)]- (IV), and [Fe2(CO)4{MeSCH2C(Me)(CH2S)2}(CN)]- (V), were investigated in the gas phase using photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy. The adiabatic electron detachment energy (ADE) of each species and the intramolecular Coulomb repulsion for the doubly charged species were obtained. The ADEs correspond to the intrinsic redox potentials (in vacuo) of reactions involving the Fe(I)-Fe(I)/Fe(I)-Fe(II) couples in these compounds. The photoelectron spectra were understood and qualitatively assigned by comparing with that of Fe2(CO)6S2, which has been well studied previously and exhibits similar valence spectral features as I-V. A “normal level scheme” is suggested for the electronic structure of these low spin di-iron compounds, in which all occupied 3d levels lie above all occupied ligand levels. We also observed subtle differences in the electronic structures of the five di-iron complexes due to the slightly different ligand environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENASE
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 18432505; Yang X. 1 Razavet M. 1 Wang X.-B. 1 Pickett C. J. 1 L.-S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Contribution from the Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, U.K.; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 23, p4612; Subject Term: HYDROGENASE; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao
AU  - Y.
AU  - Macdonald
AU  - R. G.
T1  - Determination of the Rate Constant for the NCO(X2Π) + O(3P) Reaction at 292 K.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/06/12/
VL  - 107
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4625
EP  - 4635
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The rate constant for the reaction of the isocyanate radical, NCO(X2Π), with oxygen atoms, O(3P), has been measured at a temperature of 292 ± 2 K to be (2.1 ± 0.76) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s,-1 where the error estimate contains both systematic and random errors. The measurements were carried out in an excess of either Ar or CF4 at pressures between 1.5 and 7.5 Torr and found to be independent of both the nature of the third body and pressure. Equal concentrations of NCO and O were generated by the CN + O2 reaction. The temporal dependence of NCO was followed using time-resolved infrared absorption spectroscopy on rotational transitions of the NCO (1011) ← (0010) combination band. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 18432507; Gao Y. 1 Macdonald R. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 23, p4625; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fulton
AU  - J. L.
AU  - Heald
AU  - S. M.
AU  - Badyal
AU  - Y. S.
AU  - Simonson
AU  - J. M.
T1  - Understanding the Effects of Concentration on the Solvation Structure of Ca2+ in Aqueous Solution. I:  The Perspective on Local Structure from EXAFS and XANES.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/06/12/
VL  - 107
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4688
EP  - 4696
SN  - 10895639
AB  - X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy was used to probe the effects of concentration on the first-shell structure of Ca2+ in aqueous solution. Measurements were carried out under ambient conditions using a bending magnet beamline (sector 20) at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne. The Ca K-edge EXAFS spectrum for 6 m CaCl2 yielded no evidence for the formation of significant numbers of Ca2+-Cl- contact ion pairs even at such high concentration, a result confirmed by comparison with the data for a dilute (0.2 m) reference solution of the perchlorate. A mean coordination number of 7.2 ± 1.2 water molecules and an average Ca-O distance of 2.437 ± 0.010 Å were determined for 6 m CaCl2, and these parameters are also consistent with earlier EXAFS measurements on dilute Ca2+ solutions. Comparison of the pre-edge and near-edge (XANES) spectrum against those for various references, including the crystalline hydrates, provided further confirmation of the lack of change in the Ca2+ first-shell structure and symmetry. Our measurements help clarify the earlier results of modeling thermodynamic data that imply that some significant structural change occurs at high salt concentration. Taken together, our results suggest the formation of Ca2+-OH2-Cl- solvent-shared ion pairs, rather than Ca2+-Cl- contact ion pairs, is most likely responsible for the unusual thermodynamic behavior of this system. The EXAFS spectrum for an even more concentrated (9.2 m CaCl2) hexahydrate melt, however, did indicate the presence of some contact ion pairs. The new results agree closely with those of an earlier X-ray diffraction study, and serve to further aid interpretation of the aqueous solutions data. On a technical note, a previously unreported multielectron excitation edge at k = 10.2 Å-1 was detected in the EXAFS spectra and assigned to the KLII,III transition. Inclusion of this new transition, along with the other known (KMII,III and KMI) transitions, in the background correction procedure significantly improved the quality of EXAFS fits. Further improvements resulted from the inclusion of Ca-H single scattering paths to treat the protons on the tightly bound water molecules. A Ca-H distance of 2.97 Å was obtained, which is in excellent agreement with the results of neutron scattering measurements (reported in part II). This appears to be the most convincing evidence to date for the detection of proton backscattering in EXAFS measurements of the local structure around ions in aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 18432515; Fulton J. L. 1 Heald S. M. 1 Badyal Y. S. 1 Simonson J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 23, p4688; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Schroeder, W.H.
AU  - Steffen, A.
AU  - Scott, K.
AU  - Bender, T.
AU  - Prestbo, E.
AU  - Ebinghaus, R.
AU  - Lu, J.Y.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
T1  - Summary report: first international Arctic atmospheric mercury research workshop
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 18
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 2551
SN  - 13522310
N1  - Accession Number: 9721229; Schroeder, W.H. 1 Steffen, A. 1; Email Address: alexandra.steffen@ec.gc.ca Scott, K. 2 Bender, T. 3 Prestbo, E. 4 Ebinghaus, R. 5 Lu, J.Y. 6 Lindberg, S.E. 7; Affiliation:  1: Environment Canada: Meteorological Service of Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto (Downsview), Ont., CanadaM3H 5T4  2: Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, CanadaR3T 2N2  3: Environment Canada-EPS, Place Vincent Massey, 351 St. Joseph Blvd., Hull, QC, CanadaK1A 0H3  4: Frontier Geosciences, 414 Pontius North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA  5: GKSS Research Center, P.O. Box 1160, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany  6: Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5B 2K3  7: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 18, p2551; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Proceeding
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00153-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Houser, Jeffrey N.
AU  - Bade, Darren L.
AU  - Cole, Jonathan J.
AU  - Pace, Michael L.
T1  - The dual influences of dissolved organic carbon on hypolimnetic metabolism: organic substrate and photosynthetic reduction.
JO  - Biogeochemistry
JF  - Biogeochemistry
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 64
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 269
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01682563
AB  - We investigated the effect of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on hypolimnetic metabolism (accumulation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and methane (CH4)) in 21 lakes across a gradient of DOC concentrations (308 to 1540 μmol C L-1). The highly colored nature of the DOC in these lakes suggests it is mostly of terrestrial origin. Hypolimnetic methane accumulation was positively correlated with epilimnetic DOC concentration (Spearman rank correlation = 0.67; p < 0.01), an indicator of allochthonous DOC inputs, but not with photic zone chlorophyll a concentration (Spearman rank correlation = 0.30; p = 0.22). Hypolimnetic DOC concentrations declined in 19 of 21 lakes during the stratified period at rates that ranged from 0.06 to 53.9 mmol m-2 d-1. The hypolimnetic accumulation of DIC + CH4 was positively correlated with, and, in most cases of comparable magnitude to, this DOC decline suggesting that DOC was an important substrate for hypolimnetic metabolism. The percentage of surface irradiance reaching the thermocline was lower in high DOC lakes (∼0.3%) than in low DOC lakes (∼6%), reducing hypolimnetic photosynthesis (as measured by the depth and magnitude of the deep dissolved oxygen maxima) in the high DOC lakes. In June, the hypolimnia of lakes with < 400 μmol L-1 DOC had high concentrations of dissolved oxygen and no CH4, while the hypolimnia of lakes with DOC > 800 μmol L-1 were completely anoxic and often had high CH4 concentrations. Thus, DOC affects hypolimnetic metabolism via multiple pathways: DOC was significant in supporting hypolimnetic metabolism; and at high concentrations depressed photosynthesis (and therefore oxygen production and DIC consumption) in the hypolimnion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biogeochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Soil science
KW  - Soil management
KW  - Soil geography
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Allochthonous carbon
KW  - Carbon budget
KW  - Dissolved organic carbon
KW  - Hypolimnion
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Methane production
KW  - Water color
N1  - Accession Number: 14793680; Houser, Jeffrey N. 1,2; Email Address: houserjn@ornl.gov; Bade, Darren L. 1; Cole, Jonathan J. 3; Pace, Michael L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 680 N. Park Street, Madison, 53706, USA; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, 37831-6036, USA (e-mail: ); 3: Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB Route 44A, Millbrook, 12545, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 64 Issue 2, p247; Thesaurus Term: Geochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Soil science; Thesaurus Term: Soil management; Thesaurus Term: Soil geography; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Subject Term: Biogeochemistry; Subject Term: Biochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Allochthonous carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon budget; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissolved organic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hypolimnion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water color; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115112 Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gamwo, Isaac K.
AU  - Halow, John S.
AU  - Gidaspow, Dimitri
AU  - Mostofi, Reza
T1  - CFD models for methanol synthesis three-phase reactors: reactor optimization
JO  - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF  - Chemical Engineering Journal
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 93
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 13858947
AB  - Two Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models have been developed for slurry bubble columns. The first model is based on the kinetic theory of granular flow with a measured restitution coefficient in a slurry bubble column. The model was used to predict Air Products/DOE La Porte reactor’s slurry height, gas hold-up and the rate of methanol production. It showed an unfavorable high solids concentration at the bottom of the reactor. The second model with a catalyst viscosity as an input has computed the measured flow patterns and Reynolds stresses in agreement with measurements in a laboratory slurry bubble column.Here, we have rearranged the heat exchangers in the La Porte unit and constructed a CFD model for a baffled reactor that has a higher concentration of the catalyst in the upper portion of the reactor. In this arrangement, the conversion to products is higher than in the La Porte unit, because there is more catalyst in the region of decreased reactant concentration. The baffled arrangement of the heat exchangers prevents the mixing of the catalyst from the upper stage, allowing continued operation of the reactor with a high concentration in the upper stage. Thus, an optimum catalyst concentration is maintained during the course of the production of the liquid fuels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - CHEMICAL reactors
KW  - CFD models
KW  - Optimum catalyst distribution
KW  - Slurry bubble column reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 9546611; Gamwo, Isaac K. 1; Email Address: gamwo@netl.doe.gov Halow, John S. 1 Gidaspow, Dimitri 2 Mostofi, Reza 2; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA  2: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 93 Issue 2, p103; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: CFD models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimum catalyst distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slurry bubble column reactors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1385-8947(02)00192-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turesky, Robert J.
AU  - Richoz, Janique
AU  - Constable, Anne
AU  - Curtis, Kellie D.
AU  - Dingley, Karen H.
AU  - Turteltaub, Kenneth W.
T1  - The effects of coffee on enzymes involved in metabolism of the dietary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine in rats
JO  - Chemico-Biological Interactions
JF  - Chemico-Biological Interactions
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 145
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 00092797
AB  - The effects of coffee on the metabolism and genotoxicity of the dietary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) were investigated. Coffee diminished the bacterial mutagenicity of PhIP in the Ames reversion assay through inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), a key enzyme involved in the metabolic activation of PhIP. When given as part of the diet (0, 1 or 5% w/w) to male Fischer-344 rats for 2 weeks, coffee affected the expression of hepatic enzymes involved in PhIP metabolism. Coffee increased the expression of CYP1A2 by 16-fold in the 5% coffee-treated group, and approximately half of this inductive effect was attributed to caffeine. Coffee also increased the expression of enzymes involved in the detoxication of PhIP. A 2-fold increase in expression of glutathione S-transferase alpha was observed, UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGTs) activities of p-nitrophenol increased 2-fold, while N2-and N3-glucuronidation of the genotoxic metabolite 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (HONH-PhIP) increased by 1.3-fold in the 5% coffee-treated over the control group. The amount of PhIP (0.75 mg/kg, 24 h) eliminated in urine as the N2-and N3-glucuronide conjugates of HONH-PhIP increased by 1.8- and 2.5-fold, respectively, in the 5% coffee-treated group over control rats, suggesting either increased rates of N-oxidation of PhIP or N-glucuronidation of HONH-PhIP. Despite the strong induction of CYP1A2, there was no increase in PhIP-DNA adduct formation in colon and pancreas while liver adducts decreased by 50% over control animals. These data suggest that the effect of coffee on inhibition of PhIP N-oxidation and ensuing DNA damage is more important in vivo than its effect on induction of PhIP N-hydroxylation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemico-Biological Interactions is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - CAFFEINE
KW  - Caffeine
KW  - Chemoprotection
KW  - Coffee
KW  - Heterocyclic aromatic amines
KW  - Metabolism
N1  - Accession Number: 9656462; Turesky, Robert J. 1,2; Email Address: rturesky@nctr.fda.gov Richoz, Janique 2 Constable, Anne 2 Curtis, Kellie D. 3 Dingley, Karen H. 3 Turteltaub, Kenneth W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Chemistry, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA  2: Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 145 Issue 3, p251; Subject Term: HETEROCYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: CAFFEINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Caffeine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemoprotection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coffee; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic aromatic amines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metabolism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2797(03)00022-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyers, S.
AU  - McMahon, J.E.
AU  - McNeil, M.
AU  - Liu, X.
T1  - Impacts of US federal energy efficiency standards for residential appliances
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
SN  - 03605442
AB  - This study estimated energy, environmental, and consumer impacts of US federal residential energy efficiency standards taking effect in the 1988–2007 period. These standards have been the subject of in-depth analyses conducted as part of the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) standards rulemaking process. This study drew on those analyses, but updated key data and developed a common framework and assumptions for all of the products. We estimate that the considered standards will reduce residential primary energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 8–9% in 2020 compared to the levels expected without any standards. The standards will save a cumulative total of 26–32 EJ (25–30 quads) by the year 2015, and 63 EJ (60 quads) by 2030. The estimated cumulative net present value of consumer benefit amounts to nearly US$80 billion by 2015, and grows to US$130 billion by 2030. The overall benefit/cost ratio of cumulative consumer impacts in the 1987–2050 period is 2.75:1. The cumulative cost of the DOE’s program to establish and implement the standards is in the range of US$200–US$250 million. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9484678; Meyers, S.; Email Address: spmeyers@lbl.gov McMahon, J.E. 1 McNeil, M. 1 Liu, X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p755; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(02)00188-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9484678&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell-Jackson, J.
AU  - Koomey, J.G.
AU  - Nordman, B.
AU  - Blazek, M.
T1  - Data center power requirements: measurements from Silicon Valley
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 837
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Current estimates of data center power requirements are greatly overstated because they are based on criteria that incorporate oversized, redundant systems, and several safety factors. Furthermore, most estimates assume that data centers are filled to capacity. For the most part, these numbers are unsubstantiated. Although there are many estimates of the amount of electricity consumed by data centers, until this study, there were no publicly available measurements of power use. This paper examines some of the reasons why power requirements at data centers are overstated and adds actual measurements and the analysis of real-world data to the public policy debate over how much energy these facilities use. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9484682; Mitchell-Jackson, J. 1 Koomey, J.G. 2; Email Address: JGKoomey@lbl.gov Nordman, B. 2 Blazek, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Resources Group, 310 Barrows Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail stop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: AT&T, Suite 3188, 4430 Rosewood Drive, Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p837; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00009-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonn, Bruce
AU  - Schmoyer, Richard
AU  - Wagner, Sarah
T1  - Weatherizing the homes of low-income home energy assistance program clients: a programmatic assessment
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
SN  - 03014215
AB  - The purpose of this project was to assess the relationships between two United States (US) federal-level programs that support low-income households, the Weatherization Assistance Program and the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). The study area for this project was Boston, Massachusetts, which is a representative of large northern urban areas in the US. Data were collected for three groups of households that received both weatherization and LIHEAP assistance and for one control group that only received LIHEAP assistance. The clearest impact of weatherization assistance on changes in LIHEAP assistance is shown in decreases in eligibility for high-energy benefits post-weatherization. A further statistical test also suggests that weatherization has a significant impact in reducing the overall needs for LIHEAP subsidies. However, it cannot be concluded that weatherization reduced the need for standard LIHEAP subsidies. Households in the sample that did drop out of the LIHEAP program had relatively higher incomes, younger household heads, and fewer years in home than those who stayed in the program. These demographics suggest that the households that dropped out of the program were more likely to experience income increases to make them ineligible for the program and were more likely to move out of the study area. Additionally, for no group for no time period did LIHEAP benefits cover all primary heating fuel bills. Thus, the overall conclusions of this study are that weatherization decreased the need for high-energy benefits but did not lead to low-income households relinquishing the need for standard LIHEAP benefits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy assistance for the poor
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 9164742; Tonn, Bruce 1,2; Email Address: bet@ornl.gov; Schmoyer, Richard 1; Wagner, Sarah 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environment Sciences Division, Building 4500N P.O. Box 2008, 37831-6207 Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA; Issue Info: Jun2003, Vol. 31 Issue 8, p735; Subject Term: Energy assistance for the poor; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624229 Other Community Housing Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00124-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Acioli, P. H.
AU  - Jellinek, J.
T1  - Theoretical determination of electron binding energy spectra of anionic magnesium clusters.
JO  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
JF  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 24
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 32
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346060
AB  - A recently developed accurate scheme for converting the single-particle eigenenergies of the density functional theory into electron binding energies is used to compute the spectra of electron binding energies in Mg4-, Mg-11, Mg16-, and Mg18-. The computations are performed for different isomeric forms of the clusters using both pseudopotential and all-electron treatments. The results are compared with the data derived from electron photodetachment experiments, and the role of the different isomers in the interpretation of these data is examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - LIGHT metals
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - IONS
KW  - 31.15.Ew Density-functional theory
KW  - 33.15.Ry Ionization potentials, electron affinities, molecular core binding energy
KW  - 33.60.-q Photoelectron spectra
KW  - 36.40.-c Atomic and molecular clusters
N1  - Accession Number: 16708569; Acioli, P. H. 1,2 Jellinek, J. 1; Email Address: jellinek@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA  2: Núcleo de Física Atômica, Molecular e Fluidos, Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, CP 04455, Brasília, DF, 70919-970, Brazil; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1-3, p27; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: BINDING energy; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: LIGHT metals; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 31.15.Ew Density-functional theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.15.Ry Ionization potentials, electron affinities, molecular core binding energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.60.-q Photoelectron spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: 36.40.-c Atomic and molecular clusters; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjd/e2003-00176-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16708569&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lupulescu, C.
AU  - Vajda, Š.
AU  - Lindinger, A.
AU  - Merli, A.
AU  - Wöste, L.
T1  - Femtosecond pump-probe experiments on non-stoichiometric sodium-fluoride clusters: I. First direct observation of periodical structural changes in Na2F.
JO  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
JF  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 24
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 176
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346060
AB  - In this paper we present two-color pump and probe spectroscopy on Na2F, the smallest of the non-stoichiometric sodium-fluoride clusters (NanFn-1), in molecular beams by employing femtosecond laser pulses. The molecules were pumped into the first excited state by one photonic transition and consecutively ionized from there by the second photon. We resolved the wavepacket oscillatory motion involving periodical structural rearrangements in the first excited state of Na2F with a period of ∼ 185 fs. The time-resolved experiments show that sodium fluoride clusters provide interesting features which can be manipulated in optimal control experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SODIUM fluoride
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - 33.15.Ta Mass spectra
KW  - 33.80.-b Photon interactions with molecules
KW  - 36.40.Mr Spectroscopy and geometrical structure of clusters
KW  - 36.40.Vz Optical properties of clusters
N1  - Accession Number: 16708591; Lupulescu, C. 1; Email Address: lupu@physik.fu-berlin.de Vajda, Š. 1,2 Lindinger, A. 1 Merli, A. 1 Wöste, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonee, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1-3, p173; Subject Term: SODIUM fluoride; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.15.Ta Mass spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.80.-b Photon interactions with molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: 36.40.Mr Spectroscopy and geometrical structure of clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: 36.40.Vz Optical properties of clusters; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjd/e2003-00154-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16708591&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amonette, J. E.
AU  - Kukkadapu, R. K.
AU  - Alp, E. E.
AU  - Sturhahn, W.
AU  - Toellner, T. S.
T1  - Heterogeneous electron-transfer kinetics with synchrotron 57Fe Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2109
SN  - 00167037
AB  - In the first known kinetic application of the technique, synchrotron 57Fe-Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy was used to follow the rate of heterogeneous electron transfer between aqueous reagents and a solid phase containing Fe. The solid, a synthetic 57Fe-enriched Fe(III)-bearing pyroaurite-like phase having terephthalate (TA) in the interlayer [Mg3Fe(OH)8(TA)0.5 · 2H2O], was reduced by Na2S2O4 and then reoxidized by K2Cr2O7 by means of a novel flow-through cell. Synchrotron Mo¨ssbauer spectra were collected in the time domain at 30-s intervals. Integration of the intensity obtained during a selected time interval in the spectra allowed sensitive determination of Fe(II) content as a function of reaction time. Analysis of reaction end member specimens by both the synchrotron technique and conventional Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy yielded comparable values for Mo¨ssbauer parameters such as center shift and Fe(II)/Fe(III) area ratios. Slight differences in quadrupole splitting values were observed, however. A reactive diffusion model was developed that fit the experimental Fe(II) kinetic data well and allowed the extraction of second-order rate constants for each reaction. Thus, in addition to rapidly collecting high quality Mo¨ssbauer data, the synchrotron technique seems well suited for aqueous rate experiments as a result of the penetrating power of 14.4 keV X-rays and high sensitivity to Fe valence state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10007611; Amonette, J. E. 1; Email Address: jim.amonette@pnl.gov Kukkadapu, R. K. 1 Alp, E. E. 2 Sturhahn, W. 2 Toellner, T. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 67 Issue 12, p2109; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01346-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coltrin, Michael E.
AU  - Mitchell, Christine C.
T1  - Mass transport and kinetic limitations in MOCVD selective-area growth
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 254
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 00220248
AB  - The interplay between transport and kinetics in selective-area growth (SAG) of compound semiconductors is discussed. A thin-film model describing transport of reactants across the boundary layer above the growth surface is developed. A dimensionless Damko¨hler number (<f>Da</f>) quantitatively determines whether the planar (blanket) deposition is in a transport-limited, reaction-rate-limited, or intermediate operating regime. Reactant profiles within the rotating-disk reactor and growth rates predicted by the thin-film model agree very well with numerically exact calculations. The efficiency of the SAG was found to be a strong function of both the <f>Da</f> and the pattern fill-factor (<f>θ</f>). The thin-film model was extended to take into account the lowering of the “effective rate constant” (averaged over both the exposed and masked zones). It was found that the product <f>θDa</f> governs the transition between transport and kinetic control of the SAG process. Predictions of the analytical SAG thin-film model were compared to both the numerically exact 2-D calculations and to experimental results from InGaAs, InP, and GaN SAG. The simple theory appears to provide an excellent qualitative and quantitative description of kinetic and transport effects in SAG. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - METAL organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - THIN films
KW  - A1. Transport
KW  - A2. Epitaxial lateral overgrowth
KW  - A2. Selective-area growth
KW  - B1. Gallium nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 9721484; Coltrin, Michael E.; Email Address: mecoltr@sandia.gov Mitchell, Christine C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department 1126, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 254 Issue 1/2, p35; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: METAL organic chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Epitaxial lateral overgrowth; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Selective-area growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Gallium nitride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(03)01165-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenou, V. Y.
AU  - Kusinski, G.
AU  - Yue, L.
AU  - Thomas, G.
T1  - Structure and magnetic properties of nano-structured heterogeneous Au—Co alloys.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2679
EP  - 2688
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - High-resolution and analytical transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, magnetic and magnetoresistance measurements were used to investigate nanostructures of melt-spun Au86Co14 and Au78Co22 alloys. The microstructure of the Au86Co14 alloy was composed of very small Co precipitates inside the Au grains with some larger Co precipitates (20–35 nm) dispersed at the grain boundaries, while the microstructure of the Au78Co22 alloy consisted of Au/Co lamellar eutectic grains with Co precipitates (50–70 nm) dispersed at the grain boundaries. A few grains had very small (4 nm) Co precipitates. Annealing at 773 K for 10 min caused Co depletion in the Au matrix from 5.4–10 at.% to 0.9–2.0 at.%. Annealing also caused transitions from superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic and from single to multiple domain magnetic structure of some of the small and some of the larger Co precipitates, respectively. The MR ratios (Δρ/ρ, in magnetic field of 14.5 kOe) of the as-cast Au86Co14 and Au78Co22 alloys were 2.5% and 2.6%, respectively. Annealing of the alloys at 673 K for 1 hr reduced Δρ/ρ to 0.9–1%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 16623087; Zenou, V. Y. 1,2; Email Address: vyzenou@bezeqint.net Kusinski, G. 2,3 Yue, L. 4 Thomas, G. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Research Center Negev, PO Box 9001, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Center for Materials Research and Analysis, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68515, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p2679; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abrams, Matthew B.
AU  - Green, David J.
AU  - Jill Glass, S.
T1  - Fracture behavior of engineered stress profile soda lime silicate glass
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 321
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Multi-step ion-exchange processing can produce complex stress profiles in glass surfaces, which can result in increased fracture strength, reduced strength dispersion, flaw tolerance and multiple cracking behavior. Glass displaying this set of properties is termed engineered stress profile (ESP) glass. Treatments at 400–450 °C in molten KNO3 and NaNO3 salt baths were used to create residual stresses in the surface of soda lime silicate float glass. Stress profiles were measured using optical stress birefringence, allowing derivation of apparent fracture toughness curves and prediction of crack stability over a range of flaw sizes. Specimens were tested in the four-point bend configuration to determine fracture strength and to study the multiple cracking which results from crack growth stabilization. The results were compared to predictions from the fracture toughness curves, in terms of the strength dispersion and crack stability criteria. Indented specimens were tested to determine the response of the glass to contact damage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9792435; Abrams, Matthew B. 1; Email Address: mba4@psu.edu Green, David J. 1 Jill Glass, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA 16802, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 321 Issue 1/2, p10; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00021-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu
AU  - Z.
AU  - Li
AU  - J.
AU  - O'Connor
AU  - D. B.
AU  - Wang
AU  - L.-W.
AU  - Barbara
AU  - P. F.
T1  - Large Resonant Stokes Shift in CdS Nanocrystals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5670
EP  - 5674
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The electronic spectrum of CdS colloidal quantum dots (QDs) with a radius of 1.0−2.3 nm is studied by low-temperature photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy. CdS QDs are found to exhibit a resonant Stokes shift of ~20−70 meV, which is ~4 times larger than similarly sized CdSe QDs. This effect can be reproduced by an effective-mass theoretical calculation, which reveals that the hole ground state (or highest occupied molecular orbital, HOMO) in CdS QDs is a P state and the ground-state exciton is an optically passive state. Compared to CdSe, in CdS, the smaller spin−orbit splitting causes the orbital-symmetry-forbidden dark exciton in a QD and its larger resonant Stokes shift. The band-edge photoluminescence in CdS QDs exhibits a lifetime of ~200 ns at 10 K, which is consistent with the dark exciton mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 20224941; Yu Z. 1 Li J. 1 O'Connor D. B. 1 Wang L.-W. 1 Barbara P. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, and NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 24, p5670; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoo
AU  - C. S.
AU  - Iota
AU  - V.
AU  - Cynn
AU  - H.
AU  - Nicol
AU  - M.
AU  - Park
AU  - J. H.
AU  - Le Bihan
AU  - T.
AU  - Mezouar
T1  - Disproportionation and Other Transformations of N2O at High Pressures and Temperatures to Lower Energy, Denser Phases.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5922
EP  - 5925
SN  - 15206106
AB  - When β-nitrous oxide (Cmca N2O) is laser heated to between 2000 and 3400 K at high pressures (10−55 GPa), it disproportionates into an ionic form of dimeric nitrogen dioxide (NO+NO3-) and nitrogen. Raman spectra of the quenched products suggest that the ionic phase is stable to 55 GPa at ambient temperature but, upon subsequent heating at pressures below 30 GPa, further dissociates into nitrogen, oxygen, and other nitrogen−oxygen compounds. X-ray diffraction patterns of the ionic phase indicate that it has an orthorhombic structure (Z = 4, &rgr;o = 2.69 g/cm3), similar to the aragonite phase of calcium carbonate. The results suggest that the primary driver for ionization is densification at high pressures, whereas dissociation between 10 and 30 GPa results from the combined effects of densification and entropy increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - HIGH pressure (Technology)
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 20224977; Yoo C. S. 1 Iota V. 1 Cynn H. 1 Nicol M. 1 Park J. H. 1 Le Bihan T. 1 Mezouar; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, High-Pressure Science and Engineering Center, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4002, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 24, p5922; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Technology); Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chieh, T.C.
AU  - Chu, J.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Wu, J.K.
T1  - Corrosion of Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5 bulk metallic glasses in aqueous solutions
JO  - Materials Letters
JF  - Materials Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 57
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3022
SN  - 0167577X
AB  - Zr-based amorphous alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in 3.5% NaCl solution and good corrosion resistance in HNO3 and H2SO4 solutions. The corrosion resistance of Zr-based alloy is extremely poor in HCl solution. Zr-based specimens after various tests show excellent pitting corrosion resistance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION resistant alloys
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Aqueous solutions
KW  - Corrosion resistance
KW  - Pitting corrosion
KW  - Zr-based amorphous alloy
N1  - Accession Number: 9900140; Chieh, T.C. 1 Chu, J. 1 Liu, C.T. 2 Wu, J.K. 1; Email Address: a0055@mail.ntou.edu.tw; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Materials Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 57 Issue 20, p3022; Subject Term: CORROSION resistant alloys; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pitting corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zr-based amorphous alloy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-577X(02)01424-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daniel Elvira, V.
T1  - Jet measurements at DØ using a <F>κT</F> algorithm
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 09205632
AB  - DØ has implemented and calibrated a <F>κ∼</F> jet algorithm for the first time in a <F>p<OVL TYPE="BAR" STYLE="S">p</OVL></F> collider. We present two results based on 1992–1996 data which were recently published: the subjet multiplicity in quark and gluon jets and the central inclusive jet cross section. The measured ratio between subjet multiplicities in gluon and quark jets is consistent with theoretical predictions and previous experimental values. NLO pQCD predictions of the κt] inclusive jet cross section agree with the DØ measurement, although marginally in the low <F>PT</F> range. We also present a preliminary measurement of thrust cross sections, which indicates the need to include higher than <F>αs3</F> terms and resumation in the theoretical calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091449; Daniel Elvira, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.Ø. Box 500, Batavia, IL, 60510-500, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 121 Issue 1-3, p21; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cecconi, Fabio
AU  - del-Castillo-Negrete, Diego
AU  - Falcioni, Massimo
AU  - Vulpiani, Angelo
T1  - The origin of diffusion: the case of non-chaotic systems
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 180
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
SN  - 01672789
AB  - We investigate the origin of diffusion in non-chaotic systems. As an example, we consider 1D map models whose slope is everywhere 1 (therefore the Lyapunov exponent is zero) but with random quenched discontinuities and quasi-periodic forcing. The models are constructed as non-chaotic approximations of chaotic maps showing deterministic diffusion, and represent one-dimensional versions of a Lorentz gas with polygonal obstacles (e.g., the Ehrenfest wind-tree model). In particular, a simple construction shows that these maps define non-chaotic billiards in space–time. The models exhibit, in a wide range of the parameters, the same diffusive behavior of the corresponding chaotic versions. We present evidence of two sufficient ingredients for diffusive behavior in one-dimensional, non-chaotic systems: (i) a finite size, algebraic instability mechanism; (ii) a mechanism that suppresses periodic orbits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - LYAPUNOV functions
KW  - Chaos
KW  - Diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 9857010; Cecconi, Fabio 1; Email Address: cecconif@roma1.infn.it del-Castillo-Negrete, Diego 2 Falcioni, Massimo 1 Vulpiani, Angelo 1; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica and INFM Center for Statistical Mechanics and Complexity, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le A.Moro 2, Rome 00185, Italy  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS 8071, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8071, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 180 Issue 3/4, p129; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: LYAPUNOV functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2789(03)00051-4
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brničević, Nevenka
AU  - Bašic, Ivan
AU  - Hoxha, Besnik
AU  - Planinić, Pavica
AU  - McCarley, Robert E.
T1  - Molybdenum and tungsten methoxo clusters with differently bonded methoxo groups.: Crystal structure of [Na(CH3OH)5]2[Mo6(μ3-Br)8(OCH3)6]
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1553
SN  - 02775387
AB  - New molybdenum and tungsten methoxo clusters of the composition [M6(μ3-X)8X2(μ-OCH3)4/2]·2CH3OH (M=Mo, W; X=Cl, Br), [Mo6(μ3-X)8(OCH3)2(μ-OCH3)4/2]·CH3OH (X=Cl, Br) and [Na(CH3OH)5]2[Mo6(μ3-Br)8(OCH3)6] containing bridging (μ), both bridging and terminal, or terminal methoxo groups, respectively, have been prepared. The preparation procedures, spectroscopic and physical properties, including X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) have been correlated. The crystal structure has been solved for [Na(CH3OH)5]2[Mo6(μ3-Br)8(OCH3)6]. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system. The structure is built of two [Na(CH3OH)5]+ cations and the [Mo6(μ3-Br)8(OCH3)6]2− anion. All six-oxygen atoms from coordinated methoxo groups are acceptors of hydrogen of coordinated methanol molecules from the six neighbouring cations making a three-dimensional packing network. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM compounds
KW  - TUNGSTEN compounds
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - Methoxo complexes
KW  - Molybdenum clusters
KW  - Tungsten clusters
KW  - X-ray crystal structures
N1  - Accession Number: 9949578; Brničević, Nevenka 1; Email Address: brnicevi@rudjer.irb.hr Bašic, Ivan 1 Hoxha, Besnik 2 Planinić, Pavica 1 McCarley, Robert E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Rudjer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia  2: Faculty of Mining and Metallurgy, Mitrovica, Serbia and Montenegro, Minor Yugoslavia  3: Ames Laboratory, USDOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 22 Issue 12, p1553; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM compounds; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN compounds; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methoxo complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray crystal structures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0277-5387(03)00290-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fulton, John L.
AU  - Deverman, George S.
AU  - Yonker, Clement R.
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
AU  - Young, James De
AU  - McClain, James B.
T1  - Thin fluoropolymer films and nanoparticle coatings from the rapid expansion of supercritical carbon dioxide solutions with electrostatic collection
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3627
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Application of nanometer thick fluoropolymer films onto metal and semiconducting substrates is described. In the first step, nanometer-sized polymer particles are generated by a process of homogeneous nucleation during the rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions. These gas-phase particles are then charged as they are being formed by application of a high voltage to the expansion nozzle. In this way the charged nanoparticles can be collected on a solid surface forming uniform coatings with thicknesses from tens of nanometers to several micrometers thick. Supercritical carbon dioxide solutions of three different fluoropolymers were used to generate different types of coatings. This represents a ‘green’ process for film deposition. A further unique aspect of this process is that the small charged nanoparticles can be deposited to electrically conducting microscopic regions with a spatial resolution better than 50 nm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - METALS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - Polymer composite materials
KW  - Polymer materials
KW  - Polymer science and technology
N1  - Accession Number: 9920444; Fulton, John L. 1; Email Address: john.fulton@pnl.gov Deverman, George S. 1 Yonker, Clement R. 1 Grate, Jay W. 1 Young, James De 2 McClain, James B. 2; Email Address: jmcclain@micell.com; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Environmental and Health Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, MS P8-19, Richland, WA 99352USA  2: Micell Technologies, 7516 Precision Drive, Raleigh, NC 27617, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 44 Issue 13, p3627; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer composite materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer science and technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00280-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hathorn, Bryan C.
AU  - Sumpter, Bobby G.
AU  - Noid, Donald W.
AU  - Tuzun, Robert E.
AU  - Yang, Chao
T1  - Computational simulation of polymer particle structures: vibrational normal modes using the time averaged normal coordinate analysis method
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3761
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The structures composed of individual polymer nanoparticles are simulated using a molecular dynamics technique. Structures composed of model polyethylene particles consisting of between 3000 and 24,000 monomer units are paired into dimers in a molecular dynamics simulation. The vibrational motion of the polymer particle structures corresponding to the stretching vibration between particles is studied using the time averaged normal coordinate analysis method. The data are fit to an empirical formula based on the expected scaling of the force constants with the surface contact area, yielding a formula which could be extrapolated to large particle structures which can be experimentally generated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - THERMOPLASTICS
KW  - Dimer
KW  - Time averaged normal coordinate analysis
KW  - Vibrational normal modes
N1  - Accession Number: 9920462; Hathorn, Bryan C. 1; Email Address: bryan@kennel.caltech.edu Sumpter, Bobby G. 1 Noid, Donald W. 1 Tuzun, Robert E. 2 Yang, Chao 3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Computer Science and Mathematics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Department of Computational Science, SUNY College at Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA  3: National Energy Research Sci. Comp. Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 44 Issue 13, p3761; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: THERMOPLASTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time averaged normal coordinate analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrational normal modes; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00436-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Altenberger, I.
AU  - Stach, E.A.
AU  - Liu, G.
AU  - Nalla, R.K.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - An in situ transmission electron microscope study of the thermal stability of near-surface microstructures induced by deep rolling and laser-shock peening
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/06/15/
VL  - 48
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1593
SN  - 13596462
AB  - We investigate the thermal stability of near-surface microstructures induced by deep rolling and laser-shock peening in AISI 304 stainless steel (AISI 304) and Ti–6Al–4V using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The improvements in fatigue resistance at elevated temperature are related to the high-temperature stability of the work-hardened near-surface microstructure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - AISI 304
KW  - Deep rolling
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Laser-shock peening
KW  - Surface treatment
KW  - Ti–6Al–4V
N1  - Accession Number: 9572530; Altenberger, I. 1 Stach, E.A. 2 Liu, G. 3,4 Nalla, R.K. 3,4 Ritchie, R.O. 3,4; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Kassel, Germany  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 48 Issue 12, p1593; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: AISI 304; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep rolling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-shock peening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti–6Al–4V; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00143-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rubinstein, R.
T1  - Two Decades of Mexican Particle Physics at Fermilab.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/06/16/
VL  - 670
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This report is a view from Fermilab of Mexican particle physics at the Laboratory since about 1980; it is not intended to be a history of Mexican particle physics: that topic is outside the expertise of the writer. The period 1980 to the present coincides with the growth of Mexican experimental particle physics from essentially no activity to its current state where Mexican groups take part in experiments at several of the world's major laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - LABORATORIES
N1  - Accession Number: 10220708; Rubinstein, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 670 Issue 1, p352; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morfín, Jorge G.
T1  - The Fermilab Neutrino Physics Program.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/06/16/
VL  - 670
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The NuMI Facility at Fermilab will provide an extremely intense beam of neutrinos for the MINOS neutrino oscillation experiment. The status and expected results of the MINOS experiment will be reviewed. As a next step in the study of neutrino oscillation parameters, an experiment designed to detect the sub-dominant vμ → V[SUBe] oscillation has been proposed and will be briefly described. Finally, to accurately interpret the experimental results and minimize the systematic error of neutrino oscillation experiments, as well as investigate a poorly studied aspect of neutrino physics, a high-statistics neutrino scattering experiment off various nuclei has been proposed. The physics and conceptual detector design of this experiment will be outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO interactions
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10220703; Morfín, Jorge G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 670 Issue 1, p387; Subject Term: NEUTRINO interactions; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berisso, M. C.
AU  - Christian, D. C.
AU  - Felix, J.
AU  - Gara, A.
AU  - Gottschalk, E. E.
AU  - Gutiérrez, G.
AU  - Hartouni, E. P.
AU  - Knapp, B. C.
AU  - Kreisler, M. N.
AU  - Lee, S.
AU  - Markianos, K.
AU  - Moreno, G.
AU  - Reyes, M. A.
AU  - Wang, M. H. L. S.
AU  - Wehmann, A.
AU  - Wesson, D.
T1  - FNAL-E690: Charm, Light Meson, and Baryon Polarization Studies.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/06/16/
VL  - 670
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report physics results of charm diffractive production, light meson spectroscopy, and baryon polarization, from studies carried out with data from experiment E690 of Fermilab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION of electromagnetic waves
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Charm
KW  - BARYON resonance
KW  - MESON spectroscopy
KW  - HADRON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10220701; Berisso, M. C. 1 Christian, D. C. 2 Felix, J. 3 Gara, A. 4 Gottschalk, E. E. 2 Gutiérrez, G. 2 Hartouni, E. P. Knapp, B. C. 4 Kreisler, M. N. 1,5 Lee, S. 1 Markianos, K. 1 Moreno, G. 3 Reyes, M. A. 3 Wang, M. H. L. S. 1,2 Wehmann, A. 2 Wesson, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts  2: Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois  3: Universidad de Guanajuato, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico  4: Columbia University, Nevis Laboratory, New York  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 670 Issue 1, p399; Subject Term: POLARIZATION of electromagnetic waves; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Charm; Subject Term: BARYON resonance; Subject Term: MESON spectroscopy; Subject Term: HADRON spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.
T1  - Recent results from the STAR experiment at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/06/16/
VL  - 670
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - At high energy density, nuclear matter is predicted to undergo a phase transition to a deconfined state consisting of free quarks and gluons. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory is dedicate to the experimental study of high energy nuclear collisions with the goal of studying such a deconfined state, the Quark-Gluon Plasma. I will discuss recent results from the STAR experiment pertaining to which suggest novel nuclear effects in the production of high transverse momentum hadrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10220698; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 670 Issue 1, p423; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Ben-Wei
AU  - Wang, Xin-Nian
T1  - Multiple parton scattering in nuclei: beyond helicity amplitude approximation
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/06/16/
VL  - 720
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Multiple parton scattering and induced parton energy loss in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) off heavy nuclei is studied within the framework of generalized factorization in perturbative QCD with a complete calculation beyond the helicity amplitude (or soft bremsstrahlung) approximation. Such a calculation gives rise to new corrections to the modified quark fragmentation functions. The effective parton energy loss is found to be reduced by a factor of <f>5/6</f> from the result of helicity amplitude approximation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HEAVY nuclei
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 9656867; Zhang, Ben-Wei 1 Wang, Xin-Nian 2,3; Email Address: xnwang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Particle Physics, Huazhong Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China  2: Nuclear Science Division, MS 70R0319, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: Department of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 720 Issue 3/4, p429; Subject Term: HEAVY nuclei; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01003-0
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yue, Song
AU  - Tian, Mingliang
AU  - Zhang, Yuheng
T1  - Transverse thermoelectric power in the molybdenum blue bronze <f>K0.3MoO3</f>
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/06/16/
VL  - 312
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
SN  - 03759601
AB  - Transverse thermoelectric power (TEP) along the <f>[102]</f> direction (<f>S[102]</f>) was measured in a series of pure or doped potassium blue bronzes from 80 to 300 K. With the temperature increases, unlike that along the <f>b</f> axis (<f>Sb</f>), <f>S[102]</f> gradually deviates from typical semiconductor behavior and metallic behavior below and above the Peierls transition (<f>Tp</f>), respectively. These departures were qualitatively understood in the scenario of the transverse tunnelling among the 1D chains, which can be consolidated with the significant influence of the alkali doping in the samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - THERMOELECTRICITY
KW  - ALKALIES
N1  - Accession Number: 9907896; Yue, Song; Email Address: yuesong@mail.ustc.edu.cn Tian, Mingliang 1 Zhang, Yuheng 1; Affiliation:  1: Structure Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, PR China; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 312 Issue 5/6, p391; Subject Term: THERMOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: ALKALIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325181 Alkali and chlorine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00688-1
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trebosc, J.
AU  - Amoureux, J.-P.
AU  - Wiench, J.W.
AU  - Pruski, M.
T1  - Simultaneous frequency-selective solid-state NMR analysis of internuclear distances and through-bond connectivities in the presence of quadrupolar nuclei
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/18/
VL  - 374
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 432
SN  - 00092614
AB  - In solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the potential of rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) for deriving distance information is well documented in the literature for isolated pairs of spin-1/2 nuclei. Several extensions of REDOR to more complex spin-1/2 systems have been proposed. Herein, we investigate the feasibility of the frequency-selective REDOR approach to a multispin system <f>SIn</f>, where S spin is a quadrupolar nucleus. In addition, we describe the effect of scalar couplings <f>JSI</f> on these measurements and use this result to study through-bond connectivities between 27Al and 31P in VPI5. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 10061211; Trebosc, J. 1 Amoureux, J.-P. 1; Email Address: jean-paul.amoureux@univ-lille1.fr Wiench, J.W. 2 Pruski, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: LCPS, CNRS-8012, Université de Lille-1, F-59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 374 Issue 5/6, p432; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00575-X
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Franceschetti, A.
AU  - Pennycook, S.J.
AU  - Pantelides, S.T.
T1  - Oxygen chemisorption on Au nanoparticles
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/18/
VL  - 374
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Oxygen molecules do not adsorb on flat gold surfaces at room temperature, but recent experimental results have demonstrated adsorption of oxygen on small, negatively charged gold nanoparticles. Here we report first-principles density functional calculations of oxygen adsorption on neutral and charged Aun nanoparticles. We find that: (i) Oxygen molecules chemisorb on Aun clusters, with typical binding energies of 0.5–1.5 eV; the binding energy is larger for negatively charged clusters. (ii) In the most stable configurations, the two oxygen atoms are spatially separated and form a linear O–Au–O bridge. The results establish a correlation between the experimental reactivity of gold clusters and the oxygen binding energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - CHEMISORPTION
KW  - GOLD
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 10061225; Franceschetti, A. 1,2; Email Address: faa@ornl.gov Pennycook, S.J. 2 Pantelides, S.T. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 374 Issue 5/6, p471; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: CHEMISORPTION; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00725-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shanklin, John
AU  - Whittle, Edward
T1  - Evidence linking the Pseudomonas oleovorans alkane ω-hydroxylase, an integral membrane diiron enzyme, and the fatty acid desaturase family
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/19/
VL  - 545
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Pseudomonas oleovorans alkane ω-hydroxylase (AlkB) is an integral membrane diiron enzyme that shares a requirement for iron and oxygen for activity in a manner similar to that of the non-heme integral membrane desaturases, epoxidases, acetylenases, conjugases, ketolases, decarbonylase and methyl oxidases. No overall sequence similarity is detected between AlkB and these desaturase-like enzymes by computer algorithms; however, they do contain a series of histidine residues in a similar relative positioning with respect to hydrophobic regions thought to be transmembrane domains. To test whether these conserved histidine residues are functionally equivalent to those of the desaturase-like enzymes we used scanning alanine mutagenesis to test if they are essential for activity of AlkB. These experiments show that alanine substitution of any of the eight conserved histidines results in complete inactivation, whereas replacement of three non-conserved histidines in close proximity to the conserved residues, results in only partial inactivation. These data provide the first experimental support for the hypotheses: (i) that the histidine motif in AlkB is equivalent to that in the desaturase-like enzymes and (ii) that the conserved histidine residues play a vital role such as coordinating the Fe ions comprising the diiron active site. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - Alkane ω-hydroxylase
KW  - AlkB, alkane ω-hydroxylase
KW  - Cytochrome P450
KW  - Desaturase
KW  - EC 1.14.15.3
KW  - Oxygenase
KW  - PCR, polymerase chain reaction
N1  - Accession Number: 9952283; Shanklin, John; Email Address: shanklin@bnl.gov Whittle, Edward 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 463, 50 Bell Ave., Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 545 Issue 2/3, p188; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkane ω-hydroxylase; Author-Supplied Keyword: AlkB, alkane ω-hydroxylase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome P450; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desaturase; Author-Supplied Keyword: EC 1.14.15.3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00529-5
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeSain
AU  - J. D.
AU  - Taatjes
AU  - C. A.
T1  - Infrared Laser Absorption Measurements of the Kinetics of Propargyl Radical Self-Reaction and the 193 nm Photolysis of Propyne.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/06/19/
VL  - 107
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4843
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Infrared laser absorption spectroscopy is used to investigate recent discrepancies in measurements of the propargyl radical self-reaction rate coefficient and product formation in 193 nm photolysis of propyne. The cross section of the propargyl radical is measured relative to that of HCl using the Cl + propyne reaction, yielding a peak absorption cross section (assuming Doppler-limited line shapes) of (1.9 ± 0.4) × 10-18 cm2 for the P(12) line of the ν1 fundamental at 296 K. The rate coefficient for the propargyl radical (CH2CCH) self-reaction is determined by modeling the infrared absorption of the propargyl radical formed in the 193 nm photolysis of propargyl chloride (HCCCH2Cl) and propargyl bromide (HCCCH2Br), using a more precise literature determination of the pressure-broadened absorption cross section. The propargyl self-reaction rate coefficient so obtained, (3.9 ± 0.6) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, is consistent with several recent measurements but disagrees significantly with the one previous infrared absorption determination. Both the propargyl radical and acetylene (HCCH) are observed in the 193 nm photolysis of propyne (CH3CCH). The propargyl is formed promptly following the UV photolysis pulse, and the magnitude of the signal is unaffected by the addition of O2. The observed propargyl signal is consistent with direct CH2CCH formation in the 193 nm photolysis of propyne and appears inconsistent with formation by secondary reactions of the 1-propynyl radical (CH3CC). The observed CH2CCH yield per 193 nm photon absorbed is 0.49 ± 0.10. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROPANE
KW  - LASER spectroscopy
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 10657399; DeSain J. D. 1 Taatjes C. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Mail Stop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 24, p4843; Subject Term: PROPANE; Subject Term: LASER spectroscopy; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirata
AU  - S.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
AU  - Szczepanski
AU  - J.
AU  - Vala
T1  - Time-Dependent Density Functional Study of the Electronic Excited States of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Radical Ions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/06/19/
VL  - 107
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4940
SN  - 10895639
AB  - A uniform, comprehensive theoretical interpretation of spectroscopic data is presented for 51 radical ion species of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with the aid of (Tamm-Dancoff) time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). TDDFT is capable of predicting the transition energies to the low-lying excited states of PAH ions with quantitative accuracy (the standard deviation from experimental results being less than 0.3 eV) and their intensity patterns qualitatively correctly. The accuracy is hardly affected by the sizes of PAH ions (azulene through dinaphthocoronene), the types of transitions (Koopmans or satellite transitions), the types of orbitals involved (π* ← π, π* ← σ, or σ* ← π transitions), the types of ions (cations or anions), or other geometrical or electronic perturbations (nonplanarity, sp3 carbons, or heterocyclic or nonbenzenoid rings). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10657410; Hirata S. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1 Szczepanski J. 1 Vala; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 24, p4940; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Darmstadt, H.
AU  - Roy, C.
AU  - Kaliaguine, S.
AU  - Joo, S.H.
AU  - Ryoo, R.
T1  - Pore structure and graphitic surface nature of ordered mesoporous carbons probed by low-pressure nitrogen adsorption
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2003/06/19/
VL  - 60
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 13871811
AB  - Ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) were produced by pyrolysis of sucrose adsorbed in two different silica matrices (MCM-48 and SBA-15), followed by dissolution of the matrix in hydrofluoric acid. Subsequently, some of these OMCs were heat-treated at temperatures of up to 1600 °C. The OMC pore structure was studied by low-pressure nitrogen adsorption. Information on the graphitic order of the surface of the mesopore walls was also obtained from the nitrogen adsorption data. These results were correlated to the order of the graphene layers at the outer surface, which was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The OMCs were predominantly mesoporous, but they also contained micropores. For OMCs produced in an SBA-15 matrix, the micropore volume decreased upon heating. After heating to 1600 °C, nearly all micropores had disappeared. Furthermore, upon heating the width of the mesopores increased from 35 to 50 A˚. All these changes can be explained by a shrinking of the OMC framework upon heating. A different behavior was found for OMCs derived from MCM-48. Upon heating these materials at increasingly high temperatures, the width of the mesopores first decreased, and for temperatures above 1100 °C it increased again. For all OMCs studied the graphitic order of the mesopores and the order of the graphene layers at the outer surface increased upon heating. For a given temperature, the graphitic surface order of OMCs derived from SBA-15 and MCM-48 was similar. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - HYDROFLUORIC acid
KW  - MCM-48
KW  - Mesoporous carbon
KW  - Nitrogen adsorption
KW  - SBA-15
KW  - Surface order
N1  - Accession Number: 9953113; Darmstadt, H. 1; Email Address: hans.darmstadt@gch.ulaval.ca Roy, C. 1 Kaliaguine, S. 1 Joo, S.H. 2 Ryoo, R. 2; Email Address: rryoo@mail.kaist.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Laval University, Québec, Qc, Canada G1K 7P4  2: National Creative Research Initiative Center for Functional Nanomaterials and Department of Chemistry (Center for Molecular Science-BK21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, South Korea; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 60 Issue 1-3, p139; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: HYDROFLUORIC acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCM-48; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: SBA-15; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface order; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-1811(03)00335-4
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chung, S.U.
AU  - Klempt, E.
T1  - Vector mesons in <f>qq¯qq¯</f> systems
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/06/19/
VL  - 563
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We discuss the vector mesons, <f>IG(JPC)=1+(1−−)</f> and <f>1−(1−+)</f> in <f>10⊕<ovl type="bar" STYLE="S">10</ovl></f> representations, decaying into two ground-state octets. We derive a powerful selection rule, valid in the limit of flavor <f>SU(3)</f> symmetry. The octets considered are <f>{π}</f>, <f>{ρ}</f>, <f>{b1}</f>, <f>{a1}</f> and <f>{a2}</f>, labeled by the isovector state in the representation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - <f>SU(3)</f> symmetry
KW  - Four-quark exotic mesons
KW  - Nonstrange vector mesons
N1  - Accession Number: 9856874; Chung, S.U. 1; Email Address: suchung@bnl.gov Klempt, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik Universität Bonn, Nußallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 563 Issue 1/2, p83; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>SU(3)</f> symmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Four-quark exotic mesons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonstrange vector mesons; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00605-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bunce, Gerry
T1  - The Physics of RHIC Spin.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/06/20/
VL  - 672
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 100
EP  - 109
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have started a program of colliding polarized protons in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven. This is the first polarized proton collider. We plan to probe the spin structure of the proton with strongly interacting probes, polarized quarks and gluons, to complement work with polarized lepton probes which observed that only 25% of the proton spin is carried by quarks and anti-quarks. We will also use parity violation to search for new physics, such as quark substructure or a Z' boson. The collider is unique. We will be probing QCD with a completely new tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS -- Polarization
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10388272; Bunce, Gerry 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: Riken BNL Research Center, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 672 Issue 1, p100; Subject Term: PROTONS -- Polarization; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1594397
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeh, Minfang
T1  - Recent SNO Results.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/06/20/
VL  - 672
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
EP  - 132
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Solar Neutrinos from the decay of [SUP8]B have been detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) by charged current (CC) and neutral current (NC) interactions on deuterium and elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The SNO data indicate that with the assumption of undistorted [SUP8]B shape, the flux for ν[SUBe] is φ[SUBe] = 1.76[SUP+0.05,SUB-0.05] (stat.)[SUP+0.09,SUB-0.09] (syst.) × 10[SUP6] cm[SUP-2]s[SUP-1] for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-ν[SUBe] Flux is φ[SUBμτ] = 3.41[SUP+0.45,SUB-0.45 (stat.)[SUP+0.48,SUB-0.45](syst.) × 10[SUP6] cm[SUP-2]s[SUP-1]. This provides strong evidence for solar ν[SUBe] flavor transformation. The day and night solar neutrino energy spectra and rates have also been measured. For CC events, the ν[SUBe] asymmetry is 14.0% ± 6.3%[SUP+1.5.SUB-1.4]%. By additionally constraining the total (NC) flux of active neutrinos to have no asymmetry, the ν[SUBe] asymmetry becomes 7.0% ± 4.9%[SUP+1.3,SUB-1.2]%. A global solar neutrino analysis strongly favors the Large Mixing Angle (LMA) solution in a two-flavor neutrino oscillation model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - SOLAR radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 10388269; Yeh, Minfang 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Department-555, Upton, NY 11973-5000; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 672 Issue 1, p126; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1594400
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curtright, Thomas
AU  - Zachos, Cosmas
T1  - Quantizing Dirac and Nambu Brackets.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/06/20/
VL  - 672
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
EP  - 182
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We relate classical and quantum Dirac and Nambu brackets. At the classical level, we use the relations between the two brackets to gain some insight into the Jacobi identity for Dirac brackets, among other things. At the quantum level, we suggest that the Nambu bracket is the preferred method for introducing constraints, although at the expense of some unorthodox behavior, which we describe in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIRAC equation
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10388265; Curtright, Thomas 1,2; Email Address: zachos@hep.anl.gov Zachos, Cosmas 1,2; Email Address: curtright@physics.miami.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124-8046  2: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 672 Issue 1, p165; Subject Term: DIRAC equation; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1594404
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zachos, Cosmas K.
AU  - Curtright, Thomas L.
T1  - Deformation Quantization of Nambu Mechanics.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/06/20/
VL  - 672
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 196
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Phase Space is the framework best suited for quantizing superintegrable systems-systems with more conserved quantities than degrees of freedom. In this quantization method, the symmetry algebras of the hamiltonian invariants are preserved most naturally, as illustrated on nonlinear σ-models, specifically for Chiral Models and de Sitter N-spheres. Classically, the dynamics of superintegrable models such as these is automatically also described by Nambu Brackets involving the extra symmetry invariants of them. The phase-space quantization worked out then leads to the quantization of the corresponding Nambu Brackets, validating Nambu's original proposal, despite excessive fears of inconsistency which have arisen over the years. This is a pedagogical talk based on [1, 2], stressing points of interpretation and care needed in appreciating the consistency of Quantum Nambu Brackets in phase space. For a parallel discussion in Hilbert space, see T Curtright's contribution in these Proceedings, [hep-th/0303088]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE space (Statistical physics)
KW  - GENERALIZED spaces (Mathematics)
KW  - HILBERT space
KW  - INNER product spaces
N1  - Accession Number: 10388264; Zachos, Cosmas K. 1,2; Email Address: curtright@physics.miami.edu Curtright, Thomas L. 1,2; Email Address: zachos@hep.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815  2: Department of Physics, University of Miami, Box 248046, Coral Gables, Florida 33124; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 672 Issue 1, p183; Subject Term: PHASE space (Statistical physics); Subject Term: GENERALIZED spaces (Mathematics); Subject Term: HILBERT space; Subject Term: INNER product spaces; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1594405
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mattsson, Thomas R.
AU  - Swartzentruber, B.S.
AU  - Stumpf, Roland
AU  - Feibelman, Peter J.
T1  - Electric field effects on surface dynamics: Si ad-dimer diffusion and rotation on Si(<f>0 0 1</f>)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/06/20/
VL  - 536
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Density functional calculations show that the electric field effect on Si ad-dimer diffusion on Si(0 0 1) is largely a reflection of the position dependence of the ad-dimer’s dipole moment. Surface diffusion barriers’ dependence on perpendicular electric fields can be used to discriminate between diffusion mechanisms. Since the previously accepted mechanism for ad-dimer diffusion on Si(0 0 1) has the opposite field dependence to what is observed, it cannot be the one that dominates mass-transport. We identify an alternate process, with a similar barrier at zero electric field and field dependence in agreement with measurements. For rotation, calculations to date show linear field dependence, in contrast to experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 9907840; Mattsson, Thomas R. 1; Email Address: tkmatts@sandia.gov Swartzentruber, B.S. 1 Stumpf, Roland 2 Feibelman, Peter J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Surface and Interface Science Department, MS 1415, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1415, USA  2: Motorola Labs, Los Alamos Research Park, 4200 W Jemez Road, Suite 300, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 536 Issue 1-3, p121; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00565-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Unel, Muge Karagoz
AU  - Tesarek, Richard J.
T1  - Beam halo monitoring at CDF
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06/21/
VL  - 506
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Losses from the proton and antiproton beams of the Fermilab Tevatron have been shown to produce a halo which contribute to backgrounds to physics signals in the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). To provide a measure of the beam halo and losses, we have installed arrays of scintillation counters on both sides of the CDF detector. We describe here the physical configuration of these counters, their implementation and performance within the Fermilab Accelerator Control Network (ACNET). We show correlations between these new devices and the accelerator operating conditions. We point out that the use of these monitors is leading to improvement in the accelerator operations and reduced backgrounds in CDF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - Beam halo and losses
KW  - Beam monitors
KW  - CDF (Tevatron)
KW  - Radiation detectors
KW  - Radiation monitoring
N1  - Accession Number: 10009739; Unel, Muge Karagoz 1; Email Address: karagozm@fnal.gov Tesarek, Richard J. 2; Email Address: tesarek@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 506 Issue 1/2, p7; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam halo and losses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam monitors; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF (Tevatron); Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation monitoring; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01367-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Granier, T.
AU  - Pangault, L.
AU  - Ethvignot, T.
AU  - Haight, R.C.
AU  - Ledoux, X.
AU  - Méot, V.
AU  - Patin, Y.
AU  - Pras, P.
AU  - Szmigiel, M.
AU  - Rundberg, R.S.
AU  - Wilhelmy, J.B.
T1  - Measuring neutron-induced fission cross-section of shortlived actinides using a lead neutron-slowing-down spectrometer
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/06/21/
VL  - 506
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The “lead-slowing-down-spectrometer” method is an established technique for measuring neutron-induced reaction cross-sections. It is known to provide high neutron fluences below <f>100 keV</f>. In this work, the possibility of applying this method to the measurement of the neutron-induced fission cross-section of shortlived actinides and in particular of the <f>77 eV</f> isomer of <f>235U</f> is investigated. Numerical simulations and a test-experiment using a photovaltaic cell fission detector demonstrate the feasibility of such a measurement at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center using <f>800 MeV</f> proton-induced spallation to provide source neutrons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - Isomers
KW  - Neutron spectrometry
KW  - Nuclear data
KW  - Nuclear fission
KW  - Uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 10009756; Granier, T. 1; Email Address: thierry.granier@cea.fr Pangault, L. 2 Ethvignot, T. 1 Haight, R.C. 2 Ledoux, X. 1 Méot, V. 1 Patin, Y. 1 Pras, P. 1 Szmigiel, M. 1 Rundberg, R.S. 2 Wilhelmy, J.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique, (CEA)/DAM Ile De France, Service de Physique Nucléaire, BP 12, Bruyères-le-Châtel 91680, France  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 506 Issue 1/2, p149; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isomers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear fission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01373-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones
AU  - C. Y.
AU  - Marshall
AU  - S. L.
AU  - Chakoumakos
AU  - B. C.
AU  - Rawn
AU  - C. J.
AU  - Ishii
AU  - Y.
T1  - Structure and Thermal Expansivity of Tetrahydrofuran Deuterate Determined by Neutron Powder Diffraction.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6026
EP  - 6031
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The crystal structure of tetrahydrofuran deuterate, a clathrate hydrate, has been refined from neutron powder diffraction data at five temperatures in the range 7−265 K. The thermal expansivity was shown to be greater than that of ice Ih in the same range of temperature (T), as observed in previous studies of other clathrates. The overall effect of T has been resolved into contributions from different geometrical parameters in the structure. Thus, an increase in T results in expansion of the host-lattice framework with increases in both the D−D and O−O distances and out-of-plane tilting of water molecules. The greatest dependence on T is exhibited by the D−D distances and the distortion of the hexagonal faces from planarity, which is particularly pronounced in the range 75−140 K. The cage volumes show a complex dependence on T:  from 7 to 140 K, the volume of the small cage decreases slightly and that of the large cage increases, and between 140 and 205 K, the trend is reversed. The most pronounced structural changes occur in a similar regime of T as changes in guest dynamics observed in spectroscopic and thermodynamic studies. The temperature dependences of the structure and &agr;(T), when considered along with the relation of &agr;(T) to the degree of anharmonicity in bonding,34 could be formulated to provide a sensitive test of molecular models of clathrate hydrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TETRAHYDROFURAN
KW  - MOLECULAR models
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 20224993; Jones C. Y. 1 Marshall S. L. 1 Chakoumakos B. C. 1 Rawn C. J. 1 Ishii Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun 311-1195, Japan; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 25, p6026; Subject Term: TETRAHYDROFURAN; Subject Term: MOLECULAR models; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rondinone
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Chakoumakos
AU  - B. C.
AU  - Rawn
AU  - C. J.
AU  - Ishii
AU  - Y.
T1  - Neutron Diffraction Study of Structure I and Structure II Trimethylene Oxide Clathrate Deuterate.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6046
EP  - 6050
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Trimethylene oxide (TMO) forms structure I or II hydrates depending on stoichiometry and affords the opportunity to compare and contrast the temperature dependence of the crystal structure parameters for the two major hydrate structure types occluding a common guest molecule. Structures I and II TMO deuterates were synthesized from D2O and hydrogenated TMO at the ratio of 6.25:1 D2O:TMO (mole) for structure I and 17:1 D2O:TMO for structure II. The samples were studied with powder neutron diffraction using the high-resolution powder diffractometer at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, research reactor JRR-3M. The guest−host interactions of TMO in the 51262 and 51264 cavities were modeled using rigid-body constraints. Data were collected at 10 (12 K for structure I), 40, 70, 100, 130, 160, 190, 220, and 250 K for both structure types. The volumes of the 512 and 51262 or 51264 cages of both structure types were computed at each temperature. Cage volume calculations, rigid-body orientations, and rigid-body mean-squared displacement parameters revealed perturbations in the host lattice due to guest molecule motion/orientation for the structure I deuterate but not for the structure II deuterate. The guest molecule motion approximates that in the gas phase with some restrictions imposed by the deuterate cage. Below 105 K, the guest molecule tends to orient the ether oxygen toward the hexagonal face of the structure I 51262 cage. Above 105 K the ether oxygen moves away from the hexagonal face of the 51262 cage to an angle of about 50°, corresponding to an increase in volume for the 51262 cage and a decrease in volume for the 512 cage. The most rapid changes with respect to temperature occur between 160 and 190 K. Similar behavior was not noted for the structure II deuterate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - CYCLOPROPANE
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 20224996; Rondinone A. J. 1 Chakoumakos B. C. 1 Rawn C. J. 1 Ishii Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Solid State Division, and Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan 319-1195; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 25, p6046; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: CYCLOPROPANE; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doorn
AU  - S. K.
AU  - Strano
AU  - M. S.
AU  - O'Connell
AU  - M. J.
AU  - Haroz
AU  - E. H.
AU  - Rialon
AU  - K. L.
AU  - Hauge
AU  - R. H.
AU  - Smalley
AU  - R. E.
T1  - Capillary Electrophoresis Separations of Bundled and Individual Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6063
EP  - 6069
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been performed on polymer-stabilized bundles and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) suspensions of high-pressure carbon monoxide (HiPco)-produced single-walled carbon nanotubes. Real-time Raman spectroscopy has been used for detection and characterization of the separation process. Radial-breathing-mode vibrational frequencies are sensitive to nanotube diameter. Monitoring of these modes demonstrates the separation of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-stabilized tubes into fractions of differing bundle composition. Separations on SDS suspensions indicate that CE is capable of separating bundled nanotubes from isolated individuals on the basis of differences in nanotube mobility, depending on changes in diameter or bundle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - CARBON monoxide
N1  - Accession Number: 20225000; Doorn S. K. 1 Strano M. S. 1 O'Connell M. J. 1 Haroz E. H. 1 Rialon K. L. 1 Hauge R. H. 1 Smalley R. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division (MS-J563, C-ACS), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, and Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251-1892; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 25, p6063; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibaud
AU  - A.
AU  - Grosso
AU  - D.
AU  - Smarsly
AU  - B.
AU  - Baptiste
AU  - Bardeau
AU  - J. F.
AU  - Babonneau
AU  - F.
AU  - Doshi
AU  - D. A.
AU  - Chen
AU  - Z.
AU  - Brinker
AU  - C. J.
AU  - Sanchez
AU  - C.
T1  - Evaporation-Controlled Self-Assembly of Silica Surfactant Mesophases.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6114
EP  - 6118
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Surfactant templated silica mesophases belong to the class of self-assembled materials that exhibit long range ordered two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal, three-dimensional (3D) hexagonal, or 3D cubic mesostructures when the composition of the initial deposited solution and its aging time have been optimized. Thin films of such mesophases with a thickness typically less than 300 nm are now routinely obtained by dip coating. In this study a reference solution was used with a chemical composition leading to the formation of thin films with a 3D hexagonal (P63/mmc) mesostructure by dip coating. Thick films (about 10 μm thick) were alternatively prepared by a evaporation-controlled self-assembly (ECSA) process and studied with grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). In the ECSA process, the mesostructure was developed under slower evaporation conditions than for dip-coated films by finely tuning the ethanol/H2O evaporation rate of the reference solution horizontally deposited on a silicon wafer. It is shown that the evaporation rate of the solvent is one of the key parameters that control the final mesostructure and can, under certain conditions, promote the formation of the cubic mesophase. The ability to precisely control such a structural arrangement on the mesoscale is of major interest for making sensor arrays, nanoreactors, photonic and fluidic devices, and low dielectric constant films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - THIN films
KW  - THICK films
KW  - SURFACE coatings
N1  - Accession Number: 20225006; Gibaud A. 1,2 Grosso D. 3 Smarsly B. 4 Baptiste Bardeau J. F. 5 Babonneau F. 6 Doshi D. A. 7 Chen Z. 8 Brinker C. J. 9 Sanchez C. 10; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  3: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  4: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  5: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  6: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  7: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  8: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  9: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  10: Laboratoire de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, UMR 6087 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252, Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, University of New Mexico, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 25, p6114; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poluektov
AU  - O. G.
AU  - Utschig
AU  - L. M.
AU  - Dalosto
AU  - S.
AU  - Thurnauer
AU  - M. C.
T1  - Probing Local Dynamics of the Photosynthetic Bacterial Reaction Center with a Cysteine Specific Spin Label.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/06/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6239
EP  - 6244
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A multifrequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) approach was used to probe the dynamic structure of the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (RC) protein. We have demonstrated that the cysteine specific nitroxide spin label MTSL can be covalently bound to a surface cysteine residue of Rhodobacter sphaeroides RC protein. We suggest that the MTSL nitroxide is bound to an accessible cysteine residue, H156, which is located on the surface of the protein on the H-subunit. Analysis of the multifrequency EPR spectra of the spin-labeled RC proteins suggests the restricted character of the protein dynamics. These dynamics can be described as fast libration in a cone with a correlation time faster than 10-9 s. Several dynamically nonequivalent sites were observed in the EPR spectra, which may reflect distinct conformational substates of local protein structure. This work provides a foundation for future studies with the goal of correlating protein motions with photosynthetic charge-transfer reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 20225024; Poluektov O. G. 1 Utschig L. M. 1 Dalosto S. 1 Thurnauer M. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 25, p6239; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardakci, Korkut
AU  - Thorn, Charles B.
T1  - An improved mean field approximation on the worldsheet for planar <f>φ3</f> theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/06/23/
VL  - 661
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We present an improved version of our earlier work on summing the planar graphs in <f>φ3</f> field theory. The present treatment is also based on our world sheet formalism and the mean field approximation, but it makes use of no further approximations. We derive a set of equations between the expectation values of the world sheet fields, and we investigate them in certain limits. We show that the equations can give rise to (metastable) string forming solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEAN field theory
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - 03.70.+k
N1  - Accession Number: 9857054; Bardakci, Korkut 1,2; Email Address: bardakci@thsrv.lbl.gov Thorn, Charles B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Institute for Fundamental Theory, Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 661 Issue 1/2, p235; Subject Term: MEAN field theory; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.70.+k; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00343-2
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vishik, Misha
AU  - Berman, Gennady
T1  - Asymptotic theory for quantum Bose systems with many degrees of freedom
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/06/23/
VL  - 313
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We construct asymptotic expansions of Laplace type for the time-dependent quantum averages for Bose systems with many degrees of freedom, initially populated in coherent states. These solutions are localized in phase space, and they are different from the usual oscillating asymptotics for the quasi-classical wave functions. These expansions are valid on any fixed time interval, and caustics do not contribute to the asymptotics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COHERENT states
KW  - JACOBI method
KW  - 03.65.-w
KW  - 42.50.-p
KW  - 74.20.-z
KW  - Caustics
KW  - Coherent states
KW  - Hamilton–Jacobi theory
KW  - Laplace asymptotics
N1  - Accession Number: 9951899; Vishik, Misha 1; Email Address: vishik@math.utexas.edu Berman, Gennady 2; Email Address: gpb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1082, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 313 Issue 1/2, p37; Subject Term: COHERENT states; Subject Term: JACOBI method; Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.65.-w; Author-Supplied Keyword: 42.50.-p; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74.20.-z; Author-Supplied Keyword: Caustics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamilton–Jacobi theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace asymptotics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00724-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewis, T.L.
AU  - Cook, B.A.
AU  - Harringa, J.L.
AU  - Russell, A.M.
T1  - Al2MgO4, Fe3O4, and FeB impurities in AlMgB14
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/06/25/
VL  - 351
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 09215093
AB  - AlMgB14 materials with Si and Ti additions produced by mechanical alloying/hot uniaxial pressing have recently been found to display hardness greater than 40 GPa. Al2MgO4 and Fe3O4, and FeB are common impurities in AlMgB14 produced in this manner. The characterization of these impurities and their effects on the hardness and electrical properties of AlMgB14 without Si and Ti additions are presented in this study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - Borides
KW  - Hardness
KW  - Mechanical alloying
KW  - Resistivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9498247; Lewis, T.L. 1 Cook, B.A. 2 Harringa, J.L. 2 Russell, A.M. 2; Email Address: russell@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: IBM, Rochester, MN 55901, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, 3109 Gilman Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3114, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 351 Issue 1/2, p117; Subject Term: BORIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Borides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical alloying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistivity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00835-3
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leprince-Wang, Y.
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Yu-Zhang, K.
T1  - Microstructure in Cu–Nb microcomposites
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/06/25/
VL  - 351
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Two types of Cu–Nb microcomposites were studied by transmission electron microscopy. The in-situ composites were prepared by casting, followed by deformation, packing and deformation. The composites were formed by self-assembling and show strong textures and orientation relationship between Cu and Nb. The artificial composites were made by cladding Nb with Cu, packing and deformation, and they developed less pronounced texture than in-situ composites. In spite of the differences in the original orientation relationship and microstructure, the final products of both composite show the {1 1 1}Cu//{1 1 0}Nb orientation relationship and fiber textures. Moreover, both types of composites are composed of Nb ribbons or plates embedded in the copper matrix. A variation in the spacing between the Nb ribbons is observed, particularly in the in-situ composites. In Cu regions, very fine twins have been revealed. Various strain contrasts were observed in the interface regions and the lattice distortion occurred in both components. The high strength of the microcomposite is attributed to large interface areas in the unit volume, lattice distortions and the nanostructures. Those strength contributors are related to each other. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Cu–Nb
KW  - Microcomposites
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Nanostructure
KW  - TEM
KW  - Twin
N1  - Accession Number: 9498258; Leprince-Wang, Y. 1 Han, K. 2; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu Huang, Y. 1 Yu-Zhang, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux Divisés et Interfaces, Université de Marne la Vallée, 5, Bd. Descartes, 77454 Marne-La-Vallee Cedex 2, France  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL F32310, USA  3: Dynamique des Transferts aux Interfaces, Université de Reims, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 351 Issue 1/2, p214; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu–Nb; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcomposites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twin; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00855-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wade
AU  - E. A.
AU  - Lorenz
AU  - K. T.
AU  - Springfield
AU  - J. L.
AU  - Chandler
AU  - D. W.
T1  - Collisions of HCl with Rare Gas and Molecular Colliders.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/06/26/
VL  - 107
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 4976
EP  - 4981
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Collisions of HCl (j = 0) with rare gas and molecular colliders were studied using velocity-mapped ion imaging. For the rare gas colliders, Ne and Kr, the observed scattering behavior is very similar to that previously observed for HCl + Ar, and any differences are primarily due to the rule of corresponding states. For the molecular colliders, N2 and CH4, very different scattering behavior was observed, especially for high ΔjHCl transitions. When HCl is scattered into jHCl = 2 or 3, the collision results in more forward-scattering than is observed for rare gas colliders, whereas when HCl is scattered into jHCl = 4 or 5, the collision results in more backscattering. This implies that to generate HCl in a highly rotationally excited quantum state following collision with a diatomic or polyatomic collider, the collision must have a smaller impact parameter than would be required for an atomic collision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
N1  - Accession Number: 19791783; Wade E. A. 1 Lorenz K. T. 1 Springfield J. L. 1 Chandler D. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 25, p4976; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nielsen
AU  - I. M. B.
AU  - Janssen
AU  - C. L.
AU  - Allendorf
AU  - M. D.
T1  - Ab Initio Predictions for Thermochemical Parameters for Tin−Oxygen Compounds.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/06/26/
VL  - 107
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5122
EP  - 5127
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Heats of formation have been determined for the tin−oxygen compounds SnO, SnO2, H2SnO, and H3SnOH by ab initio computations of reaction energies for isogyric reactions. The electronic structure methods employed include the coupled-cluster singles and doubles method with a perturbative correction for connected triple substitutions [CCSD(T)] and the Brueckner doubles method with analogous corrections for triple and quadruple substitutions [BD(TQ)]. Correlation-consistent triple- and quadruple-ζ basis sets were employed in conjunction with a large-core pseudopotential and a core polarization potential for Sn, and a basis set incompleteness correction was computed from extrapolations to the infinite basis set limit. Values of 9 ± 4, 10 ± 4, 34 ± 4, and −20 ± 4 kcal mol-1 are proposed for [inline equation]  for SnO, SnO2, H2SnO, and H3SnOH, respectively. Polynomial fits were carried out for the heat capacity and the standard enthalpy and entropy over the 300−3100 K temperature range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 19791799; Nielsen I. M. B. 1 Janssen C. L. 1 Allendorf M. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 25, p5122; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wunderlich, Bernhard
T1  - The thermal properties of complex, nanophase-separated macromolecules as revealed by temperature-modulated calorimetry
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/06/26/
VL  - 403
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00406031
AB  - Linear, flexible macromolecules are long recognized as phase structures limited to micrometer and nanometer dimensions with covalent bonds crossing the interfaces. This special, usually non-equilibrium structure leads to unique properties and a multitude of changes for different thermal and mechanical histories. Analyses that enable the study of these properties are temperature-modulated calorimetry and related techniques which allow the separation of equilibrium and non-equilibrium responses. Research on these topics is reviewed and combined to a model for the nanophases. The new approach to the complex nanophase systems yields a better understanding of the relationship between structure and thermodynamic properties. Special emphasis is placed on the size and surface effects on the glass and melting transitions, the development of rigid-amorphous phases, and the reversible melting within the globally metastable structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - DSC
KW  - Flexible polymers
KW  - Mechanical history
KW  - Molecular nucleation
KW  - Nanophase
KW  - Non-equilibrium thermal properties
KW  - Reversible melting
KW  - Rigid-amorphous fraction
KW  - Thermal history
KW  - TMDSC
N1  - Accession Number: 10008507; Wunderlich, Bernhard 1,2; Email Address: wunderlich@chartertn.net; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 403 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flexible polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical history; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanophase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-equilibrium thermal properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reversible melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rigid-amorphous fraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal history; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMDSC; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00099-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10008507&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byun, T.S.
T1  - On the stress dependence of partial dislocation separation and deformation microstructure in austenitic stainless steels
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/06/27/
VL  - 51
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3063
SN  - 13596454
AB  - In the austenitic stainless steels the separation of Shockley partial dislocations is known to play an important role in the plastic deformation and produces a variety of deformation microstructures depending on test and material conditions. Theoretical calculations have been carried out in an attempt to explain the origin of the deformation microstructures which include large stacking faults and twins. Force balance equations for the leading and trailing partials are established by considering the Peach–Koehler force from an applied stress field, repulsive force between leading and trailing partial dislocations, attractive force due to the stacking fault energy, and resistance (or damping) force to the glide of the partial dislocations. For a simple dislocation and stress arrangement, an expression for separation distance was derived from the force balance equations. The results indicate that the separation distance varies with the directional relationship between the applied stress and the Burgers vectors of glide dislocations. Also, the separation distance increases with the applied stress and can diverge when the applied stress exceeds a critical stress. The critical stress is readily achievable in the uniform strain range by strengthening measures like irradiation, lowering test temperature, and increasing strain or strain rate. Further, using a stress-based analysis, some predictions were attempted for the influence of radiation-induced defects on deformation microstructure in austenitic stainless steels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - Austenitic steels
KW  - Dislocation channels
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Faults
KW  - Twinning
N1  - Accession Number: 9905937; Byun, T.S. 1; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 51 Issue 11, p3063; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Austenitic steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation channels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Faults; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twinning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00117-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9905937&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saiz, E.
AU  - Hwang, C.-W.
AU  - Suganuma, K.
AU  - Tomsia, A.P.
T1  - Spreading of Sn-Ag solders on FeNi alloys
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/06/27/
VL  - 51
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3185
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The spreading of Sn-3Ag-xBi solders on Fe-42Ni has been studied using a drop transfer setup. Initial spreading velocities as fast as ~0.5 m/s have been recorded. The results are consistent with a liquid front moving on a metastable, flat, unreacted substrate and can be described by using a modified molecular-kinetic model for which the rate controlling step is the movement of one atom from the liquid to the surface of the solid substrate. Although the phase diagram predicts the formation of two Fe-Sn intermetallics at the solder/substrate interface in samples heated at temperatures lower than 513 °C, after spreading at 250 °C only a thin FeSn2 reaction layer could be observed. Two interfacial layers (FeSn and FeSn2) were found after spreading at 450 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - LEAD
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - PHYSICAL metallurgy
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Iron alloys
KW  - Lead-free solders
KW  - Soldering
KW  - Spreading
N1  - Accession Number: 9905947; Saiz, E. 1; Email Address: esaiz@lbl.gov Hwang, C.-W. 2 Suganuma, K. 2 Tomsia, A.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 51 Issue 11, p3185; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: PHYSICAL metallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead-free solders; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soldering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spreading; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00140-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9905947&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenberg, Norman J.
AU  - Brown, Robert A.
AU  - Izaurralde, R. Cesar
AU  - Thomson, Allison M.
T1  - Integrated assessment of Hadley Centre (HadCM2) climate change projections on agricultural productivity and irrigation water supply in the conterminous United States: I. Climate change scenarios and impacts on irrigation water supply simulated with the HUMUS model
JO  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
JF  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 117
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 01681923
AB  - In response to a congressional mandate, the US Global Change Research Program organized a National Assessment of Climate Change focusing on geographic regions (e.g. Alaska, Great Plains) and sectors (e.g. public health, agriculture, water resources). This paper describes methodology and results of a study by researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory contributing to the water sector analysis. The subsequent paper makes use of the water supply results to estimate the climate change impacts on irrigated agriculture. The vulnerability of water resources in the conterminous US to climate changes in 10-year periods centered on 2030 and 2095 as projected by the Hadley/United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO) general circulation model (GCM; HadCM2) were modeled using the Hydrologic Unit Model for the United States (HUMUS). HUMUS, a biophysically based hydrology model, consists of a Geographical Information System (GIS) that provides data on soils, land use and climate to drive the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The modeling was done at the scale of the eight-digit United States Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Unit Area (HUA) of which there are 2101 in the conterminous US. Results are aggregated to the four- and two-digit (major water resource region, MWRR) scales for various purposes. Daily records of maximum/minimum temperature and precipitation (PPT) from 1961 to 1990 provided the baseline climate. Water yields (WY), used as a measure of water supply for irrigation, increases from the 1961–1990 baseline period over most of the US in 2030 and 2095. In 2030, WY increases in the western US and decreases in the central and southeast regions. Notably, WY increases by 139 mm (35%) from baseline in the Pacific Northwest. Driven by higher temperatures and reduced precipitation, WY is projected to decrease in the Lower Mississippi and Texas Gulf basins. The HadCM2 (2095) scenario projects a climate significantly wetter than baseline, resulting in water yield increases of 38% on average. Water yield increases are projected to be significant throughout the eastern US—39% in the Ohio basin, for example. Water yields increase significantly in the western US, as well—57 and 76% in the Upper and Lower Colorado, respectively. Climate change also affects the seasonality of the hydrologic cycle. Early snowmelt is induced in western basins, leading to dramatically increased water yields in late winter and early spring. The simulations were run at current (365 ppm) and elevated (560 ppm) atmospheric CO2 concentrations [CO2] to account for the potential impacts of the ‘CO2-fertilization’ effect. The effects of climate change scenario were considerably greater than those due to elevated [CO2] but the latter, overall, decreased losses and augmented increases in water yield. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agricultural & Forest Meteorology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - WATER supply
KW  - CO2-fertilization effect
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Irrigation
KW  - Runoff
N1  - Accession Number: 9602311; Rosenberg, Norman J. 1; Email Address: nj.rosenberg@pnl.gov Brown, Robert A. 2 Izaurralde, R. Cesar 1 Thomson, Allison M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA  2: Independent Project Analysis, Inc., 11150 Sunset Hills Road, Reston, VA 20190, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 117 Issue 1/2, p73; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: WATER supply; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2-fertilization effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irrigation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Runoff; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-1923(03)00025-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9602311&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Izaurralde, R. César
AU  - Rosenberg, Norman J.
AU  - Brown, Robert A.
AU  - Thomson, Allison M.
T1  - Integrated assessment of Hadley Center (HadCM2) climate-change impacts on agricultural productivity and irrigation water supply in the conterminous United States: Part II. Regional agricultural production in 2030 and 2095
JO  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
JF  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 117
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
SN  - 01681923
AB  - A national assessment (NA) evaluated the potential consequences of climate change and variability on the agriculture, water resources, as well as other economic and natural resource sectors in the United States. As part of this process, we used scenarios of the HadCM2 GCM and the EPIC agroecosystem model to evaluate climate-change impacts on crop yields and ecosystem processes. Baseline climate data were obtained from national records for 1961–1990. The scenario runs for 2025–2034 and 2090–2099 were extracted from a HadCM2 run. EPIC was run on 204 representative farms under current climate and two 10-year periods centered on 2030 and 2095, each at CO2 concentrations of 365 and 560 ppm. Crops were simulated under both dryland and irrigated management, with irrigation water supply estimates taken from the HUMUS simulations in Paper 1. Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and California are projected to experience significant temperature increases by 2030. Slight cooling is expected by 2030 in Alabama, Florida, Maine, Montana, Idaho, and Utah. Larger areas are projected to experience increased warming by 2095. Uniform precipitation increases are expected by 2030 in the northeast. These increases are predicted to expand to the eastern half of the country by 2095. Regionally, dryland corn yields could increase, decrease or remain unchanged under the two scenarios. EPIC simulated yield increases for the Great Lakes, Corn Belt and Northeast regions. Simulated yields of irrigated corn were predicted to increase in almost all regions. Soybean yields could decrease in the Northern and Southern Plains, the Corn Belt, Delta, Appalachian, and Southeast regions and increase in the Lakes and Northeast regions. Simulated wheat yields exhibited upward trends under scenarios of climate-change. Evapotranspiration in dryland corn is expected to increase in both future periods while water-use efficiency will decrease. National corn production in 2030 and 2095 could be affected by changes in three major producing regions. In 2030, corn production could increase in the Corn Belt and Lakes regions but decrease in the Northern Plains leading to an overall decrease in national production. National wheat production is expected to increase during both future periods. A proxy indicator was developed to provide a sense of where in the country, and when water would be available to satisfy change in irrigation demand for corn and alfalfa production as these are influenced by the HadCM2 scenarios and CO2-fertilization. Irrigation requirement by irrigated crops declines under these scenarios as transpiration is suppressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agricultural & Forest Meteorology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CROP yields
KW  - Alfalfa
KW  - Corn
KW  - Crop yield
KW  - Erosion productivity impact calculator (EPIC)
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Wheat
N1  - Accession Number: 9602312; Izaurralde, R. César 1; Email Address: cesar.izaurralde@pnl.gov Rosenberg, Norman J. 1 Brown, Robert A. 2 Thomson, Allison M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Maryland, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA  2: Independent Project Analysis, 11150 Sunset Hills Road, Suite 30, Reston, VA 20190, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 117 Issue 1/2, p97; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CROP yields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alfalfa; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crop yield; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion productivity impact calculator (EPIC); Author-Supplied Keyword: Evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Runoff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wheat; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-1923(03)00024-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9602312&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehmann, B.E.
AU  - Love, A.
AU  - Purtschert, R.
AU  - Collon, P.
AU  - Loosli, H.H.
AU  - Kutschera, W.
AU  - Beyerle, U.
AU  - Aeschbach-Hertig, W.
AU  - Kipfer, R.
AU  - Frape, S.K.
AU  - Herczeg, A.
AU  - Moran, J.
AU  - Tolstikhin, I.N.
AU  - Gröning, M.
T1  - A comparison of groundwater dating with 81Kr, 36Cl and 4He in four wells of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 211
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - The isotopic ratios 81Kr/Kr and 36Cl/Cl and the 4He concentrations measured in groundwater from four artesian wells in the western part of the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) in Australia are discussed. Based on radioactive decay along a water flow path the 81Kr/Kr ratios are directly converted to groundwater residence times. Results are in a range of 225–400 kyr with error bars in the order of 15% primarily due to counting statistics in the cyclotron accelerator mass spectrometer measurement. Additional uncertainties from subsurface production and/or exchange with stagnant porewaters in the confining shales appear to be of the same order of magnitude. These 81Kr ages are then used to calibrate the 36Cl and the 4He dating methods. Based on elemental analyses of rock samples from the sandstone aquifer as well as from the confining Bulldog shale the in situ flux of thermal neutrons and the corresponding 3He/4He and 36Cl/Cl ratios are calculated. From a comparison of: (i) the 3He/4He ratios measured in the groundwater samples with the calculated in situ ratios in rocks and (ii) the measured δ37Cl ratios with the 4He concentrations measured in groundwater it is concluded that both helium and chloride are most likely added to the aquifer from sources in the stagnant porewaters of the confining shale by diffusion and/or mixing. Based on this ‘working hypothesis’ the 36Cl transport equation in groundwater is solved taking into account: (i) radioactive decay, (ii) subsurface production in the sandstone aquifer (with an in situ 36Cl/Cl ratio of 6×10−15) and (iii) addition of chloride from a source in the confining shale (with a 36Cl/Cl ratio of 13×10−15). Lacking better information it is assumed that the chloride concentration increased linearly with time from an (unknown) initial value Ci to its measured present value C=Ci+Ca, where Ca represents the (unknown) amount of chloride added from subsurface sources. Using the 81Kr ages of the four groundwater samples and a reasonable initial 36Cl/Cl ratio of 125×10−15, which is consistent with other studies in this part of the GAB, it is then possible to determine (Ci,Ca) parameter sets for all four samples and consequently to simulate the Cl and the 36Cl evolution with time. Strong evidence that the whole procedure is adequate comes from: (i) a comparison of Ci with the calculated noble gas recharge temperatures (NGRT) indicating that a higher NGRT is related to higher input chloride concentrations Ci (because of higher evapotranspiration) and (ii) a comparison of Ca with the measured 4He concentration confirming the idea that both chloride and helium are added to the groundwater in parallel. It turns out that the four samples fall into two groups: (i) for two of the samples (Raspberry Creek and Oodnadatta) initial 36Cl concentrations are high and 36Cl dating based on radioactive decay is possible. The 4He accumulation rate for these two samples is low (0.2×10−10 cm3 STP 4He/(cm3 water yr)); (ii) for the other two samples (Duck Hole and Watson Creek) the initial 36Cl concentration is low and therefore subsurface processes dominate resulting in almost constant 36Cl concentrations with time; 36Cl groundwater dating is not possible. The 4He accumulation rate for these two samples is about 10 times higher (1.9×10−10 cm3 STP 4He/(cm3 water yr)). 129I concentrations are interpreted as a simple mixing between an atmospheric and a subsurface source. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROLOGY
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - chlorine-36
KW  - geochemistry
KW  - Great Artesian Basin, Australia
KW  - groundwater dating
KW  - helium-4
KW  - isotope hydrology
KW  - krypton-81
N1  - Accession Number: 10008744; Lehmann, B.E. 1; Email Address: lehmann@climate.unibe.ch Love, A. 2 Purtschert, R. 1 Collon, P. 3 Loosli, H.H. 1 Kutschera, W. 3 Beyerle, U. 1,4 Aeschbach-Hertig, W. 4 Kipfer, R. 4,5 Frape, S.K. 6 Herczeg, A. 7 Moran, J. 8 Tolstikhin, I.N. 9 Gröning, M. 10; Affiliation:  1: Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  2: Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation (DWLBC), South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia  3: Institute for Isotope Research and Nuclear Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria  4: Swiss Federal Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland  5: Isotope Geology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland  6: University of Waterloo, Institute for Groundwater Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada  7: CSIRO Land and Water, Adelaide, SA, Australia  8: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  9: Geological Institute, Kola Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia  10: Isotope Hydrology Section, IAEA, Vienna, Austria; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 211 Issue 3/4, p237; Subject Term: HYDROLOGY; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorine-36; Author-Supplied Keyword: geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Great Artesian Basin, Australia; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater dating; Author-Supplied Keyword: helium-4; Author-Supplied Keyword: isotope hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: krypton-81; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00206-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10008744&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oh, Bookeun
AU  - Hyung, Yoo-Eup
AU  - Vissers, Donald R.
AU  - Amine, Khalil
T1  - Accelerating rate calorimetry study on the thermal stability of interpenetrating network type poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide) polymer electrolyte
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 48
IS  - 14-16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2215
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Safety study regarding an exothermic reaction at elevated temperature of comb-shaped siloxane polymer and its interpenetrating network type solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) are investigated. Accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) is used to examine exothermic reactions. The thermal stability of the polymer electrolyte in the presence of charged electrodes is also monitored. Resulting data were compared with those of 1.0 M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate:ethyl methyl carbonate (3:7 by wt.) electrolyte. The self-heating exothermic reaction of mono comb-shaped siloxane polymer electrolyte starts at approximately 300 °C. Comparison of the heat generation profiles from ARC tests indicates that SPE reduces the intensity of exothermic reactions resulting from charged electrodes and electrolyte. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - Accelerating rate calorimetry
KW  - Comb-shaped siloxane
KW  - Solid polymer electrolyte
KW  - Thermal stability
N1  - Accession Number: 10087168; Oh, Bookeun; Email Address: oh@cmt.anl.gov Hyung, Yoo-Eup 1 Vissers, Donald R. 1 Amine, Khalil 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, CMT Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 48 Issue 14-16, p2215; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerating rate calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Comb-shaped siloxane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid polymer electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal stability; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00207-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerr, J.B.
AU  - Liu, Gao
AU  - Curtiss, L.A.
AU  - Redfern, Paul C.
T1  - Towards room-temperature performance for lithium–polymer batteries
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 48
IS  - 14-16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2305
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Recent work on molecular simulations of the mechanisms of lithium ion conductance has pointed towards two types of limiting process. One has involved the commonly cited segmental motion while the other is related to energy barriers in the solvation shell of polymeric ether oxygens around the lithium ions. Calculations of the barriers to lithium ion migration have provided important indicators as to the best design of the polymer. The theoretical work has coincided with and guided some recent developments on polymer synthesis for lithium batteries. Structural change of the polymer solvation shell has been pursued by the introduction of trimethylene oxide (TMO) units into the polymer. The conductivity measurements on polymers containing TMO unit are encouraging. The architecture of the polymer networks has been varied upon which the solvating groups are attached and significant improvements in sub-ambient performance are observed as a result. However, the above-ambient temperature performance appears controlled by an Arrhenius process that is not completely consistent with the theoretical calculations described here and may indicate the operation of a different mechanism. The new polymers possess significantly lower Tg values in the presence of lithium salts, which indicates weaker binding of the lithium ions by the polymers. These properties provide considerable improvement in the transport properties close to the electrode surfaces resulting in decreased impedances at the surfaces both at lithium metal and in composite electrodes. The greater flexibility of the solvation groups combined with appropriate architecture not only has applications in lithium metal–polymer batteries but also in lithium ion liquid and gel systems as well as in fuel cell electrodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - Electrolytes
KW  - Lithium
N1  - Accession Number: 10087180; Kerr, J.B. 1; Email Address: jbkerr@lbl.gov Liu, Gao 1 Curtiss, L.A. 2 Redfern, Paul C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62 203 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 48 Issue 14-16, p2305; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00219-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asner, David
T1  - STUDYING STANDARD MODEL-LIKE HIGGS BOSONS IN TWO-PHOTON COLLISIONS AT A LINEAR COLLIDER.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2817
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - We examine the potential for detecting and studying a SM-like Higgs boson in two-photon collisions at a future linear collider. Our study incorporates realistic two-photon spectra based on the most probable available laser technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LINEAR colliders
N1  - Accession Number: 10486909; Asner, David 1; Email Address: asner1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Source Info: 6/30/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 16, p2817; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LINEAR colliders; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asner, David
T1  - PROSPECT FOR DISCOVERING H[sup0], A[sup0] IN TWO-PHOTON COLLISIONS AT A LINEAR COLLIDER.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2893
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - We examine the potential for detecting and studying Higgs bosons in two-photon collisions at a future linear collider. Our study incorporates realistic two-photon spectra based on the most probable available laser technology. We study the cases of a) the heavy MSSM Higgs bosons and b) a Higgs boson with no WW/ZZ couplings from a general two Higgs doublet model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR colliders
KW  - PHOTON-photon interactions
KW  - HIGGS bosons
N1  - Accession Number: 10487506; Asner, David 1; Email Address: asner1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Source Info: 6/30/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 16, p2893; Subject Term: LINEAR colliders; Subject Term: PHOTON-photon interactions; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gronberg, Jeff
T1  - A PHOTON COLLIDER TESTBED AT THE SLC.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2921
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - The idea of producing a high-energy photon-photon collider, based on Compton backscattering of laser photons from an electron beam, was proposed in the early 1980's. In this idea, a linear e[sup +]e[sup -] collider must be upgraded with high power lasers and an interaction region including optics to focus the laser pulses onto the electron beam. Recently, a strawman design for such an interaction region has been produced. Given the existence of the mothballed Stanford Linear Collider it becomes reasonable to propose a photon collider test bed, which would allow that design to be tested in actual operational conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR colliders
KW  - PHOTON-photon interactions
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
N1  - Accession Number: 10487616; Gronberg, Jeff 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: 6/30/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 16, p2921; Subject Term: LINEAR colliders; Subject Term: PHOTON-photon interactions; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riestenberg, David
AU  - West, Olivia
AU  - Lee, Sangyong
AU  - McCallum, Scott
AU  - Phelps, Tommy J.
T1  - Sediment surface effects on methane hydrate formation and dissociation
JO  - Marine Geology
JF  - Marine Geology
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 198
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
SN  - 00253227
AB  - The effects of sediment surfaces on methane hydrate formation and dissociation were investigated using colloidal suspensions and new experimental methods developed for a large volume (72 liters), temperature-controlled pressure vessel. Hydrates were formed by bubbling methane gas through test solutions at temperatures and pressures within the hydrate stability field. Hydrate formation was visually detected by the accumulation of hydrate-encrusted gas bubbles. To measure hydrate dissociation conditions, the pressure vessel was warmed while temperature was monitored within a zone of previously formed hydrate-encrusted gas bubbles. Hydrate dissociation was indicated by a distinct plateau in the hydrate zone temperature, while temperatures of the gas and liquid phases within the vessel continued to rise. The ‘dissociation plateau’ appears to be a phenomenon that is unique to the large volume of the pressure vessel used for the experiments. In experiments where hydrates were formed in pure water, temperature and corresponding pressure conditions measured during the temperature plateau matched model-predicted values for hydrate stability in water, thus confirming the validity of this new method for measuring hydrate dissociation conditions. Formation and dissociation conditions were measured for methane hydrates in colloidal suspensions containing bentonite. Hydrate formation experiments indicated that the presence of bentonite in water at 200 mg/l significantly decreased pressures required for hydrate formation relative to formation in pure water alone. On the other hand, hydrate dissociation conditions measured in bentonite and silica suspensions with solids concentrations of 34 g/l did not differ significantly from that of water. These results are relevant to the origin and stability of natural gas hydrate deposits known to exist in deep permafrost and marine sediments, where the effects of sediment surfaces are largely unknown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - BENTONITE
KW  - bentonite
KW  - gas hydrates
KW  - methane hydrates
KW  - mineral surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 10008790; Riestenberg, David 1 West, Olivia 2; Email Address: westor@ornl.gov Lee, Sangyong 2 McCallum, Scott 2 Phelps, Tommy J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1410, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 198 Issue 1/2, p181; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: BENTONITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: bentonite; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas hydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: methane hydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: mineral surfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00100-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkov, V. V.
AU  - Schofield, M. A.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
T1  - Phase Retrieval and Induction Mapping of Artificially Structured Micromagnetic Arrays.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters B
JF  - Modern Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 17
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 791
EP  - 801
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179849
AB  - We report our study on magnetic structural evolution of artificially patterned micron and submicron magnetic arrays as a function of applied field using in situ electron microscopy. To understand magnetic dynamics and switching behavior we employ our newly developed phase retrieval method, based on Lorentz phase microscopy, to map local induction distribution at nanometric scale. We outline the principle of the new method and discuss its advantages and drawbacks in comparison with off-axis electron holography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters B is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - image processing
KW  - induction mapping
KW  - Lorentz microscopy
KW  - off-axis holography
KW  - phase retrieval
N1  - Accession Number: 10495191; Volkov, V. V. 1 Schofield, M. A. 1 Zhu, Y. 1; Email Address: zhu@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, NY 11973; Source Info: 6/30/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 15, p791; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: image processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: induction mapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lorentz microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: off-axis holography; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase retrieval; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, Joel E.
T1  - Conservation laws in the quantum Hall Liouvillian theory and its generalizations
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 661
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 514
SN  - 05503213
AB  - It is known that the localization length scaling of noninteracting electrons near the quantum Hall plateau transition can be described in a theory of the bosonic density operators, with no reference to the underlying fermions. The resulting “Liouvillian” theory has a <f>U(1&z.sfnc;1)</f> global supersymmetry as well as a hierarchy of geometric conservation laws related to the noncommutative geometry of the lowest Landau level (LLL). Approximations to the Liouvillian theory contain quite different physics from standard approximations to the underlying fermionic theory. Mean-field and large-<f>N</f> generalizations of the Liouvillian are shown to describe problems of noninteracting bosons that enlarge the <f>U(1&z.sfnc;1)</f> supersymmetry to <f>U(1&z.sfnc;1)×SO(N)</f> or <f>U(1&z.sfnc;1)×SU(N)</f>.These noninteracting bosonic problems are studied numerically for <f>2&les;N&les;8</f> by Monte Carlo simulation and compared to the original <f>N=1</f> Liouvillian theory. The <f>N>1</f> generalizations preserve the first two of the hierarchy of geometric conservation laws, leading to logarithmic corrections at order <f>1/N</f> to the diffusive large-<f>N</f> limit, but do not preserve the remaining conservation laws. The emergence of nontrivial scaling at the plateau transition, in the Liouvillian approach, is shown to depend sensitively on the unusual geometry of Landau levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCALING laws (Statistical physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 9857065; Moore, Joel E. 1,2; Email Address: jemoore@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 661 Issue 3, p514; Subject Term: SCALING laws (Statistical physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00345-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petkov, V.
AU  - Vogt, T.
T1  - Positional disorder of Ba in the thermoelectric germanium clathrate Ba6Ge25
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 127
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 00381098
AB  - The local structure of Ba6Ge25 has been studied by X-ray diffraction and the atomic pair distribution function technique at 40 K and room temperature. Unambiguous evidence has been found showing that two out of three types of Ba atoms in Ba6Ge25 move off their positions and become locked in split sites at low temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - BARIUM
KW  - A. Ba6Ge25
KW  - C. Local structure
KW  - C. X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10096279; Petkov, V. 1; Email Address: petkov@phy.cmich.edu Vogt, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Dow 203, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, NY 11973 USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 127 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: BARIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Ba6Ge25; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Local structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00372-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sewtz, M.
AU  - Backe, H.
AU  - Dong, C.Z.
AU  - Dretzke, A.
AU  - Eberhardt, K.
AU  - Fritzsche, S.
AU  - Grüning, C.
AU  - Haire, R.G.
AU  - Kube, G.
AU  - Kunz, P.
AU  - Lassen, J.
AU  - Lauth, W.
AU  - Passler, G.
AU  - Schwamb, P.
AU  - Thörle, P.
AU  - Trautmann, N.
T1  - Resonance ionization spectroscopy of fermium (Z=100)
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 58
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1077
SN  - 05848547
AB  - Laser spectroscopy has been applied for the first time to measure resonant transition frequencies of fermium (Z=100). A number of 2.7×1010 atoms was electrodeposited on a Ta filament and covered with a 1 μm Ti layer. Fm atoms were evaporated from the filament at a temperature of approximately 1000 °C into an optical cell filled with a buffer gas and were subsequently photoionized in a two-photon 1+1′ process using a tunable excimer-pumped dye laser and the excimer (XeF) laser itself to produce the resonant (1) and non-resonant (1′) photon frequencies, respectively. The created photoions were identified by mass-selective detection. We observed resonant transitions of Fm at dye-laser energies of 25 099.8(2) and 25 111.8(2) cm−1. A possible classification of these levels is given on the basis of multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock calculations. We also interpreted the recorded time of ion drift through the buffer gas as a novel way to measure the mean ionic charge radius of the heavy elements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - Buffer gas
KW  - Fermium
KW  - Multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock calculations
KW  - Resonance ionization spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10179906; Sewtz, M. 1; Email Address: sewtz@kph.uni-mainz.de Backe, H. 1 Dong, C.Z. 2 Dretzke, A. 1 Eberhardt, K. 3 Fritzsche, S. 2 Grüning, C. 3 Haire, R.G. 4 Kube, G. 1 Kunz, P. 5 Lassen, J. 5 Lauth, W. 1 Passler, G. 5 Schwamb, P. 1 Thörle, P. 3 Trautmann, N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Kernphysik der Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany  2: Fachbereich Physik, Universität Kassel, D-34132 Kassel, Germany  3: Institut für Kernchemie der Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA  5: Institut für Physik der Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 58 Issue 6, p1077; Subject Term: LASER spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonance ionization spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0584-8547(03)00065-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bushaw, B.A.
AU  - Nörtershäuser, W.
AU  - Blaum, K.
AU  - Wendt, K.
T1  - Studies of narrow autoionizing resonances in gadolinium
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 58
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
SN  - 05848547
AB  - The autoionization (AI) spectrum of gadolinium between the first and second limits has been investigated by triple-resonance excitation with high-resolution cw lasers. A large number of narrow AI resonances have been observed and assigned total angular momentum J values. The resonances are further divided into members of AI Rydberg series converging to the second limit or other ‘interloping’ levels. Fine structure in the Rydberg series has been identified and interpreted in terms of Jcj coupling. A number of detailed studies have been performed on the interloping resonances: these include lifetime determination by line-shape analysis, isotope shifts, hyperfine structure, and photoionization saturation parameters. The electronic structure of the interloping levels is discussed in terms of these studies. Line-widths generally decrease with increasing total angular momentum and the J=7 resonances are extremely narrow with Lorentzian widths ranging from <1 MHz up to 157 MHz. The strongest resonances are found to have cross-sections of ∼10−12 cm2 and photoionization can be saturated with powers available from cw diode lasers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - Autoionization
KW  - Gadolinium
KW  - Laser spectroscopy
KW  - Rydberg series
KW  - Saturated photoionization
N1  - Accession Number: 10179907; Bushaw, B.A. 1; Email Address: bruce.bushaw@pnl.gov Nörtershäuser, W. 2 Blaum, K. 2,3 Wendt, K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 99352 Richland, WA, USA  2: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany  3: CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  4: Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 58 Issue 6, p1083; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gadolinium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rydberg series; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturated photoionization; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0584-8547(03)00066-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frome, Edward L.
AU  - Newman, Lee S.
AU  - Cragle, Donna L.
AU  - Colyer, Shirley P.
AU  - Wambach, Paul F.
T1  - Corrigendum to “Identification of an abnormal beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test”: [Toxicology 183 (2003) 39–56]
JO  - Toxicology
JF  - Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/06/30/
VL  - 188
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 335
SN  - 0300483X
N1  - Accession Number: 9856422; Frome, Edward L. 1; Email Address: fromeel@ornl.gov Newman, Lee S. 2 Cragle, Donna L. 3 Colyer, Shirley P. 3 Wambach, Paul F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO, USA  3: Center for Epidemiologic Research, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  4: U.S. Department of Energy, Germantown, MD, USA; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 188 Issue 2/3, p335; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00094-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, De-Ling
AU  - Nazaroff, William W.
T1  - Particle Penetration Through Building Cracks.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 37
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
EP  - 573
SN  - 02786826
AB  - Particle penetration into buildings influences human exposure to particles of ambient origin. In this study, we present the results of laboratory experiments measuring particle penetration through surrogates of cracks in building envelopes. Rectangular slots were prepared, with crack heights of 0.25 and 1 mm and flow-path lengths of 4-10 cm, using common building materials: aluminum, brick, concrete, plywood, redwood lumber, pine lumber, and strand board. Air was drawn through a slot from a well-mixed chamber by applying a pressure difference (ΔP) of 4 or 10 Pa. Nonvolatile, electrically neutralized particles were generated and introduced into the chamber. The particle penetration factor was determined, for particle sizes 0.02-7 µm, as the ratio of the particle concentration downstream of the slot to that in the chamber. Particle size and crack height were the two main factors that governed fractional particle penetration. Consistent with prior modeling results, the penetration factor was nearly unity for particles of diameter 0.1-1.0 µm at ≥0.25 mm crack height and ΔP of ≥4 Pa. Particle penetration diminished for larger and smaller particles and for cracks with significant surface roughness and irregular geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - BUILDINGS
KW  - EXPERIMENTS
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering)
N1  - Accession Number: 51662230; Liu, De-Ling 1 Nazaroff, William W. 1,2; Email Address: nazaroff@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Berkeley, California  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 37 Issue 7, p565; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: BUILDINGS; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTS; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering); NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myong Song, Joon
AU  - D. Griffin, Guy
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Application of an integrated microchip system with capillary array electrophoresis to optimization of enzymatic reactions
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 487
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 00032670
AB  - In this work, a combination of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microchip system with capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) is demonstrated as a system for optimizing conditions for enzymatic reaction. Dimethylacridinone (DDAO)-phosphate substrate and alkaline phosphatase conjugate were selected for the enzymatic reaction, which was applicable to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Laser-induced fluorometry with a miniature semiconductor laser was used to detect the enzymatic products. The speed of the enzymatic reaction between the DDAO-phosphate and the alkaline phosphatase conjugate was investigated as a function of reaction time. The microchip-CAE detection system could determine the pH condition and the concentration of enzyme that are suitable for rapid and low-cost analysis. This result shows the feasibility of using the microchip-CAE system for application to miniaturized screening systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductors
KW  - Capillary array electrophoresis
KW  - Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor microchip
KW  - Enzymatic reaction
N1  - Accession Number: 10008569; Myong Song, Joon 1 D. Griffin, Guy 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 487 Issue 1, p75; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary array electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor microchip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enzymatic reaction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00515-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider, Gerd
T1  - X-ray microscopy: methods and perspectives.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 376
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 558
EP  - 561
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - The article presents information on X-ray microscopy. In the last decade advances in nanostructuring technology led to rapid progress of the diffractive x-ray optics quality, e.g., Fresnel zone plates which became the key elements for high resolution and energy resolving x-ray imaging techniques performed at synchrotron sources. X-ray microscopy is a powerful method which can investigate whole cells in their aqueous environment avoiding potential artifacts introduced by the dehydration or fixation necessary with other methods. X-ray microscopy can give 3-D structural information of whole cells. In addition, its potential as a non-destructive technique for physical failure analysis and as a new tool for investigations of electromigration mechanism in semiconductor industry was demonstrated.
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - ELECTRONIC industries
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits industry
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15125671; Schneider, Gerd 1,2; Email Address: schneider@bessy.de; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, MS 2–400, 94720, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.  2: Bessy m.b.H., Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 376 Issue 5, p558; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC industries; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits industry; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-003-2007-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sulaksono, A.
AU  - Bürvenich, T.
AU  - Maruhn, J.A.
AU  - Reinhard, P.-G.
AU  - Greiner, W.
T1  - Mapping exchange in relativistic Hartree–Fock
JO  - Annals of Physics
JF  - Annals of Physics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 306
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
SN  - 00034916
AB  - We show that formally for the standard ansatz relativistic point-coupling mean-field (RMF-PC) model a Lagrangian density <f>L</f> is not equivalent in Hartree and Hartree–Fock approximations. The equivalency can be achieved only if we use a “complete” ansatz at the cost of introducing new parameters in the model. An approximate treatment of the exchange terms from standard RMF-PC indicates that these effects cannot be easily, if at all, absorbed by a Dirac–Hartree approximation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE nuclei
KW  - LAGRANGIAN functions
KW  - Finite nuclei
KW  - Relativistic Hartree–Fock
KW  - Relativistic mean-field model
N1  - Accession Number: 9948544; Sulaksono, A. 1 Bürvenich, T. 2; Email Address: tbuerven@lanl.gov Maruhn, J.A. 3 Reinhard, P.-G. 4 Greiner, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Jurusan fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia  2: Theoretical Division, MS B283, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-16, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  3: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Frankfurt, Robert-Mayer-Str. 10, D-60324 Frankfurt, Germany  4: Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 306 Issue 1, p36; Subject Term: FINITE nuclei; Subject Term: LAGRANGIAN functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite nuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic Hartree–Fock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic mean-field model; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-4916(03)00073-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
T1  - Grand unification in higher dimensions
JO  - Annals of Physics
JF  - Annals of Physics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 306
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
SN  - 00034916
AB  - We have recently proposed an alternative picture for the physics at the scale of gauge coupling unification, where the unified symmetry is realized in higher dimensions but is broken locally by a symmetry breaking defect. Gauge coupling unification, the quantum numbers of quarks and leptons and the longevity of the proton arise as phenomena of the symmetrical bulk, while the lightness of the Higgs doublets and the masses of the light quarks and leptons probe the symmetry breaking defect. Moreover, the framework is extremely predictive if the effective higher dimensional theory is valid over a large energy interval up to the scale of strong coupling. Precise agreement with experiments is obtained in the simplest theory—<f>SU(5)</f> in five dimensions with two Higgs multiplets propagating in the bulk. The weak mixing angle is predicted to be <f>sin2θw=0.2313±0.0004</f>, which fits the data with extraordinary accuracy. The compactification scale and the strong coupling scale are determined to be <f>Mc≃5×1014 GeV</f> and <f>Ms≃1×1017 GeV</f>, respectively. Proton decay with a lifetime of order <f>1034 years</f> is expected with a variety of final states such as <f>e+π0</f>, and several aspects of flavor, including large neutrino mixing angles, are understood by the geometrical locations of the matter fields. When combined with a particular supersymmetry breaking mechanism, the theory predicts large lepton flavor violating <f>μ→e</f> and <f>τ→μ</f> transitions, with all superpartner masses determined by only two free parameters. The predicted value of the bottom quark mass from Yukawa unification agrees well with the data. This paper is mainly a review of the work presented in hep-ph/0103125, hep-ph/0111068, and hep-ph/0205067 . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
KW  - UNIVERSAL algebra
N1  - Accession Number: 9948548; Hall, Lawrence J. 1,2 Nomura, Yasunori 3; Email Address: yasunori@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 306 Issue 1, p132; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: UNIVERSAL algebra; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-4916(03)00077-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaszuba, John P.
AU  - Janecky, David R.
AU  - Snow, Marjorie G.
T1  - Carbon dioxide reaction processes in a model brine aquifer at 200 °C and 200 bars: implications for geologic sequestration of carbon
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1065
SN  - 08832927
AB  - The reactive behavior of supercritical CO2 under conditions relevant to geologic storage and sequestration of C is largely unknown. Experiments were conducted in a flexible cell hydrothermal apparatus to determine the extent of fluid–rock reactions, in addition to carbonate mineral precipitation, that may occur in a brine aquifer–aquitard system that simulates a saline aquifer storage scenario. The system was held at 200 °C and 200 bars for 59 days (1413 h) to approach steady state, then injected with CO2 and allowed to react for another 80 days (1924 h). In addition to magnesite precipitation, silicate minerals (quartz, plagioclase, microcline and biotite) in the aquifer and the aquitard display textures (etch pits, mineralization) indicating significant reaction. Changes in elemental abundances in the brine following addition of CO2 include pH decrease and enrichment in Cl−, partly due to supercritical CO2 desiccation of the brine. Geologic sequestration systems have potential for geochemical reactions that extend beyond simple aqueous dissolution of CO2 and precipitation of carbonate. These reactions may produce geochemical and geotechnical consequences for sequestration and provide important characteristics for monitoring and evaluation of stored CO2. An understanding of multi-phase equilibrium relationships between supercritical CO2 and aquifer–brine systems also raises new questions for a variety of geologic systems. Multi-phase fluid equilibria may, for example, account for the large amounts and heterogeneous distributions of calcite cement in a wide variety of geologic systems, particularly in sedimentary basin sandstones. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Aquifers
N1  - Accession Number: 9230949; Kaszuba, John P. 1; Email Address: jkaszuba@lanl.gov; Janecky, David R. 2; Snow, Marjorie G. 3; Affiliations: 1: Isotope and Nuclear Chemistry, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Risk Reduction and Environmental Stewardship, Mail Stop J591, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Earth and Environmental Sciences, Mail Stop D469, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p1065; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Aquifers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00239-1
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garland, M.A.
AU  - Mirzadeh, S.
AU  - Alexander, C.W.
AU  - Hirtz, G.J.
AU  - Hobbs, R.W.
AU  - Pertmer, G.A.
AU  - Knapp Jr., F.F.
T1  - Neutron flux characterization of a peripheral target position in the High Flux Isotope Reactor
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 59
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 09698043
AB  - The High Flux Isotope Reactor at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory provides the highest steady-state thermal neutron flux in the western world for a wide range of experiments and for isotope production. The highest available fluxes are located in a flux trap region created inside the nested fuel elements. The experimentally determined thermal and the empirically obtained epithermal flux values along the vertical axis of the peripheral target position were fit to cosine curves, with the thermal flux ranging from <f>1.1×1015 ns−1 cm−2</f> at outer positions to <f>1.5×1015 ns−1 cm−2</f> at the center. The corresponding epithermal flux ranged from <f>3.5×1013</f> to <f>7.5×1013 ns−1 cm−2</f>, respectively. The fast neutron flux (<f>En&ges;0.32 MeV</f> in two positions and <f>En&ges;1.5 MeV</f> in two other positions) was <f>∼6×1014 ns−1 cm−2</f>, corresponding to a fast to thermal ratio of <f>∼0.4</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON flux
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - HFIR
KW  - Neutron cross sections
KW  - Neutron flux characterization
KW  - ORNL High Flux Isotope Reactor
KW  - Research nuclear reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 10319550; Garland, M.A. 1,2 Mirzadeh, S. 1; Email Address: mirzadehs@ornl.gov Alexander, C.W. 1 Hirtz, G.J. 3 Hobbs, R.W. 3 Pertmer, G.A. 2 Knapp Jr., F.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Mail Stop 6229, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6229, USA  2: Department of Materials and Nuclear Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2115, USA  3: Research Reactors Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6392, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 59 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: NEUTRON flux; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: HFIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron cross sections; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron flux characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORNL High Flux Isotope Reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Research nuclear reactors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-8043(03)00144-1
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kszos, L. A.
AU  - Talmage, S. S.
AU  - Morris, G. W.
AU  - Konetsky, B. K.
AU  - Rottero, T.
T1  - Derivation of Aquatic Screening Benchmarks for 1,2-Dibromoethane.
JO  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 0066
EP  - 0071
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00904341
AB  - Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane or EDB) was primarily used in the United States as an additive in leaded gasoline and as a soil and grain fumigant for worm and insect control until it was banned in 1983. Historical releases of EDB have resulted in detectable EDB in groundwater and drinking wells, and recently concentrations up to 16 μg/L were detected in ground water at two fuel spill plumes in the vicinity of the Massachusetts Military Reservation Base on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Because the ground water in this area is used to flood cranberry bogs for the purposes of harvesting, the U.S. Air Force sponsored the development of aquatic screening benchmarks for EDB. Acute toxicity tests with Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), Daphnia magna, and Ceriodaphnia dubia were conducted to provide data needed for development of screening benchmarks. Using a closed test-system to prevent volatilization of EDB, the 48-h LC50s (concentration that kills 50% of the test organisms) for P. promelas, D. magna, and C. dubia were 4.3 mg/L, 6.5 mg/L, and 3.6 mg/L, respectively. The screening benchmark for aquatic organisms, derived as the Tier II chronic water quality criteria, is 0.031 mg EDB/L. The sediment screening benchmark, based on equilibrium partitioning, is 2.45 mg EDB/kg of organic carbon in the sediment. The screening benchmarks developed here are an important component of an ecological risk assessment, during which perhaps hundreds of chemicals must be evaluated for their potential to cause ecological harm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aquatic organisms
KW  - Ethylene dibromide
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Aquatic biology
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 16654484; Kszos, L. A. 1; Email Address: kszosla@ornl.gov; Talmage, S. S. 1; Morris, G. W. 1; Konetsky, B. K. 1; Rottero, T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA.; 2: AMEC Earth and Environmental, Inc., 6626 Central Avenue Pike, Knoxville, Tennessee 37912, USA.; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p0066; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic organisms; Thesaurus Term: Ethylene dibromide; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic biology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00244-002-0151-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Barbara R.
AU  - O'Neill, Hugh M.
AU  - Malyvanh, Valerie P.
AU  - Lee, Ida
AU  - Woodward, Jonathan
T1  - Palladium-bacterial cellulose membranes for fuel cells
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
SN  - 09565663
AB  - Bacterial cellulose is a versatile renewable biomaterial that can be used as a hydrophilic matrix for the incorporation of metals into thin, flexible, thermally stable membranes. In contrast to plant cellulose, we found it catalyzed the deposition of metals within its structure to generate a finely divided homogeneous catalyst layer. Experimental data suggested that bacterial cellulose possessed reducing groups capable of initiating the precipitation of palladium, gold, and silver from aqueous solution. Since the bacterial cellulose contained water equivalent to at least 200 times the dry weight of the cellulose, it was dried to a thin membranous structure suitable for the construction of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). Results of our study with palladium-cellulose showed that it was capable of catalyzing the generation of hydrogen when incubated with sodium dithionite and generated an electrical current from hydrogen in an MEA containing native cellulose as the polyelectrolyte membrane (PEM). Advantages of using native and metallized bacterial cellulose membranes in an MEA over other PEMs such as Nafion 117® include its higher thermal stability to 130 °C and lower gas crossover. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLULOSE
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - Bacterial cellulose
KW  - Membrane electrode assembly
KW  - Palladium deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 9544612; Evans, Barbara R. 1; Email Address: evansb@ornl.gov O'Neill, Hugh M. 1 Malyvanh, Valerie P. 2 Lee, Ida 3 Woodward, Jonathan 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 4500N Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA  2: Maryville College, Maryville, TN 37804, USA  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p917; Subject Term: CELLULOSE; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacterial cellulose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane electrode assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium deposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0956-5663(02)00212-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Utter, S.B.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Träert, E.
T1  - Accurate wavelengths of resonance lines in Zn-like heavy ions.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 81
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 911
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - Using an electron-beam ion trap and a flat-field spectrometer, the extreme ultraviolet resonance lines of Zn-like ions of Yb, W, Au, Pb, Th, and U were observed and their wavelengths measured with greatly improved accuracy. The results are compared to those from laser-produced plasmas and to theory, and significant differences are found. PACS Nos.: 32.30.Jc, 39.30.+w (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - On a utilisé un piège ionique à faisceaux électroniques pour la production des spectres résonants UVE dans des ions isoélectroniques du Zn, les éléments Yb, W, Au, Th et U et avons mesuré les longueurs d'ondes avec une précision grandement améliorée. Les mesures sont comparées avec des résultats obtenus dans des plasmas générés par laser et avec des calculs. On a trouvé des différences significatives. [Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Spectrometers
KW  - Resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 10945563; Utter, S.B. 1; Beiersdorfer, P. 1; Email Address: beiersdorfer@llnl.gov; Träert, E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Division of Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 81 Issue 7, p911; Thesaurus Term: Zinc; Thesaurus Term: Ultraviolet radiation; Subject Term: Heavy ions; Subject Term: Spectrometers; Subject Term: Resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/P03-071
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, Joe W.
T1  - Evidence emerges for early metastasis and parallel evolution of primary and metastatic tumors
JO  - Cancer Cell
JF  - Cancer Cell
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
SN  - 15356108
AB  - Tumor progression to metastasis usually is assumed to occur through clonal genomic and epigenetic evolution. However,  present evidence that challenges this paradigm. They show that genomic aberrations in tumor cells disseminated in the bone marrows of patients with no clinical evidence of metastasis generally do not resemble the aberrations in the primary tumors from which they arose. They interpret this to mean that tumor cells disseminate very early and evolve to metastatic disease independent from the primary tumor. Their model suggests that adjuvant therapies should be targeted to lesions in the disseminated cells rather than lesions found in primary tumors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Cell is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER invasiveness
KW  - CANCER cell growth
KW  - BONE marrow
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - CANCER cells
N1  - Accession Number: 10353662; Gray, Joe W. 1,2; Email Address: jwgray@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p4; Subject Term: CANCER invasiveness; Subject Term: CANCER cell growth; Subject Term: BONE marrow; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: CANCER cells; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1535-6108(03)00167-3
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dilmanian, F.A.
AU  - Kalef-Ezra, J.
AU  - Petersen, M.J.
AU  - Bozios, G.
AU  - Vosswinkel, J.
AU  - Giron, F.
AU  - Ren, B.
AU  - Yakupov, R.
AU  - Antonakopoulos, G.
T1  - Could X-ray microbeams inhibit angioplasty-induced restenosis in the rat carotid artery?
JO  - Cardiovascular Radiation Medicine
JF  - Cardiovascular Radiation Medicine
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 15221865
AB  - : BackgroundParallel, thin (<100 μm) planes of synchrotron-generated X rays, have been shown to spare normal tissues and preferentially damage tumors in animal models. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of such microbeams directed unidirectionally on angioplasted rat carotid arteries.: Methods and materialsThree groups of Sprague–Dawley rats were studied: (a) rats with normal, untreated arteries, (b) rats treated by balloon angioplasty, but not irradiated, and (c) rats treated with balloon angioplasty and exposed to single fraction, unidirectional, parallel, microbeams an hour after angioplasty. The microbeam array, 15 mm wide×7.6 mm high, consisting of 27-μm-wide beam slices, spaced 200 μm center-to-center laterally traversed the damaged artery. The in-depth in-beam dose was 150 Gy, the “valley” dose (dose midway between microbeams resulting mainly from X-ray scattering) was 4.5 Gy on average, and the “integrated” (averaged) dose was 26 Gy.: ResultsMicrobeam irradiation, as given in the present study, was tolerated, but was insufficient to significantly suppress the neointimal hyperplasia.: DiscussionThe microbeam dose used is considered low. Dose escalation would be necessary to reach conclusive results regarding the X-ray microbeam efficacy to control restenosis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cardiovascular Radiation Medicine is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - TISSUES
KW  - ANGIOPLASTY
KW  - CAROTID artery
KW  - Angioplasty
KW  - External beam irradiation
KW  - Microbeam radiation therapy
KW  - Restenosis
KW  - Vascular radiation effects
N1  - Accession Number: 12311409; Dilmanian, F.A. 1 Kalef-Ezra, J. 2; Email Address: jkalef@cc.uoi.gr Petersen, M.J. 3 Bozios, G. 2 Vosswinkel, J. 3 Giron, F. 3 Ren, B. 1 Yakupov, R. 1 Antonakopoulos, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Medical Physics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 451.10 Ioannina, Greece  3: Division of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  4: Histology Department, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 412.22 Larissa, Greece; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p139; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: TISSUES; Subject Term: ANGIOPLASTY; Subject Term: CAROTID artery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angioplasty; Author-Supplied Keyword: External beam irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbeam radiation therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Restenosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vascular radiation effects; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1522-1865(03)00180-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Capehart, Barney L.
AU  - Turner, Wayne C.
AU  - Salas, Carl E.
AU  - Parker, Steven A.
T1  - New Certification Program Available for Distributed Generation and Combined Heat and Power Professionals.
JO  - Cogeneration & Competitive Power Journal
JF  - Cogeneration & Competitive Power Journal
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 80
SN  - 10668683
AB  - The Association of Energy Engineers recently created a new certification program for distributed generation and combined heat and power professionals. The purpose of this article is to discuss this new program, describe a new distributed generation course that will soon be offered, and explain the topics that will be covered by the certification examination. The article then outlines the certification procedure for professionals presently working in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Cogeneration & Competitive Power Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 75437300; Capehart, Barney L. 1; Email Address: Capehart@ise.ufl.edu Turner, Wayne C. 2; Email Address: wturner@okstate.edu Salas, Carl E. 3; Email Address: carl@salasobrien.com Parker, Steven A. 4; Email Address: steven.parker@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of Florida  2: Oklahoma State University  3: Salas O'Brien Engineers, Inc.  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p71; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15453660309509024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barney L. Capehart
AU  - Ph.D.
AU  - C.E.M.
AU  - Carl E. Salas
AU  - P.E.
AU  - Wayne C. Turner
AU  - Steven A. Parker
T1  - NEW CERTIFICATION PROGRAM AVAILABLE FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PROFESSIONALS.
JO  - Cogeneration & Distributed Generation Journal
JF  - Cogeneration & Distributed Generation Journal
Y1  - 2003///Summer2003
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 80
SN  - 15453669
AB  - The Association of Energy Engineers recently created a new certification program for distributed generation and combined heat and power professionals. The purpose of this article is to discuss this new program, describe a new distributed generation course that will soon be offered, and explain the topics that will be covered by the certification examination. The article then outlines the certification procedure for professionals presently working in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cogeneration & Distributed Generation Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.
KW  - CERTIFICATION
KW  - EXAMINATIONS
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 22606408; Barney L. Capehart Ph.D. C.E.M. 1,2,3,4 Carl E. Salas P.E. Wayne C. Turner Steven A. Parker; Affiliation:  1: University of Florida  2: Salas O'Brien Engineers, Inc.  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory  4: Oklahoma State University; Source Info: Summer2003, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p71; Subject Term: ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.; Subject Term: CERTIFICATION; Subject Term: EXAMINATIONS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elliott, Scott
AU  - Stringfield, Ray M.
T1  - CHEMISTRY IN NEXT-GENERATION ROCKET PLUME MODELS.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 175
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1179
EP  - 1210
SN  - 00102202
AB  - Chemical processes are central to the comprehension of rocket and missile exhaust structure. Afterburning of superstoichiometric, reduced products drives heating beyond the nozzle. Trace metals can suppress radical cycling intensities and simultaneously act as the source of ionization. Particles inorganic and otherwise undergo fluid slip and thereby impact heat and momentum budgets. All radiation interactions of the plume are intimately coupled into this rich chemical environment. Several atomic and chemiluminescent spectra appear in the submicron range. A variety of particulate types glow as continuum blackbodies in the infrared. Subject to quantum mechanical restrictions, major and trace gases emit as well. Radio frequencies are attenuated by the weak plasma and may also be generated where charge separation and turbulence conjoin. Renewed interest in missile defense will motivate refinements in plume detection, particularly for the boost phase. We review current theory and modeling of exhaust chemistry in order to anticipate next-generation computations required to guide the sensor community. A variety of organic, composite, and liquid fuel types is described along with the dopants that can be introduced. Chemical behavior is outlined within thecombustion chamber and through the nozzle expansion zone. A brief history of exhaust kinetics modeling is then provided. Increasing complexity of reaction lists, integrators, and coupling to fluid dynamics are stressed. Parameterized submechanisms are recommended relevant to the major radiation interaction types. The nonequilibrium aerosol is dealt with over a range of compositions and sizes. We conclude by organizing a list of potential research priorities. Due to computational intensity and interdisciplinarity of the plume chemistry problem, cross-institutional programs are advised. Increased reaction detail should improve the performance of existing kinetics routines and lead also to convergence. Automation of chemistry setup and optimization of numerics will facilitate sensitivity tests and reaction tailoring. Multifluid hydrodynamics and gaseous electronic calculations may yield insights on radio frequency emissions from the backstreaming and Mach diamond regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Chemical processes
KW  - Ionization (Atomic physics)
KW  - afterburn
KW  - combustion chemistry
KW  - ionization
KW  - particles
KW  - radiation
KW  - rocket fuels
KW  - simulation
KW  - trace metals
N1  - Accession Number: 15531322; Elliott, Scott 1; Email Address: sme@lanl.gov; Stringfield, Ray M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth/Environment and Plasma Physics Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 175 Issue 7, p1179; Thesaurus Term: Chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Chemical processes; Subject Term: Ionization (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: afterburn; Author-Supplied Keyword: combustion chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: rocket fuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: trace metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102200390201640
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dandekar, D.P.
AU  - Hall, C.A.
AU  - Chhabildas, L.C.
AU  - Reinhart, W.D.
T1  - Shock response of a glass-fiber-reinforced polymer composite
JO  - Composite Structures
JF  - Composite Structures
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 61
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
SN  - 02638223
AB  - The present work describes the compression and release response of a glass-fiber-reinforced polyester composite (GRP) under shock loading to 20 GPa. Shock experiments in GRP were performed at Sandia National Laboratories and the US Army Research Laboratory. GRP is a heterogeneous material. The diagnostic measurements fluctuate beyond the precision of the experimental measurements but they do permit determination of an average response of the material at the end state. These experiments show that: (i) GRP deforms elastically in compression to at least 1.3 GPa; (ii) the deformation coordinates of shocked and re-shocked GRP lie on the deformation locus of initially shocked GRP to 4.3 GPa; (iii) and the release path of GRP shocked to varying magnitudes of stresses indicate that the GRP expands such that its density when stresses are released in the range of 3–5 GPa from a peak compressive stress of 9 GPa and above is lower than the initial density of GRP. Possible reasons for the observed lower density remain to be investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composite Structures is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - Composite
KW  - Compression
KW  - Hugoniot elastic limit
KW  - Release
KW  - Shock wave
N1  - Accession Number: 9655896; Dandekar, D.P. 1; Email Address: ddandek@arl.mil Hall, C.A. 2 Chhabildas, L.C. 2 Reinhart, W.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: US Army Research Laboratory, Terminal Effects Division, Impact Physics Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5066, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 1610, Shock Physics Applications, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1811, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 61 Issue 1/2, p51; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hugoniot elastic limit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Release; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock wave; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0263-8223(03)00031-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaetani, Glenn A.
AU  - Kent, Adam J. R.
AU  - Grove, Timothy L.
AU  - Hutcheon, Ian D.
AU  - Stolper, Edward M.
T1  - Mineral/melt partitioning of trace elements during hydrous peridotite partial melting.
JO  - Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology
JF  - Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 145
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 405
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00107999
AB  - This experimental study examines the mineral/melt partitioning of incompatible trace elements among high-Ca clinopyroxene, garnet, and hydrous silicate melt at upper mantle pressure and temperature conditions. Experiments were performed at pressures of 1.2 and 1.6 GPa and temperatures of 1,185 to 1,370 °C. Experimentally produced silicate melts contain up to 6.3 wt% dissolved H2O, and are saturated with an upper mantle peridotite mineral assemblage of olivine+orthopyroxene+clinopyroxene+spinel or garnet. Clinopyroxene/melt and garnet/melt partition coefficients were measured for Li, B, K, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, and select rare earth elements by secondary ion mass spectrometry. A comparison of our experimental results for trivalent cations (REEs and Y) with the results from calculations carried out using the Wood-Blundy partitioning model indicates that H2O dissolved in the silicate melt has a discernible effect on trace element partitioning. Experiments carried out at 1.2 GPa, 1,315 °C and 1.6 GPa, 1,370 °C produced clinopyroxene containing 15.0 and 13.9 wt% CaO, respectively, coexisting with silicate melts containing ~1–2 wt% H2O. Partition coefficients measured in these experiments are consistent with the Wood-Blundy model. However, partition coefficients determined in an experiment carried out at 1.2 GPa and 1,185 °C, which produced clinopyroxene containing 19.3 wt% CaO coexisting with a high-H2O (6.26±0.10 wt%) silicate melt, are significantly smaller than predicted by the Wood-Blundy model. Accounting for the depolymerized structure of the H2O-rich melt eliminates the mismatch between experimental result and model prediction. Therefore, the increased Ca2+ content of clinopyroxene at low-temperature, hydrous conditions does not enhance compatibility to the extent indicated by results from anhydrous experiments, and models used to predict mineral/melt partition coefficients during hydrous peridotite partial melting in the sub-arc mantle must take into account the effects of H2O on the structure of silicate melts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mines & mineral resources
KW  - Solution (Chemistry)
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Fusion (Phase transformation)
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Physical & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16899473; Gaetani, Glenn A. 1,2,3; Email Address: ggaetani@whoi.edu; Kent, Adam J. R. 2,4,5; Grove, Timothy L. 1; Hutcheon, Ian D. 4; Stolper, Edward M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA; 2: Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 91125, Pasadena, CA, USA; 3: Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 02543, Woods Hole, MA, USA; 4: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 94551, Livermore, CA, USA; 5: Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, 97331-5506, Corvallis, OR, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 145 Issue 4, p391; Thesaurus Term: Mines & mineral resources; Thesaurus Term: Solution (Chemistry); Subject Term: Minerals; Subject Term: Fusion (Phase transformation); Subject Term: Rocks; Subject Term: Physical & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00410-003-0447-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Hansung
AU  - Popov, Branko N.
AU  - Chen, Ken S.
T1  - Comparison of corrosion-resistance and hydrogen permeation properties of Zn–Ni, Zn–Ni–Cd and Cd coatings on low-carbon steel
JO  - Corrosion Science
JF  - Corrosion Science
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1505
SN  - 0010938X
AB  - Zn–Ni–Cd alloy was electroplated from an alkaline sulfate bath under potentiostatic conditions. The corrosion and hydrogen permeation characteristics of Zn–Ni–Cd alloy coatings electrodeposited from alkaline bath were studied and compared with those of Cd and Zn–Ni coatings obtained using commercial baths. Zn–Ni–Cd alloy was electroplated from an alkaline sulfate bath under potentiostatic conditions. The corrosion potential of this Zn–Ni–Cd coating was −0.62 V vs. SCE, which is still negative potential compared to iron. The corrosion rate of Zn–Ni–Cd coated steel was 0.073 mm y−1, which is estimated in a <f>0.5 M Na2SO4+0.5 M H3BO3</f> solution at a pH of 7. This value is much lower than the corrosion rate of Zn–Ni alloy (0.502 mm y−1) and Cd (0.306 mm y−1) coatings deposited from commercial baths. Zn–Ni–Cd alloys are also demonstrated to have superior hydrogen permeation inhibition properties compared to Cd and Zn–Ni coatings. Kinetic parameters of hydrogen permeation such as the transfer coefficient, <f>α</f>, the modified exchange current density, <f>i0′</f>, thickness dependent adsorption–absorption rate constant, <f>k″</f>, recombination rate constant, <f>k3</f>, surface hydrogen coverage, <f>θs</f>, were evaluated by applying a mathematical model to analyze experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Corrosion Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Alloys
KW  - Corrosion & anti-corrosives
KW  - Potentiostat
N1  - Accession Number: 9340448; Kim, Hansung 1; Popov, Branko N. 1; Email Address: popov@engr.sc.edu; Chen, Ken S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Center for Electrochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; 2: Engineering Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 45 Issue 7, p1505; Thesaurus Term: Alloys; Thesaurus Term: Corrosion & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: Potentiostat; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-938X(02)00228-7
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esenkov, Oleg E.
AU  - Olson, Donald B.
AU  - Bleck, Rainer
T1  - A study of the circulation and salinity budget of the Arabian Sea with an isopycnic coordinate ocean model
JO  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
JF  - Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 50
IS  - 12/13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2091
SN  - 09670645
AB  - The evolution of surface circulation and salinity budget are studied with the open-boundary version of the Miami Isopycnic Coordinate Ocean Model (MICOM) that uses a global MICOM simulation as a boundary condition. Under climatological wind and thermodynamic forcing, the model develops solutions that are in good agreement with the climatologically forced global MICOM results and with observations. When the observed winds force the model, interannual variability of the surface fields increases significantly. However, coalescence of the two large eddies off Somalia in the end of the summer monsoon suggested in earlier observations does not occur in the model. To identify what processes facilitate or restrict the merger, a series of experiments was performed with modified model parameters and forcing fields. The eddies coalesced when half-slip, rather than no-slip, boundary conditions were used. In this case, less positive vorticity was produced at the coast, resulting in reduced blocking effect on the propagation of the southern eddy. The Socotra Island, which is submerged in the standard model, hinders a northward movement of the Great Whirl, leading to a stronger interaction between the eddies, which results in their subsequent merging. A more realistic coalescence occurs in an experiment where winds are held constant after reaching the peak summer value.Freshwater fluxes from the east and south are important for the salinity budget in the Arabian Sea, where evaporation exceeds precipitation. The only significant cross-equatorial transport of low-salinity water occurs in the upper 400 m in the model. Most of this water is advected below the surface mixed layer at the western boundary. The strongest interaction between the mixed layer and the oceanic interior occurs during the summer in the coastal upwelling regions off Somalia. Almost half of all upwelled water comes from depths between 100 and 200 m, thus signifying the importance of mid-depth circulation and water mass distribution for the surface processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Deep-Sea Research Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric turbulence
KW  - Winds
KW  - Atmospheric thermodynamics
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Eddies
KW  - Somalia
KW  - Arabian Sea
N1  - Accession Number: 9949452; Esenkov, Oleg E. 1; Email Address: esenkov@aoml.noaa.gov; Olson, Donald B. 2; Bleck, Rainer 3; Affiliations: 1: Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA; 2: Division of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B296, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 50 Issue 12/13, p2091; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric turbulence; Thesaurus Term: Winds; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric thermodynamics; Thesaurus Term: Thermodynamics; Subject Term: Turbulence; Subject Term: Eddies; Subject: Somalia; Subject: Arabian Sea; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0967-0645(03)00047-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akbari, H.
T1  - Measured energy savings from the application of reflective roofs in two small non-residential buildings
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 28
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 953
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Energy use and environmental parameters were monitored in two small (14.9 m2) non-residential buildings during the summer of 2000. The buildings were initially monitored for about 1 1/2 months to establish a base condition. The roofs of the buildings were then painted with a white coating and the monitoring was continued. The original solar reflectivities of the roofs were about 26%; after the application of roof coatings the reflectivities increased to about 72%. The monitored electricity savings were about 0.5 kWh per day (33 Wh/m2 per day). The estimated annual savings are about 125 kWh per year (8.4 kWh/m2); at a cost of $0.1/kWh, savings are about $0.86/m2 per year. Obviously, it costs significantly more than this amount to coat the roofs with reflective coating, particularly because of the remote locations of these buildings. However, since the pre-fabricated roofs are already painted green at the factory, painting them a white (reflective) color would bring no additional cost. Hence, a reflective roof saves energy at no incremental cost. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - SUMMER
N1  - Accession Number: 9402138; Akbari, H. 1; Email Address: h_akbari@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Heat Island Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p953; Subject Term: ENERGY conservation; Subject Term: SUMMER; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00032-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, W. Bart
AU  - Sanstad, Alan H.
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
T1  - Contributions of weather and fuel mix to recent declines in US energy and carbon intensity
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
SN  - 01409883
AB  - A recent (1996–2000) acceleration of declines in energy and carbon intensity in the US remains largely unexplained. This study uses Divisia decomposition and regression to test two candidate explanations—fuel mix and weather. The Divisia method demonstrates that fuel mix does not explain the declines in carbon intensity. The fuel mix, both overall and for electricity generation, became slightly more carbon intensive over the study period (though the slight trend reversed before the end of the period). A regression-based correction to the Divisia indices, accounting for variation in heating- and cooling-degree-days, indicates that warmer weather accounts for approximately 30% of the total declines. This leaves declines of more than 2% per year (and an acceleration of more than 1% over the previous decade) remaining to be explained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - United States
KW  - Carbon emissions
KW  - Divisia
N1  - Accession Number: 9950296; Davis, W. Bart 1,2; Email Address: wbdavis@lbl.gov; Sanstad, Alan H. 1; Email Address: ahsanstad@lbl.gov; Koomey, Jonathan G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Department, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p375; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divisia; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0140-9883(02)00094-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Richard E.
AU  - Koomey, Jonathan G.
T1  - Electricity use in California: past trends and present usage patterns
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 31
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 849
SN  - 03014215
AB  - This paper provides a general overview of electricity consumption and peak load in California, by both sector and end use. We examine the growth in electricity demand between 1980 and 2000, as well as the composition of electricity end uses in 1999. One of the main conclusions from this analysis is that electricity use in California in the 1990s did not grow explosively, nor was the amount of growth unanticipated. In both absolute and relative terms, growth in electricity use was greater in the 1980s than the 1990s. During the 1990s, most of the growth in electricity use has been in the buildings sector, particularly commercial buildings. In 2000, the building sector accounted for 2/3 of annual electricity consumption and 3/4 of the summer peak load. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electric power consumption
KW  - California
KW  - United States
KW  - Electricity demand
KW  - Electricity end use
KW  - Peak load
N1  - Accession Number: 9231153; Brown, Richard E.; Email Address: rebrown@lbl.gov; Koomey, Jonathan G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Mail Stop 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 31 Issue 9, p849; Thesaurus Term: Electric power consumption; Subject: California; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity demand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity end use; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak load; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00129-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, John G.
T1  - Recovery of the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community in a Small Stream After Long-Term Discharges of Fly Ash.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 92
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Recovery of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in a small east Tennessee stream impacted by fly ash discharges from a power plant was investigated over a period of 6.5 years. The rate of recovery was greatest in the first 2 years after an initial 75% reduction in coal use led to a similar reduction in ash discharges and associated contaminants; further recovery followed after all fly ash discharges ceased. Recovery of the stream progressed through two phases. In the first phase, which lasted for approximately the first 2 years, most density and richness metrics increased considerably. In the second phase of recovery, the increases in metric values were followed by declines before fluctuating in and out of the lower reference ranges for the metrics. Detrended correspondence analyses and indicator species analyses showed that changes in species composition and community structure were ongoing throughout the second phase. Thus, the first phase was characterized by species additions, while the second phase involved species replacements and shifts in community dominants. Further recovery of the macroinvertebrate community will probably depend on additional flushing of fly ash deposits from the streambed and flood plain, because their continued presence reduces habitat quality in the stream and serves as a potential source of contaminants. Further recovery also may be limited by the availability of vagile species in nearby watersheds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Coal ash
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - Benthic macroinvertebrates
KW  - Biomonitoring
KW  - Community structure
KW  - Disturbance
KW  - Multivariate analysis
KW  - Recovery
N1  - Accession Number: 15311407; Smith, John G. 1; Email Address: smithjg@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, MS-6038, P.O. Box 2008, 37831, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p77; Thesaurus Term: Fly ash; Thesaurus Term: Coal ash; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Thesaurus Term: Rivers; Subject: Tennessee; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benthic macroinvertebrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomonitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Community structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recovery; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 007/s00267-003-2962-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Kemner, Kenneth M.
AU  - Burris, David R.
T1  - Effects of Ag[sup I], Au[sup III], and Cu[sup II] on the Reductive Dechlorination of Carbon Tetrachloride by Green Rust.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07//7/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2905
EP  - 2912
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Green rusts (GRs), mixed iron(II)/iron(III) hydroxide minerals found in many suboxic environments, have been shown to reduce a range of organic and inorganic contaminants, including several chlorinated hydrocarbons. Many studies have demonstrated the catalytic activity of transition metal species in the reduction of chlorinated hydrocarbons, suggesting the potential for enhanced reduction by GR in the presence of an appropriate transition metal catalyst. Reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride (CT) was examined in aqueous suspensions of GR amended with Ag[sup I], Au[sup III], or Cu[sup II]. The CT reduction rates were greatly increased for systems amended with Cu[sup II], Au[sup III], and Ag[sup I] (listed in order of increasing rates) relative to GR alone. Observed intermediates and products included chloroform, dichloromethane, chloromethane, methane, acetylene, ethene, ethane, carbon monoxide, tetrachloroethene, and various nonchlorinated C[sub 3] and C[sub 4] compounds. Product distributions for the reductive dechlorination of CT were highly dependent on the transition metal used. A reaction pathway scheme is proposed in which CT is reduced primarily to methane and other nonchlorinated end products, largely through a series of one-electron reductions forming radicals and carbenes/carbenoids. Recently, X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of aqueous GR suspensions amended with Ag[sup I], Au[sup III], or Cu[sup II] showed that the metals were reduced to their zerovalent forms. A possible mechanism for CT reduction is the formation of a galvanic couple involving the zerovalent metal and GR, with reduction of CT occurring on the surface of the metal and GR serving as the bulk electron source. The enhanced reduction of CT by GR suspensions amended with Ag[sup I], Au[sup III], or Cu[sup II] may prove useful in the development of improved materials for remediation of chlorinated organic contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Iron
KW  - Carbon tetrachloride
KW  - Chlorination
N1  - Accession Number: 10770363; O'Loughlin, Edward J. 1,2; Email Address: oloughlin@anl.gov; Kemner, Kenneth M. 2; Burris, David R. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Air Force Research Laboratory, Florida; 2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory; 3: Integrated Science and Technology, Inc., Florida; Issue Info: 7/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 13, p2905; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Carbon tetrachloride; Subject Term: Chlorination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherepy, Nerine J.
AU  - Wildenschild, Dorthe
T1  - Electrolyte Management for Effective Long-Term Electro-Osmotic Transport in Low-Permeability Soils.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07//7/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3024
EP  - 3030
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Electro-osmosis, a coupled-flow phenomenon in which an applied electrical potential gradient drives water flow, may be used to induce water flow through fine-grained sediments. Test cell measurements of electro-osmotic transport in clayey cores extracted from the 27-31 m depth range of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory site indicate the importance of pH control within the anode and cathode reservoirs. In our first experiment, pH was not controlled. As a result, carbonate precipitation and metals precipitation occurred near the cathode end of the core, with acidification near the anode. The combination of these acid and base reactions led to the decline of electroosmotic flow by a factor of 2 in less than one pore volume. In a second experiment, long-term water transport (>21 pore volumes) at stable electro-osmotic conductivity (k[sub eo] ∼ 1 × 10[sup -9] m²/s-V) was effected with anode reservoir pH > 8, and cathode reservoir pH < 6. Hydraulic conductivity (k[sub h]) of the same core was 4 × 10[sup -10] m/s under a 0.07 MPa hydraulic gradient without electro-osmosis. Stable electro-osmotic flow was measured at a velocity of 4 × 10[sup -7] m/s under a 4 V/cm voltage gradient, and no hydraulic gradient—3 orders of magnitude greater than the hydraulic flow. We also observed chloroform production in the anode reservoir, resulting from electrochemical production of chlorine gas reacting with trace organics. The chloroform was transported electro-osmotically to the cathode, without measurable loss to adsorption, volatilization, or degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soils
KW  - Electro-osmosis
N1  - Accession Number: 10770380; Cherepy, Nerine J. 1; Email Address: cherepyl@llnl.gov; Wildenschild, Dorthe 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; 2: Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Issue Info: 7/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 13, p3024; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Subject Term: Electro-osmosis; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forestier, Marc
AU  - King, Paul
AU  - Zhang, Liping
AU  - Posewitz, Matthew
AU  - Schwarzer, Sarah
AU  - Happe, Thomas
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
AU  - Seibert, Michael
T1  - Expression of two [Fe]-hydrogenases in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under anaerobic conditions.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 270
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2750
EP  - 2758
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - We have isolated and characterized a second [Fe]-hydrogenase gene from the green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . The HydA2 gene encodes a protein of 505 amino acids that is 74% similar and 68% identical to the known HydA1 hydrogenase from C. reinhardtii. HydA2 contains all the conserved residues and motifs found in the catalytic core of the family of [Fe]-hydrogenases. We demonstrate that both the HydA1 and the HydA2 transcripts are expressed upon anaerobic induction, achieved either by neutral gas purging or by sulfur deprivation of the cultures. Furthermore, the expression levels of both transcripts are regulated (in some cases differently) by incubation conditions, such as the length of anaerobiosis, the readdition of O2 , the presence of acetate, and/or the absence of nutrients such as sulfate during growth. Antibodies specific for HydA2 recognized a protein of about 49 kDa in extracts from anaerobically induced C. reinhardtii cells, strongly suggesting that HydA2 encodes for an expressed protein. Homology-based 3D modeling of the HydA2 hydrogenase shows that its catalytic site models well to the known structure of Clostridium pasteurianum CpI, including the H2 -gas channel. The major differences between HydA1, HydA2 and CpI are the absence of the N-terminal Fe-S centers and the existence of extra sequences in the algal enzymes. To our knowledge, this work represents the first systematic study of expression of two algal [Fe]-hydrogenases in the same organism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENASE
KW  - CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - anaerobic induction
KW  - gene expression
KW  - green algae
KW  - hydrogenase
KW  - sulfur deprivation
N1  - Accession Number: 10075564; Forestier, Marc 1 King, Paul 1 Zhang, Liping 1 Posewitz, Matthew 1 Schwarzer, Sarah 2 Happe, Thomas 2 Ghirardi, Maria L. 1 Seibert, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO USA;  2: Ruhr-Universitaet-Bochum, Lehrstuhl Biochemie der Pflanzen AG Photobiotechnologie, Bochum, Germany; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 270 Issue 13, p2750; Subject Term: HYDROGENASE; Subject Term: CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii; Subject Term: GENE expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: anaerobic induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: green algae; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: sulfur deprivation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03656
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Madey, R.
AU  - Semenov, A. Yu.
AU  - Taylor, S.
AU  - Aghalaryan, A.
AU  - Crouse, E.
AU  - MacLachlan, G.
AU  - Plaster, B.
AU  - Tajima, S.
AU  - Tireman, W.
AU  - Yan, Chenyu
AU  - Ahmidouch, A.
AU  - Anderson, B. D.
AU  - Arenhövel, H.
AU  - Asaturyan, R.
AU  - Baker, O.
AU  - Baldwin, A. R.
AU  - Breuer, H.
AU  - Carlini, R.
AU  - Christy, E.
AU  - Churchwell, S.
T1  - Neutron electric form factor up to Q2 = 1.47 GeV/c2.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 327
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The ratio of the electric to the magnetic form factor of the neutron, g = GEn/GMn, was measured via recoil polarimetry (R.G. Arnold, C.E. Carlson, F. Gross, Phys. Rev. C 23, 363 (1981)) from the quasielastic 2H([This symbol cannot be presented in ASCII format], e′ [This symbol cannot be presented in ASCII format])1H reaction at three values of Q2 (viz, 0.45, 1.15, and 1.47 (GeV/c)2)in Hall C of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The data reveal that GEn continues to follow the Galster parameterization up to Q = 1.15 (GeV/c)2 and rises above the Galster parameterization at Q 2 = 1.47 (GeV/c)2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - POLARIMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16708294; Madey, R. 1,2; Email Address: madey@jlab.org Semenov, A. Yu. 1 Taylor, S. 3 Aghalaryan, A. 4 Crouse, E. 5 MacLachlan, G. 6 Plaster, B. 3 Tajima, S. 7 Tireman, W. 1 Yan, Chenyu 1 Ahmidouch, A. 8 Anderson, B. D. 1 Arenhövel, H. 9 Asaturyan, R. 4 Baker, O. 10 Baldwin, A. R. 1 Breuer, H. 11 Carlini, R. 2 Christy, E. 10 Churchwell, S. 7; Affiliation:  1: Kent State University, OH 44242, Kent, USA  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, VA 23606, Newport News, USA  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02139, Cambridge, USA  4: Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036, Yerevan, Armenia  5: The College of William and Mary, VA 23187, Williamsburg, USA  6: Ohio University, OH 45701, Athens, USA  7: Duke University, NC 27708, Durham, USA  8: North Carolina A&T State University, NC 27411, Greensboro, USA  9: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099, Mainz, Germany  10: Hampton University, VA 23668, Hampton, USA  11: University of Maryland, MD 20742, College Park, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p323; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: POLARIMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10169-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paris, M. W.
T1  - Spacelike and timelike response of confined relativistic particles.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 405
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - Basic theoretical issues relating to the response of confined relativistic particles are considered including the scaling of the response in spacelike and timelike regions of momentum transfer and the role of final-state interactions. A simple single-particle potential model incorporating relativity and linear confinement is solved exactly and its response is calculated. The response is studied in common approximation schemes and it is found that final-state interactions effects persist in the limit that the three-momentum transferred to the target is large. The fact that the particles are bound leads to a nonzero response in the timelike region of four-momentum transfer equal to about 10% of the total strength. The strength in the timelike region must be taken into account to fulfill the particle number sum rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELATIVISTIC particles
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RELATIVITY (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 16708259; Paris, M. W. 1; Email Address: paris@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, NM 87545, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p401; Subject Term: RELATIVISTIC particles; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RELATIVITY (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10204-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reddy, S.
T1  - Neutrino interactions in dense stellar matter.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
EP  - 481
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - Weak-interaction rates play an important role in the birth of neutron stars in core collapse supernova and their subsequent thermal evolution. In this paper, I highlight the role of strong interactions and phase transitions in calculations of neutrino scattering and emission rates in dense stellar matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON stars
KW  - STARS
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY theories
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 16708268; Reddy, S. 1,2; Email Address: reddy@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave, MA 02139, Cambridge, USA  2: Center for Theoretical Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS B283, NM 87545, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p475; Subject Term: NEUTRON stars; Subject Term: STARS; Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY theories; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10195-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes, T.
T1  - Exotics and all that.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 489
EP  - 492
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - This invited contribution summarizes some of the more important aspects of exotics. We review theoretical expectations for exotic and nonexotic hybrid mesons, and briefly discuss the leading experimental candidate for an exotic, the π1(1600). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXOTIC atoms
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MESONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HADRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16708267; Barnes, T. 1,2; Email Address: barnes@bethe.phy.ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, TN 37831, Oak Ridge, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, TN 37996, Knoxville, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p489; Subject Term: EXOTIC atoms; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10196-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott F. DeMuth
AU  - Gary R. Thayer
T1  - An updated cost study for enhanced sludge washing of radioactive waste.
JO  - Federal Facilities Environmental Journal
JF  - Federal Facilities Environmental Journal
Y1  - 2003///Summer2003
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 10484078
AB  - This article updates previous cost savings studies conducted to evaluate the use of enhanced sludge washing (ESW) of high-level radioactive waste at the United States Department of Energy Hanford Site. The cost savings estimate was updated using stochastic analysis based on new information from the Independent Review of Hanford High Level Waste Volume and the more recent Tank Waste Remediation System Operation and Utilization Plan. It is estimated that implementation of ESW in the tank waste remediation system (TWRS) at the Hanford Site can save approximately $4.8 billion compared to the use of an alternative, simpler water wash. The simpler water wash dissolution was found to be 85 percent as effective as the ESW dissolution. Further, the updated remediation cost estimate of $4.8 billion savings is uncertain only within ±$1.6 billion at the 95 percent confidence interval. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Reprinted from Remediation Volume 12, Number 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Federal Facilities Environmental Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Pollution prevention
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 10659618; Scott F. DeMuth 1; Gary R. Thayer 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Summer2003, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p87; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Thesaurus Term: Cost effectiveness; Thesaurus Term: Pollution prevention; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dullin, Holger R.
AU  - Gottwald, Georg A.
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
T1  - Camassa–Holm, Korteweg–de Vries-5 and other asymptotically equivalent equations for shallow water waves
JO  - Fluid Dynamics Research
JF  - Fluid Dynamics Research
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 01695983
AB  - We derive the Camassa–Holm equation (CH) as a shallow water wave equation with surface tension in an asymptotic expansion that extends one order beyond the Korteweg–de Vries equation (KdV). We show that CH is asymptotically equivalent to KdV5 (the fifth-order integrable equation in the KdV hierarchy) by using the non-linear/non-local transformations introduced in Kodama (Phys. Lett. A 107 (1985a) 245; Phys. Lett. A 112 (1985b) 193; Phys. Lett. A 123 (1987) 276). We also classify its travelling wave solutions as a function of Bond number by using phase plane analysis. Finally, we discuss the experimental observability of the CH solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Dynamics Research is the property of IOP Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRAL equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9951949; Dullin, Holger R. 1; Email Address: h.r.dullin@lboro.ac.uk Gottwald, Georg A. 2; Email Address: gottwald@maths.usyd.edu.au Holm, Darryl D. 3,4; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK  2: Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia  3: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Mathematics Department, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 33 Issue 1/2, p73; Subject Term: INTEGRAL equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-5983(03)00046-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Annamalai, K.
AU  - Sweeten, J.
AU  - Freeman, M.
AU  - Mathur, M.
AU  - O'Dowd, W.
AU  - Walbert, G.
AU  - Jones, S.
T1  - Co-firing of coal and cattle feedlot biomass (FB) Fuels, Part III: fouling results from a 500,000 BTU/h pilot plant scale boiler burner&star;
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 82
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1195
SN  - 00162361
AB  - Part I of the paper presented a methodology for fuel collection, fuel characteristics of the FB, its relation to ration fed, and the change in fuel characteristics and volatile oxides due to composting.  The bench scale experiments with 30 kWt (100,000 BTU/h) facility revealed better combustion for coal: FB blends (90:10) than for coal alone and the NOx emission were slightly less with the blend (Part II).  Part III concerns with larger-scale (pilot plant) experiments conducted at the 150 kWt (150,0000 BTU/h) Combustion and Environmental Research Facility (CERF) of the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL).  Only fouling part of the results are reported in part III.  The 90:10 coal:FB blend resulted in almost twice the ash output compared to coal and ash deposits on heat exchanger tubes that were more difficult to remove than baseline coal ash deposits.  The increased fouling behavior with blend is probably due to the higher ash loading and ash composition of FB. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - COMPOST
N1  - Accession Number: 9497452; Annamalai, K. 1; Email Address: kannamalai@mengr.tamu.edu Sweeten, J. 2 Freeman, M. 3 Mathur, M. 3 O'Dowd, W. 3 Walbert, G. 4 Jones, S. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA  2: Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Amarillo, TX, USA  3: DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA, USA  4: Parsons Infrastructure and Technology, Inc., Library, PA, USA  5: X-Cel Energy, Amarillo, TX, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 82 Issue 10, p1195; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: COMPOST; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562219 Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325314 Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-2361(03)00025-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bae, Y.S.
AU  - Paek, C.H.
AU  - Rhee, M.J.
AU  - Namkung, W.
AU  - Cho, M.H.
AU  - Bernabei, S.
AU  - Park, H.
T1  - Design of 5.0-GHz KSTAR lower-hybrid coupler
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 65
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 569
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The Korean Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) tokamak is being constructed to perform long-pulse, high-β, advanced tokamak fusion physics experiments by Korean Basic Science Institute (KBSI). The KSTAR tokamak will use the non-inductive plasma current drive system, lower-hybrid current drive (LHCD) system for lone-pulse operation. A 5.0-GHz microwave coupler is designed for KSTAR LHCD experiments. Four high-power klystrons feed 128 guidelets at front coupler using hundred and twenty 3-dB power dividers including 3-dB power splitters in the coupler. The guidelet has a height of 5.5 cm and the width of 0.55 cm in order for the power flux density not to exceed 4.0 kW/cm2 at the guidelet. The coupler is constructed by laminating a stack of metal plates milled to waveguide patterns. This paper describes detailed design for the 3-dB power splitter, the fixed-phase shifter, and the taper section composing the coupler. Using the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) program, we achieved a phase difference of ±0.5° and a relative power difference less than 0.2% between two vertical guidelets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA waveguides
KW  - Guidelet
KW  - KSTAR
KW  - LHCD
KW  - Tokamak
N1  - Accession Number: 10504796; Bae, Y.S. 1; Email Address: ysbae7@postech.ac.kr Paek, C.H. 1 Rhee, M.J. 1 Namkung, W. 1 Cho, M.H. 1 Bernabei, S. 2 Park, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 65 Issue 4, p569; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA waveguides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Guidelet; Author-Supplied Keyword: KSTAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHCD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamak; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(02)00388-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LINK, STEVEN O.
AU  - SMITH, JEFFREY L.
AU  - HALVORSON, JONATHAN J.
AU  - BOLTON, HARVEY
T1  - A reciprocal transplant experiment within a climatic gradient in a semiarid shrub-steppe ecosystem: effects on bunchgrass growth and reproduction, soil carbon, and soil nitrogen.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 9
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1097
EP  - 1105
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Abstract We investigated the effect of climate change on Poa secunda Presl. and soils in a shrub-steppe ecosystem in south-eastern Washington. Intact soil cores containing P. secunda were reciprocally transplanted between two elevations. Plants and soils were examined, respectively, 4.5 and 5 years later. The lower elevation (310 m) site is warmer (28.5 °C air average monthly maximum) and drier (224 mm yr-1 ) than the upper elevation (844 m) site (23.5 °C air average monthly maximum, 272 mm yr-1 ). Observations were also made on undisturbed plants at both sites. There was no effect of climate change on plant density, shoot biomass, or carbon isotope discrimination in either transplanted plant population. The cooler, wetter environment significantly reduced percent cover and leaf length, while the warmer, drier environment had no effect. Warming and drying reduced percent shoot nitrogen, while the cooler, wetter environment had no effect. Culm density was zero for the lower elevation plants transplanted to the upper site and was 10.3 culms m-2 at the lower site. There was no effect of warming and drying on the culm density of the upper elevation plants. Culm density of in situ lower elevation plants was greater than that of the in situ upper elevation plants. Warming and drying reduced total soil carbon 32% and total soil nitrogen 40%. The cooler, wetter environment had no effect on total soil C or N. Of the C and N that was lost over time, 64% of both came from the particulate organic matter fraction (POM, > 53 µ m). There was no effect of warming and drying on the upper population of P. secunda while exposing the lower population to the cooler, wetter environment reduced reproductive effort and percent cover. With the warmer and drier conditions that may develop with climate change, total C and N of semiarid soils may decrease with the active fraction of soil C also rapidly decreasing, which may alter ecosystem... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOILS & climate
KW  - BLUEGRASSES (Plants)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - FECAL incontinence
KW  - climate change
KW  - culm density
KW  - Poa secunda
KW  - shoot biomass
KW  - soil
N1  - Accession Number: 10106892; LINK, STEVEN O. 1 SMITH, JEFFREY L. 2 HALVORSON, JONATHAN J. 3 BOLTON, HARVEY 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University Tri-Cities, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99352, USA,  2: United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA,  3: USDA-ARS, Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, 1224 Airport Road, Beaver, WV 25813-9423, USA,  4: Biogeochemistry, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 9 Issue 7, p1097; Subject Term: SOILS & climate; Subject Term: BLUEGRASSES (Plants); Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: FECAL incontinence; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: culm density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poa secunda; Author-Supplied Keyword: shoot biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00647.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aubouy, Miguel
AU  - Yi Jiang
AU  - Glazier, James A.
AU  - Graner, François
T1  - A texture tensor to quantify deformations.
JO  - Granular Matter
JF  - Granular Matter
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 70
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14345021
AB  - Under mechanical deformation, most materials exhibit both elastic and fluid (or plastic) responses. No existing formalism derived from microscopic principles encompasses both their fluid-like and solid-like aspects. We define the statistical texture tensor to quantify the intuitive notion of stored deformation. This tensor links microscopic and macroscopic descriptions of the material, and extends the definition of elastic strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Granular Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - Connected network
KW  - Deformation and plasticity
KW  - Elasticity of disordered media
KW  - Strain
N1  - Accession Number: 16936301; Aubouy, Miguel 1 Yi Jiang 2 Glazier, James A. 3 Graner, François 4; Email Address: graner@ujf-grenoble.fr; Affiliation:  1: SI3M, D.R.F.M.C., CEA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545, USA.  3: Indiana University, Department of Physics, Swain West 159, 727 East Third Street, Bloomington, IN 47405-7105, USA.  4: Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique, BP 87, 38402 St Martin d'Hères Cedex, France.; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 5 Issue 2, p67; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Connected network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation and plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elasticity of disordered media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10033-003-0126-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asipauskas, Marius
AU  - Aubouy, Miguel
AU  - Glazier, James A.
AU  - Graner, François
AU  - Yi Jiang
T1  - A texture tensor to quantify deformations: the example of two-dimensional flowing foams.
JO  - Granular Matter
JF  - Granular Matter
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 74
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14345021
AB  - In a continuum description of materials, the stress tensor field σ quantifies the internal forces the neighbouring regions exert on a region of the material. The classical theory of elastic solids assumes that σ determines the strain, while hydrodynamics assumes that σ determines the strain rate. To extend both successful theories to more general materials, which display both elastic and fluid properties, we recently introduced a descriptor generalizing the classical strain to include plastic deformations: the "statistical strain," based on averages of microscopic details ("A texture tensor to quantify deformations" M.Au., Y.J., J.A.G., F.G, companion paper, Granular Matter, this issue). Here, we apply such a statistical analysis to a two-dimensional foam steadily flowing through a constriction, a problem beyond reach of both traditional theories, and prove that the foam has the elastic properties of a (linear and isotropic) continuous medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Granular Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - FOAM
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Dispersed material
KW  - Foam
KW  - Shear modulus
KW  - Stress-strain relation
N1  - Accession Number: 16936300; Asipauskas, Marius 1 Aubouy, Miguel 2 Glazier, James A. 3 Graner, François 4; Email Address: graner@ujf-grenoble.fr Yi Jiang 5; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics, 316 Nieuwland, University of Notre Dame, Notre-Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA.  2: SI3M, D.R.F.M.C., CEA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9 France.  3: Indiana Univerisity, Department of Physics, Swain West 159, 727 East Third Street, Bloomington, IN 47405-7105, USA.  4: Laboratoire de Spectrom'etrie Physique, BP 87, 38402 St Martin d'Hères Cedex, France.  5: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545, USA.; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 5 Issue 2, p71; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: FOAM; Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersed material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear modulus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress-strain relation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10033-003-0127-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bish, David L.
AU  - William Carey, J.
AU  - Vaniman, David T.
AU  - Chipera, Steve J.
T1  - Stability of hydrous minerals on the martian surface
JO  - ICARUS
JF  - ICARUS
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 96
SN  - 00191035
AB  - The presence of water-bearing minerals on Mars has long been discussed, but little or no data exist showing that minerals such as smectites and zeolites may be present on the surface in a hydrated state (i.e., that they could contain H2O molecules in their interlayer or extra-framework sites, respectively). We have analyzed experimental thermodynamic and X-ray powder diffraction data for smectite and the most common terrestrial zeolite, clinoptilolite, to evaluate the state of hydration of these minerals under martian surface conditions. Thermodynamic data for clinoptilolite show that water molecules in its extra-framework sites are held very strongly, with enthalpies of dehydration for Ca-clinoptilolite up to three times greater than that for liquid water. Using these data, we calculated the Gibbs free energy of hydration of clinoptilolite and smectite as a function of temperature and pressure. The calculations demonstrate that these minerals would indeed be hydrated under the very low-<f>P</f> (H2O) conditions existing on Mars, a reflection of their high affinities for H2O. These calculations assuming the partial pressure of H2O and the temperature range expected on Mars suggest that, if present on the surface, zeolites and Ca-smectites could also play a role in affecting the diurnal variations in martian atmospheric H2O because their calculated water contents vary considerably over daily martian temperature ranges. The open crystal structure of clinoptilolite and existing hydration and kinetic data suggest that hydration/dehydration are not kinetically limited. Based on these calculations, it is possible that hydrated zeolites and clay minerals may explain some of the recent observations of significant amounts of hydrogen not attributable to water ice at martian mid-latitudes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICARUS is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Mars surface
KW  - Mineralogy
N1  - Accession Number: 10318518; Bish, David L.; Email Address: bish@lanl.gov William Carey, J. 1 Vaniman, David T. 1 Chipera, Steve J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D469, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 164 Issue 1, p96; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: MARS (Planet); Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mars surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineralogy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00140-4
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
T1  - High temperature strength of Mo–Mo3Si–Mo5SiB2 molybdenum silicides
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Ternary and quaternary intermetallic alloys consisting of the phases Mo3Si, Mo5SiB2 (“T2”) and α-Mo (Mo solid solution) were fabricated by melting and casting as well as powder-metallurgy (PM). A newly developed PM technique allowed the fabrication of microstructures with a nearly continuous α-Mo matrix. The creep strengths were determined by slow compression testing at an initial strain rate of 10−5 s−1 at temperatures ranging from 1200 to 1400 °C. Alloying with niobium improved the creep strength much more than alloying with tungsten. This result is rationalized in terms of the atomic size difference between Mo and Nb. Not only the composition but also the topology and scale of the microstructure had a pronounced influence on the creep strength. As expected, coarse microstructures with isolated α-Mo particles resulted in higher creep strengths than microstructures with a continuous α-Mo matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM alloys
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MOLYBDENUM compounds
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - A. Molybdenum silicides
KW  - B. Creep deformation
KW  - C. Powder metallurgical processing
N1  - Accession Number: 10118471; Schneibel, J.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p625; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM alloys; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM compounds; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Molybdenum silicides; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Creep deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Powder metallurgical processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0966-9795(03)00044-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, K.S.
AU  - Pang, L.
AU  - Horton, J.A.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
T1  - Structure and composition of Laves phases in binary Cr–Nb, Cr–Zr and ternary Cr–(Nb, Zr) alloys
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The Laves phase structure in three Cr-based two-phase alloys, Cr–12Nb, Cr–8Zr and Cr–2Nb–1Zr was characterized using transmission electron microscopy. Whereas in the as-cast condition, Cr2Nb exhibits the twinned C15 structure, Cr2Zr even after hot extrusion and annealing shows a heavily faulted C36 structure (or a higher order polytype such as a 6H structure). The ternary Cr2(Zr,Nb) compound exhibits the C36 structure in the as-cast condition but reverts to the C15 structure after annealing, the structural transformation being accompanied by a composition change. Solid-state precipitates of the Laves phase Cr2(Nb, Zr) in the ternary alloy that result in the matrix after annealing are always associated with dislocations. These dislocations either link to the interdendritic precipitates or link the solid-state precipitates to each other. Since the solubility of Zr is low in the matrix, we propose that pipe diffusion along these dislocations serves as the principal mechanism to redistribute the Zr from the interdendritic precipitates to the solid-state precipitates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAVES phases (Metallurgy)
KW  - CHROMIUM alloys
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - CHEMICAL systems
KW  - TERNARY alloys
KW  - A. Laves phase
KW  - B. Phase transformations
KW  - F. Electron microscopy, transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 10118477; Kumar, K.S. 1; Email Address: shanvan_kumar@brown.edu Pang, L. 1 Horton, J.A. 2 Liu, C.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p677; Subject Term: LAVES phases (Metallurgy); Subject Term: CHROMIUM alloys; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: CHEMICAL systems; Subject Term: TERNARY alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Laves phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Electron microscopy, transmission; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0966-9795(03)00065-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixon, David A.
AU  - Feller, David
AU  - Zhan, Chang-Guo
AU  - Francisco, Joseph S.
T1  - The gas and solution phase acidities of HNO, HOONO, HONO, and HONO2
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 227
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
SN  - 13873806
AB  - The acidities of HNOx (where <F>x=1</F>–3) have been calculated in the gas phase and in solution by using high level ab initio molecular orbital theory. Coupled cluster (CCSD(T)) energies, extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit, were used to determine thermodynamic properties of the species in the gas phase, and the fully polarizable continuum model (FPCM) was used to calculate the effect of solvent on the energy changes. The calculated gas phase heats of formation in kcal mol−1 at 0 K, based on extrapolations through the aug-cc-pVQZ basis set, are: ΔHf<F>(NO)=22.07</F> (calculated) vs. <F>21.46±0.04</F> (experimental); ΔHf<F>(HNO)=26.39</F> (calculated) vs. <F>26.3±1</F> (experimental); ΔHf<F>(NO2)=10.12</F> (calculated) vs. <F>8.59±0.2</F> (experimental); ΔHf<F>(HONO2)=−29.87</F> (calculated) vs. −<F>29.75±0.1</F> (experimental); ΔHf<F>(HONO)=−15.79</F> (calculated) vs. −<F>17.37±0.32</F> (experimental); ΔHf<F>(HOONO)=−0.89</F> (calculated); <F>ΔHf(NO2−)=−41.95</F> (calculated) vs. −<F>43.8±0.2</F> (experimental); <F>ΔHf(NO3−)=−70.76</F> (calculated) vs. −<F>71.7±0.30</F> (experimental); and ΔHf<F>(ONOO−)=−16.74</F> (calculated). The electron affinity of NO is calculated to be 0.62 kcal mol−1, based on extrapolations up through the aug-cc-pV5Z basis set, and falls within 0.02 kcal mol−1 of the experimental value. The corresponding heats of formation at 0 K in kcal mol−1 of the anions are: ΔHf<F>(HNO)=26.93</F> (calculated); ΔHf<F>(NO)=22.28</F> (calculated); ΔHf<F>(NO−)=21.66</F> (calculated) vs. <F>20.86±0.16</F> (experimental). The calculated gas phase acidities of HNO, HONO, HOONO, and HONO2 are found to be in excellent agreement with experiment to within 1 kcal mol−1. Solvation calculations show that the free energy change for Ka in aqueous solution for HONO2, HONO, and HNO can be calculated within ∼2, 3, and 5 kcal mol−1 of experiment, respectively. However, the agreement for HCN (with an established pKa) and HOONO is much worse and the calculated results suggest that the effect of the directly interacting solvent shells around HCN and HOONO are quite different from those around HONO2, HONO, or HNO in terms of the solution phase acidity. Contrary to the view that HNO is an acid in aqueous solution, the pKa is estimated to be between 10 and 13 for HNO consistent with the latest experimental result. This suggests that the behavior of HNO in biological systems warrants further investigation as it is not an acid as has previously been accepted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLVATION
KW  - ACIDITY function
KW  - Ab initio calculations
KW  - Gas phase acidity
KW  - Solvation effects
N1  - Accession Number: 10011020; Dixon, David A. 1; Email Address: david.dixon@pnl.gov Feller, David 1 Zhan, Chang-Guo 1 Francisco, Joseph S. 2; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IA 47907-1393, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 227 Issue 3, p421; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Subject Term: ACIDITY function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas phase acidity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvation effects; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-3806(03)00095-2
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fedorov, Dmitri G.
AU  - Koseki, Shiro
AU  - Schmidt, Michael W.
AU  - Gordon, Mark S.
T1  - Spin-orbit coupling in molecules: chemistry beyond the adiabatic approximation.
JO  - International Reviews in Physical Chemistry
JF  - International Reviews in Physical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 551
SN  - 0144235X
AB  - An extensive introduction to spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is presented, starting from a discussion of the phenomenological operators and general chemical importance of SOC to studies of chemical reactions. Quantitative SOC operators are discussed, and the symmetry properties of the SOC Hamiltonian important for understanding the general features of SOC are summarized. Comparison of the one- and two-electron contributions to SOC is given, followed by a discussion of commonly used approximations for the two-electron part. Applications of SOC to studies using effective and model core potentials have been analysed. The theoretical discussion is illustrated with numerous practical examples, including diatomic molecules (with an emphasis on hydrides) and some examples for polyatomic molecules. The fine structure of the SOC interaction (vibrational dependence) for some diatomic molecules has been elucidated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Reviews in Physical Chemistry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 10573593; Fedorov, Dmitri G. 1; Email Address: d.g.fedorov@aist.go.jp Koseki, Shiro 2 Schmidt, Michael W. 3 Gordon, Mark S. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan  2: Department of Material Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan  3: Ames Laboratory, US-DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p551; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Number of Pages: 42p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruberu, Shiyamalie R.
AU  - Yun-Gang Liu
AU  - Wong, Carolyn T.
AU  - Perera, S. Kusum
AU  - Langlois, Gregg W.
AU  - Doucette, Gregory J.
AU  - Powell, Christine L.
T1  - Receptor Binding Assay for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins: Optimization and Interlaboratory Comparison.
JO  - Journal of AOAC International
JF  - Journal of AOAC International
Y1  - 2003/07//Jul/Aug2003
VL  - 86
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 737
EP  - 745
SN  - 10603271
AB  - Describes a receptor binding assay (RBA) for detection of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins formatted for use in a high throughput detection system using microplate scintillation counting.  Confirmation of the RBA's value as a rapid, high throughput screen prior to testing by the conventional mouse bioassay.
KW  - RADIOLIGAND assay
KW  - PARALYTIC shellfish poisoning
KW  - TOXINS
N1  - Accession Number: 10879268; Ruberu, Shiyamalie R. 1; Email Address: sruberu@dhs.ca.gov Yun-Gang Liu 1 Wong, Carolyn T. 1,2 Perera, S. Kusum 1 Langlois, Gregg W. 3 Doucette, Gregory J. 4 Powell, Christine L. 4; Affiliation:  1: California Department of Health Services, Sanitation and Radiation Laboratories Branch  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Hazards Control Department, CA  3: California Department of Health Services, Environmental Management Branch  4: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/National Ocean Service, Marine Biotoxins Program, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, SC; Source Info: Jul/Aug2003, Vol. 86 Issue 4, p737; Subject Term: RADIOLIGAND assay; Subject Term: PARALYTIC shellfish poisoning; Subject Term: TOXINS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guohui Lin
AU  - Dong Xu
AU  - Zhi-Zhong Chen
AU  - Tao Jiang
AU  - Jianjun Wen
AU  - Ying Xu
T1  - COMPUTATIONAL ASSIGNMENT OF PROTEIN BACKBONE NMR PEAKS BY EFFICIENT BOUNDING AND FILTERING.
JO  - Journal of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology
JF  - Journal of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02197200
AB  - Presents a computational method based on the combination of a suite of algorithms for automating the assignment process, particularly the process of backbone resonance peak assignment.  Formulation of the assignment problem as a constrained weighted bipartite matching problem; Solution presented based on a branch-and-bound algorithm with effective bounding techniques using approximation algorithms.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - STATISTICAL matching
N1  - Accession Number: 10762201; Guohui Lin 1; Email Address: ghlin@cs.ualberta.ca Dong Xu 2; Email Address: xud@ornl.gov Zhi-Zhong Chen 3; Email Address: chen@r.dendai.ac.jp Tao Jiang 4; Email Address: jiang@cs.ucr.edu Jianjun Wen 5; Email Address: wjianju@cs.ucr.edu Ying Xu; Email Address: xyn@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Canada  2: Protein Informatics Group, Life Sciences, Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  3: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Tokyo Denki University, Japan  4: Department of Computer Science, University of California, USA  5: Protein Informatics Group, Life Sciences Division and Computer Sciences and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 1 Issue 2, p387; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: STATISTICAL matching; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chirico, R.D.
AU  - Knipmeyer, S.E.
AU  - Steele, W.V.
T1  - Heat capacities, enthalpy increments, and derived thermodynamic functions for pyrazine between the temperatures 5 K and 380 K
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1059
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Heat capacities and enthalpy increments between the temperatures <f>T&ap;5 K</f> and <f>T&ap;380 K</f> were measured with adiabatic calorimetry for pyrazine. The triple-point temperature, enthalpy of fusion, heat capacities, and derived thermodynamic functions are reported for the solid and liquid phases. Three solid-to-solid phase transitions were observed, and the transition temperatures and enthalpies are reported. All results are compared with literature values. The adiabatic calorimetric results reported here provide key quantities required for thermodynamic consistency analyses, which can provide needed validations for calculational techniques (ab initio, semi-empirical, statistical, group contribution, etc.). Such validations are currently lacking for polyazines, such as pyrazine. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYRIDAZINES
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - Enthalpy of fusion
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Phase transition
KW  - Pyrazine
KW  - Standard entropy
KW  - Triple-point temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 9948873; Chirico, R.D. 1; Email Address: chirico@boulder.nist.gov Knipmeyer, S.E. 2 Steele, W.V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC), Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA  2: Bartlesville Thermodynamics Group, BDM-Oklahoma Inc., National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research, P.O. Box 2565, Bartlesville, OK 74005-2565, USA  3: Physical Properties Research Facility, Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2007, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p1059; Subject Term: PYRIDAZINES; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy of fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrazine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standard entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triple-point temperature; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9614(03)00041-7
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Graydon K.
T1  - Enthalpy of dissociation and hydration number of carbon dioxide hydrate from the Clapeyron equation
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1171
SN  - 00219614
AB  - The enthalpies of the reactions in which carbon dioxide hydrate is dissociated to carbon dioxide vapor and either water or ice are determined by an analysis with the Clapeyron equation. The most important feature of the new analysis is the direct use of the Clapeyron equation rather than the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The analysis takes into account the finite volumes of the condensed phases, the nonideality of the vapor phase, and the solubility of carbon dioxide in water. New data for the solubility in the vicinity of the (water + hydrate + vapor) coexistence curve are employed. The enthalpy change of the reaction CO2 <f>·</f> nH2O(s)=CO2(g)+nH2O(l) is found to vary from (63.6 ± 1.8) kJ <f>·</f> mol−1 to (57.7 ± 1.8) kJ <f>·</f> mol−1 between quadruple points Q1 and Q2, and the hydration number varies from (6.6 ± 0.3) to (5.6 ± 0.3) over the same range. The results are compared to values reported in the literature that were determined by various techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - Carbon dioxide hydrate
KW  - Enthalpy of dissociation
KW  - Hydration number
N1  - Accession Number: 9948883; Anderson, Graydon K. 1; Email Address: graydon@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J-567, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p1171; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide hydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy of dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration number; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9614(03)00093-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9948883&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucharik, Milan
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail
AU  - Wendroff, Burton
T1  - An efficient linearity-and-bound-preserving remapping method
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 188
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 462
SN  - 00219991
AB  - In this paper we describe an efficient, local-bound-preserving conservative interpolation (remapping) algorithm, which is exact for a global linear function (linearity-preserving). The algorithm is based on reconstruction, approximate integration and mass re-distribution. We demonstrate our new algorithm on a series of numerical examples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALE methods
KW  - Conservative interpolation
KW  - Remapping
N1  - Accession Number: 9905382; Kucharik, Milan 1; Email Address: kucharik@karkulka.fjfi.cvut.cz Shashkov, Mikhail 2; Email Address: shashkov@lanl.gov Wendroff, Burton 2; Email Address: bbw@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic  2: Theoretical Division, T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 188 Issue 2, p462; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ALE methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservative interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remapping; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00187-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9905382&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chacón, L.
AU  - Knoll, D.A.
T1  - A 2D high-<f>β</f> Hall MHD implicit nonlinear solver
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 188
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A nonlinear, fully implicit solver for a 2D high-<f>β</f> (incompressible) Hall magnetohydrodynamics (HMHD) model is proposed. The task in non-trivial because HMHD supports the whistler wave. This wave is dispersive (<f>ω∼k2</f>) and therefore results in diffusion-like numerical stability limits for explicit time integration methods. For HMHD, implicit approaches using time steps above the explicit numerical stability limits result in diagonally submissive Jacobian systems. Such systems are difficult to invert with iterative techniques. In this study, Jacobian-free Newton–Krylov iterative methods are employed for a fully implicit, nonlinear integration, and a semi-implicit (SI) preconditioner strategy, developed on the basis of a Schur complement analysis, is proposed. The SI preconditioner transforms the coupled hyperbolic whistler system into a fourth-order, parabolic, diagonally dominant PDE, amenable to iterative techniques. Efficiency and accuracy results are presented demonstrating that an efficient fully implicit implementation (i.e., faster than explicit methods) is indeed possible without sacrificing numerical accuracy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - IMPLICIT functions
KW  - Hall MHD
KW  - Implicit differencing
KW  - Jacobian-free
KW  - Newton–Krylov
KW  - Nonlinear PDE
KW  - Schur complement
N1  - Accession Number: 9905387; Chacón, L.; Email Address: chacon@lanl.gov Knoll, D.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: T-15 Theoretical Plasma Physics, MS K717, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 188 Issue 2, p573; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: IMPLICIT functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hall MHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implicit differencing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jacobian-free; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton–Krylov; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear PDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schur complement; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00193-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9905387&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, Mark
AU  - Brezina, Marian
AU  - Hu, Jonathan
AU  - Tuminaro, Ray
T1  - Parallel multigrid smoothing: polynomial versus Gauss–Seidel
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 188
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Gauss–Seidel is often the smoother of choice within multigrid applications. In the context of unstructured meshes, however, maintaining good parallel efficiency is difficult with multiplicative iterative methods such as Gauss–Seidel. This leads us to consider alternative smoothers. We discuss the computational advantages of polynomial smoothers within parallel multigrid algorithms for positive definite symmetric systems. Two particular polynomials are considered: Chebyshev and a multilevel specific polynomial. The advantages of polynomial smoothing over traditional smoothers such as Gauss–Seidel are illustrated on several applications: Poisson’s equation, thin-body elasticity, and eddy current approximations to Maxwell’s equations. While parallelizing the Gauss–Seidel method typically involves a compromise between a scalable convergence rate and maintaining high flop rates, polynomial smoothers achieve parallel scalable multigrid convergence rates without sacrificing flop rates. We show that, although parallel computers are the main motivation, polynomial smoothers are often surprisingly competitive with Gauss–Seidel smoothers on serial machines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - Gauss–Seidel
KW  - Multigrid
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Polynomial iteration
KW  - Smoothers
N1  - Accession Number: 9905388; Adams, Mark 1; Email Address: mfadams@ca.sandia.gov Brezina, Marian 2; Email Address: brezina@newton.colorado.edu Hu, Jonathan 1; Email Address: jhu@sandia.gov Tuminaro, Ray 1; Email Address: rstumin@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computational Mathematics and Algorithms, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9217, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 526, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 188 Issue 2, p593; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gauss–Seidel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polynomial iteration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Smoothers; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00194-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9905388&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Averbuch, Amir
AU  - Israeli, Moshe
AU  - Nathan, Menachem
AU  - Ravve, Igor
T1  - Surface evolution in bare bamboo-type metal lines under diffusion and electric field effects
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 188
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 640
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Irregularities such as voids and cracks often occur in bamboo-type metal lines of microelectronic interconnects. They increase the resistance of the circuits, and may even lead to a fatal failure. In this work, we analyze numerically the electromigration of an unpassivated bamboo-type line with pre-existing irregularities in its top surface (also called a grain–void interface). The bamboo line is subjected to surface diffusion forces and external electric fields. Under these forces, initial defects may either heal or become worse. The grain–void interface is considered to be one-dimensional, and the physical formulation of an electromigration and diffusion model results in two coupled, fourth order, one-dimensional time-dependent PDEs, with the boundary conditions imposed at the electrode points and at the triple point, which belongs to two neighboring grains and the void. These equations are discretized by finite differences on a regular grid in space, and by a Runge–Kutta integration scheme in time, and solved simultaneously with a static Laplace equation describing the voltage distribution throughout each grain, when the substrate conductivity is neglected. Since the voltage distribution is required only along an interface line, the two-dimensional discretization of the grain interior is not needed, and the static problem is solved by the boundary element method at each time step. The motion of the interface line is studied for different ratios between diffusion and electric field forces, and for different initial configurations of the grain–void interface. We study plain and tilted contour lines, considering positive and negative tilts with respect to the external electric field, a stepped contour with field lines entering or exiting the ‘step’, and a number of modifications of the classical Mullins problem of thermal grooving. We also consider a two-grain Mullins problem with a normal and tilted boundary between the grains, examining positive and negative tilts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODIFFUSION
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 9905390; Averbuch, Amir 1; Email Address: amir@math.tau.ac.il Israeli, Moshe 2 Nathan, Menachem 3 Ravve, Igor 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel  2: Faculty of Computer Science Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel  3: Department of Electrical Engineering-Physical Electronics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel  4: Computing Science Department, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, University of California, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 188 Issue 2, p640; Subject Term: ELECTRODIFFUSION; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 38p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00199-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9905390&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lenczewski, M.
AU  - Jardine, P.
AU  - McKay, L.
AU  - Layton, A.
T1  - Natural attenuation of trichloroethylene in fractured shale bedrock
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 64
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This paper describes one of the first well-documented field examples of natural attenuation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in groundwater in a fractured shale bedrock. The study was carried out adjacent to a former waste burial site in Waste Area Grouping 5 (WAG5) on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN. A contaminant plume containing TCE and its daughter products were detected downgradient from the buried waste pits, with most of the contamination occurring in the upper 6 m of the bedrock. The monitoring well array consists of a 35-m-long transect of multilevel sampling wells, situated along a line between the waste pits and a seep which discharges into a small stream. Concentrations of volatile organic carbons (VOCs) were highest in the waste trenches and decreased with distance downgradient towards the seep. Sampling wells indicated the presence of overlapping plumes of TCE, cis-dichloroethylene (cDCE), vinyl chloride (VC), ethylene, ethane, and methane, with the daughter products extending further downgradient than the parent (TCE). This type of distribution suggests anaerobic biodegradation. Measurements of redox potential at the site indicated that iron-reduction, sulfate reduction, and potentially methanogensis were occurring and are conducive to dechlorination of TCE. Bacteria enrichment of groundwater samples revealed the presence of methanotrophs, methanogens, iron-reducing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria, all of which have previously been implicated in anaerobic biodegradation of TCE. 16S rDNA sequence from DNA extracted from two wells were similar to sequences of organisms previously implicated in the anaerobic biodegradation of chlorinated solvents. The combined data strongly suggest that anaerobic biodegradation of the highly chlorinated compounds is occurring. Aerobic biodegradation may also be occurring in oxygenated zones, including near a seep where groundwater exits the site, or in the upper bedrock during seasonal fluctuations in water table elevation and oxygen levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Fractured shale bedrock
KW  - Natural attenuation
N1  - Accession Number: 10008769; Lenczewski, M. 1; Email Address: melissa@geol.niu.edu; Jardine, P. 2; Email Address: ipj@ornl.gov; McKay, L. 1; Email Address: lmckay@utk.edu; Layton, A. 3; Email Address: alayton@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 3: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 64 Issue 3/4, p151; Thesaurus Term: Trichloroethylene; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured shale bedrock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural attenuation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00090-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=10008769&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhan, Chang-Guo
AU  - Dixon, David A.
AU  - Matsuzawa, Nobuyuki N.
AU  - Ishitani, Akihiko
AU  - Uda, Tsuyoshi
T1  - Time-dependent density functional theory calculations of the photoabsorption of fluorinated alkanes
JO  - Journal of Fluorine Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Fluorine Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 122
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
SN  - 00221139
KW  - Density functional theory
KW  - Fluorinated alkanes
KW  - Photoabsorption spectra
KW  - Rydberg transitions
N1  - Accession Number: 10178476; Zhan, Chang-Guo 1 Dixon, David A. 1; Email Address: david.dixon@pnl.gov Matsuzawa, Nobuyuki N. 2 Ishitani, Akihiko 2 Uda, Tsuyoshi 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN: K1-83, P.O. Box 999, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Atsugi Research Center, Association of Super-advanced Electronics Technologies (ASET), c/o NTT Atsugi Research and Development Center, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi 243-0198, Japan  3: Joint Research Center for Atom Technology (JRCAT), Angstrom Technology Partnership, c/o National Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, 1-1-4 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-0046, Japan; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 122 Issue 1, p27; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorinated alkanes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoabsorption spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rydberg transitions; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-1139(03)00077-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10178476&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Groves, Jay T.
AU  - Dustin, Michael L.
T1  - Supported planar bilayers in studies on immune cell adhesion and communication
JO  - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 278
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 00221759
AB  - Supported planar bilayers have been used extensively in immunology to study molecular interactions at interfaces as a model for cell–cell interaction. Examples include Fc receptor-mediated adhesion and signaling and formation of the immunological synapse between T cells and antigen-presenting cells. The advantage of the supported planar bilayer system is control of the bilayer composition and the optical advantages of imaging the cell–bilayer or bilayer–bilayer interface by various types of trans-, epi- and total internal reflection illumination. Supported planar bilayers are simple to form by liposome fusion and recent advances in micro- and nanotechnology greatly extend the power of supported bilayers to address key questions in immunology and cell biology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Immunological Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL adhesion
KW  - CELL interaction (Biology)
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - T cells
KW  - Bilayer technology
KW  - Immune cell adhesion
KW  - Nanotechnology
KW  - Supported planar bilayers
N1  - Accession Number: 10695726; Groves, Jay T. 1; Email Address: jtgroves@lbl.gov Dustin, Michael L. 2; Email Address: dustin@saturn.med.nyu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Pathology and the Program in Molecular Pathogenesis, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 278 Issue 1/2, p19; Subject Term: CELL adhesion; Subject Term: CELL interaction (Biology); Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: T cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bilayer technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immune cell adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanotechnology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supported planar bilayers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-1759(03)00193-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10695726&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karbowiak, Miroslaw
AU  - Edelstein, Norman M.
AU  - Drożdżyński, Janusz
T1  - Energy transfer and upconversion of Nd3+ doped RbY2Cl7
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 104
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00222313
AB  - Single crystals of Nd3+:RbY2Cl7 were grown by the Bridgman–Stockbarger method. The host crystal contains two slightly inequivalent Y3+ ions, each with an approximate C2v site symmetry. Anti-Stokes emission from the 4G7/2 and 4D3/2 levels was observed after laser excitation of the 4F3/2 and 4F9/2 multiplets. Laser excitation at 413 cm−1 or 453 cm−1 above the 4F3/2 multiplet resulted in emission from the 2P1/2 level. Laser site-selective upconverted emission spectra have been measured, as well as their emission transients and power dependence. Possible excited state absorption and energy-transfer upconversion (ETU) mechanisms are proposed and discussed. Due to the smaller crystal field and a somewhat different energy level structure for the Nd3+ ions in RbY2Cl7 as compared with those observed for Nd3+ in fluoride or oxide hosts, the 4G7/2 and 4D3/2 multiplets are populated under 4F3/2 excitation in a three and four step ETU process, respectively, instead of in a two and three step process as observed for the lighter hosts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Energy transfer
KW  - Excited state absorption
KW  - Laser selective excitation and emission
KW  - RbY2Cl7:Nd3+
KW  - Upconversion
N1  - Accession Number: 9712481; Karbowiak, Miroslaw 1,2 Edelstein, Norman M. 2 Drożdżyński, Janusz 1; Email Address: jd@wchuwr.chem.uni.wroc.pl; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 70A-1150, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 104 Issue 3, p197; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excited state absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser selective excitation and emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: RbY2Cl7:Nd3+; Author-Supplied Keyword: Upconversion; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2313(03)00016-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9712481&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Jian Zhi
AU  - Wind, Robert A.
T1  - Sensitivity-enhanced phase-corrected ultra-slow magic angle turning using multiple-echo data acquisition
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 163
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 10907807
AB  - The increase in the sensitivity of the phase-corrected magic angle turning (PHORMAT) experiment at ultra-slow spinning rates by means of multiple-echo data acquisition (ME-PHORMAT) is evaluated. This is achieved by replacing the acquisition dimension in the original experiment with a train of equally spaced π-pulses. It is shown that the echoes following the odd and even π-pulses in the CPMG train must be processed differently in order to avoid spectral distortions. The method is illustrated for <f>13C</f> CP-ME-PHORMAT on solid 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene and for <f>1H</f> ME-PHORMAT on excised rat liver tissue, both at a sample-spinning rate of 1.3 Hz. Sensitivity enhancements of a factor 4 for the solid and 2.3 for the liver were obtained. Finally, it is shown that with ME-PHORMAT one of the two RF pulse sequences, in standard PHORMAT used to obtain a pure absorption mode 2D spectrum, can be eliminated, thus reducing the usually long measuring time by a factor 2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSYCHICS
KW  - CLAIRVOYANTS
KW  - Magic angle spinning
KW  - Magic angle turning
KW  - PHORMAT
KW  - Sensitivity enhancement
KW  - Ultra-slow spinning
N1  - Accession Number: 10159190; Hu, Jian Zhi 1 Wind, Robert A.; Email Address: robert.wind@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 163 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: PSYCHICS; Subject Term: CLAIRVOYANTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magic angle spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magic angle turning; Author-Supplied Keyword: PHORMAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity enhancement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultra-slow spinning; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00103-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beleggia, M.
AU  - De Graef, M.
T1  - On the computation of the demagnetization tensor field for an arbitrary particle shape using a Fourier space approach
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 263
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L1
SN  - 03048853
AB  - A method is presented to compute the demagnetization tensor field for uniformly magnetized particles of arbitrary shape. By means of a Fourier space approach it is possible to compute analytically the Fourier representation of the demagnetization tensor field for a given shape. Then, specifying the direction of the uniform magnetization, the demagnetizing field and the magnetostatic energy associated with the particle can be evaluated. In some particular cases, the real space representation is computable analytically. In general, a numerical inverse fast Fourier transform is required to perform the inversion. As an example, the demagnetization tensor field for the tetrahedron will be given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Demagnetization energy
KW  - Demagnetization tensor field
KW  - Magnetometric demagnetization tensor
KW  - Shape amplitude
KW  - Tetrahedron
N1  - Accession Number: 10009806; Beleggia, M. 1 De Graef, M. 2; Email Address: degraef@cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 263 Issue 1/2, pL1; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Demagnetization energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Demagnetization tensor field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetometric demagnetization tensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape amplitude; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetrahedron; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00238-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rothenberger, Kurt S.
AU  - Howard, Bret H.
AU  - Killmeyer, Richard P.
AU  - Cugini, Anthony V.
AU  - Enick, Robert M.
AU  - Bustamante, Felipe
AU  - Ciocco, Michael V.
AU  - Morreale, Bryan D.
AU  - Buxbaum, Robert E.
T1  - Evaluation of tantalum-based materials for hydrogen separation at elevated temperatures and pressures
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 218
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 03767388
AB  - The hydrogen permeability of bulk tantalum and tantalum coated with thin films of palladium was measured at temperatures from 623 to 1173 K and hydrogen partial pressures from 0.1 to 2.6 MPa in a flowing gas system. Palladium coatings were deposited by both electroless plating (1–2 μm thick Pd layer) and cold plasma-discharge sputtering with two different thicknesses, 0.04 or 1.2 μm. All samples studied showed declining permeability values with surface fouling over time. The highest absolute values of permeability were observed at the lowest temperatures of study (623–773 K). However, permeability data taken at 1173 K tended to be more consistent with less scatter. The overall trend exhibited declining permeability values as a function of temperature. As confirmed by surface analysis, the palladium coating was lost from the coated tantalum samples. In one test, a 1.2 μm sputter-coated palladium film was observed peeling off the tantalum surface after 49 h at 773 K. The tantalum surface of all tested samples exhibited oxidation, distortion and cracking. Tantalum hydride formation was observed at 623 K on a palladium sputter-coated sample. Surface fouling limited the hydrogen permeability of all samples studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - THIN films
KW  - High-temperature
KW  - Hydrogen permeability
KW  - Palladium-coated tantalum
KW  - Tantalum
N1  - Accession Number: 10118608; Rothenberger, Kurt S. 1; Email Address: kurt.rothenberger@netl.doe.gov Howard, Bret H. 1 Killmeyer, Richard P. 1 Cugini, Anthony V. 1 Enick, Robert M. 2 Bustamante, Felipe 2 Ciocco, Michael V. 3 Morreale, Bryan D. 2,3 Buxbaum, Robert E. 4; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), US Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  2: NETL Research Associate, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA  3: NETL Support Contractor, Parsons, Inc., P.O. Box 618, South Park, PA 15129, USA  4: REB Research and Consulting, Oak Park, MI 48237, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 218 Issue 1/2, p19; Subject Term: TANTALUM; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium-coated tantalum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tantalum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0376-7388(03)00134-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raison, P.E.
AU  - Haire, R.G.
T1  - Structural investigation of the pseudo-ternary system AmO2–Cm2O3–ZrO2 as potential materials for transmutation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 320
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The present work describes our investigations of the AmO2–Cm2O3–ZrO2 system. Selected compositions were prepared using an aqueous route and keeping the Cm/Am ratio constant at 20%. Depending of the compositions, two cubic systems were observed, fluorite- or pyrochlore-type. In the compounds synthesized, curium is present as a trivalent ion but americium may be either in an oxidation state of (IV) or (III), depending of the content of zirconia. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMERICIUM
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10060947; Raison, P.E. 1; Email Address: philippe.raison@cea.fr Haire, R.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, CEA-Cadarache DEN/DEC/SPUA/LMPC 13108, France  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 320 Issue 1/2, p31; Subject Term: AMERICIUM; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00165-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conant, Gavin C.
AU  - Plimpton, Steven J.
AU  - Old, William
AU  - Wagner, Andreas
AU  - Fain, Pamela R.
AU  - Pacheco, Theresa R.
AU  - Heffelfinger, Grant
T1  - Parallel Genehunter: implementation of a linkage analysis package for distributed-memory architectures
JO  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
JF  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 63
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 674
SN  - 07437315
AB  - We present a parallel algorithm for performing multipoint linkage analysis of genetic marker data on large family pedigrees. The algorithm effectively distributes both the computation and memory requirements of the analysis. We discuss an implementation of the algorithm in the Genehunter linkage analysis package (version 2.1), enabling Genehunter to run on distributed-memory platforms for the first time. Our preliminary benchmarks indicate reasonable scalability of the algorithm even for fixed-size problems, with parallel efficiencies of 75% or more on up to 128 processors. In addition, we have extended the hard-coded limit of 16 non-founding individuals in Genehunter 2.1 to a new limit of 32 non-founding individuals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINKAGE (Genetics)
KW  - GENETIC markers
KW  - GENEALOGY
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 10861444; Conant, Gavin C. 1; Email Address: gconant@unm.edu Plimpton, Steven J. 2 Old, William 3 Wagner, Andreas 1 Fain, Pamela R. 4 Pacheco, Theresa R. 4 Heffelfinger, Grant 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, 167 Castetter Hall, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-1091, USA  2: Computation, Computers, and Mathematics Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA  3: Agilent Laboratories, Fort Collins, CO, USA  4: Health Sciences Center, The University of Colorado, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 63 Issue 7/8, p674; Subject Term: LINKAGE (Genetics); Subject Term: GENETIC markers; Subject Term: GENEALOGY; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812990 All Other Personal Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0743-7315(03)00080-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar
AU  - P.
AU  - Mehta
AU  - A.
AU  - Dadmun
AU  - M. D.
AU  - Zheng
AU  - J.
AU  - Peyser
AU  - L.
AU  - Bartko
AU  - A. P.
AU  - Dickson
AU  - R. M.
AU  - Thundat
AU  - T.
AU  - Sumpter
AU  - B. G.
AU  - Noid
AU  - D. W.
T1  - Narrow-Bandwidth Spontaneous Luminescence from Oriented Semiconducting Polymer Nanostructures.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 107
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 6252
SN  - 15206106
AB  - High-resolution fluorescence imaging of isolated nanoparticles of a common semiconducting polymer (poly[2-methoxy-5-(2‘-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene, MEH-PPV), produced by ink-jet printing techniques, has revealed highly uniform transition moment orientation perpendicular to the glass substrate. In contrast with the broad emission spectra associated with bulk or single molecules of these species in thin films, we observe narrow photoluminescence emission spectra (10-15 nm fwhm) from individual oriented polymer nanostructures with no evidence of spectral diffusion on time scales of several hundred seconds. The distribution of center frequencies (from several hundred individual nanoparticle measurements) shows clearly defined peaks that can be correlated with excitonic traps of integer multiples of monomer conjugation lengths (8, 9, 10, and 11). The observation of discrete emission characteristics in this important class of materials suggests exciting possibilities in photonics and molecular optoelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - IMAGING systems
N1  - Accession Number: 10658417; Kumar P. 1 Mehta A. 1 Dadmun M. D. 1 Zheng J. 1 Peyser L. 1 Bartko A. P. 1 Dickson R. M. 1 Thundat T. 1 Sumpter B. G. 1 Noid D. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37830, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142, Computer Sciences and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142, and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 26, p6252; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Kim
AU  - J.-Y.
AU  - Hanson
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Sawhill
AU  - S. J.
AU  - Bussell
AU  - M. E.
T1  - Physical and Chemical Properties of MoP, Ni2P, and MoNiP Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts:  Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction, Density Functional, and Hydrodesulfurization Activity Studies.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 107
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 6276
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Synchrotron-based time-resolved X-ray diffraction was used to study in situ the crystalline phases present during the preparation of bulk and silica-supported MoP, Ni2P, and MoNiP by reduction of oxidic precursors in hydrogen. Independent of the type of oxidic precursor used or the presence of silica as a support, the formation of the metal phosphides occurs at temperatures between 600 and 800 °C. Since the common species in all the cases are phosphate-type groups (POx), it seems that their reduction by hydrogen is the final and determining step in the formation of MoP, Ni2P, and MoNiP. Silica-stabilized phosphide phases were detected during the synthesis of Ni2P/SiO2 and MoP/SiO2 catalysts. In the case of Ni2P/SiO2, before the appearance of the final phosphide, strong diffraction lines are observed for Ni12P5. First-principles density functional calculations for bulk MoP, Ni2P, and MoNiP indicate that the Ni-P and Mo-P bonds in these compounds have a small degree of ionic character. For MoP, Ni2P, and MoS2 a correlation is found between the electronic properties of the metal cations and their hydrodesulfurization activities when supported on silica. Surprisingly, a MoNiP/SiO2 catalyst is much less active than either MoP/SiO2 or Ni2P/SiO2 catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 10658420; Rodriguez J. A. 1 Kim J.-Y. 1 Hanson J. C. 1 Sawhill S. J. 1 Bussell M. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11953; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 26, p6276; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeom
AU  - Y. H.
AU  - Frei
AU  - H.
T1  - Step-Scan FT-IR Monitoring of Transient HCO Radicals in a Room Temperature Zeolite.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 107
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 6286
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Formyl radical has been detected in zeolite NaY at room temperature by step-scan FT-infrared spectroscopy upon photodissociation of glycolaldehyde or acetaldehyde precursor. Identification was made by the C=O stretch absorption at 1847 cm-1 and a 13C isotope shift of 40 cm-1. The decay shows biphasic kinetics independent of the precursor used. In the case of glycolaldehyde, the final products recorded by static FT-IR spectroscopy can be explained by the exclusive reaction of HCO and CH2OH radicals. This allowed us to assign the initial decay with a lifetime of 24 ± 3 μs to geminate reactive encounters of HCO and CH2OH radicals. The subsequent long tail extending to 500 μs is well described by a second-order rate law consistent with nongeminate reaction of the radicals. This is the first direct kinetic observation of geminate and nongeminate radical reactions in a zeolite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 10658421; Yeom Y. H. 1 Frei H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Mailstop Calvin Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 26, p6286; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amitay-Sadovsky
AU  - E.
AU  - Komvopoulos
AU  - K.
AU  - Ward
AU  - R.
AU  - Somorjai
AU  - G. A.
T1  - Surface Reordering of Stretched Polyurethane Block Copolymer Films Studied by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 107
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 6377
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A molecular-level study of polymer surface behavior during elongation was performed for relatively short (710-1450 g/mol) soft and hard polyurethane (PUR) block copolymers. Two copolymers differing only in the length of the hard segment were investigated. Surface-specific sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was used to observe the backbone methylene group orientation as PUR films were stretched to elongations up to 100-150% of the original length. The soft and hard copolymer segments are distinguishable by SFG, enabling the analysis of changes in surface composition and molecular orientation caused by elongation. The difference between the surface compositions of the two copolymers is distinguishable by SFG. However, both as-cast PUR copolymer films are enriched with the lower surface tension soft segments. The hard segment length controls the surface composition. With elongation, the intensity of the methylene symmetric stretch increases relative to that of the antisymmetric stretch, suggesting an increase in the upward orientation of the backbone methylene groups. Under fixed elongation, the symmetric to antisymmetric stretch intensity ratio of methylene decreases, and the ether methylene symmetric stretch intensities decrease below their original value, indicating a permanent change in the surface composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 10658432; Amitay-Sadovsky E. 1 Komvopoulos K. 1 Ward R. 1 Somorjai G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Polymer Technology Group, Inc., Berkeley, California 94710; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 26, p6377; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: THIN films; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ponsard, B.
AU  - Hiltunen, J.
AU  - Penttilla, P.
AU  - Vera Ruiz, H.
AU  - Beets, A. L.
AU  - Mirzadeh, S.
AU  - Knapp, Jr., F. F. (Russ)
T1  - The tungsten-188/rhenium-188 generator: Effective coordination of tungsten-188 production between the HFIR and BR2 reactors.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 257
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 174
SN  - 02365731
AB  - The rapidly increasing therapeutic applications of 188Re in nuclear medicine, oncology and interventional cardiology require routine production of large, multi-Curie levels of the 188W parent. The capability and effective coordination of back-up production sites is important to insure that high level 188W/188Re generators are continually available. We have coordinated 188W production at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR - Oak Ridge, US) with production at the BR2 Reactor (Mol, Belgium) characterized by peak thermal neutron fluxes of 2.51·015 (HFIR) and 1·1015 (BR2) neutrons/cm2·sec, respectively. The long 69-day physical half-life permits receipt of 188W from BR2 within 0.25 T1/2's, even after the 12-day post irradiation cooling required for 187W decay (T1/2 = 24 hours). Since 188W production by double neutron capture of enriched 186W is a function of the square of the thermal neutron flux, HFIR production (4-5 Ci 188W/g 186W/cycle) is higher than at the BR2 (1.0-1.1 Ci/g 186W/cycle). However, the specific activity (SA) of BR2-produced 188W is still about 0.8-0.9 Ci/g after processing at ORNL following shipment from Belgium. This SA is sufficiently high to permit fabrication of 1 Ci generators suitable for clinical use, since simple post elution concentration of the saline bolus (30-50 ml) obtained from the generator can provide samples with high specific volume (1 ml volume). The time periods from reactor “push' in Mol and completion of processing, fabrication and shipment of generators from Oak Ridge have been 19-21 days. Six “campaigns' have been successfully completed since 1998, with processed levels of 188W in Oak Ridge from 8-26 Curies/campaign. 188W has been provided to MAP Medical technologies Oy (Tikkakoski, Finland) for fabrication and distribution of generators for use at IAEA-supported research projects in developing countries. We have thus established and demonstrated an effective collaboration between the Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie-Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire (SCK·CEN) and ORNL for back-up production of 188W. This collaboration continues to be especially helpful during periods when interruption of HFIR operation is necessary for maintenance and upgrades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR medicine
KW  - TUNGSTEN isotopes
KW  - RHENIUM isotopes
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 15194528; Ponsard, B. 1 Hiltunen, J. 2 Penttilla, P. 2 Vera Ruiz, H. 3 Beets, A. L. 4 Mirzadeh, S. 4 Knapp, Jr., F. F. (Russ) 4; Affiliation:  1: BR2 Reactor (SCK.CEN) Mol, Belgium  2: MAP Medical Tikakoski, Finland  3: Industrial Applications and Chemistry Section, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Vienna, Austria  4: Nuclear Medicine Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 257 Issue 1, p169; Subject Term: NUCLEAR medicine; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN isotopes; Subject Term: RHENIUM isotopes; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chinkin, Lyle R.
AU  - Coe, Dana L.
AU  - Funk, Tami H.
AU  - Hafner, Hilary R.
AU  - Roberts, Paul T.
AU  - Ryan, Patrick A.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Weekday versus Weekend Activity Patterns for Ozone Precursor Emissions in California's South Coast Air Basin.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Evaluates the weekday versus weekend activity patterns for Ozone precursor emissions in California's South Coast Air Basin. Causes of weekend ozone effects; Differences between weekday and weekend emission activity patterns; Experimental observation of the above-mentioned analysis.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - California, Southern
N1  - Accession Number: 12528370; Chinkin, Lyle R. 1; Coe, Dana L. 1; Funk, Tami H. 1; Hafner, Hilary R. 1; Roberts, Paul T. 1; Ryan, Patrick A. 1; Lawson, Douglas R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, California; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject: California, Southern; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujita, Eric M.
AU  - Stockwell, William R.
AU  - Campbell, David E.
AU  - Keislar, Robert E.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Evolution of the Magnitude and Spatial Extent of the Weekend Ozone Effect in California's South Coast Air Basin, 1981-2000.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Presents the evolution of the magnitude and spatial extent of the weekend ozone in California's South Coast Air Basin. Weekend differences in the duration of ozone accumulation; Observation pertaining to ozone precursor emissions of nitric oxides; Assessment towards the effects of current and future ozone regulation.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Air bases
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12528368; Fujita, Eric M. 1; Stockwell, William R. 1; Campbell, David E. 1; Keislar, Robert E. 1; Lawson, Douglas R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Subject Term: Air bases; Subject: California; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911110 Defence services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujita, Eric M.
AU  - Campbell, David E.
AU  - Zielinska, Barbara
AU  - Sagebiel, John C.
AU  - Bowen, John L.
AU  - Goliff, Wendy S.
AU  - Stockwell, William R.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Diurnal and Weekday Variations in the Source Contributions of Ozone Precursors in California's South Coast Air Basin.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Studies the diurnal and weekday variations in the source contributions of Ozone precursors in California's South Coast Air Basin. Relationship between emission sources and ambient nonmethane diurnal; Weekend variations in the concentration and proportions of the precursor pollutants; Implications of the experimental analysis.
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Atmospheric pressure -- Diurnal variations
KW  - California, Southern
N1  - Accession Number: 12528371; Fujita, Eric M. 1; Campbell, David E. 1; Zielinska, Barbara 1; Sagebiel, John C. 1; Bowen, John L. 1; Goliff, Wendy S. 1; Stockwell, William R. 1; Lawson, Douglas R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p1; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen oxides; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject Term: Atmospheric pressure -- Diurnal variations; Subject: California, Southern; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murrell, J.
AU  - Despeyroux, D.
AU  - Lammert, S. A.
AU  - Stephenson Jr., J. L.
AU  - Goeringer, D. E.
T1  - “Fast excitation” cid in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 14
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 785
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Collision-induced dissociation (CID) in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer is usually performed by applying a small amplitude excitation voltage at the same secular frequency as the ion of interest. Here we disclose studies examining the use of large amplitude voltage excitations (applied for short periods of time) to cause fragmentation of the ions of interest. This process has been examined using leucine enkephalin as the model compound and the motion of the ions within the ion trap simulated using ITSIM. The resulting fragmentation information obtained is identical with that observed by conventional resonance excitation CID. “Fast excitation” CID deposits (as determined by the intensity ratio of the a4/b4 ion of leucine enkephalin) approximately the same amount of internal energy into an ion as conventional resonance excitation CID where the excitation signal is applied for much longer periods of time. The major difference between the two excitation techniques is the higher rate of excitation (gain in kinetic energy) between successive collisions with helium atoms with “fast excitation” CID as opposed to the conventional resonance excitation CID. With conventional resonance excitation CID ions fragment while the excitation voltage is still being applied whereas for “fast excitation” CID a higher proportion of the ions fragment in the ion cooling time following the excitation pulse. The fragmentation of the (M + 17H)17+ of horse heart myoglobin is also shown to illustrate the application of “fast excitation” CID to proteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ION traps
N1  - Accession Number: 10119527; Murrell, J. 1; Email Address: jmurrell@dstl.gov.uk Despeyroux, D. 1 Lammert, S. A. 2 Stephenson Jr., J. L. 2 Goeringer, D. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dstl, Detection Department, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom  2: Chemical and Analytical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 14 Issue 7, p785; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ION traps; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00326-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, B.
AU  - Qiu, X.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Hwang, K.C.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Liu, C.
T1  - The size effect on void growth in ductile materials
JO  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
JF  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 51
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1171
SN  - 00225096
AB  - We have extended the Rice–Tracey model (J. Mech. Phys. Solids 17 (1969) 201) of void growth to account for the void size effect based on the Taylor dislocation model, and have found that small voids tend to grow slower than large voids. For a perfectly plastic solid, the void size effect comes into play through the ratio <f>&epsiv;l/R0</f>, where <f>l</f> is the intrinsic material length on the order of microns, <f>&epsiv;</f> the remote effective strain, and <f>R0</f> the void size. For micron-sized voids and small remote effective strain such that <f>&epsiv;l/R0&les;0.02</f>, the void size influences the void growth rate only at high stress triaxialities. However, for sub-micron-sized voids and relatively large effective strain such that <f>&epsiv;l/R0>0.2</f>, the void size has a significant effect on the void growth rate at all levels of stress triaxiality. We have also obtained the asymptotic solutions of void growth rate at high stress triaxialities accounting for the void size effect. For <f>&epsiv;l/R0>0.2</f>, the void growth rate scales with the square of mean stress, rather than the exponential function in the Rice–Tracey model (1969). The void size effect in a power-law hardening solid has also been studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - Size effect
KW  - Strain gradient plasticity
KW  - Taylor dislocation model
KW  - Void growth rate
KW  - Voids
N1  - Accession Number: 9601031; Liu, B. 1 Qiu, X. 2 Huang, Y. 1; Email Address: huang9@uiuc.edu Hwang, K.C. 2 Li, M. 3 Liu, C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, 1206 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China  3: Alcoa Technical Center, Aluminum Company of America, Alcoa Center, PA 15069, USA  4: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 51 Issue 7, p1171; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Size effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain gradient plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Taylor dislocation model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Void growth rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voids; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-5096(03)00037-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pennacchio, Len A.
T1  - Insights from human/mouse genome comparisons.
JO  - Mammalian Genome
JF  - Mammalian Genome
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 14
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
EP  - 436
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09388990
AB  - Large-scale public genomic sequencing efforts have provided a wealth of vertebrate sequence data poised to provide insights into mammalian biology. These include deep genomic sequence coverage of human, mouse, rat, zebrafish, and two pufferfish (Fugu rubripes and Tetraodon nigroviridis) (Aparicio et al. 2002; Lander et al. 2001; Venter et al. 2001; Waterston et al. 2002). In addition, a high-priority has been placed on determining the genomic sequence of chimpanzee, dog, cow, frog, and chicken (Boguski 2002). While only recently available, whole genome sequence data have provided the unique opportunity to globally compare complete genome contents. Furthermore, the shared evolutionary ancestry of vertebrate species has allowed the development of comparative genomic approaches to identify ancient conserved sequences with functionality. Accordingly, this review focuses on the initial comparison of available mammalian genomes and describes various insights derived from such analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mammalian Genome is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - PUFFERS (Fish)
KW  - POISONOUS fishes
KW  - FUGU rubripes
KW  - TETRAODON
N1  - Accession Number: 15360658; Pennacchio, Len A. 1; Email Address: LAPennacchio@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, California and Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 14 Issue 7, p429; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: PUFFERS (Fish); Subject Term: POISONOUS fishes; Subject Term: FUGU rubripes; Subject Term: TETRAODON; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00335-002-4001-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
AU  - Ramaswamy, S.
AU  - Negrete, M.
T1  - Using a micromechanical finite element parametric study to motivate a phenomenological macroscale model for void/crack nucleation in aluminum with a hard second phase
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 675
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - A multi-scale methodology that includes microscale finite element simulations, physical experiments, and a macroscale phenomenological model was used to determine the appropriate first-order influence parameters relating to void/crack nucleation. The finite element analyses were used to examine the role of seven independent features (number of silicon particle sites, uniformity of particle sizes which were micron size, shape of particles, additional microporosity, temperature, prestrain history, and loading conditions) in debonding and fracture of hard silicon particles in a cast A356 aluminum alloy. Owing to the wide range of features that can affect void/crack nucleation, an optimal matrix of finite element calculations is generated using a statistical method of design of experiments (DOE). The DOE method was used to independently screen the parametric influences concerning void/crack nucleation by second phase fracture or interface debonding. The results clearly show that the initial temperature was the most dominant influence parameter with respect to the others for both fracture and debonding. Experiments were then performed at three temperatures to quantify the void/crack nucleation from notch tensile specimen fracture surfaces. The data verified the importance of the temperature dependence on void/crack nucleation and showed that as the temperature decreased, the void nucleation rate increased. The Horstemeyer–Gokhale void/crack nucleation model was modified to include the temperature dependence and material constants were determined based on the experimental data. This study exemplifies a methodology of bridging various size scale analyses by sorting out the pertinent cause–effect relations from the structure–property relations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics of Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
N1  - Accession Number: 9289487; Horstemeyer, M.F.; Email Address: mfhorst@sandia.gov Ramaswamy, S. 1 Negrete, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Materials and Engineering Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9405, Livermore, CA, 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p675; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-6636(02)00165-5
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lerma, Jesus
AU  - Khraishi, Tariq
AU  - Shen, Yu-Lin
AU  - Wirth, Brian D.
T1  - The elastic fields of misfit cylindrical particles: a dislocation-based numerical approach
JO  - Mechanics Research Communications
JF  - Mechanics Research Communications
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 00936413
AB  - Analytical solutions for the displacement and stress fields due to a misfit particle in a host matrix can be difficult to obtain, especially for complex particle geometries. In this work, we present a numerical method for finding such fields in the case of infinitely-long particles. The method is based on discretizing the continuous misfit region between the particle and matrix into local misfit regions consisting of interstitial dislocation loops. The results presented here indicate very good agreement with analytical solutions and better convergence with increasing loop density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics Research Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - Dislocation mechanics
KW  - Eigenstrains
KW  - Particle strengthening
N1  - Accession Number: 9854625; Lerma, Jesus 1 Khraishi, Tariq 1; Email Address: khraishi@me.unm.edu Shen, Yu-Lin 1 Wirth, Brian D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p325; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eigenstrains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle strengthening; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0093-6413(03)00035-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gudjonsson, Thorarinn
AU  - Rønnov-Jessen, Lone
AU  - Villadsen, René
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
AU  - Petersen, Ole William
T1  - To create the correct microenvironment: three-dimensional heterotypic collagen assays for human breast epithelial morphogenesis and neoplasia
JO  - Methods
JF  - Methods
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 10462023
AB  - The normal human breast comprises an inner layer of luminal epithelial cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells separated from the connective tissue stroma by an intact basement membrane. In breast cancer, tumor cells are in direct contact with the surrounding highly activated collagenous stroma, with little or no discernible myoepithelial fence from the original double-layered structure. To understand the evolution of these two scenarios, we took advantage of a three-dimensional hydrated collagen gel approach. The contribution of myoepithelial cells to normal morphogenesis was studied by ablation and rescue experiments, and genes regulated on tumor cell–fibroblast interaction were identified in a tumor environment assay. In normal breast morphogenesis, the ability to correctly polarize sialomucin to the luminal membrane of emerging acini was used as a criterion for apical polarity and functional differentiation. In the assay of breast neoplasia, the consequence of reciprocal tumor cell–fibroblast interaction was addressed morphologically as well as by a differential display approach. Normal breast epithelial cells were purified immunomagnetically and an established cell line, MCF-7, was used as a surrogate tumor cell. With regard to the importance of myoepithelial cells in normal breast epithelial morphogenesis, the collagen gel assay elucidated the following subtleties: In contrast to culturing in basement membrane gels, luminal epithelial cells when cultured alone made structures that were all inversely polarized. This aberrant polarity could be rescued by co-culture with myoepithelial cells. The molecular activity of myoepithelial cells responsible for correct morphogenesis was narrowed down to the laminin-1 component of the basement membrane. As for the consequence of interaction of tumor cells with connective tissue fibroblasts, the assay allowed us to identify a hitherto undescribed gene referred to as EPSTI1. The relevance of the assay-based identification of regulated genes was confirmed in a series of breast carcinomas in which EPSTI1 was highly upregulated compared with normal breast. Few if any of these observations would have been possible on two-dimensional tissue culture plastic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Methods is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREAST
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - Breast models
KW  - EPSTI1
KW  - Luminal epithelial cell
KW  - Microenvironment
KW  - Myoepithelial cell
KW  - Myofibroblast
KW  - Three-dimensional cell culture
KW  - Tumor environment assay
N1  - Accession Number: 9905601; Gudjonsson, Thorarinn 1,2 Rønnov-Jessen, Lone 3 Villadsen, René 1 Bissell, Mina J. 4; Email Address: mjbissell@lbl.gov Petersen, Ole William 1; Email Address: o.w.petersen@mai.ku.dk; Affiliation:  1: Structural Cell Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Anatomy, The Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark  2: Molecular and Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Icelandic Cancer Society, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland  3: Zoophysiological Laboratory, The August Krogh Institute, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark  4: Life Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, LBNL, 83 Room 101, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p247; Subject Term: BREAST; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast models; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPSTI1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Luminal epithelial cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microenvironment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Myoepithelial cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Myofibroblast; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-dimensional cell culture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tumor environment assay; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1046-2023(03)00031-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elias, D. A.
AU  - Krumholz, L. R.
AU  - Wong, D.
AU  - Long, P. E.
AU  - Suflita, J. M.
T1  - Characterization of Microbial Activities and U Reduction in a Shallow Aquifer Contaminated by Uranium Mill Tailings.
JO  - Microbial Ecology
JF  - Microbial Ecology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 91
SN  - 00953628
AB  - A characterization of the Shiprock, NM, uranium mill tailing site focused on the geochemical and microbiological factors governing in-situ uranium-redox reactions. Groundwater and aqueous extracts of sediment samples contained a wide concentration range of sulfate, nitrate, and U(VI) with median values of 21.2 mM, 16.1 µM, and 2.7 µM, respectively. Iron(III) was not detected in groundwater, but a median value of 0.3 mM in sediment extracts was measured. Bacterial diversity down gradient from the disposal pile reflected the predominant geochemistry with relatively high numbers of sulfate- and nitrate-reducing microorganisms, and smaller numbers of acetogenic, methanogenic, nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing, Fe(III)-reducing, and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria. In aquifer slurry incubations, nitrate reduction was always preferred and had a negative impact on sulfate-, Fe(III)-, and U-reduction rates. We also found that sulfate-reduction rates decreased sharply in the presence of clay, while Fe(III)-reduction increased with no clear impact on U reduction. In the absence of clay, iron and sulfate reduction correlated with concentrations of Fe(III) and sulfate, respectively. Rates of U(VI) loss did not correlate with the concentration of any electron acceptor. With the exception of Fe(III), electron donor amendment was largely unsuccessful in stimulating electron acceptor loss over a 2-week incubation period, suggesting that endogenous forms of organic matter were sufficient to support microbial activity. Our findings suggest that efforts to accelerate biological U reduction should initially focus on stimulating nitrate removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbial Ecology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - AQUITARDS
KW  - URANIUM mill tailings
N1  - Accession Number: 16936493; Elias, D. A. 1 Krumholz, L. R. 1 Wong, D. 1 Long, P. E. 2 Suflita, J. M. 1; Email Address: jsuflita@ou.edu; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Energy and the Environment and the Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p83; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: HYDROGEOLOGY; Subject Term: AQUITARDS; Subject Term: URANIUM mill tailings; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00248-002-1060-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bunge
AU  - S. D.
AU  - Boyle
AU  - T. J.
AU  - Headley
T1  - Synthesis of Coinage-Metal Nanoparticles from Mesityl Precursors.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 3
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
EP  - 905
SN  - 15306984
AB  - An anhydrous route for the synthesis of amine-capped coinage-metal nanoparticles (NP) has been developed using coinage-metal mesityl (mesityl = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2) derivatives. Under an argon atmosphere, crystalline [Cu(μ-mesityl)]5, [Ag(μ-mesityl)]4, and [Au(μ-mesityl)]5 were readily dissolved in octylamine (0.3 M solution) and subsequently injected into a heated hexadecylamine solution (300 °C), generating the corresponding metal nanoparticles. After washing with methanol and extracting with toluene, oxide-free coinage NPs were isolated and characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Under these conditions, the spherical NPs were found to be 8-9 nm in size for Cu° (no surface oxide present), 9 nm for Ag°, and 8-80 nm for Au°. Reducing the concentration of the precursor solution, the temperature of the solution, and the time of reaction led to the synthesis of Au° NPs that were 12 ± 1 nm in size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - TOLUENE
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11993367; Bunge S. D. 1 Boyle T. J. 1 Headley; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Advanced Materials Laboratory, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 3 Issue 7, p901; Subject Term: ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry); Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: TOLUENE; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGinnis, D.P.
AU  - Stancari, G.
AU  - Werkema, S.J.
T1  - Beam decelerations with variable momentum compaction in the Fermilab Antiproton Accumulator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 506
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 01689002
AB  - For the study of charmonium resonances above and including the <f>χc0</f>, Fermilab experiment E-835 required an intense and stochastically cooled antiproton beam with kinetic energies from <f>8 GeV</f> (the injection energy of the Accumulator) down to <f>4 GeV</f>. We developed a scheme in which the momentum compaction factor of the machine was changed as the antiprotons were decelerated, so that the energies of interest to the experiment were kept above transition. The scheme was used during the E-835 10-month run of the year 2000. Here we describe the design criteria, operational procedures and diagnostic tools we used to exploit the machine as an efficient antiproton decelerator. The machine performance during data taking is also discussed, in relation to the main experimental requirements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARMONIUM
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Charmonium
KW  - Deceleration
KW  - Lattice
KW  - Transition energy
N1  - Accession Number: 10009767; McGinnis, D.P. 1 Stancari, G.; Email Address: stancari@fe.infn.it Werkema, S.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Antiproton Source Department, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 506 Issue 3, p205; Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charmonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition energy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01395-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sajaev, V.
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Biedron, S.G.
AU  - Den Hartog, P.K.
AU  - Gluskin, E.
AU  - Kim, K.-J.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Makarov, O.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Moog, E.R.
T1  - <f>Z</f>-dependent spectral measurements of SASE FEL radiation at APS
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 506
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 304
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report on the first measurements of the dependence on the axial distance z of the spectrum of self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser (SASE FEL) radiation. The measurements are performed under different FEL conditions in the wavelength range from 265 to 530 nm. Spectral measurements of the radiation at FEL saturation are included. The <f>z</f>-dependence of the radiation spectrum is compared with theory and simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - Self-amplified spontaneous emission
KW  - Spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 10009772; Sajaev, V.; Email Address: sajaev@aps.anl.gov Huang, Z. 1 Biedron, S.G. 1 Den Hartog, P.K. 1 Gluskin, E. 1 Kim, K.-J. 1 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Li, Y. 1 Makarov, O. 1 Milton, S.V. 1 Moog, E.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 506 Issue 3, p304; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-amplified spontaneous emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00716-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klein, Spencer R.
T1  - Heavy nuclei, from RHIC to the cosmos
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 122
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions produce a high-temperature, thermalized system that may mimic the conditions present shortly after the big bang. This writeup will given an overview of early results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), and discuss what we have learned about hot, strongly interacting nuclear systems. The thermal and chemical composition of the system will be discussed, along with observables that are sensitive to the early evolution of the system. I will also discuss the implications of the RHIC results for cosmic ray air showers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - RELATIVITY (Physics)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091974; Klein, Spencer R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 122 Issue 1-3, p76; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: RELATIVITY (Physics); Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dingley, Karen H.
AU  - Ubick, Esther A.
AU  - Chiarappa-Zucca, Marina L.
AU  - Nowell, Susan
AU  - Abel, Steffen
AU  - Ebeler, Susan E.
AU  - Mitchell, Alyson E.
AU  - Burns, Stephanie A.
AU  - Steinberg, Francene M.
AU  - Clifford, Andrew J.
T1  - Effect of Dietary Constituents With Chemopreventive Potential on Adduct Formation of a Low Dose of the Heterocyclic Amines PhIP and IQ and Phase II Hepatic Enzymes.
JO  - Nutrition & Cancer
JF  - Nutrition & Cancer
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 212
EP  - 221
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01635581
AB  - We conducted a study to evaluate dietary chemopreventive strategies to reduce genotoxic effects of the carcinogens 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ). PhIP and IQ are heterocyclic amines (HCAs) that are found in cooked meat and may be risk factors for cancer. Typical chemoprevention studies have used carcinogen doses many thousand-fold higher than usual human daily intake. Therefore, we administered a low dose of [14C] PhIPand [3H] IQand utilized accelerator mass spectrometry to quantify PhIP adducts in the liver, colon, prostate, and blood plasma and IQadducts in the liver and blood plasma with high sensitivity. Diets supplemented with phenethylisothiocyanate (PEITC), genistein, chlorophyllin, or lycopene were evaluated for their ability to decrease adduct formation of [14C] PhIPand [3H] IQin rats. We also examined the effect of treatments on the activity of the phase II detoxification enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST), UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT), phenol sulfotransferase (SULT) and quinone reductase (QR). PEITC and chlorophyllin significantly decreased PhIP-DNA adduct levels in all tissues examined, which was reflected by similar changes in PhIP binding to albumin in the blood. In contrast, genistein and lycopene tended to increase PhIP adduct levels. The treatments did not significantly alter the level of IQ-DNA or -protein adducts in the liver.With the exception of lycopene, the treatments had some effect on the activity of one or more hepatic phase II detoxification enzymes. We conclude that PEITC and chlorophyllin are protective of PhIP-induced genotoxicity after a low exposure dose of carcinogen, possibly through modification of HCA metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nutrition & Cancer is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - GENETIC toxicology
KW  - HETEROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - AMINES
N1  - Accession Number: 11650172; Dingley, Karen H. 1 Ubick, Esther A. 1 Chiarappa-Zucca, Marina L. 2 Nowell, Susan 3 Abel, Steffen 4 Ebeler, Susan E. 5 Mitchell, Alyson E. 6 Burns, Stephanie A. Steinberg, Francene M. Clifford, Andrew J. 7; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  2: Chemical Biology and Nuclear Division, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  3: National Center for Toxicological Research, AR  4: Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA  5: Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA  6: Department of Food Science and Technology, and University of California, Davis, CA  7: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p212; Subject Term: CARCINOGENS; Subject Term: GENETIC toxicology; Subject Term: HETEROCYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: AMINES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amestoy, Patrick R.
AU  - Duff, Iain S.
AU  - L’Excellent, Jean-Yves
AU  - Li, Xiaoye S.
T1  - Impact of the implementation of MPI point-to-point communications on the performance of two general sparse solvers
JO  - Parallel Computing
JF  - Parallel Computing
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 833
SN  - 01678191
AB  - We examine the send and receive mechanisms of MPI and show how to implement message passing robustly so that performance is not significantly affected by changes to the MPI system. We discuss this within the context of two different parallel algorithms for sparse Gaussian elimination: a multifrontal solver (MUMPS), and a supernodal one (SuperLU). The performance of our initial strategies based on simple MPI point-to-point communication primitives is very sensitive to the MPI system, particularly the way MPI buffers are used. Using nonblocking communication primitives improves the performance and robustness, but at the cost of increased code complexity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Parallel Computing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Direct solvers
KW  - Immediate communication primitives
KW  - Message passing
KW  - MPI
KW  - Sparse matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 10060694; Amestoy, Patrick R. 1; Email Address: amestoy@enseeiht.fr Duff, Iain S. 2; Email Address: i.duff@rl.ac.uk L’Excellent, Jean-Yves 3; Email Address: jylexcel@ens-lyon.fr Li, Xiaoye S. 4; Email Address: xiaoye@nersc.gov; Affiliation:  1: ENSEEIHT-IRIT, 2 rue Camichel, F-31071 Toulouse, France  2: CERFACS, 42 Ave G Coriolis, F-31527 Toulouse Cedex 1, France  3: INRIA Rhône Alpes and Laboratoire de l’Informatique du Parallélisme, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR CNRS-ENS Lyon-INRIA 5668, 46 allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France  4: NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 50F, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 29 Issue 7, p833; Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct solvers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immediate communication primitives; Author-Supplied Keyword: Message passing; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sparse matrices; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-8191(03)00067-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rangaswamy, P.
AU  - Beyerlein, I. J.
AU  - Bourke, M. A. M.
AU  - Prime, M. B.
AU  - Saigal, A. K.
AU  - Williams, T. O.
T1  - Residual stresses in continuous-tungsten-fibre-reinforced Kanthal-matrix composites.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/07//7/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 2267
EP  - 2292
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Residual stresses were measured in four Kanthal matrix-continuous-tungsten-fibre composites (with different tungsten fibre volume fractions V[SUBf] = 10, 20, 30 and 70 vol.%) using neutron diffraction. Parallel to the fibres the stress in the Kanthal ranged from 40 MPa (V[SUBf] = 10 vol.%) to 1100 MPa (V[SUBf] = 70 vol.%) compared with -1877 MPa (V[SUBf] = 10 vol.%) to -400 MPa (V[SUBf] = 70 vol.%) for the tungsten. Perpendicular to the fibres the stress ranged from -52 MPa (V[SUBf] = 10 vol.%) to 620 MPa (V[SUBf] = 70 vol.%) in the Kanthal compared with -778 MPa (V[SUBf] = 10 vol.%) to -195 MPa (V[SUBf] = 70 vol.%) in the tungsten. Assuming that the measured residual stresses were solely thermal in origin, predictions were made using concentric cylinder and finite-element models. In the absence of hardening data the assumed material behaviour was elastic-perfectly plastic and the predictions underestimated the measured stresses for all volume fractions. Nevertheless the model results were consistent with the experimental measurements. The transverse stress in the fibres is discussed in the context of the interface normal stress, which is significant to the global mechanical response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - FINITE element method
N1  - Accession Number: 10371568; Rangaswamy, P. 1 Beyerlein, I. J. 1 Bourke, M. A. M. 1 Prime, M. B. 1 Saigal, A. K. 2 Williams, T. O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA; Source Info: 7/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 19, p2267; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: FINITE element method; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Orenstein, Joseph
T1  - Optical conductivity of a superfluid density wave
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 390
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present a calculation of the low-frequency optical conductivity of a superconductor in the presence of quenched inhomogeneity in both the superfluid and normal fluid densities. We find that inhomogeneity in the superfluid density displaces spectral weight from the condensate to a frequency range that depends critically on the spatial correlation of normal and superfluid density fluctuations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - Inhomogeneous superconductivity
KW  - Optical conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 9857003; Orenstein, Joseph 1; Email Address: joeo@ux5.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 390 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhomogeneous superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical conductivity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00705-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Rupich, M.W.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Nguyen, N.
AU  - Kodenkandath, T.
AU  - Schoop, U.
AU  - Verebelyi, D.T.
AU  - Thieme, C.
AU  - Jowett, M.
AU  - Arendt, P.N.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Holesinger, T.G.
AU  - Aytug, T.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
AU  - Paranthaman, M.P.
T1  - High critical current MOD ex situ YBCO films on RABiTSTM and MgO-IBAD templates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 390
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Epitaxial YBCO films with a thickness of 0.9 μm have been deposited by ex situ conversion of a trifluoroacetate-based metal organic decomposition precursor on both RABiTSTM (NiW) and MgO-IBAD Hastelloy substrates. These are potential processes for fabricating second generation coated conductor wires. <f>Ic</f> values, at 77 K and self-field, as high as 202 and 194 A/cm-width have been achieved on the RABiTSTM and MgO-IBAD samples, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - <f>Ic</f>
KW  - CeO2
KW  - LaMnO3
KW  - MgO-IBAD
KW  - MOD
KW  - RABiTS
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 9857004; Li, X. 1; Email Address: xli@amsuper.com Rupich, M.W. 1 Zhang, W. 1 Nguyen, N. 1 Kodenkandath, T. 1 Schoop, U. 1 Verebelyi, D.T. 1 Thieme, C. 1 Jowett, M. 1 Arendt, P.N. 2 Foltyn, S.R. 2 Holesinger, T.G. 2 Aytug, T. 3 Christen, D.K. 3 Paranthaman, M.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: American Superconductor, Westborough, MA 01581, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 390 Issue 3, p249; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>Ic</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: LaMnO3; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO-IBAD; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOD; Author-Supplied Keyword: RABiTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00803-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott, Heather N.
AU  - Laible, Philip D.
AU  - Hanson, Deborah K.
T1  - Sequences of versatile broad-host-range vectors of the RK2 family
JO  - Plasmid
JF  - Plasmid
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 50
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
SN  - 0147619X
AB  - Plasmid pRK404—a smaller derivative of RK2—is a tetracycline-resistant broad-host-range vector that carries a multiple cloning site and the lacZ<f>(α)</f> peptide that enables blue/white selection for cloned inserts in Escherichia coli. We present herein the complete and annotated sequence of pRK404 and three related vectors—pRK437, pRK442, and pRK442(H). These derivatives have proven to be valuable tools for genetic manipulation in Gram-negative bacteria. The knowledge of their complete sequences will facilitate efficient future engineering of them and will enhance their general applicability to the design of genetic systems for use in organisms for which new genomic sequence data are becoming available. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Plasmid is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR cloning
KW  - PLASMIDS
KW  - Cloning vector
KW  - Conjugation
KW  - Mobilizable vector
KW  - Plasmid DNA sequence
KW  - pRK404
KW  - RK2
N1  - Accession Number: 10064367; Scott, Heather N. 1 Laible, Philip D. 1 Hanson, Deborah K.; Email Address: dkhanson@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p74; Subject Term: MOLECULAR cloning; Subject Term: PLASMIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloning vector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conjugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobilizable vector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmid DNA sequence; Author-Supplied Keyword: pRK404; Author-Supplied Keyword: RK2; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0147-619X(03)00030-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmitz, Tony L.
AU  - Beckwith, John F.
T1  - An investigation of two unexplored periodic error sources in differential-path interferometry
JO  - Precision Engineering
JF  - Precision Engineering
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 01416359
AB  - This paper describes two sources of periodic error in differential-path interferometry that have remained largely unexplored: dynamic periodic error that is exhibited by heterodyne interferometer systems under high-speed displacements and intermodulation periodic error caused by amplifier nonlinearity. Dynamic periodic error occurs when the measurement signal, or intended ac interference term, and unwanted dc interference terms, that exist due to frequency leakage in physical implementations of heterodyne interferometers, are both present within the phase measuring electronics’ modulation bandwidth. The situation is similar to the well-documented pseudo-static periodic error observed at low slide speeds, where the intended ac interference, leakage-induced ac interference, and ac reference terms all lie within the modulation bandwidth.The Frequency–Path (F–P) model of the propagation of light from the source to detector for differential-path interferometers is also presented. This model identifies each possible path for each light frequency from the source to detector and predicts the number of interference terms that may be expected at the detector output. We show that, regardless of the interferometer configuration, the behavior of each interference term with respect to optical path changes may be grouped into one of four categories: optical power, ac interference, ac reference, and dc interference. The application of the F–P model to the generic description of periodic error in a single pass, Michelson-type heterodyne interferometer is provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Precision Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Frequency–Path model
KW  - Heterodyne interferometry
KW  - Periodic error
N1  - Accession Number: 10357276; Schmitz, Tony L. 1; Email Address: tschmitz@ufl.edu Beckwith, John F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, 237 MEB, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Electronics Engineering Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p311; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency–Path model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterodyne interferometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Periodic error; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0141-6359(03)00036-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J.C.
AU  - Davis, F.J.
T1  - Latin hypercube sampling and the propagation of uncertainty in analyses of complex systems
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 81
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 09518320
AB  - The following techniques for uncertainty and sensitivity analysis are briefly summarized: Monte Carlo analysis, differential analysis, response surface methodology, Fourier amplitude sensitivity test, Sobol'' variance decomposition, and fast probability integration. Desirable features of Monte Carlo analysis in conjunction with Latin hypercube sampling are described in discussions of the following topics: (i) properties of random, stratified and Latin hypercube sampling, (ii) comparisons of random and Latin hypercube sampling, (iii) operations involving Latin hypercube sampling (i.e. correlation control, reweighting of samples to incorporate changed distributions, replicated sampling to test reproducibility of results), (iv) uncertainty analysis (i.e. cumulative distribution functions, complementary cumulative distribution functions, box plots), (v) sensitivity analysis (i.e. scatterplots, regression analysis, correlation analysis, rank transformations, searches for nonrandom patterns), and (vi) analyses involving stochastic (i.e. aleatory) and subjective (i.e. epistemic) uncertainty. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - Aleatory uncertainty
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Latin hypercube sampling
KW  - Monte Carlo analysis
KW  - Random sampling
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Uncertainty analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9855309; Helton, J.C. 1; Email Address: jchelto@sandia.gov Davis, F.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1804, USA  2: Department 6849, MS 0779, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0779, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aleatory uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latin hypercube sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty analysis; Number of Pages: 47p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0951-8320(03)00058-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reichmuth, David S.
AU  - Chirica, Gabriela S.
AU  - Kirby, Brian J.
T1  - Increasing the performance of high-pressure, high-efficiency electrokinetic micropumps using zwitterionic solute additives
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 92
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 09254005
AB  - A zwitterionic additive is used to improve the performance of electrokinetic micropumps (EK pumps), which use voltage applied across a porous matrix to generate electroosmotic pressure and flow in microfluidic systems. Modeling of EK pump systems predicts that the additive, trimethylammoniopropane sulfonate (TMAPS), will result in up to a 3.3-fold increase in pumping efficiency and up to a 2.5-fold increase in the generated pressure. These predictive relations compare well with experimental results for flow, pressure and efficiency. With these improvements, pressures up to 156 kPa/V (22 psi/V) and efficiency up to 5.6% are demonstrated. Similar improvements can be expected from a wide range of zwitterionic species that exhibit large dipole moments and positive linear dielectric increments. These improvements lead to a reduction in voltage and power requirements and will facilitate miniaturization of micro-total-analysis systems (μTAS) and microfluidically driven actuators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PUMPING machinery
KW  - ELECTROKINETICS
KW  - Dielectric increment
KW  - Electroosmosis
KW  - Micropump
KW  - Zwitterion
N1  - Accession Number: 9712029; Reichmuth, David S. 1 Chirica, Gabriela S. 1 Kirby, Brian J.; Email Address: bjkirby@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Microfluidics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 92 Issue 1/2, p37; Subject Term: PUMPING machinery; Subject Term: ELECTROKINETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric increment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electroosmosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micropump; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zwitterion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333911 Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00128-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rivera, D.
AU  - Alam, M.K.
AU  - Davis, C.E.
AU  - Ho, C.K.
T1  - Characterization of the ability of polymeric chemiresistor arrays to quantitate trichloroethylene using partial least squares (PLS): effects of experimental design, humidity, and temperature
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 92
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
SN  - 09254005
AB  - Polymeric chemiresistors are a class of chemical sensor that have promise for being practical in situ sensors of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in various environmental monitoring applications. However, these devices may undergo changes in response due to changes in temperature or humidity that must be taken into consideration when developing calibration models. The devices can also display significant hysteresis effects after exposure to VOC vapor. These effects are complicated by the fact that each sensor within an array is coated with a different polymer, each with a different response to temperature, humidity, and VOC exposure. It is shown that partial least squares (PLS) can provide quantitative predictions of trichloroethylene (TCE) using an array of chemiresistors through appropriate experimental design. Effects of humidity and temperature on the response of chemiresistor arrays and predictive ability of PLS are also discussed. It is also shown that to truly assess the quality of a calibration model it must be first tested through prediction of a test set at a time separated from the acquisition of the calibration data. Using only leave-one-out cross-validation results from the calibration can lead to unwarranted confidence in a model that is not stable with respect to changing environmental conditions and device drift. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL detectors
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Chemiresistor
KW  - Experimental design
KW  - In situ environmental monitoring
KW  - Partial least squares
N1  - Accession Number: 9712039; Rivera, D. 1 Alam, M.K. 1; Email Address: mkalam@sandia.gov Davis, C.E. 2 Ho, C.K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department 1812 Chemical and Biological Sensing, Imaging and Analysis, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Department 1744 Micro Systems Sensors and Technology, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Department 6115 Geohydrology, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 92 Issue 1/2, p110; Subject Term: CHEMICAL detectors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemiresistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental design; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ environmental monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial least squares; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00122-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smallwood, David
T1  - The variance of energy estimates for the product model.
JO  - Shock & Vibration
JF  - Shock & Vibration
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 221
PB  - Hindawi Publishing Corporation
SN  - 10709622
AB  - A product model, in which {x(t)}, is the product of a slowly varying random window, {w(t)}, and a stationary random process, {g(t)}, is defined. A single realization of the process will be defined as x(t). This is slightly different from the usual definition of the product model where the window is typically defined as deterministic. An estimate of the energy (the zero order temporal moment, only in special cases is this physical energy) of the random process, {x(t)}, is defined as m_0=∫_{-∞}^{∞}|x(t)|^2dt=∫_{-∞}^{∞}|w(t)g(t)|^2dt Relationships for the mean and variance of the energy estimates, m_0, are then developed. It is shown that for many cases the uncertainty (4π times the product of rms duration, D_t, and rms bandwidth, D_f) is approximately the inverse of the normalized variance of the energy. The uncertainty is a quantitative measure of the expected error in the energy estimate. If a transient has a significant random component, a small uncertainty parameter implies large error in the energy estimate. Attempts to resolve a time/frequency spectrum near the uncertainty limits of a transient with a significant random component will result in large errors in the spectral estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Shock & Vibration is the property of Hindawi Publishing Corporation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10965427; Smallwood, David 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0553, USA. Tel.: +1 505 844 3205; Fax: +1 505 844 0078; E-mail: dosmall@sandia.gov; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 10 Issue 4, p211; Subject Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chartier, T.
AU  - Falgout, R. D.
AU  - Henson, V. E.
AU  - Jones, J.
AU  - Manteuffel, T.
AU  - McCormick, S.
AU  - Ruge, J.
AU  - Vassilevski, P. S.
T1  - SPECTRAL AMGe (pAMGe).
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 26
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We introduce spectral element-based algebraic multigrid (ρAMGe), a new algebraic multigrid method for solving systems of algebraic equations that arise in Ritz-type finite element discretizations of partial differential equations. The method requires access to the element stiffness matrices, which enables accurate approximation of algebraically “smooth” vectors (i.e., error components that relaxation cannot effectively eliminate). Most other algebraic multigrid methods are based in some manner on predefined concepts of smoothness. Coarse-grid selection and prolongation, for example, are often defined assuming that smooth errors vary slowly in the direction of “strong” connections (relatively large coefficients in the operator matrix). One aim of ρAMGe is to broaden the range of problems to which the method can be successfully applied by avoiding any implicit premise about the nature of the smooth error. ρAMGe uses the spectral decomposition of small collections of element stiffness matrices to determine local representations of algebraically smooth error components. This provides a foundation for generating the coarse level and for defining effective interpolation. This paper presents a theoretical foundation for ρAMGe along with numerical experiments demonstrating its robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - KRONECKER products
KW  - RELAXATION methods (Mathematics)
KW  - algebraic multigrid
KW  - finite elements
KW  - iterative methods
KW  - spectral methods
N1  - Accession Number: 12216993; Chartier, T. 1; Email Address: chartier@math.washington.edu Falgout, R. D. 2; Email Address: rfagout@llnl.gov Henson, V. E. 2; Email Address: vhenson@llnl.gov Jones, J. 2; Email Address: jjones@llnl.gov Manteuffel, T. 3; Email Address: tmanteuf@colorado.edu McCormick, S. 3; Email Address: stevem@colorado.edu Ruge, J. 3; Email Address: jruge@colorado.edu Vassilevski, P. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Davidson College, Box 7129, Davidson, NC 28035-7129  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-561, Livermore, CA 94551  3: Department of Applied Mathematics, Campus Box 526, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0526; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: KRONECKER products; Subject Term: RELAXATION methods (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: algebraic multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral methods; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dohrmann, Clark R.
T1  - A PRECONDITIONER FOR SUBSTRUCTURING BASED ON CONSTRAINED ENERGY MINIMIZATION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
EP  - 258
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - A preconditioner for substructuring based on constrained energy minimization concepts is presented. The preconditioner is applicable to both structured and unstructured meshes and offers a straightforward approach for the iterative solution of second- and fourth-order structural mechanics problems. The approach involves constraints associated with disjoint sets of nodes on substructure boundaries. These constraints provide the means for preconditioning at both the substructure and global levels. Numerical examples are presented that demonstrate the good performance of the method in terms of iterations, compute time, and condition numbers of the preconditioned equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ELLIPTIC differential equations
KW  - ALGEBRAIC functions
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - balancing domain decomposition
KW  - domain decomposition
KW  - feti
KW  - iterative methods
KW  - substructuring
N1  - Accession Number: 12217010; Dohrmann, Clark R. 1; Email Address: crdohrm@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Structural Dynamics Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 0847, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0847; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p246; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ELLIPTIC differential equations; Subject Term: ALGEBRAIC functions; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: balancing domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: feti; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: substructuring; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dumett, Miguel A.
AU  - Keener, James P.
T1  - AN IMMERSED INTERFACE METHOD F R SOLVING ANISOTROPIC ELLIPTIC BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN THREE DIMENSIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 348
EP  - 367
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We have developed a first-order stable Cartesian grid discretization that uses only interior grid points for inhomogeneous anisotropic elliptic operators subject to Neumann boundary conditions on a bounded nonrectangular geometry in three dimensions. For this discretization method, a necessary and sufficient condition depending on the mesh size h for the existence of this first-order stable scheme at a regular (i.e., interior) grid point is found in terms of the anisotropy matrix. For this discretization method, a way to analyze the existence of a first-order stable scheme at an irregular (i.e., boundary) grid point is also given. The arguments are identical to those for the two-dimensional case [M. A. Dumett and J. P. Keener, A Numerical Method for Solving Anisotropic Elliptic Boundary Value Problems on an Irregular Domain in 2D, manuscript]; only the details change. Unlike in [M. A. Dumett and J. P. Keener, A Numerical Method for Solving Anisotropic Elliptic Boundary Value Problems on an Irregular Domain in 2D, manuscript], a discussion of Dirichlet and Robin boundary conditions is also included. In particular, it is shown that the Gerschgorin condition does not impose sign restrictions on irregular grid points stencil coefficients as in the Neumann case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - DYNAMIC programming
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ELLIPTIC functions
KW  - anisotropic laplacian
KW  - gerschgorin criterion
KW  - immersed interface method
KW  - linear programming
N1  - Accession Number: 12217004; Dumett, Miguel A. 1; Email Address: dumett@math.usc.edu Keener, James P. 2; Email Address: keener@math.utah.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551  2: Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p348; Subject Term: LINEAR programming; Subject Term: DYNAMIC programming; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ELLIPTIC functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: anisotropic laplacian; Author-Supplied Keyword: gerschgorin criterion; Author-Supplied Keyword: immersed interface method; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear programming; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brady, Warren D.
AU  - Eick, Matthew J.
AU  - Grossl, Paul R.
AU  - Brady, Patrick V.
T1  - A Site-Specific Approach for the Evaluation of Natural Attenuation at Metals-Impacted Sites.
JO  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
JF  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 564
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 15320383
AB  - Consideration of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) as a remedy component for metals-contaminated sites can be achieved using a site-specific screening approach, followed by application of one or a series of sequential extraction measurements. Hazardous waste sites contaminated with metals can be screened for the implementation of monitored natural attenuation on the basis of contaminant-specific soil chemical characteristics (i.e., K[SUBd]'s, solubilities, and)nonexchangeable sorbed fraction). Field cases are used to demonstrate the screening approach and to outline the primary considerations involved in accurately applying sequential extraction procedures to support the of MNA for site remediation. The results of these case studies provide strong evidence that site-specific screening and the use of sequential extraction procedures are effective methods for evaluating natural attenuation for metals impacted sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Soil & Sediment Contamination is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hazardous wastes -- Natural attenuation
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Soil chemistry
KW  - Hazardous substances
KW  - bioavailability
KW  - metals
KW  - natural attenuation
KW  - sequential extraction
N1  - Accession Number: 10494876; Brady, Warren D. 1; Eick, Matthew J. 2; Grossl, Paul R. 3; Brady, Patrick V. 4; Affiliations: 1: GeoSyntec Consultants, 4207 Rhoda Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70816, Tel: 225-612-2542, Fax: 225-293-0196, E-mail: wbrady@geosyntec.com, USA; 2: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Univ., 236 Smyth Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0404, Tel: 540-231-8943, Fax: 540-231-3431, E-mail: eick@vt.edu, USA; 3: Utah State University, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4820, Tel: 435-797-0411, Fax: 435-797-3376, E-mail: grossl@cc.usu.edu, USA; 4: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0750, Tel: 505-844-7146, Fax: 505-844-7354, E-mail: pvbrady@sandia.gov, USA; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p541; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes -- Natural attenuation; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Soil chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioavailability; Author-Supplied Keyword: metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: natural attenuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: sequential extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
AU  - Xia, Beicheng
AU  - Huang, Heshu
AU  - Treves, David S.
AU  - Hauser, Loren J.
AU  - Mural, Richard J.
AU  - Palumbo, Anthony V.
AU  - Tiedje, James M.
T1  - Bacterial phylogenetic diversity and a novel candidate division of two humid region, sandy surface soils
JO  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
JF  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 915
AB  - The extent of microbial community diversity in two similar sandy surface soils from Virginia and Delaware (USA) was analysed with a culture-independent small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene-based cloning approach with about 400–700 SSU rDNA clones obtained from each sample. While there were no operational taxonomic units (OTUs) having more than three individuals, about 96–99% of the OTUs had only a single individual. The clones showing less than 85% similarity to the sequences in the current databases were fully sequenced. The majority of the clones (55%) had sequences that were more than 20% different from those in the current databases. About 37% of the clones differed by 15–20% in sequence from the database, 16% of the clones differed by 10–15%, and 5% of the clones differed by only 1–10%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these sequences fell into 10 of the 35–40 known phylogenetic divisions. Many of the clones were affiliated with Acidobacterium (35%). While a substantial portion of the clones belong to alpha (24%) and beta (12%) Proteobacteria, a few of them were affiliated with delta (6%) and gamma (3%) Proteobacteria. About 6% of the clones belong to Planctomycetes, and 4% of the clones were related to gram-positive bacteria. About 4% of clones were related to other bacterial divisions, including Cytophaga, Green sulfur bacteria, Nitrospira, OP10, and Verrucomicrobia. Eight sequences had no specific association with any of the known divisions or candidate divisions and were phylogenetically divided into three novel division level groups, named AD1, AD2 and AD3. Candidate division AD1 represented by six clones (4%) was found in both sites and consisted of two subdivisions. The community structures were similar between these two widely separated, sandy, oligotrophic, surface soils under grass vegetation in a temperate, humid climate but somewhat dissimilar to community structures revealed in similar studies in other types of soil habitats. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Biology & Biochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL microbiology
KW  - CLONING
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Phylogenetic diversity
KW  - Soil microbial community
KW  - SSU rRNA genes
N1  - Accession Number: 10058943; Zhou, Jizhong 1,2; Email Address: zhouj@ornl.gov Xia, Beicheng 2 Huang, Heshu 1 Treves, David S. 2 Hauser, Loren J. 3 Mural, Richard J. 3 Palumbo, Anthony V. 1 Tiedje, James M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 38831, USA  2: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 38831, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p915; Subject Term: SOIL microbiology; Subject Term: CLONING; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phylogenetic diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil microbial community; Author-Supplied Keyword: SSU rRNA genes; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00124-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahan, A.H.
T1  - Hot wire chemical vapor deposition of Si containing materials for solar cells
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 09270248
AB  - A review of the hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) of Si-containing materials for solar cell applications is given. A short history of the technique is given, starting from the early 1970s up to the present time. This is followed by a summary of radical detection and gas phase interaction results aimed towards achieving a basic understanding of this process. Next, issues particular to HWCVD growth are presented. These deal mainly with the filament, and include different methods of mounting filaments, filament contamination issues, filament alloying and its effect on both filament lifetime and film properties, and substrate heating by the filament. Differences between PECVD and HWCVD growth are then summarized, and this is followed by examples of research results indicating unique film properties. Included in these examples are works on amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, silicon nitride, and a new technique for deposition of large grained poly Si by utilizing the etching of silicon by atomic hydrogen produced by the filament. Finally, the future prospects of HWCVD are briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - Filament
KW  - Growth
KW  - Vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 9907803; Mahan, A.H. 1; Email Address: harv_mahan@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1-4, p299; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filament; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor deposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00440-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stradins, Paul
T1  - Light-induced degradation in a-Si:H and its relation to defect creation
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Light-induced degradation of the photoconductivity of hydrogenated amorphous silicon, a-Si:H, called the Staebler–Wronski effect (SWE) is caused by the creation of defects that act as recombination centers. The creation efficiency as well as its kinetics is essentially the same between 4 and 300 K despite drastic changes in the recombination processes. Defects are created with the same spin signature but with greatly different thermal stability and electron capture cross sections. There appears to be a strong link between the latter two properties. The creation-annealing hystereses of free carrier lifetime and defect concentration are explained. The SWE is reduced in high electric fields at 4.2 K suggesting the possible importance of non-radiative geminate recombinations. The validity of accepted rate equations for the SWE excited by cw and laser pulses is questioned. Evidence for long-lived (∼10 μs) precursors of SWE defect creation is presented. Problems with existing SWE models and understanding of defect capture properties are formulated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - Defect creation
KW  - Degradation
N1  - Accession Number: 9907805; Stradins, Paul 1; Email Address: pauls_stradins@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1-4, p349; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect creation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degradation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00442-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Branz, Howard M.
T1  - The hydrogen collision model of metastability after 5 years: experimental tests and theoretical extensions
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
SN  - 09270248
AB  - This paper examines the hydrogen collision model of metastability in hydrogenated amorphous silicon nearly 5 years after its publication. A brief restatement of key model features and assumptions is followed by a review of recent, related, experimental and theoretical studies. Experimental tests and discoveries support several predictions and requirements of the model, including observation of (1) H pairing in the metastability final state, (2) a new timescale in defect creation, (3) an extremely high diffusion rate of mobile H and (4) room-temperature light-induced H motion. However, an experiment in a-SiGe:H casts doubt on the assumption of quasi-equilibration between the mobile H and dangling bonds. Theorists and modelers devised microscopic proposals for paired H in the metastability final state, but no entirely successful picture has emerged. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - Hydrogen collision
KW  - Metastability
N1  - Accession Number: 9907809; Branz, Howard M. 1; Email Address: hbranz@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Photovoltaics, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1-4, p425; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen collision; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metastability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00446-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biswas, R.
AU  - Pan, B.C.
T1  - Mechanisms of metastability in hydrogenated amorphous silicon
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We survey theoretical approaches to understanding the diverse metastable behavior in hydrogenated amorphous silicon. We discuss a recently developed network-rebonding model involving bonding rearrangements of silicon and hydrogen atoms. Using tight-binding molecular dynamics we find non-radiative recombination can break weak silicon bonds with low activation energies, producing dangling bond–floating bond pairs. The transient floating bonds annihilate generating local hydrogen motion and leaving behind isolated dangling bonds. Charged defects are also observed. Major experimental features of metastability including electron-spin resonance, <f>t1/3</f> kinetics, dangling-bond H anti-correlation, and hysteretic annealing are explained. In the second part we focus on large metastable structural changes observed in a-Si:H. We find H atoms have a local metastability involving the flipping of the H to the backside of the Si–H bond that results in a local increase of strain and increase of dipole moments. This naturally explains the larger infrared absorption found after light soaking, and may be related to other large structural changes in the network. Directions for future research are surveyed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - Atomistic mechanisms
KW  - Infrared absorption
KW  - Metastability
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Weak silicon bonds
N1  - Accession Number: 9907810; Biswas, R.; Email Address: biswasr@iastate.edu Pan, B.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Microelectronics Research Center and Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 78 Issue 1-4, p447; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomistic mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metastability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weak silicon bonds; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00447-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butov, L.V.
T1  - Exciton condensation in coupled quantum wells
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 127
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Bound electron–hole pairs—excitons—are Bose particles with small mass. Exciton Bose–Einstein condensation is expected to occur at a few degrees Kelvin—a temperature many orders of magnitude higher than for atoms. Experimentally, an exciton temperature well below 1 K is achieved in coupled quantum well (CQW) semiconductor nanostructures. In this contribution, we review briefly experiments that signal exciton condensation in CQWs: a strong enhancement of the indirect exciton mobility consistent with the onset of exciton superfluidity, a strong enhancement of the radiative decay rate of the indirect excitons consistent with exciton condensate superradiance, strong fluctuations of the indirect exciton emission consistent with critical fluctuations near the phase transition, and a strong enhancement of the exciton scattering rate with increasing concentration of the indirect excitons revealing bosonic stimulation of exciton scattering. Novel experiments with exciton condensation in potential traps, pattern formation in exciton system and macroscopically ordered exciton state will also be reviewed briefly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - BOSE-Einstein condensation
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - A. Quantum wells
KW  - D. Condensation
KW  - D. Exciton
N1  - Accession Number: 10231431; Butov, L.V. 1,2; Email Address: lvbutov@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russian Federation; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 127 Issue 2, p89; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: BOSE-Einstein condensation; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Quantum wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Condensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Exciton; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00312-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10231431&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perakis, I.E.
AU  - Chemla, D.S.
T1  - Coherent ultrafast dynamics in the quantum Hall effect regime
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 127
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We review recent investigations of the femtosecond non-linear optical response of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the quantum Hall effect regime. We find that the time and frequency profile of the four-wave-mixing non-linear optical spectrum is strongly influenced by Coulomb correlations between the photoexcited electron–hole pairs and the 2DEG collective excitations. We discuss experimental and theoretical results showing non-Markovian memory effects in the polarization dephasing, and an optically induced time-dependent coupling between the two lowest Landau level magnetoexcitons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM Hall effect
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - A. Nanostructures
KW  - D. Collective effects
KW  - D. Quantum Hall effect
KW  - D. Strong correlations
KW  - E. Ultrafast non-linear optical spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10231438; Perakis, I.E. 1; Email Address: ilias.e.perakis@vanderbilt.edu Chemla, D.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Crete and Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, P.O. Box 2208, 710 03 Heraklion, Crete, Greece  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 127 Issue 2, p147; Subject Term: QUANTUM Hall effect; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nanostructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Collective effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Quantum Hall effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Strong correlations; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Ultrafast non-linear optical spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00342-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simner, S.P.
AU  - Shelton, J.P.
AU  - Anderson, M.D.
AU  - Stevenson, J.W.
T1  - Interaction between La(Sr)FeO3 SOFC cathode and YSZ electrolyte
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 161
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Anode-supported yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) solid oxide fuel cells utilizing a Sr-doped LaFeO3 (LSF) cathode show improved performance with the incorporation of a Sm-doped CeO2 layer between the cathode and YSZ electrolyte. Detailed X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of LSF–YSZ reaction mixtures indicates no strontium or lanthanum zirconate formation between these materials even at 1400 °C. However, a significant shift in the LSF diffraction peaks is readily apparent and corresponds to a unit cell volume expansion. The most likely scenario for the change in volume is considered to be the incorporation of Zr4+ cations in the perovskite structure. The presence of the Zr cations subsequently results in reduced electrical conductivity of the cathode, potentially explaining the need for the aforementioned ceria interlayer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - Electrical conductivity
KW  - LSF
KW  - YSZ
N1  - Accession Number: 10570227; Simner, S.P.; Email Address: Steven.Simner@pnl.gov Shelton, J.P. 1 Anderson, M.D. 1 Stevenson, J.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 161 Issue 1/2, p11; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: LSF; Author-Supplied Keyword: YSZ; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2738(03)00158-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moldwin, M. B.
AU  - Sandel, B. R.
AU  - Thomsen, M. F.
AU  - Elphic, R. C.
T1  - Quantifying Global Plasmaspheric Images With in situ Observations.
JO  - Space Science Reviews
JF  - Space Science Reviews
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 109
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 61
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00386308
AB  - Simultaneous IMAGE EUV plasmaspheric images and Magneto spheric Plasma Analyzer (MPA) data from the Los Alamos National Laboratory's geosynchronous satellites are combined to understand plasmaspheric behavior and to quantify the global images. A brief review of the understanding of the plasmasphere as learned from in situ observations prior to the launch of IMAGE is given to place the results presented here into context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Space Science Reviews is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERE
KW  - GEOSTATIONARY satellites
KW  - UPPER atmosphere
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERIC substorms
KW  - AURORAS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites in telecommunication
KW  - EUV
KW  - plasmapause
KW  - plasmasphere
N1  - Accession Number: 15102665; Moldwin, M. B. 1 Sandel, B. R. 2 Thomsen, M. F. 3 Elphic, R. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics and Department of Earth and Space Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles CA 90095-1567 USA  2: Lunar and Planetary Laboratory University of Arizona, Tucson AZ  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 109 Issue 1-4, p47; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERE; Subject Term: GEOSTATIONARY satellites; Subject Term: UPPER atmosphere; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERIC substorms; Subject Term: AURORAS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites in telecommunication; Author-Supplied Keyword: EUV; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasmapause; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasmasphere; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517410 Satellite Telecommunications; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pollock, C.J.
AU  - C:Son-brandt, P.
AU  - Burch, J.L.
AU  - Henderson, M.G.
AU  - Jahn, J.-M.
AU  - Mccomas, D.J.
AU  - Mende, S.B.
AU  - Mitchell, D.G.
AU  - Reeves, G.D.
AU  - Scime, E.E.
AU  - Skoug, R.M.
AU  - Thomsen, M.
AU  - Valek, P.
T1  - The Role and Contributions of Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) Imaging in Magnetospheric Substorm Research.
JO  - Space Science Reviews
JF  - Space Science Reviews
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 109
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
EP  - 182
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00386308
AB  - Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) imaging has contributed substantially to sub storm research. This technique has allowed significant advances in areas such as observation and quantification of injected particle drift as a function of energy, observation of dynamics in the tail that are directly related to the effects of imposed (growth phase) and induced (expansion phase) electric fields on the plasma, the prompt extraction of oxygen from the ionosphere during substorms, the relationship between storms and substorms, and the timing of sub storm ENA signatures. We present discussion of the advantages and shortcomings of the ENA technique for studying space plasmas. Although the technique is in its infancy, it is yielding results that enrich our understanding of the sub storm process and its effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Space Science Reviews is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERE
KW  - UPPER atmosphere
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERIC substorms
KW  - AURORAL electrojet
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 15102660; Pollock, C.J. 1 C:Son-brandt, P. 2 Burch, J.L. 1 Henderson, M.G. 3 Jahn, J.-M. 1 Mccomas, D.J. 1 Mende, S.B. 4 Mitchell, D.G. 2 Reeves, G.D. 3 Scime, E.E. 5 Skoug, R.M. 3 Thomsen, M. 3 Valek, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Southwest Research Institute  2: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory  4: Universiiy of California at Berkeley  5: West Virginia University, Emerita; Source Info: Jun2003, Vol. 109 Issue 1-4, p155; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERE; Subject Term: UPPER atmosphere; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERIC substorms; Subject Term: AURORAL electrojet; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muramatsu, Yasuji
AU  - Kaneyoshi, Takahiro
AU  - Gullikson, Eric M.
AU  - Perera, Rupert C.C.
T1  - Angle-resolved soft X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy of hexagonal boron nitride
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 59
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1951
SN  - 13861425
AB  - Angle-resolved soft X-ray emission and absorption spectra in the BK and NK regions of hexagonal BN were measured using polarized synchrotron radiation. The take-off/incident-angle-dependence on the spectral features in both X-ray emission and absorption is clearly observed. The configuration of the σ and π orbitals, which were calculated using discrete variational (DV)-Xα molecular orbital calculations, explains the angle-resolved soft X-ray emission and absorption spectra. The relative peak intensity of the 394-eV peak in the NK X-ray emission provides useful information about the BN layer ordering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - BORON nitride
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - Boron nitride
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Soft X-ray
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - X-ray absorption
KW  - X-ray emission
N1  - Accession Number: 9908621; Muramatsu, Yasuji 1; Email Address: murama@spring8.or.jp Kaneyoshi, Takahiro 2 Gullikson, Eric M. 3 Perera, Rupert C.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Kansai Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan  2: Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Industrial Research, 3-1-12, Yukihira, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037, Japan  3: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 59 Issue 9, p1951; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: BORON nitride; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray emission; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1386-1425(02)00442-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chaudhuri, Barnali N.
AU  - Sawaya, Michael R.
AU  - Kim, Chang-Yub
AU  - Waldo, Geoff S.
AU  - Park, Min S.
AU  - Terwilliger, Thomas C.
AU  - Yeates, Todd O.
T1  - The Crystal Structure of the First Enzyme in the Pantothenate Biosynthetic Pathway, Ketopantoate Hydroxymethyltransferase, from M. tuberculosis
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 753
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase (KPHMT) catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of pantothenate, which is a precursor to coenzyme A and is required for penicillin biosynthesis. The crystal structure of KPHMT from Mycobacterium tuberculosis was determined by the single anomalous substitution (SAS) method at 2.8 A˚ resolution. KPHMT adopts a structure that is a variation on the (β/α) barrel fold, with a metal binding site proximal to the presumed catalytic site. The protein forms a decameric complex, with subunits in opposing pentameric rings held together by a swapping of their C-terminal α helices. The structure reveals KPHMT's membership in a small, recently discovered group of (β/α) barrel enzymes that employ domain swapping to form a variety of oligomeric assemblies. The apparent conservation of certain detailed structural characteristics suggests that KPHMT is distantly related by divergent evolution to enzymes in unrelated pathways, including isocitrate lyase and phosphoenolpyruvate mutase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PENICILLIN
KW  - COENZYMES
N1  - Accession Number: 10180317; Chaudhuri, Barnali N. 1 Sawaya, Michael R. 1 Kim, Chang-Yub 2 Waldo, Geoff S. 2 Park, Min S. 2 Terwilliger, Thomas C. 2 Yeates, Todd O. 1; Email Address: yeates@mbi.ucla.edu; Affiliation:  1: UCLA-DOE Center for Genomics and Proteomics and UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA  2: Bioscience Division, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p753; Subject Term: PENICILLIN; Subject Term: COENZYMES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00106-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
T1  - Band gaps of InN and group III nitride alloys
JO  - Superlattices & Microstructures
JF  - Superlattices & Microstructures
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 75
SN  - 07496036
AB  - We review the fundamental band gaps of wurtzite InN and group III nitride ternary alloys in the light of the recent discovery of the narrow band gap of InN. The results on the composition, temperature and hydrostatic pressure dependence of the band gaps of these alloys are summarized and discussed. The role of the Burstein–Moss shift for the accurate determination of the band gap is emphasized. The impact of the narrow band gap of InN on new device applications of group III nitrides is briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Superlattices & Microstructures is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - TERNARY alloys
KW  - 72.80.Ey
N1  - Accession Number: 13176739; Wu, J. 1 Walukiewicz, W.; Email Address: w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 34 Issue 1/2, p63; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: TERNARY alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: 72.80.Ey; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.spmi.2004.03.069
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fournée, V.
AU  - Ross, A.R.
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
AU  - Evans, J.W.
AU  - Thiel, P.A.
T1  - Growth of Ag thin films on complex surfaces of quasicrystals and approximant phases
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 537
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The nucleation and growth of Ag thin films deposited on structurally complex alloy substrates is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The substrates are high-symmetry surfaces of either icosahedral or decagonal quasicrystals or of related periodic crystals called approximants. At low coverage, completely different film morphologies are observed depending on the surface free energy of the substrate (relative to Ag). At high coverage, the formation of hexagonal nanocrystals is observed in all cases. These have fcc symmetry and pyramid-like multilayer stacking along the 〈1 1 1〉 direction. The constituent hexagonal islands have one, two or five different orientations depending on the rotational symmetry of the substrate on which the growth occurred. The films can be artificially smoothened by O2 induced coarsening, leading to a patchwork of Ag nanocrystals with a perfect texture, which are separated by grain boundaries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILVER
KW  - SCANNING force microscopy
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Metallic surfaces
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Silver
N1  - Accession Number: 10009690; Fournée, V. 1,2,3; Email Address: vincent.fournee@mines.inpl-nancy.fr Ross, A.R. 1,4 Lograsso, T.A. 1,4 Evans, J.W. 1,5 Thiel, P.A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: LSG2M, CNRS-UMR7584, Ecole des Mines, Parc de Saurupt, 54042 Nancy, France  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  5: Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 537 Issue 1-3, p5; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: SCANNING force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00691-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adib, K.
AU  - Totir, G.G.
AU  - Fitts, J.P.
AU  - Rim, K.T.
AU  - Mueller, T.
AU  - Flynn, G.W.
AU  - Joyce, S.A.
AU  - Osgood Jr., R.M.
T1  - Chemistry of CCl4 on Fe3O4(1 1 1)-(2 × 2) surfaces in the presence of adsorbed D2O studied by temperature programmed desorption
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 537
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) was used to study surface reactions of Fe3O4(1 1 1)-(2 × 2) sequentially exposed, at ∼100 K, to vapor-phase D2O and CCl4. Previous TPD and XPS results have indicated that in the absence of D2O, CCl4 dissociatively adsorbs on Fe3O4(1 1 1) producing chemisorbed Cl and CCl2. Subsequent heating of the surface results in abstraction of lattice iron and oxygen atoms and causes them to desorb as FeCl2 and OCCl2, respectively. This study shows that when this Fe3O4 surface is exposed only to D2O, TPD measures a rich surface chemistry with multiple desorption events extending as high as ∼800 K, indicating dissociative adsorption of D2O on the Fe3O4(1 1 1) surface. After sequential exposure to D2O and then CCl4, the production of FeCl2 and OCCl2 from adsorbed CCl4 is suppressed, indicating that D2O fragments block the surface reactive sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Halides
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - Molecule–solid reactions
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Thermal desorption spectroscopy
KW  - Water
N1  - Accession Number: 10009706; Adib, K. 1 Totir, G.G. 2 Fitts, J.P. 2 Rim, K.T. 2 Mueller, T. 2 Flynn, G.W. 2 Joyce, S.A. 3 Osgood Jr., R.M. 2,4; Email Address: osgood@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Program, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 537 Issue 1-3, p191; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecule–solid reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00647-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shah, Vaishali
AU  - Li, Tao
AU  - Baumert, Kenneth L.
AU  - Cheng, Hansong
AU  - Sholl, David S.
T1  - A comparative study of CO chemisorption on flat and stepped Ni surfaces using density functional theory
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 537
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Comparative studies of CO adsorption on Ni (1 1 0), Ni(1 1 1), Ni(2 1 0), and Ni(5 3 1) surfaces are carried out with density functional theory. On each surface, the favored adsorption site is determined by considering multiple possible adsorption sites. Adsorption energies and structural properties are compared with experimental results on the (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) surfaces. In both cases, good agreement with experimental data is found. At surface coverages where adsorbate–adsorbate interactions are relatively weak, the adsorption energy of CO is very similar on the four Ni surfaces. We show that CO bonding on each of these four Ni surfaces is quite similar, with the main contributions arising from the 5σ and the 2π molecular orbitals of CO. The implications of our results for understanding the structure sensitivity of CO dissociation on Ni are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Stepped single crystal surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 10009708; Shah, Vaishali 1 Li, Tao 1,2 Baumert, Kenneth L. 3 Cheng, Hansong 3 Sholl, David S. 1,2; Email Address: sholl@andrew.cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  3: Air Products and Chemicals Inc., Allentown, PA 18195, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 537 Issue 1-3, p217; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stepped single crystal surfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00616-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Lin X.
AU  - Jennings, Guy
AU  - Attenkofer, Klaus
T1  - The Basic Energy Sciences Synchrotron Radiation Center (BESSRC) in Sectors 11 and 12.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/07//Jul/Aug2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Cites key research findings on excited-state molecular structure in disordered media captured by x-ray pulses.  Several challenges encountered by the laser-pulse pump/x-ray absorption experiments; Analysis of pertinent topics and relevant issues; Implications on studies of synchrotron radiation.
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 10882441; Chen, Lin X. 1 Jennings, Guy 1 Attenkofer, Klaus 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul/Aug2003, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p24; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stern, Edward
AU  - Brewe, Dale
AU  - Heald, Steve
AU  - Beck, Kenneth
T1  - The Pacific Northwest Consortium (PNC) CAT in Sector 20.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/07//Jul/Aug2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Cites key research findings on high-repetition-rate laser system for performing time-resolved x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS).  Dynamics of heating and phase changes induced by laser excitation that can be directly monitored by XAFS; Analysis of pertinent topics and relevant issues; Implications on studies of synchrotron radiation.
KW  - LASER spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10882443; Stern, Edward 1 Brewe, Dale 2 Heald, Steve 3 Beck, Kenneth 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Washington  2: PNC-CAT, Universtiy of Washington  3: PNC-CAT, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul/Aug2003, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p30; Subject Term: LASER spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McNulty, Ian
AU  - Lai, Barry
AU  - Maser, J&oum;rg
AU  - Paterson, David J.
AU  - Evans, Paul
AU  - Heald, Steve M.
AU  - Ice, Gene E.
AU  - Isaacs, Eric D.
AU  - Rivers, Mark L.
AU  - Sutton, Stephen R.
T1  - X-ray Microscopy at the Advanced Photon Source.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/07//Jul/Aug2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Discusses key issues concerning x-ray microscopy techniques in use at the Advanced Photon Source (APS).  Wide use of fluorescence, microscopy, tomography and microdiffraction in APS; Analysis of pertinent topics and relevant issues; Implications on studies of synchrotron radiation.
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 10882445; McNulty, Ian 1 Lai, Barry 1 Maser, J&oum;rg 1 Paterson, David J. 1 Evans, Paul 2 Heald, Steve M. 3 Ice, Gene E. 4 Isaacs, Eric D. 5 Rivers, Mark L. 6 Sutton, Stephen R. 6; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory  2: University of Wisconsin  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  5: Lucent Corporation  6: University of Chicago; Source Info: Jul/Aug2003, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p34; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 13 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sih, G.C.
AU  - Chen, E.P.
T1  - Dilatational and distortional behavior of cracks in magnetoelectroelastic materials
JO  - Theoretical & Applied Fracture Mechanics
JF  - Theoretical & Applied Fracture Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01678442
AB  - Dilatation and distortion are the two basic modes of deformation in continuum mechanics. They occur at different time and position depending on the size scale under consideration. At the macroscopic scale, dilatational waves are said to arrive prior to distortional waves at a given location. Macro-plastic deformation caused by distortion off to the side of a macro-crack precedes that of macro-fracture caused by dilatation ahead of a macro-crack. Micro-plasticity and micro-cracking can introduce non-linearity to the macroscopic material behavior. Such effects can be modeled directly as geometric defects (dislocations and/or micro-cracks) or indirectly by introducing effective material coefficients in the constitutive relations.Material anisotropy and/or inhomogeneity, however, do not separate hydrostatic tension (or compression) state of stress from that of shear on the octahedral planes. The latter is the basis of the von-Mises yield criterion. Stated in terms of the strain energy density function, linear separation into one part for dilatation and another for distortion can be made only if the material is linearly isotropic and homogeneous. Recent trends of miniaturization of electronic components requires a better knowledge of how the micro-structure would affect the material response due to mechanical stress as well as other sources of disturbances. Continuum mechanics results need to be interpreted over a wider range of time and size scales, and a better understanding of their limitations need to be achieved.In what follows, the stationary values of the strain energy density function <f>dW/dV</f> will be shown to yield an interpretation of the local dilatational and distortional behavior of anisotropic (or non-homogeneous) materials with or without cracks. This quantity is not only attractive from the view point of mathematics and mechanics because it is positive definite, it also makes physical sense for non-linear materials where the quotient <f>dW/dV</f> could still be used to separate dilatation from distortion. Application of the minimum local energy density function should be distinguished from the global energy minimization method used in molecular dynamics which is applied to determine the equilibrium configuration of atoms.The response of a line crack in a magnetoelectroelastic (MEE) material will be used for discussion in order to illustrate the character of multi-scaling. Expressed differently is that the time and size scales for the transfer of magnetic, electric and elastic energies may not be the same. An arbitrary limiting process that assumes vanishing crack segments created by all forms of energy may not be justified at the local scale levels. What has been assumed at the global scale for isotropic and homogeneous situations may not be valid at the local scale levels where anisotropy and non-homogeneity are the rule rather then the exception.Numerical results are obtained for the composite BaTiO3–CoFe2O4. They show how magnetic and electric poling normal to a line crack could greatly affect the interplay between volume change and shape change of the local continuum elements at both the macroscopic and microscopic scale level. The micro-energy-density function is found to be three orders of magnitude higher than that at the macroscopic scale. The volume fraction of the inclusions made of BaTiO3 also comes into play for both Mode I and II mechanical loading. Potential micro-crack bifurcation is predicted in a region very close to the crack tip while macro-crack initiation occurs in a straight line for the MEE material. The information is relevant for developing macro- and micro-crack models where quantities and situations of secondary importance can be weeded out. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical & Applied Fracture Mechanics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - Cracks
KW  - Dilatation and distortion
KW  - Magnetoelectroelastic material
KW  - Multi-scaling
KW  - Poling effects
N1  - Accession Number: 10060762; Sih, G.C. 1,2; Email Address: gcs@ecust.edu.cn Chen, E.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA  2: School of Mechanical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Mail Box 295, 130 Melong St., Shanghai 200237, China  3: Science-Based Materials Modeling Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cracks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dilatation and distortion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoelectroelastic material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poling effects; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-8442(03)00031-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
AU  - Velappan, Nileena
AU  - Verzillo, Vittorio
AU  - Ovecka, Milan
AU  - Chasteen, Leslie
AU  - Sblattero, Daniele
AU  - Marzari, Roberto
AU  - Lou, Jianlong
AU  - Siegel, Robert
AU  - Pavlik, Peter
T1  - Antibodies in proteomics II: screening, high-throughput characterization and downstream applications
JO  - Trends in Biotechnology
JF  - Trends in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 21
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 312
SN  - 01677799
AB  - There are many ways in which the use of antibodies and antibody selection can be improved and developed for high-throughput characterization. Standard protocols, such as immunoprecipitation, western blotting and immunofluorescence, can be used with antibody fragments generated by display technologies. Together with novel approaches, such as antibody chips and intracellular immunization, these methods will yield useful proteomic data following adaptation of the protocols for increased reliability and robustness. To date, most work has focused on the use of standard, well-characterized commercial antibodies. Such protocols need to be adapted for broader use, for example, with antibody fragments or other binders generated by display technologies, because it is unlikely that traditional approaches will provide the required throughput. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Biotechnology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Immunoglobulins
KW  - Proteomics
N1  - Accession Number: 10118397; Bradbury, Andrew 1; Email Address: amb@lanl.gov; Velappan, Nileena 1; Verzillo, Vittorio 2; Ovecka, Milan 1; Chasteen, Leslie 1; Sblattero, Daniele 3; Marzari, Roberto 3; Lou, Jianlong 4; Siegel, Robert 5; Pavlik, Peter 1; Affiliations: 1: B Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; 3: Dipt Biologia, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy; 4: Dept Anesthesiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA; 5: Mailstop P7-56, Pacific Northwest National Lab, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Jul2003, Vol. 21 Issue 7, p312; Subject Term: Immunoglobulins; Subject Term: Proteomics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00117-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beleggia, M.
AU  - Fazzini, P.F.
AU  - Pozzi, G.
T1  - A Fourier approach to fields and electron optical phase-shifts calculations
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 03043991
AB  - The Fourier method is applied to calculate fields and electron optical phase shifts in specimens having long-range electromagnetic fields, like reverse biased p–n junctions or stripe magnetic domains. It is shown that this approach not only allows to take into account rather easily the effect of the fringing fields protruding in the space around the specimen, but also to obtain solutions to interesting models in analytical form. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - Electron diffraction and elastic scattering theory
KW  - Image simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 9192328; Beleggia, M. 1; Email Address: beleggia@bnl.gov Fazzini, P.F. 2 Pozzi, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics and Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, University of Bologna, Viale B. Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron diffraction and elastic scattering theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image simulation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(02)00402-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
AU  - Doughty, Christine
T1  - A particle-tracking approach to simulating transport in a complex fracture.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 39
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Nearly all of the studies of flow and transport in fractured rocks have assumed that each fracture can be modeled as an open space between two surfaces with constant or variable separation. Field observations of rock fractures have shown that a fracture in the field can be rather more complex. Recent studies indicate that a complex fracture can be characterized as a thin fracture zone having several interconnected subfractures, which can contain mechanically dislodged and chemically altered materials with an enhanced porosity. This paper proposes a particle-tracking approach to calculate solute transport in a complex fracture, with structures in the fracture thickness normal to the fracture plane. These structures include subfractures, dead-end pores, gouge materials, small matrix blocks, and the adjacent rock matrix, all providing material in which solute diffusion and sorption can occur. The method is described; an example is provided to show its feasibility and the reasonableness of its parameter dependence; and, finally, direction for its further development is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fracture and flow
KW  - groundwater hydrology
KW  - transport properties
N1  - Accession Number: 87144096; Tsang, Chin-Fu 1; Doughty, Christine 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 7, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture and flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport properties; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001614
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van der Hoven, Stephen J.
AU  - Solomon, D. Kip
AU  - Moline, Gerilynn R.
T1  - Modeling unsaturated flow and transport in the saprolite of fractured sedimentary rocks: Effects of periodic wetting and drying.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/07//
VL  - 39
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Whereas a number of unsaturated zone modeling studies have been conducted on dual-porosity systems where the matrix has low permeability, few have been conducted on systems where the matrix has relatively high permeability. In humid climates, in situ weathering of bedrock can form saprolite. Saprolite usually has high matrix porosity (and variable permeability) that is a reservoir for solute storage and can have relict fractures that transport solute rapidly. On the basis of a field investigation where natural chemical tracers were monitored at high resolution during storm events, a numerical model was created that simulated variably saturated transport in the saprolite. A series of simulations were performed to explore solute transport during cycles of wetting and drying. Modeling results indicated that the advective flux of solutes from the fractures into the matrix during wetting was greater than from the matrix back into the fractures during drying, resulting in a net storage of solutes in the matrix. We hypothesize that the amount of net solute storage in the matrix may increase as the frequency of wetting/drying cycles increases, up to an optimum frequency. At frequencies higher than the optimum, the amount of solute storage in the matrix may decrease because the system behaves more like a fully saturated system where diffusion is the dominant transport process between fractures and matrix. These conclusions have significant implications for such processes as remedial strategies for contaminants in the unsaturated zone, the application of fertilizers, and quantification of mineral weathering and dissolution rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - dual porosity
KW  - fractures
KW  - oxygen isotopes
KW  - saprolite
KW  - transport modeling
KW  - unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87144092; Van der Hoven, Stephen J. 1; Solomon, D. Kip 2; Moline, Gerilynn R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Illinois State University; 2: University of Utah; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 7, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: dual porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractures; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxygen isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: saprolite; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001926
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paul S. Veers
AU  - Thomas D. Ashwill
AU  - Herbert J. Sutherland
AU  - Daniel L. Laird
AU  - Donald W. Lobitz
AU  - Dayton A. Griffin
AU  - John F. Mandell
AU  - Walter D. Musial
AU  - Kevin Jackson
AU  - Michael Zuteck
AU  - Antonio Miravete
AU  - Stephen W. Tsai
AU  - James L. Richmond
T1  - Trends in the Design, Manufacture and Evaluation of Wind Turbine Blades.
JO  - Wind Energy
JF  - Wind Energy
Y1  - 2003/07//Jul-Sep2003
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 259
SN  - 10954244
AB  - Wind turbine blades continue to be the target of technological improvements by the use of better designs, materials, manufacturing, analysis and testing. As the size of turbines has grown over the past decade, designers have restrained the associated growth in blade weight to less than would have been possible through simple scaling-up of past approaches. These past improvements are briefly summarized. Manufacturing trends and design drivers are presented, as are the ways these design drivers have changed. Issues related to blade material choices are described, first for the currently dominant glass fibre technology and then for the potential use of carbon fibres. Some possible directions for future blade design options are presented, namely new planforms, aerofoils and aeroelastic tailoring. The significant improvement in sophistication of stress analysis and full-scale blade testing are also discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Wind Energy is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Wind turbines
KW  - Technology
KW  - Turbines -- Blades -- Design & construction
KW  - Trends
KW  - Manufactures
KW  - Testing
N1  - Accession Number: 35364814; Paul S. Veers 1; Thomas D. Ashwill 1; Herbert J. Sutherland 1; Daniel L. Laird 1; Donald W. Lobitz 1; Dayton A. Griffin 2; John F. Mandell 3; Walter D. Musial 4; Kevin Jackson 5; Michael Zuteck 6; Antonio Miravete 7; Stephen W. Tsai 8; James L. Richmond 9; Affiliations: 1: Wind Energy Technology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA; 2: Global Energy Concepts, LLC, Kirkland, Washington, USA; 3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA; 4: National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA; 5: Dynamic Design Engineering, Inc, Davis, California, USA; 6: MDZ Consulting, Clear Lake Shores, Texas, USA; 7: Composites Engineering and Applications Center, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; 8: Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; 9: MDEC, Newbury Park, California, USA; Issue Info: Jul-Sep2003, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p245; Thesaurus Term: Wind turbines; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Subject Term: Turbines -- Blades -- Design & construction; Subject Term: Trends; Subject Term: Manufactures; Subject Term: Testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339990 All other miscellaneous manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339999 All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goity, J.L.
AU  - Schat, C.
AU  - Scoccola, N.N.
T1  - Analysis of the <f>[56,2+]</f> baryon masses in the <f>1/Nc</f> expansion
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/07/03/
VL  - 564
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The mass spectrum of the positive parity <f>[56,2+]</f> baryons is studied in the <f>1/Nc</f> expansion up to and including <f>O(1/Nc)</f> effects with <f>SU(3)</f> symmetry breaking implemented to first order. A total of eighteen mass relations result, several of which are tested with the available data. The breaking of spin-flavor symmetry is dominated by the hyperfine interactions, while spin–orbit effects are found to be small. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - HYPERFINE interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 9951930; Goity, J.L. 1,2 Schat, C. 3; Email Address: schat@phy.duke.edu Scoccola, N.N. 4,5,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, USA  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  3: Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA  4: Physics Department, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, (1429) Buenos Aires, Argentina  5: Universidad Favaloro, Solís 453, (1078) Buenos Aires, Argentina  6: ECT, Villa Tambosi, I-38050 Villazzano (Trento), Italy; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 564 Issue 1/2, p83; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: HYPERFINE interactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00700-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dreuw
AU  - A.
AU  - Fleming
AU  - G. R.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
T1  - Charge-Transfer State as a Possible Signature of a Zeaxanthin−Chlorophyll Dimer in the Non-photochemical Quenching Process in Green Plants.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 6500
EP  - 6503
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Quantum chemical calculations of the electronic excited states of a zeaxanthin−chlorophyll dimer show that a zeaxanthin-to-chlorophyll charge-transfer (CT) state lies in the same energy regime as the excited states S1 of zeaxanthin and Qy of chlorophyll, which are relevant for the nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) process in green plants. Comparison with an analogous violaxanthin−chlorophyll dimer is made, and possible quenching mechanisms via excitation energy transfer or electron transfer are discussed. It is pointed out that the strongly allowed absorption of the zeaxanthin radical cation present in the CT state can be experimentally used as signature of the zea−chl dimer during the NPQ process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 20225026; Dreuw A. 1 Fleming G. R. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Chemical Sciences and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 27, p6500; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CATIONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen
AU  - W.
AU  - Joly
AU  - A. G.
AU  - Malm
AU  - J.-O.
AU  - Bovin
AU  - Wang
AU  - S.
T1  - Full-Color Emission and Temperature Dependence of the Luminescence in Poly-P-phenylene ethynylene−ZnS/Mn2+ Composite Particles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 6544
EP  - 6551
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The synthesis of a nanocomposite material composed of anionic poly(phenylene ethynylene) (aPPE) polymer particles and ZnS/Mn2+ nanoparticles is described, and its luminescence properties are investigated. aPPE particles have two emissions, one in the blue (460 nm) and the other in the green (490 nm), that are assigned to the 0−0 transition and an excimer, respectively. ZnS/Mn2+ nanoparticles have an emission at 596 nm that is due to the 4T1−6A1 transition of Mn2+ and an emission at 706 nm that is ascribed to defect-related luminescence. The blue, green, yellow, and red emissions make the composite a potential material for full-color displays. More interestingly, the relative intensities of the different emissions may be varied by changing the excitation energy. Infrared spectra reveal that interactions exist between the two particles; however, photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra as well as observations of luminescence lifetimes indicate that there is negligible energy transfer from the polymer particles to the ZnS/Mn2+ nanoparticles. Temperature studies reveal that the ZnS/Mn2+ particles in the nanocomposite have a significantly reduced thermal quenching energy relative to that of bare ZnS/Mn2+ nanoparticles. In addition, between room temperature and 90 °C, the luminescence of the ZnS/Mn2+ nanoparticles at 596 nm increases in intensity with increasing temperature. This surprising phenomenon is attributed to thermoluminescence and thermal curing of the particle surface upon heating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 20225034; Chen W. 1 Joly A. G. 1 Malm J.-O. 1 Bovin Wang S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nomadics, Inc., 1024 South Innovation Way, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Materials Chemistry, Chemical Center, University of Lund, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 27, p6544; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Annunziata
AU  - O.
AU  - Vergara
AU  - A.
AU  - Paduano
AU  - L.
AU  - Sartorio
AU  - R.
AU  - Miller
AU  - D. G.
AU  - Albright
AU  - J. G.
T1  - Precision of Interferometric Diffusion Coefficients in a Four-Component System Relevant to Protein Crystal Growth:  Lysozyme−Tetra(ethylene glycol)−NaCl−H2O.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 6590
EP  - 6597
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We investigate the precision of Rayleigh interferometry in evaluating the nine mutual diffusion coefficients Dij defining a four-component system by investigating the system lysozyme−tetra(ethylene glycol)−NaCl−H2O. We believe our results to be the most successful experimental determination of diffusion coefficients in quaternary systems. This choice of system is motivated by its relevance to protein crystal growth. The comparison of the Dij coefficients of the quaternary system and the Dij coefficients from the corresponding ternary and binary systems enables us to extract some information about the hydrodynamics and thermodynamics in solutions where protein crystals grow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ETHYLENE glycol
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 20225040; Annunziata O. 1 Vergara A. 1 Paduano L. 1 Sartorio R. 1 Miller D. G. 1 Albright J. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Chemistry Department, University “Federico II” of Naples, via Cinthia 80126 Naples, Italy, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore L-203, California 94550, and Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 27, p6590; Subject Term: ETHYLENE glycol; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haber, Carl
T1  - Introductory Lectures on Tracking Detectors.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/09/
VL  - 674
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
EP  - 75
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Introductory lectures are presented concerning the use of tracking methods in high energy particle and nuclear physics. General performance issues are discussed. The various technologies used to construct tracking detectors are surveyed. Some future directions are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 10388310; Haber, Carl 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 674 Issue 1, p36; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 40p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spieler, Helmuth
T1  - Front-End Electronics and Signal Processing.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/09/
VL  - 674
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
EP  - 100
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Basic elements of front-end electronics and signal processing for radiation detectors are presented. The text covers system components, signal resolution, electronic noise and filtering, digitization, and some common pitfalls in practical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRONIC noise
KW  - SIGNAL processing
N1  - Accession Number: 10388309; Spieler, Helmuth 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physics Division, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 674 Issue 1, p76; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC noise; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butler, Joel N.
T1  - Triggering and Data Acquisition General Considerations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/09/
VL  - 674
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 129
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We provide a general introduction to trigger and data acquisition systems in High Energy Physics. We emphasize the new possibilities and new approaches that have been made possible by developments in computer technology and networking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DIGITAL communications
N1  - Accession Number: 10388308; Butler, Joel N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 674 Issue 1, p101; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604075
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avelino Gomes, Ricardo
T1  - Study of the Neutral Cascade Muon Semi-Leptonic Decay.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/09/
VL  - 674
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 380
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The KTeV experiment at Fermilab gives a good opportunity to investigate the neutral cascade semi-leptonic decays. The study of the Ξ[SUP0] muon semi-leptonic decay, Ξ[SUP0] → ∑[SUP+] μ[SUP-] &νmacr;[SUBμ] has a theoretical motivation to understand the interplay of strong (QCD) and electro-weak interactions. However this decay is suppressed by phase space with only 21 MeV of energy release, making it difficult to collect a large sample of decays. In the present analysis we briefly discuss the theory of the decay, the experimental apparatus of KTeV and the reconstruction steps of the Ξ[SUP0] → ∑[SUP+] μ[SUP-] &νmacr;[SUBμ] decay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10388285; Avelino Gomes, Ricardo 1,2; Email Address: ragomes@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, UNICAMP, CP 6165, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil  2: Hyperon Group, KTeV, Fermilab, PO Box 500, 60510, Batavia, IL; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 674 Issue 1, p377; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604098
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leibovich, Adam K.
AU  - Ligeti, Zoltan
AU  - Wise, Mark B.
T1  - Comment on quark masses in SCET
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/07/10/
VL  - 564
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Quark masses are included in the SCET Lagrangian. Treating the strange quark mass as order <f>ΛQCD</f>, we find that strange quark mass terms are suppressed in <f>SCETI</f>, but are leading order in <f>SCETII</f>. This is relevant for <f>B</f> decays to <f>K&ast;</f> and <f>K</f>. Strange quark mass effects in semileptonic and weak radiative form factors are studied. They give corrections to the form factors that are not suppressed by powers of the bottom quark mass, or, equivalently, by the large recoil energy of the final state meson, and preserve the heavy to light form factor relations that follow from using the leading order current. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 10061179; Leibovich, Adam K. 1,2; Email Address: adam@fnal.gov Ligeti, Zoltan 3; Email Address: zligeti@lbl.gov Wise, Mark B. 4; Email Address: wise@theory.caltech.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA  2: Theory Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 564 Issue 3/4, p231; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00565-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, M.L.
AU  - Bartelt, N.C.
AU  - Swartzentruber, B.S.
T1  - The importance of Pb-vacancy attractions on diffusion in the Pb/Cu(0 0 1) surface alloy
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/07/10/
VL  - 538
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We study the diffusion of Pb atoms embedded in a Cu(0 0 1) surface using atom-tracking scanning tunneling microscopy. By comparing these observations with simulations based on first-principles electronic structure calculations, we deduce that the diffusion occurs by a vacancy-mediated mechanism in which the vacancy is attracted by the embedded Pb atom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - Copper
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Lead
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 10061029; Anderson, M.L. 1 Bartelt, N.C. 2 Swartzentruber, B.S. 1; Email Address: bsswart@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1415, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 538 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00644-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cai, T.
AU  - Song, Z.
AU  - Chang, Z.
AU  - Liu, G.
AU  - Rodriguez, J.A.
AU  - Hrbek, J.
T1  - Ru nanoclusters prepared by Ru3(CO)12 deposition on Au(1 1 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/07/10/
VL  - 538
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The adsorption and decomposition of Ru3(CO)12 on Au(1 1 1) at several substrate temperatures have been investigated by TDS, XPS and STM. The adsorption of Ru3(CO)12 is molecular at 90 K. Heating the surface covered with Ru3(CO)12 leads to the desorption of CO over a wide range of temperatures, which implies the gradual decomposition of the carbonyl molecules. The decarbonylation is complete at around 500 K, leaving metallic Ru on the surface. Carbonyl molecules are partially decomposed after adsorption at room temperature, forming islands of nanosized clusters preferentially located at the elbow sites of the Au(1 1 1) herringbone reconstruction. The remaining CO molecules desorb upon surface heat treatment, which promotes the mobility of the nascent metallic Ru nanoclusters and results in the non-coalescing aggregation of the nanoclusters. A recommended preparation of Ru nanoclusters is to deposit Ru3(CO)12 on gold at a substrate temperature of 500 K. This allows a fine control of Ru nanocluster coverages and lower level of carbon contamination in the deposited layer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM compounds
KW  - CARBON
KW  - and topography
KW  - Gold
KW  - Growth
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Thermal desorption spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10061031; Cai, T. 1 Song, Z. 1 Chang, Z. 1 Liu, G. 1 Rodriguez, J.A. 1 Hrbek, J.; Email Address: hrbek@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 538 Issue 1/2, p76; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM compounds; Subject Term: CARBON; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00694-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fawley, W.M.
T1  - Some issues and subtleties in numerical simulation of X-ray FELs
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Part of the overall design effort for X-ray FELs such as the LCLS and TESLA projects has involved extensive use of particle simulation codes to predict their output performance and underlying sensitivity to various input parameters (e.g. electron beam emittance). This paper discusses some of the numerical issues that must be addressed by simulation codes in this regime. We first give a brief overview of the standard approximations and simulation methods adopted by time-dependent (i.e. polychromatic) codes such as ginger (LBNL Report No. LBNL-49625, 2002), genesis (Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 429 (1999) 243), and fast3d (Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 429 (1999) 233), including the effects of temporal discretization and the resultant limited spectral bandpass, and then discuss the accuracies and inaccuracies of these codes in predicting incoherent spontaneous emission (i.e. the extremely low gain regime). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Numerical FEL simulation
KW  - SASE
KW  - X-ray FEL
N1  - Accession Number: 10367310; Fawley, W.M. 1; Email Address: fawley@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, MS 47-112, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 47-112, Berkeley, CA 94720-8211, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p19; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical FEL simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray FEL; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00827-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Zhirong
AU  - Kim, Kwang-Je
T1  - Spontaneous and amplified radiation at the initial stage of a SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 01689002
AB  - At the initial stage of a self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL), spontaneous undulator radiation in certain experimental configurations can dominate the amplified signal over an extended undulator distance. In this paper we study both the spontaneous and the amplified radiation in the framework of the paraxial wave equation and determine the transition from the dominance of spontaneous emission to exponential amplification. We compare theoretical expectations with SASE simulation codes GINGER and GENESIS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - Self-amplified spontaneous emission
KW  - Spontaneous undulator radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 10367320; Huang, Zhirong; Email Address: zrh@aps.anl.gov Kim, Kwang-Je 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p65; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-amplified spontaneous emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spontaneous undulator radiation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00839-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schroeder, C.B.
AU  - Fawley, W.M.
AU  - Esarey, E.
T1  - Statistical properties of radiation power levels from a high-gain free-electron laser at and beyond saturation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We investigate the statistical properties (e.g., shot-to-shot power fluctuations) of the radiation from a high-gain free-electron laser (FEL) operating in the nonlinear regime. We consider the case of an FEL amplifier reaching saturation whose shot-to-shot fluctuations in input radiation power follow a gamma distribution. We analyze the corresponding output power fluctuations at and beyond saturation, including beam energy spread effects, and find that there are well-characterized values of undulator length for which the fluctuations reach a minimum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - Coherent amplification
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - Photon statistics
N1  - Accession Number: 10367331; Schroeder, C.B. 1 Fawley, W.M.; Email Address: fawley@lbl.gov Esarey, E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Bldg. 71R0259, Berkeley, CA 94720-8211, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p110; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent amplification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon statistics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00850-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nguyen, Dinh C.
AU  - Freund, Henry P.
T1  - Possibility of a high-power, high-gain FEL amplifier
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
SN  - 01689002
AB  - High-gain FEL amplifiers offer many unique advantages such as robust operation without a high-Q optical cavity and potentially high extraction efficiencies with the use of tapered wigglers. Although a high average power, cw FEL amplifier has not been demonstrated, many key physics issues such as electron beam brightness requirements, single-pass gain, saturation, etc. have been resolved. In this paper, we study the feasibility of a high-power FEL based on the high-gain, tapered-wiggler amplifier. We show that with suitable electron beam parameters, a peak output power of 1 GW and a micropulse energy of 8 mJ can be achieved. We also outline a possible configuration of a high-power, high-gain FEL amplifier with energy recovery. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - Energy recovery
KW  - Energy-spread compression
KW  - FEL Amplifier
KW  - High gain
KW  - High-power FEL
KW  - SASE
KW  - Tapered wiggler
N1  - Accession Number: 10367333; Nguyen, Dinh C. 1; Email Address: dcnguyen@lanl.gov Freund, Henry P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H851, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Science Applications International Corporation, 1710 Goodridge Drive, McLean, VA 22102, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p120; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-spread compression; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL Amplifier; Author-Supplied Keyword: High gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-power FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tapered wiggler; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00853-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367333&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sajaev, V.
AU  - Huang, Z.
T1  - Spectral measurements of the second harmonic of the SASE FEL radiation at APS
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 154
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present the <f>z</f>-dependent spectral measurement results for the second harmonic of the SASE FEL radiation before and after saturation. The measurements were performed at the Advanced Photon Source FEL with the fundamental wavelength of 530 nm. The spectral properties of the second harmonic are compared with those of the fundamental and with the theoretical expectations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - Self-amplified spontaneous emission
KW  - Spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 10367343; Sajaev, V.; Email Address: sajaev@aps.anl.gov Huang, Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p154; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-amplified spontaneous emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00861-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367343&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasserman, I.B.
AU  - Sasaki, S.
AU  - Dejus, R.J.
AU  - Makarov, O.A.
AU  - Moog, E.R.
AU  - Trakhtenberg, E.M.
AU  - Vinokurov, N.A.
T1  - Magnetic measurements and tuning of the LCLS prototype undulator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A full-length 30-mm-period prototype undulator segment has been constructed for the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) project. It is a 3.42-m-long planar permanent magnet hybrid device with a fixed gap near 6.35 mm. The magnetic structure was assembled from a set of 500 magnets that were purchased from Shin-Etsu. A subset of the magnets was measured in a Helmholtz coil system to check the accuracy of the vendor''s measurements of the magnetic moments. A specially designed half-period fixture was used for Hall probe measurements of the magnetic field of all the magnet blocks. The magnets were sorted based on the vendor''s data of the total magnetic moment and our measurements of the field integrals. The trajectory calculated from Hall probe measurements of the assembled device was within the specified tolerance (deviation <2 μm in both planes) but showed a trajectory offset and kick at the entrance. A small number of shims was applied to minimize the trajectory offset and kick and to increase the amplitude of the spontaneous radiation. The measured maximum gap taper at the ends of the device and the temperature dependence of the effective magnetic field are also reported. The tuned device met all specified tolerances. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - LCLS
KW  - Magnetic measurement
KW  - Undulator
N1  - Accession Number: 10367352; Vasserman, I.B. 1 Sasaki, S. 1; Email Address: sasaki@aps.anl.gov Dejus, R.J. 1 Makarov, O.A. 1 Moog, E.R. 1 Trakhtenberg, E.M. 1 Vinokurov, N.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p191; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: LCLS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Undulator; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00870-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367352&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shinn, Michelle D.
AU  - Baker, G.R.
AU  - Behre, C.P.
AU  - Benson, S.V.
AU  - Bevins, M.E.
AU  - Dillon-Townes, L.A.
AU  - Dylla, H.F.
AU  - Feldl, E.J.
AU  - Gubeli, J.F.
AU  - Lassiter, R.D.
AU  - Martin, F.D.
AU  - Neil, G.R.
T1  - Design of the Jefferson Lab IR Upgrade FEL optical cavity
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 196
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Jefferson Lab is in the process of upgrading the Free-Electron Laser Facility to provide higher output power as well as broader wavelength and timing flexibility. As part of the upgrade, a new optical cavity is being constructed. Using a near-concentric configuration, it will provide high average power (∼10 kW) output using one of three sets of dielectrically coated mirrors. A fourth mirror set will provide broadband tuning throughout the mid-IR, but at a lower average power of ∼1 kW. The new optical cavity offers unique features such as in vacuo active stabilization of the mirror orientation and deformable high-reflector mirrors. The status of the construction of the optical cavity and a review of its capabilities will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONATORS
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - High average power laser
KW  - Optical resonator
N1  - Accession Number: 10367353; Shinn, Michelle D.; Email Address: shinn@jlab.org Baker, G.R. 1 Behre, C.P. 1 Benson, S.V. 1 Bevins, M.E. 1 Dillon-Townes, L.A. 1 Dylla, H.F. 1 Feldl, E.J. 1 Gubeli, J.F. 1 Lassiter, R.D. 1 Martin, F.D. 1 Neil, G.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p196; Subject Term: RESONATORS; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: High average power laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical resonator; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00873-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367353&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Chae, Y.C.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Berg, W.J.
AU  - Borland, M.
AU  - Biedron, S.G.
AU  - Dejus, R.J.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Kim, K.-J.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Moog, E.R.
AU  - Rule, D.W.
AU  - Sajaev, V.
AU  - Yang, B.X.
T1  - Evidence for transverse dependencies in COTR and microbunching in a SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Using coherent optical transition radiation (COTR) techniques, we have observed transverse dependencies, which in some aspects relate to the electron-beam microbunching in a visible wavelength (540 nm) self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL). The experimental COTR observations include the <f>z</f>-dependent e-beam sizes, the <f>z</f>-dependent angular distributions, and the <f>z</f>-dependent spectra (which show an <f>x</f>-dependence). A 30–40% narrowing of the observed beam size using COTR is explainable by the mechanism''s dependence on the square of the number of microbunched particles. However, additional effects are needed to explain beam size reductions by factors of 2–3 at different <f>z</f> locations. Localized e-beam structure in the gun or induced in the bunch compression process may result in microbunching transverse dependence, and hence the observed COTR effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - OPTICAL transducers
KW  - Coherent optical transition radiation
KW  - Microbunching
KW  - SASE FEL
N1  - Accession Number: 10367354; Lumpkin, A.H.; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov Chae, Y.C. 1 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Berg, W.J. 1 Borland, M. 1 Biedron, S.G. 1 Dejus, R.J. 1 Erdmann, M. 1 Huang, Z. 1 Kim, K.-J. 1 Li, Y. 1 Milton, S.V. 1 Moog, E.R. 1 Rule, D.W. Sajaev, V. 1 Yang, B.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 32, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p200; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: OPTICAL transducers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent optical transition radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE FEL; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00874-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367354&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Biedron, S.G.
AU  - Dejus, R.J.
AU  - Berg, W.J.
AU  - Borland, M.
AU  - Chae, Y.C.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Kim, K.-J.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Moog, E.
AU  - Sajaev, V.
AU  - Yang, B.X.
T1  - Observations of z-dependent microbunching harmonic intensities using COTR in a SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The nonlinear generation of harmonics in a self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser continues to be of interest. Complementary to such studies is the search for information on the electron beam microbunching harmonic components, which are revealed by coherent optical transition radiation experiments. An initial z-dependent set of data has been obtained with the fundamental at 530 nm and the second harmonic at 265 nm. The latter data were collected after every other undulator in a nine-undulator string. These results are compared to estimates based on GINGER and an analytical model for nonlinear harmonic generation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - Coherent optical transition radiation
KW  - Harmonics
KW  - Microbunching
KW  - SASE FEL
N1  - Accession Number: 10367365; Lumpkin, A.H.; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov Biedron, S.G. Dejus, R.J. 1 Berg, W.J. 1 Borland, M. 1 Chae, Y.C. 1 Erdmann, M. 1 Huang, Z. 1 Kim, K.-J. 1 Li, Y. 1 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Milton, S.V. 1 Moog, E. 1 Sajaev, V. 1 Yang, B.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 32, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p246; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent optical transition radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harmonics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE FEL; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00871-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367365&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Russell, Steven J.
T1  - Overview of high-brightness, high-average-current photoinjectors for FELs
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 304
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We are now nearing the end of the second decade since the inaugural photoinjector experiments were carried out at Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1985. The interim period has seen a dramatic increase in the number of photoinjectors in operation around the world, in our physical understanding of their operation, and, consequently, the brightness of their beams. For some time now, photoinjectors have been the solution of choice for electron beam applications requiring very high-quality electron beams, such as free-electron lasers (FELs). In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in high-average-power FELs and, as a result, high-average-current photoinjectors. Here, we present an overview of photoinjector development with particular emphasis on high-average-current devices in FEL applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Electron gun
KW  - FEL
KW  - High average current
KW  - High average power
KW  - Photoinjector
N1  - Accession Number: 10367377; Russell, Steven J. 1; Email Address: srussell@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H851, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p304; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron gun; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: High average current; Author-Supplied Keyword: High average power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoinjector; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00934-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367377&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, X.J.
AU  - Chang, X.Y.
T1  - Femto-seconds kilo-ampere electron beam generation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 310
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Generating femtoseconds electron bunches is critical for X-ray free electron laser, laser accelerators and many other applications. Computer simulation of ultra-short (10–100 fs, rms) kilo-ampere electron bunch production from a photocathode injector are presented in this report. The electron beam is produced by an 8 ps (FWHM) laser from a photocathode RF gun injector operating at the longitudinal emittance compensation mode. The electron beam is compressed continuously in the RF gun, drift space followed the RF gun and energy boost linac operating at 70° off-crest. Simulation shows that, 10 fs (rms) kilo-ampere electron beam can be produce at about 40 MeV with transverse emittance less than 1 mm-mrad. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Bunch compression
KW  - High-brightness
KW  - Injector
N1  - Accession Number: 10367378; Wang, X.J.; Email Address: xwang@bnl.gov Chang, X.Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973 USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p310; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bunch compression; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-brightness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injector; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00935-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367378&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Zhirong
AU  - Borland, Michael
AU  - Emma, Paul
AU  - Kim, Kwang-Je
T1  - Theory and simulation of CSR microbunching in bunch compressors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 318
SN  - 01689002
AB  - CSR microbunching instability in bunch compressors is studied both analytically and numerically. The iterative solutions of the integral equation for the instability provide approximate expressions of CSR microbunching due to initial density and energy modulation, and can be applied to a series of bending systems consisting of multiple compressor chicanes and transport lines. Two similar but independent simulation methods are developed and are compared to each other as well as with theory. We determine the total gain in density modulation for all bend systems of the Linac Coherent Light Source and discuss initial conditions that start the unstable process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - Coherent Synchrotron Radiation
KW  - High-brightness electron beams
KW  - Microbunching instability
N1  - Accession Number: 10367381; Huang, Zhirong 1; Email Address: zrh@aps.anl.gov Borland, Michael 1 Emma, Paul 2 Kim, Kwang-Je 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA 94309, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p318; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent Synchrotron Radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-brightness electron beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching instability; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00937-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367381&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Brau, C.A.
T1  - RF Photoelectric injectors using needle cathodes
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Photocathode RF guns, in various configurations, are the injectors of choice for both current and future applications requiring high-brightness electron beams. Many of these applications, such as single-pass free-electron lasers, require beams with high brilliance but not necessarily high charge per bunch. Field-enhanced photoelectric emission has demonstrated electron-beam current density as high as 1010 A/m2, with a quantum efficiency in the UV that approaches 10% at fields on the order of 1010 V/m. Thus, the use of even a blunt needle holds promise for increasing cathode quantum efficiency without sacrificing robustness. We present an initial study on the use of needle cathodes in photoinjectors to enhance beam brightness while reducing beam charge. Benefits include lower drive-laser power requirements, easier multibunch operation, lower emittance, and lower beam degradation due to charge-dependent effects in the postinjector accelerator. These benefits result from a combination of a smaller cathode emission area, greatly enhanced RF field strength at the cathode, and the charge scaling of detrimental postinjector linac effects, e.g., transverse wakefields and CSR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - ELECTRON gun
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - Electron
KW  - RF photoinjector
KW  - Source
N1  - Accession Number: 10367382; Lewellen, J.W. 1; Email Address: lewellen@aps.anl.gov Brau, C.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 401/B2207, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Box 1807, Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p323; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF photoinjector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00938-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367382&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dowell, D.H.
AU  - Bolton, P.R.
AU  - Clendenin, J.E.
AU  - Emma, P.
AU  - Gierman, S.M.
AU  - Graves, W.S.
AU  - Limborg, C.G.
AU  - Murphy, B.F.
AU  - Schmerge, J.F.
T1  - Slice emittance measurements at the SLAC gun test facility
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A goal of the Gun Test Facility (GTF) at SLAC is to investigate the production of high-brightness electron beams for the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-ray FEL. High brightness in the RF photocathode gun occurs when the time-sliced emittance is nearly the same as the cathode thermal emittance and when the slices are all lined up, i.e., their Twiss parameters are nearly identical. In collaboration with the BNL Source Development Lab (SDL), we have begun a systematic study of the slice emittance at GTF. The technique involves giving the bunch a near linear energy chirp using the booster linac and dispersing it with a magnetic spectrometer. Combined with knowledge of the longitudinal phase space, this establishes the energy–time correlation on the spectrometer screen. The slice emittances are determined by varying the strengths of the quadrupoles in front of the spectrometer. Spectrometer images for a range of quadrupole settings are then binned into small energy/time windows and analysed for the slice emittance and Twiss parameters. Results for various gun parameters are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON gun
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - Free electron lasers
KW  - Photoinjectors
KW  - Slice emittance
KW  - Transverse emittance
N1  - Accession Number: 10367383; Dowell, D.H. 1; Email Address: dowell@slac.stanford.edu Bolton, P.R. 1 Clendenin, J.E. 1 Emma, P. 1 Gierman, S.M. 1 Graves, W.S. 2 Limborg, C.G. 1 Murphy, B.F. 1 Schmerge, J.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Mail Stop 18, 2575 San Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025-7015, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p327; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoinjectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slice emittance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transverse emittance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00939-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367383&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dowell, D.H.
AU  - Bolton, P.R.
AU  - Clendenin, J.E.
AU  - Gierman, S.M.
AU  - Limborg, C.G.
AU  - Murphy, B.F.
AU  - Schmerge, J.F.
AU  - Shaftan, T.
T1  - Longitudinal emittance measurements at the SLAC gun test facility
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Gun Test Facility (GTF) was built to test high-brightness sources for the proposed Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC. The longitudinal emittance has been determined by measuring the energy spectrum after the linac as a function of the linac phase. The phase-space parameters defining the beam pulse width, correlated energy spread, and slice energy spread at the linac entrance (∼5 MeV beam energy) are fit to the measured energy spectra. A large, linear energy–time correlation is observed for bunch charges from 15 to 300 pC. Preliminary Parmela calculations show this correlation results from the strong longitudinal space charge forces in this short 2-ps long bunch. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - Free electron lasers
KW  - Longitudinal emittance
KW  - Photoinjectors
N1  - Accession Number: 10367384; Dowell, D.H. 1; Email Address: dowell@slac.stanford.edu Bolton, P.R. 1 Clendenin, J.E. 1 Gierman, S.M. 1 Limborg, C.G. 1 Murphy, B.F. 1 Schmerge, J.F. 1 Shaftan, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Mail Stop 18 2575, Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025-7015, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p331; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Longitudinal emittance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoinjectors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00940-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367384&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freund, H.P.
AU  - Douglas, D.
AU  - O’Shea, P.G.
T1  - Multiple-beam free-electron lasers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Free-electron Lasers (FELs) have operated over virtually the entire electromagnetic spectrum from microwaves through the ultraviolet and up to average power levels of 2 kW. Advances in injector technology are needed to operate at shorter wavelengths, such as X-rays, or higher average powers. This can be achieved using multiple injectors and combining the beams. Initial simulations of this concept have been applied to the proposed design of the 1.5 A˚ Linac Coherent Light Source. Further studies will be conducted on the limitations of the effects of space-charge and coherent synchrotron radiation on the physics of combining beams. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Free-electron Laser
KW  - Multiple-beams
N1  - Accession Number: 10367397; Freund, H.P. 1; Email Address: freund@mmace.nrl.navy.mil Douglas, D. 2 O’Shea, P.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Science Applications International Corporation, 1710 Goodridge Drive, McLean, VA 22102, USA  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  3: Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p373; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple-beams; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00947-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367397&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doyuran, A.
AU  - Graves, W.
AU  - Heese, R.
AU  - Johnson, E.D.
AU  - Krinsky, S.
AU  - Loos, H.
AU  - Murphy, J.
AU  - Rakowsky, G.
AU  - Rose, J.
AU  - Shaftan, T.
AU  - Sheehy, B.
AU  - Skaritka, J.
AU  - Wang, X.J.
AU  - Yu, L.H.
T1  - Observation of SASE and amplified seed of the DUV-FEL at BNL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Deep Ultra Violet FEL (DUV-FEL) experiment is being commissioned in the Source Development Laboratory at NSLS in Brookhaven National Laboratory. The goal of the project is to produce coherent radiation below 100 nm wavelength using High-Gain Harmonic Generation utilizing a seed laser. As a first step of this experiment, self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) has been achieved at 400 and 266 nm with electron beam energies at 140 and 171.7 MeV. As an intermediate stage of the experiment, direct seeding with the 266 nm laser also has been accomplished. We report the measurements of the SASE and direct seeding. We measure the FEL properties for various electron beam conditions and discuss the performance of the FEL. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Electron
KW  - FEL
KW  - HGHG
KW  - High gain
KW  - Seed laser
N1  - Accession Number: 10367402; Doyuran, A.; Email Address: doyuran@bnl.gov Graves, W. 1 Heese, R. 1 Johnson, E.D. 1 Krinsky, S. 1 Loos, H. 1 Murphy, J. 1 Rakowsky, G. 1 Rose, J. 1 Shaftan, T. 1 Sheehy, B. 1 Skaritka, J. 1 Wang, X.J. 1 Yu, L.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p392; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: HGHG; Author-Supplied Keyword: High gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seed laser; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00951-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367402&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fawley, W.M.
AU  - Barletta, W.A.
AU  - Bocchetta, C.J.
AU  - Bonifacio, R.
T1  - Simulation studies of a possible multi-stage XFEL at ELETTRA
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Presently there is strong interest in developing a fourth-generation light source at VUV and soft X-ray wavelengths at the ELETTRA facility at Trieste. One proposal centers around using the existing linac at <f>1.0 GeV</f> energy with a new photocathode and bunch compression to achieve an output beam at <f>600 A</f> current, <f>2–4 mm mrad</f> normalized emittance and 0.05% instantaneous energy spread. To achieve output radiation in the 10–40-nm-wavelength region, we consider a multi-stage device which is initiated by a coherent seed laser operating at <f>200 nm</f>. We present numerical simulations of various undulator/optical-klystron configurations, seeking to optimize the overall output power level while minimizing the total length of undulator sections needed. Our results suggest that multi-MW instantaneous powers are possible at 10-nm wavelengths. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Harmonic cascade FEL
KW  - MOPA configuration
KW  - VUV/soft X-ray FEL
N1  - Accession Number: 10367403; Fawley, W.M. 1; Email Address: wmfawley@lbl.gov Barletta, W.A. 1 Bocchetta, C.J. 2 Bonifacio, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720-8211, USA  2: Sincrotrone Trieste, S.C.p.A, S.S. 14km, 34012 Trieste, Italy  3: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p396; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harmonic cascade FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOPA configuration; Author-Supplied Keyword: VUV/soft X-ray FEL; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00952-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367403&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Yuelin
AU  - Lewellen, John
AU  - Huang, Zhirong
AU  - Sajaev, Vadim
AU  - Milton, Stephen V.
T1  - Time-resolved measurement of a self-amplified free-electron laser
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report on a time-resolved measurement of self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser (FEL) pulses. We observed that the spikes in such FEL pulses have an intrinsic positive chirp and the energy chirp in the electron bunch mapped directly into the FEL output. The measurement also provides rich information on the statistics of the FEL pulses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - Energy chirp
KW  - Phase measurement
KW  - Self-amplified spontaneous emission
KW  - Statistic analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10367409; Li, Yuelin; Email Address: ylli@aps.anl.gov Lewellen, John 1 Huang, Zhirong 1 Sajaev, Vadim 1 Milton, Stephen V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg 401, Rm B2196, Argonne, IL 604439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p413; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy chirp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-amplified spontaneous emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistic analysis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00956-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367409&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murokh, A.
AU  - Agustsson, R.
AU  - Babzien, M.
AU  - Ben-Zvi, I.
AU  - Bertolini, L.
AU  - van Bibber, K.
AU  - Carr, R.
AU  - Cornacchia, M.
AU  - Frigola, P.
AU  - Hill, J.
AU  - Johnson, E.
AU  - Klaisner, L.
AU  - Le Sage, G.
AU  - Libkind, M.
AU  - Malone, R.
AU  - Nuhn, H.-D.
AU  - Pellegrini, C.
AU  - Reiche, S.
AU  - Rakowsky, G.
AU  - Rosenzweig, J.
T1  - Results of the VISA SASE FEL experiment at 840 nm
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
SN  - 01689002
AB  - VISA (Visible to Infrared SASE Amplifier) is a high-gain self-amplified spontaneous emission FEL, which achieved saturation at 840 nm within a single-pass 4-m undulator. A gain length shorter than 18 cm has been obtained, yielding the gain of 2×108 at saturation. The FEL performance, including spectral, angular, and statistical properties of SASE radiation, has been characterized for different electron beam conditions. The results are compared to 3-D SASE FEL theory and start-to-end numerical simulations of the entire injector, transport, and FEL system. Detailed agreement between simulations and experimental results is obtained over the wide range of the electron beam parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
N1  - Accession Number: 10367410; Murokh, A. 1; Email Address: murokh@physics.ucla.edu Agustsson, R. 1 Babzien, M. 2 Ben-Zvi, I. 2 Bertolini, L. 3 van Bibber, K. 3 Carr, R. 4 Cornacchia, M. 4 Frigola, P. 1 Hill, J. 3 Johnson, E. 2 Klaisner, L. 4 Le Sage, G. 3 Libkind, M. 3 Malone, R. 2 Nuhn, H.-D. 4 Pellegrini, C. 1 Reiche, S. 1 Rakowsky, G. 2 Rosenzweig, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA 94309, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p417; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00957-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petra, M.
AU  - Den Hartog, P.K.
AU  - Moog, E.R.
AU  - Sasaki, S.
AU  - Sereno, N.
AU  - Vasserman, I.B.
T1  - Radiation effects studies at the Advanced Photon Source
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 422
SN  - 01689002
AB  - At the Advanced Photon Source (APS) concern for radiation-induced demagnetization of the insertion devices (IDs) in the storage ring and in the free-electron laser has prompted systematic radiation effects studies towards the development of efficient techniques for ID protection. The studies include radiation dose monitoring, investigation of the factors that could lead to ID demagnetization at the APS, as well as, potentially, a dedicated radiation effects testbed at the APS providing GeV electron beams. Such studies could also be directly applicable to future generation facilities, such as the Linac Coherent Light Source. Results and discussion of the radiation damage studies at the APS are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - Permanent magnets
KW  - Radiation effects
KW  - Wiggler magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 10367412; Petra, M.; Email Address: petra@aps.anl.gov Den Hartog, P.K. 1 Moog, E.R. 1 Sasaki, S. 1 Sereno, N. 1 Vasserman, I.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p422; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permanent magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wiggler magnets; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00958-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367412&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tremaine, A.
AU  - Wang, X.J.
AU  - Babzien, M.
AU  - Ben-Zvi, I.
AU  - Cornacchia, M.
AU  - Malone, R.
AU  - Murokh, A.
AU  - Nuhn, H.-D.
AU  - Pellegrini, C.
AU  - Reiche, S.
AU  - Rosenzweig, J.
AU  - Skaritka, J.
AU  - Yakimenko, V.
T1  - Measurements of nonlinear harmonic radiation and harmonic microbunching in a visible SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The experimental characterization of nonlinear harmonic generation (NHG) and electron beam microbunching at saturation from a visible SASE FEL are presented in this report. The gain lengths, spectra and energies of NHG were experimentally measured up to the third harmonic, and agree with theoretical predictions. Electron beam microbunching in both the fundamental and the second harmonic as the function of the SASE output were experimentally observed over the full range of SASE gain. The bunching factors for both the fundamental (<f>b1</f>) and second harmonic (<f>b2</f>) were experimentally characterized at saturation. The microbunching data provides another test of SASE saturation as well as correlating the NHG and electron beam microbunching modes to the fundamental SASE. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - Harmonic
KW  - Microbunching
KW  - Nonlinear
KW  - Saturation
N1  - Accession Number: 10367418; Tremaine, A. 1; Email Address: tremaine@llnl.gov Wang, X.J. 2 Babzien, M. 2 Ben-Zvi, I. 2 Cornacchia, M. 3 Malone, R. 2 Murokh, A. 4 Nuhn, H.-D. 3 Pellegrini, C. 4 Reiche, S. 4 Rosenzweig, J. 4 Skaritka, J. 2 Yakimenko, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA 94309, USA  4: University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p445; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Author-Supplied Keyword: Harmonic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00963-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367418&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xie, Ming
T1  - High gain free electron lasers driven by flat electron beam
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 450
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A variational solution of the fundamental eigenmode is presented for high gain free electron lasers driven by flat electron beam having unequal emittances, betatron focusings and beam sizes in two transverse planes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Elliptical beam
KW  - Flat beam
KW  - High gain free electron laser
N1  - Accession Number: 10367420; Xie, Ming 1; Email Address: mingxie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 71-259, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p450; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elliptical beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flat beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: High gain free electron laser; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00964-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367420&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, Li Hua
AU  - Wu, Juhao
T1  - Simulations for the FERMI@ELETTRA proposal to generate 40- and 10-nm coherent radiation using the HGHG scheme
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present the results of simulations for a free-electron laser system designed and based on upgraded parameters for the 1.0-GeV LINAC, that in its present form is located at the third-generation synchrotron radiation facility ELETTRA in Trieste, Italy. The calculation is carried out for two of the three beam lines of the project. For the first beam line, the system is based on the HGHG scheme to generate 40-nm coherent radiation by a 200-nm seed laser. For the second beam line we consider cascading the HGHG scheme twice to generate 10-nm radiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 10367421; Yu, Li Hua; Email Address: lhyu@bnl.gov Wu, Juhao 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, ATF, Bldg 725C, NSLS, Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p455; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00965-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Yuhong
AU  - Derbenev, Yaroslav
AU  - Li, Rui
T1  - Image charge undulator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A relativistic electron beam moving close to periodic grating surfaces may undergo undulating motion due to its image charge wakefields. This motion can be a mechanism for producing hard incoherent or coherent radiation. A new device, an image charge undulator, is proposed to realize this mechanism. We demonstrate the physics principle of this device by a two-dimensional model with an infinitely long uniform sheet current. The new undulator could be employed for constructing a single-pass, high-intensity, compact-size and ultra-short-wavelength light source. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - DIFFRACTION gratings
N1  - Accession Number: 10367422; Zhang, Yuhong; Email Address: yzhang@jlab.org Derbenev, Yaroslav 1 Li, Rui 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Studies of Accelerators, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Ave., Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p459; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: DIFFRACTION gratings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00966-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuba, Jaroslav
AU  - Wootton, Alan
AU  - Bionta, Richard M.
AU  - Shepherd, Ronnie
AU  - Fill, Ernst E.
AU  - Ditmire, Todd
AU  - Dyer, Gilliss
AU  - London, Richard A.
AU  - Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N.
AU  - Dunn, James
AU  - Booth, Rex
AU  - Bajt, Saša
AU  - Smith, Raymond F.
AU  - Feit, Michael D.
AU  - Levesque, Rick
AU  - McKernan, Mark
T1  - X-ray optics research for free electron lasers: study of material damage under extreme fluxes
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Free electron lasers operating in the 0.1–1.5 nm wavelength range have been proposed for the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (USA) and DESY (Germany). The unprecedented brightness and associated fluence (up to 30 J cm−2) predicted for pulses <300 fs pose new challenges for optical components. A criterion for optical component design is required, implying an understanding of X-ray—material interactions at these extreme conditions. In our experimental effort, the extreme conditions are simulated by the currently available sources ranging from optical lasers, through X-ray lasers (XRLs) at 14.7 nm down to K-alpha sources (∼0.15 nm). In this paper, we present an overview of our research project on X-ray—matter interaction, including both computer modeling and preliminary results from optical laser experiments, the COMET tabletop high brightness ps XRL and a K-alpha experimental campaign carried out at the JanUSP laser facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - X-rays
KW  - FEL
KW  - Linac coherent light source
KW  - X-ray laser
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - X-ray sources
KW  - X-ray—matter interaction
N1  - Accession Number: 10367426; Kuba, Jaroslav 1; Email Address: kuba@llnl.gov Wootton, Alan 1 Bionta, Richard M. 1 Shepherd, Ronnie 1 Fill, Ernst E. 2 Ditmire, Todd 3 Dyer, Gilliss 3 London, Richard A. 1 Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N. 1 Dunn, James 1 Booth, Rex 1 Bajt, Saša 1 Smith, Raymond F. 1 Feit, Michael D. 1 Levesque, Rick 1 McKernan, Mark 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-251, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany  3: Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p475; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linac coherent light source; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray—matter interaction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00899-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367426&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neumann, J.G.
AU  - O’Shea, P.G.
AU  - Demske, D.
AU  - Graves, W.S.
AU  - Sheehy, B.
AU  - Loos, H.
AU  - Carr, G.L.
T1  - Electron beam modulation using a laser-driven photocathode
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 498
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Coherent synchrotron radiation may lead to a microwave instability on an electron bunch at wavelengths much smaller than the bunch length. It is possible that ripples (prebunching) on the electron bunch distribution may seed this instability. We report on research exploring this effect using a longitudinally modulated drive laser to generate a modulated electron beam. Our first step is to develop simulations that will help us study the beam generation process using PARMELA. Preliminary experiments on laser beam and electron beam modulation, conducted at the Source Development Laboratory at the National Synchrotron Light Source, show modulation at frequencies in the terahertz regime is attainable. Longitudinal prebunching may enhance the performance of FEL or other radiative devices in the terahertz regime. Alternatively, longitudinal control over the electron beam might be an effective method of suppressing coherent synchrotron radiation instabilities that cause beam break-up. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - Electron beam modulation
KW  - Free-electron devices
KW  - Prebunching
N1  - Accession Number: 10367432; Neumann, J.G. 1; Email Address: neumann@glue.umd.edu O’Shea, P.G. 1 Demske, D. 1 Graves, W.S. 1 Sheehy, B. 2 Loos, H. 2 Carr, G.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  2: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p498; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam modulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prebunching; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00904-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rocca, J.J.
AU  - Filevich, J.
AU  - Hammarsten, E.C.
AU  - Jankowska, E.
AU  - Benware, B.
AU  - Marconi, M.C.
AU  - Luther, B.
AU  - Vinogradov, A.
AU  - Artiukov, I.
AU  - Moon, S.
AU  - Shlyaptsev, V.N.
T1  - Extremely compact soft X-ray lasers based on capillary discharges
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Extremely compact high repetition rate soft X-ray lasers based on capillary discharge excitation have demonstrated average powers of a few milliWatt at 46.9 nm, milli-Joule-level pulse energy, peak spectral brightness several orders of magnitude larger than third-generation synchrotron beam lines, and excellent spatial coherence. Examples of the use of a capillary discharge soft X-ray laser in dense plasma diagnostics and laser ablation of materials are summarized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - 52.65.Kj
KW  - Capillary discharge
KW  - Soft X-ray applications
KW  - Soft X-ray interferometry
N1  - Accession Number: 10367437; Rocca, J.J. 1; Email Address: rocca@engr.colostate.edu Filevich, J. 1 Hammarsten, E.C. 1 Jankowska, E. 1 Benware, B. 1 Marconi, M.C. 1 Luther, B. 1 Vinogradov, A. 2 Artiukov, I. 2 Moon, S. 3 Shlyaptsev, V.N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Research Center, Colorado State University, 1320 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1320, USA  2: Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  4: University of California at Davis, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p515; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.65.Kj; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary discharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray interferometry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00908-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367437&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neil, George R.
AU  - Carr, G.L.
AU  - Gubeli III, Joseph F.
AU  - Jordan, K.
AU  - Martin, Michael C.
AU  - McKinney, Wayne R.
AU  - Shinn, Michelle
AU  - Tani, Masahiko
AU  - Williams, G.P.
AU  - Zhang, X.-C.
T1  - Production of high power femtosecond terahertz radiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/11/
VL  - 507
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The terahertz (THz) region of the electromagnetic spectrum is attracting interest for a broad range of applications ranging from diagnosing electron beams to biological imaging. Most sources of short pulse THz radiation utilize excitation of biased semiconductors or electro-optic crystals by high peak power lasers. For example, this was done by using an un-doped InAs wafer irradiated by a femtosecond free-electron laser (FEL) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. Microwatt levels of THz radiation were detected when excited with FEL pulses at 1.06 μm wavelength and 10 W average power. Recently substantially higher powers of femtosecond THz pulses produced by synchrotron emission were extracted from the electron beamline. Calculations and measurements confirm the production of coherent broadband THz radiation from relativistic electrons with an average power of nearly 20 W, a world record in this wavelength range by a factor of 10,000. We describe the source, presenting theoretical calculations and their experimental verification. Potential applications of this exciting new source include driving new non-linear phenomena, performing pump-probe studies of dynamical properties of novel materials, and studying molecular vibrations and rotations, low frequency protein motions, phonons, superconductor bandgaps, electronic scattering, collective electronic excitations (e.g., charge density waves), and spintronics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - Linac
KW  - Recirculation
KW  - THz
N1  - Accession Number: 10367441; Neil, George R. 1; Email Address: neil@jlab.org Carr, G.L. 2 Gubeli III, Joseph F. 1 Jordan, K. 1 Martin, Michael C. 3 McKinney, Wayne R. 3 Shinn, Michelle 1 Tani, Masahiko 4 Williams, G.P. 1 Zhang, X.-C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue MS 6a, Newport News, VA 23606 USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Research Center for Superconductor Photonics, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoko, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan  5: Physics Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 1/2, p537; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linac; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recirculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: THz; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00913-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10367441&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorbunova, Maryna G.
AU  - Bonnesen, Peter V.
AU  - Engle, Nancy L.
AU  - Bazelaire, Eve
AU  - Delmau, Lætitia H.
AU  - Moyer, Bruce A.
T1  - New amino-functionalized 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene bis- and mono-(benzo-crown-6 ethers) for pH-switched cesium nitrate extraction
JO  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
JF  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/07/14/
VL  - 44
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 5397
SN  - 00404039
AB  - Four calix[4]arene benzo-crown-6 ethers functionalized with primary amine groups in various positions have been synthesized. The cesium extraction behavior under alkaline and acidic conditions has been measured for these compounds and compared with that of non-amine containing analogs. Extraction strength when the amine group is neutral is not affected by the amino substituent, but protonation causes a marked decrease in extraction strength, permitting pH-switched back-extraction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - PROTON transfer reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 10058816; Gorbunova, Maryna G. 1 Bonnesen, Peter V.; Email Address: bonnesenpv@ornl.gov Engle, Nancy L. 1 Bazelaire, Eve 1 Delmau, Lætitia H. 1 Moyer, Bruce A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Mail Stop 6119, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 44 Issue 29, p5397; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Subject Term: PROTON transfer reactions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-4039(03)01310-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siriwardane, R.V.
AU  - Poston Jr., J.A.
AU  - Fisher, E.P.
AU  - Lee, T.H.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Characterization of ceramic-metal composite hydrogen separation membranes consisting of barium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide and palladium
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 217
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Cermet (ceramic-metal composite) hydrogen separation membranes consisting of barium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide and palladium were characterized by utilizing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Characterization was performed at room temperature and 650 °C, and after exposure to hydrogen. Changes in both elemental composition and oxidation states were observed at elevated temperatures and as a function of time. Permeation of hydrogen through the membranes also changed with time and temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMIC to metal bonding
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - Ceramic membranes
KW  - High temperature membranes
KW  - Hydrogen separation membranes
KW  - Surface characterization of membranes
N1  - Accession Number: 10119275; Siriwardane, R.V. 1; Email Address: ranjani.siriwardane@netl.doe.gov Poston Jr., J.A. 1 Fisher, E.P. 1 Lee, T.H. 2 Dorris, S.E. 2 Balachandran, U. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 217 Issue 1-4, p43; Subject Term: CERAMIC to metal bonding; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramic membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen separation membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface characterization of membranes; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00562-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Dongmei
AU  - Cherrak, Djamel E.
AU  - Kaczmarski, Krzysztof
AU  - Cavazzini, Alberto
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Prediction of the band profiles of the mixtures of the 1-indanol enantiomers from data acquired with the single racemic mixture
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 58
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3257
SN  - 00092509
AB  - The adsorption isotherm data of R- and S-1-indanol and of their racemic mixture on cellulose tribenzoate were measured by frontal analysis. These data were then fitted to the Langmuir, the Bilangmuir, the Toth, and the Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm models. The single component data fitted well to both the Bilangmuir and the Toth models. Combined with the lumped pore diffusion model (POR) of chromatography, these isotherms were used to calculate overloaded elution profiles of the pure enantiomers. The calculated and the experimental profiles agree excellently in all cases if the former are derived from the Bilangmuir model. The competitive experimental data also gave excellent agreement with the Bilangmuir model. The simultaneous fit of all the data, for the single components and the racemic mixture, gave again superior agreement with the bilangmuir model. The overloaded elution profiles of samples of the racemic mixture calculated with the Bilangmuir isotherm model combined with the POR model of chromatography gave results in very good agreement with the experimental band profiles of large samples of the racemic mixture. This confirms that in numerous cases the whole set of competitive isotherms of two enantiomers can be derived from the experimental data obtained only with the racemic mixture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - 1-indanol
KW  - Enantiomeric separations
KW  - Equilibrium isotherm
KW  - Kinetic studies
KW  - Lumped pore diffusion model
N1  - Accession Number: 10276572; Zhou, Dongmei 1,2 Cherrak, Djamel E. 1,2 Kaczmarski, Krzysztof 1,2 Cavazzini, Alberto 1,2 Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Division of Chemical and Analytical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 58 Issue 14, p3257; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1-indanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enantiomeric separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equilibrium isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lumped pore diffusion model; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2509(03)00171-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, A.N.
AU  - Morton III, S.A.
AU  - Counce, R.M.
AU  - DePaoli, D.W.
AU  - Hu, M.Z.-C.
T1  - Ionic strength effects on hexadecane contact angles on a gold-coated glass surface in ionic surfactant solutions
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 221
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
SN  - 09277757
AB  - As aqueous surfactant cleaning becomes increasingly prevalent in industry, an understanding behind surfactant cleaning behavior is needed to improve the systems. Improvements in these aqueous surfactant solution systems can reduce the impact of the industrial cleaning systems on the environment and improve their efficiency. Studying various parameters of the cleaning systems can provide useful insight into surfactant behavior. The contact angle of the soil to the solid surface is strongly related to cleaning system performance and is a relatively simple parameter to measure. For this study, a simplified cleaning system was studied to investigate the effects of modifications to the surfactant system. The contact angle of hexadecane on a gold-coated glass surface in aqueous surfactant solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) were determined up to and above the critical micelle concentrations. The effects of modifying the ionic strength of the aqueous surfactant solution by the addition of sodium chloride (NaCl) have been studied. Similar trends in contact angle behavior of the oil droplet to the gold-coated surface were found for both the anionic (SDS) and cationic (CTAB) surfactant systems. The addition of NaCl to the aqueous surfactant systems resulted in a significant increase in the contact angles over the surfactants concentration ranges. The increasing trend in the contact angles was observed for NaCl concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 mM, while little effect was noted for the higher NaCl concentrations. The observed effect is consistent with literature on electrostatic-charge-induced changes in surfactant adsorption at the solid surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLEANING
KW  - AMMONIUM
KW  - Aqueous cleaning
KW  - Contact angle
KW  - Gold surface
KW  - Ionic strength
KW  - Surfactant
N1  - Accession Number: 10118512; Davis, A.N. 1 Morton III, S.A. 1 Counce, R.M. 1; Email Address: counce@utux1.utk.edu DePaoli, D.W. 2 Hu, M.Z.-C. 2; Affiliation:  1: The University of Tennessee, 419 Dougherty Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 2200, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Seperation and Materials Research Group, Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 221 Issue 1-3, p69; Subject Term: CLEANING; Subject Term: AMMONIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous cleaning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561720 Janitorial Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-7757(03)00132-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKone, T.E.
AU  - Bennett, D.H.
T1  - Chemical-Specific Representation of Air-Soil Exchange and Soil Penetration in Regional Multimedia Models.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3123
EP  - 3132
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - In multimedia mass-balance models, the soil compartment is an important sink as well as a conduit for transfers to vegetation and shallow groundwater. Here a novel approach for constructing soil transport algorithms for multimedia fate models is developed and evaluated. The resulting algorithms account for diffusion in gas and liquid components; advection in gas, liquid, or solid phases; and multiple transformation processes. They also provide an explicit quantification of the characteristic soil penetration depth. We construct a compartment model using three and four soil layers to replicate with high reliability the flux and mass distribution obtained from the exact analytical solution describing the transient dispersion, advection, and transformation of chemicals in soil layers with different properties but a fixed boundary condition at the air-soil surface. The soil compartment algorithms can be dynamically linked to other compartments (air, vegetation, groundwater, surface water)in multimedia fate models. We demonstrate and evaluate the performance of the algorithms in a model with applications to benzene, benzo[a]pyrene, MTBE, TCDD, and tritium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil penetration test
KW  - Mass budget (Geophysics)
KW  - Cross-media pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 10815262; McKone, T.E. 1,2; Email Address: TEMcKone@LBL.gov; Bennett, D.H. 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California; 2: School of Public Health, University of California; 3: Harvard School of Public Health, Massachusetts; Issue Info: 7/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 14, p3123; Thesaurus Term: Soil penetration test; Thesaurus Term: Mass budget (Geophysics); Thesaurus Term: Cross-media pollution; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keller, Jason M.
AU  - Brusseau, Mark L.
T1  - In-Situ Characterization of Soil-Water Content Using Gas-Phase Partitioning Tracer Tests: Field-Scale Evaluation.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3141
EP  - 3144
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Field-scale tests were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the gas-phase partitioning tracer method for in-situ measurement of soil-water content. The tracer tests were conducted before and after a controlled infiltration event to evaluate performance at two water contents. Nonpartitioning (sulfur hexafluoride) and waterpartitioning (difluoromethane) tracers were injected into the test zone, and their effluent breakthrough curves were analyzed using the method of moments to calculate retardation factors for difluoromethane. Soil-water contents estimated using the tracer data were compared to soilwater contents obtained independently using gravimetric core analysis, neutron scattering, and bore-hole ground penetrating radar. For the test conducted under drier soil conditions, the soil-water content estimated from the tracer test was identical to the independently measured values of 8.6% (equivalent to water saturation of 23%). For the test conducted under wetter soil conditions, the tracer test derived soil-water content was 81% of the independently measured values of 12.2% (equivalent to water saturation of 32%). The reduced efficacy at the higher soil-water content may reflect the impact of advective and/ or diffusive mass transfer constraints on gas-phase transport. The results presented herein indicate that the partitioning tracer method is an effective technique to measure soil-water content at the field scale, especially for sites with moderate to low soil-water contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Soil testing
N1  - Accession Number: 10815264; Keller, Jason M. 1,2; Brusseau, Mark L. 1,3; Email Address: brusseau@ag.arizona.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Soil, Water, & Environmental Science, The University of Arizona; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, WA; 3: Department of Hydrology & Water Resources, The University of Arizona; Issue Info: 7/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 14, p3141; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Thesaurus Term: Soil testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abt, I.
AU  - Abyzov, A.
AU  - Adams, M.
AU  - Albrecht, H.
AU  - Amaral, V.
AU  - Amorim, A.
AU  - J.#Aplin, S.
AU  - Arefiev, A.
AU  - Ariño, I.
AU  - Atiya, M.
AU  - Aushev, V.
AU  - Bagaturia, Y.
AU  - Baghshetsyan, R.
AU  - Balagura, V.
AU  - Bargiotti, M.
AU  - Barsuk, S.
AU  - Barsukova, 0.
AU  - Bastos, V.
AU  - Bauer, Th.S.
AU  - Beck, M.
T1  - Inclusive V production cross sections from 920 GeV fixed target proton-nucleus collisions.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 190
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Inclusive differential cross sections dσpA/dxF and dσpA/dpt² for the production of KS0, Λ, and Λ particles are measured at HERA in proton-induced reactions on C, Al, Ti, and W targets. The incident beam energy is 920 GeV, corresponding to √s = 41.6 GeV in the proton-nucleon system. The ratios of differential cross sections dσpA(KS0)/dσpA(Λ) and dσpA(Λ)/dσpA(Λ) are measured to be 6.2 ± 0.5 and 0.66 ± 0.07, respectively, for xF ≈ -0.06. No significant dependence upon the target material is observed. Within errors, the slopes of the transverse momentum distributions dσpA/dpt² also show no significant dependence upon the target material. The dependence of the extrapolated total cross sections σpA on the atomic mass A of the target material is discussed, and the deduced cross sections per nucleon σpN are compared with results obtained at other energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTON-proton interactions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15179731; Abt, I. 1 Abyzov, A. 2 Adams, M. 3 Albrecht, H. 4 Amaral, V. 5 Amorim, A. 5 J.#Aplin, S. 4 Arefiev, A. 6 Ariño, I. 7 Atiya, M. 8 Aushev, V. 9 Bagaturia, Y. 4,10 Baghshetsyan, R. 4,11 Balagura, V. 6 Bargiotti, M. 12 Barsuk, S. 6 Barsukova, 0. 2 Bastos, V. 5 Bauer, Th.S. 13,14 Beck, M. 15; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Werner-H eisenberg-Institut, 80805 München, Germany  2: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia  3: Institut für Physik, Universitãt Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany  4: DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany  5: LIP Coimbra and Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugald  6: Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117259 Moscow, Russia  7: Department ECM, Faculty of Physics, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain  8: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  9: Institute for Nuclear Research, Ukrainian Academy of Science, 03680 Kiev, Ukraine  10: visitor from High Energy Physics Institute, 380086 Tbilisi, Georgia  11: visitor from Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia  12: Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Università di Bologna and INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy  13: Universiteit Utrecht/NIKHEF, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands  14: NIKHEF, 1009 DB Amsterdam, The Netherlands  15: Fachbereich Physik, Universität Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p181; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTON-proton interactions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2003-01200-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Susskind, Herbert
AU  - Hymowitz, Michelle H.
AU  - Lau, Yat Hong
AU  - Atkins, Harold L.
AU  - Hurewitz, Adam N.
AU  - Valentine, Edward S.
AU  - Meek, Allen G.
AU  - Zucker, Stanley
T1  - Increased plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in lung and breast cancer are altered during chest radiotherapy
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 56
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1161
SN  - 03603016
AB  - : PurposeDoes the release of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) by radiation-activated airway epithelial cells and infiltrating inflammatory cells play a role in the radiation damage or repair process in the lungs? We evaluated lung damage by ionizing radiation using plasma levels of MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and MMP-3 as biologic markers of tissue damage, and also their relationship to changes in pulmonary epithelial permeability, clinical signs and symptoms, and lung structural changes.: Methods and materialsSeven serial studies were conducted in each of 8 patients undergoing chest radiotherapy (RT) for lung or breast cancer, beginning before the first treatment (baseline) and then biweekly to ∼100 days during and after RT. Chest radiographs were monitored for each patient. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA) were used to measure plasma MMP-3, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels. Lung permeability was evaluated by measuring the rate of epithelial clearance of ∼150 μCi (∼5.6 MBq) inhaled 99mTc diethylenetriamine pentaacetate aerosol (DTPA).: ResultsLung and breast cancer resulted in very high plasma levels of MMP-9 (126–893 ng/mL) and TIMP-1 (496–8,985 ng/mL) in all subjects studied before initiation of RT. This compares with plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 values in healthy volunteers of 29 ± 11 ng/mL and 436 ± 86 ng/mL, respectively. RT was followed by a sharp decrease in plasma MMP-9 within the first 2 weeks, but without a corresponding change in TIMP-1. In contrast, plasma MMP-3 levels, which are generally increased with inflammation, were elevated in only 1 of 5 subjects.: ConclusionLung and breast cancer are associated with high plasma levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1. These high baseline plasma levels of MMP-9 were reduced in the first 2 weeks of RT in 7 of 8 subjects, and TIMP-1 plasma levels remained high in all subjects. The decrease in plasma MMP-9 after initiation of chest RT appears to reflect a suppressive effect on cancer-induced cellular responses rather than a primary role for MMP-9 in radiation-induced lung damage. Likewise, the lack of a rise in plasma MMP-3 levels does not support a role for MMP-3 in tissue injury or repair in the lung. It remains to be determined whether plasma MMP-9 measurements will serve as a useful parameter in predicting cancer relapse. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLOPROTEINASES
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - 99mTc DTPA
KW  - Lung clearance
KW  - Matrix metalloproteinase
KW  - Radiation pneumonitis
KW  - Radiation-induced lung injury
KW  - Radiotherapy
N1  - Accession Number: 10063078; Susskind, Herbert 1; Email Address: Hssusski@optonline.net Hymowitz, Michelle H. 2 Lau, Yat Hong 3 Atkins, Harold L. 1 Hurewitz, Adam N. 3 Valentine, Edward S. 3 Meek, Allen G. 3 Zucker, Stanley 2; Affiliation:  1: Clinical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY,USA  2: Departments of Medicine and Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY,USA  3: Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY,USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 56 Issue 4, p1161; Subject Term: METALLOPROTEINASES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Author-Supplied Keyword: 99mTc DTPA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lung clearance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix metalloproteinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation pneumonitis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation-induced lung injury; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiotherapy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3016(03)00161-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Monteiro, O. R.
AU  - Delplancke-Ogletree, M.-P.
AU  - Klepper, C. C.
T1  - Boron carbide coatings prepared by cathodic arc deposition.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3117
EP  - 3120
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Boron carbide films are attractive materials for use as tribologcal coatings for low and high operating temperatures, especially for applications that require high hardness. The properties of boron carbide films prepared by cathodic arc using a heated B4C cathode are investigated. The B:C ratio in the film was about 3, and the only detected impurity was oxygen with a content below 5%. The effect of substrate bias on the film characteristics was studied. A direct correlation between hardness and elastic modulus and bias voltage applied to the substrate was observed for bias voltages in the interval of 0–500 V. Microstructure and chemistry of the films were investigated using X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBIDES
KW  - BOROCARBIDE superconductors
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 16623137; Monteiro, O. R. 1; Email Address: ormonteiro@lbl.gov Delplancke-Ogletree, M.-P. 2 Klepper, C. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Industrial Chemistry, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium  3: HY-Tech Research Corporation, 104 Centre Court, Radford, VA 24141, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 38 Issue 14, p3117; Subject Term: CARBIDES; Subject Term: BOROCARBIDE superconductors; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Benjamin T.
AU  - Muller, Susan J.
AU  - Denn, Morton M.
T1  - Interactions of two rigid spheres translating collinearly in creeping flow in a Bingham material
JO  - Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
JF  - Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 113
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 03770257
AB  - The interactions of two identical rigid spheres of radius R translating in a Bingham material in creeping flow along their line of centers are calculated at various sphere separations using the finite element method. The yield surfaces are determined by an extrapolation using a regularized constitutive model. Two spheres falling in a line interact at separations greater than that corresponding to the superposition of yield surfaces for isolated spheres falling in an unbounded medium. Three distinct regimes are identified: for <F>L/R>5.5</F>, the spheres move in separate yield envelopes; for <F>4<L/R<5.5</F>, the spheres fall in a single coalesced envelope in which at least part of the region between the spheres is yielded; for <F>L/R<4</F> the spheres fall in a coalesced envelope and are connected by an unyielded plug. Drag reduction of up to 30% relative to the single-sphere case is observed as the sphere separation is decreased. The yield surfaces for two approaching spheres show a shorter range of interaction compared to the case of two falling spheres; a very slight drag reduction relative to the single-sphere case is observed for two approaching spheres. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-electron interactions
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - Bingham material
KW  - Particle interactions
KW  - Regularization
KW  - Viscoplasticity
KW  - Yield stress
N1  - Accession Number: 10426376; Liu, Benjamin T. 1,2 Muller, Susan J. 1,2; Email Address: muller2@socrates.berkeley.edu Denn, Morton M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  3: The Benjamin Levich Institute for Physico-Chemical Hydrodynamics and Department of Chemical Engineering, City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 113 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: ELECTRON-electron interactions; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bingham material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regularization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscoplasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield stress; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0377-0257(03)00111-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams
AU  - D. M.
AU  - Brus
AU  - L.
AU  - Chidsey
AU  - C. E. D.
AU  - Creager
AU  - S.
AU  - Creutz
AU  - C.
AU  - Kagan
AU  - C. R.
AU  - Kamat
AU  - P. V.
AU  - Lieberman
AU  - M.
AU  - Lindsay
AU  - Marcus
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Metzger
T1  - Charge Transfer on the Nanoscale:  Current Status.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 6668
EP  - 6697
SN  - 15206106
AB  - This is the report of a DOE-sponsored workshop organized to discuss the status of our understanding of charge-transfer processes on the nanoscale and to identify research and other needs for progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology. The current status of basic electron-transfer research, both theoretical and experimental, is addressed, with emphasis on the distance-dependent measurements, and we have attempted to integrate terminology and notation of solution electron-transfer kinetics with that of conductance analysis. The interface between molecules or nanoparticles and bulk metals is examined, and new research tools that advance description and understanding of the interface are presented. The present state-of-the-art in molecular electronics efforts is summarized along with future research needs. Finally, novel strategies that exploit nanoscale architectures are presented for enhancing the efficiences of energy conversion based on photochemistry, catalysis, and electrocatalysis principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 20225052; Adams D. M. 1 Brus L. 1 Chidsey C. E. D. 1 Creager S. 1 Creutz C. 1 Kagan C. R. 1 Kamat P. V. 1 Lieberman M. 1 Lindsay Marcus R. A. 1 Metzger; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, MC 3167, New York, New York 10027; Department of Chemistry and Stanford Synchrotron Research Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080; Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634; Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598; Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 28, p6668; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garcia-Adeva
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Conradson
AU  - D. R.
AU  - Villella
AU  - P.
AU  - S. D.
T1  - Signatures of Collective Local and Nanoscale Distortions in Diffraction Experiments.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 6704
EP  - 6716
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The effects of periodic and aperiodic distortions on the structure factor and radial distribution function of single-component lattices are investigated. To this end, different kinds of distortions are applied to the otherwise perfect square lattice and the corresponding radial distribution function and structure factor for the resulting lattices are calculated. When the applied distortions have a periodic character, they are very easily recognized in the calculated structure factors as new superlattice peaks. However, when the periodicity of the distortions is suppressed, the signatures of disorder only show up as smooth and subtle features on the diffuse part of the scattering, making it very difficult to identify the nature of the distortions present in the lattice. The implications of these results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - CHARACTERISTIC functions
N1  - Accession Number: 20225054; Garcia-Adeva A. J. 1 Conradson D. R. 1 Villella P. 1 S. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division (MST-8), Mailstop G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 28, p6704; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: CHARACTERISTIC functions; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borodin
AU  - O.
AU  - Douglas
AU  - R.
AU  - Smith
AU  - G. D.
AU  - Trouw
AU  - F.
AU  - Petrucci
AU  - S.
T1  - MD Simulations and Experimental Study of Structure, Dynamics, and Thermodynamics of Poly(ethylene oxide) and Its Oligomers.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 6813
EP  - 6823
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and its oligomers, using quantum chemistry-based force fields with and without many-body polarizable interactions. Inclusion of the many-body polarization in the model resulted in increased populations of the tgt and tgg conformations of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and slightly slower dynamics. Increasing the PEO dipole moment also led to increased populations of the tgt and ttg conformers and slower dynamics. Quasi-elastic neutron scattering, dielectric relaxation, and 13C spin−lattice relaxation experiments have been performed on PEO and its oligomers. New 13C NMR experiments yielded spin−lattice relaxation times that were ~2−3 times larger than those in the previous experiments, which is in good agreement with the current simulation results. Good agreement between the MD simulation results using many-body polarizable and two-body nonpolarizable potentials was found with experiments for thermodynamic, transport, structural, and dynamic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
N1  - Accession Number: 20225068; Borodin O. 1 Douglas R. 1 Smith G. D. 1 Trouw F. 1 Petrucci S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 122 S. Central Campus Drive, Rm. 304, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, MS H805, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545, Department of Chemical and Fuels Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, and Polytechnic University, Farmingdale, New York 11735; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 28, p6813; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinchliffe, Ian
T1  - Use of Taus in ATLAS
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 123
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 09205632
AB  - At the LHC, new particles can be expected that decay to final states involving taus. Examples are given from simulations by the ATLAS experiment showing how such final states can be exploited. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - DECAY
N1  - Accession Number: 11091603; Hinchliffe, Ian 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 123 Issue 1-3, p229; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: DECAY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diwan, Milind V.
T1  - Status of the MINOS experiment
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 123
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
SN  - 09205632
AB  - I will present the status of the long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment MINOS at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab). I will summarize the status of the detector and beam construction, the expected event rates and sensitivity to physics. I will also comment on possible future plans to improve the performance of the experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11091610; Diwan, Milind V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 123 Issue 1-3, p272; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, W.-T.
AU  - Klose, F.
AU  - Yin, H.Q.
AU  - Toperverg, B.P.
T1  - Measuring lateral magnetic structures in thin films using time-of-flight polarized neutron reflectometry
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 335
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) has recently been applied to study lateral magnetic structures such as regular micron-sized magnetic arrays on a surface. To date, however, there is a lack of detailed accounts of the features observed in the scattered intensity map in the special case of time-of-flight (TOF) PNR. We present here preliminary measurement results on lithographically produced arrays of micron-sized rectangular permalloy magnetic bars. The measurements demonstrate the potential of the method to provide detailed structural information on a laterally patterned sample, as well as on its magnetic characteristics. The information can be obtained by analyzing the specular reflection along with three off-specular Bragg sheets. Most of the features seen experimentally can be interpreted by using simple heuristic arguments. In addition, we also present results of a study of lateral magnetic domains in an exchange-biased Co/CoO bilayer film to illustrate the capability of TOF PNR in the study of large lateral magnetic domains in the case when almost no off-specular scattering is detected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS -- Polarization
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - Distorted-wave Born approximation
KW  - Lateral magnetic domains
KW  - Off-specular scattering
KW  - Patterned magnetic arrays
KW  - Specular reflection
KW  - Time-of-flight neutron reflectometry
N1  - Accession Number: 10436804; Lee, W.-T. 1; Email Address: wtlee@anl.gov Klose, F. 1 Yin, H.Q. 2 Toperverg, B.P. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA  3: Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich D-52425, Germany  4: Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 335 Issue 1-4, p77; Subject Term: NEUTRONS -- Polarization; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distorted-wave Born approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lateral magnetic domains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Off-specular scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Patterned magnetic arrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specular reflection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight neutron reflectometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00195-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zsigmond, G.
AU  - Krist, Th.
AU  - Mezei, F.
T1  - Monte Carlo simulation of polarising cavities
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 335
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 266
SN  - 09214526
AB  - High-reflectivity supermirrors allow for sophisticated neutron optical systems working with multiple reflections (for example polarising cavities and beam splitters). Polarising cavities are highly efficient broad-wavelength band-polariser systems. Beam-splitter polarising cavities, for example, yield a practically ideal separation into one spin “up” and one spin “down” neutron beam, which can supply two different instruments. This later principle was already implemented at BENSC.Monte Carlo simulations were recently done to optimise polarising cavity systems and to search for possible new applications at ESS. Wavelength-dependent polarisation intensities were computed with ESS moderators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - BEAM splitters
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Neutron optics
KW  - Polarising cavities
N1  - Accession Number: 10437559; Zsigmond, G. 1; Email Address: zsigmond@hmi.de Krist, Th. 2 Mezei, F. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Hahn–Meitner-Institut, Glienicker Strasse 100, Berlin D-14109, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 335 Issue 1-4, p266; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: BEAM splitters; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarising cavities; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00253-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goeckner, H.P.
AU  - Olson, R.J.
AU  - Kwok, W.K.
AU  - Claus, H.
AU  - Kouvel, J.S.
T1  - Effects of Pb-ion irradiation on the vortex pinning in melt-textured YBa2Cu3Ox
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 390
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Melt-textured YBa2Cu3Ox quasicrystalline samples were studied for the effects of Pb-ion irradiation on the vortex pinning. The strength of the pinning was monitored by measurements of the saturation remanent magnetization (<f>MR</f>) as a detailed function of temperature from 4.2 K up to <f>Tc</f> (&ap;92 K). Our results show that <f>MR</f> is greatly enhanced by the Pb-ion irradiation at all temperatures below <f>Tc</f>. Specifically, when compared to a similar but nonirradiated sample, the <f>MR</f> of an optimally irradiated sample is raised by a factor of 3.4 at 4.2 K and, more strikingly, by 12.7 at 77 K. Contrastingly, in an earlier study of a γ-ray irradiated Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 sample, the vortex pinning was seen to be enhanced but mainly near 4.2 K, suggesting that the γ-ray irradiation produces highly localized pinning sites. Hence, our present results imply conversely that the Pb-ion irradiation creates extended structural defects that are effective as vortex pinning sites up to relatively high temperatures, including that of liquid nitrogen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - Effects on vortex pinning
KW  - Melt-textured YBCO
KW  - Pb-ion irradiation
N1  - Accession Number: 10009900; Goeckner, H.P. 1,2 Olson, R.J. 3 Kwok, W.K. 3 Claus, H. 1,3 Kouvel, J.S. 1; Email Address: kouvel@uic.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA  2: Department of Physics, McMurry University, Abilene, TX 79697, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 390 Issue 4, p291; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effects on vortex pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melt-textured YBCO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pb-ion irradiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00804-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, Christopher T.
AU  - Simmons, Elizabeth H.
T1  - Strong dynamics and electroweak symmetry breaking
JO  - Physics Reports
JF  - Physics Reports
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 381
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
SN  - 03701573
AB  - The breaking of electroweak symmetry, and origin of the associated “weak scale”, <f>vweak=1/√ of <RCD>2<rad><RCD>2</RCD></rad>GF</RCD>GF</RCD></rad>=175 GeV</f>, may be due to a new strong interaction. Theoretical developments over the past decade have led to viable models and mechanisms that are consistent with current experimental data. Many of these schemes feature a privileged role for the top quark, and third generation, and are natural in the context of theories of extra space dimensions at the weak scale. We review various models and their phenomenological implications which will be subject to definitive tests in future collider runs at the Tevatron, and the LHC, and future linear <f>e+e−</f> colliders, as well as sensitive studies of rare processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Reports is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10096556; Hill, Christopher T. 1; Email Address: hill@fnal.gov Simmons, Elizabeth H. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA  3: Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 381 Issue 4-6, p235; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 168p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-1573(03)00140-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, S.
AU  - Edwards, R.S.
AU  - North, J.M.
AU  - Maccagnano, S.
AU  - Dalal, N.S.
T1  - On the origin of anomalous EPR peaks observed in Mn12–Ac
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 1897
SN  - 02775387
AB  - We present a detailed investigation of the temperature and frequency dependence of the anomalous electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) transitions first observed in Mn12–Ac by Hill et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 (1998) 2453]. The most dominant of these transitions manifest themselves as an extra series of EPR absorption peaks for spectra obtained with the DC field applied within the hard magnetic plane. Recent studies by Amigo´ et al. [Phys. Rev. B 65 (2002) 172403] have attributed these additional peaks to a strain-induced transverse quadratic anisotropy which gives rise to distinct Mn12–Ac site symmetries, each having a distinct EPR spectrum; on the basis of these measurements, it has been suggested that this transverse anisotropy is responsible for the tunneling in Mn12–Ac. Our temperature- and frequency-dependent measurements demonstrate unambiguously that these anomalous EPR absorptions vanish as the temperature tends to zero, thereby indicating that they correspond to transitions from an excited state of the molecule. We argue that this low-lying excited state corresponds to an S=9 multiplet having very similar zero-field crystal parameters to the S=10 state. These findings compare favorably with available neutron scattering data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - Electron paramagnetic resonance
KW  - Manganese
KW  - Nanomagnet
KW  - Quantum tunneling
KW  - Single molecule magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 10231329; Hill, S. 1; Email Address: hill@phys.ufl.edu Edwards, R.S. 1 North, J.M. 2 Maccagnano, S. 1 Dalal, N.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8440, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 22 Issue 14-17, p1897; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron paramagnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanomagnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum tunneling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single molecule magnets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0277-5387(03)00220-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bordallo, H.N.
AU  - Chapon, L.
AU  - Manson, J.L.
AU  - Ling, C.D.
AU  - Qualls, J.S.
AU  - Hall, D.
AU  - Argyriou, D.N.
T1  - Structural and magnetic behavior of a quasi-1D antiferromagnetic chain compound Cu(NCS)2(pyz)
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2045
SN  - 02775387
AB  - Synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and neutron powder diffraction (NPD) were used to determine the structure of Cu(NCS)2(pyz) (pyz=pyrazine=C4N2H4), which consists of a stacking of Cu&z.sbnd;pyz&z.sbnd;Cu chains. While NPD measurements showed no evidence of long-range magnetic ordering, the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility and magnetization suggests that the system can be adequately described on the local scale as a spin-1/2 antiferromagnet (AFM) chain with an intrachain exchange interaction J/kB=−8 K (∼0.7 meV). Comparison of isothermal magnetization data acquired up to 30 T at 1.6 K to a linear chain model shows excellent agreement, making this material a nearly ideal example of an isotropic Heisenberg AFM chain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - Copper
KW  - Neutron powder diffraction
KW  - Pyrazine
KW  - Quantum spin chain
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 10231350; Bordallo, H.N. 1,2; Email Address: bordallo@hmi.de Chapon, L. 2,3 Manson, J.L. 3,4 Ling, C.D. 3 Qualls, J.S. 5 Hall, D. 6 Argyriou, D.N. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Hahn-Meitner Institut, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6430, USA  5: Department of Physics and Geology, University of Texas-Pan America, Edinberg, TX 78539, USA  6: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 22 Issue 14-17, p2045; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron powder diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrazine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum spin chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0277-5387(03)00188-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furukawa, Y.
AU  - Kawakami, S.
AU  - Aizawa, K.
AU  - Kumagai, K.
AU  - Borsa, F.
T1  - Isotope substitution effects on spin dynamics of the molecular nanomagnet Fe8 cluster studied by NMR
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 14-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2277
SN  - 02775387
AB  - We have carried out 1H NMR at T=1.5 K in both 57Fe-enriched Fe8 cluster and non-enriched Fe8 cluster to investigate isotope substitution effects on magnetic properties. The field dependence of 1/T1 can be fitted well by using a simple model in terms of the thermal fluctuations of the total spin S=10 of the cluster originating from the spin–phonon interactions. The absence of a difference of the magnetic field dependence of 1/T1 between the two systems indicates that the spin–phonon coupling constant is not affected by the change of mass of the isotopes in the Fe8 cluster. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - IRON
KW  - Fe8
KW  - Nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - Quantum tunneling
N1  - Accession Number: 10231380; Furukawa, Y. 1; Email Address: furu@phys.sci.hokudai.ac.jp Kawakami, S. 1 Aizawa, K. 1 Kumagai, K. 1 Borsa, F. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Dipartimento di Fisica ‘A.Volta’ e Unita’ INFM di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 22 Issue 14-17, p2277; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: IRON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe8; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum tunneling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0277-5387(03)00224-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sumpter, Bobby G.
AU  - Noid, Donald W.
AU  - Barnes, Michael D.
T1  - Recent developments in the formation, characterization, and simulation of micron and nano-scale droplets of amorphous polymer blends and semi-crystalline polymers
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4389
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Polymer micro- and nano-particles are fundamental to a number of modern technological applications, including polymer blends or alloys, biomaterials for drug delivery systems, electro-optic and luminescent devices, coatings, polymer powder impregnation of inorganic fibers in composites, and are also critical in polymer-supported heterogeneous catalysis. In this article, we review some of our recent progress in experimental and simulation methods for generating, characterizing, and modeling polymer micro- and nano-particles in a number of polymer and polymer blend systems. By using instrumentation developed for probing single fluorescent molecules in micron-sized liquid droplets, we have shown that polymer particles of nearly arbitrary size and composition can be made with a size dispersion that is ultimately limited by the chain length and number distribution within the droplets. Depending on the time scale for solvent evaporation—a tunable parameter in our experiments—phase separation of otherwise immiscible polymers can be avoided by confinement effects, producing homogeneous polymer blend micro- or nano-particles. These particles have tunable properties that can be controlled simply by adjusting the size of the particle, or the relative mass fractions of the polymer components in solution. Physical, optical, and mechanical properties of a variety of micro and nano-particles, differing in size and composition, have been examined using extensive classical molecular dynamics calculations in conjunction with experiments to gain deeper insights into fundamental nature of their structure, dynamics, and properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - DRUGS
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - Micro droplets
KW  - Micro- and nano-particles
KW  - Polymer blends
N1  - Accession Number: 10276714; Sumpter, Bobby G. 1 Noid, Donald W. 1 Barnes, Michael D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 44 Issue 16, p4389; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: DRUGS; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro droplets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro- and nano-particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer blends; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00428-2
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenik, E.A.
AU  - Maziasz, P.J.
AU  - Swindeman, R.W.
AU  - Cervenka, J.
AU  - May, D.
T1  - Structure and phase stability in a cast modified-HP austenite after long-term ageing
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Phase transformations in a cast HP series alloy after long-term ageing were determined by analytical electron microscopy (AEM). Beyond the chromium and niobium carbides normally expected for the as-cast material, an eta phase enriched in Nb and Si is present, indicating phase instability at high temperatures (∼1000 °C). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUSTENITE
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - CARBIDES
KW  - Analytical electron microscopy
KW  - Austenite
KW  - Carbides
KW  - High temperature
KW  - Phase transformations
N1  - Accession Number: 9721204; Kenik, E.A. 1; Email Address: kenikea@ornl.gov Maziasz, P.J. 1 Swindeman, R.W. 1 Cervenka, J. 2 May, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6376, USA  2: ABB Lummus Global, Inc., Bloomfied, NJ 07003-3096, USA  3: NOVA Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Sarnia, Ont., Canada, N7T-8A3; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p117; Subject Term: AUSTENITE; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: CARBIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Austenite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbides; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00238-0
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clausen, B.
AU  - Lee, S.-Y.
AU  - Üstündag, E.
AU  - Aydiner, C.C.
AU  - Conner, R.D.
AU  - Bourke, M.A.M.
T1  - Compressive yielding of tungsten fiber reinforced bulk metallic glass composites
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 13596462
AB  - In-situ uniaxial compression tests were conducted on four tungsten fiber reinforced bulk metallic glass matrix composites using neutron diffraction. The results were interpreted with a finite element model. Both phases were seen to approximately obey the von Mises yield criterion. The fibers were observed to yield first and then transfer load to the matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - FIBROUS composites
KW  - Fiber reinforced composites
KW  - Finite element analysis
KW  - Metallic glasses
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Residual stresses
N1  - Accession Number: 9721205; Clausen, B. 1 Lee, S.-Y. 1 Üstündag, E. 1; Email Address: ersan@caltech.edu Aydiner, C.C. 1 Conner, R.D. 1 Bourke, M.A.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., MC 138-78, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p123; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: FIBROUS composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiber reinforced composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stresses; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00237-9
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Green, F. B.
AU  - Lundquist, T. J.
AU  - Quinn, N. W. T.
AU  - Zarate, M. A.
AU  - Zubieta, I. X.
AU  - Oswald, W. J.
T1  - Selenium and nitrate removal from agricultural drainage using the AIWPS technology.
JO  - Water Science & Technology
JF  - Water Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
EP  - 305
SN  - 02731223
AB  - Monthly Maximum Discharge Limits (MMDL) have been established for selenium in irrigation drainage by the State of California and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency following observations of avian teratogenesis at the Kesterson Reservoir in the San Joaquin Valley of California. As a result of these and other adverse effects, farmers and drainage districts on the western side of the San Joaquin Valley must reduce selenium concentrations in irrigation drainage discharged to the San Joaquin River. Drainage treatment will be required in the near future to meet existing MMDL and future Total Maximum Discharge Limits (TMDL) for the San Joaquin River. A 0.4-hectare Algal Bacterial Selenium Removal (ABSR) Facility was designed and constructed at the Panoche Drainage District in 1995 and 1996 using the Advanced Integrated Wastewater Pond Systems® or AIWPS® Technology. Each of two physically identical systems combined a Reduction Pond (RP) with a shallow, peripheral algal High Rate Pond (HRP). A Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) unit and a slow sand filter were used to remove particulate selenium from the effluent of each system. The two systems were operated under different modes of operation and the bacterial substrate varied in each system. The rates of nitrate and selenium removal were compared. Microalgae were harvested using DAF and used as a carbon-rich substrate for nitrate- and selenate-reducing bacteria. Mass removals of total soluble selenium of 77% or greater were achieved over a three-year period. Nitrate and selenate were removed by assimiliatory and dissimiliatory bacterial reduction, and nitrate was also removed by algal assimilation. The final removal of particulate selenium is the focus of ongoing investigations. The removal of particulate selenium is expected to increase the overall removal of selenium to greater than 90% and would allow farmers and drainage districts to discharge irrigation drainage in compliance with regulatory discharge limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Science & Technology is the property of IWA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AGRICULTURAL engineering
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - WATER in agriculture
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - TERATOGENESIS
KW  - SEWAGE -- Purification -- Filtration
KW  - MICROALGAE
KW  - SAN Joaquin Valley (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - AIWPS® technology
KW  - algal-bacterial
KW  - irrigation drainage
KW  - nitrate
KW  - selenium
N1  - Accession Number: 27024627; Green, F. B. 1; Email Address: FBGreen@lbl.gov Lundquist, T. J. 1 Quinn, N. W. T. 1 Zarate, M. A. 1 Zubieta, I. X. 1 Oswald, W. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Hydroecological Engineering & Advanced Decision Support Group, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A-3317, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p299; Subject Term: AGRICULTURAL engineering; Subject Term: SELENIUM; Subject Term: WATER in agriculture; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: TERATOGENESIS; Subject Term: SEWAGE -- Purification -- Filtration; Subject Term: MICROALGAE; Subject Term: SAN Joaquin Valley (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: AIWPS® technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: algal-bacterial; Author-Supplied Keyword: irrigation drainage; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: selenium; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tadesse, I.
AU  - Isoaho, S. A.
AU  - Green, F. B.
AU  - Puhakka, J. A.
T1  - Removal of organics and nutrients from tannery effluent by advanced integrated wastewater pond systems technology.
JO  - Water Science & Technology
JF  - Water Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/07/15/
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 314
SN  - 02731223
AB  - In this study, a pilot-scale experiment was carried out on a pre-settled combined tannery effluent from Modjo tannery, Ethiopia, to evaluate the feasibility of the Advanced Integrated Wastewater Pond Systems® or AIWPS® Technology, for the treatment of tannery effluent. The pilot-scale AIWPS® Facility was comprised of an Advanced Facultative Pond (AFP), Secondary Facultative Pond (SFP) and Maturation Pond (MP) all arranged in series. Three feed phases with low, moderate and overloading organic loading rates were applied to assess the organics and nutrients removal performances of the AIWPS® reactors. The overall organics removal performance of the AIWPS® Process was high, with removal efficiencies in the range of 90-98% for BOD5 and 86-92% for COD. Among the AIWPS® reactors, the AFP attained the highest organics removal efficiency with a BOD5 removal of 70-89%. BOD5 removal efficiencies of the SFP and MP were 34-65% and 30-40%, respectively. The AFP was also able to withstand a much higher volumetric organic loading rate (70% more) than the conventional open anaerobic ponds. The drop in BOD5 removal efficiency of the AFP at the overloading condition was only 7%, while the corresponding drop in the SFP was 29%. AIWPS® reactors achieved a cumulative ammonia removal efficiency of 85%. The highest ammonia removal (50-60%) occurred in the SFP, followed by the MP with removal efficiency of 20-26%. At the overloading condition the overall ammonia removal efficiency of the AIWPS® Facility decreased by 50%, while the BOD5 organics removal dropped by only 6%, signifying the higher vulnerability of ammonia removal mechanism to high loading conditions than the organics removal. The phosphorus removal in the AIWPS® Facility was erratic, with highest removal (up to 75%) occurring in the AFP. The lack of H2S odour nuisance from the AFP was mainly due to the proliferation of sulphide oxidizing anoxygenic photosynthetic pink bacteria of the genera: Thiocystis, Rhodobacter, Rhodospirillum and Rhodopseudomonas in the upper solar illuminated water layers of the AFP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Science & Technology is the property of IWA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TANNERIES -- Waste disposal
KW  - LEATHER industry
KW  - INDUSTRIAL wastes
KW  - SEWAGE lagoons
KW  - SEWAGE -- Purification -- Nutrient removal
KW  - RHODOPSEUDOMONAS
KW  - NITROGEN compounds
KW  - AIWPS® technology
KW  - fermentation pit
KW  - nutrients
KW  - organics
KW  - tannery effluent
N1  - Accession Number: 27024628; Tadesse, I. 1; Email Address: Issayas.tadesse@tut.fi Isoaho, S. A. 1; Email Address: simo.isoaho@tut.fi Green, F. B. 2; Email Address: fbgreen@lbl.gov Puhakka, J. A. 1; Email Address: Jaakko.puhakka@tut.fi; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A-3317F, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p307; Subject Term: TANNERIES -- Waste disposal; Subject Term: LEATHER industry; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL wastes; Subject Term: SEWAGE lagoons; Subject Term: SEWAGE -- Purification -- Nutrient removal; Subject Term: RHODOPSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: NITROGEN compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: AIWPS® technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: fermentation pit; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: organics; Author-Supplied Keyword: tannery effluent; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 316110 Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elmer, J.W.
AU  - Palmer, T.A.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Wood, B.
AU  - DebRoy, T.
T1  - Kinetic modeling of phase transformations occurring in the HAZ of C-Mn steel welds based on direct observations
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/07/16/
VL  - 51
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3333
SN  - 13596454
AB  - In situ Spatially Resolved X-Ray Diffraction (SRXRD) experiments were performed in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of gas tungsten arc (GTA) welds of AISI 1005 C-Mn steel to directly observe welding induced phase transformations. These real-time observations were semi-quantified using diffraction peak profile analysis to construct a phase transformation map revealing ferrite (α) and austenite (γ) phase concentration gradients in the HAZ. Weld thermal cycles were calculated using a three-dimensional heat transfer and fluid flow model and then combined with the SRXRD phase map to provide a complete description of the HAZ under actual welding conditions. Kinetic modelling of the <f>α→γ</f> phase transformation during heating was performed using a Johnson–Mehl–Avrami analysis, modified to take into account non-uniform weld heating and transformation in the α+γ two-phase field. The results provide the most accurate JMA kinetic parameters to date for this alloy, n=1.45 and 1n(ko)=12.2, for an activation energy Q=117.1 kJ/mole. Using this kinetic description of the α→γ phase transformation, time temperature transformation (TTT) and continuous heating transformation (CHT) diagrams for this alloy were constructed to illustrate how the combination of SRXRD experiments and numerical modeling from one weld can be used to predict phase transformations for a variety of welding and heat treating applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - GAS tungsten arc welding
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - AUSTENITE
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Spatially resolved X-ray diffraction
KW  - Steels
KW  - Welding
N1  - Accession Number: 10058729; Elmer, J.W. 1; Email Address: elmer1@llnl.gov Palmer, T.A. 1 Zhang, W. 2 Wood, B. 1 DebRoy, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 51 Issue 12, p3333; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: GAS tungsten arc welding; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: AUSTENITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatially resolved X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Welding; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00049-1
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vicente, M. Graça H.
AU  - Wickramasinghe, Anura
AU  - Nurco, Daniel J.
AU  - Wang, Hong J. H.
AU  - Nawrocky, Marta M.
AU  - Makar, Michael S.
AU  - Miura, Michiko
T1  - Synthesis, toxicity and biodistribution of two 5,15-di[3,5-(nido-carboranylmethyl)phenyl]porphyrins in EMT-6 tumor bearing mice
JO  - Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
JF  - Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/07/17/
VL  - 11
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3101
SN  - 09680896
AB  - The total synthesis of a 5,15-di[3,5-(o-carboranylmethyl)phenyl]porphyrin 5, its zinc(II) complex 6, and the corresponding nido-carboranylporphyrins 7 and 8 are reported. The molecular structures of porphyrin 6 and of potassium nido-carborane were obtained and are described. The biodistribution of nido-carboranylporphyrins 7 and 8 in BALB/c mice bearing EMT-6 mammary tumors are presented and compared. Both compounds are effective tumor localizers and delivered therapeutic concentrations of boron to tumors (mean±standard deviation): 32.5±7.1 and 54.3±14 μg/g for 7 and 8, respectively, 2 days after the last of 3 injections of a total boron dose of 23 mg/kg body weight. The zinc(II) complex 8 was found to deliver 1.2–1.7 times higher amounts of boron to tumors than 7, with lower tumor-to-blood boron concentration ratios (9.8/1 and 4.7/1 for 7 and 8, respectively, 2 days after injections). The tumor-to-brain boron concentration ratios were >100/1 for both porphyrins 2 days after administration. Both nido-carboranylporphyrins 7 and 8 were well-tolerated at the concentrations used (75 and 78 mg/kg body weight, respectively) and no morbidity or mortality were observed in these studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC
KW  - POTASSIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10007462; Vicente, M. Graça H. 1; Email Address: vicente@lsu.edu Wickramasinghe, Anura 2 Nurco, Daniel J. 2 Wang, Hong J. H. 2 Nawrocky, Marta M. 3 Makar, Michael S. 3 Miura, Michiko 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 11 Issue 14, p3101; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0968-0896(03)00240-2
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, Riqiang
T1  - Measurement of 15N–1H bond lengths by rotational-echo double-resonance NMR spectroscopy
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/07/17/
VL  - 376
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A method based on rotational-echo double-resonance (REDOR) NMR is proposed to measure 1H–15N bond lengths under magic-angle-spinning. Protons are selectively polarized and evolve under the frequency-switched Lee–Goldburg (FSLG) homonuclear decoupling, while two 15N π pulses are applied to restore 1H–15N dipolar interactions. Such a method relies on the 1H–15N dipolar couplings and requires no knowledge of their chemical shift tensors allowing one to precisely extract their couplings. This method could be applicable for measuring relatively long distances between amide protons and other nucleus such as 13C if applying the π pulses to 13C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10233134; Fu, Riqiang 1; Email Address: rfu@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 376 Issue 1/2, p62; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00951-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10233134&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwak, Hyung-Tae
AU  - Srinivasan, Parthasarathy
AU  - Quine, John
AU  - Massiot, Dominique
AU  - Gan, Zhehong
T1  - Satellite transition rotational resonance of homonuclear quadrupolar spins: magic-angle effect on spin-echo decay and inversion recovery
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/07/17/
VL  - 376
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Satellite transition rotational resonance and magic-angle effects on central-transition spin-echo decay and inversion recovery of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei are presented. Small magic-angle offsets can change the satellite transition rotational resonance condition and consequently lead to dramatic effects on line width, spin-echo decay and inversion recovery. An half degree magic-angle offset lengthens α-Al2O3 spin-echo decay by 50% and inversion-recovery by nearly two orders of magnitude. The theory of satellite transition rotational resonance is presented and the origin of these magic-angle effects is explained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
N1  - Accession Number: 10233136; Kwak, Hyung-Tae 1 Srinivasan, Parthasarathy 1,2 Quine, John 1,2 Massiot, Dominique 3 Gan, Zhehong 1; Email Address: gan@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E, Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: CRMHT – CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 376 Issue 1/2, p75; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00958-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burgess, I.
AU  - Zamlynny, V.
AU  - Szymanski, G.
AU  - Schwan, A.L.
AU  - Faragher, R.J.
AU  - Lipkowski, J.
AU  - Majewski, J.
AU  - Satija, S.
T1  - Neutron reflectivity studies of field driven transformations in a monolayer of 4-pentadecyl pyridine at Au electrode surfaces
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/07/17/
VL  - 550-551
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 15726657
AB  - Neutron reflectometry (NR) has been employed to study the structure and composition of thin films formed by 4-pentadecyl-pyridine (C15-4Py) at a gold electrode surface. The thickness and the water content of films of C15-4Py have been measured as a function of the potential applied to the electrode. At positive potentials, where condensed film is formed, the monolayer contains defects that are filled with water. At very negative potentials, the film is desorbed from the electrode surface. NR has demonstrated that, at these potentials, the amphiphilic molecules remain in close proximity to the gold surface as a thicker and water rich film. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - 4-Pentadecyl-pyridine
KW  - Cathodic desorption
KW  - Gold electrode
KW  - Insoluble surfactants
KW  - Neutron reflectometry
N1  - Accession Number: 10575608; Burgess, I. 1 Zamlynny, V. 1 Szymanski, G. 1 Schwan, A.L. 1 Faragher, R.J. 1 Lipkowski, J. 1; Email Address: lipkowski@chembio.uoguelph.ca Majewski, J. 2 Satija, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada, N1G 2W1  2: MLNSCE, LANSCE-12, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 550-551, p187; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 4-Pentadecyl-pyridine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathodic desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insoluble surfactants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron reflectometry; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00292-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunion, J.
AU  - Han, T.
AU  - Jiang, J.
AU  - Sopczak, A.
T1  - Determining <f>tanβ</f> with neutral and charged Higgs bosons at a future <f>e+e-</f> linear collider
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/07/17/
VL  - 565
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 60
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The ratio of neutral Higgs field vacuum expectation values, <f>tanβ</f>, is one of the most important parameters to determine in either the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) or a general type-II two-Higgs doublet model (2HDM). Assuming an energy and integrated luminosity of <f>√ of s=500 GeV</f> and <f>L=2000 fb-1</f> at a future linear collider (LC), we show that a very accurate determination of <f>tanβ</f> will be possible for low and high <f>tanβ</f> values by measuring the production rates of Higgs bosons and reconstructing Higgs boson decays. In particular, based on a TESLA simulation, and assuming no other light Higgs bosons and <f>100mA200 GeV</f>, we find that the rate for the process <f>e+e-→b&bmacr;A→b&bmacr;b&bmacr;</f> provides a good determination of <f>tanβ</f> at high <f>tanβ</f>. In the MSSM Higgs sector, in the sample case of <f>mA=200 GeV</f>, we find that the rates for <f>e+e-→b&bmacr;A+b&bmacr;H→b&bmacr;b&bmacr;</f> and for <f>e+e-→HA→b&bmacr;b&bmacr;</f> provide a good determination of <f>tanβ</f> at high and low <f>tanβ</f>, respectively. We also show that the direct measurement of the average total widths of the <f>H</f> and <f>A</f> in <f>e+e-→HA→b&bmacr;b&bmacr;</f> events provides an excellent determination of <f>tanβ</f> at large values. In addition, the charged Higgs boson process <f>e+e-→H+H-→t&bmacr;&tmacr;b</f> has been studied. The sensitivity to <f>tanβ</f> at the LHC obtained directly from heavy Higgs boson production is briefly compared to the LC results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - INTERACTING boson models
N1  - Accession Number: 18385214; Gunion, J. 1 Han, T. 2 Jiang, J. 3 Sopczak, A. 4; Email Address: andre.sopczak@cern.ch; Affiliation:  1: Davis Institute for HEP, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA  3: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Lancaster University, UK; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 565, p42; Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: INTERACTING boson models; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00763-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xin-Nian
T1  - Rapidity asymmetry in high-energy <f>d+A</f> collisions
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/07/17/
VL  - 565
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
EP  - 122
SN  - 03702693
AB  - In contrast to the recent prediction of high <f>pT</f> hadron suppression within the parton saturation model, it is shown that multiple parton scattering suffered by the projectile will enhance high <f>pT</f> hadron spectra in <f>d+A</f> collisions relative to a superposition of binary <f>p+p</f> collisions at RHIC. A stronger enhancement in the forward rapidity region of the projectile is also predicted, resulting in a unique rapidity asymmetry of the hadron spectra at high <f>pT</f>. The shape of the rapidity asymmetry should be reversed for low <f>pT</f> hadrons that are dominated by soft and coherent interactions which suppress hadron spectra in the projectile rapidity region. The phenomenon at the LHC energies is shown to be qualitatively different because of parton shadowing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 18385220; Wang, Xin-Nian 1; Email Address: xnwang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Mailstop 70R0319 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 565, p116; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00756-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chacko, Z.
AU  - Grojean, C.
AU  - Perelstein, M.
T1  - Fine structure constant variation from a late phase transition
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/07/17/
VL  - 565
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 175
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Recent experimental data indicates that the fine structure constant <f>α</f> may be varying on cosmological time scales. We consider the possibility that such a variation could be induced by a second order phase transition which occurs at late times (<f>z∼1</f>–<f>3</f>) and involves a change in the vacuum expectation value (vev) of a scalar with milli-eV mass. Such light scalars are natural in supersymmetric theories with low SUSY breaking scale. If the vev of this scalar contributes to masses of electrically charged fields, the low-energy value of <f>α</f> changes during the phase transition. The observational predictions of this scenario include isotope-dependent deviations from Newtonian gravity at sub-millimeter distances, and (if the phase transition is a sharp event on cosmological time scales) the presence of a well-defined step-like feature in the <f>α(z)</f> plot. The relation between the fractional changes in <f>α</f> and the QCD confinement scale is highly model dependent, and even in grand unified theories the change in <f>α</f> does not need to be accompanied by a large shift in nucleon masses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 18385227; Chacko, Z. 1,2; Email Address: zchacko@thsrv.lbl.gov Grojean, C. 3; Email Address: grojean@spht.saclay.cea.fr Perelstein, M. 1; Email Address: meperelstein@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theory Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Service de Physique Théorique, CEA-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 565, p169; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00766-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gillespie, Blake
AU  - Vu, Dung M.
AU  - Shah, Premal S.
AU  - Marshall, Shannon A.
AU  - Dyer, R. Brian
AU  - Mayo, Stephen L.
AU  - Plaxco, Kevin W.
T1  - NMR and Temperature-jump Measurements of de Novo Designed Proteins Demonstrate Rapid Folding in the Absence of Explicit Selection for Kinetics
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/07/18/
VL  - 330
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 813
SN  - 00222836
AB  - We address the importance of natural selection in the origin and maintenance of rapid protein folding by experimentally characterizing the folding kinetics of two de novo designed proteins, NC3-NCAP and ENH-FSM1. These 51 residue proteins, which adopt the helix-turn-helix homeodomain fold, share as few as 12 residues in common with their most closely related natural analog. Despite the replacement of up to 3/4 of their residues by a computer algorithm optimizing only thermodynamic properties, the designed proteins fold as fast or faster than the 35,000 s−1 observed for the closest natural analog. Thus these de novo designed proteins, which were produced in the complete absence of selective pressures or design constraints explicitly aimed at ensuring rapid folding, are among the most rapidly folding proteins reported to date. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - CD, circular dichroism
KW  - En-HD, engrailed homeodomain
KW  - evolution
KW  - NMR lineshape
KW  - T-jump, temperature-jump
KW  - two-state
N1  - Accession Number: 10159131; Gillespie, Blake 1 Vu, Dung M. 2 Shah, Premal S. 3 Marshall, Shannon A. 4 Dyer, R. Brian 2 Mayo, Stephen L. 4 Plaxco, Kevin W. 1; Email Address: kwp@chem.ucsb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  2: Bioscience Division, Michelson Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Option in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  4: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 330 Issue 4, p813; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CD, circular dichroism; Author-Supplied Keyword: En-HD, engrailed homeodomain; Author-Supplied Keyword: evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR lineshape; Author-Supplied Keyword: T-jump, temperature-jump; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-state; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00616-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis Jr., Raymond
T1  - A Half-Century with Solar Neutrinos.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/07/20/
VL  - 18
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3089
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Studies the development of the concept of solar neutrinos.  Characteristics of neutrinos; Wolfgang Pauli's postulate about the existence of neutrinos in 1930; Methods used in detecting neutrinos; Formula for calculating the total capture rate from all fission product antineutrinos.
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10593418; Davis Jr., Raymond 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania and Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 7/20/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 18, p3089; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reisner, Jon
AU  - Wyszogrodzki, Andrzej
AU  - Mousseau, Vincent
AU  - Knoll, Dana
T1  - An efficient physics-based preconditioner for the fully implicit solution of small-scale thermally driven atmospheric flows
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/07/20/
VL  - 189
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
SN  - 00219991
AB  - In atmospheric flow situations typical of a small-scale atmospheric thermal, a separation of time scales exists between the fast sound wave time scale and the advective time scale. Atmospheric models have been designed to take advantage of this disparity of time scales with numerical approaches such as the semi-implicit or split-explicit approach being used to efficiently step over the fast sound waves. Some of these numerical approaches are first order in time. To improve accuracy over these methods, a fully implicit and nonlinearly consistent (INC) flow solver has been developed for the Navier–Stokes equation set. In our INC method, the equation set is solved by use of the Jacobian-free Newton–Krylov (JFNK) method. An efficient preconditioner has been developed which uses the semi-implicit method to solve the governing equations. Being that this preconditioner was designed to attack the fastest waves in the system and not other features in the implicit system such as advection or turbulent diffusion, the preconditioning technique is labeled as a physics-based preconditioner. A variety of linear solvers including SSOR, Krylov methods and/or multigrid approaches are used to approximately invert the pressure matrix in the semi-implicit algorithm. A suite of simulations will be conducted utilizing different linear solvers for the simple problem of the bouyant rise of a warm bubble. The problem will also document the ability of the INC approach to achieve second order in time accuracy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC ionization
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - Navier–Stokes equations
KW  - Nonlinear solver
KW  - Physics-based preconditioning
N1  - Accession Number: 10159002; Reisner, Jon 1; Email Address: reisner@lanl.gov Wyszogrodzki, Andrzej 1; Email Address: wyszog@lanl.gov Mousseau, Vincent 2; Email Address: vmss@lanl.gov Knoll, Dana 2; Email Address: nol@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, M.S. D401, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, M.S. B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 189 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC ionization; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navier–Stokes equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear solver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physics-based preconditioning; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00198-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sial, S.
AU  - Neuberger, J.
AU  - Lookman, T.
AU  - Saxena, A.
T1  - Energy minimization using Sobolev gradients: application to phase separation and ordering
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/07/20/
VL  - 189
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A common problem in physics and engineering is the calculation of the minima of energy functionals. The theory of Sobolev gradients provides an efficient method for seeking the critical points of such a functional. We apply the method to functionals describing coarse-grained Ginzburg–Landau models commonly used in pattern formation and ordering processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOBOLEV gradients
KW  - CRITICAL point
KW  - Ginzburg–Landau theory
KW  - Phase separation
KW  - Sobolev gradients
N1  - Accession Number: 10159005; Sial, S. 1; Email Address: ss@cmrg.apmaths.uwo.ca Neuberger, J. 2; Email Address: jwn@unt.edu Lookman, T. 1,3; Email Address: txl@viking.lanl.gov Saxena, A. 3; Email Address: abs@viking.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Canada N6A 5B7  2: Department of Mathematics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-1430, USA  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B262, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 189 Issue 1, p88; Subject Term: SOBOLEV gradients; Subject Term: CRITICAL point; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ginzburg–Landau theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sobolev gradients; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00202-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Layton, Anita T.
AU  - Spotz, William F.
T1  - A semi-Lagrangian double Fourier method for the shallow water equations on the sphere
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/07/20/
VL  - 189
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We describe a numerical method, based on the semi-Lagrangian semi-implicit approach, for solving the shallow water equations (SWEs) in spherical coordinates. The most popular spatial discretization method used in global atmospheric models is currently the spectral transform method, which generates high-order numerical solutions and provides an elegant solution to the pole problems induced by a spherical coordinate system. However, the standard spherical harmonic spectral transform method requires associated Legendre transforms, which for problems with resolutions of current interest, have a computational complexity of <f>O(N3)</f>, where <f>N</f> is the number of spatial subintervals in one dimension. Thus, the double Fourier spectral method, which uses trigonometric series, may be a viable alternative. The advantage of the double Fourier method is that fast Fourier transforms, which have a computational complexity of <f>O(N2logN)</f>, can be used in both the longitudinal and latitudinal directions. In this implementation, the SWEs are discretized in time by means of the three-time-level semi-Lagrangian semi-implicit method, which integrates along fluid trajectories and allows large time steps while maintaining stability. Numerical results for the standard SWEs test suite are presented to demonstrate the stability and accuracy of the method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - SEQUENCES (Mathematics)
KW  - 65N35
KW  - Double Fourier series
KW  - Numerical weather prediction
KW  - Semi-implicit scheme
KW  - Semi-Lagrangian scheme
KW  - Shallow water equations
KW  - Spectral methods
KW  - Spherical coordinates
N1  - Accession Number: 10159010; Layton, Anita T. 1; Email Address: layton@amath.unc.edu Spotz, William F. 2; Email Address: wfspotz@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of North Carolina, Phillips Hall Campus Box 3250, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 3250, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 189 Issue 1, p180; Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: SEQUENCES (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 65N35; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double Fourier series; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical weather prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-implicit scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-Lagrangian scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shallow water equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical coordinates; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00207-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKinley, Michael Scott
AU  - Brooks III, Eugene D.
AU  - Szoke, Abraham
T1  - Comparison of implicit and symbolic implicit Monte Carlo line transport with frequency weight vector extension
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/07/20/
VL  - 189
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 330
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We compare the implicit Monte Carlo (IMC) technique to the symbolic IMC (SIMC) technique, with and without weight vectors in frequency space, for time-dependent line transport in the presence of collisional pumping. We examine the efficiency and accuracy of the IMC and SIMC methods for test problems involving the evolution of a collisionally pumped trapping problem to its steady-state, the surface heating of a cold medium by a beam, and the diffusion of energy from a localized region that is collisionally pumped. The importance of spatial biasing and teleportation for problems involving high opacity is demonstrated. Our numerical solution, along with its associated teleportation error, is checked against theoretical calculations for the last example. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Photon
KW  - Symbolic
KW  - Teleportation error
KW  - Transport
KW  - X ray laser
N1  - Accession Number: 10159016; McKinley, Michael Scott; Email Address: mckinley9@llnl.gov Brooks III, Eugene D. 1; Email Address: brooks3@llnl.gov Szoke, Abraham 1; Email Address: szoke1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 189 Issue 1, p330; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Symbolic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Teleportation error; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: X ray laser; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00213-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djurcic, Z.
AU  - Glasgow, D.
AU  - Hu, L.-W.
AU  - McKeown, R.D.
AU  - Piepke, A.
AU  - Swinney, R.
AU  - Tipton, B.
T1  - Novel technique for ultra-sensitive determination of trace elements in organic scintillators
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/07/21/
VL  - 507
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 680
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A technique based on neutron activation has been developed for an extremely high sensitivity analysis of trace elements in organic materials. Organic materials are sealed in plastic or high-purity quartz and irradiated at the HFIR and MITR. The most volatile materials such as liquid scintillator (LS) are first preconcentrated by clean vacuum evaporation. Activities of interest are separated from side activities by acid digestion and ion exchange. The technique has been applied to study the liquid scintillator used in the KamLAND neutrino experiment. Detection limits of <f><2.4×10−15</f> g <f>40</f>K/g LS, <f><5.5×10−15</f> g Th/g LS, and <f><8×10−15</f> g U/g LS have been achieved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID scintillators
KW  - NEUTRON beams
KW  - VOLATILITY (Finance)
KW  - KamLAND
KW  - Liquid scintillator
KW  - Low background
KW  - NAA
KW  - Neutrino oscillations
KW  - Trace element
N1  - Accession Number: 10322845; Djurcic, Z. 1 Glasgow, D. 2 Hu, L.-W. 3 McKeown, R.D. 4 Piepke, A. 1; Email Address: andreas@bama.ua.edu Swinney, R. 4 Tipton, B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, 206 Gallalee P.O. Box 970324, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0324, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  3: Nuclear Reactor Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA  4: W.K. Kellogg Radiation Laboratory, Caltech, Pasadena, CA, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 507 Issue 3, p680; Subject Term: LIQUID scintillators; Subject Term: NEUTRON beams; Subject Term: VOLATILITY (Finance); Author-Supplied Keyword: KamLAND; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid scintillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low background; Author-Supplied Keyword: NAA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trace element; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01362-7
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barbieri, Riccardo
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Marandella, Guido
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
AU  - Okui, Takemichi
AU  - Oliver, Steven J.
AU  - Papucci, Michele
T1  - Radiative electroweak symmetry breaking from a quasi-localized top quark
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/07/21/
VL  - 663
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We consider 5D supersymmetric <f>SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1)</f> theories compactified at the TeV scale on <f>S1/Z2</f> with supersymmetry broken by boundary conditions. Localizing the top quark at a boundary of a fifth dimension by a bulk mass term <f>Mt</f>, reduces the strength of radiative electroweak symmetry breaking. For <f>MtR&ap;1</f>–<f>2</f>, the natural value for the top and bottom squark masses are raised to <f>500</f>–<f>1200 GeV</f>, and all other superpartners may have masses of the compactification scale, which has a natural range of <f>1/R≃1.5</f>–<f>3.5 TeV</f>. The superpartner masses depend only on <f>1/R</f>, and are precisely correlated amongst themselves and with the mass of the Higgs boson, which is lighter than <f>130 GeV</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - 12.60.-i
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 10061512; Barbieri, Riccardo 1 Hall, Lawrence J. 2,3 Marandella, Guido 1 Nomura, Yasunori 2,3 Okui, Takemichi 2,3; Email Address: okui@thsrv.lbl.gov Oliver, Steven J. 2,3 Papucci, Michele 1; Affiliation:  1: Scuola Normale Superiore and INFN, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 663 Issue 1/2, p141; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.-i; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00371-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shim, Joongpyo
AU  - Striebel, Kathryn A.
T1  - Characterization of high-power lithium-ion cells during constant current cycling: Part I. Cycle performance and electrochemical diagnostics
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/07/23/
VL  - 122
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Twelve cm2 pouch type lithium-ion cells were assembled with graphite anodes, LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathodes and 1 M LiPF6/EC/DEC electrolyte. These pouch cells were cycled at different depths of discharge (100 and 70% DOD) at room temperature to investigate cycle performance and pulse power capability. The capacity loss and power fade of the cells cycled over 100% DOD was significantly faster than the cell cycled over 70% DOD. The overall cell impedance increased with cycling, although the ohmic resistance from the electrolyte was almost constant. From electrochemical analysis of each electrode after cycling, structural and/or impedance changes in the cathode are responsible for most of the capacity and power fade, not the consumption of cycleable Li from side-reactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Capacity fade
KW  - Cycle performance
KW  - Impedance
KW  - Lithium-ion battery
N1  - Accession Number: 10178514; Shim, Joongpyo 1 Striebel, Kathryn A.; Email Address: kastriebel@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 122 Issue 2, p188; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacity fade; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cycle performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion battery; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00351-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burkhardt, H.
AU  - Lowe, J.
AU  - Stephenson Jr., G.J.
AU  - Goldman, T.
T1  - The wavelength of neutrino and neutral kaon oscillations
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/07/24/
VL  - 566
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Neutral kaons, and probably also neutrinos, exhibit oscillations between flavor eigenstates, as a result of being produced in a superposition of mass eigenstates. Several recent papers have addressed the question of the energies and momenta of the components of these states, and their effect on the coherence of the states and on the wavelength of the oscillations. We point out that the mass eigenstates need have neither equal momentum nor equal energy, but can nevertheless be coherent, and that a correct treatment of the kinematics recovers the usual result for the wavelength of the flavor oscillations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - 14.60.Pq
KW  - Kaons
KW  - Neutrinos
KW  - Oscillations
N1  - Accession Number: 10179003; Burkhardt, H. 1 Lowe, J. 1; Email Address: lowe@panda3.phys.unm.edu Stephenson Jr., G.J. 1 Goldman, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Astronomy Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 566 Issue 1/2, p137; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.60.Pq; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kaons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrinos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oscillations; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00776-7
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jalil, Pasl A.
AU  - Faiz, M.
AU  - Tabet, N.
AU  - Hamdan, N.M.
AU  - Hussain, Z.
T1  - A study of the stability of tungstophosphoric acid, H3PW12O40, using synchrotron XPS, XANES, hexane cracking, XRD, and IR spectroscopy
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/07/25/
VL  - 217
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
SN  - 00219517
AB  - Tungstophosphoric acid (HPW) has been investigated using different spectroscopic and chemical techniques. Bulk-sensitive techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy indicate that the acid is stable at temperatures as high as 300 °C or higher. However, our work suggests that, besides the surface dehydration, HPW starts loosing stability at temperatures as low as 200 °C. For instance, P 2p peak was not detected in the synchrotron radiation XPS spectrum of HPW preheated at 100 °C, but was clearly observed after preheating the acid at 200 and 400 °C. This suggests the destruction of the molecules of the surface leading to the apparent enrichment of surface with phosphorous. These results may explain why HPW deactivates very fast, e.g., 8 min at 200 °C, in hexane-cracking experiments. This could limit the use of HPW in surface reactions that even require moderate temperatures. Detailed infrared spectroscopic investigation of the HPW as a function of temperature showed a gradual increase in absorbance of the W&z.sbnd;O&z.sbnd;W corner-shared vibration relative to the absorbance of the other bands. This indicates that the symmetry, and hence the stability, of the molecule was decreased upon heating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACIDS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 9853497; Jalil, Pasl A. 1; Email Address: jpabdel@kfupm.edu.sa Faiz, M. 2 Tabet, N. 2 Hamdan, N.M. 3 Hussain, Z. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia  2: Physics Department, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia  3: ALS, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 217 Issue 2, p292; Subject Term: ACIDS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9517(03)00066-6
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Wirth, B.D.
AU  - Odette, G.R.
T1  - Precipitation in neutron-irradiated Fe–Cu and Fe–Cu–Mn model alloys: a comparison of APT and SANS data
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/07/25/
VL  - 353
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The size, number density and compositions of ultrafine copper–manganese precipitates that form in Fe–0.80at.% Cu and Fe–0.78at.% Cu–1.05at.% Mn model alloys that were neutron irradiated to a fluence of ∼1×1023 nm−2 (E>1 MeV) at 288 °C have been estimated by atom probe tomography and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments. The number density of precipitates was approximately an order of magnitude higher in the Fe–Cu–Mn alloy than in the Fe–Cu alloy. A direct comparison of the microstructural parameters estimated by each technique revealed good agreement between the radii of gyration and the number densities. However, the copper content in precipitates inferred from SANS was significantly higher than estimated from the atom probe results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Atom probe
KW  - Microstructural characterization
KW  - Neutron irradiation
KW  - Precipitation
KW  - Small-angle neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 9856125; Miller, M.K. 1; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Wirth, B.D. 2 Odette, G.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy, Microanalysis and Microstructure Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-353, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 353 Issue 1/2, p133; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructural characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle neutron scattering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00679-2
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Kenik, E.A.
AU  - Russell, K.F.
AU  - Heatherly, L.
AU  - Hoelzer, D.T.
AU  - Maziasz, P.J.
T1  - Atom probe tomography of nanoscale particles in ODS ferritic alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/07/25/
VL  - 353
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
SN  - 09215093
AB  - An atom probe tomography characterization of the microstructure of as-processed and crept mechanically-alloyed, oxide-dispersion-strengthened (MA/ODS) ferritic alloys has been performed. The significant enrichments of Cr, W, Ti, Y, O, C and B in the vicinity of dislocations and the presence of ultrastable 4-nm-diameter Ti-, Y- and O-enriched particles appears to be responsible for their improved high temperature mechanical properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - 61.72.Ff
KW  - Atom probe
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Mechanical alloying
KW  - Microstructural characterization
KW  - Precipitation
KW  - Segregation
N1  - Accession Number: 9856126; Miller, M.K.; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Kenik, E.A. 1 Russell, K.F. 1 Heatherly, L. 1 Hoelzer, D.T. 1 Maziasz, P.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy, Microanalysis and Microstructure Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 4500S, MS 6136, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 353 Issue 1/2, p140; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Ff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical alloying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructural characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segregation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00680-9
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan
AU  - M. B.
AU  - Iron
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Redfern
AU  - P. C.
AU  - Martin
AU  - J. M. L.
AU  - Curtiss
AU  - L. A.
AU  - Radom
AU  - L.
T1  - Heats of Formation of Alkali Metal and Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides and Hydroxides:  Surprisingly Demanding Targets for High-Level ab Initio Procedures.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/07/27/
VL  - 107
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 5617
EP  - 5630
SN  - 10895639
AB  - High-level ab initio calculations, including variants of the Wn and G3 procedures, have been used to determine the structures and heats of formation of the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides (M2O, MOH:  M = Li, Na, and K; MO, M(OH)2:  M = Be, Mg, and Ca). Our best structures were obtained at the CCSD(T)(riv,rv)/aug‘-cc-pWCVQZ level and are in uniformly close agreement with available experimental data, with a mean absolute deviation from experimental metal−oxygen bond lengths of just 0.007 Å.Structures obtained with CCSD(T)/cc-pWCVQZ, B3-LYP/cc-pVTZ, B3-LYP/6-31G(2df,p), and MP2(full)/6-311+G(3df,2p) are also in good agreement with experiment. Zero-point vibrational energies and enthalpy temperature corrections are found to be relatively insensitive to the various procedures employed. However, the heats of formation for these molecules are challenging targets for high-level ab initio procedures. In the Wn-type procedures, it is found that expanding the correlation space on the metal atoms from the normal relaxed valence (rv) (or frozen-core) specification to relaxed inner valence (riv) requires the use of newly developed core-valence basis sets (cc-pWCVnZ) in the extrapolation calculations to obtain reliable results. Our best calculated heats of formation (ΔHf 298) come from a procedure designated W2C//ACQ, while G3[CC](dir,full) is the best of the G3-type procedures. Recommended ΔHf 298 values, weighted toward the W2C//ACQ results, are −157 ± 5 (Li2O), −25 ± 5 (Na2O), −60 ± 5 (K2O), +130 ± 12 (BeO), +142 ± 10 (MgO), +26 ± 17 (CaO), −239 ± 5 (LiOH), −189 ± 5 (NaOH), −223 ± 5 (KOH), −632 ± 7 (Be(OH)2), −547 ± 5 (Mg(OH)2), and −604 ± 19 (Ca(OH)2) kJ mol-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 19791819; Sullivan M. B. 1 Iron M. A. 1 Redfern P. C. 1 Martin J. M. L. 1 Curtiss L. A. 1 Radom L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Re h ovot, Israel, Chemistry and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60515, and School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 29, p5617; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wishart
AU  - J. F.
AU  - Neta
AU  - P.
T1  - Spectrum and Reactivity of the Solvated Electron in the Ionic Liquid Methyltributylammonium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/29/
VL  - 107
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 7261
EP  - 7267
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Fast pulse radiolysis transient absorption experiments were conducted on the ionic liquid methyltributylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (R4NNTf2). The solvated electron was observed to have a very broad absorption band peaking around 1410 nm (ε = 2.2 × 104 L mol-1 cm-1) and a radiolytic yield (G) of 0.7 × 10-7 mol J-1. Dry electron capture by aromatic solutes, such as benzophenone and pyrene, is very efficient in R4NNTf2. Reactions of the solvated electron with the same compounds are diffusion limited, with rate constants of only k ≉ (1-2) × 108 L mol-1 s-1 due to the high viscosity of the ionic liquid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION chemistry
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - IONIC solutions
KW  - IMIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 12076616; Wishart J. F. 1 Neta P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, and Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899-8381; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 30, p7261; Subject Term: RADIATION chemistry; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: IONIC solutions; Subject Term: IMIDES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holroyd
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Wishart
AU  - J. F.
AU  - Nishikawa
AU  - M.
AU  - Itoh
AU  - K.
T1  - Reactions of Charged Species in Supercritical Xenon as Studied by Pulse Radiolysis.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/29/
VL  - 107
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 7281
EP  - 7287
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The results of an initial study of the pulse radiolysis of supercritical xenon are reported. In pure xenon, transients are formed that absorb broadly throughout the visible. These transients are assigned to excimer species, Xe2*, on the basis of lifetime and kinetic data. The formation of excimers by electron-ion recombination was time-resolved by pulse-probe measurements. The excimers can be quenched by adding small amounts of ethane, which then facilitates detection of other transients by absorption spectroscopy. The added ethane also accelerates the thermalization of electrons and allows measurements of fast reaction rates of thermal electrons. Electron attachment to hexafluorobenzene occurs near the maximum rate at high pressures in xenon-ethane mixtures. The C6F6- anion formed absorbs with a maximum at 500 nm and disappears by second-order kinetics. The mobility of this anion, as measured by conductivity, indicates sizable clusters of solvent around the ion at all pressures, which are of maximum size near critical density. The rate of electron transfer from C6F6- to benzoquinone exceeds 1 × 1011 m-1 s-1 at most pressures. The rate maximizes near 62 bar at 21.4 °C. A maximum at this pressure is predicted by diffusion. The maximum is related to the increase in cluster size around the anion, which occurs at this pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - XENON
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 12076619; Holroyd R. A. 1 Wishart J. F. 1 Nishikawa M. 1 Itoh K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 30, p7281; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng
AU  - Y.
AU  - Case
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Wishart
AU  - J. F.
AU  - McLendon
AU  - G. L.
T1  - Do Main Chain Hydrogen Bonds Create Dominant Electron Transfer Pathways? An Investigation in Designed Proteins.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/29/
VL  - 107
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 7288
EP  - 7292
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We have investigated the contribution of main chain hydrogen bond (H-bond) pathways to the tunneling matrix elements which control electron transfer (ET) rates across an α-helical protein matrix. The paradigm system for these investigations is a metal ion-assembled parallel three-helix bundle protein that contains a ruthenium(II) tris(bipyridyl) electron donor and a ruthenium(III) pentammine electron acceptor separated by a direct metal to metal distance of ca. 19 Å, requiring tunneling through 15 Å of α-helical peptide. The putative ET pathway was modulated by a synthetic strategy in which specific main chain amide moieties along an α-helix were replaced by ester linkages that cannot form equivalent H-bonds. A simple pathway analysis implies a role for such H-bonds in facilitating electron transfer. Within the accuracy of the computational predictions, specific H-bonded pathway models do not predict the differences in the measured ET rates between the parent construct and the different H-bond deletion variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - METAL ions
N1  - Accession Number: 12076620; Zheng Y. 1 Case M. A. 1 Wishart J. F. 1 McLendon G. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: The Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-1009, and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 30, p7288; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: METAL ions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dimitrijevic
AU  - N. M.
AU  - Saponjic
AU  - Z. V.
AU  - Bartels
AU  - D. M.
AU  - Thurnauer
AU  - M. C.
AU  - Tiede
AU  - Rajh
AU  - T.
T1  - Revealing the Nature of Trapping Sites in Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide by Selective Surface Modification.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/07/29/
VL  - 107
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 7368
EP  - 7375
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Excess electrons in nanocrystalline TiO2 were studied in bare and dopamine-capped TiO2 nanoparticles by electron-beam pulse radiolysis. Reaction of hydrated electrons with dopamine-capped TiO2 nanoparticles was found to be at the diffusion-controlled limit, k = 1 × 1011 M-1 s-1, while the reaction with 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl radicals, (CH3)2ĊOH, was 2 orders of magnitude slower, k = 4 × 108 M-1 s-1. The reactions result in injection of electrons into the conduction band of TiO2 nanoparticles. Optical absorption spectra of injected excess electrons in dopamine-capped nanoparticles display monotonic featureless wavelength dependence up to 1800 nm. In contrast, bare particles have shown two preferential optical transitions with energies in the visible region (λmax = 670 nm and λmax = 900 nm). Flat band potential of dopamine-capped TiO2 nanoparticles was shifted by 100 mV to more negative values. The strong coupling of dopamine to surface Ti atoms was also found to improve the separation of photogenerated charges. This was demonstrated by the enhanced efficiency of photogenerated electrons in reducing silver cations to metallic silver in systems linked via a dopamine bridge, compared to the same systems linked through carboxyl groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 12076633; Dimitrijevic N. M. 1 Saponjic Z. V. 1 Bartels D. M. 1 Thurnauer M. C. 1 Tiede Rajh T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 30, p7368; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DOPAMINE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Jie
AU  - Wesely, M.L.
T1  - On comparison of modeled surface flux variations to aircraft observations
JO  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
JF  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 117
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 01681923
AB  - Evaluation of models of air–surface exchange is facilitated by an accurate match of areas simulated with those seen by micrometeorological flux measurements. Here, spatial variations in fluxes estimated with the parameterized subgrid-scale surface (PASS) flux model were compared to flux variations seen aboard aircraft above the Walnut River Watershed (WRW) in Kansas. Despite interference by atmospheric eddies, the areas where the modeled sensible and latent heat fluxes were most highly correlated with the aircraft flux estimates were upwind of the flight segments. To assess whether applying a footprint function to the surface values would improve the model evaluation, a two-dimensional correlation distribution was used to identify the locations and relative importance of contributing modeled surface pixels upwind of each segment of the flight path. The agreement between modeled surface fluxes and aircraft measurements was improved when upwind fluxes were weighted with an optimized footprint parameter φ, which can be estimated from wind profiler data and surface eddy covariance. Variations of the flight-observed flux were consistently greater than those modeled at the surface, perhaps because of the smoothing effect of using 1 km pixels in the model. In addition, limited flight legs prevented sufficient filtering of the effects of atmospheric convection, possibly accounting for some of the more prominent changes in fluxes measured along the flight paths. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agricultural & Forest Meteorology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - WATERSHEDS
KW  - KANSAS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Aircraft
KW  - Eddy covariance
KW  - Footprint
KW  - Land surface model
KW  - Latent heat flux
KW  - Sensible heat flux
N1  - Accession Number: 10008656; Song, Jie 1; Email Address: jsong@geog.niu.edu Wesely, M.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geography, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 117 Issue 3/4, p159; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: WATERSHEDS; Subject Term: KANSAS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aircraft; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy covariance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Footprint; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land surface model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latent heat flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensible heat flux; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-1923(03)00042-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sichtermann, E.P.
AU  - Bennett, G.W.
AU  - Bousquet, B.
AU  - Brown, H.N.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Carey, R.M.
AU  - Cushman, P.
AU  - Danby, G.T.
AU  - Debevec, P.T.
AU  - Deile, M.
AU  - Deng, H.
AU  - Deninger, W.
AU  - Dhawan, S.K.
AU  - Druzhinin, V.P.
AU  - Duong, L.
AU  - Efstathiadis, E.
AU  - Farley, F.J.M.
AU  - Fedotovich, G.V.
AU  - Giron, S.
T1  - New Results from the Muon g - 2 Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Muon g - 2 collaboration has measured the anomalous magnetic g value, a = (g - 2)/2, of the positive muon with an unprecedented uncertainty of 0.7 parts per million. The result a[sub μ][sup +](expt) = 11659204(7)(5) × 10[sup -10], based on data collected in the year 2000 at Brookhaven National Laboratory, is in good agreement with the preceeding data on a[sub μ][sup +] and a[sub μ][sup -]. The measurement tests standard model theory, which at the level of the current experimental uncertainty involves quantum electrodynamics, quantum chromodynamics, and electroweak interaction in a significant way. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MUONS
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 10970337; Sichtermann, E.P. 1 Bennett, G.W. 2 Bousquet, B. 3 Brown, H.N. 2 Bunce, G. 2 Carey, R.M. 4 Cushman, P. 3 Danby, G.T. 2 Debevec, P.T. 5 Deile, M. 1 Deng, H. 1 Deninger, W. 5 Dhawan, S.K. 1 Druzhinin, V.P. 6 Duong, L. 3 Efstathiadis, E. 4 Farley, F.J.M. 1 Fedotovich, G.V. 6 Giron, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York  3: Department of Physics, University of Minnesota  4: Department of Physics, Boston University, Massachusetts  5: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois  6: Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Russia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607112
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bland, L.C.
T1  - Spin Physics at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The physics goals that will be addressed by colliding polarized protons at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are described. The RHIC spin program provides a new generation of experiments that will unfold the quark, anti-quark and gluon contributions to the proton's spin. In addition to these longer term goals, this paper describes what was learned from the first polarized proton collisions at √s=200 GeV. These collisions took place in a five-week run during the second year of RHIC operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - GLUONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10970327; Bland, L.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p98; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: GLUONS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607122
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Orginos, Konstantinos
T1  - Spin on the Lattice.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - I review the current status of hadronic structure computations on the lattice. I describe the basic lattice techniques and difficulties and present some of the latest lattice results; in particular recent results of the RBC group using domain wall fermions are also discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 10970321; Orginos, Konstantinos 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p166; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607128
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mischke, R.E.
T1  - Neutron Electric Dipole Moment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The status of experiments to measure the electric dipole moment of the neutron is presented and the planned experiment at Los Alamos is described. The goal of this experiment is an improvement in sensitivity of a factor of 50 to 100 over the current limit. It has the potential to reveal new sources of T and CP violation and to challenge calculations that propose extensions to the Standard Model. The experiment employs several advances in technique to reach its goals and the feasibility of meeting these technical challenges is currently under study. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - NEUTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10970312; Mischke, R.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p246; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607137
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lan-Chun Lu, Riad
AU  - Chan, A.
AU  - Chen, Y.C.
AU  - Ho, C.
AU  - Teng, P.K.
AU  - Choong, W.S.
AU  - Fu, Y.
AU  - Gidal, G.
AU  - Gu, P.
AU  - Jones, T.
AU  - Luk, K.B.
AU  - Turko, B.
AU  - Zyla, P.
AU  - James, C.
AU  - Volk, J.
AU  - Felix, J.
AU  - Burnstein, R.A.
AU  - Chakravorty, A.
AU  - Kaplan, D.M.
T1  - Measurement of αΩ in Ω- → ΛΚ- Decays.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The HyperCP experiment (E871) at Fermilab has collected the largest sample of hyperon decays in the world. With a data set of over a million Ω- → ΛΚ- decays we have measured the product of αΩαΛ from which we have extracted αΩ. This preliminary result indicates that αΩ is small, but non-zero. Prospects for a test of CP symmetry by comparing the α parameters in Ω- and Ω+ decays will be discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYPERONS
KW  - CONSERVATION laws (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970311; Lan-Chun Lu, Riad 1 Chan, A. 2 Chen, Y.C. 2 Ho, C. 2 Teng, P.K. 2 Choong, W.S. 3 Fu, Y. 3 Gidal, G. 3 Gu, P. 3 Jones, T. 3 Luk, K.B. 3 Turko, B. 3 Zyla, P. 4 James, C. 4 Volk, J. 5 Felix, J. 6 Burnstein, R.A. 6 Chakravorty, A. 6 Kaplan, D.M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Virginia, USA  2: Academia Sinica, Republic of China  3: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and University of California, USA  4: Fermilab, Batavia, USA  5: Universidad de Guanajuato, Mexico  6: Illinois Institute of Technology, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p251; Subject Term: HYPERONS; Subject Term: CONSERVATION laws (Physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607138
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Armstrong, D.S.
T1  - HAPPEX Parity Violation Experiments at Jefferson Lab.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The HAPPEX program of measurements of parity-violation in elastic electron scattering, in Hall A of Jefferson Lab, is presented. The results of the recently completed measurement on the proton at Q2 = 0.48 GeV2 are briefly reviewed. The plans are presented for the upcoming HAPPEX II measurement on the proton at Q2 = 0.1 GeV2, as well as the companion measurement with a 4He target at the same momentum transfer. These experiments are sensitive to strange quark contributions to the vector structure of the nucleon. The two new experiments will provide a precision measurement of the strangeness radius parameter, and the combination of the two experiments will also determine the strange contribution to the proton’s magnetic moment. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 10970308; Armstrong, D.S. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Dept of Physics, College of William & Mary, USA  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p267; Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607141
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Surrow, B.
T1  - Prospects on Constraining ΔG from Inclusive Jet Production in Polarized pp Collisions at RHIC in 2003.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 318
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The anticipated increase in luminosity and polarization for the RHIC spin run in 2003 together with the installation of spin rotators at the STAR interaction region will allow the first measurement of A[sub LL] in inclusive jet production at √s = 200GeV. This data should provide hints of the gluon polarization, ΔG/G, of the proton. In the long-term, the determination of the gluon polarization of the proton will be made through prompt-photon production and photon-jet coincidences. Other possibilities include di-jet production and heavy flavor production. The measurement of A[sub LL], the expected event rates, and simulation results based on the anticipated RHIC performance in 2003 will be described together with a discussion of various systematic error sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON-proton interactions
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10970298; Surrow, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p318; Subject Term: PROTON-proton interactions; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607151
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970298&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramsey, Gordon P.
T1  - Determining Spin-Flavor Dependent Distributions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 348
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Many of the present and planned polarization experiments are focusing on determination of the polarized glue. There is a comparable set of spin experiments which can help to extract information on the separate flavor-dependent polarized distributions. This talk will discuss possible sets of experiments, some of which are planned at BNL, CERN, DESY and JHF, which can be used to determine these distributions. Comments will include the estimated degree to which these distributions can be accurately found and the possible effects, if any, that the unpolarized distributions may have on this analysis. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970292; Ramsey, Gordon P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Loyola University Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p348; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607157
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970292&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jäger, Barbara
AU  - Stratmann, Marco
AU  - Vogelsang, Werner
T1  - NLO QCD Corrections to A[sub LL][sup π].
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present a calculation for single-inclusive large-pT pion production in longitudinally polarized pp collisions in next-to-leading order QCD. The corresponding double-spin asymmetry A[sub LL][sup π] for this process will soon be used at BNL-RHIC to measure Δg. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON-proton interactions
KW  - POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 10970291; Jäger, Barbara 1 Stratmann, Marco 1 Vogelsang, Werner 2; Affiliation:  1: Inst. for Theor. Physics, Univ. of Regensburg, Germany  2: RBBC and Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p353; Subject Term: PROTON-proton interactions; Subject Term: POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607158
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970291&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogawa, Akio
T1  - STAR Forward π0 Detector Upgrade.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 407
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Forward rapidity in hadron-hadron collisions is an interesting place to look because one can access high x quarks, which may be highly polarized, and also low x gluons. The STAR experiment at RHIC had a prototype Forward π0 Detector (FPD) composed of electromagnetic calorimeters in the forward region during the January 2002 run with the first polarized proton-proton collisions. In this paper, I will discuss some aspects of the data, such as the correlation measurement between the FPD and mid-rapidity detectors and measurements in the negative xF region. These data may provide clues to the origin of the single spin asymmetries AN which were measured at FNAL-E704 [1]. At the end, I will discuss the plan for the FPD upgrade for next RHIC run. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR track detectors
KW  - HADRON interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 10970280; Ogawa, Akio 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p407; Subject Term: NUCLEAR track detectors; Subject Term: HADRON interactions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607168
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970280&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fox, B.
T1  - Neutral Pion Measurements from PHENIX in Polarized Proton Collisions at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 412
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This report presents the preliminary result for the absolute neutral pion (π°) production cross section at √s = 200 GeV for η < 0.50 which was obtained from the proton-proton data collected by the PHENIX experiment in January, 2002 as a part of Run02 at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We compare this result to the prediction of a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculation and find good agreement. Since the beams were transversely polarized, these data will be used to measure the single-spin transverse asymmetry (A[sub N]). So, we also discuss the statistical precision for such a measurement. In future runs, the gluon polarization (ΔG/G) will be probed by measuring double-spin longitudinal asymmetries (A[sub LL]). We present an estimate for the statistical precision which is expected for the neutral pion measurement in the upcoming run and compare it to predictions from pQCD calculations using different polarized gluon densities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 10970279; Fox, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p412; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607169
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970279&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avakian, H.
T1  - Single-Spin Asymmetries at CLAS.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 434
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Significant single-spin azimuthal asymmetries have been observed in semi-inclusive pion production in the deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) of longitudinally polarized electrons off unpolarized hydrogen and polarized NH3 targets at CLAS detector at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). Issues related to the separation of current fragmentation, and the factorization of dependencies on x-Bjorken and the fractional energy z, at lowest beam energies where the DIS region is accessible, are also discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - PION production
N1  - Accession Number: 10970275; Avakian, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Virginia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p434; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: PION production; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607173
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970275&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasuko, Kazumi
AU  - Perdekamp, Matthias Grosse
AU  - Ogawa, Akio
AU  - Lange, Jens Soeren
AU  - Siegle, Viktor
T1  - Azimuthal Asymmetries in Fragmentation Processes at KEKB.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 454
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In unpolarized electron-positron annihilation, there may exist interesting and possibly non-zero azimuthal asymmetries, which measure novel chiral-odd fragmentation functions, such as the Collins-Heppelmann function, H[sub 1][sup ⊥], and the two-pion interference fragmentation function, δq⁁h. We will present the experimental method to extract these functions using e+e- collision data from the Belle experiment at KEK B-factory (KEKB). In addition to the considerable interest in the properties of these new fragmentation functions, they are expected to be a powerful tool in accessing proton quark transversity distributions. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-positron interactions
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 10970271; Hasuko, Kazumi 1,2 Perdekamp, Matthias Grosse 1 Ogawa, Akio 1,3 Lange, Jens Soeren 1,3 Siegle, Viktor 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, USA  2: RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p454; Subject Term: ELECTRON-positron interactions; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607177
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970271&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goto, Y.
T1  - Prospects of the Gluon Polarization Measurement at PHENIX.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) started operation as a polarized proton collider in December, 2001 with transverse-spin beams. From the data collected by the PHENIX experiment, we will report measurements of single transverse-spin asymmetries. From 2003, we will start the gluon polarization measurement with longitudinal-spin collisions. In this article, we report on the systematic studies performed in the previous run and then discuss the processes by which PHENIX intends to measure the gluon polarization during the next several years. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970262; Goto, Y. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Japan  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p499; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607186
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970262&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogawa, Akio
T1  - Spin Physics at STAR.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 504
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The question of how the spin degrees of freedom in the nucleon are organized has still not been fully answered even after recent polarized deep inelastic scattering experiments. Studying polarized proton-proton collisions will add new and unique information to improve our understanding of the spin structure of the nucleon. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) successfully accelerated and collided polarized proton beams in the beginning of 2002. STAR is one of the two large detectors at RHIC. STAR has been taking heavy ion collision data since 2000 and will have excellent capability for spin physics as well. In this paper, an overview of the STAR spin program is given, covering a wide range of physics topics including determination of gluon polarization, flavor separation of quark polarizations, and quark transversity. Some details about the STAR detector, including future upgrade plans, are presented. Results from the 2002 run with transversely polarized protons are summarized. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTON-proton interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 10970261; Ogawa, Akio 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p504; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTON-proton interactions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607187
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970261&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bültmann, S.
T1  - Elastic Polarized Proton Scattering at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 528
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The PP2PP Collaboration is investigating the elastic scattering process of polarized protons at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The center of mass energy, √s, and squared four-momentum transfer, -t, accessible to the experiment are 50 GeV < √s < 500 GeV and 4·10[sup -4] GeV²/c² < t <1.3 GeV²/c². During the 2002 polarized proton run about 3·10[sup 5] elastic events were collected in a 14 hour engineering run at a center of mass energy of √s = 200 GeV, covering 0.005 GeV²/c² < t < 0.030 GeV²/c². The experiment and its motivation is outlined and first results from the engineering run are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970257; Bültmann, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Department, Upton, NY; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p528; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607191
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970257&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bazilevsky, A.
AU  - Bland, L.
AU  - Bogdanov, A.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Deshpande, A.
AU  - En'yo, H.
AU  - Fox, B.
AU  - Fukao, Y.
AU  - Goto, Y.
AU  - Haggerty, J.
AU  - Imai, K.
AU  - Lenz, W.
AU  - von Lintig, D.
AU  - Liu, M.
AU  - Makdisi, Y.
AU  - Muto, R.
AU  - Nurushev, S.
AU  - Pascuzzi, E.
AU  - Purschke, M.L.
T1  - Measurement of Single Transverse-spin Asymmetry in Forward Production of Photons and Neutrons in pp Collisions at [formula].
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 584
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) was commissioned for polarized proton-proton collisions at the center of mass energy √s = 200 GeV during the run in 2001-2002. We have measured the single transverse-spin asymmetry A[sub N] for production of photons, neutral pions, and neutrons at the very forward angle. The asymmetries for the photon and neutral pion sample were consistent with zero within the experimental uncertainties. In contrast, the neutron sample exhibited an unexpectedly large asymmetry. This large asymmetry will be used for the non-destructive polarimeter for polarized proton beams at the collision points in the RHIC interaction region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTON-proton interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 10970246; Bazilevsky, A. 1 Bland, L. 2 Bogdanov, A. 3 Bunce, G. 1,2 Deshpande, A. 1 En'yo, H. 1,4 Fox, B. 1 Fukao, Y. 1,5 Goto, Y. 1,4 Haggerty, J. 2 Imai, K. 5 Lenz, W. 2 von Lintig, D. 2 Liu, M. 6 Makdisi, Y. 2 Muto, R. 4,5 Nurushev, S. 7 Pascuzzi, E. 1 Purschke, M.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  3: Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, State University Russia  4: RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan  5: Kyoto University, Japan  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  7: Institute for High Energy Physics, Russia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p584; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTON-proton interactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607202
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970246&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plaster, B.
AU  - Madey, R.
AU  - Semenov, A. Yu.
AU  - Taylor, S.
AU  - Aghalaryan, A.
AU  - Crouse, E.
AU  - MacLachlan, G.
AU  - Tajima, S.
AU  - Tireman, W.
AU  - Yan, Chenyu
AU  - Ahmidouch, A.
AU  - Anderson, B.D.
AU  - Arenhövel, H.
AU  - Asaturyan, R.
AU  - Baker, O.
AU  - Baldwin, A.R.
AU  - Breuer, H.
AU  - Carlini, R.
AU  - Christy, E.
T1  - The Electric Form Factor of the Neutron via Recoil Polarimetry to Q2 = 1.47 (GeV/c)2.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Jefferson Laboratory E93-038 collaboration conducted measurements of the ratio of the electric form factor to the magnetic form factor of the neutron, G[sub E][sup n]/G[sub M][sup n], via recoil polarimetry from the quasielastic 2H(evector ,e′nvector )1H reaction at three values of Q2 [viz., 0.45, 1.15, and 1.47 (GeV/c)2] in Hall C of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The preliminary results for G[sub E][sup n] at Q2 = 0.45 and 1.15 (GeV/c)2 are consistent with the Galster parameterization; however, the preliminary result for G[sub E][sup n] at Q2 = 1.47 (GeV/c)2 lies slightly above the Galster parameterization. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 10970238; Plaster, B. 1 Madey, R. 2,3 Semenov, A. Yu. 2 Taylor, S. 1 Aghalaryan, A. 4 Crouse, E. 5 MacLachlan, G. 6 Tajima, S. 7 Tireman, W. 2 Yan, Chenyu 2 Ahmidouch, A. 8 Anderson, B.D. 2 Arenhövel, H. 9 Asaturyan, R. 4 Baker, O. 10 Baldwin, A.R. 2 Breuer, H. 11 Carlini, R. 3 Christy, E. 10; Affiliation:  1: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge  2: Kent State University, Ohio  3: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Virginia  4: Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia  5: The College of William and Mary, Virginia  6: Ohio University, Athens  7: Duke University, North Carolina  8: North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro  9: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Germany  10: Hampton University, Virginia  11: University of Maryland, College Park; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p625; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607210
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970238&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reitz, Bodo
T1  - Measuring G[sub E][sup n] at High Momentum Transfers.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 634
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Experiment E02-013 at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility will extend the measured range of the neutron electric form factor G[sub E][sup n] to Q2=3.4 (GeV/c)2 through a measurement of the cross section asymmetry in the reaction 3Hvector e(evector ,e′n). Recent theoretical investigations, motivated by the results on the ratio of the proton electric and magnetic form factor, predict higher values of G[sub E][sup n] compared to older predictions. The experiment utilizes a polarized 3He target and the polarized CEBAF electron beam. Scattered electrons will be detected in the BigBite spectrometer, recoiling neutrons in an array of scintillators. The experimental and theoretical developments needed to perform the measurement and to extract G[sub E][sup n] from 3He will be described. Concepts of extending the measurement of G[sub E][sup n] to even higher momentum transfers will be discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - MOMENTUM transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 10970236; Reitz, Bodo 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p634; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: MOMENTUM transfer; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607212
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoblit, S.
AU  - Ardashev, K.
AU  - Bade, C.
AU  - Blecher, M.
AU  - Cacace, C.
AU  - Caracappa, A.
AU  - Cichocki, A.
AU  - Commeaux, C.
AU  - d'Angelo, A.
AU  - Deininger, R.
AU  - Didelez, J.-P.
AU  - Gibson, C.
AU  - Hicks, K.
AU  - Honig, A.
AU  - Kageya, T.
AU  - Khandaker, M.
AU  - Kistner, O.
AU  - Lehmann, A.
AU  - Lincoln, F.
T1  - First Photo-Pion Double Polarization Experiments Using Polarized Hvector Dvector at LEGS.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 651
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report preliminary results of π photo-production using polarized γ beams and a polarized HD target. Four observables can be extracted simultaneously from the data, the cross section, the beam asymmetry Σ, and the double-polarization observables G and E. The latter determines the GDH sum rule integral. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970233; Hoblit, S. 1 Ardashev, K. 1,2 Bade, C. 1,2 Blecher, M. 3 Cacace, C. 1 Caracappa, A. 1 Cichocki, A. 4 Commeaux, C. 5 d'Angelo, A. 6 Deininger, R. 2 Didelez, J.-P. 5 Gibson, C. 7 Hicks, K. 2 Honig, A. 6 Kageya, T. 2 Khandaker, M. 5 Kistner, O. 7 Lehmann, A. 2 Lincoln, F. 8; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  2: Ohio University, USA  3: Virginia Polytechnic Inst. & State Univ., Blackburg, USA  4: University of Virginia, USA  5: Université de Paris-sud/IN2P3, France  6: Università di Roma-"Tor Vergata" and INFN-Sezione di Roma2, Italy  7: University of South Carolina, USA  8: Syracuse University, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p651; Subject Term: POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607215
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970233&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guazzoni, P.
AU  - Zetta, L.
AU  - Covello, A.
AU  - Gargano, A.
AU  - Eisermann, Y.
AU  - Graw, G.
AU  - Hertenberger, R.
AU  - Wirth, H.-F.
AU  - Jaskola, M.
AU  - Bayman, B.
AU  - Ormand, W.E.
T1  - Spectroscopy of 120Sn Homologous Levels via the 123Sb(pvector ,α)120Sn Reaction.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 686
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In order to investigate the spectator role of the lg7/2 unpaired proton outside the Z=50 closed shell in the 123Sb nucleus and to test in this region the validity of the concept of homology, which we already tested in the Z=40 and Z=82 regions, the reaction 122Sn(pvector ,α)119 In was measured and the reaction 123Sb(pvector ,α)120 Sn is currently being studied. In the present contribution the multiplet of states of 120Sn, homologous to the 9/2+ 119In G.S. is described in details. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIMONY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10970226; Guazzoni, P. 1 Zetta, L. 1 Covello, A. 2 Gargano, A. 2 Eisermann, Y. 3 Graw, G. 3 Hertenberger, R. 3 Wirth, H.-F. 3 Jaskola, M. 4 Bayman, B. 5 Ormand, W.E. 6; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and I.N.F.N, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and I.N.F.N.I, Italy  3: Sektion Physik der Universitaet Muenche, Germany  4: Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Poland  5: Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Minnesota  6: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p686; Subject Term: ANTIMONY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607222
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970226&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamiya, J.
AU  - Hatanaka, K.
AU  - Sakemi, Y.
AU  - Wakasa, T.
AU  - Yoshida, H.P.
AU  - Obayashi, E.
AU  - Hara, K.
AU  - Kitamura, Y.
AU  - Shimizu, Y.
AU  - Fujita, K.
AU  - Sakamoto, N.
AU  - Sakaguchi, H.
AU  - Yosoi, M.
AU  - Uchida, M.
AU  - Yasuda, Y.
AU  - Shimbara, Y.
AU  - Adachi, T.
AU  - Noro, T.
AU  - Kawabata, T.
T1  - Study of the Spin Dependent 3He-Nucleus Interaction at 450 MeV.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 691
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The cross sections and analyzing powers were measured for 3He+12C, 58Ni, and 90Zr elastic scattering at T3He=450 MeV. The incident energy dependence of the volume integral per nucleon for 3He shows the similar behavior to that of protons if the spin-orbit potential is taken into account. This result supports the assumption that interactions between 3He and nucleus are dominated by the interactions between constituent nucleons of 3He and target nucleus in the intermediate energy region. The results of the single folding calculation suggest the interaction between point nucleon and target nucleus is modified in the 3He+nucleus elastic scattering. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10970225; Kamiya, J. 1 Hatanaka, K. 1 Sakemi, Y. 1 Wakasa, T. 1 Yoshida, H.P. 1 Obayashi, E. 1 Hara, K. 1 Kitamura, Y. 1 Shimizu, Y. 1 Fujita, K. 1 Sakamoto, N. 1 Sakaguchi, H. 2 Yosoi, M. 2 Uchida, M. 2 Yasuda, Y. 2 Shimbara, Y. 3 Adachi, T. 3 Noro, T. 4 Kawabata, T. 5; Affiliation:  1: Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Japan  2: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Japan  3: Department of Physics, Osaka University, Japan  4: Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Japan  5: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p691; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607223
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970225&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yako, K.
AU  - Sakai, H.
AU  - Greenfield, M.B.
AU  - Hatanaka, K.
AU  - Hatano, M.
AU  - Kamiya, J.
AU  - Kitamura, Y.
AU  - Maeda, Y.
AU  - Morris, C.L.
AU  - Okamura, H.
AU  - Rapaport, J.
AU  - Saito, T.
AU  - Sakemi, Y.
AU  - Sekiguchi, K.
AU  - Shimizu, Y.
AU  - Suda, K.
AU  - Tamii, A.
AU  - Uchigashima, N.
AU  - Wakasa, T.
T1  - Determination of the Gamow-Teller Quenching Factor via the90Zr(n, p) Reaction at 293 MeV.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 700
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The double differential cross sections at 0°–12° were measured for the 90Zr(n,p) reaction at 293 MeV in a wide excitation energy region of 0–70 MeV. The experiment was performed by using the (n,p) facility at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics. The multipole decomposition (MD) technique was applied to the measured cross sections to extract the GT component in the continuum. After subtracting the contribution of the isovector spin-monopole excitation we obtained the GT strength of Sβ+ = 3.0 ± 0.3 ± 0.8 ± 0.5 up to 31.4 MeV excitation. The quenching factor Q was deduced by using the present result and the Sβ- value obtained from the MD analysis of the 90Zr(p,n) spectra. The result is Q = 0.83 ± 0.06 in regards to Ikeda’s sum rule value of 3(N - Z) = 30. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - ISOBARIC spin
N1  - Accession Number: 10970223; Yako, K. 1 Sakai, H. 1 Greenfield, M.B. 2 Hatanaka, K. 3 Hatano, M. 1 Kamiya, J. 3 Kitamura, Y. 3 Maeda, Y. 1 Morris, C.L. 4 Okamura, H. 5 Rapaport, J. 6 Saito, T. 1 Sakemi, Y. 3 Sekiguchi, K. 7 Shimizu, Y. 3 Suda, K. 5 Tamii, A. 1 Uchigashima, N. 1 Wakasa, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Japan  2: International Christian University, Japan  3: Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Japan  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  5: Department of Physics, Saitama University, Japan  6: Department of Physics, Ohio University, USA  7: The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Japan; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p700; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: ISOBARIC spin; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607225
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970223&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ptitsyn, V.
AU  - Luccio, A.U.
AU  - Ranjbar, V.H.
T1  - The Analysis of Depolarization Factors in the Last RHIC Run.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 746
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Polarized proton beams were accelerated succesfully at RHIC up to 100Gev with the use of Siberian Snakes. Although the snakes were designed to preserve polarization, the succesful acceleration and storage of polarized beams was dependent also on beam characteristics, like closed orbit, betatron tunes and even betatron coupling. The high-order spin resonances were observed and evaluated. The paper summarizes depolarizing effects observed during the run. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970213; Ptitsyn, V. 1 Luccio, A.U. 1 Ranjbar, V.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973  2: Indiana University, Bloomington IN 47405; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p746; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607234
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970213&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perevedentsev, E.A.
AU  - Ptitsyn, V.
AU  - Shatunov, Yu.M.
T1  - Spin-Orbital Function Formalism and ASPIRRIN Code.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 761
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A spin-orbital function formalism is described. The formalism was realized in ASPIRRIN code that does beam polarization calculations at the first order. The code has been used for calculating equlibrium polarization and polarization time in electron rings with the complex geometry of applied magnetic fields as well for resonance strength analysis for proton accelerators. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
N1  - Accession Number: 10970210; Perevedentsev, E.A. 1 Ptitsyn, V. 2 Shatunov, Yu.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Russia  2: C-A Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p761; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607237
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970210&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cameron, P.
AU  - Conte, M.
AU  - Luccio, A.U.
AU  - MacKay, W.W.
AU  - Palazzi, M.
AU  - Pusterla, M.
T1  - The Relativistic Stern-Gerlach Interaction as a Tool for Attaining the Spin Separation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The relativistic Stern-Gerlach interaction is here considered as a tool for obtaining the spin state separation of an unpolarized (anti)proton beam circulating in a ring. Drawbacks, such as spin precessions within the TE rf cavity, spurious kicks due to the transverse electric field and, worst of all, filamentation in the longitudinal phase plane are analyzed. Possible remedies are proposed and their feasibility is discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10970206; Cameron, P. 1 Conte, M. 2 Luccio, A.U. 1 MacKay, W.W. 1 Palazzi, M. 2 Pusterla, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  2: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Genova, INFN Sezione di Genova, Italy  3: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Padova, INFN Sezione di Padova, Italy; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p781; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607241
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970206&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cameron, P.
AU  - Conte, M.
AU  - Luccio, A.U.
AU  - MacKay, W.W.
AU  - Palazzi, M.
AU  - Pusterla, M.
T1  - The Relativistic Stern-Gerlach Interaction and Quantum Mechanics Implications.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 786
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The time varying relativistic Stern-Gerlach force, which acts over a charged particle endowed with a magnetic moment, is deduced from the Dirac Hamiltonian finding its coincidence with the classical expression. Possible drawbacks related to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970205; Cameron, P. 1 Conte, M. 2 Luccio, A.U. 1 MacKay, W.W. 1 Palazzi, M. 2 Pusterla, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  2: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Genova, INFN Sezione di Genova, Italy  3: Dipartimento di Fiscia dell'Università di Padova, INFN Sezione di Padova, Italy; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p786; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607242
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970205&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Ahrens, L.
AU  - Bai, M.
AU  - Brown, K.A.
AU  - Glenn, J.W.
AU  - Luccio, A.U.
AU  - MacKay, W.W.
AU  - Montag, C.
AU  - Ptitsyn, V.
AU  - Ranjbar, V.
AU  - Roser, T.
AU  - Spinka, H.
AU  - Tsoupas, N.
AU  - Underwood, D.G.
AU  - Zeno, K.
T1  - Preserving Polarization through an Intrinsic Depolarizing Resonance with a Partial Snake at the AGS.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 794
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An 11.4% partial Siberian snake was used to successfully accelerate polarized protons through a strong intrinsic depolarizing spin resonance in the AGS. No noticeable depolarization was observed. This opens up the possibility of using a 20% partial Siberian snake in the AGS to overcome all weak and strong spin resonances. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 10970203; Huang, H. 1 Ahrens, L. 1 Bai, M. 1 Brown, K.A. 1 Glenn, J.W. 1 Luccio, A.U. 1 MacKay, W.W. 1 Montag, C. 1 Ptitsyn, V. 2 Ranjbar, V. 1 Roser, T. 3 Spinka, H. 1 Tsoupas, N. 3 Underwood, D.G. 1 Zeno, K.; Affiliation:  1: C-A Department, Broohaven National Laboratory, USA  2: Physics Department, Indiana University, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p794; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607244
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970203&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Courant, E.D.
T1  - Matching Quadrupoles for AGS Helical Snake.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 799
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Analyzes the quadrupoles for a helical snake inserted in AGS section I-20.  Analysis of orbit excursion in dual-pitch snake; Use of Maxwell's equation in analyzing the helical field which varies over the trajectory; Computation of the effective transfer for helix.
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - MAXWELL equations
N1  - Accession Number: 10970202; Courant, E.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p799; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607245
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970202&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinka, Harold
T1  - Proton Beam Polarimetry at BNL.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 807
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A brief overview is presented of the beam polarimeters in the LINAC - Booster - AGS - RHIC complex at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Absolute calibrations, performance, and outstanding issues for these polarimeters, as well as their interactions with the operations of the accelerators, are discussed. The role of systematic effects in the polarimeter data is emphasized. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIMETRY
KW  - PROTON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 10970201; Spinka, Harold 1; Affiliation:  1: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p807; Subject Term: POLARIMETRY; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607246
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970201&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alekseev, I.G.
AU  - Bravar, A.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Cadman, R.
AU  - Deshpande, A.
AU  - Dhawan, S.
AU  - Fields, D.E.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Hughes, V.
AU  - Igo, G.
AU  - Imai, K.
AU  - Jinnouchi, O.
AU  - Kanavets, V.P.
AU  - Kiryluk, J.
AU  - Kurita, K.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Lozowski, W.
AU  - MacKay, W.W.
AU  - Makdisi, Y.
T1  - RHIC pC CNI Polarimeter: Experimental Setup and Physics Results.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 812
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Acceleration of polarized proton beams and experiments with them at RHIC require fast and reliable measurements of the polarization. The polarimeter presented here uses very high figure of merit of the elastic pC scattering at very low momenta transfer since the cross section is large. Small (a few percent) analysing power of the reaction makes it necessary to collect about 107 events per measurement. A deadtimeless DAQ system for the polarimeter is discussed in this paper. It is based on the waveform digitizer modules with “on-board” event analysis, resulting in typical polarization measurement times of several tens of seconds. During winter 2001/2002 RHIC polarized run several dedicated data runs were taken by the polarimeter to extract the form of the analyzing power dependence as a function of the momentum transferred at beam energies 24 and 100 GeV. This dependence is extremely important for the theoretical understanding of the CNI process including the contribution of the spin-flip hadronic amplitude. The new data may become an input to some theoretical models predicting the energy dependence of the analyzing power. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - POLARISCOPE
N1  - Accession Number: 10970200; Alekseev, I.G. 1 Bravar, A. 2 Bunce, G. 2,3 Cadman, R. 4 Deshpande, A. 3 Dhawan, S. 5 Fields, D.E. 3,6 Huang, H. 2 Hughes, V. 5 Igo, G. 7 Imai, K. 8 Jinnouchi, O. 9 Kanavets, V.P. 1 Kiryluk, J. 7 Kurita, K. 3,10 Li, Z. 2 Lozowski, W. 11 MacKay, W.W. 2 Makdisi, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, B. Cheremushkinskaya, Russia  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  3: RIKEN BNL Research Center, USA  4: Argonne National Laboratory, USA  5: Yale University, New Haven, USA  6: University of New Mexico, USA  7: UCLA, Los Angeles, USA  8: Kyoto University, Japan  9: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Japan  10: Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Japan  11: Indiana University Cyclotron Facility, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p812; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: POLARISCOPE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607247
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970200&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinnouchi, O.
AU  - Alekseev, I.G.
AU  - Bland, L.C.
AU  - Bravar, A.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Cadman, R.
AU  - Deshpande, A.
AU  - Dhawan, S.
AU  - Fields, D.E.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Hughes, V.
AU  - Igo, G.
AU  - Imai, K.
AU  - Kanavets, V.P.
AU  - Kiryluk, J.
AU  - Kurita, K.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Lozowski, W.
AU  - MacKay, W.W.
T1  - RHIC pC CNI Polarimeter: Status and Performance from the First Collider Run.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 817
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Polarimeters using the proton carbon elastic scattering process in Coulomb Nuclear Interference (CNI) region were installed in two RHIC rings. Polarization measurements were successfully carried out with the high energy polarized proton beams for the first polarized pp collision run. The physics principles, performance, and polarization measurements are presented. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARISCOPE
KW  - PROTONS -- Scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10970199; Jinnouchi, O. 1 Alekseev, I.G. 2 Bland, L.C. 3 Bravar, A. 3 Bunce, G. 3,4 Cadman, R. 5 Deshpande, A. 4 Dhawan, S. 6 Fields, D.E. 4,7 Huang, H. 3 Hughes, V. 6 Igo, G. 8 Imai, K. 9 Kanavets, V.P. 2 Kiryluk, J. 8 Kurita, K. 4,10 Li, Z. 3 Lozowski, W. 11 MacKay, W.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Japan  2: Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Russia  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  4: RIKEN BNL Research Center, USA  5: Argonne National Laboratory, USA  6: Yale University, New Haven, USA  7: University of New Mexico, USA  8: UCLA, Los Angeles, USA  9: Kyoto University, Japan  10: Rikko University, Japan  11: Indiana University Cyclotron Facility, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p817; Subject Term: POLARISCOPE; Subject Term: PROTONS -- Scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607248
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970199&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Azhgirey, L.S.
AU  - Arefiev, V.A.
AU  - Atanasov, I.
AU  - Basilev, S.N.
AU  - Bushuev, Yu.P.
AU  - Glagolev, V.V.
AU  - Jones, M.K.
AU  - Kirillov, D.A.
AU  - Korovin, P.P.
AU  - Kumbartzky, G.F.
AU  - Manyakov, P.K.
AU  - Mušinský, J.
AU  - Penchev, L.
AU  - Perdrisat, C.F.
AU  - Piskunov, N.M.
AU  - Punjabi, V.
AU  - Sitink, I.M.
AU  - Slepnev, V.M.
AU  - Slepnev, I.V.
T1  - Measurement of Analyzing Powers for Polarized Proton Scattering on CH2 Target at Proton Momentum Range from 1.75 to 5.3 GeV/c.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 826
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report a new measurement of analyzing powers for the reaction pvector + CH2 → one charged particle +X, at proton momenta of 1.75, 3.8, 4.5 and 5.3 GeV/c. These results extend the existing data basis, necessary for proton polarimetry at intermediate energy, and confirm the feasibility of an extended polarimeter based on this process. The experiment is performed at the accelerator complex of the JINR-LHE (Dubna). © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS -- Scattering
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970198; Azhgirey, L.S. 1 Arefiev, V.A. 1 Atanasov, I. 2 Basilev, S.N. 1 Bushuev, Yu.P. 1 Glagolev, V.V. 1 Jones, M.K. 3 Kirillov, D.A. 1 Korovin, P.P. 1 Kumbartzky, G.F. 4 Manyakov, P.K. 1 Mušinský, J. 1 Penchev, L. 5 Perdrisat, C.F. 5 Piskunov, N.M. 1 Punjabi, V. 6 Sitink, I.M. 1 Slepnev, V.M. 1 Slepnev, I.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia  2: Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgaria  3: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, USA  4: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA  5: College of William and Mary, USA  6: Norfolk State University, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p826; Subject Term: PROTONS -- Scattering; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607249
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970198&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bravar, A.
T1  - The Absolute Polarimeter for RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 830
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A polarimeter to measure the absolute polarization of the RHIC proton beams using an internal polarized hydrogen gas jet target is being built at BNL. The chosen polarimetric process is elastic pp scattering at very low momentum transfer in the Coulomb Nuclear Interference region. In this talk I’ll discuss the beam polarization measurement and the attainable precisions. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARISCOPE
KW  - PROTON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 10970197; Bravar, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p830; Subject Term: POLARISCOPE; Subject Term: PROTON beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607250
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970197&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kageya, Tsuneo
AU  - Bade, Christopher M.
AU  - Caracappa, Anthony
AU  - Lincoln, Frank C.
AU  - Lowry, Michael M.
AU  - Mahon, John C.
AU  - Miceli, Lino
AU  - Sandorfi, Andrew M.
AU  - Thorn, Craig E.
AU  - Xiadong Wei, Craig E.
AU  - Whisnant, C. Steven
T1  - Status of Frozen-spin Polarized HD Targets for Spin Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 857
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The first experiments have been carried out with polarized HD targets at the Laser-Electron-Gamma-Source (LEGS) facility. By holding targets at low temperature and high field (17 mK and 15 Tesla) in a Dilution Refrigerator (DF) for six weeks a frozen-spin state was reached, with equilibrium polarizations for protons and deuterons of 70% and 17%, respectively. Multiple measurements of the relaxation times and multiple transfers of the targets reduced these values so that experimental runs were carried out with polarizations of 30% and 6%, respectively. The relaxation times for protons and deuterons were observed to be 13 days and 36 days, respectively, in the beam line cryostat at 1.3 K and 0.7 Tesla magnetic field. For the future runs significantly higher D polarizations are possible by transfer of spin from the proton to the deuteron using an rf forbidden adiabatic fast passage. Higher polarizations and longer relaxation times are expected from ongoing development. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - REFRIGERATORS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970191; Kageya, Tsuneo 1,2 Bade, Christopher M. 2,3 Caracappa, Anthony 2 Lincoln, Frank C. 2 Lowry, Michael M. 2 Mahon, John C. 3 Miceli, Lino 2 Sandorfi, Andrew M. 2 Thorn, Craig E. 2 Xiadong Wei, Craig E. 2 Whisnant, C. Steven 4; Affiliation:  1: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  3: Ohio University, USA  4: James Madison University, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p857; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: REFRIGERATORS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414220 Household appliance merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423620 Household Appliances, Electric Housewares, and Consumer Electronics Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335222 Household Refrigerator and Home Freezer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335223 Major kitchen appliance manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607256
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970191&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bade, Christopher M.
AU  - Caracappa, Anthony
AU  - Kageya, Tsuneo
AU  - Lincoln, Frank C.
AU  - Lowry, Michael M.
AU  - Mahon, John C.
AU  - Miceli, Lino
AU  - Sandorfi, Andrew M.
AU  - Thorn, Craig E.
AU  - Xiangdong Wei
AU  - Whisnant, C. Steven
T1  - Brute Force with a Gentle Touch: Vibration Isolation Techniques Used to Increase HD Target Polarization.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 862
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The performance of statically polarized high-field/low-temperature targets is a strong function of the base temperature during polarization. At the Laser-Electron Gamma Source (LEGS) facility, highly polarized Hydrogen Deuteride targets are created in a dilution refrigerator/15 tesla superconducting magnet system, and converted to a frozen spin state. This allows them to retain polarization when placed in a beam at a lower field (0.7 T) and higher temperature (1.3 K). An increase in temperature from the 0 T state to the 15 T state of the refrigerator suggested eddy currents were primarily responsible for heating of the cold finger. Vibration-isolation techniques have been developed to reduce the level of eddy currents due to vibration inside the polarizing field. These techniques reduced the amplitude of vibration due to the pumping system by two orders of magnitude and lowered the cold finger temperature with field energized from ∼ 17 mK to ∼ 12 mK. The potential gain in polarization is substantial. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DEUTERONS -- Polarization
N1  - Accession Number: 10970190; Bade, Christopher M. 1,2 Caracappa, Anthony 2 Kageya, Tsuneo 2,3 Lincoln, Frank C. 2 Lowry, Michael M. 2 Mahon, John C. 1 Miceli, Lino 2 Sandorfi, Andrew M. 2 Thorn, Craig E. 2 Xiangdong Wei 2 Whisnant, C. Steven 4; Affiliation:  1: Ohio University, Athens, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  3: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA  4: James Madison University, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p862; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DEUTERONS -- Polarization; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607257
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970190&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caracappa, Anthony
AU  - Thorn, Craig
T1  - Target Polarization Measurements with a Crossed-Coil NMR Polarimeter.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 867
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have performed a complete electronic circuit analysis of the crossed coil NMR polarimeter (CC-meter), and from this analysis we have determined the optimum conditions for its operation. From this analysis, which is confirmed by NMR measurements on hydrogen, we conclude that the CC-meter can be operated to give a very high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for thermal equilibrium polarization while also producing a highly linear response for fully polarized targets. In general, a well-designed and properly constructed CC-meter can provide a larger SNR at similar non-linearity, compared to the more commonly used Q-meter. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARISCOPE
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 10970189; Caracappa, Anthony 1 Thorn, Craig 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p867; Subject Term: POLARISCOPE; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607258
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970189&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zelenski, A.
AU  - Alessi, J.
AU  - Briscoe, B.
AU  - Kponou, A.
AU  - Kokhanovski, S.
AU  - Klenov, V.
AU  - LoDestro, V.
AU  - Raparia, D.
AU  - Ritter, J.
AU  - Zubets, V.
T1  - Polarization Optimization Studies in the RHIC Optically-Pumped Polarized H-Ion Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 881
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The performance of the RHIC Optically-Pumped Polarized H- Ion Source (OPPIS) in 2000–2002 runs in AGS and RHIC is reviewed. The OPPIS met the RHIC requirements for beam intensity with the reliable delivery of about 500 μA polarized H- ion current in 400 μs pulse duration (current can be increased to over 1.0 mA, if necessary). The beam intensity at 200 MeV was (5–6) 1011 H-/pulse, which is sufficient to obtain the required 2·1011 polarized protons per bunch in RHIC. The polarization dilution by molecular ions, which are produced in the ECR primary proton source is discussed. The molecular component can be reduced to about 5% by further ECR source-operation optimization. The molecular component is suppressed by optimization of the extraction electrode optics and by the decelerating einzel lens in the 35 keV LEBT line. As a result, the proton polarization of the accelerated beam was increased to over 80%, as measured in the 200 MeV proton-deuterium polarimeter. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 10970186; Zelenski, A. 1 Alessi, J. 1 Briscoe, B. 1 Kponou, A. 1 Kokhanovski, S. 2 Klenov, V. 2 LoDestro, V. 1 Raparia, D. 1 Ritter, J. 1 Zubets, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  2: INR, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p881; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607261
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970186&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zelenski, A.
AU  - Alessi, J.
AU  - Bravar, A.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Chapman, M.A.
AU  - Graham, D.
AU  - Haeberli, W.
AU  - Hseuh, H.
AU  - Klenov, V.
AU  - Kolster, H.
AU  - Kokhanovski, S.
AU  - Kponou, A.
AU  - Lodestro, V.
AU  - MacKay, W.
AU  - Mahler, G.
AU  - Makdisi, Y.
AU  - Meng, W.
AU  - Ritter, J.
AU  - Roser, T.
T1  - Polarized H- Jet Polarimeter For Absolute Proton Polarization Measurements in RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 954
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Status of the H-jet polarimeter development is reviewed. A number of design issues are discussed including vacuum system, integration into the RHIC storage ring, scattering chamber, and uniform vertical holding field magnet design. The absolute proton polarization of the atomic hydrogen-jet target will be measured to 3% accuracy by a Breit- systematic error contribution to the jet-target polarization measurements is also discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARISCOPE
KW  - PROTONS -- Polarization
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10970171; Zelenski, A. 1 Alessi, J. 1 Bravar, A. 1 Bunce, G. 1 Chapman, M.A. 2 Graham, D. 1 Haeberli, W. 2 Hseuh, H. 3 Klenov, V. 4 Kolster, H. 5 Kokhanovski, S. 1 Kponou, A. 1 Lodestro, V. 1 MacKay, W. 1 Mahler, G. 1 Makdisi, Y. 1 Meng, W. 1 Ritter, J. 1 Roser, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: University of Wisconsin  3: IUCF  4: INFR, Moscow  5: MIT, Bates; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p954; Subject Term: POLARISCOPE; Subject Term: PROTONS -- Polarization; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607276
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10970171&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grames, J.
AU  - Adderley, P.
AU  - Baylac, M.
AU  - Clark, J.
AU  - Day, A.
AU  - Hansknecht, J.
AU  - Poelker, M.
AU  - Stutzman, M.
T1  - Status of the Jefferson Lab Polarized Beam Physics Program and Preparations for Upcoming Parity Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1047
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An ambitious nuclear physics research program continues at Jefferson Lab with Users at three experiment halls receiving reliable, highly polarized electrons at currents to 100 μA. The polarized photoguns and drive lasers that contribute to Jefferson Lab’s success will be described as well as significant events since PES2000. Typical of conditions at accelerators worldwide, success brings new challenges. Beam quality specifications continue to become more demanding as Users conduct more challenging experiments. In the months that follow this workshop, two parity violation experiments will begin at Jefferson Lab, G0 and HAPPEx2. The photogun requirements for these experiments will be discussed as well as our plans to eliminate/minimize systematic errors. Recent efforts to construct high power Ti-Sapphire drive lasers for these experiments also will be discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 10970152; Grames, J. 1 Adderley, P. 1 Baylac, M. 1 Clark, J. 1 Day, A. 1 Hansknecht, J. 1 Poelker, M. 1 Stutzman, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p1047; Subject Term: POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607294
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baylac, M.
AU  - Adderley, P.
AU  - Clark, J.
AU  - Day, T.
AU  - Grames, J.
AU  - Hansknecht, J.
AU  - Poelker, M.
AU  - Rutt, P.
AU  - Sinclair, C.
AU  - Stutzman, M.
T1  - Effect of Atomic Hydrogen Exposure on Electron Beam Polarization from Strained GaAs photocathodes.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Strained-layer GaAs photocathodes are used at Jefferson Lab to obtain highly polarized electrons. Exposure to atomic hydrogen (or deuterium) is used to clean the wafer surface before the activation with cesium and nitrogen trifluoride to consistently produce high quantum yield photocathodes. The hydrogen-cleaning method is easy, reliable and inexpensive. However, recent tests indicate that exposure to atomic hydrogen may affect the polarization of the electron beam. This paper presents preliminary results of a series of tests conducted to study the effect of atomic H exposure on the polarized electron beam from a strained-layer GaAs sample. The experimental setup is described and the first measurements of the beam polarization as a function of exposure dose to atomic hydrogen are presented. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
N1  - Accession Number: 10970147; Baylac, M. 1 Adderley, P. 1 Clark, J. 1 Day, T. 1 Grames, J. 1 Hansknecht, J. 1 Poelker, M. 1 Rutt, P. Sinclair, C. Stutzman, M.; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, VA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p1073; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607299
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stutzman, M.L.
AU  - Adderley, P.
AU  - Baylac, M.
AU  - Clark, J.
AU  - Day, A.
AU  - Grames, J.
AU  - Hansknecht, J.
AU  - Poelker, M.
T1  - Status of Jefferson Lab’s Load Locked Polarized Electron Gun.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 675
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1078
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new 100 kV load locked polarized electron gun has been built at Jefferson Lab. The gun is installed in a test stand on a beam line that resembles the first few meters of the CEBAF nuclear physics photoinjector. With this gun, a GaAs photocathode can be loaded from atmosphere, hydrogen cleaned, activated and taken to high voltage in less than 8 hours. The gun is a three chamber design, with all of the moving parts remaining at ground potential during gun operation. Studies of gun performance, photocathode life times, transverse emittance at high bunch charge, helicity correlated effects and beam polarizations from new photocathode samples will all be greatly facilitated by the use of this load locked gun. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON gun
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
N1  - Accession Number: 10970146; Stutzman, M.L. 1; Email Address: marcy@jlab.org Adderley, P. 1 Baylac, M. 1 Clark, J. 1 Day, A. 1 Grames, J. 1 Hansknecht, J. 1 Poelker, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, VA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 675 Issue 1, p1078; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607300
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camaioni
AU  - D. M.
AU  - Dupuis
AU  - M.
AU  - Bentley
AU  - J.
T1  - Theoretical Characterization of Oxoanion, XOmn-, Solvation.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 107
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5778
EP  - 5788
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We describe a new cavity definition protocol that yields accurate solvation energies and electrode potentials for selected oxoanions, XOmn-, including some for which other cavity protocols do not perform well enough. In this new definition scheme with cavities made of interlocked atomic spheres, the radii are given by simple empirically based expressions involving effective atomic charges of the solute atoms that fit the solute molecular electrostatic potential and a bond length-dependent factor to account for atomic size and hybridization. The scheme shows substantial qualitative differences from other previously proposed schemes, for example, by assigning a large radius to the central atom of the oxoanions. This difference is put on a firm theoretical basis in the case of NO3- through an analysis of the molecular electrostatic potential of the nitrate ion and an analysis of its interaction with a “solvent” water molecule. Despite a large positive partial charge assigned to nitrogen in the nitrate ion, the water solvent molecule continues to act as an H-bond donor in the region of the central N atom as a result of the electrostatic potential of the anion, although the water−nitrate interaction in that region is weaker than near the terminal O atoms. From these results, we surmise that the solvent molecules remain further away from the nitrogen atom, a finding that is consistent with the large radius assigned by the new scheme for nitrogen. The same qualitative feature holds true for all of the oxoanions considered here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 20628642; Camaioni D. M. 1 Dupuis M. 1 Bentley J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 30, p5778; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laskin
AU  - J.
AU  - Futrell
AU  - J. H.
T1  - Entropy Is the Major Driving Force for Fragmentation of Proteins and Protein−Ligand Complexes in the Gas Phase.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 107
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5836
EP  - 5839
SN  - 10895639
AB  - This paper presents a critical analysis of Arrhenius parameters for gas-phase fragmentation of proteins and protein−ligand complexes reported in the literature. We demonstrate that there is a surprisingly strong correlation between the Arrhenius activation energy (Ea) and the preexponential factor (A). This correlation becomes extremely important for reactions characterized by very high or very low values of A. This correlation is a direct consequence of the relative change in the spacing between vibrational levels of the reactant and the transition state for reaction. Converting the Arrhenius activation energy into the threshold energy for the reaction using Tolman's theorem reveals the true magnitude of the correlation between molecular complexity and stability. Tolman's correction factor (ΔEcorr) increases linearly with log(A) from 3 kcal/mol for log(A) = 16.2 to 36.4 kcal/mol for log(A) = 39.2. Threshold energies extracted from the Arrhenius activation parameters for 56 different reactions are the same within the experimental error bars, while the preexponential factors differ by many orders of magnitude. This indicates that activation entropy is the major driving force for dissociation of proteins and protein−ligand complexes in the gas phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 20628649; Laskin J. 1 Futrell J. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 999 K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 107 Issue 30, p5836; Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giedt, Joel
T1  - Optical Unification.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 1625
EP  - 1633
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - We discuss string scale unification facilitated by exotic matter with masses at intermediate scales, between the observable sector supersymmetry breaking scale and the string scale. We point out a mechanism by which string scale unification may occur while producing a (lower) virtual unification scale independent of the location of the intermediate scale and the value of the string coupling. The apparent unification obtained by extrapolating low energy gauge couplings is not accidental when this mechanism is invoked; virtual unification is robust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPIN-spin interactions
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - Coupling unification
KW  - four-dimensional string models
N1  - Accession Number: 10405785; Giedt, Joel 1; Email Address: giedt@physics.utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, and Theoretical Physics Group, 50A-5101, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 7/30/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 23, p1625; Subject Term: SPIN-spin interactions; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coupling unification; Author-Supplied Keyword: four-dimensional string models; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perlmutter, Saul
T1  - Dark energy: Recent observations and future prospects
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 124
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Dark energy presents us with a challenging puzzle: understanding the new element of physics evident in the acceleration of the expansion of the universe. Type Ia supernovae first detected this acceleration and have been instrumental in breaking the matter dominated universe paradigm, measuring the current acceleration of the expansion, and probing back to the decelerating phase. To further study the nature of dark energy requires understanding of systematic errors entering into any cosmological probe. Type Ia supernovae provide simple, transparent tracers of the expansion history of the universe, and the sources of systematic uncertainties in the supernova measurement have been identified. We briefly review the progress to date and examine the promise of future surveys with large numbers of supernovae and well bounded systematics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
KW  - EXPANDING universe
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - COSMOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11091525; Perlmutter, Saul 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1-3, p13; Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Subject Term: EXPANDING universe; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baccigalupi, C.
AU  - Balbi, A.
AU  - Matarrese, S.
AU  - Perrotta, F.
AU  - Vittorio, N.
T1  - Scalar field dark energy and cosmic microwave background
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 124
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A dynamical scalar field represents the simplest generalization of a pure Cosmological Constant as a candidate to explain the recent evidence in favour of the accelerated cosmic expansion. We review the dynamical properties of such a component, and argue that, even if the background expectation value of this field is fixed and the equation of state is the same as a Cosmological Constant, scalar field fluctuations can still be used to distinguish the two components. We compare predicted spectra of Cosmic Microvave Background (CMB) anisotropies in tracking scalar field cosmologies with the present CMB data, in order to get constraints on the amount and equation of state of dark energy. High precision experiments like SNAP, Planck and SNFactory, together with the data on Large Scale Structure, are needed to probe this issue with the necessary accuracy. Here we show the intriguing result that, with a strong prior on the value of the Hubble constant today, the assumption of a flat universe, and consistency relations between amplitude and spectral index of primordial gravitational waves, the present CMB data at 1σ give indication of a dark energy equation of state larger than −1, while the ordinary Cosmological Constant is recovered at 2σ. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - EXPANDING universe
N1  - Accession Number: 11091532; Baccigalupi, C. 1,2; Email Address: bacci@sissa.it Balbi, A. 3; Email Address: balbi@roma2.infn.it Matarrese, S. 4; Email Address: matarrese@Upd.infn.it Perrotta, F. 2,5; Email Address: perrotta@materia.lbl.gov Vittorio, N. 3; Email Address: vittorio@roma2.infn.it; Affiliation:  1: SISSA/ISAS, Via Beirut 4, 34014, Trieste, Italy  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road Mailstop 50-205, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma “Tor Vergata” and INFN, Sezione di Roma II, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy  4: Dipartimento di Fisica “Galileo Galilei”, Universitá di Padova and INFN, Sezione di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy  5: Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1-3, p68; Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: EXPANDING universe; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perrotta, F.
AU  - Baccigalupi, C.
T1  - Sub-horizon perturbation behavior in extended quintessence
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 124
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
SN  - 09205632
AB  - In the general context of scalar-tensor theories, we consider a model in which a scalar field coupled to the Ricci scalar in the gravitational sector of the Lagrangian, is also playing the role of an “Extended Quintessence” field, dominating the energy content of the Universe at the present time. In this framework, we study the linear evolution of the perturbations in the Quintessence energy density, showing that a new phenomenon, named here “gravitational dragging”, can enhance the scalar field density perturbations as much as they reach the non-linear regime. The possibility of dark energy clumps formation is thus discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - LAGRANGIAN functions
KW  - PERTURBATION (Astronomy)
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
N1  - Accession Number: 11091533; Perrotta, F. 1,2 Baccigalupi, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy  2: SISSA-ISAS, Via Beirut 1-4, 34014 Trieste, Italy  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, M/S 50-205, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1-3, p72; Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: LAGRANGIAN functions; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Astronomy); Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Linder, Eric V.
T1  - Dark energy and dark matter with SNAP
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 124
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The discovery that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating opens up new frontiers for our understanding of cosmology and particle physics. The nature of the dark energy responsible is intimately tied to the high energy theory and gravitation. Measuring the properties of the accelerating universe and studying both the dark energy and the dark matter of the Universe using supernovae and weak gravitational lensing is the primary aim of the Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP). SNAP can discover and follow thousands of Type Ia supernovae at redshifts <F>z = 0.3 − 1.7</F>. The resulting magnitude-redshift relation can determine the cosmological and dark energy parameters with high precision: the dark energy equation of state w to 0.05 and its time variation <F>w′ = SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>dw</NU><DE>dz</DE></FR></F> to ±0.15. Wide area weak gravitational lensing studies will map the distribution of dark matter in the universe. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - EXPANDING universe
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - GRAVITATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11091534; Linder, Eric V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Berkeley Lab 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1-3, p76; Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: EXPANDING universe; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: GRAVITATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birkedal-Hansen, Andreas
T1  - SUSY dark matter with non-universal gaugino masses
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 124
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 09205632
AB  - In this talk we investigate the dark matter prospects for supersymmetric models with non-universal gaugino masses. We motivate the use of non-universal gaugino masses from several directions, including problems with the current favorite scenario, the cMSSM. We then display new corridors of parameter space that allow an acceptable dark matter relic density once gaugino mass universality is relaxed. We finish with a specific string-derived model that allows this universality relaxation and then use the dark matter constraint to make specific statements about the hidden sector of the model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DENSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 11091549; Birkedal-Hansen, Andreas 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Group Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1-3, p155; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DENSITY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schnee, R.W.
AU  - Abrams, D.
AU  - Akerib, D.S.
AU  - Armel-Funkhouser, M.S.
AU  - Baudis, L.
AU  - Bauer, D.A.
AU  - Bolozdynya, A.
AU  - Brink, P.L.
AU  - Bunker, R.
AU  - Cabrera, B.
AU  - Caldwell, D.O.
AU  - Castle, J.P.
AU  - Chang, C.L.
AU  - Clarke, R.M.
AU  - Crisler, M.B.
AU  - Dixon, R.
AU  - Driscoll, D.
AU  - Eichblatt, S.
AU  - Gaitskell, R.J.
AU  - Golwala, S.R.
T1  - Results from the 1998–1999 runs of the cryogenic dark matter search
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 124
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) uses low-temperature Ge and Si detectors to search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) via their elastic-scattering interaction with atomic nuclei while discriminating against interactions of background particles. CDMS data from 1998 and 1999 with a relaxed fiducial-volume cut (resulting in 15.8 kg-days exposure on Ge) are consistent with an earlier analysis with a more restrictive fiducial-volume cut. Twenty-three WIMP candidate events are observed, but these events are consistent with a background from neutrons. Resulting limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic-scattering cross-section are lower than those of any other experiment for WIMPs with masses between 10–70 GeV c−2. Under the assumptions of standard WIMP interactions and a standard halo, the results are incompatible with the annual-modulation signal of DAMA at 99.99% CL in the asymptotic limit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - WEAKLY interacting massive particle detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 11091555; Schnee, R.W. 1 Abrams, D. 2 Akerib, D.S. 1 Armel-Funkhouser, M.S. 3 Baudis, L. 2 Bauer, D.A. 4 Bolozdynya, A. 1 Brink, P.L. 2 Bunker, R. 4 Cabrera, B. 2 Caldwell, D.O. 4 Castle, J.P. 2 Chang, C.L. 2 Clarke, R.M. 2 Crisler, M.B. 5 Dixon, R. 5 Driscoll, D. 1 Eichblatt, S. 5 Gaitskell, R.J. 6 Golwala, S.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA  2: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  6: Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1-3, p185; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: WEAKLY interacting massive particle detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dick, Rainer
AU  - Blasi, Pasquale
AU  - Kolb, Edward W.
T1  - Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays from dark matter annihilation
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/07/30/
VL  - 124
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Annihilation of clumped superheavy dark matter provides an interesting explanation for the origin of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays.The predicted anisotropy signal provides a unique signature for this scenario. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 11091559; Dick, Rainer 1 Blasi, Pasquale 2 Kolb, Edward W. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, Canada SK S7N 5E2, USA  2: INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy  3: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500, USA  4: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637-1433, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1-3, p201; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reeves, W. H.
AU  - Skryabin, D. V.
AU  - Biancalana, F.
AU  - Knight, J. C.
AU  - Russell, P. St. J.
AU  - Omenetto, F. G.
AU  - Efimov, A.
AU  - Taylor, A. J.
T1  - Transformation and control of ultra-short pulses in dispersion-engineered photonic crystal fibres.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/07/31/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6948
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
EP  - 515
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Photonic crystal fibres (PCFs) offer greatly enhanced design freedom compared to standard optical fibres. For example, they allow precise control of the chromatic dispersion (CD) profile-the frequency dependence of propagation speed-over a broad wavelength range. This permits studies of nonlinear pulse propagation in previously inaccessible parameter regimes. Here we report on spectral broadening of 100-fs pulses in PCFs with anomalously flat CD profiles. Maps of the spectral and spatio-temporal behaviour as a function of power show that dramatic conversion (to both longer and shorter wavelengths) can occur in remarkably short lengths of fibre, depending on the magnitude and shape of the CD profile. Because the PCFs used are single-mode at all wavelengths, the light always emerges in a fundamental guided mode. Excellent agreement is obtained between the experimental results and numerical solutions of the nonlinear wave equation, indicating that the underlying processes can be reliably modelled. These results show how, through appropriate choice of CD, nonlinearities can be efficiently harnessed to generate laser light at new wavelengths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARTZ fibers
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - FIBER optics
N1  - Accession Number: 10405848; Reeves, W. H. 1 Skryabin, D. V. 1 Biancalana, F. 1 Knight, J. C. 1 Russell, P. St. J. 1 Omenetto, F. G. 2 Efimov, A. 3 Taylor, A. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Optoelectronics Group, Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK  2: Physics Division, P-23 Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  3: Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-10, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: 7/31/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6948, p511; Subject Term: QUARTZ fibers; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: FIBER optics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01798
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dioumaev, Vladimir K.
AU  - Bullock, R. Morris
T1  - A recyclable catalyst that precipitates at the end of the reaction.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/07/31/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6948
M3  - Article
SP  - 530
EP  - 532
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Homogeneous catalysts-which exist in the same (usually liquid) phase as reactants and products-are usually more selective than heterogeneous catalysts and far less affected by limitations due to slow transport of reactants and products, but their separation from reaction products can be costly and inefficient. This has stimulated the development of strategies that facilitate the recycling of homogeneous catalysts[SUP1-4]. Some of these methods exploit the preference of a catalyst for one of two solvents with thermoregulated miscibility[SUP5,6]; others exploit a dramatic decrease in catalyst solubility as one reagent is consumed[SUP7,8] or temperature changed after completion of the reaction[SUP9-14]. Here we describe a tungsten catalyst for the solvent-free hydrosilylation of ketones that retains its activity until essentially all of the liquid substrate is converted to liquid products, which we can then simply decant to separate the catalyst that precipitates from the products of the reaction. We attribute the ability of the catalyst to retain its solubility and hence activity until completion of the reaction to the transient formation of liquid clathrate[SUP15,16] that contains a few molecules of the substrate per molecule of the otherwise solid catalyst. Insights into the fundamental processes controlling the formation of this liquid clathrate might help to tailor other catalysts and substrates, so as to develop efficient and solvent-free schemes for reactions of practical interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - CLATHRATE compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 10405836; Dioumaev, Vladimir K. 1 Bullock, R. Morris 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: 7/31/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6948, p530; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: CLATHRATE compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01856
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Straume, T.
AU  - Rugel, G.
AU  - Marchetti, A. A.
AU  - Rühm, W.
AU  - Korschinek, G.
AU  - McAninch, J. E.
AU  - Carroll, K.
AU  - Egbert, S.
AU  - Faestermann, T.
AU  - Knie, K.
AU  - Martinelli, R.
AU  - Wallner, A.
AU  - Wallner, C.
T1  - Measuring fast neutrons in Hiroshima at distances relevant to atomic-bomb survivors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/07/31/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6948
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 542
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Data from the survivors of the atomic bombs serve as the major basis for risk calculations of radiation-induced cancer in humans[SUP1]. A controversy has existed for almost two decades, however, concerning the possibility that neutron doses in Hiroshima may have been much larger than estimated. This controversy was based on measurements of radioisotopes activated by thermal neutrons that suggested much higher fluences at larger distances than expected[SUP2-6]. For fast neutrons, which contributed almost all the neutron dose, clear measurements validation has so far proved impossible at the large distances (900 to 1,500 m) most relevant to survivor locations.[SUP6]. Here, the first results are reported for the detection of (63)Ni produced predominantly by fast neutrons (above about 1 MeV) in copper samples from Hiroshima. This breakthrough was made possible by the development of chemical extraction methods[SUP7,8] and major improvements in the sensitivity of accelerator mass spectrometry for detection of [SUP63]Ni atoms (refs 8-11). When results are compared with [SUP63]Ni activation predicted by neutron doses for Hiroshima survivors[SUP6], good agreement is observed at the distances most relevant to survivor data. These findings provide, for the first time, clear measurement validation of the neutron doses to survivors in Hiroshima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMIC bomb
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - JAPAN
N1  - Accession Number: 10405845; Straume, T. 1 Rugel, G. 2 Marchetti, A. A. 3 Rühm, W. 4 Korschinek, G. 5 McAninch, J. E. 3 Carroll, K. 3 Egbert, S. 6 Faestermann, T. 5 Knie, K. 5 Martinelli, R. 3 Wallner, A. 2 Wallner, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: University of Utah, 729 Arapeen Drive, Suite 2334, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA  2: [1] Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA [2] Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany  3: Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, D-80336, München, Germany  4: Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA  6: Science Applications International Corporation, 10260 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA; Source Info: 7/31/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6948, p539; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMIC bomb; Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; Subject Term: JAPAN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01815
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moutinho, H.R.
AU  - Albin, D.
AU  - Yan, Y.
AU  - Dhere, R.G.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Perkins, C.
AU  - Jiang, C.-S.
AU  - To, B.
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.M.
T1  - Deposition and properties of CBD and CSS CdS thin films for solar cell application
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/07/31/
VL  - 436
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We deposited cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films using the chemical-bath deposition (CBD) and close-spaced sublimation (CSS) techniques. The films were then treated in CdCl2 vapor at 400 °C for 5 min. The CSS CdS films had hexagonal structure, and good crystallinity. The CdCl2 treatment did not produce major changes, but there was a decrease in the density of planar defects. The untreated CBD CdS films had cubic structure and poorer crystallinity than the CSS films. After the CdCl2 treatment, these films recrystallized to the hexagonal phase, resulting in better crystallinity and a lower density of planar defects. The conformal coverage and the presence of bulk oxygen are the key issues in making the CBD films more suitable for photovoltaic applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
KW  - SUBLIMATION (Psychology)
KW  - Cadmium sulfide
KW  - Chemical-bath deposition
KW  - Close-spaced sublimation
N1  - Accession Number: 10118921; Moutinho, H.R.; Email Address: helio_moutinho@nrel.gov Albin, D. 1 Yan, Y. 1 Dhere, R.G. 1 Li, X. 1 Perkins, C. 1 Jiang, C.-S. 1 To, B. 1 Al-Jassim, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jul2003, Vol. 436 Issue 2, p175; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; Subject Term: SUBLIMATION (Psychology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium sulfide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical-bath deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Close-spaced sublimation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00646-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
AU  - Geiser, Urs
T1  - Potassium dicyanoargentate(I) 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section C (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section C (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 59
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - M325
EP  - M327
SN  - 01082701
AB  - Describes the crystal structure of the metal-organic compound potassium dicyanoargentate(I) 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclo-octadecane.  Closely packed linear chained formed by the coordination of nitrite N atoms of the [Ag(CN)[sub 2]][sup -] anions to the K[sup +] cations; Location of the K atoms on centers of inversion; Additional binding of the K atoms to the six O atoms of the crown ether.
KW  - POTASSIUM compounds
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11628850; Schlueter, John A. 1; Email Address: jaschlueter@anl.gov Geiser, Urs 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 59 Issue 8, pM325; Subject Term: POTASSIUM compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Collis, Gavin E.
AU  - Burrell, Anthony K.
AU  - John, Kevin D.
AU  - Plieger, Paul G.
T1  - 7-Bromoquinolin-8-ol.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section C (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section C (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 59
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - O443
EP  - O444
SN  - 01082701
AB  - Describes the crystal structure of the organic compound 7-Bromoquinolin-8-ol.  Bromination of an 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative in the 7-position; Presence of intermolecular and weak intramolecular O-H...N hydrogen bonds; Packing of molecules as hydrogen-bonded dimers in the solid state.
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - BROMINATION
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11628866; Collis, Gavin E. 1 Burrell, Anthony K. 1; Email Address: burrell@lanl.gov John, Kevin D. 1 Plieger, Paul G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry — Structural, Inorganic and Catalysis, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 59 Issue 8, pO443; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: BROMINATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Xiao Feng
AU  - Yang, Qing
AU  - De Jonghe, Lutgard C.
T1  - Microstructure development in hot-pressed silicon carbide: effects of aluminum, boron, and carbon additives
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 51
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3849
SN  - 13596454
AB  - SiC was hot-pressed with aluminum, boron, and carbon additives. The Al content was modified either to obtain SiC samples containing a continuous Al gradient, or to vary the average Al content. In both cases, it was found that increasing Al content resulted in decreased number density but dramatically enhanced aspect ratio of the elongated SiC grains. Amorphous-to-crystalline transformation was also confirmed in grain boundary films when Al content exceeded 4 wt%. In addition, increasing Al decreased the degree of cubic-to-hexagonal SiC phase transformation. Similar processing and characterization were done with modified boron and carbon average contents. The systematic experiments demonstrated that boron and carbon promoted formation of elongated grains through promoting 3C-to-4H SiC phase transformation during hot pressing. The experiments also clarified the mechanical property responses to microstructural modification. Tailoring of the SiC microstructure to suit different applications would be possible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - BORON
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Grain boundary structure
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Silicon carbides
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 10176700; Zhang, Xiao Feng 1; Email Address: xfzhang@lbl.gov Yang, Qing 2 De Jonghe, Lutgard C. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 51 Issue 13, p3849; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbides; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00209-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bryant, Steven L.
AU  - Paruchuri, Ramoj K.
AU  - Prasad Saripalli, K.
T1  - Flow and solute transport around injection wells through a single, growing fracture
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 26
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 803
SN  - 03091708
AB  - During deep-well injection of liquids, the formation around an injection well is often fractured due to an imbalance between the injection pressure and the minimum horizontal rock stress opposing fracturing. The resulting fractures can grow during injection, which may span over several months to years. Earlier studies reported on solute transport in a single fracture in low permeability fractured media, assuming that transport into the formation perpendicular to the face of the fracture is mediated by diffusion alone. This may be valid for flow under natural gradients through fractured formations of low permeability. In contrast, due to the high rates of injection through a fractured injection well, both advection and dispersion play an important role in the spread of contaminants around a fractured injection well. We present a model for the flow and reactive solute transport profiles around fractured injection wells, through a single, two-winged vertical fracture created by injection at high rates and/or pressures and growing with time. The fracture, of constant height and infinite conductivity, serves as a line source injecting fluids into the formation perpendicular to its face via a uniform leak-off, resulting in an elliptical water flood front confocal with the fracture. Flow and solute transport within the elliptical flow domain is formulated as a planar (two-dimensional) transport problem, described by the advection–dispersion equation in elliptical coordinates including retardation and 1st order radioactive nuclear decay processes. Results indicate that transport at early times depends strongly on location relative to the fracture. Retardation has a more pronounced influence on transport for the cases where advection is significant; whereas 1st order radioactive nuclear decay process is independent of advective velocity. Flow and transport around an injection well with a vertical fracture exhibits important differences from radial transport that neglects the presence of the fracture, and also from transport from a fracture of constant length. The model and findings presented have applications in the calculation of the fate and transport of contaminants around fractured injectors and modeling the resulting contaminant plumes down stream of the wells. Further, the model also serves as a basis for modeling enhanced remediation of contaminated rock via injection well fracturing, a recently demonstrated technology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INJECTION wells
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - FRACTURES
KW  - Elliptical flow field
KW  - Growing fracture
KW  - Injection wells
KW  - Solute transport
N1  - Accession Number: 10232346; Bryant, Steven L. 1; Email Address: steven_bryant@mail.utexas.edu Paruchuri, Ramoj K. 1; Email Address: ramoj@mail.utexas.edu Prasad Saripalli, K. 2; Email Address: prasad.saripalli@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 26 Issue 8, p803; Subject Term: INJECTION wells; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FRACTURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elliptical flow field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growing fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injection wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solute transport; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00065-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farthing, Matthew W.
AU  - Kees, Christopher E.
AU  - Coffey, Todd S.
AU  - Kelley, C.T.
AU  - Miller, Cass T.
T1  - Efficient steady-state solution techniques for variably saturated groundwater flow
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 26
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 833
SN  - 03091708
AB  - We consider the simulation of steady-state variably saturated groundwater flow using Richards’ equation (RE). The difficulties associated with solving RE numerically are well known. Most discretization approaches for RE lead to nonlinear systems that are large and difficult to solve. The solution of nonlinear systems for steady-state problems can be particularly challenging, since a good initial guess for the steady-state solution is often hard to obtain, and the resulting linear systems may be poorly scaled. Common approaches like Picard iteration or variations of Newton’s method have their advantages but perform poorly with standard globalization techniques under certain conditions.Pseudo-transient continuation has been used in computational fluid dynamics for some time to obtain steady-state solutions for problems in which Newton’s method with standard line-search strategies fails. Here, we examine the use of pseudo-transient continuation as well as Newton’s method combined with standard globalization techniques for steady-state problems in heterogeneous domains. We investigate the methods’ performance with direct and preconditioned Krylov iterative linear solvers. We then make recommendations for robust and efficient approaches to obtain steady-state solutions for RE under a range of conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GROUNDWATER flow
KW  - NONLINEAR systems
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Pseudo-transient continuation
KW  - Richards’ equation
KW  - STEADY-STATE
N1  - Accession Number: 10232348; Farthing, Matthew W. 1; Email Address: mfarthin@email.unc.edu Kees, Christopher E. 2; Email Address: chris_kees@ncsu.edu Coffey, Todd S. 3; Email Address: tscoffe@sandia.gov Kelley, C.T. 2; Email Address: tim_kelley@ncsu.edu Miller, Cass T. 1; Email Address: casey_miller@unc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for the Advanced Study of the Environment, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431, USA  2: Center for Research in Scientific Computation, Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8205, USA  3: Mathematical Information and Computational Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 26 Issue 8, p833; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER flow; Subject Term: NONLINEAR systems; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudo-transient continuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Richards’ equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: STEADY-STATE; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00076-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Lishan
AU  - Huang, Shurong
AU  - Lee, Lin
AU  - Davalos, Albert
AU  - Schiestl, Robert H.
AU  - Campisi, Judith
AU  - Oshima, Junko
T1  - WRN, the protein deficient in Werner syndrome, plays a critical structural role in optimizing DNA repair.
JO  - Aging Cell
JF  - Aging Cell
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 199
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14749718
AB  - Summary Werner syndrome (WS) predisposes patients to cancer and premature aging, owing to mutations in WRN . The WRN protein is a RECQ-like helicase and is thought to participate in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR). It has been previously shown that non-homologous DNA ends develop extensive deletions during repair in WS cells, and that this WS phenotype was complemented by wild-type (wt) WRN. WRN possesses both 3′ → 5′ exonuclease and 3′ → 5′ helicase activities. To determine the relative contributions of each of these distinct enzymatic activities to DSB repair, we examined NHEJ and HR in WS cells (WRN–/–) complemented with either wtWRN, exonuclease-defective WRN (E–), helicase-defective WRN (H–) or exonuclease/helicase-defective WRN (E–H–). The single E– and H– mutants each partially complemented the NHEJ abnormality of WRN–/– cells. Strikingly, the E–H– double mutant complemented the WS deficiency nearly as efficiently as did wtWRN. Similarly, the double mutant complemented the moderate HR deficiency of WS cells nearly as well as did wtWRN, whereas the E– and H– single mutants increased HR to levels higher than those restored by either E–H– or wtWRN. These results suggest that balanced exonuclease and helicase activities of WRN are required for optimal HR. Moreover, WRN appears to play a structural role, independent of its enzymatic activities, in optimizing HR and efficient NHEJ repair. Another human RECQ helicase, BLM, suppressed HR but had little or no effect on NHEJ, suggesting that mammalian RECQ helicases have distinct functions that can finely regulate recombination events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aging Cell is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WERNER'S syndrome
KW  - SYNDROMES
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - ANTIMUTAGENS
KW  - AGING
KW  - DNA
KW  - double-strand break
KW  - human
KW  - recombination
KW  - Werner
N1  - Accession Number: 10351830; Chen, Lishan 1 Huang, Shurong 2 Lee, Lin 1 Davalos, Albert 2 Schiestl, Robert H. 3 Campisi, Judith 2 Oshima, Junko 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Pathology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p191; Subject Term: WERNER'S syndrome; Subject Term: SYNDROMES; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: ANTIMUTAGENS; Subject Term: AGING; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: double-strand break; Author-Supplied Keyword: human; Author-Supplied Keyword: recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Werner; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1474-9728.2003.00052.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinjian Zheng
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - Mechanism for the Separation of Large Molecules Based on Radial Migration in Capillary Electrophoresis.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3675
EP  - 3680
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Demonstrates a novel separation mechanism for large molecules based on their radial migration in capillary electrophoresis with allied hydrodynamic flow (HDF). Relationship between the direction of radical migration and direction of applied HDF; Overview of the analytical separation on a sample plug; Characterization of electrophoresis including gel electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis as main tools for the separation of DNA; Overview of the radical migration of DNA molecules during electrophoresis; Account of buffer and DNA samples used in this mechanism; Size dependence of the radical migration velocity; Dependence of the deviation angle on the particle eccentricity ratio at different particle orientations.
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
KW  - MOLECULAR microbiology
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - DNA
KW  - GEL electrophoresis
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 11280688; Jinjian Zheng 1 Yeung, Edward S. 1; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory--USDOE and Department of Chemistry, IOWA State University, Ames Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 15, p3675; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR microbiology; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GEL electrophoresis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maxom, Jeremy
AU  - Reilly, Peter T.
AU  - Whitten, William B.
AU  - Ramsey, J. Michael
T1  - Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Air with a Micro lon Trap Mass Analyzer.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3739
EP  - 3743
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Focuses on the analysis of several volatic organic compounds in air with a micro ion trap mass analyzer equipped with a semipermeable membrane sampling inlet.  Feasibility of tandem mass spectrometry of these compounds in improving sensitivity; Mathematical interpretation of a tubular membrane; Account of modification done to this micro ion trap mass analyzer for this work; Overview of the vacuum chamber of this analyzer with membrane inlet and micro mass spectrometer electrodes, electron gun and detector; Highlights of the mass spectrum analysis of xylene; Detection limits of various organic compounds.
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - XYLENE
KW  - ION traps
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11280697; Maxom, Jeremy 1 Reilly, Peter T. 1 Whitten, William B. 1 Ramsey, J. Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142.; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 15, p3739; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: XYLENE; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramsey, Jeremy D.
AU  - Jacobson, Stephen C.
AU  - Culbertson, Christopher T.
AU  - Michael Ramsey, J.
T1  - High-Efficiency, Two-Dimensional Separations of Protein Digests on Microfluidic Devices.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3758
EP  - 3764
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Presents information on high-efficiency, two-dimensional separations of protein digests on microfluidic devices.  Plate numbers in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) dimensions corresponding to plate heights from the analysis of rhodamine B injections; Electric field strengths for MEKC and CE; Use of the system for the identification of a peptide from tryptic digest of ovalbumin using standard addition.
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ELECTROKINETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11280700; Ramsey, Jeremy D. 1 Jacobson, Stephen C. 2 Culbertson, Christopher T. 2 Michael Ramsey, J. 3; Email Address: ramseyjm@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratroy, Washington, DC 20375.  2: Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142.; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 15, p3758; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ELECTROKINETICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Twining, Benjamin S.
AU  - Baines, Stephen B.
AU  - Fisher, Nicholas S.
AU  - Maser, Jörg
AU  - Vogt, Stefan
AU  - Jacobsen, Chris
AU  - Tovar-Sanchez, Antonio
T1  - Quantifying Trace Elements in Individuals Aquatic protist Cells with a Synchrotron X-ray Fluorrescence Microprobe.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3806
EP  - 3816
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Demonstrates the ability of a synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microprobe in quantifying trace elements in individual aquatic protist cells.  Use of the technique to distinguish between different types of cells in an assemblage and between cells and other particulate matter; Minimum detection limits for Si, Mn, Fe, Ni and Zn; Comparative analysis of cultured phytoplankton cells using SXRF and standard bulk techniques.
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - TRACE elements
KW  - PROTISTA
KW  - AQUATIC organisms
KW  - PHYTOPLANKTON
N1  - Accession Number: 11280706; Twining, Benjamin S. 1; Email Address: btwining@ic.sunysb.edu Baines, Stephen B. 1 Fisher, Nicholas S. 1,2 Maser, Jörg 3 Vogt, Stefan 2,4 Jacobsen, Chris 1 Tovar-Sanchez, Antonio 1; Affiliation:  1: Marine Sciences Research Center.  2: Center of Environmental Molecular Science.  3: Experimental Facilities Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794.; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 15, p3806; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: TRACE elements; Subject Term: PROTISTA; Subject Term: AQUATIC organisms; Subject Term: PHYTOPLANKTON; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D.M. Zalk
T1  - IOHA/ICOH Declaration on Occupational Hygiene.
JO  - Annals of Occupational Hygiene
JF  - Annals of Occupational Hygiene
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 519
EP  - 519
SN  - 00034878
N1  - Accession Number: 10502189; D.M. Zalk 1; Affiliations: 1: President, International Occupational Hygiene Association, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, L-373, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA E-mail: zalk1@llnl.gov,; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p519; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Engelhardt, I.
AU  - Finsterle, S.
T1  - Thermal-hydraulic experiments with bentonite/crushed rock mixtures and estimation of effective parameters by inverse modeling
JO  - Applied Clay Science
JF  - Applied Clay Science
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 01691317
AB  - The permeability and thermal conductivity of bentonite/crushed rock mixtures used as backfill for a nuclear waste repository have an important impact on the maximum radioactive load of the waste canister that can be embedded. Our research pursues useful methods for estimating the permeability, thermal conductivity, and specific heat of various bentonite/crushed rock mixtures for the conditions expected to prevail at the A¨spo¨ Hard Rock Laboratory (A¨SPO¨ HRL). We conducted laboratory experiments and employed inverse modeling techniques to estimate effective thermal and hydraulic parameters suitable for predictive modeling of non-isothermal flow and transport from a nuclear waste repository. Thermal parameters are often calculated based on empirical relationships developed for homogeneous clays, i.e., they are not necessarily valid for mixtures. The applicability of these methods to model thermal-hydraulic processes within the bentonite/crushed rock mixtures in a deep repository needs to be assessed.All experiments were conducted with mixtures containing sodium- (SPV Volclay) or calcium-bentonite (Calcigel) and we used water from A¨spo¨. Hydraulic column experiments were carried out with a specially designed permeameter and Darcy's law was applied to determine the hydraulic conductivity, which followed a lognormal distribution with mean values of 1.64×10−11 and 4.93×10−9 m/s for the two bentonite/crushed rock mixtures studied. The thermal laboratory experiments were analyzed using inverse modeling techniques. The simulated temperature distribution matched the measured data very well at all locations along the column and for all times. The inversely estimated thermal conductivity ranged from 1.6 to 2.2 W/mK, and the specific heat from 810 to 1020 J/kg K, both consistent with the predictions of the empirical relationships. However, the calculation of the effective parameters was very sensitive to heat loss through the insulation. The newly developed experimental setup in combination with inverse modeling allows the identification of key parameters governing the hydraulic and thermal processes of bentonite/crushed rock mixtures under repository conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Clay Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - BENTONITE
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - Backfill
KW  - Bentonite
KW  - Inverse modeling
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Thermal conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 10426450; Engelhardt, I. 1; Email Address: I.Engelhardt@bgr.de Finsterle, S. 2; Email Address: SAFinsterle@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Research (BGR), Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hanover, Germany  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 23 Issue 1-4, p111; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: BENTONITE; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Backfill; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bentonite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-1317(03)00093-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shores, E.F.
AU  - Mueller, G.E.
AU  - Schlapper, G.A.
T1  - A new 9Be(α,n) cross-section evaluation for use in the SOURCES computer code
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 59
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Experimental breakup reaction data was the basis for choosing a set of α optical potential parameters for calculating the cross section from the 9Be(<f>α,α′n</f>) reaction with the GNASH code. Although not in complete agreement with experimental values, the promising results suggest additional work and continued research for optimal parameters. Accommodating modifications in the SOURCES code system required improved data and an approximation for the three-body reaction branching fractions is presented as a temporary solution. Experimental spectra from AcBe, CmBe, and simulated AmBe neutron sources are compared to SOURCES calculations using the new branching fractions and serve as benchmarks for this new version of the code. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - α
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Branching fraction
KW  - Breakup reaction
KW  - decay
KW  - Neutron production
N1  - Accession Number: 10633489; Shores, E.F. 1,2; Email Address: eshores@lanl.gov Mueller, G.E. 1 Schlapper, G.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO 65401, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K483, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: National Nuclear Security Administration, Los Alamos Site Office, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 59 Issue 2/3, p151; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: α; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beryllium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Branching fraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breakup reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron production; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-8043(03)00157-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, Julian D.
AU  - Riley, William J.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W
T1  - Intake fraction of primary pollutants: motor vehicle emissions in the South Coast Air Basin
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 3455
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The intake fraction is defined for a specific species and emission source as the ratio of attributable population intake to total emissions. Focusing on California''s South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) as a case study, we combine ambient monitoring data with time-activity patterns to estimate the population intake of carbon monoxide and benzene emitted from motor vehicles during 1996–1999. In addition to exposures to ambient concentrations, three microenvironments are considered in which the exposure concentration of motor vehicle emissions is higher than in ambient air: in and near vehicles, inside a building that is near a freeway, and inside a residence with an attached garage. Incorporating data on motor vehicle emissions estimated by the EMFAC2000 model, we estimate that the 15 million people in the SoCAB inhale 0.003–0.009% (34–85 per million, with a best estimate of 47 per million) of primary, nonreactive compounds emitted into the basin by motor vehicles. This population intake of primary motor vehicle emissions is approximately 50% higher than the average ambient concentration times the average breathing rate, owing to higher concentrations in the three microenvironments and also to the temporal and spatial correlation among breathing rates, concentrations, and population densities. The approach demonstrated here can inform policy decisions requiring a metric of population exposure to airborne pollutants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOMOBILE emissions
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Exposure assessment
KW  - Microenvironment
N1  - Accession Number: 10117613; Marshall, Julian D. 1,2 Riley, William J. 3 McKone, Thomas E. 2,4 Nazaroff, William W 2,5; Email Address: nazaroff@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3050, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA  5: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710 USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p3455; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE emissions; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: BENZENE; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microenvironment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00269-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10117613&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tran, Ngoc Lien
AU  - Colvin, Michael E.
AU  - Gronert, Scott
AU  - Wu, Weiming
T1  - Catalysis of decarboxylation by an adjacent negative charge: a theoretical approach
JO  - Bioorganic Chemistry
JF  - Bioorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 00452068
AB  - We have calculated the rate acceleration in decarboxylation reactions that can be accomplished by charge–charge repulsion between the substrate carboxylate and an adjacent negative charge in media of various dielectric constants. It has been shown that a full negative charge or surrounding partial negative charges will have the same effect. It is concluded that the rate of decarboxylation could be greatly accelerated by the presence of a negative charge nearby. For example, in media with dielectric constants from 5.62 to 20.7, a <f>108</f>-fold rate acceleration could be achieved by a negative charge placed 3.77 A˚ away from the substrate carboxylate group. However, <f>pKa</f> perturbation on two carboxylate groups at close proximity may limit the extent of catalysis. It should also be noted that the extent of catalysis does not change much when the dielectric constant varies from 5.62 to 20.7. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bioorganic Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10318341; Tran, Ngoc Lien 1,2 Colvin, Michael E. 2 Gronert, Scott 1 Wu, Weiming 1; Email Address: wuw@sfsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA  2: Division of Computational and Systems Biology, Physical Biosciences Institute, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p271; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-2068(03)00028-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popot, J.-L.
AU  - Berry, E. A.
AU  - Charvolin, D.
AU  - Creuzenet, C.
AU  - Ebel, C.
AU  - Engelman, D. M.
AU  - Flötenmeyer, M.
AU  - Giusti, F.
AU  - Gohon, Y.
AU  - Hervé, P.
AU  - Q. Hong
AU  - Lakey, J. H.
AU  - Leonard, K.
AU  - Shuman, H. A.
AU  - Timmins, P.
AU  - Warschawski, D. E.
AU  - Zito, F.
AU  - Zoonens, M.
AU  - Pucci, B.
AU  - Tribet, C.
T1  - Amphipols: polymeric surfactants for membrane biology research.
JO  - Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences
JF  - Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 60
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1559
EP  - 1574
SN  - 1420682X
AB  - Membrane proteins classically are handled in aqueous solutions as complexes with detergents. The dissociating character of detergents, combined with the need to maintain an excess of them, frequently results in more or less rapid inactivation of the protein under study. Over the past few years, we have endeavored to develop a novel family of surfactants, dubbed amphipols (APs). APs are amphiphilic polymers that bind to the transmembrane surface of the protein in a noncovalent but, in the absence of a competing surfactant, quasi-irreversible manner. Membrane proteins complexed by APs are in their native state, stable, and they remain water-soluble in the absence of detergent or free APs. An update is presented of the current knowledge about these compounds and their demonstrated or putative uses in membrane biology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - POLYMERIC composites
KW  - DETERGENTS
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - amphipols
KW  - detergents
KW  - Membrane proteins
KW  - surfactants
N1  - Accession Number: 16765806; Popot, J.-L. 1,2; Email Address: jean-luc.popot@ibpc.fr Berry, E. A. 3 Charvolin, D. 1,2 Creuzenet, C. 4 Ebel, C. 5 Engelman, D. M. 6 Flötenmeyer, M. 7 Giusti, F. 1,2 Gohon, Y. 1,2 Hervé, P. 1,2 Q. Hong 8 Lakey, J. H. 8 Leonard, K. 7 Shuman, H. A. 9 Timmins, P. 9 Warschawski, D. E. 1,2 Zito, F. 1,2 Zoonens, M. 1,2 Pucci, B. 10 Tribet, C. 11; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Moléculaire des Membranes Biologiques, UMR 7099, CNRS  2: Université Paris-7, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, CNRS IFR 550, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris (France)  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720 (USA)  4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology and Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (USA)  5: Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire, Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075 CEA-CNRS-UJF, 41 rue Jules Horowitz, 38027 Grenoble Cedex 01 (France)  6: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 420 Bass Center, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114 (USA)  7: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg (Germany)  8: School of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH (United Kingdom)  9: Large Scale Structures Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, Avenue des Martyrs, B.P.156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 (France)  10: Université d'Avignon, Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et des Systèmes Moléculaires Vectoriels, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon (France)  11: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Macromoléculaire, CNRS UMR 7615, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris (France); Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 60 Issue 8, p1559; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Subject Term: POLYMERIC composites; Subject Term: DETERGENTS; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: amphipols; Author-Supplied Keyword: detergents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: surfactants; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325611 Soap and Other Detergent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00018-003-3169-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Talón, C.
AU  - Cuello, G.J.
AU  - González, M.A.
AU  - Bermejo, F.J.
AU  - Cabrillo, C.
AU  - Connatser, R.
T1  - A comparative study of the low-frequency dynamics of the two isomers of propanol
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 292
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 03010104
AB  - The low-temperature specific heat of the two isomers of propanol reveals significant differences between the temperature coefficients of both samples. The low- and intermediate-frequency regions of the generalised spectrum (densities of states) have been measured for both samples in glass and crystal states by means of neutron scattering. Assignment of the most prominent spectral features is facilitated by comparison with results from computer molecular dynamics simulations carried out using transferable potentials that include all the relevant molecular degrees of freedom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PROPANOLS
KW  - NEUTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10356622; Talón, C. 1 Cuello, G.J. 2; Email Address: cuello@ill.fr González, M.A. 2 Bermejo, F.J. 3,4 Cabrillo, C. 4 Connatser, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Dept. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Spain  2: Institut Laue Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France  3: Department of Electricity and Electronics, University Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Leioa, Spain  4: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 292 Issue 2/3, p263; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PROPANOLS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00053-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10356622&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maira-Vidal, A.
AU  - González, M.A.
AU  - Cabrillo, C.
AU  - Bermejo, F.J.
AU  - Jiménez-Ruiz, M.
AU  - Saboungi, M.L.
AU  - Otomo, T.
AU  - Fayon, F.
AU  - Enciso, E.
AU  - Price, D.L.
T1  - Neutron scattering on a re-entrant binary liquid mixture
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 292
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 03010104
AB  - Small-angle and quasielastic neutron scattering measurements have been carried out on mixtures of 3-methylpyridine/heavy water (3MP/HW). Depending upon the relative concentration these mixtures are fully miscible or show a closed-loop phase diagram. Two mixtures corresponding to the fully miscible composition as well as a phase-separating sample are studied together with neat 3MP liquid. The SANS results show relatively large coherence lengths even for the miscible binary liquid. Quasielastic neutron scattering reveals a significant slowing down of the 3MP dynamics within the mixture as compared to that of pure 3MP. As the phase-separation line is approached from below the translational diffusion coefficients show a clear signature of critical slowing down that mimics the behavior of the shear viscosity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - DEUTERIUM oxide
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - QENS
KW  - Re-entrant mixture
KW  - SANS
N1  - Accession Number: 10356623; Maira-Vidal, A. 1 González, M.A. 2; Email Address: gonzalez@ill.fr Cabrillo, C. 1 Bermejo, F.J. 1,3 Jiménez-Ruiz, M. 2 Saboungi, M.L. 4,5 Otomo, T. 6 Fayon, F. 5 Enciso, E. 7 Price, D.L. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain  2: Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, BP 156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France  3: Department of Electricity and Electronics, University of Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: C.N.R.S. – University of Orleans, 45071 Orleans Cedex 2, France  6: Neutron Science Laboratory, K.E.K., 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  7: Dept. Química-Física I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 292 Issue 2/3, p273; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: DEUTERIUM oxide; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: QENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Re-entrant mixture; Author-Supplied Keyword: SANS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00081-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Russina, Margarita
AU  - Russina, Olga
AU  - Mezei, Ferenc
T1  - Heterogeneous large amplitude atomic motion in supercooled liquids
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 292
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 03010104
AB  - One of the central questions in glass physics is the dynamic nature of the glass transition. Essential issues are the type of atomic motions involved and their homogeneity or heterogeneity. Previous experimental studies of the dynamic heterogeneity performed by special NMR techniques for times <f>></f>10−6 s and by incoherent neutron scattering were restricted to the α-relaxation process. Here we review the results of neutron scattering studies focused on the picosecond time domain showing that fast β-process corresponds to large amplitude cluster like heterogeneous motion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10356628; Russina, Margarita 1; Email Address: russina@lanl.gov Russina, Olga 2 Mezei, Ferenc 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Hahn-Meitner-Institute Berlin GmbH, Glienicker Str.100, Berlin 14109, Germany; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 292 Issue 2/3, p325; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00256-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marchetti, Alfredo A.
AU  - Knize, Mark G.
AU  - Chiarappa-Zucca, Marina L.
AU  - Pletcher, Ronald J.
AU  - Layton, David W.
T1  - Biodegradation of potential diesel oxygenate additives: dibutyl maleate (DBM), and tripropylene glycol methyl ether (TGME)
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 52
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
SN  - 00456535
AB  - The addition of oxygen-bearing compounds to diesel fuel considerably reduces particulate emissions. TGME and DBM have been identified as possible diesel additives based on their physicochemical characteristics and performance in engine tests. Although these compounds will reduce particulate emissions, their potential environmental impacts are unknown. As a means of characterizing their persistence in environmental media such as soil and groundwater, we conducted a series of biodegradation tests of DBM and TGME. Benzene and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) were also tested as reference compounds. Primary degradation of DBM fully occurred within 3 days, while TGME presented a lag phase of approximately 8 days and was not completely degraded by day 28. Benzene primary degradation occurred completely by day 3 and MTBE did not degrade at all. The total mineralized fractions of DBM and TGME achieved constant values as a function of time of ∼65% and ∼40%, respectively. Transport predictions show that, released to the environment, DBM and TGME would concentrate mostly in soils and waters with minimal impact to air. From an environmental standpoint, these results combined with the transport predictions indicate that DBM is a better choice than TGME as a diesel additive. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGENATED gasoline
KW  - BUTYL methyl ether
KW  - DIESEL fuels
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - Aerobic
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Biotransformation
KW  - Fuel
KW  - MTBE
KW  - Recalcitrant
N1  - Accession Number: 9791094; Marchetti, Alfredo A.; Email Address: marchetti1@llnl.gov Knize, Mark G. 1 Chiarappa-Zucca, Marina L. 1 Pletcher, Ronald J. 1 Layton, David W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-396, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 52 Issue 5, p861; Subject Term: OXYGENATED gasoline; Subject Term: BUTYL methyl ether; Subject Term: DIESEL fuels; Subject Term: BIODEGRADATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biotransformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: MTBE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recalcitrant; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00293-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howard Herzog
AU  - Ken Caldeira
AU  - John Reilly
T1  - An Issue of Permanence: Assessing the Effectiveness of Temporary Carbon Storage.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 310
SN  - 01650009
AB  - In this paper, we present a method to quantify the effectiveness of carbon mitigation options taking into account the `permanence' of the emissions reduction. While the issue of permanence is most commonly associated with a `leaky' carbon sequestration reservoir, we argue that this is an issue that applies to just about all carbon mitigation options. The appropriate formulation of this problem is to ask `what is the value of temporary storage?' Valuing temporary storage can be represented as a familiar economic problem, with explicitly stated assumptions about carbon prices and the discount rate. To illustrate the methodology, we calculate the sequestration effectiveness for injecting CO2 at various depths in the ocean. Analysis is performed for three limiting carbon price assumptions: constant carbon prices (assumes constant marginal damages), carbon prices rise at the discount rate (assumes efficient allocation of a cumulative emissions cap without a backstop technology), and carbon prices first rise at the discount rate but become constant after a given time (assumes introduction of a backstop technology). Our results show that the value of relatively deep ocean carbon sequestration can be nearly equivalent to permanent sequestration if marginal damages (i.e., carbon prices) remain constant or if there is a backstop technology that caps the abatement cost in the not too distant future. On the other hand, if climate damages are such as to require a fixed cumulative emissions limit and there is no backstop, then a storage option with even very slow leakage has limited value relative to a permanent storage option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - CARBON -- Environmental aspects
KW  - METHODOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 20373894; Howard Herzog 1 Ken Caldeira 2 John Reilly 3; Affiliation:  1: Lab for Energy and the Environment, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Bldg. E40-471, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. E-mail: hjherzog@mit.edu  2: Lawrence Livermore National Lab, 7000 East Ave, L-103, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.A. E-mail: kenc@llnl.gov  3: Joint Program for the Science and Policy of Global Change, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Bldg. E40-263, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. E-mail: jreilly@mit.edu; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p293; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: CARBON -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Echekki, Tarek
AU  - Chen, Jacqueline H.
T1  - Direct numerical simulation of autoignition in non-homogeneous hydrogen-air mixtures
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 134
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 00102180
AB  - The autoignition of spatially non-homogeneous hydrogen-air mixtures in 2-D random turbulence and mixture fraction fields is studied using the Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) approach coupled with detailed kinetics. The coupling between chemistry and the unsteady scalar dissipation rate field is investigated over a wide range of different autoignition scenarios. The simulations show that autoignition is initiated at discrete spatially localized sites, referred to as kernels, by radical build-up in high-temperature, fuel-lean mixtures, and at relatively low dissipation rates. Detailed analysis of the dominant chemistry and the relative roles of reaction and diffusion is implemented by tracking the evolution of four representative kernels that characterize the range of ignition behaviors observed in the simulation. This evolution yields different autoignition delay scenarios as well as extinction at the different sites based on the local dissipation rates and their temporal histories. Where significant autoignition delay and extinction are observed, a shift in the relative roles of dominant reactions that contribute to radical production and consumption during this induction phase is observed. This shift is particularly characterized by an increased role of termination reactions during the intermediate stages of the induction period, which results in extinction in approximately two thirds of the ignition kernels in the computational domain. The fate of the different kernels is associated with: (1) the dissipation of heat that contributes to a slowdown in chemical reactions and a shift in the balance between chain-branching and chain-termination reactions; (2) the dissipation of mass that keeps the radical pool growth in check, and that is promoted by slower reaction rates; and (3) counter to the effects of dissipation of heat and intermediate species, the preferential diffusion of H2 relative to both heat and its diluent, N2, that promotes ignition. Ultimately, the balance between radical production and dissipation determines the success or failure of a given kernel to ignite. A new criterion for unsteady ignition is presented based on the instantaneous balance between radical production and dissipation. A Damko¨hler number, so defined, must remain above a critical value of unity at all times during the induction period if the kernel is to eventually ignite. Inherent in a multi-step kinetic description of ignition phenomena is the disparate time scales associated with different elementary reactions that, coupled with the characteristic scales of heat and mass dissipation, may yield different dominant chemistries at different stages of the induction process for a given kernel. To capture the strong history effects associated with radical build-up, new ignition progress variables based on key radical species are investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - AIR
KW  - FUEL
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Autoignition
KW  - DNS
KW  - Hydrogen Oxidation
KW  - Turbulent combustion
N1  - Accession Number: 10695543; Echekki, Tarek 1; Email Address: techekk@eos.ncsu.edu Chen, Jacqueline H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7910, USA  2: Combustion Research Facility, MS 9051, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 134 Issue 3, p169; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: AIR; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autoignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulent combustion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-2180(03)00088-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ali, A. N.
AU  - Son, S. F.
AU  - Asay, B. W.
AU  - Decroix, M. E.
AU  - Brewster, M. Q.
T1  - HIGH-IRRADIANCE LASER IGNITION OF EXPLOSIVES.
JO  - Combustion Science & Technology
JF  - Combustion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 175
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1551
EP  - 1571
SN  - 00102202
AB  - A current issue important to high explosive safety is deflagration-to-detonation transitions (DDTs) in accident scenarios. In order to better understand the reactive mechanisms involved in DDT and to begin to approach the fast ignition and heating rates seen in DDT, high-irradiance (≤800W/cm²) CO2 laser ignition experiments were performed on the common high explosives octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB). Reported data include time to ignition as a function of laser irradiance, energy, and ignition temperature. A simple dual ignition criteria model (DICM) was used to interpret the HMX results. The DICM requires two basic criteria for ignition: (1) a minimum surface temperature must be reached and (2) a minimum energy concentration must exist within the solid. The DICM sucessfully predicted the slope transition trend and the critical ignition energy for HMX to within 10% of the measured values. TATB had a single dependence on irradiance over the entire range of heating rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Safety
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Acoustic phenomena in nature
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Explosives
KW  - DDT
KW  - explosives
KW  - HMX
KW  - ignition
KW  - laser
KW  - TATB
N1  - Accession Number: 13875203; Ali, A. N. 1; Son, S. F. 1; Email Address: son@lanl.gov; Asay, B. W. 1; Decroix, M. E. 1; Brewster, M. Q. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; 2: University of Illinois at Urbana/Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 175 Issue 8, p1551; Thesaurus Term: Safety; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Subject Term: Acoustic phenomena in nature; Subject Term: Lasers; Subject Term: Explosives; Author-Supplied Keyword: DDT; Author-Supplied Keyword: explosives; Author-Supplied Keyword: HMX; Author-Supplied Keyword: ignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: TATB; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00102200390219416
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhijun Qiao
T1  - The Camassa-Holm Hierarchy, N-Dimensional Integrable Systems, and Algebro-Geometric Solution on a Symplectic Submanifold.
JO  - Communications in Mathematical Physics
JF  - Communications in Mathematical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 239
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 341
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00103616
AB  - This paper shows that the Camassa-Holm (CH) spectral problem yields two different integrable hierarchies of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs), one is of negative order CH hierachy while the other one is of positive order CH hierarchy. The two CH hierarchies possess the zero curvature representations through solving a key matrix equation. We see that the well-known CH equation is included in the negative order CH hierarchy while the Dym type equation is included in the positive order CH hierarchy. Furthermore, under two constraint conditions between the potentials and the eigenfunctions, the CH spectral problem is cast in: 1. a new Neumann-like N-dimensional system when it is restricted into a symplectic submanifold of ℝ2N which is proven to be integrable by using the Dirac-Poisson bracket and the r-matrix process; and 2. a new Bargmann-like N-dimensional system when it is considered in the whole ℝ2N which is proven to be integrable by using the standard Poisson bracket and the r-matrix process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Mathematical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUBMANIFOLDS
KW  - NONLINEAR evolution equations
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16794028; Zhijun Qiao 1,2; Email Address: qiao@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-7 and CNLS, MS B-284, NM 87545, Los Alamos, USA  2: Institute of Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 239 Issue 1/2, p309; Subject Term: SUBMANIFOLDS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR evolution equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00220-003-0880-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, S.-L.
AU  - Zhou, C. Q.
T1  - Simulation of FCC riser flow with multiphase heat transfer and cracking reactions.
JO  - Computational Mechanics
JF  - Computational Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 519
EP  - 532
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01787675
AB  - A validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code ICRKFLO was developed for simulations of three-dimensional three-phase reacting flows in Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) riser reactors. It calculates the product yields based on local flow properties by solving the fundamental conservation principles of mass, momentum, and energy for the flow properties associated with the gas, liquid, and solid phases. Unique phenomenological models and numerical techniques were developed specifically for the FCC flow simulation. The models include a spray vaporization model, a particle-solid interaction model, and an interfacial heat transfer model. The numerical techniques include a time-integral approach to overcome numerical stiffness problems in chemical kinetics rate calculations and a hybrid hydrodynamic-kinetic treatment to facilitate detailed kinetics calculations of cracking reactions. ICRKFLO has been validated with extensive test data from two pilot and one commercial FCC units. It is proven to be useful for advanced development of FCC riser reactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Mechanics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - CATALYTIC cracking
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - CFD
KW  - Fluid catalytic cracking
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - Multiphase flow
N1  - Accession Number: 16899599; Chang, S.-L. 1 Zhou, C. Q. 2; Email Address: qzhou@calumet.purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Purdue University Calumet, Department of Engineering, Hammond, IN 46321, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p519; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: CATALYTIC cracking; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: CFD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid catalytic cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiphase flow; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00466-003-0459-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rubinstein, R.
AU  - Zhou, Ye
T1  - Schiestel's derivation of the epsilon equation and two-equation modelling of rotating turbulence
JO  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
JF  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
SN  - 08981221
AB  - As part of a more general program of developing multiple-scale models of turbulence, Schiestel suggested a derivation of the homogeneous part of the dissipation rate transport equation. Schiestel''s approach is generalized to rotating turbulence. The resulting model reproduces the main features observed in decaying rotating turbulence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Mathematics with Applications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Dissipation rate equation
KW  - Multiple-scale turbulence models
KW  - Rotating turbulence
KW  - Two-equation turbulence models
N1  - Accession Number: 11729764; Rubinstein, R. 1 Zhou, Ye 2; Affiliation:  1: ICASE, NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA 23681, U.S.A.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94551, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p633; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissipation rate equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple-scale turbulence models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-equation turbulence models; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Qinhong
AU  - Wang, Joseph S.Y.
T1  - Aqueous-Phase Diffusion in Unsaturated Geologic Media: A Review.
JO  - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 297
SN  - 10643389
AB  - Aqueous-phase diffusion in geologic media is very important in agricultural production, contaminant transport and remediation, risk assessment, and waste disposal. This review was undertaken to investigate (1) the components of effective diffusion coefficients, (2) diffusion as a function of water content and diffusion models, as well as the effects of temperature, compactness, and sorption on diffusion, and (3) diffusion in aggregated media. We focus on the behavior of, and relationship between, nonsorbing diffusion species and water content, particularly in porous aggregates. At low water content, aqueous-phase diffusion occurs in thin liquid films on particle surfaces, and diffusion is very slow. Diffusion is monotonically related to water content, but the relationship is not simple and depends on the range of water contents (e.g., the different forms of relationships at different water-content ranges). Data from the scientific literature further show that such relationship is related to the texture (pore-size distribution) of the geologic medium. In this article, we compile the available models that describe the relationship between diffusion coefficient and water content, with some models incorporating parameters related to medium properties. Temperature dependence of diffusion is related to the viscosity change of water at different temperatures. We note that the effects of water content on interacting sorption and diffusion deserve further investigation. Our investigation showed that, for porous aggregated media such as tuff gravel, the total water content is comprised of surface water (inter-aggregate regions) and internal water (intra-aggregate regions). Surface film water around particles and pendular water between the aggregate contacts serve as the predominant diffusion pathways. Diffusion in tuff gravel could be very slow, because water films on surfaces could be discontinuous or absent. Finally, future directions regarding the testing of aqueous-phase diffusion in complex systems (e.g., unsaturated porous aggregates) are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - diffusion
KW  - porous aggregates
KW  - surface water
KW  - unsaturated
KW  - water content
N1  - Accession Number: 10494872; Hu, Qinhong 1 Wang, Joseph S.Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p275; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: porous aggregates; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface water; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated; Author-Supplied Keyword: water content; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, J.W.
AU  - Williams, L.L.
T1  - Utilization of critical fluids in processing semiconductors and their related materials
JO  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 7
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
SN  - 13590286
AB  - The use of carbon dioxide in its various states: supercritical (SC-CO2), liquid (L-CO2) or pellet form (snow-CO2) for processing and cleaning in semiconductor fabrication and related electronic devices is assessed in this review. An understanding of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for carbon dioxide-based processing, as in surface cleaning, is lacking. Although carbon dioxide is an excellent solvent for removing non-polar contaminants from a variety of surfaces, other CO2-based cleaning and surface modification processes are based on mechanical or morphological-induced changes in the interfacial region. The extremely low surface tension of CO2 is a favorable property in terms of its rapid and complete removal from the substrate after a treatment has been affected, and this characteristic of CO2 also accounts for its negligible effect on the morphology of the substrate, as utilized in the microelectronic industry. Applications of critical fluids in integrated circuit manufacturing operations, such as wafer cleaning, film deposition, photoresist stripping, drying, and particulate removal are noted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CHEMICAL engineering
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Cleaning
KW  - Critical fluid
KW  - Drying
KW  - Particulate removal
KW  - Photoresist
KW  - Semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 12747634; King, J.W.; Email Address: kingjw@lanl.gov Williams, L.L. 1; Email Address: williamsl@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Supercritical Fluid Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory, C-ACT Group, Chemistry Division, Mail Stop E-537, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 7 Issue 4/5, p413; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cleaning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate removal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoresist; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cossms.2004.02.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Monteiro, Othon R.
AU  - Liu, Hongbing
T1  - Nucleation and growth of CVD diamond films on patterned substrates
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1357
SN  - 09259635
AB  - The interest in using CVD diamond in the fabrication of microelectro-mechanical components has steadily increased over the last few years. Typical technology for manufacturing such components involves the use of molds patterned in silicon or silicon dioxide, which are filled by diamond deposition. The degree of conformality of the CVD film and the characteristics of the diamond–substrate interface becomes critical for the successful fabrication and performance of such devices. We have investigated the growth of CVD diamond films on patterned substrates using a microwave plasma assisted deposition reactor. In particular, the use of seed layers to enhance nucleation on horizontal and vertical walls as well as to promote complete filling of narrow trenches is investigated. Scanning electron microscopy is used to characterize the nucleation and growth of the diamond films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - Diamond
KW  - Diamond like carbon
KW  - Nucleation
N1  - Accession Number: 10233733; Monteiro, Othon R. 1; Email Address: ormonteiro@lbl.gov Liu, Hongbing 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: General Nanotechnology, 1119 Park Hill Road, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 12 Issue 8, p1357; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond like carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-9635(03)00106-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johann Jr., Donald J.
AU  - McGuigan, Michael D.
AU  - Tomov, Stanimire
AU  - Fusaro, Vincent A.
AU  - Ross, Sally
AU  - Conrads, Thomas P.
AU  - Veenstra, Timothy D.
AU  - Fishmand, David A.
AU  - Whiteley, Gordon R.
AU  - Petricoin, Emanuel F.
AU  - Liotta, Lance A.
T1  - Novel approaches to visualization and data mining reveals diagnostic information in the low amplitude region of serum mass spectra from ovarian cancer patients.
JO  - Disease Markers
JF  - Disease Markers
Y1  - 2003/08//2003/2004
VL  - 19
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 207
PB  - Hindawi Publishing Corporation
SN  - 02780240
AB  - The ability to identify patterns of diagnostic signatures in proteomic data generated by high throughput mass spectrometry (MS) based serum analysis has recently generated much excitement and interest from the scientific community. These data sets can be very large, with high-resolution MS instrumentation producing 1–2 million data points per sample. Approaches to analyze mass spectral data using unsupervised and supervised data mining operations would greatly benefit from tools that effectively allow for data reduction without losing important diagnostic information. In the past, investigators have proposed approaches where data reduction is performed by a priori "peak picking" and alignment/warping/smoothing components using rule-based signal-to-noise measurements. Unfortunately, while this type of system has been employed for gene microarray analysis, it is unclear whether it will be effective in the analysis of mass spectral data, which unlike microarray data, is comprised of continuous measurement operations. Moreover, it is unclear where true signal begins and noise ends. Therefore, we have developed an approach to MS data analysis using new types of data visualization and mining operations in which data reduction is accomplished by culling via the intensity of the peaks themselves instead of by location. Applying this new analysis method on a large study set of high resolution mass spectra from healthy and ovarian cancer patients, shows that all of the diagnostic information is contained within the very lowest amplitude regions of the mass spectra. This region can then be selected and studied to identify the exact location and amplitude of the diagnostic biomarkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Disease Markers is the property of Hindawi Publishing Corporation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA mining
KW  - OVARIAN cancer
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - DIAGNOSIS
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - data visualization
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - ovarian cancer
KW  - SELDI-TOF MS
N1  - Accession Number: 13834856; Johann Jr., Donald J. 1; Email Address: dj151o@nih.gov McGuigan, Michael D. 2 Tomov, Stanimire 2 Fusaro, Vincent A. 1 Ross, Sally 1 Conrads, Thomas P. 3 Veenstra, Timothy D. 3 Fishmand, David A. 4 Whiteley, Gordon R. 5 Petricoin, Emanuel F. 6 Liotta, Lance A. 1; Affiliation:  1: NCI-FDA Clinical Proteomics Program, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Information Technology Division, Upton, NY, USA  3: Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA  4: National Ovarian Cancer Early Detection Program, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA  5: NCI-FDA Clinical Proteomics Program, Clinical Proteomics Reference Laboratory, SAIC Frederick, Gaithersburg, MD, USA  6: NCI-FDA Clinical Proteomics Program, Office of Cell and Gene Therapy, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD, USA; Source Info: 2003/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 4/5, p197; Subject Term: DATA mining; Subject Term: OVARIAN cancer; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Subject Term: DIAGNOSIS; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: data visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: diagnosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ovarian cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: SELDI-TOF MS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garten Jr., Charles T.
AU  - Ashwood, Tom L.
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
T1  - Effect of military training on indicators of soil quality at Fort Benning, Georgia
JO  - Ecological Indicators
JF  - Ecological Indicators
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 1470160X
AB  - The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of soil disturbance on several key indicators of soil quality at Fort Benning, Georgia. Military activities at Fort Benning that result in soil disturbance include infantry, artillery, wheeled, and tracked vehicle training. Soil samples were collected along a disturbance gradient that included: (1) reference sites, (2) light military use, (3) moderate military use, (4) heavy military use, and (5) remediated sites. With the exception of surface soil bulk density, measured soil properties at reference and light use sites were similar. Relative to reference sites, greater surface soil bulk density, lower soil carbon concentrations, and less carbon and nitrogen in particulate organic matter (POM) were found at moderate use, heavy use, and remediated sites. Studies along a pine forest chronosequence indicated that carbon stocks in POM gradually increased with stand age. An analysis of soil C:N ratios, as well as soil carbon concentrations and stocks, indicated a recovery of soil quality at moderate military use and remediated sites relative to heavy military use sites. Measurements of soil carbon and nitrogen are ecological indicators that can be used by military land managers to identify changes in soil from training activities and to rank training areas on the basis of soil quality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Indicators is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soils
KW  - Military education
KW  - Fort Benning (Ga.)
KW  - Georgia
KW  - United States
KW  - Mineral-associated organic matter
KW  - Particulate organic matter
KW  - Soil carbon
KW  - Soil disturbance gradient
KW  - Soil nitrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 10503014; Garten Jr., Charles T.; Email Address: gartenctjr@ornl.gov; Ashwood, Tom L. 1; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Mail Stop 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 3 Issue 3, p171; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Subject Term: Military education; Subject Term: Fort Benning (Ga.); Subject: Georgia; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral-associated organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil disturbance gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil nitrogen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611110 Elementary and Secondary Schools; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1470-160X(03)00041-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=10503014&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mendes, N.
AU  - Winkelmann, F.C.
AU  - Lamberts, R.
AU  - Philippi, P.C.
T1  - Moisture effects on conduction loads
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 631
SN  - 03787788
AB  - The effects of moisture on sensible and latent conduction loads are shown by using a heat and mass transfer model with variable material properties, under varying boundary conditions. This model was then simplified to reduce calculation time and used to predict conduction peak load (CPL) and yearly integrated wall conduction heat flux (YHF) in three different cities: Singapore (hot/humid), Seattle (cold/humid) and Phoenix (hot/dry). The room air temperature and relative humidity were calculated with the building energy simulation program DOE-2.1E. The materials studied were aerated cellular concrete (ACC), brick (BRK), lime mortar (LMT) and wood. It is shown that the effects of moisture can be very significant and that simplified mathematical models can reduce the calculation time with varying effects on accuracy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Moisture
KW  - Conduction electrons
KW  - Conduction
KW  - Hygroscopic
N1  - Accession Number: 9856062; Mendes, N. 1; Email Address: nmendes@ccet.pucpr.br; Winkelmann, F.C. 2; Lamberts, R. 3; Philippi, P.C. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Thermal Systems Laboratory, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Simulation Research Group, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p631; Thesaurus Term: Moisture; Subject Term: Conduction electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hygroscopic; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00171-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Türler, A.
AU  - Düllmann, Ch.E.
AU  - Gäggeler, H.W.
AU  - Kirbach, U.W.
AU  - Yakushev, A.B.
AU  - Schädel, M.
AU  - Brüchle, W.
AU  - Dressler, R.
AU  - Eberhardt, K.
AU  - Eichler, B.
AU  - Eichler, R.
AU  - Ginter, T.N.
AU  - Glaus, F.
AU  - Gregorich, K.E.
AU  - Hoffman, D.C.
AU  - Jäger, E.
AU  - Jost, D.T.
AU  - Lee, D.M.
AU  - Nitsche, H.
AU  - Patin, J.B.
T1  - On the decay properties of 269Hs and indications for the new nuclide 270Hs.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 505
EP  - 508
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - In bombardments of 248Cm with 143.7–146.8 MeV 26Mg ions the nuclides 269Hs and presumably 270Hs were produced. After chemical isolation, Hs atoms were identified by observing genetically linked nuclear-decay chains. Three chains originating from 269Hs confirmed the decay properties observed previously in the decay of 277112. Two chains exhibited the characteristics expected for the new nuclide 270Hs, which was predicted to be a deformed ‘doubly magic’ nucleus. From the measured Eα = 9.16+0.07-0.03 MeV an α-decay half-life of 3.6+0.8-1.4 s was estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion fusion reactions
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16708311; Türler, A. 1 Düllmann, Ch.E. 2,3 Gäggeler, H.W. 2,3 Kirbach, U.W. 4 Yakushev, A.B. 5 Schädel, M. 6 Brüchle, W. 6 Dressler, R. 2 Eberhardt, K. 7 Eichler, B. 2 Eichler, R. 2 Ginter, T.N. 4 Glaus, F. 2 Gregorich, K.E. 4 Hoffman, D.C. 4,8 Jäger, E. 6 Jost, D.T. 2 Lee, D.M. 4 Nitsche, H. 4,8 Patin, J.B. 4,8; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Radiochemie, TU München, D-85748 Garching, Germany  2: Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  4: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia  6: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany  7: Institut für Kernchemie, Universitat Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany  8: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Ca 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p505; Subject Term: HEAVY ion fusion reactions; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10163-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rühm, W.
AU  - Rugel, G.
AU  - Faestermann, T.
AU  - Knie, K.
AU  - Wallner, A.
AU  - Heisinger, B.
AU  - Nolte, E.
AU  - Marchetti, A.A.
AU  - Martinelli, R.E.
AU  - Carroll, K.L.
AU  - Korschinek, G.
T1  - Cosmic-ray-induced 63Ni --A potential confounder of fast-neutron-induced 63Ni in copper samples from Hiroshima.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
EP  - 639
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - Recently, the determination of 63Ni in copper samples has been suggested as a means to assess fast-neutron fluences in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In those samples, 63Ni (half-life: 100.07 years) was produced by MeV neutrons from the A-bomb explosions via the reaction 63Cu(n,p)63Ni. For large distances from the hypocenters, cosmic-ray-induced production of 63Ni might also be important and, therefore, it is calculated here. The effective probability ƒ* which is required to quantify the cosmic-ray-induced production by stopped muons, was measured, and a value of (12.6 ± 1.6)% obtained. The cross-section for the cosmic-ray-induced production by fast muons was measured to be (0.64 ± 0.33) mb, at a muon energy of 100 GeV. To validate the proposed method, cosmic-ray-induced production of 32P in sulfur and of 39Ar in granite was also calculated, and reasonable agreement with literature values was found. Our estimates indicate that as many as (4–5) 10363Ni nuclei per gram copper were produced in a sample that was exposed to cosmic radiation in Hiroshima for about 80 years. A similar concentration due to A-bomb neutrons would be expected in Hiroshima at a distance from the hypocenter of about 1900 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - COPPER
KW  - HIROSHIMA-shi (Japan)
KW  - NAGASAKI-shi (Japan)
KW  - JAPAN
N1  - Accession Number: 16708317; Rühm, W. 1 Rugel, G. 1,2 Faestermann, T. 2 Knie, K. 2 Wallner, A. 1,2 Heisinger, B. 2 Nolte, E. 2 Marchetti, A.A. 3 Martinelli, R.E. 3 Carroll, K.L. 3 Korschinek, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Radiobiological Institute, University of Munich, Schillerstrasse 42, 80336 Munich, Germany  2: Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p633; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: HIROSHIMA-shi (Japan); Subject Term: NAGASAKI-shi (Japan); Subject Term: JAPAN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2003-10034-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16708317&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benayoun, M.
AU  - David, P.
AU  - DelBuono, L.
AU  - Leruste, Ph
AU  - O'Connell, H. B.
T1  - The pion form factor within the hidden local symmetry model.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 397
EP  - 411
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - We analyze a pion form factor formulation which fulfills the Analyticity requirement within the redden Local Symmetry (HLS) Model. This implies an s-dependent dressing of the p - γ VMD coupling and an account of several coupled channels. The corresponding function Fπ (s) provides nice fits of the pion form factor data from s = -0.25 to s = 1 GeV2. It is shown that the coupling to K&Kmacr; has little effect, while ωπ0 improves significantly the fit probability below the φ mass. No need for additional states like ρ(1450) shows up in this invariant-mass range. All parameters, except for the subtraction polynomial coefficients, are fixed from the rest of the HLS phenomenology. The fits show consistency with the expected behaviour of Fπ(s) at s = 0 up to O(s2) and with the phase shift data on δ11(s) from threshold to somewhat above the φ mass. The ω sector is also examined in relation with recent data from CMD-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIONS
KW  - PION-pion interactions
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHASE shift (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16767511; Benayoun, M. 1,2 David, P. 2 DelBuono, L. 2 Leruste, Ph 2 O'Connell, H. B. 3; Affiliation:  1: CERN, Laboratoire Européen pour la Recherche Nucléa,ire, 1211, Genève 23, Switzerland  2: LPNHE des LJniversités Paris VI et VII—IN2P3, Paris, France  3: Fermilab, PO Box 500 MS 109, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p397; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: PION-pion interactions; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHASE shift (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2003-01234-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Webster, Jackson R.
AU  - Mulholland, Patrick J.
AU  - Tank, Jennifer L.
AU  - Valett, H. Maurice
AU  - Dodds, Walter K.
AU  - Peterson, Bruce J.
AU  - Bowden, William B.
AU  - Dahm, Clifford N.
AU  - Findlay, Stuart
AU  - Gregory, Stanley V.
AU  - Grimm, Nancy B.
AU  - Hamilton, Stephen K.
AU  - Johnson, Sherri L.
AU  - Martí, Eugènia
AU  - Mcdowell, William H.
AU  - Meyer, Judy L.
AU  - Morrall, Donna D.
AU  - Thomas, Steven A.
AU  - Wollheim, Wilfred M.
T1  - Factors affecting ammonium uptake in streams – an inter-biome perspective.
JO  - Freshwater Biology
JF  - Freshwater Biology
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 48
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1329
EP  - 1352
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00465070
AB  - Summary 1. The Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment (LINX) was a coordinated study of the relationships between North American biomes and factors governing ammonium uptake in streams. Our objective was to relate inter-biome variability of ammonium uptake to physical, chemical and biological processes. 2. Data were collected from 11 streams ranging from arctic to tropical and from desert to rainforest. Measurements at each site included physical, hydraulic and chemical characteristics, biological parameters, whole-stream metabolism and ammonium uptake. Ammonium uptake was measured by injection of 15 N-ammonium and downstream measurements of 15 N-ammonium concentration. 3. We found no general, statistically significant relationships that explained the variability in ammonium uptake among sites. However, this approach does not account for the multiple mechanisms of ammonium uptake in streams. When we estimated biological demand for inorganic nitrogen based on our measurements of in-stream metabolism, we found good correspondence between calculated nitrogen demand and measured assimilative nitrogen uptake. 4. Nitrogen uptake varied little among sites, reflecting metabolic compensation in streams in a variety of distinctly different biomes (autotrophic production is high where allochthonous inputs are relatively low and vice versa ). 5. Both autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism require nitrogen and these biotic processes dominate inorganic nitrogen retention in streams. Factors that affect the relative balance of autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism indirectly control inorganic nitrogen uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Freshwater Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - AMMONIUM
KW  - RAIN forests
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - biome
KW  - metabolism
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - stable isotope
KW  - Transient storage
N1  - Accession Number: 10281741; Webster, Jackson R. 1 Mulholland, Patrick J. 2 Tank, Jennifer L. 3 Valett, H. Maurice 1 Dodds, Walter K. 4 Peterson, Bruce J. 5 Bowden, William B. 6 Dahm, Clifford N. 7 Findlay, Stuart 8 Gregory, Stanley V. 9 Grimm, Nancy B. 10 Hamilton, Stephen K. 11 Johnson, Sherri L. 12 Martí, Eugènia 13 Mcdowell, William H. 14 Meyer, Judy L. 15 Morrall, Donna D. 16 Thomas, Steven A. 17 Wollheim, Wilfred M. 18; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.  3: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, U.S.A.  4: Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A.  5: Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, U.S.A.  6: School of Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, U.S.A.  7: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, U.S.A.  8: Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, U.S.A.  9: Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.  10: Department of Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, U.S.A.  11: Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, E Gull Lake Dr., Hickory Corners, MI, U.S.A.  12: USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.  13: Centre d'Estudis Avancats de Blanes (CSIC), Blanes, Girona, Spain  14: Department of Natural Resources, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, U.S.A.  15: Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A.  16: Environmental Science Department, Procter and Gambell Company, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A.  17: Eco-Metrics, Inc., Pendleton, OR, U.S.A.  18: Complex Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 48 Issue 8, p1329; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: AMMONIUM; Subject Term: RAIN forests; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: biome; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: stable isotope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient storage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01094.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neumeyer, C.
AU  - Heitzenroeder, P.
AU  - Kessel, C.
AU  - Ono, M.
AU  - Peng, M.
AU  - Schmidt, J.
AU  - Woolley, R.
AU  - Zatz, I.
T1  - Next step spherical torus design studies
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 145
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Studies are underway to identify and characterize a design point for a next step spherical torus (NSST) experiment. This would be a ‘proof of performance’ device which would follow and build upon the successes of the national spherical torus experiment (NSTX) ‘proof of principle’ device which has operated at PPPL since 1999. With the decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) of the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) nearly completed, the TFTR test cell and facility will soon be available for a device such as NSST. By utilizing the TFTR test cell, NSST can be constructed for a relatively low cost on a short time scale. In addition, while furthering spherical torus (ST) research, this device could achieve modest fusion power gain for short pulse lengths, a significant step toward future large burning plasma devices now under discussion in the fusion community. The selected design point is Q=2 at HH=1.4, Pfusion=60 MW, 5-s pulse, with R0=1.5 m, A=1.6, Ip=10 MA, Bt=2.6 T, CS flux=16 weber. Most of the research would be conducted in DD, with a limited DT campaign during the last years of the program. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - Burning plasma
KW  - Constant tension TF coil
KW  - Demonstrable TF coil
KW  - Spherical torus
N1  - Accession Number: 17578875; Neumeyer, C. 1; Email Address: neumeyer@pppl.gov Heitzenroeder, P. 1 Kessel, C. 1 Ono, M. 1 Peng, M. 2 Schmidt, J. 1 Woolley, R. 1 Zatz, I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton University Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p139; Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burning plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Constant tension TF coil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Demonstrable TF coil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical torus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00161-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, B.E.
AU  - Berry, L.A.
AU  - Brooks, A.B.
AU  - Cole, M.J.
AU  - Chrzanowski, J.C.
AU  - Fan, H.-M.
AU  - Fogarty, P.J.
AU  - Goranson, P.L.
AU  - Heitzenroeder, P.J.
AU  - Hirshman, S.P.
AU  - Jones, G.H.
AU  - Lyon, J.F.
AU  - Neilson, G.H.
AU  - Reiersen, W.T.
AU  - Strickler, D.J.
AU  - Williamson, D.E.
T1  - Design of the national compact stellarator experiment (NCSX)
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 174
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) [] is being designed as a proof of principal test of a quasi-axisymmetric compact stellarator. This concept combines the high beta and good confinement features of an advanced tokamak with the low current, disruption-free characteristics of a stellarator. NCSX has a three-field-period plasma configuration with an average major radius of 1.4 m, an average minor radius of 0.33 m and a toroidal magnetic field on axis of up to 2 T. The stellarator core is a complex assembly of four coil systems that surround the highly shaped plasma and vacuum vessel. Heating is provided by up to four, 1.5 MW neutral beam injectors and provision is made to add 6 MW of ICRH. The experiment will be built at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, with first plasma expected in 2007. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - Coil systems
KW  - Compact stellarators
KW  - Modular coils
KW  - Stellarator experiment
N1  - Accession Number: 17578879; Nelson, B.E. 1; Email Address: nelsonbe@ornl.gov Berry, L.A. 1 Brooks, A.B. 2 Cole, M.J. 1 Chrzanowski, J.C. 2 Fan, H.-M. 2 Fogarty, P.J. 1 Goranson, P.L. 1 Heitzenroeder, P.J. 2 Hirshman, S.P. 1 Jones, G.H. 1 Lyon, J.F. 1 Neilson, G.H. 2 Reiersen, W.T. 2 Strickler, D.J. 1 Williamson, D.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8073, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08502, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p169; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coil systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compact stellarators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modular coils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stellarator experiment; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00183-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17578879&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, B.E.
AU  - Benson, R.D.
AU  - Berry, L.A.
AU  - Brooks, A.B.
AU  - Cole, M.J.
AU  - Fogarty, P.J.
AU  - Goranson, P.L.
AU  - Heitzenroeder, P.
AU  - Hirshman, S.P.
AU  - Jones, G.H.
AU  - Lyon, J.F.
AU  - Mioduszewski, P.K.
AU  - Monticello, D.A.
AU  - Spong, D.A.
AU  - Strickler, D.J.
AU  - Ware, A.S.
AU  - Williamson, D.E.
T1  - Design of the quasi-poloidal stellarator experiment (QPS)
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 210
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The Quasi-poloidal stellarator (QPS), currently in the early design phase, is a low-aspect-ratio (R/a=2.7), concept exploration experiment with a non-axisymmetric, near-poloidally-symmetric magnetic configuration. The QPS design parameters are 〈R〉=0.9 m, 〈a〉=0.33 m, B=1 T, and a 1 s pulse length. The QPS device will be located at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Lyon et al. [, 2001] describes the physics and engineering features in detail. The QPS device is estimated to require 4 years from start of design to first plasma in 2007. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - Compact stellarator
KW  - Modular coils
KW  - Quasi-poloidal stellarator
N1  - Accession Number: 17578885; Nelson, B.E. 1; Email Address: nelsonbe@ornl.gov Benson, R.D. 1 Berry, L.A. 1 Brooks, A.B. 2 Cole, M.J. 1 Fogarty, P.J. 1 Goranson, P.L. 1 Heitzenroeder, P. 2 Hirshman, S.P. 1 Jones, G.H. 1 Lyon, J.F. 1 Mioduszewski, P.K. 1 Monticello, D.A. 2 Spong, D.A. 1 Strickler, D.J. 1 Ware, A.S. 3 Williamson, D.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8073, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08502, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p205; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compact stellarator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modular coils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-poloidal stellarator; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00203-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17578885&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baxi, C.B.
AU  - Reis, E.E.
AU  - Ulrickson, M.A.
AU  - Heizenroeder, P.
AU  - Driemeyer, D.
T1  - Thermal stress analysis of FIRE divertor
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 327
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The fusion engineering research experiment (FIRE) device is designed for high power density and advanced physics operating modes. Due to the short distance of the divertor from the X-point, the connection lengths are short and the scrape off layer thickness is small. A relatively high peak heat flux of 25 MW/m2 is expected on the divertor. The FIRE divertor engineering design is based on the design approaches developed for international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER). The geometry of the FIRE divertor consists of water cooled copper fingers and a tungsten brush armor as plasma facing material. The divertor assembly consists of modular units for remote handling. A 316 stainless steel back plate is used for support and manifolding. The backing plate is joined to the copper fingers by pins. The coolant channel diameter is 8 mm at a pitch of 14 mm. The total power flow to the outer divertor is 35 MW. Water at an inlet temperature of 30 °C, 1.5 MPa and a flow velocity of 10 m/s is used with two channels in series. A margin of ≉1.6 is obtained on the critical heat flux. A three dimensional thermal stress finite element (FE) analysis of this geometry was performed. Thermal hydraulic correlations derived for ITER were used to perform the thermal analysis. Design changes were implemented to reduce the stresses and temperatures to acceptable levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - THERMAL stresses
KW  - THERMOELASTICITY
KW  - FIRE
KW  - Power
KW  - Thermal
N1  - Accession Number: 17578906; Baxi, C.B. 1; Email Address: chandrakant.baxi@gat.com Reis, E.E. 1 Ulrickson, M.A. 2 Heizenroeder, P. 3 Driemeyer, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA  4: Boeing, St. Louis, MI, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p323; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: THERMAL stresses; Subject Term: THERMOELASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: FIRE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00197-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17578906&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nygren, R.E.
AU  - Youchison, D.L.
AU  - McDonald, J.M.
AU  - Lutz, T.J.
AU  - O'Dell, J.S.
AU  - Ezato, K.
AU  - Sato, K.
T1  - High heat flux tests of mockups with W rod armor
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 357
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Water-cooled 32×400 mm divertor target mockups with W-rod armor and dual cooling channels, tested in Sandia''s large electron beam facility (EB1200) and Particle Beam Engineering Facility (PBEF) at JAERI sustained heat loads of 22–25 MW/m2. After the EB1200 tests, we cut the 10 mm rod length to 5 mm on two mockups and tested the remachined mockups in PBEF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - COOLING
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - High heat flux
KW  - Mockups
KW  - Plasma facing components
KW  - W rod armor
N1  - Accession Number: 17578912; Nygren, R.E. 1; Email Address: renygre@scandia.gov Youchison, D.L. 1 McDonald, J.M. 1 Lutz, T.J. 1 O'Dell, J.S. 2 Ezato, K. 3 Sato, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.</fn>, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1129, USA  2: Plasma Processes, Inc., 4914 D Moores Mill Road, Huntsville, AL 35811, USA  3: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka-machi, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p353; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: High heat flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mockups; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma facing components; Author-Supplied Keyword: W rod armor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00211-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17578912&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ponce, D.
AU  - Callis, R.W.
AU  - Cary, W.P.
AU  - Ferron, J.R.
AU  - Green, M.
AU  - Grunloh, H.J.
AU  - Gorelov, Y.
AU  - Lohr, J.
AU  - Ellis, R.A.
T1  - Recent developments on the 110 GHz electron cyclotron installation on the DIII-D tokamak
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 524
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Significant improvements are being implemented to the capability of the 110 GHz electron cyclotron system on the DIII-D tokamak. Chief among these is the addition of the fifth and sixth 1 MW class gyrotrons, increasing the power available for auxiliary heating and current drive by nearly 60%. These tubes use artificially grown diamond r.f. output windows to obtain high power with long pulse capability. The beams from these tubes are nearly Gaussian, facilitating coupling to the waveguide. A new fully articulating dual launcher capable of high speed spatial scanning has been designed and tested. The launcher has two axis independent steering for each waveguide. The mirrors can be rotated at up to 100°/s. A new feedback system linking the DIII-D Plasma Control System (PCS) with the gyrotron beam voltage waveform generators permits real-time feedback control of some plasma properties such as electron temperature. The PCS can use a variety of plasma monitors to generate its control signal, including electron cyclotron emission and Mirnov probes. Electron cyclotron heating and electron cyclotron current drive were used during this year''s DIII-D experimental campaign to control electron temperature, density, and q profiles, induce an ELM-free H-mode, and suppress the m=2/n=1 neoclassical tearing mode. The new capabilities have expanded the role of EC systems in tokamak plasma control. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - GYROTRONS
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - Chemical vapor deposition
KW  - Electron cyclotron current drive
KW  - Electron cyclotron heating
N1  - Accession Number: 17578942; Ponce, D. 1; Email Address: ponce@fusion.gat.com Callis, R.W. 1 Cary, W.P. 1 Ferron, J.R. 1 Green, M. 1 Grunloh, H.J. 1 Gorelov, Y. 1 Lohr, J. 1 Ellis, R.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p521; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: GYROTRONS; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron cyclotron current drive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron cyclotron heating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00092-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17578942&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Humphreys, D.A.
AU  - Ferron, J.R.
AU  - Garofalo, A.M.
AU  - Hyatt, A.W.
AU  - Jernigan, T.C.
AU  - Johnson, R.D.
AU  - La Haye, R.J.
AU  - Leuer, J.A.
AU  - Okabayashi, M.
AU  - Penaflor, B.G.
AU  - Scoville, J.T.
AU  - Strait, E.J.
AU  - Walker, M.L.
AU  - Whyte, D.G.
T1  - Advanced tokamak operation using the DIII–D plasma control system
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 663
EP  - 667
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The principal focus of experimental operations in the DIII–D tokamak is the advanced tokamak (AT) [Proc. 18th Symp. on Fusion Technol., August, 1994, Karlsruhe, Germany, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1 (1995) 731] regime, which requires highly integrated and flexible plasma control to achieve. In a high performance AT, accurate regulation of the plasma boundary, internal profiles, pumping, fueling, and heating must be well coordinated with MHD control action to stabilize such instabilities as tearing modes and resistive wall modes. Sophisticated monitors of the operational regime must provide detection of off-normal conditions and trigger appropriate safety responses with acceptable levels of reliability. Many of these capabilities are presently implemented in the DIII–D plasma control system (PCS), and are now in frequent or routine operational use. The present work describes recent development, implementation, and operational experience with AT regime control elements for equilibrium control, MHD suppression, and off-normal event detection and response. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - KARLSRUHE (Germany)
KW  - GERMANY
KW  - MHD suppression
KW  - Plasma control system
KW  - Tokamak
N1  - Accession Number: 17578968; Humphreys, D.A. 1; Email Address: humphreys@fusion.gat.com Ferron, J.R. 1 Garofalo, A.M. 2 Hyatt, A.W. 1 Jernigan, T.C. 3 Johnson, R.D. 1 La Haye, R.J. 1 Leuer, J.A. 1 Okabayashi, M. 4 Penaflor, B.G. 1 Scoville, J.T. 1 Strait, E.J. 1 Walker, M.L. 1 Whyte, D.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Columbia University, New York, NY, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA  5: University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p663; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: KARLSRUHE (Germany); Subject Term: GERMANY; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD suppression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma control system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamak; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00322-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17578968&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matsukawa, Tatsuya
AU  - Neumeyer, Charles
AU  - Takaku, Taku
AU  - Tsuji-Iio, Shunji
AU  - Shimada, Ryuichi
T1  - Application of SiC-based power element to high current AC/DC converter system
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 1155
EP  - 1158
SN  - 09203796
AB  - It is proposed that SiC-based power-MOSFET is applied to the high current AC/DC converter system. The possibility of using SiC-based power-MOSFET depends on operational loss reduction and circuit configuration simplification of the high current AC/DC converter system. Concerning the operational loss reduction, the lower on-state resistance of SiC-based power-MOSFET can decrease the conduction loss of switching unit, and it means that the temperature rise of switching unit in operation period is lowered. Therefore, the auxiliary cooling equipment for AC/DC converter will be minimized. The higher operational temperature of SiC-based power-MOSFET will allow also the cooling capacity minimization. As many parallel connected power-MOSFET elements are required for high current operation, the parallel connected elements should be cooled down to liquid nitrogen temperature for on-state resistance reduction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CASCADE converters
KW  - ELECTRIC current converters
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - LIQUEFIED gases
KW  - AC/DC converter system
KW  - MOSFET
KW  - SiC
N1  - Accession Number: 17579051; Matsukawa, Tatsuya 1; Email Address: matukawa@cirse.nagoya-u.ac.jp Neumeyer, Charles 2 Takaku, Taku 3 Tsuji-Iio, Shunji 3 Shimada, Ryuichi 3; Affiliation:  1: Funded Research Department of Energy Systems (Chubu Electric Power Company), Center for Integrated Research in Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA  3: The Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p1155; Subject Term: CASCADE converters; Subject Term: ELECTRIC current converters; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: LIQUEFIED gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: AC/DC converter system; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOSFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00303-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17579051&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luxon, J.L.
AU  - Jackson, G.L.
AU  - Leuer, J.A.
AU  - Nagy, A.
AU  - Schaffer, M.J.
AU  - Scoville, J.T.
AU  - Strait, E.J.
T1  - New measurements of coil-related magnetic field errors on DIII–D
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 66-68
M3  - Article
SP  - 1177
EP  - 1181
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Non-axisymmetric (error) fields in tokamaks lead to a number of instabilities including so-called locked modes [J.T. Scoville, R.J. La Haye, Nucl. Fusion 43 (4) (2003) 250–257] and resistive wall modes (RWM) [A.M. Garofab, R.J. La Haye, J.T. Scoville, Nucl. Fusion 42 (11) (2002) 1335–1339] and subsequent loss of confinement. They can also cause errors in magnetic measurements made by point probes near the plasma edge, error in measurements made by magnetic field sensitive diagnostics, and they violate the assumption of axisymmetry in the analysis of data. Most notably, the sources of these error fields include shifts and tilts in the coil positions from ideal, coil leads, and nearby ferromagnetic materials excited by the coils. New measurements have been made of the n=1 coil-related field errors in the DIII–D plasma chamber. These measurements indicate that the errors due to the plasma shaping coil system are smaller than previously reported and no additional sources of anomalous fields were identified. Thus they fail to support the suggestion of an additional significant error field suggested by locked mode and RWM experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC generators -- Field coils
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - Coil system
KW  - Error fields
KW  - Locked modes (LM)
KW  - Resistive wall modes (RWM)
KW  - Tokamak
N1  - Accession Number: 17579057; Luxon, J.L. 1; Email Address: luxon@fusion.gat.com Jackson, G.L. 1 Leuer, J.A. 1 Nagy, A. 2 Schaffer, M.J. 1 Scoville, J.T. 1 Strait, E.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 66-68, p1177; Subject Term: ELECTRIC generators -- Field coils; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coil system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Error fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Locked modes (LM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistive wall modes (RWM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00316-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17579057&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Garth R.
AU  - Bassoni, Daniel L.
AU  - Gill, Geoffrey P.
AU  - Fontana, Joseph R.
AU  - Wheeler, Nicholas C.
AU  - Megraw, Robert A.
AU  - Davis, Mark F.
AU  - Sewell, Mitchell M.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Neale, David B.
T1  - Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Wood Property Traits in Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) III. QTL Verification and Candidate Gene Mapping.
JO  - Genetics
JF  - Genetics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 164
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1537
EP  - 1546
SN  - 00166731
AB  - Discusses a long-term series of experiments to map Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) influencing wood properties traits in loblolly pine.  Identification and subsequent verification of QTL in multiple genetic backgrounds, environments, and growing seasons; Importance of verification of QTL; Biological basis for observed marker-trait associations; Precise estimates of the magnitude of QTL effects; Temporal stability of QTL.
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - PLANT gene mapping
KW  - PLANT genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 11051418; Brown, Garth R. 1 Bassoni, Daniel L. 2 Gill, Geoffrey P. 1 Fontana, Joseph R. 2 Wheeler, Nicholas C. 3 Megraw, Robert A. 3 Davis, Mark F. 4 Sewell, Mitchell M. 2 Tuskan, Gerald A. 1 Neale, David B. 1,2; Email Address: dneale@dendrome.ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of California, Davis  2: Institute of Forest Genetics, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Davis, California  3: Weyerhaeuser Company, Weyerhaeuser Technical Center, Tacoma, Washington  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 164 Issue 4, p1537; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: PLANT gene mapping; Subject Term: PLANT genetics; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Brooks, Scott C.
AU  - Roh, Yul
AU  - Jardine, Philip M.
T1  - Geochemical reactions and dynamics during titration of a contaminated groundwater with high uranium, aluminum, and calcium
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 67
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2749
SN  - 00167037
AB  - This study investigated possible geochemical reactions during titration of a contaminated groundwater with a low pH but high concentrations of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and trace contaminant metals/radionuclides such as uranium, technetium, nickel, and cobalt. Both Na-carbonate and hydroxide were used as titrants, and a geochemical equilibrium reaction path model was employed to predict aqueous species and mineral precipitation during titration. Although the model appeared to be adequate to describe the concentration profiles of some metal cations, solution pH, and mineral precipitates, it failed to describe the concentrations of U during titration and its precipitation. Most U (as uranyl, UO22+) as well as Tc (as pertechnetate, TcO4−) were found to be sorbed and coprecipitated with amorphous Al and Fe oxyhydroxides at pH below ∼5.5, but slow desorption or dissolution of U and Tc occurred at higher pH values when Na2CO3 was used as the titrant. In general, the precipitation of major cationic species followed the order of Fe(OH)3 and/or FeCo0.1(OH)3.2, Al4(OH)10SO4, MnCO3, CaCO3, conversion of Al4(OH)10SO4 to Al(OH)3,am, Mn(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, MgCO3, and Ca(OH)2. The formation of mixed or double hydroxide phases of Ni and Co with Al and Fe oxyhydroxides was thought to be responsible for the removal of Ni and Co in solution. Results of this study indicate that, although the hydrolysis and precipitation of a single cation are known, complex reactions such as sorption/desorption, coprecipitation of mixed mineral phases, and their dissolution could occur simultaneously. These processes as well as the kinetic constraints must be considered in the design of the remediation strategies and modeling to better predict the activities of various metal species and solid precipitates during pre- and post-groundwater treatment practices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - VOLUMETRIC analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10354594; Gu, Baohua 1; Email Address: gub1@ornl.gov Brooks, Scott C. 1 Roh, Yul 1 Jardine, Philip M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 67 Issue 15, p2749; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: VOLUMETRIC analysis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00097-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tenma, Norio
AU  - Yasukawa, Kasumi
AU  - Zyvoloski, George
T1  - Model study of the thermal storage system by FEHM code
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 32
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 603
SN  - 03756505
AB  - The use of low-temperature geothermal resources is important from the viewpoint of global warming. In order to evaluate various underground projects that use low-temperature geothermal resources, we have estimated the parameters of a typical underground system using the two-well model. By changing the parameters of the system, six different heat extraction scenarios have been studied. One of these six scenarios is recommended because of its small energy loss. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - HEAT storage
KW  - FEHM
KW  - Model study
KW  - Open system
KW  - Thermal storage system
N1  - Accession Number: 11116179; Tenma, Norio 1; Email Address: tenma-n@aist.go.jp Yasukawa, Kasumi 1 Zyvoloski, George 2; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Science Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 32 Issue 4-6, p603; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: HEAT storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEHM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Open system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal storage system; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-6505(03)00073-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kosteski, T.
AU  - Kherani, N.P.
AU  - Stradins, P.
AU  - Gaspari, F.
AU  - Shmayda, W.T.
AU  - Sidhu, L.S.
AU  - Zukotynski, S.
T1  - Tritiated amorphous silicon betavoltaic devices.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Circuits, Devices & Systems
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Circuits, Devices & Systems
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 150
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 13502409
AB  - Focuses on tritiated amorphous silicon betavoltaic devices.  Deposition of tritiated amorphous silicon; Effusion of tritium; Measurement of photoluminescence.
KW  - AMORPHOUS semiconductors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - TRITIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10992872; Kosteski, T. 1 Kherani, N.P. 1 Stradins, P. 2 Gaspari, F. 1 Shmayda, W.T. 3 Sidhu, L.S. 4 Zukotynski, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G4.  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA.  3: Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA.  4: Altera Corporation, 101 Innovation Drive, San Jose, CA 95134, USA.; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 150 Issue 4, p274; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS semiconductors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: TRITIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-cds:20030628
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Magri, R.
AU  - Zunger, A.
T1  - Theory of optical properties of segregated InAs/GaSb superlattices.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 150
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
EP  - 414
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 13502433
AB  - Examines the effects of interfacial atomic segregration on the electronic and optical properties of InAs/GaSb superlattices.  Introduction of atomistic empirical pseudo-potential method; Ability of the method to predict band structure dependence on the detailed atomic configuration.
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11293362; Magri, R. 1 Zunger, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica dell Materia, S³, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit&aacue; di Moena e Reggio Emilia, Italy  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 150 Issue 4, p409; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerbyson, D.J.
AU  - Hoisie, A.
AU  - Wasserman, H.J.
T1  - Modelling the performance of large-scale systems.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Software
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Software
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 150
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 14625970
AB  - Focuses on the importance of performance modeling throughout the development, deployment and maintenance of system hardware and application software.  Details of the verification of performance during system installation; Way in which a performance model gave an expectation of the performance of ASCII IQ, a 1st system recently installed at Los Alamos, New Mexico; Comparison between ASCII IQ and the Earth Simulator
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - APPLICATION software
KW  - HARDWARE
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11090810; Kerbyson, D.J. 1 Hoisie, A. 1 Wasserman, H.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Performance and Architectures Laboratory (PAL),  CCS-3, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM  87545, USA.; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 150 Issue 4, p214; Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: APPLICATION software; Subject Term: HARDWARE; Subject Term: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 452991 Home and auto supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416330 Hardware merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238390 Other Building Finishing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332510 Hardware Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-sen:20030808
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham, Richard L.
AU  - Choi, Sung-Eun
AU  - Daniel, David J.
AU  - Desai, Nehal N.
AU  - Minnich, Ronald G.
AU  - Rasmussen, Craig E.
AU  - Risinger, L. Dean
AU  - Sukalski, Mitchel W.
T1  - A Network-Failure-Tolerant Message-Passing System for Terascale Clusters.
JO  - International Journal of Parallel Programming
JF  - International Journal of Parallel Programming
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 303
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 08857458
AB  - The Los Alamos Message Passing Interface (LA-MPI) is an end-to-end network-failure-tolerant message-passing system designed for terascale clusters. LA-MPI is a standard-compliant implementation of MPI designed to tolerate network-related failures including I/O bus errors, network card errors, and wire-transmission errors. This paper details the distinguishing features of LA-MPI, including support for concurrent use of multiple types of network interface, and reliable message transmission utilizing multiple network paths and routes between a given source and destination. In addition, performance measurements on production-grade platforms are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Parallel Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - COMPUTER interfaces
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - BUSES (Computers)
KW  - CRITICAL path analysis
KW  - PERFORMANCE standards
N1  - Accession Number: 17039606; Graham, Richard L. 1; Email Address: rlgraham@lanl.gov Choi, Sung-Eun 1; Email Address: sungeun@lanl.gov Daniel, David J. 1; Email Address: ddd@lanl.gov Desai, Nehal N. 1; Email Address: nehal@lanl.gov Minnich, Ronald G. 1; Email Address: rminnich@lanl.gov Rasmussen, Craig E. 1; Email Address: rasmussn@lanl.gov Risinger, L. Dean 1; Email Address: deanr@lanl.gov Sukalski, Mitchel W. 1; Email Address: mitch@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Advanced Computing Laboratory, MS-B287 Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p285; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: COMPUTER interfaces; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: BUSES (Computers); Subject Term: CRITICAL path analysis; Subject Term: PERFORMANCE standards; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosén, Johanna
AU  - Anders, André
AU  - Hultman, Lars
AU  - Schneider, Jochen M.
T1  - Temporal development of the composition of Zr and Cr cathodic arc plasma streams in a N[sub 2] environment.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1414
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We describe the temporal development of the plasma composition in a pulsed plasma stream generated by cathodic arc. Cathodes of Zr and Cr were operated at various nitrogen pressures. The time-resolved plasma composition for the cathode materials was analyzed with time-of-flight charge-to-mass spectrometry, and was found to be a strong function of the nitrogen pressure. Large plasma composition gradients were detected within the first 60 µs of the pulse, the nitrogen ion concentration increasing with increasing pressure. The results are explained by the formation and erosion of a compound layer formed at the cathode surface in the presence of a reactive gas. The average charge state was also found to be affected by the reactive gas pressure as well as by the time after ignition. The charge states were highest in the beginning of the pulse at low nitrogen pressure, decreasing to a steady-state value at higher pressure. These results are of importance for reactive plasma processing and for controlling the evolution of thin film composition and microstructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - CATHODES
N1  - Accession Number: 10301892; Rosén, Johanna 1 Anders, André 2 Hultman, Lars 1 Schneider, Jochen M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Materials Chemistry, RWTH-Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 3, p1414; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: CATHODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vandersall, Kevin S.
AU  - Thadhani, Naresh N.
T1  - Time-resolved measurements of the shock-compression response of Mo+2Si elemental powder mixtures.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1575
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The shock-compression response of Mo+ 2Si elemental powder mixtures was investigated using instrumented experiments in the velocity range of 500 m/s to 1 km/s. The experiments employed polyvinyl difluoride stress gauges placed at the front and rear surfaces of the powder mixtures to determine the crush strength, densification history, and shock-induced reaction initiation characteristics. Experiments performed on ∼58% dense Mo+ 2 Si powder mixtures at input stresses less than 4 GPa showed characteristics of powder densification and dispersed propagated wave stress profiles with rise time >∼40 ns. At input stress between 4 and 6 GPa, the powder mixtures showed a shock-compression response following the Hugoniot of the solid-density mixture. In the stress regime of 6-7 GPa, shock-induced melting of silicon was observed, which appears to inhibit a shock-induced chemical reaction on the time scale of the time-resolved measurements. The results of the present work on Mo-Si, taken in conjunction with prior work on the Nb-Si and Ti-Si systems, illustrate that premature melting of silicon and its capillary flow can limit the deformation and mixing between reactants, thereby inhibiting the initiation of "shock-induced" chemical reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10301867; Vandersall, Kevin S. 1 Thadhani, Naresh N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550  2: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 3, p1575; Subject Term: TIME; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gfroerer, T. H.
AU  - Priestley, L. P.
AU  - Fairley, M. F.
AU  - Wanlass, M. W.
T1  - Temperature dependence of nonradiative recombination in low-band gap InxGa1-xAs/InAsyP1-y double heterostructures grown on InP substrates.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1738
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have used photoexcitation-dependent radiative efficiency measurements to investigate the rates of defect-related, radiative, and Auger recombination in lattice-matched In[sub x]Ga[sub 1-x]As/InAs[sub y]P[sub 1-y] double heterostructures on InP substrates. Temperature dependence is used to discern the underlying mechanisms responsible for the nonradiative recombination processes. We find that defect-related recombination decreases with an increase in the temperature when the epistructure is lattice matched to the substrate (x = 0.53). In contrast, when the epistructure is lattice mismatched to the substrate, defect-related recombination increases slowly with the temperature. The difference between the lattice-matched and mismatched cases is related to fundamental changes in the defect-related density of states function. The temperature dependence in the lattice-mismatched structures is attributed to two competing effects: wider carrier diffusion, which augments the capture rate, and thermally activated escape, which reduces the occupation of shallow traps. The band gap and temperature dependence of the Auger rate demonstrate that the conduction to heavy hole band/ splitoff to heavy hole band mechanism generally dominates Auger recombination in undoped low-band gap In[sub x]Ga[sub 1-x]As. With this interpretation, our results give a spin-orbit valence split-off band effective mass of m[sub so] = (0.12 ± 0.02)m[sub 0]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - INDIUM phosphide
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 10301847; Gfroerer, T. H. 1 Priestley, L. P. 1 Fairley, M. F. 2 Wanlass, M. W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035  2: Spelman College, Atlanta, GA 30314.  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 3, p1738; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: INDIUM phosphide; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steele, W.V.
AU  - Chirico, R.D.
AU  - Cowell, A.B.
AU  - Nguyen, A.
AU  - Knipmeyer, S.E.
T1  - Possible precursors and products of deep hydrodesulfurization of gasoline and distillate fuels. Part 2. The thermodynamic properties of 2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 35
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1253
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Measurements leading to the calculation of the standard thermodynamic properties for gaseous 2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene (Chemical Abstracts registry number [4565-32-6]) are reported. Experimental methods include combustion calorimetry, adiabatic heat-capacity calorimetry, vibrating-tube densitometry, comparative ebulliometry, inclined-piston gauge manometry, and differential-scanning calorimetry (d.s.c.). Critical properties are estimated for 2,3-dihydobenzo[b]thiophene. Standard molar entropies, standard molar enthalpies, and standard molar Gibbs free energies of formation are derived at selected temperatures between <f>T=298.15</f> K and <f>T=680</f> K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIOPHENES
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - Density
KW  - Enthalpy of combustion
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Thermodynamic functions
KW  - Vapor pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 10424799; Steele, W.V. 1; Email Address: steelewv@ornl.gov Chirico, R.D. 2; Email Address: chirico@boulder.nist.gov Cowell, A.B. 3 Nguyen, A. 3 Knipmeyer, S.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physical Properties Research Facility, Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, Mail stop 6273, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6273, USA  2: Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC), Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA  3: Bartlesville Thermodynamics Group, BDM Petroleum Technologies, Bartlesville, OK 74005-2543, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 35 Issue 8, p1253; Subject Term: THIOPHENES; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy of combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamic functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor pressure; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9614(03)00063-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - New thermodynamically consistent competitive adsorption isotherm in RPLC
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 264
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 00219797
AB  - A new equation of competitive isotherms was derived in the framework of the ideal adsorbed solution (IAS) that predicts multisolute adsorption isotherms from single-solute isotherms. The IAS theory makes this new isotherm thermodynamically consistent, whatever the saturation capacities of these single-component isotherms. On a Kromasil-C18 column, with methanol–water (80/20 v/v) as the mobile phase, the best single-solute adsorption isotherm of both toluene and ethylbenzene is the liquid–solid extended multilayer BET isotherm. Despite a significant difference between the monolayer capacities of toluene (370 g<f>/</f>l) and ethylbenzene (170 g<f>/</f>l), the experimental adsorption data fit very well to single-component isotherms exhibiting the same capacities (200 g<f>/</f>l). The new competitive model was used for the modeling of the elution band profiles of mixtures of the two compounds. Excellent agreement between experimental and calculated profiles was observed, suggesting that the behavior of the toluene–ethylbenzene adsorbed phase on the stationary phase is close to ideal. For example, the concentrations measured for the intermediate plateau obtained in frontal analysis differ by less than 2% from those predicted by the IAS model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ETHYLBENZENE
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - Adsorption energy distribution
KW  - Adsorption equilibrium
KW  - Competitive isotherm
KW  - Ethylbenzene
KW  - Extended BET isotherm
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - IAS theory
KW  - Isotherm modeling
KW  - RP-HPLC
KW  - Toluene
N1  - Accession Number: 10318577; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2 Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Division of Chemical and Analytical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 264 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: ETHYLBENZENE; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption energy distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Competitive isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylbenzene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extended BET isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: IAS theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotherm modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: RP-HPLC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toluene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00332-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bertram, Richard
AU  - Asbury, Tom
AU  - Fabiola, Felcy
AU  - Quine, J.R.
AU  - Cross, Timothy A.
AU  - Chapman, Michael S.
T1  - Atomic refinement with correlated solid-state NMR restraints
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 163
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
SN  - 10907807
AB  - The orientation data provided by solid-state NMR can provide a great deal of structural information about membrane proteins. The quality of the information provided is, however, somewhat degraded by sign degeneracies in measurements of the dipolar coupling tensor. This is reflected in the dipolar coupling penalty function used in atomic refinement, which is less capable of properly restraining atoms when dipolar sign degeneracies are present. In this report we generate simulated solid-state NMR data using a variety of procedures, including back-calculation from crystal structures of α-helical and β-sheet membrane proteins. We demonstrate that a large fraction of the dipolar sign degeneracies are resolved if anisotropic dipolar coupling measurements are correlated with anisotropic chemical shift measurements, and that all sign degeneracies can be resolved if three data types are correlated. The advantages of correlating data are demonstrated with atomic refinement of two test membrane proteins. When refinement is performed using correlated dipolar couplings and chemical shifts, perturbed structures converge to conformations with a larger fraction of correct dipolar signs than when data are uncorrelated. In addition, the final structures are closer to the original unperturbed structures when correlated data are used in the refinement. Thus, refinement with correlated data leads to improved atomic structures. The software used to correlate dipolar coupling and chemical shift data and to set up energy functions and their derivatives for refinement, CNS-SS02, is available at our web site. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state chemistry
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - Chemical shift
KW  - Dipolar coupling
KW  - Refinement
KW  - Solid-state NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 10502774; Bertram, Richard 1,2; Email Address: bertram@sb.fsu.edu Asbury, Tom 2 Fabiola, Felcy 2 Quine, J.R. 1,2,3 Cross, Timothy A. 2,3,4 Chapman, Michael S. 2,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4510, USA  2: Kasha Institute of Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 163 Issue 2, p300; Subject Term: SOLID state chemistry; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipolar coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state NMR; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00147-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10502774&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gardino, Alexandra K.
AU  - Volkman, Brian F.
AU  - Cho, Ho S.
AU  - Lee, Seok-Yong
AU  - Wemmer, David E.
AU  - Kern, Dorothee
T1  - The NMR Solution Structure of BeF3−-Activated Spo0F Reveals the Conformational Switch in a Phosphorelay System
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 331
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Two-component systems, which are comprised of a single histidine-aspartate phosphotransfer module, are the dominant signaling pathways in bacteria and have recently been identified in several eukaryotic organisms as well. A tandem connection of two or more histidine-aspartate motifs forms complex phosphorelays. While response regulators from simple two-component systems have been characterized structurally in their inactive and active forms, we address here the question of whether a response regulator from a phosphorelay has a distinct structural basis of activation. We report the NMR solution structure of BeF3−-activated Spo0F, the first structure of a response regulator from a phosphorelay in its activated state. Conformational changes were found in regions previously identified to change in simple two-component systems. In addition, a downward shift by half a helical turn in helix 1, located on the opposite side of the common activation surface, was observed as a consequence of BeF3− activation. Conformational changes in helix 1 can be rationalized by the distinct function of phosphoryl transfer to the second histidine kinase, Spo0B, because helix 1 is known to interact directly with Spo0B and the phosphatase RapB. The identification of structural rearrangements in Spo0F supports the hypothesis of a pre-existing equilibrium between the inactive and active state prior to phosphorylation that was suggested on the basis of previous NMR dynamics studies on Spo0F. A shift of a pre-existing equilibrium is likely a general feature of response regulators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - HSQC, heteronuclear single quantum coherence
KW  - NMR spectroscopy
KW  - NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect
KW  - NOESY, NOE spectroscopy
KW  - phosphorelay
KW  - response regulator
KW  - Spo0F
KW  - TOCSY, total correlation spectroscopy
KW  - two-component systems
N1  - Accession Number: 10318705; Gardino, Alexandra K. 1 Volkman, Brian F. 2 Cho, Ho S. 3 Lee, Seok-Yong 3 Wemmer, David E. 3 Kern, Dorothee 1; Email Address: dkern@brandeis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA  2: Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA  3: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 331 Issue 1, p245; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Author-Supplied Keyword: HSQC, heteronuclear single quantum coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOESY, NOE spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphorelay; Author-Supplied Keyword: response regulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spo0F; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOCSY, total correlation spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-component systems; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00733-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10318705&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stanger, Keith J.
AU  - Tang, Yali
AU  - Anderegg, James
AU  - Angelici, Robert J.
T1  - Arene hydrogenation using supported rhodium metal catalysts prepared from [Rh(COD)H]4, [Rh(COD)2]+BF4−, and [Rh(COD)Cl]2 adsorbed on SiO2 and Pd-SiO2
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 202
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
SN  - 13811169
KW  - Arene hydrogenation
KW  - Immobilized metal catalysts
KW  - Mercury poisoning
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Rhodium
KW  - Silica
KW  - TCSM
KW  - TEM
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 10118849; Stanger, Keith J. 1 Tang, Yali 1 Anderegg, James 1 Angelici, Robert J.; Email Address: angelici@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Gilman Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 202 Issue 1/2, p147; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arene hydrogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immobilized metal catalysts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury poisoning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: TCSM; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1381-1169(03)00198-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10118849&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Gang
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
AU  - Hrbek, Jan
AU  - Long, Brian T.
AU  - Chen, Donna A.
T1  - Interaction of thiophene with stoichiometric and reduced rutile TiO2(1 1 0) surfaces: role of Ti3+ sites in desulfurization activity
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 202
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
SN  - 13811169
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Density-functional theory
KW  - Desulfurization
KW  - TDS
KW  - Thiophene
KW  - TiO2(1 1 0)
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 10118855; Liu, Gang 1 Rodriguez, José A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Hrbek, Jan 1 Long, Brian T. 2 Chen, Donna A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 202 Issue 1/2, p215; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density-functional theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desulfurization; Author-Supplied Keyword: TDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thiophene; Author-Supplied Keyword: TiO2(1 1 0); Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1381-1169(03)00206-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10118855&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Russell, K.F.
AU  - Sokolov, M.A.
AU  - Nanstad, R.K.
T1  - Atom probe tomography characterization of radiation-sensitive KS-01 weld
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 320
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The microstructure of a radiation-sensitive KS-01 test weld has been characterized by atom probe tomography. The levels of copper, manganese, nickel and chromium in this weld were amongst the highest of all the steels used in Western reactor pressure vessels. After neutron irradiation to a fluence of 0.8 × 10<f>23</f> n m−2 (<f>E>1</f> MeV) at a temperature of 288 °C, this weld exhibited a large Charpy <f>T41J</f> shift of 169 K, a large shift of the fracture toughness transition temperature of 160 K, a decrease in upper shelf energy from 118 to ∼78 J, and an increase in the yield strength from 600 to 826 MPa. However, the mechanical properties data conformed to the master curve. Atom probe tomography revealed a high number density (∼3 × 1024 m−3) of Cu-, Mn-, Ni-, Si- and P-enriched precipitates and a lower number density (∼1  × 1023 m−3) of P clusters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - COPPER
KW  - 62.20.Mk
N1  - Accession Number: 10233016; Miller, M.K. 1; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov Russell, K.F. 1 Sokolov, M.A. 2 Nanstad, R.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy, Microanalysis, Microstructures Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 Building 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  2: Radiation Materials Science and Technology Group, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 Building 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6151, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 320 Issue 3, p177; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: COPPER; Author-Supplied Keyword: 62.20.Mk; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00108-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helean, K.B.
AU  - Navrotsky, A.
AU  - Lumpkin, G.R.
AU  - Colella, M.
AU  - Lian, J.
AU  - Ewing, R.C.
AU  - Ebbinghaus, B.
AU  - Catalano, J.G.
T1  - Enthalpies of formation of U-, Th-, Ce-brannerite: implications for plutonium immobilization
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 320
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Brannerite, ideally MTi2O6, (M=actinides, lanthanides and Ca) occurs in titanate-based ceramics proposed for the immobilization of plutonium. Standard enthalpies of formation, <f>ΔH0f</f> at 298 K, for three brannerite compositions (kJ/mol): CeTi2O6 (−2948.8 ± 4.3), U0.97Ti2.03O6 (−2977.9 ± 3.5) and ThTi2O6 (−3096.5 ± 4.3) were determined by high temperature oxide melt drop solution calorimetry at 975 K using 3Na2O <f>·</f> 4MoO3 solvent. The enthalpies of formation were also calculated from an oxide phase assemblage (<f>ΔH0f-ox</f> at 298 K): MO2 + 2TiO2=MTi2O6. Only UTi2O6 is energetically stable with respect to an oxide assemblage: U0.97Ti2.03O6 (<f>ΔH0f-ox=−7.7±2.8</f> kJ/mol). Both CeTi2O6 and ThTi2O6 are higher in enthalpy with respect to their oxide assemblages with (<f>ΔH0f-ox=+29.4±3.6</f> kJ/mol) and (<f>ΔH0f-ox=+19.4±1.6</f> kJ/mol) respectively. Thus, Ce- and Th-brannerite are entropy stabilized and are thermodynamically stable only at high temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRANNERITE
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - PLUTONIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10233022; Helean, K.B. 1; Email Address: kbhelean@ucdavis.edu Navrotsky, A. 1 Lumpkin, G.R. 2 Colella, M. 2 Lian, J. 3 Ewing, R.C. 3 Ebbinghaus, B. 4 Catalano, J.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Thermochemistry Facility, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, The University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Australian Nuclear Science Technology Organization, Private Mailbag 1, Menai (Sydney), NSW 2234, Australia  3: Department of Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sciences and Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  5: Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 320 Issue 3, p231; Subject Term: BRANNERITE; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00186-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, Andy
AU  - Renné, David
AU  - Bilo, Susan
AU  - Kutscher, Chuck
AU  - Burch, Jay
AU  - Balcomb, Doug
AU  - Judkoff, Ron
AU  - Warner, Cecile
AU  - King, Richard J.
AU  - Eiffert, Patrina
T1  - Advances in Solar Buildings.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 125
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
EP  - 244
SN  - 01996231
AB  - In the autumn of 2002, 14 universities built solar houses on the National Mall in Washington, DC, in a student competition—the Solar Decathlon—demonstrating that homes can derive all the energy they need from the sun and celebrating advances in solar buildings. This paper describes recent progress in solar building technology that expands the designer's palette and holds the potential to radically improve building energy performance. The discussion includes market conditions and solar resource data; design integration and modeling; window technology, daylighting, passive solar heating; solar water heating; solar ventilation air preheating; building-integrated photovoltaics; and solar cooling. The Solar Decathlon competition highlighted ways in which these strategies are integrated in successful solar buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR houses
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - UNIVERSITIES & colleges
KW  - WASHINGTON (D.C.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 10819703; Walker, Andy; Email Address: Andy_Walker@nrel.gov Renné, David; Email Address: David_Renne@nrel.gov Bilo, Susan; Email Address: Susan_Bilo@nrel.gov Kutscher, Chuck; Email Address: Jay_Balcomb@nrel.gov Burch, Jay; Email Address: Doug_Balcomb@nrel.gov Balcomb, Doug; Email Address: Ron_Judkoff@nrel.gov Judkoff, Ron; Email Address: Cecile_Warner@nrel.gov Warner, Cecile 1 King, Richard J. 2 Eiffert, Patrina; Email Address: patrina@imaginittech.com; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory  2: Solar Energy Technology Program, U.S. Department of Energy; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 125 Issue 3, p236; Subject Term: SOLAR houses; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: UNIVERSITIES & colleges; Subject Term: WASHINGTON (D.C.); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katipamula, Srinivas
AU  - Brambley, Michael R.
AU  - Luskay, Larry
T1  - Automated Proactive Techniques for Commissioning Air-Handling Units.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 125
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
EP  - 291
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Lack of or improper commissioning, the inability of the building operators to grasp the complexity controls, and lack of proper maintenance lead to inefficient operations and reduced lifetimes of equipment. If regularly scheduled manual maintenance or recommissioning practices are adopted, they can be expensive and time consuming. Automated proactive commissioning and diagnostic technologies applied to parts of the commissioning process address two of the main barriers to commissioning: cost and schedules. Automated proactive commissioning and diagnostic tools can reduce both the cost and time associated with commissioning, as well as enhance the persistence of commissioning fixes. In the long run, automation even offers the potential for automatically correcting problems by reconfiguring controls or changing control algorithms dynamically. This paper discusses procedures and processes that can be used to automate and continuously commission the economizer operation and outdoor-air ventilation systems of an air-handling unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DWELLINGS -- Heating & ventilation -- Control
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 10819709; Katipamula, Srinivas; Email Address: srinivas.katipamula@pnl.gov Brambley, Michael R. 1; Email Address: michael.brambley@pnl.gov Luskay, Larry 2; Email Address: lluska@peci.org; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory  2: Portland Energy Conservation Inc.; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 125 Issue 3, p282; Subject Term: DWELLINGS -- Heating & ventilation -- Control; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 11 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heyliger, Paul
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Sudook Kim
T1  - Elastic constants of natural quartz.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 114
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 644
EP  - 650
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The elastic constants of a natural-quartz sphere using resonance-ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) are measured. The measurements of the near-traction-free vibrational frequencies of the sphere are matched with the predicted frequencies from the dynamic theory of elasticity, with optimized estimates for the elastic constants driving the differences between these sets of frequencies to a minimal value. The present computational model, although based on earlier approaches, is the first application of RUS to trigonal-symmetry spheres. Quartz shows six independent elastic constants, and our estimates of these constants are close to those computed by other means. Except for C14 , after a 1% mass-density correction, natural quartz and cultured quartz show the same elastic constants. Natural quartz shows higher internal frictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARTZ
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - SOUND
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 20649060; Heyliger, Paul 1; Email Address: prh@engr.colostate.edu Ledbetter, Hassel 2 Sudook Kim 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory (E536), Los Alamos, New Mexico  3: Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 114 Issue 2, p644; Subject Term: QUARTZ; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1593063
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ott, Wayne R.
AU  - Klepeis, Neil E.
AU  - Switzer, Paul
T1  - Analytical Solutions to Compartmental Indoor Air Quality Models with Application to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Concentrations Measured in a House.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 53
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Presents analytical solutions to compartmental indoor air quality models with application to environmental tobacco smoke concentrations measured in a house. Amount of pollutants emitted by environmental tobacco smoke sources such as cigarettes; Methods used to solve the mass balance equations for two interconnected compartments in the house; Utility of two-compartment models being presented in this article.
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Tobacco smoke pollution
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Air pollution standards
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Cigarette smoke
N1  - Accession Number: 12493753; Ott, Wayne R. 1; Klepeis, Neil E. 2,3; Switzer, Paul 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Statistics and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.; 2: Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California.; 3: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.; 4: Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California.; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 53 Issue 8, p1; Thesaurus Term: Indoor air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Tobacco smoke pollution; Thesaurus Term: Smoke; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution standards; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Cigarette smoke; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tortorelli, Peter F.
AU  - More, Karen L.
T1  - Effects of High Water-Vapor Pressure on Oxidation of Silicon Carbide at 1200°C.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 86
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1249
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Discusses the effects of high-water vapor pressure on oxidation of silicon carbide at high temperatures in a slowly flowing gas mixture.  Presence of distinct silica scale structures on the silicon carbide; Tendency of the pore morphology of the cristobalite layer to differ depending on the type of silicon carbide on which it was grown.
KW  - HIGH pressure (Technology)
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10543885; Tortorelli, Peter F. 1 More, Karen L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee and American Ceramic Society; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 86 Issue 8, p1249; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Technology); Subject Term: VAPORS; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: OXIDATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Opila, Elizabeth J.
AU  - Robinson, R. Craig
AU  - Fox, Dennis S.
AU  - Wenglarz, Richard A.
AU  - Ferber, Mattison K.
T1  - Additive Effects on Si3N4 Oxidation/Volatilization in Water Vapor.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 86
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1262
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Examines the surface oxide morphology resulting from the exposure of two commercially available additive-containing silicon nitride materials exposed in four environments which ranged in severity.  Tendency for the material surface to be enriched in rare-earth silicate phases in combustion environments; Evidence showing that the formation of rare-earth disilicate phases offered little additional protection from the volatilization of silica observed in combustion environments.
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - EVAPORATION (Chemistry)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 10543952; Opila, Elizabeth J. 1,2,3 Robinson, R. Craig 1,2,4 Fox, Dennis S. 1,2 Wenglarz, Richard A. 5 Ferber, Mattison K. 1,6; Affiliation:  1: American Ceramic Society  2: NASA Glenn Research Center, Ohio  3: Cleveland State University, Ohio  4: QSS Group, Inc., Ohio  5: South Carolina Institute for Energy Studies, South Carolina  6: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 86 Issue 8, p1262; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - More, Karren L.
AU  - Tortorelli, Peter F.
AU  - Walker, Larry R.
AU  - Miriyala, Naren
AU  - Price, Jeffrey R.
AU  - van Roode, Mark
T1  - High-Temperature Stability of SiC-Based Composites in High-Water-Vapor-Pressure Environments.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 86
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1272
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Describes experiments conducted on the characterization of several commercially available silicon carbide (SiC)-based composites exposed to high water-vapor pressures.  Evidence showing that composite degradation was controlled by a series of reactions involving the formation of silica, boria, borosilicate glass and gaseous products; Tendency for gas velocity to have little effect on the degradation rates of boron-containing SiC/SiC composite materials.
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - HIGH temperature chemistry
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 10543959; More, Karren L. 1,2 Tortorelli, Peter F. 1,2 Walker, Larry R. 1 Miriyala, Naren 3 Price, Jeffrey R. 2,3 van Roode, Mark 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee  2: American Ceramic Society  3: Solar Turbines, Inc., California; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 86 Issue 8, p1272; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: HIGH temperature chemistry; Subject Term: PRESSURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shepard, Chester L.
AU  - Cannon, Bret D.
AU  - Khaleel, Mohammad A.
T1  - Measurement of Internal Stress in Glass Articles.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 86
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1353
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Discusses the development of a method for the measurement of internal stress in glass articles.  Use of Rayleigh-scattered light from a property polarized laser beam propagating through glass at an oblique angle; Suitability of the method for use on flat or curved glass.
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
N1  - Accession Number: 10544029; Shepard, Chester L. 1 Cannon, Bret D. 1 Khaleel, Mohammad A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington  2: American Ceramic Society; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 86 Issue 8, p1353; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiao Feng Zhang
AU  - Lee, Gun Y.
AU  - Da Chen
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
AU  - De Jonghe, Lutgard C.
T1  - Abrasive Wear Behavior of Heat-Treated ABC-Silicon Carbide.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 86
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1370
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Studies the effect of post-hot-pressing heat treatments on the abrasive wear behavior of hot-pressed monolithic aluminum, boron and carbon additives-silicon carbide.  Mechanical properties; Wear resistance; Characterization of wear surfaces.
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 10544064; Xiao Feng Zhang 1,2 Lee, Gun Y. 3 Da Chen 4 Ritchie, R.O. 2,5 De Jonghe, Lutgard C. 1,2,5; Affiliation:  1: American Ceramic Society  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China  5: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 86 Issue 8, p1370; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kruzic, Jamie J.
AU  - Ritchie, Robert O.
T1  - Determining the Toughness of Ceramics from Vickers Identations Using the Crack-Opening Displacements: An Experimental Study.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 86
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1433
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Determines the toughness of a commercial silicon carbide ceramic from Vickers indentations using the crack-opening displacements.  Tendency for the computed crack-opening profiles corresponding to the obtained toughness value to display poor agreement with those measured experimentally; Effects of subsurface cracking and cracking during loading.
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - SILICON carbide
N1  - Accession Number: 10544099; Kruzic, Jamie J. 1,2 Ritchie, Robert O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California  2: American Cancer Society; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 86 Issue 8, p1433; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D. R. Rupert
T1  - Diversity at the Laboratory.
JO  - Laboratory Medicine
JF  - Laboratory Medicine
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
SN  - 00075027
AB  - Many organizations, including Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), are faced with the challenge of managing diversity. Organizations that understand, recognize, and respect differences and learn to capitalize on the creativity that differences can bring will survive the challenges of the changing dynamics of the 21st century workplace. To meet these challenges, ORNL has established a mechanism for creating an inclusive organization where high performance is supported and where employees are respected, recognized, and rewarded according to their contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Laboratory Medicine is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - SCIENCE classrooms & equipment
KW  - DIVERSITY in the workplace
KW  - PERSONNEL management
KW  - EMPLOYEES
N1  - Accession Number: 10596385; D. R. Rupert 1; Affiliation:  1: Manager, Staffing Management and Diversity Programs, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN,; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 34 Issue 8, p577; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: SCIENCE classrooms & equipment; Subject Term: DIVERSITY in the workplace; Subject Term: PERSONNEL management; Subject Term: EMPLOYEES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541612 Human Resources Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923130 Administration of Human Resource Programs (except Education, Public Health, and Veterans' Affairs Programs); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stalker, James R.
AU  - Knupp, Kevin R.
T1  - Cell Merger Potential in Multicell Thunderstorms of Weakly Sheared Environments: Cell Separation Distance versus Planetary Boundary Layer Depth.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2003/08//Aug2003 Parts 1 and 2
VL  - 131
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1678
EP  - 1695
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - Using high-resolution three-dimensional numerical experiments, this paper shows that the cell separation distance scales as 0.75 times the planetary boundary layer (PBL) depth for successful cell mergers between constructively interacting cells within multicell thunderstorms. This boundary layer scaling is determined from several simulations of convective cell pairs with a fixed PBL depth and is shown to be valid for other sensitivity simulations with larger PBL depths. This research establishes a robust and quantitative relation between prestorm ambient conditions and cell merger potential useful for research efforts on the multifaceted cell merger process of multicell thunderstorms. The weakly sheared ambient prestorm conditions of the 9 August 1991 Convection and Precipitation/Electrification Experiment (CaPE) multicell thunderstorm are used to initialize the cell pair simulations. Since ambient wind and wind shear are assumed to be zero, only simple cell mergers, defined in this study as those between cell updraft cores joined but not overlapping in the convective stage, are shown to be possible. The coarse-resolution simulations of Stalker suggest that ambient wind shear may be necessary for forced cell mergers, defined in this study as those in which the initial updraft cores are found apart. The scenarios of overlapping initial updraft cores for cell merger are considered physically invalid in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THUNDERSTORMS
KW  - STORMS
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - CELL separation
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology)
N1  - Accession Number: 10371250; Stalker, James R. 1,2; Email Address: stalker@lanl.gov Knupp, Kevin R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Corresponding author address: Dr. James R. Stalker, Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-8, Mail Stop D401, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  3: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, National Space Science and Technology Center, Huntsville, Alabama; Source Info: Aug2003 Parts 1 and 2, Vol. 131 Issue 8, p1678; Subject Term: THUNDERSTORMS; Subject Term: STORMS; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: CELL separation; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rivera
AU  - J. L.
AU  - McCabe
AU  - C.
AU  - Cummings
AU  - P. T.
T1  - Oscillatory Behavior of Double-Walled Nanotubes under Extension:  A Simple Nanoscale Damped Spring.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1001
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Computer simulations of double-walled carbon nanotubes show that if the inner nanotube is pulled out part of the way and then released, then the inner tube exhibits damped oscillatory behavior at gigahertz frequencies. A simple mathematical model, formulated in terms of macroscopic ideas of friction, is shown to predict the observed behavior to a high degree of accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - OSCILLATOR strengths
N1  - Accession Number: 11170446; Rivera J. L. 1 McCabe C. 1 Cummings P. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1508, Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 3 Issue 8, p1001; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: OSCILLATOR strengths; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maiti
AU  - A.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Law
AU  - M.
AU  - Kung
AU  - P.
AU  - McKinney
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Yang
T1  - SnO2 Nanoribbons as NO2 Sensors:  Insights from First Principles Calculations.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1025
SN  - 15306984
AB  - SnO2 nanoribbons with exposed (1 0 1̄) and (0 1 0) surfaces have recently been demonstrated to be highly effective NO2 sensors even at room temperature. The sensing mechanism is examined here through first principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We show that the most stable adsorbed species involve an unexpected NO3 group doubly bonded to Sn centers. Significant electron transfer to the adatoms explains an orders-of-magnitude drop in electrical conductance. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates predominantly NO3 species on the surface, and computed binding energies are consistent with adsorbate stability up to 700 K. Nanoribbon responses to O2 and CO sensing are also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIN compounds
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 11170450; Maiti A. 1 Rodriguez J. A. 1 Law M. 1 Kung P. 1 McKinney J. R. 1 Yang; Affiliation:  1: Accelrys Inc., 9685 Scranton Road, San Diego, California 92121, Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11953, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 3 Issue 8, p1025; Subject Term: TIN compounds; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hernandez
AU  - E.
AU  - Meunier
AU  - V.
AU  - Smith
AU  - B. W.
AU  - Rurali
AU  - R.
AU  - Terrones
AU  - H.
AU  - Buongiorno Nardelli
AU  - M.
AU  - Luzzi
AU  - D. E.
AU  - Charlier
AU  - J.-C.
T1  - Fullerene Coalescence in Nanopeapods:  A Path to Novel Tubular Carbon.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1037
SN  - 15306984
AB  - A fascinating structural transformation occurring inside single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is the fullerene coalescence, which is responsible for forming stable zeppelinlike carbon molecules. We report in situ transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations revealing sequences of fullerene coalescence induced by electron irradiation on pristine nanotube peapods, together with extensive theoretical investigations of the microscopic mechanism underlying this process. TEM images indicate that the merging of fullerenes results in stable but corrugated tubules (5 to 7 Å in diameter) confined within SWNTs. These observations have been confirmed using a combination of theoretical approaches based on molecular dynamics, empirical potentials, tight-binding methods, Monte Carlo techniques, and first principles calculations. We have fully elucidated the coalescence mechanism of fullerenes inside SWNTs under electron irradiation and thermal annealing. The process occurs via the polymerization of C60 molecules followed by surface reconstruction, which can be triggered either by the formation of vacancies (created under electron irradiation) or by surface-energy minimization activated by thermal annealing. These novel tubular forms of carbon contain hexagons, pentagons, heptagons, and octagons. The stability, electronic properties, and electron conductance of the novel tubules are strongly affected by the final geometry of the coalesced fullerene complex. The possibility of forming highly conducting and semiconducting tubular structures suggests new avenues in designing carbon nanowires with specific electronic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - FULLERENES
N1  - Accession Number: 11170453; Hernandez E. 1 Meunier V. 1 Smith B. W. 1 Rurali R. 1 Terrones H. 1 Buongiorno Nardelli M. 1 Luzzi D. E. 1 Charlier J.-C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, Centre Nacional de Microelectrònica (CNM-CSIC), Campus de Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain, Advanced Materials Department, IPICYT, Av. Venustiano Carranza 2425-A, San Luis Potosí 78210, México, Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, and Université Catholique de Louvain, PCPM & CERMIN, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 3 Issue 8, p1037; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuykendall
AU  - T.
AU  - Pauzauskie
AU  - P.
AU  - Lee
AU  - S.
AU  - Zhang
AU  - Y.
AU  - Goldberger
AU  - J.
AU  - Yang
T1  - Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition Route to GaN Nanowires with Triangular Cross Sections.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1063
SN  - 15306984
AB  - High-quality gallium nitride nanowires have been synthesized via metal-initiated metalorganic chemical vapor deposition for the first time. Excellent substrate coverage was observed for wires prepared on silicon, c-plane, and a-plane sapphire substrates. The wires were formed via the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism with gold, iron, or nickel as growth initiators and were found to have widths of 15-200 nm. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the wires were single-crystalline and were oriented predominantly along the [210] or [110] direction. Wires growing along the [210] orientation were found to have triangular cross-sections. Transport measurements confirmed that the wires were n-type and had electron mobilities of ~65 cm2/V·s. Photoluminescence measurements showed band edge emission at 3.35 eV (at 5 K), with a marked absence of low-energy emission from impurity defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - ELECTRON mobility
N1  - Accession Number: 11170458; Kuykendall T. 1 Pauzauskie P. 1 Lee S. 1 Zhang Y. 1 Goldberger J. 1 Yang; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 3 Issue 8, p1063; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: ELECTRON mobility; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strano
AU  - M. S.
AU  - Doorn
AU  - S. K.
AU  - Haroz
AU  - E. H.
AU  - Kittrell
AU  - C.
AU  - Hauge
AU  - R. H.
AU  - Smalley
AU  - R. E.
T1  - Assignment of (n, m) Raman and Optical Features of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1091
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Raman spectroscopy performed between 565 and 627 nm and also between 458- and 514.5-nm laser excitation was used to map the lowest-energy van Hove singularities of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes suspended in aqueous solution using sodium dodecyl sulfate. The interband transitions of distinct metallic nanotubes were observed directly and assigned using a correlation of the diameter and radial breathing mode (RBM) in the Raman spectrum. The results were extrapolated to all metallic nanotubes using a generalized scaling derived from the tight-binding formalism and were shown to be valid for describing the electronic structure of semiconducting nanotubes as well. The model results are compared using excitation profiles outside of the above-reported scan ranges with excellent agreement between observed and predicted profile widths and transition energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11170464; Strano M. S. 1 Doorn S. K. 1 Haroz E. H. 1 Kittrell C. 1 Hauge R. H. 1 Smalley R. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois—Urbana/Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Analytical Chemistry Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 3 Issue 8, p1091; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parrinello, Simona
AU  - Samper, Enrique
AU  - Krtolica, Ana
AU  - Goldstein, Joshua
AU  - Melov, Simon
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Oxygen sensitivity severely limits the replicative lifespan of murine fibroblasts.
JO  - Nature Cell Biology
JF  - Nature Cell Biology
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 5
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 747
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 14657392
AB  - Most mammalian cells do not divide indefinitely, owing to a process termed replicative senescence. In human cells, replicative senescence is caused by telomere shortening, but murine cells senesce despite having long stable telomeres[SUP1]. Here, we show that the phenotypes of senescent human fibroblasts and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) differ under standard culture conditions, which include 20% oxygen. MEFs did not senesce in physiological (3%) oxygen levels, but underwent a spontaneous event that allowed indefinite proliferation in 20% oxygen. The proliferation and cytogenetic profiles of DNA repair-deficient MEFs suggested that DNA damage limits MEF proliferation in 20% oxygen. Indeed, MEFs accumulated more DNA damage in 20% oxygen than 3% oxygen, and more damage than human fibroblasts in 20% oxygen. Our results identify oxygen sensitivity as a critical difference between mouse and human cells, explaining their proliferative differences in culture, and possibly their different rates of cancer and ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Cell Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - DNA damage
N1  - Accession Number: 10423227; Parrinello, Simona 1 Samper, Enrique 2 Krtolica, Ana 1 Goldstein, Joshua 1 Melov, Simon 2 Campisi, Judith 3; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA 94945, USA.  3: [1] Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. [2] Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA 94945, USA.; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 5 Issue 8, p741; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: DNA damage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/ncb1024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albertson, Donna G.
AU  - Collins, Colin
AU  - McCormick, Frank
AU  - Gray, Joe W.
T1  - Chromosome aberrations in solid tumors.
JO  - Nature Genetics
JF  - Nature Genetics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 10614036
AB  - Chromosome aberrations in human solid tumors are hallmarks of gene deregulation and genome instability. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding aberrations, discusses their functional importance, suggests mechanisms by which aberrations may form during cancer progression and provides examples of clinical advances that have come from studies of chromosome aberrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Genetics is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - CHROMOSOME abnormalities
N1  - Accession Number: 10582659; Albertson, Donna G. 1,2; Email Address: albertson@cc.ucsf.edu Collins, Colin 1,2 McCormick, Frank 1,3 Gray, Joe W. 2,4; Email Address: jwgray@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Cancer Researc Institute, University of California San Francisco  2: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco  3: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco  4: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p369; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME abnormalities; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/ng1215
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robb, Victoria A.
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Gascard, Philippe
AU  - Perry, Arie
AU  - Mohandas, Narla
AU  - Gutmann, David H.
T1  - Identification of a third Protein 4.1 tumor suppressor, Protein 4.1R, in meningioma pathogenesis
JO  - Neurobiology of Disease
JF  - Neurobiology of Disease
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 09699961
AB  - Meningiomas are common central nervous system tumors; however, the mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis are largely undefined. In this report, we demonstrate that a third Protein 4.1 family member, Protein 4.1R, functions as a meningioma tumor suppressor. We observed loss of Protein 4.1R expression in two meningioma cell lines (IOMM-Lee, CH157-MN) by Western blotting as well as in 6 of 15 sporadic meningiomas by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. In support of a meningioma tumor suppressor function, Protein 4.1R overexpression resulted in reduced IOMM-Lee and CH157-MN cell proliferation. Similar to the Protein 4.1B and merlin tumor suppressors, Protein 4.1R membrane localization increased significantly under conditions of growth arrest in vitro. Lastly, we show that Protein 4.1R interacted with a subset of merlin/Protein 4.1B interactors including CD44 and βII-spectrin. Collectively, these results suggest that Protein 4.1R functions as an important tumor suppressor in the molecular pathogenesis of meningioma. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neurobiology of Disease is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NERVOUS system -- Tumors
KW  - TUMOR suppressor proteins
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - Brain tumor
KW  - CD44
KW  - Meningioma
KW  - Merlin
KW  - Protein 4.1B/DAL-1
KW  - Protein 4.1R
KW  - Schwannomin
KW  - Tumor suppressor
N1  - Accession Number: 10424960; Robb, Victoria A. 1 Li, Wen 1 Gascard, Philippe 2 Perry, Arie 3 Mohandas, Narla 4 Gutmann, David H. 1; Email Address: gutmannd@neuro.wustl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA  2: Department of Subcellular Structure, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Neuropathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA  4: New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10021, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p191; Subject Term: NERVOUS system -- Tumors; Subject Term: TUMOR suppressor proteins; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain tumor; Author-Supplied Keyword: CD44; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meningioma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Merlin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein 4.1B/DAL-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein 4.1R; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schwannomin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tumor suppressor; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-9961(03)00071-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ernst, T.
AU  - Chang, L.
AU  - Arnold, S.
T1  - Increased glial metabolites predict increased working memory network activation in HIV brain injury
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1686
SN  - 10538119
AB  - Deficits in attention and working memory are common in human immuno deficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients, but the pathophysiology of these deficits is poorly understood. Modern neuroimaging techniques, such as proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) and functional MRI (fMRI), can assess some of the processes underlying HIV brain injury. To evaluate the model that attentional deficits in early HIV brain disease are related to brain inflammation, 1H MRS and fMRI were performed in 14 HIV-positive subjects [acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex stage 1 or less]. Increasing attentional load on three working memory tasks was assessed with fMRI, and the concentrations of brain metabolites were measured with 1H MRS in the frontal gray and white matter, and basal ganglia. Metabolite concentrations were correlated with fMRI blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals, using a random-effects linear regression model in SPM99. Several positive correlations were observed between the BOLD signal strength in the working memory network (posterior parietal cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex) and the concentrations of frontal white matter and basal ganglia metabolites that are predominant in glial cells (choline-containing compounds, myo-inositol, and total creatine). In contrast, BOLD signals in the working memory network were not correlated with the concentration of N-acetyl compounds, which are markers of neuronal viability, or with metabolite concentrations in the frontal gray matter. These findings are consistent with previous results that mild HIV brain injury is associated with increased glial activation without major involvement of neuronal abnormalities. We propose that the inflammatory glial abnormalities reduce the efficiency of neural processing, and necessitate compensatory increases in attention in patients, and associated BOLD signals, to perform a given task. The same mechanism may also contribute to cognitive dysfunction in other brain diseases that involve inflammation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHORT-term memory
KW  - ATTENTION
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - Brain
KW  - Functional MRI
KW  - HIV
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - MR spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10632941; Ernst, T. 1; Email Address: TErnst@bnl.gov Chang, L. 1 Arnold, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p1686; Subject Term: SHORT-term memory; Subject Term: ATTENTION; Subject Term: HIV infections; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Functional MRI; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: MR spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00232-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dhankher, Om Parkash
AU  - Shasti, Nupur A.
AU  - Rosen, Barry P.
AU  - Fuhrmann, Mark
AU  - Meagher, Richard B.
T1  - Increased cadmium tolerance and accumulation by plants expressing bacterial arsenate reductase.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 159
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 441
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Summary • Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental pollutant that poses a serious threat to natural ecosystems. However, most initial attempts to engineer phytoremediation of Cd have not succeeded in developing sufficient Cd tolerance for vigorous plant growth. • We found that the bacterial arsenate reductase gene (arsC ) provided Cd(II) resistance to Escherichia coli . When ArsC is overexpressed in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum ) and Arabidopsis thaliana , both transgenic plant species showed significantly greater Cd tolerance than wild-type controls. • At 50, 75, and 100 µm concentrations of Cd (II), the ArsC expressing transgenic lines grew bigger with broader leaves and longer roots than wild-type controls, which were stunted, turned yellow, flowered early, and often died. At the various Cd(II) concentrations, ArsC transgenic plants attained f. wt 2–3-fold higher than the wild-type plants and had roots significantly longer than wild-type plants. These transgenic plants also contained 30–50% higher Cd concentrations than wild-type plants. • It is likely that the arsC gene directs Cd tolerance via the electrochemical reduction of Cd(II) to Cd(0). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCOMPATIBILITY
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - PHYTOREMEDIATION
KW  - ARSENATES
KW  - accumulation
KW  - Arabidopsis
KW  - ArsC
KW  - Arsenate reductase
KW  - cadmium (Cd) tolerance
KW  - phytoremediation
KW  - tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum )
N1  - Accession Number: 10203188; Dhankher, Om Parkash 1 Shasti, Nupur A. 1 Rosen, Barry P. 2 Fuhrmann, Mark 3 Meagher, Richard B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;  2: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;  3: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973–5000, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 159 Issue 2, p431; Subject Term: BIOCOMPATIBILITY; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: PHYTOREMEDIATION; Subject Term: ARSENATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arabidopsis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ArsC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arsenate reductase; Author-Supplied Keyword: cadmium (Cd) tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum ); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00827.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anulli, F.
AU  - Bagnasco, S.
AU  - Baldini, R.
AU  - Band, H.R.
AU  - Bionta, R.
AU  - Brau, J.E.
AU  - Brigljevic, V.
AU  - Buzzo, A.
AU  - Calcaterra, A.
AU  - Carpinelli, M.
AU  - Cartaro, T.
AU  - Cavallo, N.
AU  - Crosetti, G.
AU  - de Sangro, R.
AU  - De Nardo, G.
AU  - Eichenbaum, A.
AU  - Fabozzi, F.
AU  - Falciai, D.
AU  - Ferrarotto, F.
AU  - Ferroni, F.
T1  - Mechanisms affecting performance of the BaBar resistive plate chambers and searches for remediation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 508
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 128
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The BaBar experiment at PEPII relies on the instrumentation of the flux return (IFR) for both muon identification and <f>KL</f> detection. The active detector is composed of resistive plate chambers (RPCs) operated in streamer mode. Since the start of operation the RPCs have suffered persistent efficiency deterioration and dark current increase problems. The “autopsy” of bad BaBar RPCs revealed that in many cases uncured linseed oil droplets had formed on the inner surface of the Bakelite plates, leading to current paths from oil “stalagmites” bridging the 2 mm gap. In this paper, a possible model of this “stalagmite” formation and its effect on the dark current and efficiency of RPC chambers is presented. Laboratory test results strongly support this model.Based upon this model we are searching for solutions to eliminate the unfavorable effect of the oil stalagmites. The lab tests show that the stalagmite resistivity increases dramatically if exposed to the air, an observation that points to a possible way to remedy the damage and increase the efficiency. We have seen that flowing an oxygen gas mixture into the chamber helps to polymerize the uncured linseed oil. Consequently, the resistivity of the bridged oil stalagmites increases, as does that of the oil coating on the frame edges and spacers, significantly reducing the RPC dark currents and low-efficiency regions. We have tested this idea on two chambers removed from BaBar because of their low efficiency and high dark current. These test results are reported in the paper, and two other remediation methods also mentioned. We continue to study this problem, and try to find new treatments with permanent improvement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - BAKELITE
KW  - Linseed oil stalagmite
KW  - Oxygen treatment
KW  - Polymerization
KW  - Remediation
KW  - RPC
N1  - Accession Number: 10364755; Anulli, F. 1 Bagnasco, S. 2 Baldini, R. 1 Band, H.R. 3 Bionta, R. 4 Brau, J.E. 5 Brigljevic, V. 4 Buzzo, A. 2 Calcaterra, A. 1 Carpinelli, M. 6 Cartaro, T. 7 Cavallo, N. 7 Crosetti, G. 2 de Sangro, R. 1 De Nardo, G. 7 Eichenbaum, A. 3 Fabozzi, F. 7 Falciai, D. 1 Ferrarotto, F. 8 Ferroni, F. 8; Affiliation:  1: Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell’INFN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy  2: Università di Genova, Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, I-16146 Genova, Italy  3: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  5: University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA  6: Università di Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore, and INFN, I-56010 Pisa, Italy  7: Università di Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche and INFN, I-80126 Napoli, Italy  8: Università di Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN,I-00185 Roma, Italy; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 508 Issue 1/2, p128; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: BAKELITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linseed oil stalagmite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: RPC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01292-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hennet, L.
AU  - Thiaudière, D.
AU  - Landron, C.
AU  - Berar, J.-F.
AU  - Saboungi, M.-L.
AU  - Matzen, G.
AU  - Price, D.L.
T1  - Anomalous x-ray scattering on molten levitated samples
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 207
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - In a single diffraction measurement, on a multi-component high-temperature liquid, the measured <f>S(Q)</f> and <f>G(r)</f> are weighted averages of the partial functions for the different atom pairs, and different structural models can be consistent with the experimental data. In order to obtain more specific structural information, we have combined aerodynamic levitation and laser heating with the anomalous x-ray scattering technique to study the structure of liquid yttrium oxide at high temperature. The results are in good agreement with the previous experiments and computer simulations. This combination represents a powerful technique for obtaining reliable partial structure information in complex high-temperature liquid materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - Anomalous x-ray scattering
KW  - Levitation
KW  - Synchrotron
N1  - Accession Number: 10061011; Hennet, L. 1; Email Address: hennet@cnrs-orleans.fr Thiaudière, D. 1 Landron, C. 1 Berar, J.-F. 2 Saboungi, M.-L. 3,4 Matzen, G. 1 Price, D.L. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux à Haute Température, 1d, avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France  2: Laboratoire de Cristallographie, 25, rue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble cedex 09, France  3: Centre de Recherche sur la Matière Divisée, 1bis, rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 207 Issue 4, p447; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anomalous x-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Levitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01077-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - McCready, D.E.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Oxygen analysis using energetic ion beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 207
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Using a thin amorphous layer of SiO2 (5.2 μg/cm2) on Si, cross sections for the nuclear reactions 16O(d,p1)17O, 16O(d,α)14N and 16O(α,α)16O at a laboratory angle of 150° are determined over energies ranging from 0.701 to 1.057 MeV for D+ ions and from 2.949 to 3.049 MeV for He+ ions. The results are plotted and tabulated as a function of ion energy, with typical uncertainties of 4% for the cross section data and of ±5 keV for the resonance energy. An example for the analysis of atomic displacements on the O sublattice in a Au2+-irradiated SrTiO3 single crystal is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - Nuclear reaction
KW  - Oxygen analysis
KW  - Reaction cross section
N1  - Accession Number: 10061012; Jiang, W.; Email Address: weilin.jiang@pnl.gov Shutthanandan, V. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 McCready, D.E. 1 Weber, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-93, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 207 Issue 4, p453; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction cross section; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01123-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuh, C.A.
AU  - Argon, A.S.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Wadsworth, J.
T1  - The transition from localized to homogeneous plasticity during nanoindentation of an amorphous metal.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 2585
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Using nanoindentation, we examine the fundamental nature of plasticity in a bulk amorphous metal. We find that the mechanics of plasticity depend strongly on the indentation loading rate, with low rates promoting discretization of plasticity into rapid bursts. For sufficiently slow indentations, we find that plastic deformation becomes completely discretized in a series of isolated yielding events. As the loading rate is increased, a transition from discrete to continuous yielding is observed. These results are fundamentally different from the classical expectations for metallic glasses, in which the transition from discrete to continuous yielding occurs upon a decrease in deformation rate. The present experimental results are analysed with reference to the theoretical ideal-plastic strain field beneath an indenter and rationalized on the basis of mechanistic models of glass plasticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
N1  - Accession Number: 10466861; Schuh, C.A. 1; Email Address: schuh@mit.edu Argon, A.S. 1 Nieh, T.G. 2 Wadsworth, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA  3: Battelle Memorial Institute, USA; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p2585; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watanabe, S.
AU  - Hoshino, M.
AU  - Koike, T.
AU  - Suda, T.
AU  - Ohnuki, S.
AU  - Takahashi, H.
AU  - Lam, N.Q.
T1  - Temporal Fluctuation and Its Power Law in the Crystalline-To-Glass Transition During Electron Irradiation.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/08//8/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 2599
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Temporal nanostructural fluctuations brought about by transient metastable atom-cluster formation during radiation-induced amorphizing transformation in the intermetallic compound NiTi, observed using a combination of high-resolution high-voltage electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulation, were characterized in terms of power-law responses of non-equilibrium energy-dissipative systems. Within the framework of the multi-Lorentzian picture, the resultant power law also describes the multirelaxation time (i.e. cluster lifetime) distribution. In addition, a unified relation for the autocorrelation functions for such fluctuation phenomena is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10466859; Watanabe, S. 1; Email Address: watanabe@loam-ms.eng.hokudai.ac.jp Hoshino, M. 1 Koike, T. 1 Suda, T. 1 Ohnuki, S. 1 Takahashi, H. 2 Lam, N.Q. 3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Japan  2: Center for Advanced Research of Energy Technology, Hokkaido University, Japan  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 8/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p2599; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pynn, Roger
AU  - Fitzsimmons, Michael R.
AU  - Fritzsche, Helmut
AU  - Major, Janos
AU  - Theo Rekveldt, M.
T1  - Does beam divergence matter for neutron reflectometry?
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09214526
AB  - In this paper, we describe a method that uses Larmor precession of a neutron''s spin to encode information about the direction of the neutron''s path. We show that neutron spin echo (NSE) may be used to separate specular and diffuse reflection from the surface of a sample and to obtain information about the in-plane structure of thin films or interfaces. In the implementation discussed here, thin magnetic films of permalloy deposited on silicon substrates are used as Larmor precession devices that are both compact and well-defined geometrically and magnetically. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - NEUTRON spin echoes
KW  - Neutron reflectometry
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Neutron spin echo
N1  - Accession Number: 10061434; Pynn, Roger 1; Email Address: pynn@mrl.ucsb.edu Fitzsimmons, Michael R. 1 Fritzsche, Helmut 2 Major, Janos 3 Theo Rekveldt, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, H805 Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: Hahn-Meitner-Institut, Glienicker Str. 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  3: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstr. 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany  4: Interfacultair Reactor Institut, Delft University of Technology, Mekelveg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: NEUTRON spin echoes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron reflectometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spin echo; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00259-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Major, J.
AU  - Dosch, H.
AU  - Felcher, G.P.
AU  - Habicht, K.
AU  - Keller, T.
AU  - te Velthuis, S.G.E.
AU  - Vorobiev, A.
AU  - Wahl, M.
T1  - Combining of neutron spin echo and reflectivity: a new technique for probing surface and interface order
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The recently proposed spin-echo resolved grazing-incidence scattering (SERGIS) uses the well-known neutron spin echo effect for encoding the momentum transfer in reflectometry. By the application of tilted magnetic-field borders, SERGIS measures the scattering angle in grazing incidence experiments in absence of any geometrical beam-defining tool, such as slits. The main difficulty in such set-ups is the realization of geometrically flat field borders. The possibility of the application of neutron resonance spin echo (NRSE) for such a purpose is discussed, where the field borders are defined by current sheets. Prototype SERGIS experiments performed on holographically made optical gratings at a NRSE triple-axis spectrometer are shown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON spin echoes
KW  - REFLECTOMETER
KW  - Grazing incidence diffuse scattering
KW  - Neutron reflectivity
KW  - Neutron resonance spin echo
KW  - Neutron spin echo
KW  - NRSE
KW  - SERGIS
N1  - Accession Number: 10061435; Major, J. 1; Email Address: major@mf.mpg.de Dosch, H. 1 Felcher, G.P. 2 Habicht, K. 3 Keller, T. 4 te Velthuis, S.G.E. 2 Vorobiev, A. 1 Wahl, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstr. 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  3: Hahn-Meitner-Institut, BENSC, Glienickerstr. 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  4: Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p8; Subject Term: NEUTRON spin echoes; Subject Term: REFLECTOMETER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grazing incidence diffuse scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron reflectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron resonance spin echo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spin echo; Author-Supplied Keyword: NRSE; Author-Supplied Keyword: SERGIS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00264-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yacoby, Yizhak
AU  - Sowwan, Mukhles
AU  - Stern, Edward
AU  - Cross, Julie
AU  - Brewe, Dale
AU  - Pindak, Ron
AU  - Pitney, John
AU  - Dufresne, Eric B.
AU  - Clarke, Roy
T1  - Direct determination of epitaxial film and interface structure: Gd2O3 on GaAs (1 0 0)
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We present a new method of sub-Angstrom resolution imaging of the 3D structure of epitaxial films and their interface with the substrate. The method utilizes the diffraction intensities along the substrate-defined Bragg rods and some crude knowledge of the system structure to determine the complex scattering factors (CSFs) along the Bragg rods. The system electron density and the structure is obtained by Fourier transforming the CSFs into real space. We have applied this method to study the structure of a Gd2O3 film and its interface with the GaAs substrate. The results show that the Gd2O3 abandons the bulk stacking order and adopts that of GaAs. Moreover, the atoms in the first few layers move to in-plane positions that overlap those of the underlying Ga and As. This behavior may be at the heart of its ability to passivate GaAs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - Diffraction phase
KW  - Passivation layer
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 10061439; Yacoby, Yizhak 1; Email Address: yizhak@vms.huji.ac.il Sowwan, Mukhles 1 Stern, Edward 2 Cross, Julie 3 Brewe, Dale 3 Pindak, Ron 4 Pitney, John 5 Dufresne, Eric B. 6 Clarke, Roy 6; Affiliation:  1: Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel  2: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, DC 98195-1560, USA  3: PNC-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  5: MHATT-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  6: FOCUS Center, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p39; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passivation layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00267-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ankner, J.F.
AU  - Rehm, Ch.
T1  - Time-dependent measurements at the SNS liquids reflectometer
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The greatly increased flux that will be available at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) should enhance our ability to carry out time-resolved reflectivity measurements. Construction of horizontal- and vertical-surface reflectometers is well underway and the instruments will be commissioned in early 2006. We consider how to utilize the intrinsic wavelength bandwidth of the SNS to perform “snapshot” reflectivity measurements, using the outgassing of a hydrogen-charged Fe/Nb multilayer as a test case. At the expected SNS source flux of 2 MW, we determine that kinetics in our rather favorable test case can be observed with as short as a 1-s time resolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Hydrogen in metals
KW  - Neutron instrumentation
KW  - Neutron reflectometry
KW  - Time-dependent measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 10061451; Ankner, J.F.; Email Address: anknerjf@ornl.gov Rehm, Ch. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p68; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen in metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron reflectometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-dependent measurements; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00271-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephenson, G.B.
AU  - Fong, D.D.
AU  - Ramana Murty, M.V.
AU  - Streiffer, S.K.
AU  - Eastman, J.A.
AU  - Auciello, O.
AU  - Fuoss, P.H.
AU  - Munkholm, A.
AU  - Aanerud, M.E.M.
AU  - Thompson, Carol
T1  - In situ X-ray studies of vapor phase epitaxy of PbTiO3
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
SN  - 09214526
AB  - As part of a program to understand and control the structure of ferroelectric thin films grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE), we have used X-ray scattering to observe the surface structure of PbTiO3 films during and following growth. Moderately high energy (24 keV) X-rays are used to penetrate the chamber walls for in situ measurements in the high-temperature, reactive MOVPE environment. Performing measurements in situ allows us to study the growth process in real time, to control the thickness of the films to sub-unit-cell accuracy, to observe the surface structure in equilibrium with the vapor, and to preserve film stoichiometry during high-temperature study by maintaining an overpressure of PbO. While the higher X-ray energy also permits a large volume of reciprocal space to be mapped, it presents challenges for surface scattering due to the small critical angle. Examples of results will be presented from studies of surface structure dynamics, crystal growth, and ferroelectric stripe domains in thin films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - Ferroelectrics
KW  - Grazing incidence X-ray scattering
KW  - In situ
KW  - Metal organic vapor phase epitaxy
N1  - Accession Number: 10061456; Stephenson, G.B. 1; Email Address: stephenson@anl.gov Fong, D.D. 1 Ramana Murty, M.V. 1 Streiffer, S.K. 1 Eastman, J.A. 1 Auciello, O. 1 Fuoss, P.H. 1 Munkholm, A. 2 Aanerud, M.E.M. 3 Thompson, Carol 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Lumileds Lighting, San Jose, CA 95131, USA  3: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p81; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grazing incidence X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal organic vapor phase epitaxy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00273-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hellwig, O.
AU  - Denbeaux, G.P.
AU  - Kortright, J.B.
AU  - Fullerton, Eric E.
T1  - X-ray studies of aligned magnetic stripe domains in perpendicular multilayers
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have investigated the stripe domain structure and the magnetic reversal of perpendicular Co/Pt-based multilayers at room temperature using magnetometry, magnetic imaging and magnetic X-ray scattering. In-plane field cycling aligns the stripe domains along the field direction. In magnetic X-ray scattering the parallel stripe domains act as a magnetic grating resulting in observed Bragg reflections up to fifth order. We model the scattering profile to extract and quantify the domain as well as domain wall widths. Applying fields up to ∼1.2 kOe perpendicular to the film reversibly changes the relative width of up versus down domains while maintaining the overall stripe periodicity. Fields above 1.2 kOe introduce irreversible changes into the domain structure by contracting and finally annihilating individual stripe domains. We compare the current results with modeling and previous measurements of films with perpendicular anisotropy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - Magnetic domains
KW  - Magnetic microscopy
KW  - Magnetic thin films
KW  - Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
N1  - Accession Number: 10061472; Hellwig, O. 1 Denbeaux, G.P. 2 Kortright, J.B. 2; Email Address: jbkortright@lbl.gov Fullerton, Eric E. 1; Affiliation:  1: San Jose Research Center, Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p136; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic domains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00282-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, Kuan-Li
AU  - Lin, Ming-Zhe
AU  - Lee, Chih-Hao
AU  - Ku, C.A.
AU  - Huang, J.C.A.
AU  - te Velthuis, S.G.E.
T1  - Polarized neutron and X-ray reflectivity study of the structure and exchange coupling of permalloy(Ni80Fe20)/Cr/permalloy trilayers
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The magnetic coupling between two permalloy layers with a Cr separating layer was studied using LMOKE, polarized neutron reflectivity and XRD. The coupling between two permalloy layers is antiferromagnetic-like when the Cr thickness is near 2.0 nm along the easy axis. A strong biquadratic coupling term has been found from the polarized neutron reflectivity study. The strong biquadratic coupling may be caused by the rough interface between the permalloy and Cr layers. The missing GMR effect of this system might be due to this strong biquadratic coupling of permalloy layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - Interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling
KW  - Permalloy/Cr multilayers
KW  - Polarized neutron reflectivity
KW  - X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10061474; Yu, Kuan-Li 1; Email Address: chlee@mx.nthu.edu.tw Lin, Ming-Zhe 1 Lee, Chih-Hao 1,2 Ku, C.A. 3 Huang, J.C.A. 3 te Velthuis, S.G.E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan  2: Nuclear Reactor Division, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan  3: Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p151; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permalloy/Cr multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarized neutron reflectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00284-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, S.-W.
AU  - Farmer, J.
AU  - Miceli, P.F.
AU  - Felcher, G.
AU  - Goyette, R.
AU  - Kiehne, G.T.
AU  - Ketterson, J.B.
T1  - Distribution of vortices in Nb/Al multilayers studied by spin-polarized neutron reflectivity and magnetization
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We present SPNR and DC magnetization studies of non-uniformly distributed vortices in Nb/Al multilayers for fields applied near-parallel to the film surface. Peaks are observed in the M–H curves that are shown to correspond to vortex row-transitions and the field values of the transitions agree well with free energy calculations. An additional peak is observed at an applied field smaller than the first row-transition field and this is shown to arise from the lower critical field parallel to the surface. Demagnetization effects are discussed. SPNR measurements performed at low field give the London penetration length and measurements in the mixed state are consistent with a single row of vortices residing in the film center, but with positional fluctuations amounting to 1/4 of the film thickness. It is also shown that cycling the applied field leads to a surface-induced reorientation of the vortex magnetic field, which points perpendicular to the surface in zero field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Nb/Al multilayers, Superconductivity
KW  - Spin-polarized neutron reflectivity
KW  - SPNR
N1  - Accession Number: 10061476; Han, S.-W. 1 Farmer, J. 2 Miceli, P.F. 1; Email Address: micelip@missouri.edu Felcher, G. 3 Goyette, R. 3 Kiehne, G.T. 4 Ketterson, J.B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA  2: Missouri University Research Reactor, Columbia, MO 65211, USA  3: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p162; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb/Al multilayers, Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin-polarized neutron reflectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPNR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00286-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mochrie, S.G.J.
AU  - Lurio, L.B.
AU  - Rühm, A.
AU  - Lumma, D.
AU  - Borthwick, M.
AU  - Falus, P.
AU  - Kim, H.J.
AU  - Basu, J.K.
AU  - Lal, J.
AU  - Sinha, S.K.
T1  - X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy studies of colloidal diffusion and the capillary modes of polymer films
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The new method of X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) is introduced with reference to experiments studying diffusion in concentrated colloidal suspensions. It is shown that both the static structure and the diffusional dynamics of concentrated suspensions of polystyrene spheres in glycerol are well-described by theories developed for hard spheres. Next, XPCS experiments probing the dynamics of surface height fluctuations as a function of lateral length scale are described. Measurements were performed on polystyrene (PS) thin films of thicknesses varying from 840 to <f>3330 A˚</f> at temperatures above the PS glass transition temperature. Within a range of wave vectors spanning <f>10−4</f>–<f>10−3 A˚−1</f>, good agreement is found between the measured surface dynamics and the theory of overdamped thermal capillary waves on thin films. Quantitatively, the data can be accounted for using the viscosity of bulk PS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - 82.35.Gh
KW  - Coherence
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Photon correlation spectroscopy
KW  - XPCS
N1  - Accession Number: 10061477; Mochrie, S.G.J. 1; Email Address: simon.mochrie@yale.edu Lurio, L.B. 2 Rühm, A. 3 Lumma, D. 3 Borthwick, M. 3 Falus, P. 4,5 Kim, H.J. 6 Basu, J.K. 7,8 Lal, J. 9 Sinha, S.K. 10,11; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  2: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, De Kalb, IL, USA  3: Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  4: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  5: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  6: Department of Physics, Sogang University, 1 Shinsu-Dong, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, South Korea  7: Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA  8: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  9: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  10: Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  11: LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p173; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 82.35.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon correlation spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPCS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00287-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Hyunjung
AU  - Rühm, A.
AU  - Lurio, L.B.
AU  - Basu, J.K.
AU  - Lal, J.
AU  - Mochrie, S.G.J.
AU  - Sinha, S.K.
T1  - X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy on polymer films with molecular weight dependence
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have applied X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) to study the dynamics of surface fluctuations in thin supported polystyrene films as a function of wave vector, temperature, film thickness, and molecular weight. Molecular weights, ranging from 30 to 650 kg/mol, were used in the study. Lateral length scales probed are at least ten times smaller than those accessible in conventional dynamic light scattering. Good agreement between the experimental results and conventional theory permits us to determine the film viscosity. The viscosity obtained in thin films with a higher molecular weight shows lower viscosity than the one obtained from bulk polystyrene of corresponding molecular weight. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - Polymer films
KW  - X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray reflectivity
N1  - Accession Number: 10061481; Kim, Hyunjung 1,2,3,4; Email Address: hkim@sogang.ac.kr Rühm, A. 5,6 Lurio, L.B. 6,7 Basu, J.K. 3,8 Lal, J. 9 Mochrie, S.G.J. 10 Sinha, S.K. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  2: LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, South Korea  5: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Stuttgart, Germany  6: Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  7: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  8: Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA  9: Argonne National Laboratory, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  10: Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p211; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer films; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray reflectivity; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00291-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Ankner, John F.
AU  - Brennan, Sean
AU  - Kortright, Jeffrey B.
T1  - Preface
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - vii
SN  - 09214526
N1  - Accession Number: 10061432; Ankner, John F. 1; Email Address: anknerjf@ornl.gov Brennan, Sean 2; Email Address: bren@slac.stanford.edu Kortright, Jeffrey B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Mail Stop 2R0100, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, pvii; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00293-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Joon Myong
AU  - Jagannathan, Ramesh
AU  - Stokes, David L.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
AU  - Hajaligol, Mohammad R.
T1  - Real-Time Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cigarette Smoke Using Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence.
JO  - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
JF  - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
Y1  - 2003/08//Aug-Oct2003
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
EP  - 439
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10406638
AB  - Cigarette smoke contains a large number of chemicals and gaseous compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Due to the importance of PAHs and their health effects in cigarettes, development of systems to analyze PAHs in cigarette smoke may become useful in developing a less harmful product. However, the complexity of cigarette smoke chemistry remains a significant obstacle in its analysis: many cigarette smoke components are produced due to reactions such as decomposition and recombination of cigarette components during the smoking process. Methods to analyze these reactions in real-time are needed. In this article the authors report direct monitoring of pyrene in mainstream smoke using time-gated laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) based on fiber optics. The time-gated detection system could provide a reduced background signal of mainstream smoke when using optimized gate delay and gate width parameters. The results demonstrate the feasibility of direct monitoring of PAHs in mainstream smoke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - CIGARETTE smoke
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds
KW  - cigarette smoke
KW  - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - time-gated laser-induced fluorescence
N1  - Accession Number: 10895101; Song, Joon Myong 1 Jagannathan, Ramesh 1 Stokes, David L. 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan 1 Hajaligol, Mohammad R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  2: Philip Morris Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Richmond, Virginia, USA; Source Info: Aug-Oct2003, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p429; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: CIGARETTE smoke; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: cigarette smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: time-gated laser-induced fluorescence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin A. Green
AU  - Keith Emery
AU  - David L. King
AU  - Sanekazu Igari
AU  - Wilhelm Warta
T1  - Solar cell efficiency tables (version 22).
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 352
SN  - 10627995
AB  - Consolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined and new entries since January 2003 are reviewed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Charts, diagrams, etc.
N1  - Accession Number: 20650091; Martin A. Green 1; Keith Emery 2; David L. King 3; Sanekazu Igari 4; Wilhelm Warta 5; Affiliations: 1: Centre for Photovoltaic Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123-0752, USA; 4: Energy Electronics Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 5: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Department Solar Cells—Materials and Technology, Heidenhofstr. 2, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p347; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic cells; Subject Term: Guidelines; Subject Term: Charts, diagrams, etc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Walter, W. R.
AU  - Lay, T.
AU  - Wu, R.-S.
T1  - Time-domain Pure-state Polarization Analysis of Surface Waves Traversing California.
JO  - Pure & Applied Geophysics
JF  - Pure & Applied Geophysics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 160
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1447
EP  - 1478
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00334553
AB  - — A time-domain pure-state polarization analysis method is used to characterize surface waves traversing California parallel to the plate boundary. The method is applied to data recorded at four broadband stations in California from twenty-six large, shallow earthquakes which occurred since 1988, yielding polarization parameters such as the ellipticity, Euler angles, instantaneous periods, and wave incident azimuths. The earthquakes are located along the circum-Pacific margin and the ray paths cluster into two groups, with great-circle paths connecting stations MHC and PAS or CMB and GSC. The first path (MHC-PAS) is in the vicinity of the San Andreas Fault System (SAFS), and the second (CMB-GSC) traverses the Sierra Nevada Batholith parallel to and east of the SAFS. Both Rayleigh and Love wave data show refractions due to lateral velocity heterogeneities under the path, indicating that accurate phase velocity and attenuation analysis requires array measurements. T he Rayleigh waves are strongly affected by low velocity anomalies beneath Central California, with ray paths bending eastward as waves travel toward the south, while Love waves are less affected, providing observables to constrain the depth extent of anomalies. Strong lateral gradients in the lithospheric structure between the continent and the ocean are the likely cause of the path deflections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Pure & Applied Geophysics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE waves (Fluids)
KW  - NATURAL disasters
KW  - EARTH movements
KW  - FAULTS (Geology)
KW  - FAULT zones
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - refraction
KW  - refraction.
KW  - Seismic wave polarization
KW  - surface waves
N1  - Accession Number: 16859691; Zhang, J. 1 Walter, W. R. 2 Lay, T. 1; Email Address: tlay@es.ucsc.edu Wu, R.-S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, U.S.A.  2: L-205, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 160 Issue 8, p1447; Subject Term: SURFACE waves (Fluids); Subject Term: NATURAL disasters; Subject Term: EARTH movements; Subject Term: FAULTS (Geology); Subject Term: FAULT zones; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: refraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: refraction.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seismic wave polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface waves; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00024-003-2355-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mena L, Francisco
AU  - Reyes B, Omar
AU  - Stafford Jr., Thomas W.
AU  - Southon, John
T1  - Early human remains from Ban˜o Nuevo-1 cave, central Patagonian Andes, Chile
JO  - Quaternary International
JF  - Quaternary International
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 109-110
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
SN  - 10406182
AB  - The notable sparseness of human skeletal remains is a characteristic trait of early American prehistory and, therefore, this aspect of the archaeological record is seldom considered in its discussion. In this context, the finding of remains from five individuals dated to the 9th millenium BP on the re-excavations at Ban˜o Nuevo Cave (Andean Central Patagonia, Chile) is particularly interesting. They may not appear excessively old, but several radiocarbon dates (two of them done through AMS directly on the bone of one of the individuals) place them among the very few well-dated early human skeletons throughout the Americas. The small sample size militates against any interpretation of biological affiliation (to say nothing of population movements) and we can only affirm that these people belonged to a generalized “mongoloid stock”, different from historically known Patagonian populations. After a brief presentation of the skeletal evidence and the bone dating methods, we evaluate the relevance of this context with respect to the sparse osteological record of humans in the Americas on the Pleistocene/Holocene transition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary International is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMAN remains (Archaeology)
KW  - ARCHAEOLOGY
KW  - PLEISTOCENE-Holocene boundary
KW  - PATAGONIA (Argentina & Chile)
KW  - CHILE
N1  - Accession Number: 10273833; Mena L, Francisco 1; Email Address: fmena@museoprecolombino.cl Reyes B, Omar 1; Email Address: omarreyesbaez@vtr.net Stafford Jr., Thomas W. 2 Southon, John 3; Affiliation:  1: Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino, Bandera, Santiago de Chile 361, Chile  2: Stafford Research Laboratories, Inc. 5401 Western Avenue, Suite C, Boulder, CO 80301, USA  3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94451, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 109-110, p113; Subject Term: HUMAN remains (Archaeology); Subject Term: ARCHAEOLOGY; Subject Term: PLEISTOCENE-Holocene boundary; Subject Term: PATAGONIA (Argentina & Chile); Subject Term: CHILE; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1040-6182(02)00207-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKeever, S.W.S.
AU  - Banerjee, D.
AU  - Blair, M.
AU  - Clifford, S.M.
AU  - Clowdsley, M.S.
AU  - Kim, S.S.
AU  - Lamothe, M.
AU  - Lepper, K.
AU  - Leuschen, M.
AU  - McKeever, K.J.
AU  - Prather, M.
AU  - Rowland, A.
AU  - Reust, D.
AU  - Sears, D.W.G.
AU  - Wilson, J.W.
T1  - Concepts and approaches to in situ luminescence dating of martian sediments
JO  - Radiation Measurements
JF  - Radiation Measurements
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 13504487
AB  - In this paper we present the concept of a robotic instrument for in situ luminescence dating of near-surface sediments on Mars. The scientific objectives and advantages to be gained from the development of such an instrument are described, and the challenges presented by the Mars surface environment to the design and operation of the instrument are outlined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Measurements is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
N1  - Accession Number: 10117718; McKeever, S.W.S. 1; Email Address: u1759aa@okstate.edu Banerjee, D. 1 Blair, M. 1 Clifford, S.M. 2 Clowdsley, M.S. 3 Kim, S.S. 4 Lamothe, M. 5 Lepper, K. 6 Leuschen, M. 7 McKeever, K.J. 1,7 Prather, M. 7 Rowland, A. 1 Reust, D. 7 Sears, D.W.G. 8 Wilson, J.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Arkansas–Oklahoma Center for Space and Planetary Sciences, and Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA  2: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058, USA  3: NRC/NASA Langley Research Center, MS 188B, Hampton, VA 23681, USA  4: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Mail Stop 183-401, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., CA 91109, USA  5: Départment des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Atmosphere, Université de Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-2, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  7: Nomadics Inc., 1024 Innovation Way, Stillwater, OK 74076, USA  8: Arkansas–Oklahoma Center for Space and Planetary Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Building, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 37 Issue 4/5, p527; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1350-4487(03)00025-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romero, L. A.
T1  - PASSIVE LEVITATION IN ALTERNATING MAGNETIC FIELDS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 63
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2155
EP  - 2175
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - In this paper we analyze the stability of a levitated axisymmetric top carrying a system of permanent magnets in an alternating magnetic field. We show that there are stable configurations where the top is stationary, and the alternating magnetic field stabilizes the equilibrium position. We show that one mechanism for achieving stability is to periodically change the coupling between the rotational and translational degrees of freedom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEVITATION
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC couplings
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - Levitron
KW  - magnets.
KW  - stability
N1  - Accession Number: 11749413; Romero, L. A. 1; Email Address: laromero@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 63 Issue 6, p2155; Subject Term: LEVITATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC couplings; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Levitron; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnets.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stability; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S003613990241031X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romero, L. A.
T1  - SPIN STABILIZED MAGNETIC LEVITATION OF HORIZONTAL ROTORS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 63
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2176
EP  - 2194
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - In this paper we present an analysis of a new configuration for achieving spin stabilized magnetic levitation. In the classical configuration, the rotor spins about a vertical axis; the spin stabilizes the lateral instability of the top in the magnetic field. In this new configuration the rotor spins about a horizontal axis; the spin stabilizes the axial instability of the top in the magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC suspension
KW  - ROTORS
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - SPIN (Aerodynamics)
KW  - HORIZONTAL axis wind turbines
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Levitron
KW  - magnets.
KW  - stability
N1  - Accession Number: 11749404; Romero, L. A. 1; Email Address: lromero@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Applied Numerical Mathematics Division, MS 1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 63 Issue 6, p2176; Subject Term: MAGNETIC suspension; Subject Term: ROTORS; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: SPIN (Aerodynamics); Subject Term: HORIZONTAL axis wind turbines; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Levitron; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnets.; Author-Supplied Keyword: stability; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036139902406899
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dolan, Elizabeth D.
AU  - Lewis, Robert Michael
AU  - Torczon, Virginia
T1  - ON THE LOCAL CONVERGENCE OF PATTERN SEARCH.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
JF  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 583
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10526234
AB  - We examine the local convergence properties of pattern search methods, complementing the previously established global convergence properties for this class of algorithms. We show that the step-length control parameter which appears in the definition of pattern search algorithms provides a reliable asymptotic measure of first-order stationarity. This gives an analytical justification for a traditional stopping criterion for pattern search methods. Using this measure of first-order stationarity we both revisit the global convergence properties of pattern search and analyze the behavior of pattern search in the neighborhood of an isolated local minimizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Optimization is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EXAMPLE
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - desultory rate of convergence
KW  - global convergence analysis
KW  - local convergence analysis
KW  - pattern search
KW  - stopping criteria
N1  - Accession Number: 13107618; Dolan, Elizabeth D. 1; Email Address: dolan@mcs.anl.gov Lewis, Robert Michael 2; Email Address: buckaroo@math.wm.edu Torczon, Virginia 3; Email Address: va@cs.wm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Industrial Engineering and Management Sciences, Northwestern University and Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL 60439--4844  2: Department of Mathematics, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795  3: Department of Computer Science, College of William & Mary P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p567; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EXAMPLE; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: desultory rate of convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: global convergence analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: local convergence analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern search; Author-Supplied Keyword: stopping criteria; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - S1052623400374495
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Osterwald, C.R.
AU  - McMahon, T.J.
AU  - del Cueto, J.A.
T1  - Electrochemical corrosion of SnO2:F transparent conducting layers in thin-film photovoltaic modules
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We report on a degradation mechanism in thin-film photovoltaic (PV) modules activated by damp heat and voltages similar in magnitude to those generated by PV modules in power generation systems. This mechanism, which appears to be an electrochemical process involving the soda-lime glass superstrate with its conductive SnO2:F layer, can be greatly accelerated by subjecting modules to elevated temperatures and humidity, both of which increase the leakage currents between the frame and the active PV layers. Water vapor can affect the module damage in two ways: (1) by enhancing leakage currents, and (2) by entering through the module edges, it appears to promote the chemical reaction responsible for the SnO2 corrosion. Damage has been found to occur in both a-Si and CdTe modules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - Electrochemical corrosion
KW  - Leakage currents
KW  - Photovoltaics
KW  - Thin-film modules
KW  - Tin oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10504885; Osterwald, C.R.; Email Address: carl_osterwald@nrel.gov McMahon, T.J. 1 del Cueto, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 79 Issue 1, p21; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leakage currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin-film modules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00363-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Ager III, J.W.
AU  - Li, S.X.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
AU  - Lu, Hai
AU  - Schaff, William J.
T1  - Universal bandgap bowing in group-III nitride alloys
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 127
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
SN  - 00381098
AB  - The energy gaps of molecular-beam-epitaxy grown wurtzite-structure <f>In1−xAlxN</f> alloys with <f>x≤0.25</f> have been measured by absorption and photoluminescence experiments. The results are consistent with the recent discovery of a narrow bandgap of ∼0.7 eV for InN. A bowing parameter of 3 eV was determined from the composition dependence of these bandgaps. Combined with previously reported data of InGaN and GaAlN, these results show a universal relationship between the bandgap variations of group-III nitride alloys and their compositions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - 72.80.Ey
KW  - A. Semiconductors
KW  - D. Optical properties
KW  - E. Light absorption and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 10354643; Wu, J. 1,2; Email Address: jwu@1bl.gov Walukiewicz, W. 2; Email Address: w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov Yu, K.M. 2 Ager III, J.W. 2 Li, S.X. 2,3 Haller, E.E. 2,3 Lu, Hai 4 Schaff, William J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Applied Science and Technology Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 2R0200, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 127 Issue 6, p411; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 72.80.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Light absorption and reflection; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00457-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iuliucci, Robbie J.
AU  - Clawson, Jacalyn
AU  - Hu, Jain Zhi
AU  - Solum, Mark S.
AU  - Barich, Dewy
AU  - Grant, David M.
AU  - Taylor, Craig M.V.
T1  - Ring-chain tautomerism in solid-phase erythromycin A: evidence by solid-state NMR
JO  - Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 09262040
AB  - Chemical shift modeling, utilizing the DFT B3LYP/D95** method, provides the spectral assignment of the 35 visible 13C resonances from the solid-phase erythromycin A dihydrate. A new resonance at 110.8 ppm is observed in the high-resolution 13C CP/MAS spectrum upon the application of heat or sample desiccation. With the use of the dipolar-dephasing spectral editing technique, this resonance is identified as a hemiketal carbon and the alternative hypothesis, a conformational change to the anomeric carbon of the desosamine sugar, is ruled out. Hence, the formation of a cyclic hemiketal in erythromycin A while in the solid phase is proven by solid-state NMR. The principal components of the 13C chemical-shift tensor corresponding to this hemiketal are reported. This is the first measurement of hemiketal 13C principal values. The δ11 and δ22 components are unique compared to anomeric carbon values reported in the literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TAUTOMERISM
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Chemical shielding
KW  - Chemical shift
KW  - Density functional theory
KW  - Dipolar-dephasing
KW  - Erythromycin
KW  - Hemiketal
KW  - Magic-angle turning
KW  - Solid-state NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 10159308; Iuliucci, Robbie J. 1; Email Address: riuliucci@washjeff.edu Clawson, Jacalyn 2 Hu, Jain Zhi 2 Solum, Mark S. 2 Barich, Dewy 2 Grant, David M. 2 Taylor, Craig M.V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, PA 15301, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: TAUTOMERISM; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical shielding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipolar-dephasing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erythromycin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hemiketal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magic-angle turning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state NMR; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0926-2040(03)00029-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Jihyun
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Briggs, R.D.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
T1  - High temperature thermal stability of Au/Ti/WSix Schottky contacts on n-type 4H-SiC
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 47
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1345
SN  - 00381101
AB  - The thermal stability of Au/Ti/WSix contacts on 4H-SiC was examined by Auger electron spectroscopy and current–voltage measurements. The silicide-based contacts on SiC are found to exhibit improved thermal stability compared to pure W contacts. The Au/Ti/WSix contacts show a maximum Schottky barrier height of ∼1.15 eV as obtained from current–voltage (<f>I–V</f>) measurements. After 500 °C anneals, the Ti diffuses to the surface of the contact structure, followed by a Au-rich layer and finally the WSix. After 1000 °C anneals, the Ti and Au showed significant mixing. Particulates formed on the surface in the latter case were Au-rich phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - SILICON carbide
N1  - Accession Number: 9710684; Kim, Jihyun 1 Ren, F. 1; Email Address: ren@che.ufl.edu Baca, A.G. 2 Briggs, R.D. 2 Pearton, S.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 47 Issue 8, p1345; Subject Term: METAL semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00069-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrow, J.A.
AU  - Fournée, V.
AU  - Ross, A.R.
AU  - Thiel, P.A.
AU  - Shimoda, M.
AU  - Tsai, A.P.
T1  - Photoemission studies of the sputter-induced phase transformation on the Al–Cu–Fe surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 539
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The surface of a single grain icosahedral (i) Al–Cu–Fe quasicrystalline sample is studied as a function of annealing temperature using ultra-violet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS). Reflection high-energy electron diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are also performed to verify surface structure and composition. The sputtered surface shows structure and chemical composition consistent with that of β-Al–Cu–Fe cubic phase together with a sharp Fermi cut-off. With increasing annealing temperature, the surface structure and composition reverts to that of the quasicrystal. This transformation is correlated with a decrease of the spectral intensity at the Fermi level (<f>EF</f>). Analysis of the UPS spectra in the region near <f>EF</f> is performed by fitting the data with a pseudogap function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - SIMULATED annealing (Mathematics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Ion etching
KW  - Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED)
KW  - Sputtering
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
KW  - Visible and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10356542; Barrow, J.A. 1,2; Email Address: jabarrow@iastate.edu Fournée, V. 3 Ross, A.R. 4 Thiel, P.A. 1,2 Shimoda, M. 5 Tsai, A.P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 225 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: LSG2M, CNRS-UMR7584, Ecole des Mines, Parc de Saurupt, 54042 Nancy, France  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: National Institute for Material Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 539 Issue 1-3, p54; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: SIMULATED annealing (Mathematics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion etching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visible and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00746-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhong, Jianxin
AU  - Wells, Jack C.
AU  - Niu, Qian
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Dependence of surface strain on island geometry in embedded quantum-dot systems
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 539
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - L525
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Strain fields induced by embedded islands of pyramidal shape are examined using the continuum theory of elasticity with Ge/Si systems as a specific example. We show that, upon increasing spacer thickness, the decay of the strain field on the spacer surface undergoes a crossover from a non-cubic inverse power law to a cubic inverse power law. The exponent for the non-cubic inverse power law depends on island slope with a smaller exponent corresponding to a smaller slope. Additionally, the strain is nearly proportional to the island volume when the slope is large but to the island area when the slope is small. These findings reconcile several diverse predictions derived from large-scale atomistic simulations for islands of different geometries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Growth
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - Self-assembly
KW  - Surface stress
N1  - Accession Number: 10356527; Zhong, Jianxin 1; Email Address: zhongjn@ornl.gov Wells, Jack C. 1 Niu, Qian 2 Zhang, Zhenyu 3; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6355, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA  3: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 539 Issue 1-3, pL525; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface stress; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00784-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10356527&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Busse, Carsten
AU  - Langenkamp, Winfried
AU  - Polop, Celia
AU  - Petersen, Ansgar
AU  - Hansen, Henri
AU  - Linke, Udo
AU  - Feibelman, Peter J.
AU  - Michely, Thomas
T1  - Dimer binding energies on fcc(<f>1 1 1</f>) metal surfaces
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 539
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - L560
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Analysis of island density vs. temperature, observed in scanning tunneling microscopy, implies that the binding energy of a self-adsorbed dimer equals 0.11–0.12 of the cohesive energy on Ir(1 1 1), Al(1 1 1), and Pt(1 1 1). While ab initio calculations scatter around the experimental results by about 20%, field ion microscopy of Ir(1 1 1) and Pt(1 1 1) yields dimer binding energies nearly a factor of three smaller than the corresponding scanning tunneling microscopy results. On the basis of ab initio calculations, these low values are attributed to the neglect of dimer dissociation processes at step edges. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL calculus
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - Adatoms
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Iridium
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10356533; Busse, Carsten 1; Email Address: busse@physik.rwth-aachen.de Langenkamp, Winfried 1 Polop, Celia 1 Petersen, Ansgar 1 Hansen, Henri 1 Linke, Udo 2 Feibelman, Peter J. 3 Michely, Thomas 1; Affiliation:  1: I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany  2: ISG 3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1413, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 539 Issue 1-3, pL560; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL calculus; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adatoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iridium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00814-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parkhomchuk, V. V.
AU  - Reva, V. B.
AU  - Shil’tsev, V. D.
T1  - Interaction between an Intense Proton Bunch and Electron Beam in a Tevatron.
JO  - Technical Physics
JF  - Technical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 48
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1042
EP  - 1046
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637842
AB  - An electron lens is capable of producing focusing fields of controllable profile separately for proton and antiproton bunches. This makes it possible to neutralize collision effects. The pioneering experiments with this lens demonstrated that the antiproton lifetime can be reduced from several hundreds to several tens of hours. In this work, we experimentally study processes arising when a high-intensity proton bunch meets an electron beam. Two physical mechanisms that may diminish the lifetime of the antiproton bunch are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Technical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10499456; Parkhomchuk, V. V. 1 Reva, V. B. 1 Shil’tsev, V. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 11, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-0500; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 48 Issue 8, p1042; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1607478
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10499456&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Michael
AU  - Yin, An
AU  - Ryerson, Frederick J.
AU  - Kapp, Paul
AU  - Ding, Lin
T1  - Conjugate strike-slip faulting along the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone accommodates coeval east-west extension and north-south shortening in the interior of the Tibetan Plateau.
JO  - Tectonics
JF  - Tectonics
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 02787407
AB  - Geologic investigations of how the Tibetan plateau is currently deforming have focused primarily on its boundary faults. Consequently, how the interior of the plateau deforms remains poorly understood. To fill this gap in knowledge, we conducted field mapping, analysis of remote sensing and digital topographic data, and reinterpretation of existing geologic maps in central Tibet. This study reveals a 200-300 km wide and 1500-1800 km long east trending zone conjugate strike-slip faults across central Tibet. The central Tibet conjugate fault zone is comprised of northeast striking left-slip faults north of the Bangong-Nujiang suture and northwest striking right-slip faults south of the suture zone. These strike-slip faults are kinematically linked with north trending Tibetan rifts located north and south of the conjugate fault systems. Without exception, all conjugate faults intersect or merge toward one another along the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone. Motion on these faults accommodates coeval east-west extension and north-south contraction. To determine the fault kinematics and the magnitude of fault slip, we investigated three conjugate fault sets in the central Tibet fault zone. These include from east to west, the Dong Co, Bue Co, and Aishi Co conjugate fault systems, which are adjacent to the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone and separated by a distance of 400 and 70 km, respectively. The average magnitude of fault motion on individual strike-slip faults is ∼12 km as determined by offsets of Tertiary thrusts and Paleozoic-Mesozoic lithologic units. The conjugate fault configuration requires ∼12 km of north-south contraction across the 200-300 km fault zone since its initiation. Because the conjugate strike-slip faults are kinematically linked with the north trending Tibetan rifts which initiated between 14 and 8 Ma, our estimated magnitude of north-south contraction implies a contraction rate of ∼1-2 mm/yr across central Tibet. The relatively closely spaced (<150 km) basins may result from a series of conjugate strike-slip fault systems in the interior of Tibet. These structures likely formed by eastward spreading of the Tibetan crust via distributed eastward extrusion of small (<150 km wide) wedge-shaped crustal blocks that leave a space at their trailing end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tectonics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - conjugate strike-slip faults
KW  - extrusion tectonics
KW  - neotectonics
KW  - Tibet
N1  - Accession Number: 87276983; Taylor, Michael 1; Yin, An 1; Ryerson, Frederick J. 2; Kapp, Paul 1,3; Ding, Lin 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics; 2: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 3: Now at Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.; 4: Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 22 Issue 4, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: conjugate strike-slip faults; Author-Supplied Keyword: extrusion tectonics; Author-Supplied Keyword: neotectonics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tibet; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002TC001361
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miraglia, P.Q.
AU  - Preble, E.A.
AU  - Roskowski, A.M.
AU  - Einfeldt, S.
AU  - Lim, S.H.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Davis, R.F.
T1  - Helical-type surface defects in InGaN thin films epitaxially grown on GaN templates at reduced temperatures
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 437
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The surface morphologies of InGaN films grown at 780 °C by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy were determined using atomic force microscopy. A qualitative model was developed to explain the observed instabilities in the step morphology of these films, namely, the formation of hillocks and v-defects that give rise to surface roughening. V-defects, observed at a surface density greater than 2×108/cm2, are a result of interactions between moving surface steps, cores of screw-type dislocations, and two-dimensional islands of atoms that form on the terraces during growth at high surface undercooling. A delay in the formation of v-defects in InGaN to a nominal thickness of 10 nm was observed and associated with the ammonia partial pressure and the interactions between steps associated with hillock islands and cores of screw-type dislocations. Hillock formation was attributed to a transition in the thermodynamic mode of film growth, as three-dimensional islands nucleated on the cores of screw-type dislocations at a density of 2×108/cm2. Explanations for the foregoing observations are based on growth model theory previously developed by Burton, Cabrera and Frank and on changes in the surface kinetics with temperature, In composition, and gas phase composition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILMSTRIPS
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Indium gallium nitride
KW  - Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy
KW  - Surface defects
N1  - Accession Number: 10232809; Miraglia, P.Q. 1; Email Address: pmiragli@coe.neu.edu Preble, E.A. 2 Roskowski, A.M. 3 Einfeldt, S. 4 Lim, S.H. 5 Liliental-Weber, Z. 5 Davis, R.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, 147 Snell Engineering Laboratories, Northeastern University, 250 Egan Research Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695-7907, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Box 7919, Raleigh, NC 27695-7919, USA  4: Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330440, Bremen 28334, Germany  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 62y203, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 437 Issue 1/2, p140; Subject Term: FILMSTRIPS; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indium gallium nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00611-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeSanto Jr., Peter
AU  - Buttrey, Douglas J.
AU  - Grasselli, Robert K.
AU  - Lugmair, Claus G.
AU  - Volpe, Anthony F.
AU  - Toby, Brian H.
AU  - Vogt, Thomas
T1  - Structural Characterization of the Orthorhombic Phase M1 in MoVNbTeO Propane Ammoxidation Catalyst.
JO  - Topics in Catalysis
JF  - Topics in Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 38
SN  - 10225528
AB  - The structure of the orthorhombic phase in the MoVNbTeO propane ammoxidation catalyst system has been characterized and refined using a combination of TEM, synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (S-XPD), and neutron powder diffraction (NPD). This phase, designated as M1 by Ushikubo et al. [1], crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pba2 (No. 32) with a = 21.134(2) Å, b = 26.658(2) Å, and c = 4.0146(3) Å. The formula unit is Mo7.5V1.5NbTeO29. Bond valence sum calculations indicate the presence of d1 metal sites neighbored by d0 metal sites. The d1 sites are occupied by a distribution of Mo5+ and V4+, whereas the d0 sites are occupied by a distribution of Mo6+ and V5+. Out-of-center distortions in d0 octahedra are consistent with the second-order Jahn–Teller effect and lattice effects. We argue that the V5+–O–V4+/Mo5+ moieties adjacent to Te4+ and Mo6+ sites in the [001] terminal plane provide a spatially isolated active site at which the selective ammoxidation of propane occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Topics in Catalysis is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROPANE
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - acrylonitrile
KW  - ammoxidation
KW  - catalyst
KW  - channel structure
KW  - distortion
KW  - Magneli phase
KW  - mixed-metal
KW  - molybdates
KW  - MoVNbTeO
KW  - multifunctionality
KW  - out-of-center
KW  - propane
KW  - refinement
KW  - Rietveld
KW  - site isolation
N1  - Accession Number: 16823455; DeSanto Jr., Peter 1 Buttrey, Douglas J. 2; Email Address: buttrey@che.udel.edu Grasselli, Robert K. 1 Lugmair, Claus G. 3 Volpe, Anthony F. 3 Toby, Brian H. 4 Vogt, Thomas 5; Affiliation:  1: University of Delaware, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Newark, DE 19716  2: University of Delaware, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Newark, DE 19716. E-mail:  3: Symyx Technologies Inc., Catalysis Group, Santa Clara, CA 95051  4: NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8562  5: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 23 Issue 1-4, p23; Subject Term: PROPANE; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: acrylonitrile; Author-Supplied Keyword: ammoxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: catalyst; Author-Supplied Keyword: channel structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: distortion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneli phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: mixed-metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: molybdates; Author-Supplied Keyword: MoVNbTeO; Author-Supplied Keyword: multifunctionality; Author-Supplied Keyword: out-of-center; Author-Supplied Keyword: propane; Author-Supplied Keyword: refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rietveld; Author-Supplied Keyword: site isolation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radisky, Derek C.
AU  - Hirai, Yohei
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
T1  - Delivering the message: epimorphin and mammary epithelial morphogenesis
JO  - Trends in Cell Biology
JF  - Trends in Cell Biology
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 426
SN  - 09628924
AB  - The mammary gland consists of a highly branched tubular epithelium surrounded by a complex mesenchymal stroma. Epimorphin is an extracellular protein that is expressed by mammary mesenchymal cells that directs epithelial morphogenesis. Depending upon the context of presentation – polar versus apolar – epimorphin can selectively direct two key processes of tubulogenesis: branching morphogenesis (processes involved in tubule initiation and extension) and luminal morphogenesis (required for enlargement of tubule caliber). Here, we outline the fundamentals of mammary gland development and describe the function of epimorphin in these processes. We conclude with a review of recent studies that suggest similar morphogenic roles for epimorphin in other glandular organs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Cell Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAMMARY glands
KW  - EPITHELIUM
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MORPHOGENESIS
KW  - CELLS
N1  - Accession Number: 10355831; Radisky, Derek C. 1 Hirai, Yohei 2 Bissell, Mina J. 1; Email Address: mjbissell@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Osaka R&D Laboratory (Yokohama-lab), Sumitomo Electric Industries, Yokohama 244, Japan; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 13 Issue 8, p426; Subject Term: MAMMARY glands; Subject Term: EPITHELIUM; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MORPHOGENESIS; Subject Term: CELLS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0962-8924(03)00146-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, G.S.
AU  - Barton, L.L.
AU  - Thomson, B.M.
T1  - Permanganate oxidation of sorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
JO  - Waste Management
JF  - Waste Management
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 23
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 737
SN  - 0956053X
AB  - The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) that contaminate soils at many industrial and government sites are resistant to natural biotic and abiotic degradation processes. The recalcitrant nature of these compounds may require aggressive chemical treatment to effectively remediate these sites. This study was conducted to assess the viability of permanganate oxidative treatment as a method to reduce PAH concentration in contaminated soils. Study results demonstrated a reduction in soil sorbed concentration for a mixture of six PAHs that included anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, chrysene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, and pyrene by potassium permanganate (KMnO4) oxidative treatment. The greatest reduction in soil concentration was observed for benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, phenanthrene, and anthracene at 72.1, 64.2, 56.2, and 53.8%, respectively, in 30 min at a KMnO4 concentration of 160 mM. Minimal reductions in fluoranthene and chrysene concentration were observed at 13.4 and 7.8%, respectively, under the same conditions. A relative chemical reactivity order of benzo(a)pyrene>pyrene>phenanthrene>anthracene>fluoranthene>chrysene towards permanganate ion was observed. Aromatic sextet theory was applied to the degradation results to explain the highly variable and compound-specific chemical reactivity order. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Waste Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Soils
KW  - Benzopyrene
KW  - Anthracene
N1  - Accession Number: 11255605; Brown, G.S. 1,2; Email Address: gbrown@sandia.gov; Barton, L.L. 2; Thomson, B.M. 3; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; 2: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; 3: Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 23 Issue 8, p737; Thesaurus Term: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Benzopyrene; Thesaurus Term: Anthracene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0956-053X(02)00119-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maher, Katharine
AU  - DePaolo, Donald J.
AU  - Conrad, Mark E.
AU  - Serne, R. Jeff
T1  - Vadose zone infiltration rate at Hanford, Washington, inferred from Sr isotope measurements.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Sr isotope ratios were measured in the pore water, acid extracts, and sediments of a 70-m vadose zone core to obtain estimates of the long-term infiltration flux for a site in the Hanford/DOE complex in eastern Washington State. The 87Sr/86Sr values for the pore waters decrease systematically with depth, from a high value of 0.721 near the surface toward the bulk sediment average value of 0.711. Estimates of the bulk weathering rate combined with Sr isotopic data were used to constrain the long-term (century to millenial scale) natural diffuse infiltration flux for the site given both steady state and nonsteady state conditions. The models suggest that the infiltration flux for the site is 7 ± 3 mm/yr. The method shows potential for providing long-term in situ estimates of infiltration rates for deep heterogeneous vadose zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hanford
KW  - infiltration rate
KW  - Sr isotopes
KW  - vadose
N1  - Accession Number: 87144118; Maher, Katharine 1; DePaolo, Donald J. 1; Conrad, Mark E. 1; Serne, R. Jeff 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 8, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hanford; Author-Supplied Keyword: infiltration rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sr isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: vadose; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001742
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klemic, Gladys A.
AU  - Bailey, Paul
AU  - Elcock, Deborah
T1  - A New Tool for Analysis of Cleanup Criteria Decisions.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/02/Aug2003 Supplement
VL  - 85
M3  - Article
SP  - S25
EP  - S30
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Radionuclides and other hazardous materials resulting from processes used in nuclear weapons production contaminate soil, groundwater, and buildings around the United States. Cleanup criteria for environmental contaminants are agreed on prior to remediation and underpin the scope and legacy of the cleanup process. Analysis of cleanup criteria can be relevant for future agreements and may also provide insight into a complex decision making process where science and policy issues converge. An Internet accessible database has been established to summarize cleanup criteria and related factors involved in U.S. Department of Energy remediation decisions. This paper reports on a new user interface for the database that is designed to integrate related information into graphic displays and tables with interactive features that allow exploratory data analysis of cleanup criteria. Analysis of 137Cs in surface soil is presented as an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - contamination, environmental
KW  - operational topic
KW  - radionuclides
KW  - standards
N1  - Accession Number: 112165072; Klemic, Gladys A. 1; Bailey, Paul 1; Elcock, Deborah 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗ Environmental Measurements Laboratory, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 201 Varick Street, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10014-7447; † Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Assessment Division, 955 L’Enfant Plaza, SW, Suite 6000, Washington, DC 20024.; Issue Info: Aug2003 Supplement, Vol. 85, pS25; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination, environmental; Author-Supplied Keyword: operational topic; Author-Supplied Keyword: radionuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: standards; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnston, Steven W.
AU  - Crandall, Richard S.
AU  - Yelon, Arthur
T1  - Evidence of the Meyer–Neldel rule in InGaAsN alloys and the problem of determining trap capture cross sections.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/04/
VL  - 83
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 908
EP  - 910
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements have been performed on the quaternary semiconductor InGaAsN. A series of as-grown and annealed metalorganic chemical-vapor-deposited and molecular-beam-epitaxy samples with varying composition were studied. We observed a deep hole trap with activation energy ranging between 0.5 and 0.8 eV in all samples. The data clearly obey the Meyer-Neldel rule (MNR) with an isokinetic temperature of 350 K. We show that great care must be used in extracting capture cross sections (σ) from materials that obey the MNR. In fact, we argue that it is probably not possible to determine σ from the detrapping rate alone. One must measure both trapping and detrapping rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
KW  - VAPOR-plating
N1  - Accession Number: 10404928; Johnston, Steven W. 1 Crandall, Richard S. 1 Yelon, Arthur 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401  2: Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Montreal H3C 3A7, Canada; Source Info: 8/4/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 5, p908; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1596713
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baikalov, A.
AU  - Wang, Y. Q.
AU  - Shen, B.
AU  - Lorenz, B.
AU  - Tsui, S.
AU  - Sun, Y. Y.
AU  - Xue, Y. Y.
AU  - Chu, C. W.
T1  - Field-driven hysteretic and reversible resistive switch at the Ag–Pr[sub 0.7]Ca[sub 0.3]MnO[sub 3] interface.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/04/
VL  - 83
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 957
EP  - 959
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The hysteretic and reversible polarity-dependent resistive switch driven by electric pulses is studied in both Ag/Pr[SUB0.7]Ca[SUB0.3]MnO[SUB3]/Yba[SUB2]Cu[SUB3]O[SUB7] sandwiches and single-layer Pr[SUB0.7]Ca[SUB0.3]MnO[SUB3] strips. The data demonstrate that the switch takes place at the Ag-Pr[SUB0.7]Ca[SUB0.3]MnO[SUB3] interface. A model, which describes the data well, is proposed. We further suggest that electrochemical migration is the cause for the switch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - METALS
KW  - OXIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 10404911; Baikalov, A. 1 Wang, Y. Q. 1 Shen, B. 1 Lorenz, B. 1 Tsui, S. 1 Sun, Y. Y. 1 Xue, Y. Y. 1 Chu, C. W. 2,3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, 202 Houston Science Center, Houston, Texas 77204-5002  2: Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, 202 Houston Science Center, Houston, Texas 77204-5002,  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720  4: and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; Source Info: 8/4/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 5, p957; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: OXIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1590741
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cao, J.
AU  - Hao, Z.
AU  - Park, H.
AU  - Tao, C.
AU  - Kau, D.
AU  - Blaszczyk, L.
T1  - Femtosecond electron diffraction for direct measurement of ultrafast atomic motions.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/04/
VL  - 83
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1044
EP  - 1046
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have developed a femtosecond electron diffraction system capable of directly measuring the complete transient structures with atomic level detail and on 400-fs time scale in solid materials. Additionally, a diffraction image with significant signal-to-noise ratio to reveal the long-range order can be obtained with a single electron pulse of 700 fs in duration. A direct observation of ultrafast lattice expansion following the irradiation of femtosecond pulsed laser of Ag film has been demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - LASERS
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10404882; Cao, J. 1 Hao, Z. 1 Park, H. 1 Tao, C. 1 Kau, D. 1 Blaszczyk, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: 8/4/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 5, p1044; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1593831
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Lewis, Edward B.
AU  - Pfeiffer, Barret D.
AU  - Mathog, David R.
AU  - Celniker, Susan E.
T1  - Evolution of the homeobox complex in the Diptera
JO  - Current Biology
JF  - Current Biology
Y1  - 2003/08/05/
VL  - 13
IS  - 15
M3  - Editorial
SP  - R587
SN  - 09609822
N1  - Accession Number: 10505798; Lewis, Edward B. 1; Email Address: lewise@caltech.edu Pfeiffer, Barret D. 2 Mathog, David R. 1 Celniker, Susan E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  2: Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 13 Issue 15, pR587; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00520-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knize, Mark G.
AU  - Salmon, Cynthia P.
AU  - Felton, James S.
T1  - Mutagenic activity and heterocyclic amine carcinogens in commercial pet foods
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003/08/05/
VL  - 539
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Twenty-five commercial pet foods were analyzed for mutagenic activity using the Ames/Salmonella test with strain TA98 and added metabolic activation. All but one gave a positive mutagenic response. Fourteen of these samples were analyzed for heterocyclic amine mutagens/carcinogens and all but one contained 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and 10 of 14 contained 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) as analyzed by HPLC and confirmed by photodiode array peak matching. From these findings it is hypothesized that there is a connection between dietary heterocyclic amines and cancer in animals consuming these foods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Amines
KW  - Mutagenesis
KW  - Photodiodes
KW  - Carcinogen
KW  - Companion animal
KW  - Diet
KW  - Heterocyclic amine
KW  - Mutagen
KW  - Pet food
N1  - Accession Number: 10636641; Knize, Mark G.; Email Address: knizel@llnl.gov; Salmon, Cynthia P. 1; Felton, James S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 539 Issue 1/2, p195; Thesaurus Term: Amines; Subject Term: Mutagenesis; Subject Term: Photodiodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carcinogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Companion animal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic amine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pet food; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-5718(03)00164-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vocadlo, David J.
AU  - Hang, Howard C.
AU  - Eun-Ju Kim
AU  - Hanover, John A.
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
T1  - A chemical approach for identifying O-GlcNAc-modified proteins in cells.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/08/05/
VL  - 100
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 9116
EP  - 9121
SN  - 00278424
AB  - The glycosylation of serine and threonine residues with a single GIcNAc moiety is a dynamic posttranslational modification of many nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. We describe a chemical strategy directed toward identifying O-GlcNAc-modified proteins from living cells or proteins modified in vitro. We demonstrate, in vitro, that each enzyme in the hexosamine salvage pathway, and the enzymes that affect this dynamic modification (UDP-GIcNAc:polypeptidtyltransferase and O-GIcNAcase), tolerate analogues of their natural substrates in which the N-acyl side chain has been modified to bear a bio-orthogonal azide moiety. Accordingly, treatment of cells with N-azidoacetylglucosamine results in the metabolic incorporation of the azido sugar into nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. These O-azidoacetylglucosamine-modified proteins can be covalently derivatized with various biochemical probes at the site of protein glycosylation by using the Staudinger ligation. The approach was validated by metabolic labeling of nuclear pore protein p62, which is known to be posttranslationally modified with O-GIcNAc. This strategy will prove useful for both the identification of O-GIcNAc-modified proteins and the elucidation of the specific residues that bear this saccharide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLYCOSYLATION
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SERINE
N1  - Accession Number: 10786840; Vocadlo, David J. 1 Hang, Howard C. 1 Eun-Ju Kim 2 Hanover, John A. 2 Bertozzi, Carolyn R. 1,2; Email Address: bertozzi@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry  2: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California; Source Info: 8/5/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 16, p9116; Subject Term: GLYCOSYLATION; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SERINE; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moulé, Adam J.
AU  - Spence, Megan M.
AU  - Song-I Han
AU  - Seeley, Juliette A.
AU  - Pierce, Kimberly L.
AU  - Saxena, Sunil
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - Amplification of xenon NMR and MRI by remote detection.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/08/05/
VL  - 100
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 9122
EP  - 9127
SN  - 00278424
AB  - A technique is proposed in which an NMR spectrum or MRI is encoded and stored as spin polarization and is then moved to a different physical location to be detected. Remote detection allows the separate optimization of the encoding and detection steps, permitting the independent choice of experimental conditions and excitation and detection methodologies. In the initial experimental demonstration of this technique, we show that taking dilute [sup 129]Xe from a porous sample placed inside a large encoding coil and concentrating it into a smaller detection coil can amplify NMR signal. In general, the study of NMR active molecules at low concentration that have low physical filling factor is facilitated by remote detection. In the second experimental demonstration, MRI information encoded in a very low-field magnet (4-7 mT) is transferred to a high-field magnet (4.2 T) to be detected under optimized conditions. Furthermore, remote detection allows the utilization of ultrasensitive optical or superconducting quantum interference device detection techniques, which broadens the horizon of NMR experimentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - XENON
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 10786841; Moulé, Adam J. 1 Spence, Megan M. 2 Song-I Han 1 Seeley, Juliette A. 1 Pierce, Kimberly L. 1 Saxena, Sunil 3 Pines, Alexander 1; Email Address: pines@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California  2: Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh; Source Info: 8/5/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 16, p9122; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 5 Diagrams, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lichtenegger, Helga C.
AU  - Schöberl, Thomas
AU  - Ruokolainen, Janne T.
AU  - Cross, Julie O.
AU  - Heald, Steve M.
AU  - Birkedal, Henrik
AU  - Waite, J. Herbert
AU  - Stucky, Galen D.
T1  - Zinc and mechanical prowess in the jaws of Nereis, a marine worm.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/08/05/
VL  - 100
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 9144
EP  - 9149
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Higher animals typically rely on calcification to harden certain tissues such as bones and teeth. Some notable exceptions can be found in invertebrates: The fangs, teeth, and mandibles of diverse arthropod species have been reported to contain high levels of zinc. Considerable quantities of zinc also occur in the jaws of the marine polychaete worm Nereis sp. High copper levels in the polychaete worm Glycera dibranchiata recently were attributed to a copper-based biomineral reinforcing the jaws. In the present article, we attempt to unravel the role of zinc in Nereis limbata jaws, using a combination of position-resolved state-of-the-art techniques. It is shown that the local hardness and stiffness of the jaws correlate with the local zinc concentration, pointing toward a structural role for zinc. Zinc always is detected in tight correlation with chlorine, suggesting the presence of a zinc-chlorine compound. No crystalline inorganic phase was found, however, and results from x-ray absorption spectroscopy further exclude the presence of simple inorganic zinc-chlorine compounds in amorphous form. The correlation of local histidine levels in the protein matrix and zinc concentration leads us to hypothesize a direct coordination of zinc and chlorine to the protein. A comparison of the role of the transition metals zinc and copper in the jaws of two polychaete worm species Nereis and Glycera, respectively, is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC
KW  - CALCIFICATION
KW  - BONES
KW  - TEETH
N1  - Accession Number: 10786845; Lichtenegger, Helga C. 1,2; Email Address: lichtenegger@pop.tuwien.ac.at Schöberl, Thomas 3 Ruokolainen, Janne T. 4 Cross, Julie O. 5 Heald, Steve M. 5 Birkedal, Henrik 1 Waite, J. Herbert 6; Email Address: waite@lifesci.ucsb.edu Stucky, Galen D. 1; Email Address: stucky@chem.ucsb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry  2: Department of Materials Science and Testing, Vienna University of Technology  3: Erich Schmid Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences  4: Optics and Molecular Materials, Department of Engineering, Physics, and Mathematics, Helsinki University of Technology  5: Pacific Northwest Consortium Collaborative Access Team, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory  6: Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California; Source Info: 8/5/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 16, p9144; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: CALCIFICATION; Subject Term: BONES; Subject Term: TEETH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 21 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mulichak, Anne M.
AU  - Losey, Heather C.
AU  - Wei Lu
AU  - Wawrzak, Zdzislaw
AU  - Walsh, Christopher T.
AU  - Garavito, R. Michael
T1  - Structure of the TDP-epi-vancosaminyltransferase GtfA from the chloroeremomycin biosynthetic pathway.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/08/05/
VL  - 100
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 9238
EP  - 9243
SN  - 00278424
AB  - During the biosynthesis of the vancomycin-class antibiotic chloroeremomycin, TDP-epi-vancosaminyltransferase GtfA catalyzes the attachment of 4-epi-vancosamine from a TDP donor to the β-OHTyr-6 of the aglycone cosubstrate. Glycosyltransferases from this pathway are potential tools for the combinatorial design of new antibiotics that are effective against vancomycin-resistant bacterial strains. These enzymes are members of the GT-B glycosyltransferase superfamily, which share a homologous bidomain topology. We present the 2.8-Å crystal structures of GtfA complexes with vancomycin and the natural monoglycosylated peptide substrate, representing the first direct observation of acceptor substrate binding among closely related glycosyltransferases. The acceptor substrates bind to the N-terminal domain such that the aglycone substrate's reactive hydroxyl group hydrogen bonds to the side chains of Ser-10 and Asp-13, thus identifying these as residues of potential catalytic importance. As well as an open form of the enzyme, the crystal structures have revealed a closed form in which a TDP ligand is bound at a donor substrate site in the interdomain cleft, thereby illustrating not only binding interactions, but the conformational changes in the enzyme that accompany substrate binding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VANCOMYCIN
KW  - ANTIBIOTICS
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 10786861; Mulichak, Anne M. 1 Losey, Heather C. 2 Wei Lu 2 Wawrzak, Zdzislaw 3 Walsh, Christopher T. 2 Garavito, R. Michael 1; Email Address: garavito@msu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University  2: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School  3: DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 8/5/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 16, p9238; Subject Term: VANCOMYCIN; Subject Term: ANTIBIOTICS; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 11 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dumas, Paul
AU  - Miller, Lisa
T1  - The use of synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy in biological and biomedical investigations
JO  - Vibrational Spectroscopy
JF  - Vibrational Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/08/05/
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 09242031
AB  - Synchrotron radiation is a bright source of infrared (IR) photons. It has been exploited in microscopy, where much smaller areas can be probed, with sizes close to the diffraction limit. The experiments have been performed at two beamlines, one at the National Synchrotron Light Source (USA) and one at SuperACO, LURE (France). The potentiality of this microanalytical synchrotron-based technique is particularly well documented in the study of individual cells: functional groups imaging representing biochemical changes have been obtained at various states of mitosis and apoptosis. The higher spatial resolution and spectral quality achieved allows investigating biological tissues in more detail. In this work, this is exemplified in the study of human hair and skin, where, in both cases, highly localized compounds have been evidenced in specific areas of the analyzed tissues: high lipid concentration inside the hair medulla, and inside the Stratum Corneum (SC) of skin. Moreover, the lineshape and frequency position of the CH2 stretching mode indicates a highly ordered phase extending over almost all the Stratum Corneum. The penetration pathway of an external agent has been also studied for both hair and skin. It is clear that synchrotron-based infrared microspectroscopy is an extremely valuable analytical tool when determining the spatially resolved chemical composition of biological and biomedical samples. In the future, the combination of infrared microspectroscopy with other synchrotron-based microscopic techniques, such as X-ray microscopy, at the same sample location is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vibrational Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Cells
KW  - Hair
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Skin
KW  - Synchrotron
N1  - Accession Number: 10322547; Dumas, Paul 1 Miller, Lisa 2; Affiliation:  1: LURE, Bat 209D, Centre Universitaire Paris-Sud, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Building 725D, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hair; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Skin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0924-2031(03)00043-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Segal, Scott R.
AU  - Carrado, Kathleen A.
AU  - Marshall, Christopher L.
AU  - Anderson, Ken B.
T1  - Catalytic decomposition of alcohols, including ethanol, for in situ H2 generation in a fuel stream using a layered double hydroxide-derived catalyst
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2003/08/08/
VL  - 248
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - Addition of small amounts of H2 to the combustion chamber of spark ignition internal combustion (IC) engines can result in increased fuel efficiency and lower emissions. Hydrogen can be generated by decomposition of alcohols, which are now present in a large fraction of automobile fuels (reformulated gasoline). In the present study, in situ production of hydrogen by catalytic decomposition of ethanol and other alcohols over Cu/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) derived catalysts has been investigated. Reactions were performed using both neat alcohols and alcohol/fuel mixtures at temperatures of 150–400 °C and atmospheric pressure. Catalytic dehydrogenation of the neat alcohols to H2 and their corresponding aldehyde appears to be the major mechanism occurring in the reactions. The active catalytic phase is derived from the initial Cu/Al LDH structure during the process. The onset of H2 formation generally occurred at 200–230 °C, and is related to the formation of metallic Cu species formed during in situ modification of the initial LDH. In alcohol/fuel mixtures, dehydrogenation of the alcohols also appeared to be the major mechanism. Significant irreversible catalyst deactivation occurred above 350–360 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - Catalytic decomposition
KW  - Fuel stream
KW  - Hydrogen generation
KW  - Layered double hydroxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10426199; Segal, Scott R. 1 Carrado, Kathleen A. 1 Marshall, Christopher L. 2 Anderson, Ken B. 1; Email Address: kbanderson@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 248 Issue 1/2, p33; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: GASOLINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalytic decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel stream; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered double hydroxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0926-860X(03)00132-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mo, H.
AU  - Taub, H.
AU  - Volkmann, U.G.
AU  - Pino, M.
AU  - Ehrlich, S.N.
AU  - Hansen, F.Y.
AU  - Lu, E.
AU  - Miceli, P.
T1  - A novel growth mode of alkane films on a SiO2 surface
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/08/
VL  - 377
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Synchrotron X-ray specular scattering measurements confirm microscopically a structural model recently inferred by very-high-resolution ellipsometry of a solid dotriacontane (<f>n</f>-C32H66 or C32) film formed by adsorption from solution onto a SiO2 surface. Sequentially, one or two layers adsorb on the SiO2 surface with the long-axis of the C32 molecules oriented parallel to the interface followed by a C32 monolayer with the long-axis perpendicular to it. Finally, preferentially oriented bulk particles nucleate having two different crystal structures. This growth model differs from that found previously for shorter alkanes deposited from the vapor phase onto solid surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - VAPORS
N1  - Accession Number: 10427103; Mo, H. 1 Taub, H. 1; Email Address: taubh@missouri.edu Volkmann, U.G. 2 Pino, M. 2 Ehrlich, S.N. 3 Hansen, F.Y. 4 Lu, E. 1 Miceli, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy and University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA  2: Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile  3: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, IK 207 DTU, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 377 Issue 1/2, p99; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: VAPORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01106-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Lishan
AU  - Lee, Lin
AU  - Kudlow, Brian A.
AU  - Dos Santos, Heloisa G.
AU  - Sletvold, Olav
AU  - Shafeghati, Yousef
AU  - Botha, Eleanor G.
AU  - Garg, Abhimanyu
AU  - Hanson, Nancy B.
AU  - Martin, George M.
AU  - Mian, I. Saira
AU  - Kennedy, Brian K.
AU  - Oshima, Junko
T1  - LMNA mutations in atypical Werner's syndrome.
JO  - Lancet
JF  - Lancet
Y1  - 2003/08/09/
VL  - 362
IS  - 9382
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
PB  - Lancet
SN  - 00995355
AB  - Background Werner's syndrome is a progeroid syndrome  caused by mutations at the WRN helicase locus. Some  features of this disorder are also present in laminopathies  caused by mutant LMNA encoding nuclear lamin A/C.  Because of this similarity, we sequenced LMNA in individuals  with atypical Werner's syndrome (wild-type WRN).  Methods Of 129 index patients referred to our international  registry for molecular diagnosis of Werner's syndrome,  26 (20%) had wildtype WRN coding regions and were  categorised as having atypical Werner's syndrome on the  basis of molecular criteria. We sequenced all exons of LMNA  in these individuals. Mutations were confirmed at the mRNA  level by RT-PCR sequencing. In one patient in whom an LMNA  mutation was detected and fibroblasts were available, we  established nuclear morphology and subnuclear localisation.  Findings In four (15%) of 26 patients with atypical Werner's syndrome, we noted heterozygosity for novel missense  mutations in LMNA, specifically A57P, R133L (in two people),  and L140R. The mutations altered relatively conserved  residues within lamin A/C. Fibroblasts from the patient with  the L140R mutation had a substantially enhanced proportion  of nuclei with altered morphology and mislocalised lamins.  Individuals with atypical Werner's syndrome with mutations in  LMNA had a more severe phenotype than did those with the  disorder due to mutant WRN.  Interpretation Our findings indicate that Werner's syndrome  is molecularly heterogeneous, and a subset of the disorder  can be judged a laminopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Lancet is the property of Lancet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WERNER'S syndrome
KW  - SYNDROMES
KW  - PROGERIA
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - DISEASES
N1  - Accession Number: 10493431; Chen, Lishan 1 Lee, Lin 1 Kudlow, Brian A. 2 Dos Santos, Heloisa G. 3 Sletvold, Olav 4 Shafeghati, Yousef 5 Botha, Eleanor G. 6 Garg, Abhimanyu 7 Hanson, Nancy B. 1 Martin, George M. 1,8 Mian, I. Saira 9 Kennedy, Brian K. 8 Oshima, Junko 1; Email Address: picard@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA  2: Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA  3: Medical Genetics Service, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal  4: Section of Geriatrics, St Olav Hospital, Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway  5: University of Welfare Science and Rehabilitation, Teheran, Iran  6: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA  7: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA  8: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA  9: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: 8/9/2003, Vol. 362 Issue 9382, p440; Subject Term: WERNER'S syndrome; Subject Term: SYNDROMES; Subject Term: PROGERIA; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: DISEASES; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4738
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Boer, J.
AU  - Halpern, M.B.
AU  - Helfgott, C.
T1  - Twisted Einstein Tensors and Orbifold Geometry.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 18
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3489
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Following recent advances in the local theory of current-algebraic orbifolds, we study various geometric properties of the general WZW orbifold, the general coset orbifold and a large class of (nonlinear) sigma model orbifolds. Phase-space geometry is emphasized for the WZW orbifolds — while for the sigma model orbifolds we construct the corresponding sigma model orbifold action, which includes the previously-known general WZW orbifold action and general coset orbifold action as special cases. We focus throughout on the twisted Einstein tensors with diagonal monodromy, including the twisted Einstein metric, the twisted B field and the twisted torsion field of each orbifold sector. Finally, we present strong evidence for a conjectured set of twisted Einstein equations which should describe those sigma model orbifolds in this class which are also one-loop conformal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Orbifolds
KW  - Phase space (Statistical physics)
KW  - Einstein field equations
KW  - conformal field theory
KW  - Current algebra
KW  - Einstein equations
KW  - orbifolds
N1  - Accession Number: 10755866; De Boer, J. 1; Email Address: jdeboer@science.uva.nl; Halpern, M.B. 2; Email Address: halpern@physics.berkeley.edu; Helfgott, C. 2; Email Address: helfgott@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2: Department of Physics, University of California and Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, USA; Issue Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 20, p3489; Subject Term: Orbifolds; Subject Term: Phase space (Statistical physics); Subject Term: Einstein field equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: conformal field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Einstein equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: orbifolds; Number of Pages: 65p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suderow, H.
AU  - Rodrigo, J. G.
AU  - Martinez-Samper, P.
AU  - Vieira, S.
AU  - Brison, J. P.
AU  - Lejay, P.
AU  - Canfield, P. C.
AU  - Lee, S. I.
AU  - Tajima, S.
T1  - Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy in Anisotropic s-Wave Superconductors.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3300
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We discuss Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy (STM/S) measurements at very low temperatures in single crystals of the non magnetic borocarbide superconductors RNi[sub 2]B[sub 2]C (R=Y, Lu, T[sub c]=15.5 and 16.5 K) and in MgB[sub 2]. The tunneling spectra in some regions of the surface show a clear reduction of the anisotropy of the superconducting gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOROCARBIDE superconductors
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - STM
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - very low temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 10849467; Suderow, H. 1 Rodrigo, J. G. 1 Martinez-Samper, P. 1 Vieira, S. 1 Brison, J. P. 2 Lejay, P. 2 Canfield, P. C. 3 Lee, S. I. 4 Tajima, S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.  2: Centre des Recherches sur les Très Basses Températures CNRS, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.  3: Ames Laboratory and Departament of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.  4: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, 1-10-13, Shinonome, Koto-ku Tokyo, 135-0062 Japan.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3300; Subject Term: BOROCARBIDE superconductors; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: STM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: very low temperatures; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jian-xin Zhu, D. M.
AU  - Balatsky, A. V.
AU  - Jun Sun
AU  - Qimiao Si, A. V.
T1  - Effects of Magnetic Collective Modes in the Tunneling Spectra of High-T[sub c] Superconductors.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3473
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - High-energy spin collective modes are often observed in inelastic neutron scattering experiments for high-temperature superconductors. Motivated by the recent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) observation of the "checkerboard" pattern in the tunneling conductance in superconducting Bi[sub 2]Sr[sub 2]CaCu[sub 2]O[sub 8+δ], we study the effects of these high-energy dynamic spin collective modes on the local density of states (LDOS). Unlike other scenarios recently proposed, we do not assume the pinning of the collective mode. The exchange coupling between the superconducting electrons and the collective modes produces high energy peaks in the LDOS. The spatial dependence of the LDOS at high resonant energy suggests a possible detection of resonant magnetic mode with the STM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - electronic structure
KW  - High-
KW  - magnetic excitation mode
N1  - Accession Number: 10849433; Jian-xin Zhu, D. M. 1 Balatsky, A. V. 1 Jun Sun 2 Qimiao Si, A. V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS B262, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rice University, Houston.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3473; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic excitation mode; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasan, M. Z.
AU  - Chuang, Y.-D.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Montano, P.
AU  - Beno, M.
AU  - Hussain, Z.
AU  - Eisaki, H.
AU  - Uchida, S.
AU  - Gog, I.
AU  - Casa, D. M.
T1  - Direct Spectroscopic Evidence of Holons in a Quantum Antiferromagnetic Spin-1/2 Chain.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3479
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We report charge dynamics of a quantum spin-1/2 chain (SrCuO[sub 2]) over the complete Brillouin zone using the momentum tunability of inelastic X-ray scattering. Excitations at the insulating gap edge are found to be highly dispersive. Observed dispersions are consistent with charge fluctuations involving holons unique to 1-D spin-1/2 quantum systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - BRILLOUIN zones
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - correlated electrons
KW  - Holon
KW  - inelastic x-ray scattering
KW  - Mott insulators
KW  - Resonant
N1  - Accession Number: 10849432; Hasan, M. Z. 1,2 Chuang, Y.-D. 1,3 Li, Y. 1 Montano, P. 4 Beno, M. 4 Hussain, Z. 3 Eisaki, H. 5 Uchida, S. 6 Gog, I. 7 Casa, D. M. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Joseph Henry Laboratories Princeton University, Princeton.  2: Princeton Center for Complex Materials Research Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton.  3: Advanced Light Source, Laurence-Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley.  4: BESRC-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne.  5: Nanoelectronic Research Center, National Center for Adv. Indus. Sci. and Tech. Tsukuba.  6: Department of Superconductivity, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku.  7: Complex Materials Consortium CAT, Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3479; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: BRILLOUIN zones; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: correlated electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holon; Author-Supplied Keyword: inelastic x-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mott insulators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rathnayaka, K. D. D.
AU  - Naugle, D. G.
AU  - A. C. Dumar, D. G.
AU  - Anatska, M. P.
AU  - Canfield, P. C.
T1  - Transport Properties and Upper Critical Field of Single Crystal Non-Magnetic Lu[sub x]Y[sub 1-x]Ni[sub 2]B[sub 2]C and Magnetic Lu[sub x]Gd[sub 1-x]Ni[sub 2]B[sub 2]C.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3493
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - The in-plane resistance of single crystal non-magnetic Lu[sub x]Y[sub 1-x]Ni[sub 2]B[sub 2]C and magnetic Lu[sub x]Gd[sub 1-x]Ni[sub 2]B[sub 2]C samples as a function of the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field and temperature have been measured. The superconducting upper critical field H[sub c2](T) is anisotropic for both. A positive curvature in H[sub c2](T) near T[sub c](x) is clearly observed only for the non-magnetic impurity. At low temperature H[sub c2](T) for the sample with magnetic impurities is strongly reduced. Thermopower, thermal conductivity and resistivity as a function of temperature are also reported for Lu[sub x]Gd[sub 1-x]Ni[sub 2]B[sub 2]C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUTETIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Rare-earth Nickel Borocarbides
KW  - transport properties
KW  - upper critical field
N1  - Accession Number: 10849430; Rathnayaka, K. D. D. 1 Naugle, D. G. 1 A. C. Dumar, D. G. 1 Anatska, M. P. 1 Canfield, P. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Texas A & M University, College Station.  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics, Iowa State University Ames.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3493; Subject Term: LUTETIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare-earth Nickel Borocarbides; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: upper critical field; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krusin-Elbaum, L.
AU  - Shibauchi, T.
AU  - Mielke, C.H.
T1  - Field Anisotropy of the Pseudogap State in Bi[sub 2]Sr[sub 2]CaCu[sub 2]O[sub 8+y] Ultrahigh Magnetic Fields.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3598
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - The orientational anisotropy of the pseudogap closing field H[sub pg] is investigated in magnetic fields up to 60 T applied parallel (||ab) and normal (||c) to CuO[sub 2] planes in Bi[sub 2]Sr[sub 2]CaCu[sub 2]O[sub 8+y]. We find that, in contrast to large field anisotropy related to the orbital motion of Cooper pairs below the upper critical field H[sub c2], the temperature-independent and small anisotropy of H[sub pg] is due to anisotropy of the g-factor: [formula], indicating correlations only in the spin-channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - anisotropy
KW  - interlayer tunneling
KW  - phase diagram
KW  - Pseudogap
N1  - Accession Number: 10849410; Krusin-Elbaum, L. 1; Email Address: krusin@us.ibm.com Shibauchi, T. 2; Email Address: shiba@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp Mielke, C.H. 3; Email Address: cmielke@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: IBM T. J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA.  2: Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3598; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: interlayer tunneling; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudogap; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miyakawa, N.
AU  - Tokiwa, K.
AU  - Mikusu, S.
AU  - Zasadzinski, J.F.
AU  - Ozyuzer, L.
AU  - Ishihara, T.
AU  - Kaneko, T.
AU  - Watanabe, T.
AU  - Gray, K.E.
T1  - Tunneling Studies of Multilayered Superconducting Cuprate (Cu,C)Ba[sub 2]Ca[sub 3]Cu[sub 4]O[sub 12+δ].
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3612
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - Point contact tunneling data are reported in a multilayered high-T[sub c] cuprate (Cu,C)Ba[sub 2]Ca[sub 3]Cu[sub 4]O[sub 12+δ] with T[sub c] = 117 K. The tunneling spectra in the superconducting state (T ≪ T[sub c]) display spectral features such as well-defined superconducting gap peak at ±Δ as well as dip-hump structures beyond the peaks. In some cases, the spectra with two-gaps have been observed, indicating the coexistence of two inequivalent superconducting layers. The statistical distribution of superconducting gap magnitude suggests two distinct kinds of superconducting gaps that may originate from two inequivalent CuO[sub 2] planes, a characteristics of multilayered cuprates with n ≥ 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - inhomogeneity
KW  - Multilayered high-
KW  - tunneling spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10849407; Miyakawa, N. 1; Email Address: miyakawa@rs.suwa.tus.ac.jp Tokiwa, K. 2,3 Mikusu, S. 2 Zasadzinski, J.F. 4,5 Ozyuzer, L. 6 Ishihara, T. 7 Kaneko, T. 7 Watanabe, T. 2,3 Gray, K.E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanics and Systems Design, Tokyo University of Science Suwa, 5000-1 Toyohira, Chino, Nagano 391-0292, Japan.  2: Department of Applied Electronics, Tokyo University of Science Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.  3: CREST of JST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.  4: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  5: Physics Division, illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.  6: Department of Physics, Izmir Institute of Technology, TR-35437 Izmir, Turkey.  7: Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka Tokyo 162-8601. Japan.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3612; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: inhomogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayered high-; Author-Supplied Keyword: tunneling spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wada, S.
AU  - Mito, T.
AU  - Koyama, T.
AU  - Kobayashi, T.C.
AU  - Muramatsu, T.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Transport, AC-Susceptibility and PQR Measurements of Strongly Electron Correlated Compound YbInCu[sub 4] at High Pressures.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3661
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We have investigated physical properties of the valence fluctuating compound YbInCu[sub 4] at high pressures and low temperatures. The first-order valence transition temperature T[sub V] ~ 42 K at ambient pressure is completely suppressed for pressures above 2.49 GPa. Present electrical resistivity data in the pressure-stabilized high-temperature (HT) phase exhibit successive shoulders at around 20 and 2.4 K. The former can reasonably be compared with the Kondo temperature T[sub K] ~ 25 K estimated from the static-susceptibility data at ambient pressure. For pressures above 2.27 GPa, the ac-susceptibility showed a clear peak at 2.4 K, which can be explained as the onset of a long-range ferromagnetic ordering. [sup 63]Cu pure-quadrupole-resonance in the HT phase showed that the value of spin-lattice relaxation time T[sub 1] and the almost T-independent behavior are hardly affected with pressure up to 1.3 GPa, in contrast to the large increase in quadrupole frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER compounds
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - heavy fermion
KW  - high pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 10849399; Wada, S. 1,2 Mito, T. 1,2 Koyama, T. 1,2 Kobayashi, T.C. 3 Muramatsu, T. 3 Sarrao, J.L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Departmen of Material Science, Graduate School of Science & Technology.  2: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kobe University Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.  3: Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science University Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K 764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3661; Subject Term: COPPER compounds; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: high pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oomi, G.
AU  - Matsuda, N.
AU  - Kagayama, T.
AU  - Cho, C.K.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Electronic Properties of Magnetic Superconductor HoNi[sub 2]B[sub 2]C Under High Pressure.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3664
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - The electrical resistivity of single crystalline HoNi[sub 2]B[sub 2]C has been measured at high pressure and magnetic fields. The three anomalies in the magnetoresistance due to metamagnetic transitions are observed both at ambient and high pressures. It is found that the metamagnetic transition fields increase with increasing pressure. The temperature dependence of electrical resistivity is strongly dependent on magnetic field. Non Fermi liquid behavior is observed near the metamagnetic transition fields. But the normal Fermi liquid behavior recovers after completing the phase transition. The Grüneisen parameters are also calculated to examine the stability of electronic state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - FERMI liquids
KW  - High pressure
KW  - non-Fermi liquid
KW  - superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 10849398; Oomi, G. 1; Email Address: oomi@rc.kyushu-u.ac.jp Matsuda, N. 2 Kagayama, T. 2 Cho, C.K. 3 Canfield, P.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Kyushu Univ., Ropponmatsu, Fukuoka, 810-8560, Japan.  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Matrials Science, Kumamoto univ., Kumamoto.  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State Univ., Iowa, NM 50011, USA.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3664; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: FERMI liquids; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-Fermi liquid; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconductivity; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Kijoon H.P.
AU  - Jung, C.U.
AU  - Heon-Jung Kim
AU  - Min-Seok Park, C.U.
AU  - Mun-Seog Kim
AU  - Kyung Hee Kim, C.U.
AU  - Sung-Ik Lee
AU  - Kim, K.H.
AU  - Betts, J.B.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
AU  - Boebinger, G.S.
T1  - Origin of Diversified Transport Properties of MgB[sub 2].
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3672
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We investigated the transport properties of MgB[sub 2] while changing the contents of excess Mg. The samples containing almost no excess Mg showed the highest T[sub c] and the sharpest transition width (ΔT[sub c]). A residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of ~ 5.8, and a magnetoresistance (MR) of 12%, at 40 K, were obtained for this stoichiometric sample. Moreover, no upturn of resistivity in a low temperature region at 10 Tesla was observed. However, the samples containing appreciable amounts of excess Mg showed quite different behaviors; the values of ΔT[sub c], RRR and MR were much larger. Surprisingly, big upturn appeared in this Mg-excess MgB[sub 2] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - excess Mg
KW  - RRR
N1  - Accession Number: 10849397; Kim, Kijoon H.P. 1 Jung, C.U. 1 Heon-Jung Kim 1 Min-Seok Park, C.U. 1 Mun-Seog Kim 1 Kyung Hee Kim, C.U. 1 Sung-Ik Lee 1 Kim, K.H. 2 Betts, J.B. 2 Jaime, M. 2 Lacerda, A.H. 2 Boebinger, G.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Creative Research initiative Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.  2: NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3672; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: excess Mg; Author-Supplied Keyword: RRR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Demsar, Jure
AU  - Averitt, Richard D.
AU  - Taylor, Antoinette J.
AU  - Won-Nam Kang, Antoinette J.
AU  - Heon Jung Kim, Antoinette J.
AU  - Eun-Mi Choi
AU  - Sung-Ik Lee
T1  - Photoinduced Conductivity Dynamics Studies of MgB[sub 2] Thin Films.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 18-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3675
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We present the first direct studies of photoinduced Cooper-pair breaking and subsequent superconducting state recovery dynamics by means of femtosecond time-resolved optical-pump terahertz probe spectroscopy focusing on the superconducting state recovery dynamics in MgB[sub 2]. The superconducting state recovery proceeds on the timescale of several hundred picoseconds and shows a strong temperature dependence. In particular, upon increasing the temperature the recovery time first decreases, reaches a minimum, followed by a quasi-divergence upon further increasing the temperature towards T[sub c]. Moreover, the recovery time shows virtually no intensity dependence, even though the photoexcitation fluence is changed by over an order of magnitude. This suggests that pair recovery is goverend by a phonon-bottleneck mechanism, where the lifetime of high energy phonons (ℏω > 2Δ) is governed by their anharmonicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - terahertz spectroscopy
KW  - time-resolved spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10849396; Demsar, Jure 1 Averitt, Richard D. 1 Taylor, Antoinette J. 1 Won-Nam Kang, Antoinette J. 2 Heon Jung Kim, Antoinette J. 2 Eun-Mi Choi 2 Sung-Ik Lee 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National laboratory, MS K764, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA.  2: National Creative Research initiative Center for Superconductivity, Department of Physics Pohang university of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea.; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 18-20, p3675; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: PHONONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: terahertz spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: time-resolved spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fukuda, Y.
AU  - Yamakawa, K.
AU  - Akahane, Y.
AU  - Aoyama, M.
AU  - Inoue, N.
AU  - Ueda, H.
AU  - Abdallah Jr., J.
AU  - Csanak, G.
AU  - Faenov, A.Ya.
AU  - Magunov, A.I.
AU  - Pikuz, T.A.
AU  - Skobelev, I.Yu.
AU  - Boldarev, A.S.
AU  - Gasilov, V.A.
T1  - X-ray Study of Microdroplet Plasma Formation under the Action of Superintense Laser Radiation.
JO  - JETP Letters
JF  - JETP Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 78
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00213640
AB  - We have measured the X-ray emission spectra of a plasma generated by laser radiation with an intensity above 10[sup 19]W/cm[sup 2] and a pulse duration of 30 fs acting upon an argon jet target with a large abundance of micron-sized clusters. The time variation of the X-ray yield from ions of various multiplicities, calculated within the framework of a nonstationary kinetic model, shows a good qualitative agreement with the experimental time-integrated spectrum. © 2003 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of JETP Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARGON
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 10937405; Fukuda, Y. 1 Yamakawa, K. 1 Akahane, Y. 1 Aoyama, M. 1 Inoue, N. 1 Ueda, H. 1 Abdallah Jr., J. 2 Csanak, G. 2 Faenov, A.Ya. 3 Magunov, A.I. 3; Email Address: misdc@vniiftri.ru Pikuz, T.A. 3 Skobelev, I.Yu. 3 Boldarev, A.S. 4 Gasilov, V.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Kyoto, Japan  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA  3: Center for Data on Multicharged Ion Spectra, All-Russia Research Institute of Physicotechnical and Radioelectronic Measurements, Mendeleevo, Moscow region, Russia  4: Institute of Mathematical Modeling, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: 8/10/2003, Vol. 78 Issue 3, p115; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1618874
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hewett, Dennis W.
T1  - Fragmentation, merging, and internal dynamics for PIC simulation with finite size particles
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 189
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 390
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Components of a new type of “smart PIC” algorithm, intended to bridge the gap between Eulerian fluid regimes and kinetic regimes, are developed. Enlarging the scope of PIC, the CPK method (Complex Particle Kinetic) concept uses an ensemble of small, fluid-like macro-particles to represent particle distributions in phase space. These macro-particles are Gaussian-shaped in both position and velocity compared to the phase-space delta functions used in standard PIC and the spatial “sugar cube” particles used in an early version of this model . Time evolution is modeled by a combination of the Lagrangian motion and internal evolution within each individual macro-particle. An analytic term is added to each particle’s shape that represents internal evolution consistent with the collisionless, free-streaming of each macro-particle. Collision-dominated, <f>γ</f>-law gas internal evolution is also developed to define the opposite limit of collisionality. Similar to our initial effort, macro-particles are aggressively fragmented in phase space to probe for emerging kinetic features and aggressively merged, for economy, if interesting features fail to materialize. With CPK, fragmentation in both position and velocity space can be accomplished without loss of significant phase space information. Fragmentation preserves the kinetic capabilities of PIC; merging dramatically shrinks the number of particles in non-kinetic or collisional regions. In collision-dominated regimes, merging naturally produces a few Lagrangian particles that act much as nodes in Free-Lagrangian hydrodynamics. The only interaction between neutral particles is through merging; no mesh-dependent pressure gradients are needed. Finally, a linked-list data structure significantly reduces time spent “sorting” nearest neighbors for potential merging—and should lead to straightforward MPP operation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PHASE space (Statistical physics)
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
N1  - Accession Number: 10353183; Hewett, Dennis W. 1; Email Address: hewett1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: AX-Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 189 Issue 2, p390; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PHASE space (Statistical physics); Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00225-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, T.M.
AU  - Urbatsch, T.J.
AU  - Lichtenstein, H.
AU  - Morel, J.E.
T1  - A residual Monte Carlo method for discrete thermal radiative diffusion
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 189
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Residual Monte Carlo methods reduce statistical error at a rate of <f>exp(−bN)</f>, where <f>b</f> is a positive constant and <f>N</f> is the number of particle histories. Contrast this convergence rate with <f>1/√ of <RCD>N</RCD></f>, which is the rate of statistical error reduction for conventional Monte Carlo methods. Thus, residual Monte Carlo methods hold great promise for increased efficiency relative to conventional Monte Carlo methods. Previous research has shown that the application of residual Monte Carlo methods to the solution of continuum equations, such as the radiation transport equation, is problematic for all but the simplest of cases. However, the residual method readily applies to discrete systems as long as those systems are monotone, i.e., they produce positive solutions given positive sources. We develop a residual Monte Carlo method for solving a discrete 1D non-linear thermal radiative equilibrium diffusion equation, and we compare its performance with that of the discrete conventional Monte Carlo method upon which it is based. We find that the residual method provides efficiency gains of many orders of magnitude. Part of the residual gain is due to the fact that we begin each timestep with an initial guess equal to the solution from the previous timestep. Moreover, fully consistent non-linear solutions can be obtained in a reasonable amount of time because of the effective lack of statistical noise. We conclude that the residual approach has great potential and that further research into such methods should be pursued for more general discrete and continuum systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - HEAT equation
N1  - Accession Number: 10353191; Evans, T.M.; Email Address: tme@lanl.gov Urbatsch, T.J. 1 Lichtenstein, H. 1 Morel, J.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: CCS–4, MS D409, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 189 Issue 2, p539; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00233-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitsui, T.
AU  - Rose, M.K.
AU  - Fomin, E.
AU  - Ogletree, D.F.
AU  - Salmeron, M.
T1  - Hydrogen adsorption and diffusion on Pd(1 1 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08/10/
VL  - 540
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The adsorption, diffusion and ordering of hydrogen on Pd(1 1 1) was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy in the temperature range of 37–90 K. At low coverage isolated hydrogen atoms were observed. They formed <f>√3×√3</f>-1H islands as the coverage increased. Above 1/3 monolayer (ML) coverage areas of a new phase with <f>√3×√3</f>-2H structure were formed, with both structures coexisting between 1/3 and 2/3 ML. Finally a 1 × 1 structure was formed after high exposures of hydrogen above 50 K, with a coverage close to 1 ML. Atomically resolved images reveal that H binds to fcc hollow sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - and topography
KW  - Hydrogen atom
KW  - Hydrogen molecule
KW  - morphology
KW  - Palladium
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface diffusion
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10356566; Mitsui, T. 1 Rose, M.K. 1,2 Fomin, E. 1,2 Ogletree, D.F. 1 Salmeron, M. 1; Email Address: salmeron@stm.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 540 Issue 1, p5; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen atom; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen molecule; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00822-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hai Lu
AU  - Schaff, William J.
AU  - Eastman, Lester F.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Walukiewicz, Wladek
AU  - Cimalla, Volker
AU  - Ambacher, Oliver
T1  - Growth of a-plane InN on r-plane sapphire with a GaN buffer by molecular-beam epitaxy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 83
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1136
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report heteroepitaxial growth of InN on r-plane sapphire substrates with an AlN nucleation layer and GaN buffer using plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. The InN film was identified to be nonpolar (1120) a-plane which follows the a-plane GaN buffer. Optical absorption and photoluminescence measurements of this material show that InN has a fundamental band gap of about 0.7 eV, which is also seen for growth on c-plane sapphire. The room-temperature Hall mobility of undoped a-plane InN is around 250 cm[sup 2]/V s with a carrier concentration around 6×10[sup 18] cm[sup -3]. We also studied the electrical properties of the a-plane InN as a function of film thickness. In contrast to c-plane InN grown on c-plane sapphire, we did not observe apparent improvement of electrical properties of a-plane InN by growing thicker films. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
N1  - Accession Number: 10465401; Hai Lu 1; Email Address: hl225@cornell.edu Schaff, William J. 1 Eastman, Lester F. 1 Wu, J. 2 Walukiewicz, Wladek 2 Cimalla, Volker 3 Ambacher, Oliver 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  3: Center for Micro- and Nanotechnologies, Technical University Ilmenau; Source Info: 8/11/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 6, p1136; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599634
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swift, Damian C.
AU  - Ackland, Graeme J.
T1  - Quantum mechanical predictions of nonscalar equations of state and nonmonotonic elastic stress-strain relations.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 83
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1151
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In continuum mechanics, the isotropic part of the stress deviator (mean pressure) is routinely assumed to depend on the isotropic part of the strain deviator (compression). This assumption was tested using ab initio quantum mechanical calculations of elastic stress as a function of elastic strain and compression. Except for face-centered-cubic elements, the mean pressure varied significantly with shear strain as well as compression. In general, the shear stress did not increase monotonically with elastic shear strain. These phenomena may be important when comparing experimental data obtained on different time scales, particularly when interpreting dynamic response data from short-pulse laser experiments. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 10465396; Swift, Damian C. 1,2; Email Address: dswift@lanl.gov Ackland, Graeme J. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh; Source Info: 8/11/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 6, p1151; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klie, R.F.
AU  - Browning, N.D.
AU  - Chowdhuri, A. Roy
AU  - Takoudis, C.G.
T1  - Analysis of ultrathin SiO[sub 2] interface layers in chemical vapor deposition of Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] on Si by in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 83
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1187
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The development of Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] as an alternative gate dielectric for microelectronic applications depends on the ability to grow a high-quality nanoscale thin film that forms an atomically abrupt interface with Si. Here, the combination of in situ Z-contrast imaging, electron energy loss spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of amorphous Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition shows that excess oxygen incorporated into the film routinely reacts with the Si substrate to form an amorphous SiO[sub 2] interface layer during postdeposition annealing. The intrinsic oxygen-rich environment of all films grown by such techniques and the necessity of postdeposition processing in device applications implies that control and optimization of the SiO[sub 2] interface layers could be of utmost interest for high-κ dielectric stacked structures. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DIELECTRIC devices
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 10465384; Klie, R.F. 1; Email Address: klie@bnl.gov Browning, N.D. 2 Chowdhuri, A. Roy 3 Takoudis, C.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California-Davis  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago; Source Info: 8/11/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 6, p1187; Subject Term: DIELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1597415
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caughman, J.B.O.
AU  - Baylor, L.R.
AU  - Guillorn, M.A.
AU  - Merkulov, V.I.
AU  - Lowndes, D.H.
AU  - Allard, L.F.
T1  - Growth of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers by low-pressure inductively coupled plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 83
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1207
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) have been grown using a low-pressure, plasma-enhanced, chemical vapor deposition process. The nanofibers are grown from a nickel catalyst that can be patterned to form arrays of individual, isolated VACNFs. The fibers are grown at pressures below 100 mTorr, using an inductively coupled plasma source with a radio-frequency bias on the sample substrate to allow for independent control of the ion energies. Plasma conditions are related to growth results by comparing optical emission from the plasma to the physical structure of the nanofibers. We find that the ratio of etching species in the plasma to depositing species is critical to the final shape of the carbon structures that are formed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 10465377; Caughman, J.B.O. 1; Email Address: caughmanjb@ornl.gov Baylor, L.R. 1 Guillorn, M.A. 1 Merkulov, V.I. 1 Lowndes, D.H. 1 Allard, L.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge; Source Info: 8/11/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 6, p1207; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1597981
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shengfeng Liu
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of the New Intermetallic Compounds SrPdTl[sub 2] and SrPtTl[sub 2].
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 42
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4898
EP  - 4901
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The title compounds have been synthesized and characterized structurally and through property measurements and electronic structure calculations. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the two compounds crystallize in an orthorhombic system, MgCuAI[sub 2] type (Cmcm, Z = 4, a = 4.486(2), 4.491(3) Å, b = 10.991(5), 10.990(6) Å, c = 8.154(1), 8.140(4) Å for SrPdTI[sub 2], and SrPtTI[sub 2], respectively). The structure can be directly derived from that of hexagonal SrTl[sub 2] (CaIn[sub 2] type) in which four-bonded thallium atoms in shared puckered hexagons generate tunnels. The Pd or Pt is encapsulated (with symmetry reduction) on the side of each tunnel within a distorted trigonal prism. Band structure calculations (EHTB) on both SrTI[sub 2] and SrPdTI[sub 2] demonstrate the effects of the conversion, with strong Pd-TI bonding and appreciable electron transfer from TI to Pd. Property measurements show that SrPdTl[sub 2] is metallic, as expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 10735407; Shengfeng Liu 1 Corbett, John D. 1; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University; Source Info: 8/11/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 16, p4898; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corbett, John D.
AU  - Leon-Escamilla, E.-Alejandro
T1  - Role of hydrogen in stabilizing new hydride phases or altering old ones
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 356-357
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The role of hydrogen impurities in many of the more active metals in the formation of ternary compounds has often not been considered or recognized when these reactants do not contain significant metal hydride phases. This is a particular problem because most phase identifications or structure determinations have traditionally depended on X-ray diffraction means. Extended investigations have established that the alkaline-earth metals, plus some other divalent metals, have evidently often contributed substantial amounts of hydrogen, and this feature has led to numerous erroneous reports of supposed binary phases that form with the main-group (p) elements. Methods of detection and some ready means to avoid these problems will be described. The particularly serious examples that occur among phases reported with β-Yb5Sb3, Mn5Si3, and Cr5B3-type binary structures for pnictogen (As–Bi) and tetrel (Si–Pb) elements are detailed for 32 examples. Fluoride has proven to be useful as a stand-in for hydride in a variety of these systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ACTIVE metals
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Fluoride vs. hydride
KW  - Hydrogen impurities
KW  - Interstitial atoms
KW  - Synthesis and structure
KW  - Zintl phases
N1  - Accession Number: 11979885; Corbett, John D.; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov Leon-Escamilla, E.-Alejandro 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 356-357, p59; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ACTIVE metals; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluoride vs. hydride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interstitial atoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis and structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zintl phases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-8388(02)01215-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majzoub, E.H.
AU  - Gross, K.J.
T1  - Titanium–halide catalyst-precursors in sodium aluminum hydrides
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 356-357
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The kinetics of absorption and desorption of hydrogen from NaAlH4 have previously been shown to improve upon the addition of a catalyst-precursor such as TiCl3. In this paper we demonstrate that TiCl2, TiF3, and TiBr4 all effectively improve sorption kinetics. Arrhenius data indicate that the catalyst precursors behave in essentially the same manner. Evidently the valency of Ti in the catalyst-precursor is inconsequential to the role of Ti in altering the kinetic mechanism. The formation of TiAl3 on doping with TiCl3 has been observed. The presence of TiAl3 appears to contribute in part to the enhanced kinetics in these systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM compounds
KW  - HALIDES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - Hydrogen storage materials
KW  - Mechanical alloying
N1  - Accession Number: 11979953; Majzoub, E.H.; Email Address: ehmajzo@sandia.gov Gross, K.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Analytical Materials Science Department, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 356-357, p363; Subject Term: TITANIUM compounds; Subject Term: HALIDES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen storage materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00113-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gross, K.J.
AU  - Majzoub, E.H.
AU  - Spangler, S.W.
T1  - The effects of titanium precursors on hydriding properties of alanates
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 356-357
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
SN  - 09258388
AB  - An overview is presented of recent advances in the development of new and improved alanates for applications and in the fundamental understanding of how Ti-doping enhances hydrogen absorption. Sample materials were produced using approaches based on direct-synthesis and dry Ti-doping methods. It is desirable to introduce Ti through non-reactive processes to avoid the hydrogen capacity loss that occurs through the formation of inactive byproducts (for example Na–halide from the decomposition of Ti–halides and Na–oxides from the decomposition of Ti–alkoxides). We show, for the first time, that alanates can be Ti-doped using TiH2 or through indirect-doping by pre-reacting TiCl2 with LiH. Both methods result in enhanced kinetics. However, improved rates were achieved only after a prolonged activation period of about a 10 cycles, suggesting that cycling leads to Ti diffusion and substitution into the alanate lattice which provides the mechanism through which Ti-doping enhances kinetics. Thus, the reactive decomposition of Ti–halide and alkoxide precursors in the doping process serves an important but not necessarily required function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM compounds
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - LITHIUM hydride
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - Alanates
KW  - Hydrogen absorption
KW  - Titanium precursors
N1  - Accession Number: 11979966; Gross, K.J.; Email Address: kjgross@sandia.gov Majzoub, E.H. 1 Spangler, S.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Analytical Material Science Department, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 356-357, p423; Subject Term: TITANIUM compounds; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: LITHIUM hydride; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alanates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium precursors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00141-5
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, L.J.
AU  - Kwiatkowski, K.K.
AU  - Morris, C.L.
AU  - Saunders, A.
AU  - Hogan, G.E.
AU  - Merrill, F.E.
AU  - Morley, K.B.
T1  - A narrow-gap ion chamber for beam motion correction in proton radiography experiments
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 508
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 220
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A small gap, segmented hydrogen ion chamber was constructed for beam position monitoring in dynamic proton radiography imaging experiments at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The radiographs, acquired by a set of individually gated CCD cameras, are normalized (“flattened”) using CCD images of the raw beam. However, movement of the beam centroid from pulse to pulse introduces errors in this image normalization process. The ion chamber operates in a burst mode and provides measurements of beam centroid location on a pulse-to-pulse basis. Performance was tested for pulse time separations as low as 358 ns. The chamber makes possible flattening of dynamic CCD images on a per pulse basis and substantially reduces normalization errors due to beam movement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN ions
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - Beam position monitor
KW  - Image normalization
KW  - Proton radiography
N1  - Accession Number: 10356668; Schultz, L.J. 1,2; Email Address: schultz@lanl.gov Kwiatkowski, K.K. 1 Morris, C.L. 1 Saunders, A. 1 Hogan, G.E. 1 Merrill, F.E. 1 Morley, K.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 508 Issue 3, p220; Subject Term: HYDROGEN ions; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam position monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image normalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton radiography; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01658-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, C.-Y.
AU  - Lamoreaux, S.K.
AU  - Saunders, A.
AU  - Smith, D.
AU  - Young, A.R.
T1  - An apparatus to control and monitor the para-<f>D2</f> concentration in a solid deuterium, superthermal source of ultra-cold neutrons
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 508
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Controlling and measuring the concentration of para-<f>D2</f> is an essential step toward realizing solid deuterium as an intense ultra-cold neutron source. To this end, we implemented an experimental technique to convert para- to ortho-deuterium molecules by flowing <f>D2</f> gas through a cryogenic cell filled with paramagnetic hydrous ferric oxide granules. This process efficiently reduced the para-<f>D2</f> concentration from 33.3% to 1.5%. Rotational Raman spectroscopy was applied to measure the residual para-<f>D2</f> contamination to better than 2 parts in <f>103</f>, and the hydrogen contamination to 1 part in <f>103</f>. We also contrast our optical technique to conventional thermal conductivity measurements of the para-<f>D2</f> concentration, reporting some of the relevant strengths and weaknesses of our implementation of each technique. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 10356672; Liu, C.-Y. 1; Email Address: cyliu@lanl.gov Lamoreaux, S.K. 2 Saunders, A. 2 Smith, D. 1 Young, A.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 08545, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 508 Issue 3, p257; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01666-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, Sangyong
AU  - Jalilian-Marian, Jamal
AU  - Sarcevic, Ina
T1  - Large-<f>pT</f> inclusive <f>π0</f> production in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/08/11/
VL  - 723
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We present results for the large-<f>pT</f> inclusive <f>π0</f> production in <f>p</f>–<f>p</f> and <f>A</f>–<f>A</f> collisions at RHIC and LHC energies. We include the full next-to-leading order radiative corrections, <f>O(αs3)</f>, and nuclear effects such as parton energy loss and nuclear shadowing. We find the next-to-leading order corrections and the parton energy loss effect to be large and <f>pT</f>-dependent, while the nuclear shadowing effects are small (<f><10%</f>). We calculate the ratio of prompt photons to neutral pions produced in heavy-ion collisions and show that at RHIC energies this ratio increases with <f>pT</f> approaching one at <f>pT∼8</f> GeV, due to the large suppression of <f>π0</f> production. We show that at the LHC, this ratio has a steep <f>pT</f>-dependence and approaches <f>25%</f> effect at <f>pT∼40</f> GeV. We discuss theoretical uncertainties inherent in our calculation, such as choice of the renormalization, factorization and fragmentation scales and the K-factors which signify the size of higher-order corrections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - HADRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10009935; Jeon, Sangyong 1,2 Jalilian-Marian, Jamal 3; Email Address: jamal@bnl.gov Sarcevic, Ina 4; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A-2T8, Canada  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-11794, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 723 Issue 3/4, p467; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01447-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, Paul T.
AU  - Delaney, James C.
AU  - Muller, James G.
AU  - Neeley, William L.
AU  - Tannenbaum, Steven R.
AU  - Burrows, Cynthia J.
AU  - Essigmann, John M.
T1  - The Hydantoin Lesions Formed from Oxidation of 7,8-Dihydro-8-oxoguanine Are Potent Sources of Replication Errors in Vivo.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/08/12/
VL  - 42
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 9257
EP  - 9262
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Single-stranded DNA genomes have been constructed that site-specifically contain the 7,8dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanine (8-oxoG) oxidation products guanidinohydantoin (Gh) and the two stable stereoisomers of spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp1 and Sp2). The circular viral genomes were transfected into wild-type AB1157 Escherichia coli, and the efficiency of lesion bypass by DNA polymerase(s) was assessed. Viral progeny were analyzed for mutation frequency and type using the recently developed restriction endonuclease and postlabeling (REAP) assay. Gh was bypassed nearly as efficiently as the parent 8-oxoG but was highly mutagenic, causing almost exclusive G → C transversions. The stereoisomers Sp1 and Sp2 were, in comparison, much stronger blocks to DNA polymerase extension and caused a mixture of G → T and G → C transversions. The ratio of G → T to G → C mutations for each Sp lesion was dependent on the stereochemical configuration of the base. All observed mutation frequencies were at least an order of magnitude higher than those caused by 8-oxoG. Were these lesions to be formed in vivo, our data show that they are absolutely miscoding and may be refractory to repair after translesion synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - HYDANTOIN
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - GENOMES
N1  - Accession Number: 10706969; Henderson, Paul T. 1,2 Delaney, James C. 1 Muller, James G. 3 Neeley, William L. 1 Tannenbaum, Steven R. 1 Burrows, Cynthia J. 3 Essigmann, John M. 1; Email Address: jessig@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biological Engineering Division and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Utah; Source Info: 8/12/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 31, p9257; Subject Term: HYDANTOIN; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: GENOMES; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beckstead, Jennifer A.
AU  - Oda, Michael N.
AU  - Martin, Dale D.O.
AU  - Forte, Trudy M.
AU  - Bielicki, John K.
AU  - Berger, Trish
AU  - Luty, Robert
AU  - Kay, Cyril M.
AU  - Ryan, Robert O.
T1  - Structure-Function Studies of Human Apolipoprotein A-V: A Regulator of Plasma Lipid Homeostasis.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/08/12/
VL  - 42
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 9416
EP  - 9423
SN  - 00062960
AB  - To investigate structure and function relations of a new member of the exchangeable apolipoprotein family that modulates plasma lipid levels, recombinant human apolipoprotein (apo) A-V was produced in Escherichia coli and isolated by a combination of nickel chelation affinity chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC. Antibodies directed against apoA-V were generated and employed in immunoblotting experiments. Anti-apoA-V IgG gave a strong response against recombinant apoA-V from E. coli and human apoA-V expressed in transgenic mice, but did not recognize human apoA-I or apoAIV. In neutral-pH buffers, at concentrations of >0.1 mg/mL, isolated lipid-free apoA-V is poorly soluble. By contrast, apoA-V is soluble in 50 mM sodium citrate (pH 3.0). Far-UV circular dichroism analysis and spectral deconvolution reveal that apoA-V possesses 32% α-helix, 33% β-sheet, 16% β-turn, and 18% random coil secondary structure conformers. Temperature-induced denaturation studies gave rise to a transition midpoint of 47.1 °C. Upon being cooled to ambient temperature from 85 °C, apoA-V failed to recover all of the negative ellipticity present in unheated apoA-V. ApoA-V interacts with bilayer vesicles of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine to form discoidal complexes with diameters in the range of 15-20 nm. However, apoA-V was a poor activator of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase where the activity was 8.5 ± 1.8% of that of apoA-I. Furthermore, apoA-V failed to support enhanced efflux of cholesterol from cAMP-treated J774 macrophages, although low levels of efflux were obtained from unstimulated cells. Taken together, the results demonstrate recombinant apoA-V possesses unique structural and functional characteristics, in keeping with its proposed role in the modulation of plasma lipid levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - BLOOD lipids
KW  - HOMEOSTASIS
N1  - Accession Number: 10706986; Beckstead, Jennifer A. 1 Oda, Michael N. 1 Martin, Dale D.O. 1 Forte, Trudy M. 2 Bielicki, John K. 2 Berger, Trish 3 Luty, Robert 4 Kay, Cyril M. 4 Ryan, Robert O. 1; Email Address: rryan@chori.org; Affiliation:  1: Lipid Biology in Health and Disease Research Group, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, California  2: Genome Sciences Department, Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California  3: Department of Animal Science, University of California  4: Department of Biochemistry and Protein Engineering Network of Centers of Excellence, University of Alberta, Canada; Source Info: 8/12/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 31, p9416; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: BLOOD lipids; Subject Term: HOMEOSTASIS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Retsek, Jennifer L.
AU  - Drain, Charles Michael
AU  - Kirmaier, Christine
AU  - Nurco, Daniel J.
AU  - Medforth, Craig J.
AU  - Smith, Kevin M.
AU  - Sazanovich, Igor V.
AU  - Chirvony, Vladimir S.
AU  - Fajer, Jack
AU  - Holten, Dewery
T1  - Photoinduced Axial Ligation and Deligation Dynamics of Nonplanar Nickel Dodecaarylporphyrins.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/08/13/
VL  - 125
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 9787
EP  - 9786
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The ground- and excited-state metal-ligand dynamics of nonplanar nickel(lI) 2,3,5,7,8,10,12,13,15,17,18,20-dodecaphenylporphyrin (NiDPP) and two fluorinated analogues (NiF[sub 20]DPP and NiF[sub 28]DPP) have been investigated using static and time-resolved absorption spectroscopy in toluene and in ligating media that differ in basicity, aromaticity, and steric encumbrance. Because of the electronic and steric consequences of nonplanarity, NiDPP does not bind axial ligands in the ground state, but metal coordination does occur after photoexcitation with multistep dynamics that depend on the properties of the ligand. Following the structural relaxations that occur in all nickel porphyrins within ∼10 ps, ligand binding to photoexcited NiDPP is progressively longer in pyridine, piperidine, and 3,5-lutidine (25-100 ps) but does not occur at all in 2,6-lutidine in which the ligating nitrogen is sterically encumbered. The transient intermediate that is formed, which nominally could be either a five- or six-coordinate species, also has a ligand-dependent lifetime (200-550 ps). Decay of this intermediate occurs partially via ligand release to re-form the uncoordinated species, in competition with binding of the second axial ligand and/or conformational/electronic relaxations (of a six-coordinate intermediate) to give the ground state of the bisligated photoproduct. The finding that the photoproduct channel principally depends on ligand characteristics along with the time-evolving spectra suggests that the transient intermediate may involve a five-coordinate species. In contrast to NiDPP, the fluorinated analogues NiF[sub 20]DPP and NiF[sub 28]DPP do coordinate axial ligands in the ground state but eject them after photoexcitation. Collectively, these results demonstrate the sensitivity with which the electronic and structural characteristics of the macrocycle, substituents, and solvent (ligands) can govern the photophysical and photochemical properties of nonplanar porphyrins and open new avenues for exploring photoinduced ligand association and dissociation behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - NICKEL
N1  - Accession Number: 10739719; Retsek, Jennifer L. 1 Drain, Charles Michael 2 Kirmaier, Christine 1 Nurco, Daniel J. 3 Medforth, Craig J. 3,4 Smith, Kevin M. 3,5 Sazanovich, Igor V. 1,6 Chirvony, Vladimir S. 6 Fajer, Jack 7 Holten, Dewery 1; Email Address: holten@wuchem.wustl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington University  2: Hunter College and The Rockefeller University, New York  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis  4: Biomolecular Materials and Interfaces Department, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico  5: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University  6: Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus  7: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 8/13/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 32, p9787; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: NICKEL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taw, Felicia L.
AU  - Mueller, Alexander H.
AU  - Bergman, Robert G.
AU  - Brookhart, Maurice
T1  - A Mechanistic Investigation of the Carbon—Carbond Bond Cleavage of Aryl and Alkyl Cyanides Using a Cationic Rh(III) Silyl Complex.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/08/13/
VL  - 125
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 9808
EP  - 9813
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Cationic Rh(lll) complex [Cp[sup *](PMe[sub 3])Rh(SiPh[sub 3])(CH[sub 2]CI[sub 2])]BAr[sub 4]' (1) activates the carbon-carbon bond of aryl and alkyl cyanides (R-CN, where R = Ph, (4-(CF[sub 3])C[sub 6]H[sub 4]), (4-(OMe)C[sub 6]H[sub 4]), Me. [sup i]Pr, [sup t]Bu) to produce complexes of the general formula [Cp[sup *](PMe[sub 3])Rh(R)(CNSiPh[sub 3])]BAr[sub 4]'. With the exception of the [sup t]BuCN case, every reaction proceeds at room temperature (t[sub ½] < 1 h for aryl cyanides, t[sub ½] < 14 h for alkyl cyanides). A general mechanism is presented on the basis of (1) an X-ray crystal structure determination of an intermediate isolated from the reaction involving 4-methoxybenzonitrile and (2) kinetic studies performed on the C-C bond cleavage of para-substituted aryl cyanides. Initial formation of an η¹-nitrile species is observed, followed by conversion to an η²-iminoacyl intermediate, which was observed to undergo migration of R (aryl or alkyl) to rhodium to form the product [Cp[sup *](PMe[sub 3])Rh(R)(CNSiPh[sub 3])]BAr[sub 4]'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYANIDES
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - RHODIUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 10739721; Taw, Felicia L. 1 Mueller, Alexander H. 1 Bergman, Robert G. 2 Brookhart, Maurice 1; Email Address: mbrookhart@unc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California and Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: 8/13/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 32, p9808; Subject Term: CYANIDES; Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: RHODIUM compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huai, Qing
AU  - Sun, Yingjie
AU  - Wang, Huanchen
AU  - Chin, Lih-Shen
AU  - Li, Lian
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Ke, Hengming
T1  - Crystal structure of DJ-1/RS and implication on familial Parkinson’s disease1<FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>Atomic coordinates have been deposited in PDB with entry number 1Q2U.</FN>
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/14/
VL  - 549
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 00145793
AB  - DJ-1 is a protein involved in multiple physiological processes, including cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and male fertility. It is unknown how DJ-1 functions in the apparently different systems. The crystal structure of DJ-1 at 1.6 A˚ resolution shows that DJ-1 is a helix-strand-helix sandwich and forms a dimer. The DJ-1 structure is similar to the members of the intracellular protease PfpI family. However, the catalytic triad of Cys–His–Glu is not strictly conserved in DJ-1, implying that DJ-1 has a different catalytic mechanism if it acts as a protease or DJ-1 serves as a regulatory protein in the physiological processes. The structure shows that Leu166 positions in the middle of a helix and thus predicts that the L166P mutation will bend the helix and impact the dimerization of DJ-1. As a result, the conformational changes may diminish the DJ-1 binding with its partner, leading to the familial Parkinson’s disease caused by the single L166P mutation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PARKINSON'S disease
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - Androgen receptor
KW  - AR, androgen receptor
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - CAP1, contraception-associated protein 1
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - DJBP, DJ-1-binding protein
KW  - Male fertility
KW  - Parkinson’s disease
KW  - PD, Parkinson’s disease
KW  - PIAS, protein inhibitor of activated STAT
KW  - Protein inhibitor of activated STAT
KW  - SeDJ-1, selenomethionyl DJ-1
KW  - SUMO, small ubiquitin-related modifier
N1  - Accession Number: 10505245; Huai, Qing 1 Sun, Yingjie 1 Wang, Huanchen 1 Chin, Lih-Shen 2 Li, Lian 2 Robinson, Howard 3 Ke, Hengming 1; Email Address: hke@med.unc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7260, USA  2: Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332-3090, USA  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 549 Issue 1-3, p171; Subject Term: PARKINSON'S disease; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Androgen receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: AR, androgen receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: CAP1, contraception-associated protein 1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: DJBP, DJ-1-binding protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Male fertility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parkinson’s disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: PD, Parkinson’s disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIAS, protein inhibitor of activated STAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein inhibitor of activated STAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: SeDJ-1, selenomethionyl DJ-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: SUMO, small ubiquitin-related modifier; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00764-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson
AU  - T. J.
AU  - Disselkamp
AU  - R. S.
AU  - Su
AU  - Y.-F.
AU  - Fellows
AU  - R. J.
AU  - Alexander
AU  - M. L.
AU  - Driver
AU  - C. J.
T1  - Gas-Phase Hydrolysis of SOCl2 at 297 and 309 K:  Implications for Its Atmospheric Fate.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/08/14/
VL  - 107
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 6183
EP  - 6190
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The gas-phase hydrolysis of thionyl chloride (SOCl2) has been investigated at 297 and 309 K in a mixing chamber using FTIR spectroscopy. Reagent concentrations of ~80 ppmv SOCl2 at relative humidities (RH) of 1-63% were studied at 309 K, while humidities of 1-85% were used in the 297 K studies, all at a total pressure of ~1 atm in synthetic air. In each experiment, an aliquot of SOCl2(g) was rapidly introduced into a chamber at fixed RH, quickly reaching a maximum and then decreasing exponentially, as monitored by time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. The only observed reaction products were HCl(g) and SO2(g), which were formed in a molar ratio of ~2:1. The SOCl2 decay data are consistent with, but do not prove, the reaction being a gas-phase hydrolysis that is first order in both SOCl2 and H2O, with the RH-dependent decay data indirectly suggesting the first-order dependence on H2O(g). The 297 K rate constant was measured as (6.3 ± 3.5) × 10-21 cm3/molecule-s. Confirming previous results, SOCl2 absorbed only at λ < 290 nm, which suggests hydrolysis as the main loss mechanism in the troposphere at typical temperatures and humidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - SOLVOLYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 18432533; Johnson T. J. 1 Disselkamp R. S. 1 Su Y.-F. 1 Fellows R. J. 1 Alexander M. L. 1 Driver C. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 32, p6183; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: SOLVOLYSIS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antipenko, Alexander
AU  - Himanen, Juha-Pekka
AU  - van Leyen, Klaus
AU  - Nardi-Dei, Vincenzo
AU  - Lesniak, Jacob
AU  - Barton, William A.
AU  - Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.
AU  - Lu, Min
AU  - Hoemme, Claudia
AU  - Püschel, Andreas W.
AU  - Nikolov, Dimitar B.
T1  - Structure of the Semaphorin-3A Receptor Binding Module
JO  - Neuron
JF  - Neuron
Y1  - 2003/08/14/
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 589
SN  - 08966273
AB  - The semaphorins are a large group of extracellular proteins involved in a variety of processes during development, including neuronal migration and axon guidance. Their distinctive feature is a conserved 500 amino acid semaphorin domain, a ligand-receptor interaction module also present in plexins and scatter-factor receptors. We report the crystal structure of a secreted 65 kDa form of Semaphorin-3A (Sema3A), containing the full semaphorin domain. Unexpectedly, the semaphorin fold is a variation of the β propeller topology. Analysis of the Sema3A structure and structure-based mutagenesis data identify the neuropilin binding site and suggest a potential plexin interaction site. Based on the structure, we present a model for the initiation of semaphorin signaling and discuss potential similarities with the signaling mechanisms of other β propeller cell surface receptors, such as integrins and the LDL receptor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neuron is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - AMINO acids
N1  - Accession Number: 10578738; Antipenko, Alexander 1 Himanen, Juha-Pekka 1 van Leyen, Klaus 1 Nardi-Dei, Vincenzo 1 Lesniak, Jacob 1 Barton, William A. 1 Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R. 2 Lu, Min 3 Hoemme, Claudia 4 Püschel, Andreas W. 4 Nikolov, Dimitar B. 1; Email Address: dimitar@ximpact3.ski.mskcc.org; Affiliation:  1: Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, NY 11973 USA  3: Department of Biochemistry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021 USA  4: Abt. Molekularbiologie, Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Genetik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p589; Subject Term: EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00502-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stampfer, Martha R
AU  - Garbe, James
AU  - Nijjar, Tarlochan
AU  - Wigington, Don
AU  - Swisshelm, Karen
AU  - Yaswen, Paul
T1  - Loss of p53 function accelerates acquisition of telomerase activity in indefinite lifespan human mammary epithelial cell lines.
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2003/08/14/
VL  - 22
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 5238
EP  - 5251
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 09509232
AB  - We describe novel effects of p53 loss on immortal transformation, based upon comparison of immortally transformed human mammary epithelial cell (HMEC) lines lacking functional p53 with closely related p53(+) lines. Our previous studies of p53(+) immortal HMEC lines indicated that overcoming the stringent replicative senescence step associated with critically short telomeres (agonescence), produced indefinite lifespan lines that maintained growth without immediately expressing telomerase activity. These telomerase(-) ‘conditionally immortal’ HMEC underwent an additional step, termed conversion, to become fully immortal telomerase(+) lines with uniform good growth. The very gradual conversion process was associated with slow heterogeneous growth and high expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57Kip2. We now show that p53 suppresses telomerase activity and is necessary for the p57 expression in early passage p53(+) conditionally immortal HMEC lines, and that p53(-/-) lines exhibit telomerase reactivation and attain full immortality much more rapidly. A p53-inhibiting genetic suppressor element introduced into early passages of a conditionally immortal telomerase(-) p53(+) HMEC line led to rapid induction of hTERT mRNA, expression of telomerase activity, loss of p57 expression, and quick attainment of uniform good growth. These studies indicate that derangements in p53 function may impact malignant progression through direct effects on the conversion process, a potentially rate-limiting step in HMEC acquisition of uniform unlimited growth potential. These studies also provide evidence that the function of p53 in suppression of telomerase activity is separable from its cell cycle checkpoint function.Oncogene (2003) 22, 5238-5251. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206667 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oncogene is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - P53 antioncogene
KW  - TELOMERASE
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - CYCLIN-dependent kinases
KW  - CELL cycle
N1  - Accession Number: 10551041; Stampfer, Martha R 1 Garbe, James 1 Nijjar, Tarlochan 1 Wigington, Don 1 Swisshelm, Karen 2 Yaswen, Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: 1Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Bldg. 70A1118, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: 2Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: 8/14/2003, Vol. 22 Issue 34, p5238; Subject Term: P53 antioncogene; Subject Term: TELOMERASE; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject Term: CYCLIN-dependent kinases; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.onc.1206667
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beane, S.R.
AU  - Malheiro, M.
AU  - McGovern, J.A.
AU  - Phillips, D.R.
AU  - van Kolck, U.
T1  - Nucleon polarizabilities from low-energy Compton scattering
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/08/14/
VL  - 567
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 03702693
AB  - An effective field theory is used to give a model-independent description of Compton scattering at energies comparable to the pion mass. The amplitudes for scattering on the proton and the deuteron, calculated to fourth order in small momenta in chiral perturbation theory, contain four undetermined parameters that are in one-to-one correspondence with the nucleon polarizabilities. These polarizabilities are extracted from fits to data on elastic photon scattering on hydrogen and deuterium. For the proton we find: <f>αp=(12.1±1.1)−0.5+0.5×10−4 fm3</f>, <f>βp=(3.4±1.1)−0.1+0.1×10−4 fm3</f>. For the isoscalar polarizabilities we obtain: <f>αN=(9.0±1.5)−0.8+3.6×10−4 fm3</f>, <f>βN=(1.7±1.5)−0.6+1.4×10−4 fm3</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10427046; Beane, S.R. 1 Malheiro, M. 2 McGovern, J.A. 3 Phillips, D.R. 1,4; Email Address: phillips@phy.ohiou.edu van Kolck, U. 5,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, USA  2: Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  6: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 567 Issue 3/4, p200; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.06.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamakov, V.
AU  - Wolf, D.
AU  - Phillpot, S.R.
AU  - Gleiter, H.
T1  - Dislocation–dislocation and dislocation–twin reactions in nanocrystalline Al by molecular dynamics simulation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4135
SN  - 13596454
AB  - We use massively parallel molecular dynamics simulations of polycrystal plasticity to elucidate the intricate dislocation dynamics that evolves during the process of deformation of columnar nanocrystalline Al microstructures of grain size between 30 and 100 nm. We analyze in detail the mechanisms of dislocation–dislocation and dislocation–twin boundary reactions that take place under sufficiently high stress. These reactions are shown to lead to the formation of complex twin networks, i.e. structures of coherent twin boundaries connected by stair-rod dislocations. Consistent with recent experimental observations, these twin networks may cause dislocation pile-ups and thus give rise to strain hardening. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Deformation twinning
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Fcc metals
KW  - Nanocrystal
N1  - Accession Number: 10319518; Yamakov, V. 1 Wolf, D. 1; Email Address: wolf@anl.gov Phillpot, S.R. 1 Gleiter, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 51 Issue 14, p4135; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation twinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fcc metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystal; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00232-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanan, Jay C.
AU  - Üstündag, Ersan
AU  - Beyerlein, Irene J.
AU  - Swift, Geoffrey A.
AU  - Almer, Jonathan D.
AU  - Lienert, Ulrich
AU  - Haeffner, Dean R.
T1  - Microscale damage evolution and stress redistribution in Ti–SiC fiber composites
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4239
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Local damage evolution in a composite is the primary micromechanical process determining its fracture toughness, strength, and lifetime. In this study, high energy X-ray microdiffraction was used to measure the lattice strains of both phases in a Ti–SiC fiber composite laminate. The data provided in situ load transfer information under applied tensile stress at the scale of the microstructure. To better understand damage evolution, predictions of a modified shear lag model were compared to the strain data. This comparison (1) demonstrated the importance of accounting for the matrix axial and shear stiffness, (2) optimized the stiffness ratio for load transfer, and (3) improved the interpretation of the ideal planar geometry commonly used in micromechanical composite models. In addition, the results proved the matrix within and around the damage zone sustained substantial axial load and locally yielded. It was also shown that an area detector is essential in such a diffraction study as it provides multi-axial strain data and helps eliminate the “graininess” problem. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Damage evolution
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Metal matrix composites
KW  - Micromechanical modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 10319527; Hanan, Jay C. 1 Üstündag, Ersan 1; Email Address: ersan@caltech.edu Beyerlein, Irene J. 2 Swift, Geoffrey A. 1 Almer, Jonathan D. 3 Lienert, Ulrich 3 Haeffner, Dean R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., MC 138-78, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 51 Issue 14, p4239; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micromechanical modeling; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00240-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lario, D.
AU  - Roelof, E.C.
AU  - Decker, R.B.
AU  - Reisenfeld, D.B.
T1  - Solar maximum low-energy particle observations at heliographic latitudes above 75 degrees
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 579
SN  - 02731177
AB  - We present a preliminary analysis of low-energy particle observations by the Ulysses and ACE spacecraft during the time intervals that Ulysses spent at heliographic latitudes above 75 degrees during its solar maximum orbit. The most southerly and northerly latitudes (80.2°) were reached by Ulysses in November 2000 and October 2001, respectively. These two periods were characterized by high levels of solar activity. During its passage through the highest southern latitudes, Ulysses encountered complex magnetic field and solar wind configurations, with numerous energetic particle events of either solar origin or associated with solar wind stream interaction regions. By contrast, during its high northern latitude passage, Ulysses remained immersed in the high-speed (∼700 km s−1) solar wind coronal hole flow bearing magnetic field of negative polarity and detected three intense solar energetic particle (SEP) events. We correlate observations from Ulysses at high heliographic latitudes with 1 AU measurements in the ecliptic from the ACE spacecraft. Large SEP events were observed simultaneously by both spacecraft. Periods with comparable particle intensities at ACE and Ulysses occurred during the decay phase of large SEP events. We discuss the formation of these periods of nearly identical particle intensities (i.e., “reservoirs”) in terms of both fresh injections of solar energetic particles and the formation of compressed magnetic field regions in the heliosphere beyond the Earth orbit (∼2–5 AU). We discuss the implications of these observations for models of solar energetic particle propagation to both high and low heliographic latitudes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR activity
KW  - STELLAR activity
KW  - ORBITS
KW  - SPACE vehicles
N1  - Accession Number: 11830898; Lario, D. 1; Email Address: david.lario@jhuapl.edu Roelof, E.C. 1 Decker, R.B. 1 Reisenfeld, D.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p579; Subject Term: SOLAR activity; Subject Term: STELLAR activity; Subject Term: ORBITS; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lario, D.
AU  - Roelof, E.C.
AU  - Decker, R.B.
AU  - Ho, G.C.
AU  - Maclennan, C.G.
AU  - Gosling, J.T.
T1  - Energetic <F>SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>H</NU><DE>He</DE></FR></F> intensity ratio under solar maximum and solar minimum conditions: Ulysses observations
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 585
SN  - 02731177
AB  - We study the solar cycle variability of the heliospheric energetic proton-to-helium abundance ratios. We use 0.5–1.0 MeV nucleon−1 proton and helium intensities observed by the Ulysses spacecraft at both high and low heliographic latitudes. Ulysses observations show that during solar maximum the 0.5–1.0 MeV nucleon−1 <F>SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>H</NU><DE>He</DE></FR></F> intensity ratios are, on average, higher than during solar minimum. Under solar minimum conditions the interaction between slow and fast solar wind streams is strong, producing long-lasting and stable corotating interaction regions (CIRs) which are efficient accelerators of pickup He+. During solar maximum, transient events of solar origin (characterized by high <F>SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>H</NU><DE>He</DE></FR></F> ratios) are able to globally fill the heliosphere. In addition, the absence of large and stable coronal holes results in a lack of recurrent strong corotating solar wind interactions, and consequently a less efficient acceleration of pickup He+. Even when solar wind stream interaction regions (SIRS) are observed, the <F>SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>H</NU><DE>He</DE></FR></F> intensity ratio during solar maximum rarely decreases to the low (∼6) values typically observed during solar minimum CIR events. The latest data collected by Ulysses during its solar maximum descent from northern polar latitudes (mid-2002) show nearly-recurrent CIR events, which occasionally decrease the H/He ratios to these low (∼6) values. The still frequent occurrence of SEP events, however, produces increases of the H/He intensity ratios to high (∼30) values. Although SEP events still dominate the particle population in the inner heliosphere, the low <F>SHAPE="SOL" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>H</NU><DE>He</DE></FR></F> ratios observed in these specific CIR events suggest an efficient acceleration of pickup He+ rather than the acceleration of remnant SEP material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cycle
KW  - HELIOSPHERE (Astrophysics)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11830899; Lario, D. 1; Email Address: david.lario@jhuapl.edu Roelof, E.C. 1 Decker, R.B. 1 Ho, G.C. 1 Maclennan, C.G. 2 Gosling, J.T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA  2: Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJ 07947, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p585; Subject Term: SOLAR cycle; Subject Term: HELIOSPHERE (Astrophysics); Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higgins, James A.
AU  - Nasarabadi, Shanavaz
AU  - Karns, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Shelton, Daniel R.
AU  - Cooper, Mary
AU  - Gbakima, Aiah
AU  - Koopman, Ronald P.
T1  - A handheld real time thermal cycler for bacterial pathogen detection
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 18
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1115
SN  - 09565663
AB  - The handheld advanced nucleic acid analyzer (HANAA) is a portable real time thermal cycler unit that weighs under 1 kg and uses silicon and platinum-based thermalcycler units to conduct rapid heating and cooling of plastic reaction tubes. Two light emitting diodes (LED) provide greater than 1 mW of electrical power at wavelengths of 490 nm (blue) and 525 nm (green), allowing detection of the dyes FAM and JOE/TAMRA. Results are displayed in real time as bar graphs, and up to three, 4-sample assays can be run on the charge of the 12 V portable battery pack. The HANAA was evaluated for detection of defined Escherichia coli strains, and wild-type colonies isolated from stream water, using PCR for the lac Z and Tir genes. PCR reactions using SYBR Green dye allowed detection of E. coli ATCC 11775 and E. coli O157:H7 cells in under 30 min of assay time; however, background fluorescence associated with dye binding to nonspecific PCR products was present. DNA extracted from three isolates of Bacillus anthracis Ames, linked to a bioterrorism incident in Washington DC in October 2001, were also successfully tested on the HANAA using primers for the vrrA and capA genes. Positive results were observed at 32 and 22 min of assay time, respectively. A TaqMan probe specific to the aroQ gene of Erwinia herbicola was tested on the HANAA and when 500 cells were used as template, positive results were observed after only 7 min of assay time. Background fluorescence associated with the use of the probe was negligible. The HANAA is unique in offering real time PCR in a handheld format suitable for field use; a commercial version of the instrument, offering six reaction chambers, is available as of Fall 2002. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Detection
KW  - Erwinia herbicola
KW  - Escherchia coli O157:H7
KW  - PCR
KW  - TaqMan
N1  - Accession Number: 9906782; Higgins, James A. 1; Email Address: jhiggins@anri.barc.usda.gov Nasarabadi, Shanavaz 2 Karns, Jeffrey S. 1 Shelton, Daniel R. 1 Cooper, Mary 3 Gbakima, Aiah 4 Koopman, Ronald P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Animal Waste Pathogen Laboratory USDA-ARS, Room 202, Building 173, 10300 Baltimore Boulevard, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: USDA-APHIS National Veterinary Services Laboratory, 1800 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA, 50010, USA  4: Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 18 Issue 9, p1115; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillus anthracis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erwinia herbicola; Author-Supplied Keyword: Escherchia coli O157:H7; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCR; Author-Supplied Keyword: TaqMan; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0956-5663(02)00252-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9906782&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakellariou, Dimitris
AU  - Meriles, Carlos A.
AU  - Martin, Rachel W.
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - High-resolution NMR of anisotropic samples with spinning away from the magic angle
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 377
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
SN  - 00092614
AB  - High-resolution NMR of anisotropic samples is typically performed by spinning the sample around an axis at the ‘magic’ angle of 54.7° with the static magnetic field. Geometric and engineering constraints often prevent spinning at this specific angle. Implementations of magic angle field rotation are extremely demanding due to power requirements or an inaccessible geometry. We present a methodology for taking the magic out of MAS while still obtaining both isotropic and anisotropic spectral information during sample spinning or field rotation at arbitrary angles. Using projected-MAS, we obtained resolved scaled isotropic chemical shifts in inhomogeneously broadened spinning samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 10570315; Sakellariou, Dimitris 1 Meriles, Carlos A. 1 Martin, Rachel W. 1 Pines, Alexander; Email Address: pines@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 377 Issue 3/4, p333; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01149-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10570315&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, Mingsheng
AU  - Lu, Wencai
AU  - Wang, C.Z.
AU  - Ho, K.M.
T1  - Search for most stable structure of Si8H8 cluster
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 377
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We have performed a global structure optimization for Si8H8 cluster using a genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with an efficient and accurate tight-binding (TB) potential to describe the energies of the clusters. Structure models selected from the GA/TB optimization are further verified by ab initio calculations. Our study shows that a new structure with C2 symmetry is energetically more stable than the octasilacubane structure previously proposed for Si8H8. This is in contrast to Ge8H8 where the octasilacubane structure is energetically more stable than the new C2 structure. Vibration and electronic properties of the new Si8H8 structure have also been studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10570327; Tang, Mingsheng 1,2 Lu, Wencai 1 Wang, C.Z. 1; Email Address: wangcz@ameslab.gov Ho, K.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, USDOE and Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 377 Issue 3/4, p413; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01102-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10570327&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
T1  - scFvs and beyond
JO  - Drug Discovery Today
JF  - Drug Discovery Today
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 8
IS  - 16
M3  - Letter
SP  - 737
SN  - 13596446
KW  - Recombinant antibody
KW  - scFv
KW  - Yeast display
N1  - Accession Number: 10634401; Bradbury, Andrew 1; Email Address: amb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 8 Issue 16, p737; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombinant antibody; Author-Supplied Keyword: scFv; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yeast display; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6446(03)02786-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10634401&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - M. Casadei
AU  - W. E. Dietrich
AU  - N. L. Miller
T1  - Testing a model for predicting the timing and location of shallow landslide initiation in soil-mantled landscapes.
JO  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
JF  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 925
EP  - 950
SN  - 01979337
AB  - The growing availability of digital topographic data and the increased reliability of precipitation forecasts invite modelling efforts to predict the timing and location of shallow landslides in hilly and mountainous areas in order to reduce risk to an ever-expanding human population. Here, we exploit a rare data set to develop and test such a model. In a 1·7 km2 catchment a near-annual aerial photographic coverage records just three single storm events over a 45 year period that produced multiple landslides. Such data enable us to test model performance by running the entire rainfall time series and determine whether just those three storms are correctly detected. To do this, we link a dynamic and spatially distributed shallow subsurface runoff model (similar to TOPMODEL) to an infinite slope model to predict the spatial distribution of shallow landsliding. The spatial distribution of soil depth, a strong control on local landsliding, is predicted from a process-based model. Because of its common availability, daily rainfall data were used to drive the model. Topographic data were derived from digitized 1 : 24 000 US Geological Survey contour maps. Analysis of the landslides shows that 97 occurred in 1955, 37 in 1982 and five in 1998, although the heaviest rainfall was in 1982. Furthermore, intensity–duration analysis of available daily and hourly rainfall from the closest raingauges does not discriminate those three storms from others that did not generate failures. We explore the question of whether a mechanistic modelling approach is better able to identify landslide-producing storms. Landslide and soil production parameters were fixed from studies elsewhere. Four hydrologic parameters characterizing the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil and underlying bedrock and its decline with depth were first calibrated on the 1955 landslide record. Success was characterized as the most number of actual landslides predicted with the least amount of total area predicted to be unstable. Because landslide area was consistently overpredicted, a threshold catchment area of predicted slope instability was used to define whether a rainstorm was a significant landslide producer. Many combinations of the four hydrological parameters performed equally well for the 1955 event, but only one combination successfully identified the 1982 storm as the only landslide-producing storm during the period 1980–86. Application of this parameter combination to the entire 45 year record successfully identified the three events, but also predicted that two other landslide-producing events should have occurred. This performance is significantly better than the empirical intensity–duration threshold approach, but requires considerable calibration effort. Overprediction of instability, both for storms that produced landslides and for non-producing storms, appears to arise from at least four causes: (1) coarse rainfall data time scale and inability to document short rainfall bursts and predict pressure wave response; (2) absence of local rainfall data; (3) legacy effect of previous landslides; and (4) inaccurate topographic and soil property data. Greater resolution of spatial and rainfall data, as well as topographic data, coupled with systematic documentation of landslides to create time series to test models, should lead to significant improvements in shallow landslides forecasting. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Surface Processes & Landforms is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Natural disasters
KW  - Storms
KW  - Landslides
KW  - Precipitation forecasting
N1  - Accession Number: 20405146; M. Casadei 1; W. E. Dietrich 1; N. L. Miller 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; 2: Regional Climate Center – Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Issue Info: Aug2003, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p925; Thesaurus Term: Natural disasters; Thesaurus Term: Storms; Subject Term: Landslides; Subject Term: Precipitation forecasting; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beauséjour, Christian M.
AU  - Krtolica, Ana
AU  - Galimi, Francesco
AU  - Narita, Masashi
AU  - Lowe, Scott W.
AU  - Vaswen, Paul
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Reversal of human cellular senescence: roles of the p53 and p16 pathways.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 22
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4212
EP  - 4222
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Telomere erosion and subsequent dysfunction limits the proliferation of normal human cells by a process termed replicative senescence. Replicative senescence is thought to suppress tumorigenesis by establishing an essentially irreversible growth arrest that requires activities of the p53 and pRB tumor suppressor proteins. We show that, depending on expression of the pRB regulator p16, replicative senescence is not necessarily irreversible. We used lentiviruses to express specific viral and cellular proteins in senescent human fibroblasts and mammary epithelial cells. Expression of telomerase did not reverse the senescence arrest. However, cells with low levels of p16 at senescence resumed robust growth upon p53 inactivation, and limited growth upon expression of oncogenic RAS. In contrast, cells with high levels of p16 at senescence failed to proliferate upon p53 inactivation or RAS expression, although they re-entered the cell cycle without growth after pRB inactivation. Our results indicate that the senescence response to telomere dysfunction is reversible and is maintained primarily by p53. However, p16 provides a dominant second barrier to the unlimited growth of human cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLIN-dependent kinases
KW  - PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES
KW  - AGING
KW  - TELOMERASE
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - ZINC enzymes
KW  - cyclin-dependent kinase
KW  - pRB
KW  - RAS
KW  - senescence
KW  - telomerase
N1  - Accession Number: 12956501; Beauséjour, Christian M. 1 Krtolica, Ana 1 Galimi, Francesco 2,3 Narita, Masashi 4 Lowe, Scott W. 4 Vaswen, Paul 1 Campisi, Judith 1,5; Email Address: jcampisi@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 84-71, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: The Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA.  3: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari Medical School, 07100 Sassari, Italy.  4: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.  5: Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA.; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 22 Issue 16, p4212; Subject Term: CYCLIN-dependent kinases; Subject Term: PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: TELOMERASE; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: ZINC enzymes; Author-Supplied Keyword: cyclin-dependent kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: pRB; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: telomerase; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdg417
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12956501&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Smith, Steve C.
AU  - McKinley, James P.
AU  - Ainsworth, Calvin C.
T1  - Desorption kinetics of radiocesium from subsurface sediments at Hanford Site, USA
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2893
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The desorption of 137Cs+ was investigated on sediments from the United States Hanford site. Pristine sediments and ones that were contaminated by the accidental release of alkaline 137Cs+-containing high level nuclear wastes (HLW, 2 × 106 to 6 × 107 pCi 137Cs+/g) were studied. The desorption of 137Cs+ was measured in Na+, K+, Rb+, and NH4+electrolytes of variable concentration and pH, and in presence of a strong Cs+-specific sorbent (self-assembled monolayer on a mesoporous support, SAMMS). 137Cs+ desorption from the HLW-contaminated Hanford sediments exhibited two distinct phases: an initial instantaneous release followed by a slow kinetic process. The extent of 137Cs+ desorption increased with increasing electrolyte concentration and followed a trend of Rb+ ≥ K+ > Na+ at circumneutral pH. This trend followed the respective selectivities of these cations for the sediment. The extent and rate of 137Cs+ desorption was influenced by surface armoring, intraparticle diffusion, and the collapse of edge-interlayer sites in solutions containing K+, Rb+, or NH4+. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed HLW-induced precipitation of secondary aluminosilicates on the edges and basal planes of micaceous minerals that were primary Cs+ sorbents. The removal of these precipitates by acidified ammonium oxalate extraction significantly increased the long-term desorption rate and extent. X-ray microprobe analyses of Cs+-sorbed micas showed that the 137Cs+ distributed not only on mica edges, but also within internal channels parallel to the basal plane, implying intraparticle diffusive migration of 137Cs+. Controlled desorption experiments using Cs+-spiked pristine sediment indicated that the 137Cs+ diffusion rate was fast in Na+-electrolyte, but much slower in the presence of K+ or Rb+, suggesting an effect of edge-interlayer collapse. An intraparticle diffusion model coupled with a two-site cation exchange model was used to interpret the experimental results. Model simulations suggested that about 40% of total sorbed 137Cs+ was exchangeable, including equilibrium and kinetic desorbable pools. At pH 3, this ratio increased to 60–80%. The remainder of the sorbed 137Cs+ was fixed or desorbed at much slower rate than our experiments could detect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - HANFORD Site (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 10425402; Liu, Chongxuan 1; Email Address: chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Smith, Steve C. 1 McKinley, James P. 1 Ainsworth, Calvin C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 67 Issue 16, p2893; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: HANFORD Site (Wash.); Subject Term: WASHINGTON (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00267-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10425402&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hansel, Colleen M.
AU  - Benner, Shawn G.
AU  - Neiss, Jim
AU  - Dohnalkova, Alice
AU  - Kukkadapu, Ravi K.
AU  - Fendorf, Scott
T1  - Secondary mineralization pathways induced by dissimilatory iron reduction of ferrihydrite under advective flow
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2977
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Iron (hydr)oxides not only serve as potent sorbents and repositories for nutrients and contaminants but also provide a terminal electron acceptor for microbial respiration. The microbial reduction of Fe (hydr)oxides and the subsequent secondary solid-phase transformations will, therefore, have a profound influence on the biogeochemical cycling of Fe as well as associated metals. Here we elucidate the pathways and mechanisms of secondary mineralization during dissimilatory iron reduction by a common iron-reducing bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens (strain CN32), of 2-line ferrihydrite under advective flow conditions. Secondary mineralization of ferrihydrite occurs via a coupled, biotic-abiotic pathway primarily resulting in the production of magnetite and goethite with minor amounts of green rust. Operating mineralization pathways are driven by competing abiotic reactions of bacterially generated ferrous iron with the ferrihydrite surface. Subsequent to the initial sorption of ferrous iron on ferrihydrite, goethite (via dissolution/reprecipitation) and/or magnetite (via solid-state conversion) precipitation ensues resulting in the spatial coupling of both goethite and magnetite with the ferrihydrite surface. The distribution of goethite and magnetite within the column is dictated, in large part, by flow-induced ferrous Fe profiles. While goethite precipitation occurs over a large Fe(II) concentration range, magnetite accumulation is only observed at concentrations exceeding 0.3 mmol/L (equivalent to 0.5 mmol Fe[II]/g ferrihydrite) following 16 d of reaction. Consequently, transport-regulated ferrous Fe profiles result in a progression of magnetite levels downgradient within the column. Declining microbial reduction over time results in lower Fe(II) concentrations and a subsequent shift in magnetite precipitation mechanisms from nucleation to crystal growth. While the initial precipitation rate of goethite exceeds that of magnetite, continued growth is inhibited by magnetite formation, potentially a result of lower Fe(III) activity. Conversely, the presence of lower initial Fe(II) concentrations followed by higher concentrations promotes goethite accumulation and inhibits magnetite precipitation even when Fe(II) concentrations later increase, thus revealing the importance of both the rate of Fe(II) generation and flow-induced Fe(II) profiles. As such, the operating secondary mineralization pathways following reductive dissolution of ferrihydrite at a given pH are governed principally by flow-regulated Fe(II) concentration, which drives mineral precipitation kinetics and selection of competing mineral pathways. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRIC oxide
KW  - SORBENTS
KW  - MICROBIAL respiration
N1  - Accession Number: 10425407; Hansel, Colleen M. 1; Email Address: hansel@stanford.edu Benner, Shawn G. 1 Neiss, Jim 1 Dohnalkova, Alice 2 Kukkadapu, Ravi K. 2 Fendorf, Scott 1; Email Address: fendorf@stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Braun Hall, Building 320, Room 118, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 67 Issue 16, p2977; Subject Term: FERRIC oxide; Subject Term: SORBENTS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL respiration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00276-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10425407&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spycher, Nicolas
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - Ennis-King, Jonathan
T1  - CO2-H2O mixtures in the geological sequestration of CO2. I. Assessment and calculation of mutual solubilities from 12 to 100°C and up to 600 bar
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3015
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Evaluating the feasibility of CO2 geologic sequestration requires the use of pressure-temperature-composition (P-T-X) data for mixtures of CO2 and H2O at moderate pressures and temperatures (typically below 500 bar and below 100°C). For this purpose, published experimental P-T-X data in this temperature and pressure range are reviewed. These data cover the two-phase region where a CO2-rich phase (generally gas) and an H2O-rich liquid coexist and are reported as the mutual solubilities of H2O and CO2 in the two coexisting phases. For the most part, mutual solubilities reported from various sources are in good agreement. In this paper, a noniterative procedure is presented to calculate the composition of the compressed CO2 and liquid H2O phases at equilibrium, based on equating chemical potentials and using the Redlich-Kwong equation of state to express departure from ideal behavior. The procedure is an extension of that used by King et al. (1992), covering a broader range of temperatures and experimental data than those authors, and is readily expandable to a nonideal liquid phase. The calculation method and formulation are kept as simple as possible to avoid degrading the performance of numerical models of water-CO2 flows for which they are intended. The method is implemented in a computer routine, and inverse modeling is used to determine, simultaneously, (1) new Redlich-Kwong parameters for the CO2-H2O mixture, and (2) aqueous solubility constants for gaseous and liquid CO2 as a function of temperature. In doing so, mutual solubilities of H2O from 15 to 100°C and CO2 from 12 to 110°C and up to 600 bar are generally reproduced within a few percent of experimental values. Fugacity coefficients of pure CO2 are reproduced mostly within one percent of published reference data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry)
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - CARBON monoxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10425410; Spycher, Nicolas 1; Email Address: nspycher@lbl.gov Pruess, Karsten 1 Ennis-King, Jonathan 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: CSIRO Petroleum, P.O. Box 3000, Glen Waverley 3150, Australia; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 67 Issue 16, p3015; Subject Term: SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00273-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10425410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Santos, Marta
AU  - Marçalo, Joaquim
AU  - Leal, João Paulo
AU  - Pires de Matos, António
AU  - Gibson, John K.
AU  - Haire, Richard G.
T1  - FTICR-MS study of the gas-phase thermochemistry of americium oxides
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 228
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 457
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Gas-phase ion chemistry experiments with americium using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) were performed for the first time. Reactions of Am+ and AmO+ with the oxidants N2O, C2H4O (ethylene oxide), H2O, O2, CO2, and NO have been studied. Am+ formed AmO+ with all the reagents except NO, while AmO+ only reacted with C2H4O to form AmO2+ and other products. These results allowed us to estimate the previously unknown Am+&z.sbnd;O and OAm+&z.sbnd;O bond dissociation energies. The ionization energies (IE) of AmO and AmO2 could also be determined by two different types of experiments: charge-transfer “bracketing” with AmO2+, yielding <F>IE(AmO2)=7.23±0.15</F> eV, and AmO+ reactivity with dienes, following a model developed by Helmut Schwarz and coworkers, leading to <F>IE(AmO)=5.9±0.2</F> eV. With this last method, we were also able to resolve the disagreement between the two literature values for the ionization energy of PuO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Actinide ions
KW  - Americium oxides
KW  - Ionization energies
KW  - Plutonium oxide
KW  - Thermochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 10357806; Santos, Marta 1 Marçalo, Joaquim 1 Leal, João Paulo 1 Pires de Matos, António 1; Email Address: pmatos@itn.pt Gibson, John K. 2; Email Address: gibsonjk@ornl.gov Haire, Richard G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 228 Issue 2/3, p457; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinide ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Americium oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization energies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermochemistry; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-3806(03)00138-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shukla, Anil K.
AU  - Futrell, Jean H.
T1  - Surface-induced dissociation of acetone cations from self-assembled monolayer surface of fluorinated alkyl thiol on Au (1 1 1) substrate at low collision energies
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 228
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
SN  - 13873806
AB  - We have studied the dissociation of acetone molecular cations to acetyl cations following collision with a monolayer surface of fluorinated alkyl thiol (FC12) self-assembled on Au (1 1 1) substrate at 13, 25.2 and 49.6 eV kinetic energies. Three energetically distinct dissociation processes contribute to total dissociation in this energy range. At all energies there is a common dissociation pathway involving loss of nearly all of the parent ion’s kinetic energy in the collision process. Fragment ions resulting from this dissociation mechanism are scattered over a wide range of angles. The second pathway, observed at 25.2 and 49.6 eV kinetic energy is delayed dissociation of collisionally excited acetone cations after only a small fraction of the ion’s kinetic energy is lost in the collision process. Fragment ions resulting from this unique dynamics feature are scattered close to the surface parallel. These dissociations take place after the excited ions have passed through the collision region and the energy analyzer and prior to their entering the mass analyzer. At 49.6 eV kinetic energy, a small intensity fragment ion peak appears at intermediate kinetic energy spectra between the low energy loss and the highly inelastic scattering peaks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETONE
KW  - THIOLS
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - Acetone cations
KW  - Energy transfer
KW  - Inelastic scattering
KW  - Ion-surface collisions
KW  - Surface-induced dissociation
N1  - Accession Number: 10357815; Shukla, Anil K.; Email Address: Anil.Shukla@pnl.gov Futrell, Jean H. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 228 Issue 2/3, p563; Subject Term: ACETONE; Subject Term: THIOLS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acetone cations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-surface collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface-induced dissociation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-3806(03)00163-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Helen J.
AU  - Hudgins, Robert R.
AU  - Håkansson, Kristina
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Secondary fragmentation of linear peptides in electron capture dissociation
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 228
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 723
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Inspection of the electron capture dissociation (ECD) spectra of doubly-protonated peptides, Leu4-Sar-Leu3-Lys-OH, Leu4-Ala-Leu3-Lys-OH, Gly4-Sar-Gly3-Lys-NH2 and Gly3-Pro-Sar-Gly3-Lys-NH2, reveals extensive secondary fragmentation. In addition to w ions, entire, and in some cases multiple, cleavages of amino acid side chains from backbone fragments are observed. Extensive water loss from backbone fragments is observed for the glycine-rich peptides. For Leu4-Ala-Leu3-Lys, the preferred fragmentation channel is cleavage of the amide bond to produce b7 and b8 ions. ECD of Gly3-Pro-Sar-Gly3-Lys-NH2 results in amine bond (c/z) cleavage in the proline residue accompanied by C&z.sbnd;C (or secondary N&z.sbnd;C) cleavage in the proline side chain. That fragmentation channel has not been observed previously. The peptides were also subjected to “hot” electron capture dissociation (HECD) and the resulting spectra differed markedly from those obtained under standard ECD conditions. In contrast to HECD, secondary fragmentation observed under standard ECD conditions cannot be attributed to excess energy arising from the kinetic energy of the electrons prior to capture. The results suggest that the fragmentation channels available following electron capture depend somewhat on the individual peptide structure and have mechanistic implications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - ECD
KW  - Electron capture dissociation
KW  - FT-ICR
KW  - FT-MS
KW  - MS/MS
KW  - Secondary fragmentation
KW  - Tandem MS
N1  - Accession Number: 10357827; Cooper, Helen J. 1 Hudgins, Robert R. 1 Håkansson, Kristina 1 Marshall, Alan G. 1,2; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310-3706, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 228 Issue 2/3, p723; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: AMIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron capture dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-ICR; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: MS/MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tandem MS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-3806(03)00202-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Xin
AU  - Wang, Xue-Bin
AU  - Wang, Lai-Sheng
T1  - Collision-induced symmetric fission of doubly-charged cubelike [Fe4S4X4]2− clusters
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 228
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
SN  - 13873806
AB  - A series of doubly-charged [4Fe4S] cluster ions, [Fe4S4X4]2− (<F>X=Cl</F>, Br, I, and SC2H5), were produced in the gas phase by electrospray ionization and examined using collision-induced dissociation (CID) in a quadrupole ion trap. CID channels of each dianion were analyzed by MS/MS experiments at different collision energies. Two CID channels were observed for these dianions: symmetric fission and electron detachment. The most interesting observation is the symmetric fission of [Fe4S4X4]2− into two identical daughter ions, [Fe2S2X2]−. The important role of the intramolecular coulomb repulsion in the symmetric fission was shown by comparing with CID of the singly-charged anions, [Fe4S4X4]−. Our gas-phase experiments suggest that solution phase conversions between [Fe4S4] and [Fe2S2] assemblies in proteins may also involve related fission chemistry with reactive [Fe2S2X2]− intermediates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - Collision-induced dissociations
KW  - Electrospray
KW  - Ion fission
KW  - Iron–sulfur clusters
KW  - Multiply-charged anions
N1  - Accession Number: 10357832; Yang, Xin 1,2 Wang, Xue-Bin 1,2 Wang, Lai-Sheng 1,2; Email Address: ls.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 228 Issue 2/3, p797; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: ANIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collision-induced dissociations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrospray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion fission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron–sulfur clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiply-charged anions; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-3806(03)00189-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rubin, M.B.
AU  - Lomov, I.
T1  - A thermodynamically consistent large deformation elastic–viscoplastic model with directional tensile failure
JO  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
JF  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 40
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4299
SN  - 00207683
AB  - The main objective of this paper is to develop a continuum model for directional tensile failure that can simulate weakening and void formation due to tensile failure. Directionality in the model allows simulation of weakening to tension applied in one direction, without weakening to subsequent tension applied in perpendicular directions. The model is developed within the context of a properly invariant non-linear thermomechanical theory. Specifically, it is shown how the model can be combined with general constitutive equations for porous compaction and dilation, as well as viscoplasticity. The thermoelastic response is hyperelastic, with the stress being determined by derivatives of the Helmholtz free energy, and the material is considered to be elastically isotropic. In particular, it is assumed that the rate of inelasticity due to tensile failure is coaxial with the tensor measure of elastic deformation (and hence stress). This causes the rate of dissipation to take a particularly simple form which can be shown to satisfy the second law of thermodynamics. A numerical procedure for integrating these evolution equations is proposed and a number of examples are considered to explore the response of the model to different loading histories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Solids & Structures is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - THERMOELASTICITY
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - Directional
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Tensile failure
KW  - Thermomechanical
KW  - Viscoplastic
N1  - Accession Number: 10154948; Rubin, M.B. 1; Email Address: mbrubin@tx.technion.ac.il Lomov, I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000 Haifa, Israel  2: Geophysics and Global Security Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 40 Issue 17, p4299; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: THERMOELASTICITY; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Directional; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile failure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermomechanical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscoplastic; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00242-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, A. F.
AU  - Seager, C. H.
AU  - Myers, S. M.
AU  - Koleske, D. D.
AU  - Allerman, A. A.
T1  - Hydrogen configurations, formation energies, and migration barriers in GaN.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2311
EP  - 2318
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Hydrogen configurations, formation energies, and migration barriers in GaN have been obtained from density-functional theory (DFT) calculations employing the generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) for exchange and correlation. The H configurations and formation energies are similar to previous DFT results obtained using the local-density approximation (LDA) for exchange and correlation with the most notable differences being higher formation energies for H[SUP0] (0.2 eV) (and H[SUB2] (0.1 eV) in the GGA calculations and a preference for H[SUP+] at a bond-centered site. GGA H migration barriers differ from LDA values with the largest differences being 0.4 eV higher GGA H[SUP+] migration barriers. Refined measurements of field-induced H[SUP+] drift in GaN p/n[SUP+] diodes have also been performed. Modeling of these results indicates that the sum of the H[SUP+] diffusion activation energy and the H[SUP+] binding energy to ionized Mg acceptors is 1.76 eV. The corresponding GGA result (1.6 eV) is in good agreement with the measured value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 10388394; Wright, A. F. 1 Seager, C. H. 1 Myers, S. M. 1 Koleske, D. D. 1 Allerman, A. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1415; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 4, p2311; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: BINDING energy; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1592607
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayes, D. B.
AU  - Hall, C. A.
AU  - Asay, J. R.
AU  - Knudson, M. D.
T1  - Continuous index of refraction measurements to 20 GPa in Z-cut sapphire.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2331
EP  - 2336
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Isentropic compression experiments (ICE) on Sandia National Laboratories' Z Accelerator are used to make continuous measurements of the index of refraction in single crystal Z-cut sapphire as the longitudinal stress is gradually increased to 20 GPa (uniaxial strain of about ∼3.9%). A planar, ramp compression wave, generated by a large magnetic field, propagates through a planar copper base plate. Part of the rear surface of the base plate is a free surface and part is covered with a sapphire window. Comparisons are made of velocity histories measured simultaneously at the free surface and at the copper/sapphire interface using a velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR). This is sufficient to determine the index of refraction of the sapphire continuously as a function of density. Perturbations to the compression waves caused by interactions with the free surface and with the sapphire are accounted for by backward or forward solutions to the equations of motion. The effect of the unsteady nature of the compression wave in sapphire on the interferometry measurements is also taken into account. Results validate the interpretation of VISAR measurements on continuous loading experiments performed with optical windows. The measured index of refraction of sapphire agrees with previous studies validating this experimental technique and showing that it is useful for studying other materials for which index of refraction data do not exist. In addition, measured compression isentropes for copper and sapphire compare favorably with existing theoretical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SPEED
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
N1  - Accession Number: 10388391; Hayes, D. B. 1 Hall, C. A. 1 Asay, J. R. 1 Knudson, M. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 4, p2331; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1595710
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chaiken, A.
AU  - Nauka, K.
AU  - Gibson, G. A.
AU  - Lee, Heon
AU  - Yang, C. C.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Ager, J. W.
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
T1  - Structural and electronic properties of amorphous and polycrystalline In[sub 2]Se[sub 3] films.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2390
EP  - 2397
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Structural and electronic properties of amorphous and single-phase polycrystalline films of γ- and κ-In[SUB2]Se[SUB3] have been measured. The effect of deposition conditions on the film phase was studied extensively. The stable γ phase nucleates homogeneously in the film bulk and has a high resistivity, while the metastable k phase nucleates at the film surface and has a moderate resistivity. The microstructures of polycrystalline hot-deposited and postannealed, cold-deposited γ films are quite different but their electronic properties are similar. The increase in the resistivity of amorphous In[SUB2]Se[SUB3] films upon annealing is interpreted in terms of the replacement of In-In bonds with In-Se bonds during crystallization. Great care must be taken in the preparation of In[SUB2]Se[SUB3] films for electrical measurements as the presence of excess chalcogen or surface oxidation may greatly affect the film properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CHALCOGENS
N1  - Accession Number: 10388382; Chaiken, A. 1 Nauka, K. 1 Gibson, G. A. 1 Lee, Heon 1 Yang, C. C. 1 Wu, J. 2 Ager, J. W. 2 Yu, K. M. 2 Walukiewicz, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Hewlett-Packard, 1501 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California 94304  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 4, p2390; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CHALCOGENS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1592631
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, S. J.
AU  - Snyder, J. E.
AU  - Lo, C. C. H.
AU  - Campos-Anderson, K. M.
AU  - Anderegg, J. W.
AU  - Jiles, D. C.
T1  - Influence of nanostructure and nitrogen content on the optical and electrical properties of reactively sputtered FeSiAl(N) films.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2607
EP  - 2611
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - In this study, the optical properties and dc resistivity of a series of FeSiAl(N) films reactively sputtered with different partial pressures of N were investigated. Spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to measure the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric functions. There is a distinct micro/nanostructural transition from single-phase columnar body-centered-cubic (bcc) grains for partial pressure (pp) of nitrogen in sputtering gas &les;4% to a two-phase nanocomposite of equiaxed bcc nanograins in an amorphous matrix for films deposited with &ges;5% pp N. To assess the effect of surface oxidation on the optical properties, optical measurements were repeated on the 2 and 5% pp N films (representative of the two different types of films with different structures) after they were sputter etched in situ while performing depth profiling of the chemical composition using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The low-nitrogen films (&les;4% pp N) showed a dielectric function typical of a metal whose charge carrier contribution can be described by a classical free electron Drude model. The nanostructured films (&ges;5% pp N) showed a positive real part of the dielectric function ∊[SUB1] and no evidence of free-carrier plasmon excitation. The optical conductivity decreased and the dc resistivity increased by about a factor of 2.5 as the film structure changed from a single-phase columnar structure to the two-phase material that consisted of nanograins in an amorphous matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 10388344; Lee, S. J. 1 Snyder, J. E. 2 Lo, C. C. H. 1 Campos-Anderson, K. M. 3 Anderegg, J. W. 1 Jiles, D. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Ames Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering Department, and Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  3: Ames Laboratory and Materials Science and Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 4, p2607; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1593802
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jun He
AU  - Tegen, Sarah B.
AU  - Krawitz, Ariel R.
AU  - Martin, G. Steven
AU  - Kunxin Luo
T1  - The Transforming Activity of Ski and SnoN Is Dependent on Their Ability to Repress the Activity of Smad Proteins.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 278
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 30540
EP  - 30547
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The regulation of cell growth and differentiation by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is mediated by the Smad proteins. In the nucleus, the Smad proteins are negatively regulated by two closely related nuclear proto-oncoproteins, Ski and SnoN. When overexpressed, Ski and SnoN induce oncogenic transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts. However, the mechanism of transformation by Ski and SnoN has not been defined. We have previously reported that Ski and SnoN interact directly with Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 and repress their ability to activate TGF-β target genes through multiple mechanisms. Because Smad proteins are tumor suppressors, we hypothesized that the ability of Ski and SnoN to inactivate Smad function may be responsible for their transforming activity. Here, we show that the receptor regulated Smad proteins (Smad2 and Smad3) and common mediator Smad (Smad4) bind to different regions in Ski and SnoN. Mutation of both regions, but not each region alone, markedly impaired the ability of Ski and SnoN to repress TGF-β-induced transcriptional activation and cell cycle arrest. Moreover, when expressed in chicken embryo fibroblasts, mutant Ski or SnoN defective in binding to the Smad proteins failed to induce oncogenic transformation. These results suggest that the ability of Ski and SnoN to repress the growth inhibitory function of the Smad proteins is required for their transforming activity. This may account for the resistance to TGF-β-induced growth arrest in some human cancer cell lines that express high levels of Ski or SnoN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSFORMING growth factors-beta
KW  - TUMOR suppressor proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 10783826; Jun He 1 Tegen, Sarah B. 1 Krawitz, Ariel R. 1,2 Martin, G. Steven 2 Kunxin Luo 1,2; Email Address: kluo@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  2: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 278 Issue 33, p30540; Subject Term: TRANSFORMING growth factors-beta; Subject Term: TUMOR suppressor proteins; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujdala, Kyle L.
AU  - Tilley, T. Don
T1  - Thermolytic molecular precursor routes to Cr<f>/</f>Si<f>/</f>Al<f>/</f>O and Cr<f>/</f>Si<f>/</f>Zr<f>/</f>O catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation and dehydrogenation of propane
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 00219517
AB  - Cothermolyses of (<f>t</f>BuO)3CrOSi(O <f>t</f>Bu)3 (1) and either [Al(O <f>t</f>Bu)3]2 (2) or Zr[OCMe2Et]4 (3) as solutions in n-octane resulted in formation of gels that yielded Cr<f>/</f>Si<f>/</f>Al<f>/</f>O or Cr<f>/</f>Si<f>/</f>Zr<f>/</f>O xerogels upon drying. These materials have high surface areas after calcination at 773 K (ranging from 150 to <f>450 m2 g−1</f>) and do not exhibit phase separation of Cr2O3 domains after calcination at 1473 K (by PXRD). The as-synthesized Cr<f>/</f>Si<f>/</f>M materials contain mostly octahedral <f>Cr3+</f> species with small amounts of tetrahedral <f>Cr6+</f> chromates (by DRUV–vis and XANES spectroscopies). Only <f>Cr6+</f> monochromate centers, with smaller amounts of di- and polychromate species, were detected after calcination at 773 K under O2. These catalysts are active for the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane; however, they exhibit poor selectivities for propylene production. In contrast, these catalysts exhibit high selectivities for propylene (<f>>95</f>%) in the nonoxidative dehydrogenation (DH) of propane with conversions for the best catalyst above 35% at 723 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Cothermolysis
KW  - Molecular precursor
KW  - Oxide catalyst
KW  - Propane dehydrogenation
KW  - Propane oxidative dehydrogenation
N1  - Accession Number: 10064015; Fujdala, Kyle L. 1 Tilley, T. Don 2; Email Address: tdtilley@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 218 Issue 1, p123; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cothermolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular precursor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxide catalyst; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propane dehydrogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propane oxidative dehydrogenation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9517(03)00141-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xue-Bin
AU  - Yang, Xin
AU  - Nicholas, John B.
AU  - Wang, Lai-Sheng
T1  - Photodetachment of hydrated oxalate dianions in the gas phase, C[sub 2]O[sub 4][sup 2-](H[sub 2]O)[sub n] (n=3–40): From solvated clusters to nanodroplet.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3631
EP  - 3640
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Oxalate (C[SUB2]O[SUP2-],[SUB4]) is a common dianion, but it is not electronically stable as an isolated species due to the strong intramolecular Coulomb repulsion and can only exist as solvated species. We observed  hydrated oxalate clusters, C[SUB2]O[SUP2-],[SUB4] (H[SUB2]O)[SUBn] for n=3-40, using electrospray ionization of an oxalate salt solution and studied their energetics and stabilities using photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. We found that the smallest observable solvated cluster, C[SUB2]O[SUP2-],[SUB4](H[SUB2]O)[SUB3], has an adiabatic electron binding energy of ∼ 0.0 eV, i.e., a minimum of three H[SUB2]O is required to stabilize C[SUB2]O[SUP2-],[SUB4] in the gas phase. Theoretical calculations show that the first four waters bind tightly to C[SUB2]O[SUP2-],[SUB4], each forming two H-bonds with C[SUB2]O[SUP2-],[SUB4] peripherally without interwater H-bonding. The charges of the dianion were stabilized sufficiently that additional waters beyond n=4 form only single H-bonds with C[SUB2]O[SUP2-],[SUB4] and interwater H-bonding was observed starting at n=5. The repulsive Coulomb barrier, characteristic of multiply-charged anions, was estimated from photon energy-dependent spectra for the smaller clusters and was found to decrease with increasing n. We observed that photoelectron intensities for features of the solute decreased as n increased, whereas detachment signals from the solvent became dominant for the large solvated clusters. This observation suggested that C[SUB2]O[SUP2-],[SUB4] is situated in the center of the solvated clusters so  that electrons detached from the solute were suppressed by the surrounding solvent layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXALATES
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10404869; Wang, Xue-Bin 1,2 Yang, Xin 1,2 Nicholas, John B. 1,2 Wang, Lai-Sheng 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352  2: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 7, p3631; Subject Term: OXALATES; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1590641
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalemos, Apostolos
AU  - Dunning, Thom H.
AU  - Harrison, James F.
AU  - Mavridis, Aristides
T1  - Electronic structure of linear TiCH.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3745
EP  - 3750
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The linear TiCH molecule is studied by ab initio quantum mechanical calculations using quantitative basis sets and highly correlated computational methods. Potential energy curves along the Ti2CH coordinate have been computed to obtain a better understanding of molecular formation in eight low-lying states of the molecule. Total energies, dissociation energies (with respect to Ti +CH), equilibrium distances, and dipole moments are reported. Simple valence bond Lewis diagrams are used to interpret the nature of the bonding in all of the states studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - TRANSITION metals
N1  - Accession Number: 10404856; Kalemos, Apostolos 1 Dunning, Thom H. 1 Harrison, James F. 2 Mavridis, Aristides 3; Affiliation:  1: Joint Institute for Computational Science, University of Tennessee—Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6414  2: Department of Chemistry and Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322  3: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, PO Box 64004, 157 10 Zografou, Athens, Greece; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 7, p3745; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1584425
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, James R.
AU  - Song, Xueyu
T1  - The anisotropic free energy of the Lennard-Jones crystal-melt interface.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3920
EP  - 3925
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We have calculated the free energy of the crystal-melt interface for the Lennard-Jones system as a function of crystal orientation, near zero pressure, by examining the roughness of the interface using molecular dynamic simulations. The anisotropy is weak, but can be accurately resolved using this approach due to the sensitivity of the fluctuations on the anisotropy. We find that the anisotropy can be described well using two parameters, based upon a low-order expansion satisfying cubic symmetry. The results are in good agreement with previous calculations of the free energies, based upon simulations used to calculate the reversible work required to create the interfaces. The weak anisotropy is also in reasonable agreement: The work here and the work of Davidchack and Laird [R. L. Davidchack and B. B. Laird, J. Chem. Phys. 118, 7651 (2003)] both predict γ[SUB100]>&GAMMA;[SUB110]>γ[SUB111]. The only discrepancy is that we find a smaller value for the difference γ[SUB100]-γ[SUB111] by an amount larger than the combined error bars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - NUCLEATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10404838; Morris, James R. 1 Song, Xueyu 2; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (U.S. Department of Energy), Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 7, p3920; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1591725
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Augustsson, A.
AU  - Henningsson, A.
AU  - Butorin, S. M.
AU  - Siegbahn, H.
AU  - Nordgren, J.
AU  - Guo, J.-H.
T1  - Lithium ion insertion in nanoporous anatase TiO[sub 2] studied with RIXS.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3983
EP  - 3987
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Lithium insertion into nanoporous anatase TiO[SUB2] electrodes has been studied using resonant inelastic soft-x-ray scattering spectroscopy (RIXS). We have measured Ti 2p absorption, L[SUB2,3]-emission and)resonant inelastic scattering spectra of pristine anatase TiO[SUB2] and Li inserted TiO[SUB2]. Inelastic  scattering features in RIXS spectra of pristine TiO[SUB2] are assigned to charge-transfer excitations. Low energy-loss features for Li inserted TiO[SUB2] electrodes, appearing within t[SUB2g] bands, due to d - d excitations, indicate the presence of Ti[SUP3+] states. The experimental observations suggest strong  electron correlation in anatase TiO[SUB2] introduced by the Li-insertion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRODES
N1  - Accession Number: 10404830; Augustsson, A. 1 Henningsson, A. 1 Butorin, S. M. 1 Siegbahn, H. 1 Nordgren, J. 1 Guo, J.-H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 7, p3983; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1591735
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cai, Jun
AU  - Prausnitz, John M.
T1  - An integral-equation theory for a self-interacting polymer adsorbed at an interface.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 4018
EP  - 4025
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - An integral-equation theory based on the Born-Green-Yvon (BGY) hierarchy for a self-interacting polymer is used to describe a polymer adsorbed at an oil-water interface. The polymer is represented by a square-well chain. The interaction between a polymer segment and an oil-water interface is represented by an asymmetric square-well potential where the well-depth on one side reflects water-polymer and the well depth on the other side reflects oil-polymer interactions. To truncate the BGY hierarchy, we introduce two approximations: First we use the Markov-chain approximation for intra-molecular correlation functions, and second, we use the effective intra-molecular energy in the bulk to approximate that at the interface. The results are compared with Monte Carlo-simulation data. For short chains, when the attractive interaction between the segments is weak, the theory is in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulation. Stronger segment-segment attractive interactions increase adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ADSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 10404826; Cai, Jun 1 Prausnitz, John M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 7, p4018; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1591180
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prabhu, V. M.
AU  - Muthukumar, M.
AU  - Wignall, G. D.
AU  - Melnichenko, Y. B.
T1  - Polyelectrolyte chain dimensions and concentration fluctuations near phase boundaries.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 4085
EP  - 4098
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We have measured the temperature (T) dependence of the correlation length (ξ) for concentration fluctuations in aqueous solutions of sodium-poly(styrene sulfonate) with a fixed level of added barium chloride salt. Apparent critical behavior is observed upon lowering the temperature to precipitation phase boundaries that complements our earlier work on salt-dependent behavior. We interpret experimental deviations from &xi[SUP-2] versus T[SUP-1] as crossover from the mean field to the Ising universality class. We also measured the radius of gyration (R[SUBg]) of labeled chains and ξ for semidilute polyelectrolyte solutions at low ionic strengths. We recovered the familiar result of ξ scaling with polymer concentration (C[SUBp]) and degree of polymerization (N), such that ξ=(73&plus,n;9) N[SUP0]C[SUBp],[-0.48±0.03][&Aring] and using SANS high concentration labeling R[SUBg]=(400±28) C[SUBp],[SUP-0.24±0.01][Å] (for N=577) and  R[SUBg]=(2.8±2.1)N[SUP0.6±0.1][Å] (for C[SUBp]=206 gL[SUP-1]), respectively. The indices recovered are in agreement with theoretical predictions for low ionic strength semidilute solutions. Such experiments offer insight into relatively unexplored phase behavior in charged macromolecular solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10404819; Prabhu, V. M. 1 Muthukumar, M. 1 Wignall, G. D. 2 Melnichenko, Y. B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Sciences, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6393; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 7, p4085; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1592496
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robison, William L.
AU  - Conrado, Cynthia L.
AU  - Bogen, Kenneth T.
AU  - Stoker, A. Carol
T1  - The effective and environmental half-life of 137Cs at Coral Islands at the former US nuclear test site
JO  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
JF  - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 69
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 0265931X
AB  - The United States (US) conducted nuclear weapons testing from 1946 to 1958 at Bikini and Enewetak Atolls in the northern Marshall Islands. Based on previous detailed dose assessments for Bikini, Enewetak, Rongelap, and Utirik Atolls over a period of 28 years, cesium-137 (137Cs) at Bikini Atoll contributes about 85–89% of the total estimated dose through the terrestrial food chain as a result of uptake of 137Cs by food crops. The estimated integral 30, 50, and 70-year doses were based on the radiological decay of 137Cs (30-year half-life) and other radionuclides. However, there is a continuing inventory of 137Cs and 90Sr in the fresh water portion of the groundwater at all contaminated atolls even though the turnover rate of the fresh groundwater is about 5 years. This is evidence that a portion of the soluble fraction of 137Cs and 90Sr inventory in the soil is lost by transport to groundwater when rainfall is heavy enough to cause recharge of the lens, resulting in loss of 137Cs from the soil column and root zone of the plants. This loss is in addition to that caused by radioactive decay. The effective rate of loss was determined by two methods: (1) indirectly, from time-dependent studies of the 137Cs concentration in leaves of Pisonia grandis, Guettarda specosia, Tournefortia argentea (also called Messerschmidia), Scaevola taccada, and fruit from Pandanus and coconut trees (Cocos nucifera L.), and (2) more directly, by evaluating the 137Cs/90Sr ratios at Bikini Atoll. The mean (and its lower and upper 95% confidence limits) for effective half-life and for environmental-loss half-life (ELH) based on all the trees studied on Rongelap, Bikini, and Enewetak Atolls are 8.5 years (8.0 years, 9.8 years), and 12 years (11 years, 15 years), respectively. The ELH based on the 137Cs/90Sr ratios in soil in 1987 relative to the137Cs/90Sr ratios at the time of deposition in 1954 is less than 17 years. The magnitude of the decrease below 17 years depends on the ELH for 90Sr that is currently unknown, but some loss of 90Sr does occur along with 137Cs. If the 15-year upper 95% confidence limit on ELH (corresponding to an effective half-life of 9.8 years) is incorporated into dose calculations projected over periods of 30, 50, or 70 years, then corresponding integral doses are 58, 46 and 41%, respectively, of those previously calculated based solely on radiological decay of 137Cs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Radioactivity is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons testing
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - MARSHALL Islands
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - 137Cs transport
KW  - Effective half-life
KW  - Environmental half-life
KW  - Marshall Islands
N1  - Accession Number: 10096429; Robison, William L.; Email Address: robison1@llnl.gov Conrado, Cynthia L. 1 Bogen, Kenneth T. 1 Stoker, A. Carol 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-286, Livermore, CA, 94550-9234, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p207; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons testing; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: MARSHALL Islands; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: 137Cs transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effective half-life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental half-life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Marshall Islands; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0265-931X(03)00080-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Lierop, J.
AU  - Schofield, M.A.
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Gambino, R.J.
T1  - Exchange bias in a thin film dispersion of MnO nanocrystallites in Co
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 264
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 146
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Unusually large magnetization loops shifts along the field axis, of the same order as those observed in the archetypical exchange biased system Co/CoO, have been measured in a Co/MnO thin film made using reactive ion beam assisted deposition. These large loop shifts are unexpected for a system with an antiferromagnetic anisotropy that is two orders of magnitude less than that of CoO. This magnetic behavior is attributed to the nanoscale nature of the crystallites that constitute the film, where the surface area to volume ratio is large enough so that a sizable surface magnetic contribution provides the necessary antiferromagnet to ferromagnet coupling for the large measured exchange bias. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Exchange bias
KW  - Nanocrystal
KW  - Thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 10435369; van Lierop, J. 1; Email Address: johanvl@umich.edu Schofield, M.A. 1 Lewis, L.H. 1 Gambino, R.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 264 Issue 2/3, p146; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00178-1
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dupuis, M.
AU  - Schenter, G.K.
AU  - Garrett, B.G.
AU  - Arcia, E.E.
T1  - Potentials of mean force with ab initio mixed Hamiltonian models of solvation
JO  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
JF  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 632
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 01661280
AB  - We give an account of a computationally tractable and efficient procedure for the calculation of potentials of mean force using mixed Hamiltonian models of electronic structure where quantum subsystems are described with computationally intensive ab initio wavefunctions. The mixed Hamiltonian is mapped into an all-classical Hamiltonian that is amenable to a thermodynamic perturbation treatment for the calculation of free energies. A small number of statistically uncorrelated (solute–solvent) configurations are selected from the Monte Carlo random walk generated with the all-classical Hamiltonian approximation. Those are used in the averaging of the free energy using the mixed quantum/classical Hamiltonian. The methodology is illustrated for the micro-solvated SN2 substitution reaction of methyl chloride by hydroxide. We also compare the potential of mean force calculated with the above protocol with an approximate formalism, one in which the potential of mean force calculated with the all-classical Hamiltonian is simply added to the energy of the isolated (non-solvated) solute along the reaction path. Interestingly the latter approach is found to be in semi-quantitative agreement with the full mixed Hamiltonian approximation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLVATION
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Hamiltonian models
KW  - Mixed Hamiltonians
KW  - Potential of mean force
KW  - Solute
KW  - Solvent
N1  - Accession Number: 10742632; Dupuis, M.; Email Address: michel.dupuis@pnl.gov Schenter, G.K. 1 Garrett, B.G. 1 Arcia, E.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Molecular Interactions and Transformations, K1-83, P.O. 999, 906 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 632 Issue 1-3, p173; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamiltonian models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed Hamiltonians; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potential of mean force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solute; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvent; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0166-1280(03)00297-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chupas
AU  - P. J.
AU  - Corbin
AU  - D. R.
AU  - Rao
AU  - V. N. M.
AU  - Hanson
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Grey
AU  - C. P.
T1  - A Combined Solid-State NMR and Diffraction Study of the Structures and Acidity of Fluorinated Aluminas:  Implications for Catalysis.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 8327
EP  - 8336
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We have investigated the structures of a series of pristine and Zn2+-impregnated aluminas following fluorination with HF, by using both solid-state NMR and X-ray powder diffraction methods. In the absence of any cation impregnation, α-AlF3 and small amounts of β-AlF3 are formed at a temperature of 400 °C with an HF/N2 ratio of 1/1. Even higher fractions of β-AlF3 are formed from the impregnated phases for HF levels of 30% and higher, along with a significant concentration of α-AlF3. In contrast, fluorination of Zn2+-impregnated γ-Al2O3 in dilute HF feeds resulted in formation of the aluminum (hydroxy)fluoride pyrochlore phase, AlF2OH, in significant quantities. Thus, even very low levels of transition metals (<2 wt %) appear to play an important role in controlling the phase formed during the fluorination reaction. The formation of the metastable β-AlF3 and pyrochlore phases, which both contain three- and six-membered Al rings, is ascribed to the presence of high concentrations of protons, either in the starting material or in the fluorinating agent. The pyrochlore phase is stabilized in the presence of Zn, presumably due to the vacant A site in this structure, which can accommodate Zn2+ ions more readily than the vacancies in the β-AlF3 structure. Basic probe molecules (dimethylphenylphosphine), in combination with 31P NMR, were used to study and quantify the surface acidic sites that are formed as a result of fluorination. On the basis of our work, we suggest that the Zn2+ ions are not directly implicated as catalytically active centers. The presence of Zn causes an associated increase in the concentration of coordinatively unsaturated aluminum sites, which can then act as the catalytically active centers for F/Cl exchange reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11643613; Chupas P. J. 1 Corbin D. R. 1 Rao V. N. M. 1 Hanson J. C. 1 Grey C. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, DuPont Central Research and Development, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0262, and Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 33, p8327; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CATIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bruhwiler
AU  - D.
AU  - Frei
AU  - H.
T1  - Structure of Ni(II) and Ru(III) Ammine Complexes Grafted onto Mesoporous Silicate Sieve.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 8547
EP  - 8556
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Ru(III) and Ni(II) ammine complexes were grafted onto the pore surface of MCM-41 by ion exchange from basic aqueous solution. Covalent anchoring of the type M-O-Si (M = Ru or Ni) is obtained by this method. The structure of the grafted complexes was studied by UV-vis, FT-IR, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. [Ru(NH3)5Cl]2+ readily yielded monopodal grafting, while dehydration was needed in the case of [Ru(NH3)6]3+ to achieve substitution of a NH3 ligand with a siloxy group. The interaction of charge-compensating siloxy groups with remaining NH3 ligands further stabilized the grafted Ru(III) centers. Dipodal grafting of Ni(II) was obtained with [Ni(NH3)6-x(H2O)x]2+ (x = 1 or 2). Upon dehydration, the dipodally grafted Ni(II) complexes are converted in a reversible process to a tripodally anchored form through substitution of a H2O ligand by a silanol group. The formation of layered Ni silicate structures, a dominant product in the Ni grafted amorphous silica, was not observed. This demonstrates that simple coordination complexes can be used for accomplishing covalent attachment of isolated metal centers on a mesoporous silicate sieve in high yield. Grafting of Ni(II) onto MCM-41 containing isolated Ti(IV) centers resulted in the formation Ti(IV)-O-Ni(II) moieties, which are of special interest for photochemical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - SILOXANES
N1  - Accession Number: 11643648; Bruhwiler D. 1 Frei H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Mailstop Calvin Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 33, p8547; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: SILOXANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barker, H.W.
AU  - Goldstein, R.K.
AU  - Stevens, D.E.
T1  - Monte Carlo Simulation of Solar Reflectances for Cloudy Atmospheres.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 60
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1881
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - Focuses on the results of Monte Carlo simulations of solar radiative transfer for a well-resolved large three-dimensional domain (3D) of boundary layer cloud.  Attenuation of droplets handled by assigning each cell a cumulative distribution of extinction derived from either a model or an assumed discrete droplet size spectrum.
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 10877595; Barker, H.W. 1 Goldstein, R.K. 2 Stevens, D.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Meteorological Service of Canada  2: University of British Columbia, Canada  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 8/15/2003, Vol. 60 Issue 16, p1881; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Z.P.
AU  - Wu, Z.T.
AU  - Miller, D.J.
T1  - The dislocation microstructure of a nickel-base single-crystal superalloy after tensile fracture
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 354
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 358
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The dislocation microstructure after tensile deformation for a Ni-base single-crystal superalloy has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The samples were strained to fracture at temperatures from room temperature to 1273 K. It was found that for deformation at intermediate temperatures, the dislocation microstructure was inhomogeneous due to the formation of dislocation concentrations with high-density tangling. These dislocation concentrations lie mainly along 〈1 0 0〉 or 〈1 1 0〉 directions, and extend over a length of a few micrometers. In addition, the structure of dislocation networks at the γ/γ′ interfaces formed at high temperature was also studied. Although previous studies have proposed basic configurations for these dislocation networks, the nature of a dislocation segment along the 〈0 1 0〉 direction was unresolved (Phil. Mag. A vol. 74 (1996) 229). In this work, high-resolution electron microscopy observation was used to study these dislocation networks. It was found that most of these segments are actually composed of two pairs of a/2〈1 1 0〉 dislocations with an average spacing of 8.5 nm, while only few of them are composed of single-line a〈1 0 0〉 dislocations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - Dislocation
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Ni-base superalloy
KW  - Tensile deformation
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9907422; Luo, Z.P. 1; Email Address: luo@mic.tamu.edu Wu, Z.T. 2 Miller, D.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Microscopy and Imaging Center, BSBW 119, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2257, USA  2: Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, P.O. Box 81-1, Beijing 100095, China  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 354 Issue 1/2, p358; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni-base superalloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00039-X
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hull, R.
AU  - Gray, J.L.
AU  - Kammler, M.
AU  - Vandervelde, T.
AU  - Kobayashi, T.
AU  - Kumar, P.
AU  - Pernell, T.
AU  - Bean, J.C.
AU  - Floro, J.A.
AU  - Ross, F.M.
T1  - Precision placement of heteroepitaxial semiconductor quantum dots
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 101
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09215107
AB  - We describe two new approaches to the patterning of Si(1 0 0) surfaces for controlled nucleation of heteroepitaxial Ge semiconductor clusters. In the first method, a Ga+-focused ion beam in situ to the growth chamber is used to create local regions of enhanced Ga+ concentration and surface topography. It is shown that at low ion doses (∼1014 cm−2), implanted Ga causes local nucleation of Ge clusters upon the implanted region. At higher doses (≥1015 cm−2), a complex surface topography localizes nucleation of Ge clusters. This approach can be used to seed complex patterns of Ge clusters with diameters of tens of nanometers and positional accuracy of sub-100 nm. The second method employs self-assembly of complex strain-stabilized “quantum quadruplet” and “quantum fortress” structures, whereby cooperative island nucleation around shallow strain-relieving pits is identified during GexSi1−x/Si(1 0 0) heteroepitaxy. These configurations are kinetically limited structures that exist over a range of compositions, growth temperatures, and growth rates, but which are destabilized by strain relaxation (e.g. by the introduction of misfit dislocations) and by growth conditions which provide high adatom surface mobilities. Both methods have broad potential application to nanoelectronic device architectures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - SILICON
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - Controlled nucleation
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - Quantum fortress
KW  - Strain relaxation
KW  - Strained layer epitaxy
N1  - Accession Number: 10232702; Hull, R. 1; Email Address: hull@virginia.edu Gray, J.L. 1 Kammler, M. 1,2 Vandervelde, T. 3 Kobayashi, T. 4 Kumar, P. 4 Pernell, T. 4 Bean, J.C. 4 Floro, J.A. 5 Ross, F.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, University of Virginia, 116 Engineers Way, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA  2: IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Virginia, 382 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, 315 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA  5: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1415, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 101 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Author-Supplied Keyword: Controlled nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum fortress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain relaxation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strained layer epitaxy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5107(02)00680-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rothkamm, Kai
AU  - Krüger, Ines
AU  - Thompson, Larry H.
AU  - Löbrich, Markus
T1  - Pathways of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair during the Mammalian Cell Cycle.
JO  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
JF  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 23
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 5706
SN  - 02707306
AB  - Little is known about the quantitative contributions of nonhomoiogous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) to DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in different cell cycle phases after physiologically relevant doses of ionizing radiation. Using immunofluorescence detection of γ-H2AX nuclear foci as a novel approach for monitoring the repair of DSBs, we show here that NHEJ-defective hamster cells (CHO mutant V3 cells) have strongly reduced repair in all cell cycle phases after 1 Gy of irradiation. In contrast, HR-defective CHO irs1SF cells have a minor repair defect in G[sub 1], greater impairment in S, and a substantial defect in late S/G[sub 2]. Furthermore, the radiosensitivity of irs1SF cells is slight in G, but dramatically higher in late S/G[sub 2], while V3 cells show high sensitivity throughout the cell cycle. These findings show that NHEJ is important in all cell cycle phases, while HR is particularly important in late S/G[sub 2], where both pathways contribute to repair and radioresistance. In contrast to DSBs produced by ionizing radiation, DSBs produced by the replication inhibitor aphidicolin are repaired entirely by HR. irs1SF, but not V3, cells show hypersensitivity to aphidicolin treatment. These data provide the first evaluation of the cell cycle-specific contributions of NHEJ and HR to the repair of radiation-induced versus replication-associated DSBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular & Cellular Biology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - MAMMALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091196; Rothkamm, Kai 1 Krüger, Ines 1 Thompson, Larry H. 2 Löbrich, Markus 1; Email Address: markus.loebrich@uniklinik-saarland.de; Affiliation:  1: Fachrichtung Biophysik, Universitat des Saarlandes  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 23 Issue 16, p5706; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 29 Color Photographs, 3 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 27 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clough, R.L.
T1  - Review of the 5th IRaP Conference
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 208
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 0168583X
N1  - Accession Number: 10274025; Clough, R.L. 1; Email Address: rlclough@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, M.S. 0888, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 208 Issue 1-4, p1; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00629-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maxwell, Robert S.
AU  - Balazs, Bryan
T1  - NMR measurements of residual dipolar couplings for lifetime assessments in γ-irradiated silica-PDMS composite materials
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 208
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We have measured changes in 1H NMR residual dipolar couplings, <f>〈Ωd2〉</f>, and the mean squared fluctuations in the residual dipolar couplings, <f>〈δΩd2〉</f>, associated with cross-link density changes in a complex silica-filled PDPS/PDMS block copolymer composite material. The cross-links were induced by exposure of the composite material to γ-radiation from a Co-60 source. We have detected 1H NMR responses from polymer chains directly interacting with the silica and network polymer chains not directly interacting with the silica. The residual dipolar couplings change in a straight-forward manner with radiation and chemically induced cross-linking of the polymer network. The strength of the filler–polymer interaction was seen to affect only the residual dipolar couplings and the transverse relaxation times and not directly the mean squared fluctuations of the residual dipolar couplings. Dipolar correlation effect NMR shows direct evidence for surface adsorbed species, however, and has measured changes in the amount of surface adsorption due to irradiation. The results suggest that siloxane polymer cross-linking was preceded by an initial disruption of the hydrogen bond interaction between the polymer backbone and the silica silanol groups at the polymer/silica interface and that noticeable radiation induced cross-linking then occurs at dosages above 100 kGray. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - BLOCK copolymers
KW  - Cross-linking
KW  - NMR
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Residual dipolar couplings
KW  - Siloxanes
N1  - Accession Number: 10274061; Maxwell, Robert S.; Email Address: maxwell7@llnl.gov Balazs, Bryan 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 208 Issue 1-4, p199; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: BLOCK copolymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-linking; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual dipolar couplings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Siloxanes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00642-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Sholtis, Johnna D.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Jawdy, Sara S.
T1  - Leaf dynamics of a deciduous forest canopy: no response to elevated CO2.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 136
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 574
EP  - 584
SN  - 00298549
AB  - Leaf area index (LAI) and its seasonal dynamics are key determinants of terrestrial productivity and, therefore, of the response of ecosystems to a rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. Despite the central importance of LAI, there is very little evidence from which to assess how forest LAI will respond to increasing [CO2]. We assessed LAI and related leaf indices of a closed-canopy deciduous forest for 4 years in 25-m-diameter plots that were exposed to ambient or elevated CO2 (542 ppm) in a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment. LAI of this Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) stand was about 6 and was relatively constant year-to-year, including the 2 years prior to the onset of CO2 treatment. LAI throughout the 1999–2002 growing seasons was assessed through a combination of data on photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) transmittance, mass of litter collected in traps, and leaf mass per unit area (LMA). There was no effect of [CO2] on any expression of leaf area, including peak LAI, average LAI, or leaf area duration. Canopy mass and LMA, however, were significantly increased by CO2 enrichment. The hypothesized connection between light compensation point (LCP) and LAI was rejected because LCP was reduced by [CO2] enrichment only in leaves under full sun, but not in shaded leaves. Data on PAR interception also permitted calculation of absorbed PAR (APAR) and light use efficiency (LUE), which are key parameters connecting satellite assessments of terrestrial productivity with ecosystem models of future productivity. There was no effect of [CO2] on APAR, and the observed increase in net primary productivity in elevated [CO2] was ascribed to an increase in LUE, which ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 g MJ-1. The current evidence seems convincing that LAI of non-expanding forest stands will not be different in a future CO2-enriched atmosphere and that increases in LUE and productivity in elevated [CO2] are driven primarily by functional responses rather than by structural changes. Ecosystem or regional models that incorporate feedbacks on resource use through LAI should not assume that LAI will increase with CO2 enrichment of the atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUIDAMBAR
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY active radiation (PAR)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - Absorbed PAR
KW  - Free-air CO2 enrichment
KW  - Leaf area index
KW  - Light-use efficiency
KW  - Liquidambar styraciflua
N1  - Accession Number: 16767120; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov Sholtis, Johnna D. 2 Gunderson, Carla A. 1 Jawdy, Sara S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA  2: Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 136 Issue 4, p574; Subject Term: LIQUIDAMBAR; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY active radiation (PAR); Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorbed PAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-air CO2 enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leaf area index; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light-use efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquidambar styraciflua; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00442-003-1296-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abrikosov, A.A.
T1  - Metal–insulator transition in layered cuprates (SDW model)
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 391
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The metal–insulator transition in layered cuprates is analyzed on the basis of the assumption that it is due to formation of a spin-density wave (). The phase diagram in the plane of temperature and doping is calculated (); doping is described by the chemical potential. The phase transition from the insulating antiferromagnetic phase to a metallic paramagnetic phase proves to be a second order transition at small dopings and a first order transition at larger ones. The connection between the chemical potential and measurable physical properties is analyzed (). In the metallic phase it defines the volume, enclosed in the Fermi surface, which is always large. In the insulating phase it defines the energy gap. Next, the role of disorder is studied (). It is shown that disorder reduces the antiferromagnetic region at the phase diagram but qualitatively does not change the nature of the transitions, namely second order at smaller dopings and first order at larger ones. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - PHASE diagrams
N1  - Accession Number: 10179058; Abrikosov, A.A. 1; Email Address: abrikosov@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 391 Issue 2, p147; Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00888-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eom, J.
AU  - Aumentado, J.
AU  - Chandrasekhar, V.
AU  - Baldo, P.M.
AU  - Rehn, L.E.
T1  - Superconducting proximity effect in the presence of strong spin scattering
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 127
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 545
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We report measurements of the four terminal temperature dependent resistance of narrow Au wires implanted with 100 ppm Fe impurities in proximity to superconducting Al films. The wires show an initial decrease in resistance as the temperature is lowered through the superconducting transition of the Al films, but then show an increase in resistance as the temperature is lowered further. In contrast to the case of pure Au wires in contact with a superconducting film, the resistance at the lowest temperatures rises above the normal state resistance. Analysis of the data shows that, in addition to contributions from magnetic scattering and electron–electron interactions, the temperature dependent resistivity shows a substantial contribution from the superconducting proximity effect, which exists even in the presence of strong spin scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - ALUMINUM films
KW  - A. Heterojunctions
KW  - A. Superconductors
KW  - D. Electronic transport
KW  - D. Kondo effects
N1  - Accession Number: 10575315; Eom, J. 1; Email Address: eom@sejong.ac.kr Aumentado, J. 2 Chandrasekhar, V. 2 Baldo, P.M. 3 Rehn, L.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Sejong University, Kunja-Dong 98, Kwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-747 South Korea  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 127 Issue 8, p545; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ALUMINUM films; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Heterojunctions; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Kondo effects; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00488-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Glen P.
AU  - King, Fred L.
T1  - Bulk plasma properties in the pulsed glow discharge
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 58
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1417
SN  - 05848547
AB  - This work focuses on the spatial and temporal characteristics of a glow discharge plasma operated with power pulses of 5 ms in duration at 25% duty cycle. Interpretation of emission data provides insight into the nature of the plasma at each instant of a typical pulse cycle and at each position in space. Because the bulk plasma properties affect the distribution of excited energy levels of the sputtered atoms, an improved understanding of the plasma affords the ability to select conditions that enhance analytically important emission lines. Optical emission spectroscopy was used to determine the relative populations of excited states for atoms and ions during the initial breakdown, the steady state and the recombining periods of the discharge pulse cycle. The plasma is highly ionizing in nature at the time of breakdown—with lower excited states being overpopulated—before reaching the steady state, or plateau, period, also ionizing in nature. These behaviors arise from a loss of charged particles and photons to the surroundings that shifts the plasma away from Saha and Boltzmann balances during these periods. The post-pulse period typically displays recombining behavior, characterized by population inversion for selected species—except for regions close to the cathode, where electrons and ions are lost by diffusion and are not available for recombination. The sputtered analyte atom emissions closely mimic those of the plasma bath gas, except that their emissions persevere for longer in the recombining after-peak period than do the discharge gas species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - PULSE circuits
KW  - Atomic emission
KW  - Ionizing plasma
KW  - Pulsed glow discharge
KW  - Recombining plasma
KW  - Transient plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 10571168; Jackson, Glen P. 1 King, Fred L. 2; Email Address: fred.king@mail.wvu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6045, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 58 Issue 8, p1417; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: PULSE circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionizing plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed glow discharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombining plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient plasma; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0584-8547(03)00090-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennedy, Francis E.
AU  - Lidhagen, David
AU  - Erdemir, Ali
AU  - Woodford, John B.
AU  - Kato, Takahisa
T1  - Tribological behavior of hard carbon coatings on steel substrates
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 255
IS  - 7-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 854
SN  - 00431648
AB  - In this work the tribological behavior of hard carbon films on steel substrates has been studied under moderately high contact stress conditions. Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings of 1 μm thickness were deposited by a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process on hardened substrates made from 4140 alloy steel. The coated flat specimens were tested in an oscillatory pin-on-disk configuration in contact with either uncoated or carbon-coated hardened steel balls. Peak Hertzian contact pressures ranged from about 300 to 500 MPa and mean sliding velocity was 50 mm/s. In some tests, the specimens were lubricated with 10W-30 motor oil.It was found that wear of the carbon coatings was approximately linearly proportional to contact force. For unlubricated tests, wear rates of the coated specimens were about 200 times less than rates of wear of uncoated steel specimens for the same contact force. The contacting steel ball (uncoated) showed even greater wear reduction (more than 3 orders of magnitude) when tested against coated substrates. Friction coefficients were four to five times lower for coated specimens. Coating the ball as well as the flat resulted in a further reduction (about 50%) in wear of both ball and flat. Friction and wear reduction brought about by carbon coating in lubricated tests was less than for unlubricated specimens. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEEL
KW  - TRIBOLOGY
KW  - Hard carbon coating
KW  - Steel substrates
KW  - Tribological
N1  - Accession Number: 10366903; Kennedy, Francis E. 1; Email Address: francis.kennedy@dartmouth.edu Lidhagen, David 1 Erdemir, Ali 2 Woodford, John B. 2 Kato, Takahisa 3; Affiliation:  1: Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  3: National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan; Source Info: Aug-Sep2003, Vol. 255 Issue 7-12, p854; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: TRIBOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard carbon coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steel substrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tribological; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00223-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10366903&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shi, B.
AU  - Ajayi, O.O.
AU  - Fenske, G.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
AU  - Liang, H.
T1  - Tribological performance of some alternative bearing materials for artificial joints
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 255
IS  - 7-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1015
SN  - 00431648
AB  - In current artificial joints consisting of metal or ceramic and polyethylene (ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, UHMWPE) bearing surfaces, the wear debris of polyethylene is the main cause for shortening implant’s life. In order to enhance the durability of human artificial joints, alternative bearing surfaces may be needed. In the present study, the tribological performance of several candidate implant materials, including the diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin film coating on stainless steel were investigated. A pin-on-flat contact configuration in reciprocating sliding was used for preliminary materials evaluation and friction and wear testing. Test pairs were lubricated with bovine blood serum. The DLC coating sliding against uncoated stainless steel showed the lowest friction coefficient and very little, if any, wear. Wear mechanisms in tests of ceramics and steel pairs were primarily abrasive. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL joints
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - Artificial joints
KW  - Diamond-like carbon
KW  - Friction and wear
N1  - Accession Number: 10366925; Shi, B. 1; Email Address: ftbs@uaf.edu Ajayi, O.O. 2 Fenske, G. 2 Erdemir, A. 2 Liang, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 756160 Fairbanks, AK 99775-6160, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug-Sep2003, Vol. 255 Issue 7-12, p1015; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL joints; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Artificial joints; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond-like carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction and wear; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00276-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Covert, Rebeccah J.
AU  - Ott, R.D.
AU  - Ku, David N.
T1  - Friction characteristics of a potential articular cartilage biomaterial
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 255
IS  - 7-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1064
SN  - 00431648
AB  - Many biomaterials are being developed to repair or replace articular cartilage. One of these materials, a poly(vinyl-alcohol) cryogel (PVA-c) may exhibit the mechanical properties required to withstand the harsh environment of diarthrodial joints. To better understand how PVA-c friction is affected by different variables employed in bench top testing to simulate joint conditions, a six-factor, two-level fractional–factorial experiment was developed. Factors included temperature, lubricant, material stiffness, load, sliding speed, and surface roughness. Static and dynamic friction were found to depend significantly on material stiffness and roughness, increasing as material stiffness and roughness increased. Dynamic friction was also inversely proportional to sliding speed. Overall static and dynamic friction for all variables was <F>0.285±0.091</F> and <F>0.143±0.066</F> (<F>average±S.D.</F>), respectively. Material deformation and other factors may have contributed to the higher than expected friction levels. Frictional behavior of this PVA-c against stainless steel does not follow Amonton’s friction law, nor does it follow friction models based on repulsion and adsorption theories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMEDICAL materials
KW  - JOINTS (Anatomy)
KW  - Biomaterials
KW  - Cartilage
KW  - Friction
KW  - Poly(vinyl-alcohol)
N1  - Accession Number: 10366933; Covert, Rebeccah J. 1 Ott, R.D. 2 Ku, David N. 1,3; Email Address: david.ku@me.gatech.edu; Affiliation:  1: GWW School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  3: SaluMedica, LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA; Source Info: Aug-Sep2003, Vol. 255 Issue 7-12, p1064; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL materials; Subject Term: JOINTS (Anatomy); Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomaterials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cartilage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(vinyl-alcohol); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00113-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10366933&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blau, Peter J.
AU  - Meyer III, Harry M.
T1  - Characteristics of wear particles produced during friction tests of conventional and unconventional disc brake materials
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2003/08/15/
VL  - 255
IS  - 7-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1261
SN  - 00431648
AB  - Recent attention to the improvement of line-haul truck brake effectiveness, to compensate for lowered aerodynamic drag and to increase road safety, has prompted the US Department of Energy to support several projects aimed at the development of lightweight, high-performance friction materials. Using a specially designed, sub-scale disc brake testing system, a series of experiments was conducted to study the friction, wear, and frictional heating characteristics of both conventional and unconventional candidate disc brake materials. The selected sliding speed (11.0 m/s) was comparable to that experienced by a commercial disc brake surface on a truck travelling 60 miles/h (96.6 km/h). Material combinations included a commercial friction material on a gray cast iron disc, a commercial friction material on an aluminum metal matrix composite disc, a commercial friction material on a cast iron aluminide (Fe3Al) alloy disc, and a carbon/silicon carbide material pad on a disc of similar composition. An adhesive extraction method was used to remove the loose wear particles from the surfaces of the test discs. The characteristics of brake material wear particles differed significantly between the four sliding material combinations studied and are correlated with both surface roughness changes and wear modes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOMOBILE brakes
KW  - MECHANICAL wear
KW  - Brakes
KW  - Carbon-Ceramic Composites
KW  - Cast iron
KW  - Friction materials
KW  - Intermetallic alloys
KW  - Wear debris
N1  - Accession Number: 10366958; Blau, Peter J.; Email Address: blaupj@ornl.gov Meyer III, Harry M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Aug-Sep2003, Vol. 255 Issue 7-12, p1261; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE brakes; Subject Term: MECHANICAL wear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brakes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon-Ceramic Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cast iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear debris; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336340 Motor Vehicle Brake System Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00111-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10366958&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manaa, M. Riad
T1  - Shear-induced metallization of triamino-trinitrobenzene crystals.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/18/
VL  - 83
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1352
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - I report first principle density-functional calculations that demonstrate an insulator-metal transition based on the bending of covalent bonds in 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, an organic molecular crystal. The critical shear angle responsible for the vanishing of the energy band gap is achieved at near constant volume via a 55° bending of the nitro group out of the molecular plane, accompanied by 0.1 Å stretch in the N–O bonds. The energy needed for inducing this motion is of the same order of magnitude as the energy band gap. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR crystals
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 10543241; Manaa, M. Riad 1; Email Address: manaal@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of california, Lawrence Livermore national Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-282, Livermore, california 94551; Source Info: 8/18/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 7, p1352; Subject Term: MOLECULAR crystals; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1603351
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10543241&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Foltyn, S. R.
AU  - Arendt, P. N.
AU  - H. Wang
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.
AU  - Coulter, Y.
AU  - Venkataraman, K.
AU  - Maroni, V. A.
T1  - The role of a superconducting seed layer in the structural and transport properties of EuBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-x] films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/18/
VL  - 83
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1388
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on the structural and transport properties of EuBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-x] (Eu123) films on SrTiO[sub 3] substrates. A substrate temperature 100 °C higher than that used to deposit YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-x] (Y123) is needed to grow high-performance Eu123 films directly on SrTiO[sub 3] substrates. However, this high-temperature restriction can be circumvented by inserting a seed layer (∼12 nm) of Y123, Gd123, or Dy123 between the substrate and the Eu123. A structural analysis reveals that a transition region that promotes the growth of the a-axis is first formed on the surface of the substrate if the Eu123 is deposited directly on SrTiO[sub 3] at a temperature of less than 800 °C. On the other hand, the use of a seed layer of another superconducting material restructures the Eu123 to the right phase without forming this transition region. Eu123 films with critical temperatures of 94 K and critical current densities of 5.8×10[sup 6] A/cm[sup 2] at 75.5 K have been deposited under standard deposition conditions using such an approach. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 10543229; Jia, Q. X. 1; Email Address: gxijia@lanl.gov Foltyn, S. R. 1 Arendt, P. N. 1 H. Wang 1 MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. 1 Coulter, Y. 1 Venkataraman, K. 2 Maroni, V. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 875458.  2: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 8/18/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 7, p1388; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1601680
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10543229&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saha, S.
AU  - Kaufman, D. Y.
AU  - Streiffer, S. K.
AU  - Auciello, O.
T1  - Anomalous leakage current characteristics of Pt/(Ba[sub 0.75],Sr[sub 0.25])Ti[sub 1+y]O[sub 3+z]/Pt thin films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/18/
VL  - 83
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1414
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The leakage and dielectric properties of a thickness series (90–480 nm) of {100} fiber-textured metalorganic chemical vapor deposited (Ba[sub 0.75]Sr[sub 0.25])Ti[sub 1+y]O[sub 3+z] (BST) thin films on Pt/SiO[sub 2]/Si were investigated. The permittivity demonstrated a suppressed temperature and electric field response that transitioned to a more bulk-like response with increasing thickness, consistent with earlier observations. At low fields the leakage currents showed a weak-field dependence and a monotonic increase with increasing temperature. In contrast, a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) was observed in the leakage current behavior at high-field. The PTCR behavior was more pronounced for thicker BST films. The observed effect is contrasted with PTCR behavior in bulk BaTiO[sub 3] ceramics. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 10543220; Saha, S. 1; Email Address: saha@anl.gov Kaufman, D. Y. 2 Streiffer, S. K. Auciello, O.; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Lzborator 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 8/18/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 7, p1414; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604484
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10543220&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roiban, Radu
AU  - Tatar, Radu
AU  - Walcher, Johannes
T1  - Massless flavor in geometry and matrix models
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/08/18/
VL  - 665
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 05503213
AB  - The proper inclusion of flavor in the Dijkgraaf–Vafa proposal for the solution of <f>N=1</f> gauge theories through matrix models has been subject of debate in the recent literature. We here reexamine this issue by geometrically engineering fundamental matter with type IIB branes wrapped on noncompact cycles in the resolved geometry, and following them through the geometric transition. Our approach treats massive and massless flavor fields on equal footing, including the mesons. We also study the geometric transitions and superpotentials for finite mass of the adjoint field. All superpotentials we compute reproduce the field theory results. Crucial insights come from T-dual brane constructions in type IIA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - SUPERSTRING theories
KW  - MASS (Musical form)
N1  - Accession Number: 10688820; Roiban, Radu 1; Email Address: radu@vulcan2.physics.ucsb.edu Tatar, Radu 2,3; Email Address: rtatar@socrates.berkeley.edu Walcher, Johannes 4; Email Address: walcher@kitp.ucsb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  2: Department of Physics, 366 Le Conte Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 665 Issue 1-3, p211; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: SUPERSTRING theories; Subject Term: MASS (Musical form); Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00451-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10688820&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghose, Shohini
AU  - Alsing, Paul M.
AU  - Deutsch, Ivan H.
AU  - Jessen, Poul S.
AU  - Haycock, David L.
AU  - Bhattachaiya, Tanmoy
AU  - Habib, Salman
AU  - Jacobs, Kurt
T1  - Quantum And Classical Dynamics Of Atoms In A Magneto-optical Lattice.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/19/
VL  - 676
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The transport of ultra-cold atoms in magneto-optical potentials provides a clean setting in which to investigate the distinct predictions of classical versus quantum dynamics for a system with coupled degrees of freedom. In this system, entanglement at the quantum level and chaos at the classical level arise from the coupling between the atomic spin and its center-of-mass motion. Experiments, performed deep in the quantum regime, correspond to dynamic quantum tunneling. This nonclassical behavior is contrasted with the predictions for an initial phase space distribution produced in the experiment, but undergoing classical Hamiltonian flow. We study conditions under which the trapped atoms can be made to exhibit classical dynamics through the process of continuous measurement, which localizes the probability distribution to phase space trajectories, consistent with the uncertainty principle and quantum “back-action” noise. This method allows us to analytically and numerically identify the quantum-classical boundary. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOOPTICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MAGNETIC circular dichroism
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 10763741; Ghose, Shohini 1 Alsing, Paul M. 1 Deutsch, Ivan H. 1 Jessen, Poul S. 2 Haycock, David L. 2 Bhattachaiya, Tanmoy 3 Habib, Salman 3 Jacobs, Kurt 3; Affiliation:  1: Dept of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico. Albuquerque, NM, 87131.  2: Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.  3: T-8, Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 676 Issue 1, p283; Subject Term: MAGNETOOPTICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC circular dichroism; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1612224
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10763741&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, Ralph
AU  - Daw, Stuart
AU  - Finney, Charles
AU  - Flynn, Tom
AU  - Fuller, Tim
T1  - Flamedoctor™: Nonlinear Burner Diagnostic System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/19/
VL  - 676
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Utility power plants are employing advanced control systems to improve performance over the load range. The performance of the boiler combustion system is critical to the overall performance. Flame Doctor™, which has been developed by McDermott Technology, Inc. and Oak Ridge National Laboratory under sponsorship of Electric Power Research Institute, performs diagnostics on an individual burner basis. The system consists of analogue-to-digital signal conversion and conditioning hardware, analysis software, and a graphical user interface. Time varying voltage signals from all of the burner flame scanners on a boiler are analyzed simultaneously. Nonlinear techniques such as symbolization and time asymmetry along with linear techniques such as power spectral analysis are used. The nonlinear techniques discriminate stability features in the combustion dynamics not possible with the linear techniques alone. The assessments for a variety of flame conditions are collected in a reference library. Libraries have been created for a number of flame scanners types. The Flame Doctor™ burner diagnostic system is described. Results from the first utility installation at Ameren UE Meramec power plant are shown. A live hook-up to the power plant is demonstrated. Flame Doctor™ is being offered commercially under alpha and beta demonstrations through the Electric Power Research Institute and Babcock & Wilcox. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - MCDERMOTT Technology Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 10763683; Bailey, Ralph 1 Daw, Stuart 2 Finney, Charles 2 Flynn, Tom 1 Fuller, Tim 2; Affiliation:  1: McDermott Technology, Inc., Alliance, Ohio.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 676 Issue 1, p387; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Company/Entity: MCDERMOTT Technology Inc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1612282
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10763683&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pannala, Sreekanth
AU  - Daw, Stuart
AU  - Halow, John
T1  - Low-Order Bubble Model for Bubbling Fluidized Beds — A Case Study of Ozone Decomposition.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/19/
VL  - 676
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A dynamical model for bubble behavior in fluidized beds was developed by Daw and Halow [1] based on experimental observations of bubble interactions. The model is a set of nonlinear, ordinary differential equations, each equation representing the time rate of change of the vertical position for a given bubble. This model has been used for near realtime simulation of 3-D fluidized beds and studied extensively. This agent-based model has been extended for chemical reactions and ozone decomposition in fluidized beds is reported in this paper. The results from these simulations predict the conversion data of ozone decomposition (Fryer and Potter, 1976). This talk will also discuss the next steps and how this model can be extended to design and control fluidized beds. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - OZONE layer depletion
N1  - Accession Number: 10763684; Pannala, Sreekanth 1 Daw, Stuart 1 Halow, John 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 676 Issue 1, p387; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: OZONE layer depletion; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1612281
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10763684&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norga, Koenraad K.
AU  - Gurganus, Marjorie C.
AU  - Dilda, Christy L.
AU  - Yamamoto, Akihiko
AU  - Lyman, Richard F.
AU  - Patel, Prajal H.
AU  - Rubin, Gerald M.
AU  - Hoskins, Roger A.
AU  - Mackay, Trudy F.
AU  - Bellen, Hugo J.
T1  - Quantitative Analysis of Bristle Number in Drosophila Mutants Identifies Genes Involved in Neural Development
JO  - Current Biology
JF  - Current Biology
Y1  - 2003/08/19/
VL  - 13
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1388
SN  - 09609822
AB  - Background: The identification of the function of all genes that contribute to specific biological processes and complex traits is one of the major challenges in the postgenomic era. One approach is to employ forward genetic screens in genetically tractable model organisms. In Drosophila melanogaster, P element-mediated insertional mutagenesis is a versatile tool for the dissection of molecular pathways, and there is an ongoing effort to tag every gene with a P element insertion. However, the vast majority of P element insertion lines are viable and fertile as homozygotes and do not exhibit obvious phenotypic defects, perhaps because of the tendency for P elements to insert 5′ of transcription units. Quantitative genetic analysis of subtle effects of P element mutations that have been induced in an isogenic background may be a highly efficient method for functional genome annotation.Results: Here, we have tested the efficacy of this strategy by assessing the extent to which screening for quantitative effects of P elements on sensory bristle number can identify genes affecting neural development. We find that such quantitative screens uncover an unusually large number of genes that are known to function in neural development, as well as genes with yet uncharacterized effects on neural development, and novel loci.Conclusions: Our findings establish the use of quantitative trait analysis for functional genome annotation through forward genetics. Similar analyses of quantitative effects of P element insertions will facilitate our understanding of the genes affecting many other complex traits in Drosophila. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Biology is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETIC engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 10636958; Norga, Koenraad K. 1,2 Gurganus, Marjorie C. 3 Dilda, Christy L. 3 Yamamoto, Akihiko 3 Lyman, Richard F. 3 Patel, Prajal H. 4 Rubin, Gerald M. 5 Hoskins, Roger A. 6 Mackay, Trudy F. 3; Email Address: hbellen@bcm.tmc.edu Bellen, Hugo J. 1,4; Email Address: trudy_mackay@ncsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room T630, Houston, TX 77030 USA  2: Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room T630, Houston, TX 77030 USA  3: Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Box 7614, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA  4: Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room T630, Houston, TX 77030 USA  5: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Box 539, Life Sciences Annex Building, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  6: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 64-121, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 13 Issue 16, p1388; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETIC engineering; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00546-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10636958&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Venturini, E. L.
AU  - Samara, G. A.
AU  - Itoh, M.
AU  - Kleemann, W.
T1  - Pressure As A Probe Of The Physics Of Compositionally-Substituted Quantum Paraelectrics: SrTiO3.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 677
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The influence of pressure on the dielectric properties and phase behavior was investigated for two substituted single crystals of SrTiO3: (a) 18O exchanged SrTi18O3 [STO-18] and (b) lightly doped Sr1-xCaxTiO3 with x = 0.007 [SCT (0.007)]. The 18O atoms in STO-18 reduce both the quantum fluctuations of the TiO6 octahedra and the frequency of the soft phonon mode, leading to a ferroelectric (FE) state via a first-order transition with Tc ∼ 24 K at 1 bar. Tc decreases very rapidly under pressure with an initial slope of ∼ 20 K/kbar, reaching the quantum displacive limit (Tc = 0 K) near 0.7 kbar. In the case of SCT (0.007), fluctuating polar nanodomains surround the off-center Ca dopants and grow in size as the correlation length for dipolar interactions in the SrTiO3 host increases with decreasing temperature. Ultimately, the fluctuations slow down and the nanodomains “freeze” into a relaxor state with Tmax ∼ 18 K; pressure reduces Tmax with an initial slope of ∼ 35 K/kbar. Both the FE transition in STO-18 and the relaxor state of SCT (0.007) are completely suppressed below 1 kbar and a quantum paraelectric state emerges. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 10603893; Venturini, E. L. 1 Samara, G. A. 1 Itoh, M. 2 Kleemann, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Nanostructure and Advanced Materials Chemistry, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1421, USA.  2: Materials & Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.  3: Laboratorium für Angewandte Physik, Gerhard-Mercator-Universität Duisburg, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 677 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1609931
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10603893&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chapline, George
T1  - Quantum Phase Transitions and the Failure of Classical General Relativity.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 18
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3587
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Explores the failure of classical general relativity.  Features of phase transitions; Actual fate of matter hitting the critical surface of a quantum back hole; Universal strength of the interactions; Superfluid model for space-time.
KW  - GENERAL relativity (Physics)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SPACE & time
KW  - SUPERMASSIVE black holes
N1  - Accession Number: 10755872; Chapline, George 1; Email Address: chapline1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 8/20/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 21, p3587; Subject Term: GENERAL relativity (Physics); Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SPACE & time; Subject Term: SUPERMASSIVE black holes; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maye, Mathew M.
AU  - Jin Luo
AU  - Lim, I-Im S.
AU  - Li Han
AU  - Kariuki, Nancy N.
AU  - Rabinovich, Daniel
AU  - Tianbo Liu
AU  - Chuan-Jian Zhong
T1  - Size-Controlled Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles Induced by a Tridentate Thioether Ligand.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 125
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 9906
EP  - 9907
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Examines the size-controlled assembly of gold nanoparticles induced by a tridentate thioether (TT) ligand.  Determination of the molecular driving forces exerted by the TT ligand; Measurement of the diameter of the spherical assembly.
KW  - GOLD
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ETHER (Anesthetic)
N1  - Accession Number: 10739618; Maye, Mathew M. 1 Jin Luo 1 Lim, I-Im S. 1 Li Han 1 Kariuki, Nancy N. 1 Rabinovich, Daniel 2 Tianbo Liu 3 Chuan-Jian Zhong 1; Email Address: cjzhong@binghamton.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina  3: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 8/20/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 33, p9906; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ETHER (Anesthetic); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sangmin Jeon
AU  - Turner, Jeff
AU  - Granick, Steve
T1  - Noncontact Temperature Measurement in Microliter-Sized Volumes Using Fluorescent-Labeled DNA Oligomers.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 125
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 9908
EP  - 9909
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Proposes a method for sensing temperature based on the large temperature sensitivity of the fluorescence lifetime of fluorescent-labeled DNA oligomers.  Modulation of the spacing between a fluorescent dye and a designed sequence of DNA bases; Two-photon excitation of fluorescence.
KW  - TEMPERATURE sense
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 10739619; Sangmin Jeon 1 Turner, Jeff 2 Granick, Steve 2; Email Address: sgranick@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Science Engineering Research, Division of Computer Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Illinois; Source Info: 8/20/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 33, p9908; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE sense; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Staiger, Chad L.
AU  - Loy, Douglas A.
AU  - Jamison, Gregory M.
AU  - Schneider, Duane A.
AU  - Cornelius, Christopher J.
T1  - A Parallel Colorimetric Method for the Rapid Discovery and Optimization of Heterogeneous Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 125
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 9920
EP  - 9921
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Proposes a parallel colorimetric method for the rapid discovery and optimization of heterogeneous hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts.  Measurement of the relatively severe temperatures and pressures required for HDS; Design of dye molecules used to probe catalyst activity.
KW  - COLORIMETRIC analysis
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - DESULFURIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10739625; Staiger, Chad L. 1,2 Loy, Douglas A. 1,2; Email Address: daloy@lanl.gov Jamison, Gregory M. 1,2; Email Address: gmjamis@sandia.gov Schneider, Duane A. 1,2 Cornelius, Christopher J. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Chem & Technologie/Materials Chemistry Departments, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico  2: Polymers and Coating Group, MS E549, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 8/20/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 33, p9920; Subject Term: COLORIMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: DESULFURIZATION; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiaowu Yang
AU  - Martinovic, Suzana
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Gong, Bing
T1  - Duplex Foldamers from Assembly Induced Folding.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 125
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 9932
EP  - 9933
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Characterizes oligoamide strands that associate into hydrogen-bonded duplexes and adopt folded conformations in the final assembled architectures.  Stabilization of the folded structures by both hydrogen-bonding and aromatic stacking interactions; Modular nature of the oligoamide system.
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 10739631; Xiaowu Yang 1 Martinovic, Suzana 2 Smith, Richard D. 2 Gong, Bing 1; Email Address: bgong@chem.buffalo.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York  2: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington; Source Info: 8/20/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 33, p9932; Subject Term: AMIDES; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baer, Donald R.
T1  - Sharpening our understanding but blurring the boundaries: Dynamic observations of surface reconstruction
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 540
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 00396028
KW  - and topography
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM)
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10426935; Baer, Donald R. 1; Email Address: don.baer@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 540 Issue 2/3, p153; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00829-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCarty, K.F.
AU  - Bartelt, N.C.
T1  - Spatially resolved dynamics of the TiO2(<f>1 1 0</f>) surface reconstruction
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 540
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We use low-energy electron microscopy to image the reversible transformation of the TiO2(1 1 0) surface between a high-temperature 1 × 1 structure and a low-temperature 1 × 2 structure. The reconstruction dynamics are novel: 1 × 2 bands nucleated during cooling at the steps of the starting 1 × 1 surface and then grew laterally from the steps. The transformation kinetics are dominated by mass flow from the surface to the bulk, a process that facilitates converting the high-density 1 × 1 phase to the lower-density 1 × 2 phase. We have also imaged how the 1 × 1 surface reconstructs to 1 × 2 phase after sufficient oxygen is removed from the crystal’s bulk during vacuum annealing. 1 × 2 bands also nucleated and grew laterally from the initial 1 × 1-surface’s steps. However, because this isothermal 1 × 1-to-1 × 2 transition occurs largely by mass redistribution on the surface, the steps of the initial 1 × 1 surface and final 1 × 2 surface are offset. We propose models of mass redistribution during the 1 × 1/1 × 2 phase transition to explain this effect. We conclude that the phase transition is first-order because it always occurred by the nucleation and growth of discrete phases. Finally, we show that quenching can roughen TiO2’s surface by forming pits and that changing temperature causes step motion on 1 × 2 surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL whiskers
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - and topography
KW  - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM)
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions)
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10426944; McCarty, K.F.; Email Address: mccarty@sandia.gov Bartelt, N.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 540 Issue 2/3, p157; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL whiskers; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions); Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00824-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, J.X.
AU  - Ocko, B.M.
AU  - Adzic, R.R.
T1  - Overpotential deposition of Ag monolayer and bilayer on Au(1 1 1) mediated by Pb adlayer underpotential deposition/stripping cycles
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 540
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 230
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Ultra-thin Ag films on the Au(1 1 1) surface were prepared via overpotential deposition (OPD) in the presence of Pb2+ ions. By carrying out repetitive Pb adlayer underpotential deposition (UPD) and stripping cycles during Ag bulk deposition, the two-dimensional growth of Ag films was significantly enhanced in high OPD. The Ag monolayer sample was made by comparing the voltammetry curves, in which the signatures for Pb adlayer UPD on Au(1 1 1) changed to that on Ag(1 1 1). As demonstrated by the X-ray specular reflectivity measurements, nearly complete monolayer and bilayer films can be made with optimized deposition procedures. On subatomic scale, however, we found that these films have significant higher root-mean-square displacement amplitudes than those underpotentially deposited Ag monolayer and bilayer on either Au(1 1 1) or Pt(1 1 1). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILVER
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - and topography
KW  - Growth
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 10426949; Wang, J.X. 1; Email Address: jia@bnl.gov Ocko, B.M. 2 Adzic, R.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, NY 11733, USA  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 540 Issue 2/3, p230; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00792-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ball, M.J.
AU  - Lucas, C.A.
AU  - Marković, N.M.
AU  - Stamenković, V.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
T1  - Surface X-ray scattering studies of the growth of Pd thin films on the Pt(0 0 1) electrode surface and the effects of the adsorption of CO
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 540
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The morphology of electrochemically deposited Pd films on the Pt(0 0 1) electrode surface has been examined through the combination of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and in situ surface X-ray scattering (SXS). Analysis of SXS measurements has indicated that the Pd grows via pseudomorphic island formation, with the partial occupation of successive layers occurring at a first layer occupation of 0.8 ML. Further Pd deposition sees the formation of larger islands built onto the now complete monolayer, characteristic of pseudomorphic Stranski–Krastanov (SK) growth. In the HUPD potential region the effect of CO on the surface expansion of the multilayer Pd film is negligible. In the hydrogen evolution region, however, the effect of the adsorption of CO has been shown to produce surface normal expansion and in-plane disorder of the Pd film. It is suggested that hydrogen permeation into the Pd film is enhanced on the CO-poisoned surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - and topography
KW  - Electrochemical methods
KW  - morphology
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Platinum
KW  - roughness
KW  - Solid–liquid interfaces
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 10426956; Ball, M.J. 1 Lucas, C.A. 1; Email Address: clucas@liv.ac.uk Marković, N.M. 2 Stamenković, V. 2 Ross, P.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 540 Issue 2/3, p295; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–liquid interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00841-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zepeda-Ruiz, Luis A.
AU  - Henry Weinberg, W.
AU  - Maroudas, Dimitrios
T1  - Combined effects of substrate compliance and film compositional grading on strain relaxation in layer-by-layer semiconductor heteroepitaxy: the case of InAs/In0.50Ga0.50As/GaAs(1 1 1)A
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/08/20/
VL  - 540
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
SN  - 00396028
AB  - A systematic theoretical analysis is presented of the combined effects of substrate compliance and film compositional grading on the relaxation of strain due to lattice mismatch in layer-by-layer semiconductor heteroepitaxy. The analysis is based on a combination of continuum elasticity theory and a novel atomistic simulation approach for modeling structural and compositional relaxation in layer-by-layer heteroepitaxial systems. Results are presented for InAs epitaxy on GaAs(1 1 1)A compliant substrates with some marginal film compositional grading that consists of one monolayer of In0.50Ga0.50As grown on the substrate surface prior to InAs growth. A parametric study is carried out over a wide range of substrate thicknesses. Interfacial stability with respect to misfit dislocation formation, the dependence on substrate thickness of a thermodynamic critical film thickness, and the completion of the coherent-to-semicoherent interfacial transition are examined in detail. In addition, the structural characteristics and compositional distribution of the corresponding semicoherent interfaces, the associated strain fields, as well as the film surface morphological characteristics are analyzed. Most importantly, the role of segregation at defects of a semicoherent interface in the thermodynamics of layer-by-layer heteroepitaxial growth is demonstrated. Our study shows that systematic combination of the mechanical behavior of thin compliant substrates with grading of the epitaxial film composition provides a very promising engineering strategy for strain relaxation in heteroepitaxy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics
KW  - Gallium arsenide
KW  - Indium arsenide
KW  - Semiconductor–semiconductor interfaces
KW  - Semiconductor–semiconductor thin film structures
N1  - Accession Number: 10426963; Zepeda-Ruiz, Luis A. 1; Email Address: zepedaruiz1@llnl.gov Henry Weinberg, W. 2 Maroudas, Dimitrios 3; Email Address: maroudas@ecs.umass.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-353, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Symyx Technologies Inc., 3100 Central Expressway, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA  3: Chemical Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 540 Issue 2/3, p363; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium arsenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indium arsenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor–semiconductor interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor–semiconductor thin film structures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00870-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balakirev, Fedor F.
AU  - Bells, Jonathan B.
AU  - Migliori, Albert
AU  - Ono, S.
AU  - Yoichi Ando, S.
AU  - Boehinger, Gregory S.
T1  - Signature of optimal doping in Hall-effect measurements on a high-temperature superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/08/21/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6951
M3  - Article
SP  - 912
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - High-temperature superconductivity is achieved by doping copper oxide insulators with charge carriers. The density of carriers in conducting materials can be determined from measurements of the Hall voltage-the voltage transverse to the flow of the electrical current that is proportional to an applied magnetic field. In common metals, this proportionality (the Hall coefficient) is robustly temperature independent. This is in marked contrast to the behaviour seen in high-temperature superconductors when in the ‘normal’ (resistive) state; the departure from expected behaviour is a key signature of the unconventional nature of the normal state, the origin of which remains a central controversy in condensed matter physics. Here we report the evolution of the low-temperature Hall coefficient in the normal state as the carrier density is increased, from the onset of superconductivity and beyond (where superconductivity has been suppressed by a magnetic field). Surprisingly, the Hall coefficient does not vary monotonically with doping but rather exhibits a sharp change at the optimal doping level for superconductivity. This observation supports the idea that two competing ground states underlie the high-temperature superconducting phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HALL effect
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - GYRATORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 10613388; Balakirev, Fedor F. 1 Bells, Jonathan B. 1 Migliori, Albert 1 Ono, S. 2 Yoichi Ando, S. 2 Boehinger, Gregory S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  2: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Komae, Tokyo 201-8511,Japan .; Source Info: 8/21/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6951, p912; Subject Term: HALL effect; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: GYRATORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01890
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwiatkowski, K.
AU  - Lyke, J.C.
AU  - Wojnarowski, R.J.
AU  - Beche, J.-F.
AU  - Fillion, R.
AU  - Kapusta, C.
AU  - Millaud, J.
AU  - Saia, R.
AU  - Wilke, M.D.
T1  - 3D interconnect architecture for high-bandwidth massively paralleled imager
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/08/21/
VL  - 509
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The proton radiography group at LANL is developing a fast (5×106 frames/s or 5 megaframe/s) multi-frame imager for use in dynamic radiographic experiments with high-energy protons. The mega-pixel imager will acquire and process a burst of 32 frames captured at inter-frame time ∼200 ns. Real time signal processing and storage requirements for entire frames, of rapidly acquired pixels impose severe demands on the space available for the electronics in a standard monolithic approach. As such, a 3D arrangement of detector and circuit elements is under development. In this scheme, the readout integrated circuits (ROICs) are stacked vertically (like playing cards) into a cube configuration. Another die, a fully depleted pixel photo-diode focal plane array (FPA), is bump bonded to one of the edge surfaces formed by the resulting ROIC cube. Recently, an assembly of the proof-of-principle test cube and sensor has been completed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - 3D interconnect
KW  - Fast imaging
KW  - High-density packaging
KW  - Proton radiography
KW  - Vertical stacking
N1  - Accession Number: 10511165; Kwiatkowski, K. 1; Email Address: krisk@lanl.gov Lyke, J.C. 2 Wojnarowski, R.J. 3 Beche, J.-F. 4 Fillion, R. 3 Kapusta, C. 3 Millaud, J. 4 Saia, R. 3 Wilke, M.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail stop H803, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, USA  3: General Electric, Global Research Center, Schenectady, NY, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 509 Issue 1-3, p200; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D interconnect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-density packaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertical stacking; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01571-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Badya, Y. S.
AU  - Simonson, J. M.
T1  - The effects of temperature on the hydration structure around Ni[sup 2+] in concentrated aqueous solution.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4413
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A preliminary investigation has been made of the effects of temperature on the hydration structure around Ni[sup 2+] in a concentrated (nominally 4 m) aqueous solution of nickel (II) chloride using the technique of neutron diffraction with isotope substitution. The scattering from two heavy water solutions containing, respectively, nickel in natural abundance and enriched in the [sup 62]Ni isotope, were measured at temperatures of 90, 175, and 230 °C using the general liquids and amorphous materials diffractometer at the intense pulsed neutron source, Argonne National Laboratory. The Ni[sup 2+] hydration structure was seen to become progressively weaker and broader with increasing temperature, consistent with the findings of previous experiments. A more subtle effect of temperature on hydration structure has also been highlighted for the first time, namely, gradual shifts in the first hydration peak positions in the real-space difference function. Our findings point to the importance of following changes in hydration structure closely by measuring as many state points as possible, and the desirability of complementary approaches such as EXAFS (extended x-ray absorption fine structure) and quasielastic neutron scattering. Our initial study has also demonstrated the successful performance of a new sample cell designed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for handling corrosive aqueous solutions under conditions of elevated temperatures and pressures. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - HEAT of hydration
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 10543291; Badya, Y. S. 1; Email Address: badyalys@ornl.gov Simonson, J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Aqueous Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110; Source Info: 8/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 8, p4413; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: HEAT of hydration; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1593016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chialvo, Ariel A.
AU  - Horita, Juske
T1  - Isotopic effect on phase equilibria of atomic fluids and their mixtures: A direct comparison between molecular simulation and experiment.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4458
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Vapor–liquid and vapor–solid isotopic fractionation of noble gases and their mixtures are studied by molecular-based simulation of atomic Lennard-Jones fluids. The temperature dependence of the fractionation factors for [sup 36]Ar/[sup 40]Ar, [sup 20]Ne/[sup 22]Ne, [sup 80]Kr/[sup 84]Kr and the composition dependence of the corresponding fractionation factors for binary Ar–Kr mixtures as predicted by simulation are compared with the existing experimental data, to assess the accuracy of h[sup 2]-order Kirkwood–Wigner free energy expansion for specific Lennard-Jones parametrizations. Predictions of the fractionation factors for other isotopic pairs, including [sup 20]Ne/[sup 21]Ne, and [sup 132]Xe/[sup 136]Xe as well as tests of some premises behind the microscopic interpretation of the fractionation factors are also given. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - GASES
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 10543286; Chialvo, Ariel A. 1; Email Address: chialvoaa@ornl.gov Horita, Juske 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Aqueous Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110; Source Info: 8/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 8, p4458; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: VAPORS; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1594178
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi
AU  - H.-J.
AU  - Johnson
AU  - J. C.
AU  - He
AU  - R.
AU  - Lee
AU  - S.-K.
AU  - Kim
AU  - F.
AU  - Pauzauskie
AU  - P.
AU  - Goldberger
AU  - J.
AU  - Saykally
AU  - R. J.
AU  - Yang
T1  - Self-Organized GaN Quantum Wire UV Lasers.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 8721
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Quantum wire lasers are generally fabricated through complex overgrowth processes with molecular beam epitaxy. The material systems of such overgrown quantum wires have been limited to Al-Ga-As-P, which leads to emission largely in the visible region. We describe a simple, one-step chemical vapor deposition process for making quantum wire lasers based on the Al-Ga-N system. A novel quantum-wire-in-optical-fiber (Qwof) nanostructure was obtained as a result of spontaneous Al-Ga-N phase separation at the nanometer scale in one dimension. The simultaneous excitonic and photonic confinement within these coaxial Qwof nanostructures leads to the first GaN-based quantum wire UV lasers with a relatively low threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11169858; Choi H.-J. 1 Johnson J. C. 1 He R. 1 Lee S.-K. 1 Kim F. 1 Pauzauskie P. 1 Goldberger J. 1 Saykally R. J. 1 Yang; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 34, p8721; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Yan
AU  - H.
AU  - Yang
AU  - P.
AU  - Saykally
AU  - R. J.
T1  - Optical Cavity Effects in ZnO Nanowire Lasers and Waveguides.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 8816
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Wide band gap semiconductor nanostructures with near-cylindrical geometry and large dielectric constants exhibit two-dimensional ultraviolet and visible photonic confinement (i.e., waveguiding). Combined with optical gain and suitable resonant feedback, the waveguiding behavior facilitates highly directional lasing at room temperature in controlled-growth nanowires. We have characterized the nanowire emission in detail with high-resolution optical microscopy. The waveguiding behavior of individual zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires depends on the wavelength of the emitted light and the directional coupling of the photoluminescence (PL) to the emission dipoles of the nanowire. Polarization studies reveal two distinct regimes of PL characterized by coupling to either guided (bound) or radiation modes of the waveguide, the extent of which depends on wire dimensions. Pumping with high pulse energy engenders the transition from spontaneous to stimulated emission, and analysis of the polarization, line width, and line spacing of the laser radiation facilitates identification of the transverse and longitudinal cavity modes and their gain properties. Interpretation of the lasing spectra as a function of pump fluence, with consideration of ZnO material properties and ultrafast excitation dynamics, demonstrates a transition from exciton (fluence < 1 μJ/cm2) to electron-hole plasma dynamics (fluence > 1 μJ/cm2) and gain saturation behavior (fluence > 3 μJ/cm2) modified by the constraints of the nanoscale cylindrical cavity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 11169875; Johnson J. C. 1 Yan H. 1 Yang P. 1 Saykally R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 34, p8816; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aray
AU  - Y.
AU  - Marquez
AU  - M.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J.
AU  - Coll
AU  - S.
AU  - Simon-Manso
AU  - Gonzalez
AU  - C.
AU  - Weitz
AU  - D. A.
T1  - Electrostatics for Exploring the Nature of Water Adsorption on the Laponite Sheets' Surface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 8946
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In this work, the topology of the electrostatic potential using density functional theory for periodic systems was used to study the nature of the interaction of water with laponite surfaces; an uncharged sheet model was also used. The topological analysis predicts that for uncharged surfaces the adsorption mode is such that the water molecules are adsorbed almost parallel to the surface. For laponite surfaces, where there is a net charge, the adsorption mode involves electrostatic repulsion between the negative lone pairs on the water molecules and the ones on the surface oxygen atoms. As a consequence, the water molecules bind to the surface in a perpendicular and tilted approach, minimizing the repulsive interactions. The advantage of using the topology of the electrostatic potential as an efficient method to describe the electrostatic interactions between adsorbates and surfaces is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - WATER
N1  - Accession Number: 11169891; Aray Y. 1 Marquez M. 1 Rodriguez J. 1 Coll S. 1 Simon-Manso Gonzalez C. 1 Weitz D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Centro de Quimica, IVIC, Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020 A, Venezuela, Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, The Nanotechnology Lab, Kraft Foods R&D, 801 Waukegan Road, Glenview, Illinois 60025, Department of Physics and DEAS, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 34, p8946; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: WATER; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sorescu
AU  - D. C.
AU  - Boatz
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Thompson
AU  - D. L.
T1  - First-Principles Calculations of the Adsorption of Nitromethane and 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) Molecules on the Al(111) Surface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 8953
SN  - 15206106
AB  - First-principles calculations that are based on spin-unrestricted density functional theory and the generalized gradient approximation have been used to study the adsorption of nitromethane and 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene molecules on the Al(111) surface. The calculations employ (3 × 3) aluminum slab geometries and three-dimensional periodic boundary conditions. On the basis of these calculations, we have determined that both dissociative and nondissociative adsorption mechanisms are possible, depending on the molecular orientation and the particular surface sites involved. In the case of dissociative chemisorption, O-atom abstraction by Al surface atoms has been determined to be the dominant mechanism. The dissociated O atom forms strong Al-O bonds with the neighboring Al sites around the dissociation sites. In addition, the radical species obtained as a result of O-atom elimination remains bonded to the surface. In some instances, both O atoms of the nitro group dissociate and oxidize the aluminum surface. Finally, for the case of nondissociative adsorption, various N-O-Al bridge-type bonding configurations can be formed. On the basis of the data provided from these studies, it can be concluded that oxidation of the aluminum surface readily occurs, either by partial or complete dissociation of the O atoms from the NO2 group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - NITROMETHANE
KW  - CHEMISORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 11169892; Sorescu D. C. 1 Boatz J. A. 1 Thompson D. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/PRSP, Edwards Air Force Base, California 93524, and Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 34, p8953; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: NITROMETHANE; Subject Term: CHEMISORPTION; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Szanyi
AU  - J.
AU  - Henderson
AU  - M. A.
T1  - The Photon-Driven Hydrophilicity of Titania:  A Model Study Using TiO2(110) and Adsorbed Trimethyl Acetate.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 9029
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The behavior of H2O on clean and trimethyl acetate (TMA)-covered TiO2(110)-(1 × 1), prepared with or without oxygen vacancies and associated Ti3+, reveals the hydrophilic nature of clean surfaces and the hydrophobic nature of TMA-covered surfaces. UV irradiation of a hydrophobic surface in the presence of 10-6 Torr of O2 removes TMA and rapidly restores hydrophilicity. The presence of oxygen atom vacancies does not detectably alter the hydrophilicity of either clean or TMA-covered TiO2(110). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11169901; White J. M. 1 Szanyi J. 1 Henderson M. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Interfacial Chemistry and Engineering Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 34, p9029; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li
AU  - M.
AU  - Chaiko
AU  - D. J.
AU  - Schlossman
AU  - M. L.
T1  - X-ray Reflectivity Study of a Monolayer of Ferritin Proteins at a Nanofilm Aqueous-Aqueous Interface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 9079
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The formation of thin aqueous films on top of an aqueous subphase is demonstrated. The films form through a complex spreading process that results in the coexistence of macroscopic lenses and films that are several nanometers thick. Aqueous biphase solutions of poly(ethylene glycol), potassium phosphates, and water are used to form these films. Synchrotron X-ray scattering is used to characterize the structure of the thin film and to probe the adsorption of proteins to the film. X-ray reflectivity measures the layer thickness (4-5 nm) and the roughness of the two interfaces of the film. Surface and interfacial tension measurements, combined with the X-ray measurements, indicate that the films are a thin layer of the bulk solution rather than a monolayer of PEG molecules. The film can be described by an excess free energy with a short range piece (due primarily to capillary wave entropic repulsion) and a long-range van der Waals interaction. Biomolecules, such as proteins, can be trapped at the aqueous-aqueous interface or in the thin film. This idea is demonstrated by an X-ray reflectivity study of ferritin proteins that form a 2-dimensional array at the interface. It is shown that the electron density interfacial profile of the ferritin trapped in this thin film is consistent with the known crystal structure of ferritin. In the absence of the thin film, ferritin does not adsorb to the interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - POLYETHYLENE glycol
KW  - X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 11169909; Li M. 1 Chaiko D. J. 1 Schlossman M. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 107 Issue 34, p9079; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE glycol; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong, Joe
AU  - Krisch, Michael
AU  - Farber, Daniel L.
AU  - Occelli, Florent
AU  - Schwartz, Adam J.
AU  - Chiang, Tai-C.
AU  - Wall, Mark
AU  - Boro, Carl
AU  - Xu, Ruqing
T1  - Phonon Dispersions of fcc δ-Plutonium-Gallium byInelastic X-ray Scattering.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/08/22/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5636
M3  - Article
SP  - 1078
EP  - 1080
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report an experimental determination of the phonon dispersion curves in a face-centered cubic (fcc) δ-plutonium-0.6 weight % gallium alloy. Several unusual features, including a large elastic anisotropy, a small-shear elastic modulus C', a Kohn-like anomaly in the T[sub1][011] branch, and a pronounced softening of the [111] transverse modes, are found. These features can be related to the phase transitions of plutonium and to strong coupling between the lattice structure and the 5f valence instabilities. Our results also provide a critical test for theoretical treatments of highly correlated 5f electron systems as exemplified by recent dynamical mean field theory calculations for δ-plutonium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PHONONS -- Scattering
KW  - GALLIUM alloys
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - PLUTONIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10736550; Wong, Joe 1; Email Address: wong10@llnl.gov Krisch, Michael 2 Farber, Daniel L. 1 Occelli, Florent 1 Schwartz, Adam J. 1 Chiang, Tai-C. 3 Wall, Mark 1 Boro, Carl 1 Xu, Ruqing 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.  2: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France.  3: Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.; Source Info: 8/22/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5636, p1078; Subject Term: PHONONS -- Scattering; Subject Term: GALLIUM alloys; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2358
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallagher, Neal B.
AU  - Wise, Barry M.
AU  - Sheen, David M.
T1  - Estimation of trace vapor concentration-pathlength in plumes for remote sensing applications from hyperspectral images
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 490
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 00032670
AB  - A novel approach for quantification of chemical vapor effluents in stack plumes using infrared hyperspectral imaging are presented and examined. The algorithms use a novel application of the extended mixture model to provide estimates of background clutter in the on-plume pixel. These estimates are then used iteratively to improve the quantification. The final step in the algorithm employs either an extended least-squares (ELS) or generalized least-squares (GLS) procedure. It was found that the GLS weighting procedure generally performed better than ELS, but they performed similarly when the analyte spectra had relatively narrow features. The algorithms require estimates of the atmospheric radiance and transmission from the target plume to the imaging spectrometer and an estimate of the plume temperature. However, estimates of the background temperature and emissivity are not required which is a distinct advantage. The algorithm effectively provides a local estimate of the clutter, and an error analysis shows that it can provide superior quantification over approaches that model the background clutter in a more global sense. It was also found that the estimation error depended strongly on the net analyte signal for each analyte, and this quantity is scenario-specific. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TRACE analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - NEAR infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Chemometrics
KW  - Extended least-squares
KW  - Generalized least-squares
KW  - Hyperspectral imaging
KW  - Quantification
KW  - Remote sensing
N1  - Accession Number: 10569565; Gallagher, Neal B. 1; Email Address: nealg@eigenvector.com Wise, Barry M. 1 Sheen, David M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Eigenvector Research Inc., P.O. Box 561, Manson, WA 98831, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K5-25, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 490 Issue 1/2, p139; Subject Term: TRACE analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: NEAR infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemometrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extended least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: Generalized least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperspectral imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remote sensing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00177-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10569565&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
AU  - Wise, Barry M.
AU  - Gallagher, Neal B.
T1  - Classical least squares transformations of sensor array pattern vectors into vapor descriptors: Simulation of arrays of polymer-coated surface acoustic wave sensors with mass-plus-volume transduction mechanisms
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 490
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 00032670
AB  - A new method of processing multivariate response data to extract chemical information has been developed. Sensor array response patterns are transformed into a vector containing values for solvation parameter descriptors of the detected vapor’s properties. These results can be obtained by using a method similar to classical least squares (CLS), and equations have been derived for mass- or volume-transducing sensors. Polymer-coated acoustic wave devices are an example of mass-transducing sensors. However, some acoustic wave sensors, such as polymer-coated surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices give responses resulting from both mass-loading and decreases in modulus. The latter effect can be modeled as a volume effect. In this paper, we derive solutions for obtaining descriptor values from arrays of mass-plus-volume-transducing sensors. Simulations were performed to investigate the effectiveness of these solutions and compared with solutions for purely mass-transducing sensor arrays. It is concluded that this new method of processing sensor array data can be applied to SAW sensor arrays even when the modulus changes contribute to the responses. The simulations show that good estimations of vapor descriptors can be obtained by using a closed form estimation approach that is similar to the closed form solution for purely mass-transducing sensor arrays. Estimations can be improved using a nonlinear least squares optimization method. The results also suggest ways to design SAW arrays to obtain the best results, either by minimizing the volume sensitivity or matching the volume sensitivities in the array. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - SOLVATION
KW  - Chemometric
KW  - Sensor array
KW  - Surface acoustic wave (SAW)
KW  - Vapor descriptors
N1  - Accession Number: 10569568; Grate, Jay W. 1; Email Address: jwgrate@pnl.gov Wise, Barry M. 2 Gallagher, Neal B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Eigenvector Research Inc., 830 Wapato Lake Road, Manson, WA 98831, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 490 Issue 1/2, p169; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemometric; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensor array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface acoustic wave (SAW); Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor descriptors; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00016-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10569568&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hope, Janiece L.
AU  - Johnson, Kevin J.
AU  - Cavelti, Marianne A.
AU  - Prazen, Bryan J.
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
AU  - Synovec, Robert E.
T1  - High-speed gas chromatographic separations with diaphragm valve-based injection and chemometric analysis as a gas chromatographic “sensor”
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 490
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 00032670
AB  - A high-speed gas chromatography system, the gas chromatographic sensor (GCS), is developed and evaluated. The GCS combines fast separations and chemometric analysis to produce an instrument capable of high-speed, high-throughput screening and quantitative analysis of complex chemical mixtures on a similar time scale as typical chemical sensors. The GCS was evaluated with 28 test mixtures consisting of 15 compounds from four chemical classes: alkanes, ketones, alkyl benzenes, and alcohols. The chromatograms are on the order of one second in duration, which is considerably faster than the traditional use of gas chromatography. While complete chromatographic separation of each analyte peak is not aimed for, chemical information is readily extracted through chemometric data analysis and quantification of the samples is achieved in considerably less time than conventional gas chromatography.Calibration models to predict percent volume content of either alkanes or ketones were constructed using partial least squares (PLS) regression on calibration sets consisting of the five replicate GCS runs of six different samples. The percent volume content of the alkane and ketone chemical classes were predicted on five replicate runs of the 22 remaining samples ranging from 0 to 50 or 60% depending on the class. Root mean square errors of prediction were 2–3% relative to the mean percent volume values for either alkane or ketone prediction models, depending on the samples chosen for the calibration set of that model. The alkyl benzenes and alcohols present in the calibration sets or samples were treated as variable background interference. It is anticipated that the GCS will eventually be used to rapidly sample and directly analyze industrial processes or for the high throughput analysis of batches of samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS chromatography
KW  - DIAPHRAGMS (Mechanical devices)
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - Chemometrics
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - High-speed
KW  - Multivariate
KW  - Partial least squares
KW  - Sensor
N1  - Accession Number: 10569572; Hope, Janiece L. 1 Johnson, Kevin J. 1 Cavelti, Marianne A. 1 Prazen, Bryan J. 1 Grate, Jay W. 2 Synovec, Robert E. 1; Email Address: synovec@chem.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 490 Issue 1/2, p223; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; Subject Term: DIAPHRAGMS (Mechanical devices); Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemometrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-speed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial least squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensor; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00670-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10569572&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, C.-S.
AU  - Friedman, D.J.
AU  - Geisz, J.F.
AU  - Moutinho, H.R.
AU  - Romero, M.J.
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.M.
T1  - Distribution of built-in electrical potential in GaInP[sub 2]/GaAs tandem-junction solar cells.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 83
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1572
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Distributions of built-in potential in GaInP[sub 2]/GaAs tandem-junction solar cells were investigated by scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. Two states of potential distribution resulting from flattening of band bending and charge accumulation on either the top or bottom p–n junction were observed under short circuit, depending on the illumination spectra. With an external bias voltage, the voltage change always happened on the junction with the charge accumulation, and the potential distribution between the two states became less sensitive to illumination spectra. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10603834; Jiang, C.-S. 1; Email Address: chun-sheng-jiang@nrel.gov Friedman, D.J. 1 Geisz, J.F. 1 Moutinho, H.R. 1 Romero, M.J. 1 Al-Jassim, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 8, p1572; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1602575
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhehui Wang, W.J.
AU  - Kline, J.L.
T1  - Electrostatic method to accelerate nanoshells to extreme hypervelocity.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 83
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1662
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using an acceleration voltage of less than a few hundred kilovolts, it is unlikely that a charged solid object larger than a few micron (10[sup -6] m) in all three dimensions can be accelerated to more than 10 km/s. Quasi-two-dimensional (Q2D) objects are unique forms of matter with two macroscopic dimensions, while the third approaches atomic dimensions. Well-known examples of Q2D objects are thin films. Another example of a Q2D object will be a sphere with a nm thick shell (nanoshell). In this letter, it is predicted that nanoshells can be accelerated to 100 km/s (extreme hypervelocity, or EHV) and above using the electrostatic method. The maximum velocity is limited by field emission and material strength. The two limits only allow a certain number of charges on a nanoshell before it starts to emit ions or electrons, or to break. “Table-top” EHV nanoshell beams can be used for high-temperature plasma diagnostics and fueling. EHV nanoshells can also be used to study hypervelocity-impact phenomena in a momentum space not accessible in the past. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA diagnostics
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10603804; Zhehui Wang, W.J. 1; Email Address: zwang@lanl.gov Kline, J.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 8, p1662; Subject Term: PLASMA diagnostics; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1602582
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10603804&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Electronic stopping of He, B, N, and Al in SiC.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 83
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1665
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Silicon carbide (SiC) is a wide-band-gap semiconductor that has attracted extensive investigations for a wide range of device applications. Accurate values of stopping powers in SiC, especially for B, N, and Al ions as dopants and for He ions used in ion-beam analysis applications, are highly desirable. In the present study, the electronic energy loss of these ions in a self-supported SiC film is directly measured in transmission geometry using a time-of-flight detection system over a continuous range of energies. The measured electronic stopping powers are parameterized, for easy implementation in other applications, and compared with the predictions of the stopping and range of ions in matter code. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - HELIUM ions
KW  - BORON
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 10603803; Zhang, Y. 1; Email Address: yanwen.zhang@pnl.gov Weber, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 8, p1665; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: HELIUM ions; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604473
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenyi Cai, Madhu
AU  - Powell, Christopher F.
AU  - Yong Yue
AU  - Narayanan, Suresh
AU  - Jin Wang
AU  - Tate, Mark W.
AU  - Renzi, Matthew J.
AU  - Ercan, Alper
AU  - Fontes, Ernest
AU  - Grunere, Sol M.
T1  - Quantitative analysis of highly transient fuel sprays by time-resolved x-radiography.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 83
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1671
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Microsecond time-resolved synchrotron x-radiography has been used to elucidate the structure and dynamics of optically turbid, multiphase, direct-injection gasoline fuel sprays. The combination of an ultrafast x-ray framing detector and tomographic analysis allowed three-dimensional reconstruction of the dynamics of the entire 1-ms-long injection cycle. Striking, detailed features were observed, including complex traveling density waves, and unexpected axially asymmetric flows. These results will facilitate realistic computational fluid dynamic simulations of high-pressure sprays and combustion. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SCIENTIFIC photography
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 10603801; Wenyi Cai, Madhu 1 Powell, Christopher F. 1 Yong Yue 1 Narayanan, Suresh 1 Jin Wang 1; Email Address: wangj@aps.anl.gov Tate, Mark W. 2 Renzi, Matthew J. 2 Ercan, Alper 2 Fontes, Ernest 2 Grunere, Sol M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 8, p1671; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC photography; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604161
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10603801&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meuniera, Vincent
AU  - Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno
AU  - Bernholc, J.Z
AU  - Zacharia, Thomas
AU  - Charlier, Jean-Christophe
T1  - Response to “Comment on ‘Intrinsic electron transport properties of carbon nanotube Y junctions’ ” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1674 (2003)].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 83
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1676
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The article reports on the intrinsic electronic transport properties of carbon nanotube Y junctions. By separating the intrinsic properties of the conductor and the effect of its contact to metallic leads, researchers showed that a symmetric Y junction does not display a potential rectifying behavior. More precisely, results demonstrated the critical role played by these contacts in the rectification process. It has been shown that the electrical properties of junctions between a semiconducting carbon nanotube and a metallic lead dominate the overall electrical characteristics of nanotube-based field-effect transistors. In order to focus on properties of the conductor itself, one usually relies on modeling. Fortunately, theoretical methods conveniently offer the possibility to separate effects of intrinsic properties of the conductor from effects of its connection to metallic leads.
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10603799; Meuniera, Vincent 1; Email Address: meunierv@ornl.gov Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno 2 Bernholc, J.Z 2 Zacharia, Thomas 3 Charlier, Jean-Christophe 4; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367.  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367 and Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202.  3: Computing and Computational Science Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  4: Université Catholique de Louvain, PCPM & CERMIN, B-1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 8, p1676; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604949
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10603799&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lymar, Sergei V.
AU  - Khairutdinov, Rafail F.
AU  - Hurst, James K.
T1  - Hydroxyl Radical Formation by O—O Bond Homolysis in Peroxynitrous Acid.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 42
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5259
EP  - 5266
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Peroxynitrite decay in weakly alkaline media occurs by two concurrent sets of pathways which are distinguished by their reaction products. One set leads to net isomerization to NO[sub 3, sup -] and the other set to net decomposition to O[sub 2] plus NO[sub 2, sup -]. At sufficiently high peroxynitrite concentrations, the decay half-time becomes concentration-independent and approaches a limiting value predicted by a mechanism in which reaction is initiated by unimolecular homolysis of the peroxo 0-0 bond, i.e., the following reaction: ONOOH → •OH + •NO[sub 2]. This dynamical behavior excludes alternative postulated mechanisms that ascribe decomposition to bond rearrangement within bimolecular adducts. Nitrate and nitrite product distributions measured at very low peroxynitrite concentrations also correspond to predictions of the homolysis model, contrary to a recent report from another laboratory. Additionally, (1) the rate constant for the reaction ONOO[sup -] → •NO + •O[sub 2, sup -], which is critical to the kinetic model, has been confirmed, (2) the apparent volume of activation for ONOOH decay (ΔV[sup ‡] = 9.7 ± 1.4 cm³/mol) has been shown to be independent of the concentration of added nitrite and identical to most other reported values, and (3) complex patterns of inhibition of O[sub 2] formation by radical scavengers, which are impossible to rationalize by alternative proposed reaction schemes, are shown to be quantitatively in accord with the homolysis model. These observations resolve major disputes over experimental data existing in the literature; despite extensive investigation of these reactions, no verifiable experimental evidence has been advanced that contradicts the homolysis model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROXYL group
KW  - METAL complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 10829898; Lymar, Sergei V. 1 Khairutdinov, Rafail F. 2 Hurst, James K. 3; Email Address: hurst@wsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Departments, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York  2: Washington State University  3: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Center for Nanosensor Technology, University of Alaska; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 17, p5259; Subject Term: HYDROXYL group; Subject Term: METAL complexes; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boatz, Jerry A.
AU  - Christe, Karl O.
AU  - Dixon, David A.
AU  - Fir, Barbara A.
AU  - Gerken, Michael
AU  - Gnann, Robert Z.
AU  - Mercier, Hélène P.A.
AU  - Schrobilgen, Gary J.
T1  - Synthesis, Characterization, and Computational Study of the trans-IO[sub 2]F[sub 5][sup 2-] Anion.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 42
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5282
EP  - 5292
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The combination of CH[sub 3]CN solutions of [N(CH[sub 3])[sub 4]][F] and a mixture of cis- and trans-[N(CH[sub 3])[sub 4]][lO[sub 2]F[sub 4]] produces the novel trans-IO[sub 2]F[sub 5, sup 2-] anion, Under the given conditions, only the trans-IO[sub 2]F[sub 4, sup -] anion acts as a fluoride ion acceptor, thus allowing the separation of isomerically pure, soluble cis-IO[sub 2]F[sub 4, sup -] from insoluble trans-IO[sub 2]F[sub 5, sup 2-]. The trans-IO[sub 2]F[sub 5, sup 2-] and cis-IO[sub 2]F[sub 4, sup -] anions were characterized by infrared and Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the LDFT and HF levels of theory. The trans-IO[sub 2]F[sub 5, sup 2-] anion has a pentagonal-bipyramidal geometry with the two oxygen atoms occupying the axial positions. It represents the first example of a heptacoordinated main group AO[sub 2]X[sub 5] species and completes the series of pentagonal-bipyramidal iodine fluoride and oxide fluoride species. The geometries of the pentagonal-bipyramidal series IO[sub 2]F[sub 5, sup 2-], IOF[sub 5, sup 2-], IF[sub 5, sup 2-] , IOF[sub 6, sup -], IF[sub 6, sup -], and IF[sub 7] and the corresponding octahedral series IO[sub 2]F[sub 4, sup -], IOF[sub 4, sup -], IF[sub 4, sup -], IOF[sub 5], IF[sub 5], and IF[sub 6, sup +] were calculated by identical methods. It is shown how the ionic charge, the oxidation state of the iodine atom, the coordination number, and the replacement of fluorine ligands by either an oxygen ligand or a free valence electron pair influence the stuctures and bonding of these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXO compounds
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IODINE fluorides
N1  - Accession Number: 10829901; Boatz, Jerry A. 1 Christe, Karl O. 1,2; Email Address: karl.christe@edwards.af.mil Dixon, David A. 3 Fir, Barbara A. 4; Email Address: michael.gerken@uleth.ca Gerken, Michael 4 Gnann, Robert Z. 2 Mercier, Hélène P.A. 4 Schrobilgen, Gary J. 4; Email Address: schrobil@mcmaster.ca; Affiliation:  1: Laker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California  2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Edwards Air Force Base, California  3: Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Canada  4: The Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 17, p5282; Subject Term: OXO compounds; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IODINE fluorides; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyle, Timothy J.
AU  - Andrews, Nicholas L.
AU  - Rodriguez, Mark A.
AU  - Campana, Charles
AU  - Yiu, Timothy
T1  - Structural Variations of Potassium Aryloxides.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 42
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5357
EP  - 5366
SN  - 00201669
AB  - A series of potassium aryloxides (KOAr) were isolated from the reaction of a potassium amide (KN(SiMe[sub 3])[sub 2]) and the desired substituted phenoxide (oMP, 2-methyl; oPP, 2-iso-propyl; oBP, 2-tert-butyl; DMP, 2,6-di-methyl; DIP, 2,6-di-iso-propyl; DBP, 2,6-di-tert-butyl) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) or pyridine (py) as the following: {([K(μ[sub 4]-oMP)(THF)][k(μ³-oMP)])[sub 5]}[sub ∞] (1), {[K[sub 6](η[sup 6],μ[sub 3]-oMP)[sub 4](η[sup 6],μ[sub 4]-oMP)[sub 2](py)[sub 4]]·[K[sub 6](η[sup 6], μ[sub 3]-oMP)][sub 6](η[sup 6]-py)[sub 4]]}[sub ∞] (2), [K(μ ((3), {J[sub 4](η[sub 6],μ[sub 3]-oPP)[sub 2](py)[sub 3]}[sub ∞] (4), [K(μ[sub 3]-oBP)(THF)][sub 6] (5), {K[sub 6](η[sup 6], μ[sub 3]-oBP)[sub 2](μ[sub 3]-oBP)[sub 4](py)[sub 4]}[sub ∞] (6), {K[sub 3](η[sup 6, μ[sub 3 DMP)[sub 2](μ-DMP)(THF)}[sub ∞] (7), {[K(η[sup 6],μ-DMP)(py)][sub 2]}[sub ∞] (8), {[K(η[sub 6],μ-DIP)}[sub ∞] (9), {[K(η[sup 6,μ-DBP]}[sub ∞] (10). Further exploration of the aryl interactions led to the investigation of the diphenylethoxide (DPE) derivative which was isolated as [K(μ[sub 3]-DPE)(THF)][sub 4] (11) or [K(μ[sub 3]-DPE)(py)][sub 4]·py[sub 2] (12) depending on the solvent used. In general, the less sterically demanding ligands (oMP, oPP, oBP, and DMP) were solvated polymeric species; however, increasing the steric bulk (DIP and DBP) led to unsolvated polymers and not discrete molecules. For most of this novel family of compounds, the K atoms were π-bound to the aryl rings of the neighboring phenoxide derivatives to fill their coordination sites. The synthesis and characterization of these compounds are described in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ALKOXIDES
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 10829909; Boyle, Timothy J. 1; Email Address: tjboyle@Sandia.gov Andrews, Nicholas L. 1 Rodriguez, Mark A. 1 Campana, Charles 2 Yiu, Timothy 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico  2: BRUKER AXS Inc., Wisconsin; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 17, p5357; Subject Term: ALKOXIDES; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 12 Diagrams, 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dodin, I. Y.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
AU  - Fraiman, G. M.
T1  - Drift Lagrangian for a Relativistic Particle in an Intense Laser Field.
JO  - JETP Letters
JF  - JETP Letters
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 78
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 202
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00213640
AB  - The Lagrangian and Hamiltonian functions describing the average motion of a relativistic particle under the action of a slightly inhomogeneous intense laser field are obtained. In weak low-frequency background fields, such a particle on average drifts with an effective relativistically invariant mass, which depends on the laser intensity. The essence of the proposed ponderomotive formulation is presented in a physically intuitive and mathematically simple form yet represents a powerful tool for studying various nonlinear phenomena caused by the interaction of currently available smooth ultraintense laser pulses with plasmas. © 2003 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - RELATIVISTIC particles
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - RELATIVISTIC kinematics
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11092850; Dodin, I. Y. 1; Email Address: idodin@pppl.gov Fisch, N. J. 1 Fraiman, G. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.  2: Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603600 Russia.; Source Info: 8/25/2003, Vol. 78 Issue 4, p202; Subject Term: RELATIVISTIC particles; Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: RELATIVISTIC kinematics; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1622032
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasundaram, A.
AU  - Gokhale, A.M.
AU  - Graham, S.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
T1  - Three-dimensional particle cracking damage development in an Al–Mg-base wrought alloy
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 355
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 368
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Experiments have been performed to quantitatively characterize the three-dimensional (3-D) microstructural damage due to cracking of Fe-rich intermetallic particles in an Al–Mg-base extruded 5086(O) alloy as a function of strain under uniaxial compression and tension. The 3-D number density and average volume of the cracked particles are estimated using the unbiased and efficient large area disector (LAD) stereological technique. In each specimen, the two-dimensional (2-D) number fraction of cracked particles is significantly lower than the corresponding 3-D number fraction. Therefore, the conventional 2-D damage measurements considerably underestimate the true 3-D damage due to particle cracking in this alloy. Comparison of the 3-D damage data on the 5086(O) alloy and earlier data on 6061(T6) alloy reveals that at all tensile/compressive stress levels higher than the yield stress of both alloys, the 3-D number fraction of cracked Fe-rich intermetallic particles in the 5086(O) alloy is significantly lower than its corresponding value in the 6061(T6) alloy. Therefore, the 5086(O) alloy is less prone to damage progression due to particle cracking compared to the 6061(T6) alloy. In both the alloys, significant rotations of the Fe-rich intermetallic particles occur during deformation under uniaxial compression. These rotations tend to align the particles along the direction of induced tensile stretch. The particle rotations in turn affect the progression of damage due to particle cracking. For deformation under uniaxial compression, the average volume of cracked Fe-rich particles increases with the increase in the strain. These observations are explained on the basis of the particle rotations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Aluminum alloys
KW  - Damage
KW  - Ductile fracture
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Particle cracking
N1  - Accession Number: 10060396; Balasundaram, A. 1 Gokhale, A.M. 1; Email Address: arun.gokhale@mse.gatech.edu Graham, S. 2 Horstemeyer, M.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-10969, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 355 Issue 1/2, p368; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductile fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle cracking; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00103-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iancu, Edmond
AU  - Itakura, Kazunori
AU  - McLerran, Larry
T1  - A Gaussian effective theory for gluon saturation
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/08/25/
VL  - 724
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We construct a Gaussian approximation to the effective theory for the colour glass condensate which describes correctly the gluon distribution both in the low density regime at high transverse momenta (above the saturation scale <f>Qs</f>), and in the high density regime below <f>Qs</f>, and provides a simple interpolation between these two regimes. At high momenta, the effective theory reproduces the BFKL dynamics, while at low momenta, it exhibits gluon saturation and, related to it, colour neutrality over the short distance scale <f>1/Qs≪1/ΛQCD</f>. Gauge-invariant quantities computed within this approximation are automatically infrared-finite. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GAUSSIAN distribution
KW  - GLUONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10179096; Iancu, Edmond 1; Email Address: iancu@spht.saclay.cea.fr Itakura, Kazunori 1,2 McLerran, Larry 3; Affiliation:  1: Service de Physique Theorique, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Nuclear Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 724 Issue 1/2, p181; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN distribution; Subject Term: GLUONS; Number of Pages: 42p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01477-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Briand, J.P.
AU  - Daveau, S.
AU  - Benhachoum, M.
AU  - Niedermayr, T.
AU  - Friedrich, S.
AU  - Xie, Z.
AU  - Machicoane, G.
AU  - Hitz, D.
AU  - Girard, A.
AU  - Melin, G.
T1  - Hollow Atoms Above Dielectrics And Metals.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Slow highly charged ions approaching surfaces at very close distances (∼nm) are known to capture many electrons in highly excited states forming hollow atoms(1)(2). These hollow atoms quickly decay to their ground states through a long cascade of autoionization processes( Auger transitions) which may be balanced , as these ions are still close to the surface, by a series of electron captures. This actual sequence of many events of capture and autoionization, alternate or not, is not experimentally known to date, and depends on the charge of the ions and of the capture processes which may be very different above metals and insulators. We review in this paper two new experiments on the kinematics of fully decelerated highly charged ions(Ar18+) above dielectric and metal surfaces, and on the behavior of ions of lower charge states (O7+ and Ne9+) above the same surfaces. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - METALLIC surfaces
KW  - INSULATING materials
KW  - ELECTRON capture
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11063021; Briand, J.P. 1 Daveau, S. 1 Benhachoum, M. 1 Niedermayr, T. 2 Friedrich, S. 3 Xie, Z. 4 Machicoane, G. 4 Hitz, D. 5 Girard, A. 5 Melin, G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Université P. & M. Curie, Paris  2: Lawrence Livermore Lab.  3: Lawrence Berkeley Lab.  4: Berkeley Ion Equipment Inc. Santa Clara Ca.  5: CENG Grenoble; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: METALLIC surfaces; Subject Term: INSULATING materials; Subject Term: ELECTRON capture; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619651
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sternberg, James
AU  - Macek, J.H.
T1  - Hyperspherical Theory of Three-Body Recombination in Cold Collisions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Three-body recombination in cold atomic collisions has been successfully modeled using the hyperspherical close-coupling theory. This representation maps many-body fragmentation channels onto simple radial equations similar to those for two-body processes. Computation of hyperspherical adiabatic energy eigenvalues is a major task using this theory. We have developed asymptotic representations of the adiabatic eigenvalues based upon energy dependent zero-range potentials. Our asymptotic expressions are compared with ab initio calculations as well as hyperspherical adiabatic calculations using zero range potentials with constant M that have appeared in the literature. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - NUCLEAR fragmentation
N1  - Accession Number: 11062990; Sternberg, James 1 Macek, J.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p133; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fragmentation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619682
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Church, D.A.
AU  - Schneider, D.
AU  - Holder, J.P.
AU  - McDonald, J.
AU  - Yanbang Wang, J.
T1  - Ion Collision and Spectroscopy Research Using Cold, Confined Ions in Retrap.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The cryogenic Penning ion trap Retrap has been moved to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where it is installed in collaboration with the weak interaction group. Present development of the facility for atomic and plasma physics research will be described, directed toward extensions of low energy multiply charged ion collision and spectroscopy studies previously completed, and to laser measurement of the fine structure of cold, confined, multiply charged ions. Possibilities for extended development to highest-charged high-Z ions in the near future will also be discussed. This facility will also be used in collaborations for nuclear research. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ION traps
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - BERKELEY (Calif.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11062983; Church, D.A. 1 Schneider, D. 2 Holder, J.P. 2 McDonald, J. 2 Yanbang Wang, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p164; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: BERKELEY (Calif.); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619689
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, R.
AU  - Hellberg, F.
AU  - Larsson, M.
AU  - Vane, C.R.
AU  - Andersson, P.
AU  - Pettersson, J.
AU  - Petrignami, A.
AU  - van der Zande, W.J.
T1  - Three-body Reaction Dynamics in Dissociative Recombination.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Dissociative recombination of molecular ions with electrons is the most important neutralising process in plasmas cold enough to contain molecules. The basic features and principles describing recombination of diatomic molecular ions are now reasonably well characterised and understood. However, recombination of polyatomic ions is much less well understood. Over the last six years, experiments carried out at ion storage rings have shown that tri-atomic molecular ions tend to break up into three atoms upon recombination with free electrons. The question of how this break-up occurs has started to be investigated at ion storage rings using particle-imaging techniques. In this presentation, the imagine technique used in these experiments will be discussed together with results obtained from studies of H2O+, NH[sub 2][sup +] and CH[sub 2][sup +]. Finally, the use of this technique to study the dissociative recombination of more complex polyatomic ions, for example D[sub 5]O[sub 2][sup +], will also be discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - IONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ION recombination
KW  - REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11062977; Thomas, R. 1 Hellberg, F. 1 Larsson, M. 1 Vane, C.R. 2 Andersson, P. 3 Pettersson, J. 3 Petrignami, A. 4 van der Zande, W.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Stockholm, Sweden  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, Sweden  4: FOM Instituut AMOLF, The Netherlands; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p187; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ION recombination; Subject Term: REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619695
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Müller, A.
AU  - Schippers, S.
AU  - Aguilar, A.
AU  - Alvarez, I.
AU  - Bannister, M.E.
AU  - Bozek, J.
AU  - Cisneros, C.
AU  - Covington, A.M.
AU  - Dunn, G.H.
AU  - Gharaibeh, M.F.
AU  - Hinojosa, G.
AU  - Ricz, S.
AU  - Schlachter, A.S.
AU  - Phaneuf, R.A.
T1  - Time-reversal Studies in Photorecombination and Photoionization Experiments with Ion Beams.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The principle of detailed balance relates the cross sections σPR for photorecombination (PR) and σPI for photoionization (PI) of ions on a state-to-state level. Measuring one or the other of the two cross sections provides direct information about the time-reversed process. Measurements carried out at the Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, for PI of C2+ and Sc2+ are compared with experimental results from the heavy-ion storage ring TSR, Heidelberg, on PR of C3+ and Sc3+, respectively. From that comparison, state selective cross sections can be inferred both for PR and PI. Both experimental approaches provide possibilities for high-resolution spectroscopy of multiply excited states. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - ION recombination
N1  - Accession Number: 11062976; Müller, A. 1 Schippers, S. 1 Aguilar, A. 2,3 Alvarez, I. 4 Bannister, M.E. 5 Bozek, J. 2 Cisneros, C. 4 Covington, A.M. 3 Dunn, G.H. 6 Gharaibeh, M.F. 3 Hinojosa, G. 3,4 Ricz, S. 7 Schlachter, A.S. 2 Phaneuf, R.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Kernphysik, Strahlenzentrum, Justus-Liebi-Universität Giessen, Germany  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, USA  4: Centro de Ciencias Físicas, UNAM, México  5: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA  6: JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA  7: Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI), Hungary; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p191; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: ION recombination; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619696
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ovchinnikov, S.Yu.
AU  - Macek, J.H.
T1  - Annihilation of Low Energy Antiprotons in Hydrogen.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The cross sections for annihilation of antiprotons in hydrogen are very important for designing the High-Performance Antiproton Trap (HiPAT). When antiprotons are trapped they undergo atomic reactions with background gases which remove them from the trap. First, antiprotons are captured into highly excited bound states by ejecting the bound electrons, then they are radiationally deexcited and, finally, they annihilate by nuclear interaction. An understanding of these process require reliable cross sections for low-energy collisions of antiprotons with atoms. We have developed a theoretical technique for accurate calculations of these cross sections. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11062974; Ovchinnikov, S.Yu. 1,2 Macek, J.H. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p199; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619698
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062974&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bilheux, J.-C.
AU  - Alton, G.D.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Cole, J.M.
AU  - Williams, C.
T1  - A Universal Method For Effusive-Flow Characterization of Target/Vapor Transport Systems For RIB Generation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Decay losses associated with the times required for diffusion-release from ISOL production targets and to effusively-flow to the ion source are principal means whereby short half-life radioactive species are lost between initial formation and utilization. We have developed an experimental method that can be used to determine effusive-flow times of arbitrary geometry target/vapor transport systems. The technique utilizes a fast valve to measure effusive-flow times as short as 0.1 ms for any chemically active or inactive species through any target system, independent of size, geometry and materials of construction. In this report, we describe the effusive-flow experimental arrangement and provide time spectra for noble gases through prototype RIB target/vapor-transport systems. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 11062966; Bilheux, J.-C. 1; Email Address: bilheux@mail.phy.ornl.gov Alton, G.D. 1; Email Address: gda@ornl.gov Liu, Y. 1 Cole, J.M. 1 Williams, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p241; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619706
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Alton, G.D.
T1  - The Design of Highly-Permeable, Fast-Diffusion-Release High-Power ISOL Targets.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 254
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this report, we provide results of simulation studies for the design of fast diffusion-release high-power targets for RIB generation at high energy ISOL based facilities. Processes that lead to target heating (e.g., primary beam energy deposition, energy release through nuclear reactions and beam scattering effects) are accounted for in the simulations. From these studies, we find that internal thermal radiation is an important mechanism for heat redistribution in the low-density, small-dimensioned fibrous targets used in viable target designs and therefore, must be carefully taken into account. Such fragile, low thermal conductivity targets must withstand irradiation with >= 100 kW beams for extended periods of time and therefore, care must be taken to avoid exceeding the limiting temperature of the target material while ensuring homogeneous temperature distribution over the volumes of these targets. Thermal radiation of high-temperature fibers to surrounding surfaces is an effective means for cooling targets subjected to high power beam irradiation, especially for materials with poor intrinsic thermal conductivities. Focus-through and scanning techniques, used in combination with additional heat shielding placed on the exit end of the target, are found to be effective means for reducing beam power deposition density to manageable levels, homogenizing the temperature distributions within such targets while avoiding devastating primary beam scattering losses during transit. Results derived from simulation studies of fibrous (e.g., ZrO2 and HfO2) and composite (e.g., BeO/W/RVCF, NbC/RVCF, Ta/RVCF and UC2/RVCF) targets subjected to irradiation with 1 GeV proton beams with power levels up to 400 kW, are presented in this report. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPE separation
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 11062963; Zhang, Y. 1 Alton, G.D. 1; Email Address: gda@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p254; Subject Term: ISOTOPE separation; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619709
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062963&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ullmann, J.L.
AU  - Reifarth, R.
AU  - Haight, R.C.
AU  - Hunt, L.
AU  - O'Donnell, J.M.
AU  - Rundberg, R.S.
AU  - Bredeweg, T.A.
AU  - Wilhelmy, J.B.
AU  - Fowler, M.M.
AU  - Vieira, D.J.
AU  - Wouters, J.M.
AU  - Strottman, D.D.
AU  - Kaeppeler, F.
AU  - Hiel, M.
AU  - Chamberlin, E.P.
T1  - The Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments at LANSCE.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) is a 159-element 4π barium fluoride array designed to study neutron capture on small quantities, 1 mg or less, of radioactive nuclides. It is being built on a 20 m neutron flight path which views the “upper tier” water moderator at the Manuel J. Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The detector design is based on Monte Carlo calculations which have suggested ways to minimize backgrounds due to neutron scattering events. A data acquisition system based on fast transient digitizers is being implemented. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON capture
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - BARIUM fluoride
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 11062958; Ullmann, J.L. 1 Reifarth, R. 1 Haight, R.C. 1 Hunt, L. 1 O'Donnell, J.M. 1 Rundberg, R.S. 1 Bredeweg, T.A. 1 Wilhelmy, J.B. 1 Fowler, M.M. 1 Vieira, D.J. 1 Wouters, J.M. 1 Strottman, D.D. 1 Kaeppeler, F. 2 Hiel, M. 2 Chamberlin, E.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany  3: Chamberlin Associates, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p271; Subject Term: NEUTRON capture; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: BARIUM fluoride; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619714
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062958&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tavukcu, E.
AU  - Becker, J.A.
AU  - Bernstein, L.A.
AU  - Garrett, P.E.
AU  - Guttormsen, M.
AU  - Mitchell, G.E.
AU  - Rekstad, J.
AU  - Schiller, A.
AU  - Siem, S.
AU  - Voinov, A.
AU  - Younes, W.
T1  - Average Nuclear Level Densities and Radiative Strength Functions in 56,57Fe from Primary γ-ray Spectra.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An experimental primary γ-ray spectrum per excitation-energy bin (P(Ex, Eγ) matrix) in a light-ion reaction is obtained for 56,57Fe isotopes using a subtraction method. By factorizing the P(Ex, Eγ) matrix according to the Axel-Brink hypothesis the nuclear level density and the radiative strength function (RSF) in 56,57Fe are extracted simultaneously. A step structure is observed in the level density for both isotopes, and is interpreted as the breaking of Cooper pairs. The RSFs for 56,57Fe reveal an anomalous enhancement at low γ-ray energies. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY level densities
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11062952; Tavukcu, E. 1,2 Becker, J.A. 2 Bernstein, L.A. 2 Garrett, P.E. 2 Guttormsen, M. 3 Mitchell, G.E. 1 Rekstad, J. 3 Schiller, A. 3 Siem, S. 3 Voinov, A. 4 Younes, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA  3: Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Norway  4: Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p296; Subject Term: ENERGY level densities; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619720
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062952&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haight, R.C.
AU  - Rochman, D.
AU  - O'Donnell, J.M.
AU  - Devlin, M.
T1  - New Approaches To Nuclear Level Densities Through Particle Emission Measurements.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - With the intense spallation neutron source at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), new approaches to nuclear level densities are being explored through neutron-induced reactions and measurements of the resultant particle emission. This continuous-in-energy neutron source has been used to study Ericson fluctuations, charged-particle emission cross sections and spectra, gamma-ray production and, recently, neutron emission. Examples of each will be discussed. The FIGARO array of neutron and gamma-ray detectors has been developed in the past year to allow measurement of neutron emission in a “double time-of-flight” experiment. The incident neutron energy is determined by time-of-flight over a 21-meter flight path with gamma rays from the induced reaction. Neutron emission spectra from this reaction are then measured by time-of-flight over a flight path of typically 1 meter. Data on 28Si(n,n’) are presented, and the relevance to determination of nuclear level densities is discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY level densities
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11062949; Haight, R.C. 1 Rochman, D. 1 O'Donnell, J.M. 1 Devlin, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos Neutron Science Center Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p309; Subject Term: ENERGY level densities; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619723
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062949&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDaniel, F.D.
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Dodd, P.E.
AU  - Rossi, P.
T1  - High LET Single Event Upset Cross Sections For Bulk and SOI CMOS SRAMs.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Electronics in spacecraft and satellites are exposed to high-energy cosmic radiation. In addition, terrestrial radiation can also affect earth-based electronics. To study the effects of radiation upon integrated circuits and to insure the reliability of electronic devices, cosmic and terrestrial radiations are simulated with ion beams from particle accelerators. A new, higher Linear Energy Transfer (LET) acceleration system for heavy ions has been developed at Sandia National Laboratories. Heavy ions from a 6.5 MV EN tandem Van de Graaff accelerator at 0.25 MeV/amu are injected into a two-stage Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) linac, which accelerates the ions to 1.9 MeV/amu. These ions together with those from the Brookhaven National Laboratory MP Tandem have been used to measure single event upset (SEU) cross sections as a function of LET for both bulk and Silicon on Insulator (SOI) Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, Static Random Access Memories. The magnitudes of these cross sections indicate that the upsets in both the SOI and bulk parts are caused by OFF-drain strikes. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTRIONICS
KW  - LINEAR energy transfer
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - SILICON-on-insulator technology
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - RANDOM access memory
N1  - Accession Number: 11062938; McDaniel, F.D. 1,2 Doyle, B.L. 1 Vizkelethy, G. 1 Dodd, P.E. 1 Rossi, P. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Ion Beam Materials Research Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, NM  2: Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX  3: University of Padova and INFN, Italy; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p355; Subject Term: ASTRIONICS; Subject Term: LINEAR energy transfer; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: SILICON-on-insulator technology; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: RANDOM access memory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619734
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antolak, A.J.
AU  - Morse, D.H.
AU  - Grant, P.G.
AU  - Sproch, N.
AU  - Fernando, Q.
T1  - Spatially Resolved, Microscopic Surface Chemistry Using Megavolt Energy Focused Ion Beams.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We describe a new microscopy for performing chemical analysis in the near surface of a sample. A focused high-energy ion beam from an accelerator causes characteristic elemental x-rays to be emitted and, simultaneously, atomic and molecular ion species to be desorbed from the surface of the sample. Spectroscopic analysis of the fluoresced x-rays provides quantitative trace element information of the sample volume probed by the beam. The elemental data are subsequently used to identify and correlate peaks in the mass analysis of the desorbed species, thereby providing a detailed description of the local surface chemistry. High-resolution (micron-scale) chemical imaging is possible by scanning the beam over the sample. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - MICROCHEMISTRY
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11062937; Antolak, A.J. 1 Morse, D.H. 1 Grant, P.G. 2 Sproch, N. 3 Fernando, Q. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, CA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA  3: University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p359; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: MICROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619735
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062937&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rossi, P.
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
AU  - Banks, J.C.
AU  - Battistella, A.
AU  - Gennaro, G.
AU  - McDaniel, F.D.
AU  - Mellon, M.
AU  - Vittone, E.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Wing, N.D.
T1  - Single Cell Irradiation Nuclear Microscopy Using a Radioactive Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 364
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Irradiation of a single biological cell, instead of a whole tissue, with ions in a known number and position, is a powerful means to study very low dose biological effectiveness. Present methods employ accelerated ion beams which are 1) either collimated with micro-apertures and affected by a halo of 3–5μm at best, or 2) focused to a sub-micron spot, whose resolution is degraded when extracted into air. We have studied the efficacy of a new micro-radiobiological method, originally developed for materials research. This new approach uses an IPEM, Ion Photon Emission Microscope, which employs a specially shaped Po-210 alpha particle source for in-air irradiation. Alpha particles strike the cells, which are previously grown directly on a 10–20 μm thick scintillating plastic blade and placed in the focal plane of a conventional optical microscope. Photons produced at the single ion impact point are projected at high magnification onto a single-photon position sensitive detector, which provides the position of each ion that hits the cells. Adequacy of this setup for Single Cell Radio-Biology will be discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
N1  - Accession Number: 11062936; Rossi, P. 1,2 Doyle, B.L. 1 Banks, J.C. 1 Battistella, A. 3 Gennaro, G. 4 McDaniel, F.D. 1,5 Mellon, M. 6 Vittone, E. 7 Vizkelethy, G. 1 Wing, N.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, USA  2: Department of Physics and INFN, Italy  3: Laboratori Nazionali Legnaro, Italy  4: Azienda Ospedaliera and INFN, Italy  5: Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory, University of North Texas, Denton, TX  6: Quantar Technology Inc., Santa Clara, CA  7: Department of Experimental Physics of the University and INFN, Italy; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p364; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619736
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062936&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirschfeld, Deidre A.
AU  - Walsh, David S.
AU  - Watson, Chad S.
T1  - Elastic Recoil Detection of Depletion Layer Formation During Anodic Bonding.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Conventional elastic recoil detection (ERD) techniques have been employed in an attempt to elucidate the effects time, temperature and alkali ion content have on depletion layer formation during anodic bonding. Hydrogen and/or lithium ion concentration profiles were evaluated for both untreated and lithium-treated sodium borosilicate glass. From in situ ERD, depletion layer formation is highly dependent on temperature and alkali ion content. Lithium-treated sodium borosilicate glass improves depletion layer formation at low temperatures and at high temperatures increased ion mobility results in rapid depletion layer formation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANODES
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11062930; Hirschfeld, Deidre A. 1 Walsh, David S. 2 Watson, Chad S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, New Mexico  2: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p389; Subject Term: ANODES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619742
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062930&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hickmott, D.D.
AU  - Stimac, J.
AU  - Larocque, A.C.L.
AU  - Wetteland, C.
AU  - Brearley, A.
T1  - Micro-PIXE Analysis of Trace Elements in Sulfides.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Micro-scale Proton-induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) of trace elements (TE) in sulfides provides insights into geologic processes including magmatic system evolution, ore forming events, and fluid-flow processes. The Los Alamos nuclear microprobe was used to determine TE concentrations and ratios in sulfides from diverse geologic environments including hydrothermal ore deposits, coal seams, and metamorphic rocks. Pyrrhotite (Po) from silicic volcanics contains high Cu and Ni; Po from the Clear Lake volcanic field has higher Mo than does Po from other volcanic fields. Coal pyrites contain high Cu, As, Se, Mo and Pb, and show high As/Se and Mo/Se in marine influenced sulfides from the Lower Kittanning coal, but not in other marine-influenced coals. Sulfides are amenable to micro-PIXE studies because of the difficulties in obtaining the homogeneous standards required for many other TE microanalytical techniques. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRACE elements
KW  - SULFIDES
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - PROTON-induced X-ray emission
KW  - GEOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11062918; Hickmott, D.D. 1 Stimac, J. 2 Larocque, A.C.L. 3 Wetteland, C. 1 Brearley, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  2: Philippine Geothermal, Philippines  3: Dept. of Geol. Sci., Univ. Manitoba, Canada  4: Dept. Earth and Planet. Sci., Univ. New Mexico, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p440; Subject Term: TRACE elements; Subject Term: SULFIDES; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PROTON-induced X-ray emission; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619754
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glade, S.C.
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, P.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Sterne, P.A.
AU  - Wirth, B.D.
AU  - Dauskardt, R.H.
AU  - Flores, K.M.
AU  - Suh, D.
AU  - Odette, G.R.
T1  - Bulk materials analysis using high-energy positron beams.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This article reviews some recent materials analysis results using high-energy positron beams at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. We are combining positron lifetime and orbital electron momentum spectroscopic methods to provide electron number densities and electron momentum distributions around positron annihilation sites. Topics covered include the correlation of positron annihilation characteristics with structural and mechanical properties of bulk metallic glasses and compositional studies of embrittling features in nuclear reactor pressure vessel steel. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - MATERIALS -- Analysis
KW  - POSITRON beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11062906; Glade, S.C. 1 Asoka-Kumar, P. 1 Nieh, T.G. 1 Sterne, P.A. 1 Wirth, B.D. 1 Dauskardt, R.H. 2 Flores, K.M. 2 Suh, D. 2 Odette, G.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA USA  2: Stanford University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford CA USA  3: University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering, Santa Barbara, CA USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p493; Subject Term: BULK solids; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Analysis; Subject Term: POSITRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619766
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aguilar, A.
AU  - Covington, A.M.
AU  - Emmons, E.D.
AU  - Gharaibeh, M.F.
AU  - Álvarez, I.
AU  - Cisneros, C.
AU  - Hinojosa, G.
AU  - Dominguez, I.
AU  - Ackerman, G.
AU  - Bozek, J.D.
AU  - Canton, S.
AU  - Rude, B.
AU  - Sant'Anna, M.M.
AU  - Schlachter, A.S.
AU  - Folkmann, F.
AU  - Phaneuf, R.A.
T1  - High-Resolution Measurements of Photoionization of Ions Using Synchrotron Radiation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 534
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Measurement of absolute cross sections for photoionization of ions has become feasible by merging a well-collimated ion beam with a monochromatic beam of synchrotron radiation. An electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source permits such measurements to be extended to multiply charged ions, and makes possible systematic studies along isoelectronic sequences. The evolution of atomic spectra along such sequences is commonly studied theoretically, but the predictive ability of the theoretical methods remains largely untested. Absolute cross-section measurements are presented for the first three ionic members of the isoelectronic sequence of nitrogen (O+, F2+ and Ne3+). © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - IONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - MEASUREMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 11062898; Aguilar, A. 1,2 Covington, A.M. 1 Emmons, E.D. 1 Gharaibeh, M.F. 1 Álvarez, I. 3 Cisneros, C. 3 Hinojosa, G. 3 Dominguez, I. 4 Ackerman, G. 2 Bozek, J.D. 2 Canton, S. 2 Rude, B. 2 Sant'Anna, M.M. 2 Schlachter, A.S. 2 Folkmann, F. 5 Phaneuf, R.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  3: Centro de Ciencias Fisicas, UNAM, México  4: Centro Nacional de Metrología, Querétaro, México  5: Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Denmark; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p534; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619774
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Lewis, T.A.
T1  - The Detection of Low-Intensity Beams at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 545
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Beam diagnostic devices suitable for radioactive beam detection developed and implemented at HRIBF are described. These detectors are suited to measure low-intensity beams and can be used for tuning beams with intensities ranging from a few counts/sec to a few million particles/sec. The detectors can be used with heavy-ion beams at energies ranging from several keV*A to several MeV*A. The performance of these detectors, as well as future enhancement, will be presented. A variety of these detectors combined in different configurations have bean used at HRIBF for applications including beam profiling, beam timing, beam counting, and tagging isobars in the beam. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - MEDICAL radiology
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11062896; Shapira, D. 1 Lewis, T.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p545; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: MEDICAL radiology; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619776
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - I-Yang Lee, Robert G.
T1  - Status of GRETA.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 557
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A gamma-ray energy tracking array (GRETA) consisting of a shell of highly segmented Ge detectors is a new concept for the detection of gamma radiation. In such an array, the individual interactions of all the gamma rays are identified by their energies and positions. Then, using tracking algorithms based on the properties of gamma ray interactions the scattering sequences are reconstructed. GRETA will give high peak efficiency, peak-to-background ratio, and position resolution. Progress has been made in four key areas of development; 1) the manufacture of segmented detectors, 2) a data processing system to digitize the signals, 3) signal processing methods for determining energy, time, and position from pulse shape, and 4) a tracking algorithm to identify interaction points belonging to a particular gamma ray. These technical advances have demonstrated that the construction of a gamma ray energy-tracking array is feasible, and a plan for constructing a US array is in place. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - AUTOMATIC tracking
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11062893; I-Yang Lee, Robert G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p557; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC tracking; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619779
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Atomic Modeling of Defects, Defect Generation and Multiple Ion-Solid Interactions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Understanding dynamic processes during ion-implantation requires fundamental knowledge on defect properties, defect generation in atomic collision processes and multiple ion-solid interactions. The defect properties calculated using density functional theory (DFT) in SiC are consistent with multi-axial channeling measurements. Molecular dynamics (MD) methods have been employed to study defect generation and clustering due to ion interactions with SiC and structural evolution. The surviving defects are dominated by C interstitials and vacancies, and the number and size of clusters are very small, in agreement with those observed experimentally. The multiple ion-solid interaction, defect accumulation and disordering on Si and C sublattices are studied by simulating a large number of cascade overlap events. The damage accumulation, relative disordering and volume swelling obtained experimentally and from molecular dynamic simulations are in good agreement. Thus, the present studies provide atomic-level insights into the interpretation of experimentally observed features in SiC. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ATOMIC models
N1  - Accession Number: 11062890; Gao, F. 1 Weber, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p575; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ATOMIC models; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619782
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morse, D.H.
AU  - Antolak, A.J.
T1  - Fabricating Microstructures by MeV Proton Beam Micromachining.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Proton beam micromachining (PBM) can be used to produce high aspect ratio microstructures in PMMA, similar to LIGA. For example, the range of 3-MeV protons in PMMA is approximately 120 microns, the beam can be focused to approximately 1 micron spot size, and structures with aspect ratios around 100 are possible. Patterns are created by directly writing with a focused ion beam that is scanned over the resist. We have found that achieving smooth walls is closely related to uniform dose and beam spot size. This paper describes our electrostatic rastering system and a method of controlling pixel-to-pixel exposure by integrating the sample current. We present our experimental results and process improvements for achieving high quality microstructures using PBM. We also show examples of complex (multilayered and tilted) parts created by direct writing and microstructures formed by alternative proton beam lithographies (shadow mask). © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 11062878; Morse, D.H. 1 Antolak, A.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p625; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619794
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Monteiro, Othon R.
AU  - Delplancke-Ogletree, Marie-Paule
T1  - Engineering Properties of Superhard Films with Ion Energy and Post-Deposition Processing.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 630
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent developments in plasma synthesis of hard materials using energetic ions are described. Metal Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition (MePIIID) has been used to prepare several hard films: from diamondlike carbon (DLC) to carbides, from nitrides to oxides. The energy of the depositing species is controlled to maximize adhesion as well as to change the physical and chemical properties of the films. Adhesion is promoted by the creation of a graded interface between the film and the substrate. The energy of the depositing ions is also used to modify and control the intrinsic stresses and the microstructure of the films. The deposition is carried out at room temperature, which is important for temperature sensitive substrates. A correlation between intrinsic stresses and the energetics of the deposition is presented for the case of DLC films, and means to reduce stress levels are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - HARD materials
KW  - PLASMA engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 11062877; Monteiro, Othon R. 1 Delplancke-Ogletree, Marie-Paule 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, USA  2: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Brussels, Belgium; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p630; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: HARD materials; Subject Term: PLASMA engineering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619795
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062877&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Huis, M.A.
AU  - van Veen, A.
AU  - Fedorov, A.V.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
AU  - Kooi, B.J.
AU  - De Hosson, J.Th.M.
T1  - In-situ TEM Observation of Gold Nanocluster Nucleation, Coarsening and Refining in Au Implanted MgO(100) Foils.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The evolution of thin MgO(100) foils during in-situ ion implantation and thermal heating was followed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the IVEM-TANDEM facility of Argonne National Laboratory (USA). A pre-thinned MgO foil was implanted with 100 keV Au ions at an elevated temperature of 700 K to a fluence of 1.8×1016 Au cm-2 leading to the spontaneous formation of small (2–3 nm) Au nanoclusters. Post-implantation thermal annealing at 1100 K led to coarsening of the precipitates reaching sizes of ∼9 nm. Subsequent irradiation with 600 keV Au ions (passing completely through the foil) led to refining of the precipitates, a reversed ripening process. After irradiation with 1×1016 Au ions cm-2, the cluster size decreases to less than ∼3 nm. In another experiment, during 300 keV Kr ion irradiation, where the ions pass through the foil, a dense network of cubically shaped nanovoids was observed after a dose of 4×1016 Kr ions cm-2. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL foils
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - GOLD
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11062853; van Huis, M.A. 1 van Veen, A. 1 Fedorov, A.V. 1 Birtcher, R.C. 2 Kooi, B.J. 3 De Hosson, J.Th.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands  2: Nonequilibrium Materials Group, Materials Science Department, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  3: Materials Science Center, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p735; Subject Term: METAL foils; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332999 All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619819
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062853&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, John P.
AU  - Gabor, Rachel
AU  - Heinz, Andreas
T1  - Calculations Of Damage To Rotating Targets Under Intense Beams For Super-Heavy Element Production.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In the production of the heaviest elements, the cross-sections for evaporation residues are very small, which, in turn, requires the usage of intense beams. Hence, the targets used tend to exhibit shortened lifetimes as beam currents are raised. Tightly focused beams on stationary targets of modest melting point and/or high sputtering yield material will eventually melt or destroy the target. Defocused or “wobbled” beams enhance target survival only to a modest degree. Rotating the target on a wheel can overcome target melting, and using, in addition, a low sputtering rate material as a covering layer can address this issue and allow for higher beam currents to be used for experiments. The purpose of the calculations done for this work is to attempt to predict the safe range of beam currents allowable, i.e. currents which produce heat loads below the melting point of the target. Materials with favorable sputtering rates and thermal properties are also examined. Calculations of the heating and sputtering these targets can withstand will show the safe limits to which they may be exposed and still survive. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERHEAVY elements
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
N1  - Accession Number: 11062845; Greene, John P. 1 Gabor, Rachel 1 Heinz, Andreas 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p775; Subject Term: SUPERHEAVY elements; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619827
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wielopolski, L.
AU  - Thieberger, P.
AU  - Alessi, J.
AU  - Brondo, J.
AU  - Vartsky, D.
AU  - Sredniawski, J.
T1  - Gamma Resonance Technology for Detection of Explosives, Revisited.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 919
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The physical principles of the gamma nuclear resonance absorptiometry have been laid down quite sometime ago and have been used in many laboratories for studying nuclear structure. In the late eighties and during the nineties it become apparent that gamma nuclear resonance methodology can be implemented for elemental analysis in industrial environment. Specifically extensive work has been published for detection of nitrogen. However, this progress was hampered by lack of intense gamma sources that would interact resonantly with nitrogen. Recent advances in production gamma resonance beams justify revisit of the Gamma Resonance Technology as a viable tool for explosives and drug interception in large cargo containers. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES detection
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11062814; Wielopolski, L. 1 Thieberger, P. 2 Alessi, J. 2 Brondo, J. 3 Vartsky, D. 4 Sredniawski, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Science Department  2: Collider and Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY  3: Scientific Innovations Inc., NY  4: Nuclear Research Center Nahal Soreq, Israel  5: Advanced Energy Systems Inc., NY; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p919; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES detection; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619858
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062814&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brondo, J.
AU  - Wielopolski, L.
AU  - Thieberger, P.
AU  - Alessi, J.
AU  - Vartsky, D.
AU  - Sredniawski, J.
T1  - Explosive Detection Systems Using Gamma Resonance Technology.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 931
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Gamma Resonance Technology provides the combined capability of absorption and fluorescence in the simultaneous detection and imaging of multiple elements for identification of contraband and total density for imaging of contents. This method of scanning is unique in its ability to provide imaging by element coincident with total density imaging. In addition it includes both high resolution and high penetration without induced radioactivity as is encountered with neutron techniques. The scanning beam dynamics and geometry allow for system configurations that provide 3-D tomographic, multiple projection, single sided imaging and standoff identification. This technique has been demonstrated for high explosives including thin sheet containing nitrogen and present system design is to include nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine and other elements of interest. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SMUGGLING -- Prevention
N1  - Accession Number: 11062811; Brondo, J. 1 Wielopolski, L. 2 Thieberger, P. 3 Alessi, J. 3 Vartsky, D. 4 Sredniawski, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Scientific Innovations, Inc., NY  2: Environmental Science Department  3: Collider and Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY  4: Nuclear Research Center Nahal Soreq, Israel  5: Advanced Energy Systems Inc., NY; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p931; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SMUGGLING -- Prevention; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619861
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062811&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lisowski, P.W.
T1  - Basic and Applied Research at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 953
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, or LANSCE, is an accelerator-based national user facility for research in basic and applied science. At present LANSCE has two experimental areas primarily using neutrons generated by 800-MeV protons striking tungsten target systems. A third area uses the proton beam for radiography. This paper describes the three LANSCE experimental areas, gives highlights of the past operating period, and discusses plans for the future. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - RESEARCH institutes
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11062806; Lisowski, P.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p953; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: RESEARCH institutes; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619866
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDaniel, F.D.
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
AU  - Rossi, P.
AU  - Buller, D.L.
AU  - Hamm, R.W.
AU  - Schone, H.
T1  - The Tandem-RFQ Linac Booster at Sandia National Laboratories.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 986
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A booster linac based on the Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ linac) has been put into routine operation on the 6.5 MV EN tandem accelerator at the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Ion Beam Materials Research Lab (IBMRL) for Radiation Effects Microscopy (REM) experiments with high energy, heavy ion beams. The booster linac consists of two RFQ stages that accelerate heavy ions with m/q < 8 from 0.25 MeV/amu up to 1.22 MeV/amu in the first stage and to 1.90 MeV/amu in the second stage to produce high Linear Energy Transfer (LET) ions for REM. This RFQ linac has a total length of 6.0 meters and is installed on a new experimental beam line at the SNL IBMRL to measure single-event upset (SEU) cross-sections of integrated circuits (ICs) and to perform radiation hardness research using REM with the associated Ion Electron Emission Microscope (IEEM). This paper presents the recent beam measurement results from operation of the RFQ linac with beams from silicon to gold and compares these results with theoretical beam dynamics calculations. It also describes the details of the experiments to measure SEU cross-sections and IEEM. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion accelerators
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - ALBUQUERQUE (N.M.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11062798; McDaniel, F.D. 1,2 Doyle, B.L. 1 Rossi, P. 1,3 Buller, D.L. 1 Hamm, R.W. 4 Schone, H. 1,5; Affiliation:  1: Ion Beam Materials Research Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, NM  2: Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX  3: University of Padova and INFN, Italy  4: AccSys Technology, Inc, CA  5: Air Force Research Laboratory - VSSE, NM; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p986; Subject Term: HEAVY ion accelerators; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: ALBUQUERQUE (N.M.); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619874
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ostroumov, P.N.
T1  - Development of Low Charge-to-Mass Ratio Post-Accelerator for the RIA Project.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1003
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A post-accelerator for rare isotopes (RIB linac) which must produce high-quality beams of radioactive ions over the full mass range, including uranium, at energies above the coulomb barrier is being developed for the U.S. RIA facility. To provide highest possible intensity of rare isotopes with masses from 6 to 240, the linac will accept all ions in the 1+ charge state. A high resolution separator for purifying beams at the isobaric level precedes the RIB linac. Charge stripping in the linac takes place at two stages: helium gas stripping at energies of a few tens of keV/u, and an additional foil stripping at ∼680–1700 keV/u for the heavier ions. The RIB linac will utilize existing superconducting heavy-ion linac technology for all but one exceptional piece, a very-low-charge-state injector, which is needed for the first ∼9 MV of the accelerator. This section consists of a pre-buncher followed by three sections of cw, normally-conducting RFQ. The first section is a conventional RFQ operating at 12 MHz. The following two sections are hybrid RFQs operating at 12 and 24 MHz. A 1:2 scale cold model of 12 MHz RFQ was built and it is being studied in order to determine final specifications for the full power 12 MHz hybrid RFQ. This paper reports on the present status of the RIB linac development with particular attention paid to the very-low-charge-state injector section. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION accelerators
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
N1  - Accession Number: 11062794; Ostroumov, P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p1003; Subject Term: ION accelerators; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619878
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062794&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Cole, J.M.
AU  - Reed, C.A.
AU  - Williams, C.L.
AU  - Alton, G.D.
T1  - A Multi-Sample Cs-Sputter Negative Ion Source for 7BeO- Generation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1017
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A multi-sample Cs-sputter negative ion source has been evaluated for generating 7BeO- beams for measuring the nuclear-astrophysically important 7Be(p,γ)8B reaction at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility. The design features and operational parameters of the source are described and measured efficiencies for forming beams of Ni-, C- and MgO- and estimated efficiencies for generating beams of BeO- for the proposed experiment are presented in this report. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
N1  - Accession Number: 11062791; Liu, Y. 1 Cole, J.M. 1 Reed, C.A. 1 Williams, C.L. 1 Alton, G.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p1017; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619881
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062791&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sherman, Joseph D.
AU  - Rouleau, Gary
T1  - New Developments with H- Sources.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1038
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Existing spallation neutron source upgrades, planned spallation neutron sources, and high-energy accelerators for particle physics place demanding requirements on the H- sources. These requirements ask for increased beam currents and duty factor (df) while generally maintaining state-of-the art H- source emittance. A variety of H- sources are being developed to address these challenges. These include volume sources with and without the addition of cesium for enhanced H- production, increased df cesiated H- Penning and magnetron sources, and cesiated surface converter H- sources. Research on surface films of tantalum metal for enhanced volume H- production is also being studied. Innovative plasma production techniques to address the longer df requirement without sacrificing H- source reliability and lifetime will be reviewed. The physical bases, the goals, and perceived challenges will be discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ANIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11062786; Sherman, Joseph D. 1 Rouleau, Gary 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p1038; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ANIONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619886
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062786&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smedley, John
AU  - Srinivasan-Rao, Triveni
AU  - Tsang, Thomas
AU  - Farrell, J. Paul
AU  - Batchelor, Ken
T1  - Performance Data of a Pulsed Power Photo-Injector.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1054
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - There has been a lot of interest in compact sources of high brightness, relativistic electron beams. One approach for developing such a source is to apply a high gradient that remains constant during the generation and acceleration of the electron beam. In this paper, we describe high voltage pulse generators that deliver up to 5 MV with 1 ns pulse duration. These devices are synchronizable to an external trigger with jitter of ∼ 0.5 ns and can establish gradients in excess of 1 GV/m between two electrodes without breakdown. In the presence of field gradients up to 0.5 GV/m, electron beams of bunch lengths ranging from 1 ns to 0.3 ps and diameter < 300 μm have been generated by irradiating the cathode with UV lasers. Characteristics of these electron beams as well as those produced via field emission at gradients up to 1 GV/m will be discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - PULSE generators
KW  - ELECTRON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11062783; Smedley, John 1 Srinivasan-Rao, Triveni 1 Tsang, Thomas 1 Farrell, J. Paul 2 Batchelor, Ken 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY  2: Brookhaven Technology Group, Setauket, NY; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p1054; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: PULSE generators; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619889
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11062783&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodrigues, M.G.
AU  - Da Cruz, N.C.
AU  - Rangel, E.C.
AU  - Zimmerman, R.L.
AU  - Ila, D.
AU  - Poker, D.B.
AU  - Hensley, D.K.
T1  - Ion Beam Optimized Mechanical Characteristics of Glassy Polymeric Carbon for Medical Applications.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/08/26/
VL  - 680
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1150
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Glassy Polymeric Carbon (GPC) has medical applications owing to its inertness and biocompatible characteristics. Commercial GPC prosthetics include mitral, aortic and hydrocephalic valves. Surface treatment of GPC increases the adhesion of endothelic tissue on GPC and avoids the occurrence of thrombus in cardiac implant. In this work, ion beam was used to improve the mechanical characteristics of GPC surface. Hardness was measured as a function of depth in precursor and GPC samples heat treated from 300 to 2500 °C before and after bombardment with energetic ions of silicon, carbon, oxygen and gold at energies of 5, 6, 8 and 10 MeV and fluences between 1.0×1013 and 1.0×1016 ions/cm2. Comparison shows that hardness increases of the bombarded samples depend on heat treatment temperature. We verify that ion bombardment promotes carbonization due to an increased linkage between the chains of the polymeric material in lateral groups that are more numerous for samples heat treated to 700 °C. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERIC composites
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - GUMS & resins
KW  - PROSTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 11062760; Rodrigues, M.G. 1 Da Cruz, N.C. 2 Rangel, E.C. 2 Zimmerman, R.L. 3 Ila, D. 3 Poker, D.B. 4 Hensley, D.K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Mathematics - FFCLRP - USP, Brazil  2: Department of Physics and Chemistry, UNESP, Brazil  3: Center for Irradiation of Materials, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, SMAC, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 680 Issue 1, p1150; Subject Term: POLYMERIC composites; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: GUMS & resins; Subject Term: PROSTHESIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446199 All Other Health and Personal Care Stores; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619912
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banerjee, Sarbajit
AU  - Wong, Stanislaus S.
T1  - In Situ Quantum Dot Growth on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/08/27/
VL  - 125
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 10342
EP  - 10350
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The generation of nanoscale interconnects and supramolecular, hierarchical assemblies enables the development of a number of novel nanoscale applications. A rational approach toward engineering a robust system is through chemical recognition. Here, we show the in situ mineralization of crystalline CdTe quantum dots on the surfaces of oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). We coordinate metallic precursors of quantum dots directly onto nanotubes and then proceed with in situ growth. The resulting network of molecular-scale "fused" nanotube-nanocrystal heterojunctions demonstrates a controlled synthetic route to the synthesis of complex nanoscale heterostructures. Extensive characterization of these heterostructures has been performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 10893328; Banerjee, Sarbajit 1 Wong, Stanislaus S. 1,2; Email Address: sswong@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook  2: Material and Chemical Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: 8/27/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 34, p10342; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 16 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palenik, B.
AU  - Brahamsha, B.
AU  - Larimer, F. W.
AU  - Land, M.
AU  - Hauser, L.
AU  - Chain, P.
AU  - Lamerdin, J.
AU  - Regala, W.
AU  - Allen, E. E.
AU  - Mccarren, J.
AU  - Paulsen, I.
AU  - Dufresne, A.
AU  - Partensky, F.
AU  - Wehb, E. A.
AU  - Waterbury, J.
T1  - The genome of a motile marine Synechococcus.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/08/28/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6952
M3  - Article
SP  - 1037
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Marine unicellular cyanobacteria are responsible for an estimated 20-40% of chlorophyll biomass and carbon fixation in the oceans. Here we have sequenced and analysed the 2.4-megabase genome of Synechococcus sp. strain WH8102, revealing some of the ways that these organisms have adapted to their largely oligotrophic environment. WH8102 uses organic nitrogen and phosphorus sources and more sodium-dependent transporters than a model freshwater cyanobacterium. Furthermore, it seems to have adopted strategies for conserving limited iron stores by using nickel and cobalt in some enzymes, has reduced its regulatory machinery (consistent with the fact that the open ocean constitutes a far more constant and buffered environment than fresh water), and has evolved a unique type of swimming motility. The genome of WH8102 seems to have been greatly influenced by horizontal gene transfer, partially through phages. The genetic material contributed by horizontal gene transfer includes genes involved in the modification of the cell surface and in swimming motility. On the basis of its genome, WH8102 is more of a generalist than two related marine cyanobacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - PHOSPHORUS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - GENETIC transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 10692146; Palenik, B. 1; Email Address: bpalenik@ucsd.edu Brahamsha, B. 1 Larimer, F. W. 2,3 Land, M. 2,3 Hauser, L. 2,3 Chain, P. 3,4 Lamerdin, J. 3,4 Regala, W. 3,4 Allen, E. E. 1 Mccarren, J. 1 Paulsen, I. 5 Dufresne, A. 6 Partensky, F. 6 Wehb, E. A. 7 Waterbury, J. 7; Affiliation:  1: Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-O202, USA.  2: Computational Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-648O, USA.  3: Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA.  5: TIGR, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.  6: UMR 7127 CNRS Station Biologique de Roscoff 29682 Roscoff France.  7: Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA.; Source Info: 8/28/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6952, p1037; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01943
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rocap, Cabrielle
AU  - Larimer, Frank W.
AU  - Lamerdin, Jane
AU  - Malfatti, Stephanie
AU  - Chain, Patrick
AU  - Ahlgren, Nathan A.
AU  - Arellano, Andrae
AU  - Coleman, Maureen
AU  - Hauser, Loren
AU  - Hess, Wolfgang R.
AU  - Johnson, Zackary I.
AU  - Land, Miriam
AU  - Lindell, Debbie
AU  - Post, Anton F.
AU  - Regala, Warren
AU  - Shah, Manesh
AU  - Shaw, Stephanie L.
AU  - Steglich, Claudia
AU  - Sullivan, Matthew B.
AU  - Ting, Claire S.
T1  - Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/08/28/
VL  - 424
IS  - 6952
M3  - Article
SP  - 1042
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The marine unicellular cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is the smallest-known oxygen-evolving autotroph. It numerically dominates the phytoplankton in the tropical and subtropical oceans, and is responsible for a significant fraction of global photosynthesis. Here we compare the genomes of two Prochlorococcus strains that span the largest evolutionary distance within the Prochlorococcus lineage and that have different minimum, maximum and optimal light intensities for growth. The high-light-adapted ecotype has the smallest genome (1,657,990 base pairs, 1,716 genes) of any known oxygenic phototroph, whereas the genome of its low-light-adapted counterpart is significantly larger, at 2,410,873 base pairs (2,275 genes). The comparative architectures of these two strains reveal dynamic genomes that are constantly changing in response to myriad selection pressures. Although the two strains have 1,350 genes in common, a significant number are not shared, and these have been differentially retained from the common ancestor, or acquired through duplication or lateral transfer. Some of these genes have obvious roles in determining the relative fitness of the ecotypes in response to key environmental variables, and hence in regulating their distribution and abundance in the oceans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 10692145; Rocap, Cabrielle 1 Larimer, Frank W. 2,3 Lamerdin, Jane 3 Malfatti, Stephanie 3 Chain, Patrick 3,4 Ahlgren, Nathan A. 1 Arellano, Andrae 3 Coleman, Maureen 5 Hauser, Loren 2,3 Hess, Wolfgang R. 6 Johnson, Zackary I. 5 Land, Miriam 2,3 Lindell, Debbie 5 Post, Anton F. 7 Regala, Warren 3 Shah, Manesh 2,3 Shaw, Stephanie L. 8 Steglich, Claudia 6 Sullivan, Matthew B. 9 Ting, Claire S. 10; Affiliation:  1: School of Oceanography, University Of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.  2: Computational Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.  3: Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.  5: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.  6: lnstitute of Biology, Humboldt-University, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.  7: Interuniversity Institute of Marine Science, 88103 Eilat, Israel.  8: Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences.  9: Joint Program in Biological Oceanography, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.  10: Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.; Source Info: 8/28/2003, Vol. 424 Issue 6952, p1042; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: GENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01947
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aida, Misako
AU  - Dupuis, Michel
T1  - IR and Raman intensities in vibrational spectra from direct ab initio molecular dynamics: D2O as an illustration
JO  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
JF  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
Y1  - 2003/08/29/
VL  - 633
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 01661280
AB  - We illustrate the use of quasi-classical direct molecular dynamics on accurate electron-correlated ab initio potential energy surfaces to extract infrared and Raman intensities in addition to the vibrational density of states of a molecular system. We applied the method to deuterated water D2O using the ab initio MP2 level of electronic structure theory. The initial conditions of kinetic and potential energies of the trajectories were chosen to be consistent with the level <f>v=0</f> of the harmonic normal modes. We obtained the density of states and the IR and Raman intensities by means of the Fourier transforms of the autocorrelation functions of the velocities, dipole moment time-derivatives, and polarizability tensor time-second-derivatives, respectively. The calculated spectrum is in excellent quantitative agreement with the experimentally observed spectrum. The method holds promise to obtain very accurate simulated spectra for small molecules, including IR and Raman intensities. Extensions to the characterization of vibrational effects on the non-linear optical properties of molecules are suggested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR theory
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - Ab initio
KW  - Anharmonic
KW  - Auto-correlation functions
KW  - Direct molecular dynamics
KW  - Harmonic
KW  - Infrared and Raman spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 10504000; Aida, Misako 1 Dupuis, Michel 2; Email Address: michel.dupuis@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Chemical Sciences Division, Molecular Interactions and Transformations, K8-91, P.O. Box 999, 906 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 633 Issue 2/3, p247; Subject Term: MOLECULAR theory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anharmonic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Auto-correlation functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harmonic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared and Raman spectrum; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0166-1280(03)00280-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Jing-Huei
AU  - Telang, Frank W.
AU  - Springer Jr., Charles S.
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
T1  - Abnormal brain activation to visual stimulation in cocaine abusers
JO  - Life Sciences
JF  - Life Sciences
Y1  - 2003/08/29/
VL  - 73
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 1953
SN  - 00243205
AB  - Chronic cocaine abuse has been associated with cerebrovascular pathology. This is likely to reflect its vasoactive effects; cocaine produces vasoconstriction and reduces cerebral blood flow. We propose that cerebrovascular pathology in chronic cocaine abusers would result in abnormal BOLD [blood oxygenation level dependent] responses to activation stimuli. Here, we used fMRI to compared the BOLD response to photic visual stimulation in neurologically intact active cocaine abusers to that in non-drug-using healthy controls. Cocaine abusers showed a significantly enhanced positive BOLD response to photic stimulation when compared to control subjects. The enhanced activation in the cocaine abusers could result from low resting cerebral blood flow secondary to increased vasoconstriction and/or from low oxidative metabolism during activation. Alternatively, the larger signal intensity in the cocaine abusers could result from inefficient neuronal processing as has been shown to occur in other conditions of cerebral pathology. These findings provide evidence of cerebral dysfunction with chronic cocaine abuse, which could reflect cerebral blood flow or neuronal changes. Further studies are required to determine if the cerebrovascular changes we observed in the cocaine abusers recover with detoxification and to assess their functional consequences. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Life Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COCAINE
KW  - CEREBROVASCULAR disease
KW  - CEREBRAL circulation
KW  - Cocaine abuse
KW  - Functional MRI
KW  - Neurovascular pathology
KW  - Visual stimulation
N1  - Accession Number: 10427961; Lee, Jing-Huei 1 Telang, Frank W. 2 Springer Jr., Charles S. 1,3 Volkow, Nora D. 2,4; Email Address: volkow@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  4: Department of Psychiatry, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 73 Issue 15, p1953; Subject Term: COCAINE; Subject Term: CEREBROVASCULAR disease; Subject Term: CEREBRAL circulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cocaine abuse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Functional MRI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neurovascular pathology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visual stimulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0024-3205(03)00548-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipman, Everett A.
AU  - Schuler, Benjamin
AU  - Bakajin, Olgica
AU  - Eaton, William A.
T1  - Single-Molecule Measurement of Protein Folding Kinetics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/08/29/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5637
M3  - Article
SP  - 1233
EP  - 1235
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - In order to investigate the behavior of single molecules under conditions far from equilibrium, we have coupled a microfabricated laminar-flow mixer to a confocal optical system. This combination enables time-resolved measurement of Förster resonance energy transfer after an abrupt change in solution conditions. Observations of a small protein show the evolution of the intramolecular distance distribution as folding progresses. This technique can expose subpopulations, such as unfolded protein under conditions favoring the native structure, that would be obscured in equilibrium experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - PROTEIN conformation
KW  - CONFORMATIONAL analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR rotation
N1  - Accession Number: 11209760; Lipman, Everett A. 1 Schuler, Benjamin 1,2 Bakajin, Olgica 3 Eaton, William A. 1; Email Address: eaton@helix.nih.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Building 5, Room 104, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520, USA.  2: Physikalische Biochemie, Universität Potsdam, 14415 Potsdam, Germany.  3: Biosecurity Nanosciences Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 8/29/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5637, p1233; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: PROTEIN conformation; Subject Term: CONFORMATIONAL analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR rotation; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2008
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ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Spivey, James J.
AU  - Geertsema, Ari
AU  - Srivastava, Ram
AU  - Venkataraman, Venkat
AU  - Guttirie, Hugh
T1  - Preface-“Natural Gas Utilization”
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2003/08/30/
VL  - 84
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
SN  - 09205861
N1  - Accession Number: 10504007; Spivey, James J. 1; Email Address: jjspivey@lsu.edu Geertsema, Ari 2; Email Address: ari@caer.uky.edu Srivastava, Ram 3; Email Address: ram.srivastava@sa.netl.doe.gov Venkataraman, Venkat 4; Email Address: venkat.venkataraman@netl.doe.gov Guttirie, Hugh 4; Email Address: hugh.guthrie@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Luisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA  2: U. Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, Lexington, KY, USA  3: DOE, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA, USA  4: DOE, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 84 Issue 1/2, p1; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00415-2
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Charles E.
T1  - Methane conversion via photocatalytic reactions
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2003/08/30/
VL  - 84
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Research on the conversion of natural gas (methane) has been an ongoing effort at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) for over 20 years. A long-term goal of our research team is to explore novel pathways for the direct conversion of methane to liquid fuels, chemicals, and intermediates. One of our current areas of research is the conversion of methane to methanol, under mild conditions, using light, water, and a semiconductor photocatalyst. The use of three relatively abundant and inexpensive reactants—light, water, and methane—to produce methanol is an attractive process option. The main advantage of using a photocatalyst to promote the photoconversion of methane to methanol is that the presence of the catalyst, in conjunction with an electron-transfer agent, allows reaction to occur with visible light instead of with ultraviolet. This greatly simplifies reactor design and will permit flexibility in the selection of the light source. The products of the reaction of interest, methanol and hydrogen, are both commercially desirable as fuels or chemical intermediates. Reactions were conducted at 1.0 and 10.1 MPa along with methane contained within gas hydrates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCATALYSIS
KW  - METHANE
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - Methane
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Photocatalytic
KW  - Tungsten oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10504009; Taylor, Charles E. 1; Email Address: charles.taylor@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 84 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: PHOTOCATALYSIS; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: METHANOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photocatalytic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00295-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shamsi, Abolghasem
AU  - Johnson, Christopher D.
T1  - Effect of pressure on the carbon deposition route in CO2 reforming of <F>13CH4</F>
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2003/08/30/
VL  - 84
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
SN  - 09205861
AB  - In production of synthesis gas (syngas) from natural gas, carbon deposition is the major cause of catalyst deactivation, specifically on Ni-based catalysts. Because the rate of carbon formation is greater than the rate of carbon gasification, carbon accumulates in the catalyst bed. In order to better understand the carbon deposition process at high pressure during dry reforming, we have tested a series of noble metal and Ni-based catalysts at pressures of one, and 14 bar using <F>13C</F>-labeled methane. The source of the carbon deposition during the reactions was then studied using temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO). The results indicated that the source of carbon is different for the reactions conducted at low pressure compared to those performed at higher pressure over noble metal catalysts. At high pressure a significant amount of carbon formed on the catalysts and both methane and carbon dioxide equally contributed to carbon deposition. However, at low pressure the amounts of carbon formed on these catalysts were insignificant and came predominantly from <F>12CO2</F>. It was also found that at high pressure the total amount of carbon was higher regardless of catalyst type or composition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - SYNTHESIS gas
KW  - NICKEL catalysts
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Dry reforming
KW  - Synthesis gas
N1  - Accession Number: 10504010; Shamsi, Abolghasem Johnson, Christopher D. 1; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 880, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-0880, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 84 Issue 1/2, p17; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: SYNTHESIS gas; Subject Term: NICKEL catalysts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dry reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis gas; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00296-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahajan, Devinder
AU  - Goland, Allen N.
T1  - Integrating low-temperature methanol synthesis and CO2 sequestration technologies: application to IGCC plants
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2003/08/30/
VL  - 84
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Coupling a low-temperature once-through methanol synthesis process with CO2 separation technology would provide an option for integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants to address the CO2 mitigation issue and also create the capability to utilize methanol as a peak-shaving fuel. Data are presented that show that several nickel complexes activated by alkoxide bases catalyze facile synthesis of methanol from synthesis gas (primarily a mixture of CO and H2) in homogeneous liquid phase under mild conditions of temperature (<150 °C) and pressure (<5 MPa). Under these mild conditions, batch-mode productivity of up to 20 g mol MeOH/l cat. h is achieved and more importantly, per pass gas conversion and methanol selectivity exceed 90 and 95%, respectively. The overall synthesis gas to methanol process has built-in waste-minimization and minimum by-product formation features and thus achieves CO2 mitigation. The potential of this low-temperature methanol synthesis approach is considered in light of the recent advances in CO2 sequestration technologies. A successful development of this technology may also provide an atom-economical pathway to transport remote natural gas in the form of methanol, a liquid energy-carrier. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - ALKOXIDES
KW  - CO hydrogenation
KW  - CO2 sequestration
KW  - Homogeneous catalysis
KW  - Methanol synthesis
KW  - Reverse water-gas-shift
N1  - Accession Number: 10504018; Mahajan, Devinder; Email Address: dmahajan@bnl.gov Goland, Allen N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Advanced Fuels Group, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 84 Issue 1/2, p71; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: ALKOXIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO hydrogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homogeneous catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reverse water-gas-shift; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00303-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Link, Dirk D.
AU  - Ladner, Edward P.
AU  - Elsen, Heather A.
AU  - Taylor, Charles E.
T1  - Formation and dissociation studies for optimizing the uptake of methane by methane hydrates
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2003/08/30/
VL  - 211
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03783812
AB  - Characteristics such as temperature and pressure profiles for methane hydrate formation and dissociation in pure water, simulated seawater, and water–surfactant systems have been established. A hysteresis effect has been observed for repeated formation–dissociation cycles of the same methane–water system. In an attempt to maximize the uptake of methane during methane hydrate formation, the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate provided methane uptake of over 97% of the theoretical maximum uptake. Additional surfactants were tested for their ability to enhance the uptake of methane for hydrate formation. Successful demonstration of efficient methane storage using hydrate formation enhanced by addition of surfactants could provide a safe, low-cost alternative method for storage of natural gas at remote locations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANE
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - SEAWATER
KW  - Experimental method
KW  - Gas hydrates
KW  - Solid–fluid equilibria
KW  - Surfactant
N1  - Accession Number: 10232447; Link, Dirk D.; Email Address: dlink@netl.doe.gov Ladner, Edward P. 1 Elsen, Heather A. 1 Taylor, Charles E. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 211 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: SEAWATER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas hydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–fluid equilibria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-3812(03)00153-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bringa, E.M.
T1  - Molecular dynamics simulations of Coulomb explosion
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/08/30/
VL  - 209
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A swift ion creates a track of electronic excitations in the target material. A net repulsion inside the track can cause a “Coulomb explosion” (CE), which can lead to damage and sputtering of the material. Here we report results from molecular dynamics simulations of CEs for cylindrical tracks as a function of charge density and neutralization/quenching time, <f>τ</f>. Screening by the free electrons is accounted for using a screened Coulomb potential for the interaction among charges. The yield exhibits a prompt component from the track core and a component from the heated region produced, which dominates at higher excitation density. For the cases studied, the number of atoms ejected per incident ion, i.e. the sputtering yield <f>Y</f>, is quadratic with charge density along the track as suggested by simple models. <f>Y</f> does not depend greatly on <f>τ</f> for <f>τ&gsim;τD</f> (one Debye period), and even <f>Y</f> <f>(τ=0.2τD)</f> is still nearly 20% of the yield when there is no neutralization <f>(τ→∞)</f>. The connections between ‘CEs’, thermal spikes and measurements of electronic sputtering are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - COULOMB potential
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry)
KW  - Coulomb explosion
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Sputtering, tracks
N1  - Accession Number: 11979713; Bringa, E.M. 1; Email Address: ebringa@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Material Sciences Directorate, MSTD L353, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2003, Vol. 209 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: COULOMB potential; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulomb explosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering, tracks; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(02)02006-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, Steven A.
AU  - Maurice Valett, H.
AU  - Webster, Jackson R.
AU  - Mulholland, Patrick J.
T1  - A regression approach to estimating reactive solute uptake in advective and transient storage zones of stream ecosystems
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 965
SN  - 03091708
AB  - A method is developed, the Regression Partitioning Method (RPM), for estimating the proportion of reactive solute uptake occurring within transient storage zones of streams. The RPM is a technique for analyzing solute addition data in which whole stream uptake (mg m−2 d−1) is determined from the longitudinal pattern in plateau tracer concentrations. At one location, a time series of samples are collected that define the ‘rising limb’ of the solute breakthrough curve. The <f>y</f>-intercept estimated by regressing a measure of reactive tracer availability (e.g. NO3–15N:Cl ratio) and the percentage of tracer that has resided within, and returned from, the transient storage zone (i.e. hyporheic zone) was used to predict channel-specific NO3 uptake rates. Uptake within the transient storage zone of stream-derived material is calculated by difference. Several numerical steps are developed that link uptake rate estimates to first-order reaction rate constants (<f>λC</f> and <f>λS</f>, min−1) more commonly used to describe solute behavior in one-dimensional transport models.The RPM was used to analyze the results of 2 stable isotope additions performed in Snake Den Branch, a small headwater stream in western North Carolina, USA. Channel-specific uptake rates (<f>UC</f>) ranged from 10.6 to 23.0 mg NO3–N m−2 d−1 and slightly exceeded uptake in the transient storage zone (<f>US</f>), which varied from 10.1 to 18.2 mg NO3–N m−2 d−1. Uptake within the transient storage zone accounted for 44–49% of the total uptake. <f>λC</f> and <f>λS</f> estimates ranged from 0.023 to 0.034 min−1 and 0.011 to 0.024 min−1, respectively. These processing rates correspond to solute residence times of 30–44 min and 41–90 min in the channel and storage zones, respectively. Finally, we assess the sensitivity of our approach to variation in the subsurface uptake coefficient and differing proportions of uptake occurring within the hyporheic zone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIVERS
KW  - UNSTEADY flow (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 10634599; Thomas, Steven A. 1; Email Address: sthomas@eco-metrics.com Maurice Valett, H. 1 Webster, Jackson R. 1 Mulholland, Patrick J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p965; Subject Term: RIVERS; Subject Term: UNSTEADY flow (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00083-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oberkampf, William L.
T1  - Verification of Computer Codes in Computational Science and Engineering (Book).
JO  - AIAA Journal
JF  - AIAA Journal
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 41
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1848
EP  - 1849
SN  - 00011452
AB  - Reviews the book 'Verification of Computer Codes in Computational Science and Engineering,' by Patrick Knupp and Kambiz Salari.
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - KNUPP, Patrick
KW  - SALARI, Kambiz
KW  - VERIFICATION of Computer Codes in Computational Science & Engineering (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 10819370; Oberkampf, William L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 41 Issue 9, p1848; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Reviews & Products: VERIFICATION of Computer Codes in Computational Science & Engineering (Book); People: KNUPP, Patrick; People: SALARI, Kambiz; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenwan Zhong, Joseph R.
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - High-Throughput Analysis of Total RNA Expression Profiles by Capillary Gel Electrophoresis.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4415
EP  - 4422
SN  - 00032700
AB  - We studied the expression profiles of total RNA in three types of human tissues. Reverse transcription was performed on total RNA samples extracted from kidney, normal breast, and breast tumor. Then, fluorophorlabeled cDNAs were synthesized by using random hexamers as primers for analysis by capillary gel electrophoresis. By overlaying the electropherograms and by performing multivariate analysis, we found that the RNA patterns were significantly different among the tissue samples. The protocol utilizes only submicroliter volumes of PCR products and is compatible with multiple capillary DNA sequencing instruments. These CE-based RNA patterns provide an alternative to RNA microarrays for expression profiling for understanding the molecular basis of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
KW  - TISSUES -- Analysis
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
N1  - Accession Number: 11435728; Wenwan Zhong, Joseph R. 1 Yeung, Edward S. 1; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 17, p4415; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; Subject Term: TISSUES -- Analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mohan, Deepa
AU  - Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana
AU  - Masselon, Christophe D.
AU  - Tolić, Nikola
AU  - Bogdanov, Bogdan
AU  - Hixson, Kim K.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Lee, Cheng S.
T1  - Integration of Electrokinetic-Based Multidimensional Separation/Concentration Platform with Electrospray Ionization-Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance-Mass Spectrometry for Proteome...
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4432
EP  - 4440
SN  - 00032700
AB  - This work focuses on the development of a multidimensional electrokinetic-based separation/concentration platform coupled with electrospray ionization -Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESIFFICR-MS) for achieving the high resolution and ultrasensitive analysis of complex protein/peptide mixtures. A microdialysis junction is employed as the interface for on-line combination of capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) with transient capillary isotachophoresis/zone electrophoresis (CITP/CZE) in an integrated platform. Besides the excellent resolving power afforded by both CIEF and CZE separations, the electrokinetic focusing/stacking effects of CIEF and CITP greatly enhance the dynamic range and detection sensitivity of MS for protein identification. The constructed multidimensional separation/ concentration platform is demonstrated for the analysis of Shewanella oneidensis proteome, which has considerable implications toward the bioremediation of environmental pollutants. The electrokinelic-based platform offers the overall peak capacity comparable to those obtained using multidimensional chromatography systems, but with a much shorter run rime and no need for column regeneration. Most importantly, a total of 1174 unique proteins, corresponding to 26.5% proteome coverage, are identified from the cytosolic fraction of S. oneidensis, while requiring <500 ng of proteolytic digest loaded in the CIEF capillary. The ultrasensitive capabilities of electrokinetic-based proteome approach are attributed to the concentration effect in CIEF, the electrokinetic stacking of C1TP, the nanoscale peak volume in CZE, the "accurate mass tag" strategy for protein/peptide identification, and the high-sensitivity, high-resolution, and high-mass measurement accuracy of FTICR-MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROKINETICS
KW  - ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 11435730; Mohan, Deepa 1 Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana 2 Masselon, Christophe D. 2 Tolić, Nikola 2 Bogdanov, Bogdan 2 Hixson, Kim K. 2 Smith, Richard D. 2 Lee, Cheng S. 1,3; Email Address: CL143@umail.umd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742.  2: Biomolecular Science Division and Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.  3: Calibrant Biosystmes, 7507 Standish Place, Rockville, Maryland 20855.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 17, p4432; Subject Term: ELECTROKINETICS; Subject Term: ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grant, Patrick G.
AU  - Palmblad, Magnus
AU  - Murov, Steven
AU  - Hillegonds, Darren J.
AU  - Ueda, Dawn L.
AU  - Vogel, John S.
AU  - Bench, Graham
T1  - &-alpha;-Particle Energy Loss measurement of Microgram Depositions of Biomolecules.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4519
EP  - 4524
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A commercially available ct-particle spectrometer and [SUP210]Po α-particle source were used to determine the mass of microgram quantities of biomolecules. Samples were deposited in microliter volumes on thin silicon nitride windows and dried. The energy loss of the α-particles after traversing the sample was converted to a mass using tabulated α-particle stopping powers. The measurement was absolute, independent of biomolecule species, and no stand ands were needed for quantitation. The method has a dynamic range of 0.1-100 μg for deposits of diameter 1-2 mm. The precision varies from ∼20% at 100 ng to a few percent at 5-100 μg. The silicon nitride windows allow multimodal analysis of the same quantified sample, including PIXE probing of elemental abundances, molecular identification by mass spectrometry, and isotopic quantitation of interactions. The method was used with accelerator mass spectrometry to quantify specific activities of microgram quantities of 14C-labeled proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 11435742; Grant, Patrick G. 1 Palmblad, Magnus 1; Email Address: palmblad1@llnl.gov Murov, Steven 1 Hillegonds, Darren J. 1 Ueda, Dawn L. 1 Vogel, John S. 1 Bench, Graham 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, L-397, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 17, p4519; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gross, Gwen M.
AU  - Nelson, David A.
AU  - Grate, Jay M.
AU  - Synovec, Robert E.
T1  - Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoparticles as a Stationary Phase for Open Tubular Gas Chromatography.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4558
EP  - 4564
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The use of a thin film of monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles (MPNs) as a stationary phase for gas chromatography (GC) is reported. Deposition of a MPN film was obtained in a 2-m, 530-μm-i.d. deactivated silica capillary using gravity to force the solution containing the MPN material through the capillary. By SEM analysis, the average film thickness was determined to be 60.7 nm. The retention behavior for the dodecanethiol MPN column was studied using four compound classes (alkanes, alcohols, aromatics, ketones), and retention orders were objectively compared to a commercially available column (AT-1, 100-nm film thickness). Separation of an eight-component mixture was performed using both isothermal and temperature-programming methods with the dodecanethiol MPN phase and compared to an isothermal separation with the AT-1 phase. The AT-1 phase separation had an efficiency, N, of 6200 (k' = 0.33) while the dodecanethiol MPN phase separation had an efficiency, N, of 5700 (k' = 0.21) for the same analyte, octane. The reduced plate height, h, for octane was found to be less than 1 at the optimum linear flow velocity, indicating the MPN column operated near the optimum possible performance level. Robustness of the MPN phase is also discussed with consistent performance observed over several months. Overall, MPNs appear promising as a stationary-phase material for GC and as an experimental platform to study their thermodynamic and mass-transfer properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - GAS chromatography
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - STATIONARY phase (Chromatography)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
N1  - Accession Number: 11435747; Gross, Gwen M. 1 Nelson, David A. 2 Grate, Jay M. 2 Synovec, Robert E. 1; Email Address: Synovec@chem.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Process Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington. Seattle, Washington 98195.  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 17, p4558; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: STATIONARY phase (Chromatography); Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jun Zheng
AU  - Springston, Stephen R.
AU  - Weinstein-Lloyd, Judith
T1  - Quantitative Analysis of Hydroperoxyl Radical Using Flow Injection Analysis with Chemiluminescence Detection.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4696
EP  - 4700
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The hydroperoxyl radical (HO[SUB2]) is one of the most abundant free radicals in the atmosphere, where in participates in a series of photochemical reactions that determine the late of natural and anthropogenic emissions. In addition, HO[SUB2] is found in droplets and surface water as a result of photochemical formation and gasphase scavenging. We describe a quantitative method for determining trace concentrations of HO[SUB2] radicals that exploits the chemiluminescence produced upon reaction with a synthetic analogue of luciferin from the crustacean Cypridina. The technique is linear at least up to 1 μM HO[SUB2](aq) and has a minimum detection limit of 0.1 nM. A unique feature of this analysis is a calibration method using stable aqueous HO[SUB2] stand ands produced in submicromolar concentrations using [SUP60]Co γ-radiolysis. The advantage of this method in comparison to others in consideration of field deployment is its simplicity, low cost, and minimal size and power requirements. One intended applicafion of this technique is the measurement of atmospheric HO[SUB2] radicals following collection into aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLOW injection analysis
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - CHEMILUMINESCENCE
KW  - QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11435767; Jun Zheng 1 Springston, Stephen R. 2 Weinstein-Lloyd, Judith 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Terrestrial and Planetary Atmospheres, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794.  2: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  3: Chemistry/Physics Department, SUNY/Old Westbury, Old Westbury, New York 11568.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 17, p4696; Subject Term: FLOW injection analysis; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHEMILUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celniker, Susan E.
AU  - Rubin, Gerald M.
T1  - THE DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER GENOME.
JO  - Annual Review of Genomics & Human Genetics
JF  - Annual Review of Genomics & Human Genetics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 117
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15278204
AB  - Drosophila's importance as a model organism made it an obvious choice to be among the first genomes sequenced, and the Release 1 sequence of the euchromatic portion of the genome was published in March 2000. This accomplishment demonstrated that a whole genome shotgun (WGS) strategy could produce a reliable metazoan genome sequence. Despite the attention to sequencing methods, the nucleotide sequence is just the starting point for genome-wide analyses; at a minimum, the genome sequence must be interpreted using expressed sequence tag (EST) and complementary DNA (cDNA) evidence and computational tools to identify genes and predict the structures of their RNA and protein products. The functions of these products and the manner in which their expression and activities are controlled must then be assessed--a much more challenging task with no clear endpoint that requires a wide variety of experimental and computational methods. We first review the current state of the Drosophila melanogaster genome sequence and its structural annotation and then briefly summarize some promising approaches that are being taken to achieve an initial functional annotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Genomics & Human Genetics is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DROSOPHILA
KW  - METAZOA
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - DNA
KW  - CDNAs
KW  - comparative genomics
KW  - gene annotation
KW  - gene disruption
KW  - gene expression
N1  - Accession Number: 11275490; Celniker, Susan E. 1; Email Address: celniker@bdgp.lbl.gov Rubin, Gerald M. 2; Email Address: gerry@fruitfly.org; Affiliation:  1: Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p89; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA; Subject Term: METAZOA; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDNAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: comparative genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene annotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene disruption; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene expression; Number of Pages: 29p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.genom.4.070802.110323
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fay, Justin C.
AU  - Chung-I Wu
T1  - SEQUENCE DIVERGENCE,FUNCTIONAL CONSTRAINT, AND SELECTION IN PROTEIN EVOLUTION.
JO  - Annual Review of Genomics & Human Genetics
JF  - Annual Review of Genomics & Human Genetics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 235
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15278204
AB  - The genome sequences of multiple species has enabled functional inferences from comparative genomics. A primary objective is to infer biological functions from the conservation of homologous DNA sequences between species. A second, more difficult, objective is to understand what functional DNA sequences have changed over time and are responsible for species' phenotypic differences. The neutral theory of molecular evolution provides a theoretical framework in which both objectives can be explicitly tested. Development of statistical tests within this framework has provided insight into the evolutionary forces that constrain and in some cases change DNA sequences and the resulting patterns that emerge. In this article, we review recent work on how functional constraint and changes in protein function are inferred from protein polymorphism and divergence data. We relate these studies to our understanding of the neutral theory and adaptive evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Genomics & Human Genetics is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - SPECIES
KW  - DNA
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - constraint
KW  - divergence
KW  - polymorphism
KW  - selection
N1  - Accession Number: 11275483; Fay, Justin C. 1; Email Address: jcfay@lbl.gov Chung-I Wu 2; Email Address: ciwu@uchicago.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p213; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: SPECIES; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: constraint; Author-Supplied Keyword: divergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: polymorphism; Author-Supplied Keyword: selection; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.genom.4.020303.162528
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hallam, Steven J.
AU  - Girguis, Peter R.
AU  - Preston, Christina M.
AU  - Richardson, Paul M.
AU  - DeLong, Edward F.
T1  - Identification of Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase A (mcrA) Genes Associated with Methane-Oxidizing Archae.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 69
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5483
EP  - 5491
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Phylogenetic and stable-isotope analyses implicated two methanogen-like archaeal groups, ANME-1 and ANME-2, as key participants in the process of anaerobic methane oxidation. Although nothing is known about anaerobic methane oxidation at the molecular level, the evolutionary relationship between methane-oxidizing archaea (MOA) and methanogenic archaea raises the possibility that MOA have co-opted key elements of the methanogenic pathway, reversing many of its steps to oxidize methane anaerobically. In order to explore this hypothesis, the existence and genomic conservation of methyl coenzyme M reductase (MCR), the enzyme catalyzing the terminal step in methanogenesis, was studied in ANME-1 and ANME-2 archaea isolated from various marine environments. Clone libraries targeting a conserved region of the alpha subunit of MCR (mcrA) were generated and compared from environmental samples, laboratory-incubated microcosms, and fosmid libraries. Four out of five novel mcrA types identified from these sources were associated with ANME-1 or ANME-2 group members. Assignment of mcrA types to specific phylogenetic groups was based on environmental clone recoveries, selective enrichment of specific MOA and mcrA types in a microcosm, phylogenetic congruence between mcrA and small-subunit rRNA tree topologies, and genomic context derived from fosmid sequences. Analysis of the ANME-1 and ANME-2 mcrA sequences suggested the potential for catalytic activity based on conservation of active-site amino acids. These results provide a basis for identifying methanotrophic archaea with mcrA sequences and define a functional genomic link between methanogenic and methanotrophic archaea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANAEROBIC bacteria
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10961055; Hallam, Steven J. 1 Girguis, Peter R. 1 Preston, Christina M. 1 Richardson, Paul M. 2 DeLong, Edward F. 1; Email Address: delong@mbari.org; Affiliation:  1: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California  2: The Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 69 Issue 9, p5483; Subject Term: ANAEROBIC bacteria; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.
AU  - Weaver, Virgina M.
AU  - Cadorette, Maureen
AU  - Puckett, Leslie G.
AU  - Schwartz, Brian S.
AU  - Wiggs, Laurie D.
AU  - Jankowski, Mark D.
AU  - Breysse, Patrick N.
T1  - Summary of Historical Beryllium Uses and Airborne Concentration Levels at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
JO  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 18
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 708
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 1047322X
AB  - Beryllium operations and accompanying medical surveillance of workers at Los Alamos National Laboratory began in the 1940s. In 1999 a Former Workers Medical Surveillance Program that includes screening for chronic beryllium disease was initiated. As part of this program, historical beryllium exposure conditions were reconstructed from archived paper and electronic industrial hygiene data sources to improve understanding of past beryllium uses and airborne concentration levels. Archived industrial hygiene sampling reports indicated beryllium was principally used in technical areas-01 and -03, primarily being machined. Beryllium was also used at 15 other technical areas in activities that ranged from explosives detonation to the manufacture of X-ray windows. A total of 4528 personal breathing zone and area air samples for beryllium, combined for purposes of calculating summary statistics, were identified during the records review phase. The geometric mean airborne beryllium concentration for the period 1949-1989 for all technical areas was 0.04 μg Be/m 3 with 97 percent of all sample below the 2.0 μg Be/m 3 occupational exposure limit (OEL). Average beryllium concentrations per decade were less than 1 μg Be/m 3 and annual geometric mean concentrations in technical area-03, the largest user of beryllium, were generally below 0.1 μg Be/m 3 , indicating exposure was generally well-controlled, that is, below the OEL. Typical of many retrospective exposure assessments, not all archived data could be extracted and summarized. Despite this, we report a reasonable summary of potential beryllium uses and airborne concentration levels a worker may have encountered from 1949-1989. These data can be used to more effectively identify former worker populations at potential risk for chronic beryllium disease and to offer these workers screening as part of the Former Worker Medical Surveillance Program, and in the event that a case is diagnosed, help to understand historical exposure conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - Los Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - United States
KW  - Chronic Beryllium Disease
KW  - Historical Exposure
KW  - Machining
N1  - Accession Number: 10573608; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. 1; Weaver, Virgina M. 1; Cadorette, Maureen 1; Puckett, Leslie G. 2; Schwartz, Brian S. 1; Wiggs, Laurie D. 2; Jankowski, Mark D. 2; Breysse, Patrick N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 18 Issue 9, p708; Thesaurus Term: Beryllium; Subject: New Mexico; Subject: Los Alamos (N.M.); Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronic Beryllium Disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Historical Exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Machining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baker, Paul A.
AU  - Vohraa, Yogesh K.
AU  - Peterson, Randolph S.
AU  - Weir, Samuel T.
T1  - Isotopically enriched designer-diamond anvil.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1734
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Isotopically enriched (42 at. % [sup 13]C) designer-diamond anvils were grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition using methane/hydrogen/oxygen chemistry. These isotopically enriched diamond layers can modify the thermal properties of the culet of high-pressure anvils and also allow the use of a [sup 13]C/[sup 12]C Raman pressure sensor system for high-pressure, high-temperature measurements. Raman spectroscopy clearly revealed the isotopically mixed nature of the culet while the photoluminescence spectra at 80 K demonstrate the nitrogen-based defect center near the culet of the diamond anvil. The ability to isotopically modify the diamond culets offers yet another functionality for the embedded electric and magnetic sensors in a designer-diamond anvil. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - PLASMA-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10665038; Baker, Paul A. 1 Vohraa, Yogesh K. 1; Email Address: ykvohra@uab.edu Peterson, Randolph S. 2,3 Weir, Samuel T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama 35294-1170.  2: Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Binningham,Alabama 35294-1170  3: and Department of Physics, The University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee 37383.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livennore, California 94550.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 9, p1734; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: PLASMA-enhanced chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606877
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geohegan, D. B.
AU  - Puretzky, A. A.
AU  - Ivanov, I. N.
AU  - Jesse, S.
AU  - Eres, G.
AU  - Howe, J. Y.
T1  - In situ growth rate measurements and length control during chemical vapor deposition of vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1851
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Time-resolved reflectivity is employed as an in situ diagnostic in thermal chemical vapor deposition of vertically aligned arrays of multiwall carbon nanotubes (VAA–MWNT). Fabry–Perot interference fringes and attenuation of a reflected HeNe laser beam are used to measure the length of VAA–MWNT throughout the first 3–8 μm of growth yielding in situ measurements of growth rates and kinetics and the capability to observe the onset and termination of growth. VAA–MWNT growth is characterized between 565 and 750 °C on Si substrates with evaporated Al/Fe/Mo multilayer catalysts and acetylene feedstock. Nanotube lengths were controlled by rapid evacuation of the chamber at predetermined reflectivities, and it was demonstrated that growth can be restarted at later times. The extinction coefficients of the VAA–MWNT were studied and correlated with nanotube wall structure. Growth rates for VAA–MWNT are found to vary depending on the catalyst preparation, temperature, and time. Both the highest growth rates (0.3 μm/s) and the tallest VAA–MWNT (0.75 mm long) were achieved at 730 °C. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - CATALYSTS
N1  - Accession Number: 10664999; Geohegan, D. B. 1,2; Email Address: odg@ornl.gov Puretzky, A. A. 1,2 Ivanov, I. N. 1,2 Jesse, S. 1,2 Eres, G. 1,2 Howe, J. Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6056  2: and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 9, p1851; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1605793
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watanabe, Yoshimi
AU  - Kang, S. H.
AU  - Chan, J. W.
AU  - Morris Jr., J. W.
AU  - Clarke, John
T1  - High-T[sub c] superconducting quantum interference device observation of heat-affected zone in a spot-welded Fe–Cr–Ni system.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1878
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A study was carried out to observe a heat-affected zone (HAZ) in a deformed Fe–Cr–Ni system containing α[sup ′] martensite using high-T[sub c] superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) microscopy. Microstructure and remanent magnetization images were studied by an optical microscope and a SQUID microscope, respectively. The HAZ, in which only the face-centered-cubic austenite phase exists, could be visualized by the SQUID microscope. It was also found that the SQUID images were consistent with the results from the microstructural analysis. It was concluded that a simple SQUID measurement may serve as an effective method for a nondestructive evaluation of ferromagnetic steel phases by correlating remanent magnetization images to microstructural characteristics. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARTENSITE
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MICROSCOPES
KW  - AUSTENITE
N1  - Accession Number: 10664990; Watanabe, Yoshimi 1; Email Address: yoshimi@giptc.shinshu-u.ac.jp Kang, S. H. 1 Chan, J. W. 1 Morris Jr., J. W. 1 Clarke, John 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Materials, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 9, p1878; Subject Term: MARTENSITE; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MICROSCOPES; Subject Term: AUSTENITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ashbaugh, Henry S.
AU  - Asthagiri, D.
AU  - Pratt, Lawrence R.
AU  - Rempe, Susan B.
T1  - Hydration of krypton and consideration of clathrate models of hydrophobic effects from the perspective of quasi-chemical theory
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 105
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 338
SN  - 03014622
AB  - Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) results on a krypton–water liquid solution are presented and compared to recent XAFS results for the radial hydration structure for a Kr atom in liquid water solution. Though these AIMD calculations have important limitations of scale, the comparisons with the liquid solution results are satisfactory and significantly different from the radial distributions extracted from the data on the solid Kr/H2O clathrate hydrate phase. The calculations also produce the coordination number distribution that can be examined for metastable coordination structures suggesting possibilities for clathrate-like organization; none are seen in these results. Clathrate pictures of hydrophobic hydration are discussed, as is the quasi-chemical theory that should provide a basis for clathrate pictures. Outer shell contributions are discussed and estimated; they are positive and larger than the positive experimental hydration free energy of Kr(aq), implying that inner shell contributions must be negative and of comparable size. Clathrate-like inner shell hydration structures on a Kr atom solute are obtained for some, but not all, of the coordination number cases observed in the simulation. The structures found have a delicate stability. Inner shell coordination structures extracted from the simulation of the liquid, and then subjected to quantum chemical optimization, always decomposed. Interactions with the outer shell material are decisive in stabilizing coordination structures observed in liquid solution and in clathrate phases. The primitive quasi-chemical estimate that uses a dielectric model for the influence of the outer shell material on the inner shell equilibria gives a contribution to hydration free energy that is positive and larger than the experimental hydration free energy. The ‘what are we to tell students’ question about hydrophobic hydration, often answered with structural clathrate pictures, is then considered; we propose an alternative answer that is consistent with successful molecular theories of hydrophobic effects and based upon distinctive observable properties of liquid water. Considerations of parsimony, for instance Ockham''s razor, then suggest that additional structural hypotheses in response to ‘what are we to tell students’ are not required at this stage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KRYPTON
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - Ab initio molecular dynamics
KW  - Clathrate hydrate
KW  - Hydrophobic hydration
KW  - Krypton
KW  - Quasi-chemical theory
KW  - Scaled particle theory
N1  - Accession Number: 16248468; Ashbaugh, Henry S. 1 Asthagiri, D. 1 Pratt, Lawrence R. 1 Rempe, Susan B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 105 Issue 2/3, p323; Subject Term: KRYPTON; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clathrate hydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrophobic hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Krypton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-chemical theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scaled particle theory; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4622(03)00084-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Poe-Jou
AU  - Liu, Yun
AU  - Weiss, Thomas M.
AU  - Huang, Huey W.
AU  - Sinn, Harald
AU  - Alp, Ercan E.
AU  - Alatas, Ahmet
AU  - Said, Ayman
AU  - Chen, Sow-Hsin
T1  - Studies of short-wavelength collective molecular motions in lipid bilayers using high resolution inelastic X-ray scattering
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 105
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 721
EP  - 741
SN  - 03014622
AB  - We summarize a series of experimental results made with the newly developed high resolution X-ray scattering (IXS) instrument on two pure lipid bilayers, including dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC) in both gel and liquid crystal phases, and lipid bilayers containing cholesterol. By analyzing the IXS data based on the generalized three effective eigenmode model (GTEE), we obtain dispersion relations of the high frequency density oscillations (phonons) of lipid molecules in these bilayers. We then compare the dispersion relations of pure lipid bilayers of different chain lengths among themselves and the dispersion relations of pure lipid bilayers with those of the cholesterol containing bilayers. We also compare our experimental results with collective dynamics data generated by computer molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) in gel phase and DMPC in liquid crystal phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - BILAYER lipid membranes
KW  - CHOLESTEROL
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - Collective dynamics in lipid bilayers
KW  - Generalized three effective eigenmode theory
KW  - Inelastic X-ray scattering
KW  - Phonon dispersion relations
N1  - Accession Number: 16248495; Chen, Poe-Jou 1 Liu, Yun 1 Weiss, Thomas M. 2 Huang, Huey W. 2 Sinn, Harald 3 Alp, Ercan E. 3 Alatas, Ahmet 3 Said, Ayman 3 Chen, Sow-Hsin 1; Email Address: sowhsin@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 24-209, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA  2: Physics Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 105 Issue 2/3, p721; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: BILAYER lipid membranes; Subject Term: CHOLESTEROL; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collective dynamics in lipid bilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Generalized three effective eigenmode theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonon dispersion relations; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4622(03)00099-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stan, M.
AU  - Reardon, B.J.
T1  - A Bayesian approach to evaluating the uncertainty of thermodynamic data and phase diagrams
JO  - CALPHAD
JF  - CALPHAD
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
SN  - 03645916
AB  - A heuristic optimization methodology based on Bayesian statistics is presented. The goal is to help researchers decide on the optimal set of thermodynamic data to use. This approach accounts for the errors associated with reported data and how reliable the researcher believes the model to be. The optimization is conducted with a multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with Bayesian statistics to more accurately link the limited and uncertain experimental thermodynamic data to thermodynamic models of interest. The computer program provides guidance as to which experiments are needed to enhance the reliability of the dataset and is ideally suited for parameter optimization and sensitivity analysis. Applications include the UO2–PuO2 and UO2–BeO systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of CALPHAD is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - COMPUTER software
N1  - Accession Number: 12168356; Stan, M.; Email Address: mastan@lanl.gov Reardon, B.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p319; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.calphad.2003.11.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hagemann, S.
AU  - Gates, L. D.
T1  - Improving a subgrid runoff parameterization scheme for climate models by the use of high resolution data derived from satellite observations.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 359
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09307575
AB  - In this study it is shown that the availability of a very high resolution dataset of land surface characteristics leads to the improvement of a surface runoff parameterization scheme. The improved parameterization scheme was developed for application in global and regional climate models and is a further development of the Arno scheme that is widely used in climate models. Here, surface runoff is computed as infiltration excess from a "bucket" type reservoir which takes the subgrid variability of soil saturation within a model gridbox into account. Instead of prescribing a distribution of subgrid scale soil water capacities as in the original Arno scheme, the array of high resolution soil water capacities taken from a global 1 km dataset of land surface parameters is used to obtain individual fractional saturation curves for each model gridbox. From each saturation curve, the three parameters (a shape parameter describing the shape of the subgrid distribution of soil water capacities, subgrid minimum and maximum soil water capacity) required in the modified formulation of the scheme are derived via optimization. As in the original Arno scheme applied in the ECHAM general circulation model and the REMO regional climate model, topography variations will influence the distribution of saturated subgrid areas within a model gridbox. At most gridboxes the net effect of these changes is such that more runoff is produced for high soil water contents and less runoff for low soil water contents. A validation of simulated discharge computed with a simplified land surface scheme applied to reanalysis data of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and a hydrological discharge model has shown that these changes lead to a more realistic simulation of the annual cycle of discharge for several catchments. In particular this could be shown for the Yangtze Kiang and Amur catchments where adequate input data are available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - RUNOFF
KW  - GEOPHYSICAL prediction
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - SOIL moisture
N1  - Accession Number: 16983828; Hagemann, S. 1; Email Address: hagemann@dkrz.de Gates, L. D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Bundesstr. 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 21 Issue 3/4, p349; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: RUNOFF; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICAL prediction; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: SOIL moisture; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-003-0349-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McEnerney, J.
AU  - Stengle, G.
T1  - An Algebraic Study of Affine Real Ultrafilters.
JO  - Communications in Algebra
JF  - Communications in Algebra
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 31
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4329
SN  - 00927872
AB  - The families of affine semi-algebraic sets over a real-closed field K and semi-linear sets over an ordered field enjoy many closure properties with algebraic and geometric significance. This paper studies the natural closure properies of Minkowski sums and scalar dilation. It gives an extension of the underlying vector space structure that enables the study of an arithmetic on the abstract points of their associated spectra. This arithmetic satisfies certain cancellation principles that motivates an investigation into an algebraic object weaker than a group and culminates with a version of the Jordan-Hölder theorem. With the subsequent definition of dimension we show that the collection of affine real ultrafilters in Kn is n-dimensional over the scalar ultrafilters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Algebra is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AFFINE algebraic groups
KW  - SEMIALGEBRAIC sets
KW  - ULTRAFILTERS (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10573401; McEnerney, J. 1; Email Address: mcenerneyl@llnl.gov Stengle, G. 2; Email Address: gas0@lehigh.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California  2: Department of Mathematics, Lehigh University; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 31 Issue 9, p4329; Subject Term: AFFINE algebraic groups; Subject Term: SEMIALGEBRAIC sets; Subject Term: ULTRAFILTERS (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/AGB-120022795
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ibarria, Lawrence
AU  - Lindstrom, Peter
AU  - Rossignac, Jarek
AU  - Szymczak, Andrzej
T1  - Out-of-core compression and decompression of large n-dimensional scalar fields.
JO  - Computer Graphics Forum
JF  - Computer Graphics Forum
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 348
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01677055
AB  - We present a simple method for compressing very large and regularly sampled scalar fields. Our method is particularly attractive when the entire data set does not fit in memory and when the sampling rate is high relative to the feature size of the scalar field in all dimensions. Although we report results for and data sets, the proposed approach may be applied to higher dimensions. The method is based on the new Lorenzo predictor, introduced here, which estimates the value of the scalar field at each sample from the values at processed neighbors. The predicted values are exact when the n-dimensional scalar field is an implicit polynomial of degree. Surprisingly,when the residuals (differences between the actual and predicted values) are encoded using arithmetic coding,the proposed method often outperforms wavelet compression in an sense. The proposed approach may be used both for lossy and lossless compression and is well suited for out-of-core compression and decompression,because a trivial implementation, which sweeps through the data set reading it once, requires maintaining only a small buffer in core memory, whose size barely exceeds a single ( n−1)- dimensional slice of the data. Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): I.3.5 [Computer Graphics]: Compression, scalar fields,out-of-core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Graphics Forum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11280807; Ibarria, Lawrence 1 Lindstrom, Peter 2 Rossignac, Jarek 1 Szymczak, Andrzej 1; Affiliation:  1: *GVU Center, College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA  2: †Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p343; Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/1467-8659.00681
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gygi, François
AU  - Fattebert, Jean-Luc
AU  - Schwegler, Eric
T1  - Computation of Maximally Localized Wannier Functions using a simultaneous diagonalization algorithm
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 155
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We show that a simultaneous diagonalization algorithm used in signal processing applications can be used in the context of electronic structure calculations to efficiently compute Maximally Localized Wannier Functions (MLWFs). Applications to calculations of MLWFs in molecular and solid systems demonstrate the efficiency of the approach. We also present and discuss a parallel version of the algorithm. An extension of the concept of MLWF to generalized minimum spread wavefunctions is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIGNALS & signaling
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MAXIMAL functions
KW  - 71.15.-m
KW  - 71.15.Ap
KW  - 71.15.Pd
KW  - First-principles molecular dynamics
KW  - Simultaneous diagonalization
KW  - Wannier functions
N1  - Accession Number: 10570414; Gygi, François 1; Email Address: fgygi@llnl.gov Fattebert, Jean-Luc 1 Schwegler, Eric 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 155 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SIGNALS & signaling; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MAXIMAL functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.-m; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.Ap; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.Pd; Author-Supplied Keyword: First-principles molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simultaneous diagonalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wannier functions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00315-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schofield, Joe
AU  - Hirmanpour, Iraj
T1  - Defect Management Through the Personal Software Process.
JO  - CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering
JF  - CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 16
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 20
SN  - 21601577
AB  - Software quality improvement begins with defect-free software. The Personal Software Process[supSM] (PSP[supSM]) defect management framework provides individual software engineers with the tools to prevent and remove defects early in the life cycle. Our experience with the PSP indicates that the application of discipline methods such as PSP provides a mechanism for defect prevention as well as early defect removal and substantial reduction in test time. In this article, we describe the PSP defect management framework and quantitatively demonstrate the reduction of defects by using the PSP defect management methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering is the property of USAF Software Technology Support Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software -- Quality control
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - MANAGEMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 11032924; Schofield, Joe 1; Email Address: jrschof@sandia.gov Hirmanpour, Iraj 2; Email Address: ihirman@earthlink.net; Affiliation:  1: Technical staff member, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0661, Albuquerque, NM 87185  2: Principal, AMS, Inc., 421 7th St. NE, Atlanta, GA 30308; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 16 Issue 9, p17; Subject Term: COMPUTER software -- Quality control; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: MANAGEMENT; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Voronin, G.A.
AU  - Zerda, T.W.
AU  - Qian, J.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - He, D.
AU  - Dub, S.N.
T1  - Diamond–SiC nanocomposites sintered from a mixture of diamond and silicon nanopowders
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 12
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1477
SN  - 09259635
AB  - A novel method of reactive sintering of diamond–SiC nanocomposites based on thorough mixing of diamond and silicon nanosize powders was applied to produce large specimens. For comparison purposes we also sintered pure nanocrystalline diamond compacts and micron-sized diamond–SiC composites by the infiltration method. Structure of these materials was studied by scanning electron microscopy, Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction. Diamond–SiC nanocomposites have remarkably high fracture toughness and are significantly harder than the sintered pure nanocrystalline diamond compacts. Silicon is shown to hinder graphitization of diamond. Broadening of X-ray lines is explained in terms of plastic deformations and size-effect in diamond and silicon carbide crystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Composites
KW  - High pressure high temperature
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Synthetic diamond
N1  - Accession Number: 11002363; Voronin, G.A. 1,2; Email Address: g.voronin@tcu.edu Zerda, T.W. 1 Qian, J. 1,3 Zhao, Y. 3 He, D. 3 Dub, S.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA  2: ISM NAN Ukraine, Kiev 02074, Ukraine  3: LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 12 Issue 9, p1477; Subject Term: SINTERING; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure high temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthetic diamond; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-9635(03)00176-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan, Annett B.
AU  - Jager, Henriette I.
AU  - Myers, Ralph
T1  - Modeling white sturgeon movement in a reservoir: the effect of water quality and sturgeon density
JO  - Ecological Modelling
JF  - Ecological Modelling
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 167
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
SN  - 03043800
AB  - We developed a movement model to examine the distribution and survival of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in a reservoir subject to large spatial and temporal variation in dissolved oxygen and temperature. Temperature and dissolved oxygen were simulated by a CE-QUAL-W2 model of Brownlee Reservoir, Idaho for a typical wet, normal, and dry hydrologic year. We compared current water quality conditions to scenarios with reduced nutrient inputs to the reservoir. White sturgeon habitat quality was modeled as a function of temperature, dissolved oxygen and, in some cases, suitability for foraging and depth. We assigned a quality index to each cell along the bottom of the reservoir. The model simulated two aspects of daily movement. Advective movement simulated the tendency for animals to move toward areas with high habitat quality, and diffusion simulated density dependent movement away from areas with high sturgeon density in areas with non-lethal habitat conditions. Mortality resulted when sturgeon were unable to leave areas with lethal temperature or dissolved oxygen conditions. Water quality was highest in winter and early spring and lowest in mid to late summer. Limiting nutrient inputs reduced the area of Brownlee Reservoir with lethal conditions for sturgeon and raised the average habitat suitability throughout the reservoir. Without movement, simulated white sturgeon survival ranged between 45 and 89%. Allowing movement raised the predicted survival of sturgeon under all conditions to above 90% as sturgeon avoided areas with low habitat quality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WHITE sturgeon
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Acipenser transmontanus
KW  - Advection
KW  - Density dependence
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Movement model
KW  - Reservoir water quality
KW  - Spatially explicit model
KW  - White sturgeon
N1  - Accession Number: 10634773; Sullivan, Annett B. 1; Email Address: annett@usgs.gov Jager, Henriette I. 1 Myers, Ralph 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA  2: Idaho Power Company, 1221 West Idaho, Boise, ID 83702, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 167 Issue 1/2, p97; Subject Term: WHITE sturgeon; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acipenser transmontanus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density dependence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Movement model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reservoir water quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatially explicit model; Author-Supplied Keyword: White sturgeon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3800(03)00169-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burger, Joanna
AU  - Diaz-Barriga, Fernando
AU  - Marafante, Erminio
AU  - Pounds, Joel
AU  - Robson, Mark
T1  - Methodologies to examine the importance of host factors in bioavailability of metals
JO  - Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety
JF  - Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 56
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 01476513
AB  - Bioavailability provides a link between intrinsic toxicity and the ability to produce that toxic effect in an organism. Biomonitoring tools are essential to assess the health of ecosystems and their component parts, including humans. While field and laboratory data are available, two critical issues to our understanding of bioavailability are often missing: 1) knowing the relationship between dose and tissue concentrations, and 2) species extrapolations. Understanding of high to low dose extrapolation is also critical. Methods to understand the importance of host factors in bioavailability of metals must assess gender, age, nutritional status, individual variability, temporal changes, and critical habitat effects. Methods to examine these variables include correlational, observational, experimental, epidemiological, and modeling studies, or a combination of these. Data gaps include developing more representative studies of human and animal populations, better analytical tools for rapid determination of metal content in the field, improved analytical characterization of metal bioavailability, and concurrent studies of different metals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Ecosystem health
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Biomonitoring
KW  - Ecological receptors
KW  - Host
KW  - Metals
N1  - Accession Number: 10502565; Burger, Joanna 1; Email Address: burger@biology.rutgers.edu; Diaz-Barriga, Fernando 2; Marafante, Erminio 3; Pounds, Joel 4; Robson, Mark 5; Affiliations: 1: Nelson Biological Laboratories, Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082, USA; 2: Universidad Autonoma de San Lius Potosi, Facultad de Medicina, Av. Venustiano Carranza No. 2405, Col. Los Filtros, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico; 3: Joint Research Centre, Environmental Institute, European Commission, Ispra, Varese 21020, Italy; 4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS P7-58 - 902 Batelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA; 5: University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 56 Issue 1, p20; Thesaurus Term: Bioavailability; Thesaurus Term: Ecosystem health; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomonitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological receptors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Host; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00047-2
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thackeray, M.M.
AU  - Johnson, C.S.
AU  - Kim, J.-S.
AU  - Lauzze, K.C.
AU  - Vaughey, J.T.
AU  - Dietz, N.
AU  - Abraham, D.
AU  - Hackney, S.A.
AU  - Zeltner, W.
AU  - Anderson, M.A.
T1  - ZrO2- and Li2ZrO3-stabilized spinel and layered electrodes for lithium batteries
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 5
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 752
SN  - 13882481
AB  - Strategies for countering the solubility of LiMn2O4 (spinel) electrodes at 50 °C and for suppressing the reactivity of layered LiMO2 (M=Co, Ni, Mn, Li) electrodes at high potentials are discussed. Surface treatment of LiMn2O4 with colloidal zirconia (ZrO2) dramatically improves the cycling stability of the spinel electrode at 50 °C in Li/LiMn2O4 cells. ZrO2-coated LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 electrodes provide a superior capacity and cycling stability to uncoated electrodes when charged to a high potential (4.6 V vs Li0). The use of Li2ZrO3, which is structurally more compatible with spinel and layered electrodes than ZrO2 and which can act as a Li+-ion conductor, has been evaluated in composite 0.03Li2ZrO3 <f>·</f> 0.97LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 electrodes; glassy LixZrO2 + x/2 (<f>0<x&les;2</f>) products can be produced from colloidal ZrO2 for surface coatings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPINEL
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Coating
KW  - Layered
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Spinel
KW  - Stabilized electrode
KW  - Zirconia
N1  - Accession Number: 10745460; Thackeray, M.M. 1; Email Address: thackeray@cmt.anl.gov Johnson, C.S. 1 Kim, J.-S. 1 Lauzze, K.C. 1 Vaughey, J.T. 1 Dietz, N. 1 Abraham, D. 1 Hackney, S.A. 2 Zeltner, W. 3 Anderson, M.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA  3: Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 5 Issue 9, p752; Subject Term: SPINEL; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spinel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stabilized electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zirconia; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1388-2481(03)00179-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arenz, M.
AU  - Stamenkovic, V.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
AU  - Markovic, N.M.
T1  - Preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide adsorbed on Pd submonolayer films deposited on Pt(1 0 0)
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 5
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 809
SN  - 13882481
AB  - The electrochemical behavior of palladium modified Pt(1 0 0) in perchloric acid solution has been studied by means of cyclic voltammetry, CO bulk oxidation and in-situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectra on Pd submonolayers reveal that at low potentials (about 0.4 V) Pd-bounded CO is oxidized preferentially, whereas at the same time the Pt–CO oxidation rate is rather slow. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - THIN films
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Bimetallic surfaces
KW  - Carbon monoxide oxidation
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Platinum
KW  - Pseudomorphic metal films
N1  - Accession Number: 10745471; Arenz, M.; Email Address: marenz@lbl.gov Stamenkovic, V. 1 Ross, P.N. 1 Markovic, N.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 5 Issue 9, p809; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bimetallic surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudomorphic metal films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elecom.2003.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rothman, Jeffrey L.
AU  - Michta, Richard
T1  - Measure Nanoseconds With A PIC Microcontroller.
JO  - Electronic Design
JF  - Electronic Design
Y1  - 2003/09//9/01/2003
VL  - 51
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
EP  - 69
PB  - Penton Media, Inc.
SN  - 00134872
AB  - Discusses the importance of nanosecond interval timers in products. Product features; Measurement of pulse lengths; Linearity over the full dynamic range.
KW  - TIME measurements
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11464016; Rothman, Jeffrey L. 1; Email Address: jrothman@bnl.gov Michta, Richard 2; Email Address: rmichta@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator diagnostics engineer, NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.  2: Accelerator controls engineer, NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.; Source Info: 9/01/2003, Vol. 51 Issue 19, p68; Subject Term: TIME measurements; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - L. Pellegrini
AU  - N. Volkmann
AU  - H. Tsuruta
AU  - B. Yelent
AU  - T.L. Blundell
AU  - A.R. Venkitaraman
AU  - J.A. Tainer
AU  - D. Bates
AU  - D.S. Yu
AU  - M.K. Shivji
AU  - D.S. Shin
AU  - D.S. Daniels
AU  - L. Craig
AU  - C. Hitomi
AU  - A.S. Arvai
T1  - Full-length archaeal Rad51 structure and mutants: mechanisms for RAD51 assembly and control by BRCA2.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 22
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4566
SN  - 02614189
AB  - To clarify RAD51 interactions controlling homologous recombination, we report here the crystal structure of the full-length RAD51 homolog from Pyrococcus furiosus. The structure reveals how RAD51 proteins assemble into inactive heptameric rings and active DNA-bound filaments matching three-dimensional electron microscopy reconstructions. A polymerization motif (RAD51-PM) tethers individual subunits together to form assemblies. Subunit interactions support an allosteric 'switch' promoting ATPase activity and DNA binding roles for the N-terminal domain helix-hairpin-helix (HhH) motif. Structural and mutational results characterize RAD51 interactions with the breast cancer susceptibility protein BRCA2 in higher eukaryotes. A designed P.furiosus RAD51 mutant binds BRC repeats and forms BRCA2-dependent nuclear foci in human cells in response to γ-irradiation-induced DNA damage, similar to human RAD51. These results show that BRCA2 repeats mimic the RAD51-PM and imply analogous RAD51 interactions with RAD52 and RAD54. Both BRCA2 and RAD54 may act as antagonists and chaperones for RAD51 filament assembly by coupling RAD51 interface exchanges with DNA binding. Together, these structural and mutational results support an interface exchange hypothesis for coordinated protein interactions in homologous recombination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10816774; L. Pellegrini 1 N. Volkmann 2 H. Tsuruta 3 B. Yelent 4 T.L. Blundell 1 A.R. Venkitaraman 5 J.A. Tainer 6 D. Bates 5 D.S. Yu 5 M.K. Shivji 5 D.S. Shin 7 D.S. Daniels 7 L. Craig 7 C. Hitomi 7 A.S. Arvai 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA  2: The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037  3: SSRL/SLAC, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  4: Present address: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: CR UK Department of Oncology and The Medical Research Council Cancer Cell Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK  6: e-mail: jat@scripps.edu  7: Department of Molecular Biology and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 and Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 22 Issue 17, p4566; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
AU  - Laitner, John A.
AU  - Ruth, Michael
AU  - Finman, Hodayah
T1  - Productivity benefits of industrial energy efficiency measures
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 28
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1081
SN  - 03605442
AB  - We review the relationship between energy efficiency improvement measures and productivity in industry. We review over 70 industrial case studies from widely available published databases, followed by an analysis of the representation of productivity benefits in energy modeling. We propose a method to include productivity benefits in the economic assessment of the potential for energy efficiency improvement. The case-study review suggests that energy efficiency investments can provide a significant boost to overall productivity within industry. If this relationship holds, the description of energy-efficient technologies as opportunities for larger productivity improvements has significant implications for conventional economic assessments. The paper explores the implications this change in perspective on the evaluation of energy-efficient technologies for a study of the iron and steel industry in the US. This examination shows that including productivity benefits explicitly in the modeling parameters would double the cost-effective potential for energy efficiency improvement, compared to an analysis excluding those benefits. We provide suggestions for future research in this important area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - INDUSTRIAL productivity
N1  - Accession Number: 10007938; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov Laitner, John A. 2 Ruth, Michael 1 Finman, Hodayah 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS: 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: US Environmental Protection Agency, MS: 6201J, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 28 Issue 11, p1081; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL productivity; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00091-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clear, R.D.
AU  - Gartland, L.
AU  - Winkelmann, F.C.
T1  - An empirical correlation for the outside convective air-film coefficient for horizontal roofs
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
SN  - 03787788
AB  - From measurements of surface heat transfer on the roofs of two commercial buildings in Northern California we have developed a correlation that expresses the outside convective air-film coefficient for flat, horizontal roofs as a function of surface-to-air temperature difference, wind speed, wind direction, roof size, and surface roughness. When used in detailed building energy analysis programs, this correlation is expected to give more accurate calculation of roof loads, which are sensitive to outside surface convection. In our analysis, about 90% of the variance of the data was explained by a model that combined standard flat-plate equations for natural and forced convection and that took surface roughness into account. We give expressions for the convective air-film coefficient: (1) at an arbitrary point on a convex-shaped roof, for a given wind direction; (2) averaged over a strip along the wind direction; and (3) averaged over a rectangular roof for a given wind direction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - Commercial buildings
KW  - California
KW  - United States
KW  - Air flow
KW  - Building thermal simulation
KW  - Convection
N1  - Accession Number: 10008840; Clear, R.D. 1; Gartland, L.; Winkelmann, F.C.; Email Address: fcwinkelmann@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 35 Issue 8, p797; Subject Term: Heat transfer; Subject Term: Commercial buildings; Subject: California; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building thermal simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541310 Architectural Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00240-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, Chuang
AU  - Ahmadi, Goodarz
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Constant rate natural gas production from a well in a hydrate reservoir
JO  - Energy Conversion & Management
JF  - Energy Conversion & Management
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 44
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2403
SN  - 01968904
AB  - Using a computational model, production of natural gas at a constant rate from a well that is drilled into a confined methane hydrate reservoir is studied. It is assumed that the pores in the reservoir are partially saturated with hydrate. A linearized model for an axisymmetric condition with a fixed well output is used in the analysis. For different reservoir temperatures and various well outputs, time evolutions of temperature and pressure profiles, as well as the gas flow rate in the hydrate zone and the gas region, are evaluated. The distance of the decomposition front from the well as a function of time is also computed. It is shown that to maintain a constant natural gas production rate, the well pressure must be decreased with time. A constant low production rate can be sustained for a long duration of time, but a high production rate demands unrealistically low pressure at the well after a relatively short production time. The simulation results show that the process of natural gas production in a hydrate reservoir is a sensitive function of reservoir temperature and hydrate zone permeability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Conversion & Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Natural gas
KW  - Methane industry
KW  - Computer model
KW  - Hydrate dissociation
KW  - Methane hydrate
KW  - Natural gas production
N1  - Accession Number: 9676974; Ji, Chuang 1; Ahmadi, Goodarz 1; Email Address: ahmadi@clarkson.edu; Smith, Duane H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5725, USA; 2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 44 Issue 15, p2403; Thesaurus Term: Natural gas; Thesaurus Term: Methane industry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrate dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane hydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural gas production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0196-8904(03)00010-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buelna, G.
AU  - Lin, Y. S.
T1  - COMBINED REMOVAL OF SO2 AND NO USING SOL-GEL-DERIVED COPPER OXIDE COATED ALUMINA SORBENTS/CATALYSTS.
JO  - Environmental Technology
JF  - Environmental Technology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 24
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1087
EP  - 1095
SN  - 09593330
AB  - The present paper reports experimental results on the removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide from simulated flue gas using a copper oxide coated on alumina sorbent/catalyst prepared by the sol-gel method. Selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia over sol-gel derived CuO/γ-Al2O3 sorbents/catalysts with different degrees of sulfation was studied in a fixed-bed packed reactor. The optimum temperature for NO reduction was found at 350°C for both fresh and sulfated catalysts. The properties for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO by the sol-gel-derived CuO/γ-Al2O3 sorbents were studied using simulated dry flue gas. The optimum operating temperature for the combined deSO2/deNO operations was identified at 350 °C. At the space velocity of 5200 h-1 and 350°C, a fixed-bed reactor packed with the 7.9 wt% CuO/γ-Al2O3 sorbent prepared by the sol-gel method offers SO2 sorption capacity of 2.3 mmol g-1 and NO conversion of 92% with a dry simulated flue gas as the feed. Under these experimental conditions, the sol-gel derived sorbents/catalysts have comparable efficiency for removal of SO2 and NOx as their commercial counterparts. The significantly higher crush strength of the sol-gel derived sorbents/catalysts make them very promising for their use in the copper oxide process for combined removal of SO2 and NOx from flue gas in a single unit operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Flue gases -- Desulfurization
KW  - Sulfur dioxide
KW  - Nitric oxide
KW  - Ammonia
KW  - Copper oxide
KW  - Somatomedin
KW  - γ-Al2O3
KW  - CuO
KW  - deNOx
KW  - deSOx
KW  - selective catalytic reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 51910249; Buelna, G. 1; Lin, Y. S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Chemical and Biological Technologies Department, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0734, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0734, USA; 2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Oh, 45221-0171, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 24 Issue 9, p1087; Thesaurus Term: Flue gases -- Desulfurization; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Nitric oxide; Thesaurus Term: Ammonia; Subject Term: Copper oxide; Subject Term: Somatomedin; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: CuO; Author-Supplied Keyword: deNOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: deSOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: selective catalytic reduction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
AU  - Bennett, Paula V.
AU  - Cintron, Nela S.
AU  - Guida, Peter
AU  - Laval, Jacques
T1  - Low levels of endogenous oxidative damage cluster levels in unirradiated viral and human DNAs
JO  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
JF  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
SN  - 08915849
AB  - Ionizing radiation induces bistranded DNA damage clusters—two or more oxidized bases, abasic, sites or strand breaks on opposing strands within a few helical turns—but it is not known if clusters are also formed in unirradiated DNA in solution or in unirradiated cultured human cells. The frequencies of endogenous oxidized purine clusters (recognized by Escherichia coli Fpg protein), oxidized pyrimidine clusters (recognized by Nth protein), and abasic clusters (cleavage by Nfo protein) were determined using quantitative gel electrophoresis, electronic imaging, and number average length analysis. Methods of DNA isolation and storage were found to affect cluster levels significantly. In bacteriophage T7 DNA prepared using stringent conditions, the frequencies of these clusters were <1/Mbp. In DNA from unirradiated human 28SC monocytes, the levels of such clusters were, at most, a few per gigabase pair. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Free Radical Biology & Medicine is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGES
KW  - Abasic sites
KW  - DNA damage clusters
KW  - Endogenous
KW  - Freeradicals
KW  - Human cells
KW  - Oxidized base
KW  - Unirradiated
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 10571244; Sutherland, Betsy M. 1; Email Address: bms@bnl.gov Bennett, Paula V. 1 Cintron, Nela S. 1 Guida, Peter 1 Laval, Jacques 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, USA  2: Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p495; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: BACTERIOPHAGES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abasic sites; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA damage clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Endogenous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Freeradicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidized base; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unirradiated; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0891-5849(03)00327-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lorenz, A.
AU  - Combs, S.
AU  - Reich, M.
AU  - Lang, P.T.
AU  - Watson, M.
AU  - Wilson, D.
AU  - Wittmann, C.
T1  - Mass transfer in long pellet guiding systems at ASDEX upgrade and JET
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Guiding systems used for transfer of cryogenic pellets to the tokamak inboard currently undergo optimisation to possibly extend the operational range of Inboard pellet injection scenarios. Work reported here has been concentrating on experimental studies and calculations of pellet mass loss during transfer in a guiding tube as a function of pellet parameters such as velocity and ice composition, and guiding track characteristics such as vacuum conductance, geometry, size and shape of cross-section. Results from ASDEX Upgrade and ORNL systems suggest, that centripetal loads on the pellets due to small radii bends in the systems strongly increase the erosion of pellet ice. A deleterious effect of accumulated gas due to sublimated D2-ice blocking the tube and eroding subsequent pellets has been found. However, an efficient vacuum pumping set up for a given pellet repetition rate can significantly improve the mass conservation with respect to closed tube systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PELLETIZING
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLDING (Chemical technology)
KW  - ASDEX
KW  - JET
KW  - Mass loss
KW  - Pellet guiding systems
N1  - Accession Number: 10743453; Lorenz, A. 1,2; Email Address: axel.lorenz@jet.efda.org Combs, S. 3 Reich, M. 2 Lang, P.T. 2 Watson, M. 4 Wilson, D. 4 Wittmann, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: EFDA JET Culham, Culham Science Centre, Oxford OX14 3DB, UK  2: Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik/EURATOM, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8071, USA  4: UKAEA Culham, Culham Science Centre, Oxford OX14 3DB, UK; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 69 Issue 1-4, p15; Subject Term: PELLETIZING; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLDING (Chemical technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: ASDEX; Author-Supplied Keyword: JET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pellet guiding systems; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00226-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suzuki, A.
AU  - Muroga, T.
AU  - Pint, B.A.
AU  - Yoneoka, T.
AU  - Tanaka, S.
T1  - Corrosion behaviour of AlN for self-cooled Li/V blanket application
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 397
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Corrosion behaviour of Aluminum nitride (AlN) as a candidate material for insulating coating for V/Li blanket was investigated by corrosion experiments in liquid lithium (Li) up to 1073 K for 1000 h. High purity AlN samples decreased their weights after the sintering test in Li in contact with vanadium alloy over 973 K, while those in Li not in contact with the vanadium alloy survived up to 1073 K. Nitrogen dissolution from AlN into the liquid Li and absorption of dissolved nitrogen by vanadium alloy are considered to be a corrosion mechanism. Small decreases of electrical resistance were observed after the sintering tests over 873 K because of the conductive corrosion layer on the surface caused by the nitrogen dissolution. In the cases of low purity AlN samples sintered over 973 K, large weight decreases were explained by fragile grain boundary caused by oxygen dissolution. The oxygen dissolution may also results in the resistivity decrease even at 723 K. Therefore, decrease of oxygen impurity in AlN and addition of nitrogen in liquid Li are considered to give a possible solution to the Li/AlN corrosion problem in the Li/AlN/V alloy blanket system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION resistant alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM nitride
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - VANADIUM alloys
KW  - Aluminum nitride
KW  - Blanket
KW  - Corrosion behaviour
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Vanadium alloy
N1  - Accession Number: 10743517; Suzuki, A. 1; Email Address: asuzuki@nifs.ac.jp Muroga, T. 1 Pint, B.A. 2 Yoneoka, T. 3 Tanaka, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Engineering Research Center, National Institute for Fusion Science, Oroshi 322-6, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA  3: Department of Quantum Engineering and Systems Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 69 Issue 1-4, p397; Subject Term: CORROSION resistant alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM nitride; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: VANADIUM alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blanket; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion behaviour; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadium alloy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00082-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hassanein, Ahmed
AU  - Morozov, V.
AU  - Tolkach, V.
AU  - Sizyuk, V.
AU  - Konkashbaev, I.
T1  - New critical assessments of chamber and wall response to target implosion in inertial fusion reactors
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The chamber walls in inertial fusion energy (IFE) reactors are exposed to harsh conditions following each target implosion. Key issues of the cyclic IFE operation include intense photon and ion deposition, wall thermal and hydrodynamic evolution, wall erosion and fatigue lifetime, and chamber clearing and evacuation to ensure desirable conditions prior to next target implosion. Several methods for wall protection have been proposed in the past, each having its own advantages and disadvantages. These methods include use of solid bare walls, gas-filled cavities, and liquid walls/jets. Detailed models have been developed for reflected laser light, emitted photons, neutrons, and target debris deposition and interaction with chamber components and have been implemented in the comprehensive heights software package. The hydrodynamic response of gas-filled cavities and photon radiation transport of the deposited energy have been calculated by means of new and advanced numerical techniques for accurate shock treatment and propagation. Photon radiation transport models are developed for either the gas-filled cavity or in the evolving vapor cloud layer above the wall surface. The focus of this work is to examine the overall wall response and lifetime due to various erosion mechanisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - Chamber technology
KW  - HEIGHTS
KW  - Inertial fusion
KW  - Laser fusion
KW  - Shock hydrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 10743577; Hassanein, Ahmed; Email Address: hassanein@anl.gov Morozov, V. 1 Tolkach, V. 1 Sizyuk, V. 1 Konkashbaev, I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Bldg. 308, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 69 Issue 1-4, p781; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chamber technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: HEIGHTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock hydrodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00153-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perlado, J.M.
AU  - Lodi, D.
AU  - Marian, J.
AU  - González Plata, A.I.
AU  - Salvador, M.
AU  - Caturla, M.J.
AU  - Díaz de la Rubia, T.
AU  - Colombo, L.
T1  - Modeling of time-dependent damage in structural wall of inertial fusion reactors and new tight binding model for SiC
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 795
SN  - 09203796
AB  - New results on neutron intensities and energy spectra in structural wall materials versus time after inertial fusion (IFE) target emission are presented, showing differences between two IFE chamber protections (LiPb, Flibe). Key parameters and mechanisms are: density, moderation, and threshold reactions such as (n, 2n) and (n, 3n). Using computed time-dependent neutron intensities in the structural wall, we present a Multiscale Modeling study of pulse (1–10 Hz) irradiation in Fe, up to the level of defect microscopic characterization depending on time irradiation. Final responses of the microscopic structure after irradiation to 10−3 dpa are reported, and the differences with a continuous irradiation, for a still low irradiation fluence, are remarked. A new code based on tight binding molecular dynamics has been developed for studying SiC; and its first applications to different temperature-dependent situations demonstrates a reliable proof of principle of the new model. An efficient Multiscale Modeling systematic approach of SiC is lacking; starting with the absence of an appropriate description of defects and its diffusion. That goal can be obtained using this TBMD accurate tool. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - NEUTRONS -- Spectra
KW  - SiC
KW  - Structural wall
KW  - Time-dependent damage
N1  - Accession Number: 10743579; Perlado, J.M. 1; Email Address: mperlado@din.upm.es Lodi, D. 1,2 Marian, J. 1,3 González Plata, A.I. 1 Salvador, M. 1 Caturla, M.J. 3 Díaz de la Rubia, T. 3 Colombo, L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Fusión Nuclear, E.T.S.I.I., Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, J. Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain  2: SCK CEN MOL, Belgium  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  4: University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 69 Issue 1-4, p795; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: NEUTRONS -- Spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural wall; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-dependent damage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00162-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goodin, D.T.
AU  - Nobile, A.
AU  - Hoffer, J.
AU  - Nikroo, A.
AU  - Besenbruch, G.E.
AU  - Brown, L.C.
AU  - Maxwell, J.L.
AU  - Meier, W.R.
AU  - Norimatsu, T.
AU  - Pulsifer, J.
AU  - Rickman, W.S.
AU  - Steckle, W.
AU  - Stephens, E.H.
AU  - Tillack, M.
T1  - Addressing the issues of target fabrication and injection for inertial fusion energy
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 803
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Addressing the issues associated with target fabrication and injection is a major part of an international program to establish the feasibility of inertial fusion energy (IFE), both for laser-driven and heavy-ion driven concepts. A summary of the unique materials science and chemistry research programs associated with supplying targets for an IFE power plant is presented. The cost of manufacturing targets for commercial power applications is a significant perceived feasibility issue for IFE, and preliminary estimates of Target Fabrication Facility costs are discussed for both direct and indirect drive systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - Direct drive targets
KW  - DT fuel
KW  - Inertial fusion energy
N1  - Accession Number: 10743580; Goodin, D.T. 1; Email Address: dan.goodin@gat.com Nobile, A. 2 Hoffer, J. 2 Nikroo, A. 1 Besenbruch, G.E. 1 Brown, L.C. 1 Maxwell, J.L. 2 Meier, W.R. 3 Norimatsu, T. 4 Pulsifer, J. 5 Rickman, W.S. 6 Steckle, W. 2 Stephens, E.H. 5 Tillack, M. 5; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan  5: University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093-0417, USA  6: TSD Management Associates, 873 Eugenie Avenue, Encinitas, CA 92024, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 69 Issue 1-4, p803; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: POWER plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct drive targets; Author-Supplied Keyword: DT fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial fusion energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00168-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savina, Michael R.
AU  - Davis, Andrew M.
AU  - Tripa, C. Emil
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
AU  - Clayton, Robert N.
AU  - Lewis, Roy S.
AU  - Amari, Sachiko
AU  - Gallino, Roberto
AU  - Lugaro, Maria
T1  - Barium isotopes in individual presolar silicon carbide grains from the Murchison meteorite
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 67
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3201
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Barium isotopic compositions of single 2.3–5.3 μm presolar SiC grains from the Murchison meteorite were measured by resonant ionization mass spectrometry. Mainstream SiC grains are enriched in s-process barium and show a spread in isotopic composition from solar to dominantly s-process. In the relatively coarse grain size fraction analyzed, there are large grain-to-grain variations of barium isotopic composition. Comparison of single grain data with models of nucleosynthesis in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars indicates that the grains most likely come from low mass carbon-rich AGB stars (1.5 to 3 solar masses) of about solar metallicity and with approximately solar initial proportions of r- and s-process isotopes. Measurements of single grains imply a wide variety of neutron-to-seed ratios, in agreement with previous measurements of strontium, zirconium and molybdenum isotopic compositions of single presolar SiC grains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARIUM
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - METEORITES
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 10693798; Savina, Michael R. 1; Email Address: msavina@anl.gov Davis, Andrew M. 2,3 Tripa, C. Emil 1,2 Pellin, Michael J. 1 Clayton, Robert N. 2,3,4 Lewis, Roy S. 2 Amari, Sachiko 5 Gallino, Roberto 6 Lugaro, Maria 7; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  3: Department of the Geophysical Sciences, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  5: Laboratory for Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA  6: Dipartimento di Fisica Generale, Università di Torino and Sezione INFN di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy  7: Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge University, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 67 Issue 17, p3201; Subject Term: BARIUM; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: METEORITES; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00083-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savina, Michael R.
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
AU  - Tripa, C. Emil
AU  - Veryovkin, Igor V.
AU  - Calaway, Wallis F.
AU  - Davis, Andrew M.
T1  - Analyzing individual presolar grains with CHARISMA
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 67
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3215
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Isotopic analysis of heavy elements in individual stardust grains is important in testing and constraining theories of stellar nucleosynthesis. These analyses are challenging in that the grains are very small, the largest being perhaps a few microns in diameter, and contain only trace concentrations of heavy elements, generally on the order of ppm. In addition, isotopic analysis requires the suppression of isobaric interferences. We describe a unique instrument, based on resonant ionization mass spectrometry, that has successfully characterized such grains for the past several years, and report on some recent upgrades that significantly enhance the instrumental capabilities. The fundamental principles and operational details are discussed, along with illustrative results and plans for future modifications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY elements
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 10693799; Savina, Michael R. 1; Email Address: msavina@anl.gov Pellin, Michael J. 1 Tripa, C. Emil 1,2 Veryovkin, Igor V. 1 Calaway, Wallis F. 1 Davis, Andrew M. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  3: Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 67 Issue 17, p3215; Subject Term: HEAVY elements; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00082-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10693799&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rowe, Harold D.
AU  - Guilderson, Thomas P.
AU  - Dunbar, Robert B.
AU  - Southon, John R.
AU  - Seltzer, Geoffrey O.
AU  - Mucciarone, David A.
AU  - Fritz, Sherilyn C.
AU  - Baker, Paul A.
T1  - Late Quaternary lake-level changes constrained by radiocarbon and stable isotope studies on sediment cores from Lake Titicaca, South America
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 09218181
AB  - We present and compare AMS-14C geochronologies for sediment cores recovered from Lake Titicaca, South America. Radiocarbon dates from three core sites constrain the timing of late Quaternary paleoenvironmental changes in the Central Andes and highlight the site-specific factors that limit the radiocarbon geochronometer. With the exception of mid-Holocene sediments, all cores are generally devoid of macrophyte fragments, thus bulk organic fractions are used to build core chronologies. Comparisons of radiocarbon results for chemically defined fractions (bulk decalcified, humate, humin) suggest that ages derived from all fractions are generally coherent in the post-13,500 yr BP time interval. In the pre-13,500 yr BP time interval, ages derived from humate extracts are significantly younger (300–7000 years) than ages from paired humin residues. Gross age incoherencies between paired humate and humin sub-fractions in pre-13,500 yr BP sediments from all core sites probably reflect the net downward migration of humates. Ages derived from bulk decalcified fractions at our shallow water (90 m) and deep water (230 m) core sites consistently fall between ages derived from humate and humin sub-fractions in the pre-13,500 yr BP interval, reflecting that the bulk decalcified fraction is predominantly a mixture of humate and humin sub-fractions. Bulk decalcified ages from the pre-13,500 yr BP interval at our intermediate depth core site (150 m) are consistently older than humate (youngest) and humin sub-fractions. This uniform, reproducible pattern can be explained by the mobilization of a relatively older organic sub-fraction during and after the re-acidification step following the alkaline treatment of the bulk sediment. The inferred existence of this ‘alkali-mobile, acid-soluble’ sub-fraction implies a different depositional/post-depositional history that is potentially associated with a difference in source material. While internally consistent geochronologies can be developed for the Lake Titicaca sequence using different organic fractions, mobile organic sub-fractions and fractions containing mobile sub-fractions should generally be avoided in geochronology studies. Consequently, we believe humin and/or bulk decalcified ages provide the most consistent chronologies for the post-13,500 yr BP interval, and humin ages provide the most representative ages for sedimentation prior to 13,500 yr BP interval.Using the age model derived from the deep water core site and a previously published isotope-based lake-level reconstruction, we present a qualitative record of lake level in the context of several ice-core records from the western hemisphere. We find the latest Pleistocene lake-level response to changing insolation began during or just prior to the Bølling/Allerød period. Using the isotope-based lake-level reconstruction, we also find the 85-m drop in lake level that occurred during the mid-Holocene was synchronous with an increase in the variability of ice-core δ18O from a nearby icecap, but was not reflected in any of the polar ice-core records recovered from the interior of Antarctica and Greenland. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Titicaca, Lake (Peru & Bolivia)
KW  - Peru
KW  - Bolivia
KW  - South America
KW  - Humate
KW  - Humin
KW  - Lake sediments
KW  - Paleoclimate
KW  - Radiocarbon
N1  - Accession Number: 10806097; Rowe, Harold D. 1,2; Email Address: hrowe@uky.edu; Guilderson, Thomas P. 3,4; Email Address: guilderson1@llnl.gov; Dunbar, Robert B. 1; Email Address: dunbar@pangea.stanford.edu; Southon, John R. 3; Email Address: southon1@llnl.gov; Seltzer, Geoffrey O. 5; Email Address: goseltze@mailbox.syr.edu; Mucciarone, David A. 1; Email Address: dam@pangea.stanford.edu; Fritz, Sherilyn C. 6; Email Address: sfritz2@unl.edu; Baker, Paul A. 7; Email Address: pbaker@geo.duke.edu; Affiliations: 1: Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Bldg. 320, Rm. 118, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, USA; 2: Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, SES Bldg., MC-186, 845 West Taylor Avenue, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA; 3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; 4: Department of Ocean Sciences and Institute of Marine Sciences, Earth and Marine Sciences Bldg., Rm. A316, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; 5: Department of Earth Sciences, 204 Heroy Geology Laboratory, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1070, USA; 6: Department of Geosciences, 214 Bessey Hall, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0340, USA; 7: Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Duke University, Box 90227, Durham, NC 27708-0227, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 38 Issue 3/4, p273; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Titicaca, Lake (Peru & Bolivia); Subject: Peru; Subject: Bolivia; Subject: South America; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lake sediments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paleoclimate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiocarbon; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-8181(03)00031-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=10806097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho, Clifford K.
AU  - Lohrstorfer, Charles F.
T1  - In Situ Monitoring of Vapor Phase TCE Using a Chemiresistor Microchemical Sensor.
JO  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
JF  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 90
SN  - 10693629
AB  - A chemiresistor microchemical sensor has been developed to detect and monitor volatile organic compounds in unsaturated and saturated subsurface environments. A controlled study was conducted at the HAZMAT Spill Center at the Nevada Test Site, where the sensor was tested under a range of temperature, moisture, and trichloroethylene (TCE) concentrations. The sensor responded rapidly when exposed to TCE placed in sand, and it also responded to decreases in TCE vapor concentration when clean air was vented through the system. Variations in temperature and water vapor concentration impacted baseline chemiresistor signals, but at high TCE concentrations the sensor response was dominated by the TCE exposure. Test results showed that the detection limit of the chemiresistor to TCE vapor in the presence of fluctuating environmental variables (i.e., temperature and water vapor concentration) was on the order of 1000 parts per million by volume, which is about an order of magnitude higher than values obtained in controlled laboratory environments. Automated temperature control and preconcentration is recommended to improve the stability and sensitivity of the chemiresistor sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Underground areas
KW  - Chemical detectors
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Temperature control
KW  - Research -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12152479; Ho, Clifford K. 1; Email Address: ckho@sandia.gov; Lohrstorfer, Charles F. 2; Affiliations: 1: Distinguished Member of the technical staff,  Sandia National Laboratories (P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185); 2: Bechtel Nevada principal investigator for Advanced Monitoring Systems Initiative (Bechtel Nevada Corp., P.O. Box 98521, M/S NLV082; Las Vegas, NV 89193); Issue Info: Fall2003, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p85; Thesaurus Term: Underground areas; Thesaurus Term: Chemical detectors; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Temperature control; Subject Term: Research -- Environmental aspects; Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaug, J.M.
AU  - Fried, L.E.
AU  - Abramson, E.H.
AU  - Hansen, D.W.
AU  - Crowhurst, J.C.
AU  - Howard, W.M.
T1  - Measured sound velocities of H 2 O and CH 3 OH.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - We present sound velocity results from impulsively stimulated light scattering (ISLS) experiments conducted in diamond anvil cells on pure supercritical fluids. We have made measurements on fluid H 2 O (water), and CH 3 OH (methanol). Sound speeds measured through ISLS have allowed us to refine existing potential models used in the exponential-6 (EXP-6) detonation product library [L. E. Fried and W. M. Howard, J. Chem. Phys. , 109 (17), 7338-7348 (1998).]. The refined models allow us to more accurately assess the chemical composition at the Chapman-Jouget (C-J) state of common energetic materials. We predict that water is present in appreciable quantities at the C-J state of energetic materials HMX, RDX, and nitro methane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPEED of sound
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - WATER
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - CHEETAH
KW  - ISLS
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Sound velocity
KW  - Super critical fluids
KW  - Water
N1  - Accession Number: 10779963; Zaug, J.M. 1; Email Address: zaug1@llnl.gov Fried, L.E. 1 Abramson, E.H. 2 Hansen, D.W. 1 Crowhurst, J.C. 1 Howard, W.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p229; Subject Term: SPEED of sound; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: METHANOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: CHEETAH; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISLS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sound velocity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Super critical fluids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nellis, W.J.
T1  - Metallization and dissociation of fluid hydrogen and other diatomics at 100 GPa pressures.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - Dynamic compression of diatomic liquids using both single-shock (Hugoniot) and multiple-shock (reverberating-shock) compression achieves pressures which range up to a few 100 GPa (Mbar), densities as high as tenfold of initial liquid density in hydrogen, and temperatures up to several 1000 K. Single-shock compression produces substantial heating, which causes a limiting compression. Multiple-shock compression is quasi-isentropic, which achieves lower temperatures and higher densities than single shocks, and has no limiting compression. Diatomic fluids have universal behaviors under dynamic compression. Under multiple-shock compression, these fluids undergo density-driven nonmetal-metal Mott transitions, probably in the monatomic state, with common density scaling at ∼100 GPa. Under single-shock compression, these fluids have essentially the same Hugoniot in velocity space. D 2 undergoes temperature-driven dissociation to a poor metal at ∼50 GPa. These results provide insight into which of the two published D 2 Hugoniots is probably correct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID hydrogen
KW  - DIATOMS
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - Diatomics
KW  - Hugoniot
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Mott transition
KW  - Quasi-isentrope
N1  - Accession Number: 10779980; Nellis, W.J. 1; Email Address: nellis1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p365; Subject Term: LIQUID hydrogen; Subject Term: DIATOMS; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Author-Supplied Keyword: Diatomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hugoniot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mott transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-isentrope; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crowhurst, J.C.
AU  - Zaug, J.M.
AU  - Abramson, E.H.
AU  - Brown, J.M.
AU  - Ahre, D.W.
T1  - Impulsive stimulated light scattering at high pressure - precise determination of elastic constants of opaque materials.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - Impulsive stimulated light scattering has been used to measure interfacial wave propagation speeds and elastic constants under conditions of high pressure. Data obtained from single-crystal Ge and Fe, and from polycrystalline Ta is presented. The method is complementary to other techniques for obtaining this type of information. There appears no fundamental reason why it cannot be extended to the 1 Mbar regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - Elastic constants
KW  - Mechanical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 10779978; Crowhurst, J.C. 1; Email Address: crowhurst1@llnl.gov Zaug, J.M. 1 Abramson, E.H. 2 Brown, J.M. 3 Ahre, D.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, USA  3: Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p373; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic constants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marchis, F.
AU  - Descamps, P.
AU  - Hestroffer, D.
AU  - Berthier, J.
AU  - Vachier, F.
AU  - Boccaletti, A.
AU  - de Pater, I.
AU  - Gavel, D.
T1  - A three-dimensional solution for the orbit of the asteroidal satellite of 22 Kalliope
JO  - ICARUS
JF  - ICARUS
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
SN  - 00191035
AB  - We carried out new observations of the binary asteroid 22 Kalliope (S2/2001) with the Shane 3-m telescope of the Lick observatory in October and November 2001. With a FWHM (full width at half maximum) of <f>0″.2</f>, Kalliope (apparent size of about <f>0″.15</f>) was not resolved but it was possible to separate the secondary from its primary whose apparent separation was of the order of <f>0″.7</f> with a magnitude difference of <f>3.22±0.20</f>. As each set of observations spanned a few days of time, they are well distributed along the secondary''s orbit, enabling us to accurately estimate its orbit.The satellite orbits 22 Kalliope in a prograde manner with respect to Kalliope''s rotational spin (which is in a retrograde sense relative to its orbit around the Sun), on a highly inclined (<f>i=19.8±2.0</f> with respect to the equator of 22 Kalliope) and moderately eccentric orbit (<f>e=0.07±0.02</f>) with an orbital period of <f>3.58±0.08</f> days. The semi-major axis is <f>1020±40</f> km. Using Kalliope''s diameter as determined from IRAS data, the asteroid''s bulk density is about <f>2.03±0.16</f> g cm<f>−3</f>, suggestive of a highly porous body with a porosity of 70% considering that the grain density of its meteoritic analog is of <f>∼7.4</f> g cm<f>−3</f>. This suggests a rubble pile, rather than solid, body. The measured nodal precession rate of the secondary''s orbit seems to be much higher than expected from Kalliope''s oblateness, assuming a homogeneous body (constant density). This suggests that Kalliope may be 60% more elongated or 35% larger than presently believed or/and that its internal structure is highly inhomogeneous with a denser outer shell. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICARUS is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTEROIDS
KW  - NATURAL satellites
KW  - ORBITS
KW  - SOLAR system
KW  - Asteroids
KW  - composition (Asteroids)
KW  - Infrared observations
KW  - Interiors
KW  - Orbits
N1  - Accession Number: 10740968; Marchis, F. 1; Email Address: fmarchis@astron.berkeley.edu Descamps, P. 2 Hestroffer, D. 2 Berthier, J. 2 Vachier, F. 2 Boccaletti, A. 3 de Pater, I. 4 Gavel, D. 5; Affiliation:  1: Astronomy Department, University of California, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA  2: Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des ephémerides, UMR-CNRS 8028, Observatoire de Paris, 77, avenue Denfert-Rochereau, F-75014 Paris, France  3: GPS—CalTech, 1200 E. California blvd, M/S 150-21, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  4: Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory/IGPP, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1, p112; Subject Term: ASTEROIDS; Subject Term: NATURAL satellites; Subject Term: ORBITS; Subject Term: SOLAR system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asteroids; Author-Supplied Keyword: composition (Asteroids); Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interiors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orbits; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00195-7
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macintosh, B.A.
AU  - Gavel, D.
AU  - Gibbard, S.G.
AU  - Max, C.E.
AU  - Eckart, M.
AU  - de Pater, I.
AU  - Ghez, A.M.
AU  - Spencer, J.
T1  - Speckle imaging of volcanic hotspots on Io with the Keck telescope
JO  - ICARUS
JF  - ICARUS
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
SN  - 00191035
AB  - Using speckle imaging techniques on the 10-m W.M. Keck I telescope, we observed near-infrared emission at 2.2 μm from volcanic hotspots on Io in July–August 1998. Using several hundreds of short-exposure images we reconstructed diffraction-limited images of Io on each of three nights. We measured the positions of individual hotspots to <f>±0.004″</f> or better, corresponding to a relative positional error of <f>∼20</f> km on Io''s surface. The sensitivity of normal ground-based images of Io is limited by confusion between overlapping sources; by resolving these multiple points we detected up to 17 distinct hotspots, the largest number ever seen in a single image.During the month-long span of our 1998 observations, several events occurred. Loki was at the end of a long brightening, and we observed it to fade in flux by a factor of 2.8 over the course of one month. At the 3-sigma level we see evidence that Loki''s position shifts by <f>∼100</f> km. This suggests that the brightening may not have been located at the “primary” Loki emission center but at a different source within the Loki caldera. We also see a bright transient source near Loki. Among many other sources we detect a dim source on the limb of Io at the latitude of Pele; this source is consistent with 2.7% of the thermal emission from the Pele volcano complex being scattered by the Pele plume, which would be the first detection of a plume through scattered infrared hotspot emission. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICARUS is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - VOLCANOES
KW  - Infrared observations
KW  - Io
KW  - Volcanism
N1  - Accession Number: 10740970; Macintosh, B.A. 1; Email Address: bmac@igpp.llnl.gov Gavel, D. 1 Gibbard, S.G. 1 Max, C.E. 1 Eckart, M. 1 de Pater, I. 2 Ghez, A.M. 3 Spencer, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Astronomy, University of California at Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  4: Lowell Observatory, 1400 W. Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1, p137; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: VOLCANOES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Io; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volcanism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00168-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixon, W.E.
AU  - Chen, J.
T1  - Comments on 'A Composite Energy Function-Based Learning Control Approach for Nonlinear Systems With Time-Varying Parametric Uncertainties'.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 48
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1671
EP  - 1672
SN  - 00189286
AB  - In the above paper, a composite energy function learning control approach was proposed to asymptotically eliminate the mismatch between the desired and actual periodic trajectory of a system. Upon review of this result, there appear to be several philosophical and technical issues that invalidate the result including the use of a resettling condition and the lack of boundedness of the learning estimate. The intent of this comment is to highlight these technical errors, especially since the boundedness of the learning estimate has historically been a problematic issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR systems
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10962245; Dixon, W.E. 1; Email Address: dixonwe@ornl.gov Chen, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Science an Technology Division, Robotics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 48 Issue 9, p1671; Subject Term: NONLINEAR systems; Subject Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanchuan Peng
AU  - Fuhui Long
AU  - Zheru Chi
T1  - Document Image Recognition Based on Template Matching of Component Block Projections.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1188
EP  - 1192
SN  - 01628828
AB  - Document Image Recognition (DIR), a very useful technique in office automation and digital library applications, is to find the most similar template for any input document image in a prestored template document image data set. Existing methods use both local features and global layout information. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm based on the global matching of Component Block Projections (CBP), which are the concatenated directional projection vectors of the component blocks of a document image. Compared to those existing methods, CBP-based template-matching methods possess two major advantages: 1) The spatial relationship among the component blocks of a document image is better represented, hence a very high matching accuracy can be obtained even for a large template set and seriously distorted input images; and 2) the effective matching distance of each template and the triangle inequality are proposed to significantly reduce the computational cost. Our experimental results confirm these advantages and show that the CBP-based template-matching methods are very suitable for DIR applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOCUMENT imaging systems
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 10783969; Hanchuan Peng 1,2; Email Address: hpeng@lbl.gov Fuhui Long 3; Email Address: long@neuro.duke.edu Zheru Chi 4; Email Address: enzheru@polyu.edu.hk; Affiliation:  1: NERSC Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA  2: Center for Biomedical Image Computing, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, MD  3: Duke University Medical Center, NC  4: Center for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 25 Issue 9, p1188; Subject Term: DOCUMENT imaging systems; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sohn, M. D.
AU  - Sextro, R. G.
AU  - Gadgil, A. J.
AU  - Daisey, J. M.
T1  - Responding to sudden pollutant releases in office buildings: 1. Framework and analysis tools.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
EP  - 276
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - Abstract We describe a framework for developing response recommendations to unexpected toxic pollutant releases in commercial buildings. It may be applied in conditions where limited building- and event-specific information is available. The framework is based on a screening-level methodology to develop insights, or rules-of-thumb, into the behavior of airflow and pollutant transport. A three-stage framework is presented: (1) develop a building taxonomy to identify generic, or prototypical, building configurations; (2) characterize uncertainty and conduct simulation modeling to predict typical airflow and pollutant transport behavior; and (3) rank uncertainty contributions to determine how information obtained at a site might reduce uncertainties in the model predictions. The approach is applied to study a hypothetical pollutant release on the first floor of a five-story office building. Key features that affect pollutant transport are identified and described by value ranges in the building stock. Simulation modeling provides predictions and uncertainty estimates of time-dependent pollutant concentrations, following a release, for a range of indoor and outdoor conditions. In this exercise, we predict concentrations on the fifth floor to be an order of magnitude less than on the first, coefficients of variation greater than 2, and information about the HVAC operation and window position most reducing uncertainty in predicted peak concentrations. Practical Implications In the event of a toxic pollutant release in or near a building, first-responders are faced with making rapid response decisions with little – and often highly uncertain – information. This paper presents an analytical framework for developing such rapid response decisions and statistical tools for describing and ranking the associated uncertainties. An algorithmic decision tree, based on this analysis framework, can be developed in the future for identifying the best possible rapid-response decisions in the field, based on available information. Such software can be placed, for example, on a personal digital assistant of first-responders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - OFFICE buildings
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - COMIS
KW  - Decision analysis
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Quantile coefficient of variation
KW  - Simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 10638261; Sohn, M. D. 1 Sextro, R. G. 1 Gadgil, A. J. 1 Daisey, J. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA,  2: Deceased; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p267; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: OFFICE buildings; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: COMIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decision analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantile coefficient of variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1034/j.1600-0668.2003.00183.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stishov, S. M.
AU  - Petrova, A. E.
T1  - A Method for the Hermetic Connection of High-Pressure Tubing to a High-Pressure Apparatus.
JO  - Instruments & Experimental Techniques
JF  - Instruments & Experimental Techniques
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 46
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 719
EP  - 720
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00204412
AB  - A method for the hermetic connection of small-diameter high-pressure tubing to a high-pressure apparatus without soldering is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Instruments & Experimental Techniques is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HERMETIC sealing
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - SEALING (Technology)
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 16935533; Stishov, S. M. 1,2 Petrova, A. E. 2; Email Address: sergei@hppi.troitsk.ru; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: Vereshchagin Institute of High-Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow oblast, 142190 Russia.; Source Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 46 Issue 5, p719; Subject Term: HERMETIC sealing; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; Subject Term: SEALING (Technology); Subject Term: PRESSURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prudan, A.
AU  - Kozyrev, A.
AU  - Zemtsov, A.
AU  - Osadchy, V.
AU  - Ginley, D.
AU  - Kaydanova, T.
AU  - Perkins, J. D.
AU  - Alleman, J.
AU  - Sengupta, L.
AU  - Chiu, L.
AU  - Zhang, X.
T1  - Conservation of Permittivity and Tunability of Ferroelectrics Over Temperature.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 58
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1337
EP  - 1345
SN  - 10584587
AB  - The existence of an intersection point of electric field strength dependencies of permittivity of ferroelectrics at different temperatures is theoretically described by Ginzburg-Devonshire (GD) theory and experimentally confirmed by studying (Ba 0.3 Sr 0.7 )TiO 3 (BSTO) and SrTiO 3 (STO) thin film varactors. GD analysis enables one to propose a way to improve the thermal stability of ferroelectric microwave devices. In particular, parameters of a L -band digital (0°/180°) phase-shifter fabricated from thick BSTO film varactors were stabilized in the temperature range T = (210-310) K by application of variable to DC control voltages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC thin films
KW  - PHASE shifters
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC devices
KW  - VARACTORS
KW  - Ferroelectric film
KW  - permittivity
KW  - phase shifter
KW  - thermal stabilization
KW  - tunability
N1  - Accession Number: 11794772; Prudan, A. 1 Kozyrev, A. 1 Zemtsov, A. 1 Osadchy, V. 1 Ginley, D. 2 Kaydanova, T. 2 Perkins, J. D. 2 Alleman, J. 2 Sengupta, L. 3 Chiu, L. 3 Zhang, X. 3; Affiliation:  1: St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, 5 Prof. Popov str., St. Petersburg, Russia, 197376.  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado, 80401.  3: Paratek Microwave, Inc., 6925 Oakland Mills Road, Suite J, Columbia, MD 21045.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 58 Issue 1, p1337; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC thin films; Subject Term: PHASE shifters; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: VARACTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectric film; Author-Supplied Keyword: permittivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase shifter; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal stabilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: tunability; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Astafiev, Konstantin
AU  - Sherman, Vladimir
AU  - Tagantsev, Alexander
AU  - Setter, Nava
AU  - Petrov, Peter
AU  - Kaydanova, Tatyana
AU  - Ginley, David
AU  - Hoffmann-Eifert, Susanne
AU  - Böttger, Ulrich
AU  - Waser, Rainer
T1  - Shift of Phase Transition Temperature in Strontium Titanate Thin Films.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 58
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1371
EP  - 1379
SN  - 10584587
AB  - The results of structural and electrical characterizations of SrTiO 3 thin films deposited onto MgO and LaAlO 3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique are presented. The influence of substrate and annealing procedure on the crystalline structure and dielectric properties of these ferroelectric thin films are investigated. The obtained experimental data are analyzed in terms of the Landau theory taking into account the room-temperature lattice mismatch of the ferroelectric and substrates as well as the difference in their thermal expansion. It is shown that the behavior of the SrTiO 3 thin films could not be attributed to the effect of the film/substrate mechanical coupling. As a possible nature of the observed behavior one can consider the non-stoichiometry of the film composition caused by the chemical contact of the film with the substrate and by the annealing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC thin films
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - dielectric properties
KW  - Ferroelectric thin films
KW  - misfit strains
KW  - non-stoichiometry
KW  - phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 11794770; Astafiev, Konstantin 1 Sherman, Vladimir 1 Tagantsev, Alexander 1 Setter, Nava 1 Petrov, Peter 2 Kaydanova, Tatyana 3 Ginley, David 3 Hoffmann-Eifert, Susanne 4 Böttger, Ulrich 4 Waser, Rainer 4; Affiliation:  1: Ceramic Laboratory EPFL, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.  2: Centre of Physical Electronics and Materials, South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK.  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado 80401, USA.  4: IFF, Research Center Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 58 Issue 1, p1371; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC thin films; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: dielectric properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectric thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: misfit strains; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-stoichiometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase transition; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - High-Peak-Power Fuel Cells.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes a strategy to hybridize polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC).  Utilization of an amorphous hydrated ruthenium dioxide supercapacitive sublayer; Performance of the hybridized PEMFC; Fuel efficiency and cathode operation of PEMFC.
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - RUTHENIUM compounds
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
N1  - Accession Number: 10689614; Zenghe Liu 1 Srinivasan, Venkat 2 Kelly, Mike 3; Affiliation:  1: TheraSense, Inc.  2: University of California-Berkeley  3: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM compounds; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - Electropolishing Copper Damascene Interconnects.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes an electropolishing process to planarize copper interconnects.  Addition of organic acid additives to the phosphoric acid electrolyte; Enhancement of electrodissolution rates; Improvement in planarization efficiency; Addition of polyethylene glycol to the electrolyte.
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC polishing
KW  - COPPER
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 10689615; Zenghe Liu 1 Srinivasan, Venkat 2 Kelly, Mike 3; Affiliation:  1: TheraSense Inc.  2: University of California-Berkeley  3: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC polishing; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - A High Moment CoFe Soft Magnetic Thin Film.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes the electrodeposition of high magnetic moment cobalt ferride thin films.  Prevention of the oxidation of ferrous ion to ferric ion in the plating bath; Addition of trimethylamineborane reducing agent to the bath; Separation of the anode and cathode compartments.
KW  - THIN films
KW  - COBALT compounds
KW  - MAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 10689616; Zenghe Liu 1 Srinivasan, Venkat 2 Kelly, Mike 3; Affiliation:  1: TheraSense Inc.  2: University of California-Berkeley  3: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: COBALT compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - Measuring Electrocatalytic Activity on a Local Scale.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes the development of a scanning differential electrochemical mass spectrometry for the detection of catalytic reactions.  Utilization of a micropositioning system; Quantitative measurement of gaseous and volatile products.
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - CATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 10689617; Zenghe Liu 1 Srinivasan, Venkat 2 Kelly, Mike 3; Affiliation:  1: TheraSense Inc.  2: University of California-Berkeley  3: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zenghe Liu
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelley, Mike
T1  - Direct-Wire Planar Microultracapacitors.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Describes a fabrication process of planar microelectrochemical capacitors.  Deposition of a hydrous ruthenium oxide film onto a glass substrate; Laser-induced transfer of the dielectric material onto gold-coated quartz; Laser micromachining of the deposited material into a planar capacitor with a pair of gold electrodes.
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - RUTHENIUM oxide superconductors
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10689618; Zenghe Liu 1 Srinivasan, Venkat 2 Kelley, Mike 3; Affiliation:  1: TheraSense Inc.  2: University of California-Berkeley  3: Sandia National Laboratories.; Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM oxide superconductors; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1/5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schenkel, Thomas
AU  - Wu, Kuang Jen
T1  - Probing nano-environments of peptide molecules on solid surfaces by highly charged ion secondary ion mass spectrometry
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 229
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 13873806
AB  - The ability to probe the chemical composition and molecular structure of solid surfaces with nanometer scale resolution through secondary ion mass spectrometry is limited by the probe beam size and by surface erosion during analysis. High secondary ion yields following the impact of individual highly charged ions allow the application of coincidence counting techniques. Statistical analysis of secondary ion emission events gives insight on the surface chemistry of single molecules. While not a direct imaging technique, coincidence analysis allows the characterization of surfaces on a length scale of a few nanometers, well beyond limits imposed by probe beam sizes. We apply this capability to the analysis of gramicidin S and its interaction with sodium impurities and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid matrix molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - GRAMICIDINS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Gramicidin S
KW  - Nano-environments
KW  - Peptides
KW  - Secondary ion mass spectrometry
KW  - Solid surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 10745300; Schenkel, Thomas 1; Email Address: T_Schenkel@LBL.gov Wu, Kuang Jen 2; Affiliation:  1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 5RO121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 229 Issue 1/2, p47; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: GRAMICIDINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gramicidin S; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano-environments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peptides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary ion mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid surfaces; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-3806(03)00254-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hiratani, M.
AU  - Zbib, H.M.
AU  - Khaleel, M.A.
T1  - Modeling of thermally activated dislocation glide and plastic flow through local obstacles
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1271
SN  - 07496419
AB  - A unified phenomenological model is developed to study the dislocation glide through weak obstacles during the first stage of plastic deformation in metals. This model takes into account both the dynamical responses of dislocations during the flight process and thermal activations while dislocations are bound by obstacle arrays. The average thermal activation rate is estimated using an analytical model based on the generalized Friedel relations. Then, the average flight velocity after an activation event is obtained numerically by discrete dislocation dynamics (DD). To simulate the dynamical dislocation behavior, the inertia term is implemented into the equation of dislocation motion within the DD code. The results from the DD simulations, coupled with the analytical model, determine the total dislocation velocity as a function of the stress and temperatures. By choosing parameters typical of the face centered cubic metals, the model reproduces both obstacle control and drag control motion in low and high velocity regimes, respectively. As expected by other string models, dislocation overshoots of obstacles caused by the dislocation inertia at the collisions are enhanced as temperature goes down. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - A. Creep
KW  - A. Dislocations
KW  - A. Strengthening mechanisms
KW  - B. Metallic materials
KW  - C. Probability and statistics
N1  - Accession Number: 9497220; Hiratani, M. 1; Email Address: hiratani@mail.wsu.edu Zbib, H.M. 1 Khaleel, M.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1271; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Strengthening mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Metallic materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Probability and statistics; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0749-6419(02)00016-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peevler, Janna
AU  - Fayek, Mostafa
AU  - Misra, Kula C.
AU  - Riciputi, Lee R.
T1  - Sulfur isotope microanalysis of sphalerite by SIMS: constraints on the genesis of Mississippi valley-type mineralization, from the Mascot-Jefferson City district, East Tennessee
JO  - Journal for Geochemical Exploration
JF  - Journal for Geochemical Exploration
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 80
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
SN  - 03756742
AB  - The Mascot-Jefferson City (MJC) district is the most productive zinc district in East Tennessee. The deposits are of Mississippi Valley-type (MVT), hosted by carbonate rocks and dominated by sphalerite mineralization in strata-bound breccia bodies. We have utilized the high spatial resolution (20–30 μm) of the ion microprobe to obtain in situ sulfur isotopic analyses from discrete growth zones of sphalerite and analyses of associated pyrite.Two types of pyrite were noted: pre-sphalerite, diagenetic pyrite (δ34S of −16.1‰ and −20.0‰) and syn-sphalerite pyrite that is intergrown with sphalerite (δ34S of 31.3‰ to 33.7‰). Two textural varieties of sphalerite mineralization (banded and non-banded) were characterized. Banded sphalerite exhibits fine (μm to cm) banding that has grown around a carbonate substrate. Banded sphalerite has δ34S values from 27.8‰ to 51.0‰, high Cd contents (up to 0.96 wt.%) and dark areas that are likely due to minute inclusions of organic carbon. The non-banded sphalerite has δ34S values from 20.2‰ to 39.5‰, high Fe content and no organic inclusions.Regardless of the textural variety of sphalerite mineralization, our results show that the sulfur isotopic composition within a single polished thin section is heterogeneous and can vary by as much as 15‰. The δ34S values recorded in this study are among the heaviest ever reported for MVT deposits. The microscale δ34S variations and presence of high δ34S values have been previously undocumented for East Tennessee. The data presented here suggest multiple sulfur sources and sulfide precipitation by fluid mixing. The most probable scenario involves significant sulfur input from a sulfate- and metal-bearing fluid of variable δ34S composition mixing with a gas cap containing H2S of relatively homogeneous δ34S composition. The gas cap provided lesser amounts of sulfur to the system. Mixing of two isotopically different sulfur sources of variable proportions can account for the observed microscale variation in δ34S. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal for Geochemical Exploration is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC
KW  - ORE deposits
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Isotopes
KW  - MVT
KW  - SIMS
KW  - Sphalerite
KW  - Sulfur
KW  - Tennessee
N1  - Accession Number: 10504154; Peevler, Janna 1; Email Address: j.peevler@att.net Fayek, Mostafa 2 Misra, Kula C. Riciputi, Lee R.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996-1410, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6365, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 80 Issue 2/3, p277; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: ORE deposits; Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: MVT; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sphalerite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tennessee; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-6742(03)00195-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Todd A.
T1  - Encylopedia of Urban Legends (Book).
JO  - Journal of American Folklore
JF  - Journal of American Folklore
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 116
IS  - 462
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 490
EP  - 491
SN  - 00218715
AB  - Reviews the book "Encyclopedia of Urban Legends," by Jan Harold Brunvand.
KW  - LEGENDS
KW  - FICTION
KW  - BRUNVAND, Jan Harold
KW  - ENCYCLOPEDIA of Urban Legends (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12118814; Hanson, Todd A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 116 Issue 462, p490; Subject Term: LEGENDS; Subject Term: FICTION; Reviews & Products: ENCYCLOPEDIA of Urban Legends (Book); People: BRUNVAND, Jan Harold; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fast, Jerome D.
AU  - Heilman, Warren E.
T1  - The Effect of Lake Temperatures and Emissions on Ozone Exposure in the Western Great Lakes Region.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 42
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1197
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - A meteorological–chemical model with a 12-km horizontal grid spacing was used to simulate the evolution of ozone over the western Great Lakes region during a 30-day period in the summer of 1999. Lake temperatures in the model were based on analyses derived from daily satellite measurements. The model performance was evaluated using operational surface and upper-air meteorological measurements and surface chemical measurements. Reasonable agreement between the simulations and observations was obtained. The bias (predicted - observed) over the simulation period was only -1.3 ppb for the peak ozone mixing ratio during the day and 5.5 ppb for the minimum ozone mixing ratio at night. High ozone production rates were produced over the surface of the lakes as a result of stable atmospheric conditions that trapped ozone precursors within a shallow layer during the day. In one location, an increase of 200 ppb of ozone over a 9-h period was produced by chemical production that was offset by losses of 110 ppb through vertical mixing, horizontal transport, and deposition. The predicted ozone was also sensitive to lake temperatures. A simulation with climatological lake temperatures produced ozone mixing ratios over the lakes and around the lake shores that differed from the simulation with observed lake temperatures by as much as 50 ppb, while the differences over land were usually 10 ppb or less. Through a series of sensitivity studies that varied ozone precursor emissions, it was shown that a reduction of 50% in NO[sub x] or volatile organic compounds would lower the 60-ppb ozone exposure by up to 50 h month[sup -1] in the remote forest regions over the northern Great Lakes. The implications of these results on future climate change and air quality in the region are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OZONE
KW  - WATER temperature
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL aspects
KW  - GREAT Lakes Region (North America)
N1  - Accession Number: 10717278; Fast, Jerome D. 1 Heilman, Warren E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: North Central Research Station, USDA Forest Service, East Lansing, Michigan; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 42 Issue 9, p1197; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: WATER temperature; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL aspects; Subject Term: GREAT Lakes Region (North America); Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuszewski, M.
AU  - White, R. R.
T1  - Instabilities of Ar/SF[sub 6] inductive plasma discharges.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2858
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Relaxation oscillations are studied in three low-pressure inductive plasma discharges operated with argon and sulfur hexafluoride gas mixtures. Two distinct phenomena, downstream instabilities and source oscillations, occur in certain domains of gas pressure, radio frequency power, and electronegative gas chemistry. The downstream instabilities develop at some location well below the plasma source. They are consistent with ion two-stream instabilities, in inductively coupled plasmas (ICPs) with sufficiently long downstream regions. Source oscillations consist of large amplitude density variations within the ICP plasma. They are consistent with capacitive to inductive mode transitions, in ICPs with sufficiently large capacitive currents.© 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ARGON
KW  - GLOW discharges
KW  - NOBLE gases
N1  - Accession Number: 10604014; Tuszewski, M. 1; Email Address: nigtu@lanl.gov White, R. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 5, p2858; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: GLOW discharges; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1600830
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seager, C. H.
AU  - Myers, S. M.
T1  - Quantitative comparisons of dissolved hydrogen density and the electrical and optical properties of ZnO.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2888
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Recent density functional theory calculations indicate that hydrogen is soluble in ZnO, effectively forming a shallow donor state. It has been suggested that these donors are responsible for the large increases in electron concentration seen in ZnO samples annealed at elevated temperatures in H[sub 2] gas. In order to make a quantitative connection between the amount of dissolved hydrogen and any observed changes in electrical properties, we have annealed single crystal ZnO samples from several sources in H[sub 2] and D[sub 2] gas at 750 °C and compared the observed changes in carrier concentration with nuclear reaction analysis and secondary ion mass spectrometry profiles of deuterium. We find that the amount of deuterium remaining in our gas-charged samples is ∼3.6–5.5×10[sup 17] cm[sup -3], substantially larger than the increase seen in conduction band electron densities at 350 K. Our modeling indicates that these gas treatments produce a hydrogen-related donor state at 0.036±0.004 eV below the conduction band minimum and also cause significant increases in the measured conduction band electron mobility. These mobility increases and other features of our data strongly suggest that a substantial fraction of the dissolved hydrogen forms complexes with (passivates) acceptor impurities. Analysis of optical and electrical data also indicates that, while hydrogen is present in significant amounts in as-received samples, it is not the dominant “native” donor. Several infrared absorption peaks are observed before and after H[sub 2]/D[sub 2] exposure, which we identify with local O–H/D stretch modes. The most prominent of these has an asymmetric absorption peak at 3546 cm-1 arising from a c-axis oriented defect dipole, which is postulated to be hydrogen located in a bond-centered position between oxygen and zinc atoms. Comparisons are made between our experimental results and density functional theory calculations. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 10604009; Seager, C. H. 1; Email Address: chseage @ sandia.gov Myers, S. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 5, p2888; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1595147
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blobaum, K. J.
AU  - Wagner, A. J.
AU  - Plitzko, J. M.
AU  - Van Heerden, D.
AU  - Fairbrother, D. H.
AU  - Weihs, T. P.
T1  - Investigating the reaction path and growth kinetics in CuO[sub x]/Al multilayer foils.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2923
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - CuO[sub x]/Al exothermic reactions in multilayer foils were studied to identify reaction paths and reaction kinetics. Heating samples at a slow, controlled rate in a differential thermal analyzer showed that the reduction of CuO[sub x] and the oxidation of Al proceeded via two separate exotherms. To analyze this reaction pathway, samples were heated to various temperatures within these exotherms, quenched, and characterized with x-ray diffraction, Auger depth profiling, and transmission electron microscopy. Experimental evidence indicates that in the first reaction, CuO[sub x] is reduced to a mixture of CuO and Cu[sub 2]O and an interfacial layer of Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] grows to coalescence; the final products of the second exotherm are Cu, Al[sub 2]O[sub 3], and Cu[sub 2]O. The first exotherm was believed to be controlled by the two-dimensional, interface-limited growth of the Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] layer, while the second exotherm was believed to be controlled by both the diffusion-limited one-dimensional growth of the Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] and the interface-controlled growth of the Cu due to the reduction of Cu[sub 2]O. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 10604004; Blobaum, K. J. 1; Email Address: blobaurnl@llnl.gov Wagner, A. J. 2 Plitzko, J. M. 3 Van Heerden, D. 1 Fairbrother, D. H. 2 Weihs, T. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218.  2: Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218.  3: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 5, p2923; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1598297
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, Daxing
AU  - Lorentzen, J. D.
AU  - Weinberg-Wolf, J.
AU  - McNeil, L. E.
AU  - Qi Wang
T1  - Raman study of thin films of amorphous-to-microcrystalline silicon prepared by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2930
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The structure changes of thin films of amorphous (a) to microcrystalline (μc) silicon are studied by Raman scattering in terms of three deposition parameters: the silane flow rate, the hydrogen flow rate, and the total gas pressure in hot-wire chemical vapor deposition. The Raman transverse optical (TO) mode is deconvoluted into two Gaussian functions for a-Si:H and intermediate components and one Lorenzian function for the c-Si component. We found that (a) in general, the change in structure is a function of the ratio of hydrogen to silane gas flow, R, but also depends on the SiH[sub 4] flow rate and total gas pressure; (b) there is a narrow structural transition region in which the short-range order of the a-Si:H network improves, i.e., the variation in bond angle of the a-Si network decreases from ∼10° to ∼8° once the c-Si grains start to grow; and (c) when the films were deposited using a high SiH[sub 4] flow rate of 22 sccm, the narrow TO mode with low peak frequency could be related to the column-like structures. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SILANE compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 10604003; Han, Daxing 1; Email Address: daxing@physics.unc.edu Lorentzen, J. D. 1 Weinberg-Wolf, J. 1 McNeil, L. E. 1 Qi Wang 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255.  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 5, p2930; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SILANE compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1598298
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanfa Yan
AU  - Al-Jassim, M. M.
AU  - Jones, K. M.
T1  - Structure and effects of double-positioning twin boundaries in CdTe.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2976
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Using the combination of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, first-principles density-functional total-energy calculations, and image simulations, we studied the atomic structure and effects of double-positioning twin boundaries in CdTe. The structure for the double-positioning twin boundaries is found to contain more Te dangling bonds than Cd dangling bonds. The two sides of the boundaries have the same polarities. The structure produces energy states in the band gap that are detrimental to the electronic properties of CdTe. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - CADMIUM alloys
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 10603996; Yanfa Yan 1; Email Address: yyan@nrel.gov Al-Jassim, M. M. 1 Jones, K. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 5, p2976; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: CADMIUM alloys; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1598641
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Metzger, W. K.
AU  - Albin, D.
AU  - Levi, D.
AU  - Sheldon, P.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Keyes, B. M.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R. K.
T1  - Time-resolved photoluminescence studies of CdTe solar cells.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 3549
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We show that time-resolved photoluminescence measurements of completed polycrystalline CdTe solar cells provide a measure of recombination near the CdTe/CdS metallurgical interface that is strongly correlated to the open-circuit voltage in spite of complex carrier dynamics in the junction region. Oxygen in the growth ambient during close-spaced sublimation generally reduces this recombination rate; grain size does not have a strong effect. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CADMIUM alloys
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 10603912; Metzger, W. K.; Email Address: wyatt_rnetzger@nrel.gov Albin, D. 1 Levi, D. 1 Sheldon, P. 1 Li, X. 1 Keyes, B. M. 1 Ahrenkiel, R. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 5, p3549; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CADMIUM alloys; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1597974
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popov, V. V.
AU  - Polischuk, O. V.
AU  - Teperik, T. V.
AU  - Peralta, X. G.
AU  - Allen, S. J.
AU  - Horing, N. J. M.
AU  - Wanke, M. C.
T1  - Absorption of terahertz radiation by plasmon modes in a grid-gated double-quantum-well field-effect transistor.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 3556
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The terahertz absorption spectrum of plasmon modes in a grid-gated double-quantum-well (DQW) field-effect transistor structure is analyzed theoretically and numerically using a first principles electromagnetic approach and is shown to faithfully reproduce important physical features of recent experimental observations. We find that the essential character of the response—multiple resonances corresponding to spatial harmonics of standing plasmons under the metal grating—is caused by the static spatial modulation of electron density in the channel. Higher order plasmon modes become more optically active as the depth of the electron density modulation in the DQW tends towards unity. The maximum absorbance, at plasma resonance, is shown to be 1/2. Furthermore, the strongest absorption also occurs when the standing plasmon resonance coincides with the fundamental dipole mode of the ungated portion of the channel. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
N1  - Accession Number: 10603911; Popov, V. V. 1; Email Address: popov@ire.san.ru Polischuk, O. V. 1 Teperik, T. V. 1 Peralta, X. G. 2 Allen, S. J. 2 Horing, N. J. M. 3 Wanke, M. C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (Saratov Division), Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov 410019, Russia.  2: Center for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106.  3: Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030.  4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 5, p3556; Subject Term: PLASMONS (Physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garcia, Emilio
AU  - Elliott, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Ramanculov, Erlan
AU  - Chain, Patrick S.G.
AU  - Chu, May C.
AU  - Molineux, Ian J.
T1  - The Genome Sequence of Yersinia pestis Bacteriophage φA1122 Reveals an Intimate History with the Coliphage T3 and T7 Genomes.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 185
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5248
EP  - 5262
SN  - 00219193
AB  - The genome sequence of bacteriophage φA1122 has been determined. φA1122 grows on almost all isolates of Yersinia pestis and is used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a diagnostic agent for the causative agent of plague. φA1122 is very closely related to coliphage T7; the two genomes are colinear, and the genome-wide level of nucleotide identity is about 89%. However, a quarter of the φA1122 genome, one that includes about half of the morphogenetic and maturation functions, is significantly more closely related to coliphage T3 than to T7. It is proposed that the yersiniophage φA1122 recombined with a close relative of the Y. enterocolitica phage φYeO3-12 to yield progeny phages, one of which became the classic T3 coliphage of Demerec and Fano (M. Demerec and U. Fano, Genetics 30:119-136, 1945). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YERSINIA pestis
KW  - GENETIC code
KW  - BACTERIAL genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 10893618; Garcia, Emilio 1 Elliott, Jeffrey M. 1 Ramanculov, Erlan 2 Chain, Patrick S.G. 1 Chu, May C. 2; Email Address: mcc4@cdc.gov Molineux, Ian J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA  2: Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Colorado  3: Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 185 Issue 17, p5248; Subject Term: YERSINIA pestis; Subject Term: GENETIC code; Subject Term: BACTERIAL genetics; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matthew D. Hall
AU  - Carolyn T. Dillon
AU  - Mei Zhang
AU  - Philip Beale
AU  - Zhonghou Cai
AU  - Barry Lai
AU  - Anton P. J. Stampfl
AU  - Trevor W. Hambley
T1  - The cellular distribution and oxidation state of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) antitumour complexes in cancer cells.
JO  - Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 8
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 726
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09498257
AB  - The cellular distribution of platinum in A2780 ovarian cancer cells treated with cisplatin and platinum(IV) complexes with a range of reduction potentials has been examined using elemental analysis (synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray emission). The cellular distribution of platinum(IV) drugs after 24 h is similar to that of cisplatin, consistent with the majority of administered platinum(IV) drugs being reduced. Micro-X-ray absorption near-edge spectra of cells treated with cisplatin and platinum(IV) complexes confirmed the reduction of platinum(IV) to platinum(II). In cells treated, the most difficult to reduce complex, cis, trans, cis-[PtCl 2(OH) 2(NH 3) 2], platinum(IV) was detected in the cells along with platinum(II). The observations are in accordance with the relative ease of reduction of the platinum(IV) complexes used and support the requirement of reduction for activation of platinum(IV) complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - OVARIAN cancer
KW  - CANCER cells
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11160173; Matthew D. Hall 1 Carolyn T. Dillon 1 Mei Zhang 2 Philip Beale 3 Zhonghou Cai 4 Barry Lai 4 Anton P. J. Stampfl Trevor W. Hambley 1; Affiliation:  1: Centre for Heavy Metals Research, School of Chemistry F11 The University of Sydney 2006 N.S.W. Australia  2: Department of Radiation Oncology Royal Prince Alfred Hospital 2050 Camperdown N.S.W. Australia  3: Department of Medical Oncology, Sydney Cancer Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital 2050 Camperdown N.S.W. Australia  4: Experimental Facilities Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Il 60439 USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 8 Issue 7, p726; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: OVARIAN cancer; Subject Term: CANCER cells; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meng Chen
AU  - Zamora, Paul O.
AU  - Som, Prantika
AU  - Peña, Louis A.
AU  - Osaki, Shigemasa
T1  - Cell attachment and biocompatibility of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) treated with glow-discharge plasma of mixed ammonia and oxygen.
JO  - Journal of Biomaterials Science -- Polymer Edition
JF  - Journal of Biomaterials Science -- Polymer Edition
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 14
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09205063
AB  - The plasma generated from a gas mixture of NH[sub 3] plus O[sub 2] (NH[sub 3] + O[sub 2]) has been used to impart unique chemical and biological characteristics to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). PTFE treated with NH[sub 3] + O[sub 2] plasma was physiochemically distinct from surfaces treated with plasma of either NH[sub 3] or O[sub 2] alone, as determined by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). The contact angle analysis revealed that the PTFE surfaces became less hydrophobic after plasma treatments. ESCA results indicate the presence of oxygen-containing groups and nitrogen-containing groups at the plasma-treated surfaces. PTFE treated with NH[sub 3] + O[sub 2] plasma resisted the attachment of platelets and leukocytes in a manner similar to untreated PTFE; however, the attachment of bovine aorta endothelial cells was substantially increased. Once attached, these cells grew to confluency. The increased endothelial cell attachment was higher than that observed following plasma treatment with each gas used separately, which could be attributed to the considerable amount of CF(OR)[sub 2]-CF[sub 2] formed on the NH[sub 3] + O[sub 2] plasma-treated PTFE surface. At 14 days after subcutaneous implantation in rats, the PTFE wafers treated with NH[sub 3] + O[sub 2] plasma demonstrated less encapsulation and lower levels of inflammatory cells compared to controls. Collectively, the results suggest that NH3 + O2 plasma treatment imparts a unique character to PTFE and could be useful in certain in vivo applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biomaterials Science -- Polymer Edition is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYTEF
KW  - CELLS
KW  - BIOMEDICAL materials
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - AMMONIA
KW  - CELL ATTACHMENT
KW  - GLOW-DISCHARGE PLASMA
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE (PTFE)
N1  - Accession Number: 10921110; Meng Chen 1; Email Address: mchen@biosetinc.com Zamora, Paul O. 1,2 Som, Prantika 2 Peña, Louis A. 2 Osaki, Shigemasa 1; Affiliation:  1: BioSurface Engineering Technologies (BioSET), Inc.  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 14 Issue 9, p917; Subject Term: POLYTEF; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL materials; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: AMMONIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: CELL ATTACHMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: GLOW-DISCHARGE PLASMA; Author-Supplied Keyword: OXYGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE (PTFE); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1163/156856203322381410
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mousseau, V.A.
AU  - Knoll, D.A.
T1  - New physics-based preconditioning of implicit methods for non-equilibrium radiation diffusion
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
SN  - 00219991
AB  - This note presents an extension of previous work on physics-based preconditioning of the non-equilibrium radiation diffusion equations. The new physics-based preconditioner presented in this manuscript is a minor modification to the operator-split preconditioner presented previously. Results show that the new preconditioner is more effective on test problems that are more nonlinear. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - IMPLICIT functions
KW  - Implicit
KW  - Nonlinear
KW  - Preconditioning
KW  - Radiation diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 10568010; Mousseau, V.A.; Email Address: vmss@lanl.gov Knoll, D.A. 1; Email Address: nol@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, M.S. B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 190 Issue 1, p42; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: IMPLICIT functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implicit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preconditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation diffusion; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00252-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sears, Mark P.
AU  - Frink, Laura J.D.
T1  - A new efficient method for density functional theory calculations of inhomogeneous fluids
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 190
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
SN  - 00219991
AB  - The accurate computation of the effects of solvation on chemical systems can be done using density functional theories (DFT) for inhomogeneous multicomponent fluids. The DFT models of interest are non-local theories which accurately treat hard-sphere fluid mixtures; attractive inter-particle potentials (Lennard–Jones) are added as perturbations. In this paper, we develop and demonstrate a new efficient method for an accurate non-local DFT. The method described here differs from previous work in the use of fast fourier transform (FFT) methods to carry out the convolutions. As with our previous real space work (J. Comput. Phys. 159(2) (2000) 407, 425), we demonstrate that the Fourier space approach can be solved with a Newton–GMRES approach; however, we now employ a very efficient matrix-free algorithm. A simple but effective preconditioner is presented. The method is demonstrated with calculations performed for one-, two-, and three-dimensional systems, including problems with single and multicomponent fluids. Timing comparisons with previous implementations are given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - FOURIER transforms
N1  - Accession Number: 10568017; Sears, Mark P.; Email Address: mpsears@sandia.gov Frink, Laura J.D. 1; Email Address: ljfrink@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 190 Issue 1, p184; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00270-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veil, John A.
T1  - Innovative Technologies For Managing Oil Field Waste.
JO  - Journal of Energy Resources Technology
JF  - Journal of Energy Resources Technology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 125
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 238
EP  - 248
SN  - 01950738
AB  - Each year, the oil industry generates millions of barrels of wastes that need to be properly managed. For many years, most oil field wastes were disposed of at a significant cost. However, over the past decade, the industry has developed many processes and technologies to minimize the generation of wastes and to more safely and economically dispose of the waste that is generated. Many companies follow a three-tiered waste management approach. First, companies try to minimize waste generation when possible. Next, they try to find ways to reuse or recycle the wastes that are generated. Finally, the wastes that cannot be reused or recycled must be disposed of. Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) has evaluated the feasibility of various oil field waste management technologies for the U.S. Department of Energy. This paper describes four of the technologies Argonne has reviewed. In the area of waste minimization, the industry has developed synthetic-based drilling muds (SBMs) that have the desired drilling properties of oil-based muds without the accompanying adverse environmental impacts. Use of SBMs avoids significant air pollution from work boats hauling offshore cuttings to shore for disposal and provides more efficient drilling than can be achieved with water-based muds. Downhole oil/water separators have been developed to separate produced water from oil at the bottom of wells. The produced water is directly injected to an underground formation without ever being lifted to the surface, thereby avoiding potential for groundwater or soil contamination. In the area of reuse/recycle, Argonne has worked with Southeastern Louisiana University and industry to develop a process to use treated drill cuttings to restore wetlands in coastal Louisiana. Finally, in an example of treatment and disposal, Argonne has conducted a series of four baseline studies to characterize the use of salt caverns for safe and economic disposal of oil field wastes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Energy Resources Technology is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WASTE management
KW  - OIL fields
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 10890869; Veil, John A. 1; Email Address: jveil@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Washington, D.C.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 125 Issue 3, p238; Subject Term: WASTE management; Subject Term: OIL fields; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237120 Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batabyal, Amitrajeet A.
AU  - Kahn, James R.
AU  - O'Neill, Robert V.
T1  - On the scarcity value of ecosystem services
JO  - Journal of Environmental Economics & Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Economics & Management
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
SN  - 00950696
AB  - In this exploratory paper, we first make a case for considering the scarcity value of ecosystem services in the analyses of jointly determined ecological–economic systems. Next, we point out that insight into the scarcity value of an ecosystem service can be gained generally by examining the manner in which the state of an ecosystem responds to changes in environmental conditions. Following this, we specialize our discussion to the case of eutrophication in lakes. This leads us to pose and analyze a stochastic control problem of lake management in which ecological thresholds are salient. Finally, we show that this stochastic control theoretic framework can be used to obtain a numerical value that is closely related to the scarcity value of an ecosystem service provided by lakes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Economics & Management is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Lakes
KW  - Scarcity
KW  - Ecosystem management
KW  - Ecosystem service
KW  - Lake
KW  - Scarcity value
KW  - Stochastic control
N1  - Accession Number: 10568035; Batabyal, Amitrajeet A. 1; Email Address: aabgsh@rit.edu; Kahn, James R. 2; O'Neill, Robert V. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Economics, Rochester Institute of Technology, 92 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623-5604, USA; 2: Environmental Studies Program and Department of Economics, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA 24450, USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division (Emeritus), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p334; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Lakes; Subject Term: Scarcity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem service; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scarcity value; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic control; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00040-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
AU  - Firestone, Mary K.
AU  - Hazen, Terry C.
AU  - Olson, Keith R.
AU  - Herman, Donald J.
AU  - Sutton, Stephen R.
AU  - Lanzirotti, Antonio
T1  - In Situ Reduction of Chromium (VI) in Heavily Contaminated Soils through Organic Carbon Amendment.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1641
EP  - 1649
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Studies the in situ reduction of chromium(VI) in heavily contaminated soils through organic carbon amendment.  Ingredients of solutions designed to accelerate the reduction of chromium in soils; Synergistic effects sustained in whole soil systems.
KW  - Hexavalent chromium
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Carbon compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 11034760; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Email Address: tktokunaga@lbl.gov; Wan, Jiamin 1; Firestone, Mary K. 2; Hazen, Terry C. 1; Olson, Keith R. 1; Herman, Donald J. 2; Sutton, Stephen R. 3; Lanzirotti, Antonio 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2: University of California, Berkeley; 3: University of Chicago; Issue Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1641; Thesaurus Term: Hexavalent chromium; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McClellan, Yvonne
AU  - August, Robert
AU  - Gosz, James
AU  - Gann, Steve
AU  - Parmenter, Robert
AU  - Nelson, Martin
AU  - Harper, Mark
T1  - Plant and Environment Interactions.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1759
EP  - 1763
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Examines the uptake rates of thorium progeny in a semiarid environment.  Use of high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy in determining radionuclide activities; Calculation of concentration ratios based on actinium levels.
KW  - Thorium
KW  - Arid regions
KW  - Radioisotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 11034774; McClellan, Yvonne 1; Email Address: ymcclel@sandia.gov; August, Robert 2; Gosz, James 3; Gann, Steve 4; Parmenter, Robert 3; Nelson, Martin 4; Harper, Mark 4; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington; 3: University of New Mexico, Department of Biology, Albuquerque; 4: U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis; Issue Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1759; Thesaurus Term: Thorium; Thesaurus Term: Arid regions; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geveke, David J.
AU  - Brunkhorst, Christopher
T1  - Inactivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Radio Frequncy Electric Fields.
JO  - Journal of Food Protection
JF  - Journal of Food Protection
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 66
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1712
EP  - 1715
SN  - 0362028X
AB  - The application of radio frequency (RF) electric fields as a nonthermal alternative to thermal inactivation of microorganisms in liquids was investigated. A novel RF system producing frequencies in the range of 20 to 60 kHz was developed. Electric field strengths of 20 and 30 kV/cm were applied to suspensions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in water over a temperature range of 35 to 55°C. The flow rate was 1.2 liters/min. The S. cerevisiae population was reduced by 2.1 ± 0.1 log units following exposure to a 30-kV/cm field at 40°C. The results of the present study provide the first evidence that strong RF electric fields inactivate microorganisms at moderately low temperatures. Increasing the field strength, the number of treatments, and the temperature enhanced inactivation. Frequency had no effect on inactivation over the range of frequencies studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Food Protection is the property of Allen Press Publishing Services Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Food -- Safety measures
KW  - Radio frequency
KW  - Electric fields
N1  - Accession Number: 11097294; Geveke, David J. 1; Brunkhorst, Christopher 2; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania; 2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, New Jersey, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 66 Issue 9, p1712; Thesaurus Term: Food -- Safety measures; Subject Term: Radio frequency; Subject Term: Electric fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malmon, Daniel V.
AU  - Dunne, Thomas
AU  - Reneau, Steven L.
T1  - Stochastic Theory of Particle Trajectories through Alluvial Valley Floors.
JO  - Journal of Geology
JF  - Journal of Geology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 111
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
PB  - University of Chicago Press
SN  - 00221376
AB  - Temporary storage of sediment within alluvial valley floors modulates the long-term transport of sediment through landscapes. The fate of weathering minerals or sediment-bound constituents in fluvial environments depends on the relative time scales of constituent degradation and particle residence time within valleys. Particles follow a set of trajectories through valley floors: some particles pass directly through the channel, reaching the basin outlet rapidly after being introduced to the fluvial system; others remain for long periods in deposits such as flood plains. Traditional sediment routing theory, based on the principle of sediment mass conservation along reaches of channel, does not account for exchanges of sediment with temporary sediment storage reservoirs outside the channel, such as flood plains, deltas, and alluvial fans. This article formalizes a theory that incorporates the role of such exchanges in the migration of sediment through river systems, by computing the probabilistic structure of particle trajectories through alluvial valley floors. Equations are developed for computing these trajectories from the sediment budget of a valley floor in steady state. Mathematical strategies for using such relationships to model transient storage conditions are proposed, and other potential model enhancements are discussed. The approach is illustrated using a hypothetical valley floor as an example. The theory can be used to examine rates of sediment overturn in valleys, map particle residence times, and account for the redistribution and decomposition of weathering minerals and particle-bound constituents. The theory has numerous potential management applications, some of which are discussed herein. The hypothetical example demonstrates that the probability distribution of particle residence times in the valleys of most alluvial rivers should be strongly right skewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Geology is the property of University of Chicago Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - ALLUVIAL streams
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
N1  - Accession Number: 10817007; Malmon, Daniel V. 1; Email Address: malmon@swansonh2o.com Dunne, Thomas 1,2 Reneau, Steven L. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, U.S.A.  2: Donald Bren School of Environmental Science and Management and Department of Geological Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, U.S.A.  3: Environmental Geology and Risk Analysis Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 111 Issue 5, p525; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Subject Term: ALLUVIAL streams; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feinberg, Jeremy A.
AU  - Burke, Russell L.
T1  - Nesting Ecology and Predation of Diamondback Terrapins, Malaclemys terrapin, at Gateway National Recreation Area, New York.
JO  - Journal of Herpetology
JF  - Journal of Herpetology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 526
SN  - 00221511
AB  - We studied Diamondback Terrapins, Malaclemys terrapin, at Gateway National Recreation Area, New York. We found evidence of nesting terrapins at three locations within the Recreation Area and focused our research on the islands of Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge. Female terrapins nested from early June through early August and oviposited at least two clutches per year. Mean clutch size was 10.9 eggs. Nesting activity increased with daily high temperature and high tide. The greatest number of terrapin nests was found in shrubland, dune, and mixed-grassland habitats, but nest densities were higher on a human-made sandy trail and on sandy beaches. We estimate that approximately 2053 nests were oviposited on the largest island in the refuge in 1999. In 1998 and 1999, we counted 1319 and 1840 depredated nests, respectively, throughout the refuge. Raccoons were introduced into Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge approximately 20 yr prior to this study. Raccoons depredated 92.2% of nests monitored on the largest island during the 1999 nesting season. We also found the carcasses of adult female terrapins that apparently were killed by raccoons as they came on land to nest. This terrapin population may be undergoing demographic changes as a result of the introduction of raccoons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Herpetology is the property of Society for the Study of Amphibians & Reptiles and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAMONDBACK terrapin
KW  - ANIMAL ecology
KW  - PREDATION (Biology)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11013833; Feinberg, Jeremy A. 1,2; Email Address: jfeinberg@bnl.gov Burke, Russell L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Hofstra University, USA  2: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p517; Subject Term: DIAMONDBACK terrapin; Subject Term: ANIMAL ecology; Subject Term: PREDATION (Biology); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Yu
AU  - Logan, Timothy M.
AU  - Edison, Arthur S.
AU  - Webb, Andrew
T1  - Design of small volume HX and triple-resonance probes for improved limits of detection in protein NMR experiments
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 128
SN  - 10907807
AB  - Three- and four-frequency nuclear magnetic-resonance probes have been designed for the study of small amounts of protein. Both “HX” (1H, X, and 2H channels) and “triple-resonance” (1H, 15N, 13C, and 2H) probes were implemented using a single transmit/receive coil and multiple-frequency impedance matching circuits. The coil used was a six-turn solenoid with an observe volume of 15 μl. A variable pitch design was used to improve the <f>B1</f> homogeneity of the coil. Two-dimensional HSQC spectra of ∼1 mM single labeled 15N- and double labeled 15N/13C-proteins were acquired in experimental times of approximately 2 h. Triple-resonance capability of the small-volume triple-resonance probe was demonstrated by acquiring three-dimensional HNCO spectra from the same protein samples. In addition to enabling very small quantities of protein to be used, the extremely short pulse widths (1H=4, 15N=4, and 13C=2 μs) of this particular design result in low power decoupling and wide-bandwidth coverage, an important factor for the ever-higher operating frequencies used for protein NMR studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - HOMOGENEITY
N1  - Accession Number: 10568113; Li, Yu 1,2 Logan, Timothy M. 3,4 Edison, Arthur S. 2,4; Email Address: art@mbi.ufl.edu Webb, Andrew 1,5; Email Address: agwebb@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0245, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, USA  5: Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 5, Biophysik. Universität Würzburg, Germany; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 164 Issue 1, p128; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: HOMOGENEITY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00184-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meriles, Carlos A.
AU  - Sakellariou, Dimitris
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - Broadband phase modulation by adiabatic pulses
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 10907807
AB  - The use of inhomogeneous but spatially correlated static and radiofrequency (RF) magnetic fields offers a potential methodology for performing magnetic resonance spectroscopy of samples placed outside the bore of the magnet. However, its practical implementation still presents challenging problems, among them the control of nuclear spins over broad frequency offset intervals. The present study introduces an efficient method of encoding the phase of the magnetization when the variation of the static field along the sample is much larger than the RF amplitude. The procedure is based on the use of consecutively applied full-passage adiabatic pulses. The induced phase modulation is broadband and selective because it does not depend on the offset relative to the central frequency and the limits can be sharply defined. Finally, the encoded phase depends almost linearly on the local RF amplitude. All these features enable the recovery of an inhomogeneity-free spectrum with amplitudes close to the theoretically attainable maximum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE modulation
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 10568120; Meriles, Carlos A. 1 Sakellariou, Dimitris 1 Pines, Alexander; Email Address: pines@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California and Materials Sciences, Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 164 Issue 1, p177; Subject Term: PHASE modulation; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00157-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, J.M.
AU  - Johnston, D.C.
AU  - Cook, B.A.
AU  - Harringa, J.L.
AU  - Russell, A.M.
T1  - Magnetization study of the ultra-hard material <f>MgAlB14</f>
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 265
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Magnetic susceptibility <f>χ</f> versus temperature <f>T</f>, magnetization <f>M</f> versus <f>T</f>, and isothermal <f>M</f> versus magnetic field <f>H</f> studies of the ultra-hard material <f>MgAlB14</f> were carried out in search of superconductivity or ferromagnetism in this compound. Two types of samples were synthesized: (1) powder and (2) chemically substituted and unsubstituted hot pressed pellets prepared from mechanically alloyed powders. <f>χ(T)</f> measurements on a powder sample revealed temperature-independent diamagnetism with a Curie–Weiss impurity concentration equivalent to <f>∼1 mol%</f> of spin-<f> <NU>1</NU>/2</f> ions. In contrast, <f>M(T)</f> and <f>M(H)</f> data on the hot pressed samples, both substituted and unsubstituted, showed evidence of ferromagnetic transitions above <f>∼330 K</f>. Scanning electron microscopy and Auger microprobe analysis of the hot pressed samples indicated that both substituted and unsubstituted samples contained significant concentrations of Fe impurities. We conclude that pure <f>MgAlB14</f> is neither a superconductor nor a ferromagnet above 1.8 K and exhibits temperature-independent diamagnetism from 1.8 K up to room temperature. The ferromagnetism observed in the hot pressed samples is likely due to Fe impurities abraded from the stainless steel mills used to mix the starting materials prior to hot pressing the samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - CONTAMINATION (Technology)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Ferromagnetic impurities
KW  - Magnetization measurements
KW  - Ultra-hard boride <f>MgAlB14</f>
N1  - Accession Number: 10570266; Hill, J.M. 1; Email Address: jmhill@ameslab.gov Johnston, D.C. 1 Cook, B.A. 2 Harringa, J.L. 2 Russell, A.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 265 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: CONTAMINATION (Technology); Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetic impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultra-hard boride <f>MgAlB14</f>; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00220-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, J.K.R.
AU  - Benmore, C.J.
AU  - Tangeman, J.A.
AU  - Siewenie, J.
AU  - Hiera, K.J.
T1  - Structure of Binary CaO-Al 2 O 3 and SrO-Al 2 O 3 Liquids by Combined Levitation-Neutron Diffraction.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
EP  - 121
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - The total structure factors, S(Q) of 50:50 mole% CaO:Al2O3- and 67:33 mole% SrO:Al2O3-composition liquids have been determined by neutron diffraction. Measurements were made on laser beam-heated liquids at 2000-2100 K held in an aerodynamic levitator. Pure vanadium levitation nozzles were used. Reduction of the nozzle wall thickness decreased attenuation of scattered neutrons to give a two-fold increase in signal intensity. The liquids are comprised of predominantly 4-coordinated aluminum and 6- and higher-coordinated group II metal ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - ALUMINATES
KW  - NOZZLES
KW  - CALCIUM aluminate
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - aluminates
KW  - containerless
KW  - levitation
KW  - Liquid structure
KW  - neutron diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12881349; Weber, J.K.R. 1; Email Address: benmore@anl.gov Benmore, C.J. 2 Tangeman, J.A. 1 Siewenie, J. 2 Hiera, K.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Containerless Research, Inc., University Place, Evanston, IL, USA  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p113; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: ALUMINATES; Subject Term: NOZZLES; Subject Term: CALCIUM aluminate; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: aluminates; Author-Supplied Keyword: containerless; Author-Supplied Keyword: levitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Lee, E.H.
AU  - Hunn, J.D.
T1  - Plastic deformation in 316LN stainless steel – characterization of deformation microstructures
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 321
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The effects of irradiation, test temperature, and strain on the deformation microstructures of a 316LN stainless steel have been investigated using a disk-bend method and transmission electron microscopy. Deformation microstructure changed progressively from a dislocation network dominant to a large stacking fault/twin band dominant microstructure with increasing radiation dose and with decreasing test temperature. Also, an increased strain level enhanced the propensity of deformation twinning. Since the stress was considered to be a key external parameter controlling deformation mechanism in 316LN austenitic stainless steel, the equivalent stress level was estimated for the examined surface of the disk sample. It was possible to categorize the deformation microstructures in terms of the equivalent stress range. A key conclusion is that the austenitic material will deform by forming bands of large stacking faults and twins when the stress exceeds a critical equivalent stress level of about 600 MPa by any of several possible strengthening measures: irradiation, increasing strain level, and decreasing test temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10504828; Byun, T.S.; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov Lee, E.H. 1 Hunn, J.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 45005, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 321 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00195-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10504828&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vetter, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Mueller, Frank
T1  - Communication characteristics of large-scale scientific applications for contemporary cluster architectures
JO  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
JF  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 63
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 853
SN  - 07437315
AB  - This paper examines the explicit communication characteristics of several sophisticated scientific applications, which, by themselves, constitute a representative suite of publicly available benchmarks for large cluster architectures. By focusing on the message passing interface (MPI) and by using hardware counters on the microprocessor, we observe each application''s inherent behavioral characteristics: point-to-point and collective communication, and floating-point operations. Furthermore, we explore the sensitivities of these characteristics to both problem size and number of processors. Our analysis reveals several striking similarities across our diverse set of applications including the use of collective operations, especially those collectives with very small data payloads. We also highlight a trend of novel applications parting with regimented, static communication patterns in favor of dynamically evolving patterns, as evidenced by our experiments on applications that use implicit linear solvers and adaptive mesh refinement. Overall, our study contributes a better understanding of the requirements of current and emerging paradigms of scientific computing in terms of their computation and communication demands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10923114; Vetter, Jeffrey S. 1; Email Address: vetter3@llnl.gov Mueller, Frank 2; Email Address: mueller@cs.ncsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, 448 EGRC, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 63 Issue 9, p853; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0743-7315(03)00104-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kendrick
AU  - B. K.
T1  - Geometric Phase Effects in Chemical Reaction Dynamics and Molecular Spectra.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 107
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 6739
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The theoretical methodology for including the effects of the geometric phase in quantum reactive scattering and bound-state calculations is reviewed. Two approaches are discussed:  one approach is based on solving the standard Born-Oppenheimer equation but with double-valued boundary conditions, and the second approach is based on solving a generalized Born-Oppenheimer equation with single-valued boundary conditions. The generalized Born-Oppenheimer equation contains a vector potential which is mathematically equivalent to that of a magnetic solenoid. The recently developed numerical methodology for solving the generalized Born-Oppenheimer equation is reviewed, and several applications of this methodology in chemical reaction dynamics and molecular spectra are discussed. New results from accurate six dimensional quantum reactive scattering calculations for the D + H2(v, j) → HD(v‘, j‘) + H and H + H2(v, j) → H2(v‘, j‘) + H reactions are presented. These calculations are performed both with and without the geometric phase. The geometric phase calculations are done using both the double-valued basis set approach and vector potential approach. The effects of the geometric phase in the reaction probabilities, integral, and differential cross sections are investigated as a function of scattering energy and total angular momentum J. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORN-Oppenheimer approximation
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
N1  - Accession Number: 10729951; Kendrick B. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (T-12, MS-B268), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 35, p6739; Subject Term: BORN-Oppenheimer approximation; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Lincot, Daniel
AU  - Zunger, Alex
T1  - Foreword to: ICTMC
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 64
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1435
SN  - 00223697
N1  - Accession Number: 10741584; Lincot, Daniel 1 Zunger, Alex 2; Affiliation:  1: ICTMC 13 Conference Chairman, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Analytique (CNRS UMR 7575),Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France  2: ICTMC 13 Program Chairman, Basic Sciences Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO, USA 80401,; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 64 Issue 9/10, p1435; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3697(03)00268-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10741584&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramanathan, K.
AU  - Hasoon, F.S.
AU  - Smith, S.
AU  - Young, D.L.
AU  - Contreras, M.A.
AU  - Johnson, P.K.
AU  - Pudov, A.O.
AU  - Sites, J.R.
T1  - Surface treatment of CuInGaSe2 thin films and its effect on the photovoltaic properties of solar cells
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 64
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1495
SN  - 00223697
AB  - Solar cells have been fabricated with partial electrolyte treatments of CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) thin film absorbers in lieu of a CdS layer. Treatment of the absorbers in a Cd or Zn containing solution is shown to produce conditions under which efficient solar cells can be fabricated. A similar effect is also observed in CuInGaSSe2 (CIGSS) graded band gap absorbers. These observations can be explained by the ability of Cd and Zn to produce n-type doping or inversion in the surface region. We also provide a brief review of similar work done elsewhere and identify directions for future investigations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - A. Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 10741594; Ramanathan, K. 1 Hasoon, F.S. 1 Smith, S. 1 Young, D.L. 1 Contreras, M.A. 1 Johnson, P.K. 2 Pudov, A.O. 2 Sites, J.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 64 Issue 9/10, p1495; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Thin films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3697(03)00169-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaffe, John E.
AU  - Zunger, Alex
T1  - Defect-induced nonpolar-to-polar transition at the surface of CuInSe2
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 64
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1547
SN  - 00223697
AB  - In contrast to zinc-blende semiconductors, where the nonpolar (110) surface has the lowest energy, our first-principles calculations on the chalcopyrite semiconductor CuInSe2 reveal that facets terminated by the (112)-cation and (1¯1¯2¯)-Se polar surfaces are lower in energy than the unfaceted (110) plane, despite the resulting increased surface area. This explains the hitherto puzzling existence of polar microfacets on nominally nonpolar (110) chalcopyrite surfaces. The extraordinary stability of these polar facets originates from the effective neutralization of surface charge by low-energy ordered CuIn antisite or Cu vacancy surface defects, while the relaxed but defect-free (112) surface is metallic and much higher in energy. We explain the low carrier density of the observed faceted surface in terms of autocompensation between opposite-polarity facets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology) -- Defects
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - HIGH technology industries
KW  - A. Semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 10741602; Jaffe, John E. 1; Email Address: john.jaffe@pnl.gov Zunger, Alex 2; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 64 Issue 9/10, p1547; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology) -- Defects; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: HIGH technology industries; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3697(03)00148-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janotti, A.
AU  - Wei, Su-Huai
T1  - Epitaxially stabilized AgGaSe2 for high-efficiency spin-polarized electron source
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 64
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1881
SN  - 00223697
AB  - High-quality spin-polarized electron source (SPES) is of fundamental importance in the investigation of spin-dependent phenomena. Generally speaking, an ideal material for SPES application should have both large spin–orbit and positive crystal-field splitting. Currently, almost all sources in use with accelerators are based on photoemission from GaAs and related materials such as strained GaAs grown on GaAsP or InGaAs grown on GaAs. Nevertheless, the reduced critical layer thickness of these strained films leads to poor material quality and, consequently, low quantum efficiency. Besides other ordered ternary semiconductor compounds, tetragonal chalcopyrite ternary compounds have also been considered. However, since all these compounds have zero or negative crystal-field splitting, the achieved polarization and quantum efficiency are rather low. Here we propose a new material, AgGaSe2 in the CuAu phase, as a high-quality SPES. We show that it is possible to grow epitaxially strain-free AgGaSe2 in the CuAu phase on ZnSe substrate. Since this material has a direct-band gap, a large spin–orbit splitting, as well as a large positive crystal-field splitting, it is predicted to be a promising material for SPES with 100% spin polarization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CRYSTAL field theory
KW  - CHALCOPYRITE
KW  - GaAs
KW  - Semiconductor
KW  - Spin-polarized electron source
N1  - Accession Number: 10741665; Janotti, A. 1,2; Email Address: janottia@ornl.gov Wei, Su-Huai 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 20008-6114, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 64 Issue 9/10, p1881; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL field theory; Subject Term: CHALCOPYRITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin-polarized electron source; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212233 Copper-zinc ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212234 Copper Ore and Nickel Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3697(03)00145-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10741665&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macaluso, Robin T.
AU  - Nakatsuji, S.
AU  - Lee, H.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
AU  - Moldovan, M.
AU  - Young, D.P.
AU  - Chan, Julia Y.
T1  - Synthesis, structure, and magnetism of a new heavy-fermion antiferromagnet, <f>CePdGa6</f>
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 174
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
SN  - 00224596
AB  - A new compound, <f>CePdGa6</f>, and its isostructural analog, <f>LaPdGa6</f> have been synthesized by flux growth and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds adopt a tetragonal structure with <f>P4/mmm</f> space group, <f>Z=1</f>. The lattice parameters for <f>CePdGa6</f> are <f>a=b=4.350(3) A˚</f> and <f>c=7.922(6) A˚</f> and <f>a=b=4.3760(3) A˚</f> and <f>c=7.9230(5) A˚</f> for <f>LaPdGa6</f>. Magnetic and thermal measurement have revealed that <f>CePdGa6</f> is a heavy-fermion with the specific heat coefficient <f>γ∼300 mJ/mol K2</f> and Ce <f>f</f> moments order antiferromagnetically along <f>c</f>-axis at <f>TN=10 K</f>. Reconfiguration of spin occurs at <f>5 K</f> to induce a ferromagnetic component only in the a–b plane. This strong anisotropy in the magnetism might be related to its unique layered structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANTHANUM compounds
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - <f>CePdGa6</f>
KW  - Heavy-fermion
KW  - Metamagnetism
KW  - Single-crystal X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 10568131; Macaluso, Robin T. 1 Nakatsuji, S. 2 Lee, H. 2 Fisk, Z. 2 Moldovan, M. 3 Young, D.P. 3 Chan, Julia Y. 1; Email Address: jchan@lsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 174 Issue 2, p296; Subject Term: LANTHANUM compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>CePdGa6</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metamagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-crystal X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00223-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gokhale, Maya
AU  - Frigo, Jan
AU  - Mccabe, Kevin
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - Wolinski, Christophe
AU  - Lavenier, Dominique
T1  - Experience with a Hybrid Processor: K-Means Clustering.
JO  - Journal of Supercomputing
JF  - Journal of Supercomputing
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 148
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09208542
AB  - We discuss hardware/software co-processing on a hybrid processor for a compute- and data-intensive multispectral imaging algorithm, k-means clustering. The experiments are performed on two models of the Altera Excalibur board, the first using the soft IP core 32-bit NIOS 1.1 RISC processor, and the second with the hard IP core ARM processor. In our experiments, we compare performance of the sequential k-means algorithm with three different accelerated versions. We consider granularity and synchronization issues when mapping an algorithm to a hybrid processor. Our results show that speedup of 11.8X is achieved by migrating computation to the Excalibur ARM hardware/software as compared to software only on a Gigahertz Pentium III. Speedup on the Excalibur NIOS is limited by the communication cost of transferring data from external memory through the processor to the customized circuits. This limitation is overcome on the Excalibur ARM, in which dual-port memories, accessible to both the processor and configurable logic, have the biggest performance impact of all the techniques studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Supercomputing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - INTEL microprocessors
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - configurable system on a chip
KW  - CSOC
KW  - Excalibur
KW  - FPGA
KW  - image processing
KW  - k-means clustering
N1  - Accession Number: 16981501; Gokhale, Maya 1; Email Address: maya@lanl.gov Frigo, Jan 1; Email Address: jfrigo@lanl.gov Mccabe, Kevin 1; Email Address: kmccabe@lanl.gov Theiler, James 1; Email Address: jt@lanl.gov Wolinski, Christophe 1; Email Address: krzvsztof.wolinski@irisa.fr Lavenier, Dominique 2; Email Address: dominique.lavenier@irisa.fr; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  2: IRISA–CNRS, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes cedex, France; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p131; Subject Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: INTEL microprocessors; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: configurable system on a chip; Author-Supplied Keyword: CSOC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excalibur; Author-Supplied Keyword: FPGA; Author-Supplied Keyword: image processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: k-means clustering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bilderback, Donald H.
AU  - Bazarov, I. V.
AU  - Finkelstein, K.
AU  - Gruner, S. M.
AU  - Padamsee, H. S.
AU  - Sinclair, C. K.
AU  - Shen, Q.
AU  - Talman, R.
AU  - Tigner, M.
AU  - Krafft, G. A.
AU  - Merminga, L.
T1  - Energy-recovery linac project at Cornell University.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 346
SN  - 09090495
AB  - There is considerable interest in using superconducting electron linacs with energy recovery as synchrotron radiation sources. Such energy recovery lines (ERLs) would open new regimes of X-ray science because they are capable of producing ultra-brilliant X-ray beams [>5 × 10[SUP22]  photons s[SUP-1] (0.1% bandwidth)[SUP-1] mm[SUP-2] mrad[SUP-2] at 10 keV], maintaining a very small source size (∼3 μm r.m.s.) suitable for micro X-ray beams, and making very intense fast (∼100 fs) X-ray pulses. Each of these characteristics would permit the execution of experiments that are not feasible with existing synchrotron sources. Many technical issues must be satisfactorily resolved before the potential of a full-scale ERL can be realised, including the generation of high average current (10 to 100 mA), high-brightness electron beams (0.015 to 0.15 nm rad emittances, respectively): acceleration of these beams to energies of 5-7 GeV without unacceptable emittance degradation; stable and efficient operation of superconducting linear accelerators at very high gradients etc. Cornell University, in collaboration with Jefferson Laboratory, has proposed to resolve these issues by the construction of a 100 MeV, 100 mA prototype ERL. The intention is to then utilize the information that is learned from the prototype to propose the construction of a full-scale ERL light source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - X-rays
KW  - energy recovery
KW  - light sources.
KW  - linacs
KW  - particle accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 10851440; Bilderback, Donald H. 1; Email Address: dhb2@cornell.edu Bazarov, I. V. 1 Finkelstein, K. 1 Gruner, S. M. 1 Padamsee, H. S. 1 Sinclair, C. K. 1 Shen, Q. 1 Talman, R. 1 Tigner, M. 1 Krafft, G. A. 2 Merminga, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue Newport News, VA 23606, USA.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 10 Issue 5, p346; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: light sources.; Author-Supplied Keyword: linacs; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fischetti, Robert F.
AU  - Rodi, Diane J.
AU  - Mirza, Ahmed
AU  - Irving, Thomas C.
AU  - Kondrashkina, Elena
AU  - Lee Makowski
T1  - High-resolution wide-angle X-ray scattering of protein solutions:  effect of beam dose on protein integrity.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 398
SN  - 09090495
AB  - Wide-angle X-ray scattering patterns from proteins in solution contain information relevant to the determination of protein fold. At relevant scattering angles, however, these data are weak, and the degree to which they might be used to categorize the fold of a protein is known. Preliminary work has been performed at the BioCAT insertion-device beamline at the Advanced Photon Source which demonstrates that one can collect X-ray scattering data from proteins in solution to spacings of at least 2.2 Å (q = 2.8 Å[SUP-1]). These data are sensitive to protein conformational states, and are in good agreement with the scattering predicted by the program CRYSOL using the known three-dimensional atomic coordinates of the protein. An important issue in the exploitation of this technique as a tool for structural genomics is the extent to which the high intensity of X-rays available at third-generation synchrotron sources chemically or structurally damage proteins. Various data-collection protocols have been investigated demonstrating conditions under which structural degradation of even sensitive proteins can be minimized, making this technique a viable tool for protein fold categorization, the study of protein folding, unfolding, protein-ligand interactions and domain movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GENETIC research
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - diffraction
KW  - protein structure
KW  - radiation damage
KW  - third-generation synchrotron sources.
KW  - wide-angle X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10851523; Fischetti, Robert F. 1,2 Rodi, Diane J. 2 Mirza, Ahmed 3 Irving, Thomas C. 4 Kondrashkina, Elena 4 Lee Makowski 2; Email Address: lmakowski@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: GM/CA-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  3: Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.  4: BioCAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 10 Issue 5, p398; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: GENETIC research; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: third-generation synchrotron sources.; Author-Supplied Keyword: wide-angle X-ray scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolinski, Christophe
AU  - Gokhale, Maya
AU  - McCabe, Kevin
T1  - Polymorphous fabric-based systems: Model, tools, applications
JO  - Journal of Systems Architecture
JF  - Journal of Systems Architecture
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 13837621
AB  - A polymorphous fabric-based systems is a parameterized cellular architecture in which an array of computing cells communicates with an embedded processor through a global memory. This architecture is customizable to different classes of applications by functional unit, interconnect, and memory parameters, and can be instantiated efficiently on platform FPGAs. In previous work [IEEE Micro 22(5) (2002)], we have demonstrated the advantage of reconfigurable fabrics for image and signal processing applications. Recently, we have build a fabric generator (FG), a Java-based toolset that greatly accelerates construction of the fabrics. A module-generation library is used to define, instantiate, and interconnect cells’ datapaths. FG also generates customized sequencers for individual cells or collections of cells. We describe the fabric-based system model, the FG toolset, and concrete realizations of fabric architectures generated by FG on the Altera Excalibur ARM that can deliver 4.5 GigaMACs/s (8/16 bit data, multiply-accumulate). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Systems Architecture is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
N1  - Accession Number: 11042320; Wolinski, Christophe 1,2; Email Address: wolinski@irisa.fr Gokhale, Maya 1 McCabe, Kevin 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: IRISA, IFSIC, Campus Universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes cedex, France; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 49 Issue 4-6, p143; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: COMPUTER architecture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-7621(03)00074-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weiss, Jonathan D.
T1  - Using Fiber Optics to Detect Moisture Intrusion into a Landfill Cap Consisting of a Vegetative Soil Barrier.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 53
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Focuses on the use of fiber optics to detect moisture intrusion into a landfill cap consisting of a vegetative soil barrier. Impact of the intrusion of moisture into landfills on human health; Analysis of results of the field-scale simulation test to detect the presence of moisture within landfill covers; Implications of the study in avoiding contamination of groundwater.
KW  - Landfills
KW  - Moisture
KW  - Earthwork
KW  - Health
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Fiber optics
KW  - Integrated optics
N1  - Accession Number: 12493695; Weiss, Jonathan D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 53 Issue 9, p1; Thesaurus Term: Landfills; Thesaurus Term: Moisture; Thesaurus Term: Earthwork; Thesaurus Term: Health; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Subject Term: Fiber optics; Subject Term: Integrated optics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strittmatter, Eric F.
AU  - Ferguson, P. Lee
AU  - Tang, Keqi
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Proteome analyses using accurate mass and elution time peptide tags with capillary LC time-of-flight mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 14
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 980
SN  - 10440305
AB  - We describe the application of capillary liquid chromatography (LC) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometric instrumentation for the rapid characterization of microbial proteomes. Previously (Lipton et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. <B>2002,</B> 99, 11049) the peptides from a series of growth conditions of Deinococcus radiodurans have been characterized using capillary LC MS/MS and accurate mass measurements which are captured as an accurate mass and time (AMT) tag database. Using this AMT tag database, detected peptides can be assigned using measurements obtained on a TOF due to the additional use of elution time data as a constraint. When peptide matches are obtained using AMT tags (i.e., using both constraints) unique matches of a mass spectral peak occurs 88% of the time. Not only are AMT tag matches unique in most cases, the coverage of the proteome is high; ∼3500 unique peptide AMT tags are found on average per capillary LC run. From the results of the AMT tag database search, ∼900 ORFs detected using LC-TOFMS, with ∼500 ORFs covered by at least two AMT tags. These results indicate that AMT database searches with modest mass and elution time criteria can provide proteomic information for approximately one thousand proteins in a single run of <3 h. The advantage of this method over using MS/MS based techniques is the large number of identifications that occur in a single experiment as well as the basis for improved quantitation. For MS/MS experiments, the number of peptide identifications is severely restricted because of the time required to dissociate the peptides individually. These results demonstrate the utility of the AMT tag approach using capillary LC-TOF MS instruments, and also show that AMT tags developed using other instrumentation can be effectively utilized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
N1  - Accession Number: 10695533; Strittmatter, Eric F. 1 Ferguson, P. Lee 1 Tang, Keqi 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: rd_smith@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 14 Issue 9, p980; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00146-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bates, Thomas W.
AU  - Thurmond, Mark C.
AU  - Hietala, Sharon K.
AU  - Venkateswaran, Kodumudi S.
AU  - Wilson, Terry M.
AU  - Colston Jr., Bill W.
AU  - Trebes, Jim E.
AU  - Milanovich, Fred P.
T1  - Surveillance for detection of foot-and-mouth disease.
JO  - Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 223
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 609
EP  - 614
SN  - 00031488
AB  - Discusses the need to improve surveillance programs for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD).  Technology for use in cost-effective mass screening and environmental testing; Embedding FMD surveillance in existing mass-screening systems for indigenous diseases; Strategic targeting of high-risk animals and locations.
KW  - FOOT & mouth disease
KW  - VETERINARY medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 10814189; Bates, Thomas W. 1 Thurmond, Mark C. 2 Hietala, Sharon K. 3 Venkateswaran, Kodumudi S. 1 Wilson, Terry M. 4 Colston Jr., Bill W. 1 Trebes, Jim E. 1 Milanovich, Fred P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Medical Physics and Biophysics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA  2: Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine  3: California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California  4: USDA—Veterinary Services—Emergency Services, Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center, MD  5: R Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 223 Issue 5, p609; Subject Term: FOOT & mouth disease; Subject Term: VETERINARY medicine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sugama, Toshifumi
AU  - Gawlik, Keith
T1  - Self-repairing poly(phenylenesulfide) coatings in hydrothermal environments at 200 °C
JO  - Materials Letters
JF  - Materials Letters
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 57
IS  - 26/27
M3  - Article
SP  - 4282
SN  - 0167577X
AB  - Usefulness of hydraulic calcium aluminate (CA) fillers, containing monocalcium aluminate (CaO.Al2O3) and calcium bialuminate (CaO.2Al2O3) reactants as the major phases, in healing and repairing micro-sized cracks generated on the surfaces of poly(phenylenesulfide) (PPS) coating was evaluated by exposing the cleaved coatings to a simulated geothermal environment. CA fillers with a grain size of <40 μm were incorporated into the PPS coatings. The cleaved PPS coatings containing fillers then were exposed for up to 20 days in a 200 °C CO2-laden brine. The decalcification–hydration reactions of the CaO.Al2O3 and CaO.2Al2O3 reactants disclosed in the cracks led to the rapid growth of boehmite crystals, while the crystalline calcite phase formed by the carbonation of these reactants was leached out of cracks because of the formation of water-soluble calcium bicarbonate. During exposure for 24 h, the block-like boehmite crystals, ∼4 μm in size, densely filled and sealed the open cracks; this was reflected in an increase in pore resistance to two orders of its magnitude compared with that of cleaved coatings without fillers. Extending the exposure time to 20 days resulted in no change in pore resistance, suggesting that the sealing of the cracks by boehmite crystals played an essential role in reconstituting and restoring the function of the failed coatings as corrosion-preventing barrier. Therefore, CA-filled PPS coatings are able to self-heal and -repair cracks generated on the surfaces of coating films in hydrothermal environments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILLERS (Materials)
KW  - CALCIUM aluminate
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - Calcium alumina fillers
KW  - Hydrothermal environments
KW  - Poly(phenylenesulfide)
N1  - Accession Number: 10504871; Sugama, Toshifumi 1; Email Address: sugama@bnl.gov Gawlik, Keith 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Science and Technology Department, Energy Resources Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building No. 526, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 57 Issue 26/27, p4282; Subject Term: FILLERS (Materials); Subject Term: CALCIUM aluminate; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium alumina fillers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal environments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(phenylenesulfide); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00304-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nickell, Robert E.
AU  - Romero, Christopher
T1  - CONTAINING explosions.
JO  - Mechanical Engineering
JF  - Mechanical Engineering
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 125
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
PB  - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
SN  - 00256501
AB  - Building explosive testing chambers presents a whole new set of challenges, since the purpose of such tests isn't the survival or destruction of the vessel, but gaining a better understanding of the explosion's dynamics. A pressure vessel under internal high explosive detonation pressure is typically subjected to two distinct types of loading. Dozens of vessels have been designed, fabricated, and used over the past several decades, even prior to the cessation of underground nuclear testing in 1992. Failure can occur only after the vessel stretches and bends, that is, after the initial impulse has disappeared and the absorption of the impulsive energy begins. Since the limited underground nuclear weapons test ban went into effect, a number of these controlled experiments have been conducted to help model the behavior of explosions and their effects on surrogate materials.
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - ARMORED vessels
KW  - SHIPS
KW  - MECHANICAL engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
N1  - Accession Number: 10826357; Nickell, Robert E. 1 Romero, Christopher 2; Affiliation:  1: President of Applied Science and Technology in Poivay, Calif., is a past president of ASME International. He currently serves as the Society's secretary and treasurer.  2: Test engineer at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 125 Issue 9, p62; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: ARMORED vessels; Subject Term: SHIPS; Subject Term: MECHANICAL engineering; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336611 Ship Building and Repairing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2298
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karick, A.M.
AU  - Drinkwater, M.J.
AU  - Gregg, M.D.
T1  - The surface brightness and colour–magnitude relations for Fornax cluster galaxies.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/09//9/1/2003
VL  - 344
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present BVI photometry of 190 galaxies in the central 4 × 3 deg[SUP2] region of the Fornax cluster observed with the Michigan Curtis Schmidt Telescope. Results from the Fornax Cluster Spectroscopic Survey (FCSS) and the Flair-IT Fornax Surveys have been used to confirm the membership status of galaxies in the Fornax Cluster Catalogue (FCC). In our catalogue of 213 member galaxies, 92 (43 per cent) have confirmed radial velocities. In this paper, we investigate the surface brightness-magnitude relation for Fornax cluster galaxies. Particular attention is given to the sample of cluster dwarfs and the newly discovered ultracompact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) from the FCSS. We examine the reliability of the surface brightness--magnitude relation as a method for determining cluster membership and find that at surface brightnesses fainter than 22 mag arcsec2, it fails in its ability to distinguish between cluster members and barely resolved background galaxies. Cluster members exhibit a strong surface brightness--magnitude relation. Both elliptical (E) galaxies and dwarf elliptical (dE) galaxies increase in surface brightness as luminosity decreases. The UCDs lie off the locus of the relation. B -- V and V -- I colours are determined for a sample of 113 cluster galaxies and the colour--magnitude relation is explored for each morphological type. The UCDs lie off the locus of the colour-magnitude relation. Their mean V -- I colours (∼ 1.09) are similar to those of globular clusters associated with NOC 1399. The location of the UCDs on both surface brightness and colour-magnitude plots supports the galaxy threshing model for infalling nucleated dwarf elliptical (dE, N) galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALAXIES -- Clusters
KW  - RADIAL velocity of galaxies
KW  - DWARF galaxies
KW  - galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax
KW  - galaxies: dwarf
KW  - galaxies: photometry
KW  - methods: observational
N1  - Accession Number: 10613253; Karick, A.M. 1; Email Address: akarick@isis.ph.unimelb.edu.au Drinkwater, M.J. 2 Gregg, M.D. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.  2: Department of Physics, University of Queensland, Queensland 4027, Australia.  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 9561 USA.  4: lnstitute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-413, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 9/1/2003, Vol. 344 Issue 1, p188; Subject Term: GALAXIES -- Clusters; Subject Term: RADIAL velocity of galaxies; Subject Term: DWARF galaxies; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: dwarf; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: photometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: methods: observational; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06813.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodges, K. I.
AU  - Hoskins, B. J.
AU  - Boyle, J.
AU  - Thorncroft, C.
T1  - A Comparison of Recent Reanalysis Datasets Using Objective Feature Tracking: Storm Tracks and Tropical Easterly Waves.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 131
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2012
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - Data from four recent reanalysis projects [ECMWF, NCEP–NCAR, NCEP–Department of Energy (DOE), NASA] have been diagnosed at the scale of synoptic weather systems using an objective feature tracking method. The tracking statistics indicate that, overall, the reanalyses correspond very well in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) lower troposphere, although differences for the spatial distribution of mean intensities show that the ECMWF reanalysis is systematically stronger in the main storm track regions but weaker around major orographic features. A direct comparison of the track ensembles indicates a number of systems with a broad range of intensities that compare well among the reanalyses. In addition, a number of small-scale weak systems are found that have no correspondence among the reanalyses or that only correspond upon relaxing the matching criteria, indicating possible differences in location and/or temporal coherence. These are distributed throughout the storm tracks, particularly in the regions known for small-scale activity, such as secondary development regions and the Mediterranean. For the Southern Hemisphere (SH), agreement is found to be generally less consistent in the lower troposphere with significant differences in both track density and mean intensity. The systems that correspond between the various reanalyses are considerably reduced and those that do not match span a broad range of storm intensities. Relaxing the matching criteria indicates that there is a larger degree of uncertainty in both the location of systems and their intensities compared with the NH. At upper-tropospheric levels, significant differences in the level of activity occur between the ECMWF reanalysis and the other reanalyses in both the NH and SH winters. This occurs due to a lack of coherence in the apparent propagation of the systems in ERA15 and appears most acute above 500 hPa. This is probably due to the use of optimal interpolation data assimilation in ERA15. Also shown are results based on using the same techniques to diagnose the tropical easterly wave activity. Results indicate that the wave activity is sensitive not only to the resolution and assimilation methods used but also to the model formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WEATHER
KW  - TROPOSPHERE
KW  - MOUNTAINS
KW  - INTERPOLATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10659925; Hodges, K. I. 1,2 Hoskins, B. J. 3 Boyle, J. 4 Thorncroft, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Evnironmental Systems Science Centre, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom  2: Corresponding author address: Dr. K. I. Hodges, ESSC, Harry Pit Building, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 238, Reading RG6 6AL, United Kingdom.  3: Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom  4: PCMDI, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  5: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 131 Issue 9, p2012; Subject Term: WEATHER; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERE; Subject Term: MOUNTAINS; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Califano
AU  - M.
AU  - Bester
AU  - G.
AU  - Zunger
AU  - A.
T1  - Prediction of a Shape-Induced Enhancement in the Hole Relaxation in Nanocrystals.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1197
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We present a pseudopotential calculation of the single particle and excitonic spectrum of CdSe nanocrystals. We find that in the excitonic manifold derived from the ground state electron and the first 60 hole states there are two energy gaps much larger than the typical LO phonon energy in bulk CdSe. Such gaps can effectively slow the hole relaxation process, as recently found experimentally. We show that they originate from two gaps in the hole spectrum and are therefore a single-particle effect, as opposed to an excitonic effect. The calculated width of the gaps increases with decreasing dot size, in agreement with the experimental trend of the energy loss rate that decreases with dot size. We find that the presence of the gaps is not limited to CdSe nanocrystals with the wurtzite crystal structure but is also found in spherical InAs zinc blende dots. Comparison with our results for quantum rods and cylinders of different aspect ratios, and with a single-band effective mass model, shows the origin of the gaps to be interband coupling in spherical NCs. The gaps disappear above an aspect ratio of about 3-4, thus predicting a fast hole relaxation for elongated nanostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10816321; Califano M. 1 Bester G. 1 Zunger A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 3 Issue 9, p1197; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim
AU  - J.
AU  - Grate
AU  - J. W.
T1  - Single-Enzyme Nanoparticles Armored by a Nanometer-Scale Organic/Inorganic Network.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1219
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We have developed armored single-enzyme nanoparticles (SENs) that surround each enzyme molecule with a porous composite organic/inorganic network of less than a few nanometers thick. This approach has significantly stabilized two proteases (α-chymotrypsin, CT, and trypsin, TR), and the armor network around CT is sufficiently thin and porous that it does not place a large mass-transfer limitation on the substrate. These new hybrid enzyme nanostructures offer great potential as a method to stabilize enzymes for various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - TRYPSIN
N1  - Accession Number: 10816325; Kim J. 1 Grate J. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 3 Issue 9, p1219; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: TRYPSIN; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tao
AU  - A.
AU  - Kim
AU  - F.
AU  - Hess
AU  - C.
AU  - Goldberger
AU  - J.
AU  - He
AU  - R.
AU  - Sun
AU  - Y.
AU  - Xia
AU  - Yang
AU  - P.
T1  - Langmuir-Blodgett Silver Nanowire Monolayers for Molecular Sensing Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1229
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Langmuir-Blodgett technique was used to assemble monolayers (with areas over 20 cm2) of aligned silver nanowires that are ~50 nm in diameter and 2-3 μm in length. These nanowires possess pentagonal cross-sections and pyramidal tips. They are close-packed and are aligned parallel to each other. The resulting nanowire monolayers serve as excellent substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with large electromagnetic field enhancement factors (2 × 105 for thiol and 2,4-dinitrotoluene, and 2 × 109 for Rhodamine 6G) and can readily be used in ultrasensitive, molecule-specific sensing utilizing vibrational signatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10816327; Tao A. 1 Kim F. 1 Hess C. 1 Goldberger J. 1 He R. 1 Sun Y. 1 Xia Yang P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 3 Issue 9, p1229; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan
AU  - Z.
AU  - Dai
AU  - S.
AU  - Beach
AU  - D. B.
AU  - Lowndes
AU  - D. H.
T1  - Temperature Dependence of Morphologies of Aligned Silicon Oxide Nanowire Assemblies Catalyzed by Molten Gallium.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1279
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Silicon oxide nanowire assemblies with fishbonelike, gourdlike, spindlelike, badmintonlike, and octopuslike morphologies were synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition of silane at 1150 °C with molten gallium as the catalyst via a vapor-liquid-solid process. The morphologies of the nanowire assemblies were temperature-dependent so that within a specific temperature range nanowire assemblies with a specific morphology were formed. Although the nanowire assemblies formed in different temperature ranges have different morphologies, they all are composed of a spherical liquid-gallium ball (3 to 5 μm in diameter) and a silicon oxide nanowire bunch that grows out from the lower-hemisphere surface of the gallium ball. Branching-growth and batch-growth phenomena were observed in the samples and were believed to be responsible for the formation of the unique morphologies described here. The growth mechanism of the nanowire assemblies is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - CATALYSTS
N1  - Accession Number: 10816337; Pan Z. 1 Dai S. 1 Beach D. B. 1 Lowndes D. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences and Condensed Matter Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 3 Issue 9, p1279; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whiteson, D.O.
AU  - Naumann, N.A.
T1  - Support vector regression as a signal discriminator in high energy physics
JO  - Neurocomputing
JF  - Neurocomputing
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 09252312
AB  - Multivariate analysis methods have swiftly become vital in high energy physics. The data produced by an experiment at a particle collider are so voluminous and the signals hidden within them are so rare and subtle that their analysis demands sophisticated multivariate algorithms. We present examples of the application of support vector regression to the search for a theoretically predicted particle and to the classification of heavy quark jets, and provide comparisons to the performance of an artificial neural network. We describe a technique for using Gaussian kernels with distinct widths in each dimension. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neurocomputing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Data preparation
KW  - High energy physics
KW  - Multivariate analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11113245; Whiteson, D.O. 1; Email Address: danielw@fnal.gov Naumann, N.A. 2; Email Address: axel@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: EHEF, Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen and NIKHEF, The Netherlands; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 55 Issue 1/2, p251; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data preparation; Author-Supplied Keyword: High energy physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate analysis; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-2312(03)00366-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Ekkebus, Allen E.
T1  - NICEST Workshop Held in Oak Ridge.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Report
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Highlights the meeting on Neutrons In solid state Chemistry and the Earth Sciences Today and Tomorrow (NICEST) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee on March 12 to 16, 2003.  Sponsors of the workshop; Overview of the scientific program prepared by the organizing committee; Details of speakers on various subjects related to neutron scattering; Presentations for the research poster session.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SOLID state chemistry
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - POSTER presentations
KW  - OAK Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14022600; Ekkebus, Allen E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p5; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SOLID state chemistry; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: POSTER presentations; Subject Term: OAK Ridge (Tenn.); Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ekkebus, Allen E.
T1  - SNS Target Installation Begins.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 39
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Reports that construction of the Spallation Neutron Source is on target for its scheduled completion by 2006 which is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.  Start of target installation on April 11, 2003; Other accomplishments in constructing the research facility.
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - RESEARCH institutes
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14022719; Ekkebus, Allen E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p39; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: RESEARCH institutes; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - WU, S.-C.
AU  - NIU, H.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 189
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 100
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Evaluated spectroscopic data for all nuclei with mass number A=189 and corresponding level schemes from radioactive decay and reaction studies are presented. This evaluation contains new extensive spectroscopic data on 189Os from (n,γ) work; data on 189Au, 189Hg and 189Tl from heavy-ion γ-ray measurements, and band structures. Detailed results of 189Hg &epsiv;- decay and 189Hgm &epsiv;-decay measurements are also included. The present evaluation supersedes the earlier one by R. B. Firestone (1990Fi02), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 59, 869 (1990). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - IONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - MERCURY
N1  - Accession Number: 12639055; WU, S.-C. 1 NIU, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA  2: Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 30043, Republic of China; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 100 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: MERCURY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 140p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/ndsh.2003.0014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Qiao
AU  - Sienicki, James J.
T1  - Stability analysis on single-phase natural circulation in Argonne lead loop facility
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 224
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 00295493
AB  - One-dimensional linear stability analysis was performed for single-phase lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) natural circulation. The Nyquist criterion and a root search method were employed to find the linear stability boundary of both forward and backward circulations. It was found that the natural circulations could be linearly unstable in a high Reynolds number region. Increasing loop friction makes a forward circulation more stable, but destabilizes the corresponding backward circulation under the same heating/cooling conditions. The characteristic wavelength of an unstable disturbance is roughly equal to the entire loop length. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - EUTECTICS
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - REYNOLDS number
KW  - LEAD compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 10426833; Wu, Qiao 1; Email Address: qiao@engr.orst.edu Sienicki, James J. 2; Email Address: sienicki@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Oregon State University, 130 Radiation Center, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  2: Reactor Analysis and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 224 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: EUTECTICS; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: REYNOLDS number; Subject Term: LEAD compounds; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0029-5493(03)00099-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10426833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castoldi, A.
AU  - Galimberti, A.
AU  - Guazzoni, C.
AU  - Rehak, P.
AU  - Strüder, L.
AU  - Menk, R.H.
T1  - Energy-resolved X-ray radiography with controlled-drift detectors at Sincrotrone Trieste
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 510
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Controlled-Drift Detector (CDD) is a fully depleted silicon detector that allows 2-D position sensing and energy spectroscopy of X-rays in the range 1–20 keV with excellent time resolution. Its distinctive feature is the simultaneous readout of the charge packets stored in the detector by means of a uniform electrostatic field leading to readout times of few microseconds. The advantage of this readout mechanism is twofold: (i) a higher frame rate/better time resolution with respect to the charge-coupled device which represents the reference X-ray spectroscopic imager and (ii) a lower contribution of the thermal noise due to a shorter integration time, leading to an excellent energy resolution also at room temperature. In this work we present the first experimental characterization of the CDD with synchrotron light in the range 8–30 keV carried out at Sincrotrone Trieste. Two-dimensional energy-resolved radiographic images carried out at a frame frequency up to 100 kHz are shown. Application of the CDD to elemental absorption contrast imaging is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Controlled drift detector
KW  - Energy-resolved X-ray imaging
KW  - Time-resolved X-ray imaging
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy X-ray imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 10645488; Castoldi, A. 1,2; Email Address: andrea.castoldi@polimi.it Galimberti, A. 1,2 Guazzoni, C. 1,2 Rehak, P. 3 Strüder, L. 4 Menk, R.H. 5; Affiliation:  1: Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Nucleare, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy  2: INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  4: Halbleiterlabor of the Max Planck Institut, Otto-Hahn-Ring 6, D-81279 Munich, Germany  5: Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale S.S 14, km 163.5, 34012 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 510 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Controlled drift detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-resolved X-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-resolved X-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray spectroscopy X-ray imaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01679-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10645488&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palmieri, V.G.
AU  - Bell, W.H.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Casagrande, L.
AU  - Vià, C. Da
AU  - Devine, S.R.H.
AU  - Dezillie, B.
AU  - Esposito, A.
AU  - Granata, V.
AU  - Hauler, F.
AU  - Jungermann, L.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Lourenco, C.
AU  - Niinikoski, T.O.
AU  - Shea, V. O’
AU  - Ruggiero, G.
AU  - Sonderegger, P.
T1  - Cryogenic semiconductor high-intensity radiation monitors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 510
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper describes a novel technique to monitor high-intensity particle beams by means of a semiconductor detector. It consists of cooling a semiconductor detector down to cryogenic temperature to suppress the thermally generated leakage current and to precisely measure the integrated ionization signal. It will be shown that such a device provides very good linearity and a dynamic range wider than is possible with existing techniques. Moreover, thanks to the Lazarus effect, extreme radiation hardness can be achieved providing in turn absolute intensity measurements against precise calibration of the device at low beam flux. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - Cryogenic
KW  - Detector
KW  - Lazarus effect
KW  - Semiconductor
N1  - Accession Number: 10645493; Palmieri, V.G. 1,2; Email Address: vittorio.palmieri@cern.ch Bell, W.H. 3 Borer, K. 2 Casagrande, L. 1,4 Vià, C. Da 5 Devine, S.R.H. 3 Dezillie, B. 1,6 Esposito, A. 7 Granata, V. 1,5 Hauler, F. 8 Jungermann, L. 8 Li, Z. 6 Lourenco, C. 1 Niinikoski, T.O. 1 Shea, V. O’ 3 Ruggiero, G. 3 Sonderegger, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: CERN EP Division, CH-23 1211 Geneva, Switzerland  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 800, UK  3: LHEP, University of Bern, Sidlerstarsse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  4: Lip, Av. E. Garcia, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal  5: Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK  6: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  7: Physik Department E18, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, D-85748 Garching, Germany  8: IEKP University of Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 510 Issue 1/2, p97; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lazarus effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01684-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10645493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rossi, P.
AU  - Brice, D.K.
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
T1  - Spatial distribution measured by the modulation transfer function
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 210
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Spatial distributions in ion micro-beam and IBA experimental practice are regularly characterized through the parameters of FWHM and tail area percentage (TF, tail fraction). Linear and stationary transducer theory allows these distributions to be described in the Fourier-dual frequency space, and provides an indirect method to evaluate them through measurement of the modulation transfer function (MTF). We suggest direct measurement of MTF by employing bar pattern grids, similar to those used for calibration of radiological equipment. Assuming spatial distributions of the form exp<f>(−(|αx|)η)</f>, we are able to relate the MTF measurements to the more popular FWHM and TF. This new approach to determine spatial resolution can become a standard for use by the micro-beam community. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MODULATION theory
KW  - TRANSDUCERS
KW  - SPATIAL analysis (Statistics)
KW  - Halo evaluation
KW  - Ion beam analysis
KW  - Modulation transfer function
KW  - Nuclear micro-probe
KW  - Phosphor blooming
KW  - Spatial resolution
N1  - Accession Number: 10644571; Rossi, P. 1,2; Email Address: prossi@sandia.gov Brice, D.K. 1 Doyle, B.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Org. 1111, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1056, USA  2: Department of Physics of the University and INFN, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 210 Issue 1-4, p85; Subject Term: MODULATION theory; Subject Term: TRANSDUCERS; Subject Term: SPATIAL analysis (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Halo evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modulation transfer function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear micro-probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphor blooming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial resolution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01031-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10644571&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
AU  - McDaniel, F.D.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Dodd, P.E.
AU  - Rossi, P.
AU  - Walsh, D.S.
T1  - Logic upsets in SRAMs using ion electron emission microscopy
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 210
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A high linear energy transfer (LET) system for performing radiation effects microscopy (REM) has been developed at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque. A radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) linac is used to boost the energy of ions accelerated by a conventional Tandem Van de Graaff – Pelletron from 0.25 to 1.9 MeV/amu. The LET for heavy ions is near a maximum at this velocity and the range is ∼20 μm. Unfortunately, the energy definition of the RFQ-boosted ions is rather poor, which makes focusing such ions difficult. To circumvent this problem, we are not using a focused microbeam, but instead are employing an ion-electron emission microscope or IEEM to perform high-LET REM experiments. Details of the RFQ-Booster and the new Axial IEEM system are given. Results using IEEM-IBIC to observe single event upsets in Sandia-manufactured radiation hardened integrated circuits are also presented and interpreted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM access memory
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - IONS
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - High linear energy transfer ions
KW  - Ion electron emission microscopy
KW  - Radiation effects microscopy
KW  - Radiation hardened ICs
KW  - Radio frequency quadrupole
KW  - Single event upset
N1  - Accession Number: 10644573; Doyle, B.L. 1 McDaniel, F.D. 2; Email Address: mcdaniel@unt.edu Vizkelethy, G. 1 Dodd, P.E. 1 Rossi, P. 3 Walsh, D.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS-1056 Albuquerque, NM 87185-1056, USA  2: Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Lab, Department of Physics, University of North Texas, P.O. Box 311427, Denton, TX 76203-1427, USA  3: University of Padua and INFN, Italy; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 210 Issue 1-4, p98; Subject Term: RANDOM access memory; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: High linear energy transfer ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion electron emission microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardened ICs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radio frequency quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single event upset; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01037-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10644573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rossi, P.
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
AU  - Banks, J.C.
AU  - Battistella, A.
AU  - Gennaro, G.
AU  - McDaniel, F.D.
AU  - Mellon, M.
AU  - Vittone, E.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Wing, N.D.
T1  - Ion photon emission microscopy
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 210
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A new ion-induced emission microscopy has been invented and demonstrated, which is called ion photon emission microscopy (IPEM). It employs a low current, broad ion beam impinging on a sample, previously coated or simply covered with a few microns of a fast, highly efficient phosphor layer. The light produced at the single ion impact point is collected with an optical microscope and projected at high magnification onto a single photon position sensitive detector (PSD). This allows maps of the ion strike effects to be produced, effectively removing the need for a microbeam. Irradiation in air and even the use of alpha particle sources with no accelerator are possible. Potential applications include ion beam induced charge collection studies of semiconducting and insulating materials, single event upset studies on microchips and even biological cells in radiobiological effectiveness experiments. We describe the IPEM setup, including a 60× OM-40 microscope with a 1.5 mm hole for the beam transmission and a Quantar PSD with 60 μm pixel. Bicron plastic scintillator blades of 10 μm were chosen as a phosphor for their nanosecond time resolution, homogeneity, utility and commercial availability. The results given in this paper are for a prototype IPEM system. They indicate a resolution of ∼12 μm, the presence of a spatial halo and a He-ion efficiency of ∼20%. This marks the first time that nuclear microscopy has been performed with a radioactive source. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - PHOTON emission
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Ion beam analysis
KW  - Ion photon emission microscopy
KW  - Nuclear emission microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10644578; Rossi, P. 1,2; Email Address: prossi@sandia.gov Doyle, B.L. 1 Banks, J.C. 1 Battistella, A. 3 Gennaro, G. 4 McDaniel, F.D. 1,5 Mellon, M. 6 Vittone, E. 7 Vizkelethy, G. 1 Wing, N.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Org. 1111, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1056, USA  2: Department of Physics of the University and INFN, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy  3: Laboratori Nazionali Legnaro, INFN, 35020 Legnaro(PD), Italy  4: Azienda Ospedaliera and INFN, 35100 Padova, Italy  5: University of North Texas, P.O. Box 311427 Denton, TX 76203, USA  6: Quantar Technology Inc., Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA  7: Department of Experimental Physics of the University and INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 210 Issue 1-4, p123; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: PHOTON emission; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion photon emission microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear emission microscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01081-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10644578&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Dodd, P.E.
AU  - Schwank, J.R.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M.R.
AU  - Walsh, D.S.
AU  - McDaniel, F.D.
AU  - Doyle, B.L.
T1  - Anomalous charge collection from silicon-on-insulator structures
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 210
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - An increased single event upset cross-section was found in some silicon-on-insulator (SOI) devices in recent experiments. In order to investigate this unexpected increase we performed both broad beam and microbeam experiments on thermal oxide capacitors. Charge collection was measured using ion beam induced charge collection (IBICC) and time resolved IBICC under different biasing conditions. Lateral charge collection profiles were recorded across the top electrode. We found that the collected charge strongly depends on the applied bias and the oxide thickness. Lateral non-uniformity was observed for low bias conditions. In this paper we will give a qualitative explanation for the charge collection mechanism in SOI devices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON-on-insulator technology
KW  - SPACE charge
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - Broad beam
KW  - Ion beam induced charge collection
KW  - Microbeam
KW  - Silicon-on-insulator
KW  - Single event upset
N1  - Accession Number: 10644595; Vizkelethy, G. 1; Email Address: gvizkel@sandia.gov Dodd, P.E. 1 Schwank, J.R. 1 Shaneyfelt, M.R. 1 Walsh, D.S. 1 McDaniel, F.D. 2 Doyle, B.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1056, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-1427, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 210 Issue 1-4, p211; Subject Term: SILICON-on-insulator technology; Subject Term: SPACE charge; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Broad beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam induced charge collection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbeam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon-on-insulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single event upset; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01072-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10644595&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohnuki, Toshihiko
AU  - Sakamoto, Fuminori
AU  - Kozai, Naofumi
AU  - Ozaki, Takuo
AU  - Narumi, Issei
AU  - Francis, Arokiasamy J.
AU  - Iefuji, Haruyuki
AU  - Sakai, Takuro
AU  - Kamiya, Tomihiro
AU  - Satoh, Takahiro
AU  - Oikawa, Masakazu
T1  - Application of micro-PIXE technique to uptake study of cesium by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 210
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 378
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We examined the accumulation and distribution of Cs, and the presence of other elements in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells by the micro-PIXE (particle induced X-ray emission) system developed at the TIARA facility, JAERI, and by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) coupled to a scanning electron microscope. The effects of Cs on yeast growth were determined by measuring the optical density at 600 nm. Addition of 1 mM Cs did not have any effect on the growth of the yeast. Micro-PIXE analysis of cells grown in the presence of Cs showed that Cs was uniformly distributed in the cells. Using PIXE, Cs, P, K and Fe can be detected, whereas only P and S can be determined by the EDS. Cells exposed to Cs showed an increase in Cs peak intensity, and decrease in P, K and Fe with time. These results suggest that micro-PIXE is a useful technique to detect low concentration of toxic elements in microorganisms as well as to monitor their changes as function of growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON-induced X-ray emission
KW  - YEAST
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Cobalt
KW  - Microorganism
KW  - PIXE
KW  - Uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 10644627; Ohnuki, Toshihiko 1; Email Address: ohnuki@sparclt.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Sakamoto, Fuminori 2 Kozai, Naofumi 3 Ozaki, Takuo 1 Narumi, Issei 1 Francis, Arokiasamy J. 4 Iefuji, Haruyuki 5 Sakai, Takuro 6 Kamiya, Tomihiro 6 Satoh, Takahiro 6 Oikawa, Masakazu 6; Affiliation:  1: Research Group for Heavy Elements Microbiology, Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Shirakata-2, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  2: Department of Research Reactor, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Shirakata-2, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  3: Department of Environmental Science, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Shirakata-2, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  4: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: Environmental Research Division, National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan  6: Advanced Radiation Technology Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Watanuki 1233, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 210 Issue 1-4, p378; Subject Term: PROTON-induced X-ray emission; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microorganism; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIXE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uptake; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01067-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10644627&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abreu, M.
AU  - D'Ambrosio, N.
AU  - Bell, W.
AU  - Berglund, P.
AU  - Borchi, E.
AU  - de Boer, W.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Bruzzi, M.
AU  - Buontempo, S.
AU  - Casagrande, L.
AU  - Chapuy, S.
AU  - Cindro, V.
AU  - Devine, S.R.H.
AU  - Dezillie, B.
AU  - Dierlamm, A.
AU  - Dimcovski, Z.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Esposito, A.
AU  - Granata, V.
AU  - Grigoriev, E.
T1  - Recent progress in low-temperature silicon detectors
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 125
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The CERN RD39 Collaboration studies the possibility to extend the detector lifetime in a hostile radiation environment by operating them at low temperatures. The outstanding illustration is the Lazarus effect, which showed a broad operational temperature range around 130 K for neutron irradiated silicon detectors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12245249; Abreu, M. 1 D'Ambrosio, N. 2 Bell, W. 3 Berglund, P. 4 Borchi, E. 5 de Boer, W. 6 Borer, K. 7 Bruzzi, M. 5 Buontempo, S. 2 Casagrande, L. 8 Chapuy, S. 9 Cindro, V. 10 Devine, S.R.H. 3 Dezillie, B. 11 Dierlamm, A. 6 Dimcovski, Z. 9 Eremin, V. 12 Esposito, A. 13 Granata, V. 14 Grigoriev, E. 6; Affiliation:  1: LIP, Av. E. Garcia, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal  2: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá “Federico II” and INFN, I-80125 Napoli, Italy  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK  4: Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland  5: Dipartimento di Energetica, Universitá di Firenze, I-50139 Firenze, Italy  6: IEKP University of Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany  7: Laboratorium für Hochenergiephysik der Universitat Bern, Sidlerstarsse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  8: CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland  9: Department de Radiologie, Universite de Geneve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland  10: Jozef Stefan Institute, Exp. Particle Physics Dep., PO Box 3000, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia  11: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  12: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  13: Physik Department E18, Technische Universitat München, D-85748 Garching, Germany  14: Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 125 Issue 1-3, p169; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hannoun, Noureddine
AU  - Alexiades, Vasilios
AU  - Mai, Tsun Zee
T1  - RESOLVING THE CONTROVERSY OVER TIN AND GALLIUM MELTING IN A RECTANGULAR CAVITY HEATED FROM THE SIDE.
JO  - Numerical Heat Transfer: Part B -- Fundamentals
JF  - Numerical Heat Transfer: Part B -- Fundamentals
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 276
SN  - 10407790
AB  - ''Is the flow monocellular or multicellular?'' This question was first raised by Dantzig 13 years ago. It was about the nature of the fluid flow for the gallium melting problem in a rectangular cavity heated from the side. Following Dantzig's work, several publications have appeared on the same problem, with fewer than a handfull reporting a multicellular structure. To date, all experimental results support the monocellular structure, yet some researchers claim that the monocellular solution is incorrect. A similar controversy was reported for the problem of tin melting, suggested in 1998 as a benchmark problem. Several arguments have been suggested to explain the discrepancies, but there does not seem to be a commonly accepted answer to the problem in the scientific community. In this work, we summarize earlier works and present a grid-refinement study for several discretization schemes with emphasis on tin melting and some results for gallium melting. Simulations are carried out with the enthalpy method. The flow cell structure is analyzed in detail, while some results are provided for the heat transfer and the melting rate. Our results show that the multicellular structure is the correct numerical solution and that the flow structure has a strong influence on other features of the solution. We also provide a detailed discussion of earlier results in order to clarify important issues and bring a final answer to the controversy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Numerical Heat Transfer: Part B -- Fundamentals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - TIN
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
N1  - Accession Number: 10473864; Hannoun, Noureddine 1 Alexiades, Vasilios 2 Mai, Tsun Zee 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  3: Mathematics Department, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 44 Issue 3, p253; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: TIN; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Ray S.
AU  - Lincoln, David E.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Development of gypsy moth larvae feeding on red maple saplings at elevated CO2 and temperature.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 137
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
EP  - 122
SN  - 00298549
AB  - Predicted increases in atmospheric CO2 and global mean temperature may alter important plant-insect associations due to the direct effects of temperature on insect development and the indirect effects of elevated temperature and CO2 enrichment on phytochemicals important for insect success. We investigated the effects of CO2 and temperature on the interaction between gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) larvae and red maple (Acer rubrum L.) saplings by bagging first instar larvae within open-top chambers at four CO2/temperature treatments: (1) ambient temperature, ambient CO2, (2) ambient temperature, elevated CO2 (+300 μl l-1 CO2), (3) elevated temperature (+3.5°C), ambient CO2, and (4) elevated temperature, elevated CO2. Larvae were reared to pupation and leaf samples taken biweekly to determine levels of total N, water, non-structural carbohydrates, and an estimate of defensive phenolic compounds in three age classes of foliage: (1) immature, (2) mid-mature and (3) mature. Elevated growth temperature marginally reduced (P <0.1) leaf N and significantly reduced (P <0.05) leaf water across CO2 treatments in mature leaves, whereas leaves grown at elevated CO2 concentration had a significant decrease in leaf N and a significant increase in the ratio of starch:N and total non-structural carbohydrates:N. Leaf N and water decreased and starch:N and total non-structural carbohydrates:N ratios increased as leaves aged. Phenolics were unaffected by CO2 or temperature treatment. There were no interactive effects of CO2 and temperature on any phytochemical measure. Gypsy moth larvae reached pupation earlier at the elevated temperature (female =8 days, P <0.07; male =7.5 days, P <0.03), whereas mortality and pupal fresh weight of insects were unrelated to either CO2, temperature or their interaction. Our data show that CO2 or temperature-induced alterations in leaf constituents had no effect on insect performance; instead, the long-term exposure to a 3.5°C increase in temperature shortened insect development but had no effect on pupal weight. It appears that in some tree-herbivorous insect systems the direct effects of an increased global mean temperature may have greater consequences for altering plant-insect interactions than the indirect effects of an increased temperature or CO2 concentration on leaf constituents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GYPSY moth
KW  - RED maple
KW  - PHYTOCHEMICALS
KW  - LARVAE
KW  - PHENOLS
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - INSECTS
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - Acer rubrum
KW  - Elevated temperature
KW  - Global climate change
KW  - Lymantria dispar
KW  - Pupal weight
N1  - Accession Number: 16767131; Williams, Ray S. 1; Email Address: willmsrs@appstate.edu Lincoln, David E. 2 Norby, Richard J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, 572 Rivers Street, P. O. Box 32027, Boone, NC, 28608-2027, USA  2: Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 137 Issue 1, p114; Subject Term: GYPSY moth; Subject Term: RED maple; Subject Term: PHYTOCHEMICALS; Subject Term: LARVAE; Subject Term: PHENOLS; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: INSECTS; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acer rubrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elevated temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lymantria dispar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pupal weight; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00442-003-1327-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kevrekidis, P.G.
AU  - Malomed, B.A.
AU  - Saxena, A.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
AU  - Frantzeskakis, D.J.
T1  - Higher-order lattice diffraction: solitons in the discrete NLS equation with next-nearest-neighbor interactions
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 183
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 01672789
AB  - We introduce a general model of a one-dimensional dynamical lattice with the on-site cubic nonlinearity and both nearest-neighbor (NN) and next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) linear interactions between lattice sites (i.e., a generalized discrete nonlinear Schro¨dinger equation). Unlike some previously considered cases, our model includes a complex coefficient of the NNN interaction, which applies, e.g., to optical waveguide arrays, where fields in adjacent cores may be phase shifted. The application to optical arrays is especially important in the case in which the effective lattice diffraction coefficient generated by the NN coupling is close to zero, which may be achieved by means of the so-called diffraction management. Three types of fundamental solitons are considered: site-centered and intersite-centered ones, and twisted localized modes (TLMs). It is found that, with the increase of the imaginary part of the NNN coupling constant, site-centered solitons lose their stability, but then regain it. The instability region disappears if the real part of the NNN coupling constant is negative and sufficiently large. If the site-centered soliton is unstable, it rearranges itself into a quasi-periodic (in time) breathing soliton. Intersite-centered solitons cannot be fully stabilized by the NNN interactions. TLM solitons are stable in a limited parametric region, then they become unstable, and eventually disappear. Direct simulations of the evolution of the intersite-centered solitons and unstable TLMs show that the instability reshapes them into site-centered solitons with intrinsic vibrations (breathers). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - SCHRODINGER equation
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - Discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation
KW  - Next-nearest-neighbor interactions
KW  - Twisted localized modes
N1  - Accession Number: 10570466; Kevrekidis, P.G. 1,2 Malomed, B.A. 2,3,4 Saxena, A. 2; Email Address: abs@viking.lanl.gov Bishop, A.R. 2 Frantzeskakis, D.J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-4515, USA  2: Center for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division, MS B258, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel  4: Optoelectronics Research Centre, Department of Electronics Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong  5: Department of Physics, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos, Athens 15784, Greece; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 183 Issue 1/2, p87; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: SCHRODINGER equation; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Next-nearest-neighbor interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twisted localized modes; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2789(03)00178-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Yoon-Ho
T1  - Two-photon interference without bunching two photons
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 315
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We report an experiment which conclusively demonstrates that the two-photon entangled state interference cannot be pictured as the overlap and ‘bunching’ of two individual photons on a beamsplitter. We also demonstrate that photon ‘bunching’ does not occur if the two-photon Feynman amplitudes are distinguishable, even though individual photons do overlap on a beamsplitter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - 03.65.Bz
KW  - 42.50.Dv
N1  - Accession Number: 10635651; Kim, Yoon-Ho 1; Email Address: yokim@umbc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Computer Science & Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 315 Issue 5, p352; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.65.Bz; Author-Supplied Keyword: 42.50.Dv; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)01114-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ricci, Paolo
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
AU  - Brackbiif, J. U.
T1  - Electron acceleration and heating in collisionless magnetic reconnection.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 3554
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Electron acceleration and heating during collisionless magnetic reconnection is discussed by using the results of implicit kinetic simulations of Harris current sheets. Simulations up to the physical mass ratio are performed to study and compare electron dynamics in plasmas with different β values. The attention is focused on the typical trajectory of electrons passing through the reconnection region, on the electron velocity, in particular on the out-of-plane velocity, and on the electron heating along the in-plane and out-of-plane directions. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - MAGNETIC reconnection
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10625682; Ricci, Paolo 1,2; Email Address: ricci@lanl.gov Lapenta, Giovanni 1,3; Email Address: lapenta@lanl.gov Brackbiif, J. U. 3; Email Address: jub@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Nazionale per Ia Fisica delta Materia (INFM), Unità del Poiitecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24-10129 Torino, Italy.  2: Dipartimento di Energetica, Poiitecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24-10129 Torino, Italy.  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p3554; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: MAGNETIC reconnection; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1598207
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gary, S. Peter
AU  - Nishimura, Kazumi
T1  - Resonant electron firehose instability: Particle-in-cell simulations.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 3571
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Consider a collisionless, homogeneous plasma in which the electron velocity distribution is a bi-Maxwellian with T⊥<T∥, where the subscripts refer to directions relative to the background magnetic field B[sub 0]. If this anisotropy is sufficiently large and the electron β[sub ∥] is sufficiently greater than one, linear dispersion theory predicts that a cyclotron resonant electron firehose instability is excited at propagation oblique to B[sub 0] with growth rates less than the electron cyclotron frequency |Ω[sub e]| and zero real frequency. This theory at constant maximum growth rate yields threshold conditions for this growing mode of the form 1-T[sub ⊥e]/T[sub ∥e]=S[sub e][sup ′]/β[sub ∥e][sup α[sub e][sup ′]], where the two fitting parameters satisfy 1≲Se′≲2 and αe′≲1.0 over 2.0≤β∥e≤25.0. The first particle-in-cell computer simulations of the resonant electron firehose instability are described here. These simulations show that enhanced magnetic field fluctuations reach a maximum value of |δB|[sup 2]/B[sub 0][sup 2] which increases with β[sub ∥e]. These enhanced fields scatter the electrons, reducing their anisotropy approximately to a linear theory threshold condition and yielding a dimensionless scattering rate which increases as β[sub ∥e] increases. These results are consistent with the general principle that, for a given plasma species, scattering by enhanced fluctuations from anisotropy-driven electromagnetic instabilities acts to make the velocity distribution more nearly isotropic as the β[sub ∥] of that species increases.© 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA electrodynamics
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10625680; Gary, S. Peter 1; Email Address: pgary@lanl.gov Nishimura, Kazumi 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p3571; Subject Term: PLASMA electrodynamics; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1590982
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, X. Z.
AU  - Boozer, A. H.
T1  - Equilibrium and resistive steady state of an axisymmetric co-axial helicity injection plasma.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 3661
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Steady state (∂B/∂t=∂v/∂t=0) coaxial helicity injection (CHI) has a purely electrostatic E =-∇[uppercase_phi_synonym](ψ,θ) field. The electrostatic potential implies an E×B flow that scales with the externally imposed voltage and is negligibly affected by plasma dissipation. Both the electrostatic potential and the magnetic configuration in the resistive steady state description can be significantly different from those in a Grad-Shafranov open field line equilibrium for CHI discharges. The B×∇[uppercase_phi_synonym] flow in a resistive steady state induces localized perpendicular current for force balance with the plasma inertia. The perpendicular current can drive far stronger parallel current that is localized poloidally on a flux surface. This effect is pronounced for CHI discharges because the desirable CHI hollow current profile has interior high q and there is a magnetic X point in the neighborhood of the absorber, where a large ψ gradient of q and poloidal field strength exists. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10625669; Tang, X. Z. 1; Email Address: xtang@lanl.gov Boozer, A. H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p3661; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599358
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, G. R.
AU  - Vesey, R. A.
AU  - Cuneo, M. F.
AU  - Porter, J. L.
AU  - Jr.
AU  - Adams, R. G.
AU  - Aragon, R. A.
AU  - Rambo, P. K.
AU  - Rovang, D. C.
AU  - Ruggles, L. F.
AU  - Simpson, W. W.
AU  - Smith, I. C.
AU  - Speas, C. S.
AU  - Struve, K. W.
AU  - Wenger, D. F.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
T1  - Symmetric inertial confinement fusion capsule implosions in a high-yield-scale double-Z-pinch-driven hohlraum on Z.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 3717
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Detailed radiation-hydrodynamics calculations indicate that the dual-63-MA Z-pinch high-yield (HY) 220-eV inertial confinement fusion concept [Phys. Plasmas 6, 2129 (1999)] may release 400 MJ of fusion yield, if pulse shaping, capsule preheat, and x-radiation drive uniformity can be acceptably controlled. Radiation symmetry is under detailed investigation in an advanced, 70-eV HY-scale scoping hohlraum [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 215004 (2002)] driven by the single 20-MA power feed of Sandia National Laboratories’ Z accelerator. The time-averaged polar radiation asymmetry, 〈ΔI〉/I, is inferred from direct distortion measurements of an imploding capsule’s limb-darkened (“backlit”) shell, via 6.7 keV point projection x-ray imaging. Thus far, 〈ΔI〉/I has been measured at the 3.0±1.4 (%) level, on the best shots, in hohlraums (cylindrical) with length/radius ratios L/R of 1.61 and 1.69, either side of a L/R=1.66 predicted optimum for a zeroed P[sub 2] Legendre mode. Simulations suggest that when scaled to 220 eV with zeroed odd Legendre modes, relevant to the best fraction of shots on a dual power-feed HY accelerator, the increased hohlraum wall albedo would reduce the field asymmetry to the 0.9% level; thus approaching the uniformity requirements of high-yield ignition. Future studies at L/R=1.66 will include refinements in experimental methods and image analysis techniques (denoising), and the measured symmetry is anticipated to improve further. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SANDIA National Laboratories
N1  - Accession Number: 10625663; Bennett, G. R. 1; Email Address: grbenne@sandia.gov Vesey, R. A. 1 Cuneo, M. F. 1 Porter, J. L. Jr. 1 Adams, R. G. 1 Aragon, R. A. 1 Rambo, P. K. 1 Rovang, D. C. 1 Ruggles, L. F. 1 Simpson, W. W. 1 Smith, I. C. 1 Speas, C. S. 1 Struve, K. W. 1 Wenger, D. F. 1 Landen, O. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 871 85-1106.  2: Lawrence Livennore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p3717; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Company/Entity: SANDIA National Laboratories; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1594723
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cohen, S. A.
AU  - Siefert, N. S.
AU  - Stange, S.
AU  - Boivin, R. F
AU  - Scime, F. F.
AU  - Levinton, F M.
T1  - Publisher’s Note: “Ion acceleration in plasmas emerging from a helicon-heated magnetic-mirror device” [Phys. Plasmas 10, 2593 (2003)].
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 10
IS  - 9
M3  - Correction Notice
SP  - 3804
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Presents corrections to the article "Ion Acceleration in Plasmas Emerging From a Helicon-Heated Magnetic-Mirror Device" published in the journal Physics of Plasmas, vol. 10.
KW  - ION accelerators
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PHYSICS of Plasmas (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 10625650; Cohen, S. A. 1; Email Address: scohen@pppl.gov Siefert, N. S. 1 Stange, S. 1 Boivin, R. F 2 Scime, F. F. 2 Levinton, F M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  2: West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia 26506.  3: NOVA Photonics, Inc., Princeton, New Jersey 08540.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 10 Issue 9, p3804; Subject Term: ION accelerators; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Reviews & Products: PHYSICS of Plasmas (Periodical); Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction Notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606211
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Yu Seung
AU  - Dong, Limin
AU  - Hickner, Michael A.
AU  - Pivovar, Bryan S.
AU  - McGrath, James E.
T1  - Processing induced morphological development in hydrated sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer membranes
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 44
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5729
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The development of morphological solid-state structures in sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers (acid form) by hydrothermal treatment was investigated by water uptake, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM). The water uptake and DMA studies suggested that the materials have three irreversible morphological regimes, whose intervals are controlled by copolymer composition and hydrothermal treatment temperature. Ambient temperature treatment of the membranes afforded a structure denoted as Regime1. When the copolymer membranes were exposed to a higher temperature, AFM revealed a morphology (Regime2) where the phase contrast and domain connectivity of the hydrophilic phase of the copolymers were greatly increased. A yet higher treatment temperature was defined which yielded a third regime, likely related to viscoelastic relaxations associated with the hydrated glass transition temperature (hydrated <f>Tg</f>). The required temperatures needed to produce transitions from Regime1 to Regime2 or Regime3 decreased with increasing degree of disulfonation. These temperatures correspond to the percolation and hydrogel temperatures, respectively. Poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer membranes with a 40% disulfonation in Regime2 under fully hydrated conditions showed similar proton conductivity (∼0.1 S/cm) to the well-known perfluorinated copolymer Nafion® 1135 but exhibited higher modulus and water uptake. The proton conductivity and storage modulus are discussed in terms of each of the morphological regimes and compared with Nafion 1135. The results are of particular interest for either hydrogen or direct methanol fuel cells where conductivity and membrane permeability are critical issues. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - PERCOLATION
KW  - Disulfonated polysulfone copolymers
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Proton exchange membrane
N1  - Accession Number: 10569049; Kim, Yu Seung 1 Dong, Limin 1 Hickner, Michael A. 1 Pivovar, Bryan S. 2 McGrath, James E. 1; Email Address: jmcgrath@vt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Institute for Polymeric Materials and Interfaces, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2108 Hahn Hall (0344), Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  2: MST-11: Electronic Materials and Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 44 Issue 19, p5729; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: PERCOLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disulfonated polysulfone copolymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton exchange membrane; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00580-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baer, Donald R.
AU  - Burrows, Paul E.
AU  - El-Azab, Anter A.
T1  - Enhancing coating functionality using nanoscience and nanotechnology
JO  - Progress in Organic Coatings
JF  - Progress in Organic Coatings
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 47
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 342
SN  - 03009440
AB  - Nanoscience is currently enabling evolutionary changes in several technology areas but new paradigms will eventually have a much wider and revolutionary impact. In the area of coatings, new approaches utilizing nanoscale effects can be used to create coatings with significantly optimized or enhanced properties. The ultimate impact of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the area of coatings, and other potential application areas, will depend on our ability to direct the assembly of hierarchical systems that include nanostructures. Two fundamentally different approaches to direct self-assembly are discussed. One approach involves ordering existing identifiable components into the desired coating or structures. The second approach involves the formation of new structures during the coating process. Potential impacts of nanostructure properties on film characteristics and applications are discussed with a focus on coating reactivity, corrosion resistance, strength and durability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Organic Coatings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - CORROSION resistant materials
KW  - Enhancing coating functionality
KW  - Nanoscience
KW  - Nanotechnology
KW  - Oxide nanostructures
KW  - Self assembly
N1  - Accession Number: 11607119; Baer, Donald R.; Email Address: don.baer@pnl.gov Burrows, Paul E. 1 El-Azab, Anter A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 47 Issue 3/4, p342; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: CORROSION resistant materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enhancing coating functionality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoscience; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanotechnology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxide nanostructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self assembly; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0300-9440(03)00127-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smarsly, B.
AU  - Garnweitner, G.
AU  - Assink, R.
AU  - Brinker, C. Jeffrey
T1  - Preparation and characterization of mesostructured polymer-functionalized sol–gel-derived thin films
JO  - Progress in Organic Coatings
JF  - Progress in Organic Coatings
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 47
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 03009440
AB  - The present study attempts to incorporate methacrylate-based polymers into ordered lamellar organic/inorganic nanocomposite films composed of alternating SiO2/polymer layers. The films are prepared by dip-coating from a solution containing the monomers and silica precursors, thus leading to composite lamellar mesostructured materials through evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA). A polymerizable coupling agent is added to covalently link the polymers to the silica matrix. The final polymer/SiO2 hybrid material is obtained by a separate free-radical polymerization step, initiated by UV exposure or thermal treatment. Using trimethoxy(7-octen-1-yl)silane as a coupling agent, a procedure was established that preserved the mesostructure and maintained the swelling properties of the polymers, while acrylate-based coupling agents lead to a significant distortion of the film mesostructure. Structure and composition of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction, NMR and IR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Organic Coatings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHYL methacrylate
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - Free-radical polymerization
KW  - Hydrogel nanocomposites
KW  - Nanocomposite thin films
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 11607124; Smarsly, B. 1 Garnweitner, G. 1 Assink, R. 2 Brinker, C. Jeffrey 1,2; Email Address: cjbrink@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of New Mexico, Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Advanced Materials Laboratory, 1001 University Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1349, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 47 Issue 3/4, p393; Subject Term: METHYL methacrylate; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-radical polymerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogel nanocomposites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocomposite thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2003.08.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Donley, M.S.
AU  - Mantz, R.A.
AU  - Khramov, A.N.
AU  - Balbyshev, V.N.
AU  - Kasten, L.S.
AU  - Gaspar, D.J.
T1  - The self-assembled nanophase particle (SNAP) process: a nanoscience approach to coatings
JO  - Progress in Organic Coatings
JF  - Progress in Organic Coatings
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 47
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
SN  - 03009440
AB  - In the corrosion protection of aluminum-skinned aircraft, surface pretreatment and cleaning are critical steps in protecting aerospace alloys from corrosion. Our recent discovery of a revolutionary new method of forming functionalized silica nanoparticles in situ in an aqueous-based sol–gel process, and then crosslinking the nanoparticles to form a thin film, is an excellent example of a nanoscience approach to coatings. This coating method is called the self-assembled nanophase particle (SNAP) process.The SNAP coating process consists of three stages: (1) sol–gel processing; (2) SNAP solution mixing; (3) SNAP coating application and cure. Here, we report on key parameters in the ‘sol–gel processing’ and the ‘coating application and cure’ stages in the GPTMS/TMOS system. The SNAP process is discussed from the formation of the nanosized macromolecules to the coating application and curing process.The ‘sol–gel processing’ stage involves hydrolysis and condensation reactions and is controlled by the solution pH and water content. Here, the molar ratio of water to hydrolysable silane is a key factor. SNAP solutions have been investigated by NMR, IR, light scattering, and GPC to identify molecular condensation structures formed as a function of aging time in the solution. In moderate pH and high water content solutions, hydrolysis occurs rapidly and condensation kinetic conditions are optimized to generate nanophase siloxane macromolecules.In the ‘SNAP solution mixing’ stage, crosslinking agents and additives are added to the solution, which is then applied to a substrate by dip-coating to form the SNAP coating. The chemical structure and morphology of the films have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). SNAP films are amorphous but exhibit nanostructured assembly of siloxane oligomers at a separation of about 1.8 nm as well as molecular level ordering of O–Si–O species. The surface analytical data indicate that the films retain the basic chemical arrangement of the siloxane macromolecules/oligomers and crosslinking process creates a network of siloxane oligomers tethered together. Results of these analyses are then used to construct a model of the SNAP coating. Results of these analyses are discussed in detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Organic Coatings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - AEROSPACE engineering
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Nanophase
KW  - Self-assembly
KW  - SNAP
KW  - Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 11607125; Donley, M.S. 1 Mantz, R.A. 1 Khramov, A.N. 2 Balbyshev, V.N. 2 Kasten, L.S. 3; Email Address: linda.kasten@wpafb.af.mil Gaspar, D.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Coatings Research Group, Nonmetallic Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratories, Nonstructural Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433-7750, USA  2: Universal Technology Corp., 1270 North Fairfield Road, Dayton, OH 45432-2600, USA  3: University of Dayton Research Institute, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469-0168, USA  4: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 47 Issue 3/4, p401; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: AEROSPACE engineering; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanophase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: SNAP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2003.08.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greensite, J.
T1  - The confinement problem in lattice gauge theory
JO  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
JF  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 51
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01466410
AB  - I review investigations of the quark confinement mechanism that have been carried out in the framework of SU(N) lattice gauge theory. The special role of <F>ZN</F> center symmetry is emphasized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARK confinement
KW  - LATTICE gauge theories
KW  - SYMMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 10644433; Greensite, J. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Astronomy Department, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA  2: Theory Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: QUARK confinement; Subject Term: LATTICE gauge theories; Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Number of Pages: 83p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timothy J. Coutts
AU  - J. Scott Ward
AU  - David L. Young
AU  - Keith A. Emery
AU  - Timothy A. Gessert
AU  - Rommel Noufi
T1  - Critical issues in the design of polycrystalline, thin-film tandem solar cells (This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the U.S.A.).
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
EP  - 375
SN  - 10627995
AB  - We use an empirical technique for modeling the efficiency of thin-film tandem solar cells and calculate an approximate upper limit on the range of performance of these hypothetical devices. This is shown to be approximately 28.2%, without losses due to inactive layers at the front of the device, or other parasitic sources. Reduction of the value of the reverse saturation current density by a factor of ten, increases the lossless efficiency by approximately 4% absolute. This change also greatly broadens the range of top and bottom cell bandgaps that would lead to efficiencies greater than 25%, the project goal. These observations emphasize the critical importance of focusing future research on gaining a thorough understanding of recombination losses. We then calculate daily energy density outputs for various direct spectra, computed from meteorological data, and show that the optimum bandgap pairs are relatively insensitive to the detail of the spectral irradiance. We also show that the use of daily energy density output may be a more useful criterion than efficiency in designing tandem thin-film solar cells. We compute contours of equal daily energy density output and show that the range of potentially suitable bandgap pairs is much larger than simple maximization of efficiency implies. The simple parametric approach enables us to investigate the effect of partial loss of photons with energies less than that of the bandgap of the top cell, but greater than that of the bottom cell. These photons are essential to the project goal of 25% efficiency, which emphasizes the need to evaluate the optical properties in this wavelength range very carefully. We also discuss the reduction of the thickness, or the area, of the top cell. When the top subcell generates a greater current than the bottom subcell, either of these parameters may be reduced to enable current-matching, and increased efficiencies, to be achieved. Again, this approach greatly extends the range of bandgaps that could lead to a 25% tandem thin-film cell. Next, we consider the case of concentrated sunlight and show that the optimum bandgap pairs decrease with concentration ratio. This is due to the atmospheric absorption bands. The efficiency increases by approximately 4% absolute per decade increase in concentration ratio. Finally, we comment on some of the practical difficulties that can already be anticipated in constructing these devices. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Thin film devices
KW  - Polycrystalline semiconductors
KW  - Empirical research
N1  - Accession Number: 20650093; Timothy J. Coutts 1; J. Scott Ward 1; David L. Young 1; Keith A. Emery 1; Timothy A. Gessert 1; Rommel Noufi 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p359; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Subject Term: Thin film devices; Subject Term: Polycrystalline semiconductors; Subject Term: Empirical research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D. E. Carlson
AU  - R. Romero
AU  - F. Willing
AU  - D. Meakin
AU  - L. Gonzalez
AU  - R. Murphy
AU  - H. R. Moutinho
AU  - M. Al-Jassim
T1  - Corrosion effects in thin-film photovoltaic modules.
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 386
SN  - 10627995
AB  - Electrochemical corrosion effects can occur in thin-film photovoltaic (PV) modules that are fabricated on tin-oxide-coated glass when operating at high voltages and at elevated temperatures in a humid climate. The current study shows that this corrosion is associated with a delamination of the tin oxide layer from the glass, which is caused by sodium accumulation near the interface between the tin oxide and the glass and by the ingression of moisture into the PV module from the edges. This corrosion in thin-film PV modules can be significantly reduced by altering the growth conditions of the tin oxide or by using zinc oxide as a transparent conductive oxide electrode. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Electrolytic corrosion
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Zinc oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 20650094; D. E. Carlson 1; R. Romero 1; F. Willing 1; D. Meakin 1; L. Gonzalez 1; R. Murphy 1; H. R. Moutinho 2; M. Al-Jassim 2; Affiliations: 1: BP Solar, 3600 LaGrange Parkway, Toano, VA 23168, USA; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p377; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic cells; Subject Term: Electrolytic corrosion; Subject Term: Thin films; Subject Term: Zinc oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Thomas D.
AU  - Reydon, Thomas
AU  - Harpending, Henry
AU  - Macey, J. Robert
AU  - Foster, Susan A.
AU  - Hansen, Thomas F.
AU  - Shapiro, Robert
T1  - GENETICS & EVOLUTION.
JO  - Quarterly Review of Biology
JF  - Quarterly Review of Biology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 78
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
PB  - University of Chicago Press
SN  - 00335770
AB  - Discusses the book "Bioinformatics- From Genomes to Drugs," vol.I "Basic Technologies," vol.II "Applications, Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry," vol. 15, edited by Thomas Lengauex. Importance of the book in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry; Biases in the field of bioinformatics; Type of help that bioinformatic professionals, would get from the book.
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - DRUGS
KW  - PHARMACEUTICAL chemistry
KW  - LENGAUEX, Thomas
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11279276; Wu, Thomas D. 1 Reydon, Thomas 2 Harpending, Henry 3 Macey, J. Robert 4 Foster, Susan A. 5 Hansen, Thomas F. 6 Shapiro, Robert 7; Affiliation:  1: Bioinformatics, Genentech, Incorporated, South San Francisco, California.  2: Institute for Evolutionary & Ecological Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.  3: Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.  4: Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Walnut Creek, California.  5: Biology, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts.  6: Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.  7: Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 78 Issue 3, p356; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: DRUGS; Subject Term: PHARMACEUTICAL chemistry; Reviews & Products: BIOINFORMATICS (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); People: LENGAUEX, Thomas; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Waste in Ecological Economics: Edited by Katy Bisson, John Proops, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA. 224 pp.; Hardback, ISBN 1 84064 648 9
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 185
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 10694800; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Energy Technical Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-4000 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p185; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(03)00067-3
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christen, H. M.
AU  - Rouleau, C. M.
AU  - Ohkubo, I.
AU  - Zhai, H. Y.
AU  - Lee, H. N.
AU  - Sathyamurthy, S.
AU  - Lowndes, D. H.
T1  - An improved continuous compositional-spread technique based on pulsed-laser deposition and applicable to large substrate areas.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 74
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4058
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A method for continuous compositional-spread (CCS) thin-film fabrication based on pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) is introduced. This approach is based on a translation of the substrate heater and the synchronized firing of the excimer laser, with the deposition occurring through a slit-shaped aperture. Alloying is achieved during film growth (possible at elevated temperature) by the repeated sequential deposition of submonolayer amounts. Our approach overcomes serious shortcomings in previous in situ implementation of CCS based on sputtering or PLD, in particular the variation of thickness across the compositional spread and the differing deposition energetics as a function of position. While moving-shutter techniques are appropriate for PLD approaches yielding complete spreads on small substrates (i.e., small as compared to distances over which the deposition parameters in PLD vary, typically ≈1 cm), our method can be used to fabricate samples that are large enough for individual compositions to be analyzed by conventional techniques, including temperature-dependent measurements of resistivity and dielectric and magnetic properties (i.e., superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry). Initial results are shown for spreads of (Sr[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x])RuO[sub 3]. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - SOLID freeform fabrication
KW  - CHROMOGENIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 10612656; Christen, H. M. 1; Email Address: christenhm@ornl.gov Rouleau, C. M. 1 Ohkubo, I. 1 Zhai, H. Y. 1 Lee, H. N. 1 Sathyamurthy, S. 1 Lowndes, D. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6056.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 74 Issue 9, p4058; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: SOLID freeform fabrication; Subject Term: CHROMOGENIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1602962
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qian, X.-M.
AU  - Zhang, T.
AU  - Chang, C.
AU  - Wang, P.
AU  - Ng, C. Y.
AU  - Yu-Hui Chiu
AU  - Levandier, Dale J.
AU  - Miller, J. Scott
AU  - Dressler, Rainer A.
AU  - Baer, Tomas
AU  - Peterka, Darcy S.
T1  - High-resolution state-selected ion-molecule reaction studies using pulsed field ionization photoelectron-secondary ion coincidence method.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 74
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4096
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have developed an octopole-quadrupole photoionization apparatus at the Advanced Light Source for absolute integral cross-section measurements of rovibrational-state-selected ion-molecule reactions. This apparatus consists of a high-resolution photoionization ion source, a wired ion gate lens, a dual radio-frequency (rf) octopole ion guide reaction gas cell, and a quadrupole mass spectrometer for reactant and product ion detection. The unique feature of this apparatus is the implementation of the high-resolution pulsed field ionization-photoelectron (PFI-PE)-photoion coincidence (PFI-PEPICO) technique, which has allowed the rotational-state selection of diatomic ions for ion-molecule reaction studies. The novel application of the wired ion gate lens for the rejection of false coincidence background ions is described. This application, along with the differential-ion-gate scheme, has made possible the measurements of rovibrational-state-selected absolute integral reaction cross sections for ion-molecule collisions using the PFI-PE-secondary ion coincidence (PFI-PESICO) method. The successful measurement of absolute state-selected cross sections for H[sub 2][sup +](X,v[sup +],N[sup +])+Ar(Ne) with v[sup +] up to 17 [the third to the last vibrational state of H[sub 2][sup +](X)] demonstrates the high sensitivity of this differential-ion-gate PFI-PESICO method. In order to gain a detailed understanding and to obtain optimal performance of the wired ion gate lens for PFI-PESICO measurements, we have carried out ion trajectory calculations of reactant ions between the photoionization region and the rf-octopole ion guide. On the basis of these calculations, possible future improvements for the application of this differential-ion-gate PFI-PESICO scheme are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - ION sources
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ADVANCED Light Source (Company)
N1  - Accession Number: 10612651; Qian, X.-M. 1 Zhang, T. 1 Chang, C. 1 Wang, P. 1 Ng, C. Y. 1; Email Address: cyng@chem.ucdavis.edu Yu-Hui Chiu 2 Levandier, Dale J. 2 Miller, J. Scott 3 Dressler, Rainer A. 3; Email Address: Rainer.Dressler@hanscorn.af.mil Baer, Tomas 4 Peterka, Darcy S. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616.  2: Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College, Newton, Massachusetts 02159.  3: Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts 01 731-3010.  4: Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 2 7599-3290.  5: Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley California 94720.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 74 Issue 9, p4096; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Company/Entity: ADVANCED Light Source (Company); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599071
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
AU  - Adams, Wendy M.
T1  - Plant reestablishment 15 years after the debris avalanche at Mount St. Helens, Washington
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 313
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 00489697
AB  - Vegetation has slowly reestablished on the debris avalanche deposit in the 15 years after the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens that created a 60-km2 debris avalanche, the largest landslide in recorded history. There has been a gradual increase in species richness and cover, but only 61% of the species present on the mountain before the eruption have established on the debris avalanche deposit. Plant cover averages 38% and is extremely patchy. Life form composition changed over successional time, because part of the avalanche deposit was invaded by introduced plant species aerially seeded to reduce erosion, the site offers the opportunity to compare successional processes occurring with and without introduced species. Long-term recovery trends and effects of nonnative species on succession are important to understand since plant reestablishment practices often rely on nonnative species for enhancing vegetation recovery of denuded sites along road sides, strip mines, or other human-generated clearing. Fifteen years after the eruption and 10 years since the invasion by introduced species, plots invaded by nonnative species had greater vegetation cover and more native plant richness than plots that were not inundated. Significantly greater mortality of conifers occurred in the plots dominated by introduced species shortly after the invasion of those species, but no difference in conifer mortality occurred in the last 5 years. Even so, the plots dominated by introduced species still have fewer conifer trees. Thus, the short-term pulse of conifer mortality after the invasion of introduced species may have long-term effects on the recovery of the dominant vegetation. It will likely be decades before there is 100% plant cover on the debris avalanche deposit and a century or more before full recovery of the vegetation system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - VOLCANOES
KW  - VEGETATION & climate
KW  - AVALANCHES
KW  - Life form
KW  - Nonnative invasive plants
KW  - Recovery
KW  - Succession
KW  - Volcano
N1  - Accession Number: 10504205; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Email Address: dalevh@ornl.gov Adams, Wendy M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA  2: School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 313 Issue 1-3, p101; Subject Term: VOLCANOES; Subject Term: VEGETATION & climate; Subject Term: AVALANCHES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life form; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonnative invasive plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Succession; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volcano; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00332-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Anne
T1  - Driving the Need for Computing Power and Speed.
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 20
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Reports on the innovation in technical computing systems used in scientific laboratories.  Integration of silicon chips on digital electronic computers; Increase in computing speed and methods of operation with the different types of architecture; Value of supercomputers to the laboratory environment.
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - LABORATORIES
N1  - Accession Number: 10890008; Fitzpatrick, Anne 1; Email Address: editor@scimag.com; Affiliation:  1: Computer and Computations Sciences Division, Los Alamos national Laboratory; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 20 Issue 10, p20; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wongpreedee, K.
AU  - Russell, A.M.
AU  - Chumbley, L.S.
T1  - Thermal stability of deformation processed gold–silver composite
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 13596462
AB  - An Au–14 at.% Ag filamentary composite was annealed at 563, 573, and 583 K. Electrical resistivity was used as a measure of the degree of transformation from the initial metastable nano-filamentary microstructure to the equilibrium solid solution microstructure. The activation energy of this transformation was determined to be 141 kJ/mol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GOLD alloys
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - Composites
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Gold
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Resistivity
N1  - Accession Number: 10058759; Wongpreedee, K. 1 Russell, A.M.; Email Address: russell@iastate.edu Chumbley, L.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 3109 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p399; Subject Term: GOLD alloys; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00209-4
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, X.K.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Sergueeva, A.V.
AU  - Mukherjee, A.K.
AU  - Scattergood, R.O.
AU  - Narayan, J.
AU  - Koch, C.C.
T1  - Synthesis of bulk nanostructured Zn by combinations of cryomilling and powder consolidation by room temperature milling: optimizing mechanical properties
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 13596462
AB  - A new technique is used to synthesize nanocrystalline Zn, i.e. cryomilling followed by in situ consolidation of the powders by room temperature ball milling. The room temperature milling appears to sharpen the broad grain size distribution obtained by cryomilling only. Strength and ductility may be optimized in this way by the control of grain size and grain size distribution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - MILLING (Metalwork)
KW  - Mechanical milling
KW  - Nanocrystalline
KW  - Tension test
N1  - Accession Number: 10058764; Zhu, X.K. 1 Zhang, X. 2; Email Address: zhangx@lanl.gov Wang, H. 2 Sergueeva, A.V. 3 Mukherjee, A.K. 3 Scattergood, R.O. 4 Narayan, J. 4 Koch, C.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p429; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: MILLING (Metalwork); Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical milling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tension test; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00297-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chu, J.P.
AU  - Chiang, C.L.
AU  - Mahalingam, T.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Plastic flow and tensile ductility of a bulk amorphous Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5 alloy at 700 K
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Tensile deformation behavior of a Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5 bulk metallic glass at 700 K (in the supercooled liquid region) was investigated at strain rates ranging from 3 × 10−3 to 3 × 10−2 s−1. The material exhibited excellent mechanical formability with a maximum elongation of ∼800%. Structures of the material, both before and after deformation, were examined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM alloys
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - Ductility
KW  - Metallic glass
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Superplasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 10058765; Chu, J.P. 1; Email Address: jpchu@mail.ntou.edu.tw Chiang, C.L. 1 Mahalingam, T. 1 Nieh, T.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Materials Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p435; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM alloys; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superplasticity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00302-6
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
AU  - Staley, Martin F.
T1  - Wave Structure and Nonlinear Balances in a Family of Evolutionary PDEs.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 380
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15360040
AB  - We investigate the following family of evolutionary of 1+1 PDEs that describes the balance between convection and stretching for small viscosity in the dynamics of one-dimensional nonlinear waves in fluids: ... Here u = g * m denotes U(x) = ∫&ifin;-∞g(x-y)m(y) dy. This convolution (or filtering) relates velocity u to momentum density m by integration against the kernel g(x). we shall choose g(x) to be an even function so that u and m have the dame parity under spatial reflection. When v=0, this equations is both reversible in time and parity invariant. We shall study the effects of the balance parameter and the kernel g(x) on the solitary wave structures and investigate their interactions analytically for v=0 and numerically for small or zero viscosity. This family of equations admits the classic Burgers "ramps and cliffs" solutions, which are stable for -1 <b <1 with small velocity. For b< -1, the Burgers ramps and cliffs are unsuitable. The stable solutions for b < -1 moves leftward instead of rightward and tends to a stationary profile. When m = u - α²uxx and v = 0, this profile is given by u(x) ... sech² (x/(2α)) for b = -2 and by u(x) ... sech (x/α for b = -3. For b > 1, the Burgers ramps and cliffs are again unsuitable. The stable solitary travelling wave for b > 1 and v = o is the "pulson" u(x,t) = cg(x - ct), which restricts to the "peakon" in the special case g)x) = e-lxl/α when m = u - α²uxx. Nonlinear interactions among these pulsons or peakons are governed by the superposition of solutions for b > 1 and v = 0, ... These pulson solutions obey a finite-dimensional dynamical system for the time-dependent speeds pi(t) and positions qi(t). we study the pulson and peakon interactions analytically, and we determine their fate numerically under adding viscosity. Finally, as outlook, we propose an n-dimensional vector version of this evolutionary equation with convection and stretching, namely ... for a defining relation, u = G * m. These solutions show quasi-one-dimensional behavior for n,k = 2,1 that we find numerically to be stable for b = 2. The corresponding superposed solutions of the vector b-equation in n dimensions exists, with coordinates X &lsin; Rn, s &lsin; Rk, n - k > 0, and 2N parameters Pi(s,t), Qi(s,t) &lsin; Rn, ... There are momentum surfaces (or filaments for k = 1), defined on surfaces (or curves) x = Qi(s,t), i = 1,2,…,N. For b = 2, the Pi(s,t), Qi(s,t) &lsin; Rn satisfy cannonical Hamiltonian equations for geodesic motion on the space of n-vector valued k-surfaces with cometric G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR waves
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - CONVOLUTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - conservation laws
KW  - Hamilton's principle
KW  - Hamiltonian structures
KW  - Hamiltonian systems on groups of diffeomorphisms and on manifolds of mappings and metrics
KW  - invariant manifolds and their bifurcations
KW  - reduction
KW  - reverse symmetries
KW  - symmetries
KW  - symmetries and conservation laws
KW  - variational principles
N1  - Accession Number: 14600856; Holm, Darryl D. 1,2; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov Staley, Martin F. 1; Email Address: mstaley@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center of Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Amos, NM  2: Mathematics Department, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 2 Issue 3, p323; Subject Term: NONLINEAR waves; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: CONVOLUTIONS (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: conservation laws; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamilton's principle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamiltonian structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamiltonian systems on groups of diffeomorphisms and on manifolds of mappings and metrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: invariant manifolds and their bifurcations; Author-Supplied Keyword: reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: reverse symmetries; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetries; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetries and conservation laws; Author-Supplied Keyword: variational principles; Number of Pages: 58p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1111111102410943
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, Stephen J.
AU  - Dennis, John M.
AU  - Tufo, Henry M.
AU  - Fischer, Paul F.
T1  - A SCHWARZ PRECONDITIONER FOR THE CUBED-SPHERE.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 442
EP  - 453
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - A spectral element formulation of the atmospheric two-dimensional shallow water equations on the cubed-sphere is described. The equations are written in tensor form using the contravariant and covariant velocity components. A semi-implicit time discretization results in a reduced Schur complement system for the pressure. The Laplacian operator is approximated by the L2 pseudo-Laplacian arising in the PN/PN-2 spectral element formulation of the incompressible Stokes problem. The overlapping Schwarz preconditioner of Fischer, Miller, and Tufo [An overlapping Schwarz method for spectral element simulation of three-dimensional incompressible flows, in Parallel Solution of Partial Differential Equations, IMA Vol. Math. Appl. 120, Springer, New York, 2000, pp. 159–180] based on the fast diagonalization method, is extended to generalized curvilinear coordinates. To obtain a separable operator for the linear finite element tensor-product approximation within each spectral element, extrema of the inverse metric tensor and its determinant are employed. Convergence rates and parallel CPU timings are compared against a block-Jacobi preconditioner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CURVILINEAR coordinates
KW  - TENSOR products
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - SPHERICAL harmonics
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC models
KW  - cubed-sphere
KW  - semi-implicit
KW  - shallow water equations
KW  - spectral element
N1  - Accession Number: 12217080; Thomas, Stephen J. 1; Email Address: thomas@ucar.edu Dennis, John M. 1; Email Address: Dennis@ucar.edu Tufo, Henry M. 2; Email Address: tufo@mcs.anl.gov Fischer, Paul F. 2; Email Address: fisher@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Table Mesa Drive, Boulder  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Cass Avenue Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p442; Subject Term: CURVILINEAR coordinates; Subject Term: TENSOR products; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: SPHERICAL harmonics; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC models; Author-Supplied Keyword: cubed-sphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: semi-implicit; Author-Supplied Keyword: shallow water equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral element; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, P. N.
AU  - Lee, B.
AU  - Manteuffel, T. A.
T1  - A MOMENT-PARITY MULTIGRID PRECONDITIONER FOR THE FIRST-ORDER SYSTEM LEAST-SQUARES FORMULATION OF THE BOLTZMANN TRANSPORT EQUATION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
EP  - 533
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - This paper describes a preconditioned conjugate gradient scheme for the Pn - h finite element discretization of a first-order system least-squares (FOSLS) formulation of the Boltzmann transport equation. The preconditioner is based on the norm equivalence between the FOSLS functional and a V norm. Its realization is an inexact inversion of the system of partial differential equations corresponding to this V norm. This preconditioner is essentially a moment-parity multigrid solver. It involves a 2 × 2 block diagonal system with each block describing only the interior like-parity coupling (even-even or odd-odd) of the spherical harmonic coefficients or moments. The interior cross-parity coupling is handled in the outer conjugate gradient iteration. Since the like-parity coupling consists of only second- and zeroth-order differential terms, whereas the full Pn system consists also of cross-parity, first-order coupling terms, the construction of a robust multigrid algorithm for each diagonal block is easier than the construction for the full Pn system. Numerical results indicate that this preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm is more robust than a stand-alone multigrid solver for the full Pn system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - CONJUGATE gradient methods
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Boltzmann transport equation
KW  - first-order system least-squares
KW  - multigrid method
KW  - PDE system
KW  - preconditioned conjugate gradient
N1  - Accession Number: 12217029; Brown, P. N. 1; Email Address: pnbrown@llnl.gov Lee, B. 1; Email Address: lee123@llnl.gov Manteuffel, T. A. 2; Email Address: tmanteu@boulder.colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  2: Department of Applied Mathematics, Campus, University of Colorado, Boulder; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p513; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: CONJUGATE gradient methods; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boltzmann transport equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: first-order system least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: multigrid method; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDE system; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioned conjugate gradient; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Peter N.
AU  - Vassilevski, Panayot S.
AU  - Woodward, Carol S.
T1  - ON MESH-INDEPENDENT CONVERGENCE OF AN INEXACT NEWTON--MULTIGRID ALGORITHM.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 570
EP  - 590
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - In this paper we revisit and prove optimal-order and mesh-independent convergence of an inexact Newton method where the linear Jacobian systems are solved with multigrid techniques. This convergence is shown using Banach spaces and the norm max{.  ·.  1, .  ·.  0,∞}, a stronger norm than is used in previous work. These results are valid for a class of second-order, semilinear, finite element, elliptic problems posed on quasi-uniform grids. Numerical results are given which validate the theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - JACOBIAN matrices
KW  - QUASIUNIFORM spaces
KW  - finite elements
KW  - inexact Newton multigrid
KW  - optimal order and mesh independent convergence
KW  - semilinear elliptic problems
N1  - Accession Number: 12217074; Brown, Peter N. 1; Email Address: pnbrown@llnl.gov Vassilevski, Panayot S. 1; Email Address: panayot@llnl.gov Woodward, Carol S. 1; Email Address: cswoodward@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p570; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: JACOBIAN matrices; Subject Term: QUASIUNIFORM spaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: inexact Newton multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimal order and mesh independent convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: semilinear elliptic problems; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BOchev, Pavel B.
AU  - Garasi, Christopher J.
AU  - Hu, Jonathan J.
AU  - Robinson, Allen C.
AU  - Tuminaro, Raymond S.
T1  - AN IMPROVED ALGEBRAIC MULTIGRID METHOD FOR SOLVING MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 623
EP  - 642
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We propose two improvements to the Reitzinger and Schöberl algebraic multigrid (AMG) method for solving the eddy current approximations to Maxwell's equations. The main focus in the Reitzinger/Schöberl method is to maintain null space properties of the weak δ×δ× operator on coarse grids. While these null space properties are critical, they are not enough to guarantee h-independent convergence of the overall multigrid method. We illustrate how the Reitzinger/Schöberl AMG method loses h-independence due to the somewhat limited approximation property of the grid transfer operators. We present two improvements to these operators that not only maintain the important null space properties on coarse grids but also yield significantly improved multigrid convergence rates. The first improvement is based on smoothing the Reitzinger/Schöberl grid transfer operators. The second improvement is obtained by using higher order nodal interpolation to derive the corresponding AMG interpolation operators. While not completely h-independent, the resulting AMG/CG method demonstrates improved convergence behavior while maintaining low operator complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAXWELL equations
KW  - EDDY currents (Electric)
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - algebraic multigrid
KW  - eddy currents
KW  - Maxwell's equations
KW  - multigrid
KW  - smoothed aggregation
N1  - Accession Number: 12217068; BOchev, Pavel B. 1; Email Address: pbboche@sandia.gov Garasi, Christopher J. 2; Email Address: cjgaras@sandia.gov Hu, Jonathan J. 3; Email Address: acrobin@sandia.gov Robinson, Allen C. 2; Email Address: jhun@sandia.gov Tuminaro, Raymond S. 3; Email Address: rstumin@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Math/Algorithms, Albuquerque  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Physics R&D, Albuquerque  3: Sandia Natioanl Laboratories, Computational Math/Algorithms, Livermore, California; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p623; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Subject Term: EDDY currents (Electric); Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: algebraic multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: eddy currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maxwell's equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: smoothed aggregation; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Na
AU  - Saad, Yousef
AU  - Chow, Edmond
T1  - CROUT VERSIONS OF ILU FOR GENERAL SPARSE MATRICES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 716
EP  - 728
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - This paper presents an efficient implementation of the incomplete LU (ILU) factorization derived from the Crout version of Gaussian elimination. At step k of the elimination, the kth row of U and the kth column of L are computed using previously computed rows of U and columns of L. The data structure and implementation borrow from already known techniques used in developing both sparse direct solution codes and incomplete Cholesky factorizations. This version of ILU can be computed much faster than standard threshold-based ILU factorizations computed rowwise or columnwise. In addition, the data structure allows efficient implementations of more rigorous and effective dropping strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FACTORIZATION of operators
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - Crout factorization
KW  - ILU
KW  - ILU with threshold
KW  - ILUT
KW  - incomplete LU factorization
KW  - iterative methods
KW  - preconditioning
KW  - sparse Gaussian elimination
KW  - sparse linear systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12217041; Li, Na 1; Email Address: nli@cs.umn.edu Saad, Yousef 2; Email Address: saad@cs.umn.edu Chow, Edmond; Email Address: echow@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Union Street Minnepolis  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p716; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION of operators; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crout factorization; Author-Supplied Keyword: ILU; Author-Supplied Keyword: ILU with threshold; Author-Supplied Keyword: ILUT; Author-Supplied Keyword: incomplete LU factorization; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse Gaussian elimination; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse linear systems; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ebinger, Michael H.
AU  - Norfleet, M. Lee
AU  - Breshears, David D.
AU  - Cremers, David A.
AU  - Ferris, Monty J.
AU  - Unkefer, Pat J.
AU  - Lamb, Megan S.
AU  - Goddard, Kelly L.
AU  - Meyer, Clifton W.
T1  - Extending the Applicability of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Total Soil Carbon Measurement.
JO  - Soil Science Society of America Journal
JF  - Soil Science Society of America Journal
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 67
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1616
EP  - 1619
SN  - 03615995
AB  - Soils are the major pool of terrestrial C globally. Estimating inventories and detecting changes in the soil C pool have remained elusive, largely because the spatial distribution of soil C varies considerably. New approaches are needed that enable more rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive measurements of soil C and that reduce uncertainty in estimates of C pools and changes in those pools. In this note we extend the application of a new method of total soil C measurement: laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Carbon analysis using LIBS provides data in seconds from soils with little preparation, whereas conventional methods such as dry combustion require lengthy sample preparation and longer analysis times. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy instruments, unlike conventional instruments, can be used while in the field. This promising new method, however, has potential drawbacks, namely interference with Fe at approximately 248 nm. Here we report results of using a different C line at 193 nm to solve the interference problem. We also use a two-element standardization factor to demonstrate that the 193-nm line is nearly as sensitive to C concentration as the C line at 247.8 nm, and that calibration curves can be readily replicated. Overall these results indicate that LIBS is a very promising method to estimate soil C pools and dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Science Society of America Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon in soils
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 10962282; Ebinger, Michael H. 1; Email Address: mhe@lanl.gov; Norfleet, M. Lee 2; Breshears, David D. 1; Cremers, David A. 3; Ferris, Monty J. 3; Unkefer, Pat J. 4; Lamb, Megan S. 1; Goddard, Kelly L. 1; Meyer, Clifton W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Science Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; 2: USDA NRCS Soil Quality Institute, AL; 3: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; 4: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; Issue Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p1616; Thesaurus Term: Carbon in soils; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitrofanov, I. G.
AU  - Litvak, M. L.
AU  - Kozyrev, A. S.
AU  - Sanin, A. B.
AU  - Tret'yakov, V. I.
AU  - Boynton, W. V.
AU  - Shinohara, C.
AU  - Hamara, D.
AU  - Saunders, S.
AU  - Drake, D. M.
T1  - Search for Water in Martian Soil Using Global Neutron Mapping by the Russian HEND Instrument Onboard the US 2001 Mars Odyssey Spacecraft.
JO  - Solar System Research
JF  - Solar System Research
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 366
EP  - 377
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00380946
AB  - We present the first results of the global neutron mapping of Mars by the Russian High-Energy Neutron Detector (HEND) onboard the US 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft. Global neutron maps of Mars in various spectral ranges allow the content of water ice and adsorbed and bound water in a near-surface layer of the planet 1 to 2 m in thickness to be estimated. Huge regions of permafrost with a high (several tens of percent by weight) content of water ice are shown to be present in the north and the south of Mars. The continuous observations of Mars for 12 months, from February 18, 2002, through February 8, 2003, are indicative of significant seasonal variations on Mars where the transition from northern winter to northern summer occurred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solar System Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - MATRIX attachment regions
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - FROZEN ground
KW  - TIME series analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 17010729; Mitrofanov, I. G. 1 Litvak, M. L. 1 Kozyrev, A. S. 1 Sanin, A. B. 1 Tret'yakov, V. I. 1 Boynton, W. V. 2 Shinohara, C. 2 Hamara, D. 2 Saunders, S. 3 Drake, D. M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow, 117997 Russia  2: Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p366; Subject Term: MARS (Planet); Subject Term: MATRIX attachment regions; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: FROZEN ground; Subject Term: TIME series analysis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Litvak, M. L.
AU  - Mitrofanov, I. G.
AU  - Kozyrev, A. S.
AU  - Sanin, A. B.
AU  - Tret'yakov, V. I.
AU  - Boynton, W. V.
AU  - Shinohara, C.
AU  - Hamara, D.
AU  - Saunders, S.
AU  - Drake, D. M.
AU  - Zuber, M. T.
AU  - Smith, D. E.
T1  - Seasonal Neutron-Flux Variations in the Polar Caps of Mars as Revealed by the Russian HEND Instrument Onboard the NASA 2001 Mars Odyssey Spacecraft.
JO  - Solar System Research
JF  - Solar System Research
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 378
EP  - 386
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00380946
AB  - We analyze the flux of epithermal neutrons from the Martian surface recorded by the Russian High-Energy Neutron Detector (HEND) from February 19 through December 19, 2002. The HEND was installed onboard the NASA 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft and is designed to measure neutron fluxes with energies above 1 eV. Over the period of observations, statistically significant variations in the flux of epithermal (10–100 keV) neutrons were found in the northern and southern polar caps. The largest neutron-flux variations were found at subpolar latitudes, where the relative difference between the summer and winter values can reach severalfold. This correlation becomes weaker with increasing distance from the poles. Thus, the relative change in the neutron flux near the 60° parallel is slightly more than 10%. We assume that the detected variations result from the global circulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide in subpolar Martian regions. To additionally test this assumption, we compared the HEND neutron measurements onboard 2001 Mars Odyssey and the seasonal variations in the CO2-layer thickness as observed by the Mars Orbital Laser Altimeter (MOLA) onboard Mars Global Surveyor (MGS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solar System Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON flux
KW  - FAST neutrons
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - DIPOLE moments
N1  - Accession Number: 17010728; Litvak, M. L. 1 Mitrofanov, I. G. 1 Kozyrev, A. S. 1 Sanin, A. B. 1 Tret'yakov, V. I. 1 Boynton, W. V. 2 Shinohara, C. 2 Hamara, D. 2 Saunders, S. 3 Drake, D. M. 4 Zuber, M. T. 5,6 Smith, D. E. 5; Affiliation:  1: Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow, 117997 Russia  2: Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Laboratory for Terrestrial Physics, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  6: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA; Source Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p378; Subject Term: NEUTRON flux; Subject Term: FAST neutrons; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaric, S.
AU  - Ostojic, G.N.
AU  - Engroff, A.D.
AU  - Kono, J.
AU  - Shaver, J.
AU  - Moore, V.C.
AU  - Strano, M.S.
AU  - Hauge, R.H.
AU  - Smalley, R.E.
AU  - Wei, X.
T1  - Interband magneto-optics in single-walled carbon nanotubes
JO  - Superlattices & Microstructures
JF  - Superlattices & Microstructures
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
EP  - 418
SN  - 07496036
AB  - We have carried out magneto-absorption and magneto-photoluminescence experiments on micelle-suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes in magnetic fields up to 45 T. Chirality-assigned spectral peaks exhibit significant changes with increasing magnetic field, which can be quantitatively explained in terms of the theoretically predicted splittings and redshifts of the band edge due to the Aharonov–Bohm effect combined with the magnetic-field-induced alignment of the nanotubes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Superlattices & Microstructures is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 13905941; Zaric, S. 1 Ostojic, G.N. 1 Engroff, A.D. 1 Kono, J. 1; Email Address: kono@rice.edu Shaver, J. 2 Moore, V.C. 2 Strano, M.S. 2 Hauge, R.H. 2 Smalley, R.E. 2 Wei, X. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 34 Issue 3-6, p413; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.spmi.2004.03.060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13905941&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bielejec, E.
AU  - Seamons, J.A.
AU  - Lilly, M.P.
AU  - Simmons, J.A.
AU  - Reno, J.L.
T1  - 0.7 structure in long quantum wires
JO  - Superlattices & Microstructures
JF  - Superlattices & Microstructures
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
EP  - 496
SN  - 07496036
AB  - While quantized conductance steps in short quantum wires are understood through a single electron picture, additional structure often observed in high-quality one-dimensional systems near <f>g=0.7×(2e2/h)</f> is commonly interpreted as arising due to many-body interactions. Most studies of conductance structure below <f>2e2/h</f> use short one-dimensional wires where transport is known to be ballistic. We report transport measurements for both short (0.5 μm) and long (5 μm) quantum wires, and use both conductance and nonlinear transport to explore the behavior of one-dimensional wires. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Superlattices & Microstructures is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - 0.7 structure
KW  - Nonlinear transport
KW  - Quantum wires
N1  - Accession Number: 13905953; Bielejec, E. 1 Seamons, J.A. 1 Lilly, M.P.; Email Address: mplilly@sandia.gov Simmons, J.A. 1 Reno, J.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 34 Issue 3-6, p493; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 0.7 structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum wires; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.spmi.2004.03.047
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13905953&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berman, G.P.
AU  - Borgonovi, F.
AU  - Rinkevicius, Z.
AU  - Tsifrinovich, V.I.
T1  - Single-spin measurements for quantum computation using magnetic resonance force microscopy
JO  - Superlattices & Microstructures
JF  - Superlattices & Microstructures
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 509
EP  - 511
SN  - 07496036
AB  - The quantum theory of a single-spin measurement using magnetic resonance force microscopy is presented. We use an oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversal technique. The frequency shift of the cantilever vibrations is estimated. We show that the frequency shift causes the formation of a Schrödinger cat state for the cantilever. The interaction between the cantilever and the environment quickly destroys the coherence between the two cantilever trajectories. It is shown that using partial adiabatic reversals one can obtain a significant increase in the frequency shift. We discuss the possibility of sub-magneton spin density detection in molecules using magnetic resonance force microscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Superlattices & Microstructures is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - ADIABATIC demagnetization
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Cantilever
KW  - Decoherence
KW  - Magnetic resonance
KW  - Magnetic resonance force microscopy
KW  - Quantum measurement
KW  - Schrödinger cat state
KW  - Single-spin measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 13905956; Berman, G.P. 1; Email Address: gpb@lanl.gov Borgonovi, F. 2 Rinkevicius, Z. 3 Tsifrinovich, V.I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Cattolica, via Musei 41, 25121 Brescia, Italy  3: Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, The Royal Institute of Technology, SCFAB, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden  4: IDS Department, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 34 Issue 3-6, p509; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: ADIABATIC demagnetization; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cantilever; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decoherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic resonance force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schrödinger cat state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-spin measurement; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.spmi.2004.03.050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rim, Kwang Taeg
AU  - Fitts, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Müller, Thomas
AU  - Adib, Kaveh
AU  - Camillone III, Nicholas
AU  - Osgood, Richard M.
AU  - Joyce, S.A.
AU  - Flynn, George W.
T1  - CCl4 chemistry on the reduced selvedge of a α-Fe2O3(0 0 0 1) surface: a scanning tunneling microscopy study
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 541
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) were used to study the degradation of CCl4 on the reduced selvedge of a natural single crystal α-Fe2O3(0 0 0 1) surface in ultrahigh vacuum. Before exposure to CCl4, STM images indicate that approximately 85% of the reduced surface exhibits a Fe3O4(1 1 1) 2 × 2 termination, while the remaining 15% is terminated by 1 × 1 and superstructure phases. Images obtained after room temperature dosing with CCl4 and subsequent flashing to 600 K reveal that chlorine atoms are adsorbed only on surface regions with the Fe3O4(1 1 1) 2 × 2 termination, not on 1 × 1 and superstructure regions. Chlorine atoms from dissociative adsorption of CCl4 are observed to occupy two distinct positions located atop lattice protrusions and in threefold oxygen vacancy sites. However, in companion chemical labeling experiments, chlorine atoms provided by room temperature, dissociative Cl2 adsorption on this surface are found to occupy sites atop lattice protrusions exclusively. The clear dissimilarity in STM feature shape and brightness at the two distinct chlorine adsorption sites arising from CCl4 dissociation as well as the results of the Cl2 chemical labeling experiments are best explained via reactions on a Fe3O4(1 1 1) 2 × 2 selvedge terminated by a 1/4 monolayer of tetrahedrally coordinated iron atoms. On this surface, adsorption atop an iron atom occurs for both the CCl4 and Cl2 dissociative reactions. A second adsorption site, assigned as binding to second layer iron atoms left exposed following surface oxygen atom abstraction resulting in the formation of phosgene (COCl2), only appears in the case of reaction with CCl4. The reaction mechanism and active site requirements for CCl4 degradation on iron oxide surfaces are discussed in light of this evidence and in the context of our previously reported results from Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), LEED, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - and topography
KW  - Halogens
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Scanning tunneling spectroscopies
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10570203; Rim, Kwang Taeg 1 Fitts, Jeffrey P. 1 Müller, Thomas 1 Adib, Kaveh 1,2 Camillone III, Nicholas 1 Osgood, Richard M. 1 Joyce, S.A. 3 Flynn, George W. 1; Email Address: flynn@chem.columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Materials Science Program, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 541 Issue 1-3, p59; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halogens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling spectroscopies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00849-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todorova, M.
AU  - Lundgren, E.
AU  - Blum, V.
AU  - Mikkelsen, A.
AU  - Gray, S.
AU  - Gustafson, J.
AU  - Borg, M.
AU  - Rogal, J.
AU  - Reuter, K.
AU  - Andersen, J.N.
AU  - Scheffler, M.
T1  - The Pd(<f>1 0 0</f>)–<f>(√ of <RCD>5</RCD></rad>×<rad><RCD>5</RCD>×√ of <RCD>5</RCD>)</f>R27°-O surface oxide revisited
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 541
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Combining high-resolution core-level spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy and density-functional theory calculations we reanalyze the Pd(1 0 0)–<f>(√ of <RCD>5</RCD></rad>×<rad><RCD>5</RCD>×√ of <RCD>5</RCD>)</f>R27°-O surface oxide phase. We find that the prevalent structural model, a rumpled PdO(0 0 1) film suggested by previous low energy electron diffraction (LEED) work [Surf. Sci. 494 (2001) L799], is incompatible with all three employed methods. Instead, we suggest the two-dimensional film to consist of a strained PdO(1 0 1) layer on top of Pd(1 0 0). LEED intensity calculations show that this model is compatible with the experimental data of Saidy et al. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Photoemission (total yield)
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10570206; Todorova, M. 1 Lundgren, E. 2; Email Address: edvin.lundgren@sljus.lu.se Blum, V. 3 Mikkelsen, A. 2 Gray, S. 2 Gustafson, J. 2 Borg, M. 2 Rogal, J. 1 Reuter, K. 1 Andersen, J.N. 2 Scheffler, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany  2: Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 541 Issue 1-3, p101; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission (total yield); Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00873-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fournée, V.
AU  - Barrow, J.A.
AU  - Shimoda, M.
AU  - Ross, A.R.
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
AU  - Thiel, P.A.
AU  - Tsai, A.P.
T1  - Palladium clusters formed on the complex pseudo-10-fold surface of the <f>ξ</f>′-Al77.5Pd19Mn3.5 approximant crystal
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 541
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The growth and properties of a Pd thin film deposited on a structurally complex surface are studied by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) and photoemission spectroscopy. The substrate is the pseudo-10-fold surface of the <f>ξ</f>′-Al77.5Pd19Mn3.5 crystal, an approximant of the AlPdMn quasicrystalline phase. Spectroscopic data are consistent with a low density of electronic states around the Fermi level for the clean surface, in agreement with the poorly conducting nature of this intermetallic alloy. Deposited Pd atoms readily form small metal particles with relatively homogeneous size on the substrate, for coverages ranging from the submonolayer regime up to 7 ML. The Pd particles do not coalesce with time and are relatively stable upon annealing up to 920 K. Their average size increases slightly with film thickness. The local electronic structure of the Pd thin film has been studied by STS and appears to be particle-size dependent, with a transition from non-metal to metal, deduced from <f>I(V)</f> characteristics with increasing particle size. A shift of the Pd-3d core level is also measured by photoemission, and it can be correlated with a shift of the Pd-d band toward the Fermi level. The growth mode of the Pd film on the <f>ξ</f>′ approximant surface and its electronic structure are discussed in relation to Pd thin films grown on metal-oxides that are used as model catalysts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Alloys
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Metallic surfaces
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10570210; Fournée, V. 1; Email Address: vincent.fournee@mines.inpl-nancy.fr Barrow, J.A. 2,3 Shimoda, M. 4 Ross, A.R. 3,5 Lograsso, T.A. 3,5 Thiel, P.A. 2,3 Tsai, A.P. 4; Affiliation:  1: LSG2M, CNRS-UMR7584, Ecole des Mines, Parc de Saurupt, 54042 Nancy, France  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  4: National Institute for Material Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan  5: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 541 Issue 1-3, p147; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00781-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuhrmann, Mark
AU  - Schaefer, Thorsten
T1  - Applications of synchrotron radiation: A pathway to understanding processes in environmental systems.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the Environmental Sciences Workshop at the National Synchrotron Light Source Users' Meeting in Upton, New York.  Use of synchrotron facilities to investigate processes controlling chemical species in the environment; Applications of synchrotron based techniques; Overview of metal binding on different sites on humic acids from various sources.
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11354578; Fuhrmann, Mark 1 Schaefer, Thorsten 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  2: Institute for Nuclear Waste Management, Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p7; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stojanoff, Vivian
AU  - Caliebe, Wolfgang
T1  - Bio-matters: From IR to X-rays (including information about the Crystallization Workshop).
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/09//Sep/Oct2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the workshop on structural biology at the 2003 Annual Users' Meeting of the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) in New York.  Contribution of synchrotron radiation-based methods to the understanding of the molecular structure and bio-molecule function; Alternative to the multiple wavelength diffraction method; Expectations of the NSLS user community.
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11354607; Stojanoff, Vivian 1 Caliebe, Wolfgang 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: Sep/Oct2003, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p11; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - QIAN, YUN
AU  - RUBY LEUNG, L.
AU  - GHAN, STEVEN J.
AU  - GIORGI, FILIPPO
T1  - Regional climate effects of aerosols over China: modeling and observation.
JO  - Tellus: Series B
JF  - Tellus: Series B
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 55
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 914
EP  - 934
PB  - Co-Action Publishing
SN  - 02806509
AB  - ABSTRACT We present regional simulations of aerosol properties, direct radiative forcing and aerosol climatic effects over China, and compare the simulations with observed aerosol characteristics and climatic data over the region. The climate simulations are performed with a regional climate model, which is shown to capture the spatial distribution and seasonal pattern of temperature and precipitation. Aerosol concentrations are obtained from a global tracer-transport model and are provided to the regional model for the calculation of radiative forcing. Different aerosols are included: sulfate, organic carbon, black carbon, mineral dust, and sea salt and MSA particles. Generally, the aerosol optical depth is well simulated in both magnitude and spatial distribution. The direct radiative forcing of the aerosol is in the range –1 to –14 W m[sup -2] in autumn and summer and -1 to –9 W m[sup -2] in spring and winter, with substantial spatial variability at the regional scale. A strong maximum in aerosol optical depth and negative radiative forcing is found over the Sichuan Basin. The negative radiative forcing of aerosol induces a surface cooling in the range –0.6 to –1.2 °C in autumn and winter, –0.3 to –0.6 °C in spring and 0.0 to –0.9 °C in summer throughout East China. The aerosol-induced cooling is mainly due to a decrease in daytime maximum temperature. The cooling is maximum and is statistically significant over the Sichuan Basin. The effect of aerosol on precipitation is not evident in our simulations. The temporal and spatial patterns of the temperature trends observed in the second half of the twentieth century, including different trends for daily maximum and minimum temperature, are at least qualitatively consistent with the simulated aerosol-induced cooling over the Sichuan Basin and East China. This result supports the hypothesis that the observed temperature trends during the latter decades of the twentieth century, especially the cooling trends over the Sichuan Basin and some parts of East China, are at least partly related to the cooling induced by increasing atmospheric aerosol loadings over the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tellus: Series B is the property of Co-Action Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - CHINA
N1  - Accession Number: 10638279; QIAN, YUN 1 RUBY LEUNG, L. 1 GHAN, STEVEN J. 1 GIORGI, FILIPPO 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA;  2: Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 55 Issue 4, p914; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: CHINA; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1435-6935.2003.00070.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glesne, David A.
T1  - Bridging the electrochemical and biological worlds with hybrid nanocomposites
JO  - Trends in Biotechnology
JF  - Trends in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
SN  - 01677799
AB  - Recent discoveries arising from a combination of the biological, physical, chemical and materials sciences have resulted in the invention of numerous hybrid molecules that possess strengths inherent to each individual discipline. Nanocomposites that link biological molecules to inorganic moieties have led to a family of new reagents with unique capabilities for cellular imaging and macromolecule detection. A recent report has extended the applications of these hybrid molecules from their use as detection and scaffolding reagents into the realm of a biologically functional molecule. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Biotechnology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biomolecules
KW  - Macromolecules
KW  - Biological reagents
N1  - Accession Number: 10634542; Glesne, David A. 1; Email Address: glesne@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Environmental Science and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 21 Issue 9, p379; Thesaurus Term: Biomolecules; Thesaurus Term: Macromolecules; Subject Term: Biological reagents; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00192-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=10634542&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, Yong-Guan
AU  - Michael Miller, R.
T1  - Carbon cycling by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil–plant systems
JO  - Trends in Plant Science
JF  - Trends in Plant Science
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 8
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 407
SN  - 13601385
AB  - Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in regulating carbon fluxes between the biosphere and the atmosphere. A recent study showed that live hyphae can turn over rapidly, in five to six days on average, suggesting that carbon flow to AMF hyphae might be respired back to the atmosphere quickly. However, that study gives a limited view of the residence time of AMF hyphae in soils. AMF hyphae can also contribute to soil carbon storage through other mechanisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Plant Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUNGI -- Hyphae
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MYCORRHIZAL fungi
KW  - BIOSPHERE
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
N1  - Accession Number: 10805597; Zhu, Yong-Guan 1; Email Address: ygzhu@mail.rcees.ac.cn Michael Miller, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China  2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 8 Issue 9, p407; Subject Term: FUNGI -- Hyphae; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MYCORRHIZAL fungi; Subject Term: BIOSPHERE; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1360-1385(03)00184-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10805597&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lupini, A.R.
AU  - Pennycook, S.J.
T1  - Localization in elastic and inelastic scattering
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 96
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 03043991
AB  - The degree of information localization in elastic and inelastic scattering is examined in the context of imaging zone axis crystals in the aberration corrected STEM. We show that detector geometry is a critical factor in determining the localization, and compare a number of different geometries. Experimental core loss line traces demonstrate strong EELS localization at the titanium L-edge, even in the presence of dynamical elastic scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COHERENT states
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - OPTICAL aberrations
KW  - Aberration
KW  - Coherence
KW  - Cs-correction
KW  - Delocalization
KW  - EELS
KW  - Localization
KW  - STEM
N1  - Accession Number: 10233044; Lupini, A.R.; Email Address: gaz@ornl.gov Pennycook, S.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6031, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 96 Issue 3/4, p313; Subject Term: COHERENT states; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: OPTICAL aberrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aberration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cs-correction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Delocalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: EELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Localization; Author-Supplied Keyword: STEM; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00096-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10233044&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eliassi, M.
AU  - Glass, R. J.
T1  - Reply to comment by R. D. Braddock and J. Norbury on 'On the continuum-scale modeling of gravity-driven fingers in unsaturated porous media: The inadequacy of the Richards equation with standard monotonic constitutive relations and hysteretic equations of state'
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
KW  - capillary hysteresis
KW  - gravity-driven fingers
KW  - numerical oscillations
KW  - truncation error
KW  - wetting front instability
N1  - Accession Number: 87144144; Eliassi, M. 1; Glass, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 9, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary hysteresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravity-driven fingers; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: truncation error; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetting front instability; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001753
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144144&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eliassi, M.
AU  - Glass, R. J.
T1  - Reply to comment on 'On the continuum-scale modeling of gravity-driven fingers in unsaturated porous media: The inadequacy of the Richards equation with standard monotonic constitutive relations and hysteretic equations of state' by Mehdi Eliassi and Robert J. Glass
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
KW  - capillary hysteresis
KW  - extended Darcy flux relations
KW  - gravity-driven fingers
KW  - Richards equation
KW  - truncation error-induced numerical oscillations
KW  - wetting front instabilities
N1  - Accession Number: 87144176; Eliassi, M. 1; Glass, R. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 9, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary hysteresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended Darcy flux relations; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravity-driven fingers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Richards equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: truncation error-induced numerical oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: wetting front instabilities; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002053
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144176&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wielopolski, L.
AU  - Ramirez, L. M.
AU  - Coyle, P.
AU  - Heymsfield, S.
AU  - Zimman, J.
T1  - Some aspects of measuring levels of potassium in the brain.
JO  - Acta Diabetologica
JF  - Acta Diabetologica
Y1  - 2003/09/02/Sep2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - s73
EP  - s75
SN  - 09405429
AB  - The general aim of this work is to measure brain potassium (K) levels as a marker of intracellular water content and to test the hypothesis of whether edema in multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with increased intracellular brain water. For that purpose, a system to measure K in brain is being developed. Our specific aim is to assess the potential contribution to the K photopeak from cranial K located outside the brain. For this, a simplified spherical phantom to represent the brain, a square box to represent the cranium, and a K point source to assess the contributions due to K outside the brain were used. It is estimated that only about 1–2% of the K photopeak might be attributable to K outside the brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Diabetologica is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTASSIUM in the body
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - MULTIPLE sclerosis
KW  - EDEMA
KW  - WATER in the body
KW  - CRANIOMETRY
KW  - Brain
KW  - Edema
KW  - In vivo
KW  - Multiple sclerosis
KW  - Potassium
N1  - Accession Number: 16900506; Wielopolski, L. 1; Email Address: lwielo@bnl.gov Ramirez, L. M. 1 Coyle, P. 2 Heymsfield, S. 3 Zimman, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Bldg. 490-D, 11973, Upton, NY, USA  2: University Hospital at Stony Brook, New York, USA  3: St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, USA; Source Info: Sep2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 40, ps73; Subject Term: POTASSIUM in the body; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: MULTIPLE sclerosis; Subject Term: EDEMA; Subject Term: WATER in the body; Subject Term: CRANIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Edema; Author-Supplied Keyword: In vivo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple sclerosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potassium; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00592-003-0031-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16900506&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sittler Jr., E.C.
AU  - Ofman, L.
AU  - Gibson, S.
AU  - Guhathakurta, M.
AU  - Davila, J.
AU  - Skoug, R.
AU  - Fludra, A.
AU  - Holzer, T.
T1  - Development of Multidimensional MHD Model for the Solar Corona and Solar Wind.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We are developing a time stationary self-consistent 2D MHD model of the solar corona and solar wind that explicitly solves the energy equation, using a semi-empirical 2D MHD model of the corona to provide an empirically determined effective heat flux qeff (i.e., the term effective means the possible presence of wave contributions). But, as our preliminary results indicate, in order to achieve high speed winds over the poles we also need to include the empirically determined effective pressure Peff as a constraint in the momentum equation, which means that momentum addition by waves above 2 RS are required to produce high speed winds. At present our calculations do not include the Peff constraint. The estimates of Peff and qeff come from the semi-empirical 2D MHD model of the solar corona by Sittler and Guhathakurta (1999a,2002) which is based on Mk-III, Skylab and Ulysses observations. For future model development we plan to use SOHO LASCO, CDS, EIT, UVCS and Ulysses data as constraints for our model calculations. The model by Sittler and Guhathakurta (1999a, 2002) is not a self-consistent calculation. The calculations presented here is the first attempt at providing a self-consistent calculation based on empirical constraints. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR corona
KW  - SOLAR wind
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10965089; Sittler Jr., E.C. 1 Ofman, L. 1,2 Gibson, S. 3 Guhathakurta, M. 4 Davila, J. 1 Skoug, R. 5 Fludra, A. 6 Holzer, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, MD  2: The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C.  3: NCAR/High Altitude Observatory, CO  4: NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM  6: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p113; Subject Term: SOLAR corona; Subject Term: SOLAR wind; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618554
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10965089&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reisenfeld, Daniel B.
AU  - Gosling, John T.
AU  - Steinberg, John T.
AU  - Riley, Pete
AU  - Forsyth, Robert J.
AU  - St. Cyr, O. Chris
T1  - CMEs at High Northern Latitudes During Solar Maximum: Ulysses and SOHO Correlated Observations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 210
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - From September through November 2001, Ulysses was almost continuously immersed in polar coronal hole (CH) flow during its northern polar pass of the Sun. For much of this time, the flow was fast (> 700 km/s) and steady, quite similar to the steady unstructured flow observed during Ulysses’ first polar orbit near solar minimum. During the three months Ulysses transited the northern polar CH it observed 5 coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Of these, two were clearly over-expanding and two were at least partially driven by overexpansion. The phenomenon of over-expansion was frequently observed at high latitudes during Ulysses’ first orbit. The recurrence of over-expanding CMEs during the second orbit at high latitudes indicates that this is a phenomenon apparently unique to and typical of CMEs embedded in polar CH flow. Ulysses was nearly above the solar limb during this three-month interval, providing an opportunity to use LASCO/SOHO observations to study the initial velocity profiles of the CMEs observed further out by Ulysses. These initial conditions were used as inputs into a hydrodynamic code, the results of which are reported here. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORONAL mass ejections
KW  - SOLAR cycle
N1  - Accession Number: 10965064; Reisenfeld, Daniel B. 1 Gosling, John T. 1 Steinberg, John T. 1 Riley, Pete 2 Forsyth, Robert J. 3 St. Cyr, O. Chris 4; Affiliation:  1: Space and Atmospheric Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM  2: SAIC, CA  3: The Blacklett Laboratory, Imperial College, UK  4: Catholic University of America, Code 682, NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, MD; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p210; Subject Term: CORONAL mass ejections; Subject Term: SOLAR cycle; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618579
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10965064&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zank, G.P.
AU  - Ye Zhou
AU  - Matthaeus, W.H.
AU  - Rice, W.K.M.
T1  - The interaction of turbulence with shock waves.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The interaction of turbulence and shock waves is considered self-consistently so that the back-reaction of the turbulence and its associated reaction on the turbulence is addressed. Upstream turbulence interacting with a shock wave is found to mediate the shock by 1) increasing the mean shock speed, and 2) decreasing the efficiency of turbulence amplification at the shock as the upstream turbulence energy density is increased. The implication of these results is that the energy in upstream turbulent fluctuations, while being amplified at the shock, is also being converted into mean flow energy downstream. The variance in both the shock speed and position is computed, leading to the suggestion that, in an ensemble-averaged sense, the turbulence-mediated shock will acquire a characteristic thickness given by the standard deviation of the shock position. Lax’s geometric entropy condition is used to show that as the upstream turbulent energy density increases, the shock is eventually destabilized, and may emit one or more shocks to produce a system of multiple shock waves. Finally, turbulence downstream of the shock is shown to decay in time t according to t-2/3. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - HYPERSONIC aerodynamics
KW  - TURBULENT diffusion (Meteorology)
N1  - Accession Number: 10965018; Zank, G.P. 1 Ye Zhou 2 Matthaeus, W.H. 1,3 Rice, W.K.M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California  3: Bartol Research Institute, The University of Delaware  4: The University of St Andrews, Fife; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p417; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: HYPERSONIC aerodynamics; Subject Term: TURBULENT diffusion (Meteorology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618625
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10965018&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Charles W.
AU  - Mullan, Dermott J.
AU  - Ness, Norman F.
AU  - Skoug, Ruth M.
AU  - Steinberg, John
T1  - Day the Solar Wind Almost Disappeared: Magnetic Field Fluctuations and Wave Refraction.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 509
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - On May 11, 1999 the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft observed a rarefied parcel of solar wind that has come to be known as “The Day the Solar Wind Disappeared.” Little if any change is seen in the large-scale interplanetary magnetic field during this time, but the magnetic field fluctuations are depressed and significantly more transverse to the mean field. The high Alfvén speed resulting from the constant field intensity and low ion density enhances wave refraction, and we examine this as a possible explanation for the fluctuation properties. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR wind
KW  - INTERPLANETARY magnetic fields
N1  - Accession Number: 10964997; Smith, Charles W. 1 Mullan, Dermott J. 1 Ness, Norman F. 1 Skoug, Ruth M. 2 Steinberg, John 2; Affiliation:  1: Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p509; Subject Term: SOLAR wind; Subject Term: INTERPLANETARY magnetic fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618646
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10964997&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reisenfeld, Daniel B.
AU  - Steinberg, John T.
AU  - Barraclough, Bruce L.
AU  - Dors, Eric E.
AU  - Wiens, Roger C.
AU  - Neugebauer, Marcia
AU  - Reinard, Alysha
AU  - Zurbuchen, Thomas
T1  - Comparison Of The Genesis Solar Wind Regime Algorithm Results With Solar Wind Composition Observed By ACE.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 632
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Launched on 8 August 2001, the NASA Genesis mission is now collecting samples of the solar wind in various materials, and will return those samples to Earth in 2004 for analysis. A primary science goal of Genesis is the determination of the isotopic and elemental composition of the solar atmosphere from the solar wind material returned. In particular, Genesis will provide measurements of those species that are not provided by solar and in situ observations. We know from in situ measurements that the solar wind exhibits compositional variations across different types of solar wind flows. Therefore, Genesis exposes different collectors to solar wind originating from three flow types: coronal hole, coronal mass ejection (CME), and interstream flows. Flow types are identified using in situ measurements of solar wind protons, alphas, and electrons from electrostatic analyzers carried by Genesis. The flow regime selection algorithm and subsequent collector deployment on Genesis act autonomously. We present an assessment of composition variations of O, He, and Mg ions observed by ACE/SWICS concurrent with Genesis observations, and compare these to the Genesis algorithm decisions. Not only does this serve as a test of the algorithm, the compilation of composition vs. regime will be important for comparison to the abundances determined from sample analysis at the end of the mission. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR wind
KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - CORONAL holes (Astronomy)
KW  - CORONAL mass ejections
N1  - Accession Number: 10964969; Reisenfeld, Daniel B. 1 Steinberg, John T. 1 Barraclough, Bruce L. 1 Dors, Eric E. 1 Wiens, Roger C. 1 Neugebauer, Marcia 2 Reinard, Alysha 3 Zurbuchen, Thomas 3; Affiliation:  1: Space and Atmospheric Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM  2: Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona  3: Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p632; Subject Term: SOLAR wind; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: CORONAL holes (Astronomy); Subject Term: CORONAL mass ejections; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618674
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10964969&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Richardson, I.G.
AU  - Cane, H.V.
AU  - Lepri, S.T.
AU  - Zurbuchen, T.H.
AU  - Gosling, J.T.
T1  - Spatial Relationship of Signatures of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are characterized by a number of signatures. In particular, we examine the relationship between Fe charge states and other signatures during ICMEs in solar cycle 23. Though enhanced Fe charge states characterize many ICMEs, average charge states vary from event to event, are more likely to be enhanced in faster or flare-related ICMEs, and do not appear to depend on whether the ICME is a magnetic cloud. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORONAL mass ejections
KW  - PLASMA injection
KW  - SOLAR flares
N1  - Accession Number: 10964957; Richardson, I.G. 1 Cane, H.V. 1 Lepri, S.T. 2 Zurbuchen, T.H. 2 Gosling, J.T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, USA  2: Dept. of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p681; Subject Term: CORONAL mass ejections; Subject Term: PLASMA injection; Subject Term: SOLAR flares; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618686
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10964957&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forsyth, R.J.
AU  - Rees, A.
AU  - Reisenfeld, D.B.
AU  - Lepri, S.T.
AU  - Zurbuchen, T.H.
T1  - ICME Observations During the Ulysses Fast Latitude Scan.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 715
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Between November 2000 and October 2001 the Ulysses spacecraft performed a fast traversal of the heliospheric latitudes between 80°S and 80°N, a period close to the activity maximum of the current solar cycle. This paper provides an overview of the Ulysses observations of the transient solar wind structures associated with coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) during this period. Compared to the previous Ulysses fast latitude scan near solar minimum in 1995, many more ICME related signatures were observed in the present data set. Events were encountered spread over the full latitude range between 80°S and 80°N. Those at high northern latitudes, where fast solar wind from a northern polar coronal hole had become re-established, were of the over-expanding type first identified in Ulysses data at mid-latitudes near solar minimum. The signatures of these events and their latitude dependence are discussed and some ongoing and possible future studies with this data set are described. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR wind
KW  - CORONAL mass ejections
KW  - HELIOSPHERE (Astrophysics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10964950; Forsyth, R.J. 1 Rees, A. 1 Reisenfeld, D.B. 2 Lepri, S.T. 3 Zurbuchen, T.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, UK  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  3: University of Michigan, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p715; Subject Term: SOLAR wind; Subject Term: CORONAL mass ejections; Subject Term: HELIOSPHERE (Astrophysics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618693
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szabo, A.
AU  - Smith, C.W.
AU  - Skoug, R.M.
T1  - The Transition of Interplanetary Shocks through the Magnetosheath.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 782
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - WIND, ACE, IMP 8 and Geotail data shows that the magnetosheath signature of IP shocks is primarily a fast-mode shock or pressure pulse with a wide ramp. No model predicted secondary discontinuities could be identified above the magnetosheath background fluctuation level. Even though the interplanetary surface geometry of IP shocks could be significantly corrugated, this study suggests that there is no significant deceleration of the pressure front in the magnetosheath. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERE
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 10964934; Szabo, A. 1 Smith, C.W. 2 Skoug, R.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Extraterrestrial Physics, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, MD  2: Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, DE  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p782; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERE; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618709
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McComas, D.J.
AU  - Bochsler, P.A.
AU  - Fisk, L.A.
AU  - Funsten, H.O.
AU  - Geiss, J.
AU  - Gloeckler, G.
AU  - Gruntman, M.
AU  - Judge, D.L.
AU  - Krimigis, S.M.
AU  - Lin, R.P.
AU  - Livi, S.
AU  - Mitchell, D.G.
AU  - Möbius, E.
AU  - Roelof, E.C.
AU  - Schwadron, N.A.
AU  - Witte, M.
AU  - Woch, J.
AU  - Wurz, P.
AU  - Zurbuchen, T.H.
T1  - Interstellar Pathfinder — A Mission to the Inner Edge of the Interstellar Medium.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 834
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Interstellar Pathfinder (ISP), our first step into the interstellar medium, is a scientific investigation to study the outer boundary of our heliosphere and the interstellar matter that flows into it. A wind of interstellar neutral gas penetrates to within several astronomical units (AU) of the Sun, giving us a direct sample of present-day galactic matter. ISP is a mission to this inner edge of the interstellar medium. Using highly sensitive instrumentation, ISP will determine the composition of our local interstellar environment. It will also take the first global images of the boundary region of the heliosphere at 100 to 150 AU. These measurements will allow ISP to answer fundamental questions about the origin of the solar system and the stars, about the evolution of our galaxy and of the universe, and about the characteristics of our local galactic environment and its influence on the heliosphere. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIOSPHERE (Astrophysics)
KW  - INTERSTELLAR matter
N1  - Accession Number: 10964923; McComas, D.J. 1 Bochsler, P.A. 2 Fisk, L.A. 3 Funsten, H.O. 4 Geiss, J. 5 Gloeckler, G. 3,6 Gruntman, M. 7 Judge, D.L. 7 Krimigis, S.M. 8 Lin, R.P. 9 Livi, S. 8 Mitchell, D.G. 8 Möbius, E. 10 Roelof, E.C. 8 Schwadron, N.A. 1 Witte, M. 11 Woch, J. 11 Wurz, P. 2 Zurbuchen, T.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Southwest Research Institute, USA  2: University of Bern, Switzerland  3: University of Michigan, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  5: International Space Science Institute, Switzerland  6: University of Maryland, USA  7: University of Southern California, USA  8: The Johns Hopkins University, USA  9: University of California, USA  10: University of New Hampshire, USA  11: Max Planck Institut für Aeronomie, Germany; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p834; Subject Term: HELIOSPHERE (Astrophysics); Subject Term: INTERSTELLAR matter; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618720
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10964923&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moldwin, M.B.
AU  - Liewer, P.C.
AU  - Crooker, N.
AU  - Fennell, J.F.
AU  - Feynman, J.
AU  - Funsten, H.O.
AU  - Goldstein, B.E.
AU  - Gosling, J.T.
AU  - Mazur, J.E.
AU  - Pizzo, V.J.
AU  - Russell, C.T.
AU  - Weygand, J.
T1  - Heliospheric Constellation: Understanding the Structure and Evolution of the Solar Wind.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/02/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 842
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Heliospheric Constellation (HELICON) mission concept calls for the first constellation of spacecraft to make coordinated measurements of the solar wind magnetic field, plasma and energetic particle distributions and composition in order to determine scale-lengths of solar wind structures and to resolve ambiguities in temporal and spatial variability. Specifically, HELICON enables the resolution of a wide array of critical questions of solar wind structure and dynamics. The HELICON’s Science Objectives are as follows: (1) Determine the structure and evolution of expanding interplanetary coronal mass ejections, (2) Use supra-thermal and energetic particles to determine the source populations of solar events and the scale sizes of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) and Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) (3) Determine the structure and nature of the heliospheric current sheet, and (4) Examine the causes of variability in the solar wind. This brief report describes the mission concept and scientific rationale for such a mission. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIOSPHERE (Astrophysics)
KW  - SOLAR wind
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 10964921; Moldwin, M.B. 1 Liewer, P.C. 2 Crooker, N. 3 Fennell, J.F. 4 Feynman, J. 2 Funsten, H.O. 5 Goldstein, B.E. 2 Gosling, J.T. 5 Mazur, J.E. 4 Pizzo, V.J. 6 Russell, C.T. 1 Weygand, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics and Department of Earth and Space Science, UCLA, CA  2: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA  3: Center for Space Physics, Boston University, MA  4: The Aerospace Corporation, CA  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM  6: Space Environment Center, CO; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 679 Issue 1, p842; Subject Term: HELIOSPHERE (Astrophysics); Subject Term: SOLAR wind; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618722
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dougherty, L.M.
AU  - Robertson, I.M.
AU  - Vetrano, J.S.
T1  - Direct observation of the behavior of grain boundaries during continuous dynamic recrystallization in an Al–4Mg–0.3Sc alloy
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/09/03/
VL  - 51
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4367
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The micromechanisms operating during dynamic continuous recrystallization of an Al–4Mg–0.3Sc alloy have been studied in real time by reloading pre-deformed samples at temperature in situ in the transmission electron microscope. The processes responsible for the evolution of the microstructure include the migration and breakup of subgrain boundaries, the destruction of triple junctions, and large-scale volume rotations. These observations are considered in terms of the micromechanisms proposed previously to account for dynamic continuous recrystallization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - Aluminum alloy
KW  - Dislocation dynamics
KW  - Dynamic recrystallization
KW  - Electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10425419; Dougherty, L.M. 1 Robertson, I.M. 1; Email Address: ianr@uiuc.edu Vetrano, J.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 51 Issue 15, p4367; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic recrystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00262-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10425419&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elmer, J.W.
AU  - Palmer, T.A.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Wood, B.
AU  - DebRoy, T.
T1  - Erratum to “Kinetic modeling of phase transformations occurring in the HAZ of C-Mn steel welds based on direct observations” [Acta Materiala 51 (2003) page 3333–3349
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/09/03/
VL  - 51
IS  - 15
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 4667
SN  - 13596454
N1  - Accession Number: 10425445; Elmer, J.W. 1; Email Address: elmer1@llnl.gov Palmer, T.A. 1 Zhang, W. 2 Wood, B. 1 DebRoy, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 51 Issue 15, p4667; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00049-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Jae Y.
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
AU  - Frenkel, Anatoly I.
AU  - Lee, Peter L.
T1  - Reduction of CuO and Cu[sub 2]O with H[sub 2]: H Embedding and Kinetic Effects in the Formation of Suboxides.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/09/03/
VL  - 125
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 10684
EP  - 10692
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Time-resolved X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption fine structure, and first-principles density functional calculations were used to investigate the reaction of CuO and Cu[sub 2]O with H[sub 2] in detail. The mechanism for the reduction of CuO is complex, involving an induction period and the embedding of H into the bulk of the oxide. The in-situ experiments show that, under a normal supply of hydrogen, CuO reduces directly to metallic Cu without formation of an intermediate or suboxide (i.e., no Cu[sub 4]O[sub 3] or Cu[sub 2]O). The reduction of CuO is easier than the reduction of Cu[sub 2]O. The apparent activation energy for the reduction of CuO is about 14.5 kcal/mol, while the value is 27.4 kcal/mol for Cu[sub 2]O. During the reduction of CuO, the system can reach metastable states (MS) and react with hydrogen instead of forming Cu[sub 2]O. To see the formation of Cu[sub 2]O, one has to limit the flow of hydrogen, slowing the rate of reduction to allow a MS → Cu[sub 2]O transformation. These results show the importance of kinetic effects for the formation of well-defined suboxides during a reduction process and the activation of oxide catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - OXIDES
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - COPPER oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10819445; Kim, Jae Y. 1 Rodriguez, José A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Hanson, Jonathan C. 1 Frenkel, Anatoly I. 2 Lee, Peter L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  3: Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, NY; Source Info: 9/3/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 35, p10684; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, W.C.
AU  - Wang, C.Z.
AU  - Ho, K.M.
T1  - Medium-sized silicon oxide clusters by Si3O3-ring assembly
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/05/
VL  - 378
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Using Si2O2 rhombuses and Si3O3 rings as building blocks, we have investigated the structures of medium-sized silicon oxide clusters. Total energies of a series of Si8On and Si12On clusters with different growth motifs have been studied using first-principles calculations. Our studies discover a new motif for medium-sized silicon oxide clusters in a form of wheel-like structure composed of Si3O3 rings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 10743880; Lu, W.C. 1,2 Wang, C.Z. 1; Email Address: wangcz@ameslab.gov Ho, K.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, PR China; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 378 Issue 3/4, p225; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01219-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khanna, S.N.
AU  - Rao, B.K.
AU  - Jena, P.
AU  - Knickelbein, M.
T1  - Ferrimagnetism in Mn7 cluster
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/05/
VL  - 378
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A synergistic approach consisting of Stern–Gerlach magnetic deflection experiments and first principles calculations provides the first conclusive evidence of ferrimagnetism in Mn clusters containing as few as seven atoms. The calculated magnetic moment of 0.71 <f>μB</f>/atom of a Mn7 cluster is in perfect agreement with the experimental value of 0.72 ± 0.42 <f>μB</f>/atom. This low value, which is a factor of seven smaller than its free atom value, is shown to result not from the reduction of the individual atomic moments, but from their ferrimagnetic coupling. The large uncertainty in the experimental measurement is explained by the existence of nearly degenerate isomers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERRIMAGNETISM
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 10743903; Khanna, S.N. 1; Email Address: snkhanna@saturn.vcu.edu Rao, B.K. 1 Jena, P. 1 Knickelbein, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 842000, Richmond, VA 23284-2000, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 378 Issue 3/4, p374; Subject Term: FERRIMAGNETISM; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01235-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budker, D.
AU  - Kimball, D.F.
AU  - Rochester, S.M.
AU  - Urban, J.T.
T1  - Alignment-to-orientation conversion and nuclear quadrupole resonance
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/05/
VL  - 378
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The role of alignment-to-orientation conversion (AOC) in nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is discussed. AOC is shown to be the mechanism responsible for the appearance of macroscopic orientation in a sample originally lacking any global polarization. Parallels are drawn between NQR and AOC in atomic physics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10743914; Budker, D. 1,2; Email Address: budker@socrates.berkeley.edu Kimball, D.F. 1; Email Address: dfk@uclink4.berkeley.edu Rochester, S.M. 1; Email Address: simonkeys@yahoo.com Urban, J.T. 3,4; Email Address: jurban@ocf.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA  2: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 378 Issue 3/4, p440; Subject Term: NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01327-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riad Manaa, M.
AU  - Ichord, Heather A.
AU  - Sprehn, David W.
T1  - Predicted molecular structure of novel C48B12
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/05/
VL  - 378
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We report results of full geometry optimization and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the minimum energy structure of C48B12, and two low-lying isomers at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. The minimum energy structure of C48B12 proved to be the same as we have found in the case of C48N12 [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 (2002) 13990]. The two low-lying structures with D3d and S6 symmetry proved to be 15 and 26 kcal/mol energetically less stable, respectively. Mulliken charge analysis showed that the minimum energy structure of C48B12 could serve as an electron acceptor, in contrast to the donor character of C48N12. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 10743915; Riad Manaa, M.; Email Address: manaa1@llnl.gov Ichord, Heather A. Sprehn, David W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energetic Materials Center, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-282 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 378 Issue 3/4, p449; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01328-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10743915&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerasimov, Madina R.
AU  - Collier, Lauren
AU  - Ferrieri, Abbie
AU  - Alexoff, David
AU  - Lee, Dianne
AU  - Gifford, Andrew N.
AU  - Balster, Robert L.
T1  - Toluene inhalation produces a conditioned place preference in rats
JO  - European Journal of Pharmacology
JF  - European Journal of Pharmacology
Y1  - 2003/09/05/
VL  - 477
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 00142999
AB  - Toluene is a widely abused solvent with demonstrated addictive potential in humans. Here we explore if conditioned place preference can be used to study the abuse-related effects of inhaled toluene in rats. Animals were confined to a distinctive compartment of a three-compartment chamber while exposed to toluene vapor and later tested for preference for that compartment compared to appropriate control subjects. In this study, a flame ionization detector was used for on-line monitoring of toluene vapor concentrations inside the conditioning apparatus coupled with computerized recording of the time spent by the animals on the test day in each of the chambers. Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to 810, 1895 or 4950 ppm of toluene vapors in either the back or white compartment during 30-min pairing sessions given every other day alternating with air exposure for the total of six pairings for each treatment. Rats that received air in both sides (control group) did not show any preference for either side with approximately equal time spent in each compartment on the test day (241±33 and 234±34 s, for white and black box, respectively). However, the 1895- and 4950-ppm test groups, but not the 810-ppm group, demonstrated a significant preference for the side paired with toluene exposure. When a subsequent test session was performed during toluene exposures, no conditioned place preference was observed. Thus, toluene produced a clear conditioned place preference that appears to be most evident when animals are not intoxicated. This procedure should be useful for further studies of the abuse-related effects of abused inhalants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Pharmacology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOLUENE
KW  - RATS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - RODENTS
KW  - (Rodent)
KW  - Addiction
KW  - Conditioned-place preference
KW  - Solvent
N1  - Accession Number: 10865067; Gerasimov, Madina R. 1; Email Address: madina@bnl.gov Collier, Lauren 1 Ferrieri, Abbie 1 Alexoff, David 1 Lee, Dianne 2 Gifford, Andrew N. 2 Balster, Robert L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298-0310, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 477 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: TOLUENE; Subject Term: RATS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: RODENTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: (Rodent); Author-Supplied Keyword: Addiction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conditioned-place preference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvent; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Briknarová, Klára
AU  - Åkerman, Maria E.
AU  - Hoyt, David W.
AU  - Ruoslahti, Erkki
AU  - Ely, Kathryn R.
T1  - Anastellin, an FN3 Fragment with Fibronectin Polymerization Activity, Resembles Amyloid Fibril Precursors
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/09/05/
VL  - 332
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Anastellin is a carboxy-terminal fragment of the first FN3 domain from human fibronectin. It is capable of polymerizing fibronectin in vitro, and it displays anti-tumor, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic properties in vivo. We have determined the structure of anastellin using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and identified residues critical for its activity. Anastellin exhibits dynamic fluctuations and conformational exchange in solution. Its overall topology is very similar to the corresponding region of full-length FN3 domains. However, its hydrophobic core becomes solvent-accessible and some of its β-strands lose their protection against hydrogen bonding to β-strands from other molecules. These features seem to be relevant for the fibronectin polymerization activity of anastellin and resemble the characteristics of amyloid fibril precursors. We suggest that this analogy is not random and may reflect similarities between fibronectin and amyloid fibril formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIBRONECTINS
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - amyloid fibril
KW  - anastellin
KW  - COSY, correlated spectroscopy
KW  - ECM, extracellular matrix
KW  - extracellular matrix
KW  - fibronectin type 3 (FN3) domain
KW  - FN1, FN2 and FN3, fibronectin types I, II and III
KW  - HSQC, heteronuclear single quantum coherence
KW  - NMR
KW  - NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect
KW  - NOESY, NOE spectroscopy
KW  - TOCSY, total COSY
N1  - Accession Number: 10632740; Briknarová, Klára 1 Åkerman, Maria E. 1,2 Hoyt, David W. 3 Ruoslahti, Erkki 1; Email Address: ely@burnham.org Ely, Kathryn R. 1; Affiliation:  1: The Burnham Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037-1062, USA  2: Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  3: EMSL, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 332 Issue 1, p205; Subject Term: FIBRONECTINS; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: amyloid fibril; Author-Supplied Keyword: anastellin; Author-Supplied Keyword: COSY, correlated spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECM, extracellular matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: extracellular matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: fibronectin type 3 (FN3) domain; Author-Supplied Keyword: FN1, FN2 and FN3, fibronectin types I, II and III; Author-Supplied Keyword: HSQC, heteronuclear single quantum coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOESY, NOE spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOCSY, total COSY; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00890-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kollias, A.C.
AU  - Lester Jr., W.A.
T1  - Quantum Monte Carlo and electron localization function study of the electronic structure of CO2+
JO  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
JF  - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
Y1  - 2003/09/05/
VL  - 634
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01661280
AB  - The atomization energy and heat of formation of CO2+ are computed using the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) variant of quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) and compared with values determined at the Moller–Plesset second order (MP2), a generalized gradient approximation density functional theory (B3LYP-DFT), the coupled-cluster singles–doubles with perturbative triples [CCSD(T)] levels of theory. Hartree–Fock (HF) and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) trial functions were used in the DMC calculations. A CASSCF trial function (TF) was found to yield an 8.1 kcal/mol improvement for both properties relative to the HF TF value. The DMC calculation with the HF TF gave an atomization energy of 374.0 kcal/mol, while the DMC result with the CASSCF TF yielded 382.1 kcal/mol; the experimental atomization energy is 381 kcal/mol. The DMC heat of formation is: 234.7 kcal/mol using the HF TF and 226.7 kcal/mol using the CASSCF TF. These values lie closer to experiment than results obtained from the MP2, DFT, and CCSD(T) methods, all at the complete basis set limit.The bonding character of CO2+ and CS2+ was examined using the electron localization function (ELF) method. The HF, MP2, and B3LYP-DFT wave functions were projected onto the single–triple and double–double resonance forms of the molecules to determine the relative contribution of the two forms to the ground state geometry. The double–double resonance form was found to be the larger contributor to the ground state for both systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - CO2+ heat of formation
KW  - CS2+
KW  - Electron localization function
KW  - Quantum Monte Carlo
KW  - Quantum-chemical calculations
N1  - Accession Number: 10742581; Kollias, A.C. 1 Lester Jr., W.A.; Email Address: walester@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 634 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2+ heat of formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CS2+; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron localization function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum-chemical calculations; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0166-1280(03)00332-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chowell, G.
AU  - Fenimore, P.W.
AU  - Castillo-Garsow, M.A.
AU  - Castillo-Chavez, C.
T1  - SARS outbreaks in Ontario, Hong Kong and Singapore: the role of diagnosis and isolation as a control mechanism
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2003/09/07/
VL  - 224
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00225193
AB  - In this article we use global and regional data from the SARS epidemic in conjunction with a model of susceptible, exposed, infective, diagnosed, and recovered classes of people (“SEIJR”) to extract average properties and rate constants for those populations. The model is fitted to data from the Ontario (Toronto) in Canada, Hong Kong in China and Singapore outbreaks and predictions are made based on various assumptions and observations, including the current effect of isolating individuals diagnosed with SARS. The epidemic dynamics for Hong Kong and Singapore appear to be different from the dynamics in Toronto, Ontario. Toronto shows a very rapid increase in the number of cases between March 31st and April 6th, followed by a significant slowing in the number of new cases. We explain this as the result of an increase in the diagnostic rate and in the effectiveness of patient isolation after March 26th. Our best estimates are consistent with SARS eventually being contained in Toronto, although the time of containment is sensitive to the parameters in our model. It is shown that despite the empirically modeled heterogeneity in transmission, SARS’ average reproductive number is 1.2, a value quite similar to that computed for some strains of influenza (J. Math. Biol. 27 (1989) 233). Although it would not be surprising to see levels of SARS infection higher than 10% in some regions of the world (if unchecked), lack of data and the observed heterogeneity and sensitivity of parameters prevent us from predicting the long-term impact of SARS. The possibility that 10 or more percent of the world population at risk could eventually be infected with the virus in conjunction with a mortality rate of 3–7% or more, and indications of significant improvement in Toronto support the stringent measures that have been taken to isolate diagnosed cases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SARS (Disease)
KW  - EPIDEMICS
KW  - HONG Kong (China)
KW  - CHINA
KW  - Outbreak
KW  - SARS
KW  - SEIJR
N1  - Accession Number: 10424917; Chowell, G. 1,2; Email Address: gc82@cornell.edu Fenimore, P.W. 1 Castillo-Garsow, M.A. 3 Castillo-Chavez, C. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Warren Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  3: Universidad de Colima, Facultad de Ciencias & Facultad de Letras, Col. Villas de San Sebastián, 28045 Colima, Colima, Mexico; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 224 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SARS (Disease); Subject Term: EPIDEMICS; Subject Term: HONG Kong (China); Subject Term: CHINA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Outbreak; Author-Supplied Keyword: SARS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEIJR; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-5193(03)00228-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10424917&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerbi, J.E.
AU  - Auciello, O.
AU  - Birrell, J.
AU  - Gruen, D.M.
AU  - Alphenaar, B.W.
AU  - Carlisle, J.A.
T1  - Electrical contacts to ultrananocrystalline diamond.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2001
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The contact behavior of various metals on n-type nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) thin films has been investigated. The influences of the following parameters on the current–voltage characteristics of the contacts are presented: (1) electronegativity and work function of various metals, (2) an oxidizing acid surface cleaning step, and (3) oxide formation at the film/contact interface. Near-ideal ohmic contacts are formed in every case, while Schottky barrier contacts prove more elusive. These results counter most work discussed to date on thin diamond films, and are discussed in the context of the unique grain-boundary conductivity mechanism of the nitrogen-doped UNCD. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - ELECTRONEGATIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 10719122; Gerbi, J.E. 1; Email Address: gerbi@anl.gov Auciello, O. 1 Birrell, J. 1 Gruen, D.M. 1 Alphenaar, B.W. 2 Carlisle, J.A. 1; Email Address: carlisle@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Louisville, Kentucky; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 10, p2001; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: ELECTRONEGATIVITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1609043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kiliç, Ç
AU  - Zunger, Alex
T1  - Doping of chalcopyrites by hydrogen.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2007
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - First-principles total-energy calculations for hydrogen impurities in CuInSe[sub 2] (CIS) and CuGaSe[sub 2] (CGS) show that H[sup +] takes up the Cu–Se bond center position, whereas H[sup 0] and H[sup -] take up tetrahedral interstitial site next to In (in CIS) or Ga (in CGS). Hydrogen creates a negative-U center (i.e., H[sup 0] is never stable), with a (+/-) transition level at E[sub c]-0.39 eV in CIS, and E[sub c]-0.57 eV in CGS. However, once combined with the 2V[sub Cu][sup -]+III[sub Cu][sup 2+] complex, hydrogen forms shallower centers with transition levels at E[sub c]-0.15 eV in CIS, and E[sub c]-0.39 eV in CGS. We conclude that hydrogen could convert CIS to n type, but not CGS. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHALCOPYRITE
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 10719120; Kiliç, Ç 1; Email Address: ckilic@alumni.bilkent.edu.tr Zunger, Alex 1; Email Address: azunger@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 10, p2007; Subject Term: CHALCOPYRITE; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212234 Copper Ore and Nickel Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212233 Copper-zinc ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1608494
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10719120&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheon, K.O.
AU  - Shinar, J.
T1  - Combinatorial fabrication and study of doped-layer-thickness-dependent color evolution in bright small molecular organic light-emitting devices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2073
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The behavior of [N,N[sup ′]-diphenyl-N,N[sup ′]-bis(1-naphthylphenyl)-1,1[sup ′]-biphenyl-4,4[sup ′]-diamine (α-NPD)]/[5±0.6 wt % [(2-methyl-6-{2-[2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo(i,j)quinolizin-9-yl] ethenyl}-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)propane-dinitrile (DCM2)-doped α-NPD]/[4,4[sup ′]-bis(2,2[sup ′]-diphenylvinyl)-1,1[sup ′]-biphenyl] organic light-emitting devices is described. The color of the devices shifts from blue to red as the thickness of the doped layer increases from 0 to 35 Å. The 2-Å-thick doped layer device exhibited the highest brightness L∼120 Cd/m[sup 2] and external quantum efficiency η[sub ext]∼4.4% at a current density of 1 mA/cm2. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10719098; Cheon, K.O. 1 Shinar, J. 1; Email Address: shinar@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory—USDOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 10, p2073; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1601674
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Nancy B.
T1  - ZIRCONIUM.
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 81
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
EP  - 104
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Presents information on the chemical element zirconium.  Atomic mass; Presence of zirconium in S-type stars and moon rocks; Appearance; Use of zirconium as a key component of space vehicle parts because of its resistance to high temperatures.
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 10901232; Jackson, Nancy B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical & Biological Sensing, Imaging & Analysis Department, Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 81 Issue 36, p104; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lowden, Rick
T1  - TUNGSTEN.
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 81
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 142
EP  - 142
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Cites several data on the chemical element tungsten.  Origin of the term 'tungsten'; Atomic mass; Appearance; Use of tungsten in high-temperature applications such as heating elements.
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 10901251; Lowden, Rick 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 81 Issue 36, p142; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghiorso, Albert
T1  - EINSTEINIUM AND FERMIUM.
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 81
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
EP  - 175
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Cites several data on the chemical elements einsteinium and fermium.  Atomic masses; Radioactivity of the isotopes of both elements; Description of the appearance of both elements.
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 10901275; Ghiorso, Albert 1; Affiliation:  1: Glenn Seaborg's Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 81 Issue 36, p174; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Da Re, Ryan E.
AU  - Kuehl, Christopher J.
AU  - Brown, Mac G.
AU  - Rocha, Reginaldo C.
AU  - Bauer, Eric D.
AU  - John, Kevin D.
AU  - Morris, David E.
AU  - Shreve, Andrew P.
AU  - Sarrao, John L.
T1  - Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of the Novel Charge-Transfer Ground State in Diimine Complexes of Ytterbocene.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 42
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5551
EP  - 5559
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The novel charge-transfer ground state found in α.α'-diimine adducts of ytterbocene (C[sub 5]Me[sub 5])[sub 2]Yb(L) [L : 2,2'bipyridine (bpy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen)] in which an electron is spontaneously transferred from the f[sup 14] metal center into the lowest unoccupied (π[sup *]) molecular orbital (LUMO) of the diimine ligand to give an f[sup 13]-L[sup •-] ground-state electronic configuration has been characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis-near-IR electronic absorption, and resonance Raman spectroscopies. The voltammetric data demonstrate that the diimine ligand LUMO is stabilized and the metal f orbital is destabilized by ∼1.0 V each upon complexation for both bpy and phen adducts. The separation between the ligand-based oxidation wave (L[sup 0/-]) and the metal-based reduction wave (Yb[sup 3+/2+]) in the ytterbocene adducts is 0.79 V for both bpy and phen complexes. The UV--vis-near-IR absorption spectroscopic data for both the neutral adducts and the one-electron-oxidized complexes are consistent with those reported recently, but previously unreported bands in the near-IR have been recorded and assigned to ligand (π[sup *])-to-metal (f orbital) charge-transfer (LMCT) transitions. These optical electronic excited states are the converse of the ground-state charge-transfer process (e.g., f[sup 13]-L[sup •-] ↔ f[sup 14]-L[sup 0]). These new bands occur at ∼5000 cm[sup -1] in both adducts, consistent with predictions from electrochemical data, and the spacings of the resolved vibronic bands in these transitions are consistent with the removal of an electron from the ligand π[sup *] orbital. The unusually large intensity observed in the f → f intraconfiguration transitions for the neutral phenanthroline adduct is discussed in terms of an intensity-borrowing mechanism involving the Iow-energy LMCT states. Raman vibrational data clearly reveal resonance enhancement for excitation into the Iow-lying π[sup *] → π[sup *] ligand-localized excited states, and comparison of the vibrational energies with those reported for alkali-metal-reduced diimine ligands confirms that the ligands in the adducts are reduced radical anions. Differences in the resonance enhancement pattern for the modes in the bipyridine adduct with excitation into different π[sup *] → π[sup *] levels illustrate the different nodal structures that exist in the various Iow-lying π[sup *] orbitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10869892; Da Re, Ryan E. 1 Kuehl, Christopher J. 1 Brown, Mac G. 2 Rocha, Reginaldo C. 2 Bauer, Eric D. 3 John, Kevin D. 1 Morris, David E. 1; Email Address: demorris@lanl.gov Shreve, Andrew P. 2 Sarrao, John L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratoy, New Mexico  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  3: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 18, p5551; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bean, Amanda C.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E.
AU  - Runde, Wolfgang
T1  - Structural and Spectroscopic Trends in Actinyl Iodates of Uranium, Neptunium, and Plutonium.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 42
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5632
EP  - 5636
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Two neptunyl(Vl)iodates, NpO[sub 2](IO[sub 3])[sub 2](H[sub 2]O) (1) and NpO[sub 2](IO[sub 3])[sub 2]·H[sub 2]O (2), have been prepared from the aqueous reactions of Np(V) in HCI with KIO[sub 4] or H[sub 5]IO[sub 6] at 180 °C and have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Both compounds consist of two-dimensional arrangements of pentagonal bipyramidal [NpO[sub 7]] polyhedra with axial neptunyl, NpO[sub 2, sup 2+], dioxocations. In 1, the neptunium centers are bound in the equatorial plane by four bridging iodate anions and one terminal water molecule. The iodate anions link the [NpO[sub 7]] units into corrugated sheets that interact with one another through intermolecular IO[sub 3, sup -]···IO[sub 3, sup -]interactions as also observed in UO[sub 2](IO[sub 3])[sub 2](H[sub 2]0). Compound 2 is isostructural with the recently reported PuO[sub 2](lO[sub 3])[sub 2]·H[sub 2]O, where oxygen atoms from bridging iodate anions occupy the five equatorial sites around the neptunyl moieties. The iodate anions occur as both µ[sub 2]- and µ[sub 3]-units and link the neptunyl polyhedra into sheets. Both types of iodate anions have their stereochemically active lone-pair of electrons aligned on one side of each layer creating a polar structure. Raman spectra of 1, UO[sub 2](IO[sub 3])[sub 2](H[sub 2]O), and PuO[sub 2](IO[sub 3])[sub 2]·H[sub 2]O show a sequential shift of the v[sub 1](AnO[sub 2, sup 2+]) stretch to lower wavenumber as the atomic number of the actinide is increased. Crystallographic data: 1, orthorhombic, space group Pcan, a = 7.684(2) Å, b = 8.450(2) Å, c = 12.493(3) Å, Z= 4: 2, orthorhombic, space group Pna2[sub 1], a = 7.314(1) Å, b = 11.631(2) Å, c = 9.449(2) Å, Z = 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - IODATES
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - NEPTUNIUM
KW  - PLUTONIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10869900; Bean, Amanda C. 1,2 Scott, Brian L. 1 Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. 2 Runde, Wolfgang 1; Email Address: Runde@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Department of Chemistry and Leach Nuclear Science Center, Auburn University, Alabama; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 18, p5632; Subject Term: IODATES; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: NEPTUNIUM; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koshino, Nobuyoshi
AU  - Espenson, James H.
T1  - Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxygen Atom Transfer from Methyl Phenyl Sulfoxide to Triarylphosphines Catalyzed by an Oxorhenium(V) Dimer.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 42
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5735
EP  - 5742
SN  - 00201669
AB  - An oxorhenium(V) dimer, {MeReO(mtp)}[sub 2], D, where mtpH[sub 2] is 2-(mercaptomethyl)thiophenol, catalyzes oxygen atom transfer reaction from methyl phenyl sulfoxide to triarylphosphines. Kinetic studies in benzene-d[sub 6] at 23 °C indicate that the reaction takes place through the formation of an adduct between D and sulfoxide. The equilibrium constants, K[sub DL], for adduct formation were determined by spectrophotometric titration, and the values of K[sub DL] for MeS(O)C[sub 6]H[sub 4]-4-R were obtained as 14.1(2), 5.7(1), and 2.1(1) for R = Me, H, and Br, respectively. Following sulfoxide binding, oxygen atom transfer occurs with either internal or external nucleophilic assistance. Because {MeReO(mtp)}[sub 2] is a much more reactive catalyst than its monomerized form, MeReO(mtp)PPh[sub 3], loss of the active catalyst during the time course of the reaction must be taken into account as a part of the kinetic analysis. As it happens, sulfoxide catalyzes monomerization. Monomerization by triarylphosphines was also studied in the presence of sulfoxide, and a mechanism for that reaction was also proposed. Both the phosphine-assisted monomerization and the phosphine-assisted pathway for oxygen atom transfer involve transition states with ternary components, D, sulfoxide, and phosphine, which we suggest are structural isomers of one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DIMERS
KW  - THIOPHENES
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 10869913; Koshino, Nobuyoshi 1 Espenson, James H. 1; Email Address: espenson@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 18, p5735; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: THIOPHENES; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szpunar, D.E.
AU  - Y. Liu
AU  - Mccullagh, M.J.
AU  - Butlera, L.J.
AU  - Shu, J.
T1  - Photodissociation of allyl-d[sub 2] iodide excited at 193 nm: Stability of highly rotationally excited H[sub 2]CDCH[sub 2] radicals to C–D fission.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5078
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The photodissociation of allyl-d[sub 2] iodide (H[sub 2]C=CDCH[sub 2]I) and the dynamics of the nascent allyl-d[sub 2] radical (H[sub 2]CCDCH[sub 2]) were studied using photofragment translational spectroscopy. A previous study found the allyl radical stable at internal energies up to 15 kcal/mol higher than the 60 kcal/mol barrier to allene+H formation as the result of a centrifugal barrier. The deuterated allyl radical should then also show a stability to secondary dissociation at internal energies well above the barrier due to centrifugal effects. A comparison in this paper shows the allyl-d[sub 2] radical is stable to allene+D formation at energies of 2–3 kcal/mol higher than that of the nondeuterated allyl radical following photolysis of allyl iodide at 193 nm. This is most likely a result of a combination of the slight raising of the barrier from the difference in zero-point levels and a reduction of the impact parameter of the dissociative fragments due to the decrease in frequency of the C–D bending modes, and therefore allene+D product orbital angular momentum, |Lvector |=μ|vvector [sub rel]|b. The integrated signal taken at m/e=40 (allene) and m/e=41 (allene-d[sub 1] and propyne-d[sub 3]) shows a minor fraction of the allyl-d[sub 2] radicals isomerize to the 2-propenyl radical, in qualitative support of earlier conclusions of the domination of direct allene+H formation over isomerization. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
KW  - ALLYL halides
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - IODIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 10625758; Szpunar, D.E. 1 Y. Liu 1 Mccullagh, M.J. 1 Butlera, L.J. 1; Email Address: l-butler@uchicago.edu Shu, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: The James Franck Institute and Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 9/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 10, p5078; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; Subject Term: ALLYL halides; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: IODIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1596853
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu
AU  - W. C.
AU  - Wang
AU  - C. Z.
AU  - Nguyen
AU  - V.
AU  - Schmidt
AU  - M. W.
AU  - Gordon
AU  - M. S.
AU  - Ho
AU  - K. M.
T1  - Structures and Fragmentations of Small Silicon Oxide Clusters by ab Initio Calculations.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 6936
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The structures, energies, and fragmentation stabilities of silicon oxide clusters SimOn, with m = 1-5, n = 1, 2m + 1, are studied systematically by ab initio calculations. New structures for nine clusters are found to be energetically more favorable than previously proposed structures. Using the ground state structures and energies obtained from our calculations, we have also studied fragmentation pathways and dissociation energies of the clusters. Our computational results show that the dissociation energy is strongly correlated with the O/Si ratio. Oxygen-rich clusters tend to have larger dissociation energies, as well as larger HOMO-LUMO gaps. Our calculations also show that SiO is the most abundant species in the fragmentation products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SILICON compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 10905909; Lu W. C. 1 Wang C. Z. 1 Nguyen V. 1 Schmidt M. W. 1 Gordon M. S. 1 Ho K. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory U. S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 and Ames Laboratory U. S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 36, p6936; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu
AU  - W. C.
AU  - Wang
AU  - C. Z.
AU  - Nguyen
AU  - V.
AU  - Schmidt
AU  - M. W.
AU  - Gordon
AU  - M. S.
AU  - Ho
AU  - K. M.
T1  - Structures and Fragmentations of Small Silicon Oxide Clusters by ab Initio Calculations.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 6936
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The structures, energies, and fragmentation stabilities of silicon oxide clusters SimOn, with m = 1-5, n = 1, 2m + 1, are studied systematically by ab initio calculations. New structures for nine clusters are found to be energetically more favorable than previously proposed structures. Using the ground state structures and energies obtained from our calculations, we have also studied fragmentation pathways and dissociation energies of the clusters. Our computational results show that the dissociation energy is strongly correlated with the O/Si ratio. Oxygen-rich clusters tend to have larger dissociation energies, as well as larger HOMO-LUMO gaps. Our calculations also show that SiO is the most abundant species in the fragmentation products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 10905931; Lu W. C. 1 Wang C. Z. 1 Nguyen V. 1 Schmidt M. W. 1 Gordon M. S. 1 Ho K. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory U. S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 and Ames Laboratory U. S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 36, p6936; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan
AU  - Y.
AU  - Liu
AU  - P.
AU  - Wen
AU  - J. G.
AU  - To
AU  - B.
AU  - Al-Jassim
AU  - M. M.
T1  - In-Situ Formation of ZnO Nanobelts and Metallic Zn Nanobelts and Nanodisks.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 9701
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report on the in-situ formation of ZnO nanobelts and metallic Zn nanobelts and nanodisks in a transmission electron microscope by electron-beam irradiation of single-crystalline polyhedral Zn nanoparticles, which were synthesized by evaporating ZnO powder mixed with graphite in a N2 flowing carrying gas environment. ZnO and Zn nanobelts are both single-crystalline, have a top surface of ±{110}. a side surface of ±{100}, and a ±[001] growth direction. The zinc nanodisks have diameters of 10 nm to 0.3 μm, and thickness of about 0.1 μm. They usually have faceted hexagonal shapes with a top surface of ±(001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - HEXAGONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10905959; Yan Y. 1 Liu P. 1 Wen J. G. 1 To B. 1 Al-Jassim M. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 36, p9701; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: HEXAGONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu
AU  - R.
AU  - Ma
AU  - Z.
AU  - Zheng
AU  - J. P.
AU  - Au
AU  - G.
AU  - Plichta
AU  - E. J.
AU  - Ye
AU  - C.
T1  - High-Resolution 7Li Solid-State NMR Study of LixV2O5 Cathode Electrodes for Li-Rechargeable Batteries.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 9730
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The LixV2O5 cathode of Li-rechargeable battery cells under three different charge states have been studied by high-resolution solid-state 7Li magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. In the charged and discharged states, three different 7Li NMR resonances, corresponding to the Li+ ions in the electrolyte, in the V2O5 cathode, and on the surface of the V2O5 cathode, were identified by their spin-lattice relaxation times in inversion recovery experiments. Only signals of the Li+ ions in the electrolyte were observed in the over charged state. It is shown experimentally that the Li+ ions in the electrolyte experience a dynamics or exchange process in a time scale of milliseconds with those in the V2O5 cathode, in particular for the discharged state, where a severe cross relaxation effect was observed in the inversion recovery for the Li+ ions in the electrolyte. It is concluded that such an exchange is mediated by the Li+ ions on the surface of the V2O5 cathode. Therefore, the surface structure of the V2O5 cathode electrode plays an important role in the reversibility of the Li+ ions in the rechargeable battery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10905964; Fu R. 1 Ma Z. 1 Zheng J. P. 1 Au G. 1 Plichta E. J. 1 Ye C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University and Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, U.S. Army Communications-Electronics Command, Ft. Monmouth, New Jersey 07703, and Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 36, p9730; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: IONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arenz
AU  - M.
AU  - Schmidt
AU  - T. J.
AU  - Wandelt
AU  - K.
AU  - Ross
AU  - P. N.
AU  - Markovic
AU  - N. M.
T1  - The Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Thin Palladium Films Supported on a Pt(111) Electrode.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 9813
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acid and alkaline solutions is investigated on thin Pd films (0 < θPd < 1.5 ML) supported on a Pt(111) electrode. In 0.1 M KOH, the general form of the current vs ϑPd relationship for the ORR has a volcano shape, with the maximum catalytic activity exhibited by a surface modified with 1 ML of Pd. However, if the amount of Pd deposited exceeds 1 ML, the reaction is inhibited and 1.5 ML of Pd are less active than unmodified Pt(111). In 0.1 M HClO4, none of the Pd films are more active than Pt(111). In solution containing Cl- (ca. 106-10-5 M), the inhibition on the Pt(111)-Pd electrode is much more severe than on bare Pt(111) due to stronger anion adsorption on Pd. We present an interpretation of the kinetics of the ORR on Pt modified by thin Pd films in alkaline and acid solution based on the electronic properties of the Pd films and how the electronic properties effect specific anion adsorption, the formation of OHad and the adsorption of the reaction intermediates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - ALKALOIDS
KW  - ELECTRODES
N1  - Accession Number: 10905977; Arenz M. 1 Schmidt T. J. 1 Wandelt K. 1 Ross P. N. 1 Markovic N. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Wegelerstr.12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 36, p9813; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: ALKALOIDS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Leif
AU  - Zachariah, Cherian
AU  - Thirumoorthy, Ramanan
AU  - Rocca, Jim
AU  - Novák, Jan
AU  - Hillman, J.D.
AU  - Edison, Arthur S.
T1  - Structure and Dynamics of the Lantibiotic Mutacin 1140.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/09/
VL  - 42
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 10372
EP  - 10384
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Mutacin 1140 is a member of a family of ribosomally synthesized peptide bacteriocins called lantibiotics (lanthionine-containing antibiotics) and is produced by the Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus mutans. Mutacin 1140 has been shown to be effective against a broad array of Gram-positive bacteria. Chromatography and mass spectroscopy data suggested that mutacin 1140 forms a small compact structure. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data and restrained molecular dynamics simulations showed that mutacin 1140 interconverts between multiple structures. Calculations of scalar (J) coupling constants showed the best agreement with experimental values when the entire population-weighted ensemble of structures was used, providing independent support for the ensemble. Representative structures from each major group in the ensemble had a common feature in which they are all kinked around the hinge region forming a horseshoe-like shape, and the regions of flexibility of the molecule were limited and welldefined. The structures determined in this study provide a starting point for modeling the mutacin 1140membrane interactions and pore formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIOCINS
KW  - STREPTOCOCCUS mutans
KW  - ANTIBACTERIAL agents
N1  - Accession Number: 10920206; Smith, Leif 1,2 Zachariah, Cherian 3 Thirumoorthy, Ramanan 4,5 Rocca, Jim 6 Novák, Jan 7 Hillman, J.D. 2,8 Edison, Arthur S. 1,3,6; Affiliation:  1: University of Florida Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience  2: Oragenics, Inc.  3: University of Florida, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology  4: University of Florida, Department of Chemistry  5: Department o Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo  6: McKnight Brain Institute of the University of Florida and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory  7: University of Alabama at Birmingham  8: Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida; Source Info: 9/9/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 35, p10372; Subject Term: BACTERIOCINS; Subject Term: STREPTOCOCCUS mutans; Subject Term: ANTIBACTERIAL agents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 10 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pacheco, Manuel
AU  - Sira, Jorge
AU  - Kopasz, John
T1  - Reaction kinetics and reactor modeling for fuel processing of liquid hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen: isooctane reforming
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 250
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - A mathematical model was developed in the framework of the process simulator Aspen Plus® in order to describe the reaction kinetics and performance of a fuel processor used for autothermal reforming of liquid hydrocarbons. Experimental results obtained in the facilities of Argonne National Laboratories (ANL) when reforming isooctane using a ceria-oxide catalyst impregnated with platinum were used in order to validate the reactor model. The reaction kinetics and reaction schemes were taken from published literature and most of the chemical reactions were modeled using the Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson (LHHW) formulation to account for the effect of adsorption of reactants and products on the active sites of the catalyst. The water-gas-shift (WGS) reactor used to reduce the concentration of CO in the reformate was also modeled. Both reactor models use a simplified formulation for estimating the effectiveness factor of each chemical reaction in order to account for the effect of intraparticle mass transfer limitations on the reactor performance. Since the data in the literature on kinetics of autothermal reforming of liquid hydrocarbons using CeO2-Pt catalyst is scarce, the proposed kinetic model for the reaction network was coupled to the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm implemented in Aspen Plus® in order to regress the kinetic constants for the different reactions. The model describes the trend of the experimental data in terms of hydrogen yield and distribution of products with a relative deviation of ±15% for reforming temperatures between 600 and 800 °C and reactor space velocities between 15 000 and 150 000 h−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - FUEL pumps
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Kinetic modeling
KW  - Reactor modeling
KW  - Reforming
N1  - Accession Number: 10634638; Pacheco, Manuel 1; Email Address: manuelpachecog@yahoo.com Sira, Jorge 2 Kopasz, John 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Refining and Petrochemicals, Center for Research and Development of the Venezuelan Oil Industry (PDVSA-Intevep), Sector el Tambor, P.O. Box 76343, Los Teques, Edo Miranda, Venezuela  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela  3: US Department of Energy, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 250 Issue 1, p161; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: FUEL pumps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gasoline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactor modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reforming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336320 Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336310 Motor Vehicle Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0926-860X(03)00291-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldhaber, Maurice
T1  - NEUTRINOS. PAST AND PRESENT.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 18
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 3753
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Focuses on the pioneer work of Ray Davis and Toshi Koshiba on extraterrestrial neutrinos.  Neutrino temperature in a supernova collapse; Neutrino helicity.
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - DAVIS, Ray
KW  - KOSHIBA, Toshi
N1  - Accession Number: 11243477; Goldhaber, Maurice 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Departemnt, Upton; Source Info: 9/10/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 22, p3753; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; People: DAVIS, Ray; People: KOSHIBA, Toshi; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McFarland, K.S.
AU  - Zeller, G.P.
AU  - Adams, T.
AU  - Alton, A.
AU  - Avvakunov, S.
AU  - de Barbaro, L.
AU  - de Barbaro, P.
AU  - Bernstein, R.H.
AU  - Bodek, A.
AU  - Bolton, T.
AU  - Brau, J.
AU  - Buchholz, D.
AU  - Budd, H.
AU  - Bugel, L.
AU  - Conrad, J.
AU  - Ducker, R.B.
AU  - Fleming, B.T.
AU  - Frey, R.
AU  - Formaggio, J.A.
T1  - sin[sup2] 0[subw] FROM NEUTRINO SCATTERING AT NUTEV.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 18
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 3841
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - The NuTeV collaboration has performed precision measurements of the ratio of neutral current to charged current cross-sections in high rate, high energy neutrino and anti-neutrino beams on a dense, primarily steel, target. The separate neutrino and anti-neutrino beams, high statistics, and improved control of other experimental systematics, allow the determination of electroweak parameters with significantly greater precision than past νN scattering experiments. Our null hypothesis test of the standard model prediction measures sin² θ[sup (on-shell), sub W] = 0.2277 ± 0.0013(stat) ± 0.0009(syst), a value which is 3.0σ above the prediction. We discuss possible explanations for and implications of this discrepancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - NEUTRINOS
N1  - Accession Number: 11246549; McFarland, K.S. 1 Zeller, G.P. 2 Adams, T. 3 Alton, A. 1 Avvakunov, S. 2 de Barbaro, L. 1 de Barbaro, P. 4 Bernstein, R.H. 1 Bodek, A. 3 Bolton, T. 5 Brau, J. 2 Buchholz, D. 1 Budd, H. 1 Bugel, L. 4 Conrad, J. 1 Ducker, R.B. 3 Fleming, B.T. 5 Frey, R. 2 Formaggio, J.A.; Affiliation:  1: University of Rochester  2: Northwestern University, Evanston  3: Kansas State University  4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory  5: University of Oregon; Source Info: 9/10/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 22, p3841; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albright, Carl H.
T1  - SO (10) MODELS AND THEIR PRESENT SUCCESS IN EXPLAINING MASS AND MIXING DATA.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 18
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 3947
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Some features of SO(10) GUT models are reviewed, and a number of such models in the literature are compared. While some have been eliminated by recent neutrino data, others are presently successful in explaining the quark and lepton mass and mixing data. A short description of one very predictive model is given which illustrates some of the features discussed. Future tests of the models are pointed out including one which contrasts sharply with those models based on an L[sub e] - L[sub μ] - L[sub τ] type symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11246631; Albright, Carl H. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Source Info: 9/10/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 22, p3947; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harris, Deborah A.
T1  - PROSPECTS FOR CONVENTIONAL LONG-BASELINE OSCILLATION EXPERIMENTS AND COMPARISON WITH A NEUTRINO FACTORY.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 18
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4027
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - The field of neutrino oscillation physics is changing dramatically from one of exploration of an unexpected phenomenon to real measurements of the leptonic mixing and mass matrices. As the purposes of oscillation experiments change the detector and beamline requirements also change, such that future experiments are not simple extensions of the current round of experiments. This report discusses what the challenges in the next step are, what beamline techniques have been suggested to meet these challenges, and finally, what the detector possibilities are for precision measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11256241; Harris, Deborah A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Source Info: 9/10/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 22, p4027; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bowles, Thomas J.
T1  - A NATIONAL UNDERGROUND SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LABORATORY.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 18
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4129
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Reports on an effort in the United States to create a National Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (NUSEL).  Issue in modern physics; Possible sites for NUSEL.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11257383; Bowles, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: tjb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/10/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 22, p4129; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Egli, Martin
AU  - Tereshko, Valentina
AU  - Mushudov, Garib N.
AU  - Sanishvili, Ruslan
AU  - Xiaoyang Liu
AU  - Lewis, Frederick D.
T1  - Face-to-Face and Edge-to-Face π-π Interactions in a Synthetic DNA Hairpin with a Stilbenediether Linker.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 125
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 10842
EP  - 10849
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Synthetic conjugates possessing bis(2-hydroxyethyl)stilbene-4,4'-diether linkers (Sd2) form the most stable DNA hairpins reported to date. Factors that affect stability are length and flexibility of the linkers and π-stacking of the stilbene moiety on the adjacent base pair. The crystal structure of the hairpin d(GT[sub 4]G)Sd2-d(CA[sub 4]C) was determined at 1.5 Å resolution. The conformations of the two molecules in the asymmetric unit differ both in the linker and the stem portions. One of them shows a planar stilbene that is stacked on the adjacent G:C base pair. The other displays considerable rotation between the phenyl rings and an unprecedented edge-to-face orientation of stilbene and base pair. The observation of considerable variations in the conformation of the Sd moiety in the crystal structure allows us to exclude restriction of motion as the reason for the absence of Sd photoisomerization in the hairpins. Conformational differences in the stem portion of the two hairpin molecules go along with different Mg[sup 2+] binding modes. Most remarkable among them is the sequence-specific coordination of a metal ion in the narrow A-tract minor groove. The crystal structure provides unequivocal evidence that a fully hydrated Mg[sup 2+] ion can penetrate the narrow A-tract minor groove, causing the groove to further contract. Overall, the structural data provide a better understanding of the origins of hairpin stability and their photochemical behavior in solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - STILBENE
N1  - Accession Number: 10891167; Egli, Martin 1; Email Address: martin.egli@vanderbilt.edu Tereshko, Valentina 1 Mushudov, Garib N. 2 Sanishvili, Ruslan 3 Xiaoyang Liu 4 Lewis, Frederick D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee  2: Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, United Kingdom  3: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  4: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Illinois; Source Info: 9/10/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 36, p10842; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: STILBENE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan, Roger M.
AU  - Haiming Liu
AU  - Smith, D. Steve
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
AU  - Osterhout, Derek
AU  - Ciraolo, Michael
AU  - Grey, Clare P.
AU  - Martin, James D.
T1  - Sorptive Reconstruction of the CuAlCl[sub 4] Framework upon Reversible Ethylene Binding.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 125
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 11065
EP  - 11079
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Three ethylene adducts to CuAlCl[sub 4] have been characterized by single crystal and/or powder X-ray diffraction, [sup 13]C, [sup 27]Al and [sup 63]Cu MAS NMR and diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy. (C[sub 2]H[sub 4])[sub 2]CuAlCl[sub 4], a = 7.1274(5) b = 12.509(1) c = 11.997(3) β = 91.19°, Pc, Z = 4; α-(C[sub 2]H[sub 4])CuAlCl[sub 4], a =7.041(3) b = 10.754(8) c =11.742(9) β = 102.48(6), P2[sub 1], Z = 4 and β-(C[sub 2]H[sub 4])CuAlCl[sub 4], a = 7.306(2), b = 16.133(3), c = 7.094(1), Pna2[sub 1], Z = 4. Up to 2 equiv of ethylene (∼200 cm³/g relative to stp) are sorbed at room temperatures and pressures as low as 300 Torr. The ethylene ligands are bound to copper (I) primarily through a σ-interaction, because the AlCl[sub 4, sup -] groups also bound to copper prevent any significant π-backbonding. The olefin binding is reversible and has been characterized by gravimetric and volumetric adsorption analysis and by time and pressure resolved synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Comparison of the parent crystal structure to those of the adduct phases provide an atomistic picture of the sorptive reconstruction reactions. These are proposed to proceed by a classic substitution mechanism that is directed by the van der Waals channels of the parent crystalline lattice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 10891193; Sullivan, Roger M. 1 Haiming Liu 2 Smith, D. Steve 1 Hanson, Jonathan C. 3 Osterhout, Derek 1 Ciraolo, Michael 2 Grey, Clare P. 2 Martin, James D. 1; Email Address: jdmartin@ncsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook  2: Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University  3: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 9/10/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 36, p11065; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minchul Yang
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - Evidence for Cyclohexyl as a Reactive Surface Intermediate during High-Pressure Cyclohexane Catalytic Reactions on Pt(111) by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/09/10/
VL  - 125
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 11131
EP  - 11135
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Sum frequency generation (SFG) surface vibrational spectroscopy has been used to identify reactive surface intermediates in situ during catalytic dehydrogenation reactions of high-pressure cyclohexane (C[sub 6]H[sub 12]) on the Pt(111) crystal surface in the presence and absence of high-pressure hydrogen. These experiments provide the first spectroscopic evidence of cyclohexyl (C[sub 6]H[sub 11]) as a reactive surface intermediate during the cyclohexane catalytic conversion to benzene at high pressure in the presence of excess hydrogen. In addition, it was proposed from temperature-dependent SFG experiments that dehydrogenation of cyclohexyl is a rate-limiting step in the cyclohexane catalytic conversion to benzene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLOHEXANE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10891199; Minchul Yang 1 Somorjai, Gabor A. 1; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, and the Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 9/10/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 36, p11131; Subject Term: CYCLOHEXANE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clarke, John
T1  - Condensed-matter physics: Vortices and hearts.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/09/11/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6954
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Studies a single vortex of flux formed inside a superconducting Josephson junction which has been detected undergoing quantum tunneling.  Controversy on the quantum tunneling of Abrikosov vortices; Annular junction made between two narrow rings of the superconductor niobium; Developments in superconducting qubits.
KW  - JOSEPHSON junctions
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - NIOBIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10800573; Clarke, John 1; Email Address: jclarke@physics.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, and the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 9/11/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6954, p133; Subject Term: JOSEPHSON junctions; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: NIOBIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/425133a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batarin, V.A.
AU  - Butler, J.
AU  - Derevschikov, A.A.
AU  - Fomin, Yu.V.
AU  - Frolov, V.
AU  - Grishin, V.N.
AU  - Kachanov, V.A.
AU  - Khodyrev, V.Y.
AU  - Konstantinov, A.S.
AU  - Kravtsov, V.I.
AU  - Kubota, Y.
AU  - Leontiev, V.M.
AU  - Maisheev, V.A.
AU  - Matulenko, Ya.A.
AU  - Meschanin, A.P.
AU  - Melnick, Y.M.
AU  - Minaev, N.G.
AU  - Mochalov, V.V.
AU  - Morozov, D.A.
AU  - Nogach, L.V.
T1  - Development of a momentum determined electron beam in the 1–<f>45 GeV</f> range
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/11/
VL  - 510
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A beam line for electrons with energies in the range of 1–<f>45 GeV</f>, low contamination of hadrons and muons and high intensity up to <f>106</f> per accelerator spill at <f>27 GeV</f> was setup at U70 accelerator in Protvino, Russia. A beam tagging system based on drift chambers with <f>160 μm</f> resolution was able to measure relative electron beam momentum precisely. The resolution <f>σp/p</f> was 0.13% at <f>45 GeV</f> where multiple scattering is negligible. This test beam setup provided a possibility to study properties of lead tungstate crystals <f>(PbWO4)</f> for the BTeV experiment at Fermilab. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Beam line
KW  - Momentum resolution
KW  - Tracking
N1  - Accession Number: 10635540; Batarin, V.A. 1 Butler, J. 2 Derevschikov, A.A. 1 Fomin, Yu.V. 1 Frolov, V. 3 Grishin, V.N. 1 Kachanov, V.A. 1 Khodyrev, V.Y. 1 Konstantinov, A.S. 1 Kravtsov, V.I. 1 Kubota, Y. 3 Leontiev, V.M. 1 Maisheev, V.A. 1 Matulenko, Ya.A. 1 Meschanin, A.P. 1 Melnick, Y.M. 1 Minaev, N.G. 1 Mochalov, V.V. 1 Morozov, D.A. 1 Nogach, L.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for High Energy Physics, Pobeda Str. 1, Protvino 142281, Russia  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 510 Issue 3, p211; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam line; Author-Supplied Keyword: Momentum resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01860-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawson, I.
AU  - Buttar, C.
AU  - Mokhov, N.
AU  - Moraes, A.
AU  - Shupe, M.
T1  - Predicting the radiation environment at high-luminosity hadron-collider experiments
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/11/
VL  - 510
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The physics requirements of future hadron-collider experiments require very high collision rates, leading to harsh radiation environments never before confronted in large-scale high-energy physics experiments. The high levels of radiation backgrounds becomes a major design criterion for such experiments. Considering the enormous cost and effort involved in building modern high-energy physics experiments, it is vital that particle fluences and energy depositions can be predicted reliably. This is done using Monte-Carlo simulation programs. Given in this paper are the results of comparisons in which the predictions of different simulation programs, all used in the evaluation of radiation backgrounds in the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, are analysed. Such comparisons give confidence when the predictions agree, and possible cause for further investigation when they disagree. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Comparisons
KW  - LHC experiments
KW  - Radiation backgrounds
KW  - Simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 10635541; Dawson, I. 1; Email Address: ian.dawson@cern.ch Buttar, C. 1 Mokhov, N. 2 Moraes, A. 1 Shupe, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Sheffield, The Hicks Building, Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK  2: Beam Physics Department, FermiLab, IL 60510-0500, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ 85721, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 510 Issue 3, p219; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Comparisons; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation backgrounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulations; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01861-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batarin, V.A.
AU  - Brennan, T.
AU  - Butler, J.
AU  - Cheung, H.
AU  - Derevschikov, A.A.
AU  - Fomin, Y.V.
AU  - Frolov, V.
AU  - Goncharenko, Y.M.
AU  - Grishin, V.N.
AU  - Kachanov, V.A.
AU  - Khodyrev, V.Y.
AU  - Khroustalev, K.
AU  - Konstantinov, A.S.
AU  - Kravtsov, V.I.
AU  - Kubota, Y.
AU  - Leontiev, V.M.
AU  - Maisheev, V.A.
AU  - Matulenko, Y.A.
AU  - Melnick, Y.M.
AU  - Meschanin, A.P.
T1  - Precision measurement of energy and position resolutions of the BTeV electromagnetic calorimeter prototype
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/11/
VL  - 510
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 248
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The energy dependence of the energy and position resolutions of the electromagnetic calorimeter prototype made of lead tungstate crystals produced in Bogoroditsk (Russia) and Shanghai (China) is presented. These measurements were carried out at the Protvino accelerator using a 1–<f>45 GeV</f> electron beam. The crystals were coupled to photomultiplier tubes. The dependence of energy and position resolutions on different factors as well as the measured electromagnetic shower lateral profile are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Calorimeter
KW  - Energy resolution
KW  - Position resolution
KW  - Scintillating crystal
KW  - Shower profile
N1  - Accession Number: 10635543; Batarin, V.A. 1 Brennan, T. 2 Butler, J. 2 Cheung, H. 2 Derevschikov, A.A. 1 Fomin, Y.V. 1 Frolov, V. 3 Goncharenko, Y.M. 1 Grishin, V.N. 1 Kachanov, V.A. 1 Khodyrev, V.Y. 1 Khroustalev, K. 4 Konstantinov, A.S. 1 Kravtsov, V.I. 1 Kubota, Y. 3 Leontiev, V.M. 1 Maisheev, V.A. 1 Matulenko, Y.A. 1 Melnick, Y.M. 1 Meschanin, A.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for High Energy Physics, Pobeda Str. 1, Protvino 142281, Russia  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  4: Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1130, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 510 Issue 3, p248; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillating crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shower profile; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01862-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Huang, J.Y.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Zhou, F.
AU  - Lavernia, E.J.
T1  - Nanostructures and deformation mechanisms in a cryogenically ball-milled Al-Mg alloy.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/09/11/
VL  - 83
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 3065
SN  - 14786435
AB  - An Al-7.6 at.% Mg alloy was ball milled in liquid N 2 for 8 h and its microstructures were investigated using transmission electron microscopy. Electron diffraction confirmed that the resulting powder is a supersaturated Al-Mg solid solution with an fcc structure. Three typical nanostructures with different grain-size ranges and shapes were observed and the deformation mechanisms in these structures were found to be different. High densities of dislocations were found in large crystallites, implying that dislocation slip is the dominant deformation mechanism. The dislocations rearranged to form small-angle subboundaries upon further deformation, resulting in the formation of medium-sized crystallites with diameters of 10-30 nm. In very small crystallites with dimensions less than 10 nm, twinning becomes an important deformation mechanism. The reasons for the different deformation mechanisms were discussed. Some defects, such as twin boundaries, and small- and large-angle grain boundaries were investigated in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 10720063; Liao, X.Z. 1; Email Address: xzliao@lanl.gov Huang, J.Y. 1 Zhu, Y.T. 1 Zhou, F. 2 Lavernia, E.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis; Source Info: 9/11/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 26, p3065; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bedaque, P.F.
AU  - Hammer, H.-W.
AU  - van Kolck, U.
T1  - Narrow resonances in effective field theory
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/09/11/
VL  - 569
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 167
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We discuss the power counting for effective field theories with narrow resonances near a two-body threshold. Close to threshold, the effective field theory is perturbative and only one combination of coupling constants is fine-tuned. In the vicinity of the resonance, a second, “kinematic” fine-tuning requires a nonperturbative resummation. We illustrate our results in the case of nucleon-alpha scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS research
KW  - Effective field theory
KW  - Narrow resonances
N1  - Accession Number: 18387462; Bedaque, P.F. 1 Hammer, H.-W. 2; Email Address: hammer@itkp.uni-bonn.de van Kolck, U. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik (Abt. Theorie), Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany  3: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  4: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 569 Issue 3/4, p159; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS research; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effective field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Narrow resonances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.07.049
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, J.A.
AU  - Pérez, M.
AU  - Jirsak, T.
AU  - Evans, J.
AU  - Hrbek, J.
AU  - González, L.
T1  - Activation of Au nanoparticles on oxide surfaces: reaction of SO2 with Au/MgO(1 0 0)
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/12/
VL  - 378
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 526
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Photoemission, thermal desorption spectroscopy and density-functional calculations were used to study the chemistry of SO2 on Au nanoparticles supported on MgO(1 0 0). The heat of adsorption of the molecule on the Au nanoparticles is ∼15 kcal/mol compared to 8 kcal for SO2 on Au(1 1 1). corner sites in the Au nanoparticles are responsible for this difference in reactivity. The dissociation of SO2 on Au/MgO(1 0 0) is very limited due to weak Au <f>↔</f> MgO interactions. A comparison of the behavior of SO2 on Au/MgO(1 0 0) and Au/TiO2(1 1 0) shows how important can be the effects of the oxide support for the activation of Au nanoparticles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - THERMAL desorption
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 10806687; Rodriguez, J.A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Pérez, M. 2 Jirsak, T. 1 Evans, J. 2 Hrbek, J. 1 González, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 378 Issue 5/6, p526; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: THERMAL desorption; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01341-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Binz, Sara K.
AU  - Ye Lao
AU  - Lowry, David F.
AU  - Wold, Marc S.
T1  - The Phosphorylation Domain of the 32-kDA Subunit of Replication Protein A (RPA) Modulates RPA-DNA Interactions.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/12/
VL  - 278
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 35584
EP  - 35591
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Replication protein A (RPA) is a heterotrimeric (subunits of 70, 32, and 14 kDa) single-stranded DNA-binding protein that is required for DNA replication, recombination, and repair. The 40-residue N-terminal domain of the 32-kDa subunit of RPA (RPA32) becomes phosphorylated during S-phase and after DNA damage. Recently it has been shown that phosphorylation or the addition of negative charges to this N-terminal phosphorylation domain modulates RPA-protein interactions and increases cell sensitivity to DNA damage. We found that addition of multiple negative charges to the N.terminal phosphorylation domain also caused a significant decrease in the ability of a mutant form of RPA to destabilize double-stranded (ds) DNA Kinetic studies suggested that the addition of negative charges to the N-terminal phosphorylation domain caused defects in both complex formation (nucleation) and subsequent destabilization of dsDNA by RPA. We conclude that the N-terminal phosphorylation domain modulates RPA interactions with dsDNA. Similar changes in DNA interactions were observed with a mutant form of RPA in which the N-terminal domain of the 70-kDa subunit was deleted. This suggested a functional link between the Nterminal domains of the 70- and 32-kDa subunits of RPA. NMR experiments provided evidence for a direct interaction between the N-terminal domain of the 70-kDa subunit and the negatively charged N-terminal phosphorylation domain of RPA32. These findings suggest that phosphorylation causes a conformational change in the RPA complex that regulates RPA function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - DNA-binding proteins
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - DNA damage
N1  - Accession Number: 10995849; Binz, Sara K. 1 Ye Lao 1 Lowry, David F. 2 Wold, Marc S. 1; Email Address: marc-wold@uiowa.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington; Source Info: 9/12/2003, Vol. 278 Issue 37, p35584; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: DNA-binding proteins; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: DNA damage; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, Rhiju
AU  - Kwok, Lisa W.
AU  - Millett, Ian S.
AU  - Bai, Yu
AU  - Mills, Thalia T.
AU  - Jacob, Jaby
AU  - Maskel, Gregory S.
AU  - Seifert, Soenke
AU  - Mochrie, Simon G. J.
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P.
AU  - Doniach, Sebastian
AU  - Pollack, Lois
AU  - Herschlag, Daniel
T1  - The Fastest Global Events in RNA Folding: Electrostatic Relaxation and Tertiary Collapse of the Tetrahymena Ribozyme
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/09/12/
VL  - 332
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Large RNAs can collapse into compact conformations well before the stable formation of the tertiary contacts that define their final folds. This study identifies likely physical mechanisms driving these early compaction events in RNA folding. We have employed time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering to monitor the fastest global shape changes of the Tetrahymena ribozyme under different ionic conditions and with RNA mutations that remove long-range tertiary contacts. A partial collapse in each of the folding time-courses occurs within tens of milliseconds with either monovalent or divalent cations. Combined with comparison to predictions from structural models, this observation suggests a relaxation of the RNA to a more compact but denatured conformational ensemble in response to enhanced electrostatic screening at higher ionic concentrations. Further, the results provide evidence against counterion-correlation-mediated attraction between RNA double helices, a recently proposed model for early collapse. A previous study revealed a second 100 ms phase of collapse to a globular state. Surprisingly, we find that progression to this second early folding intermediate requires RNA sequence motifs that eventually mediate native long-range tertiary interactions, even though these regions of the RNA were observed to be solvent-accessible in previous footprinting studies under similar conditions. These results help delineate an analogy between the early conformational changes in RNA folding and the “burst phase” changes and molten globule formation in protein folding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - burst phase
KW  - electrostatic relaxation
KW  - molten globule
KW  - RNA folding
KW  - time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering
KW  - trSAXS, time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10632753; Das, Rhiju 1,2 Kwok, Lisa W. 3 Millett, Ian S. 4 Bai, Yu 2,5 Mills, Thalia T. 3 Jacob, Jaby 6,7 Maskel, Gregory S. 3 Seifert, Soenke 8 Mochrie, Simon G. J. 9 Thiyagarajan, P. 6 Doniach, Sebastian 1 Pollack, Lois 3 Herschlag, Daniel 2,4,5; Email Address: herschla@cmgm.stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4060, USA  2: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Beckman Center Room B400, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5307, USA  3: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  5: Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  6: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  7: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637,USA  8: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  9: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 332 Issue 2, p311; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: burst phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrostatic relaxation; Author-Supplied Keyword: molten globule; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA folding; Author-Supplied Keyword: time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: trSAXS, time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00854-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paaventhan, Palasingam
AU  - Joseph, Jeremiah S.
AU  - Seow, See Voon
AU  - Vaday, Shai
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Chua, Kaw Yan
AU  - Kolatkar, Prasanna R.
T1  - A 1.7 A˚ Structure of Fve, a Member of the New Fungal Immunomodulatory Protein Family
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/09/12/
VL  - 332
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Fve, a major fruiting body protein from Flammulina velutipes, a mushroom possessing immunomodulatory activity, stimulates lymphocyte mitogenesis, suppresses systemic anaphylaxis reactions and edema, enhances transcription of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α, and hemagglutinates red blood cells. It appears to be a lectin with specificity for complex cell-surface carbohydrates. Fve is a non-covalently linked homodimer containing no Cys, His or Met residues. It shares sequence similarity only to the other fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) LZ-8, Gts, Vvo and Vvl, all of unknown structure. The 1.7 A˚ structure of Fve solved by single anomalous diffraction of NaBr-soaked crystals is novel: each monomer consists of an N-terminal α-helix followed by a fibronectin III (FNIII) fold. The FNIII fold is the first instance of “pseudo-h-type” topology, a transition between the seven β-stranded s-type and the eight β-stranded h-type topologies. The structure suggests that dimerization, critical for the activity of FIPs, occurs by 3-D domain swapping of the N-terminal helices and is stabilized predominantly by hydrophobic interactions. The structure of Fve is the first in this lectin family to be reported, and the first of an FNIII domain-containing protein of fungal origin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - IMMUNE response -- Regulation
KW  - MITOGENS
KW  - 3-D domain swapping
KW  - FIP, fungal immunomodulatory protein
KW  - FNIII fold
KW  - FNIII, fibronectin III
KW  - fungal immunomodulatory protein
KW  - IFN-γ, interferon-γ
KW  - IL-2, interleukin-2
KW  - lectin
KW  - PDB, Protein Data Bank
KW  - pseudo-h-topology
KW  - RMSD, root-mean-square deviation
KW  - SAD, single anomalous diffraction
KW  - SCOP, structural classification of proteins
KW  - TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
N1  - Accession Number: 10632765; Paaventhan, Palasingam 1 Joseph, Jeremiah S. 1 Seow, See Voon 2 Vaday, Shai 3 Robinson, Howard 3 Chua, Kaw Yan 2 Kolatkar, Prasanna R. 1; Email Address: gisprk@nus.edu.sg; Affiliation:  1: Genome Institute of Singapore, 1 Science Park Road, The Capricorn, Science Park II, Singapore, Singapore 117528  2: Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 199260  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 332 Issue 2, p461; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: IMMUNE response -- Regulation; Subject Term: MITOGENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-D domain swapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: FIP, fungal immunomodulatory protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: FNIII fold; Author-Supplied Keyword: FNIII, fibronectin III; Author-Supplied Keyword: fungal immunomodulatory protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFN-γ, interferon-γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: IL-2, interleukin-2; Author-Supplied Keyword: lectin; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDB, Protein Data Bank; Author-Supplied Keyword: pseudo-h-topology; Author-Supplied Keyword: RMSD, root-mean-square deviation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAD, single anomalous diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: SCOP, structural classification of proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00923-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minniti, Dante
AU  - Borissova, Jura
AU  - Rejkuba, Marina
AU  - Alves, David R.
AU  - Cook, Kern H.
AU  - Freeman, Kenneth C.
T1  - Kinematic Evidence for an Old Stellar Halo in the LargeMagellanic Cloud.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/09/12/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5639
M3  - Article
SP  - 1508
EP  - 1510
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The oldest and most metal-poor Milky Way stars form a kinematically hot halo, which motivates the two major formation scenarios for our galaxy: extended hierarchical accretion and rapid collapse. RR Lyrae stars are excellent tracers of old and metal-poor populations. We measured the kinematics of 43 RR Lyrae stars in the inner regions of the nearby Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) galaxy. The velocity dispersion equals 53 ± 10 kilometers per second, which indicates that a kinematically hot metal-poor old halo also exists in the LMC. This result suggests that our galaxy and smaller late-type galaxies such as the LMC have similar early formation histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RR Lyrae stars
KW  - MAGELLANIC clouds
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - MILKY Way
KW  - GALAXIES
N1  - Accession Number: 11201245; Minniti, Dante 1; Email Address: dante@astro.puc.cl Borissova, Jura 1 Rejkuba, Marina 2 Alves, David R. 3 Cook, Kern H. 4 Freeman, Kenneth C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy, Pontificia Universidad Catotica, Avenida Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile.  2: European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Carching bei München, Germany.  3: Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA.  4: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  5: Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Mount Stromlo Observatory, Canberra, ACT, Australia.; Source Info: 9/12/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5639, p1508; Subject Term: RR Lyrae stars; Subject Term: MAGELLANIC clouds; Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: MILKY Way; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2421
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coummings, Eric B.
AU  - Singh, Anup K.
T1  - Dielectrophoresis in Microchips Containing Arrays of Insulating Posts : Theoretical and Experimental Results.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4724
EP  - 4731
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Dielectrophoresis (DEP), a nonlinear electrokinetic transport mechanism, can be used to concentrate and sort cells, viruses, and particles. To date, microfabricated DEP-based devices have typically used embedded metal electrodes to apply spatially nonuniform, time-varying (AC) electric fields. We have developed an alternative method in which arrays of insulating posts in a channel of a microchip produce the spatially nonuniform fields needed for DEP. Electrodes may be located remotely, allowing operation of the device down to zero frequency (DC) without excessive problems of electrolysis. Applying a sufficiently large electric field across an insulating-post array produces two flow regimes through a competition between electrokinetic flow (combined electrophoresis and electroosmosis) and dielectrophoresis. "Streaming DEP' is observed when DEP dominates diffusion but is overcome by electrokinetic flow. Particles concentrated by DEP forces in areas of electric field extrema travel electrokinetically down the array in flowing streams. In an array of posts, dielectrophoretic forcing within repeated rows adds coherently to produce flowing streams of highly concentrated and rarefied particles. We demonstrate that this reinforcement is a strong function of alignment of the array with respect to the applied electric field and that the particle concentrations can be "enhanced" or "depleted" along columns of posts, enabling a novel class of continuous-flow, selective particle filter/concentrator devices. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of streaming dielectrophoresis. The second regime is "trapping DEP,' in which DEP forces dominate over both diffusion and electrokinetic flow, reversibly immobilizing particles on the insulating posts, enabling inexpensive and embedded batch filter/concentrator devices. Devices can be biased electrically to manipulate particles selectively by varying the field strength to Vary the relative magnitudes of electrokinetic flow and DEP. Post shapes are contoured easily to control electric field gradients and, hence, DEP behavior. Simple simulations based on similitude of fluid flow and electric field that solve the Laplace equation to obtain fluid velocity have also been developed to predict the dielectrophoretic behavior in an array of posts. These simulations are in excellent agreement with the experimental observations and provide insight into electrokinetic behavior to enable design of dielectrophoretic concentrators and sorters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTROLYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 11435771; Coummings, Eric B. 1; Email Address: ebcummi@sandia.gov Singh, Anup K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical & Radiation Detection Laboratories, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 18, p4724; Subject Term: DIELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: ELECTROLYSIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0340612
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fiechtner, Gergory J.
AU  - Cummings, Eric B.
T1  - Faceted Design of Channels for Low-Dispersion Electrokinetic Flows in Microfluidic Systems.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4747
EP  - 4755
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A novel methodology for desigolng microfluidic channels for low-dispersion, electrokinetic flows is presented. The technique relies on trigonometric relations that apply for ideal electrokinetic flows, allowing faceted channels to be designed using common drafting software and a hand calculator. Flows are rotated and stretched along the abrupt interface between adjacent regions having differing specific permeability-a quantity with dimensions of length that we introduce to derive the governing equations. Two interface systems are used to eliminate hydrodynamic rotation of bands injected into channels. Regions bounded by interfaces form faceted flow "prisms" with uniform velocity fields that can be combined with other prisms to obtain a wide range of turning angles and expansion ratios. Lengths of faceted prisms can be varied arbitrarily, simplifying chip layout and allowing the ability to reduce unwanted effects such as transverse diffusion and Joule healing for a given faceted prism. Designs are demon, strated using two-dimensional numerical solutions of the Laplace equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROKINETICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - HARMONIC functions (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11435774; Fiechtner, Gergory J. 1 Cummings, Eric B. 1; Email Address: ebcummi@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National laboratories, P. O. Box 969, MS 9951; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 18, p4747; Subject Term: ELECTROKINETICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: HARMONIC functions (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0207776
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerion, Daniele
AU  - Fanqing Chen, Daniele
AU  - Kannan, Balaji
AU  - Aihua Fu, Balaji
AU  - Parak, Wolfgang J.
AU  - Chen, David J.
AU  - Majumdar, Arunava
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
T1  - Room-Temperature Single-Nucleotide polymorphism and Multiallele DNA Detection Using Fluorescent Nanocrystals and Microarrays.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4766
EP  - 4772
SN  - 00032700
AB  - We report two cDNA microarray-based applications of DNA-nanocrystal conjugates, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and multiallele detections, using a commercial scanner and two sets of nanocrystals with orthogonal emissions. We focus on SNP mutation detection in the human p53 tumor suppressor gene, which has been found to be mutated in more than 50% of the known human cancers. DNA-nanocrystal conjugates are able to detect both SNP and single-base deletion at room ternperature within minutes, with true-to-false signal ratios above 10. We also demonstrate microarray-based multiallele detection, using hybridization of multicolor nanocrystals conjugated to two sequences specific for the hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus, two common viral pathogens that inflict more than 10% of the population in the developing countries worldwide. The simultaneous detection of multiple genetic markers with microarrays and DNA-nanocrystal conjugates has no precedent and suggests the possibility of detecting an even greater number of bacterial or viral pathogens simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - ORTHOGONAL arrays
KW  - HEPATITIS C
KW  - HEPATITIS B
N1  - Accession Number: 11435776; Gerion, Daniele 1,2; Email Address: gerion1@llnl.gov Fanqing Chen, Daniele 3; Email Address: f_chen@lbl.gov Kannan, Balaji 4 Aihua Fu, Balaji 1 Parak, Wolfgang J. 1,2 Chen, David J. 3 Majumdar, Arunava 2,4 Alivisatos, A. Paul 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.  3: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering,University of California.; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 18, p4766; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL arrays; Subject Term: HEPATITIS C; Subject Term: HEPATITIS B; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac034482j
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yifei Zhang, A. Paul
AU  - Hai-Feng Ji
AU  - Brown, Gilbert M.
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - Detection of CrO[SUB4][SUP2-] Using a Hydrogel Swelling Microcantilever Sensor.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4773
EP  - 4777
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Hydrogels containing various mounts of tetraalkylammonium salts were used to modify microcantilevers for measurements of the concentration of CrO[SUB4][SUP2-] in aqueous solutions. These microcantilevers undergo bending deflection upon exposure to solutions containing various CrO[SUB4][SUP2-] concentrations as a result of swelling or shrinking of the hydrogels. The microcantilever deflection as a function of the concentration of CrO[SUB4][SUP2-] ions is nearly linear in most concentration ranges. It was found that a concentration of 10-n M CrO[SUB4][SUP2-] can be detected using this technology in a fluid cell. Other ions, such as Br[SUP-], HP0[SUB4][SUP2-], and NO[SUB3][SUP-], have minimal effect on the deflection of this cantilever. The anions S0[SUB4][SUP2-] and C0[SUP3][SUB2-] could interfere with the Cr0[SUB4][SUP2-] detection, but only at high concentrations (× 10[SUP-5] M). Such hydrogel-coated microcantilevers could potentially be used to prepare microcantilever-based chemical and biological sensors when molecular recognition agents are immobilized in the hydrogel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGELS
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - CHEMICAL detectors
KW  - BIOSENSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11435777; Yifei Zhang, A. Paul 1 Hai-Feng Ji 1; Email Address: hji@chem.latech.edu Brown, Gilbert M. 2 Thundat, Thomas 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272  2: Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Chemical and Analytical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 18, p4773; Subject Term: HYDROGELS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL detectors; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0343026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chengdu Liang
AU  - Sheng Dai
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - A Graphitized-Carbon Monolithic Column.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4904
EP  - 4912
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The preparation of a novel carbon monolithic column for high performance liquid chromatography is described. A phenolic resin rod with embedded 10-μm silica beads was prepared by acid-catalyzed polymerization ofa resorcinol/ iron(III) complex and formaldehyde. This rod was carbonized and graphitized under inert atmosphere with a programmed temperature cycle from room temperature to 1250 °C. Subsequently, the silica beads along with iron catalysts were removed, leaving a porous carbon rod. Imaging of this monolithic rod by scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed a highly interconnected bimodal porous structure. The porosity and pore size dislribution of the mesopores were characterized by N[SUB2] absorption/desorption. Graphene sheets were found in the TEM images of the carbon rod, and the graphite index was characterized by Raman spectrum and X-ray diffraction. A monolithic column prepared with the aforementioned carbon rod was evaluated using a mixture of alkylbenzenes. It exhibited an excellent separation power and a low hydraulic resistance. The bundle-ofcapillaries model was used to characterize the hydrodynamics of this monolith. Its permeability was found to agree well with the theoretical one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11435794; Chengdu Liang 1,2 Sheng Dai 2 Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600  2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6120; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 18, p4904; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac030146r
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mogensen, Klaus B.
AU  - Kwok, Yien C.
AU  - Eijkel, Janc C. T.
AU  - Petersen, Nickolaj J.
AU  - Manz, Andreas
AU  - Kutter, Jörg P.
T1  - A Microfluidic Device with an Integrated Waveguide Beam Splitter for Velocity Measurements of Flowing Particules by Fourier Transofrmation.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4931
EP  - 4936
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A microfabricated capillary electrophoresis device for velocity measurements of flowing particles is presented. It consists of a 1 × 128 planar waveguide beam splitter monolithically integrated with an electrically insulated fluidic channel network for fluorescence excitation at multiple points. Stray light rejection structures are included in order to suppress unwanted light between the detection regions. The emission pattern of particles passing the detection region was collected by a photomultiplier tube that was placed in close proximity to the channel, thereby avoiding the use of transfer optics. The integrated planar waveguide beam splitter was, furthermore, permanently connected to the light source by a glued-on optical fiber, to achieve a robust and alignment-free operation of the system. The velocity was measured using a Fourier transformation with a Shah function, since the response of the light array was designed to approximate a square profile. Deviations from this response were observed as a result of the multimode nature of the integrated waveguides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BEAM splitters
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - FOURIER transforms
N1  - Accession Number: 11435798; Mogensen, Klaus B. 1 Kwok, Yien C. 2,3 Eijkel, Janc C. T. 2,4 Petersen, Nickolaj J. 1,5 Manz, Andreas 2 Kutter, Jörg P. 1; Email Address: jku@mic.dtu.dk; Affiliation:  1: Mikroelektronik Centret (MIC), Technical University of Denmark (DTU), DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark  2: Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, London SW7 2AY, U.K.  3: Natural Sciences Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616  4: EL/BIOS, Twente University, Postbus 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands  5: OAK Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 18, p4931; Subject Term: BEAM splitters; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac034427a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, H.C.
AU  - Seo, S.H.
AU  - Jang, H.W.
AU  - Kim, D.H.
AU  - Noh, D.Y.
T1  - Two stage oxidation in epitaxial Ni (111)/GaN (0001) thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2139
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We present the oxidation process of epitaxial Ni (111)/GaN (0001) thin films studied by in situ synchrotron x-ray scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. By monitoring the evolution of the Ni (111) Bragg reflection, we reveal that two distinct oxidation processes occur. Initially, a continuous NiO layer of about 50 Å thickness is formed on the surface of Ni. The planar oxide layer saturates immediately and passivates the film from further surface oxidation. From this stage, the oxidation proceeds by means of the growth of surface oxide islands. The Ni atoms diffuse out through the defect sites running vertically through the initial oxide layer to form the oxide islands. Voids are generated underneath the oxide layer in this process. The oxide in the second stage grows logarithmically in time with the activation energy of about 0.15 eV. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - WIDE gap semiconductors
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10774642; Kang, H.C. 1,2 Seo, S.H. 1 Jang, H.W. 1 Kim, D.H. 1 Noh, D.Y. 1; Email Address: dynoh@kjist.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Korea  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 11, p2139; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: WIDE gap semiconductors; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1610248
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10774642&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Noronha, F. B.
AU  - Shamsi, A.
AU  - Taylor, C.
AU  - Fendley, E. C.
AU  - Stagg-Williams, S.
AU  - Resasco, D. E.
T1  - Catalytic Performance of Pt/ZrO2 and Pt/Ce-ZrO2 Catalysts on CO2 Reforming of CH4 Coupled with Steam Reforming or Under High Pressure.
JO  - Catalysis Letters
JF  - Catalysis Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 90
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 21
SN  - 1011372X
AB  - CO2 reforming of methane was performed on Pt/ZrO2 and Pt/Ce-ZrO2 catalysts at 1073 K under different reactions conditions: (i) atmospheric pressure and CH4:CO2 ratio of 1:1 and 2:1; (ii) in the presence of water and CH4:CO2 ratio of 2:1; (iii) under pressure (105 and 190 psig) and CH4:CO2 ratio of 2:1. The Pt supported on ceria-promoted ZrO2 catalyst was more stable than the Pt/ZrO2 catalyst under all reaction conditions. We ascribe this higher stability to the higher density of oxygen vacancies on the promoted support, which favors the cleaning mechanism of the metal particle. The increase of either the CH4:CO2 ratio or total pressure causes a decrease in activity for both catalysts, because under either case the rate of methane decomposition becomes higher than the rate of oxygen transfer. The Pt/Ce-ZrO2 catalyst was always more stable than the Pt/ZrO2 catalyst, demonstrating the important role of the support on this reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - METHANE
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - and Pt/Ce-ZrO2 catalysts
KW  - CO
KW  - CO2 reforming of methane; Pt/ZrO2
KW  - Pt/ZrO
N1  - Accession Number: 15666251; Noronha, F. B. 1 Shamsi, A. 2 Taylor, C. 2 Fendley, E. C. 3 Stagg-Williams, S. 3 Resasco, D. E. 3; Email Address: resasco@ou.edu; Affiliation:  1: Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Laboratorio de Catalise Av. Venezuela 82, CEP 20081 310, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.  2: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 880 Morgantown, WV 2650-0880.  3: School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Oklahoma, 100 E. Boyd Street, Norman, OK 73019.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 90 Issue 1/2, p13; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: and Pt/Ce-ZrO2 catalysts; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 reforming of methane; Pt/ZrO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt/ZrO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diamond, Rick
T1  - A lifestyle-based scenario for US buildings: implications for energy use
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1205
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Can lifestyle-based scenarios provide insight into the nature of energy use in our future buildings? Participants in a design charrette brainstormed ideas about the future of US homes and workplaces. The teams started from several descriptions of daily lifestyles, and developed specific building characteristics as the place settings for these narratives. In addition to characterizing the physical environment, the teams also identified the forces that would be influential in making these changes. Further reflection was made on the possible unintended consequences of these changes. The energy implications of these changes were characterized with respect to magnitude and direction. While acknowledging the speculative nature of the exercise, the rationale was to broaden the discussion on future energy use by looking at future scenarios in the context of everyday life. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Lifestyles
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Energy
KW  - Lifestyle
N1  - Accession Number: 9505157; Diamond, Rick 1; Email Address: rcdiamond@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90-3074, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 31 Issue 12, p1205; Thesaurus Term: Energy conservation; Subject Term: Lifestyles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buildings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lifestyle; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00172-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9505157&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, Evan
T1  - The insurance and risk management industries: new players in the delivery of energy-efficient and renewable energy products and services
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1257
SN  - 03014215
AB  - The insurance and risk management industries are typically considered to have little interest in energy issues, other than those associated with large energy supply systems. The historical involvement of these industries in the development and deployment of familiar loss-prevention technologies such as automobile air bags, fire prevention/suppression systems, and anti-theft devices, evidences a tradition of mediating and facilitating the use of technology to improve safety and otherwise reduce the likelihood of losses. Through an examination of the connection between risk management and energy technology, we have identified nearly 80 examples of energy-efficient and renewable energy technologies that offer loss-prevention benefits (such as improved fire safety). This article presents the business case for insurer involvement in the sustainable energy sector and documents early case studies of insurer efforts along these lines. We have mapped these opportunities onto the appropriate market segments (life, health, property, liability, business interruption, etc.). We review steps taken by 53 forward-looking insurers and reinsurers, 5 brokers, 7 insurance organizations, and 13 non-insurance organizations. We group the approaches into the categories of: information, education, and demonstration; financial incentives; specialized policies and insurance products; direct investment; customer services and inspections; codes, standards, and policies; research and development; in-house energy management; and an emerging concept informally known as “carbon insurance”. While most companies have made only a modest effort to position themselves in the “green” marketplace, a few have comprehensive environmental programs that include energy efficiency and renewable energy activities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Risk management in business
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Insurance
KW  - Renewable energy
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Sustainability
N1  - Accession Number: 9505167; Mills, Evan 1; Email Address: emills@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 31 Issue 12, p1257; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Subject Term: Risk management in business; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insurance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sustainability; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00186-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=9505167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lindenbaum, S. J.
AU  - Longacre, R. S.
AU  - Kramer, M.
T1  - Searching for quark-gluon plasma (QGP) bubble effects at RHIC/LHC.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
EP  - 253
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Since the early eighties, we have shared with van Hove the following view: If a quark-gluon plasma were produced in high energy heavy ion colliders, then its hadronization products would likely come from small bubbles of plasma localized in phase space. We develop a model based on HIJING, to which we added a ring of adjoining multiple bubbles in the central rapidity region. Our simulations were designed to be tested by the forthcoming RHIC STAR detector data for 65 GeV/n Au colliding with 65 GeV/n Au. We took into account background and resonance effects to allow a direct comparison to be made with the data. Later 100 GeV/n Au colliding with 100 GeV/n Au and LHC data could also test these ideas. We used two charged particle correlations as a sensitive method to test for bubbles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARK-gluon plasma
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ION-ion collisions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRON colliders
N1  - Accession Number: 16767541; Lindenbaum, S. J. 1,2 Longacre, R. S. 1 Kramer, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973, Upton, USA  2: City College of New York, NY 10031, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p241; Subject Term: QUARK-gluon plasma; Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ION-ion collisions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2003-01268-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16767541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iakovlev, S.
AU  - Solterbeck, C.-H.
AU  - Piorra, A.
AU  - Zhang, N.
AU  - Es-Souni, M.
AU  - Avdeev, M.
T1  - Sol-Gel Preparation and Characterization of Er Doped PbTiO 3 Thin Films.
JO  - Ferroelectrics
JF  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 293
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 00150193
AB  - Er doped PbTiO 3 (PET) thin films were prepared via modified sol-gel method on (111)Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrates. SEM and XRD investigations showed completely crystallized fine grained perovskite structure achieved after annealing at 700°C for 5 min. Lattice tetragonal distortion ( c/a ) was found to decrease from 1.044 for pure PT to 1.036 for PET containing 8% of Er. At the same time Er doped films demonstrate (100) preferred orientation unlike randomly oriented PT films. Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of PET thin films are characterized at room temperature by impedance and hysteresis measurements. It is shown that both small signal dielectric constant and loss tangent are affected by Er doping. Based on the results obtained, amphoteric behaviour of Er in lead titanate thin films is inferred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - POLYETHYLENE terephthalate
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - dielectric properties
KW  - PbTiO 3
KW  - scanning electron microscopy
KW  - sol-gel method
KW  - thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 11426573; Iakovlev, S. 1 Solterbeck, C.-H. 1 Piorra, A. 1 Zhang, N. 1 Es-Souni, M. 1; Email Address: mohammed.es-souni@th-kiel.de. Avdeev, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute  for Materials and  Surface Technology (IMST),  Grenzstr. 3,  D-24149  Kiel, Germany.  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National  Laboratory, USA.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 293 Issue 1, p161; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE terephthalate; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: dielectric properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: PbTiO 3; Author-Supplied Keyword: scanning electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: sol-gel method; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin film; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00150190390238360
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11426573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Melnichenko, Yuri B.
AU  - Wignall, G.D.
AU  - Schwahn, D.
T1  - Universal behavior of polymers in blends, solutions, and supercritical mixtures and implications for the validity of the random phase approximation
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 212
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 03783812
AB  - Blending (or mixing) of macromolecules is widely used to tailor the properties of polymeric materials and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) has provided detailed information at the molecular level on the ability of different polymer species to mix or segregate at various thermodynamic conditions. For two decades, SANS data have been analyzed via the de Gennes “random phase approximation” (RPA) [P.-G. de Gennes, Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics, second ed., Cornell University Press, Ithaca, London, 1979], which is based on the assumption that the dimensions of polymer chains remain unchanged on mixing for all concentrations and temperatures. Here we investigate the effect of temperature and concentration on the dimensions of macromolecules in blends using SANS and high-concentration labeling methods and construct a generic phase diagram, which specifies the range of validity of the RPA. Using scaling arguments, we demonstrate a parallel between the structure–property relationships in blends and solutions of polymers in small molecule solvents and reveal the impact of the chain length of the polymeric solvent on the phase behavior of polymer blends. The results offer new insights into the universality of the thermodynamic properties and structure of macromolecules in polymeric, liquid and supercritical solvents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Critical state
KW  - Liquid–liquid equilibria
KW  - Polymer blends
KW  - Small-angle neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10742802; Melnichenko, Yuri B. 1; Email Address: yui@ornl.gov Wignall, G.D. 1 Schwahn, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6393, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 212 Issue 1/2, p209; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid–liquid equilibria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer blends; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle neutron scattering; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-3812(03)00259-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chin, Ya-Huei
AU  - Wang, Yong
AU  - Dagle, Robert A.
AU  - Shari Li, Xiaohong
T1  - Methanol steam reforming over Pd/ZnO: Catalyst preparation and pretreatment studies
JO  - Fuel Processing Technology
JF  - Fuel Processing Technology
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 03783820
AB  - The preparation and the pretreatment of Pd/ZnO catalysts were studied for methanol steam reforming. The presence of nitric acid in Pd nitrate precursor significantly altered the porosities and crystalline structures of the ZnO support. The dissolution of ZnO and extent of mixing between the Zn2+ and Pd2+ cations during catalyst preparation may have an impact on the PdZn alloy formation and its catalytic properties. The pretreatment of Pd/ZnO, which is critical to the PdZn alloy formation, depends not only on the reduction temperature but also on the reaction conditions under which hydrogen is formed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PALLADIUM catalysts
KW  - NITRIC acid
KW  - Fuel cell fuel processing
KW  - Methanol steam reforming
KW  - Pd/ZnO catalyst
N1  - Accession Number: 10060113; Chin, Ya-Huei 1 Wang, Yong; Email Address: yongwang@pnl.gov Dagle, Robert A. 1 Shari Li, Xiaohong 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-93, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 83 Issue 1-3, p193; Subject Term: PALLADIUM catalysts; Subject Term: NITRIC acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell fuel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol steam reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pd/ZnO catalyst; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-3820(03)00067-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10060113&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Makala, Raghuveer S.
AU  - Jagannadham, K.
AU  - Sales, B.C.
T1  - Pulsed laser deposition of Bi² Te³ -based thermoelectric thin films.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3907
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Reports on the deposition of Bi[sub 2]Te[sub 3]-based thermoelectric thin films on substrates of mica and aluminum nitride using pulsed laser ablation.  Characterization of the films using x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy for crystalline quality and epitaxial growth on substrates; Use of scanning electron microscopy to examine the surface morphology and microstructure.
KW  - THERMOELECTRIC materials
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MICA
KW  - ALUMINUM nitride
KW  - LASER ablation
N1  - Accession Number: 11026962; Makala, Raghuveer S. 1 Jagannadham, K. 1; Email Address: jag_kasichainula@ncsu.edu Sales, B.C. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 6, p3907; Subject Term: THERMOELECTRIC materials; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MICA; Subject Term: ALUMINUM nitride; Subject Term: LASER ablation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Serquis, A.
AU  - Civale, L.
AU  - Hammon, D.L.
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Coulter, J.Y.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Peterson, D.E.
AU  - Mueller, F.M.
T1  - Role of excess Mg and heat treatments on microstructure and critical current of MgB[sub2] wires.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 4024
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Presents a detailed analysis of the effect of heat treatments on the microstructure, magnetization, and transport properties of MgB[sub 2] wires produced by the powder-in-tube method.  Measurement of the direct current transport critical current that can be increased or decreased by more than one order of magnitude as compared with the as-drawn wire, depending on the annealing parameters; Correlation of the changes in the critical current with changes in the microstructure.
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - CRITICAL currents
N1  - Accession Number: 11028620; Serquis, A. 1; Email Address: aserquis@lanl.gov Civale, L. 1 Hammon, D.L. 1 Liao, X.Z. 1 Coulter, J.Y. 1 Zhu, Y.T. 1 Peterson, D.E. 1 Mueller, F.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 6, p4024; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsakalakos, L.
AU  - Sands, T.
AU  - Carleton, E.
AU  - Yu, K.M.
T1  - Modification of (Pb,La) (Zr,Ti) O[sub3] thin films during pulsed laser liftoff from MGO substrates.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 4047
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Reports on the use of pulsed excimer laser irradiation of an absorbing thin film through a transparent substrate to separate epitaxial (PbmLa)(Zr,Ti)O[sub 3] (PLZT) thin films from their MgO growth substrates.  Average surface roughness indicated by atomic force microscopy measurements of the film surface; Presence of enhanced levels of lead in the amorphous phase by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry.
KW  - EXCIMER lasers
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
N1  - Accession Number: 11028632; Tsakalakos, L. 1; Email Address: tsakalakos@research.ge.com Sands, T. 1; Email Address: tsands@ecn.purdue.edu Carleton, E. 1 Yu, K.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 6, p4047; Subject Term: EXCIMER lasers; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hajra, M.
AU  - Hunt, C.E.
AU  - Ding, M.
AU  - Auciello, O.
AU  - Carlisle, J.
AU  - Gruen, D.M.
T1  - Effect of gases on the field emission properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond-coated silicon field emitter arrays.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 4079
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Reports on studies of electron emission from ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD)-coated ungated silicon field emitters as a function of in situ exposure to various gases during current versus voltage and current versus time measurements.  Fabrication of the emitter arrays by a subtractive tip fabrication process and coated with UNCD films; Emission characteristics of the coated tip arrays.
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - FIELD emission
N1  - Accession Number: 11028658; Hajra, M. 1 Hunt, C.E. 1; Email Address: hunt@ucdavis.edu Ding, M. 2 Auciello, O. 3 Carlisle, J. 3 Gruen, D.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California  2: Beijing Vacuum Electronics Research Institute  3: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 6, p4079; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: FIELD emission; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, J.-W.
AU  - Babu, S.S.
AU  - Vitek, J.M.
AU  - Kenik, E.A.
AU  - David, S.A.
T1  - Stray grain formation in single crystal Ni-base superalloy welds.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 4203
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Investigates the effects of processing conditions and crystallographic orientation of growing dendrites on stray grain formation in weld of single crystal nickel-based superalloys.  Use of the degree of constitutional supercooling at the solidification as a metric to quantify the effects; Increase in stray grain formation and extensiveness on one side of the weld as power and welding speed is increased.
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - SUPERCOOLING
N1  - Accession Number: 11028818; Park, J.-W. 1; Email Address: jwpark@alum.mit.edu Babu, S.S. 1 Vitek, J.M. 1 Kenik, E.A. 1 David, S.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 6, p4203; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: SUPERCOOLING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiseman, Bryony S.
AU  - Sternlicht, Mark D.
AU  - Lund, Leif R.
AU  - Alexander, Caroline M.
AU  - Mott, Joni
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
AU  - Soloway, Paul
AU  - Itohara, Shigeyoshi
AU  - Werb, Zena
T1  - Site-specific inductive and inhibitory activities of MMP-2 and MMP-3 orchestrate mammary gland branching morphogenesis.
JO  - Journal of Cell Biology
JF  - Journal of Cell Biology
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 162
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1123
EP  - 1133
SN  - 00219525
AB  - Examines the function of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-3 in mammary gland branching morphogenesis.  Expression patterns in the pubertal mammary gland; Disruption of mammary gland branching morphogenesis by MMP inhibition; Regulation of ductal invasion by MMP-2; Repression of lateral budding by MMP-2; Regulation of secondary duct formation during mammary morphogenesis by MMP-3.
KW  - METALLOPROTEINASES
KW  - MAMMARY glands
KW  - GENE expression
N1  - Accession Number: 11051908; Wiseman, Bryony S. 1 Sternlicht, Mark D. 1 Lund, Leif R. 2 Alexander, Caroline M. 1 Mott, Joni 3 Bissell, Mina J. 3 Soloway, Paul 4 Itohara, Shigeyoshi 5 Werb, Zena 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco  2: The Finsen Laboratory, Denmark  3: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA  4: Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, NY  5: Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Science Institute, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Japan; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 162 Issue 6, p1123; Subject Term: METALLOPROTEINASES; Subject Term: MAMMARY glands; Subject Term: GENE expression; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Jason C.
AU  - Sveum, Niels F.
AU  - Neumark, Daniel M.
T1  - Determination of absolute photoionization cross sections for vinyl and propargyl radicals.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5311
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Photofragment translational spectroscopy experiments employing tunable vacuum ultraviolet photoionization yielded absolute photoionization cross sections for vinyl and propargyl radicals at 10 eV of 11.1±2.2 and 8.3±1.6 Mb, respectively. From these values, the photoionization efficiency curves from 7.8–10.8 eV for these radicals were placed on an absolute scale. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 10691636; Robinson, Jason C. 1,2 Sveum, Niels F. 1,2 Neumark, Daniel M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley California 94720.; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 11, p5311; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606440
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Mino
AU  - Fieming, Graham R.
T1  - Construction of kinetic domains in energy trapping processes and application to a photosynthetic light harvesting complex.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5614
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We develop a formulation allowing construction of various kinetic domains from a master equation for population transfer dynamics and enabling calculation of the time scales of transition between such domains. In this way, a complicated network of energy transfer steps can be simplified to a series of sequential kinetic transitions over the kinetic domains. We illustrate the advantage of this formulation by applying it to energy trapping in a photosynthetic light harvesting system and as a result we obtain a clear picture of energy transfer dynamics and the various rate determining steps in Photosystem I. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - ENERGY transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 10691603; Yang, Mino 1 Fieming, Graham R. 1; Email Address: grflerning@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 11, p5614; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599347
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
AU  - Wang, Xianqin
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
AU  - Liu, Gang
AU  - Iglesias-juez, Ana
AU  - Femández-garcía, Marcos
T1  - The behavior of mixed-metal oxides: Structural and electronic properties of Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2] and Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2-x].
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5659
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Synchrotron-based time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TR-XRD), x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES), Raman spectroscopy (RS), and first-principles density functional (DF) calculations were used to study the structural and electronic properties of Ce–Ca mixed-metal oxides. The XRD results and DF calculations show that doping with calcium induces relatively minor variations (<0.05 Å) in the cell dimensions of ceria. However, the presence of Ca leads to slightly distorted tetragonal structures, a substantial strain in the lattice of the oxide and a tendency to form O vacancies in an ideal Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2] solid solution. The two latter effects can be a consequence of the large number of oxygen neighbors that Ca is forced to have in Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2] and differences in the electronic charges of calcium and cerium cations. The Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2-x] systems are not fully ionic. Cation charges derived from the DF calculations indicate that these systems obey the Barr model for charge redistribution in mixed-metal oxides. The Ca atoms in Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2-x] are more electropositive than the cations in CaO, while the Ce cations of Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2-x] are less electropositive than those of CeO[sub 2]. These trends are consistent with XANES measurements at the Ca K- and Ce L[sub III]-edges. The cation charge redistributions should be taken into consideration when explaining or predicting the chemical and catalytic properties of Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2-x]. Ca induces structural and electronic perturbations on ceria quite different from those found after doping with Zr. The behavior of Ce[sub 1-x]Ca[sub x]O[sub 2-x] illustrates the drastic effects that doping with an electropositive element can have on the properties of ceria. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10691598; Rodriguez, José A. 1 Wang, Xianqin 1 Hanson, Jonathan C. 1 Liu, Gang 1 Iglesias-juez, Ana 2 Femández-garcía, Marcos 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, Campus Cantobianco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.; Source Info: 9/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 11, p5659; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1601595
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sengupta, Manajit
AU  - Clothtaux, Eugene E.
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
AU  - Kato, Seiji
AU  - Min, Qilong
T1  - Importance of Accurate Liquid Water Path for Estimation of Solar Radiation in Warm Boundary Layer Clouds: An Observational Study.
JO  - Journal of Climate
JF  - Journal of Climate
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 16
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 2997
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948755
AB  - A 1-yr observational study of overcast boundary layer stratus at the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains site illustrates that surface radiation has a higher sensitivity to cloud liquid water path variations when compared to cloud drop effective radius variations. The mean, median, and standard deviation of observed cloud liquid water path and cloud drop effective radius are 0.120, 0.101, 0.108 mm and 7.38, 7.13, 2.39 μm, respectively. Liquid water path variations can therefore cause 3 times the variation in optical depth as effective radius—a direct consequence of the comparative variability displayed by the statistics of the two parameters. Radiative transfer calculations demonstrate that, over and above the impact of higher liquid water path variability on optical depth, normalized cloud forcing is 2 times as sensitive to liquid water path variations as it is to effective radius variations. Consequently, radiative transfer calculations of surface flux using observed liquid water paths and a fixed effective radius of 7.5 μm have a 79% correlation with observed values. This higher sensitivity of solar flux to liquid water path is a result of the regimes of natural occurrence of cloud liquid water paths and cloud drop effective radii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology)
KW  - CLOUDS
N1  - Accession Number: 10799290; Sengupta, Manajit 1; Email Address: manajit@pnl.gov Clothtaux, Eugene E. 2 Ackerman, Thomas P. 1 Kato, Seiji 3 Min, Qilong 4; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.  2: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.  3: Center for Atmospheric Sciences, Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia.  4: Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 16 Issue 18, p2997; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology); Subject Term: CLOUDS; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slowinska, Katarzyna
AU  - Feldberg, Stephen W.
AU  - Majda, Marcin
T1  - An electrochemical time-of-flight technique with galvanostatic generation and potentiometric sensing
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 554-555
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
SN  - 15726657
AB  - A variation of an electrochemical time-of-flight (ETOF) technique is described and illustrated with the test cases involving electrochemically generated Ag+ and H+ ions in aqueous solutions of different viscosity and ionic strength. Similar to the earlier ETOF methods, the new ETOF technique also relies on photolithographically fabricated microelectrode devices. It uses a constant current (rather than potentiostatic) mode of generation of redox species and, unlike earlier approaches, it uses potentiometric (rather than amperometric) monitoring of the rates of their diffusion to the sensor microelectrode. The unknown D-values can be obtained by direct comparison between the experimentally obtained and digitally simulated E vs t transients. Digital simulations were based on simple hemi-cylindrical diffusion between the microband generator modeled as a hemi-cylinder and sensor microband electrode assumed to be infinitesimally small. This model approximates well the experimental results as long as the spacing between the two microband electrodes is approximately equal to or greater than twice their width. Discrepancies between theory and experiment may also arise due to the double-layer charging of the sensor ∣ solution interface, and migration effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - IONIC structure
KW  - Band microelectrode
KW  - Hemi-cylindrical diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 10952171; Slowinska, Katarzyna 1 Feldberg, Stephen W. 2 Majda, Marcin 1; Email Address: majda@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Building 815, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 554-555, p61; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: IONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band microelectrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hemi-cylindrical diffusion; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00049-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lister, T.E.
AU  - Tolmachev, Y.V.
AU  - Chu, Y.
AU  - Cullen, W.G.
AU  - You, H.
AU  - Yonco, R.
AU  - Nagy, Z.
T1  - Cathodic activation of RuO2 single crystal surfaces for hydrogen-evolution reaction
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 554-555
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 15726657
AB  - Activation of RuO2 (1 1 0) and (1 0 0) single crystal surfaces by cathodic polarization was studied using hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions as probes, as well as cyclic voltammetry and X-ray crystal-truncation-rod measurements. Both surfaces are poor catalysts for hydrogen reactions in the as-grown state, however, their activity increases after cathodic polarization. Cathodic activation of the RuO2 (1 1 0) surface was interpreted as the formation of metallic ruthenium sites which can be reoxidized to ruthenium dioxide. This process is reversible in the early stages of activation when no significant surface corrugation is produced. Irreversible surface roughening can be produced with activation at very negative potentials. On the other hand, the activation of the RuO2 (1 0 0) surface leads, under even very mild conditions, to an irreversible increase in surface pseudocapacitance and the appearance of new voltammetric features. This behavior is attributed to irreversible morphological changes following hydrogen intercalation into the subsurface region. The more facile and drastic changes upon activation of the (1 0 0) surface can be explained by its more open structure as compared with the densely packed (1 1 0) surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUBIDIUM
KW  - MESOMERISM
KW  - VOLTAMMETRY
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - Cathodic activation
KW  - Hydrogen evolution reaction
KW  - Hydrogen oxidation reaction
KW  - Ruthenium dioxide
KW  - Synchrotron X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10952173; Lister, T.E. Tolmachev, Y.V. 1 Chu, Y. Cullen, W.G. You, H.; Email Address: hyou@anl.gov Yonco, R. 1 Nagy, Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 554-555, p71; Subject Term: RUBIDIUM; Subject Term: MESOMERISM; Subject Term: VOLTAMMETRY; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathodic activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen evolution reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen oxidation reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00048-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inoue, H.
AU  - Wang, J.X.
AU  - Sasaki, K.
AU  - Adzic, R.R.
T1  - Electrocatalysis of H2 oxidation on Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) single crystal surfaces
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 554-555
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 15726657
AB  - The hydrogen oxidation reaction kinetics have been measured as a function of temperature on Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) surfaces in H2SO4 and HClO4 solutions by using a rotating disk electrode. The reaction is essentially under kinetic control at temperatures between 25 and 60 °C. It has a pronounced structural sensitivity, having higher rates on a Ru(10−10) than on a Ru(0001) surface. The reaction is strongly inhibited by Ru oxide formation at low overpotentials for hydrogen oxidation, which causes a current peak in the polarization curve and a negligible oxidation current at large overpotentials. The structural dependence appears to be predominantly determined by the properties of the oxidized surfaces of Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10). The kinetics are faster in H2SO4 than in HClO4 solution due to a slower surface oxidation in the former acid. The apparent electrochemical activation energy for the Ru(0001) surface is about 120 kJ mol−1, while 80 kJ mol−1 is observed for the Ru(10−10) surface. The exchange current densities of 0.13 and 0.16 mA cm−2 at 40 °C for Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10), respectively have been determined from the linear part of the polarization curves. The origin of the structural effects on the hydrogen oxidation kinetics on Ru surfaces has been discussed. In sharp contrast to hydrogen oxidation, the hydrogen evolution kinetics shows a very small structural dependence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - RUBIDIUM
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Hydrogen evolution
KW  - Hydrogen oxidation
KW  - Single crystal Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) electrodes
N1  - Accession Number: 10952174; Inoue, H. Wang, J.X. 1 Sasaki, K. 1 Adzic, R.R.; Email Address: adzic@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 554-555, p77; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: RUBIDIUM; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) electrodes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00077-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stamenković, V.
AU  - Schmidt, T.J.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
AU  - Marković, N.M.
T1  - Surface segregation effects in electrocatalysis: kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction on polycrystalline Pt3Ni alloy surfaces
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 554-555
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 15726657
AB  - The effects of surface segregation on the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) have been studied on a polycrystalline Pt3Ni alloy in acid electrolyte using ultra high vacuum (UHV) surface sensitive probes and the rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) method. Preparation, modification and characterization of alloy surfaces were done in ultra high vacuum (UHV). Depending on the preparation method, two different surface compositions of the Pt3Ni alloy are produced: a sputtered surface with 75% Pt and an annealed surface (950 K) with 100% Pt. The latter surface is designated as the ‘Pt-skin’ structure, and is a consequence of surface segregation, i.e. replacement of Ni with Pt atoms in the first few atomic layers. Definitive surface compositions were established by low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEISS). The cyclic voltammetry of the ‘Pt-skin’ surface as well as the pseudcapacitance in the hydrogen adsorption/desorption potential region is similar to that of a polycrystalline Pt electrode. The activities of the orr on Pt3Ni alloy surfaces were compared to that of a polycrystalline Pt in 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte for the observed temperature range of 293<T<333 K. The order of activities at 333 K was: ‘Pt-skin’>Pt3Ni (75% Pt)>Pt with the maximum catalytic enhancement obtained for the ‘Pt-skin’ being 4 times that for pure Pt. Catalytic improvement of the orr on Pt3Ni and ‘Pt-skin’ surfaces was assigned to the inhibition of Pt–OHad formation (on Pt sites) versus polycrystalline Pt. Production of H2O2 on both surfaces was similar compared to that on the pure Pt. Kinetic analyses of RRDE data confirmed that the kinetic parameters for the orr on the Pt3Ni and ‘Pt-skin’ surfaces are the same as on pure Pt: reaction order, m=1, two identical Tafel slopes, activation energy, &ap;21–25 kJ mol−1. Therefore, the reaction mechanism on both Pt3Ni and ‘Pt-skin’ surfaces is the same as that proposed for pure Pt, i.e. a 4e− reduction pathway. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Alloys
KW  - Electrocatalysis
KW  - Oxygen reduction reaction
KW  - Platinum nickel
KW  - Surface composition
KW  - Surface segregation
N1  - Accession Number: 10952185; Stamenković, V.; Email Address: vrstamenkovic@lbl.gov Schmidt, T.J. Ross, P.N. 1 Marković, N.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 554-555, p191; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrocatalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen reduction reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface segregation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00177-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abou Hamad, I.
AU  - Wandlowski, Th.
AU  - Brown, G.
AU  - Rikvold, P.A.
T1  - Electrosorption of Br and Cl on Ag(1 0 0): experiments and computer simulations
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 554-555
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 15726657
AB  - We present chronocoulometry experiments and equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations for the electrosorption of Br and Cl on Ag(1 0 0) single-crystal electrode surfaces. Two different methods are used to calculate the long-range part of the adsorbate–adsorbate interactions. The first method is a truncated-sum approach, while the second is a mean-field-enhanced truncated-sum approach. To compare the two methods, the resulting isotherms are fit to experimental adsorption isotherms, assuming both a constant electrosorption valency γ and also a coverage-dependent γ. While a constant γ fits the Br/Ag(1 0 0) well, a coverage-dependent or potential-dependent γ is needed for Cl/Ag(1 0 0). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - Bromine electrosorption
KW  - Chlorine electrosorption
KW  - Chronocoulometry
KW  - Continuous phase transition
KW  - Lattice-gas model
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 10952187; Abou Hamad, I. 1,2 Wandlowski, Th. 3 Brown, G. 2,4 Rikvold, P.A. 1,2,5; Email Address: rikvold@csit.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Materials Research and Technology and Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4350, USA  2: School of Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4120, USA  3: Institute for Thin Films and Interfaces, ISG 3, Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany  4: Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Center for Stochastic Processes in Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0435, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 554-555, p211; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bromine electrosorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorine electrosorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronocoulometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuous phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice-gas model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00178-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chou, Keng C.
AU  - Kim, Joonyeong
AU  - Baldelli, Steve
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - Vibrational spectroscopy of carbon monoxide, acetonitrile, and phenylalanine adsorbed on liquid ∣ electrode interfaces by sum frequency generation
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 554-555
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 15726657
AB  - This paper reviews recent work carried out in our laboratory on the application of sum frequency generation (SFG) to investigate liquid ∣ electrode interfaces in the presence of an external potential. First, we present a study of CO oxidation on a Pt(111) electrode. Although the CO stretching frequency observed by SFG agrees with that observed using IR spectroscopy, the intensity behaves differently from that observed by IR. While the intensity of IR absorption decreases due to CO oxidation, a 360% enhancement of SFG intensity was observed in the pre-ignition potential region. This suggests that the bonding state of CO is significantly perturbed in the pre-ignition potential region. Secondly, SFG was used to study the potential induced structural change of acetonitrile adsorbed on a Pt(111) electrode. SFG spectra indicate that acetonitrile reorients in response to the electrode potential with the C&z.sbnd;C bond perpendicular to the electrode surface. The orientation is predominately with the CH3 group toward the metal at 200 mV (vs. a reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) and with the CN group toward the metal at 1200 mV. Finally, the adsorption of phenylalanine on a glassy carbon electrode was studied as a function of electrode potential. The SFG signal suggests that the phenylalanine is adsorbed on the electrode with the phenyl ring and the ammonium group nearly parallel to the surface. The dipole of the methylene group tilts toward the electrode surface when the applied potential increases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - PHENYLALANINE
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - Acetonitrile
KW  - CO oxidation
KW  - Glassy carbon
KW  - Liquid ∣ electrode interfaces
KW  - Phenylalanine
KW  - Platinum
KW  - Sum frequency generation
N1  - Accession Number: 10952192; Chou, Keng C. 1 Kim, Joonyeong 1 Baldelli, Steve 1 Somorjai, Gabor A.; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 554-555, p253; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: PHENYLALANINE; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acetonitrile; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glassy carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid ∣ electrode interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenylalanine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sum frequency generation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00199-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rhee, C.K.
AU  - Wakisaka, M.
AU  - Tolmachev, Y.V.
AU  - Johnston, Christina M.
AU  - Haasch, R.
AU  - Attenkofer, K.
AU  - Lu, G.Q.
AU  - You, H.
AU  - Wieckowski, A.
T1  - Osmium nanoislands spontaneously deposited on a Pt(111) electrode: an XPS, STM and GIF-XAS study
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 554-555
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
SN  - 15726657
AB  - Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) characterized adlayers of spontaneously deposited osmium on a Pt(111) electrode were investigated using ex-situ X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and in-situ grazing incidence fluorescence X-ray absorption spectroscopy (GIF-XAS). After a single spontaneous deposition, monoatomic (or nearly monoatomic) nanoislands of osmium are formed. The island diameter varies from 2 to 5 nm depending on the Os coverage, which in turn is adjusted by varying the concentration of the Os precursor salt (OsCl3) in the deposition bath and/or by the deposition time. XPS reveals three oxidation states: a metallic Os (the 4f7/2 core level binding energy of 50.8 eV), Os(IV) (51.5 eV) and Os(VIII) (52.4 eV). The metallic osmium exists at potentials below 500 mV (vs. RHE) while above 500 mV osmium is oxidized to Os(IV). Electrodissolution of osmium begins above 900 mV and occurs simultaneously with platinum oxidation. At ca. 1200 mV V versus the RHE reference, the oxidation state of some small amounts of osmium that survive dissolution is the Os(VIII). We demonstrate, for the first time, that mixed or odd valencies of osmium exist on the platinum surface at potentials higher that 800 mV. In-situ GIF-XAS measurements of an Os LIII edge also reveal the presence of three Os oxidation states. Namely, below the electrode potential of 400 mV, the X-ray fluorescent energy at maximum absorption is 10.8765 keV, and is characteristic of the metallic Os. In the potential range between 500 and 1000 mV this energy is gradually shifted to higher values, assignable to higher valencies of osmium, like Os(IV). This tendency continues to higher potentials consistent with the third, highly oxidized osmium form present, most likely Os(VIII). The variation of the “raw edge jump height” of Os with the electrode potential, which is equivalent to a drop in osmium surface concentration, demonstrates that the electrochemical stripping of Os begins below 1.0 V versus RHE, as expected from voltammetry. Also, the observed intensity of the white line of Os in the 100–400 mV region is larger than the value reported for metallic bulk Os. This discrepancy may result from the difference in the electronic properties of the metallic Os layers on Pt(111) and the metallic bulk Os: in the potential region between 100 and 400 mV, the 5d electrons in Os and Pt form a mixed electronic band, and the density of electronic states near the Fermi level, the main factor determining the white line intensity, may not be the same as in metallic bulk. The presented results on osmium adlayers are much more comprehensive than those available in our previous work due to the combined STM, GIF-XAS and XPS investigations. A nearly perfect convergence of the in situ and ex situ data is one of the main research outcomes of this project. Finally, platinum XPS spectra taken in the context of Os electrooxidation from the electrode surface are also presented and conclusions are made, that up to 900 mV platinum remain metallic, irrespective of a significant osmium oxidation on its surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - OSMIUM
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - In-situ GIF-XAS, fuel cell, catalysis
KW  - Osmium, platinum, oxidation states
KW  - XPS-electrochemistry, in-situ STM
N1  - Accession Number: 10952206; Rhee, C.K. 1 Wakisaka, M. 2,3 Tolmachev, Y.V. 3 Johnston, Christina M. 1 Haasch, R. 2 Attenkofer, K. 3 Lu, G.Q. 1 You, H. 3; Email Address: hyou@anl.gov Wieckowski, A. 1; Email Address: andrzej@scs.uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4845, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 554-555, p367; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: OSMIUM; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-situ GIF-XAS, fuel cell, catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Osmium, platinum, oxidation states; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS-electrochemistry, in-situ STM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00256-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saravanan, Chandra
AU  - Dunietz, Barry D.
AU  - Markovic, Nenad M.
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
AU  - Ross, Phil N.
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - Electro-oxidation of CO on Pt-based electrodes simulated by electronic structure calculations
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 554-555
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 15726657
AB  - CO electro-oxidation on Pt-based electrodes is simulated by density functional calculations on cluster models. A surface bound complex of CO with OH is identified as a crucial intermediate in the mechanism of CO oxidation. The complex under the influence of an appropriate potential and in the presence of water undergoes CO oxidation. The potential energy surface for this reaction as a function of the potential of the electrode is presented, and the barrier for the reaction is shown to vanish above a sufficiently positive applied potential. In addition, the different major barriers for the process are highlighted by comparing the mechanism on pure Pt to a Ru&z.sbnd;Pt alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - PLATINUM alloys
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Ab initio calculations
KW  - CO electro-oxidation
KW  - Density functional theory calculations
KW  - Pt surface catalysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10952216; Saravanan, Chandra 1,2 Dunietz, Barry D. 1,2; Email Address: dunietz@bastille.cchem.berkeley.edu Markovic, Nenad M. 2 Somorjai, Gabor A. 1,2 Ross, Phil N. 2 Head-Gordon, Martin 1,2; Email Address: mhg@bastille.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 554-555, p459; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: PLATINUM alloys; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO electro-oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional theory calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt surface catalysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00414-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pasternak, M.P.
AU  - Xu, W.M.
AU  - Rozenberg, G.Kh.
AU  - Taylor, R.D.
AU  - Jeanloz, R.
T1  - Pressure-induced coordination crossover in magnetite; the breakdown of the Verwey–Mott localization hypothesis
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 265
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - L107
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Temperature-dependent 57Fe Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy to 40 GPa shows that Fe3O4 magnetite undergoes a coordination crossover (CC), whereby charge density is shifted from octahedral to tetrahedral sites and the spinel structure thus changes from inverse to normal with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature. A precursor to the CC is a d-charge decoupling within the octahedral sites at the inverse-spinel phase. The CC transition takes place almost exactly at the Verwey transition temperature (<f>TV=122</f> K) at ambient pressure. While <f>TV</f> decreases with pressure the CC-transition temperature increases with pressure, reaching 300 K at 10 GPa. The d electron localization mechanism proposed by Verwey and later by Mott for <f>T<TV</f> is shown to be unrelated to the actual mechanism of the metal–insulator transition attributed to the Verwey transition. It is proposed that a first-order phase transition taking place at <f>∼TV</f> at ambient pressure opens a small gap within the oxygen p-band, resulting in the observed insulating state at <f>T>TV</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETITE
KW  - IRON ores
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Mössbauer spectroscopy
KW  - Phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 10688792; Pasternak, M.P. 1,2; Email Address: hh136@post.tau.ac.il Xu, W.M. 1 Rozenberg, G.Kh. Taylor, R.D. 2 Jeanloz, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel  2: MST-10, MS-K764, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 87545 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 265 Issue 2, pL107; Subject Term: MAGNETITE; Subject Term: IRON ores; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mössbauer spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00549-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Michael Z.-C.
AU  - Payzant, E. A.
AU  - Booth, K. R.
AU  - Rawn, C. J.
AU  - Hunt, R. D.
AU  - Allard, L. F.
T1  - Ultrafine microsphere particles of zirconium titanate produced by homogeneous dielectric-tuning coprecipitation.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3831
EP  - 3844
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Zirconium titanates are widely used in electrical (common microwave dielectrics) and optical devices as well as in bifunctional catalysis and structural ceramics. In this paper, ultrafine amorphous solid microsphere precursor particles of zirconium titanate (ZrxTi1 - xO2) with possibly tailored intraparticle nanostructure (i.e., nanosized pores) were synthesized by a “dielectric-tuning” solution coprecipitation method, in which inorganic salts were dissolved in a simple water-alcohol mixture and homogeneous nucleation and growth of particles were then induced by heating at temperatures below 100°C. Near-monodispersed particles were obtained. Particle sizes (nanometers to a few micrometers in diameter) were controlled by adjusting the process parameters such as salt concentration, alcohol-to-water volume ratio, temperature, and heating time. Nanosphere particles were produced with a rapid microwave heating nucleation-control scheme. Transmission electron microscopic analysis of each individual microsphere indicates that uniform nanostructures (a few nanometers in pore size) as well as compositional homogeneity (in terms of the Zr/Ti ratio) have been obtained inside each amorphous microsphere. In situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction data show that no phase segregation was observed in as-preprared microspheres and the transition from amorphous to the single-crystalline ZrTiO4 phase occurred around 650°C for a composition of Zr/Ti = 1. Interestingly, thermal analysis (DTA/TGA) data indicate that the solution synthesis condition seems to affect the crystallization activation energy and onset temperature, which varies from 530 to 680°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering -- Materials
KW  - CERAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16623230; Hu, Michael Z.-C. 1; Email Address: hum1@ornl.gov Payzant, E. A. 2 Booth, K. R. 3 Rawn, C. J. 2 Hunt, R. D. 1 Allard, L. F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennesse 37831-6181, USA.  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6181, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 38 Issue 18, p3831; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: TITANATES; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering -- Materials; Subject Term: CERAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahurin, S.M.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Schumacher, Ray F.
T1  - Spectroscopic determination of heterogeneities in uranyl-doped glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 325
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 70
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Fluorescence spectroscopic methods were used to obtain information concerning the speciation of uranyl doped into three types of glass: a silica sol–gel glass, a frit glass (a simulant glass for vitrification of radionuclides), and a pyrex glass. Fluorescence decay curves were acquired and lifetime distributions were calculated for each glass via a continuous model analysis program. The uranyl ion contained in the commercial borosilicate glass shows a single lifetime at approximately 370 μs, while the other glasses show multiple peaks at various lifetimes. In addition, a red shift in the emission spectrum of the uranyl ion in the frit and commercial glass indicates stronger bonding of the ion in these glasses as compared to the sol–gel glass. It is concluded that the commercial borosilicate glass provides the most homogeneous environment for the uranyl ion while phase separation in the frit is responsible for the observed multicomponent lifetime distribution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PYREX
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 10570386; Mahurin, S.M. 1 Dai, Sheng 1; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov Schumacher, Ray F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Waste Processing Technology, Savannah River Technology Center, Aiken, SC 29808, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 325 Issue 1-3, p70; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PYREX; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00364-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooke, D.W.
AU  - Bennett, B.L.
T1  - Optical absorption and luminescence of 14-MeV neutron-irradiated CaF2 single crystals
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 321
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 158
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The effects of 14-MeV neutron irradiation (1.1 × 1019 n/m2) on crystalline CaF2 have been examined by optical absorption and luminescence techniques to evaluate its suitability as a window material for fusion energy applications. For comparison, similar studies were done on unirradiated and X-irradiated samples. It is confirmed that pristine CaF2 exhibits excellent optical transmission in the spectral region 200–1000 nm. X and neutron irradiation induce similar optical absorption spectra with maximum absorption coefficients approximately 1.6 and 0.8 cm−1, respectively. Thermally stimulated luminescence glow curves are induced by X-ray (11.55 kGy) and neutron exposures; peaks occur at 423, 534, 596 and 479, 550, 605 K, respectively. Thermal annealing experiments show that the major absorption peaks decay in concert with appearance of the first glow peak, which is attributed to an electron trap. Thus, the major absorption bands are associated with F and F-aggregate centers. The relative ease with which these centers are produced strongly suggests that CaF2 is not a good final optic window material for fusion energy applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - CALCIUM fluoride crystals
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 10695332; Cooke, D.W.; Email Address: cooke@lanl.gov Bennett, B.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Structure/Property Relations, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, MS E546, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 321 Issue 2/3, p158; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: CALCIUM fluoride crystals; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00240-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snead, L.L.
AU  - Burchell, T.D.
AU  - Qualls, A.L.
T1  - Strength of neutron-irradiated high-quality 3D carbon fiber composite
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 321
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The effects of neutron irradiation to 10 dpa at 500 and 800 °C on a high-quality three-dimensional balanced weave composite (FMI-222) is presented. Strength and dimensional stability for this system is compared to earlier work on this material, at lower dose, and contrasted with that of a well studied isotropic graphite (POCO AXF-5Q) irradiated at identical conditions. For both irradiation temperatures the composite strength in bending is substantially increased. While both irradiation temperatures cause contraction along the bend bar axis, the amount of contraction is greater for the higher temperature irradiation. Moreover, for the 500 °C irradiation the corresponding decrease in volume is observed, though an apparent large increase in volume occurs for the 800 °C irradiated composite. This departure from isotropic dimensional change is explained in terms of fiber dimensional stability model previously presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
N1  - Accession Number: 10695333; Snead, L.L.; Email Address: sneadll@ornl.gov Burchell, T.D. 1 Qualls, A.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6138, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 321 Issue 2/3, p165; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00246-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Jinsuo
AU  - Li, Ning
T1  - Parametric study of a corrosion model applied to lead–bismuth flow systems
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 321
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The corrosion of steels exposed to flowing liquid metals is influenced by local and axial conditions of the flow systems. Despite of this, most existing corrosion models only consider the mean values based on local conditions. The present study refines a model for flowing liquid metal under non-isothermal conditions. The model is based on solving the mass transport equation in the boundary layer. Two kinds of flows are investigated: through an open pipe system and through a closed loop system. The model is applied to a lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) test loop. A parametric study illustrates the effects of the axial temperature profile on corrosion. The study provides important insight to the design, operation and testing of such loop systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEEL -- Corrosion
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - PHYSICAL metallurgy
N1  - Accession Number: 10695336; Zhang, Jinsuo; Email Address: jzhang@cnls.lanl.gov Li, Ning 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 321 Issue 2/3, p184; Subject Term: STEEL -- Corrosion; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: PHYSICAL metallurgy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00244-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fournier, L.
AU  - Sencer, B.H.
AU  - Was, G.S.
AU  - Simonen, E.P.
AU  - Bruemmer, S.M.
T1  - The influence of oversized solute additions on radiation-induced changes and post-irradiation intergranular stress corrosion cracking behavior in high-purity 316 stainless steels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 321
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 192
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The influence of oversized solute additions on the radiation-induced microstructure, radiation-induced segregation (RIS) at grain boundaries and post-irradiation intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) behavior of model, high-purity 316 stainless alloys, doped with either 0.3 at.% platinum or 0.3 at.% hafnium, and proton-irradiated to 2.5 and 5 dpa at 400 °C was examined. Radiation-induced microstructure was characterized using both bright and dark field imaging techniques in transmission electron microscopy. Platinum addition was found to promote void nucleation and to increase both the loop density and the mean loop diameter relative to the base alloy at 2.5 dpa. Addition of hafnium was effective in reducing swelling at 2.5 and 5 dpa. Hafnium addition also significantly decreased the mean loop diameter relative to the base alloy. Both platinum and hafnium additions also resulted in significant suppression of RIS at grain boundaries at 2.5 dpa. At 5 dpa, the influence of hafnium addition on RIS was still beneficial but much less pronounced. Comparative constant elongation rate tensile tests performed in a simulated boiling water reactor environment at 288 °C demonstrated a beneficial effect of hafnium addition and to a lesser extent platinum addition on the post-irradiation IGSCC behavior of 316 stainless steel alloys. The 316SS alloy doped with platinum exhibited a slightly lower susceptibility to post-irradiation IGSCC than the 316SS base alloy at both 2.5 and 5 dpa. Most spectacularly, the 316SS alloy doped with hafnium was found to be not susceptible to post-irradiation IGSCC at both 2.5 and 5 dpa. The mechanisms by which oversized solute additions impact point defect behavior as well as the links between radiation-induced changes and irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - SEGREGATION
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
N1  - Accession Number: 10695337; Fournier, L. 1; Email Address: fournier@drnsac.cea.fr Sencer, B.H. 2 Was, G.S. 2 Simonen, E.P. 3 Bruemmer, S.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: CEA Saclay, Dept. de Materiaux pour le Nucleaire, Lab. de Caracterisation des Materiaux Irradies, Bat. 625P, 91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France  2: The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 321 Issue 2/3, p192; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: SEGREGATION; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00243-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yilmazbayhan, A.
AU  - Delaire, O.
AU  - Motta, A.T.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
AU  - Maser, J.M.
AU  - Lai, B.
T1  - Determination of the alloying content in the matrix of Zr alloys using synchrotron radiation microprobe X-ray fluorescence
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 321
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The alloying element content in the α-Zr matrix of Zr alloys was studied using synchrotron radiation microprobe X-ray fluorescence, coupled with Monte Carlo simulation of the fluorescence process for quantification of the concentrations. The agreement between the measured values and the bulk concentrations of the alloy standards, as measured by the overall fit of the full fluorescence spectrum, was excellent. We measured the concentration of insoluble alloying elements in the matrix of Zircaloy-4 previously annealed to 705 °C for 125 h (corresponding to a cumulative annealing parameter (CAP) of 2.1 × 10−16 h, <f>CAP=∑itiexp(−Q/RTi)</f> where <f>ti</f> is the time (hours) spent at temperature <f>Ti</f> (K) and <f>Q/R=40 000</f> K) and in the matrix of a ZrSnNbFe alloy with a composition similar to ZIRLOTM, but annealed at 710 °C for 92 h. The matrix concentrations of alloying elements were found to be, Fe=290 wt. ppm, Cr=270 wt. ppm in Zircaloy-4 and Fe=250 wt. ppm in the ZrSnNbFe alloy. These results are discussed in light of other experimental determinations of alloying element concentrations in the literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM alloys
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10695339; Yilmazbayhan, A. 1 Delaire, O. 1 Motta, A.T. 1; Email Address: atm2@psu.edu Birtcher, R.C. 2 Maser, J.M. 3 Lai, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 227 Reber Building, University Park, PA 16802-1400, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 321 Issue 2/3, p221; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM alloys; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00267-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rest, J.
T1  - The effect of irradiation-induced gas-atom re-solution on grain-boundary bubble growth
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 321
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The rim region of high-burnup fuels is characterized by an exponential growth of intergranular porosity. In particular, the understanding of the dynamics of irradiation-induced recrystallization and subsequent gas-bubble swelling requires a quantitative assessment of the nucleation and growth of grain-boundary bubbles. Calculations of bubble growth on the grain boundaries of irradiated nuclear fuels at relatively low temperatures have, in general, been performed under the assumption that these bubbles are not appreciably affected by irradiation-induced gas-atom re-solution. In contrast, matrix bubbles are strongly affected by this bubble shrinkage mechanism and as a consequence are generally two to three orders or more of magnitude smaller than the grain-boundary bubbles. A variational method is used to calculate diffusion from a spherical fuel grain. The junction position of two trial functions is set equal to the bubble gas-atom knock out distance. The effect of grain size, gas-atom re-solution rate and diffusivity, gas-atom knock out distance, and grain-boundary bubble density on the growth of intergranular bubbles is studied, and the conditions under which intergranular bubble growth occurs are elucidated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUBBLES
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - NUCLEATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10695349; Rest, J. 1; Email Address: jrest@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology-212, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 321 Issue 2/3, p305; Subject Term: BUBBLES; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00303-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kouri
AU  - D. J.
AU  - Vijay
AU  - A.
AU  - Hoffman
AU  - D. K.
T1  - Inverse Scattering Theory:  Renormalization of the Lippmann-Schwinger Equation for Quantum Elastic Scattering with Spherical Symmetry.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 7230
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We present a new inverse scattering series for quantum elastic scattering in three spherical dimensions. The new series, which converges absolutely, independent of the strength of the scattering interaction, results from a renormalization transformation of the Lippmann-Schwinger Fredholm integral equation to a Volterra form. A new feature of the formulation is that it does not require the determination of phase shifts and it can be applied even to integral cross-section measurements. The approach is illustrated by application to a simple example problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - INTEGRAL equations
N1  - Accession Number: 10908865; Kouri D. J. 1 Vijay A. 1 Hoffman D. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry, Mathematics, and Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 37, p7230; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: INTEGRAL equations; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuo
AU  - C.-W.
AU  - Shiu
AU  - J.-Y.
AU  - Chen
AU  - P.
AU  - Somorjai
AU  - G. A.
T1  - Fabrication of Size-Tunable Large-Area Periodic Silicon Nanopillar Arrays with Sub-10-nm Resolution.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 9950
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Here, we present a fabrication procedure that can produce large-area, size-tunable, periodic silicon nanopillar arrays, using metal templates that are created via nanosphere lithography. The size of the silicon nanopillars can be systematically controlled by an oxidation and etching process. The smallest size of nanopillars fabricated via this method is ~9 nm, and the area covered with nanopillars is >1 cm2. Using this approach and nanoimprint lithography, it is possible to pattern sub-10-nm metal nanoparticles with a particle density as high as 1 × 109 particles/cm2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 10908879; Kuo C.-W. 1 Shiu J.-Y. 1 Chen P. 1 Somorjai G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Applied Science and Engineering Research, Academia Sinica, 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Material Science and Chemistry Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 37, p9950; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abdallah Jr, J.
AU  - Junkel-Vives, G.C.
AU  - Faenov, A.Ya.
AU  - Skobelev, I.Yu.
AU  - Pikuz, T.A.
AU  - Magunov, A.I.
AU  - Blasco, F.
AU  - Bonte, C.
AU  - Dorchies, F.
AU  - Caillaud, T.
AU  - Salin, C.
AU  - Stenz, C.
T1  - Time-dependent study of K-shell satellite line structure from L-shell ions in ultra-short laser argon cluster experiments
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 00224073
AB  - The interaction of high-power, ultra-short, femtosecond laser pulses with matter, particularly solids and atomic gas clusters has been an area of extensive research in recent years. In particular, gas cluster targets, with their high densities and resistance to heat conduction, combine the advantages of both gas and solid targets. High temperature and high-density plasmas with satellite lines from multiply charged ions have been observed: 2p-1s emissions in Li-like through F-like ions appear in the experimental spectrum. The experimental satellite spectra show sensitivity to pulse duration, laser contrast, and cluster size. Since the laser energy is deposited in such a short timescale, a time-dependent model is being developed to study the plasma formation in such systems. In the present work, preliminary time-integrated spectra simulated from this model are presented assuming different initial conditions for the pre-plasma. The computational model also includes a provision for non-thermal electrons at energies substantially above the mean plasma temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - K-shell spectra
KW  - Short pulse lasers
KW  - Time dependent kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 10007772; Abdallah Jr, J. 1; Email Address: abd@lanl.gov Junkel-Vives, G.C. 1 Faenov, A.Ya. 2 Skobelev, I.Yu. 2 Pikuz, T.A. 2 Magunov, A.I. 2 Blasco, F. 3 Bonte, C. 3 Dorchies, F. 3 Caillaud, T. 3 Salin, C. 3 Stenz, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-4, P. O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Center of VNIIFTRI, Mendeleevo, Moscow region, 141570, Russia  3: CELIA, Universite Bordeaux 1, 33405 Talence, France; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p3; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: K-shell spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short pulse lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time dependent kinetics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00047-5
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Audebert, P.
AU  - Nagels, V.
AU  - Geindre, J.P.
AU  - Dorchies, F.
AU  - Peyrusse, O.
AU  - Gary, S.
AU  - Girard, F.
AU  - Shepherd, R.
AU  - Gauthier, J.C.
AU  - Chenais-Popovics, C.
T1  - X-ray spectroscopy of a thin foil plasma produced by a short-pulse high-intensity laser
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 00224073
AB  - High density and temperature plasmas have been generated by irradiating thin foils of various elements with a high-energy subpicosecond laser pulse. The X-ray emission duration was studied by time-resolved X-ray spectroscopy. Frequency domain interferometry provided a measurement of the hydrodynamic expansion of the back of the foil as a function of time. The effect of longitudinal temperature gradients, i.e., gradients perpendicular to the surface, were decreased using very thin foil targets. Additionally, radial gradients effects, i.e., gradients parallel to the surface, were limited by using a <f>50 μm</f> pinhole on target. The Al, Se and Sm spectra, recorded in the range 7.7–<f>8 A˚</f> using a conical crystal spectrometer coupled to an <f>800 fs</f> resolution streak camera, lasted a few picoseconds. Sm spectra showed no spectral features in this wavelength range, providing a spectrally homogeneous backlighter for future experiments. The main features of the experimental time-resolved spectra have been well reproduced with one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the free expansion of a plasma heated at a given initial temperature obtained from the expansion velocity of the rear critical surface of the plasma. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - High density plasma
KW  - Short pulse laser
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10007774; Audebert, P. 1; Email Address: patrick.audebert@polytechnique.fr Nagels, V. 1 Geindre, J.P. 1 Dorchies, F. 2 Peyrusse, O. 3 Gary, S. 3 Girard, F. 3 Shepherd, R. 4 Gauthier, J.C. 1 Chenais-Popovics, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: LULI, UMR No 7605 CNRS, CEA, Ecole Polytechnique, Univ. Paris VI, Palaiseau 91128, France  2: CELIA, Université Bordeaux 33405 Talence, France  3: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Bruyères-le-Châtel 91680, France  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p19; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Author-Supplied Keyword: High density plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short pulse laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00049-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007774&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, J.E.
AU  - Arnault, P.
AU  - Blenski, T.
AU  - Dejonghe, G.
AU  - Peyrusse, O.
AU  - MacFarlane, J.J.
AU  - Mancini, R.C.
AU  - Cuneo, M.E.
AU  - Nielsen, D.S.
AU  - Rochau, G.A.
T1  - Opacity measurements of tamped NaBr samples heated by <f>z</f>-pinch X-rays
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Laboratory measurements provide benchmark data for wavelength-dependent plasma opacities to assist inertial confinement fusion, astrophysics, and atomic physics research. There are several potential benefits to using <f>z</f>-pinch radiation for opacity measurements, including relatively large cm-scale lateral sample sizes and relatively-long 3–<f>5 ns</f> experiment durations. These features enhance sample uniformity. The spectrally resolved transmission through a CH-tamped NaBr foil was measured. The <f>z</f>-pinch produced the X-rays for both the heating source and backlight source. The (<f>50±4</f>) eV foil electron temperature and <f>(3±1)×1021 cm−3</f> foil electron density were determined by analysis of the Na absorption features. LTE and NLTE opacity model calculations of the <f>n=2</f> to 3, 4 transitions in bromine ionized into the M-shell are in reasonably good agreement with the data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPACITY (Optics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - <f>∎</f>
N1  - Accession Number: 10007775; Bailey, J.E. 1; Email Address: jebaile@sandia.gov Arnault, P. 2 Blenski, T. 3 Dejonghe, G. 2 Peyrusse, O. 2 MacFarlane, J.J. 4 Mancini, R.C. 5 Cuneo, M.E. 1 Nielsen, D.S. 6 Rochau, G.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1196, USA  2: CEA-DIF, BP 12, 91680, Bruyeres-Le-Chatel, France  3: DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, CEA, Centre Etudes de Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  4: Prism Computational Sciences, Madison, WI 53703, USA  5: Dept. of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  6: K-Tech Corporation, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p31; Subject Term: OPACITY (Optics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>∎</f>; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00050-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007775&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bauche, J.
AU  - Bauche-Arnoult, C.
AU  - Peyrusse, O.
AU  - Bachelier, A.
AU  - Fournier, K.B.
AU  - Chenais-Popovics, C.
AU  - Gauthier, J.-C.
T1  - Analysis of a non-LTE xenon spectrum by means of the model of superconfiguration temperatures
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 00224073
AB  - The method of superconfiguration (SC) temperatures is used for interpreting the experimental spectrum of a non-LTE xenon plasma with <f>kTe=450 eV</f> and <f>ne=1.2×1020 cm−3</f>. 109 SCs are selected for representing the eight relevant ions. The coefficients of the linear equations for the populations and the temperatures of these SCs are deduced from the rates of the atomic processes between the constituent configurations. The obtained ion balance is close to the results of previous calculations by other methods. The simulated spectrum agrees very well with the experimental spectrum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XENON
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - Collisional-radiative model
KW  - Non-LTE plasmas
KW  - Populations in plasmas
N1  - Accession Number: 10007776; Bauche, J. 1; Email Address: jacques.bauche@lac.u-psud.fr Bauche-Arnoult, C. 1 Peyrusse, O. 2 Bachelier, A. 1 Fournier, K.B. 3 Chenais-Popovics, C. 4 Gauthier, J.-C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, Campus d'Orsay, Bâtiment 505, 91405 Orsay, France  2: CEA-DIF, BP 12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L41, P.O.B. 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p47; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: Collisional-radiative model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-LTE plasmas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populations in plasmas; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00051-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007776&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benredjem, D.
AU  - Kuba, J.
AU  - Möller, C.
T1  - Collimated-X-ray propagation in Ne-like and Ni-like media
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 00224073
AB  - We present results on the propagation of X-ray lasers where amplification occurs in a laser-produced plasma having a large proportion of either Ni-like silver or Ne-like iron ions. A ray-trace algorithm is used to model the refraction of the X-ray beam due to electron density gradients. The electron density profile used in the ray-trace calculations is provided by the hydro-code EHYBRID. Knowing the beam paths for various initial conditions the intensity and population densities are calculated in the saturation regime by using a Maxwell–Bloch approach. In the saturation regime, interaction between the pencil-shaped X-ray beam and the medium must be taken into account. In our modeling, the radiative transfer equation and the population rate equations are handled in a single calculation as the X-ray electric field affects the level populations and vice versa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - Laser–plasma interaction
KW  - Ray-tracing
KW  - X-ray lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 10007777; Benredjem, D. 1; Email Address: djamel.benredjem@lsai.u-psud.fr Kuba, J. 2 Möller, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: LIXAM, Université Paris-Sud, Centre d'Orsay, Bât. 350 91405 Orsay Cedex, France  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p57; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser–plasma interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ray-tracing; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray lasers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00059-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007777&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bowen, C.
AU  - Decoster, A.
AU  - Fontes, C.J.
AU  - Fournier, K.B.
AU  - Peyrusse, O.
AU  - Ralchenko, Yu.V.
T1  - Review of the NLTE emissivities code comparison virtual workshop
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 00224073
AB  - We review the first “virtual workshop” designed to compare NLTE emissivities produced by widely differing types of atomic physics codes. A small set of significant results, illustrating the progress that is still to be achieved, is presented. We conclude with some lessons learned and possible avenues for future progress. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMISSIVITY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Atomic physics
KW  - Emissivity
KW  - NLTE population kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 10007779; Bowen, C. 1; Email Address: christopher.bowen@cea.fr Decoster, A. 1 Fontes, C.J. 2 Fournier, K.B. 3 Peyrusse, O. 1 Ralchenko, Yu.V. 4; Affiliation:  1: CEA/DIF, BP 12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F663, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-41, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p71; Subject Term: EMISSIVITY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: NLTE population kinetics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00061-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007779&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chung, H.-K.
AU  - Morgan, W.L.
AU  - Lee, R.W.
T1  - FLYCHK: an extension to the K-shell spectroscopy kinetics model FLY
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 00224073
AB  - The K-shell spectroscopy code FLY and its predecessors have been employed to study hot dense plasmas for decades. FLY has provided a basis for studies of K-shell ions up to <f>Z=26</f>, where its ease of use, PC application base, and synthetic spectral production have made it attractive to both experimentalists and modelers. However, the application has been focused on K-shell ions where less ionized species are represented as a ground state only. To attempt to make this simple model predict the ionization and recombination through the less ionized stages, we extend the model to include kinetics models for all ion stages. The emphasis of this extension is not to provide detailed spectra or population for the L- or M-shell, but to provide a K-shell model with enhanced accuracy in those cases where ionization and recombination through the L- and M-shell are important. This work is a first step in generating an application that will allow detailed analysis of sub-picosecond self-consistent velocity distribution and population kinetics solutions. We will discuss the extensions and provide examples. Finally, we will outline the progress towards the eventual goal of the self-consistent solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - Collisional-radiative modeling
KW  - Hydrogenic mode
KW  - K-shell spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10007782; Chung, H.-K. 1; Email Address: hchung@llnl.gov Morgan, W.L. 2 Lee, R.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-399, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Kinema Research, P.O. Box 1147, Monument, CO 80132, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p107; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: Collisional-radiative modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenic mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: K-shell spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00064-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007782&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eidmann, K.
AU  - Andiel, U.
AU  - Pisani, F.
AU  - Hakel, P.
AU  - Mancini, R.C.
AU  - Junkel-Vives, G.C.
AU  - Abdallah, J.
AU  - Witte, K.
T1  - K-shell spectra from hot dense aluminum layers buried in carbon and heated by ultrashort laser pulses
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Ultrashort laser pulses allow for the generation of hot plasmas near solid state densities. For this purpose a Ti:Sapphire laser was used, which delivers after frequency doubling, pulses of high contrast with an energy of about <f>60 mJ</f> and a duration of <f>150 fs</f> at <f>395 nm</f>. The typical intensity on the target was a few <f>1017 W/cm2</f>. To achieve a high degree of uniformity we used targets consisting of a <f>25 nm</f> thin Al tracer layer buried at different depths up to <f>400 nm</f> in solid carbon. Time-integrated Al K-shell spectra are presented. Characteristic features of the spectra are significant high-order satellite line emission, strong line broadening and a center-of-mass line shift to the red, which was observed in transitions from principal quantum number <f>n=2</f> or 3 to 1. Accurate measurement of the shift was made possible by using the cold Si <f>Kα</f> line as an absolute wavelength calibration. In addition to time-integrated measurements, we used an ultrafast X-ray streak camera to obtain time and spectrally resolved spectra. Typical durations of the <f>Lyα</f> and <f>Heα</f> lines are in the range 2–4 ps. The experimental results are compared with a time-dependent model, which combines hydrodynamic simulations, time-dependent atomic kinetics, detailed spectral line shapes including line shifts, and radiation transport. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRAL line broadening
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - K-shell spectroscopy
KW  - Short pulse laser
KW  - Spectral line shifts
N1  - Accession Number: 10007786; Eidmann, K. 1; Email Address: eidmann@mpq.mpg.de Andiel, U. 1 Pisani, F. 1 Hakel, P. 2 Mancini, R.C. 2 Junkel-Vives, G.C. 3 Abdallah, J. 3 Witte, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Max Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany  2: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0058, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p133; Subject Term: SPECTRAL line broadening; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Author-Supplied Keyword: K-shell spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short pulse laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral line shifts; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00067-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007786&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fournier, K.B.
AU  - Faenov, A.Ya.
AU  - Pikuz, T.A.
AU  - Skobelev, I.Yu.
AU  - Flora, F.
AU  - Bollanti, S.
AU  - Di Lazzaro, P.
AU  - Murra, D.
AU  - Reale, A.
AU  - Reale, L.
AU  - Tomassetti, G.
AU  - Ritucci, A.
AU  - Bellucci, I.
AU  - Martellucci, S.
AU  - Petrocelli, G.
AU  - Belyaev, V.S.
AU  - Vinogradov, V.I.
AU  - Kyrilov, A.S.
AU  - Matafonov, A.P.
T1  - Rydberg transitions in the spectra of near-neon-like Cu and Zn ions in different laser-produced plasmas: observations and modeling
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00224073
AB  - We present observations of high-<f>n</f> transitions in the spectra of neon-like <f>Cu19+</f> and <f>Zn20+</f> ions observed in a variety of laser-produced plasmas (LPPs). The spectra are recorded with spectral resolution <f>λ/Δλ=3000</f>–8000 from three different laser sources: a <f>15 ns</f>-pulse length Nd:glass, a ps-pulse length Nd:glass, a <f>12 ns</f>-pulse length XeCl laser. These spectral observations are used to classify the transitions in the <f>2p</f>–<f>nd</f> and <f>2s</f>–<f>np</f> Rydberg series of the Ne-like copper and zinc ions, and to derive their first and second ionization energies. The plasma X-ray emission is simulated with a steady-state collisional-radiative model that includes the effect of self-absorption on line intensities, and the effect of hot-electron populations on the ionization balance. These spectra, along with those in our other recent work, provide a comprehensive set of data that can be used to test the accuracy of atomic-structure calculations, and to demonstrate the importance of opacity and hot electron effects on high-<f>n</f> transitions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RYDBERG states
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - <f>Cu19+</f>–copper
KW  - <f>Zn20+</f>–zinc
KW  - Neon-like ions
KW  - Rydberg series
KW  - X-ray spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 10007788; Fournier, K.B. 1; Email Address: fournier2@llnl.gov Faenov, A.Ya. 2 Pikuz, T.A. 2 Skobelev, I.Yu. 2 Flora, F. 3 Bollanti, S. 3 Di Lazzaro, P. 3 Murra, D. 3 Reale, A. 4 Reale, L. 4 Tomassetti, G. 4 Ritucci, A. 4 Bellucci, I. 5 Martellucci, S. 5 Petrocelli, G. 5 Belyaev, V.S. 6 Vinogradov, V.I. 6 Kyrilov, A.S. 6 Matafonov, A.P. 6; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-473, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Center of VNIIFTRI, Moscow, 141570, Russia  3: ENEA, Dipartimento Innovazione, Settore Fisica Applicata, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy  4: Dipartimento di Fisica e INFM, INFN g.c. LNGS, Università dell'Aquila, 67010 L'Aquila, Italy  5: INFM-Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Fisiche ed Energetiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via di Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy  6: Central Research Institute of Machine Building (TSNIIMASH), 4, Pionerskaya St., Korolev, Moscow Region, 141070, Russia; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p167; Subject Term: RYDBERG states; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>Cu19+</f>–copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>Zn20+</f>–zinc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neon-like ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rydberg series; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray spectra; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00069-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007788&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haynes Jr., Donald A.
AU  - Regan, Sean P.
AU  - Gunderson, Mark A.
AU  - Delamater, Norman D.
T1  - Observation, interpretation, and diagnostic utility of plasma-induced line shifts
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Time-resolved Ar K-shell spectra from directly driven microballoon implosions are presented, where the position of the He- and H-like resonance lines and their associated satellites apparently shift to lower energy as the implosion proceeds. This apparent shift is explained as being solely the result of the plasma-induced line shifts long predicted by Stark broadening theory. The properties of the line shift and the line shape are exploited in a proposed time-dependent diagnostic of plasma composition which may be useful in determining time-dependent ablator-fuel mix amounts in inertial confinement fusion experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - Line shifts
KW  - Stark broadening
N1  - Accession Number: 10007793; Haynes Jr., Donald A. 1; Email Address: dhaynes@lanl.gov Regan, Sean P. 2 Gunderson, Mark A. 3 Delamater, Norman D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Technology Institute, University of Wisconsin, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623, USA  3: Mail Stop T085, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 84545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p209; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: Line shifts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stark broadening; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00073-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007793&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Csanak, G.
AU  - Kilcrease, D.P.
AU  - Meneses, G.D.
T1  - Coupled channel formulation of the perturbed finite-temperature atomic random phase approximation: single channel approximation
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 00224073
AB  - We present the spin and angular momentum analysis of the inhomogeneous coupled partial integro-differential equation formulation of the finite-temperature random phase approximation of an atom in a plasma. We demonstrate the cancellation of the direct and exchange self-interaction terms in the three-dimensional form of the equations. The direct self-interaction terms are also shown to cancel for each partial wave in the radial equations obtained from the spin and angular momentum analysis. We discuss how this inhomogeneous formulation avoids normalization difficulties encountered in our previous homogeneous eigenvalue formulation. Finally, the photoabsorption of the atom is given in terms of its polarizability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - Average atom
KW  - Finite temperature random phase approximation
KW  - Photoabsorption
N1  - Accession Number: 10007797; Csanak, G. 1; Email Address: georgec@lanl.gov Kilcrease, D.P. 2 Meneses, G.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Atomic & Optical Theory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663 MS B212, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Instituto de Fisica “Gleb Wataghin”, UNICAMP, CP6165, 13081 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p247; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: Average atom; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite temperature random phase approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoabsorption; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00077-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007797&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langer, Steven H.
AU  - Scott, Howard A.
AU  - Marinak, Michael M.
AU  - Landen, Otto L.
T1  - Comparisons of line emission from 2- and 3-dimensionsal simulations of ICF capsules to experiments
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Hydrodynamic instabilities and drive asymmetries can reduce the yield in an inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosion. Line emission from trace elements placed in the capsule can be used to diagnose the extent of the departures from an ideal spherical implosion. This paper presents the results of a large number of 2D simulations and a few 3D simulations of line emission from argon in the DH fuel and titanium placed in the inner layers of the plastic shell of a Nova ICF capsule. In the simulations, the interface between the fuel and the shell becomes highly distorted. The simulations are compared to Nova experimental data on the thermonuclear yield, the ratio of argon Ly-<f>β</f> to titanium He-<f>α</f>, the relative strength of titanium He-<f>α</f> and its satellite lines, and the strength of the continuum near titanium He-<f>α</f>. The agreement is good enough to confirm that the simulations correctly model the basic character of the implosion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - atomic line emission
KW  - Inertial confinement fusion
KW  - Radiative transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 10007800; Langer, Steven H.; Email Address: langer1@llnl.gov Scott, Howard A. 1 Marinak, Michael M. 1 Landen, Otto L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-022, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p275; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: atomic line emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial confinement fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative transfer; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00080-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007800&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moon, S.J.
AU  - Fournier, K.B.
AU  - Scott, H.
AU  - Chung, H.-K.
AU  - Lee, R.W.
T1  - Optical pumping experiments in the XUV regime
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 00224073
AB  - The construction of the Tesla Test Facility at DESY, a short pulse tunable soft X-ray free electron laser (FEL) source based on the self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) process, will provide a major advance in the capability for dense plasma-related and warm dense matter research. This source will provide <f>1013</f> photons in a <f>200 fs</f> duration pulse that is tunable from <f>∼6</f> to <f>100 nm</f>. Laser-based plasma spectroscopic techniques have been used with great success to determine the line shapes of atomic transitions in plasmas, study the population kinetics of atomic systems embedded in plasmas, and look at the redistribution of radiation. However, the possibilities for optical lasers end for plasmas with <f>ne&ges;1022 cm−3</f> as light propagation is severely altered by the plasma. Since an XUV-FEL will not have this limitation the entire field of high density plasma kinetics in laser produced plasma will then be available to study with the tunable source. Thus, one will be able to use these X-ray sources to pump individual transitions creating enhanced population in the excited states that can be easily monitored. We show two case studies illuminating different aspects of plasma spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - Free electron laser
KW  - Laser produced plasma
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10007803; Moon, S.J.; Email Address: moon1@llnl.gov Fournier, K.B. 1 Scott, H. 1 Chung, H.-K. 1 Lee, R.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-473, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p311; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser produced plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00083-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007803&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shepherd, Ronnie
AU  - Audebert, P.
AU  - Chen, H-K.
AU  - Fournier, K.B.
AU  - Peyreusse, O.
AU  - Moon, S.
AU  - Lee, R.W.
AU  - Price, D.
AU  - Klein, L.
AU  - Gauthier, J.C.
AU  - Springer, P.
T1  - Satellite and opacity effects on resonance line shapes produced from short-pulse laser heated foils
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
SN  - 00224073
AB  - We measure the He-like, time-resolved emission from two types of thin foils (1) consisting of <f>250 A˚</f> of carbon together with <f>250 A˚</f> of aluminum and (2) <f>500 A˚</f> aluminum, illuminated with a <f>150 fs</f> laser pulse at an intensity of <f>1019 W/cm2</f>. Dielectronic satellite contributions to the resonance transitions <f>1s2</f>–<f>1s2p(1P)</f>, <f>1s2</f>–<f>1s3p(1P)</f>, and <f>1s2</f>–<f>1s4p(1P)</f> are modeled using the configuration-averaged code AVERROE&grave;S and is found to be significant for all three resonance lines. The effects of opacity are inferred from the data and found to be significant only in the <f>1s2</f>–<f>1s2p(1P)</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Short pulse laser
KW  - Short pulse laser produced plasma
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10007813; Shepherd, Ronnie 1; Email Address: shepherd1@llnl.gov Audebert, P. 2 Chen, H-K. 1 Fournier, K.B. 1 Peyreusse, O. 3 Moon, S. 1 Lee, R.W. 1 Price, D. 1 Klein, L. 4 Gauthier, J.C. 2 Springer, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, UMR7605, CNRS-CEA-Université Paris VI-École polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France  3: CEA-DIF, Bruyère-le-Châtel, France  4: Physics and Astronomy Department, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p431; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short pulse laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short pulse laser produced plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00093-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007813&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welser, L.A.
AU  - Mancini, R.C.
AU  - Koch, J.A.
AU  - Izumi, N.
AU  - Dalhed, H.
AU  - Scott, H.
AU  - Barbee Jr., T.W.
AU  - Lee, R.W.
AU  - Golovkin, I.E.
AU  - Marshall, F.
AU  - Delettrez, J.
AU  - Klein, L.
T1  - Analysis of the spatial structure of inertial confinement fusion implosion cores at OMEGA
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
SN  - 00224073
AB  - We report on an experimental and modeling study of the spatial structure in indirectly driven implosion cores. To this end, Ar-doped <f>D2</f>-filled plastic shells were irradiated with the OMEGA laser system. We focus on processing and analysis of data recorded with a new X-ray imager (MMI-2) that records numerous narrow-band images that include both line and continuum emission. The temperature and density gradients are determined by using a multi-objective analysis of X-ray narrow-band images and X-ray line spectra. This analysis self-consistently determines the temperature and density gradients that yield the best fits to the spatially-resolved emissivity and space-integrated spectral line shapes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPATIAL systems
KW  - STRUCTURAL shells
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Plasma diagnostics
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10007818; Welser, L.A. 1; Email Address: lwelser@physics.unr.edu Mancini, R.C. 1 Koch, J.A. 2 Izumi, N. 2 Dalhed, H. 2 Scott, H. 2 Barbee Jr., T.W. 2 Lee, R.W. 2 Golovkin, I.E. 3 Marshall, F. 4 Delettrez, J. 4 Klein, L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Prism Computational Sciences, Madison, WI 53703, USA  4: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p487; Subject Term: SPATIAL systems; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL shells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00098-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007818&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, Brian
AU  - Iglesias, Carlos
AU  - Chen, Mau
T1  - Improvements in the phase-amplitude method for calculating free–free gaunt factors and spherical bessel functions of high angular momentum
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 81
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Standard quantum mechanical calculations of free–free gaunt factors can be computationally exacting due to the fine radial mesh required to resolve the oscillations in the continuum wavefunctions. Introducing a wavefunction representation in terms of amplitude and phase allows a coarser radial mesh leading to considerable speed up. However, special treatments of solving the non-linear differential equation for the amplitude and evaluating the radial dipole integrals are required. These algorithmic details are presented and contrasted to earlier schemes. A non-recursive method for calculating spherical Bessel functions of large order is also given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - Gaunt factor
KW  - Inverse bremsstrahlung
KW  - Phase-amplitude methods
N1  - Accession Number: 10007819; Wilson, Brian; Email Address: wilson9@llnl.gov Iglesias, Carlos 1 Chen, Mau 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Mail Stop L 473, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 81 Issue 1-4, p499; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gaunt factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse bremsstrahlung; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase-amplitude methods; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00099-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10007819&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozaki, T.
AU  - Ambe, S.
AU  - Abe, T.
AU  - Francis, A. J.
T1  - Uptake of short half-life radionuclides, 28Mg, 43K and 47Ca, in carrot studied by the multitracer technique: Feasibility of utilization of the radionuclides in environmental research.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 258
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 92
SN  - 02365731
AB  - We investigated successfully the uptake of the radionuclides with short half-lives, such as 24Na, 28Mg, 43K and 47Ca, and the effect of stable Ca on their uptake in carrot (Daucas carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the multitracer technique. These radionuclides were produced by a fragmentation reaction of Ti in a 135 MeV/nucleon 12C beam accelerated by the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron. This study shows that these radionuclides in a multitracer can be utilized in environmental research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - HALF-life (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16782142; Ozaki, T. 1; Email Address: tozaki@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Ambe, S. 2 Abe, T. 2 Francis, A. J. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan.  2: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton New York 11973, USA.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 258 Issue 1, p89; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: HALF-life (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G. L.
T1  - Plutonium disproportionation: Remark on species distributions.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 258
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 158
SN  - 02365731
AB  - Balanced disproportionation equations indicate phenomena not predicted by the traditional, two-reaction-product equations. This communication illustrates unanticipated maxima in oxidation state distributions and suggests that they might be useful for characterizing alpha coefficients in aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - TRANSURANIUM elements
KW  - HEAVY elements
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16782131; Silver, G. L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory (Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-5) P.O. Box 1663, MS E500, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 258 Issue 1, p157; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: TRANSURANIUM elements; Subject Term: HEAVY elements; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R.K.
AU  - Johnston, S.W.
T1  - An advanced technique for measuring minority-carrier parameters and defect properties of semiconductors
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 102
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 09215107
AB  - Rapid and contactless defect characterization is a very desirable goal in most current technologies. We will describe the contactless, resonant-coupled photoconductive decay (RCPCD) technique, as applied to a variety of wafer and thin-film materials. Using this technique, we can measure recombination lifetime over many decades of injection level. We can also measure relative values of minority-carrier mobility and diffusion length. By scanning the excitation wavelength, we can measure spectral response and photoconductive excitation spectra. Deep-level impurities can also be detected by several variations of RCPCD. We will show the general versatility of this technique. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
KW  - Contactless
KW  - Deep-level impurities
KW  - Defect characterization
KW  - Minority-carrier mobility
KW  - RCPCD
KW  - Recombination lifetime
N1  - Accession Number: 10635081; Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Email Address: richard_ahrenkiel@nrel.gov Johnston, S.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 102 Issue 1-3, p161; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contactless; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep-level impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Minority-carrier mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: RCPCD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination lifetime; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5107(02)00639-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10635081&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Habib, Salman
AU  - Molina-París, Carmen
AU  - Deisboeck, Thomas S.
T1  - Complex dynamics of tumors: modeling an emerging brain tumor system with coupled reaction–diffusion equations
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 327
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
SN  - 03784371
AB  - One of the hallmarks of malignant brain tumors is their extensive tissue invasion, which represents a major obstacle for effective treatment. In this paper we specifically model the invasive behavior of such tumors viewed as complex dynamic biosystems. Based on the spatio-temporal patterns seen in an experimental setting for multicellular brain tumor spheroids we propose an invasion-guiding, dynamical profile of heterotype and homotype attractor substances. We present a novel theoretical and numerical framework for a mathematical tumor model composed of a set of coupled reaction–diffusion equations describing chemotactic and haptotactic cell behavior. In particular, our continuum model simulates tumor cell motility guided by the principle of least resistance, most permission and highest attraction. Preliminary numerical results indicate that the computational algorithm is capable of reproducing patterns similar to the experimentally observed behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAIN tumors
KW  - TRANSFORMING growth factors
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
KW  - epidermal growth factor (EGF)
KW  - epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
KW  - extracellular matrix (ECM)
KW  - hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF)
KW  - multicellular tumor spheroid (MTS)
KW  - transforming growth factor-alpha. (<f>TGFα</f>)
N1  - Accession Number: 10806610; Habib, Salman 1 Molina-París, Carmen 2,3; Email Address: carmen@maths.leeds.ac.uk Deisboeck, Thomas S. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division T-8, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK  3: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK  4: Complex Biosystems Modeling Laboratory, Harvard-MIT (HST) Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA  5: Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 327 Issue 3/4, p501; Subject Term: BRAIN tumors; Subject Term: TRANSFORMING growth factors; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: epidermal growth factor (EGF); Author-Supplied Keyword: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); Author-Supplied Keyword: extracellular matrix (ECM); Author-Supplied Keyword: hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF); Author-Supplied Keyword: multicellular tumor spheroid (MTS); Author-Supplied Keyword: transforming growth factor-alpha. (<f>TGFα</f>); Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-4371(03)00391-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - List, F.A.
AU  - Specht, E.D.
AU  - Heatherly, L.
AU  - Leonard, K.J.
AU  - Sathyamurthy, S.
AU  - Kroeger, D.M.
T1  - Crystalline phase development during vacuum conversion of thin barium fluoride precursor films on metallic substrates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 391
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 350
SN  - 09214534
AB  - In situ X-ray diffraction has been used to study the conversion of ∼3000 A˚ thick, evaporated barium fluoride precursor films to YBCO on buffered metal substrates for a range of conversion time, ramp rate, water vapor pressure, oxygen pressure, and temperature. All films were taken from the same continuously processed tape. Critical current densities as high as 1.34 MA/cm2 have been obtained for a precursor reaction rate of 2.0 A˚/s. Higher reaction rates (up to 17 A˚/s) lead to lower critical current densities and incompletely developed YBCO. The reaction rate increases with increasing <f>PH2O</f>, increasing <f>T</f>, and decreasing <f>PO2</f>. The reaction rate increases linearly with increasing <f>PH2O</f> for the range of pressures used here (0.0125–5.0 mTorr). The formation of non-epitaxial YBCO is generally associated with lower <f>T</f> and higher reaction rate, whereas the formation of barium cerate, which results from a reaction of the precursor and the CeO2-capped substrate, is generally associated with higher <f>T</f> and lower reaction rate. General trends in the formation of crystalline phases during conversion may serve as a baseline for development of higher rate conversion processing for thicker, higher performance YBCO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARIUM fluoride
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Barium fluoride process
KW  - Coated conductor
KW  - In situ X-ray diffraction
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 10570451; List, F.A.; Email Address: fal@ornl.gov Specht, E.D. 1 Heatherly, L. 1 Leonard, K.J. 1 Sathyamurthy, S. 1 Kroeger, D.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 4500S M/S 6116, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6116, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 391 Issue 4, p350; Subject Term: BARIUM fluoride; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Barium fluoride process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00965-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kiss, I.Z.
AU  - Merkin, J.H.
AU  - Neufeld, Z.
T1  - Combustion initiation and extinction in a 2D chaotic flow
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 183
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 01672789
AB  - The evolution of a flame in a reaction–advection–diffusion combustion system in the presence of chaotic stirring by an unsteady laminar fluid flow is considered. Two distinct regimes are found as the stirring rate is increased. When the reaction is slow (or fast stirring) localised temperature perturbations decay—the flame is quenched by the flow. If the reaction is fast (or slow stirring) a localised ignition leads to a stationary flame with complex filamental structure. The width of the filaments depends on the reaction and stirring rates. This problem is investigated numerically in 2D for an open flow system formed by two alternately opened point-vortex-sinks and the results are compared with previous results [Physica D 176 (1–2) (2003) 67–81] from a 1D ‘mean-strain’ model for the transverse profile of the flame filaments. The system is studied for different Lewis and Damko¨hler numbers, with a critical Damko¨hler number being found, dependent on the Lewis number, for the transition from trivial to combustion states. A comparison between time-periodic and steady flow regimes shows that chaotic motion of the fluid elements in the unsteady flow significantly enhances the combustion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REACTION-diffusion equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - Chaotic mixing
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Quenching
KW  - Stationary flame
N1  - Accession Number: 10635682; Kiss, I.Z. 1; Email Address: istvan@maths.leeds.ac.uk Merkin, J.H. 1 Neufeld, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK  2: Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 183 Issue 3/4, p175; Subject Term: REACTION-diffusion equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chaotic mixing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quenching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary flame; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2789(03)00172-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ben-Naim, E.
AU  - Krapivsky, P.L.
AU  - Redner, S.
T1  - Bifurcations and patterns in compromise processes
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 183
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
SN  - 01672789
AB  - We study an opinion dynamics model in which agents reach compromise via pairwise interactions. When the opinions of two agents are sufficiently close, they both acquire the average of their initial opinions; otherwise, they do not interact. Generically, the system reaches a steady state with a finite number of isolated, non-interacting opinion clusters (“parties”). As the initial opinion range increases, the number of such parties undergoes a periodic sequence of bifurcations. Both major and minor parties emerge, and these are organized in alternating pattern. This behavior is illuminated by considering discrete opinion states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIFURCATION theory
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - Bifurcations and patterns
KW  - Compromise process
KW  - Opinion dynamics model
N1  - Accession Number: 10635683; Ben-Naim, E. 1; Email Address: ebn@lanl.gov Krapivsky, P.L. 2; Email Address: paulk@bu.edu Redner, S. 2; Email Address: redner@bu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Center for BioDynamics, Center for Polymer Studies, and Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 183 Issue 3/4, p190; Subject Term: BIFURCATION theory; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bifurcations and patterns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compromise process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Opinion dynamics model; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2789(03)00171-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodríguez, Oscar
AU  - Fornasiero, Francesco
AU  - Arce, Alberto
AU  - Radke, Clayton J.
AU  - Prausnitz, John M.
T1  - Solubilities and diffusivities of water vapor in poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate), poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and poly(acrylonitrile)
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 44
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6323
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Sorption and diffusion data were obtained for water vapor in four different polymers: poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), poly (2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA), poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly (acrylonitrile) (PAN) at 35 °C using a gravimetric sorption method. Highest sorption was for PVP, followed by PHEMA. PMMA and PAN sorbed very little water. All the polymers exhibit a BET type III sorption isotherm; the large upturn at high activity for PVP and PHEMA is probably due to plasticization of the polymers by water vapor. Sorption data were interpreted using Flory–Huggins theory and the Zimm and Lundberg cluster integral.Fickian diffusion is observed for PHEMA. For PVP, the fractional uptake <f>Mt/M∞</f> is linear with the square root of the time up to <f>Mt/M∞=0.6−0.8</f> for all water activities <f>aw,</f> but it shows a clear water sorption overshoot at <f>aw=55.3%</f> and <f>aw=72.1%,</f> probably due to macromolecular relaxation. PMMA sorption kinetics is also characterized by a maximum in the water uptake. The diffusion coefficient increases significantly with water concentration for PVP and PHEMA, weakly for PMMA, but it is independent of concentration for PAN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - WATER vapor transport
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - Clustering
KW  - Sorption overshoot
KW  - Water vapor sorption and diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 10721082; Rodríguez, Oscar 1,2 Fornasiero, Francesco 1,2 Arce, Alberto 1,2 Radke, Clayton J. 1,2 Prausnitz, John M. 1,2; Email Address: prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1462 USA  2: Chemical Sciences and Earth Science Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 44 Issue 20, p6323; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: WATER vapor transport; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clustering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption overshoot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water vapor sorption and diffusion; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00654-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiles, D.C.
AU  - Lo, C.C.H.
T1  - The role of new materials in the development of magnetic sensors and actuators
JO  - Sensors & Actuators A: Physical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators A: Physical
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 106
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 09244247
AB  - Broadly magnetic sensors and actuators rely on only a few basic principles. These include the law of induction, for magneto-inductive devices; the Ampere force law, for magnetomechanical sensors; and changes in materials properties under the action of a magnetic field, such as magnetoresistance, magneto-optics or magnetoelasticity for sensors based on magnetoelectronics (Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Magnetic Materials, Measurements and Modeling: symposium on magnetic sensors materials and devices, Ames, Iowa, USA, May 16–17, 2002). The identification and characterization of new materials with enhanced magnetic properties is important for the development of improved sensors and actuators. In some cases the identification of new materials can open up new applications for magnetic sensors and actuators which were previously not possible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators A: Physical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - Actuators
KW  - Magnetic sensors
KW  - Magnetic-martensitic materials
N1  - Accession Number: 10504371; Jiles, D.C. Lo, C.C.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Center for Nondestructive Evaluation, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 106 Issue 1-3, p3; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actuators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic-martensitic materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0924-4247(03)00255-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fernández, A.M.
AU  - Turner, J.A.
T1  - Preparation and photocharacterization of Cu–Sb–Se films by electrodeposition technique
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 79
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Ternary semiconductor Cu–Sb–Se films were grown on 304 stainless-steel/Cr and ITO-glass using a combination of electrodeposition and chemical bath techniques. The samples were annealed in a N2 atmosphere at various temperatures and characterized by X-ray, electron probe microanalysis, current–voltage, capacitance–voltage and photocurrent spectroscopy. Photoelectrochemical studies were used to determinate the flat-band potential and the doping density of the material. These data lead to energetic considerations on the applicability of the Cu–Sb–Se electrode in the photoelectrochemical decomposition of water. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER compounds
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Copper–antimony–selenide
KW  - Electrodeposition
KW  - Ternary semiconductor
N1  - Accession Number: 10635502; Fernández, A.M. 1; Email Address: afm@cie.unam.mx Turner, J.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Materiales Solares (CIE-UNAM), Centro de Ivestigacion en Energia, Temixco, Morelos 62580, Mexico  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 79 Issue 3, p391; Subject Term: COPPER compounds; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper–antimony–selenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ternary semiconductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00474-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regunathan, Akhila
AU  - Glesne, David A.
AU  - Wilson, Allison K.
AU  - Song, Jongwoo
AU  - Nicolae, Dan
AU  - Flores, Tony
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Maryka H.
T1  - Microarray analysis of changes in bone cell gene expression early after cadmium gavage in mice
JO  - Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology
JF  - Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology
Y1  - 2003/09/15/
VL  - 191
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
SN  - 0041008X
AB  - We developed an in vivo model for cadmium-induced bone loss in which mice excrete bone mineral in feces beginning 8 h after cadmium gavage. Female mice of three strains [CF1, MTN (metallothionein-wild-type), and MT1,2KO (MT1,2-deficient)] were placed on a low-calcium diet for 2 weeks. Each mouse was gavaged with 200 μg Cd or vehicle only. Fecal calcium was monitored daily for 9 days, beginning 4 days before cadmium gavage, to document the bone response. For CF1 mice, bones were taken from four groups: +/− Cd, 2 h after Cd and +/− Cd, 4 h after Cd. MTN and MT1,2KO strains had two groups each: +/−Cd, 4 h after Cd. PolyA+ RNA preparations from marrow-free shafts of femura and tibiae of each +/− Cd pair were submitted to Incyte Genomics for microarray analysis. Fecal Ca results showed that bone calcium excreted after cadmium differed for the three mouse strains: CF1, 0.24 ± 0.08 mg; MTN, 0.92 ± 0.22 mg; and MT1,2KO, 1.7 ± 0.4 mg. Gene array results showed that nearly all arrayed genes were unaffected by cadmium. However, MT1 and MT2 had Cd+/Cd− expression ratios >1 in all four groups, while all ratios for MT3 were essentially 1, showing specificity. Both probes for MAPK 14 (p38 MAPK) had expression ratios >1, while no other MAPK responded to cadmium. Vacuolar proton pump ATPase and integrin alpha v (osteoclast genes), transferrin receptor, and src-like adaptor protein genes were stimulated by Cd; other src-related genes were unaffected. Genes for bone formation, stress response, growth factors, and signaling molecules showed little or no response to cadmium. Results support the hypothesis that Cd stimulates bone demineralization via a p38 MAPK pathway involving osteoclast activation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Bones
KW  - Osteoclasts
KW  - Transferrin
KW  - Bone
KW  - Gene expression microarray
KW  - Mouse
KW  - Northern analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10804745; Regunathan, Akhila 1; Glesne, David A. 1; Wilson, Allison K. 2; Song, Jongwoo 3; Nicolae, Dan 3; Flores, Tony 1; Bhattacharyya, Maryka H. 1; Email Address: mhbhatt@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4833, USA; 2: Biological Sciences Department, Benedictine University, Lisle, IL 60523, USA; 3: Statistics Department, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 191 Issue 3, p272; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium; Subject Term: Bones; Subject Term: Osteoclasts; Subject Term: Transferrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene expression microarray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mouse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Northern analysis; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00163-7
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rykaczewski, K.P.
AU  - Grzywacz, R.
AU  - Batchelder, J.C.
AU  - Bingham, C.R.
AU  - Fong, D.
AU  - Ginter, T.N.
AU  - Gross, C.J.
AU  - Hamilton, J.H.
AU  - Hartley, D.J.
AU  - HWang, J.K.
AU  - Janas, Z.
AU  - Karny, M.
AU  - Króas, W.
AU  - Kulp, W.D.
AU  - Larochelle, Y.
AU  - Lewis, T.A.
AU  - Maier, K.H.
AU  - McConnell, J.W.
AU  - Piechaczek, A.
T1  - Fine structure in one-proton emission studied at Oak Ridge.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 681
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Two observations of fine structure in proton emission are reported : 3-μs 145Tm and 4-ms 141Ho. These experiments were performed using the Recoil Mass Separator (RMS) at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility at Oak Ridge. The signals from the RMS detectors were digitally processed using Digital Gamma Finder modules. The fine structure branching ratios, 9.6±1.5% and 0.70±0.15%, and measured energies of the 2+ excited levels in daughter nuclei, 330 and 202 keV, respectively, helped us to determine the deformations and wave functions of proton-emitting states. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - SEPARATORS (Machines)
KW  - NUCLEAR shapes
KW  - WAVE functions
N1  - Accession Number: 10965144; Rykaczewski, K.P. 1 Grzywacz, R. 1,2 Batchelder, J.C. 3 Bingham, C.R. 1,4 Fong, D. 4 Ginter, T.N. 1,4,5 Gross, C.J. 1 Hamilton, J.H. 4 Hartley, D.J. 4 HWang, J.K. 4 Janas, Z. 2,6 Karny, M. 2,6 Króas, W. 4,6,7 Kulp, W.D. 8 Larochelle, Y. 4 Lewis, T.A. 1 Maier, K.H. 1,6 McConnell, J.W. 1 Piechaczek, A. 9; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, Poland  3: UNIRIB Oak Ridge Associated Universities, USA  4: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, USA  5: NSCL, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA  6: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, USA  7: H. Niewodnicznński Institute of Nuclear Physics, Poland  8: Dept. of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA  9: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 681 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: SEPARATORS (Machines); Subject Term: NUCLEAR shapes; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615152
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davids, Cary N.
AU  - Esbensen, Henning
T1  - Fine Structure and Triaxial Deformation in Proton Radioactivity.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 681
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report on theoretical calculations in proton radioactivity that have been carried out over the past 2 years at Argonne National Laboratory. This includes calculations of decay rates for near-spherical proton emitters based on particle-vibration coupling [1], fine structure in the proton decay of 141Ho [2], and recent work on the effect of triaxiality on the decay rate of a deformed proton emitter. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - SPIN-spin interactions
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10965140; Davids, Cary N. 1 Esbensen, Henning 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 681 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: SPIN-spin interactions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615156
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rikovska Stone, J.
AU  - Schofield, K.
AU  - Stevenson, P.D.
AU  - Strayer, M.R.
AU  - Walters, W.B.
T1  - N=Z and proton-rich nuclei in the Hartree-Fock mean field model with a separable nucleon-nucleon interaction.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 681
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new model for the effective two-body nucleon-nucleon interaction has been recently successful in calculation of ground state properties of spherical, doubly closed shell nuclei from 16O to 208Pb [1] and nuclear matter and neutron star properties [2]. The application of the density dependent finite range separable monopole (SMO) interaction has been now extended to axially symmetrical deformed nuclei [3]. In the present paper we report on HF+BCS calculation of ground-state properties of even-even spherical and deformed N = Z and proton-rich nuclei between the N = Z and the proton-drip line for 28≤Z≤50. The SMO results shown include total energy surfaces and deduced shapes, single-particle energies, two-dimensional distribution of nucleon densities, charge radii and two-proton separation energies. A comparison is made with results obtained using the SkO Skyrme interaction and some other theoretical models as well as with experimental data, where available. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HARTREE-Fock approximation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 10965134; Rikovska Stone, J. 1,2 Schofield, K. 1 Stevenson, P.D. 1,3 Strayer, M.R. 4 Walters, W.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Oxford University, UK  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, UK  4: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 681 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: HARTREE-Fock approximation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615162
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batchelder, J.C.
AU  - Toth, K.S.
AU  - Rowe, M.W.
AU  - Ginter, T.N.
AU  - Gregorich, K.E.
AU  - Ninov, V.E.
AU  - Guo, F.Q.
AU  - Powell, J.
AU  - Xu, X.-J.
AU  - Cerny, Joseph
T1  - Evidence for the Identification of 178Pb.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 681
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - With the use of the Berkeley Gas-filled Separator, the α decay of 178Pb was identified in 78Kr irradiations of 102Pd. Following their separation from the incident beam particles, reaction products were implanted in a position-sensitive silicon detector. Two events with Eα of 7602 and 7629 keV were observed and assigned to 178Pb because they were position-correlated with known descendants in the 174Hg α-decay chain. The half-life of 178Pb was calculated with the maximum likelihood method to be 122[sub -50][sup +290] μs. A mass excess of 3608(39) keV and a proton separation energy of 362(48) keV were deduced for 178Pb based on the known masses of 174Hg and 177Tl. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAD
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - ALPHA decay
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10965128; Batchelder, J.C. 1 Toth, K.S. 2 Rowe, M.W. 3 Ginter, T.N. 3 Gregorich, K.E. 3 Ninov, V.E. 3 Guo, F.Q. 4 Powell, J. 3 Xu, X.-J. 3,5 Cerny, Joseph 3,4; Affiliation:  1: UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  3: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of California, CA  5: Institute of Modern Physics, China; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 681 Issue 1, p144; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: ALPHA decay; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615168
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
T1  - Rotational Bands in Rare-Earth Proton Emitters and Neighboring Nuclei.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 681
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The anomalous proton-decay rates in 131Eu and 141Ho have been explained by the presence of large quadrupole deformation. Consistent with this hypothesis was the discovery of the decay branch in 131Eu to the 2+ state in the daughter nucleus. Direct evidence that 141Ho and 131Eu are deformed came from the observation of rotational bands. From the dynamic moment of inertia the deformation of β2=0.25(4) was deduced for the 141Ho ground state. The large signature splitting in the ground-state band in 141Ho indicates that Coriolis mixing plays an important role in this nucleus. The comparison between the Particle-Rotor Model and the data indicates that 141Ho has significant hexadecapole deformation and/or might be triaxial. The comparison between theory and experiment constrains other parameters used in the proton decay rate calculations from deformed nuclei such as the Coriolis interaction and pairing strength. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DELAYED protons
KW  - EUROPIUM
KW  - HOLMIUM
KW  - QUADRUPOLE moments
KW  - NUCLEAR shapes
N1  - Accession Number: 10965126; Seweryniak, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 681 Issue 1, p161; Subject Term: DELAYED protons; Subject Term: EUROPIUM; Subject Term: HOLMIUM; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLE moments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shapes; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615170
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, C.-H.
AU  - Batchelder, J.C.
AU  - Bingham, C.R.
AU  - Gross, C.J.
AU  - Grzywacz, R.
AU  - Rykaczewski, K.
T1  - Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Beyond the Proton-Drip Line.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 681
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A series of experiments were performed to establish excited states in proton emitters 151Lu, 109I and 113Cs. These experiments used (HI, p2n) reactions to populate the proton emitters and employed the recoil decay tagging technique to identify gamma rays in the corresponding proton-unbound nucleus. Gamma-decay sequences were established in these nuclei and their configurations were tentatively assigned based on systematic trends. This paper reviews the three experimental studies and discusses the data in comparison with those of their neighboring nuclei. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - GAMMA rays
N1  - Accession Number: 10965125; Yu, C.-H. 1 Batchelder, J.C. 2 Bingham, C.R. 3 Gross, C.J. 4 Grzywacz, R. 4 Rykaczewski, K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S.A.  2: Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, U.S.A.  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Tn  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 681 Issue 1, p172; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615171
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Królas, W.
AU  - Grzywacz, R.
AU  - Rykaczewski, K.P.
AU  - Batchelder, J.C.
AU  - Bingham, C.R.
AU  - Gross, C.J.
AU  - Fong, D.
AU  - Hamilton, J.H.
AU  - Hartley, D.J.
AU  - Hwang, J.K.
AU  - Larochelle, Y.
AU  - Lewis, T.A.
AU  - Maier, K.H.
AU  - McConnell, J.W.
AU  - Piechaczek, A.
AU  - Ramayya, A.V.
AU  - Rykaczewski, K.
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Tantawy, M.N.
T1  - First Observation of Excited States in 140Dy.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 681
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The mass A = 140 products of the 54Fe (315 MeV) + 92Mo reaction were selected by a recoil mass spectrometer and studied in a recoil - delayed γ-γ coincidence experiment. A new 7 μs isomer was identified in the drip line nucleus 140Dy. Five cascading γ transitions were assigned to the decay of the Iπ = 8- {v9/2-[514] x v7/2+[404]} K isomer via the ground state band transitions. The established structure of 140Dy is discussed with reference to the fine structure in proton decay of 141Ho. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
KW  - DYSPROSIUM
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
N1  - Accession Number: 10965124; Królas, W. 1,2,3 Grzywacz, R. 4,5 Rykaczewski, K.P. 4,5 Batchelder, J.C. 6 Bingham, C.R. 4,7 Gross, C.J. 4,8 Fong, D. 2 Hamilton, J.H. 2 Hartley, D.J. 7 Hwang, J.K. 2 Larochelle, Y. 7 Lewis, T.A. 4 Maier, K.H. 1,4 McConnell, J.W. 1 Piechaczek, A. 9 Ramayya, A.V. 2 Rykaczewski, K. 10 Shapira, D. 4 Tantawy, M.N. 7; Affiliation:  1: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, USA  2: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, USA  3: H. Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Poland  4: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  5: Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw Universities, USA  6: UNIRIB Oak Ridge Associated Universities, USA  7: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, USA  8: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, USA  9: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, USA  10: Oak Ridge High School, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 681 Issue 1, p183; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Subject Term: DYSPROSIUM; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615172
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cullen, D.M.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Davids, C.N.
AU  - Fletcher, A.M.
AU  - Freeman, S.J.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Kondev, F.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - Pattison, L.K.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Smith, J.F.
AU  - Bruce, A.
AU  - Abu Saleem, K.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Khoo, T.L.
AU  - Moore, E.F.
AU  - Mukherjee, G.
AU  - Wheldon, C.
T1  - Identification of excited states in 140Dy.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 681
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Excited structures in the proton-rich nucleus 140Dy were established following the decay of a 7.3±1.5 μs, Kπ = 8- isomer. The isomer decays into the yrast line at the 8+ state, revealing a rotational band with a deduced deformation of β2 = 0.24(3). The isotope 140Dy is the daughter of the deformed proton emitter 141Ho. The new information obtained here supports the role of deformation in proton emission and the previous assignments of single-particle configurations to the two proton emitting states in 141Ho. In addition, the reduced hindrance factor measured for the isomer is consistent with the trend observed in the N = 74 isotones and shows no deviation which could be attributed to the proximity of 140Dy to the proton drip line. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
KW  - COMPOUND nucleus
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - DYSPROSIUM
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 10965123; Cullen, D.M. 1 Carpenter, M.P. Davids, C.N. 2 Fletcher, A.M. Freeman, S.J. 1 Janssens, R.V.F. 2 Kondev, F. 3 Lister, C.J. 2 Pattison, L.K. 1 Seweryniak, D. 2 Smith, J.F. 1 Bruce, A. 4 Abu Saleem, K. 2,5 Ahmad, I. Heinz, A. Khoo, T.L. Moore, E.F. 2 Mukherjee, G. 2,6 Wheldon, C. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, UK  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  3: Technology Development Division, Argone National Laboratory, USA  4: School of Engineering, University of Brighton, UK  5: Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA  6: Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, USA  7: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, UK; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 681 Issue 1, p187; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Subject Term: COMPOUND nucleus; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: DYSPROSIUM; Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615173
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heller, William T.
AU  - Krueger, Joanna K.
AU  - Trewhella, Jill
T1  - Further Insights into Calmodulin-Myosin Light Chain Kinase Interaction from Solution Scattering and Shape Restoration.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 42
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 10579
EP  - 10588
SN  - 00062960
AB  - We have gained new insight into the interactions between the second-messenger protein calmodulin (CaM) and myosin light chain kinase from skeletal muscle (skMLCK) using small-angle solution scattering and shape restoration. Specifically, we explored the nature of a 2Ca[sup 2+]-CaM-skMLCK complex and compared it to a 4Ca[sup 2+]-CaM-skMLCK complex under the same conditions. The 2Ca[sup 2+] complex has been proposed to be physiologically relevant. To aid in the interpretation of the data, we developed a shape restoration approach, implemented in GA_STRUCT, that combines many of the best features of other available methods into a single, automated package. Importantly, GA_STRUCT explicitly addresses the problem of the existence of multiple solutions to the inverse scattering problem and produces a consensus envelope from a set of shapes that fit the input intensity. Small-angle scattering intensity profiles measured or calculated from known structures were used to test GA_STRUCT, which was then used to generate low-resolution models for three complexes: 2Ca[sup 2+]-CaM-skMLCK, 4Ca[sup 2+]-CaM-skMLCK, and 4Ca[sup 2+]CaM-skMLCK with a bound substrate. These models were used in conjunction with high-resolution structures of the protein components to better understand the interactions among them. In the case of the 2Ca[sup 2+]-CaM-skMLCK complex, the consensus envelope is consistent with CaM in a fully collapsed state with its two globular lobes in close contact with each other while the catalytic cleft of the kinase is open. The consensus envelope for the 4Ca[sup 2+]-CaM-skMLCK complex indicates that the collapsed CaM has swung further away from the open catalytic cleft of the skMLCK than in the 2Ca[sup 2+] complex, and further that substrate binding to this complex results in closure of the kinase catalytic cleft, in agreement with previous-neutron scattering results. These results indicate that activation of MLCK by CaM can only occur once CaM is fully translocated away from the catalytic cleft, which is presumably linked to full release of the pseudo-substrate/inhibitory sequence. Our scattering data indicate that this step is completed only when all four calcium binding sites are loaded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SECOND messengers (Biochemistry)
KW  - MUSCULOSKELETAL system
KW  - CALMODULIN
KW  - MYOSIN
N1  - Accession Number: 10960809; Heller, William T. 1,2 Krueger, Joanna K. 3 Trewhella, Jill 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division and Center for Structural Molecular Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN  3: Chemistry Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Source Info: 9/16/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 36, p10579; Subject Term: SECOND messengers (Biochemistry); Subject Term: MUSCULOSKELETAL system; Subject Term: CALMODULIN; Subject Term: MYOSIN; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinhui Li
AU  - Bigelow, Diana J.
AU  - Squier, Thomas C.
T1  - Phosphorylation by cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Modulates the Structural Coupling between the Transmembrane and Cytosolic Domains of Phospholamban.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 42
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 10674
EP  - 10682
SN  - 00062960
AB  - We have used frequency-domain fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the structural linkage between the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of the regulatory protein phospholamban (PLB). Using an engineered PLB having a single cysteine (Cys[sup 24]) derivatized with the fluorophore N-(1-pyrenyl)maleimide (PMal), we have used fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to measure the average spatial separation and conformational heterogeneity between PMal bound to Cys[sup 24] in the transmembrane domain and Tyr[sup 6] in the cytosolic domain near the amino terminus of PLB. In these measurements, PMal serves as a FRET donor, and Tyr[sup 6] serves as a FRET acceptor following its nitration by tetranitromethane. The native structure of PLB is retained following site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification, as indicated by the ability of the derivatized PLB to fully regulate the Ca-ATPase following their co-reconstitution. To assess how phosphorylation modulates the stricture of PLB itself, FRET measurements were made following reconstitution of PLB in membrane vesicles made from extracted sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane lipids. We find that the cytosolic domain of PLB assumes a wide range of conformations relative to the transmembrane sequence, consistent with other structural data indicating the presence of a flexible hinge region between the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of PLB Phosphorylation of Ser[sup 16] by PKA results in a 3 Å decrease in the spatial separation between PMal at Cys[sup 24] and nitroTyr[sup 6] and an almost 2-fold decrease in conformational heterogeneity, suggesting a stabilization of the hinge region of PLB possibly through an electrostatic linkage between phosphoSer[sup 16] and Arg[sup 13] that promotes a coil-to-helix transition. This structural transition has the potential to function as a conformational switch, since inhibition of the Ca-ATPase requires disruption of the secondary structure of PLB in the vicinity of the hinge element to permit association with the nucleotide binding domain at a site located approximately 50 Å above the membrane surface. Following phosphorylation, the stabilization of the helical content in the hinge domain will disrupt this inhibitory interaction by reducing the maximal dimension of the cytosolic domain of PLB. Thus. stabilization of the structure of PLB following phosphorylation of Ser[sup 16] is part of a switching mechanism, which functions to alter binding interactions between PLB and the nucleotide binding domain of the Ca-ATPase that modulates enzyme inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
N1  - Accession Number: 10960820; Jinhui Li 1 Bigelow, Diana J. 1 Squier, Thomas C. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University  2: Cell Biology Group, Biological Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington; Source Info: 9/16/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 36, p10674; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pautot, Sophie
AU  - Frisken, Barbara J.
AU  - Weitz, D.A.
T1  - Engineering asymmetric vesicles.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 100
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10718
EP  - 10721
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Demonstrates the construction of asymmetric vesicles using two phospholipids with the same aliphatic chains but different hydrophylic headgroups.  Preparation of asymmetric bilayers; Measurement of the distribution of the tagged inner and outer monolayer lipids using fluorescence quenching assay; Level of asymmetry and stability achieved.
KW  - COATED vesicles
KW  - BIOMEDICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 11051626; Pautot, Sophie 1,2 Frisken, Barbara J. 3 Weitz, D.A. 1; Email Address: weitz@deas.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Berkeley, CA  3: Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Canada; Source Info: 9/16/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 19, p10718; Subject Term: COATED vesicles; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL engineering; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Catherine C.
AU  - Henshall-Powell, Rhonda L.
AU  - Erickson, Anna C.
AU  - Talhouk, Rabih
AU  - Parvin, Bahram
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
AU  - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
T1  - Ionizing radiation induces heritable disruption of epithelial cell interactions.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 100
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10728
EP  - 10733
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Examines the impact of ionizing radiation on epithelial cell interactions.  Cell culture, immunofluorescence of cryosections, protein extraction and immunoblotting; Comparative genomic hybridization; Progeny of irradiated cells exhibit perturbed cell-extracellular matrix and cell-cell adhesion.
KW  - CELL interaction (Biology)
KW  - CELLULAR control mechanisms
KW  - IONIZING radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 11051628; Park, Catherine C. 1,2 Henshall-Powell, Rhonda L. 1 Erickson, Anna C. 1 Talhouk, Rabih 3 Parvin, Bahram 4 Bissell, Mina J. 1 Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen 1; Email Address: mhbarcellos-hoff@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  2: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California  3: Department of Biology, American University of Beirut  4: Computing Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/16/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 19, p10728; Subject Term: CELL interaction (Biology); Subject Term: CELLULAR control mechanisms; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 16 Color Photographs, 4 Black and White Photographs, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krauss, Sharon Wald
AU  - Chen, Cynthia
AU  - Penman, Sheldon
AU  - Heald, Rebecca
T1  - Nuclear actin and protein 4.1: Essential interactions during nuclear assembly in vitro.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/09/16/
VL  - 100
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10752
EP  - 10757
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Examines the colocalization of the protein 4:1 and actin in the nuclei of the cultured mammalian cells by fluorescence microscopy.  Preparation of cytoplasmic xenopus egg extracts; Acquisition of nuclear actin relative to nuclearm pores, lamin and DNA synthesis; Importance of actin in nuclear assembly.
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CYTOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11051632; Krauss, Sharon Wald 1; Email Address: sakrauss@lbl.gov Chen, Cynthia 1 Penman, Sheldon 2 Heald, Rebecca 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Subcellular Structure, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California  2: Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology  3: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California; Source Info: 9/16/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 19, p10752; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CYTOLOGY; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 100 Color Photographs, 11 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coons, J.E.
AU  - Halley, P.J.
AU  - McGlashan, S.A.
AU  - Tran-Cong, T.
T1  - A review of drainage and spontaneous rupture in free standing thin films with tangentially immobile interfaces
JO  - Advances in Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Advances in Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2003/09/18/
VL  - 105
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 00018686
AB  - A review of spontaneous rupture in thin films with tangentially immobile interfaces is presented that emphasizes the theoretical developments of film drainage and corrugation growth through the linearization of lubrication theory in a cylindrical geometry. Spontaneous rupture occurs when corrugations from adjacent interfaces become unstable and grow to a critical thickness. A corrugated interface is composed of a number of waveforms and each waveform becomes unstable at a unique transition thickness. The onset of instability occurs at the maximum transition thickness, and it is shown that only upper and lower bounds of this thickness can be predicted from linear stability analysis. The upper bound is equivalent to the Frenkel criterion and is obtained from the zeroth order approximation of the H3 term in the evolution equation. This criterion is determined solely by the film radius, interfacial tension and Hamaker constant. The lower bound is obtained from the first order approximation of the H3 term in the evolution equation and is dependent on the film thinning velocity. A semi-empirical equation, referred to as the MTR equation, is obtained by combining the drainage theory of Manev et al. [J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 18 (1997) 769] and the experimental measurements of [Radoev et al. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 95 (1983) 254] and is shown to provide accurate predictions of film thinning velocity near the critical thickness of rupture. The MTR equation permits the prediction of the lower bound of the maximum transition thickness based entirely on film radius, Plateau border radius, interfacial tension, temperature and Hamaker constant. The MTR equation extrapolates to Reynolds equation under conditions when the Plateau border pressure is small, which provides a lower bound for the maximum transition thickness that is equivalent to the criterion of Gumerman and Homsy [Chem. Eng. Commun. 2 (1975) 27]. The relative accuracy of either bound is thought to be dependent on the amplitude of the hydrodynamic corrugations, and a semi-empirical correlation is also obtained that permits the amplitude to be calculated as a function of the upper and lower bound of the maximum transition thickness. The relationship between the evolving theoretical developments is demonstrated by three film thickness master curves, which reduce to simple analytical expressions under limiting conditions when the drainage pressure drop is controlled by either the Plateau border capillary pressure or the van der Waals disjoining pressure. The master curves simplify solution of the various theoretical predictions enormously over the entire range of the linear approximation. Finally, it is shown that when the Frenkel criterion is used to assess film stability, recent studies reach conclusions that are contrary to the relevance of spontaneous rupture as a cell-opening mechanism in foams. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Cell opening mechanisms
KW  - Critical thickness
KW  - Draining thin films
KW  - Maximum transition thickness
KW  - Spontaneous rupture
KW  - Thin film stability
N1  - Accession Number: 10742548; Coons, J.E. 1; Email Address: jimc@lanl.gov Halley, P.J. 2 McGlashan, S.A. 2 Tran-Cong, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Mail Stop C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia  3: Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 105 Issue 1-3, p3; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell opening mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical thickness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Draining thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maximum transition thickness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spontaneous rupture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film stability; Number of Pages: 60p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0001-8686(03)00003-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, J.A.
AU  - Ivison, R.J.
AU  - Dunlop, J.S.
AU  - Smail, Ian R.
AU  - Percival, W.J.
AU  - Hughes, D.H.
AU  - Röttgering, H.J.A.
AU  - van Breugel, W.J.M.
AU  - Reuland, M.
T1  - The formation of cluster elliptical galaxies as revealed by extensive star formation.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/09/18/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6955
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The most massive galaxies in the present-day Universe are found to lie in the centres of rich clusters. They have old, coeval stellar populations suggesting that the bulk of their stars must have formed at early epochs in spectacular starbursts, which should be luminous phenomena when observed at submillimetre wavelengths. The most popular model of galaxy formation predicts that these galaxies form in proto-clusters at high-density peaks in the early Universe. Such peaks are indicated by massive high-redshift radio galaxies. Here we report deep submillimetre mapping of seven high-redshift radio galaxies and their environments. These data confirm not only the presence of spatially extended regions of massive star-formation activity in the radio galaxies themselves, but also in companion objects previously undetected at any wavelength. The prevalence, orientation, and inferred masses of these submillimetre companion galaxies suggest that we are witnessing the synchronous formation of the most luminous elliptical galaxies found today at the centres of rich clusters of galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPTICAL galaxies
KW  - STARS -- Formation
KW  - BLACK holes (Astronomy)
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 10857685; Stevens, J.A. 1 Ivison, R.J. 1 Dunlop, J.S. 2 Smail, Ian R. 3 Percival, W.J. 2 Hughes, D.H. 4 Röttgering, H.J.A. 5 van Breugel, W.J.M. 6 Reuland, M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory  2: Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UK  3: Institute for Computational Cosmology, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK  4: Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica, Apartado Postal 51 y 216, 72000 Puebla, Mexico  5: Leiden Observatory, PO Box 9513, 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands  6: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94459, USA; Source Info: 9/18/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6955, p264; Subject Term: ELLIPTICAL galaxies; Subject Term: STARS -- Formation; Subject Term: BLACK holes (Astronomy); Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature01976
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zachos, Cosmas
T1  - Membranes and consistent quantization of Nambu dynamics
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/09/18/
VL  - 570
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The dynamics of even topological open membranes relies on Nambu brackets. Consequently, such <f>2p</f>-branes can be quantized through the consistent quantization of the underlying Nambu dynamical structures. This is a summary construction relying on the methods detailed in Refs. [New J. Phys. 4 (2002) 83.1; Phys. Rev. D 68 (2003)]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOMETRIC quantization
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10695398; Zachos, Cosmas 1; Email Address: zachos@hep.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 570 Issue 1/2, p82; Subject Term: GEOMETRIC quantization; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.07.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giraldo, F.X.
AU  - Perot, J.B.
AU  - Fischer, P.F.
T1  - A spectral element semi-Lagrangian (SESL) method for the spherical shallow water equations
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/20/
VL  - 190
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 623
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A spectral element semi-Lagrangian (SESL) method for the shallow water equations on the sphere is presented. The sphere is discretized using a hexahedral grid although any grid imaginable can be used as long as it is comprised of quadrilaterals. The equations are written in Cartesian coordinates to eliminate the pole singularity which plagues the equations in spherical coordinates. In a previous paper [Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 35 (2001) 869] we showed how to construct an explicit Eulerian spectral element (SE) model on the sphere; we now extend this work to a semi-Lagrangian formulation. The novelty of the Lagrangian formulation presented is that the high order SE basis functions are used as the interpolation functions for evaluating the values at the Lagrangian departure points. This makes the method not only high order accurate but quite general and thus applicable to unstructured grids and portable to distributed memory computers. The equations are discretized fully implicitly in time in order to avoid having to interpolate derivatives at departure points. By incorporating the Coriolis terms into the Lagrangian derivative, the block LU decomposition of the equations results in a symmetric positive-definite pseudo-Helmholtz operator which we solve using the generalized minimum residual method (GMRES) with a fast projection method [Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 163 (1998) 193]. Results for eight test cases are presented to confirm the accuracy and stability of the method. These results show that SESL yields the same accuracy as an Eulerian spectral element semi-implicit (SESI) while allowing for time-steps 10 times as large and being up to 70% more efficient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - SPHERES
KW  - QUADRILATERALS
KW  - Cubic gnomonic
KW  - Flux-corrected transport
KW  - Hexahedral grid
KW  - Semi-implicit
KW  - Semi-Lagrangian
KW  - Shallow water equations
KW  - Spectral element method
KW  - Spherical geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 10741050; Giraldo, F.X. 1; Email Address: giraldo@nrlmry.navy.mil Perot, J.B. 2 Fischer, P.F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA 93943, USA  2: University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 190 Issue 2, p623; Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: SPHERES; Subject Term: QUADRILATERALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cubic gnomonic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flux-corrected transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hexahedral grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-implicit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-Lagrangian; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shallow water equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical geometry; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00300-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bender, Guido
AU  - Wilson, Mahlon S.
AU  - Zawodzinski, Thomas A.
T1  - Further refinements in the segmented cell approach to diagnosing performance in polymer electrolyte fuel cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/09/20/
VL  - 123
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Described is the most recent configuration of a segmented cell used to measure current distribution across the surface of an electrode in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). In this fourth generation cell design, measurement and data collection capabilities have been modified to significantly improve ease of use and quality of information obtained. The current configuration allows examination of spatial resolution of the cell current and cell voltage with respect to well-defined baseline reference measurements, as well as measurement of the high frequency resistance (HFR) distribution and spatial ac impedance spectroscopy. This specially designed cell is intended for use in studies on time and location resolved carbon monoxide poisoning, humidification and flow-field design effects on fuel cell performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Current distribution
KW  - Design
KW  - Impedance
KW  - PEFC
KW  - PEMFC
KW  - Segmented cell
N1  - Accession Number: 10426512; Bender, Guido; Email Address: guido@lanl.gov Wilson, Mahlon S. 1 Zawodzinski, Thomas A.; Affiliation:  1: Electronic and Electrochemical Materials and Devices Group, MST-11, MS D429, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 123 Issue 2, p163; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEMFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segmented cell; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00533-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chan, Tzu-Liang
AU  - Wang, Cai-Zhuang
AU  - Lu, Zhong-Yi
AU  - Ho, K.-M.
T1  - Mixed PbSi dimer chains on Si(1 0 0): a first-principles study
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/09/20/
VL  - 542
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - L649
SN  - 00396028
AB  - It has been a common belief that the one-dimensional structures observed by STM at low coverage of Pb on Si(1 0 0) are buckled Pb–Pb dimer chains. However, using first-principles density functional calculations, we found that it is energetically favorable for Pb adatoms to intermix with Si atoms to form mixed dimer chains on Si(1 0 0), instead of Pb–Pb dimer chains as assumed in previous studies. Up to a Pb coverage of 0.125 ML, mixed PbSi dimer chain is 0.19 eV per Pb atom lower in energy than Pb dimer chain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - LEAD compounds
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - and topography
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Lead
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Self-assembly
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface energy
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10743810; Chan, Tzu-Liang 1; Email Address: phyliang@iastate.edu Wang, Cai-Zhuang; Email Address: wangcz@ameslab.gov Lu, Zhong-Yi Ho, K.-M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory––USDOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 542 Issue 3, pL649; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: LEAD compounds; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: ATOMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00993-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kisielius, R.
AU  - Hibbert, A.
AU  - Ferland, G.F.
AU  - Foord, M.E.
AU  - Rose, S.J.
AU  - van Hoof, P.A.M.
AU  - Keenan, F.P.
T1  - Inner-shell photoexcitation of Fe xv and Fe xvi.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 344
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 696
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - Reports on the use of the configuration-interaction method to determine inner-shell photoexcitation of transitions.  Interpretation of high-resolution x-ray spectroscopic observations; Assessment of the accuracy of the derived atomic data; Determination of the wave functions of the ions.
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - atomic data
KW  - line: formation
KW  - X-rays: general
N1  - Accession Number: 10791978; Kisielius, R. 1; Email Address: R.Kisielius@qub.ac.uk Hibbert, A. 2 Ferland, G.F. 3 Foord, M.E. 4 Rose, S.J. 5 van Hoof, P.A.M. 1 Keenan, F.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Queen's University of Belfast  2: Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Queen's University of Belfast  3: Department of Physics, University of Kentucky, Lexington  4: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  5: Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory; Source Info: 9/21/2003, Vol. 344 Issue 3, p696; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: atomic data; Author-Supplied Keyword: line: formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-rays: general; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06801.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10791978&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kajfasz, E.
T1  - The D0 silicon microstrip tracker for Run IIa
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe the production, installation, commissioning and operations of the new 792,576 channel D0 Silicon Microstrip Tracker to be used for the <f>2 fb−1</f> of the Run IIa at the Tevatron. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Microstrip tracker
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Tevatron
N1  - Accession Number: 10635574; Kajfasz, E. 1,2; Email Address: kajfasz@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: CPPM—Case 907, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France  2: Fermilab, Mail Stop 310, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 511 Issue 1/2, p16; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstrip tracker; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tevatron; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01741-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10635574&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwan, S.
T1  - The BTeV silicon pixel and microstrip detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The status of the BTeV pixel vertex detector and the forward silicon microstrip tracker are presented, with some highlights on the recent achievements in our R&D effort. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VERTEX detectors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - STRIP transmission lines
KW  - BTeV
KW  - Pixel
KW  - Silicon microstrip detector
N1  - Accession Number: 10635580; Kwan, S. 1; Email Address: swalk@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Experimental Physics Projects, M. S. 122, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 511 Issue 1/2, p48; Subject Term: VERTEX detectors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: STRIP transmission lines; Author-Supplied Keyword: BTeV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon microstrip detector; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01749-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10635580&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanagaki, K.
T1  - Layer 0 in D0 silicon tracker for Run2b
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report on the status of R&D of the innermost layer of the D0 Silicon Tracker for Run2b. Because of space constraints, the cooling issues, and the amount of material, the analog signal from the sensor must be transmitted to the readout chip. This scheme is a potential noise source due to the extra capacitive load and possible RF pickup. We focus on the noise studies to address these issues. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - Flex printed circuit cable
KW  - Silicon tracker
N1  - Accession Number: 10635594; Hanagaki, K. 1; Email Address: kazu@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, MS 357, P.O.Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 511 Issue 1/2, p121; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flex printed circuit cable; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon tracker; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01776-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10635594&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steinbrück, Georg
T1  - The D<f>Ø</f> Silicon Track Trigger
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We describe a trigger preprocessor to be used by the D<f>Ø</f> experiment for selecting events with tracks from the decay of long-lived particles. This Level 2 impact parameter trigger utilizes information from the Silicon Microstrip Tracker to reconstruct tracks with improved spatial and momentum resolutions compared to those obtained by the Level 1 tracking trigger. It is constructed of VME boards with much of the logic existing in programmable processors. A common motherboard provides the I/O infrastructure and three different daughter boards perform the tasks of identifying the roads from the tracking trigger data, finding the clusters in the roads in the silicon detector, and fitting tracks to the clusters. This approach provides flexibility for the design, testing and maintenance phases of the project. The track parameters are provided to the trigger framework in <f>25 μs</f>. The effective impact parameter resolution for high-momentum tracks is <f>35 μm</f>, dominated by the size of the Tevatron beam. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - Displaced vertices
KW  - Impact parameter trigger
KW  - Silicon detectors
KW  - Trigger systems
KW  - Vertex detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 10635598; Steinbrück, Georg 1,2; Email Address: steinbru@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Fermilab, Mail Stop 352, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 511 Issue 1/2, p145; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Displaced vertices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact parameter trigger; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertex detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01780-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10635598&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Michael H.L.S.
T1  - The BTeV trigger architecture
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 01689002
AB  - BTeV is a high-statistics B-physics experiment that will achieve new levels of sensitivity in testing the Standard Model explanation of CP violation, mixing, and rare decays in the b and c quark systems by operating in the unique environment of a hadron collider. In order to achieve its goals, it will make use of a state-of-the-art Si-pixel vertex detector and a novel three-level hierarchical trigger that will look at every single beam crossing to detect the presence of heavy quark decays. This talk will describe the trigger architecture focusing on key design aspects that allow the use of commercially available technology in a highly feasible and practical solution that meets the demanding physics requirements of the BTeV experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - VERTEX detectors
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - BTeV
KW  - DAQ
KW  - Trigger
KW  - Vertex
N1  - Accession Number: 10635603; Wang, Michael H.L.S. 1; Email Address: mwang@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Mail stop 122, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 511 Issue 1/2, p161; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: VERTEX detectors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: BTeV; Author-Supplied Keyword: DAQ; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertex; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01784-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10635603&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garcia-Sciveres, M.
AU  - Krieger, B.
AU  - Walder, J-P.
AU  - Mandelli, E.
AU  - von der Lippe, H.
AU  - Weber, M.
AU  - Haber, C.
AU  - Zimmerman, T.
AU  - Hoff, J.
AU  - Yarema, R.
AU  - Hanagaki, K.
AU  - Cristofek, L.
AU  - Alfonsi, S.
AU  - Pellett, D.
AU  - Wilkes, T.
AU  - Yao, W.
T1  - The SVX4 integrated circuit
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A first prototype of the SVX4 readout IC with enclosed transistor layout for radiation tolerance has been fabricated in a commercial <f>0.25 μm</f> bulk CMOS process. The SVX4 is intended to instrument the CDF and D0 Run IIB silicon strip detector upgrades at Fermilab. The design and test results are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CDF upgrade
KW  - Quarter micron
KW  - Silicon vertex detector
KW  - SVX4
N1  - Accession Number: 10635605; Garcia-Sciveres, M. 1; Email Address: mgs@lbl.gov Krieger, B. 1 Walder, J-P. 1 Mandelli, E. 1 von der Lippe, H. 1 Weber, M. 1 Haber, C. 1 Zimmerman, T. 2 Hoff, J. 2 Yarema, R. 2 Hanagaki, K. 2 Cristofek, L. 3 Alfonsi, S. 4 Pellett, D. 5 Wilkes, T. 5 Yao, W. 5; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail stop 50-5239, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA  4: University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy  5: University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 511 Issue 1/2, p171; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF upgrade; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quarter micron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon vertex detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: SVX4; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01786-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quinn, Breese
T1  - Carbon fiber grounding in the D0 Run IIb silicon detector design
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Carbon fiber support structures have become common elements of silicon detector designs. While the use of carbon fiber solves a variety of mechanical problems, it presents a challenging set of electrical concerns. Well-designed coupling and grounding schemes are essential for producing low-noise environments within the detectors. General principles involved in grounding systems with carbon fiber structures are described, as well as specific applications to the D0 Run IIb silicon detector. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Carbon fiber
KW  - Grounding
KW  - Particle detectors
KW  - Silicon trackers
N1  - Accession Number: 10635607; Quinn, Breese 1; Email Address: quinn@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 511 Issue 1/2, p180; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grounding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon trackers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01788-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10635607&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosinský, P.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Casagrande, L.
AU  - Devaux, A.
AU  - Granata, V.
AU  - Guettet, N.
AU  - Hess, M.
AU  - Heuser, J.
AU  - Jarron, P.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Lourenço, C.
AU  - Manso, F.
AU  - Niinikoski, T.O.
AU  - Palmieri, V.G.
AU  - Radermacher, E.
AU  - Shahoyan, R.
AU  - Sonderegger, P.
T1  - The cryogenic silicon Beam Tracker of NA60 for heavy ion and proton beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 511
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The cryogenic silicon Beam Tracker of NA60 is the first detector based on the Lazarus effect used in a high-energy physics experiment. It employs single-sided silicon strip sensors of 50 μm pitch operated at a temperature of 130 K. Two tracking stations determine the transverse coordinates of the interaction point at the target with 20 μm resolution, to improve the determination of the offset of secondary vertices. This impact parameter measurement allows NA60 to distinguish between prompt dimuons and muon pairs from D-meson decays. The detector concept and technical feasibility have been demonstrated in beam time periods between 1999 and 2002. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Cryogenic
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Radiation hardness
KW  - Silicon detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 10635612; Rosinský, P. 1; Email Address: peter.rosinsky@cern.ch Borer, K. 2 Casagrande, L. 1 Devaux, A. 3 Granata, V. 1 Guettet, N. 1 Hess, M. 2 Heuser, J. 4 Jarron, P. 1 Li, Z. 5 Lourenço, C. 1 Manso, F. 3 Niinikoski, T.O. 1 Palmieri, V.G. 1 Radermacher, E. 1 Shahoyan, R. 6 Sonderegger, P. 6; Affiliation:  1: CERN, Geneva 23 1211, Switzerland  2: LHEP, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland  3: LPC, University of Blaise Pascal, IN2P3-CNRS, Aubière, France  4: RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  6: IST, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 511 Issue 1/2, p200; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01793-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10635612&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drymiotis, F.
AU  - Lashley, J. C.
AU  - Fiskt, Z.
AU  - Peterson, E.
AU  - Nakatsuji, S.
T1  - Physical properties of the β-Ti 6 Sn 5 system.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/09/21/
VL  - 83
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 3169
SN  - 14786435
AB  - The current work reports the specific heat, the resistivity and the magnetic susceptibility of both single-crystal and polycrystalline β-Ti 6 Sn 5 at cryogenic temperatures. The effects of small additions of magnetic and non-magnetic impurities were examined. Resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that the undoped material is a Pauli paramagnet displaying Fermi-liquid behaviour, while ferromagnetic ordering was observed at T ≈ 150 K with small additions of Ce, La or Co. Analysis of the electronic specific heat γ and magnetic susceptibility gives an unexpectedly large Wilson ratio R W of 1.76, a value indicative of correlated electron behaviour. We present the general physical properties and based on the sensitivity of the magnetic properties to doping, show evidence that β- Ti 6 Sn 5 exhibits a ground state in close proximity to a non-magnetic and magnetic phase boundary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 11094070; Drymiotis, F. 1; Email Address: fivosd@!lanl.gov. Lashley, J. C. 1 Fiskt, Z. 1,2 Peterson, E. 1 Nakatsuji, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.; Source Info: 9/21/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 27, p3169; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC resonance; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - I0.1080/1478643031000137877
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11094070&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, David L.
AU  - Crandall, Richard S.
T1  - An electrostatic barrier to trap filling in CuIn[sub 1-x]Ga[sub x]Se[sub 2].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 83
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2363
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Voltage pulses of variable length were applied to CuIn[sub 1-x]Ga[sub x]Se[sub 2]/CdS (0<x<1) junction solar cells. The resulting nonexponential transient capacitance emission signal was recorded for several minutes. The amplitude of the capacitance emission signal increased linearly with the log of pulse time. These data do not follow the standard model for trap capture and emission of carriers. Instead, they follow a simple model based on electrostatic charging of localized regions of traps. The potential barrier height to trap filling was found to be ∼0.3 eV for all-alloy compositions. Hole capture cross-section data for a single defect are obtained. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC pulse techniques
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 10848412; Young, David L. 1; Email Address: david_young@nrel.gov Crandall, Richard S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 12, p2363; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC pulse techniques; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1613034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, J.
AU  - Dong, J. W.
AU  - Xie, J. Q.
AU  - McKernan, S.
AU  - Palmstrøm, C. J.
AU  - Xin, Y.
T1  - Molecular-beam-epitaxy growth of ferromagnetic Ni[sub 2]MnGe on GaAs(001).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 83
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2393
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Single-crystal Heusler alloy Ni[sub 2]MnGe thin films have been grown on GaAs(001) by molecular-beam epitaxy. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used for postgrowth structural characterization. The Ni[sub 2]MnGe grew in a tetragonally distorted L2[sub 1]-like structure (a=5.65 Å, c=5.96 Å) with the c axis perpendicular to the film surface. An in-plane ordering with 2× periodicity and an out-of-plane ordering with 3× periodicity was observed for the as-grown films. Magnetometry measurements performed at 50 K indicate that the films are ferromagnetic and have a weak in-plane anisotropy with a coercivity ∼5.5 Oe and saturation magnetization of ∼450 emu/cm[sup 3]. The Curie temperature was measured to be ∼320 K. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 10848402; Lu, J. 1; Email Address: junlu@magnet.fsu.edu Dong, J. W. 1 Xie, J. Q. 1 McKernan, S. 1 Palmstrøm, C. J. 1 Xin, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida 32306.; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 12, p2393; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1612900
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chandrasekhar, Vadapalli
AU  - Azhakar, Ramachandran
AU  - Thanagavelu, Gurusamy
AU  - Andavan, Senthil
AU  - Krishnan, Venkatasubbaiah
AU  - Zacchini, Stevano
AU  - Bickley, Jamie F.
AU  - Steiner, Alexander
AU  - Butcher, Raymond J.
AU  - Kögerler, Paul
T1  - A Phosphorus Supported Multisite Coordinating Tris Hydrazone P(S)[N(Me)N=CH-C[sub 6]H[sub 4]-o-OH][sub 3] as an Efficient Ligand for the Assembly of Trinuclear Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetism.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 42
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5989
EP  - 5998
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Focuses on phosphorus supported multisite coordinating tris hydrazone P(S)[N(Me)N=CH-C[sub 6]H[sub 4]-o-OH][sub 3] as a efficient ligand for the assembly of trinuclear metal complexes.  Synthesis; Molecular and crystal structure; Magnetic properties.
KW  - METAL complexes
KW  - HYDRAZONES
KW  - PHOSPHORUS
N1  - Accession Number: 11051578; Chandrasekhar, Vadapalli 1; Email Address: vc@iitk.ac.in Azhakar, Ramachandran 1 Thanagavelu, Gurusamy 1 Andavan, Senthil 1 Krishnan, Venkatasubbaiah 1 Zacchini, Stevano 2 Bickley, Jamie F. 2 Steiner, Alexander 2 Butcher, Raymond J. 3 Kögerler, Paul 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, India  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, U.K.  3: Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington, D.C.  4: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics & Astronomy, Iowa State University; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 19, p5989; Subject Term: METAL complexes; Subject Term: HYDRAZONES; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kendrick, Brian K.
T1  - A new method for solving the quantum hydrodynamic equations of motion.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5805
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The quantum hydrodynamic equations associated with the de Broglie–Bohm formulation of quantum mechanics are solved using a meshless method based on a moving least squares approach. An arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian frame of reference is used which significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the method when compared to an approach based on a purely Lagrangian frame of reference. A regridding algorithm is implemented which adds and deletes points when necessary in order to maintain accurate and stable calculations. It is shown that unitarity in the time evolution of the quantum wave packet is significantly improved by propagating using averaged fields. As nodes in the reflected wave packet start to form, the quantum potential and force become very large and numerical instabilities occur. By introducing artificial viscosity into the equations of motion, these instabilities can be avoided and the stable propagation of the wave packet for very long times becomes possible. Results are presented for the scattering of a wave packet from a repulsive Eckart barrier. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS of motion
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 10719081; Kendrick, Brian K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 12, p5805; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of motion; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1601217
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schenter, Gregory K.
AU  - Garrett, Bruce C.
AU  - Truhlar, Donald G.
T1  - Generalized transition state theory in terms of the potential of mean force.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5828
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The relationship between the free energy of activation and the potential of mean force is derived for reaction coordinates that are arbitrary functions of all the coordinates defining a system. The general result is illustrated for rectilinear reaction coordinates, bond distance reaction coordinates, atom transfer reaction coordinates, synchronous double atom transfer reaction coordinates, and energy gap reaction coordinates. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
N1  - Accession Number: 10719079; Schenter, Gregory K. 1 Garrett, Bruce C. 1 Truhlar, Donald G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environment Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory  2: Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 12, p5828; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1597477
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGrane, S.D.
AU  - Shreve, A.P.
T1  - Temperature-dependent Raman spectra of triaminotrinitrobenzene: Anharmonic mode couplings in an energetic material.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5834
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The temperature-dependent Raman spectrum of triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) is examined to determine phonon–molecular vibrational coupling information. Spectra are reported from 4–295 K over a spectral range 50–3350 cm[sup -1]. The 4 K TATB spectrum allows far greater resolution than at room temperature, with sharp phonon peaks prominent. The temperature dependence in TATB is fit very well by standard perturbation theoretical expressions for cubic (peak broadening) and quartic (peak frequency shift) anharmonicities, and averaged mode coupling information can thus be obtained. Confident assignments of specific mode coupling constants are not possible due to the large number of potentially interacting vibrations. However, these data on the entire spectrum across the broad range of temperatures provide experimental constraints useful for testing models of vibrational energy transfer in TATB. Possible relations of this study to shock initiation are briefly discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - NITROBENZENE
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 10719078; McGrane, S.D. 1; Email Address: mcgrane@lanl.gov Shreve, A.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dynamic Experimentation Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos Laboratory; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 12, p5834; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: NITROBENZENE; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1601601
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lakin, Matthew J.
AU  - Troya, Diego
AU  - Schatz, George C.
AU  - Harding, Lawrence B.
T1  - A quasiclassical trajectory study of the reaction OH+CO→H+CO[sub 2].
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5848
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A new, full-dimensional potential energy surface has been constructed to describe the OH+CO↔H+CO[sub 2] reactive system. The new surface modifies the existing many body expansion potential of Bradley and Schatz based on recent ab initio calculations and incorporates an entirely new hybrid surface to accurately describe the OH+CO entrance channel and two possible van der Waals complexes, OH–CO and OH–OC. Quasiclassical trajectory calculations have been performed for the reaction OH+CO→H+CO[sub 2] using the new surface in order to examine the impact of the changes in the surface, to evaluate the accuracy of the surface by comparing to experimental results, and to investigate the reaction dynamics of this interesting complex-forming system. It is shown that the improvement in the description of the entrance channel has a rather large effect on overall reactivity and response to reagent rotational and vibrational excitation, but has little effect on various product properties such as angular and translational energy distributions, which still compare well to experiment. Also, although the reaction forms the intermediate complex HOCO, it is shown that energy is not completely equilibrated among all internal modes and, as a result, there is a strong correlation between reagent and product excitation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 10719076; Lakin, Matthew J. 1 Troya, Diego 1 Schatz, George C. 1; Email Address: schatz@chem.northwestern.edu Harding, Lawrence B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 12, p5848; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1602061
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
AU  - Siekhaus, Wigbert J.
AU  - McLean II., William
T1  - Potential energy surfaces for the uranium hydriding reaction.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5889
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We have computed the potential energy surfaces for the low-lying electronic states of uranium hydrides, UH[sub n] (n=1–3), which are important in the uranium hydriding reactions. We have employed a number of computational methods including the complete active space multiconfiguration self-consistent field followed by multireference relativistic configuration interaction computations with spin–orbit coupling that included up to 6 million configurations. We find that the activation barrier to insert uranium into H[sub 2] is reduced substantially by spin–orbit coupling, and the product species UH[sub 2] in its A[sub 1] spin–orbit ground state is substantially stable over U([sup 5]L)+H[sub 2] dissociated products. We have found two electronic states for UH to be quite close to each other, and depending on the level of theory the relative ordering of the [sup 6]Λ and [sup 4]I states changes, [sup 4]I state being the lowest at the highest second-order configuration interaction level. The UH[sub 2] species also exhibits a similar feature in that the triplet state is favored at the single-reference second-order Møller–Plesset and coupled cluster levels, while the quintet state is favored at the multireference and density functional theory levels. The UH[sub 3] species is extremely floppy, exhibiting an inversion potential surface that has a barrier smaller than its zero-point energy. It is shown that the UH[sub 3] species is considerably more ionic than UH[sub 2] or UH, and UH[sub 3] is responsible for catalyzing the U-hydriding reaction as the highly positive U site in UH[sub 3] reacts with H[sub 2] spontaneously without an activation barrier. The results of our computations are compared with previous experimental results. The spin–orbit coupling is shown to be more important for energy activation than near the minima. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 10719071; Balasubramanian, K. 1; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu Siekhaus, Wigbert J. 2 McLean II., William 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California Davis, Chemistry of Applied Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California  2: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 12, p5889; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 8 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1601591
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valiev, M.
AU  - Bylaska, E.J.
AU  - Weare, J.H.
T1  - Calculations of the electronic structure of 3d transition metal dimers with projector augmented plane wave method.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5955
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The projected augmented plane wave method provides an all-electron solution to the Kohn–Sham local density approximation to the electronic Schrödinger equation. By projecting the fast-varying parts of the single-particle orbitals onto a local basis it allows accurate calculations for molecules and solids throughout the periodic table using a plane wave basis without the introduction of pseudopotentials. The method, thereby, preserves the efficiency required for applications to first-principles molecular dynamics simulations, while still allowing an unambiguous solution for systems containing strong scattering atoms such as transition metals. In this work, we made a comprehensive comparison of the structural and energetic properties of homonuclear 3d transition metal diatomic molecules as predicted by projector augmented plane wave and by various local basis methods. These molecules are particularly difficult to treat with plane-wave pseudopotential methods. The bond energies, bond lengths, and vibrational frequencies for the lowest-lying multiplet states are calculated. Our results demonstrate that projector augmented plane wave calculations deliver the same level of accuracy as local basis methods. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10719063; Valiev, M. 1; Email Address: marat@ucsd.edu Bylaska, E.J. 2 Weare, J.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 12, p5955; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 14 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1602694
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dang, Liem X.
T1  - Solvation of the hydronium ion at the water liquid/vapor interface.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 6351
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - In this study, we used constrained molecular dynamics techniques to investigate the transport of a hydronium ion across the water liquid/vapor interface. The computed transfer free energy was nearly unchanged as the hydronium ion approached the Gibbs dividing surface. The ion crossed the interface with no substantial minimum free energy, and transport of the hydronium ion involved a change in the solvent composition of the solvation shells around the ion. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXONIUM ions
KW  - SOLVATION
KW  - VAPOR-liquid equilibrium
N1  - Accession Number: 10719021; Dang, Liem X. 1; Email Address: liem.dang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 12, p6351; Subject Term: OXONIUM ions; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Subject Term: VAPOR-liquid equilibrium; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599274
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jung
AU  - Y.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
T1  - Controlling the Extent of Diradical Character by Utilizing Neighboring Group Interactions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 7475
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The extent of diradical character of a recently reported “localized singlet diradical that is indefinitely stable at room temperature” (R4P2B2R‘2) is assessed by electronic structure calculation of orbital occupation numbers compared to other well-studied diradicaloid systems. Our study shows that it has significantly less diradical character (and much more bonding character) than other typical organic diradicals. How this molecule, R4P2B2R‘2, attains this stability (bonding character) despite the long (2.60 Å) B-B distance is satisfactorily explained using a simplified model compound, H4P2B2H2, and frontier orbital mixing ideas. Increasing bond length usually makes a molecule more diradicaloid. For example, as the H-H bond stretches in a homolytic single-bond breaking process, H2 becomes more and more diradical-like, eventually becoming a pure diradical at complete separation. A counter-example is presented in this paper in which the molecule with a longer B-B “bond” distance (2.60 Å), H4P2B2H2, represents less diradical character than the molecule with a shorter B-B distance (2.04 Å), H4N2B2H2. This novel observation is also explained in terms of molecular orbital mixing and second-order perturbation theory. Electronic structure calculations reveal that the coupling of radical centers to the adjacent groups via through-bond interaction, as well as the distance between the two radical centers, is critical in determining the extent of diradical character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIRADICALS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 10920469; Jung Y. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 38, p7475; Subject Term: BIRADICALS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lightstone
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Mann
AU  - H. A.
AU  - Wu
AU  - M.
AU  - Johnson
AU  - P. M.
AU  - White
AU  - M. G.
T1  - Gas-Phase Production of Molybdenum Carbide, Nitride, and Sulfide Clusters and Nanocrystallites.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 10359
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Molybdenum carbide, nitride, and sulfide clusters were created via laser ablation in the presence of dilute and neat reactive carrier gases. Distributions of the neutral products were characterized by time-of-flight mass spectrometry after photoionization with 193 nm radiation. The carbide clusters show an increase in ion intensity up to Mo8C12 at which point there is a sharp drop in intensity. The latter suggests that the Mo8C12 neutral or ion is particularly stable, which we attribute to a Met-Car-like structure analogous to that observed for other early transition-metal carbides. Carbide clusters containing 10-23 Mo atoms exhibit a MoxCx+3 stoichiometry, while those containing >23 Mo atoms are closer to MoxCx+2, indicative of near cubic nanocrystallite structures. At low mass (Mox, x ≤ 6), cluster ions produced in expansions of ammonia gas contained up to three nitrogen atoms; however, heavier species (Mox, x ≤ 40) appear to be pure molybdenum metal clusters. The mass distributions for the sulfide clusters indicate a “magic number” structure at Mo6S4+ which is attributed to a stable structure previously observed for the [Cu6S4]- anion. Also, the dependence of cluster distributions on the fluence of the ionizing laser was investigated to gain insight on the observed cluster ion distributions using a simple, qualitative kinetic model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM compounds
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - GASES
N1  - Accession Number: 10920499; Lightstone J. M. 1 Mann H. A. 1 Wu M. 1 Johnson P. M. 1 White M. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 and Chemistry Department, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11974; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 38, p10359; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM compounds; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: GASES; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tarasevich
AU  - B. J.
AU  - Chusuei
AU  - C. C.
AU  - Allara
AU  - D. L.
T1  - Nucleation and Growth of Calcium Phosphate from Physiological Solutions onto Self-Assembled Templates by a Solution-Formed Nucleus Mechanism.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 10367
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The nucleation and growth mechanisms of calcium phosphate were investigated using supersaturated solutions similar to physiological conditions and model self-assembled monolayer substrates tailored to have functional groups that mimicked chemistries found in bone organic matrices. Deposition kinetics were studied using an in situ microbalance and showed a long induction period followed by a second region of extensive growth, both of which depended on the solution supersaturation. Solution studies revealed that the growth of calcium phosphate onto the surfaces after the induction period corresponded to nucleation and growth in solution. Nuclei formed in solution, started to grow, adsorbed onto the substrates, and then grew further to form apatite films composed of coalesced, oriented crystallites. The solution-formed critical nucleus mechanism is in contrast to heterogeneous nucleation and reveals an important mechanism for calcium phosphate growth onto surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CALCIUM phosphate
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - SUPERSATURATED solutions
KW  - FUNCTIONAL groups
N1  - Accession Number: 10920500; Tarasevich B. J. 1 Chusuei C. C. 1 Allara D. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010, and Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 38, p10367; Subject Term: CALCIUM phosphate; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: SUPERSATURATED solutions; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL groups; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaaff
AU  - T. G.
AU  - Rodinone
AU  - A. J.
T1  - Preparation and Characterization of Silver Sulfide Nanocrystals Generated from Silver(I)-Thiolate Polymers.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 10416
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Silver sulfide nanocrystals have been formed by the conversion of silver thiolate polymers with sodium sulfide in a dual-phase solution preparation. From transmission electron microscopy and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, the mean nanocrystalline diameter is estimated to be 5.4 nm. Large-angle X-ray diffraction is qualitatively consistent with the rhombic phase (acanthite) of Ag2S. The removal of the silver thiolate polymer is confirmed by mass spectrometry, and initial results indicate that fractional crystallization may be utilized to separate these large nanocrystalline compounds by their respective core sizes. Optical absorption spectroscopy indicates a band gap of 1.1 eV, which is not shifted appreciably from the bulk value for this direct band gap semiconductor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - SILVER sulfide
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10920508; Schaaff T. G. 1 Rodinone A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6120; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 38, p10416; Subject Term: SILVER sulfide; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trouw
AU  - F. R.
AU  - Borodin
AU  - O.
AU  - Cook
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Copley
AU  - J. R. D.
AU  - Smith
AU  - G. D.
T1  - Quasielastic Neutron-Scattering Study of the Local Dynamics of Poly(ethylene glycol) Dimethyl Ether in Aqueous Solution.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 10446
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Neutron quasielastic scattering experiments were carried out on aqueous solutions of 500 u molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (PEG-DME) in deuterated water. The intermediate scattering functions extracted from the measured neutron scattering can be fitted by a combination of a fast second-order exponential decay (t < 2 ps) and a slower first-order exponential decay. The analysis of the momentum transfer (Q) dependence of the decay constant for the slower component shows that it has an approximately constant value at Q''s less than 13 nm-1 and then increases linearly up to the highest momentum transfer (25 nm-1). Both the slope of the higher-Q linear region and the individual Q-dependent decay constants show a minimum in the PEG-DME weight fraction range of 0.6-0.9. Further analysis of the neutron-scattering data to check the effect of multiple scattering in the sample shows that only the shape of the fast decay (t < 2 ps) is affected by this correction. A direct quantitative comparison is made between experiment and molecular dynamics simulations. Fourier transforming the experimental data from the frequency domain into the time domain to yield the intermediate scattering function allows for a quantitative comparison with the equivalent function calculated from the simulations. Furthermore, a Monte Carlo simulation of the experiment based on simulation results is used to account for the effect of multiple scattering quantitatively, which represents a novel approach to dealing with the complications arising from multiple scattering. This correction is significant, resulting in excellent agreement between experiment and the simulations. Both simulation and experiment give rise to a maximum in the relaxation time for PEG-DME proton motion in the PEG-DME weight fraction range of 0.6-0.9. On the basis of the simulations, this maximum arises from competition between the slowing down of the torsional transitions due to hydrogen bonding between the water and the PEG-DME ether oxygens, and the addition of a sufficient quantity of water results in an increasing fraction of large water clusters and more mobile water (i.e., a low-viscosity solvent). The former dominates at low dilution, and the latter dominates at higher dilution, leading to the enhanced backbone motion of the PEG-DME and the observed maximum in the residence time of the PEG-DME protons as a function of composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - QUASIELASTIC light scattering
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
KW  - SCATTERING (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10920512; Trouw F. R. 1 Borodin O. 1 Cook J. C. 1 Copley J. R. D. 1 Smith G. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS H805, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical & Fuels Engineering, 122 S. Central Campus Drive, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, and NIST Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8562; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 38, p10446; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: QUASIELASTIC light scattering; Subject Term: MOLECULAR weights; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin
AU  - Y.
AU  - Hill
AU  - D. E.
AU  - Bentley
AU  - J.
AU  - Allard
AU  - L. F.
AU  - Sun
AU  - Y.-P.
T1  - Characterization of Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes at Individual Nanotube-Thin Bundle Level.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 10453
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Individual and thin bundles of aminopolymer-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were successfully imaged using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The corresponding electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) characterization of the same TEM specimen before and after ex situ thermal defunctionalization confirmed that the nanotube surface was covered with nitrogen-containing functionalities in the functionalized SWNT sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10920513; Lin Y. 1 Hill D. E. 1 Bentley J. 1 Allard L. F. 1 Sun Y.-P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films, Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, Metals and Ceramics Division and High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6062; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 38, p10453; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gattas-Asfura
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Zheng
AU  - Y.
AU  - Micic
AU  - M.
AU  - Snedaker
AU  - M. J.
AU  - Ji
AU  - X.
AU  - Sui
AU  - G.
AU  - Orbulescu
AU  - J.
AU  - Andreopoulos
AU  - F. M.
AU  - Pham
AU  - S. M.
AU  - Wang
AU  - C.
T1  - Immobilization of Quantum Dots in the Photo-Cross-Linked Poly(ethylene glycol)-Based Hydrogel.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 10464
SN  - 15206106
AB  - An inorganic/organic composite hybrid nano-system has been successfully synthesized in which nanocrystalline quantum dots (QDs) were effectively immobilized within a photo-cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel. The immobilization of 3.5-6.0 nm CdTe and 2.0-3.5 nm CdSe QDs within the PEG hydrogel network has been shown to be effective through utilization of physical trapping. These QD-immobilized gel systems demonstrated luminescence characteristics unique to semiconductor QD nanocrystals. Controlled particle extraction from the PEG hydrogel matrix may be possible via a photocleavage process. The solubility property of QDs was controlled through surface functionalization. It is envisioned that the unique photophysical properties of this new material can be utilized as a convenient signal transducer for chemo-/bio-sensing. A promising application of the described QD/PEG-NC hybrid system may be in the fields of fluoroimmunoassay and as a monitoring system for drug delivery and wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - INORGANIC compounds
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 10920515; Gattas-Asfura K. M. 1 Zheng Y. 1 Micic M. 1 Snedaker M. J. 1 Ji X. 1 Sui G. 1 Orbulescu J. 1 Andreopoulos F. M. 1 Pham S. M. 1 Wang C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Division, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 38, p10464; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: INORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: POLYMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang
AU  - R.
AU  - Orme
AU  - C. A.
AU  - Nancollas
AU  - G. H.
T1  - A New Understanding of Demineralization:  The Dynamics of Brushite Dissolution.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/09/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 10653
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In situ atomic force microscopic studies of brushite dissolution suggest an exactly analogous mechanism to that of crystallization in which embryo formation takes place only after critical conditions are reached. Experimentally, the relationship between the spreading rate of dissolution steps and their sizes is first measured and the elimination of active dissolution sites is observed at different undersaturations. The results reinforce our previous “self-inhibition” model in which the dissolution rates decrease with time and the reactions are effectively suppressed. The data suggest a metastable zone for dissolution in undersaturated solutions, and this is confirmed by constant composition dissolution experiments near equilibrium. Clearly, it is important to understand the mechanism of dissolution when attempts are made to measure, experimentally, the solubilities of sparingly soluble minerals. Surface dissolution pits not only play important roles in dissolution kinetics, but also they can directly influence crystal morphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 10920543; Tang R. 1 Orme C. A. 1 Nancollas G. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Complex, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, and Department of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 107 Issue 38, p10653; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jrium Lai
AU  - Shafi, Kurikka V.P.M.
AU  - Loos, Katja
AU  - Ulman, Abraham
AU  - Lee, Yongjae
AU  - Vogt, Thomas
AU  - Estournès, Claude
T1  - Doping γ-Fe[sub 2]O[sub 3] Nanoparticles with Mn(III) Suppresses the Transition to the α-Fe[sub 2]O[sub 3] Structure.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/09/24/
VL  - 125
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 11470
EP  - 11471
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Reports on a mixed oxide system, the gamma-iron oxide nanoparticles doped with manganese(III), where the transition from the cubic to the more stable hexagonal alpha-iron oxide structure is suppressed.  Details on the synchrotron X-ray diffraction patterns as a function of temperature; Question of how much doping of manganese(III) suppresses the gamma-to-alpha transition.
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11065958; Jrium Lai 1,2 Shafi, Kurikka V.P.M. 1,2 Loos, Katja 1,2 Ulman, Abraham 1,2; Email Address: aulman@duke.poly.edu Lee, Yongjae 3 Vogt, Thomas 3 Estournès, Claude 4; Affiliation:  1: Polytechnic University  2: NSF Garcia MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory  4: Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux; Source Info: 9/24/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 38, p11470; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doshi, Dhaval A.
AU  - Gibaud, Alain
AU  - Goletto, Valerie
AU  - Mengcheng Lu
AU  - Gerung, Henry
AU  - Ocko, Benjamin
AU  - Han, Sang M.
AU  - Brinker, C. Jeffrey
T1  - Peering into the Self-Assembly of Surfactant Templated Thin-Film Silica Mesophases.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/09/24/
VL  - 125
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 11646
EP  - 11655
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Focuses on the self-assembly of surfactant templated thin-film silica mesophases.  Use of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the structure-directing surfactant; Acidic conditions in which the siloxane condensation rate is minimized.
KW  - THIN films
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 11065998; Doshi, Dhaval A. 1,2 Gibaud, Alain 3,4 Goletto, Valerie 5 Mengcheng Lu 1,6 Gerung, Henry 1 Ocko, Benjamin 7 Han, Sang M. 1 Brinker, C. Jeffrey 1,3; Email Address: cjbrink@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Chimie de la Matière Condensée,  4: Université du Maine, Faculté des Sciences  5: Université Pierre et Marie Curie  6: Intel Corporation, Portland Technology Development  7: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/24/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 38, p11646; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 11 Color Photographs, 3 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keeffe, James R.
AU  - Gronert, Scott
AU  - Colvin, Michael E.
AU  - Tran, Ngoc L.
T1  - Identity Proton-Transfer Reactions from C-H, N-H, and O-H Acids, An ab Initio, DFT, and CPCM-B3LYP Aqueous Solvent Model Study.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/09/24/
VL  - 125
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 11730
EP  - 11745
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Discusses the identity proton-transfer reactions between 21 acids and their conjugate bases according to a given reaction scheme.  Energetics; Geometries; Transition states; Anion-molecule complexes; Charges.
KW  - PROTON transfer reactions
KW  - ACID-base chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11066007; Keeffe, James R. 1 Gronert, Scott 1; Email Address: sgronert@sfsu.edu Colvin, Michael E. 2,3 Tran, Ngoc L. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University  2: Computational Biology Group and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Scientific Computing Department  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California; Source Info: 9/24/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 38, p11730; Subject Term: PROTON transfer reactions; Subject Term: ACID-base chemistry; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, Ping
AU  - Li, J.C.M.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
T1  - Adiabatic temperature of combustion synthesis of Al–Ni systems
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/09/25/
VL  - 357
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 248
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The adiabatic reaction temperature of stoichiometric Ni+Al and 3Ni+Al elemental mixtures and non-stoichiometric Ni/Al reaction systems under various initial conditions are calculated and compared with experiments. The experiments are based on the measurement of temperature–time profiles of the combustion reactions carried out in a nearly adiabatic condition. The adiabatic reaction temperature changes with the fraction of Ni with a maximum at about equal atomic ratio. The experimental results are in good agreement with the calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Adiabatic temperature of Ni/Al combustion
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Combustion synthesis
KW  - Enthalpy of Ni/Al liquid solutions
KW  - Intermetallics
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Nickel aluminides
KW  - Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 10322457; Zhu, Ping 1 Li, J.C.M. 1; Email Address: li@me.rochester.edu Liu, C.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Program, College of Arts, Sciences and Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627-0133, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 357 Issue 1/2, p248; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adiabatic temperature of Ni/Al combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy of Ni/Al liquid solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel aluminides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00249-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caldeira, Ken
AU  - Wickett, Michael E.
T1  - Oceanography: Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/09/25/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6956
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Most carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the burning of fossil fuels will eventually be absorbed by the ocean, with potentially adverse consequences for marine biota. Here we quantify the changes in ocean pH that may result from this continued release of CO2 and compare these with pH changes estimated from geological and historical records. We find that oceanic absorption of CO2 from fossil fuels may result in larger pH changes over the next several centuries than any inferred from the geological record of the past 300 million years, with the possible exception of those resulting from rare, extreme events such as bolide impacts or catastrophic methane hydrate degassing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
N1  - Accession Number: 10912361; Caldeira, Ken 1; Email Address: kenc@llnl.gov Wickett, Michael E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Environment Directorate  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 9/25/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6956, p365; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: OCEAN; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/425365a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birse, Michael C.
AU  - Kao, Chung-Wen
AU  - Nayak, Gouranga C.
T1  - Screening and antiscreening in anisotropic QED and QCD plasmas
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/09/25/
VL  - 570
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We use a transport-theory approach to construct the static propagator of a gauge boson in a plasma with a general axially- and reflection-symmetric momentum distribution. Non-zero magnetic screening is found if the distribution is anisotropic, confirming the results of a closed-time-path-integral approach. We find that the electric and magnetic screening effects depend on both the orientation of the momentum carried by the boson and the orientation of its polarization. In some orientations there can be antiscreening, reflecting the instabilities of such a medium. We present some fairly general conditions on the dependence of these effects on the anisotropy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - 12.38.-t
N1  - Accession Number: 10743875; Birse, Michael C. 1; Email Address: mike.birse@man.ac.uk Kao, Chung-Wen 1; Email Address: kao@theory.ph.man.ac.uk Nayak, Gouranga C. 2; Email Address: nayak@shakti.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK  2: T-8, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 570 Issue 3/4, p171; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.38.-t; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Capstick, Simon
AU  - Page, Philip R.
AU  - Roberts, Winston
T1  - Interpretation of the <f>Θ+</f> as an isotensor pentaquark with weakly decaying partners
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/09/25/
VL  - 570
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The <f>Θ+</f>(1540), recently observed at LEPS, DIANA and CLAS, is hypothesized to be an isotensor resonance. This implies the existence of a multiplet where the <f>Θ++</f>, <f>Θ+</f> and <f>Θ0</f> have isospin-violating strong decays, and the <f>Θ+++</f> and <f>Θ−</f> have weak decays and so are long-lived. Production mechanisms for the weakly-decaying states are discussed. The <f>JP</f> assignment of the <f>Θ</f> is most likely <f>1/2−</f> or <f>3/2−</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - ANALOG resonance
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Isotensor
KW  - Pentaquark
KW  - Weak decay
N1  - Accession Number: 10743877; Capstick, Simon 1; Email Address: capstick@csit.fsu.edu Page, Philip R. 2; Email Address: prp@lanl.gov Roberts, Winston 3,4; Email Address: roberts@qcd.physics.odu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4350, USA  2: Theoretical Division, MS B283, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA  4: Theory Group, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 570 Issue 3/4, p185; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: ANALOG resonance; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pentaquark; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weak decay; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holt, Nancy E.
AU  - Kennis, J.T.M.
AU  - Dall’Osto, Luca
AU  - Bassi, Roberto
AU  - Fleming, Graham R.
T1  - Carotenoid to chlorophyll energy transfer in light harvesting complex II from Arabidopsis thaliana probed by femtosecond fluorescence upconversion
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 379
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Trimers of light harvesting complex II from Arabidopsis thaliana were studied by femtosecond fluorescence upconversion. The average lifetime of the carotenoid S2 state was ∼57 fs for wild type trimers and ∼70 fs for trimers from a mutant plant with a distinctly different carotenoid composition. We estimate that ∼56% of the energy transferred from carotenoids to chlorophylls proceeds via the carotenoid S2 state in the wild type and ∼46% in the mutant. By comparison with the fluorescence excitation spectra, we find that ∼20% of the energy transferred in both samples proceeds through the carotenoid S1 state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - CAROTENOIDS
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - ARABIDOPSIS thaliana
N1  - Accession Number: 10864164; Holt, Nancy E. 1 Kennis, J.T.M. 2 Dall’Osto, Luca 3 Bassi, Roberto 3 Fleming, Graham R. 1; Email Address: grfleming@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands  3: Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico, Facoltá di Scienze, Universitá di Verona, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 379 Issue 3/4, p305; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: CAROTENOIDS; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: ARABIDOPSIS thaliana; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.08.039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oliva, Josep M.
AU  - Gray, Stephen K.
T1  - Theoretical study of dielectrically coated metallic nanowires
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 379
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The interaction of light with nanometer scale diameter single and multiple silver nanowires, coated externally with a dielectric material, is studied with the finite-difference time-domain method. As would be expected, the surface plasmon polariton resonance positions for the single nanowires shift to the red as the thickness of the coating is increased. In the case of multiple nanowires, however, we find that the effect of the coating is similar to bringing bare nanowires closer together, i.e., it leads to greater light intensities between the wires and more complex spectra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - SILVER
KW  - TIME-domain analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10864167; Oliva, Josep M. 1 Gray, Stephen K. 2; Email Address: gray@tcg.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Theoretical Chemistry Group, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 379 Issue 3/4, p325; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: TIME-domain analysis; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.08.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saito, Shin'ichi
AU  - Yamaguchi, Hiroshi
AU  - Higashimoto, Yuichiro
AU  - Chao, Connie
AU  - Yang Xu
AU  - Fornace Jr., Albert J.
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
T1  - Phosphorylation Site Interdependence of Human p53 Post-translational Modifications in Response to Stress.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 278
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 37536
EP  - 37544
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Presents a study which used modification-specific antibodies to characterize the phosphorylation and acetylation of human p53 in response to genotoxic and non-genotoxic stress in cultured humas cells at known modification sites.  DNA damage-inducing agents that induce phosphorylation and acetylation; Differences between the agents; Modifications occurring in the HCT116 human colon carcinoma cell line; Analysis of the single site mutant p53s.
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - ACETYLATION
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11051822; Saito, Shin'ichi 1,2 Yamaguchi, Hiroshi 1 Higashimoto, Yuichiro 1 Chao, Connie 3 Yang Xu 3 Fornace Jr., Albert J. 2 Appella, Ettore 1 Anderson, Carl W. 4; Email Address: cwa@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Institute of Health, Maryland  2: Basic Research Laboratory, NCI, National Institute of Health, Maryland  3: Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego  4: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 9/26/2003, Vol. 278 Issue 39, p37536; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: ACETYLATION; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reichmuth, David S.
AU  - Kirby, Brian J.
T1  - Effects of ammonioalkyl sulfonate internal salts on electrokinetic micropump performance and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic separations
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 1013
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Ammonioalkyl sulfonate internal salts are explored owing to their potential for improving electrokinetic pumps used to perform miniaturized HPLC separations. The internal salts investigated can be added at high molarity since they are net-neutral, and furthermore show potential for increasing electroosmotic pumping owing to their large positive dielectric increment. Streaming potential measurements of buffered aqueous systems with varying concentrations of ammonioalkyl sulfonate internal salts have been used to measure these dielectric increments, which increase with the length of the alkyl linker. Due to their positive dielectric increments and their decremental effect on solution conductivity, all of the measured species are predicted to improve the pressure generation (up to 85%) and efficiency performance (up to 140%) of electrokinetic pumps when added at 1 M concentration. RP-HPLC separations with an ammonioalkyl sulfonate (TMAPS) have been performed and indicate that separation performance is essentially unaffected by these species. These results indicate the potential for a variety of ammonioalkyl sulfonates to be used to improve electrokinetic pump performance for miniaturized HPLC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solution (Chemistry)
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Electrokinetics
KW  - Dielectrics
KW  - Pumping machinery
KW  - Ammonioalkyl sulfonates
N1  - Accession Number: 10863323; Reichmuth, David S. 1; Kirby, Brian J.; Email Address: bjkirby@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Microfluidics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 1013 Issue 1/2, p93; Thesaurus Term: Solution (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Chemistry; Subject Term: Electrokinetics; Subject Term: Dielectrics; Subject Term: Pumping machinery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ammonioalkyl sulfonates; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333911 Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01468-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
T1  - Determination of post-translational modifications of proteins by high-sensitivity, high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 1013
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The response of a cell to its extracellular environment is a multi-step process beginning with signal transduction that is governed by “subtle changes” often resulting in protein expression. Proteomics is the tracking of this protein expression. Post-translational modification (PTM) is a “subtle change” that has a major influence on signal transduction. Phosphorylation and glycosylation propagate signals by sequential, reversible modifications. High-sensitivity, high-resolution and multiple MS capabilities of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry permit localization of the PTM(s) with electron-capture dissociation, and then structural determination of the PTM with infrared multiphoton dissociation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Proteomics
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Glycosylation
KW  - Glycoproteins
KW  - Lectins
N1  - Accession Number: 10863333; Emmett, Mark R. 1; Email Address: emmett@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, B224 Magnet Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310-3706, USA; Issue Info: Sep2003, Vol. 1013 Issue 1/2, p203; Thesaurus Term: Mass spectrometry; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Proteomics; Subject Term: Phosphorylation; Subject Term: Glycosylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycoproteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lectins; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01127-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lashuel, Hilal A.
AU  - Hartley, Dean M.
AU  - Petre, Benjamin M.
AU  - Wall, Joseph S.
AU  - Simon, Martha N.
AU  - Walz, Thomas
AU  - Lansbury Jr, Peter T.
T1  - Mixtures of Wild-type and a Pathogenic (E22G) Form of Aβ40 in Vitro Accumulate Protofibrils, Including Amyloid Pores
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 332
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 795
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Although APP mutations associated with inherited forms of Alzheimer''s disease (AD) are relatively rare, detailed studies of these mutations may prove critical for gaining important insights into the mechanism(s) and etiology of AD. Here, we present a detailed biophysical characterization of the structural properties of protofibrils formed by the Arctic variant (E22G) of amyloid-β protein (Aβ40ARC) as well as the effect of Aβ40WT on the distribution of the protofibrillar species formed by Aβ40ARC by characterizing biologically relevant mixtures of both proteins that may mimic the situation in the heterozygous patients. These studies revealed that the Arctic mutation accelerates both Aβ oligomerization and fibrillogenesis in vitro. In addition, Aβ40ARC was observed to affect both the morphology and the size distribution of Aβ protofibrils. Electron microscopy examination of the protofibrils formed by Aβ40ARC revealed several morphologies, including: (1) relatively compact spherical particles roughly 4–5 nm in diameter; (2) annular pore-like protofibrils; (3) large spherical particles 18–25 nm in diameter; and (4) short filaments with chain-like morphology. Conversion of Aβ40ARC protofibrils to fibrils occurred more rapidly than protofibrils formed in mixed solutions of Aβ40WT/Aβ40ARC, suggesting that co-incubation of Aβ40ARC with Aβ40WT leads to kinetic stabilization of Aβ40ARC protofibrils. An increase in the ratio of AβWT/AβMUT(Arctic), therefore, may result in the accumulation of potential neurotoxic protofibrils and acceleration of disease progression in familial Alzheimer''s disease mutation carriers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMYLOID beta-protein
KW  - ALZHEIMER'S disease
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - DISEASES -- Causes & theories of causation
KW  - AD, Alzheimer's disease
KW  - Alzheimer's disease
KW  - amyloid pores
KW  - amyloid-β protein (Aβ)
KW  - Arc, Arctic mutant (E22G)
KW  - Arctic mutation
KW  - AU, analytical ultracentrifugation
KW  - EM, electron microscopy
KW  - FAD, familial Alzheimer's disease
KW  - protofibrils
KW  - SEC, size-exclusion chromatography
KW  - STEM, scanning transmission electron microscopy
KW  - SVAU, sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation
KW  - ThT, thioflavin T
KW  - TMV, tobacco mosaic virus
KW  - WT, wild-type
N1  - Accession Number: 10741144; Lashuel, Hilal A. 1,2 Hartley, Dean M. 1,2 Petre, Benjamin M. 3 Wall, Joseph S. 4 Simon, Martha N. 4 Walz, Thomas 1,3 Lansbury Jr, Peter T. 1,2; Email Address: plansbury@rics.bwh.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Harvard Center for Neurodegeneration and Repair, 65 Landsdowne St., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  3: Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA  4: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 463, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 332 Issue 4, p795; Subject Term: AMYLOID beta-protein; Subject Term: ALZHEIMER'S disease; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: DISEASES -- Causes & theories of causation; Author-Supplied Keyword: AD, Alzheimer's disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alzheimer's disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: amyloid pores; Author-Supplied Keyword: amyloid-β protein (Aβ); Author-Supplied Keyword: Arc, Arctic mutant (E22G); Author-Supplied Keyword: Arctic mutation; Author-Supplied Keyword: AU, analytical ultracentrifugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: EM, electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: FAD, familial Alzheimer's disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: protofibrils; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEC, size-exclusion chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: STEM, scanning transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: SVAU, sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ThT, thioflavin T; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMV, tobacco mosaic virus; Author-Supplied Keyword: WT, wild-type; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00927-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wall, Michael E.
AU  - Hlavacek, William S.
AU  - Savageau, Michael A.
T1  - Design Principles for Regulator Gene Expression in a Repressible Gene Circuit
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 332
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
SN  - 00222836
AB  - We consider the design of a type of repressible gene circuit that is common in bacteria. In this type of circuit, a regulator protein acts to coordinately repress the expression of effector genes when a signal molecule with which it interacts is present. The regulator protein can also independently influence the expression of its own gene, such that regulator gene expression is repressible (like effector genes), constitutive, or inducible. Thus, a signal-directed change in the activity of the regulator protein can result in one of three patterns of coupled regulator and effector gene expression: direct coupling, in which regulator and effector gene expression change in the same direction; uncoupling, in which regulator gene expression remains constant while effector gene expression changes; or inverse coupling, in which regulator and effector gene expression change in opposite directions. We have investigated the functional consequences of each form of coupling using a mathematical model to compare alternative circuits on the basis of engineering-inspired criteria for functional effectiveness. The results depend on whether the regulator protein acts as a repressor or activator of transcription at the promoters of effector genes. In the case of repressor control of effector gene expression, direct coupling is optimal among the three forms of coupling, whereas in the case of activator control, inverse coupling is optimal. Results also depend on the sensitivity of effector gene expression to changes in the level of a signal molecule; the optimal form of coupling can be physically realized only for circuits with sufficiently small sensitivity. These theoretical results provide a rationale for autoregulation of regulator genes in repressible gene circuits and lead to testable predictions, which we have compared with data available in the literature and electronic databases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - GENETIC repressors
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - autoregulation
KW  - design principles
KW  - gene regulation
KW  - mathematical model
KW  - repression
N1  - Accession Number: 10741149; Wall, Michael E. 1,2 Hlavacek, William S. 3; Email Address: wish@lanl.gov Savageau, Michael A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Computer and Computational Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group (T-10), Theoretical Division, Mail Stop K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0620, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 332 Issue 4, p861; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: GENETIC repressors; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: autoregulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: design principles; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: mathematical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: repression; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00948-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budowle, Bruce
AU  - Schutzer, Steven E.
AU  - Einseln, Anja
AU  - Kelley, Lynda C.
AU  - Walsh, Anne C.
AU  - Smith, Jenifer A. L.
AU  - Marrone, Babetta L.
AU  - Robertson, James
AU  - Campos, Joseph
T1  - Building Microbial Forensics as a Response to Bioterrorism.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5641
M3  - Article
SP  - 1852
EP  - 1853
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Examines the need to build microbial forensics as a response to bioterrorism.  Need for continued development of additional assays for individualization of microbial strains; Steps taken by law enforcement agencies in the United States in investigating crime related to biological weapon usage and bioterrorism; Focus areas of the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods.
KW  - FORENSIC sciences
KW  - BIOTERRORISM
KW  - BIOLOGICAL weapons
KW  - BIOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11062452; Budowle, Bruce 1; Email Address: bbudowle@fbi.gov. Schutzer, Steven E. 2 Einseln, Anja 1 Kelley, Lynda C. 3 Walsh, Anne C. 4 Smith, Jenifer A. L. 1 Marrone, Babetta L. 5 Robertson, James 1 Campos, Joseph 6; Affiliation:  1: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Laboratory Division, Quantico, VA 22135, USA.  2: University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Department of Medicine, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.  3: Russell Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30604, USA.  4: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA.  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  6: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.; Source Info: 9/26/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5641, p1852; Subject Term: FORENSIC sciences; Subject Term: BIOTERRORISM; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL weapons; Subject Term: BIOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1882
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Feng Sheng
AU  - Kaufman, Darrell
AU  - Yoneji, Sumiko
AU  - Nelson, David
AU  - Shemesh, Aldo
AU  - Huang, Yongsong
AU  - Tian, Jian
AU  - Bond, Gerard
AU  - Clegg, Benjamin
AU  - Brown, Thomas
T1  - Cyclic Variation and Solar Forcing of Holocene Climate inthe Alaskan Subarctic.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/09/26/
VL  - 301
IS  - 5641
M3  - Article
SP  - 1890
EP  - 1893
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - High-resolution analyses of lake sediment from southwestern Alaska reveal cyclic variations in climate and ecosystems during the Holocene. These variations occurred with periodicities similar to those of solar activity and appear to be coherent with time series of the cosmogenic nuclides [sup14]C and [sup10]Be as well as North Atlantic drift ice. Our results imply that small variations in solar irradiance induced pronounced cyclic changes in northern high-latitude environments. They also provide evidence that centennialscale shifts in the Holocene climate were similar between the subpolar regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific, possibly because of Sunocean-climate linkages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAKE sediments
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - SOLAR activity
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - ALASKA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11062471; Hu, Feng Sheng 1,2,3; Email Address: fshu@life.uiuc.edu Kaufman, Darrell 4 Yoneji, Sumiko 1 Nelson, David 2 Shemesh, Aldo 5 Huang, Yongsong 6 Tian, Jian 3 Bond, Gerard 7 Clegg, Benjamin 1 Brown, Thomas 8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.  2: Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.  3: Department of Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.  4: Departments of Geology and Environmental Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA.  5: Department of Environmental Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.  6: Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.  7: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA.  8: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry-Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 945S1, USA.; Source Info: 9/26/2003, Vol. 301 Issue 5641, p1890; Subject Term: LAKE sediments; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: SOLAR activity; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: ALASKA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3205
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rusby, R. L.
AU  - Durieux, M.
AU  - Reesink, A. L.
AU  - Hudson, R. P.
AU  - Schuster, G.
AU  - Kühne, M.
AU  - Fogle, W. E.
AU  - Soulen, R. J.
AU  - Adams, E. D.
T1  - The Provisional Low Temperature Scale from 0.9 mK to 1 K, PLTS-2000.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/29/
VL  - 684
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 82
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Provisional Low Temperature Scale from 0.9 mK to 1 K, PLTS-2000, was adopted by the Comité International des Poids et Mesures in October 2000. It is defined using an equation for the melting pressure of 3He over the complete temperature range, and forms an extension of the International Temperature Scale of 1990, ITS-90, below its lower limit of 0.65 K. An internationally-accepted ultra-low temperature scale is needed to provide the basis for reliable thermometry in the temperature range in which commercial dilution refrigerators operate, and at lower temperatures where experiments investigating the thermodynamic properties of 3He and other condensed matter are carried out in many research centres. This paper is a summary of a fuller publication describing the background and derivation of the scale, published in the Journal of Low Temperature Physics [1], and includes tables of values of melting pressure, pm / MPa, and temperature T2000 / K, and the derivative, dpm /dT2000 in MPa/K. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERNATIONAL temperature scale
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - MELTING points
N1  - Accession Number: 11188837; Rusby, R. L. 1 Durieux, M. 2 Reesink, A. L. 3 Hudson, R. P. 4 Schuster, G. 5 Kühne, M. 5 Fogle, W. E. 6 Soulen, R. J. 7 Adams, E. D. 8; Affiliation:  1: National Physical Laboratory,  Teddington  TW11 0LW, UK  2: Kamerlingh  Onnes  Laboratoriwn,  Leiden University, the Netherlands  3: National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada  4: Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA  5: Physikalzsch-Technische  Bundesanstalt,  D10587  Berlin  10 Germany  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley,  California  7: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington,  DC, USA  8: Department of Physics, University of Florida,  Gainesville, Florida, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 684 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL temperature scale; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: MELTING points; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627104
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boboridis, K.
AU  - Obst, A. W.
T1  - A High-Speed Four-Channel Infrared Pyrometer.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/29/
VL  - 684
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
EP  - 764
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A high-speed, four-wavelength pyrometer has been developed for dynamic temperature measurements on samples that are heated by shock compression. The pyrometer uses a pair of off-axis parabolic mirrors to collect radiance emitted from a target of 1 mm in diameter. A single optical fiber delivers the collected radiant flux to the detector housing. Three dichroic beam splitters are used to spectrally split the light into four beams that are then focused onto an equal number of LN2-cooled InSb photodetectors. Broad bandwidth interference filters that are nominally centered at 1.8, 2.4, 3.4, and 5.0 μm define the wavelength ranges of the four channels. The blackbody-temperature threshold of the pyrometer is at about 400 K. The signals are recorded at intervals as short as 20 ns using a four-channel digital oscilloscope. Procedures for calibration and temperature measurements are described. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - RADIATION pyrometers
KW  - BLACKBODY radiation
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11188722; Boboridis, K. 1 Obst, A. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics  Division, MS  H803, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los  Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 684 Issue 1, p759; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: RADIATION pyrometers; Subject Term: BLACKBODY radiation; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627219
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palm, E. C.
AU  - Murphy, T. P.
AU  - Peabody, L.
AU  - Tozer, S. W.
T1  - A New Capacitance Thermometer with Novel Design for Use at Low Temperatures and High Magnetic Fields.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/29/
VL  - 684
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1003
EP  - 1008
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A capacitance thermometer made of thin layers of Kapton and copper that is insensitive to high magnetic fields is described. This thermometer can be easily fabricated and the final thermometer is a thin rigid tube that can be easily incorporated into the sample space of most high-field cryogenic systems. We have demonstrated that the minimum in capacitance versus temperature of these thermometers can be moved to progressively lower temperatures even below our base temperature of 20 mK by changing the construction parameters of the devices. We present data demonstrating their lack of magnetic field dependence and their specific sensitivity, and we discuss power dissipation in typical operation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMOMETERS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC capacity
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 11188681; Palm, E. C. 1 Murphy, T. P. 1 Peabody, L. 1 Tozer, S. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory 1800  E. Paul Dirac Dr.  Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 684 Issue 1, p1003; Subject Term: THERMOMETERS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC capacity; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627260
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allison, S. W.
AU  - Cates, M. R.
AU  - Beshears, D. L.
AU  - Gillies, G. T.
T1  - Phosphor Thermometry at ORNL.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/29/
VL  - 684
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1033
EP  - 1038
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Phosphor materials are, by design, capable of efficiently converting excitation energy into fluorescence. The temperature-dependent characteristics of this fluorescence provide the basis for noncontact thermometry. In the past decade this approach has been applied to turbine engine diagnostics, liquid temperature measurements for heat pump research, combustion engine intake valve and piston measurements, galvanneal steel processing, transient thermometry of particle beam targets, and microcantilevers used in MEMS devices. The temperatures involved range from ambient to in excess of 1200 °C. Some of these applications have involved fiber optics for light delivery and/or fluorescence signal collection. In addition to fielding these applications, there has been considerable work in the laboratory aimed at exploring further improvements and adding to the database of temperature-characterized phosphors. The activities involve investigation of short-decay time phosphors for use on imaging surfaces moving at high speeds, measuring and modeling pressure as well as temperature dependence, developing phosphor adhesion methods, developing phase-based data acquisition approaches. A significant advance is that light-emitting diodes can now be used to provide adequate stimulation of fluorescence in some applications. Recently nanophosphors have become available. The spectral properties and, by implication, thermal dependence of these properties change with particle size. This has ramifications that need to be explored. The ways in which such materials can be exploited for micro- and nano-technology are just now being addressed. These applications and developments mentioned above will be surveyed and discussed as well as envisioned future improvements and new uses for this thermometry technique. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHORS
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - FIBER optics
N1  - Accession Number: 11188676; Allison, S. W. 1 Cates, M. R. 1 Beshears, D. L. 1 Gillies, G. T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center,  Knoxville, TN 37932 USA  2: Department of Physics, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 684 Issue 1, p1033; Subject Term: PHOSPHORS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: FIBER optics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627265
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cates, Michael R.
AU  - Sanders, Alvin J.
AU  - Newby, Jason
T1  - Ultra-High Precision Phosphor Thermometry Near 1100 K.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/29/
VL  - 684
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1039
EP  - 1044
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Studying the fluorescent emission of the dominant 611 nm line from Y2O3:Eu (6.8 %) in the temperature region around 1100 K shows that the decay time changes correspond to changes in temperature with precisions of less than 10 mK. The apparatus used includes fluorescent activation by a 337 nm nitrogen gas laser and gradual cooling of an alumina thermal mass heated in a controlled-temperature furnace. Newton’s cooling law and autocorrelation methods are used in the data analysis. Since the measurement technique involves the temperature response of molecular lattices it can be expected, with improvements of signal analysis and other laboratory refinements, to provide metrological precision and accuracy in the important temperature region above the aluminum freezing point. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - PHOSPHORS
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 11188675; Cates, Michael R. 1 Sanders, Alvin J. 2 Newby, Jason 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: The University of  Tennessee, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 684 Issue 1, p1039; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: PHOSPHORS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627266
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dorf, L.
AU  - Semenov, V.
AU  - Raitses, Y.
T1  - Anode sheath in Hall thrusters.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/29/
VL  - 83
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2551
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A set of hydrodynamic equations is used to describe quasineutral plasma in ionization and acceleration regions of a Hall thruster. The electron distribution function and Poisson equation are invoked for description of a near-anode region. Numerical solutions suggest that steady-state operation of a Hall thruster can be achieved at different anode sheath regimes. It is shown that the anode sheath depends on the thruster operating conditions, namely the discharge voltage and the mass flow rate. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC propulsion
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10894472; Dorf, L. 1 Semenov, V. 1 Raitses, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nizhny Novgorod  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory; Source Info: 9/29/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 13, p2551; Subject Term: ELECTRIC propulsion; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615307
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Senger, R.T.
AU  - Bajaj, K.K.
AU  - Jones, E.D.
AU  - Modine, N.A.
AU  - Waldrip, K.E.
AU  - Jalali, F.
AU  - Klem, J.F.
AU  - Peake, G.M.
AU  - Wei, X.
AU  - Tozer, S.W.
T1  - Magneto-optical properties of GaAsSb/GaAs quantum wells.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/29/
VL  - 83
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2614
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have measured the diamagnetic shift of a heavy-hole exciton in a single 60 Å wide GaAs[sub 0.7]Sb[sub 0.3]/GaAs quantum well as a function of magnetic field up to 32 T at 1.3 K using photoluminescence spectroscopy. The sample was grown on (001)-oriented GaAs substrate using solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. We have calculated the variation of the diamagnetic shift as a function of magnetic field using a variational approach and a free exciton model. We assumed a weak type-I conduction-band lineup in our calculations. We found that the values thus obtained are more than twice as large as the observed values. A similar calculation assuming a complete localization of the heavy hole leads to the values of the diamagnetic shift which agree very well with the experimental data. Our study suggests that the excitons are strongly localized in GaAs[sub 0.7]Sb[sub 0.3]/GaAs quantum well structures at low temperatures, and that this heterostructure has a weak type-I conduction-band lineup. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 10894451; Senger, R.T. 1 Bajaj, K.K. 1 Jones, E.D. 2 Modine, N.A. 2 Waldrip, K.E. 2 Jalali, F. 2 Klem, J.F. 2 Peake, G.M. 2 Wei, X. 3 Tozer, S.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Emory University  2: Sandia National Laboratories  3: Florida State University; Source Info: 9/29/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 13, p2614; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615680
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davalos, Albert R.
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Bloom syndrome cells undergo p53-dependent apoptosis and delayed assembly of BRCA1 and NBS1 repair complexes at stalled seplication forks.
JO  - Journal of Cell Biology
JF  - Journal of Cell Biology
Y1  - 2003/09/29/
VL  - 162
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1197
EP  - 1209
SN  - 00219525
AB  - Demonstrates that the Bloom syndrome (BS) human fibroblasts undergo extensive apoptosis after DNA damage specifically when DNA replication forks are stalled.  Encoding of a DNA helicase thought to participate in genomic maintenance by BLM, the gene defective in BS; Suggestion that BLM is an early responder to damaged replication forks.
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - DNA helicases
N1  - Accession Number: 11105015; Davalos, Albert R. 1 Campisi, Judith 1,2; Email Address: jcampisi@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Science Division  2: Buck Institute for Age Research; Source Info: 9/29/2003, Vol. 162 Issue 7, p1197; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: DNA helicases; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas Jr., C.E.
AU  - Hunt, Martin A.
AU  - Bahm, Tracy M.
AU  - Baylor, Larry R.
AU  - Bingham, Philip R.
AU  - Chidley, Matthew D.
AU  - Xiaolong Dai, Matthew D.
AU  - Delahanty, Robert J.
AU  - El-Khashab, Ayman
AU  - Gilbert, Judd M.
AU  - Goddard, James S.
AU  - Hanson, Gregory R.
AU  - Hickson, Joel D.
AU  - Hylton, Kathy W.
AU  - John, George C.
AU  - Jones, Michael L.
AU  - Mayo, Michael W.
AU  - Marek, Christopher
AU  - Price, John H.
T1  - Direct To Digital Holography For High Aspect Ratio Inspection of Semiconductor Wafers.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 683
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 254
EP  - 270
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Direct to Digital Holography (DDH) has been developed as a semiconductor wafer inspection tool and in particular as a tool for seeing defects in high aspect ratio (HAR) structures on semiconductor wafers and also for seeing partial-height defects. While the tool works very well for general wafer inspection, it has unusual capabilities for high aspect ratio inspection (HARI) and for detecting thin residual film defects (partial height defects). Inspection of HAR structures is rated as one of the highest unmet priorities of the member companies of International SEMATECH, and finding residual thin film defects (in some cases called “stringers”) is also a very difficult challenge. The capabilities that make DDH unusually sensitive include: 1) the capture of the whole wave—both the classical amplitude captured by traditional optical systems, and the phase of the wave, with phase potentially measured to ∼1/1000’th of a wavelength or ∼2 to 3 Angstroms for a deep ultra-violet (DUV) laser; 2) heterodyne detection—this allows it to capture very low signal levels; and 3) a head-on geometry using a collimated laser beam that allows best penetration of HAR structures. The basic features and methods of this patented technology are presented, along with simple calculations of signal strength and expected noise levels for various circumstances. Full-wave numerical calculations of electromagnetic field penetration into HAR contacts and experimental results from various wafer types and structures are also presented. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SCANNING systems
N1  - Accession Number: 10969842; Thomas Jr., C.E. 1 Hunt, Martin A. 1 Bahm, Tracy M. 1 Baylor, Larry R. 2 Bingham, Philip R. 2 Chidley, Matthew D. 2 Xiaolong Dai, Matthew D. 1 Delahanty, Robert J. 1 El-Khashab, Ayman 1 Gilbert, Judd M. 1 Goddard, James S. 2 Hanson, Gregory R. 2 Hickson, Joel D. 1 Hylton, Kathy W. 2 John, George C. 1 Jones, Michael L. 1 Mayo, Michael W. 1 Marek, Christopher 1 Price, John H. 1; Affiliation:  1: nLine Corporation, Austin, TX  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 683 Issue 1, p254; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622480
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Ronald L.
AU  - Tengjiao Hu
AU  - Lin, Eric K.
AU  - Wen-Li Wu
AU  - Casa, Diego M.
AU  - Barclay, George G.
T1  - 3-Dimensional Lineshape Metrology Using Small Angle X-ray Scattering.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 683
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 434
EP  - 438
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The need for sub-nanometer precision metrology of dense patterns for future technology nodes challenges current methods based on light scatterometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We provide results of initial tests of a measurement technique based on small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) capable of rapid measurements of test samples produced using conventional test masks without significant sample preparation. The sub-Angstrom wavelength provides nanometer level resolution, with the possibility of increased precision after further refinement of the technique. SAXS results are shown for a test photoresist grating at a variety of angles, demonstrating an ability to extract information on 3-dimensional pattern shape. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SMALL-angle X-ray scattering
KW  - PHOTORESISTS
KW  - SHAPES
N1  - Accession Number: 10969815; Jones, Ronald L. 1 Tengjiao Hu 1 Lin, Eric K. 1 Wen-Li Wu 1 Casa, Diego M. 2 Barclay, George G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithesburg, MD  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory  3: Shipley Company, Marlborough, MA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 683 Issue 1, p434; Subject Term: SMALL-angle X-ray scattering; Subject Term: PHOTORESISTS; Subject Term: SHAPES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622507
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jablonski, Erin L.
AU  - Lenhart, Joseph L.
AU  - Sambasivan, Sharadha
AU  - Fischer, Daniel A.
AU  - Jones, Ronald L.
AU  - Lin, Eric K.
AU  - Wen-li Wu
AU  - Goldfarb, Dario L.
AU  - Temple, Karen
AU  - Angelopoulos, Marie
AU  - Ito, Hiroshi
T1  - NEXAFS Measurements of the Surface Chemistry of Chemically Amplified Photoresists.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 683
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 443
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy was used to quantify the surface composition profile (top 1 nm to 6 nm) of model chemically amplified photoresists with various photo-acid generators. These materials are prone to interfacial and surface chemical changes that cause deviations in the desired lithographic pattern such as T-topping and closure. If interfacial excess or depletion of the photo-generated acid occurs, either from atmospheric contamination, evaporation, or segregation within the film, the resulting compositional heterogeneity will affect the interfacial photoresist structure, composition, and deprotection kinetics. A significant technical challenge lies in measuring the surface composition and extent of reaction with depth resolution at interfaces. Electron yield NEXAFS allows measurement of the surface chemical composition, particularly for carbon, fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen. When exposed to vacuum ultraviolet x-rays (soft x-rays), the top surface of the material releases electrons that can be measured with a high pass grid analyzer electron yield detector. By varying the negative voltage bias at the entrance grid to the electron yield detector, it is possible to differentiate the kinetic energy of electrons escaping from depths up to 6 nm into the film. This measurement capability becomes increasingly important with the drive towards sub-100 nm lithography. As the photoresist film thickness continually decreases and the interfacial regions dominate the behavior of the material, it is crucial to understand both their physical and chemical nature. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTORESISTS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10969814; Jablonski, Erin L. 1 Lenhart, Joseph L. 2 Sambasivan, Sharadha 1 Fischer, Daniel A. 3 Jones, Ronald L. 1 Lin, Eric K. 1 Wen-li Wu 1 Goldfarb, Dario L. 4 Temple, Karen 4 Angelopoulos, Marie 4 Ito, Hiroshi 5; Affiliation:  1: Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithesburg, MD  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM  3: Ceramics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD  4: IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, NY  5: IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 683 Issue 1, p439; Subject Term: PHOTORESISTS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622508
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider, G.
AU  - Meyer, M.-A.
AU  - Zschech, E.
AU  - Denbeaux, G.
AU  - Neuhäusler, U.
AU  - Guttmann, P.
T1  - In situ X-ray Microscopy Studies of Electromigration in Copper Interconnects.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 683
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 480
EP  - 484
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Real-time X-ray microscopy is applied for degradation studies to understand electromigration-induced transport processes in on-chip copper interconnects. The material transport in inlaid Cu line/via structures is observed with about 40 nm lateral resolution. The image sequences show void formation, migration and nucleation processes. Correlation of the real-time X-ray images with post-mortem SEM micrographs is used to discuss degradation mechanisms in inlaid copper interconnects. Due to the high penetration power of X-rays through matter and its high spatial resolution, X-ray microscopy (XRM) overcomes several limitations of conventional microscopic techniques. It utilizes the natural absorption contrast between the structures of interest, i.e. for on-chip copper interconnects embedded in dielectrics. Due to their different X-ray absorption characteristics at 0.52 keV, even different silicon compounds like Si, SiO2, and Si3N4 can be distinguished in X-ray images of thinned layers as demonstrated. For failure analysis of thicker layers, phase contrast microscopy in the multi-keV photon energy range is proposed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - ELECTRODIFFUSION
KW  - X-ray microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10969808; Schneider, G. 1 Meyer, M.-A. 2 Zschech, E. 2 Denbeaux, G. 3 Neuhäusler, U. 4 Guttmann, P. 5; Affiliation:  1: BESSY m.b.H., Albert-Einstein-Str., Germany  2: AMD Saxony LLC & Co. KG, Materials Analysis Department, Germany  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Center for X-ray Optics, Berkeley, CA  4: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), France  5: Institute for X-ray Physics, Germany; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 683 Issue 1, p480; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: ELECTRODIFFUSION; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622514
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joy, David C.
T1  - Overview of CD-SEM — and beyond.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 683
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 619
EP  - 626
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The CD-SEM, which has been the major tool for critical dimension metrology for the last twenty years, now faces severe challenges to its utility and predominance. The problems that must be solved are outlined, and the possible scenarios for progress are described. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 10969786; Joy, David C. 1; Affiliation:  1: EM Facility, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 683 Issue 1, p619; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622536
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pennycook, S.J.
AU  - Lupini, A.R.
AU  - Borisevich, A.
AU  - Varela, M.
AU  - Peng, Y.
AU  - Nellist, P.D.
AU  - Duscher, G.
AU  - Buczko, R.
AU  - Pantelides, S.T.
T1  - Transmission Electron Microscopy: Overview and Challenges.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 683
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 627
EP  - 633
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We review recent advances in aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy that allow sub-Ångstrom beams to be used for imaging and spectroscopy, with enormous improvement in sensitivity for single atom detection and the investigation of interfacial electronic structure. Comparison is made between the electronic and structural width of gate oxides, with interpretation through first-principles theory. Future developments are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - OXIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 10969785; Pennycook, S.J. 1,2 Lupini, A.R. 1 Borisevich, A. 1 Varela, M. 1 Peng, Y. 1 Nellist, P.D. 3 Duscher, G. 1,4 Buczko, R. 1,2,5 Pantelides, S.T. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University  3: Nion Co., Kirkland WA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University  5: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 683 Issue 1, p627; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: OXIDES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622537
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marohnic, Christopher C.
AU  - Bewley, Maria C.
AU  - Barber, Michael J.
T1  - Engineering and Characterization of a NADPH-Utilizing Cytochrome b[sub 5] Reductase.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 42
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 11170
EP  - 11182
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Microsomal cytochrome b[sub 5] reductase (EC 1.6.2.2) catalyzes the reduction of ferricytochrome b[sub 5] using NADH as the physiological electron donor. Site-directed mutagenesis has been used to engineer the soluble rat cytochrome b[sub 5] reductase diaphorase domain to utilize NADPH as the preferred electron donor. Single and double mutations at residues D239 and F251 were made in a recombinant expression system that corresponded to D239E, S and T, F251R, and Y, D239S/F251R, D239S/F251Y, and D239T/ F251R, respectively. Steady-state turnover measurements indicated that D239S/F251Y was bispecific while D239T, D239S/F251R, and D239T/F251R were each NADPH-specific. Wild-type (WT) cytochrome b[sub 5] reductase showed a 3700-fold preference for NADH whereas the mutant with the highest NADPH efficiency, D239T, showed an 11-fold preference for NADPH, a 39200-fold increase. Wild-type cytochrome b[sub 5] reductase only formed a stable charge-transfer complex with NADH while D239T formed complexes with both NADH and NADPH. The rates of hydride ion transfer, determined by stopped-flow kinetics, were k[sup NADH-WT] = 130 s[sup -1], k[sup NADPH-WT] = 5 S[sup -1], k[sup NADH-D239T] = 180 s[sup -1], and k[sup NADPH-D239T] = 73 s[sup -1] K[sub s] determinations by differential spectroscopy demonstrated that D239T could bind nonreducing pyridine nucleotides with a phosphate or a hydroxyl substituent at the 2' position, whereas wild-type cytochrome b[sub 5] reductase would only bind 2' hydroxylated molecules. Oxidation-reduction potentials (E°', n = 2) for the flavin cofactor were WT = -268 mV, D239T = -272 rev, WT+NAD[sup +] = -190 rev, D239T+NAD[sup +] = -206 Mv, WT+NADP[sup +] = -253 Mv, and D239T+NADP[sup +] = -215 Mv, which demonstrated the thermodynamic contribution of NADP[sup +] binding to D239T. The crystal structures of D239T and D239T in complex with NAD[sup +] indicated that the loss of the negative electrostatic surface that precluded 2' phosphate binding in the wild-type enzyme was primarily responsible for the observed improvement in the use of NADPH by the D239T mutant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROME b
KW  - SITE-specific mutagenesis
KW  - ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 11061044; Marohnic, Christopher C. 1 Bewley, Maria C. 2 Barber, Michael J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 9/30/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 38, p11170; Subject Term: CYTOCHROME b; Subject Term: SITE-specific mutagenesis; Subject Term: ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 23 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - James, Scott C.
AU  - Chrysikopoulos, Constantinos V.
T1  - Analytical solutions for monodisperse and polydisperse colloid transport in uniform fractures
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 226
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 09277757
AB  - Analytical solutions are derived describing the transport of suspensions of monodisperse as well as polydisperse colloid plumes of neutral buoyancy within a fracture with uniform aperture. Various initial and boundary conditions are considered. It is shown that both the finite colloid size and the characteristics of the colloid diameter distribution significantly affect the shape of colloid concentration breakthrough curves. Furthermore, increasing the standard deviation of the colloid diameter enhances colloid spreading and increases the number of attached colloids when colloid–wall interactions are taken into account. Excellent agreement between available experimental data and the analytical solution for the case of an instantaneous release of monodisperse colloids in a natural fracture is observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - PLUMES (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - FILTERS & filtration
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - Analytical solutions
KW  - Effective parameters
KW  - Filtration
KW  - Monodisperse colloids
KW  - Polydisperse colloids
KW  - Uniform fracture
N1  - Accession Number: 11041880; James, Scott C. 1; Email Address: scjames@sandia.gov Chrysikopoulos, Constantinos V. 2; Email Address: costas@eng.uci.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Geohydrology Department, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 0735, USA  2: Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 2175, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 226 Issue 1-3, p101; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: PLUMES (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: FILTERS & filtration; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effective parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filtration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monodisperse colloids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polydisperse colloids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uniform fracture; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-7757(03)00316-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saar, Martin O.
AU  - Manga, Michael
T1  - Seismicity induced by seasonal groundwater recharge at Mt. Hood, Oregon
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 214
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 605
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - Groundwater recharge at Mt. Hood, Oregon, is dominated by spring snow melt which provides a natural large-amplitude and narrow-width pore-fluid pressure signal. Time delays between this seasonal groundwater recharge and seismicity triggered by groundwater recharge can thus be used to estimate large-scale hydraulic diffusivities and the state of stress in the crust. We approximate seasonal variations in groundwater recharge with discharge in runoff-dominated streams at high elevations. We interpolate the time series of number of earthquakes, N, seismic moment, Mo, and stream discharge, Q, and determine cross-correlation coefficients at equivalent frequency bands between Q and both N and Mo. We find statistically significant correlation coefficients at a mean time lag of about 151 days. This time lag and a mean earthquake depth of about 4.5 km are used in the solution to the pressure diffusion equation, under periodic (1 year) boundary conditions, to estimate a hydraulic diffusivity of κ&ap;10−1 m2/s, a hydraulic conductivity of about Kh&ap;10−7 m/s, and a permeability of about k&ap;10−15 m2. Periodic boundary conditions also allow us to determine a critical pore-fluid pressure fraction, P′/P0&ap;0.1, of the applied near-surface pore-fluid pressure perturbation, P0&ap;0.1 MPa, that has to be reached at the mean earthquake depth to cause hydroseismicity. The low magnitude of P′&ap;0.01 MPa is consistent with other studies that propose 0.01≤P′≤0.1 MPa and suggests that the state of stress in the crust near Mt. Hood could be near critical for failure. Therefore, we conclude that, while earthquakes occur throughout the year at Mt. Hood, elevated seismicity levels along pre-existing faults south of Mt. Hood during summer months are hydrologically induced by a reduction in effective stress. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - SEISMOLOGY
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - OREGON
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - earthquake
KW  - effective stress
KW  - groundwater
KW  - hydroseismicity
KW  - permeability
KW  - pore-fluid pressure
KW  - recharge
KW  - stress
KW  - triggering
KW  - volcano
N1  - Accession Number: 10806085; Saar, Martin O. 1,2; Email Address: saar@eps.berkeley.edu Manga, Michael 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 214 Issue 3/4, p605; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: SEISMOLOGY; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: OREGON; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: earthquake; Author-Supplied Keyword: effective stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydroseismicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: pore-fluid pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: recharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering; Author-Supplied Keyword: volcano; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00418-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoyt, J.J.
AU  - Asta, Mark
AU  - Karma, Alain
T1  - Atomistic and continuum modeling of dendritic solidification
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: R
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: R
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 0927796X
AB  - Due to its technological importance, modeling of dendrite growth in pure metals and alloys remains a significant challenge in the field of materials science. In this review recent achievements in the dendrite modeling problem, using two distinct length scale approaches, are summarized. At the nanometer scale, molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo techniques have been developed to extract two important properties of the solid–liquid interface: the kinetic coefficient and the solid–liquid interfacial free energy. Perhaps more importantly the atomistic simulation methods are capable of accurately determining the small, yet crucially important, anisotropies of these parameters. At the mesoscopic scale, advances in phase field modeling have largely overcome the numerical problem associated with the large disparity in length scales typically found in dendrite growth. It is demonstrated that, when the atomistic and continuum level approaches are combined, accurate and parameter free predictions of dendrite growth velocities are possible. In addition, extensions of atomistic and phase field modeling to the case of binary alloys are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: R is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - Dendritic solidification
KW  - Materials science
KW  - Modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 10925623; Hoyt, J.J. 1; Email Address: jjhoyt@sandia.gov Asta, Mark 2 Karma, Alain 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2225 N. Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  3: Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 41 Issue 6, p121; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dendritic solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Materials science; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 43p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-796X(03)00036-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aldous, David
AU  - Percus, Allon G.
T1  - Scaling and universality in continuous length combinatorial optimization.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 100
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 11211
EP  - 11215
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Examines combinatorial optimization problems defined over random ensembles and how solution cost increases when the optimal solution undergoes a small perturbation delta.  Poisson Weighted Infinite Tree; Mean-field minimum matching (MM) and traveling salesman problem (TSP); Euclidean MM and TSP.
KW  - COMBINATORIAL optimization
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11187086; Aldous, David 1 Percus, Allon G. 2; Email Address: percus@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA  2: Computer and Computational Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; Source Info: 9/30/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 20, p11211; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL optimization; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
AU  - Logan, Jean
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Telang, Frank
AU  - Zhu, Wei
AU  - Francheschi, Dinko
AU  - Pappas, Naomi
AU  - Ferrieri, Richard
AU  - Shea, Colleen
AU  - Garza, Victor
AU  - Xu, Youwe
AU  - Schlyer, David
AU  - Gatley, S. John
AU  - Ding, Yu-Shin
AU  - Alexoff, David
AU  - Warner, Donald
AU  - Netusil, Noelwah
AU  - Carter, Pailine
T1  - Low monoamine oxidase B in peripheral organs in smokers.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 100
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 11600
EP  - 11605
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Compares monoamine oxidase (MAO) B in peripheral organs in nonsmokers and smokers by using positron emission tomography and serial scans with the MAO B-specific radiotracers.  Kinetic and statistical analyses; Plasma-to-organ transfer; Deuterium isotope effect.
KW  - MONOAMINE oxidase
KW  - SMOKING
KW  - EMISSION tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 11187154; Fowler, Joanna S. 1,2 Logan, Jean 1 Wang, Gene-Jack 2 Volkow, Nora D. 2 Telang, Frank 2 Zhu, Wei 3 Francheschi, Dinko 2 Pappas, Naomi 2 Ferrieri, Richard 1 Shea, Colleen 1 Garza, Victor 1 Xu, Youwe 1 Schlyer, David 1 Gatley, S. John 2 Ding, Yu-Shin 1 Alexoff, David 1 Warner, Donald 1 Netusil, Noelwah 2 Carter, Pailine 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY  3: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, NY; Source Info: 9/30/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 20, p11600; Subject Term: MONOAMINE oxidase; Subject Term: SMOKING; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozkan, Esra
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Comparison of electrochromic amorphous and crystalline tungsten oxide films
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2003/09/30/
VL  - 79
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
SN  - 09270248
AB  - A detailed systematic study of the tungsten oxide thin films has been carried out using WO3 films after they were annealed at progressively increasing temperatures ranging from 350°C to 450°C in oxygen environments. The structural properties of the films were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The amorphous WO3 films remain as an amorphous phase up to 385°C and begin to crystallize at 390°C and then are completely crystallized at 450°C. Absorption peaks of the films are found to shift to a higher energy side with increasing annealing temperature up to 385°C and then shift abruptly to a lower energy as the films begin to crystallize at 390°C. Deconvolution of the absorption spectra shows that there are two different polaron transitions in the amorphous WO3 films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNGSTEN oxides
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELECTROCHROMIC devices
KW  - Electrochromism
KW  - Thermal evaporation
KW  - Tungsten oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10635507; Ozkan, Esra 1,2; Email Address: ozesra@itu.edu.tr Lee, Se-Hee 1 Tracy, C. Edwin 1 Pitts, J. Roland 1 Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Physics, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 80626, Turkey; Source Info: Sep2003, Vol. 79 Issue 4, p439; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN oxides; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELECTROCHROMIC devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten oxide; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0248(03)00019-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perbandt, Markus
AU  - Tsai, Inn-Ho
AU  - Fuchs, Annemarie
AU  - Banumathi, Sankaran
AU  - Rajashankar, Kanagalaghata R.
AU  - Georgieva, Dessislava
AU  - Kalkura, Narayana
AU  - Singh, Tej P.
AU  - Genov, Nicolay
AU  - Betzel, Christian
T1  - Structure of the heterodimeric neurotoxic complex viperotoxin F (RV-4/-7) from the venom of Vipera russelli formosensis at 1.9 Å resolution.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 59
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1679
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The presynaptic viperotoxin F is the major lethal component of the venom of Viper a russelli formosensis (Taiwan viper). It is a heterodimer of two highly homologous (6% identity) but oppositely charged subunits: a basic and neurotoxic PLA[SUB2] (RV-4) and an acidic non-toxic component with a very low enzymatic activity (RV-7). The crystal structure of the complex has been determined by molecular replacement and refined to 1.9 Å resolution and R factor of 22.3% with four RV-4/RV-7 complexes in the asymmetric unit, which do not exhibit any local point-group symmetry. The complex formation decreases the accessible surface area of the two subunits by ∼ 1425 Å [SUP2]. Both PLA[SUB2]s are predicted to have very low, if any, anticoagulant activity. The structure of viperotoxin F is compared with that of the heterodimeric neurotoxin vipoxin from the venom of another viper, V. Ammodytes meridionalis. The structural basis for the differences between the pharmacological activities of the two toxins is discussed. The neutralization of the negative charge of the major ligand for Ca[SUP2+], Asp49, by intersubunit salt bridges is probably a common mechanism of self-stabilization of heterodimeric Viperinae snake-venom neurotoxins in the absence of bound calcium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VENOM
KW  - POISONOUS snakes
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - PHARMACOLOGY
KW  - TOXINS
KW  - PRESYNAPTIC receptors
KW  - ENZYMATIC analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11070937; Perbandt, Markus 1 Tsai, Inn-Ho 2 Fuchs, Annemarie 1 Banumathi, Sankaran 3 Rajashankar, Kanagalaghata R. 3 Georgieva, Dessislava 1 Kalkura, Narayana 1 Singh, Tej P. 4 Genov, Nicolay 5 Betzel, Christian 1; Email Address: betzel@unisgil.desy.de; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, c/o DESY, Building 22a, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany.  2: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, PO Box 23-106, Taipei, Taiwan.  3: National Cancer Institute, Frederick and Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York 11973, USA.  4: Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.  5: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 'Acad, G. Bonchev's Str. Bl. 9, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 59 Issue 10, p1679; Subject Term: VENOM; Subject Term: POISONOUS snakes; Subject Term: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject Term: PHARMACOLOGY; Subject Term: TOXINS; Subject Term: PRESYNAPTIC receptors; Subject Term: ENZYMATIC analysis; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soares, Alexei S.
AU  - Caspar, Donald L. D.
AU  - Weckert, Edgar
AU  - Héroux, Annie
AU  - Hözer, Kerstin
AU  - Schroer, Klaus
AU  - Zellner, Johannes
AU  - Schneider, Dieter
AU  - Nolan, William
AU  - Sweet, Robert M.
T1  - Three-beam interference is a sensitive measure of the efficacy of macromolecular refinement techniques.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 59
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1716
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Triplet phases recorded from insulin crystals were used to measure the improvement of phases during model refinement and to quantify the contribution made by each step in the refinement. Conventional amplitude data were recorded to 1.5 Å resolution from rhombothedral pig insulin crystals using 1.54 Å Cu Kα radiation. An initial atomic model and starting phases were obtained from a published structure and the atomic model was refined against the amplitude data using CNS. The refined phases were compared with 800 triplet phases that were measured from similar crystals using a three-beam interference technique and 1.1 Å wavelength synchrotron radiation. The solvent region was improved further using a novel density-modification procedure. Calculated triplet phases were obtained from the model after each step in the refinement and were compared with the recorded triplet phases. The average difference between the recorded triplet phases and the calculated triplet phases was used as an unbiased measure of the correctness of the model at each stage in the refinement. The average individual phase error was estimated from discrepancies from triplet phases after each refinement step. Conventional atomic refinement of an approximate starting model reduced the average individual phase error from 21.6 to 14.7°. Improvement of the solvent region, including the difference-map flattening procedure, reduced the individual phase error by a further 2.6° Modeling the discrete disorder of four amino acids accounted for an additional 0.5° improvement and the final individual phase error was 11.6°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - INSULIN
KW  - OPTICAL interference
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 11070940; Soares, Alexei S. 1 Caspar, Donald L. D. 2 Weckert, Edgar 3 Héroux, Annie 1 Hözer, Kerstin 1 Schroer, Klaus 1 Zellner, Johannes 3 Schneider, Dieter 1 Nolan, William 1 Sweet, Robert M. 1; Email Address: sweet@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  2: Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.  3: HASYLAB at DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 59 Issue 10, p1716; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: INSULIN; Subject Term: OPTICAL interference; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogawa, Haruo
AU  - Xiaolun Zhang
AU  - Yue Qiu, Haruo
AU  - Ogata, Craig M.
AU  - Misono, Kunio S.
T1  - Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptor extracellular domain complex with ANP: use of ammonium sulfate as the cryosalt.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 59
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1831
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plays a major role in blood pressure and volume regulation owing to its natriuretic and vasodilatory activities. The ANP receptor is a single-span transmembrane receptor coupled to its intrinsic guanylyl cyclase activity. The extracellular hormone-binding domain of rat ANP receptor (ANPR) was overexpressed by permanent transfection in CHO cells and purified. ANPR complexed with ANP was rystallized at 301 K by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method. The crystals were frozen in 3.4 M ammonium sulfate used as a cryoprotectant. The crystals diffracted to 3.1 Å resolution using synchrotron radiation and belonged to the hexagonal space group P6[SUB1], with unit-cell parameters a = b = 100.3, c = 258.6 Å. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATRIAL natriuretic peptides
KW  - BLOOD pressure -- Regulation
KW  - VASODILATION
KW  - RECEPTOR antibodies
KW  - AMMONIUM compounds
KW  - GUANYLATE cyclase
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11070960; Ogawa, Haruo 1 Xiaolun Zhang 1 Yue Qiu, Haruo 1 Ogata, Craig M. 2 Misono, Kunio S. 1; Email Address: misonok@ccf.org; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, II 60439, USA.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 59 Issue 10, p1831; Subject Term: ATRIAL natriuretic peptides; Subject Term: BLOOD pressure -- Regulation; Subject Term: VASODILATION; Subject Term: RECEPTOR antibodies; Subject Term: AMMONIUM compounds; Subject Term: GUANYLATE cyclase; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maxwell, Reed M.
AU  - Welty, Claire
AU  - Tompson, Andrew F.B.
T1  - Streamline-based simulation of virus transport resulting from long term artificial recharge in a heterogeneous aquifer
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 26
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1075
SN  - 03091708
AB  - The likelihood for viruses, protozoan oocysts, and other human pathogens to enter groundwater, and in particular, sensitive or vulnerable water supplies, has increased as the numbers of anthropogenic sources such as septic systems, leaking sewers, animal farming operations, and artificial recharge of treated wastewater have proliferated. In this paper, we utilize a detailed numerical model of groundwater flow in a region encompassing a large artificial groundwater recharge operation in Orange County, California to evaluate the potential for transport of viruses and protozoan oocysts in such a system, as dictated by a transport model that includes colloid filtration and microbial inactivation components. The purpose of the model is not oriented towards the analysis of any perceived or real microbial contamination, but rather is directed at understanding the influence of aquifer heterogeneity within the modeled system. The transport model is based upon a novel representation of geologic heterogeneity, a high-resolution flow simulator, and an efficient streamline-based transport algorithm. Example virus transport simulations illustrate a large degree of variability in virus breakthrough across water supply pumping wells, with shallower wells providing less than two orders of magnitude of virus removal, and deeper wells indicating many orders of magnitude of virus removal. Simulation results also show variability among pathogens modeled, with Cryptosporidium parvum filtered to a much greater degree than other pathogens. Comparison to transport of an abiotic colloid and a conservative chemical tracer are provided to illustrate the influence of filtration and inactivation on the transport process. The results emphasize the need for improved microbial transport models in realistic aquifer systems, more reliable virus characterization methods and monitoring networks, and their ultimate integration into a broader epidemiological and regulatory framework for aquifer management. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
KW  - WATER
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - Artificial aquifer recharge
KW  - Colloid transport
KW  - Geologic heterogeneity
KW  - Streamline numerical methods
KW  - Virus transport
N1  - Accession Number: 10805841; Maxwell, Reed M. 1; Email Address: maxwell5@llnl.gov Welty, Claire 2; Email Address: weltyc@drexel.edu Tompson, Andrew F.B. 1; Email Address: afbt@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Science Division, L-208, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 26 Issue 10, p1075; Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Artificial aquifer recharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colloid transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geologic heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Streamline numerical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Virus transport; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00074-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klepeis, Neil E.
AU  - Apte, Michael G.
AU  - Gundel, Lara A.
AU  - Sextro, Richard G.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W.
T1  - Determining Size-Specific Emission Factors for Environmental Tobacco Smoke Particles.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 37
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 780
EP  - 790
SN  - 02786826
AB  - Because size is a major controlling factor for indoor airborne particle behavior, human particle exposure assessments will benefit from improved knowledge of size-specific particle emissions. We report a method of inferring size-specific mass emission factors for indoor sources that makes use of an indoor aerosol dynamics model, measured particle concentration time series data, and an optimization routine. This approach provides--in addition to estimates of the emissions size distribution and integrated emission factors--estimates of deposition rate, an enhanced understanding of particle dynamics, and information about model performance. We applied the method to size-specific environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) particle concentrations measured every minute with an 8-channel optical particle counter (PMS-LASAIR; 0.1-2+ µm diameters) and every 10 or 30 min with a 34-channel differential mobility particle sizer (TSI-DMPS; 0.01-1+ µm diameters) after a single cigarette or cigar was machine-smoked inside a low air-exchange-rate 20 m3 chamber. The aerosol dynamics model provided good fits to observed concentrations when using optimized values of mass emission rate and deposition rate for each particle size range as input. Small discrepancies observed in the first 1-2 h after smoking are likely due to the effect of particle evaporation, a process neglected by the model. Size-specific ETS particle emission factors were fit with log-normal distributions, yielding an average mass median diameter of 0.2 µm and an average geometric standard deviation of 2.3 with no systematic differences between cigars and cigarettes. The equivalent total particle emission rate, obtained by integrating each size distribution, was 0.2-0.7 mg/min for cigars and 0.7-0.9 mg/min for cigarettes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - TOBACCO smoke
KW  - AIR pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 51667647; Klepeis, Neil E. 1,2; Email Address: nklepeis@uclink.berkeley.edu Apte, Michael G. 2 Gundel, Lara A. 2 Sextro, Richard G. 2 Nazaroff, William W. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California  2: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  3: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 37 Issue 10, p780; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: TOBACCO smoke; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roy, Christopher J.
AU  - McWherter-Payne, Mary A.
AU  - Oberkampf, William L.
T1  - Verification and Validation for Laminar Hypersonic Flowfields, Part 1: Verification.
JO  - AIAA Journal
JF  - AIAA Journal
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 41
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1934
EP  - 1943
SN  - 00011452
AB  - Numerical simulations are performed for Mach 8 laminar flow of a calorically perfect gas over a spherically blunted cone. Code verification calculations are conducted to provide confidence that there are no coding mistakes and include comparisons to highly accurate inviscid benchmark solutions as well as code-to-code comparisons. Special attention is paid to the numerical accuracy of the solutions by carefully monitoring iterative convergence errors and by conducting an extensive grid convergence study. Nonmonotonic convergence of the surface pressure and drag are observed with mesh refinement. The source of this nonmonotonicity is explored in detail. The standard method for determining the spatial order of accuracy is shown to be inadequate for the numerical algorithm employed, and an alternative method is proposed. The overall discretization error of the fine grid surface pressure distributions is estimated to be below 0.4%, with the maximum errors found at the sphere-cone tangency point. With the accuracies demonstrated, it is recommended that the present computations can be used as a numerical benchmark solution for code verification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIAA Journal is the property of American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAMINAR flow
KW  - HYPERSONIC aerodynamics
KW  - MACH number
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
N1  - Accession Number: 11067900; Roy, Christopher J. 1,2; Email Address: cjroy@eng.auburn.edu McWherter-Payne, Mary A. 1 Oberkampf, William L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico  2: Department of Aerospace Engineering, Auburn University, AL; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 41 Issue 10, p1934; Subject Term: LAMINAR flow; Subject Term: HYPERSONIC aerodynamics; Subject Term: MACH number; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roy, Christopher J.
AU  - Oberkampf, William L.
AU  - McWherter-Payne, Mary A.
T1  - Verification and Validation for Laminar Hypersonic Flowfields, Part 2: Validation.
JO  - AIAA Journal
JF  - AIAA Journal
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 41
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1944
EP  - 1954
SN  - 00011452
AB  - A validation methodology is applied to the laminar Mach 8 flow over a spherically blunted cone. Validation of the overall computational model is performed via surface pressure comparisons with experimental data. Careful attention is paid to the submodels in the computational simulations and the assumptions in the experimental data analysis. The computational submodels for molecular viscosity and thermal conductivity are validated by comparisons to experimental data, whereas the vibrational nonequilibrium submodel is validated by comparing to published results using the vibrational master equation. The thermodynamic state of the hypersonic wind-tunnel nozzle is examined, and arguments are made for the presence of a significant amount of vibrational nonequilibrium in the tunnel. After extensive investigation, a 1.4% error was discovered in the freestream static pressure originally reported in the experiment. Accounting for this error, along with the experimental uncertainty and estimated numerical error, agreement was found for surface pressure within 1.5%. The remaining errors are likely due to flowfield nonuniformities in the tunnel, which are estimated using tunnel pitot calibration data and the method of characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIAA Journal is the property of American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAMINAR flow
KW  - HYPERSONIC aerodynamics
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11067901; Roy, Christopher J. 1,2; Email Address: cjroy@eng.auburn.edu Oberkampf, William L. 1 McWherter-Payne, Mary A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico  2: Department of Aerospace Engineering, Auburn University, AL; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 41 Issue 10, p1944; Subject Term: LAMINAR flow; Subject Term: HYPERSONIC aerodynamics; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glaser, Rivka L.
AU  - Broman, Karl W.
AU  - Schulman, Rebecca L.
AU  - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Wyrobek, Andrew J.
AU  - Jabs, Ethylin Wang
T1  - The Paternal-Age Effect in Apert Syndrome Is Due, in Part, to the Increased Frequency of Mutations in Sperm.
JO  - American Journal of Human Genetics
JF  - American Journal of Human Genetics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 73
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 939
SN  - 00029297
AB  - A paternal-age effect and the exclusive paternal origin of mutations have been reported in Apert syndrome (AS). As the incidence of sporadic AS births increases exponentially with paternal age, we hypothesized that the frequency of AS mutations in sperm would also increase. To determine the frequency of two common FGFR2 mutations in AS, we developed allele-specific peptide nucleic acid-PCR assays. Analyzing sperm DNA from 148 men, age 21- 80 years, we showed that the number of sperm with mutations increased in the oldest age groups among men who did not have a child with AS. These older men were also more likely to have both mutations in their sperm. However, this age-related increase in mutation frequency was not sufficient to explain the AS-birth frequency. In contrast, the mutation frequency observed in men who were younger and had children with AS was significantly greater. In addition, our data suggest selection for sperm with specific mutations. Therefore, contributing factors to the paternal-age effect may include selection and a higher number of mutant sperm in a subset of men ascertained because they had a child with AS. No age-related increase in the frequency of these mutations was observed in leukocytes. Selection and/or quality-control mechanisms, including DNA repair and apoptosis, may contribute to the cell-type differences in mutation frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - AGING parents
KW  - APERT syndrome
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - SPERMATOZOA
N1  - Accession Number: 11076101; Glaser, Rivka L. 1 Broman, Karl W. 2 Schulman, Rebecca L. 1 Eskenazi, Brenda 3 Wyrobek, Andrew J. 4 Jabs, Ethylin Wang 1; Email Address: ejabs1@jhem.jhmi.edu; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Genetic Medicine, Center for Craniofacial Development and Disorders, Department of Pediatrics.  2: Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.  3: Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley.  4: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 73 Issue 4, p939; Subject Term: AGING parents; Subject Term: APERT syndrome; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: SPERMATOZOA; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanati, Mahdi
AU  - Saxena, Avadh
T1  - Landau theory of domain walls for one-dimensional asymmetric potentials.
JO  - American Journal of Physics
JF  - American Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 71
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1012
SN  - 00029505
AB  - Investigation of a great number of physical systems shows that a Landau free energy of the form F(φ) = H φ + (A/2) φ² + ( B/3) φ³ + ( C/4) φ[sup 4] describes a first-order phase transition in an internal or external field H. To study the formation of static domain walls in these systems we include a spatial gradient (Ginzburg) term of the scalar order parameter φ. From the variational derivative of the total free energy we obtain a static equilibrium condition. By solving this equation exactly for different physical parameters and boundary conditions, we obtained different quasi-one-dimensional soliton-like solutions. These solutions correspond to three different types of domain walls between the two different phases which are created in the system. In addition, we obtain soliton lattice (domain wall array solutions, calculate their formation energy and the asymptotic interaction between the solitons. By introducing certain transformations, we show that the solutions obtained here can be used to study domain walls in other physical systems such as described by asymmetric double Morse potentials. Finally, we apply our results to the specific cases of liquid crystals and the jam phenomena in traffic flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Physics is the property of American Association of Physics Teachers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - POTENTIAL theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11026575; Sanati, Mahdi 1 Saxena, Avadh 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Texas Tech University  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 71 Issue 10, p1005; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: POTENTIAL theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krueger, B. J.
AU  - Grassian, V. H.
AU  - Ledema, M. J.
AU  - Cowin, J. P.
AU  - Laskin, A.
T1  - Probing Heterogeneous Chemistry of Individual Atmospheric Particles Using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5170
EP  - 5179
SN  - 00032700
AB  - In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of single-particle analysis to investigate the chemistry of isolated, individual particles of atmospheric relevance such as NaCl, sca salt, CaCO[SUB3], and SiO[SUB2]. A variety of state-of-the-art scanning electron microscopy techniques, including environmental scanning electron microscopy and computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, were utilized for monitoring and quantifying phase transitions of individual particles, morphology, and compositional changes of individual particles as they react with nitric acid. Clear differences in reaction mechanisms were observed between SiO[SUB2], CaCO[SUB3], NaCl, and sea salt particles. SiO[SUB2] particles exposed to HNO[SUB3] showed no change, indicating that the reaction of SiO[SUB2] particles is limited to the particle surface and would not involve bulk atoms in its reactivity. Calcium carbonate was seen to convert to aqueous calcium nitrate droplets while sodium chloride formed micro crystallites of sodium nitrate on top of the particle. Sea salt particles showed morphology changes that could be described as a combination of these as both spherical droplets and micro crystallites were observed. This is consistent with the multicomponent composition of sea salt. Further differences were found in the reaction rates for sea salt and sodium chloride with nitric acid. Sea salt yielded a significant increase in reactivity when compared to the NaC1 particles under similar conditions. The reaction of nitric acid with calcium carbonate was found to be strongly enhanced at higher relative humidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - WINDOWLESS energy-dispersive X-ray analysis
KW  - SEA salt
N1  - Accession Number: 11425109; Krueger, B. J. 1 Grassian, V. H. 1; Email Address: vickigrassian@uiowa.edu; Ledema, M. J. 2 Cowin, J. P. 2 Laskin, A. 2; Email Address: Alexander.Laskin@pnl.gov.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa city, Iowa 52242.  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 19, p5170; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: WINDOWLESS energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; Subject Term: SEA salt; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Robert T.
AU  - Vrionis, Helen A.
AU  - Ortiz-Bernad, Irene
AU  - Resch, Charles T.
AU  - Long, Philip E.
AU  - Dayvault, Richard
AU  - Karp, Ken
AU  - Marutzky, Sam
AU  - Metzler, Donald R.
AU  - Peacock, Aaron
AU  - White, David C.
AU  - Lowe, Mary
AU  - Lovley, Derek R.
T1  - Stimulating the In Situ Activity of Geobacter Species To Remove Uranium from the Groundwater of a Uranium-Contaminated Aquifer.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 69
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5884
EP  - 5891
SN  - 00992240
AB  - The potential for removing uranium from contaminated groundwater by stimulating the in situ activity of dissimilatory metal-reducing microorganisms was evaluated in a uranium-contaminated aquifer located in Rifle, Colo. Acetate (1 to 3 mM) was injected into the subsurface over a 3-month period via an injection gallery composed of 20 injection wells, which was installed upgradient from a series of 15 monitoring wells. U(VI) concentrations decreased in as little as 9 days after acetate injection was initiated, and within 50 days uranium had declined below the prescribed treatment level of 0.18 µM in some of the monitoring wells. Analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences and phospholipid fatty acid profiles demonstrated that the initial loss of uranium from the groundwater was associated with an enrichment of Geobacter species in the treatment zone. Fe(II) in the groundwater also increased during this period, suggesting that U(VI) reduction was coincident with Fe(III) reduction. As the acetate injection continued over 50 days there was a loss of sulfate from the groundwater and an accumulation of sulfide and the composition of the microbial community changed. Organisms with 16S rDNA sequences most closely related to those of sulfate reducers became predominant, and Geobacter species became a minor component of the community. This apparent switch from Fe(III) reduction to sulfate reduction as the terminal electron accepting process for the oxidation of the injected acetate was associated with an increase in uranium concentration in the groundwater. These results demonstrate that in situ bioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater is feasible but suggest that the strategy should be optimized to better maintain long-term activity of Geobacter species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - RADIOACTIVE pollution of water
KW  - IN situ bioremediation
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - AQUIFERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11274409; Anderson, Robert T. 1; Email Address: rtanders@microbio.umass.edu Vrionis, Helen A. 1 Ortiz-Bernad, Irene 1 Resch, Charles T. 2 Long, Philip E. 2 Dayvault, Richard 3 Karp, Ken 4 Marutzky, Sam 3 Metzler, Donald R. 5 Peacock, Aaron 6 White, David C. 7 Lowe, Mary 8 Lovley, Derek R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richaland, Washington  3: S.M. Stoller Corporation, Lafayette, Colorado  4: MFG, Inc., Boulder, Colorado  5: U.S. Department of Energy, Grand Junction, Colorado  6: Microbial Insights, Rockford, Tennessee  7: Center for Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  8: Department of Physics, Loyola College, Baltimore, Maryland; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 69 Issue 10, p5884; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE pollution of water; Subject Term: IN situ bioremediation; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eschenfeldt, William H.
AU  - Yeyan Zhang, William H.
AU  - Hend Samaha, William H.
AU  - Stols, Lucy
AU  - Eirich, L. Dudley
AU  - Wilson, C. Ronald
AU  - Donnelly, Mark I.
T1  - Transformation of Fatty Acids Catalyzed by Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Enzymes of Candida tropicalis.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 69
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5992
EP  - 5999
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Candida tropicalis ATCC 20336 can grow on fatty acids or alkanes as its sole source of carbon and energy, but strains blocked in β-oxidation convert these substrates to long-chain α,ω-dicarboxylic acids (diacids), compounds of potential commercial value (Picataggio et al., Biotechnology 10:894-898, 1992). The initial step in the formation of these diacids, which is thought to be rate limiting, is ω-hydroxylation by a cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenase. C. tropicalis ATCC 20336 contains a family of CYP genes, and when ATCC 20336 or its derivatives are exposed to oleic acid (C[sup 18:1]), two cytochrome P450s, CYP52A13 and CYP52A17, are consistently strongly induced (Craft et al., this issue). To determine the relative activity of each of these enzymes and their contribution to diacid formation, both cytochrome P450s were expressed separately in insect cells in conjunction with the C. tropicalis cytochrome P450 reductase (NCP). Microsomes prepared from these cells were analyzed for their ability to oxidize fatty acids. CYP52A13 preferentially oxidized oleic acid and other unsaturated acids to ω-hydroxy acids. CYP52A17 also oxidized oleic acid efficiently but converted shorter, saturated fatty acids such as myristic acid (C[sub 14.0]) much more effectively. Both enzymes, in particular CYP52A17, also oxidized ω-hydroxy fatty acids, ultimately generating the α,ω-diacid. Consideration of these different specificities and selectivities will help determine which enzymes to amplify in strains blocked for β-oxidation to enhance the production of dicarboxylic acids. The activity spectrum also identified other potential oxidation targets for commercial development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - CANDIDA tropicalis
KW  - CYTOCHROME P-450
KW  - MONOOXYGENASES
KW  - MICROSOMES
N1  - Accession Number: 11274423; Eschenfeldt, William H. 1 Yeyan Zhang, William H. 2 Hend Samaha, William H. 1 Stols, Lucy 1 Eirich, L. Dudley 2 Wilson, C. Ronald 2 Donnelly, Mark I. 1; Email Address: mdonnelly@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Biotechnology Group, Cognis Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 69 Issue 10, p5992; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Subject Term: CANDIDA tropicalis; Subject Term: CYTOCHROME P-450; Subject Term: MONOOXYGENASES; Subject Term: MICROSOMES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xueduan Liu
AU  - Bagwell, Christopher E.
AU  - Liyou Wu
AU  - Devol, Allan H.
AU  - Jizhong Zhou
T1  - Molecular Diversity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria from Two Different Continental Margin Habitats.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 69
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 6073
EP  - 6081
SN  - 00992240
AB  - This study examined the natural diversity and distributions of sulfate-reducing bacteria along a natural carbon gradient extending down the shelf-slope transition zone of the eastern Pacific continental margin. Dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase gene sequences (dsrAB) were PCR amplified and cloned from five different sampling sites, each at a discrete depth, from two different margin systems, one off the Pacific coast of Mexico and another off the coast of Washington State. A total of 1,762 clones were recovered and evaluated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The majority of the gene sequences recovered showed site and depth restricted distributions; however, a limited number of gene sequences were widely distributed within and between the margin systems. Cluster analysis identified 175 unique RFLP patterns, and nucleotide sequences were determined for corresponding clones. Several different continental margin DsrA sequences clustered with those from formally characterized taxa belonging to the delta subdivision of the class Proteobacteria (Desulfobulbus propionicus, Desulfosarcina variabilis) and the Bacillus-Clostridium (Desulfotomaculum putei) divisions, although the majority of the recovered sequences were phylogenetically divergent relative to all of the other DsrA sequences available for comparison. This study revealed extensive new genetic diversity among sulfate-reducing bacteria in continental margin sedimentary habitats, which appears to be tightly coupled to slope depth, specifically carbon bioavailability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - AMINO acid sequence
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 11274433; Xueduan Liu 1,2 Bagwell, Christopher E. 1 Liyou Wu 1 Devol, Allan H. 3 Jizhong Zhou 1; Email Address: zhouJ@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Department of Plant Pathology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China  3: School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 69 Issue 10, p6073; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: AMINO acid sequence; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G.L.
T1  - Work and disproportionation for aqueous plutonium
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 59
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 09698043
AB  - The relation of two plutonium work integrals has recently been illustrated. One of the integrals applies to the work of disproportionation of tetravalent plutonium in 1 M acid and the other to the work of oxidation of plutonium from the trivalent to a higher oxidation state. This paper generalizes the disproportionation work integral so that it can be applied to tetravalent plutonium at any acid concentration. An equation is provided that can be used to verify work estimations obtained by integration. It applies to oxidation and disproportionation processes and it is easy to use. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - Balanced equations
KW  - Disproportionation
KW  - Free energy
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Work
N1  - Accession Number: 10923620; Silver, G.L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory,<fn id="fn1">Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36.</fn> P.O. Box 1663, MS E500, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 59 Issue 4, p217; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Balanced equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disproportionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Work; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-8043(03)00171-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCarthy, J.F.
AU  - Burrus, L.W.
AU  - Tolbert, V.R.
T1  - Bioaccumulation of Benzo(a)pyrene from Sediment by Fathead Minnows: Effects of Organic Content, Resuspension and Metabolism.
JO  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 364
EP  - 370
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00904341
AB  - Examines the accumulation of [sup 14]C-benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) sorbed to sediment in fathead minnows to compare uptake from sediment with a high organic carbon (OC) content to that with a low OC content.  Dissolution of significantly greater quantities of BaP in water over low-OC sediment; Fish's ingestion of more of the low-OC sediment than high-OC sediment; Total flux of BaP into the fish.
KW  - Benzopyrene
KW  - Fathead minnow
KW  - Marine sediments
KW  - Environmental toxicology
N1  - Accession Number: 11407739; McCarthy, J.F. 1; Email Address: jmccart1@utk.edu; Burrus, L.W. 2; Tolbert, V.R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee; 2: Department of Developmental Biology, San Francisco State University; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p364; Thesaurus Term: Benzopyrene; Thesaurus Term: Fathead minnow; Thesaurus Term: Marine sediments; Thesaurus Term: Environmental toxicology; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tolan, Dean R.
AU  - Schuler, Benjamin
AU  - Beernink, Peter T.
AU  - Jaenicke, Rainer
T1  - Thermodynamic Analysis of the Dissociation of the Aldolase Tetramer Substituted at One or Both of the Subunit Interfaces.
JO  - Biological Chemistry
JF  - Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct/Nov2003
VL  - 384
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1463
EP  - 1471
SN  - 14316730
AB  - The fructose-1,6-bis(phosphate) aldolase isologous tetramer tightly associates through two different sub-unit interfaces defined by its 222 symmetry. Both single- and double-interfacial mutant aldolases have a destabilized quaternary structure, but there is little effect on the catalytic activity. These enzymes are however thermolabile. This study demonstrates the temperature-dependent dissociation of the mutant enzymes and determines the dissociation free energies of both mutant and native aldolase. Subunit dissociation is measured by sedimentation equilibrium in the analytical ultracentrifuge. At 25°C the tetramer-dimer dissociation constants for each single-mutant enzyme are similar, about 10[sup-6] M. For the double-mutant enzyme, sedimentation velocity experiments on sucrose density gradients support a tetramer-monomer equilibrium. Furthermore, sedimentation equilibrium experiments determined a dissociation constant of 10[sup-15] M³ for the double-mutant enzyme. By the same methods the upper limit for the dissociation constant of wild-type aldolase A is approximately 10[sup-28] M³, which indicates an extremely stable tetramer. The thermodynamic values describing monomer-tetramer and dimer-tetramer equilibria are analyzed with regard to possible cooperative interaction between the two subunit interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biological Chemistry is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRUCTOSE
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - TETRAMERS (Oligomers)
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ULTRACENTRIFUGATION
KW  - Analytical ultracentrifugation
KW  - Dissociation constant
KW  - Protein stability
KW  - Quaternary structure
KW  - Site-directed mutagenesis
N1  - Accession Number: 11360840; Tolan, Dean R. 1,2 Schuler, Benjamin 2,3 Beernink, Peter T. 1,4 Jaenicke, Rainer 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Boston University, 5 Cummington St., Boston, MA 02215, USA  2: Institut für Biophysik und Physikalische Biochemie, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany  3: Universität Potsdam, Physikalische Biochemie, 24-25 Karl-Liebknecht-Str., D-14476 Golm, Germany  4: Molecular Biophysics Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-448, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct/Nov2003, Vol. 384 Issue 10/11, p1463; Subject Term: FRUCTOSE; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: TETRAMERS (Oligomers); Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ULTRACENTRIFUGATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical ultracentrifugation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissociation constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quaternary structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site-directed mutagenesis; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewandowski, Iris
AU  - Scurlock, Jonathan M.O.
AU  - Lindvall, Eva
AU  - Christou, Myrsini
T1  - The development and current status of perennial rhizomatous grasses as energy crops in the US and Europe
JO  - Biomass & Bioenergy
JF  - Biomass & Bioenergy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
SN  - 09619534
AB  - Perennial grasses display many beneficial attributes as energy crops, and there has been increasing interest in their use in the US and Europe since the mid-1980s. In the US, the Herbaceous Energy Crops Research Program (HECP), funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE), was established in 1984. After evaluating 35 potential herbaceous crops of which 18 were perennial grasses it was concluded that switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) was the native perennial grass which showed the greatest potential. In 1991, the DOE''s Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program (BFDP), which evolved from the HECP, decided to focus research on a “model” crop system and to concentrate research resources on switchgrass, in order to rapidly attain its maximal output as a biomass crop. In Europe, about 20 perennial grasses have been tested and four perennial rhizomatous grasses (PRG), namely miscanthus (Miscanthus spp.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea), giant reed (Arundo donax) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) were chosen for more extensive research programs. Reed canarygrass and giant reed are grasses with the <f>C3</f> photosynthetic pathway, and are native to Europe. Miscanthus, which originated in Southeast Asia, and switchgrass, native to North America, are both <f>C4</f> grasses. These four grasses differ in their ecological/climatic demands, their yield potentials, biomass characteristics and crop management requirements. Efficient production of bioenergy from such perennial grasses requires the choice of the most appropriate grass species for the given ecological/climatic conditions. In temperate and warm regions, <f>C4</f> grasses outyield <f>C3</f> grasses due to their more efficient photosynthetic pathway. However, the further north perennial grasses are planted, the more likely cool season grasses are to yield more than warm season grasses. Low winter temperatures and short vegetation periods are major limits to the growth of <f>C4</f> grasses in northern Europe. With increasing temperatures towards central and southern Europe, the productivity of <f>C4</f> grasses and therefore their biomass yields and competitiveness increase.Since breeding of and research on perennial rhizomatous grasses (PRG) is comparatively recent, there is still a significant need for further development. Some of the given limitations, like insufficient biomass quality or the need for adaption to certain ecological/climatic zones, may be overcome by breeding varieties especially for biomass production. Furthermore, sure and cost-effective establishment methods for some of the grasses, and effective crop production and harvest methods, have yet to be developed.This review summarizes the experience with selecting perennial grasses for bioenergy production in both the US and Europe, and gives an overview of the characteristics and requirements of the four most investigated perennial rhizomatous grasses; switchgrass, miscanthus, reed canarygrass and giant reed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomass & Bioenergy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRASSES
KW  - BIOMASS energy
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - EUROPE
KW  - Bioenergy
KW  - Giant reed
KW  - Miscanthus
KW  - Perennial rhizomatous grasses
KW  - Reed canarygrass
KW  - Switchgrass
N1  - Accession Number: 10355123; Lewandowski, Iris 1; Email Address: i.lewandowski@chem.uu.nl Scurlock, Jonathan M.O. 2; Email Address: jscurloc@utk.edu Lindvall, Eva 3; Email Address: eva.lindvall@swseed.se Christou, Myrsini 4; Email Address: mchrist@cres.gr; Affiliation:  1: Department of Science, Technology and Society, Copernicus Institute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Universiteit Utrecht, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Svalöf Weibull AB, Box 4097, 904 03 Umeä, Sweden  4: Center for Renewable Energy Sources (CRES), 19th km. Marathonos Avenue, 190 09 Pikermi-Attikis, Greece; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p335; Subject Term: GRASSES; Subject Term: BIOMASS energy; Subject Term: UNITED States; Subject Term: EUROPE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioenergy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Giant reed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Miscanthus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perennial rhizomatous grasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reed canarygrass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Switchgrass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111940 Hay Farming; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0961-9534(03)00030-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nalla, R.K.
AU  - Kinney, J.H.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Effect of orientation on the in vitro fracture toughness of dentin: the role of toughening mechanisms
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 24
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 3955
SN  - 01429612
AB  - Toughening mechanisms based on the presence of collagen fibrils have long been proposed for mineralized biological tissues like bone and dentin; however, no direct evidence for their precise role has ever been provided. Furthermore, although the anisotropy of mechanical properties of dentin with respect to orientation has been suggested in the literature, accurate measurements to support the effect of orientation on the fracture toughness of dentin are not available. To address these issues, the in vitro fracture toughness of dentin, extracted from elephant tusk, has been characterized using fatigue-precracked compact-tension specimens tested in Hank''s balanced salt solution at ambient temperature, with fracture paths perpendicular and parallel to the tubule orientations (and orientations in between) specifically being evaluated. It was found that the fracture toughness was lower where cracking occurred in the plane of the collagen fibers, as compared to crack paths perpendicular to the fibers. The origins of this effect on the toughness of dentin are discussed primarily in terms of the salient toughening mechanisms active in this material; specifically, the role of crack bridging, both from uncracked ligaments and by individual collagen fibrils, is considered. Estimates for the contributions from each of these mechanisms are provided from theoretical models available in the literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLAGEN
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Collagen
KW  - Dentin
KW  - Fracture toughness
KW  - Orientation
KW  - Toughening mechanisms
KW  - Tubules
N1  - Accession Number: 10118006; Nalla, R.K. 1 Kinney, J.H. 2 Ritchie, R.O. 1; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 24 Issue 22, p3955; Subject Term: COLLAGEN; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dentin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orientation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toughening mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tubules; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00278-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leonhard, K.
AU  - Prausnitz, J.M.
AU  - Radke, C.J.
T1  - 3D-Lattice Monte Carlo simulations of model proteins. Size effects on folding thermodynamics and kinetics
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 106
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
SN  - 03014622
AB  - Recently, we devised an energy scale to vary systematically amino-acid residue–solvent interactions for Monte Carlo simulations of lattice-model proteins in water. For 27-mer proteins, the folding behavior varies appreciably with the choice of interaction parameters. We now perform similar simulations with 64-mers to study the size dependence of the optimal energy parameter set for representing realistic behavior typical of many real proteins (i.e. fast folding and high cooperativity for single chains). We find that 64-mers are considerably more stable and more cooperative compared to 27-mers. The optimal interfacial-interaction-energy parameter set, however, is relatively size independent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - Interaction energies
KW  - Lattice simulation
KW  - Protein folding
KW  - Size effects
KW  - Solvation
N1  - Accession Number: 10864721; Leonhard, K. 1 Prausnitz, J.M. 1,2 Radke, C.J. 1,3; Email Address: radke@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 106 Issue 1, p81; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interaction energies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein folding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Size effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4622(03)00185-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gizeli, E.
AU  - Bender, F.
AU  - Rasmusson, A.
AU  - Saha, K.
AU  - Josse, F.
AU  - Cernosek, R.
T1  - Sensitivity of the acoustic waveguide biosensor to protein binding as a function of the waveguide properties
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 18
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1399
SN  - 09565663
AB  - The aim of this work is to study the effect of operating frequency, piezoelectric substrate and waveguide layer thickness on the sensitivity of the acoustic waveguide sensor during the specific binding of an antibody by a protein. Shear horizontal (SH) wave devices consisting of (a) a LiTaO3 substrate operating at 104 MHz, (b) a quartz substrate operating at 108 MHz and (c) a quartz substrate operating at 155 MHz were coated with a photoresist polymer layer in order to produce acoustic waveguide devices supporting a Love wave. The effect of the thickness of the polymer layer on the Love wave was assessed by measuring the amplitude and phase of the wave before and after coating. The sensitivity of the above three biosensors was compared during the detection of the specific binding of different concentrations of Immunoglobulin G in the range of 0.7–667 nM to a protein A modified surface. Results indicate that the thickness of the polymer guiding layer is critical for obtaining the maximum sensitivity for a given geometry but a trade-off has to be made between the theoretically determined optimum thickness for waveguiding and the device insertion loss. It was also found that increasing the frequency of operation results in a further increase in the device sensitivity to protein detection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - QUARTZ
KW  - Acoustic waveguide device
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - Love wave
N1  - Accession Number: 10355685; Gizeli, E. 1; Email Address: e.gizeli@biotech.cam.ac.uk Bender, F. 1 Rasmusson, A. 1 Saha, K. 1 Josse, F. 2 Cernosek, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QT, UK  2: Microsensors Research Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Microsensor Research and Development Department P.O. Box 5800, MS 1425, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1425, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p1399; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: QUARTZ; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acoustic waveguide device; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Love wave; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0956-5663(03)00080-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stölken, J.S.
AU  - Kinney, J.H.
T1  - On the importance of geometric nonlinearity in finite-element simulations of trabecular bone failure
JO  - BONE
JF  - BONE
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 494
SN  - 87563282
AB  - The finite element method, which has been successfully applied to studies of the elastic properties of trabecular bone, is now being used to simulate its failure. These simulations have used a geometrically linear (linear kinematic) approximation to the total stiffness matrix; nonlinear terms in the total stiffness matrix have been excluded from the computation in order to achieve efficiency. Because trabecular bone appears to be a slender (i.e., geometrically nonlinear) structure, we studied the validity of the linear kinematic approximation for simulating its failure. Two cases, designed to bracket the extremes of stability behavior, were explored: a single representative spicule of trabecular bone (case 1) and a volume of trabecular bone consisting of relatively low aspect ratio members (case 2). For case 1, geometrically linear (GL) and nonlinear (GNL) analyses were performed with two different materials models: a plastic damage model and a brittle damage model. When GNL terms were included in the total stiffness matrix, we found that load-path bifurcation preceded tissue failure regardless of the form of the damage model. This bifurcation was the result of a complex coupling between material yield and structural instability. The nature of this coupling was highly sensitive to the form of the damage model. None of these behaviors was observed in the linear analyses, where failure was insensitive to the form of the damage model and where structural instabilities were prevented from occurring. For case 2, compressive loading of a volume of trabecular bone, geometric nonlinear effects were pronounced. There was a bifurcation in load response that resulted in large apparent strain to failure. The GL simulations, on the other hand, precluded this bifurcation. We hypothesize that trabecular bone is a geometric nonlinear structure; nonlinear terms must be included in the total stiffness matrix to accurately simulate its failure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BONE is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - BONES
KW  - FRACTURES
KW  - BONES -- Wounds & injuries
KW  - Bifurcation
KW  - Bone
KW  - Failure
KW  - Finite element modeling
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Stability theory
KW  - Trabecular bone
N1  - Accession Number: 11002653; Stölken, J.S. 1 Kinney, J.H. 1; Email Address: kinney3@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p494; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: BONES; Subject Term: FRACTURES; Subject Term: BONES -- Wounds & injuries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bifurcation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Failure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stability theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trabecular bone; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S8756-3282(03)00214-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Raymond Y.
AU  - Miller, Lisa M.
AU  - Carlson, Cathy S.
AU  - Chance, Mark R.
T1  - In situ chemistry of osteoporosis revealed by synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy
JO  - BONE
JF  - BONE
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 514
SN  - 87563282
AB  - Reduced bone density is a well-known feature of osteoporosis, yet little is known about the changes in the chemical composition of bone or the impact of such chemical changes on fracture risks. Using ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) as a model for the menopausal onset of osteoporosis, we examined the microscopic chemical changes of bone measured by synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy as a function of time after ovariectomy. The results demonstrate that cortical bone formed 1 or 2 years after ovariectomy, as identified by fluorochrome labeling, has a higher phosphate content (PO43−/matrix ratio), a lower carbonate content (CO32−/matrix ratio), and more mature collagen cross-links (nonreducible cross-link/reducible cross-link ratio) than that formed in sham-operated controls. Trabecular bone after ovariectomy shows no changes in phosphate content, a lower carbonate content, and immature collagen cross-linking. Treatment with a bone turnover suppressor, (nandrolone decanoate) reverses most of the ovariectomy-induced chemical changes in the cortical bone to the levels of the ovary-intact controls, but has little effect on the trabecular bone. These results demonstrate that bone newly synthesized after ovariectomy is chemically different from healthy bone within specific bone regions, which may contribute to reduced bone quality in osteoporosis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BONE is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PROTON synchrotrons
KW  - OSTEOPOROSIS
KW  - BONES -- Diseases
KW  - VITAMIN D deficiency
KW  - Cynomolgus monkeys
KW  - Fluorochrome
KW  - Hydroxyapatite
KW  - Infrared microspectroscopy
KW  - Nandrolone decanoate
KW  - Postmenopausal osteoporosis
N1  - Accession Number: 11002655; Huang, Raymond Y. 1 Miller, Lisa M. 2 Carlson, Cathy S. 3 Chance, Mark R. 1; Email Address: mrc@aecom.yu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p514; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PROTON synchrotrons; Subject Term: OSTEOPOROSIS; Subject Term: BONES -- Diseases; Subject Term: VITAMIN D deficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cynomolgus monkeys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorochrome; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroxyapatite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared microspectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nandrolone decanoate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Postmenopausal osteoporosis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S8756-3282(03)00233-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - A.P. Borole
AU  - Dorai Ramprasad
T1  - Book Reviews.
JO  - CaTTech
JF  - CaTTech
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 187
SN  - 13846566
N1  - Accession Number: 22120347; A.P. Borole 1,2 Dorai Ramprasad 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; borolea@ornl.gov  2: Rohm and Haas; DRamprasad@rohmhaas.com; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 7 Issue 5, p185; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corr, David J.
AU  - Monteiro, Paulo J.M.
AU  - Bastacky, Jacob
T1  - Observations of ice lens formation and frost heave in young Portland cement paste
JO  - Cement & Concrete Research
JF  - Cement & Concrete Research
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1531
SN  - 00088846
AB  - As part of a research program to image frozen cement past specimens, abnormal microstructural formations are seen in specimens frozen after 10-h hydration. The formations are areas of loose microstructure with aspect ratios of 6–10, which appear perpendicular to the direction of cooling in the specimen. After sublimation of the water in the specimens during the imaging process, these formations collapse, indicating that ice is instrumental to their structure. These formations coincide with longitudinal cracks in the specimen, which do not appear to be due to specimen preparation and are consistent with an internal tensile strain. The authors have hypothesized that ice lens formation and frost heave, or a similar freezing mechanism, is responsible for these microstructural features, which are seen in 10-h specimens and are absent in all other cement paste specimens. Triaxial permeability tests have also shown that the cement paste mix used in this study has a permeability at 10-h age of ∼10−6 cm/s. This permeability is similar to that of silty soil, some of the most susceptible to frost heave. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cement & Concrete Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PORTLAND cement
KW  - FROST
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - Freezing and thawing
KW  - Frost heave
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Permeability
KW  - SEM
N1  - Accession Number: 10741952; Corr, David J. 1; Email Address: d-corr2@northwestern.edu Monteiro, Paulo J.M. 2 Bastacky, Jacob 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Cement Based Materials, A130 Technological Institute, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, 721 Davis Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Center for Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 33 Issue 10, p1531; Subject Term: PORTLAND cement; Subject Term: FROST; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: CEMENT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Freezing and thawing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frost heave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00103-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, P. Jason
AU  - Biernacki, Joseph J.
AU  - Bai, Jianming
AU  - Rawn, Claudia J.
T1  - Assessment of a synchrotron X-ray method for quantitative analysis of calcium hydroxide
JO  - Cement & Concrete Research
JF  - Cement & Concrete Research
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1553
SN  - 00088846
AB  - Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD) are widely used to determine the calcium hydroxide (CH) content in cementitious systems containing blends of Portland cement, fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume and other pozzolanic and hydraulic materials. These techniques, however, are destructive to cement samples and subject to various forms of error. While precise weight losses can be measured by TGA, extracting information from samples with multiple overlapping thermal events is difficult. And, however, while QXRD can offer easier deconvolution, the accuracy for components below about 5 wt.% is typically poor when a laboratory X-ray source is used. Furthermore, the destructive nature of both techniques prevents using them to study the in situ hydration of a single contiguous sample for kinetic analysis. In an attempt to overcome these problems, the present research evaluated the use of synchrotron X-rays for quantitative analysis of CH.A synchrotron X-ray source was used to develop calibration data for quantification of the amount of CH in mixtures with fly ash. These data were compared to conventional laboratory XRD data for like samples. While both methods were found to offer good quantification, synchrotron XRD (SXRD) provided a broader range of detectability and higher accuracy than laboratory diffraction and removed the subjectivity as compared to TGA analysis. Further, the sealed glass capillaries used with the synchrotron source provided a nondestructive closed, in situ environment for tracking hydrating specimens from zero to any desired age. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cement & Concrete Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PORTLAND cement
KW  - CALCIUM hydroxide
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - GRAVIMETRIC analysis
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - Calcium hydroxide
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Quantitative
KW  - Synchrotron XRD
N1  - Accession Number: 10741956; Williams, P. Jason 1 Biernacki, Joseph J. 1; Email Address: jbiernacki@tntech.edu Bai, Jianming 2 Rawn, Claudia J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Box 5013, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 33 Issue 10, p1553; Subject Term: PORTLAND cement; Subject Term: CALCIUM hydroxide; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: GRAVIMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium hydroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fly ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantitative; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron XRD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327410 Lime Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00105-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cizmas, P.G.
AU  - Palacios, A.
AU  - O'Brien, T.
AU  - Syamlal, M.
T1  - Proper-orthogonal decomposition of spatio-temporal patterns in fluidized beds
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 58
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4417
SN  - 00092509
AB  - Numerical simulations of the hydrodynamics of a fluidized bed are carried out to investigate the complex interaction between the gas and the solid particles, and to explore the utility of a reduced-order model based on the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The behavior of a fluidized bed is modeled using a “two-fluid” theory, which involves conservation of mass, momentum, energy and species equations for the two interpenetrating continua. These equations are solved using a numerical algorithm that employs a conservative discretization scheme with mixed implicit and explicit formulations. We conducted simulations of gas–solid interaction in a narrow (two-dimensional) bed filled with sand particles which was uniformly fluidized at minimum fluidization but with additional air flow through a central nozzle. Aided by the proper orthogonal decomposition, spatial dominant features are identified and separated from the spatio-temporal dynamics of the simulations. The most dynamic region of the gas–solid interaction is confined to the central channel caused by the jet. The flow within this structure is successfully captured by a few POD eigenfunctions. Phase-space plots further indicate the existence of low-dimensional dynamics within the central channel. This conclusion supports the validity of a reduced-order model for fluidized beds, which can then be constructed by projecting the governing equations onto the POD modes, as it is commonly done in the Galerkin method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - ORTHOGONAL decompositions
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
KW  - Fluidization
KW  - Model reduction
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Nonlinear dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 10861747; Cizmas, P.G. 1 Palacios, A. 2; Email Address: palacios@euler.sdsu.edu O'Brien, T. 3 Syamlal, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3141, USA  2: Nonlinear Dynamics Group, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-7720, USA  3: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA  4: Fluent, Inc., Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 58 Issue 19, p4417; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL decompositions; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluidization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiphase flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear dynamics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0009-2509(03)00323-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephen, Julia M.
AU  - Davis, Larry E.
AU  - Aine, Cheryl J.
AU  - Ranken, Doug
AU  - Herman, Mark
AU  - Hudson, David
AU  - Huang, Mingxiong
AU  - Poole, Janet
T1  - Investigation of the normal proximal somatomotor system using magnetoencephalography
JO  - Clinical Neurophysiology
JF  - Clinical Neurophysiology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 114
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1781
SN  - 13882457
AB  - Objective: The role of the ipsilateral cortex in proximal muscle control in normal human subjects is still under debate. One clinical finding, rapid recovery of proximal muscle relative to distal muscle use following stroke, has led to the suggestion that the ipsilateral as well as the contralateral motor cortex may be involved in normal proximal muscle control. The primary goal of this project was to identify contralateral and ipsilateral motor cortex activation associated with proximal muscle movement in normal subjects using magnetoencephalography (MEG).Methods: We developed protocols for a self-paced bicep motor task and a deltoid, electrical-stimulation somatosensory task. The MEG data were analyzed using automated multi-dipole spatiotemporal modeling techniques to localize the sources and characterize the associated timing of these sources.Results: Reliable contralateral primary motor and somatosensory sources localized to areas consistent with the homunculus. Ipsilateral M1 activation was only found in 2/12 hemispheres.Conclusions: Robust contralateral motor cortex activation and sparse ipsilateral motor cortex activation suggest that the ipsilateral motor cortex is not involved in normal proximal muscle control.Significance: The results suggest that proximal and distal muscle control is similar in normal subjects in the sense that proximal muscle control is primarily governed by the contralateral motor cortex. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical Neurophysiology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOTOR cortex
KW  - MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY
KW  - BRAIN -- Magnetic fields -- Measurement
KW  - MUSCLES
KW  - CEREBROVASCULAR disease
KW  - Bicep
KW  - Deltoid
KW  - Ipsilateral motor cortex
KW  - Magnetoencephalography
KW  - Proximal arm
KW  - Somatosensory
N1  - Accession Number: 10807864; Stephen, Julia M. 1,2; Email Address: jstephen@unm.edu Davis, Larry E. 2,3 Aine, Cheryl J. 1,2,3 Ranken, Doug 4 Herman, Mark 2 Hudson, David 2 Huang, Mingxiong 1,2 Poole, Janet 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Center for Functional Brain Imaging, New Mexico VA Healthcare System, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA  3: Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  4: Biophysics Group, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Occupational Therapy Graduate Program, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 114 Issue 10, p1781; Subject Term: MOTOR cortex; Subject Term: MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; Subject Term: BRAIN -- Magnetic fields -- Measurement; Subject Term: MUSCLES; Subject Term: CEREBROVASCULAR disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bicep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deltoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ipsilateral motor cortex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoencephalography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proximal arm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Somatosensory; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1388-2457(03)00150-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fearey, Bryan L.
AU  - White, Paul C.
AU  - Ledger, John St.
AU  - Immele, John D.
T1  - An Analysis of Reduced Collateral Damage Nuclear Weapons.
JO  - Comparative Strategy
JF  - Comparative Strategy
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct/Nov2003
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 01495933
AB  - In the new security environment with a new U.S. defense strategy, nuclear weapons remain critical to U.S. national security as well as to international security. However, legacy nuclear systems are not optimally configured for the new and emerging contingencies of this environment. A common thread likely to run through the desirable characteristics of most future systems is reduced collateral damage (RCD). Improved accuracy enables lower yield weapons to accomplish the missions once allocated to higher yield legacy warheads, with correspondingly reduced collateral effects. Lower yield, earth-penetrating weapons and other new or modified RCD weapons can play a critical role, in conjunction with the other capabilities of the New Triad, in achieving U.S. defense objectives of deterrence, dissuasion and assurance. As the United States implements the Nuclear Posture Review, it is important to assess such capabilities in the context of U.S. defense strategy and to be in a position to develop and deploy them--if required--within the much smaller nuclear force towards which the United States is moving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Comparative Strategy is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - SECURITY management
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11351888; Fearey, Bryan L. 1 White, Paul C. 1 Ledger, John St. 1 Immele, John D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: Oct/Nov2003, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p305; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: SECURITY management; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stompor, R.
AU  - Hanany, S.
AU  - Abroe, M.E.
AU  - Borrill, J.
AU  - Ferreira, P.G.
AU  - Jaffe, A.H.
AU  - Johnson, B.
AU  - Lee, A.T.
AU  - Rabii, B.
AU  - Richards, P.L.
AU  - Smoot, G.
AU  - Winant, C.
AU  - Wu, J.H.P.
T1  - The MAXIMA experiment: latest results and consistency tests
T2  - L'expe´rience MAXIMA : re´sultats et ve´rifications internes
JO  - Comptes Rendus Physique
JF  - Comptes Rendus Physique
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 4
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 841
SN  - 16310705
AB  - The MAXIMA cosmic microwave background anisotropy experiment had a significant impact on cosmology. Results from the program have played a significant role in determining the geometry of the universe, given strong supporting evidence to inflation, and, in combination with other astrophysical data, showed that the universe is filled with dark matter and energy. We present a subset of the internal consistency checks that were carried out on the MAXIMA-1 data prior to their release, which demonstrate that systematics errors were much smaller than statistical errors. We also discuss the MAXIMA-2 flight and data, compare the maps of MAXIMA-1 and -2 in areas where they overlap and show that the two independent experiments confirm each other. All of these results demonstrate that MAXIMA mapped the cosmic microwave background anisotropy with high accuracy. To cite this article: R. Stompor et al., C. R. Physique 4 (2003). (English) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - L'expe´rience MAXIMA de mesure des anisotropies du fonds de rayonnement cosmique (CMB) a eu un impact significatif sur la cosmologie. Les re´sultats de ce programme ont joue´ un roˆle important pour la de´termination de la ge´ome´trie de l'univers, ont apporte´ de fortes indications expe´rimentales en faveur de l'inflation, et en combinaison avec d'autres donne´es astrophysiques, ont montre´ que l'univers est constitue´ principalement de matie&grave;re et d'e´nergie noires. Nous pre´sentons une partie de la batterie de ve´rifications internes qui ont e´te´ applique´es aux donne´es du vol MAXIMA-1 avant leur publication. Ces tests ont de´montre´ que les erreurs syste´matiques e´taient bien plus petites que les erreurs statistiques. Nous discutons e´galement du vol et des donne´es MAXIMA-2, comparons les cartes des vols MAXIMA-1 et -2 dans les re´gions de chevauchement et montrons que les deux expe´riences inde´pendantes se confirment mutuellement. Tous ces re´sultats de´montrent que MAXIMA a cartographie´ les anisotropies du CMB avec une grande pre´cision. Pour citer cet article : R. Stompor et al., C. R. Physique 4 (2003). (French) [Copyright 2003 Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Comptes Rendus Physique is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - Cosmic microwave background anisotropy
KW  - Cosmology
KW  - Early Universe
KW  - MAXIMA
KW  - Anisotropies du fonds de rayonnement cosmique
KW  - Cosmologie
KW  - Univers primordial
N1  - Accession Number: 11535786; Stompor, R. 1,2 Hanany, S. 3 Abroe, M.E. 3 Borrill, J. 1,2 Ferreira, P.G. 4 Jaffe, A.H. 5 Johnson, B. 2 Lee, A.T. 6,7 Rabii, B. 2,6 Richards, P.L. 6,7 Smoot, G. 2,6,7 Winant, C. 6 Wu, J.H.P. 8; Affiliation:  1: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  4: Astrophysics and Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK  5: Astrophysics Group, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, UK  6: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  7: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  8: Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 4 Issue 8, p841; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmic microwave background anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Early Universe; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAXIMA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropies du fonds de rayonnement cosmique; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmologie; Author-Supplied Keyword: Univers primordial; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.crhy.2003.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuprat, Andrew
AU  - George, Denise
AU  - Straub, Galen
AU  - Demirel, Melik C.
T1  - Modeling microstructure evolution in three dimensions with Grain3D and LaGriT
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 09270256
AB  - This paper will describe modeling microstructure evolution using a combination of our gradient-weighted moving finite elements code, Grain3D and our 3-D unstructured grid generation and optimization code, LaGriT. Grain boundaries evolve by mean curvature motion, and Grain3D allows for the incorporation of grain boundary orientation dependence modeled as anisotropic mobility and energy. We also describe the process of generating an initial computational grid from images obtained from electron backscatter diffraction. We present the grid optimization operations developed to respond to changes in the physical topology such as the collapse of grains and to maintain uniform computational grid quality. For 3-D columnar microstructures, validation of the method is demonstrated by comparison with experiments. For large systems of fully 3-D microstructures, simulations compare favorably to the parabolic law of normal grain growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - Changing grid topology
KW  - Deforming grids
KW  - Gradient-weighted moving finite elements
KW  - Microstructure evolution
KW  - Motion by mean curvature
KW  - Unstructured tetrahedral meshes
N1  - Accession Number: 11002465; Kuprat, Andrew; Email Address: kuprat@lanl.gov George, Denise 1 Straub, Galen 1 Demirel, Melik C.; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p199; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Changing grid topology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deforming grids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gradient-weighted moving finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motion by mean curvature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unstructured tetrahedral meshes; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0256(03)00107-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aprà, Edoardo
AU  - Bylaska, Eric J.
AU  - Dean, David J.
AU  - Fortunelli, Alessandro
AU  - Gao, Fei
AU  - Krstić, Predrag S.
AU  - Wells, Jack C.
AU  - Windus, Theresa L.
T1  - NWChem for materials science
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 09270256
AB  - This paper focuses on describing the computational chemistry software, NWChem, and its use in materials science research. The current functionalities and capabilities are outlined, as well as future features. Specific computational examples are given to show the flexibility and usefulness of NWChem to answering materials science problems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - Cluster
KW  - Defects
KW  - DFT
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Molecular electronics
KW  - Parallel computing
N1  - Accession Number: 11002466; Aprà, Edoardo 1 Bylaska, Eric J. 1 Dean, David J. 2 Fortunelli, Alessandro 3 Gao, Fei 1 Krstić, Predrag S. 2 Wells, Jack C. 4 Windus, Theresa L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS-IN: K8-91, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (IPCF) del C.N.R., via V. Alfieri 1, 56010 Ghezzano (PI), Italy  4: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p209; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cluster; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: DFT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0256(03)00108-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11002466&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krstić, P.S.
AU  - Dean, D.J.
AU  - Zhang, X.-G.
AU  - Keffer, D.
AU  - Leng, Y.S.
AU  - Cummings, P.T.
AU  - Wells, J.C.
T1  - Computational chemistry for molecular electronics
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
SN  - 09270256
AB  - We present a synergetic effort of a group of theorists to characterize a molecular electronics device through a multiscale modeling approach. We combine electronic-structure calculations with molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations to predict the structure of self-assembled molecular monolayers on a metal surface. We also develop a novel insight into molecular conductance, with a particular resolution of its fundamental channels, which stresses the importance of a complete molecular structure description of all components of the system, including the leads, the molecule, and their contacts. Both molecular dynamics and electron transport simulations imply that knowledge of detailed molecular structure and system geometry are critical for successful comparison with carefully performed experiments. We illustrate our findings with benzenedithiolate molecules in contact with gold. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - GOLD
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - Conductance
KW  - DFT
KW  - MD
KW  - Molecular electronic
KW  - SAM formation
N1  - Accession Number: 11002474; Krstić, P.S. 1 Dean, D.J. 1 Zhang, X.-G. 1 Keffer, D. 2 Leng, Y.S. 3 Cummings, P.T. 3,4 Wells, J.C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235-1604, USA  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p321; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: DFT; Author-Supplied Keyword: MD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular electronic; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAM formation; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-0256(03)00116-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Ho-Myung
AU  - Choi, Yeon Suk
AU  - Van Sciver, Steven W.
AU  - Choi, Kyeong Dal
T1  - Cryogenic cooling system of HTS transformers by natural convection of subcooled liquid nitrogen
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 43
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 589
SN  - 00112275
AB  - Heat transfer analysis on a newly proposed cryogenic cooling system is performed for HTS transformers to be operated at 63–66 K. In the proposed system, HTS pancake windings are immersed in a liquid nitrogen bath where the liquid is cooled simply by colder copper sheets vertically extended from the coldhead of a cryocooler. Liquid nitrogen in the gap between the windings and the copper sheets develops a circulating flow by buoyancy force in subcooled state. The heat transfer coefficient for natural convection is estimated from the existing engineering correlations, and then the axial temperature distributions are calculated analytically and numerically with taking into account the distributed AC loss in the windings and the thermal radiation on the walls of liquid-vessel. The calculation results show that the warm end of the HTS windings can be maintained at only 2–3 K above the freezing temperature of nitrogen, with acceptable values for the height of HTS windings and the thickness of copper sheets. It is concluded that the cooling by natural convection of subcooled liquid nitrogen can be an excellent option for compactness, efficiency, and reliability of HTS transformers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - COOLING
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - ELECTRIC transformers
KW  - Cryostats (E)
KW  - Heat transfer (C)
KW  - Nitrogen (A)
KW  - Transformers (E)
N1  - Accession Number: 10868622; Chang, Ho-Myung 1; Email Address: chang@magnet.fsu.edu Choi, Yeon Suk 1 Van Sciver, Steven W. 1 Choi, Kyeong Dal 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Korea Polytechnic University, Shihung-Shi, Kyonggi-Do 429-793, South Korea; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 43 Issue 10/11, p589; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: ELECTRIC transformers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryostats (E); Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat transfer (C); Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen (A); Author-Supplied Keyword: Transformers (E); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335311 Power, Distribution, and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0011-2275(03)00168-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dube, Danielle H
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R
T1  - Metabolic oligosaccharide engineering as a tool for glycobiology
JO  - Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 616
SN  - 13675931
AB  - Oligosaccharides transact information exchange at the cell surface and modulate the activities and distribution of proteins within cells. Recently, the ability to modify monosaccharide structures within cellular glycans through metabolic processes has offered a new avenue for biological studies. The technique of metabolic oligosaccharide engineering has been used to disrupt glycan biosynthesis, chemically modify cell surfaces, probe metabolic flux inside cells, and to identify specific glycoprotein subtypes from the proteome. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Chemical Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OLIGOSACCHARIDES
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - lipooligosaccharide (LOS)
KW  - N-α-azidoacetylgalactosamine (GalNAz)
KW  - N-α-azidoacetylglucosamine (GlcNAz)
KW  - N-α-azidoacetylmannosamine (ManNAz)
KW  - N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)
KW  - N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)
KW  - N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc)
KW  - N-butanoylmannosamine (ManNBut)
KW  - N-levulinoylmannosamine (ManLev)
KW  - N-propanoylmannosamine (ManNProp)
KW  - neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)
KW  - polysialic acid (PSA)
N1  - Accession Number: 11114755; Dube, Danielle H 1 Bertozzi, Carolyn R 1; Email Address: bertozzi@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 7 Issue 5, p616; Subject Term: OLIGOSACCHARIDES; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: lipooligosaccharide (LOS); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-α-azidoacetylgalactosamine (GalNAz); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-α-azidoacetylglucosamine (GlcNAz); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-α-azidoacetylmannosamine (ManNAz); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-butanoylmannosamine (ManNBut); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-levulinoylmannosamine (ManLev); Author-Supplied Keyword: N-propanoylmannosamine (ManNProp); Author-Supplied Keyword: neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM); Author-Supplied Keyword: polysialic acid (PSA); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cbpa.2003.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Polyakov, V.I.
AU  - Rukovishnikov, A.I.
AU  - Rossukanyi, N.M.
AU  - Pereverzev, V.G.
AU  - Pimenov, S.M.
AU  - Carlisle, J.A.
AU  - Gruen, D.M.
AU  - Loubnin, E.N.
T1  - Charge-based deep level transient spectroscopy of undoped and nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond films
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1776
SN  - 09259635
AB  - A comparative study of electrically active defects has been performed for undoped and nitrogen-doped nanocrystalline diamond thin films deposited on Si substrates from CH4/Ar/H2 and CH4/Ar/N2 gas mixtures using microwave and d.c. plasma CVD techniques. The method of charge-based deep level transient spectroscopy (Q-DLTS) was applied to obtain information on the concentration, activation energy and capture cross-section of native and nitrogen-induced defects. A common feature in Q-DLTS spectra of undoped films was the presence of a deep level with the activation energy of 0.13–0.22 eV. The Q-DLTS spectra of nitrogen-doped films, however, exhibited a shallow level peak with the activation energy of approximately 0.05 eV. The density of the shallow defects was found to increase with increasing concentration of incorporated nitrogen. The photoelectrical properties of the films were also studied. The kinetics of photoresponse to a high intensity light pulse (in open circuit condition at zero bias) was measured. These photoresponse data were obtained at saturation conditions and were used for designing the energy band diagram for the p-Si/UNCD film/metal and n-Si/UNCD film/metal heterostructures studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Deep and shallow levels
KW  - Electrical properties
KW  - Nanocrystalline diamond film
KW  - Nitrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 11608650; Polyakov, V.I. 1; Email Address: pvi@aha.ru Rukovishnikov, A.I. 1 Rossukanyi, N.M. 1 Pereverzev, V.G. 2 Pimenov, S.M. 2 Carlisle, J.A. 3 Gruen, D.M. 3 Loubnin, E.N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, RAS, 11 Mohovaya Street, Moscow 103907, Russia  2: General Physics Institute, 38 Vavilova Street, Moscow 119991, Russia  3: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Institute of Physical Chemistry, Leninsky Prospekt 31, Moscow 117915, Russia; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1776; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep and shallow levels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline diamond film; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-9635(03)00203-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arinze, Edwin A.
AU  - Schoenau, Greg J.
AU  - Sokhansanj, Shahab
AU  - Adapa, Phani
T1  - Aerodynamic Separation and Fractional Drying of Alfalfa Leaves and Stems--A Review and New Concept.
JO  - Drying Technology
JF  - Drying Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 21
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1669
EP  - 1698
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07373937
AB  - This article examines the state-of-the art on aerodynamic separation and drying of leaves and stems. Relevant aerodynamic and drying characteristics of alfalfa leaves and stems, important in the design and functional performance evaluation of appropriate drying and separation systems, are presented. General features and design parameters of rotary drum dryers are discussed. A new efficient approach to combined drying and separation in a rotary drum dryer is described in which fresh or pre-wilted alfalfa mixture is dried at a moderate temperature, and in the same operation the dry leaf fraction is aerodynamically separated from the stem fraction. Preliminary test data obtained from the dryer indicated that the separated product stream had comparatively high leaf purity, confirming the feasibility of the new approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Drying Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AERODYNAMIC heating
KW  - DRYING
KW  - ALFALFA
N1  - Accession Number: 11639996; Arinze, Edwin A. 1; Email Address: arinze@engr.usask.ca Schoenau, Greg J. 1 Sokhansanj, Shahab 2 Adapa, Phani 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan  2: Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 21 Issue 9, p1669; Subject Term: AERODYNAMIC heating; Subject Term: DRYING; Subject Term: ALFALFA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111998 All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111940 Hay Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111419 Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover; Number of Pages: 30p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 10 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - David D. Breshears
AU  - Jeffrey J. Whicker
AU  - Mathew P. Johansen
AU  - John E. Pinder
T1  - Wind and water erosion and transport in semi-arid shrubland, grassland and forest ecosystems: quantifying dominance of horizontal wind-driven transport.
JO  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
JF  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 28
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1189
EP  - 1209
SN  - 01979337
AB  - Soil erosion is an important process in dryland ecosystems, yet measurements and comparisons of wind and water erosion within and among such ecosystems are lacking. Here we compare wind erosion and transport field measurements with water erosion and transport from rainfall-simulation for three different semi-arid ecosystems: a shrubland near Carlsbad, New Mexico; a grassland near Denver, Colorado; and a forest near Los Alamos, New Mexico. In addition to comparing erosion loss from an area, we propose a framework for comparing horizontal mass transport of wind- and water-driven materials as a metric for local soil redistribution. Median erosion rates from wind for vertical mass flux measurements (g m-2 d-1) were 1·5 × 10-2 for the shrubland, 8·3 × 10-3 for the grassland, and 9·1 × 10-3 for the forest. Wind-driven transport from horizontal mass flux measurements was greatest in the shrubland (15·0 g m-2 d-1) followed by the grassland (1·5 g m-2 d-1) and the forest sites (0·17 g m-2 d-1). Annual projections accounting for longer-term site meteorology suggest that wind erosion exceeds water erosion at the shrubland by c. 33 times and by c. five times at the forest, but not the grassland site, where the high clay content of the soils contributed to greater amounts of water erosion: water erosion exceeded wind erosion by about three times. Horizontal transport by wind was greater than that by water for all three systems, overwhelmingly so in the shrubland (factor of c. 2200). Our results, which include some of the only wind erosion measurements to date for semi-arid grasslands and forests, provide a basis for hypothesizing trends in wind and water erosion among ecosystems, highlight the importance of wind erosion and transport in semi-arid ecosystems, and have implications for land surface geomorphology, contaminant transport, and ecosystem biogeochemistry. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Surface Processes & Landforms is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Dendrochronology
N1  - Accession Number: 18522920; David D. Breshears 1; Jeffrey J. Whicker 2; Mathew P. Johansen; John E. Pinder 3; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Mail Stop J495, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Health Physics Measurements Group; Health, Safety and Radiation Protection Division, Mail Stop G761, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 28 Issue 11, p1189; Thesaurus Term: Erosion; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Dendrochronology; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lynn Adams Kszos
AU  - John J. Beauchamp
AU  - Arthur J. Stewart
T1  - Toxicity of Lithium to Three Freshwater Organisms and the Antagonistic Effect of Sodium.
JO  - Ecotoxicology
JF  - Ecotoxicology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
EP  - 437
SN  - 09639292
AB  - Lithium (Li) is the lightest metal and occurs primarily in stable minerals and salts. Concentrations of Li in surface water are typically <0.04 mg l−1 but can be elevated in contaminated streams. Because of the general lack of information concerning the toxicity of Li to common toxicity test organisms, we evaluated the toxicity of Li to Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), Ceriodaphnia dubia, and a freshwater snail (Elimia clavaeformis). In the laboratory, the concentration of Li that inhibited P. promelas growth or C. dubia reproduction by 25% (IC25) was dependant upon the dilution water. In laboratory control water containing little sodium (~2.8 mg l−1), the IC25s were 0.38 and 0.32 mg Li l−1 and in ambient stream water containing ~17 mg Na l−1, the IC25s were 1.99 and 3.33, respectively. A Li concentration of 0.15 mg l−1 inhibited the feeding of E. clavaeformis in laboratory tests. Toxicity tests conducted to evaluate the effect of sodium on the toxicity of Li were conducted with fathead minnows and C. dubia. The presence of sodium greatly affected the toxicity of Li. Fathead minnows and Ceriodaphnia, for example, tolerated concentrations of Li as great as 6 mg l−1 when sufficient Na was present. The interaction of Li and Na on the reproduction of Ceriodaphnia was investigated in depth and can be described using an exponential model. The model predicts that C. dubia reproduction would not be affected when animals are exposed to combinations of lithium and sodium with a log ratio of mmol Na to mmol Li equal to at least 1.63. The results of this study indicate that for most natural waters, the presence of sodium is sufficient to prevent Li toxicity. However, in areas of historical disposal or heavy processing or use, an evaluation of Li from a water quality perspective would be warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecotoxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Poisons
KW  - Freshwater ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 20370994; Lynn Adams Kszos 1; John J. Beauchamp 2; Arthur J. Stewart 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel.: (865) 574-4784; Fax: (865) 576-8143; E-mail: kszosla@ornl.gov; 2: Department of Mathematics, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN 37204, USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p427; Thesaurus Term: Lithium; Thesaurus Term: Sodium; Thesaurus Term: Poisons; Thesaurus Term: Freshwater ecology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lynn Adams Kszos
AU  - Arthur J. Stewart
T1  - Review of Lithium in the Aquatic Environment: Distribution in the United States, Toxicity and Case Example of Groundwater Contamination.
JO  - Ecotoxicology
JF  - Ecotoxicology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 447
SN  - 09639292
AB  - Lithium is found at low concentrations in the major rivers of the United States (about 0.002 mg l−1) and as a mineral or salt in pegmatites and brines. The United States produces many lithium materials and consumes the greatest amount of Li in the world for use in ceramics, glass, aluminum, pharmaceuticals, batteries, etc. From 1950 to 1970, Li was central to many nuclear-related US Department of Energy (DOE) activities. The historical and current use of Li has not prompted many studies of the toxicity of this element to aquatic organisms. Here, we review the distribution and use of Li in the US with emphasis on usage by DOE. We also summarize information on the toxicity of lithium to aquatic biota. A case-example is provided which demonstrates the potential for contamination of groundwater with Li, evaluates the toxicity of the Li-contaminated groundwater, and identifies a treatment alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecotoxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Aquatic ecology
KW  - Aquatic biology
N1  - Accession Number: 20370995; Lynn Adams Kszos 1; Arthur J. Stewart 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, 37831-6422, USA; To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel.: (865) 574–4784; Fax: (865) 576–8143; E-mail: kszosla@ornl.gov; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p439; Thesaurus Term: Lithium; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic ecology; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic biology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chaudhry, Charu
AU  - Farr, George W.
AU  - Todd, Matthew J.
AU  - Rye, Hays S.
AU  - Brunger, Axel T.
AU  - Adams, Paul D.
AU  - Horwich, Arthur L.
AU  - Sigler, Paul B.
T1  - Role of the ?-phosphate of ATP in triggering protein folding by GroEL-GroES: function, structure and energetics.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 22
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4877
EP  - 4887
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Productive cis folding by the chaperonin GroEL is triggered by the binding of ATP but not ADP, along with cochaperonin GroES, to the same ring as nonnative polypeptide, ejecting polypeptide into an encapsulated hydrophilic chamber. We examined the specific contribution of the γ-phosphate of ATP to this activation process using complexes of ADP and aluminium or beryllium fluoride. These ATP analogues supported productive cis folding of the substrate protein, rhodanese, even when added to already-formed, folding-inactive cis ADP ternary complexes, essentially introducing the γ-phosphate of ATP in an independent step. Aluminium fluoride was observed to stabilize the association of GroES with GroEL, with a substantial release of free energy (-46 kcal/mol). To understand the basis of such activation and stabilization, a crystal structure of GroEL-GroES-ADP·AlF3 was determined at 2.8 Å . A trigonal AlF3 metal complex was observed in the γ-phosphate position of the nucleotide pocket of the cis ring. Surprisingly, when this structure was compared with that of the previously determined GroEL-GroES-ADP complex, no other differences were observed. We discuss the likely basis of the ability of γ-phosphate binding to convert preformed GroEL-GroES-ADP-polypeptide complexes into the folding-active state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - PROTEIN conformation
KW  - MOLECULAR chaperones
KW  - PEPTIDE hormones
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - aluminium fluoride
KW  - beryllium fluoride
KW  - chaperonin
KW  - transition-state analogue
N1  - Accession Number: 12956563; Chaudhry, Charu 1 Farr, George W. 2 Todd, Matthew J. 3 Rye, Hays S. 2,4 Brunger, Axel T. 5,6 Adams, Paul D. 7 Horwich, Arthur L. 2; Email Address: horwich@csb.yale.edu Sigler, Paul B. 1; Email Address: horwich@csb.yale.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT.  2: Department of Genetics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.  3: 3-Dimensional Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Three Lower Makefield Corporate Center, Yardley, PA.  4: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.  5: Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.  6: Department of  Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.  7: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 22 Issue 19, p4877; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: PROTEIN conformation; Subject Term: MOLECULAR chaperones; Subject Term: PEPTIDE hormones; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: aluminium fluoride; Author-Supplied Keyword: beryllium fluoride; Author-Supplied Keyword: chaperonin; Author-Supplied Keyword: transition-state analogue; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/emboj/cdg477
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klara, Scott M.
AU  - Srivastava, Rameshwar D.
AU  - McIlvried, Howard G.
T1  - Integrated collaborative technology development program for CO2 sequestration in geologic formations––United States Department of Energy R&D
JO  - Energy Conversion & Management
JF  - Energy Conversion & Management
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 44
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2699
SN  - 01968904
AB  - A major contributor to increased atmospheric CO2 levels is fossil fuel combustion. Roughly one third of the carbon emissions in the United States comes from power plants. Since electric generation is expected to grow and fossil fuels will continue to be the dominant fuel source, there is growing recognition that the energy industry can be part of the solution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by capturing and permanently sequestering CO2. Consequently, an important component of the United States Department of Energy’s (DOE) research and development program is dedicated to reducing CO2 emissions from power plants by developing technologies for capturing CO2 and for subsequent utilization and/or sequestration.Injection of CO2 into geologic formations is being practiced today by the petroleum industry for enhanced oil recovery, but it is not yet possible to predict with confidence storage volumes, formation integrity and permanence over long time periods. Many important issues dealing with geologic storage, monitoring and verification of fluids (including CO2) in underground oil and gas reservoirs, coal beds and saline formations must be addressed. Field demonstrations are needed to confirm practical considerations, such as economics, safety, stability, permanence and public acceptance.This paper presents an overview of DOE’s research program in the area of CO2 sequestration and storage in geologic formations and specifically addresses the status of new knowledge, improved tools and enhanced technology for cost optimization, monitoring, modeling and capacity estimation. This paper also highlights those fundamental and applied studies, including field tests, sponsored by DOE that are measuring the degree to which CO2 can be injected and remain safely and permanently sequestered in geologic formations while concurrently assuring no adverse long term ecological impacts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Conversion & Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon dioxide sequestration
KW  - Geological media
KW  - Sedimentary basins
N1  - Accession Number: 10007760; Klara, Scott M. 1; Email Address: scott.klara@netl.doe.gov; Srivastava, Rameshwar D. 2; McIlvried, Howard G. 2; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; 2: Science Applications International Corporation, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 44 Issue 17, p2699; Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geological media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sedimentary basins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0196-8904(03)00042-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiel, Stephen
AU  - McMahon, James E.
T1  - Governments should implement energy-efficiency standards and labels—cautiously
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 31
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1403
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Energy-efficiency standards and labels can be the most effective long-term energy-efficiency policy any government can implement. This paper describes: (1) the benefits that can be obtained through this policy, (2) which countries are implementing standards and labels and for which products, (3) the processes they are using at each step along the way including the reasons why each step must be done carefully and thoroughly, and (4) the relationship of standard-setting and labeling to other energy-efficiency policies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Appliances
KW  - Energy efficiency
KW  - Standards and labels
N1  - Accession Number: 9601795; Wiel, Stephen; Email Address: swiel@lbl.gov; McMahon, James E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 31 Issue 13, p1403; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Energy policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Appliances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standards and labels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00199-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lavine, Alexis
AU  - Gardner, Jamie N.
AU  - Reneau, Steven L.
T1  - Total station geologic mapping: an innovative approach to analyzing surface-faulting hazards
JO  - Engineering Geology
JF  - Engineering Geology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 70
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 00137952
AB  - We have developed an innovative application of high-precision geologic mapping with an electronic total station to assess the potential for seismic surface rupture in areas of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Our method of total station mapping enables recognition of secondary faults, with as little as 30 cm of vertical displacement that are not exposed at the surface, have no topographic expression, and would otherwise likely go unnoticed. It has been applied to preclude the presence of faulting in large areas (several km2) of proposed and existing critical facilities at LANL. The method involves surveying of points on geologic features, and detailed computer-aided and field analyses of anomalies in the elevations of surveyed points. We examine vertical anomalies in elevations that are the result of dominantly normal and reverse faulting; however, the method could also be applied to strike-slip faulting. Surveying of geologic contacts allows for easy integration of geologic data into a Geographical Information System (GIS) and detailed 3D analysis of small-scale structures. Field data are analyzed in profiles, 3D surface diagrams, and maps that are constructed with a variety of commercially available software packages. We apply the method to delineate volcanic map-unit boundaries in the 1.2-million-year-old Tshirege Member of the Bandelier Tuff to characterize portions of the Pajarito fault system. The ability of this method to identify faults with very small displacements that otherwise might be unrecognizable allows for discrimination of varying styles of deformation, decreases in displacement along strike through splaying into many smaller faults, monoclinal flexures, and cross structures between faults. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Engineering Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - SEISMIC tomography
KW  - Digital mapping
KW  - Faults
KW  - Seismic hazards
KW  - Surface rupture
KW  - Total station
N1  - Accession Number: 10178309; Lavine, Alexis; Email Address: alavine@lanl.gov Gardner, Jamie N. 1 Reneau, Steven L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, EES-9, Mailstop D462, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 70 Issue 1/2, p71; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: SEISMIC tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital mapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Faults; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seismic hazards; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface rupture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Total station; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0013-7952(03)00083-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Narasimhan, T. N.
T1  - October 2003.
JO  - Environmental Geology
JF  - Environmental Geology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 44
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 872
EP  - 875
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09430105
AB  - Focuses on the interplay between earth sciences and social values as they pertain to emerging challenges of a finite world subject to the stresses of a technological society. Devotion of environmental geology to all aspects of interactions among humans, ecosystems and the Earth; Law of nature and law of humans; Features of public trust within the legal system in the United States.
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Environmental geology
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Social values
KW  - Sociology
KW  - Human beings
N1  - Accession Number: 16565491; Narasimhan, T. N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U. of California at Berkeley; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 44 Issue 7, p872; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Thesaurus Term: Environmental geology; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Subject Term: Social values; Subject Term: Sociology; Subject Term: Human beings; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00254-003-0854-6
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castorina, Rosemary
AU  - Bradman, Asa
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Barr, Dana B.
AU  - Harnly, Martha E.
AU  - Eskenazi, Brenda
T1  - Cumulative Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Risk Assessment among Pregnant Women Living in an Agricultural Community: A Case Study from the CHAMACOS Cohort.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 111
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1640
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 00916765
AB  - Discusses a case study on the cumulative organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure and risk assessment among pregnant women living in an agricultural community.  Amount of OP pesticides applied annually in California's Salinas Valley; Collection of spot urine samples from pregnant women; Use of draft guidelines for cumulative risk assessment to estimate the dose from a mixture of OP pesticides that share a common mechanism of toxicity.
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - HEALTH
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Pregnant women
KW  - Salinas River Valley (Calif.)
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11451142; Castorina, Rosemary 1; Bradman, Asa 1; McKone, Thomas E. 1,2; Barr, Dana B. 3; Harnly, Martha E. 4; Eskenazi, Brenda 1; Affiliations: 1: University of California; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 3: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 4: California Department of Health Services; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 111 Issue 13, p1640; Thesaurus Term: Pesticides; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: HEALTH; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Subject Term: Pregnant women; Subject: Salinas River Valley (Calif.); Subject: California; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li-Yang Chang, Peter
T1  - Alternative Chromium Reduction And Heavy Metal Precipitation Methods for Industrial Wastewater.
JO  - Environmental Progress
JF  - Environmental Progress
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
EP  - 182
SN  - 02784491
AB  - Discusses alternative chromium reduction and heavy metal precipitation methods for industrial wastewater.  Tests with sodium metabisulfite; Tests with ferrous sulfate; Tests with zero-valent iron powder; tests with dimethyl dithion carbamate, ferrous sulfate and aluminum/chloride.
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Wastewater treatment
KW  - Precipitation (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11289317; Li-Yang Chang, Peter 1; Email Address: lychang@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: EH&S Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p174; Thesaurus Term: Chromium; Thesaurus Term: Wastewater treatment; Subject Term: Precipitation (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Elliott, Scott M.
AU  - Hanson, Howard P.
T1  - Syndication of the earth system: the future of geoscience?
JO  - Environmental Science & Policy
JF  - Environmental Science & Policy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 6
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 457
SN  - 14629011
AB  - Current global change policy debate reverberates around the polarized extremes of civilization-level cooperation through treaties as a mitigation tactic, on the one hand, and a wait-and-see approach that may lead to a climatic tragedy of the commons, on the other. Meanwhile, energy technology research is rapidly generating a perception that it will be possible to tune the earth system via carbon sequestration and other types of biogeochemical engineering. The consequences of this potential for planetary management, based on provincial self-interest, include the transition of the earth sciences into a security industry involving proprietary scientific knowledge bases of biogeochemical cycling and the evolution of a climate-design brokerage dominated by military/industrial interests.As the dominant political powers perceive the potential for planetary engineering and consider implementation, the global economy will adjust to exploit new opportunities, perceptions of which will be determined by the quality of system simulations. The growth of a viable international climate-design community will profoundly influence the trajectory of the earth system by providing either the illusion or the reality of predictability. Although this process will be chaotic at first, the probability of stabilization will ultimately be enhanced because the vast resources of the military/industrial sector will become involved. These concepts are disturbingly familiar in that they acknowledge the pervasion of competition and conflict in human technological affairs. However, they are consistent with approaches used in thermodynamics, ecological energetics, behavioral evolution, economics, and interdisciplinary climate science to describe collectively the evolution of the earth system.This paper argues that the perception that the climate can be regulated inexpensively will create an economic driving force for international cartel-style management of the total earth system. That is, the earth system may well become syndicated by those with the resources to effect large-scale management. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Policy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biogeochemical cycles
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Planetary engineering
KW  - Behavioral evolution
KW  - Climate/global change
KW  - Defense/industrial complex
KW  - Ecological energetics
KW  - System simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 10636911; Elliott, Scott M. 1; Hanson, Howard P. 2; Email Address: hph@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, The Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop F665, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Science and Technology Base Programs, The Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop M708, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 6 Issue 5, p457; Thesaurus Term: Biogeochemical cycles; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Subject Term: Planetary engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Behavioral evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate/global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defense/industrial complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological energetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: System simulation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00075-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Love, Adam H.
AU  - Hunt, James R.
AU  - Knezovich, John P.
T1  - Reconstructing Tritium Exposure Using Tree Rings at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4330
EP  - 4335
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Annual tritium exposures were reconstructed using tree cores from Pinus jeffreyi and Eucalyptus globulus near a tritiated water vapor release stack. Both tritium ([sup3]H) and carbon-H ([sup14]C) from the wood were measured from milligram samples using accelerator mass spectrometry.  Because the annual nature of the eucalyptus tree rings was in doubt, [sup14]C measurements provided growth rates used to estimate the age for [sup3]H determinations. A 30-yr comparison of organically bound tritium (OBT) levels to reported [sup3]H release data is achieved using OBT measurements from three trees near the stack. The annual average [sup3]H, determined from atmospheric water vapor monitoring stations, is comparable to the OBT in proximal trees. For situations without adequate historical monitoring data, this measurement-based historical assessment provides the only independent means of assessing exposure as compared to fate and transport models that require prior knowledge of environmental conditions and [sup3]H discharge patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Tree-rings
KW  - Dendrochronology
KW  - Tritium
KW  - Hydrogen isotopes
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11841727; Love, Adam H. 1; Hunt, James R. 1; Email Address: hunt@ce.berkeley.edu; Knezovich, John P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1710; 2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-397, Livermore, California 94551; Issue Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 19, p4330; Thesaurus Term: Tree-rings; Thesaurus Term: Dendrochronology; Subject Term: Tritium; Subject Term: Hydrogen isotopes; Subject: California; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Ann G.
AU  - Kazonich, George
AU  - Dahlberg, Michael
T1  - Relative Solubility of Cations in Class F Fly Ash.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4507
EP  - 4511
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Coal utilization byproducts (CUB), such as fly ash, contain cations that may be released during exposure to fluids such as acid rain mine drainage. Researchers at the Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL) have conducted a long-term column leaching study of 32 Class F fly ash samples from pulverized coal (PC) combustion, and quantified the release of 19 cations in four leachants with a pH between 1.2 and 12. The relative solubility(M[subL/T]) of each cation was defined as the total mass leached (M[subL]) relative to the concentration (M[subT]) of that element in the fly ash sample. A frequency distribution of relative solubility values was computed with ranges defined as insoluble, slightly soluble, moderately soluble, and very soluble. On the basis of this sample set, Ba, Cd, Fe, Pb, Sb, and Se in PC fly ash are insoluble. The elements Al, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni and Zn are slightly to moderately acid soluble. Only Ca and Na are water soluble; As and Ca are soluble in the basic solution. The results of this study indicate that the extent to which cations in Class F PC fly ash can be leached by naturally occurring fluids is very limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Coal ash
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Pulverized coal
N1  - Accession Number: 11841754; Kim, Ann G. 1; Email Address: akim@netl.doe.gov; Kazonich, George 1; Dahlberg, Michael 1; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15235-0940; Issue Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 19, p4507; Thesaurus Term: Fly ash; Thesaurus Term: Coal ash; Thesaurus Term: Acid rain; Subject Term: Pulverized coal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Ann G.
AU  - Kazonich, George
AU  - Dahlberg, Michael
T1  - Relative Solubility of Cations in Class F Fly Ash.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 37
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4507
EP  - 4511
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Coal utilization byproducts (CUB), such as fly ash, contain cations that may be released during exposure to fluids such as acid rain mine drainage. Researchers at the Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL) have conducted a long-term column leaching study of 32 Class F fly ash samples from pulverized coal (PC) combustion, and quantified the release of 19 cations in four leachants with a pH between 1.2 and 12. The relative solubility(M[subL/T]) of each cation was defined as the total mass leached (M[subL]) relative to the concentration (M[subT]) of that element in the fly ash sample. A frequency distribution of relative solubility values was computed with ranges defined as insoluble, slightly soluble, moderately soluble, and very soluble. On the basis of this sample set, Ba, Cd, Fe, Pb, Sb, and Se in PC fly ash are insoluble. The elements Al, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni and Zn are slightly to moderately acid soluble. Only Ca and Na are water soluble; As and Ca are soluble in the basic solution. The results of this study indicate that the extent to which cations in Class F PC fly ash can be leached by naturally occurring fluids is very limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLY ash
KW  - COAL ash
KW  - PULVERIZED coal
KW  - ACID rain
N1  - Accession Number: 11841754; Kim, Ann G. 1; Email Address: akim@netl.doe.gov Kazonich, George 1 Dahlberg, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15235-0940; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 19, p4507; Subject Term: FLY ash; Subject Term: COAL ash; Subject Term: PULVERIZED coal; Subject Term: ACID rain; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall Adams, S.
AU  - Greeley, Mark S.
AU  - McHugh Law, J.
AU  - Noga, Edward j.
AU  - Zelikoff, Judith T.
T1  - Application of Multiple Sublethal Stress Indicators to Assess the Health of Fish in Pamlico Sound Following Extensive flooding.
JO  - Estuaries
JF  - Estuaries
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 26
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1365
EP  - 1382
SN  - 01608347
AB  - Multiple indicators of sublethal stress (bioindicators) were used to assess the health and condition of two important estuarine fish species in the Pamlico Sound estuary following extensive flooding from three sequential hurricanes that occurred during early fall 1999. Bioindicators ranging from the biochemical to the reproductive and organism-level were used to assess the health of southern flounder and spot in Pamlico Sound compared to the health of these same species sampled from a relatively unaffected reference site in lower Core Sound. Many of the physiological, reproductive, immunological, histopathological, and general condition indices suggested that both species, and particularly spot, in Pamlico Sound were sublethally stressed and in poorer condition than fish sampled from Core Sound. The major environmental stressors causing these sublethal stress responses in Pamlico Sound fish appears to be those related to episodic hypoxic exposure or a combination of effects associated with hypoxic conditions such as alterations in preferred habitat and food availability. Although fish populations in Pamlico Sound do not appear to be severely damaged or impaired at this time, organisms that are sublethally stressed can incur increased vulnerability to additional or future stressors such as modified physicochemical regimes, changes in food and habitat availability, and increases in infections pathogens. Because of the low flushing rate (∼ 1 yr) of Pamlico Sound, recovery rate may be exceptionally slow, prolonging any adverse effects of altered nutrient regimes (such as hypoxia) on the health and fitness of resident fish populations. Flooding from the 1999 hurricanes may have contributed to the short-term health and condition of finfish species in Pamlico Sound and also influenced longer-term recovery and ecological status of this system. Longer-term manifestation of effects from flooding may be of particular concern as the frequency of hurricanes is expected to increase over the next few years and the accelerated uses of the coastal zone places further stress on estuarine resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Estuaries is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fishes
KW  - Floods
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Estuaries
KW  - Pamlico Sound (N.C.)
KW  - North Carolina
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12055110; Marshall Adams, S. 1; Email Address: adamssm@ornl.gov; Greeley, Mark S. 1; McHugh Law, J. 2; Noga, Edward j. 2; Zelikoff, Judith T. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ork Tennessee; 2: College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina; 3: Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 26 Issue 5, p1365; Thesaurus Term: Fishes; Thesaurus Term: Floods; Thesaurus Term: Bioindicators; Thesaurus Term: Estuaries; Subject: Pamlico Sound (N.C.); Subject: North Carolina; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 5 Charts, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chistov, Alexander
AU  - Fournier, Hervé
AU  - Gurvits, Leonid
AU  - Koiran, Pascal
T1  - Vandermonde Matrices, NP-Completeness, and Transversal Subspaces.
JO  - Foundations of Computational Mathematics
JF  - Foundations of Computational Mathematics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
EP  - 427
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16153375
AB  - Let K be an infinite field. We give polynomial time constructions of families of r-dimensional subspaces of Kn with the following transversality property: any linear subspace of Kn of dimension n–r is transversal to at least one element of the family. We also give a new NP-completeness proof for the following problem: given two integers n and m with n \leq m and a n × m matrix A with entries in Z, decide whether there exists an n × n subdeterminant of A which is equal to zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Foundations of Computational Mathematics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NP-complete problems
KW  - INFINITE matrices
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - RINGS of integers
KW  - INFINITY (Mathematics)
KW  - NP-Completeness
KW  - Transversal Subspaces
KW  - Vandermonde Matrices
N1  - Accession Number: 17045148; Chistov, Alexander 1; Email Address: sliss@iias.spb.su Fournier, Hervé 2; Email Address: Herve.Fournier@prism.uvsq.fr Gurvits, Leonid 3; Email Address: gurvits@c3.lanl.gov Koiran, Pascal 4; Email Address: Pascal.Koiran@ens-lyon.fr; Affiliation:  1: Saint Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Academy of Sciences of Russia Saint Petersburg 199178, Russia  2: PRISM Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines 45, avenue des États-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex, France  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory CCS-3 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: LIP, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46 allee d'Italie 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p421; Subject Term: NP-complete problems; Subject Term: INFINITE matrices; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: RINGS of integers; Subject Term: INFINITY (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: NP-Completeness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transversal Subspaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vandermonde Matrices; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10208-002-0076-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Chen, Jie
T1  - Enhanced microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) by different natural organic matter fractions
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 67
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3575
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Although direct microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) is known, few studies have examined the kinetics and the underlying mechanisms of the reduction of these contaminants by different natural organic matter (NOM) fractions in the presence or absence of microorganisms. In this study, NOM was found to chemically reduce Cr(VI) at pH 3, but the reduction rates were negligible at pH ∼7. The abiotic reduction of U(VI) by NOM was not observed, possibly because of the presence of small amounts of nitrate in the reactant solution. However, all NOM fractions, particularly the soil humic acid (HA), enhanced the bioreduction of Cr(VI) or U(VI) in the presence of Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. The reduction rates varied greatly among NOM fractions with different chemical and structural properties: the polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction appeared to be the most reactive in abiotically reducing Cr(VI) at a low pH, but soil HA was more effective in mediating the microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) under anaerobic, circumneutral pH conditions. These observations are attributed to an increased solubility and conformational changes of the soil HA with pH and, more importantly, its relatively high contents of polycondensed and conjugated aromatic organic moieties. An important implication of this study is that, depending on chemical and structural properties, different NOM components may play different roles in enhancing the bioreduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) by microorganisms. Polycondensed aromatic humic materials may be particularly useful in mediating the bioreduction and rapid immobilization of these contaminant metals in soil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEXAVALENT chromium
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
N1  - Accession Number: 10923592; Gu, Baohua 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov Chen, Jie 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 67 Issue 19, p3575; Subject Term: HEXAVALENT chromium; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00162-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, Jennifer E.
AU  - Goodwin, Laurel B.
AU  - Lewis, Claudia J.
T1  - Deformation bands in bobwelded ignimbrites: Petrophysical controls on fault-zone deformation and evidence of preferential fluid flow.
JO  - Geology
JF  - Geology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 31
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 837
EP  - 840
SN  - 00917613
AB  - Studies deformation bands in nonwelded ignimbrites.  Petrophysical controls on fault-zone deformation; Evidence of preferential fluid flow in the vadozone; Alteration and mineralization of ignimbrites.
KW  - IGNIMBRITE
KW  - FAULT zones
KW  - GEOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11138941; Wilson, Jennifer E. 1 Goodwin, Laurel B. 1 Lewis, Claudia J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Science Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Leroy Place, New Mexico, USA  2: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division (EES-9), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 31 Issue 10, p837; Subject Term: IGNIMBRITE; Subject Term: FAULT zones; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Graph, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tolstykh, Evgenia I.
AU  - Shishkina, Elena A.
AU  - Degteva, Marina O.
AU  - Ivanov, Denis V.
AU  - Shved, Valentina A.
AU  - Bayankin, Sergey N.
AU  - Anspaugh, Lynn R.
AU  - Napier, Bruce A.
AU  - Weiser, Albrecht
AU  - Jacob, Peter
T1  - AGE DEPENDENCIES OF [sup 90]Sr INCORPORATION IN DENTAL TISSUES: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF MEASUREMENTS OBTAINED FOR RESIDENTS ON THE TECHA RIVER.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
EP  - 419
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Human teeth have been considered as dosimeters for decades. Methods include the in vivo measurement of [sup 90]Sr/[sup 90]Y in teeth with a tooth-beta counter, the radiochemical determination of [sup 90]Sr in whole teeth, and the measurement of dose in teeth by use of electron paramagnetic resonance. Presented in this paper are results of 2,514 tooth-beta counter measurements, 334 radiochemical measurements, and 218 electron paramagnetic resonance measurements for residents living in settlements along the Techa River. All three kinds of measurements indicate a sharp peak that corresponds to the uptake of [sup 90]Sr by tooth tissue. The results can be interpreted in terms of an intake function for [sup 90]Sr only if the period of calcification of each individual tooth is considered—such detail on a tooth-by-tooth basis is presented in this paper. The conclusion is reached that the tooth-beta counter data are the most reliable in terms of reconstruction of [sup 90]Sr intake; this is due in part to the fact that the tooth-beta counter measures four teeth (all at position 1) with essentially the same time periods of mineralization and because there are a large number of tooth-beta counter measurements. The main utility of electron paramagnetic resonance measurements is considered to be the validation of estimates of external dose; but for this purpose teeth with [sup 90]Sr taken up into enamel must be avoided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Teeth
KW  - Dosimeters
KW  - Beta rays
KW  - Nutrition & dental health
N1  - Accession Number: 10960843; Tolstykh, Evgenia I. 1; Email Address: evgenia@urcrm.chel.su; Shishkina, Elena A. 1; Degteva, Marina O. 1; Ivanov, Denis V. 2; Shved, Valentina A. 1; Bayankin, Sergey N. 2; Anspaugh, Lynn R. 3; Napier, Bruce A. 4; Weiser, Albrecht 5; Jacob, Peter 5; Affiliations: 1: Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine; 2: Institute of Metal Physics, Russia; 3: Radiobiology Division, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; 4: Battele Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA; 5: GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Germany; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p409; Subject Term: Teeth; Subject Term: Dosimeters; Subject Term: Beta rays; Subject Term: Nutrition & dental health; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharma, P.K.
AU  - Das, A.
AU  - Hanumantha Rao, K.
AU  - Forssberg, K.S.E.
T1  - Surface characterization of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cells grown under different conditions
JO  - Hydrometallurgy
JF  - Hydrometallurgy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 0304386X
AB  - The growth characteristics of a strain of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans isolated from mine water with ferrous ion, sulfur, or pyrite mineral as sole source of energy have been established. The electrokinetic behaviour of the bacterial cells was investigated and the cell surface groups were characterized by diffuse reflectance FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopies. The surface charge on the iron-grown cells (i.e.p., pH 2.0) is different from that on the solid-substrate-grown cells (i.e.p., pH 3.0–3.5) and the surface charge depends on the growth history of the bacteria. The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra revealed a higher amount of protein content on the surface of the sulfur- and pyrite-grown cells compared to the iron-grown cells. These results suggest that the altered surface charge on the cells is due to differences in the protein content synthesized by bacteria exposed to different growth conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Hydrometallurgy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZETA potential
KW  - IRON ions
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - ELECTROKINETICS
KW  - Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans
KW  - Infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Surface characterization
KW  - Zeta-potential
N1  - Accession Number: 11000741; Sharma, P.K. 1; Email Address: p.k.sharma@med.rug.nl Das, A. 2 Hanumantha Rao, K. 1 Forssberg, K.S.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Mineral Processing, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 71 Issue 1/2, p285; Subject Term: ZETA potential; Subject Term: IRON ions; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: ELECTROKINETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeta-potential; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-386X(03)00167-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Anne
T1  - Anecdotes.
JO  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
JF  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct-Dec2003
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 78
EP  - 88
SN  - 10586180
AB  - This article focuses on experiences of several women related to computing field. Although individual experiences varied, a common thread in these stories is that women's opportunities were constrained by gender stereotypes, outright discrimination, and the demands of marriage and family. Lucy Slater received PhD's in mathematics from both the University of London, London, England and Cambridge University, Cambridge, England. She worked at Cambridge University for 30 years, using the EDSAC and other computers. Mary Lee Berners-Lee received a degree in mathematics from Birmingham University. She was one of the early programmers for the Ferranti Mark I computer. Her son Tim Berners-Lee is the creator of the World Wide Web.
KW  - WOMEN in computer science
KW  - COMPUTER industry
KW  - CAMBRIDGE (England)
KW  - LONDON (England)
KW  - ENGLAND
KW  - UNIVERSITY of Cambridge
KW  - UNIVERSITY of London
KW  - SLATER, Lucy
KW  - BERNERS-Lee, Mary Lee
N1  - Accession Number: 11953668; Fitzpatrick, Anne 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Source Info: Oct-Dec2003, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p78; Subject Term: WOMEN in computer science; Subject Term: COMPUTER industry; Subject Term: CAMBRIDGE (England); Subject Term: LONDON (England); Subject Term: ENGLAND; Company/Entity: UNIVERSITY of Cambridge Company/Entity: UNIVERSITY of London; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; People: SLATER, Lucy; People: BERNERS-Lee, Mary Lee; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Struve, K. W.
T1  - Guest Editorial Introduction.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 798
EP  - 798
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Editorial.  Focuses on the 20th International Symposium on discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum held from July 1, 2002 to July 5, 2002 at Tours, France, involving information about articles published in the October 2003 issue of the journal "IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science." Organizers of this symposium; Account of areas under which all articles published in this issue are categorized; Highlights of this issue of the journal.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - PLASMA chemistry
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges through gases
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 11424885; Struve, K. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Guest Editor, Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185-1194 USA.; Source Info: Oct2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p798; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: PLASMA chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges through gases; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Reviews & Products: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.819621
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, Amlan
AU  - Choi, K.K.
AU  - Reno, J.L.
AU  - Rokhinson, L.P.
AU  - Tsui, D.C.
T1  - Electron transfer based voltage tunable two-color quantum-well infrared photodetectors
JO  - Infrared Physics & Technology
JF  - Infrared Physics & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 44
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
SN  - 13504495
AB  - We present a detailed investigation of the temperature <f>T</f> dependence of photoresponse of voltage tunable two-color quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) that are based on the transfer of electrons between coupled QWs under an applied bias <f>Vb</f>. For <f>T&les;40</f> K, the peak detection wavelength switches from 7.2 μm under positive bias to 8.6 μm under large negative bias as electrons are transferred from the right QW (RQW) to the left QW (LQW). For <f>T&ges;50</f> K, the short wavelength peak is not only present for both bias polarities but also increases rapidly with <f>T</f> while the long wavelength peak decreases rapidly with <f>T</f>. We investigate this temperature dependence by extracting absorption coefficient <f>α</f> and photoconductive gain <f>g</f> using corrugated QWIPs with different corrugation periods. The deduced absorption spectra indicate that the LQW population first increases and then decreases with increasing negative bias for <f>T&ges;50</f> K. The deduced gain spectra show that short and long wavelength gain under negative bias exhibit a strong enhancement and reduction, respectively, with <f>T</f> above 50 K. We show that both these temperature dependences are caused by large thermal currents from the LQWs, which are designed for long wavelength detection and, therefore, have a significantly lower activation energy than the RQWs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Infrared Physics & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Coupled quantum wells
KW  - Quantum-well infrared photodetectors
KW  - Two-color
KW  - Voltage tunable detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 11002765; Majumdar, Amlan 1; Email Address: majumdar@ee.princeton.edu Choi, K.K. 2; Email Address: kchoi@arl.army.mil Reno, J.L. 3 Rokhinson, L.P. 1 Tsui, D.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Electro-optics and Photonics Division, US Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 44 Issue 5/6, p337; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coupled quantum wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum-well infrared photodetectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-color; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voltage tunable detectors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1350-4495(03)00153-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nyéki, J.
AU  - Erdélyi, G.
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
AU  - Schlagel, D.L.
AU  - Beke, D.L.
T1  - Ni volume diffusion in Ni2MnGa
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1075
SN  - 09669795
AB  - 63Ni volume diffusion in monocrystalline Ni2MnGa shape-memory ferromagnetic alloy was investigated in the temperature range of 700–1033 K. The composition of the alloy was slightly Ni rich and the direction of diffusion was perpendicular to the (100) plane. The temperature dependence of the volume diffusion coefficient can be described by the following Arrhenius function: D<fen><cp type="lpar" STYLE="S">T<cp type="rpar" STYLE="S"></fen>=5.49−3.36+8.65×10−8exp<fen><cp type="lsqb" STYLE="S"><NU>−<fen><cp type="lpar" STYLE="S">146<rm>,</rm>000±6600<cp type="rpar" STYLE="S"></fen></NU>/RT<cp type="rsqb" STYLE="S"></fen>m2/s. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SHAPE memory alloys
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - Ferromagnetic alloy
KW  - Heusler alloy
KW  - Intermetallics
KW  - Shape-memory effect
KW  - Volume diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 11542563; Nyéki, J. 1,2 Erdélyi, G. 1; Email Address: erdelyi@tigris.klte.hu Lograsso, T.A. 3 Schlagel, D.L. 3 Beke, D.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, PO Box 2 H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary  2: Laboratoire Matériaux et Microélectronique de Provence, University of Aix-Marseille III, UMR 6637, Faculté des Sciences de St Jérôme, case 511, 13397 Marseille, France  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p1075; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SHAPE memory alloys; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetic alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heusler alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape-memory effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volume diffusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0966-9795(03)00124-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Richard M.
T1  - The Brittle Versus the Ductile Nature of Fracture Modes I and II.
JO  - International Journal of Fracture
JF  - International Journal of Fracture
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 123
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 164
SN  - 03769429
AB  - Failure surface orientations are determined for states of uniaxail tensile stress and shiar stree appropriate to fracture Modes I and II. The method uses a newly developed failure criterion along with the associated flow rule. The failure angles show a sharp demarcation between ductile and brittle material types. Only the brittle materials class show consistency and likely represents a shear localization effect rether than explicit fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fracture is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - BRITTLENESS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - Brittle
KW  - Ductile
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Modes I and II
N1  - Accession Number: 16866940; Christensen, Richard M. 1; Email Address: christensen6@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 123 Issue 3/4, p157; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: BRITTLENESS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brittle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modes I and II; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forsberg, Charles W.
T1  - Hydrogen, nuclear energy, and the advanced high-temperature reactor
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 28
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Nuclear energy has been proposed as an energy source to produce hydrogen <f>(H2)</f> from water. An examination of systems issues in this paper indicates that the infrastructure of <f>H2</f> consumption is now compatible with the production of <f>H2</f> by nuclear reactors. Alternative <f>H2</f> production processes were examined to define the requirements such processes would impose on the nuclear reactor. These requirements include supplying heat at a near-constant high temperature, providing a low-pressure interface with the <f>H2</f> production processes, isolating the nuclear plant from the chemical plant, and avoiding tritium contamination of the <f>H2</f> product. A reactor concept—the advanced high-temperature reactor—was developed to match these requirements for <f>H2</f> production. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - Advanced high-temperature reactor
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Nuclear energy
N1  - Accession Number: 9854686; Forsberg, Charles W. 1; Email Address: forsbergcw@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6179, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 28 Issue 10, p1073; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced high-temperature reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00232-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schefer, R.W.
T1  - Hydrogen enrichment for improved lean flame stability
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 28
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1131
SN  - 03603199
AB  - The stability characteristics of a premixed, swirl-stabilized flame were studied to determine the effects of hydrogen addition on flame stability under fuel-lean conditions. The burner configuration consisted of a centerbody with an annular, premixed methane/air jet introduced through five, <f>45°</f> swirl vanes. Flame stability was studied over a range of operating conditions. Under fuel-rich conditions the flame was lifted from the burner surface due to the mixing with entrained ambient air that was needed to form a flammable mixture. As the fuel/air mixture ratio was decreased toward stoichiometric, the resulting increase in flame speed allowed the flame to propagate upstream through the low-velocity wake region and attach to the centerbody face. The maximum blowout velocity occurred at stoichiometric conditions, and decreased as the mixture became leaner. OH PLIF measurements were used to study the behavior of OH mole fraction as the lean stability limit was approached. Near the lean stability limit the overall OH mole fraction decreased, the flame decreased in size and the high OH region took on a more shredded appearance. The addition of up to 20% hydrogen to the methane/air mixture resulted in a significant increase in the OH concentration and extended the lean stability limits of the burner. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 9854694; Schefer, R.W. 1; Email Address: rwsche@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 28 Issue 10, p1131; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00199-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asheena Khalakdina
AU  - Steve Selvin
AU  - Deane W. Merrill
AU  - Christine A. Erdmann
AU  - John M. Colford Jr.
T1  - Analysis of the spatial distribution of cryptosporidiosis in AIDS patients in San Francisco using density equalizing map projections (DEMP).
JO  - International Journal of Hygiene & Environmental Health
JF  - International Journal of Hygiene & Environmental Health
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 206
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 553
SN  - 14384639
AB  - Environmental transmission of cryptosporidiosis has occurred repeatedly in defined spatial areas during outbreaks of disease attributed, for example, to drinking water contamination. Little work has been done to investigate the possibility of cryptosporidiosis infection in defined spatial areas in non-outbreak (i.e., endemic) settings. This study applies a novel approach to the investigation of the spatial distribution of cryptosporidiosis in AIDS patients in San Francisco. Density equalizing map projection (DEMP) maps were created for nine race/ethnicity-age groups of AIDS patients based on census tract of residence. Additionally, census tracts with a "high density" of cryptosporidiosis cases were identified by applying smoothing techniques to the DEMP maps, and included as a covariate in multivariate Poisson regression analyses of other known risk factors for cryptosporidiosis. These analyses suggest: (1) cases of cryptosporidiosis among Black and Hispanic AIDS patients, but not among Whites, show a statistically significant non-random spatial distribution (p<0.05) even after adjustment for the underlying spatial distribution of AIDS patients for these demographic groups, and (2) the risk of residence in these high density census tracts, adjusted for other known risk factors, was not statistically significant (relative risk=1.27, 95% confidence interval 0.15, 10.53). These results do not support an independent effect of spatial distribution on the transmission of cryptosporidiosis among AIDS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hygiene & Environmental Health is the property of Urban & Fischer Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS
KW  - EPIDEMICS
KW  - WATER pollution
KW  - DISEASES -- Risk factors
N1  - Accession Number: 11131817; Asheena Khalakdina 1 Steve Selvin 2 Deane W. Merrill 3 Christine A. Erdmann 3 John M. Colford Jr. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Public Health Biology and Epidemiology, Centers for Family and Community Health and Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA  2: Division of Public Health Biology and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA  3: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 206 Issue 6, p553; Subject Term: CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; Subject Term: EPIDEMICS; Subject Term: WATER pollution; Subject Term: DISEASES -- Risk factors; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duffey, Thomas A.
AU  - Romero, Christopher
T1  - Strain growth in spherical explosive chambers subjected to internal blast loading
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 28
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 967
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - Spherical pressure vessels are used to fully contain the effects of high explosions. In this paper, the vibrations of a spherical containment vessel undergoing elastic response are investigated. Vibration modes of containment vessels are of particular interest, as it is the superposition and interaction of different modes of response with closely spaced frequencies (beating) that has been reported to be the mechanism of ‘strain growth’. The modal frequencies of a complete spherical shell for both axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric response modes are discussed, based on a sequence of papers that have appeared in the open literature. Analytical predictions are then compared with finite element numerical simulations. It is found that the numerical simulations accurately predict both the axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric modal frequencies for the complete spherical shell. Next, numerical simulations of modal frequencies for the more complex spherical containment vessel (with nozzles) are compared with the spherical shell results. These simulations for the spherical containment vessel reveal that frequencies are similar to the complete spherical shell, although a splitting of the degenerate frequencies (associated with nonaxisymmetric modes) occurs when progressing from a perfect spherical shell to the containment vessel. As a result, the vibrational response of the spherical containment vessel can be interpreted as a perturbation on the response of a perfect spherical shell. Limited comparisons with experimentally recorded frequencies for participating modes of vessel dynamic response during high explosive containment testing are presented as well. Participating modes potentially capable of beating together to produce ‘strain growth’ are isolated and are found to agree within 4 percent with frequencies determined from beating frequency measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRESSURE vessels
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - Beating
KW  - Containment vessel
KW  - Dynamic response
KW  - Spherical shell
N1  - Accession Number: 9497213; Duffey, Thomas A. 1; Email Address: tduffey2@aol.com Romero, Christopher 2; Affiliation:  1: Consulting Engineer, P.O. Box 1239, Tijeras, NM 87059, USA  2: Group DX-5, MS D-411, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p967; Subject Term: PRESSURE vessels; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Containment vessel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical shell; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0734-743X(02)00169-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creutz, Michael
T1  - DIRECT SIMULATIONS OF SMALL MULTI-FERMION SYSTEMS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1027
EP  - 1040
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 01291831
AB  - I explore computer simulations of the dynamics of small multi-fermion lattice systems. The method is more general, but I concentrate on Hubbard type models where the fermions hop between a small number of connected sites. I use the natural mapping of fermion occupation numbers onto computer bits. Signs from fermion interchange are reduced to bit counting. The technique inherently requires computer resources growing exponentially with the system volume; so, it restricted to modestly small systems. Large volume results would require combining these techniques with further approximations, perhaps in a recursive renormalization group manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - HUBBARD model
KW  - QUANTUM statistics
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - Fermion simulations
KW  - Hubbard model
N1  - Accession Number: 12539020; Creutz, Michael 1; Email Address: creutz@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 14 Issue 8, p1027; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: HUBBARD model; Subject Term: QUANTUM statistics; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermion simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hubbard model; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yin, E.
AU  - Nelson, D.O.
AU  - Coleman, M. A.
AU  - Peterson, L. E.
AU  - Wyrobek, A. J.
T1  - Gene expression changes in mouse brain after exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 79
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
EP  - 775
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose : To characterize the cellular functions associated with the altered transcript profiles of mouse brain exposed to low-dose in vivo gamma-irradiation. Materials and methods : Cerebral RNA was isolated at 30 min and 4 h after whole-body irradiation at 0.1 or 2 Gy, hybridized to random oligonucleotide arrays, and evaluated for time and dose-response patterns by multifactorial analyses. Results : Brain irradiation modulated the expression patterns of 1574 genes, of which 855 showed more than 1.5-fold variation. about 30% of genes showed dose-dependent variations, including genes exclusively affected by 0.1 Gy. About 60% of genes showed time-dependent variation with more genes affected at 30 min than at 4 h. Early changes involved signal transduction, ion regulation and synaptic signalling. Later changes involved metabolic functions including myelin and protein synthesis. Low-dose radiation also modulated the expression of genes involved in stress response, cell-cycle control and DNA synthesis/repair. Conclusions : Doses of 0.1 Gy induced changes in gene expression that were qualitatively different from those at 2 Gy. The findings suggest that low-dose irradiation of the brain induces the expression of genes involved in protective and reparative functions, while down-modulating genes involved in neural signalling activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - RATS as laboratory animals
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation -- Dose-response relationship
KW  - RADIOBIOLOGY -- Research
N1  - Accession Number: 11463614; Yin, E. 1 Nelson, D.O. 1 Coleman, M. A. 1 Peterson, L. E. 2 Wyrobek, A. J. 1; Email Address: wyrobekl@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  2: Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 79 Issue 10, p759; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: RATS as laboratory animals; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation -- Dose-response relationship; Subject Term: RADIOBIOLOGY -- Research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, J.
AU  - Ryba, E.
AU  - Miller, J.W.
AU  - Bai, J.
T1  - Adhesion of a rigid polyurethane foam to zinc phosphated steel.
JO  - Journal of Adhesion Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Adhesion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 17
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1351
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01694243
AB  - Rigid polyurethane foams were formed on rough zinc phosphate treated steel substrates. The interface between the two materials was investigated using knife peeling, immersion in a solvent which removes amorphous material predominantly, stud pull tests to observe bond failure, and X-ray scattering studies. There were three regions at the interface: an unbonded bare zinc phosphated surface, solid polyurethane areas where foaming did not occur, and foamed regions. These various interfacial regions result from temperature gradients during polymerization and foaming, and poor wetting of the substrate by the polymer. After immersion in a solvent, the solid polyurethane layer bonded to the substrate was completely removed, implying that this area only weakly adheres to the steel substrate. By contrast, the removal of the foamed area exhibited a well-ordered crystalline phase underneath polymer residues. In grazing angle X-ray scattering from the foamed region, a sharp peak from polyurethane crystallites was found on the shoulder of the amorphous peak; this reflection did not appear in the scans for unfoamed solid polymer areas. It is suggested that a greater number of these crystallites results in higher bond strength. A bond failure model was proposed in which fracture takes place along the non-connected regions, with cohesive failure in the foamed areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Adhesion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOAM
KW  - POLYURETHANES
KW  - ZINC compounds
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
N1  - Accession Number: 10921118; Kim, J. 1; Email Address: jangskim@lgchem.com Ryba, E. 1 Miller, J.W. 2 Bai, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, USA  2: Performance Chemicals, Air Products and Chemicals Inc., USA  3: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 10, p1351; Subject Term: FOAM; Subject Term: POLYURETHANES; Subject Term: ZINC compounds; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1163/156856103769172788
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Yuegang
AU  - Wilkinson, Angus P.
AU  - Noles, George S.
AU  - Lee, Peter L.
AU  - Hodges, Jason P.
T1  - Strategies for solving neighboring-element problems: a case study using resonant X-ray diffraction and pulsed neutron diffraction to examine Sr[sub8]Ga[sub16]Ge[sub30].
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1182
SN  - 00218898
AB  - The distribution of gallium and germanium over the available framework sites in the type-I clathrate Sr8Ga16Ge30 (Pm&3sline;n) has been determined by powder diffraction using several different combinations of resonant scattering data sets, collected at energies close to both the Ga and Ge K-edges, and time-of-flight (TOF) neutron diffraction data.  Based on a combined refinement using three X-ray data sets and a composition restrain, the fractional occupancies of the 6c, 16i and 24k sites by gallium are estimated to be 0.705 (5), 0.181(3) and 0.376 (2), respectively.  The required resonant scattering factors we4re determined by Kramers-Kronig transformation from X-ray absorption spectra.  The results from refinements using single data sets and various combinations of data sets are compared.  The high degree of scattering contrast that resonant diffraction can provide leads to very precise site occupancies, However, systematic errors in the rersonant diffraction intensity data can considerably degrade the accuracy of the results.  The use of a carefully chosen multiple-data-set strategy can minimize bias in the refinement results by reducing the correlations between site occupancies, atomic displacement parameters and histogram scale factors.  The effect of errors in the resonant scattering factors on the refinement results was also examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11018270; Zhang, Yuegang 1 Wilkinson, Angus P. 2 Noles, George S. 3 Lee, Peter L. 1 Hodges, Jason P. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA.  3: Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620-5700, USA.  4: Spallation Neutron Source,Oak Ridge National Laboratory,Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.  5: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 36 Issue 5, p1182; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savytskii, D. I.
AU  - Trots, D. M.
AU  - Vasylechko, L. O.
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Berkowski, M.
T1  - Twinning in La[sub0.95]Sr[sub0.05]Mg[sub0.1]O[sub2.92] crystal studied by white-beam (Laue) X-ray microdiffraction.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1197
SN  - 00218898
AB  - The investigation of twin structure in La0.95Sr0.05Ga0.9Mg0.1O2.92 perovskite-type crystals has been undertaken using the technique of white beam X-ray microdiffraction.  The sample shows definite twinning which is reflected in the Laue patterns as apparent splitting of the peaks. Reflections from the different domains were indexed separately.  Positional shifts of twin domain spots with respects to the reference matrix spot, arising from the mutual misorientation of diffraction vectors, were measured on Laue patterns and compared with calculated values in order to solve the twin laws in this system.  The dominant twin operations were found to be (12&1sline;) and (10&1sline;) mirror reflections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
KW  - MIRROR images
N1  - Accession Number: 11018273; Savytskii, D. I. 1; Email Address: crystal@polynet.lviv.ua Trots, D. M. 1 Vasylechko, L. O. 1 Tamura, N. 2 Berkowski, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera St., 79013, Lviv, Ukraine.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  3: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, AL Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 36 Issue 5, p1197; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); Subject Term: MIRROR images; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Toby, Brian H.
AU  - Dreele, Robert B. Von
AU  - Larson, Allen C.
T1  - CIF applications.  XIV.  Reporting of Rietveld results using pdCIF: GSAS2CIF.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1290
SN  - 00218898
AB  - A discussion of the process of creating powder diffraction CIF documents (pdCIF) from Rietveld results is presented, with particular focus on the computer program GSAS2CIF. The data structures used within GSAS2CIF are described, as well as how the program implements template files for descriptive information.  Two graphical user interface utilities are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - RIETVELD method
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - USER interfaces (Computer systems)
N1  - Accession Number: 11018298; Toby, Brian H. 1 Dreele, Robert B. Von 2 Larson, Allen C. 3; Affiliation:  1: NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8562. USA.  2: IPNS/APS Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S.Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4814.USA.  3: 14 Cerrado Loop,Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508-8248, USA.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 36 Issue 5, p1290; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: RIETVELD method; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: USER interfaces (Computer systems); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pfister, G.
AU  - McKenzie, R.L.
AU  - Liley, J.B.
AU  - Thomas, A.
AU  - Forgan, B.W.
AU  - Long, C.N.
T1  - Cloud Coverage Based on All-Sky Imaging and Its Impact on Surface Solar Irradiance.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 42
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1421
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - In Lauder, Central Otago, New Zealand, two all-sky imaging systems have been in operation for more than 1 yr, measuring the total, opaque, and thin cloud fraction, as well as indicating whether the sun is obscured by clouds. The data provide a basis for investigating the impact of clouds on the surface radiation field. The all-sky cloud parameters were combined with measurements of global, direct, and diffuse surface solar irradiance over the spectral interval from 0.3 to 3 μm. Here, the results of ongoing analysis of this dataset are described. As a reference for the magnitude of the cloud influence, clear-sky irradiance values are estimated as a simple function of solar zenith angle and the earth–sun distance. The function is derived from a least squares fit to measurements taken when available cloud images show clear-sky situations. Averaged over a longer time period, such as 1 month, cloud fraction and surface irradiance are clearly negatively correlated. Monthly means in the ratio of the measured surface irradiance to the clear-sky value had a correlation coefficient of about -0.9 with means of cloud fraction for the months from July 2000 to June 2001. In the present work reductions in the surface irradiance and situations in which clouds cause radiation values to exceed the expected clear-sky amount are analyzed. Over 1 yr of observations, 1-min-averaged radiation measurements exceeding the expected clear-sky value by more than 10% were observed with a frequency of 5%. In contrast, a reduction of more than 10% below estimated clear-sky values occurred in 66% of the cases, while clear-sky irradiances (measured irradiance within ±10% of estimated clear-sky value) were observed 29% of the time. Low cloud fractions frequently lead to moderate enhancement, because the sun is often unobscured and the clouds are brighter than the sky that they hide. As cloud fraction increases the sun is likely to be obscured, causing irradiance values to fall well below clear-sky values. However, in the case of unobscured sun, there is a tendency for strongest enhancements when cloud fractions are highest. Enhancements, especially at high solar zenith angle, are also often observed in association with thin clouds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - METEOROLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 10955417; Pfister, G. 1; Email Address: pfister@ucar.edu McKenzie, R.L. 1 Liley, J.B. 1 Thomas, A. 1 Forgan, B.W. 2 Long, C.N. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Lauder, Central Otago, New Zealand  2: Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Victoria  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 42 Issue 10, p1421; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knudson, M. D.
AU  - Lemke, R. W.
AU  - Hayes, D. B.
AU  - Hall, C. A.
AU  - Deeney, C.
AU  - Asay, J. R.
T1  - Near-absolute Hugoniot measurements in aluminum to 500 GPa using a magnetically accelerated flyer plate technique.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 4420
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Hugoniot measurements were performed on aluminum (6061-T6) in the stress range of 100–500 GPa (1–5 Mbar) using a magnetically accelerated flyer plate technique. This method of flyer plate launch utilizes the high currents, and resulting magnetic fields produced at the Sandia Z Accelerator to accelerate macroscopic aluminum flyer plates (approximately 12×25 mm in lateral dimension and ∼300 μm in thickness) to velocities in excess of 20 km/s. This technique was used to perform plate-impact shock-wave experiments on aluminum to determine the high-stress equation of state (EOS). Using a near-symmetric impact method, Hugoniot measurements were obtained in the stress range of 100–500 GPa. The results of these experiments are in excellent agreement with previously reported Hugoniot measurements of aluminum in this stress range. The agreement at lower stress, where highly accurate gas gun data exist, establishes the magnetically accelerated flyer plate technique as a suitable method for generating EOS data. Furthermore, the present results exhibit increased accuracy over the previous techniques used to obtain data in the higher-stress range. This improved accuracy enhances our understanding of the response of aluminum to 500 GPa, and lends increased confidence to the use of aluminum as a standard material in future impedance matching experiments. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 10848485; Knudson, M. D. 1; Email Address: mdkunds@sandia.gov Lemke, R. W. 1 Hayes, D. B. 1 Hall, C. A. 1 Deeney, C. 1 Asay, J. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 871 85-1181.; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 7, p4420; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604967
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Aaer III, J. W.
AU  - Li, S. X.
AU  - Hailer, F. F.
AU  - Lu, Hai
AU  - Schaff, William J.
T1  - Temperature dependence of the fundamental band gap of InN.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 4457
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The fundamental band gap of InN films grown by molecular beam epitaxy have been measured by transmission and photoluminescence spectroscopy as a function of temperature. The band edge absorption energy and its temperature dependence depend on the doping level. The band gap variation and Varshni parameters of InN are compared with other group III nitrides. The energy of the photoluminescence peak is affected by the emission from localized states and cannot be used to determine the band gap energy. Based on the results obtained on two samples with distinctly different electron concentrations, the effect of degenerate doping on the optical properties of InN is discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 10848481; Wu, J. 1 Walukiewicz, W. 1; Email Address: w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov Shan, W. 1 Yu, K. M. 1 Aaer III, J. W. 1 Li, S. X. 2 Hailer, F. F. 2 Lu, Hai 3 Schaff, William J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853.; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 7, p4457; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1605815
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapiro, N. A.
AU  - Feick, H.
AU  - Hong, W.
AU  - Cich, M.
AU  - Armitage, R.
AU  - Weber, F. R.
T1  - Luminescence energy and carrier lifetime in InGaN/GaN quantum wells as a function of applied biaxial strain.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 4520
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Continuous-wave and time-resolved photoluminescence of InGaN quantum wells are measured as a function of applied biaxial strain, which provides a unique means of altering the built-in polarization field in these structures. The direction and magnitude of the shift of the luminescence-peak energy are quantitatively analyzed within an analytical carrier separation model. It is found that the presently used piezoelectric coefficients of InGaN are not entirely consistent with our experimental results. Instead, consistent interpretation of our data requires the e[sub 13] and e[sub 33] piezoelectric coefficients of InN to be ∼15% larger than the commonly accepted values. Our analysis allows the assignment of an effective carrier-separation parameter to each investigated quantum-well sample, which quantifies the shift of the luminescence peak energy with the change in the polarization field. The effective carrier separation is found to be zero for narrow quantum wells (<1.5 nm) and asymptotically approaches the full quantum well width for increasing well width. However, heavy doping or increased indium content are found to reduce the effective carrier separation, which is ascribed to screening of the polarization field or localization effects, respectively. A reduction of the carrier lifetime with the application of strain supports the carrier separation model and allows the derivation of a quantity related to the change of the wave function shape with the polarization field. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - INDIUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 10848471; Shapiro, N. A. 1,2 Feick, H. 1,2 Hong, W. 1,2 Cich, M. 1,2 Armitage, R. 1,2 Weber, F. R. 1,2; Email Address: weber@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 7, p4520; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1607521
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babikov, Dmitri
T1  - Entrance channel localized states in ozone: Possible application to helium nanodroplet isolation spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 6554
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Accurate calculations of the bound ro-vibrational states of ozone are performed in the region of high vibrational excitation. Two unusual vibrational states localized in the far van der Waals region are discovered. They can be considered as the ground vibrational states of even and odd symmetries bound in the shallow van der Waals well. Properties of these states are presented and discussed, which opens possibilities for experimental realization of the helium nanodroplet isolation ro-vibrational spectroscopy of ozone. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OZONE
KW  - VAN der Waals forces
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10848561; Babikov, Dmitri 1; Email Address: babikov@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 13, p6554; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: VAN der Waals forces; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604771
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLain, S. F.
AU  - Siewenie, J. F.
AU  - Benmore, C. J.
AU  - Turner, J. F C.
T1  - On the structure of boron trifluoride in liquid and supercritical phase investigated with neutron diffraction.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 6671
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The results and reverse Monte Carlo analysis of diffraction measurements of BF[sub 3] in the liquid and supercritical state are presented. Liquid BF[sub 3] displays order only in the first coordination sphere around the average molecule and there is no intermediate range order. Liquid BF[sub 3] is thus not a layered liquid. Angular analysis using reverse Monte Carlo modeling shows that the dominant structural motif in the solid state, that of pseudo trigonal bipyramidal [3+2] coordination at B is partially retained in both the liquid and supercritical phase, though in the latter, this structural preference is greatly reduced. The structure of the supercritical phase retains the same intermolecular contact as the liquid phase, though the structural sites and population of these sites is much more widely distributed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 10848548; McLain, S. F. 1 Siewenie, J. F. 2 Benmore, C. J. 2 Turner, J. F C. 3; Email Address: jturner@atom.chern.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 3 7996-1600 and Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 37996  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 37996  3: Neutron Sciences Consortium and Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 13, p6671; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604382
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimmel, Greg A.
AU  - Persson, Mats
AU  - Dohnálek, Z.
AU  - Kay, Bruce D.
T1  - Temperature independent physisorption kinetics and adsorbate layer compression for Ar adsorbed on Pt(111).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 6776
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The influence of adlayer compression on the physisorption of Ar on Pt(111) is investigated using temperature programmed desorption and modulated molecular beams. We find that the difference in coverage between the compressed and uncompressed first layers is ∼10–15%. For coverages near one monolayer, this compression causes nearly temperature independent desorption kinetics over a wide temperature range (32–41 K). We present a theory that includes the effects of the compression on the desorption kinetics and explains the observed kinetics in terms of a competition between adsorbate–substrate and adsorbate–adsorbate interactions resulting in a continuous increase in the chemical potential near the completion of each successive layer. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPRESSION (Audiology)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 10848536; Kimmel, Greg A. 1 Persson, Mats 2 Dohnálek, Z. 1 Kay, Bruce D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory Richland, Washington 99352  2: Department of Applied Physics, Chaimers/Göteborg University, SE-412 96, Göteborg, Sweden; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 13, p6776; Subject Term: COMPRESSION (Audiology); Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604111
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoffman, D. Mark
AU  - Cunningham, Bruce J.
AU  - Tran, Tri D.
T1  - Mechanical Mocks for Insensitive High Explosives.
JO  - Journal of Energetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Energetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct-Dec2003
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 222
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07370652
AB  - Three mechanical mocks were formulated and tested as replacements for the current mock for insensitive explosives LX-17-1 and PBX 9502 because its binder was no longer available. The three polymers evaluated were a butyl/isobutyl acrylate copolymer, ethyl cellulose and a new fiuoropolymer, PFR 91. The glass transitions of these polymers were 35, 130, and -10° C, respectively. Two inert fillers, talc and cyanuric acid, were used in the new formulations. Pressing densities and mechanical and thermal properties were used to characterize these mocks. The mock based on the acrylic copolymer most closely emulated these insensitive high explosives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ETHYLCELLULOSE
KW  - TALC
KW  - formulation
KW  - insensitive high explosive
KW  - mock
N1  - Accession Number: 13705588; Hoffman, D. Mark 1; Email Address: hoffman2@llnl.gov Cunningham, Bruce J. 1 Tran, Tri D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energetic Materials Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Oct-Dec2003, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p201; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ETHYLCELLULOSE; Subject Term: TALC; Author-Supplied Keyword: formulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: insensitive high explosive; Author-Supplied Keyword: mock; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/07370650390274584
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asay, Blaine W.
AU  - Henson, Bryan F.
AU  - Smilowitz, Laura B.
AU  - Dickson, P.M.
T1  - On the Difference in Impact Sensitivity of Beta and Delta HMX.
JO  - Journal of Energetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Energetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct-Dec2003
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 235
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07370652
AB  - The beta-to-delta phase transition in HMX has been implicated as the primary reason behind the increased sensitivity of the explosive as it is heated. Both physical and chemical changes accompany the transition, but no study has conclusively shown which specific change, or set of changes, is responsible. We present evidence that shows that the mechanical differences, in and of themselves, do not result in increased sensitivity to shock compression of HMX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Energetic Materials is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - HEAT
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - HMX
KW  - impact sensitivity
KW  - polymorphs
N1  - Accession Number: 13705593; Asay, Blaine W. 1; Email Address: bwa@lanl.gov Henson, Bryan F. 1 Smilowitz, Laura B. 1 Dickson, P.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Oct-Dec2003, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p223; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: HMX; Author-Supplied Keyword: impact sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: polymorphs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, P.D.
AU  - Fletcher, M.A.
AU  - Roemer, E.L.
T1  - Influence of Pressing Intensity on the Microstructure of PBX 9501.
JO  - Journal of Energetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Energetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct-Dec2003
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 260
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07370652
AB  - Microstructural features, such as defects, crystal morphology, and crystal size distribution, can significantly affect the ignition sensitivity, performance, and mechanical properties of energetic materials. To evaluate the influence of pressing parameters on microstructure, three cylinders of PBX 9501 were pressed at 5,000, 15,000, and 30,000 psi, using a 100 ton heated steel die press. Polarized light microscopy images taken at 144 locations within each cylinder show differences in porosity, crystal size, and crystal size distribution between cylinders and at different locations within the same cylinder. Scanning electron microscopy further verifies increased fracture and pulverization of HMX crystals during pressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Energetic Materials is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - CYLINDERS (Engines)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - particle site
KW  - PBX 9501
KW  - pressing parameters
N1  - Accession Number: 13705598; Peterson, P.D. 1; Email Address: pdp@lanl.gov Fletcher, M.A. 1 Roemer, E.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Oct-Dec2003, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p247; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: CYLINDERS (Engines); Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle site; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBX 9501; Author-Supplied Keyword: pressing parameters; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geist, D.R.
AU  - Brown, R.S.
AU  - Cullinan, V.I.
AU  - Mesa, M.G.
AU  - Vanderkooi, S.P.
AU  - McKinstry, C.A.
T1  - Relationships between metabolic rate, muscle electromyograms and swim performance of adult chinook salmon.
JO  - Journal of Fish Biology
JF  - Journal of Fish Biology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 63
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 970
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00221112
AB  - Oxygen consumption rates of adult spring chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha increased with swim speed and, depending on temperature and fish mass, ranged from 609 mg O[sub 2] h[sup -1] at 30 cm s[sup -1] (c. 0·5 BL s[sup -1] ) to 3347 mg O[sub 2] h[sup -1] at 170 cm s[sup -1] (c. 2·3 BL s[sup -1] ). Corrected for fish mass, these values ranged from 122 to 670 mg O[sub 2] kg[sup -1] h[sup -1] , and were similar to other Oncorhynchus species. At all temperatures (8, 12·5 and 17° C), maximum oxygen consumption values levelled off and slightly declined with increasing swim speed >170 cm s[sup -1] , and a third-order polynomial regression model fitted the data best. The upper critical swim speed (U [sub crit] ) of fish tested at two laboratories averaged 155 cm s[sup -1] (2·1 BL s[sup -1] ), but U [sub crit] of fish tested at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory were significantly higher (mean 165 cm s[sup -1] ) than those from fish tested at the Columbia River Research Laboratory (mean 140 cm s[sup -1] ). Swim trials using fish that had electromyogram (EMG) transmitters implanted in them suggested that at a swim speed of c. 135 cm s[sup -1] , red muscle EMG pulse rates slowed and white muscle EMG pulse rates increased. Although there was significant variation between individual fish, this swim speed was c. 80% of the U [sub crit] for the fish used in the EMG trials (mean U [sub crit] 168·2 cm s[sup -1] ). Bioenergetic modelling of the upstream migration of adult chinook salmon should consider incorporating an anaerobic fraction of the energy budget when swim speeds are ≥80% of the U [sub crit] . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Fish Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHINOOK salmon
KW  - FISH metabolism
KW  - ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
KW  - FISHES -- Locomotion
KW  - Columbia River
KW  - electromyogram
KW  - hydroelectric dams
KW  - metabolic rate
KW  - spring chinook salmon
KW  - swim speed
N1  - Accession Number: 10937316; Geist, D.R. 1; Email Address: david.geist@pnl.gov Brown, R.S. 1 Cullinan, V.I. 2 Mesa, M.G. 3 Vanderkooi, S.P. 3 McKinstry, C.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Ecology Group  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Ecological Processes Group  3: U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Columbia River Research Laboratory  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Statistical and Quantitative Sciences; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 63 Issue 4, p970; Subject Term: CHINOOK salmon; Subject Term: FISH metabolism; Subject Term: ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; Subject Term: FISHES -- Locomotion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Columbia River; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromyogram; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydroelectric dams; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolic rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: spring chinook salmon; Author-Supplied Keyword: swim speed; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00217.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lynd, Lee R.
AU  - Wang, Michael Q.
T1  - A Product-Nonspecific Framework for Evaluating the Potential of Biomass-Based Products to Displace Fossil Fuels.
JO  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
JF  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 7
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 32
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10881980
AB  - The use of biomass as a raw material for production of fuels and commodity chemicals is attracting increasing attention motivated by the possibility of positive contributions to a sustainable resource supply, enhanced national security, and macroeconomic benefits for rural communities and society at large. Fossil fuel displacement exclusive of product recovery can be estimated for biological processing of biomass in the absence of product-specific information other than the product yield and whether fermentation is aerobic or anaerobic. Based on this observation, a framework is proposed for estimating fossil fuel displacement on a per-unit-product or per-unit-biomass basis. Use of a per-unit-biomass basis offers somewhat different insights as compared to a per-unit-product basis and appears particularly appropriate for consideration of the efficacy of resource or land use. Using the proposed framework, the following feedstock and process factors are shown to be particularly important in determining the extent of fossil fuel displacement via biological processes: feedstock (corn or cellulosic) and, for corn, harvest mode (e.g., with or without stover recovery); biological conversion (aerobic or anaerobic); product yield; and the energy requirements for product recovery. When all of these factors are favorable, as in the case of the cellulosic ethanol scenario examined, significant fossil fuel displacement can be achieved. When all of these factors are unfavorable, as in the case of a scenario involving polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from corn without stover recovery, no net displacement is achieved. The proposed framework provides a means to screen processes with respect to potential for fossil fuel displacement in the absence of product-specific information, to gain general insights into feedstock and process features important in determining the extent to which fossil displacement is realized, and to rapidly incorporate product-specific information into a preexisting evaluative rubric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Industrial Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - RAW materials
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - FEEDSTOCK
KW  - bioenergy
KW  - biomass
KW  - energy balance
KW  - FOSSIL FUELS
KW  - LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)
KW  - renewable energy
N1  - Accession Number: 13078040; Lynd, Lee R. 1,2; Email Address: Lee.Lynd@Dartmouth.edu Wang, Michael Q. 3; Affiliation:  1: Professor of engineering and adjunct professor of biological sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA  2: Professor Extraordinary of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa  3: Research scientist, Center for Transportation Research of Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA; Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 7 Issue 3/4, p17; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: RAW materials; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: FEEDSTOCK; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioenergy; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy balance; Author-Supplied Keyword: FOSSIL FUELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA); Author-Supplied Keyword: renewable energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424590 Other Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/108819803323059370
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheehan, John
AU  - Aden, Andy
AU  - Paustian, Keith
AU  - Killian, Kendrick
AU  - Brenner, John
AU  - Walsh, Marie
AU  - Nelson, Richard
T1  - Energy and Environmental Aspects of Using Corn Stover for Fuel Ethanol.
JO  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
JF  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
Y1  - 2003///Fall2003
VL  - 7
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 146
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10881980
AB  - Corn stover is the residue that is left behind after corn grain harvest. We have constructed a life-cycle model that describes collecting corn stover in the state of Iowa, in the Midwest of the United States, for the production and use of a fuel mixture consisting of 85% ethanol/15% gasoline (known as "E85") in a flexible-fuel light-duty vehicle. The model incorporates results from individual models for soil carbon dynamics, soil erosion, agronomics of stover collection and transport, and bioconversion of stover to ethanol. Limitations in available data forced us to focus on a scenario that assumes all farmers in the state of Iowa switch from their current cropping and tilling practices to continuous production of corn and "no-till" practices. Under these conditions, which maximize the amount of collectible stover, Iowa alone could produce almost 8 billion liters per year of pure stover-derived ethanol (E100) at prices competitive with today's corn-starch-derived fuel ethanol. Soil organic matter, an important indicator of soil health, drops slightly in the early years of stover collection but remains stable over the 90-year time frame studied. Soil erosion is controlled at levels within tolerable soil-loss limits established for each county in Iowa by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We find that, for each kilometer fueled by the ethanol portion of E85, the vehicle uses 95% less petroleum compared to a kilometer driven in the same vehicle on gasoline. Total fossil energy use (coal, oil, and natural gas) and greenhouse gas emissions (fossil CO2, N2O, and CH4) on a life-cycle basis are 102% and 113% lower, respectively. Air quality impacts are mixed, with emissions of CO, NOx, and SOx increasing, whereas hydrocarbon ozone precursors are reduced. This model can serve as a platform for future discussion and analysis of possible scenarios for the sustainable production of transportation fuels from corn stover and other agricultural residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Industrial Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS energy
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - CORN stover
KW  - CORN stover as fuel
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - agricultural residues
KW  - biofuels
KW  - E85
KW  - LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)
KW  - soil organic carbon (SOC)
N1  - Accession Number: 13078057; Sheehan, John 1; Email Address: john_sheehan@nrel.gov Aden, Andy 2 Paustian, Keith 3 Killian, Kendrick 4 Brenner, John 5 Walsh, Marie 6 Nelson, Richard 7; Affiliation:  1: Senior engineer, U.S. Department of Energy's National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S. DOE NREL), Golden, Colorado, USA  2: Process engineer, U.S. DOE NREL  3: Professor, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences and senior research scientist, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA  4: Research associate, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory  5: Cooperating scientist and research associate, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory  6: Research staff economist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, and an adjunct associate professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA  7: Department head and director, Engineering Extension Programs, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA; Source Info: Fall2003, Vol. 7 Issue 3/4, p117; Subject Term: BIOMASS energy; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: CORN stover; Subject Term: CORN stover as fuel; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: agricultural residues; Author-Supplied Keyword: biofuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: E85; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA); Author-Supplied Keyword: soil organic carbon (SOC); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; Number of Pages: 30p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 9 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/108819803323059433
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aronchik, Ida
AU  - Behne, Martin J.
AU  - Leypoldt, Laura
AU  - Crumrine, Debbie
AU  - Epstein, Ervin
AU  - Ikeda, Shigaku
AU  - Mizoguchi, Masayuki
AU  - Bench, Graham
AU  - Pozzan, Tullio
AU  - Mauro, Theodora
T1  - Action Reorganization Is Abnormal and Cellular ATP Is Decreased in Hailey-Hailey Keratinocytes.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 121
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 687
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Actin reorganization and the formation of adherens junctions are necessary for normal cell-to-cell adhesion in keratinocytes. Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is blistering skin disease, resulting from mutations in the Ca[sup 2+] ATPase ATP2C1, which controls Ca[sup 2+] concentrations in the cytoplasm and Golgi of human keratinocytes. Because actin reorganization is among the first responses to raised cytoplasmic Ca[sup 2+], we examined Ca[sup 2+]-induced actin reorganization in normal and HHD keratinocytes. Even though HHD keratinocytes display raised baseline cytoplasmic Ca[sup 2+], we found that actin reorganization in response to Ca[sup 2+] was impaired in HHD keratinocytes. Defects in actin reorganization were linked to a marked decrease in cellular ATP in HHD keratinocytes, which persists, in vivo, in HHD epidermis. Defective actin reorganization was reproduced in normal keratinocytes in which the intracellular ATP concentration had been lowered pharmacologically. ATP concentrations in undifferentiated keratinocytes markedly declined after extracellular Ca[sup 2+] was increased, but then recovered to a new baseline that was approximately 150% of the previous baseline. In contrast, ATP concentrations in HHD keratinocytes did not change in response to increased extracellular Ca[sup 2+]. This report provides new insights into how the ATP2C1-controlled ATP metabolism mediates Ca[sup 2+]-induced cell-to-cell adhesion in normal keratinocytes. In addition, these findings implicate inadequate ATP stores as an additional cause in the pathogenesis of HHD and suggest novel therapeutic options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KERATINOCYTES
KW  - ACTIN
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
N1  - Accession Number: 11418831; Aronchik, Ida 1 Behne, Martin J. 1,2; Email Address: behnemj@itsa.ucsf.edu Leypoldt, Laura 2 Crumrine, Debbie 1 Epstein, Ervin 1,3 Ikeda, Shigaku 4 Mizoguchi, Masayuki 4 Bench, Graham 5 Pozzan, Tullio 6 Mauro, Theodora 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Dermatology, University of California, USA  2: Dermatology Service, VA Medical Center, USA  3: Department of Dermatology, San Francisco General Hospital, USA  4: Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan  5: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA  6: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Center for the Study of Biomembranes, University of Padova, Italy; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 121 Issue 4, p681; Subject Term: KERATINOCYTES; Subject Term: ACTIN; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 9 Color Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Behne, Martin J.
AU  - Chia-Ling Tu
AU  - Aronchik, Ida
AU  - Epstein, Ervin
AU  - Bench, Graham
AU  - Bikle, Daniel D.
AU  - Pozzan, Tullio
AU  - Mauro, Theodora M.
T1  - Human Keratinocyte ATP2C1 Localizes to the Golgi and Controls Golgi Ca [sup2+] Stores.
JO  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF  - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 121
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 688
EP  - 694
SN  - 0022202X
AB  - Hailey-Hailey disease (MIM16960) is a blistering skin disease caused by mutations in the Ca[sup 2+] ATPase ATP2C1. We found that the abnormal Ca[sup 2+] signaling seen in Hailey-Hailey disease keratinocytes correlates with decreased protein levels of ATP2C1. Human ATP2C1 protein approximated 115 kDa in size. The ATP2C1 is localized to the Golgi apparatus in human keratinocytes, similar to its localization in yeast and Caenorhabditis elegans. To test whether the ATP2C1 controls Golgi Ca[sup 2+] stores, we measured intraorganelle Ca[sup 2+] concentrations using specifically targeted aequorins. Whereas normal keratinocytes display Golgi Ca[sup 2+] levels comparable to other epithelial cells, Hailey-Hailey disease keratinocyte Golgi Ca[sup 2+] refill is slower, and the maximum Ca[sup 2+] concentration reached is significantly lower. These findings were replicated in vivo, because clinically normal Hailey-Hailey disease epidermis contained lower Ca[sup 2+] stores and displayed an abnormal Ca[sup 2+] gradient. In this report we localize the ATP2C1, demonstrate its physiologic relevance in mammalian cells, and measure intraorganelle Golgi Ca[sup 2+] in keratinocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Investigative Dermatology is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphatase
KW  - KERATINOCYTES
KW  - GOLGI apparatus
N1  - Accession Number: 11418834; Behne, Martin J. 1,2; Email Address: behnemj@itsa.ucsf.edu Chia-Ling Tu 3 Aronchik, Ida 2 Epstein, Ervin 1,4 Bench, Graham 5 Bikle, Daniel D. 3 Pozzan, Tullio 6 Mauro, Theodora M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Dermatology, University of California, USA  2: Dermatology Service, VA Medical Center, USA  3: Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, VA Medical Center, USA  4: Department of Dermatology, San Francisco General Hospital, USA  5: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA  6: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Center for the Study of Biomembranes, University of Padova, Italy; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 121 Issue 4, p688; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphatase; Subject Term: KERATINOCYTES; Subject Term: GOLGI apparatus; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perkins, Simon
AU  - Lacker, Kevin
AU  - Theiler, James
T1  - Grafting: Fast, Incremental Feature Selection by Gradient Descent in Function Space.
JO  - Journal of Machine Learning Research
JF  - Journal of Machine Learning Research
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 3
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1333
EP  - 1356
PB  - Microtome Publishing
SN  - 15324435
AB  - We present a novel and flexible approach to the problem of feature selection, called grafting. Rather than considering feature selection as separate from learning, grafting treats the selection of suitable features as an integral pan of learning a predictor in a regularized learning framework. To make this regularized learning process sufficiently fast for large scale problems, grafting operates in an incremental iterative fashion, gradually building up a feature set while training a predictor model using gradient descent. At each iteration, a fast gradient-based heuristic is used to quickly assess which feature is most likely to improve the existing model, that feature is then added to the model, and the model is incrementally optimized using gradient descent. The algorithm scales linearly with the number of data points and at most quadratically with the number of features. Grafting can be used with a variety of predictor model classes, both linear and non-linear, and can be used for both classification and regression. Experiments are reported here on a variant of grafting for classification, using both linear and non-linear models, and using a logistic regression-inspired loss function. Results on a variety of synthetic and real world data sets are presented. Finally the relationship between grafting, stagewise additive modelling, and boosting is explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Machine Learning Research is the property of Microtome Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACHINE learning
KW  - FUNCTION spaces
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - LOGISTIC regression analysis
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - LOGISTIC distribution (Probability)
KW  - boosting.
KW  - feature selection
KW  - functional gradient descent
KW  - loss functions
KW  - margin space
N1  - Accession Number: 11940234; Perkins, Simon 1 Lacker, Kevin 2 Theiler, James 3; Affiliation:  1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley  3: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos, NAtional Laboratory, NM, USA; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 3 Issue 7/8, p1333; Subject Term: MACHINE learning; Subject Term: FUNCTION spaces; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: LOGISTIC regression analysis; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: LOGISTIC distribution (Probability); Author-Supplied Keyword: boosting.; Author-Supplied Keyword: feature selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: functional gradient descent; Author-Supplied Keyword: loss functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: margin space; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwak, Hyung-Tae
AU  - Gan, Zhehong
T1  - Double-quantum filtered STMAS
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 164
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
SN  - 10907807
AB  - Double-quantum and double-quantum-filtered satellite-transition magic-angle spinning (STMAS) experiments are proposed. The experiments efficiently convert satellite-transition coherence from single- to double-quantum with a central-transition selective π-pulse. The conversion allows the selection of double-quantum coherence transfer pathways with phase cycling that completely filters out unwanted diagonal and outer satellite-transition peaks. Both experiments are demonstrated with RbNO3 and AlPO4-berlinite as model compounds for obtaining clean STMAS spectra of spins 3/2 and 5/2, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - COHERENCE (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RUBIDIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 10861428; Kwak, Hyung-Tae 1 Gan, Zhehong; Email Address: gan@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 164 Issue 2, p369; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RUBIDIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00246-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Juenger, M. C. G.
AU  - Lamour, V. H. R.
AU  - Monteiro, P. J. M.
AU  - Gartner, E. M.
AU  - Denbeaux, G. P.
T1  - Direct observation of cement hydration by soft X-ray transmission microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science Letters
JF  - Journal of Materials Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 1335
EP  - 1337
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 02618028
AB  - This article focuses on cement hydration by soft x-ray transmission microscopy. Portland cement is produced from a finely-ground mixture of limestone and clay or shale that is fired at about 1400 degree celcius to produce a hard clinker that, after cooling, is re-ground with a small amount of gypsum to give a fine gray powder. The resulting cement reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide, calcium aluminate hydrates, and, perhaps most importantly, calcium silicate hydrate. Calcium silicate hydrate is the primary hydration product that gives concrete most of its characteristic mechanical properties.
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - LIMESTONE
KW  - CARBONATE rocks
KW  - CALCIUM aluminate
N1  - Accession Number: 16693636; Juenger, M. C. G. 1; Email Address: mjuenger@mail.utexas.edu Lamour, V. H. R. 2 Monteiro, P. J. M. 3 Gartner, E. M. 4 Denbeaux, G. P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.  2: Département de Génie Civil, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, France.  3: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  4: Lafarge, Laboratoire Central de Recherche, 38291 St. Quentin Fallavier, France.  5: Center for X-Ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94270, USA.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 22 Issue 19, p1335; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: CEMENT; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: LIMESTONE; Subject Term: CARBONATE rocks; Subject Term: CALCIUM aluminate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrovich, M.N.
AU  - Favre, A.
AU  - Hewak, D.W.
AU  - Rutt, H.N.
AU  - Grippo, A.C.
AU  - Gubeli III, J.F.
AU  - Jordan, K.C.
AU  - Neil, G.R.
AU  - Shinn, M.D.
T1  - Near-IR absorption of Ga:La:S and Ga:La:S:O glasses by free-electron laser-based laser calorimetry
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 326-327
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The optical absorption of bulk Ga:La:S and Ga:La:S:O glasses in the near infrared was investigated by laser calorimetry using the free-electron laser source at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. An absorption coefficient of 1.2 × 10−2 and 2.3 × 10−2 cm−1 was measured at 1.55 μm for Ga:La:S and Ga:La:S:O respectively. Comparing this result with conventional transmission measurements, we show that absorption is the prevailing loss mechanism in the near-IR region. Although not conclusive, our measurements suggest that the absorption is due to impurities and to the weak absorption tail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 10721325; Petrovich, M.N. 1; Email Address: mnp@orc.soton.ac.uk Favre, A. 1 Hewak, D.W. 1 Rutt, H.N. 1 Grippo, A.C. 2 Gubeli III, J.F. 2 Jordan, K.C. 2 Neil, G.R. 2 Shinn, M.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Mountbatten Building, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 326-327, p93; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: LASERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00384-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaban, I.
AU  - Halm, Th.
AU  - Hoyer, W.
AU  - Jóvári, P.
AU  - Neuefeind, J.
T1  - Short-range order in amorphous germanium–tellurium alloys
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 326-327
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The atomic structure of Te-rich amorphous germanium tellurides has been investigated experimentally with high-energy synchrotron radiation and modeled by means of the reverse Monte Carlo technique. Total and partial structure factors and pair correlation functions were simulated. It is shown that the structure of Ge20Te80 and Ge15Te85 glasses can be described by GeTe4 tetrahedra as structural units which are bridged by Te–Te bonds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - 61.43.Bn
N1  - Accession Number: 10721330; Kaban, I. 1 Halm, Th. 1 Hoyer, W. 1; Email Address: hoyer@physik.tu-chemnitz.de Jóvári, P. 2 Neuefeind, J. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Technical University Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany  2: Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor HASYLAB at Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Building 200 M-161, 9700 South Cass Avenue, 60439 Argonne (Il), USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 326-327, p120; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.43.Bn; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00389-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, P.C.
AU  - Su, T.
AU  - Hari, P.
AU  - Ahn, E.
AU  - Kleinhammes, A.
AU  - Kuhns, P.L.
AU  - Moulton, W.G.
AU  - Sullivan, N.S.
T1  - Structural and photostructural properties of chalcogenide glasses: recent results from magnetic resonance measurements
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 326-327
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 00223093
AB  - We review nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) and high-field (up to 30 T) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of 75As in crystalline and glassy samples of arsenic chalcogenides. The results, which yield asymmetries in the electric field gradient at the arsenic sites, provide detailed information on the local structural order and the photoinduced structural changes in these glasses and crystals – order that cannot easily be obtained from other techniques such as X-ray or neutron scattering. In crystalline and glassy As2Se3 and As2S3 these results disagree with those inferred from previous low field Zeeman-perturbed NQR studies, and they are inconsistent with the predictions of a common model (Raft Model) for the structure of glassy As2Se3 and other chalcogenide glasses. Results on optically irradiated and annealed, glassy As2S3 place severe restrictions on the possible changes in local and intermediate range order that can occur on photodarkening. The high-field, NMR technique should be useful for many other solids that contain one of the 20 elements whose nuclei have spin 3/2 and relatively large quadrupole moments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - CHALCOGENIDES
KW  - ARSENIC
N1  - Accession Number: 10721345; Taylor, P.C. 1 Su, T. 1 Hari, P. 2; Email Address: phari@csufresno.edu Ahn, E. 1 Kleinhammes, A. 3 Kuhns, P.L. 3 Moulton, W.G. 3 Sullivan, N.S. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  2: Department of Physics, California State University at Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  4: University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 326-327, p193; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: CHALCOGENIDES; Subject Term: ARSENIC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00416-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hari, P.
AU  - Guzel, S.
AU  - Su, T.
AU  - Taylor, P.C.
AU  - Kuhns, P.L.
AU  - Moulton, W.G.
AU  - Sullivan, N.S.
T1  - Photodarkening effect in glassy As2S3 and As2O3
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 326-327
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Photodarkening, or the shift of the optical absorption edge to smaller energies after excitation with light whose energy is near that of the optical band edge, has been studied in the chalcogenide glasses for many years. Recently we have conducted high field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies at 17 T and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) studies of 75As in glassy As2S3. We have compared the 75As NMR and NQR lineshapes in glassy As2S3 and As2O3 before and after irradiation. An increase in the asymmetry parameter would have implied an increase in the departure from cylindrical symmetry in the bonding at the arsenic pyramidal sites. The null result reported here is inconsistent with microscopic models of photodarkening that involve switching of large numbers of As–Chalcogen bonds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KUPFFER cells
KW  - LIVER diseases
KW  - HEPATOTOXICOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 10721346; Hari, P. 1; Email Address: phari@csufresno.edu Guzel, S. 1 Su, T. 2 Taylor, P.C. 2 Kuhns, P.L. 3 Moulton, W.G. 3 Sullivan, N.S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 326-327, p199; Subject Term: KUPFFER cells; Subject Term: LIVER diseases; Subject Term: HEPATOTOXICOLOGY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00419-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, G.
AU  - Jain, H.
AU  - Vlček, Mir.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Drabold, D.A.
AU  - Khalid, S.
AU  - Elliott, S.R.
T1  - Study of light-induced vector changes in the local atomic structure of As–Se glasses by EXAFS
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 326-327
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
SN  - 00223093
AB  - We have observed light-induced vector changes in the local structure of As–Se glasses using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) experiments with in situ laser illumination. Local structure around As and Se atoms was determined for as-prepared as well as annealed a-As40Se60 films, which were exposed to bandgap light of polarization parallel and perpendicular to that of the X-rays. For the as-prepared film, the nearest neighbor bond distance around Se atoms increases, the magnitude of which varies with the polarization of light, thus confirming our previous observations on a-As50Se50 films. These results give an atomistic indication of a light-induced vector expansion in any material, and provide insight of the mechanisms of the light-induced atom displacements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - ANNEALING of glass
KW  - LIGHTING
N1  - Accession Number: 10721356; Chen, G. 1 Jain, H. 1; Email Address: h.jain@lehigh.edu Vlček, Mir. 2 Li, J. 3 Drabold, D.A. 3 Khalid, S. 4 Elliott, S.R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Whitaker Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA  2: Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA  4: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 326-327, p257; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: ANNEALING of glass; Subject Term: LIGHTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335129 Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00403-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paffett, M.T.
AU  - Kelly, Dan
AU  - Joyce, S.A.
AU  - Morris, John
AU  - Veirs, Kirk
T1  - A critical examination of the thermodynamics of water adsorption on actinide oxide surfaces
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 322
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The reversible adsorption of water from actinide oxide surfaces is examined from several viewpoints in this article. A reinterpretation and critical look at the previously published thermodynamic values for desorption of water from PuO2 [J. Phys. Chem. 77 (1973) 581] are reexamined in light of more recent mathematical treatments of thermal desorption data from high surface area materials. In addition, the time and temperature dependent process of water adsorption/desorption in closed system experiments is examined using chemical kinetics modeling. A simple experimental method and mathematical treatment of determining adsorption enthalpies based upon a closed system is also described. The desorption enthalpy for reversibly adsorbed water from PuO2 is determined to be a function of adsorbate coverage with values ranging from 51 to 44 kJ mol−1 for coverages of one to several monolayers (MLs). Consistent desorption enthalpy values are obtained using either approach thus highlighting the importance of proper interpretation of adsorption parameters determined from high surface area powders. Reversible adsorption/desorption equilibrium of water with actinide oxide materials is discussed from the practical standpoint of storage and subsequent pressurization of containers. These results obtained from PuO2 surfaces are consistent with desorption enthalpies of water from a low surface area UO2 that has been measured using ultra-high vacuum thermal desorption mass spectroscopy to be 42.2 kJ mol−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTINIDE alloys
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
N1  - Accession Number: 10743800; Paffett, M.T. 1; Email Address: mtp@lanl.gov Kelly, Dan 1 Joyce, S.A. 1 Morris, John 2 Veirs, Kirk 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J964, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Engineering Science and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 322 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: ACTINIDE alloys; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00315-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Klippenstein
AU  - S. J.
T1  - The Recombination of Propargyl Radicals and Other Reactions on a C6H6 Potential.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 107
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 7783
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Using a combination of electronic-structure methods, we have explored in some detail the regions of the C6H6 potential that are important for describing the recombination of propargyl (C3H3) radicals. Using this information in an RRKM-based master equation, we have been able to predict rate coefficients for a variety of elementary reactions, including the C3H3 + C3H3 recombination itself. Generally, the agreement between the theory and the limited amount of experimental information available is very good, although some discrepancies remain. The most important new feature of the present analysis (over our previous one) is the inclusion of a path on the potential that connects 1,2,4,5-hexatetraene to 1,3-hexadien-5-yne and then goes on to benzene and phenyl + H without passing through fulvene. The inclusion of this path in the analysis allows a number of experimental observations to be accounted for by the theory. From the results of the master equation calculations, we propose a simple, contracted model for describing the rate coefficient and product distribution of the C3H3 + C3H3 recombination reaction (and subsequent isomerizations) for use in flame modeling. Modified Arrhenius expressions are provided for the rate coefficients of the reactions appearing in the simplified model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - ARRHENIUS equation
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 10961958; Miller J. A. 1 Klippenstein S. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 39, p7783; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: ARRHENIUS equation; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibson
AU  - J. K.
T1  - Role of Atomic Electronics in f-Element Bond Formation:  Bond Energies of Lanthanide and Actinide Oxide Molecules.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 107
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 7891
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Metal oxide molecules are of particular interest from both a scientific and technological perspective in view of their elementary nature and role in such processes as high-temperature vaporization. A fundamental and important property is the bond energy between the metal center and the oxygen in neutral and ionic monoxide molecules, BDE[MO] and BDE[MO+]. For the 4f-block lanthanide (Ln) and 5f-block actinide (An) inner transition metals, it has been demonstrated that many chemical properties can be rationalized from the electronic structures and energetics of the isolated metal atom or ion. In the present work, a relationship is developed to reliably predict known BDE[LnO], BDE[LnO+], BDE[AnO], and BDE[AnO+] energies from spectroscopically determined electronic properties; this relationship is employed to estimate unknown bond energies. A notable implication of the results is that effective bonding between the metal center and the oxygen atom in these species requires two unpaired valence d electrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
N1  - Accession Number: 10961972; Gibson J. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6375; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 39, p7891; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: VAPORS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lymar
AU  - S. V.
AU  - Poskrebyshev
AU  - G. A.
T1  - Rate of ON-OO- Bond Homolysis and the Gibbs Energy of Formation of Peroxynitrite.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 107
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 7991
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Oxidation of the methyl viologen radical, MV•+, by the peroxynitrite anion, ONOO-, occurs through an indirect pathway, which includes reversible homolytic dissociation of ONOO- into a pair of the NO• and O2•- radicals (rate-determining step, kh = 0.017 ± 0.001 s-1) followed by rapid oxidation of MV•+ by O2•- with kso = (3.5 ± 0.2) × 109 M-1 s-1 at zero ionic strength. Direct oxidation of MV•+ radical through a bimolecular reaction with ONOO- is immeasurably slow (k < 1 × 103 M-1 s-1). The MV•+ radical does not rapidly reduce NO•, suggesting that the one-electron reduction potential of the latter is significantly below -0.45 V (NHE), consistent with the recently reported reevaluations of NO• reduction energetics. The equilibrium constant Kh = (3.6 ± 0.3) × 10-12 M for the dissociation of ONOO- into NO• and O2•- is determined from the measurements of rate constants for the forward and reverse (recombination of NO• and O2•-, k-h = (4.8 ± 0.3) × 109 M-1 s-1) reactions. The free energies of formation in aqueous solution ΔfG°(ONOO-) = 68.5 ± 1.4 kJ/mol and ΔfG°(ONOOH) = 30.8 ± 1.5 kJ/mol are derived from these data. The last value is fully consistent with the major role of the ONOOH homolytic dissociation into a pair of the NO2• and OH• radicals in oxidations by peroxynitrite. Collectively, these results help to resolve disputes in the literature over the values for kh, k-h, Kh, ΔfG°(ONOO-), and ΔfG°(ONOOH); measurements of all these quantities in this work disagree with their recent reevaluations, but largely agree with earlier reports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - METHYL groups
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - NITRITES
N1  - Accession Number: 10961985; Lymar S. V. 1 Poskrebyshev G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 39, p7991; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: METHYL groups; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: NITRITES; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutin
AU  - N.
AU  - Brunschwig
AU  - B. S.
AU  - Creutz
AU  - C.
T1  - Using the Marcus Inverted Region for Rectification in Donor-Bridge-Acceptor “Wire” Assemblies.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 107
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 10687
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We examine the properties of a system in which a hopping mechanism can exploit the nuclear factors, along with the field resulting from the applied voltage, to control the current through a donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) system inserted between two metal electrodes. We find that, by utilizing D/A couples with small λ values, switching can be achieved at modest applied potentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOPPING conduction
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - METALS
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
N1  - Accession Number: 10961988; Sutin N. 1 Brunschwig B. S. 1 Creutz C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, Beckman Institute California Institute of Technology, Mail Code 139-74, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 39, p10687; Subject Term: HOPPING conduction; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKnight
AU  - T. E.
AU  - Melechko
AU  - A. V.
AU  - Guillorn
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Merkulov
AU  - V. I.
AU  - Doktycz
AU  - M. J.
AU  - Culbertson
AU  - C. T.
AU  - Jacobson
AU  - S. C.
AU  - Lowndes
AU  - D. H.
AU  - Simpson
AU  - M. L.
T1  - Effects of Microfabrication Processing on the Electrochemistry of Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 107
IS  - 39
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 10722
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We describe the fabrication and electrochemical characterization of as-grown and postprocessed vertically aligned carbon nanofiber forest electrodes at macroscopic (5 mm) and microscopic dimensions (250 μm). We examine the impact of a variety of microfabrication processes that are typically employed during nanofiber-based device synthesis including refractory metal reactive ion etch, oxide coating and removal, and several oxygen-based etch processes—all of which dramatically impact microscale electrode response. We also demonstrate that the high electrochemically active surface area of larger scale, macroscopic nanofiber forest electrodes can provide a buffering capacity against surface activation/inactivation. Under diffusion-limited transport conditions, this may preserve the electrochemical response of the electrode during storage and against the impacts of processing techniques used during nanofiber-based device fabrication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - MICROFABRICATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10961994; McKnight T. E. 1 Melechko A. V. 1 Guillorn M. A. 1 Merkulov V. I. 1 Doktycz M. J. 1 Culbertson C. T. 1 Jacobson S. C. 1 Lowndes D. H. 1 Simpson M. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 39, p10722; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: MICROFABRICATION; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bender, Guido
AU  - Zawodzinski, Thomas A.
AU  - Saab, Andrew P.
T1  - Fabrication of high precision PEFC membrane electrode assemblies
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 124
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are commonly prepared in the research laboratory by hand painting liquid catalyst material onto Teflon supports, then transferring the dried catalyst to a membrane separator by hot pressing. This hand application of the catalyst is a time consuming process of modest precision with respect to catalyst loading, producing samples not ideally suited for controlled experimentation. We report the results of a method for preparing MEA catalyst layers in a faster and highly reproducible fashion. This method relies on catalyst inks that have been modified to increase their coating reproducibility, and the use of a support material that improves the hot press transfer of the catalyst to the membrane separator. The result is a process which is not only significantly more precise and faster than hand painting, but which produces cells with nearly 25% higher current density in the critical voltage operating region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - KAPTON (Trademark)
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - Catalyst ink
KW  - Fabrication
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Kapton
KW  - Membrane electrode assembly
KW  - PEFC
KW  - PEMFC
N1  - Accession Number: 10743088; Bender, Guido; Email Address: guido@lanl.gov Zawodzinski, Thomas A. Saab, Andrew P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1, p114; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: KAPTON (Trademark); Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalyst ink; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fabrication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kapton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane electrode assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEMFC; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00735-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, E.V.
AU  - Case, H.L.
AU  - Doughty, D.H.
AU  - Jungst, R.G.
AU  - Nagasubramanian, G.
AU  - Roth, E.P.
T1  - Accelerated power degradation of Li-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 124
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 254
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A statistically designed accelerated aging experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of aging time, temperature, and state-of-charge (SOC) on the performance of lithium-ion cells. In this experiment, a number of cells were stored in a variety of static aging environments ranging from 25 °C and 60% SOC to 55 °C and 100% SOC. The power output of each cell was monitored regularly over the course of 44 weeks via a low current level hybrid pulse power characterization test. A single empirical model of power fade, involving two concurrent degradation processes, was found to be applicable over a wide range of experimental conditions. The first degradation process is relatively rapid (nearly complete within 4 weeks) and is accelerated by temperature with unknown kinetics. The second degradation process (accelerated by temperature and SOC) is less rapid and exhibits time3/2 kinetics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - Accelerated power degradation
KW  - Pulse power characterization test
KW  - Statistical experimental design
N1  - Accession Number: 10743109; Thomas, E.V. 1; Email Address: evthoma@sandia.gov Case, H.L. 2 Doughty, D.H. 2 Jungst, R.G. 2 Nagasubramanian, G. 2 Roth, E.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Independent Surveillance Assessment and Statistics Department, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0829, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Lithium Battery R&D Department, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0613, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1, p254; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerated power degradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse power characterization test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical experimental design; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00729-8
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moss, P.L.
AU  - Fu, R.
AU  - Au, G.
AU  - Plichta, E.J.
AU  - Xin, Y.
AU  - Zheng, J.P.
T1  - Investigation of cycle life of Li–LixV2O5 rechargeable batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 124
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Li rechargeable cells made with structural the arrangement Li/membrane/LixV2O5 were examined under different charge states using AC impedance, environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). These states include charged, discharged, and over-cycled. The lowest internal resistance was obtained from the cell in the charged state; the resistance increased when the cell was discharged; and the highest resistance was obtained from the cell in the over-cycled state. From the ESEM and TEM studies, it was found that the surface of the cathode was porous initially; however, it was coated with an amorphous film and porous features had also disappeared from the cell in the over-cycled state. In addition, higher concentration of aluminum was found on the surface of the cathode in over-cycled cells. The mechanisms for capacity degradation are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - STORAGE batteries
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - AC impedance
KW  - Capacity degradation
KW  - LiV2O5
KW  - Surface morphology
N1  - Accession Number: 10743110; Moss, P.L. 1 Fu, R. 2 Au, G. 3 Plichta, E.J. 3 Xin, Y. 4 Zheng, J.P. 1,5; Email Address: zheng@eng.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University and Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: US Army Communications-Electronics Command, Ft. Monmouth, NJ 07703, USA  4: The Magnet Science and Technology, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  5: Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 124 Issue 1, p261; Subject Term: STORAGE batteries; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopes; Subject Term: CATHODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: AC impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacity degradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiV2O5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface morphology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00734-1
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tripathi, Akhilesh
AU  - Medvedev, Dmitri G.
AU  - Nyman, May
AU  - Clearfield, Abraham
T1  - Selectivity for Cs and Sr in Nb-substituted titanosilicate with sitinakite topology
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The 25% niobium substituted crystalline titanosilicate with the composition Na1.5Nb0.5Ti1.5O3SiO4·2H2O (Nb–TS) was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Its selectivity for radioactive 137Cs and 89Sr was compared with the TS, Na2Ti2O3SiO4·2H2O, having sitinakite topology. The Nb–TS shows significantly higher uptake value for 137Cs but lower for 89Sr than the TS. To investigate the origin of selectivity, the ion exchanged Cs+ and Sr2+ forms with the composition, CsxNaHyNb0.5Ti1.5O3SiO4·zH2O (<f>x=0.1</f>, 0.2 and 0.3, <f>x+y=0.5</f> and <f>z=1–2</f>) and Sr0.2Na0.6H0.5Nb0.5Ti1.5O3SiO4·H2O, respectively, were structurally characterized from the X-ray powder diffraction data using the Rietveld refinement technique. Simultaneously the kinetics of 137Cs and 89Sr uptake was investigated for the NbV free and doped samples. While the Cs+ and Sr2+ exchanged form of Nb–TS and the Cs+ exchanged form of TS retain the symmetry of the parent compound, the Sr2+ exchanged form of TS undergoes a symmetry change. The differences in the uptake of Cs+ and Sr2+ result from the different coordination environments of cesium and strontium in the eight-ring channel, that result from various hydration sites in the tunnel. The origin of selectivity appears to arise from the higher coordination number of cesium or strontium. Other effects due to NbV substitution are reflected in the increase of both, the a- and c-dimensions and thus the unit cell volume, and the population of water vs. Na+ in the channel to charge-balance the Nb5+↔Ti4+ substitution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - SODIUM compounds
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Distribution constant
KW  - Ion exchange
KW  - Niobium
KW  - Rietveld analysis
KW  - Selectivity
KW  - Strontium
KW  - Structure
KW  - Titanosilicate
KW  - Uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 10741182; Tripathi, Akhilesh 1 Medvedev, Dmitri G. 2 Nyman, May 3 Clearfield, Abraham 1; Email Address: Clearfield@mail.chem.tamu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77842-3012, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843-3133, USA  3: M.S. 0755, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0710, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 175 Issue 1, p72; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: SILICATES; Subject Term: SODIUM compounds; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distribution constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rietveld analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strontium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanosilicate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uptake; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00145-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spence, J.C.H.
AU  - Weierstall, U.
AU  - Fricke, T.T.
AU  - Glaeser, R.M.
AU  - Downing, K.H.
T1  - Three-dimensional diffractive imaging for crystalline monolayers with one-dimensional compact support
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 144
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 10478477
AB  - The use of a compact support constraint along the beam direction is considered as a solution to the phase problem for diffraction by two-dimensional protein crystals. Specifically we apply the iterative Gerchberg–Saxton–Fienup algorithm to simulated three-dimensional transmission electron diffraction data from monolayer organic crystals. We find that oversampling along the reciprocal-lattice rods (relrods) normal to the monolayer alone does not solve the phase problem in this geometry in general. However, based on simulations for a crystalline protein monolayer (lysozyme), we find that convergence is obtained in three dimensions if phases are supplied from a few high resolution electron microscope images recorded at small tilts to the beam direction. In the absence of noise, amplitude-weighted phase residuals of around 5°, and a cross-correlation coefficient of 0.96 between the true and estimated potential are obtained if phases are included from images at tilts of up to 15°. The performance is almost as good in the presence of noise at a level that is comparable to that commonly observed in electron crystallography of proteins. The method should greatly reduce the time and labor needed for data acquisition and analysis in cryo-electron microscopy of organic thin crystals by avoiding the need to record images at high tilt angles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Diffraction
KW  - Electron crystallography
KW  - Phase determination
KW  - Protein structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11469928; Spence, J.C.H. 1; Email Address: spence@asu.edu Weierstall, U. 1 Fricke, T.T. 2 Glaeser, R.M. 2 Downing, K.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1504, USA  2: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 144 Issue 1/2, p209; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase determination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein structure; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jsb.2003.09.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huldt, G.
AU  - Szőke, A.
AU  - Hajdu, J.
T1  - Diffraction imaging of single particles and biomolecules
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 144
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 10478477
AB  - Theory predicts that with a very short and very intense X-ray pulse, the image of a single diffraction pattern may be recorded from a large macromolecule, a virus, or a nanocluster of proteins without the need for a crystal. A three-dimensional data set can be assembled from such images when many copies of the molecule are exposed to the beam one by one in random orientations. We outline a method for structure reconstruction from such a data set in which no independent information is available about the orientation of the images. The basic requirement for reconstruction and/or signal averaging is the ability to tell whether two noisy diffraction patterns represent the same view of the sample or two different views. With this knowledge, averaging techniques can be used to enhance the signal and extend the resolution in a redundant data set. Based on statistical properties of the diffraction pattern, we present an analytical solution to the classification problem. The solution connects the number of incident X-ray photons with the particle size and the achievable resolution. The results are surprising in that they show that classification can be done with less than one photon per pixel in the limiting resolution shell, assuming Poisson-type photon noise in the image. The results can also be used to provide criteria for improvements in other image classification procedures, e.g., those used in electron tomography or diffraction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - THEORY
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - 3D reconstruction
KW  - Averaging
KW  - Image classification
KW  - Orientation
KW  - Single molecule diffraction
KW  - Single particle diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11469929; Huldt, G. 1 Szőke, A. 1,2 Hajdu, J. 1; Email Address: janos@xray.bmc.uu.se; Affiliation:  1: ICM Molecular Biophysics, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Box 596, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 144 Issue 1/2, p219; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Averaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image classification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orientation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single molecule diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single particle diffraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jsb.2003.09.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gardner, D. L.
AU  - Swift, G. W.
T1  - A cascade thermoacoustic engine.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 114
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1905
EP  - 1919
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A cascade thermoacoustic engine is described, consisting of one standing-wave stage plus two traveling-wave stages in series. Most of the acoustic power is produced in the efficient traveling-wave stages. The straight-line series configuration is easy to build and allows no Gedeon streaming. The engine delivers up to 2 kW of acoustic power, with an efficiency (the ratio of acoustic power to heater power) of up to 20%. An understanding of the pressure and volume-velocity  waves is very good. The agreement between measured and calculated powers and temperatures is reasonable. Some of the measured thermal power that cannot be accounted for by calculation can be attributed to Rayleigh streaming in the two thermal buffer tubes with the largest aspect ratios. A straightforward extension of this work should yield cascade thermoacoustic engines with efficiencies of around 35-40% of the Carnot efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINES
KW  - CASCADES (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - RAYLEIGH waves
KW  - CARNOT cycle
N1  - Accession Number: 20548707; Gardner, D. L. 1 Swift, G. W. 1; Email Address: swift@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 114 Issue 4, p1905; Subject Term: ENGINES; Subject Term: CASCADES (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH waves; Subject Term: CARNOT cycle; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333618 Other Engine Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1612483
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ziegler, A.
AU  - Kisielowski, C.
AU  - Hoffmann, M.J.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Atomic Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy of the Intergranular Structure of a Y²O³-Containing Silicon Nitride Ceramic.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 86
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1777
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) employing focus-variation phase-reconstruction methods is used to image the atomic structure of grain boundaries in a silicon nitride ceramic at subangstrom resolution. Complementary energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy experiments revealed the presence of yttrium ions segregated to the 0.5-0.7-nm thin amorphous boundary layers that separate individual grains. Our objective here is probing if yttrium ions attach to the prismatic planes of the Si[sub 3]N[sub 4] at the interface toward the amorphous layer, using Scherzer and phasereconstruction imaging, as well as image simulation. Crystal structure images of grain boundaries in thin sample (<100 Å) areas do not reveal the attachment of yttrium at these positions, although lattice images from thicker areas do suggest the presence of yttrium at these sites. It is concluded that most of the yttrium atoms are located in the amorphous phase and only a few atoms may attach to the terminating prism plane. In this case, the line concentrations of such yttrium in the latter location are estimated to be at most one yttrium atom every 17 Å,. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11106011; Ziegler, A. 1 Kisielowski, C. 2 Hoffmann, M.J. 3 Ritchie, R.O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California  3: Institut für Keramik im Maschinenbau, Universität Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 86 Issue 10, p1777; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 75 Black and White Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Michael Z.
AU  - de Almeida, Valmor F.
AU  - Blom, Douglas A.
AU  - Allard, Lawrence F.
T1  - Self-Assembled Titania Mesostructues On Substrate Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 86
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1824
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Describes the formation of titania mesostructures formed by templating with block copolymers.  Potential applications in photovoltaic and photoluminescent devices, nanoelectronics, fuel cells and nonlinear optical devices.
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - COPOLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11106161; Hu, Michael Z. 1 de Almeida, Valmor F. 1 Blom, Douglas A. 1 Allard, Lawrence F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 86 Issue 10, p1824; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buchanan, III, A.C.
AU  - Kidder, Michelle K.
AU  - Britt, Phillip F.
T1  - Free-Radical Reactions under Diffusional Constraints: Orientation Does Matter in Hydrogen Transfer.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 125
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 11806
EP  - 11807
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Reports that even subtle changes in molecular orientation can significantly impact the rate of the hydrogen-transfer.  Radical relay mechanism that has much broader implications for bimolecular reactions occurring on surfaces under restricted diffusion; Pyrolysis of silica-immobilized 1,3-dipnenylpropane as the probe reaction.
KW  - FREE radicals (Chemistry)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - PYROLYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 11009184; Buchanan, III, A.C. 1; Email Address: buchananac@ornl.gov Kidder, Michelle K. 1 Britt, Phillip F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 39, p11806; Subject Term: FREE radicals (Chemistry); Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, E.
AU  - Islamoglu, Y.
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - Thermal analysis of high temperature ZrO2 insulation ceramic coatings on Ag tapes used as sheath of Bi-2212 superconducting materials using finite element method
JO  - Materials & Design
JF  - Materials & Design
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 24
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
SN  - 02613069
AB  - High temperature ZrO2-based insulation ceramic coatings were produced on Ag or AgMg sheathed Bi-2212 superconducting tapes by reel-to-reel sol–gel technique for magnet technology. These coatings are exposed to thermal loadings under annealing conditions. The residual stresses of the coatings with different thickness, as well as changes during thermal cycling were simulated by finite element analysis (FEA). It serves to produce model materials on which properties investigations are carried to better understand the one of industrially produced material. Results showed that the residual stress was the lowest for 1-μm thick coatings compared to that of 2- and 3-μm thick coatings, and the residual stresses increased with increased in coating thickness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMIC coating
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Finite element
KW  - High temperature superconducting
KW  - Insulation
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 10355272; Celik, E. 1,2; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Islamoglu, Y. 3 Akin, Y. 4 Hascicek, Y.S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Dokuz Eylul University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  2: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, JFCC, 4-1 Mutsuno, 2-Chome, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan  3: Sakarya University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Esentepe Campus, Sakarya 54187, Turkey  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, FSU, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 24 Issue 7, p543; Subject Term: CERAMIC coating; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature superconducting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0261-3069(02)00142-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Judith C.
AU  - Bradley, Stephen
AU  - Gibson, J. Murray
T1  - The oblate morphology of supported PtRu5 on carbon black
JO  - Materials Characterization
JF  - Materials Characterization
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 51
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 10445803
AB  - We have examined supported PtRu5 nanoparticles by a variety of electron microscopy techniques, including high-resolution, analytical and a unique mass-spectroscopic electron microscopy technique. The absolute intensity from very high angle annular dark-field images in a dedicated scanning transmission electron microscope can be quantified to determine the number of atoms in a nanoparticle on a support material. Analytical electron microscopy results revealed that the relative Pt:Ru atomic concentration in a nanoparticle does not vary significantly from particle to particle. The average diameter of the nanoparticles was 1.56 nm, and the average number of atoms was measured to be 24 atoms per nanoparticle. The combination of these techniques indicates that the PtRu5 nanoparticles are oblate on the carbon black support. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Characterization is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - Carbon black
KW  - Oblate morphology
KW  - Supported nanoparticles
N1  - Accession Number: 12098822; Yang, Judith C. 1; Email Address: jyang@engrng.pitt.edu Bradley, Stephen 2 Gibson, J. Murray 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 848 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA  2: UOP, 50 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, IL 60017, USA  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 51 Issue 2/3, p101; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: CARBON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon black; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oblate morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supported nanoparticles; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2003.09.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cowgill, M.G.
T1  - New Books
JO  - Materials Characterization
JF  - Materials Characterization
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 51
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 203
SN  - 10445803
N1  - Accession Number: 12098833; Cowgill, M.G. 1; Email Address: cowgill@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 830, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 51 Issue 2/3, p203; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2003.09.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ackerman, David M.
AU  - Skoulidas, Anastasios I.
AU  - Sholl, David S.
AU  - Johnson, J. Karl
T1  - Diffusivities of Ar and Ne in Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Molecular Simulation
JF  - Molecular Simulation
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct/Nov2003
VL  - 29
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
SN  - 08927022
AB  - Atomically detailed simulations are used to compute the self-diffusivity and transport diffusivity of Ar and Ne through single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) pores at room temperature. The diffusivities are computed over a range of loadings, corresponding to external equilibrium bulk pressures ranging from 0 to 100 bar. The diffusivities in carbon nanotubes are compared with diffusivities of the same gases in silicalite, a common zeolite, under the same conditions. We find that self-diffusivities are one to three orders of magnitude faster in carbon nanotubes than in silicalite, depending on loading. The transport diffusivities are about three orders of magnitude faster in nanotubes than in silicalite over all loadings studied. The equilibrium adsorption isotherms and computed diffusivities are used to predict fluxes through hypothetical membranes of nanotubes and silicalite. The fluxes for both Ar and Ne are predicted to be four orders of magnitude greater through nanotube membranes than through silicalite membranes of the same thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Simulation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ARGON
KW  - Argon diffusivity
KW  - Carbon nanotube membranes
KW  - Neon diffusivity
KW  - Silicalite membranes
N1  - Accession Number: 10665772; Ackerman, David M. 1 Skoulidas, Anastasios I. 2 Sholl, David S. 2,3 Johnson, J. Karl 1,3,4; Email Address: karlj@pitt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburch, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  3: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine, South Kensington, SW7 2AY, UK.; Source Info: Oct/Nov2003, Vol. 29 Issue 10/11, p677; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ARGON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Argon diffusivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon nanotube membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neon diffusivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicalite membranes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyons, Walter A.
AU  - Nelson, Thomas E.
AU  - Williams, Earle R.
AU  - Cummer, Steven A.
AU  - Stanley, Mark A.
T1  - Characteristics of Sprite-Producing Positive Cloud-to-Ground Lightning during the 19 July 2000 STEPS Mesoscale Convective Systems.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 131
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2417
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - During the summer of 2000, the Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study (STEPS) program deployed a three-dimensional Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) near Goodland, Kansas. Video confirmation of sprites triggered by lightning within storms traversing the LMA domain were coordinated with extremely low frequency (ELF) transient measurements in Rhode Island and North Carolina. Two techniques of estimating changes in vertical charge moment (M[sub q] ) yielded averages of ∼800 and ∼950 C km for 13 sprite-parent positive polarity cloud-to-ground strokes (+CGs). Analyses of the LMA's very high frequency (VHF) lightning emissions within the two mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) show that +CGs did not produce sprites until the centroid of the maximum density of lightning radiation emissions dropped from the upper part of the storm (7–11.5 km AGL) to much lower altitudes (2–5 km AGL). The average height of charge removal (Z[sub q] ) from 15 sprite-parent +CGs during the late mature phase of one MCS was 4.1 km AGL. Thus, the total charges lowered by sprite-parent +CGs were on the order of 200 C. The regional 0°C isotherm was located at about 4.0 km AGL. This suggests a possible linkage between sprite-parent CGs and melting-layer/brightband charge production mechanisms in MCS stratiform precipitation regions. These cases are supportive of the conceptual MCS sprite-production models previously proposed by two of the authors (Lyons and Williams). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHTNING
KW  - THUNDERSTORMS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - CONVECTION (Meteorology)
N1  - Accession Number: 10840846; Lyons, Walter A. 1; Email Address: walyons@frii.com Nelson, Thomas E. 1 Williams, Earle R. 2 Cummer, Steven A. 3 Stanley, Mark A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Yucca Ridge Field Station, FMA Research, Inc., Fort Collins, Colorado  2: Parsons Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina  4: NIS-1, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 131 Issue 10, p2417; Subject Term: LIGHTNING; Subject Term: THUNDERSTORMS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: CONVECTION (Meteorology); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jarman, Kenneth D.
AU  - Russell, Thomas F.
T1  - EULERIAN MOMENT EQUATIONS FOR 2-D STOCHASTIC IMMISCIBLE FLOW.
JO  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
JF  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 598
EP  - 608
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15403459
AB  - We solve statistical moment differential equations (MDEs) for immiscible flow in porous media in the limit of zero capillary pressure, with application to secondary oil recovery. Closure is achieved by Taylor expansion of the fractional flow function and a perturbation argument. Previous results in one dimension are extended to two dimensions. Comparison to Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) shows that the MDE approach gives a good approximation to total oil production. For such spatially integrated or averaged quantities MDEs may be substantially more efficient than MCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Multiscale Modeling & Simulation is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - EULERIAN graphs
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - RANDOM fields
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - moment equations
KW  - porous media
KW  - random fields
KW  - stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 11125061; Jarman, Kenneth D. 1; Email Address: kj@pnl.gov Russell, Thomas F. 2; Email Address: trussell@math.cudenver.edu; Affiliation:  1: Computational Sciences and Mathematics Division, Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 / MS K1-85, Richland, WA 99352  2: Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado, Denver, P.O. Box 173364, Campus Box 170, Denver, CO 80217-3364; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 1 Issue 4, p598; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: EULERIAN graphs; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: RANDOM fields; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: moment equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: random fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1540345902413176
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li
AU  - J.
AU  - Wang
AU  - L.-W.
T1  - Shape Effects on Electronic States of Nanocrystals.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 3
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1357
SN  - 15306984
AB  - High-performance supercomputing and high-fidelity atomistic methods are used to study the shape effects on the single-particle electronic states of nanocrystals. We found that the shape can be used as an efficient way to control the electronic structures of the nanocrystals. Changing the shape is more flexible and provides more variety of electronic states than simply changing the size of the system. The special features of the electronic states achieved by different shapes of the nanocrystals can be used in various device applications. Simple rules are summarized to predict the electronic structure shape effects on similar nanocrystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11031866; Li J. 1 Wang L.-W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 3 Issue 10, p1357; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dillon
AU  - A. C.
AU  - Mahan
AU  - A. H.
AU  - Parilla
AU  - P. A.
AU  - Alleman
AU  - J. L.
AU  - Heben
AU  - M. J.
AU  - Jones
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Gilbert
AU  - K. E. H.
T1  - Continuous Hot Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition of High-Density Carbon Multiwall Nanotubes.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 3
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1425
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) has been adapted to be a continuous growth process for high-density carbon multiwall nanotubes (MWNTs). MWNT growth is optimized in 1:5 CH4:Ar at 150 Torr with reactor temperatures of 400 and 550 °C for static and flowing gases, respectively. Ferrocene is employed to provide a gas-phase catalyst. Highly graphitic nanotubes can be continuously deposited with iron content as low as 15 wt % and carbon impurities below thermal gravimetric analysis detection limits. The MWNTs are simply purified to ~99.5 wt % with minimal structural damage and with a 75 wt % yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
N1  - Accession Number: 11031880; Dillon A. C. 1 Mahan A. H. 1 Parilla P. A. 1 Alleman J. L. 1 Heben M. J. 1 Jones K. M. 1 Gilbert K. E. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 3 Issue 10, p1425; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup K.
AU  - Dustin, Michael L.
AU  - Shaw, Andrey S.
T1  - In silico models for cellular and molecular immunology: successes, promises and challenges.
JO  - Nature Immunology
JF  - Nature Immunology
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 4
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 933
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 15292908
AB  - As with all scientific disciplines, advances in immunology are driven by experimental observations. Observations yield facts that can be integrated into hypotheses and theoretical models that are amenable to further experimental tests. The ultimate product of this iterative process of making observations and theoretical model building is mechanistic understanding. The creation of models has been essential in many important advances in biology; the most famous example is Watson and Crick's model for the structure of DNA. Exploration of ideas with conceptual models before the availability of experimental data has also led to the development of some of the basic paradigms of immunology. In the past three decades, advances in cell culture techniques, immunochemistry, recombinant DNA methodology, X-ray crystallography and the use of transgenic mice have enabled the explanation of diverse immunological phenomena in terms of protein structure and specific biochemical events. However, there are some recent indications that quantitative theoretical models can partner fruitfully with cellular experiments to substantially advance the understanding of molecular mechanisms that underlie key events such as T cell activation, T cell migration and thymocyte selection.
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - RECOMBINANT DNA
KW  - T cells
KW  - CELL migration
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 10945512; Chakraborty, Arup K. 1; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu Dustin, Michael L. 2 Shaw, Andrey S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and the Physical Biosciences and Materials Scineces Divisions, Lawrence berkeley National laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 USA.  2: Skirball Institute of Biomolecular medicine and Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.  3: Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8118, 660 South Euclid, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 4 Issue 10, p933; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: RECOMBINANT DNA; Subject Term: T cells; Subject Term: CELL migration; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/ni1003-933
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caparelli, Elisabeth C.
AU  - Tomasi, Dardo
AU  - Arnold, Sheeba
AU  - Chang, Linda
AU  - Ernst, Thomas
T1  - k-Space based summary motion detection for functional magnetic resonance imaging
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1411
SN  - 10538119
AB  - Functional MRI studies are very sensitive to motion; head movements of as little as 1-mm translations or 1° rotations may cause spurious signals. An algorithm was developed that uses k-space MRI data to monitor subject motion during functional MRI time series. A k-space weighted average of squared difference between the initial scan and subsequent scans is calculated, which summarizes subject motion in a single quality parameter; however, the quality parameter cannot be used for motion correction. The evolution of this quality parameter throughout a time series indicates whether head motion is within a predetermined limit. Fifty functional MRI studies were used to calibrate the sensitivity of the algorithm, using the six rigid-body registration parameters (three translations and three rotations) from the statistical parametric mapping (SPM99) package as a reference. The average correlation coefficient between the new quality parameter and the reference value from SPM was 0.84. The simple algorithm correctly classified acceptable or excessive motion with 90% accuracy, with the remaining 10% being borderline cases. This method makes it possible to evaluate brain motion within seconds after a scan and to decide whether a study needs to be repeated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAD
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - Brain movement
KW  - fMRI
KW  - k-space data
KW  - Motion detector
N1  - Accession Number: 11098857; Caparelli, Elisabeth C. 1; Email Address: caparelli@bnl.gov Tomasi, Dardo 1,2 Arnold, Sheeba 1 Chang, Linda 1 Ernst, Thomas 1; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de General San Martin, Alem 3901, 1651 V. Ballester, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p1411; Subject Term: HEAD; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: BRAIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain movement; Author-Supplied Keyword: fMRI; Author-Supplied Keyword: k-space data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motion detector; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00339-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jester, S.
T1  - What ignites optical jets?
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 47
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 13876473
AB  - The properties of radio galaxies and quasars with and without optical or X-ray jets are compared. The majority of jets from which high-frequency emission has been detected so far (13 with optical emission, 11 with X-rays, 13 with both) are associated with the most powerful radio sources at any given redshift. It is found that optical/X-ray jet sources are more strongly beamed than the average population of extragalactic radio sources. This suggests that the detection or non-detection of optical emission from jets has so far been dominated by surface brightness selection effects, not by jet physics. It implies that optical jets are much more common than is currently appreciated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO galaxies
KW  - QUASARS
KW  - RADIO sources (Astronomy)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - Acceleration of particles
KW  - Galaxies: jets
KW  - Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
N1  - Accession Number: 10926933; Jester, S. 1; Email Address: jester@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, MS 127, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 47 Issue 6/7, p427; Subject Term: RADIO galaxies; Subject Term: QUASARS; Subject Term: RADIO sources (Astronomy); Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acceleration of particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxies: jets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-6473(03)00064-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reijonen, J.
AU  - Eardley, M.
AU  - Gough, R.
AU  - Leung, K.
AU  - Thomae, R.
T1  - Microwave ion source for low charge state ion production
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 511
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Plasma and Ion Source Technology Group at LBNL have developed a microwave ion source. The source consists of a stainless-steel plasma chamber, a permanent-magnet dipole structure and a coaxial microwave feed. Measurements were carried out to characterize the plasma and the ion beam produced in the ion source. These measurements included current density, charge state distribution, gas efficiency and accelerated beam emittance measurements. Using a computer controlled data acquisition system a new method of determining the saturation ion current was developed. Current density of 3–6 mA/cm2 was measured with the source operating in the over dense mode. The highest measured charge-states were Ar5+, O3+ and Xe7+. Gas efficiency was measured using a calibrated argon leak. Depending on the source pressure and discharge power, more than 20% total gas efficiency was achieved. The emittance of the ion beam was measured by using a pepper-pot device. Certain spread was noticed in the beam emittance in the perpendicular direction to the source dipole field. For the parallel direction to the magnetic field, the normalized <f>rr′</f> emittance of 0.032 π-mm-mrad at 13 kV of acceleration voltage and beam exit aperture of 3-mm-in-diameter was measured. This compares relatively well with the simulated value of 4 rms, normalized emittance value of 0.024 π-mm-mrad. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - MICROWAVE plasmas
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - Charge state
KW  - ECR plasma heating
KW  - Emittance
KW  - Ion optics
KW  - Microwave ion source
N1  - Accession Number: 10806570; Reijonen, J.; Email Address: jreijonen@lbl.gov Eardley, M. 1 Gough, R. 1 Leung, K. 1 Thomae, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 5-119, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 511 Issue 3, p301; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: MICROWAVE plasmas; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge state; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECR plasma heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emittance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microwave ion source; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01931-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hazen, E.
AU  - Lawlor, C.
AU  - Rohlf, J.W.
AU  - Wu, S.X.
AU  - Baumbaugh, A.
AU  - Elias, J.E.
AU  - Freeman, J.
AU  - Green, D.
AU  - Lazic, D.
AU  - Los, S.
AU  - Ronzhin, A.
AU  - Sergueev, S.
AU  - Shaw, T.
AU  - Vidal, R.
AU  - Whitmore, J.
AU  - Zimmerman, T.
AU  - Adams, M.
AU  - Burchesky, K.
AU  - Qian, W.
AU  - Baden, A.
T1  - Radioactive source calibration technique for the CMS hadron calorimeter
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 511
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Relative calibration of the scintillator tiles used in the hadronic calorimeter for the Compact Muon Solenoid detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider is established and maintained using a radioactive source technique. A movable source can be positioned remotely to illuminate each scintillator tile individually, and the resulting photo-detector current is measured to provide the relative calibration. The unique measurement technique described here makes use of the normal high-speed data acquisition system required for signal digitization at the <f>40 MHz</f> collider frequency. The data paths for collider measurements and source measurements are then identical, and systematic uncertainties associated with having different signal paths are avoided. In this high-speed mode, the source signal is observed as a Poisson photo-electron distribution with a mean that is smaller than the width of the electronics noise (pedestal) distribution. We report demonstration of the technique using prototype electronics for the complete readout chain and show the typical response observed with a 144 channel test beam system. The electronics noise has a root-mean-square of 1.6 least counts, and a 1 mCi source produces a shift of the mean value of 0.1 least counts. Because of the speed of the data acquisition system, this shift can be measured to a statistical precision better than a fraction of a percent on a millisecond time scale. The result is reproducible to better than 2% over a time scale of 1 month. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - 29.90.+r
KW  - Hadron sampling calorimeter
KW  - Radioactive source calibration
N1  - Accession Number: 10806571; Hazen, E. 1 Lawlor, C. 1 Rohlf, J.W. 1; Email Address: rohlf@bu.edu Wu, S.X. 1 Baumbaugh, A. 2 Elias, J.E. 2 Freeman, J. 2 Green, D. 2 Lazic, D. 2 Los, S. 2 Ronzhin, A. 2 Sergueev, S. 2 Shaw, T. 2 Vidal, R. 2 Whitmore, J. 2 Zimmerman, T. 2 Adams, M. 3 Burchesky, K. 3 Qian, W. 3 Baden, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA  4: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 511 Issue 3, p311; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.90.+r; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hadron sampling calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive source calibration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01971-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horchani, K.
AU  - Gâcon, J.C.
AU  - Ferid, M.
AU  - Trabelsi-Ayedi, M.
AU  - Krachni, O.
AU  - Liu, G.K.
T1  - Energy levels of Pr3+ in CsPrP4O12 and RbPrP4O12 cyclotetraphosphates
JO  - Optical Materials
JF  - Optical Materials
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 09253467
AB  - Single crystals of CsPrP4O12 and RbPrP4O12 cyclotetraphosphates were grown using the flux method. CsPrP4O12 crystallizes in the cubic I-43d space group whereas RbPrP4O12 crystallizes either in the cubic I-43d or monoclinic C2/c space group. The Pr3+ ions occupy sites of S4 and C2 symmetries in the cubic and monoclinic phases, respectively, with an eightfold coordination in both phases. The present work reports on an analysis of the Pr3+ 4f2 energy level diagram based on the low temperature fluorescence spectra under laser selective excitation in the 3P2 states of the cubic CsPrP4O12 and monoclinic RbPrP4O12 compounds. The experimental energy levels are fitted using the SPECTRA program available on the Argonne National Laboratory website. The best fits lead to standard deviations in the order of 28 and 21 cm−1 for the CsPrP4O12 and RbPrP4O12 materials, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optical Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11002320; Horchani, K. 1; Email Address: horchani@pcml.univ-lyon1.fr Gâcon, J.C. 1 Ferid, M. 2 Trabelsi-Ayedi, M. 3 Krachni, O. 4 Liu, G.K. 5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents, UMR CNRS No. 5620, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France  2: Laboratoire des Procédés Chimiques, Institut National de Recherche Scientifique et Technique, B.P. 95, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia  3: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Minérale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia  4: Institut de Physique, Université Ferhat Abbas, 19000 Sétif, Algeria  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1/2, p169; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-3467(03)00121-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11002320&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scheuring, István
AU  - Czárán, Tamás
AU  - Szabó, Péter
AU  - Károlyi, György
AU  - Toroczkai, Zoltán
T1  - Spatial Models of Prebiotic Evolution: Soup Before Pizza?
JO  - Origins of Life & Evolution of the Biosphere
JF  - Origins of Life & Evolution of the Biosphere
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 355
SN  - 01696149
AB  - The problem of information integration andresistance to the invasion of parasitic mutants in prebiotic replicator systemsis a notorious issue of research on the origin of life.Almost all theoretical studies published so far havedemonstrated that some kind of spatial structure is indispensable forthe persistence and/or the parasite resistance of any feasible replicator system.Based on a detailed critical survey of spatial models on prebiotic informationintegration, we suggest a possible scenario for replicator system evolution leadingto the emergence of the first protocells capable of independent life.We show that even the spatial versions of the hypercycle model are vulnerable toselfish parasites in heterogeneous habitats. Contrary, the metabolic system remainspersistent and coexistent with its parasites both on heterogeneous surfaces andin chaotically mixing flowing media. Persistent metabolic parasites can beconverted to metabolic cooperators, or they can gradually obtain replicase activity.Our simulations show that, once replicase activity emerged, a gradual and simultaneousevolutionary improvement of replicase functionality (speed and fidelity) andtemplate efficiency is possible only on a surface that constrains the mobility ofmacromolecule replicators. Based on the results of the models reviewed, we suggestthat open chaotic flows (`soup') and surface dynamics (`pizza') both played keyroles in the sequence of evolutionary events ultimately concluding in theappearance of the first living cell on Earth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Origins of Life & Evolution of the Biosphere is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - coexistence
KW  - early evolution
KW  - Eigen's paradox
KW  - open chaotic flow
KW  - parasites
KW  - prebiotic pizza
KW  - prebiotic soup
KW  - RNA-world
N1  - Accession Number: 52535112; Scheuring, István 1; Czárán, Tamás 1; Email Address: shieazsf@ludens.elte.hu; Szabó, Péter 2; Károlyi, György; Toroczkai, Zoltán 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Plant Taxonomy and Ecology, Research Group of Ecology and Theoretical Biology, Eötvös University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/c H-1117 Budapest Hungary; 2: Adaptive Dynamics Network, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, A-2361 Laxenburg Austria; 3: Complex Systems Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545 USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 33 Issue 4/5, p319; Author-Supplied Keyword: coexistence; Author-Supplied Keyword: early evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eigen's paradox; Author-Supplied Keyword: open chaotic flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: parasites; Author-Supplied Keyword: prebiotic pizza; Author-Supplied Keyword: prebiotic soup; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA-world; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/A:1025742505324
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=52535112&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chervenak, Ann
AU  - Deelman, Ewa
AU  - Kesselman, Carl
AU  - Allcock, Bill
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Nefedova, Veronika
AU  - Lee, Jason
AU  - Sim, Alex
AU  - Shoshani, Arie
AU  - Drach, Bob
AU  - Williams, Dean
AU  - Middleton, Don
T1  - High-performance remote access to climate simulation data: a challenge problem for data grid technologies
JO  - Parallel Computing
JF  - Parallel Computing
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 29
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1335
SN  - 01678191
AB  - In numerous scientific disciplines, terabyte and petabyte-scale data collections are emerging as critical community resources. A new class of “data grid” infrastructure is required to support management, transport, distributed access to, and analysis of these datasets by potentially thousands of users. Researchers who face this challenge include the climate modeling community, which performs long-duration computations accompanied by frequent output of very large files that must be further analyzed. We describe the Earth System Grid-I prototype, which brings together advanced analysis, replica management, data transfer, request management, and other technologies to support high-performance, interactive analysis of replicated data. We present performance results that demonstrate our ability to manage the location and movement of large datasets from the user’s desktop. We report on experiments conducted over SciNET at SC’2000, where we achieved peak performance of 1.55 Gb/s and sustained performance of 512.9 Mb/s for data transfers between Texas and California. Finally, we describe the development of the next-generation Earth System Grid-II (ESG-II) project. Important issues for ESG-II include security requirements for production environments, efficient data filtering and transport, metadata services for discovery of relevant climate datasets, and sophisticated request or workflow management for complex tasks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Parallel Computing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REMOTE access networks
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - MODELS & modelmaking
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - Earth System Grid
KW  - Globus Toolkit®
KW  - Grid computing
KW  - GridFTP
N1  - Accession Number: 10925491; Chervenak, Ann 1 Deelman, Ewa 1 Kesselman, Carl 1 Allcock, Bill 2 Foster, Ian 2; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov Nefedova, Veronika 2 Lee, Jason 3 Sim, Alex 3 Shoshani, Arie 3 Drach, Bob 4 Williams, Dean 4 Middleton, Don 5; Affiliation:  1: Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, 4676 Admiralty Way, Suite 1001, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS-65, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550-9234, USA  5: National Center for Atmospheric Research, 1850 Table Mesa Drive, Boulder, CO 80305, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 29 Issue 10, p1335; Subject Term: REMOTE access networks; Subject Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Subject Term: MODELS & modelmaking; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earth System Grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Globus Toolkit®; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: GridFTP; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.parco.2003.06.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahmadi, Goodarz
AU  - Chunhong He, Goodarz
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
AU  - Ramer, Everett
T1  - Gas Flow and Particle Transport and Deposition in a Pilot-Scale Furnace.
JO  - Particulate Science & Technology
JF  - Particulate Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10//Oct-Dec2003
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 386
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 02726351
AB  - The present work describes a computer simulation study of gas flow and particle transport and deposition in a pilot-scale furnace with cooling system. The Gambit code is used to generate the geometry and the computational grid. An unstructured mesh is generated for the pilot-scale boiler. The FLUENT code is used for evaluating the gas mean velocity, turbulence fluctuation energy, and mean pressure, as well as temperature fields and chemical species concentrations. The particle equation of motion includes the nonlinear drag, gravity, Brownian, lift, and thermophoretic forces. The gas velocity and thermal conditions in the furnace are studied. Ensembles of particle trajectories are generated and statistically analyzed. Particle deposition rates on different walls are evaluated, and the effect of particle size is studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Particulate Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS flow
KW  - FURNACES
KW  - furnace flow
KW  - furnace temperature
KW  - particle deposition
KW  - particle transport
KW  - simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 11292438; Ahmadi, Goodarz 1; Email Address: ahmadi@clarkson.edu Chunhong He, Goodarz 1 Smith, Duane H. 2 Ramer, Everett 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy; Source Info: Oct-Dec2003, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p375; Subject Term: GAS flow; Subject Term: FURNACES; Author-Supplied Keyword: furnace flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: furnace temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423720 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adiga, P.S. Umesh
AU  - Flint, Jonathan
T1  - An efficient tool for genetic experiments: agarose gel image analysis
JO  - Pattern Recognition
JF  - Pattern Recognition
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2453
SN  - 00313203
AB  - Repeatability of many genetic analysis experiments can be improved by the application of signal processing and image-processing tools. Most of the experiments in genetics result in some sort of digital signal or image patterns that are subjectively analyzed by the geneticists. This paper presents an example project where image-processing techniques are applied for automation of most of the routine processes of agarose gel image analysis. Result of applying this program has shown that the time taken for the analysis has been reduced by about 70% and the result is reproducible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Pattern Recognition is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - Agarose
KW  - Allele
KW  - Classification
KW  - DNA
KW  - Filtering
KW  - Gel
KW  - Segmentation
N1  - Accession Number: 10319895; Adiga, P.S. Umesh 1; Email Address: upadiga@lbl.gov Flint, Jonathan 2; Email Address: jonathan.flint@well.ox.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Computing Sciences, University of California, MS. 50A-1148, 1, Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Psychiatric Genetics Group, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, UK; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 36 Issue 10, p2453; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Agarose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Allele; Author-Supplied Keyword: Classification; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segmentation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0031-3203(03)00129-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10319895&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackie Wicz, Jason A.
AU  - Blagoev, Krastan B.
AU  - Bedell, Kevin S.
T1  - A model for coexistent superconductivity and ferromagnetism.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/10//10/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 3247
SN  - 14786435
AB  - We explore the various temperature dependences and thermodynamic quantities of a mean-field model of a ferromagnetic-superconducting system. The starting point for this model is based on an s-wave pairing scheme in the singlet channel of the superconducting state and a spontaneously broken-symmetry phase in the ferromagnetic state. We show numerically and analytically that a state of coexistence reveals itself and is favoured energetically over other possible states, and a simple phase diagram is developed. Finally, a comparison of the specific heat with experiment is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11094079; Jackie Wicz, Jason A. 1; Email Address: Jackiewi@mail.bc.edu. Blagoev, Krastan B. 2 Bedell, Kevin S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA.  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; Source Info: 10/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 28, p3247; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001606145
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11094079&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalosakas, G.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Intrinsic inhomogeneity due to nonlinearity
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 338
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Presence of strong nonlinearity in a material, either explicit, or effective (resulting from the interaction of coupled degrees of freedom), can lead to intrinsic inhomogeneity even in a periodic extended system. We briefly discuss two examples where such a breaking of the translational symmetry due to nonlinearity (i) determines the optical features (in particular the resonance Raman scattering spectra) of a quasi-one-dimensional halogen-bridged mixed-valence transition metal complex, and (ii) enhances the trapping of a charge in a model of DNA, which is likely to affect the long-range transport properties in this biomolecule. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - DEGREES of freedom
KW  - INHOMOGENEOUS materials
KW  - TRANSITION metal complexes
KW  - 87.10.+e
KW  - Charge trapping in DNA
KW  - Intrinsic localization
KW  - Raman red-shifts
N1  - Accession Number: 11325799; Kalosakas, G. 1; Email Address: georgek@lanl.gov Bishop, A.R.; Email Address: arb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 338 Issue 1-4, p87; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: DEGREES of freedom; Subject Term: INHOMOGENEOUS materials; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: 87.10.+e; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge trapping in DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intrinsic localization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman red-shifts; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00466-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11325799&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pletzer, A.
AU  - Shvets, G.
T1  - Simulating photons and plasmons in a three-dimensional lattice
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 338
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Three-dimensional metallic photonic structures are studied using a newly developed mixed finite element-finite difference (FE-FD) code, Curly3d. The code solves the vector Helmholtz equation as an eigenvalue problem in the unit cell of a triply periodic lattice composed of conductors and/or dielectrics. The mixed FE-FD discretization scheme ensures rapid numerical convergence of the eigenvalue and allows the code to run at low resolution. Plasmon and photonic band structure calculations are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - 3-D
KW  - Band structure
KW  - Helmholtz equation
KW  - Mixed FE-FD
KW  - Perfect conductor
N1  - Accession Number: 11325853; Pletzer, A. 1; Email Address: apletzer@pppl.gov Shvets, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 338 Issue 1-4, p190; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PLASMONS (Physics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-D; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helmholtz equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed FE-FD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perfect conductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00485-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11325853&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - G. Berryman, James
T1  - Electrokinetic effects and fluid permeability
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 338
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Fluid permeability of porous media depends mainly on connectivity of the pore space and two physical parameters: porosity and a pertinent length-scale parameter. Electrical imaging methods typically establish connectivity and directly measure electrical conductivity, which can then often be related to porosity by Archie''s law. When electrical phase measurements are made in addition to the amplitude measurements, information about the pertinent length scale can then be obtained. Since fluid permeability controls the ability to flush unwanted fluid contaminants from the subsurface, inexpensive maps of permeability could improve planning strategies for remediation efforts. Detailed knowledge of fluid permeability is also important for oil field exploitation, where knowledge of permeability distribution in three dimensions is a common requirement for petroleum reservoir simulation and analysis, as well as for estimates on the economics of recovery. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Electrical impedance tomography
KW  - Electrokinetic phenomena
KW  - Fluid permeability
N1  - Accession Number: 11325875; G. Berryman, James 1; Email Address: berryman1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P. O. Box 808 L-200, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 338 Issue 1-4, p270; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical impedance tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrokinetic phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid permeability; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.08.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11325875&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paul, M.R.
AU  - Chiam, K.-H.
AU  - Cross, M.C.
AU  - Fischer, P.F.
AU  - Greenside, H.S.
T1  - Pattern formation and dynamics in Rayleigh–Be´nard convection: numerical simulations of experimentally realistic geometries
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 184
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
SN  - 01672789
AB  - Rayleigh–Be´nard convection is studied and quantitative comparisons are made, where possible, between theory and experiment by performing numerical simulations of the Boussinesq equations for a variety of experimentally realistic situations. Rectangular and cylindrical geometries of varying aspect ratios for experimental boundary conditions, including fins and spatial ramps in plate separation, are examined with particular attention paid to the role of the mean flow. A small cylindrical convection layer bounded laterally either by a rigid wall, fin, or a ramp is investigated and our results suggest that the mean flow plays an important role in the observed wavenumber. Analytical results are developed quantifying the mean flow sources, generated by amplitude gradients, and its effect on the pattern wavenumber for a large-aspect-ratio cylinder with a ramped boundary. Numerical results are found to agree well with these analytical predictions. We gain further insight into the role of mean flow in pattern dynamics by employing a novel method of quenching the mean flow numerically. Simulations of a spiral defect chaos state where the mean flow is suddenly quenched is found to remove the time dependence, increase the wavenumber and make the pattern more angular in nature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAYLEIGH-Benard convection
KW  - HEAT -- Convection
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Boussinesq equations
KW  - Nonequilibrium systems
KW  - Rayleigh–Bénard convection
N1  - Accession Number: 10864227; Paul, M.R. 1; Email Address: mpaul@caltech.edu Chiam, K.-H. 1 Cross, M.C. 1 Fischer, P.F. 2 Greenside, H.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology 114-36, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne, National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0305, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 184 Issue 1-4, p114; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH-Benard convection; Subject Term: HEAT -- Convection; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boussinesq equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonequilibrium systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayleigh–Bénard convection; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-2789(03)00216-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iliescu, Traian
AU  - Fischer, Paul F.
T1  - Large eddy simulation of turbulent channel flows by the rational large eddy simulation model.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3036
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - The rational large eddy simulation (RLES) model is applied to turbulent channel flows. This approximate deconvolution model is based on a rational (subdiagonal Padé) approximation of the Fourier transform of the Gaussian filter and is proposed as an alternative to the gradient (also known as the nonlinear or tensor-diffusivity) model. We used a spectral element code to perform large eddy simulations of incompressible channel flows at Reynolds numbers based on the friction velocity and the channel half-width Re[sub τ]=180 and Re[sub τ]=395. We compared the RLES model with the gradient model and the Smagorinsky model with Van Driest damping. The RLES model was much more stable than the gradient model and yielded improved results. Both the RLES model and the gradient model predicted the off-diagonal Reynolds stresses better than the Smagorinsky model with Van Driest damping. The latter, however, yielded better results for the diagonal Reynolds stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - EDDIES
N1  - Accession Number: 10759699; Iliescu, Traian 1 Fischer, Paul F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 15 Issue 10, p3036; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: EDDIES; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ristorcelli, J.R.
T1  - The self-preserving decay of isotropic turbulence: Analytic solutions for energy and dissipation.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3248
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - Analytic solutions for the nonlinear single-point equations, describing the isotropic decay of turbulence, as first formulated by von Kármán and Howarth [Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 164, 192 (1938)] are given. The asymptotic solution indicates the self-preserving k(t)∼t[sup -1] scaling demonstrated in the fixed-point analysis of Speziale and Bernard [J. Fluid Mech. 241, 645 (1992)]. The solutions are exact for a decay with Taylor microscale similarity in which the skewness and palinstrophy coefficients are constant. The approach to the k(t)∼t[sup -1] decay, though not reached in finite time (mathematically speaking), is approached fairly rapidly for typical palinstrophies. An expression for the evolution of the Taylor microscale as a function of the Reynolds number and the palinstrophy is derived. Expansion of the exact solution for small time shows a slow departure from the initial condition, depending on the initial Taylor microscale Reynolds number, as seen in numerical solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 10759823; Ristorcelli, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 15 Issue 10, p3248; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, J.
AU  - Nebel, R.A.
AU  - Rellergert, W.G.
AU  - Sekora, M.D.
T1  - Experimental studies of electrostatic confinement on the intense neutron source-electron device.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3841
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Theoretical works by Barnes and Nebel [R. A. Nebel and D. C. Barnes, Fusion Technol. 38, 28 (1998); D. C. Barnes and R. A. Nebel, Phys. Plasmas 5, 2498 (1998)] have suggested that a tiny oscillating ion cloud may undergo a self-similar collapse in a harmonic oscillator potential formed by a uniform electron background. By tuning the external radio-frequency electric fields to this naturally occurring mode, it is then possible to heat the ions to obtain very high densities and temperatures simultaneously during the collapse phase of the oscillation through adiabatic compression. However, a major uncertainty in this oscillating plasma scheme is the dynamics and stability of the background electrons in the virtual cathode. Recent work based on the electron fluid equations have demonstrated that the required electron cloud is susceptible to an instability that is analogous to the Rayleigh–Taylor mode present in fluid mechanics [R. A. Nebel and J. M. Finn, Phys. Plasmas 8, 1505 (2001)]. This paper describes an inertial electrostatic confinement device at Los Alamos National Laboratory that is being used to test the electron dynamics in a virtual cathode and will subsequently be used to verify this heating and compression scheme. Results from the device operation will be presented including the formation of deep potential wells and bifurcations in the potential equilibria. A simple model is used to explain this bifurcation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10876441; Park, J. 1 Nebel, R.A. 1 Rellergert, W.G. 1 Sekora, M.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, MS E526, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p3841; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1605740
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaye, S.M.
AU  - Bush, C.E.
AU  - Fredrickson, E.
AU  - LeBlanc, B.
AU  - Maingi, R.
AU  - Sabbagh, S.A.
T1  - Low- to high-confinement mode transitions in the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3953
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Edge data from plasmas in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [S. Kaye et al., Fusion Technol. 36, 16 (1999)] have been compared to theories of transport suppression that have been used to develop a physics framework for low-confinement (L) to high-confinement (H) mode transitions. The NSTX data were obtained in low aspect ratio (R/a≃1.3) discharges taken from a variety of discharge phases, including L-modes, L-H transitions and H-modes with and without edge localized modes. The comparisons show that the group of points taken just before the L-H mode transition are well mixed with the purely L-mode group to within the measurement uncertainties, indicating that changes in these parameters leading up to the transition are subtle. One of the theory parameters, α[sub MHD]=-Rq[sup 2] dβ[sub t]/dr, does show a clear threshold (α[sub MHD]=1 to 2) between the H-mode grouping of points and those remaining in the L-mode or taken just prior to the transition. Additionally, there is no evidence for an edge temperature threshold necessary for transitioning into the H-mode. NSTX data indicate further a possible connection between L-H transitions and nonambipolar beam ion losses. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 10876426; Kaye, S.M. 1 Bush, C.E. 2 Fredrickson, E. 1 LeBlanc, B. 1 Maingi, R. 2 Sabbagh, S.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  3: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p3953; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1608934
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammett, G.W.
AU  - Jardin, S.C.
AU  - Stratton, B.C.
T1  - Non-existence of normal tokamak equilibria with negative central current.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4048
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Recent tokamak experiments employing off-axis, non-inductive current drive have found that a large central current hole can be produced. The current density is measured to be approximately zero in this region, though in principle there was sufficient current drive power for the central current density to have gone significantly negative. Recent papers have used a large aspect-ratio expansion to show that normal magnetohydrodynamic equilibria (with axisymmetric nested flux surfaces, non-singular fields, and monotonic peaked pressure profiles) cannot exist with negative central current. That proof is extended here to arbitrary aspect ratio, using a variant of the virial theorem to derive a relatively simple integral constraint on the equilibrium. However, this constraint does not, by itself, exclude equilibria with non-nested flux surfaces, or equilibria with singular fields and/or hollow pressure profiles that may be spontaneously generated. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - TOKAMAKS
N1  - Accession Number: 10876417; Hammett, G.W. 1; Email Address: hammett@princeton.edu Jardin, S.C. 1 Stratton, B.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p4048; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1608935
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewandowski, J.L.V.
T1  - Gyrokinetic simulations of microinstabilities in stellarator geometry.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4053
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A computational study of microinstabilities in general geometry is presented. The ion gyrokinetic is solved as an initial value problem. The advantage of this approach is the accurate treatment of some important kinetic effects. The magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium is obtained from a three-dimensional local equilibrium model. The use of a local magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium model allows for a computationally efficient systematic study of the impact of the magnetic structure on microinstabilities. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC instabilities
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 10876416; Lewandowski, J.L.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p4053; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC instabilities; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1609987
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, R.B.
AU  - DeGroot, J.S.
AU  - Mehlhorn, T.A.
AU  - Welch, D.R.
AU  - Oliver, B.V.
T1  - Collimation of PetaWatt laser-generated relativistic electron beams propagating through solid matter.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4169
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Particle-in-cell simulations aimed at developing methods to control the relativistic electron beam blowup observed in recent laser-plasma experiments are described. By radially layering vacuum gaps and/or dissimilar materials with varying ionizability, a negative radial gradient in plasma density would be formed. This gradient results in confining fields that can, in principle, confine the hot electron column to nearly the laser injection spot size. Fully kinetic ion dynamics are included, to account for heavy particle transport effects across interfaces. Potential applications include radiography, electron beam focusing, and perhaps beam collimation for fast ignition. Experiments are presently being planned to test this concept. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PLASMA density
KW  - RELATIVITY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10876401; Campbell, R.B. 1; Email Address: rbcampb@sandia.gov DeGroot, J.S. 1,2,3 Mehlhorn, T.A. 1 Welch, D.R. 4 Oliver, B.V.; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories  2: Plasma Research Group  3: Department of Applied Science, University of California  4: Mission Research Corp.; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p4169; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PLASMA density; Subject Term: RELATIVITY (Physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1609444
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Jangsoon
AU  - Ryba, Earle
AU  - Bai, Jianming
T1  - Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction studies on the structures of polyurethane films and their effects on adhesion to Al substrates
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 44
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6663
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction was carried out to analyze the structure of polyurethane films as a function of X-ray penetration depth by varying the angle of incidence. Coherence lengths, interplanar spacings, and crystallinities were obtained for non-aged and aged films of OH numbers of 120, 375, and 600 bonded to an aluminum substrate. Aging led to the improvement of bulk crystallinity of all the samples, particularly in the case of the aged PU-375 film, for which a dramatic increase of the bond strength was observed. The crystallinity of non-aged samples varied from the air/polymer surface down to the polymer/aluminum interface. Invariance of coherence length from air surface to interface was observed for PU-120 and PU-375 samples, implying that substrate-induced ordering has little effect on the average crystallite size. As the X-ray penetration increases near the polymer/Al interface, interplanar spacing of (021) reflection in all the films approach the value found for a bulk polyurethane-urea by Ishihara et al. The bond strength of the polyurethane film to the aluminum was exponentially proportional to the crystallinity including the crystalline interphase formed near the substrate. It is also found that the polymer film containing more (100) planes provided higher bond strength. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYURETHANES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - ALUMINUM compounds
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - Polyurethane
N1  - Accession Number: 10805546; Kim, Jangsoon 1; Email Address: jangskim@lgchem.com Ryba, Earle 1 Bai, Jianming 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, TN 37831-6062, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 44 Issue 21, p6663; Subject Term: POLYURETHANES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: ALUMINUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyurethane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00682-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gillen, Kenneth T.
AU  - Celina, Mathew
AU  - Bernstein, Robert
T1  - Validation of improved methods for predicting long-term elastomeric seal lifetimes from compression stress–relaxation and oxygen consumption techniques
JO  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
JF  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 01413910
AB  - Conventional high-temperature compression stress–relaxation (CSR) experiments (e.g., using a Shawbury–Wallace relaxometer) measure the force periodically at room temperature. In this paper, we first describe modifications that allow the force measurements to be made isothermally and show that such measurements lead to more accurate estimates of sealing force decay. We then use conventional Arrhenius analysis and linear extrapolation of the high-temperature (80–110 °C) CSR results for two commercial butyl o-ring materials (Butyl-A and Butyl-B) to show that Butyl-B is predicted to have approximately three times longer lifetime at room temperature (23 °C). To test the linear extrapolation assumed by the Arrhenius approach, we conducted ultrasensitive oxygen consumption measurements from 110 °C to room temperature for the two butyl materials. The results indicated that linear extrapolation of the high temperature CSR results for Butyl-A was reasonable whereas a significant curvature to a lower activation energy was observed for Butyl-B below 80 °C. Using the oxygen consumption results to extrapolate the CSR results from 80 °C to 23 °C resulted in the conclusion that Butyl-B would actually degrade much faster than Butyl-A at 23 °C, the opposite of the earlier conclusion based solely on extrapolation of the high-temperature CSR results. Since samples of both materials that had aged in the field for ∼20 years at 23 °C were available, it was possible to check the predictions using compression set measurements made on the field materials. The comparisons were in accord with the extrapolated predictions made using the ultrasensitive oxygen consumption measurements, underscoring the power of this extrapolation approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS relaxation (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SEALING (Technology)
KW  - ARRHENIUS equation
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - Aging
KW  - Arrhenius extrapolation
KW  - Butyl rubber
KW  - Compression stress relaxation
KW  - Lifetime prediction
KW  - O-rings
KW  - Oxygen consumption
KW  - Seals
N1  - Accession Number: 10688688; Gillen, Kenneth T.; Email Address: ktgille@sandia.gov Celina, Mathew 1 Bernstein, Robert 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Materials Aging and Reliability, Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 82 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: STRESS relaxation (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SEALING (Technology); Subject Term: ARRHENIUS equation; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arrhenius extrapolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Butyl rubber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compression stress relaxation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lifetime prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: O-rings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen consumption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seals; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00159-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sterne, P.A.
AU  - Larrimore, L.
AU  - Hastings, P.
AU  - Bug, A.L.R.
T1  - New theories for positrons in insulators
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 68
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - We present a novel path-integral Monte Carlo method for calculating ortho-positronium lifetimes in insulators and illustrate the method with calculations for positronium in hard spheres, solid argon, and a simple zeolite structure. In argon, we find that the positronium wavefunction is compressed, suggesting that the contact potential may be larger than unity. We discuss the difference in physical pictures between our method and the widely used Tao-Eldrup model, and indicate how our approach can address complicated geometries and chemical effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - POSITRONIUM
KW  - PRODUCTIVE life span
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 10808892; Sterne, P.A. 1; Email Address: sterne1@llnl.gov Larrimore, L. 2 Hastings, P. 2 Bug, A.L.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-415, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 68 Issue 3/4, p409; Subject Term: POSITRONIUM; Subject Term: PRODUCTIVE life span; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00192-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamza, A.
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, P.
AU  - Stoeffl, W.
AU  - Howell, R.
AU  - Miller, D.
AU  - Denison, A.
T1  - Development of positron diffraction and holography at LLNL
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 68
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - A low-energy positron diffraction and holography spectrometer is currently being constructed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to study surfaces and adsorbed structures. This instrument will operate in conjunction with the LLNL intense positron beam produced by the 100 MeV LINAC allowing data to be acquired in minutes rather than days. Positron diffraction possesses certain advantages over electron diffraction which are discussed. Details of the instrument based on that of low-energy electron diffraction are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - POSITRON beams
KW  - Diffraction
KW  - Holography
KW  - Positron annihilation
KW  - Surface characterization
N1  - Accession Number: 10808946; Hamza, A. 1 Asoka-Kumar, P. 1 Stoeffl, W. 1 Howell, R. 1 Miller, D. 1 Denison, A.; Email Address: denison2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail Stop: L-280, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 68 Issue 3/4, p635; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Subject Term: POSITRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron annihilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface characterization; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00253-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moxom, Jeremy
AU  - Xu, Jun
T1  - A positron lifetime spectrometer for a DC positron beam
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 68
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 651
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - A lifetime spectrometer for use with an isotope-based DC positron beam is described. The system utilizes secondary electrons emitted from the sample and annihilation gamma rays to determine positron lifetimes. The device has been tested with porous silica films capped with a 25 nm layer of Cu. For positron implantation energies between 1.7 and 15 keV, the time resolution was found to be between 985 and 425 ps, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRON beams
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Positron beam
KW  - Positron lifetime spectroscopy
KW  - Positronium
N1  - Accession Number: 10808950; Moxom, Jeremy 1 Xu, Jun; Email Address: xuj2@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS 6142, Oak Ridge TN 37831-6142, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 68 Issue 3/4, p651; Subject Term: POSITRON beams; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron lifetime spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positronium; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00287-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Priedhorsky, William C.
AU  - Borozdin, Konstantin N.
AU  - Hogan, Gary E.
AU  - Morris, Christopher
AU  - Saunders, Alexander
AU  - Schultz, Larry J.
AU  - Teasdale, Margaret E.
T1  - Detection of high-Z objects using multiple scattering of cosmic ray muons.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4294
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We demonstrate that high-Z material can be detected and located in three dimensions using radiographs formed by cosmic-ray muons. Detection of high-Z material hidden inside large volume of ordinary cargo is an important and timely task given the danger associated with illegal transport of uranium and heavier elements. Existing radiography techniques are inefficient for shielded material, often expensive and involve radiation hazards, real and perceived. We recently demonstrated that radiographs can be formed using cosmic-ray muons [K. N. Borozdin et al., Nature (London) 422, 277 (2003)]. Here, we show that compact, high-Z objects can be detected and located in three dimensions with muon radiography. The natural flux of cosmic-ray muons [P. K. F. Grieder, Cosmic Rays at Earth (Elsevier, New York, 2001)], approximately 10 000 m-2 min-1, can form useful images in ∼1 min, using large-area muon detectors like those used in high-energy physics. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - MUONS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 10921039; Priedhorsky, William C. 1; Email Address: wpriedhorsky@lanl.gov Borozdin, Konstantin N. 1 Hogan, Gary E. 1 Morris, Christopher 1 Saunders, Alexander 1 Schultz, Larry J. 1 Teasdale, Margaret E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 74 Issue 10, p4294; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606536
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taccetti, J.M.
AU  - Intrator, T.P.
AU  - Wurden, G.A.
AU  - Zhang, S.Y.
AU  - Aragonez, R.
AU  - Assmus, P.N.
AU  - Bass, C.M.
AU  - Carey, C.
AU  - deVries, S.A.
AU  - Fienup, W.J.
AU  - Furno, I.
AU  - Hsu, S.C.
AU  - Kozar, M.P.
AU  - Langner, M.C.
AU  - Liang, J.
AU  - Maqueda, R.J.
AU  - Martinez, R.A.
AU  - Sanchez, P.G.
AU  - Schoenberg, K.F.
AU  - Scott, K.J.
T1  - FRX-L: A field-reversed configuration plasma injector for magnetized target fusion.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4314
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We describe the experiment and technology leading to a target plasma for the magnetized target fusion research effort, an approach to fusion wherein a plasma with embedded magnetic fields is formed and subsequently adiabatically compressed to fusion conditions. The target plasmas under consideration, field-reversed configurations (FRCs), have the required closed-field-line topology and are translatable and compressible. Our goal is to form high-density (10[sup 17] cm[sup -3]) FRCs on the field-reversed experiment-liner (FRX-L) device, inside a 36 cm long, 6.2 cm radius theta coil, with 5 T peak magnetic field and an azimuthal electric field as high as 1 kV/cm. FRCs have been formed with an equilibrium density n[sub e]≈(1 to 2)×10[sup 16] cm[sup -3], T[sub e]+T[sub i]≈250 eV, and excluded flux ≈2 to 3 mWb. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 10921034; Taccetti, J.M. 1; Email Address: taccetti@lanl.gov Intrator, T.P. 1 Wurden, G.A. 1 Zhang, S.Y. 1 Aragonez, R. 1 Assmus, P.N. 1 Bass, C.M. 1 Carey, C. 1 deVries, S.A. 1 Fienup, W.J. 1 Furno, I. 1 Hsu, S.C. 1 Kozar, M.P. 1 Langner, M.C. 1 Liang, J. 1 Maqueda, R.J. 1 Martinez, R.A. 1 Sanchez, P.G. 1 Schoenberg, K.F. 1 Scott, K.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 74 Issue 10, p4314; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606534
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, John F.C.
AU  - McLain, Sylvia E.
AU  - Free, Timothy H.
AU  - Benmore, Chris J.
AU  - Herwig, Kenneth W.
AU  - Siewenie, Joan E.
T1  - Sample containment for neutron and high-energy x-ray scattering studies of hydrogen fluoride and related molecular species.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4410
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The design of a suite of sample cells and sample preparation facilities to investigate the structure and dynamics of chemically reactive molecular fluorides, using high-energy x-ray and neutron scattering, is reported. A detailed discussion of both the neutronic and chemical considerations is provided, in support of the choice of the material of cell construction for both structural and dynamical experiments. The discussion of this suite of equipment also includes a detailed design of a hybrid high-vacuum Schlenk line for sample preparation. These cells were specifically designed to study hydrogen fluoride but may be used for other species that exhibit similar chemical reactivity. Background considerations for liquid diffraction experiments are also discussed and show that in designing cells for liquid samples, or samples that contain a large structurally amorphous fraction, crystalline sample containment affords far more tractable data analysis. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORIDES
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 10921020; Turner, John F.C. 1,2; Email Address: jturner@atom.chem.utk.edu McLain, Sylvia E. 2,3 Free, Timothy H. 2 Benmore, Chris J. 3 Herwig, Kenneth W. 4 Siewenie, Joan E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Neutron Sciences Consortium, University of Tennessee, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  4: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 74 Issue 10, p4410; Subject Term: FLUORIDES; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1611999
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, Jeffrey L.
AU  - Nelson, Ronald O.
AU  - Kelly, James F.
T1  - Radio frequency characterization of a split-ringed, electrically small electro-optical bulk modulator.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4529
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A radio frequency characterization of a split-ringed, electro-optical modulator (EOM) is provided herein. This characterization is given in terms of electromagnetic simulation data, as obtained from a finite-difference, time-domain code, and a lumped element circuit model. The simulation data provides insight into the field structure within the cavity; the circuit model provides a simple, yet accurate set of design and analysis formulas that relate resonant frequency, voltage levels and power levels to the geometrical and material parameters of the cavity. To validate the claims made from the simulation data and circuit model, experimental data is also provided and a favorable comparison among all data sets is shown. It is concluded that the cavity under consideration can be made to resonate at low frequencies, without increasing the overall size of the cavity. Even though the price in doing so is a reduction in cavity Q and electro-optical crystal voltage, this split-ringed EOM is well suited to an efficient thermal management scheme. Guidance is given on how to optimize the cavity in terms of voltage, Q, power levels, and voltage levels. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROOPTICAL devices
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - TIME-domain analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10921000; Young, Jeffrey L. 1; Email Address: jyoung@mrc.uidaho.edu Nelson, Ronald O. 1; Email Address: ronels@mrc.uidaho.edu Kelly, James F. 2; Email Address: jfk@pn1.gov; Affiliation:  1: MRC Institute, University of Idaho  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 74 Issue 10, p4529; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICAL devices; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: TIME-domain analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606538
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Minchul
AU  - Tang, David C.
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - Sample mounting and transfer mechanism for in situ IR-visible sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy in high-pressure ultrahigh vacuum system.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4554
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We developed a sample mounting and transfer mechanism for studying heterogeneous catalytic reactions in a high-pressure ultrahigh vacuum system. The system is optimized for the use of sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy to probe surface species in situ during the reactions. The system allows wide-ranging working conditions: a pressure range between 4×10[sup -10] and 760 Torr and a temperature range between 200 and 1200 K. Rigid and reproducible sample positioning as well as precise temperature control can be achieved by compact designs of a sample holder and a sample mount incorporating ultrahigh vacuum compatible plugs. The performance of the system is demonstrated here by monitoring surface intermediates over time during cyclohexene catalytic reactions using a Pt(111) single crystal and sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROGENEOUS catalysis
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 10920995; Yang, Minchul 1,2 Tang, David C. 1,2 Somorjai, Gabor A. 1,2; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 74 Issue 10, p4554; Subject Term: HETEROGENEOUS catalysis; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606529
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsueh, Chun-Hway
AU  - Hoffmann, Michael J.
T1  - Devising a method of making actuators with reduced poling-induced tension
JO  - Sensors & Actuators A: Physical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators A: Physical
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 107
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
SN  - 09244247
AB  - Domain switching of poled dielectric ceramics in actuators induces tensile stresses in the polarization direction in both the end margin and the end termination which, in turn, result in cracking and create a major reliability problem. A method of reducing these poling-induced tensile stresses is devised in the present study. This is achieved by dividing the poled region into blocks of poled region separated by bands of unpoled region. The stress field can further be modified by changing (1) the elastic constants of the bands of unpoled region, and (2) the geometry of the interface between the poled region and the end margin from a conventional flat plane to a curved one. The numerical simulation results are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators A: Physical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRIC devices
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - TENSILE architecture
KW  - GEOMAGNETIC reversals
KW  - Actuators
KW  - Domain switching
KW  - Ferroelectric ceramics
KW  - Poling effect
KW  - Stresses
N1  - Accession Number: 10694874; Hsueh, Chun-Hway 1; Email Address: hsuehc@ornl.gov Hoffmann, Michael J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068, USA  2: Institute for Ceramics in Mechanical Engineering, University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 1, p14; Subject Term: DIELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Subject Term: TENSILE architecture; Subject Term: GEOMAGNETIC reversals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actuators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Domain switching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectric ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poling effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stresses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0924-4247(03)00206-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, V.S. Anil
AU  - Ramesh, H.
T1  - COVERING RECTILINEAR POLYGONS WITH AXIS-PARALLEL RECTANGLES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Computing
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1509
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00975397
AB  - Provides a factor approximation algorithm for covering a rectilinear polygon with holes using axis-parallel rectangle.  First polynomial time approximation algorithm for this problem with an o (log n) approximation factor; Applications of the problem; Determination of its computational complexity; Approximation results.
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - RECTANGLES
N1  - Accession Number: 11126570; Kumar, V.S. Anil 1; Email Address: anil@lanl.gov Ramesh, H. 2; Email Address: ramesh@csa.iisc.ernet.in; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Department of Computer Science and Automation, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p1509; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: RECTANGLES; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glimm, James
AU  - Xiaolin Li
AU  - Yingjie Liu
AU  - Zhiliang Xu
AU  - Ning Zhao
T1  - CONSERVATIVE FRONT TRACKING WITH IMPROVED ACCURACY.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1926
EP  - 1947
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - We propose a fully conservative front tracking algorithm for systems of nonlinear conservation laws. The algorithm improves by one order in its convergence rate over most finite difference schemes. Near tracked discontinuities in the solution, the proposed algorithm has O(Δx) errors, improving over O(1) errors commonly found near a discontinuity. Numerical experiments which confirm these assertions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONSERVATION laws (Mathematics)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - HYPERBOLIC differential equations
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - conservation
KW  - contact discontinuity
KW  - front tracking
N1  - Accession Number: 14691578; Glimm, James 1,2; Email Address: glimm@ams.sunysb.edu Xiaolin Li 1; Email Address: linli@ams.sunysb.edu Yingjie Liu 1; Email Address: yingjie@ams.sunysb.edu Zhiliang Xu 1 Ning Zhao 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600  2: Center for Data Intensive Computing, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11793-5000  3: Department of Aerodynamics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P.R. China; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 41 Issue 5, p1926; Subject Term: CONSERVATION laws (Mathematics); Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: HYPERBOLIC differential equations; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: conservation; Author-Supplied Keyword: contact discontinuity; Author-Supplied Keyword: front tracking; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036142901388627
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, S.-J.
AU  - Wachsman, E.D.
AU  - Rhodes, J.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Numerical modeling of hydrogen permeation in chemical potential gradients
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 01672738
AB  - A point defect model was used to describe the functional dependence of defect species in SrCe0.95Y0.05O3−d on hydrogen, water vapor, and oxygen partial pressure. Concentrations of each defect were simulated with a C programming code. The mobilities of protons, oxygen ions, and electrons were evaluated from partial conductivities. Hydrogen permeation equations derived from chemical diffusion theory were solved by a numerical modeling method. Accurate predictions of the hydrogen permeation flux were possible only when the functional dependence of ionic/electronic conductivity on both hydrogen and oxygen partial pressure was known. The dependence of hydrogen permeation flux on hydrogen potential difference agrees with the PH2 dependence of electronic conductivity. Hydrogen permeation flux calculated for 1 mm SrCe0.95Y0.05O3−d was &ap;1.50×10−9 mol/cm2 s under ΔPH2 (=10−7–1 atm), PO2 (=10−24–10−12 atm) with the same PH2O (=0.03 atm) on both sides at 973 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - Hydrogen permeation
KW  - SrCe0.95Y0.05O3−d
N1  - Accession Number: 11252100; Song, S.-J. 1 Wachsman, E.D. 1; Email Address: ewach@mse.ufl.edu Rhodes, J. 1 Dorris, S.E. 2 Balachandran, U. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 164 Issue 1/2, p107; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen permeation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SrCe0.95Y0.05O3−d; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maddalena, R. L.
AU  - McKone, T. E.
AU  - Riley, W. J.
T1  - Is there a “forest filter effect” for organic pollutants?
JO  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
JF  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 234
SN  - 14363240
AB  - Investigates whether there exists a 'forest filter effect' and its effects on organic pollutants. Details of research findings; Analysis of pertinent topics and relevant issues; Implications on studies of stochastic environmental research and risk assessment.
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 17019499; Maddalena, R. L. 1; Email Address: rlmaddalena@lbl.gov McKone, T. E. 1,2 Riley, W. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road (mail stop 90-3058), 94720, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA  3: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, 94720, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p231; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: POLLUTION; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00477-003-0135-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacLeod, M.
T1  - On the influence of forests on the overall fate of semi-volatile organic contaminants.
JO  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
JF  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
EP  - 259
SN  - 14363240
AB  - Studies the influence of forests on the overall fate of semi-volatile organic contaminants. Details of research findings; Analysis of pertinent topics and relevant issues; Implications on studies of stochastic environmental research and risk assessment.
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL management
N1  - Accession Number: 17019492; MacLeod, M. 1; Email Address: mjmacleod@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road, 90R3058, 94720-8132, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p256; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL management; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00477-003-0142-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCarty, K.F.
T1  - Growth regimes of the oxygen-deficient TiO2(1 1 0) surface exposed to oxygen
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 543
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We use low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) to systematically investigate how the (1 1 0) surfaces of oxygen-deficient rutile crystals grow epitaxially when exposed to oxygen. Distinct growth processes occur, depending primarily on temperature and oxygen pressure. The temperature dependence of these growth regimes has been systematically determined for a slightly reduced crystal of medium-blue color. At high-temperature, TiO2 growth occurs by pure step flow without the nucleation of new islands. At relatively low-temperatures, crystal growth proceeds by two-dimensional islands nucleating and spreading laterally. In this layer-by-layer growth regime, the surface periodically oscillates between structures with 1 × 1 and 1 × 2 periodicity. The threshold temperature above which island nucleation does not occur depends upon the local terrace width. For a range of temperatures around the threshold, nucleation occurs on wide terraces but not on narrow terraces. We demonstrate how to use the different growth regimes to efficiently increase a crystal’s oxygen content, smooth its surface, and synthesize island arrays and stacks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - RUTILE
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - and topography
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Growth
KW  - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM)
KW  - morphology
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - roughness
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10806564; McCarty, K.F. 1; Email Address: mccarty@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9161, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 945510969, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 543 Issue 1-3, p185; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: RUTILE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)01001-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, J.A.
AU  - Liu, P.
AU  - Dvorak, J.
AU  - Jirsak, T.
AU  - Gomes, J.
AU  - Takahashi, Y.
AU  - Nakamura, K.
T1  - Adsorption and decomposition of SO2 on TiC(0 0 1): An experimental and theoretical study
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 543
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - L675
SN  - 00396028
AB  - High-resolution photoemission, thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, and first-principles density-functional slab calculations were used to study the interaction of SO2 with a TiC(0 0 1) surface. At 140 K, SO2 adsorbs molecularly on TiC(0 0 1). Ti <f>↔</f> C interactions prevent strong bonding between the Ti centers and the SO2 molecule. The heat of adsorption of SO2 is in the range of 13–16 kcal/mol and most of the molecules desorb below room temperature. A fraction of the molecules undergoes full dissociation into S and O adatoms. The participation of the surface C sites in the dissociation reaction is a key element for the energetics of this process. Our results show that C can participate directly in desulfurization reactions on carbides instead of being a simple spectator or site blocker. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - THERMAL desorption
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - Carbides
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Sulphur
KW  - Sulphur dioxide
KW  - Surface chemical reaction
KW  - Titanium carbide
N1  - Accession Number: 10806545; Rodriguez, J.A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Liu, P. 1 Dvorak, J. 1 Jirsak, T. 1 Gomes, J. 2 Takahashi, Y. 3 Nakamura, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: IFIMUP, Universidade do Porto, 4169 Porto, Portugal  3: Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 543 Issue 1-3, pL675; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: THERMAL desorption; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulphur; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulphur dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface chemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium carbide; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00924-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rousse, Sonia
AU  - Gilder, Stuart
AU  - Farber, Daniel
AU  - McNulty, Brendan
AU  - Patriat, Philippe
AU  - Torres, Victor
AU  - Sempere, Thierry
T1  - Paleomagnetic tracking of mountain building in the Peruvian Andes since 10 Ma.
JO  - Tectonics
JF  - Tectonics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 02787407
AB  - We report paleomagnetic data from 73 sites (628 samples) of upper Oligocene to Pliocene rocks from central and northern Peru. The data indicate that the Subandean Zone has not experienced vertical axis rotation since the upper Oligocene, whereas the coast and the Western Cordillera record a coherent pattern of counterclockwise rotations emplaced in the last 10 Ma. This pattern can best be explained by two competing hypotheses: (1) a propagation in rotations from the Bolivian Orocline toward the north or (2) a more punctual and widespread event linked to subduction of the Nazca Ridge that caused the rotations. On the basis of the time-space relationship of paleomagnetic rotations, deformation, magmatism and Nazca-South America plate convergence, the latter appears more likely. Moreover, because the rotations north of the Abancay deflection (∼15.5°S) are synchronous with deformation and exhumation, they indicate that major mountain building in the Peruvian Andes has occurred since 10 Ma. Finally, we suggest that a succession of aseismic ridge subduction events played an important role in shaping the modern topography of the Andean chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tectonics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Andes
KW  - Cenozoic
KW  - Nazca
KW  - paleomagnetism
KW  - Peru
KW  - South America
N1  - Accession Number: 87277002; Rousse, Sonia 1; Gilder, Stuart 1; Farber, Daniel 2; McNulty, Brendan 3; Patriat, Philippe 1; Torres, Victor 4; Sempere, Thierry 5; Affiliations: 1: Laboratoire de Paléomagnétisme, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 3: Earth Science Department, California State University, Dominguez Hills; 4: Instituto Geológico, Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET); 5: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD); Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 22 Issue 5, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: Andes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cenozoic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nazca; Author-Supplied Keyword: paleomagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peru; Author-Supplied Keyword: South America; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003TC001508
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, D. D.
AU  - Hone, A. N. W.
T1  - Nonintegrability of a Fifth-Order Equation with Integrable Two-Body Dynamics.
JO  - Theoretical & Mathematical Physics
JF  - Theoretical & Mathematical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 137
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1459
EP  - 1471
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00405779
AB  - We consider a fifth-order partial differential equation (PDE) that is a generalization of the integrable Camassa–Holm equation. This fifth-order PDE has exact solutions in terms of an arbitrary number of superposed pulsons with a geodesic Hamiltonian dynamics that is known to be integrable in the two-body case N = =2. Numerical simulations show that the pulsons are stable, dominate the initial value problem, and scatter elastically. These characteristics are reminiscent of solitons in integrable systems. But after demonstrating the nonexistence of a suitable Lagrangian or bi-Hamiltonian structure and obtaining negative results from Painlevé analysis and the Wahlquist–Estabrook method, we assert that this fifth-order PDE is not integrable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical & Mathematical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - CONNECTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - elastic scattering
KW  - Hamiltonian dynamics
KW  - nonintegrability
KW  - pulsons
N1  - Accession Number: 16782409; Holm, D. D. 1; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov Hone, A. N. W. 2; Email Address: anwh@ukc.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NF, UK; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 137 Issue 1, p1459; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: CONNECTIONS (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: elastic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamiltonian dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonintegrability; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsons; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Somorjai, G.A.
AU  - Yang, Minchul
T1  - The Surface Science of Catalytic Selectivity.
JO  - Topics in Catalysis
JF  - Topics in Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
EP  - 72
SN  - 10225528
AB  - Catalysis science research employing model systems (single crystal surfaces) focused on understanding and enhancing catalytic activity (turnover rate). The catalyst surface structure and the mobility of adsorbed species are key ingredients that control activity. Catalytic selectivity is the focus of research in the foreseeable future to develop environmentally benign chemical processes that approach 100% selectivity. The catalyst surface structure, selective site blocking, bifunctional catalysis, and oxide–metal interfaces have been recognized as some of the features of reaction selectivity. New two-dimensional model catalyst systems are being fabricated by electron beam and photolithographies for molecular studies of selectivity. New methods are employed to develop three-dimensional high surface area catalysts with precise control of metal particle size, surface structure, and location in the mezopores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Topics in Catalysis is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - SURFACE area
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - catalysis science
KW  - catalytic activity
KW  - catalytic selectivity
KW  - electron beam lithography
KW  - mobility
KW  - size reduction lithography
KW  - surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 16823471; Somorjai, G.A. 1; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu Yang, Minchul 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. E-mail:  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 24 Issue 1-4, p61; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SURFACE area; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: catalysis science; Author-Supplied Keyword: catalytic activity; Author-Supplied Keyword: catalytic selectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron beam lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: size reduction lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface structure; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blau, P.J.
AU  - McLaughlin, J.C.
T1  - Effects of water films and sliding speed on the frictional behavior of truck disc brake materials
JO  - Tribology International
JF  - Tribology International
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 709
SN  - 0301679X
AB  - Friction materials for car and truck disc brake pads are typically complex composites containing metals, ceramics, and polymers that are designed to provide stable frictional performance over a range of vehicle operating conditions, exhibit acceptable wear life, and produce minimal noise and vibration. Despite the fact that brakes must operate under a variety of environmental conditions, most standardized and developmental laboratory tests for brake materials are conducted under dry sliding conditions. Studies of wet braking behavior are rare in the tribology literature. The present work investigated the frictional behavior of commercial truck brake pad materials sliding on gray cast iron simulated brake discs in the presence of water films. An instrumented sub-scale testing machine equipped with a water spray was used. There was a significant effect of water films on reducing pad/disc friction compared with dry tests on the same materials and at the same sliding speeds. The friction coefficient under water spray conditions was inversely proportional to the square of the sliding speed. The reduction of friction with increasing speed was principally due to hydrodynamic effects, although the water spray also reduced frictional heating and changed the nature of the transfer film formation on the cast iron contact surface. Frictional recovery occurred within seconds after the water spray was removed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tribology International is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAKES
KW  - FRICTION materials
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Brakes
KW  - Disc brakes
KW  - Friction material
KW  - Sliding friction
KW  - Transfer film
KW  - Wet braking
N1  - Accession Number: 10634379; Blau, P.J.; Email Address: blaupj@ornl.gov McLaughlin, J.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P. O. Box 2008, Mail Stop 6063, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6063, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 36 Issue 10, p709; Subject Term: BRAKES; Subject Term: FRICTION materials; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brakes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disc brakes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sliding friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transfer film; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wet braking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-679X(03)00026-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suh, Yung Doug
AU  - Schenter, Gregory K.
AU  - Zhu, Leyun
AU  - Lu, H. Peter
T1  - Probing nanoscale surface enhanced Raman-scattering fluctuation dynamics using correlated AFM and confocal ultramicroscopy
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 03043991
AB  - We have studied the laser-excitation-intensity-dependent and Ag-nanocluster interstitial-site-dependent SERS intensity fluctuations under low molecule surface coverage of rhodamine 6G and cytochrome c. A new two-channel photon time-stamping system coupled with atomic force microscopic (AFM), Raman spectroscopic, and imaging microscopy was developed and applied to record Raman intensity fluctuation trajectories at sub-microsecond resolution correlated with in situ characterization of the nanoparticle clusters. Our experimental results suggest that the nanoconfinement of the local electromagnetic-field enhancement and the interaction of the local field with the molecules, presumably under rotational motions, result in nano-Raman fluctuations. The SERS spectral fluctuation was pertinent to the nanoscale local enhancement and local interaction of the molecules with the surface when the surface coverage of the nanoparticles was less than a monolayer, and the nanoscale interstitial space controlled the finite number of molecules to contribute the microscopic Raman signal collected from a diffraction-limited focus spot. The fluctuation amplitude significantly decreased with the number of molecules confined at the nanolocal field. The nano-SERS fluctuation dynamics were both photo-induced and spontaneous for rhodamine 6G, but only the photo-induced component was observable for cytochrome c. The fluctuation dynamics were also found to be highly inhomogeneous at interstitial sites with heterogeneous geometries. To interpret the observed nano-SERS fluctuation dynamics, we used computer simulation of optical multiple scattering, based on multi-sphere scattering Mie theory, and rotational diffusion of molecules at an interstitial site, based on a random walk in orientation space. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - AFM
KW  - SERS
KW  - Single-molecule spectroscopy
KW  - Single-particle spectroscopy
KW  - Spectral fluctuation dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 9951840; Suh, Yung Doug 1 Schenter, Gregory K. 1 Zhu, Leyun 1 Lu, H. Peter; Email Address: peter.lu@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Division, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p89; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM; Author-Supplied Keyword: SERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-molecule spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-particle spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral fluctuation dynamics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00033-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mertens, Johann
AU  - Finot, Eric
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
AU  - Fabre, Arnaud
AU  - Nadal, Marie-Hélène
AU  - Eyraud, Vincent
AU  - Bourillot, Eric
T1  - Effects of temperature and pressure on microcantilever resonance response
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 03043991
AB  - The variation in resonance response of microcantilevers was investigated as a function of pressure (10−2–106 Pa) and temperature (290–390 K) in atmospheres of helium (He) and dry nitrogen (N2). Our results for a silicon cantilever under vacuum show that the frequency varies in direct proportion to the temperature. The linear response is explained by the decrease in Young''s modulus with increasing the temperature. However, when the cantilever is bimaterial, the response is nonlinear due to differential thermal expansion. Resonance response as a function of pressure shows three different regions, which correspond to molecular flow regime, transition regime, and viscous regime. The deflection in flow transition regime resulting from thermal variation has minimal effect on frequency. The frequency variation of the cantilever is caused mainly by changes in the mean free path of gas molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Cantilever
KW  - Gas sensor
KW  - Knudsen number
KW  - Pressure
KW  - Temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 9951843; Mertens, Johann 1 Finot, Eric 1; Email Address: eric.finot@u-bourgogne.fr Thundat, Thomas 2 Fabre, Arnaud 1,3 Nadal, Marie-Hélène 3 Eyraud, Vincent 3 Bourillot, Eric 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physique, Université de Bourgogne, F-21011 Dijon, France  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA  3: Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Département de Recherches sur les, Matériaux Nucléaires, F-21120, Is-sur-Tille, France; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p119; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cantilever; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Knudsen number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00036-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951843&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marcus, Matthew S.
AU  - Eriksson, M.A.
AU  - Sasaki, Darryl Y.
AU  - Carpick, Robert W.
T1  - In-plane contributions to phase contrast in intermittent contact atomic force microscopy
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Contrast in the phase response of intermittent-contact atomic force microscopy (IC-AFM) reveals in-plane structural and mechanical properties of polymer monolayers. This result is unexpected, as IC-AFM has previously only been considered as a probe of out-of-plane properties. Until now, AFM measurements of nanoscale in-plane properties have employed contact mode techniques. In-plane property measurements are possible with intermittent contact AFM because there is a small but significant component of tip motion parallel to the sample surface. This in-plane component of tip displacement is virtually universal in AFM, implying that oscillating-tip techniques generally are sensitive to in-plane material properties. We present a simple Hertzian model of intermittent-contact AFM that includes such an in-plane displacement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - AFM
N1  - Accession Number: 9951846; Marcus, Matthew S. 1 Eriksson, M.A. 1; Email Address: maeriksson@facstaff.wisc.edu Sasaki, Darryl Y. 2 Carpick, Robert W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Biomolecular Materials and Interface Science Department, Albuquerque, NM, USA  3: Department of Engineering Physics, Materials Science Program, and Rheology Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p145; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00039-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951846&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doktycz, M.J.
AU  - Sullivan, C.J.
AU  - Hoyt, P.R.
AU  - Pelletier, D.A.
AU  - Wu, S.
AU  - Allison, D.P.
T1  - AFM imaging of bacteria in liquid media immobilized on gelatin coated mica surfaces
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Immobilization of particulates, especially biomolecules and cells, onto surfaces is critical for imaging with the atomic force microscope (AFM). In this paper, gelatin coated mica surfaces are shown to be suitable for immobilizing and imaging both gram positive, Staphylococcus aureus, and gram negative, Escherichia coli, bacteria in both air and liquid environments. Gelatin coated surfaces are shown to be superior to poly-l-lysine coated surfaces that are commonly used for the immobilization of cells. This cell immobilization technique is being developed primarily for live cell imaging of Rhodopseudomonas palustris. The genome of R. palustris has been sequenced and the organism is the target of intensive studies aimed at understanding genome function. Images of R. palustris grown both aerobically and anaerobically in liquid media are presented. Images in liquid media show the bacteria is rod shaped and smooth while images in air show marked irregularity and folding of the surface. Significant differences in the vertical dimension are also apparent with the height of the bacteria in liquid being substantially greater than images taken in air. In air immobilized bacterial flagella are clearly seen while in liquid this structure is not visible. Additionally, significant morphological differences are observed that depend on the method of bacterial growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Cell immobilization
KW  - Gelatin
KW  - In situ microscopy
KW  - MacMode
KW  - Rhodopseudomonas palustris
N1  - Accession Number: 9951852; Doktycz, M.J. 1,2,3; Email Address: doktyczmj@ornl.gov Sullivan, C.J. 3 Hoyt, P.R. 3 Pelletier, D.A. 1 Wu, S. 4 Allison, D.P. 3,4,5; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA  3: Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA  4: Molecular Imaging Inc., Tempe, AZ, USA  5: Department of Biochemistry & Cellular & Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p209; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell immobilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gelatin; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: MacMode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodopseudomonas palustris; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00045-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951852&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Passian, A.
AU  - Muralidharan, G.
AU  - Mehta, A.
AU  - Simpson, H.
AU  - Ferrell, T.L.
AU  - Thundat, T.
T1  - Manipulation of microcantilever oscillations
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Experimental observation of self-sustaining oscillations via a delayed feedback system is presented for a rectangular silicon microcantilever. The system is modeled as one and two-dimensional damped oscillator and the resulting delay differential equations are studied in frequency and time domain. The shortcomings of each model are outlined, and an improved formulation of the dynamics of the cantilever is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANTILEVER bridges
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - 02.60.Cb
KW  - AFM
KW  - Miscellaneous methods
KW  - Miscellaneous theories
KW  - Tip scanning instrument design and characterization
N1  - Accession Number: 9951873; Passian, A. 1; Email Address: passian@utk.edu Muralidharan, G. 1 Mehta, A. 1 Simpson, H. 2 Ferrell, T.L. 1 Thundat, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Bldg 4500 S MS 6123, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1300, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p391; Subject Term: CANTILEVER bridges; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.60.Cb; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Miscellaneous methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Miscellaneous theories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tip scanning instrument design and characterization; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00066-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951873&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Passian, A.
AU  - Warmack, R.J.
AU  - Wig, A.
AU  - Farahi, R.H.
AU  - Meriaudeau, F.
AU  - Ferrell, T.L.
AU  - Thundat, T.
T1  - Observation of Knudsen effect with microcantilevers
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
SN  - 03043991
AB  - The Knudsen effect is estimated theoretically and observed experimentally using a U-shaped silicon microcantilever. Though Knudsen forces are extremely small in most cases involving microcantilevers, there exist situations where these forces can be significant and may be important in atomic force microscopy and in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The criteria for the presence of Knudsen forces are outlined and an analytical expression in the form of a linear function of the pressure is given for the force in the free molecular regime. The experimental results display peaks in the transitional regime while varying linearly in the molecular regime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANTILEVER bridges
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Force measurement
KW  - Free molecular flow
KW  - Knudsen force
KW  - Microcantilever sensors
KW  - Rarefied gas
N1  - Accession Number: 9951874; Passian, A. 1; Email Address: passian@utk.edu Warmack, R.J. 1 Wig, A. 1 Farahi, R.H. 1 Meriaudeau, F. 2 Ferrell, T.L. 1 Thundat, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Building 4500 S MS 6123, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA  2: Université de Bourgogne, IUT du Creusot, Le2i, 12 rue de la Fonderie, 71200 Le Creusot, France; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p401; Subject Term: CANTILEVER bridges; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Force measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free molecular flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Knudsen force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rarefied gas; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00067-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951874&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Headrick, J.J.
AU  - Sepaniak, M.J.
AU  - Lavrik, N.V.
AU  - Datskos, P.G.
T1  - Enhancing chemi-mechanical transduction in microcantilever chemical sensing by surface modification
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
SN  - 03043991
AB  - The use of chemically selective thin-film coatings has been shown to enhance both the chemical selectivity and sensitivity of microcantilever (MC) chemical sensors. As an analyte absorbs into the coating, the coating can swell or contract causing an in-plane stress at the associated MC surface. However, much of the stress upon absorption of an analyte may be lost through slippage of the chemical coatings on the MC surface, or through relaxation of the coating in a manner that minimizes stress to the cantilever. Structural modification of MC chemical sensors can improve the stress transduction between the chemical coating and the MC. Surfaces of silicon MC were modified with focused ion beam milling. Sub-micron channels were milled across the width of the MC. Responses of the nanostructured, coated MCs to 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene and a series of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were compared to smooth, coated MCs. The analytical figures of merit for the nanostructured, coated MCs in the sensing of VOCs were found to be better than the unstructured MCs. A comparison is made with a previously reported method of creating disordered nanostructured MC surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANTILEVER bridges
KW  - CHEMICAL detectors
KW  - Chemical sensors
KW  - Microcantilevers
KW  - Selective coatings
KW  - Surface modification
N1  - Accession Number: 9951876; Headrick, J.J. 1 Sepaniak, M.J. 1; Email Address: msepaniak@utk.edu Lavrik, N.V. 2 Datskos, P.G. 1,2; Email Address: pgd@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bear Creek Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8039, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p417; Subject Term: CANTILEVER bridges; Subject Term: CHEMICAL detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilevers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface modification; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00069-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951876&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muralidharan, G.
AU  - Wig, A.
AU  - Pinnaduwage, L.A.
AU  - Hedden, D.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Lareau, Richard T.
T1  - Adsorption–desorption characteristics of explosive vapors investigated with microcantilevers
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Understanding the kinetics of adsorption and desorption of explosive vapors such as TNT from surfaces is important in the design of sensors. We report for the first time, the adsorption–desorption characteristics of TNT from a Si-microcantilever exposed to vapors of TNT. It was observed that TNT readily sticks to the exposed Si surface with the adsorption kinetics showing an initial exponential behavior followed by roughly linear kinetics. It was also observed that for cantilever temperatures close to room temperature, TNT desorbs spontaneously from the surface with decaying exponential kinetics. Based on the known equilibrium partial vapor pressures of TNT, the “effective” sticking coefficient for the silicon oxide surface at room temperature under the experimental conditions was calculated to be about 0.02. This information can be very useful in the design of sensors and that of vapor-delivery systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 9951878; Muralidharan, G. 1 Wig, A. 1 Pinnaduwage, L.A. 1 Hedden, D. 1 Thundat, T. 1; Email Address: thundattg@ornl.gov Lareau, Richard T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 6123, USA  2: Federal Aviation Administration, Atlantic City, NJ 08405, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p433; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00071-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951878&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Senesac, L.R.
AU  - Corbeil, J.L.
AU  - Rajic, S.
AU  - Lavrik, N.V.
AU  - Datskos, P.G.
T1  - IR imaging using uncooled microcantilever detectors
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Uncooled bimaterial microcantilever detectors were fabricated and used to obtain infrared (IR) images of objects at temperatures ranging from room temperature to a few hundred °C. Images were obtained using both single 50 μm×50 μm microcantilever IR detectors and arrays of microcantilever detectors. Thermal radiation from the target object was imaged onto the detector and the resulting temperature change caused microcantilever bending due to the bimaterial effect. This micromechanical bending was measured using two different non-contact optical readout techniques and IR images were obtained. A smaller size (20 μm×20 μm) microcantilever IR detector was also used to capture IR images of near room temperature objects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANTILEVER bridges
KW  - INFRARED imaging
KW  - IR detectors
KW  - IR imaging
KW  - IR sensors
KW  - Microcantilever
N1  - Accession Number: 9951880; Senesac, L.R. 1 Corbeil, J.L. 1,2 Rajic, S. 1,2 Lavrik, N.V. 1 Datskos, P.G. 1,2; Email Address: pgd@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6141, USA  2: University of Tennessee, 401 Nielsen Physics Bldg., Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p451; Subject Term: CANTILEVER bridges; Subject Term: INFRARED imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: IR detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: IR imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: IR sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00073-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951880&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arakawa, E.T.
AU  - Lavrik, N.V.
AU  - Rajic, S.
AU  - Datskos, P.G.
T1  - Detection and differentiation of biological species using microcalorimetric spectroscopy
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 03043991
AB  - We report on the application of infrared (IR) microcalorimetric spectroscopy (<f>μ</f>-CalSpec) to the identification and detection of trace amounts of biological species. Our approach combines principles of photothermal IR spectroscopy with ultrasensitive microcantilever (MC) thermal detectors. We have obtained photothermal IR spectra for DNA and RNA bases and for Bacillus Cereus (an anthrax simulant) in the wavelength range of 2.5–14.5 μm (4000–690 cm−1). The measurements are accomplished by absorbing biological materials directly on a MC thermal detector. The main advantage of the developed μ-CalSpec is its unprecedented sensitivity as compared to any of the previously explored IR techniques, including FTIR and photothermal FTIR methods. Our results demonstrate that <10−9 g of a biological sample is sufficient to obtain its characteristic <f>μ</f>-CalSpec spectrum that contains information-rich chemical (vibrational) signatures. This opens up a new opportunity to create inexpensive high-throughput analytical systems for biochemical detection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BIOLOGICAL specimens
KW  - Anthrax
KW  - CalSpec
KW  - DNA
KW  - IR spectroscopy
KW  - Microcantilever
KW  - RNA
N1  - Accession Number: 9951881; Arakawa, E.T. 1,2 Lavrik, N.V. 1 Rajic, S. 1 Datskos, P.G. 1,2; Email Address: datskospg@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bear Creek Rd. Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8039, USA  2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p459; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL specimens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anthrax; Author-Supplied Keyword: CalSpec; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: IR spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00074-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951881&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajic, S.
AU  - Corbeil, J.L.
AU  - Datskos, P.G.
T1  - Feasibility of tunable MEMS photonic crystal devices
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 97
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Periodic photonic crystal structures channel electromagnetic waves much as semiconductors/quantum wells channel electrons. Photonic bandgap crystals (PBC) are fabricated by arranging sub-wavelength alternating materials with high and low dielectric constants to produce a desired effective bandgap. Photons with energy within this bandgap cannot propagate through the structure. This property has made these structures useful for microwave applications such as frequency-selective surfaces, narrowband filters, and antenna substrates when the dimensions are on the order of millimeters. They are also potentially very useful, albeit much more difficult to fabricate, in the visible/near-infrared region for various applications when the smallest dimensions are at the edge of current micro-lithography fabrication tools. We micro-fabricated suspended free standing micro-structure bridge waveguides to serve as substrates for PBC features. These micro-bridges were fabricated onto commercial silicon-on-insulator wafers. Nanoscale periodic features were fabricated onto these micro-structure bridges to form a tunable system. When this combined structure is perturbed, such as mechanical deflection of the suspended composite structure at resonance, there can be a realtime shift in the material effective bandgap due to slight geometric alterations due to the induced mechanical stress. Extremely high resonance frequencies/device speeds are possible with these very small dimension MEMS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Photonic crystal
KW  - SOI
KW  - Spectrally tunable
N1  - Accession Number: 9951883; Rajic, S. 1,2; Email Address: rajics@ornl.gov Corbeil, J.L. 2 Datskos, P.G. 1,2; Email Address: pgd@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6141, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6141, USA  2: University Of Tennessee, Neilson Physics Building, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 97 Issue 1-4, p473; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photonic crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrally tunable; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00076-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9951883&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andersson, J.
AU  - Erck, R.A.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
T1  - Friction of diamond-like carbon films in different atmospheres
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2003/10//
VL  - 254
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1070
SN  - 00431648
AB  - Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films constitute a class of new materials with a wide range of compositions, properties, and performance. In particular, the tribological properties of these films are rather intriguing and can be strongly influenced by the test conditions and environment. In this paper, a series of model experiments are performed in high vacuum and with various added gases to elucidate the influence of different test environments on the tribological behavior of three DLC films. Specifically, the behavior of a hydrogen-free film produced by a cathodic arc process and two highly hydrogenated films produced by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition were studied. Flats and balls used in these experiments were coated with DLC and tested in a pin-on-disc machine under a load of 1 N and at constant rotational frequency. With a low background pressure, in the 10−6 Pa range, the highly hydrogenated films exhibited a friction coefficient of less than 0.01, whereas the hydrogen-free film gave a friction coefficient of approximately 0.6. Adding oxygen or hydrogen to the experimental environment changed the friction to some extent. However, admission of water vapor into the test chamber caused large changes: the friction coefficient decreased drastically for the hydrogen-free DLC film, whereas it increased slightly for one of the highly hydrogenated films. These results indicate that water molecules play a prominent role in the frictional behavior of DLC films—most notably for hydrogen-free films but also for highly hydrogenated films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TRIBOLOGY
KW  - Diamond-like carbon
KW  - Friction
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Tetrahedral amorphous carbon
KW  - Vacuum
KW  - Water
N1  - Accession Number: 10426606; Andersson, J.; Email Address: joakim.andersson@angstrom.uu.se Erck, R.A. 1 Erdemir, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 254 Issue 11, p1070; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TRIBOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond-like carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetrahedral amorphous carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vacuum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00336-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10426606&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petersen, Ole William
AU  - Gudjonsson, Thorarinn
AU  - Villadsen, René
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
AU  - Lone Rønnov-Jessen
T1  - Epithelial progenitor cell lines as models of normal breast morphogenesis and neoplasia.
JO  - Cell Proliferation
JF  - Cell Proliferation
Y1  - 2003/10/02/Oct2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09607722
AB  - The majority of human breast carcinomas exhibit luminal characteristics and as such, are most probably derived from progenitor cells within the luminal epithelial compartment. This has been subdivided recently into at least three luminal subtypes based on gene expression patterns. The value of knowing the cellular origin of individual tumours is clear and should aid in designing effective therapies. To do this, however, we need strategies aimed at defining the nature of stem and progenitor cell populations in the normal breast. In this review, we will discuss our technical approach for delineating the origin of the epithelial cell types. A major step forward was the purification of each cell type by the application of immunomagnetic cell sorting based on expression of lineage-specific surface antigens. We then developed chemically defined media that could support either the luminal epithelial or the myoepithelial cell phenotype in primary cultures. Having succeeded in continuous propagation presumably without loss of markers, we could show that a subset of the luminal epithelial cells could convert to myoepithelial cells, signifying the possible existence of a progenitor cell population. By combining the information on marker expression and in situ localization with immunomagnetic sorting and subsequent immortalization, we have identifed and isolated a cytokeratin 19-positive suprabasal putative precursor cell in the luminal epithelial compartment and established representative cell lines. This suprabasal-derived epithelial cell line is able to generate both itself and differentiated luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells, and in addition, is able to form elaborate terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU)-like structures within a reconstituted basement membrane. As more than 90% of breast cancers arise in TDLUs and more than 90% are also cytokeratin 19-positive, we suggest that this cell population contains a breast-cancer progenitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cell Proliferation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL lines
KW  - MORPHOGENESIS
KW  - CELL proliferation
N1  - Accession Number: 10991423; Petersen, Ole William 1 Gudjonsson, Thorarinn 1,2 Villadsen, René 1 Bissell, Mina J. 3 Lone Rønnov-Jessen 4; Affiliation:  1: Structural Cell Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Anatomy The Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.  2: Molecular and Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland.  3: Life Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California, Berkeley CA, USA.  4: Zoophysiological Laboratory, The August Krogh Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Source Info: Oct2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 36, p33; Subject Term: CELL lines; Subject Term: MORPHOGENESIS; Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2184.36.s.1.4.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10991423&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guo, Songchuan
AU  - Shu, Dan
AU  - Simon, Martha N.
AU  - Guo, Peixuan
T1  - Gene cloning, purification, and stoichiometry quantification of phi29 anti-receptor gp12 with potential use as special ligand for gene delivery
JO  - Gene
JF  - Gene
Y1  - 2003/10/02/
VL  - 315
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 03781119
AB  - Bacterial virus phi29 is the most efficient in vitro DNA packaging system, with which up to 90% of the added DNA can be packaged into purified recombinant procapsid in vitro. The findings that phi29 virions can be assembled with the exclusive use of cloned gene products have bred a thought that phi29 has a potential to be a gene delivery vector since it is a nonpathogenic virus. gp12 of bacterial virus phi29 has been reported to be the anti-receptor that is responsible for binding the virus particle to the host cell. We cloned the gene coding gp12, overexpressed it in Escherichia coli, and purified the gene product to study the properties and functions of gp12 in virus assembly. According to SDS PloyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis and N-terminal sequencing, recombinant gp12 isolated from E. coli had a molecular mass of 80 kDa, and 24 amino acids at N-terminal were cleaved after expression. The purified recombinant gp12 was incorporated into phi29 particles and converted the gp12-lacking assembly intermediates of phi29 into infectious virions in vitro. This purified protein gp12 was able to compete with infectious phi29 virions for binding to the host cell, thus inhibiting the infection by phi29. Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) analysis and sedimentation studies revealed that recombinant gp12 products were assembled into biologically active dimers. Analysis of the dose–response curve showed that 12 dimeric gp12 complexes were assembled onto viral particles and that each virion contained 24 copies of gp12 molecules. The results provide a basis for future research into bacteriophage–host interaction by modifying the anti-receptor protein. The ultimate goal is to re-target the bacteriophage to new host cells for the purpose of gene delivery. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Gene is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR cloning
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - SERUM albumin
KW  - bovine serum albumin (BSA)
KW  - Gene delivery
KW  - Gene therapy
KW  - Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
KW  - isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)
KW  - packaging RNA (pRNA)
KW  - plaque forming units (pfu)
KW  - Receptor
KW  - Receptor mediated endocytosis
KW  - Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM)
KW  - SDS PloyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)
KW  - Stoichiometry
KW  - tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
N1  - Accession Number: 11092089; Guo, Songchuan 1 Shu, Dan 1 Simon, Martha N. 2 Guo, Peixuan 1; Email Address: guop@purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 315, p145; Subject Term: MOLECULAR cloning; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: SERUM albumin; Author-Supplied Keyword: bovine serum albumin (BSA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene delivery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immunoglobulin G (IgG); Author-Supplied Keyword: isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG); Author-Supplied Keyword: packaging RNA (pRNA); Author-Supplied Keyword: plaque forming units (pfu); Author-Supplied Keyword: Receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Receptor mediated endocytosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: SDS PloyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Stoichiometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: tobacco mosaic virus (TMV); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-1119(03)00729-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riley, David
AU  - Keenan, Roisin
AU  - Topping, Simon J.
AU  - Khattak, Fida Y.
AU  - McEvoy, Anne-Marie
AU  - Angulo, Julio J.
AU  - Lamb, Martin J.
AU  - Lewis, Ciaran L. S.
AU  - Neely, David
AU  - Notley, Margaret
T1  - Potential for Thomson Scatter With an X-Ray Laser.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/10/02/Oct2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1016
EP  - 1022
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The authors present an analysis of an X-ray laser Thomson scatter experiment attempted at the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory. Although the experiment was for technical reasons not completed, an analysis of the feasibility is instructive. X-ray lasers are potentially a useful source for this type of experiment as they have high brightness, short pulse duration, and low divergence. Thomson scatter has proved to be a powerful diagnostic technique in low density plasmas and the extension of this diagnostic technique to shorter wavelengths in the XUV region would allow probing of plasmas at higher densities where classical plasma models such as the Debye-Hückel model breakdown. The authors show in their analysis that, at current output levels, self-emission may hamper attempts to probe high-density plasmas. However, a range of interesting plasmas can he probed which would be too optically thick for optical probing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray lasers
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - Plasmas
KW  - Thomson scatter
N1  - Accession Number: 11298480; Riley, David 1; Email Address: d.riley@qub.ac.uk Keenan, Roisin 2 Topping, Simon J. 1 Khattak, Fida Y. 1 McEvoy, Anne-Marie 1 Angulo, Julio J. 1 Lamb, Martin J. 1 Lewis, Ciaran L. S. 1 Neely, David 3 Notley, Margaret 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 INN, U.K.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA  3: Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX 11 OQX, U.K.; Source Info: Oct2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p1016; Subject Term: X-ray lasers; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasmas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thomson scatter; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.818769
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11298480&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Tracking Down the Origin of Arc Plasma Science  I. Early Pulsed and Oscillating Discharges.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/10/02/Oct2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1052
EP  - 1059
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The early development of arc plasma physics is closely related to the development of suitable sources of electrical energy. The harnessing of electrostatic charge in Leyden jars (early capacitors) enabled the controlled production of sparks and pulsed arcs. A contemporary introduction to sparks and arcs gives the foundation for critically assessing the early development, when observation and discovery of phenomena were still far from understanding. The modern development of discharge physics can be traced back to the 18th century. Notably, and generally unnoticed by the scientific community until today, Joseph Priestley observed cathode erosion and film deposition of cathode material as early as 1766. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Arc
KW  - Capacitor discharges
KW  - cathodic arc deposition
KW  - history
KW  - Priestley Rings
KW  - spark discharges
KW  - PRIESTLEY, Joseph, 1733-1804
N1  - Accession Number: 11298485; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-8233 USA; Source Info: Oct2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p1052; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacitor discharges; Author-Supplied Keyword: cathodic arc deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: history; Author-Supplied Keyword: Priestley Rings; Author-Supplied Keyword: spark discharges; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; People: PRIESTLEY, Joseph, 1733-1804; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.815476
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11298485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Tracking Down the Origin of Arc Plasma Science -- II. Early Continuous Discharges.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/10/02/Oct2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1060
EP  - 1069
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Continuous discharges could only be obtained after enduring energy sources became available, namely in the form of a battery of electrochemical cells, invented by Volta in late 1799. Humphry Davy is often credited with the discovery of the arc discharge, which later led to the development of the carbon arc lamp. Indeed, as early as 1800, he obtained short pulsed arcs with his Voltaic pile. Independently, and earlier than Davy in the sense of continuous discharges, the Russian Vasilii Petrov of St. Petersburg made carbon arcs in 1802. Petrov used a pile of 4200 electrochemical cells to drive what was the most powerful discharge at that time. Petrov's publication of 1803 appeared only in Russian, and his work was ignored and forgotten for over a century. Davy pursued highly successful electrochemical experiments and was unaware of Petrov's work. He increased the size of his battery in several steps, which led to increasingly powerful discharges, most likely an undesired side effect. After 1808, using the new battery of the Royal Institution, Davy demonstrated continuous arc discharges. The exact dates and circumstances of early arc demonstrations around 1810 are still the subject of research, but later arc experiments such as those at the London Institution of 1821 are well documented. While Petrov could claim priority for continuous carbon arcs, it was Davy who made a lasting impact on further development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - ARC lamps
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Arcs
KW  - carbon arc lamp
KW  - electrochemical cell
KW  - history
KW  - Humphry Davy
KW  - Vasilii Petrov
KW  - voltaic battery
KW  - DAVY, Humphry, Sir, 1778-1829
N1  - Accession Number: 11298486; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-8233 USA; Source Info: Oct2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p1060; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: ARC lamps; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arcs; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon arc lamp; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrochemical cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: history; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humphry Davy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vasilii Petrov; Author-Supplied Keyword: voltaic battery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; People: DAVY, Humphry, Sir, 1778-1829; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.815477
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11298486&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinnaduwage, L.A.
AU  - Gehl, A.
AU  - Hedden, D.L.
AU  - Muralidharan, G.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Lareau, R.T.
AU  - Sulchek, T.
AU  - Manning, L.
AU  - Rogers, B.
AU  - Jones, M.
AU  - Adams, J.D.
T1  - Explosives: A microsensor for trinitrotoluene vapour.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/10/02/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6957
M3  - Article
SP  - 474
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Sensing devices designed to detect explosive vapours are bulky, expensive and in need of technological improvement - dogs remain the most effective detectors in the fight against terrorism and in the removal of land-mines. Here we demonstrate the deflagration of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in a small localized explosion on an uncoated piezoresistive microcantilever. This explosive-vapour sensor, which has a detection capability that is comparable to that of a dog, should enable extremely sensitive, miniature detection devices to be used on a large scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TNT (Chemical)
KW  - EXPLOSIONS
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 10983473; Pinnaduwage, L.A. 1,2 Gehl, A. 1,2 Hedden, D.L. 1,2 Muralidharan, G. 1 Thundat, T. 1,2 Lareau, R.T. 3 Sulchek, T. 4 Manning, L. 4 Rogers, B. 4 Jones, M. 4 Adams, J.D. 4; Email Address: jdadams@unr.edu; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, USA  3: Transportation Security Administration, US Department of Homeland Security, USA  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Nevada Ventures Nanoscience Program, University of Nevada, USA; Source Info: 10/2/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6957, p474; Subject Term: TNT (Chemical); Subject Term: EXPLOSIONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/425474a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krutilina, Raisa Ivanovna
AU  - Smirnova, Alexandra Nikolaevna
AU  - Mudrak, Olga Stanislavovna
AU  - Pleskach, Nadezhda Mikhailovna
AU  - Svetlova, Maria Pavlovna
AU  - Oei, Shiao-Li
AU  - Yau, Peter M
AU  - Bradbury, Edwin Morton
AU  - Zalensky, Andrey Olegovich
AU  - Tomilin, Nikolai Viktorovich
T1  - Protection of internal (TTAGGG)n repeats in Chinese hamster cells by telomeric protein TRF1.
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2003/10/02/
VL  - 22
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 6690
EP  - 6698
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 09509232
AB  - Chinese hamster cells have large interstitial (TTAGGG) bands (ITs) which are unstable and should be protected by an unknown mechanism. Here, we expressed in Chinese hamster V79 cells green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged human TRF1, and found that a major fraction of GFP-TRF1 bound to ITs is diffusionally mobile. This fraction strongly decreases after treatment of cells with wortmannin, a protein kinase inhibitor, and this drug also increases the frequency of chromosome aberrations. Ionizing radiation does not induce detectable translocation of GFP-TRF1 to the sites of random double-strand breaks visualized using antibodies against histone ?-H2AX. TRF1 is known to be eliminated from telomeres by overexpression of tankyrase 1 which induces TRF1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. We transfected V79 cells by plasmid encoding tankyrase 1 and found that the frequency of chromosome rearrangements is increased in these cells independently of their treatment by IR. Taken together, our results suggest that TRF1 is involved in sequence-specific protection of internal nontelomeric (TTAGGG)n repeats.Oncogene (2003) 22, 6690-6698. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206745 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oncogene is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - HISTONES
N1  - Accession Number: 11055338; Krutilina, Raisa Ivanovna 1 Smirnova, Alexandra Nikolaevna 1 Mudrak, Olga Stanislavovna 1 Pleskach, Nadezhda Mikhailovna 1 Svetlova, Maria Pavlovna 1 Oei, Shiao-Li 2 Yau, Peter M 3 Bradbury, Edwin Morton 4 Zalensky, Andrey Olegovich 3 Tomilin, Nikolai Viktorovich 1; Affiliation:  1: 1Laboratory of Chromosome Stability, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia  2: 2Institute of Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany  3: 3Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: [1] 3Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA [2] 4Bioscience Division, MSM 888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 10/2/2003, Vol. 22 Issue 43, p6690; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: HISTONES; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.onc.1206745
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barone, V.
AU  - Calarco, T.
AU  - Drago, A.
AU  - Simani, M.C.
T1  - Flavor asymmetry of the polarized light sea: models vs. data
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/10/02/
VL  - 571
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 50
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The flavor asymmetry of the polarized light sea, <f>Δu¯−Δd¯</f>, discriminates between different model calculations of helicity densities. We show that the chiral chromodielectric model, differently from models based on a <f>1/Nc</f> expansion, predicts a small value for this asymmetry, what seems in agreement with preliminary HERMES data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - CHIRALITY
N1  - Accession Number: 10806647; Barone, V. 1 Calarco, T. 2 Drago, A. 3; Email Address: drago@fe.infn.it Simani, M.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Di.S.T.A., Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, and INFN, Gruppo Coll. di Alessandria, 15100 Alessandria, Italy  2: ECT*, Villa Tambosi, I-38050 Villazzano (Trento), Italy  3: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Ferrara, and INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 571 Issue 1/2, p50; Subject Term: POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: CHIRALITY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.07.068
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DePaoli, David W.
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
AU  - Hu, Michael Z.-C.
T1  - EHD micromixing reactor for particle synthesis
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2003/10/02/
VL  - 135-136
M3  - Article
SP  - 302
SN  - 00325910
AB  - This paper presents a liquid-phase approach to particle production using electrohydrodynamic (EHD) mixing. EHD flows are used to disperse one miscible, reactive fluid into another, based on the capability to develop significant fluid velocities and turbulence by charge injection into dielectric fluids. Alcohol solvents, commonly used for sol–gel reactions, are very suitable for applying this EHD mixing approach. The rapid micromixing in the vicinity of the electrified injector allows the liquid-phase reactions to be conducted uniformly at high rates. This approach allows continuous production of non-agglomerated, monodispersed, submicron-sized particles.Experiments aimed at investigating the capability for EHD mixing to improve particle production were conducted in a continuous-flow system using the hydrolysis and condensation of zirconium tetra-n-butoxide in alcohols. Because of the rapid kinetics of this reaction system, the quality of ultrafine particles produced is greatly affected by the degree of early-stage mixing. Mixing of the reactant streams was shown to improve with increasing applied voltage, and a corresponding improvement in the homogeneity of the produced particles was determined. The EHD mixing approach was shown to have several possible advantages in comparison with batch reactions. The reaction can be conducted to produce quality particles at higher concentrations, and the particles produced by EHD mixing are more homogeneous. In addition, under the rapid micromixing conditions, it is possible to manipulate nucleation rates through the introduction of concentrated reactants, resulting in the capability to produce significantly smaller particles. This study indicates that reactors utilizing EHD mixing could be used for continuous, rapid production of homogeneous, ultrafine particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - MIXING
KW  - EHD
KW  - Electrohydrodynamic flow
KW  - Electrohydrodynamic mixing
KW  - Particle production
KW  - Ultrafine particles
KW  - Zirconia particles
N1  - Accession Number: 11294797; DePaoli, David W.; Email Address: depaolidw@ornl.gov Tsouris, Costas 1 Hu, Michael Z.-C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 135-136, p302; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: MIXING; Author-Supplied Keyword: EHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrohydrodynamic flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrohydrodynamic mixing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafine particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zirconia particles; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.powtec.2003.08.022
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chigaev, Alexandre
AU  - Zwartz, Gordon
AU  - Graves, Steven W.
AU  - Dwyer, Denise C.
AU  - Tsuji, Hisashi
AU  - Foutz, Terry D.
AU  - Edwards, Bruce S.
AU  - Possnitz, Eric R.
AU  - Larson, Richard S.
AU  - Sklar, Larry A.
T1  - α[sub 4]β[sub 1] Integrin Affinity Changes Govern Cell Adhesion.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/03/
VL  - 278
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 38174
EP  - 38182
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Integrin α[sub 4]β[sub 1] is a receptor for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and fibronectin. It is important in lymphopoiesis, inflammatory recruitment of leukocytes, and other situations that require cell adhesion to the vascular endothelium. The avidity of the cells expressing α[sub 4]β[sub 1] integrin can be rapidly changed by chemokines and chemoattractants. Different mechanisms, including changes in the number of interacting molecules due to the alteration of the receptor topology or changes in the affinity of the individual bonds, have been proposed to explain the nature of these fast changes in avidity. Recently, we described a fluorescent LDV-containing small molecule, which we used to monitor the affinity changes on live cells in real time (Chigaev, A., Blenc, A. M., Braaten, J. V., Kumaraswamy, N., Kepley, C. L., Andrews, R. P., Oliver, J. M., Edwards, B. S., Prossnitz, E. R., Larson, R. S. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 4867045678). Here we show that the affinity of the small molecule probe as well as the native ligand vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 varies in parallel when the integrin is modulated with divalent cations and that the affinity modulation leads to the changes in cell avidity. Using formyl peptide receptor-transfected U937 cells, we further show that the time course of avidity changes in response to the receptor activation coincides with the time course of the affinity changes. Taken together, these data are consistent with the idea that affinity regulation is a major factor that governs the avidity of cell adhesion mediated by the α[sub 4] integrin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRINS
KW  - CELL adhesion
KW  - FIBRONECTINS
KW  - LEUCOCYTES
N1  - Accession Number: 11217469; Chigaev, Alexandre 1,2 Zwartz, Gordon 1 Graves, Steven W. 2 Dwyer, Denise C. 1 Tsuji, Hisashi 1 Foutz, Terry D. 1 Edwards, Bruce S. 1 Possnitz, Eric R. 3 Larson, Richard S. 1 Sklar, Larry A. 1,2; Email Address: lsklar@salud.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, University of New Mexico  2: National Flow Cytometry Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  3: Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico; Source Info: 10/3/2003, Vol. 278 Issue 40, p38174; Subject Term: INTEGRINS; Subject Term: CELL adhesion; Subject Term: FIBRONECTINS; Subject Term: LEUCOCYTES; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Rong-Guang
AU  - Andersson, C. Evalena
AU  - Skarina, Tatiana
AU  - Evdokimova, Elena
AU  - Edwards, Aled M.
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Savchenko, Alexei
AU  - Mowbray, Sherry L.
T1  - The 2.2 A˚ Resolution Structure of RpiB/AlsB from Escherichia coli Illustrates a New Approach to the Ribose-5-phosphate Isomerase Reaction
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/10/03/
VL  - 332
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Ribose-5-phosphate isomerases (EC 5.3.1.6) interconvert ribose 5-phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate. This reaction permits the synthesis of ribose from other sugars, as well as the recycling of sugars from nucleotide breakdown. Two unrelated types of enzyme can catalyze the reaction. The most common, RpiA, is present in almost all organisms (including Escherichia coli), and is highly conserved. The second type, RpiB, is present in some bacterial and eukaryotic species and is well conserved. In E. coli, RpiB is sometimes referred to as AlsB, because it can take part in the metabolism of the rare sugar, allose, as well as the much more common ribose sugars. We report here the structure of RpiB/AlsB from E. coli, solved by multi-wavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) phasing, and refined to 2.2 A˚ resolution. RpiB is the first structure to be solved from pfam02502 (the RpiB/LacAB family). It exhibits a Rossmann-type αβα-sandwich fold that is common to many nucleotide-binding proteins, as well as other proteins with different functions. This structure is quite distinct from that of the previously solved RpiA; although both are, to some extent, based on the Rossmann fold, their tertiary and quaternary structures are very different. The four molecules in the RpiB asymmetric unit represent a dimer of dimers. Active-site residues were identified at the interface between the subunits, such that each active site has contributions from both subunits. Kinetic studies indicate that RpiB is nearly as efficient as RpiA, despite its completely different catalytic machinery. The sequence and structural results further suggest that the two homologous components of LacAB (galactose-6-phosphate isomerase) will compose a bi-functional enzyme; the second activity is unknown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOMERASES
KW  - RIBOSE
KW  - SUGARS
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - galactose-6-phosphate isomerase
KW  - MAD
KW  - MAD, multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion
KW  - PDB, Protein Data Bank
KW  - pentose phosphate pathway
KW  - r.m.s., root-mean-square
KW  - ribose-5-phosphate isomerase
KW  - X-ray crystallography
N1  - Accession Number: 10804620; Zhang, Rong-Guang 1 Andersson, C. Evalena 2 Skarina, Tatiana 3 Evdokimova, Elena 3 Edwards, Aled M. 3,4 Joachimiak, Andrzej 1; Email Address: andrzejj@anl.gov Savchenko, Alexei 3 Mowbray, Sherry L. 5; Email Address: mowbray@xray.bmc.uu.se; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden  3: Clinical Genomics Centre/Proteomics, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5G 2C4  4: Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 112 College Street, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5G 1L7  5: Department of Molecular Biosciences, Division of Structural Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Biomedical Center, Box 590, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 332 Issue 5, p1083; Subject Term: ISOMERASES; Subject Term: RIBOSE; Subject Term: SUGARS; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Author-Supplied Keyword: galactose-6-phosphate isomerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAD; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAD, multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDB, Protein Data Bank; Author-Supplied Keyword: pentose phosphate pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: r.m.s., root-mean-square; Author-Supplied Keyword: ribose-5-phosphate isomerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray crystallography; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.08.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lambregts, Marsha J.
AU  - Frank, Steven M.
T1  - Characterization of cesium containing glass-bonded ceramic waste forms
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2003/10/03/
VL  - 64
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13871811
AB  - High cesium containing glass-bonded ceramic waste form samples were prepared and characterized to identify possible cesium phases present in glass-bonded ceramic waste forms developed for the containment of fission product bearing salts. Major phases of the waste forms are sodalite and glass. A combination of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were used to study the multiphase nature of these waste forms. Cesium was found to be present in the higher loaded waste forms in a cesium aluminosilicate phase with an analcime structure and a 1:1 Si:Al ratio, a pollucite phase, and also in the glass phase. The glass phase contains the majority of the cesium at lower loadings, however some pollucite also remains. Cesium was not detected in the sodalite phase of any of the samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - ALUMINUM silicates
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - Aluminosilicate
KW  - Analcime
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Pollucite
KW  - Sodalite
N1  - Accession Number: 10865168; Lambregts, Marsha J.; Email Address: marsha.lambregts@anlw.anl.gov Frank, Steven M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne-West, P.O. Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403-2528, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 64 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM silicates; Subject Term: CESIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminosilicate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analcime; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollucite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodalite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1387-1811(03)00486-4
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balachandran, U.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Fisher, B.L.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Miller, D.J.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
T1  - Development of coated conductors by inclined substrate deposition
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/10/03/Oct2003 Part 2
VL  - 392-396
M3  - Article
SP  - 806
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Inclined substrate deposition (ISD) offers the potential for rapid production of high-quality biaxially textured buffer layers suitable for YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> (YBCO)-coated conductors. We have grown biaxially textured magnesium oxide (MgO) films on Hastelloy C276 (HC) substrates by ISD at deposition rates of 20–100 A˚/s. Scanning electron microscopy of the ISD MgO films showed columnar grain structures with a roof-tile-shaped surface. X-ray pole figure analysis revealed that the <f>c</f>-axis of the ISD MgO films is titled at an angle &ap;32° from the substrate normal. A small full-width at half maximum of &ap;9° was observed for the <f>φ</f>-scan of MgO films. YBCO films were grown on ISD MgO buffered HC substrates by pulsed laser deposition and were determined to be biaxially aligned with the <f>c</f>-axis parallel to the substrate normal. The orientation relationship between the ISD template and the top YBCO film was investigated by X-ray pole figure analysis and transmission electron microscopy. A transport critical current density of <f>Jc=5.5×105</f> A/cm2 at 77 K in self-field was measured on a YBCO film that was 0.46-μm thick, 4-mm wide, 10-mm long. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YTTRIUM
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - ELECTRONIC materials
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - Biaxial texture
KW  - Coated conductor
KW  - Inclined substrate deposition
KW  - YBCO thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 10799767; Balachandran, U. 1; Email Address: balu@anl.gov Ma, B. 1 Li, M. 1 Fisher, B.L. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Miller, D.J. 2 Dorris, S.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003 Part 2, Vol. 392-396, p806; Subject Term: YTTRIUM; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biaxial texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inclined substrate deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO thin film; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00790-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsukui, S.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Adachi, M.
AU  - Baker, J.E.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
T1  - Oxygen and cation diffusion in YBCO coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/10/03/Oct2003 Part 2
VL  - 392-396
M3  - Article
SP  - 841
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Biaxially textured YBa2Cu3Ox (YBCO) films 0.3 μm thick were deposited on single-crystal LaAlO3 and buffered Hastelloy C276 substrates. After annealing in 18O at 400 °C, secondary-ion mass spectrometry was used to determine oxygen-diffusion profiles and several cation-diffusion profiles within the various layers of the conductors. Oxygenation in the YBCO/LaAlO3 specimen was relatively slow and hours would be required for full oxygenation of the YBCO. Oxygen diffusion was rapid in the coated conductor. It was dominated by diffusion along <f>a–b</f> planes and full oxygenation of a 0.3-μm-thick YBCO layer was achieved in several minutes. Cation interdiffusion was limited in the YBCO/LaAlO3 specimen, but was significant within the coated conductor. Although Cu diffused out of the superconductor, an SrTiO3 layer between textured MgO and YBCO limited diffusion of cations from the various substrate layers into the superconductor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YTTRIUM
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Interdiffusion
KW  - Oxygen diffusion
KW  - Thin film
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 10799772; Tsukui, S. 1,2 Koritala, R.E. 1 Li, M. 1 Goretta, K.C. 1 Adachi, M. 2 Baker, J.E. 3 Routbort, J.L. 1; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, ET-212, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA  2: Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-2, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan  3: Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Oct2003 Part 2, Vol. 392-396, p841; Subject Term: YTTRIUM; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interdiffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01132-8
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gouge, M.J.
AU  - Cole, M.J.
AU  - Demko, J.A.
AU  - Fisher, P.W.
AU  - Foster, C.A.
AU  - Grabovickic, R.
AU  - Lindsay, D.T.
AU  - Lue, J.W.
AU  - Roden, M.L.
AU  - Tolbert, J.C.
T1  - High-temperature superconducting tri-axial power cable
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/10/03/Oct2003 Part 2
VL  - 392-396
M3  - Article
SP  - 1180
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Encouraged by the positive test results of a 1.5-m long prototype tri-axial cable, the Southwire/ORNL team has conceived, designed and built a 5-m tri-axial cable with three-phase terminations. The three concentric superconducting phases are made of BSCCO-2223 HTS tapes, separated by layers of cold-dielectric tape. A copper braid is added as the grounding shield. The completed tri-axial cable is enclosed in a flexible cryostat. Cooling of the cable and terminations is achieved by liquid nitrogen flowing through the annulus between the cable and the cryostat. The terminations used in the cable tests are cooled by a separate liquid nitrogen stream. The resulting three-phase, cold dielectric, cable and termination design is nearly as compact as the single-phase, co-axial design developed previously by Southwire/ORNL and represents the highest known cable current density achievable in an electric AC power cable. DC testing of the 5-m cable includes <f>V</f>–<f>I</f> curves for each of the concentric HTS phases, cable heat loads at varying DC currents, liquid nitrogen flow-pressure measurements, and over-current tests. AC testing of the cable includes ac loss measurements, induced-current in the Cu-shield measurements and operation at the line voltage test. The ac losses are measured calorimetrically by measuring the temperature differential of the coolant across the cable length due to the ac loss in the superconductors. Both balanced and un-balanced currents among the three phases are used in ac loss and induced current measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Superconducting cable
KW  - Superconducting power applications
N1  - Accession Number: 10799839; Gouge, M.J. 1; Email Address: gougemj@ornl.gov Cole, M.J. 1 Demko, J.A. 1 Fisher, P.W. 1 Foster, C.A. 1 Grabovickic, R. 1 Lindsay, D.T. 2 Lue, J.W. 1 Roden, M.L. 2 Tolbert, J.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Applied Superconductivity Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, MS 8071, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8071, USA  2: Southwire Company, 1 Southwire Dr., Carrollton, GA 30119, USA; Source Info: Oct2003 Part 2, Vol. 392-396, p1180; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting cable; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting power applications; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00788-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibson, Emily A.
AU  - Paul, Ariel
AU  - Wagner, Nick
AU  - Tobey, Ra'anan
AU  - Gaudiosi, David
AU  - Backus, Sterling
AU  - Christov, Ivan P.
AU  - Aquila, Andy
AU  - Gullikson, Eric M.
AU  - Attwood, David T.
AU  - Murnane, Margaret M.
AU  - Kapteyn, Henry C.
T1  - Coherent Soft X-ray Generation in the Water Window with Quasi-Phase Matching.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/03/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5642
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 98
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We demonstrate enhanced generation of coherent light in the "water window" region of the soft x-ray spectrum at 4.4 nanometers, using quasi-phase-matched frequency conversion of ultrafast laser pulses. By periodically modulating the diameter of a gas-filled hollow waveguide, the phase mismatch normally present between the laser light and the generated soft x-ray light can be partially compensated. This makes it possible to use neon gas as the nonlinear medium to coherently convert light up to the water window, illustrating that techniques of nonlinear optics can be applied effectively in the soft x-ray region of the spectrum. These results advance the prospects for compact coherent soft x-ray sources for applications in biomicroscopy and in chemical spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - NEON
KW  - GASES
N1  - Accession Number: 18082342; Gibson, Emily A. 1 Paul, Ariel 1 Wagner, Nick 1 Tobey, Ra'anan 1 Gaudiosi, David 1 Backus, Sterling 1 Christov, Ivan P. 2 Aquila, Andy 3 Gullikson, Eric M. 3 Attwood, David T. 3,4 Murnane, Margaret M. 1 Kapteyn, Henry C. 1; Email Address: kapteyn@jila.colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA.  2: Department of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria.  3: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  4: Applied Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 10/3/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5642, p95; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: NEON; Subject Term: GASES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3490
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, C.L.
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
T1  - Reducing the thermal expansion anisotropy in Mo5Si3 by Nb and V additions: theory and experiment
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/10/06/
VL  - 51
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5083
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Mo5Si3 exhibits a high anisotropy of its coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) in the a and c directions, i.e., <f>CTE(c)/CTE(a)=2.0</f>. The high CTE anisotropy is due to the existence of prominent atom chains along the c-axis. Ternary alloying additions that effectively stretch the atom chains are likely to reduce the bonding directionality/strength and CTE anisotropy. First-principles local-density-functional calculations were carried out for two alloy systems, MoNb4Si3 and Mo4VSi3. Indeed, we find a significant reduction of the CTE ratio to a value of 1.5 for MoNb4Si3 and a value close to 1.0 for Mo4VSi3. The decrease in the CTE anisotropy mainly comes from the reduction in CTE in the c-direction. While a conventional approach to reduce the CTE would involve an increase in lattice rigidity by increasing the bond strength, our strategy focuses on the reduction of driving force for thermal expansion by decreasing the bond directionality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - TERNARY alloys
KW  - Ab initio calculation
KW  - Intermetallic compounds
KW  - Theory and modeling (structural behavior)
KW  - Thermal expansion
N1  - Accession Number: 10741570; Fu, C.L.; Email Address: fucl@ornl.gov Schneibel, J.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6114, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 51 Issue 17, p5083; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: TERNARY alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio calculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory and modeling (structural behavior); Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal expansion; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00358-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tian, Y.
AU  - Bastawros, A.F.
AU  - Lo, C.C.H.
AU  - Constant, A.P.
AU  - Russell, A.M.
AU  - Cook, B.A.
T1  - Superhard self-lubricating AlMgB[sub 14] films for microelectromechanical devices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/06/
VL  - 83
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2781
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Performance and reliability of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) components can be enhanced dramatically through the incorporation of protective thin-film coatings. Current-generation MEMS devices prepared by the lithographie-galvanoformung-abformung (LIGA) technique employ transition metals such as Ni, Cu, Fe, or alloys thereof, and hence lack stability in oxidizing, corrosive, and/or high-temperature environments. Fabrication of a superhard self-lubricating coating based on a ternary boride compound AlMgB[sub 14] described in this letter has great potential in protective coating technology for LIGA microdevices. Nanoindentation tests show that the hardness of AlMgB[sub 14] films prepared by pulsed laser deposition ranges from 45 GPa to 51 GPa, when deposited at room temperature and 573 K, respectively. Extremely low friction coefficients of 0.04–0.05, which are thought to result from a self-lubricating effect, have also been confirmed by nanoscratch tests on the AlMgB[sub 14] films. Transmission electron microscopy studies show that the as-deposited films are amorphous, regardless of substrate temperature; however, analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectra suggests that the higher substrate temperature facilitates the formation of the B[sub 12] icosahedral framework, therefore leading to the higher hardness. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - BORON compounds
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10964900; Tian, Y. 1; Email Address: ytian@istate.edu Bastawros, A.F. 2 Lo, C.C.H. 3 Constant, A.P. 3 Russell, A.M. 3 Cook, B.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Iowa  2: Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Iowa State University, Iowa  3: Ames Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Iowa; Source Info: 10/6/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 14, p2781; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: BORON compounds; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615677
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jasinki, J.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Paduano, Q.S.
AU  - Weybourne, D.W.
T1  - Inversion domains in AlN grown on (0001) sapphire.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/06/
VL  - 83
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2811
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Al-polarity inversion domains formed during AlN layer growth on (0001) sapphire were identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). They resemble columnar inversion domains reported for GaN films grown on (0001) sapphire. However, for AlN, these columns have a V-like shape with boundaries that deviate by 2°±0.5° from the c axis. TEM identification of these defects agrees with the post-growth surface morphology as well as with the microstructure revealed by etching in hot aqueous KOH. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM nitride
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10964890; Jasinki, J. 1; Email Address: jbjasinski@lbl.gov Liliental-Weber, Z. 1 Paduano, Q.S. 2 Weybourne, D.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California  2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, Massachusetts; Source Info: 10/6/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 14, p2811; Subject Term: ALUMINUM nitride; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1616191
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Beeman, J.W.
AU  - Scarpulla, M.A.
AU  - Dubon, O.D.
AU  - Ridgway, M.C.
AU  - Mars, D.E.
AU  - Chamberlin, D.R.
T1  - Mutual passivation of group IV donors and nitrogen in diluted GaN[sub x]As[sub 1-x] alloys.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/06/
VL  - 83
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2844
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate the mutual passivation phenomenon of Ge donors and isovalent N in highly mismatched alloy GaN[sub x]As[sub 1-x] doped with Ge. Layers of this alloy were formed by the sequential implantation of Ge and N ions followed by pulsed laser melting and rapid thermal annealing. The mutual passivation effect results in the electrical deactivation of Ge[sub Ga] donors (Ge on Ga sites) and suppression of the N[sub As] (N on As sites) induced band gap narrowing through the formation of Ge[sub Ga]–N[sub As] nearest neighbor pairs. These results in combination with the analogous effect observed in Si-doped GaN[sub x]As[sub 1-x] provide clear evidence of the general nature of the mutual passivation phenomenon in highly mismatched semiconductor alloys. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 10964879; Yu, K.M. 1; Email Address: kmyu@lbl.gov Walukiewicz, W. 1 Wu, J. 1 Shan, W. 1 Beeman, J.W. 1 Scarpulla, M.A. 2 Dubon, O.D. 2 Ridgway, M.C. 3 Mars, D.E. 4 Chamberlin, D.R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California  3: Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Australia  4: Agilent Laboratories, California; Source Info: 10/6/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 14, p2844; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1616980
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deyu Li
AU  - Yiying Wu
AU  - Kim, Philip
AU  - Li Shi
AU  - Peidong Yang
AU  - Majumdar, Arun
T1  - Thermal conductivity of individual silicon nanowires.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/06/
VL  - 83
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2934
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The thermal conductivities of individual single crystalline intrinsic Si nanowires with diameters of 22, 37, 56, and 115 nm were measured using a microfabricated suspended device over a temperature range of 20–320 K. Although the nanowires had well-defined crystalline order, the thermal conductivity observed was more than two orders of magnitude lower than the bulk value. The strong diameter dependence of thermal conductivity in nanowires was ascribed to the increased phonon-boundary scattering and possible phonon spectrum modification. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - SILICON
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 10964849; Deyu Li 1 Yiying Wu 2 Kim, Philip 3 Li Shi 4 Peidong Yang 5 Majumdar, Arun 6; Email Address: majumdar@me.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California  3: Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas  5: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California  6: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 10/6/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 14, p2934; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1616981
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhuravleva, Marina A.
AU  - Pcionek, Robert J.
AU  - Xiaoping Wang
AU  - Schultz, Arthur J.
AU  - Kanatzidis, Mecouri G.
T1  - REMGa[sub 3]Ge and RE[sub 3]Ni[sub 3]Ga[sub 8]Ge[sub 3] (M = Ni, Co; RE = Rare-Earth Element): New Intermetallics Synthesized in Liquid Gallium. X-ray, Electron, and Neutron Structure Determination and Magnetism.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/06/
VL  - 42
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6412
EP  - 6424
SN  - 00201669
AB  - New quaternary intermetallic phases REMGa[sub 3]Ge (1) (RE = Y, Sm, Tb, Gd, Er, Tm; M = Ni, Co) and RE[sub 3]Ni[sub 3]Ga[sub 8]Ge[sub 3] (2) (RE = Sm, Gd) were obtained from exploratory reactions involving rare-earth elements (RE), transition metal (M), Ge, and excess liquid Ga the reactive solvent. The crystal structures were solved with single-crystal X-ray and electron diffraction. The crystals of 1 and 2 are tetragonal. Single-crystal X-ray data: YNiGa[sub 3]Ge, a = 4.1748(10) Å, c = 23.710(8) Å, V = 413.24(2) ų, 14/mmm, Z= 4; Gd[sub 3]Ni[sub 3]Ga[sub 8]Ge[sub 3], a = 4.1809(18) Å, c = 17.035(11) Å, V = 297.8(3) ų, P4/mmm, Z=1. Both compounds feature square nets of Ga atoms. The distribution of Ga and Ge atoms in the REMGa[sub 3]Ge was determined with neutron diffraction. The neutron experiments revealed that in 1 the Ge atoms are specifically located at the 4e crystallographic site, while Ga atoms are at 4d and 8g. The crystal structures of these compounds are related and could be derived from the consecutive stacking of disordered [MGa][sub 2] puckered layers, monatomic RE-Ge planes and [MGa[sub 4]Ge[sub 2]] slabs. Complex superstructures with modulations occurring in the ab-plane and believed to be associated with the square nets of Ga atoms were found by electron diffraction. The magnetic measurements show antiferromagnetic ordering of the moments located on the RE atoms at low temperature, and Curie-Weiss behavior at higher temperatures with the values of μ[sub eff] close to those expected for RE[sup 3+] free ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - RARE earth metals
N1  - Accession Number: 11087386; Zhuravleva, Marina A. 1 Pcionek, Robert J. 1 Xiaoping Wang 2 Schultz, Arthur J. 2 Kanatzidis, Mecouri G. 1; Email Address: kanatzid@cem.msu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: 10/6/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 20, p6412; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: RARE earth metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 14 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 8 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vogt, R.
AU  - Gutierrez, T.D.
T1  - <f>Ξ−</f> and <f>Ω</f> distributions in hadron–nucleus interactions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/10/06/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 134
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Strange baryons have long been known to exhibit a leading particle effect. A recent comparison of <f>Ξ−</f> production in <f>π−</f>, <f>n</f>, and <f>Σ−</f> interactions with nuclei show this effect clearly. These data are supplemented by earlier measurements of <f>Ξ−</f> and <f>Ω</f> production by a <f>Ξ−</f> beam. We calculate the <f>Ξ−</f> and <f>Ω</f> <f>xF</f> distributions and nuclear dependence in <f>hA</f> interactions using the intrinsic model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 10635700; Vogt, R. 1,2; Email Address: vogt@lbl.gov Gutierrez, T.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 726 Issue 1/2, p134; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.07.003
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuehl, Christopher J.
AU  - Simpson, Cheslan K.
AU  - John, Kevin D.
AU  - Sattelberger, Alfred P.
AU  - Carlson, Christin N.
AU  - Hanusa, Timothy P.
T1  - Monomeric f-element chemistry with sterically encumbered allyl ligands
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/07/
VL  - 683
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - A new class of allyl-lanthanide salts of the type [K(thf)4][(C3H3(SiMe3)2)3LnI] (Ln=Ce, Pr, Nd, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er) have been prepared and isolated by reaction of three equivalents of the 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)allyl anion with LnI3. The neutral complex [C3H3(SiMe3)2]3Nd(thf) has been isolated from the reaction of the triflate complex Nd(O3SCF3)3 with three equivalents of the 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)allyl anion. These complexes have been structurally characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - Allyl
KW  - Bulley ligands
KW  - Complex
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Lanthanide
KW  - Tetrahydrofuran
N1  - Accession Number: 10925034; Kuehl, Christopher J. 1 Simpson, Cheslan K. 1 John, Kevin D. 1; Email Address: kjohn@lanl.gov Sattelberger, Alfred P. 1 Carlson, Christin N. 2 Hanusa, Timothy P. 2; Email Address: t.hanusa@vanderbilt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J582, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 683 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Allyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulley ligands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetrahydrofuran; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-328X(03)00558-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baer, Roi
AU  - Kouri, Donald J.
AU  - Baer, Michael
AU  - Hoffman, David K.
T1  - General Born–Oppenheimer–Huang approach to systems of electrons and nuclei.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 6998
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We reconsider the Born–Oppenheimer–Huang treatment of systems of electrons and nuclei for the case of their interaction with time-dependent fields. Initially, we present a framework in which all expressions derived are formally exact since no truncations are introduced. The objective is to explore the general structure of the equations under the most unrestricted conditions, including the possibility that the electronic basis is dependent both on the nuclear coordinates and on time. We then derive an application of the theory applicable to cases of interaction with strong time-dependent fields. The method truncates the electronic basis only after the time-dependent interaction is taken into account in the electronic wave functions. This leads to theory which is similar to a Born–Oppenheimer-type truncation within the interaction picture. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORN-Oppenheimer approximation
KW  - ELECTRON-electron interactions
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 10937149; Baer, Roi 1 Kouri, Donald J. 2; Email Address: kouri@uh.edu Baer, Michael 3; Email Address: michaelb@fh.huji.ac.il Hoffman, David K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physical Chemistry and Lise Meitner Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem  2: Departments of Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics, University of Houston  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Houston  4: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University; Source Info: 10/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 14, p6998; Subject Term: BORN-Oppenheimer approximation; Subject Term: ELECTRON-electron interactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606433
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clegg, Samuel M.
AU  - Parsons, Bradley F.
AU  - Klippenstein, Stephen J.
AU  - Osborn, David L.
T1  - Photodissociation dynamics of dicyclopropyl ketone at 193 nm: Isomerization of the cyclopropyl ligand.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 7222
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The photodissociation dynamics of dicyclopropyl ketone are investigated using time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and photofragment ion imaging spectroscopy. The photodissociation products are C[sub 3]H[sub 5]+CO+C[sub 3]H[sub 5], and the isomerization dynamics of C[sub 3]H[sub 5] are the focus of this paper. Electronic structure calculations are used to define the potential energy surface, while a two-step phase space theory model predicts excitation in the CO product. The vibrational energy distribution of the CO product is not described by this statistical distribution, and is more excited than that observed in the analogous dissociation of acetone. The translational energy distribution of CO indicates an exit barrier on the potential energy surface. Contrary to expectations based on the photodissociation of other aliphatic ketones, the hydrocarbon products are not cyclopropyl radicals. Instead, the excited dicyclopropyl ketone undergoes a ring-opening isomerization to form diallyl ketone, followed by dissociation producing allyl radicals and carbon monoxide. Some of the allyl radicals have sufficient internal energy to decompose to allene+H. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - KETONES
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 10937121; Clegg, Samuel M. 1 Parsons, Bradley F. 1 Klippenstein, Stephen J. 1 Osborn, David L. 1; Email Address: dlosborn@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: 10/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 14, p7222; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: KETONES; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606445
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sewell, Thomas D.
AU  - Menikoff, Ralph
AU  - Bedrov, Dmitry
AU  - Smith, Grant D.
T1  - A molecular dynamics simulation study of elastic properties of HMX.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 7417
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Atomistic simulations were used to calculate the isothermal elastic properties for β-, α-, and δ-octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). The room-temperature isotherm for each polymorph was computed in the pressure interval 0≤p≤10.6 GPa and was used to extract the initial isothermal bulk modulus K[sub o] and its pressure derivative using equations of state employed previously in experimental studies of the β-HMX isotherm. The complete elastic tensor for each polymorph was calculated at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. For the case of β-HMX, the calculated elastic tensor is compared to one based on a fit to sound speed data yielding reasonably good agreement. The bulk modulus of β-HMX obtained from equation-of-state fits to the room-temperature isotherm agrees well with that determined from the complete elastic tensor and from volume fluctuations at atmospheric pressure. However, the value of K[sub o] obtained from the isotherm is sensitive to choice of equation of state fitting form and to the weighting scheme employed in the fit. Based upon simulation results and reanalysis of experimental data, the commonly accepted value of the initial isothermal bulk modulus for β-HMX should be revised from a value of ∼12.4–13.5 GPa to ∼15–16 GPa. The present report provides the first accurate determination of the elastic tensors and isotropic moduli for α- and δ-HMX. Predicted values of the shear moduli for α- and δ-HMX are more than a factor of 2 smaller than for β-HMX. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - POLYMORPHISM (Crystallography)
N1  - Accession Number: 10937104; Sewell, Thomas D. 1 Menikoff, Ralph 1 Bedrov, Dmitry 2 Smith, Grant D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division , Detonation Theory and Application Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical and Fuels Engineering, University of Utah; Source Info: 10/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 14, p7417; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: POLYMORPHISM (Crystallography); Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1599273
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, Aidan P.
T1  - Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation of electro-osmotic flow in a charged nanopore.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 7503
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were performed for Poiseuille and electro-osmotic flow in a charged cylindrical nanopore. The goal was to examine any deviations from continuum flow behavior and to compare and contrast the Poiseuille and electro-osmotic flow situations. The fluid was composed of cationic counterions and nonpolar monatomic solvent molecules. The cylindrical surface of the pore wall was represented by a stochastic scattering boundary condition. The lack of any surface roughness and the computational efficiency of the fluid model enabled the velocity profile near the wall to be measured at very high spatial resolution. The simulation results indicate that both Poiseuille and electro-osmotic flow conform to continuum transport theories except in the first monolayer of fluid at the pore wall. The apparent viscosity in this region was highly nonuniform and exhibited singularities. Despite this, the viscosity profiles obtained from Poiseuille and electro-osmotic flow were in good mutual agreement at all locations. The singularities were caused by a local maximum in the solvent and counterion velocity profiles occurring at the edge of the first monolayer of liquid. This apparent channeling of fluid near the pore wall has been observed in previous studies of Poiseuille flow. The exact cause is not clear, but it may be due to cooperative transport of the fluid molecules facilitated by two-dimensional ordering at the wall. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ELECTRO-osmosis
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - FLUID mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 10937093; Thompson, Aidan P. 1; Email Address: athomps.@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: 10/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 14, p7503; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ELECTRO-osmosis; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1609194
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen
AU  - W.
AU  - Liu
AU  - J.
AU  - Ng
AU  - C. Y.
T1  - Vacuum Ultraviolet Pulsed Field Ionization-Photoelectron Study for N2O+ in the Energy Range of 16.3-21.0 eV.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 8086
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The vacuum ultraviolet pulsed field ionization-photoelectron (PFI-PE) spectra for N2O have been measured in the energy range of 16.3-21.0 eV, covering the vibronic bands of N2O+(A2Σ+, B2Π, and C2Σ+). Many vibronic bands, which were not resolved in previous photoelectron studies, are identified in the present measurement. As observed in the HeI photoelectron spectra of N2O, the PFI-PE spectra for N2O+(A2Σ+ and C2Σ+) are dominated by excitation of the ν1+ (symmetric stretching) and ν3+ (antisymmetric stretching) modes, along with weak bands due to excitation of both even and odd quanta of the ν2+ (bending) mode. The simulation of the rotational contours resolved in the PFI-PE bands associated with excitation to N2O+(A2Σ+, ν1+ = 0-1, ν2+ = 0, and ν3+ = 0-1) has revealed the orbital angular momentum of the outgoing photoelectrons and yielded accurate ionization energies for the formation of these states from N2O(X1Σ+). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FAR ultraviolet radiation
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11046784; Chen W. 1 Liu J. 1 Ng C. Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 40, p8086; Subject Term: FAR ultraviolet radiation; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buschmann
AU  - W. E.
AU  - McGrane
AU  - S. D.
AU  - Shreve
AU  - A. P.
T1  - Chemical Tuning of Nonlinearity Leading to Intrinsically Localized Modes in Halide-Bridged Mixed-Valence Platinum Materials.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 8198
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The appearance of nonlinearity in multiphonon excitations is compared in the series of [Pt(en)2X2][Pt(en)2](ClO4)4 (X = Cl, Br, I; en = ethylenediamine) mixed-valence, linear-chain, charge-density-wave compounds. This comparison is made for crystals obtained under new synthetic conditions that minimize chemical defects incorporated during crystal growth. The single-crystal resonance Raman spectra collected at 77 K on this series (with natural isotope abundances) show strong red-shifting of the X-Pt-X symmetric stretch overtone peaks for X = Cl, modest red-shifting for X = Br, and no anharmonicity for X = I. When X = Cl, by the sixth overtone of the 35Cl-Pt-35Cl stretch, red shifts significantly larger than 10% of the fundamental frequency are observed. In addition, evolution of spectral line shapes corresponding to formation of dynamically localized vibrational states (intrinsically localized modes) is apparent, even by the second overtone. When X = Br, observed red shifts are less than 7% up to the eighth overtone, and there is no spectral evidence for intrinsically localized modes at 77 K. Further study of X = Br at 4 K yields spectra up to the 11th overtone having similar red shifts and narrower line shapes than at 77 K but provides only very ambiguous indications of resolved combination bands that could correspond to intrinsically localized modes. When X = I, the lack of any observed anharmonicity indicates linear phonon excitations, which likely correspond to highly delocalized small amplitude motions. The series of data presented here demonstrate how nonlinearities in vibrational degrees of freedom, and the corresponding existence of localized modes, can be tuned chemically by adjusting the competing effects of electron delocalization and electron-phonon interactions in low-dimensional materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - MULTIPHONICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11046799; Buschmann W. E. 1 McGrane S. D. 1 Shreve A. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division and Dynamic Experimentation Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 40, p8198; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: MULTIPHONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farrell
AU  - D.
AU  - Majetich
AU  - S. A.
AU  - Wilcoxon
AU  - J. P.
T1  - Preparation and Characterization of Monodisperse Fe Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 11022
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Fe nanoparticles prepared by iron carbonyl decomposition using different methods are compared structurally, chemically, and magnetically. The specific magnetization of the particles was determined from the magnetic moment, the particle size observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the total iron concentration found from calibrated X-ray fluorescence. The volume fraction of oxide is reported for particles of different sizes and for particles made by slightly different techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETIC monopoles
N1  - Accession Number: 11046829; Farrell D. 1 Majetich S. A. 1 Wilcoxon J. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-3890, and Nanostructures and Advanced Materials Chemistry, Department 1122, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1421; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 40, p11022; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC monopoles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eliis, William W.
AU  - Ciancanelli, Rebecca
AU  - Miller, Susie M.
AU  - Raebiger, James W.
AU  - DuBois, M. Rakowski
AU  - DuBois, Daniel L.
T1  - Thermodynamic Hydride Donor Abilities of [HW(CO)[sub 4]L][sup -] Complexes (L = PPh[sub 3], P(OMe)[sub 3], CO) and Their Reactions with [C[sub 5]Me[sub 5]Re(PMe[sub 3])(NO)(CO)][sup +].
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 125
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 12230
EP  - 12236
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The thermodynamic hydride donor abilities of [HW(CO)[sub 5]][sup -] (40 kcal/mol), [HW(CO)[sub 4]P(OMe[sub 3])][sup -] (37 kcal/mol), and [HW(CO)[sub 4](PPh[sub 3])][sup -] (36 kcal/mol) have been measured in acetonitrile by either equilibrium or calorimetric methods. The hydride donor abilities of these complexes are compared with other complexes for which similar thermodynamic measurements have been made. [HW(CO)[sub 5]][sup -], [HW(CO)[sub 4]P(OMe[sub 3])][sup -], and [HW(CO)[sub 4](PPh[sub 3])][sup -] all react rapidly with [Cp*Re(PMe[sub 3])(NO)(CO)][sup +] to form dinuclear intermediates with bridging formyl ligands. These intermediates slowly form [Cp*Re(PMe[sub 3])(NO)(CHO)] and [W(CO)[sub 4](L)(CH[sub 3]CN)]. The structure of cis-[HW(CO)[sub 4](PPh[sub 3])][sup -] has been determined and has the expected octahedral structure. The hydride ligand bends away from the CO ligand trans to PPh[sub 3] and toward PPh[sub 3]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11271661; Eliis, William W. 1 Ciancanelli, Rebecca 2 Miller, Susie M. 3 Raebiger, James W. 1 DuBois, M. Rakowski 2; Email Address: Mary.Rakowski-dubois@Colorado.edu DuBois, Daniel L. 1; Email Address: ddubois@tcplink.nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado  2: University of Colorado  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado; Source Info: 10/8/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 40, p12230; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abrikosov, A.A.
T1  - Transparency threshold in the insulating phase of layered copper oxides
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 397
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The dielectric function of the insulating antiferromagnetic phase of high-<f>Tc</f> layered cuprates is calculated, as function of frequency, at different dopings and temperatures. It is shown that at frequencies below the energy gap the dielectric constant is real but can change its sign. This means that there exists a transparency threshold. The corresponding frequency is calculated, as function of temperature at different dopings. It vanishes in both limits: <f>T→0</f>, and <f>T→TN</f>, if the transition at <f>TN</f> is a second order transition. In case of a first order transition the threshold frequency remains finite at <f>TN</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 10903917; Abrikosov, A.A. 1; Email Address: abrikosov@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 223, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 397 Issue 1/2, p71; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01328-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abrikosov, A.A.
T1  - Antiferromagnetic bubbles around nonmagnetic impurities
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/10/08/
VL  - 397
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 09214534
AB  - An explanation is proposed for the experimentally observed phenomenon of an antiferromagnetic spin polarization around nonmagnetic impurities, Zn and Li, in the metallic state of layered copper oxides. The explanation is based on the idea that the impurity ion, creating an excess positive charge at the copper site, reduces the hole concentration in its vicinity, and this leads to the appearance of a bubble of a an insulating spin-density wave phase around the impurity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - COPPER oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 10903918; Abrikosov, A.A. 1; Email Address: abrikosov@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 223 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 397 Issue 1/2, p77; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01251-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szöke, Abraham
AU  - Scott, William G.
AU  - Hajdu, János
T1  - Catalysis, evolution and life
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/09/
VL  - 553
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Living organisms are unique in their ability to generate and replicate ordered systems from disordered components. Generation of order, replication of the individual, and evolution of the species all depend on the successful utilization of external energy derived from chemicals and light. The information for reproduction is encoded in nucleic acids, but evolution depends on a limited variability in replication, and proceeds through the selection of individuals with altered biochemistry. Essentially all biochemistry is catalyzed; therefore, altered biochemistry implies altered or new catalysts. In that sense catalysis is the medium of evolution. We propose that a basic property of enzymes, at least as fundamental as reaction rate enhancement, is to adjust the reaction path by altering and eventually optimizing the reversible interchange of chemical, electrical and mechanical energy among themselves and their reactants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOME replication
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY theories
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Evolution
KW  - Replication
KW  - Self-replication
N1  - Accession Number: 11002041; Szöke, Abraham 1,2; Email Address: szoke1@llnl.gov Scott, William G. 3 Hajdu, János 1; Affiliation:  1: ICM Molecular Biophysics, Uppsala University, Box 596, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and The Center for the Molecular Biology of RNA Sinsheimer Laboratories, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 553 Issue 1/2, p18; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME replication; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY theories; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Replication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-replication; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01008-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wuosmaa, A.H.
AU  - Wiedenhöver, I.
AU  - Caggiano, J.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Devlin, M.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Kondev, F.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Sarantites, D.G.
AU  - Sobotka, L.G.
AU  - Battacharyya, P.
T1  - Angular correlation, spin alignment, and systematics of mis-matched <f>12C+12C</f> inelastic scattering resonances
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/10/09/
VL  - 571
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Particle gamma-ray angular correlation measurements have been used to study the spin alignment and magnetic-substate population parameters for the <f>2+1</f> (4.443 MeV) state in 12C, populated in the <f>12C(12C,12C[0+2])12C(2+1)</f> inelastic scattering reaction in the vicinity of a prominent, narrow peak in the scattering excitation function. The data show a strong alignment of the spin with the orbital angular momentum, and suggest that the cross section peak corresponds to a spin <f>14+</f> resonance at <f>Ec.m.=28.0</f> MeV. This energy is close to that where a strong peak is also observed in the <f>0+1+0+2</f> excitation function. A comparison between the data for these two channels lends some support to recent theoretical calculations of resonance behavior for angular-momentum-mismatched channels in <f>12C+12C</f> inelastic scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Angular correlations
KW  - Resonances
N1  - Accession Number: 10806662; Wuosmaa, A.H. 1,2; Email Address: alan.wuosmaa@wmich.edu Wiedenhöver, I. 2,3 Caggiano, J. 2 Carpenter, M.P. 2 Devlin, M. 4 Heinz, A. 2 Janssens, R.V.F. 2 Kondev, F. 2 Lauritsen, T. 2 Sarantites, D.G. 4 Sobotka, L.G. 4 Battacharyya, P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5252, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4350, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA  5: Physics Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2036, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 571 Issue 3/4, p155; Subject Term: ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angular correlations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonances; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.07.074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazumdar, S.
AU  - Dallakyan, S.
AU  - Chandross, M.
T1  - Designing π-conjugated polymers with light emission in the infrared
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2003/10/09/
VL  - 139
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 769
SN  - 03796779
AB  - There is currently a great need for solid state lasers that emit in the infrared. Whether or not conjugated polymers that emit in the IR can be synthesized is an interesting theoretical challenge. We show that emission in the IR can be achieved in designer polymers in which the effective Coulomb correlation is smaller than that in existing systems. We also show that the structural requirement for having small effective Coulomb correlations is that there exist transverse π-conjugation over a few bonds in addition to longitudinal conjugation with large conjugation lengths. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - Light sources
KW  - Polyacetylene and derivatives
KW  - Semi-empirical models and model calculations
N1  - Accession Number: 10694944; Mazumdar, S. 1; Email Address: sumit@physics.arizona.edu Dallakyan, S. 1 Chandross, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 139 Issue 3, p769; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyacetylene and derivatives; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-empirical models and model calculations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0379-6779(03)00260-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Le Maître, O.P.
AU  - Knio, O.M.
AU  - Debusschere, B.J.
AU  - Najm, H.N.
AU  - Ghanem, R.G.
T1  - A multigrid solver for two-dimensional stochastic diffusion equations
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2003/10/10/
VL  - 192
IS  - 41/42
M3  - Article
SP  - 4723
SN  - 00457825
AB  - Steady and unsteady diffusion equations, with stochastic diffusivity coefficient and forcing term, are modeled in two dimensions by means of stochastic spectral representations. Problem data and solution variables are expanded using the Polynomial Chaos system. The approach leads to a set of coupled problems for the stochastic modes. Spatial finite-difference discretization of these coupled problems results in a large system of equations, whose dimension necessitates the use of iterative approaches in order to obtain the solution within a reasonable computational time. To accelerate the convergence of the iterative technique, a multigrid method, based on spatial coarsening, is implemented. Numerical experiments show good scaling properties of the method, both with respect to the number of spatial grid points and the stochastic resolution level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Diffusion equation
KW  - Karhunen–Loève expansion
KW  - Multigrid
KW  - Polynomial Chaos
KW  - Random media
KW  - Stochastic problem
N1  - Accession Number: 10863881; Le Maître, O.P. 1; Email Address: olm@cemif.univ-evry.fr Knio, O.M. 2; Email Address: knio@jhu.edu Debusschere, B.J. 3; Email Address: bjdebus@ca.sandia.gov Najm, H.N. 3; Email Address: hnnajm@ca.sandia.gov Ghanem, R.G. 4; Email Address: ghanem@jhu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Université d’Evry Val d’Essonne, Centre d’Etudes de Mécanique d’Ile de France, 40 Rue du Pelvoux CE 1455, 91 020 Evry cedex, France  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Department of Civil Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 192 Issue 41/42, p4723; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Karhunen–Loève expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polynomial Chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic problem; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-7825(03)00457-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolling, Derrick R.J.
AU  - Samoilova, Rimma I.
AU  - Holland, J. Todd
AU  - Berry, Edward A.
AU  - Dikanov, Sergei A.
AU  - Crofts, Antony R.
T1  - Exploration of Ligands to the Q[sub i] Site Semiquinone in the bc[sub 1] Complex Using High-resolution EPR.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/10/
VL  - 278
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 39747
EP  - 39754
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Pulsed EPR spectroscopy was used to explore the structural neighborhood of the semiquinone (SQ) stabilized at the Q[sub i] site of the bc[sub 1] complex of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (EC 1.10.2.2) and to demonstrate that the nitrogen atom of a histidine imidazole group donates an H-bond to the SQ. Crystallographic structures show two different configurations for the binding of ubiquinone at the Q[sub i] site of mitochondrial bc[sub 1] complexes in which histidine (His-201 in bovine sequence) is either a direct H-bond donor or separated by a bridging water. The paramagnetic properties of the SQ formed at the site provide an independent method for studying the liganding of this intermediate species. The antimycin-sensitive SQ formed at the Q[sub i] site by either equilibrium redox titration, reduction of the oxidized complex by ascorbate, or addition of decylubihydroquinone to the oxidized complex in the presence of myxothiazol all showed similar properties. The electron spin echo envelope modulation spectra in the [sup 14]N region were dominated by lines with frequencies at 1.7 and 3.1 MHz. Hyperfine sublevel correlation spectroscopy spectra showed that these were contributed by a single nitrogen. Further analysis showed that the [sup 14]N nucleus was characterized by an isotropic hyperfine coupling of ∼0.8 MHz and a quadrupole coupling constant of ∼0.35 MHz. The nitrogen was identified as the N-∈ or N-δ imidazole nitrogen of a histidine (it is likely to be His-217, or His-201 in bovine sequence). A distance of 2.5-3.1 Å for the O-N distance between the carbonyl of SQ and the nitrogen was estimated. The mechanistic significance is discussed in the context of a dynamic role for the movement of His-217 in proton transfer to the site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - QUINONE
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 11271435; Kolling, Derrick R.J. 1 Samoilova, Rimma I. 2 Holland, J. Todd 1 Berry, Edward A. 3 Dikanov, Sergei A. 4 Crofts, Antony R. 1,2; Email Address: a-crofts@life.uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois  2: Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California  4: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois; Source Info: 10/10/2003, Vol. 278 Issue 41, p39747; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: QUINONE; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szabelski, Pawel
AU  - Liu, Xiaoda
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Pressure-induced effects in the heterogeneous adsorption of insulin on chromatographic surfaces
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/10/10/
VL  - 1015
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The effect of increasing the average column pressure (ACP) on the heterogeneous adsorption of insulin variants on a C18-bonded silica was studied in isocratic reversed-phase HPLC. Adsorption isotherm data of lispro and porcine insulin obtained for values of the ACP ranging from 57 to 237 bar were fitted to the Langmuir–Freundlich and the To´th equation. The resulting isotherm parameters, including the equilibrium adsorption constant and the heterogeneity index, were next used for the calculation of distribution functions characterizing the energy of interactions between the adsorbed insulin molecules and the stationary phase. It was observed that increasing the pressure by 180 bar causes a broadening of the distribution functions and a shift of the position of their maximum toward lower interaction energies. These findings suggest that, under high pressures, the insulin molecules interact with the stationary phase in a more diversified way than under low pressures. Additionally, the most probable value of the energy of the insulin–surface interactions becomes lower when the ACP increases. The pressure-induced changes in the interaction of insulin variants with the hydrophobic surface are attributed to a possible conformational flexibility of the molecular structure of this protein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Equations
KW  - Insulin
KW  - Silica
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Heterogeneous interactions
KW  - Hydrophobic surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 10863343; Szabelski, Pawel 1; Liu, Xiaoda 2,3; Guiochon, Georges 2,3; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, pl. M.-C. Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; 2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 3: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 1015 Issue 1/2, p43; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Equations; Subject Term: Insulin; Subject Term: Silica; Subject Term: Proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrophobic surfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01286-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Dongmei
AU  - Kaczmarski, Krzysztof
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Comparison of the binary equilibrium isotherms of the 1-indanol enantiomers on three high-performance liquid chromatography columns of different sizes
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/10/10/
VL  - 1015
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The competitive isotherm data for the enantiomers of 1-indanol were measured on three columns, a microbore column (<F>15 cm×0.1</F> cm), a conventional analytical column (<F>15 cm×0.46</F> cm), and a semi-preparative column (<F>20 cm×1.0</F> cm), packed with Chiralcel OB. The sets of isotherm data measured on each one of these three columns could be fitted well by a bi-Langmuir isotherm model. The experimental elution band profiles of mixtures of the 1-indanol isomers were recorded on the three columns. The isotherm model, combined with the equilibrium dispersive model of chromatography, gave calculated profiles that are in excellent agreement with the experimental profiles in all cases investigated. It was found that the value of the inner diameter of the column is an important parameter in the calculation of the isotherm parameters from the measured isotherm data. In order to use isotherm data obtained on one column to account for the phase equilibrium on another one, the inner diameters of these columns must be measured accurately. The diameters of the three columns were all slightly off their nominal value. Without correction, an important systematic error was made on the isotherm data obtained with the microbore column while only negligible errors were made on the data obtained with the other two columns. After due correction for this effect, the relative difference between the isotherm data for the microbore and the semi-preparative column is still, on the average, about 10%, a difference that might be explained by the limited precision of the measurement of the microbore column diameter. The relative difference between the isotherm data for the analytical and the semi-preparative columns was about 1%, a reasonable value, since the two columns came from different batches of the same packing material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Analytical chemistry
KW  - Enantiomers
KW  - Optical isomers
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Cellulose tribenzoate
KW  - Enantiomer separation
KW  - Indanol
N1  - Accession Number: 10863346; Zhou, Dongmei 1,2; Kaczmarski, Krzysztof 3; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 3: Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 1015 Issue 1/2, p73; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Analytical chemistry; Subject Term: Enantiomers; Subject Term: Optical isomers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulose tribenzoate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enantiomer separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indanol; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01214-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonke, Jeroen E.
AU  - Furbish, David Jon
AU  - Salters, Vincent J.M.
T1  - Dispersion effects of laminar flow and spray chamber volume in capillary electrophoresis–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: a numerical and experimental approach
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/10/10/
VL  - 1015
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Band broadening related to laminar flow and spray chamber dead volume is a potential problem in flow injection (FI)–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We studied these two dispersion effects with a sheath flow capillary electrophoresis (CE)–ICP-MS interface. A numerical model was used to simulate advection diffusion processes in the CE-capillary and dispersion in the spray chamber. Experimental results of FI with this CE–ICP-MS interface agree well with numerical modeling results. Dispersion due to laminar flow depends strongly on capillary diameter and analyte diffusion coefficient and to a lesser extent on laminar velocity and capillary length and typically amounts to one order of magnitude peak width increase. Three spray chambers of 5, 20 and 150 ml dead volume showed an increase in band broadening and peak tailing with increasing dead volume. The use of standard Scott-type spray chambers (>90 ml volume) increases peak widths by 5–10 s regardless of injection time. The use of a low dead volume spray chamber is recommended for experiments where resolution is critical. The modeling approach can be extended to the coupling of other flow injection techniques, like micro-LC and nano-LC with ICP-MS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Numerical analysis
KW  - Laminar flow
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Capillary electrophoresis
KW  - Dispersion
KW  - Flow injection
KW  - Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
KW  - Numerical simulation
KW  - Spray chamber
N1  - Accession Number: 10863357; Sonke, Jeroen E. 1; Email Address: sonke@magnet.fsu.edu; Furbish, David Jon 2; Salters, Vincent J.M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Geochemistry Division, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Department of Geological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; 2: Department of Geological Sciences and Center for Earth Surface Processes Research, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 1015 Issue 1/2, p205; Thesaurus Term: Mass spectrometry; Thesaurus Term: Numerical analysis; Subject Term: Laminar flow; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Capillary electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spray chamber; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01210-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=10863357&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillips, Philip
AU  - Dalidovich, Denis
T1  - The Elusive Bose Metal.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/10/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5643
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 247
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The conventional theory of metals is in crisis. In the past 15 years, there has been an unexpected sprouting of metallic states in Low-dimensional systems, directly contradicting conventional wisdom. For example, bosons are thought to exist in one of two ground states: condensed in a superconductor or localized in an insulator. However, several experiments on thin metal-alloy films have observed that a metallic phase disrupts the direct transition between the superconductor and the insulator. We analyze the experiments on the insulator-superconductor transition and argue that the intervening metallic phase is bosonic. All relevant theoretical proposals for the Bose metal are discussed, particularly the recent idea that the metallic phase is glassy. The implications for the putative vortex-glass state in the copper oxide superconductors are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11166910; Phillips, Philip 1 Dalidovich, Denis 2; Affiliation:  1: Loomis Laboratory of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1100 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, USA.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.; Source Info: 10/10/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5643, p243; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4861
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joly, A.G.
AU  - Beck, K.M.
AU  - Henyk, M.
AU  - Hess, W.P.
AU  - Sushko, P.V.
AU  - Shluger, A.L.
T1  - Surface electronic spectra detected by atomic desorption
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/10/10/
VL  - 544
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - L683
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Using continuously tunable laser excitation of KI we measure the desorption yield of hyperthermal iodine atoms as a function of photon energy. Based on a theoretical model of desorption we demonstrate that these spectra display a signature of a surface exciton and constitute a new sensitive method of surface electronic spectroscopy detected by atomic desorption. Our results not only demonstrate that creation of surface excitons can be a much more general phenomenon than was previously thought, based on measurements made using established spectroscopic techniques, but extend the classes of material amenable to surface spectroscopic interrogation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - IODINE
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10864013; Joly, A.G. 1 Beck, K.M. 1 Henyk, M. 1 Hess, W.P. 1; Email Address: wayne.hess@pnl.gov Sushko, P.V. 2 Shluger, A.L. 2; Email Address: a.shluger@ucl.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 544 Issue 1, pL683; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: IODINE; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calvert, Jack G.
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
T1  - A modeling study of the mechanism of the halogen–ozone–mercury homogeneous reactions in the troposphere during the polar spring
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/10/11/
VL  - 37
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 4467
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Computer simulations are described for the homogeneous portion of the chemistry of the ozone and mercury depletion observed in the troposphere during the polar spring. Conditions chosen are similar to those of a clear day (17 March) at the location of Barrow, Alaska. Small amounts of reactive trace gases, representative of the Arctic spring, are present initially with typical background levels of Hg (0.24 ppt) and 50 ppb of O3. The simulations show that ozone and gaseous atomic mercury depletion are both strong functions of two important variables: (1) the concentrations of Br2 and BrCl present during the day; and (2) the concentrations of reactive trace gases such as CH2O present in the air mass. The simulated rate of Hg depletion and the expected product distribution are also functions of the size of the rate coefficient for the Hg+BrO reaction (<f>k17</f>). The relatively small extent of O3 and Hg depletion rates that result from Cl–ClO chemistry and the major effects that result from the Br–BrO chemistry are rationalized in terms of the significant differences in the reaction mechanisms for the two halogens. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - OZONE layer depletion
KW  - TROPOSPHERE
KW  - HALOGENS
KW  - Arctic Hg depletion in troposphere
KW  - Arctic O3 depletion in troposphere
KW  - Computer simulations BrO–Br–ClO–Cl–O3 chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 10799421; Calvert, Jack G.; Email Address: calvertj@ornl.gov Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Email Address: Lindbergse@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN 27831-6038, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 37 Issue 32, p4467; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: OZONE layer depletion; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERE; Subject Term: HALOGENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arctic Hg depletion in troposphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arctic O3 depletion in troposphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations BrO–Br–ClO–Cl–O3 chemistry; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wheatley, Peter J.
AU  - Mauche, Christopher W.
AU  - Mattei, Janet A.
T1  - The X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet flux evolution of SS Cygni throughout outburst.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/11/
VL  - 345
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present the most complete multiwavelength coverage of any dwarf nova outburst: simultaneous optical, Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer and Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of SS Cygni throughout a narrow asymmetric outburst. Our data show that the high-energy outburst begins in the X-ray waveband 0.9–1.4 d after the beginning of the optical rise and 0.6 d before the extreme-ultraviolet rise. The X-ray flux drops suddenly, immediately before the extreme-ultraviolet flux rise, supporting the view that both components arise in the boundary layer between the accretion disc and white dwarf surface. The early rise of the X-ray flux shows that the propagation time of the outburst heating wave may have been previously overestimated. The transitions between X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet dominated emission are accompanied by intense variability in the X-ray flux, with time-scales of minutes. As detailed by Mauche & Robinson, dwarf nova oscillations are detected throughout the extreme-ultraviolet outburst, but we find they are absent from the X-ray light curve. X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet luminosities imply accretion rates of in quiescence, when the boundary layer becomes optically thick, and at the peak of the outburst. The quiescent accretion rate is two and a half orders of magnitude higher than predicted by the standard disc instability model, and we suggest this may be because the inner accretion disc in SS Cyg is in a permanent outburst state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCRETION (Astrophysics)
KW  - BINARY stars
KW  - DWARF novae
KW  - CATACLYSMIC variable stars
KW  - DWARF stars
KW  - accretion
KW  - accretion discs
KW  - binaries: close
KW  - cataclysmic variables.
KW  - novae
KW  - stars: dwarf novae
KW  - stars: individual: SS Cygni
N1  - Accession Number: 11010912; Wheatley, Peter J. 1; Email Address: pjw@astro.le.ac.uk Mauche, Christopher W. 2 Mattei, Janet A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LEl 7RH.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; L-473, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  3: American Association of Variable Star Observers, 25 Birch Street, Cambridge, MA 02138-1205, USA.; Source Info: 10/11/2003, Vol. 345 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: ACCRETION (Astrophysics); Subject Term: BINARY stars; Subject Term: DWARF novae; Subject Term: CATACLYSMIC variable stars; Subject Term: DWARF stars; Author-Supplied Keyword: accretion; Author-Supplied Keyword: accretion discs; Author-Supplied Keyword: binaries: close; Author-Supplied Keyword: cataclysmic variables.; Author-Supplied Keyword: novae; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: dwarf novae; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: SS Cygni; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06936.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kozlova, J.P.
AU  - Bowles, T.J.
AU  - Eremin, V.K.
AU  - Gavrin, V.N.
AU  - Koshelev, O.G.
AU  - Markov, A.V.
AU  - Morozova, V.A.
AU  - Polyakov, A.J.
AU  - Verbitskaya, E.M.
AU  - Veretenkin, E.P.
T1  - A comparative study of EL2 and other deep centers in undoped SI GaAs using optical absorption spectra and photoconductivity measurements
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/10/11/
VL  - 512
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The performance of radiation detectors fabricated from semi-insulating (SI) GaAs is highly sensitive to EL2+-concentration in the material. Near-infrared optical absorption measurements are commonly used to determine the EL2-concentration and to roughly estimate the EL2+-concentration under the assumption that the optical absorption is mainly determined by the photoionization and the photoneutralization of EL20 and EL2+, respectively. However, the presence of different native defects can contribute to optical absorption and reduce the precision of determination of EL2-concentration. In this work, we evaluate the contributions into optical absorption from EL2 and other deep center namely EL3 defect (0.55 eV) using near-infrared optical absorption and photoconductivity (PC) measurements in the photon energy interval 0.5–1.4 eV for SI GaAs crystals grown by the liquid encapsulated Czochralski method from melts with As content changing from 50% to about 46%. The photoelectrical spectra were measured on p–i–n structure detectors with heavily doped p+ and n+ layers grown by Liquid Phase Epitaxy and on Schottky diodes. The short circuit photocurrent spectra were registered for all detectors in the energy interval 0.65–1.4 eV. Unexpectedly, the current sensitivities in the regions of the extrinsic and intrinsic absorption were comparable. A comparative study of optical absorption, PC and short circuit photocurrent spectra resulted in determination of EL2+-concentration. It was concluded that contribution of additional deep centers, particularly the ionized EL3+ defect could be comparable to the EL2-contribution. The EL3 centers were attributed to oxygen-related defects based on published results and on some indirect evidence in our experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - 72.80.Ey
KW  - Deep levels
KW  - Gallium arsenide
KW  - Optical absorption
KW  - Radiation detector
N1  - Accession Number: 11113487; Kozlova, J.P. 1; Email Address: jpkozlova@rbcmail.ru Bowles, T.J. 2 Eremin, V.K. 3 Gavrin, V.N. 1 Koshelev, O.G. 4 Markov, A.V. 5 Morozova, V.A. 4 Polyakov, A.J. 5 Verbitskaya, E.M. 3 Veretenkin, E.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 60th October Anniversary pr. 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  3: Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia  4: Moscow State University, Russia  5: Institute of Rare Metals, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 512 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 72.80.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep levels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium arsenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation detector; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01871-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Houdayer, A.
AU  - Lebel, C.
AU  - Leroy, C.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Verbitskaya, E.
T1  - Improved radiation hardness to low-energy protons for oxygenated Si detectors with thermal donors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/10/11/
VL  - 512
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Silicon detectors have been made on oxygenated silicon with the incorporation of thermal donors during the oxidation process based on BNL''s high-temperature long-time (thermal donor) (HTLT(TD)) technology. The initial doping concentration in HTLT(TD) silicon detectors is twice more than that of standard silicon detectors (same starting material, but no HTLT process), with TD being the dominant donor. Standard and HTLT(TD) silicon detectors have been irradiated by <f>10 MeV</f> protons up to <f>2.5×1014 p/cm2</f>. It has been found that the increase rate <f>(β)</f> of the space charge concentration <f>(Neff)</f> after space charge sign inversion (SCSI) in HTLT(TD) silicon detectors is about half of that in standard silicon detectors. Further improvement in proton radiation hardness has been observed in terms of the SCSI fluence. The SCSI fluence for HTLT(TD) silicon detectors is more than four times higher than that of standard detectors, although the corresponding ratio of initial space charge concentrations between the two groups of detectors is about two. This result implies that the SCSI is greatly delayed in HTLT(TD) silicon detector compared with silicon detectors with similar initial space charge (all phosphorus) concentration (lower resistivity standard silicon detectors). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - <f>10 MeV</f> Proton irradiation
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Radiation hardness
KW  - Silicon detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 11113497; Houdayer, A. 1 Lebel, C. 1; Email Address: lebel@lps.umontreal.ca Leroy, C. 1 Li, Z. 2 Verbitskaya, E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, H3C 3J7 Québec, Canada  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 512 Issue 1/2, p92; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>10 MeV</f> Proton irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01882-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castoldi, A.
AU  - Galimberti, A.
AU  - Guazzoni, C.
AU  - Rehak, P.
AU  - Strüder, L.
T1  - X-ray imaging and spectroscopy with Controlled-Drift Detectors: experimental results and perspectives
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/10/11/
VL  - 512
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 250
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Controlled-Drift Detector (CDD) is a fully depleted silicon detector that allows 2-D position sensing and energy spectroscopy of X-rays in the range 1–30 keV with excellent time resolution. Its distinctive feature is the simultaneous readout of the charge packets stored in the detector by means of a uniform electrostatic field leading to readout times of few μs/cm. The achieved room temperature energy resolution at the Mn Kα line is better than 300 eV FWHM at 60 kHz and improves at higher frame frequencies thanks to the short integration time. In this paper, we present the characterization of the imaging and timing properties of two CDD prototypes. Time resolved 2-D images in the microsecond range as well as X-ray radiographies will be presented. Details of the design of a new 6×6 mm2 prototype will be presented and the preliminary measurements will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - Controlled-Drift Detectors
KW  - Energy-resolved X-ray imaging
KW  - Time resolved X-ray imaging
KW  - X-ray radiography
N1  - Accession Number: 11113517; Castoldi, A. 1,2; Email Address: andrea.castoldi@polimi.it Galimberti, A. 2,3 Guazzoni, C. 2,3 Rehak, P. 4 Strüder, L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Dip. di Ingegneria Nucleare, Politecnico di Milano, CeSNEF, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy  2: INFN, Sez. di Milano, Italy  3: Dip. di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Instrumentation Division, Upton 11973, USA  5: Max Planck Institut Halbleiterlabor, Otto-Hahn-Ring 6, Munich D-81739, Germany; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 512 Issue 1/2, p250; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Controlled-Drift Detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-resolved X-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time resolved X-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray radiography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01901-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - De Geronimo, G.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - O'Connor, P.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Rehak, P.
AU  - Smith, G.C.
AU  - Wall, J.S.
AU  - Yu, B.
T1  - High resistivity silicon active pixel sensors for recording data from STEM
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/10/11/
VL  - 512
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 368
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An X-ray Active Matrix Pixel Sensor (XAMPS) for recording Data from the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) was designed, produced and tested. The reason for measuring scattering angle of all STEM electrons is given together with the requirement on the performance of the XAMPS. Principles of the measurement of the number of STEM electrons scattered in a particular direction are summarized. Results of tests performed on a produced detector are described and the problem with the formation of an insulation layer between silicon and aluminum is identified. A change in the design of the pixel is proposed which results in a fully functioning XAMPS even with the insulation layer present. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Direct conversion
KW  - Electron microscope
KW  - Pixel sensor
KW  - Silicon detector
N1  - Accession Number: 11113531; Chen, W. 1 De Geronimo, G. 1 Li, Z. 1 O'Connor, P. 1 Radeka, V. 1 Rehak, P.; Email Address: rehak2@bnl.gov Smith, G.C. 1 Wall, J.S. 1 Yu, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Instrumentation Division, Bldg. 535 B, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 512 Issue 1/2, p368; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detector; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01915-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, J. K.
AU  - Höchbauer, T.
AU  - Averitt, R. D.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Role of boron for defect evolution in hydrogen-implanted silicon.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 83
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3042
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The mechanism underlying the exfoliation phenomenon in B+H coimplanted Si is presented. Compared with only H implantation, H-implanted Si samples that received a B preimplant were observed to have a decrease in implantation-induced lattice damage, in spite of enhanced blistering behavior, which was more pronounced for nonactivated B. Infrared spectroscopy showed that the concentration of Si–H multivacancy defects was also decreased in the B+H coimplanted Si relative to H-only-implanted Si. These decreases in the damage and H-defect density suggest that the lower damage in the B+H coimplanted Si results from a reduction in H-trap density, which in turn enhances H diffusion and the kinetics of blistering. This reduction in lattice damage and H–Si-defect complexes is attributed to the formation of a kinetically active B–Si interstitial complex that is prevalent in nonactivated B-implanted Si. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - SILICON
KW  - BORON
N1  - Accession Number: 11028798; Lee, J. K. 1; Email Address: jklee@lanl.gov Höchbauer, T. 1 Averitt, R. D. 1 Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 10/13/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 15, p3042; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: BORON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1616979
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11028798&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amitay-Sadovsky, F.
AU  - Komvopoulos, K.
AU  - Ward, R.
AU  - Somorjai, G. A.
T1  - Effects of copolymer segment length and reversible deformation on the molecular surface structure of polyurethane.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 83
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3066
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The surface molecular structure and the deformation mechanisms of two polyurethane (PUR) short-segmented copolymers were studied by sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. These PURs differ only in the length of their hard segment. Surface deformation was induced by cyclically stretching the PUR films to a macroscopic elastic elongation. Results for both PUR compositions indicate that the upward orientation of the methylene groups increases with elongation and decreases upon relaxation. The surface of the stretched PUR films with shorter hard segments exhibited irreversible deformation at the molecular level. This produced a surface composition similar to that of PUR with longer hard segments that deformed only elastically after three stretching cycles. This behavior indicates that the surface structure of PUR copolymers can be controlled by mechanical manipulation or by modification of the copolymer segment length. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLYURETHANES
KW  - COPOLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11028790; Amitay-Sadovsky, F. 1,2,3 Komvopoulos, K. 1; Email Address: kyriakos@newton.berkeley.edu Ward, R. 4 Somorjai, G. A. 2,3; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley California 94720.  3: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  4: Polymer Technology Group, Inc., Berkeley California 94710.; Source Info: 10/13/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 15, p3066; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLYURETHANES; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1610249
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11028790&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Gupta, A.
AU  - Tiwari, Ashutosh
AU  - Narayan, J.
T1  - Growth and characteristics of TaN/TiN superlattice structures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 83
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3072
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Epitaxial B1 NaCl-structured TaN(3 nm)/TiN(2 nm) superlattice structures were grown on Si(100) substrates with a TiN buffer layer, using pulsed-laser deposition. A special target assembly was used to manipulate the thickness of each layer. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy (Z contrast) studies confirmed the single-crystalline nature of the superlattice with a uniform layer structure. Nanoindentation results suggest the high hardness of these superlattice structures. Four-point-probe resistivity measurements show low resistivity of the heterostructures and a Cu diffusion characteristic study proved this superlattice system can be a promising diffusion barrier and can withstand 700 °C annealing for 30 min. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 11028788; Wang, H. 1; Email Address: wangh@lanl.gov Zhang, X. 1 Gupta, A. 2 Tiwari, Ashutosh 2 Narayan, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7916.; Source Info: 10/13/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 15, p3072; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1616656
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11028788&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stemmer, Susanne
AU  - Youli Li
AU  - Foran, Brendan
AU  - Lysaght, Patrick S.
AU  - Streiffer, Stephen K.
AU  - Fuoss, Paul
AU  - Seifert, Soenke
T1  - Grazing-incidence small angle x-ray scattering studies of phase separation in hafnium silicate films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 83
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3141
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to investigate phase separation in hafnium silicate films after rapid thermal annealing between 700 and 1000 °C. 4-nm-thick Hf–silicate films with 80 and 40 mol % HfO[sub 2], respectively, were prepared by metalorganic vapor deposition. Films of the two compositions showed distinctly different phase-separated microstructures, consistent with two limiting cases of microstructural evolution: nucleation/growth and spinodal decomposition. Films with 40 mol % HfO[sub 2] phase separated in the amorphous by spinodal decomposition and exhibited a characteristic wavelength in the plane of the film. Decomposition with a wavelength of ∼3 nm could be detected at 800 °C. At 1000 °C the films rapidly demixed with a wavelength of 5 nm. In contrast, films with 80 mol % HfO[sub 2] phase separated by nucleation and growth of crystallites, and showed a more random microstructure. The factors determining specific film morphologies and phase separation kinetics are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - GRAZING incidence
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 11028765; Stemmer, Susanne 1; Email Address: stemmer@mrl.ucsb.edu Youli Li 1 Foran, Brendan 2 Lysaght, Patrick S. 2 Streiffer, Stephen K. 3 Fuoss, Paul 3 Seifert, Soenke 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050.  2: International Sematech, 2706 Montopolis Drive, Austin, Texas 78741-6499.  3: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4838.; Source Info: 10/13/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 15, p3141; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: GRAZING incidence; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1617369
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11028765&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, J.
AU  - Ward, S.
AU  - Wang, O.
T1  - Field-induced electric switching in sol–gel-derived SiO[sub 2] films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 83
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3153
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The switching dynamics of sol–gel-derived SiO[sub 2] films is investigated using voltage pulses over durations from 300 ns to 1 s and amplitudes from 1 to 20 V. The SiO[sub 2] film was fabricated using a spin-coating technique and annealed at 100 °C. The shortest switching transit time is found to be on the order of 10 ns. A delay time ranging from 100 ns to 500 ms is usually observed prior to switching, which changes exponentially with the electric field at switching, and also depends strongly on the area of the device. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 11028761; Hu, J. 1; Email Address: jian_hu@nrel.gov Ward, S. 1 Wang, O. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393.; Source Info: 10/13/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 15, p3153; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618950
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11028761&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, Zheng Wei
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Beach, David B.
AU  - Lowndes, Douglas H.
T1  - Liquid gallium ball/crystalline silicon polyhedrons/aligned silicon oxide nanowires sandwich structure: An interesting nanowire growth route.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 83
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3159
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate the growth of silicon oxide nanowires through a sandwich-like configuration, i.e., Ga ball/Si polyhedrons/silicon oxide nanowires, by using Ga as the catalyst and SiO powder as the source material. The sandwich-like structures have a carrot-like morphology, consisting of three materials with different morphologies, states, and crystallographic structures. The “carrot” top is a liquid Ga ball with diameter of ∼10–30 μm; the middle part is a Si ring usually composed of about 10 μm-sized, clearly faceted, and crystalline Si polyhedrons that are arranged sequentially in a band around the lower hemisphere surface of the Ga ball; the bottom part is a carrot-shaped bunch of highly aligned silicon oxide nanowires that grow out from the downward facing facets of the Si polyhedrons. This study reveals several interesting nanowire growth phenomena that enrich the conventional vapor-liquid-solid nanowire growth mechanism. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11028759; Pan, Zheng Wei 1 Dai, Sheng 1; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov Beach, David B. 1 Lowndes, Douglas H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 10/13/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 15, p3159; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1617378
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11028759&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Zhongwu
AU  - Zhao, Yusheng
AU  - Schiferl, David
AU  - Zha, C. S.
AU  - Downs, Robert T.
AU  - Sekine, T.
T1  - Critical pressure for weakening of size-induced stiffness in spinel-structure Si[sub 3]N[sub 4] nanocrystals.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 83
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3174
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate that the compressibility of spinel Si[sub 3]N[sub 4] nanocrystals increases when the pressure is raised above ∼40 GPa. Si[sub 3]N[sub 4] nanocrystals initially exhibit an extremely high bulk modulus of 685(45) GPa. But, above 40 GPa, the bulk modulus is reduced to 415(10) GPa. Thus, a critical pressure of ∼40 GPa was determined that signifies the onset of size-induced weakening of elastic stiffness in nanocrystalline Si[sub 3]N[sub 4]. Enhanced surface energy contributions to the shell layers of nanoparticles and the resulting effect on the corresponding large d-spacing planes are used to explain the observed phenomenon. Upon decompression, the bulk modulus of the Si[sub 3]N[sub 4] spinel remained at its lower value of 415 GPa. This study provides a reasonable explanation for the different compressibility properties of numerous nanocrystals. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11028754; Wang, Zhongwu 1; Email Address: z_wang@lanl.gov Zhao, Yusheng 1 Schiferl, David 1 Zha, C. S. 2 Downs, Robert T. 3 Sekine, T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544.  2: Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853.  3: Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721.  4: National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1, Namki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.; Source Info: 10/13/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 15, p3174; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618365
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11028754&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vega-Arroyo, Manuel
AU  - LeBreton, Pierre R.
AU  - Rajh, Tijana
AU  - Zapol, Peter
AU  - Curtiss, Larry A.
T1  - Theoretical study of the ionization potential of thymine: effect of adding conjugated functional groups
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The ionization potential of thymine functionalized at the C5 position with the truncated linker groups, –CH&z.dbnd6;CHCO2CH3 and –CH&z.dbnd6;CHCONHCH3, was examined using density functional theory. Results indicate that the addition of the carboxyl group to thymine lowers the adiabatic ionization potential by 0.4 eV. Further, modification of the carboxyl group by an amino group lowers the ionization potential by another 0.2 eV. The effect of solvation and base pairing with adenine on the modified thymine ionization energies was also investigated. The results provide evidence that linker groups can dampen the influence of adenine base pairing on thymine charge transfer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - THYMINE
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 11001456; Vega-Arroyo, Manuel 1,2 LeBreton, Pierre R. 1 Rajh, Tijana 2 Zapol, Peter 2,3; Email Address: zapol@anl.gov Curtiss, Larry A. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7061, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 380 Issue 1/2, p54; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: THYMINE; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.08.072
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11001456&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reuben, Bryan G.
AU  - Ritov, Ya’acov
AU  - Geller, Orit
AU  - McFarland, Melinda A.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Lifshitz, Chava
T1  - Applying a new algorithm for obtaining site specific rate constants for H/D exchange of the gas phase proton-bound arginine dimer
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/13/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A new algorithm has been developed for extracting site-specific rate constants for hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange in gas phase protonated amino acids, their clusters and peptides. The algorithm minimizes the mutual entropy or the Kullback–Leibler information divergence between the observed concentrations and the model. Electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) results from fast flow tube and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) experiments, respectively, were modeled. The results for protonated glycine were in excellent agreement with previous literature data. Four rate constants were found, three of them identical corresponding to the three equivalent hydrogen atoms of the protonated amine group and a fourth higher one corresponding to the single carboxyl hydrogen. New results for the proton-bound dimer of arginine demonstrated a single high site-specific rate constant and fourteen low ones. These results are in agreement with the ion–zwitterion structure of (arginine)2H+ that has a single carboxyl hydrogen atom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PROTON transfer reactions
KW  - PEPTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 11001461; Reuben, Bryan G. 1 Ritov, Ya’acov 2 Geller, Orit 3 McFarland, Melinda A. 4 Marshall, Alan G. 4 Lifshitz, Chava 3; Email Address: chavalu@vms.huiji.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: School of Applied Science, South Bank University, London, UK  2: Department of Statistics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel  3: Department of Physical Chemistry and The Farkas Center for Light Induced Processes, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel  4: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 380 Issue 1/2, p88; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: PROTON transfer reactions; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.08.102
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11001461&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sigurdson, Alice J
AU  - Jones, Irene M
T1  - Second cancers after radiotherapy: any evidence for radiation-induced genomic instability?
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2003/10/13/10/13/2003 Review
VL  - 22
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 7018
EP  - 7027
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 09509232
AB  - Do second primary cancers in humans arise from radiation-induced somatic genomic instability after radiotherapy for the first malignancy? The amount of truly pertinent human information on this issue is sparse, leading to the conclusion that we cannot confirm or refute that instability induction by radiation is involved. However, the in vitro findings of radiation-induced genomic instability through bystander effects or increased mutation rates in cell progeny of apparently normal but irradiated cells are provocative and their transferability to human in vivo biology deserves further investigation. We describe possible animal and human studies to stimulate ideas, but the collaborative commitment of multiple large institutions to tumor tissue procurement and retrieval will be essential. In addition, detecting the temporal progression of genomic instability and identifying the salient genetic events as being radiation-induced will be pivotal. Execution of some of the studies suggested is not possible now, but applying next-generation methods could bring the concepts to fruition. As nearly one in 10 cancer diagnoses are second (or higher) malignancies, it is important to understand the contribution of radiotherapy to second cancer induction and pursue well-coordinated efforts to determine the role of induced genomic instability.Oncogene (2003) 22, 7018-7027. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206989 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oncogene is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER
KW  - RADIOTHERAPY
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - CELLS
N1  - Accession Number: 11055347; Sigurdson, Alice J 1 Jones, Irene M 2; Affiliation:  1: 1Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, 6120 Executive Boulevard, EPS 7092, MSC 7238, Bethesda, MD 20892-7238, USA  2: 2Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-441, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; Source Info: 10/13/2003 Review, Vol. 22 Issue 45, p7018; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: RADIOTHERAPY; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: CELLS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.onc.1206989
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tan, Siyuan
AU  - Guschin, Dmitry
AU  - Davalos, Albert
AU  - Ya-Li Lee, Albert
AU  - Snowden, Andrew W.
AU  - Jouvenot, Yann
AU  - Zhang, H. Steven
AU  - Howes, Katherine
AU  - McNamara, Andrew R.
AU  - Lai, Albert
AU  - Ullman, Chris
AU  - Reynolds, Lindsey
AU  - Moore, Michael
AU  - Isalan, Mark
AU  - Berg, Lutz-Peter
AU  - Campos, Bradley
AU  - Hong Qi
AU  - Spratt, S. Kaye
AU  - Case, Casey C.
T1  - Zinc-finger protein-targeted gene regulation: Genomewide single-gene specificity.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/10/14/
VL  - 100
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 11997
EP  - 12002
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Zinc-finger protein transcription factors (ZFP TFs) can be designed to control the expression of any desired target gene, and thus provide potential therapeutic tools for the study and treatment of disease. Here we report that a ZFP TF can repress target gene expression with single-gene specificity within the human genome. A ZFP TF repressor that binds an 18-bp recognition sequence within the promoter of the endogenous CHK2 gene gives a >10-fold reduction in CHK2 mRNA and protein. This level of repression was sufficient to generate a functional phenotype, as demonstrated by the loss of DNA damage-induced CHK2-dependent p53 phosphorylation. We determined the specificity of repression by using DNA microarrays and found that the ZFP TF repressed a single gene (CHK2) within the monitored genome in two different cell types. These data demonstrate the utility of ZFP TFs as precise tools for target validation, and highlight their potential as clinical therapeutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC-finger proteins
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - GENES
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11418858; Tan, Siyuan 1 Guschin, Dmitry 1 Davalos, Albert 2 Ya-Li Lee, Albert 1 Snowden, Andrew W. 1 Jouvenot, Yann 1 Zhang, H. Steven 1 Howes, Katherine 1 McNamara, Andrew R. 1 Lai, Albert 1 Ullman, Chris 1 Reynolds, Lindsey 1 Moore, Michael 1 Isalan, Mark 1 Berg, Lutz-Peter 1 Campos, Bradley 1 Hong Qi 1 Spratt, S. Kaye 1 Case, Casey C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sangamo BioSciences, Inc., Point richmond Tech Center II, 501 Canal Boulevard, Richmond, CA 94804.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 84-171, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 10/14/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 21, p11997; Subject Term: ZINC-finger proteins; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.2035056100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mezzacappa, Anthony
T1  - The Road to Prediction: Toward Gravitational Wave Signatures from Core Collapse Supernovae.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 686
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Gravitational waves from a core collapse supernova will result from a number of phenomena that may occur during the explosion. An exciting prospect stems from the fact that waves from these different phenomena will occur at different amplitudes and frequencies, providing, with a successful detection and analysis, evidence of them and the opportunity to perform a detailed comparison of model predictions and gravitational wave observations. The latter would serve both to help us understand supernova phenomenology and to develop realistic three-dimensional supernova models. We present a brief “state of supernova theory” and discuss the outstanding research issues that must be addressed to both ascertain the core collapse supernova mechanism and predict core collapse supernova gravitational wave signatures. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAVITY waves
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - GRAVITATIONAL collapse
KW  - GALAXIES
N1  - Accession Number: 11210086; Mezzacappa, Anthony 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6354.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 686 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: GRAVITY waves; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: GRAVITATIONAL collapse; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1629412
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fryer, C. L.
T1  - Supernova Science with Gravitational Waves.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 686
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 40
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this paper, we move beyond the search for sources for gravitational waves and instead study gravitational wave detectors as an astronomical tool to study supernovae. With current and proposed gravitational wave detectors, core-collapse supernovae will likely only be detectable in the Galaxy. If such a Galactic supernova occurs, gravitational waves will provide a unique window into the rotation rate of stellar cores. Combined with neutrino emission, gravitational waves will also probe other collapse asymmetries and the hot equation of state for nuclear matter. All these prospects are discussed using intuition based on the latest set of 3-dimensional core-collapse simulations. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAVITY waves
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - GALAXIES
N1  - Accession Number: 11210085; Fryer, C. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: T-6, MS  B227, Los Alamos National  Laboratory, Los  Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 686 Issue 1, p40; Subject Term: GRAVITY waves; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1629413
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - New, Kimberly C. B.
T1  - Conference Summary: Ground-Based Detectors.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 686
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This summary provides an overview of talks presented at this workshop that are relevant to ground-based gravitational wave detectors (which are typically sensitive to gravitational wave frequencies in the range 1 – 104 Hz). The subjects of detection/data anaylsis and sources for ground-based detectors will be discussed in turn. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAVITY waves
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - GRAVITY
KW  - DATA analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11210047; New, Kimberly C. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: X-2, MS  T087, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los  Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 686 Issue 1, p319; Subject Term: GRAVITY waves; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: GRAVITY; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1629451
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McBride, Mary T.
AU  - Masqueleir, Don
AU  - Hindson, Benjamin J.
AU  - Makarewicz, Anthony J.
AU  - Brown, Steven
AU  - Burris, Keith
AU  - Metz, Thomas
AU  - Langlois, Richard G.
AU  - Tsang, Kar Wing
AU  - Bryan, Ruth
AU  - Anderson, Doug A.
AU  - Venkateswaran, Kodumudi S.
AU  - Milanovich, Fred P.
AU  - Bill W.Colston Jr., Fred P.
T1  - Autonomous Detection of Aerosolized Bacillus anthracis and Yersinia pestis.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 5293
EP  - 5299
SN  - 00032700
AB  - We have developed and tested a fully autonomous pathogen detection system (APDS) capable of continuously monitoring the environment for airborne biological threat agents. The system is designed to provide early warning to civilians in the event of a terrorist attack. The final APDS will be completely automated, offering aerosol sampling, in-line sample preparation fluidics, multiplexed detection and identification immunoassays, and orthogonal, multiplexed PCR (nucleic acid) amplification and detection. The system performance (current capabilities include aerosol collection, multiplexed immunoassays, sample archiving, data reporting, and alarming) was evaluated in a field test conducted in a Biosafety Level 3 facility, where the system was challenged with, and detected, a series of aerosolized releases containing two live, virulent biological threat agents (Bacillus anthracis and Yersinia pestis). Results presented here represent the first autonomous, simultaneous measurement of these agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROORGANISMS -- Detection
KW  - BACILLUS anthracis
KW  - YERSINIA pestis
KW  - MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication)
N1  - Accession Number: 11421783; McBride, Mary T. 1 Masqueleir, Don 1 Hindson, Benjamin J. 1 Makarewicz, Anthony J. 1 Brown, Steven 1 Burris, Keith 1 Metz, Thomas 1 Langlois, Richard G. 1 Tsang, Kar Wing 2 Bryan, Ruth 2 Anderson, Doug A. 2 Venkateswaran, Kodumudi S. 1 Milanovich, Fred P. 1 Bill W.Colston Jr., Fred P. 1; Email Address: colston1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550  2: West Desert Test Center, United States Army Dugway Proving Grounds, Dugway, Utah 8402; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 20, p5293; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS -- Detection; Subject Term: BACILLUS anthracis; Subject Term: YERSINIA pestis; Subject Term: MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac034722v
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, Dominic S.
AU  - Rohr, Thomas
AU  - Svec, Frantisek
AU  - Fréchet, Jean M. J.
T1  - Dual-Function Microanalytical Device by In Situ Photolithographic Grafting of Porous Polymer Monolith: Integrating Solid-Phase Extraction and Enzymatic Digestion for Peptide Mass Mapping.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 5328
EP  - 5335
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Microfluidic devices with a dual function containing both a solid-phase extractor and an enzymatic microreactor have been prepared, and their operation has been demonstrated. The devices were fabricated from a 25-mmlong porous poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolith prepared within a 50-μm-i.d. capillary. This capillary with a pulled 9-12-μm needle tip was used as a nanoelectrospray emitter coupling the device to a mass spectrometer. Photografting with irradiation through a mask was then used to selectively functionalize a 20mm-long portion of the monolith, introducing reactive poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) chains to enable the subsequent attachment of trypsin, thereby creating an enzymatic microreactor with high proteolytic activity. The other 5 mm of unmodified hydrophobic monolith served as micro solid-phase extractor (μSPE). The dual-function devices were used in two different flow directions; concentration of myoglobin that was absorbed from its dilute solution, followed by elution and digestion or digestion, followed by concentration. Operations in both directions afforded equal sequence coverage. Different volumes of myoglobin solution ranging from 2 to 20 μL were loaded on the device. Very high sequence coverages of almost 80% were achieved for the highest loading. Despite the very short length of the extractor unit, the device operated in the digest-solid-phase extraction direction also enabled the separation of peaks that mostly contained undigested protein and peptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROREACTORS
KW  - PHOTOMECHANICAL processes
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - PEPTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 11421787; Peterson, Dominic S. 1 Rohr, Thomas 1 Svec, Frantisek 1,2 Fréchet, Jean M. J. 1,2; Email Address: frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-8139  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 20, p5328; Subject Term: MICROREACTORS; Subject Term: PHOTOMECHANICAL processes; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac034108j
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei-Jun Qian
AU  - Goshe, Michael B.
AU  - Camp II, David G.
AU  - Li-Rong Yu, David G.
AU  - Keqi Tang
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Phosphoprotein Isotope-Coded Solid-Phase Tag Approach for Enrichment and Quantitative Analysis of Phosphopeptides from Complex Mixtures.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 5441
EP  - 5450
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Many cellular processes are regulated by reversible protein phosphorylation, and the ability to broadly identify and quantify phosphoproteins from proteomes would provide a basis for gaining a better understanding of these dynamic cellular processes. However, such a sensitive, efficient, and global method capable of addressing the phosphoproteome has yet to be developed. Here we describe an improved stable-isotope labeling method using a phosphoprotein isotope-coded solid-phase tag (PhIST) for isolating and measuring the relative abundances of phosphorylated peptides from complex peptide mixtures resulting from the enzymatic digestion of extracted proteins. The PhIST approach is an extension of the previously reported phosphoprotein isotope-coded affinity tag (PhIAT) approach developed by our laboratory,[SUP1,2] where phosphoseryl and phosphothreonyl residues were derivatized by hydroxide ion-mediated β-elimination followed by the Michael addition of 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT). Instead of using the biotin affinity tag, peptides containing the EDT moiety were captured and labeled in one step using isotope-coded solid-phase reagents containing either light (12C6, 14N) or heavy (13C6, [SUP15]N) stable isotopes. The captured peptides labeled with the isotope-coded tags were released from the solid-phase support by UV photocleavage and analyzed by capillary liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The efficiency and sensitivity of the PhIST labeling approach for identification of phosphopeptides from mixtures were determined using casein proteins. Its utility for proteomic applications was demonstrated by the labeling of soluble phosphoproteins from a human breast cancer cell line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - PHOSPHOPROTEINS
KW  - QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - PROTEOMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11421802; Wei-Jun Qian 1 Goshe, Michael B. 2 Camp II, David G. 1 Li-Rong Yu, David G. 1,3 Keqi Tang 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K8-98, Richland, Washington 99352  2: Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, 128 Polk Hall, Campus Box 7622, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7622  3: SAIC-Frederick Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Mass Spectrometry Center, P.O. Box B. Frederick, MD 21702; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 20, p5441; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: PHOSPHOPROTEINS; Subject Term: QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0342774
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steele, Paul T.
AU  - Tobias, Herbert J.
AU  - Fergenson, David P.
AU  - Pitesky, Maurice E.
AU  - Horn, Joanne M.
AU  - Czerwieniec, Gregg A.
AU  - Russell, Scott C.
AU  - Lebrilla, Carlito B.
AU  - Gard, Eric E.
AU  - Frank, Matthias
T1  - Laser Power Dependence of Mass Spectral Signatures from Individual Bacterial Spores in Bioaerosol MassSpectrometry.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 5480
EP  - 5487
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Bioaerosol mass spectrometry is being developed to analyze and identify biological aerosols in real time. Characteristic mass spectra from individual bacterial endospores of Bacillus subtilis var. niger were obtained in a bipolar aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer using a pulsed 266-nm laser for molecular desorption and ionization. Spectra from single spores collected at an average fluence of ∼0.1 J/cm[SUP2] frequently contain prominent peaks attributed to arginine, dipicolinic acid, and glutamic acid, but the shot-to-shot (spore-to-spore) variability in the data may make it difficult to consistently distinguish closely related Bacillus species with an automated routine. Fortunately, a study of the laser power dependence of the mass spectra reveals clear trends and a finite number of "spectral types" that span most of the variability. This, we will show, indicates that a significant fraction of the variability must be attributed to fluence variations in the profile of the laser beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - BACTERIAL spores
KW  - BACILLUS subtilis
N1  - Accession Number: 11421807; Steele, Paul T. 1,2 Tobias, Herbert J. 1 Fergenson, David P. 1 Pitesky, Maurice E. 1 Horn, Joanne M. 1 Czerwieniec, Gregg A. 1,3 Russell, Scott C. 1,3 Lebrilla, Carlito B. 3 Gard, Eric E. 1 Frank, Matthias 1; Email Address: frankl@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-174, Livermore, California 94550  2: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 20, p5480; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: BACTERIAL spores; Subject Term: BACILLUS subtilis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac034419u
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilcox, B. P.
AU  - Chrysostom, E. T. H.
AU  - Mcilroy, A.
AU  - Daily, J. W.
AU  - Kennedy, I. M.
T1  - Measurement of CrO in flames by cavity ringdown spectroscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
JF  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
EP  - 540
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09462171
AB  - CrO is an important intermediate in the high temperature oxidation chemistry of chromium containing species. This work reports the first detection of CrO in a flame. The B[sup5]Π ­ X[sup5]Π electronic transition was probed by cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) in a lean (φ = 0.38), low-pressure, flat, laminar hydrogen-oxygen-argon flame seeded with Cr(CO)[sub6]. The previous B[sup5]Π ­ X[sup5]Π CrO spectrum of Hocking et al. (605.0 nm-606.5 nm) is extended from the band head located at 605.6 nm to 614.4 nm. The temperature profiles of the doped and undoped flames were obtained from measurements of OH laser- induced fluorescence. Seeding the flame with Cr(CO)[sub6] increased the flame temperature by approximately 150 K. The concentration profile of CrO was measured as a function of height above the burner. CrO absorption signals were converted to concentration using the measured temperature profile and absorption cross-section calculated from lifetimes by Hedgecock et al. A lower limit peak CrO concentration of 1.6 ppb was found in the flame. Some uncertainty in the cross-section remains. Comparisons to calculations using STANJAN indicate that CrO is present in flames at super equilibrium concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - METALS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11634883; Wilcox, B. P. 1 Chrysostom, E. T. H. 2 Mcilroy, A. 2; Email Address: amcilr@sandia.gov Daily, J. W. 3 Kennedy, I. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9051, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0427, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 77 Issue 5, p535; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OXIDATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
T1  - Electronic and chemical properties of mixed-metal oxides: basic principles for the design of DeNOx and DeSOx catalysts
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Correlations between the electronic and chemical properties of perovskites, molybdates, and metal-doped MgO or CeO2 are examined. Simple models based on band-orbital mixing can explain trends found for the interaction of these catalytic materials with adsorbates: the less stable the occupied levels of a mixed-metal oxide, the higher its chemical reactivity. <F>Metal↔oxygen↔metal</F> interactions are common in mixed-metal oxides and can lead to substantial changes in the electronic and chemical properties of the cations. This is particularly true in the case of ABO3 perovskites (<F>A=Pb</F>, Ca, Sr, Li, K, Na; <F>B=Ti</F>, Zr, Nb), and it is an important phenomenon that has to be considered when mixing AO and BO2 oxides for catalytic applications. In systems like Ce1−xZrxO2 and Ce1−xCaxO2, the structural stress induced by the dopant (Zr or Ca) leads to perturbations in the electronic properties of the Ce cations. The trends in the behavior of metal-doped MgO illustrate a basic principle in the design of mixed-metal oxide catalysts for DeNOx and DeSOx operations. The general idea is to find metal dopants that upon hybridization within an oxide matrix remain in a relatively low oxidation state and at the same time induce occupied electronic states located well above the valence band of the host oxide. Electronic effects should not be neglected a priori when explaining the behavior or dealing with the design of mixed-metal oxide catalysts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - MOLYBDATES
KW  - DeNOx and DeSOx
KW  - Electronic effects
KW  - Mixed-metal oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 11000480; Rodriguez, José A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 85 Issue 2-4, p177; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: MOLYBDATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: DeNOx and DeSOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed-metal oxides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00385-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, Michael A.
AU  - Szanyi, Janos
AU  - Peden, Charles H.F.
T1  - Conversion of N2O to N2 on TiO2(1 1 0)
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 09205861
AB  - In this study, we examine the interaction of N2O with TiO2(1 1 0) in an effort to better understand the conversion of NOx species to N2 over TiO2-based catalysts. The TiO2(1 1 0) surface was chosen as a model system because this material is commonly used as a support and because oxygen vacancies on this surface are perhaps the best available models for the role of electronic defects in catalysis. Annealing TiO2(1 1 0) in vacuum at high temperature (above about 800 K) generates oxygen vacancy sites that are associated with reduced surface cations (Ti3+ sites) and that are easily quantified using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of water. Using TPD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), we found that the majority of N2O molecules adsorbed at 90 K on TiO2(1 1 0) are weakly held and desorb from the surface at 130 K. However, a small fraction of the N2O molecules exposed to TiO2(1 1 0) at 90 K decompose to N2 via one of two channels, both of which are vacancy-mediated. One channel occurs at 90 K, and results in N2 ejection from the surface and vacancy oxidation. We propose that this channel involves N2O molecules bound at vacancies with the O-end of the molecule in the vacancy. The second channel results from an adsorbed state of N2O that decomposes at 170 K to liberate N2 in the gas phase and deposit oxygen adatoms at non-defect Ti4+ sites. The presence of these O adatoms is clearly evident in subsequent water TPD measurements. We propose that this channel involves N2O molecules that are bound at vacancies with the N-end of the molecule in the vacancy, which permits the O-end of the molecule to interact with an adjacent Ti4+ site. The partitioning between these two channels is roughly 1:1 for adsorption at 90 K, but neither is observed to occur for moderate N2O exposures at temperatures above 200 K. EELS data indicate that vacancies readily transfer charge to N2O at 90 K, and this charge transfer facilitates N2O decomposition. Based on these results, it appears that the decomposition of N2O to N2 requires trapping of the molecule at vacancies and that the lifetime of the N2O–vacancy interaction may be key to the conversion of N2O to N2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - Electron energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - N2
KW  - N2O
KW  - Temperature programmed desorption
KW  - TiO2(1 1 0)
KW  - Vacancy oxidation
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11000487; Henderson, Michael A.; Email Address: ma.henderson@pnl.gov Szanyi, Janos 1 Peden, Charles H.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 85 Issue 2-4, p251; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: CATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron energy loss spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: N2; Author-Supplied Keyword: N2O; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature programmed desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: TiO2(1 1 0); Author-Supplied Keyword: Vacancy oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00392-4
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
AU  - Malone, Boyd
AU  - Storey, John M.E.
T1  - Monitoring cellular responses of engine-emitted particles by using a direct air–cell interface deposition technique
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 53
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
SN  - 00456535
AB  - The impacts of ultrafine airborne particles generated by diesel or gasoline engines on human lung cells have been investigated using a new in vitro cellular exposure technique. This technique enables direct deposition of the gasoline engine exhaust particles (GEP) and diesel engine exhaust particles (DEP) on human lung cells located at the air–cell interface on a transwell membrane in an exposure apparatus. The cellular responses to particle exposure were measured by the levels of IL-8 chemokines produced as a function of exposure time. The findings suggest that GEP and high-sulfur DEP induced the production of similar levels of IL-8 by unprimed A549 cells. The level of IL-8 produced by unprimed A549 cells in response to low-sulfur DEP was found lower than that produced in response to high-sulfur DEP and GEP. When cells were primed, simulating predisposed conditions, significant levels of IL-8 were produced. GEP triggered a much higher level of IL-8 production than DEP did. Furthermore, the time profile of IL-8 production induced by GEP was markedly different from that induced by DEP. The findings indicate that GEP could induce the production of higher levels of chemokines (i.e., IL-8) than DEP did, implying that exposure to GEP could be a greater health risk than exposure to DEP. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLS
KW  - SPARK ignition engines
KW  - CHEMOKINES
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - PETROLEUM products
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Aerosol deposition
KW  - Air–cell interface
KW  - Cytokines
KW  - Human lung cells
KW  - Internal combustion engines
N1  - Accession Number: 10575408; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov Malone, Boyd 1 Storey, John M.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA  2: Engineering Technology and Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 53 Issue 3, p237; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: SPARK ignition engines; Subject Term: CHEMOKINES; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: GASOLINE; Subject Term: PETROLEUM products; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air–cell interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytokines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human lung cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal combustion engines; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333618 Other Engine Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486910 Pipeline Transportation of Refined Petroleum Products; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00555-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jin, Minghui
AU  - Ford, Roseanne M.
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
T1  - A numerical method for solving a scalar advection-dominated transport equation with concentration-dependent sources
JO  - Computers & Chemical Engineering
JF  - Computers & Chemical Engineering
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 27
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1405
SN  - 00981354
AB  - A numerical scheme, upstream biased Eulerian algorithm for transport equations with sources (UpBEATES), is developed for solving a scalar advective-dominated transport equation with concentration-independent and -dependent source terms. A control-volume method is used for spatial discretization. Time integration is invoked to yield a discrete system of integrated-flux-integrated-source form equations. The Bott''s upstream-biased Eulerian advection scheme [Moneatry and Weakly Review 117 (1989a) 1006; Moneatry and Weakly Review 117 (1989b) 2633] is employed for approximating advective fluxes. A two-level time weighting scheme is employed for the dispersive fluxes. An upstream-biased Eulerian algorithm is proposed for the concentration-dependent source term. Flux and source limiters are developed to ensure non-negative evolution of the scalar concentration field. Numerical experiments were presented to illustrate its performance in comparison with theoretical solutions and those of conventional methods. The proposed scheme is mass-conservative, produces non-negative concentration values, exhibits low numerical dispersion, and is efficient for advection-dominated problems with concentration-dependent source terms. Like other Eulerian schemes, the Courant–Friedrich–Levy (CFL) stability criterion has to be met. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Chemical Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - EULERIAN graphs
KW  - Advection-dispersion equation
KW  - Bott's scheme
KW  - Numerical dispersion
N1  - Accession Number: 10117756; Jin, Minghui 1 Ford, Roseanne M. 1 Cummings, Peter T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 27 Issue 10, p1405; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: EULERIAN graphs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advection-dispersion equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bott's scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical dispersion; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0098-1354(03)00008-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalabegishvili, Tamaz L.
AU  - Tsibakhashvili, Nelly Y.
AU  - Holman, Hoi-Ying N.
T1  - Electron Spin Resonance Study of Chromium(V) Formation and Decomposition by Basalt-Inhabiting Bacteria.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4678
EP  - 4684
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Bacterial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) compounds may produce reactive intermediates Cr(IV), which can affect the mobility and toxicity of chromium in environments. To address this important subject, we conducted an electron spin resonance (ESR) study to understand the kinetics of the formation and decomposition of Cr(V) during Cr(VI) reduction by different Gram-positive Cr(VI)-tolerant bacteria which were isolated from polluted basalts from the United States of America and the Republic of Georgia. Results form our batch experiments show that during Cr(VI) reduction, the macromolecules at the cell wall of these bacteria could act as an electron donor to Cr(VI) to form a stable square-pyramidal Cr(V) complexes, which were reduced further probably via a one-electron transfer pathway to form Cr(IV) and Cr(III) compounds. The Cr(V) peak at the ESR spectrum possessed superhyperfine splitting characteristic of the Cr(V) complexes with diol-containing molecules. It appears that the kinetic of Cr(V) formation and decomposition dependent on the bacterial growth phase and on the species. Both formation and decomposition of Cr(V) occurred more quickly when Cr(VI) was added at the exponential phase. In comparison with other Gram-positive bacterial from the republic of Georgia, the formation and decomposition of Cr(V) in Arthrobacter species from the Unites States was significantly slower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemical reduction
KW  - Gram-positive bacteria
KW  - Macromolecules
KW  - Electron paramagnetic resonance
KW  - Chromium ions
KW  - Arthrobacter
N1  - Accession Number: 11870915; Kalabegishvili, Tamaz L. 1; Tsibakhashvili, Nelly Y. 1; Email Address: ntsiba@gol.ge; Holman, Hoi-Ying N. 2; Affiliations: 1: Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi 0177, Georgia.; 2: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 20, p4678; Thesaurus Term: Chemical reduction; Thesaurus Term: Gram-positive bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Macromolecules; Subject Term: Electron paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: Chromium ions; Subject Term: Arthrobacter; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lunden, Melissa M.
AU  - Thatcher, Tracy L.
AU  - Hering, Susanne V.
AU  - Brown, Nancy J.
T1  - Use of Time- and Chemically Resolved Particulate Data To Characterize the Infiltration of Outdoor PM[sub2.5] into a Residence in the San Joaquin Valley.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4724
EP  - 4732
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Recent studies associate particular air pollution with adverse health effects. The indoor exposure to particles of outdoor origin is not well-characterized, particularly for individual chemical species. In response to this, a field study in an unoccupied, single-story residence in Clovis, CA, was conducted. Real-time particle monitors were used both outdoors and indoors to quantity PM[sub2.5] nitrate, sulfate, and carbon. The aggregate of the highly time-resolved sulfate data, as well as averages of these data, was fit using a time-averaged from of the infiltration equation, resulting in reasonable value for the penetration coefficient and deposition loss rate. In contrast, individual value of the indoor/outdoor ratio can vary significantly from that predicted by the model for time scales ranging from a few minutes to several hours. Measured indoor ammonium nitrate levels were typically significantly lower than expected solely on the basis of penetration and deposition losses. The additional reduction is due to the transformation of ammonium nitrate into ammonia and nitric acid gases indoors, which are subsequently lost by deposition and sorption to indoor surfaces. This result illustrates that exposure assessments based on total outdoor particle mass can obscure the actual causal relationships for indoor exposures to particles of outdoor origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Health
KW  - Nitrates
KW  - Sulfates
KW  - San Joaquin Valley (Calif.)
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11870921; Lunden, Melissa M. 1; Email Address: mmlunden@lbl.gov; Thatcher, Tracy L. 1; Hering, Susanne V. 2; Brown, Nancy J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Aerosol Dynamics Inc., 2329 Fourth Street, Berkeley, California 94710.; Issue Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 20, p4724; Thesaurus Term: Indoor air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Health; Thesaurus Term: Nitrates; Thesaurus Term: Sulfates; Subject: San Joaquin Valley (Calif.); Subject: California; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, A.F.
AU  - Myers, S.M.
T1  - Configurations, energies, and thermodynamics of the neutral MgH complex in GaN.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4918
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Atomic configurations corresponding to local-energy minima for the neutral MgH complex in wurtzite GaN are identified using density-functional theory and the generalized-gradient approximation for exchange and correlation. MgH binding energies, H local-mode vibration frequencies, and configurational degeneracies for the six lowest-energy configurations are used, along with corresponding results for isolated H[sup +], to compute equilibrium H state populations in Mg-doped GaN as a function of temperature. For a Mg concentration of 1×10[sup 19]/cm[sup 3] and a H/Mg concentration ratio of 0.99, MgH is found to be the majority H species at room temperature with isolated H[sup +] becoming the majority species at T≈550 °C. Among the MgH states, one is found to dominate at all temperatures. The dominant configuration consists of H at an antibonding site of a N neighbor of the substitutional Mg, with the Mg–N and N–H bonds nearly aligned and the N–H bond oriented at an angle of ∼109° with the c axis. The H stretch-mode frequency of the dominant state is consistent with the peak observed in Fourier-transform infrared reflection spectra from Mg-doped GaN samples. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
N1  - Accession Number: 10965236; Wright, A.F. 1; Email Address: afwrigh@sandia.gov Myers, S.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 8, p4918; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1610232
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Duan Z.
T1  - Modeling plate impact response of particle–polymer composite.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4938
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Studies the modeling plate impact response of particle-polymer composites.  Presence of elastic particles and a polymer binder; Observation of the stress relaxation in the polymer; Implementation of the constitutive relation into numerical calculations.
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - STRESS relaxation (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10965233; Zhang, Duan Z. 1; Email Address: dzhang@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Fluid Dynamics Group, T-3, B216, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 8, p4938; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: STRESS relaxation (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1610235
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Augustsson, A.
AU  - Schmitt, T.
AU  - Duda, L.-C.
AU  - Nordgren, J.
AU  - Nordlinder, S.
AU  - Edström, K.
AU  - Gustafsson, T.
AU  - Guo, J.-H.
T1  - The electronic structure and lithiation of electrodes based on vanadium–oxide nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 5083
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The effect of lithium insertion (lithiation) in electrodes of vanadium oxide nanotubes has been studied using resonant soft-x-ray emission spectroscopy (RSXES) and soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (SXAS). Spectra at the V L edges were recorded ex-situ on a series of cycled electrodes that had been discharged to different potentials (3.0, 2.5, 2.0, and 1.8 V). Different chemical states upon discharge effectively correspond to different doping levels: the lower the cell potential, the higher the lithiation. The RSXES and SXAS spectra reflect the occupied and unoccupied electronic states, respectively. Spectral changes are observed as a function of the reduction process of vanadium by the electrochemical process. Lithiation induces a gradual enhancement of features attributed to occupied V 3d states in the RSXES spectra, indicating that the intercalated charges occupy bands of V 3d. Both SXAS and RSXES results suggest a partial reduction to V[sup 3+] at potentials below 2.0 V and the presence of a mixture of three different oxidation states. RSXES spectra also reveal the low energy-loss feature of 1 eV, suggesting strong correlation of the V 3d orbitals. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - VANADIUM
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10965212; Augustsson, A. 1; Email Address: andreas.augustsson@fysik.uu.se Schmitt, T. 1 Duda, L.-C. 1 Nordgren, J. 1 Nordlinder, S. 2 Edström, K. 2 Gustafsson, T. 3 Guo, J.-H.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Sweden  2: Department of Materials Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 8, p5083; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: VANADIUM; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1611626
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petersona, Kirk A.
AU  - Yumin Li
AU  - Francisco, Joseph S.
AU  - Peng Zou
AU  - Webster, Charles Edwin
AU  - Pérez, Lisa M.
AU  - Hall, Michael B.
AU  - North, Simon W.
T1  - The role of triplet states in the long wavelength absorption region of bromine nitrate.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 7864
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A theoretical study of the low-lying singlet and triplet electronic states of BrONO[sub 2] is presented. Calculations of excitation energies and oscillator strengths are reported using excited-state coupled cluster response methods, as well as the complete active space self-consistent field method with the full Breit–Pauli spin-orbit operator. The calculations predict that there is only one singlet state for BrONO[sub 2], the à [sup 1]A[sup ″] state, that is accessible at wavelengths longer than 300 nm. At energies below the first singlet state, i.e., λ>330 nm, the calculations reveal two triplet states with significant oscillator strength. Therefore, we propose that the origin of absorption in the long wavelength region from 350 to 500 nm, responsible for the majority of atmospheric photolysis, is due to transitions to triplet states and not singlet states. A comparison of the reported benchmark coupled cluster calculations (CCSD) with the results of (1) configuration interaction with all single substitutions and a perturbative correction for the double substitutions [CIS(D)] and (2) time-dependent density-functional (TDDF) calculations is provided. For the lowest energy excitations, CIS(D) calculations provide quantitative agreement with the CCSD results, while TDDF calculations yield qualitative agreement. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - TRIPLET state (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - OSCILLATOR strengths
KW  - ABSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 10991361; Petersona, Kirk A. 1,2; Email Address: kipeters@wsu.edu Yumin Li 3 Francisco, Joseph S. 3 Peng Zou 4 Webster, Charles Edwin 4 Pérez, Lisa M. 4 Hall, Michael B. 4 North, Simon W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.  3: Department of Chemistry, and Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.  4: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842.; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 15, p7864; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: TRIPLET state (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: OSCILLATOR strengths; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1604374
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leontyev, I.V.
AU  - Vener, M.V.
AU  - Rostov, I.V.
AU  - Basilevsky, M.V.
AU  - Newton, M.D.
T1  - Continuum level treatment of electronic polarization in the framework of molecular simulations of solvation effects.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 8024
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The hybrid molecular–continuum model for polar solvation considered in this paper combines the dielectric continuum approximation for treating fast electronic (inertialess) polarization effects and a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for the slow (inertial) polarization component, including orientational and translational solvent modes. The inertial polarization is generated by average charge distributions of solvent particles, composed of permanent and induced (electronic) components. MD simulations are performed in a manner consistent with the choice of solvent and solute charges such that all electrostatic interactions are scaled by the factor 1/[variant_greek_epsilon][sub ∞], where [variant_greek_epsilon][sub ∞] is the optical dielectric permittivity. This approach yields an ensemble of equilibrium solvent configurations adjusted to the electric field created by a charged or strongly polar solute. The electrostatic solvent response field is found as the solution of the Poisson equation including both solute and explicit solvent charges, with accurate account of electrostatic boundary conditions at the surfaces separating spatial regions with different dielectric permittivities. Both equilibrium and nonequilibrium solvation effects can be studied by means of this model, and their inertial and inertialess contributions are naturally separated. The methodology for computation of charge transfer reorganization energies is developed and applied to a model two-site dipolar system in the SPC water solvent. Three types of charge transfer reactions are considered. The standard linear-response approach yields high accuracy for each particular reaction, but proves to be significantly in error when reorganization energies of different reactions were compared. This result has a purely molecular origin and is absent within a conventional continuum solvent model. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - SOLVATION
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 10991344; Leontyev, I.V. 1 Vener, M.V. 1 Rostov, I.V. 2 Basilevsky, M.V. 1 Newton, M.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, ul. Vorontsovo Pole 10, Moscow 103064, Russia.  2: Supercomputer Facility, Australian National University Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.  3: Department of Chemistry Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 15, p8024; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1605944
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chialvo, Ariel A.
AU  - Simonson, J.Michael
T1  - The structure of CaCl[sub 2] aqueous solutions over a wide range of concentration. Interpretation of diffraction experiments via molecular simulation.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 8052
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A detailed analysis of the water structure around the ionic species in aqueous CaCl[sub 2] solutions is performed by molecular dynamics over a wide range of concentration (0<m≤9.26) at ambient conditions. The goals behind the study are to address a long-standing controversy regarding the actual coordination number of aqueous Ca[sup +2], to characterize the hydration structure of Ca[sup +2], and consequently to interpret the origin of the disparity in the reported experimental data, to describe the additional information available from simulation to augment the first-order difference method in the determination of the species coordination numbers from neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution (NDIS) experiments, and to attain additional insights into the distribution of the “tilting” and “wagging” ion–water angles and their relation with the conventional configurational definitions. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER -- Analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - CALCIUM chloride
KW  - HYDRATION
N1  - Accession Number: 10991341; Chialvo, Ariel A. 1; Email Address: chialvoaa@ornl.gov Simonson, J.Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Aqueous Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110.; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 15, p8052; Subject Term: WATER -- Analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: CALCIUM chloride; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 11 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1610443
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Green, D.L.
AU  - Lin, J.S.
AU  - Lam, Yui-Fai
AU  - Hu, M.Z.-C.
AU  - Schaefer, Dale W.
AU  - Harris, M.T.
T1  - Size, volume fraction, and nucleation of Stober silica nanoparticles
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 266
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 346
SN  - 00219797
AB  - 29Si NMR, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) are used to monitor the synthesis of silica nanoparticles from the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of TEOS in methanol and ethanol. The reactions are conducted at a [TEOS] <f>=0.5</f> M, low concentrations of ammonia ([NH3] <f>=0.01</f>–0.1 M), and [H2O] <f>=1.1</f>–4.4 M to resolve the initial size of the first nuclei and to follow their structural evolution. It is found that after an induction period where there is a buildup of singly hydrolyzed monomer, the first nuclei are fractal and open in structure. Interestingly, the nuclei are twice as large in ethanol (<f>Rg&ap;8</f> nm) as those in methanol (<f>Rg&ap;4</f> nm). The data suggest that the difference in primary particle size is possibly caused by a higher supersaturation ratio of the singly hydrolyzed monomer in methanol than in ethanol if it is assumed that the surface energy of the first nuclei is the same in methanol and ethanol. The particle number concentration and the volume fraction of the silica particles are calculated independently from the SAXS, DLS, and 29Si NMR results. Finally, the rate of nucleation is obtained from the particle number concentrations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDENSATION
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SILICA
KW  - Condensation
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - SAXS
KW  - Silica
N1  - Accession Number: 10922953; Green, D.L. 1 Lin, J.S. 2 Lam, Yui-Fai 3 Hu, M.Z.-C. 4 Schaefer, Dale W. 5 Harris, M.T. 6; Email Address: mtharris@purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Department and Institute of Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  4: Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA  6: School of Chemical Engineering, 1283 CHME Building, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1283, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 266 Issue 2, p346; Subject Term: CONDENSATION; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SILICA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAXS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00610-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKenna, Sean A.
AU  - Doherty, John
AU  - Hart, David B.
T1  - Non-uniqueness of inverse transmissivity field calibration and predictive transport modeling
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 281
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
SN  - 00221694
AB  - Recent work with stochastic inverse modeling techniques has led to the development of efficient algorithms for the construction of transmissivity (<f>T</f>) fields conditioned to measurements of <f>T</f> and head. Small numbers of calibration targets and correlation between model parameters in these inverse solutions can lead to a relatively large region in parameter space that will produce a near optimal calibration of the <f>T</f> field to measured heads. Most applications of these inverse techniques have not considered the effects of non-unique calibration on subsequent predictions made with the <f>T</f> fields. Use of these <f>T</f> fields in predictive contaminant transport modeling must take into account the non-uniqueness of the <f>T</f> field calibration. A recently developed ‘predictive estimation’ technique is presented and employed to create <f>T</f> fields that are conditioned to observed heads and measured <f>T</f> values while maximizing the conservatism of the associated predicted advective travel time. Predictive estimation employs confidence and prediction intervals calculated simultaneously on the flow and transport models, respectively. In an example problem, the distribution of advective transport results created with the predictive estimation technique is compared to the distribution of results created under traditional <f>T</f> field optimization where model non-uniqueness is not considered. The predictive estimation technique produces results with significantly shorter travel times relative to traditional techniques while maintaining near optimal calibration. Additionally, predictive estimation produces more accurate estimates of the fastest travel times. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - GROUNDWATER flow
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - Advective transport
KW  - Geostatistics
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Inverse modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 11083021; McKenna, Sean A. 1; Email Address: samcken@sandia.gov Doherty, John 2; Email Address: jdoherty@gil.com.au Hart, David B. 3; Email Address: dbhart@cc.usu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geohydrology, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800 MS 0735, Albuquerque, NM 87187-0735, USA  2: Watermark Numerical Computing, 336 Cliveden Ave., Corinda 4075, Australia  3: Department of Computer Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 281 Issue 4, p265; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER flow; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advective transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geostatistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse modeling; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00194-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scholz, W.
AU  - Guslienko, K.Yu.
AU  - Novosad, V.
AU  - Suess, D.
AU  - Schrefl, T.
AU  - Chantrell, R.W.
AU  - Fidler, J.
T1  - Transition from single-domain to vortex state in soft magnetic cylindrical nanodots
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 266
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We have investigated the magnetic properties of submicron soft magnetic cylindrical nanodots using an analytical model as well as three dimensional numerical finite element simulations. A detailed comparison of the magnetic vortex state shows the differences between these two models. It appears that the magnetic surface charges play a crucial role in the equilibrium magnetization distribution especially for shifted vortices. Finally, the magnetic phase diagram for soft magnetic particles with varying aspect ratio is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - Magnetic nanodot
KW  - Magnetic vortex
KW  - Micromagnetics
N1  - Accession Number: 11255841; Scholz, W. 1; Email Address: werner.scholz@tuwien.ac.at Guslienko, K.Yu. 2; Email Address: konstantin.guslienko@seagate.com Novosad, V. 3 Suess, D. 1 Schrefl, T. 1 Chantrell, R.W. 2 Fidler, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Applied and Technical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/138, A-1040 Vienna, Austria  2: Seagate Research, 1251 Waterfront Place, PA 15222-4215, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 266 Issue 1/2, p155; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic nanodot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic vortex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micromagnetics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00466-9
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buchheit, T. E.
AU  - Glass, S. J.
AU  - Sullivan, J. R.
AU  - Mani, S. S.
AU  - Lavan, D. A.
AU  - Friedmann, T. A.
AU  - Janek, R.
T1  - Micromechanical testing of MEMS materials.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4081
EP  - 4086
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - This paper discusses tensile testing techniques and results derived as part of a broader microstructure-properties investigation of structural materials used in surface micromachined (SMM), and LIGA MEMS technologies. SMM techniques produce devices on the surface of a silicon wafer, with critical dimensions as small as 1–2 μm, using a subtractive multilayer film deposition process. Two structural materials have been investigated: SUMMiT™ polysilicon and amorphous Diamond (a-D). Mechanical properties presented in this paper on these SMM structural materials were obtained from a direct tensile testing method using the lateral force measurement capability of a nanoindentation system. LIGA, a German acronym extracted from the words “Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformung,” is an additive process in which structural material is electrodeposited into a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) molds realized by deep x-ray lithography. LIGA tensile specimens of several different materials have been evaluated using a mini-servohydraulic load frame, designed to test specimens of sizes similar to structural components. In this paper, tensile test results from LIGA fabricated Ni and Ni-alloys and examples of their correlation to processing and microstructure will be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL devices
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 16623286; Buchheit, T. E. 1 Glass, S. J. 1 Sullivan, J. R. 1 Mani, S. S. 1 Lavan, D. A. 2 Friedmann, T. A. 1 Janek, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Massachussetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 38 Issue 20, p4081; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL devices; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lou, J.
AU  - Allameh, S.
AU  - Buccheit, T.
AU  - Soboyejo, W. O.
T1  - An investigation of the effects of thickness on mechanical properties of LIGA nickel MEMS structures.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4129
EP  - 4135
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - This paper examines the effects of thickness on the mechanical properties of LIGA Ni MEMS structures plated from sulfamate baths. The as-plated LIGA Ni specimens of different thickness (50 μm, 100 μm and 200 μm) were utilized in the microtensile experiments. Optical microscopy, orientation imaging microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the microstructure of the LIGA Ni specimens. Fracture Modes obtained from specimens with different thickness were revealed by scanning electron microscopy. The effects of specimen thickness are then discussed within the context of strain gradient plasticity theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - NICKEL
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL devices
KW  - THICKNESS measurement
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 16623282; Lou, J. 1 Allameh, S. 1 Buccheit, T. 2 Soboyejo, W. O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Materials Institute, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Mechanical Reliability and Modeling Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 38 Issue 20, p4129; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL devices; Subject Term: THICKNESS measurement; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lou, J.
AU  - Shrotriya, P.
AU  - Buchheit, T.
AU  - Yang, D.
AU  - Soboyejo, W. O.
T1  - A nano-indentation study on the plasticity length scale effects in LIGA Ni MEMS structures.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4137
EP  - 4143
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - This paper presents the results of a nano-indentation study of the effects of strain gradient plasticity on the elastic-plastic deformation of LIGA Ni MEMS structures plated from sulfamate baths. Both Berkovich and North Star indenter tips were used in the study to investigate possible effects of residual indentation depth between the micro and nano scales on the hardness of LIGA Ni MEMS structures. A microstructural length scale parameter, l = 0.89 μm, was determined for LIGA nickel films. This is shown to be consistent with a stretch gradient length scale parameter, ls, of ∼0.36 μm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL devices
KW  - NICKEL films
N1  - Accession Number: 16623281; Lou, J. 1 Shrotriya, P. 1 Buchheit, T. 2 Yang, D. 3 Soboyejo, W. O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA  2: Mechanical Reliability and Modeling Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA  3: Hysitron, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 38 Issue 20, p4137; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL devices; Subject Term: NICKEL films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dyer, G.
AU  - Sheppherd, R.
AU  - Kuba, J.
AU  - Fill, E.
AU  - Wootton, A.
AU  - Patel, P.
AU  - Price, D.
AU  - Ditmire, T.
T1  - Isochoric heating of solid aluminium with picosecond X-ray pulses.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2495
SN  - 09500340
AB  - High-energy-density matter in quite unique parameter regimes can be studied using an intense laser pulse to heat isochorically an initially cold solid density target. Such isochoric heating experiments permit study of the properties, such as the equation of state, of heated matter. One of the principal challenges of these experiments is to heat sufficiently thick layers so that they will be inertially confined over times scales sufficient for equilibration, times that are often many picoseconds, even at these high densities. One approach to this problem is to heat a solid target not with the laser pulse directly, which deposits its energy only over a few nanometres, but to heat with penetrating X-rays. In this paper, we present preliminary results where such ultrafast X-ray heating is demonstrated using a short-pulse laser-driven silicon Kα source to heat a layer of solid density aluminium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MATTER
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - HEATING
N1  - Accession Number: 11157718; Dyer, G. 1; Email Address: tditmire@physics.utexas.edu Sheppherd, R. 2 Kuba, J. 1 Fill, E. 3 Wootton, A. 2 Patel, P. 1 Price, D. 1 Ditmire, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Texas  2: Physics and Advanced Technology Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  3: Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 15-17, p2495; Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: HEATING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, R.W.
AU  - Heebner, J.E.
AU  - Lepeshkin, N.N.
AU  - Park, Q.-H.
AU  - Schweinsberg, A.
AU  - Wicks, G.W.
AU  - Baca, A.S.
AU  - Fajardo, J.E.
AU  - Hancock, R.R.
AU  - Lewis, M.A.
AU  - Boysel, R.M.
AU  - Quesada, M.
AU  - Welty, R.
AU  - Bleier, A.R.
AU  - Treichler, J.
AU  - Slusher, R.E.
T1  - Nanofabrication of optical structures and devices for photonics and biophotonics.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2543
SN  - 09500340
AB  - Nanofabrication offers promise for the design of artificial materials with optical properties unlike those of materials occurring in nature and for the design of new and exotic optical devices. We describe some specific ideas for applications in this area, and present some laboratory results on the development of these applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHOTONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11157721; Boyd, R.W. 1 Heebner, J.E. 1 Lepeshkin, N.N. 1 Park, Q.-H. 1 Schweinsberg, A. 1 Wicks, G.W. 1 Baca, A.S. 2 Fajardo, J.E. 2 Hancock, R.R. 2 Lewis, M.A. 2 Boysel, R.M. 2 Quesada, M. 2 Welty, R. 3 Bleier, A.R. 4 Treichler, J. 4 Slusher, R.E. 5; Affiliation:  1: The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester  2: Corning Inc.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  4: Cornell Nano-Scale Science and Technology Facility, University  5: Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 15-17, p2543; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shvets, Gennady
AU  - Tushentsov, Mikhail
T1  - Nonlinear propagation of electromagnetic waves in a plasma by means of electromagnetically induced transparency.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2583
SN  - 09500340
AB  - Magnetized plasma can be made transparent at the cyclotron frequency by addition of a helical undulator. The purpose of the undulator is to couple the transverse (propagating) and longitudinal (non-propagating) electromagnetic waves in the plasma. The coupling is particularly strong when the electron cyclotron and plasma frequencies are equal. It is demonstrated that this coupling gives rise to ultra-slow electromagnetic waves with group velocity v g ≪ c (where c is the speed of light in vacuum), resulting in the extreme energy compression in the plasma. A linear propagation equation for the electromagnetic wave envelope is derived, and its group velocity and group velocity dispersion are calculated. Relativistic corrections to the plasma electron motion are included to derive the nonlinear propagation equation. It is shown that, in comparison with unmagnetized plasma, an enhancement of nonlinearities of order is expected. Implications for relativistic self-focusing in the plasma are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - TRANSPARENCY (Optics)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
N1  - Accession Number: 11157711; Shvets, Gennady 1 Tushentsov, Mikhail 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory  2: Illinois Institute of Technology; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 15-17, p2583; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: TRANSPARENCY (Optics); Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yusheng Dou, Thomas
AU  - Torralva, Ben R.
AU  - Allen, Roland E.
T1  - Semiclassical electron-radiation-ion dynamics (SERID) and cis - trans photoisomerization of butadiene.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 15-17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2615
SN  - 09500340
AB  - Detailed simulations are reported for the dynamics of electrons and nuclei during the cis - trans isomerization of butadiene following a femtosecond-scale laser pulse. Our technique, semiclassical electron-radiation-ion dynamics (SERID), is fully described in the text. The one-electron Hamiltonian and ion-ion interactions employed in the present work are density-functional based. Following excitation of electrons by the laser pulse, all three C-C bonds in the butadiene molecule become longer, as electrons are promoted from the HOMO to both the LUMO and LUMO+1 levels. In the excited electronic state, the molecule rotates about all of its three C-C bonds. There are then non-adiabatic events near avoided crossings, with electronic transitions to the ground state via creation of vibrational excitations. The molecule continues to twist around the central bond and one of the terminal C-C bonds, until the trans -conformation is achieved. Various features in the behaviour of the vibrational modes can also be observed, including initial excitations due to the laser pulse, further excitations at avoided crossings and the redistribution of vibrational energy between modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - BUTADIENE
KW  - PHOTOISOMERIZATION
KW  - EXCITON theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11157715; Yusheng Dou, Thomas 1 Torralva, Ben R. 2 Allen, Roland E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Texas A&M University  2: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 50 Issue 15-17, p2615; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: BUTADIENE; Subject Term: PHOTOISOMERIZATION; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qian, Maoxu
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Li, Liyu
AU  - Strachan, Denis M.
T1  - Extended electron energy loss fine structure simulation of the local boron environment in sodium aluminoborosilicate glasses containing gadolinium
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 328
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 90
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Electron energy loss boron <f>K</f>-edge spectra of gadolinium-bearing sodium aluminoborosilicate glasses were acquired. Extended electron energy loss fine structure studies were performed in both extended and near edge region. Using Gd-metaborate, GdB3O6, as a model, we fitted the experimental B <f>K</f>-edge spectra of the glasses containing 30 and 47 mass% Gd2O3 in r-space with a non-linear least-square fitting method. Based on the results obtained from the current study, the majority of borate units appear to react with Gd cations and the local environment of Gd cations resembles that of the Gd-metaborate structure. Therefore, a distorted Gd-metaborate-like local atomic structure is proposed, in which each Gd cation is stabilized by one tetragonal BO4 unit and two trigonal BO3 units. The similarity of the chemical environment between the two high Gd-bearing glasses implies that the local Gd-metal borate environment, 1BO4:Gd:2BO3, is stable. When the Gd to B ratio in the glasses exceeded 1 to 3 ratio, according to the model, excess Gd cations should form bonds with silicate units. The modeling results are further supported by the energy loss near edge spectra data and previously results obtained from Raman and laser fluorescence deduced phonon side band studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - GLASS
N1  - Accession Number: 10864187; Qian, Maoxu 1 Li, Hong; Email Address: hli@ppg.com Li, Liyu 1 Strachan, Denis M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 328 Issue 1-3, p90; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Subject Term: SILICATES; Subject Term: GLASS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00477-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, L.L.
AU  - Darab, J.G.
AU  - Qian, M.
AU  - Zhao, D.
AU  - Palenik, C.S.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Strachan, D.M.
AU  - Li, L.
T1  - Hafnium in peralkaline and peraluminous boro-aluminosilicate glass and glass sub-components: a solubility study
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 328
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
SN  - 00223093
AB  - A relationship between the solubility of hafnia (HfO2) and host glass composition was investigated by determining the solubility limits of HfO2 in peralkaline and peraluminous glasses in the system SiO2–Al2O3–B2O3–Na2O in air at 1450 °C. The only Hf-bearing phase to crystallize in the boro-aluminosilicate melts is hafnia. Some peraluminous boro-aluminosilicate glasses also crystallize a B-containing mullite. In glasses with molar Na2O > Al2O3, the solubility of hafnia is linearly and positively correlated with Na2O/(Na2O + Al2O3) or Na2O − Al2O3 (excess sodium), despite the presence of 5–16 mol% B2O3. The results of this solubility study are comparable to other studies of high-valence cation solubility in B-free silicate melts. For peralkaline B-bearing glasses, it is shown that, although the solubility limits are higher, the solution behavior of hafnia is the same as in B-free silicate melts previously studied by other workers. By comparison, it is shown that in peraluminous melts there must be a different solution mechanism for hafnia, different than that for peralkaline sodium-boro-aluminosilicate glasses in this study and different than that for B-free silicate melts studied by others. The formation of moieties in the peralkaline glasses/melts, with approximate stoichiometries of Na4HfO4, Na6Hf2O7 or Na2HfO3 (most likely with associated Si and B), appears to be responsible for the incorporation of large amounts of Hf in the glass matrix, and therefore high HfO2 solubility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SOLUBILITY
KW  - HAFNIUM oxide
KW  - GLASS
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 10864188; Davis, L.L. 1; Email Address: lldavis@niu.edu Darab, J.G. 1 Qian, M. 1 Zhao, D. 1 Palenik, C.S. 1,2 Li, H. 1 Strachan, D.M. 1 Li, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 328 Issue 1-3, p102; Subject Term: SOLUBILITY; Subject Term: HAFNIUM oxide; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00479-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gordon
AU  - M. L.
AU  - Tulumello
AU  - D.
AU  - Cooper
AU  - G.
AU  - Hitchcock
AU  - A. P.
AU  - Glatzel
AU  - P.
AU  - Mullins
AU  - O. C.
AU  - Cramer
AU  - S. P.
AU  - Bergmann
AU  - U.
T1  - Inner-Shell Excitation Spectroscopy of Fused-Ring Aromatic Molecules by Electron Energy Loss and X-ray Raman Techniques.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 8512
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Oscillator strengths for C 1s excitation spectra of gaseous benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthracene, triphenylene, pyrene, and 1,2-benzanthracene have been derived from inner-shell electron energy loss spectroscopy recorded under scattering conditions where electric dipole transitions dominate (2.5 keV residual energy, θ ≤ 2° corresponding to a product of momentum transfer and C 1s orbital size (qr) of 0.08). These spectra are interpreted with the aid of ab initio calculations on selected species. They are compared to the C 1s spectra of solid samples of benzene, naphththalene, anthracene, triphenylene, and 1,2-benzanthracene, recorded with inelastic X-ray Raman scattering in the dipole limit (qr < 0.5). When differences in resolution are taken into account, good agreement is found between the inelastic electron scattering spectra of the gases and the inelastic photon scattering spectra of the corresponding solid. Small differences are attributed to quenching of transitions to Rydberg states in the solids. Characteristic differences related to the degree of symmetry or spatial arrangement of the fused ring aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., linear versus bent structures) indicate that C 1s X-ray Raman spectroscopy should be useful for characterizing aromatics in bulk samples that are opaque to soft X-rays, such as coals and heavy hydrocarbon deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - RAMAN effect
N1  - Accession Number: 11066981; Gordon M. L. 1 Tulumello D. 1 Cooper G. 1 Hitchcock A. P. 1 Glatzel P. 1 Mullins O. C. 1 Cramer S. P. 1 Bergmann U. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands, Schlumberger-Doll Research, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 41, p8512; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kopidakis
AU  - N.
AU  - Benkstein
AU  - K. D.
AU  - van de Lagemaat
AU  - J.
AU  - Frank
AU  - A. J.
T1  - Transport-Limited Recombination of Photocarriers in Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO2 Solar Cells.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 11307
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The effect of lithium intercalation on the transport dynamics and recombination kinetics in dye-sensitized nanoparticle TiO2 solar cells at lithium levels below 5 atom % was investigated by photocurrent and photovoltage transient and spectroelectrochemical techniques. Titanium dioxide films were doped electrochemically in the dark and under illumination. It was discovered that when Li+ is present in the electrolyte, lithium intercalates irreversibly into dye-sensitized TiO2 films at open circuit (ca. -0.7 V) under normal solar light intensities. Photocurrent transients of doped nonsensitized TiO2 films indicate that lithium doping decreases the diffusion coefficient of electrons through the nanoparticle network. Photocurrent and photovoltage transients of sensitized TiO2 films provide the first evidence that electron transport limits recombination with the redox electrolyte in working cells. As the Li density in the films increases, the diffusion and recombination times of photoelectrons increase proportionately, indicating a causal link between electron transport and recombination. The electron diffusion coefficient in dye-sensitized solar cells exhibits a power-law dependence on photocharge at all concentrations of inserted lithium in the TiO2 film. With increasing doping, the dependence of the electron diffusion coefficient on the photocharge becomes stronger, a phenomenon attributed to widening of the exponential conduction band tail resulting from disorder induced by randomly placed lithium defects in TiO2. The photovoltaic characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells are largely unaffected by lithium intercalation, implying that intercalation has only a small effect on the charge collection efficiency and the rate of recombination. A simple model is presented that explains the observed transport-limited recombination. The results suggest that increasing the electron transport rate will not significantly improve the solar cell performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11067023; Kopidakis N. 1 Benkstein K. D. 1 van de Lagemaat J. 1 Frank A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 41, p11307; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones
AU  - M.
AU  - Nedeljkovic
AU  - J.
AU  - Ellingson
AU  - R. J.
AU  - Nozik
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Rumbles
AU  - G.
T1  - Photoenhancement of Luminescence in Colloidal CdSe Quantum Dot Solutions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 11346
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Enhancement of the photoluminescence (PL) of colloidal CdSe and (core)shell (CdSe)ZnS quantum dots has been observed when the dots are illuminated above the band-gap energy. The effect occurs in dots suspended in a variety of organic or aqueous environments. During periods of constant illumination, the exciton PL quantum yield was found to reach a value of up to 60 times that of the solution of as-prepared quantum dots and, if illumination continued, subsequently declined slowly because of photooxidation. When returned to the dark, the PL reverted to near its original value. The rate and magnitude of photoenhancement are found to depend on the illumination wavelength, the presence of a ZnS shell, the solvent environment, and the concentration of surfactant molecules. Time-resolved measurements of the fluorescence decay reveal multiexponential kinetics and an average lifetime that lengthens during the illumination period and shortens when quantum dots are returned to darkness. It is postulated that the stabilization of surface trap states, lengthening their average lifetime, could occur by a light-activated rearrangement of surfactant molecules, thus increasing the probability of thermalization back to the lowest emitting exciton state and enhancing the quantum dot PL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - QUANTUM dots
N1  - Accession Number: 11067028; Jones M. 1 Nedeljkovic J. 1 Ellingson R. J. 1 Nozik A. J. 1 Rumbles G. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 41, p11346; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Redfern
AU  - P. C.
AU  - Zapol
AU  - P.
AU  - Curtiss
AU  - L. A.
AU  - Rajh
AU  - T.
AU  - Thurnauer
AU  - M. C.
T1  - Computational Studies of Catechol and Water Interactions with Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 11419
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The interaction of catechol and water with titanium oxide nanoparticles was investigated using ab initio molecular orbital theory and density functional theory. Hydrogen-terminated TiO2 clusters were used to model the surface of anatase nanoparticles. The calculations indicate that catechol reacts with a Ti=O defect site on the surface to form a bidentate structure that is favored over dissociative or molecular adsorption on the (101) anatase surface. The dissociative adsorption of catechol at the defect site leads to a much larger red shift in the TiO2 excitation energy than molecular adsorption on the (101) anatase surface on the basis of ZINDO/S calculations. This is consistent with recent experimental results on small (<2 nm) titania nanoparticles. The calculations on water adsorption indicate that it can also add to the Ti=O double bond site. However, molecular adsorption of water on the (101) anatase surface is more favorable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATECHOL
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 11067038; Redfern P. C. 1 Zapol P. 1 Curtiss L. A. 1 Rajh T. 1 Thurnauer M. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 41, p11419; Subject Term: CATECHOL; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramallo-Lopez
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Santori
AU  - G. F.
AU  - Giovanetti
AU  - L.
AU  - Casella
AU  - M. L.
AU  - Ferretti
AU  - O. A.
AU  - Requejo
AU  - F. G.
T1  - XPS and XAFS Pt L2,3-Edge Studies of Dispersed Metallic Pt and PtSn Clusters on SiO2 Obtained by Organometallic Synthesis:  Structural and Electronic Characteristics.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 11441
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In this work, well-defined silica-supported Pt and PtSn catalysts were prepared by surface organometallic reactions and were characterized by EXAFS-XANES at the Pt L2,3 edge and XPS of the Pt 4f and Sn 3d levels. These catalysts were tested in the catalytic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde in the liquid phase. XPS results showed that in PtSn-OM* (not having butyl groups anchored on the surface), tin was present as Sn(0) adatoms “decorating” the metallic surface, isolating Pt atoms; in the PtSn-OM catalyst (Bu groups remain grafted on the surface), tin was found in the form of Sn(0) and Sn(II, IV) in similar proportions. EXAFS experiments do not provide evidence of the existence of PtSn alloys in any of these systems. In the bimetallic PtSn-BM systems, it was possible to observe by XPS that tin was found in the form of Sn(0) and Sn(II, IV). EXAFS experiments, in this case, allowed us to demonstrate the existence of a PtSn alloy diluting metallic Pt atoms. In tin-modified systems, when a fraction of ionic tin is present, the activation of the C=O group of the cinnamaldehyde is favored, increasing the selectivity to UOL. An increase in the number of Pt 5d holes measured by Pt-L2,3 XANES could be indicating as a d → s, p rehybridization process in the PtSn 3D small nanoclusters present in PtSn-BM catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - PLATINUM catalysts
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - METAL complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 11067041; Ramallo-Lopez J. M. 1 Santori G. F. 1 Giovanetti L. 1 Casella M. L. 1 Ferretti O. A. 1 Requejo F. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Física de La Plata (IFLP) (CONICET) and Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 49 y 115 (1900) La Plata, Argentina, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas “Dr. Jorge Ronco” (CINDECA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, and Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 No. 257 - C.C. 59 - (1900) La Plata, Argentina, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94706; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 41, p11441; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: PLATINUM catalysts; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: METAL complexes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu
AU  - W.
AU  - Bratko
AU  - D.
AU  - Prausnitz
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Blanch
AU  - H. W.
T1  - Electrostatic Interactions between Peptides and the Molecular Chaperone DnaK.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 11563
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The molecular chaperone DnaK prevents intracellular protein misfolding and aggregation by transiently binding with newly synthesized polypeptides and protein-folding intermediates. DnaK preferentially binds to peptides with basic residues (Arg/Lys) present on the outside of a hydrophobic core. The electrostatic contribution toward DnaK/peptide binding was determined by measuring the dissociation constant of DnaK complexes with two fluorescein-labeled peptides (f-NRLLLTG and f-NALLLTG) using fluorescence anisotropy. The measured dissociation constants, Kd, differ significantly at low ionic strength:  at 20 mM phosphate buffer; Kd for DnaK and f-NRLLLTG is 0.2 μM while that for DnaK and f-NALLLTG is 1 μM. This difference, attributed to stronger Coulombic binding in the case of f-NRLLLTG, vanishes at high ionic strength due to electrostatic screening. For f-NRAAATG, no interaction with DnaK was apparent, showing that hydrophobic interactions are essential in chaperone/peptide binding. The ionic strength dependence of the electrostatic interaction between DnaK and NRLLLTG is interpreted in terms of an approximate analytic model for the potential of mean force between DnaK and dipolar peptide. The calculated electrostatic binding free energy, ΔGele, of about -1 kcal/mol, is in good agreement with the experiment result for low salt concentration, as obtained from the ionic strength dependence of the measured dissociation constants. Our analytic model, here generalized to a pair of particles differing in size, charge, and dipole, provides a useful first estimate of electrostatic effects that can be exploited for control of protein-protein interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DNA
KW  - MOLECULAR chaperones
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 11067054; Liu W. 1 Bratko D. 1 Prausnitz J. M. 1 Blanch H. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 41, p11563; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MOLECULAR chaperones; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tian, Zhengrong R.
AU  - Voigt, James A.
AU  - Jun Liu
AU  - Mckenzie, Bonnie
AU  - Huifang Xu
T1  - Large Oriented Arrays and Continuous Films of TiO[sub2]-Based Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 125
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 12384
EP  - 12385
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Studies titanium oxide (TiO2) and materials derived from TiO2.  Application of TiO2 in photovoltaic cells; Method of preparation of titania nanotubes.
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - NANOTUBES
N1  - Accession Number: 11269748; Tian, Zhengrong R. 1 Voigt, James A. 1 Jun Liu 1; Email Address: jliu@sandia.gov Mckenzie, Bonnie 1 Huifang Xu 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, and University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131.; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 41, p12384; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fritts, David C.
AU  - Nappo, Carmen
AU  - Riggin, Dennis M.
AU  - Balsley, Ben B.
AU  - Eichinger, William E.
AU  - Newsom, Rob K.
T1  - Analysis of Ducted Motions in the Stable Nocturnal Boundary Layer during CASES-99.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 60
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 2450
EP  - 2472
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - Data obtained with multiple instruments at the main site of the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99) are employed to examine the character and variability of wave motions occurring in the stable nocturnal boundary layer during the night of 14 October 1999. The predominant motions are surprisingly similar in character throughout the night, exhibiting largely westward propagation, horizontal wavelengths of ∼1 to 10 km, phase speeds slightly greater than the mean wind in the direction of propagation, and highly coherent vertical motions with no apparent phase progression with altitude. Additionally, vertical and horizontal velocities are in approximate quadrature and the largest amplitudes occur at elevated altitudes of maximum stratification. These motions are interpreted as ducted gravity waves that propagate along maxima of stratification and mean wind and that are evanescent above, and occasionally below, the altitudes at which they are ducted. Modal structures for ducted waves are computed for mean wind and stratification profiles for three specific cases and are seen to provide a plausible explanation of the observed motions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology)
KW  - GRAVITY waves
KW  - ALTITUDES
KW  - WINDS
N1  - Accession Number: 11280283; Fritts, David C. 1; Email Address: dave@colorado-research.com Nappo, Carmen 2 Riggin, Dennis M. 1 Balsley, Ben B. 3 Eichinger, William E. 4 Newsom, Rob K. 5; Affiliation:  1: Colorado Research Associates, Northwest Research Associates, Boulder, Colorado.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory,  NOAA, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.  3: Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.  4: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa,  Iowa City, Iowa.  5: Environmental Technology Laboratory,  NOAA, Boulder, Colorado.; Source Info: 10/15/2003, Vol. 60 Issue 20, p2450; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology); Subject Term: GRAVITY waves; Subject Term: ALTITUDES; Subject Term: WINDS; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ng, D.H.L.
AU  - Cho, K.S.
AU  - Wong, M.L.
AU  - Chan, S.L.I.
AU  - Ma, X.-Y.
AU  - Lo, C.C.H.
T1  - Study of microstructure, mechanical properties, and magnetization process in low carbon steel bars by Barkhausen emission
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 358
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 186
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Correlation between Barkhausen emission (BE) signal, microstructure and mechanical properties of a series of low carbon steel bars after receiving different heat treatments are studied for the purpose of further developing the nondestructive BE technique to monitor the stress–strain characteristics of steel components. It is found that the BE signal, which is proportional to the number of unpinning events of domain walls (DW), is more intense in samples with small grains which have been annealed at lower temperatures, than in those with large grains which have been annealed at higher temperatures. The small-grain samples have larger BE signals, because they have large fractional volume of grain boundaries that act as sites for the DW unpinning. A qualitative model is proposed to describe the BE signal obtained from these ferritic steel samples. BE measurements are also made in-situ on each sample while it is under increasing tension. The BE signal increases in sample under tension. In the case of small-grain sample, the increase is mainly due to the re-orientation of domain configurations that facilitates the magnetization process. In the case of large-grain sample, tensile stress re-orients the domain configurations as well as creating new DWs that increase the number of unpinning events. In this work, it is also found that the BE–strain plots of the steel bars annealed at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 600 °C exhibit behaviors which are similar to their corresponding stress–strain curves. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - METALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CARBON steel
KW  - Barkhausen emission
KW  - Low carbon steels
KW  - Microstructures
KW  - Stress and strain
N1  - Accession Number: 10925125; Ng, D.H.L. 1; Email Address: dng@phy.cuhk.edu.hk Cho, K.S. 1 Wong, M.L. 1 Chan, S.L.I. 2 Ma, X.-Y. 3 Lo, C.C.H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR China  2: Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC  3: Department of Materials, Hauzhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China  4: Ames Laboratory, Center for Nondestructive Evaluation, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 358 Issue 1/2, p186; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: METALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CARBON steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Barkhausen emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low carbon steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress and strain; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00295-8
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brady, M.P.
AU  - Anderson, I.M.
AU  - Weaver, M.L.
AU  - Meyer, H.M.
AU  - Walker, L.R.
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Larson, D.J.
AU  - Wright, I.G.
AU  - Sikka, V.K.
AU  - Rar, A.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
AU  - Keiser, J.R.
AU  - Walls, C.A.
T1  - Nitrogen impurity gettering in oxide dispersion ductilized chromium
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 358
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Work by Scruggs in the 1960s demonstrated that tensile ductility could be achieved at room temperature in powder metallurgically-produced Cr alloyed with MgO. During consolidation, much of the MgO converted to the MgCr2O4 spinel phase, which was hypothesized to getter nitrogen from the Cr, rendering it ductile. We have duplicated this effect, achieving room temperature tensile elongations of 4% for hot-pressed Cr–6MgO–(0–1)Ti (wt.%) and 10% for hot-pressed and extruded Cr–6MgO–0.75Ti. Direct incorporation of nitrogen into the MgCr2O4 phase was not detected; however, impurities, particularly nitrogen and sulfur, were observed to segregate to and/or precipitate at interfaces between the MgO/MgCr2O4 phases and the Cr matrix. Exploratory studies of other non-spinel forming oxide dispersions (La2O3, TiO2 and Y2O3) showed a similar pattern of impurity segregation/precipitation, suggesting that there is nothing unique about spinel dispersions in Cr with regards to impurities. However, none of these other dispersions resulted in similar levels of tensile elongation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - SHEET-metal work
KW  - Composites
KW  - Cr
KW  - Embrittlement
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - ODS
KW  - Powder processing
KW  - Segregation
N1  - Accession Number: 10925132; Brady, M.P. 1; Email Address: bradymp@ornl.gov Anderson, I.M. 1 Weaver, M.L. 2 Meyer, H.M. 1 Walker, L.R. 1 Miller, M.K. 1 Larson, D.J. 1 Wright, I.G. 1 Sikka, V.K. 1 Rar, A. 1,3 Pharr, G.M. 1,3 Keiser, J.R. 1 Walls, C.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA  3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 358 Issue 1/2, p243; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: SHEET-metal work; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cr; Author-Supplied Keyword: Embrittlement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: ODS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segregation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332322 Sheet Metal Work Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332329 Other ornamental and architectural metal product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00324-1
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharif, A.A.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Mitchell, T.E.
T1  - Deformation mechanisms of polycrystalline MoSi2 alloyed with 1 at.% Nb
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/10/15/
VL  - 358
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) is a high Peierls stress material with a strong temperature dependence of the yield stress at low homologous temperatures. We have investigated the effects of alloying with 1 at.% Nb on the mechanisms of deformation of polycrystalline MoSi2 by compression testing from room temperature to 1600 °C. While polycrystalline unalloyed MoSi2 fractured before plastic yield at temperatures ≤900 °C, the Nb-alloyed MoSi2 could be deformed in compression even at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations indicated that the presence of 1 at.% Nb increased the stacking fault width of 1/2〈111〉 dislocations and promoted 1/2〈111〉 slip at low temperatures. The solution softening is interpreted in terms of easier kink nucleation on partial dislocations (especially in the vicinity of solute atoms) with increasing partial spacing. With increasing deformation temperature, thermal activation makes kink nucleation easy, and presumably, kink migration is hindered by the solute atoms leading to the expected solid solution hardening at elevated temperatures. At very high temperatures (∼1600 °C), the yield strengths of Nb-containing alloys may be up to an order of magnitude higher than pure MoSi2; the related hardening mechanisms are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - EFFECT of temperature on metals
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - MoSi2
KW  - Slip
KW  - Solid solution softening/hardening
KW  - Yield strength
N1  - Accession Number: 10925136; Sharif, A.A. 1 Misra, A. 2; Email Address: amisra@lanl.gov Mitchell, T.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, California State University Los Angeles, 5151 State University Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 358 Issue 1/2, p279; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: EFFECT of temperature on metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: MoSi2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid solution softening/hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield strength; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00307-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosner, Robert
T1  - Solar physics: Heat exposure.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/10/16/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6959
M3  - Article
SP  - 672
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Presents information on the solar chromosphere, corona and outer layers of the Sun.  Reason outermost layers of the Sun are hotter than the solar surface; Technique used for reconstructing the magnetic-field geometry of the Sun; Analysis of the complex action of magnetic-field emergence from the solar interior.
KW  - SOLAR chromosphere
KW  - SOLAR corona
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SUN
N1  - Accession Number: 11097955; Rosner, Robert 1,2; Email Address: r-rosner@uchicago.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics.  2: Department of Physics, University of Chicago, and at the Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illiniois 60439, USA.; Source Info: 10/16/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6959, p672; Subject Term: SOLAR chromosphere; Subject Term: SOLAR corona; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SUN; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/425672a
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qun Liu
AU  - Qingqui Huang, Phil A.
AU  - Maikun Teng
AU  - Weeks, Charles M.
AU  - Jelsch, Christian
AU  - Rongguang Zhang
AU  - Liwen Niu
T1  - The Crystal Structure of a Novel, Inactive, Lysine 49 PLA2 from Agkistrodon acutus Venom.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/17/
VL  - 278
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 41400
EP  - 41408
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The crystal structure of acutohaemolysin, a lysine 49 phospholipase A2 protein with 1010 non-hydrogen protein atoms and 232 water molecules, has been determined ab initio using the program SnB at an ultrahigh resolution of 0.8 Å. The lack of catalytic activity appears to be related to the presence of Phe[sup 102], which prevents the access of substrate to the active site. The substitution of tryptophan for leucine at residue 10 interferes with dimer formation and may be responsible for the additional loss of hemolytic activity. The ultrahigh resolution of the experimental diffraction data permits alternative conformations to be modeled for disordered residues, many hydrogen atoms to be located, the protonation of the N∈2 atom in the catalytic residue His[sup 48] to be observed experimentally, and the density of the bonding electrons to be analyzed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYSINE
KW  - AGKISTRODON acutus
KW  - VENOM
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 11358130; Qun Liu 1,2,3 Qingqui Huang, Phil A. 1,2,3 Maikun Teng 1,2 Weeks, Charles M. 4 Jelsch, Christian 5 Rongguang Zhang 6 Liwen Niu 1,2; Email Address: lwniu@ustc.edu.cn; Affiliation:  1: Key Laboratory of Structural Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China  2: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China  3: Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University  4: Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute  5: Laboratoire de Cristallographie et Modélisation des Matériaux Minéraux et Biologiques  6: Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 10/17/2003, Vol. 278 Issue 42, p41400; Subject Term: LYSINE; Subject Term: AGKISTRODON acutus; Subject Term: VENOM; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sepúlveda, Jorge
AU  - Jin, Hulin
AU  - Sblattero, Daniele
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
AU  - Burrone, Oscar R.
T1  - Binders Based on Dimerised Immunoglobulin VH Domains
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/10/17/
VL  - 333
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Antibody binding to antigen is mediated by the surface formed by the association of the two variable (V) regions of the L (VL) and H (VH) chains. The capacity of VL to dimerise and the high structural similarity of VL and VH domains suggested the possibility that VH could also associate. We show here that spontaneous formation of VH dimers (VHD) is in many cases permissive, producing stable molecules with antigen binding specificity. VHD were displayed on filamentous phages for the selection of antigen-specific binders. VHD were expressed and secreted efficiently from both bacteria and mammalian cells in different formats, including single-chain (VH(1)-linker-VH(2)), double chain ((VH)2) and IgG analogues having the VL replaced by VH. The affinity (Kd,app) achieved with a VH dimer expressed in the IgG format, specific for a glutenin subunit was around 30 nM measured by two different methods, which was about 20 times higher than that corresponding to the VL/VH counterpart. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - antibody engineering
KW  - binders
KW  - CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3, complementarity-determining regions also designated L1, L2 and L3 for the L chain and H1, H2 and H3 for the H chain
KW  - dc, double chain
KW  - immunoglobulin domains
KW  - sc, single-chain
KW  - VL, and VH, variable domains of the light (L) and heavy (H) chain, respectively
N1  - Accession Number: 11545610; Sepúlveda, Jorge 1 Jin, Hulin 1 Sblattero, Daniele 2 Bradbury, Andrew 3 Burrone, Oscar R. 1; Email Address: burrone@icgeb.org; Affiliation:  1: International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Molecular Immunology, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34012 Trieste, Italy  2: Department of Biology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy  3: Bioscience Division, MS-M888, TA-43 HRL-1, Building 1, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 333 Issue 2, p355; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: antibody engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: binders; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3, complementarity-determining regions also designated L1, L2 and L3 for the L chain and H1, H2 and H3 for the H chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: dc, double chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunoglobulin domains; Author-Supplied Keyword: sc, single-chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: VL, and VH, variable domains of the light (L) and heavy (H) chain, respectively; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.08.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nobrega, Marcelo A.
AU  - Ovcharenko, Ivan
AU  - Afzal, Veena
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
T1  - Scanning Human Gene Deserts for Long-Range Enhancers.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/17/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5644
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
EP  - 413
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - This article focuses on scanning human gene deserts for long-range enhancers. Human DACH, a gene expressed in numerous tissues and involved in the development of brain, limbs, and sensory organs, spans 430 kb and is bracketed by two gene deserts 870 kb and 1330 kb in length. To identify evolutionarily conserved footprints corresponding to putative DACH enhancers, authors of this article compared the human DACH sequence and the bracketing gene deserts to orthologous intervals in vertebrate species.
KW  - GENES
KW  - VERTEBRATES
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - GENETIC research
N1  - Accession Number: 11279867; Nobrega, Marcelo A. 1,2 Ovcharenko, Ivan 1,2 Afzal, Veena 1,2 Rubin, Edward M. 1,2; Email Address: emrubin@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.  2: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 10/17/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5644, p413; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: VERTEBRATES; Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Subject Term: GENETIC research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 846
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mao, Wendy L
AU  - Mao, Ho-kwang
AU  - Eng, Peter J.
AU  - Trainor, Thomas P.
AU  - Newville, Matthew
AU  - Kao, Chi-chang
AU  - Heinz, Dion L.
AU  - Shu, Jinfu
AU  - Meng, Yue
AU  - Hemley, Russell J.
T1  - Bonding Changes in Compressed Superhard Graphite.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/17/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5644
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 427
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - This article focuses on bonding changes in compressed superhard graphite. Compressed under ambient temperature, graphite undergoes a transition at ∼ 17 gigapascals. The near K-edge spectroscopy of carbon using synchrotron x-ray inelastic scattering reveals that half of the π-bonds between graphite layers convert to σ-bonds, whereas the other half remain as π-bonds in the high-pressure form. The x-ray diffraction pattern of the high-pressure form is consistent with a distorted graphite structure in which bridging carbon atoms between graphite layers pair and form σ-bonds, whereas the nonbridging carbon atoms remain unpaired with π-bonds. The high-pressure form is superhard, capable of indenting cubic-diamond single crystals.
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - X-rays
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11279871; Mao, Wendy L 1,2; Email Address: wmao@chicago.edu Mao, Ho-kwang 1,2 Eng, Peter J. 3,4 Trainor, Thomas P. 3,5 Newville, Matthew 3 Kao, Chi-chang 6 Heinz, Dion L. 1,4 Shu, Jinfu 2 Meng, Yue 7 Hemley, Russell J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of the Geophysical Sciences  2: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA.  3: Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources  4: James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.  5: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.  6: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  7: High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: 10/17/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5644, p425; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1638
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
T1  - Field measurement comparison of aerosol metals using aerosol beam focused laser-induced plasma spectrometer and reference methods
JO  - Talanta
JF  - Talanta
Y1  - 2003/10/17/
VL  - 61
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
SN  - 00399140
AB  - Several tests were conducted in July 2002 on an instrument developed by researchers at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for in-situ, real-time measurement of metal-laden aerosol particles in flue gas from combustion facilities. Stock aqueous solutions of prepared metal concentrations were nebulized and injected into the flue gas to provide spikes for the instrument testing. Strengths of the solutions were designed such that a reference method (RM) was able to obtain a sufficient amount of material on filter samples in 30 min cycles; the collected filters were subsequently analyzed in an analytical laboratory using certified methods. Parallel aerosol measurements were performed by one operator using the ORNL instrument. The recorded signal of an individual element was analyzed using the Lorentzian model and the concentration calculated from a calibration curve that was established prior to the experiments. RM data were able to reflect the loads simulated in the spiked waste stream. However, data collected using the RM was unable to reflect the transient load condition in the flue gas and missed a sample containing beryllium. The possibility of bias in the RM determination of chromium could exist. With the real-time detection capability, the instrument was able to reveal the transient emission variation by making seven consecutive measurements within a 30 min cycle. The measurements for mercury by both techniques appeared to be in good agreement. Further improvement of the system includes the development of user-friendly software for modeling, data analysis tools, and packaging suitable for field transportation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Talanta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - FLUE gases
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - Aerosol measurements
KW  - Lorentzian model
KW  - Metal-laden aerosol
N1  - Accession Number: 11002742; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 61 Issue 2, p127; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: FLUE gases; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lorentzian model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal-laden aerosol; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00243-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vestel, Michael J.
AU  - Grummon, David S.
AU  - Gronsky, Ronald
AU  - Pisano, Albert P.
T1  - Effect of temperature on the devitrification kinetics of NiTi films
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 51
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5309
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The effect of isothermal devitrification temperature on the reaction kinetics and the microstructure of freestanding NiTi films have been studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The minimum temperature for complete crystallization of amorphous sputtered films was found to be 400 °C, and analysis of the nucleation kinetics yielded Avrami exponents between 2 and 3 for all films. Crystalline grains always nucleated first at the surface, grew laterally until impingement, then grew inward to form columnar grains. Surface roughness delayed the onset of surface nucleation. In very smooth surfaced films, multiple DSC exotherms heralded repeated nucleation of new wide, flat grains within the film interior. This secondary microstructure exhibited different kinetics than the columnar grains, and Avrami exponents consistent with a continuous nucleation mode. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Shape memory alloys
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10999386; Vestel, Michael J. 1; Email Address: mvestel@lbl.gov Grummon, David S. 2 Gronsky, Ronald 3 Pisano, Albert P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lab for Ultra Small Technology Engineering and Research (LUSTER), Engineering Division, Berkeley Lab, One Cyclotron Road, MS71R0259, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  3: Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 51 Issue 18, p5309; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape memory alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00389-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flot, D.
AU  - Friese, K.
AU  - Haufe, O.
AU  - Modrow, H.
AU  - Panthöfer, M.
AU  - Reich, A.
AU  - Rieger, M.
AU  - Wu, G.
AU  - Jansen, M.
T1  - Structure Analysis of Alkaline Earth Endohedral Fullerenes M@C74·Co(OEP)·2C6H6 (M = Sr, Ba).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 685
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 40
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Structure analysis of alkaline earth endohedral fullerenes M@C74 (M = Sr, Ba) has been performed by means of XANES and micro crystal synchrotron diffraction. The experimental results from XANES and simulations based on different exo- and endohedral model structures from ab-initio calculations confirm the endohedral character of these compounds. The crystal structures of M@C74·Co(OEP)·2C6H6 (M = Sr, Ba) consist of (M@C74)[Co(OEP)]2(M@C74) units arranged in a distorted primitive hexagonal packing. The molecular structure is ordered and exhibits a high level of localization of the endohedral metal atom. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11188332; Flot, D. 1 Friese, K. 2 Haufe, O. 2 Modrow, H. 3 Panthöfer, M. 2 Reich, A. 2 Rieger, M. 2 Wu, G. 4 Jansen, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: ESRF, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, FRANCE  2: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, GERMANY  3: Institute of Physics of the University of Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, GERMANY  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, 75 Brookhaven Ave, 11973 Upton, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 685 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627982
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ishigami, Masa
AU  - Aloni, Shaul
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of boron nitride nanotubes.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 685
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
EP  - 393
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have investigated electronic properties of boron nitride nanotubes using a low temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) operated at 7K. STM images of the tubes reveal hexagonal lattices or stripe patterns, which can be caused by interlayer coupling or scattering of electronic states of the nanotubes. In addition, scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements indicate that the tubes have band gaps exceeding 4 eV, and reveal van Hove singularities confirming the one-dimensional nature of electronic states of the nanotubes. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - BORON nitride
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11188258; Ishigami, Masa 1,2 Aloni, Shaul 1,2 Zettl, A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of  California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Materials Sciences Division,  Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720 USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 685 Issue 1, p389; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: BORON nitride; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1628056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regan, B. C.
AU  - Aloni, S.
AU  - Huard, B.
AU  - Fennimore, A.
AU  - Ritchie, R. O.
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Nanowicks: Nanotubes as Tracks for Mass Transfer.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 685
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 612
EP  - 615
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have used a manipulation stage to electrically contact individual nanotube bundles coated with metal nanoparticles for in-situ studies in a transmission electron microscope. When electrical current is passed through a bundle, unusual mass transport is observed along that bundle. Nanocrystals melt and disappear from a given section, with a correlated growth of similar nanoparticles further along the bundle. This unusual phenomenon, termed nanowicking, may provide a method for controlled nanoscale mass transport. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - MASS transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 11188213; Regan, B. C. 1,2 Aloni, S. 1,2 Huard, B. 1,2 Fennimore, A. 1,2 Ritchie, R. O. 1,2 Zettl, A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Berkeley  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720  U.S.A.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 685 Issue 1, p612; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1628101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wanga, Qi
AU  - Shaheen, Sean F.
AU  - Williams, Evan L.
AU  - Jabbour, Ghassan E.
T1  - Hybrid organic-inorganic photoconductive diode.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 83
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3404
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A hybrid organic-inorganic diode has been fabricated by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition of low process temperature (<140 °C) hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) onto a spin-coated layer of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK). The hybrid device was found to be a photoconductive diode with a high photosensitivity of near 700, a high photogain of over 100, and a response time of 500 μs. The high photosensitivity of the a-Si:H intrinsic layer and the large barrier for carrier injection at the PVK/a-Si:H interface are responsible for the good performance. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DIODES
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CARBAZOLE
N1  - Accession Number: 11097765; Wanga, Qi 1; Email Address: qi_wang@nrel.gov Shaheen, Sean F. 1 Williams, Evan L. 2 Jabbour, Ghassan E. 2; Email Address: gej@optics.arizona.edu; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401.  2: Optical Sciences Center University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721.; Source Info: 10/20/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 16, p3404; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CARBAZOLE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619559
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guloy, Arnold M.
AU  - Mudring, Anja-Verena
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Nine Hexagonal Ca[sub 5]Pb[sub 3]Z Phases in Stuffed Mn[sub 5]Si[sub 3]-Type Structures with Transition Metal Interstitial Atoms Z. Problems with Classical Valence States in Possible Zintl Phases.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 42
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6673
EP  - 6681
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Examines a series of Ca[sub 5]Pb[sub 3]Z phases for three-dimensional metal Z that exhibit simple stuffed Mn[sub 5]Si[sub 3]-type structures.  Valence electronic requirements of formal Pb[sup -4] anions; Hexagonal crystal structures; Magnetic moment; Ferromagnetism; Temperature-independent Pauli paramagnetism; Ab initio band structure calculations.
KW  - CALCIUM alloys
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - PARAMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 11337075; Guloy, Arnold M. 1 Mudring, Anja-Verena 2 Corbett, John D. 2; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Texas  2: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory—DOE, Iowa State University; Source Info: 10/20/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 21, p6673; Subject Term: CALCIUM alloys; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PARAMAGNETISM; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brady, Erik D.
AU  - Clark, David L.
AU  - Gordon, John C.
AU  - Hay, P. Jeffrey
AU  - Keogh, D. Webster
AU  - Poli, Rinaldo
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Watkin, John G.
T1  - Tris(bis(trimethylsily)amido)samarium: X-ray Structure and DFT Study.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 42
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6682
EP  - 6690
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Investigates the compound tris(bis(trimethylsilyl)amido)samarium experimentally by X-ray crystallography and computationally by density functional theory.  Trigonal pyramidal configuration; Presence of agostic interactions; Bond length; Relevance of electrostatic terms in the agostic interaction.
KW  - SAMARIUM
KW  - NITROGEN compounds
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - X-ray crystallography
N1  - Accession Number: 11337076; Brady, Erik D. 1 Clark, David L. 2 Gordon, John C. 1 Hay, P. Jeffrey 3 Keogh, D. Webster 1; Email Address: wkeogh@lanl.gov Poli, Rinaldo 4 Scott, Brian L. 1 Watkin, John G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Nuclear Materials Technology Division and G.T. Seaborg Institute, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  4: Laboratoire de Synthèse et d'Electrosynthèse Oraganométalliques, Faculté de Sciences "Gabriel", Université de Bourgogne, France; Source Info: 10/20/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 21, p6682; Subject Term: SAMARIUM; Subject Term: NITROGEN compounds; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bin Li
AU  - Mudring, Anja-Verena
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Valence Compounds versus Metals. Synthesis, Characterization, and Electronic Structures of Cubic Ae[sub 4]Pn[sub 3] Phases in the Systems Ae = Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu; Pn = As, Sb, Bi.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 42
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6940
EP  - 6945
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Discusses the preparation of the isostructural compounds Sr[sub 4]Bi[sub 3], Ba[sub 4]Bi[sub 3] and Ba[sub 4]As[∼2.60] by direct reactions of the corresponding elements and their structures.  Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis; Magnetic susceptibility and resistivities; Electronic structure; Valence band.
KW  - INORGANIC compounds
KW  - STRONTIUM compounds
KW  - BARIUM compounds
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11337102; Bin Li 1 Mudring, Anja-Verena 1 Corbett, John D. 1; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University; Source Info: 10/20/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 21, p6940; Subject Term: INORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: STRONTIUM compounds; Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuh, Christopher A.
AU  - Anderson, Kelly
AU  - Orme, Christine
T1  - Rapid assessment of anisotropic surface processes: experiments on the corrosion of Inconel 600
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 544
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We present a general experimental method for rapid characterization of surface processes on crystals of many orientations. By correlating maps of crystallographic orientation (obtained by electron backscatter diffraction methods) with those of surface topography (obtained by atomic force microscopy), we illustrate how a surface property can be elucidated on many off-principle crystal surfaces from a single polycrystalline specimen. For the corrosion of Inconel 600 in a dilute aqueous solution of HCl, we find that corrosion rates scale with the deviation angle of the surface normal from an ideal 〈1 1 1〉 direction. The use of atomic force microscopy can also provide mechanistic details about the surface process in question. For Inconel 600, we correlate the surface oxide morphology directly to the orientation of the underlying crystal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - and topography
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11001137; Schuh, Christopher A. 1; Email Address: schuh@mit.edu Anderson, Kelly 2 Orme, Christine 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 8-211, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Chemistry and Material Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 544 Issue 2/3, p183; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.07.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mattsson, Thomas R.
AU  - Paddison, Stephen J.
T1  - Methanol at the water–platinum interface studied by ab initio molecular dynamics
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 544
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - L697
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The adsorption and initial dehydrogenation of methanol on Pt(1 1 1) is examined using ab initio molecular dynamics. The simulations reveal that in solution the methanol molecule orientates with the CH3 group towards the surface, in contrast to the vacuum adsorption geometry. Our calculations also show that in vacuum the initial dehydrogenation step of CH3OH → CH2OH + H has an energy barrier of only 0.45 eV, in good agreement with experimental results. We find a lowering and smearing of high-frequency hydrogen modes as a result of the methanol–surface interaction. The inclusion of hydration introduces additional effects and is necessary for a realistic treatment of the system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - DEHYDROGENATION
KW  - Alcohols
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Electrochemical methods
KW  - Platinum
N1  - Accession Number: 11001124; Mattsson, Thomas R. 1; Email Address: trmatts@sandia.gov Paddison, Stephen J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Surface and Interface Science Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 544 Issue 2/3, pL697; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alcohols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.07.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ciobanu, C.V.
AU  - Shenoy, V.B.
AU  - Wang, C.Z.
AU  - Ho, K.M.
T1  - Structure and stability of the Si(1 0 5) surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 544
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - L715
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Recent experimental studies have shown that well-annealed, unstrained Si(1 0 5) surfaces appear disordered and atomically rough when imaged using scanning tunnelling microscopy. We construct new models for the Si(1 0 5) surface that are based on single- and double-height steps separated by Si(0 0 1) terraces, and propose that the observed surface disorder of Si(1 0 5) originates from the presence of several structural models with different atomic-scale features but similar energies. This degeneracy can be removed by applying compressive strains, a result that is consistent with recent observations of the structure of the Ge/Si(1 0 5) surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Semi-empirical models and model calculations
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface energy
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 11001127; Ciobanu, C.V. 1 Shenoy, V.B. 1; Email Address: shenoyv@engin.brown.edu Wang, C.Z. 2 Ho, K.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA  2: Ames Laboratory––US Department of Energy and Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 544 Issue 2/3, pL715; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-empirical models and model calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallagher, M.E.
AU  - Lucas, C.A.
AU  - Stamenković, V.
AU  - Marković, N.M.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
T1  - Surface structure and relaxation at the Pt3Sn(1 1 1)/electrolyte interface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/10/20/
VL  - 544
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - L729
SN  - 00396028
AB  - In situ surface X-ray scattering (SXS) measurements have been performed to determine the surface structure of Pt3Sn(1 1 1) in sulfuric acid electrolyte. Potentiodynamic measurements indicate that the ultra high vacuum (UHV) prepared <f>p</f>(2 × 2) alloy surface structure is stable upon transfer to electrolyte and remains stable during subsequent cycling of the applied potential. A detailed structural study by crystal truncation rod (CTR) analysis shows that the surface layer of Pt and Sn atoms undergoes an expansion of ∼2% of the (1 1 1) layer spacing at low potential (0.05 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode) in CO-free electrolyte. At 0.55 V the expansion of the Pt atoms is reduced to ∼0.6%, whereas the Sn atoms are expanded by ∼6% of the layer spacing. The potential-induced buckling of the surface layer is also observed in CO-saturated electrolyte and is a precursor to Sn dissolution which occurs at ∼1.0 V, causing irreversible roughening of the surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - SOLID-liquid interfaces
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - SULFURIC acid
KW  - Alloys
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Solid–liquid interfaces
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
KW  - X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 11001131; Gallagher, M.E. 1 Lucas, C.A. 1; Email Address: clucas@liv.ac.uk Stamenković, V. 2 Marković, N.M. 2 Ross, P.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 544 Issue 2/3, pL729; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: SOLID-liquid interfaces; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: SULFURIC acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–liquid interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - Reply to comment on ‘characterizing unpaired electrons from the one-particle density matrix’
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/21/
VL  - 380
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 488
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The different behavior of two definitions of the unpaired electron distribution in a molecule for small and large natural orbital occupation numbers are contrasted based on theory and three examples: O2 dissociation, the triplet state of He, and benzene. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ELECTRON configuration
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11042521; Head-Gordon, Martin 1; Email Address: mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 380 Issue 3/4, p488; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: ELECTRON configuration; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.09.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taatjes, C.A.
T1  - Erratum to: ‘Infrared frequency-modulation measurements of absolute rate coefficients for Cl + HD <f>→</f> HCl (DCl) + D(H) between 295 and 700 K’ [Chem. Phys. Lett. 306 (1999) 33–40]
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/21/
VL  - 380
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 490
SN  - 00092614
N1  - Accession Number: 11042522; Taatjes, C.A. 1; Email Address: cataatj@ca.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, MS 9055, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 380 Issue 3/4, p490; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.08.122
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Page, M. J.
AU  - Soria, R.
AU  - Wu, K.
AU  - Mason, K. 0.
AU  - Cordova, F. A.
AU  - Priedhorsky, W. C.
T1  - XMM–Newton RGS spectroscopy of LMC X-3.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/21/
VL  - 345
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 639
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present soft X-ray spectroscopy of the black hole binary LMC X-3 from the XMM–Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer. The observations span the full range of spectral states seen in LMC X-3. The spectra are completely dominated by continuum emission, and the neutral absorbing column measured from the O  i edge is consistent with the Galactic interstellar column density towards LMC X-3. We find no evidence for variability of the neutral absorbing column. We also constrain the ionized column density using the upper limits to the equivalent width of the O  ii–O  viii K-shell resonance lines: we find that the equivalent hydrogen column density of gas in which O is partially ionized is . From this upper limit we can rule out a line-driven stellar wind as the power source for the X-ray emission of LMC X-3 except when it is faint. At wavelengths longward of the peak emission the spectral shape is well described by a multitemperature disc–blackbody spectrum; the power-law component, which dominates at shorter wavelengths, does not continue longward of the disc–blackbody peak. This implies that the multitemperature disc–blackbody component supplies the seed photons that are Compton upscattered in the hot corona, consistent with the standard paradigm for black hole X-ray binary spectral states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - BLACK holes (Astronomy)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - INTERSTELLAR matter
KW  - STELLAR winds
KW  - accretion
KW  - accretion discs
KW  - binaries: general
KW  - black hole physics
KW  - galaxies: Seyfert.
KW  - outflows
KW  - stars: early- type
KW  - stars: winds
N1  - Accession Number: 11055115; Page, M. J. 1; Email Address: mjp@mssl.ucl.ac.uk Soria, R. 1 Wu, K. 1 Mason, K. 0. 1 Cordova, F. A. 2 Priedhorsky, W. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, CA 93106, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 10/21/2003, Vol. 345 Issue 2, p639; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: BLACK holes (Astronomy); Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: INTERSTELLAR matter; Subject Term: STELLAR winds; Author-Supplied Keyword: accretion; Author-Supplied Keyword: accretion discs; Author-Supplied Keyword: binaries: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: black hole physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: Seyfert.; Author-Supplied Keyword: outflows; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: early- type; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: winds; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06967.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batarin, V.A.
AU  - Brennan, T.
AU  - Butler, J.
AU  - Cheung, H.
AU  - Datsko, V.S.
AU  - Davidenko, A.M.
AU  - Derevschikov, A.A.
AU  - Dzhelyadin, R.I.
AU  - Fomin, Y.V.
AU  - Frolov, V.
AU  - Goncharenko, Y.M.
AU  - Grishin, V.N.
AU  - Kachanov, V.A.
AU  - Khodyrev, V.Y.
AU  - Khroustalev, K.
AU  - Konoplyannikov, A.K.
AU  - Konstantinov, A.S.
AU  - Kravtsov, V.I.
AU  - Kubota, Y.
AU  - Leontiev, V.M.
T1  - Study of radiation damage in lead tungstate crystals using intense high-energy beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/10/21/
VL  - 512
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 488
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report on the effects of radiation on the light output of lead tungstate crystals. The crystals were irradiated by pure, intense high-energy electron and hadron beams as well as by a mixture of hadrons, neutrons and gammas. The crystals were manufactured in Bogoroditsk, Apatity (both Russia), and Shanghai (China). These studies were carried out at the 70-GeV proton accelerator in Protvino. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - GAMMA ray detectors
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Color centers
KW  - Lead tungstate
KW  - Radiation hardness
KW  - Scintillating crystal
N1  - Accession Number: 11042403; Batarin, V.A. 1 Brennan, T. 2 Butler, J. 2 Cheung, H. 2 Datsko, V.S. 1 Davidenko, A.M. 1 Derevschikov, A.A. 1 Dzhelyadin, R.I. 1 Fomin, Y.V. 1 Frolov, V. 3 Goncharenko, Y.M. 1 Grishin, V.N. 1 Kachanov, V.A. 1 Khodyrev, V.Y. 1 Khroustalev, K. 4 Konoplyannikov, A.K. 1 Konstantinov, A.S. 1 Kravtsov, V.I. 1 Kubota, Y. 3 Leontiev, V.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  4: Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1130, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 512 Issue 3, p488; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: GAMMA ray detectors; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Color centers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead tungstate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillating crystal; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)02014-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bytautas, Laimutis
AU  - Ivanic, Joseph
AU  - Ruedenberg, Klaus
T1  - Split-localized orbitals can yield stronger configuration interaction convergence than natural orbitals.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 8217
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The convergence of configuration interaction (CI) expansions depends upon the orbitals from which the configurations are formed. Since their introduction half a century ago, natural orbitals have gained an increasing popularity for generating rapidly converging CI expansions and the notion has become widespread that they always yield the fastest CI convergence. It is shown here that, in fact, certain localized orbitals often yield a better CI convergence than natural orbitals, as measured by a wave function criterion as well as by an energy criterion. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORBITS
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - CONFIGURATION space
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 11054647; Bytautas, Laimutis 1 Ivanic, Joseph 1 Ruedenberg, Klaus 1; Email Address: ruedenberg@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 10/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 16, p8217; Subject Term: ORBITS; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: CONFIGURATION space; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1610434
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin Yang
AU  - Xue-Bin Wang
AU  - Lai-Sheng Wang
AU  - Niu, Shuqiang
AU  - Ichiye, Toshiko
T1  - On the electronic structures of gaseous transition metal halide complexes, FeX[sub 4][sup -] and MX[sub 3][sup -] (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, X=Cl, Br), using photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 8311
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report a photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and theoretical study on a series of transition metal halide complexes: FeX[sub 4][sup -] and MX[sub 3][sup -] (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, X=Cl, Br). PES spectra were obtained at two photon energies (193 and 157 nm), revealing the complicated electronic structures of these metal complexes and their variation with the ligand-field geometry and metal center substitution. Density functional calculations were carried out to obtain information about the structures, energetics, and molecular orbitals of the metal complexes and used to interpret the PES spectra. For the tetrahedrally coordinated ferric complexes (FeX[sub 4][sup -]), the PES data directly confirm the “inverted level scheme” electronic structure, where the Fe 3d electrons lie below those of the ligands due to a strong spin-polarization of the Fe 3d levels. For the three-coordinate complexes (MX[sub 3][sup -]), the calculations also revealed strong spin polarizations, but the molecular orbital diagrams present a “mixed level scheme,” in which the ligand orbitals and the Fe 3d majority spin orbitals are spaced closely in the same energy regions. This “mixed level scheme” is due to the larger splitting of the 3d orbitals in the stronger D[sub 3h] ligand field and the smaller spin polarizations of the divalent metal centers. The calculations show that the metal 3d orbitals are stabilized gradually relative to the ligand orbitals from Mn to Ni in the tri-halide complexes consistent with the PES spectral patterns. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - TRANSITION metal halides
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 11054636; Xin Yang 1,2 Xue-Bin Wang 1,2 Lai-Sheng Wang 1,2 Niu, Shuqiang 3 Ichiye, Toshiko 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University Richland, Washington 99352.  2: WR. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory; MS K8-88, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland Washington 99352.  3: School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University; Pullman, Washington 99164-4660, and Department of Chemistry; Georgetown University Washington, DC 20057-1227.; Source Info: 10/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 16, p8311; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal halides; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1610431
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooi, Terrill A.
AU  - Nakajima, Koichi
AU  - Mostefaoui, Toufik A.
AU  - Qi, Fei
AU  - Mcllroy, Andrew
AU  - Westmoreland, Phillip R.
AU  - Law, Matthew F.
AU  - Poisson, Lionel
AU  - Peterka, Darcy S.
AU  - Ahmed, Musahid
T1  - Selective detection of isomers with photoionization mass spectrometry for studies of hydrocarbon flame chemistry.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/10/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 8356
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report the first use of synchrotron radiation, continuously tunable from 8 to 15 eV, for flame-sampling photoionization mass spectrometry (PIMS). Synchrotron radiation offers important advantages over the use of pulsed vacuum ultraviolet lasers for PIMS; these include superior signal-to-noise, soft ionization, and access to photon energies outside the limited tuning ranges of current VUV laser sources. Near-threshold photoionization efficiency measurements were used to determine the absolute concentrations of the allene and propyne isomers of C[sub 3]H[sub 4] in low-pressure laminar ethylene–oxygen and benzene–oxygen flames. Similar measurements of the isomeric composition of C[sub 2]H[sub 4]O species in a fuel-rich ethylene–oxygen flame revealed the presence of substantial concentrations of ethenol (vinyl alcohol) and acetaldehyde. Ethenol has not been previously detected in hydrocarbon flames. Absolute photoionization cross sections were measured for ethylene, allene, propyne, and acetaldehyde, using propene as a calibration standard. PIE curves are presented for several additional reaction intermediates prominent in hydrocarbon flames. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ACETALDEHYDE
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11054631; Cooi, Terrill A. 1; Email Address: tac13@corne11.edu Nakajima, Koichi 1 Mostefaoui, Toufik A. 1 Qi, Fei 2 Mcllroy, Andrew 2 Westmoreland, Phillip R. 3 Law, Matthew F. 3 Poisson, Lionel 4 Peterka, Darcy S. 4 Ahmed, Musahid 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14886.  2: Combustion Research Facility,  Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551.  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003.  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 10/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 16, p8356; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ACETALDEHYDE; Subject Term: LASERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1611173
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dou
AU  - Y.
AU  - Torralva
AU  - B. R.
AU  - Allen
AU  - R. E.
T1  - Detailed Mechanism for Trans-Cis Photoisomerization of Butadiene Following a Femtosecond-Scale Laser Pulse.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 8817
EP  - 8824
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The detailed dynamical processes involved in trans → cis photoisomerization of butadiene have been studied in realistic simulations, employing a technique that is described in the text. Many interesting features are observed, including the following sequence of events:  (i) The initial electronic excitation converts the central single bond to a double bond and the terminal double bonds to single bonds, so the molecule at first rotates about only these end bonds. (ii) There is then a series of rapid nonadiabatic transfers of population among electronic states near the HOMO-LUMO gap, which ultimately result in depopulation of the excited states. (iii) The bonds consequently revert to their original ground-state character, permitting a continuous rotation about the central single bond. At the end, the molecule is essentially in the ground electronic state for the new conformation. The simulation results clearly demonstrate the couplings of C-C-C bending vibrations to nonadiabatic electronic transitions and involvement of hydrogen migration in the molecular orbital intersections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHOTOISOMERIZATION
KW  - BUTADIENE
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11706568; Dou Y. 1 Torralva B. R. 1 Allen R. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, and Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California 94550; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 42, p8817; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHOTOISOMERIZATION; Subject Term: BUTADIENE; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iverson, Carl N.
AU  - Carter, Charles A. G.
AU  - Baker, R. Tom
AU  - Scollard, John D.
AU  - Labinger, Jay A.
AU  - Bercaw, John E.
T1  - C-H Bond Activation by Unsymmetrical 2-(N-Arylimino)pyrrolide Pt Complexes: Geometric Effects on Reactivity.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/22/
VL  - 125
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 12674
EP  - 12675
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Studies selective oxidation of alkanes by aqueous solutions of chloroplatinate salts.  Effect of rate-determining associative displacement of dimethylsulphur by benzene on the reaction; Details of preparation of methyl complexes from N-aryliminopyrroles; Chemical properties of ortho-disubstituted aryl groups.
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ORGANOPLATINUM compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ORGANOSULFUR compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 11421843; Iverson, Carl N. 1 Carter, Charles A. G. 1 Baker, R. Tom 1; Email Address: bakertom@lanl.gov Scollard, John D. 2 Labinger, Jay A. 2 Bercaw, John E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos Catalysis Initiative, Chemistry Division, MS J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory for Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125.; Source Info: 10/22/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 42, p12674; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ORGANOPLATINUM compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ORGANOSULFUR compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewis, Frederick D.
AU  - Xiaoyang Liu
AU  - Yansheng Wu
AU  - Xiaobing Zuo
T1  - Stepwise Evolution of the Structure and Electronic Properties of DNA.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/22/
VL  - 125
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 12729
EP  - 12731
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Examines evolution of the structure and electronic properties of DNA conjugates with covalently attached stilbene chromophores.  Determination of electronic interaction between stilbene with the help of exciton-coupled circular dichroism (EC-CD) spectroscopy; Advantages of EC-CD in the determination of properties of DNA.
KW  - DNA
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - STILBENE
KW  - GENES
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11421870; Lewis, Frederick D. 1; Email Address: lewis@chem.northwestern.edu Xiaoyang Liu 1 Yansheng Wu 1 Xiaobing Zuo 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 10/22/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 42, p12729; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: STILBENE; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cotton, F. Albert
AU  - Dalal, Naresh S.
AU  - Liu, Chun Y.
AU  - Murillo, Carlos A.
AU  - North, J. Micah
AU  - Wang, Xiaoping
T1  - Fully Localized Mixed-Valence Oxidation Products of Molecules Containing Two Linked Dimolybdenum Units: An Effective Structural Criterion.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/22/
VL  - 125
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 12945
EP  - 12952
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Two previously reported compounds [Mo[SUB 2]](CH[SUB3]O)2M(CH[SUB3]O)2[MO[SUB2]] (Cotton, F. A.; Liu, C. Y.; Murillo, C. A.; Wang, X. Inorg. Chem. 2003, 42, 4619), in which [Mo2] is an abbreviation for the quadruply bonded MO[SUB 2][SUP4+] unit embraced by three (p-anisyl)NC(H)N(p-anisyl) anions and M = Zn (1) or Co (2), have been chemically oxidized. One-electron oxidation products [Mo[SUB 2]](CH[SUB3]O)2M(CH[SUB3]O)2[Mo[SUB2]](PF[SUB6]) (3, M = Zn; 4, M = Co) and the two-electron oxidation product [Mo[SUB2]](CH[SUB3]O)2Zn(CH[SUB 3]O)(OH)[Mo[SUB2]](PF[SUB6])2 (5) have been isolated and structurally characterized. As expected, oxidations occur at the dimolybdenum units. The mono-charged cations in 3 and 4 have asymmetric molecular structures with two distinct [Mo[SUB2]] units. In each case, one of the [Mo[SUB2]] units has a lengthened Mo-Mo bond distance of 2.151 [1] A, as expected for one-electron oxidation, whereas the other remains unchanged at 2.11511] A. These correspond to bond orders of 3.5 (σ[SUP2]π[SUP4]δ[SUP1]) and 4.0 (σ[SUP2]π[SUP4]δ[SUP2]), respectively. The crystallographic results thus show unambiguously that in the crystalline state, the mixed-valence compounds (3 and 4) are electronically localized and the unpaired electron is trapped on one [Mo[SUB2]] unit. These results are supported by the EPR spectra. The doubly oxidized compound 5 has two equivalent [Mo[SUB2]] units, both with a Mo-Mo bond distance of 2.14911] A. EPR and magnetic susceptibility measurements for 5 indicate that there is no significant ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic spin coupling and the species is valence-trapped. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC oxidation
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials -- Fluctuations
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11421894; Cotton, F. Albert 1; Email Address: cotton@tamu.edu Dalal, Naresh S. 2; Email Address: dalal@chemmail.chem.fsu.edu Liu, Chun Y. 1 Murillo, Carlos A. 1; Email Address: murillo@tamu.edu North, J. Micah 2 Wang, Xiaoping 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Molecular Structure and Bonding, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012.  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochmistry, and Center for Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390.; Source Info: 10/22/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 42, p12945; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC oxidation; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials -- Fluctuations; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hussey, N.E.
AU  - Abdel-Jawad, M.
AU  - Carrington, A.
AU  - Mackenzie, A.P.
AU  - Balicas, L.
T1  - A coherent three-dimensional Fermi surface in a high-transition-temperature superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/10/23/
VL  - 425
IS  - 6960
M3  - Letter
SP  - 814
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - All conventional metals are known to possess a three-dimensional Fermi surface, which is the locus in reciprocal space of the long-lived electronic excitations that govern their electronic properties at low temperatures. These excitations should have well-defined momenta with components in all three dimensions. The high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) copper oxide superconductors have unusual, highly two-dimensional properties above the superconducting transition. This, coupled with a lack of unambiguous evidence for a three-dimensional Fermi surface, has led to many new and exotic models for the underlying electronic ground state. Here we report the observation of polar angular magnetoresistance oscillations in the overdoped superconductor Tl2Ba2CuO6+d in high magnetic fields, which firmly establishes the existence of a coherent three-dimensional Fermi surface. Analysis of the oscillations reveals that at certain symmetry points, however, this surface is strictly two-dimensional. This striking form of the Fermi surface topography, long-predicted by electronic band structure calculations, provides a natural explanation for a wide range of anisotropic properties both in the normal and superconducting states. Our data reveal that, despite their extreme electrical anisotropy, the high-Tc materials at high doping levels can be understood within a framework of conventional three-dimensional metal physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11158036; Hussey, N.E. 1 Abdel-Jawad, M. 1 Carrington, A. 1 Mackenzie, A.P. 2 Balicas, L. 3; Affiliation:  1: H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, UK  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, UK  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, USA; Source Info: 10/23/2003, Vol. 425 Issue 6960, p814; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1038/nature01981
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brewer, Laurence
AU  - Corzett, Michele
AU  - Lau, Edmond Y.
AU  - Balhorn, Rod
T1  - Dynamics of Protamine 1 Binding to Single DNA Molecules.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/10/24/
VL  - 278
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 42403
EP  - 42408
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Protamine molecules bind to and condense DNA in the sperm of most vertebrates, packaging the sperm genome in an inactive state until it can be reactivated following fertilization. By using methods that enable the analysis of protamine binding to individual DNA molecules, we have monitored the kinetics of DNA condensation and decondensation by protamine 1 (P1) and synthetic peptides corresponding to specific segments of the bull P1 DNA binding domain. Our results show that the number of clustered arginine residues present in the DNA binding domain is the most important factor affecting the condensation and stability of the DNA-protamine complex prior to the formation of inter-protamine disulfide cross-links. The high affinity of P1 for DNA is achieved by the coordinated binding of three anchoring domains, which together in bull P1 contain 19 Arg residues. The single DNA molecule experiments show that sequences containing two or more anchoring domains have an offrate that is at least 3 orders of magnitude slower than those containing a single domain. The use of Arg, rather than Lys residues, and the inclusion of Tyr or Phc residues in the hinge regions between anchoring domains provide additional stability to the complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - DNA
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11520264; Brewer, Laurence 1 Corzett, Michele 2 Lau, Edmond Y. 2 Balhorn, Rod 2; Email Address: balhorn2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Electronic Engineering Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 10/24/2003, Vol. 278 Issue 43, p42403; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Škavrada, Michal
AU  - Jandera, Pavel
AU  - Cherrak, Djamel E.
AU  - Aced, Ahmed
AU  - Guiochon, G.
T1  - Adsorption isotherms and retention behavior of 1,1′-bis(2-naphthol) on CHIRIS AD1 and CHIRIS AD2 columns
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/10/24/
VL  - 1016
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The separation of the atropoisomers of 1,1′-bis(2-naphthol) was studied on CHIRIS AD1 and CHIRIS AD2, two Pirkle-type chiral stationary phases. Satisfactory selectivity was found only on CHIRIS AD2. The ternary mobile phases comprised hexane, dichloromethane and methanol. The effects of their composition and of the temperature on the retention under analytical conditions and on the single-component and competitive isotherms were investigated. The retention of the R- and S-isomers on CHIRIS AD1 and CHIRIS AD2 is controlled by the enthalpic contribution to adsorption, but the effect of the mobile phase on the retention should be attributed mainly to the entropic contribution. The adsorption of the less retained R-isomer is controlled by the achiral interactions, which are the same as for the S-isomer. The single-component and competitive isotherms of the R- and S-isomers are adequately described by the sum of a Langmuir term for the achiral contribution to adsorption and a linear-term characterising the selective or chiral adsorption of the S-isomer in the concentration range experimentally available, i.e. within the solubility limit of 1,1′-bis(2-naphthol). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Separation (Technology)
KW  - Hexane
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Chiral drugs
KW  - 1,1′-bis(2-Naphthol)
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Atropoisomer separation
KW  - Chiral stationary phases, LC
N1  - Accession Number: 10863299; Škavrada, Michal 1; Jandera, Pavel 1; Cherrak, Djamel E. 2,3; Aced, Ahmed 4; Guiochon, G. 2,3; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Nám. Čs. legií 565, CZ 532, 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 3: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 4: IRIS Technologies, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 1016 Issue 2, p143; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Separation (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Hexane; Thesaurus Term: Methanol; Subject Term: Chiral drugs; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,1′-bis(2-Naphthol); Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atropoisomer separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chiral stationary phases, LC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01325-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crozier, Paul S.
AU  - Stevens, Mark J.
AU  - Forrest, Lucy R.
AU  - Woolf, Thomas B.
T1  - Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Dark-adapted Rhodopsin in an Explicit Membrane Bilayer: Coupling between Local Retinal and Larger Scale Conformational Change
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/10/24/
VL  - 333
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The light-driven photocycle of rhodopsin begins the photoreceptor cascade that underlies visual response. In a sequence of events, the retinal covalently attached to the rhodopsin protein undergoes a conformational change that communicates local changes to a global conformational change throughout the whole protein. In turn, the large-scale protein change then activates G-proteins and signal amplification throughout the cell. The nature of this change, involving a coupling between a local process and larger changes throughout the protein, may be important for many membrane proteins. In addition, functional work has shown that this coupling occurs with different efficiency in different lipid settings. To begin to understand the nature of the efficiency of this coupling in different lipid settings, we present a molecular dynamics study of rhodopsin in an explicit dioleoyl-phosphatidylcholine bilayer. Our system was simulated for 40 ns and provides insights into the very early events of the visual cascade, before the full transition and activation have occurred. In particular, we see an event near 10 ns that begins with a change in hydrogen bonding near the retinal and that leads through a series of coupled changes to a shift in helical tilt. This type of event, though rare on the molecular dynamics time-scale, could be an important clue to the types of coupling that occur between local and large-scale conformational change in many membrane proteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHODOPSIN
KW  - PHOTORECEPTORS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DOPC, dioleoylphosphatidylcholine
KW  - GPCR, G-protein coupled receptor
KW  - membrane protein
KW  - molecular dynamics
KW  - rhodopsin
KW  - simulation
KW  - vdW, van der Waals
N1  - Accession Number: 10984687; Crozier, Paul S. 1 Stevens, Mark J. 1; Email Address: msteve@sandia.gov Forrest, Lucy R. 2 Woolf, Thomas B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, USA  2: Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 333 Issue 3, p493; Subject Term: RHODOPSIN; Subject Term: PHOTORECEPTORS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: DOPC, dioleoylphosphatidylcholine; Author-Supplied Keyword: GPCR, G-protein coupled receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: membrane protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: rhodopsin; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: vdW, van der Waals; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.08.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garrell, Monika G.
AU  - Ma, Bao-Min
AU  - Shih, Albert J.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, Edgar
AU  - Scattergood, Ronald O.
T1  - Mechanical properties of polyphenylene-sulfide (PPS) bonded Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/10/25/
VL  - 359
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Mechanical properties, namely tensile and flexural strengths and elastic modulus, of polyphenylene-sulfide (PPS) bonded Nd–Fe–B magnets have been studied from −40 to 180 °C. The ultimate tensile strength (Sut) of PPS bonded magnets decreases with increasing temperature. The tensile strength of PPS bonded Nd–Fe–B magnets was reduced significantly above 100 °C. At 180 °C, the PPS bonded magnets still exhibit a Sut of 16–18 MPa. For bonded magnets with about 60% volume fraction of Nd–Fe–B powder, the PPS bonded magnet shows about twice the tensile strength and half the ultimate strain compared to that of Nylon bonded magnet. At room temperature, the flexural strength is, in general, comparable to the tensile strength. Dynamic elastic modulus measured using the impact resonance method was in good agreement with the elastic modulus obtained from tensile tests. Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses of the fractured surfaces revealed two distinct failure mechanisms. Debonding along the Nd–Fe–B particle and PPS interface is the main cause for failures at 100 and 180 °C. The fracture of Nd–Fe–B particle was observed on the fracture surface of specimens tested at −40 and 23 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROBENZENE
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - TENSILE architecture
KW  - Elastic modulus
KW  - Flexural strength
KW  - Polyphenylene-sulfide bonded magnets
KW  - Tensile strength
N1  - Accession Number: 10504330; Garrell, Monika G. 1 Ma, Bao-Min 2 Shih, Albert J. 1; Email Address: shiha@umich.edu Lara-Curzio, Edgar 3 Scattergood, Ronald O. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA  2: Magnequench Technical Center, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 359 Issue 1/2, p375; Subject Term: CHLOROBENZENE; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: TENSILE architecture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic modulus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flexural strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyphenylene-sulfide bonded magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile strength; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00400-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, M.H.
AU  - Devi, P. Sujatha
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Oouma, Perena
AU  - Parise, J.B.
AU  - Gambino, R.J.
T1  - Towards a magnetic core–shell nanostructure: a novel composite made by a citrate–nitrate auto-ignition process
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2003/10/25/
VL  - 103
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
SN  - 09215107
AB  - The magnetic properties and microstructure in nanocrystalline ferrimagnetic (FIM) Y3Fe3Al2O12 (Al-YIG) powder precipitated during an auto-ignition of a citrate–nitrate gel precursor onto commercial ferromagnetic (FM) CrO2 powders were studied. The synthesis objective was to create an ideal core–shell structure of CrO2 surrounded by Al-YIG with possible application for magnetocaloric applications; however, agglomeration of the acicular CrO2 particles prevented individual particles from complete encapsulation by Al-YIG. This result was confirmed by electron microscopy. Due to the metastability of CrO2, magnetic interaction between the ferromagnetic CrO2 and the ferrimagnetic Al-YIG is found to be mediated by antiferromagnetic (AFM) Cr2O3. Low-temperature magnetic measurement provides distinct evidence of an exchange bias shift in the major hysteresis loop with features that are consistent with interfacial exchange from two kinds of interfaces: CrO2 (FM)/Cr2O3 (AFM) and Y3Fe3Al2O12 (FIM)/Cr2O3 (AFM). Subsequent ex situ heat treatment of the reacted particles accelerates the CrO2/Cr2O3 transformation and produces additional alterations to the low-temperature magnetic hysteresis loops. The results of this work provide evidence that the magnetic couplings at the FM/AFM and FIM/AFM interfaces are flexible under the action of applied fields, a conclusion that may be traced to the unique spin arrangement expected at the phase interfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRIMAGNETISM
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - AGGLOMERATION (Materials)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Antiferromagnet
KW  - Citrate–nitrate auto-ignition
KW  - Exchange bias
KW  - Ferrimagnet
KW  - Ferromagnet
KW  - Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 10863566; Yu, M.H. 1; Email Address: yuminghui90@hotmail.com Devi, P. Sujatha 2,3 Lewis, L.H. 1 Oouma, Perena 2,3 Parise, J.B. 2,3 Gambino, R.J. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Center for Thermal Spray Research, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA  3: Department of Geosciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 103 Issue 3, p262; Subject Term: FERRIMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: AGGLOMERATION (Materials); Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiferromagnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Citrate–nitrate auto-ignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferrimagnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5107(03)00259-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Page, Philip R.
T1  - Scalar glueball-meson mixing.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/26/
VL  - 688
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 142
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A simple introduction to the topic of three-state glueball-meson is given explaining the different limits of the mixing schemes. The generalized Schwinger mass formula and the decay predictions for the different limits are explained. An analytical formula for the valence content is given. It is shown that the lattice QCD results for the decay of a scalar glueball to two pseudoscalar mesons can be explained by a picture where the glueball decays purely via mixing with scalar mesons, which then subsequently decay via the 3P0 model. This picture predicts dominant a1π and significant (ππ)S(ππ)S decay for the lattice scalar glueball. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - MESONS
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 11425976; Page, Philip R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS  B283, Los  Alamos National Laboratory, Los  Alamos, NM  87545, USA.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 688 Issue 1, p142; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: MASS (Physics); Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632202
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pogorelsky, I.V.
AU  - Pavlishin, I.V.
AU  - Ben-Zvi, I.
AU  - Kumita, T.
AU  - Kamiya, Y.
AU  - Hirose, T.
AU  - Greenberg, B.
AU  - Kaganovich, D.
AU  - Zigler, A.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Bobrova, N.
AU  - Sasorov, P.
T1  - Transmission of high-power CO[sub 2] laser pulses through a plasma channel.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/27/
VL  - 83
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3459
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A 5 J, 180 ps CO[sub 2] laser pulse is channeled by a 17 mm long capillary discharge. Plasma dynamic simulations confirm occurrence of optical guiding conditions along a plasma column of a quasiparabolic radial profile with the minimum axial free-electron density ∼10[sup 17] cm[sup -3]. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide lasers
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11123039; Pogorelsky, I.V. 1; Email Address: igor@bnl.gov Pavlishin, I.V. 1 Ben-Zvi, I. 1 Kumita, T. 2 Kamiya, Y. 2 Hirose, T. 3 Greenberg, B. 4 Kaganovich, D. 4 Zigler, A. 4 Andreev, N. 5 Bobrova, N. 6 Sasorov, P. 6; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Test Facility, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York  2: Physics Department, Tokup Metropolitan University, Japan  3: Waseda University, Japan  4: Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel  5: Inst. High Density Energy, Moscow, Russia  6: Inst. Theoretical and Experimental Phys., Moscow, Russia; Source Info: 10/27/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 17, p3459; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide lasers; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622983
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janotti, A.
AU  - Su-Huai Wei
AU  - Zhang, S.B.
T1  - Donor–donor binding in semiconductors: Engineering shallow donor levels for ZnTe.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/27/
VL  - 83
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3522
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In the past, codoping by mixing donors with acceptors has been proposed to lower the dopant ionization energy. However, the level repulsion between donor and acceptor states is weak due to symmetry considerations. Here, we propose an innovative approach to lower the donor ionization energy by combining donor with donor. Using first-principles band structure method, we demonstrated this concept with n-type doping in ZnTe. For example, we find that the Br[sub Te]–Sn[sub Zn] pair has a binding energy of 0.9 eV and a shallow ε(+/0) donor level at 70 meV below the conduction-band minimum, compared to 240 meV for the isolated Br[sub Te] impurity. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ZINC telluride
N1  - Accession Number: 11123018; Janotti, A. 1; Email Address: janottia@ornl.gov Su-Huai Wei 1 Zhang, S.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado; Source Info: 10/27/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 17, p3522; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ZINC telluride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622791
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mandal, Pranab
T1  - Structural disorder in Ti–Fe–Si icosahedral quasicrystal
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2003/10/27/
VL  - 361
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 96
SN  - 09258388
AB  - A systematic structural investigation on rapidly solidified Ti–Fe–Si alloy system with various compositions and processing conditions has been carried out. Transmission electron microscopic studies on as-quenched alloys reveal the presence of various kinds of structural disorder. Different kinds of disorder and the resulting deviation from the icosahedral symmetry have been reported. This appears to be the first report of these results on a Ti–Fe–Si system. Anisotropy in the shape of diffraction spots, strong arcs of diffuse scattering of icosahedral phase in melt-quenched alloys have been observed. The microstructure of the icosahedral Ti–Fe–Si alloys has been characterized. Results have been compared with other known Ti based quasicrystalline alloys and analyzed on the basis of current understanding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM alloys
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Chemical inhomogeneity
KW  - Diffuse scattering
KW  - Icosahedral phase
KW  - Phason strain
KW  - Ti–Fe–Si quasicrystal
N1  - Accession Number: 11002130; Mandal, Pranab 1; Email Address: pranab@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, 322 Spedding Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 361 Issue 1/2, p96; Subject Term: TITANIUM alloys; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical inhomogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffuse scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Icosahedral phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phason strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti–Fe–Si quasicrystal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00433-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abarzhi, S.I.
AU  - Nishihara, K.
AU  - Glimm, J.
T1  - Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities for fluids with a finite density ratio
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/10/27/
VL  - 317
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 470
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We report non-linear solutions describing the large-scale coherent motion of bubbles and spikes in the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities for fluids with a finite density ratio in general three-dimensional case. The non-local character of the interface dynamics is taken into account with a multiple harmonic analysis. The theory yields a non-trivial dependence of the bubble velocity and curvature on the density ratio and reveals an important qualitative distinction between the dynamics of Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov bubbles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SINGULARITIES (Mathematics)
KW  - BUBBLES
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - 52.35.Py
KW  - Coherent structures
KW  - Non-linear dynamics
KW  - Non-local
KW  - Rayleigh–Taylor
KW  - Richtmyer–Meshkov
KW  - Singularities
N1  - Accession Number: 11042450; Abarzhi, S.I. 1; Email Address: snezha@summer8.stanford.edu Nishihara, K. 2 Glimm, J. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  2: Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan  3: Department of Applied Mathematics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 317 Issue 5/6, p470; Subject Term: SINGULARITIES (Mathematics); Subject Term: BUBBLES; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.35.Py; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-linear dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-local; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayleigh–Taylor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Richtmyer–Meshkov; Author-Supplied Keyword: Singularities; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.09.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, Geoffrey B.
T1  - The Status of the Booster Neutrino Experiment at Fermilab (MiniBooNE).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/28/
VL  - 689
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 32
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The MiniBooNE experiment is designed to verify the possibility that the excess of ve observed by the LSND experiment is due to neutrino oscillations. MiniBooNE commenced data taking on September 1, 2003. Over 140,000 events have been recorded with a positive particle focus, i.e. in neutrino mode. While the analysis is vigorously underway and while detector performance appears to be satisfactory, no physics results are reported due to the ‘blind’ analysis approach being taken by the collaboration. Physics results are expected to be released sometime between autumn of 2004 and summer of 2005. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - NEUTRINO astrophysics
N1  - Accession Number: 11188206; Mills, Geoffrey B. 1; Email Address: mills@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Subatomic Particles Group P-25, Los  Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 689 Issue 1, p32; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINO astrophysics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627725
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dodelson, Scott
T1  - Coherent Phase Argument for Inflation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/10/28/
VL  - 689
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Cosmologists have developed a phenomenally successful picture of structure in the universe based on the idea that the universe expanded exponentially in its earliest moments. There are three pieces of evidence for this exponential expansion — inflation — from observations of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background. First, the shape of the primordial spectrum is very similar to that predicted by generic inflation models. Second, the angular scale at which the first acoustic peak appears is consistent with the flat universe predicted by inflation. Here I describe the third piece of evidence, perhaps the most convincing of all: the phase coherence needed to account for the clear peak/trough structure observed by the WMAP satellite and its predecessors. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - EXPANDING universe
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 11188195; Dodelson, Scott 1,2; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,  Batavia, IL 60510-0500  2: Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The University of  Chicago,  Chicago, IL 60637-1433; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 689 Issue 1, p184; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: EXPANDING universe; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627736
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asthagiri, D.
AU  - Pratt, Lawrence R.
AU  - Kress, J.D.
AU  - Gomez, M.A.
T1  - The hydration state of HO−(aq)
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/28/
VL  - 380
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 530
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The HO−(aq) ion participates in myriad aqueous phase chemical processes of biological and chemical interest. A molecularly valid description of its hydration state, currently poorly understood, is a natural prerequisite to modeling chemical transformations involving HO−(aq). Here it is shown that the statistical mechanical quasi-chemical theory of solutions predicts that HO <f>·</f>  [H2O]3− is the dominant inner shell coordination structure for HO−(aq) under standard conditions. Experimental observations and other theoretical calculations are adduced to support this conclusion. Hydration free energies of neutral combinations of simple cations with HO−(aq) are evaluated and agree well with experimental values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - IONS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11113599; Asthagiri, D. 1 Pratt, Lawrence R. 1; Email Address: lrp@lanl.gov Kress, J.D. 1 Gomez, M.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 380 Issue 5/6, p530; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.09.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miyake, Takashi
AU  - Saito, Susumu
T1  - Geometry and electronic structure of rhombohedral C60 polymer
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/28/
VL  - 380
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 589
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Geometry and electronic structure of the rhombohedral C60 polymer are studied by means of density-functional theory (DFT) within the local-density-approximation (LDA). It is found that stacking sequence proposed by Chen et al. is more stable than the original model by Nu´n˜ez-Regueiro et al., although the energy difference between the two is very small. The material is a semiconductor with the LDA gap of 0.68 eV. Conduction bands show dependence on the way of stacking, and density of states has a sharp peak at the conduction bottom. Bond lengths are also calculated and found to be in good agreement with the results of the X-ray structure analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11113608; Miyake, Takashi 1; Email Address: miyake@stat.phys.titech.ac.jp Saito, Susumu 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Oh-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 380 Issue 5/6, p589; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.09.067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wemmer, David E.
T1  - The energetics of structural change in maltose-binding protein.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/10/28/
VL  - 100
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 12529
EP  - 12530
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Focuses on energetics of structural change in maltose-binding protein.  Factors that effect evaluation of detailed structures of proteins and their complexes; Structure of the periplasmic maltose-binding protein from Escherichia coli; Information on the chemotactic response signalling by maltose-binding protein; Correlation between degree of domain closure and maltose-binding affinity.
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - MALTOSE
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11561197; Wemmer, David E. 1; Email Address: dewemmer@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 10/28/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 22, p12529; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Subject Term: MALTOSE; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.2335923100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenig, Fabien
AU  - Simons, Dirk-Jan H.
AU  - Chich, David
AU  - Cowen, James P.
AU  - Ventura, Gregory T.
AU  - Rehbein-Khalily, Tatiana
AU  - Brown, Todd C.
AU  - Anderson, Ken B.
T1  - Branched aliphatic alkanes with quaternary substituted carbon atoms in modern and ancient geologic samples.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/10/28/
VL  - 100
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 12554
EP  - 12558
SN  - 00278424
AB  - A pseudohomologous series of branched aliphatic alkanes with a quaternary substituted carbon atom (BAQCs, specifically 2,2-dimethylalkanes and 3,3- and 5,5-diethylalkanes) were identified in warm (650C) deep-sea hydrothermal waters and Late Cretaceous black shales. 5,5-Diethylalkanes were also observed in modern and Holocene marine shelf sediments and in shales spanning the last 800 million years of the geological record. The carbon number distribution of BAQCs indicates a biological origin. These compounds were observed but not identified in previous studies of 2.0 billion- to 2.2 billion-year-old metasediments and were commonly misidentified in other sediment samples, indicating that BAQCs are widespread in the geological record. The source organisms of BAQCs are unknown, but their paleobiogeographic distribution suggests that they have an affinity for sulfides and might be nonphotosynthetic sulfide oxidizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - ALIPHATIC compounds
KW  - MARINE sediments
N1  - Accession Number: 11561205; Kenig, Fabien 1; Email Address: fkenig@uic.edu. Simons, Dirk-Jan H. 1 Chich, David 2 Cowen, James P. 3 Ventura, Gregory T. 1 Rehbein-Khalily, Tatiana 1 Brown, Todd C. 1 Anderson, Ken B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Departments of  Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607.  3: Department of Oceanography, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.  4: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.; Source Info: 10/28/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 22, p12554; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: ALIPHATIC compounds; Subject Term: MARINE sediments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 1O.1073/pnas.1735581100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gore, Jeff
AU  - Ritort, Felix
AU  - Bustamante, Carlos
T1  - Bias and error in estimates of equilibrium free-energy differences from nonequilibrium measurements.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/10/28/
VL  - 100
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 12564
EP  - 12569
SN  - 00278424
AB  - In 1997, Jarzynski proved a remarkable equality that allows one to compute the equilibrium free-energy difference ΔF between two states from the probability distribution of the nonequilibrium work W done on the system to switch between the states, e[SUP-ΔF/kT] = (e[SUP-W/kT), [Jarzynski, C. (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 2690-2693]. The Jarzynski equality provides a powerful free-energy difference estimator from a set of N irreversible experiments and is closely related to free-energy perturbation, a common computational technique for estimating free-energy differences. Despite the many applications of the Jarzynski estimator, its behavior is only poorly understood. In this article we derive the large N limit for the Jarzynski estimator bias, variance, and mean square error that is correct for arbitrary perturbations. We then analyze the properties of the Jarzynski estimator for all N when the probability distribution of work values is Gaussian, as occurs, for example, in the near-equilibrium regime. This allows us to quantitatively compare it to two other free-energy difference estimators: the mean work estimator and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem estimator. We show that, for near-equilibrium switching, the Jarzynski estimator is always superior to the mean work estimator and is even superior to the fluctuation-dissipation estimator for small N. The Jarzynski-estimator bias is shown to be the dominant source of error in many cases. Our expression for the bias is used to develop a bias-corrected Jarzynski free-energy difference estimator in the near equilibrium regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY measures
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11561208; Gore, Jeff 1 Ritort, Felix 1,2 Bustamante, Carlos 1,3,4; Email Address: carlos@alice.berkeley.edu.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Department of Physics, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 10/28/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 22, p12564; Subject Term: PROBABILITY measures; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.1635159100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa
AU  - Foley, Brian
AU  - Burger, Harold
AU  - Anastos, Kathryn
AU  - Minkoff, Howard
AU  - Kitche, Christina
AU  - Philpott, Sean M.
AU  - Gao, Wei
AU  - Robison, Esther
AU  - Holman, Susan
AU  - Dehner, Carolyn
AU  - Beck, Suzanne
AU  - Meyer Ill, William A.
AU  - Landay, Alan
AU  - Kovacs, Andrea
AU  - Bremer, James
AU  - Weiser, Barbara
T1  - HIV-1  in genital tract and plasma of women: Compartmentalization of viral sequences, coreceptor usage, and glycosylation.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/10/28/
VL  - 100
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 12972
EP  - 12977
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Worldwide, 90% of HIV-1 infections are transmitted heterosexually. Because the genital mucosa are the sites of initial contact with HIV-1 for most exposed individuals, study of the virus from the genital tract is critical for the development of vaccines and therapeutics. Previous analyses of HIV-1 in various tissues have documented compartmentalization of viral genomes. Whether compartmentalization was associated with viral phenotypic differences or immune status, however, was not well understood. We compared HIV-1 gp120 env sequences from the genital tract and plasma of 12 women. Eight women displayed compartmentalized HIV-1 RNA genomes, with viral sequences from each site that were clearly discrete, yet phylogenetically related. The remaining four exhibited env sequences that were intermingled between the two sites. Women with compartmentalized HIV-1 genomes had higher CD4+ cell counts than those displaying intermingled strains (P = 0.02). Intrapatient HIV-1 recombinants comprising sequences that were characteristic of both sites were identified. We next compared viral phenotypes in each compartment. HIV-1 coreceptor usage was often compartmentalized (P ≤ 0.01). The number of N-linked glycosylation sites, associated with neutralization resistance, also differed between compartments (P < 0.01). Furthermore, disparities between the density of gp120 glycosylations in each compartment correlated with higher CD4[SUP+] counts (P = 0.03). These data demonstrate that the genital tract and plasma can harbor populations of replicating HIV-1 with different phenotypes. The association of higher CD4+ cell counts with compartmentalization of viral genomes and density of gp120 glycosylations suggests that the immune response influences the development of viral genotypes in each compartment. These findings are relevant to the prevention and control of HIV-1 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENITALIA
KW  - GLYCOSYLATION
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - HIV infections
N1  - Accession Number: 11561280; Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa 1 Foley, Brian 2 Burger, Harold 1,3 Anastos, Kathryn 4 Minkoff, Howard 5 Kitche, Christina 6 Philpott, Sean M. 1 Gao, Wei 4 Robison, Esther 4 Holman, Susan 5 Dehner, Carolyn 1 Beck, Suzanne 1 Meyer Ill, William A. 7 Landay, Alan 8 Kovacs, Andrea 9 Bremer, James 8 Weiser, Barbara 1,3; Email Address: weiser@wadsworth.org.; Affiliation:  1: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208.  2: LOS Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  3: Albany Medical College,  Albany, NY 12208.  4: Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467.  5: State University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11203.  6: University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.  7: Quest Diagnostics, Incorporated, Baltimore, MD 21227.  8: Rush-Presbyterian.st. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612.  9: University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033.; Source Info: 10/28/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 22, p12972; Subject Term: GENITALIA; Subject Term: GLYCOSYLATION; Subject Term: BLOOD plasma; Subject Term: HIV infections; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.2134064100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furuta, Paul
AU  - Brooks, Jason
AU  - Thomspon, Mark E.
AU  - Fréchet, Jean M. J.
T1  - Simultaneous Light Emission from a Mixture of Dendrimer Encapsulated Chromophores: A Model for Single-Layer Multichromophoric Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/29/
VL  - 125
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 13165
EP  - 13172
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The site isolation of two dyes capable of electronic interaction via Forster energy transfer has been studied with the two dyes coumarin 343 and pentathiophene encapsulated by dendrons containing both solubilizing and electroactive moieties. Photoluminescence studies of mixtures of the dendritic dyes show that at high dendron generation, significant site isolation is achieved with relative emission characteristics influenced by both the degree of site isolation and the emission quantum yield of the dyes. Electroluminescence studies carried out in organic light emitting diode devices confirm that color tuning may be achieved by mixing the two encapsulated dyes in a single layer. However, selective carrier trapping by one of the core component dyes can dramatically influence the effectiveness of other components in the device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COUMARINS
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - DIODES
KW  - DYES & dyeing
N1  - Accession Number: 11418991; Furuta, Paul 1 Brooks, Jason 2 Thomspon, Mark E. 2; Email Address: frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu Fréchet, Jean M. J. 1; Email Address: mthompso@chem1.usc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460 and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0744; Source Info: 10/29/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 43, p13165; Subject Term: COUMARINS; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: DYES & dyeing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furuta, Paul
AU  - Fréchet, Jea M. J.
T1  - Controlling Solubility and Modulating Peripheral Function in Dendrimer Encapsulated Dyes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/29/
VL  - 125
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 13173
EP  - 13181
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The synthesis of large dendrons and dendrimers with site-isolated dyes at their core has been explored. The dyes selected for this work were coumarin 343 and pentathiophene, as energy transfer processes prevail when the two dyes are intimately mixed but each should behave independently of the other if site-isolation is achieved. Because the two dyes have very different functional characteristics, a protocol involving orthogonal protecting groups and allowing the use of a single family of electroactive dendrons for their encapsulation had to be developed. The synthetic protocol must balance the need to incorporate electroactive groups at the periphery of the dendrons with the requirement for high solubility and a size sufficient to fully encapsulate the central dye. Because of their poor solubility and tendency to crystallize, dendrens with uniform triarylamine substitution proved unsatisfactory leading to the development of new unsymmetrical dendrons with alternating branched alkyl groups and triarylamine moieties at their periphery. These dendrons, which show excellent solubility and no tendency to crystallize, were assembled into large dendrimers using a modular protocol with the light emitting dye at their core. It is expected that the large size of the dendritic shell will provide effective site-isolation for the encapsulated central dyes enabling them to exhibit their intrinsic emission properties with minimal energy transfer between neighboring core fluorophores when processed in bulk thin films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENDRIMERS
KW  - SOLUBILITY
KW  - DYES & dyeing
N1  - Accession Number: 11418992; Furuta, Paul 1,2 Fréchet, Jea M. J. 1,2; Email Address: frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Californai 94720-1460  2: Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 10/29/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 43, p13173; Subject Term: DENDRIMERS; Subject Term: SOLUBILITY; Subject Term: DYES & dyeing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanner, Peter A.
AU  - Mark, Chris S. K.
AU  - Edelstein, Norman M.
AU  - Murdoch, Keith M.
AU  - Guokiu Liu, Keith M.
AU  - Jin Huang
AU  - Seijo, Luis
AU  - Barandiarán, Zoila
T1  - Absorption and Emission Sepctra of Ce[SUP3+] in Elpasolite Lattices.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/10/29/
VL  - 125
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 13225
EP  - 13233
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The experimental determination of the electronic energy levels for CeSUP3+] in some chloroelpasolite hosts for both the ground 4f[SUP1] and the excited 5d[SUP1] configurations is described. High-resolution f-f absorption and f-[SUP2]T[SUB2g] d absorption and emission spectra have been recorded at Iow temperatures for Ce[SUP3+] diluted into various hexachloroelpasolite lattices. A fluorescence spectrum at ∼50 000 cm[SUP-1] is tentatively assigned to the emission from the highest 5d crystal field level, [SUP2]E[SUBg], of a Ce[SUP3+] impurity in Cs[SUB2]NaErCI[SUB6], enabling the values of all the energy levels of both the 4f[SUP1] and 5d[SUP1] configurations to be given for Ce[SUP3+] in elpasolite hosts. Vibronic structure superimposed on the electronic transitions is analyzed in terms of a simple configurational coordinate model involving the ground and excited configurations. It is found that the difference in the Ce-CI bond length between the 4f[SUP1] and 5d[SUP1] configurations is ∼0.04 Å. Ab initio model potential calculations on the (CeCI[SUB6])[SUP3-] cluster embedded in a reliable representation of the Cs[SUB2]NaYCI[SUB6] host support these conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
N1  - Accession Number: 11418998; Tanner, Peter A. 1; Email Address: BHTAN@city.edu.hk Mark, Chris S. K. 1 Edelstein, Norman M. 2; Email Address: nmedelstein@lbl.gov Murdoch, Keith M. 2 Guokiu Liu, Keith M. 3 Jin Huang 4 Seijo, Luis 5 Barandiarán, Zoila 5; Affiliation:  1: Contribution from the Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR Peoples' Republic of China  2: Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-8175  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, Wisconsin 54702  5: Departmento de Quíimica, C-XIV and Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Source Info: 10/29/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 43, p13225; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
AU  - Georgakilas, Alexandros G.
AU  - Bennett, Paula V.
AU  - Laval, Jacques
AU  - Sutherland, John C.
T1  - Quantifying clustered DNA damage induction and repair by gel electrophoresis, electronic imaging and number average length analysis
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003/10/29/
VL  - 531
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 00275107
AB  - Assessing DNA damage induction, repair and consequences of such damages requires measurement of specific DNA lesions by methods that are independent of biological responses to such lesions. Lesions affecting one DNA strand (altered bases, abasic sites, single strand breaks (SSB)) as well as damages affecting both strands (clustered damages, double strand breaks) can be quantified by direct measurement of DNA using gel electrophoresis, gel imaging and number average length analysis. Damage frequencies as low as a few sites per gigabase pair (109 bp) can be quantified by this approach in about 50 ng of non-radioactive DNA, and single molecule methods may allow such measurements in DNA from single cells. This review presents the theoretical basis, biochemical requirements and practical aspects of this approach, and shows examples of their applications in identification and quantitation of complex clustered damages. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - charge-coupled device (CCD)
KW  - contour clamped homogeneous electric field (electrophoresis) (CHEF)
KW  - double strand break (DSB)
KW  - gigabase pair (109 bp) (Gbp)
KW  - kilobase pair (kbp)
KW  - linear energy transfer (LET)
KW  - megabase pair (Mbp)
KW  - single strand break (SSB)
KW  - transverse alternating field electrophoresis (TAFE)
KW  - unidirectional pulsed field electrophoresis (UPFE)
N1  - Accession Number: 11468318; Sutherland, Betsy M. 1 Georgakilas, Alexandros G. 1 Bennett, Paula V. 1 Laval, Jacques 2; Email Address: jlaval@igr.fr Sutherland, John C. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: UMR 8113 CNRS, LBPA ENS-Cachan, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France  3: Physics Department, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858-4353, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 531 Issue 1/2, p93; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge-coupled device (CCD); Author-Supplied Keyword: contour clamped homogeneous electric field (electrophoresis) (CHEF); Author-Supplied Keyword: double strand break (DSB); Author-Supplied Keyword: gigabase pair (109 bp) (Gbp); Author-Supplied Keyword: kilobase pair (kbp); Author-Supplied Keyword: linear energy transfer (LET); Author-Supplied Keyword: megabase pair (Mbp); Author-Supplied Keyword: single strand break (SSB); Author-Supplied Keyword: transverse alternating field electrophoresis (TAFE); Author-Supplied Keyword: unidirectional pulsed field electrophoresis (UPFE); Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.08.005
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hang, Bo
AU  - Chenna, Ahmed
AU  - Guliaev, Anton B.
AU  - Singer, B.
T1  - Miscoding properties of 1,N6-ethanoadenine, a DNA adduct derived from reaction with the antitumor agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2003/10/29/
VL  - 531
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 00275107
AB  - 1,N6-Ethanoadenine (EA) is an exocyclic adduct formed from DNA reaction with the antitumor agent, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). To understand the role of this adduct in the mechanism of mutagenicity or carcinogenicity by BCNU, an oligonucleotide with a site-specific EA was synthesized using phosphoramidite chemistry. We now report the in vitro miscoding properties of EA in translesion DNA synthesis catalyzed by mammalian DNA polymerases (pols) α, β, η and ι. These data were also compared with those obtained for the structurally related exocyclic adduct, 1,N6-ethenoadenine (&epsiv;A). Using a primer extension assay, both pols α and β were primarily blocked by EA or &epsiv;A with very minor extension. Pol η, a member of the Y family of polymerases, was capable of catalyzing a significant amount of bypass across both adducts. Pol η incorporated all four nucleotides opposite EA and &epsiv;A, but with differential preferences and mainly in an error-prone manner. Human pol ι, a paralog of human pol η, was blocked by both adducts with a very small amount of synthesis past &epsiv;A. It incorporated C and, to a much lesser extent, T, opposite either adduct. In addition, the presence of an A adduct, e.g. &epsiv;A, could affect the specificity of pol ι toward the template T immediately 3′ to the adduct. In conclusion, the four polymerases assayed on templates containing an EA or &epsiv;A showed differential bypass capacity and nucleotide incorporation specificity, with the two adducts not completely identical in influencing these properties. Although there was a measurable extent of error-free nucleotide incorporation, all these polymerases primarily misincorporated opposite EA, indicating that the adduct, similar to &epsiv;A, is a miscoding lesion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU)
KW  - 1,N6-ethanoadenine (EA)
KW  - 1,N6-ethenoadenine (#x03B5
KW  - A)
KW  - BCNU
KW  - Ethano adduct
KW  - Etheno adduct
KW  - pols α, β, η and ι (Polymerases α, β, η and ι)
KW  - Polymerase
KW  - Translesion DNA synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 11468325; Hang, Bo 1 Chenna, Ahmed Guliaev, Anton B. 1 Singer, B.; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 531 Issue 1/2, p191; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU); Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,N6-ethanoadenine (EA); Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,N6-ethenoadenine (#x03B5; Author-Supplied Keyword: A); Author-Supplied Keyword: BCNU; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethano adduct; Author-Supplied Keyword: Etheno adduct; Author-Supplied Keyword: pols α, β, η and ι (Polymerases α, β, η and ι); Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Translesion DNA synthesis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.07.006
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feineman, Maureen D.
AU  - DePaolo, Donald J.
T1  - Steady-state 226Ra/230Th disequilibrium in mantle minerals: Implications for melt transport rates in island arcs
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/10/30/
VL  - 215
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - Measurements of the concentrations of the 238U decay series isotopes (234U, 230Th, 226Ra) have been used to estimate the rates at which magma is generated and transported in the mantle. The usual assumption is that solid mantle minerals are in radioactive equilibrium prior to melting. However, if one or more of the nuclides in the chain is strongly concentrated by a minor mineral, and if the diffusivity of that nuclide is large enough, steady-state radioactive disequilibrium can result in the solid phase. It can be inferred from available data that radium is strongly concentrated in minor hydroxyl-bearing mantle minerals (phlogopite and amphibole) relative to Th, and Ra diffusion in clinopyroxene is fast relative to the typical grain diameter at ca. 1100°C. Consequently, we show with simple analytical models that a steady-state Ra deficiency in clinopyroxene (cpx), accompanied by a complementary steady-state Ra excess in neighboring phlogopite (phlog) or amphibole (amph), is likely to be the normal situation in hydrous mantle peridotite with average clinopyroxene grain radii of ca. 1 mm. The steady state (226Ra/230Th) (parentheses indicating activity ratio) in the hydrous mineral is limited roughly by the mass ratio with clinopyroxene (i.e. cpx/phlog or cpx/amph) and could be as high as 10–100. The exceptionally high (226Ra/230Th) of some island arc lavas could therefore be a result of preferential contribution of phlogopite or amphibole during partial melting of hydrous mantle. This effect may ease time constraints for source-to-surface melt migration at island arcs. Incipient melting of hydrous minerals from channel walls during melt transport and/or late-stage incorporation of phlogopite or amphibole into arc magmas may also contribute to generating high (226Ra/230Th). Steady-state (226Ra/230Th) disequilibrium due to diffusive loss of 226Ra from clinopyroxene is also important for melt/solid and fluid/solid partitioning, and must be incorporated into models relating isotopic disequilibrium to melt and fluid transport rates. Diffusive effects could be important for other U-series nuclides in some circumstances. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - MANTLE
KW  - INTERNAL structure
KW  - amphibole
KW  - diffusion
KW  - disequilibrium
KW  - island arcs
KW  - phlogopite
KW  - Th-230/Ra-226
N1  - Accession Number: 11112743; Feineman, Maureen D. 1,2; Email Address: feineman@uclink4.berkeley.edu DePaolo, Donald J. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA  2: Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics, L-206, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Earth Sciences Division, MS 90R-1116, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 215 Issue 3/4, p339; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: MANTLE; Subject Term: INTERNAL structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: amphibole; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: disequilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: island arcs; Author-Supplied Keyword: phlogopite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Th-230/Ra-226; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00454-0
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Decker
AU  - B. K.
AU  - Macdonald
AU  - R. G.
T1  - Determination of the Rate Constant for the Radical-Radical Reaction CN(X2Σ+) + OH(X2Π) at 292 K.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10/30/
VL  - 107
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 9137
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The rate constant for the reaction of the cyano radical, CN(X2Σ), with the hydroxyl radical, OH(X2Π), has been measured to be (1.4 ± 0.48) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at a temperature of 292 ± 2 K. The error estimate includes both systematic and random error at the level of one standard deviation. The measurements were carried out by simultaneously monitoring the temporal dependencies of the CN and OH radical concentrations on the same photolytic laser pulse that created the transient species. The rate constant was determined by two independent methods of data analysis:  one based on the simulation of CN and OH concentration profiles using a detailed kinetic mechanism and the other based on a new integrated-profiles analysis (Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 1998, 30, 47). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - STANDARD deviations
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11230971; Decker B. K. 1 Macdonald R. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 43, p9137; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: STANDARD deviations; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunietz
AU  - B. D.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
T1  - Manifestations of Symmetry Breaking in Self-consistent Field Electronic Structure Calculations.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/10/30/
VL  - 107
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 9160
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Studies of symmetry-breaking are reported for self-consistent field wave functions applied to three homonuclear diatomics:  F2+, O2+, and Cr2. The results complement and extend existing reports on symmetry-breaking in three main ways. Two of these aspects concern manifestations of symmetry-breaking. First, calculations are reported that show energies at long interatomic separations which are lower than the sum of the atomic limits. This artifactual behavior, observed both with Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham density functional theory, appears to be largely associated with insufficiently flexible atomic orbital basis sets. Second, potential curves with spurious maxima and minima are found, associated with changes in spin-coupling. The third and final aspect, concerns the origin of symmetry-breaking. It is argued that the simplest way to understand symmetry breaking is as a consequence of the incorrect asymptotic behavior of limited wave functions at long interatomic distances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - BROKEN symmetry (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - WAVE mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 11230973; Dunietz B. D. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 43, p9160; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: BROKEN symmetry (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leng
AU  - Y. S.
AU  - Keffer
AU  - D. J.
AU  - Cummings
AU  - P. T.
T1  - Structure and Dynamics of a Benzenedithiol Monolayer on a Au(111) Surface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/10/30/
VL  - 107
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 11940
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We use the universal force field (UFF) developed by Rappé et al. (Rappé, A. K.; Casewit, C. J.; Colwell, K. S.; Goddard, W. A.; Skiff, W. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10024) and the specific classical potentials developed from ab initio calculations for Au-benzenedithiol (BDT) molecule interaction to perform molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a BDT monolayer on an extended Au(111) surface. The simulation system consists of 100 BDT molecules and three rigid Au layers in a simulation box that is rhombic in the plane of the Au surface. A multiple time scale algorithm, the double-reversible reference system propagator algorithm (double RESPA) based on the Nosé-Hoover dynamics scheme, and the Ewald summation with a boundary correction term for the treatment of long-range electrostatic interactions in a 2-D slab have been incorporated into the simulation technique. We investigate the local bonding properties of Au-BDT contacts and molecular orientation distributions of BDT molecules. These results show that whereas different basis sets from ab initio calculations may generate different local bonding geometric parameters (the bond length, etc.) the packing structures of BDT molecules maintain approximately the same well-ordered herringbone structure with small peak differences in the probability distributions of global geometric parameters. The methodology developed here opens an avenue for classical simulations of a metal-molecule-metal complex in molecular electronics devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - GOLD
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11231004; Leng Y. S. 1 Keffer D. J. 1 Cummings P. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 107 Issue 43, p11940; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Nicole F.
AU  - Rawlinson, Andrew A.
AU  - Sawyer, R.F.
T1  - Speed-up through entanglement—many-body effects in neutrino processes
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/10/30/
VL  - 573
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 93
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We study a system containing many particles of identical kinematics with a zero range interaction that scatters one from the other, and with the possible exchange of an attribute. Taking an initial condition in which the attribute is asymmetrically distributed in the regions of momentum space occupied by the particles, we study the rate at which it becomes uniformly distributed, through collisions. We find, in some circumstances, a rate that is much faster than that which would be estimated from cross-sections. This behavior is attributable in some general sense to <f>N</f>-particle entanglement. We suggest applications to neutrino physics, where the attribute is neutrino flavor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO interactions
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 18373408; Bell, Nicole F. 1; Email Address: nfb@fnal.gov Rawlinson, Andrew A. 2; Email Address: a.rawlinson@physics.unimelb.edu.au Sawyer, R.F. 3; Email Address: sawyer@vulcan.physics.ucsb.edu; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA  2: School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia  3: Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 573, p86; Subject Term: NEUTRINO interactions; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.035
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Gouvêa, André
AU  - Murayama, Hitoshi
T1  - Statistical test of anarchy
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/10/30/
VL  - 573
M3  - Article
SP  - 94
EP  - 100
SN  - 03702693
AB  - “Anarchy” is the hypothesis that there is no fundamental distinction among the three flavors of neutrinos. It describes the mixing angles as random variables, drawn from well-defined probability distributions dictated by the group Haar measure. We perform a Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) statistical test to verify whether anarchy is consistent with all neutrino data, including the new result presented by KamLAND. We find a KS probability for Nature''s choice of mixing angles equal to 64%, quite consistent with the anarchical hypothesis. In turn, assuming that anarchy is indeed correct, we compute lower bounds on <f>&z.sfnc;Ue3&z.sfnc;2</f>, the remaining unknown “angle” of the leptonic mixing matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
N1  - Accession Number: 18373409; de Gouvêa, André 1; Email Address: degouvea@fnal.gov Murayama, Hitoshi 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Division, Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 573, p94; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: CLUSTER analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Felinger, Attila
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Overloaded gradient elution chromatography on heterogeneous adsorbents in reversed-phase liquid chromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/10/31/
VL  - 1017
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Overloaded band profiles of phenol were measured on a C18-Kromasil column in gradient elution conditions. The mobile phase used was a mixture of methanol and water. The volume fraction of methanol was allowed to vary between 0 and 0.5. A general adsorption model, which expresses the amount of phenol adsorbed q&ast; as a function of both its concentration C and the composition ϕ of the organic modifier (methanol) in the mobile phase, was empirically derived from previous independent adsorption experiments based on frontal analysis (FA) and frontal analysis by the characteristic point (FACP). Accordingly, the general model was an extension of the simplest heterogeneous model, the Bilangmuir model, to non-isocratic conditions. The low-energy sites followed the classical linear solvent strength model (LSSM), but not the high-energy sites whose saturation capacity linearly decreased with ϕ. The general model was validated by comparing the experimental and simulated band profiles in gradient elution conditions, in linear and non-linear conditions, as well. The band profiles were calculated by means of the equilibrium-dispersive model of chromatography with a finite difference algorithm. A very good agreement was observed using steps gradient (Δϕ) from 0 to 50% methanol and gradient times tg of 20, 25, 30, 40, 60, 80 and 100 min. The agreement was still excellent for steps gradient from 5 to 45% (<F>tg=25</F> min), 5 to 35% (<F>tg=50</F> min), 5 to 25% (<F>tg=50</F> min) and 5 to 15% (<F>tg=50</F> min). Significative differences appeared between experience and simulation when the slope of the gradient (Δϕ/tg) became too strong beyond 3.3% methanol per minute. This threshold value probably mirrored the kinetic of arrangement of the G18-bonded chains when the methanol content increased in the mobile phase. It suggested that the chromatographic system was not in a full thermodynamic equilibrium state when very steep mobile phase gradients were applied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phenols
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Alcohols (Chemical class)
KW  - General isotherm modeling
KW  - Gradient elution
KW  - Heterogeneous surface
KW  - Overloaded band profiles
KW  - Phenol
KW  - Preparative chromatography
KW  - Stationary phases, LC
N1  - Accession Number: 11000535; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Felinger, Attila 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 1017 Issue 1/2, p45; Thesaurus Term: Phenols; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Methanol; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Subject Term: Alcohols (Chemical class); Author-Supplied Keyword: General isotherm modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gradient elution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overloaded band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preparative chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases, LC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01285-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, Jay W.
AU  - Stouffer, Richard L.
AU  - Rodland, Karin D.
T1  - Estrogen inhibits cell cycle progression and retinoblastoma phosphorylation in rhesus ovarian surface epithelial cell culture
JO  - Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology
JF  - Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology
Y1  - 2003/10/31/
VL  - 208
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 03037207
AB  - Estrogen promotes the growth of some ovarian cancer cells at nanomolar concentrations, but has been shown to inhibit growth of normal ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells at micromolar concentrations (1 μg/ml). OSE cells express the estrogen receptor (ER)-α, and are the source of 90% of ovarian cancers. The potential sensitivity of OSE cells to estrogen stresses the importance of understanding the estrogen-dependent mechanisms at play in OSE proliferation and transformation, as well as in anticancer treatment. We investigated the effects of estradiol on cell proliferation in vitro, and demonstrate an intracellular locus of action of estradiol in cultured rhesus ovarian surface epithelial (RhOSE) cells. We show that ovarian and breast cells are growth-inhibited by micromolar concentrations of estradiol, and that this inhibition correlates with estrogen receptor expression. We further show that normal rhesus OSE cells do not activate ERK or Akt in response to estradiol, nor does estradiol block the ability of serum to stimulate ERK or induce cyclin D expression. Contrarily, estradiol inhibits serum-dependent retinoblastoma protein (Rb) phosphorylation and blocks DNA synthesis. This inhibition does not formally arrest cells, and is reversible within hours of estrogen withdrawal. Our data are consistent with growth inhibition by activation of Rb and indicate that sensitivity to hormone therapy in anticancer treatment can be modulated by cell cycle regulators downstream of the estrogen receptor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTROGEN
KW  - OVARIAN cancer
KW  - EPITHELIUM
KW  - Antiestrogen
KW  - ERK
KW  - Estrogen
KW  - OSE
KW  - Proliferation
KW  - Rb
N1  - Accession Number: 11113908; Wright, Jay W. 1; Email Address: wrightj@ohsu.edu Stouffer, Richard L. 1,2 Rodland, Karin D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Division of Reproductive Sciences, 505 NW 185th Ave Beaverton, OR 97006, USA  2: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Biological Sciences Division, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2003, Vol. 208 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: ESTROGEN; Subject Term: OVARIAN cancer; Subject Term: EPITHELIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiestrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: ERK; Author-Supplied Keyword: Estrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: OSE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proliferation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rb; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mce.2003.08.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ridgwell, Andy J.
AU  - Kennedy, Martin J.
AU  - Caldeira, Ken
T1  - Carbonate Deposition, Climate Stability, and NeoproterozoicIce Ages.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/10/31/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5646
M3  - Article
SP  - 859
EP  - 862
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The evolutionary success of planktic calcifiers during the Phanerozoic stabilized the climate system by introducing a new mechanism that acts to buffer ocean carbonate-ion concentration: the saturation-dependent preservation of carbonate in sea-floor sediments. Before this, buffering was primarily accomplished by adjustment of shallow-water carbonate deposition to balance oceanic inputs from weathering on land. Neoproterozoic ice ages of near-global extent and multimillion-year duration and the formation of distinctive sedimentary (cap) carbonates can thus be understood in terms of the greater sensitivity of the Precambrian carbon cycle to the loss of shallow-water environments and CO[sup2]-climate feedback on ice-sheet growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - IONS
KW  - CARBONATES
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
N1  - Accession Number: 11414498; Ridgwell, Andy J. 1; Email Address: andyr@citrus.ucr.edu Kennedy, Martin J. 1 Caldeira, Ken 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.  2: Climate and Carbon Cycle Modeling Croup, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-103, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 10/31/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5646, p859; Subject Term: OCEAN; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CARBONATES; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3509
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W.
AU  - Adams, P. D.
T1  - Substructure search procedures for macromolecular structures.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 59
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1966
EP  - 1973
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - This paper accompanies a lecture given at the 2003 CCP4 Study Weekend on experimental phasing. The first part is an overview of the fundamentals of Patterson methods and direct methods with the audience of the CCP4 Study Weekend in mind. In the second part, a new hybrid substructure search is outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - DERIVATIZATION
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11354413; Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W. 1; Email Address: rwgrosse-kunstleve@lbl.gov Adams, P. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, BLDG 4R0230, Berkeley, California 94720-8235, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 59 Issue 11, p1966; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: DERIVATIZATION; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W.
AU  - Adams, P. D.
T1  - On symmetries of substructures.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 59
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1974
EP  - 1977
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - This paper accompanies a lecture given at the 2003 CCP4 Study Weekend on experimental phasing. With the audience of the CCP4 Study Weekend in mind, an overview is given of symmetries of substructures and the implications for single isomorphous replacement and single anomalous diffraction phasing procedures, as well as difference Fourier analyses. Pointers are also provided to practical tools for working with substructure symmetries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 11354414; Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W. 1; Email Address: rwgrosse-kunstleve@lbl.gov Adams, P. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, BLDG 4R0230, Berkeley, California 94720-8235, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 59 Issue 11, p1974; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
T1  - Twinned crystals and anomalous phasing.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 59
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2004
EP  - 2016
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Merohedral or pseudomerohedral twinning of crystals cannot be identified from inspection of the diffraction patters. Several methods for the identification of twinning and the estimation of the twin fraction are suitable for macromolecular crystals and all are based on the statistical properties of the measured diffraction intensities. If the crystal twin fraction is estimated and is not too close to 0.5, the diffraction data can be detwinned; that is related to the individual crystal specimen. However, the detwinning procedure invariably introduces additional inaccuracies to the estimated intensities, which substantially increase when the twin fraction approaches 0.5. In some cases, a crystal structure can be solved with the original twinned data by standard techniques such as molecular replacement, multiple isomorphous replacement or multiwavelength anomalous diffraction. Test calculations on datacollected from a twinned crystal of gpD, the bacteriophage λ capsid protein, show that the single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) method can be used to solve its structure even if the data set corresponds to a perfectly twinned crystal with a twin fraction of 0.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 11354418; Dauter, Zbigniew 1; Email Address: dauter@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, National Cancer Institute, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 725A-X9, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 59 Issue 11, p2004; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Jichun
AU  - Hu, Bill X.
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
AU  - Shirley, Craig
T1  - A three-dimensional numerical method of moments for groundwater flow and solute transport in a nonstationary conductivity field
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 26
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1149
SN  - 03091708
AB  - A three-dimensional numerical method of moments has been developed for solute flux through nonstationary flows in porous media. The solute flux is described as a space–time process where time refers to the solute flux breakthrough and space refers to the transverse displacement distribution at a control plane. Flow nonstationarity may stem from various sources, such as the medium’s conductivity nonstationarity and complex hydraulic boundary conditions. The first two statistics of solute flux are derived using a Lagrangian framework and are expressed in terms of the probability density functions (PDFs). These PDFs are given in terms of one- and two-parcel moments of travel time and transverse locations, and these moments are related to the Eulerian velocity moments. The moment equations obtained analytically for flow and transport are so complex that numerical techniques are used to obtain solutions. In this study, we investigate the influence of various factors, such as the grid resolution relative to correlation length and the number of solute parcels comprising a source, on the accuracy of the calculation results. It has been found that for the computation of means and variances using the developed moment equations, hydraulic head requires at least one numerical grid element per correlation length scale. At least two grid elements are required for velocity, and 1–2 grid elements for the solute flux variance. Five parcels are required per correlation length scale to approximate the initial solute source distribution. The effects of boundary and hydraulic conductivity nonstationarity on flow and transport are also considered. Flow nonstationarity caused by either hydraulic boundary condition or conductivity nonstationarity significantly influences the transport process. The calculation results of numerical method of moments are compared with Monte Carlo simulations. The comparison indicates that the two methods are consistent with each other for head variance, velocity covariance in longitudinal direction, and mean and variance of total solute flux, but numerical method of moment underestimates the velocity variance in transverse direction. The method is applied to an environmental project for predicting the solute flux in the saturated zone below the Yucca Mountain project area, demonstrating the applicability of the method to complex subsurface environments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOMENTS method (Statistics)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - Method of moment
KW  - Nonstationarity
KW  - Random
KW  - Solute flux
KW  - Stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 11000363; Wu, Jichun 1,2 Hu, Bill X. 1,3; Email Address: hu@dri.edu Zhang, Dongxiao 4 Shirley, Craig 1; Affiliation:  1: University and Community System of Nevada, Desert Research Institute, Division of Hydrologic Sciences, 755 E. Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA  2: Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China  3: Hydrologic Sciences Program, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89512, USA  4: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 26 Issue 11, p1149; Subject Term: MOMENTS method (Statistics); Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Method of moment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonstationarity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solute flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2003.08.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - On importance sampling Monte Carlo approach to uncertainty analysis for flow and transport in porous media
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 26
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1177
SN  - 03091708
AB  - In this study we introduce a new approach named importance sampling or quick simulations. The method has been extensively used in communication theory in estimating probability of rare events. The basic idea behind importance sampling techniques is that certain values of the input random variables (or vectors) have more important impact on the parameters being estimated than others, and if these “important” values are sampled more frequently than others, i.e., sampled from a biased density function, the variance of the estimator can be reduced. The outputs from simulations are then weighted to correct such biased sampling. Two illustrative examples are given to show the general procedure of the importance sampling approach as well as its applicability to subsurface flow and transport problems. In one example we estimated the mean and variance of hydraulic head for one-dimensional flow, and in the other we estimated the probability of a particle’s travel time <f>t</f> less than a given critical value <f>T</f>. In both examples, we compared results from analytical solutions, the conventional Monte Carlo (CMC) simulations, and the importance sampling approach. It is shown that when an importance density function is chosen appropriately, importance sampling techniques may be many orders of magnitude more efficient than the CMC simulations and have a great potential in simulating subsurface flow and transport. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
KW  - GROUNDWATER flow
KW  - Flow and transport
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Importance sampling
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Variance estimation
KW  - Variance reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 11000365; Lu, Zhiming; Email Address: zhiming@lanl.gov Zhang, Dongxiao 1; Affiliation:  1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), MS T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 26 Issue 11, p1177; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow and transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Importance sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance reduction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00106-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - On importance sampling Monte Carlo approach to uncertainty analysis for flow and transport in porous media
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 26
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1177
SN  - 03091708
AB  - In this study we introduce a new approach named importance sampling or quick simulations. The method has been extensively used in communication theory in estimating probability of rare events. The basic idea behind importance sampling techniques is that certain values of the input random variables (or vectors) have more important impact on the parameters being estimated than others, and if these “important” values are sampled more frequently than others, i.e., sampled from a biased density function, the variance of the estimator can be reduced. The outputs from simulations are then weighted to correct such biased sampling. Two illustrative examples are given to show the general procedure of the importance sampling approach as well as its applicability to subsurface flow and transport problems. In one example we estimated the mean and variance of hydraulic head for one-dimensional flow, and in the other we estimated the probability of a particle’s travel time <f>t</f> less than a given critical value <f>T</f>. In both examples, we compared results from analytical solutions, the conventional Monte Carlo (CMC) simulations, and the importance sampling approach. It is shown that when an importance density function is chosen appropriately, importance sampling techniques may be many orders of magnitude more efficient than the CMC simulations and have a great potential in simulating subsurface flow and transport. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Analysis of variance
KW  - Flow and transport
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Importance sampling
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Variance estimation
KW  - Variance reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 11000365; Lu, Zhiming; Email Address: zhiming@lanl.gov; Zhang, Dongxiao 1; Affiliations: 1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), MS T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 26 Issue 11, p1177; Thesaurus Term: Hydraulics; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater flow; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Analysis of variance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow and transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Importance sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance reduction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00106-4
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thatcher, Tracy L.
AU  - Lunden, Melissa M.
AU  - Revzan, Kenneth L.
AU  - Sextro, Richard G.
AU  - Brown, Nancy J.
T1  - A Concentration Rebound Method for Measuring Particle Penetration and Deposition in the Indoor Environment.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 37
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 847
EP  - 864
SN  - 02786826
AB  - Continuous, size resolved particle measurements were performed in two houses in order to determine size-dependent particle penetration into and deposition in the indoor environment. The experiments consisted of three parts: (1) measurement of the particle loss rate following artificial elevation of indoor particle concentrations, (2) rapid reduction in particle concentration through induced ventilation by pressurization of the houses with HEPA-filtered air, and (3) measurement of the particle concentration rebound after house pressurization stopped. During the particle concentration decay period, when indoor concentrations are very high, losses due to deposition are large compared to gains due to particle infiltration. During the concentration rebound period, the opposite is true. The large variation in indoor concentration allows the effects of penetration and deposition losses to be separated by the transient, two-parameter model we employed to analyze the data. For the two houses studied, we found that as particles increased in diameter from 0.1 to 10 µm, penetration factors ranged from ~1 to 0.3 and deposition loss rates ranged from 0.1 and 5 h-1. The decline in penetration factor with increasing particle size was less pronounced in the house with the larger normalized leakage area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC deposition
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - SEEPAGE
N1  - Accession Number: 51674753; Thatcher, Tracy L. 1; Email Address: tlthatcher@lbl.gov Lunden, Melissa M. 1 Revzan, Kenneth L. 1 Sextro, Richard G. 1 Brown, Nancy J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 37 Issue 11, p847; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC deposition; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: SEEPAGE; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ZiMian Wang
AU  - Wei Shen
AU  - Kotler, Donald P.
AU  - Heshka, Stanley
AU  - Wielopolski, Lucian
AU  - Aloia, John F.
AU  - Nelson, Miriam E.
AU  - Pierson Jr, Richard N.
AU  - Heymsfield, Steven B.
T1  - Total body protein: a new cellular level mass and distribution prediction model.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 979
EP  - 984
SN  - 00029165
AB  - Background: Protein is an important body component, and the presently accepted criterion method for estimating total body protein (TBPro) mass--in vivo neutron activation (IVNA) analysis-- is unavailable to most investigators and is associated with moderate radiation exposure. Objective: The objective was to derive a theoretical cellular level TBPro mass and distribution model formulated on measured total body potassium, total body water, and bone mineral and to evaluate the new model with the IVNA method as the criterion. Design: The new model was developed on the basis of a combination of theoretical equations and empirically derived coefficients. TBPro mass estimates with the new model were evaluated in healthy women (n = 183) and men (n = 24) and in men with AIDS (n = 84). Total body nitrogen was measured by IVNA, total body potassium by whole-body 40K counting, total body water by tritium dilution, and bone mineral by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: The group mean (± SD) TBPro mass estimates in healthy women and men and men with AIDS (8.2 ± 0.9, 11.0 ± 1.8, and 10.5 ± 1.1 kg, respectively) with the new model were similar to IVNA criterion estimates (8.9 ± 0.9, 11.1 ± 1.6, and 10.9 ± 1.2 kg, respectively). TBPro mass estimates with the new model correlated highly with the IVNA estimates in all subjects combined (r = 0.92, P < 0.001). The new model suggests that the composite TBPro mass within each group consists mainly of cellular protein (75-79%) and, to a lesser extent, protein in extracellular solids (19-23%) and extracellular fluid (≈2%). Conclusion: The new model provides a non-IVNA approach for estimating protein mass and distribution in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - Radiation exposure
KW  - Proteins in the body
KW  - Cells
KW  - Prediction models
KW  - Nuclear activation analysis
KW  - Potassium in the body
KW  - Body composition
KW  - nutritional assessment
KW  - total body nitrogen
KW  - total body potassium
KW  - total body water
KW  - wholebody counting
N1  - Accession Number: 99028687; ZiMian Wang 1,2,3,4; Email Address: zw28@columbia.edu; Wei Shen 1,2,3,4; Kotler, Donald P. 1,2,3,4; Heshka, Stanley 1,2,3,4; Wielopolski, Lucian 1,2,3,4; Aloia, John F. 1,2,3,4; Nelson, Miriam E. 1,2,3,4; Pierson Jr, Richard N. 1,2,3,4; Heymsfield, Steven B. 1,2,3,4; Affiliations: 1: Obesity Research Center, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York; 2: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; 3: Department of Academic Affairs, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY; 4: Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p979; Thesaurus Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Thesaurus Term: Radiation exposure; Subject Term: Proteins in the body; Subject Term: Cells; Subject Term: Prediction models; Subject Term: Nuclear activation analysis; Subject Term: Potassium in the body; Author-Supplied Keyword: Body composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutritional assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: total body nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: total body potassium; Author-Supplied Keyword: total body water; Author-Supplied Keyword: wholebody counting; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matmon, A.
AU  - Bierman, P.R.
AU  - Larsen, J.
AU  - Southworth, S.
AU  - Pavich, M.
AU  - Finkel, R.
AU  - Caffee, M.
T1  - EROSION OF AN ANCIENT MOUNTAIN RANGE, THE GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS, NORTH CAROLINA AND TENNESSEE.
JO  - American Journal of Science
JF  - American Journal of Science
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 303
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 817
EP  - 855
SN  - 00029599
AB  - Analysis of [sup 10]Be and [sup 26]Al in bedrock (n=10), colluvium (n=5 including grain size splits), and alluvial sediments (n=59 including grain size splits), coupled with field observations and GIS analysis, suggest that erosion rates in the Great Smoky Mountains are controlled by subsurface bedrock erosion and diffusive slope processes. The results indicate rapid alluvial transport, minimal alluvial storage, and suggest that most of the cosmogenic nuclide inventory in sediments is accumulated while they are eroding from bedrock and traveling down hill slopes. Spatially homogeneous erosion rates of 25-30 mm Ky[sup -1] are calculated throughout the Great Smoky Mountains using measured concentrations of cosmogenic [sup 10]Be and [sup 26]Al in quartz separated from alluvial sediment. [sup 10]Be and [sup 26]A1 concentrations in sediments collected from headwater tributaries that have no upstream samples (n=18) are consistent with an average erosion rate of 28 ± 8 mm Ky[sup -1], similar to that of the outlet rivers (n=16, 24 ± 6 mm Ky[sup -1]), which carry most of the sediment out of the mountain range. Grain-size-specific analysis of 6 alluvial sediment samples shows higher nuclide concentrations in smaller grain sizes than in larger ones. The difference in concentrations arises from the large elevation distribution of the source of the smaller grains compared with the narrow and relatively low source elevation of the large grains. Large sandstone clasts disaggregate into sand-size grains rapidly during weathering and downslope transport; thus, only clasts from the lower parts of slopes reach the streams. [sup 26]Al/[sup 10]Be ratios do not suggest significant burial periods for our samples. However, alluvial samples have lower [sup 26]Al/[sup 10]Be ratios than bedrock and colluvial samples, a trend consistent with a longer integrated cosmic ray exposure history that includes periods of burial during down-slope transport. The results confirm some of the basic ideas embedded in Davis' geographic cycle model, such as the reduction of relief through slope processes, and of Hack's dynamic equilibrium model such as the similarity of erosion rates across different lithologies. Comparing cosmogenic nuclide data with other measured and calculated erosion rates for the Appalachians, we conclude that rates of erosion, integrated over varying time periods from decades to a hundred million years are similar, the result of equilibrium between erosion and isostatic uplift in the southern Appalachian Mountains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Science is the property of Kline Geology Laboratory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EROSION
KW  - MOUNTAINS
KW  - GREAT Smoky Mountains (N.C. & Tenn.)
N1  - Accession Number: 11802628; Matmon, A. 1,2; Email Address: amatmon@usgs.gov Bierman, P.R. 1 Larsen, J. 1 Southworth, S. 3 Pavich, M. 3 Finkel, R. 4 Caffee, M. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Geology Department, University of Vermont  2: US Geological Survey  3: United State Geological Survey  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  5: Prime Laboratory, Physics Department, Purdue University; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 303 Issue 9, p817; Subject Term: EROSION; Subject Term: MOUNTAINS; Subject Term: GREAT Smoky Mountains (N.C. & Tenn.); Number of Pages: 39p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 7 Charts, 18 Graphs, 5 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McClain, Maxine A.
AU  - Culbertson, Christopher T.
AU  - Jacobson, Stephen C.
AU  - Allbritton, Nancy L.
AU  - Christopher E.Sims, Nancy L.
AU  - Ramsey, J. Michael
T1  - Microfluidic Devices for the High-Throughput Chemical Analysis of Cells.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5646
EP  - 5655
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A microfluidic device is reported that integrated cell handling, rapid cell lysis, and electrophoretic separation and detection of fluorescent cytosolic dyes. The device function was demonstrated using Jurkat cells that were loaded with the fluorogenic dyes - carboxyfluorescein diacetate, Oregon green carboxylic acid diacetate, or Calcein AM. The loaded cells were hydrodynamically transported from the cell-containing reservoir to a region on the microfluidic device where they were focused and then rapidly lysed using an electric field. Complete lysis was accomplished in <33 ms. The hydrolyzed, fluorescent dyes in the cell lysate were automatically injected into a separation channel on the device and detected 3 mm downstream of the injection point. The total separation time was ∼2.2 s with absolute migration time reproducibilities of <1% and efficiencies ranging from 2300 to 4000 theoretical plates. Results from 139 cells are reported. A small fraction of these cells, ∼9%, were found to enzymatically hydrolyze the loaded dyes in a manner significantly different from the majority of the cells. Cell analysis rates of 7-12 cells/min were demonstrated and are >100 times faster than those reported using standard bench-scale capillary electrophoresis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - CELLS
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 11425017; McClain, Maxine A. 1 Culbertson, Christopher T. 2 Jacobson, Stephen C. 3 Allbritton, Nancy L. 4,5 Christopher E.Sims, Nancy L. 4 Ramsey, J. Michael 3; Email Address: ramseyjm@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332  2: 111 Willard Hall, Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142  4: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697  5: Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 21, p5646; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0346510
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Surface Heterogeneity of Six Commercial Brands of End-Caped C[SUB18]-Bonded Silica. RPLC Separations.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5726
EP  - 5738
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Single component adsorption isotherms of phenol and caffeine were measured on six different commercial brands of end-capped C18-bonded silica columns (five rnonomeric bonded phases: Kromasil, Waters Symmetry, Phenomenex, Hypersil, and Chromolith from Merck; one polymeric bonded phase, Vydac) with the same methanol/ water solution (30/70, v/v) as the mobile phase. Adsorption data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) for all these columns in the same way. Depending on their solubility in the mobile phase, the concentrations used ranged between I and 100 g/L and between 0.35 and 35 g/L for phenol and caffeine, respectively. Twenty-two adsorption data points were recorded over these ranges. In each case, the best isotherm model accounting for all sets of adsorption data is the bi-Langmuir model, all columns behaving as heterogeneous adsorbents despite the end capping. Depending on the column, the high-energy sites accounts for between 30 and 40% and between 4 and 7% of the total saturation capacity for phenol and caffeine, respectively. Except for the polymeric phase (Vydac), the ratio of the adsorption constants on the high-and low-energy sites is constant at around 10 for both phenol and caffeine, corresponding to an average adsorption energy difference of 5 kJ/mol between these two sites. The exact nature of the high-energy sites is illustrated by the following properties: (i) they have a very low selectivity for caffeine, with α[SUBcaffeine/phenol] close to 0.4 for the five monomeric columns, which suggests the complete derivatization of residual silanols; (ii) the high-energy sites account for a large fraction of the surface area of these packing materials (35% for phenol, 6% for caffeine); (iii) there is a small adsorption energy difference between high and low adsorption energy sites (5 kJ/mol); and (iv) the adsorption constants increase with increasing surface coverage of the monomeric columns. Thus, the high-energy sites cannot he residual free silanols of the bare silica. More likely, they are related to the local heterogeneity of the C[SUB18]-bonded-layer structure. Caffeine is more strongly retained on the low-energy sites than phenol (the product q[SUBs], [SUB1]b[SUB1] is larger for caffeine) but the contribution of the high-energy sites (q[SUBs], [SUB2]b[SUB2]) is markedly lower for caffeine than for phenol, despite the larger value of the adsorption constant, b2. Because of a larger molecular size, caffeine cannot penetrate as deeply as phenol inside the bonded layer. This explains the paradox of a stronger retention for phenol than for caffeine on end-capped C18-bonded stationary phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - CAFFEINE
KW  - PHENOL
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11425029; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2 Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600  2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6120; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 21, p5726; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: CAFFEINE; Subject Term: PHENOL; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0301752
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grubisha, Desiree S.
AU  - Lipert, Robert J.
AU  - Park, Hye-Young
AU  - Driskell, Jeremy
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
T1  - Femtomolar Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen: An Immunoassay Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering and Immunogold Labels.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5936
EP  - 5943
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A novel reagent for low-level detection in immunoadsorbent assays is described. The reagent consists of gold nanoparticles modified to integrate bioselective species (e.g., antibodies) with molecular labels for the generation of intense, biolyte-selective surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) responses in immunoassays and other bioanalytical applications. The reagent is constructed by coating gold nanoparticles (30 nm) with a monolayer of an intrinsically strong Raman scatterer. These monolayerlevel labels are bifunctional by design and contain disulfides for chemisorption to the nanoparticle surface and succinimides for coupling to the bioselective species. There are two important elements in this label design; it both minimizes the separation between label and particle surface and maximizes the number of labels on each particle. This approach to labeling also exploits several other advantages of SERS-based labels: narrow spectral bandwidth, resistance to photobleaching and quenching, and long-wavelength excitation of multiple labels with a single excitation source. The strengths of this strategy are demonstrated in the detection of free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using a sandwich assay format based on monoclonal antibodies. Detection limits of ∼1 pg/mL in human serum and ∼4 pg/mL in bovine serum albumin have been achieved with a spectrometer readout time of 60 s. The extension of the method to multianalyte assays (e.g., the simultaneous determination of the many complexed forms of PSA) is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - PROSTATE
KW  - IMMUNOASSAY
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - IMMUNOGOLD labeling
N1  - Accession Number: 11425052; Grubisha, Desiree S. 1,2 Lipert, Robert J. 1,2; Email Address: blipert@porter1.ameslab.gov Park, Hye-Young 1,2 Driskell, Jeremy 1,2 Porter, Marc D. 1,2; Email Address: blipert@porter1.ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Microanalytical Instrumentation Center, Ames Laboratory-USDOE  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 21, p5936; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: PROSTATE; Subject Term: IMMUNOASSAY; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: IMMUNOGOLD labeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac034356f
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friedberg, R.
AU  - Lee, T.D.
T1  - A new proof for the convergent iterative solution of the degenerate quantum double-well potential and its generalization
JO  - Annals of Physics
JF  - Annals of Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 308
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 00034916
AB  - We present a new and simpler proof for the convergent iterative solution of the one-dimensional degenerate double-well potential. This new proof depends on a general theorem, called the hierarchy theorem, that shows the successive stages in the iteration to form a monotonically increasing sequence of approximations to the energy and to the wavefunction at any point <f>x</f>. This important property makes possible a much simpler proof of convergence than the one given before in the literature. The hierarchy theorem proven in this paper is applicable to a much wider class of potentials which includes the quartic potential. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11172052; Friedberg, R. 1; Email Address: rfriedbe@barnard.edu Lee, T.D. 1,2,3; Email Address: chaowq@hp.ccast.ac.cn; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, MC 5208, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: China Center of Advanced Science and Technology (CCAST) (World Laboratory), P.O. Box 8730, Beijing 100080, PR China  3: RIKEN BNL Research Center (RBRC), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 308 Issue 1, p263; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-4916(03)00141-6
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sulaksono, A.
AU  - Bürvenich, T.
AU  - Maruhn, J.A.
AU  - Reinhard, P.-G.
AU  - Greiner, W.
T1  - The nonrelativistic limit of the relativistic point coupling model
JO  - Annals of Physics
JF  - Annals of Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 308
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 354
SN  - 00034916
AB  - We relate the relativistic finite range mean-field model (RMF-FR) to the point-coupling variant and compare the nonlinear density dependence. From this, the effective Hamiltonian of the nonlinear point-coupling model in the nonrelativistic limit is derived. Different from the nonrelativistic models, the nonlinearity in the relativistic models automatically yields contributions in the form of a weak density dependence not only in the central potential but also in the spin–orbit potential. The central potential affects the bulk and surface properties while the spin–orbit potential is crucial for the shell structure of finite nuclei. A modification in the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock model with a density-dependent spin–orbit potential inspired by the point-coupling model is suggested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - Nonrelativistic limit
KW  - Relativistic mean-field model
KW  - Skyrme–Hartree–Fock model
N1  - Accession Number: 11172056; Sulaksono, A. 1 Bürvenich, T. 2; Email Address: tbuerven@lanl.gov Maruhn, J.A. 3 Reinhard, P.-G. 4 Greiner, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Jurusan fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Frankfurt, Robert-Mayer-Str. 10, D-60324 Frankfurt, Germany  4: Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 308 Issue 1, p354; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonrelativistic limit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic mean-field model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Skyrme–Hartree–Fock model; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0003-4916(03)00146-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11172056&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fine, James
AU  - Vuilleumier, Laurent
AU  - Reynolds, Steve
AU  - Roth, Philip
AU  - Brown, Nancy
T1  - EVALUATING UNCERTAINTIES IN REGIONAL PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR QUALITY MODELING.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 106
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15435938
AB  - This review evaluates analyses that are or may be performed to estimate uncertainties associated with air quality modeling used in regulatory planning to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone. The sources of uncertainties in photochemical air quality simulation models (PAQSMs) are described. Regulatory requirements for evaluating PAQSM performance and uncertainty concerns not addressed through standard performance evaluations are discussed. Avail-able techniques for evaluating uncertainties are presented. Experiences with analyses conducted most commonly are reviewed, as are those that might be used in a cohesive model uncertainty evaluation. The review concludes with a call for renewed emphasis on applying current techniques complemented by heretofore sparsely used diagnostic, corroborative, and alternative approaches and enhanced observational databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photochemical smog
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Emission control
KW  - atmospheric transport
KW  - emissions controls
KW  - ozone
KW  - simulation models
N1  - Accession Number: 11470355; Fine, James 1; Email Address: jdfine@usfca.edu; Vuilleumier, Laurent 1,2; Email Address: laurent.vuilleumier@meteosuisse.ch; Reynolds, Steve 3; Email Address: steve@sreynolds.com; Roth, Philip 4; Email Address: pmr9@attbi.com; Brown, Nancy 1; Email Address: njbrown@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric Sciences Department, Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1740; 2: MeteoSwiss, Aerological Station, Les Invuardes, CH-1530 Payerne, Switzerland; 3: Envair, 12 Palm Avenue, San Rafael, California 94901; 4: Envair, 836 Fawn Drive, San Anselmo, California 94960; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p59; Thesaurus Term: Photochemical smog; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: emissions controls; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation models; Number of Pages: 48p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.28.011503.163508
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11470355&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - MacLeod, Matthew
T1  - TRACKING MULTIPLE PATHWAYS OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PERSISTENT MULTIMEDIA POLLUTANTS: Regional, Continental, and Global-Scale Models.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 492
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15435938
AB  - Widespread observations of organic pollutant compounds in vegetation, soil, animals, and human tissue have motivated research on more accurate characterizations of chemical transport over regional, continental, and global scales. Efforts to assess human and ecosystem exposure to contaminants from multiple environmental media have been evolving over the last several decades. In this review, we summarize the development and evolution of the multimedia mass-balance approach to pollutant fate and exposure evaluation and illustrate some of the calculations used in multimedia assessments. The concepts that form the foundation of Mackay-type mass-balance compartment models are described, and the ongoing efforts to use multimedia models to quantify human exposures are discussed. A series of case studies of varying complexity are used to illustrate capabilities and limitations of selected multimedia approaches. We look to the future and consider current challenges and opportunities in the field of multimedia contaminant fate and exposure modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Mass budget (Geophysics)
KW  - Multimedia systems
KW  - fugacity
KW  - mass-balance models
KW  - model evaluation
KW  - pollutant transport
N1  - Accession Number: 11470314; McKone, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: temckone@lbl.gov; MacLeod, Matthew 2; Email Address: mjmacleod@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: University of California, School of Public Health and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p463; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Mass budget (Geophysics); Subject Term: Multimedia systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: fugacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: mass-balance models; Author-Supplied Keyword: model evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: pollutant transport; Number of Pages: 34p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105623
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11470314&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dilling, Lisa
AU  - Doney, Scott C.
AU  - Edmonds, Jae
AU  - Gurney, Kevin R.
AU  - Harriss, Robert
AU  - Schimel, David
AU  - Stephens, Britton
AU  - Stokes, Gerald
T1  - THE ROLE OF CARBON CYCLE OBSERVATIONS AND KNOWLEDGE IN CARBON MANAGEMENT.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 558
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15435938
AB  - Agriculture and industrial development have led to inadvertent changes in the natural carbon cycle. As a consequence, concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere and may lead to changes in climate. The current challenge facing society is to develop options for future management of the carbon cycle. A variety of approaches has been suggested: direct reduction of emissions, deliberate manipulation of the natural carbon cycle to enhance sequestration, and capture and isolation of carbon from fossil fuel use. Policy development to date has laid out some of the general principles to which carbon management should adhere. These are summarized as: how much carbon is stored, by what means, and for how long. To successfully manage carbon for climate purposes requires increased understanding of carbon cycle dynamics and improvement in the scientific capabilities available for measurement as well as for policy needs. The specific needs for scientific information to underpin carbon cycle management decisions are not yet broadly known. A stronger dialogue between decision makers and scientists must be developed to foster improved application of scientific knowledge to decisions. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the carbon cycle, carbon measurement capabilities (with an emphasis on the continental scale) and the relevance of carbon cycle science to carbon sequestration goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - climate
KW  - Kyoto protocol
KW  - measurement techniques
N1  - Accession Number: 11470306; Dilling, Lisa 1; Email Address: ldilling@ucar.edu; Doney, Scott C. 2; Email Address: sdoney@whoi.edu; Edmonds, Jae 3; Email Address: jae@pnl.gov; Gurney, Kevin R. 4; Email Address: keving@atmos.colostate.edu; Harriss, Robert 1; Email Address: harriss@ucar.edu; Schimel, David 5; Email Address: schimel@ucar.edu; Stephens, Britton 6; Email Address: stephens@ucar.edu; Stokes, Gerald 3; Email Address: stokes@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder Colorado 80307; 2: Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, 360 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland, 8400 Baltimore Ave. Suite 201 College Park, Maryland 20740; 4: Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523; 5: Climate and Global Dynamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307; 6: Atmospheric Technology Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p521; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kyoto protocol; Author-Supplied Keyword: measurement techniques; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 40p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.28.011503.163443
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11470306&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Shen, Lixin
AU  - Yang, Jiansheng
AU  - Papadakis, M.
AU  - Kakadiaris, I.
AU  - Kouri, D.J.
AU  - Hoffman, D.K.
T1  - On the smoothness of orthonormal wavelets arising from HDAFs
JO  - Applied & Computational Harmonic Analysis
JF  - Applied & Computational Harmonic Analysis
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 242
SN  - 10635203
AB  - In this paper, we give an estimation for the smoothness of a new family of symmetric orthonormal wavelets arising from Hermite Distributed Approximating Functionals (HDAFs). Their corresponding associated low pass filters are symmetric with respect to the origin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Computational Harmonic Analysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVELETS (Mathematics)
KW  - ELECTRIC filters
KW  - HERMITE polynomials
N1  - Accession Number: 11040003; Shen, Lixin 1 Yang, Jiansheng 2 Papadakis, M. 3; Email Address: mpapadak@math.uh.edu Kakadiaris, I. 4 Kouri, D.J. 5 Hoffman, D.K. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA  2: School of Mathematics Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China  3: Department of Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA  4: Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA  6: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IS 50011, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p242; Subject Term: WAVELETS (Mathematics); Subject Term: ELECTRIC filters; Subject Term: HERMITE polynomials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1016/j.acha.2003.08.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11040003&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinsabaugh, R.L.
AU  - Saiya-Cork, K.
AU  - Long, T.
AU  - Osgood, M.P.
AU  - Neher, D.A.
AU  - Zak, D.R.
AU  - Norby, R.J.
T1  - Soil microbial activity in a Liquidambar plantation unresponsive to CO2-driven increases in primary production
JO  - Applied Soil Ecology
JF  - Applied Soil Ecology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 09291393
AB  - The indirect responses of soil microbiota to changes in plant physiology effected by elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide have the potential to alter nutrient availability and soil carbon storage. We measured fine root density, microbial biomass nitrogen, rates of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification, substrate utilization by soil bacteria and extracellular enzyme activities (EEA) associated with bulk soil and fine root rhizoplanes within a 3-year period at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Free Air Carbon Enrichment (FACE) experiment, situated in a Liquidambar styraciflua plantation. Rhizoplane EEA was similar to that of bulk soil. Prior studies have reported a 21% increase in net primary production (NPP) in the enrichment plots and evidence that additional carbon is reaching the soil system, however we observed no response in any of the variables we measured. These results, which contrast with those from other temperate forest FACE sites, suggest that soil characteristics can influence the magnitude and timing of belowground responses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Soil Ecology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant physiology
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Soils
KW  - Plantations
KW  - Bacterial substrate utilization
KW  - Carbon dioxide enrichment
KW  - Extracellular enzyme activity
KW  - Global change
KW  - Nitrogen mineralization
KW  - Soil
N1  - Accession Number: 11114217; Sinsabaugh, R.L. 1; Saiya-Cork, K. 1; Long, T. 2; Osgood, M.P. 3; Neher, D.A. 1; Zak, D.R. 4; Norby, R.J. 5; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Science Department, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; 2: Lyman Briggs School, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48825, USA; 3: Biology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; 4: School of Natural Resources, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; 5: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p263; Thesaurus Term: Plant physiology; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Plantations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacterial substrate utilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extracellular enzyme activity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen mineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0929-1393(03)00002-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11114217&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arnaboldi, C.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Beeman, J.
AU  - Barucci, M.
AU  - Balata, M.
AU  - Brofferio, C.
AU  - Bucci, C.
AU  - Cebrian, S.
AU  - Creswick, R.J.
AU  - Capelli, S.
AU  - Carbone, L.
AU  - Cremonesi, O.
AU  - de Ward, A.
AU  - Fiorini, E.
AU  - Farach, H.A.
AU  - Frossati, G.
AU  - Giuliani, A.
AU  - Gorla, P.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
AU  - Irastorza, I.G.
T1  - Physics potential and prospects for the CUORICINO and CUORE experiments
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 09276505
AB  - The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) experiment projects to construct and operate an array of 1000 cryogenic thermal detectors of TeO2, of a mass of 760 g each, to investigate rare events physics, in particular, double beta decay and non-baryonic particle dark matter. A first step towards CUORE is CUORICINO, an array of 62 bolometers, currently being installed in the Gran Sasso Laboratory. In this paper we report the physics potential of both stages of the experiment regarding neutrinoless double beta decay of 130Te, WIMP searches and solar axions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OBSERVATORIES
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - AXIONS
KW  - BOLOMETERS
KW  - Axions
KW  - Dark matter
KW  - double beta decay
KW  - Underground detectors
KW  - WIMPs
N1  - Accession Number: 11114175; Arnaboldi, C. 1 Avignone III, F.T. 2 Beeman, J. 3,4 Barucci, M. 5 Balata, M. 6 Brofferio, C. 1 Bucci, C. 6 Cebrian, S. 7 Creswick, R.J. 2 Capelli, S. 1 Carbone, L. 1 Cremonesi, O. 1 de Ward, A. 8 Fiorini, E. 1 Farach, H.A. 2 Frossati, G. 8 Giuliani, A. 9 Gorla, P. 1 Haller, E.E. 3,4 Irastorza, I.G. 7; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Milano-Bicocca e Sezione di Milano dell’INFN, Milan I-20136, Italy  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Firenze e Sezione di Firenze dell’INFN, Firenze I-50125, Italy  6: Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67010 Assergi (L’Aquila), Italy  7: Laboratorio de Fisica Nuclear y Altas Energias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain  8: Kamerling Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RAQ Leiden, The Netherlands  9: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche e Matematiche dell’Università dell’Insubria e Sezione di Milano dell’INFN, Como I-22100, Italy; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p91; Subject Term: OBSERVATORIES; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: AXIONS; Subject Term: BOLOMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Axions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: double beta decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Underground detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: WIMPs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 712110 Museums; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-6505(03)00180-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11114175&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takahashi, K.
AU  - Sato, K.
AU  - Dalhed, H.E.
AU  - Wilson, J.R.
T1  - Shock propagation and neutrino oscillation in supernova
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 09276505
AB  - The effect of the shock propagation on neutrino oscillation in supernova is studied paying attention to evolution of average energy of <f>νe</f> and <f>ν¯e</f>. We show that the effect appears as a decrease in average <f>νe</f> (in case of inverted mass hierarchy, <f>ν¯e</f>) energy at stellar surface as the shock propagates. It is found that the effect is significant 2 s after bounce if <f>3×10−5<sin2θ13<10−2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Pathology)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11114181; Takahashi, K. 1; Email Address: ktaro@utap.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp Sato, K. 1,2 Dalhed, H.E. 3 Wilson, J.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bukyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan  2: Research Center for the Early Universe, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bukyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-015, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p189; Subject Term: SHOCK (Pathology); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0927-6505(03)00175-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11114181&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coombs, Daniel
AU  - Gilchrist, Michael A.
AU  - Percus, Jerome
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Optimal viral production
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
JF  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 65
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1003
SN  - 00928240
AB  - Viruses reproduce by multiplying within host cells. The reproductive fitness of a virus is proportional to the number of offspring it can produce during the lifetime of the cell it infects. If viral production rates are independent of cell death rate, then one expects natural selection will favor viruses that maximize their production rates. However, if increases in the viral production rate lead to an increase in the cell death rate, then the viral production rate that maximizes fitness may be less than the maximum. Here we pose the question of how fast should a virus replicate in order to maximize the number of progeny virions that it produces. We present a general mathematical framework for studying problems of this type, which may be adapted to many host–parasite systems, and use it to examine the optimal virus production scheduling problem from the perspective of the virus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of Mathematical Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIRAL replication
KW  - CELL death
KW  - NATURAL selection
N1  - Accession Number: 11253993; Coombs, Daniel 1; Email Address: coombs@lanl.gov Gilchrist, Michael A. 2; Email Address: mike@unm.edu Percus, Jerome 3; Email Address: percus@cims.nyu.edu Perelson, Alan S. 1; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  3: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, 251 Mercer Street, New York, NY 10012, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 65 Issue 6, p1003; Subject Term: VIRAL replication; Subject Term: CELL death; Subject Term: NATURAL selection; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0092-8240(03)00056-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11253993&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stirling, Brigid
AU  - Zamin Koo Yang, Brigid
AU  - Gunter, Lee E.
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Bradshaw Jr., H.D.
T1  - Comparative sequence analysis between orthologous regions of the Arabidopsis and Populus genomes reveals substantial synteny and microcollinearity.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
JF  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 33
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2245
EP  - 2251
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00455067
AB  - More than 300 kb of DNA sequence from five Populus bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones was compared with the complete sequence of the Arabidopsis genome to search for collinearity between the genomes of these two plant genera. Approximately 27% of the DNA sequences from the Populus genome were homologous to  protein-coding regions in the Arabidopsis genome. BLAST scores and synteny were used to infer orthologous relationships between the Populus and Arabidopsis homologs. The probability that any pair of genes on a single Populus BAC will have orthologs on the same Arabidopsis chromosome is 46%–58%, substantially greater than the 20% expectation if there is no conservation of synteny between the Populus and Arabidopsis genomes. Likewise, the probability that any pair of genes on a single Populus BAC will have orthologs on a single Arabidopsis BAC is 19%–25%, much higher than the 0.1% expected if the orthologs are randomly distributed. These results provide evidence for substantial "pockets" of conserved microcollinearity between regions of the Populus and Arabidopsis genomes as well as for conservation of synteny even when local gene collinearity is not preserved during genome evolution. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Les auteurs ont comparé plus de 300 kb de séquence d'ADN de Populus à la séquence complète du génome d'Arabidopsis afin de déterminer la colinéarité entre les génomes de ces deux genres chez les plantes. Les séquences de Populus ont été déterminées à partir de cinq portions du génome clonées à l'aide de chromosomes bactériens artificiels (CBA). Approximativement 27 % des séquences d'ADN de Populus étaient homologues aux régions codant pour des protéines du génome d'Arabidopsis. Les résultats de comparaison des séquences à l'aide du logiciel BLAST ainsi que la synténie ont été utilisés afin de vérifier l'orthologie entre les homologues de Populus et d'Arabidopsis. La probabilité que n'importe quelle paire de gènes d'un clone unique de CBA de Populus possède des orthologues sur le même chromosome d'Arabidopsis est de 46 à 58 %. Cette probabilité est beaucoup plus élevée que l'espérance de 20 % si la synténie n'était pas conservée entre les génomes de Populus et d'Arabidopsis. De la même façon, la probabilité que n'importe quelle paire de gènes d'un clone unique de CBA de Populus ait des orthologues sur un clone unique de CBA d'Arabidopsis est de 19 à 25 %, ce qui est plus élevé que le seuil de 0,1 % attendu si les orthologues étaient distribués aléatoirement. Ces résultats constituent des preuves que d'importantes zones conservées de micro-colinéarité existent entre les régions du génome de Populus et celui d'Arabidopsis, et que la synténie demeure conservée même lorsque la colinéarité locale des gènes n'a pas été préservée durant l'évolution des génomes.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARABIDOPSIS
KW  - POPLAR
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - BACTERIAL artificial chromosomes
KW  - BACTERIAL chromosomes
N1  - Accession Number: 11487206; Stirling, Brigid 1 Zamin Koo Yang, Brigid 2 Gunter, Lee E. 2 Tuskan, Gerald A. 2 Bradshaw Jr., H.D. 1; Email Address: toby@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, U.S.A.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 33 Issue 11, p2245; Subject Term: ARABIDOPSIS; Subject Term: POPLAR; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: BACTERIAL artificial chromosomes; Subject Term: BACTERIAL chromosomes; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/X03-155
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11487206&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Serquis, A.
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Huang, J.Y.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
AU  - Peterson, D.E.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
T1  - Co–Mo catalyzed growth of multi-wall carbon nanotubes from CO decomposition
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 41
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2635
SN  - 00086223
AB  - We investigated the growth of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) catalyzed by SiO2-supported Co–Mo bi-metallic catalyst in flowing CO at 700 °C. We found that both Co and Mo are present in catalytic particles at the tips of CNTs, but their compositions vary from one catalytic particle to another and significantly deviate from the initial mixing composition. The Co concentration and distribution in the catalytic particle of a CNT largely determines the length of the CNT. The CNT growth process is carbon adsorption on exposed area of a catalytic particle and subsequent precipitation at the CNT-catalyst interface or open CNT wall edges. The encapsulation of a catalytic particle was found to occur by the growth of the open-edged graphene walls around the particle. Two types of long CNTs were observed: one with their CNT walls ended at the CNT-particle interface, and the other with their CNT walls open to the environment. The former have diameters similar to their catalytic particle size while the latter have larger diameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - A. Carbon nanotubes
KW  - B. Chemical vapor deposition
KW  - C. Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11255556; Serquis, A. 1 Liao, X.Z. 1 Huang, J.Y. 1 Jia, Q.X. 1 Peterson, D.E. 1 Zhu, Y.T.; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 41 Issue 13, p2635; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Carbon nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0008-6223(03)00377-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mangel, W. F.
AU  - Baniecki, M. L.
AU  - McGrath, W. J.
T1  - Specific interactions of the adenovirus proteinase with the viral DNA, an 11-amino-acid viral peptide, and the cellular protein actin.
JO  - Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences
JF  - Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 60
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2347
EP  - 2355
SN  - 1420682X
AB  - The adenovirus proteinase (AVP) is synthesized in an inactive form that requires cofactors for activation. The interaction of AVP with two viral cofactors and with a cellular cofactor, actin, is characterized by quantitative analyses. The results are consistent with a specific model for the regulation of AVP. Late in adenovirus infection, inside nascent virions, AVP becomes partially activated by binding to the viral DNA, allowing it to cleave out an 11-amino-acid viral peptide, pVIc, that binds to AVP and fully activates it. Then, about 70 AVP-pVIc complexes move along the viral DNA, via one-dimensional diffusion, cleaving virion precursor proteins 3200 times to render a virus particle infectious. Late in adenovirus infection, in the cytoplasm, the cytoskeleton is destroyed. The amino acid sequence of the C terminus of actin is homologous to that of pVIc, and actin, like pVIc, can act as a cofactor for AVP in the cleavage of cytokeratin 18 and of actin itself. Thus, AVP may also play a role in cell lysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTIN
KW  - CYSTEINE proteinases
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - Actin
KW  - cofactor
KW  - cysteine proteinase
KW  - cytokeratin 18
KW  - precursor protein
N1  - Accession Number: 16765996; Mangel, W. F. 1; Email Address: mangel@bnl.gov Baniecki, M. L. 2 McGrath, W. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 50 Bell Avenue, Upton, New York 11973 (USA)  2: Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11974 (USA); Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p2347; Subject Term: ACTIN; Subject Term: CYSTEINE proteinases; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actin; Author-Supplied Keyword: cofactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: cysteine proteinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytokeratin 18; Author-Supplied Keyword: precursor protein; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00018-003-2318-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16765996&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bratt, Peter J.
AU  - Heathcote, Peter
AU  - Hassan, Alia
AU  - van Tol, Johann
AU  - Brunel, Louis-Claude
AU  - Schrier, Joshua
AU  - Angerhofer, Alexander
T1  - EPR at 24 T of the primary donor radical cation from Blastochloris viridis
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 294
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
SN  - 03010104
AB  - The <f>g</f>-matrix of photosynthetic pigments has been studied in the last decade due to the advent of high-field EPR techniques. It can be observed when the spectral splitting of the principal <f>g</f>-factor components is larger than the linewidth due to unresolved hyperfine splitting and if there is no <f>g</f>-strain obscuring it. For large organic molecules such as the primary electron donor in photosynthetic reaction centers (RC) this usually requires fields above 11 T, or, for fields between 3 and 11 T, full deuteration and/or single crystal work. Here we present for the first time the fully resolved rhombic EPR spectrum of the primary donor of Blastochloris viridis (formerly called Rhodopseudomonas viridis), a purple photosynthetic bacterium containing bacteriochlorophyll <f>b</f>. As was the case for Rhodobacter sphaeroides, <f>g</f>-strain is negligible for this radical up to a field of 24 T. The temperature dependence of the <f>g</f>-anisotropy is presented and compared with that of the bacteriochlorophyll <f>a</f>-containing Rb. sphaeroides and plant photosystem I. A slight shift in the principal components of the <f>g</f>-matrix is observed at temperatures below 70 K, where it becomes more axial. The experimental work is complemented with theoretical calculations for <f>g</f> using the semi-empirical INDO/S method as implemented in the program ZINDO. The theoretical results generally agree well with the experiment. This indicates that a satisfactory description of the anisotropic <f>g</f>-tensor for radical cations of large planar molecules like the chlorophylls as well as their aggregates, e.g., reaction center primary donor special pairs, is possible with this relatively cheap semi-empirical approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC pigments
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - <f>g</f>-Factor anisotropy
KW  - High-field EPR
KW  - INDO/S intermediate neglect of differential overlap/spectroscopy
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Primary donor
KW  - Reaction center
KW  - Restricted open shell Hartree–Fock
KW  - ROHF
N1  - Accession Number: 11113447; Bratt, Peter J. 1 Heathcote, Peter 2 Hassan, Alia 3 van Tol, Johann 3 Brunel, Louis-Claude 3 Schrier, Joshua 1,4 Angerhofer, Alexander 1; Email Address: alex@chem.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Box 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  4: Department of Chemistry and Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 294 Issue 3, p277; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC pigments; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>g</f>-Factor anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-field EPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: INDO/S intermediate neglect of differential overlap/spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Primary donor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction center; Author-Supplied Keyword: Restricted open shell Hartree–Fock; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROHF; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00281-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kirmaier, Christine
AU  - Laible, Philip D.
AU  - Hindin, Eve
AU  - Hanson, Deborah K.
AU  - Holten, Dewey
T1  - Detergent effects on primary charge separation in wild-type and mutant Rhodobacter capsulatus reaction centers
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 294
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 03010104
AB  - The primary electron-transfer processes in reaction centers (RCs) from wild-type and several mutants of Rhodobacter capsulatus have been investigated as a function of the detergent used to extract the RC protein from the membrane. Wild-type and L(M212)H mutant RCs that have been isolated using the detergent Deriphat 160-C both display somewhat slower initial charge separation (longer P* lifetimes) than the same RCs isolated using the detergent LDAO. For the F(L181)Y/Y(M208)F/L(M212)H triple mutant, the differences in the initial charge separation events for Deriphat-versus LDAO-isolated RCs are more significant. In all cases, use of Deriphat 160-C to extract the protein from the membrane yields RCs in which the QY band of P is retained at its native position near 865 nm, whereas LDAO extraction yields RCs that have the P band near 850 nm. Origins of the differences in both the ground state spectrum and the photochemistry, including possible RC–lipid associations, are considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11113449; Kirmaier, Christine 1 Laible, Philip D. 2 Hindin, Eve 1 Hanson, Deborah K. 2 Holten, Dewey 1; Email Address: holten@wuchem.wustl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA  2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 294 Issue 3, p305; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00283-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11113449&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, Zachary S.
AU  - Hanson, Deborah K.
AU  - Pokkuluri, Phani R.
AU  - Mets, David G.
AU  - Hata, Aaron N.
AU  - Poluektov, Oleg G.
AU  - Thurnauer, Marion C.
AU  - Schiffer, Marianne
AU  - Laible, Philip D.
T1  - Lysine substitutions near photoactive cofactors in the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center have opposite effects on the rate of triplet energy transfer
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 294
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
SN  - 03010104
AB  - Rates of triplet energy transfer have been investigated by time-resolved pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in mutant photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) from both Rhodobacter (R.) sphaeroides and R. capsulatus. Mutant RCs of both species harbor lysines in place of native residues of the L subunit at position 178 or 181 near monomeric bacteriochlorophyll BB. Analysis of kinetic measurements acquired throughout a range of temperatures demonstrated an increased rate of triplet transfer in the L178Ser <f>→</f> Lys (“L178K”) mutant RCs and a decreased rate in the L181Phe <f>→</f> Lys (“L181K”) mutant RCs from both species relative to their respective wild types. Activation energies extracted from Arrhenius plots suggest that triplet transfer in the L178K mutant RC is nearly isoenergetic with wild-type transfer while triplet transfer in the L181K mutant RC requires significantly less activation energy. This latter finding is counter to the observation of slower triplet transfer in the L181K mutant RC. Preliminary structural data offer evidence for direct ligation between the L181 lysine side chain and the central magnesium of BB, but the side chain of L178K is disordered. Our spectroscopic data suggest that these lysine substitutions elicit opposing changes in the relative geometric orientation of BB and that subtle changes in the protein environment can have dramatic and opposing effects on the rates of the photoprotective triplet energy transfer reaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - LYSINE
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 11113451; Morris, Zachary S. 1 Hanson, Deborah K. 1 Pokkuluri, Phani R. 1 Mets, David G. 1 Hata, Aaron N. 1 Poluektov, Oleg G. 2 Thurnauer, Marion C. 2 Schiffer, Marianne 1 Laible, Philip D. 1; Email Address: laible@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 294 Issue 3, p329; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: LYSINE; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00285-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11113451&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorden, Anne E.V.
AU  - Xu, Jide
AU  - Raymond, Kenneth N.
AU  - Durbin, Patricia
T1  - Rational Design of Sequestering Agents for Plutonium and Other Actinides.
JO  - Chemical Reviews
JF  - Chemical Reviews
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 103
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4207
EP  - 4282
SN  - 00092665
AB  - Studies rational design of sequestering agents for plutonium and other actinides.  Applications of actinides; Actinide coordination chemistry; Ligand synthesis; Thorium-sequestering agents.
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
N1  - Accession Number: 11592088; Gorden, Anne E.V. 1 Xu, Jide 1 Raymond, Kenneth N. 1; Email Address: raymond@socrates.berkeley.edu Durbin, Patricia 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 103 Issue 11, p4207; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Number of Pages: 76p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 31 Diagrams, 16 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O’Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Kelly, Shelly D.
AU  - Kemner, Kenneth M.
AU  - Csencsits, Roseann
AU  - Cook, Russell E.
T1  - Reduction of AgI, AuIII, CuII, and HgII by FeII/FeIII hydroxysulfate green rust
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 53
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
SN  - 00456535
AB  - Green rusts are mixed FeII/FeIII hydroxides that are found in many suboxic environments where they are believed to play a central role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron. X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of hydroxysulfate green rust suspensions spiked with aqueous solutions of AgCH3COO, AuCln(OH)4−n, CuCl2, or HgCl2 showed that AgI, AuIII, CuII, and HgII were readily reduced to Ag0, Au0, Cu0, and Hg0. Imaging of the resulting solids from the AgI-, AuIII-, and CuII-amended green rust suspensions by transmission electron microscopy indicated the formation of submicron-sized particles of Ag0, Au0, and Cu0. The facile reduction of AgI, AuIII, CuII, and HgII to Ag0, Au0, Cu0, and Hg0, respectively, by green rust suggests that the presence of green rusts in suboxic soils and sediments can have a significant impact on the biogeochemistry of silver, gold, copper, and mercury, particularly with respect to their mobility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - IRON
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Copper
KW  - Gold
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Silver
KW  - XAFS
KW  - Zero-valent
N1  - Accession Number: 10633839; O’Loughlin, Edward J. 1; Email Address: oloughlin@anl.gov Kelly, Shelly D. 1 Kemner, Kenneth M. 1 Csencsits, Roseann 2 Cook, Russell E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Room E-137, Building 203, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 53 Issue 5, p437; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zero-valent; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00545-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duffy, P. B.
AU  - Govindasamy, B.
AU  - Iorio, J. P.
AU  - Milovich, J.
AU  - Sperber, K. R.
AU  - Taylor, K. E.
AU  - Wehner, M. F.
AU  - Thompson, S. L.
T1  - High-resolution simulations of global climate, part 1: present climate.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 390
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09307575
AB  - We examine simulations of today's climate performed with a global atmospheric general circulation model run at spectral truncations of T42, T170, and T239, corresponding to grid cell sizes of roughly 310 km, 75 km, and 55 km, respectively. The simulations were forced with observed sea-surface temperatures and sea-ice concentrations. The T42 simulations and initial simulations at T170 and T239 were performed using a model version that was carefully "tuned" to optimize results at T42; subsequent simulations at T170 and T239 used a model version that was partly re-tuned to improve results at T170. On the scales of a T42 grid cell and larger, nearly all quantities we examined in all the T170 and T239 simulations agree better with observations, at least in terms of spatial patterns, than in the T42 simulations. In some cases the improvements are very substantial. Improvements are seen in all-season, global domain results, and in results pertaining to most seasons and latitude bands. Increasing the model resolution from T42 introduces biases (errors in the mean) into some simulated quantities; the worst of these were removed by the partial retuning we performed at T170. This retuning has little effect on the spatial patterns of results, except in Northern Hemisphere winter at T170, where it tends to bring improvements. We discuss aspects of simulated regional climates, and their dependence on model resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC circulation
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - OCEAN temperature
KW  - NORTHERN Hemisphere
N1  - Accession Number: 16983844; Duffy, P. B. 1; Email Address: pduffy@llnl.gov Govindasamy, B. 1 Iorio, J. P. 1 Milovich, J. 2 Sperber, K. R. 3 Taylor, K. E. 3 Wehner, M. F. 3,4 Thompson, S. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Climate and Carbon Cycle Modeling Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, LLNL, USA  3: Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, LLNL, USA  4: National Energy Research Supercomputer Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS-50F, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 21 Issue 5/6, p371; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC circulation; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: OCEAN temperature; Subject Term: NORTHERN Hemisphere; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-003-0339-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Govindasamy, B.
AU  - Duffy, P. B.
AU  - Coquard, J.
T1  - High-resolution simulations of global climate, part 2: effects of increased greenhouse cases.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 404
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09307575
AB  - We report results from the highest-resolution simulations of global warming yet performed with an atmospheric general circulation model. We compare the climatic response to increased greenhouse gases of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) climate model, CCM3, at T42 and T170 resolutions (horizontal grid spacing of 300 and 75 km respectively). All simulations use prescribed sea surface temperatures (SST). Simulations of the climate of 2100 ad use SSTs based on those from NCAR coupled model, Climate System Model (CSM). We find that the global climate sensitivity and large-scale patterns of climate change are similar at T42 and T170. However, there are important regional scale differences that arise due to better representation of topography and other factors at high resolution. Caution should be exercised in interpreting specific features in our results both because we have performed climate simulations using a single atmospheric general circulation model and because we used with prescribed sea surface temperatures rather than interactive ocean and sea-ice models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - GLOBAL temperature changes
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - GREENHOUSE effect (Atmosphere)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
N1  - Accession Number: 16983843; Govindasamy, B. 1; Email Address: bala@llnl.gov Duffy, P. B. 1 Coquard, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Climate and Carbon Cycle Modelling Group, Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 21 Issue 5/6, p391; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: GLOBAL temperature changes; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE effect (Atmosphere); Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-003-0340-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, James A.
AU  - Klippenstein, Stephen J.
AU  - Glarborg, Peter
T1  - A kinetic issue in reburning: the fate of HCNO
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 135
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 357
SN  - 00102180
N1  - Accession Number: 11402787; Miller, James A. 1; Email Address: jamille@ca.sandia.gov Klippenstein, Stephen J. 1 Glarborg, Peter 2; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551–0969, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 135 Issue 3, p357; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2003.07.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foster, Ian
AU  - Grossman, Robert L.
T1  - DATA INTEGRATION IN A BANDWIDTH-RICH WORLD.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 50
EP  - 57
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article informs that exponential advances in sensors, storage systems and computers are producing data of unprecedented quantity and quality. Multi-terabyte and even petabyte data sets are emerging as major assets. The World-Wide Telescope linking hundreds of digital sky surveys is revolutionizing astronomy. And in industry multi-terabyte data warehouses of consumer transactional data are increasingly common. Today, data warehouses are centralized repositories of data used for reporting and querying. High-speed optical networks make it possible for data to instead be stored at its source. The article also informs that distributed data sources can be diverse in their formats, schema, quality, access mechanisms, ownership, access policies and capabilities. It says that data mining emerged from statistics as a new discipline during the past decade, as large data sets became more and more common and the need for new technology to mine them became critical.  INSET: Data-Integration Technologies..
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - BROADBAND communication systems
KW  - DATA mining
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - DISTRIBUTED databases
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
N1  - Accession Number: 11407036; Foster, Ian 1,2; Email Address: foster@mcs.anl.gov Grossman, Robert L. 3,4; Email Address: grossman@uic.edu; Affiliation:  1: Associate division director and senior scientist at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL  2: Professor of computer science at The University of Chicago  3: Director of the Laboratory of Advanced Computing and the Nationala Center for Data Mining at the University of Illinois at Chicago  4: President of the Two Cultures Group, Chicago.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 46 Issue 11, p50; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: BROADBAND communication systems; Subject Term: DATA mining; Subject Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED databases; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/948383.948409
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyman, J.M.
AU  - Li, Shengtai
AU  - Petzold, L.R.
T1  - An adaptive moving mesh method with static rezoning for partial differential equations
JO  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
JF  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1511
SN  - 08981221
AB  - Adaptive mesh methods are valuable tools in improving the accuracy and efficiency of the numerical solution of evolutionary systems of partial differential equations. If the mesh moves to track fronts and large gradients in the solution, then larger time steps can be taken than if it were to remain stationary. We derive explicit differential equations for moving the mesh so that the time variation of the solution at the mesh points is minimized. Moving the mesh based on this approach allows for larger time steps but does not guarantee that the solution is well resolved in space. We maintain spatial accuracy when there are new emerging layers or wave fronts by adaptively rezoning the mesh points to equidistribute an error estimate. When using a multistep integration method, the past solution values are also interpolated so that the same multistep method can be used after rezoning. The resulting algorithm has very few problem-dependent numerical parameters and is appropriate for a large class of one-dimensional partial differential equations. We illustrate the performance of the algorithm by examples and demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is efficient and accurate when compared with other adaptive mesh strategies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Mathematics with Applications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - <F>h-r</F> method
KW  - Adaptive mesh method
KW  - Initial value problems
KW  - Moving mesh
KW  - Partial differential equations
KW  - Static rezone
N1  - Accession Number: 12307534; Hyman, J.M. 1 Li, Shengtai 1,2 Petzold, L.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Mail Stop B284, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  2: Department of Computer Science, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 46 Issue 10/11, p1511; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: <F>h-r</F> method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive mesh method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Initial value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moving mesh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Static rezone; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ståhl, Kenny
AU  - Nielsen, Kurt
AU  - Jiang, Jianzhong
AU  - Lebech, Bente
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
AU  - Norby, Poul
AU  - van Lanschot, Jettie
T1  - On the akagane´ite crystal structure, phase transformations and possible role in post-excavational corrosion of iron artifacts
JO  - Corrosion Science
JF  - Corrosion Science
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 45
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2563
SN  - 0010938X
AB  - The crystal structure of akagane´ite and the akagane´ite to hematite transition has been studied by means of conventional and synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. The chemical formula of akagane´ite can be written as FeO0.833(OH)1.167Cl0.167. The crystal structure does not contain free water. Heating below 200 °C will not alter the akagane´ite structure. Initial water loss can be attributed to a large amount of adsorbed water due to a very small particle size; 0.15 μm by 0.03 μm. Chloride is released from the structure only in connection with the transformation to hematite. Due to its stability, the presence of akagane´ite does not in itself posses a threat to iron artifacts, but it is rather a symptom of the presence of high concentrations of chloride in an acidic environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Corrosion Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Synchrotrons
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Iron compounds
KW  - Chemical reactions
KW  - Archaeological iron
KW  - B. Mössbauer spectroscopy
KW  - B. XRD
KW  - C. Exfoliation corrosion
N1  - Accession Number: 10633574; Ståhl, Kenny 1; Email Address: kenny@kemi.dtu.dk; Nielsen, Kurt 1; Jiang, Jianzhong 2; Lebech, Bente 3; Hanson, Jonathan C. 4; Norby, Poul 4; van Lanschot, Jettie 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark; 2: Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark; 3: Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; 4: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 5: School of Conservation, Esplanaden 34, DK-1263 Copenhagen, Denmark; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p2563; Subject Term: Crystals; Subject Term: Synchrotrons; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: Iron compounds; Subject Term: Chemical reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Archaeological iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Mössbauer spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. XRD; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Exfoliation corrosion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-938X(03)00078-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dernburg, Abby F.
T1  - Meiosis Researchers Exchange Information in the Alps
JO  - Developmental Cell
JF  - Developmental Cell
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 691
SN  - 15345807
AB  - The 6th European Meiosis Workshop, sponsored by EMBO and organized by Franz Klein of the University of Vienna, met in mid-September. More than 150 participants who have not discovered anything more interesting than sex gathered in a bucolic Alpine valley near the town of Obertraun, Austria, surrounded by granite massifs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Developmental Cell is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEIOSIS
KW  - CELL division (Biology)
KW  - KARYOKINESIS
KW  - HUMAN sexuality
KW  - GRANITE
N1  - Accession Number: 11319928; Dernburg, Abby F. 1,2; Email Address: afdernburg@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 5 Issue 5, p691; Subject Term: MEIOSIS; Subject Term: CELL division (Biology); Subject Term: KARYOKINESIS; Subject Term: HUMAN sexuality; Subject Term: GRANITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212314 Granite mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarkisyan, A.G.
AU  - Turner, J.A.
AU  - Aroutiounian, V.M.
AU  - Shahnazaryan, G.E.
AU  - Arakelyan, V.M.
AU  - Zargaryan, Y.G.
AU  - Begoyan, K.H.
T1  - INVESTIGATIONS OF SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MODIFIED PHOTOELECTRODES MADE OF TiO2 AND SrTiO3.
JO  - Electronic Journal of Natural Sciences
JF  - Electronic Journal of Natural Sciences
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 26
EP  - 30
PB  - Gitutyun ('Science') Publishing House
SN  - 1728791X
AB  - The photocurrent spectral dependences of ceramic photoelectrodes made of semiconductor oxides TiO2 and SrTiO3 modified by means of partial reduction, doped with impurities or fluorinated are investigated. The spectral distribution of the quantum yield is calculated and the character of the interband optical transitions near the edge of the fundamental absorption of the semiconductor photoelectrode is investigated. The presence of two direct and two indirect optical transitions in the investigated semiconductor photoelectrodes is established. The threshold photon energies corresponding to these transitions are calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Electronic Journal of Natural Sciences is the property of Gitutyun ('Science') Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - SPECTRAL energy distribution
KW  - PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - QUANTUM chaos
KW  - FLUORINATION
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - photoelectrolysis
KW  - semiconductor
KW  - spectral characteristics
N1  - Accession Number: 12479389; Sarkisyan, A.G. 1; Email Address: karbeg@sci.am Turner, J.A. 2; Email Address: jturner@nrel.gov Aroutiounian, V.M. 1 Shahnazaryan, G.E. 1 Arakelyan, V.M. 1 Zargaryan, Y.G. 1 Begoyan, K.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics of Semiconductors, Yerevan State University  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 1 Issue 1, p26; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRAL energy distribution; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: QUANTUM chaos; Subject Term: FLUORINATION; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoelectrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: semiconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral characteristics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srikripa Devarakonda
AU  - Joel M. Harp
AU  - Youngchang Kim
AU  - Andrzej Oz˙yhar
AU  - Fraydoon Rastinejad
T1  - Structure of the heterodimeric ecdysone receptor DNA-binding complex.
JO  - EMBO Journal
JF  - EMBO Journal
Y1  - 2003/11//11/3/2003
VL  - 22
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5827
EP  - 5840
SN  - 02614189
AB  - Ecdysteroids initiate molting and metamorphosis in insects via a heterodimeric receptor consisting of the ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (USP). The EcR-USP heterodimer preferentially mediates transcription through highly degenerate pseudo-palindromic response elements, resembling inverted repeats of 5′-AGGTCA-3′ separated by 1 bp (IR-1). The requirement for a heterodimeric arrangement of EcR-USP subunits to bind to a symmetric DNA is unusual within the nuclear receptor superfamily. We describe the 2.24 Å structure of the EcR-USP DNA-binding domain (DBD) heterodimer bound to an idealized IR-1 element. EcR and USP use similar surfaces, and rely on the deformed minor groove of the DNA to establish protein-protein contacts. As retinoid X receptor (RXR) is the mammalian homolog of USP, we also solved the 2.60 Å crystal structure of the EcR-RXR DBD heterodimer on IR-1 and found the dimerization and DNA-binding interfaces to be the same as in the EcR-USP complex. Sequence alignments indicate that the EcR-RXR heterodimer is an important model for understanding how the FXR-RXR heterodimer binds to IR-1 sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of EMBO Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECDYSTEROIDS
KW  - ECDYSONE
KW  - DNA
KW  - PROTEIN binding
N1  - Accession Number: 11574821; Srikripa Devarakonda 1 Joel M. Harp 2 Youngchang Kim 3 Andrzej Oz˙yhar 4 Fraydoon Rastinejad 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pharmacology  2: Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Biosciences Division/Structural Biology Center, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Biochemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; Source Info: 11/3/2003, Vol. 22 Issue 21, p5827; Subject Term: ECDYSTEROIDS; Subject Term: ECDYSONE; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: PROTEIN binding; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Northrup, Diana E.
AU  - Barns, Susan M.
AU  - Yu, Laura E.
AU  - Spilde, Michael N.
AU  - Schelble, Rachel T.
AU  - Dano, Kathleen E.
AU  - Crossey, Laura J.
AU  - Connolly, Cynthia A.
AU  - Boston, Penelope J.
AU  - Natvig, Donald O.
AU  - Dahm, Clifford N.
T1  - Diverse microbial communities inhabiting ferromanganese deposits in Lechuguilla and Spider Caves.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 5
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1071
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - Lechuguilla Cave is an ancient, deep, oligotrophic subterranean environment that contains an abundance of low-density ferromanganese deposits, the origin of which is uncertain. To assess the possibility that biotic factors may be involved in the production of these deposits and to investigate the nature of the microbial community in these materials, we carried out culture-independent, small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) sequence-based studies from two sites and from manganese and iron enrichment cultures inoculated with ferromanganese deposits from Lechuguilla and Spider Caves. Sequence analysis showed the presence of some organisms whose closest relatives are known iron- and manganese-oxidizing/reducing bacteria, including Hyphomicrobium, Pedomicrobium, Leptospirillum, Stenotrophomonas and Pantoea. The dominant clone types in one site grouped with mesophilic Archaea in both the Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota. The second site was dominated almost entirely by lactobacilli. Other clone sequences were most closely related to those of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomycetes and β- and γ-Proteobacteria. Geochemical analyses showed a fourfold enrichment of oxidized iron and manganese from bedrock to darkest ferromanganese deposits. These data support our hypothesis that microorganisms may contribute to the formation of manganese and iron oxide-rich deposits and a diverse microbial community is present in these unusual secondary mineral formations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMANGANESE
KW  - MINES & mineral resources
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - LECHUGUILLA Cave (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11168606; Northrup, Diana E. 1; Email Address: dnorthup@unm.edu Barns, Susan M. 2 Yu, Laura E. 1 Spilde, Michael N. 1 Schelble, Rachel T. 3 Dano, Kathleen E. 4 Crossey, Laura J. 4 Connolly, Cynthia A. 1 Boston, Penelope J. 5 Natvig, Donald O. 1 Dahm, Clifford N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.  2: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Lamos NM  3: Institute of Meteoritics, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM  4: Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM  5: Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, USA.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 5 Issue 11, p1071; Subject Term: FERROMANGANESE; Subject Term: MINES & mineral resources; Subject Term: MICROBIAL ecology; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: LECHUGUILLA Cave (N.M.); Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00500.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11168606&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mormile, Melanie R.
AU  - Biesen, Michelle A.
AU  - Gutierrez, M. Carmen
AU  - Ventosa, Antonio
AU  - Pavlovich, Justin B.
AU  - Onstott, Tullis C.
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
T1  - Isolation of Halobacterium salinarum retrieved directly from halite brine inclusions.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 5
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1094
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - Halite crystals were selected from a 186 m subsurface core taken from the Badwater salt pan, Death Valley, California to ascertain if halophilic Archaea and their associated 16S rDNA can survive over several tens of thousands of years. Using a combined microscope microdrill/micropipette system, fluids from brine inclusions were aseptically extracted from primary, hopper texture, halite crystals from 8 and 85 metres below the surface (mbls). U-Th disequilibrium dating indicates that these halite layers were deposited at 9600 and 97 000 years before present (ybp) respectively. Extracted inclusions were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis with haloarchaea-specific 16S rDNA primers or placed into haloarchaea culture medium. Enrichment cultures were obtained from 97 kyr halite crystal inclusion fluid and haloarchaea-containing prepared crystals (positive controls), whereas inclusions from crystals of 9.6 kyr halite and the haloarchaea-free halite crystals (negative controls) resulted in no growth. Phylogenetic analysis (16S rDNA) of the 97 kyr isolate, designated BBH 001, revealed a homology of 100% with Halobacterium salinarum. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments confirmed that BBH 001 was closely related to H. salinarum (81–75% hybridization) and its ascription to this haloarchaea species. The described method of retrieving particle-containing brine from fluid inclusions offers a robust approach for assessing the antiquity of microorganisms associated with evaporites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HALOBACTERIUM salinarium
KW  - SALT
KW  - SALT pans (Geology)
KW  - HALOPHILIC microorganisms
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
KW  - URANIUM-thorium dating
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - DEATH Valley (Calif. & Nev.)
N1  - Accession Number: 11168602; Mormile, Melanie R. 1; Email Address: mmormile@umr.edu Biesen, Michelle A. 1 Gutierrez, M. Carmen 2 Ventosa, Antonio 2 Pavlovich, Justin B. 3 Onstott, Tullis C. 3 Fredrickson, James K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Univ. of Missouri-Rolla, MO  2: Univ. of Seville, Spain  3: Princeton Univ., NJ  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 5 Issue 11, p1094; Subject Term: HALOBACTERIUM salinarium; Subject Term: SALT; Subject Term: SALT pans (Geology); Subject Term: HALOPHILIC microorganisms; Subject Term: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Subject Term: URANIUM-thorium dating; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: DEATH Valley (Calif. & Nev.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00509.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Onstott, T.C.
AU  - Moser, D.P.
AU  - Pfiffner, S.M.
AU  - Fredrickson, J.K.
AU  - Brockman, F.J.
AU  - Phelps, T.J.
AU  - White, D.C.
AU  - Peacock, A.
AU  - Balkwill, D.
AU  - Hoover, R.
AU  - Krumholz, L.R.
AU  - Borscik, M.
AU  - Kieft, T.L.
AU  - Wilson, R.
T1  - Indigenous and contaminant microbes in ultradeep mines.
JO  - Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 5
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1168
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14622912
AB  - Rock, air and service water samples were collected for microbial analyses from 3.2 kilometres depth in a working Au mine in the Witwatersrand basin, South Africa. The ∼ metre-wide mined zone was comprised of a carbonaceous, quartz, sulphide, uraninite and Au bearing layer, called the Carbon Leader, sandwiched by quartzite and conglomerate. The microbial community in the service water was dominated by mesophilic aerobic and anaerobic, α-, β- and γ- Proteobacteria with a total biomass concentration ∼104 cells ml−1, whereas, that of the mine air was dominated by members of the Chlorobi and Bacteroidetes groups and a fungal component. The microorganisms in the Carbon Leader were predominantly mesophilic, aerobic heterotrophic, nitrate reducing and methylotrophic, β- and γ- Proteobacteria that were more closely related to service water microorganisms than to air microbes. Rhodamine WT dye and fluorescent microspheres employed as contaminant tracers, however, indicated that service water contamination of most of the rock samples was < 0.01% during acquisition. The microbial contaminants most likely originated from the service water, infiltrated the low permeability rock through and accumulated within mining-induced fractures where they survived for several days before being mined. Combined PLFA and terminal restriction fragment length profile (T-RFLP) analyses suggest that the maximum concentration of indigenous microorganisms in the Carbon Leader was < 102 cells g−1. PLFA, 35S autoradiography and enrichments suggest that the adjacent quartzite was less contaminated and contained ∼103 cells gram−1 of thermophilic, sulphate reducing bacteria, SRB, some of which are δ- Proteobacteria. Pore water and rock geochemical analyses suggest that these SRB′s may have been sustained by sulphate diffusing from the adjacent U-rich, Carbon Leader where it was formed by radiolysis of sulphide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIAL contamination
KW  - GOLD mines & mining
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
KW  - CHLOROBIACEAE
KW  - BACTEROIDES
KW  - WITWATERSRAND (South Africa)
KW  - SOUTH Africa
N1  - Accession Number: 11168599; Onstott, T.C. 1; Email Address: tullis@princeton.edu Moser, D.P. 2 Pfiffner, S.M. 3 Fredrickson, J.K. 2 Brockman, F.J. 2 Phelps, T.J. 4 White, D.C. 3 Peacock, A. 3 Balkwill, D. 5 Hoover, R. 6 Krumholz, L.R. 7 Borscik, M. 1 Kieft, T.L. 8 Wilson, R. 9; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Univ., NJ  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA  3: Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville  4: Oak Ridge Natl. Laboratory, TN  5: Florida State Univ., Tallahassee  6: George Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL  7: Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman  8: Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM  9: SRK-Turgis Technology, South Africa; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 5 Issue 11, p1168; Subject Term: MICROBIAL contamination; Subject Term: GOLD mines & mining; Subject Term: MICROBIAL ecology; Subject Term: CHLOROBIACEAE; Subject Term: BACTEROIDES; Subject Term: WITWATERSRAND (South Africa); Subject Term: SOUTH Africa; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212220 Gold and silver ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212221 Gold Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00512.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozaki, Takudo
AU  - Kimura, Takaumi
AU  - Ohnuki, Toshihiko
AU  - Yoshida, Zenko
AU  - Francis, Arokiasamy
T1  - ASSOCIATION MECHANISMS OF EUROPIUM(III) AND CURIUM(III) WITH CHLORELLA VULGARIS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2800
EP  - 2805
SN  - 07307268
AB  - The association of Europium(III) (Eu[III]) and Curium(III) (Cm[III]) with Chlorella vulgaris and with cellulose was studied by a batch method and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). The kinetics study performed by the batch method showed that maximum adsorption of Eu(III) and Cm(III) on C. vulgaris was attained within 3 min of contact; afterward, the percentage adsorption decreased with time due to chelation of the ions with exudates released from C. vulgaris with a strong affinity for Eu(III) and Cm(III). The TRLFS revealed that the short-term adsorption of Eu(III) on C. vulgaris was attributable to its coordination with cellulose on the algal cell wall. However, Eu(III) coordinated with the functional groups of cellulose very weakly despite the large distribution coefficients observed. These results indicate that the reactions, both at the cell's surfaces through adsorption and in solution phases through chelation with the exudates, are important in estimating the behavior of Eu(III) and Cm(III) in aqueous environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EUROPIUM
KW  - CURIUM
KW  - CHLORELLA
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Chlorella vulgaris
KW  - Curium(III)
KW  - Europium(III)
KW  - Exudates
N1  - Accession Number: 15999530; Ozaki, Takudo 1; Email Address: tozaki@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Kimura, Takaumi 1 Ohnuki, Toshihiko 1 Yoshida, Zenko 1 Francis, Arokiasamy 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  2: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 22 Issue 11, p2800; Subject Term: EUROPIUM; Subject Term: CURIUM; Subject Term: CHLORELLA; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorella vulgaris; Author-Supplied Keyword: Curium(III); Author-Supplied Keyword: Europium(III); Author-Supplied Keyword: Exudates; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thoma, U.
T1  - Scalar mesons and the search for the O + +  glueball.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 140
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The possibility that gluonic excitations of hadronic matter or of the QCD vacuum may exist is perhaps one of the most fascinating topics in hadron spectroscopy. Glue balls are predicted by many models; in particular, present-day lattice gauge calculations require their existence. All these models agree that the lightest glueball should have scalar quantum numbers and a mass around 1.6 GeV, which corresponds to the mass region where the scalar q&qmacr;-mesons are expected. Therefore, mixing effects can complicate the search for the glue ball. Experiments indeed show an overpopulation of states, for which many different interpretations exist. This reflects the complexity of the situation. New data from various experiments on scalar states give hints toward an interpretation of the scalar states. But still many questions remain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - BARYON resonance
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 16708344; Thoma, U. 1; Email Address: uthoma@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, VA 23606, Newport News, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 18 Issue 2/3, p135; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: BARYON resonance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10307-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - T. Reichelt
AU  - Madey, T. R.
AU  - Semenov, A.Yu.
AU  - Taylor, S.
AU  - Aghalaryan, A.
AU  - Crouse, E.
AU  - MacLachlan, G.
AU  - Plaster, B.
AU  - Tajima, S.
AU  - Tireman, W.
AU  - Chenyu Yan
AU  - Ahmidouch, A.
AU  - Anderson, B. D.
AU  - Asaturyan, R.
AU  - Baker, O.
AU  - Baldwin, A. R.
AU  - Breuer, H.
AU  - Carlini, R.
AU  - Christy, E.
AU  - Churchwell, S.
T1  - Measurement of the neutron electric form factor via recoil polarimetry.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 183
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The ratio Gen/Gmn of the electric to the magnetic form factor of the neutron has been measured by analyzing the polarization of the recoiling neutron in quasi-elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from deuterium at the Q2 values of 0.45, 1.15, and 1.47 (GeV/c)2. The experiment has been performed in Hall C of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. With Gmn being known Gen can be deduced. The preliminary results show that the lowest Q2 points follow the Galster parametrization and that the 1.47 (GeV/c)2 point rises above this parametrization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - POLARIMETRY
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16708355; T. Reichelt 1; Email Address: reichelt@physik.uni-bonn.de Madey, T. R. 2 Semenov, A.Yu. 3 Taylor, S. 2 Aghalaryan, A. 4 Crouse, E. 5 MacLachlan, G. 6 Plaster, B. 7 Tajima, S. 8 Tireman, W. 3 Chenyu Yan 3 Ahmidouch, A. 9 Anderson, B. D. 3 Asaturyan, R. 4 Baker, O. 10 Baldwin, A. R. 3 Breuer, H. 11 Carlini, R. 2 Christy, E. 10 Churchwell, S. 8; Affiliation:  1: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitãt Bonn, Germany  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  3: Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA  4: Yerevan Physics lnstitute,Yerevan 375036, Armenia  5: The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA  6: Ohio University Athens, OH 45701, USA  7: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  8: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA  9: North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA  10: Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, USA  11: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 18 Issue 2/3, p181; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: POLARIMETRY; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10296-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maris, P.
AU  - Raya, A.
AU  - Roberts, C. D.
AU  - Schmidt, S. M.
T1  - Facets of confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 235
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The gap equation is a cornerstone in understanding dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and may also provide clues to confinement. A symmetry-preserving truncation of its kernel enables proofs of important results and the development of an efficacious phenomenology. We describe a model of the kernel that yields: a momentum-dependent dressed-quark propagator in fair agreement with quenched lattice- QCD results; and chiral limit values, f0&pi;= 68 MeV and (&qmacr;q) -(190 MeV)3. It is compared with models inferred from studies of the gauge sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHENOMENOLOGY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 16708442; Maris, P. 1 Raya, A. 2 Roberts, C. D. 3,4; Email Address: cdroberts@anl.gov Schmidt, S. M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, NC 27695-8202, Raleigh, USA  2: Instituto de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Apartado Postal 2-82, Morelia, Michoacán, México  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439-4843, Argonne, USA  4: Fachbereich Physik, Universität Rostock, D-18051, Rostock, Germany  5: Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Ahrstrasse 45, D-53175, Bonn, Germany; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 18 Issue 2/3, p231; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHENOMENOLOGY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10206-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blaschke, D.
AU  - Burau, G.
AU  - Kalinovsky, Yu
AU  - Barnes, T.
T1  - Mott effect and ... dissociation at the quark-hadron phase transition.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
EP  - 549
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - We investigate the in-medium modification of pseudoscalar and vector mesons in a QCD- motivated chiral quark model by solving the Dyson-Schwinger equations for quarks and mesons at finite temperature for a wide mass range of meson masses, from light (π, p) to open-charm (D, D*M) states. At the chiral/deconfinement phase transition, the quark-antiquark bound states enter the continuum of unbound states and become broad resonances (hadronic Mott effect). We calculate the in-medium cross-sections for charmonium dissociation due to collisions with light hadrons in a chiral Lagrangian approach, and show that the D- and D* -meson spectral broadening lowers the threshold for charmonium dissociation byπ and p-mesons. This leads to a step-like enhancement in the reaction rate. We suggest that this mechanism for enhanced charmonium dissociation may be the physical mechanism underlying the anomalous J/ψ suppression observed by NA5O. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - VECTOR mesons
KW  - MESONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CHARMONIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 16708370; Blaschke, D. 1,2; Email Address: david.blaschke@physik.uni-rostock.de Burau, G. 1 Kalinovsky, Yu 3 Barnes, T. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics University of Rostock, D-18051, Rostock, Germany  2: Bogoliubov Laboratory for Theoretical Physics, JINR Dubna, 141980, Dubna, Russia  3: Laboratory for Information Technologies, JINR Dubna, 141980, Dubna, Russia  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6373, Oak Ridge, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, TN 37996-1501, Knoxville, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 18 Issue 2/3, p547; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: VECTOR mesons; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epj a/i2002-10280-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boettger, J. C.
T1  - Predicted spin-orbit coupling effect on the magnetic ordering of crystalline uranium dioxide.
JO  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 20
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346028
AB  - The magnetic ordering of fluorite structure uranium dioxide has been investigated using fully-relativistic linear combinations of Gaussian type orbitals - fitting function (LCGTO-FF) calculations, within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to density functional theory. Three types of collinear spin-orderings were considered; ferromagnetic with spins aligned in the (001) direction and two antiferromagnetic (001) layer structures with spins aligned either perpendicular to each plane (001) or parallel to each plane (100). For each ordering, the total energy and spin-moment were calculated both with and without spin-orbit coupling. The ferromagnetic ordering is found to be energetically preferred to the antiferromagnetic orderings, contrary to experiment, whether or not spin-orbit coupling is included. Spin-orbit coupling is shown to have a significant quenching effect on the spin-moment and also introduces a strong magnetic anisotropy in the antiferromagnetic state that favors the (001) alignment over the (100) alignment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM compounds
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC couplings
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 16767406; Boettger, J. C. 1; Email Address: jn@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p15; Subject Term: URANIUM compounds; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC couplings; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjb/e2003-00312-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Owen, Lewis A.
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
AU  - Haizhou, Ma
AU  - Spencer, Joel Q.
AU  - Derbyshire, Edward
AU  - Barnard, Patrick L.
AU  - Caffee, Marc W.
T1  - Timing and cycle of Late Quaternary glaciation in northeastern Tibet.
JO  - Geological Society of America Bulletin
JF  - Geological Society of America Bulletin
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 115
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1356
EP  - 1364
SN  - 00167606
AB  - Glacial successions in the Anyemaqen and Nianbaoyeze Mountains of northeastern Tibet are reassessed and new glacial chronologies are presented for these regions. Cosmogenic radionuclide and optically stimulated luminescence dating indicates that two glacial advances occurred in marine isotope stage (MIS)-3 and MIS-2. In the Anyemaqen Mountains, a third advance occurred in the Early Holocene. We suggest that glaciation was synchronous in the Anyemaqen and Nianbaoyeze Mountains, as well as in other glaciated areas of Tibet and the Himalaya that are influenced by the Asian monsoon. The maximum extent of glaciation occurred early in the last glacial cycle (MIS-3) during a time of increased insolation when the monsoon intensified and supplied abundant precipitation, as snow at high altitude, to feed high-altitude glaciers. This suggests that precipitation, as snow, is fundamental in controlling glaciation in these regions. However, the occurrence of glacial advances during the insolation minimum of MIS-2 suggests that, despite reduced precipitation at this time, the annual temperatures were cold enough to maintain positive glacier mass balances. The numerically defined chronologies for the Anyemaqen and Nianbaoyeze Mountains presented here provide a framework for comparing glacial advances in other parts of high Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geological Society of America Bulletin is the property of Geological Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLACIAL landforms
KW  - STRATIGRAPHIC geology -- Holocene
KW  - RADIOACTIVE dating
KW  - TIBET (China)
KW  - CHINA
N1  - Accession Number: 11559775; Owen, Lewis A. 1; Email Address: lewis.owen@ucr.edu Finkel, Robert C. 2 Haizhou, Ma 3 Spencer, Joel Q. 4 Derbyshire, Edward 5 Barnard, Patrick L. 6 Caffee, Marc W. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA and Department of Earth Science, University of California, USA  3: Institute of Saline Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, People's Republic of China  4: School of Geography and Geosciences, University of Saint Andrews, UK  5: Centre for Quaternary Research, Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK  6: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, USA and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA  7: Department of Physics/Purdue Rare Isotope Measurement Laboratory, Purdue University, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 115 Issue 11, p1356; Subject Term: GLACIAL landforms; Subject Term: STRATIGRAPHIC geology -- Holocene; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE dating; Subject Term: TIBET (China); Subject Term: CHINA; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moser, D.P.
AU  - Onstott, T.C.
AU  - Fredrickson, J.K.
AU  - Brockman, F.J.
AU  - Balkwill, D.L.
AU  - Drake, G.R.
AU  - Pfiffner, S.M.
AU  - White, D.C.
AU  - Takai, K.
AU  - Pratt, L.M.
AU  - Fong, J.
AU  - Sherwood Lollar, B.
AU  - Slater, G.
AU  - Phelps, T.J.
AU  - Spoelstra, N.
AU  - Deflaun, M.
AU  - Southam, G.
AU  - Welty, A.T.
AU  - Baker, B.J.
T1  - Temporal Shifts in the Geochemistry and Microbial Community Structure of an Ultradeep Mine Borehole Following Isolation.
JO  - Geomicrobiology Journal
JF  - Geomicrobiology Journal
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 548
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01490451
AB  - A borehole draining a water-bearing dyke fracture at 3.2-km depth in a South African Au mine was isolated from the open mine environment. Geochemical, stable isotopic, nucleic acid-based, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses were employed as culture-independent means for assessing shifts in the microbial community and habitat as the system equilibrated with the native rock-water environment. Over a two-month period, the pH increased from 5.5 to 7.4, concurrent with a drop in pe from -2 to -3. Whereas rDNAs related to Desulfotomaculum spp. represented the major clone type encountered throughout, lipid biomarker profiling along with 16S rDNA clone library and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses indicated the emergence of other Gram-positive and deeply-branching lineages in samples during the later stages of the equilibration period. A biofilm that formed on the mine wall below the borehole produced abundant rDNAs related to the α Proteobacteria . β- and γ - Proteobacteria appeared to transiently bloom in the borehole shortly after isolation. Chemical modeling and sulfur isotope analyses of the borehole effluent indicated that microbial sulfate reduction was the major terminal electron-accepting process shortly after isolation, whereas Fe +3 reduction dominated towards the end of the experiment. The persistence of Desulfotomaculum -like bacteria throughout suggests that these organisms adapted to changing geochemical conditions as the redox decreased and pH increased following the isolation of the borehole from the mine atmosphere. The restoration of anaerobic aquatic chemistry to this borehole environment may have allowed microbiota indigenous to the local basalt aquifer to become more dominant among the diverse collection of bacterial lineages present in the borehole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geomicrobiology Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BOREHOLE mining
KW  - GEOMICROBIOLOGY
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - GEOBIOLOGY
KW  - anaerobic
KW  - borehole
KW  - community structure
KW  - deep subsurface
KW  - fissure water
KW  - mine
N1  - Accession Number: 11715133; Moser, D.P. 1; Email Address: duane.moser@pnl.gov Onstott, T.C. 1 Fredrickson, J.K. 2 Brockman, F.J. 2 Balkwill, D.L. 3 Drake, G.R. 3 Pfiffner, S.M. 4 White, D.C. 4 Takai, K. 5 Pratt, L.M. 5 Fong, J. 6 Sherwood Lollar, B. 6 Slater, G. 7 Phelps, T.J. 7 Spoelstra, N. 8 Deflaun, M. 9 Southam, G. 10 Welty, A.T. 11 Baker, B.J. 12; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA  2: Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA  3: Department of Biomedical Sciences Biology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA  4: Center of Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA  5: Subground Animalculae Retrieval (SUGAR) Project, Frontier Research Program for Deep-Sea Environments, Japan Marine Science & Technology Center, Yokosuka, Japan  6: Department of Geological Sciences, Biochemical Laboratories, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA  7: Department of Geosciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada  8: Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge, National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  9: Driefontein Consolidated Mine, Carletonville, South Africa  10: Geosyntec, Princeton, New Jersey, USA  11: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada  12: Department of Geology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p517; Subject Term: MICROBIAL ecology; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: BOREHOLE mining; Subject Term: GEOMICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: GEOBIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: anaerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: borehole; Author-Supplied Keyword: community structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: deep subsurface; Author-Supplied Keyword: fissure water; Author-Supplied Keyword: mine; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herbel, Mitchell J.
AU  - Blum, Jodi Switzerl
AU  - Oremland, Ronald S.
AU  - Borglin, Sharon E.
T1  - Reduction of Elemental Selenium to Selenide: Experiments with Anoxic Sediments and Bacteria that Respire Se-Oxyanions.
JO  - Geomicrobiology Journal
JF  - Geomicrobiology Journal
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 587
EP  - 602
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01490451
AB  - A selenite-respiring bacterium, Bacillus selenitireducens , produced significant levels of Se(-II) (as aqueous HSe - ) when supplied with Se(0). B. selenitireducens was also able to reduce selenite [Se(IV)] through Se(0) to Se(-II). Reduction of Se(0) by B. selenitireducens was more rapid in cells grown on colloidal sulfur [S(0)] or Se(IV) as their electron acceptor than for cell lines grown on fumarate. In contrast, three cultures of selenate-respiring bacteria, Sulfurospirillum barnesii , B. arsenicoselenatis , and Selenihalanaerobacter shriftii either were unable to reduce Se(0) to Se(-II) or had only a very limited capacity to achieve this reduction. Biological reduction of Se(0) to Se(-II) was observed during incubation of estuarine sediment slurries, while no such activity was noted in formalin-killed controls. The majority of the Se(-II) produced was found in the sediments as a solid precipitate of FeSe, rather than in solution as HSe - . These results demonstrate that certain anaerobic bacteria have the capacity to reduce Se(0) to Se(-II), providing a possible biological explanation for the occurrence of the selenide species in some sedimentary rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geomicrobiology Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANAEROBIC bacteria
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology) -- Microbiology
KW  - GEOMICROBIOLOGY
KW  - GEOBIOLOGY
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - bacteria
KW  - reduction
KW  - sediments
KW  - selenides
KW  - selenium
N1  - Accession Number: 11715135; Herbel, Mitchell J. 1; Email Address: mherbel@stanford.edu Blum, Jodi Switzerl 1 Oremland, Ronald S. 1 Borglin, Sharon E. 2; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Menlo Park, California, USA  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p587; Subject Term: ANAEROBIC bacteria; Subject Term: SELENIUM; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology) -- Microbiology; Subject Term: GEOMICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: GEOBIOLOGY; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: sediments; Author-Supplied Keyword: selenides; Author-Supplied Keyword: selenium; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riley, William J.
AU  - Still, Christopher J.
AU  - Helliker, Brent R.
AU  - Ribas-Carbo, Miguel
AU  - Berry, Joseph A.
T1  - 18O composition of CO2 and H2O ecosystem pools and fluxes in a tallgrass prairie: Simulations and comparisons to measurements.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 9
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1567
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - In this paper we describe measurements and modeling of 18O in CO2 and H2O pools and fluxes at a tallgrass prairie site in Oklahoma. We present measurements of the δ18O value of leaf water, depth-resolved soil water, atmospheric water vapor, and Keeling plot δ18O intercepts for net soil-surface CO2 and ecosystem CO2 and H2O fluxes during three periods of the 2000 growing season. Daytime discrimination against C18OO, as calculated from measured above-canopy CO2 and δ18O gradients, is also presented. To interpret the isotope measurements, we applied an integrated land-surface and isotope model (ISOLSM) that simulates ecosystem H218O and C18OO stocks and fluxes. ISOLSM accurately predicted the measured isotopic composition of ecosystem water pools and the δ18O value of net ecosystem CO2 and H2O fluxes. Simulations indicate that incomplete equilibration between CO2 and H2O within C4 plant leaves can have a substantial impact on ecosystem discrimination. Diurnal variations in the δ18O value of above-canopy vapor had a small impact on the predicted δ18O value of ecosystem water pools, although sustained differences had a large impact. Diurnal variations in the δ18O value of above-canopy CO2 substantially affected the predicted ecosystem discrimination. Leaves dominate the ecosystem 18O-isoflux in CO2 during the growing season, while the soil contribution is relatively small and less variable. However, interpreting daytime measurements of ecosystem C18OO fluxes requires accurate predictions of both soil and leaf 18O-isofluxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - PRAIRIES
KW  - TALLGRASS Prairie National Preserve (Okla.)
KW  - OKLAHOMA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11280614; Riley, William J. 1; Email Address: wjriley@lbl.gov Still, Christopher J. 2 Helliker, Brent R. 3 Ribas-Carbo, Miguel 4 Berry, Joseph A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,  Bldg  90-1106, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Department of Geography, 3611 Ellison Hall, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.  3: Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie  Institution of Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.  4: Departamento de Biologia, Area de Fisiologia  Vegetal, Universitat de les  Illes Balears, Ctra de  Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07071  Illes Balears, Spain.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 9 Issue 11, p1567; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: PRAIRIES; Subject Term: TALLGRASS Prairie National Preserve (Okla.); Subject Term: OKLAHOMA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00680.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bassirirad, Hormoz
AU  - Constable, John V. H.
AU  - Lussenhop, John
AU  - Kimball, Bruce A.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Oechel, Walter C.
AU  - Reich, Peter B.
AU  - Schlesinger, William H.
AU  - Zitzer, Stephen
AU  - Sehtiya, Harbans L.
AU  - Silim, Salim
T1  - Widespread foliage δ15N depletion under elevated CO2: inferences for the nitrogen cycle.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 9
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1582
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Leaf 15N signature is a powerful tool that can provide an integrated assessment of the nitrogen (N) cycle and whether it is influenced by rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. We tested the hypothesis that elevated CO2 significantly changes foliage δ15N in a wide range of plant species and ecosystem types. This objective was achieved by determining the δ15N of foliage of 27 field-grown plant species from six free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments representing desert, temperate forest, Mediterranean-type, grassland prairie, and agricultural ecosystems. We found that within species, the δ15N of foliage produced under elevated CO2 was significantly lower ( P<0.038) compared with that of foliage grown under ambient conditions. Further analysis of foliage δ15N by life form and growth habit revealed that the CO2 effect was consistent across all functional groups tested. The examination of two chaparral shrubs grown for 6 years under a wide range of CO2 concentrations (25–75 Pa) also showed a significant and negative correlation between growth CO2 and leaf δ15N. In a select number of species, we measured bulk soil δ15N at a depth of 10 cm, and found that the observed depletion of foliage δ15N in response to elevated CO2 was unrelated to changes in the soil δ15N. While the data suggest a strong influence of elevated CO2 on the N cycle in diverse ecosystems, the exact site(s) at which elevated CO2 alters fractionating processes of the N cycle remains unclear. We cannot rule out the fact that the pattern of foliage δ15N responses to elevated CO2 reported here resulted from a general drop in δ15N of the source N, caused by soil-driven processes. There is a stronger possibility, however, that the general depletion of foliage δ15N under high CO2 may have resulted from changes in the fractionating processes within the plant/mycorrhizal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - NITROGEN cycle
KW  - LEAVES
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - elevated CO[SUB2]
KW  - FACE
KW  - foliage 15 N
KW  - nitrogen cycle.
N1  - Accession Number: 11280615; Bassirirad, Hormoz 1; Email Address: hormoz@uic.edu Constable, John V. H. 2 Lussenhop, John 1 Kimball, Bruce A. 3 Norby, Richard J. 4 Oechel, Walter C. 5 Reich, Peter B. 6 Schlesinger, William H. 7 Zitzer, Stephen 8 Sehtiya, Harbans L. 1 Silim, Salim 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL  60607, USA.  2: Department of Biology, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA.  3: Water Conservation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA.  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.  5: Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.  6: Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.  7: Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.  8: Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 9 Issue 11, p1582; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: NITROGEN cycle; Subject Term: LEAVES; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO[SUB2]; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: foliage 15 N; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen cycle.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00679.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whicker, Jeffrey J.
AU  - Rodgers, John C.
AU  - Moxley, John S.
T1  - A QUANTITATIVE METHOD FOR OPTIMIZED PLACEMENT OF CONTINUOUS AIR MONITORS.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 599
EP  - 609
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Alarming continuous air monitors (CAMs) are a critical component for worker protection in facilities that handle large amounts of hazardous materials. In nuclear facilities, continuous air monitors alarm when levels of airborne radioactive materials exceed alarm thresholds, thus prompting workers to exit the room to reduce inhalation exposures. To maintain a high level of worker protection, continuous air monitors are required to detect radioactive aerosol clouds quickly and with good sensitivity. This requires that there are sufficient numbers of continuous air monitors in a room and that they are well positioned. Yet there are no published methodologies to quantitatively determine the optimal number and placement of continuous air monitors in a room. The goal of this study was to develop and test an approach to quantitatively determine optimal number and placement of continuous air monitors in a room. The method we have developed uses tracer aerosol releases (to simulate accidental releases) and the measurement of the temporal and spatial aspects of the dispersion of the tracer aerosol through the room. The aerosol dispersion data is then analyzed to optimize continuous air monitor utilization based on simulated worker exposure. This method was tested in a room within a Department of Energy operated plutonium facility at the Savannah River Site in South Carolina, U.S. Results from this study show that the value of quantitative airflow and aerosol dispersion studies is significant and that worker protection can be significantly improved while balancing the costs associated with CAM programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hazardous waste sites
KW  - Radiation warning systems
N1  - Accession Number: 11299332; Whicker, Jeffrey J. 1; Email Address: jjwhicker@lanl.gov; Rodgers, John C. 1; Moxley, John S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Health Physics Measurements Group, NM; 2: Savannah River Site, Radiological Technology Group, SC; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 85 Issue 5, p599; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous waste sites; Subject Term: Radiation warning systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Anspaugh, L.R.
AU  - Shishkina, E.A.
AU  - Shved, V.A.
AU  - Degteva, M.O.
AU  - Tolstykh, E.I.
AU  - Napier, B.A.
T1  - COMMENT ON PAPER BY HAYES, HASKELL, AND KENNER.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 622
EP  - 624
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Comments on an article published in the 2003 issue of the periodical 'Health Physics' about gamma ray doses in teeth.  Characterization of the source configuration; Similarity of electron transport from the pulp surface in the tooth; Assumption on geometry of the tooth.
KW  - Gamma rays
KW  - Teeth
KW  - Medical physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11299337; Anspaugh, L.R. 1; Shishkina, E.A. 2; Shved, V.A. 2; Degteva, M.O. 2; Tolstykh, E.I. 2; Napier, B.A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Radiobiology Division, Department of Radiology, University of Utah; 2: Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Russian Federation; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 85 Issue 5, p622; Subject Term: Gamma rays; Subject Term: Teeth; Subject Term: Medical physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uchida, Atsuhi
AU  - Heil, Tilmann
AU  - Yun Liu
AU  - Davis, Peter
AU  - Aida, Tahito
T1  - High-Frequency Broad-Band Singal Generation Using a Semiconductor Laser With a Chaotic Optical Injection.
JO  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
JF  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1462
EP  - 1467
SN  - 00189197
AB  - Chaotic signals with a flat power spectrum over 20 GHz have been generated using two commercially available semiconductor lasers coupled in a unidirectional master-slave scheme. The master laser has an external optical feedback that induces optical chaos in the laser output. A part of the chaotic light output from the master laser is injected into the slave laser. We experimentally demonstrated the generation of broad-band signals up to 22 GHz using lasers whose relaxation oscillation frequency in the free-running state is only around 6.4 GHz. We also show that the experimental results can be well reproduced by numerical simulations using two coupled rate equations. The numerical investigation shows that the high-frequency broad-band signal generation is owing to two key effects: high-frequency oscillations as a result of beating between the master and slave laser lights, and spectrum flattening due to the injection of the chaotic signal. The flatness, stability, and tunability of the power spectra demonstrated in our experiments suggests that the proposed system can be potentially useful for generation of high-frequency broad-band random signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR lasers
KW  - FEEDBACK (Electronics)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - OPTICAL communications
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - broad-band
KW  - chaos
KW  - chaotic communications
KW  - high frequency
KW  - injection locking
KW  - optical communications
KW  - semiconductor lasers.
N1  - Accession Number: 11349139; Uchida, Atsuhi 1 Heil, Tilmann 1 Yun Liu 2 Davis, Peter 1 Aida, Tahito 1; Affiliation:  1: ATR Adaptive Communications Research Laboratories, Kyoto japan, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park.  2: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research Computing and Coputatioanal Science Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, USA.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 39 Issue 11, p1462; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR lasers; Subject Term: FEEDBACK (Electronics); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: OPTICAL communications; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: broad-band; Author-Supplied Keyword: chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: chaotic communications; Author-Supplied Keyword: high frequency; Author-Supplied Keyword: injection locking; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical communications; Author-Supplied Keyword: semiconductor lasers.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JQE.2003.818281
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerenrot, Dmitry
AU  - Berlyand, Leonid
AU  - Phillips, Jonathan
T1  - Random Network Model for Heat Transfer in High Contrast Composite Materials.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 410
EP  - 416
SN  - 15213323
AB  - Thermal management of future generations of integrated circuits will require the use of packages with higher thermal conductivity and greater areas of contact between particles. In this paper, we introduce a novel percolation computational model of the most commonly suggested design: polymer filled with highly conductive ceramic (e.g., boron nitride) particles. The effective conductivity of random networks of spherical conductors with different degree of: fill, polydispersity, conductivity, and interface contact were determined by solving systems of Kirchoff's equations for cubic resistor network. It was found that above the percolation threshold (approximately 0.36, all cases), the effective conductivity is almost a linear function of the amount of fill or contact area between particles. Also, monodispersed filler yielded significantly higher effective conductivity than systems with three filler sizes. The model shows that if any spatial periodic arrangement is used, then effective conductivity much higher than that of the polymer matrix cannot be reached by increasing the conductivity of the filler. Thus periodic composites below maximal packing volume fraction yield the effective conductivity comparable to that of the polymer. We show that for nonperiodic (random) arrays the conductivity does improve significantly with increasing fill volume above the percolation threshold. Also, in agreement with recent experimental work, we find the key to significant improvement in thermal conductivity is an increase in contact area between particles. This last result suggests an explanation for recent experimental reports that boron nitride-filled polymers provide for higher conductivity than polymers filled with harder materials. Our model allows for quantitative estimation of the effective conductivity as a function of the contact area, polydispersity and the volume fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTRONIC packaging
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - PERCOLATION
KW  - EMBEDDED computer systems
KW  - percolation
KW  - polydispersity
KW  - random resistor network
KW  - thermal.
N1  - Accession Number: 12202934; Gerenrot, Dmitry 1; Email Address: gerenrot@math.psu.edu Berlyand, Leonid 2; Email Address: berlyand@math.psu.edu Phillips, Jonathan 3; Email Address: jphillips@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University, Park, PA 16802 USA.  2: Department of Mathematics and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA.  3: ESA Weapon Materials and Manufacturing, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p410; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC packaging; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: PERCOLATION; Subject Term: EMBEDDED computer systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: percolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: polydispersity; Author-Supplied Keyword: random resistor network; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TADVP.2003.821070
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12202934&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, J. Y.
AU  - Lee, S. J.
AU  - Jiles, D. C.
AU  - Garton, M.
AU  - Lopez, R.
AU  - Brasche, L.
T1  - Sensitivity Analysis of Simulations for Magnetic Particle Inspection Using the Finite-Element Method.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3604
EP  - 3606
SN  - 00189464
AB  - Magnetic particle inspection (MPI) is widely used for nondestructive evaluation in aerospace applications in which interpretation of inspection results is currently limited to empirical knowledge and experience-based approaches. Advances in computational magnetics, particularly the use of finite-element calculations, have enabled realistic numerical simulations of magnetic particle inspection to be undertaken with complicated geometries. In this paper, we report a sensitivity analysis using finite-element-method simulations of magnetic particle inspection for defects with various sizes and geometries. As a result, improved quantitative understanding of the MPI technique and factors that affects its sensitivity and reliability has been achieved. These results can be used to optimize conditions for conducting these inspections and should lead to improvement in analysis and interpretation of experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - SENSITIVITY theory (Mathematics)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Finite-element method
KW  - magnetic particle inspection
KW  - nondestructive evaluation
KW  - sensitivity analysis.
N1  - Accession Number: 12101508; Lee, J. Y. 1; Email Address: junyoul.lee@samsung.com Lee, S. J. 2 Jiles, D. C. 3 Garton, M. 4 Lopez, R. 4 Brasche, L. 4; Affiliation:  1: IT Research Center of Samsung SDS, Boondang 463-S 10, Korea.  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA.  3: Material Science and Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA.  4: Center for Aviation Systems Reliability, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p3604; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: SENSITIVITY theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite-element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic particle inspection; Author-Supplied Keyword: nondestructive evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensitivity analysis.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2003.816152
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Azumi, Kaoru
AU  - De Santis, Rosaria
AU  - De Tomaso, Anthony
AU  - Rigoutsos, Isidore
AU  - Yoshizaki, Fumiko
AU  - Pinto, Maria Rosaria
AU  - Marino, Rita
AU  - Shida, Kazuhito
AU  - Ikeda, Makoto
AU  - Ikeda, Masami
AU  - Arai, Masafumi
AU  - Inoue, Yasuhito
AU  - Shimizu, Toshio
AU  - Satoh, Nori
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel S.
AU  - Du Pasquier, Louis
AU  - Kasahara, Masanori
AU  - Satake, Masanobu
AU  - Nonaka, Masaru
T1  - Genomic analysis of immunity in a Urochordate and the emergence of the vertebrate immune system: “waiting for Godot”.
JO  - Immunogenetics
JF  - Immunogenetics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 55
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 570
EP  - 581
SN  - 14321211
AB  - Genome-wide sequence analysis in the invertebrate chordate, Ciona intestinalis, has provided a comprehensive picture of immune-related genes in an organism that occupies a key phylogenetic position in vertebrate evolution. The pivotal genes for adaptive immunity, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II genes, T-cell receptors, or dimeric immunoglobulin molecules, have not been identified in the Ciona genome. Many genes involved in innate immunity have been identified, including complement components, Toll-like receptors, and the genes involved in intracellular signal transduction of immune responses, and show both expansion and unexpected diversity in comparison with the vertebrates. In addition, a number of genes were identified which predicted integral membrane proteins with extracellular C-type lectin or immunoglobulin domains and intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) (plus their associated signal transduction molecules), suggesting that activating and inhibitory receptors have an MHC-independent function and an early evolutionary origin. A crucial component of vertebrate adaptive immunity is somatic diversification, and the recombination activating genes (RAG) and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) genes responsible for the Generation of diversity are not present in Ciona. However, there are key V regions, the essential feature of an immunoglobulin superfamily VC1-like core, and possible proto-MHC regions scattered throughout the genome waiting for Godot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunogenetics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - CHORDATA
KW  - GENES
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - Genome analysis
KW  - Immunological genes
KW  - Urochordate
N1  - Accession Number: 16899358; Azumi, Kaoru 1 De Santis, Rosaria 2 De Tomaso, Anthony 3 Rigoutsos, Isidore 4 Yoshizaki, Fumiko 5 Pinto, Maria Rosaria 2 Marino, Rita 2 Shida, Kazuhito 6 Ikeda, Makoto 6 Ikeda, Masami 7 Arai, Masafumi 7 Inoue, Yasuhito 7 Shimizu, Toshio 7 Satoh, Nori 8 Rokhsar, Daniel S. 9 Du Pasquier, Louis 10 Kasahara, Masanori 11 Satake, Masanobu 12 Nonaka, Masaru 5; Email Address: monaka@bio.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan  2: Stazione Zoologica "Anton Dohrn", Naples, Italy  3: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 93950, Stanford, USA  4: Bioinformatics and Pattern Discovery Group, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 218, NY 10598, Yorktown Heights, USA  5: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan  6: Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, 980-8578, Sendai, Japan  7: Department of Electronic Information System Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 036-8561, Hirosaki, Japan  8: Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan  9: U.S. Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, CA 94598, Walnut Creek, USA  10: Department of Zoology, University of Basel, 4051, Basel, Switzerland  11: Department of Biosystems Science, School of Advanced Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), 240-0193, Hayama, Japan  12: Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8575, Sendai, Japan; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 55 Issue 8, p570; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: CHORDATA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genome analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immunological genes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urochordate; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00251-003-0606-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - von Laszewski, Gregor
AU  - Ruscic, Branko
AU  - Amin, Kaizar
AU  - Wagstrom, Patrick
AU  - Krishnan, Sriram
AU  - Nijsure, Sandeep
T1  - A FRAMEWORK FOR BUILDING SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE GRIDS APPLIED TO THERMOCHEMICAL TABLES.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2003///Winter2003
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 447
SN  - 10943420
AB  - The paper describes a general architecture that provides advanced services that can be accessed collaboratively. Theft integration as part of a workflow process enables the creation of services that can be easily reused by the community. Scientists can then concentrate on the science, while application developers can focus on the delivery of services that can be assembled as building blocks to create more elaborate services.  The paper introduces the problem domain and the terminology used in thermochemistry that is directly related to the work scientists perform. It analyzes a current process to derive thermochemical tables, one of the most elementary building blocks in thermochemistry. Next it provides an improved technique for increasing the accuracy of this process. It introduces a scenario where algorithm and the repeated use by the community will result in a highly accurate and elaborate thermochemistry table database. Next, the paper presents the notion of a "knowledge Grid", transforming information into knowledge. It outlines service-oriented architecture and discuss how services such as security, data transfer, registration, and scheduling assist in assembling such a sophisticated collaborative environment.
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems)
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
N1  - Accession Number: 11951125; von Laszewski, Gregor 1 Ruscic, Branko 2 Amin, Kaizar 1,3 Wagstrom, Patrick 1 Krishnan, Sriram 1,4 Nijsure, Sandeep 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  3: Department of Computer Science, University of North Texas, USA  4: Department of Computer Science, Indiana University, USA; Source Info: Winter2003, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p431; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems); Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED computing; Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Joshua D.
AU  - Herdman, Christopher M.
AU  - Wu, Benjamin C.
AU  - Wally, Karl
AU  - Rice, Steven F.
T1  - Hydrogen production in a compact supercritical water reformer
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 28
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1171
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Experiments were conducted to investigate the reforming of organic compounds (primarily methanol) in supercritical water at 550–<f>700°C</f> and <f>27.6 MPa</f> in a tubular Inconel 625 reactor. The results show that methanol can be completely converted to a product stream that is low in methane and near the equilibrium composition of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. The effect of reactor temperature, feed concentration of methanol, and residence time on both conversion and product gas composition was investigated and the results are presented. Reaction pathways and potential applications of this technology are discussed. Ethanol and ethylene glycol resulted in less desirable effluent gas, with high concentrations of methane and carbon monoxide. Acetone and diesel fuel both resulted in the reactor becoming plugged. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - WATER
KW  - Catalyst
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Inconel 625
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Reforming
N1  - Accession Number: 10117825; Taylor, Joshua D. 1 Herdman, Christopher M. 1 Wu, Benjamin C. 1 Wally, Karl 1 Rice, Steven F.; Email Address: sfrice@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9052, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 28 Issue 11, p1171; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: WATER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalyst; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inconel 625; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reforming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00291-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10117825&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Arthur A.
AU  - Casey, James
AU  - Nikkel Jr., Daniel J.
T1  - Experiments conducted in the context of the strain-space formulation of plasticity
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 19
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1965
SN  - 07496419
AB  - The experiments reported here were conducted using the framework of the strain-space formulation of plasticity. A servohydraulic multiaxial testing machine was used to perform combined axial-torsional experiments on a thin-walled cylindrical aluminum specimen. The specimen was machined from extruded aluminum 1100 tubing, and annealed at 650 °F for 1 h. Conical epoxy sections were molded on the ends of the specimen for gripping. The specimen was loaded at strain rates under 20×10−6 per minute. An offset strain of 5×10−6 was used to define yield. A novel technique for identifying yield surfaces is introduced, which makes use of an experimentally measured focal point through which all yield probes are made to pass. Yield surfaces were obtained both in stress space and in strain space at various stages of plastic deformation. Although all strains were under 1%, the inelastic states included situations in which the origin in stress space lies outside the elastic region. The yield surfaces in both spaces were found to change shape considerably with deformation, usually developing a region of high curvature near the preload point and a region of low curvature on the opposite side of the yield surface. Experiments were also designed and conducted to test the validity of a prescription for identifying plastic strain in the context of the strain-space formulation. Changes in plastic strain were induced under incremental loading conditions and measured using the prescription. To within experimental error, the measured plastic strain increments satisfy the normality condition. The plastic strain increments are consistent with a flow rule of the type postulated in the strain-space formulation of the theory. The experimental results lend support to the constitutive theory and to the prescription for identifying plastic strain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - TORSION
KW  - Flow rule
KW  - Multi-axial
KW  - Normality
KW  - Plastic strain
KW  - Strain space
KW  - Tension–torsion
KW  - Yield surface
N1  - Accession Number: 10177189; Brown, Arthur A. 1; Email Address: aabrown@sandia.gov Casey, James 1 Nikkel Jr., Daniel J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p1965; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: TORSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow rule; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-axial; Author-Supplied Keyword: Normality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain space; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tension–torsion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield surface; Number of Pages: 41p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0749-6419(03)00046-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10177189&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yi Huang
AU  - Zhongde Xu, B. C.
AU  - Yiping Huang
AU  - Dezhu Ma
AU  - Jinchuan Yang, Jimmy W.
AU  - Mays
T1  - Characterization of Poly(ℇ-Caprolactone) via Size Exclusion Chromatography with Online Right-Angle Laser-Light Scattering and Viscometric Detectors.
JO  - International Journal of Polymer Analysis & Characterization
JF  - International Journal of Polymer Analysis & Characterization
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
EP  - 394
SN  - 1023666X
AB  - Poly(ℇ-caprolactone) was characterized by size exclusion chromatography on-line with a right-angle laser-light scattering photometer and a four-capillary bridge design differential viscometer (SEC/RI/RALLS/DV) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 25°C. The dependence of intrinsic viscosity and radius of gyration of poly(ℇ-caprolactone) on molecular weight was established, and Flory's characteristic ratio C ∞ was calculated for this polymer from these data. The results show that THF is a good solvent for poly(ℇ-caprolactone). Poly(ℇ-caprolactone) exhibits a random-coil conformation in THF, and SEC with online RALLS and DV detectors offer an easy way to obtain information on chain flexibility. The C ∞ results are in good accord with previously reported values for this polymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Polymer Analysis & Characterization is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - VISCOSIMETERS
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
KW  - Flory's characteristic ratio C ∞
KW  - Mark-Houwink-Sakurada (MHS) equation
KW  - Molecular weight
KW  - Multi-detector SEC
KW  - Poly(ℇ-caprolactone)
KW  - Radius of gyration
N1  - Accession Number: 11426360; Yi Huang 1 Zhongde Xu, B. C. 1 Yiping Huang 2 Dezhu Ma 2 Jinchuan Yang, Jimmy W. 3 Mays 3,4; Email Address: jimmymays@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China  2: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, China University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p383; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: VISCOSIMETERS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR weights; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flory's characteristic ratio C ∞; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mark-Houwink-Sakurada (MHS) equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular weight; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-detector SEC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(ℇ-caprolactone); Author-Supplied Keyword: Radius of gyration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10236660390237976
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, X.Y.
AU  - Zhuang, H.Z.
AU  - G.K.Liu, H.Z.
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Niedbala, R.S.
T1  - Confinement on energy transfer between luminescent centers in nanocrystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5559
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The luminescence dynamics of optical centers in nanocrystals depends critically on the phonon density of states (PDOS), which is quite distinct from that of bulk materials. It is shown that energy transfer (ET) in nanocrystals is confined by discrete PDOS as well as direct size restriction. Temperature-, concentration-, and size-dependence of the fluorescence decay from the [sup 4]S[sub 3/2] state of Er[sup 3+] in Y[sub 2]O[sub 2]S nanocrystals have been investigated using laser spectroscopic experiments and computational simulations. A set of microscopic rate equations that govern the evolution of the excitation probability P[sub i](t) are solved iteratively using a Monte Carlo method. The simulations of ET based on a theoretical model with five parameters are in good agreement with the experimental results. It is shown that phonon-assisted ET processes in Er[sup 3+]:Y[sub 2]O[sub 2]S nanocrystals contribute partly to the fluorescence decay at 295 K, and is negligible at 5 K. For applications, the nanoconfinement effects on ET may significantly reduce the efficiency of sensitized or upconversion luminescence due to the lack of low-frequency phonon modes and restricted excitation migration in nanophosphors. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 11188638; Chen, X.Y. 1 Zhuang, H.Z. 1 G.K.Liu, H.Z. 1; Email Address: gkliu@anl.gov Li, S. 2 Niedbala, R.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 .  2: OraSure Technologies,  Inc., 150 Webster Street, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p5559; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1614865
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188638&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keyes, B.M.
AU  - Dippo, P.
AU  - Metzger, W.K.
AU  - Abushama, J.
AU  - Noufi, R.
T1  - Changes in the dominant recombination mechanisms of polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se[sub 2] occurring during growth.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5584
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The changes in dominant recombination mechanisms of Cu(In,Ga)Se[sub 2] thin films grown from (In,Ga)[sub 2]Se[sub 3] precursors are investigated using energy- and time-resolved photoluminescence. The results are analyzed with a rate-equation analysis and correlated with n/p diode measurements on processed devices. The experimental results quantify a change in the dominant radiative process and an improvement in the underlying material quality. These observations support a growth model incorporating changes in the dominant defect states and recombination mechanisms during this final stage of the growth process. Additionally, evidence is presented that supports the passivation of near-surface recombination sites by CdS. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER compounds
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 11188635; Keyes, B.M. 1; Email Address: brian_keyes@nrel.gov Dippo, P. 1 Metzger, W.K. 1 Abushama, J. 1 Noufi, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p5584; Subject Term: COPPER compounds; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1613804
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188635&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reshchikov, M. A.
AU  - Huang, D.
AU  - Yun, F.
AU  - Visconti, P.
AU  - He, L.
AU  - Morkoç, H.
AU  - Jasinski, J.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Molnar, R.J.
AU  - Park, S.S.
AU  - Lee, K.Y.
T1  - Unusual luminescence lines in GaN.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5623
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A series of sharp intense peaks was observed in the low-temperature photoluminescence spectrum of unintentionally doped GaN in the photon energy range between 3.0 and 3.46 eV. We attributed the majority of these peaks to excitons bound to unidentified structural and surface defects. Most of the structural- and surface-related peaks (at 3.21, 3.32, 3.34, 3.35, 3.38, and 3.42 eV) were observed in Ga polar films. In N polar GaN, we often observed the 3.45 eV peak attributed to excitons bound to the inversion domain interfaces. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11188628; Reshchikov, M. A. 1; Email Address: mreshchi@saturn.vcu.edu Huang, D. 1 Yun, F. 1 Visconti, P. 1 He, L. 1 Morkoç, H. 1 Jasinski, J. 2 Liliental-Weber, Z. 2 Molnar, R.J. 3 Park, S.S. 4 Lee, K.Y. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Physics Department, Virginia Commonwealth University,  Richmond, Virginia 23284.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, Massachusetts 02420-9108.  4: Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology  P.O. Box III, Suwon, Korea  440-600.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p5623; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1609632
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188628&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wampler, W.R.
AU  - Myers, S.M.
T1  - Hydrogen release from magnesium-doped GaN with clean ordered surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5682
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We examine physical processes controlling thermal release of hydrogen (H) from magnesium-doped gallium nitride, GaN(Mg). H release from GaN(Mg) was measured under ultra-high-vacuum conditions with surface cleaning and characterization to give clean well-ordered (0001) hexagonal (1×1) surfaces. Second-order release kinetics were observed, indicating recombinative desorption of H[sub 2] is a rate determining process. Observed H release is compared with diffusion–reaction theory, which incorporates current information about H in GaN from theory and previous experiments. Based on previous studies of thermal desorption of H from GaN surfaces, the release model includes recombinative desorption from neutral H states at the surface. We conclude that the formation energy (at T=0) of this surface H state is close to that of a H[sub 2] molecule in vacuum, and that the formation energy of MgH is about 1.1 eV/atom below that of H in the surface state. This implies the surface H coverage must be very low during thermal release of H from GaN(Mg). This, together with a high activation barrier for desorption from the surface, accounts for the high temperatures required to remove H from GaN(Mg) and activate p-type conductivity. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - MAGNESIUM & Man (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11188618; Wampler, W.R. 1; Email Address: wrwampl@sandia.gov Myers, S.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p5682; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Reviews & Products: MAGNESIUM & Man (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1616986
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188618&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lian, Jie
AU  - Ríos, Susana
AU  - Boatner, Lynn A.
AU  - Wang, L.M.
AU  - Ewing, Rodney C.
T1  - Microstructural evolution and nanocrystal formation in Pb[sup +]-implanted ZrSiO[sub 4] single crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5695
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Single crystals of ZrSiO[sub 4] (zircon) with a (110) orientation were implanted with 300 keV Pb[sup +] at room temperature to fluences ranging from 10[sup 14] to 10[sup 17] ions/cm[sup 2]. The damage accumulation and microstructural evolution were analyzed by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and glancing-angle x-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental damage profiles as observed by TEM and XRD methods were compared to Monte Carlo simulations using the SRIM-2000 code. At the lowest ion fluence (10[sup 14] ions/cm[sup 2]), a buried amorphous layer formed in the zircon matrix. The surface layer is highly damaged and consists of zircon nanocrystals. The critical amorphization dose for zircon implanted with 300 keV Pb[sup +] was in the range of 0.25–0.43 displacements per atom. With increasing ion fluence, the thickness of the amorphous layer increased. When the Pb concentration in the substrate exceeded ∼3.5 at. % (i.e., at 10[sup 17] ions/cm[sup 2]), Pb nanoparticles precipitated at room temperature and formed a layer ∼90 nm thick embedded within the amorphous zircon matrix. Effects of the displacement energies employed in the SRIM-2000 simulation on the damage profiles and the critical amorphization dose were also analyzed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM compounds
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 11188616; Lian, Jie 1 Ríos, Susana 2 Boatner, Lynn A. 3 Wang, L.M. 1 Ewing, Rodney C. 4; Email Address: rodewing@umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109-2104.  2: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CR2 3EQ Cambridge, United Kingdom.  3: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6056.  4: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109-2104.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p5695; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618917
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188616&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guangyong Xu, Subra
AU  - Eastman, D. E.
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Cai, Z.
AU  - McNulty, I.
AU  - Frigo, S.
AU  - Noyan, I. C.
AU  - Hu, C. K.
T1  - Nanometer precision metrology of submicron Cu/SiO[sub 2] interconnects using fluorescence and transmission x-ray microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 6040
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We used hard x-ray fluorescence and soft x-ray transmission microscopy to quantitatively measure “in situ” Cu/SiO[sub 2] interconnect dimensions down to 0.3 μm dimensions. We describe methods and analysis techniques for measuring submicron linewidths, lengths, and thicknesses with accuracies of 30–60 nm precision. The dimensions and shape of submicron Cu vias, W lines, and a 20 nm Ta liner and an electromigration defect (void) were determined by these methods. These nondestructive techniques promise to be useful for nanometer precision metrology studies of a variety of materials systems. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER compounds
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11188563; Guangyong Xu, Subra 1; Email Address: gxu@bnl.gov Eastman, D. E. 1 Lai, B. 2 Cai, Z. 2 McNulty, I. 2 Frigo, S. 3 Noyan, I. C. 4 Hu, C. K. 4; Affiliation:  1: James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637.  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona 86011.  4: IBM T J. Watson Research Center; Yorktown Heights, New York 10589.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p6040; Subject Term: COPPER compounds; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1614430
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188563&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Espinosa, H. D.
AU  - Peng, B.
AU  - Prorok, B. C.
AU  - Moldovan, N.
AU  - Auciello, O.
AU  - Carlisle, J. A.
AU  - Gruen, D. M.
AU  - Mancini, D. C.
T1  - Fracture strength of ultrananocrystalline diamond thin films—identification of Weibull parameters.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 6076
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The fracture strength of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) has been investigated using tensile testing of freestanding submicron films. Specifically, the fracture strength of UNCD membranes, grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD), was measured using the membrane deflection experiment developed by Espinosa and co-workers. The data show that fracture strength follows a Weibull distribution. Furthermore, we show that the Weibull parameters are highly dependent on the seeding process used in the growth of the films. When seeding was performed with microsized diamond particles, using mechanical polishing, the stress resulting in a probability of failure of 63% was found to be 1.74 GPa, and the Weibull modulus was 5.74. By contrast, when seeding was performed with nanosized diamond particles, using ultrasonic agitation, the stress resulting in a probability of failure of 63%, increased to 4.13 GPa, and the Weibull modulus was 10.76. The tests also provided the elastic modulus of UNCD, which was found to vary from 940 to 970 GPa for both micro- and nanoseeding. The investigation highlights the role of microfabrication defects on material properties and reliability, as a function of seeding technique, when identical MPCVD chemistry is employed. The parameters identified in this study are expected to aid the designer of microelectromechanical systems devices employing UNCD films. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAMOND thin films
KW  - PLASMA-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 11188558; Espinosa, H. D. 1; Email Address: espinosa@northwestern.edu Peng, B. 1 Prorok, B. C. 1 Moldovan, N. 1 Auciello, O. 2 Carlisle, J. A. 2 Gruen, D. M. 2 Mancini, D. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 60208-3111.  2: Materials Science and Experimental Facilities Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p6076; Subject Term: DIAMOND thin films; Subject Term: PLASMA-enhanced chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1613372
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188558&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fan, W.
AU  - Kabius, B.
AU  - Hiller, J. M.
AU  - Saha, S.
AU  - Carlisle, J. A.
AU  - Auciello, 0.
AU  - Chang, R. P. H.
AU  - Ramesh, R.
T1  - Materials science and integration bases for fabrication of (Ba[sub x]Sr[sub 1-x])TiO[sub 3] thin film capacitors with layered Cu-based electrodes.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 6192
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The synthesis and fundamental material properties of layered TiAl/Cu/Ta electrodes were investigated to achieve the integration of Cu electrodes with high-dielectric constant (κ) oxide thin films for application to the fabrication of high-frequency devices. The Ta layer is an excellent diffusion barrier to inhibit deleterious Cu diffusion into the Si substrate, while the TiAl layer provides an excellent barrier against oxygen diffusion into the Cu layer to inhibit Cu oxidation during the growth of the high-κ layer in an oxygen atmosphere. Polycrystalline (Ba[sub x]Sr[sub 1-x])TiO[sub 3] (BST) thin films were grown on the Cu-based bottom electrode by rf magnetron sputtering at temperatures in the range 400–600 °C in oxygen, to investigate the performance of BST/Cu-based capacitors. Characterization of the Cu-based layered structure using surface analytical methods showed that two amorphous oxide layers were formed on both sides of the TiAl barrier, such that the oxide layer on the free surface of the TiAl layer correlates with TiAlO[sub x], while the oxide layer at the TiAl/Cu interface is an Al[sub 2]O[sub 3]-rich layer. This double amorphous barrier layer structure effectively prevents oxygen penetration towards the underlying Cu and Ta layers. The TiAlO[sub x] interfacial layer, which has a relatively low dielectric constant compared with BST, reduced the total capacitance of the BST thin film capacitors. In addition, the layered electrode-oxide interface roughening observed during the growth of BST films at high temperature, due to copper grain growth, resulted in large dielectric loss on the fabricated BST capacitors. These problems were solved by growing the BST layer at 450 °C followed by a rapid thermal annealing at 700 °C. This process significantly reduced the thickness of the TiAlO[sub x] layer and interface roughness resulting in BST capacitors exhibiting properties suitable for the fabrication of high-performance high-frequency devices. In summary, relatively high dielectric constant (280), low dielectric loss (0.007), and low leakage current (<2×10[sup -8] A/cm[sup 2] at 100 kV/cm) were achieved for BST thin film capacitors with Cu-based electrodes. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM compounds
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID freeform fabrication
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - ELECTRODES
N1  - Accession Number: 11188542; Fan, W. 1; Email Address: w-fan1@northwestern.edu Kabius, B. 1 Hiller, J. M. 1 Saha, S. 1 Carlisle, J. A. 1 Auciello, 0. 1 Chang, R. P. H. 2 Ramesh, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 60208.  3: Department of Materials and Nuclear Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p6192; Subject Term: TITANIUM compounds; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID freeform fabrication; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1616984
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188542&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barlow, S. E.
T1  - Alternative electrostatic Green’s function for a long tube.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 6221
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - This note describes an expression for the electrostatic Green’s function in a long conducting tube. The expression allows one to readily compute the potentials and fields at and in the vicinity of the singularity where other methods have difficulty. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN'S functions
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
N1  - Accession Number: 11188536; Barlow, S. E. 1; Email Address: se.barlow@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: W. R.  Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; P.O. Box 999 (K8-88), Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 9, p6221; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1616633
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11188536&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tretiak, S.
AU  - Chernyak, V.
T1  - Resonant nonlinear polarizabilities in the time-dependent density functional theory.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 8809
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The response of the density matrix to an external field is calculated in the adiabatic time-dependent density functional (TDDFT) theory by mapping the equation of motion for the driven single-electron density matrix into the dynamics of coupled harmonic oscillators. The resulting nonlinear response functions and the closed expressions for nonlinear frequency-dependent polarizabilities are derived. These expressions include transition densities and frequencies calculated in the linear response TDDFT, and higher order functional derivatives of the exchange-correlation functional. Limitations of the applicability of the traditional sum over states approach for computing the nonlinear response to the TDDFT are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - TIME
N1  - Accession Number: 11122976; Tretiak, S. 1; Email Address: serg@lanl.gov Chernyak, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Corning Incorporated, New York; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 17, p8809; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: TIME; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1614240
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11122976&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keutsch, Frank N.
AU  - Braly, Linda B.
AU  - Brown, Mac G.
AU  - Harker, Heather A.
AU  - Petersen, Poul B.
AU  - Leforestier, Claude
AU  - Saykally, Richard J.
T1  - Water dimer hydrogen bond stretch, donor torsion overtone, and “in-plane bend” vibrations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 8927
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report the measurement and analysis of 64 new K[sub a]=0←0,1 and K[sub a]=1←0,1 transitions of (H[sub 2]O)[sub 2] and 16 new K[sub a]=0←0 transitions of (D[sub 2]O)[sub 2] by terahertz laser vibration–rotation–tunneling spectroscopy of a planar supersonic expansion between 140.5 and 145.5 cm-1. The transitions in both isotopomers correspond to A[sup ′] vibrations assigned to the hydrogen bond stretch (translational) and donor torsion overtone vibrations. The interchange splitting is 56.3 GHz in K[sub a]=0 of the excited state of (H[sub 2]O)[sub 2], nearly 3 times the value of the ground state, and the bifurcation tunneling splitting is 1.8 GHz, over 2 times the value of the ground state. We compare the existing experimental spectra with calculations on state-of-the-art intermolecular potential energy surfaces and critically review the vibrational assignments reported in the literature. We show that the discrepancy between theory and experiment regarding the assignment of the feature near 103 cm-1 can be resolved by considering E[sub 2]→E[sub 1] transitions, which had not been considered previously. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - TORSION
KW  - TUNNELING spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11122962; Keutsch, Frank N. 1 Braly, Linda B. 2 Brown, Mac G. 3 Harker, Heather A. 4 Petersen, Poul B. 4 Leforestier, Claude 5,6 Saykally, Richard J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Massachusetts  2: Intel Corporation Technology and Manufacturing Group, New Mexico  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  4: Department of Chemistry, University of California  5: Laboratoire de Structure et Dynamique des Systèmes Moléculaire et Solides  6: Université des Sciences et Techniques du Langue-doc, France; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 17, p8927; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: TORSION; Subject Term: TUNNELING spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1614774
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11122962&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Ilton, Eugene S.
T1  - Charge transport in micas: The kinetics of Fe[sup II/III] electron transfer in the octahedral sheet.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 9207
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The two principal Fe[sup II/III] electron exchange reactions underlying charge transport in the octahedral sheet of ideal end-member annite were modeled using a combination of ab initio calculations and Marcus electron transfer theory. A small polaron model was applied which yielded electron hopping activation energies that agree well with the limited available experimental data. A small ab initio cluster model successfully reproduced several important structural, energetic, and magnetic characteristics of the M1 and M2 Fe sites in the annite octahedral sheet. The cluster enabled calculation of the internal reorganization energy and electronic coupling matrix elements for the M2–M2 and M1–M2 electron transfer reactions. The M2–M2 electron transfer is symmetric with a predicted forward/reverse electron hopping rate of 10[sup 6] s[sup -1]. The M1–M2 electron transfers are asymmetric due to the higher ionization potential by 0.46 eV of Fe[sup II] in the M1 site. The electronic coupling matrix elements for these reactions are predicted to be small and of similar magnitude, suggesting the possibility that the coupling is essentially direction independent amongst hopping directions in the octahedral sheet. M1 Fe sites are predicted to be efficient electron traps and charge transport should occur by nearest-neighbor electron hops along the M2 Fe sublattice. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICA
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11122937; Rosso, Kevin M. 1; Email Address: kevin.rosso@pnl.gov Ilton, Eugene S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 17, p9207; Subject Term: MICA; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1612912
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budzien, Joanne
AU  - McCoy, John D.
AU  - Adolf, Douglas B.
T1  - Solute mobility and packing fraction: A new look at the Doolittle equation for the polymer glass transition.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 9269
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Molecular dynamics simulations of the diffusion of penetrants in bead-spring polymers were performed along both constant volume and constant pressure paths at several temperatures. By using an effective hard sphere diameter, the packing fractions of these systems were calculated. It was found that all the data for a given polymer type collapsed to a single curve that can be well described using a modification of the Doolittle equation. Data on polymer simulations from the literature was analyzed in this manner and showed similar results. In this work we demonstrate that the packing fraction analysis that is used to describe hard sphere and colloidal systems can also be extended to polymeric systems. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11122930; Budzien, Joanne 1 McCoy, John D. 1; Email Address: mccoy@mailhost.nmt.edu Adolf, Douglas B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining & Technology  2: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 17, p9269; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615231
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11122930&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonn, B.E.
AU  - Schexnayder, S.M.
AU  - Peretz, J.H.
AU  - Das, S.
AU  - Waidley, G.
T1  - An assessment of waste issues associated with the production of new, lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles
JO  - Journal of Cleaner Production
JF  - Journal of Cleaner Production
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 753
SN  - 09596526
AB  - This article assesses solid and hazardous wastes that would be generated through the production of new, lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles. In these vehicles, steel is replaced with aluminum, titanium, magnesium, plastics, and glass and carbon fibers. In addition to total volumes, we pay particular attention to a subset of highly toxic chemical constituents in hazardous waste. The article also examines capacity in the United States to manage the solid and hazardous waste generation changes. Finally, we review the distribution of environmental impacts that changes in material composition would cause. The estimated generation of solid and hazardous wastes for each of the three new vehicles is greater than wastes for a base vehicle, although the United States has sufficient waste management capacity to handle these increases. Production of a subset of chemical constituents of hazardous waste, specifically those that are highly toxic, will decrease in most cases for the three new vehicles. Moving to these new materials could reduce mining for iron ore in the United States but increase the mining of bauxite for aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and other materials in such major countries as Canada, China, and Russia and in many small, developing countries, such as Guinea, Jamaica, and Sierra Leone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cleaner Production is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WASTE management
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - Environmental justice
KW  - Fuel-efficient vehicles
KW  - Hazardous waste
KW  - Solid waste
N1  - Accession Number: 9497481; Tonn, B.E. 1; Email Address: bet@ornl.gov Schexnayder, S.M. 2 Peretz, J.H. 2 Das, S. 3 Waidley, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, PO Box 2008, Building 4500N, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: University of Tennessee Energy, Environment and Resources Center, 314 Conference Center Building, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Engineering Science and Technology Division, PO Box 2008, Bldg. 3156, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6073, USA  4: Federal Highway Administration, 511 Queens Dr. Schenectady, NY 12304, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p753; Subject Term: WASTE management; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental justice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel-efficient vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid waste; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00147-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9497481&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rotstayn, Leon D.
AU  - Yangang Liu, Leon D.
T1  - Sensitivity of the First Indirect Aerosol Effect to an Increase of Cloud Droplet Spectral Dispersion with Droplet Number Concentration.
JO  - Journal of Climate
JF  - Journal of Climate
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 16
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3476
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948755
AB  - Observations show that an increase in anthropogenic aerosols leads to concurrent increases in the cloud droplet concentration and the relative dispersion of the cloud droplet spectrum, other factors being equal. It has been suggested that the increase in effective radius resulting from increased relative dispersion may substantially negate the indirect aerosol effect, but this is usually not parameterized in global climate models (GCMs). Empirical parameterizations, designed to represent the average of this effect, as well as its lower and upper bounds, are tested in the CSIRO GCM. Compared to a control simulation, in which the relative dispersion of the cloud droplet spectrum is prescribed separately over land and ocean, inclusion of this effect reduces the magnitude of the first indirect aerosol effect by between 12% and 35%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - OCEAN
N1  - Accession Number: 11188882; Rotstayn, Leon D. 1; Email Address: leon.rotstayn@csiro.au Yangang Liu, Leon D. 2; Affiliation:  1: CSIRO Atmospheric Research,  Aspendale,  Victoria, Australia.  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 16 Issue 21, p3476; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: OCEAN; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henshaw, William D.
AU  - Schwendeman, Donald W.
T1  - An adaptive numerical scheme for high-speed reactive flow on overlapping grids
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 191
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We describe a method for the numerical solution of high-speed reactive flow in complex geometries using overlapping grids and block-structured adaptive mesh refinement. We consider flows described by the reactive Euler equations with an ideal equation of state and various stiff reaction models. These equations are solved using a second-order accurate Godunov method for the convective fluxes and a Runge–Kutta time-stepping scheme for the source term modeling the chemical reactions. We describe an extension of the adaptive mesh refinement approach to curvilinear overlapping grids. Numerical results are presented showing the evolution to detonation in a quarter-plane provoked by a temperature gradient and the propagation of an overdriven detonation in an expanding channel. The first problem, which considers a one-step Arrhenius reaction model, is used primarily to validate the numerical method, while the second problem, which considers a three-step chain-branching reaction model, is used to illustrate mechanisms of detonation failure and rebirth for the channel geometry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - GEOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11098555; Henshaw, William D. 1; Email Address: henshaw@llnl.gov Schwendeman, Donald W. 2; Email Address: schwed@rpi.edu; Affiliation:  1: Centre for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 191 Issue 2, p420; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00323-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutherland, James C.
AU  - Kennedy, Christopher A.
T1  - Improved boundary conditions for viscous, reacting, compressible flows
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 191
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 502
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Previous studies on physical boundary conditions for flame–boundary interactions of an ideal, multicomponent, compressible gas have neglected reactive source terms in their boundary condition treatments. By combining analyses of incompletely parabolic systems with those based on the hyperbolic Euler equations, a rational set of boundary conditions is determined to address this shortcoming. Accompanying these conditions is a procedure for implementation into a multidimensional code. In the limits of zero reaction rate or one species, the boundary conditions reduce in a predictable way to cases found in the literature. Application is made to premixed and nonpremixed flames in one and two dimensions to establish efficacy. Inclusion of source terms in boundary conditions derived from characteristic analysis is essential to avoid unphysical generation of pressure and velocity gradients as well as flow reversals. Minor deficiencies in the boundary conditions are attributed primarily to the diffusive terms. Imposing vanishing diffusive boundary-normal flux gradients works better than imposing vanishing fluxes but neither is entirely satisfactory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GASES
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - Boundary conditions
KW  - Characteristic
KW  - Flame–boundary interaction
KW  - Navier–Stokes
KW  - Reacting flows
N1  - Accession Number: 11098558; Sutherland, James C. 1; Email Address: sutherland@crsim.utah.edu Kennedy, Christopher A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Fuels Engineering University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 191 Issue 2, p502; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boundary conditions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Characteristic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flame–boundary interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navier–Stokes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reacting flows; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00328-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11098558&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamolpornwijit, W.
AU  - Liang, L.
AU  - West, O.R.
AU  - Moline, G.R.
AU  - Sullivan, A.B.
T1  - Preferential flow path development and its influence on long-term PRB performance: column study
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 66
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 01697722
AB  - The operating life of an Fe0-based permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is limited due to chemical reactions of Fe0 in groundwater. The relative contributions from mineral precipitation, gas production, and microbial activity to the degradation of PRB performance have been uncertain. In this controlled field study, nitrate-rich, site groundwater was treated by Fe0 in large-volume, flow-through columns to monitor the changes in chemical and hydraulic parameters over time. Tracer tests showed a close relationship between hydraulic residence time and pH measurements. The ionic profiles suggest that mineral precipitation and accumulation is the primary mechanism for pore clogging around the inlet of the column. Accumulated N2 gas generated by biotic processes also affected the hydraulics although the effects were secondary to that of mineral precipitation. Quantitative estimates indicate a porosity reduction of up to 45.3% near the column inlet over 72 days of operation under accelerated flow conditions. According to this study, preferential flow through a PRB at a site with similar groundwater chemistry should be detected over ∼1 year of operation. During the early operation of a PRB, pH is a key indicator for monitoring the change in hydraulic residence time resulting from heterogeneity development. If the surrounding native material is more conductive than the clogged Fe-media, groundwater bypass may render the PRB ineffective for treating contaminated groundwater. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Microbial biotechnology
KW  - Iron compounds
KW  - Chemical reactions
KW  - Heterogeneity development
KW  - Long-term performance
KW  - Mineral precipitation
KW  - Permeable reactive barrier
KW  - Preferential flow
KW  - Zero-valent iron
N1  - Accession Number: 11112755; Kamolpornwijit, W. 1; Liang, L. 2; Email Address: liang@cf.ac.uk; West, O.R. 1; Moline, G.R. 1; Sullivan, A.B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6036, USA; 2: School of Engineering, Cardiff University, ENGIN4, P.O. Box 925, Queen's Buildings, The Parade, Newport Road, Cardiff CF24 0YF, UK; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 66 Issue 3/4, p161; Thesaurus Term: Microbial biotechnology; Subject Term: Iron compounds; Subject Term: Chemical reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity development; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long-term performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeable reactive barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zero-valent iron; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00031-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11112755&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsueh, Chun-Hway
T1  - Stress distribution and curvature in graded semiconductor layers
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 258
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 302
SN  - 00220248
AB  - The elastic stress distribution resulting from both lattice mismatch and thermal mismatch in a film/graded layer/substrate system is considered. Both numerical and analytical models have been developed previously to analyze this problem. An alternative analytical model is developed in the present study to derive the exact closed-form solution. Specific results are calculated for the GaAs/graded GaAs-Si/Si systems. The present results agree with existing numerical and analytical results. The difference between the present analytical model and existing analytical models is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARSENIDES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - A1. Modeling
KW  - A1. Stresses
KW  - B1. Graded layers
KW  - B2. Semiconducting gallium arsenide
N1  - Accession Number: 10925557; Hsueh, Chun-Hway 1; Email Address: hsuehc@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 258 Issue 3/4, p302; Subject Term: ARSENIDES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Graded layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting gallium arsenide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(03)01563-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roy, U.N.
AU  - Cui, Y.
AU  - Guo, M.
AU  - Groza, M.
AU  - Burger, A.
AU  - Wagner, Gregory J.
AU  - Carrig, Timothy J.
AU  - Payne, S.A.
T1  - Growth and characterization of Er-doped KPb2Cl5 as laser host crystal
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 258
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Single crystals of KPb2Cl5 were grown by vertical Bridgman technique from purified and synthesized material doped with Erbium up to a concentration of 5 mol% ErCl3. The purification was performed by zone refining at a rate of 3 cm/hr for 30 passes, with a final refining at a rate of 1 mm/hr. Segregation coefficient of Er3+ ions was found to be ∼0.5 for KPb2Cl5. The transmission through a 12-mm thick crystal was found to be ∼80%, the mid-infrared and visible up-conversion luminescence spectra are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ZONE melting
KW  - CHEMICALS -- Purification
KW  - ERBIUM
KW  - A1. Laser hosts
KW  - B1. Er3+
KW  - B1. KPb2Cl5
KW  - B3. Mid-IR laser
N1  - Accession Number: 10925560; Roy, U.N. 1; Email Address: uroy@fisk.edu Cui, Y. 1 Guo, M. 1 Groza, M. 1 Burger, A. 1 Wagner, Gregory J. 2 Carrig, Timothy J. 2 Payne, S.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Centre for Photonic Materials and Device, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37208-3051, USA  2: Coherent Technologies, Inc., 655 Aspen Ridge Drive, Lafayette, CO 80026, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail Code L-441, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 258 Issue 3/4, p331; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ZONE melting; Subject Term: CHEMICALS -- Purification; Subject Term: ERBIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Laser hosts; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Er3+; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. KPb2Cl5; Author-Supplied Keyword: B3. Mid-IR laser; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0248(03)01541-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Philips, D.H.
AU  - Watson, D.B.
AU  - Roh, Y.
AU  - Gu, B.
T1  - Mineralogical Characteristics and Transformations during Long-Term Operation of a Zerovalent iron Reactive Barrier.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2033
EP  - 2045
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Discusses means of improving the design and operation of iron permeable reactive barriers (PRB) by understanding the long-term mineralogical transformations.  Changes in mineral precipitates, cementation, and corrosion of iron filings within an in situ pilot-scale PRB; Degree of corrosion and cementation; Identification of cementing agents.
KW  - Mineralogy
KW  - Iron
N1  - Accession Number: 11540070; Philips, D.H. 1; Email Address: dhphillips2003@yahoo.com; Watson, D.B.; Roh, Y.; Gu, B.; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Issue Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2033; Thesaurus Term: Mineralogy; Thesaurus Term: Iron; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johansen, Mathew P.
AU  - Hakonson, Thomas E.
AU  - Whicker, F. Ward
AU  - Breshears, David d.
T1  - Pulsed Redistribution of a Contaminant Following Forest Fire: Cesium-137 in Runoff.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2150
EP  - 2157
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Discusses the use of rainfall simulation methods to quantify changes in concentration of a widely dispersed environmental contaminant in soils and surface water runoff following a major forest fire at Los Alamos, New Mexico.  Potential of landscape fire to rapidly concentrate contaminants; Deposition of concentrated radionuclides on the ground surface, erosion and transport of concentrated radionuclides; Evaluation of post-fire changes.
KW  - Forest fires
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Simulation methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 11540094; Johansen, Mathew P.; Email Address: Mjohansen@doeal.gov; Hakonson, Thomas E. 1; Whicker, F. Ward 1; Breshears, David d. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO; 2: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Issue Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2150; Thesaurus Term: Forest fires; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuhrmann, Mark
AU  - Lasat, Mitch
AU  - Ebbs, Stephen
AU  - Cornish, Jay
AU  - Kochian, Leon
T1  - Uptake and Release of Cesium-137 by Five Plant Species as Influenced by Soil Amendments in Field Experiments.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2272
EP  - 2279
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Determines the capacity of five plant species to accumulate cesiums and the effects of three soil treatments on uptake.  Negative effect of ammonium on plant uptake of cesium; Problem of soil contamination with cesium at nuclear installations; Information on biomass and plant uptake at a specific contaminated site.
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Plant species
KW  - Plant biomass
N1  - Accession Number: 11540122; Fuhrmann, Mark 1; Email Address: fuhrmann@bnl.gov; Lasat, Mitch 2; Ebbs, Stephen 3; Cornish, Jay 4; Kochian, Leon 5; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; 2: USEPA, National Center for Environmental Research (8722R), NW, Washington, DC; 3: Department of Plant Biology, 420 Life Science II, Southern Illinois University-Carbondale, Carbondale, IL; 4: MSE Technology Applications, Butte, MT; 5: USDA, U.S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; Issue Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2272; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Plant species; Thesaurus Term: Plant biomass; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sullivan, Enid J.
AU  - Bowman, Robert S.
AU  - Legiec, Irene A.
T1  - Sorption of Arsenic from Soil-Washing Leachate by Surfactant-Modified Zeolite.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2387
EP  - 2391
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Investigates the efficacy of surfactant-modified zeolite on nonpolar organics, inorganic anions, and inorganic cations dissolved in water.  Importance of post-treatment of leachate from soil-washing remedial actions; Role of ex situ processes in remediating contaminant source areas.
KW  - Zeolites
KW  - Soil absorption & adsorption
KW  - Leachate
N1  - Accession Number: 11540135; Sullivan, Enid J. 1; Email Address: ejs@lanl.gov; Bowman, Robert S. 2; Legiec, Irene A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, RRES Division, MS J599, Los Alamos, NM; 2: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Socorro, NM; 3: E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Jackson Lab, Chambers Works, Deepwater, NJ; Issue Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2387; Thesaurus Term: Zeolites; Thesaurus Term: Soil absorption & adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Leachate; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roberts, Jesse D.
AU  - Jepsen, Richard A.
AU  - James, Scoff C.
T1  - Measurements of Sediment Erosion and Transport with the Adjustable Shear Stress Erosion and Transport Flume.
JO  - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 129
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 862
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 07339429
AB  - Soil and sediments play an important role in water management and water quality. Issues such as water turbidity, associated contaminants, reservoir sedimentation, undesirable erosion and scour, and aquatic habitat are all linked to sediment properties and behaviors. In situ analysis is necessary to develop an understanding of the erosion and transport of sediments. Sandia National Laboratories has recently patented the Adjustable Shear Stress Erosion and Transport (ASSET) Flume that quantifies in situ erosion of a sediment core with depth while affording simultaneous examination of transport modes (bedload versus suspended load) of the eroded material. Core erosion rates and ratios of bedload to suspended load transport of quartz sediments were studied with the ASSET Flume. The erosion and transport of a fine-grained natural cohesive sediment were also observed. Experiments using quartz sands revealed that the ratio of suspended load to bedload sediment transport is a function of grain diameter and shear stress at the sediment surface. Data collected from the ASSET Flume were used to formulate a novel empirical relation for predicting the ratio of bedload to suspended load as a function of shear stress and grain diameter for noncohesive sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydraulic Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENT transport
KW  - RIVER sediments
KW  - EROSION
KW  - FLUMES
KW  - Bed load
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Flumes
KW  - Measurement.
KW  - Sediment transport
KW  - Suspended load
N1  - Accession Number: 11092360; Roberts, Jesse D. 1 Jepsen, Richard A. 2 James, Scoff C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Carlsbad Programs, Sandia National Laboratories, 4100 National Parks Highway, Carlsbad, NM 88220.  2: Mechanical Environments, Sandia National Laboratories, P0. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM  87185-1135.  3: Geohydrology Dept., Sandia National Laboratories,  P0. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM  87185-0735.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 129 Issue 11, p862; Subject Term: SEDIMENT transport; Subject Term: RIVER sediments; Subject Term: EROSION; Subject Term: FLUMES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bed load; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flumes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Measurement.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suspended load; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484220 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484230 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2003)129:11(862)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eng, Ken
AU  - Coulter, Richard L.
AU  - Brutsaert, Wilfried
T1  - Vertical Velocity Variance in the Mixed Layer from Radar Wind Profilers.
JO  - Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 10840699
AB  - Vertical velocity variance data were derived from remotely sensed mixed layer turbulence measurements at the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiments (ABLE) facility in Butler County, Kansas. These measurements and associated data were provided by a collection of instruments that included two 915 MHz wind profilers, two radio acoustic sounding systems, and two eddy correlation devices. The data from these devices were available through the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE) database operated by Argonne National Laboratory. A signal processing procedure outlined by Angevine et al. was adapted and further built upon to derive vertical velocity variance,&w'[SUP2]sline;, from 915 MHz wind profiler measurements in the mixed layer. The proposed procedure consisted of the application of a height-dependent signal-to-noise ratio SNR filter, removal of outliers plus and minus two standard deviations about the mean on the spectral width squared, and removal of the effects of beam broadening and vertical shearing of horizontal winds. The scatter associated with&w'[SUP2]sline;was mainly affected by the choice of SNR filter cutoff values. Several different sets of cutoff values were considered, and the optimal one was selected which reduced the overall scatter on&w'[SUP2]sline;and yet retained a sufficient number of data points to average. A similarity relationship of&w'[SUP2]sline;versus height was established for the mixed layer on the basis of the available data. A strong link between the SNR and growth/decay phases of turbulence was identified. Thus, the mid to late afternoon hours, when strong surface heating occurred, were observed to produce the highest quality signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrologic Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Dynamic meteorology
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Vertical wind shear
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Radar
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Turbulent boundary layers
KW  - Variance analysis
KW  - Wind
KW  - Wind velocity
N1  - Accession Number: 11092514; Eng, Ken 1; Coulter, Richard L. 2; Brutsaert, Wilfried 3; Affiliations: 1: Research Hydrologist, National Research Program,  U.S. Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley  Dr., Mail Stop 430, Reston, VA 20192.; 2: Meteorologist, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass  Ave.,  Argonne,  IL 60439.; 3: Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 220 Hollister Hall, Cornell Univ.,  Ithaca, NY 14853.; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p301; Thesaurus Term: Dynamic meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Remote sensing; Subject Term: Vertical wind shear; Subject Term: Detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulent boundary layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wind; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wind velocity; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2003)8:6(301)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ripp, S.
AU  - Daumer, K. A.
AU  - McKnight, T.
AU  - Levine, L. H.
AU  - Garland, J. L.
AU  - Simpson, M. L.
AU  - Sayler, G. S.
T1  - Bioluminescent bioreporter integrated-circuit sensing of microbial volatile organic compounds.
JO  - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology
JF  - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 30
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 636
EP  - 642
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 13675435
AB  - A bioluminescent bioreporter for the detection of the microbial volatile organic compound p­cymene was constructed as a model sensor for the detection of metabolic by-products indicative of microbial growth. The bioreporter, designated Pseudomonas putida UT93, contains a Vibrio fischeri luxCDABE gene fused to a p­cymene/p­cumate­inducible promoter derived from the P. putida F1 cym operon. Exposure of strain UT93 to 0.02–850 ppm p­cymene produced self-generated bioluminescence in less than 1.5 h. Signals in response to specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as m- and p­xylene and styrene, also occurred, but at twofold lower bioluminescent levels. The bioreporter was interfaced with an integrated-circuit microluminometer to create a miniaturized hybrid sensor for remote monitoring of p-cymene signatures. This bioluminescent bioreporter integrated-circuit device was capable of detecting fungal presence within approximately 3.5 h of initial exposure to a culture of p­cymene­producing Penicillium roqueforti. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - BIOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - CYMENE
KW  - WASTE products
KW  - BACTERIAL growth
KW  - MICROBIAL growth
KW  - bbic
KW  - bioluminescence
KW  - bioreporter
KW  - lux
KW  - mvoc
KW  - p-cymene
N1  - Accession Number: 12014217; Ripp, S. 1 Daumer, K. A. 2 McKnight, T. 3 Levine, L. H. 2 Garland, J. L. 2 Simpson, M. L. 1,3 Sayler, G. S. 1; Email Address: sayler@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1605, USA  2: Dynamac Corporation, Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, USA  3: Molecular-Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 30 Issue 11, p636; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: BIOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: CYMENE; Subject Term: WASTE products; Subject Term: BACTERIAL growth; Subject Term: MICROBIAL growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: bbic; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioreporter; Author-Supplied Keyword: lux; Author-Supplied Keyword: mvoc; Author-Supplied Keyword: p-cymene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Mark R.
AU  - Mulholland, George
AU  - Anderson, Charles
T1  - Experimental Cutting Tool Temperature Distributions.
JO  - Journal of Manufacturing Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Manufacturing Science & Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
EP  - 673
SN  - 10871357
AB  - High temperatures in machining cutting zones activate wear mechanisms that decrease tool life and increase production costs and yet this phenomenon is not fully understood nor characterized. Although experimental work has been performed, the techniques used have generally been difficult to apply, and lacked sufficient resolution and or acceptable accuracy. Theoretical predictions and computational simulations have been performed to gain further insight into this problem but could not be accurately validated due to the lack of sufficient experimental temperature data. Experimental techniques using modern, digital infrared imaging were developed and successfully applied during this study to gather cutting tool temperature distributions from orthogonal machining operations. This new process has seemingly overcome many problems associated with past experimental techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Manufacturing Science & Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CUTTING machines
KW  - PRODUCTION engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 11751873; Miller, Mark R. 1; Email Address: mrmiller@lanl.gov Mulholland, George 2 Anderson, Charles 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: New Mexico State University; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p667; Subject Term: CUTTING machines; Subject Term: PRODUCTION engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333515 Cutting Tool and Machine Tool Accessory Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamakoti, Preeti
AU  - Sholl, David S.
T1  - A comparison of hydrogen diffusivities in Pd and CuPd alloys using density functional theory
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 225
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 03767388
AB  - Plane wave density functional theory (DFT) is used to examine the binding and diffusion of dilute interstitial H in pure Pd, disordered fcc Cu48Pd52, and ordered bcc Cu50Pd50. Once zero-point (ZP) corrections and lattice relaxations are taken into account, the diffusion activation energy for interstitial H in pure Pd is in quantitative agreement with experimental data. Our DFT results indicate that the diffusion activation energy for interstitial H in ordered bcc Cu50Pd50 is over an order of magnitude smaller than that for pure Pd. We present a detailed description of the range of diffusion activation energies available for local hops of interstitial H in disordered fcc Cu48Pd52 and describe how the net activation energy for long-range H diffusion in this material can be inferred from these results. The variation in H binding energies and diffusion activation energies of interstitial H in bcc and fcc CuPd alloys as a function of alloy composition is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Metal membranes
KW  - Theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11251500; Kamakoti, Preeti 1 Sholl, David S. 1,2; Email Address: sholl@andrew.cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 225 Issue 1/2, p145; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.memsci.2003.07.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Walker, D.W.
AU  - Rana, O.F.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Williams, P.T.
AU  - Ward, R.C.
T1  - Engineering high-performance legacy codes as CORBA components for problem-solving environments
JO  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
JF  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 63
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1152
SN  - 07437315
AB  - This paper describes techniques used to leverage high-performance legacy codes as CORBA components to a distributed problem-solving environment. It first briefly introduces the software architecture adopted by the environment. Then it presents a CORBA oriented wrapper generator (COWG) which can be used to automatically wrap high-performance legacy codes as CORBA components. Two legacy codes have been wrapped with COWG. One is an MPI-based molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) code, the other is a finite element-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code for simulating incompressible Navier–Stokes flows. Performance comparisons between runs of the MDS CORBA component and the original MDS legacy code on a cluster of workstations and on a parallel computer are also presented. Wrapped as CORBA components, these legacy codes can be reused in a distributed computing environment. The first case shows that high-performance can be maintained with the wrapped MDS component. The second case shows that a Web user can submit a task to the wrapped CFD component through a Web page without knowing the exact implementation of the component. In this way, a user''s desktop computing environment can be extended to a high-performance computing environment using a cluster of workstations or a parallel computer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORBA (Computer architecture)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - CORBA components
KW  - High-performance legacy codes
KW  - Parallel and distributed computing
KW  - Problem-solving environments
KW  - Wrapper generator
N1  - Accession Number: 11253879; Li, M. 1; Email Address: maozhen.li@brunel.ac.uk Walker, D.W. 2 Rana, O.F. 2 Huang, Y. 2 Williams, P.T. 3 Ward, R.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK  2: School of Computer Science, Cardiff University, P.O.Box 916, Cardiff CF24 3XF, UK  3: Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O.Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6359, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 63 Issue 11, p1152; Subject Term: CORBA (Computer architecture); Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: CORBA components; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-performance legacy codes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel and distributed computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Problem-solving environments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wrapper generator; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpdc.2003.07.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhai
AU  - H.-J.
AU  - Wang
AU  - L.-S.
AU  - Alexandrova
AU  - A. N.
AU  - Boldyrev
AU  - A. I.
AU  - Zakrzewski
AU  - V. G.
T1  - Photoelectron Spectroscopy and ab Initio Study of B3- and B4- Anions and Their Neutrals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 107
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 9319
EP  - 9328
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The two smallest boron clusters (B3 and B4) in their neutral and anionic forms were studied by photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra were observed for B3- at three photon energies (355, 266, and 193 nm), and the electron affinity of B3 was measured to be 2.82 ± 0.02 eV. An unusually intense peak due to two-electron transitions was observed in the 193-nm spectrum of B3- at 4.55 eV and its origin was theoretically characterized. We confirmed that both B3- and B3 are π and σ aromatic systems with D3h symmetry. The photoelectron spectra of B4- were also obtained at the three photon energies, but much broader spectra were observed. The B4- anion was found to have the lowest electron detachment energy (~1.6 eV) among all boron clusters with three or more atoms, consistent with its extremely weak mass signals. The neutral B4 cluster was found to have a D2h rhombus structure, which is only slightly distorted from a perfect square. For B4-, we identified computationally two low-lying isomers (2B1u and 2Ag) both with D2h symmetry, with the 2B1u state slightly more stable, which is confirmed through comparison of the calculated spectra with the experimental spectra. The chemical bonding of the two small boron clusters is discussed in terms of aromaticity and antiaromaticity both in the π and σ frameworks. We demonstrated that the aromaticity and antiaromaticity concepts provide us a clear explanation of the chemical structure and bonding in these two boron clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - MOLECULAR spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 18482636; Zhai H.-J. 1 Wang L.-S. 1 Alexandrova A. N. 1 Boldyrev A. I. 1 Zakrzewski V. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 44, p9319; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectra; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hou
AU  - H.
AU  - Muckerman
AU  - J. T.
AU  - Liu
AU  - P.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
T1  - Computational Study of the Geometry and Properties of the Metcars Ti8C12 and Mo8C12.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 107
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 9344
EP  - 9356
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We report the results of extensive ab initio HF and post-HF (as well as DFT) studies of the “magic number” metallocarbohedrene (“metcar”) clusters Ti8C12 and Mo8C12 in various electronic states of Td symmetry and the Jahn-Teller-distorted D2d, C3v, and C1 symmetries. An essential feature of the present work is that it is a systematic study employing a hierarchy of theoretical methods to explore the effect of refining the treatment of electron correlation in determining the geometry and electronic ground state of these species. For Ti8C12, we show using relatively high-level theories such as MP2, MP4, and QCISD that the Aufbau principle for the occupation of the molecular orbitals is obeyed, resulting in a Jahn-Teller distortion of the proposed Td symmetry. These higher-level calculations identify a D2d structure close to Td symmetry for the electronic ground state and allow some of its chemical properties to be explored with confidence using a lower level of theory. The reactivity of Ti8C12 toward H2O, CO, and Cl is also investigated. It is found that Ti8C12 can act as a Lewis acid to accept lone pairs of electrons from H2O (Lewis base) and that it can also be oxidized by Cl atoms through electron donation from C2 units in Ti8C12 to the Cl mediated by a Ti dz2 orbital. Thus, a relationship among structure, electronic properties, and reactivity is established. For Mo8C12, we find that the Td structure is not subject to a Jahn-Teller effect, and it is a true minimum at the HF level; B3LYP DFT calculations prefer a lower-symmetry (near-D2) structure. The results of ab initio and DFT methods are compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - SYMMETRY
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 18482640; Hou H. 1 Muckerman J. T. 1 Liu P. 1 Rodriguez J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 44, p9344; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - W.
AU  - Gu
AU  - B.
AU  - Liang
AU  - L.
AU  - Hamilton
AU  - W. A.
T1  - Fabrication of Near-Infrared Photonic Crystals Using Highly-Monodispersed Submicrometer SiO2 Spheres.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 107
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 12113
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Silica (SiO2) spheres with diameters of 400-850 nm were prepared by hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of water and ammonia in an alcoholic medium. By grafting -SO3- groups on silica surfaces using the silane coupling agent, 2-(4-chlorosulfonylphenyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, surface charges of the SiO2 spheres were greatly enhanced. These highly charged, monodisperse SiO2 particles readily self-assemble into robust, three-dimensionally ordered crystalline colloidal array (CCA) photonic crystals in water suspension. By evaporating water in the CCA, high quality films of close-packed SiO2 particle-air arrays form with thickness of 25-125 μm. These SiO2 CCAs and close-packed SiO2 particle-air arrays diffract light in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region according to Bragg's law. By altering the particle number density in the CCA dispersions, the diffraction wavelength can be continuously tuned from ~800 to ~1800 nm. Additionally, the diffraction prevented light from transmitting through the CCA and the close-packed SiO2 particle-air array below ~550 nm spectral region. The CCA photonic crystal materials could be potentially used as tunable NIR optical filters and/or as photonic band gap materials in the UV-visible spectral region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - AMMONIA
N1  - Accession Number: 11361105; Wang W. 1 Gu B. 1 Liang L. 1 Hamilton W. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences and Condensed Matter Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and School of Engineering, Cardiff University, P.O. Box 925, Cardiff CF24 0YF, U.K.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 44, p12113; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: AMMONIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCabe
AU  - C.
AU  - Galindo
AU  - A.
AU  - Cummings
AU  - P. T.
T1  - Anomalies in the Solubility of Alkanes in Near-Critical Water.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 107
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 12307
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Recent theoretical and simulation studies suggest an unexpected shift in the solubility of n-alkanes in near-critical water, which would indicate that longer n-alkane molecules are more soluble than shorter ones. This trend is contrary to what one finds at ambient conditions, where longer alkanes generally have a lower aqueous solubility. The latter is usually interpreted as a consequence of the greater hydrophobicity of longer chains. There is also evidence that the reversal in the solubility close to the critical region may disappear at temperatures well above the critical point. We investigate these phenomena using a simplified version of the statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT) in which molecules are modeled as associating chains of hard-sphere segments with van der Waals mean-field dispersion interactions. Within the SAFT approach it is possible to take into account explicitly the extensive hydrogen bonding present in water and in aqueous solutions as well as the chainlike nature of the n-alkane molecules. Both of these features cause anisotropies in the molecular interactions and are responsible for the large nonideality of these systems. The SAFT-HS calculations are compared with available molecular dynamics simulations in an effort to further explore and understand this unexpected behavior. While the SAFT and simulation results agree concerning the reversal and rereversal seen in the Gibbs free energy of solvation (and equivalently the Henry's law constant), the SAFT results suggest that this is not related to changes in alkane solubility, since according to the SAFT calculations the alkanes and water are miscible at the temperature and pressure at which reversal and rereversal of the Gibbs free energy take place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - GIBBS' free energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11361129; McCabe C. 1 Galindo A. 1 Cummings P. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401; Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37235; and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 44, p12307; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: GIBBS' free energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
AU  - Nadiga, Balasubramanya T.
T1  - Modeling Mesoscale Turbulence in the Barotropic Double-Gyre Circulation.
JO  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
JF  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 33
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2355
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00223670
AB  - This paper presents analytical and numerical results for a class of turbulence closure models called “alpha models,” in which Lagrangian averaging and turbulence closure assumptions modify the Eulerian nonlinearity. The alpha models are investigated in the setting of the barotropic, double-gyre circulation in an ocean basin. Two variants of the alpha models for the barotropic vorticity (BV) equation are found to produce the correct four-gyre configuration for the mean barotropic circulation in numerical simulations performed at a resolution 4 times as coarse as that required in a resolved BV model. These are the BV-α model and the BV-Leray-α model. However, at a resolution 8 times as coarse, only the BV-α model produces the proper four-gyre configuration. Thus, the combination of modified nonlinearity and viscous dissipation (the viscosity is the same in all of the runs) in the BV-α model is found to provide a promising approach to modeling the mean effects of unresolved mesoscale (subgrid scale) activity in this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Viscosity
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Lagrange equations
N1  - Accession Number: 11188866; Holm, Darryl D. 1; Nadiga, Balasubramanya T. 2; Email Address: balu@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: T-Division and  CNLS, Los  Alamos National Laboratory, Los  Alamos, New  Mexico.; 2: Los  Alamos National Laboratory, Los  Alamos, New Mexico.; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 33 Issue 11, p2355; Thesaurus Term: Ocean; Thesaurus Term: Viscosity; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Lagrange equations; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Voronin, G.A.
AU  - Pantea, C.
AU  - Zerda, T.W.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
T1  - In situ X-ray diffraction study of germanium at pressures up to 11 GPa and temperatures up to 950 K
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 64
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2113
SN  - 00223697
AB  - In situ X-ray diffraction measurements on germanium were conducted in the pressure range of 5–11 GPa and temperatures up to 950 K. Using our data a better defined P–T diagram for germanium is presented. The coordinates of the triple point between GeI–GeII–GeL have been determined to a better degree of precision. The onsets of the GeI–GeII transition were found both under hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic conditions. Anisotropy of thermal expansion coefficient for the GeII is characterized from the <f>c/a</f> ratios in the temperature interval 473–823 K. Phases GeIII and GeIV are shown to be metastable forms of germanium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - HIGH pressure (Technology)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - C. High pressure
KW  - C. X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11040936; Voronin, G.A. 1; Email Address: g.voronin@tcu.edu Pantea, C. 1,2 Zerda, T.W. 1 Zhang, J. 2,3 Wang, L. 3 Zhao, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA  2: LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Center for High Pressure Research and Mineral Physics Institute, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 64 Issue 11, p2113; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Technology); Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-3697(03)00278-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng Chang
AU  - Nomura, M.
AU  - Fujii, Y.
T1  - Isotope effect of potassium in an aqueous/amalgam system.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 258
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
EP  - 518
SN  - 02365731
AB  - The isotope fractionation of potassium in an aqueous (KOH)/amalgam system has been studied. Two types of isotope effects with opposite isotope enrichment directions were observed in the electrolysis of potassium from the aqueous into the amalgam phase under constant electrolytic potentials. It was found that the first isotope effect causing the light isotope enriched in the amalgam is related to the kinetic process of the mass transfer through the aqueous/amalgam interface, while the second one leading to the enrichment of the heavy isotope in the amalgam phase is produced by the isotope-exchange equilibrium. The temperature dependence of the equilibrium isotope effect was also investigated using single-stage and multi-stage techniques. It was observed that the equilibrium isotope effect increases as the temperature increases in the range of 293-371 K. An empirical equation was used to fit the variations of the isotope effects with temperature for potassium together with the other alkaline and alkaline earth metals studied in the same system. The origin of the equilibrium isotope fractionation in the electron-exchange system was discussed. Furthermore, the mass dependence of the separation coefficients of the alkaline and alkaline earth metals observed in aqueous/amalgam and ion-exchange systems were compared. At 293 K the equilibrium isotope separation coefficient for the 39K/41K isotopes in the amalgam system was determined as (5.6±0.6).10-3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPE separation
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - AMALGAMS (Alloys)
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - RADIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15684165; Zheng Chang 1,2 Nomura, M. 1 Fujii, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152 Japan  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg 555A, Upton, NY, 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 258 Issue 3, p511; Subject Term: ISOTOPE separation; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: AMALGAMS (Alloys); Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: RADIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gatrone, R. C.
AU  - Dietz, M. L.
AU  - Mitchell, C. D.
AU  - Stevens, J.
AU  - Hoffman-Glass, S.
T1  - Steric effects as a basis for improved monovalent cation extraction selectivity in crown ethers.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 258
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 673
EP  - 676
SN  - 02365731
AB  - Incorporation into a 20-crown-6 of a bulky substituent capable of impeding cation/anion access to one face of the crown ether cavity is shown to afford compounds exhibiting good extraction selectivity for potassium ion over both alkaline earth cations (Ca2+, Sr2+) and other alkali metal ions (Na+, Cs+), an apparent result of diminished flexibility of the crown ether cavity, inhibition of the formation of extractable “sandwich' complexes with large cations, and the destabilizing effect of forcing charge-neutralizing counter anions to approach from one face of the crown cavity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STERIC hindrance
KW  - EXTRACTION (Chemistry)
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ALKALINE earth oxides
KW  - NUCLEAR chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15684141; Gatrone, R. C. 1,2; Email Address: rgatrone@vsu.edu Dietz, M. L. 2 Mitchell, C. D. 3 Stevens, J. 4 Hoffman-Glass, S. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Physics P.O. Box 9078, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Wilkes University Wilkes-Barre, PA 18766, USA  5: Department of Chemistry, Troy State University Troy, AL 36082, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 258 Issue 3, p673; Subject Term: STERIC hindrance; Subject Term: EXTRACTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth oxides; Subject Term: NUCLEAR chemistry; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Berg, Dale E.
T1  - Editorial.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 375
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Editorial.  Introduces the research papers on wind energy which appeared in the November 2003 issue of the "Journal of Solar Energy Engineering".  Aspects of wind energy.
KW  - WIND power
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - PERIODICAL publishing
N1  - Accession Number: 11897189; Berg, Dale E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p375; Subject Term: WIND power; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: PERIODICAL publishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511120 Periodical Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stol, Karl A.
AU  - Balas, Mark J.
T1  - Periodic Disturbance Accommodating Control for Blade Load Mitigation in Wind Turbines.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 385
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Performance of a model-based periodic gain controller for wind turbines is presented using Disturbance Accommodating Control (DAC) techniques to estimate fluctuating wind disturbances. The control objective is to regulate rotor speed at above-rated wind speeds while mitigating cyclic blade root loads. Actuation is via individual blade pitch, and sensors are limited to rotor angle and speed. The modeled turbine is a two-bladed, downwind machine with simple blade and tower flexibility having four degrees of freedom. Comparisons are made to a time-invariant DAC controller and to a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) design. Simulations are performed using a fluctuating wind input and a nonlinear turbine model. Results indicate that the state-space control designs are effective in reducing blade loads without a sacrifice in speed regulation. The periodic controller shows the most potential because it uses a time-varying turbine model to estimate unmeasured states. The use of additional sensors to help reconstruct the blade flap rate can significantly improve the level of load attenuation, as witnessed in full-state feedback results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - WIND power
KW  - TURBINES -- Blades
N1  - Accession Number: 11897168; Stol, Karl A. 1; Email Address: karl_stol@nrel.gov Balas, Mark J. 2; Email Address: mark.balas@colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory  2: Department of Aerospace Engineering Science, University of Colorado at Boulder; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p379; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: WIND power; Subject Term: TURBINES -- Blades; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, Alan D.
AU  - Balas, Mark J.
T1  - Design of State-Space-Based Control Algorithms for Wind Turbine Speed Regulation.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 386
EP  - 395
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Control can improve the performance of wind turbines by enhancing energy capture and reducing dynamic loads. At the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, we are beginning to design control algorithms for regulation of turbine speed and power using state-space control designs. In this paper, we describe the design of such a control algorithm for regulation of rotor speed in full-load operation (Region 3) for a two-bladed wind turbine. We base our control design on simple linear models or a turbine, which contain rotor and generator rotation, drive train torsion, rotor flap (first mode only), and tower fore-aft degrees of freedom (DOFs). Wind-speed fluctuations are accounted for using Disturbance Accommodating Control (DAC). We show the capability of these control schemes to stabilize the modeled turbine modes via pole placement, while using state estimation to reduce the number of turbine measurements that are needed for these algorithms. These controllers are incorporated into a simulation code and simulated for various conditions. Finally, conclusions to this work and future studies are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - WIND power
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
N1  - Accession Number: 11897169; Wright, Alan D. 1; Email Address: Alan_wright@nrel.gov Balas, Mark J. 2; Email Address: Mark.balas@colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory  2: Department of Aerospace Engineering Science, University of Colorado at Boulder; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p386; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: WIND power; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 21 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stol, Karl A.
T1  - Disturbance Tracking Control and Blade Load Mitigation for Variable-Speed Wind Turbines.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
EP  - 401
SN  - 01996231
AB  - A composite linear state-space controller was developed for a multi-objective problem in the variable-speed operation of wind turbines. Disturbance Tracking Control theory was applied to the design of a torque controller to optimize energy capture under the influence of persistent wind disturbances. A limitation in the theory for common multi-state models is described; this led to the design of a complementary pitch controller The goal of the independent blade pitch design was to minimize blade root fatigue loads. A SymDyn model of a two-bladed, 600-kW machine was used for the simulation studies. Results indicate a 24% reduction in blade fatigue damage using the proposed controllers, compared to a conventional torque-only design. However, energy capture was not improved as much as expected, partly due to nonlinearity effects degrading the performance of the state-space estimator design. Tower base fatigue damage was shown to decrease significantly using active pitch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - TURBINES -- Blades
KW  - WIND power
N1  - Accession Number: 11897170; Stol, Karl A. 1; Email Address: karl_stol@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p396; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: TURBINES -- Blades; Subject Term: WIND power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muljadi, E.
AU  - Butterfield, C.P.
T1  - Dynamic Simulation of a Wind Farm With Variable-Speed Wind Turbines.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 410
EP  - 417
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Wind power generation has increased very rapidly in the past few years. The total U.S. wind power capacity by the end of 2002 was 4,685 megawatts. As wind power capacity increases, it becomes increasingly important to study the impact of wind farm output on the surrounding power networks. In this paper; we attempt to simulate a wind farm by including the properties of the wind turbine, the wind speed time series, the characteristics of surrounding power network, and reactive power compensation. Mechanical stress and fatigue load of the wind turbine components are beyond the scope this paper. The paper emphasizes the impact of the wind farms on the electrical side of the power network. We investigate a typical wind farm with variable-speed wind turbines connected to an existing power grid. We also examine different control strategies for feeding wind energy into the power network and present the advantages and disadvantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND power plants
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - WIND power
N1  - Accession Number: 11897172; Muljadi, E. 1; Email Address: eduard muljadi@nrel.gov Butterfield, C.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Laboratory; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p410; Subject Term: WIND power plants; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: WIND power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 20 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schreck, S.
AU  - Robinson, M.
T1  - Boundary Layer State and Flow Field Structure Underlying Rotational Augmentation of Blade Aerodynamic Response.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 448
EP  - 456
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Blade rotation routinely and significantly augments aerodynamic forces during zero yaw horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) operation. To better understand the flow physics underlying this phenomenon, time dependent blade surface pressure data were acquired from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment (UAE), a full-scale HAWT tested in the NASA Ames 80-by-120-foot wind tunnel. Time records of surface pressures and normal force were processed to obtain means and standard deviations. Surface pressure means and standard deviations were analyzed to identify boundary layer separation and shear layer impingement locations. Separation and impingement kinematics were then correlated with normal force behavior. Results showed that rotational augmentation was linked to specific separation and impingement behaviors, and to associated three-dimensionality in surface pressure distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HORIZONTAL axis wind turbines
KW  - TURBINES -- Blades
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics)
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
N1  - Accession Number: 11897177; Schreck, S. 1 Robinson, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Research Division, National Renewable Energy Laboratory's National, Wind Technology Center; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p448; Subject Term: HORIZONTAL axis wind turbines; Subject Term: TURBINES -- Blades; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics); Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 5 Diagrams, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Griffin, Dayton A.
AU  - Ashwill, Thomas D.
T1  - Alternative Composite Materials for Megawatt-Scale Wind Turbine Blades: Design Considerations and Recommended Testing.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 521
SN  - 01996231
AB  - As part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Partnerships for Advanced Component Technologies program, Global Energy Concepts LLC (GEC) is performing a study concerning blades for wind turbines in the multi-megawatt range. Earlier in this project constraints to cost-effective scaling-up of the current commercial blade designs and manufacturing methods were identified, and candidate innovations in composite materials, manufacturing processes and structural configurations were assessed. In the present work, preliminary structural designs are developed for hybrid carbon fiber/fiberglass blades at system ratings of 3.0 and 5.0 MW. Structured performance is evaluated for various arrangements of the carbon blade spar, and critical performance aspects of the carbon material and blade structure are discussed. Recommendations are made for new testing of composite coupons and blade sub-structure to address the technical uncertainties identified in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - TURBINES -- Blades
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
KW  - GLOBAL Energy Concepts (Company)
N1  - Accession Number: 11897184; Griffin, Dayton A. 1 Ashwill, Thomas D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Global Energy Concepts, LLC  2: Wind Energy Technology Department, Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p515; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: TURBINES -- Blades; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy Company/Entity: GLOBAL Energy Concepts (Company); NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pandey, M.D.
AU  - Sutherland, H.J.
T1  - Probabilistic Analysis of LIST Data for the Estimation of Extreme Design Loads for Wind Turbine Components.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 540
SN  - 01996231
AB  - The robust estimation of wind turbine design loads for service lifetimes of 30 to 50 years that are based on limited field measurements is a challenging problem. Estimating the long-term load distribution involves the integration of conditional distributions of extreme loads over the mean wind speed and turbulence intensity distributions. However, the accuracy of the statistical extrapolation can be sensitive to both model and sampling errors. Using measured inflow and structural data from the Long Term Inflow and Structural Test (LIST) program, this paper presents a comparative assessment of extreme loads using three distributions: namely, the Gumbel, Weibull and Generalized Extreme Value distributions. The paper uses L-moments, in place of traditional product moments, with the purpose of reducing the sampling error. The paper discusses the effects of modeling and sampling errors and highlights the practical limitations of extreme value theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - TURBINES
KW  - WIND power
N1  - Accession Number: 11897186; Pandey, M.D. 1; Email Address: mdpandey@uwaterloo.ca Sutherland, H.J. 2; Email Address: hjsuthe@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo  2: Wind Energy Technology Department, Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p531; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: TURBINES; Subject Term: WIND power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Charts, 29 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Luke D.
AU  - Manuel, Lance
AU  - Sutherland, Herbert J.
AU  - Veers, Paul S.
T1  - Statistical Analysis of Wind Turbine Inflow and Structural Response Data From the LIST Program.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 550
SN  - 01996231
AB  - The Long-Term Inflow and Structural Test (LIST) program is gathering inflow and structural response data on a modified version of the Micon 65/13 wind turbine at a test site near Bushland, Texas. Data from 491 ten-minute time data records are analyzed here to determine the dependency of fatigue and extreme loads on inflow parameters. Flap and edge bending moment ranges at a blade root are chosen as the structural response variable, z. Various parameters related to the inflow (including, for example, primary parameters such as the mean and standard deviation of the hub-height horizontal wind speed, and secondary parameters such as Reynolds stresses, vertical shear exponent, etc.) are each considered in an inflow parameter vector, x. Time series for the structural response, z, are processed in order to obtain a structural response parameter, y, where in separate statistical studies, y is taken to be either an equivalent fatigue load or an extreme load. This study describes a procedure by which the important "dependencies" of y on the various variables contained in the inflow parameter vector, x, may be determined considering all the available data. These dependencies of y on x are then recomputed using only the data with above-rated mean wind speeds (taken to be approximately 13 m/s). The procedure employed is similar to other studies, but we do not bin the data sets by wind speed since dependencies in one wind speed bin may, be different from those in other bins. Also, our procedure, in sharp contrast to previous studies, examines each inflow parameter in the vector, x, in a sequential analysis, rather than by using multivariate regression. Results from the present study suggest that the primary inflow parameters have a small amount of predictive power in establishing fatigue and extreme loads. In addition, large correlations that exist between several of the secondary parameters individually and each of the primary parameters make it difficult for the secondary parameters to provide any additional explanation of turbine response once the primary parameters have been accounted for. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - WIND power
KW  - BUSHLAND (Tex.)
KW  - TEXAS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11897187; Nelson, Luke D. 1 Manuel, Lance 1 Sutherland, Herbert J. 2 Veers, Paul S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Austin  2: Wind Energy Technology Department, Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p541; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: WIND power; Subject Term: BUSHLAND (Tex.); Subject Term: TEXAS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 11 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yih-huei Wan
AU  - Milligan, Michael
AU  - Parsons, Brian
T1  - Output Power Correlation Between Adjacent Wind Power Plants.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 125
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 551
EP  - 555
SN  - 01996231
AB  - The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) started a project in 2000 to record long-term, high-frequency (l-Hz) wind power data from large commercial wind power plants in the Midwestern United States. Outputs from about 330 MW of installed wind generating capacity from wind power plants in Lake Benton, MN, and Storm Lake, Iowa, are being recorded. Analysis of the collected data shows that although very short-term wind power fluctuations are stochastic, the persistent nature of wind and the large number of turbines in a wind power plant tend to limit the magnitude of fluctuations and rate of change in wind power production. Analyses of power data confirms that spatial separation of turbines greatly reduces variations in their combined wind power output when compared to the output of a single wind power plant. Data show that high-frequency variations of wind power from two wind power plants 200 km apart are independent of each other; but low-frequency power changes can be highly correlated. This fact suggests that time-synchronized power data and meteorological data can aid in the development of statistical models for wind power forecasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND power plants
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - MIDWEST (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 11897188; Yih-huei Wan 1; Email Address: yih-huei_wan@nrel.gov Milligan, Michael 1; Email Address: michael_milligan@nrel.gov Parsons, Brian 1; Email Address: brian_parsons@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 125 Issue 4, p551; Subject Term: WIND power plants; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Subject Term: MIDWEST (U.S.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 4 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berntson, A.
AU  - Stojanoff, V.
AU  - Takai, H.
T1  - Application of a neural network in high-throughput protein crystallography.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 09090495
AB  - Explores the use of a cascade-correlation neural network to monitor protein diffraction patterns.  Protein crystallography; Image recognition; Sigmoid functions.
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11301409; Berntson, A. 1 Stojanoff, V. 1; Email Address: stojanof@bnl.gov Takai, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 10 Issue 6, p445; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heyliger, Paul R.
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Sudook Kim
AU  - Reimanis, Ivar
T1  - Elastic constants of layers in isotropic laminates.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 114
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2618
EP  - 2625
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The individual laminae elastic constants in multilayer laminates composed of dissimilar isotropic layers were determined using ultrasonic-resonance spectroscopy and the linear theory of elasticity. Ultrasonic resonance allows one to measure the free-vibration response spectrum of a traction-free solid under periodic vibration. These frequencies depend on pointwise density, laminate dimensions, layer thickness, and layer elastic constants. Given a material with known mass but unknown constitution, this method allows one to extract the elastic constants and density of the constituent layers. This is accomplished by measuring the frequencies and then minimizing the differences between these and those calculated using the theory of elasticity for layered media to select the constants that best replicate the frequency-response spectrum. This approach is applied to a three-layer, unsymmetric laminate of WpCu, and very good agreement is found with the elastic constants of the two constituent materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAMINATED materials
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - ULTRASONIC waves
KW  - SOUND waves
KW  - ULTRASONICS
KW  - TRANSMISSION of sound
KW  - SOUND
N1  - Accession Number: 20589648; Heyliger, Paul R. 1 Ledbetter, Hassel 2 Sudook Kim 3 Reimanis, Ivar 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory (E536), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305  4: Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 114 Issue 5, p2618; Subject Term: LAMINATED materials; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC waves; Subject Term: SOUND waves; Subject Term: ULTRASONICS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION of sound; Subject Term: SOUND; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1618754
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mobley, Joel
AU  - Waters, Kendall R.
AU  - Miller, James G.
T1  - Finite-bandwidth effects on the causal prediction of ultrasonic attenuation of the power-law form.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 114
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2782
EP  - 2790
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations exist as a consequence of causality, placing nonlocal constraints on the relationship between dispersion and absorption. The finite-bandwidth method of applying these relations is examined where the K-K integrals are restricted to the spectrum of the experimental data. These finite-bandwidth K-K relations are known to work with resonant-type data and here are applied to dispersion data consistent with a power-law attenuation coefficient (exponent from 1 to 2). Bandwidth-restricted forms of the zero and once-subtracted K-K relations are used to determine the attenuation coefficient from phase velocity. Analytically, it is shown that these transforms produce the proper power-law form of the attenuation coefficient as a stand-alone term summed with artifacts that are dependent on the integration limits. Calculations are performed to demonstrate how these finite-bandwidth artifacts affect the K-K predictions under a variety of conditions. The predictions are studied in a local context as a function of subtraction frequency, bandwidth, and power-law exponent. The K-K predictions of the power-law exponent within various decades of the spectrum are also examined. In general, the agreement between finite-bandwidth K-K predictions and exact values grows as the power-law exponent approaches 1 and with increasing bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASONICS
KW  - SOUND
KW  - ULTRASONIC waves
KW  - SOUND waves
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 20589663; Mobley, Joel 1 Waters, Kendall R. 2 Miller, James G. 2; Email Address: james.g.miller@wustl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101  2: Laboratory for Ultrasonics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 114 Issue 5, p2782; Subject Term: ULTRASONICS; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC waves; Subject Term: SOUND waves; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1621394
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wagh, Arun S.
AU  - Jeong, Seung Y.
T1  - Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramics: I, A Dissolution Model of Formation.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 86
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1838
EP  - 1844
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - This is the first of three papers in which the kinetics of formation of chemically bonded phosphate ceramics is discussed. A literature survey indicates that the formation of such ceramics is a three-step process. First, oxides dissolve in a phosphoric acid or an acid phosphate solution and metal ions are released into the solution. The aquoions formed from these cations then react with phosphate anions and form a gel of metal hydrophosphates. In the last step, the saturated gel crystallizes into a ceramic. In this paper, we have proposed that the dissolution is the controlling step and developed a general dissolution model of the kinetics of formation of these ceramics. As an example, the model is used to discuss the kinetics of formation of magnesium phosphate ceramics in detail. In the second and third papers, the model has been used to develop processes to form ceramics of alumina and iron oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - AQUA ions
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 11427422; Wagh, Arun S. 1 Jeong, Seung Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 86 Issue 11, p1838; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: AQUA ions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wagh, Arun S.
AU  - Grover, Susan
AU  - Jeong, Seung Y.
T1  - Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramics: II, Warm-Temperature Process for Alumina Ceramics.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 86
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1845
EP  - 1849
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - This is the second of three papers on a dissolution model that describes the formation of chemically bonded phosphate ceramies. In this paper, we discuss the kinetics of formation of aluminum phosphate ceramics between 100° and 150°C. Using basic thermodynamic formulations, we calculated the temperatures of maximum solubility of alumina and its hydrated phases and predicted the temperatures of formation of ceramics. Differential thermal and X-ray diffraction analyses on samples made in the laboratory confirm these temperatures. The resulting ceramics of alumina bonded with aluminum phosphate (berlinite) show a high compressive strength of 16 000 psi. We have concluded that rapid evaporation of excess water in the slurry generates porosity in the ceramics, and that better processing methods are needed. A consolidation model is presented that describes the microstructure of the ceramic. It predicts that a very small amount of alumina must be converted to form the bonding phase; hence, the product is mostly alumina with a thin coating of berlinite on the surface of alumina particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - SOLUBILITY
KW  - COMPRESSIBILITY
N1  - Accession Number: 11427423; Wagh, Arun S. 1 Grover, Susan 2,3 Jeong, Seung Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  2: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, Indiana  3: Andrews Environmental Engineering, Inc., Indiana; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 86 Issue 11, p1845; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: SOLUBILITY; Subject Term: COMPRESSIBILITY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wagh, Arun S.
AU  - Jeong, Seung Y.
T1  - Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramics: III, Reduction Mechanism and Its Application to Iron Phosphate Ceramics.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 86
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1850
EP  - 1855
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - In this, the last of a series of three papers, we discuss a method of forming iron phosphate ceramics by a reduction process. We report the formation of iron oxide ceramics by reducing hematite with iron in a phosphoric acid solution. The reaction results in a rapid-setting ceramic (at room temperature) with a compressive strength of 3700 psi and a density of 1.7 g/cm³. Although the exact mineral form of the binder is difficult to determine because it is mostly amorphous and hence is not amenable to X-ray diffraction analyses, this material is expected to consist of iron hydrophosphates. The reduction process is very useful in recycling several industrial wastes that are rich in hematite, including iron mine tailings, red mud (a caustic waste from the alumina industry), and machining swarfs. Formation of ceramics with red mud and swarfs is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - IRON compounds
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - HEMATITE
N1  - Accession Number: 11427424; Wagh, Arun S. 1 Jeong, Seung Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 86 Issue 11, p1850; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: IRON compounds; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: HEMATITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Opitz, Mathew R.
AU  - Albertsen, Knuth
AU  - Beeson, James J.
AU  - Hennings, Detlev F.
AU  - Routbort, Jules L.
AU  - Randall, Clive A.
T1  - Kinetic Process of Reoxidation of Base Metal Technology BaTiO[sub3]-Based Multilayer Capacitors.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 86
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1879
EP  - 1884
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Base metal technology, mainly using Ni electrodes in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), is now well established. This technology requires a so-called reoxidation treatment after sintering the MLCCs in a reducing atmosphere to guarantee a sufficient electrical reliability. Large numbers of electrodes, and production of physically larger components for high-voltage components, are two technological trends that make the control of the reoxidation process rather difficult. The reoxidation process has been studied to determine oxygen diffusion pathways into commercial MLCCs, using [sup 18]O tracer diffusion and finite element calculations. In MLCCs oxygen diffusion mainly occurs along the Ni electrodes. Furthermore, the reoxidation process is mostly controlled by the thermodynamic potential of the Ni/NiO equilibrium in the interior of the capacitor, but it is the short circuit diffusion along the interface of the electrode that controls the kinetics of the oxygen transport into the interior of the capacitor device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL electrodes
KW  - CERAMIC capacitors
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - FINITE element method
N1  - Accession Number: 11427429; Opitz, Mathew R. 1 Albertsen, Knuth 2 Beeson, James J. 3 Hennings, Detlev F. 4 Routbort, Jules L. 5 Randall, Clive A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Dielectric Studies, The Pennsylvania State University  2: Ferro Electronic Materials B.V., Netherlands  3: Kemet Electronics Corporation, South Carolina  4: Philips Research Laboratories, Germany  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 86 Issue 11, p1879; Subject Term: NICKEL electrodes; Subject Term: CERAMIC capacitors; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schäfer, Mathias
AU  - Schmuck, Carsten
AU  - Heil, Martin
AU  - Cooper, Helen J.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Chalmers, Michael J.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Determination of the activation energy for unimolecular dissociation of a non-covalent gas-phase peptide:substrate complex by infrared multiphoton dissociation fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 14
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1282
SN  - 10440305
AB  - The activation energy for the unimolecular dissociation of a non-covalent supramolecular complex between an Artificial Cationic Receptor <B>A</B> ([Gua-Val-Val-Val-Amide]+, in which Gua is guanidiniocarbonyl pyrrole) and an Anionic Tetrapeptide <B>B</B> ([N-Acetyl-Val-Val-Ile-Ala]−) has been determined by measurement of the dissociation rate constant as a function of infrared CO2 laser power density. Singly-charged quasimolecular [A + B + H]+ ions are isolated, stored in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer, and irradiated by IR photons. The rate constant for dissociation of the non-covalent complex is determined at five different laser power densities. A plot of the natural logarithm of the first-order rate constant versus the natural logarithm of the laser power density yields a straight line, the slope of which provides an approximate measure of the activation energy (Ealaser) for dissociation. Ealaser is calculated by a relationship derived earlier by Dunbar and with a newly proposed equation by Paech et al. The results of the two approaches deliver significantly different activation energy values for the unimolecular dissociation of the non-covalent complex. We obtain EaIlaser = 0.67 eV (Dunbar approximation) and EaIIlaser = 1.12 eV (Paech et al. approximation). Differences between the two approaches are discussed with respect to non-covalent complexes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - LOGARITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 11174871; Schäfer, Mathias 1; Email Address: mathias.schaefer@uni-koeln.de Schmuck, Carsten 2 Heil, Martin 2 Cooper, Helen J. 3 Hendrickson, Christopher L. 3 Chalmers, Michael J. 3 Marshall, Alan G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Organic Chemistry, University Cologne, Köln, Germany  2: Institute for Organic Chemistry, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany  3: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 14 Issue 11, p1282; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: LOGARITHMS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00576-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goeringer, Douglas E.
T1  - Factors influencing the analytical performance of an atmospheric sampling glow discharge ionization source as revealed via ionization dynamics modeling
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 14
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1315
SN  - 10440305
AB  - A kinetic model is developed for the dynamic events occurring within an atmospheric sampling glow discharge that affect its performance as an ion source for analytical mass spectrometry. The differential equations incorporate secondary electron generation and thermalization, reagent and analyte ion formation via electron capture and ion-molecule reactions, ion loss via recombination processes, diffusion, and ion-molecule reactions with matrix components, and the sampling and pumping parameters of the source. Because the ion source has a flow-through configuration, the number densities of selected species can be estimated by applying the steady-state assumption. However, understanding of its operation is aided by knowledge of the dynamic behavior, so numerical methods are applied to examine the time dependence of those species as well. As in other plasma ionization sources, the ionization efficiency is essentially determined by the ratio of the relevant ion formation and recombination rates. Although thermal electron and positive reagent ion number densities are comparable, the electron capture/ion-molecule reaction rate coefficient ratio is normally quite large and the ion-electron recombination rate coefficient is about an order of magnitude greater than that for ion-ion recombination. Consequently, the efficiency for negative analyte ion formation via electron capture is generally superior to that for positive analyte ion generation via ion-molecule reaction. However, the efficiency for positive analyte ion formation should be equal to or better than that for negative analyte ions when both ionization processes occur via ion-molecule reaction processes (with comparable rate coefficients), since the negative reagent ion density is considerably less than that for positive reagent ions. Furthermore, the particularly high number densities of thermal electrons and reagent ions leads to a large dynamic range of linear response for the source. Simulation results also suggest that analyte ion number densities might be enhanced by modification of the standard physical and operating parameters of the source. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLOW discharges
KW  - IONS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ELECTRON capture
KW  - THERMAL electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 11174875; Goeringer, Douglas E. 1; Email Address: goeringerde@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 14 Issue 11, p1315; Subject Term: GLOW discharges; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ELECTRON capture; Subject Term: THERMAL electrons; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00575-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lundquist, Julie K.
T1  - Intermittent and Elliptical Inertial Oscillations in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 60
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 2661
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - As a convective boundary layer over land decays in the late afternoon, the atmosphere responds to the release of turbulent stresses. For many years, this response has been presumed to take the form of an inertial oscillation, a horizontal circulation with a frequency equal to the local Coriolis frequency, though published documentation of inertial oscillations in the atmosphere has been rare. In fact, documentation of inertial oscillations has been more associated with frontal passages than with the evening transition of the atmospheric boundary layer. A month of boundary layer wind profiler data from the Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study-1999 field program is analyzed here with the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT), which allows analysis of intermittent, nonstationary, and amplitude-varying wave events. Inertial motions are found in this dataset, but neither the onset times of these inertial motions nor the preferred levels of occurrence are consistent with the evening-transition hypothesis. Rather, significant correlations of inertial motions with frontal passages are observed. The elliptical nature of the observed inertial motions is consistent with amplification by deformation frontogenesis. The HHT is first demonstrated with a 5-day time series of temperature data to illustrate how the technique allows simultaneous identification of the stationary diurnal temperature cycle, as well as intermittent and nonstationary cooling events like frontal passages and density currents. The age of one density current is calculated from its dispersion characteristics, verifying that the density current in question results from rapid cooling near sunset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology)
KW  - CORIOLIS force
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - DYNAMIC meteorology
KW  - ROTATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11097827; Lundquist, Julie K. 1; Email Address: jkl@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence  Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 60 Issue 21, p2661; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology); Subject Term: CORIOLIS force; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: DYNAMIC meteorology; Subject Term: ROTATION; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Allison A.
T1  - Bioceramics for implant coatings
JO  - Materials Today
JF  - Materials Today
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 6
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 26
SN  - 13697021
AB  - During the past century, synthetic materials and devices have been developed to the point at which they can be used successfully to replace and/or restore function to diseased or damaged tissues. In the field of orthopedics, the use of metal implants has significantly improved the quality of life for countless individuals. Critical factors for implant success include proper design, material selection, and biocompatibility.Early research in this field focused on understanding the biomechanical properties of metal implants, but recent work has turned toward improving the biological properties of these devices. This has led to the introduction of calcium phosphate (CaP) bioceramics as a bioactive interface between the bulk metal impart and the surrounding tissue. The first CaP coatings were produced via vapor phase processes, but more recently solution-based and biomimetic methods have emerged. While each approach has its own intrinsic materials and biological properties, in general CaP coatings promise to improve implant biocompatibility and ultimately implant longevity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Today is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMEDICAL materials
KW  - ARTIFICIAL implants
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - BIOMEDICAL engineering
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - BIOCOMPATIBILITY
N1  - Accession Number: 11111649; Campbell, Allison A. 1; Email Address: allison.campbell@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999; K8-84, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 6 Issue 11, p26; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL materials; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL implants; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL engineering; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: BIOCOMPATIBILITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1369-7021(03)01128-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ROBERTSON, A. N.
AU  - FARRAR, C. R.
AU  - SOHN, H.
T1  - SINGULARITY DETECTION FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING USING HOLDER EXPONENTS
JO  - Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing
JF  - Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1163
SN  - 08883270
AB  - The majority of structural health monitoring studies reported in the technical literature focus on identifying damage-sensitive features that can be extracted from dynamic response data. However, many of these studies assume the structure can be modelled as a linear system before and after damage and use parameters of these models as the damage-sensitive features. The study summarised in this paper proposes a damage-sensitive feature that takes advantage of the non-linearities associated with discontinuities introduced into the dynamic response data as a result of certain types of damage. Specifically, the Holder exponent, a measure of the degree to which a signal is differentiable, is the feature that is used to detect the presence of damage and determine when that damage occurred. A procedure for capturing the time-varying nature of the Holder exponent based on wavelet transforms is demonstrated through applications to non-stationary random signals with underlying discontinuities and then to a harmonically excited mechanical system that contains a loose part. Also, a classification procedure is developed to quantify when changes in the Holder exponent are significant. The results presented herein show the Holder exponent to be an effective feature for identifying damage that introduces discontinuities into the measured dynamic response data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUILDINGS
KW  - ELECTRIC machinery -- Monitoring
KW  - MODELING (Sculpture)
N1  - Accession Number: 10568207; ROBERTSON, A. N. 1 FARRAR, C. R. 1 SOHN, H.; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, Weapon Response Group, Mail Stop T001, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, <cny cny-code="US">U.S.A.</cny><fn id="f1">sohn@lanl.gov</fn>; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p1163; Subject Term: BUILDINGS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC machinery -- Monitoring; Subject Term: MODELING (Sculpture); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327420 Gypsum Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1006/mssp.2002.1569
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGowan, K.E.
AU  - Charles, P.A.
AU  - D'Donoghue, D.
AU  - Smale, A.P.
T1  - Correlated optical and X-ray variability in LMC X-2.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 345
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1039
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We have obtained high time resolution (seconds) photometry of LMC X-2 in 1997 December, simultaneously with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer ( RXTE), in order to search for correlated X-ray and optical variability on time-scales from seconds to hours. We find that the optical and X-ray data are correlated only when the source is in a high, active X-ray state. Our analysis shows evidence for the X-ray emission leading the optical with a mean delay of <20 s. The time-scale for the lag can be reconciled with disc reprocessing, driven by the higher-energy X-rays, only by considering the lower limit for the delay. The results are compared with a similar analysis of archival data of Sco X-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL photometry
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - BINARY stars
KW  - X-ray astronomy
KW  - ASTRONOMY
N1  - Accession Number: 11168788; McGowan, K.E. 1,2; Email Address: mcgowan@lanl.gov Charles, P.A. 2,3 D'Donoghue, D. 4 Smale, A.P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Univ. of Oxford  3: Univ. of Southampton  4: South African Astronomical Observatory  5: Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics, Greenbelt, MD; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 345 Issue 3, p1039; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL photometry; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: BINARY stars; Subject Term: X-ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.07029.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sangil Kim, H.B.
AU  - Eyink, Gregory L.
AU  - Restrepo, Juan M.
AU  - Alexander, Francis J.
AU  - Johnson, Gregory
T1  - Ensemble Filtering for Nonlinear Dynamics.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 131
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2586
EP  - 2594
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - A method for data assimilation currently being developed is the ensemble Kalman filter. This method evolves the statistics of the system by computing an empirical ensemble of sample realizations and incorporates measurements by a linear interpolation between observations and predictions. However, such an interpolation is only justified for linear dynamics and Gaussian statistics, and it is known to produce erroneous results for nonlinear dynamics with far-from-Gaussian statistics. For example, the ensemble Kalman filter method, when used in models with multimodal statistics, fails to track state transitions correctly. Here alternative ensemble methods for data assimilation into nonlinear dynamical systems, in particular, those with a large state space are studied. In these methods conditional probabilities at measurement times are calculated by applying Bayes's rule. These results show that the new methods accurately track the transitions between likely states in a system with bimodal statistics, in which the ensemble Kalman filter method does not perform well. The proposed new ensemble methods are conceptually simple and potentially applicable to large-scale problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KALMAN filtering
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11280273; Sangil Kim, H.B. 1 Eyink, Gregory L. 2; Email Address: eyink@mts.jhu.edu Restrepo, Juan M. 1 Alexander, Francis J. 3 Johnson, Gregory 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, The University of  Arizona, Tucson, Arizona  2: Department of Mathematical Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.  3: CCS-3, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 131 Issue 11, p2586; Subject Term: KALMAN filtering; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wurtz
AU  - G. A.
AU  - Hranisavljevic
AU  - J.
AU  - Wiederrecht
AU  - G. P.
T1  - Electromagnetic Scattering Pathways for Metallic Nanoparticles:  A Near-Field Optical Study.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 3
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1511
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy is used at 415.4 nm to investigate the normal component of the field scattered by silver and gold nanoparticles. Resonant excitation of the plasmon for silver produces a confined field distribution in the vicinity of the particle. For gold, driven off-resonance, the near-field response shows a pronounced contribution from propagating components to the scattered field. The differing near-field features are analyzed by considering the polarizability of the particles, the spatial evolution of the field as a function of distance from the sample, and the interactions with the near-field probe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SILVER
KW  - GOLD
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11385575; Wurtz G. A. 1 Hranisavljevic J. 1 Wiederrecht G. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 3 Issue 11, p1511; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: PLASMONS (Physics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ding
AU  - S.-Y.
AU  - Jones
AU  - M.
AU  - Tucker
AU  - M. P.
AU  - Nedeljkovic
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Wall
AU  - J.
AU  - Simon
AU  - M. N.
AU  - Rumbles
AU  - G.
AU  - Himmel
AU  - M. E.
T1  - Quantum Dot Molecules Assembled with Genetically Engineered Proteins.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 3
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1581
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We report the assembly of quantum dots using an approach that attempts to capitalize on the self-assembling properties of naturally occurring proteins. Colloidal quantum dots made of cadmium selenide core and a zinc sulfide shell, (CdSe)ZnS, were incubated with a genetically modified, bacterial cellulosomal protein, cohesin, and the resultant mixture subjected to fractionation using high-pressure size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). We note that the HPSEC profile is distinctly bimodal. The peak corresponding to particles of larger effective hydrodynamic radius (Re) contains a plethora of sizable protein-coated, quantum dot assemblies with a predominance of structures that are trefoil-shaped. The fraction corresponding to particles of smaller Re contains individual, protein-coated quantum dots that are chemically different from their larger counterparts. This overall procedure is shown to successfully assemble novel quantum dot bioconjugates that exhibit light harvesting properties as well as providing an effective method of purifying quantum dot samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 11385591; Ding S.-Y. 1 Jones M. 1 Tucker M. P. 1 Nedeljkovic J. M. 1 Wall J. 1 Simon M. N. 1 Rumbles G. 1 Himmel M. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Bioenergy Center and Center for Basic Science, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 3 Issue 11, p1581; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Junshui Ma
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - Perkins, Simon
T1  - Accurate On-line Support Vector Regression.
JO  - Neural Computation
JF  - Neural Computation
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 15
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2683
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 08997667
AB  - Batch implementations of support vector regression (SVR) are inefficient when used in an on-line setting because they must be retrained from scratch every time the training set is modified. Following an incremental support vector classification algorithm introduced by Cauwenberghs and Poggio (2001), we have developed an accurate on-line support vector regression (AOSVR) that efficiently updates a trained SVR function whenever a sample is added to or removed from the training set. The updated SVR function is identical to that produced by a batch algorithm. Applications of AOSVR in both on-line and cross-validation scenarios are presented. In both scenarios, numerical experiments indicate that AOSVR is faster than batch SVR algorithms with both cold and warm start. This article is organized as follows. The formulation of the SVR problem and the development of the Karush-Kuhn- Tucker (KKT) conditions that its solution must satisfy are presented in section 2. The incremental SVR algorithm is derived in section 3, and a decremental version is described in section 4. Two applications of the AOSVR algorithm are presented in section 5, along with a comparison to batch algorithms uing both cold start and warm start. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Neural Computation is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - VECTOR analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 10921208; Junshui Ma 1; Email Address: junshuima@yahoo.com Theiler, James 2; Email Address: jt@lanl.gov Perkins, Simon 2; Email Address: s.perkins@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Aureon Biosciences Corp., U.S.A.  2: NIS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 15 Issue 11, p2683; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: VECTOR analysis; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/089976603322385117
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaffe, Andrew H.
AU  - Abroe, Matthew
AU  - Borrill, Julian
AU  - Collins, Jeff
AU  - Ferreira, Pedro
AU  - Hanany, Shaul
AU  - Johnson, Brad
AU  - Lee, Adrian T.
AU  - Matsumura, Tomotake
AU  - Rabii, Bahman
AU  - Renbarger, Tom
AU  - Richards, Paul
AU  - Smoot, George F.
AU  - Stompor, Radek
AU  - Tran, Huan
AU  - Winant, Celeste
AU  - Proty Wu, Jiun-Huei
T1  - Recent results from the MAXIMA experiment
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 47
IS  - 8-10
M3  - Article
SP  - 727
SN  - 13876473
AB  - MAXIMA is a balloon-borne platform for measuring the anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). It has measured the CMB power spectrum with a 10-arcmin FWHM beam, corresponding to a detection of the power spectrum out to spherical harmonic multipole <f>ℓ∼1000</f>. The spectrum is consistent with a flat Universe with a nearly scale-invariant initial spectrum of adiabatic density fluctuations. Moreover, the MAXIMA data are free from any notable non-Gaussian contamination and from foreground dust emission. In the same region, the WMAP experiment observes the same structure as that observed by MAXIMA, as evinced by analysis of both maps and power spectra. The next step in the evolution of the MAXIMA program is MAXIPOL, which will observe the polarization of the CMB with comparable resolution and high sensitivity over a small patch of the sky. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
N1  - Accession Number: 11253383; Jaffe, Andrew H. 1; Email Address: a.jaffe@imperial.ac.uk Abroe, Matthew 2 Borrill, Julian 3,4 Collins, Jeff 5 Ferreira, Pedro 6 Hanany, Shaul 2 Johnson, Brad 2 Lee, Adrian T. 5 Matsumura, Tomotake 2 Rabii, Bahman 5 Renbarger, Tom 2 Richards, Paul 5 Smoot, George F. 4,5 Stompor, Radek 3,4,5 Tran, Huan 5 Winant, Celeste 5 Proty Wu, Jiun-Huei 7; Affiliation:  1: Imperial College, London, UK  2: University of Minnesota, USA  3: National Energy Resource Supercomputing Center, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  5: University of California, Berkeley, USA  6: University of Oxford, UK  7: National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 47 Issue 8-10, p727; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.07.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mauskopf, P.D.
AU  - Ade, P.A.R.
AU  - Balbi, A.
AU  - Cabella, P.
AU  - De Gasperis, G.
AU  - Natoli, P.
AU  - Vittorio, N.
AU  - Bock, J.J.
AU  - Hristov, V.V.
AU  - Jones, W.C.
AU  - Lange, A.E.
AU  - Bond, J.R.
AU  - Contaldi, C.R.
AU  - J. Borrill, J.
AU  - Boscaleri, A.
AU  - Crill, B.P.
AU  - de Bernardis, P.
AU  - De Troia, G.
AU  - Iacoangeli, A.
AU  - Masi, S.
T1  - BOOMERANG returns
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 47
IS  - 8-10
M3  - Article
SP  - 733
SN  - 13876473
AB  - BOOMERANG was one of the first experiments to map large areas of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) with high signal-to-noise during a long duration balloon (LDB) flight in 1998/99. BOOMERANG uses bolometric detectors measuring frequency bands from 90 to 400 GHz, a frequency range that complements the lower frequency range of experiments using HEMT amplifiers such as DASI and WMAP. Here, we discuss the status of the analysis of the B98 data including initial comparison of the B98 data with WMAP and component separation of the B98 maps in order to measure the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect. Finally, we describe the second LDB flight of the BOOMERANG telescope in January, 2003 with a receiver designed to map the polarisation of the CMB. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - BOLOMETERS
KW  - METEOROLOGICAL instruments
KW  - MICROWAVE detectors
KW  - OPTICAL detectors
KW  - INFRARED detectors
KW  - CMB
KW  - CMB polarisation
KW  - Component separation
KW  - Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect
N1  - Accession Number: 11253384; Mauskopf, P.D. 1; Email Address: philip.mauskopf@astro.cf.ac.uk Ade, P.A.R. 1 Balbi, A. 2 Cabella, P. 2 De Gasperis, G. 2 Natoli, P. 2 Vittorio, N. 2 Bock, J.J. 3,4 Hristov, V.V. 3 Jones, W.C. 3 Lange, A.E. 3 Bond, J.R. 5 Contaldi, C.R. 5 J. Borrill, J. 6,7 Boscaleri, A. 8 Crill, B.P. 9 de Bernardis, P. 10 De Troia, G. 11 Iacoangeli, A. 10 Masi, S. 10; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3YB, Wales, UK  2: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy  3: Observational Cosmology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA  4: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA  5: Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada  6: National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, LBNL, Berkeley, CA, USA  7: Center for Particle Astrophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  8: IFAC-CNR, Firenze, Italy  9: CSU Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, USA  10: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy  11: Physics Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 47 Issue 8-10, p733; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: BOLOMETERS; Subject Term: METEOROLOGICAL instruments; Subject Term: MICROWAVE detectors; Subject Term: OPTICAL detectors; Subject Term: INFRARED detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMB; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMB polarisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Component separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.07.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D’Auria, Saverio
AU  - Hocker, Andrew
AU  - McGimpsey, Susan
AU  - Kordas, Kostas
AU  - Tesarek, Richard J.
AU  - Worm, Steven
T1  - Measurement of the radiation field in CDF
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 513
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The radiation field in the tracking volume has been measured both with dosimeters and using the silicon current. The two measurements agree within a few percent and show that in the present detector the dose rate agrees with predictions based on run-I data, with a slightly less steep dependence on distance from the beam. For the innermost SVX layer the average fluence rate is 1.3×1010 cm−2 pb−1. Variations of the fluence with the polar angle have been measured, as an effect of 3.1 mm displacement of the beam with respect to the detector axis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DOSIMETERS
KW  - Fluence
KW  - Radiation monitor
N1  - Accession Number: 11179632; D’Auria, Saverio 1; Email Address: s.dauria@physics.gla.ac.uk Hocker, Andrew 2 McGimpsey, Susan 3 Kordas, Kostas 4 Tesarek, Richard J. 3 Worm, Steven 5; Affiliation:  1: University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12-8QQ, UK  2: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  3: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  4: University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5S-1A7  5: Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 05549, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 513 Issue 1/2, p89; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DOSIMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation monitor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, B.
AU  - Harder, J.A.
AU  - Mead, J.A.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Schaknowski, N.A.
AU  - Smith, G.C.
T1  - Neutron detector development at Brookhaven
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 513
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Two-dimensional thermal neutron detectors have been the subject of research and development at Brookhaven for over 20 years. Based primarily on multi-wire chambers filled with a gas mixture containing 3He, these detectors have been used in wide-ranging studies of molecular biology and material science samples. At each phase of development, experimenters have sought improvements in key parameters such as position resolution, counting rate, efficiency, solid-angle coverage and stability. A suite of detectors has been developed with sensitive areas ranging from 5×5 to 50×50 cm2. These devices incorporate low-noise-position readout and the best position resolution for thermal neutron gas detectors. Recent developments include a 1.5 m×20 cm detector containing multiple segments with continuously sensitive readout, and detectors with unity gain for ultra-high rate capability and long-term stability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - GASES
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - High rate
KW  - Position-sensitive detector
KW  - Thermal neutron
N1  - Accession Number: 11179721; Yu, B.; Email Address: yu@bnl.gov Harder, J.A. 1 Mead, J.A. 1 Radeka, V. 1 Schaknowski, N.A. 1 Smith, G.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 535 B, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 513 Issue 1/2, p362; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Author-Supplied Keyword: High rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position-sensitive detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal neutron; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.063
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morgan, G.L.
AU  - Alrick, K.R.
AU  - Saunders, A.
AU  - Cverna, F.C.
AU  - King, N.S.P.
AU  - Merrill, F.E.
AU  - Waters, L.S.
AU  - Hanson, A.L.
AU  - Greene, G.A.
AU  - Liljestrand, R.P.
AU  - Thompson, R.T.
AU  - Henry, E.A.
T1  - Total cross sections for the production of 22Na and 24Na in proton-induced reactions on 27Al from 0.40 to 22.4 GeV
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 211
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Total cross sections for production of 22Na and 24Na from the irradiation of 27Al by protons with incident energies between 0.40 and 22.4 GeV have been measured. The overall uncertainties for these measurements were less than 3%. The measured values compare well with previous measurements and evaluations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - IONS
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11042343; Morgan, G.L. 1 Alrick, K.R. 1 Saunders, A. 1 Cverna, F.C. 1 King, N.S.P. 1 Merrill, F.E. 1 Waters, L.S. 1 Hanson, A.L. 2; Email Address: alh@bnl.gov Greene, G.A. 2 Liljestrand, R.P. 3 Thompson, R.T. 3 Henry, E.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Bechtel Nevada, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 211 Issue 3, p297; Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01364-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11042343&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alton, G.D.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Zaim, H.
AU  - Murray, S.N.
T1  - An efficient negative surface ionization source for RIB generation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 211
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A high-efficiency, negative surface ionization source, equipped with spherical-sector LaB6 ionizer, has been developed for generating radioactive beams of highly electronegative species for accelerator-based nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics research. The source utilizes direct-surface ionization to form negative-ion beams resulting from interactions between highly electronegative atoms or molecules and a hot (∼1722 °C) LaB6 surface. Even though this type of ionizer has a widely publicized propensity for being easily poisoned, no evidence of this effect was experienced during testing of the source. The source has been extensively evaluated off-line in terms of ionization efficiency for generating beams of Cl− and Br− by feeding AlCl3 and AlBr3 vapors at low-feed rates into the source. The geometry of the ionization volume is designed to minimize direct losses of neutral particles through the extraction aperture and to enhance the probability for striking the LaB6 ionizer. The source is reliable, stable and easy to operate, and ionizes Cl− and Br− with efficiencies for formation and extraction of 30% and 20%, respectively. The design features, principles of operation, off-line performance, operational-parameter and beam-quality (emittance) data for the source are presented in this article. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Negative-ion sources
KW  - Negative-ions beams
KW  - Negative-surface ionization
KW  - Radioactive ion beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11042360; Alton, G.D. 1; Email Address: altongd@ornl.gov Liu, Y. 1 Zaim, H. 2 Murray, S.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division,<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.</fn> Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 6000, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6368, USA  2: Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin, Versailles, France; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 211 Issue 3, p425; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative-ion sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative-ions beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative-surface ionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive ion beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01365-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Logan, Jean
T1  - A review of graphical methods for tracer studies and strategies to reduce bias
JO  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
JF  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 30
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 833
SN  - 09698051
AB  - Graphical techniques provide simple methods for the analysis of data from tracer studies. They provide considerable ease of computation compared to the optimization of individual model parameters in the solution of the differential equations generally used to describe the binding of tracers. The theoretical work of Patlak which was applied to irreversible tracers formed the basis for extensions of graphical techniques to reversibly binding tracers. The advantage of graphical methods is that they are not dependent upon a particular model structure but provide a measure of tracer binding that can be interpreted in terms of a model structure if desired. They provide a visual way to distinguish the type of binding whether reversible or irreversible in the initial studies of new ligands. Conditions under which the graphical techniques can be applied are considered as well as problems encountered with slow binding components. One problem in the use of these methods particularly the method for reversible tracers is the bias generated due to the presence of statistical noise. Some recently proposed techniques for reducing the noise are considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Medicine & Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - GRAPH theory
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - STATISTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11770026; Logan, Jean 1; Email Address: jlogan@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 30 Issue 8, p833; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: GRAPH theory; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: STATISTICS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-8051(03)00114-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Papadakis, Manos
AU  - Gogoshin, G.
AU  - Kakadiaris, I. A.
AU  - Kouri, D. J.
AU  - Hoffman, D. K.
T1  - Nonseparable Radial Frame Multiresolution Analysis in Multidimensions.
JO  - Numerical Functional Analysis & Optimization
JF  - Numerical Functional Analysis & Optimization
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 24
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 907
EP  - 928
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01630563
AB  - In this article we present a nonseparable multiresolution structure based on frames which is defined by radial frame scaling functions. The Fourier transform of these functions is the indicator (characteristic) function of a measurable set. We also construct the resulting frame multiwavelets, which can be isotropic as well. Our construction can be carried out in any number of dimensions and for a big variety of dilation matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Numerical Functional Analysis & Optimization is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIMENSIONS
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
KW  - WAVELETS (Mathematics)
KW  - FRAMES (Combinatorial analysis)
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - Frames
KW  - Nonseparable multiresolution analysis
KW  - Wavelets
N1  - Accession Number: 11664769; Papadakis, Manos 1; Email Address: mpapadak@math.uh.edu. Gogoshin, G. 2 Kakadiaris, I. A. 3 Kouri, D. J. 4 Hoffman, D. K. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA  2: Departamento de Matem´tica e Computação, UNIFEI, Itajubá, MG, Brazil  3: Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA  5: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 24 Issue 7/8, p907; Subject Term: DIMENSIONS; Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); Subject Term: WAVELETS (Mathematics); Subject Term: FRAMES (Combinatorial analysis); Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frames; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonseparable multiresolution analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wavelets; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/NFA-120026385
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Gang
AU  - Bulatov, Vasily V.
AU  - Kioussis, Nicholas
T1  - A nonplanar Peierls-Nabarro model and its application to dislocation cross-slip.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 31-34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3539
EP  - 3548
SN  - 14786435
AB  - A novel semidiscrete Peierls-Nabarro model is introduced which can be used to study dislocation spreading at more than one slip plane, such as dislocation cross-slip and junctions. Within this essentially continuum model, the nonlinearity which arises from the atomic interaction across the slip plane is dealt with atomistic and/or ab initio calculations. As an example, we study the dislocation cross-slip and the constriction process in two contrasting fcc metals, Al and Ag. We find that the screw dislocation in Al can cross-slip spontaneously in contrast with the screw dislocation in Ag, which splits into two partials, and thus cannot cross-slip without first being constricted. The response of the dislocations to an external stress is examined in detail. The dislocation constriction energy and the critical stress for cross-slip are determined, and, from the latter, we estimate the cross-slip energy barrier for the straight screw dislocations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11623402; Lu, Gang 1 Bulatov, Vasily V. 2 Kioussis, Nicholas 3; Email Address: nick.kioussis@csun.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.  3: Department of Physics, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, USA.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 31-34, p3539; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001634630
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11623402&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moldovan, Dorel
AU  - Wolf, Dieter
AU  - Phillpot, Simon R.
T1  - Linking atomistic and mesoscale simulations of nanocrystalline materials: quantitative validation for the case of grain growth.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 31-34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3643
EP  - 3659
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Using grain growth in nanocrystalline palladium as a simple case study, we demonstrate how a novel mesoscale approach for simulating microstructural evolution in polycrystalline materials can be validated directly against atomic-level simulations of the same system. We first describe molecular dynamics simulations of grain growth in a columnar model microstructure. The atomic-level insights into the grain-growth mechanism gained from these simulations, particularly in the role of grain rotations, are captured theoretically for incorporation into the mesoscale approach, in which the objects evolving in space and time are the grain boundaries and grain junctions rather than the atoms. With all the input parameters to the mesoscale being physically well defined and obtained directly from the atomic-level simulations, the mesoscale simulations are fully prescribed. We find that the morphology of the mesoscale system evolves in an almost identical manner with that of the molecular dynamics simulation, demonstrating that the length- and time-scale linking has been performed correctly. When applied to systems containing large numbers of grains, the now validated mesoscale simulation approach allows the growth topology and long-time growth kinetics to be determined. As an outlook, we describe how the effects of applied stress can be incorporated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
N1  - Accession Number: 11623385; Moldovan, Dorel 1 Wolf, Dieter 1; Email Address: wolf@anl.gov. Phillpot, Simon R.; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 31-34, p3643; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001603382
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heinisch, H. L.
AU  - Singh, B.N.
T1  - Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of void lattice formation during irradiation.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 31-34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3661
EP  - 3676
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Over the last decade, molecular dynamics simulations of displacement cascades have revealed that glissile clusters of self-interstitial crowdions are formed directly in cascades and that they migrate one-dimensionally along close-packed directions with extremely low activation energies. Occasionally, under various conditions, a crowdion cluster can change its Burgers vector and glide along a different close-packed direction. The recently developed production bias model (PBM) of microstructure evolution under irradiation has been structured specifically to take into account the unique properties of the vacancy and interstitial clusters produced in the cascades. Atomic-scale kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations have played a useful role in understanding the defect reaction kinetics of one-dimensionally migrating crowdion clusters as a function of the frequency of direction changes. This has made it possible to incorporate the migration properties of crowdion clusters and changes in reaction kinetics into the PBM. In the present paper we utilize similar KMC simulations to investigate the significant role that crowdion clusters can play in the formation and stability of void lattices. The creation of stable void lattices, starting from a random distribution of voids, is simulated by a KMC model in which vacancies migrate three-dimensionally and self-interstitial atom (SIA) clusters migrate one-dimensionally, interrupted by directional changes. The necessity of both one-dimensional migration and Burgers vectors changes of SIA clusters for the production of stable void lattices is demonstrated, and the effects of the frequency of Burgers vector changes are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - RADIOLOGY
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11623390; Heinisch, H. L. 1; Email Address: hI.heinisch@pnl.gov. Singh, B.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.  2: Materials Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, Risø, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 31-34, p3661; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001605416
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biner, S. B.
AU  - Morris, J.R.
T1  - The effects of grain size and dislocation source density on the strengthening behaviour of polycrystals: a two-dimensional discrete dislocation simulation.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 31-34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3677
EP  - 3690
SN  - 14786435
AB  - In this study, the evolution of the flow stress for grain sizes ranging from about 11 to 1 µm under shear deformation was examined using two-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics. The grain boundaries were assumed to be both the only sources for nucleation of the dislocations and also the only obstacles to the dislocation motion. The analyses were confined to a single-slip system within each grain, with various orientations with respect to the slip system of neighbouring grains. The simulations were carried out for two sets of system sizes. In the first set of simulations the grain morphology was kept constant and the simulation unit cell size varied from 25 µm × 25 µm to 2.5 µm × 2.5 µm. In the second set of simulations the simulation unit-cell size was kept at 25 µm × 25 µm and the grain size was varied. For the grain-size ranges considered, an inverse relationship between the grain size and 0.2% offset flow stress in the form of the Hall-Petch relationship with a d -1/2 dependence was observed, although there is some uncertainty in the exponent. The evolution of flow stress follows a narrow band when expressed as a function of dislocation density divided by the dislocation source density and hence suggests a scaling with the grain size, as seen in an earlier study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
N1  - Accession Number: 11623403; Biner, S. B. 1 Morris, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramic Sciences, Ames Laboratory (US Department of Energy), lowa State University, Ames, Lowa 50011, USA.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 31-34, p3677; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001599414
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LeSar, R.
AU  - Rickman, J. M.
T1  - Coarse-grained descriptions of dislocation behaviour.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 31-34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3809
EP  - 3827
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Recent computational advances have permitted mesoscale simulations of systems containing of the order of 10 6 dislocations. While such simulations are beginning to provide a wealth of information about dislocation energetics and dynamics, it is worth noting that the macroscopic deformation response of well-worked materials with dislocation densities ranging between 10 10 and can be accurately described by a smaller number of macrovariables and an appropriate relation between these variables. The large-scale reduction in the number of degrees of freedom required to characterize plastic deformation implies that homogenization, or coarse graining, of variables is appropriate over some range of length and time scales. Here, we describe recent work in which temporal and spatial coarse-graining strategies are identified, which link the mesoscale with the continuum. More specifically, three distinct examples are considered: the impact of solute-dislocation interactions on dislocation mobility (including pinning effects); thermally induced dislocation interactions; dislocation structure and properties at spatially coarse scales, primarily in two dimensions. In this latter example we formulate a continuum Hamiltonian and identify the corresponding macrovariable set (including the dislocation density and its gradients) that is relevant at each level of the coarse-graining hierarchy. Our goal is to show how these seemingly unrelated problems can be viewed as part of a unified picture of coarse-grained dislocation behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL intelligence
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11623380; LeSar, R. 1; Email Address: Iesar@IanI.gov. Rickman, J. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 31-34, p3809; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL intelligence; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/1478630310001599513
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - El-Azab, Anter
AU  - Liang, Young
T1  - Nanoscale copper oxide ring structure on an SrTiO 3 substrate.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 31-34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3847
EP  - 3869
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Nanoscale rings with diameters ranging from 70 to 120 nm and densities of up to 10 9 cm -2 have been observed on the surface of a thin copper film during processing by oxygen plasma at temperatures in the range from 600 to 700°C. The copper film was deposited on SrTiO 3 under ultra-high-vacuum conditions at room temperature. The structural and chemical behaviours of the surface have been investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). XPS showed that cupric oxide formed and that the amount of copper left on the surface decreased significantly. AFM showed that self-assembled rings formed at later stages of the process. Theoretical analysis of the initial growth stage showed that the ring morphology arose owing to surface diffusion induced by the elastic strain gradient at the film surface. Analysis of the ring growth dynamics also revealed that sublimation suppresses the growth of the ring morphology except within a finite-wavelength band of growing perturbations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11623397; El-Azab, Anter 1; Email Address: Anter.EI-Azab@pnl.gov Liang, Young 2; Email Address: Yong.Liang@motorola.com; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.  2: Motorola Labs, 7700 S. River Parkway, Tempe, Arizone 85284, USA.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 31-34, p3847; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001605425
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11623397&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hughes, D.A.
AU  - Hansen, N.
T1  - Deformation structures developing on fine scales.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/11//11/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 31-34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3871
EP  - 3893
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Quantitative measurement and analysis of structural parameters has shown for a variety of metals and processes that the microstructural evolution follows a universal path of grain subdivision down to the nanoscale. This behaviour has allowed an analysis of the formation and evolution of graded nanoscale structures produced by sliding. Transmission electron microscopy studies and scaling analyses of such structures show the dominating role of dislocations in the development deformation microstructures on multiple length scales. The crucial role of dislocations has been documented by high-resolution electron microscopy analysis, which has revealed the presence of a large number of glide dislocations in layers between geometrically necessary boundaries with individual spacing as fine as 5 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 11623405; Hughes, D.A. 1; Email Address: darcyhu@sandia.gov Hansen, N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Materials and Engineering Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, 94550, USA.  2: Center for Fundamental Research: Metal Structures in Four Dimensions, Materials Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.; Source Info: 11/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 31-34, p3871; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001605560
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11623405&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolfer, W. G.
T1  - Image stresses of dislocation loops and lenticular inclusions, and their effects.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 83
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 685
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - Average image stresses in finite solids with defects are evaluated with the Tanaka-Mori-Mura method. It is found that the image stresses depend on the size of the defects in addition to their volume fraction. The failure of earlier approaches to obtain any size dependence is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - FINITE strip method
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - LOOP spaces
N1  - Accession Number: 11426302; Wolfer, W. G. 1; Email Address: wolfer1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 83 Issue 11, p677; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: FINITE strip method; Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: LOOP spaces; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09500830310001614504
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11426302&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stutman, D.
AU  - Finkenthal, M.
AU  - Bell, R.E.
AU  - Kaye, S.M.
AU  - LeBlanc, B.P.
AU  - Menard, J.E.
AU  - Synakowski, E.J.
AU  - Darrow, D.S.
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V.
AU  - Bourdelle, C.
T1  - Impurity transport measurements in beam heated low-confinement mode discharges in the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4387
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Impurity injection experiments were performed in the National Spherical Torus Experiment [NSTX, M. Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] for a first assessment of low-Z impurity transport in a low field, low-aspect ratio device. Short neon puffs were injected in beam heated, co-rotating L-mode (low confinement) discharges and the radial penetration of the successive neon charge states has been monitored with arrays of filtered ultrasoft x-ray diodes. Time-dependent modeling of the neon emissivity in several spectral bands indicates a core diffusion coefficient in the neoclassical range (<1 m[sup 2]/s) in these strongly rotating plasmas, consistent with the low thermal ion transport inferred from the power balance analysis. By contrast, due to the large Larmor radii in NSTX turbulent diffusion would reach tens of m[sup 2]/s if tokamak-like instability growth rates were assumed. The much lower experimental diffusivity then suggests that turbulent ion transport must be largely suppressed in the NSTX core. It is not yet clear in what measure this is due to the large E×B flow shear characteristic of beam heated NSTX discharges, or to the long wavelength instability growth rates being intrinsically low in the NSTX core, as recently predicted. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TORIC varieties
KW  - IMPURITY centers
N1  - Accession Number: 11123079; Stutman, D. 1; Email Address: dstutman@pppl.gov Finkenthal, M. 1 Bell, R.E. 2 Kaye, S.M. 2 LeBlanc, B.P. 2 Menard, J.E. 2 Synakowski, E.J. 2 Darrow, D.S. 2 Soukhanovskii, V. 2 Bourdelle, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey  3: Association Euratom-CEA, CEA/DSM/DRFC, CEA Codarache, France; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 10 Issue 11, p4387; Subject Term: TORIC varieties; Subject Term: IMPURITY centers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1610473
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11123079&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, D.C.
AU  - Scannapieco, A.J.
AU  - Cranfill, C.W.
AU  - Clover, M.R.
AU  - Hoffman, N.M.
AU  - Collins, J.
T1  - Degradation of radiatively driven inertial confinement fusion capsule implosions by multifluid interpenetration mixing.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4427
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The observed degradation of radiatively driven single shell capsule yield with increasing convergence ratio can be quantitatively understood by mixing between the gaseous deuterium-tritium (DT) or deuterium (DD) and the pusher. Calculations using a multifluid interpenetration mix model can replicate the performance of experiments at the NOVA [C. Bibeau et al., Appl. Opt. 31, 5799 (1992)] and OMEGA [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] lasers, using a single fitting parameter, a mixing length ratio. When mix is similarly treated at the ablator–solid DT interface, cryogenic single shell ignition capsules for the National Ignition Facility [J. A. Paisner, E. M. Campbell, and W. J. Hogan, Fusion Technol. 26, 755 (1994)] and the Laser Mega Joule [ P. A. Holstein et al., Laser Part. Beams 17, 403 (1999)] calculate to ignite and burn with gains of several due to isolation of the ignition hot spot from the pusher material. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
N1  - Accession Number: 11123074; Wilson, D.C. 1 Scannapieco, A.J. 1 Cranfill, C.W. 1 Clover, M.R. 1 Hoffman, N.M. 1 Collins, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 10 Issue 11, p4427; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1613653
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11123074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nishimura, Kazumi
AU  - Liang, Edison
AU  - Gary, S. Peter
T1  - Charge separation effects in magnetized electron–ion plasma expansion into a vacuum.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4559
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Charge separation effects in the expansion of magnetized relativistic electron–ion plasmas into a vacuum are examined using 2 and 1/2-dimensional particle-in-cell plasma simulations. The electrostatic field at the plasma surface decelerates electrons and accelerates ions. A fraction of the surface electrons is trapped and accelerated by the pondermotive force of the propagating electromagnetic pulse, a mechanism we call the diamagnetic relativistic pulse accelerator. This charge separation is enhanced as the initial plasma temperature is decreased. The overall energy gain of the plasma particles through the expansion strongly depends on the initial plasma temperature. Moreover, the electrons become relatively less energized and the ions more energized as the plasma temperature decreases. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-ion collisions
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - PLASMA sheaths
N1  - Accession Number: 11123059; Nishimura, Kazumi 1 Liang, Edison 2 Gary, S. Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Rice University, Houston, Texas; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 10 Issue 11, p4559; Subject Term: ELECTRON-ion collisions; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PLASMA sheaths; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1611882
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11123059&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carreras, B.A.
AU  - van Milligen, B.Ph.
AU  - Pedrosa, M.A.
AU  - Balbin, R.
AU  - Hidalgo, C.
AU  - Newman, D.E.
AU  - Sánchez, E.
AU  - Frances, M.
AU  - García-Cortés, I.
AU  - Bleuel, J.
AU  - Endler, M.
AU  - Riccardi, C.
AU  - Davies, S.
AU  - Matthews, G.F.
AU  - Martines, E.
AU  - Antoni, V.
AU  - Latten, A.
AU  - Klinger, T.
T1  - Publisher’s Note: “Self-similarity of the plasma edge fluctuations” [Phys. Plasmas 5, 3632 (1998)].
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 4591
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA instabilities
KW  - PUBLISHERS & publishing
N1  - Accession Number: 11123047; Carreras, B.A. 1 van Milligen, B.Ph. 2 Pedrosa, M.A. 2 Balbin, R. 2 Hidalgo, C. 2 Newman, D.E. 1 Sánchez, E. 2 Frances, M. 2 García-Cortés, I. 2 Bleuel, J. 3 Endler, M. 3 Riccardi, C. 4 Davies, S. 5 Matthews, G.F. 5 Martines, E. 6 Antoni, V. 6 Latten, A. 7 Klinger, T. 7; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Asociacíon Euratom-Ciemat, Madrid, Spain  3: Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Euratom Association, Germany  4: Dipartamento di Fisica, Universita di Milano, Italy  5: JET Joint Undertaking, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom  6: Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy  7: Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Kiel, Germany; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 10 Issue 11, p4591; Subject Term: PLASMA instabilities; Subject Term: PUBLISHERS & publishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511199 All Other Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511130 Book Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511190 Other publishers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1621395
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11123047&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carreras, B.A.
AU  - van Milligen, B.Ph.
AU  - Pedrosa, M.A.
AU  - Balbin, R.
AU  - Hidalgo, C.
AU  - Newman, D.E.
AU  - Sanchez, E.
AU  - Bravenec, R.
AU  - McKee, G.
AU  - Garcia-Cortés, I.
AU  - Bleuel, J.
AU  - Endler, M.
AU  - Riccardi, C.
AU  - Davies, S.
AU  - Matthews, G.F.
AU  - Martines, E.
AU  - Antoni, V.
T1  - Publisher’s Note: “Experimental evidence of long-range correlations and self-similarity in plasma fluctuations” [Phys. Plasmas 6, 1885 (1999)].
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 10
IS  - 11
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 4592
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA instabilities
KW  - PUBLISHERS & publishing
N1  - Accession Number: 11123046; Carreras, B.A. 1 van Milligen, B.Ph. 1,2 Pedrosa, M.A. 1,2 Balbin, R. 1,2 Hidalgo, C. 1,2 Newman, D.E. 1 Sanchez, E. 1,2 Bravenec, R. 1,3 McKee, G. 1,4 Garcia-Cortés, I. 1,2 Bleuel, J. 1,5 Endler, M. 1,5 Riccardi, C. 1,6 Davies, S. 1,7 Matthews, G.F. 1,7 Martines, E. 1,8 Antoni, V. 1,8; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Asociacíon Euratom-Ciemat, Spain  3: University of Texas, Austin, TX  4: University of Wisconsin/General Atomics, San Diego, CA  5: Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Euratom Association, Germany  6: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Milano, Italy  7: JET Joint Undertaking, Abingdon, Oxon, U.K.  8: Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 10 Issue 11, p4592; Subject Term: PLASMA instabilities; Subject Term: PUBLISHERS & publishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511199 All Other Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511130 Book Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511190 Other publishers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1621396
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11123046&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Kyung-Won
AU  - Webster, Dale A.
AU  - Stark, Benjamin C.
AU  - Howard, Andrew J.
AU  - Kim, Kyung-Jin
T1  - Fusion protein system designed to provide color to aid in the expression and purification of proteins in Escherichia coli
JO  - Plasmid
JF  - Plasmid
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 0147619X
AB  - We have designed and constructed a new fusion expression vector (pKW32), which contains the His-tagged Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) coding gene upstream of the multiple cloning site. The pKW32 vector was designed to express target proteins as VHb fusions, which can be purified in one step by affinity chromatography. Due to the color of the heme in VHb, the VHb-fused target proteins have a red color that provides a visual aid for estimating their expression level and solubility. The red color can also be used as a visual marker throughout purification, while the concentration of the fusion protein can be determined by measuring the amount of VHb using carbon monoxide difference spectra. In addition, because of inherently high solubility of VHb, the fusion can increase the solubility of sparingly soluble target proteins. Target proteins can be easily separated from His-tagged VHb due to the presence of a thrombin-cleavage site between them. A mutant VHb, the soluble domain of Vitreoscilla cytochrome bo subunit II, and HIV integrase expressed and purified using the pKW32 system have native function. In addition, the integrase, which is known to be difficult to purify because of low solubility, was purified simply and without solubilizing agents using our system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Plasmid is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEMOGLOBIN
KW  - GENES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - Affinity purification
KW  - Bacterial hemoglobin
KW  - Expression vector
KW  - Recombinant plasmid
KW  - Vitreoscilla
N1  - Accession Number: 11172494; Park, Kyung-Won 1 Webster, Dale A. 1 Stark, Benjamin C. 1 Howard, Andrew J. 1,2; Email Address: howard@iit.edu Kim, Kyung-Jin 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S. Dearborn Chicago, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  2: Industrial Macromolecular Crystallography Association, Collaborative Access Team (IMCA-CAT), Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p169; Subject Term: HEMOGLOBIN; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affinity purification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacterial hemoglobin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expression vector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombinant plasmid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vitreoscilla; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0147-619X(03)00046-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balazs, Bryan
AU  - DeTeresa, Steve
AU  - Maxwell, Robert
AU  - Kokko, Ed
AU  - Smith, Tait
T1  - Techniques for the analysis of aging signatures of silica-filled siloxanes
JO  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
JF  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 82
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
SN  - 01413910
AB  - Degradation mechanisms for complex polymer systems are often subtle and difficult to detect, yet a precise understanding of their effect on a polymer component''s macroscopic performance is necessary for understanding aging behavior. Furthermore, predictions of the engineering performance of aged components are prone to large errors when the service lifetimes are much greater than the duration of laboratory aging tests, especially when multiple degradation mechanisms contribute to the overall aging. In order to avoid these errors, lifetime-performance models for components are needed that acknowledge the changes brought about by aging or damage over many size domains, from the macroscopic to the molecular level. We are studying a silica-filled siloxane foam using techniques which link aging and damage over several size domains in order to improve our material/component lifetime predictions. Parameters such as radiation-induced crosslinking, changes in motional dynamics caused by desiccation, and mechanical damage are incorporated into Finite Element Analysis codes and combined with computed tomographic data to provide “age-aware” models and predictive capability at the component level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SILICA
KW  - SILOXANES
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - PRODUCT life cycle
KW  - Computed tomography
KW  - Finite element analysis
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Siloxane
N1  - Accession Number: 11082987; Balazs, Bryan; Email Address: balazs1@llnl.gov DeTeresa, Steve 1 Maxwell, Robert 1 Kokko, Ed 1 Smith, Tait 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 82 Issue 2, p187; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: SILOXANES; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: PRODUCT life cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computed tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Siloxane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00189-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11082987&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maxwell, Robert S.
AU  - Chambers, David
AU  - Balazs, Bryan
AU  - Cohenour, Rebecca
AU  - Sung, William
T1  - NMR analysis of γ-radiation induced degradation of halthane-88 polyurethane elastomers
JO  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
JF  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 82
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 01413910
AB  - We report 1H and 13C NMR analysis of changes in chain dynamics in a polyurethane elastomer system, Halthane 88-3, caused by exposure to 1.2 MeV gamma radiation from a Co-60 source. 1H NMR relaxation measurements clearly discriminate between interfacial, soft segment, and sol domains in the polymer. The 1H T2 of the interfacial domain and the soft segment domain increased with the increased dose of γ-radiation. 13C CPMAS experiments also show that the hard segment domain remained unchanged up to cumulative dose of 100 kGray. The 1H and 13 C NMR results strongly suggest that the Halthane 88-3 elastomer undergoes chain scission, primarily in the long chains that make up the soft segments of the polymer. The NMR results are compared to results from DMA and a direct correlation between observables has been demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - POLYURETHANES
KW  - ELASTOMERS
KW  - Degradation
KW  - DMA
KW  - NMR
KW  - Polyurethane
KW  - Radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 11082988; Maxwell, Robert S. 1; Email Address: maxwell7@llnl.gov Chambers, David 1 Balazs, Bryan 1 Cohenour, Rebecca 2 Sung, William 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Honeywell FM&T, Kansas City, MO 64141, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 82 Issue 2, p193; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: POLYURETHANES; Subject Term: ELASTOMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: DMA; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyurethane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00190-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11082988&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - TERRONES, GUILLERMO
AU  - GAUGLITZ, PHILLIP A.
T1  - Deformation of a Spherical Bubble in Soft Solid Media under External Pressure.
JO  - Quarterly Journal of Mechanics & Applied Mathematics
JF  - Quarterly Journal of Mechanics & Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 56
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
EP  - 525
SN  - 00335614
AB  - In this paper, a theoretical investigation on the deformation of a spherical bubble embedded in soft solid media under externally applied pressure is presented. The effects that surface tension and mechanical properties have on interactions between the bubble compressibility and the surrounding medium are quantified. Within the framework of classical plasticity theory and following the refined treatment for large plastic displacements set forth by Chadwick, solutions are found for the finite deformation of the bubble radius and the internal bubble pressure in terms of implicit functions. Solutions are applicable to a wide range of material properties and external forcing conditions when soft solid media undergo elastic and finite plastic deformations. The validity of the solutions is not restricted to small values of the ratio between yield stress and elastic modulus. It is hypothesized that the existence of a plastic region in the neighbourhood of the bubble might explain upward bubble migration in soft solids due to pressure fluctuations in the presence of a gravitational field. Examples of the main features of the solutions are discussed in terms of dimensionless parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Quarterly Journal of Mechanics & Applied Mathematics is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - GRAVITATIONAL fields
KW  - LIQUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 44552977; TERRONES, GUILLERMO 1; Email Address: terrones@lanl.gov GAUGLITZ, PHILLIP A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Applied Physics Division, MS: T086, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Process Science and Engineering Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MS K7-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 56 Issue 4, p513; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: GRAVITATIONAL fields; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kropf, A. J.
AU  - Finch, R. J.
AU  - Fortner, J. A.
AU  - Aase, S.
AU  - Karanfil, C.
AU  - Segre, C. U.
AU  - Terry, J.
AU  - Bunker, G.
AU  - Chapman, L. D.
T1  - Bent silicon crystal in the Laue geometry to resolve x-ray fluorescence for x-ray absorption spectroscopy.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 74
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4696
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A highly strained, curved silicon crystal in the Laue geometry has been used as a large-area x-ray fluorescence analyzer for x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The analyzer is able to resolve the Lα fluorescence lines for neighboring actinide elements. A large gain in the signal to background ratio has been demonstrated for small quantities of Np in the presence of U, with the U fluorescence peak approaching 1000 times the magnitude of the off-peak background. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON crystals
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11209967; Kropf, A. J. 1; Email Address: kropf@cmt.anl.gov Finch, R. J. 1 Fortner, J. A. 1 Aase, S. 1 Karanfil, C. 2 Segre, C. U. 2 Terry, J. 2 Bunker, G. 2 Chapman, L. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Argonne,  Illinois 60439.  2: Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago,  Illinois 60616.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 74 Issue 11, p4696; Subject Term: SILICON crystals; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11209967&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horst, Roland H.
AU  - Steohens, Thomas S.
AU  - Coons, James F.
AU  - Winter, H. Henning
T1  - Compression stress relaxation apparatus for the long-time monitoring of the incremental modulus.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 74
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4737
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A compression apparatus for aging experiments on soft rubbers and foams is presented. The sample is compressed between two parallel surfaces and held there for long-time relaxation studies. The specific purpose of the test is twofold: possible exposure of the sample to aggressive environment under compression during aging and measurement of sample modulus without unloading, i.e., while leaving the sample under constant compression at all times. To determine the restoring force in the compressed sample, the compression strain is modulated with an incremental strain while measuring the force response. The total force gives the compression modulus, and the slope of the force-strain curve allows the determination of the incremental modulus. Stress relaxation data for silicon foam, Dow Corning S-5370 RTV, with 68% void fraction are shown. The modulus of the compressed sample decays over long experimental times of several days. The decay can be described by two relaxation modes, a short mode at 1500 s and a long mode at about 10[sup 5] s. The incremental modulus changes sharply in the first 1000 s (first mode) and then levels off. The apparatus consists of two self-contained components, the removable sample holder (compression jig) and the stationary test station, which performs the modulation of the strain and all measurements (restoring force and incremental modulus). This allows separation of functions. The apparatus design specifically focused on the control of the incremental strain modulation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AGING
KW  - RUBBER
KW  - SILICON
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11209960; Horst, Roland H. 1,2 Steohens, Thomas S. 3 Coons, James F. 3 Winter, H. Henning 1,2; Email Address: winter@ecs.urnass.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003  2: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003  3: Los  Alamos National  Laboratory Los  Alamos, New Mexico.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 74 Issue 11, p4737; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: RUBBER; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326291 Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1611617
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11209960&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qian, Shinan
AU  - Takacs, Peter
T1  - Wave front-splitting phase shift beam splitter for pencil beam interferometer.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 74
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4881
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A beam splitter to create two separated parallel beams is a critical part of the pencil beam interferometer. Beam splitters can be separated into two categories based upon their operating principle: amplitude splitting or wave front splitting. A wave front-splitting phase shift beam splitter (WS-PSBS) with a monolithic structure and equal optical path is described that is well suited to the stability requirements of a pencil beam interferometer. Several techniques to produce a WS-PSBS are presented. In addition, the WS-PSBS using double thin plates or a single plate, made from microscope cover plates, has great advantages of economy, convenience, availability, and ease of adjustment over other types of beam splitters. A comparison of stability measurements made with the WS-PSBS and other equal optical path beam splitters is presented. The pencil beam interferometer using the WS-PSBS can achieve a stability of 0.45 μrad root mean square over 15–24 h periods. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - BEAM splitters
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - MICROSCOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 11209938; Qian, Shinan 1; Email Address: qian@bnl.gov Takacs, Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: Building 535 B, Brookhaven National  Laboratory Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 74 Issue 11, p4881; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: BEAM splitters; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: MICROSCOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619556
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11209938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rogers, B.
AU  - Manning, L.
AU  - Jones, M.
AU  - Sulchek, I.
AU  - Murray, K.
AU  - Beneschott, B.
AU  - Adams, J. D.
AU  - Hu, Z.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Cavazos, H.
AU  - Minne, S. C.
T1  - Mercury vapor detection with a self-sensing, resonating piezoelectric cantilever.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 74
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4899
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A microcantilever with an integrated piezoelectric film is demonstrated as a mercury vapor detector. The cantilever is self-sensing and self-actuating, and therefore does not need alignment of an external, optical detection system. This gives the new sensor system an advantage in array applications. Mercury vapor, when adsorbed onto gold on the cantilever, causes the stiffness, and therefore the natural frequency, of the cantilever to increase as a result of mercury gold amalgamation. This shift is detected using the piezoelectric portion of the cantilever in conjunction with a bridge circuit and amplifier. A mercury concentration of 93 ppb in nitrogen is detected. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC materials
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CANTILEVER bridges
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
N1  - Accession Number: 11209935; Rogers, B. 1; Email Address: rogers@unr.edu Manning, L. 1 Jones, M. 1 Sulchek, I. 1 Murray, K. 1 Beneschott, B. 1 Adams, J. D. 1; Email Address: jdadarns@unr.edu Hu, Z. 2 Thundat, T. 2 Cavazos, H. 3 Minne, S. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Nevada Ventures  Nanoscience Program, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557.  2: Oak Ridge National  Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6123.  3: Nanodevices Incorporated, 5571  Ekwiii Street, Santa Barbara,  California 93111.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 74 Issue 11, p4899; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC materials; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CANTILEVER bridges; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1614876
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11209935&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gruetzmacher, Julie A.
AU  - Horn, Matthew A.
AU  - Flanders, Bret N.
AU  - Xiaoming Shang, Bret N.
AU  - Scherer, Norbert F.
T1  - Gain-switched, all-acousto-optic, femtosecond pulse amplifier.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 74
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4961
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The design and performance of a gain-switched, all acousto-optic (AO) Ti:Sapphire regenerative laser amplifier is presented. An AO Bragg cell is used to send pulses into and out of the amplifier cavity, and an AO modulator serves as an active isolation device. Pumping the high-Q amplifier with a short duration (∼40 ns) 532 nm pulse allows gain-switched operation in which the seed pulse dominates the amplified spontaneous emission; no Q switch is required. The amplified pulse energy is >110 μJ at a 4 kHz repetition rate, and the compressed pulse duration is <=50 fs. Detailed measurements are reported demonstrating that this design facilitates low-noise operation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACOUSTOOPTICAL devices
KW  - FEMTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PULSE amplifiers
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - ELECTRONIC pulse techniques
N1  - Accession Number: 11209923; Gruetzmacher, Julie A. 1 Horn, Matthew A. 2 Flanders, Bret N. 3 Xiaoming Shang, Bret N. 4 Scherer, Norbert F. 5; Email Address: nfschere@uchicago.edu; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.  2: Utah Valley State College, Orem, UT 84058.  3: Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.  4: Columbia University, New York, NY 10027.  5: Department of  Chemistry James  Franck Institute, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 74 Issue 11, p4961; Subject Term: ACOUSTOOPTICAL devices; Subject Term: FEMTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PULSE amplifiers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC pulse techniques; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619581
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, X.Y.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Rozhkova, E.A.
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
T1  - Coincident lattice sites between cubic β-Zr(Pt) and an isochemical icosahedral phase in rapidly solidified Zr80Pt20 alloys
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 49
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 885
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Epitaxial growth of a bcc hyperstoichiometric β-Zr(Pt) (Im3m) superstructure on an icosahedral phase has been studied in rapidly solidified Zr80Pt20 alloys. Icosahedral twofold axes coincide with <f>〈1 1 0〉</f>, <f>〈1 1 1〉</f>, <f>〈1 1 2〉</f> and <f>〈1 1 3〉</f> axes in β-Zr(Pt). The β-Zr(Pt) has a close crystallographic match and nearly identical stoichiometry to the i phase, but, it is not an approximant. Both the β-Zr(Pt) and the i phase are distorted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - METALS -- Rapid solidification processing
KW  - β
KW  - -Zr(Pt) superstructure
KW  - Quasicrystals
KW  - Rapid solidification
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 10568594; Yang, X.Y.; Email Address: xyang@ameslab.gov Kramer, M.J. 1 Rozhkova, E.A. 1 Sordelet, D.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), 107 Metals Development, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 49 Issue 9, p885; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: METALS -- Rapid solidification processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: β; Author-Supplied Keyword: -Zr(Pt) superstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasicrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rapid solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00440-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10568594&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yantasee, Wassana
AU  - Lin, Yuehe
AU  - Fryxell, Glen
AU  - Busche, Brad
AU  - Birnbaum, Jerome
T1  - Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution Using Novel Nanoengineered Sorbents: Self-Assembled Carbamoylphosphonic Acids on Mesoporous Silica.
JO  - Separation Science & Technology
JF  - Separation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 38
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3809
EP  - 3825
SN  - 01496395
AB  - Self-assembled monolayers of carbamoylphosphonic acids (acetamide phosphonic acid and propionamide phosphonic acid) on mesoporous silica supports were studied as potential absorbents for heavy and transition metal ions in aqueous wastes. The adsorption capacity, selectivity, and kinetics of the materials in sequestering metal ions, including Cd2 +, Co2 +, Cu2 +, Cr3 +, Pb2 +, Ni2 +, Zn2 +, and Mn2 +, were measured in batch experiments with excess sodium ion. The solution pH ranged from 2.2 to 5.5. The kinetics study shows that the adsorption reached equilibrium in seconds, indicating that there is little resistance to mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion, and surface chemical reaction. The competitive adsorption study found the phosphonic acid-SAMMS to have an affinity for divalent metal ions in decreasing order of Pb2 + > Cu2 + > Mn2 + > Cd2 + > Zn2 + > Co2 + > Ni2 +. The measured Cd2 +adsorption isotherm was of the Langmuirian type and had a saturation binding capacity of 0.32 mmol/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Separation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY metals
KW  - METALS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - MIXTURES
KW  - ACIDS
KW  - SILICA
N1  - Accession Number: 10833949; Yantasee, Wassana 1; Email Address: wassana.yantasee@pnl.gov Lin, Yuehe Fryxell, Glen Busche, Brad Birnbaum, Jerome; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 38 Issue 15, p3809; Subject Term: HEAVY metals; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: MIXTURES; Subject Term: ACIDS; Subject Term: SILICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SS-120024232
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Gyuhae
AU  - Hoon Sohn
AU  - Farrar, Charles R.
AU  - Inman, Daniel J.
T1  - Overview of Piezoelectric Impedance-Based Health Monitoring and Path Forward.
JO  - Shock & Vibration Digest
JF  - Shock & Vibration Digest
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
EP  - 463
SN  - 05831024
AB  - In this paper we summarize the hardware and software issues of impedance-based structural health monitoring based on piezoelectric materials. The basic concept of the method is to use high-frequency structural excitations to monitor the local area of a structure for changes in structural impedance that would indicate imminent damage. A brief overview of research work on experimental and theoretical studies on various structures is considered and several research papers on these topics are cited. This paper concludes with a discussion of future research areas and path forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Shock & Vibration Digest is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATIENT monitoring
KW  - DIAGNOSIS
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC materials
KW  - damage prognosis
KW  - damage prognosis.
KW  - diagnostics
KW  - piezoelectric materials
KW  - structural health monitoring
N1  - Accession Number: 11646086; Park, Gyuhae 1 Hoon Sohn 1 Farrar, Charles R. 1 Inman, Daniel J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, Weapon Response Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  87545,  USA.  2: Center for  Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Virginia Polytechnic  Institute of State University, 310 Durham Hall,  Blacksburg, VA  24061, USA.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 35 Issue 6, p451; Subject Term: PATIENT monitoring; Subject Term: DIAGNOSIS; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: damage prognosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: damage prognosis.; Author-Supplied Keyword: diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: piezoelectric materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: structural health monitoring; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boman, Erik G.
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
T1  - SUPPORT THEORY FOR PRECONDITIONING.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 694
EP  - 717
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - We present support theory, a set of techniques for bounding extreme eigenvalues and condition numbers for matrix pencils. Our intended application of support theory is to enable proving condition number bounds for preconditioners for symmetric, positive definite systems. One key feature sets our approach apart from most other works: We use support numbers instead of generalized eigenvalues. Although closely related, we believe support numbers are more convenient to work with algebraically. This paper provides the theoretical foundation of support theory and describes a set of analytical tools and techniques. For example, we present a new theorem for bounding support numbers (generalized eigenvalues) where the matrices have a known factorization (not necessarily square or triangular). This result generalizes earlier results based on graph theory. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by a simple example: block Jacobi preconditioning on a model problem. Also, our analysis of a new class of preconditioners, maximum-weight basis preconditioners, in [E. G. Boman, D. Chen, B. Hendrickson, and S. Toledo, Numer. Linear Algebra Appl., to appear] is based on results contained in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FACTORIZATION (Mathematics)
KW  - GRAPH theory
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - MATHEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12762206; Boman, Erik G. 1; Email Address: eboman@cs.sandia.gov Hendrickson, Bruce 1; Email Address: bah@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Discrete Algorithms and Math Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p694; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FACTORIZATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: GRAPH theory; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liska, Richard
AU  - Wendroff, Burton
T1  - COMPARISON OF SEVERAL DIFFERENCE SCHEMES ON 1D AND 2D TEST PROBLEMS FOR THE EULER EQUATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 995
EP  - 1017
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - The results of computations with eight explicit finite difference schemes on a suite of one-dimensional and two-dimensional test problems for the Euler equations are presented in various formats. Both dimensionally split and two-dimensional schemes are represented, as are central and upwind-biased methods, and all are at least second-order accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - DIMENSIONAL analysis
KW  - NUMERICAL functions
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - euler equations
KW  - finite difference schemes
KW  - riemann problems
KW  - splitting
N1  - Accession Number: 12217151; Liska, Richard 1; Email Address: liska@siduri.fjfi.cvut.cz Wendroff, Burton 2; Email Address: bbw@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, B&icaron;ehová, Prague 1, Czech Republic  2: Group T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p995; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: DIMENSIONAL analysis; Subject Term: NUMERICAL functions; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: euler equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite difference schemes; Author-Supplied Keyword: riemann problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: splitting; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oostrom, M.
AU  - Thorne, P. D.
AU  - White, M.D.
AU  - Truex, M. J.
AU  - Wietsma, T. W.
T1  - Numerical Modeling to Assess DNAPL Movement and Removal at the Scenic Site Operable Unit Near Baton Rouge, Louisiana: A Case Study.
JO  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
JF  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
EP  - 926
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 15320383
AB  - Detailed three-dimensional multifluid flew modeling was conducted to assess movement and removal of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) movement at a waste site in Louisiana. The site's subsurface consists of several permeable zones separated by (semi) confining days. In the upper subsurface, the two major permeable zones are, starting with the uppermost zone, the +40- and +2-MSL (mean level) zones. At the site, a total of 23,000 m3 of DNAPL was emplaced in an open waste pit between 1962 and 1974. In this period, considerable amounts of DNAPL moved into the subsurface. By 1974 a portion of the DNAPL was removed and the waste site was filled with low-permeabtilty materials and closed. During this process, some of the DNAPL was mixed with the fill material and remained at the site. Between 1974 and 2000, no additional DNAPL recovery activities were Implemented. In an effort to reduce the DNAPL source, organic liquid has been pumped through a timedi)pumping scheme from a total of 7 wells starting in calendar year 2000. The recovery wells are screened in the lower part of the waste fill material. In site investigations, DNAPL has been encountered in the+40-MSLbutnotinthe+20-M$zone.the following questions are addressed: (1) mere has the DNAPL migrated vertically and laterally? (2) How much further is DNAPL expected to move in the next century? (3) How effective is the current DNAPL pumping in reducing the DNAPL source? The computational domains for the simulations were derived from 3-D interpolations of borehole logs using a geologic interpretation software (Earthvislon™). The simulation results show that DNAPL primarily entered the subsurface in the period 1962-1974, when the waste site was operational. After 1974. the infiltration rates dropped dramatically as a result of the infilling of the waste pit. The simulation results indicate that DNAPL moved from the pit into the underlying +40-MSL zone through two contact zones at the west side of the pit. Lateral movement of the DNAPL body has been relatively slow as a result of the high viscosity and the rapidly decreasing driving force after the waste pit was filled in. For all simulations, lateral movement of DNAPL in the period 1962-2001 is predicted to be less than 60 m from the two contact areas, while additional movement in the next century is expected to be less than 30m. No DNAPL is predicted to enter the +20-MSL zone, which agrees with site information. The simulations also clearly demonstrate the minimal effect of the current pumping scheme on source reduction and DNAPL movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Soil & Sediment Contamination is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Dense nonaqueous phase liquids
KW  - Waste minimization
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Soil infiltration rate
KW  - Viscosity
KW  - Interpolation
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Baton Rouge (La.)
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - United States
KW  - DNAPL
KW  - DNAPL case study
KW  - entrapment
KW  - multifluid flow
KW  - pumping
KW  - site assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 12175127; Oostrom, M. 1; Email Address: mart.oostrom@pnl.gov; Thorne, P. D. 1; White, M.D. 1; Truex, M. J. 1; Wietsma, T. W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Technology Division, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Division, Richland, Washington, USA; 2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Battelle Pacific Northwest Division, Richland, Washington, USA; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p901; Thesaurus Term: Dense nonaqueous phase liquids; Thesaurus Term: Waste minimization; Thesaurus Term: Permeability; Thesaurus Term: Soil infiltration rate; Thesaurus Term: Viscosity; Subject Term: Interpolation; Subject Term: Seepage; Subject: Baton Rouge (La.); Subject: Louisiana; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNAPL; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNAPL case study; Author-Supplied Keyword: entrapment; Author-Supplied Keyword: multifluid flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: pumping; Author-Supplied Keyword: site assessment; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 4 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Short, Walter
AU  - Blair, Nate
T1  - The Long-Term Potential of Wind Power in the U.S.
JO  - Solar Today
JF  - Solar Today
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
EP  - 29
SN  - 10420630
AB  - Examines the long-term potential of wind power in the U.S.  Description of the Wind Deployment Systems Model developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Possibility for wind energy to become a major player in the U.S. energy market.
KW  - Wind power
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11431978; Short, Walter 1; Email Address: walter_short@nrel.gov; Blair, Nate 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Issue Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p28; Thesaurus Term: Wind power; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berenov, A.V.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Schneider, C.W.
AU  - Warburton, P.A.
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J.L.
T1  - Determination of Ca diffusion in YBCO films by Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 164
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Ca diffusion was studied in c-axis and a-axis oriented YBCO films by Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS). The films were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Ca(NO3)2 solutions were deposited on the film surface and annealed over a large temperature range (300–870 °C) in air. The rate of Ca diffusion was measured to be the same in the c-axis and a-axis oriented films. The activation energy for Ca diffusion in YBCO was measured to be 67±10 kJ/mol. Fast diffusion along the grain boundaries was observed at temperatures below 700 °C with an activation energy of 46±12 kJ/mol. At 300 °C, the grain boundary diffusion coefficient is around 1.7×10−14 cm2 s−1, which is 100 times larger than the corresponding bulk diffusion coefficient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIUM ions
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - Ca doping
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - SIMS
KW  - YBCO films
N1  - Accession Number: 11402330; Berenov, A.V. 1; Email Address: a.berenov@imperial.ac.uk Foltyn, S.R. 2 Schneider, C.W. 3 Warburton, P.A. 4 MacManus-Driscoll, J.L. 2,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK  2: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitaetsstrasse 1, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany  4: Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK  5: Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 164 Issue 3/4, p149; Subject Term: CALCIUM ions; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ca doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.052
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Yanfa
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.M.
T1  - Adsorption of water molecules on the CdTe<f>(0 0 1)</f> surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 545
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The adsorption of water molecules on the CdTe(0 0 1) surface is studied by density-functional total-energy calculations within the generalized gradient approximation. We find that water is adsorbed molecularly on Cd atoms, and dissociative adsorption is energetically unfavorable. We also find that the formation of Cd and Te vacancies on the surface and electron and hole doping do not alter significantly the adsorption behavior of water molecules on the CdTe(0 0 1) surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - WATER chemistry
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Physical adsorption
KW  - Water
N1  - Accession Number: 11042388; Yan, Yanfa; Email Address: yyan@nrel.gov Al-Jassim, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: NCPV, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 545 Issue 1/2, p34; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: WATER chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physical adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Art
T1  - A Week of SRI 2003 in San Francisco.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2
EP  - 4
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Reports on the Eighth International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation held at the Yerba Buena Center for the Art in San Francisco, California from August 25-28, 2003.  Topics discussed; Plenary sessions and presentations; Guest speakers.
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - SAN Francisco (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11863583; Robinson, Art 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p2; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: SAN Francisco (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, Michael C.
T1  - WIRMS 2003: International Workshop on Infrared Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Accelerator-Based Sources.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 10
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Reports on the 2003 International Workshop on Infrared Microscopy and Spectroscopy held on July 8-11, 2003 at the Granlibakken conference center in Lake Tahoe, California.  Topics discussed; Plenary sessions and presentations; Guest speakers.
KW  - INFRARED microscopes
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - TAHOE, Lake (Calif. & Nev.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11863593; Martin, Michael C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p9; Subject Term: INFRARED microscopes; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: TAHOE, Lake (Calif. & Nev.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allaire, M.
AU  - Aslantas, M.
AU  - Berntson, A.
AU  - Berman, L.
AU  - Cheung, S.
AU  - Clay, B.
AU  - Greene, R.
AU  - Jakoncic, J.
AU  - Johnson, E.
AU  - Kao, C.C.
AU  - Lenhard, A.
AU  - Pjerov, S.
AU  - Siddons, D.P.
AU  - Stober, W.
AU  - Venkatagiriyappa, V.
AU  - Yin, Z.
AU  - Stojanoff, V.
T1  - The NIGMS Structural Biology Facility at the NSLS.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 25
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Reports on the National Institute of General Medical Sciences' establishment of the X6A facility at the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York.  Aim to provide synchrotron access to individual macromolecular crystallography groups; Design of the X6A beam line; Beam line parameters.
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - UPTON (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11863612; Allaire, M. 1 Aslantas, M. 1,2 Berntson, A. 1 Berman, L. 1 Cheung, S. 1 Clay, B. 1 Greene, R. 1 Jakoncic, J. 1 Johnson, E. 1 Kao, C.C. 1 Lenhard, A. 1 Pjerov, S. 1 Siddons, D.P. 1 Stober, W. 1 Venkatagiriyappa, V. 1 Yin, Z. 1 Stojanoff, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY  2: Hacettepe University, Department of Physics and Engineering, Ankara, Turkey; Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p20; Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: UPTON (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dierker, Steve
T1  - NSLS-II A Proposed new Synchrotron at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 45
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Reports on the proposed construction of a novel synchrotron radiation source at the National Synchrotron Light Source II at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York.  Development of a storage ring technology; Design parameters of the NSLS II storage ring.
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - UPTON (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11863638; Dierker, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov/Dec2003, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p39; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: UPTON (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aikens, Christine M.
AU  - Webb, Simon P.
AU  - Bell, Rob L.
AU  - Fletcher, Graham D.
AU  - Schmidt, Michael W.
AU  - Gordon, Mark S.
T1  - A derivation of the frozen-orbital unrestricted open-shell and restricted closed-shell second-order perturbation theory analytic gradient expressions.
JO  - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling
JF  - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 110
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 253
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 1432881X
AB  - A detailed derivation of the frozen-orbital second-order perturbation theory (MP2) analytic gradient in the spin-orbital basis is presented. The summation ranges and modification of the MP2 gradient terms that result from the frozen-orbital approximation are clearly identified. The frozen-orbital analytic gradients for unrestricted MP2 and closed-shell MP2 are determined from the spin-orbital derivation. A discussion of useful implementation procedures is included. Timings from full and frozen-orbital MP2 gradient calculations on the molecule silicocene (the silicon analog of the sandwich compound ferrocene) are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - FERROCENE
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - Analytic derivative
KW  - Frozen core
KW  - Møller-Plesset perturbation theory
KW  - Møller-Plesset perturbation theory
N1  - Accession Number: 16984242; Aikens, Christine M. 1 Webb, Simon P. 2 Bell, Rob L. 3 Fletcher, Graham D. 4 Schmidt, Michael W. 1 Gordon, Mark S. 1; Email Address: mark@si.fi.ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.  2: Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Contract No. N01-CO-12400, SAIC Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.  4: ELORET Corporation, NASA Ames Research Center, Mail Stop 230-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA.; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 110 Issue 4, p233; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: FERROCENE; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytic derivative; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frozen core; Author-Supplied Keyword: Møller-Plesset perturbation theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Møller-Plesset perturbation theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00214-003-0453-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, J.Y.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
T1  - Structural properties of SrWO4 films synthesized by pulsed-laser deposition
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 444
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Epitaxial SrWO4 films were successfully deposited with or without a buffer layer on the sapphire substrate by pulsed-laser deposition. The interface structures were characterized by high resolution electron microscopy (HREM), and it indicated that the film deposited on a CeO2 buffer layer shows a much better epitaxy than that deposited directly on the substrate, because of the small lattice mismatch between the film and the buffer layer. HREM also revealed definite orientation relationship among the film, the buffer layer, and the substrate, i.e. <f>[1¯10](004¯)SrWO4//[11¯0](002)CeO2//[201¯2¯](1¯102¯)sapphire</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRONTIUM compounds
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - TUNGSTATES
KW  - HREM
KW  - Pulsed-laser deposition
KW  - Strontium tungstate
KW  - Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 11112983; Huang, J.Y. 1,2; Email Address: huangje@bc.edu Jia, Q.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 444 Issue 1/2, p95; Subject Term: STRONTIUM compounds; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: TUNGSTATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: HREM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed-laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strontium tungstate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)01026-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samuel B. McLaughlin
T1  - Diurnal and seasonal changes in stem increment and water use by yellow poplar trees in response to environmental stress.
JO  - Tree Physiology
JF  - Tree Physiology
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 23
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1125
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 0829318X
AB  - To evaluate indicators of whole-tree physiological responses to climate stress, we determined seasonal, daily and diurnal patterns of growth and water use in 10 yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) trees in a stand recently released from competition. Precise measurements of stem increment and sap flow made with automated electronic dendrometers and thermal dissipation probes, respectively, indicated close temporal linkages between water use and patterns of stem shrinkage and swelling during daily cycles of water depletion and recharge of extensible outer-stem tissues. These cycles also determined net daily basal area increment. Multivariate regression models based on a 123-day data series showed that daily diameter increments were related negatively to vapor pressure deficit (VPD), but positively to precipitation and temperature. The same model form with slight changes in coefficients yielded coefficients of determination of about 0.62 (0.57–0.66) across data subsets that included widely variable growth rates and VPDs. Model R 2 was improved to 0.75 by using 3-day running mean daily growth data. Rapid recovery of stem diameter growth following short-term, diurnal reductions in VPD indicated that water stored in extensible stem tissues was part of a fast recharge system that limited hydration changes in the cambial zone during periods of water stress. There were substantial differences in the seasonal dynamics of growth among individual trees, and analyses indicated that faster-growing trees were more positively affected by precipitation, solar irradiance and temperature and more negatively affected by high VPD than slower-growing trees. There were no negative effects of ozone on daily growth rates in a year of low ozone concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Tree Physiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Liriodendron tulipifera
N1  - Accession Number: 11029459; Samuel B. McLaughlin 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 23 Issue 16, p1125; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Subject Term: Liriodendron tulipifera; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grote, K.
AU  - Hubbard, S.
AU  - Rubin, Y.
T1  - Field-scale estimation of volumetric water content using ground-penetrating radar ground wave techniques.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) ground wave techniques were applied to estimate soil water content in the uppermost ∼10 cm of a 3 acre California vineyard several times over 1 year. We collected densely spaced GPR travel time measurements using 900 and 450 MHz antennas and analyzed these data to estimate water content. The spatial distribution of water content across the vineyard did not change significantly with time, although the absolute water content values varied seasonally and with irrigation. The GPR estimates of water content were compared to gravimetric water content, time domain reflectometry, and soil texture measurements. The comparisons of GPR-derived estimates of water content to gravimetric water content measurements showed that the GPR estimates had a root mean square error of volumetric water content of the order of 0.01. The results from this study indicate that GPR ground waves can be used to provide noninvasive, spatially dense estimates of shallow water content over large areas and in a rapid manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - geophysics
KW  - GPR
KW  - groundwaves
KW  - precision agriculture
KW  - water content
N1  - Accession Number: 87144233; Grote, K. 1; Hubbard, S. 2; Rubin, Y. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 11, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: geophysics; Author-Supplied Keyword: GPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwaves; Author-Supplied Keyword: precision agriculture; Author-Supplied Keyword: water content; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, Feifei
AU  - Peters-Lidard, Christa D.
AU  - Sale, Michael J.
T1  - An analytical method for predicting surface soil moisture from rainfall observations.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - A simple analytical method for estimating surface soil moisture directly from rainfall data is proposed and studied. Soil moisture dynamics are represented by a linear stochastic partial differential equation [ Entekhabi and Rodriguez-Iturbe, 1994]. A diagnostic equation is derived from the soil moisture dynamics equation by eliminating the diffusion term. The derived daily soil moisture function is a time-weighted average of previous cumulative rainfall over a given period (e.g., >14 days). The advantage of this method is that information on the initial condition of soil moisture, which is often not available at all times and locations, is not needed. The loss coefficient in the diagnostic equation for soil moisture can be estimated from land surface characteristics and soil properties. The method for determining the averaging window size, the loss coefficient, and the infiltration coefficient are described and demonstrated. The soil moisture data observed during three field experiments, i.e., Monsoon'90, Washita'92, and SGP'97, are compared to the calculated soil moisture. The results indicate that the proposed method is robust and has the potential for useful soil moisture predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Antecedent Precipitation Index (API)
KW  - loss coefficient
KW  - precipitation
KW  - soil moisture
N1  - Accession Number: 87144232; Pan, Feifei 1; Peters-Lidard, Christa D. 2; Sale, Michael J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2: Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 11, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antecedent Precipitation Index (API); Author-Supplied Keyword: loss coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil moisture; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Bruce A.
AU  - Viswanathan, Hari S.
T1  - Application of the theory of micromixing to groundwater reactive transport models.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - This study extends and applies the theory of micromixing, first introduced in the chemical reaction engineering literature, to the topic of reactive transport in porous media. For all but the simplest linear kinetic and sorption models the fate and transport of a reactive solute depends on the residence times and the details of small-scale mixing. The latter phenomenon, also called micromixing, is important because it brings into close proximity chemical species that react, and it controls the local concentrations in a flowing system. Solutes with reaction rates or sorption isotherms that depend on species concentration will therefore be affected by micromixing. Two models for micromixing are introduced, the minimum and maximum mixedness models, that provide bounds on the extent of reaction or retardation behavior within the constraints imposed by the residence time distribution (RTD) of a conservative solute in the same flow system. These mixing models prescribe the latest or earliest permissible mixing of parcels of fluid of different residence times, which in turn bounds the degree of reaction of a reactive solute for nonlinear rate laws or sorption isotherms. Simulation results using the bounding models show that micromixing effects are most important for nonlinear reaction curves, solute pulses of short duration, and systems with broad RTD curves. Use of these models is a straightforward and practical way to investigate the importance of a phenomenon for which data are seldom available and whose impact on groundwater reactive transport models has heretofore not been studied in a systematic, bounding manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - groundwater
KW  - micromixing
KW  - mixedness models
KW  - nonlinear reactions
KW  - reactive transport models
KW  - residence time distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 87144230; Robinson, Bruce A. 1; Viswanathan, Hari S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 11, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: micromixing; Author-Supplied Keyword: mixedness models; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactive transport models; Author-Supplied Keyword: residence time distribution; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002368
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Imbeni, V.
AU  - Martini, C.
AU  - Prandstraller, D.
AU  - Poli, G.
AU  - Trepanier, C.
AU  - Duerig, T.W.
T1  - Preliminary study of micro-scale abrasive wear of a NiTi shape memory alloy
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2003/11//
VL  - 254
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1299
SN  - 00431648
AB  - Nitinol (NiTi), a nearly equiatomic nickel–titanium alloy is known for its unique shape memory and superelastic properties, which result from martensitic transformations. It is the material of choice for numerous biomedical applications such as endovascular stents, vena cava filters, dental files and guidewires for non-invasive surgery, etc. Micro-scale abrasion tests (MSATs) have been performed on the NiTi shape memory alloy, so as to evaluate the influence of different commercial abrasives such as silicon carbide, alumina and glass on the wear behaviour. The aim of the work was the selection of the most effective abrasive for cleaning the inner surface of laser-cut cardiovascular stents. Abrasive particles have been characterised by X-ray diffraction, SEM and EDS before and after MSATs. Worn surfaces have been studied by stylus profilometry, SEM and atomic force microscopy. The effect of abrasive particle hardness, size and angularity on the wear behaviour has been evaluated and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - Biomedical applications
KW  - Micro-scale abrasion
KW  - NiTi
KW  - Shape memory
KW  - Wear
N1  - Accession Number: 10569924; Imbeni, V. 1,2; Email Address: valentina.imbeni@sri.com Martini, C. 1 Prandstraller, D. 1 Poli, G. 1 Trepanier, C. 3 Duerig, T.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Metallurgy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 66R0200-8256, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Nitinol Devices & Components, Fremont, CA 94539, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 254 Issue 12, p1299; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomedical applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-scale abrasion; Author-Supplied Keyword: NiTi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00092-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilbanks, Thomas J.
T1  - Integrating climate change and sustainable development in a place-based context
JO  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
JF  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
Y1  - 2003/11/02/Nov2003 Supplement 1
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - S147
SN  - 14693062
AB  - This paper reports on investigations of two propositions. First, it is easy to overestimate the importance of climate change in the larger picture of sustainable development while at the same time underestimating the potential for climate change concerns to be a catalyst for progress toward sustainable development. Second, these imbalances in perceptions are more likely to be addressed effectively at a local scale than at a global or national scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - ECONOMIC development -- Environmental aspects
KW  - SUSTAINABLE development
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL policy
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - Climate change impacts
KW  - Climate change responses
KW  - Place
KW  - Scale
KW  - Sustainability
KW  - Sustainable development
N1  - Accession Number: 11656731; Wilbanks, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: wilbankstj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6184, USA; Source Info: Nov2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 3, pS147; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: ECONOMIC development -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: SUSTAINABLE development; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL policy; Subject Term: COST effectiveness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change impacts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change responses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Place; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sustainability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sustainable development; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.clipol.2003.10.013
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Velarde, S.K.
AU  - Shores, E.F.
AU  - Lee, D.W.
T1  - Programs and procedures for a large x-ray safety program.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/02/Nov2003 Supplement
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - S94
EP  - S100
SN  - 00179078
AB  - As radiation safety surveys of x-ray equipment are the responsibility of many health physicists, actual procedures vary among facilities. In an effort to share survey methodology of a large research institution, aspects of the x-ray safety program at Los Alamos National Laboratory are described. A definition of an intentional x-ray generating device is proposed in light of the absence or inadequacy of such a definition in applicable federal law and national consensus guidance documents. Regulations and procedures are discussed, and a sample database used in managing the Los Alamos program is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation -- Safety measures
KW  - Medical physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11385091; Velarde, S.K. 1; Email Address: skvelarde@lanl.gov; Shores, E.F. 1; Email Address: eshores@lanl.gov; Lee, D.W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos; 2: 390 Dona, Los Alamos, NM 87544; Issue Info: Nov2003 Supplement, Vol. 85 Issue 5, pS94; Subject Term: Radiation -- Safety measures; Subject Term: Medical physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuan, A. C.
AU  - Kaspar, T. C.
AU  - Droubay, T.
AU  - Rogers, J. W.
AU  - Chambers, S. A.
T1  - Band offsets for the epitaxial TiO[sub 2]/SrTiO[sub 3]/Si(001) system.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/03/
VL  - 83
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3734
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with high energy resolution to determine band discontinuities at the two buried interfaces of the epitaxial TiO[sub 2] (anatase)/SrTiO[sub 3]/Si(001) system. The valence band offsets are -2.1±0.1 eV and +0.2±0.1 eV at the SrTiO[sub 3]/Si and TiO[sub 2]/SrTiO[sub 3] heterojunctions, respectively. Assuming bulk band gaps for the SrTiO[sub 3] and TiO[sub 2] epitaxial films, the associated conduction band offsets are +0.1±0.1 eV and +0.1±0.1 eV. Si at the interface is in a flatband state, indicating a very low density of electronic states. These results suggest that spin-polarized electron injection from ferromagnetic Co-doped TiO[sub 2] anatase into Si should be facile. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 11210015; Tuan, A. C. 1 Kaspar, T. C. 1 Droubay, T. 1 Rogers, J. W. 1 Chambers, S. A. 1; Email Address: sa.charnbers@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National  Laboratory Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 11/3/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 18, p3734; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: THIN films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1625113
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ki-Suk Lee, Masanori
AU  - Sang-Koog Kim
AU  - Kortright, J. B.
T1  - Atomic-scale depth selectivity of soft x-ray resonant Kerr effect.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/03/
VL  - 83
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3764
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - By the use of resonant soft x-ray Kerr rotation measurements with its varying incident angle and energy, we observed various shifts of the exchange bias field of a 3.5-nm-thick Co layer in oppositely exchange-biased Ni[sub 81]Fe[sub 19]/Fe[sub 50]Mn[sub 50]/Co/Pd films. The results in conjunction with their model simulations clearly reveal that the measurements enable one to resolve varying magnetization with depth in the individual magnetic layers of such a multicomponent ultrathin layered structure on the atomic scales. Significant interference effects combined with penetration depth of resonant soft x rays, which are closely associated with their absorptive and refractive contributions, offer remarkably different depth sensitivities into the Kerr effects depending on grazing angle and resonance energy. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KERR electro-optical effect
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11210005; Ki-Suk Lee, Masanori 1 Sang-Koog Kim 1; Email Address: sangkoog@snu.ac.kr Kortright, J. B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nanospintronics  Laboratory School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul  151-744, Korea.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory University of  California, One Cyclotron Road,  Berkeley  California 94720.; Source Info: 11/3/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 18, p3764; Subject Term: KERR electro-optical effect; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622123
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Contino, Roberto
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
AU  - Pomarol, Alex
T1  - Higgs as a holographic pseudo-Goldstone boson
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/11/03/
VL  - 671
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 148
SN  - 05503213
AB  - The AdS/CFT correspondence allows one to relate 4D strongly coupled theories to weakly coupled theories in 5D AdS. We use this correspondence to study a scenario in which the Higgs appears as a composite pseudo-Goldstone boson (PGB) of a strongly coupled theory. We show how a non-linearly realized global symmetry protects the Higgs mass and guarantees the absence of quadratic divergences at any loop order. The gauge and Yukawa interactions for the PGB Higgs are simple to introduce in the 5D AdS theory, and their one-loop contributions to the Higgs potential are calculated using perturbation theory. These contributions are finite, giving a squared-mass to the Higgs which is one-loop smaller than the mass of the first Kaluza–Klein state. We also show that if the symmetry breaking is caused by boundary conditions in the extra dimension, the PGB Higgs corresponds to the fifth component of the bulk gauge boson. To make the model fully realistic, a tree-level Higgs quartic coupling must be induced. We present a possible mechanism to generate it and discuss the conditions under which an unwanted large Higgs mass term is avoided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - KALUZA-Klein theories
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11091307; Contino, Roberto 1; Email Address: roberto.contino@cern.ch Nomura, Yasunori 2 Pomarol, Alex 3; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física Teórica C-XI, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain  2: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: IFAE, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 671 Issue 1-3, p148; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: KALUZA-Klein theories; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.08.027
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimzey, Amy L.
AU  - Weitz, Karl K.
AU  - Guengerich, F. Peter
AU  - Zangar, Richard C.
T1  - Hydroperoxy-10, 12-Octadecadienoic Acid Stimulates Cytochrome P450 3A Protein Aggregation by a Mechanism That Is Inhibited by Substrate.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/04/
VL  - 42
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 12691
EP  - 12699
SN  - 00062960
AB  - We recently demonstrated that microsomes from nicardipine-treated rats will form cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) aggregates when incubated at 37 °C. CYP3A substrates inhibited the protein aggregation and subsequent degradation, suggesting that this process is important in substrate-mediated stabilization of CYP3A. In this paper, we demonstrate that oxidative stress is a key factor in the formation of CYP3A aggregates in incubated microsomes and in a reconstimted system with purified enzymes. Our data further suggest that the effects of oxidative stress are mediated by lipid hydroperoxides, which are efficiently metabolized by CYP3A. In the presence of substrate, the CYP3A-mediated lipid hydroperoxide metabolism is inhibited along with the associated protein aggregation. Therefore, these studies provide a mechanistic model of why CYP3A has a relatively short half-life and how substrates stabilize CYP3A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROME P-450
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - OXIDATIVE stress
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - RATS
N1  - Accession Number: 11435698; Kimzey, Amy L. 1 Weitz, Karl K. 1 Guengerich, F. Peter 2 Zangar, Richard C. 1; Email Address: richard.zangar@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99352  2: Department of Biochemistry and Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146; Source Info: 11/4/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 43, p12691; Subject Term: CYTOCHROME P-450; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: OXIDATIVE stress; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: RATS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi0349975
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Tinabo
AU  - Diemann, Ekkerhard
AU  - Li, Huilin
AU  - Dress, Andreas W.M.
AU  - Mëller, Achim
T1  - Self-assembly in aqueous solution of wheel-shaped Mo154 oxide clusters into vesicles.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/11/06/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6962
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Surfactants and membrane lipids readily assemble into complex structures such as micelles, liposomes or hollow vesicles owing to their amphiphilic character-the fact that part of their structure is attracted to polar environments while another part is attracted to non-polar environments. The self-assembly of complex structures also occurs in polyoxometallate chemistry, as exemplified by the molybdenum blue solutions known for centuries. But while the presence of nanometre-sized metal oxide aggregates in these solutions has long been recognized, unravelling the composition and formation process of these aggregates proved difficult. Recent work has indicated that discrete, wheel-shaped mixed-valence polyoxomolybdate clusters of the type {Mo154} (refs 2-4) assemble into well-defined nanometre-sized aggregates, including spherical structures. Here we report light-scattering data and transmission electron microscopy images of hollow spherical structures with an average, almost monodisperse radius of about 45?nm and composed of approximately 1,165 {Mo154} wheel-shaped clusters. The clusters appear to lie flat and homogeneously distributed on the vesicle surface. Unlike conventional lipid vesicles, the structures we observe are not stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. Instead, we believe the polyoxomolybdate-based vesicles form owing to a subtle interplay between short-range van der Waals attraction and long-range electrostatic repulsion, with important further stabilization arising from hydrogen bonding involving water molecules encapsulated between the wheel-shaped clusters and in the vesicles’ interior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - COATED vesicles
KW  - MEMBRANE lipids
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11292498; Liu, Tinabo 1 Diemann, Ekkerhard 2 Li, Huilin 3 Dress, Andreas W.M. 4 Mëller, Achim 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics  2: Faculty of Chemistry  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  4: Faculty of Mathematics, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefelf, Germany; Source Info: 11/6/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6962, p59; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: COATED vesicles; Subject Term: MEMBRANE lipids; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Tinabo
AU  - Diemann, Ekkerhard
AU  - Li, Huilin
AU  - Dress, Andreas W.M.
AU  - Mëller, Achim
T1  - Self-assembly in aqueous solution of wheel-shaped Mo154 oxide clusters into vesicles.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/11/06/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6962
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Surfactants and membrane lipids readily assemble into complex structures such as micelles, liposomes or hollow vesicles owing to their amphiphilic character-the fact that part of their structure is attracted to polar environments while another part is attracted to non-polar environments. The self-assembly of complex structures also occurs in polyoxometallate chemistry, as exemplified by the molybdenum blue solutions known for centuries. But while the presence of nanometre-sized metal oxide aggregates in these solutions has long been recognized, unravelling the composition and formation process of these aggregates proved difficult. Recent work has indicated that discrete, wheel-shaped mixed-valence polyoxomolybdate clusters of the type {Mo154} (refs 2-4) assemble into well-defined nanometre-sized aggregates, including spherical structures. Here we report light-scattering data and transmission electron microscopy images of hollow spherical structures with an average, almost monodisperse radius of about 45?nm and composed of approximately 1,165 {Mo154} wheel-shaped clusters. The clusters appear to lie flat and homogeneously distributed on the vesicle surface. Unlike conventional lipid vesicles, the structures we observe are not stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. Instead, we believe the polyoxomolybdate-based vesicles form owing to a subtle interplay between short-range van der Waals attraction and long-range electrostatic repulsion, with important further stabilization arising from hydrogen bonding involving water molecules encapsulated between the wheel-shaped clusters and in the vesicles’ interior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Surface active agents
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - Coated vesicles
KW  - Membrane lipids
KW  - Light -- Scattering
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11292498; Liu, Tinabo 1; Diemann, Ekkerhard 2; Li, Huilin 3; Dress, Andreas W.M. 4; Mëller, Achim 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics; 2: Faculty of Chemistry; 3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; 4: Faculty of Mathematics, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefelf, Germany; Issue Info: 11/6/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6962, p59; Thesaurus Term: Surface active agents; Thesaurus Term: Molybdenum; Subject Term: Coated vesicles; Subject Term: Membrane lipids; Subject Term: Light -- Scattering; Subject Term: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02036
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volya, Alexander
AU  - Zelevinsky, Vladimir
T1  - Invariant correlational entropy as a signature of quantum phase transitions in nuclei
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/11/06/
VL  - 574
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We study phase transformations in finite nuclei as a function of interaction parameters. The signature of a transition is given by invariant correlational entropy that reflects the sensitivity of an individual many-body state to changes of external parameters; peaks in this quantity indicate the critical regions. This approach is able to reveal the pairing phase transition, identify the isovector and isoscalar pairing regions and determine the role of other interactions. We show the examples of the phase diagram in the parameter space. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - Entropy
KW  - Nuclear pairing
KW  - Phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 11042465; Volya, Alexander 1; Email Address: volya@anl.gov Zelevinsky, Vladimir 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 574 Issue 1/2, p27; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear pairing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transition; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.076
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Di Lorenzo, M.L.
AU  - Wunderlich, B.
T1  - Melting of polymers by non-isothermal, temperature-modulated calorimetry: analysis of various irreversible latent heat contributions to the reversing heat capacity
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/11/06/
VL  - 405
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
SN  - 00406031
AB  - This paper provides an analysis of contributions to the apparent, reversing heat capacity when measured by temperature-modulated differential scanning analysis (TMDSC) with an underlying heating rate in the temperature range where irreversible transitions with latent heats occur. To deconvolute the data of a TMDSC scan into a total and reversing part, it is common practice to use the sliding averages and the first harmonics of the Fourier series of temperature and heat-flow rate. Under certain conditions, this procedure produces erroneous reversing contributions which are detailed by experiment and simulation. Unless the response to the temperature modulation is linear, the total heat-flow rate is stationary, and the transition is truly reversible and occurs only once during the temperature scan, one cannot expect a true deconvolution of total and reversible effects. In the presence of multiple, irreversible transitions within a modulation period, however, each process involving latent heat can increase the modulation amplitude, as demonstrated by computer-simulation of polymer melting. As a result, the multiple transitions may give erroneously high latent heats when integrating the apparent reversing heat capacity with respect to temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEATING
KW  - FOURIER series
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - AMPLITUDE modulation
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Melting
KW  - Temperature-modulated calorimetry
KW  - TMDSC
N1  - Accession Number: 11112457; Di Lorenzo, M.L. 1; Email Address: diloren@mail.irtemp.na.cnr.it Wunderlich, B. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Istituto di Chimica e Tecnologia dei Polimeri (CNR), c/o Comprensorio Olivetti, Fabbr. 70, Via Campi Flegrei, 34-80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 405 Issue 2, p255; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: FOURIER series; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: AMPLITUDE modulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature-modulated calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMDSC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00198-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walvoord, Michelle A.
AU  - Phillips, Fred M.
AU  - Stonestrom, David A.
AU  - Evans, R. Dave
AU  - Hartsough, Peter C.
AU  - Newman, Brent D.
AU  - Striegl, Robert G.
T1  - A Reservoir of Nitrate Beneath Desert Soils.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/07/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5647
M3  - Article
SP  - 1021
EP  - 1024
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - A large reservoir of bioavailable nitrogen (up to ∼ 10[sup4] kilograms of nitrogen per hectare, as nitrate) has been previously overlooked in studies of global nitrogen distribution. The reservoir has been accumulating in subsoil zones of arid regions throughout the Holocene. Consideration of the subsoil reservoir raises estimates of vadose-zone nitrogen inventories by 14 to 71% for warm deserts and arid shrublands worldwide and by 3 to 16% globally. Subsoil nitrate accumulation indicates long-term leaching from desert soils, impelling further evaluation of nutrient dynamics in xeric ecosystems. Evidence that subsoil accumulations are readily mobilized raises concern about groundwater contamination after land-use or climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - DESERT soils
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - GROUNDWATER -- Pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 11502642; Walvoord, Michelle A. 1; Email Address: walvoord@usgs.gov Phillips, Fred M. 2 Stonestrom, David A. 3 Evans, R. Dave 4 Hartsough, Peter C. 5,6 Newman, Brent D. 7 Striegl, Robert G. 1; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Geological Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225, USA.  2: Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA.  3: U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.  4: School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.  5: Graduate Program of Hydrologie Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.  6: Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USA.  7: Earth and Environmental Science Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 11/7/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5647, p1021; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: DESERT soils; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER -- Pollution; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2797
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuetz, C.A.
AU  - Frenklach, M.
AU  - Kollias, A.C.
AU  - Lester Jr, W.A.
T1  - Geometry optimization in quantum Monte Carlo with solution mapping: Application to formaldehyde.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 9386
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The solution mapping methodology is presented as a method of geometry optimization of molecules in the quantum Monte Carlo method. Applied to formaldehyde as a test system, this approach is found to yield optimized bond lengths and bond angle in the diffusion Monte Carlo method that lie within experimental error. The variational Monte Carlo optimized geometry also lies within experimental error, with the exception of the CH bond length, which is slightly underestimated. Additionally, the resulting quadratic representation of the potential energy surface in the region of the minimum is used to calculate three of the force constants and harmonic frequencies. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - FORMALDEHYDE
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 11188186; Schuetz, C.A. 1 Frenklach, M. 1 Kollias, A.C. 2 Lester Jr, W.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley California 94720-1740 and Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory, Berkeley California 94720.  2: Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of CaIifornia, Berkeley California 94720-1460 and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley California 94720.; Source Info: 11/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 18, p9386; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: FORMALDEHYDE; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1614212
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aguirre, F.
AU  - Pratt, S.T.
T1  - Velocity map imaging of the photodissociation of CF[sub 3]I[sup +] in the Ã←X band.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 9476
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The photodissociation dynamics of CF[sub 3]I[sup +] has been investigated within the Ã←X band by means of velocity map ion imaging. The CF[sub 3]I[sup +] cation is prepared by resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of CF[sub 3]I via the [X [sup 2]E[sub 3/2]]6p, [2]5[sub 0][sup 1] band, and the (X [sup 2]E[sub 3/2]) ground-state population in the CF[sub 3]I[sup +] ion is unambiguously characterized by using photoelectron spectroscopy. Photodissociation of the state-selected CF[sub 3]I[sup +] ion results in fragmentation to both CF[sub 3][sup +]+I and CF[sub 3]+I[sup +]. The translational energy distribution derived from the two-dimensional images of the CF[sub 3][sup +] fragments shows vibrational progressions that provide detailed information on the channeling of the parent internal energy into the dissociation process. The translational energy distribution of the CF[sub 3][sup +] fragment shows a one-to-one dependence on the excitation energy, which is typical of a single-photon dissociation process. The observation of a repeated pattern of rings in the CF[sub 3][sup +] images with an interval of ∼800 cm-1 indicates that the ν[sub 2] umbrella mode of the CF[sub 3][sup +] fragment is excited upon dissociation. The low-kinetic-energy release observed in this channel indicates that substantial energy is deposited into the internal degrees of freedom of the CF[sub 3][sup +] fragment and suggests that the dissociation is controlled by the Franck–Condon factors between the parent ion and fragments. The translational energy distribution of the I[sup +] fragment is independent of the excitation wavelength and includes a feature peaking at near-zero kinetic energy. Plausible mechanisms for the CF[sub 3][sup +] and I[sup +] dissociation channels are discussed in terms of the observed kinetic energy and anisotropy distributions derived from the two-dimensional ion images. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11188176; Aguirre, F. 1 Pratt, S.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 11/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 18, p9476; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615523
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dang, Liem X.
AU  - Chang, Tsun-Mei
T1  - Many-body interactions in liquid methanol and its liquid/vapor interface: A molecular dynamics study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 9851
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Many-body interactions in liquid methanol and its liquid/vapor interface are evaluated using classical molecular dynamics techniques. The methanol molecule carries a molecular polarizability to account for induction energies and forces. The computed dipole moment for the methanol molecule changed from 1.7 to 2.8 D, respectively, from the vapor to the liquid phases. This result indicated that there are significant many-body interactions in this complex molecular system. The computed average molecular dipole moment in liquid methanol at room temperature is in good agreement with experimental measurements. The computed average dipole moments of methanol molecules near the interface are close to their gas phase values, while methanol molecules far from the interface have dipole moments corresponding to their bulk values. The structural and thermodynamic properties of the liquid methanol as well as the surface tension of its liquid/vapor interface are in good agreement with the experiments, demonstrating the high quality of our potential model and simulation approaches. A constrained molecular dynamics technique was used to investigate the transport mechanism of a methanol molecule across the methanol liquid/vapor interface. The computed transfer free energy changed gradually as the methanol molecule approached the Gibbs dividing surface, and it crossed the interface with no substantial minimum free energy. The computed solvation free energy of the methanol molecule in liquid methanol estimated from the free energy profile (4.25 kcal/mol) is in good agreement with the corresponding experimental measurement (4.89 kcal/mol). © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DIPOLE moments
N1  - Accession Number: 11188134; Dang, Liem X. 1; Email Address: liem.dang@pnl.gov Chang, Tsun-Mei 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Parkside, Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-2000.; Source Info: 11/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 18, p9851; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1615957
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feller
AU  - D.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
T1  - Coupled Cluster Theory and Multireference Configuration Interaction Study of FO, F2O, FO2, and FOOF.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/11/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 9641
EP  - 9651
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Structures, vibrational frequencies, atomization energies at 0 K, and heats of formation at 298 K were obtained for four oxyfluoride molecules, several of which are known to present difficulties for single reference ab initio methods. Whereas much of this work was carried out with coupled cluster theory, multireference configuration interaction calculations were also performed, as an independent check on the reliability of the former. The use of large basis sets (up through augmented sextuple zeta quality in some cases) and a simple basis set extrapolation formula enabled us to accurately estimate the complete basis set limit. However, to achieve near chemical accuracy (±1 kcal/mol) in the thermodynamic properties, it was necessary to include three corrections to the frozen core atomization energies, in addition to the zero-point vibrational energy:  (1) a core/valence correction; (2) a Douglas-Kroll-Hess scalar relativistic correction; and (3) a first-order atomic spin-orbit correction. Several approaches to approximating the remaining correlation energy were examined. Theory and experiment are in good agreement for the structures, with the largest difference associated with the FO bond length of FOOF, where the best theoretical value is 0.020 Å shorter than experiment. Agreement with the available experimental heats of formation is good for FO and F2O and much worse for FOO and FOOF. The final theoretical heats of formation (kcal/mol) at 298 K are 27.9 ± 0.4 (FO), 6.6 ± 0.5 (F2O), 9.6 ± 0.6 (FO2), and 9.6 ± 0.9 (FOOF), where the uncertainties include an estimate for the intrinsic errors in the calculations. The corresponding experimental values adopted by the NIST-JANAF tables are 26.1 ± 2.4 (FO), 5.9 ± 0.5 (F2O), 6.1 ± 0.5 (FO2), and 4.6 ± 0.5 (FOOF). We suggest that the values reported here for FO and FO2 are the most reliable values available for these species and recommend their use. For FOOF, the current theoretical as well as that of others differ significantly from experiment and we recommend their use. Our theoretical value for FOOF has the smallest estimated error limits. In light of the demonstrated accuracy of the approach followed here for a large number of molecules and the magnitude of the discrepancy between theory and experiment for FO2 and FOOF, a reexamination of these systems by experimentalists appears justified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11381065; Feller D. 1 Dixon D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division and, Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K1-83, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 45, p9641; Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Massoudi, Mehrdad
T1  - Boundary layer flow of a second grade fluid with variable heat flux at the wall
JO  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
JF  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 143
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 00963003
AB  - We study the boundary layer (stagnation) flow of a second grade fluid, with a prescribed variable heat flux at the wall. The flow is assumed to be steady and laminar. The governing equations are solved using an iterative central difference approximation method in a non-uniform grid domain. The effects of the non-Newtonian nature of the fluid and the heat flux parameter on the thermal boundary layer are also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematics & Computation is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEWTONIAN fluids
KW  - HEAT -- Convection
KW  - Heat convection
KW  - Second grade non-Newtonian fluid
KW  - Similarity analysis
KW  - Stagnation flow
N1  - Accession Number: 9900852; Massoudi, Mehrdad 1; Email Address: massoudi@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 143 Issue 2/3, p201; Subject Term: NEWTONIAN fluids; Subject Term: HEAT -- Convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Second grade non-Newtonian fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Similarity analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stagnation flow; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0096-3003(02)00352-1
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonneau, F.
AU  - Combis, P.
AU  - Rullier, J.L.
AU  - Commandré, M.
AU  - During, A.
AU  - Natoli, J.Y.
AU  - Pellin, M.J.
AU  - Savina, M.R.
AU  - Cottancin, E.
AU  - Pellarin, M.
T1  - Observation by photothermal microscopy of increased silica absorption in laser damage induced by gold nanoparticles.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 83
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3855
EP  - 3857
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In order to understand laser-induced damage in glass, we subjected engineered SiO[sub 2] thin films containing sub-micron gold inclusions to high fluences, and observed the results using several means of analysis. We found decoupling in time between the emission of gold and that of silicon with samples containing gold spheres of diameter 3 nm. We have analyzed the changes in the silica optical absorption at 1064 nm, using photothermal deflection microscopy. We find, upon exceeding a sharp fluence threshold, a thousand-fold increase in absorption of the silica matrix around the inclusion. We conclude that ions from the inclusion permeate the surrounding silica, and form a highly absorbent mixture. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - GOLD
N1  - Accession Number: 11332793; Bonneau, F. 1; Email Address: florian.bonneau@cea.fr Combis, P. 1 Rullier, J.L. 1 Commandré, M. 2 During, A. 2 Natoli, J.Y. 2 Pellin, M.J. 3 Savina, M.R. 3 Cottancin, E. 4 Pellarin, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Département de Physique Théorique et Appliquée, CEA/DAM Ile de France  2: Institut Fresnel, ENSPM  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory  4: Centre Agrégat LASIM and DPM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and CNRS; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 19, p3855; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: GOLD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622790
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zurbuchen, Mark A.
AU  - Yunfa Jia, Mark A.
AU  - Knapp, Stacy
AU  - Carim, Altaf H.
AU  - Schlom, Darrell G.
AU  - Pan, X.Q.
T1  - Defect generation by preferred nucleation in epitaxial Sr[sub 2]RuO[sub 4]/LaAlO[sub 3].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 83
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3891
EP  - 3893
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The atomic structure of the film–substrate interface of a (001) Sr[sub 2]RuO[sub 4]/(100)[sub c] LaAlO[sub 3] film, determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and simulation, is reported. The structure of superconductivity-quenching Δc≈0.25 nm out-of-phase boundaries (OPBs) in the film is also reported. Growth in one region on the La-terminated surface is observed to nucleate with a SrO layer. Because two structurally equivalent SrO layers exist within the unit cell, two neighboring nuclei with differing growth order (SrO-RuO[sub 2]-SrO or RuO[sub 2]-SrO-SrO) will nucleate an OPB where their misaligned growth fronts meet. Strategies to avoid OPB generation by this mechanism are suggested, which it is hoped may ultimately lead to superconducting Sr[sub 2]RuO[sub 4] films. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - STRONTIUM compounds
KW  - LANTHANUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 11332781; Zurbuchen, Mark A. 1,2; Email Address: mark_z@mac.com Yunfa Jia, Mark A. 1 Knapp, Stacy 1 Carim, Altaf H. 1,3 Schlom, Darrell G. 1 Pan, X.Q. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University  2: Argonne National Laboratory  3: U.S. Department of Energy  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 19, p3891; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: STRONTIUM compounds; Subject Term: LANTHANUM compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1624631
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11332781&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feldmann, D.M.
AU  - Larbalestier, D.C.
AU  - Feenstra, R.
AU  - Gapud, A.A.
AU  - Budal, J.D.
AU  - Holesinger, T.G.
AU  - Arendt, P.N.
T1  - Through-thickness superconducting and normal-state transport properties revealed by thinning of thick film ex situ YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-x] coated conductors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 83
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3951
EP  - 3953
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A rapid decrease in the critical current density (J[sub c]) of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-x] (YBCO) films with increasing film thickness has been observed for multiple YBCO growth processes. While such behavior is predicted from two-dimensional collective pinning models under certain assumptions, empirical observations of the thickness dependence of J[sub c] are believed to be largely processing dependent at present. To investigate this behavior in ex situ YBCO films, 2.0- and 2.9-μm-thick YBCO films on ion beam assisted deposition-yttria stabilized zirconia substrates were thinned and repeatedly measured for ρ(T) and J[sub c](H). The 2.9 μm film exhibited a constant J[sub c][77 K, self-field (SF)] through thickness of ∼1 MA/cm[sup 2] while the 2.0 μm film exhibited an increase in J[sub c](77 K, SF) as it was thinned. Neither film offered evidence of significant dead layers, suggesting that further increases in critical current can be obtained by growing thicker YBCO layers. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - BARIUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 11332761; Feldmann, D.M. 1; Email Address: feldmann@cae.wisc.edu Larbalestier, D.C. 1 Feenstra, R. 2 Gapud, A.A. 2 Budal, J.D. 2 Holesinger, T.G. 3 Arendt, P.N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Applied Superconductivity Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 19, p3951; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1625103
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aytug, T.
AU  - Paranthaman, M.
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Rutter, N.
AU  - Zhai, H.Y.
AU  - Gapud, A.A.
AU  - Ijaduola, A.O.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
T1  - Electrical and magnetic properties of conductive Cu-based coated conductors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 83
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3963
EP  - 3965
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The development of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-δ] (YBCO)-based coated conductors for electric power applications will require electrical and thermal stabilization of the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coating. In addition, nonmagnetic tape substrates are an important factor in order to reduce the ferromagnetic hysteresis energy loss in ac applications. We report progress toward a conductive buffer layer architecture on biaxially textured nonmagnetic Cu tapes to electrically couple the HTS layer to the underlying metal substrate. A protective Ni overlayer, followed by a single buffer layer of La[sub 0.7]Sr[sub 0.3]MnO[sub 3], was employed to avoid Cu diffusion and to improve oxidation resistance of the substrate. Property characterizations of YBCO films on short prototype samples revealed self-field critical current density (J[sub c]) values exceeding 2×10[sup 6] A/cm[sup 2] at 77 K and good electrical connectivity. Magnetic hysteretic loss due to Ni overlayer was also investigated. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - COPPER
KW  - CRITICAL currents
N1  - Accession Number: 11332757; Aytug, T. 1,2; Email Address: aytugt@ornl.gov Paranthaman, M. 1 Thompson, J.R. 1 Goyal, A. 1 Rutter, N. 1 Zhai, H.Y. 1 Gapud, A.A. 1 Ijaduola, A.O. 1 Christen, D.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 19, p3963; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1626263
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cardozo, B.L.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
AU  - Reichertz, L.A.
AU  - Beeman, J.W.
T1  - Far-infrared absorption in GaAs:Te liquid phase epitaxial films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 83
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3990
EP  - 3992
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The far-infrared absorption spectrum of n-type GaAs is of interest for applications such as GaAs photoconductors and blocked impurity band detectors. The linear optical absorption coefficients α for three n-type GaAs films of varying doping concentrations have been measured in the range of 10 to 100 cm[sup -1] using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. These results show α having maximum values of between 46 cm[sup -1] at 1×10[sup 15] cm[sup -3] and approximately 800 cm[sup -1] at 2.1×10[sup 16] cm[sup -3]. The formation and widening of a donor impurity band with increasing impurity concentration is clearly demonstrated. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR films
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide semiconductors
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 11332748; Cardozo, B.L. 1 Haller, E.E. 2; Email Address: eehaller@lbl.gov Reichertz, L.A. 3 Beeman, J.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California  2: Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  3: Department of Physics, University of California; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 19, p3990; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR films; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide semiconductors; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1624491
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11332748&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Ronald L.
AU  - Tengjiao Hu
AU  - Lin, Eric K.
AU  - Wen-Li Wu
AU  - Kolb, Rainer
AU  - Casa, Diego M.
AU  - Bolton, Patrick J.
AU  - Barclay, George G.
T1  - Small angle x-ray scattering for sub-100 nm pattern characterization.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 83
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4059
EP  - 4061
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Characterization of sub-100 nm photolithographic patterns with nanometer scale resolution is demonstrated using small angle x-ray scattering. The transmission scattering geometry employed potentially enables high throughput measurements for future technology nodes of the semiconductor industry, organic and inorganic nanoscale devices, and three-dimensional structures. The method is demonstrated through the characterization of a series of polymer photoresist gratings using a synchrotron x-ray source. Quantities, such as periodicity and line width, are extracted using minimal modeling. Additional quantities and the potential of a laboratory-based x-ray system are briefly discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PHOTORESISTS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11332725; Jones, Ronald L. 1 Tengjiao Hu 1 Lin, Eric K. 1 Wen-Li Wu 1; Email Address: wenli@nist.gov Kolb, Rainer 2 Casa, Diego M. 3 Bolton, Patrick J. 4 Barclay, George G. 4; Affiliation:  1: NIST Polymers Division  2: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company  3: CMC-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory  4: Shipley Company, Incorporated Malborough; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 19, p4059; Subject Term: PHOTORESISTS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622793
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11332725&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Metzger, W.K.
AU  - Wanlass, M.W.
AU  - Ellingson, R.J.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R.K.
AU  - Carapella, J.J.
T1  - Erratum: Auger recombination in low-band-gap n-type InGaAs [Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 3272 (2001)].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 83
IS  - 19
M3  - Correction Notice
SP  - 4062
EP  - 4062
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Presents a correction to the article "Auger Recombination in Low-Band-Gap n-type InGaAs" that was previously published in the periodical "Applied Physics Letters".
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide semiconductors
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11332724; Metzger, W.K. 1 Wanlass, M.W. 1 Ellingson, R.J. 1 Ahrenkiel, R.K. 1 Carapella, J.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 19, p4062; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide semiconductors; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction Notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1625436
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schnack, Jürgen
AU  - Luban, Marshall
AU  - Modler, Robert
T1  - ROTATIONAL BAND STRUCTURE OF LOW-LYING EXCITATIONS IN SMALL HEISENBERG SYSTEMS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 5053
EP  - 5057
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We derive the low-temperature properties of the giant molecular magnet {Mo[sub 72]Fe[sub 30]}, where 30 Fe[sup 3+] paramagnetic ions occupy the sites of an icosidodecahedron and interact via isotropic nearest-neighbour antiferromagnetic Heisenberg exchange. The key idea of our model is that the low-lying excitations form a sequence of "rotational bands", i.e. for each such band the excitation energies depend quadratically on the total spin quantum number. As rotational bands characterise the spectra of many magnetic molecules our method opens a new road towards a description of their low-temperature behaviour which is not accessible otherwise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - HEISENBERG uncertainty principle
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11768320; Schnack, Jürgen 1 Luban, Marshall 2 Modler, Robert 2; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics, University of Osnabrück, Germany  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, USA; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 28, p5053; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: HEISENBERG uncertainty principle; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dean, D. J.
T1  - THERMAL PHASES IN FINITE QUANTUM SYSTEMS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 5093
EP  - 5100
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - I will describe the behaviour of two different quantum-mechanical systems as a function of increasing temperature. While these systems are somewhat different, the questions addressed are very similar, namely, how does one describe transitions in phase of a finite many-body system; how does one recognise these transitions in practical calculations; and how may one obtain the order of the transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANY-body problem
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 11768317; Dean, D. J. 1; Email Address: deanj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, MS. 6373, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6373 USA; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 28, p5093; Subject Term: MANY-body problem; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coester, F.
T1  - FROM LIGHT NUCLEI TO NUCLEAR MATTER:: THE ROLE OF RELATIVITY?
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 5327
EP  - 5333
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - The success of non-relativistic quantum dynamics in accounting for the binding energies and spectra of light nuclei with masses up to A=10 raises the question whether the same dynamics applied to infinite nuclear matter agrees with the empirical saturation properties of large nuclei. The simple unambiguous relation between few-nucleon and many-nucleon Hamiltonians is directly related to the Galilean covariance of nonrelativistic dynamics. Relations between the irreducible unitary representations of the Galilei and Poincaré groups indicate that the "nonrelativistic" nuclear Hamiltonians may provide sufficiently accurate approximations to Poincaré invariant mass operators. In relativistic nuclear dynamics based on suitable Lagrangeans the intrinsic nucleon parity is an explicit, dynamically relevant, degree of freedom and the emphasis is on properties of nuclear matter. The success of this approach suggests the question how it might account for the spectral properties of light nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
N1  - Accession Number: 11768294; Coester, F. 1; Email Address: coester@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 28, p5327; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortiz, G.
AU  - Batista, C. D.
T1  - HIDDEN UNITY IN THE QUANTUM DESCRIPTION OF MATTER.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 17
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 5413
EP  - 5423
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We introduce an algebraic framework for interacting quantum systems that enables studying complex phenomena, characterised by the coexistence and competition of various broken symmetry states of matter. The approach unveils the hidden unity behind seemingly unrelated physical phenomena, thus establishing exact connections between them. This leads to the fundamental concept of universality of physical phenomena, a general concept not restricted to the domain of critical behaviour. Key to our framework is the concept of languages and the construction of dictionaries relating them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - MATTER
KW  - SUBSTANCE (Philosophy)
KW  - PHENOMENALISM
N1  - Accession Number: 11768287; Ortiz, G. 1; Email Address: ortiz@viking.lanl.gov Batista, C. D.; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 11/10/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 28, p5413; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: SUBSTANCE (Philosophy); Subject Term: PHENOMENALISM; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilbe, Karin
AU  - Salminen, Mika
AU  - Laukkanen, Tiina
AU  - McCutchan, Francine
AU  - Ray, Stuart C.
AU  - Albert, Jan
AU  - Leitner, Thomas
T1  - Characterization of novel recombinant HIV-1 genomes using the branching index
JO  - Virology
JF  - Virology
Y1  - 2003/11/10/
VL  - 316
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
SN  - 00426822
AB  - We have characterized six novel genomes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sampled from individuals infected in Uganda and former Zaire. Four isolates (SE6954, SE8603, UG035, and UG266) had clear recombination patterns that included subtypes A1, D and C. The two remaining strains (SE8646 and SE9010) also appeared to be recombinant but had a more complex pattern. To facilitate the classification of these two genomes we developed a metric, the branching index, for characterization of “problematic” sequence fragments that associate to a subtype cluster with a high bootstrap value but are only distantly related to the reference sequences. The branching index is able to signal when parental representatives may be missing and a subtype classification thus is not meaningful. Several fragments of SE8646 and SE9010 had a branching index below the subtype defining cutoff value (0.55) and, therefore, these genomes could not be unequivocally classified. The branching index, with a cutoff value defined from analyses of HIV-1 reference sequences, may be a useful approach not only for more conservative classifications of HIV-1 subtypes but also for analyzing relationships among other types of sequences. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Virology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETIC recombination
KW  - MOLECULAR evolution
KW  - HIV-1
KW  - Molecular evolution
KW  - Recombination
KW  - Subtype classification
N1  - Accession Number: 11253983; Wilbe, Karin 1,2; Email Address: karin.wilbe@smi.ki.se Salminen, Mika 3 Laukkanen, Tiina 3; Email Address: tkl@lanl.gov McCutchan, Francine 4 Ray, Stuart C. 5 Albert, Jan 1 Leitner, Thomas 1,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden  2: Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden  3: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, HIV-Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, FIN-00300, Helsinki, Finland  4: The Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD 20850, USA  5: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA  6: HIV Sequence Database, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Group T-10, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 316 Issue 1, p116; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETIC recombination; Subject Term: MOLECULAR evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subtype classification; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.virol.2003.08.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chromy, Brett A.
AU  - Nowak, Richard J.
AU  - Lambert, Mary P.
AU  - Viola, Kirsten L.
AU  - Lei Chang
AU  - Velasco, Pauline T.
AU  - Jones, Bryan W.
AU  - Fernandez, Sara J.
AU  - Lacor, Pascale N.
AU  - Horowitz, Peleg
AU  - Finch, Caleb E.
AU  - Krafft, Grant A.
AU  - Klein, William L.
T1  - Self-Assembly of Aβ[SUB1-42] into Globular Neurotoxins.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/11/
VL  - 42
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 12749
EP  - 12760
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Amyloid β 1-42 (Aβ[SUB1]-42) is a self-associating peptide that becomes neurotoxic upon aggregation. Toxicity originally was attributed to the presence of large, readily formed A/5 fibrils, but a variety of other toxic species are now known. The current study shows that Aβ[SUB1]-42 can self-assemble into small, stable globular assemblies free of fibrils and protofibrils. Absence of large molecules was verified by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nondenaturing gel electrophoresis. Denaturing electrophoresis revealed that the globular assemblies comprised oligomers ranging from trimers to 24mers. Oligomers prepared at 4 °C stayed fibril-free for days and remained so when shifted to 37 °C, although the spectrum of sizes shifted toward larger oligomers at the higher temperature. The soluble, globular Aβ[SUB1]-42 oligomers were toxic to PC12 cells, impairing reduction of MTT and interfering with ERK and Rac signal transduction. Occasionally, oligomers were neither toxic nor recognized by toxicity-neutralizing antibodies, suggesting that oligomers could assume alternative conformations. Tests for oligomerization-blocking activity were carded out by dot-blot immunoassays and showed that neuroprotective extracts of Ginkgo biloba could inhibit oligomer formation at very low doses. The observed neurotoxicity, structure, and stability of synthetic Aβ[SUB1]-42 globular assemblies support the hypothesis that Aβ[SUB1]-42 oligomers play a role in triggering nerve cell dysfunction and death in Alzheimer's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - AMYLOID
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - OLIGOMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11424963; Chromy, Brett A. 1 Nowak, Richard J. 2 Lambert, Mary P. 3 Viola, Kirsten L. 3 Lei Chang 3 Velasco, Pauline T. 3 Jones, Bryan W. 3 Fernandez, Sara J. 3 Lacor, Pascale N. 3 Horowitz, Peleg 4 Finch, Caleb E. 5 Krafft, Grant A. 6 Klein, William L. 3; Email Address: wklein@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biodefense Division, biology and biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore national Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-446, Livermore, California 94551.  2: Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.  3: Department of Neurobiology, and Physiology, 2205 Tech Drive, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208.  4: Medical School, Northwestern University, 320 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611.  5: Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089.  6: Acumen Pharmaceuticals, 1309 Evergreen Ct, Glenview, Illinois 60025.; Source Info: 11/11/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 44, p12749; Subject Term: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject Term: AMYLOID; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mack, J.M.
AU  - Berggren, R.R.
AU  - Caldwell, S.E.
AU  - Evans, S.C.
AU  - Faulkner Jr., J.R.
AU  - Lerche, R.A.
AU  - Oertel, J.A.
AU  - Young, C.S.
T1  - Observation of high-energy deuterium–tritium fusion gamma rays using gas Cherenkov detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/11/11/
VL  - 513
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
SN  - 01689002
AB  - As fusion ignition conditions are approached using the National Ignition Facility (NIF), independent high-bandwidth gamma-ray fusion-burn measurements become essential complements to neutron-based methods. Time resolution ∼20 ps (10–30 GHz), energy discrimination, and significant stand off distance may be needed for credible burn history measurements.The 16.75 MeV gamma rays that accompany deuterium–tritium (d+t) fusion provide a high-bandwidth alternative to 14 MeV fusion neutrons for d+t burn-history measurements. A thresholding detector, based on the Cherenkov effect, resulting from Compton and pair production electron interactions in gaseous carbon dioxide, offers a means of separating the high-energy fusion gamma rays from other background sources. When coupled to appropriate streak camera recorders, a gas Cherenkov system response of 15 GHz is feasible. As a first step toward this goal, a gas Cherenkov system, employing a 1 GHz photodiode detector, was fielded at the Omega laser facility to demonstrate unambiguous detection of fusion gamma rays from high-yield d+t implosions. With the carbon dioxide Cherenkov production threshold at 12 MeV, the observed high-energy gamma-ray signal is proportional to the observed 14 MeV fusion neutron yield and independent of neutron-induced gamma rays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - 16.75 MeV d+t gamma ray
KW  - Gas Cherenkov detector
N1  - Accession Number: 11174697; Mack, J.M. 1; Email Address: jmmack@lanl.gov Berggren, R.R. 1 Caldwell, S.E. 1 Evans, S.C. 1 Faulkner Jr., J.R. 1 Lerche, R.A. 2 Oertel, J.A. 1 Young, C.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Almaos, NM 87545, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA  3: Sumner Associates, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 513 Issue 3, p566; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16.75 MeV d+t gamma ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas Cherenkov detector; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01930-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, H. J.
AU  - Dai, Pengcheng
AU  - Lynn, J. W.
AU  - Matsuura, M.
AU  - Thompson, J. R.
AU  - Zhang, Shou-Cheng
AU  - Argyriou, D. N.
AU  - Onose, Y.
AU  - Tokura, Y.
T1  - Condensed-matter physics (communication arising): Spurious magnetism in high-Tc superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/11/13/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6963
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
EP  - 140
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Mang et al. observe a cubic (Nd,Ce)2O3 impurity phase grown epitaxially in annealed samples of electron-doped Nd2-xCexCuO4 (NCCO). They claim that this impurity phase has long-range order parallel to the CuO2 planes of NCCO but extending only about 4ac perpendicular to the planes, thus forming a quasi-two-dimensional (Nd,Ce)2O3 lattice matched with the a-b plane of NCCO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - PHYSICS research
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 11359275; Kang, H. J. 1 Dai, Pengcheng 1 Lynn, J. W. 1 Matsuura, M. 1 Thompson, J. R. 1 Zhang, Shou-Cheng 1 Argyriou, D. N. 1 Onose, Y. 1 Tokura, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200, and Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6393, USA; Source Info: 11/13/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6963, p140; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/426140a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, H. J.
AU  - Dai, Pengcheng
AU  - Lynn, J. W.
AU  - Matsuura, M.
AU  - Thompson, J. R.
AU  - Zhang, Shou-Cheng
AU  - Argyriou, D. N.
AU  - Onose, Y.
AU  - Tokura, Y.
T1  - Condensed-matter physics (communication arising): Spurious magnetism in high-Tc superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/11/13/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6963
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
EP  - 140
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Mang et al. observe a cubic (Nd,Ce)2O3 impurity phase grown epitaxially in annealed samples of electron-doped Nd2-xCexCuO4 (NCCO). They claim that this impurity phase has long-range order parallel to the CuO2 planes of NCCO but extending only about 4ac perpendicular to the planes, thus forming a quasi-two-dimensional (Nd,Ce)2O3 lattice matched with the a-b plane of NCCO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Condensed matter
KW  - Physics research
KW  - Copper oxide superconductors
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 11359275; Kang, H. J. 1; Dai, Pengcheng 1; Lynn, J. W. 1; Matsuura, M. 1; Thompson, J. R. 1; Zhang, Shou-Cheng 1; Argyriou, D. N. 1; Onose, Y. 1; Tokura, Y. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200, and Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6393, USA; Issue Info: 11/13/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6963, p140; Subject Term: Condensed matter; Subject Term: Physics research; Subject Term: Copper oxide superconductors; Subject Term: Superconductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/426140a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parish, M. M.
AU  - Littlewood, P. B.
T1  - Non-saturating magnetoresistance in heavily disordered semiconductors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/11/13/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6963
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 165
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The resistance of a homogeneous semiconductor increases quadratically with magnetic field at low fields and, except in very special cases, saturates at fields much larger than the inverse of the carrier mobility, a number typically of the order of 1 T (refs 1, 2). A surprising exception to this behaviour has recently been observed in doped silver chalcogenides, which exhibit an anomalously large, quasi-linear magnetoresistive response that extends down to low fields and survives, even at extreme fields of 55 T and beyond. Here we present a simple model of a macroscopically disordered and strongly inhomogeneous semiconductor that exhibits a similar non-saturating magnetoresistance. In addition to providing a possible explanation for the behaviour of doped silver chalcogenides, our model suggests potential routes for the construction of magnetic field sensors with a large, controllable and linear response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CHALCOGENIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 11359269; Parish, M. M. 1; Email Address: mmp24@cam.ac.uk Littlewood, P. B. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3  0HE,  UK.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Pulsed Field Facility,  LANL, Los  Alamos, New Mexico  87545, USA.; Source Info: 11/13/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6963, p162; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CHALCOGENIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaeger, Calvin D.
T1  - Chemical facility vulnerability assessment project
JO  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
Y1  - 2003/11/14/
VL  - 104
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 03043894
AB  - Sandia National Laboratories, under the direction of the Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Justice, conducted the chemical facility vulnerability assessment (CFVA) project. The primary objective of this project was to develop, test and validate a vulnerability assessment methodology (VAM) for determining the security of chemical facilities against terrorist or criminal attacks (VAM-CF™). The project also included a report to the Department of Justice for Congress that in addition to describing the VAM-CF™ also addressed general observations related to security practices, threats and risks at chemical facilities and chemical transport.In the development of the VAM-CF™ Sandia leveraged the experience gained from the use and development of VAs in other areas and the input from the chemical industry and Federal agencies. The VAM-CF™ is a systematic, risk-based approach where risk is a function of the severity of consequences of an undesired event, the attack potential, and the likelihood of adversary success in causing the undesired event. For the purpose of the VAM-CF™ analyses Risk is a function of S, LA, and LAS, where S is the severity of consequence of an event, LA is the attack potential and LAS likelihood of adversary success in causing a catastrophic event. The VAM-CF™ consists of 13 basic steps. It involves an initial screening step, which helps to identify and prioritize facilities for further analysis. This step is similar to the prioritization approach developed by the American Chemistry Council (ACC). Other steps help to determine the components of the risk equation and ultimately the risk. The VAM-CF™ process involves identifying the hazardous chemicals and processes at a chemical facility. It helps chemical facilities to focus their attention on the most critical areas. The VAM-CF™ is not a quantitative analysis but, rather, compares relative security risks. If the risks are deemed too high, recommendations are developed for measures to reduce the risk. This paper will briefly discuss the CFVA project and VAM-CF™ process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hazardous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL industry
KW  - INDUSTRIES -- Security measures
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - INDUSTRIAL management
KW  - Chemical facility vulnerability assessment
KW  - VAM-CF™
KW  - Vulnerability assessment methodology
N1  - Accession Number: 11251479; Jaeger, Calvin D. 1; Email Address: cdjaege@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Security Systems and Technology Center, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0759, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 104 Issue 1-3, p207; Subject Term: CHEMICAL industry; Subject Term: INDUSTRIES -- Security measures; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical facility vulnerability assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: VAM-CF™; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vulnerability assessment methodology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3894(03)00272-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Collis, Gavin E.
AU  - Burrell, Anthony K.
AU  - Scott, Sonya M.
AU  - Officer, David L.
T1  - Toward Functionalized Conducting Polymers Synthesis and Characterization of Novel β-(Styryl)terthiophenes.
JO  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/14/
VL  - 68
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 8974
EP  - 8983
SN  - 00223263
AB  - Metal-catalyzed coupling methodologies have been employed in the synthesis of the key building block 3'-formyl-2,2':5',2"-terthiophene. Wittig olefinations with this aldehyde have produced five novel β-styryl-substituted terthiophene monomers. These materials have been fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy, microanalysis, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystal structure analysis. The results from the UV/visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetric investigations are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDUCTING polymers
KW  - ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry)
KW  - ORGANONITROGEN compounds
KW  - CATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 11574149; Collis, Gavin E. 1 Burrell, Anthony K. 1; Email Address: burrell@lanl.gov Scott, Sonya M. 2,3 Officer, David L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Actinide, Catalysis and Separations Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Nanomaterials Research Centre, Massey University, New Zealand  3: Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University; Source Info: 11/14/2003, Vol. 68 Issue 23, p8974; Subject Term: CONDUCTING polymers; Subject Term: ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry); Subject Term: ORGANONITROGEN compounds; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
AU  - Li, Zhanqing
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
AU  - Wiscombe, Warren
AU  - Stephens, Graeme L.
T1  - Have Clouds Darkened Since 1995?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/14/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5648
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1151
EP  - 1152
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor, along with its response, published in the November 14, 2003 issue of the periodical "Science," about reports on some recent findings concerning the cloud absorption anomaly debate.
KW  - Clouds
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 11546980; Li, Zhanqing 1; Ackerman, Thomas P. 2; Wiscombe, Warren 3; Stephens, Graeme L. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Meteorology and ESSIC, University of Maryland, 2207 CSS Building, College Park, MD 20742-2465, USA, and Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.; 2: Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program,Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,Post Office Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.; 3: Climate and Radiation Branch, NASA Goddard Space Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.; 4: Department of Atmospheric Sciences,Colorado State University,Fort Collins, CO 80523,USA.; Issue Info: 11/14/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5648, p1151; Thesaurus Term: Clouds; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Kyeong-Hee
AU  - Dinner, Aaron R.
AU  - Tu, Chun
AU  - Campi, Gabriele
AU  - Raychaudhuri, Subhadip
AU  - Varma, Rajat
AU  - Sims, Tasha N.
AU  - Burack, W. Richard
AU  - Wu, Hui
AU  - Wang, Julia
AU  - Kanagawa, Osami
AU  - Markiewicz, Mary
AU  - Allen, Paul M.
AU  - Dustin, Michael L.
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup K.
AU  - Shaw, Andrey S.
T1  - The Immunological Synapse Balances T Cell ReceptorSignaling and Degradation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/14/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5648
M3  - Article
SP  - 1218
EP  - 1222
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The immunological synapse is a specialized cell-cell junction between T cell and antigen-presenting cell surfaces. It is characterized by a central cluster of antigen receptors, a ring of integrin family adhesion molecules, and temporal stability over hours. The role of this specific organization in signaling for T cell activation has been controversial. We use in vitro and in silico experiments to determine that the immunological synapse acts as a type of adaptive controller that both boosts T cell receptor triggering and attenuates strong signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - T cell receptors
KW  - ANTIGEN presenting cells
KW  - SYNAPSES
KW  - CELL adhesion molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 11547010; Lee, Kyeong-Hee 1,2 Dinner, Aaron R. 3 Tu, Chun 1 Campi, Gabriele 4 Raychaudhuri, Subhadip 5 Varma, Rajat 4 Sims, Tasha N. 4 Burack, W. Richard 1 Wu, Hui 1 Wang, Julia 1 Kanagawa, Osami 1 Markiewicz, Mary 1 Allen, Paul M. 1 Dustin, Michael L. 4; Email Address: dustin@saturn.med.nyu.edu Chakraborty, Arup K. 3,5,6; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu Shaw, Andrey S. 1; Email Address: shaw@pathbox.wustl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8118, 660 South Euclid, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.  2: Department of Immunology, Cenentech, 530 Forbes Boulevard, One DMA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  4: Program in Molecular Pathogenesis, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Pathology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.  5: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  6: Physical Biosciences and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 11/14/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5648, p1218; Subject Term: T cell receptors; Subject Term: ANTIGEN presenting cells; Subject Term: SYNAPSES; Subject Term: CELL adhesion molecules; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4611
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poitrasson, Franck
AU  - Xianglei Mao
AU  - Samuel S. Mao, Franck
AU  - Freydier, Rémi
AU  - Russo, Richard E.
T1  - Comparison of Ultraviolet Femtosecond and Nanosecond Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Analysis in Glass, Monazite, and Zircon.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6184
EP  - 6190
SN  - 00032700
AB  - We compared the analytical performance of ultraviolet femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). The benefit of ultrafast lasers was evaluated regarding thermalinduced chemical fractionation, that is otherwise well known to limit LA-ICPMS. Both lasers had a Gaussian beam energy profile and were tested using the same ablation system and ICPMS analyzer. Resulting crater morphologies and analytical signals showed more straightforward femtosecond laser ablation processes, with minimai thermal effects. Despite a less stable energy output, the ultrafast laser yielded elemental (Pb/U, Pb/Th) and Pb isotopic ratios that were more precise, repeatable, and accurate, even when compared to the best analytical conditions for the nanosecond laser. Measurements on NIST glasses, monazites, and zircon also showed that femtosecond LA-ICPMS calibration was less matrixmatched dependent and therefore more versatile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FEMTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry
KW  - GAUSSIAN beams
KW  - MONAZITE
N1  - Accession Number: 11699789; Poitrasson, Franck 1; Email Address: Franck.Poitrasson@cict.fr Xianglei Mao 2 Samuel S. Mao, Franck 2 Freydier, Rémi 1 Russo, Richard E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Géochimie, UMR 5563 "Mécanismes de Transfert en Géologie", Centre National de  Ia Recherche Scientifique--UPS--IRD, 38, rue des 36 Ponts, 31400 Toulouse, France  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, M/S 70-108B, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 22, p6184; Subject Term: FEMTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN beams; Subject Term: MONAZITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Culha, Mustafa
AU  - Stokes, David
AU  - Allain, Leonardo R.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrate Based on a Self-Assembled Monolayer for Use in Gene Diagnostics.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6196
EP  - 6201
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The development of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active substrates for cancer gene detection is described. The detection method uses Raman active dyelabeled DNA gene probes, self-assembled monolayers, and nanostructured metallic substrates as SERS-active platforms. The mercaptohexane-labeled single-stranded DNA (SH- (CH[SUB2])[SUB6-ss]DNA)/6-mercapto- 1-hexanol system formed on a silver surface is characterized by atomic force microcopy. The surface-enhanced Raman gene (SERGen) probes developed in this study can be used to detect DNA targets via hybridization to complementary DNA probes. The probes do not require the use of radioactive labels and have a great potential to provide both sensitivity and selectivity. The effectiveness of this approach and its application in cancer gene diagnostics (BRCA1 breast cancer gene) are investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - DNA probes
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
N1  - Accession Number: 11699791; Culha, Mustafa 1 Stokes, David 1 Allain, Leonardo R. 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan 1; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, MS-6101  P.O. Box  2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 22, p6196; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: DNA probes; Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kan Zhu, David E.
AU  - Jeongkwon Kim
AU  - Chul Yoo, David E.
AU  - Miller, Fred R.
AU  - Lubman, David M.
T1  - High Sequence Coverage of Proteins Isolated from Liquid Separations of Breast Cancer Cells Using Capillary Electrophoresis-Time-of-Flight MS and MALDI-TOF MS Mapping.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6209
EP  - 6217
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A method has been developed for high sequence coverage analysis of proteins isolated from breast cancer cell lines. Intact proteins are isolated using multidimensional liquid. phase separations that permit the collection of individual protein fractions. Protein digests are then analyzed by both matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-offlight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) peptide mass fingerprinting and by capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization (CE-ESI)-TOF MS peptide mapping. These methods can be readily interfaced to the relatively clean proteins resulting from liquid-phase fractionation of cell lysates with little sample preparation. Using combined sequence information provided by both mapping methods, 100% sequence coverage is often obtained for smaller proteins, while for larger proteins up to 75 kDa, over 90% coverage can be obtained. Furthermore, an accurate intact protein MW value (within 150 ppm) can be obtained from ESI-TOF MS. The intact MW together with high coverage sequence information provides accurate identification. More notably the high sequence coverage of CE-ESI-TOF MS together with the MS/MS information provided by the ion trap/reTOF MS elucidates posttranslational modifications, sequence changes, truncations, and isoforms that may otherwise go undetected when standard MALDI-MS peptide fingerprinting is used. This capability is critical in the analysis of human cancer ceils where large numbers of expressed proteins are modified, and these modifcafions may play an important role in the cancer process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
KW  - MATRIX-assisted laser desorption-ionization
N1  - Accession Number: 11699793; Kan Zhu, David E. 1 Jeongkwon Kim 1,2 Chul Yoo, David E. 1 Miller, Fred R. 3 Lubman, David M. 1; Email Address: dmlubman@umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National  Laboratory,  P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352  3: Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 22, p6209; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; Subject Term: MATRIX-assisted laser desorption-ionization; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nolan, Rhiannon L.
AU  - Hong Cai
AU  - Nolan, John P.
AU  - Goodwin, Peter M.
T1  - A Simple Quenching Method for Fluorescence Background Reduction and  Its Application to the Direct, Quantitative Detection of Specific mRNA.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6236
EP  - 6243
SN  - 00032700
AB  - New genome sequence information is rapidly increasing the number of nucleic acid (NA) targets of use for characterizing and treating diseases. Detection of these targets by fluorescence-based assays is often limited by fluorescence background from unincorporated or unbound probes that are present in large excess over the target. To solve this problem, energy transfer-based probes have been developed and used to reduce the fluorescence from unbound probes. Although these probes have revolutionized NA target detection, their use requires scrupulous attention to design constraints, extensive probe quality control, and individually optimized experimental conditions. Here, we describe a simpler background reduction approach using singly labeled quencher oligomers to suppress excess unbound probe fluorescence following probe-target hybridization. A second limitation of most fluorescence-based NA target detection and quantification assays is the requirement for enzymatic amplification of target or signal for sensitivity. Amplification steps make quantification of original target copy number problematic because of variations in amplification efficiencies between the sequence targets and the experimental conditions. To avoid amplification, we coupled our quenching approach to a two-color NA assay with cotrelated, two-color, single-molecule fluorescence detection. We demonstrate a > 100-fold background reduction and detection of targets present at concentrations as low as 100 fM using the two-color assay. The application of this technique to the detection and quantification of specific mRNA sequences enabled us to estimate β-actin copy numbers in cell-derived total RNA without an amPlificalion step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - OLIGOMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11699797; Nolan, Rhiannon L. 1 Hong Cai 1; Email Address: cai_hong@lanl.gov Nolan, John P. 1 Goodwin, Peter M. 1; Email Address: pmg@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 22, p6236; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weaver, Carole
AU  - Farr III, Gist H.
AU  - Weijun Pan
AU  - Rowning, Brian A.
AU  - Jiyong Wang
AU  - Junhao Mao, Brian A.
AU  - Dianqing Wu
AU  - Lin Li
AU  - Larabell, Carolyn A.
AU  - Kimelman, David
T1  - GBP binds kinesin light chain and translocates during cortical rotation in Xenopus eggs.
JO  - Development (09501991)
JF  - Development (09501991)
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 130
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5425
EP  - 5436
SN  - 09501991
AB  - In Xenopus, axis development is initiated by dorsally elevated levels of cytoplasmic β-catenin, an intracellular factor regulated by GSK3 kinase activity. Upon fertilization, factors that increase β-catenin stability are translocated to the prospective dorsal side of the embryo in a microtubule-dependent process. However, neither the identity of these factors nor the mechanism of their movement is understood. Here, we show that the GSK3 inhibitory protein GBP/Frat binds kinesin light chain (KLC), a component of the microtubule motor kinesin. Upon egg activation, GBP-GFP and KLC-GFP form particles and exhibit directed translocation. KLC, through a previously uncharacterized conserved domain, binds a region of GBP that is required for GBP translocation and for GSK3 binding, and competes with GSK3 for GBP. We propose a model in which conventional kinesin transports a GBP-containing complex to the future dorsal side, where GBP dissociates and contributes to the local stabilization of β-catenin by binding and inhibiting GSK3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Development (09501991) is the property of Company of Biologists Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - KINESIN
KW  - AXIS (Vertebra)
KW  - XENOPUS
KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
KW  - Axis specification
KW  - Cortical rotation
KW  - Frat
KW  - Microtubules
KW  - Wnt pathway
N1  - Accession Number: 12124300; Weaver, Carole 1,2 Farr III, Gist H. 1 Weijun Pan 3 Rowning, Brian A. 4,5 Jiyong Wang 3 Junhao Mao, Brian A. 6 Dianqing Wu 6 Lin Li 3 Larabell, Carolyn A. 4,5 Kimelman, David 1; Email Address: kimelman@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  2: Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  3: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, China  4: Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CN 06030, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 130 Issue 22, p5425; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: KINESIN; Subject Term: AXIS (Vertebra); Subject Term: XENOPUS; Subject Term: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Axis specification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cortical rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microtubules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wnt pathway; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Black and White Photograph, 5 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1242/dev.00737
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12124300&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aciego, Sarah
AU  - Kennedy, B.M.
AU  - DePaolo, Donald J.
AU  - Christensen, John N.
AU  - Hutcheon, Ian
T1  - U–Th/He age of phenocrystic garnet from the 79 AD eruption of Mt. Vesuvius
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 216
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - The U–Th/He system can potentially be used for dating volcanic rocks with ages as young as a few thousand years and as old as several million years, thus providing a valuable supplement to radiocarbon and K–Ar dating. Garnet phenocrysts from the 79 AD eruption of Mt. Vesuvius were dated to evaluate the accuracy with which the necessary measurements and corrections can be made. The determined age, corrected for diffusive loss of He, alpha ejection, and initial U-series disequilibrium, is 1885±188 yr which compares well with the known age of 1923 yr. U and Th concentrations were measured by isotope dilution on different aliquots than were used for He concentration measurements. Step-wise degassing yielded an Arrhenius relationship for He diffusion in garnet with an activation energy of 91.31±5.76 kJ/mol and ln D0/a2=−2.00±0.56. The uniformity of U and Th concentrations in garnet was checked by ion microprobe analysis. The 234U/238U and 230Th/238U activity ratios were measured by MC-ICPMS. The results suggest that with proper analysis and corrections, the U–Th/He method can be used to date young volcanic minerals with useful precision and accuracy, and may therefore be valuable for dating volcanic rocks that have low K or are otherwise difficult to date accurately with Ar–Ar or radiocarbon. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - GEOLOGICAL time
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - THORIUM isotopes
KW  - garnet
KW  - Quaternary
KW  - U–Th/He dating
KW  - uranium disequilibrium
KW  - Vesuvius
KW  - volcanic rocks
N1  - Accession Number: 11251591; Aciego, Sarah 1,2; Email Address: aciego@eps.berkeley.edu Kennedy, B.M. 1; Email Address: bmkennedy@lbl.gov DePaolo, Donald J. 1,2; Email Address: depaolo@eps.berkeley.edu Christensen, John N. 1; Email Address: jnchristensen@lbl.gov Hutcheon, Ian 3; Email Address: hutcheon1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA  3: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 216 Issue 1/2, p209; Subject Term: VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.; Subject Term: GEOLOGICAL time; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: THORIUM isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: garnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quaternary; Author-Supplied Keyword: U–Th/He dating; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium disequilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vesuvius; Author-Supplied Keyword: volcanic rocks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00478-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmidt, T.J.
AU  - Stamenkovic, V.
AU  - Markovic, N.M.
AU  - Ross Jr., P.N.
T1  - Electrooxidation of H2, CO and H2/CO on well-characterized Au(1 1 1)–Pd surface alloys
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 48
IS  - 25/26
M3  - Article
SP  - 3823
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Electroooxidation of H2, CO and 1000 ppm CO/H2 oxidation was studied on two well-defined Au(1 1 1)–Pd surface alloys prepared and characterized in ultrahigh vacuum. Preparation was done using Pd vapor deposition. Characterization was done using Auger electron spectroscopy and low-energy ion scattering. After deposition, Pd always (partly) diffuses into the Au(1 1 1) crystal and forms stable surface alloys. Two surface alloys with Pd surface concentrations of ca. 38 and 65% were transferred into the electrochemical environment. Three major findings from the electrocatalytic study can be summarized as follows: (i) hydrogen oxidation on Au(1 1 1)–Pd surface alloys is ca. one order of magnitude slower as compared to Pt(1 1 1); (ii) Au(1 1 1)–Pd surface alloys show finite and stable activity for the continuous oxidation of pure CO at potentials below 0.2 V with a positive reaction order with respect to solution phase CO; (iii) the oxidation of 1000 ppm CO in H2 at potentials below 0.2 V is governed by the slow H2 oxidation kinetics and the unfavorable partial pressure dependence. At potentials above 0.2 V, however, the steady-state activity of a high-surface area Au–Pd catalyst can be reached. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC oxidation
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - Au(1 1 1)
KW  - Au(1 1 1)–Pd
KW  - CO tolerance
KW  - Hydrogen oxidation
KW  - Low-energy ion scattering
KW  - Rotating disk electrode
KW  - Surface alloy
N1  - Accession Number: 11040851; Schmidt, T.J.; Email Address: schmidt_tj@web.de Stamenkovic, V. 1 Markovic, N.M. 1; Email Address: nmmarkovic@lbl.gov Ross Jr., P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 2-100, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 48 Issue 25/26, p3823; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC oxidation; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Au(1 1 1); Author-Supplied Keyword: Au(1 1 1)–Pd; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy ion scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating disk electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface alloy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00516-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sasaki, K.
AU  - Mo, Y.
AU  - Wang, J.X.
AU  - Balasubramanian, M.
AU  - Uribe, F.
AU  - McBreen, J.
AU  - Adzic, R.R.
T1  - Pt submonolayers on metal nanoparticles—novel electrocatalysts for H2 oxidation and O2 reduction
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 48
IS  - 25/26
M3  - Article
SP  - 3841
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Novel electrocatalysts based on Pt submonolayer deposits on Ru and Au nanoparticles, and on a Au(1 1 1) surface, have been prepared by two new methods for noble metal monolayer deposition. These were tested for H2 and H2/CO oxidation and O2 reduction kinetics. Our recently reported methods for controlled submonolayer-to-multilayer deposition of Pt involve spontaneous deposition of Pt on Ru and Pt deposition by redox replacement of a Cu upd monolayer on Au. The Pt mass-specific activity for H2 oxidation of the PtRu20 electrocatalyst was found to be three to four times higher than that of commercial catalysts at 25 °C. The CO tolerance appears to be also higher than those of commercial catalysts under conditions of rotating disk experiments. Fuel cell tests at 80 °C have shown practically the same activity of the PtRu20 electrocatalyst for H2 oxidation as that of the catalyst containing a 10× larger Pt loading. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy measurements showed that Pt is coordinated with three to four Ru atoms in this catalyst, with a bond length of 2.68 A˚ between Pt and Ru as in PtRu alloys. A Pt0.75Pd0.25 monolayer on Au/C is a very active electrocatalyst for O2 reduction that equals the activity of a Pt/C catalyst with a 2.5 times larger Pt loading. The activity of a Pt monolayer on Au(1 1 1) is also considerable. A single Tafel slope of −110 mV for the Pt0.75Pd0.25/Au/C catalyst, and a −120 mV for Au(1 1 1), may indicate a smaller adsorption of OH on Pt and Pt0.75Pd0.25 on Au in comparison with bulk or nano Pt. Further work utilizing a Pt monolayer on metal nanoparticles seems to be a promising approach for both reduction of noble metal loading and designing electrocatalysts with improved properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - ELECTROCATALYSIS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - Au nanoparticles
KW  - CO tolerance
KW  - H2 oxidation
KW  - O2 reduction
KW  - Pt monolayer
KW  - Ru nanoparticles
N1  - Accession Number: 11040853; Sasaki, K. 1 Mo, Y. 1 Wang, J.X. 1 Balasubramanian, M. 1 Uribe, F. 2 McBreen, J. 1 Adzic, R.R. 1; Email Address: adzic@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 48 Issue 25/26, p3841; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: ELECTROCATALYSIS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Au nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: H2 oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: O2 reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt monolayer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ru nanoparticles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00518-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perlack, R.D.
AU  - Turhollow, A.F.
T1  - Feedstock cost analysis of corn stover residues for further processing
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1395
SN  - 03605442
AB  - In this paper, we evaluate the costs for collecting, handling, and hauling corn stover to an ethanol conversion facility. We estimate costs for a conventional baling system at varying levels of feedstock demand or conversion facility size. Our results generally indicate that stover can be collected, stored, and hauled for about $43.10–51.60/dry ton using conventional baling equipment for conversion facilities ranging from 500 to 4000 dry tons/day. The cost difference between facility sizes is due to transportation. Transportation, collection and baling, and farmer payments account for over 90% of total delivered costs. These estimates are based on average corn stover resource availability assumptions and are inclusive of all costs including farmer payments. Under conditions of high resource availability costs can be lowered by $6–10/dry ton. Delivered costs increase considerably under low resource availability conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORN stover
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - COST
KW  - FREIGHT & freightage
N1  - Accession Number: 10721000; Perlack, R.D.; Email Address: perlackrd@ornl.gov Turhollow, A.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 28 Issue 14, p1395; Subject Term: CORN stover; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: COST; Subject Term: FREIGHT & freightage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484220 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488519 Other freight transportation arrangement; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488510 Freight Transportation Arrangement; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00123-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moser, Duane P.
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
AU  - Geist, David R.
AU  - Arntzen, Evan V.
AU  - Peacock, Aaron D.
AU  - Li, Shu-Mei W.
AU  - Spadoni, Tina
AU  - McKinley, James P.
T1  - Biogeochemical Processes and Microbial Characteristics across Groundwater-- Surface Water Boundaries of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5127
EP  - 5134
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Biogeochemical processes within riverbed hyporheic zones (HZ) can potentially impact the fate and transport of contaminants. We evaluated a modified freeze core technique for the collection of intact cobble-bed samples from the Columbia River HZ along a stretch of the Hanford Reach in Washington State and investigated microbiological and geochemical parameters of corresponding frozen and unfrozen samples. During three sampling periods (March, May, and November 2000), relatively high numbers of viable aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were recovered from both unfrozen (10[sup6]-10[sup7] cfu/g) and frozen samples (10sup5]-10[sup6] cfu/g). Relatively large populations of sulfate-, nitrate-, and iron-reducing bacteria were present, and significant concentrations of acid-volatile sulfide were measured in some samples, indicating that anoxic regions exist within this zone. Cr(Vl), a priority groundwater pollutant on adjacent U.S. Department of Energy lands, was probably removed from solution in HZ samples by a combination of microbial activity and chemical reduction, presumably via products of anaerobic microbial metabolism. These results suggest that biogeochemical processes in the Columbia River HZ may contribute to the natural attenuation of Cr(Vl). Although freezing modestly diminished recovery of viable bacteria, freeze core techniques proved reliable for the collection of intact hyporheic sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biogeochemical cycles
KW  - Microbiology
KW  - Heterotrophic bacteria
KW  - Columbia River
KW  - Hanford Reach (Wash.)
KW  - Washington (D.C.)
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 11813906; Moser, Duane P. 1; Email Address: duane.moser@pnl.gov; Fredrickson, James K. 1; Geist, David R. 1; Arntzen, Evan V. 1; Peacock, Aaron D. 2; Li, Shu-Mei W. 1; Spadoni, Tina 1; McKinley, James P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; 2: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville Tennessee 37932-2575; Issue Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 22, p5127; Thesaurus Term: Biogeochemical cycles; Thesaurus Term: Microbiology; Subject Term: Heterotrophic bacteria; Subject Term: Columbia River; Subject: Hanford Reach (Wash.); Subject: Washington (D.C.); Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Satapanajaru, Tunlawit
AU  - Shea, Patrick J.
AU  - Comfort, Steve D.
AU  - Roh, Yul
T1  - Green Rust and Iron Oxide Formation Influences Metolachlor Dechlorination during Zerovalent Iron Treatment.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5219
EP  - 5227
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Electron transfer from zerovalent iron (Fe[sup0]) to targeted contaminants is affected by initial Fe[sup0] composition, the oxides formed during corrosion, and surrounding electrolytes. We previously observed enhanced metolachlor destruction by Fe[sup0] when iron or aluminum salts were present in the aqueous matrix and Eh/pH conditions favored formation of green rusts. To understand these enhanced destruction rates, we characterized changes in Fe[sup0] composition during treatment of metolachlor with and without iron and aluminum salts. Raman microspectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the iron source was initially coated with a thin layer of magnetite (Fe[sup0]O[sup0]), maghemite (β- Fe[sub2]O[sub3]), and wüstite (FeO). Time-resolved analysis indicated that akaganeite (β-Fe00H) was the dominant oxide formed during Fe[sup0] treatment of metolachlor. Goethite (α-Fe00H) and some lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) formed when Al[sub2](SO[sub4])[sub3] was present, while goethite and magnetite (Fe[sub3]O[sub4]) were identified in Fe[sup0] treatments containing FeSO[sub4]. Although conditions favoring formation of sulfate green rust (GR(II); Fe[sub6](OH)[sub12]SO[sub4]) facilitated Fe[sup0]-mediated dechlorination of metolachlor, only adsorption was observed when GR(II) was synthesized (without Fe[sup0]) in the presence of metolachlor and Eh/pH changed to favor Fe(III)oxyhydroxide or magnetite formation. In contrast, dechlorination occurred when magnetite or natural goethite was amended with Fe(II) (as FeSO[sub4]) at pH 8 and continued as long as additional Fe(II) was provided. While metolachlor was not dechlorinated by GR(II) itself during a 48-h incubation, the GR(II) provided a source of Fe(II) and produced magnetite (and other oxide surfaces) that coordinated Fe(II), which then facilitated dechlorination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Corrosion & anti-corrosives
KW  - Iron oxides
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Spectrum analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11813919; Satapanajaru, Tunlawit 1; Shea, Patrick J. 2; Email Address: pshea@unl.edu; Comfort, Steve D. 2; Roh, Yul 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand 10900; 2: School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583 -0915; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038; Issue Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 22, p5219; Thesaurus Term: Corrosion & anti-corrosives; Thesaurus Term: Iron oxides; Thesaurus Term: Aluminum; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fellows, Robert J.
AU  - Zheming Wang
AU  - Ainsworth, Calvin C.
T1  - Europium Uptake and Partitioning in Oat (Avena sativa) Roots as Studied by Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Confocal Microscopy Profiling Technique.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5247
EP  - 5353
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The uptake of Eu[sup3+] by elongating oat roots was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime measurement, and a laser excitation time-resolved confocal fluorescence profiling technique. The results of this work indicated that initial uptake of Eu[sup3+] was highest within the undifferentiated cells of the root tip just behind the root cap, a region of maximal cell growth and differentiation and with incomplete formation of the Casparian strip around the central vascular cylinder. Distribution of assimilated Eu[sup3+] within the root's differentiation and elongation zone was nonuniform. Higher concentrations of Eu[sup3+] were observed within the vascular cylinder, specifically in the phloem and developing xylem parenchyma. Elevated levels of the metal were also observed in the root hairs of the mature rootzone. Fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of the assimilated Eu[sup3+] suggested that the Eu[sup3+] exists as inner-sphere mononuclear complexes inside the root. This work also demonstrated the effectiveness of a time-resolved Eu[sup3+] fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal fluorescence profiling techniques for the in vivo, real- time study of metal [Eu[sup3+]] accumulation by a functioning intact plant root This approach can prove valuable for basic and applied studies in plant nutrition and environmental uptake of actinide radionuclides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oats
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Fluorescence spectroscopy
KW  - Growth factors
KW  - Root crops
N1  - Accession Number: 11813922; Fellows, Robert J. 1; Zheming Wang 1; Email Address: Zheming.Wang@pnl.gov; Ainsworth, Calvin C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-96, Richland, Washington 99352; Issue Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 22, p5247; Subject Term: Oats; Subject Term: Microscopy; Subject Term: Fluorescence spectroscopy; Subject Term: Growth factors; Subject Term: Root crops; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311230 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111199 All Other Grain Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fenter, P.
AU  - Cheng, L.
AU  - Park, C.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Sturchio, N. C.
T1  - Structure of the orthoclase (001)- and (010)-water interfaces by high-resolution X-ray reflectivity
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4267
SN  - 00167037
AB  - High-resolution in situ X-ray specular reflectivity was used to measure the structures of orthoclase (001) and (010) cleavage surfaces in contact with deionized water at 25°C. X-ray reflectivity data demonstrate a high degree of structural similarity between these two orthoclase-water interfaces. Both interfacial structures include cleavage along the plane of minimal bond breakage resulting in surfaces terminated by non-bridging oxygens; structured water within 5 A˚ of the orthoclase surface (consisting of adsorbed species at the surface and layered water above the surface), with a featureless water profile beyond 5 A˚; substitution of outermost K+ ions by an oxygen containing species (presumably H3O+); and small structural displacements of the near surface atoms. The interfacial water structure, in comparison with recent results for other mineral-water interfaces, is intermediate between the minimal structure found at calcite-, barite-, and quartz-water interfaces and the more extensive structure found at the muscovite-water interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - MUSCOVITE
N1  - Accession Number: 11319994; Fenter, P. 1; Email Address: fenter@anl.gov Cheng, L. 1 Park, C. 1 Zhang, Z. 1,2 Sturchio, N. C. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL 60208, USA  3: Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 67 Issue 22, p4267; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Subject Term: MUSCOVITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00374-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11319994&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fenter, P.
AU  - Cheng, L.
AU  - Park, C.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Sturchio, N. C.
T1  - Structure of the orthoclase (001)- and (010)-water interfaces by high-resolution X-ray reflectivity
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4267
SN  - 00167037
AB  - High-resolution in situ X-ray specular reflectivity was used to measure the structures of orthoclase (001) and (010) cleavage surfaces in contact with deionized water at 25°C. X-ray reflectivity data demonstrate a high degree of structural similarity between these two orthoclase-water interfaces. Both interfacial structures include cleavage along the plane of minimal bond breakage resulting in surfaces terminated by non-bridging oxygens; structured water within 5 A˚ of the orthoclase surface (consisting of adsorbed species at the surface and layered water above the surface), with a featureless water profile beyond 5 A˚; substitution of outermost K+ ions by an oxygen containing species (presumably H3O+); and small structural displacements of the near surface atoms. The interfacial water structure, in comparison with recent results for other mineral-water interfaces, is intermediate between the minimal structure found at calcite-, barite-, and quartz-water interfaces and the more extensive structure found at the muscovite-water interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water
KW  - Potassium
KW  - Muscovite
N1  - Accession Number: 11319994; Fenter, P. 1; Email Address: fenter@anl.gov; Cheng, L. 1; Park, C. 1; Zhang, Z. 1,2; Sturchio, N. C. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 2: Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL 60208, USA; 3: Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Issue Info: Nov2003, Vol. 67 Issue 22, p4267; Thesaurus Term: Water; Thesaurus Term: Potassium; Subject Term: Muscovite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00374-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11319994&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riebe, Clifford S.
AU  - Kirchner, James W.
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
T1  - Long-term rates of chemical weathering and physical erosion from cosmogenic nuclides and geochemical mass balance
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4411
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Quantifying long-term rates of chemical weathering and physical erosion is important for understanding the long-term evolution of soils, landscapes, and Earth''s climate. Here we describe how long-term chemical weathering rates can be measured for actively eroding landscapes using cosmogenic nuclides together with a geochemical mass balance of weathered soil and parent rock. We tested this approach in the Rio Icacos watershed, Puerto Rico, where independent studies have estimated weathering rates over both short and long timescales. Results from the cosmogenic/mass balance method are consistent with three independent sets of weathering rate estimates, thus confirming that this approach yields realistic measurements of long-term weathering rates. This approach can separately quantify weathering rates from saprolite and from overlying soil as components of the total. At Rio Icacos, nearly 50% of Si weathering occurs as rock is converted to saprolite; in contrast, nearly 100% of Al weathering occurs in the soil. Physical erosion rates are measured as part of our mass balance approach, making it particularly useful for studying interrelationships between chemical weathering and physical erosion. Our data show that chemical weathering rates are tightly coupled with physical erosion rates, such that the relationship between climate and chemical weathering rates may be obscured by site-to-site differences in the rate that minerals are supplied to soil by physical erosion of rock. One can normalize for variations in physical erosion rates using the “chemical depletion fraction,” which measures the fraction of total denudation that is accounted for by chemical weathering. This measure of chemical weathering intensity increases with increasing average temperature and precipitation in data from climatically diverse granitic sites, including tropical Rio Icacos and six temperate sites in the Sierra Nevada, California. Hence, across a wide range of climate regimes, analysis of chemical depletion fractions appears to effectively account for site-to-site differences in physical erosion rates, which would otherwise obscure climatic effects on chemical weathering rates. Our results show that by quantifying rates of physical erosion and chemical weathering together, our mass balance approach can be used to determine the relative importance of climatic and nonclimatic factors in regulating long-term chemical weathering rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL weathering
KW  - EROSION
KW  - LANDSCAPES
KW  - SOILS
N1  - Accession Number: 11320002; Riebe, Clifford S. 1; Email Address: riebe@seismo.berkeley.edu Kirchner, James W. 1 Finkel, Robert C. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Earth Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 67 Issue 22, p4411; Subject Term: CHEMICAL weathering; Subject Term: EROSION; Subject Term: LANDSCAPES; Subject Term: SOILS; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00382-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11320002&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, G. T.
AU  - Bourne, N. K.
AU  - Millett, J. C. F.
T1  - Shock response of tantalum: Lateral stress and shear strength through the front.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 6430
EP  - 6436
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Lateral stresses generated by shock loading in tantalum have been determined using manganin stress gauges. These have been used in combination with the measured longitudinal impact stresses to determine the shear strength behind the shock. Results show that with an increase in impact stress, the shear strength in tantalum also increases. Analysis shows that during shock loading the lateral stress in tantalum increases behind the shock front. Since the longitudinal stress is nominally constant until arrival of the release, this implies that the shear strength is reducing behind the shock front. The shock-wave response of tantalum is discussed in the context of a previous weak-shock wave-profile analysis of tantalum, and in terms of the defect generation and storage response of pure face-centered- versus body-centered-cubic metals. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - METALLURGICAL analysis
KW  - TRANSITION metals
N1  - Accession Number: 11272062; Gray, G. T. 1; Email Address: rusty@lanl.gov Bourne, N. K. 2 Millett, J. C. F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los  Alamos National  Laboratory Los  Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Royal  Military College of Science, Cranfield  University  Shrivenham, Swindon  SN6 8LA, United Kingdom.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 10, p6430; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: TANTALUM; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: METALLURGICAL analysis; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1620679
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11272062&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Ager, J. W.
AU  - Haller, E. E.
AU  - Lu, Hai
AU  - Schaff, William J.
AU  - Metzger, W. K.
AU  - Kurtz, Sarah
T1  - Superior radiation resistance of In[sub 1-x]Ga[sub x]N alloys: Full-solar-spectrum photovoltaic material system.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 6477
EP  - 6482
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - High-efficiency multijunction or tandem solar cells based on group III–V semiconductor alloys are applied in a rapidly expanding range of space and terrestrial programs. Resistance to high-energy radiation damage is an essential feature of such cells as they power most satellites, including those used for communications, defense, and scientific research. Recently we have shown that the energy gap of In[sub 1-x]Ga[sub x]N alloys potentially can be continuously varied from 0.7 to 3.4 eV, providing a full-solar-spectrum material system for multijunction solar cells. We find that the optical and electronic properties of these alloys exhibit a much higher resistance to high-energy (2 MeV) proton irradiation than the standard currently used photovoltaic materials such as GaAs and GaInP, and therefore offer great potential for radiation-hard high-efficiency solar cells for space applications. The observed insensitivity of the semiconductor characteristics to the radiation damage is explained by the location of the band edges relative to the average dangling bond defect energy represented by the Fermi level stabilization energy in In[sub 1-x]Ga[sub x]N alloys. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROALLOYING
KW  - GALLIUM alloys
KW  - INDIUM alloys
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - SOLAR cells
N1  - Accession Number: 11272054; Wu, J. Walukiewicz, W. 1; Email Address: w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov Yu, K. M. 1 Shan, W. 1 Ager, J. W. 1 Haller, E. E. 2 Lu, Hai 3 Schaff, William J. 3 Metzger, W. K. 4 Kurtz, Sarah 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory Berkeley,  California 94720.  2: Division, Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of  California,  Berkeley  California 94720.  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853.  4: National Renewable Energy  Laboratory Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 10, p6477; Subject Term: MICROALLOYING; Subject Term: GALLIUM alloys; Subject Term: INDIUM alloys; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618353
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11272054&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Istratov, A. A.
AU  - Buonassisi, T.
AU  - McDonald, R. J.
AU  - Smith, A. R.
AU  - Schindler, R.
AU  - Rand, J. A.
AU  - Kalejs, J. P.
AU  - Weber, F. R.
T1  - Metal content of multicrystalline silicon for solar cells and its impact on minority carrier diffusion length.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 6552
EP  - 6559
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Instrumental neutron activation analysis was performed to determine the transition metal content in three types of silicon material for cost-efficient solar cells: Astropower silicon-film sheet material, Baysix cast material, and edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) multicrystalline silicon ribbon. The dominant metal impurities were found to be Fe (6×10[sup 14] cm[sup -3] to 1.5×10[sup 16] cm[sup -3], depending on the material), Ni (up to 1.8×10[sup 15] cm[sup -3]), Co (1.7×10[sup 12] cm[sup -3] to 9.7×10[sup 13] cm[sup -3]), Mo (6.4×10[sup 12] cm[sup -3] to 4.6×10[sup 13] cm[sup -3]), and Cr (1.7×10[sup 12] cm[sup -3] to 1.8×10[sup 15] cm[sup -3]). Copper was also detected (less than 2.4×10[sup 14] cm[sup -3]), but its concentration could not be accurately determined because of a very short decay time of the corresponding radioactive isotope. In all samples, the metal contamination level would be sufficient to degrade the minority carrier diffusion length to less than a micron, if all metals were in an interstitial or substitutional state. This is a much lower value than the actual measured diffusion length of these samples. Therefore, most likely, the metals either formed clusters or precipitates with relatively low recombination activity or are very inhomogeneously distributed within the samples. No significant difference was observed between the metal content of the high and low lifetime areas of each material. X-ray microprobe fluorescence spectrometry mapping of Astropower mc-Si samples confirmed that transition metals formed agglomerates both at grain boundaries and within the grains. It is concluded that the impact of metals on solar cell efficiency is determined not only by the total metal concentration, but also by the distribution of metals within the grains and the chemical composition of the clusters formed by the metals. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11272042; Istratov, A. A. 1 Buonassisi, T. 1 McDonald, R. J. 2 Smith, A. R. 2 Schindler, R. 3 Rand, J. A. 4 Kalejs, J. P. 5 Weber, F. R. 6; Affiliation:  1: University of  California and Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory MS  62R0203, 1 Cyclotron Road,  Berkeley  California 94720.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory MS  72R0150, 1 Cyclotron  Road,  Berkeley  California 94720.  3: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems,  Heidenhofstrasse 2,  D-79110 Freiburg, Germany.  4: Astropower Solar Park, Newark, Delaware 19716-2000.  5: RWE Schott  Solar Incorporated, 4 Suburban Park Drive,  Bilierica, Massachusetts 01821-3980.  6: University of  California, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 374 Hearst Mining Building,  Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 10, p6552; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618912
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11272042&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, X.
AU  - Debroy, T.
AU  - Fuerschbach, P. W.
T1  - Probing temperature during laser spot welding from vapor composition and modeling.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 6949
EP  - 6958
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Measurement of weld pool temperature during laser spot welding is a difficult task because of the short pulse duration, often lasting only a few milliseconds, highly transient nature of the process, and the presence of a metal vapor plume near the weld pool. This article describes recent research to estimate weld pool temperatures experimentally and theoretically. Composition of the metal vapor from the weld pool was determined by condensing a portion of the vapor on the inner surface of an open ended quartz tube which was mounted perpendicular to the sample surface and coaxial with the laser beam. It was found that iron, chromium, and manganese were the main metallic species in the vapor phase. The concentrations of Fe and Cr in the vapor increased slightly while the concentration of Mn in the vapor decreased somewhat with the increase in power density. The vapor composition was used to determine an effective temperature of the weld pool. A transient, three-dimensional numerical heat transfer and fluid flow model based on the solution of the equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy was used to calculate the temperature and velocity fields in the weld pool as a function of time. The experimentally determined geometry of the spot welds agreed well with that determined from the computed temperature field. The effective temperature determined from the vapor composition was found to be close to the numerically computed peak temperature at the weld pool surface. Because of the short process duration and other serious problems in the direct measurement of temperature during laser spot welding, estimating approximate values of peak temperature from metal vapor composition is particularly valuable. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WELDING
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - METAL vapors
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
N1  - Accession Number: 11271980; He, X. 1 Debroy, T. 1; Email Address: debroy@psu.edu Fuerschbach, P. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania  16802-5005.  2: Joining and Coating Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 10, p6949; Subject Term: WELDING; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: METAL vapors; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622118
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11271980&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pravia, Marco A.
AU  - Boulant, Nicolas
AU  - Emerson, Joseph
AU  - Farid, Amro
AU  - Fortunato, Evan M.
AU  - Havel, Timothy F.
AU  - Martinez, R.
AU  - Cory, David G.
T1  - Robust control of quantum information.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 9993
EP  - 10001
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Errors in the control of quantum systems may be classified as unitary, decoherent, and incoherent. Unitary errors are systematic, and result in a density matrix that differs from the desired one by a unitary operation. Decoherent errors correspond to general completely positive superoperators, and can only be corrected using methods such as quantum error correction. Incoherent errors can also be described, on average, by completely positive superoperators, but can nevertheless be corrected by the application of a locally unitary operation that “refocuses” them. They are due to reproducible spatial or temporal variations in the system’s Hamiltonian, so that information on the variations is encoded in the system’s spatiotemporal state and can be used to correct them. In this paper liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance is used to demonstrate that such refocusing effects can be built directly into the control fields, where the incoherence arises from spatial inhomogeneities in the quantizing static magnetic field as well as the radio-frequency control fields themselves. Using perturbation theory, it is further shown that the eigenvalue spectrum of the completely positive superoperator exhibits a characteristic spread that contains information on the Hamiltonians’ underlying distribution. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - ERRORS
KW  - DENSITY matrices
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11243651; Pravia, Marco A. 1,2 Boulant, Nicolas 1 Emerson, Joseph 1 Farid, Amro 3 Fortunato, Evan M. 1 Havel, Timothy F. 1 Martinez, R. 4 Cory, David G. 1; Email Address: dcory@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of  Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.  2: Department of Computer Science, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras,  Puerto Rico 00931.  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of  Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.  4: Los  Alamos National  Laboratory, Los  Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 19, p9993; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: ERRORS; Subject Term: DENSITY matrices; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619132
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11243651&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maisuradze, Gia G.
AU  - Thompson, Donald L.
AU  - Wagner, Albert F.
AU  - Minkoff, Michael
T1  - Interpolating moving least-squares methods for fitting potential energy surfaces: Detailed analysis of one-dimensional applications.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10002
EP  - 10014
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present the basic formal and numerical aspects of higher degree interpolated moving least-squares (IMLS) methods. For simplicity, applications of these methods are restricted to two one-dimensional (1D) test cases: a Morse oscillator and a 1D slice of the HN[sub 2]→H+N[sub 2] potential energy surface. For these two test cases, we systematically examine the effect of parameters in the weight function (intrinsic to IMLS methods), the degree of the IMLS fit, and the number and placement of potential energy points. From this systematic study, we discover compact and accurate representations of potentials and their derivatives for first-degree and higher-degree (up to nine degree) IMLS fits. We show how the number of ab initio points needed to achieve a given accuracy declines with the degree of the IMLS. We outline automatic procedures for ab initio point selection that can optimize this decline. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - INTERPOLATION spaces
N1  - Accession Number: 11243650; Maisuradze, Gia G. 1; Email Address: rnaisura@okstate.edu Thompson, Donald L. 1 Wagner, Albert F. 2 Minkoff, Michael 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of  Chemisto; Oklahoma State University Stillwater; Oklahoma 74078.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National  Laboratory, Argonne,  Illinois 60439.  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National  Laboratory, Argonne,  Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 19, p10002; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION spaces; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1617271
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11243650&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wester, Roland
AU  - Bragg, Arthur F.
AU  - Davis, Alison V.
AU  - Neumark, Daniel M.
T1  - Time-resolved study of the symmetric S[sub N]2-reaction I[sup -]+CH[sub 3]I.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10032
EP  - 10039
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of negative ions has been applied to study the title reaction as a model system for gas phase S[sub N]2 reactions. Starting from the precursor cluster I[sub 2][sup -]·CH[sub 3]I, the interaction of the reactants I[sup -] and CH[sub 3]I is initiated by a pump pulse and the subsequent dynamics are observed with a delayed probe pulse used to detach the excess electron and measure their photoelectron spectra. Using two different pump photon energies, which lead to different amounts of internal energy available to the reaction complex, a number of dynamical features have been observed. For small internal excitation, the reactants only form stable, albeit vibrationally excited, I[sup -]·CH[sub 3]I complexes. However, with increased internal excitation, complexes are formed that exhibit biexponential decay back to I[sup -] and CH[sub 3]I reactants with time scales of 0.8 and 10 ps. Similar dynamics are expected for entrance channel complex formed in the first step of a gas phase S[sub N]2 reaction. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - EXCESS electrons
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
N1  - Accession Number: 11243648; Wester, Roland 1,2 Bragg, Arthur F. 1,2 Davis, Alison V. 1,2 Neumark, Daniel M. 1,2; Email Address: dan@radon.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of  Chemistry, University of  California-Berkeley,  Berkeley  California 94720.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory,  Berkeley  California 94720.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 19, p10032; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: EXCESS electrons; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618220
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11243648&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Patrice
AU  - Aquirre, F.
AU  - Grant, F. R.
AU  - Pratt, S. T.
T1  - Mode-dependent vibrational autoionization of NO[sub 2].
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10146
EP  - 10157
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Triple-resonance excitation and high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy were combined to study the mode dependence of vibrational autoionization in Rydberg states of NO[sub 2]. Photoselection isolates vibrational autoionization via the symmetric stretching vibration, ν[sub 1], and the bending vibration, ν[sub 2]. The previously characterized Fermi resonance between one quantum of ν[sub 1] and two quanta of ν[sub 2] [H. Matsui et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. 175, 203 (1996)] allows the comparison of the vibrational autoionization matrix elements for these two modes. The squared matrix element for vibrational autoionization via the symmetric stretch is found to be approximately 35 times greater than that for the bend, which is also consistent with previous results. The results are discussed in terms of existing theoretical models for the autoionization process. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 11243635; Bell, Patrice 1,2 Aquirre, F. 1 Grant, F. R. 2 Pratt, S. T. 1; Email Address: stpratt@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National  Laboratory, Argonne,  Illinois 60439.  2: Department of  Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 19, p10146; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618218
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11243635&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srivastava, Abneesh
AU  - Osgood Jr., Richard M.
T1  - State-resolved dynamics of 248 nm methyl-iodide fragmentation on GaAs(110).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10298
EP  - 10306
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The 248 nm initiated dissociation dynamics of methyl iodide physisorbed on GaAs (110) is investigated using 2+1 REMPI detection of the CH[sub 3] umbrella mode. The velocity and vibrational distributions of the photofragment are dependent on the adsorbate coverage and surface termination. Two translational energy distributions are measured for the CH[sub 3] fragment at high coverage, i.e., 25 ML, with maxima at 1 and 1.9 eV. These maxima are within 0.5–0.7 eV of those obtained in direct dissociation of gas-phase CH[sub 3]I. At 1 ML one distribution is measured with its maxima at 0.3 eV. A modification of the surface with chemisorbed iodine reduces the yield of the CH[sub 3] at 1 ML but not at 25 ML. The dissociation dynamics observed at 1 ML is attributed to bond scission following electron attachment while that at 25 ML to direct photodissociation. At 3 ML coverage both the 1 and 25 ML components are observed. The measured fragment vibrational distribution at 1 ML has a 4 times lower v[sup ″]=1/v[sup ″]=0 ratio compared with that at 25 ML. Differences in the translational and vibrational distributions for the two dissociation mechanisms are attributed to the available energy and molecular geometry of photoexcited CH[sub 3]I. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IODIDES
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - FRAGMENTATION reactions
KW  - DYNAMICS of a particle
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11243619; Srivastava, Abneesh 1 Osgood Jr., Richard M. 1,2; Email Address: osgood@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Columbia Radiation  Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 19, p10298; Subject Term: IODIDES; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FRAGMENTATION reactions; Subject Term: DYNAMICS of a particle; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619944
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11243619&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraack, H.
AU  - Ocko, B. M.
AU  - Pershan, P. S.
AU  - Sloutskin, F.
AU  - Deutsch, M.
T1  - Langmuir films of normal-alkanes on the surface of liquid mercury.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10339
EP  - 10349
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The coverage dependent phase behavior of molecular films of n-alkanes (CH[sub 3]CH[sub n-2]CH[sub 3], denote Cn) on mercury was studied for lengths 10≤n≤50, using surface tensiometry and surface x-ray diffraction methods. In contrast with Langmuir films on water, where roughly surface-normal molecular orientation is invariably found, alkanes on mercury are always oriented surface-parallel, and show no long-range in-plane order at any surface pressure. At a low coverage a two-dimensional gas phase is found, followed, upon increasing the coverage, by a single condensed layer (n≤18), a sequence of single and double layers (19≤n≤20; n>=26), or a sequence of single, double, and triple layers (22≤n≤24). The thermodynamical and structural properties of these layers, as determined from the measurements, are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11243613; Kraack, H. 1 Ocko, B. M. 2 Pershan, P. S. 3 Sloutskin, F. 1 Deutsch, M. 1; Email Address: deutsch@mail.biu.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics,  Bar-Ilan  University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National  Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  3: Department of Physics, Harvard  University Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 19, p10339; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1618211
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11243613&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ashbaugh, Henry S.
AU  - Truskett, Thomas M.
AU  - Debenedetti, Pablo G.
T1  - Response to “Comment on ‘A simple molecular thermodynamic theory of hydrophobic hydration’ ” [J. Chem. Phys. 119, 10448 (2003)].
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10450
EP  - 10451
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - In this response, we present a generalized condition for the observation of entropy convergence behavior for hydrophobic hydration. Applied within the context of our previously developed partition function for aqueous mixtures with nonpolar solutes, it is shown that entropy convergence is observed at a unique temperature when the thermal expansion coefficient of liquid water satisfies specific criterion. Hydrogen-bonding is essential and van der Waals-type fluids never display this phenomenon. Comparing these results to the discussion of Graziano who contends transient hydrogen-bond fluctuations in water dominate entropy convergence, we find that both van der Waals and hydrogen-bonding contributions are significant within the context of our model. In addition, it is pointed out that molecular-level conclusions drawn from a mean-field model should be made with caution. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 11243598; Ashbaugh, Henry S. 1 Truskett, Thomas M. 2 Debenedetti, Pablo G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los  Alamos National  Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los  Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute for Theoretical  Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712.  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544; Source Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 19, p10450; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619938
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11243598&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torriani, Francesca J.
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Gilbert, Tari L.
AU  - Schrenk, Uschi M.
AU  - Clauson, Marietta
AU  - Pacheco, DeeDee M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dynamics during HCV treatment in HCV/HIV coinfection.
JO  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 188
IS  - 10
M3  - journal article
SP  - 1498
EP  - 1507
SN  - 00221899
AB  - We studied hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dynamics in 10 coinfected subjects in a trial of pegylated interferon-alpha2a (PEG-IFN) alone or combined with ribavirin (RBV), compared with IFN plus RBV for the treatment of HCV. Five subjects, 4 of whom were treated with PEG-IFN, achieved a sustained virological response, although it was delayed by >/=1 week in 3 subjects. The median treatment efficacy in blocking virion production was 99.7% in the PEG-IFN group and 60% with standard IFN. In 2 patients with detectable HIV loads before starting HCV study drugs, we observed a 1-log decrease in HIV RNA load. The estimated HCV virion half-life was longer in the HIV-coinfected subjects, which suggests that coinfection may contribute to a slower clearance of HCV. Although the early viral kinetics of coinfected subjects treated with PEG-IFN or IFN differ from those of singly infected subjects, the treatment response seems unaffected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Infectious Diseases is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Virus diseases -- Treatment
KW  - Communicable diseases -- Treatment
KW  - Therapeutics
N1  - Accession Number: 11686578; Torriani, Francesca J. 1; Email Address: ftorriani@ucsd.edu; Ribeiro, Ruy M. 2; Gilbert, Tari L. 1; Schrenk, Uschi M. 3; Clauson, Marietta 4; Pacheco, DeeDee M. 1; Perelson, Alan S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; 3: Hoffman-La Roche Pharmaceuticals, Switzerland; 4: Department of Pathology, University of California; Issue Info: 11/15/2003, Vol. 188 Issue 10, p1498; Subject Term: Virus diseases -- Treatment; Subject Term: Communicable diseases -- Treatment; Subject Term: Therapeutics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: journal article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
AU  - Pecharsky, V.K.
T1  - The giant magnetocaloric effect between 190 and 300 K in the Gd5SixGe4−x alloys for 1.4&les;x&les;2.2
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 267
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
SN  - 03048853
AB  - A detailed investigation of the phase relationships and physical properties (isothermal magnetization, heat capacity and magnetocaloric effect) of heat treated Gd5SixGe4−x alloys indicate that the monoclinic Gd5Si2Ge2-type phase is stable at 1570 K over the composition range of 1.5&les;x&les;2.1. All of the alloys exhibit a first order magnetic–crystallographic phase transformation on cooling and/or application of a magnetic field in the paramagnetic state, which is accompanied by the giant magnetocaloric effect. The maximum values of the isothermal magnetic entropy change decrease systematically but non-linearly with the increasing Si concentration (<f>x</f>), and the giant magnetocaloric effect is observed between 190 (<f>x=1.5</f>) and 300 K (<f>x=2.1</f>). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - HEAT
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - Gadolinium–germanium–silicide
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Magnetic and crystallographic phase transition
KW  - Magnetic ordering temperature
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Magnetocaloric effect
N1  - Accession Number: 11151754; Pecharsky, A.O. 1 Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 1,2; Email Address: cagey@ameslab.gov Pecharsky, V.K. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory of the US DOE, Metal and Ceramics Sciences Program, Iowa State University, 255 Spedding, Ames, IA 50011-3020,USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 267 Issue 1, p60; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gadolinium–germanium–silicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic and crystallographic phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic ordering temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetocaloric effect; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00305-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sencer, Bulent H.
AU  - Was, Gary S.
AU  - Sagisaka, Mitsuyuki
AU  - Isobe, Yoshihiro
AU  - Bond, Gillian M.
AU  - Garner, Frank A.
T1  - Proton irradiation emulation of PWR neutron damage microstructures in solution annealed 304 and cold-worked 316 stainless steels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 323
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Solution annealed (SA) 304 and cold-worked (CW) 316 austenitic stainless steels were pre-implanted with helium and were irradiated with protons in order to study the potential effects of helium, irradiation dose, and irradiation temperature on microstructural evolution, especially void swelling, with relevance to the behavior of austenitic core internals in pressurized water reactors (PWRs). These steels were irradiated with 1 MeV protons to doses between 1 and 10 dpa at 300 °C both with or without 15 appm helium pre-implanted at ∼100 °C. They were also irradiated at 340 °C, but only after 15 appm helium pre-implantation. Small heterogeneously distributed voids were observed in both alloys irradiated at 300 °C, but only after helium pre-implantation. The pre-implanted steels irradiated at 340 °C exhibited homogenous void formation, suggesting effects of both helium and irradiation temperature on void nucleation. Voids developed sooner in the SA304 alloy than CW316 alloy at 300 and 340 °C, consistent with the behavior observed at higher temperatures (>370 °C) for similar steels irradiated in the EBR-II fast reactor. The development of the Frank loop microstructure was similar in both alloys, and was only marginally affected by pre-implanted helium. Loop densities were insensitive to dose and irradiation temperature, and were decreased by helium; loop sizes increased with dose up to about 5.5 dpa and were not affected by the pre-implanted helium. Comparison with microstructures produced by neutron irradiation suggests that this method of helium pre-implantation and proton irradiation emulates neutron irradiation under PWR conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 11252073; Sencer, Bulent H. 1; Email Address: sencer@lanl.gov Was, Gary S. 2; Email Address: gsw@umich.edu Sagisaka, Mitsuyuki 3; Email Address: sagisaka@nfi.co.jp Isobe, Yoshihiro 3 Bond, Gillian M. 4; Email Address: gbond@nmt.edu Garner, Frank A. 5; Email Address: frank.garner@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, The University of Michigan, 2355 Bonisteel, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Michigan, 2355 Bonisteel, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  3: Nuclear Fuel Industries, Ltd., Noda 950, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0491, Japan  4: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA  5: Department of Materials Resources, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Battelle Boulevard, P8-15 Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 323 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.07.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curran, Gini
AU  - Sevestre, Y.
AU  - Rattray, Wendy
AU  - Allen, Patrick
AU  - Czerwinski, K.R.
T1  - Characterization of zirconia–thoria–urania ceramics by X-ray and electron interactions
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 323
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 00223115
AB  - X-ray and electron interactions with matter were used as probes to characterize the structure and chemistry of zirconia–thoria–urania ceramics. The ceramics were prepared by coprecipitation of Zr, Th and U salts. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques such as energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) complement X-ray diffraction, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES), techniques to reveal the phase structure and chemistry. The results from XRD and EDX show that these ceramics separate into a Zr-based phase and an actinide-based phase with low mutual affinity of Th and Zr, as well as partial solubility of U in Zr. The comparison of EELS spectra collected for the ceramics with spectra collected for UO2 and U3O8 reference materials also allow us to assess U oxidation state independently in the two separate phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11252076; Curran, Gini 1 Sevestre, Y. 1,2 Rattray, Wendy 1 Allen, Patrick 3 Czerwinski, K.R. 1; Email Address: kczer@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Actinide Research Group, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, NW13-219, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France  3: Glenn Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, L-231, Livermore, CA 94511 USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 323 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.07.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janney, Dawn E.
T1  - Host phases for actinides in simulated metallic waste forms
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 323
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Argonne National Laboratory has developed an electrometallurgical process for conditioning spent sodium-bonded metallic reactor fuel prior to disposal. A waste stream from this process consists primarily of stainless steel cladding hulls containing undissolved metal fission products and a low concentration of actinide elements. This waste will be immobilized in a metallic waste form whose baseline composition is stainless steel alloyed with 15 wt% Zr (SS–15Zr). This paper presents transmission electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron diffraction observations of SS–15Zr alloys containing 2–11 wt% U, Np, or Pu. The major U- and Pu-bearing materials are Cr–Fe–Ni–Zr intermetallics with structures similar to that of the C15 polymorph of Fe2Zr, significant variability in chemical compositions, and 0–20 at.% actinides. A U-bearing material similar to the C36 polymorph of Fe2Zr had more restricted chemical variability and 0–5 at.% U. Uranium concentrations between 0 and 5 at.% were observed in materials with the Fe23Zr6 structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11252081; Janney, Dawn E. 1; Email Address: dawn.janney@anlw.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory – West, P.O. Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403-2528, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 323 Issue 1, p81; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.032
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Georgievskii
AU  - Y.
AU  - Klippenstein
AU  - S. J.
T1  - Transition State Theory for Multichannel Addition Reactions:  Multifaceted Dividing Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 9776
SN  - 10895639
AB  - A variational multifaceted dividing surface generalization of the variable reaction coordinate (VRC) approach is described. This approach involves the incorporation and optimization of multiple pivot points for each fragment. Illustrative applications to a variety of barrierless reactions with multiple addition channels are presented. For the addition of H atoms to propargyl radical a high level ab initio potential is employed and comparisons are made with trajectory simulations and with prior implementations of VRC-TST. The multifaceted VRC-TST results agree with the trajectory results to within 5-10% as do prior approximate multifaceted VRC-TST results, obtained via the neglect of the flux through certain connecting surfaces. In contrast, results based on the sums of properly variational single faced results differ significantly, being ~15-20% greater. Notably, the optimal multifaceted transition state dividing surfaces are again in qualitative accord with contours of the radical molecular orbital. Applications to the CH3 + CH3 and C2H3 + O2 reactions further illustrate the dependence of the results on the use of multiple pivot points, while also illustrating the implementation of directly determined density functional interaction energies. Interestingly, these a priori results are in reasonable agreement with experiment for both these reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11447393; Georgievskii Y. 1 Klippenstein S. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 46, p9776; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirata
AU  - S.
T1  - Tensor Contraction Engine:  Abstraction and Automated Parallel Implementation of Configuration-Interaction, Coupled-Cluster, and Many-Body Perturbation Theories.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 9887
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We have developed a symbolic manipulation program and program generator (tensor contraction engine or TCE) that abstracts and automates the time-consuming, error-prone processes of deriving the working equations of a well-defined model of second-quantized many-electron theories and synthesizing efficient parallel computer programs on the basis of these equations. Provided an ansatz of a many-electron theory model, TCE performs valid contractions of creation and annihilation operators according to Wick's theorem, consolidates identical terms, and reduces the expressions into the form of multiple tensor contractions acted upon by permutation operators. It subsequently determines the binary contraction order for each multiple tensor contraction with the minimal operation and memory cost, factorizes common binary contractions (defines intermediate tensors), and identifies reusable intermediates. The resulting ordered list of binary tensor contractions, additions, and index permutations is translated into an optimized program that is combined with the NWCHEM and UTCHEM computational chemistry software packages. The programs synthesized by TCE take advantage of spin symmetry (within the spin-orbital formalisms), real Abelian point-group symmetry, and index permutation symmetry at every stage of the calculations to minimize the number of arithmetic operations and storage requirement, adjust the peak local memory usage by index-range tiling, and support parallel I/O interfaces and dynamic load balancing for parallel executions. We demonstrate the utility of TCE through automatic derivation and implementation of parallel programs for a range of predictive computational methods—configuration-interaction theory (CISD, CISDT, CISDTQ), generalized many-body perturbation theory [MBPT(2), MBPT(3), MBPT(4)], and coupled-cluster theory (LCCD, CCD, LCCSD, CCSD, QCISD, CCSDT, and CCSDTQ), some for the first time—and discuss the performance of the implemented programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANIPULATORS (Machinery)
KW  - CHEMICAL equations
KW  - ABELIAN groups
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11447404; Hirata S. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O.Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 46, p9887; Subject Term: MANIPULATORS (Machinery); Subject Term: CHEMICAL equations; Subject Term: ABELIAN groups; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirata
AU  - S.
T1  - Tensor Contraction Engine:  Abstraction and Automated Parallel Implementation of Configuration-Interaction, Coupled-Cluster, and Many-Body Perturbation Theories.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 9887
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We have developed a symbolic manipulation program and program generator (tensor contraction engine or TCE) that abstracts and automates the time-consuming, error-prone processes of deriving the working equations of a well-defined model of second-quantized many-electron theories and synthesizing efficient parallel computer programs on the basis of these equations. Provided an ansatz of a many-electron theory model, TCE performs valid contractions of creation and annihilation operators according to Wick's theorem, consolidates identical terms, and reduces the expressions into the form of multiple tensor contractions acted upon by permutation operators. It subsequently determines the binary contraction order for each multiple tensor contraction with the minimal operation and memory cost, factorizes common binary contractions (defines intermediate tensors), and identifies reusable intermediates. The resulting ordered list of binary tensor contractions, additions, and index permutations is translated into an optimized program that is combined with the NWCHEM and UTCHEM computational chemistry software packages. The programs synthesized by TCE take advantage of spin symmetry (within the spin-orbital formalisms), real Abelian point-group symmetry, and index permutation symmetry at every stage of the calculations to minimize the number of arithmetic operations and storage requirement, adjust the peak local memory usage by index-range tiling, and support parallel I/O interfaces and dynamic load balancing for parallel executions. We demonstrate the utility of TCE through automatic derivation and implementation of parallel programs for a range of predictive computational methods—configuration-interaction theory (CISD, CISDT, CISDTQ), generalized many-body perturbation theory [MBPT(2), MBPT(3), MBPT(4)], and coupled-cluster theory (LCCD, CCD, LCCSD, CCSD, QCISD, CCSDT, and CCSDTQ), some for the first time—and discuss the performance of the implemented programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
KW  - GENERATORS (Computer programs)
N1  - Accession Number: 11447437; Hirata S. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O.Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 46, p9887; Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Subject Term: GENERATORS (Computer programs); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gnanakaran
AU  - S.
AU  - Garcia
AU  - A. E.
T1  - Validation of an All-Atom Protein Force Field:  From Dipeptides to Larger Peptides.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 12555
SN  - 15206106
AB  - New experimental techniques are capable of determining the relative population of conformations adopted by short alanine peptides in water. Most of the existing all-atom force fields used to model proteins fail to reproduce the relative population of the most relevant conformations of peptides. The calculated relative population of conformations varies significantly depending on the force field chosen, thus urging the need to check the validity and consistency of force fields over a range of peptide lengths. Here, we show how the applicability of a modified version of AMBER force field (A94/MOD) can extend from short to large peptides. It is also capable of reproducing the expected shift in conformational preference with increasing peptide length and temperature. Importantly, the consistency of the force field is judged by direct comparison to experiments rather than to the relative energies of conformations obtained from ab initio calculations. Importantly, this study illustrates that many aspects of protein force fields are already well refined and may only require minor refinements to accurately reproduce experimental observations over a range of systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ALANINE
KW  - CONFORMATIONAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11447455; Gnanakaran S. 1 Garcia A. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, T10, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 46, p12555; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ALANINE; Subject Term: CONFORMATIONAL analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marjanska
AU  - M.
AU  - Goodson
AU  - B. M.
AU  - Castiglione
AU  - F.
AU  - Pines
AU  - A.
T1  - Inclusion Complexes Oriented in Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline Solvents Studied with Carbon-13 NMR.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 12558
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The inclusion complex of cryptophane-A and chloroform dissolved in two nonchiral liquid-crystalline environments was investigated via 13C NMR. Stable solutions of oriented complexes were prepared using aromatic (ZLI 1132) and aliphatic (ZLI 1695) thermotropic nematic liquid crystals as solvents; ordering of the complexes was manifested by the 1H-13C dipolar splitting of the 13C resonance of labeled chloroform. In both solutions, the dipolar splitting for the bound ligands was substantially larger than that obtained for the free ligands, indicating a significant increase in ligand ordering upon complexation despite the absence of direct contact with the oriented solvent molecules. A similar enhancement in ordering was observed for complexed ligands compared to that for free ligands in both liquid-crystalline solvents. Also, the application of heteronuclear decoupling to the ZLI 1695 solution resulted in a reduced line width for the bound 13C chloroform resonance, suggesting that a significant component of the observed line broadening may originate from intermolecular couplings between host and guest molecules. These results demonstrate the potential for using restored dipolar couplings to investigate structural and dynamical aspects of inclusion complexes in solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROFORM
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 11447456; Marjanska M. 1 Goodson B. M. 1 Castiglione F. 1 Pines A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 46, p12558; Subject Term: CHLOROFORM; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matsuo
AU  - S.
AU  - Nachimuthu
AU  - P.
AU  - Lindle
AU  - D. W.
AU  - Wakita
AU  - H.
AU  - Perera
AU  - R. C. C.
T1  - Electronic Structures of Crystalline and Aqueous Solutions of LiBr, NaBr, KBr, and KBrO3:  In Situ Br L-Edge Near-edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 12562
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The electronic structures of crystalline and aqueous solutions of LiBr, NaBr, KBr, and KBrO3 were studied using in-situ Br L-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) under ambient conditions. The direct observation of the ligand-field potential (10Dq) allows the determination of their dependence on the interatomic distances between Br and the first near neighbor in crystalline LiBr, NaBr, KBr, and KBrO3 and the effect of hydration in the corresponding aqueous solutions. DV-Xα molecular-orbital calculations show that for both crystalline and aqueous solutions of KBr, the transitions occur from Br 2p to the unoccupied states containing mainly 4d orbitals of Br. The 5s and 5p orbitals of Br and 3d orbitals of K also contribute to the unoccupied states in addition to the 4d orbitals of neighbor Br due to the orbital mixing in crystalline KBr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 11447457; Matsuo S. 1 Nachimuthu P. 1 Lindle D. W. 1 Wakita H. 1 Perera R. C. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, and Advanced Materials Institute and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 46, p12562; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kleiner, I.
AU  - Tarrago, G.
AU  - Cottaz, C.
AU  - Sagui, L.
AU  - Brown, L.R.
AU  - Poynter, R.L.
AU  - Pickett, H.M.
AU  - Chen, P.
AU  - Pearson, J.C.
AU  - Sams, R.L.
AU  - Blake, G.A.
AU  - Matsuura, S.
AU  - Nemtchinov, V.
AU  - Varanasi, P.
AU  - Fusina, L.
AU  - Di Lonardo, G.
T1  - <f>NH3</f> and <f>PH3</f> line parameters: the 2000 HITRAN update and new results
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 82
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
SN  - 00224073
AB  - This paper describes the improvements incorporated into the 2000 version of the HITRAN database for ammonia <f>(NH3)</f>, as well as newer results for phosphine <f>(PH3)</f> not included in HITRAN 2000. For ammonia, the HITRAN 2000 database contains some <f>29 084</f> ammonia lines, more than double the number of lines in HITRAN 1996. Specifically, the 2000 update involved replacing pure-rotational and infrared transitions from 0 to <f>3700 cm−1</f> with new calculations for the <f>14NH3</f> isotopomer, whereas in the 4000 to <f>5300 cm−1</f> region, parameters from the 1996 database were retained. The rotational quantum number range for line positions, intensities and line broadening parameters updated in this new HITRAN version goes up to <f>J=22</f>, 15, 13 and 10 in the 8–<f>1000 μm</f>, <f>5 μm</f>, <f>4 μm</f> and 2.8–<f>3.3 μm</f> spectral regions respectively. For phosphine, a new database from 770 to <f>2156 cm−1</f> available for future updates is described and contrasted with parameters in HITRAN 2000. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMMONIA
KW  - PHOSPHINE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Ammonia
KW  - Database
KW  - Molecular parameters
KW  - Phosphine
N1  - Accession Number: 10354751; Kleiner, I. 1; Email Address: Isabelle.Kleiner@ppm.u-psud.fr Tarrago, G. 1 Cottaz, C. 1 Sagui, L. 1 Brown, L.R. 2 Poynter, R.L. 2 Pickett, H.M. 2 Chen, P. 2 Pearson, J.C. 2 Sams, R.L. 3 Blake, G.A. 4 Matsuura, S. 5 Nemtchinov, V. 6 Varanasi, P. 6 Fusina, L. 7 Di Lonardo, G. 7; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire, Université Paris Sud et CNRS, Bâtiment 350, 91405 Orsay Cédex, France  2: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, Mail stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: California Institute of Technology, CALTECH 150 21, Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  5: Institute of Space and Astronautical Sciences (ISAS), Infrared Astrophysics, 3-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510, Japan  6: SUNY Stony Brook, Institute of Terrestrial and Planetary Atmospheres, Stony Brook, NY, USA  7: Dipartmento di Chimica Fisica & Inorganica, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 82 Issue 1-4, p293; Subject Term: AMMONIA; Subject Term: PHOSPHINE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ammonia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Database; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00159-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malathy Devi, V.
AU  - Benner, D. Chris
AU  - Smith, M.A.H.
AU  - Rinsland, C.P.
AU  - Sharpe, Steven W.
AU  - Sams, Robert. L.
T1  - A multispectrum analysis of the <f>ν1</f> band of <f>H12C14N</f>: Part I. Intensities, self-broadening and self-shift coefficients
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 82
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
SN  - 00224073
AB  - The infrared spectrum of HCN in the region between 3150 and <f>3450 cm−1</f> has been recorded at 0.005 and <f>0.008 cm−1</f> resolution using two different Fourier transform spectrometers, the McMath–Pierce Fourier transform spectrometer located at the National Solar Observatory (on Kitt Peak) and the Bruker-120HR Fourier transform spectrometer situated at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory at Richland, Washington. Room temperature measurements were made of positions, absolute intensities, self-broadening and self-shift coefficients for individual lines belonging to the HCN <f>ν1</f> band centered near <f>3311 cm−1</f>. These are to our knowledge the first extensive set of self-broadening and self shift measurements in the band. In addition, intensities, self-broadening and self-shift coefficients for several lines of the <f>ν1+ν21−ν21</f> hot band and several intensities for lines in the <f>H13C14N</f> and <f>H12C15N</f> isotopomers were also determined. A multispectrum nonlinear least-squares fitting algorithm was used to fit the entire spectral region covering the 3200–<f>3400 cm−1</f> region of up to 27 spectra simultaneously. The measured line intensities in the <f>ν1</f> band were further analyzed to derive the vibrational band intensity and the Herman–Wallis coefficients. Differences in line intensities between 5 and 10% are found with respect to present measurements and the values given in the HITRAN database for <f>m</f> values beyond 25 in the P branch and 5 in the R branch. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - Absolute intensity
KW  - Broadening and shifts
KW  - Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy
KW  - HCN
KW  - HCN <f>ν1</f> band
KW  - Infrared spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 10354753; Malathy Devi, V. 1 Benner, D. Chris 1; Email Address: dcbenn@wm.edu Smith, M.A.H. 2 Rinsland, C.P. 2 Sharpe, Steven W. 3 Sams, Robert. L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The College of William and Mary, Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA  2: NASA Langley Research Center, Mail Stop 401A, Hampton, VA 23681-2199, USA  3: Mail Stop K8-88, Battelle Boulevard, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 82 Issue 1-4, p319; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absolute intensity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Broadening and shifts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: HCN; Author-Supplied Keyword: HCN <f>ν1</f> band; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectra; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00161-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=10354753&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rinsland, C.P.
AU  - Malathy Devi, V.
AU  - Smith, M.A.H.
AU  - Chris Benner, D.
AU  - W. Sharpe, Steven
AU  - L. Sams, Robert
T1  - A multispectrum analysis of the <f>ν1</f> band of <f>H12C14N</f>: Part II. Air- and <f>N2</f>-broadening, shifts and their temperature dependences
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 82
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Air- and <f>N2</f>-broadening, air- and <f>N2</f>-pressure-induced shift coefficients and the temperature dependence exponent of the broadening coefficients and the temperature dependent coefficient of pressure-induced shifts have been determined for transitions of the <f>ν1</f> band of <f>H12C14N</f> from 39 laboratory absorption spectra recorded at 0.005 and <f>0.008 cm−1</f> resolutions with two different Fourier transform spectrometers. The parameters were retrieved from the multispectrum nonlinear least-squares fits to the 3200–<f>3400 cm−1</f> region of spectra recorded at temperatures between <f>+26°C</f> and <f>−60°C</f>. Pure samples of HCN in a 19.95 cell and a <f>0.958 cm</f> cell at room temperature as well as lean mixtures of HCN in <f>N2</f> or dry air in a coolable cell with a <f>50 cm</f> absorption path were used in the experiments. Line parameters for <f>N2</f> broadening were determined by fitting 27 spectra simultaneously while air-broadening parameters were quantified from simultaneous fits to 22 spectra. The average ratio and the standard deviation of the room-temperature air- to <f>N2</f>-broadening coefficient of lines with assignments between P(29) and R(28) are <f>0.904±0.001</f>. Pressure-induced shift coefficients at <f>296 K</f> are all negative with values between 0 and <f>∼−0.006 cm−1 atm−1</f> and different rotational dependences in the P- and R-branches. Differences between our results, previous measurements and the parameters that are reported in the 2000 edition of HITRAN (HIgh-resolution TRANsmission) database are quantified and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy
KW  - Hydrogen cyanide
KW  - Infrared spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 10354754; Rinsland, C.P. 1; Email Address: c.p.rinsland@larc.nasa.gov Malathy Devi, V. 2 Smith, M.A.H. 1 Chris Benner, D. 2 W. Sharpe, Steven 3 L. Sams, Robert 3; Affiliation:  1: NASA Langley Research Center, Mail Stop 401A, 21 Langley Boulevard, Hampton, VA 23681-2199, USA  2: Department of Physics, College of William and Mary, Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, MS K8-88, P.O.Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 82 Issue 1-4, p343; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen cyanide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectra; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00162-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chackerian, Charles
AU  - W. Sharpe, Steven
AU  - A. Blake, Thomas
T1  - Anhydrous nitric acid integrated absorption cross sections: 820–<f>5300 cm−1</f>
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 82
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Fourier transform infrared absorbance measurements of small aliquots of anhydrous nitric acid were used to determine regional, integrated cross sections at 278.2, 298.22 and <f>323.15 K</f>. Spectra were recorded with pressure broadened samples (1 atmosphere nitrogen), in a <f>20 cm</f> path length cell at a spectral resolution of <f>0.112 cm−1</f>. Spectral regions measured include the vibrational bands: <f>ν1 (∼3552 cm−1)</f>, <f>ν2 (∼1710 cm−1)</f>, <f>ν3</f>, <f>ν4 (∼1320 cm−1)</f>, and <f>ν5</f>, <f>2ν9 (∼890 cm−1)</f> and regions of weaker absorption between 820 and <f>5300 cm−1</f>. We observe expected changes in the distribution of rovibrational intensities with temperature, but to the accuracy of our measurements, cross-sections integrated over entire vibrational bands are independent of temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Absorption cross sections
KW  - Band intensities
KW  - Nitric acid
N1  - Accession Number: 10354760; Chackerian, Charles 1; Email Address: cchackerian@mail.arc.nasa.gov W. Sharpe, Steven 2 A. Blake, Thomas 2; Affiliation:  1: NASA Ames Research Center and SETI Institute Mail Stop 245-4, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA  2: Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Battelle Blvd. Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 82 Issue 1-4, p429; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption cross sections; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band intensities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitric acid; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00168-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rinsland, Curtis P.
AU  - Sharpe, Steven W.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
T1  - Temperature-dependent absorption cross-sections in the thermal infrared bands of <f>SF5CF3</f>
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 82
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Absorption cross-sections have been measured at five temperatures between 213 and <f>323 K</f> in the infrared bands of <f>SF5CF3</f>. The spectra were recorded at a resolution of <f>0.112 cm−1</f> using a commercial Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and a <f>20 cm</f> temperature-controlled sample cell. Samples of <f>SF5CF3</f> were pressurized with high-purity nitrogen to a total pressure of <f>1013.3 hPa (760 Torr)</f>. Six or more spectra with varying <f>SF5CF3</f> column amounts were analyzed at each temperature. The full spectral range of the measurements was 520–<f>6500 cm−1</f>, with only weak bands observed beyond <f>1400 cm−1</f>. Absorption of thermal radiation in the 8–<f>12 μm</f> atmospheric window region being important for climate change, we report here the integrated cross-sections of the significant absorption bands in that spectral region. Our results closely match room temperature values reported previously. Only small variation of the integrated absorption cross-sections with temperature was found. Our results confirm the accuracy of the previous measurements, which find <f>SF5CF3</f> important for global climate change on a per molecule basis. Absorption cross-sections derived from a single, near Doppler-limited spectrum recorded at room temperature do not show any rotational fine structure in the 700–<f>950 cm−1</f> region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - Absorption cross-section
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Infrared spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10354764; Rinsland, Curtis P. 1; Email Address: c.p.rinsland@larc.nasa.gov Sharpe, Steven W. 2 Sams, Robert L. 2; Affiliation:  1: NASA Langley Research Center, 21 Langley Boulevard, Mail Stop 401A, Hampton, VA 23681-2199, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 82 Issue 1-4, p483; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption cross-section; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00172-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nyman, May
AU  - Criscenti, Louise J.
AU  - Bonhomme, François
AU  - Rodriguez, Mark A.
AU  - Cygan, Randall T.
T1  - Synthesis, structure, and molecular modeling of a titanoniobate isopolyanion
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 176
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Polyoxoniobate chemistry, both in the solid state and in solution is dominated by [Nb6O19]8−, the Lindquist ion. Recently, we have expanded this chemistry through use of hydrothermal synthesis. The current publication illustrates how use of heteroatoms is another means of diversifying polyoxoniobate chemistry. Here we report the synthesis of Na8[Nb8Ti2O28]·34H2O <f>[1¯]</f> and its structural characterization from single-crystal X-ray data. This salt crystallizes in the P-1 space group (<f>a=11.829(4)</f> A˚, <f>b=12.205(4)</f> A˚, <f>c=12.532(4)</f> A˚, <f>α=97.666(5)</f>°, <f>β=113.840(4)</f>°, <f>γ=110.809(4)</f>°), and the decameric anionic cluster [Nb8Ti2O28]8− has the same cluster geometry as the previously reported [Nb10O28]6− and [V10O28]6−. Molecular modeling studies of [Nb10O28]6− and all possible isomers of [Nb8Ti2O28]8− suggest that this cluster geometry is stabilized by incorporating the Ti4+ into cluster positions in which edge-sharing is maximized. In this manner, the overall repulsion between edge-sharing octahedra within the cluster is minimized, as Ti4+ is both slightly smaller and of lower charge than Nb5+. Synthetic studies also show that while the [Nb10O28]6− cluster is difficult to obtain, the [Nb8Ti2O28]8− cluster can be synthesized reproducibly and is stable in neutral to basic solutions, as well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NIOBATES
KW  - SOLID state chemistry
KW  - INORGANIC compounds -- Synthesis
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11319605; Nyman, May 1; Email Address: mdnyman@sandia.gov Criscenti, Louise J. 1 Bonhomme, François 1 Rodriguez, Mark A. 2 Cygan, Randall T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Geochemistry Department, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0750, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Materials Characterization Department, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0750, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 176 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: NIOBATES; Subject Term: SOLID state chemistry; Subject Term: INORGANIC compounds -- Synthesis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00354-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Masuda, Takatsugu
AU  - Chakoumakos, Bryan C.
AU  - Nygren, Cara L.
AU  - Imai, Suguru
AU  - Uchinokura, Kunimitsu
T1  - A novel germanate, Cu2Fe2Ge4O13, with a four tetrahedra oligomer
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 176
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The structure of Cu2Fe2Ge4O13, previously thought to be CuFeGe2O6, has been determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to be monoclinic, <f>P21/m</f>, <f>a=12.1050(6)</f>, <f>b=8.5073(4)</f>, <f>c=4.8736(2)</f> A˚, <f>β=96.145(1)°</f>, <f>Z=2</f>, with <f>R1=0.0231</f> and <f>wR2=0.0605</f>. The unique structure has an oligomer of four germanate tetrahedra, cross-linked laterally by square-planar copper ions, joined end-to-end by a zigzag chain of edge-sharing iron oxide octahedra. Running along the a-direction the metal oxide chain consists of alternating Cu–Cu and Fe–Fe dimers. A hypothetical series of homologous structures (<f>Cun−2Fe2GenO3n+1</f> with <f>n=3,4,…,∞</f>) with different length germanate oligomers is proposed, where as <f>n</f> increases, the infinite chain of the CuGeO3 is approached. In this context, Cu2Fe2Ge4O13 is viewed as being built from blocks of CuGeO3 and the Fe oxide chains. This material has significance to the study of low-dimensional mixed-spin systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER compounds
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - MAGNETIC structure
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Cu2Fe2Ge4O13
KW  - CuGeO3
KW  - Germanate
KW  - Low-dimensional magnet
KW  - Mixed-spin system
N1  - Accession Number: 11319613; Masuda, Takatsugu 1 Chakoumakos, Bryan C. 1; Email Address: kou@ornl.gov Nygren, Cara L. 2 Imai, Suguru 3 Uchinokura, Kunimitsu 3; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 7962, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6393, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  3: Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 176 Issue 1, p175; Subject Term: COPPER compounds; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: MAGNETIC structure; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu2Fe2Ge4O13; Author-Supplied Keyword: CuGeO3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-dimensional magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed-spin system; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00387-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baccam, Prasith
AU  - Thompson, Robert J.
AU  - Yuxing Li, Robert J.
AU  - Sparks, Wendy O.
AU  - Belshan, Michael
AU  - Dorman, Karin S.
AU  - Wannemuehler, Yvonne
AU  - Oaks, J. Lindsay
AU  - Cornette, James L.
AU  - Carpenter, Susan
T1  - Subpopulations of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Rev Coexist In Vivo and Differ in Phenotype.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 77
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 12122
EP  - 12131
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Lentiviruses exist in vivo as a population of related, nonidentical genotypes, commonly referred to as quasispecies. The quasispecies structure is characteristic of complex adaptive systems and contributes to the high rate of evolution in lentiviruses that confounds efforts to develop effective vaccines and antiviral therapies. Here, we describe analyses of genetic data from longitudinal studies of genetic variation in a lentivirus regulatory protein, Rev, over the course of disease in ponies experimentally infected with equine infectious anemia virus. As observed with other lentivirus data, the Rev variants exhibited a quasispecies character. Phylogenetic and partition analyses suggested that the Rev quasispecies comprised two distinct subpopulations that coexisted during infection. One subpopulation appeared to accumulate changes in a linear, time-dependent manner, while the other evolved radially from a common variant. Over time, the two subpopulations cycled in predominance coincident with changes in the disease state, suggesting that the two groups differed in selective advantage. Transient expression assays indicated the two populations differed significantly in Rev nuclear export activity. Chimeric proviral clones containing Rev genotypes representative of each population differed in rate and overall level of virus replication in vitro. The coexistence of genetically distinct viral subpopulations that differ in phenotype provides great adaptability to environmental changes within the infected host. A quasispecies model with multiple subpopulations may provide additional insight into the nature of lentivirus reservoirs and the evolution of antigenic and drug-resistant variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUINE infectious anemia
KW  - LENTIVIRUSES
KW  - VIRAL evolution
N1  - Accession Number: 11489338; Baccam, Prasith 1,2,3 Thompson, Robert J. 2 Yuxing Li, Robert J. 2 Sparks, Wendy O. 2 Belshan, Michael 2 Dorman, Karin S. 4,5 Wannemuehler, Yvonne 2 Oaks, J. Lindsay 6 Cornette, James L. 1 Carpenter, Susan 2; Email Address: scarp@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University  2: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University  3: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM  4: Department of Statistics, Iowa State University  5: Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University  6: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 77 Issue 22, p12122; Subject Term: EQUINE infectious anemia; Subject Term: LENTIVIRUSES; Subject Term: VIRAL evolution; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Di Mascio, Michele
AU  - Markowitz, Martin
AU  - Louie, Michael
AU  - Hogan, Christine
AU  - Hurley, Arlene
AU  - Chung, Chris
AU  - Ho, David D.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Viral Blip Dynamics during Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 77
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 12165
EP  - 12172
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Although intermittent episodes of low-level viremia are often observed in well-suppressed highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated patients, the timing and amplitude of viral blips have never been examined in detail. We analyze here the dynamics of viral blips, i.e., plasma VL measurements of >50 copies/ml, in 123 HAART-treated patients monitored for a mean of 2.6 years (range, 5 months to 5.3 years). The mean (± the standard deviation) blip frequency was 0.09 ± 0.11/sample, with about one-third of patients showing no viral blips. The mean viral blip amplitude was 158 ± 132 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA copies/ml. Analysis of the blip frequency and amplitude distributions suggest that two blips less than 22 days apart have a significant chance of being part of the same episode of viremia. The data are consistent with a hypothetical model in which each episode of viremia consists of a phase of VL rise, followed by two-phase exponential decay. Thus, the term "viral blip" may be a misnomer, since viral replication appears to be occurring over an extended period. Neither the frequency nor the amplitude of viral blips increases with longer periods of observation, but the frequency is inversely correlated with the CD4[sup +]-T-cell count at the start of therapy, suggesting that host-specific factors but not treatment fatigue are determinants of blip frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIRETROVIRAL agents
KW  - RETROVIRUS diseases -- Treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 11489342; Di Mascio, Michele 1,2 Markowitz, Martin 3 Louie, Michael 3 Hogan, Christine 3 Hurley, Arlene 3 Chung, Chris 3 Ho, David D. 3 Perelson, Alan S. 1; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, MD  3: Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 77 Issue 22, p12165; Subject Term: ANTIRETROVIRAL agents; Subject Term: RETROVIRUS diseases -- Treatment; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 18 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kunstman, Kevin J.
AU  - Puffer, Bridget
AU  - Korber, Bette T.
AU  - Kuiken, Carla
AU  - Smith, Una R.
AU  - Kunstman, Jennifer
AU  - Stanton, Jennifer
AU  - Agy, Michael
AU  - Shibata, Riri
AU  - Yoder, Anne D.
AU  - Pillai, Satish
AU  - Doms, Robert W.
AU  - Marx, Preston
AU  - Wolinsky, Steven M.
T1  - Structure and Function of CC-Chemokine Receptor 5 Homologues Derived from Representative Primate Species and Subspecies of the Taxonomic Suborders Prosimii and Anthropoidea.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 77
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 12310
EP  - 12318
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - A chemokine receptor from the seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily is an essential coreceptor for the cellular entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains. To investigate nonhuman primate CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) homologue structure and function, we amplified CCR5 DNA sequences from peripheral blood cells obtained from 24 representative species and subspecies of the primate suborders Prosimii (family Lemuridae) and Anthropoidea (families Cebidae, Callitrichidae, Cercopithecidae, Hylobatidae, and Pongidae) by PCR with primers flanking the coding region of the gene. Full-length CCR5 was inserted into pCDNA3.1, and multiple clones were sequenced to permit discrimination of both alleles. Compared to the human CCR5 sequence, the CCR5 sequences of the Lemuridae, Cebidae, and Cercopithecidae shared 87, 91 to 92, and 96 to 99% amino acid sequence homology, respectively. Amino acid substitutions tended to cluster in the amino and carboxy termini, the first transmembrane domain, and the second extracellular loop, with a pattern of species-specific changes that characterized CCR5 homologues from primates within a given family. At variance with humans, all primate species examined from the suborder Anthropoidea had amino acid substitutions at positions 13 (N to D) and 129 (V to I); the former change is critical for CD4-independent binding of SIV to CCR5. Within the Cebidae, Cercopithecidae, and Pongidae (including humans), CCR5 nucleotide similarities were 95.2 to 97.4, 98.0 to 99.5, and 98.3 to 99.3%, respectively. Despite this low genetic diversity, the phylogeny of the selected primate CCR5 homologue sequences agrees with present primate systematics, apart from some intermingling of species of the Cebidae and Cercopithecidae. Constructed HOS.CD4 cell lines expressing the entire CCR5 homologue protein from each of the Anthropoidea species and subspecies were tested for their ability to support HIV-1 and SIV entry and membrane fusion. Other than that of Cercopithecus pygerythrus, all CCR5 homologues tested were able to support both SIV and HIV-1 entry. Our results suggest that the shared structure and function of primate CCR5 homologue proteins would not impede the movement of primate immunodeficiency viruses between species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMOKINES
KW  - PROSIMIANS
KW  - G proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 11489356; Kunstman, Kevin J. 1 Puffer, Bridget 2 Korber, Bette T. 3 Kuiken, Carla 3 Smith, Una R. 3 Kunstman, Jennifer 1 Stanton, Jennifer 1 Agy, Michael 4 Shibata, Riri 5 Yoder, Anne D. 6,7 Pillai, Satish 8 Doms, Robert W. 2 Marx, Preston 9 Wolinsky, Steven M. 1; Email Address: s-wolinsky@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Illinois  2: Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania  3: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  4: National Primate Research Center, University of Washington  5: The Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Maryland  6: Departments of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Illinois  7: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, CT  8: Department of Zoology, Tulane Regional Primate Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Louisiana  9: Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane Regional Primate Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Louisiana; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 77 Issue 22, p12310; Subject Term: CHEMOKINES; Subject Term: PROSIMIANS; Subject Term: G proteins; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohagen, Asa
AU  - Devitt, Amy
AU  - Kunstman, Kevin J.
AU  - Gorry, Paul R.
AU  - Rose, Patrick P.
AU  - Korber, Bette
AU  - Taylor, Joann
AU  - Levy, Robert
AU  - Murphy, Robert L.
AU  - Wolinsky, Steven M.
AU  - Gabuzda, Dana
T1  - Genetic and Functional Analysis of Full-Length Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 env Genes Derived from Brain and Blood of Patients with AIDS.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 77
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 12336
EP  - 12345
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - The genetic evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the brain is distinct from that in lymphoid tissues, indicating tissue-specific compartmentalization of the virus. Few primary HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Envs) from uncultured brain tissues have been biologically well characterized. In this study, we analyzed 37 full-length env genes from uncultured brain biopsy and blood samples from four patients with AIDS. Phylogenetic analysis of intrapatient sequence sets showed distinct clustering of brain relative to blood env sequences. However, no brain-specific signature sequence was identified. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the number or positions of N-linked glycosylation sites between brain and blood env sequences. The patterns of coreceptor usage were heterogeneous, with no clear distinction between brain and blood env clones. Nine Envs used CCR5 as a coreceptor, one used CXCR4, and two used both CCR5 and CXCR4 in cell-to-cell fusion assays. Eight Envs could also use CCR3, CCR8, GPR15, STRL33, Apj, and/or GPR1, but these coreceptors did not play a major role in virus entry into microglia. Recognition of epitopes by the 2F5, T30, AG10H9, F105, 17b, and C11 monoclonal antibodies varied among env clones, reflecting genetic and conformational heterogeneity. Envs from two patients contained 28 to 32 N-glycosylation sites in gp120, compared to around 25 in lab strains and well-characterized primary isolates. These results suggest that HIV-1 Envs in brain cannot be distinguished from those in blood on the basis of coreceptor usage or the number or positions of N-glycosylation sites, indicating that other properties underlie neurotropism. The study also demonstrates characteristics of primary HIV-1 Envs from uncultured tissues and implies that Env variants that are glycosylated more extensively than lab strains and well-characterized primary isolates should be considered during development of vaccines and neutralizing antibodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - VIRAL evolution
KW  - LYMPHOID tissue
N1  - Accession Number: 11489359; Ohagen, Asa 1,2 Devitt, Amy 3 Kunstman, Kevin J. 3 Gorry, Paul R. 1,2 Rose, Patrick P. 4 Korber, Bette 4,5 Taylor, Joann 3 Levy, Robert 6 Murphy, Robert L. 3 Wolinsky, Steven M. 3 Gabuzda, Dana 1; Email Address: dana_gabuzda@dfci.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts  2: Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts  3: Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Illinois  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  5: Santa Fe Institute, New Mexico  6: Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Medical School, Illinois; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 77 Issue 22, p12336; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: VIRAL evolution; Subject Term: LYMPHOID tissue; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Risk, Michael J.
AU  - Sherwood, Owen A.
AU  - Heikoop, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Llewellyn, Ghislaine
T1  - Smoke signals from corals: isotopic signature of the 1997 Indonesian ‘haze’ event
JO  - Marine Geology
JF  - Marine Geology
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 202
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 00253227
AB  - From September to November 1997, most of Indonesia was covered by a dense blanket of haze, originating from fires on Sumatra and Borneo. Specimens of Porites lobata were collected from two locations, i.e. the Riau Archipelago, south of Singapore, where the haze was most dense, and the Karimunjawa Islands, north of Central Java, where the effects were less severe. All corals exhibited strong Kinetic Isotope Effects (KIE). On plots of δ18O vs. δ13C, shifts in coral metabolism associated with the haze event could be estimated from the distance individual values are positioned from the theoretical KIE line. Skeletons of corals affected by the haze showed decreased δ13C values, perhaps produced by a shift to a more heterotrophic mode of feeding. These results suggest that wildfires and major forest fire events on tropical coastlines may be recorded in nearby corals, as could temporal variation in frequency of major fires. Moreover, information on coral metabolism may be determined by examining shifts of coral skeletal values in C–O space. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORALS
KW  - SMOKE
KW  - PORITES lobata
KW  - INDONESIA
KW  - δ
KW  - 13C
KW  - coral
KW  - forest fires
KW  - isotope stratigraphy
KW  - Java Sea
KW  - KIE
KW  - Porites lobata
N1  - Accession Number: 11251657; Risk, Michael J. 1; Email Address: riskmj@mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca Sherwood, Owen A. 1; Email Address: sherwooa@mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca Heikoop, Jeffrey M. 2; Email Address: jheikoop@lanl.gov Llewellyn, Ghislaine 3; Email Address: Ghislaine.Llewellyn@WWFUS.ORG; Affiliation:  1: School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1  2: Earth and Environmental Sciences, EES-1, MS-D462, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: World Wildlife Fund, 1250 24th Street NW, Washington, DC 20037-1193, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 202 Issue 1/2, p71; Subject Term: CORALS; Subject Term: SMOKE; Subject Term: PORITES lobata; Subject Term: INDONESIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: δ; Author-Supplied Keyword: 13C; Author-Supplied Keyword: coral; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest fires; Author-Supplied Keyword: isotope stratigraphy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Java Sea; Author-Supplied Keyword: KIE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porites lobata; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00226-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bloom, Paul D.
AU  - Baikerikar, K.G.
AU  - Anderegg, James W.
AU  - Sheares, Valerie V.
T1  - Fabrication and wear resistance of Al–Cu–Fe quasicrystal-epoxy composite materials
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 360
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Wear resistant polymer composites are prepared using a novel filler material, Al–Cu–Fe quasicrystals (QC). Novolac epoxy filled with Al–Cu–Fe quasicrystalline powder are evaluated by pin-on-disk testing using a 52100 steel counterface. Epoxy samples filled with aluminum, copper, iron, aluminum oxide, and silicon carbide are tested for comparison. The use of Al–Cu–Fe QC powder, as a filler in epoxy, maximizes the composite wear resistance while minimizing abrasion of the 52100 steel counterface. Wear mechanisms of the Al–Cu–Fe composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The fabrication and wear properties of these unique materials will be described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - STEEL
KW  - ALUMINUM compounds
KW  - Al–Cu–Fe
KW  - Composite
KW  - Filler
KW  - Pin-on-disk
KW  - Quasicrystal
KW  - Wear
N1  - Accession Number: 10806210; Bloom, Paul D. 1,2 Baikerikar, K.G. 1,2 Anderegg, James W. 2 Sheares, Valerie V. 1,2; Email Address: vshcares@iastatc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 360 Issue 1/2, p46; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: ALUMINUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al–Cu–Fe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filler; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pin-on-disk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasicrystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00415-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mulholland, M.M.
AU  - Ege, E.S.
AU  - Khraishi, T.A.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
AU  - Shen, Y.-L.
T1  - Cavity mediated strain localization and overall ductility in eutectic tin-lead alloy
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 360
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 160
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A combined experimental and numerical study is undertaken to examine the effects of pre-machined holes on strain localization and overall ductility in eutectic tin-lead alloy. Thin-sheet specimens with equal-sized holes aligned in the tensile loading direction are used. The tensile tests were performed at room temperature with a nominal strain rate of 0.001 s−1. The specimen, containing one hole, showed a significant reduction in ductility compared to the control (no-hole) specimen. With an increasing number of holes, however, the overall strain-to-failure increases and fracture tend to follow shear bands generated locally from the hole edges. Finite element analyses, taking into account the viscoplastic response, were carried out to provide a mechanistic rationale to corroborate the experimental findings. The dispersion of plastic deformation and the effect of hole interaction are both found to contribute to the observed behavior. The local maximum equivalent plastic strain decreases with increasing number of holes, resulting in more delayed fracture. Plastic deformation becomes more intense inside the shear band when the holes are spaced more closely, which explains the increasing propensity of fracture along the shear bands in specimens containing more pre-machined holes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIN alloys
KW  - LEAD alloys
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Shear band
KW  - Tin-lead alloy
N1  - Accession Number: 10806224; Mulholland, M.M. 1 Ege, E.S. 1 Khraishi, T.A. 1 Horstemeyer, M.F. 2 Shen, Y.-L. 1; Email Address: shenyl@me.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 360 Issue 1/2, p160; Subject Term: TIN alloys; Subject Term: LEAD alloys; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear band; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin-lead alloy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00429-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, K.J.
AU  - Park, C.
AU  - Oh, S.S.
AU  - Kwon, Y.K.
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Mandrus, D.G.
AU  - Paul, D. McK.
AU  - Tomy, C.V.
T1  - Complementary study of heat capacity and magnetization for intermetallic YNi2B2C single crystal
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 398
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The superconducting and magnetic properties of YNi2B2C single crystal have been investigated by heat capacity and dc-magnetic methods, with magnetic field applied parallel to the <f>c</f>-axis, i.e., <f>H&par;(0 0 1)</f>-direction. In the framework of heat capacity and magnetization analyses, we obtain the thermodynamic critical field <f>Hc</f> from both heat capacity and magnetization data. The heat capacity data deviate from predictions for both weak- and strong-coupling superconductivity, but are described relatively well in a medium-coupling analysis. The precise <f>t3</f>-dependence of the electronic heat capacity <f>Ces</f> indicates the gap anisotropy with the presence of point nodes for YNi2B2C single crystal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11113640; Song, K.J. 1; Email Address: kjsong@keri.re.kr Park, C. 1 Oh, S.S. 1 Kwon, Y.K. 1 Thompson, J.R. 2,3 Mandrus, D.G. 2,3 Paul, D. McK. 4 Tomy, C.V. 5; Affiliation:  1: Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon, Kyungnam 641-120, South Korea  2: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37919, USA  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37919, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Conventry CV47AL, UK  5: Department of Physics, I.I.T. Powai, Mumbai 40076, India; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 398 Issue 3/4, p107; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01267-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rigney, D.A.
AU  - Fu, X.Y.
AU  - Hammerberg, J.E.
AU  - Holian, B.L.
AU  - Falk, M.L.
T1  - Examples of structural evolution during sliding and shear of ductile materials
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 977
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The focus of this paper is on structural changes, sometimes accompanied by composition changes, that develop adjacent to sliding interfaces in ductile materials. Examples of observations on sliding of crystalline and non-crystalline materials are compared with recent molecular dynamics simulations. Similarities between cases of sliding and localized shear are also noted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL engineering
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - Driven systems
KW  - Friction
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Shear bands
N1  - Accession Number: 10720768; Rigney, D.A. 1; Email Address: rigney.1@osu.edu Fu, X.Y. 2 Hammerberg, J.E. 3 Holian, B.L. 4 Falk, M.L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 477 Watts Hall, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  2: Merck Research Laboratories, WP78-304, Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA  3: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 49 Issue 10, p977; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL engineering; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Driven systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear bands; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00472-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peter Martin, L.
AU  - Quoc Pham, A.
AU  - Glass, Robert S.
T1  - Effect of Cr2O3 electrode morphology on the nitric oxide response of a stabilized zirconia sensor
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 09254005
AB  - Electrochemical sensors using a porous Cr2O3 sensing electrode and an yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte were fabricated and tested for their NO sensitivity. The electrodes were fabricated by colloidal spray deposition of Cr2O3 powder, followed by sintering at 1000–1200 °C. The effects of sintering temperature on the electrode thickness and microstructure are discussed. The observed dependence of the NO sensitivity, in the temperature range of 500–600 °C, on both the electrode thickness and microstructure indicates competing mechanisms are involved in the sensor response. The reaction of NO and O2 to form NO2 at the electrode surface was explored using a chemiluminescent NOx analyzer. The data indicate that sintering temperature also affects the catalytic activity of the Cr2O3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL sensors
KW  - CHROMIUM compounds
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Chromium oxide
KW  - Gas sensor
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - NO
KW  - NOx
KW  - Potentiometric
N1  - Accession Number: 11401748; Peter Martin, L.; Email Address: martin89@llnl.gov Quoc Pham, A. 1 Glass, Robert S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail Stop L-353, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 96 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL sensors; Subject Term: CHROMIUM compounds; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: NO; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potentiometric; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00485-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Medlin, J. Will
AU  - Lutz, Andrew E.
AU  - Bastasz, Robert
AU  - McDaniel, Anthony H.
T1  - The response of palladium metal-insulator-semiconductor devices to hydrogen–oxygen mixtures: comparisons between kinetic models and experiment
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2003/11/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 290
SN  - 09254005
AB  - The operation of hydrogen-sensitive metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) devices in the presence of oxygen is described using a detailed model of the surface and interface kinetics. The solution methods developed here build on existing models by considering adsorbed oxygenated species in the interaction between atomic hydrogen at the metal-semiconductor interface and the external surface. The net effect of the adsorbed oxygenated species is to increase the amount of interfacial hydrogen predicted to exist within the structure at equilibrium. These theoretical predictions are compared to computed results from a previously existing model; furthermore, both mechanistic models are analyzed in light of new and previously published experimental response trends for MIS devices. Although the two models considered in this work are each found to be useful in understanding some aspects of the response, elementary reaction mechanisms appear to be inadequate for prediction of response curves. The results of these comparisons suggest that the kinetics for operation of MIS sensors in hydrogen–oxygen mixtures are quite complex, and may be strongly morphology-dependent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Kinetic model
KW  - Metal-insulator-semiconductor hydrogen sensor
N1  - Accession Number: 11401779; Medlin, J. Will Lutz, Andrew E. 1 Bastasz, Robert 1 McDaniel, Anthony H.; Email Address: amcdani@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, Box 969, MS 9052, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 96 Issue 1/2, p290; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal-insulator-semiconductor hydrogen sensor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00545-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jovanovic, Igor
AU  - Schmidt, Jason R.
AU  - Ebbers, Christopher A.
T1  - Optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification in periodically poled KTiOPO[sub 4] at 1053 nm.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/17/
VL  - 83
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4125
EP  - 4127
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have demonstrated a high-gain preamplifier for Nd:glass-based chirped-pulse amplification systems using optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) in periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) in a collinear quasi-phase-matched configuration. The absence of birefringent walk-off enables high conversion efficiency and high beam quality using <1 mJ of pump energy. PPKTP has a potential to replace traditional angularly sensitive beta-barium borate preamplifiers for nearly degenerate OPCPA at wavelengths near 1 μm. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - NEODYMIUM glass lasers
KW  - TITANIUM compounds
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
N1  - Accession Number: 11421606; Jovanovic, Igor 1; Email Address: jovanovic 1@ilnl.gov Schmidt, Jason R. 1 Ebbers, Christopher A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National  Laboratory Mail Code  L-490, 7000 East Avenue,  Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: 11/17/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 20, p4125; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM glass lasers; Subject Term: TITANIUM compounds; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627467
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murray, C. E.
AU  - Noyan, I. C.
AU  - Mooney, P. M.
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Cai, Z.
T1  - Mapping of strain fields about thin film structures using x-ray microdiffraction.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/17/
VL  - 83
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4163
EP  - 4165
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Substrate distortions were mapped near pseudomorphically grown SiGe thin film etched lines of various widths from 1.5 to 20 μm on Si(001) and 190 μm diameter Ni dots on Si(111) using reflection x-ray microdiffraction topography. The strain field extended 30–120 times the thickness of the film away from the feature edge. The profile of the enhanced diffracted intensity was found to follow a characteristic curve when the distance from the feature edge is normalized by a mean interaction distance that depends on the feature size. This normalization and the observed strain decay profiles cannot be predicted or modeled using existing micromechanical models. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - CARTOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11421593; Murray, C. E. 1; Email Address: conal@us.ibm.com Noyan, I. C. 1 Mooney, P. M. 1 Lai, B. 2 Cai, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: IBM Research Division, T.J.  Watson Research Center; Yorktown Heights, New York 10598.  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National  Laboratory Argonne,  Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 11/17/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 20, p4163; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: CARTOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541360 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1628399
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wojtowicz, T.
AU  - Lim, W. L.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Dobrowolska, M.
AU  - K.#Furdyna, J.
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Vurgaftman, i.
AU  - Meyer, J. R.
T1  - Enhancement of Curie temperature in Ga[sub 1-x]Mn[sub x]As/Ga[sub 1-y]Al[sub y]As ferromagnetic heterostructures by Be modulation doping.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/17/
VL  - 83
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4220
EP  - 4222
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The effect of modulation doping by Be on the ferromagnetic properties of Ga[sub 1-x]Mn[sub x]As is investigated in Ga[sub 1-x]Mn[sub x]As/Ga[sub 1-y]Al[sub y]As heterojunctions and quantum wells. Introducing Be acceptors into the Ga[sub 1-y]Al[sub y]As barriers leads to an increase of the Curie temperature T[sub C] of Ga[sub 1-x]Mn[sub x]As, from 70 K in undoped structures to over 100 K with the modulation doping. This increase is qualitatively consistent with a multiband mean field theory simulation of carrier-mediated ferromagnetism. An important feature is that the increase of T[sub C] occurs only in those structures where the modulation doping is introduced after the deposition of the magnetic layer, but not when the Be-doped layer is grown first. This behavior is expected from the strong sensitivity of Mn interstitial formation to the value of the Fermi energy during growth. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CURIE temperature
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11421574; Wojtowicz, T. 1; Email Address: wojto@ifpan.edu.pl Lim, W. L. 2 Liu, X. 2 Dobrowolska, M. 2 K.#Furdyna, J. 2 Yu, K. M. 3 Walukiewicz, W. 3 Vurgaftman, i. 4 Meyer, J. R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 and Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences,  02-668 Warsaw,  Poland.  2: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556.  3: Electronic Materials Program, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory Berkeley California 94720.  4: Code 5613, Naval Research  Laboratory Washington, DC 20375.; Source Info: 11/17/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 20, p4220; Subject Term: CURIE temperature; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1628815
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheggour, N.
AU  - Ekin, J. W.
AU  - Clickner, C. C.
AU  - Verebelyi, D.T.
AU  - Thieme, C. L. H.
AU  - Feenstra, R.
AU  - Goyal, A.
T1  - Reversible axial-strain effect and extended strain limits in Y-Ba-Cu-O coatings on deformation-textured substrates.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/17/
VL  - 83
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4223
EP  - 4225
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The dependence of transport critical-current density J[sub c] on axial tensile strain [variant_greek_epsilon] was measured at 76 K and self-magnetic field for YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-δ] (YBCO) coatings on buffered, deformation-textured substrates of pure Ni, Ni–5-at. %-W, and Ni–10-at. %-Cr–2-at. %-W. Expectations have been that the strain tolerance of these composites would be limited by the relatively low yield strains of the deformation-textured substrates, typically less than 0.2%. However, results show that the irreversible degradation of J[sub c]([variant_greek_epsilon]) occurs at a strain equal to about twice the yield strain of the substrate. Therefore, YBCO/Ni-alloy composites may satisfy axial-strain performance requirements for electric devices, including the most demanding applications, motors and generators in which a strain tolerance exceeding 0.25% is needed. Furthermore, the YBCO/Ni–5-at. %-W conductors showed a reversible strain effect, which may be induced by a reversible strain-field broadening around mismatch dislocations at the grain boundaries. This effect may contribute to the unexpectedly large usable strain range of these conductors. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARIUM compounds
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MOTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11421573; Cheggour, N. 1; Email Address: cheggour@boulder.nist.gov Ekin, J. W. 1 Clickner, C. C. 1 Verebelyi, D.T. 2 Thieme, C. L. H. 2 Feenstra, R. 3 Goyal, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder Colorado 80305.  2: American Superconductor Corporation, Westborough, Massachusetts 01581.  3: Oak Ridge National  Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 11/17/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 20, p4223; Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MOTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333996 Fluid Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1628818
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Collins, Christopher J.
AU  - Schilling, Birgit
AU  - Young, Malin
AU  - Dollinger, Gavin
AU  - Guy, R. Kiplin
T1  - Isotopically labeled crosslinking reagents: resolution of mass degeneracy in the identification of crosslinked peptides
JO  - Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
JF  - Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/17/
VL  - 13
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4023
SN  - 0960894X
AB  - Mass spectrometry in three dimensions (MS3D) is a newly developed method for the determination of protein structures involving intramolecular chemical crosslinking of proteins, proteolytic digestion of the resulting adducts, identification of crosslinks by mass spectrometry (MS), peak assignment using theoretical mass lists, and computational reduction of crosslinks to a structure by distance geometry methods. To facilitate the unambiguous identification of crosslinked peptides from proteolytic digestion mixtures of crosslinked proteins by MS, we introduced double 18O isotopic labels into the crosslinking reagent to provide the crosslinked peptides with a characteristic isotope pattern. The presence of doublets separated by 4 Da in the mass spectra of these materials allowed ready discrimination between crosslinked and modified peptides, and uncrosslinked peptides using automated intelligent data acquisition (IDA) of MS/MS data. This should allow ready automation of the method for application to whole expressible proteomes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - PROTEOMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11173386; Collins, Christopher J. 1 Schilling, Birgit 1 Young, Malin 2 Dollinger, Gavin 3 Guy, R. Kiplin 1,4; Email Address: rguy@cgl.ucsf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA  2: Biosystems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  3: Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA  4: Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 13 Issue 22, p4023; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.08.053
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Assefa, Zerihun
AU  - Yaita, T.
AU  - Haire, R.G.
AU  - Tachimori, S.
T1  - Photoluminescence and Raman Studies of Curium and Americium Complexes of 6-Methyl 2-(2-Pyridyl)-benzimidazole: Evidence for an Efficient Intramolecular Energy Transfer.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/17/
VL  - 42
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7375
EP  - 7377
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Focuses on photoluminescence and Raman studies of curium and americium complexes of 6-methyl 2-(2-pyridyl)-benzimidazole.  Evidence for an efficient intramolecular energy transfer; Coordination enhancement in curium and americium.
KW  - CURIUM
KW  - AMERICIUM
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - BENZIMIDAZOLES
N1  - Accession Number: 11552986; Assefa, Zerihun 1; Email Address: Assefaz@ornl.gov Yaita, T. 2 Haire, R.G. 1 Tachimori, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Department of Materials Science, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute; Source Info: 11/17/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 23, p7375; Subject Term: CURIUM; Subject Term: AMERICIUM; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: BENZIMIDAZOLES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krasnitz, Alex
AU  - Nara, Yasushi
AU  - Venugopalan, Raju
T1  - Classical gluodynamics of high energy nuclear collisions: an erratum and an update
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/11/17/
VL  - 727
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We comment on the relation of our previous work on the classical gluodynamics of high energy nuclear collisions to recent work by Lappi [Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 054903]. While our results for the non-perturbative number liberation coefficient agree, those for the energy disagree by a factor of 2. This discrepancy can be traced to an overall normalization error in our non-perturbative formula for the energy. When corrected for, all previous results are in excellent agreement with those of Lappi. The implications of the results of these two independent computations for RHIC phenomenology are noted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
N1  - Accession Number: 10925729; Krasnitz, Alex 1 Nara, Yasushi 2; Email Address: ynara@physics.arizona.edu Venugopalan, Raju 3,4; Affiliation:  1: FCT and CENTRA, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, P-8000 Faro, Portugal  2: Physics Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 727 Issue 3/4, p427; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.08.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katsnelson, M.I.
AU  - Dobrovitski, V.V.
AU  - De Raedt, H.A.
AU  - Harmon, B.N.
T1  - Destruction of the Kondo effect by a local measurement
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/11/17/
VL  - 318
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We show that a local measurement which decoheres the Kondo center in a Kondo system, suppresses the Abrikosov–Suhl resonance and destroys the Kondo effect. This happens due to elimination of the entanglement between the Kondo center and the conduction electrons, and differs essentially from smearing of the resonance by dissipation. Considering decoherence by a spin bath, we predict that the Kondo effect disappears when the Kondo temperature becomes smaller than the coupling with a bath. Suppression of the Kondo effect can be detected in experiments on “quantum corrals” or quantum dots doped by impurities with internal degrees of freedom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KONDO effect
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Decoherence
KW  - Kondo effect
KW  - Open quantum systems
KW  - Quantum dots
KW  - Quantum measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 11252176; Katsnelson, M.I. 1,2 Dobrovitski, V.V. 1; Email Address: slava@axel.ameslab.gov De Raedt, H.A. 3 Harmon, B.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden  3: Institute for Theoretical Physics and Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 318 Issue 4/5, p445; Subject Term: KONDO effect; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decoherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kondo effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Open quantum systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum dots; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum measurement; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.08.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, Lisa A.
AU  - Choua Vu, Lisa A.
AU  - Hingerty, Brian E.
AU  - Broyde, Suse
AU  - Cosman, Moniue
T1  - Solution Structure of an O[SUP6]-[4-oxo-4-(3-Pyridyl)buty1] guanine Adduct in an 11mer DNA Duplex: Evidence for Formation of a Base Triplex.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/18/
VL  - 42
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 13134
EP  - 13144
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The pyridyloxobutylating agents derived from metabolically activated tobacco-specific nitrosamines can covalently modify guanine bases in DNA at the O[SUP6] position. The adduct formed, O[SUP6][4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)butyl]guanine ([POB]dG), results in mutations that can lead to tumor formation, posing a significant cancer risk to humans exposed to tobacco smoke. A combined NMR-molecular mechanics computational approach was used to determine the solution structure of the [POB]dG adduct within an 1 lmer duplex sequence d(CCATAT-[POB]G-GCCC)· d(GGGCCATATGG). In agreement with the NMR results, the POB ligand is located in the major groove, centered between the flanking 5'-side dT. dA and the 3'-side dG·dC base pairs and thus in the plane of the modified [POB]dG-dC base pair, which is displaced slightly into the minor groove. The modified base pair in the structure adopts wobble base pairing (hydrogen bonds between [POB]dG(N1) and dC(NH4) amino proton and between [POB]dG(NH2) amino proton and dC(N3)). A hydrogen bond appears to occur between the POB carbonyl oxygen and the partner dC's second amino proton. The modified guanine purine base, partner cytosine pyrimidine base, and POB pyridyl ring form a triplex via this unusual hydrogen-bonding pattern. The phosphodiester backbone twists at the lesion site, accounting for the unusual phosphorus chemical shift differences relative to those for the control DNA duplex. The helical distortions and wobble base pairing induced by the covalent binding of POB to the O[SUP6]-position of dG help explain the significant decrease of 17.6 °C in melting temperature of the modified duplex relative to the unmodified control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROSOAMINES
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - TOBACCO
KW  - TOBACCO smoke
KW  - CANCER
N1  - Accession Number: 11592175; Peterson, Lisa A. 1 Choua Vu, Lisa A. 1 Hingerty, Brian E. 2 Broyde, Suse 3 Cosman, Moniue 4; Email Address: cosman1@11n1.gov; Affiliation:  1: Division of Environmental and Occupational health and Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.  2: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  3: Biology Department, New York University, New York, New York 10003.  4: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: 11/18/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 45, p13134; Subject Term: NITROSOAMINES; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: TOBACCO; Subject Term: TOBACCO smoke; Subject Term: CANCER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424940 Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111910 Tobacco Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453991 Tobacco Stores; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bewley, Maria C.
AU  - Davis, C. Ainsley
AU  - Morohnic, Christopher C.
AU  - Taormina, David
AU  - Barber, Michael J.
T1  - The Structure of the S127P Mutant of Cytochrome b[SUB5] Reductase that Causes Methemoglobinemia Shows the AMP Moiety of the Flavin Occupying the Substrate Binding Site.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/18/
VL  - 42
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 13145
EP  - 13151
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Methemoglobinemia, the first hereditary disease to be identified that involved an enzyme deficiency, has been ascribed to mutations in the enzyme cytochrome b[SUB5] reductase. A variety of defects in either the erythrocytic or microsomal forms of the enzyme have been identified that give rise to the type I or type II variant of the disease, respectively. The positions of the methemoglobinemia-causing mutations are scattered throughout the protein sequence, but the majority of the non truncated mutants that produce type II symptoms occur close to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor binding site. While X-ray structures have been determined for the soluble, flavin-containing diaphorase domains of the rat and pig enzymes, no X-ray or NMR structure has been described for the human enzyme or any of the methemoglobinemia variants. S 127P, a mutant that causes type II methemoglobinemia, was the first to be positively identified and have its spectroscopic and kinetic properties characterized that revealed altered nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride (NADH) substrate binding behavior. To understand these changes at a structural level, we have determined the structure of the S127P mutant of rat cytochrome b5 reductase to 1.8 Å resolution, providing the first structural snapshot of a cytochrome b[SUB5] reductase mutant that causes methemoglobinemia. The high-resolution structure revealed that the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) moiety of the FAD prosthetic group is displaced into the corresponding ADP binding site of the physiological substrate, NADH, thus acting as a substrate inhibitor which is consistent with both the spectroscopic and kinetic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHEMOGLOBINEMIA
KW  - GENETIC disorders
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - NICOTINAMIDE
N1  - Accession Number: 11592176; Bewley, Maria C. 1; Email Address: mcb21@psu.edu Davis, C. Ainsley 2 Morohnic, Christopher C. 2 Taormina, David 1 Barber, Michael J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  2: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612.; Source Info: 11/18/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 45, p13145; Subject Term: METHEMOGLOBINEMIA; Subject Term: GENETIC disorders; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: NICOTINAMIDE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xomeritakis, G.
AU  - Braunbarth, C.M.
AU  - Smarsly, B.
AU  - Liu, N.
AU  - Köhn, R.
AU  - Klipowicz, Z.
AU  - Brinker, C.J.
T1  - Aerosol-assisted deposition of surfactant-templated mesoporous silica membranes on porous ceramic supports
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2003/11/18/
VL  - 66
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
SN  - 13871811
AB  - We present a new approach for rapid formation of mesoporous, surfactant-templated silica membranes on coarse-pore α-Al2O3 ceramic supports. A surfactant-silica sol is dispersed in the gas phase in the form of small droplets and delivered to the surface of the planar support by a N2 carrier stream. Coalescence of deposited sol droplets combined with solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly of liquid crystalline mesophases results in the formation of continuous, mesostructured silica-surfactant layers covering the surface of the support. These mesostructured silica membranes are impermeable right after synthesis and exhibit N2 permeance in the range 10−7–10−6 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1 after surfactant removal. SEM studies revealed the presence of relatively smooth layers of thickness ∼1 μm on the surface of the ceramic supports while SAXS and TEM investigations revealed that these membranes possess cubic-ordered mesopores of size ∼20 A˚, without preferential orientation with respect to the substrate. Such membranes may find application in ultrafiltration separation processes, since surfactant-templating can be used for accurate control of the pore size/distribution in the proper range for a desired separation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - GASES
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Membrane
KW  - Mesoporous silica
KW  - Surfactant
KW  - Ultrafiltration
N1  - Accession Number: 11253373; Xomeritakis, G. 1 Braunbarth, C.M. 1 Smarsly, B. 1 Liu, N. 1 Köhn, R. 1 Klipowicz, Z. 2 Brinker, C.J. 1,3; Email Address: cjbrink@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: NSF Center for Microengineered Materials, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Department of Ceramic Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Advanced Materials Laboratory, 1001 University Blvd. SE, Suite 100, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 66 Issue 1, p91; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: GASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafiltration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.micromeso.2003.08.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Londergan, Casey H.
AU  - Rocha, Reginaldo C.
AU  - Brown, Mac G.
AU  - Shreve, Andrew P.
AU  - Kubiak, Clifford P.
T1  - Intervalence Involvement of Bridging Ligand Vibrations in Hexaruthenium Mixed-Valence Clusters Probed by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/11/19/
VL  - 125
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 13912
EP  - 13913
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article studies intravalence involvement of bridging ligand vibrations in hexaruthenium mixed-valence clusters probed by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. The nature of electronic communication and delocalization in molecular mixed-valence species, particularly with respect to the Creutz-Taube ion, [(NH[sub3])[sub5]Ru][sub2](pz)[sup5+], where pz is for pyrazine, has been a subject of much study. Persuasive electroabsorption and resonance Raman experiments involving the near-infrared intervalence (IT) electronic absorption band were conducted. It was concluded that pyrazine is a delocalized, avenged-valence species best described by a three-site vibronic coupling model that explicitly includes an electronic state and vibrations of the bridging ligand. The study demonstrated that Raman spectra can be obtained as a function of tunable electronic coupling.
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - RESONANCE Raman effect
KW  - PYRIDAZINES
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 11715474; Londergan, Casey H. 1 Rocha, Reginaldo C. 2 Brown, Mac G. 2 Shreve, Andrew P. 2; Email Address: shreve@lanl.gov Kubiak, Clifford P. 1; Email Address: ckubiak@ucsd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358.  2: Bioscience Division, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 11/19/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 46, p13912; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: RESONANCE Raman effect; Subject Term: PYRIDAZINES; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xue-Bin
AU  - Niu, Shuqiang
AU  - Yang, Xin
AU  - Ibrahim, Saad K.
AU  - Pickett, Christopher J.
AU  - Ichiye, Toshiko
AU  - Wang, Lai-Sheng
T1  - Probing the  Intrinsic Electronic Structure of the Cubane [4Fe-4S] Cluster: Nature's Favorite Cluster for Electron Transfer and Storage.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/11/19/
VL  - 125
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 14072
EP  - 14081
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The cubane [4Fe-4S] is the most common multinuclear metal center in nature for electron transfer and storage. Using electrospray, we produced a series of gaseous doubly charged cubane-type complexes, [Fe[SUB4]S[SUB4]L[SUB4]][SUP2-](L = -SC[SUB2]H[SUB5], -SH, -Cl, -Br, -I) and the Se-analogues [Fe[SUB4]S[SUB4]L[SUB4]][SUP2-](L = -SC[SUB2]H5[SUB,] -Cl), and probed their electronic structures with photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations. The photoelectron spectral features are similar among all the seven species investigated, revealing a weak threshold feature due to the minority spins on the Fe centers and confirming the low-spin two-layer model for the [4Fe-4S][SUB2+] core and its "inverted level scheme". The measured adiabatic detachment energies, which are sensitive to the terminal ligand substitution, provide the intrinsic oxidation potentials of the [Fe[SUB4]S[SUB4]L[SUB4]][SUP2-] complexes. The calculations revealed a simple correlation between the electron donor property of the terminal etiolate as well as the bridging sulfide with the variation of the intrinsic redo potentials. Our data provide intrinsic electronic structure information of the [4Fe-4S] cluster and the molecular basis for understanding the protein and solvent effects on the redo properties of the [4Fe-4S] active sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11715519; Wang, Xue-Bin 1,2 Niu, Shuqiang 3,4 Yang, Xin 2 Ibrahim, Saad K. 5 Pickett, Christopher J. 5 Ichiye, Toshiko 3,4 Wang, Lai-Sheng 1,2; Email Address: Is.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory,  Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,  P.O. Box 999,  Rich land, Washington 99352.  2: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington  99352.  3: School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University,  Pullman, Washington  99164.  4: Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University,  Washington,  D.C.  20057-1227.  5: Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4  7UH, United Kingdom.; Source Info: 11/19/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 46, p14072; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hicks, Randall W.
AU  - Castagnola, Norma B.
AU  - Zhang, Zhaorong
AU  - Pinnavaia, Thomas J.
AU  - Marshall, Christopher L.
T1  - Lathlike mesostructured γ-alumina as a hydrodesulfurization catalyst support
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2003/11/20/
VL  - 254
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - A mesostructured γ-alumina with a lathlike framework morphology, denoted MSU-γ, has been prepared according to previously described methods through the reassembly and crystallization of a mesostructured alumina precursor with initially amorphous framework walls and used as a support for the catalytic hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT). The alumina support was loaded with molybdenum and cobalt ions via incipient wetness impregnation methods and then converted to the active sulfide form by reaction with H2S. HDS reactions of DBT were carried out at 400 °C and 400 psi to achieve a DBT conversion of 69–77% and a biphenyl (BP) product selectivity of 60–64% after a reaction time of 3 h, indicating that most of the DBT could undergo desulfurization while limiting excessive hydrogen consumption through aromatic hydrogenation. Although the dispersion of the active Mo/Co sulfide phase supported on lathlike MSU-γ alumina remained very high after several hours on stream, the conversions most likely were limited by a loss of surface area and porosity under HDS conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - BIPHENYL compounds
KW  - γ
KW  - -Alumina
KW  - Catalyst support
KW  - Hydrodesulfurization
KW  - Mesostructured
N1  - Accession Number: 11466176; Hicks, Randall W. 1 Castagnola, Norma B. 2 Zhang, Zhaorong 1 Pinnavaia, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: pinnavai@cem.msu.edu Marshall, Christopher L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4831, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 254 Issue 2, p311; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: BIPHENYL compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: -Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalyst support; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrodesulfurization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesostructured; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0926-860X(03)00476-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kneipp, Janina
AU  - Miller, Lisa M.
AU  - Joncic, Marion
AU  - Kittel, Martin
AU  - Lasch, Peter
AU  - Beekes, Michael
AU  - Naumann, Dieter
T1  - In situ identification of protein structural changes in prion-infected tissue
JO  - BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease
JF  - BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease
Y1  - 2003/11/20/
VL  - 1639
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 152
SN  - 09254439
AB  - Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the conversion of the normal prion protein (PrPC) into aggregates of its pathological conformer (PrPSc). The mechanism behind this structural conversion is unclear. We report the identification of disease-related protein structural differences directly within the tissue environment. Utilizing a synchrotron infrared (IR) light source, IR images of protein structure were obtained at a subcellular resolution, revealing regions of decreased α-helical content and elevated β-sheet structure in and around infected neurons in the 263 K scrapie hamster model. PrPSc immunostaining of the same tissue demonstrated that the elevated β-sheet regions correspond to regions where the misfolded structure of PrPSc is located. No evidence of these structural changes was observed in normal neurons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRIONS
KW  - NEURODEGENERATION
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - GOLDEN hamster
KW  - 263 K scrapie
KW  - Dorsal root ganglion
KW  - Prion
KW  - Synchrotron Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy
KW  - Syrian hamster
KW  - Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)
N1  - Accession Number: 11403095; Kneipp, Janina 1; Email Address: jkneipp@princeton.edu Miller, Lisa M. 2 Joncic, Marion 1 Kittel, Martin 3 Lasch, Peter 1 Beekes, Michael 1 Naumann, Dieter 1; Email Address: naumannd@rki.de; Affiliation:  1: Robert-Koch-Institut, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Bldg. 725D, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, NY 11973, USA  3: Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 1639 Issue 3, p152; Subject Term: PRIONS; Subject Term: NEURODEGENERATION; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: GOLDEN hamster; Author-Supplied Keyword: 263 K scrapie; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dorsal root ganglion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Syrian hamster; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbadis.2003.08.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Steven L.
AU  - Woodward, Carol S.
AU  - Graziani, Frank
T1  - Analyzing radiation diffusion using time-dependent sensitivity-based techniques
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/20/
VL  - 192
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 00219991
AB  - In this paper, we discuss the computation and use of solution sensitivities for analyzing radiation diffusion problems and the dependence of solutions on input parameters. The derivation of the sensitivity equations is given, along with a description of the method for solving them in tandem with the simulation. The parameter values express material opacity as a power-law of material temperature and density. The computed sensitivities reveal important qualitative details about the temperature coupling and diffusion processes. It is also shown that these sensitivities are valuable for ranking the parameters from most to least influential, designing improved experiments, and quantifying uncertainty in the simulation results. Lastly, the numerical examples show that these various types of sensitivity analysis are only moderately expensive to perform relative to solving the simulation by itself. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Opacities
KW  - Radiation diffusion
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11172285; Lee, Steven L. 1; Email Address: slee@llnl.gov Woodward, Carol S. 1; Email Address: cswoodward@llnl.gov Graziani, Frank 1,2; Email Address: graziani1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: B-Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 192 Issue 1, p211; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Opacities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity analysis; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.07.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gogoladze, Ilia
AU  - Mimura, Yukihiro
AU  - Nandi, S.
AU  - Tobe, Kazuhiro
T1  - Test of gauge-Yukawa unification
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/11/20/
VL  - 575
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Recently it has been proposed that, in the framework of quantum field theory, both the Standard Model gauge and Yukawa interactions arise from a single gauge interaction in higher dimensions with supersymmetry. This leads to the unification of the Standard Model gauge couplings and the third family Yukawa couplings at the GUT scale. In this Letter, we make a detailed study of this unification using the current experimental data, and find a good agreement in a significant region of the parameter space. Similar relations, required in finite grand unification models, are also studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11252195; Gogoladze, Ilia 1; Email Address: ilia@hep.phy.okstate.edu Mimura, Yukihiro 2; Email Address: mimura2y@uregina.ca Nandi, S. 1,3; Email Address: shaown@okstate.edu Tobe, Kazuhiro 4,5; Email Address: ktobe@umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-3072, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  4: MCTP, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 575 Issue 1/2, p66; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.09.051
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alfonso, Dominic R.
AU  - Cugini, Anthony V.
AU  - Sholl, David S.
T1  - Density functional theory studies of sulfur binding on Pd, Cu and Ag and their alloys
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/11/20/
VL  - 546
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We present gradient corrected density functional theory calculations on the adsorption of sulfur on pure Pd(1 1 1), Cu(1 1 1) and Ag(1 1 1) surfaces as well as on PdCu3(1 1 1), Pd3Cu(1 1 1), PdCu(1 1 0), PdAg3(1 1 1) and Pd3Ag(1 1 1) surfaces. Sulfur forms strong bonds with all the surfaces and favors hollow sites in every case. The binding energies on the pure metals show considerable variation and follow the trend: <f>Ebind(Pd(1 1 1))>Ebind(Cu(1 1 1))>Ebind(Ag(1 1 1))</f>. On the alloy surfaces, the adsorption energies in general are weaker in comparison to adsorption on the Pd(1 1 1) surface but the reduction in binding is not large. The strong interaction of sulfur with these surfaces arises from rehybridization of the p-states of the adsorbate with the substrate sp- and d-bands. We confirm that there is nearly a linear correlation between the binding energies of S on similar adsorption sites and the d-band center of surface atoms whose structure remain close to their bulk-truncated position. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - Adatoms
KW  - Alloys
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - Metallic surfaces
KW  - Sulphur
KW  - Surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.)
N1  - Accession Number: 11174680; Alfonso, Dominic R. 1,2; Email Address: alfonso@netl.doe.gov Cugini, Anthony V. 1 Sholl, David S. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  2: Parsons Project Services, Inc., South Park, PA 15129, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 546 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adatoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulphur; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.053
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jonathan Carl Boettger
T1  - Spin-polarized fully relativistic linear combinations of Gaussian-type orbitals calculations for fcc plutonium  (This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy.).
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 95
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 380
EP  - 386
SN  - 00207608
AB  - The magnetic ordering of plutonium (Pu) in its fcc structure δ-phase is investigated using the fully relativistic linear combinations of Gaussian-type orbitals—fitting function (LCGTO-FF) method, within the generalized-gradient approximation to density functional theory. Three types of collinear spin orderings were considered: ferromagnetic, with spins aligned in the (001) direction; and two antiferromagnetic (001)-layer structures, with spins aligned either perpendicular to each plane (001) or parallel to each plane (100). For each ordering, the total energy and spin moment were calculated with and without spin-orbit coupling included. In both cases, the ground state is predicted to be antiferromagnetic. Adding spin-orbit coupling acts to stabilize the (001) orientation relative to the (100) orientation. At zero pressure, the antiferromagnetic (001) state is bound relative to the nonmagnetic state by roughly 40 mRy per atom. The zero-pressure lattice constant obtained here for the antiferromagnetic (001) state (8.69 bohr) is in substantially better agreement with the measured lattice constant (8.80 bohr) than is the nonmagnetic lattice constant (8.12 bohr). © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
N1  - Accession Number: 20436134; Jonathan Carl Boettger 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 95 Issue 4/5, p380; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - X.-G. Zhang
AU  - P. S. Krstić
T1  - Generalized tight-binding approach for molecular electronics modeling.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 95
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 394
EP  - 403
SN  - 00207608
AB  - We discuss a generalized tight-binding approach for transport calculations in molecular electronics. The parameters of the tight-binding model are directly calculated from ab initio quantum chemistry calculations for a molecular tunneling device. A Green's function approach based on the Caroli formula is used to calculate the transport properties. Our approach is unique in that it readily separates contributions to the total tunneling current from individual Bloch eigenstates (transverse electronic modes or channels) of the electrodes, thus providing a powerful tool in understanding how tunneling is affected by the electronic structure of the electrodes and molecule. The tight-binding model also allows us to show that the placement of the Fermi energy in the electrodes can change the tunneling conductance by orders of magnitude. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 20436150; X.-G. Zhang 1,2 P. S. Krstić 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6114  2: Center for Materials for Information Technology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0209; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 95 Issue 4/5, p394; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - P. Lambin
AU  - G. I. Márk
AU  - V. Meunier
AU  - L. P. Biró
T1  - Computation of STM images of carbon nanotubes.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 95
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
EP  - 503
SN  - 00207608
AB  - Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is the only probing technique that allows for the investigation of both the topography and the electronic structure of carbon nanosystems at a subnanometer resolution. The interpretation of the STM images of carbon nanostructures involves complications that are normally absent in the study of planar crystalline surfaces. The complications typically appear from a number of quantum effects responsible for distortions in the microscope image of a nano-object. Because of these difficulties, computer simulation plays an extremely important role in the analysis of experimental data. In the current article, we report on two theoretical approaches developed for aiding in the interpretation and understanding of the formation of the STM image of a nanotube: first, the quantum mechanical dynamics of a wave packet, which allows for the modeling of the flow of the tunneling current between a tip and a nanotube supported by a substrate; and, second, a tight-binding perturbation theory that allows for the explicit calculation of realistic STM images and scanning tunneling spectra of carbon nanostructures. An atlas of computed STM images is provided for a series of 27 single-wall nanotubes with diameter around 1.3 nm. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
N1  - Accession Number: 20436133; P. Lambin 1 G. I. Márk 2 V. Meunier 3 L. P. Biró 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de physique du solide, FUNDP, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, B5000 Namur, Belgium  2: Research Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Budapest, Hungary  3: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 95 Issue 4/5, p493; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keenan, F. P.
AU  - Katsiyannis, A. C.
AU  - Reid, R. H. G.
AU  - Pradhan, A. K.
AU  - Zhang, H. L.
AU  - Widing, K. G.
T1  - Extreme ultraviolet emission lines of Ar  xiv in solar active region and flare spectra.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 346
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 58
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - New R-matrix calculations of electron impact excitation rates for transitions among the 2s22p, 2s2p2 and 2p3 levels of Ar  xiv are presented. These data are subsequently used to derive the theoretical electron density diagnostic emission-line intensity ratios and for a range of densities and electron temperatures appropriate to solar transition region and coronal plasmas. A comparison of these diagnostics with observational data for solar active regions and flares, obtained with the Naval Research Laboratory's S082A spectrograph on board Skylab, reveals that the electron densities determined from are in good agreement with those estimated from line ratios in Fe  xiv or Fe  xv, which are formed at similar electron temperatures to Ar  xiv. However, there are large discrepancies between densities inferred from the ratio and those from Fe  xiv or Fe  xv, confirming that the Ar  xiv 243.78- and 257.40- Å lines are badly blended with Fe  xv 243.79 Å and Fe  xiv 257.38 Å, respectively. Hence, cannot be employed as a density diagnostic, in contrast to , which does provide reliable estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - SUN -- Active regions
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - DENSITY wave theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11351396; Keenan, F. P. 1; Email Address: F.Keenan@qub.ac.uk Katsiyannis, A. C. 1 Reid, R. H. G. 2 Pradhan, A. K. 3 Zhang, H. L. 4 Widing, K. G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Queen's University, Belfast  2: Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoritical Physics, Queen's University, Belfast  3: Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA  4: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  5: E.O. Hulburt Center for Spaace Research, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, USA; Source Info: 11/21/2003, Vol. 346 Issue 1, p58; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: SUN -- Active regions; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: DENSITY wave theory; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07075.x
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fretwurst, E.
AU  - Lindström, G.
AU  - Stahl, J.
AU  - Pintilie, I.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Kierstead, J.
AU  - Verbitskaya, E.
AU  - Röder, R.
T1  - Bulk damage effects in standard and oxygen-enriched silicon detectors induced by 60Co-gamma radiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 514
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The influence of oxygen in silicon on bulk damage effects induced by 60Co-gamma irradiation has been studied in a dose range between 0.2 and 900 Mrad. The detector processing and oxygen enrichment were carried out in a common project by the Institute of Micro-sensors CiS using n-type high-resistivity FZ silicon (3–6 kΩ cm) with 〈1 1 1〉 and 〈1 0 0〉 orientation. Different oxygen concentrations were achieved by diffusion at 1150°C for 24, 48 and 72 h. This report on bulk damage effects is focussed on the observed changes in the reverse current, the effective space charge density <f>Neff</f> extracted from <f>C/V</f> measurements and investigations using the transient current technique. A substantial improvement of radiation hardness concerning the development of the macroscopic properties was found for detectors manufactured on oxygenated material compared to standard material. It will be demonstrated that the change of the effective space charge density as well as the increase of the reverse current can be attributed to the creation of two deep acceptor levels and a shallow donor level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - 61.80.Ed
KW  - 60Co-gamma radiation
KW  - Defects
KW  - Oxygen in silicon
KW  - Radiation damage
KW  - Silicon detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 11425674; Fretwurst, E. 1; Email Address: eckhart.fretwurst@desy.de Lindström, G. 1 Stahl, J. 1 Pintilie, I. 1,2 Li, Z. 3 Kierstead, J. 3 Verbitskaya, E. 4 Röder, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany  2: National Institute of Material Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, P.O. Box MG-7, Romania  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  5: CiS Institute for Microsensors, 99099 Erfurt, Germany; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 514 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.80.Ed; Author-Supplied Keyword: 60Co-gamma radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen in silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.077
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Verbitskaya, E.
AU  - Fretwurst, E.
AU  - Kierstead, J.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Ilyashenko, I.
AU  - Röder, R.
AU  - Wilburn, C.
T1  - Paradoxes of steady-state and pulse operational mode characteristics of silicon detectors irradiated by ultra-high doses of γ-rays
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 514
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Detectors processed from standard and oxygenated Si are compared with respect to radiation hardness to ultra-high dose of γ-rays up to 1.76 Grad. The detectors are processed by different manufactures: Silicon Detector Development and Processing Lab (SDDPL) of BNL (USA), CIS (Germany) and Micron Semiconductor (UK). Oxygenation was performed either by using High Temperature, Long Time (HTLT) oxidation in oxygen-based ambient, or by short-time high-temperature oxidation in O2 followed by a long-time drive-in diffusion in N2. It has been shown that radiation hardness improvement in oxygenated detectors irradiated by γ-rays actually extends now up to ultra-high dose of 1.76 Grad. Effects of space charge sign inversion (SCSI) and linear build-up of negative space charge with γ-ray dose have been observed in standard Si detectors, similar to the case of neutron/proton irradiation. In contrast to standard Si in detectors, it has been revealed that in oxygenated Si detectors, positive space charge is accumulated with increasing dose up to 1.76 Grad with no SCSI (“positive space charge detectors”), which is unique for γ-irradiation. The advantage for using oxygenated Si detectors, as compared to standard Si detectors in practical applications in the ultra-high dose range of 1–1.76 Grad, has been demonstrated in terms of the profit in the reduction of full depletion voltage by a factor of 3–4, and in the reduction of leakage current by a factor of 3.2–5. In the pulse operational mode, however, polarization effect has been observed for oxygenated detectors irradiated to this ultra-high dose range of 1–1.76 Grad at room temperature, indicating the upper dose limit for a “damageless” oxygenated Si detector is about 1 Grad. The fact that this polarization occurs at RT is a paradox, since for other types of radiations it occurs only at cryogenic temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - HYPERBARIC oxygenation
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - γ
KW  - -ray radiation
KW  - Carrier trapping
KW  - Oxygen in silicon
KW  - Polarization
KW  - Radiation hardness
KW  - Silicon detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 11425677; Li, Z. 1; Email Address: zlengl@bnl.gov Verbitskaya, E. 2 Fretwurst, E. 3 Kierstead, J. 1 Eremin, V. 2 Ilyashenko, I. 2 Röder, R. 4 Wilburn, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  2: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia  3: Institute for Experimental Physics, Hamburg University, Germany  4: CiS Institute for Microsensors, Germany  5: Micron Semiconductor, UK; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 514 Issue 1-3, p25; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: HYPERBARIC oxygenation; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: -ray radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carrier trapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen in silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.080
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Verbitskaya, E.
AU  - Abreu, M.
AU  - Anbinderis, P.
AU  - Anbinderis, T.
AU  - D'Ambrosio, N.
AU  - de Boer, W.
AU  - Borchi, E.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Bruzzi, M.
AU  - Buontempo, S.
AU  - Casagrande, L.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Cindro, V.
AU  - Dezillie, B.
AU  - Dierlamm, A.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Gaubas, E.
AU  - Gorbatenko, V.
AU  - Granata, V.
AU  - Grigoriev, E.
T1  - The effect of charge collection recovery in silicon p–n junction detectors irradiated by different particles
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 514
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The recovery of the charge collection efficiency (CCE) at low temperatures, the so-called ”Lazarus effect”, was studied in Si detectors irradiated by fast reactor neutrons, by protons of medium and high energy, by pions and by gamma-rays. The experimental results show that the Lazarus effect is observed: (a) after all types of irradiation; (b) before and after space charge sign inversion; (c) only in detectors that are biased at voltages resulting in partial depletion at room temperature. The experimental temperature dependence of the CCE for proton-irradiated detectors shows non-monotonic behaviour with a maximum at a temperature defined as the CCE recovery temperature. The model of the effect for proton-irradiated detectors agrees well with that developed earlier for detectors irradiated by neutrons. The same midgap acceptor-type and donor-type levels are responsible for the Lazarus effect in detectors irradiated by neutrons and by protons. A new, abnormal “zigzag”-shaped temperature dependence of the CCE was observed for detectors irradiated by all particles (neutrons, protons and pions) and by an ultra-high dose of <f>γ</f>-rays, when operating at low bias voltages. This effect is explained in the framework of the double-peak electric field distribution model for heavily irradiated detectors. The redistribution of the space charge region depth between the depleted regions adjacent to <f>p+</f> and <f>n+</f> contacts is responsible for the “zigzag”- shaped curves. It is shown that the CCE recovery temperature increases with reverse bias in all detectors, regardless of the type of radiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PIONS
KW  - Carrier trapping
KW  - Charge collection efficiency
KW  - Electric field distribution
KW  - Radiation hardness
KW  - Silicon detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 11425680; Verbitskaya, E. 1; Email Address: elena.verbitskaya@pop.ioffe.rssi.ru Abreu, M. 2 Anbinderis, P. 3 Anbinderis, T. 3 D'Ambrosio, N. 4 de Boer, W. 5 Borchi, E. 6 Borer, K. 7 Bruzzi, M. 6 Buontempo, S. 4 Casagrande, L. 8 Chen, W. 9 Cindro, V. 10 Dezillie, B. 9 Dierlamm, A. 5 Eremin, V. 1 Gaubas, E. 3 Gorbatenko, V. 3 Granata, V. 11 Grigoriev, E. 5,12; Affiliation:  1: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  2: LIP, Av. E. Garcia, Lisbon P-1000, Portugal  3: University of Vilnius, Institute of Materials Science and Applied Research, Vilnius 2040, Lithuania  4: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá “Federico II” and INFN, Napoli I-80125, Italy  5: IEKP University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe D-76128, Germany  6: Dipartimento di Energetica, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze I-50139, Italy  7: Laboratorium für Hochenergiephysik der Universität Bern, Sidlerstarsse 5, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland  8: CERN, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland  9: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  10: Jozef Stefan Institute, Exp. Particle Physics Dep., P.O. Box 3000, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia  11: Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK  12: Department de Radiologie, Universite de Geneve, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 514 Issue 1-3, p47; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carrier trapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge collection efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric field distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.083
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tesarek, R.J.
AU  - D'Auria, S.
AU  - Hocker, A.
AU  - Kordas, K.
AU  - McGimpsey, S.
AU  - Worm, S.
T1  - A measurement of the radiation environment in the CDF tracking volume
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 514
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present direct measurements of the spatial distribution of charged particle and photon radiation and radiation from low energy neutrons <f>(En<200 keV)</f> inside the tracking volume of the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). Two types of thermal luminescent dosimeters are used for these measurements. Data collected from exposures with different accelerator conditions allow us to separate the radiation fields into contributions from proton beam losses and from proton–antiproton collisions. Using a simple model of a power law in <f>1/r</f>, where <f>r</f> is the distance from the beam axis, we find the power depends on the distance from the interaction point along the beam axis with the range 1.5–2.0. Predictions based on this model show good qualitative agreement with initial measurements of the leakage currents in the low radius silicon detectors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - Ionizing radiations
KW  - Non-ionizing radiations
KW  - Radiation effects on instruments
KW  - Radiation fields
KW  - Radiation measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 11425704; Tesarek, R.J. 1; Email Address: tesarek@fnal.gov D'Auria, S. 2 Hocker, A. 3 Kordas, K. 4 McGimpsey, S. 1 Worm, S. 5; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 800, UK  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. MS5 1A7, Canada  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 05549, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 514 Issue 1-3, p188; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionizing radiations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-ionizing radiations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects on instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation measurement; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.104
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitch, J. Patrick
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - Imbro, Dennis R.
T1  - Technology Challenges in Responding to Biological orChemical Attacks in the Civilian Sector.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5649
M3  - Article
SP  - 1350
EP  - 1354
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Increasingly sophisticated technologies are needed for counterterrorism responses to biological and chemical warfare agents. Recently developed detection and identification systems are characterized by increased sensitivity, greater automation, and fewer false alarms. Attempts are also under way to reduce the cost and complexity of field-deployable systems. A broad range of decontamination reagents for equipment and personnel is emerging, but decontamination of large buildings, inaccessible spaces, and sensitive equipment remains problematic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COUNTERTERRORISM
KW  - BIOLOGICAL warfare
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare
KW  - AUTOMATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11547075; Fitch, J. Patrick 1; Email Address: fitch2@llnl.gov (J.P.F.) Raber, Ellen 2; Email Address: raber1@llnl.gov (E.R.) Imbro, Dennis R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nonproliferation, Arms Control, and International Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.  2: Environmental Protection Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 11/21/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5649, p1350; Subject Term: COUNTERTERRORISM; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL warfare; Subject Term: CHEMICAL warfare; Subject Term: AUTOMATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4821
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matamala, Roser
AU  - Gonzàlez-Meler, Miquel A.
AU  - Jastrow, Julie D.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Schlesinger, William H.
T1  - Impacts of Fine Root Turnover on Forest NPP and Soil CSequestration Potential.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/11/21/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5649
M3  - Article
SP  - 1385
EP  - 1387
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Estimates of forest net primary production (NPP) demand accurate estimates of root production and turnover. We assessed root turnover with the use of an isotope tracer in two forest free-air carbon dioxide enrichment experiments. Growth at elevated carbon dioxide did not accelerate root turnover in either the pine or the hardwood forest. Turnover of fine root carbon varied from 1.2 to 9 years, depending on root diameter and dominant tree species. These long turnover times suggest that root production and turnover in forests have been overestimated and that sequestration of anthropogenic atmospheric carbon in forest soils may be lower than currently estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - FOREST soils
KW  - PINE
N1  - Accession Number: 11547085; Matamala, Roser 1; Email Address: matamala@anl.gov Gonzàlez-Meler, Miquel A. 2 Jastrow, Julie D. 1 Norby, Richard J. 3 Schlesinger, William H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL 60607, USA.  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.  4: Nicholas School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.; Source Info: 11/21/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5649, p1385; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: FOREST soils; Subject Term: PINE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2847
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heske, C.
AU  - Groh, U.
AU  - Fuchs, O.
AU  - Weinhardt, L.
AU  - Umbach, E.
AU  - Schedel-Niedrig, Th.
AU  - Fischer, Ch.-H.
AU  - Lux-Steiner, M.Ch.
AU  - Zweigart, S.
AU  - Niesen, T. P.
AU  - Karg, F.
AU  - Denlinger, J. D.
AU  - Rude, B.
AU  - Andrus, C.
AU  - Powell, F.
T1  - Monitoring chemical reactions at a liquid–solid interface: Water on CuIn(S,Se)[sub 2] thin film solar cell absorbers.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 10467
EP  - 10470
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The chemical and electronic structure of the interface between liquid water and a CuIn(S,Se)[sub 2] thin film surface was studied with synchrotron-based, high energy-resolution soft x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). By probing the local environment around the sulfur atoms, an x-ray-induced sulfate formation at the CuIn(S,Se)[sub 2] surface can be monitored, correlated with a substantial enhancement of sodium impurity atoms from the CuIn(S,Se)[sub 2] film and its glass substrate. The results demonstrate that, with XES, an experimental probe is available to in situ study chemical reactions at liquid–solid interfaces or at surfaces in a high-pressure gas environment in a chemically sensitive and atom-specific way. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - EXPERIMENTS
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - COPPER compounds
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SOLID-liquid interfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 11833469; Heske, C. 1; Email Address: heske@physik.uni-wuerzburg.de Groh, U. 1 Fuchs, O. 1 Weinhardt, L. 1 Umbach, E. 1 Schedel-Niedrig, Th. 2 Fischer, Ch.-H. 2 Lux-Steiner, M.Ch. 2 Zweigart, S. 3 Niesen, T. P. 3 Karg, F. 3 Denlinger, J. D. 4 Rude, B. 4 Andrus, C. 5 Powell, F. 5; Affiliation:  1: Experimentelle Physik II, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany  2: Hahn-Meitner-Institut, Glienicker Str. 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  3: Shell Solar GmbH, D-81739 München, Germany.  4: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  5: Luxel Corporation, Friday Harbor, Washington 98250; Source Info: 11/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 20, p10467; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: COPPER compounds; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SOLID-liquid interfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627328
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ping Liu
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
T1  - Interaction of sulfur dioxide with titanium–carbide nanoparticles and surfaces: A density functional study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 10895
EP  - 10903
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - In the control of environmental pollution, metal carbides are potentially useful for trapping and destroying sulfur dioxide (SO[sub 2]). In the present study, the density functional theory was employed to study the surface structures and electronic properties of the adsorbed SO[sub 2] on titanium carbides: metcar Ti[sub 8]C[sub 12], nanocrystal Ti[sub 14]C[sub 13], and a bulk TiC(001) surface. The geometries and orientations of SO[sub 2] were fully optimized on all these substrates. Our calculations show that, in spite of the high C/Ti ratio and C[sub 2] groups, metcar Ti[sub 8]C[sub 12] exhibits extremely high activity towards SO[sub 2]. The S–O bonds of SO[sub 2] spontaneously break on Ti[sub 8]C[sub 12]. The products of the decomposition reaction (S, O) interact simultaneously with Ti and C sites. The C atoms are not simple spectators, and their participation in the dissociation of SO[sub 2] is a key element for the energetics of this process. Nanocrystal Ti[sub 14]C[sub 13] also displays a strong interaction with SO[sub 2]. Although the dissociation of SO[sub 2] on Ti[sub 14]C[sub 13] cannot proceed as easily as that on Ti[sub 8]C[sub 12], it could occur by thermal activation even at very low temperature. SO[sub 2] is weakly bonded with the bulk TiC(001) surface. By thermal activation the dissociation of SO[sub 2] on a TiC(001) surface may also take place but it should be much more difficult than that on Ti[sub 14]C[sub 13]. Therefore, we suggest that the carbide nanoparticles (Ti[sub 8]C[sub 12] and Ti[sub 14]C[sub 13]) should have special chemical activity towards SO[sub 2] removal associated with their “magic” structures. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SULFUR dioxide
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - TITANIUM carbide
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - GASES -- Absorption & adsorption
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11833422; Ping Liu 1 Rodriguez, José A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 11/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 20, p10895; Subject Term: SULFUR dioxide; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: TITANIUM carbide; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: GASES -- Absorption & adsorption; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619945
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yousung Jung
AU  - Yihan Shao
AU  - Gordon, Mark S.
AU  - Doren, Douglas J.
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - Are both symmetric and buckled dimers on Si(100) minima? Density functional and multireference perturbation theory calculations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/11/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 10917
EP  - 10923
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report a spin-unrestricted density functional theory (DFT) solution at the symmetric dimer structure for cluster models of Si(100). With this solution, it is shown that the symmetric structure is a minimum on the DFT potential energy surface, although higher in energy than the buckled structure. In restricted DFT calculations the symmetric structure is a saddle point connecting the two buckled minima. To further assess the effects of electron correlation on the relative energies of symmetric versus buckled dimers on Si(100), multireference second order perturbation theory (MRMP2) calculations are performed on these DFT optimized minima. The symmetric structure is predicted to be lower in energy than the buckled structure via MRMP2, while the reverse order is found by DFT. The implications for recent experimental interpretations are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - LINEAR free energy relationship
N1  - Accession Number: 11833419; Yousung Jung 1,2 Yihan Shao 1,2 Gordon, Mark S. 3 Doren, Douglas J. 4 Head-Gordon, Martin 1,2; Email Address: mhg@bastille.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Department of Chemistry; Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 50011.  4: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716.; Source Info: 11/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 20, p10917; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: LINEAR free energy relationship; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1620994
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirata
AU  - S.
AU  - Zhan
AU  - C.-G.
AU  - Apra
AU  - E.
AU  - Windus
AU  - T. L.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
T1  - A New, Self-Contained Asymptotic Correction Scheme To Exchange-Correlation Potentials for Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/11/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 10154
EP  - 10158
SN  - 10895639
AB  - By combining the asymptotic correction scheme of Casida and Salahub for exchange-correlation potentials and the phenomenological linear correlation between experimental ionization potentials and highest occupied Kohn-Sham (KS) orbital energies found by Zhan, Nichols, and Dixon, we propose a new, expedient, and self-contained asymptotic correction to exchange-correlation potentials in KS density functional theory (DFT) for use in time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) that does not require an ionization potential as an external parameter from a separate calculation. The asymptotically corrected (TD)DFT method is implemented in the quantum chemistry program suite NWChem for both sequential and massively parallel execution. The asymptotic correction scheme combined with the B3LYP functional [B3LYP(AC)] is shown to be well balanced for both valence- and Rydberg-type transitions, with average errors in excitation energies of CO, N2, CH2O, and C2H4 being smaller than those of uncorrected BLYP and B3LYP TDDFT by factors of 4 and 2, respectively, consistent with the improved orbital energies found for B3LYP(AC). We demonstrate the general applicability and accuracy of the method for the Rydberg excited states of mono- to tetrafluorinated methanes, the valence and Rydberg excited states of benzene, and the Q, B, N, and L band positions of free-base porphin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR free energy relationship
KW  - PHENOMENOLOGY
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 11618829; Hirata S. 1 Zhan C.-G. 1 Apra E. 1 Windus T. L. 1 Dixon D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 47, p10154; Subject Term: LINEAR free energy relationship; Subject Term: PHENOMENOLOGY; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matranga
AU  - C.
AU  - Chen
AU  - L.
AU  - Smith
AU  - M.
AU  - Bittner
AU  - E.
AU  - Johnson
AU  - J. K.
AU  - Bockrath
AU  - B.
T1  - Trapped CO2 in Carbon Nanotube Bundles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/11/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 12930
EP  - 12941
SN  - 15206106
AB  - An infrared spectroscopic study of CO2 that becomes permanently trapped in carbon nanotube bundles during thermolysis is reported. The temperature dependence of the ν3 modes for trapped CO2 is studied with two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy. Computer simulations are used to extract the basic physics of trapped CO2 and to make qualitative connections with changes seen in the infrared spectra. Experimental and simulated CO2 adsorption studies point to a sequential filling of adsorption sites in opened nanotubes with interstitial sites preceding endohedral sites. The limited number of sites available to the trapped CO2 species is used to facilitate a tentative assignment of vibrational peaks to specific sites in the nanotube bundles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TEMPERATURE control
N1  - Accession Number: 11587453; Matranga C. 1 Chen L. 1 Smith M. 1 Bittner E. 1 Johnson J. K. 1 Bockrath B. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236 and Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 47, p12930; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilcoxon
AU  - J. P.
AU  - Provencio
AU  - P.
T1  - Etching and Aging Effects in Nanosize Au Clusters Investigated Using High-Resolution Size-Exclusion Chromatography.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/11/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 12949
EP  - 12957
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report experiments using high-resolution size exclusion chromatography (HRSEC), dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the effects of aging of Au nanoclusters in the presence of surfactant ligands. We first describe our observations of the role of thiols as etchants to produce clusters in a micelle-free synthesis by reduction of a metal-organic precursor. Clusters with large abundances are identified using HRSEC, and their sizes and optical properties are reported. The smallest, Dc~ 1 nm molecular sized Au clusters, with approximately 1 closed atomic shell, N ~ 13 atoms, have nonclassical features in their room temperature absorbance spectra. The other dominant sub-populations also correspond closely to closed-shell structural stabilities. We show that, contrary to the expectation that aging in solution will always broaden the size dispersion and increase the average size (Ostwald ripening), a narrowing of the size dispersion and change in average size can occur with time under ambient conditions. In the presence of various chain length alkanethiols, an etching and size decrease usually occurs; in the case of weakly bound alkylated poly(ethylene oxide) surfactants, an increase in size with time is observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEL permeation chromatography
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11587455; Wilcoxon J. P. 1 Provencio P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nanostructures and Advanced Materials Chemistry, Department 1122, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1421; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 47, p12949; Subject Term: GEL permeation chromatography; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang
AU  - W.
AU  - Wilder
AU  - J. W.
AU  - Smith
AU  - D. H.
T1  - Methane Hydrate-Ice Equilibria in Porous Media.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/11/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 13084
EP  - 13089
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Reported in this work are equilibrium pressures for the dissociation of methane hydrate confined in silica gel pores of nominal radii 7.5, 5.0, 3.0, or 2.0 nm. Also reported are equilibrium pressures for a sample containing a mixture of silica gel with nominal radii of 7.5 and 3.0 nm. Each of these porous media contained a broad distribution of pore radii. At higher temperatures, where the equilibria involved hydrate and liquid water, the pressures were larger than those for bulk hydrate at the corresponding temperature, and in general increased with a decrease in nominal pore radius. At lower temperatures where the equilibria involved ice, the pressures were identical (within expected experimental uncertainties) for all of the silica gels, and were the same as those reported in the literature for bulk methane hydrate. The independence of the equilibrium pressure from pore size at lower temperatures (where the equilibrium involved ice) indicates that for temperatures below the quadruple point temperature of the smallest hydrate containing pore, there is no detectable effect on the equilibrium pressure due to the restricted geometries of the porous media. This result suggests (1) that the interface relevant to the decomposition of hydrate in silica gel pores is that between the hydrate and the aqueous phase, as suggested by Henry et al.,1 and either (2a) that within experimental error the surface energy between the hydrate and the aqueous phase can be approximated by that between ice and the appropriate aqueous phase or (2b) that cosθ for the contact angle of the hydrate-ice interface silica gel is approximately zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANE
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - SILICA
N1  - Accession Number: 11587472; Zhang W. 1 Wilder J. W. 1 Smith D. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Parsons Infrastructure and Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia 26507-0880, Department of Mathematics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6310, and Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 107 Issue 47, p13084; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: SILICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Peng
AU  - Väinolää, Hele
AU  - Istratov, Andrei A.
AU  - Weber, Eicke R.
T1  - Thermal stability of internal gettering of iron in silicon and its impact on optimization of gettering.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 83
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4324
EP  - 4326
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The redissolution behavior of gettered iron was studied in p-type Czochralski-grown silicon with a doping level of 2.5×10[sup 14] cm[sup -3] and an oxide precipitate density of 5×10[sup 9] cm[sup -3]. The concentrations of interstitial iron and iron–boron pairs were measured by deep level transient spectroscopy. It was found that the dependence of redissolved iron concentration on annealing time can be fitted by the function C(t)=C[sub 0][1-exp(-t/τ[sub diss])], and the dissolution rate τ[sub diss][sup -1] has an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence of τ[sub diss][sup -1]=4.01×10[sup 4]×exp[-(1.47±0.10) eV/k[sub B]T] s[sup -1]. Based on this empirical equation, we predict how stable the gettered iron is during different annealing sequences and discuss implications for optimization of internal gettering. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - IRON
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11447624; Zhang, Peng 1; Email Address: pzhang@lbl.gov Väinolää, Hele 1 Istratov, Andrei A. 1 Weber, Eicke R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of  California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory, MS  62R0203, 1 Cyclotron  Road  Berkeley  California 94720.; Source Info: 11/24/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 21, p4324; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630158
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stach, Eric A.
AU  - Radmilovic, Velimir
AU  - Deshpande, Devesh
AU  - Malshe, Ajay
AU  - Alexander, Dennis
AU  - Doerr, David
T1  - Nanoscale surface and subsurface defects induced in lithium niobate by a femtosecond laser.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 83
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4420
EP  - 4422
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In this letter, electron and ion microscopy techniques have been used to characterize the changes that result when single crystals of lithium niobate are processed using a focused femtosecond laser. The prevailing observation is that of competing processes—ablation and partial redeposition, thermal shock, and extreme quenching, as well as effects associated with shock wave propagation, resulting in both amorphization and heavily defective regions at the focal point of the laser pulse. The observed microstructural defects have a direct implication in optical memory or waveguide writing, where the goal is to realize consistent structural features with uniform optical properties. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - LITHIUM niobate
KW  - OPTICAL properties
N1  - Accession Number: 11447592; Stach, Eric A. 1 Radmilovic, Velimir 1 Deshpande, Devesh 2 Malshe, Ajay 2; Email Address: apm2@engr.uark.edu Alexander, Dennis 3 Doerr, David 3; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM), Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory  Berkeley, California 94720.  2: SERC for Durable Micro and Nano Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas,  Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701.  3: Center for Electro-Optics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0511.; Source Info: 11/24/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 21, p4420; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: LITHIUM niobate; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1629797
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kesapragada, S.V.
AU  - Bhaduri, S.B.
AU  - Bhaduri, S.
AU  - Singh, P.
T1  - Densification of LSGM electrolytes using activated microwave sintering
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 124
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Lanthanum gallate doped with alkaline rare earths (LSGM) powders were densified using an activated microwave sintering process for developing a dense stable electrolyte layer for applications in intermediate temperature-solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). Due to heat generation in situ, the process of sintering gets activated with faster kinetics compared to a conventional sintering process. The effect of various microwave process parameters on the microstructure and phase formation was studied. The sintered pellets were characterized using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive analysis (SEM-EDAX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The density of LSGM pellets microwave sintered at 1350 °C for 20 min is greater than 95% theoretical density with a fine grained microstructure (∼2–3 μm) and without the presence of other phase(s). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)
KW  - Sr- and Mg-doped lanthanum gallate (LSGM)
KW  - Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)
N1  - Accession Number: 11466730; Kesapragada, S.V. 1 Bhaduri, S.B. 2 Bhaduri, S. 2; Email Address: bhaduri@clemson.edu Singh, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA  2: Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 124 Issue 2, p499; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs); Author-Supplied Keyword: Sr- and Mg-doped lanthanum gallate (LSGM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.06.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaghib, K.
AU  - Song, X.
AU  - Guerfi, A.
AU  - Kostecki, R.
AU  - Kinoshita, K.
T1  - Effect of particle morphology on lithium intercalation rates in natural graphite
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 124
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 505
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The intercalation rate of Li+-ions in flake natural graphite (two-dimensional) with particle size from 2 to 40 μm and sphere-like graphite (three-dimensional), 12 to 40 μm in particle size, was investigated. The amount of Li+ ions that intercalate at different rates was determined from measurement of the reversible capacity during de-intercalation in 1 M LiClO4/1:1 (volume ratio) ethylene carbonate—dimethyl carbonate. The key issues in this study are the role of the particle size and fraction of edge sites on the rate of intercalation and de-intercalation of Li+ ions. At low specific current (15.5 mA/g carbon), the composition of lithiated graphite approaches the theoretical value, <F>x=1</F> in LixC6, except for the natural graphite with the largest particle size. However, x decreases with an increase in specific current for all particle sizes. This trend suggests that slow solid-state diffusion of Li+ ions limits the intercalation capacity in graphite. The 3D natural graphite with a particle size of 12 μm may provide the optimum combination of reversible capacity and irreversible capacity loss in the electrolyte and discharge rates used in this study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLATHRATE compounds
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - Lithium intercalation
KW  - Natural graphite
KW  - Particle size
N1  - Accession Number: 11466731; Zaghib, K. 1; Email Address: karimz@ireq.ca Song, X. 2 Guerfi, A. 1 Kostecki, R. 2 Kinoshita, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec (IREQ), 1800 boul, Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Qué., Canada J3X 1S1  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 124 Issue 2, p505; Subject Term: CLATHRATE compounds; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium intercalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle size; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00801-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, S.-H.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Synthesis and electrochemical properties of layer-structured 0.5Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O2–0.5Li(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2 solid mixture
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 124
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A 1:1 mixture of electrochemically active Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O2 and electrochemically inactive Li(Li1/3Mn2/3)O2, i.e. Li(Li0.17Ni0.25Mn0.58)O2, has been synthesized by a sol–gel method. The mixture was calcined at 900 °C in air for 24 h and cooled at three different rates: quenched into liquid nitrogen, 2 °C/min, and 0.5 °C/min. It was found that the crystallographic structure and electrochemical properties of Li(Li0.17Ni0.25Mn0.58)O2 highly depend on the cooling rate. The sample quenched into liquid nitrogen exhibited a long irreversible plateau at ca. 4.5 V during the first charge, and the discharge capacity gradually increased from 170 to 210 mAh/g after 40 cycles. The samples cooled at slower rates exhibited more monoclinic character and cubic spinel phase was observed; they showed no plateaus at 4.5 V during the first charge and the discharge capacities also gradually increased from 80 and 55 mAh/g to 130 and 85 mAh/g for 2 and 0.5 °C/min-cooled samples, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Layered structure
KW  - Li(Li,Ni,Mn)O2
KW  - Li-ion secondary batteries
KW  - Quenching
N1  - Accession Number: 11466735; Kang, S.-H.; Email Address: kangs@cmt.anl.gov Amine, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 124 Issue 2, p533; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li(Li,Ni,Mn)O2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion secondary batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quenching; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00804-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bloom, Ira
AU  - Jones, Scott A.
AU  - Battaglia, Vincent S.
AU  - Henriksen, Gary L.
AU  - Christophersen, Jon P.
AU  - Wright, Randy B.
AU  - Ho, Chinh D.
AU  - Belt, Jeffrey R.
AU  - Motloch, Chester G.
T1  - Effect of cathode composition on capacity fade, impedance rise and power fade in high-power, lithium-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 124
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 538
SN  - 03787753
AB  - We tested the effect of Al concentration on the performance of lithium-ion cells. One set of cells contained a LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode and the other, LiNi0.8Co0.10Al0.10O2. The cells were calendar- and cycle-life tested at several temperatures, with periodic interruptions for reference performance tests that were used to gauge capacity and power fade as a function of time.The C1/25 capacity fade in the cells displayed t1/2 dependence. The capacity fade of the 10% Al-doped cells tested at 45 °C was similar to that of the 5% Al-doped cells at 25 °C. The impedance rise and power fade were also sensitive to the Al concentration. For the one common temperature investigated (i.e., 45 °C), the 10% Al-doped cells displayed higher impedance rise and power fade than the 5% Al-doped cells. Additionally, the time dependence of the impedance rise displayed two distinct kinetic regimes; the initial portion depended on t1/2 and the final, on t. On the other hand, the 10% Al-doped cells depended on t1/2 only. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - Capacity fade
KW  - Impedance rise
KW  - Power fade
N1  - Accession Number: 11466736; Bloom, Ira 1; Email Address: bloom@cmt.anl.gov Jones, Scott A. 1 Battaglia, Vincent S. 1 Henriksen, Gary L. 1 Christophersen, Jon P. 2 Wright, Randy B. 2 Ho, Chinh D. 2 Belt, Jeffrey R. 2 Motloch, Chester G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 124 Issue 2, p538; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacity fade; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance rise; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power fade; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00806-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gambino, Paolo
AU  - Gorbahn, Martin
AU  - Haisch, Ulrich
T1  - Anomalous dimension matrix for radiative and rare semileptonic <f>B</f> decays up to three loops
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 673
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 238
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We compute the complete <f>O(αs2)</f> anomalous dimension matrix relevant for the <f>b→sγ</f>, <f>b→sg</f> and <f>b→sℓ+ℓ−</f> transitions in the standard model and some of its extensions. For radiative decays we confirm the results of Misiak and Mu¨nz, and of Chetyrkin, Misiak and Mu¨nz. The <f>O(αs2)</f> mixing of four-quark into semileptonic operators is instead a new result and represents one of the last missing ingredients of the next-to-next-to-leading-order analysis of rare semileptonic <f>B</f> meson decays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DECAY
KW  - 12.38.Bx
N1  - Accession Number: 11174856; Gambino, Paolo 1; Email Address: paolo.gambino@cern.ch Gorbahn, Martin 2 Haisch, Ulrich 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneve 23, Switzerland  2: Physik Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany  3: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 673 Issue 1/2, p238; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DECAY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.38.Bx; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.09.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi, Dae-Il
AU  - Wu, Biao
T1  - To detect the looped Bloch bands of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattices
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 318
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 558
SN  - 03759601
AB  - A loop structure was predicted to exist in the Bloch bands of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattices recently in [Phys. Rev. A 61 (2000) 023402]. We discuss how to detect experimentally the looped band with an accelerating optical lattice through extensive and realistic numerical simulations. We find that the loop can be detected through observing either nonlinear Landau–Zener tunneling or destruction of Bloch oscillations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLOCH constant
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11321991; Choi, Dae-Il 1,2; Email Address: choi@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov Wu, Biao 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Universities Space Research Association, 7501 Forbes Boulevard, #206, Seabrook, MD 20706, USA  2: Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  3: Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA  4: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6032, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 318 Issue 6, p558; Subject Term: BLOCH constant; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.09.066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11321991&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berman, G.P.
AU  - Gorshkov, V.N.
AU  - Tsifrinovich, V.I.
T1  - Random spin signal in magnetic resonance force microscopy
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 318
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 584
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We study a random magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) signal caused by the thermal vibrations of high frequency cantilever modes in the oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversals (OSCAR) technique. We show that the regular MRFM signal with a characteristic decay time, <f>τm</f>, is followed by a non-dissipative random signal with a characteristic time <f>τr</f>. We present the estimates for the values of <f>τm</f> and <f>τr</f>. We argue that this random MRFM signal can be used for spin detection. It has a “signature” of a sharp peak in its Fourier spectrum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance force microscopy
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ADIABATIC demagnetization
N1  - Accession Number: 11321996; Berman, G.P. 1; Email Address: gpb@lanl.gov Gorshkov, V.N. 1,2 Tsifrinovich, V.I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA  3: IDS Department, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 318 Issue 6, p584; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance force microscopy; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ADIABATIC demagnetization; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.09.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallagher, M.C.
AU  - Fyfield, M.S.
AU  - Bumm, L.A.
AU  - Cowin, J.P.
AU  - Joyce, S.A.
T1  - Structure of ultrathin MgO films on Mo(001)
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/11/24/
VL  - 445
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 90
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We have studied the structure of ultrathin MgO films grown on a single crystal Mo(001) surface. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) were used to investigate the effect of substrate temperature and oxygen partial pressure on the growth and morphology of these films. LEED indicates the growth of (100) films with MgO 〈110〉 directions oriented along 〈100〉 directions of the substrate. Despite the insulating nature of bulk MgO, films up to 25-A˚ thick are sufficiently conducting to perform STM measurements. STM reveals Mg deposition in an oxygen ambient at substrate temperatures from 300 to 900 K produces uniform films. Films as thick as eight atomic layers typically have only three layers exposed. These films consist of small domains between 20 and 60 A˚ in diameter. The domain shapes are random and the perimeters show no preferred orientation. In contrast, films grown at temperatures in excess of 1000 K exhibit larger three-dimensional MgO islands (Volmer–Weber growth). Steps on these high temperature films orient preferentially along thermodynamically favored MgO 〈100〉 directions. STM images of films deposited at high temperature exhibit a checkerboard pattern. The dimensions and symmetry of this pattern are consistent with the coincidence arising from the mismatch of the MgO(100) and Mo(001) lattice. Annealing room temperature deposited films results in island coalescence and produces uniform films with domains in excess of 100 A˚. The perimeters of these domains are oriented along MgO 〈100〉 directions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - LOW energy electron diffraction
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Magnesium oxides
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Surface defects
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Topography
N1  - Accession Number: 11251787; Gallagher, M.C.; Email Address: mark.gallagher@lakeheadu.ca Fyfield, M.S. Bumm, L.A. Cowin, J.P. 1 Joyce, S.A.; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 445 Issue 1, p90; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: LOW energy electron diffraction; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Topography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.09.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11251787&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romig Jr, A.D.
AU  - Dugger, Michael T.
AU  - McWhorter, Paul J.
T1  - Materials issues in microelectromechanical devices: science, engineering, manufacturability and reliability
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 51
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5837
SN  - 13596454
AB  - MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) technology offers considerable potential throughout the manufacturing sector, because of certain intrinsic advantages in terms of low cost, reliability, and small size. Relatively simple MEMS are used in applications ranging from automobile air bag sensors to electronic games. Considerably more complex devices have been designed for defense applications, for which government funding is available; however, the fledgling industry suffers from insufficient knowledge of materials physics at micrometer size and from the fact that currently commercialized MEMS devices are designed for specialized and rather disparate purposes, do not have a broad user base, and therefore have not generated industry standards or the design and process software that would be built upon those industry standards. In addition to industry standards, further advances in MEMS technology require a more complete understanding of the physics underlying performance and reliability. The first half of this paper reviews general issues related to fabrication and commercialization; the second half addresses the technical materials issues that relate to MEMS performance and reliability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - RELIABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - ADHESION
KW  - MECHANICAL wear
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - COMMERCIALIZATION
KW  - Adhesion
KW  - Friction
KW  - Manufacturability
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Micromachines
KW  - Reliability
KW  - Stiction
KW  - Wear
N1  - Accession Number: 11172930; Romig Jr, A.D. 1; Email Address: adromig@sandia.gov Dugger, Michael T. 1 McWhorter, Paul J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0513, USA  2: MEMX, Inc., 5600 Wyoming NE, Suite 20, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 51 Issue 19, p5837; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Engineering); Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: ADHESION; Subject Term: MECHANICAL wear; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: COMMERCIALIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adhesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manufacturability; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micromachines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reliability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stiction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00440-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiles, D.C.
T1  - Recent advances and future directions in magnetic materials
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 51
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5907
SN  - 13596454
AB  - This paper reviews recent developments in four important categories of magnetic materials that are currently of topical interest: soft magnets, hard magnets, magnetomechanical and magnetoelectronic materials. For each category the various properties of prime interest are discussed, how these differ from one class to another, and how these properties can be controlled. Recent developments in materials are highlighted through the consideration of a few selected new magnetic materials which are at the leading edge of current research, including: amorphous magnetic fibers, nanocrystalline permanent magnet materials, ferromagnetic shape memory alloys and spintronic materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - MAGNETOSTRICTION
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - SHAPE memory alloys
KW  - SPINTRONICS
KW  - Hard magnets
KW  - Magnetic properties
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Magnetostriction
KW  - Soft magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 11172933; Jiles, D.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Engineering Physics Division, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 51 Issue 19, p5907; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTRICTION; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: SHAPE memory alloys; Subject Term: SPINTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetostriction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft magnets; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11172933&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hibbard, Walter R.
AU  - Fullman, Robert L.
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., Karl A.
T1  - Acta Metallurgica, Inc./Acta Materialia, Inc. 1953–2002
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 51
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 6007
SN  - 13596454
N1  - Accession Number: 11172938; Hibbard, Walter R. 1 Fullman, Robert L. 2 Gschneidner Jr., Karl A. 3; Email Address: cagey@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: 301 Royal Caribbean Court, Saint Augustine, FL 32080, USA  2: 1710 Jamaica Way, #206, Punta Gorda, FL 33950, USA  3: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 255 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 51 Issue 19, p6007; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00439-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11172938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gubernatis, J.E.
T1  - The Heritage.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 690
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - I present some early history of Los Alamos, modern computing, and the Monte Carlo method to describe the likely context in which the Metropolis algorithm was developed and to support the special creativity of the development. I also note the scant immediate use of the algorithm over the 10 to 15 years after its development and speculate why. This sparse use however did include many seminal applications and led to many of the techniques still used today. This is the heritage enjoyed by us who today unhesitatingly use the Metropolis algorithm and the Monte Carlo method more generally, for exploring the properties of physical systems. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11301746; Gubernatis, J.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 690 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632111
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gubernatis, J.E.
T1  - Editor’s Note to “Proof of Validity of Monte Carlo Method for Canonical Averaging” by Marshall Rosenbluth.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 690
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In a previous article [J. Phys. Chem. 21: 1087 (1953)] a prescription was given for moving from point to point in the configuration space of a system in such a way that averaging over many moves is equivalent to a canonical averaging over configuration space. The prescription is suitable for electronic machine calculations and provides the basis for calculations described elsewhere. The purpose of this paper is to provide a more rigorous proof of the method. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AVERAGING method (Differential equations)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 11301744; Gubernatis, J.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 690 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: AVERAGING method (Differential equations); Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632113
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11301744&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, William W.
T1  - A Brief History of the Use of the Metropolis Method at LANL in the 1950s.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 690
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A personal view of the use of the Metropolis Algorithm in statistical mechanics calculations at Los Alamos during the 1950s will be presented, based on [1] and [2]. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - STATISTICAL mechanics
KW  - LOS Alamos (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11301742; Wood, William W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 690 Issue 1, p39; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: STATISTICAL mechanics; Subject Term: LOS Alamos (N.M.); Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632115
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11301742&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creutz, Michael
T1  - The Early Days of Lattice Gauge Theory.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 690
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 52
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - I discuss some of the historical circumstances that drove us to use the lattice as a non-perturbative regulator. This approach has had immense success, convincingly demonstrating quark confinement and obtaining crucial properties of the strong interactions from first principles. I wrap up with some challenges for the future. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - QUARK confinement
N1  - Accession Number: 11301740; Creutz, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 690 Issue 1, p52; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: QUARK confinement; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632117
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11301740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, Rajan
T1  - Simulating a Fundamental Theory of Nature.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 690
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This talk presents a brief overview of Lattice QCD and its promise for providing quantitative predictions that will allow validation of the standard model of elementary particles. Some of its successes as well as challenges for the future are highlighted. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11301735; Gupta, Rajan 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 690 Issue 1, p110; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632122
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlos, J.
AU  - Chang, S.-Y.
AU  - Pandharipande, V.R.
AU  - Schmidt, K.E.
T1  - Dilute Fermi Gases with Large Scattering Lengths: Atomic Gases and Neutron Matter.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 690
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Dilute Fermi gases with large scattering lengths are intriguing physical systems which are just now becoming accessible in laboratory experiments with cold trapped atoms. Their properties are closely related to those of the dilute neutron-rich matter which may be present in the surface of neutron stars. Fermi systems with such strong short-range attractive forces lie between traditional BCS theories with small gaps and those where the fermions are tightly bound into pairs, yielding composite bosons. We discuss the Quantum Monte Carlo methods used to study such systems, and report results for the ground-state energy, the superfluid gap, and other properties. In particular, we compare results with those of neutron matter at subnuclear densities. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 11301729; Carlos, J. 1 Chang, S.-Y. 2 Pandharipande, V.R. 2 Schmidt, K.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinos at Urbana-Champaign, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 690 Issue 1, p184; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632128
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11301729&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
AU  - Kalos, Malvin H.
AU  - Lester Jr., William A.
T1  - Fermion Monte Carlo Study of the Beryllium Atom.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 690
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Most quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods for electronic structure encounter a “sign problem” for which the most common solution is to apply the fixed-node approximation. An extensive body of work by several authors has shown that this approach is very effective, but the fixed-node error cannot be estimated a priori. An exact Monte Carlo method for Fermions has been recently proposed by Kalos and Pederiva, and extended to molecular systems by Kalos and Hood. As a test, we apply the approach to Be. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11301706; Aspuru-Guzik, Alán 1 Kalos, Malvin H. 2 Lester Jr., William A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 690 Issue 1, p371; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: FERMIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632151
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, Dong Hae
AU  - Nguyen, Henry Huy
AU  - Jancarik, Jaru
AU  - Yokota, Hisao
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hou
T1  - Crystal Structure of NusA from Thermotoga Maritima and Functional  Implication of the N-Terminal Domain.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 42
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 13429
EP  - 13437
SN  - 00062960
AB  - We report the crystal structure of N-utilizing substance A protein (NusA) from Thermotoga maritima (TmNusA), a protein involved in transcriptional pausing, termination, and antitermination. TmNusA has an elongated rod-shaped structure consisting of an N-terminal domain (NTD, residues 1-132) and three RNA binding domains (RBD). The NTD consists of two subdomains, the globular head and the helical body domains, that comprise a unique three-dimensional structure that may be important for interacting with RNA polymerase. The globular head domain possesses a high content of negatively charged residues that may interact with the positively charged flaplike domain of RNA polymerase. The helical body domain is composed of a three-helix bundle that forms a hydrophobic core with the aid of two neighboring β-strands. This domain shows structural similarity with one of the helical domains of σ[sup70] factor from Escherichia coli. One side of the molecular surface shows positive electrostatic potential suitable for nonspecific RNA interaction. The RBD is composed of one S1 domain and two K-homology (KH) domains forming an elongated RNA binding surface. Structural comparison between TmNusA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis NusA reveals a possible hinge motion between NTD and RBD. In addition, a functional implication of the NTD in its interaction with RNA polymerase is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11783113; Shin, Dong Hae 1 Nguyen, Henry Huy 1,2 Jancarik, Jaru 3 Yokota, Hisao 1 Kim, Rosalind 1 Kim, Sung-Hou 1,3; Email Address: SHKim@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  94720.  2: Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley,  California 94720.  3: Departments of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,  California 94720.; Source Info: 11/25/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 46, p13429; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, E. T.
AU  - Nagarajan, V.
AU  - Zazubovich, V.
AU  - Riley, K.
AU  - Small, G. J.
AU  - Parson, W. W.
T1  - Effects of Ionizable Residues on the Absorption Spectrum and Initial Electron-Transfer Kinetics in the Photosynthetic Reaction Center of Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 42
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 13673
EP  - 13683
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Effects of ionizable amino acids on spectroscopic properties and electron-transfer kinetics in the photosynthetic reaction center (RC) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides are investigated by site-directed mutations designed to alter the electrostatic environment of the bacteriochlorophyll dimer that serves as the photochemical electron donor (P). Arginine residues at homologous positions in the L and M subunits (L135 and M164) are changed independently: Arg L135 is replaced by Lys, Leu, Glu, and Gin and Arg M164 by Leu and Glu. Asp L155 also is mutated to Asn, Tyr L164 to Phe, and Cys L247 to Lys and Asp. The mutations at L155, L164, and M164 have little effect on the absorption spectrum, whereas those at L135 and L247 shift the long-wavelength absorption band of P to higher energies. Fits to the groundstate absorption and hole-burned spectra indicate that the blue shift and increased width of the absorption band in the L135 mutants are due partly to changes in the distribution of energies for the zero-phonon absorption line and partly to stronger electron-phonon coupling. The initial electron-transfer kinetics are not changed significantly in most of the mutants, but the time constant increases from 3.0 ± 0.2 in wild-type RCs to 4.7 ± 0.2 in C(L247)D and 7.0 ± 0.3 ps in C(L247)K. The effects of the mutations on the solvation free energies of the product of the initial electron-transfer reaction (P[sup+]B[sup-, subL]) and the charge-transfer states that contribute to the absorption spectrum (P[sup+, subL]P[sup-, subM] and P[sup-, subL]P[sup+, subM]) were calculated by using a distance-dependent electrostatic screening factor. The results are qualitatively in accord with the view that electrostatic interactions of the bacteriochlorophylls with ionized residues of the protein are strongly screened and make only minor contributions to the energetics and dynamics of charge separation. However, the slowing of electron transfer in the Cys L247 mutants and the blue shift of the spectrum in some of the Arg L135 and Cys L247 mutants cannot be explained consistently by electrostatic interactions of the mutated residues with P and B[subL]; we ascribe these effects tentatively to structural changes caused by the mutations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11783139; Johnson, E. T. 1 Nagarajan, V. 1 Zazubovich, V. 2 Riley, K. 2 Small, G. J. 2 Parson, W. W. 1; Email Address: parsonb@u.washington.edu.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, Box 357350, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington  98195-7350.  2: Ames  Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry,  Iowa State University, Ames,  Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 11/25/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 46, p13673; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherouat, A.
AU  - Saanouni, K.
AU  - Hammi, Y.
T1  - Improvement of forging process of a 3D complex part with respect to damage occurrence
JO  - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
JF  - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 142
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
SN  - 09240136
AB  - This work is devoted to the study of a numerical (FE-based) methodology developed in order to improve the cold 3D forging process with respect to the ductile damage occurrence. This methodology is based on advanced constitutive equations accounting for the “strong” coupling between the elastoplastic behavior, the mixed isotropic and kinematic hardening and the isotropic ductile damage. Both the mechanical and numerical aspects related to the associated initial and boundary values problem (IBVP) are briefly outlined. Application is made to be the cold forging of a 3D part (spider) by studying the influence of the material ductility as well as the friction nature between the part and the die on the damage occurrence. The proposed methodology is shown to be very useful and helpful when dealing with a “virtual” improvement of any forging processes with respect to damage occurrence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - FORGING
KW  - ELASTOPLASTICITY
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - Ductile damage
KW  - Finite elastoplastic strain
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Spider forging
N1  - Accession Number: 10863931; Cherouat, A. 1; Email Address: cherouat@utt.fr Saanouni, K. 1; Email Address: saanouni@utt.fr Hammi, Y. 2; Email Address: yhammi@ca.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of Technology of Troyes, GSM/LASMIS EA 3171, B.P. 2060, 10010 Troyes, France  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9405, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 142 Issue 2, p307; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: FORGING; Subject Term: ELASTOPLASTICITY; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ductile damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite elastoplastic strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spider forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332113 Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332111 Iron and Steel Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332112 Nonferrous Forging; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00580-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stuecker, John N.
AU  - Cesarano III, Joseph
AU  - Hirschfeld, Deidre A.
T1  - Control of the viscous behavior of highly concentrated mullite suspensions for robocasting
JO  - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
JF  - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 142
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 318
SN  - 09240136
AB  - Aqueous-mullite suspensions stabilized with an organic polyelectrolyte dispersant were characterized in terms of settling and rheological behaviors at solids concentrations as high as 60 vol.% (within 3 vol.% of the maximum consolidated density). The suspensions were cast into parts by a solid freeform fabrication technique termed robocasting and qualitatively characterized in terms of build behavior. Sedimentation and viscometry data were interpreted in view of knowledge of the interparticle forces. Through control of suspension pH and counter-ion addition, pseudoplastic mullite suspensions were created for use in the robocasting process. The suspensions were robocast at 52 vol.% solids and dried to yield a consolidated density of 55 vol.%. After firing to 1650 °C, robocast parts were greater than 96% dense. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUSPENSIONS (Chemistry)
KW  - MULLITE
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - Aqueous suspension
KW  - Ceramic
KW  - Freeform fabrication
KW  - Rapid prototyping
KW  - Rheology
KW  - Robocasting
N1  - Accession Number: 10863932; Stuecker, John N. 1 Cesarano III, Joseph 1 Hirschfeld, Deidre A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advances Material Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 142 Issue 2, p318; Subject Term: SUSPENSIONS (Chemistry); Subject Term: MULLITE; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous suspension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Freeform fabrication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rapid prototyping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Robocasting; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00586-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bfenner, David J.
AU  - Doll, Richard
AU  - Goodhead, Dudley T.
AU  - Hall, Eric J.
AU  - Land, Charles E.
AU  - Little, John B.
AU  - Lubin, Jay H.
AU  - Preston, Dale L.
AU  - Prreston, R. Julian
AU  - Puskin, Jerome S.
AU  - Ron, Elaine
AU  - Sachs, Rainer K.
AU  - Samet, Jonathan M.
AU  - Setlow, Richrd B.
AU  - Zaider, Marco
T1  - Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: Assessing what we really know.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 100
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 13761
EP  - 13766
SN  - 00278424
AB  - High doses of ionizing radiation clearly produce deleterious con sequences in humans, including, but not exclusively, cancer induc tion. At very Iow radiation doses the situation is much less clear, but the risks of iow-dose radiation are of societal importance in relation to issues as varied as screening tests for cancer, the future of nuclear power, occupational radiation exposure, frequent-flyer risks, manned space exploration, and radiological terrorism. We review the difficulties involved in quantifying the risks of Iow-dose radiation and address two specific questions. First, what is the lowest dose of x- or γ-radiation for which good evidence exists of increased cancer risks in humans? The epidemiological data suggest that it is ≃10-50 mSv for an acute exposure and &Sime;50-100 mSv for a protracted exposure. Second, what is the most appropriate way to extrapolate such cancer risk estimates to still lower doses? Given that it is supported by experimentally grounded, quantifiable, biophysical arguments, a linear extrapolation of cancer risks from intermediate to very Iow doses currently appears to be the most appropriate methodology. This linearity assumption is not necessarily the most conservative approach, and it is likely that it will result in an underestimate of some radiation-induced cancer risks and an overestimate of others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER -- Risk factors
KW  - CANCER
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - RADIOLOGY
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11916870; Bfenner, David J. 1; Email Address: djb3@columbia.edu Doll, Richard 2 Goodhead, Dudley T. 3 Hall, Eric J. 1 Land, Charles E. 4 Little, John B. 5 Lubin, Jay H. 6 Preston, Dale L. 7 Prreston, R. Julian 8 Puskin, Jerome S. 9 Ron, Elaine 4 Sachs, Rainer K. 10 Samet, Jonathan M. 11 Setlow, Richrd B. 12 Zaider, Marco 13; Affiliation:  1: Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York.  2: Clinical Trials Service Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX 6ME, United Kingdom.  3: Radiation and Genome Stability Unit, Medical Research Council, Oxfordshire, united kingdom.  4: Rediation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.  5: Laboratory of Readiobiology, Harvard School of Public health, Boston, MA 02115.  6: Biostatistics Branch, national Cancer Institute, Rockville.  7: Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan.  8: Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.  9: Office of Radition and Indoor Air, Environemental protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460.  10: Department of Matematics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  11: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.  12: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.  13: Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New york, NY 10021.; Source Info: 11/25/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 24, p13761; Subject Term: CANCER -- Risk factors; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.2235592100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - García, Angel E.
AU  - Onuchic, José N.
T1  - Folding a protein in a computer: An atomic description of the folding/unfolding of protein A.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 100
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 13898
EP  - 13903
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We study the folding mechanism of a three-helix bundle protein at atomic resolution, including effects of explicit water. Using replica exchange molecular dynamics we perform enough sampling over a wide range of temperatures to obtain the free energy, entropy, and enthalpy surfaces as a function of structural reaction coordinates. Simulations were started from different configurations covering the folded and unfolded states. Because many transitions between all minima at the free energy surface are observed, a quantitative determination of the free energy barriers and the ensemble of configurations associated with them is now possible. The kinetic bottlenecks for folding can be determined from the thermal ensembles of structures on the free energy barriers, provided the kinetically determined transition-state ensembles are similar to those determined from free energy barriers. A mechanism incorporating the interplay among backbone ordering, side- chain packing, and desolvation arises from these calculations. Large θ values arise not only from native contacts, which mostly form at the transition state, but also from contacts already present in the unfolded state that are partially destroyed at the transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - PROTEIN conformation
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - ENTHALPY
N1  - Accession Number: 11916893; García, Angel E. 1; Email Address: axg@lanl.gov Onuchic, José N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, T10 MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  2: Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, University of California at San Diego, LaJolla, CA 92093-0374.; Source Info: 11/25/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 24, p13898; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: PROTEIN conformation; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.2335541100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hagan, Michael F.
AU  - Dinner, Aaron R.
AU  - Chandler, David
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup K.
T1  - Atomistic understanding of kinetic pathways for single base-pair binding and unbinding in DNA.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 100
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 13922
EP  - 13927
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We combine free-energy calculations and molecular dynamics to elucidate a mechanism for DNA base-pair binding and unbinding in atomic detail. Specifically, transition-path sampling is used to overcome computational limitations associated with conventional techniques to harvest many trajectories for the flipping of a terminal cytosine in a 3-bp oligomer in explicit water. Comparison with free-energy projections obtained with umbrella sampling reveals four coordinates that separate true dynamic transition states from stable reactant and product states. Unbinding proceeds via two qualitatively different pathways: one in which the flipping base breaks its intramolecular hydrogen bonds before it unstacks and another in which it ruptures both sets of interactions simultaneously. Both on- and off-pathway intermediates are observed. The relation of the results to coarse-grained models for DNA-based biosensors is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - SURFACE energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11916897; Hagan, Michael F. 1 Dinner, Aaron R. 2 Chandler, David 2; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu Chakraborty, Arup K. 1,2,3,4; Email Address: chandler@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering.  2: Department of Chemistry.  3: Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  4: Physical Biosciences Division and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 11/25/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 24, p13922; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.2036378100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nymeyer, Hugh
AU  - García, Angel E.
T1  - Simulation of the folding equilibrium of α-helical peptides: A comparison of the generalized Born approximation with explicit solvent.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/11/25/
VL  - 100
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 13934
EP  - 13939
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We compare simulations using the generalized Born/surface area (GB/SA) implicit solvent model with simulations using explicit solvent (transferable intermolecular potential 3 point, TIP3P) to test the GB/SA algorithm. We use the replica exchange molecular dynamics method to sample the conformational phase space of two α-helical peptides, A[sub21] and the F[subs1], by using two different classical potentials and both water models. We find that when using GB/SA: (i) A[sub21] is predicted to be more helical than the F[subs] peptide ar all temperatures; (ii) the native structure of the F[subs] peptide is predicted to be a helical bundle instead of a single helix; and (iii) the persistence length and most probable end-to-end distance are too large in the unfolded state when compared against the explicit solvent simulations. We find that the potential of mean force in the ψφ plane is markedly different in the two solvents, making the two simulated peptides respond differently when the backbone torsions are perturbed. A fit of the temperature melting curves obtained in these simulations to a Lifson-Roig model finds that the GB/SA model has an unphysically large nucleation parameter, whereas the explicit solvent model produces values similar to experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 11916899; Nymeyer, Hugh 1 García, Angel E. 1; Email Address: axg@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T10 MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 11/25/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 24, p13934; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.2232868100
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, Na
AU  - Ostroverkhov, Victor
AU  - Lagugné-Labarthet, François
AU  - Yuen-Ron Shen
T1  - Surface Vibrational Spectroscopy on Shear-Aligned Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Films.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/11/26/
VL  - 125
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 14218
EP  - 14219
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents a study related to surface vibrational spectroscopy on shear-aligned teflon or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which was conducted as of November 26, 2003. Teflon or polytetrafluoroethylene is well-known for its remarkable surface properties. Recently, it was found that highly oriented PTFE thin films could be rubbed onto a substrate by shearing a hot piece of PTFE. They can be used as, templates to orient biological molecules, organic films, and crystals, as well as polymers deposited on them. Various mechanisms such as epitaxy, graphoepitaxy and topographical induction have been proposed to explain the surface-induced ordering effect. Clearly, for basic understanding of the effect, one needs to know the surface structure if the films at the molecular level.
KW  - POLYTEF
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - FLUOROCARBONS
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11776991; Ji, Na 1,2 Ostroverkhov, Victor 2 Lagugné-Labarthet, François 1,2 Yuen-Ron Shen 1,2; Email Address: shenyr@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley.  2: Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 11/26/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 47, p14218; Subject Term: POLYTEF; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: FLUOROCARBONS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nishiyama, Yoshiharu
AU  - Sugiyama, Junji
AU  - Chanzy, Henri
AU  - Langan, Paul
T1  - Crystal Structure and Hydrogen Bonding System  In   cellulose  Iα from Synchrotron X-ray and Neutron Fiber Diffraction.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/11/26/
VL  - 125
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 14300
EP  - 14306
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The crystal and molecular structure, together with the hydrogen-bonding system in cellulose l[sub&alfa;] has been determined using atomic-resolution synchrotron and neutron diffraction data recorded from oriented fibrous samples prepared by aligning cellulose microcrystals from the cell wall of the freshwater alga Glaucocystis nostochinearum. The X-ray data were used to determine the C and O atom positions. The resulting structure is a one-chain triclinic unit cell with all glucosyl linkages and hydroxymethyl groups (tg) identical. However, adjacent sugar rings alternate in conformation giving the chain a cellobiosyl repeat. The chains organize in sheets packed in a "parallel-up" fashion. The positions of hydrogen atoms involved in hydrogen-bonding were determined from a Fourier-difference analysis using neutron diffraction data collected from hydrogenated and deuterated samples. The differences between the structure and hydrogen-bonding reported here for cellulose l[sub&alfa;] and previously for cellulose l[subβ] provide potential explanations for the solid-state conversion of l[sub&alfa;] → l[subβ] and for the occurrence of two crystal phases in naturally occurring cellulose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLULOSE -- Chemistry
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11777032; Nishiyama, Yoshiharu 1 Sugiyama, Junji 2 Chanzy, Henri 3 Langan, Paul 4; Email Address: Iangan_paul@IanI.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of  Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and  Life Science, the University of Tokyo, Yayoi  1-1-1,  Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo  113,  Japan.  2: Wood Research Institute, Kyoto  University,  .Uji, Kyoto  611-0011, Japan.  3: Centre de Recherches sur  les Macromolécules  Végétales,  CNRS, Joseph Fourier University of Grenoble, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.  4: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 11/26/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 47, p14300; Subject Term: CELLULOSE -- Chemistry; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berry, Edward A.
AU  - Huang, Li-shar
T1  - Observations concerning the quinol oxidation site of the cytochrome bc1 complex
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/27/
VL  - 555
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 00145793
AB  - A direct hydrogen bond between ubiquinone/quinol bound at the QO site and a cluster-ligand histidine of the iron–sulfur protein (ISP) is described as a major determining factor explaining much experimental data on position of the ISP ectodomain, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) lineshape and midpoint potential of the iron–sulfur cluster, and the mechanism of the bifurcated electron transfer from ubiquinol to the high and low potential chains of the bc1 complex. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROQUINONE
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - cyt., cytochrome
KW  - Cytochrome c
KW  - EPR, electron paramagnetic resonance
KW  - Mechanism
KW  - Membrane protein complex
KW  - Oxidoreductase
KW  - Protein crystal
KW  - QO, quinol oxidation site proposed by protonmotive Q-cycle hypothesis
KW  - Resonance
KW  - Respiratory enzyme
KW  - Structure
KW  - Tautomerism
KW  - Ubiquinone
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 11403175; Berry, Edward A.; Email Address: eaberry@lbl.gov Huang, Li-shar 1; Affiliation:  1: MS 64R121, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 555 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: HYDROQUINONE; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: cyt., cytochrome; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome c; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPR, electron paramagnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane protein complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidoreductase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: QO, quinol oxidation site proposed by protonmotive Q-cycle hypothesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Respiratory enzyme; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tautomerism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ubiquinone; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01099-8
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riad Manaa, M.
T1  - C48N12 and C48B12 as a donor–acceptor pair for molecular electronics
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/11/28/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
SN  - 00092614
AB  - B3LYP/6-31G* calculations show that the most stable structures of C48B12 and C48N12 can still be considered as acceptor and donor, respectively. The rectifier property, however, whose typical characteristic is the energy difference between acceptor, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the donor, highest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level is calculated to be 0.82 eV, several order of magnitude larger than the 0.14 eV value calculated recently for less stable isomers at the same level of theory. This requires the application of a much larger voltage bias for the C48B12 and C48N12 pair to be considered as valid components in molecular electronics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
N1  - Accession Number: 11402551; Riad Manaa, M. 1; Email Address: manaa1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energetic Materials Center, Chemistry and Materials Science, University of California, 7000 East Avenue P.O. Box 808, L-282 Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 382 Issue 1/2, p194; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.10.074
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jarman, Kristin H.
AU  - Daly, Don S.
AU  - Anderson, Kevin K.
AU  - Wahl, Karen L.
T1  - A new approach to automated peak detection
JO  - Chemometrics & Intelligent Laboratory Systems
JF  - Chemometrics & Intelligent Laboratory Systems
Y1  - 2003/11/28/
VL  - 69
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
SN  - 01697439
AB  - Spectral peak detection algorithms are often difficult to automate because they either rely on somewhat arbitrary rules, or are tuned to specific spectral peak properties. One popular approach detects peaks where signal intensities exceed some threshold. This threshold is typically set arbitrarily above the noise level or manually by the user. Intensity threshold-based methods can be sensitive to baseline variations and signal intensity. Another popular peak detection approach relies on matching the spectral intensities to a reference peak shape. This approach can be very sensitive to baseline changes and deviations from the reference peak shape. Such methods can be significantly challenged by modern analytical instrumentation where the baseline tends to drift, peaks of interest may have a low signal to noise (S/N) ratio, and no well-defined reference peak shape is available.We present a new approach for spectral peak detection that is designed to be generic and easily automated. Employing a histogram-based model for spectral intensity, peaks are detected by comparing the estimated variance of observations (the x-axis of the spectrum) to the expected variance when no peak is present inside some window of interest. We compare an implementation of this approach to two existing peak detection algorithms using a series of simulated spectra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemometrics & Intelligent Laboratory Systems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATRIX-assisted laser desorption-ionization
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MALDI mass spectrometry
KW  - Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - Peak detection
KW  - Peak identification
N1  - Accession Number: 11173897; Jarman, Kristin H.; Email Address: Kristin.jarman@pnl.gov Daly, Don S. 1 Anderson, Kevin K. 1 Wahl, Karen L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999/MS K5-12, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 69 Issue 1/2, p61; Subject Term: MATRIX-assisted laser desorption-ionization; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: MALDI mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak identification; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7439(03)00113-8
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tamura, Sanae
AU  - Takeuchi, Ken
AU  - Mao, Guomin
AU  - Csencsits, Roseann
AU  - Fan, Lixin
AU  - Otomo, Toshiya
AU  - Saboungi, Marie-Louise
T1  - Colloidal silver iodide: synthesis by a reverse micelle method and investigation by a small-angle neutron scattering study
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/11/30/
VL  - 559
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 15726657
AB  - Silver iodide nanoparticles were prepared by mixing two microemulsions containing the precursor salts, silver nitrate and potassium iodide. Five values of w=[water]/[surfactant] were used, namely 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the nanoparticle diameters were 4–240 nm and increased proportionally with w. The nanoparticles prepared from a microemulsion of w=2 and 8 showed brown and ocherous colors respectively, while bulk silver iodide powder is pale yellow. The crystal structure was determined by neutron powder diffraction. The composition was estimated to be 25% β-AgI and 75% γ-AgI. The super-ionic conductor phase could not be detected at room temperature. The w=8 microemulsion was examined with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) in order to study the core-shell structure of the reverse micelles at various temperatures. Measurements were carried out at 20 and 9 °C and then at 70 °C and finally at 28 °C, in order to investigate whether the structural changes were reversible with temperature. The total radius of the micelles, surfactant shell thickness and water core radius decreased with increasing temperature and the changes were reversible with temperature. The particle diameters derived by TEM were generally larger than those estimated from the SANS measurements. This suggested that the silver iodide nuclei formed initially grew to reach a certain size, corresponding to the most thermodynamically stable species in the microemulsion, because of the fast exchange between the water cores. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILVER ions
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Nanoparticle
KW  - Reverse micelle method
KW  - Silver iodide
KW  - Small-angle neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 11471719; Tamura, Sanae 1; Email Address: tam@ed.yama.tus.ac.jp Takeuchi, Ken 2 Mao, Guomin 3 Csencsits, Roseann 3 Fan, Lixin 3 Otomo, Toshiya 4 Saboungi, Marie-Louise 3; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo University of Science in Yamaguchi, 1-1-1 Daigaku-dori, Onoda 756-0884, Japan  2: Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 102-1 Tomino, Oshamanbe-town, Yamakoshi-gun 049-3514, Japan  3: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan; Source Info: Nov2003, Vol. 559, p103; Subject Term: SILVER ions; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reverse micelle method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver iodide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle neutron scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-0728(02)01470-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cowan, John A.
AU  - Howard, Judith A.K.
AU  - McIntyre, Garry J.
AU  - Lo, Samuel M.-F.
AU  - Williams, Ian D.
T1  - Variable-temperature neutron diffraction studies of the short, strong N···O hydrogen bonds in the 1:2 co-crystal of benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid and 4,4'-bipyridyl.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section B (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section B (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 59
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 794
EP  - 801
SN  - 01087681
AB  - The 1:2 adduct of benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid and 4,4'-bipyridyl at 100 K has been studied by single-crystal neutron diffraction at 20, 200 and 296 K. The structure contains two short, strong N···O hydrogen bonds: one OH···N hydrogen bond [O···N 2.6104 (17) Å at 20 K] and one short N-H···O hydrogen bond [N···O 2.5220 (17),Å at 20 K]. The N-H distance in the N-H···O hydrogen bond changes from 1.207 (3) Å at 20 K to 1.302 (4) Å at 296 K and the N···O distance increases to 2.5315 (16) Å at 296 K. At 200 K the H atom lies in an intermediate position 1.251 (6) Å from the N atom with an N···O separation of 2.520 (4) Å. The O-H···N hydrogen bond, on the other hand, does not change with temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section B (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 12732796; Cowan, John A. 1,2,3; Email Address: jacowan@anl.gov Howard, Judith A.K. 2 McIntyre, Garry J. 1 Lo, Samuel M.-F. 4 Williams, Ian D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institut Laue-Langevin, France  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, England  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 59 Issue 6, p794; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Baker, Ted
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
T1  - Acta D ten years on.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 59
IS  - 12
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 2051
EP  - 2052
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The year 2003 marks the tenth anniversary of the establishment of "Acta Crystallographica Section D." The December 1, 2003 issue of the journal "Acta Crystallographica Section D," features invited articles from a number of authors who have made significant contributions to biological crystallography. Four articles in the present issue highlight two different aspects of the extraordinary power of crystallography. Two papers show the spectacular way in which crystallography can address the structures of large biological assemblies. Two other papers focus on the chemistry of biological molecules, in one case examining fine atomic detail, in the other providing the chemical and structural basis for a remarkable colour change in biology.
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - ACTA Crystallographica Section D (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 11793494; Baker, Ted 1 Dauter, Zbigniew 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.  2: National Cancer Institute, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Biology Department, Bldg 463, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 59 Issue 12, p2051; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Reviews & Products: ACTA Crystallographica Section D (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Natasha
AU  - Mayhew, Martin
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Héroux, Annie
AU  - Charlton, David
AU  - Holden, Marcia J.
AU  - Gallagher, D. T.
T1  - Crystallization and phasing of alanine dehydrogenase from Archaeoglubus fulgidus.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 59
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2328
EP  - 2331
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Alanine dehydrogenase (AIaDH) from the hyperthermophilic archacon Archaeoglobus fulgidus is a dimer of 35 kDa chains. The archaeal enzyme appears to represent a new class of AlaDH that is not homologous to bacterial AlaDH enzymes, but has close evolutionary links to the broad ornithine cyclodeaminase/μ-crystallin family, which includes human thyroid hormone binding protein. which has 30% sequence identity to the A. fulgidus gene. The enzyme has been cloned, shown to catalyze the NAD-dependent interconversion of alanine and pyruvate and crystallized in several forms. Although the purified protein crystallized readily under many conditions, most of the crystals diffracted weakly or not at all. One polymorph growing in space group P2[SUB1]2[SUB1]2[SUB1] has non-crystallographic symmetry, that becomes crystallographic, changing the space group to P2[SUB1]2[SUB1]2, upon binding iridium or samarium. Before and after derivatization, these crystals diffracted to 2.5 Å using synchrotron radiation. Multiwavelength diffraction data were collected from the non-isomorphous iridium derivative, enabling structure determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - THYROID hormones
KW  - PYRUVATES
KW  - IRIDIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 11795179; Smith, Natasha 1 Mayhew, Martin 2 Robinson, Howard 3 Héroux, Annie 3 Charlton, David 4 Holden, Marcia J. 1 Gallagher, D. T. 1; Email Address: travis.gallagher@nist.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8312, USA.  2: Biocatalytics, Inc., Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  4: Department of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 59 Issue 12, p2328; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: THYROID hormones; Subject Term: PYRUVATES; Subject Term: IRIDIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Colgate, Stirling A.
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Solem, Johndale C.
AU  - Lackner, Klaus
T1  - AN ASTROPHYSICAL BASIS FOR A UNIVERSAL ORIGIN OF LIFE.
JO  - Advances in Complex Systems
JF  - Advances in Complex Systems
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 505
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02195259
AB  - We propose a universal, astrophysically based theory of the origin of life on Earth and on other rocky planets as well. Life is an information system where the information content grows because of selection. It must start with the minimum possible information, or the minimum possible departure from thermodynamic equilibrium. It also requires thermodynamically free energy that is accessible by means of its information content. Hence, for its origin, we look for the most benign circumstance or minimum entropy variations over long times with abundant free energy. The unique location for this condition is the pore space in the first few kilometers of the earth's surface. The free energy is derived from the condensed products of the chemical reactions taking place in the cooling nebula e.g. iron oxides and fixed hydrocarbon, (CH[sub 2])[sub 16] and the benign environment is the thermal and radiation isolation of the earth's crust. We discuss how this environment occurs naturally and universally astrophysically. We then propose several chemical routes to the formation of life with a minimum entropy departure from thermodynamic equilibrium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Complex Systems is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ORIGIN of life
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - STARS
KW  - PLANETS
KW  - Origins of life
KW  - star and planet formation
KW  - thermodynamics and information
N1  - Accession Number: 12185407; Colgate, Stirling A. 1; Email Address: colgate@lanl.gov Rasmussen, Steen 1; Email Address: steen@lanl.gov Solem, Johndale C. 1; Email Address: jxcs@lanl.gov Lackner, Klaus 2; Email Address: kl2010@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA  2: Earth Engineering Center, 918 SW Mudd, 500 West 120 St., Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p487; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ORIGIN of life; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: STARS; Subject Term: PLANETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Origins of life; Author-Supplied Keyword: star and planet formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermodynamics and information; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Busuttil, Rita A.
AU  - Rubio, Miguel
AU  - Dollé, Martijn E. T.
AU  - Campisi, Judith
AU  - Vijg, Jan
T1  - Oxygen accelerates the accumulation of mutations during the senescence and immortalization of murine cells in culture.
JO  - Aging Cell
JF  - Aging Cell
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 294
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14749718
AB  - Oxidative damage is a causal factor in aging and cancer, but it is still not clear how DNA damage, the cellular responses to such damage and its conversion to mutations by misrepair or misreplication contribute to these processes. Using transgenic mice carrying a lacZ mutation reporter, we have previously shown that mutations increase with age in most organs and tissues in vivo. It has also been previously shown that mouse cells respond to oxidative stress, typical of standard culture conditions, by undergoing cellular senescence. To understand better the consequences of oxidative stress, we cultured mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) from lacZ mice under physiological oxygen tension (3%) or the high oxygen tension (20%) associated with standard culture, and determined the frequency and spectrum of mutations. Upon primary culture, the mutation frequency was found to increase approximately three-fold relative to the embryo. The majority of mutations were genome rearrangements. Subsequent culture in 20% oxygen resulted in senescence, followed by spontaneous immortalization. Immortalization was accompanied by an additional three-fold increase in mutations, most of which were G:C to T:A transversions, a signature mutation of oxidative DNA damage. In 3% oxygen, by contrast, MEFs did not senesce and the mutation frequency and spectrum remained similar to primary cultures. These findings demonstrate for the first time the impact of oxidative stress on the genomic integrity of murine cells during senescence and immortalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - AGING
KW  - CANCER
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - TRANSGENIC mice
KW  - OXIDATIVE stress
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - aging
KW  - cancer
KW  - genomic integrity
KW  - oxidative damage
N1  - Accession Number: 11744144; Busuttil, Rita A. 1 Rubio, Miguel 2 Dollé, Martijn E. T. 1,3 Campisi, Judith 2,4 Vijg, Jan 1,5; Email Address: vijg@uthscsa.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sam and Ann Barshop Center for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, STCBM, San Antonio, TX, USA  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Post Office Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands  4: Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, CA, USA  5: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 2 Issue 6, p287; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: TRANSGENIC mice; Subject Term: OXIDATIVE stress; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: genomic integrity; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxidative damage; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1474-9728.2003.00066.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gold, Steven H.
AU  - Kinkead, Allen K.
AU  - Gai, Wei
AU  - Konecny, Richard
AU  - Jing, Chunguang
AU  - Liu, Wanming
AU  - Power, John G.
AU  - Yusof, Zikri M.
T1  - High-Power Tests of X-Band Dielectric-Loaded Accelerating Structures.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 691
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
EP  - 290
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Dielectric-loaded accelerating structures offer the potential of a simple, inexpensive alternative to copper disk-loaded structures for use in high-gradient rf linear accelerators. However, a variety of potential problems must be studied in order to demonstrate this potential, including rf breakdown, joule heating, and gas desorption. A joint Argonne National Laboratory — Naval Research Laboratory program is under way to investigate these issues, using high-power 11.424-GHz radiation from the NRL Magnicon Facility. Recent tests using a copper accelerating tube with an alumina liner have shown no evidence of rf breakdown at up to 5 MW drive power (equivalent to 8 MV/m accelerating gradient). However, substantial absorption of the incident microwave radiation was observed, accompanied by visible light emission from the dielectric surface, indicating the presence of electron multipactor in the tube. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - RADIO frequency modulation
N1  - Accession Number: 11547639; Gold, Steven H. 1 Kinkead, Allen K. 2 Gai, Wei 3 Konecny, Richard 3 Jing, Chunguang 3 Liu, Wanming 3 Power, John G. 3 Yusof, Zikri M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA  2: LET Corporation, Washington, DC, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 691 Issue 1, p282; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: RADIO frequency modulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635129
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsten, B.E.
AU  - Russell, S.J.
AU  - Earley, L.M.
AU  - Potter, J.M.
AU  - Ferguson, P.
AU  - Humphries Jr., S.
T1  - MM-Wave Source Development at Los Alamos.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 691
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 357
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper reports on progress on a high-power mm-wave source concept being pursued at Los Alamos. The concept is based on passing a high-brightness, sheet electron beam through a slow-wave structure created from a vane-loaded waveguide. Component development was conducted with at 10-kV experiment, and design work and fabrication work has been conducted for a demonstration experiment with a 120-kV, 20-A sheet electron beam operating at 95 GHz. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - ELECTRON gun
N1  - Accession Number: 11547628; Carlsten, B.E. 1 Russell, S.J. 1 Earley, L.M. 1 Potter, J.M. 2 Ferguson, P. 3 Humphries Jr., S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM  2: J.P. Accelerator Works, NM  3: MDS Company, CA  4: Field Precision, NM; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 691 Issue 1, p349; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635140
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bish, David L.
AU  - Vaniman, David T.
AU  - Chipera, Steve J.
AU  - Carey, J. William
T1  - The distribution of zeolites and their effects on the performance of a nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, U.S.A.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2003/12//Nov/Dec2003 Part 2
VL  - 88
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1889
EP  - 1902
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Yucca Mountain, Nevada, has been approved by the U.S. Congress as the site of the first high-level radioactive waste repository in the U.S., paving the way for the Department of Energy to submit a license application to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The U.S. concept of a radioactive waste repository involves both engineered (man-made) barriers and geologic barriers to minimize the long-term migration of waste from the repository. The minerals at Yucca Mountain are an integral part of the geologic barrier to the migration of radionuclides, and understanding the distribution of reactive and potentially sorptive minerals is crucial to modeling the long-term performance of the repository. We have determined the three-dimensional distribution of minerals at Yucca Mountain by analyzing a number of drill cores using quantitative X-ray diffraction methods. Clinoptilolite and mordenite are locally abundant in the rhyolitic tuffs in both the unsaturated and saturated zones. They formed by the alteration of glassy rhyolitic tuffs, and their occurrence is stratified, often following the distribution of nonwelded, initially vitric tuffs near and below the water table. Because of their large cation-exchange capacities, these minerals have traditionally been considered to be important in retardation of the migration of cationic radionuclides such as [sup137]Cs and [sup90]Sr. However, analysis of radionuclides that may be contained at Yucca Mountain reveals that, for the most part, the radioactive species of concern are not those that would be readily sorbed by natural zeolites. Although clinoptilolite and mordenite are highly selective for Cs and Sr, the half-lives of these radionuclides (∼30 years) are sufficiently short that the man-made containment at any radioactive waste repository is expected to outlive these radionuclides. The most important radionuclides are thus anionic species and long-lived actinides that often form large, complex aqueous species, both of... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste sites
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - YUCCA Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12103915; Bish, David L. 1; Email Address: bish@indiana.edu Vaniman, David T. 1 Chipera, Steve J. 1 Carey, J. William 1; Affiliation:  1: Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D469, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov/Dec2003 Part 2, Vol. 88 Issue 11/12, p1889; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste sites; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: MINERALOGY; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: YUCCA Mountain (Nev.); Subject Term: NEVADA; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 11 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kukkadapu, Ravi K.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Fredrickson, James K
AU  - Smith, Steven C.
AU  - Dohnalkova, Alice C.
AU  - Russell, Colleen K.
T1  - Transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite under oxic and anoxic conditions.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2003/12//Nov/Dec2003 Part 2
VL  - 88
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1903
EP  - 1914
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Mineralogical transformations of 2-line ferrihydrite were studied under oxic and Fe&sup3+;-reducing conditions to establish the role, if any, of 6-line ferrihydrite ("well" organized ferrihydrite) in the reaction pathway and as a final product. In oxic experiments, concentrated suspensions (0.42 mol/L Fe&sup3+; in 0.1 mol/L NaClO[sub4]) of freshly synthesized 2-line ferrihydrite, with and without 3 % Ni&sup2+;, were aged at an initial pH = 7.2 (unbuffered and unadjusted) and 25 °C for more than three years. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements were performed on the solids after different aging periods. The primary mineralogical products observed were 6-line ferrihydrite and goethite, with minor hematite. Aggregation and crystallization of the 2-line ferrihydrite liberated protons and depressed suspension pH, but coprecipitated Ni&sup2+; retarded this process. The joint, interrelated effects of Ni and pH influenced both the extent of conversion of 2-line ferrihydrite and the identity of the major transformation products. Six-line ferrihydrite dominated in the Ni ferrihydrite suspension, whereas goethite dominated in the absence of Ni. Aggregation-induced crystallization of 2-line ferrihydrite particles seemed responsible for 6-line ferrihydrite formation. Mineralogical changes to Ni ferrihydrite under anaerobic conditions were investigated at circumneutral pH using the Fe&sup3+;-reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens. Residual 6-line ferrihydrite dominated bioreduced samples that also contained goethite and magnetite. The conversion of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite was considerably more rapid under anaerobic conditions. The sorption of biogenic Fe&sup2+; apparently induced intra-aggregate transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite. Collectively, abiotic and biotic studies indicated that 6-line ferrihydrite can be a transformation product of 2-line ferrihydrite,... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - MINERALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12103916; Kukkadapu, Ravi K. 1; Email Address: ravi.kukkadapu@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Fredrickson, James K 1 Smith, Steven C. 1 Dohnalkova, Alice C. 1 Russell, Colleen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov/Dec2003 Part 2, Vol. 88 Issue 11/12, p1903; Subject Term: MINERALOGY; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: MINERALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wooyong Um, Michael F.
AU  - Papelis, Charalambos
T1  - Sorption mechanisms of Sr and Pb on zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada test site as a function of pH and ionic strength.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2003/12//Nov/Dec2003 Part 2
VL  - 88
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2028
EP  - 2039
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - The sorption of Sr&sup2+; and Pb&sup2+; on zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada Test Site (NTS) was investigated using macroscopic batch sorption experiments and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) asaction of geochemical parameters, including pH, ionic strength, and type of background electrolyte. The sorption of Sr&sup2+; is dependent on the ionic strength of the medium and independent of pH, suggesting that Sr&sup2+; sorption is controlled by ion exchange at permanent charge sites. At higher ionic strengths, background electrolyte cations compete effectively with Sr&sup2+; for cation-exchange sites and Sr&sup2+; sorption is suppressed. At the two lower ionic strengths (0.01 and 0.1 M), Pb&sup2+; sorption is also consistent with adsorption by cation exchange. At the highest ionic strength (1.0 M), however, exclusion of Pb&sup2+; from cation-exchange sites resulted in pH dependent adsorption, consistent with sorption on amphoteric surface hydroxyl sites or formation of surface precipitates. XAS was used to test these hypotheses. Based on XAS data, Sr&sup2+; formed hydrated surface complexes coordinated with approximately eight O atoms at an average distance of 2.60 (± 0.02) Å, regardless of conditions, consistent with the formation of mononuclear, outer-sphere surface complexes at the Ca2 site in the B channel of clinoptilolite. The coordination environment of sorbed Pb&sup2+; was more complex and a function of pH and ionic strength. The first shell consisted of two to three O atoms at an average distance of 2.20 (±0.02) Å. At low pH and ionic strength, XAS data were consistent with Pb&sup2+; adsorption at the Na1 and Ca2 cation exchange sites in channels A and B of clinoptilolite, respectively. At the highest ionic strength (1.0 M) and low pH, XAS provide evidence for formation of Pb&sup2+; monodentate, corner-sharing inner-sphere complexes, whereas at higher pH, XAS analysis is consistent with formation of edge-sharing bidentate... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NEVADA Test Site (Nev.)
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12103930; Wooyong Um, Michael F. 1,2; Email Address: wooyong.um@pnl.gov Papelis, Charalambos 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada 89119, U.S.A.  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov/Dec2003 Part 2, Vol. 88 Issue 11/12, p2028; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MINERALOGY; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NEVADA Test Site (Nev.); Subject Term: NEVADA; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coriu, Daniel
AU  - Dispenzieri, Angela
AU  - Stevens, Fred J.
AU  - Murphy, Charles L.
AU  - Shuching Wang
AU  - Weiss, Deborah T.
AU  - Solomon, Alan
T1  - Hepatic amyloidosis resulting from deposition of the apolipoprotein A-I variant Leu75Pro.
JO  - Amyloid
JF  - Amyloid
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 223
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13506129
AB  - Apolipoprotein A-I amyloidosis (AApo A-I) is an inherited systemic disease that results from pathologic deposition in tissues of fibrils composed of Apo A-I-related molecules. This disorder has been linked to mutations occurring within the coding region of the Apo A-I gene and heretofore, nine such variants had been described. Recently, a tenth alteration was found in an Italian population where the substitution of proline for leucine at position 75 (Leu75Pro) was associated with amyloid deposits in the liver. We now report our studies on a patient of different ethnicity who has hepatic amyloidosis and a similar mutation in the amyloidogenic precursor protein, as evidenced from analyses of genomic Apo A-I-encoding DNA. Additionally, fibrils extracted from the liver and characterized chemically were found lo be composed almosi exclusively of a ∼96 residue N-terminal Apo A-I fragment that contained the Leu75Pro substitution. RFLP analyses revealed that the patient was heterozygous for this mutation; however. < 10% of the plasma Apo A-I consisted of the aberrant protein while the remainder had the normal (wild-type) sequence. Our findings provide further evidence that the Leu75Pro variant is associated with a predominant hepatic phenotype and can occur in individuals of diverse ethnic backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Amyloid is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMYLOIDOSIS
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - SURGERY
KW  - PROTEIN metabolism disorders
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ETHNICITY
KW  - amyloidosis
KW  - Apolipoprotein A-1
KW  - hepatic amyloid
KW  - mass spectrometry
KW  - variant gene
N1  - Accession Number: 16126023; Coriu, Daniel 1 Dispenzieri, Angela 2 Stevens, Fred J. 3 Murphy, Charles L. 4 Shuching Wang 4 Weiss, Deborah T. 4 Solomon, Alan 4; Email Address: asolomon@mc.utmck.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of Medicine "Carol Davila," Bucharest, Romania.  2: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.  4: Human Immunology and Cancer Program, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 10 Issue 4, p215; Subject Term: AMYLOIDOSIS; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: SURGERY; Subject Term: PROTEIN metabolism disorders; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: ETHNICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: amyloidosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apolipoprotein A-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: hepatic amyloid; Author-Supplied Keyword: mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: variant gene; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tabb, David L.
AU  - Saraf, Anita
AU  - Yates III., John R.
T1  - GutenTag: High-Throughput Sequence Tagging via an Empirically Derived Fragmentation Model.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 6415
EP  - 6421
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Shotgun proteomics is a powerful tool for identifying the protein content of complex mixtures via liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The most widely used class of algorithms for analyzing mass spectra of pepfides has been database search software such as SEQUEST. A new sequence tag database search algorithm, called GutenTag, makes it possible to identify peptides with unknown posttranslational modifications or sequence variations. This software automates the process of inferring partial sequence "tags" directly from the spectrum and efficiently examines a sequence database for peptides that match these tags. When multiple candidate sequences result from the database search, the software evaluates which is the best match by a rapid examination of spectral fragment ions. We compare GutenTag's accuracy to that of SEQUEST on a defined protein mixture, showing that both modified and unmodified peptides can be successfully identified by this approach. GutenTag analyzed 33 000 spectra from a human lens sample, identifying peptides that were missed in prior SEQUEST analysis due to sequence polymorphisms and posttranslational modifications. The software is available under license; visit http://fields.scripps.edu for information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11972305; Tabb, David L. 1,2 Saraf, Anita 3 Yates III., John R. 4; Email Address: jyates@scripps.edu.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.  2: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6164.  3: Abbott Laboratories, GPRD/R4ME, 200 Abbott Park Rd., AP31/L144, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6202.  4: Diversa, 4955 Directors Place, San Diego, CA 92121.; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 23, p6415; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bao, Lili
AU  - Mahurin, S. M.
AU  - Haire, R. G.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - Silver-Doped Sol -- Gel Film as a Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrate for Detection of Uranyl and Neptunyl Ions.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 6614
EP  - 6620
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate containing silver particles was prepared by an acidcatalyzed sol-gel method. Silver nitrate was first doped into the sol-gel film followed by chemical reduction of the silver ions with sodium borohydride to produce silver particles. This silver-doped sol-gel substrate exhibits strong enhancement of Raman scattering from adsorbed uranyl ions with a detection limit of 8.5 × 10[SUP-8] M, which is comparable to existing methods of uranyl detection such as spectrophotometry, fiuorometry, and a SERS method based on ligand-modified solution silver colloids. However, in the present method, no preconcentration steps, chromogens, or complexing ligands are needed. Compared with the SERS method using Ag colloidal sols, the silver-doped sol-gel film has the advantage that the silver particles trapped in the sol-gel matrix are much more stable than Ag colloids in liquid media. Furthermore, porous silica sol-gel materials are known to have affinities toward many inorganic and organic molecules. The enhanced adsorption affinities could also lead to the increased SERS sensitivity. The performance of the new silver-doped sol-gel substrate was evaluated with uranyl ions and compared to that of a SERS substrate based on silver-coated silica beads prepared by vacuum deposition. The detection limit for the silver-doped sol-gel film was 104 limes lower than that for the silver-coated silica beads. The sol-gel substrate was further used to obtain, for the first time, the surface-enhanced Raman spectrum of neptunyl ions in dilute aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE enhanced Raman effect
KW  - SILVER nitrate
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - COLLOIDAL silver
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11972332; Bao, Lili 1 Mahurin, S. M. 1 Haire, R. G. 1 Dai, Sheng 1; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 23, p6614; Subject Term: SURFACE enhanced Raman effect; Subject Term: SILVER nitrate; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: COLLOIDAL silver; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
T1  - A Sorptive Behavior of Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoparticle Films Containing Alkanethiols and Alkanedithiols.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 75
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 6759
EP  - 6759
SN  - 00032700
AB  - This article presents information on a sorptive behavior of monolayer-protected gold nanoparticle films containing alkanethiols and alkanedithiols. In a study conducted as of December 2003, data was reported on vapor uptake by films of monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles (MPN), using the responses of MPN-coated thickness shear mode devices to calibrated vapor streams. These uptake measurements were compared to those of sorptive polymers to determine whether these new nanomaterials were more or less sorptive than typical polymers.
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - GOLD
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - DITHIOLE
N1  - Accession Number: 11972355; Grate, Jay W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 23, p6759; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: DITHIOLE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrett, Chris
AU  - Hunt III, Harry B.
AU  - Marathe, Madhav V.
AU  - Ravi, S. S.
AU  - Rosenkrantz, Daniel J.
AU  - Stearns, Richard E.
T1  - On Some Special Classes of Sequential Dynamical Systems.
JO  - Annals of Combinatorics
JF  - Annals of Combinatorics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 408
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 02180006
AB  - Sequential Dynamical Systems (SDSs) are mathematical models for analyzing simulation systems. We investigate phase space properties of some special classes of SDSs obtained by restricting the local transition functions used at the nodes. We show that any SDS over the Boolean domain with symmetric Boolean local transition functions can be efficiently simulated by another SDS which uses only simple threshold and simple inverted threshold functions, where the same threshold value is used at each node and the underlying graph is d-regular for some integer d. We establish tight or nearly tight upper and lower bounds on the number of steps needed for SDSs over the Boolean domain with 1-, 2- or 3-threshold functions at each of the nodes to reach a fixed point. When the domain is a unitary semiring and each node computes a linear combination of its inputs, we present a polynomial time algorithm to determine whether such an SDS reaches a fixed point. We also show (through an explicit construction) that there are Boolean SDSs with the NOR function at each node such that their phase spaces contain directed cycles whose length is exponential in the number of nodes of the underlying graph of the SDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Combinatorics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - CELLULAR automata
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - cellular automata
KW  - dynamical systems
KW  - linear functions
KW  - lower and upper bounds
KW  - simple threshold functions
N1  - Accession Number: 13044923; Barrett, Chris 1; Email Address: barrett@lanl.gov Hunt III, Harry B. 2; Email Address: hunt@cs.albany.edu Marathe, Madhav V. 1; Email Address: marathe@lanl.gov Ravi, S. S. 2; Email Address: ravi@cs.albany.edu Rosenkrantz, Daniel J. 2; Email Address: djr@cs.albany.edu Stearns, Richard E. 2; Email Address: res@cs.albany.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M997, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p381; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: CELLULAR automata; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cellular automata; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamical systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: lower and upper bounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: simple threshold functions; Number of Pages: 28p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00026-003-0193-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Courant, Ernest D.
T1  - ACCELERATORS, COLLIDERS, AND SNAKES.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 38
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - The author traces his involvement in the evolution of particle accelerators over the past 50 years. He participated in building the first billion-volt accelerator, the Brookhaven Cosmotron, which led to the introduction of the "strong-focusing" method that has in turn led to the very large accelerators and colliders of the present day. The problems of acceleration of spin-polarized protons are also addressed, with discussions of depolarizing resonances and "Siberian snakes" as a technique for mitigating these resonances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - particle accelerators
KW  - polarized beams
KW  - spin
KW  - storage ring
N1  - Accession Number: 11470404; Courant, Ernest D. 1; Email Address: ECourant@msn.com; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: polarized beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: spin; Author-Supplied Keyword: storage ring; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 38p; Illustrations: 21 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.53.041002.110450
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11470404&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lundberg, B.
AU  - Niwa, K.
AU  - Paolone, V.
T1  - OBSERVATION OF THE TAU NEUTRINO.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 219
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - The τ neutrino was the last standard-model fermion to be directly observed. We report on the strategy, design, and results of the DONuT experiment. The data were acquired at Fermilab during 1997, and in July 2000, the DONuT collaboration presented four τ -neutrino interactions. Modern nuclear-emulsion processing was the key technology that made it possible to detect the decay of τ leptons produced in charged-current interactions of τ neutrinos. The precision of the emulsion data and the speed of digitization enabled the use of novel methods to locate interaction vertices and search for decays in emulsion data. We also discuss the level of background in the τ signal, which is small enough to permit the identification of individual τ events with high confidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR emulsions
KW  - NEUTRINO interactions
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - τ neutrino interactions
KW  - high energy
KW  - nuclear emulsion
KW  - standard model
N1  - Accession Number: 11470393; Lundberg, B. 1; Email Address: lundberg@fnal.gov Niwa, K. 2; Email Address: niwa@flab.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp Paolone, V. 3; Email Address: paolone@fritter.phyast.pitt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Particle Physics Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510  2: Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p199; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR emulsions; Subject Term: NEUTRINO interactions; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: τ neutrino interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: high energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear emulsion; Author-Supplied Keyword: standard model; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.53.041002.110555
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Merminga, Lia
AU  - Douglas, David R.
AU  - Krafft, Geoffrey A.
T1  - HIGH-CURRENT ENERGY-RECOVERING ELECTRON LINACS.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
EP  - 431
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - The use of energy recovery provides a potentially powerful new paradigm for generation of the charged particle beams used in synchrotron radiation sources, high-energy electron cooling devices, electron-ion colliders, and other applications in photon science and nuclear and high-energy physics. Energy-recovering electron linear accelerators (called energy-recovering linacs, or ERLs) share many characteristics with ordinary linacs, as their six-dimensional beam phase space is largely determined by electron source properties. However, in common with classic storage rings, ERLs possess a high average-current-carrying capability enabled by the energy recovery process, and thus promise similar efficiencies. We discuss the concept of energy recovery and its technical challenges and describe the Jefferson Lab (JLab) Infrared Demonstration Free-Electron Laser (IR Demo FEL), originally driven by a 35-48-MeV, 5-mA superconducting radiofrequency (srf) ERL, which provided the most substantial demonstration of energy recovery to date: a beam of 250 kW average power. We present an overview of envisioned ERL applications and a development path to achieving the required performance. We use experimental data obtained at the JLab IR Demo FEL and recent experimental results from CEBAF-ER--a GeV-scale, comparatively low-current energy-recovery demonstration at JLab--to evaluate the feasibility of the newapplications of high-current ERLs, as well as ERLs' limitations and ultimate performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - REFUSE as fuel
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - energy recovery
KW  - high average current
KW  - recirculating accelerator
KW  - superconducting radiofrequency
N1  - Accession Number: 11470380; Merminga, Lia 1; Email Address: Merminga@JLab.org Douglas, David R. 1; Email Address: Douglas@JLab.org Krafft, Geoffrey A. 1; Email Address: Krafft@JLab.org; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Studies of Accelerators, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p387; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: REFUSE as fuel; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: high average current; Author-Supplied Keyword: recirculating accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting radiofrequency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 45p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 7 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.53.041002.110456
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burdman, Gustavo
AU  - Shipsey, Ian
T1  - D[sup0]--D[sup0] MIXING AND RARE CHARM DECAYS.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 499
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - We review the current status of flavor-changing neutral currents in the charm sector. We focus on the standard-model predictions and identify the main sources of theoretical uncertainties in both D[sup0] - D[sup0] mixing and rare charm decays. The potential of these observables for constraining short-distance physics in the standard model and its extensions is compromised by the presence of large nonperturbative effects. We examine the possible discovery windows in which short-distance physics can be tested and study the effects of various extensions to the standard model. The current experimental situation and future prospects are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - HEISENBERG uncertainty principle
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - flavor physics
KW  - flavor-changing neutral currents
N1  - Accession Number: 11470376; Burdman, Gustavo 1; Email Address: burdman@thsrv.lbl.gov Shipsey, Ian 2; Email Address: shipsey@physics.purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theory Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p431; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: HEISENBERG uncertainty principle; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: flavor physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: flavor-changing neutral currents; Number of Pages: 69p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 19 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.53.041002.110348
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11470376&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schweitzer, Martin
AU  - Tonn, Bruce
T1  - Non-energy benefits of the US Weatherization Assistance Program: a summary of their scope and magnitude
JO  - Applied Energy
JF  - Applied Energy
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 76
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
SN  - 03062619
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to summarize the findings reported recently in the literature on non-energy benefits attributable to the weatherizing of low-income homes. Non-energy benefits are divided into three major categories: (1) ratepayer benefits; (2) household benefits; and (3) societal benefits. The ratepayer benefits can be divided into two main subcategories: payment-related benefits and service-provision benefits. Similarly, there are two key types of household benefits: those associated with affordable housing and those related to safety, health and comfort. Societal benefits can be classified as either environmental, social, or economic. Our study found the total lifetime value for all non-energy benefit-categories to be $3346 (in 2001 dollars) per household, which is slightly greater than the average value of energy savings for houses heated by natural gas, and substantially higher than the total cost per low-income weatherization. Societal benefits were much larger than either ratepayer or household benefits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Energy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOUSEHOLDS
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Low-income weatherization
KW  - Nonenergy benefits
N1  - Accession Number: 10634475; Schweitzer, Martin; Email Address: schweitzerm@ornl.gov Tonn, Bruce 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6206, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 76 Issue 4, p321; Subject Term: HOUSEHOLDS; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-income weatherization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonenergy benefits; NAICS/Industry Codes: 814110 Private Households; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0306-2619(03)00003-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Chant, Lawrence J.
T1  - Turbulent, mixing of a scalar quantity in a 2-d mixing layer using matched asymptotic expansions
JO  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
JF  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 955
SN  - 0307904X
AB  - In this note analytical solutions for the turbulent mixing of a scalar quantity (mass, temperature, etc.) for a 2-d, free shear flow are developed. Approximate, i.e. thin shear layer self-similar forms for mass, momentum and the scalar quantity are derived, linearized using Go¨ertler’s [ZAMM 22 (1942) 244] perturbation argument and examined. Though successful for the mean velocity field, the regular expansion yields inconsistent solutions for the transport of a scalar. Sources of the non-uniformity are identified and a consistent result is obtained using matched asymptotic expansions. This result explains the success of semi-empirical convective velocity closures used by several researchers for a turbulence length scale equation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematical Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR flow
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - SPEED
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - Matched asymptotic expansion
KW  - Scalar transport
KW  - Self-similar
KW  - Turbulent mixing layer
N1  - Accession Number: 11114239; De Chant, Lawrence J. 1; Email Address: ljdecha@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0825, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 27 Issue 12, p955; Subject Term: SHEAR flow; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Matched asymptotic expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scalar transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-similar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulent mixing layer; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apm.2003.08.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11114239&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Subramania, G.
AU  - Lin, S. Y.
AU  - Wendt, J. R.
AU  - Rivera, J. M.
T1  - Tuning the microcavity resonant wavelength in a two-dimensional photonic crystal by modifying the cavity geometry.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4491
EP  - 4493
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - High-quality-factor microcavities in two-dimensional photonic crystals at optical frequencies have a number of technological applications, such as cavity quantum electrodynamics, optical switching, filtering, and wavelength multiplexing. For such applications, it is useful to have a simple approach to tune the microcavity resonant wavelength. In this letter, we propose a microcavity design by which we can tune the resonant wavelength by changing the cavity geometry while still obtaining a high quality factor. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11503335; Subramania, G. 1 Lin, S. Y. 1; Email Address: slin@sandia.gov Wendt, J. R. 1 Rivera, J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p4491; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630842
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11503335&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen, T. D.
AU  - Harms, U.
AU  - Schwarz, R. B.
T1  - Correlation between the volume change during crystallization and the thermal stability of supercooled liquids.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4512
EP  - 4514
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have measured the density of Pd[sub 40]Ni[sub 40-x]Cu[sub x]P[sub 20] (x=0–40) alloys in the amorphous and crystalline states. For x>30, the alloys are denser in the amorphous than in the crystalline states, which is contrary to the behavior of all known metallic glasses. For Pd[sub 40]Ni[sub 40-x]Cu[sub x]P[sub 20] and all other bulk metallic glasses where density data are available in both the amorphous and crystalline states, we find a correlation between the stability of the supercooled liquids and the difference between the molar volumes of the glassy and crystalline phases. The supercooled liquid region is largest for those alloys that show no change in molar volume upon crystallization. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - CRYSTALLINE interfaces
KW  - SUPERCOOLED liquids
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11503328; Shen, T. D. 1 Harms, U. 1 Schwarz, R. B. 1; Email Address: rxzs@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: MS G755, MTS-8, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p4512; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE interfaces; Subject Term: SUPERCOOLED liquids; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1631056
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11503328&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Syed, S.
AU  - Heroux, J. B.
AU  - Wang, Y. J.
AU  - Manfra, M. J.
AU  - Molnar, R. J.
AU  - Stormer, H. L.
T1  - Nonparabolicity of the conduction band of wurtzite GaN.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4553
EP  - 4555
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using cyclotron resonance, we measure the effective mass, m[sup *], of electrons in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures with densities, n[sub 2D]∼1 to 6×10[sup 12] cm[sup -2]. From our extensive data, we extrapolate a band edge mass of (0.208±0.002)m[sub e]. By comparing our m[sup *] data with the results of a multiband k·p calculation, we infer that the effect of remote bands is essential in explaining the observed conduction-band nonparabolicity (NP). Our calculation of polaron mass corrections—including finite width and two-dimensional (2D) screening—suggests those to be negligible. It implies that the behavior of m[sup *](n[sub 2D]) can be understood solely in terms of NP. Finally, using our NP and polaron corrections, we are able to reduce the large scatter in the published band edge mass values. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - POLARONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11503314; Syed, S. 1; Email Address: sheyum@phys.columbia.edu Heroux, J. B. 2 Wang, Y. J. 3 Manfra, M. J. 4 Molnar, R. J. 5 Stormer, H. L. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027  2: Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306  4: Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974  5: MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, Massachusetts 02420-0122  6: Department of Physics and Department Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p4553; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: POLARONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630369
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11503314&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsu, J. W. P.
AU  - Weimann, N. G.
AU  - Manfra, M. J.
AU  - West, K. W.
AU  - Lang, D. V.
AU  - Schrey, F. F.
AU  - Mitrofanov, O.
AU  - Molnar, R. J.
T1  - Effect of dislocations on local transconductance in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures as imaged by scanning gate microscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4559
EP  - 4561
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The spatial variations of transconductance in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures were mapped using a conducting tip atomic force microscope. The conducting tip locally modulates the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) while the change in the drain current was monitored as a function of tip position. A spatial resolution of 250 nm was obtained. This technique enables us to investigate the role of defects in transistor performance. In particular, when biased near the depletion of the 2DEG, the transconductance map displays a cell structure, with low signal regions correlating with the positions of negatively charged threading dislocations. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - TRANSISTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11503312; Hsu, J. W. P. 1,2; Email Address: jhsu@mailaps.org Weimann, N. G. 1 Manfra, M. J. 1 West, K. W. 1 Lang, D. V. 1 Schrey, F. F. 1,3 Mitrofanov, O. 1 Molnar, R. J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Muray Hill, New Jersey 07974  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS-1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185  3: Technische Universität Wien, Floragasse 7,1040 Wien, Austria  4: Lincoln Laboratory , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, Massachusetts 02420-9108; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p4559; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1629143
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11503312&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mi-Young Im, S. P.
AU  - Fischer, Peter
AU  - Eimüller, Thomas
AU  - Denbeaux, Greg
AU  - Sung-Chul Shin
T1  - Magnetization reversal study of CoCrPt alloy thin films on a nanogranular-length scale using magnetic transmission soft x-ray microscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4589
EP  - 4591
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have investigated element-specific magnetization reversal behavior of (Co[sub 83]Cr[sub 17])[sub 87]Pt[sub 13] alloy thin films with a lateral resolution of 35-nm using magnetic transmission soft x-ray microscopy. We report that the magnetization switching is carried out by a random nucleation process that can be attributed to individual grains. We found evidence of a large distribution of the switching fields at the nanogranular-length scale, which has to be considered seriously for applications of CoCrPt systems as high-density magnetic storage materials. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - NUCLEATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11503302; Mi-Young Im, S. P. 1 Fischer, Peter 2; Email Address: peter.fischer@mf.mpg.de Eimüller, Thomas 2 Denbeaux, Greg 3 Sung-Chul Shin 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Center for Nanospinics of Spintronic Materials, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea  2: Max-Planck Institute for Metals Research, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Struttgart, Germany  3: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Center for X-ray Optics, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p4589; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1631752
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11503302&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feng Chen
AU  - Xue, Yuyi
AU  - Hadjiev, Viktor G.
AU  - Chu, C. W.
AU  - Nikolaev, Pasha
AU  - Arepalli, Sivaram
T1  - Fast characterization of magnetic impurities in single-walled carbon nanotubes.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4601
EP  - 4603
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have demonstrated that the magnetic susceptibility measurement is a nondestructive, fast, and accurate method to determine the residual metal catalysts in a few microgram single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) sample. We have studied magnetic impurities in raw and purified SWCNTs by magnetic susceptibility measurements, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry. The data suggest that the saturation magnetic moment and the effective field, which are caused by the interparticle interactions, decrease and increase, respectively, with the decrease of the particle size. Methods are suggested to overcome the uncertainty associated. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - METAL catalysts
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - THERMOGRAVIMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 11503298; Feng Chen 1; Email Address: fchen@uh.edu Xue, Yuyi 1 Hadjiev, Viktor G. 1 Chu, C. W. 1,2 Nikolaev, Pasha 3 Arepalli, Sivaram 3; Affiliation:  1: Texas Center for Superconductivity and Advanced Materials, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5002  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  3: G.B. Tech/NASA-JSC. Mail Stop ES-1/GBT, 2101 NASA Road One, Houston, Texas 77058; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p4601; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Subject Term: METAL catalysts; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: THERMOGRAVIMETRY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630854
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11503298&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rashkeev, S. N.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Pantelides, S. T.
T1  - Radiation-induced acceptor deactivation in bipolar devices: Effects of electric field.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 83
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4646
EP  - 4648
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We show that radiation-induced boron acceptor deactivation in silicon bipolar transistors is due primarily to direct neutralization by protons. The strong dependence of the deactivation process on electric field is due mainly to the transport of H[sup +] in the depletion region. The observed dependence of the neutralized-acceptor concentration on the irradiation bias is explained by analytical modeling and Monte Carlo simulations. Neutralization of protons in the Si is not necessary to describe the observed dopant deactivation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIPOLAR transistors
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 11503283; Rashkeev, S. N. 1; Email Address: sergey.rashkeev@vanderbilt.edu Fleetwood, D. M. 2 Schrimpf, R. D. 2 Pantelides, S. T. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235  2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 22, p4646; Subject Term: BIPOLAR transistors; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630368
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11503283&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simpson, Nicholas E.
AU  - Grant, Samuel C.
AU  - Blackband, Stephen J.
AU  - Constantinidis, Ioannis
T1  - NMR properties of alginate microbeads
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 24
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 4941
SN  - 01429612
AB  - Alginates are a family of unbranched polysaccharides with properties that vary widely depending on their composition. In the presence of multivalent cations (frequently Ca2+), alginates form a gel. Consequently, alginates have been used to encapsulate a variety of biological materials, including cells. In this study, we present NMR relaxation and diffusion data from alginate microbeads with similar size and properties to those used in the development of a bioartificial pancreas. Our data demonstrate that the transverse relaxation time (<f>T2</f>) of water within the gel depends on the guluronic acid content of the alginate, whereas the longitudinal relaxation time (<f>T1</f>) and the apparent diffusion coefficient of water do not. Our data further suggest that the diffusion of Ca2+ ions is hindered by the presence of a poly-l-lysine layer, a layer commonly added to provide mechanical support to the beads and immunoprotection to the encapsulated cells in the event of implantation. The impact of these data on our understanding of the role of alginate gels in the development of a bioartificial pancreas is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGINATES
KW  - PANCREAS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - Alginate
KW  - Bioartificial pancreas
KW  - Cell encapsulation
KW  - MR microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11041550; Simpson, Nicholas E. 1 Grant, Samuel C. 2,3 Blackband, Stephen J. 2,3,4,5 Constantinidis, Ioannis 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA  2: Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA  3: McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA  4: Center for Structural Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA  5: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 24 Issue 27, p4941; Subject Term: ALGINATES; Subject Term: PANCREAS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alginate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioartificial pancreas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell encapsulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MR microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00418-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11041550&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burr, David B.
AU  - Miller, Lisa
AU  - Grynpas, Marc
AU  - Li, Jiliang
AU  - Boyde, Alan
AU  - Mashiba, Tasuku
AU  - Hirano, Toru
AU  - Johnston, C. Conrad
T1  - Tissue mineralization is increased following 1-year treatment with high doses of bisphosphonates in dogs
JO  - BONE
JF  - BONE
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 33
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 960
EP  - 969
SN  - 87563282
AB  - Suppression of bone turnover using anti-resorptive agents such as bisphosphonates prevents bone loss but also may increase tissue mineralization. This may make the bone more prone to initiate microcracks. The objective of this study was to determine whether suppression of remodeling caused by treatment of dogs for 1 year with five times the clinical dose of either alendronate or risedronate is associated with increased tissue mineralization and whether it changes the nature of the mineral crystal. Thirty-five dogs were divided into three weight-matched groups and treated daily for 1 year with a subcutaneous injection of saline (CON, n = 12), oral risedronate (RIS, 0.5 mg/kg/day, n = 11), or oral alendronate (ALN, 1.0 mg/kg/day, n = 12). Density fractionation, peripheral quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT), and quantitative backscattered electron microscopy (qBSE) were used to evaluate changes in mineral content of bone tissue from the vertebrae or ribs. Infrared microspectroscopy (IR) and X-ray diffraction were used to assess the quality of the mineral and some aspects of collagen structure in the thoracic vertebrae and iliac crest. Following 12 months of treatment, there was a significant shift toward higher density bone in both ALN (P = 0.04) and RIS (P = 0.002) by density fractionation methods. IR, pQCT, and qBSE did not detect any significant differences in mineralization, probably because of their lower sensitivity and/or because of the smaller region of interest they sample. No significant differences were found in the maturity of the mineral crystals or in their length or size. We conclude that treatment for 1 year with high doses of bisphosphonates which suppress bone remodeling up to 90% increases tissue mineralization, but does not change the nature of the mineral crystal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BONE is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BONES -- Diseases
KW  - BONE cells
KW  - BIOMINERALIZATION
KW  - DIPHOSPHONATES
KW  - MINERALS in the body
KW  - Bisphosphonates
KW  - Microdamage
KW  - Mineralization
KW  - Osteoporosis
N1  - Accession Number: 22238934; Burr, David B. 1,2,3; Email Address: dburr@iupui.edu Miller, Lisa 4 Grynpas, Marc 5 Li, Jiliang 1 Boyde, Alan 6 Mashiba, Tasuku 7 Hirano, Toru 8 Johnston, C. Conrad 9; Affiliation:  1: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA  2: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA  3: Biomechanics and Biomaterials Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA  4: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  5: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto and Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada  6: Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK  7: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kagawa Medical School, Kagawa, Japan  8: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kariwa-gun General Hospital, Kashiwazaki, Niigata, Japan  9: Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p960; Subject Term: BONES -- Diseases; Subject Term: BONE cells; Subject Term: BIOMINERALIZATION; Subject Term: DIPHOSPHONATES; Subject Term: MINERALS in the body; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bisphosphonates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microdamage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Osteoporosis; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bone.2003.08.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacCracken, Michael C.
AU  - Barron, Eric J.
AU  - Easterling, David R.
AU  - Felzer, Benjamin S.
AU  - Karl, Thomas R.
T1  - Climate Change Scenarios for the U.S. National Assessment.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 84
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1711
EP  - 1723
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00030007
AB  - In support of the U.S. National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change, climate scenarios were prepared to serve as the basis for evaluating the vulnerability of environmental and societal systems to changes projected for the twenty-first century. Since publication of the results of the assessment at the end of 2000, the National Research Council's report Climate Change Science: An Analysis of Some Key Questions, and the U.S. government's U.S.Climate Action Report—2002 have both relied on the assessment's findings. Because of the importance of these findings, it is important to directly address questions regarding the representativeness and usefulness of the model-based projections on which the findings were based. In particular, criticisms have focused on whether the climate models that were relied upon adequately represented twentieth-century conditions and whether their projections of conditions for the twenty-first century were outliers. Reexamination of the approach used in developing and evaluating the climate scenarios indicates that the results from the two primary climate modeling groups that were relied upon allowed the generation of climate scenarios that span much of the range of possible future climatic conditions projected by the larger set of model simulations, which was compiled for the IPCC's Third Assessment Report. With the set of models showing increasing agreement in their simulations of twentieth-century trends in climate and of projected changes in climate on subcontinental to continental scales, the climate scenarios that were generated seem likely to provide a plausible representation of the types of climatic conditions that could be experienced during the twenty-first century. Warming, reduced snow cover, and more intense heavy precipitation events were projected by all models, suggesting such changes are quite likely. However, significant differences remain in the projection of changes in precipitation and of the regional departures in climate from the larger-scale patterns. For this reason, evaluating potential impacts using climate scenarios based on models exhibiting different regional responses is a necessary step to ensuring a representative analysis. Utilizing an even more encompassing set of scenarios in the future could help move from mainly qualitative toward more certain and quantitative conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY -- Social aspects
KW  - GLOBAL temperature changes
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - UNITED States. Congress
N1  - Accession Number: 11762358; MacCracken, Michael C. 1; Email Address: mmaccrac@comcast.net Barron, Eric J. 2 Easterling, David R. 3 Felzer, Benjamin S. 3 Karl, Thomas R.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  2: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania  3: NOAA National Climate Data Center, Asheville, North Carolina; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 84 Issue 12, p1711; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY -- Social aspects; Subject Term: GLOBAL temperature changes; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Congress; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921120 Legislative Bodies; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewandowski, J. L. V.
T1  - Strange attractors in drift wave turbulence.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 81
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1331
EP  - 1341
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - A multigrid particle-in-cell algorithm for a shearless slab drift wave model with kinetic  electrons is presented. The algorithm, which is based on an exact separation of adiabatic and nonadiabatic electron responses, is used to investigate the presence of strange attractors in  drift-wave turbulence. Although the simulation model has a large number of degrees of freedom, it is found that the strange attractor is low dimensional and that it is strongly affected by  dissipative (collisional) effects.PACS Nos.: 52.35.Kt, 52.30.Jb, 52.35.Ra (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Nous présentons un algorithme pour résoudre le problème  multi-réseau avec particule dans la cellule pour décrire l'onde de dérive  dans une plaque sans cisaillement avec électrons cinétiques. L'algorithme,  basé sur une séparation exacte des réponses adiabatiques et non adiabatiques  des électrons, est utilisé pour étudier la présence d'attracteurs  étranges dans la turbulence des ondes de dérive. Même si le modèle  compte plusieurs degrés de liberté, nous trouvons que l'attracteur étrange  est à peu de dimensions et est fortement affecté par les effets de dissipation (collisions).[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Drift waves
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Degrees of freedom
KW  - Plasma waves
N1  - Accession Number: 12287610; Lewandowski, J. L. V. 1; Email Address: jlewando@pppl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P.O. Box 451, Princeton NJ 08543, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 81 Issue 12, p1331; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Drift waves; Subject Term: Electrons; Subject Term: Turbulence; Subject Term: Degrees of freedom; Subject Term: Plasma waves; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/P03-109
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
T1  - Catalytic Properties of Molybdenum Carbide, Nitride and Phosphide: A Theoretical Study.
JO  - Catalysis Letters
JF  - Catalysis Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 91
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 252
SN  - 1011372X
AB  - The control and optimization of the catalytic properties of nonexpensive early transition metals is an important issue in the chemical industry. Density functional theory was employed to study the relative stability and chemical activities of molybdenum carbides, nitrides and phosphides. The results show that molybdenum phosphides display the highest reactivity toward CO and sulfur adsorption as compared to molybdenum carbides and nitrides. Considering the better catalysts, those that combine high stability and a reasonable chemical activity, we observe that the catalytic potential of these systems should increase following the sequence: Mo<MoC≈MoN<MoP. An electronic analysis is included to understand the better performance of molybdenum phosphide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE hardening
KW  - PHOSPHIDES
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - CHROMIUM group
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - carbon monoxide
KW  - catalytic property
KW  - hydrodesulfurization
KW  - molybdenum
KW  - molybdenum carbide
KW  - molybdenum nitride
KW  - molybdenum phosphide
N1  - Accession Number: 15666305; Liu, Ping 1 Rodriguez, José A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 555, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 91 Issue 3/4, p247; Subject Term: SURFACE hardening; Subject Term: PHOSPHIDES; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: CHROMIUM group; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: catalytic property; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrodesulfurization; Author-Supplied Keyword: molybdenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: molybdenum carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: molybdenum nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: molybdenum phosphide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carreras, B. A.
AU  - Lynch, V. F.
AU  - Garcia, L.
AU  - Edelman, M.
AU  - Zaslavsky, G. M.
T1  - Topological instability along filamented invariant surfaces.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1175
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - In dynamical systems with a zero Lyapunov exponent, weak mixing can be governed by a specific topological structure of some surfaces that are invariant with respect to particle dynamics. In particular, when the genus of the invariant surfaces is more than one, they may have weak mixing and the corresponding fractional kinetics. This possibility is demonstrated by using a typical example from plasma physics, a three-dimensional resistive pressure-gradient-driven turbulence model. In a toroidal geometry and with a low-pressure gradient, this model shows the emergence of quasicoherent structures. In this situation, the isosurfaces of the velocity stream function have a web structure with filamentary surfaces emerging from the outer region of the torus and covering the inner region. The filamentary surfaces can result in stochastic jets of particles that cause a “topological instability.” In such a situation, particle transport along the surfaces is of the anomalous superdiffusion type.© 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - TOPOLOGICAL fields
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - LYAPUNOV stability
N1  - Accession Number: 11271965; Carreras, B. A. 1 Lynch, V. F. 1 Garcia, L. 2 Edelman, M. 3 Zaslavsky, G. M. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National  Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 .  2: Universidad  Carlos  III, Madrid, Spain.  3: Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, New York 10012.  4: Department of Physics, New York  University  2-4 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p1175; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: TOPOLOGICAL fields; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: LYAPUNOV stability; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1606611
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sedjo, Roger A.
AU  - Marland, Gregg
T1  - Inter-trading permanent emissions credits and rented temporary carbon emissions offsets: some issues and alternatives
JO  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
JF  - Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd)
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
EP  - 444
SN  - 14693062
AB  - Permit trading among polluting parties is now firmly established as a policy tool in a range of environmental policy areas. The Kyoto Protocol accepts the principle that sequestration of carbon in the terrestrial biosphere can be used to offset emissions of carbon from fossil fuel combustion and outlines mechanisms. Although the lack of guaranteed permanence of biological offsets is often viewed as a defect, this paper argues that the absence of guaranteed permanence need not be a fundamental problem. We view carbon emissions as a liability issue. One purpose of an emissions credit system is to provide the emitter with a means to satisfy the carbon liability associated with her firm’s (or country’s) release of carbon into the atmosphere. We have developed and here expand on a rental approach, in which sequestered carbon is explicitly treated as temporary: the emitter temporarily satisfies his liability by temporarily “parking” his liability, for a fee, in a terrestrial carbon reservoir, or “sink,” such as a forest or agricultural soil. Finally, the paper relates the value of permanent and temporary sequestration and argues that both instruments are tradable and have a high degree of substitutability that allows them to interact in markets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Policy (Taylor & Francis Ltd) is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMISSIONS trading
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL policy
KW  - CARBON
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - Biological sequestration
KW  - Carbon offsets
KW  - Permanence
KW  - Rents
N1  - Accession Number: 17053214; Sedjo, Roger A. 1; Email Address: sedjo@rff.org Marland, Gregg 2; Email Address: gum@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Resources for the Future, 1616 P Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p435; Subject Term: EMISSIONS trading; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL policy; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon offsets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permanence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1469-3062(03)00051-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsueh, C.H.
AU  - Lee, S.
T1  - Modeling of elastic thermal stresses in two materials joined by a graded layer
JO  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
JF  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 34
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 747
SN  - 13598368
AB  - The distribution of elastic thermal stresses in two dissimilar materials joined by a graded layer is a critical issue and has been analyzed previously. However, numerical methods have often been used. The difficulty in obtaining an analytical solution in existing analyses is discussed, and an exact closed-form solution is derived in the present study. To illustrate applications of the present solution, results are calculated for elastic thermal stresses in thermal barrier coatings, which consist of substrate, graded bond coat, and top coat. Different profiles of the thermomechanical properties in the bond coat are considered to examine how the graded interlayer modifies the elastic thermal stress distribution in the system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites: Part B, Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC analysis (Engineering)
KW  - THERMAL stresses
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - METALS -- Thermomechanical treatment
KW  - Coatings
KW  - Graded layers
KW  - Thermal stresses
N1  - Accession Number: 10924133; Hsueh, C.H. 1; Email Address: hsuehc@ornl.gov Lee, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 34 Issue 8, p747; Subject Term: ELASTIC analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: THERMAL stresses; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: METALS -- Thermomechanical treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graded layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal stresses; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-8368(03)00088-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phan, A.-V.
AU  - Napier, J. A. L.
AU  - Gray, L. J.
AU  - Kaplan, T.
T1  - Stress intensity factor analysis of friction sliding at discontinuity interfaces and junctions.
JO  - Computational Mechanics
JF  - Computational Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 32
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
EP  - 400
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01787675
AB  - A stress intensity factor (SIF) analysis for two-dimensional fractures with frictional contact (crack friction) is presented. This analysis is carried out using the symmetric-Galerkin boundary element method, and a modified quarter-point crack tip element. As in case of non-contact fracture, it is shown that highly accurate SIFs can be obtained, even with the simple Displacement Correlation SIF technique. Moreover, with the modified crack tip element, the mesh on the crack does not need to be excessively refined in order to achieve high accuracy. This meshing advantage is especially important in the context of the nonlinear frictional contact problem, as the computing time for the iterative process strongly depends on the number of elements used. Several numerical examples are presented and the SIF results are compared with available analytical or reference solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Mechanics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - Boundary element method
KW  - Crack friction
KW  - Modified quarter-point element
KW  - Stress intensity factor
KW  - Symmetric-Galerkin approximation
N1  - Accession Number: 16899635; Phan, A.-V. 1; Email Address: vphan@jaguar1.usouthal.edu Napier, J. A. L. 2 Gray, L. J. 3 Kaplan, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, 36688-0002, Mobile, AL, USA  2: CSIR, Division of Mining Technology CSIR, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa  3: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6367, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 4-6, p392; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boundary element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modified quarter-point element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress intensity factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Symmetric-Galerkin approximation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/S00466-003-0505-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomson, Judi
AU  - Adams, Dan
AU  - Cowley, Paula J.
AU  - Walker, Kevin
T1  - Metadata's Role in a Scientific Archive.
JO  - Computer (00189162)
JF  - Computer (00189162)
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 34
SN  - 00189162
AB  - Discusses the metadata's role in the scientific archive of the U.S. Department of Energy's William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory.  Scientific archive management (SAM) system; Benefits of the metadata to SAM users; SAM architecture.
KW  - METADATA
KW  - SCIENTIFIC archives
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11811650; Thomson, Judi 1; Email Address: judi.thomson@pnl.gov Adams, Dan 1; Email Address: dan@pnl.gov Cowley, Paula J. 1; Email Address: paula.cowley@pnl.gov Walker, Kevin 1; Email Address: kgwalker@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 36 Issue 12, p27; Subject Term: METADATA; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC archives; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Bissell, Mina J
AU  - Rizki, Aylin
AU  - Mian, I Saira
T1  - Tissue architecture: the ultimate regulator of breast epithelial function
JO  - Current Opinion in Cell Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Cell Biology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 753
SN  - 09550674
KW  - basement membrane (BM)
KW  - bovine casein element 1 (BCE-1)
KW  - extracellular matrix (ECM)
KW  - three-dimensional cultures of cells embedded in extracellular matrix components (3D)
KW  - two-dimensional, or monolayer cultures (2D)
N1  - Accession Number: 11538831; Bissell, Mina J 1; Email Address: mjbissell@lbl.gov Rizki, Aylin 1 Mian, I Saira 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p753; Author-Supplied Keyword: basement membrane (BM); Author-Supplied Keyword: bovine casein element 1 (BCE-1); Author-Supplied Keyword: extracellular matrix (ECM); Author-Supplied Keyword: three-dimensional cultures of cells embedded in extracellular matrix components (3D); Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional, or monolayer cultures (2D); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.ceb.2003.10.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Delplancke-Ogletree, Marie-Paule
AU  - Monteiro, Othon R.
T1  - In situ measurement of stresses in diamond-like carbon films
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2119
SN  - 09259635
AB  - In situ determination of stresses in thin films can be used as an important tool to assist process development as well as to understand the thermodynamics of film formation. A simple technique for the measurement of stresses in growing films is described here. The technique consists of measuring the displacement of a laser beam reflected from the film surface. Displacement is induced by changes in the radius of the curvature of the substrate resulting from stresses in the film. The detector sensitivity at the used wavelength (635 nm) is approximately 12 mV μm−1, for which our experimental set-up is equivalent to 4 mV μrad−1. The actual data collected consist of the reflected beam displacement vs. time, and provides at any instant the value of the average stress. By knowing the deposition rate, time is directly correlated with film thickness, and the local stress can be determined. Examples of measurement of stresses in tetragonally bonded amorphous carbon films prepared by filtered cathodic arc are presented, as well as how this technique can be used to design the deposition process to virtually eliminate intrinsic stresses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - Diamond-like carbon
KW  - Position sensitive detector
KW  - Stresses
N1  - Accession Number: 11537910; Delplancke-Ogletree, Marie-Paule 1 Monteiro, Othon R. 2; Email Address: ormonteiro@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail Stop 53-004, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 12, p2119; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond-like carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position sensitive detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stresses; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-9635(03)00240-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zak, Donald R.
AU  - Holmes, William E.
AU  - Finzi, Adrien C.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Schlesinger, William H.
T1  - SOIL NITROGEN CYCLING UNDER ELEVATED CO2: A SYNTHESIS OF FOREST FACE EXPERIMENTS.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1508
EP  - 1514
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study which examines the extent to which net primary productivity (NPP) of plants will be sustained in soil nitrogen (N) cycling under elevated carbon dioxide (CO2). The use of common field and laboratory methods to measure microbial N, gross N mineralization, and immobilization in free-air CO2 enrichment experiments is noted. Results indicating that atmospheric CO2 concentration has no effect on any microbial N cycling pool is explained.
KW  - Primary productivity (Biology)
KW  - Nitrogen in soils
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Plant growth
KW  - Effect of nitrogen on plants
KW  - climate change
KW  - elevated CO2
KW  - forest FACE experiments
KW  - gross N mineralization
KW  - microbial immobilization
KW  - soil microorganisms
KW  - soil N cycling
N1  - Accession Number: 112065603; Zak, Donald R. 1; Holmes, William E. 1; Finzi, Adrien C. 2; Norby, Richard J. 3; Schlesinger, William H. 4; Affiliations: 1: School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1115 USA; 2: Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 USA; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422 USA; 4: Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p1508; Thesaurus Term: Primary productivity (Biology); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen in soils; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Plant growth; Thesaurus Term: Effect of nitrogen on plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest FACE experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: gross N mineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbial immobilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil microorganisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil N cycling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111422 Floriculture Production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/03-5055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fair, Jeanne M.
AU  - Myers, Orrin B.
AU  - Ricklefs, Robert E.
T1  - IMMUNE AND GROWTH RESPONSE OF WESTERN BLUEBIRDS AND ASH-THROATED FLYCATCHERS TO SOIL CONTAMINANTS.
JO  - Ecological Applications
JF  - Ecological Applications
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1817
EP  - 1829
SN  - 10510761
AB  - The article presents a study which examines the effects of soil contaminants to the immune and growth of Western bluebirds and ash-throated fly catchers. An investigation of the immunocompetence of the bird species at the landscape-soil contaminant gradient at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in New Mexico is noted. Highlights of the findings include lower survival of nestling flycatchers in contaminant release site, similar patterns in cell-mediated effects, and increase in hematocrits.
KW  - Soil pollution -- Physiological effect
KW  - Western bluebird
KW  - Ash-throated flycatcher
KW  - Hematocrit
KW  - Bird growth
KW  - antigen
KW  - Ash-throated Flycatcher
KW  - contaminants
KW  - immunocompetence
KW  - nestling mortality
KW  - Western Bluebird
KW  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 112065602; Fair, Jeanne M. 1,2; Myers, Orrin B. 1; Ricklefs, Robert E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Risk Reduction and Environmental Stewardship, MS M887, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA; 2: University of Missouri-St. Louis, Department of Biology, 8001 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, Missouri 63121 USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p1817; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution -- Physiological effect; Thesaurus Term: Western bluebird; Subject Term: Ash-throated flycatcher; Subject Term: Hematocrit; Subject Term: Bird growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: antigen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ash-throated Flycatcher; Author-Supplied Keyword: contaminants; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunocompetence; Author-Supplied Keyword: nestling mortality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Western Bluebird ; Company/Entity: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1890/02-5058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - P. R. Hoyt
AU  - M. J. Doktycz
AU  - K. L. Beattie
AU  - M. S. Greeley
T1  - DNA Microarrays Detect 4-Nonylphenol-induced Alterations in Gene Expression During Zebrafish Early Development.
JO  - Ecotoxicology
JF  - Ecotoxicology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
EP  - 474
SN  - 09639292
AB  - Technological advances in the biological sciences have led to a growing realization of the inherent complexity of the toxic actions of man-made chemicals and industrial compounds. An organism's response to toxic exposure is often a complex summation of the individual responses of various different cell types, tissues, and organs within an individual. Furthermore, within a population, various factors including gender, age, fitness, exposure history, genetic variation, and developmental stage significantly affect how each individual will react following exposure. Because of this complexity, characterizing the responses of organisms to environmental toxin exposure is an area of research well suited to the utilization of the gene-expression profiling capability of DNA microarrays. Microarrays are capable of screening large numbers of genes for response to environmental exposure, with the resulting genesets comprising de facto biomarkers for such exposures. In many cases, the genesets described contain response transcripts anticipated from known mechanistic pathways, but in other cases, equally indicative biomarkers may be found that are unexpected. We investigated the response of zebrafish embryos exposed in vitro to the environmental contaminant 4-nonylphenol (4NP). Nonylphenol is one of several alkylphenol ethoxylate compounds widely used in agricultural and industrial processes that have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants. By combining data from differing levels of exposure, we have identified a group of genes that appear indicative of embryo exposure to 4NP at concentrations ranging from high near-lethal levels to lower, more environmentally relevant levels. These biomarker sets can be further expanded and adapted for use in environmental monitoring as well as in mechanistic studies of complex toxicological mechanisms during both early and adult developmental stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecotoxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - Nonylphenol
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Zebra danio
N1  - Accession Number: 20371023; P. R. Hoyt 1; M. J. Doktycz 1; K. L. Beattie 1; M. S. Greeley 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; To whom author correspondence should be addressed.; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p469; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: Nonylphenol; Subject Term: Gene expression; Subject Term: Zebra danio; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - E. A. Shrader
AU  - T. R. Henry
AU  - M. S. Greeley
AU  - B. P. Bradley
T1  - Proteomics in Zebrafish Exposed to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals.
JO  - Ecotoxicology
JF  - Ecotoxicology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 485
EP  - 488
SN  - 09639292
AB  - Embryonic zebrafish were examined for changes in protein expression following exposure to sublethal concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2) and the estrogen mimic 4-nonylphenol (4-NP). Protein Expression Signatures were derived from embryo homogenates by two-dimensional electrophoresis and digital imaging. In both experiments approximately 30% of the proteins sampled were specific to either E2 or 4-NP and about 33% were common to the control, 4-NP and E2. However, of the proteins induced by either E2 or 4-NP, 28% were common to both chemicals at 1 ppm but only 7% were common to both at 0.1 ppm. While there are many proteins that respond specifically to each chemical, relatively few are common to the two chemicals suggesting that the response pathways of the two chemicals are distinct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecotoxicology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Proteomics
KW  - Zebra danio
KW  - Endocrine toxicology
KW  - Electrophoresis
N1  - Accession Number: 20371025; E. A. Shrader 1; T. R. Henry 1; M. S. Greeley 2; B. P. Bradley 3; Affiliations: 1: University of Maryland (UMBC), 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 3: University of Maryland (UMBC), 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bbradley@umbc.edu; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p485; Subject Term: Proteomics; Subject Term: Zebra danio; Subject Term: Endocrine toxicology; Subject Term: Electrophoresis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanghoon Lee
AU  - Ji-Won Moon
AU  - Hi-Soo Moon
T1  - Heavy Metals in the Bed and Suspended Sediments of Anyang River, Korea: Implications for Water Quality.
JO  - Environmental Geochemistry & Health
JF  - Environmental Geochemistry & Health
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
EP  - 452
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 02694042
AB  - The objective of this study is to compare Anyang River bed sediments with water chemical composition and to assess the anthropogenic chemical inputs into the river system. Eight sampling locations were chosen along the river channel. Bed and suspended river sediments and water samples were collected, and analyzed for their chemical and physical composition. Data revealed that trace element concentrations in the river water were generally below world average, except for As, Mn, Ni and Cr. Among the three phases: water, bed and suspended sediment, more than 99% of the trace elements was associated with the bed sediment. Concentrations of trace elements in the sediment were a function a particle size distribution and organic content. The calculated degrees of enrichment based on the least influenced sample (ASD 1) indicated the river sediments were enriched with respect to background. The enrichment factors for Pb, Zn and As were relatively lower than for Cr, Co, Ni and Zn. The difference in the enrichment seems to reflect the human activities influence in the basin, and specially for Cd. Speciation of the elements in the five different chemical forms in the sediment by sequential extraction indicated that the reducible fraction was predominant for Fe, Zinc and Cu showed an irregular variation among the different fractions; whereas, Cd and Pb were more regular. Zinc and Cu highly existed mostly in exchangeable forms. Acid soluble and reducible forms were also important for most metals. The speciation implies that the metals associated with the sediment are subject to release into water bodies as goechemical variables (pH and Eh) change. Currently, the introduced metals are deposited near the source area and are mostly associated with the sediment, implying that the river bed sediment acts mainly as a sink, rather than a pool. The accumulated and enriched toxic trace elements can pose a potential pollution of river water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Geochemistry & Health is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Water chemistry
KW  - Environmental geochemistry
KW  - Anyang (Korea)
KW  - Korea (South)
KW  - Anyang River
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - sequential extraction
KW  - stream sediment
KW  - water chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15192705; Sanghoon Lee 1; Email Address: slee@catholic.ac.kr; Ji-Won Moon 2; Hi-Soo Moon 3; Affiliations: 1: Division of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Buchon, Gyonggi-Do, 420-743, South Korea; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, MS-6038, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; 3: Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-ku, Seoul, 120-749, South Korea; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p433; Thesaurus Term: Geochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Heavy metals; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Water chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Environmental geochemistry; Subject: Anyang (Korea); Subject: Korea (South); Author-Supplied Keyword: Anyang River; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: sequential extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: stream sediment; Author-Supplied Keyword: water chemistry; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chou, Charissa J.
AU  - Johnson, Vernon G.
AU  - Barnett, D. Brent
AU  - Olson, Phil M.
T1  - Optimizing Liquid Effluent Monitoring at a Large Nuclear Complex.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 720
EP  - 734
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Effluent monitoring typically requires a large number of analytes and samples during the initial or startup phase of a facility. Once a baseline is established, the analyte list and sampling frequency may be reduced. Although there is a large body of literature relevant to the initial design, few, if any, published papers exist on updating established effluent monitoring programs. This paper statistically evaluates four years of baseline data to optimize the liquid effluent monitoring efficiency of a centralized waste treatment and disposal facility at a large defense nuclear complex. Specific objectives were to: (1) assess temporal variability in analyte concentrations, (2) determine operational factors contributing to waste stream variability, (3) assess the probability of exceeding permit limits, and (4) streamline the sampling and analysis regime. Results indicated that the probability of exceeding permit limits was one in a million under normal facility operating conditions, sampling frequency could be reduced, and several analytes could be eliminated. Furthermore, indicators such as gross alpha and gross beta measurements could be used in lieu of more expensive specific isotopic analyses (radium, cesium-137, and strontium-90) for routine monitoring. Study results were used by the state regulatory agency to modify monitoring requirements for a new discharge permit, resulting in an annual cost savings of US $223,000. This case study demonstrates that statistical evaluation of effluent contaminant variability coupled with process knowledge can help plant managers and regulators streamline analyte lists and sampling frequencies based on detection history and environmental risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sewage
KW  - Waste treatment
KW  - Radioactive substances
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Environmental risk assessment
KW  - Cost control
KW  - Effluent monitoring
KW  - Exceedance probability
KW  - Grab and composite sampling
KW  - Variability
N1  - Accession Number: 16984469; Chou, Charissa J. 1; Johnson, Vernon G. 2; Barnett, D. Brent 1; Olson, Phil M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K6-81, Richland, Washington 99352, USA; 2: Fluor Hanford Company, Richland, Washington 99352, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p720; Thesaurus Term: Sewage; Thesaurus Term: Waste treatment; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive substances; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Environmental risk assessment; Subject Term: Cost control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effluent monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exceedance probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grab and composite sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldberg, Marsha S.
T1  - Strengthening the Link between Project Planning and Environmental Impact Assessment: The Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment Dialogue Process.
JO  - Environmental Practice
JF  - Environmental Practice
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 320
SN  - 14660474
AB  - An approach to stakeholder involvement known as the Dialogue process has been an integral part of the US Department of Defense Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment (ACWA) Program from its inception. It has provided a means of soliciting stakeholder input before key decisions are made. The projects developed under the ACWA Program are characterized as major federal actions and therefore also must meet the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). One of these is the requirement for public participation in the environmental impact assessment process. This case study describes the ACWA Dialogue and NEPA processes, and examines their relationship in the implementation of the ACWA Program. The examination suggests that involving the public at the beginning of a program through a Dialogue-like process can introduce environmental considerations early in the project development process and contribute to the development of a more informed public. These factors improve the overall efficacy of public participation, strengthening the link between project development and environmental assessment in a manner consistent with the original intent of NEPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Practice is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Chemical weapons
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Law
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12042353; Goldberg, Marsha S. 1; Email Address: goldbergm@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Washington, DC; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p313; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Chemical weapons; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Subject Term: Law; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knapp, Wolfram H.
AU  - Knapp Jr., F. F.
AU  - Kropp, J.
T1  - 11th Mediterranean Meeting on Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceuticals 28--29 May 2003,Athens,Greece.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging
JF  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 30
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1701
EP  - 1702
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16197070
AB  - Highlights the11th Mediterranean Meeting on Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceuticals in Athens, Greece.  Venue and theme of the event; Names of guest speakers; List of topics discussed.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - NUCLEAR medicine
KW  - RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
KW  - LECTURERS
KW  - ATHENS (Greece)
KW  - GREECE
N1  - Accession Number: 12482875; Knapp, Wolfram H. 1; Email Address: knapp.wolfram@mh-hannover.de Knapp Jr., F. F. 2 Kropp, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Klinik für Nuklearmedizin Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, Hannover, Germany  2: Nuclear Medicine Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, USA  3: Nuclear Medicine Department, Technical University Hospital Dresden, Germany; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 30 Issue 12, p1701; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR medicine; Subject Term: RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS; Subject Term: LECTURERS; Subject Term: ATHENS (Greece); Subject Term: GREECE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 711510 Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 711512 Independent actors, comedians and performers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregorich, K. E.
AU  - Ginter, T. N.
AU  - Loveland, W.
AU  - Peterson, D.
AU  - Patin, J. B.
AU  - Folden, C. M.
AU  - Hoffman, D. C.
AU  - Lee, D. M.
AU  - Nitsche, H.
AU  - Omtvedt, J. P.
AU  - Omtvedt, L. A.
AU  - Stavsetra, L.
AU  - Sudowe, R.
AU  - Wilk, P. A.
AU  - Zielinski, P. M.
AU  - Aleklett, K.
T1  - Cross-section limits for the 208Pb(86Kr,n)293118 reaction.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
EP  - 638
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - In April-May, 2001, the previously reported experiment to synthesize element 118 using the 208Pb(86Kr,n)293118 reaction was repeated. No events corresponding to the synthesis of element 118 were observed with a total beam dose of 2.6 x 1018 ions. The simple upper-limit cross-sections (1 event) were 0.9 and 0.6 pb for evaporation residue magnetic rigidities of 2.00 Tm and 2.12 Tm, respectively. A more detailed cross-section calculation, accounting for an assumed narrow excitation function, the energy loss of the beam in traversing the target and the uncertainty in the magnetic rigidity of the Z = 118 recoils is also presented. Re-analysis of the primary data files from the 1999 experiment showed the reported element 118 events are not in the original data. The current results put constraints on the production cross-section for synthesis of very heavy nuclei in cold-fusion reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - COLD fusion
KW  - HEAVY nuclei
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16708451; Gregorich, K. E. 1; Email Address: KEGregorich@lbl.gov Ginter, T. N. 1 Loveland, W. 2 Peterson, D. 2 Patin, J. B. 1,3 Folden, C. M. 1,3 Hoffman, D. C. 1,3 Lee, D. M. 1 Nitsche, H. 1,3 Omtvedt, J. P. 4 Omtvedt, L. A. 4 Stavsetra, L. 4 Sudowe, R. 1 Wilk, P. A. 1,3 Zielinski, P. M. 1,3 Aleklett, K. 5; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, Berkeley, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, OR 97331, Corvallis, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, CA 94720, Berkeley, USA  4: University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway  5: Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p633; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: COLD fusion; Subject Term: HEAVY nuclei; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10165-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider, M. L.
AU  - Rast, S.
AU  - Onellion, M.
AU  - Demsar, J.
AU  - Taylor, A. J.
AU  - Glinka, Y.
AU  - Tolk, N. H.
AU  - Ren, Y. H.
AU  - Lüpke, G.
AU  - Klimov, A.
AU  - Xu, Y.
AU  - Sobolewski, R.
AU  - Si, W.
AU  - Zeng, X. H.
AU  - Soukiassian, A.
AU  - Xi, X. X.
AU  - Abrecht, M.
AU  - Ariosa, D.
AU  - Pavuna, D.
AU  - Krapf, A.
T1  - Carrier relaxation time divergence in single and double layer cuprates.
JO  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 334
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346028
AB  - Deals with the transient optical pump-probe reflectivity measurements on single and double layer cuprate single crystals and thin films of ten different stoichiometries.  Relaxation time behavior of both single and double layer cuprates; Estimation of the actual sample temperature; Divergence on both superconducting and metallic non-superconducting samples; Discussion on the three experimental results.
KW  - OPTICAL pumping
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 15179494; Schneider, M. L. 1,2 Rast, S. 1 Onellion, M. 1; Email Address: onellion@wisc.edu Demsar, J. 3 Taylor, A. J. 3 Glinka, Y. 4 Tolk, N. H. 4 Ren, Y. H. 5 Lüpke, G. 5 Klimov, A. 6,7 Xu, Y. 7 Sobolewski, R. 6,7 Si, W. 8 Zeng, X. H. 8 Soukiassian, A. 8 Xi, X. X. 8 Abrecht, M. 9 Ariosa, D. 9 Pavuna, D. 9 Krapf, A. 10; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: NIST, mc 816.01, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Physics Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  5: Applied Sciences Department, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA  6: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02668 Warszawa, Poland  7: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  8: Physics Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA  9: Departement de Physique Appliqueacute;e, École Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland  10: Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität, Invalidenstrasse 110, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p327; Subject Term: OPTICAL pumping; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THIN films; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjb/e2003-00351-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benayoun, M.
AU  - David, P.
AU  - DelBuono, L.
AU  - Leruste, Ph
AU  - O'Connell, H. B.
T1  - Anomalous η / η′ decays: the triangle and box anomalies.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
EP  - 547
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - We examine the decay modes η/η′ → π+π-γ within the context of the hidden local symmetry (HLS) model. Using numerical information derived in previous fits to the VPγ and V e+e- decay modes in isolation and the ρ lineshape determined in a previous fit to the pion form factor, we show that all aspects of these decays can be predicted with fair accuracy. Freeing some parameters does not improve the picture. This is interpreted as strong evidence in favor of the box anomaly in the η/η′ decays, which occurs at precisely the level expected. We also construct the set of equations defining the amplitudes for η/η′ → π+π-γ and η/ηγ → γγ at the chiral limit, as predicted from the anomalous HLS Lagrangian appropriately broken. This provides a set of four equations depending on only one parameter, instead of three for the traditional set. This is also shown to match the (two-angle, two-decay-constant) η-η′ mixing scheme recently proposed and is also fairly well fulfilled by the data. The information returned from the fits also matches expectations from previously published fits to the V Pγ decay modes in isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 16767613; Benayoun, M. 1 David, P. 1 DelBuono, L. 1 Leruste, Ph 1 O'Connell, H. B. 2; Affiliation:  1: LPNHE Paris VI/VII, 75252, Paris, France  2: Fermilab, PO Box, 500 MS 109, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p525; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2003-01378-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cao, Wangsen
AU  - Baniecki, Mary Lynn
AU  - McGrath, William J.
AU  - Bao, Clare
AU  - Deming, Clayton B.
AU  - Rade, Jeffrey J.
AU  - Lowenstein, Charles J.
AU  - Mangel, Walter F.
T1  - Nitric oxide inhibits the adenovirus proteinase in vitro and viral infectivity in vivo.
JO  - FASEB Journal
JF  - FASEB Journal
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2345
EP  - 2346
AB  - Characterizes the interaction of nitric oxide (NO) with adenovirus proteinase, both in vitro and in vivo.  Equilibrium dissociation constant for the reversible binding to AVP-pVIc by spermine-NONOate; Pretreatment of virus with NO donors before infection; Treatment of infectious virus by diethylamine-NONOate.
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - ADENOVIRUSES
KW  - PROTEINASES
KW  - VIRUSES
KW  - DIETHYLAMINE
N1  - Accession Number: 12124268; Cao, Wangsen 1 Baniecki, Mary Lynn 2 McGrath, William J. 3 Bao, Clare 1 Deming, Clayton B. 1 Rade, Jeffrey J. 1 Lowenstein, Charles J. 1 Mangel, Walter F. 3; Email Address: Mangel@BNL.Gov; Affiliation:  1: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA  2: Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 17 Issue 15, p2345; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: ADENOVIRUSES; Subject Term: PROTEINASES; Subject Term: VIRUSES; Subject Term: DIETHYLAMINE; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1096/fj.03-0396fje
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Körner, Heinz
AU  - Sofia, Heidi J.
AU  - Zumft, Walter G.
T1  - Phylogeny of the bacterial superfamily of Crp-Fnr transcription regulators: exploiting the metabolic spectrum by controlling alternative gene programs
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Reviews
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Reviews
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 559
SN  - 01686445
AB  - The Crp-Fnr regulators, named after the first two identified members, are DNA-binding proteins which predominantly function as positive transcription factors, though roles of repressors are also important. Among over 1200 proteins with an N-terminally located nucleotide-binding domain similar to the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) receptor protein, the distinctive additional trait of the Crp-Fnr superfamily is a C-terminally located helix-turn-helix motif for DNA binding. From a curated database of 369 family members exhibiting both features, we provide a protein tree of Crp-Fnr proteins according to their phylogenetic relationships. This results in the assembly of the regulators ArcR, CooA, CprK, Crp, Dnr, FixK, Flp, Fnr, FnrN, MalR, NnrR, NtcA, PrfA, and YeiL and their homologs in distinct clusters. Lead members and representatives of these groups are described, placing emphasis on the less well-known regulators and target processes. Several more groups consist of sequence-derived proteins of unknown physiological roles; some of them are tight clusters of highly similar members. The Crp-Fnr regulators stand out in responding to a broad spectrum of intracellular and exogenous signals such as cAMP, anoxia, the redox state, oxidative and nitrosative stress, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, 2-oxoglutarate, or temperature. To accomplish their roles, Crp-Fnr members have intrinsic sensory modules allowing the binding of allosteric effector molecules, or have prosthetic groups for the interaction with the signal. The regulatory adaptability and structural flexibility represented in the Crp-Fnr scaffold has led to the evolution of an important group of physiologically versatile transcription factors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Reviews is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioinformatics
KW  - DNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Nucleotides
KW  - Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
KW  - Helix-turn-helix
KW  - Phylogeny
KW  - Regulation of transcription
KW  - Superfamily
N1  - Accession Number: 11468241; Körner, Heinz 1; Sofia, Heidi J. 2; Zumft, Walter G. 1; Email Address: walter.zumft@bio.uka.de; Affiliations: 1: Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Universität Karlsruhe, PF 6980, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany; 2: Computational Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, K1-92, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p559; Subject Term: Bioinformatics; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Nucleotides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helix-turn-helix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phylogeny; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regulation of transcription; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superfamily; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-6445(03)00066-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, Rakesh K.
AU  - Patterson, Stacey S.
AU  - Ripp, Steven
AU  - Simpson, Michael L.
AU  - Sayler, Gary S.
T1  - Expression of the Photorhabdus luminescens lux genes (luxA, B, C, D, and E) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
JO  - FEMS Yeast Research
JF  - FEMS Yeast Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 15671356
AB  - The luxA, B, C, D, and E genes from Photorhabdus luminescens were cloned and functionally expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to construct a bacterial lux-based yeast bioreporter capable of autonomous bioluminescence emission. The bioreporter was engineered using a series of pBEVY yeast expression vectors that allowed for bi-directional constitutive or inducible expression of the individual luxA, B, C, and E genes. The luxD gene, encoding the acyl-ACP transferase that ultimately supplies the requisite aldehyde substrate for the bioluminescent reaction, was fused to a yeast internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) sequence to ensure high bi-cistronic expression. Although self-generation of bioluminescence was achieved by the bioreporter, the signal was relatively weak and decayed rapidly. To overcome this instability, a flavin oxidoreductase gene (frp) from Vibrio harveyi was co-expressed to provide sufficient concentrations of the FMNH2 co-factor required for the bioluminescent reaction. Expression of frp with the lux genes not only stabilized but also enhanced bioluminescence to levels approaching 9.0×105 times above background. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Yeast Research is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - BIOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - OXIDOREDUCTASES
KW  - Bioluminescence
KW  - Bioreporter
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - lux
KW  - Saccharomyces
N1  - Accession Number: 11534954; Gupta, Rakesh K. 1,2 Patterson, Stacey S. 1 Ripp, Steven 1 Simpson, Michael L. 1,3 Sayler, Gary S. 1; Email Address: sayler@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: The Center for Environmental Biotechnology and Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1605, USA  2: Department of Microbiology, RLA College, University of Delhi, New Delhi-110021, India  3: Molecular-Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p305; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject Term: BIOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: OXIDOREDUCTASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioreporter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: lux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saccharomyces; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1567-1356(03)00174-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. C. R. Bloch
AU  - A. Krassnigg
AU  - C. D. Roberts
T1  - Regarding Proton Form Factors.
JO  - Few-Body Systems
JF  - Few-Body Systems
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 232
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01777963
AB  - The proton?s elastic electromagnetic form factors are calculated using an ansatz for the nucleon?s Poincaré covariant Faddeev amplitude that only retains scalar diquark correlations. A spectator approximation is employed for the current. On the domain of q 2 accessible in modern precision experiments these form factors are a sensitive probe of nonperturbative strong interaction dynamics. The ratio of Pauli and Dirac form factors can provide realistic constraints on models of the nucleon and thereby assist in developing an understanding of nucleon structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Few-Body Systems is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11644810; J. C. R. Bloch 1 A. Krassnigg 2 C. D. Roberts 2; Affiliation:  1: DFG Research Center ?Mathematics for Key Technologies,? c/o Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics, Mohrenstrasse 39, D-10117 Berlin, Germany DE  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, U.S.A. US; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p219; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. L. Friar
AU  - G. L. Payne
T1  - Configuration-Space-Faddeev Born Approximations.
JO  - Few-Body Systems
JF  - Few-Body Systems
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 240
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01777963
AB  - Alternative definitions of the Born approximation and the distorted-wave Born approximation within the framework of the configuration-space Faddeev equations are explored. The most natural definition does not correspond to the Born approximation derived from the Schrödinger equation, even though the exact T-matrices for both formalisms are equivalent. The Schrödinger form is optimal, although it is shown that the differences are numerically unimportant. The DWBA corresponding to the Faddeev equations is not channel symmetric, although numerically this is unimportant for the p- d (Coulomb) case. The place in the partial-wave series beyond which the Born approximation can be effectively substituted for the exact result is briefly investigated for p-d and n-d scattering below breakup threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Few-Body Systems is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORN approximation
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - SCATTERING (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11644813; J. L. Friar 1 G. L. Payne 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA US  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA US; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p233; Subject Term: BORN approximation; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amthor, Jeffrey S.
T1  - Erratum to “Effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration on wheat yield: review of results from experiments using various approaches to control CO2 concentration” [Field Crops Research 73 (2001) 1–34]
JO  - Field Crops Research
JF  - Field Crops Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 84
IS  - 3
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 395
SN  - 03784290
N1  - Accession Number: 11466415; Amthor, Jeffrey S. 1; Email Address: jeff.amthor@science.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 84 Issue 3, p395; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0378-4290(03)00058-3
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kulp, Kristen S.
AU  - Fortson, Susan L.
AU  - Knize, Mark G.
AU  - Felton, James S.
T1  - An in vitro model system to predict the bioaccessibility of heterocyclic amines from a cooked meat matrix
JO  - Food & Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food & Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 41
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1701
SN  - 02786915
AB  - To understand the impact of variation in digestion parameters on the release of heterocyclic amines naturally formed during cooking, we developed and characterized a model system to assess the effect of amylase, pepsin, and pancreatin on digestion of well-done chicken. The amounts of MeIQx, DiMeIQx, IFP, and PhIP in the liquid portion of the digestate were compared to levels in the undigested meat to determine the percentage released (accessible fraction). Incubating the meat with amylase and pepsin did not change the accessibility of HAs when compared to incubation with water alone. In contrast, increasing amounts of pancreatin increased the accessibility up to 6.4-fold. Comparing the amounts of the HAs in the liquid to the solid fraction showed that there was more MeIQx, DiMeIQx, and IFP in the liquid fraction. In contrast, PhIP was equally divided between the solid and liquid fractions. For all four compounds, increasing the doneness of the meat decreased the amount of the compound accessible from the meat matrix. Our data suggest that bioaccessability of HAs may vary according to the polarity of the individual HAs and also may depend upon the doneness of the meat. These results may have important ramifications for human feeding studies, which assume that the total amount of each HA in the meat matrix is equally bioavailable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Food & Chemical Toxicology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - AMINES
KW  - DIGESTION
KW  - MEAT
KW  - PANCREATIN
KW  - 2-amino-(1,6-dimethylfuro[3,2-e]imidazo[4,5-b])pyridine (IFP)
KW  - 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (105650-23-5) (PhIP)
KW  - 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (CAS# 95896-78-9) (DiMeIQx)
KW  - 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (77500-04-0) (MeIQx)
KW  - Digestion
KW  - Food mutagen
KW  - HA
KW  - heterocyclic aromatic amine (HA)
KW  - high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
KW  - IFP
KW  - MeIQx
KW  - PhIP
KW  - propylsulfonic acid silica (PRS)
N1  - Accession Number: 11041076; Kulp, Kristen S.; Email Address: kulp2@llnl.gov Fortson, Susan L. 1 Knize, Mark G. 1 Felton, James S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, PO Box 808, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 41 Issue 12, p1701; Subject Term: HETEROCYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: DIGESTION; Subject Term: MEAT; Subject Term: PANCREATIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-(1,6-dimethylfuro[3,2-e]imidazo[4,5-b])pyridine (IFP); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (105650-23-5) (PhIP); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (CAS# 95896-78-9) (DiMeIQx); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (77500-04-0) (MeIQx); Author-Supplied Keyword: Digestion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food mutagen; Author-Supplied Keyword: HA; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterocyclic aromatic amine (HA); Author-Supplied Keyword: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Author-Supplied Keyword: IFP; Author-Supplied Keyword: MeIQx; Author-Supplied Keyword: PhIP; Author-Supplied Keyword: propylsulfonic acid silica (PRS); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424470 Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413160 Red meat and meat product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311613 Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 445210 Meat Markets; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0278-6915(03)00197-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Milonni, Peter W.
T1  - Comment on Cole and Zou's Classical Computations of the Hydrogen Ground State.
JO  - Foundations of Physics Letters
JF  - Foundations of Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 619
EP  - 621
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 08949875
AB  - The interesting results of stochastic-electrodynamical computations of the hydrogen ground state suggest other numerical experiments that might sharpen our understanding of the differences between classical and quantum theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Foundations of Physics Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ATOMIC hydrogen
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - atomic stability
KW  - semiclassical radiation theory
KW  - stochastic electrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 17010379; Milonni, Peter W. 1; Email Address: pwm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (T-DOT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; E-mail:; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p619; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ATOMIC hydrogen; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: atomic stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: semiclassical radiation theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic electrodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillips, N.
AU  - Bond, B. J.
AU  - McDowell, N. O.
AU  - Ryan, M. O.
AU  - Schauer, A.
T1  - Leaf area compounds height-related hydraulic costs of water transport in Oregon White Oak trees.
JO  - Functional Ecology
JF  - Functional Ecology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 832
EP  - 840
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02698463
AB  - 1. The ratio of leaf to sapwood area generally decreases with tree size, presumably to moderate hydraulic costs of tree height. This study assessed consequences of tree size and leaf area on water flux in Quercus garryana Dougl. ex. Hook (Oregon White Oak), a species in which leaf to sapwood area ratio increases with tree size. We tested hypotheses that Q. garryana individuals of greater size and leaf area show reduced leaf- specific hydraulic conductance (K[subL]), crown water flux per leaf area (E[subL]), and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ). 2. K[[subL], E[subL] and Δ differed between trees of two size classes examined, with 25 m trees showing evidence of lower water flux and carbon isotopic discrimination compared to 10 m trees. Whole-tree water fluxes were smaller in 25 m than in 10 m trees both per unit sapwood and per leaf area, but more so per unit leaf area: 25 m trees had a leaf to sapwood area ratio 1.6 times greater than that of 10 m trees. 3. The findings from this study are unique in that increased leaf to sapwood area ratio of larger trees compounded hydraulic constraints on water transport due to tree height. These results provide further support and generality to the hypothesis of hydraulic limitations to tree-water flux, and show that limitations to water flux are not necessarily accompanied by the structural compensation of reduced crown leaf area in larger trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Functional Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Transpiration of plants
KW  - Leaves
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Oregon oak
KW  - Xylem
KW  - Cost
KW  - Isotopes
KW  - Quercus
KW  - sap flow
KW  - transpiration
KW  - xylem.
N1  - Accession Number: 11619540; Phillips, N. 1; Email Address: nathan@bu.cdu; Bond, B. J. 2; McDowell, N. O. 3; Ryan, M. O. 4,5; Schauer, A. 6; Affiliations: 1: Geography Department, Boston University; 675 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215.; 2: Oregon State University, Forest Science Department, Corvallis, OR 97331.; 3: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; 4: US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Port Collins, CO 80526.; 5: Department of Forest Sciences and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.; 6: Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p832; Thesaurus Term: Transpiration of plants; Thesaurus Term: Leaves; Thesaurus Term: Hydraulics; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Subject Term: Oregon oak; Subject Term: Xylem; Subject Term: Cost; Subject Term: Isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus; Author-Supplied Keyword: sap flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: xylem.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2003.00791.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neal, Andrew L.
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Geesey, Gill G.
AU  - Gorby, Yuri A.
AU  - Little, Brenda J.
T1  - Surface structure effects on direct reduction of iron oxides by Shewanella oneidensis
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 67
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4489
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The atomic and electronic structure of mineral surfaces affects many environmentally important processes such as adsorption phenomena. They are however rarely considered relevant to dissimilatory bacterial reduction of iron and manganese minerals. In this regard, surface area and thermodynamics are more commonly considered. Here we take a first step towards understanding the nature of the influence of mineral surface structure upon the rate of electron transfer from Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 outer membrane proteins to the mineral surface and the subsequent effect upon cell “activity.” Cell accumulation has been used as a proxy for cell activity at three iron oxide single crystal faces; hematite (001), magnetite (111) and magnetite (100). Clear differences in cell accumulation at, and release from the surfaces are observed, with significantly more cells accumulating at hematite (001) compared to either magnetite face whilst relatively more cells are released into the overlying aqueous phase from the two magnetite faces than hematite. Modeling of the electron transfer process to the different mineral surfaces from a decaheme (protoporphyrin rings containing a central hexacoordinate iron atom), outer membrane-bound cytochrome of S. oneidensis has been accomplished by employing both Marcus and ab initio density functional theories. The resultant model of electron transfer to the three oxide faces predicts that over the entire range of expected electron transfer distances the highest electron transfer rates occur at the hematite (001) surface, mirroring the observed cell accumulation data. Electron transfer rates to either of the two magnetite surfaces are slower, with magnetite (111) slower than hematite (001) by approximately two orders of magnitude. A lack of knowledge regarding the structural details of the heme-mineral interface, especially in regards to atomic distances and relative orientations of hemes and surface iron atoms and the conformation of the protein envelope, precludes a more thorough analysis. However, the results of the modeling concur with the empirical observation that mineral surface structure has a clear influence on mineral surface-associated cell activity. Thus surface structure effects must be accounted for in future studies of cell-mineral interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - MANGANESE
N1  - Accession Number: 11399994; Neal, Andrew L. 1,2; Email Address: neal@srel.edu Rosso, Kevin M. 3 Geesey, Gill G. 4,5 Gorby, Yuri A. 3 Little, Brenda J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA  2: Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC 29802, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Biotechnology Department, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA  5: Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA  6: Oceanography Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, Starkville, MS 39529, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 67 Issue 23, p4489; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: MANGANESE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00386-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snyder, Glen T.
AU  - Riese, Walter C. “Rusty”
AU  - Franks, Stephen
AU  - Fehn, Udo
AU  - Pelzmann, William L.
AU  - Gorody, Anthony W.
AU  - Moran, Jean E.
T1  - Origin and history of waters associated with coalbed methane: 129I, 36Cl, and stable isotope results from the Fruitland Formation, CO and NM
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 67
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4529
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The Fruitland Formation of the San Juan Basin was deposited during the late Cretaceous and is associated with significant reservoirs of coalbed methane (CBM). The purpose of this study is to determine the origin and history of waters associated with the formation, using long-lived cosmogenic and stable isotope systems. Ratios of 129I/I and stable isotope values (δD and δ18O) were determined in waters from close to 100 wells, 36Cl/Cl ratios for a subset of these samples. A significant group of samples has 129I/I ratios between 100 × 10−15 and 200 × 10−15, indicating minimum iodine ages close to 60 Ma. If these ages are corrected for the addition of fissiogenic 129I, they are compatible with the depositional age of the Fruitland Formation (Late Cretaceous).Several sets of waters are clearly present within the data. A group dominated by infiltration of recent surface waters is restricted to the uplifted basin margins, with a lateral extent of less than 5 km from outcrop, and is characterized by 129I/I ratios in excess of 1500 × 10−15 and meteoric δD, δ18O, and 36Cl/Cl signatures. The rest of the basin is characterized by several subsets of formation waters which have undergone variable degrees of iodine enrichment through diagenesis as well as variable degrees of dilution. The first subgroup is found in coals of relatively low vitrinite reflectance and moderate enrichment of iodine. This subgroup predominantly consists of entrapped pore fluids, although it may also contain waters which infiltrated the coals at the time of the Laramide uplift, between 25 and 30 Ma. A second subgroup consists of formation waters associated with coals of high vitrinite reflectance. Despite subsequent uplift, the high iodine concentrations and low 129I/I ratios of this subgroup, as well as a moderate depletion of deuterium relative to 18O, suggest that these waters were not significantly altered since the time when diagenetic reactions occurred in the deepest portion of the basin. A third subgroup, with higher δD and δ18O values as well as higher 129I/I ratios, extends roughly west to east at the New Mexico–Colorado state line and corresponds to a region of extensive fracturing of the coalbeds. In this case, the higher 129I/I ratios are probably due to contributions of fissiogenic 129I through fracture flow, perhaps from deeper formation waters. Our results do not support models of subsequent basin-wide groundwater migration in the Fruitland Formation. The combined use of 129I and 36Cl with stable isotope studies provides valuable information as to the hydrologic history of coalbed methane deposits, as well as their potential for commercial exploitation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - METHANE
KW  - IODINE
N1  - Accession Number: 11399997; Snyder, Glen T. 1; Email Address: gsnyder@rice.edu Riese, Walter C. “Rusty” 2 Franks, Stephen 3 Fehn, Udo 1 Pelzmann, William L. 2 Gorody, Anthony W. 4 Moran, Jean E. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, 227 Hutchison Hall, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  2: BP America Production Co., MC 19.140, 501 WestLake Park Blvd., Houston, TX 77079, USA  3: RockFluid Systems Inc., 2200 Old Orchard Drive, Plano, TX 75023, USA  4: Universal Geoscience Consulting, Inc., 11807 Taylorcrest Rd., Suite 1, Houston, TX 77024, USA  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-231, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 67 Issue 23, p4529; Subject Term: RESERVOIRS; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: IODINE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00380-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Hartz-Rubin, Jennifer S.
AU  - Verbrugge, Maria J.
T1  - Phenological responses in maple to experimental atmospheric warming and CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 9
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1792
EP  - 1801
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - Evidence that global warming has altered the phenology of the biosphere, possibly contributing to increased plant production in the northern hemisphere, has come from a diversity of observations at scales ranging from the view of the back yard to satellite images of the earth. These observations, coupled with an understanding of the effects of temperature on plant phenology, suggest that future changes in the atmosphere and climate could alter plant phenology with unknown or unpredictable consequences. We assessed the effects of simulated climatic warming and atmospheric CO2 enrichment on the spring and autumn phenology of maple trees ( Acer rubrum and A. saccharum) growing for four years in open-top field chambers. CO2 enrichment (+300 ppm) had no consistent effects on the timing of budbreak and leaf unfolding in the spring or leaf abscission in the autumn. Warming (+4°C) usually had predictable effects: in two of the three years of assessment, budbreak occurred earlier in warm chambers than in ambient temperature chambers, and leaf abscission always occurred later. The lengthening of the growing season could contribute to increased productivity, although effects of temperature on other physiological processes can concurrently have negative effects on productivity. In 1995, budbreak was unexpectedly delayed in the warmer chambers, apparently the result of advanced budbreak leading to injury from a late-spring frost. Likewise, there was increased risk associated with longer leaf retention in the autumn: in 1994, leaves in the warm chambers were killed by freezing temperatures before they had senesced. These observations support the premise that global warming could increase the length of the growing season. Phenological responses should, therefore, be part of any assessment of the possible consequences of global change, but our results also suggest that those responses may not always have positive effects on production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAPLE
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - PLANT phenology
N1  - Accession Number: 11691734; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov Hartz-Rubin, Jennifer S. 2 Verbrugge, Maria J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: St Olaf College, USA  3: Earlham College, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 9 Issue 12, p1792; Subject Term: MAPLE; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: PLANT phenology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111994 Maple syrup and products production; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00714.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buddemeier, Brooke
T1  - Planning and Preparing for Emergency Response to Transportation Accidents Involving Radioactive Material (Book).
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 761
EP  - 761
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Reviews the book "Planning and Preparing for Emergency Response to Transportation Accidents Involving Radioactive Material".
KW  - Nuclear accidents
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Planning & Preparing for Emergency Response to Transportation Accidents Involving Radioactive Material (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11520133; Buddemeier, Brooke 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p761; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear accidents; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Planning & Preparing for Emergency Response to Transportation Accidents Involving Radioactive Material (Book); Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ablett, J. M.
AU  - Kao, C. C.
AU  - Shieh, S. R.
AU  - Mao, H.-K.
AU  - Croft, M.
AU  - Tyson, T. A.
T1  - High-pressure X-ray near-edge absorption study of thallium rhenium oxide up to 10.86 GPa.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 476
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - High-pressure X-ray near-edge absorption measurements have been performed on thallium rhenium oxide (TlReO 4 ) up to 10.86 GPa at room temperature and in a diamond-anvil cell. At ∼10 GPa, TlReO 4 undergoes a large volume collapse and a striking optical transition, changing from transparent to opaque. A model has been proposed by Jayaraman et al. that the high-pressure phase transition is associated with a charge transfer from the thallium to rhenium atom; Tl 1+ (Re 7+ O 4 ) -1 → Tl 3+ (Re 5+ O 4 ) -3 and an accompanying truly octahedral coordination of the rhenium atom with respect to the surrounding oxygen cage. In this article, we find a significant broadening of ∼1.5 eV of the white-line feature at the rhenium L 3 (2p 3/2 → 5d) absorption-edge above this transition, and no evidence for the proposed valence change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - THALLIUM compounds
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Thallium rhenium oxide
KW  - X-ray absorption
N1  - Accession Number: 11623178; Ablett, J. M. 1; Email Address: jabIett@bnI.gov Kao, C. C. 1 Shieh, S. R. 2 Mao, H.-K. 3 Croft, M. 4 Tyson, T. A. 5; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg 725D, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Guvot Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  3: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C. 20015, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of  New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA  5: Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Room 452 Tiernan Hall, 161 Warren Street, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102-1982, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p471; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: THALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thallium rhenium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08957950310001615839
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pavlik, Peter
AU  - Siegel, Robert W.
AU  - Marzari, Roberto
AU  - Sblattero, Daniele
AU  - Verzillo, Vittorio
AU  - Collins, Colin
AU  - Marks, James D.
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
T1  - Predicting antigenic peptides suitable for the selection of phage antibodies.
JO  - Human Antibodies
JF  - Human Antibodies
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
EP  - 112
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10932607
AB  - Selection from phage antibody libraries can be considered to be an in vitro immune system in which the antibody response is reduced to the bare minimum of antigen recognition. Using selections of antibodies on peptides from a phage antibody library, we investigated what constitutes peptide antigenicity in the context of the antibody-protein binding site. We selected polyclonal antibodies in a high throughput format against 44% of 90 overlapping peptides derived from three different proteins. Of these, 33% of peptides (epitopic peptides) were able to select antibodies that recognized the protein from which the peptides were derived. Although no algorithm was able to predict all epitopic peptides, solvent accessibility was the best predictor in this cell-free antibody selection context. We subsequently applied solvent accessibility to successfully predict epitopic peptides from p53 and Znf217, and showed that such peptide selected single-chain antibodies were able to recognize soluble p53 in ELISA and Znf217 in a western blot. This is likely to have considerable utility in functional genomics and proteomics where it should be possible to select antibodies against gene products on the basis of deduced amino acid sequence in a high throughput fashion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human Antibodies is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGES
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - high throughput selection
KW  - peptides
KW  - phage display
KW  - single chain antibodies
N1  - Accession Number: 12968595; Pavlik, Peter 1 Siegel, Robert W. 1,2 Marzari, Roberto 3 Sblattero, Daniele 3 Verzillo, Vittorio 1 Collins, Colin 4 Marks, James D. 5 Bradbury, Andrew 1,6; Email Address: amb@telomere.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Molecular Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 993521, USA  3: Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita' di Trieste, Trieste, Italy  4: Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA  5: Department of Anesthesia and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA  6: SISSA (International School for Advanced Studies), Trieste 34014, Italy; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p99; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: BACTERIOPHAGES; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: high throughput selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: peptides; Author-Supplied Keyword: phage display; Author-Supplied Keyword: single chain antibodies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roudabeh J.  Jamasbi
AU  - Gary D.  Stoner
AU  - Linda J.  Foote
AU  - Trish K.  Lankford
AU  - Sandra  Davern
AU  - Stephen J.  Kennel
T1  - A Monoclonal Antibody to a Carbohydrate Epitope Expressed on Glycolipid and on α3β1 Integrin on Human Esophageal Carcinoma.
JO  - Hybridoma & Hybridomics
JF  - Hybridoma & Hybridomics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 376
SN  - 15368599
AB  - A mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb-9) produced by immunization with a human esophageal carcinoma cell line, TE-2 (derived from undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma) reacted specifically with about 30%         of esophageal carcinoma cell lines and tissue sections from clinical samples. MAb-9 showed minimal reactivity with normal esophageal tissue. 125I, fluorescent or gold particle labeled MAb-9 bound         to TE-2 cell surfaces. 125I-radiolabeled MAb-9 was used to detect reactive material from cell extracts in Western blot. Treatment of TE-2 membrane proteins with neuraminidase, N-glycanase or         O-glycanase reduced antigen detection. Treatment of cells with periodic acid destroyed antibody binding in ELISA. Lipid extracts from cell membranes, containing glycolipids, also reacted with MAb-9. MAb-9         was used to purify target antigen from detergent solubilized membrane proteins and the prominent bands from subsequent gel electrophoresis were trypsin digested and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Peptides         from α3 and β1 integrin chains were identified. These data indicate that α3β1 integrin is prominently expressed         on certain esophageal carcinomas and that a specific carbohydrate unit is selectively displayed on the α3 integrin subunit as well as on glycolipid on the cell surface. The α3β1 integrin expressed on A-431 carcinoma cells does not display this carbohydrate epitope and is not detected by MAb-9. Thus, expression of the carbohydrate epitope is the basis for         the tumor selective reaction of MAb-9 with a subset of esophageal carcinomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Hybridoma & Hybridomics is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - ANTIGENIC determinants
KW  - GLYCOLIPIDS
KW  - INTEGRINS
N1  - Accession Number: 20031210; Roudabeh J.  Jamasbi 1 Gary D.  Stoner 2 Linda J.  Foote 3 Trish K.  Lankford 3 Sandra  Davern 3 Stephen J.  Kennel 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Public & Allied Health, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio  2: Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p367; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Subject Term: ANTIGENIC determinants; Subject Term: GLYCOLIPIDS; Subject Term: INTEGRINS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibbard, S.G.
AU  - de Pater, I.
AU  - Roe, H.G.
AU  - Martin, S.
AU  - Macintosh, B.A.
AU  - Max, C.E.
T1  - The altitude of Neptune cloud features from high-spatial-resolution near-infrared spectra
JO  - ICARUS
JF  - ICARUS
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 166
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
SN  - 00191035
AB  - We report on observations of Neptune from the 10-meter W.M. Keck II Telescope on June 17–18 (UT) 2000 and August 2–3 (UT) 2002 using the adaptive optics (AO) system to obtain a spatial resolution of 0.06 arcseconds. With this spatial resolution we can obtain spectra of individual bright features on the disk of Neptune in a filter centered near 2 microns. The use of a gas-only, simple reflecting layer radiative transfer model allows us to estimate the best fit altitudes of 18 bright features seen on these 4 nights and to set a constraint on the fraction of hydrogen in ortho/para equilibrium. On these nights there were three main types of features observed: northern hemisphere features in the range from <f>+30</f> to <f>−45</f> degrees; southern hemisphere features in the range from <f>−30</f> to <f>−50</f> degrees; and small southern features at <f>−70</f> degrees. We find that the altitudes of the northern features are in the range from 0.023–0.064 bar, which places them in Neptune''s stratosphere. Southern features at <f>−30</f> to <f>−50</f> degrees are mainly at altitudes from 0.10 to 0.14 bars. The small features at <f>−70</f> degrees are somewhat deeper in the upper troposphere, at 0.17 and 0.27 bars. This pattern of features located at higher altitudes in the northern hemisphere and lower altitudes in the south has also been noted by previous observers. The best fits for all the observed spectra give a value of 1.0 for the fraction of hydrogen in ortho/para equilibrium; the value of the helium fraction is less well constrained by the data at 0.24. We suggest that the southern mid-latitude features are methane haze circulated up from below, while the <f>−70</f>° features may be isolated areas of upwelling in a general area of subsidence. Northern bright features may be due to subsidence of stratospheric haze material rather than upwelling and condensation of methane gas. We suggest that convection efficiently transports methane ice clouds to the tropopause in the Southern mid latitudes and thus plays a key role in the stratospheric haze production cycle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICARUS is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALTITUDES
KW  - INFRARED photography
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - NEPTUNE (Planet)
KW  - atmosphere (Neptune)
KW  - Infrared observations
N1  - Accession Number: 11519060; Gibbard, S.G. 1; Email Address: sgibbard@igpp.ucllnl.org de Pater, I. 2 Roe, H.G. 3 Martin, S. 2 Macintosh, B.A. 1 Max, C.E. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Astronomy Department, 601 Campbell Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  4: Center for Adaptive Optics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 94064, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 166 Issue 2, p359; Subject Term: ALTITUDES; Subject Term: INFRARED photography; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: NEPTUNE (Planet); Author-Supplied Keyword: atmosphere (Neptune); Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared observations; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.icarus.2003.07.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11519060&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dickey, F.M.
AU  - Romero, L.A.
AU  - DeLaurentis, J.M.
AU  - Doerry, A.W.
T1  - Super-resolution, degrees of freedom and synthetic aperture radar.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Radar, Sonar & Navigation
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Radar, Sonar & Navigation
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 150
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 429
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 13502395
AB  - Investigates the potential application of super-resolution concepts to synthetic aperture radar.  Operator inversion problem; Eigenvalue spectrum of the associated operator; Resolution enhancement of synthetic aperture radar images.
KW  - SYNTHETIC aperture radar
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
KW  - IMAGE processing
N1  - Accession Number: 11660495; Dickey, F.M. 1 Romero, L.A. 1 DeLaurentis, J.M. 1 Doerry, A.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 150 Issue 6, p419; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC aperture radar; Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); Subject Term: IMAGE processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Day, Arthur C.
AU  - Hull, John R.
AU  - Strasik, Michael
AU  - Johnson, Phil E.
AU  - McCrary, Kevin E.
AU  - Edwards, John
AU  - Mittleider, John A.
AU  - Schindler, James R.
AU  - Hawkins, Richard A.
AU  - Yoder, Michael L.
T1  - Corrections to "Temperature and Frequency Effects in a High-Performance Superconducting Bearing".
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 3873
EP  - 3875
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Presents corrections to the article "Temperature and Frequency Effects in a High-Performance Superconducting Bearing," published in a previous issue of the journal, "IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity."
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12120900; Day, Arthur C.; Email Address: arthur.c.day@boeing.com Hull, John R. 1; Email Address: jhull@anl.gov Strasik, Michael Johnson, Phil E. McCrary, Kevin E. Edwards, John Mittleider, John A. Schindler, James R. Hawkins, Richard A. Yoder, Michael L.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p3873; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Correction notice
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chylek, Petr
AU  - Borel, Christoph C.
AU  - Clodius, William
AU  - Pope, Paul A.
AU  - Rodger, Andrew P.
T1  - Satellite-Based Columnar Water Vapor Retrieval With the Multi-spectral Thermal Imager (MTI).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 41
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2767
EP  - 2770
SN  - 01962892
AB  - The Multi-spectral Thermal Imager (MTI) has three near-infrared bands (E, F, and G) within the 850-1050-nm spectral range that are used for the columnar water vapor (CWV) retrieval using the continuum interpolated band ratio (CIBR) and the atmospheric precorrected differential absorption (APDA) methods. The retrieved CWV amounts are compared with the aerosol robotic network (AERONET) measurements at the Oklahoma Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program and the Stennis Space Center sites. We find no significant difference in the accuracy of the two tested methods. However, there is a considerable difference in the root mean square error (RMSE) for the CWV retrieval over the Oklahoma ARM and the Stennis Space Center sites. The overall RMSE of the MTI CWV retrieval is found to be 13% to 14%. The error is reduced to 11% to 12% for CWV amounts larger then 1 g/cm[SUP2]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC water vapor
KW  - RADIATION measurements
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - VISIBILITY
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - Atmospheric measurements
KW  - remote sensing
KW  - satellites
KW  - water vapor.
N1  - Accession Number: 12258304; Chylek, Petr 1; Email Address: chylek@lanl.gov Borel, Christoph C. 1 Clodius, William 1 Pope, Paul A. 1 Rodger, Andrew P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 41 Issue 12, p2767; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC water vapor; Subject Term: RADIATION measurements; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: VISIBILITY; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: remote sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: satellites; Author-Supplied Keyword: water vapor.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TGRS.2003.814914
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12258304&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferlet-Cavrios, V.
AU  - Paillet, P.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Shennyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Baggio, J.
AU  - Torres, A.
AU  - Flament, O.
T1  - Charge Collection by Capacitive Influence Through Isolation Oxides.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 228
EP  - 2218
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper analyzes the collected charge in heavy ion irradiated MOS structures. The charge generated in the substrate induces displacement effect which strongly depends on the capacitor structure. Networks of capacitors are particularly sensitive to charge sharing effects. This has important implications for the reliability of SOI and DRAMs whichuse isolation oxides as a key elementary structure. The buried oxide of presentday and future SOI technologies is thick enough to avoid a significant collection from displacement effects. Ont eh other hand, the retention capacitors of trench DRAMs are particularly sensitive to charge release in the substrate. Charge collection on retention capacitors participate to the MBU sensitivity of DRAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Diodes
KW  - Capacitors
KW  - Random access memory
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Silicon-on-insulator technology
KW  - charge collection
KW  - charge sharing
KW  - device simulation
KW  - diodes
KW  - DRAMs
KW  - heavy ion irradiation
KW  - isolation oxides
KW  - MBU sensitivity
KW  - MOS structures
KW  - SOI technology
KW  - SRAMs
KW  - transient currents
KW  - trench capacitors.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517469; Ferlet-Cavrios, V. 1; Paillet, P. 1; Schwank, J. R. 2; Vizkelethy, G. 2; Shennyfelt, M. R. 2; Baggio, J. 1; Torres, A. 1; Flament, O. 1; Affiliations: 1: CEA/DIF, BP12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Ch&acirctel, France.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p228; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Subject Term: Diodes; Subject Term: Capacitors; Subject Term: Random access memory; Subject Term: Heavy ions; Subject Term: Silicon-on-insulator technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge collection; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge sharing; Author-Supplied Keyword: device simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: diodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: DRAMs; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: isolation oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: MBU sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOS structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOI technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: SRAMs; Author-Supplied Keyword: transient currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: trench capacitors.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821818
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517469&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holbert, Keith E.
AU  - Nessel, James A.
AU  - McCready, Steven S.
AU  - Heger, A. Sharif
AU  - Harlow, Thomas H.
T1  - Response of Piezoresistive MEMS Accelerometers and Pressure Transducers to High Gamma Dose.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1852
EP  - 1860
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Several piezoresistive microelectromechanical (MEMS) sensors are operated in a gamma ray environment to doses of 800 kGy. The pressure transducers and accelerometers are micromachined silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and bulk silicon devices, respectively. Both sensor types experienced similar performance. degradation: a drift in offset voltage with a slight increase in sensitivity. We explain the drift in offset voltage for all sensors tested by correlating the change in resistance of the silicon piezoresistors to the formation of oxide and interface trapped hole charges. We demonstrate how these charges effectively reduce the volume for current flow through the piezoresistors due to the creation of a depletion region surrounding the periphery of the gage resistors. Differences in tie magnitude of the output voltage drift of the two sensor types are determined to be related to the unique construction of each sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Microelectromechanical systems
KW  - Accelerometers
KW  - Gamma rays
KW  - Pressure transducers
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Electric resistors
KW  - gamma radiation
KW  - microelectromechanical (MEMS)
KW  - plezoresistive
KW  - pressure transducers.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517418; Holbert, Keith E. 1; Email Address: Holbert@asu.edu; Nessel, James A. 1; McCready, Steven S. 2; Heger, A. Sharif 2; Harlow, Thomas H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.; 2: Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1852; Subject Term: Microelectromechanical systems; Subject Term: Accelerometers; Subject Term: Gamma rays; Subject Term: Pressure transducers; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Electric resistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: microelectromechanical (MEMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: plezoresistive; Author-Supplied Keyword: pressure transducers.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821373
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517418&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hjalmarson, Harold P.
AU  - Pease, Ronald L.
AU  - Witczak, Steven C.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, Marty R.
AU  - Schwank, James R.
AU  - Edwards, Arthur H.
AU  - Hembree, Charles E.
AU  - Mattsson, Thomas R.
T1  - Mechanisms for Radiation. Dose-Rate Sensitivity of Bipolar Transistors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1901
EP  - 1909
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Mechanisms for enhanced low-dose-rate sensitivity are described. In these mechanisms, bimolecular reactions dominate the kinetics at high dose rates thereby causing a sub-linear dependence on total dose, and this leads. to a dose-rate dependence. These bimolecular mechanisms include electron-hole. recombination, hydrogen recapture at hydrogen source sites, and hydrogen dimerization to form hydrogen molecules. The essence of each of these mechanisms is the dominance of the bimolecular reactions over the radiolysis reaction at high dose rates. However, at low dose rates, the radiolysis reaction dominates leading to a maximum effect of the radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Bipolar transistors
KW  - Semiconductor junctions
KW  - Silica
KW  - Protons
KW  - Bimolecular reaction
KW  - bipolar junction transistor
KW  - cracking
KW  - dimerization
KW  - dose rate
KW  - ELORS
KW  - excess base current
KW  - hole
KW  - hydrogen
KW  - interface trap
KW  - kinetics
KW  - proton
KW  - radiation
KW  - recombination
KW  - silicon dioxide.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517426; Hjalmarson, Harold P. 1; Email Address: hphjalm@sandia.gov; Pease, Ronald L. 2; Witczak, Steven C. 3; Email Address: steven.c.witczak@aero.org; Shaneyfelt, Marty R. 4; Schwank, James R. 4; Edwards, Arthur H. 5; Hembree, Charles E. 6; Mattsson, Thomas R. 7; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-0316, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 2: RLP Research, Los Lunas NM 87031 USA.; 3: Electronics Technology Center, Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA.; 4: Department 1762-1, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 5: Air Force Research Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.; 6: Department 1739, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 7: Department 1674, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1901; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen; Subject Term: Bipolar transistors; Subject Term: Semiconductor junctions; Subject Term: Silica; Subject Term: Protons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bimolecular reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: bipolar junction transistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: dimerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: ELORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: excess base current; Author-Supplied Keyword: hole; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface trap; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon dioxide.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821803
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517426&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felix, J. A.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Meisenheimer, T. L.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Dodd, P. E.
AU  - Gusev, E. P.
AU  - D'Emic, C.
T1  - Radiation-Induced Charge Trapping in Thin. A1[sub2]O[sub3]/SiO[subx]N[suby]/Si( 100) Gate Dielectric Stacks.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1910
EP  - 1918
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We examine the total-dose radiation response of capacitors and transistors with stacked Al&sub2;O&sub3; On oxynitride gate dielectrics with Al and poly-Si gates after irradiation with 10 keV X-rays. The midgap voltage shift increase monotonically with dose and depends strongly on both Al&sub2;O&sub3; and SiOxNy thickness! The thinnest dielectrics, of most interest to industry, are extrenely hard to ionizing irradiation, exhibiting only ∼50 mV of shift at a total dose of 10 Mrad(SiO&sub2;) for the worst case bias condition. Oxygen anneals are found to improve the total dose radiation response by ∼SO% and induce a small amount of capacitance-voltage hysteresis. Al&sub2; O&sub3; /SiOxNy dielectrics which receive a ∼1000°C dopaut activation anneal trap ∼12% more of the initial charge than films annealed at 550°C. Charge pumping measurements show that the interface trap density decreases with dose up to 500 krad(SiO&sub2;). This surprising result is discussed with respect to hydrogen effects in alternative dielectric materials, and may be the result of radiation-induced hydrogen passivation of some of the near-interfacial defects in these gate dielectrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Capacitors
KW  - Transistors
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Hysteresis
KW  - Dielectrics
KW  - Alternative dielectric
KW  - annealing
KW  - bias dependence
KW  - charge pumping
KW  - electron tunneling
KW  - high-k
KW  - interface trap
KW  - MOS capacitor
KW  - oxide trapped charge
KW  - processing
KW  - radiation effects
KW  - radiation response.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517427; Felix, J. A. 1; Email Address: james.a.felix@vanderbilt.edu; Shaneyfelt, M. R. 2; Fleetwood, D. M. 1; Meisenheimer, T. L. 2; Schwank, J. R. 2; Schrimpf, R. D. 1; Dodd, P. E. 2; Gusev, E. P. 3; D'Emic, C. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, NashviIle, TN 37235 USA.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1083 USA.; 3: IBM Semiconductor Research and Development Center, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1910; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: Capacitors; Subject Term: Transistors; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Hysteresis; Subject Term: Dielectrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alternative dielectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: bias dependence; Author-Supplied Keyword: charge pumping; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron tunneling; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-k; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface trap; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOS capacitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxide trapped charge; Author-Supplied Keyword: processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation response.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820763
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517427&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuominen, E.
AU  - Härkönen, J.
AU  - Tuovinen, E.
AU  - Lassila-Perini, K.
AU  - Luukka, P.
AU  - Mehtäl&aauml;, P.
AU  - Nummela, S.
AU  - Nysten, J.
AU  - Zibellini, A.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Heikkilä, P.
AU  - Ovchinnikov, V.
AU  - Yli-Koski, M.
AU  - Laitinen, P.
AU  - Pirojenko, A.
AU  - Riihim&aauml;ki, I.
AU  - Virtanen, A.
T1  - Radiation Hardness of Czochraiski Silicon Studied by 10-MeV and 20-MeV Protons.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1942
EP  - 1946
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We have processed pin-diodes on Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si), standard float zone silicon (Fz-Si), and diffusion oxygenated float zone silicons (DOF) and irradiated them with 10- and 20-MeV protons. Evolutions of depletion voltage and leakage current as a function of irradiation dose were measured. Space charge sign inversion (SCSI) was Investigated by an annealing study and verified by. transient current technique (TCT). Czochraiski silicon was found to be significantly more radiation hard tan the other materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Silicon diodes
KW  - Protons
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Czochralski silicon
KW  - radiation hardness
KW  - silicon detectors.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517432; Tuominen, E. 1; Email Address: eija.tuominen@cern.ch; Härkönen, J. 1; Tuovinen, E. 1; Lassila-Perini, K. 1; Luukka, P. 1; Mehtäl&aauml;, P. 1; Nummela, S. 1; Nysten, J. 1; Zibellini, A. 1; Li, Z. 2; Heikkilä, P. 3; Ovchinnikov, V. 3; Yli-Koski, M. 4; Laitinen, P. 5; Pirojenko, A. 5; Riihim&aauml;ki, I. 5; Virtanen, A. 5; Affiliations: 1: Helsinki Institute of Physics, CERN/EP, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, USA.; 3: Microelectronics Center, Helsinki University of Technology, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland.; 4: Electron Physics Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland.; 5: Accelerator Laboratory, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40351 Jyväskylä, Finland.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p1942; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Subject Term: Silicon diodes; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Czochralski silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon detectors.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821405
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517432&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham, Paul
AU  - Caifrey, Michael
AU  - Johnson, D. Eric
AU  - Rollins, Nathaniel
AU  - Wirthlin, Michael
T1  - SEU Mitigation for Half-Latches in Xilinx Virtex FPGAs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2139
EP  - 2146
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The performance, in-system reprogrammability, flexibility, and reduced costs of SKAM-based field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) make them very interesting for high-speed on-orbit data processing, but the current generation of radiation-tolerant SRAM-based FPGAs are based on commercial-off-the-shelf technologies and, consequently, are susceptible to single-event upset effects. In this paper, we discuss in detail the consequences of radiation-induced single-event upsets (SEUS) in the state of half-latch structures found in Xilinx Virtex FPGAs and describe methods for mitigating the effects of half-latch SEUs. One mitigation method's effectiveness is then illustrated through experimental data gathered through proton accelerator testing at Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, University of California-Davis. For the specific design and mitigation methodology tested, the mitigated design demonstrated more than an order of magnitude improvement in reliability over the unmitigated version of the design in regards to average proton fluence until circuit failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays
KW  - Proton accelerators
KW  - Random access memory
KW  - Protons
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
KW  - half- latches
KW  - proton accelerator
KW  - radiation effects
KW  - single-event upsets (SEUs).
N1  - Accession Number: 12517461; Graham, Paul 1; Email Address: grahamp@lanI.gov; Caifrey, Michael 1; Johnson, D. Eric 2,3; Rollins, Nathaniel 3; Wirthlin, Michael 3; Affiliations: 1: ISR-3 Space Data Systems, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 3: Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84601 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2139; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Field programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: Proton accelerators; Subject Term: Random access memory; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); Author-Supplied Keyword: half- latches; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: single-event upsets (SEUs).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820744
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517461&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Eric
AU  - Caffrey, Michael
AU  - Graham, Paul
AU  - Rollins, Nathan
AU  - Wirthlin, Michael
T1  - Accelerator Validation of an FPGA SEU Simulator.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2147
EP  - 2158
SN  - 00189499
AB  - An accelerator test was used to validate the performance of an FPGA single event upset (SEU) simulator. The Crocker Nuclear Laboratory cyclotron proton accelerator was used to irradiate the SLAAC1-V, a Xilinx Virtex FPGA board. We also used the SLAAC1-V as the platform for a configuration bitstream SEU simulator. The simulator was used to probe the "sensitive bits" in various logic designs. The objective of the accelerator experiment was to characterize the simulator's ability to predict the behavior of a test design in the proton beam during a dynamic test. The test utilized protons at 63.3 MeV, well above the saturation cross-section for the Virtex part. Protons were chosen because, due to their lower interaction rate, we can achieve the desired upset rate of about one configuration bitstream upset per second. The design output errors and configuration upsets were recorded during the experiment and compared to results from the simulator. In summary, for an extensively tested design, the simulator predicted 97% of the output errors observed during radiation testing. The SEU simulator can now be used with confidence to quickly and affordably examine logic designs to 'map' sensitive bits, to provide assurance that incorporated mitigation techniques perform correctly, and to evaluate the costs and benefits of various mitigation strategies. The simulator provides an excellent test environment that accurately represents radiation induced configuration bitstream upsets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays
KW  - Proton accelerators
KW  - Logic design
KW  - Cyclotrons
KW  - Ion bombardment
KW  - Dynamic testing
KW  - field programmable gate array (FPGA)
KW  - proton accelerator
KW  - radiation
KW  - simulator
KW  - single event upset (SEU).
N1  - Accession Number: 12517462; Johnson, Eric 1,2; Caffrey, Michael 1; Email Address: mpc@lanl.gov; Graham, Paul 1; Rollins, Nathan 3; Wirthlin, Michael 3; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84601 USA.; 3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84601 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2147; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Field programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: Proton accelerators; Subject Term: Logic design; Subject Term: Cyclotrons; Subject Term: Ion bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate array (FPGA); Author-Supplied Keyword: proton accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: single event upset (SEU).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821791
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517462&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Eric
AU  - Caffrey, Michael
AU  - Graham, Paul
AU  - Rollins, Nathan
AU  - Wirthlin, Michael
T1  - Accelerator Validation of an FPGA SEU Simulator.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2147
EP  - 2158
SN  - 00189499
AB  - An accelerator test was used to validate the performance of an FPGA single event upset (SEU) simulator. The Crocker Nuclear Laboratory cyclotron proton accelerator was used to irradiate the SLAAC1-V, a Xilinx Virtex FPGA board. We also used the SLAAC1-V as the platform for a configuration bitstream SEU simulator. The simulator was used to probe the "sensitive bits" in various logic designs. The objective of the accelerator experiment was to characterize the simulator's ability to predict the behavior of a test design in the proton beam during a dynamic test. The test utilized protons at 63.3 MeV, well above the saturation cross-section for the Virtex part. Protons were chosen because, due to their lower interaction rate, we can achieve the desired upset rate of about one configuration bitstream upset per second. The design output errors and configuration upsets were recorded during the experiment and compared to results from the simulator. In summary, for an extensively tested design, the simulator predicted 97% of the output errors observed during radiation testing. The SEU simulator can now be used with confidence to quickly and affordably examine logic designs to 'map' sensitive bits, to provide assurance that incorporated mitigation techniques perform correctly, and to evaluate the costs and benefits of various mitigation strategies. The simulator provides an excellent test environment that accurately represents radiation induced configuration bitstream upsets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - PROTON accelerators
KW  - LOGIC design
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - Dynamic testing
KW  - field programmable gate array (FPGA)
KW  - proton accelerator
KW  - radiation
KW  - simulator
KW  - single event upset (SEU).
N1  - Accession Number: 12517462; Johnson, Eric 1,2 Caffrey, Michael 1; Email Address: mpc@lanl.gov Graham, Paul 1 Rollins, Nathan 3 Wirthlin, Michael 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84601 USA.  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84601 USA.; Source Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2147; Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: PROTON accelerators; Subject Term: LOGIC design; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate array (FPGA); Author-Supplied Keyword: proton accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: single event upset (SEU).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821791
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12517462&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reed, Robert A.
AU  - Marshall, Paul W.
AU  - Pickel, James C.
AU  - Carts, Martin A.
AU  - Fodness, Bryan
AU  - Niu, Guofu
AU  - Fritz, Karl
AU  - Vizkelethy, Gyorgy
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
AU  - Irwin, Tim
AU  - Cressler, John D.
AU  - Krithivasan, Ramkumar
AU  - Riggs, Pamela
AU  - Prairie, Jason
AU  - Randall, Barbara
AU  - Gilbert, Barry
AU  - Label, Kenneth A.
T1  - Heavy-Ion Broad-Beam and Microprobe Studies of Single-Event Upsets in 0.20-#mu;m SiGe Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors and Circuits.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2184
EP  - 2190
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Combining broad-beam circuit level single-event upset (SEU) response with heavy ion microprobe charge collection measurements on single silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors improves understanding of the charge collection mechanisms responsible for SEU response of digital SiGe HBT technology. This new understanding of the SEU mechanisms shows that the right rectangular parallele-piped model for the sensitive volume is not applicable to this technology. A new first-order physical model is proposed and calibrated with moderate success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bipolar transistors
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Heterojunctions
KW  - Ground testing
KW  - modeling
KW  - SiGe
KW  - silicon germanium
KW  - single event effect
KW  - single event upset.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517466; Reed, Robert A. 1; Email Address: robert.a.reed@nasa.gov; Marshall, Paul W. 1; Email Address: pwmarshall@aol.com; Pickel, James C. 2; Email Address: jim@pickel.net; Carts, Martin A. 3; Email Address: mcarts@pop500.gsfc.nasa.gov; Fodness, Bryan; Niu, Guofu 4; Email Address: varadmu@eng.aubum.edu; Fritz, Karl 5; Vizkelethy, Gyorgy 6; Email Address: gvizkel@sandia.gov; Dodd, Paul E. 6; Email Address: pedodd@sandia.gov; Irwin, Tim 7; Email Address: tirwin@pop500.gsfc.nasa.gov; Cressler, John D. 8; Email Address: cressler@ece.gatech.edu; Krithivasan, Ramkumar 8; Riggs, Pamela 5; Prairie, Jason 5; Randall, Barbara 5; Email Address: randall.Barbara@mayo.edu; Gilbert, Barry 5; Label, Kenneth A. 1; Email Address: Kenneth.A.Label@nasa.gov; Affiliations: 1: NASA/GSFC, Code 561.4, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; 2: PR&T, Inc., Fallbrook, CA 92028 USA.; 3: Raytheon ITSS, Code 561.4, Greenbelt, MD 20771USA; 4: Alabama Microelectronics Science and Technology Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.; 5: Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905 USA; 6: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 7: QSS Group, Inc., Code 561.4, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; 8: School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2184; Subject Term: Bipolar transistors; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Germanium; Subject Term: Heavy ions; Subject Term: Heterojunctions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ground testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiGe; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: single event effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: single event upset.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821815
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517466&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Varadharajaperumal, Muthubalan
AU  - Niu, Guofu
AU  - Krithivasan, Ramkumar
AU  - Marshall, Paul W.
AU  - Cressler, John D.
AU  - Vizkelethy, Gyorgy
AU  - Joseph, Alvin J.
AU  - Reed, Robert A.
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
T1  - 3-D Simulation of Heavy-Ion Induced Charge Collection in SiGe HBTs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2191
EP  - 2198
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper presents the first 3D simulation of heavy-ion induced charge collection in a SiGe RBT,together with microbeam testing data. The charge collected by the terminals is a strong function of the ion striking position. The sensitive area of charge collection for each terminal is identified based on analysis of the device structure and simulation results. For a normal strike between the deep trench edges, most of the electrons and holes are collected by the collector and substrate terminals, respectively. For, an ion strike between the shallow trench edges surrounding the emitter, the base collects appreciable amount of charge. Emitter collects negligible amount of charge. Good agreement is achieved between the experimental and simulated data. Problems encountered with mesh generation and charge collection simulation are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emitter-coupled logic circuits
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Ion bombardment
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Deep trench
KW  - DESSIS
KW  - HBT
KW  - LET
KW  - mesh
KW  - polysilicon emitter
KW  - shallow trench
KW  - SIMS
KW  - SRlM
KW  - UHV/CVD.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517467; Varadharajaperumal, Muthubalan 1; Email Address: varadmu@eng.auburn.edu; Niu, Guofu 1; Krithivasan, Ramkumar 2; Marshall, Paul W. 3; Cressler, John D. 2; Vizkelethy, Gyorgy 4; Joseph, Alvin J. 5; Reed, Robert A. 3; Dodd, Paul E. 4; Affiliations: 1: Alabama Microelectronics Science and Technology Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.; 2: School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; 3: NASA-GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; 4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 5: IBM Microelectronics, Essex Junction, VT 05452 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2191; Subject Term: Emitter-coupled logic circuits; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Heavy ions; Subject Term: Germanium; Subject Term: Ion bombardment; Subject Term: Electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep trench; Author-Supplied Keyword: DESSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: HBT; Author-Supplied Keyword: LET; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh; Author-Supplied Keyword: polysilicon emitter; Author-Supplied Keyword: shallow trench; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SRlM; Author-Supplied Keyword: UHV/CVD.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820775
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517467&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castellani-Coulié, K.
AU  - Sagnes, B.
AU  - Saigné, F.
AU  - Palau, J.-M.
AU  - Calvet, M.-C.
AU  - Dodd, P. E.
AU  - Sexton, F. W.
T1  - Comparison of NMOS and PMOS Transistor Sensitivity to SEU in SRAMs by Device Simulation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2239
EP  - 2244
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The off-NMOS and off-PMOS transistor single-event upset (SEU) sensitivities are studied in a 0.6-μm SRAM. In some cases, the off-PMOS sensitivity is shown to be similar to the off-NMOS one. This could affect SEU rate calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Transistors
KW  - Random access memory
KW  - Electric fields
KW  - Semiconductor junctions
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Ion bombardment
KW  - Electric field
KW  - NMOS
KW  - PMOS
KW  - SEU
KW  - SRAM
KW  - transistor sensitivity.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517473; Castellani-Coulié, K. 1; Email Address: coulie@cem2.univ-monpt2.fr; Sagnes, B. 1; Email Address: sagnes@cem2.univ-monpt2.fr; Saigné, F. 1; Email Address: saigne@cem2.univ-monpt2.fr; Palau, J.-M. 1; Email Address: palau@cem2.univ-montp2.fr; Calvet, M.-C. 2; Email Address: marie-catherine.calvet@launchers.eads.net; Dodd, P. E. 3; Email Address: pedodd@sandia.gov; Sexton, F. W. 3; Email Address: sextonfw@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: CEM2, Université Montpellier II, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.; 2: EADS-LV, Les Mureaux, France.; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2239; Subject Term: Transistors; Subject Term: Random access memory; Subject Term: Electric fields; Subject Term: Semiconductor junctions; Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Ion bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric field; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEU; Author-Supplied Keyword: SRAM; Author-Supplied Keyword: transistor sensitivity.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821583
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517473&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boscher, D. M.
AU  - Bourdarai, S. A.
AU  - Friedel, R. H. W.
AU  - Belian, R. D.
T1  - Model for the Geostationary Electron Environment: POLE.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2278
EP  - 2283
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Two and a half solar cycle of electron outer radiation belt measurements were analyzed. The data were acquired with the full range of Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamso, NM, Geostationary satellites, covering the period 1976-2001. Cross calibrations of the instruments were performed amongst themselves and referenced to CRRES observation. A model wa derived [particle ONERA-LANL electron (POLE)] valid from 30 keV up to 2.5 MeV, which takes into account the solar cycle variation. In general, lower energy (< 100 keV) electrons remain constant within 20% during a solar cycle, while the energetic (> 500 keV) electrons show variations of over an order of magnitude. It is shown that the variability of these high energy electrons can change quite drastically from one solar cycle to the next. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Astrophysical radiation
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Space vehicles
KW  - Solar cycle
KW  - Geostationary satellites
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - electron radiation effects
KW  - extraterrestrial measurements
KW  - modeling
KW  - space radiation effects
KW  - space vehicle reliability.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517479; Boscher, D. M. 1; Email Address: Daniel.Boscher@onecert.fr; Bourdarai, S. A. 1; Email Address: Sebastien.Bourdarie@onecert.fr; Friedel, R. H. W. 2; Email Address: friedel@lanl.gov; Belian, R. D. 2; Email Address: belian@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Office National d'Etudes etr de Recherches Aérospatiales/Départment Environment Spatial, Toulouse 31400, France.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2278; Subject Term: Astrophysical radiation; Subject Term: Electrons; Subject Term: Space vehicles; Subject Term: Solar cycle; Subject Term: Geostationary satellites; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: electron radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: extraterrestrial measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: space radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: space vehicle reliability.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821609
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517479&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Townsend, L. W.
AU  - Zapp, E. N.
AU  - Stephens Jr, D. L.
AU  - Hoff, J. L.
T1  - Carrington Flare of 1859 as a Prototypical Worst-Case Solar Energetic Particle Event.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2307
EP  - 2309
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Recent analyses of ice core samples indicate that the Carrington flare of 1859 was the largest event observed in the past 500 years. These ice core data yield estimates of the proton fluence for energies greater than 30 MeV, but provide no other spectrum information. Assuming that the proton energy distribution for such an event is similar to that measured for other recent,large events, total ionizing doses in deep space are estimated for these hypothetical worst-case spectra. These estimated doses, as large as 50 krad (Si), could be catastrophic for sensitive electronic devices unless substantial shielding is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Astrophysical radiation
KW  - Cosmic rays
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Protons
KW  - Spectral energy distribution
KW  - Ionization (Atomic physics)
KW  - environmental radiation effects
KW  - extraterrestrial exploration
KW  - radiation monitoring
KW  - solar radiation.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517484; Townsend, L. W. 1; Email Address: ltownsen@tennessee.edu; Zapp, E. N. 2; Email Address: neal.zapp1@jsc.nasa.gov; Stephens Jr, D. L. 3,4; Email Address: Daniel.stephens@pnl.gov; Hoff, J. L. 3,5; Email Address: jhoff@oraucoc.org; Affiliations: 1: Nuclear Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300 USA.; 2: Space Radiation Analysis Group, Lock-heed Martin Space Operations, Houston, TX 77059 USA; 3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300 USA.; 4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; 5: Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Cincinnati, OH 45212 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2307; Subject Term: Astrophysical radiation; Subject Term: Cosmic rays; Subject Term: Solar radiation; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Spectral energy distribution; Subject Term: Ionization (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: extraterrestrial exploration; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: solar radiation.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821602
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517484&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paillet, P.
AU  - Ferlet-Cavrois, V.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Jones, R. L.
AU  - Flament, O.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Blackmore, E. W.
T1  - Total Dose Hardness Assurance Testing Using Laboratory Radiation Sources.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2310
EP  - 2315
SN  - 00189499
AB  - NMOS transistors were irradiated using X-ray, Co-60 gamma, electron, and proton radiation sources. The charge yield was estimated for protons of different energies and electrons, and compared with values obtained for X-ray and Co-60 irradiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Transistors
KW  - Gamma rays
KW  - Protons
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Charge yield
KW  - initial recombination
KW  - ionizing radiation metal oxide semiconductor
KW  - MOS
KW  - total dose
KW  - transistors.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517485; Paillet, P. 1; Ferlet-Cavrois, V. 1; Schwank, J. R. 2; Jones, R. L. 2; Flament, O. 1; Shaneyfelt, M. R. 2; Blackmore, E. W. 3; Affiliations: 1: CEA/DIE BP12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Chatel, France.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-1083, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 3: TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2310; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: Metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Transistors; Subject Term: Gamma rays; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge yield; Author-Supplied Keyword: initial recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionizing radiation metal oxide semiconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: total dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: transistors.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821392
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gersey, B.
AU  - Wilkins, R.
AU  - Huff, H.
AU  - Dwivedi, R. C.
AU  - Takala, B.
AU  - J. O'Donnell, B.
AU  - Wender, S. A.
AU  - Singleterry Jr, Robert C.
T1  - Correlation of Neutron Dosimetry Using a Silicon Equivalent Proportional Counter Microdosimeter and SRAM SEU Cross Sections for Eight Neutron Energy Spectra.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2363
EP  - 2366
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A silicon equivalent proportional counter micro-dosimeter (SEPCM) and 4 Mb SRAM were exposed to eight progressively hardened neutron energy spectra at the LANSCE ICE House facility. As the incident neutron energy spectra were hardened, the lineal energy spectra response from the SEPCM changed both in shape and in the number of lineal energy deposition events per incident neutron. The general trend of the 4 Mb SRAM single event upset (SEU) cross section was an increase for harder incident neutron energy spectra. Resulting dosimetric results were correlated to SEU cross sections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Neutron irradiation
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Dosimeters
KW  - Linear energy transfer
KW  - Cross sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Correlation (Statistics)
KW  - Neutron dosimetry
KW  - neutron radiation
KW  - silicon microdosimetry
KW  - single-event upsets (SEUs).
N1  - Accession Number: 12517493; Gersey, B. 1; Email Address: 7buddyhme@hotmail.com; Wilkins, R. 1; Email Address: r_wilkins@pvamu.edu; Huff, H. 1; Email Address: h_huff@pvamu.edu; Dwivedi, R. C. 1; Email Address: r_dwivedi@pvamu.edu; Takala, B. 2; Email Address: takala@lanl.gov; J. O'Donnell, B. 2; Email Address: odonnell@lanl.gov; Wender, S. A. 2; Email Address: wender@lanl.gov; Singleterry Jr, Robert C. 3; Email Address: r.c.singleterry@larc.nasa; Affiliations: 1: NASA Center for Applied Radiation Research, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA.; 2: LANSCE-3, MS H855, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 3: NASA Langley Research Center, Structures and Materials, Analytical and Computational Methods Branch, Radiation Physics Group, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2363; Subject Term: Neutron irradiation; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Dosimeters; Subject Term: Linear energy transfer; Subject Term: Cross sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Correlation (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon microdosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: single-event upsets (SEUs).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821604
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Griffin, Patrick J.
T1  - Criteria for the Selection of Dosimetry Cross Sections.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2385
EP  - 2392
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper defines a process for selecting dosimetry-quality cross sections. The recommended cross-section evaluation depends on screening high-quality evaluations with quantified uncertainties, down-selecting based on comparison to experiments in standard neutron fields, and consistency checking in reference neutron fields. This procedure is illustrated for the 23Na(n, &lamda;)24Na reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Cross sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Diodes
KW  - Transistors
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Activation foil
KW  - adjustment
KW  - cross section
KW  - dosimetry
KW  - least-squares
KW  - neutron
KW  - reference field
KW  - spectrum
KW  - standard field
KW  - unfold.
N1  - Accession Number: 12517497; Griffin, Patrick J. 1; Email Address: pjgriff@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Applied Nuclear Technologies Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2385; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Cross sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Diodes; Subject Term: Transistors; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activation foil; Author-Supplied Keyword: adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: cross section; Author-Supplied Keyword: dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: reference field; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: standard field; Author-Supplied Keyword: unfold.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.821595
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12517497&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peratt, Anthony L.
T1  - Characteristics for the Occurrence of a High-Current, Z-Pinch Aurora as Recorded in Antiquity.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2003/12//Dec2003 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 31
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1192
EP  - 1214
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The discovery that objects from the Neolithic or Early Bronze Age carry patterns associated with high-current Z-pinches provides a possible insight Into the origin anti meaning of these ancient symbols produced by man. This paper directly compares the graphical and radiation data from high-current Z-pinches to these patterns. The paper focuses primarily, but not exclusively, on petroglyphs. It is found that a great many archaic petroglyphs can be classified according to plasma stability and Instability data. As the same morphological types are found worldwide, the comparisons suggest the occurrence of an intense aurora, as might be produced if the solar wind had increased between one and two orders of magnitude, millennia ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PETROGLYPHS
KW  - PICTURE-writing
KW  - PLASMA stability
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses
KW  - NEOLITHIC period
KW  - BRONZE age
KW  - Aurora
KW  - high-energy-density plasma
KW  - magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) instabilities
KW  - petroglyphs
KW  - pictograph
KW  - stonehenge
KW  - Z-pinch.
N1  - Accession Number: 12374159; Peratt, Anthony L. 1; Email Address: alp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Dec2003 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p1192; Subject Term: PETROGLYPHS; Subject Term: PICTURE-writing; Subject Term: PLASMA stability; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses; Subject Term: NEOLITHIC period; Subject Term: BRONZE age; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aurora; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-energy-density plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) instabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: petroglyphs; Author-Supplied Keyword: pictograph; Author-Supplied Keyword: stonehenge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Z-pinch.; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2003.820956
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12374159&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wohlberg, Brendt
T1  - Noise Sensitivity of Sparse Signal Representations:  Reconstruction Error Bounds for the Inverse Problem.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 51
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3053
EP  - 3060
SN  - 1053587X
AB  - Certain sparse signal reconstruction problems have been shown to have unique solutions when the signal is known to have an exact sparse representation. This result is extended to provide bounds on the reconstruction error when the signal has been corrupted by noise or is not exactly sparse for some other reason. Uniqueness is found to be extremely unstable for a number of common dictionaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INVERSE problems (Differential equations)
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - Adaptive decomposition
KW  - basis selection
KW  - dictionary
KW  - error bounds
KW  - inverse problem
KW  - sparse representation
N1  - Accession Number: 11783214; Wohlberg, Brendt 1; Email Address: brendt@t7.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: T-7 Mathematical Modeling and Analysis, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  87545 USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 51 Issue 12, p3053; Subject Term: INVERSE problems (Differential equations); Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics); Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: basis selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: dictionary; Author-Supplied Keyword: error bounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: inverse problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse representation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TSP.2003.819006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11783214&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mendell, Mark J.
T1  - Commentary Indices for IEQ and building-related symptoms.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 364
EP  - 368
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - Comments on an article about indoor environmental quality (IEQ) indices.  Determination of environmental concentration exposure limits in buildings; Risk factors for building-related symptoms (BRS); Features and qualities relevant in analyzing an index for IEQ and BRS.
KW  - AIR quality indexes
KW  - AIR pollution monitoring
KW  - SICK building syndrome
KW  - HAZARDOUS substances
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL indicators
KW  - AIR pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 11514790; Mendell, Mark J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p364; Subject Term: AIR quality indexes; Subject Term: AIR pollution monitoring; Subject Term: SICK building syndrome; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS substances; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL indicators; Subject Term: AIR pollution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0905-6947.2003.00229.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11514790&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, B.
AU  - Critchlow, T.
AU  - Abdulla, G.
AU  - Baldwin, C.
AU  - Kamimura, R.
AU  - Musick, R.
AU  - Snapp, R.
AU  - Tang, N.
T1  - The framework for approximate queries on simulation data
JO  - Information Sciences
JF  - Information Sciences
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 157
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 00200255
AB  - AQSim is a system intended to enable scientists to query and analyze a large volume of scientific simulation data. The system uses the state of the art in approximate query processing techniques to build a novel framework for progressive data analysis. These techniques are used to define a multi-resolution index, where each node contains multiple models of the data. The benefits of these models are twofold: (1) they have compact representations, reconstructing only the information relevant to the analysis, and (2) the variety of models capture different aspects of the data which may be of interest to the user but are not readily apparent in their raw form. To be able to deal with the data interactively, AQSim allows the scientist to make an informed tradeoff between query response accuracy and time. In this paper, we present the framework of AQSim with a focus on its architectural design. We also show the results from an initial proof-of-concept prototype developed at LLNL. The presented framework is generic enough to handle more than just simulation data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Information Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - QUERYING (Computer science)
KW  - ARCHITECTURAL design
KW  - Approximate query
KW  - Multi-model data reduction
KW  - Multi-resolution index
N1  - Accession Number: 11294938; Lee, B. 1; Email Address: bslee@cs.uvm.edu Critchlow, T. 2 Abdulla, G. 2 Baldwin, C. 2 Kamimura, R. 2 Musick, R. 3 Snapp, R. 1 Tang, N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of Vermont, Votey Building, Burlington, VT 05405-0156, USA  2: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Ikuni, Inc., 3400 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 157, p3; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Subject Term: QUERYING (Computer science); Subject Term: ARCHITECTURAL design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Approximate query; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-model data reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-resolution index; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-0255(03)00185-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11294938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Wall, Doug
AU  - Enos, David
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - TECH HIGHLIGHTS.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2003///Winter2003
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
SN  - 10648208
AB  - This article presents developments related to technological innovations. Multilevel copper interconnection structures are used extensively in advanced integrated circuit architectures to realize a number of enhanced performance features. There is consequently great interest in developing improved methods for deposition of low-resistivity copper interconnect layers. The surface properties of a metal are ultimately defined by the nature of its oxide film. Recently, those properties are expressed in isoelectric point.
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - COPPER
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICALS industry
KW  - THIN films
KW  - TECHNOLOGY transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 12107281; Srinivasan, Venkat 1 Wall, Doug 2 Enos, David 2 Kelly, Mike 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California-Berkeley.  2: Sandia National Laboratories.; Source Info: Winter2003, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p30; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICALS industry; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY transfer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maslov, Sergei
AU  - Roehner, Bertrand M.
T1  - DOES THE PRICE MULTIPLIER EFFECT ALSO HOLD FOR STOCKS?
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1439
EP  - 1451
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 01291831
AB  - The price multiplier effect provides precious insight into the behavior of investors during episodes of speculative trading. It tells us that the higher the price of an asset (within a set of similar assets), the more its price is likely to increase during the upgoing phase of a speculative price peak. In short, instead of being risk averse, as is often assumed, investors rather seem to be "risk prone". While this effect is known to hold for several sorts of assets, it has not yet been possible to test it for stocks because the price of one share has no intrinsic significance, which means that one cannot say that stock A is more expensive than stock B on the basis of its price. In this paper we show that the price-dividend ratio gives a good basis for assessing the price of stocks in an intrinsic way. When this alternative measure is used instead, it turns out that the price multiplier effect also holds for stocks, at least if one concentrates on samples of companies which are sufficiently homogeneous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCKS (Finance) -- Prices
KW  - SPECULATION
KW  - REAL property
KW  - PRICE-earnings ratio
KW  - FINANCIAL ratios
KW  - price-dividend ratio
KW  - real estate
KW  - speculation
KW  - Stock prices
N1  - Accession Number: 12824064; Maslov, Sergei 1; Email Address: maslov@bnl.gov Roehner, Bertrand M. 2; Email Address: roehner@lpthe.jussieu.fr; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  2: Institute for Theoretical and High Energy Physics, University of Paris; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 14 Issue 10, p1439; Subject Term: STOCKS (Finance) -- Prices; Subject Term: SPECULATION; Subject Term: REAL property; Subject Term: PRICE-earnings ratio; Subject Term: FINANCIAL ratios; Author-Supplied Keyword: price-dividend ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: real estate; Author-Supplied Keyword: speculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stock prices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531190 Lessors of Other Real Estate Property; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531210 Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fryer, Chris L.
T1  - STELLAR COLLAPSE.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1795
EP  - 1835
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02182718
AB  - The collapse of massive stars have been used to explain many of the largest outbursts known to mankind, from supernovae to hypernovae to gamma-ray bursts. These explosions differ in their level of asymmetry and the spectral energy of the photons they emit. It is likely that such a wide range in the nature of these explosions requires more than one explosion mechanism to extract the gravitational potential energy released during the collapse. Three major classes of mechanisms have been proposed: neutrino-driven, magnetic-field driven, collapsar (black hole accretion disk) driven. This review discusses each mechanism in turn, discussing the current state-of-the-art calculations along with their observational predictions. We conclude with a summary of the current observational constraints on these models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLAR collisions
KW  - SUPERMASSIVE black holes
KW  - GAMMA-ray scattering
KW  - STARS
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - GRAVITATIONAL fields
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - Black hole physics
KW  - gamma-rays bursts
KW  - stars
KW  - supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12185548; Fryer, Chris L. 1; Email Address: fryer@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Astrophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Mexico.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 10, p1795; Subject Term: STELLAR collisions; Subject Term: SUPERMASSIVE black holes; Subject Term: GAMMA-ray scattering; Subject Term: STARS; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: GRAVITATIONAL fields; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Black hole physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-rays bursts; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars; Author-Supplied Keyword: supernovae; Number of Pages: 41p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mullens, S.
AU  - Yperman, J.
AU  - Reggers, G.
AU  - Carleer, R.
AU  - Buchanan III, A.C.
AU  - Britt, P.F.
AU  - Rutkowski, P.
AU  - Gryglewicz, G.
T1  - A study of the reductive pyrolysis behaviour of sulphur model compounds
JO  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
JF  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 70
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
SN  - 01652370
AB  - The difficulties inherent in the direct determination of sulphur functionalities in complex solid matrices by various techniques often make the need for reference compounds indispensable. One of the pyrolysis techniques used for sulphur determination is atmospheric pressure–temperature programmed reduction (AP-TPR). Experiments on sulphur model compounds have served successfully as a reference for both the temperature region in which the reduction or hydrogenation occurs and the efficiency of the reduction reaction. In this study, the pyrolysis behaviour of several organic and inorganic sulphur model compounds is investigated by AP-TPR using a mass spectrometer detector interfaced with the pyrolysis reactor (AP-TPR-MS). This technique permits a more complete description of the competitive and successive reactions that are occurring during the pyrolysis of the model compounds, providing new information regarding the reduction efficiency of oxidised and non-oxidised sulphur compounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - AP-TPR
KW  - Coal
KW  - Hydrogenation
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Pyrolysis
KW  - Reduction
KW  - Sulphate
KW  - Sulphur model compound
KW  - Thiophene
N1  - Accession Number: 11251383; Mullens, S. 1 Yperman, J. 1; Email Address: jan.yperman@luc.ac.be Reggers, G. 1 Carleer, R. 1 Buchanan III, A.C. 2 Britt, P.F. 2 Rutkowski, P. 3 Gryglewicz, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, CMK, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, M.S. 6130, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6130, USA  3: Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum and Coal, Wroclaw University of Technology, ul. Gdańska 7/9, 50-344 Wroclaw, Poland; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 70 Issue 2, p469; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: AP-TPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulphur model compound; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thiophene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0165-2370(03)00006-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chupas, Peter J.
AU  - Xiangyun Qiu, Peter J.
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
AU  - Lee, Peter L.
AU  - Grey, Clare P.
AU  - Billinge, Simon J.L.
T1  - Rapid-acquisition pair distribution function (RA-PDF) analysis.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1342
EP  - 1347
SN  - 00218898
AB  - Discusses the use of an image-plate detector coupled with high-energy synchrotron radiation for atomic pair distribution function analysis, with high probed momentum transfer from crystalline materials.  Measurement of materials with different structural complexities; Testing of the validity of the quantitative data analysis; Evidence that the diffraction patterns show good counting statistics, with measuring time from one to tens of seconds.
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - MOMENTUM transfer
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11702625; Chupas, Peter J. 1; Email Address: pchupas@ic.sunysb.edu Xiangyun Qiu, Peter J. 2 Hanson, Jonathan C. 3 Lee, Peter L. 4 Grey, Clare P. 1 Billinge, Simon J.L. 2; Email Address: billinge@pa.msu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  4: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p1342; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: MOMENTUM transfer; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heiba, Z.K.
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Sigmund, W.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - X-ray structure and microstructure determination of the mixed sesquioxides (Eu[sub1-x]Yb[subx])[sub2]O[sub3] prepared by a sol-gel process.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1411
EP  - 1416
SN  - 00218898
AB  - Discusses the x-ray structure and microstructure determination of the mixed sesquioxides (eu[sub1-xYb[sub x])[sub 2]O[sub 3] prepared by a sol-gel process.  Synthesis of the polycrystalline samples; Collection fo X-ray diffraction data; Use of the Rietveld method to refine the crystal structures; Evidence that the lattice parameters vary linearly with the composition; Cationic distribution over the two non-equivalent sites.
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - RIETVELD method
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11702651; Heiba, Z.K. 1,2 Akin, Y. 1,3; Email Address: akin@magnet.fsu.edu Sigmund, W. 3 Hascicek, Y.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, USA  2: Ain Shams University, Faculty of Sciences, Physics Dept., Egypt  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p1411; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: RIETVELD method; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schenkel, T.
AU  - Persaud, A.
AU  - Park, S. J.
AU  - Nilsson, J.
AU  - Bokor, J.
AU  - Liddle, J. A.
AU  - Keller, R.
AU  - Schneider, D. H.
AU  - Cheng, D. W.
AU  - Humphries, D. E.
T1  - Solid state quantum computer development in silicon with single ion implantation.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7017
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Spawned by the finding of efficient quantum algorithms, the development of a scalable quantum computer has emerged as a premiere challenge for nanoscience and nanotechnology in the last years. Spins of electrons and nuclei in [sup 31]P atoms embedded in silicon are promising quantum bit (qubit) candidates. In this article we describe single atom doping strategies and the status of our development of single atom qubit arrays integrated with control gates and readout structures in a “top down” approach. We discuss requirements for [sup 31]P qubit array formation by single ion implantation, and integration with semiconductor processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11350784; Schenkel, T. 1 Persaud, A. 1 Park, S. J. 1 Nilsson, J. 1,2 Bokor, J. 1,3 Liddle, J. A. 1 Keller, R. 1 Schneider, D. H. 2 Cheng, D. W. 1 Humphries, D. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 11, p7017; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622109
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antonov, V.N.
AU  - N., Harmon, B
AU  - Yaresko, A.N.
T1  - Electronic structure and magneto-optical Kerr effect in UGa[sub 2].
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 94
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7240
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The optical and magneto-optical (MO) spectra of UGa[sub 2] are investigated theoretically from first principles, using the fully relativistic Dirac linear muffin-tin orbital band structure method. The electronic structure is obtained with the local spin-density approximation (LSDA), as well as with generalization of the LSDA+U method which takes into account that in the presence of spin-orbit coupling the occupation matrix of localized electrons becomes nondiagonal in spin indexes. Although, the magnetic moment at the U site of UGa[sub 2] is described better by LSDA+U than by LSDA, neither the localized LSDA+U model nor the spin-polarized LSDA 5f-itinerant band model can explain all the peculiarities of the experimental MO spectra. The LSDA gives a better description of the optical and MO spectra of UGa[sub 2] in the 0–1 eV energy interval, but for higher energies the experimental Kerr rotation curve is situated someplace in between the curves obtained by the LSDA and the LSDA+U approximations. The origin of the Kerr rotation in the compound is examined. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - KERR electro-optical effect
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11350748; Antonov, V.N. 1; Email Address: antonov@ameslab.gov N., Harmon, B 1; Email Address: harmona@ameslab.gov Yaresko, A.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Max Planck Institute for Physics of Complex Systems, D-01187 Dresden Germany; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 11, p7240; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: KERR electro-optical effect; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1625099
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timothy M. Shepherd
T1  - Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of a Rat Hippocampal Slice Model for Acute Brain Injury.
JO  - Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
JF  - Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 23
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1461
EP  - 1470
SN  - 0271678X
AB  - SUMMARY: Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a surrogate marker of acute brain pathology, yet few studies have resolved the evolution of water diffusion changes during the first 8 hours after acute injury, a critical period for therapeutic intervention. To characterize this early period, this study used a 17.6-T wide-bore magnet to measure multicomponent water diffusion at high b-values (7 to 8,080 s/mm2) for rat hippocampal slices at baseline and serially for 8 hours after treatment with the calcium ionophore A23187. The mean fast diffusing water fraction (Ffast) progressively decreased for slices treated with 10-μmol/L A23187 (-20.9 ± 6.3% at 8 hours). Slices treated with 50-μmol/L A23187 had significantly reduced Ffast 80 minutes earlier than slices treated with 10-μmol/L A23187 (P < 0.05), but otherwise, the two doses had equivalent effects on the diffusion properties of tissue water. Correlative histologic analysis showed dose-related selective vulnerability of hippocampal pyramidal neurons (CA1 > CA3) to pathologic swelling induced by A23187, confirming that particular intravoxel cell populations may contribute disproportionately to water diffusion changes observed by MRI after acute brain injury. These data suggest diffusion-weighted images at high b-values and the diffusion parameter Ffast may be highly sensitive correlates of cell swelling in nervous issue after acute injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAIN -- Wounds & injuries
KW  - CEREBRAL edema
KW  - BRAIN diseases
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - EDEMA
N1  - Accession Number: 11684144; Timothy M. Shepherd 1; Affiliation:  1: *Department of Neuroscience, Evelyn F. & William McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A.; †National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, U.S.A.; and §Center for Traumatic Brain Injury Studies, Department of Neuroscience, Evelyn F. & William McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 12, p1461; Subject Term: BRAIN -- Wounds & injuries; Subject Term: CEREBRAL edema; Subject Term: BRAIN diseases; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: EDEMA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, Kirk A.
T1  - Systematically convergent basis sets with relativistic pseudopotentials. I. Correlation consistent basis sets for the post-d group 13–15 elements.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 11099
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - New correlation consistent-like basis sets have been developed for the post-d group 13–15 elements (Ga–As, In–Sb, Tl–Bi) employing accurate, small-core relativistic pseudopotentials. The resulting basis sets, which are denoted cc-pVnZ-PP, are appropriate for valence electron correlation and range in size from (8s7p7d)/[4s3p2d] for the cc-pVDZ-PP to (16s13p12d3f2g1h)/[7s7p5d3f2g1h] for the cc-pV5Z-PP sets. Benchmark calculations on selected diatomic molecules (As[sub 2], Sb[sub 2], Bi[sub 2], AsN, SbN, BiN, GeO, SnO, PbO, GaCl, InCl, TlCl, GaH, InH, and TlH) are reported using these new basis sets at the coupled cluster level of theory. Much like their all-electron counterparts, the cc-pVnZ-PP basis sets yield systematic convergence of total energies and spectroscopic constants. In several cases all-electron benchmark calculations were also carried out for comparison. The results from the pseudopotential and all-electron calculations were nearly identical when scalar relativity was accurately included in the all-electron work. Diffuse-augmented basis sets, aug-cc-pVnZ-PP, have also been developed and have been used in calculations of the atomic electron affinities. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method
KW  - BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11350832; Peterson, Kirk A. 1; Email Address: kipeters@wsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630 and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 21, p11099; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method; Subject Term: BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622923
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, Kirk A.
AU  - Figgen, Detlev
AU  - Goll, Erich
AU  - Stoll, Hermann
AU  - Dolg, Michael
T1  - Systematically convergent basis sets with relativistic pseudopotentials. II. Small-core pseudopotentials and correlation consistent basis sets for the post-d group 16–18 elements.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 11113
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A series of correlation consistent basis sets have been developed for the post-d group 16–18 elements in conjunction with small-core relativistic pseudopotentials of the energy-consistent variety. The latter were adjusted to multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock data based on the Dirac–Coulomb–Breit Hamiltonian. The outer-core (n-1)spd shells are explicitly treated together with the nsp valence shell with these PPs. The accompanying cc-pVnZ-PP and aug-cc-pVnZ-PP basis sets range in size from DZ to 5Z quality and yield systematic convergence of both Hartree–Fock and correlated total energies. In addition to the calculation of atomic electron affinities and dipole polarizabilities of the rare gas atoms, numerous molecular benchmark calculations (HBr, HI, HAt, Br[sub 2], I[sub 2], At[sub 2], SiSe, SiTe, SiPo, KrH[sup +], XeH[sup +], and RnH[sup +]) are also reported at the coupled cluster level of theory. For the purposes of comparison, all-electron calculations using the Douglas–Kroll–Hess Hamiltonian have also been carried out for the halogen-containing molecules using basis sets of 5Z quality. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - VALENCE (Chemistry)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HALOGENS
N1  - Accession Number: 11350831; Peterson, Kirk A. 1; Email Address: kipeters@wsu.edu Figgen, Detlev 2; Email Address: stoll@theochem.uni-stuttgart.de Goll, Erich 3; Email Address: m.dolg@uni-koeln.de Stoll, Hermann Dolg, Michael; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman , Washington 99164-4630 and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  2: Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany  3: Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, D-50939 Köln, Germany; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 21, p11113; Subject Term: PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: VALENCE (Chemistry); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HALOGENS; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 13 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622924
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gutsev, Gennady L.
AU  - Bauschlicher Jr., Charles W.
AU  - Hua-Jin Zhai
AU  - Lai-Sheng Wang
T1  - Structural and electronic properties of iron monoxide clusters Fe[sub n]O and Fe[sub n]O[sup -] (n=2–6): A combined photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 119
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 11135
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report a combined anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) study on a series of iron monoxide clusters, Fe[sub n]O (n=2–6). Well-resolved photoelectron spectra were obtained for Fe[sub n]O[sup -] at variable detachment energies, allowing the ground state and numerous low-lying excited states of Fe[sub n]O to be observed. Sharp threshold photoelectron features were obtained for each species, which suggest rather small geometry changes between the anion and neutral ground states for the monoxide clusters and allows the electron affinities of the neutral clusters to be measured accurately. Extensive DFT calculations using the generalized gradient approximation were carried out for both Fe[sub n]O and Fe[sub n]O[sup -]. Optimized geometries of the ground and lowest excited states of both the anion and neutral species are reported along with the ground-state vibrational frequencies and fragmentation energies. Theoretical electron affinities were compared with the experimental measurements to verify the ground states of the iron monoxide clusters obtained from the DFT calculations. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - IRON
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11350828; Gutsev, Gennady L. 1; Email Address: ggutsev@mail.arc.nasa.gov Bauschlicher Jr., Charles W. 1 Hua-Jin Zhai 2 Lai-Sheng Wang 2; Email Address: Is.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mail Stop 230-3, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035  2: Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352 and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 21, p11135; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1621856
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Subramaniam, Kavitha
AU  - Vithayaveroj, Viriya
AU  - Yiacoumi, Sotira
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
T1  - Copper uptake by silica and iron oxide under high surface coverage conditions: surface charge and sorption equilibrium modeling
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 268
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
SN  - 00219797
AB  - A sorption modeling approach based on surface complexation concepts was applied to predict copper uptake and its effects on the surface electrostatic potential of ferric oxide and silica colloids. Equilibrium modeling of copper uptake by ferric oxide using the traditional surface complexation model (SCM) was reasonably successful with some discrepancies especially in the acidic pH ranges and high colloid concentration cases. Good predictions of the ferric oxide charge reversals during uptake were obtained from the modeling. Based on the SCM predictions, copper removal from solution is due to the outer-sphere complexation of the first hydrolysis product, resulting in the surface-metal complex SO<f>−</f>CuOH<f>+</f>. The SCM was found to be insufficient to describe copper uptake by silica particles. To address discrepancies between experimental data and SCM predictions, the SCM was modified to include attributes of the surface polymer model (SPM), which incorporates sorption of the dimeric copper species Cu2(OH)<f>22+</f>. The continuum model (CM) was also studied as a second modification to the SCM to include formation of surface precipitates. Both the SPM and the CM were successful in modeling copper uptake and <f>ζ</f> potential variations as a function of pH at various solution conditions and colloid concentrations. From the SPM and CM predictions, it was concluded that for systems with high surface loadings, copper removal from solution occurs due to the formation of both monomeric and dimeric surface complexes, as well as through precipitation mechanisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SURFACES (Technology) -- Defects
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - SILICA
N1  - Accession Number: 11319414; Subramaniam, Kavitha 1 Vithayaveroj, Viriya 1 Yiacoumi, Sotira 1; Email Address: syiacoumi@ce.gatech.edu Tsouris, Costas 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 268 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology) -- Defects; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: SILICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.07.012
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fraser, Andrew M.
AU  - Hengartner, Nicolas W.
AU  - Vixie, Kevin R.
AU  - Wohlberg, Brendt E.
T1  - Classification Modulo Invariance, With Application to Face Recognition.
JO  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
JF  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 829
EP  - 852
SN  - 10618600
AB  - This article presents techniques for constructing classifiers that combine statistical information from training data with tangent approximations to known transformations; it demonstrates the techniques by applying them to a face recognition task. Our approach is to build Bayes classifiers with approximate class-conditional probability densities for measured data. The high dimension of the measurements in modern classification problems such as speech or image recognition makes inferring probability densities from feasibly sized training datasets difficult. We address the difficulty by imposing severely simplifying assumptions and exploiting a priori information about transformations to which classification should be invariant. For the face recognition task, we used a five-parameter group of such transformations consisting of rotation, shifts, and scalings. On the face recognition task, a classifier based on our techniques has an error rate that is 20% lower than that of the best algorithm in a reference software distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEASUREMENT errors
KW  - FACE perception
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - BAYESIAN field theory
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - INVARIANT measures
KW  - Dimension reduction
KW  - Nuisance parameters
KW  - Tangent space
N1  - Accession Number: 11924353; Fraser, Andrew M. 1,2; Email Address: andy@fraserphysics.com Hengartner, Nicolas W. 3; Email Address: nickh@lanl.gov Vixie, Kevin R. 3; Email Address: vixie@lanl.gov Wohlberg, Brendt E. 3; Email Address: brendt@ lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Associate Professor, Systems Science Program, Portland State University, 3030 SW Sherwood Place, Portland, OR 97201  2: Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Portland State University, 3030 SW Sherwood Place, Portland, OR 97201  3: Technical Staff Member, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p829; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT errors; Subject Term: FACE perception; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: BAYESIAN field theory; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: INVARIANT measures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimension reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuisance parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tangent space; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1198/1061860032634
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whitney, Paul
AU  - Cox, Dennis
AU  - Daly, Don
AU  - Foote, Harlan
AU  - McQuerry, Dennis
AU  - Sloughter, J. McLean
T1  - Toward the Routine Analysis of Diverse Data Types.
JO  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
JF  - Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 915
EP  - 926
SN  - 10618600
AB  - This article describes a variety of data analysis problems. The types of data across these problems included free text, parallel text, an image collection, remote sensing imagery, and network packets. A strategy for approaching the analysis of these diverse types of data is described. A key part of the challenge is mapping the analytic results back into the original domain and data setting. Additionally, a common computational bottleneck encountered in each of these problems is diagnosed as analysis tools and algorithms with unbounded memory characteristics. This experience and the analysis suggest a research and development path that could greatly extend the scale of problems that can be addressed with routine data analysis tools. In particular, there are opportunities associated with developing theory and functioning algorithms with favorable memory-usage characteristics, and there are opportunities associated with developing methods and theory for describing the outcomes of analyses for the various types of data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational & Graphical Statistics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - PACKET switching (Data transmission)
KW  - MAPPINGS (Mathematics)
KW  - KEYWORD searching
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Multimedia
N1  - Accession Number: 11924361; Whitney, Paul; Email Address: paul.whitney@pnl.gov Cox, Dennis 1; Email Address: dcox@stat.rice.edu Daly, Don 2; Email Address: ds.daly@pnl.gov Foote, Harlan 3; Email Address: harlan.foote@pnl.gov McQuerry, Dennis 2; Email Address: mcq@pnl.gov Sloughter, J. McLean 4; Email Address: mclean@stat.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Professor, Department of Statistics, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-138, Houston, TX 77005  2: Senior Research Scientist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 920 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352  3: Research Scientist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 920 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352  4: Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Box 354322, Seattle, WA 98195; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p915; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Subject Term: PACKET switching (Data transmission); Subject Term: MAPPINGS (Mathematics); Subject Term: KEYWORD searching; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multimedia; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1198/1061860032535
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Durgin, Nancy
AU  - Mitchell, John
AU  - Pavlovic, Dusko
T1  - A compositional logic for proving security properties of protocols.
JO  - Journal of Computer Security
JF  - Journal of Computer Security
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 721
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 0926227X
AB  - We present a logic for proving security properties of protocols that use nonces (randomly generated numbers that uniquely identify a protocol session) and public‐key cryptography. The logic, designed around a process calculus with actions for each possible protocol step, consists of axioms about protocol actions and inference rules that yield assertions about protocols composed of multiple steps. Although assertions are written using only steps of the protocol, the logic is sound in a stronger sense: each provable assertion about an action or sequence of actions holds in any run of the protocol that contains the given actions and arbitrary additional actions by a malicious attacker. This approach lets us prove security properties of protocols under attack while reasoning only about the sequence of actions taken by honest parties to the protocol. The main security‐specific parts of the proof system are rules for reasoning about the set of messages that could reveal secret data and an invariant rule called the “honesty rule”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computer Security is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - SYMBOLIC & mathematical logic
KW  - COMPUTER network protocols
KW  - SECURITY systems
KW  - DATA protection
N1  - Accession Number: 10717225; Durgin, Nancy 1 Mitchell, John 2 Pavlovic, Dusko 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Labs, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551, USA Tel.: +1 925 294 4909; Fax: +1 925 294 3271; E‐mail: nadurgi@sandia.gov  2: Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA E‐mail: jcm@cs.stanford.edu  3: Kestrel Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA E‐mail: dusko@kestrel.edu; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p677; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: SYMBOLIC & mathematical logic; Subject Term: COMPUTER network protocols; Subject Term: SECURITY systems; Subject Term: DATA protection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths); Number of Pages: 45p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steefel, Carl I.
AU  - Carroll, Susan
AU  - Zhao, Pihong
AU  - Roberts, Sarah
T1  - Cesium migration in Hanford sediment: a multisite cation exchange model based on laboratory transport experiments
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 67
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Cs+ transport experiments carried out in columns packed with uncontaminated Hanford formation sediment from the SX tank farm provide strong support for the use of a multisite, multicomponent cation exchange model to describe Cs+ migration in the Hanford vadose zone. The experimental results indicate a strong dependence of the effective Cs+ Kd on the concentrations of other cations, including Na+ that is present at high to extremely high concentrations in fluids leaking from the Hanford SX tanks. A strong dependence of the Cs+ Kd on the aqueous Cs+ concentration is also apparent, with retardation of Cs+ increasing from a value of 41 at a Cs+ concentration of 10−4 M in the feed solution to as much as 282 at a Cs+ concentration of 5×10−7 M, all in a background of 1 M NaNO3. The total cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the Hanford sediment was determined using 22Na isotopic equilibrium exchange in a flow-through column experiment. The value for the CEC of 120 μeq/g determined with this method is compatible with a value of 121.9 μeq/g determined by multi-cation elution. While two distinct exchange sites were proposed by Zachara et al. [Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66 (2002) 193] based on binary batch exchange experiments, a third site is proposed in this study to improve the fit of the Cs+–Na+ and Cs+–Ca+ exchange data and to capture self-sharpened Cs+ breakthrough curves at low concentrations of Cs+. Two of the proposed exchange sites represent frayed edge sites (FES) on weathered micas and constitute 0.02% and 0.22% of the total CEC. Both of the FES show a very strong selectivity for Cs+ over Na+ (KNa–Cs=107.22 and 104.93, respectively). The third site, accounting for over 99% of the total CEC, is associated with planar sites on expansible clays and shows a smaller Na+–Cs+ selectivity coefficient of 101.99.Parameters derived from a fit of binary batch experiments alone tend to under predict Cs+ retardation in the column experiments. The transport experiments indicate 72–90% of the Cs+ sorbed in experiments targeting exchange on FES was desorbed over a 10- and 24-day period, respectively. At high Cs+ concentrations, where sorption is controlled primarily by exchange on planar sites, 95% of the Cs+ desorption was desorbed. Most of the difficulty in desorbing Cs+ from FES is a result of the extremely high selectivity of these sites for Cs+, although truly irreversible sorption as high as 23% was suggested in one experiment. The conclusion that Cs+ exchange is largely reversible in a thermodynamic sense is supported by the ability to match Cs+ desorption curves almost quantitatively with an equilibrium reactive transport simulation. The model for Cs+ retardation developed here qualitatively explains the behavior of Cs+ in the Hanford vadose zone underneath a variety of leaking tanks with differing salt concentrations. The high selectivity of FES for Cs+ implies that future desorption and migration is very unlikely to occur under natural recharge conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Fluid mechanics
KW  - Cation exchange
KW  - Cesium migration
KW  - Column technique
KW  - Competitive sorption
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Reactive transport
N1  - Accession Number: 11251621; Steefel, Carl I.; Email Address: steefel@llnl.gov; Carroll, Susan 1; Zhao, Pihong 1; Roberts, Sarah 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Environment Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 67 Issue 1-4, p219; Thesaurus Term: Cesium; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Fluid mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cation exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Column technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: Competitive sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00033-0
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geisz, J.F.
AU  - Reedy, R.C.
AU  - Keyes, B.M.
AU  - Metzger, W.K.
T1  - Unintentional carbon and hydrogen incorporation in GaNP grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 259
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 00220248
AB  - GaNxP1−x and related materials are promising for light-emitting and solar cell devices grown on silicon, but have shown less-than-ideal performance. The transport properties of these materials, though, can be greatly influenced by growth conditions. We study the effects of metal-organic chemical vapor deposition growth conditions of GaN0.02P0.98 on the unintentional incorporation of carbon and hydrogen and the room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) decay lifetime. We find the incorporation of carbon to be dominated by either the gallium source (trimethylgallium or triethylgallium) or the nitrogen source (dimethylhydrazine), depending on growth conditions. The PL decay lifetime is found to be correlated to both the carbon and hydrogen concentration. Growth temperature, gallium source, group V flux, and growth rate can all strongly influence the carbon and hydrogen impurity incorporation, and thus, the PL lifetime. In the samples with the lowest hydrogen and carbon concentrations (∼1017 cm−3), we have achieved room-temperature PL lifetimes as high as 3.0 ns. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - A1. Impurities
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - B2. Semiconducting III–V materials
KW  - B3. Solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 11113397; Geisz, J.F.; Email Address: john_geisz@nrel.gov Reedy, R.C. 1 Keyes, B.M. 1 Metzger, W.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 259 Issue 3, p223; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting III–V materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: B3. Solar cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.07.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu Tang
T1  - Numerical Evaluation of Uniform Beam Modes.
JO  - Journal of Engineering Mechanics
JF  - Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 129
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1475
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 07339399
AB  - The equation for calculating the normal modes of a uniform beam under transverse free vibration involves the hyperbolic sine and cosine functions. These functions are exponential growing without bound. Tables for the natural frequencies and the corresponding normal modes are available for the numerical evaluation up to the 16th mode. For modes higher than the 16th, the accuracy of the numerical evaluation will be lost due to the round-off errors in the floating-point math imposed by the digital computers. Also, it is found that the functions of beam modes commonly presented in the structural dynamics books are not suitable for numerical evaluation. In this paper, these functions are rearranged and expressed in a different form. With these new equations, one can calculate the normal modes accurately up to at least the 100th mode. Mike’s Arbitrary Precision Math, an arbitrary precision math library, is used in the paper to verify the accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Engineering Mechanics is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GIRDERS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - BUCKLING (Mechanics)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - EVALUATION
KW  - Beams
KW  - Buckling
KW  - Evaluation.
KW  - Vibration
N1  - Accession Number: 11414664; Yu Tang 1; Email Address: yutang@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Structural Engineer, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne,  IL 60439.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 129 Issue 12, p1475; Subject Term: GIRDERS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: BUCKLING (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: EVALUATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buckling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaluation.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibration; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2003)129:12(1475)
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.
AU  - Rogers, Alistair
AU  - Blum, Herbert
AU  - Nösberger, Josef
AU  - Long, Stephen P.
T1  - Variation in acclimation of photosynthesis in Trifolium repens after eight years of exposure to Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE).
JO  - Journal of Experimental Botany
JF  - Journal of Experimental Botany
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 393
M3  - Article
SP  - 2769
EP  - 2774
SN  - 00220957
AB  - The initial stimulation of photosynthesis observed on elevation of [CO2] in grasslands has been predicted to be a transient phenomenon constrained by the loss of photosynthetic capacity due to other limitations, notably nutrients and sinks for carbohydrates. Legumes might be expected partially to escape these feedbacks through symbiotic N2 fixation. The Free‐Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiment at Eschikon, Switzerland, has been the longest running investigation of the effects of open‐air elevation of [CO2] on vegetation. The prediction of a long‐term loss of photosynthetic capacity was tested by analysing photosynthesis in Trifolium repens L. (cv. Milkanova) in the spring and autumn of the eighth, ninth and tenth years of treatment. A high and low N treatment also allowed a test of the significance of exogenous N‐supply in maintaining a stimulation of photosynthetic capacity in the long‐term. Prior work in this Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment has revealed that elevated [CO2] increased both vegetative and reproductive growth of T. repens independent of N treatment. It is shown here that the photosynthetic response of T. repens was also independent of N fertilization under both current ambient and elevated (600 µmol mol–1) [CO2]. There was a strong effect of season on photosynthesis, with light‐saturated rates (Asat) 37% higher in spring than in autumn. Higher Asat in the spring was supported by higher maximum Rubisco carboxylation rates (Vc,max) and maximum rates of electron transport (Jmax) contributing to RuBP regeneration. Elevated [CO2] increased Asat by 37% when averaged across all measurement periods and both N fertilization levels, and decreased stomatal conductance by 25%. In spring, there was no effect of elevated [CO2] on photosynthetic capacity of leaves, but in autumn both Vc,max and Jmax were reduced by approximately 20% in elevated [CO2]. The results show that acclimation of photosynthetic capacity can occur in a nitrogen‐fixing species, in the field where there are no artificial restrictions on sink capacity. However, even with acclimation there was a highly significant increase in photosynthesis at elevated [CO2]. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Experimental Botany is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - PLANT photorespiration
KW  - EFFECT of light on plants
KW  - GASES from plants
KW  - CLOVER
KW  - FALL foliage
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - Acclimation
KW  - gas exchange
KW  - global atmospheric change
KW  - global climate change
KW  - grassland
KW  - Key words: Acclimation
KW  - nitrogen fixation
KW  - photosynthetic electron transport
KW  - Rubisco
KW  - white clover
KW  - white clover.
N1  - Accession Number: 44588293; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. 1 Rogers, Alistair 1,2 Blum, Herbert 3 Nösberger, Josef 3 Long, Stephen P. 1; Email Address: stevel@life.uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Crop Sciences and of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 379 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.  2: Department of Environmental Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.  3: Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 8092 Zürich, Switerland.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 54 Issue 393, p2769; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: PLANT photorespiration; Subject Term: EFFECT of light on plants; Subject Term: GASES from plants; Subject Term: CLOVER; Subject Term: FALL foliage; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acclimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: global atmospheric change; Author-Supplied Keyword: global climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: grassland; Author-Supplied Keyword: Key words: Acclimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen fixation; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetic electron transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; Author-Supplied Keyword: white clover; Author-Supplied Keyword: white clover.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111940 Hay Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111998 All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/jxb/erg309
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yuan Zheng
AU  - Barlow, R. S.
AU  - Gore, Jay P.
T1  - Spectral Radiation Properties of Partially Premixed Turbulent Flames.
JO  - Journal of Heat Transfer
JF  - Journal of Heat Transfer
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 125
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1065
EP  - 1073
SN  - 00221481
AB  - Instantaneous spectral radiation intensities of three standard turbulent jet flames were measured and simulated in this study. In the simulation, a recently developed technique was adapted to reconstruct the local integral time and length scales in the flames. The simulated radiation properties, including mean, root mean square, probability density function, power spectral density and autocorrelation coefficient, were generally within 10% of the measurements. The macro time and length scales were found to increase with increasing distance from the axis and the radial averages of these scales were found to increase with down stream distance but decrease with Reynolds number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Heat Transfer is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - FLAME
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - REYNOLDS number
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Heat Transfer
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 12319036; Yuan Zheng 1 Barlow, R. S. 2 Gore, Jay P. 1; Email Address: gore@ecn.purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Maurice J. Zucrow Laboratories, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2014, USA  2: Combustion Research Facility Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, CA 94550-0969, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 125 Issue 6, p1065; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: REYNOLDS number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat Transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1621902
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leung, L. Ruby
AU  - Qian, Yun
T1  - The Sensitivity of Precipitation and Snowpack Simulations to Model Resolution via Nesting in Regions of Complex Terrain.
JO  - Journal of Hydrometeorology
JF  - Journal of Hydrometeorology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1025
EP  - 1043
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 1525755X
AB  - This paper examines the sensitivity of regional climate simulations to increasing spatial resolution via nesting by means of a 20-yr simulation of the western United States at 40-km resolution and a 5-yr simulation at 13-km resolution for the Pacific Northwest and California. The regional simulation at 40-km resolution shows a lack of precipitation along coastal hills, good agreement with observations on the windward slopes of the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, but overprediction on the leeside and the basins beyond. Snowpack is grossly underpredicted throughout the western United States when compared against snowpack telemetry (snotel) observations. During winter, higher spatial resolution mainly improves the precipitation simulation in the coastal hills and basins. Along the Cascades and the Sierra Nevada range, precipitation is strongly amplified at the higher spatial resolution. Higher resolution generally improves the spatial distribution of precipitation to yield a higher spatial correlation between simulations and observations. During summer, higher resolution improves not only the spatial distribution but also the regional mean precipitation. In the Olympic Mountains and along the Coastal Range, increased precipitation at higher resolution reflects mainly a shift from light to heavy precipitation events. In the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, increased precipitation is mainly associated with more frequent heavy precipitation at higher resolution. Changes in precipitation from 40- to 13-km resolution depend on synoptic conditions such as wind direction and moisture transport. The use of higher spatial resolution improves snowpack more than precipitation. However, results presented in this paper suggest that accuracy in the snow simulation is also limited by factors such as deficiencies in the land surface model or biases in other model variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrometeorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Precipitation forecasting
N1  - Accession Number: 11743853; Leung, L. Ruby 1; Email Address: ruby.leung@pnl.gov; Qian, Yun 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1025; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject Term: Precipitation forecasting; Number of Pages: 19p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leung, L. Ruby
AU  - Qian, Yun
AU  - Han, Jongil
AU  - Roads, John O.
T1  - Intercomparison of Global Reanalyses and Regional Simulations of Cold Season Water Budgets in the Western United States.
JO  - Journal of Hydrometeorology
JF  - Journal of Hydrometeorology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1067
EP  - 1087
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 1525755X
AB  - Estimating water budgets of river basins in the western United States is a challenge because of the effects of complex terrain and lack of comprehensive observational datasets. This study aims at comparing different estimates of cold season water budgets of the Columbia River (CRB) and Sacramento–San Joaquin River (SSJ) basins. An intercomparison was performed based on the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis I (NRA1), NCEP–Department of Energy (DOE) reanalysis II (NRA2), ECMWF reanalyses (ERA), regional climate simulations produced by the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) and NCEP Regional Spectral Model (RSM) driven by the reanalyses, and two precipitation datasets gridded at 2.5° and 1/8° for 7 yr between 1986 and 1993. The purpose of the intercomparison was to understand the effects of spatial resolution, model configuration and associated parameterizations, and large-scale conditions on basin-scale water budgets. Overall, the regional simulations were superior to the global reanalyses in terms of the spatial distribution of mean precipitation and precipitation anomalies. However, cold season precipitation was generally amplified in the regional models. Basin mean precipitation was typically higher than observed in the regional models and less than observed in the reanalyses. The amplification was the largest in the RSM simulation driven by NRA2, which had the biggest difference between the reanalyzed and regional simulation of basin mean precipitation. ERA and the MM5 simulations driven by ERA provided the best basin mean precipitation estimates when compared to the 1/8° observational dataset. Large differences remain in estimating the water budgets of western river basins, such as CRB and SSJ. In terms of atmospheric moisture flux, there was a 15%–20% difference between the global reanalyses. In terms of basin mean precipitation, differences among the reanalyses, regional simulations, and observations were as large as 100% of the overall mean. There were large differences in spatial distribution of precipitation between the RSM and MM5 simulations because of terrain representations and other factors. Runoff and snowpack showed the most sensitivity to model differences in spatial resolution, physics parameterizations, and model representations. Better simulations of basin mean precipitation did not necessarily imply superior simulations of runoff or snowpack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrometeorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water supply
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Precipitation anomalies
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - Climatic changes
N1  - Accession Number: 11743851; Leung, L. Ruby 1; Email Address: ruby.leung@pnl.gov; Qian, Yun 1; Han, Jongil 2; Roads, John O. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; 2: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1067; Thesaurus Term: Water supply; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation anomalies; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rakvin, B.
AU  - Žilić, D.
AU  - North, J.M.
AU  - Dalal, N.S.
T1  - Probing magnetic fields on crystals of the nanomagnet Mn12-acetate by electron paramagnetic resonance
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 260
SN  - 10907807
AB  - We report on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) probing of magnetic fields and magnetic field gradients near the surface of a single crystal of the nanomagnet [Mn12O12(CH3COO)16(H2O)4] <f>·</f> 2CH3COOH <f>·</f> 4H2O (Mn12-Ac). As the EPR probe, we utilized a 0.7 mm × 30 μm × 30 μm fiberous needle of the organic conductor N-methylphenazinium-tetracyanoquinodimethane (NMP-TCNQ), which yields an exceptionally sharp peak, with a 0.2 G (∼20 μT) width. In the presence of Mn12-Ac, the probe’s peak exhibits splitting on temperature lowering, which depends on the orientation of the Zeeman field relative to the axis of easy magnetization of the employed Mn12-Ac crystal. The shifted peaks yield the magnitude of the magnetic field from Mn12-Ac crystal to which the various fibers of the probe are subjected. In conjunction with electron microscopy, the shifts yield the field gradient at the crystal surface and its change with temperature. For Mn12-Ac at 10 K, the surface magnetic field was measured to be in the mT range and its gradient on the order of 50 T/m. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 11469774; Rakvin, B. 1 Žilić, D. 1 North, J.M. 2 Dalal, N.S. 2; Email Address: dalal@chem.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ruder Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 2, p260; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2003.08.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Park, J.M.
AU  - Lee, S.J.
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
T1  - Optical and magneto-optical properties of Tb(Mn1−xFex)2 compounds where <f>x=0.35</f>, 0.5, 0.65
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 267
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The room temperature optical and magneto-optical properties of the polycrystalline Tb(Mn1−xFex)2 compounds where <f>x=0.35</f>, 0.5, 0.65 were investigated using spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and magneto-optical polar Kerr spectrometry (MOPKS). The diagonal component of the optical conductivity tensor (<f>σxx</f>) of the compound was obtained by SE in the 1.6–5.0 eV region and the magneto-optical parameters [Kerr rotation (<f>θK</f>) and ellipticity (<f>&epsiv;K</f>)] by MOPKS in the 1.5–5.5 eV energy range. The magnitudes of the Kerr rotation and ellipticity of Tb(Mn1−xFex)2 for <f>x=0.5</f> and 0.65 in the ultraviolet (UV) region are much larger than those of Tb(Mn1−xFex)2 for <f>x=0.35</f>. The origin of the difference in the spectra was explained on the basis of the electronic and magnetic properties of the compounds. The large room temperature values of the Kerr rotation in the UV region for <f>x=0.5</f> and 0.65 suggests these alloys might be candidate materials for magneto-optical applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - Ellipsometry
KW  - Kerr effect
KW  - Magneto-optical properties
KW  - MOKE
KW  - Optical properties
KW  - Terbium–manganese–iron Laves phases
N1  - Accession Number: 11174719; Zhang, W. 1,2 Park, J.M. 2,3 Lee, S.J. 2 Pecharsky, A.O. 2 Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 1,2; Email Address: cagey@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3030, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 267 Issue 2, p197; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ellipsometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kerr effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOKE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terbium–manganese–iron Laves phases; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00353-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ribeiro, R.A.
AU  - Bud'ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Detailed study of the magnetic phase transitions in single crystalline HoNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C and DyNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 267
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We have studied the magnetic phase transitions in single phase, single crystalline HoNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C and DyNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C by measuring the temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and electrical resistivity. This study was undertaken in order to clarify the question of whether DyNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C has a second, higher temperature magnetic phase transition near 16 K. HoNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C has a cascade of magnetic phase transitions between 5 and 6 K. In addition to the superconducting phase transition near 9 K, three magnetic transitions (6.0, 5.5, and 5.2 K) can be easily detected in both of the thermodynamic measurements and are also seen in the electrical transport. The data taken on HoNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C clearly demonstrates that multiple magnetic phase transitions can be readily detected (when they are actually present). In the case of DyNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C only one magnetic phase transition (at <f>TN∼10 K</f>) was detected. The only other phase transition associated with the DyNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C sample was the lower temperature superconducting phase transition at 6.3 K. Despite extensive data collection and analysis, no sign of any phase transition between 10 and 20 K in DyNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C could be detected. This leads us to the conclusion that there is no 16 K magnetic phase transition associated with single phase, single crystal DyNi<f>2</f>B<f>2</f>C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - Antiferromagnetic
KW  - Borocarbides
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Phase transitions
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 11174721; Ribeiro, R.A. 1; Email Address: ribeiro@ameslab.gov Bud'ko, S.L.; Email Address: budko@ameslab.gov Canfield, P.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 267 Issue 2, p216; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiferromagnetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Borocarbides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00355-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Abraham P.
AU  - McConaghy, Charles F.
AU  - Sommargren, Gary
AU  - Krulevitch, Peter
AU  - Campbell, Eugen W.
T1  - Vertical-Actuated Electrostatic Comb Drive With In Situ Capacitative Position Correction for Application in Phase Shifting Diffraction Interferometry.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 960
EP  - 971
SN  - 10577157
AB  - Presents a study that utilized the levitation effect of electrostatic comb fingers to design vertical-to-the-substrate microactuators for optical phase shifting interferometry applications.  Parallel plate capacitor between the suspended mass and the substrate; In situ position sensing to control the vertical movement; Travel range of the designed vertical microactuator; Lock-in amplifier capacitive sensing circuit combined with a digital signal processor.
KW  - LEVITATION
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - MICROACTUATORS
KW  - PHASE shifters
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12314983; Lee, Abraham P. 1; Email Address: aplee@uci.edu McConaghy, Charles F. 2 Sommargren, Gary 2 Krulevitch, Peter 2 Campbell, Eugen W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, CA, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p960; Subject Term: LEVITATION; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: MICROACTUATORS; Subject Term: PHASE shifters; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs, 7 Diagrams, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharpe, Steven W.
AU  - Blake, Thomas A.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
AU  - Maki, Arthur
AU  - Masiello, Tony
AU  - Barber, Jeffrey
AU  - Vulpanovici, Nicolae
AU  - Nibler, Joseph W.
AU  - Weber, Alfons
T1  - The <f>ν3</f> and <f>2ν3</f> bands of 32S16O3, 32S18O3, 34S16O3, and 34S18O3
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 222
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 142
SN  - 00222852
AB  - This sixth of a series of publications on the high-resolution rotation–vibration spectra of sulfur trioxide reports the results of a systematic study of the <f>ν3</f> and <f>2ν3</f> infrared bands of the four symmetric top isotopomers 32S16O3, 32S18O3, 34S16O3, and 34S18O3. An internal coupling between the <f>l=0(A1′)</f> and <f>l=2(E′)</f> levels of the <f>2ν3</f> states was observed. This small perturbation results in a level crossing between <f>|k−l|=9</f> and 12, in consequence of which the band origins of the <f>A1′,l=0</f> “ghost” states could be determined to a high degree of accuracy. Ground and upper state rotational constants as well as vibrational anharmonicity constants are reported. The constants for the center-of-mass substituted species 32S16O3 and 34S16O3 vary only slightly, as do the constants for the 32S18O3, 34S18O3 pair. The S–O bond lengths for the vibrational ground states of the species 32S16O3, 34S16O3, 32S18O3, and 34S18O3 are, respectively, 141.981 99(1), 141.979 38(6), 141.972 78(8), and 141.969 93(8) pm, where the uncertainties, given in parentheses, are two standard deviations and refer to the last digits of the associated quantity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - SULFUR oxides
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11469812; Sharpe, Steven W. 1 Blake, Thomas A. 1 Sams, Robert L. 1 Maki, Arthur 2 Masiello, Tony 3 Barber, Jeffrey 3 Vulpanovici, Nicolae 3 Nibler, Joseph W. 3; Email Address: Niblerj@chem.orst.edu Weber, Alfons 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: 15012 24th Ave., S.E., Mill Creek, WA 98012, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97332-4003, USA  4: National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USA  5: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 222 Issue 2, p142; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: SULFUR oxides; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jms.2003.08.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11469812&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kelleher, J.
AU  - Prime, M. B.
AU  - Buttle, D.
AU  - Mummery, P. M.
AU  - Webster, P. J.
AU  - Shackleton, J.
AU  - Withers, P. J.
T1  - The Measurement of Residual Stress in Railway Rails by Diffraction and other Methods.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 193
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - Residual stresses have been measured in a new roller-straightened railway rail and a worn ex-service rail. Synchrotron (211) lattice strain measurements at ID11 (ESRF) were used to map in-plane components of the stress tensor acting in cross-sectional rail slices. Stress maps made using laboratory X-rays and the magnetic measurement system MAPS, although coarser in detail, show similar trends. The validity of the measured data was examined using a stress balance requirement. Whilst generally true (to ± 15 MPa), stress, balancing was worst (± 50 MPa) in regions with significant plastic deformation, suggesting that the measured (211) lattice strain had become uncharacteristic of the hulk elastic strain. Attributable to plastic anisotropy, this is a well-established issue with diffraction-based stress determination. To complement the in-plane stress measurements, the contour method was used to map the longitudinal stress component in a similar new rail sample, this component being relieved in the slices. On the basis of this result, we show that the remaining unrelieved in-plane stresses in the rail slices are a suitable approximation of those in the original rail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - RAILROAD stations
KW  - RAILROADS
KW  - ELECTRIC railroads -- Rails
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Contour method
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Railway rails
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - Stress balance
N1  - Accession Number: 14705937; Kelleher, J. 1; Email Address: joe@smartscience.co.uk Prime, M. B. 2 Buttle, D. 3 Mummery, P. M. 1 Webster, P. J. 4 Shackleton, J. 1 Withers, P. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Manchester Materials Science Centre, Grosvenor Street, Manchester M1 7HS, UK  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: AEA Technology plc, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3ED, UK  4: FaME38 at ILL-ESRF, Institute for Materials Research, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p187; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: RAILROAD stations; Subject Term: RAILROADS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC railroads -- Rails; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contour method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Railway rails; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress balance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 482114 Passenger rail transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 482111 Line-Haul Railroads; NAICS/Industry Codes: 482112 Short Line Railroads; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10238160410001726602
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, Michael R.
AU  - Dewald, Adrian T.
AU  - Rankin, Jon E.
AU  - Lee, Matthew J.
T1  - The Role of Residual Stress Measurement in the Development of Laser Peening.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
EP  - 200
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - This paper provides a summary of residual stress measurements performed in the development of a specific application of laser peening. Laser peening is an emerging surface treatment for metals that imparts compressive residual stress near the surface by introducing cold work. Since residual stress is a key outcome of the process, its measurement is an important process diagnostic. The first part of this work demonstrates the effects of specific laser peening process variations on the residual stress profile imparted to a corrosion-resistant nickel alloy (Alloy 22, UNS N06022). The second part of this work demonstrates measurements of a two-dimensional spatial distribution of the weld-direction residual sress component for a thick welded joint in the as-welded and laser peened conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - SHOT peening
KW  - METALS -- Finishing
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Laser Peening
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - Surface treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 14705951; Hill, Michael R. 1; Email Address: mrhill@ucdavis.edu Dewald, Adrian T. 1,2 Rankin, Jon E. 2 Lee, Matthew J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Laser Science and Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p195; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: SHOT peening; Subject Term: METALS -- Finishing; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser Peening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface treatment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332813 Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing, and Coloring; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10238160410001726611
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liaw, P. K.
AU  - Choo, H.
AU  - Buchanan, R. A.
AU  - Hubbard, C. R.
AU  - Wang, X. L.
T1  - International Materials Institutes [IMI], Advanced Neutron Scattering Network for Education and Research [ANSWER]: With a Focus on Mechanical Behavior of Materials.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 228
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - Neutron scattering is one of the most powerful characterization techniques available for materials research, and its proven capabilities and anticipated potentials justify the 1.4-billion dollar construction of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) as well as a number of multi-million dollar facility upgrades at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS), and High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) in the US, and at ISIS, the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in UK. However, while the multi-billion dollar constructions are on-going all around the world currently there is no concerted effort within the US in advancing the science and education in the application of neutron scattering in materials research, specifically in the study of mechanical behavior of advanced materials. To be borer positioned in the scientific research at the international level, it is important to develop a network with international counterparts. Therefore, a group of the most active researchers in the neutron-scattering materials-research field will form an international network through the International Materials Institutes (IMI)-Advanced Neutron Scattering netWork for Education and Research (ANSWER) with a focus on mechanical behavior of materials. The IMI provides a synergistic effort in advancing the fundamental understanding of mechanical behavior of materials at the atomic level using state-of-the-art neutron sources in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - SCIENCE museums
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Advanced Neutron Scattering netWork for Education and Research
KW  - Composites
KW  - High flux isotope reactor
KW  - Intense pulsed neutron source
KW  - Mechanical behaviour of material
KW  - Spallation neurtron source
N1  - Accession Number: 14706231; Liaw, P. K. 1; Email Address: pliaw@utk.edu Choo, H. 1 Buchanan, R. A. 1 Hubbard, C. R. 2 Wang, X. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge,d TN 37831-6064, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p221; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: SCIENCE museums; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced Neutron Scattering netWork for Education and Research; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: High flux isotope reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intense pulsed neutron source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical behaviour of material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation neurtron source; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 712110 Museums; NAICS/Industry Codes: 712115 History and science museums; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10238160410001726648
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tillotson, Thomas M.
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
T1  - Structure and characterization of sol–gel and aerogel materials and oxidation products from the reaction of (CH3O)4Si and C16H33Si(OCH3)3
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 331
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 168
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The hexadecyl substituted siloxane, C16H33Si(OCH3)3, was reacted with (CH3O)4Si at the mole ratio of 1–3 in methanol using HBF4 catalysis. Sol–gel materials were formed that have low surface areas (∼10 m2/g). Subsequent supercritical drying using CO2 at 40 °C produced materials that are very different than traditional aerogels, with surface areas around the same values as the corresponding sol–gels, as well as no detectable meso-pore features. In some cases, the aerogels even melted upon heating. Spectroscopic characterization, using IR, 29Si and 13C NMR revealed normal Si–O substitution as well as incorporation of the carbon substituent into the Si framework. Heating of the stable forms of the materials in air at different temperatures yielded, depending upon oxidation conditions, several materials with much higher surface areas, typical of aerogels. Pore size distribution measurements revealed meso-pore features with a narrow distribution of 37–39 A˚. Spectroscopic characterization revealed the disappearance of the R-Si substitution and the appearance of an oxidized intermediate. This paper describes the chemistry and characterization of these unusual sol–gels, aerogels, and oxidation products. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILOXANES
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 11252312; Tillotson, Thomas M. 1 Reynolds, John G.; Email Address: reynolds3@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Forensic Science Center, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-092/369, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 331 Issue 1-3, p168; Subject Term: SILOXANES; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.08.069
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clapsaddle, Brady J.
AU  - Gash, Alexander E.
AU  - Satcher Jr., Joe H.
AU  - Simpson, Randall L.
T1  - Silicon oxide in an iron(III) oxide matrix: the sol–gel synthesis and characterization of Fe–Si mixed oxide nanocomposites that contain iron oxide as the major phase
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 331
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The synthesis of Fe–Si mixed oxide nanocomposite materials in which the iron(III) oxide is the major component is described. In a typical synthesis, the iron oxide precursor, FeCl3 · 6H2O, was mixed with a silica precursor, tetramethyl- or tetraethylorthosilicate, in ethanol and gelled using an organic epoxide. The composition of the resulting materials was varied from Fe/Si (mol/mol)=1–5 by adjusting the amount of silica precursor added to the FeCl3 · 6H2O solution. Further processing of the gels in supercritical CO2 resulted in monolithic, porous aerogel nanocomposite materials with surface areas ranging from 350–450 m2/g. The bulk materials are composed of iron(III) oxide/silica particles that vary in size from 5–20 nm depending on the epoxide used for gelation. Iron(III) oxide and silica dispersion throughout the bulk material is extremely uniform on the nanoscale. The synthesis method presented is general for the synthesis of several other metal oxide/silicon oxide nanocomposite materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - FERRIC oxide
KW  - SILICA
KW  - AEROGELS
N1  - Accession Number: 11252315; Clapsaddle, Brady J.; Email Address: clapsaddle1@llnl.gov Gash, Alexander E. 1 Satcher Jr., Joe H. 1 Simpson, Randall L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate and Energetic Materials Center, P.O. Box 808, L-092, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 331 Issue 1-3, p190; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: FERRIC oxide; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: AEROGELS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.08.068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Hrma, Pavel
AU  - Vienna, John D.
AU  - Qian, Maoxu
AU  - Su, Yali
AU  - Smith, Donald E.
T1  - Effects of Al2O3, B2O3, Na2O, and SiO2 on nepheline formation in borosilicate glasses: chemical and physical correlations
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 331
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 202
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Raman spectroscopy was applied to complex sodium alumino-borosilicate glasses that precipitate nepheline as their primary phase. The main focus was on the Raman band at 850 cm−1 (wavenumber) observed in quenched glasses. Based on the literature, the 850 cm−1 band was assigned to AlIV–O–Si units in which tetrahedral AlIV are substituted for Si in the network, creating [AlO4/2]− anions that are charge-balanced by Na+ cations. The same glasses with various temperature histories were examined with optical microscopy, scanning electron microcopy and transmission electronic microscopy. The results indicated that the 850 cm−1 Raman band was associated with nanocrystals that formed in the melts and were preserved in the quenched samples. The chemistry of these nanocrystals resembled nepheline. Models relating the intensity of the Raman band at 850 cm−1 and the liquidus temperature (<f>TL</f>) to glass composition revealed that a relationship exists between these two properties. An increase in B2O3 and SiO2 decreased the Raman band intensity and the <f>TL</f>, whereas an increase in Al2O3 and Na2O increased both properties. These effects were attributed to the influence of various oxides on the Na+–[AlO4/2]− activity in the melt. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - NEPHELITE
KW  - GLASS
N1  - Accession Number: 11252316; Li, Hong; Email Address: hli@ppg.com Hrma, Pavel 1 Vienna, John D. 1 Qian, Maoxu 1 Su, Yali 1 Smith, Donald E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 331 Issue 1-3, p202; Subject Term: SILICATES; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: NEPHELITE; Subject Term: GLASS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.08.082
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11252316&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bacon, D.J.
AU  - Osetsky, Yu.N.
AU  - Stoller, R.
AU  - Voskoboinikov, R.E.
T1  - MD description of damage production in displacement cascades in copper and α-iron
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 323
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 152
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Molecular dynamics computer simulation was applied for an extensive study of primary damage creation in displacement cascades in copper and α-iron. Primary knock-on atom energy, <f>Ep</f>, of up to 25 keV in copper and 100 keV in iron was considered for irradiation temperatures in the range 100–900 K. Special attention was paid to comprehensive statistical treatment of the number and type of defects created in cascades by conducting multiple simulations for each value of energy and temperature. The total number of point defects per cascade is significantly lower than that predicted by the NRT model and rather similar in the two metals. The fraction of self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) and vacancies that agglomerate in clusters in the cascade process was analysed in detail. The clustered fraction of SIAs increases with temperature increase and is larger in copper than iron. SIA clusters have a variety of forms in both metals and, although most are glissile clusters of parallel crowdions, a significant fraction are sessile. The latter include Frank dislocation loops in copper. Tightly packed arrangements of vacancies do not form in iron, and so the fraction of clustered vacancies depends strongly on the range within which point defects are defined to be near-neighbours. Arrangements of vacancies in first-neighbour sites are common in copper. Most are irregular stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs). In 53 simulations of cascades with <f>Ep=25</f> keV at 100 K, the largest cluster formed contained 89 vacancies. The size spectrum of SFT-like clusters is similar to that found experimentally in neutron-irradiated copper, suggesting that the SFTs observed in experiment are formed directly in the cascade process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - COPPER
KW  - IRON
N1  - Accession Number: 11467229; Bacon, D.J. 1; Email Address: djbacon@liv.ac.uk Osetsky, Yu.N. 1 Stoller, R. 2 Voskoboinikov, R.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 323 Issue 2/3, p152; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: IRON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caturla, M.J.
AU  - Diaz de la Rubia, T.
AU  - Fluss, M.
T1  - Modeling microstructure evolution of f.c.c. metals under irradiation in the presence of He
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 323
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 00223115
AB  - We use kinetic Monte Carlo simulations with input parameters obtained from molecular dynamics calculations to study microstructure evolution in irradiated f.c.c. metals in the presence of He. This model is able to reproduce the characteristic swelling curve of a f.c.c. metal and the dependence of this curve with dose rate. We provide an atomistic description of the evolution of defects produced by irradiation and particularly of void nucleation. Stable, nanometer size He–vacancy complexes, created at the early stages of damage accumulation can grow under irradiation forming voids. These voids are responsible for macroscopic changes in the material, such as volume changes (void swelling). These simulations show how the initial clustering of vacancies in the cascade core influences the evolution of the microstructure and the nucleation of bubbles and voids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - HELIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 11467230; Caturla, M.J. 1,2; Email Address: caturlal@llnl.gov Diaz de la Rubia, T. 2 Fluss, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics, University of Alicante, AP. Correos 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemical & Materials Science Directorate, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 323 Issue 2/3, p163; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: HELIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marian, Jaime
AU  - Wirth, Brian D.
AU  - Schäublin, Robin
AU  - Odette, G.R.
AU  - Perlado, J. Manuel
T1  - MD modeling of defects in Fe and their interactions
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 323
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Ferritic/martensitic steels considered as candidate first-wall materials for fusion reactors experience significant radiation hardening at temperatures below ∼400 °C. A number of experimental studies in ferritic alloys, performed at higher temperatures, have shown the existence of large interstitial loops with Burgers vector <f><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>〈1<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1〉</f> and <f>〈1<hsp sp="0.12">0<hsp sp="0.12">0〉</f> in the bulk, which may provide a significant contribution to the hardening caused during irradiation at lower temperatures. Hardening arises from a high number density of loops, voids and small precipitates, which pin system dislocations, impeding their free glide. In this work, we review the nature of the different interstitial dislocation loops observed in α-Fe and ferritic materials, assess the effect of substitutional impurities on migrating <f><fr SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>〈1<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1〉</f> clusters, and apply atomistic modeling to investigate the mechanisms of formation and growth of <f>〈1<hsp sp="0.12">0<hsp sp="0.12">0〉</f> loops from smaller cascade-produced <f><fr SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2〈1 1 1〉</f> and <f>〈1 0 0〉</f> in the bulk, which may provide a significant contribution to the hardening caused during irradiation at lower temperatures. Hardening arises from a high number density of loops, voids and small precipitates, which pin system dislocations, impeding their free glide. In this work, we review the nature of the different interstitial dislocation loops observed in α-Fe and ferritic materials, assess the effect of substitutional impurities on migrating <f><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>〈1<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1〉</f> clusters, and apply atomistic modeling to investigate the mechanisms of formation and growth of <f>〈1<hsp sp="0.12">0<hsp sp="0.12">0〉</f> loops from smaller cascade-produced <f><fr SHAPE="BUILT" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2〈1 1 1〉</f> clusters, and apply atomistic modeling to investigate the mechanisms of formation and growth of <f>〈1 0 0〉</f> loops from smaller cascade-produced <f><NU>1</NU>/2〈1 1 1〉</f> clusters. The proposed mechanism reconciles experimental observations with continuum elasticity theory and recent MD modeling of defect production in displacement cascades. In addition, the interaction of screw dislocations, known to control the low-temperature plastic response of b.c.c. materials to external stress, with <f>〈1 0 0〉</f> dislocation loops is investigated with MD, where the main physical mechanisms are identified, cutting angles estimated and a first-order estimation of the induced hardening is provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MARTENSITE
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ALLOYS
N1  - Accession Number: 11467232; Marian, Jaime 1; Email Address: jaime@aero.caltech.edu Wirth, Brian D. 1 Schäublin, Robin 2 Odette, G.R. 3 Perlado, J. Manuel 4; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore 94550, USA  2: CRPP, Fusion Technology and Materials, École Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne, CK-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, 1 Ward Memorial Dr., Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  4: Instituto de Fusión Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, Madrid 28006, Spain; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 323 Issue 2/3, p181; Subject Term: MARTENSITE; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morishita, K.
AU  - Sugano, R.
AU  - Wirth, B.D.
T1  - MD and KMC modeling of the growth and shrinkage mechanisms of helium–vacancy clusters in Fe
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 323
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A multiscale modeling approach, which is based on atomistic simulations, was applied to investigate the growth and shrinkage mechanisms of helium–vacancy (He–V) clusters in Fe. Firstly, a molecular dynamics technique with empirical interatomic potentials was used to determine energies for the formation and dissociation of clusters as a function of their size and He density. Both the number of He atoms and vacancies in a cluster ranged from 0 to 20. The dissociation energy of clusters showed a strong dependence on the He density, rather than the cluster size, indicating that the growth and shrinkage of clusters strongly depend on the He density. Secondly, these dissociation energies were employed in a kinetic Monte-Carlo (KMC) simulation, to explore long-time cluster behavior. The KMC simulation indicated that He can stabilize He–V clusters by suppressing thermal vacancy emission and by promoting thermal self-interstitial Fe atom emission. A preliminary KMC simulation to investigate the migration behavior of He–V clusters is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - IRON
KW  - 61.72.Cc
N1  - Accession Number: 11467239; Morishita, K. 1; Email Address: morishita@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp Sugano, R. 1 Wirth, B.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 323 Issue 2/3, p243; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: IRON; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.019
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Koning, M.
AU  - Kurtz, R.J.
AU  - Bulatov, V.V.
AU  - Henager, C.H.
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Cai, W.
AU  - Nomura, M.
T1  - Modeling of dislocation–grain boundary interactions in FCC metals
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 323
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
SN  - 00223115
AB  - In this paper recent 2D and 3D computational modeling studies of the interaction between dislocations and grain boundaries (GB) in FCC metals will be presented. 2D simulations of lattice dislocation interaction with <f>Σ11</f> tilt GBs in Al are presented and discussed. Studies of a <f>Σ11</f> symmetric tilt GB reveal that transmitted dislocations result in local GB migration and disconnection formation. A classical elastic analysis makes correct predictions in one case but not another. Glissile GB dislocations are created in this process, which means that part of the transmitted dislocation is absorbed. Calculations of lattice dislocations interacting with a <f>Σ11</f> asymmetric tilt GB show that the nature of the interaction depends on local GB structure and transmission is observed in some cases to occur on planes that do not have the highest resolved glide stress. Results of large-scale 3D molecular dynamic simulations are also described, investigating the interaction between dislocations nucleating from a crack tip and a number of symmetric tilt GBs in Ni. Using a line-tension model to analyze the data, it is found that the outcomes of dislocation–GB collisions can be rationalized in terms of only three geometrical parameters, in accordance with in situ TEM observations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - 71.15.Pd
N1  - Accession Number: 11467243; de Koning, M. 1 Kurtz, R.J. 2; Email Address: rj.kurtz@pnl.gov Bulatov, V.V. 1 Henager, C.H. 2 Hoagland, R.G. 2 Cai, W. 1 Nomura, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 323 Issue 2/3, p281; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.Pd; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hiratani, M.
AU  - Zbib, H.M.
T1  - On dislocation–defect interactions and patterning: stochastic discrete dislocation dynamics (SDD)
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 323
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 290
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The problem of dislocation patterning and interaction of threading dislocations with immobile dislocation loops and defects is investigated analytically and computationally based on a statistical analysis and a recently developed model of discrete stochastic dislocation dynamics (SDD), respectively. The statistical analysis is based on the Friedel–Kocks model and shows the validity of the Friedel relation for the critical resolved stress while a power law with different stress dependence is obtained for the average pinning distance on a stable dislocation array. The difference of the stress dependence is attributed to each model assumptions, such as stable dislocation configurations in athermal system or meta-stable configurations in thermally activated system. The SDD computational study includes thermal and strain fluctuation, predicting non-trivial fractal instability of the plastic strain. The height difference correlations of the plastic strain show that the external load causes a multifractality, and enhances the instability at higher order moments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11467244; Hiratani, M. 1 Zbib, H.M. 2; Email Address: zbib@wsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA 94551, USA  2: School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 323 Issue 2/3, p290; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.042
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Dabney K.
T1  - Phenotype- and Gene-Driven Approaches to Discovering the Functions of Mammalian Genes.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 133
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4269
EP  - 4270
SN  - 00223166
AB  - All of us are involved in discovery science as we pursue the genes, networks, cellular processes and biophysical principles that govern our chosen biological question. For those of us who choose to proceed using plant or animal models to dissect the elements of our favorite biological system, there are many classical and newer approaches available for our use, including two complementary strategies by which the discovery process is proceeding at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The ORNL has been known for six decades for its investigations of the effects of radiation and chemicals in inducing heritable mutations in mouse germ cells, and for using mouse mutations as tools for the cloning and characterization of mammalian genes. Our history and experience in making mouse models are being applied via these two complementary strategies: 1), a phenotypedriven approach, in which mice carrying random chemically-induced mutations are screened for abnormal phenotypes; and 2) a gene-driven approach in which heritable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in preselected genes already thought likely to influence a biological system of choice can be recovered in live mice. The SNP-carrying mice can then be phenotyped for alterations in one's target biology. Both approaches have value and are necessary; while we can use mutations in genes that we already know to be of interest in our favorite biology to discover gene function, we also know that biology is full of surprise genes whose effects on our favorite biology would not be predicted and which will be identified only through phenotype screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - GENES
KW  - RADIATION -- Physiological effect
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - GERM cells
KW  - MICE
N1  - Accession Number: 11972572; Johnson, Dabney K. 1; Email Address: johnsondk@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 133 Issue 12, p4269; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: GERM cells; Subject Term: MICE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ćurić, Manda
AU  - Babić, Darko
AU  - Marinić, Željko
AU  - Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana
AU  - Butković, Vjera
AU  - Plavec, Janez
AU  - Tušek-Božić, Ljerka
T1  - Synthesis and characterisation of Pd(II) complexes with a derivative of aminoazobenzene: Dynamic 1H-NMR study of cyclopalladation reactions in DMF
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 687
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - Three new Pd(II) complexes, i.e. [PdCl2L]2 (A), PdCl2L2 (B) and [Pd(μ-Cl)(L-H)]2 (C), each with two diethyl [α-(4-benzenazoanilino)-2-hydroxybenzyl]phosphonates (L) bound to either one or two palladium atoms, are synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, by IR, UV–vis and solid-state 13C-NMR spectra. Complexes B and C are additionally characterized by 1H-, 13C- and 31P-NMR and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) studies using dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent. In DMF solution adducts A and B undergo spontaneous rearrangement into the cyclopalladated complex C. Dynamic 1H-NMR study of this rearrangement as well as of the reactions of L with PdCl2 and Na2PdCl4 revealed a complex equilibrium in DMF solutions and enabled the formation mechanism of all involved species to be resolved. The complex A is immediately solvolyzed producing two molecules of intermediate M [PdCl2(L)(DMF)]. Complex M was also the first intermediate in the reaction of L with PdCl2. Once present in concentration above 10−5 mol dm−3M dimerizes very fast into chloro-bridged dimer [PdCl(μ-Cl)(L)]2 (D) which undergoes cyclopalladation and converts into the complex C. The formation of C from the intermediate D is clearly demonstrated by the concentration dependence of the cyclopalladation reaction which has order greater than one. Chloride ions, released by cyclopalladation, react with D by splitting chloro-bridge and binding to metal atoms to produce byproduct [PdCl3(L)]− (T). The same species T are formed in the reaction of L with Na2PdCl4 whereby a chloride ion is replaced by the ligand L. The complex B undergoes similar, but slower, solvolytic reaction producing M and L while further reaction steps are identical as in the solvolysis of A. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry)
KW  - PALLADIUM compounds
KW  - PHOSPHONATES
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - 1H-NMR study
KW  - Azobenzenes
KW  - Cyclopalladation
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Palladium
N1  - Accession Number: 11251692; Ćurić, Manda 1; Email Address: curic@rudjer.irb.hr Babić, Darko 1 Marinić, Željko 1 Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana 2 Butković, Vjera 1 Plavec, Janez 3 Tušek-Božić, Ljerka 1; Affiliation:  1: Ruder Boškovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 687 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry); Subject Term: PALLADIUM compounds; Subject Term: PHOSPHONATES; Subject Term: AMIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1H-NMR study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Azobenzenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclopalladation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.07.013
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson
AU  - D. G.
AU  - Schoonover
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Timpson
AU  - C. J.
AU  - Meyer
AU  - T. J.
T1  - Time-Dependent Raman Analysis of Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited States:  Application to Radiative and NonRadiative Decay.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 107
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 10250
EP  - 10260
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The photophysical properties of the emitting metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states of the complexes, [Os(bpy)3]2+, [Os(bpy)2(py)2]2+, and [Os(bpy)(py)4]2+ (bpy = 4-4‘-bipyridine, py = pyridine) have been characterized in aqueous solution at room temperature by absorption, emission, and Raman spectroscopies and by emission lifetimes and emission quantum yields. A spectroscopic model has been developed by using the time-dependent theory of Raman scattering, taking into account interference effects on resonance Raman profiles arising from interactions between the different ligands. A model based on the cylindrical model of Sension and Strauss provides a good fit to the data. The mode-specific vibrational parameters obtained from the spectroscopic analysis are used to calculate the vibrational contributions to the radiative and nonradiative decay rate constants for each of the complexes. These results and the experimental rate constants were used to calculate vibrationally induced electronic coupling matrix elements (Vk) for nonradiative decay and also transition moments, M, for radiative decay. For radiative decay, the average transition moment for the three complexes was 0.05Å, and for nonradiative decay, the average value of Vk was 910 cm-1. Within a reasonable margin of error, the Franck-Condon contributions are in agreement with values obtained in a previous study that used the single mode approximation and a Franck-Condon analysis of emission spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - LIGANDS
N1  - Accession Number: 11618844; Thompson D. G. 1 Schoonover J. R. 1 Timpson C. J. 1 Meyer T. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 48, p10250; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feller
AU  - D.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
T1  - A Nonparametrized Ab Initio Determination of the Heat of Formation of Hydroxylamine, NH2OH.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 107
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 10419
EP  - 10427
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Coupled cluster calculations through noniterative triple excitations were used to compute optimized structures, harmonic vibrational frequencies, atomization energies at 0 K, and heats of formation at 298 K for hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and three related compounds (NH3, HNO, and H2O2). The use of basis sets as large as augmented sextuple-ζ resulted in small extrapolations to the complete basis set limit in order to achieve chemical accuracy (±1 kcal/mol) in the thermodynamic properties. Complete basis set estimates were determined from several simple extrapolation formulas. In addition, four other corrections were applied to the frozen core atomization energies:  (1) a zero-point vibrational correction, (2) a core/valence correlation correction, (3) a Douglas-Kroll-Hess scalar relativistic correction, and (4) a first-order atomic spin-orbit correction. For NH3 and HNO, we incorporated a fifth correction term intended to approximate the difference between coupled cluster theory and the full configuration interact result. This correction was based on coupled cluster theory through iterative quadruple excitations (CCSDTQ). Excellent agreement with experiment was found for the heats of formation of NH3, HNO, and H2O2. For NH2OH, the best current estimate of the heat of formation at 298 K is -10.1 ± 0.3 kcal/mol, which falls roughly midway between two experimental values at -12.0 ± 2.4 and -7.9 ± 1.5 kcal/mol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
KW  - ATOMIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11618865; Feller D. 1 Dixon D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, and Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K1-83, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 48, p10419; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahurin
AU  - S. M.
AU  - Dai
AU  - S.
AU  - Barnes
AU  - M. D.
T1  - Probing the Diffusion of a Dilute Dye Solution in Mesoporous Glass with Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 107
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 13336
EP  - 13340
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The translational motion of rhodamine 6g dye molecules near the surface of a mesoporous glass with a disordered pore structure and a nominal pore diameter of 130 Å is measured by the application of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) to fluorescence burst data as dye molecules diffuse through the laser excitation volume. FCS analysis indicates that the motion of the rhodamine 6g molecules in the mesoporous glass deviates from simple Brownian motion with a single diffusion constant. Two models, including two-component diffusion and diffusion plus adsorption, are utilized to fit the correlation data. The multicomponent diffusion model comprised of free diffusion (with a diffusion coefficient of 4.89 × 10-7 cm2/s) and transient adsorption/desorption (desorption time of 67 ms) provides the best fit and the most plausible explanation of the correlation data. Possible explanations for the shift to multicomponent diffusion, such as restriction of the dye molecules within the pores of the glass, as well as increased viscosity and adsorption at the surface, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - GLASS
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11636301; Mahurin S. M. 1 Dai S. 1 Barnes M. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 48, p13336; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregg
AU  - B. A.
T1  - Comment on “Diffusion Impedance and Space Charge Capacitance in the Nanoporous Dye-Sensitized Electrochemical Solar Cell” and “Electronic Transport in Dye-Sensitized Nanoporous TiO2 Solar Cells—Comparison of Electrolyte and Solid-State Devices”
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 107
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 13540
EP  - 13540
SN  - 15206106
N1  - Accession Number: 11636329; Gregg B. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 48, p13540; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Zhongwu
AU  - Schiferl, David
AU  - Zhao, Yusheng
AU  - O'Neill, H.St. C.
T1  - High pressure Raman spectroscopy of spinel-type ferrite ZnFe2O4
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 64
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2517
SN  - 00223697
AB  - An in-situ Raman spectroscopic study was conducted to explore the pressure induced phase transformation of spinel-type ferrite ZnFe2O4. Results indicate that ferrite ZnFe2O4 initially transforms to an orthorhombic structure phase (CaFe2O4-polymorph) at a pressure of 24.6 GPa. Such a phase transformation is complete at 34.2 GPa, and continuously remains stable to the peak pressure of 61.9 GPa. The coexistence of the two phases over a wide range of pressure implies a sluggish mechanism upon the spinel-to-orthorhombic phase transition. Upon release of pressure, the high pressure ZnFe2O4 polymorph is quenchable at ambient conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - C. High-pressure
KW  - C. Raman Spectroscopy
KW  - D. Phase transitions
N1  - Accession Number: 11172969; Wang, Zhongwu 1,2; Email Address: z_wang@lanl.gov Schiferl, David 1 Zhao, Yusheng 1 O'Neill, H.St. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA  2: Center for Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions (CeSMEC), Florida International University, VH-150, University Park, Miami, FL 33199 USA  3: Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, 2000, Australia; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 64 Issue 12, p2517; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. High-pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Raman Spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase transitions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpcs.2003.08.005
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eyink, Gregory L.
AU  - Shiyi Chen
AU  - Qiaoning Chen
T1  - Gibbsian Hypothesis in Turbulence.
JO  - Journal of Statistical Physics
JF  - Journal of Statistical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 113
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 719
EP  - 740
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00224715
AB  - We show that Kolmogorov multipliers in turbulence cannot be statistically independent of others at adjacent scales (or even a finite range apart) by numerical simulation of a shell model and by theory. As the simplest generalization of independent distributions, we suppose that the steady-state statistics of multipliers in the shell model are given by a translation-invariant Gibbs measure with a short-range potential, when expressed in terms of suitable “spin” variables: real-valued spins that are logarithms of multipliers and XY-spins defined by local dynamical phases. Numerical evidence is presented in favor of the hypothesis for the shell model, in particular novel scaling laws and derivative relations predicted by the existence of a thermodynamic limit. The Gibbs measure appears to be in a high-temperature, unique-phase regime with “paramagnetic” spin order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Statistical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - Kolmogorov multipliers
KW  - shell models
KW  - turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 16764513; Eyink, Gregory L. 1,2; Email Address: eyink@mts.jhu.edu Shiyi Chen 2,3,4,5 Qiaoning Chen 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721  2: Department of Mathematical Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218;  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore  4: Center for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory  5: Peking University, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 113 Issue 5/6, p719; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kolmogorov multipliers; Author-Supplied Keyword: shell models; Author-Supplied Keyword: turbulence; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
AU  - Putkaradze, Vakhtang
AU  - Weidman, Patrick D.
AU  - Wingate, Beth A.
T1  - Boundary Effects on Exact Solutions of the Lagrangian-Averaged Navier–Stokes-α Equations.
JO  - Journal of Statistical Physics
JF  - Journal of Statistical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 113
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 841
EP  - 854
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00224715
AB  - In order to clarify the behavior of solutions of the Lagrangian-averaged Navier–Stokes-α (LANS-α) equations in the presence of solid walls, we identify a variety of exact solutions of the full equations and their boundary layer approximations. The solutions demonstrate that boundary conditions suggested for the LANS-α equations in the literature(1) for a bounded domain do not apply in a semi-infinite domain. The convergence to solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations as α → 0 is elucidated for infinite-energy solutions in a semi-infinite domain, and non-uniqueness of these solutions is discussed. We also study the boundary layer approximation of LANS-α equations, denoted the Prandtl-α equations, and report solutions for turbulent jets and wakes. Our version of the Prandtl-α equations includes an extra term necessary to conserve linear momentum and corrects an earlier result of Cheskidov.(2) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Statistical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - WAKES (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - boundary layers
KW  - exact solutions
KW  - fluid dynamics
KW  - jets
KW  - stagnation
KW  - turbulence
KW  - wakes
N1  - Accession Number: 16764508; Holm, Darryl D. 1; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov Putkaradze, Vakhtang 2; Email Address: putkarad@math.unm.edu Weidman, Patrick D. 3; Email Address: Patrick.Weidman@colorado.edu Wingate, Beth A. 4; Email Address: wingate@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 and Mathematics Department, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom  2: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-1141  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427  4: Computer and Computational Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 113 Issue 5/6, p841; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: WAKES (Fluid dynamics); Author-Supplied Keyword: boundary layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: exact solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: jets; Author-Supplied Keyword: stagnation; Author-Supplied Keyword: turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: wakes; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stock, S.R.
AU  - Ignatiev, K.I.
AU  - Dahl, T.
AU  - Veis, A.
AU  - De Carlo, F.
T1  - Three-dimensional microarchitecture of the plates (primary, secondary, and carinar process) in the developing tooth of Lytechinus variegatus revealed by synchrotron X-ray absorption microtomography (microCT)
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 144
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
SN  - 10478477
AB  - This paper reports the first noninvasive, volumetric study of entire cross-sections of a sea urchin tooth in which the individual calcite structural elements could be resolved. Two cross-sectionally intact fragments of a Lytechinus variegatus tooth were studied with synchrotron microCT (microcomputed tomography) with 1.66 μm voxels (volume elements). These fragments were from the plumula, that is the tooth zone with rapidly increasing levels of mineral; one fragment was from a position aboral of where the keel developed and the second was from the zone where the keel was developing. The primary plates, secondary plates, carinar process plates, prisms, and elements of the lamellar–needle complex were resolved. Comparison of the microCT data with optical micrographs of stained thin sections confirmed the identifications and measured dimensions of the characteristic microarchitectural features. The interplay of reinforcing structures (plates and prisms) was more clearly revealed in the volumetric numerical data sets than in single or sequential slices. While it is well known that the primary plates and prisms in camarodont teeth are situated to improve resistance to bending (which can be termed primary bending), the data presented provide a new understanding of the mechanical role of the carinar process plates, that is, a geometry consistent with that required in the keel to resist lateral or transverse bending of the tooth about a second axis. The increase in robustness of teeth incorporating lateral keel reinforcement suggests that the relative development of carinar processes (toward a geometry similar to that of L. variegatus) is a character which can be used to infer which sea urchins among the stirodonts are most primitive and among the camarodonts which are more primitive. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEA urchins
KW  - LYTECHINUS
KW  - BIOMINERALIZATION
KW  - Biomineralization
KW  - Lytechinus variegatus
KW  - Microtomography (microCT)
KW  - Sea urchin
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Tooth
N1  - Accession Number: 11469938; Stock, S.R. 1; Email Address: s-stock@northwestern.edu Ignatiev, K.I. 1 Dahl, T. 2 Veis, A. 2 De Carlo, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Bioengineering and Nanoscience in Advanced Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA  2: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA  3: XOR, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 144 Issue 3, p282; Subject Term: SEA urchins; Subject Term: LYTECHINUS; Subject Term: BIOMINERALIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomineralization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lytechinus variegatus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microtomography (microCT); Author-Supplied Keyword: Sea urchin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tooth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114113 Salt water fishing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jsb.2003.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuchcinski, Krzysztof
AU  - Wolinski, Christophe
T1  - Global approach to assignment and scheduling of complex behaviors based on HCDG and constraint programming
JO  - Journal of Systems Architecture
JF  - Journal of Systems Architecture
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 49
IS  - 12-15
M3  - Article
SP  - 489
SN  - 13837621
AB  - This paper presents global high-level synthesis (HLS) approach which addresses the problem of synthesis of conditional behaviors under resource constraints. In proposed methodology, the conditional behaviors are represented by hierarchical conditional dependency graphs (HCDG) and synthesized using derived constraints programming (CP) models. Our synthesis methods exploit multicycle operations and chaining as well as conditional resource sharing and speculative execution at the same time. We assign both functional units and registers while making possible to conditionally share these components. These techniques are essential in HLS and the experiments carried out using the developed prototype system showed good performance of the synthesized designs and proved the feasibility of the presented approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Systems Architecture is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
KW  - GRAPH theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11471263; Kuchcinski, Krzysztof 1; Email Address: krzysztof.kuchcinski@cs.lth.se Wolinski, Christophe 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  3: IRISA, IFSIC, France; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 49 Issue 12-15, p489; Subject Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; Subject Term: GRAPH theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-7621(03)00075-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinil Lee
AU  - Hao Li
AU  - Lee, Woo Y.
AU  - Lance, Michael J.
T1  - Effects of Oxygen Partial Pressure on the Nucleation Behavior and Morphology of Chemically-Vapor-Deposited Zirconia on Hi-Nicalon Fiber and Si.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 86
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2031
EP  - 2036
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - A ZrO[sub 2] coating was prepared on Hi-Nicalon fiber and singlecrystal Si by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using ZrCl[sub 4], CO[sub 2], and H[sub 2] as precursors at 1050°C. The effects of oxygen partial pressure on the nucleation behavior of the CVD-ZrO[sub 2] coating were systematically studied by intentionally varying the controlled amount of O[sub 2] into the CVD chamber. Characterization results suggested that the number density of tetragonal ZrO[sub 2] nuclei apparently decreased with increasing the oxygen partial pressure from 4 × 10[sup -3] to 1.6 Pa. Also, the coating layer became more columnar and contained larger monoclinic ZrO[sub 2] grains. The observed relationships between the oxygen partial pressure and the nucleation and morphologic characteristics of the ZrO[sub 2] coating were attributed to the grain size and oxygen deficiency effects, which have been previously reported to cause the stabilization of the tetragonal ZrO[sub 2] phase in bulk ZrO[sub 2] specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11795487; Jinil Lee 1 Hao Li 1 Lee, Woo Y. 1 Lance, Michael J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Materials Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 86 Issue 12, p2031; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 9 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brewer, L.N.
AU  - Peascoe, R.A.
AU  - Hubbard, C.R.
AU  - Dravid, V.P.
T1  - Residual Stress Distributions in the Solid Solution Eutectic, Co[sub1-x]Ni[subx]O/ZrO[sub2](CaO).
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 86
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2188
EP  - 2194
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - This study investigates thermal mismatch stresses in the lamellar microstructure of the solid solution directionally solidified eutectic (DSE) oxide Co[sub 1-x]Ni[sub x]O/ZrO[sub 2](CaO). X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements were performed on isolated eutectic domains to measure the residual strain and stress tensors. Maximum principal residual stresses on the order of 1 GPa were recorded, with the Co[sub 1-x]Ni[sub x]O and the ZrO[sub 2](CaO) phases maintaining states of tensile and compressive stress, respectively. The stress tensors for these materials are compared with measurements for similar DSE oxide systems and suggest that solid solution DSEs might be used to tailor the residual stress states in DSE composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - EUTECTICS
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - STRESS concentration
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11795656; Brewer, L.N. 1 Peascoe, R.A. 2 Hubbard, C.R. 2 Dravid, V.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 86 Issue 12, p2188; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: EUTECTICS; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: STRESS concentration; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 7 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laskin, Julia
AU  - Futrell, Jean H.
T1  - Surface-induced dissociation of peptide ions: kinetics and dynamics
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1340
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Kinetics and dynamics studies have been carried out for the surface-induced dissociation (SID) of a set of model peptides utilizing a specially designed electrospray ionization Fourier Transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer in which mass-selected and vibrationally relaxed ions are collided on a orthogonally-mounted fluorinated self-assembled monolayer on Au {111} crystal. The sampling time in this apparatus can be varied from hundreds of microseconds to tens of seconds, enabling the investigation of kinetics of ion decomposition over an extended range of decomposition rates. RRKM-based modeling of these reactions for a set of polyalanines demonstrates that SID kinetics of these simple peptides is very similar to slow, multiple-collision activation and that the distribution of internal energies following collisional activation is indistinguishable from a thermal distribution. For more complex peptides comprised of several amino acids and with internal degrees of freedom (DOF) of the order of 350 there is a dramatic change in kinetics in which RRKM kinetics is no longer capable of describing the decomposition of these complex ions. A combination of RRKM kinetics and the “sudden death” approximation, according to which decomposition occurs instantaneously, is a satisfactory description. This implies that a population of ions—which is dependant on the nature of the peptide, kinetic energy and sampling time—decomposes on or very near the surface. The shattering transition is described quantitatively for the limited set of molecules examined to date. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - IONS
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - AMINO acids
N1  - Accession Number: 11537269; Laskin, Julia 1; Email Address: Julia.Laskin@pnl.gov Futrell, Jean H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 14 Issue 12, p1340; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2003.08.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hua-Gen Yu
AU  - Muckerman, James T.
T1  - THEORETICAL DETERMINATION OF ROVIBRATIONAL ENERGIES AND ANOMALOUS ISOTOPIC EFFECT OF WEAKLY BOUND CLUSTER HXeOH.
JO  - Journal of Theoretical & Computational Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Theoretical & Computational Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
EP  - 581
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02196336
AB  - The rovibrational energy levels of HXeOH and its isotopomers have been calculated using a two-layer Lanczos algorithm in Radau-diatom-Jacobi coordinates based on a high level ab initio potential energy surface. The surface is obtained by fitting to 1229 RCCSD(T)/SDB-cc-pVQZ energy points. The equilibrium geometry of HXeOH is determined to have a trans configuration with a nearly collinear HXeO bond angle of 177.32 degrees. The well depth of this minimum is only 0.6123 eV with respect to the OH+Xe+H dissociation limit. The results show that the H–Xe stretching frequency of HXeOH and HXeOD has an anomalous isotopic shift upon [sup 18]O isotope substitution, whereas the D–Xe stretch in DXeOH and DXeOD displays a normal isotopic shift. This trend is consistent with the experimental observations in a Xe solid matrix. The present results predict a lower frequency for the H–Xe stretch than was observed in the solid matrix experiment. Either these results are too low or there is a strong blue shift due to the matrix in the experimental values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical & Computational Chemistry is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - XENON
KW  - isotopic effect
KW  - potential energy surface
KW  - Rovibrational spectrum
KW  - two-layer Lanczos iterative diagonalization
N1  - Accession Number: 11627475; Hua-Gen Yu 1; Email Address: hgy@bnl.gov Muckerman, James T. 1; Email Address: muckerma@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p573; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: XENON; Author-Supplied Keyword: isotopic effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: potential energy surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rovibrational spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-layer Lanczos iterative diagonalization; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tun Lu, Bill
AU  - Goldfield, Evelyn M.
AU  - Gray, Stephen K.
T1  - THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS FOR MOLECULAR HYDROGEN ADSORPTION IN CARBON NANOTUBES BASED ON ITERATIVELY DETERMINED NANO-CONFINED BOUND STATES.
JO  - Journal of Theoretical & Computational Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Theoretical & Computational Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 621
EP  - 625
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02196336
AB  - A model for H[sub 2] inside single-walled carbon nanotubes is outlined. ARPACK (the Arnoldi package), a robust iterative matrix-vector eigenvalue software library, is used to determine the allowed quantum states of H[sub 2] inside various carbon nanotubes. This information is used to construct the equilibrium constants for H[sub 2] adsorption as a function of temperature for a variety of CNTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical & Computational Chemistry is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - BOUND states (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - carbon nanotubes
KW  - hydrogen storage
KW  - implicitly restarted Lanczos method
KW  - Iterative methods
KW  - molecular eigenstates
N1  - Accession Number: 11627474; Tun Lu, Bill 1; Email Address: tlu@chem.wayne.edu Goldfield, Evelyn M. 1; Email Address: evi@snn.science.wayne.edu Gray, Stephen K. 2; Email Address: gray@anchim.chm.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 482O2, USA.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p621; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: BOUND states (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: implicitly restarted Lanczos method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iterative methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular eigenstates; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lowery, Thomas J.
AU  - Rubin, Seth M.
AU  - Ruiz, E. Janette
AU  - Spence, Megan M.
AU  - Winssinger, Nicolas
AU  - Schultz, Peter G.
AU  - Pines, Alexander
AU  - Wemmer, David E.
T1  - Applications of laser-polarized 129xe to biomolecular assays
JO  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X)
JF  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X)
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1235
SN  - 0730725X
AB  - The chemical shift sensitivity and significant signal enhancement afforded by laser-polarized 129Xe have motivated the application of 129Xe NMR to biological imaging and spectroscopy. Recent research done by our group has used laser-polarized 129Xe in biomolecular assays that detect ligand-binding events and distinguish protein conformations. The successful application of unfunctionalized and functionalized 129Xe NMR to in vitro biomolecular assays suggests the potential future use of a functionalized xenon biosensor for in vivo imaging. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X) is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN conformation
KW  - LASERS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - Ligand-protein interactions
KW  - Protein conformation assay
KW  - Xenon binding
N1  - Accession Number: 11885657; Lowery, Thomas J. 1,2 Rubin, Seth M. 1,2 Ruiz, E. Janette 1,3 Spence, Megan M. 1,3 Winssinger, Nicolas 4 Schultz, Peter G. 4 Pines, Alexander 1 Wemmer, David E. 1,3; Email Address: DEWemmer@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Physical Biosciences Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Materials Sciences Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 21 Issue 10, p1235; Subject Term: PROTEIN conformation; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ligand-protein interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein conformation assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon binding; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mri.2003.08.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Plato C.
AU  - Parks, Eric K.
AU  - Moran, Brian J.
T1  - An innovative dosimetric model for formulating a semi-analytical solution for the activity-volume relationship in prostate implants
JO  - Medical Dosimetry
JF  - Medical Dosimetry
Y1  - 2003///Winter2003
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 253
SN  - 09583947
AB  - An innovative (and yet simple) dosimetric model is proposed that provides a semi-analytical solution to the total activity-volume relationship in ultrasound-guided transperineal prostate implant. This dosimetric model is based on 4 simple assumptions. First, the prostate target volume is approximated as a sphere. Second, the urethra is presumed to transverse through the center of the prostate target volume. Third, peripheral loading is applied as the seed-loading technique. Fourth, as the major innovation of the proposed model, the radial dose function of the Iodine-125 125I seed is forced to fit a simple power function of the distance r. Pursuant to the third assumption, the peripherally-loaded seeds also define a spherical volume defined as the loading volume w. Also pursuant to the fourth assumption, the radial dose function is expressed as 1.139*r-0.474 for r = 1.5 to 2.5 cm. Thereafter, a simple analytical power-law equation, A = 1.630* w0.825, for the relationship between the total activity A in mCi and the loading volume w in cc is derived for 125I monotherapy. Isodose plans for loading volumes corresponding to r = 1.5, 1.8, 2.2, and 2.5 cm were performed. The maximal isodose coverage volume maxV100 was calculated for each case and was found to be on the average 65% larger than the loading volume w. Matching prostate target volume V to the loading volume w therefore yields a generous implant (with a margin of approximately 3.3 mm). Conversely, matching the prostate target volume V to the maxV100 yields a tight implant (with 0.0 mm or no margin). Matching the prostate target volume V to a midpoint between the loading volume w and maxV100 yields a moderate implant (with approximately 1- to 2-mm margin). Three individual equations are derived for each type of implants: A = 1.630* V0.825, A = 1.288* V0.825, or A = 1.078 V0.825 for generous, tight, or moderate implants, respectively. Patient data at the Chicago Prostate Cancer Center are found to support the above dosimetric model and the 3 semi-analytically derived equations. The above equations are also compared favorably with some of the previously published equations from other authors. These results support the efficacy of the proposed dosimetric model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Medical Dosimetry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - RADIATION -- Dosage
KW  - PROSTATE
KW  - ARTIFICIAL implants
KW  - URETHRA
KW  - Activity-volume relationship
KW  - Peripheral loading
KW  - Radial dose function
KW  - TUPI
N1  - Accession Number: 22259516; Lee, Plato C. 1; Email Address: platolee@ix.netcom.com Parks, Eric K. 2 Moran, Brian J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Alexian Brothers Radiation Oncology Center, Elk Grove Village, IL, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  3: Chicago Prostate Cancer Center, Westmont, IL, USA; Source Info: Winter2003, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p243; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: RADIATION -- Dosage; Subject Term: PROSTATE; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL implants; Subject Term: URETHRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activity-volume relationship; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peripheral loading; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radial dose function; Author-Supplied Keyword: TUPI; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.meddos.2003.03.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alamgir, Faisal M.
AU  - Jain, Himanshu
AU  - Williams, David B.
AU  - Schwarz, Ricardo B.
T1  - The structure of a metallic glass system using EXELFS and EXAFS as complementary probes
JO  - Micron
JF  - Micron
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 34
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
SN  - 09684328
AB  - The short-range atomic order around all three constituent atoms in a prototypical bulk metallic glass (BMG) system was probed in a complementary way, using extended X-ray absorption fine structure for neighborhood of the higher atomic number elements, and extended energy loss fine structure (EXELFS) for the lower atomic number ones. The Pd<f>x</f>Ni<f>(80−x)</f>P(20) system is a prototype for a whole class of BMG formers which are 80% transition metal and 20% metalloid. We find that the structure of these BMGs could be explained in terms of those of glasses at the end of the BMG range, namely, Pd60Ni20P20 and Pd30Ni50P20. The binary phosphide crystals near <f>x=0</f> and 80 are found to be simulate very well the local atomic structure of Pd30Ni50P20 and Pd60Ni20P20 glasses, respectively. The best glass former in this series, Pd40Ni40P20, is best described by a weighted average of Pd30Ni50P20 and Pd60Ni20P20 structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Micron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - PHOSPHIDES
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - Bulk metallic glass
KW  - Electron energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - Extended energy loss fine structure
KW  - Pd–Ni–P
KW  - X-ray absorption
N1  - Accession Number: 11111498; Alamgir, Faisal M. 1; Email Address: alamgir@bnl.gov Jain, Himanshu 2 Williams, David B. 2 Schwarz, Ricardo B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory and the Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bikini Atoll Rd., SM 30, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 34 Issue 8, p433; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: PHOSPHIDES; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulk metallic glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron energy loss spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extended energy loss fine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pd–Ni–P; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0968-4328(03)00100-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Virginia H. Dale
AU  - Sandra Brown
AU  - Magnolia O. Calderón
AU  - Arizmendis S. Montoya
AU  - Raúl E. Martínez
T1  - Estimating baseline carbon emissions for the Eastern Panama Canal watershed.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 348
SN  - 13812386
AB  - To participate in the potential market for carbon credits based on changes in the use and management of the land, one needs to identify opportunities and implement land-use based emissions reductions or sequestration projects. A key requirement of land-based carbon (C) projects is that any activity developed for generating C benefits must be additional to business-as-usual. A rule-based model was developed and used that estimates changes in land-use and subsequent carbon emissions over the next twenty years using the Eastern Panama Canal Watershed (EPCW) as a case study. These projections of changes in C stocks serve as a baseline to identify where opportunities exist for implementing projects to generate potential C credits and to position Panama to be able to participate in the emerging C market by developing a baseline under scenarios of business-as-usual and new-road development. The projections show that the highest percent change in land use for the new-road scenario compared to the business-as-usual scenario is for urban areas, and the greatest cause of C emission is from deforestation. Thus, the most effective way to reduce C emissions to the atmosphere in the EPCW is by reducing deforestation. In addition to affecting C emissions, reducing deforestation would also protect the soil and water resources of the EPCW. Yet, under the current framework of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), only credits arising from reforestation are allowed, which after 20 years of plantation establishment are not enough to offset the C emissions from the ongoing, albeit small, rate of deforestation in the EPCW. The study demonstrates the value of spatial regional projections of changes in land cover and C stocks: • The approach helps a country identify its potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emission liabilities into the future and provides opportunity for the country to plan alternative development pathways. • It could be used by potential project developers to identify which types of projects will generate the largest C benefits and provide the needed baseline against which a project is then evaluated. • Spatial baselines, such as those presented here, can be used by governments to help identify development goals. • The development of such a baseline, and its expansion to other vulnerable areas, well positions Panama to respond to the future market demand for C offsets. • It is useful to compare the projected change in land cover under the business-as-usual scenario to the goals set by Law 21 for the year 2020. Suggested next steps for analysis include using the modeling approach to explore land-use, C dynamics and management of secondary forests and plantations, soil C gains or losses, sources of variability in the land use and C stock projections, and other ecological implications and feedbacks resulting from projected changes in land cover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Panama Canal (Panama)
KW  - Panama
N1  - Accession Number: 20391679; Virginia H. Dale 1; Sandra Brown 2; Magnolia O. Calderón 3; Arizmendis S. Montoya 3; Raúl E. Martínez 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; E-mail: dalevh@ornl.gov; 2: Ecosystem Services Unit, Winrock International, 1621 N Kent St, Suite 1200, Arlington, VA 22209, USA; 3: Remote Sensing Unit of the Panama Canal Watershed, Panama Canal Authority, Panama City, Panama; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p323; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Panama Canal (Panama); Subject: Panama; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lue, Neal F.
AU  - You-Chin Lin, Neal F.
AU  - Mian, I. Saira
T1  - A Conserved Telomerase Motif within the Catalytic Domain of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Is Specifically Required for Repeat Addition Processivity.
JO  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
JF  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 23
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 8440
EP  - 8449
SN  - 02707306
AB  - Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase responsible for the maintenance of one strand of the telomere terminal repeats. The catalytic protein subunit of the telomerase complex, known as TERT, possesses a reverse transcriptase (RT) domain that mediates nucleotide addition. The RT domain of TERT is distinguishable from retroviral and retrotransposon RTs in having a sizable insertion between conserved motifs A and B', within the so-called fingers domain. Sequence analysis revealed the existence of conserved residues in this region, named IFD (insertion in fingers domain). Mutations of some of the conserved residues in Saccharomyces cerevisiae TERT (Est2p) abolished telomerase function in vivo, testifying to their importance. Significant effects of the mutations on telomerase activity in vitro were observed, with most of the mutants exhibiting a uniform reduction in activity regardless of primer sequence. Remarkably, one mutant manifested a primer-specific defect, being selectively impaired in extending primers that form short hybrids with telomerase RNA. This mutant also accumulated products that correspond to one complete round of repeat synthesis, implying an inability to effect the repositioning of the DNA product relative to the RNA template that is necessary for multiple repeat addition. Our results suggest that the ability to stabilize short RNA-DNA hybrids is crucial for telomerase function in vivo and that this ability is mediated in part by a more elaborate fingers domain structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular & Cellular Biology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOPROTEINS
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - TELOMERASE
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
N1  - Accession Number: 11682496; Lue, Neal F. 1; Email Address: nflue@med.cornell.edu You-Chin Lin, Neal F. 1 Mian, I. Saira 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, W. R. Hearst Microbiology Research, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 23, p8440; Subject Term: NUCLEOPROTEINS; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: TELOMERASE; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 8 Black and White Photographs, 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walden, Helen
AU  - Podgorski, Michael S.
AU  - Huang, Danny T.
AU  - Miller, David W.
AU  - Howard, Rebecca J.
AU  - Minor Jr., Daniel L.
AU  - Holton, James M.
AU  - Schulman, Brenda A.
T1  - The Structure of the APPBP1-UBA3-NEDD8-ATP Complex Reveals the Basis for Selective Ubiquitin-like Protein Activation by an E1
JO  - Molecular Cell
JF  - Molecular Cell
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1427
SN  - 10972765
AB  - E1 enzymes initiate ubiquitin-like protein (ubl) transfer cascades by catalyzing adenylation of the ubl''s C terminus. An E1''s selectivity for its cognate ubl is essential because the E1 subsequently coordinates the ubl with its correct downstream pathway. We report here the structure of the 120 kDa quaternary complex between human APPBP1-UBA3, a heterodimeric E1, its ubl NEDD8, and ATP. The E1 selectively recruits NEDD8 through a bipartite interface, involving a domain common to all ubl activating enzymes including bacterial ancestors, and also eukaryotic E1-specific sequences. By modeling ubiquitin into the NEDD8 binding site and performing mutational analysis, we identify a single conserved arginine in APPBP1-UBA3 that acts as a selectivity gate, preventing misactivation of ubiquitin by NEDD8''s E1. NEDD8 residues that interact with E1 correspond to residues in ubiquitin important for binding the proteasome and other ubiquitin-interacting proteins, suggesting that the conjugation and recognition machineries have coevolved for each specific ubl. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 11768675; Walden, Helen 1 Podgorski, Michael S. 1 Huang, Danny T. 1 Miller, David W. 1 Howard, Rebecca J. 2 Minor Jr., Daniel L. 2 Holton, James M. 3 Schulman, Brenda A. 1; Email Address: brenda.schulman@stjude.org; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Structural Biology and Genetics/Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105 USA  2: Cardiovascular Research Institute and Departments of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 6-2100, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p1427; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eberling, J. L.
AU  - Cunningham, J.
AU  - Pivirotto, P.
AU  - Bringas, J.
AU  - Daadi, M. M.
AU  - Bankiewicz, K. S.
T1  - In vivo PET imaging of gene expression in parkinsonian monkeys
JO  - Molecular Therapy
JF  - Molecular Therapy
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
SN  - 15250016
N1  - Accession Number: 11610143; Eberling, J. L. 1,2; Email Address: jleberling@lbl.gov Cunningham, J. 3 Pivirotto, P. 4 Bringas, J. 4 Daadi, M. M. 4 Bankiewicz, K. S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Functional Imaging Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Department of Neurology University of California at Davis Davis, California 95616, USA  3: Avigen, Inc. Alameda, California 94502, USA  4: University of California at San Francisco San Francisco, California 94143, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p873; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ymthe.2003.09.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, H. L.
AU  - Svanberg, S.
AU  - Cowan, R. D.
AU  - Lefèbvre, P.-H.
AU  - Quinet, P.
AU  - Biémont, E.
T1  - Theoretical and experimental lifetime and oscillator strength determination in singly ionized neodymium (Nd  ii).
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 346
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
EP  - 440
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - Radiative lifetime measurements were performed with time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence techniques for 24 levels of Nd  ii in the energy range 20 500–32 500 cm−1. For 17 levels, no previous experimental data exist. These results have allowed the testing of new theoretical calculations with the relativistic Hartree–Fock method taking configuration interactions and core-polarization effects into account, and a satisfying agreement has been found for this complex ion. A new set of calculated oscillator strengths, accurate within a few per cent for the strongest transitions, is presented for 107 lines of astrophysical interest appearing in the wavelength range 358.0–1100.0 nm. These results will be useful to evaluate abundance values of neodymium in chemically peculiar stars in relation with cosmochronology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUDIO-frequency oscillators
KW  - COSMOCHRONOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11463229; Xu, H. L. 1 Svanberg, S. 1 Cowan, R. D. 2 Lefèbvre, P.-H. 3 Quinet, P. 3,4 Biémont, E. 3,4; Email Address: E.Biemont@ulg.ac.be; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, PO Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA  3: IPNAS, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman B15, B-4000 Liège, Belgium  4: Astrophysique et Spectroscopie, Université de Mons-Hainaut, B-700 Mons, Belguim; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 346 Issue 2, p433; Subject Term: AUDIO-frequency oscillators; Subject Term: COSMOCHRONOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07107.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Linder, E. V.
AU  - Jenkins, A.
T1  - Cosmic structure growth and dark energy.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2003/12//12/1/2003
VL  - 346
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
EP  - 583
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - Dark energy has a dramatic effect on the dynamics of the Universe, causing the recently discovered acceleration of the expansion. The dynamics are also central to the behaviour of the growth of large-scale structure, offering the possibility that observations of structure formation provide a sensitive probe of the cosmology and dark energy characteristics. In particular, dark energy with a time-varying equation of state can have an influence on structure formation stretching back well into the matter-dominated epoch. We analyse this impact, first calculating the linear perturbation results, including those for weak gravitational lensing. These dynamical models possess definite observable differences from constant equation of state models. Then we present a large-scale numerical simulation of structure formation, including the largest volume to date involving a time-varying equation of state. We find the halo mass function is well described by the Jenkins et al. mass function formula. We also show how to interpret modifications of the Friedmann equation in terms of a time-variable equation of state. The results presented here provide steps toward realistic computation of the effect of dark energy in cosmological probes involving large-scale structure, such as cluster counts, the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect or weak gravitational lensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
N1  - Accession Number: 11463224; Linder, E. V. 1; Email Address: EVLinder@lbl.gov Jenkins, A. 2; Email Address: A.R..Jenkins@durham.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institute for Computational Cosmology, Physics Department, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE; Source Info: 12/1/2003, Vol. 346 Issue 2, p573; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07112.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sperber, Kenneth R.
T1  - Propagation and the Vertical Structure of the Madden-Julian Oscillation.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 131
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3018
EP  - 3037
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - Describes the space-time structure of the Madden-Julian oscillation.  National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis; Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer outgoing longwave radiation; Observed sea surface temperature; Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation; Use of empirical orthogonal function analysis to identify the convective signature of the MJO.
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC tides
KW  - ATMOSPHERE -- Research
KW  - ADVANCED very high resolution radiometers
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
KW  - WEATHER forecasting
KW  - CONVECTION (Meteorology)
N1  - Accession Number: 12121891; Sperber, Kenneth R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 131 Issue 12, p3018; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC tides; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE -- Research; Subject Term: ADVANCED very high resolution radiometers; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: WEATHER forecasting; Subject Term: CONVECTION (Meteorology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541990 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hess
AU  - H.
AU  - Matzke
AU  - C. M.
AU  - Doot
AU  - R. K.
AU  - Clemmens
AU  - J.
AU  - Bachand
AU  - G. D.
AU  - Bunker
AU  - B. C.
AU  - Vogel
AU  - V.
T1  - Molecular Shuttles Operating Undercover:  A New Photolithographic Approach for the Fabrication of Structured Surfaces Supporting Directed Motility.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1651
EP  - 1655
SN  - 15306984
AB  - The integration of active transport into nanodevices greatly expands the scope of their applications. Molecular shuttles represent a nanoscale transport system driven by biomolecular motors that permits the transport of molecular cargo under user-control and along predefined paths. Specifically, we utilize functionalized microtubules as shuttles, which may be transported by kinesin motor proteins along photolithographically defined tracks on a surface. While it was thought that efficient guiding along these tracks requires a combination of surface chemistry and topography, we show here that channel-like tracks with a particular wall geometry can be created to efficiently guide microtubules in the absence of selectively adsorbed motor proteins. This new wall geometry consists of an undercut 200 nm high at the bottom of the channel wall fabricated by image reversal photolithography using AZ5214 photoresist. Microtubules move unencumbered in the undercut, suggesting applications for nanofluidic systems and for in vitro motility assays mimicking the restricted environment characteristic of intracellular transport. Because adsorbed kinesin supports motility on top and bottom surfaces of the guiding channels, this guiding mechanism may serve as a first step toward the development of three-dimensional architectures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ACTIVE biological transport
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - MICROTUBULES
N1  - Accession Number: 11693552; Hess H. 1 Matzke C. M. 1 Doot R. K. 1 Clemmens J. 1 Bachand G. D. 1 Bunker B. C. 1 Vogel V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 3 Issue 12, p1651; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ACTIVE biological transport; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: MICROTUBULES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beard
AU  - M. C.
AU  - Turner
AU  - G. M.
AU  - Murphy
AU  - J. E.
AU  - Micic
AU  - O. I.
AU  - Hanna
AU  - Nozik
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Schmuttenmaer
AU  - C. A.
T1  - Electronic Coupling in InP Nanoparticle Arrays.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1695
EP  - 1699
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Arrays and lattices formed from nanoparticles (NPs) present unique opportunities for new optoelectronic materials whose properties can be tuned by controlling the size of the individual NPs and their interparticle separation to effect strong inter-NP electronic coupling. Characterization of the interdot coupling as a function of interdot distance is essential. Using time-resolved THz spectroscopy, we report a six-fold increase in the transient photoconductivity in disordered arrays of 3.2 nm diameter InP NPs separated by 0.9 nm compared to arrays with 1.8 nm separation. Photoconductivity in the arrays is compared to that of isolated NPs and InP epilayers. The epilayer samples exhibit bulk transport behavior while the NP samples do not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 11693560; Beard M. C. 1 Turner G. M. 1 Murphy J. E. 1 Micic O. I. 1 Hanna Nozik A. J. 1 Schmuttenmaer C. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Campus Box 215, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, and Center for Basic Sciences, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401-3393; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 3 Issue 12, p1695; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bunker
AU  - B. C.
AU  - Kim
AU  - B. I.
AU  - Houston
AU  - J. E.
AU  - Rosario
AU  - R.
AU  - Garcia
AU  - A. A.
AU  - Hayes
AU  - M.
AU  - Gust
AU  - D.
AU  - Picraux
AU  - S. T.
T1  - Direct Observation of Photo Switching in Tethered Spiropyrans Using the Interfacial Force Microscope.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1723
EP  - 1727
SN  - 15306984
AB  - The interfacial force microscope has been used to establish the changes in the surface chemistry that accompany photoactivated opening and closing of rings in tethered spiropyran monolayers. Contact potential measurements show that ring opening via ultraviolet light creates a more polar surface, while exposure to visible light closes the rings and resets the surface. Normal force measurements show that open ring structures are protonated in electrolyte solutions, amplifying the switching of electrical double-layer forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - PYRAN
N1  - Accession Number: 11693565; Bunker B. C. 1 Kim B. I. 1 Houston J. E. 1 Rosario R. 1 Garcia A. A. 1 Hayes M. 1 Gust D. 1 Picraux S. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 3 Issue 12, p1723; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: PYRAN; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kannan
AU  - B.
AU  - Castelino
AU  - K.
AU  - Majumdar
AU  - A.
T1  - Design of Nanostructured Heterojunction Polymer Photovoltaic Devices.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1729
EP  - 1733
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Solar cells made from blends of conjugated polymers and nanostructured inorganic materials are an important class of organic photovoltaic devices. However, there has been no systematic theoretical analysis of their operation and performance. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model to analyze the performance of two classes of heterojunction solar cells composed of ordered nanostructures. Based on the simulations, we conclude that in order to obtain reasonable efficiencies, the size and spacing of the nanostructures must be on the order of the exciton diffusion length scale. Possible quantum and other confinement effects are qualitatively discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
N1  - Accession Number: 11693566; Kannan B. 1 Castelino K. 1 Majumdar A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 3 Issue 12, p1729; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang
AU  - X.
AU  - Guillorn
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Austin
AU  - D.
AU  - Melechko
AU  - A. V.
AU  - Cui
AU  - H.
AU  - Meyer
AU  - H. M.
AU  - Merkulov
AU  - V. I.
AU  - Caughman
AU  - J. B. O.
AU  - Lowndes
AU  - D. H.
AU  - Simpson
AU  - M. L.
T1  - Fabrication and Characterization of Carbon Nanofiber-Based Vertically Integrated Schottky Barrier Junction Diodes.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1751
EP  - 1755
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We report on the fabrication and electrical characterization of active nanoscale electronic devices using single vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs). A rectifying behavior consistent with a 0.3 eV Schottky barrier was found. Experimental results indicate that a region of semiconducting SiC is formed directly beneath the VACNF during the growth process, creating the Schottky-barrier junction between this semiconductor material and the metallic carbon nanofibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SCHOTTKY-barrier diodes
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
N1  - Accession Number: 11693570; Yang X. 1 Guillorn M. A. 1 Austin D. 1 Melechko A. V. 1 Cui H. 1 Meyer H. M. Merkulov V. I. 1 Caughman J. B. O. 1 Lowndes D. H. 1 Simpson M. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Molecular-Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6006, Materials Science and Engineering Department, the University of Tennessee, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, the University of Tennessee, Nanostructured and Thin-Film Materials Physics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and Fusion Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 3 Issue 12, p1751; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SCHOTTKY-barrier diodes; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeytun, Ahmet
AU  - Jeromin, Andreas
AU  - Scalettar, Bethe A.
AU  - Waldo, Geoffrey S.
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew R. M.
T1  - Fluorobodies combine GFP fluorescence with the binding characteristics of antibodies.
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
JF  - Nature Biotechnology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1473
EP  - 1479
SN  - 10870156
AB  - The difficulty of deriving binding ligands to targets identified by genomic sequencing has led to a bottleneck in genomic research. By inserting diverse antibody binding loops into four of the exposed loops at one end of green fluorescent protein (GFP), we have mimicked the natural antibody binding footprint to create robust binding ligands that combine the advantages of antibodies (high affinity and specificity) with those of GFP (intrinsic fluorescence, high stability, expression and solubility). These 'fluorobodies' have been used effectively in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), flow cytometry, immuno-fluorescence, arrays and gel shift assays, and show affinities as high as antibodies. Furthermore, the intrinsic fluorescence of fluorobodies correlates with binding activity, allowing the rapid determination of functionality, concentration and affinity. These properties render them especially suitable for the high-throughput genomic scale selections required in proteomics, as well as in diagnostics, target validation and drug development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Biotechnology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Green fluorescent protein
KW  - Genetic research
KW  - Ligand binding (Biochemistry)
KW  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - Immunofluorescence
KW  - Immunoglobulins
KW  - Drug development
N1  - Accession Number: 11806094; Zeytun, Ahmet 1; Jeromin, Andreas 2; Scalettar, Bethe A. 3; Waldo, Geoffrey S. 1; Email Address: waldo@telomere.lanl.gov; Bradbury, Andrew R. M. 1; Email Address: amb@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Bioscience Division, HRL-1 TA-43 MS M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; 2: Division of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.; 3: Department of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, 231 Olin Center, Portland, Oregon 97219, USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 21 Issue 12, p1473; Subject Term: Nucleotide sequence; Subject Term: Green fluorescent protein; Subject Term: Genetic research; Subject Term: Ligand binding (Biochemistry); Subject Term: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Subject Term: Immunofluorescence; Subject Term: Immunoglobulins; Subject Term: Drug development; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nbt911
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khosla, Chaitan
AU  - Keasling, Jay D.
T1  - Timeline: Metabolic engineering for drug discovery and development.
JO  - Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
JF  - Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1019
EP  - 1025
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 14741776
AB  - Metabolic engineering has been defined as the redirection of metabolic pathways using genetic manipulation. Since the emergence of metabolic engineering science in the early 1980s, the field has made notable strides not only at a conceptual level, but also with regard to translating these concepts into practical products and processes. Today, metabolic engineering plays an important role in the generation of fuels from renewable resources, the conversion of agricultural raw materials (for example, corn syrup) into bulk and specialty chemicals, and the discovery, development and scale-up of therapeutically useful products. This article focuses on recent advances in the last category. Specifically, we review the impact that converging developments in genetic engineering and biosynthetic chemistry are having on natural-product drug discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Reviews Drug Discovery is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRUG development
KW  - GENETIC engineering
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
KW  - RENEWABLE natural resources
KW  - PHARMACOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12058835; Khosla, Chaitan 1; Email Address: ck@chemeng.stanford.edu Keasling, Jay D. 2; Email Address: keasling@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stanford University  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California and Synthetic Biology Department, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 2 Issue 12, p1019; Subject Term: DRUG development; Subject Term: GENETIC engineering; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: RENEWABLE natural resources; Subject Term: PHARMACOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nrd1256
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12058835&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schiffer, Wynne K.
AU  - Logan, Jean
AU  - Dewey, Stephen L.
T1  - Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Potential Mechanisms Underlying Phencyclidine-Induced Alterations in Striatal Dopamine.
JO  - Neuropsychopharmacology
JF  - Neuropsychopharmacology
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 28
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2192
EP  - 2198
SN  - 0893133X
AB  - Positron emission tomography (PET), in combination with 11C-raclopride, was used to examine the effects of phencyclidine (PCP) on dopamine (DA) in the primate striatum. In addition, we explored the hypotheses that GABAergic pathways as well as molecular targets beyond the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex (ie dopamine transporter proteins, DAT) contribute to PCP's effects. In the first series of experiments, 11C-raclopride was administered at baseline and 30 min following intravenous PCP administration. In the second series of studies, γ-vinyl GABA (GVG) was used to assess whether enhanced GABAergic tone altered NMDA antagonist-induced changes in DA. Animals received an initial PET scan followed by pretreatment with GVG (300 mg/kg), then PCP 30 min prior to a second scan. Finally, we explored the possible contributions of DAT blockade to PCP-induced increases in DA. By examining 11C-cocaine binding a paradigm in which PCP was coadministered with the radiotracer, we assessed the direct competition between these two compounds for the DAT. At 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg, PCP decreased 11C-raclopride binding by 2.1, 14.9 ± 2.2 and 8.18 ± 1.1%, respectively. These effects were completely attenuated by GVG (3.38 ± 3.1% decrease in 11C-raclopride binding). Finally, PCP (0.5 mg/kg) decreased 11C-cocaine binding by 25.5 ± 4.3%, while at 1.0 mg/kg this decrease was 13.5%, consistent with a competitive interaction at the DAT. These results suggest that PCP may be exerting some direct effects through the DAT and that GABA partially modulates NMDA-antagonist-induced increases in striatal DA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Neuropsychopharmacology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - SCHIZOPHRENIA
KW  - PHENCYCLIDINE
KW  - METHYL aspartate
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - dopamine
KW  - GABA
KW  - NMDA antagonist
KW  - phencyclidine
KW  - positron emission tomography (PET)
KW  - schizophrenia
KW  - vigabatrin
N1  - Accession Number: 22416725; Schiffer, Wynne K. 1,2; Email Address: wynne@bnl.gov Logan, Jean 2 Dewey, Stephen L. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: SUNY Stony Brook, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook, NY, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 28 Issue 12, p2192; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: SCHIZOPHRENIA; Subject Term: PHENCYCLIDINE; Subject Term: METHYL aspartate; Subject Term: DOPAMINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: dopamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: GABA; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMDA antagonist; Author-Supplied Keyword: phencyclidine; Author-Supplied Keyword: positron emission tomography (PET); Author-Supplied Keyword: schizophrenia; Author-Supplied Keyword: vigabatrin; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.npp.1300258
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Crow, Lowell
AU  - Hoffmann, Christina
T1  - Workshop Focuses on Neutron Detectors.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Report
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Highlights the Neutron Detector Workshop at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility in Bloomington, Indiana from May 29 to 30, 2003.  Aim of the workshop; Target audience of the workshop; Discussions of the status of neutron detector development work; Presentation of an outline for neutron detector development by Ron Cooper of Spallation Neutron Source in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - BLOOMINGTON (Ind.)
KW  - INDIANA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - INDIANA University
KW  - COOPER, Ron
N1  - Accession Number: 14022924; Crow, Lowell 1 Hoffmann, Christina 1; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p4; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: BLOOMINGTON (Ind.); Subject Term: INDIANA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: INDIANA University; People: COOPER, Ron; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ekkebus, Allen E.
T1  - SNS Update.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 33
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Presents information on the Spallation Neutron Source project in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.  Conventional facilities that still need construction work; Completion of the Tennessee Valley Authority electrical transmission line; Activities that dominate the remaining construction work.
KW  - CONVENTION facilities
KW  - ELECTRIC lines -- Poles & towers
KW  - OAK Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14023071; Ekkebus, Allen E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p33; Subject Term: CONVENTION facilities; Subject Term: ELECTRIC lines -- Poles & towers; Subject Term: OAK Ridge (Tenn.); Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561591 Convention and Visitors Bureaus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335932 Noncurrent-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238990 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Runyan, M.C.
AU  - Ade, P.A.R.
AU  - Bock, J.J.
AU  - Bond, J.R.
AU  - Cantalupo, C.
AU  - Contaldi, C.R.
AU  - Daub, M.D.
AU  - Goldstein, J.H.
AU  - Gomez, P.L.
AU  - Holzapfel, W.L.
AU  - Kuo, C.L.
AU  - Lange, A.E.
AU  - Lueker, M.
AU  - Newcomb, M.
AU  - Peterson, J.B.
AU  - Pogosyan, D.
AU  - Romer, A.K.
AU  - Ruhl, J.
AU  - Torbet, E.
AU  - Woolsey, D.
T1  - First results from the arcminute cosmology bolometer array receiver
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 915
SN  - 13876473
AB  - We review the first science results from the Arcminute Cosmology Bolometer Array Receiver (ACBAR); a multi-frequency millimeter-wave receiver optimized for observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effect in clusters of galaxies. ACBAR was installed on the 2 m Viper telescope at the South Pole in January 2001 and the results presented here incorporate data through July 2002. We present the power spectrum of the CMB at 150 GHz over the range <f>ℓ=150–3000</f> measured by ACBAR as well as estimates for the values of the cosmological parameters within the context of ΛCDM models. We find that the inclusion of <f>ΩΛ</f> greatly improves the fit to the power spectrum. We also observe a slight excess of small-scale anisotropy at 150 GHz; if interpreted as power from the SZ effect of unresolved clusters, the measured signal is consistent with CBI and BIMA within the context of the SZ power spectrum models tested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOLOMETERS
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - WAVE energy
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - GALAXIES -- Clusters
KW  - Cosmic microwave background – instrumentation
KW  - Observations
N1  - Accession Number: 11538716; Runyan, M.C. 1; Email Address: mcr@grizelda.uchicago.edu Ade, P.A.R. 2 Bock, J.J. 3 Bond, J.R. 4 Cantalupo, C. 5 Contaldi, C.R. 4 Daub, M.D. 6 Goldstein, J.H. 7,8 Gomez, P.L. 9 Holzapfel, W.L. 6 Kuo, C.L. 6,10 Lange, A.E. 1 Lueker, M. 6 Newcomb, M. 6 Peterson, J.B. 9 Pogosyan, D. 4 Romer, A.K. 9 Ruhl, J. 7 Torbet, E. 8 Woolsey, D. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Math, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Wales CF24 3YB, UK  3: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  4: Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Canada  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  7: Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA  8: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  9: Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  10: Department of Astronomy, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720,USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 11/12, p915; Subject Term: BOLOMETERS; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: WAVE energy; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: GALAXIES -- Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmic microwave background – instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Observations; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.09.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Montroy, T.
AU  - Ade, P.A.R.
AU  - Balbi, A.
AU  - Bock, J.J.
AU  - Bond, J.R.
AU  - Borrill, J.
AU  - Boscaleri, A.
AU  - Cabella, P.
AU  - Contaldi, C.R.
AU  - Crill, B.P.
AU  - de Bernardis, P.
AU  - De Gasperis, G.
AU  - de Oliveira-Costa, A.
AU  - De Troia, G.
AU  - di Stefano, G.
AU  - Ganga, K.
AU  - Hivon, E.
AU  - Hristov, V.V.
AU  - Iacoangeli, A.
AU  - Jaffe, A.H.
T1  - Measuring CMB polarization with Boomerang
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1057
SN  - 13876473
AB  - Boomerang is a balloon-borne telescope designed for long duration (LDB) flights around Antarctica. The second LDB flight of Boomerang took place in January 2003. The primary goal of this flight was to measure the polarization of the CMB. The receiver uses polarization sensitive bolometers at 145 GHz. Polarizing grids provide polarization sensitivity at 245 and 345 GHz. We describe the Boomerang telescope noting changes made for 2003 LDB flight, and discuss some of the issues involved in the measurement of polarization with bolometers. Lastly, we report on the 2003 flight and provide an estimate of the expected results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - BOLOMETERS
KW  - POLARIZATION spectroscopy
KW  - SPACE flight
KW  - ANTARCTICA
N1  - Accession Number: 11538732; Montroy, T. 1,2; Email Address: tom@cmb.phys.cwru.edu Ade, P.A.R. 3 Balbi, A. 4 Bock, J.J. 5,6 Bond, J.R. 7 Borrill, J. 8,9 Boscaleri, A. 10 Cabella, P. 4 Contaldi, C.R. 7 Crill, B.P. 11 de Bernardis, P. 12 De Gasperis, G. 4 de Oliveira-Costa, A. 13 De Troia, G. 12 di Stefano, G. 14 Ganga, K. 15 Hivon, E. 15 Hristov, V.V. 6 Iacoangeli, A. 12 Jaffe, A.H. 16; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3YB, Wales, UK  4: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy  5: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA  6: Observational Cosmology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA  7: Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada  8: National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, LBNL, Berkeley, CA, USA  9: Center for Particle Astrophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  10: IFAC-CNR, Firenze, Italy  11: CSU Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, USA  12: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy  13: Physics Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA  14: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Roma, Italy  15: IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA  16: Astrophysics Group, Imperial College, London, UK; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 11/12, p1057; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: BOLOMETERS; Subject Term: POLARIZATION spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPACE flight; Subject Term: ANTARCTICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.09.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - George, K.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Hamilton, J. G.
AU  - DeLucia, E. H.
T1  - Fine-root respiration in a loblolly pine and sweetgum forest growing in elevated CO2.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 160
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
EP  - 522
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - © New Phytologist (2003) doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00911.x [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - RESPIRATION
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - LIQUIDAMBAR
KW  - CARBON
KW  - annual fine-root respiration
KW  - free-air CO[SUB2] enrichment (FACE)
KW  - growth respiration
KW  - loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)
KW  - maintenance respiration
KW  - nitrogen uptake respiration
KW  - sweetgum (Liquidambar styeaciflua).
KW  - temperate forest
N1  - Accession Number: 11414931; George, K. 1; Email Address: drkategeorge@yahoo.com Norby, R. J. 2 Hamilton, J. G. 3 DeLucia, E. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of  Plant Biology, University of  Illinois at  Urbana -Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802,  USA.  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.  3: Department of Biology,  Ithaca College, Ithaca NY,  14850, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 160 Issue 3, p511; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Subject Term: RESPIRATION; Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: LIQUIDAMBAR; Subject Term: CARBON; Author-Supplied Keyword: annual fine-root respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air CO[SUB2] enrichment (FACE); Author-Supplied Keyword: growth respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: loblolly pine (Pinus taeda); Author-Supplied Keyword: maintenance respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen uptake respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: sweetgum (Liquidambar styeaciflua).; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperate forest; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00911.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Binkley, M.
AU  - Wagner, R.L.
AU  - Mukherjee, A.
AU  - Ambrose, D.
AU  - Bauer, G.
AU  - Khazins, D.M.
AU  - Atac, M.
T1  - Aging in large CDF tracking chambers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 515
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The experience of the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) with aging in the large axial drift chamber responsible for tracking in the central region is presented. Premature aging in the Run 1 chamber was observed after only 0.02 C/cm. After cleaning much of the gas system and making modifications to reduce aerosols from the alcohol bubbler, the observed aging rate fell dramatically in test chambers. Considerable effort has been made to better understand the factors that affect aging since the replacement chamber for Run 2 will accumulate about 1.0 C/cm. Current test chambers using the full CDF gas system show aging rates of less than 5%/C/cm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ETHANES
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - GASES
KW  - Aging
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Argon
KW  - Chamber
KW  - Clean
KW  - Ethane
KW  - Gaseous
KW  - Wire
N1  - Accession Number: 11425726; Binkley, M. 1; Email Address: binkley@fnal.gov Wagner, R.L. 1 Mukherjee, A. 1 Ambrose, D. 2 Bauer, G. 3 Khazins, D.M. 1 Atac, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 515 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ETHANES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: GASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alcohol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Argon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clean; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gaseous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.130
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferguson, T.
AU  - Gavrilov, G.
AU  - Gratchev, V.
AU  - Dalin, J.M.
AU  - Krivchitch, A.
AU  - Kuznetsova, E.
AU  - Lebedev, V.
AU  - Lobachev, E.
AU  - Polychronakos, V.
AU  - Schipunov, L.
AU  - Tchernjatin, V.
T1  - Swelling phenomena in anode wires aging under a high accumulated dose
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 515
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 266
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present results from an aging investigation of straw drift-tubes placed under sustained irradiation from a 2 Ci 90Sr β-source. The aging phenomenon of gold-plated tungsten wires with diameters 25, 30 and 35 μm with accumulated charges up to 9 C/cm was studied thoroughly. Aging tests were carried out with different gas mixtures: 70% Xe+10% CO2+20% CF4, 60% Ar+30% CO2+10% CF4, 40% Ar+40% CO2+20% C2H2F4, and 60% Ar+30% CO2+10% C2H2F4. As a result of the aging process, the gold coating on the wires was damaged, and the wire diameter increased. For the first two gas mixtures, the wire swelling effect was concentrated only in the center of the irradiated zone. In comparison, the performance deterioration in the mixtures containing C2H2F4 proved to be quite different. The gold coating on the wires was damaged, but outside the irradiating area. Large deposits were found on the wire surface, both in the vicinity of the irradiated zone and downstream of the gas flow. All deposits contained tungsten and oxygen, resulting in the local increase of the wire diameter by 36% (from 30 to 41 μm). Our data show that both aforementioned aging effects have a similar reason: the swelling of the wire material that creates forces within the anode wire and cracks the gold coating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRIFT chambers
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Aging
KW  - Intensive irradiation
KW  - Oxidation,Tungsten
KW  - Wire swelling
N1  - Accession Number: 11425758; Ferguson, T. 1 Gavrilov, G. 2 Gratchev, V. 3 Dalin, J.M. 4 Krivchitch, A. 2; Email Address: kriv@rec03.pnpi.spb.ru Kuznetsova, E. 2 Lebedev, V. 2 Lobachev, E. 2 Polychronakos, V. 3 Schipunov, L. 2 Tchernjatin, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI), 188300 Gatchina, Russia  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 515 Issue 1/2, p266; Subject Term: DRIFT chambers; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intensive irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation,Tungsten; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire swelling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anulli, F.
AU  - Baldini, R.
AU  - Band, H.
AU  - Bionta, R.
AU  - Brau, J.
AU  - Brigljevic, V.
AU  - Buzzo, A.
AU  - Calcaterra, A.
AU  - Carpinelli, M.
AU  - Cartaro, T.
AU  - Cavallo, N.
AU  - Crosetti, G.
AU  - De Nardo, G.
AU  - De Sangro, R.
AU  - Eichenbaum, A.
AU  - Falciai, D.
AU  - Fabozzi, F.
AU  - Ferroni, F.
AU  - Finocchiaro, G.
AU  - Forti, F.
T1  - Performances of RPCs in the BaBar experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 515
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 322
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The BaBar experiment uses a big system based on RPC detectors to discriminate muons from pions and to identify neutral hadrons. About <f>2000 m2</f> of RPC chambers have been working at SLAC since the end of 1998. We report on the performances of the RPC chambers focusing on new problems discovered in the RPC behaviour. These problems started very soon after the installation of the chambers on the detector when the high-ambient temperature triggered an increase of dark currents inside the chambers and a reduction of the efficiency. Careful analysis of the BaBar data and dedicated R&D efforts in the laboratory have helped to identify the main source of the trouble in the linseed oil varnish on the bakelite electrodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - PIONS
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - BaBar
KW  - IFR
KW  - RPCs
N1  - Accession Number: 11425767; Anulli, F. 1 Baldini, R. 1 Band, H. 2 Bionta, R. 3 Brau, J. 4 Brigljevic, V. 3 Buzzo, A. 5 Calcaterra, A. 1 Carpinelli, M. 6 Cartaro, T. 7 Cavallo, N. 7 Crosetti, G. 5 De Nardo, G. 7 De Sangro, R. 1 Eichenbaum, A. 2 Falciai, D. 1 Fabozzi, F. 7 Ferroni, F. 8 Finocchiaro, G. 1 Forti, F. 6; Affiliation:  1: Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy  2: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA  5: Università di Genova, Dip. di Fisica and INFN, I-16146 Genova, Italy  6: Università di Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore and INFN, I-56010 Pisa, Italy  7: Università di Napoli Federico II, Dip. di Scienze Fisiche and INFN, I-80126 Napoli, Italy  8: Università di Roma La Sapienza, Dip. di Fisica and INFN, I-00185 Roma, Italy; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 515 Issue 1/2, p322; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: BaBar; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFR; Author-Supplied Keyword: RPCs; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R.B.
AU  - Loda, G.
AU  - Miller, R.C.
AU  - Smith, R.
AU  - Shimer, D.
AU  - Seidt, C.
AU  - MacArt, M.
AU  - Mohr, H.
AU  - Robison, G.
AU  - Creely, P.
AU  - Bautista, J.
AU  - Oliva, T.
AU  - Young, L.M.
AU  - DuBois, D.
T1  - A high-power electron linear accelerator for food irradiation applications
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 211
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 562
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The design and testing of a new microwave linac system is described. For electron beam kinetic energies in the range of 5–10 MeV, the average beam power capability exceeds 100 kW. A 5-MeV structure, consisting of 6.5 accelerating cells and six coupling cells, has been constructed and tested using a new inductive store/IGCT-switched modulator. This linac system has operated at maximum parameters of 4.7 MeV and 115 kW. It is presently installed and validated for food irradiation usage at the 100 kW level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOOD irradiation
KW  - ION accelerators
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - STOPPING power (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Accelerators
KW  - Food irradiation
KW  - Radiating processing
N1  - Accession Number: 11174657; Miller, R.B. 1; Email Address: bmiller@surebeam.com Loda, G. 1 Miller, R.C. 1 Smith, R. 1 Shimer, D. 1 Seidt, C. 1 MacArt, M. 1 Mohr, H. 1 Robison, G. 1 Creely, P. 1 Bautista, J. 1 Oliva, T. 1 Young, L.M. 2 DuBois, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: SureBeam Corporation, Suite 600, 9276 Scranton Road, San Diego, CA 92121, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Mechanical Design and Analysis, Inc., Park City, UT 84098, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 211 Issue 4, p562; Subject Term: FOOD irradiation; Subject Term: ION accelerators; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: STOPPING power (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiating processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01515-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langanke, K.
AU  - Dean, D.J.
AU  - Nazarewicz, W.
T1  - Shell model Monte Carlo studies of nuclei in the <f>A∼80</f> mass region
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 728
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We perform shell model Monte Carlo calculations for proton-rich Kr, Sr, and Zr isotopes in the mass range <f>A=72</f>–84. We employ a complete <f>1p0f</f>–<f>0g1d2s</f> configuration space and an effective quadrupole-plus-pairing residual interaction. Our calculation reproduces the large <f>B(E2)</f> values observed in these nuclei. We relate these values to the gain in correlation energy obtained by moving nucleons across the <f>N=40</f> subshell closure into <f>g9/2</f> orbitals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - HEAVY metals
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - HEAVY nuclei
N1  - Accession Number: 11042601; Langanke, K. 1,2; Email Address: langanke@phys.au.dk Dean, D.J. 2 Nazarewicz, W. 2,3,4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  4: Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Hoża 69, PL-00-681 Warsaw, Poland; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 728 Issue 1/2, p109; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: HEAVY metals; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: HEAVY nuclei; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.08.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schäfer, T.
T1  - Hard loops, soft loops, and high density effective field theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 728
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We study several issues related to the use of effective field theories in QCD at large baryon density. We show that the power counting is complicated by the appearance of two scales inside loop integrals. Hard dense loops involve the large scale <f>μ2</f> and lead to phenomena such as screening and damping at the scale <f>gμ</f>. Soft loops only involve small scales and lead to superfluidity and non-Fermi liquid behavior at exponentially small scales. Four-fermion operators in the effective theory are suppressed by powers of <f>1/μ</f>, but they get enhanced by hard loops. As a consequence their contribution to the pairing gap is only suppressed by powers of the coupling constant, and not powers of <f>1/μ</f>. We determine the coefficients of four-fermion operators in the effective theory by matching quark–quark scattering amplitudes. Finally, we introduce a perturbative scheme for computing corrections to the gap parameter in the superfluid phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - INTEGRALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11042609; Schäfer, T. 1,2; Email Address: thomas.schaefer@sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 17695, USA  2: Riken-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 728 Issue 1/2, p251; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: INTEGRALS; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.08.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milonni, Peter W.
AU  - Maclay, G. Jordan
T1  - Quantized-field description of light in negative-index media
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 228
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 00304018
AB  - Using a quantized-field approach, we show how radiative recoil, the Doppler effect, and spontaneous and stimulated radiation rates are affected when the radiator is embedded in a host medium having a negative index of refraction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - REFRACTION (Optics)
KW  - Field quantization in dielectrics
KW  - Negative refraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11322064; Milonni, Peter W. 1; Email Address: pwm@lanl.gov Maclay, G. Jordan 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (T-DOT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Quantum Fields LLC, 20876 Wildflower Lane, Richland Center, WI 53581, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 228 Issue 1-3, p161; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: REFRACTION (Optics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Field quantization in dielectrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative refraction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optcom.2003.09.080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ben-Naim, E.
AU  - Krapivsky, P.L.
AU  - Vazquez, F.
AU  - Redner, S.
T1  - Unity and discord in opinion dynamics
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 330
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 03784371
AB  - We study opinion dynamics models where agents evolve via repeated pairwise interactions. In the compromise model, agents with sufficiently close real-valued opinions average their opinions. A steady state is reached with a finite number of isolated, noninteracting opinion clusters (“parties”). As the initial opinion range increases, the number of such parties undergoes a periodic bifurcation sequence, with alternating major and minor parties. In the constrained voter model, there are leftists, centrists, and rightists. A centrist and an extremist can both become centrists or extremists in an interaction, while leftists and rightists do not affect each other. The final state is either consensus or a frozen population of leftists and rightists. The evolution in one dimension is mapped onto a constrained spin-1 Ising chain with zero-temperature Glauber kinetics. The approach to the final state exhibits a nonuniversal long-time tail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PUBLIC opinion
KW  - BIFURCATION theory
KW  - MODULES (Algebra)
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - Bifurcations
KW  - Glauber kinetics
KW  - Opinion dynamics
KW  - Voter model
N1  - Accession Number: 11537153; Ben-Naim, E. 1 Krapivsky, P.L. 2,3 Vazquez, F. 1 Redner, S. 2,3; Email Address: redner@bu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, Center for BioDynamics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  3: Center for Polymer Studies, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 330 Issue 1/2, p99; Subject Term: PUBLIC opinion; Subject Term: BIFURCATION theory; Subject Term: MODULES (Algebra); Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bifurcations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glauber kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Opinion dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voter model; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2003.08.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siegal, M.P.
AU  - Dawley, J.T.
AU  - Clem, P.G.
AU  - Overmyer, D.L.
T1  - Improving chemical solution deposited YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> film properties via high heating rates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 399
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The superconducting and structural properties of YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> (YBCO) films grown from chemical solution deposited (CSD) metallofluoride-based precursors improve by using high heating rates to the desired growth temperature. This is due to avoiding the nucleation of undesirable <f>a</f>-axis grains at lower temperatures, from 650 to 800 °C in <f>p</f>(O2)=0.1%. Minimizing time spent in this range during the temperature ramp of the ex situ growth process depresses <f>a</f>-axis grain growth in favor of the desired <f>c</f>-axis orientation. Using optimized conditions, this results in high-quality YBCO films on LaAlO3(1 0 0) with <f>Jc</f>(77 K) ∼ 3 MA/cm2 for films thicknesses ranging from 60 to 140 nm. In particular, there is a dramatic decrease in <f>a</f>-axis grains in coated-conductors grown on CSD Nb-doped SrTiO3(1 0 0) buffered Ni(1 0 0) tapes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YTTRIUM
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - THICK films
N1  - Accession Number: 11322076; Siegal, M.P.; Email Address: mpsiega@sandia.gov Dawley, J.T. 1 Clem, P.G. 1 Overmyer, D.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, M.S. 1421, Albuquerque, NM 87145-1421, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 399 Issue 3/4, p143; Subject Term: YTTRIUM; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: THICK films; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01304-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Bhattacharya, Raghu N.
T1  - Growth of 1–2 μm thick biaxially textured Bi-2212 films on (1 0 0) LaAlO3 single crystal substrates by electrodeposition
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 399
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 09214534
AB  - High quality Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox (Bi-2212) films with thickness around 1–2 μm have been grown on (1 0 0) LaAlO3 single crystal substrates using an electrodeposition technique, followed by a melt quench and annealing process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the final films indicated that the films were almost pure biaxially textured Bi-2212 films. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of omega and phi scans were about 1.7° and 1.1°, respectively. In magnetization measurements, <f>Tc</f> of 79 K and <f>Jc</f> of 0.58 MA/cm2 (4.2 K, 0 T) and 44 kA/cm2 (50 K, 0 T) were observed. The mechanism of the convention of Bi-2201 phase to Bi-2212 phase during the annealing process was discussed, the length scale for the current flow in Bi-2212 film was calculated from the differential susceptibility <f>dm/dH</f> during re-penetration of magnetic field, and the residual stress in the films were estimated from XRD <f>θ</f>–2<f>θ</f> scans. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THICK films
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox
KW  - Critical current density
KW  - Melt process
N1  - Accession Number: 11322080; Chen, Jun; Email Address: jun_chen@nrel.gov Bhattacharya, Raghu N. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 399 Issue 3/4, p171; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melt process; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01309-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11322080&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson, Arne P.
T1  - Reverse-Engineering the Vacuum: The Proton, the Neutron, and π0.
JO  - Physics Essays
JF  - Physics Essays
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 504
EP  - 529
PB  - Physics Essays Publication
SN  - 08361398
AB  - Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is extended to apply to three massless fields from which the internal components of the proton, neutron, and φ0 are determined. The magnetic moment and charge radius of the proton and neutron are derived. The predicted proton magnetic moment is µp = {4 α[1 - {me/(mpw)}²]1/2 /3w} µN = 2.792 705 µN, where µN is the nuclear magneton and α = 1/137.035 999 76 is the fine-structure constant. The fraction of the proton's mass that is electromagnetic is w = 1 - [2 √3 ][ln (4/3)] = 0.003 440 07 or 3.2277 MeV, and me/mp is the electron/ proton mass ratio. This magnetic moment prediction is remarkably accurate: 0.0051% error versus measurement. The proton's predicted charge radius is 0.892 249 fm, in excellent agreement with experiment. The neutron's predicted magnetic moment is -1.913 036 7 µN, versus -1.913 042 7 ± 0.000 000 5µN measured. The neutron's predicted mean square charge radius is -0.110 40 fm², versus ( -0.1161 ± 0.0022) fm² measured. The neutron's predicted magnetic moment weighted radius is 0.825 23 fm, versus (0.83 ± 0.02) fm measured. The model predicts m(φ0) = (1/2)mp ln (4/3)[1 + 2 α²] = (134.976 390 ± 0.000 005) MeV, versus (134.9766 ± 0.0006) MeV measured. The proton is predicted to be stable, while the free neutron is not able to achieve hydrodynamic stability. A physical explanation for the origin of mass is obtained. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Le principe d'incertitude d'Heisenberg est appliqué à trois champs sans masses desquels les composantes internes du proton, du neutron, et du φ0 sont déterminées. Les moments magnétiques et les rayons de charge du proton et du neutron sont dérivés. Le moment magnétique du proton est µp = 4 α[1 - {me/(mpw)}²]1/2 /(3w) mN = 2,792 705 µN d'où µN est le magnéton nucléaire et α = 1/137,035 999 76 est le constant de la structure fine. La fraction électromagnétique de la masse du proton est w = 1 - [2 √3 ][ln (4/3)] = 0,003 440 07 ou 3,2277 MeV, et me/mp est le rapport des masses de l'électron et du proton. Cette prédiction du moment magnétique est remarquablement précise puisque l'erreur n'est que de 0,0051% relatif à la valeur expérimentale. La valeur prédite du rayon de charge du proton est 0,892 249 fm, en accord avec la valeur expérimentale. La valeur du moment magnétique du neutron est -1,913 036 7 µN comparé à la valeur expérimentale de -1,9130427 ± 0,000 000 5 µN. La valeur quadratique moyenne du rayon de charge du neutron est -0,110 40 fm², comparé à la valeur mesurée de (-0,1161 ± 0,0022) fm². La valeur moyenne du rayon du neutron pondérée par son moment magnétique est 0,825 23 fm, comparé à la valeur mesurée de (0,83 ± 0,02) fm. Le modèle prédit que m(φ0 ) = (1/2)mp ln(4/3)[1 +2 α²] = (134,976 390 ± 0,000 005) MeV, comparé à la valeur mesurée de (134,9766 ± 0,0006) MeV. Le modèle prédit que le proton est stable alors que le neutron libre est incapable de réaliser une stabilité hydrodynamique. Une explication physique pour l'origine de la masse est obtenue. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Essays is the property of Physics Essays Publication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEISENBERG uncertainty principle
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - magnetic moments
KW  - origin of mass
KW  - proton and neutron structure
KW  - quantum clocks
KW  - quantum vortices
KW  - uncertainty principle
KW  - vacuum fields
N1  - Accession Number: 17542457; Olson, Arne P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Mail Stop NE-362, 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne, IL 60439 U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p504; Subject Term: HEISENBERG uncertainty principle; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic moments; Author-Supplied Keyword: origin of mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton and neutron structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantum clocks; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantum vortices; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty principle; Author-Supplied Keyword: vacuum fields; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 7 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.
AU  - Bimbot, L.
AU  - Danagoulian, S.
AU  - Gustafsson, K.
AU  - Mack, D.
AU  - Mkrtchyan, H.
AU  - Rekalo, M.P.
T1  - Observation of Coherent π[sup 0] Electroproduction on Deuterons at Large Momentum Transfer.
JO  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
JF  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 66
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2159
EP  - 2168
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637788
AB  - The first experimental results for the coherent π[sup 0] electroproduction on a deuteron, e + d → e + d + π[sup 0], at large momentum transfer, are reported. The experiment was performed at Jefferson Laboratory at an incident electron energy of 4.05 GeV. A large pion production yield has been observed in the kinematical region 1.1 < Q[sup 2] < 1.8 GeV[sup 2], from the threshold to 200-MeV excitation energy in the dπ[sup 0] system. The Q[sup 2] dependence is compared with theoretical predictions.© 2003 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Atomic Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERONS
KW  - MOMENTUM transfer
KW  - PIONS
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11714909; Tomasi-Gustafsson, E. 1,2 Bimbot, L. 3 Danagoulian, S. 4,5 Gustafsson, K. 6 Mack, D. 5 Mkrtchyan, H. 7 Rekalo, M.P. 1,8,9; Affiliation:  1: LNS-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France  2: DAPNIA/SPhN, CEA/Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France  3: IPNO, IN2P3, BP 1, Orsay, France  4: North Carolina State University, Greensboro, NC, USA  5: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, USA  6: Helsinki Institute of Physics,University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland  7: Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia  8: Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey  9: National Science Center: KFTI, Kharlov, Ukraine; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 66 Issue 12, p2159; Subject Term: DEUTERONS; Subject Term: MOMENTUM transfer; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1634323
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hudson, S. R.
AU  - Hegna, C. C.
T1  - Marginal stability boundaries for infinite-n ballooning modes in a quasiaxisymmetric stellarator.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4716
EP  - 4727
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A method for computing the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability boundaries in three-dimensional equilibria is employed. Following Hegna and Nakajima [Phys. Plasmas 5, 1336 (1998)], a two-dimensional family of equilibria is constructed by perturbing the pressure and rotational-transform profiles in the vicinity of a flux surface for a given stellarator equilibrium. The perturbations are constrained to preserve the MHD equilibrium condition. For each perturbed equilibrium, the infinite-n ballooning stability is calculated. Marginal stability diagrams are thus constructed that are analogous to (s,α) diagrams for axisymmetric configurations. A quasiaxisymmetric stellarator is considered. Calculations of stability boundaries generally show regions of instability can occur for either sign of the average magnetic shear. Additionally, regions of second-stability are present. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 11462885; Hudson, S. R. 1 Hegna, C. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  2: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 10 Issue 12, p4716; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622669
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belikov, V. S.
AU  - Kolesnichenko, Ya. I.
AU  - White, R. B.
T1  - Destabilization of fast magnetoacoustic waves by circulating energetic ions in toroidal plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4771
EP  - 4775
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - An instability of fast magnetoacoustic waves driven by circulating energetic ions in axisymmetric toroidal plasmas and characterized by frequencies below the ion gyrofrequency is considered. An important role of the l=0 resonance (l is the number of a cyclotron harmonic) in the wave–particle interaction is revealed: It is shown that this resonance considerably extends an unstable region in the space of the pitch-angles of the energetic ions and the wave frequencies. The analysis is carried out for a “slow” instability, which has the growth rate less than the bounce frequency of the energetic ions. Specific examples relevant to the National Spherical Torus Experiment [Spitzer et al., Fusion Technol. 30, 1337 (1996)], where instabilities of this kind were observed, are considered. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - IONS
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 11462879; Belikov, V. S. 1 Kolesnichenko, Ya. I. 1 White, R. B. 2; Email Address: rwhite@pppl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Rsearch, Prospekt Nauky 47, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 10 Issue 12, p4771; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1625375
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanford, T. W. L.
AU  - Mock, R. C.
AU  - Slutz, S. A.
AU  - Peterson, D. L.
T1  - Length scaling of dynamic-hohlraum axial radiation.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4790
EP  - 4799
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Radiation generated within a 10-mm-long foam-target DH (dynamic hohlraum) is used for high-temperature (>200 eV) radiation-flow and inertial-confinement-fusion studies [Sanford et al., Phys. Plasmas 9, 3573 (2002)]. The length of this DH is varied from 5 to 20 mm, keeping the mass/unit length constant in an effort to study the scaling of axial radiation power with length, and better understand its production. Measurements show a greater variation in this power with length than would be expected from simple arguments [Slutz et al., Phys. Plasmas 8, 1673 (2001)]. Maximum axial power of ∼10 TW is produced with a length of ∼7.5 mm, similar to the typical power for the baseline 10 mm DH. The decreasing axial power (at a rate of ∼0.65 TW per mm at longer lengths) is bounded by radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations [Peterson et al., Phys. Plasmas 6, 2178 (1999)] that include the development of the magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor instability in the r–z plane. The dramatic drop in axial power below 7.5 mm, by contrast, was unanticipated. This decrease suggests the presence of differing mechanisms for limiting power at short and long lengths. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 11462876; Sanford, T. W. L. 1; Email Address: twsanfo@sandia.gov Mock, R. C. 1 Slutz, S. A. 1 Peterson, D. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 10 Issue 12, p4790; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1625938
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balakin, A. A.
AU  - Fraiman, G. M.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
AU  - Malkin, V. M.
T1  - Noise suppression and enhanced focusability in plasma Raman amplifier with multi-frequency pump.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4856
EP  - 4864
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Laser pulse compression–amplification through Raman backscattering in plasmas can be facilitated by using multi-frequency pump laser beams. The efficiency of amplification is increased by suppressing the Raman instability of thermal fluctuations and seed precursors. Also the focusability of the amplified radiation is enhanced due to the suppression of large-scale longitudinal speckles in the pump wave structure. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOISE
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - LASER beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11462869; Balakin, A. A. 1 Fraiman, G. M. 1 Fisch, N. J. 2,3 Malkin, V. M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia 603950  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  3: Department of Astrophysical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 10 Issue 12, p4856; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: LASER beams; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1621002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patel, M.
AU  - Murphy, J.J.
AU  - Skinner, A.R.
AU  - Powell, S.J.
AU  - Smith, P.F.
T1  - Volatile evolution from room temperature cured polysiloxane rubber induced by irradiation with He2+ ions
JO  - Polymer Testing
JF  - Polymer Testing
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 22
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 923
SN  - 01429418
AB  - A room temperature cured polysiloxane rubber (Rhodorsil RTV5370) has been irradiated using an accelerated beam of He2+ ions. Such an irradiation simulates the effects of large alpha radiation doses. A mass spectrometer linked directly to the sample chamber allowed the analysis of volatile species evolved as a result of exposure. The polydimethylsiloxane rubber showed high resistance to radiation damage when exposed to He2+ ions at doses up to 3.5 MGy. At higher doses, the cyclic hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane was evolved and is indicative of damage to the main chain. The cyclic octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane was only observed at very high doses (10 MGy and above) and is indicative of significant head-to-tail unzipping reactions. Methane, benzene and carbon dioxide were the three main gases evolved. The ratio of phenyl (2%) to methyl groups (93%) within RTV5370 rubber is very small but the amount of benzene evolved was found to be significant. The results suggest that the aromatic groups within the rubber appear to have a much greater susceptibility to radiation induced volatile evolution than other groups making up the polymer structure. In addition, the depletion of phenyl groups (from the reduction in evolution of benzene) from the irradiated zone corresponds to an increase in damage of the siloxane linkages (from the increased evolution of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane) suggesting the aromatic groups offer a protective action from the incident radiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Testing is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - RUBBER
KW  - LATEX
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - SILOXANES
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - He2+ ions
KW  - Polysiloxane rubber
KW  - Silicone cyclics
KW  - Volatile evolution
N1  - Accession Number: 11041802; Patel, M. 1; Email Address: mogon.patel@awe.co.uk Murphy, J.J. 1 Skinner, A.R. 1 Powell, S.J. 2 Smith, P.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading RG7 4PR, UK  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 22 Issue 8, p923; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: RUBBER; Subject Term: LATEX; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: SILOXANES; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: He2+ ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polysiloxane rubber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicone cyclics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile evolution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326291 Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0142-9418(03)00041-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ritherdon, J.
AU  - Jones, A. R.
AU  - Wright, I. G.
T1  - Oxidation of mechanically alloyed powders during processing: origins and control.
JO  - Powder Metallurgy
JF  - Powder Metallurgy
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 323
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00325899
AB  - Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and subsequent consolidation are usually subjected to a series of heat treatments during production, typically comprising a degassing process at ≊600°C and a preconsolidation high temperature 'soak' at ≊1000°C, both under vacuum. In the current work, the oxidation behaviour of a prototype ODS Fe[sub 3]Al alloy and a commercial FeCrAl alloy has been studied during simulation of these temperature and pressure regimes. After the high temperature 'soak' simulation, oxidation had taken place on both alloys with a significantly thicker scale forming on the ODS Fe[sub 3]Al. This scale is believed to be the source of much of the high alumina content found in fully consolidated ODS Fe[sub 3]Al. Variation in the amount of particulate alumina found in different batches of commercially consolidated powder is discussed. Novel processes involving hydrogen purging and powder precompaction have been employed to decrease oxidation and thereby increase sintering efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Metallurgy is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISPERSION strengthening
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MECHANICAL alloying
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
KW  - DEGASSING of metals
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - COMPACTING
N1  - Accession Number: 12231004; Ritherdon, J. 1; Email Address: jrith@liv.ac.uk Jones, A. R. 1 Wright, I. G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p319; Subject Term: DISPERSION strengthening; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MECHANICAL alloying; Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; Subject Term: DEGASSING of metals; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: SINTERING; Subject Term: COMPACTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/003258903225008562
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - David L. Young
AU  - James Keane
AU  - Anna Duda
AU  - Jehad A. M. AbuShama
AU  - Craig L. Perkins
AU  - Manuel Romero
AU  - Rommel Noufi
T1  - Improved performance in ZnO/CdS/CuGaSe2 thin-film solar cells (This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.).
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
EP  - 541
SN  - 10627995
AB  - We report the growth and characterization of improved efficiency wide-bandgap ZnO/CdS/CuGaSe2 thin-film solar cells. The CuGaSe2 absorber thickness was intentionally decreased to better match depletion widths indicated by drive-level capacitance profiling data. A total-area efficiency of 9·5% was achieved with a fill factor of 70·8% and a Voc of 910 mV. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Solar energy
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Capacitance meters
N1  - Accession Number: 20650537; David L. Young 1; James Keane 1; Anna Duda 1; Jehad A. M. AbuShama 1; Craig L. Perkins 1; Manuel Romero 1; Rommel Noufi 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Bovlevard., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p535; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Thesaurus Term: Solar energy; Subject Term: Thin films; Subject Term: Capacitance meters; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plummer, E.W.
AU  - Shi, Junren
AU  - Tang, S.-J.
AU  - Rotenberg, Eli
AU  - Kevan, S.D.
T1  - Enhanced electron–phonon coupling at metal surfaces
JO  - Progress in Surface Science
JF  - Progress in Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 1-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 00796816
AB  - Recent advances in experimental techniques and theoretical capabilities associated with the study of surfaces show promise for producing in unprecedented detail a picture of electron–phonon coupling. These investigations on surfaces of relatively simple metals can be the platform for understanding functionality in complex materials associated with the coupling between charge and the lattice. In this article, we present an introduction to electron–phonon coupling, especially in systems with reduced dimensionality, and the recent experimental and theoretical achievements. Then, we try to anticipate the exciting future created by advances in surface physics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Surface Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - METALS
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Angle-resolved photoemission
KW  - Electron–phonon coupling
KW  - Eliashberg function
KW  - Fermi contours
KW  - Helium atom scattering
KW  - Inelastic electron scattering
KW  - Kohn anomaly
KW  - Self-energy
KW  - Surface states
N1  - Accession Number: 11259160; Plummer, E.W. 1,2; Email Address: eplummer@utk.edu Shi, Junren 2 Tang, S.-J. 1 Rotenberg, Eli 3 Kevan, S.D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 947720, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 74 Issue 1-8, p251; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle-resolved photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–phonon coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eliashberg function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi contours; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helium atom scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic electron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kohn anomaly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface states; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.progsurf.2003.08.033
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Russell
AU  - Jordan, Gretchen
AU  - Leiby, Paul N.
AU  - Owens, Brandon
AU  - Wolf, James L.
T1  - Estimating the benefits of government-sponsored energy R&D.
JO  - Research Evaluation
JF  - Research Evaluation
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 195
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 09582029
AB  - A National Research Council (NRC) committee recently conducted a retrospective study of the benefits of some of the energy efficiency and fossil energy programs in the US Department of Energy (US DOE). A subsequent conference discussed ways of adapting and refining the NRC framework for possible use by US DOE offices to help plan and manage their R&D. A framework that emerged from the conference is depicted by a matrix that categorizes different types of benefits. The rows of the matrix reflect the goals of the department, and the columns reflect the timeframe and level of certainty. The conference suggested many approaches for estimating the benefits within each category and also noted many challenges in making these estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Research Evaluation is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - FEDERAL aid to research
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12548819; Lee, Russell 1; Email Address: LeeRM@ornl.gov Jordan, Gretchen 2; Email Address: gbjorda@sandia.gov Leiby, Paul N. 1; Email Address: LeibyPN@ornl.gov Owens, Brandon 3 Wolf, James L.; Email Address: JamesLWolf@Comcast.net; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories; Department 01010, 950 L'Enfant Plaza SW Suite 110, Washington, DC 20024, USA  3: Platts Research & Consulting, 3333 Walnut Street, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p183; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: FEDERAL aid to research; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, S. G.
AU  - J. G. Bak, S. G.
AU  - Jung, Y. S.
AU  - Bitter, M.
AU  - Hill, K. W.
AU  - Hölzer, G.
AU  - Wenhrhan, O.
AU  - Förster, E.
T1  - An efficient method for simultaneous measurement of the integrated reflectivity of crystals in multiple orders of reflection using the bremsstrahlung continuum from an x-ray tube and comparison of experimental results for mica with theoretical calculations
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5046
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - This article describes an efficient method for the simultaneous measurement of the integrated reflectivity of a crystal in multiple orders of reflection at a predefined Bragg angle by using the bremsstrahlung continuum from an x-ray tube in combination with an energy-sensitive detector. The technique is demonstrated with a mica crystal for Bragg angles of 43°, 47°, and 50°. The measured integrated reflectivity for Bragg reflections up to the 24th order is compared with theoretical predictions, which are also presented in this article. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREMSSTRAHLUNG
KW  - X-ray tubes
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11482348; Lee, S. G. 1; Email Address: sglee@kbsi.re.kr J. G. Bak, S. G. 1 Jung, Y. S. 1 Bitter, M. 2 Hill, K. W. 2 Hölzer, G. 3 Wenhrhan, O. 4 Förster, E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Korea basic Science Institute, Yusung, Taejeon 305-333, Korea  2: Princeton Plasma Physics laboratory, Princeton, New jersey 08543  3: X-Fab Semiconductor Foundries AG, Haarbergstrasse 61, 99097 Erfurt, Germany  4: Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 74 Issue 12, p5046; Subject Term: BREMSSTRAHLUNG; Subject Term: X-ray tubes; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1619546
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baker, K. L.
T1  - Curvature wave-front sensors for electron density characterization in plasmas.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5070
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - In this article we examine the use of a curvature wave-front sensor to accurately measure the Laplacian of the line-integrated electron density formed in laser-produced and Z-pinch plasma experiments. Specifically, we propose designs for single shot curvature wave-front sensors capable of quantitatively determining the electron density present in a high density plasma. Wave optics simulations of the proposed designs are presented and are shown to quantitatively reconstruct the phase of a light beam passing through the simulated plasma. A laboratory demonstration of the single shot curvature wave-front sensor is also presented. For this demonstration, a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator is used to introduce a spatially varying phase, thus simulating a phase profile that could occur when a probe passes through a plasma. The phase change measured by the curvature sensor is then computed and shown to accurately reproduce the phase written to the spatial light modulator. Merits associated with the use of a curvature sensor are also discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - LIGHT modulators
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 11482343; Baker, K. L. 1; Email Address: baker7@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 74 Issue 12, p5070; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: LIGHT modulators; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1628822
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solomon, W. M.
AU  - Burrell, K. h.
AU  - Gohil, P.
AU  - Groebner, R.
AU  - Kaplan, D.
T1  - Cross-calibrating spatial positions of light-viewing diagnostics using plasma edge sweeps in DIII-D.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5084
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An experimental technique is presented that permits diagnostics viewing light from the plasma edge to be spatially calibrated relative to one another. By sweeping the plasma edge, each chord of each diagnostic sweeps out a portion of the light emission profile. A nonlinear least-squares fit to such data provides superior cross-calibration of diagnostics located at different toroidal locations compared with simple surveying. Another advantage of the technique is that it can be used to monitor the position of viewing chords during an experimental campaign to ensure that alignment does not change over time. Moverover, should such a change occur, the data can still be cross-calibrated and its usefulness retained. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - TOROIDAL harmonics
KW  - TOKAMAKS
N1  - Accession Number: 11482341; Solomon, W. M. 1; Email Address: wsolomon@pppl.gov Burrell, K. h. 2 Gohil, P. 2 Groebner, R. 2 Kaplan, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  2: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 74 Issue 12, p5084; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: TOROIDAL harmonics; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1623622
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mastrovito, D.
AU  - Maingi, R.
AU  - Kugel, H. W.
AU  - Roquemore, A. L.
T1  - Infrared camera diagnostic for heat flux measurements on the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5090
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An infrared imaging system has been installed on the National Spherical Torus Experiment at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory to measure the surface temperatures on the lower divertor and center stack. The imaging system is based on an Indigo Alpha 160×128 microbolometer camera with 12 bits/pixel operating in the 7–13 μm range with a 30 Hz frame rate and a dynamic temperature range of 0–700 °C. From these data and knowledge of graphite thermal properties, the heat flux is derived with a classic one-dimensional conduction model. Preliminary results of heat flux scaling are reported. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED imaging
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - PRINCETON (N.J.)
KW  - NEW Jersey
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11482340; Mastrovito, D. 1; Email Address: dmastrovito@pppl.gov Maingi, R. 2 Kugel, H. W. 3 Roquemore, A. L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  2: Oak Ridge National Physics Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennesse 37831  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory,Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 74 Issue 12, p5090; Subject Term: INFRARED imaging; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: PRINCETON (N.J.); Subject Term: NEW Jersey; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1623625
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torbert, E.
AU  - Furno, I.
AU  - Intrator, T.
AU  - Hemsing, E.
T1  - A plasma-shielded, miniature Rogowski probe.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 74
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5097
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The design and first results from an electrically isolated and plasma-shielded Rogowski probe, used in the reconnection scaling experiment (RSX), are presented. The probe is designed to withstand extreme thermal shock, plasma corrosion, and be vacuum sanitary, which is accomplished with a machinable boron nitride shell. The novel miniature design, with an inner detecting area of 0.79 cm[sup 2], allows accurate position detection of plasma current channels with ≈2 cm radius and to measure local current density profiles. The temporal resolution (<1 μs) is sufficiently high to resolve the dynamic evolution of RSX plasma current channels. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA probes
KW  - BORON nitride
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 11482338; Torbert, E. 1; Email Address: furno@lanl.gov Furno, I. 1 Intrator, T. 1 Hemsing, E. 1; Affiliation:  1: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos national Laboratory, Mail Stop E526, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 74 Issue 12, p5097; Subject Term: PLASMA probes; Subject Term: BORON nitride; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1626010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, C.W.
AU  - Regan, B.C.
AU  - Mickelson, W.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Probing structural phase transitions of crystalline C60 via resistivity measurements of metal film overlayers
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 128
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
SN  - 00381098
AB  - The electrical resistance of thin silver films deposited on C60 crystals shows anomalies near 261, 240, and 100 K. These temperatures coincide, respectively, with the bulk rotational, surface rotational, and quenched disorder structural phase transitions of crystalline C60. Films of other metals on C60 show similar behavior. Our findings demonstrate that thin metal film overlayers are sensitive probes of the structural phase transitions in C60, and also provide evidence for a novel structural-electronic interaction at the metal/C60 interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILVER
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - A. Fullerene
KW  - A. Metal film
KW  - D. Phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 11040970; Chang, C.W. 1,2 Regan, B.C. 1,2 Mickelson, W. 1,2 Ritchie, R.O. 2,3 Zettl, A. 1,2; Email Address: azettl@physics.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 128 Issue 9/10, p359; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Fullerene; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Metal film; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase transition; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.08.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karazhanov, S.Zh.
AU  - Zhang, Yong
AU  - Mascarenhas, A.
AU  - Deb, S.
AU  - Wang, L.-W.
T1  - Oxygen vacancy in cubic WO3 studied by first-principles pseudopotential calculation
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 01672738
AB  - In this work, the oxygen vacancy in WO3 has been studied by an ab initio pseudopotential method within the local density approximation (LDA). It is shown that with the charge state change of the vacancy, a strong lattice relaxation, swing from one to the other side of the un-relaxed position, is found for the nearest W ions, accompanied by large changes in the electronic structure of the vacancy. It is found that an oxygen vacancy in WO3 gives rise to three types of defect states: a donor-like state near the fundamental band gap, derived from the top valence bands, a hyper-deep resonant state in the valence band and a high-lying resonant state in the conduction band, derived from the oxygen 2s bonding and anti-bonding band, respectively. The existence of the donor-like defect state offers a possible explanation for the dependence of the conductivity and the mid-gap absorption on the O deficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNGSTEN oxides
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - 31.15.Ar
KW  - 71.15.Ap
KW  - Ab initio calculations
KW  - ABO3 perovskites
KW  - Defects
KW  - Electrochromism
KW  - LDA
KW  - Non-stoichiometry
KW  - Pseudopotential methods
KW  - Tungsten oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 11537084; Karazhanov, S.Zh. 1 Zhang, Yong 1; Email Address: yong_zhang@nrel.gov Mascarenhas, A. 1 Deb, S. 1 Wang, L.-W. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, p43; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN oxides; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 31.15.Ar; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.Ap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: ABO3 perovskites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromism; Author-Supplied Keyword: LDA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-stoichiometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudopotential methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozkan Zayim, Esra
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Turner, John A.
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Mesoporous sol–gel WO3 thin films via poly(styrene-co-allyl-alcohol) copolymer templates
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 01672738
AB  - In this study a copolymer poly(styrene-co-allyl-alcohol), [–CH2CH(C6H5)–]x[–CH2CH–(CH2OH)–]y has been employed as a novel template in a sol–gel synthesis process to direct the formation of mesoporous tungsten oxide. The copolymer, due to its rigid hydrophobic block of polystyrene, is a more effective surfactant in an alcohol solution than polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide based compounds. The films have been prepared by a spin-coating technique from an ethanol solution of tungsten hexachloride. A room temperature, ultraviolet illumination method has been found to be very suitable for removing the polymer template, leading to the formation of a high-quality mesoporous structure. The electrochromic and optical properties of the mesoporous films are described and compared to standard sol–gel tungsten oxide films. Mesoporous materials exhibit superior high-rate ion-insertion performance when used as electrochromic layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry)
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - Electrochromism
KW  - Insertion kinetics
KW  - Mesoporous tungsten oxide
KW  - Sol–gel processing
KW  - Ultraviolet illumination
N1  - Accession Number: 11537087; Ozkan Zayim, Esra 1 Liu, Ping 2 Lee, Se-Hee 2 Tracy, C. Edwin 2 Turner, John A. Pitts, J. Roland 2 Deb, Satyen K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 80626, Turkey  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, p65; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry); Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insertion kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous tungsten oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultraviolet illumination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11537087&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Cheong, Hyeonsik M.
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Improving the durability of ion insertion materials in a liquid electrolyte
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Electrochromic (EC) devices fabricated with liquid or polymeric gel electrolyte are often less durable than those constructed with inorganic solid-state electrolyte. Long-term degradation of the ion insertion layer (with extensive cycling) by the liquid/gel electrolyte may contribute to this durability problem. In this respect, two V2O5 thin film electrodes were fabricated for extensive cyclic durability testing in a LiClO4/propylene carbonate (PC) liquid electrolyte: One V2O5 film had no overlying coating while the other had a protective thin film of solid lithium ion-conducting LiAlF4. The protected V2O5 exhibited improved durability in terms of constant capacity with repeated cycling up to 800 cycles, while the uncoated V2O5 electrode displayed significant capacity loss. Our results demonstrate that deposition of an inorganic solid electrolyte (LiAlF4) on amorphous V2O5 films serves as a protective overlayer and enhances the long-term cycling efficiency and stability of the V2O5 in a liquid electrolyte. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Cyclic durability
KW  - Electrochromic devices
KW  - Liquid electrolyte
KW  - Polymeric gel electrolyte
KW  - Protective layer
N1  - Accession Number: 11537089; Lee, Se-Hee 1; Email Address: slee@nrel.gov Cheong, Hyeonsik M. 2 Liu, Ping 1 Tracy, C. Edwin 1 Pitts, J. Roland 1 Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Sogang University, Shinsoo-Dong, Seoul, 121-742 South Korea; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, p81; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic durability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromic devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymeric gel electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protective layer; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.058
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11537089&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
T1  - IME-5 guest editor's foreword
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - xi
SN  - 01672738
N1  - Accession Number: 11537078; Pitts, J. Roland 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Basic Sciences Center, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, pxi; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Cheong, Hyeonsik M.
AU  - Seong, Maeng Je
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Mascarenhas, Angelo
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Raman spectroscopic studies of amorphous vanadium oxide thin films
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 01672738
AB  - We report on the microstructural changes of amorphous V2O5 films with lithium intercalation. The Raman spectra of as-deposited films show two broad peaks around at 520 and 650 cm−1, due to the stretching modes of the V3–O and V2–O bonds, respectively, and a relatively sharp peak at 1027 cm−1 due to the V5+&z.dbnd6;O stretching mode of terminal oxygen atoms. In addition, there is a peak at 932 cm−1 that we attribute to the V4+&z.dbnd6;O bonds. Comparison of the Raman spectra of V2O5 films with different oxygen deficiencies confirms this assignment. This Raman peak due to the stretching mode of the V4+&z.dbnd6;O bonds develops and shifts toward lower frequencies with increasing lithium concentration. Comparison to results from gasochromic hydrogen insertion indicates that the 932 cm−1 Raman peak is not a result of vibrations which involve Li or H atoms. We propose that the V4+&z.dbnd6;O bonds are created by two different mechanisms: a direct conversion from V5+&z.dbnd6;O bonds and the breaking of the single oxygen bonds involving V4+ ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CLATHRATE compounds
KW  - Amorphous vanadium oxide
KW  - Gasochromic
KW  - Hydrogen insertion
KW  - Oxygen deficiency
KW  - Raman spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11537093; Lee, Se-Hee 1; Email Address: slee@nrel.gov Cheong, Hyeonsik M. 2 Seong, Maeng Je 1 Liu, Ping 1 Tracy, C. Edwin 1 Mascarenhas, Angelo 1 Pitts, J. Roland 1 Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Basic Sciences, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, South Korea; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, p111; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CLATHRATE compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous vanadium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gasochromic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen insertion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen deficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.022
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Cheong, Hyeonsik M.
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Electrochromism of amorphous ruthenium oxide thin films
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 01672738
AB  - We report on the electrochromic behavior of amorphous ruthenium oxide thin films and their electrochemical characteristics for use as counterelectrodes for electrochromic devices. Hydrous ruthenium oxide thin films were prepared by cyclic voltammetry on ITO coated glass substrates from an aqueous ruthenium chloride solution. The cyclic voltammograms of this material show the capacitive behavior including two redox reaction peaks in each cathodic and anodic scan. The ruthenium oxide thin film electrode exhibits a 50% modulation of optical transmittance at 670 nm wavelength with capacitor charge/discharge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - RUTHENIUM compounds
KW  - THIN films
KW  - VOLTAMMETRY
KW  - Capacitive behavior
KW  - Counter electrode
KW  - Cyclic voltammetry
KW  - Electrochromic
KW  - Ruthenium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 11537107; Lee, Se-Hee 1; Email Address: slee@nrel.gov Liu, Ping 1 Cheong, Hyeonsik M. 2 Tracy, C. Edwin 1 Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Center for Basic Sciences, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Sogang University, Shinsoo-Dong, Seoul 121-742, South Korea; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, p217; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM compounds; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: VOLTAMMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacitive behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Counter electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic voltammetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium oxide; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Lee, Se-Hee
AU  - Tracy, C. Edwin
AU  - Turner, John A.
AU  - Pitts, J. Roland
AU  - Deb, Satyen K.
T1  - Electrochromic and chemochromic performance of mesoporous thin-film vanadium oxide
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Mesoporous vanadium oxide thin films have been deposited electrochemically from a water/ethanol solution of vanadyl sulfate and a nonionic polymer surfactant. Aggregates of the polymer surfactant serve as templates that result in the formation of a mesoporous structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicate the presence of both macroporosity and mesoporosity in the electrodeposited film. Chemochromic behavior of mesoporous vanadium oxide is demonstrated in a palladium/vanadium oxide thin-film device, which colors when exposed to hydrogen gas. A comparison of results with evaporated vanadium oxide reveals that the mesoporous film displays an improved kinetic performance, which is most likely attributable to its highly porous structure. Also, the electrochemical properties have been explored in a lithium-battery configuration. Mesoporous vanadium oxide exhibits a very high lithium storage capacity and greatly enhanced charge–discharge rate. In situ optical measurements show that the film exhibits a multicolor electrochromic effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VANADIUM oxide
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - Chemochromic
KW  - Electrochromic
KW  - Electrodeposition
KW  - Mesoporous
KW  - Vanadium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 11537108; Liu, Ping; Email Address: ping_liu@nrel.gov Lee, Se-Hee 1 Tracy, C. Edwin 1 Turner, John A. 1 Pitts, J. Roland 1 Deb, Satyen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, p223; Subject Term: VANADIUM oxide; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemochromic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.044
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Richardson, Thomas J.
T1  - New electrochromic mirror systems
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Variable reflectance coatings (switchable mirrors) have significant advantages over traditional absorbing devices for radiant energy control in a variety of architectural and aerospace applications due to their large dynamic ranges in both transmission and reflection in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regimes. Although electrochromic and gasochromic metal hydride films have been the primary focus of recent research in this field, other systems merit consideration. Two of these, based on electrochemical conversion of copper to copper oxides and of pnicogens to lithium pnictides are discussed here. Three distinct states are available in the copper system: the highly reflecting metal, the transparent Cu(I) oxide, and the black, highly absorbing Cu(II) oxide. Metallic thin films of elemental antimony and bismuth are reversibly converted to transparent, semiconducting lithium pnictides by cathodic polarization in a nonaqueous lithium electrolyte. Like the metal hydrides, these systems provide substantial modulation of near-infrared transmission and reflection, but have somewhat lower visible reflectance in their mirror states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - Electrochromism
KW  - Switchable mirrors
KW  - Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 11537116; Richardson, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: tjrichardson@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Building Technologies Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS62-203, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, p305; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Switchable mirrors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farangis, B.
AU  - Nachimuthu, P.
AU  - Richardson, T.J.
AU  - Slack, J.L.
AU  - Meyer, B.K.
AU  - Perera, R.C.C.
AU  - Rubin, M.D.
T1  - Structural and electronic properties of magnesium–3D transition metal switchable mirrors
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 165
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
SN  - 01672738
AB  - We have observed reversible mirror-to-transparent state switching in a variety of mixed metal thin films containing magnesium and first-row transition elements including Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, and Ti. The very large changes in both reflectance and transmittance on loading these films with hydrogen are accompanied by significant structural and electronic transformations. The valence states and coordination of metal atoms during hydrogen loading were followed using dynamic in situ transmission-mode X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Time-resolved Mg K-edge and Ni, Co, Mn, and Ti L-edge spectra reflect both reversible and irreversible changes in the metal environments. These spectra are compared to those of reference materials and to predictions from calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - EXAFS
KW  - Hydrogen storage materials
KW  - NEXAFS
KW  - Thin films
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11537117; Farangis, B. 1,2 Nachimuthu, P. 1,3 Richardson, T.J. 1; Email Address: tjrichardson@lbl.gov Slack, J.L. 1 Meyer, B.K. 2 Perera, R.C.C. 1 Rubin, M.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Building Technologies Department, Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS62-203, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: I. Physikalisches Institut der Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 165 Issue 1-4, p309; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: EXAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen storage materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: NEXAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwon, Y.W.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Jellison Jr., G.E.
T1  - Recrystallization and dielectric properties of CaHfOx films on Si
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2149
SN  - 00381101
AB  - The recrystallization and dielectric behavior for amorphous CaHfOx films on Si substrates has been investigated. Upon conventional annealing in air, the CaHfOx films remain amorphous up to an annealing temperature of 800 °C for annealing times of 1 h. This recrystallization temperature is significantly higher than that reported for HfO2 subjected to rapid thermal annealing. Metal–insulator–semiconductor structures with Pt gate electrodes were fabricated with various CaHfOx film thickness for capacitance–voltage and leakage current measurements. From this, the permittivity of CaHfOx was determined, along with interface layer capacitance for films on Si. The enhanced stability against polycrystalline grain growth, along with the thermodynamic stability of both CaO and HfO2 in contact with Si, suggests that CaHfOx may be an attractive gate dielectric for future generation metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - SILICON crystals
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Calcium hafnate
KW  - Capacitance
KW  - Gate dielectric
KW  - Perovskite
N1  - Accession Number: 11110930; Kwon, Y.W. 1 Norton, D.P. 1; Email Address: dnort@mse.ufl.edu Jellison Jr., G.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 106 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 12, p2149; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: SILICON crystals; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium hafnate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacitance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gate dielectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00188-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Heiba, Z.K.
AU  - Sigmund, W.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - Engineered oxide thin films as 100% lattice match buffer layers for YBCO coated conductors
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2171
SN  - 00381101
AB  - One of the most important qualities of buffer layers for RE-BCO coated conductors’ growth is close lattice match with RE-BCO. However, there is no natural material with a 100% lattice match with RE-BCO. In this study mixtures of europium oxide (Eu2O3) and ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3), (Eu<f>1−u</f>Yb<f>u</f>)2O3 (<f>0.0&les;u&les;1.0</f>), were investigated as a candidate buffer layer that could have same lattice parameter as YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f>(YBCO). Because the pseudocubic lattice parameter of Eu2O3 is bigger, and that of Yb2O3 is smaller than lattice parameter of YBCO, and the mixed oxides with appropriate ratio would have same lattice parameter of YBCO. The mixtures were prepared using metal-organic precursor by sol–gel process, and it was found that all mixed samples are single phase, complete solid solutions, and have same crystal system over the whole range of “<f>u</f>”. Lattice parameters of mixed (Eu<f>1−u</f>Yb<f>u</f>)2O3 oxide powders were changed between 10.86831 and 10.42828 A˚ which are lattice parameter of Eu2O3 and Yb2O3, respectively by changing the ratio of Eu/Yb in the mixture. Phase and lattice parameter analysis revealed that pseudocubic lattice parameter of (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 is 3.82 A˚ which is same as the lattice parameter of YBCO. Textured (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 buffer layers were grown on biaxially textured-Ni (1 0 0) substrates. The solution was prepared from Europium and Ytterbium 2,4-pentadioanate, and was deposited on the Ni substrates using a reel-to-reel sol–gel dip coating system. The textured films were annealed at 1150 °C for 10 min under 4% H2–Ar gas flow. Extensive texture analysis has been done to characterize the texture of (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 buffer layers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the buffer layer showed strong out-of-plane orientation on Ni tape. The (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 (2 2 2) pole figure indicated a single cube-on-cube textured structure. The omega and phi scans revealed good out-of-plane and in-plane alignments. The full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) values of omega and Phi scan of (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 films were 6.45° and 7.70°, respectively. ESEM micrographs of the films revealed pinhole-free, crack-free and dense microstructures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - THIN films
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - EUROPIUM
KW  - Buffer layers
KW  - Eu2O3
KW  - Lattice parameter
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - Yb2O3
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 11110934; Akin, Y. 1,2; Email Address: akin@magnet.fsu.edu Heiba, Z.K. 1 Sigmund, W. 2 Hascicek, Y.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 12, p2171; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: EUROPIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eu2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice parameter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yb2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00192-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, K.
AU  - Kwon, Y.W.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Sales, B.C.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F.
AU  - Cantoni, C.
AU  - Marken, K.
T1  - Epitaxial (La,Sr)TiO3 as a conductive buffer for high temperature superconducting coated conductors
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2177
SN  - 00381101
AB  - The transport and structural properties of (La,Sr)TiO3 epitaxial thin films grown by pulsed-laser deposition is presented. In particular, the potential use of (La,Sr)TiO3 as a conductive buffer layer for subsequent growth of high temperature superconducting films for coated conductors is discussed. Van der Pauw measurements of film resistivity as a function oxidation conditions show that, for undoped LaTiO3 films, the resistivity increases rapidly as background oxygen pressure is increased, which is consistent with the formation of the LaTiO3+x phase. Sr doping of LaTiO3 significantly enhances the conductivity of thin film materials when synthesized under oxidizing conditions. The transport behavior for Sr-doped LaTiO3 films correlates with structural data showing no significant shift in lattice spacing as oxygen partial pressure is increased during film growth. In addition, the epitaxial growth of (La,Sr)TiO3 on biaxially textured Ni alloy tapes is demonstrated. These results suggest that (La,Sr)TiO3 is a viable candidate as a conducting buffer for superconducting film growth on biaxially textured metal tapes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - Buffer layers
KW  - Coated conductors
KW  - Epitaxial films
KW  - Wires
N1  - Accession Number: 11110935; Kim, K. 1 Kwon, Y.W. 1 Norton, D.P. 1; Email Address: dnort@mse.ufl.edu Christen, D.K. 2 Budai, J.D. 2 Sales, B.C. 2 Chisholm, M.F. 2 Cantoni, C. 2 Marken, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Oxford Superconducting Technology, 600 Milik street, Carteret, NJ 07008, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 12, p2177; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxial films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wires; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00193-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ivill, M.
AU  - Overberg, M.E.
AU  - Abernathy, C.R.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Hebard, A.F.
AU  - Theodoropoulou, N.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
T1  - Properties of Mn-doped Cu2O semiconducting thin films grown by pulsed-laser deposition
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2215
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Semiconducting oxides offer the potential for exploring and understanding spin-based functionality in a semiconducting host material. Theoretical predictions suggest that carrier-mediated ferromagnetism should be favored for p-type material. Cu2O is a p-type, direct wide bandgap oxide semiconductor that may hold interest in exploring spin behavior. In this paper, the properties of Mn-doped Cu2O are described. Activities focused on understanding Mn incorporation during thin-film synthesis, as well as magnetic characterization. The epitaxial films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition. X-ray diffraction was used to determine film crystallinity and to address the formation of secondary phases. SQUID magnetometry was employed to characterize the magnetic properties. Ferromagnetism is observed in selected Mn-doped Cu2O films, but appears to be associated with Mn3O4 secondary phases. In phase-pure Mn-doped Cu2O films, no evidence for ferromagnetism is observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
N1  - Accession Number: 11110942; Ivill, M. 1; Email Address: mivil@mse.ufl.edu Overberg, M.E. 1 Abernathy, C.R. 1 Norton, D.P. 1 Hebard, A.F. 2 Theodoropoulou, N. 2 Budai, J.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8440, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8440, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 12, p2215; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00200-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, J.S.
AU  - Khim, Z.G.
AU  - Park, Y.D.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Theodoropoulou, N.A.
AU  - Hebard, A.F.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
AU  - Wilson, R.G.
T1  - Magnetic properties of Co- and Mn-implanted BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and KTaO3
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2225
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Implantation of Co or Mn into single-crystal BaTiO3(K), SrTiO3 or KTaO3(Ca), followed by annealing at 700 °C, produced ferromagnetic behavior over a broad range of transition metal concentrations. For BaTiO3, both Co and Mn implantation produced magnetic ordering temperatures near 300 K with coercivities &les;70 Oe. The <f>M</f>–<f>T</f> plots showed either a near-linear decrease of magnetization with increasing temperature for Co and a non-Brillouin shaped curve for Mn. No secondary phases were detected by high-resolution X-ray diffraction. The same basic trends were observed for both SrTiO3 and KTaO3, with the exception that at high Mn concentrations (∼5 at.%) the SrTiO3 was no longer ferromagnetic. Our results are consistent with recent reports of room temperature ferromagnetism in other perovskite systems (e.g. LaBaMnO3) and theoretical predictions for transition metal doping of BaTiO3 [Nakayama et al., Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 40 (2001) L1355]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COBALT
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
N1  - Accession Number: 11110944; Lee, J.S. 1 Khim, Z.G. 1 Park, Y.D. 1 Norton, D.P. 2; Email Address: dnort@mse.ufl.edu Theodoropoulou, N.A. 3 Hebard, A.F. 3 Budai, J.D. 4 Boatner, L.A. 4 Pearton, S.J. 2 Wilson, R.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Consultant, Stevenson Ranch, CA 91381, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 12, p2225; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00202-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Varela, Maria
AU  - Lupini, Andrew R.
AU  - Pennycook, Stephen J.
AU  - Sefrioui, Zouhair
AU  - Santamaria, Jacobo
T1  - Nanoscale analysis of YBa2Cu3O7−x/La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 interfaces
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2245
SN  - 00381101
AB  - The structure of interfaces in superconducting/ferromagnetic YBa2Cu3O7−x/La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 superlattices has been analyzed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and high spatial resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy. Individual layers are flat over long lateral distances. The interfaces are coherent, free of defects, exhibiting no roughness, and are located at the BaO plane of the superconductor. Concerning chemical disorder, EELS measurements show the absence of measurable chemical interdiffusion within experimental error bars. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - High <f>Tc</f> superconductivity
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Manganites
KW  - Superlattices
N1  - Accession Number: 11110947; Varela, Maria 1; Email Address: mvarela@ornl.gov Lupini, Andrew R. 1 Pennycook, Stephen J. 1 Sefrioui, Zouhair 2 Santamaria, Jacobo 2; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6031, USA  2: GFMC, Dpto. Física Aplicada III, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 12, p2245; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: High <f>Tc</f> superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superlattices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00205-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heo, Y.W.
AU  - Kaufman, M.
AU  - Pruessner, K.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F.
AU  - Fleming, P.H.
T1  - Optical properties of Zn1−xMgxO nanorods using catalysis-driven molecular beam epitaxy
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2269
SN  - 00381101
AB  - We report on the optical properties of (Zn,Mg)O nanorods grown by catalyst-driven molecular beam epitaxy. The process is site-specific, as single crystal (Zn,Mg)O nanorod growth is realized via nucleation on Ag films or islands that are deposited on a SiO2-terminated Si substrate surface. Growth occurs within a flux of Zn, Mg, and O2/O3 mixture at substrate temperatures of 400–500 °C. With the addition of Mg, the nanorod morphology becomes more uniform relative to the pure ZnO nanomaterials synthesized under similar conditions. The (Zn,Mg)O nanorods are cylindrical, exhibiting diameters of 15–40 nm and lengths in excess of 1 μm. The (Zn,Mg)O nanorods exhibit a strong photoluminescence response, showing a slight shift to shorter wavelengths due to Mg incorporation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - ORGANOMAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - Nanorods
KW  - Photoluminescence
KW  - ZnMgO
N1  - Accession Number: 11110951; Heo, Y.W. 1; Email Address: ywheo@mse.ufl.edu Kaufman, M. 1 Pruessner, K. 1 Norton, D.P. 1 Ren, F. 2 Chisholm, M.F. 3 Fleming, P.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116400, Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32606, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32606, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 12, p2269; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: ORGANOMAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanorods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnMgO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00209-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeong, B.-S.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
T1  - Conductivity in transparent anatase TiO2 films epitaxially grown by reactive sputtering deposition
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2275
SN  - 00381101
AB  - The synthesis of semiconducting TiO2 thin films deposited by reactive sputtering is discussed. In particular, defect doping of the anatase polymorph that is epitaxial stabilized on (0 0 1) LaAlO3 was explored using either oxygen or water vapor as the oxidizing species. For films grown in oxygen, a transition from insulating to metallic conductivity of the films is observed as the O2 pressure is reduced. X-ray diffraction measurements show the presence of the Ti<f>n</f>O<f>2n−1</f> phase when the oxygen pressure is reduced sufficiently to induce conductive behavior. Hall measurements indicate that these materials are p-type. In contrast, the use of water vapor as the oxidizing species enabled the formation of n-type semiconducting TiO2 with carrier density on the order of 1018 cm−3 and mobility of 10–15 cm2/V s. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR films
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - POLYMORPHISM (Crystallography)
N1  - Accession Number: 11110952; Jeong, B.-S. 1; Email Address: bsjeong@ufl.edu Norton, D.P. 1 Budai, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 106 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 47 Issue 12, p2275; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR films; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: POLYMORPHISM (Crystallography); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00210-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guadagnini, A.
AU  - Guadagnini, L.
AU  - Tartakovsky, D. M.
AU  - Winter, C. L.
T1  - Random domain decomposition for flow in heterogeneous stratified aquifers.
JO  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
JF  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 394
EP  - 407
SN  - 14363240
AB  - We study two-dimensional flow in a layered heterogeneous medium composed of two materials whose hydraulic properties and spatial distribution are known statistically but are otherwise uncertain. Our analysis relies on the composite media theory, which employs random domain decomposition in the context of groundwater flow moment equations to explicitly account for the separate effects of material and geometric uncertainty on ensemble moments of head and flux. Flow parallel and perpendicular to the layering in a two-material composite layered medium is considered. The hydraulic conductivity of each material is log-normally distributed with a much higher mean in one material than in the other. The hydraulic conductivities of points within different materials are uncorrelated. The location of the internal boundary between the two contrasting materials is random and normally distributed with given mean and variance. We solve the equations for (ensemble) moments of hydraulic head and flux and analyze the impact of unknown geometry of materials on statistical moments of head and flux. We compare the composite media approach to approximations that replace statistically inhomogeneous conductivity fields with pseudo-homogeneous random fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - GROUNDWATER flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - Domain decomposition
KW  - Layered aquifers
KW  - Moment equations
KW  - Random media
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 17019513; Guadagnini, A. 1; Email Address: alberto.guadagnini@polimi.it Guadagnini, L. 1 Tartakovsky, D. M. 2 Winter, C. L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento Ingegneria Idraulica, Ambientale, Infrastrutture Viarie,Rilevamento (D.I.I.A.R.), Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milano, Italy  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA  3: National Center for Atmospheric Research, 1850 Table Mesa Drive, 80305, Boulder, CO, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p394; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered aquifers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moment equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00477-003-0157-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lichtner, P. C.
AU  - Tartakovsky, D. M.
T1  - Stochastic analysis of effective rate constant for heterogeneous reactions.
JO  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
JF  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 429
SN  - 14363240
AB  - A probability density function (pdf) formulation is applied to a heterogeneous chemical reaction involving an aqueous solution reacting with a solid phase in a batch. This system is described by a stochastic differential equation with multiplicative noise. Both linear and nonlinear kinetic rate laws are considered. An effective rate constant for the mean field approximation describing the change in mean concentration with time is derived. The effective rate constant decreases with increasing time eventually approaching zero as the system approaches equilibrium. This behavior suggests that a possible explanation for the observed discrepancy between laboratory measured rate constants on uniform grain sizes and field measurements may in part be caused by the heterogeneous distribution of grain sizes in natural systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - STOCHASTIC differential equations
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - Probability density function
KW  - Random
KW  - Reactive transport
N1  - Accession Number: 17019511; Lichtner, P. C. 1 Tartakovsky, D. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, 87545, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p419; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC differential equations; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability density function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00477-003-0163-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sondermann, Holger
AU  - Soisson, Stephen M.
AU  - Bar-Sagi, Dafna
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Tandem Histone Folds in the Structure of the N-Terminal Segment of the Ras Activator Son of Sevenless
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1583
SN  - 09692126
AB  - The Ras activator Son of Sevenless (Sos) contains a Cdc25 homology domain, responsible for nucleotide exchange, as well as Dbl/Pleckstrin homology (DH/PH) domains. We have determined the crystal structure of the N-terminal segment of human Sos1 (residues 1–191) and show that it contains two tandem histone folds. While the N-terminal domain is monomeric in solution, its structure is surprisingly similar to that of histone dimers, with both subunits of the histone “dimer” being part of the same peptide chain. One histone fold corresponds to the region of Sos that is clearly similar in sequence to histones (residues 91–191), whereas the other is formed by residues in Sos (1–90) that are unrelated in sequence to histones. Residues that form a contiguous patch on the surface of the histone domain of Sos are conserved from C. elegans to humans, suggesting a potential role for this domain in protein-protein interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HISTONES
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PROTEIN-protein interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11609616; Sondermann, Holger 1 Soisson, Stephen M. 2 Bar-Sagi, Dafna 3 Kuriyan, John 1; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of California and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Laboratories of Molecular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA  3: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 11 Issue 12, p1583; Subject Term: HISTONES; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PROTEIN-protein interactions; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2003.10.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ajayi, O. O.
AU  - Kovalchenko, A.
AU  - Hersberger, J. G.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
AU  - Fenske, G. R.
T1  - Surface Damage and Wear Mechanisms of Amorphous Carbon Coatings under Boundary Lubrication Conditions.
JO  - Surface Engineering
JF  - Surface Engineering
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 453
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 02670844
AB  - A class of amorphous carbon coatings with excellent tribological properties under dry conditions was recently developed at Argonne National Laboratory. In the present study, the performance of three variations of such coatings under the boundary lubrication regime was evaluated, with particular focus on the coating surface damage and mechanical aspect of the wear mechanisms of the coated surfaces. The evaluation employed ball on flat contact geometry in reciprocating sliding motion and three different lubricants. Compared with the uncoated steel surface, the three variations of the coatings evaluated significantly reduced the amount of wear. The surface damage in the coatings consisted primarily of localised crack formation at the local asperity points of contact typical of boundary lubrication regime. The cracks propagated over time, resulting in eventual removal of coating material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BURNISHING
KW  - GRINDING & polishing
KW  - METALS -- Finishing
KW  - CARBON
KW  - LIGHT elements
KW  - CARBON composites
KW  - ELECTRIC light carbons
KW  - GRAPHITE
N1  - Accession Number: 12231199; Ajayi, O. O. 1; Email Address: ajayi@anl.gov Kovalchenko, A. 1 Hersberger, J. G. 1 Erdemir, A. 1 Fenske, G. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, 9700 S. Cass ave., Argonne, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p447; Subject Term: BURNISHING; Subject Term: GRINDING & polishing; Subject Term: METALS -- Finishing; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: LIGHT elements; Subject Term: CARBON composites; Subject Term: ELECTRIC light carbons; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332813 Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing, and Coloring; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/026708403225010181
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Braun, Arthur
T1  - CONVERSION OF THICKNESS DATA OF THIN FILMS WITH VARIABLE LATTICE PARAMETER FROM MONOLAYERS TO ANGSTROMS:: AN APPLICATION OF THE EPITAXIAL BAIN PATH.
JO  - Surface Review & Letters
JF  - Surface Review & Letters
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 889
EP  - 894
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0218625X
AB  - A procedure for the conversion of film thicknesses from monolayers to angstroms is presented. It is applicable to thickness data experimentally obtained from strained epitaxial films and based on the concept of the epitaxial Bain path. In particular, the in-plane lattice spacing of the film, such as that obtained with LEED on wedge-shaped samples, is used to determine the perpendicular lattice spacing, which serves for the conversion into angstroms. Omission of the implications of the Bain path concept would yield erroneous results. This conversion was successfully applied to compare experimental data, (given in monolayers), with data found in the literature (given in angstroms). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Review & Letters is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Bain path
KW  - Film thickness
KW  - variable lattice parameter
N1  - Accession Number: 12430501; Braun, Arthur 1; Email Address: abraun@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technology Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70-108 B, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 10 Issue 6, p889; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bain path; Author-Supplied Keyword: Film thickness; Author-Supplied Keyword: variable lattice parameter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Maozhi
AU  - Evans, J.W.
T1  - Geometry-based simulation (GBS) algorithms for island nucleation and growth during sub-monolayer deposition
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 546
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Versatile geometry-based simulation (GBS) algorithms are developed to describe the formation of two-dimensional islands during sub-monolayer film growth. These GBS algorithms avoid an explicit treatment of the diffusion of deposited atoms across terraces, the process which mediates both island nucleation and growth. Treatment of terrace diffusion is a computationally expensive component of either conventional atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations, or of coarse-grained continuum formulations of island edge evolution. Our GBS approach characterizes island growth in terms of simply constructed “capture zones” surrounding each island, an old concept which was recently refined and made quantitatively precise. However, in addition, GBS implements simple but realistic geometric rules to incorporate crucial spatial aspects of the island nucleation process, specifically nucleation nearby capture zone boundaries. By detailed comparison of predictions of results from GBS with conventional atomistic KMC simulations, we show that this approach correctly predicts island size distributions as well as subtle spatial correlations in island locations. Perhaps, just as importantly, refinement of the prescription of island nucleation is readily achieved in GBS, thus elucidating the effects of this prescription on the resulting island distribution. Finally, we emphasize that GBS is particularly effective for highly reversible island formation where atomistic KMC simulation becomes inefficient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY theories
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Models of non-equilibrium phenomena
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 11321965; Li, Maozhi 1; Email Address: maozhi@scl.ameslab.gov Evans, J.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physical Research and Technology and Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Mathematics and Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 546 Issue 2/3, p127; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY theories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of non-equilibrium phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.09.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoo, K.
AU  - Li, A.-P.
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
AU  - Weitering, H.H.
AU  - Flack, F.
AU  - Lagally, M.G.
AU  - Wendelken, J.F.
T1  - Fabrication of Ge nanoclusters on Si with a buffer layer-assisted growth method
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 546
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - L803
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Size selectable Ge nanoclusters are formed on Si using a buffer layer-assisted growth method. A condensed inert gas layer of xenon, with low surface free energy, was used as a buffer to prevent direct interactions of deposited Ge atoms with Si substrates during Ge nanocluster growth. The scanning tunneling microscope studies indicate absence of a strained wetting layer between Ge nanoclusters. These nanoclusters are substantially smaller and denser than the Ge hut clusters that are formed with the normal Stranski–Krastanov growth mode. The morphology of the nanoclusters can be tuned over a wide range, which is very desirable for studying the three-dimensional confinement effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XENON
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - Clusters
KW  - Evaporation and sublimation
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Growth
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 11321953; Yoo, K. 1 Li, A.-P. 1; Email Address: apli@ornl.gov Zhang, Zhenyu 1,2 Weitering, H.H. 1,2 Flack, F. 3 Lagally, M.G. 3 Wendelken, J.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 3137, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6057, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 546 Issue 2/3, pL803; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaporation and sublimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.09.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newton, Marshall D.
T1  - Electronic coupling in electron transfer and the influence of nuclear modes: theoretical and computational probes.
JO  - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling
JF  - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 110
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 321
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 1432881X
AB  - Long-range electronic coupling of local donor and acceptor sites is formulated in the context of thermal and optical electron transfer and then illustrated with examples based on electronic structure calculations. The relationship of the calculated results to available experimental kinetic and optical data is discussed in detail. The influence of nuclear modes on the magnitude of the coupling (i.e., departures from the Condon approximation) is investigated in terms of both discrete molecular modes and solvent modes, and a general expression is presented for the modulation of the superexchange tunneling gap by motion along the electron transfer reaction coordinate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - Condon approximation
KW  - Electron transfer
KW  - Electronic coupling matrix element
KW  - Reaction Coordinate
KW  - Reorganization energy
N1  - Accession Number: 16984244; Newton, Marshall D. 1; Email Address: newton@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY11973, Upton, USA.; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 110 Issue 5, p307; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condon approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic coupling matrix element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction Coordinate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reorganization energy; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 007/s002 14-003-0504-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen, John
AU  - Schmetz, Edward
AU  - Kawalkin, Gregory J.
AU  - Stiegel, Gary J.
AU  - Noceti, Richard P.
AU  - Winslow, John C.
AU  - Kornosky, Robert M.
AU  - Krastman, Donald
AU  - Venkataraman, Venkat K.
AU  - Driscoll, Daniel J.
AU  - Cicero, Daniel C.
AU  - Haslebacher, William F.
AU  - Hsieh, Benjamin C.B.
AU  - Jain, Suresh C.
AU  - Tennant, Jenny B.
T1  - Commercial Deployment of Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis: The Coproduction Option.
JO  - Topics in Catalysis
JF  - Topics in Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 20
SN  - 10225528
AB  - The US Department of Energy (DOE) has been supporting a program to develop a slurry-phase reactor to be incorporated into an integrated gasification and combined cycle (IGCC) complex to coproduce electricity, fuels, and chemicals. This paper will review the highlights of the research, development, and demonstration activities performed under the program, with emphasis on activities related to the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis and reactor modeling. It will also highlight the results from a DOE/Texaco cosupported study to evaluate the feasibility of an early entrance coproduction plant to demonstrate the integrated operation of a coproduction complex at a commercially scalable unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Topics in Catalysis is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FISCHER-Tropsch process
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - COAL liquefaction
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - coproduction
KW  - early entrance plant
KW  - Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
KW  - reactor modeling
KW  - Slurry-phase reactor
N1  - Accession Number: 16823511; Shen, John 1 Schmetz, Edward 1 Kawalkin, Gregory J. 2 Stiegel, Gary J. 2 Noceti, Richard P. 2 Winslow, John C. 2 Kornosky, Robert M. 2 Krastman, Donald 2 Venkataraman, Venkat K. 3 Driscoll, Daniel J. 3 Cicero, Daniel C. 3 Haslebacher, William F. 3 Hsieh, Benjamin C.B. 3 Jain, Suresh C. 3 Tennant, Jenny B. 3; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy (DOE), Germantown, MD 20874  2: US DOE, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236  3: US DOE, NETL, P.O. Box 880, Morgantown, WV 26505; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 26 Issue 1-4, p13; Subject Term: FISCHER-Tropsch process; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: COAL liquefaction; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: coproduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: early entrance plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fischer–Tropsch synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactor modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slurry-phase reactor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Somorjai, G.A.
AU  - Hwang, K.S.
AU  - Parker, J.S.
T1  - Restructuring of Hydrogenation Metal Catalysts Under the Influence of CO and H2.
JO  - Topics in Catalysis
JF  - Topics in Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 99
SN  - 10225528
AB  - CO and H2 structure and reactivity on single-crystal transition metal surfaces (platinum, rhodium, and palladium) were examined by surface-sensitive techniques including scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and sum frequency generation (SFG) in high-pressure surface science studies. The studies indicated that ordered CO structures not observed in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) can form at high pressure (10-6–103 torr). In addition, CO and H2 induce metal atom mobility and restructure the surface. On platinum, CO dissociates at high temperature (≥ 500 K), and a platinum carbonyl precursor is implicated. Concerning catalytic reactions, structure sensitive CO dissociation plays an important role in the ignition of CO oxidation, whereas CO poisons olefin hydrogenation, which becomes CO desorption limited. Lastly, solid-state hydrogen atoms are more active for hydrogenation than surface hydrogen atoms. These results suggest that spatially and temporally resolved techniques would permit molecular studies of reaction intermediates of CO and H2 in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Topics in Catalysis is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCIENCE interns
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - METAL catalysts
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - hydrogenation
KW  - platinum
KW  - rhodium
N1  - Accession Number: 16823505; Somorjai, G.A. 1 Hwang, K.S. 1 Parker, J.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Division of Materials Science, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 26 Issue 1-4, p87; Subject Term: SCIENCE interns; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: METAL catalysts; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: rhodium; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glass, Robert J.
AU  - Nicholl, Michael J.
AU  - Rajaram, Harihar
AU  - Wood, Thomas R.
T1  - Unsaturated flow through fracture networks: Evolution of liquid phase structure, dynamics, and the critical importance of fracture intersections.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Experiments and analyses are presented to elucidate the critical control of fracture intersections on the evolution and dynamics of the liquid phase structure within unsaturated fracture networks in impermeable media. Phase structure was visualized within a thick vertical sheet of broken glass where the breaks constituted the fracture network. The critical system parameters, applied flow rate (viscous forces) and initial condition, were varied in a series of experiments. When initially dry, individual fracture intersections acted as capillary barriers and created a repeated dynamic from which a network-scale 'slender-ladder' phase structure emerges that is composed of pools above each intersection joined by fingers or 'tendrils' below. At low-flow rates, pulsation is found at intersections, within fingers, and along horizontal fractures. In some cases, pulsation extends to larger volume 'cascade' events where several intersections act in concert. At higher-flow rates, viscous forces remove pulsation. Reinvasion upon drainage demonstrates that when initially wet, the capillary barrier behavior of the individual fracture intersections vanishes and intersections are rapidly spanned. This marked hysteretic response tends to guide flow and cause pathway persistence from one event to the next. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - capillary barrier
KW  - fingering
KW  - fracture intersections
KW  - fractured rock
KW  - hysteresis
KW  - preferential flow
KW  - pulsation
N1  - Accession Number: 87144241; Glass, Robert J. 1; Nicholl, Michael J. 2; Rajaram, Harihar 3; Wood, Thomas R. 4; Affiliations: 1: Flow Visualization and Processes Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories; 2: Mining and Geological Engineering, University of Idaho; 3: Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado; 4: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: fingering; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture intersections; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: hysteresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Guoping
AU  - Sonnenthal, Eric L.
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S.
T1  - Implications of halide leaching on 36Cl studies at Yucca Mountain, Nevada.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Chlorine 36 was generated from nuclear tests in the 1950s and 1960s and has been used to identify fast flow paths at Yucca Mountain, the proposed repository for high-level nuclear waste [ Fabryka-Martin et al., 1997, 1998]. Bomb pulse 36Cl, brought into the subsurface by infiltrating rainwater, presumably resides along fracture surfaces because of the extremely low rock matrix permeability. However, leaching a rock sample to extract this salt inevitably extracts pore water chloride (Cl) and rock matrix chloride, thereby making it difficult to obtain reproducible measurements or detect the specific bomb pulse signatures. Complexities introduced by these sources of older chloride include dilution of bomb pulse 36Cl/Cl ratios for samples from strata with a high Cl concentration, variations in measured ratios as a function of leaching time, rock chip size, and the differing effects of active leaching from those of passive leaching. This work provides both a conceptual model and a mathematical solution for the leaching processes and examines the role of sample leaching in the 36Cl studies of Yucca Mountain rocks. An analytical solution is derived for the diffusion of Cl and 36Cl in composite media (rock matrix and water) to accommodate variable diffusivity. This solution is subsequently used to develop a leaching model that takes into account bomb pulse signal, matrix pore water, and relatively hard to leach components (isolated fluid inclusion and mineral boundary salts). The model is then applied to samples from stratigraphic units at Yucca Mountain to obtain leachate concentrations from different setup methods (protocols), including duration, chip size, and gravitational settling of the water-rock mixture. The model results show that the probability of detecting a 36Cl/Cl bomb pulse signal is severely diminished under longer leaching times and smaller rock fragment sizes and that leaching times of 1 to 10 hours are most likely to be successful in detecting a bomb pulse signal. Bomb pulse 36Cl/Cl ratios are more likely to be observed if pore water Cl concentrations were initially low prior to the introduction of bomb pulse carrying water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - bomb pulse
KW  - chlorine 36
KW  - Cl
KW  - diffusion
KW  - leaching
KW  - porosity
KW  - tortuosity
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 87144278; Lu, Guoping 1; Sonnenthal, Eric L. 1; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: bomb pulse; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorine 36; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cl; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaching; Author-Supplied Keyword: porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: tortuosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002546
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reimus, Paul
AU  - Pohll, Greg
AU  - Mihevc, Todd
AU  - Chapman, Jenny
AU  - Haga, Marc
AU  - Lyles, Brad
AU  - Kosinski, Sean
AU  - Niswonger, Rich
AU  - Sanders, Peter
T1  - Testing and parameterizing a conceptual model for solute transport in a fractured granite using multiple tracers in a forced-gradient test.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - A cross-hole tracer test involving the simultaneous injection of two nonsorbing solute tracers with different diffusion coefficients (bromide and pentafluorobenzoate) and a weakly sorbing solute tracer (lithium ion) was conducted in a fractured granite near an underground nuclear test cavity in central Nevada. The test was conducted to (1) test a conceptual radionuclide transport model for the site and (2) obtain transport parameter estimates for predictive modeling. The differences between the responses of the two nonsorbing tracers (when normalized to injection masses) are consistent with a dual-porosity transport system in which matrix diffusion is occurring. The large concentration attenuation of the sorbing tracer relative to the nonsorbing tracers suggests that diffusion occurs primarily into matrix pores, not simply into stagnant water within the fractures. The relative responses of the tracers at late times suggest that the diffusion-accessible matrix pore volume is possibly limited to only half the total volume of the flow system, implying that the effective retardation factor due to matrix diffusion may be as small as 1.5 for nonsorbing solutes in the system. The lower end of the range of possible sorption Kd values deduced from the lithium response is greater than the upper 95% confidence bound of Kd values measured in laboratory sorption tests using crushed granite from the site. This result suggests that the practice of using laboratory sorption data in field-scale transport predictions of cation-exchanging radionuclides, such as 137Cs+ and 90Sr++, should be conservative for the SHOAL site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - dual porosity
KW  - fractured media
KW  - reactive tracer
KW  - sorption
KW  - tracer test
KW  - tracers
N1  - Accession Number: 87144290; Reimus, Paul 1; Pohll, Greg 2; Mihevc, Todd 2; Chapman, Jenny 2; Haga, Marc 1; Lyles, Brad 2; Kosinski, Sean 2; Niswonger, Rich 2; Sanders, Peter 3; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; 2: Desert Research Institute; 3: Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: dual porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured media; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactive tracer; Author-Supplied Keyword: sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: tracer test; Author-Supplied Keyword: tracers; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001597
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Su, Grace W.
AU  - Nimmo, John R.
AU  - Dragila, Maria I.
T1  - Effect of isolated fractures on accelerated flow in unsaturated porous rock.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Fractures that begin and end in the unsaturated zone, or isolated fractures, have been ignored in previous studies because they were generally assumed to behave as capillary barriers and remain nonconductive. We conducted a series of experiments using Berea sandstone samples to examine the physical mechanisms controlling flow in a rock containing a single isolated fracture. The input fluxes and fracture orientation were varied in these experiments. Visualization experiments using dyed water in a thin vertical slab of rock were conducted to identify flow mechanisms occurring due to the presence of the isolated fracture. Two mechanisms occurred: (1) localized flow through the rock matrix in the vicinity of the isolated fracture and (2) pooling of water at the bottom of the fracture, indicating the occurrence of film flow along the isolated fracture wall. These mechanisms were observed at fracture angles of 20 and 60 degrees from the horizontal, but not at 90 degrees. Pooling along the bottom of the fracture was observed over a wider range of input fluxes for low-angled isolated fractures compared to high-angled ones. Measurements of matrix water pressures in the samples with the 20 and 60 degree fractures also demonstrated that preferential flow occurred through the matrix in the fracture vicinity, where higher pressures occurred in the regions where faster flow was observed in the visualization experiments. The pooling length at the terminus of a 20 degree isolated fracture was measured as a function of input flux. Calculations of the film flow rate along the fracture were made using these measurements and indicated that up to 22% of the flow occurred as film flow. These experiments, apparently the first to consider isolated fractures, demonstrate that such features can accelerate flow through the unsaturated zone and should be considered when developing conceptual models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fractured rock
KW  - preferential flow
KW  - unsaturated flow
N1  - Accession Number: 87144269; Su, Grace W. 1,2; Nimmo, John R. 1; Dragila, Maria I. 3; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Geological Survey; 2: Now at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.; 3: Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: preferential flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated flow; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001691
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144269&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
AU  - Doughty, Christine
T1  - Multirate flowing fluid electric conductivity logging method.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - The flowing fluid electric conductivity logging method involves the replacement of well bore water by deionized or constant-salinity water, followed by constant pumping with rate Q, during which a series of fluid electric conductivity logs are taken. The logs can be analyzed to identify depth locations of inflow and evaluate the transmissivity and electric conductivity (salinity) of the fluid at each inflow point. The present paper proposes the use of the method with two or more pumping rates. In particular, it is recommended that the method be applied three times with pumping rates Q, Q/2, and 2 Q. Then a combined analysis of the multirate data allows an efficient means of determining transmissivity and salinity values of all inflow points along a well with a confidence measure, as well as their ambient or 'far-field' pressure heads. The method is illustrated by a practical example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fluid logging
KW  - fracture flow
KW  - heterogeneous porous media
KW  - hydrologic characterization
N1  - Accession Number: 87144264; Tsang, Chin-Fu 1; Doughty, Christine 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluid logging; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneous porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrologic characterization; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002308
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144264&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, Douglas D.
AU  - Roberts, Randall M.
T1  - Flow dimensions corresponding to hydrogeologic conditions.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - The generalized radial flow approach to hydraulic test interpretation uses the flow dimension to describe the change in flow area versus radial distance from the borehole. The flow dimension of a hydraulic test may reflect several characteristics of the hydrogeologic system, including heterogeneity, boundaries, and leakage. We show that a radial flow system with a linear, constant-head boundary asymptotically reaches a flow dimension of four, while the flow dimension of a leaky aquifer is a function of time and the leakage factor. We use numerical techniques to show that a stationary transmissivity field with a modest level of heterogeneity has a flow dimension that stabilizes at two. We also show that the flow dimension for a nonstationary transmissivity field depends on the form and magnitude of the nonstationarity. The flow dimension observed during hydraulic tests helps identify admissible conceptual models for the tested system, and places hydraulic testing in its full hydrogeologic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - aquifer test
KW  - flow dimension
KW  - generalized radial flow
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - hydraulic test
N1  - Accession Number: 87144273; Walker, Douglas D. 1; Roberts, Randall M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Illinois State Water Survey; 2: Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2003, Vol. 39 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: aquifer test; Author-Supplied Keyword: flow dimension; Author-Supplied Keyword: generalized radial flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydraulic test; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001511
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144273&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fast, Jerome D.
T1  - Forecasts of Valley Circulations Using the Terrain-Following and Step-Mountain Vertical Coordinates in the Meso-Eta Model.
JO  - Weather & Forecasting
JF  - Weather & Forecasting
Y1  - 2003/12//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1192
EP  - 1206
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08828156
AB  - The nonhydrostatic version of the NCEP Meso-Eta Model is used to perform simulations that differ by only the vertical coordinate to determine the differences in forecasted valley circulations associated with the step-mountain and terrain-following vertical coordinates and whether one coordinate produces consistently superior forecasts at meso-γ and micro-α scales. A horizontal grid spacing of 850 m is used. The model forecasts are evaluated using data from the October 2000 Vertical Transport and Mixing (VTMX) field campaign in the Salt Lake valley. The forecasts of the diurnal evolution of the dominant circulations in the Salt Lake valley, including valley, slope, and canyon flows, and their modification by synoptic forcing during five intensive observation periods, were qualitatively similar to the measurements. Forecasts produced by the step-mountain and terrain-following vertical coordinates each have their own advantages and disadvantages and neither vertical coordinate outperformed the other overall. In general, the terrain-following coordinate simulations reproduced the observed surface wind directions over the valley sidewalls better, while the step-mountain coordinate simulations of nighttime near-surface temperatures and wind speeds were closer to the observations. Significant differences in wind speed and direction between the simulations were also produced in the middle valley atmosphere at night, with the terrain-following coordinate simulations somewhat better than the step-mountain coordinate simulations. Similar forecast errors produced by both simulations probably resulted from the physical parameterizations, rather than the choice of vertical coordinate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Weather & Forecasting is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WEATHER forecasting
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC circulation
KW  - MOUNTAINS
KW  - WEATHER
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11713389; Fast, Jerome D. 1; Email Address: jerome.fast@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p1192; Subject Term: WEATHER forecasting; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC circulation; Subject Term: MOUNTAINS; Subject Term: WEATHER; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541990 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Noguchi, Koichi
AU  - Pariev, Vladimir I.
T1  - Magnetorotational Instability in a Couette Flow of Plasma.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/02/
VL  - 692
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 292
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - All experiments, which have been proposed so far to model the magnetorotational instability (MRI) in the laboratory, involve a Couette flow of liquid metals in a rotating annulus. All liquid metals have small magnetic Prandtl numbers, Pm ∼ 10-6, the ratio of kinematic viscosity to magnetic diffusivity. With plasmas both large and small Pm are achievable by varying the temperature and the density of plasma. Compressibility and fast rotation of the plasma result in radial stratification of the equilibrium plasma density. Evolution of perturbations in radially stratified viscous and resistive plasma permeated by an axial uniform magnetic field is considered. The differential rotation of the plasma is induced by the E × B drift in applied radial electric field. Global unstable eigenmodes are calculated by our newly developed matrix code. The plasma is shown to be MRI unstable for parameters easily achievable in experimental setup. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - PLASMA density
N1  - Accession Number: 11534039; Noguchi, Koichi 1 Pariev, Vladimir I. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester  3: Lebedev Physical Institute, Russia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 692 Issue 1, p285; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: PLASMA density; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635188
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11534039&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kremer, J.P.
AU  - Pedersen, T.S.
AU  - Pomphrey, N.
AU  - Reiersen, W.
AU  - Dahlgren, F.
T1  - The Status of the Design and Construction of the Columbia Non-neutral Torus.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/02/
VL  - 692
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 320
EP  - 325
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Columbia Non-neutral Torus (CNT) is a tabletop (R=0.3 m, a=0.1 m, B=0.2 T) stellarator now being constructed at Columbia University. The goal of CNT is to study the equilibrium, stability, and transport of non-neutral plasmas confined on magnetic surfaces. CNT will use four circular, planar coils: two interlocking coils with a variable tilt angle, plus two additional poloidal field coils. By varying the angle between the interlocking coils, the rotational transform can be varied from 0.2 to 0.6 and the magnetic shear from essentially zero to 20%. The results of a numerical study of how error fields affect the quality of the magnetic surfaces will be presented. The plasma will be diagnosed by numerous Langmuir and sector probes, connected to a computer data acquisition and control system. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONNEUTRAL plasma
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - NEW York (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - COLUMBIA University
N1  - Accession Number: 11534035; Kremer, J.P. 1 Pedersen, T.S. 1 Pomphrey, N. 2 Reiersen, W. 2 Dahlgren, F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, NY  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, NJ; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 692 Issue 1, p320; Subject Term: NONNEUTRAL plasma; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: NEW York (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: COLUMBIA University; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635192
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11534035&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shah, K. S.
AU  - Glodo, J.
AU  - Klugerman, M.
AU  - Moses, W. W.
AU  - Derenzo, S. B.
AU  - Weber, M.J.
T1  - LaBr3 :Ce Scintillators for Gamma-Ray Speciroscopy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12/02/Dec2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2410
EP  - 2414
SN  - 00189499
AB  - In this paper, we report on a relatively new scintillator - LaBr3:Ce for gamma-ray spectroscopy. Crystals of this scintillator have been grown using Bridgman process. This material when doped with cerium has high light output (∼ 60000 photons/MeV) and fast principal decay constant (≤ 25 ns). Furthermore, it shows excellent energy resolution for γ-ray detection. Energy resolution of 3.2% (FWHM) has been achieved for 662 keV photons (137Cs source) at room temperature. High timing resolution (260 ps - FWHM) has been recorded with LaBr3:Ce-PMT and BaF3-PMT detectors operating in coincidence mode using 511-keV positron annihilation γ-ray pairs. Details of its scintillation properties, and variation of these properties with changing cerium concentration are reported. Potential applications of this material are also addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - Gamma ray spectrometry
KW  - Cerium
KW  - Annihilation reactions
KW  - Positrons
KW  - High resolution spectroscopy
KW  - γ-detection
KW  - bromide compounds
KW  - Ce3+
KW  - energy resolution
KW  - rare-earth trihalides
KW  - scintillation crystals.
N1  - Accession Number: 12464421; Shah, K. S. 1; Email Address: kshah@rmdine.com; Glodo, J. 1; Klugerman, M. 1; Moses, W. W. 2; Derenzo, S. B. 2; Weber, M.J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Radiation Monitoring Devices, Watertown, MA 02472 USA.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2410; Subject Term: Scintillators; Subject Term: Gamma ray spectrometry; Subject Term: Cerium; Subject Term: Annihilation reactions; Subject Term: Positrons; Subject Term: High resolution spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: bromide compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ce3+; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: rare-earth trihalides; Author-Supplied Keyword: scintillation crystals.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820614
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12464421&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shah, K. S.
AU  - Glodo, J.
AU  - Klugerman, M.
AU  - Moses, W. W.
AU  - Derenzo, S. B.
AU  - Weber, M.J.
T1  - LaBr3 :Ce Scintillators for Gamma-Ray Speciroscopy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12/02/Dec2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2410
EP  - 2414
SN  - 00189499
AB  - In this paper, we report on a relatively new scintillator - LaBr3:Ce for gamma-ray spectroscopy. Crystals of this scintillator have been grown using Bridgman process. This material when doped with cerium has high light output (∼ 60000 photons/MeV) and fast principal decay constant (≤ 25 ns). Furthermore, it shows excellent energy resolution for γ-ray detection. Energy resolution of 3.2% (FWHM) has been achieved for 662 keV photons (137Cs source) at room temperature. High timing resolution (260 ps - FWHM) has been recorded with LaBr3:Ce-PMT and BaF3-PMT detectors operating in coincidence mode using 511-keV positron annihilation γ-ray pairs. Details of its scintillation properties, and variation of these properties with changing cerium concentration are reported. Potential applications of this material are also addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
KW  - POSITRONS
KW  - HIGH resolution spectroscopy
KW  - γ-detection
KW  - bromide compounds
KW  - Ce3+
KW  - energy resolution
KW  - rare-earth trihalides
KW  - scintillation crystals.
N1  - Accession Number: 12464421; Shah, K. S. 1; Email Address: kshah@rmdine.com Glodo, J. 1 Klugerman, M. 1 Moses, W. W. 2 Derenzo, S. B. 2 Weber, M.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Radiation Monitoring Devices, Watertown, MA 02472 USA.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Source Info: Dec2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2410; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Subject Term: POSITRONS; Subject Term: HIGH resolution spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: bromide compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ce3+; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: rare-earth trihalides; Author-Supplied Keyword: scintillation crystals.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820614
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12464421&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexopoulos, T.
AU  - Avramidou, R.
AU  - Bratzler, U.
AU  - Cemoch, C.
AU  - Dris, M.
AU  - Fassouliotis, D.
AU  - Filippas, T. A.
AU  - Fokitis, E.
AU  - Cans, E. N.
AU  - Ioannou, P.
AU  - Katsoufis, E. C.
AU  - Kourkoumelis, Ch.
AU  - Krepouri, A.
AU  - Liolios, T.
AU  - Maltezos, S.
AU  - Manolopoulou, M.
AU  - Palestini, S.
AU  - Petridou, Ch.
AU  - Polychronakos, V.
AU  - Sampsonidis, D.
T1  - Extensive Performance Studies for the ATLAS BIS-MDT Precision Muon Chambers With Cosmic Rays.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2003/12/02/Dec2003 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2420
EP  - 2425
SN  - 00189499
AB  - ATLAS (a toroidal LHC apparatus) is a general purpose experiment that will start its operation at the large hadron collider (LHC) at CERN in 2007. The ATLAS detector is designed to explore numerous physics processes by recording, measuring, and investigating the products emerging from proton-proton collisions at energies up to 14 TeV. High-precision muon momentum measurement (dp/p ∼ 10% at pT = 1 TeV/c) over large areas using monitored drift tube (MDT) chambers is crucial for the ATLAS experiment. More than 1200 MDT chambers, consisting of approximately 370 000 drift tubes, will provide a total coverage of 5500 m². Three Greek universities have taken the responsibility to construct 130 barrel inner small (BIS)-MDT chambers using 30 000 drift tubes of ∼ 1.7 m length that have been quality tested before assembly. The design of the muon drift tubes aims at high detection efficiency (> 95%) and a spatial single tube resolution of < 80 μm. This paper describes the cosmic ray test setup, which has been instrumented in order to verify that the BIS-MDT chamber Module-0 fulfills its design requirements. The analysis of its data shows that the chamber meets these requirements; it has low noise levels, uniform drift properties, good spatial resolution, and high particle detection efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Hadron colliders
KW  - Colliders (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Resolution (Optics)
KW  - Cosmic rays
KW  - Muons
KW  - ATLAS
KW  - cosmic rays
KW  - gas detectors
KW  - muon spectrometer
KW  - particle detectors.
N1  - Accession Number: 12464423; Alexopoulos, T. 1; Avramidou, R. 1; Bratzler, U. 1; Cemoch, C.; Dris, M. 1; Fassouliotis, D. 2; Filippas, T. A. 1; Fokitis, E. 1; Cans, E. N.; Ioannou, P. 2; Katsoufis, E. C.; Kourkoumelis, Ch. 1; Krepouri, A. 3; Liolios, T. 3; Maltezos, S. 1; Manolopoulou, M. 3; Palestini, S.; Petridou, Ch. 3; Polychronakos, V. 1; Sampsonidis, D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Athens, Greece.; 2: Physics Department, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; 3: Physics Department, Brookhaven national Laboratory, Upton, USA.; Issue Info: Dec2003 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p2420; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: Hadron colliders; Subject Term: Colliders (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Resolution (Optics); Subject Term: Cosmic rays; Subject Term: Muons; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATLAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmic rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: muon spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle detectors.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.820630
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12464423&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimball, David B.
AU  - Michalczyk, Ryszard
AU  - Moody, Eddie
AU  - Ollivault-Shiflett, Morgane
AU  - De Jesus, Karl
AU  - Silks III, Louis A. `Pete'
T1  - Determining the Solution State Orientation of a Ti Enolate via Stable Isotope Labeling, NMR Spectroscopy, and Modeling Studies.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/03/
VL  - 125
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 14666
EP  - 14667
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The aldol reaction is one of the most widely known reactions in organic chemistry. When used in conjunction with a chiral promoter, aldols give high stereoselectivities for a variety of metal acid and base combinations. Although many aldol reactions have been reported, few accounts propose a geometry for the enolate intermediate, and fewer still are the result of direct observation. Of those that propose a structure, evidence is in the form of product ratios or modeling calculations. The oxazolidineselone is useful both to promote chirality in aldol reactions as well as to report on the ratios of each isomer produced in the reaction using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
KW  - ALDOL condensation
KW  - CHIRALITY
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - ORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11832526; Kimball, David B. 1 Michalczyk, Ryszard 2 Moody, Eddie 1 Ollivault-Shiflett, Morgane 1 De Jesus, Karl 1 Silks III, Louis A. `Pete' 2; Email Address: pete-silks@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Campus Box 8023, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209  2: NIH Stable Isotope Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Almos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 12/3/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 48, p14666; Subject Term: ALDOL condensation; Subject Term: CHIRALITY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: ORGANIC chemistry; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, Chandele R.
AU  - Sanz-Cervera, Juan F.
AU  - Silks, Louis A.
AU  - Williams, Robert M.
T1  - Studies on the Biosynthesis of Asperparaline A: Origin of the Spieosuccinimide Ring System.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/03/
VL  - 125
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 14692
EP  - 14693
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Asperparalines are fungal metabolites isolated from Aspergillus japonicus and have been shown to have potent paralytic activities against silkworm. Asperparaline A, also named aspergillimide along with the 16-oxo-derivative were isolated along with several paraherquamide derivatives from Aspergillus were reported to display anthelmintic activity. The asperparalines along with the brevianamides, paraherquamides, marcfortine A, and sclerotamide comprise an interesting class of structurally related secondary metabolites containing a bicyclo-[2.2.2]diazaoctane core.
KW  - ASPERGILLUS
KW  - FUNGAL metabolites
KW  - ANTHELMINTICS
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 11832539; Gray, Chandele R. 1 Sanz-Cervera, Juan F. 2 Silks, Louis A. 3 Williams, Robert M. 1; Email Address: rmw@chem.colostate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523  2: Departamento de Quiémica Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Dr. Moliner, 50. E-46100 Burjassot, Spain  3: NIH Stable Isotope Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Almos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 12/3/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 48, p14692; Subject Term: ASPERGILLUS; Subject Term: FUNGAL metabolites; Subject Term: ANTHELMINTICS; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taw, Felicia L.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Kiplinger, Jaqueline L.
T1  - Early Transition-Metal Perfluoroalkyl Compelexes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/03/
VL  - 125
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 14712
EP  - 14713
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The first transition-metal perfluoroalkyl complex, was reported in 1959 and led to a flourish of activity in the field of organometallic fluorocarbon chemistry. Today, metal CF3 complexes are known for virtually all the middle- and late-row transition metals. Despite persistent efforts, early transition-metal perfluoroalkyl complexes have remained elusive for 44 years. Traditional methods employed to prepare perfluoroalkyl complexes have repeatedly failed to provide early-metal analogues, and these failures have been attributed to facile and fluoride elimination pathways available to the early-metal fluoroalkyl complexes to give high lattice energy metal fluorides.
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - FLUOROCARBONS
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - FLUORIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 11832549; Taw, Felicia L. 1; Email Address: kiplinger@lanl.gov Scott, Brian L. 1 Kiplinger, Jaqueline L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 12/3/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 48, p14712; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: FLUOROCARBONS; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: FLUORIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixon, David A.
T1  - Advances in Chemical Physics (Book).
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/03/
VL  - 125
IS  - 48
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 14952
EP  - 14952
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Reviews the book "Advances in Chemical Physics," vol. 126, edited by I. Prigogine.
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - PRIGOGINE, Ilya, 1917-2003
KW  - ADVANCES in Chemical Physics (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11832584; Dixon, David A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: 12/3/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 48, p14952; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ADVANCES in Chemical Physics (Book); People: PRIGOGINE, Ilya, 1917-2003; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Niu, Fenglin
AU  - Silver, Paul G.
AU  - Nadeau, Robed M.
AU  - McEvilly, Thomas V.
T1  - Migration of seismic scatterers associated with the 1993 Parkfield aseismic transient event.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/12/04/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6966
M3  - Article
SP  - 544
EP  - 548
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The time-varying deformation field within a fault zone, particularly at depths where earthquakes occur, is important for understanding fault behaviour and its relation to earthquake occurrence. But detection of this temporal variation has been extremely difficult, although laboratory studies have long suggested that certain structural changes, such as the properties of crustal fractures, should be seismically detectable. Here we present evidence that such structural changes are indeed observable. In particular, we find a systematic temporal variation in the seismograms of repeat microearthquakes that occurred on the Parkfield segment of the San Andreas fault over the decade 1987-97. Our analysis reveals a change of the order of 10?m in the location of scatterers which plausibly lie within the fault zone at a depth of ~3?km. The motion of the scatterers is coincident, in space and time, with the onset of a well documented aseismic transient (deformation event). We speculate that this structural change is the result of a stress-induced redistribution of fluids in fluid-filled fractures caused by the transient event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTHQUAKES
KW  - SEISMOGRAMS
KW  - FAULT zones
KW  - SAN Andreas Fault (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11581738; Niu, Fenglin 1,2; Email Address: niu@rice.edu Silver, Paul G. 2 Nadeau, Robed M. 3 McEvilly, Thomas V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Science, MS-126 Rice University 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA  2: Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington DC 20015, USA  3: Berkeley Seismological Laboratory University of California Berkeley and Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 12/4/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6966, p544; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKES; Subject Term: SEISMOGRAMS; Subject Term: FAULT zones; Subject Term: SAN Andreas Fault (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02151
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beneke, Martin
AU  - Buchalla, Gerhard
AU  - Lenz, Alexander
AU  - Nierste, Ulrich
T1  - CP asymmetry in flavour-specific B decays beyond leading logarithms
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/12/04/
VL  - 576
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We compute next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the CP asymmetry <f>afs=Im(Γ12/M12)</f> in flavour-specific <f>Bd,s</f> decays such as <f>Bd→Xℓν¯ℓ</f> or <f>Bs→Ds−π+</f>. The corrections reduce the uncertainties associated with the choice of the renormalization scheme for the quark masses significantly. In the Standard Model we predict <f>adfs=−(5.0±1.1)×10−4</f>. As a by-product we also obtain the width difference in the <f>Bd</f> system at next-to-leading order in QCD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics) -- Decay
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - RENORMALIZATION (Physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - 12.38.Bx
KW  - Asymmetry
KW  - B/s0
KW  - B0 anti-B0
KW  - CP
KW  - Mixing angle
KW  - Semileptonic decay
N1  - Accession Number: 11402434; Beneke, Martin 1 Buchalla, Gerhard 2; Email Address: buchalla@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de Lenz, Alexander 3 Nierste, Ulrich 4; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik E, RWTH Aachen, Sommerfeldstraße 28, D-52074 Aachen, Germany  2: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Sektion Physik, Theresienstraße 37, D-80333 München, Germany  3: Fakultät für Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany  4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 576 Issue 1/2, p173; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics) -- Decay; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: RENORMALIZATION (Physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.38.Bx; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asymmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: B/s0; Author-Supplied Keyword: B0 anti-B0; Author-Supplied Keyword: CP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixing angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semileptonic decay; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.09.089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frauenfelder, Hans
T1  - Science with Gunny
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2003/12/05/
VL  - 312
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - Professor I.C. Gunsalus has not only performed outstanding research for more than 60 years but also is largely responsible for a much closer interaction between physicists and biologists. In this brief paper, I sketch the story of how this interaction came about. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - BIOLOGISTS
KW  - COLLEGE teachers
KW  - GUNSALUS, I. C.
N1  - Accession Number: 11399068; Frauenfelder, Hans 1; Email Address: frauenfelder@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 312 Issue 1, p169; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: BIOLOGISTS; Subject Term: COLLEGE teachers; People: GUNSALUS, I. C.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.187
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sabau, Adrian S.
AU  - Viswanathan, Srinath
T1  - Material properties for predicting wax pattern dimensions in investment casting
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/12/05/
VL  - 362
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 09215093
AB  - An important factor in determining tooling allowances in investment casting is the dimensional change of the wax pattern. Dimensional changes between a pattern die and its wax pattern occur as a result of complex phenomena such as thermal expansion–contraction and hot deformation (elastic, plastic, and creep). Thus, the wax pattern dimensions are determined by the wax’s thermophysical and thermomechanical properties, restraint of geometrical features by the metal die, and process parameters such as die temperature, platen temperature, injection pressure, injection temperature, and dwell time. In this paper, constitutive equations of material behavior that determine dimensional changes associated with the wax system are provided. Material property measurements were conducted in this study for Cerita™ 29-51 wax with the aim of obtaining a complete set of data that can be used as input in computer simulation software for predicting wax pattern dimensions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOUNDING
KW  - WAXES
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - Dimensions
KW  - Distortion
KW  - Investment casting
KW  - Paste
KW  - Rheology
KW  - Shear modulus
KW  - Shift factor
KW  - Viscoelastic
KW  - Wax
N1  - Accession Number: 11000826; Sabau, Adrian S. 1; Email Address: sabaua@ornl.gov Viswanathan, Srinath 2; Email Address: srinath@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6083, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1134, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 362 Issue 1/2, p125; Subject Term: FOUNDING; Subject Term: WAXES; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimensions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distortion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Investment casting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear modulus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shift factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscoelastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wax; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00569-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonhomme, François
AU  - Welk, Margaret E.
AU  - Nenoff, Tina M.
T1  - CO2 selectivity and lifetimes of high silica ZSM-5 membranes
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2003/12/05/
VL  - 66
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
SN  - 13871811
AB  - High silica ZSM-5 membranes have been grown on porous α-alumina supports via hydrothermal synthesis for CO2 sequestration from methane reforming processes. The optimized synthesis parameters for high silica ZSM-5 membranes, including gel composition and ageing, seed composition and deposition techniques, temperature, time, and membrane calcination parameters are discussed. The permeation characteristics of several membranes for gases present during methane reforming processes (H2, CO2, O2, CH4, N2 and CO) were measured, as well as for the test gases He and SF6. The permeance of CO2 is higher than that of the other gases and is between two and three times higher than that of the smaller He atoms or H2 molecules. The higher permeance of CO2 is likely due to enhanced surface diffusion. Membranes showed a decrease in CO2 permeation over time, which was partially regenerated after a heating cycle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - MEMBRANES (Technology)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CO2 sequestration
KW  - Gas separation
KW  - MFI zeolite
KW  - Permeation
KW  - Silicalite membrane
KW  - ZSM-5 zeolite
N1  - Accession Number: 11403922; Bonhomme, François 1 Welk, Margaret E. 1 Nenoff, Tina M.; Email Address: tmnenof@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Biological Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0734, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0734, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 66 Issue 2/3, p181; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: MEMBRANES (Technology); Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MFI zeolite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicalite membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZSM-5 zeolite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.micromeso.2003.09.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Peter M.
AU  - Bingert, John F.
AU  - Misra, Amit
AU  - Hirth, John P.
T1  - Rolling textures in nanoscale Cu/Nb multilayers
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 51
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6059
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Rolling textures in nanoscale multilayered thin films are found to differ markedly from textures observed in bulk materials. Multilayered thin films consisting of alternating Cu and Nb layers with columnar grains were produced by magnetron sputtering, with individual layer thickness ranging from 4 μm to 75 nm and Cu/Nb interfaces locally satisfying the Kurdjumov–Sachs (K–S) orientation relations. After rolling to 80% effective strain, samples with a larger initial layer thickness develop a bulk rolling texture while those with a smaller initial layer thickness display co-rotation of Cu and Nb columnar grains about the interface normal, in order to preserve the K–S orientation relations. The resulting K–S texture has 〈0 0 1〉Nb parallel to and 〈1 1 0〉Cu approximately 5° from the rolling direction. A crystal plasticity model based on the Principle of Minimum Shear captures the K–S texture approximately and suggests that Nb drags Cu along in the rotation process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - COPPER
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - TEXTURES
KW  - Multilayer thin films
KW  - Nanocomposite
KW  - Rolling
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 11464883; Anderson, Peter M. 1,2; Email Address: andersonp@mse.eng.ohio-state.edu Bingert, John F. 1 Misra, Amit 1 Hirth, John P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1179, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 51 Issue 20, p6059; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: TEXTURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayer thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocomposite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rolling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00428-2
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bei, H.
AU  - George, E.P.
AU  - Kenik, E.A.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
T1  - Directional solidification and microstructures of near-eutectic Cr–Cr3Si alloys
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 51
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6241
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Near-eutectic Cr–Cr3Si alloys were directionally solidified in a high-temperature optical floating zone furnace. At the eutectic composition, uniform and well-aligned lamellar structures were obtained over a fairly wide range of solidification conditions, but not at very low or very high growth rates where degenerate and cellular structures, respectively, were obtained. The lamellar spacing was found to increase with decreasing solidification rate, in agreement with the Jackson–Hunt theory. In addition, for a fixed growth rate, the lamellar spacing was found to increase with increasing rotation rate. The growth directions in the lamellar eutectic are found to be 〈1 0 0〉 for the Cr3Si phase and 〈1 1 1〉 for the Cr solid-solution phase. Eutectic microstructures (rod or lamellar) could also be produced at off-eutectic compositions, but only for a limited range of growth conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - EUTECTIC alloys
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - EUTECTICS
KW  - CHROMIUM alloys
KW  - SILICON alloys
KW  - Directional solidification
KW  - Eutectic solidification
KW  - In situ composite
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Transition metal silicide
N1  - Accession Number: 11464898; Bei, H. 1 George, E.P. 1,2; Email Address: georgeep@oml.gov Kenik, E.A. 2 Pharr, G.M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 434 Doughgherty Hall, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6093, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 51 Issue 20, p6241; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: EUTECTIC alloys; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: EUTECTICS; Subject Term: CHROMIUM alloys; Subject Term: SILICON alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Directional solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eutectic solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition metal silicide; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00447-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi, W.J.
AU  - Lee, T.Y.
AU  - Tu, K.N.
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Celestre, R.S.
AU  - MacDowell, A.A.
AU  - Bong, Y.Y.
AU  - Nguyen, Luu
T1  - Tin whiskers studied by synchrotron radiation scanning X-ray micro-diffraction
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 51
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6253
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A large number of Sn whiskers have been found on the Pb-free solder finish on leadframes used in consumer electronic products. Some of the whiskers on eutectic SnCu finishes are long enough to short the neighboring legs of the leadframe. Tin whisker growth is known to be a stress relief phenomenon. We have performed synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-diffraction analysis to measure the local stress level, the orientation of the grains in the finish around a whisker, and the growth direction of whiskers. The compressive stress in the solder finish is quite low, less than 10 MPa; nevertheless, there exists a stress gradient around the root of a whisker. From the orientation map and pole figure, we found that the growth direction of whiskers is [0 0 1] and there exists a preferred orientation of [3 2 1] grains on the solder finish. In one of the whisker analyzed, we found that the normal orientation of the grain just below the whisker is different; it is [2 1 0]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC whiskers
KW  - TIN
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Grain orientation
KW  - Pb-free solder
KW  - Stress gradient
KW  - Tin whisker
KW  - X-ray micro-diffractions
N1  - Accession Number: 11464899; Choi, W.J. 1 Lee, T.Y. 1 Tu, K.N. 1 Tamura, N. 2 Celestre, R.S. 2 MacDowell, A.A. 2 Bong, Y.Y. 3 Nguyen, Luu 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California (Los Angeles), 6532 Boelter Hall, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 900951595, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 51 Issue 20, p6253; Subject Term: METALLIC whiskers; Subject Term: TIN; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain orientation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pb-free solder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin whisker; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray micro-diffractions; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00448-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11464899&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yuan, R.
AU  - Kruzic, J.J.
AU  - Zhang, X.F.
AU  - De Jonghe, L.C.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Ambient to high-temperature fracture toughness and cyclic fatigue behavior in Al-containing silicon carbide ceramics
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 51
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6477
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A series of in situ toughened, Al, B and C containing, silicon carbide ceramics (ABC-SiC) has been examined with Al contents varying from 3 to 7 wt.%. With increasing Al additions, the grain morphology in the as-processed microstructures varied from elongated to bimodal to equiaxed, with a change in the nature of the grain-boundary film from amorphous to partially crystalline to fully crystalline. Fracture toughness and cyclic fatigue tests on these microstructures revealed that although the 7 wt.% Al containing material (7ABC) was extremely brittle, the 3 and particularly 5 wt.% Al materials (3ABC and 5ABC, respectively) displayed excellent crack-growth resistance at both ambient (25 °C) and elevated (1300 °C) temperatures. Indeed, no evidence of creep damage, in the form of grain-boundary cavitation, was seen at temperatures at 1300 °C or below. The enhanced toughness of the higher Al-containing materials was associated with extensive crack bridging from both interlocking grains (in 3ABC) and uncracked ligaments (in 5ABC); in contrast, the 7ABC SiC showed no such bridging, concomitant with a marked reduction in the volume fraction of elongated grains. Mechanistically, cyclic fatigue-crack growth in 3ABC and 5ABC SiC involved the progressive degradation of such bridging ligaments in the crack wake, with the difference in the degree of elastic vs. frictional bridging affecting the slope, i.e. Paris law exponent, of the crack-growth curve. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - BORON
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Mechanical properties (fracture, fatigue, toughness)
N1  - Accession Number: 11464919; Yuan, R. 1 Kruzic, J.J. 1 Zhang, X.F. 1 De Jonghe, L.C. 1 Ritchie, R.O.; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 51 Issue 20, p6477; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties (fracture, fatigue, toughness); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.038
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11464919&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romero, M. J.
AU  - Jones, K. M.
AU  - AbuShama, J.
AU  - Yan, Y.
AU  - Al-Jassim, M. M.
AU  - Noufi, R.
T1  - Surface-layer band gap widening in Cu(In,Ga)Se[sub 2] thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4731
EP  - 4733
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Transmission electron microscopy observations, cathodoluminescence spectroscopy and spectrum imaging are combined to investigate the emission spectrum in Cu(In,Ga)Se[sub 2] (CIGS) thin films with improved spatial resolution. We report direct evidence for a surface layer of wider band gap, which forms spontaneously in CIGS films. The existence of such a surface layer is critical for attaining high efficiency in solar cells based on these chalcopyrite semiconductor compounds. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - CATHODOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 11567929; Romero, M. J. 1; Email Address: mromero@nrel.gov Jones, K. M. 1 AbuShama, J. 1 Yan, Y. 1 Al-Jassim, M. M. 1 Noufi, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393; Source Info: 12/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 23, p4731; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: THIN films; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1631396
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11567929&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patten, John
AU  - Fesperman, Ronnie
AU  - Kumar, Satya
AU  - McSpadden, Sam
AU  - Qu, Jun
AU  - Lance, Michael
AU  - Nemanich, Robert
AU  - Huening, Jennifer
T1  - High-pressure phase transformation of silicon nitride.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4740
EP  - 4742
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We provide evidence for a high-pressure phase transformation (HPPT) in the ceramic material silicon nitride. This HPPT is inferred by a high-pressure diamond anvil cell, Raman spectroscopy, scanning/transmission electron microscopy, and optical and acoustic microscope inspection. In the case of silicon nitride, the HPPT involves a ductile or metallike behavior that is observed in severe deformation processes, such as nanoindentation and micromachining. This pressure-induced plasticity is believed to be similar to that found in silicon and germanium with its origin in the high-pressure metallic β-Sn phase formation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - MICROMACHINING
N1  - Accession Number: 11567926; Patten, John 1; Email Address: john.patten@wmich.edu Fesperman, Ronnie 1 Kumar, Satya 1 McSpadden, Sam 2 Qu, Jun 2 Lance, Michael 3 Nemanich, Robert 3 Huening, Jennifer; Affiliation:  1: University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6062  3: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27965; Source Info: 12/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 23, p4740; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632031
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11567926&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romero, Manuel J.
AU  - Ramanathan, Kannan
AU  - Contreras, Miguel A.
AU  - Al-Jassim, Mowafak M.
AU  - Noufi, Rommel
AU  - Sheldon, Peter
T1  - Cathodoluminescence of Cu(In,Ga)Se[sub 2] thin films used in high-efficiency solar cells.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4770
EP  - 4772
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Cathodoluminescence spectroscopy and spectrum imaging are employed to investigate Cu(In,Ga)Se[sub 2] (CIGS) thin films used in high-efficiency solar cells. We have found a nonuniform spatial distribution for the photon energy. The shift by decade of the emission spectrum is also found to depend systematically on the location of excitation. In addition, the photon energy at grain boundaries is not affected by the external excitation. A model for radiative recombination to be applied to these chalcopyrite compounds should explain these results, and some suggestions are considered. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLAR cells
N1  - Accession Number: 11567916; Romero, Manuel J. 1; Email Address: mromero@nrel.gov Ramanathan, Kannan 1 Contreras, Miguel A. 1 Al-Jassim, Mowafak M. 1 Noufi, Rommel 1 Sheldon, Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393; Source Info: 12/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 23, p4770; Subject Term: CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1631083
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11567916&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butko, V. Y.
AU  - Chi, X.
AU  - Lang, D. V.
AU  - Ramirez, A. P.
T1  - Field-effect transistor on pentacene single crystal.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4773
EP  - 4775
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on the fabrication and characterization of field-effect transistors (FETs) on single-crystal pentacene. These FETs exhibit hole conductivity with room-temperature effective mobility (μ[sub eff]) up to 0.30 cm2/V s and on/off ratios up to 5×10[sup 6]. A negative gate voltage of -50 V significantly decreases the activation energy (E[sub a]) down to 0.143 eV near room temperature. Using this value of E[sub a] and a simple model, we find the number of free carriers is only ∼0.4% of the total number of injected carriers. Along with μ[sub eff]∼0.3 cm[sup 2]/V s, this places the intrinsic mobility in the range of tens of cm2/V s. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - PENTACENE
N1  - Accession Number: 11567915; Butko, V. Y. 1; Email Address: vbutko@lanl.gov Chi, X. 1 Lang, D. V. 1 Ramirez, A. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 12/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 23, p4773; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: PENTACENE; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1631736
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11567915&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Follstaedt, D. M.
AU  - Missert, N. A.
AU  - Koleske, D. D.
AU  - Mitchell, C. C.
AU  - Cross, K. C.
T1  - Plan-view image contrast of dislocations in GaN.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4797
EP  - 4799
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate that when vertical threading dislocations in (0001) GaN are imaged in plan-view by transmission electron microscopy, a surface-relaxation contrast operates in addition to that due to the strain fields of dislocations passing through the specimen. We show that all three dislocation types (edge, screw, and mixed) can be detected in the same image using g=(1120) and 18° specimen tilt from [0001], allowing total densities to be assessed properly. The type of an individual dislocation can also be readily identified. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11567907; Follstaedt, D. M. 1; Email Address: dmfolls@sandia.gov Missert, N. A. 1 Koleske, D. D. 1 Mitchell, C. C. 1 Cross, K. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1056; Source Info: 12/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 23, p4797; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632540
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11567907&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lim, D.
AU  - Averitt, R. D.
AU  - Demsar, J.
AU  - Taylor, A. J.
AU  - Hur, N.
AU  - Cheong, S. W.
T1  - Coherent acoustic phonons in hexagonal manganite LuMnO[sub 3].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4800
EP  - 4802
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have observed coherent acoustic phonons in the hexagonal manganite LuMnO[sub 3] using two-color femtosecond optical pump-probe spectroscopy. The dependence of the oscillatory component of the photoinduced reflectivity on the probe wavelength and incident angle is consistent with a propagating strain pulse. Moreover, the frequency, dephasing, and phase of the oscillation are found to be temperature dependent. In particular, a large phase shift occurs in the vicinity of the Néel temperature (T[sub N]), which we relate to the temperature-dependent on-site Mn d–d transition that is coupled to antiferromagnetic ordering, as recently observed in optical conductivity measurements. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - PHONONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11567906; Lim, D. 1 Averitt, R. D. 1; Email Address: raveritt@lanl.gov Demsar, J. 1 Taylor, A. J. 1 Hur, N. 2 Cheong, S. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854; Source Info: 12/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 23, p4800; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: PHONONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630847
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11567906&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, Dawn J.
AU  - Khusid, Boris
AU  - James, Conrad D.
AU  - Galambos, Paul C.
AU  - Okandan, Murat
AU  - Jacqmin, David
AU  - Acrivos, Andreas
T1  - Combined field-induced dielectrophoresis and phase separation for manipulating particles in microfluidics.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 83
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4866
EP  - 4868
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Experiments were conducted in microfluidics equipped with dielectrophoretic gates arranged perpendicular to the flow. Under the action of a high-gradient ac field and shear, flowing suspensions were found to undergo a phase separation and to form a distinct front between the regions enriched with and depleted of particles. We demonstrate that this many-body phenomenon, which originates from interparticle electrical interactions, provides a method for concentrating particles in focused regions and for separating biological and nonbiological materials. The evolution of the particle patterns formation is well described by a proposed electrohydrodynamic model. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - ELECTROHYDRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11567884; Bennett, Dawn J. 1,2; Email Address: djbenne@sandia.gov Khusid, Boris 1; Email Address: khusid@adm.njit.edu James, Conrad D. 2; Email Address: cdjame@sandia.gov Galambos, Paul C. 2; Email Address: pcgalam@sandia.gov Okandan, Murat 2; Email Address: mokanda@sandia.gov Jacqmin, David 3; Email Address: fsdavid@tess.lerc.nasa.gov Acrivos, Andreas 4; Email Address: acrivos@scisun.sci.ccny.cuny.edu; Affiliation:  1: New Jersey Institute of Technology, Univeristy Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  3: NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44135  4: The City College of New York, 140th Street and Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031; Source Info: 12/8/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 23, p4866; Subject Term: DIELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: ELECTROHYDRODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1629789
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11567884&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antal, T.K.
AU  - Krendeleva, T.E.
AU  - Laurinavichene, T.V.
AU  - Makarova, V.V.
AU  - Ghirardi, M.L.
AU  - Rubin, A.B.
AU  - Tsygankov, A.A.
AU  - Seibert, M.
T1  - The dependence of algal H2 production on Photosystem II and O2 consumption activities in sulfur-deprived Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells
JO  - BBA - Bioenergetics
JF  - BBA - Bioenergetics
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 1607
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 00052728
AB  - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures, deprived of inorganic sulfur, undergo dramatic changes during adaptation to the nutrient stress [Biotechnol. Bioeng. 78 (2002) 731]. When the capacity for Photosystem II (PSII) O2 evolution decreases below that of respiration, the culture becomes anaerobic [Plant Physiol. 122 (2000) 127]. We demonstrate that (a) the photochemical activity of PSII, monitored by in situ fluorescence, also decreases slowly during the aerobic period; (b) at the exact time of anaerobiosis, the remaining PSII activity is rapidly down regulated; and (c) electron transfer from PSII to PSI abruptly decreases at that point. Shortly thereafter, the PSII photochemical activity is partially restored, and H2 production starts. Hydrogen production, which lasts for 3–4 days, is catalyzed by an anaerobically induced, reversible hydrogenase. While most of the reductants used directly for H2 gas photoproduction come from water, the remaining electrons must come from endogenous substrate degradation through the NAD(P)H plastoquinone (PQ) oxido-reductase pathway. We propose that the induced hydrogenase activity provides a sink for electrons in the absence of other alternative pathways, and its operation allows the partial oxidation of intermediate photosynthetic carriers, including the PQ pool, between PSII and PSI. We conclude that the reduced state of this pool, which controls PSII photochemical activity, is one of the main factors regulating H2 production under sulfur-deprived conditions. Residual O2 evolved under these conditions is probably consumed mostly by the aerobic oxidation of storage products linked to mitochondrial respiratory processes involving both the cytochrome oxidase and the alternative oxidase. These functions maintain the intracellular anaerobic conditions required to keep the hydrogenase enzyme in the active, induced form. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Bioenergetics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - RESPIRATION
KW  - HYDROXAMIC acids
KW  - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
KW  - chlorophyll (Chl)
KW  - initial peak in the fluorescence induction curve (Fi)
KW  - maximal saturating light pulse-induced fluorescence levels in dark- and light-adapted cells, respectively (Fm and Fm′)
KW  - O2 consumption
KW  - photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)
KW  - Photosystem II
KW  - plastoquinone (PQ)
KW  - ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco)
KW  - salicyl hydroxamic acid (SHAM)
KW  - steady state level of Chl fluorescence in light-adapted cells (Ft)
KW  - the initial level of Chl fluorescence under modulated measuring light in dark-adapted cells (F0)
KW  - the primary and secondary quinone acceptors associated with PSII (QA and QB)
KW  - the two photosystems found in cyanobacteria, algae, and plants (PSI and PSII)
N1  - Accession Number: 11537727; Antal, T.K. 1 Krendeleva, T.E. 1 Laurinavichene, T.V. 2 Makarova, V.V. Ghirardi, M.L. 3 Rubin, A.B. 1 Tsygankov, A.A. 2 Seibert, M. 3; Email Address: mike_seibert@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Vorobyevi Gori 119899, Russia  2: Institute of Basic Biological Problems RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia  3: Basic Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 1607 Issue 2/3, p153; Subject Term: CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: RESPIRATION; Subject Term: HYDROXAMIC acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorophyll (Chl); Author-Supplied Keyword: initial peak in the fluorescence induction curve (Fi); Author-Supplied Keyword: maximal saturating light pulse-induced fluorescence levels in dark- and light-adapted cells, respectively (Fm and Fm′); Author-Supplied Keyword: O2 consumption; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosystem II; Author-Supplied Keyword: plastoquinone (PQ); Author-Supplied Keyword: ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco); Author-Supplied Keyword: salicyl hydroxamic acid (SHAM); Author-Supplied Keyword: steady state level of Chl fluorescence in light-adapted cells (Ft); Author-Supplied Keyword: the initial level of Chl fluorescence under modulated measuring light in dark-adapted cells (F0); Author-Supplied Keyword: the primary and secondary quinone acceptors associated with PSII (QA and QB); Author-Supplied Keyword: the two photosystems found in cyanobacteria, algae, and plants (PSI and PSII); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbabio.2003.09.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, Angela K.
AU  - Dunning Jr., Thom H.
T1  - SO[sub 2] revisited: Impact of tight d augmented correlation consistent basis sets on structure and energetics.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 119
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 11712
EP  - 11714
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The total energies, atomization energies, molecular structures, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of SO[sub 2] have been determined using the newly revised correlation consistent basis sets, cc-pV(n+d)Z, with n=2–5. The impact of the additional tight d functions on the energies, structures, and frequencies as well as the convergence of these quantities to the complete basis set (CBS) limit is examined. Overall, the revised sets result in faster convergence to the CBS limit. The effect of the additional tight d function is particularly dramatic for the lower level, double zeta and triple zeta, basis sets. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 11482282; Wilson, Angela K. 1; Email Address: akwilson@unt.edu Dunning Jr., Thom H. 2; Email Address: dunning@jics.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5070  2: Joint Institute for Computational Science, University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996; and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 12/8/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 22, p11712; Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1624591
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dang
AU  - N. C.
AU  - Reinot
AU  - T.
AU  - Small
AU  - G. J.
AU  - Hayes
AU  - J. M.
T1  - Probing Confined Water with Nonphotochemical Hole Burning Spectroscopy:  Aluminum Phthalocyanine Tetrasulfonate in Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate).
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 10514
EP  - 10520
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Nonphotochemical hole burning is used to measure the linear electron-phonon coupling, the temperature dependence of the pure dephasing, and the zero-phonon hole growth kinetics of aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (APT) in glassy water confined in pores (~30 Å) of films of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly-HEMA). The hole burning properties of APT in the polymer are compared with those of APT in hyperquenched glassy films of water and ethanol. Below ~8 K in the polymer, the dephasing, which is dominated by coupling to the intrinsic two-level systems (TLSint) of the glass, is found to be more similar to that of APT in unannealed hyperquenched glassy water (HGW) films than in annealed HGW films. This shows, for the first time, that confinement does not lead to a significant decrease in the TLSint density. At higher temperatures, dephasing due to exchange coupling with a pseudolocalized mode at 42 cm-1 becomes dominant. This coupling is due to diagonal quadratic electron-phonon coupling that leads to a change in mode energy upon electronic excitation of APT. The 42 cm-1 vibration is assigned to the transverse acoustic mode of confined water. In HGW the energy of this mode is 50 cm-1. The interaction of APT with surface-bound water and the polymer surface also leads to reduction of the energy of the linearly coupled (Franck-Condon active) phonon mode from 38 cm-1 for HGW to 32 cm-1. Hole growth kinetics measurements for APT in polymer saturated with D2O are compared with those in polymer saturated with H2O. In the heavy water the hole burning is 330 times slower. The equivalent factor for heavy HGW is 800. Thus, the mechanism of hole burning involves proton tunneling associated with the extrinsic two-level systems (TLSext) introduced by the dye. In contrast, dephasing data indicate that the coordinate of the TLSint is spatially extended and involves only small-amplitude motion of protons. Differences between the hole-burning properties of APT in poly-HEMA and in HGW and hyperquenched ethanol are discussed in terms of the interactions of APT with bound (nonfreezable) water and the hydroxyethyl groups of the polymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - ALUMINUM compounds
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 11653625; Dang N. C. 1 Reinot T. 1 Small G. J. 1 Hayes J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 49, p10514; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Subject Term: ALUMINUM compounds; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: POLYMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Michael
AU  - J. V.
AU  - Su
AU  - M.-C.
AU  - Sutherland
AU  - J. W.
AU  - Harding
AU  - L. B.
AU  - Wagner
AU  - A. F.
T1  - Rate Constants for D + C2H2 → C2HD + H at High Temperature:  Implications to the High Pressure Rate Constant for H + C2H2 → C2H3.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 10533
EP  - 10543
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The reflected shock tube technique with D atom atomic resonance absorption spectrometry (ARAS) detection has been used to study the bimolecular reaction, D + C2H2 → C2HD + H. D atoms were produced from the thermal decomposition of C2D5I above ~1150 K. The initially formed C2D5 radicals rapidly decompose to give D + C2D4. Rate constant values were obtained from both reactant and product hydrogen atom measurements, and these were found to be identical within experimental error. The title reaction proceeds through a vibrationally excited vinyl radical, and the equivalence of results based on reactant and product measurements suggests that radical stabilization is negligible over the temperature and pressure ranges of the experiments. For 1100 ≤ T ≤ 1630 K, the results can be described by the linear-least-squares Arrhenius expression:  k = (2.77 ± 0.45) × 10-10 exp(-3051 ± 210 K/T) in units of cm3 molecule-1 s-1, with the one standard deviation of the values from the equation being ±10.7%. Application of RRKM theory with negligible stabilization shows that k = kD∞〈kfε/(kfε+ kbε)〉 where the kiε's refer to RRKM evaluated specific rate constants for forward and backward dissociations, and kD∞ is the high-pressure limiting rate constant for D addition to acetylene. Hence, the present measurements coupled with earlier measurements and modern ab initio potential energy determinations allow for specification of the high-pressure limiting rate constants. The same model can then be used for the protonated reaction, H + C2H2, where a considerable ambiguity has existed for about 30 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11653628; Michael J. V. 1 Su M.-C. 1 Sutherland J. W. 1 Harding L. B. 1 Wagner A. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 49, p10533; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parsons
AU  - B. F.
AU  - Chandler
AU  - D. W.
T1  - On the Dissociation of van der Waals Clusters of X2-Cyclohexane (X = O, Cl) Following Charge-Transfer Excitation in the Ultraviolet.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 10544
EP  - 10553
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We report the results of experiments investigating the charge-transfer state photofragments of a van der Waals cluster after excitation through a strong absorption band in the ultraviolet. The O2-cyclohexane cluster has a strong absorption to a charge-transfer state near 226 nm resulting in dissociation yielding O(3P). On the basis of a simple model (Mulliken, R. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 811) and low level ab initio calculations, the location of the charge-transfer absorption for a Cl2-cyclohexane cluster is predicted and the dissociation of this cluster leading to Cl*(2P1/2) and Cl(2P3/2) is also investigated. The translational energy distribution, P(ET) for each cluster is analyzed in terms of two possible dissociation mechanisms. The dissociation may be considered to proceed on the initially accessed charge-transfer state through a harpooning-type mechanism. Alternatively, the dissociation may proceed following a nonadiabatic electronic transition to the neutral excited states of the diatomic subunit of the cluster. For O2-cyclohexane, the P(ET) is consistent with the second dissociation mechanism. We determine from the available data that the likely structure for the vdW complex is analogous to the resting structure of I2-benzene with the O2 bond axis lying above the cyclohexane ring. For Cl2-cyclohexane, we analyze the velocity dependence of the Cl recoil anisotropy and find it increases from nearly isotropic (β ~ 0) to distinctly anisotropic (β ~ 1.7-2). The fast, anisotropic Cl atoms result from dissociation of the cluster on the neutral excited states of Cl2. The slow, isotropic Cl atoms likely result from secondary dissociation of the product Cl-cyclohexane cluster. We determine a Cl*(2P1/2)/Cl(2P3/2) branching ratio of 0.53 ± 0.05 and estimate that ~19% of the observed Cl atoms result from primary dissociation on the initially accessed charge-transfer state. The data suggest that the Cl2-cyclohexane cluster has an axial-like structure following absorption of a photon. Finally, we explain the rapid nonadiabatic hop from the charge-transfer state to the neutral excited states of the diatomic in terms of coupling of the states though a one-electron change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - QUASIMOLECULES
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - ABSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 11653629; Parsons B. F. 1 Chandler D. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 49, p10544; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: QUASIMOLECULES; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou
AU  - B.
AU  - Lin
AU  - Y.
AU  - Li
AU  - H.
AU  - Huang
AU  - W.
AU  - Connell
AU  - J. W.
AU  - Allard
AU  - L. F.
AU  - Sun
AU  - Y.-P.
T1  - Absorptivity of Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Solution.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 13588
EP  - 13592
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were solubilized by attaching functional groups to the nanotube-bound carboxylic acids in the esterification and various amidation reactions. The solubility made it possible to not only characterize the functionalized SWNT samples in solution but also quantitatively measure the UV/vis/NIR absorption spectra of the samples. The nanotube contents in the soluble samples were determined in terms of NMR signal integrations in reference to internal standards and through thermal gravimetric analyses. The absorptivity results thus obtained are similar for SWNTs in the different functionalized samples. For the near-infrared absorption band corresponding to the first pair of van Hove singularities in the electronic density of states for semiconducting SWNTs, the peak absorptivity is 0.5-2.2 (mg/mL)-1 cm-1. The absorption properties of SWNTs are apparently insensitive to changes in the sample environment, such as the functionalization with significantly different groups. The effects of scattering on the accurate determination of absorptivity are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ESTERIFICATION
KW  - CARBOXYLIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 11656073; Zhou B. 1 Lin Y. 1 Li H. 1 Huang W. 1 Connell J. W. 1 Allard L. F. 1 Sun Y.-P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, Advanced Materials and Processing Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Mail Stop 226, Hampton, Virginia 23681-2199, and High-Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6062; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 49, p13588; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ESTERIFICATION; Subject Term: CARBOXYLIC acids; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snee
AU  - P. T.
AU  - Garrett-Roe
AU  - S.
AU  - Harris
AU  - C. B.
T1  - Dynamics of an Excess Electron at Metal/Polar Interfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 13608
EP  - 13615
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The low-temperature equilibrium and nonequilibrium solvation dynamics of an excess electron in bulk and at a surface interface have been characterized using mixed quantum/classical simulation methods. A methanol bath was modeled using classical molecular dynamics, whereas the properties of an excess electron were calculated from a wave function based approach. The temperature dependence of the bulk response has been found to be minimal, which may indicate that large scale hydrogen bond breaking and diffusive motion may not play important roles in the solvation dynamics. The equilibrium dynamics have also been compared to nonequilibrium simulations of charge injection into the neat bath. An excess electron at a methanol/Pt(100) surface interface has been shown to become solvated by the bath yet is less bound by a factor of ~2 compared to the bulk. The solvent response function also displays interesting differences when compared to the low temperature bulk glass. These results also reveal many of the microscopic properties of the solvated interfacial electrons that have recently been observed from ultrafast two photon photoelectron spectroscopy studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11656077; Snee P. T. 1 Garrett-Roe S. 1 Harris C. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Chemical Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 49, p13608; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LaVerne
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Tandon
AU  - L.
T1  - H2 Production in the Radiolysis of Water on UO2 and Other Oxides.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 107
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 13623
EP  - 13628
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The production of H2 in the γ-ray and 5 MeV helium ion radiolyses of water adsorbed on 0.4 and 1 μm particles of UO2 has been examined. The yields of H2 determined with respect to the total energy deposited in the oxide-water system is 0.016 molecule/100 eV, which is about the same as similarly sized CeO2 particles. Radiation chemical yields of H2 increase substantially with decreasing number of adsorbed water layers when the yield is determined with respect to the energy deposited directly by γ-rays in the water. A yield of about 40 molecules of H2 per 100 eV energy directly absorbed by four layers of water on UO2 compared to 0.45 molecule/100 eV in bulk liquid water strongly suggests that energy is being transported from the oxide through the water interface. The results with UO2 have been combined with data on ZrO2 and CeO2 to give H2 yields for a wide range of water loading. H2 is mainly produced from chemisorbed water in the γ-radiolysis of ZrO2, and its yield decreases in the presence of O2 to values comparable to those for UO2 and CeO2. The yields of H2 in the 5 MeV helium ion radiolysis of water on UO2, CeO2, and ZrO2 are similar, indicating that these materials may be suitable for estimating H2 production in transuranic waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - RADIATION chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11656079; LaVerne J. A. 1 Tandon L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 49, p13623; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: RADIATION chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berman, Gennady
AU  - Vishik, Misha
T1  - Long time evolution of quantum averages near stationary points
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/12/08/
VL  - 319
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We construct explicit expressions for quantum averages in coherent states for a Hamiltonian of degree 4 with a hyperbolic stagnation point. These expressions are valid for all times and “collapse” (i.e., become infinite) along a discrete sequence of times. We compute quantum corrections compared to classical expressions. These corrections become significant over a time period of order <f>Clog<NU>1</NU>/ℎ</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - STANDING waves
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - 03.65.-w
KW  - 42.50.-p
KW  - 74.20.-z
KW  - Coherent states
KW  - Hyperbolic point
KW  - Quantum corrections
N1  - Accession Number: 11467474; Berman, Gennady 1; Email Address: gpb@lanl.gov Vishik, Misha 2; Email Address: vishik@math.utexas.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1082, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 319 Issue 3/4, p352; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: STANDING waves; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.65.-w; Author-Supplied Keyword: 42.50.-p; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74.20.-z; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperbolic point; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum corrections; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.10.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tebbs, Robert S.
AU  - Thompson, Larry H.
AU  - Cleaver, James E.
T1  - Rescue of Xrcc1 knockout mouse embryo lethality by transgene-complementation
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2003/12/09/
VL  - 2
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1405
SN  - 15687864
AB  - Xrcc1 knockout embryos show increased DNA breakage and apoptosis in tissues of the embryo proper prior to death at embryonic day E6.5. An additional deficiency in Trp53 allows Xrcc1−/− embryos to enlarge slightly and initiate gastrulation although ultimately death is delayed by less than 24 h. Death presumably results from DNA damage that reaches toxic levels in the post-implantation mouse embryo. To investigate the level of XRCC1 protein needed for successful mouse development, we derived Xrcc1 transgene-complemented Xrcc1−/− mice that express Xrcc1 within the normal range or at a greatly reduced level (<10% normal). The greatly reduced XRCC1 protein level destabilized the XRCC1 partner protein DNA ligase III (LIG3) but still allowed for successful mouse development and healthy, fertile adults. Fibroblasts from these animals exhibited almost normal alkylation sensitivity measured by differential cytotoxicity. Thus, a large reduction of both XRCC1 and DNA ligase III has no observable effect on mouse embryogenesis and post-natal development, and no significant effect on cellular sensitivity to DNA alkylation. The presence of XRCC1, even at reduced levels of expression, is therefore capable of supporting mouse development and DNA repair. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - GASTRULATION
KW  - MICE as laboratory animals
KW  - ALKYLATION
KW  - DNA ligases
KW  - Base excision repair
KW  - base excision repair (BER)
KW  - ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)
KW  - Knockout mice
KW  - methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)
KW  - Single-strand break repair
KW  - sister chromatid exchange (SCE)
KW  - Transgene-complementation
KW  - Transgenic mice
KW  - XRCC1
N1  - Accession Number: 11464743; Tebbs, Robert S. 1; Email Address: tebbsl@llnl.gov Thompson, Larry H. 1 Cleaver, James E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L441, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA  2: Department of Dermatology, UC Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0808, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 2 Issue 12, p1405; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: GASTRULATION; Subject Term: MICE as laboratory animals; Subject Term: ALKYLATION; Subject Term: DNA ligases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Base excision repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: base excision repair (BER); Author-Supplied Keyword: ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Knockout mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: methyl methanesulfonate (MMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-strand break repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: sister chromatid exchange (SCE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Transgene-complementation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transgenic mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: XRCC1; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2003.08.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei Zhu
AU  - Xuena Wang, Eran
AU  - Yeming Ma
AU  - Rao, Manlong
AU  - Glimm, James
AU  - Kovach, John S.
T1  - Detection of cancer-specific markers amid massive mass spectral data.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2003/12/09/
VL  - 100
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 14666
EP  - 14671
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We propose a comprehensive pattern recognition procedure that will achieve best discrimination between two or more sets of subjects with data in the same coordinate system. Applying the procedure to MS data of proteomic analysis of serum from ovarian cancer patients and serum from cancer-free individuals in the Food and Drug Administration/National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomics Database, we have achieved perfect discrimination (100% sensitivity, 100% specificity) of patients with ovarian cancer, including early-stage disease, from normal controls for two independent sets of data. Our procedure identifies the best subset of proteomic biomarkers for optimal discrimination between the groups and appears to have higher discriminatory power than other methods reported to date. For large-scale screening for diseases of relatively low prevalence such as ovarian cancer, almost perfect specificity and sensitivity of the detection system is critical to avoid unmanageably high numbers of false-positive cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER -- Diagnosis
KW  - SERUM
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - OVARIAN cancer
KW  - BIOINDICATORS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12121145; Wei Zhu 1; Email Address: zhu@amd.sunsyb.edu Xuena Wang, Eran 1 Yeming Ma 2 Rao, Manlong 1 Glimm, James 1,3 Kovach, John S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794.  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.  3: Center for Data Intensive Computing, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.  4: Long Island Cancer State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794.; Source Info: 12/9/2003, Vol. 100 Issue 25, p14666; Subject Term: CANCER -- Diagnosis; Subject Term: SERUM; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Subject Term: OVARIAN cancer; Subject Term: BIOINDICATORS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.2532248100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G.L.
T1  - Analysis of five-point grids: the diamond configuration
JO  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
JF  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 144
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
SN  - 00963003
AB  - It is thought to be impossible to estimate the interaction coefficient from five measurements taken at the vertex and center points of the diamond array. Estimates of the cited coefficient can be obtained by operational equations that use polynomials, sines and cosines, exponential terms, or powers of linear expressions. Interaction coefficients estimated by these equations are compared to the true values obtained by Taylor expansions of the generating functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematics & Computation is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - Diamond array
KW  - Interaction coefficient
KW  - Interpolation
KW  - Operational equations
KW  - Rectangle array
N1  - Accession Number: 10179666; Silver, G.L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory<fn id="fn1">Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under contract no. W-7405-ENG-36.</fn>, P.O. Box 1663, MS E502, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 144 Issue 2/3, p389; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interaction coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Operational equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rectangle array; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0096-3003(02)00415-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwak, Ja Hun
AU  - Szanyi, Janos
AU  - Peden, Charles H.F.
T1  - Nonthermal plasma-assisted catalytic NO<f>x</f> reduction over Ba-Y,FAU: the effect of catalyst preparation
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 220
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 00219517
AB  - The effects of catalyst preparation on the NO<f>x</f> reduction activity of a series of Ba-Y,FAU zeolites were investigated using a simulated exhaust gas mixture. The introduction of Ba<f>2+</f> ions into Na-Y,FAU results in a large increase in their nonthermal plasma-assisted NO<f>x</f> reduction activity. The NO<f>x</f> reduction activities of Ba-Y,FAU catalysts were found to increase with increasing Ba<f>2+</f> concentration in the aqueous ion-exchange solutions, which translated into increased Ba<f>2+/</f>Na<f>+</f> ratios in the resulting materials. Consecutive ion-exchange procedures at a given Ba<f>2+</f> concentration in the aqueous solution, however, did not improve the NO<f>x</f> reduction activities of Ba-Y,FAU catalysts; i.e., the activity of the four times ion-exchanged material was the same as that of the one that was ion-exchanged only once. The reaction profiles for all of these Ba-Y,FAU catalysts were the same. In contrast, a significant increase in NO<f>x</f> reduction activity was observed when a 773 K calcination step was implemented after each solution ion exchange. The reaction profile was also altered as a result of the ion-exchange/calcination cycles. Calcination that followed each ion-exchange step seems to further increase the Ba<f>2+/</f>Na<f>+</f> ratio in the zeolite, and in turn increases the NO<f>x</f> reduction activities of the catalysts prepared this way. Key differences in Na- and Ba-Y,FAU catalysts were found in NO2 adsorption and TPD experiments. The amount of chemisorbed NO2 is about twice as high in Ba-Y,FAU than in Na-Y,FAU, and Ba-Y,FAU holds NO<f>x</f> much stronger than Na-Y,FAU. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Ba-Y
KW  - Calcination
KW  - Cation redistribution
KW  - Ion-exchange
KW  - Na-Y
KW  - NO2 adsorption
KW  - Plasma-assisted NO<f>x</f> reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 11399405; Kwak, Ja Hun 1 Szanyi, Janos; Email Address: janos.szanyi@pnl.gov Peden, Charles H.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, PO Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 220 Issue 2, p291; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ba-Y; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cation redistribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Na-Y; Author-Supplied Keyword: NO2 adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma-assisted NO<f>x</f> reduction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2003.08.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gracia, F.J.
AU  - Bollmann, L.
AU  - Wolf, E.E.
AU  - Miller, J.T.
AU  - Kropf, A.J.
T1  - In situ FTIR, EXAFS, and activity studies of the effect of crystallite size on silica-supported Pt oxidation catalysts
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 220
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 382
SN  - 00219517
AB  - The effect of crystallite size on the activity of silica-supported Pt catalysts during CO oxidation has been investigated by kinetic studies and in situ infrared (IR) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopies. Catalysts containing 2% w/w Pt on silica were prepared by two different methods, rendering catalysts with dispersion values ranging between 0.29 and 0.80. Kinetic results indicate that the turnover frequency (TOF) of CO oxidation increases with increasing particle size under O2-rich conditions, confirming that the CO oxidation reaction over Pt<f>/</f>SiO2 catalysts is structure sensitive under an oxidizing environment. This characteristic is not only related to the gas phase surrounding the supported catalyst but also to the crystallite size range analyzed. EXAFS results show the formation of completely metallic Pt particles upon reduction in H2 at 300 °C for 1 h regardless of the particle size, whereas after a subsequent oxidation pretreatment only the smallest particles are fully oxidized. At room temperature, the oxidized Pt surface does not adsorb CO, but under oxidizing conditions (1% CO, 10% O2 in He) the oxidized catalysts show activity at <f>T>100</f> °C. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicates that even this low CO concentration leads to reduction of the oxidized surface under reaction conditions. The results presented here clearly show that the active surface of Pt<f>/</f>SiO2 catalysts during CO oxidation is the metallic Pt, and that different sites on a Pt crystallite have different oxidation rates depending on its size. These results show the sensitivity of CO oxidation activity to the preparation method, pretreatment, and most significantly to the reaction atmosphere. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - SILICA
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CO oxidation
KW  - EXAFS
KW  - IR of adsorbed CO
KW  - Particle size effect
KW  - Pt<f>/</f>silica
N1  - Accession Number: 11399414; Gracia, F.J. 1 Bollmann, L. 1 Wolf, E.E. 1; Email Address: Eduardo.E.Wolf.1@nd.edu Miller, J.T. 2 Kropf, A.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  2: BP Research Center, E-1F, 150 W. Warrenville Rd., Naperville, IL 60563, USA  3: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 220 Issue 2, p382; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: EXAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: IR of adsorbed CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle size effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt<f>/</f>silica; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9517(03)00296-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Densmore, Jeffery D.
AU  - Larsen, Edward W.
T1  - Variational variance reduction for particle transport eigenvalue calculations using Monte Carlo adjoint simulation
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 192
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
SN  - 00219991
AB  - The Variational Variance Reduction (VVR) method is an effective technique for increasing the efficiency of Monte Carlo simulations [Ann. Nucl. Energy 28 (2001) 457; Nucl. Sci. Eng., in press]. This method uses a variational functional, which employs first-order estimates of forward and adjoint fluxes, to yield a second-order estimate of a desired system characteristic – which, in this paper, is the criticality eigenvalue <f>k</f>. If Monte Carlo estimates of the forward and adjoint fluxes are used, each having global “first-order” errors of <f>O(1/√ of <RCD>N</RCD>)</f>, where <f>N</f> is the number of histories used in the Monte Carlo simulation, then the statistical error in the VVR estimation of <f>k</f> will in principle be <f>O(1/N)</f>. In this paper, we develop this theoretical possibility and demonstrate with numerical examples that implementations of the VVR method for criticality problems can approximate <f>O(1/N)</f> convergence for significantly large values of <f>N</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
KW  - Adjoint simulation
KW  - CRITICALITY
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Variance reduction
KW  - Variational methods
N1  - Accession Number: 11253783; Densmore, Jeffery D. 1; Email Address: jdd@lanl.gov Larsen, Edward W. 2; Email Address: edlarsen@engin.umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Transport Methods Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 192 Issue 2, p387; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adjoint simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CRITICALITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variational methods; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.07.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lynch, V.E.
AU  - Carreras, B.A.
AU  - del-Castillo-Negrete, D.
AU  - Ferreira-Mejias, K.M.
AU  - Hicks, H.R.
T1  - Numerical methods for the solution of partial differential equations of fractional order
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 192
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 406
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Anomalous diffusion is a possible mechanism underlying plasma transport in magnetically confined plasmas. To model this transport mechanism, fractional order space derivative operators can be used. Here, the numerical properties of partial differential equations of fractional order <f>α, 1&les;α&les;2</f>, are studied. Two numerical schemes, an explicit and a semi-implicit one, are used in solving these equations. Two different discretization methods of the fractional derivative operator have also been used. The accuracy and stability of these methods are investigated for several standard types of problems involving partial differential equations of fractional order. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - Anomalous diffusion
KW  - Fractional derivatives
KW  - Partial differential equations
KW  - Plasma transport
N1  - Accession Number: 11253784; Lynch, V.E.; Email Address: lynchve@ornl.gov Carreras, B.A. 1 del-Castillo-Negrete, D. 1 Ferreira-Mejias, K.M. 1 Hicks, H.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computational Sciences and Engineering, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 8070, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 192 Issue 2, p406; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anomalous diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractional derivatives; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma transport; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.07.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cameron, Chris
T1  - Relative efficiency of Gaussian stochastic process sampling procedures
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 192
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 546
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Various methods for sampling stationary, Gaussian stochastic processes are investigated and compared with an emphasis on applications to processes with power law energy spectra. Several approaches are considered, including a Riemann summation using left endpoints, the use of random wave numbers to sample a the spectrum in proportion to the energy it contains, and a combination of the two. The Fourier-wavelet method of Elliott et al. is investigated and compared with other methods, all of which are evaluated in terms of their ability to sample the stochastic process over a large number of decades for a given computational cost. The Fourier-wavelet method has accuracy which increases linearly with the computational complexity, while the accuracy of the other methods grows logarithmically. For the Kolmogorov spectrum, a hybrid quadrature method is as efficient as the Fourier-wavelet method, if no more than eight decades of accuracy are required. The effectiveness of this hybrid method wanes when one samples fields whose energy spectrum decays more rapidly near the origin. The Fourier-wavelet method has roughly the same behavior independently of the exponent of the power law. The Fourier-wavelet method returns samples which are Gaussian over the range of values where the structure function is well approximated. By contrast, (multi-point) Gaussianity may be lost at the smaller length scales when one uses methods with random wave numbers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - WAVELETS (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11253790; Cameron, Chris 1; Email Address: ccameron@math.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics (Computing Sciences), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 192 Issue 2, p546; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: WAVELETS (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.07.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - Ma, Yemin
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
AU  - Wei Zhu
AU  - Maynard, Laurence
AU  - Telang, Frank
AU  - Vaska, Paul
AU  - Yu-Shin Ding
AU  - Wong, Christopher
AU  - Swanson, James M.
T1  - Expectation Enhances the Regional Brain Metabolic and the Reinforcing Effects of Stimulants in Cocaine Abusers.
JO  - Journal of Neuroscience
JF  - Journal of Neuroscience
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 23
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 11461
EP  - 11468
SN  - 02706474
AB  - The reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse result from the complex interaction between pharmacological effects and conditioned responses. Here we evaluate how expectation affects the response to the stimulant drug methylphenidate in 25 cocaine abusers. The effects of methylphenidate (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) on brain glucose metabolism (measured by [[sup18]F]deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography) and on its reinforcing effects (self-reports of drug effects) were evaluated in four conditions: (1) expecting placebo and receiving placebo; (2) expecting placebo and receiving methylphenidate; (3) expecting methylphenidate and receiving methylphenidate; (4) expecting methylphenidate and receiving placebo. Methylphenidate increased brain glucose metabolism, and the largest changes were in cerebellum, occipital cortex, and thalamus. The increases in metabolism were ∼50% larger when methylphenidate was expected than when it was not, and these differences were significant in cerebellum (vermis) and thalamus. In contrast, unexpected methylphenidate induced greater increases in left lateral orbitofrontal cortex than when it was expected. Methylphenidate-induced increases in self-reports of "high" were also ∼50% greater when subjects expected to receive it than when they did not and were significantly correlated with the metabolic increases in thalamus but not in cerebellum. These findings provide evidence that expectation amplifies the effects of methylphenidate in brain and its reinforcing effects. They also suggest that the thalamus, a region involved with conditioned responses, may mediate the enhancement of the reinforcing effects of methylphenidate by expectation and that the orbitofrontal cortex mediates the response to unexpected reinforcement. The enhanced cerebellar activation with expectation may reflect conditioned responses that are not linked to conscious responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Society for Neuroscience and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CEREBELLUM
KW  - EFFERENT pathways
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - DRUG addicts
KW  - STIMULANTS
KW  - addiction
KW  - cerebellum
KW  - conditioned responses
KW  - context
KW  - dopamine
KW  - FDG
KW  - imaging
KW  - reinforcement
N1  - Accession Number: 12181231; Volkow, Nora D. 1,2; Email Address: nvolkow@nida'.nih.gov Wang, Gene-Jack 1 Ma, Yemin 1 Fowler, Joanna S. 3 Wei Zhu 4 Maynard, Laurence 1 Telang, Frank 1 Vaska, Paul 1 Yu-Shin Ding 3 Wong, Christopher 1 Swanson, James M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Psychiatry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794  3: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  4: Applied Mathematics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794  5: University of California at Irvine, Child Development Center, Irvine, California 92612; Source Info: 12/10/2003, Vol. 23 Issue 36, p11461; Subject Term: CEREBELLUM; Subject Term: EFFERENT pathways; Subject Term: DOPAMINE; Subject Term: DRUG addicts; Subject Term: STIMULANTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: addiction; Author-Supplied Keyword: cerebellum; Author-Supplied Keyword: conditioned responses; Author-Supplied Keyword: context; Author-Supplied Keyword: dopamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: FDG; Author-Supplied Keyword: imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: reinforcement; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Color Photographs, 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, Michael A.
AU  - White, J. Michael
AU  - Uetsuka, Hiroshi
AU  - Onishi, Hiroshi
T1  - Photochemical Charge Transfer and Trapping at the Interface between an Organic Adlayer and an Oxide Semiconductor.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 125
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 14974
EP  - 14975
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Photocatalysis on oxides has attracted considerable attention due to ambitions of water splitting, pollutant destruction, and bacterial disinfection. These processes are catalyzed using photon-excited electron-hole pairs that perform surface-mediated redox chemistry. Little is known at the site-specific level about interfacial charge transfer and trapping because most heterogeneous photocatalyst surfaces possess a complex and poorly defined distribution of sites and the media in which typical studies are performed are inhospitable to many molecular-level probes. Studies on single-crystal oxide surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum provide new insights into molecular-level processes on oxides, with the rutile Tio[sub2] surface emerging as a protypical oxide for study of photocatalytic phenomena. In this article authors identify surface sites associated with charge transfer and trapping during photodecomposition of an organic adsorbate using scanning tunneling microscopy electron energy loss spectroscopy, and photodesorption.
KW  - PHOTOCATALYSIS
KW  - ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes
KW  - DISINFECTION & disinfectants
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges through gases
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - MASS transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 11972366; Henderson, Michael A. 1; Email Address: ma.henderson@pnl.gov White, J. Michael 2 Uetsuka, Hiroshi 3 Onishi, Hiroshi 3; Affiliation:  1: Interfacial Chemistry and Engineering Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richiand, Washington 99352.  2: Professor at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.  3: Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology KSP E-404, Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki, 213-0012 Japan.; Source Info: 12/10/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 49, p14974; Subject Term: PHOTOCATALYSIS; Subject Term: ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes; Subject Term: DISINFECTION & disinfectants; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges through gases; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: MASS transfer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mozharivskyj, Yurij
AU  - Wonyoung Choe, Yurij
AU  - Pecharsky, Alexandra O.
AU  - Miller, Gordon J.
T1  - Phase Transformation Driven by Valence Electron Concentration: Tuning Interslab Bond Distances in Gd[sub 5]Ga[sub x]Ge[sub 4-x].
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 125
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 15183
EP  - 15190
SN  - 00027863
AB  - X-ray single crystal and powder diffraction studies on the Gd[SUB5]Ga[SUBx]Ge[SUB4-x] system with 0 ≤ x ≤ 2.2 reveal dependence of interslab T-T dimer distances and crystal structures themselves on valence electron concentration (T is a mixture of Ga and Ge atoms). While the Gd[SUB5]Ga[SUBx]Ge[SUB4-x] phases with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6 and valence electron concentration of 30.4-31 e[SUP-] /formula crystallize with the Sm[SUB5]Ge[SUB4]-type structure, in which all interslab T-T dimers are broken (distances exceeding 3.4 Å), the phases with 1 ≤ x ≤ 2.2 and valence electron concentration of 28.8-30 e-/formula adopt the Pu[SUB5]Rh[SUB4]-or Gd[SUB5]Si[SUB4]e structures with T-T dimers between the slabs. An orthorhombic Pu[SUB5]Rh[SUB4]-type structure, which is intermediate between the Gd[SUB5]Si[SUB4]-and Sm[SUB5]Ge[SUB4]-type structures, has been identified for the Gd[SUB5]GaGe[SUB3] composition. Tight-binding linear-muffintin-orbital calculations show that substitution of three-valent Ga by four-valent Ge leads to larger population of the antibonding states within the dimers and, thus, to dimer stretching and eventually to dimer cleavage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - PHASE rule & equilibrium
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 11972402; Mozharivskyj, Yurij 1 Wonyoung Choe, Yurij 2 Pecharsky, Alexandra O. 1 Miller, Gordon J. 3; Email Address: gmiller@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 500110.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-418, Livermore, California 94550.  3: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 12/10/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 49, p15183; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Subject Term: PHASE rule & equilibrium; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reboredo, Fernando A.
AU  - Schwegler, Eric
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - Optically Activated Functionalization Reactions in Si Quantum Dots.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 125
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 15243
EP  - 15249
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Using ab initio calculations, we have studied the influence of optical activation on functionalization reactions of silicon quantum dots with unsaturated hydrocarbons. We find that the energy barrier for the replacement of silicon--hydrogen with silicon--carbon bonds is dramatically reduced if the silicon dot is optically excited. These results provide an explanation for recent experiments on optically excited porous silicon. In addition, our calculations point at the existence of an intermediate spin-polarized state formed by the dot and an alkene or alkyne, upon relaxation after absorbing a photon. This state could be detected experimentally, by, for example, electron spin resonance measurements. Based on the results of our calculations as a function of the dot size, varied from 0.8 to 1.5 nm, we propose that light activated reactions could be used to functionalize and size select silicon quantum dots at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - NONMETALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11972408; Reboredo, Fernando A. 1; Email Address: reboredo1@IInI.gov Schwegler, Eric 1 Galli, Giulia 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94588.; Source Info: 12/10/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 49, p15243; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: NONMETALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goodner, D.M.
AU  - Marasco, D.L.
AU  - Escuadro, A.A.
AU  - Cao, L.
AU  - Tinkham, B.P.
AU  - Bedzyk, M.J.
T1  - X-ray standing wave study of the Sr/Si(<f>0 0 1</f>)-(<f>2 × 3</f>) surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 547
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Sub-monolayer surface phases of Sr on Si(0 0 1) have been studied with low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and X-ray standing waves (XSW). A (3 × 1) phase was observed after depositing 0.6–0.8 ML Sr on room-temperature Si(0 0 1). Annealing at 750–800 °C caused a portion of the Sr to desorb and resulted in a sharp (2 × 3) LEED pattern. Normal Si(0 0 4) and off-normal Si(0 2 2) and Si(1 1 1) XSW measurements made on the (2 × 3) phase indicate that Sr atoms must sit at either cave or bridge sites. The XSW results also suggest that if a sufficiently low anneal temperature is used, the (2 × 3) phase co-exists with short-range ordered regions of Sr atoms located at valley-bridge sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Alkaline earth metals
KW  - and topography
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - X-ray standing waves
N1  - Accession Number: 11402304; Goodner, D.M. 1 Marasco, D.L. 2 Escuadro, A.A. 1 Cao, L. 1 Tinkham, B.P. 1 Bedzyk, M.J. 1,3; Email Address: bedzyk@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department and Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Northwestern University, 2220 N. Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 547 Issue 1/2, p19; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkaline earth metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray standing waves; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.09.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rose, M.K.
AU  - Borg, A.
AU  - Dunphy, J.C.
AU  - Mitsui, T.
AU  - Ogletree, D.F.
AU  - Salmeron, M.
T1  - Chemisorption and dissociation of O2 on Pd<f>(1 1 1)</f> studied by STM
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/12/10/
VL  - 547
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The adsorption and dissociation of O2 on Pd(1 1 1) at low coverage was studied in a variable temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) in the range from 25 to 210 K. Below 60 K the diffusion rate is negligible and individual molecules appear as slightly elongated 5 pm protrusions surrounded by 10 pm depressions at low bias voltage (≲200 mV). The molecules predominantly appear in three distinct orientations and closely resemble the peroxide species observed on Pt(1 1 1). A small fraction of the molecules occupy a second binding configuration at 25 K, appearing similar to the dominant species but with opposite orientations. No molecules resembling the superoxide precursor state on Pt(1 1 1) were observed. Both thermal activation and interaction with the STM tip induce rotation between the three orientations of each molecule, as well as displacement to adjacent sites and conversion between the two binding geometries. The molecules order in <f>p</f>(2 × 2) clusters, which grow in size upon annealing to 100 K. Rotational disorder is observed within the islands below 60 K, but not at higher temperature due to rapid rotation. Near 120 K, thermal O2 dissociation occurs primarily at the periphery of islands and at active sites associated with impurities beneath the Pd surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11402317; Rose, M.K. Borg, A. Dunphy, J.C. 1 Mitsui, T. 1 Ogletree, D.F. 1 Salmeron, M.; Email Address: salmeron@stm.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 547 Issue 1/2, p162; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.057
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snow, W.M.
AU  - Wilburn, W.S.
AU  - Bowman, J.D.
AU  - Leuschner, M.B.
AU  - Penttilä, S.I.
AU  - Pomeroy, V.R.
AU  - Rich, D.R.
AU  - Sharapov, E.I.
AU  - Yuan, V.W.
T1  - Progress toward a new measurement of the parity violating asymmetry in <f>n→+p→d+γ</f>
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/12/11/
VL  - 515
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A proof-of-principle experiment using unpolarized low-energy neutron capture on polyethylene and an array of 12 CsI detectors operated in current mode has been performed to test the possibility of measuring at LANSCE the parity-violating asymmetry <f>Aγ</f> in the angular distribution of <f>2.23 MeV</f> gamma rays from the <f>n→+p→d+γ</f> reaction. Results of this experiment including the current mode signal, electronic noise and detector sensitivity to magnetic fields are reported. The motivation and conceptual design for a new experiment aimed at a 10-fold improvement in the accuracy of <f>Aγ</f> are outlined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON capture
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Weak interaction and lepton aspects
N1  - Accession Number: 11467327; Snow, W.M. 1 Wilburn, W.S. 2 Bowman, J.D. 2 Leuschner, M.B. 3; Email Address: leuschner@iucf.indiana.edu Penttilä, S.I. 2 Pomeroy, V.R. 3 Rich, D.R. 1 Sharapov, E.I. 4 Yuan, V.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 38245, USA  4: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 515 Issue 3, p563; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON capture; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weak interaction and lepton aspects; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.07.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenk, H.-R.
AU  - Lutterotti, L.
AU  - Vogel, S.
T1  - Texture analysis with the new HIPPO TOF diffractometer
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/12/11/
VL  - 515
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The new neutron time-of-flight (TOF) diffractometer HIPPO (High-Pressure-Preferred Orientation) at LANSCE (Los Alamos Neutron Science Center) is described and results for quantitative texture analysis of a standard sample are discussed. HIPPO overcomes the problem of weak neutron scattering intensities by taking advantage of the improved source at LANSCE, a short flight path (9 m) and a novel three-dimensional arrangement of detector banks with 1360 3He tubes, on five conical rings with scattering angles ranging from 2θ=10° to 150°. Flux at the sample is on the order of 107 neutrons cm−2 s−1. A large sample chamber (75 cm diameter well) can accommodate ancillary equipment such as an automatic sample changer/goniometer used in this study. This instrument was used to measure the texture of a round-robin limestone standard and extract orientation distribution data from TOF diffraction spectra with different methods (Rietveld harmonic method, Rietveld direct method, automatic fitting of individual peak intensities), and the results compare favorably. Also, there is good agreement with results obtained on the same sample measured at other facilities, but with greatly reduced measuring time for HIPPO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - TIME measurements
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - GONIOMETERS
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Rietveld
KW  - Texture analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11467328; Wenk, H.-R. 1; Email Address: wenk@seismo.berkeley.edu Lutterotti, L. 1 Vogel, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lujan Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 515 Issue 3, p575; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: TIME measurements; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: GONIOMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rietveld; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture analysis; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.05.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - González, D.
AU  - Morales, J.
AU  - Cebrián, S.
AU  - García, E.
AU  - Irastorza, I.G.
AU  - Morales, A.
AU  - Ortiz de Solórzano, A.
AU  - Puimedón, J.
AU  - Sarsa, M.L.
AU  - Villar, J.A.
AU  - Aalseth, C.E.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Brodzinski, R.L.
AU  - Hensley, W.K.
AU  - Miley, H.S.
AU  - Reeves, J.H.
AU  - Kirpichnikov, I.V.
AU  - Vasenko, A.A.
AU  - Klimenko, A.A.
AU  - Osetrov, S.B.
T1  - Pulse-shape discrimination in the IGEX experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/12/11/
VL  - 515
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 634
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The IGEX experiment has been operating enriched germanium detectors in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Spain) in a search for the neutrinoless double decay of <f>76Ge</f>. The implementation of pulse-shape discrimination techniques to reduce the radioactive background is described in detail. This analysis has been applied to a fraction of the IGEX data, leading to a rejection of <f>∼60%</f> of their background, in the region of interest (from 2 to <f>2.5 MeV</f>), down to <f>∼0.09 c/keV kg yr</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - 14.60.Pq
KW  - 29.90.+r
KW  - Double-beta decay
KW  - Ge detectors
KW  - Neutrino mass
KW  - Pulse-shape discrimination
N1  - Accession Number: 11467334; González, D. 1 Morales, J. 1; Email Address: jmorales@posta.unizar.es Cebrián, S. 1 García, E. 1 Irastorza, I.G. 1 Morales, A. 1 Ortiz de Solórzano, A. 1 Puimedón, J. 1 Sarsa, M.L. 1 Villar, J.A. 1 Aalseth, C.E. 2 Avignone III, F.T. 2 Brodzinski, R.L. 3 Hensley, W.K. 3 Miley, H.S. 3 Reeves, J.H. 3 Kirpichnikov, I.V. 4 Vasenko, A.A. 4 Klimenko, A.A. 5 Osetrov, S.B. 5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain  2: University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, DC 99352, USA  4: Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117 259, Russia  5: Institute for Nuclear Research, Baksan Neutrino Observatory, Neutrino 361 609, Russia; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 515 Issue 3, p634; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.60.Pq; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.90.+r; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-beta decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ge detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse-shape discrimination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.06.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanaka, H.
AU  - Bains, B.
AU  - Bouwhuis, M.
AU  - Holt, R.
AU  - Makins, N.C.R.
AU  - Miyachi, Y.
AU  - Most, A.
AU  - Nathan, A.
AU  - Ohsuga, H.
AU  - Owen, B.R.
AU  - Shibata, T.-A.
AU  - Williamson, S.
T1  - A gain monitoring system with a Nd:YAG laser for the photomultipliers of the HERMES experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/12/11/
VL  - 515
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 725
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Gain Monitoring System (GMS) provides real-time gain monitoring of the photomultipliers of the HERMES experiment, using a Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 532 nm as the light source. The system sends light pulses via an optical fiber network to the detectors equipped with photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), as well as to an array of reference detectors. Light pulses of different intensities are obtained by rotating a wheel carrying several attenuation plates in front of the light source. This permits the monitoring of the large dynamic range of ADC signals from the detectors, as well as the linearity of the PMT responses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Calorimeter
KW  - Gain calibration
KW  - Hodoscope
KW  - Laser
N1  - Accession Number: 11467343; Tanaka, H. 1; Email Address: thide@nucl.phys.titech.ac.jp Bains, B. 2 Bouwhuis, M. 2 Holt, R. 3 Makins, N.C.R. 2 Miyachi, Y. 1 Most, A. 2 Nathan, A. 2 Ohsuga, H. 1 Owen, B.R. 2 Shibata, T.-A. 1 Williamson, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ohokayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, USA  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 515 Issue 3, p725; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gain calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hodoscope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.07.057
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Starosta, K.
AU  - Fossan, D.B.
AU  - Koike, T.
AU  - Vaman, C.
AU  - Radford, D.C.
AU  - Chiara, C.J.
T1  - Background subtraction for Doppler-shift attenuation and angular correlation measurements with multi-detector Ge arrays
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2003/12/11/
VL  - 515
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 771
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A novel background subtraction method for Doppler-shift attenuation and angular correlation measurements with large multi-detector HpGe arrays is presented. The formalism is designed for recently developed data base storage techniques with the event format resembling the original raw data structure. The background spectrum is constructed based on parameters extracted from one-dimensional spectra; the method, therefore, is complementary to currently applied methods which are designed for multi-dimensional, symmetrized histograms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATTENUATION (Physics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GERMANIUM compounds
KW  - Angular correlation measurements
KW  - Background subtraction
KW  - Doppler-shift attenuation method
KW  - Multi-detector arrays for <f>γ</f>-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11467348; Starosta, K. 1; Email Address: starosta@nscl.msu.edu Fossan, D.B. 1 Koike, T. 1 Vaman, C. 1 Radford, D.C. 2 Chiara, C.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 515 Issue 3, p771; Subject Term: ATTENUATION (Physics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GERMANIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angular correlation measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Background subtraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doppler-shift attenuation method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-detector arrays for <f>γ</f>-ray spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.07.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Dongmei
AU  - Kaczmarski, Krzysztof
AU  - Cavazzini, Alberto
AU  - Liu, Xiaoda
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Modeling of the separation of two enantiomers using a microbore column
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/12/12/
VL  - 1020
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 00219673
AB  - A microbore column packed with Chiralcel OB (cellulose tribenzoate coated silica) was used for the measurement of the single and competitive equilibrium-isotherm data of the 1-indanol enantiomers by frontal analysis. The amount of sample needed for the isotherm data acquisition was about 20 times less than that required with a conventional column. The data obtained were fitted to different single and competitive isotherm models. Both the single and the competitive data sets fitted best to the same Bilangmuir (BL) isotherm model with small differences in the numerical values of the parameters. The best fitted Bilangmuir single and competitive isotherm models were used to predict the overloaded experimental profiles of both pure enantiomers, of the racemic mixture, and of different enantiomeric mixtures. All the calculated profiles were in excellent agreement with the experimental ones. This agreement confirms that in many chiral separations, the competitive isotherms can be derived from data acquired from the mere racemic mixture with a sufficient accuracy for a correct prediction of the band profiles of all kinds of enantiomer mixtures, making possible the computer-assisted optimization of the experimental conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Silicon compounds
KW  - Enantiomers
KW  - Chirality
KW  - 1-Indanol
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Cellulose tribenzoate
KW  - Enantiomer separation
KW  - Microbore columns
N1  - Accession Number: 11173915; Zhou, Dongmei 1,2; Kaczmarski, Krzysztof 1,2; Cavazzini, Alberto 1,2; Liu, Xiaoda 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 1020 Issue 2, p199; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Silicon compounds; Subject Term: Enantiomers; Subject Term: Chirality; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1-Indanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulose tribenzoate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enantiomer separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbore columns; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.08.065
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Zhu
AU  - Yanyan, Ling
AU  - Fritz, James S.
AU  - Haddad, Paul R.
T1  - Separation of anions by ion-interaction chromatography with a novel cationic/zwitterionic eluent
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/12/12/
VL  - 1020
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Inorganic and organic anions can be separated on an ordinary silica C18 column using a mobile phase containing tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) and an aminosulfonic acid zwitterion reagent (MOPS). The pH of this eluent is close to 7 and the background conductivity is about 50 μS, which is low enough to permit anion analyte detection by direct conductivity. Linear calibration curves were obtained for the six anions studied and detection limits ranged from 0.075 to 0.15 mg/l (ppm) for the five inorganic anions. The method was applied to the determination of water-soluble anions in aerosol samples at concentrations as low as 0.3 mg/l. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ions
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Anions
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Aerosol analysis
KW  - Conductivity detection
KW  - Mobile-phase composition
KW  - Zwitterion
N1  - Accession Number: 11173920; Yan, Zhu 1; Yanyan, Ling 1; Fritz, James S. 2; Email Address: kniss@ameslab.gov; Haddad, Paul R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou 310028, PR China; 2: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 332 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA; 3: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252-75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 1020 Issue 2, p259; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Subject Term: Anions; Subject Term: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobile-phase composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zwitterion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.08.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lanman, Jason
AU  - Lam, TuKiet T.
AU  - Barnes, Stephen
AU  - Sakalian, Michael
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Prevelige Jr, Peter E.
T1  - Corrigendum to “Identification of Novel Interactions in HIV-1 Capsid Protein Assembly by High-resolution Mass Spectrometry” [J. Mol. Biol. (2003) 325, 759–772]
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2003/12/12/
VL  - 334
IS  - 5
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 1133
SN  - 00222836
N1  - Accession Number: 11469758; Lanman, Jason 1 Lam, TuKiet T. 2 Barnes, Stephen 3 Sakalian, Michael 4 Emmett, Mark R. 2,5 Marshall, Alan G. 2,5 Prevelige Jr, Peter E. 1; Email Address: prevelig@uab.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 845 19th Street South, BBRB 414, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA  3: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Mass Spectrometry Shared Facility, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0024, USA  4: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, USA  5: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32310-3706, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 334 Issue 5, p1133; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.10.046
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11469758&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krumper, J.R.
AU  - Gerisch, M.
AU  - Suh, J.M.
AU  - Bergman, R.G.
AU  - Tilley, T.D.
T1  - Monomeric Rhodium(II) Catalysts for the Preparation of Aziridines and Enantioselective Formation of Cyclopropanes from Ethyl Diazoacetate at Room Temperature.
JO  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/12/
VL  - 68
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 9705
EP  - 9710
SN  - 00223263
AB  - A family of bis(oxazoline) complexes of coordinatively unsaturated monomeric rhodium(II) (2a,b, 3a,b) are described. These complexes serve as catalysts for cyclopropanation of olefins by ethyl diazoacetate, giving excellent yields (66-94%). Enantioselectivities for the cis product isomers are good (61-84%). The reaction shows an unusual preference for formation of the cis isomers. Catalytic aziridination of N-aryl imines with ethyl diazoacetate is also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHODIUM
KW  - MONOMERS
KW  - ORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11838909; Krumper, J.R. 1 Gerisch, M. 1 Suh, J.M. 1 Bergman, R.G. 1 Tilley, T.D. 1; Email Address: bergman@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNDOS), University of California, Berkeley, California and Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 12/12/2003, Vol. 68 Issue 25, p9705; Subject Term: RHODIUM; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Subject Term: ORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elioff, Michael S.
AU  - Valentini, James J.
AU  - Chandler, David W.
T1  - Subkelvin Cooling NO Molecules via "Billiard-like"Collisions with Argon.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/12/12/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5652
M3  - Article
SP  - 1940
EP  - 1943
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report the cooling of nitric oxide using a single collision between an argon atom and a molecule of NO. We have produced significant numbers (10[sup8] to 10[sup9] molecules per cubic centimeter per quantum state) of translationally cold NO molecules in a specific quantum state with an upper-limit root mean square laboratory velocity of 15 plus or minus 1 meters per second, corresponding to a 406 plus or minus 23 millikelvin upper limit of temperature, in a crossed molecular beam apparatus. The technique, which relies on a kinematic collapse of the velocity distributions of the molecular beams for the scattering events that produce cold molecules, is general and independent of the energy of the colliding partner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - ARGON
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 11762262; Elioff, Michael S. 1 Valentini, James J. 2 Chandler, David W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  2: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.; Source Info: 12/12/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5652, p1940; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4183
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Wukitch, S.J.
AU  - Bonoli, P.T.
AU  - Mazurenko, A.
AU  - Nelson-Melby, E.
AU  - Porkolab, M.
AU  - Wright, J.C.
AU  - Hutchinson, I.H.
AU  - Marmar, E.S.
AU  - Mossessian, D.
AU  - Wolfe, S.
AU  - Phillips, C.K.
AU  - Schilling, G.
AU  - Phillips, P.
T1  - Study of Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies Mode Conversion in the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 50
EP  - 57
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - ICRF mode conversion (MC) in H(3He, D) and D(H) plasmas have been studied in detail in Alcator C-Mod. In H(3He, D) plasma, the mode converted ion cyclotron wave (MC ICW) was observed in tokamak plasmas for the first time using a phase contrast imaging system. The MC ICW was observed in the low field side of the ion-ion hybrid layer, and generally had a wavelength in-between the fast wave and the MC ion Bernstein wave (IBW). Localized mode conversion electron heating (MCEH) has been clearly observed for the first time in D(H) plasmas with moderate hydrogen concentration in Alcator C-Mod. Both on- and off-axis (high field side) MCEH have been studied. The MCEH profile was obtained from a break in slope analysis of Te signals in the presence of rf shut-off. The experimental profiles were qualitatively in agreement with the predictions of the two-dimensional full-wave poloidal mode code TORIC. The electron heating contributions from MC ICW and MC IBW are examined from the TORIC simulations. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MODULATORS (Electronics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - IONS
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
KW  - RADIO frequency
N1  - Accession Number: 11743830; Lin, Y. 1 Wukitch, S.J. 1 Bonoli, P.T. 1 Mazurenko, A. 1 Nelson-Melby, E. 1 Porkolab, M. 1 Wright, J.C. 1 Hutchinson, I.H. 1 Marmar, E.S. 1 Mossessian, D. 1 Wolfe, S. 1 Phillips, C.K. 2 Schilling, G. 2 Phillips, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: MIT, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ USA  3: Fusion Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p50; Subject Term: MODULATORS (Electronics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637995
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cesario, R.
AU  - Cardinali, A.
AU  - Castaldo, C.
AU  - Marinucci, M.
AU  - Ravera, G.
AU  - Bernabei, S.
AU  - Giovannozzi, E.
AU  - Leigheb, M.
AU  - Paoletti, F.
AU  - Pericoli-Ridolfini, V.
AU  - Zonca, F.
AU  - Aruzzese, G.
AU  - De Angelis, R.
AU  - Gabellieri, L.
AU  - Kroegler, H.
AU  - Mazzitelli, G.
AU  - Micozzi, P.
T1  - Local Improvement Confinement in the Ion Bernstein (IBW) Experiment on FTU (Frascati Tokamak Upgrade).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 81
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - New experiments with the ion Bernstein waves (IBW) has been performed on FTU both in Hydrogen (H) and Deuterium (D) majority plasmas, at higher radio-frequency power level, plasma density, current, lower effective ion charge than in previous campaign of 1999. Also in these conditions, no role is played by non-linear edge physics, which prevented, instead, the RF penetration in the plasma bulk of DIII-D. With resonant toroidal magnetic field (≈8T), improved confinement occurs inside a radial region of 1/3 of the minor radius operating in H-plasma, and 2/3 of the minor radius operating in D-majority plasma. Such behavior is consistent with the model of turbulence suppression by locally-induced-IBW-sheared flow expected to occur close the resonant layer. The FTU results provide support for active control of the pressure profile by IBW which is of relevance for advanced tokamaks . © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 11743827; Cesario, R. 1 Cardinali, A. 1 Castaldo, C. 1 Marinucci, M. 1 Ravera, G. 1 Bernabei, S. 2 Giovannozzi, E. 1 Leigheb, M. 1 Paoletti, F. 2 Pericoli-Ridolfini, V. 1 Zonca, F. 1 Aruzzese, G. 1 De Angelis, R. 1 Gabellieri, L. 1 Kroegler, H. 1 Mazzitelli, G. 1 Micozzi, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla Fusione, Centro Ricerche Frascati, Rome, Italy  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p74; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637998
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Durodié, F.
AU  - Agarici, G.
AU  - Amarante, G.
AU  - Baity, F.W.
AU  - Beaumont, B.
AU  - Brémond, S.
AU  - Chappuis, P.
AU  - Damiani, C.
AU  - Fanthome, J.
AU  - Goulding, R.H.
AU  - Hosea, J.
AU  - Jones, G.H.
AU  - Kaye, A.
AU  - Lamalle, P.U.
AU  - Loesser, G.D.
AU  - Lorenz, A.
AU  - Mead, M.
AU  - Messineo, M.A.
AU  - Monakhov, I.
T1  - The ITER-like ICRH Launcher Project For JET.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
EP  - 101
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The paper reports on the status of the JET ITER-Like ICRF Antenna project and highlights main challenges that have come up during its design phase. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTENNA arrays
KW  - ENGINEERING design
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - CAPACITORS
N1  - Accession Number: 11743822; Durodié, F. 1 Agarici, G. 2 Amarante, G. 1 Baity, F.W. 3 Beaumont, B. 2 Brémond, S. 2 Chappuis, P. 2 Damiani, C. 4 Fanthome, J. 5 Goulding, R.H. 3 Hosea, J. 6 Jones, G.H. 6 Kaye, A. 5 Lamalle, P.U. 1 Loesser, G.D. 6 Lorenz, A. 4 Mead, M. 5 Messineo, M.A. 6 Monakhov, I. 5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Association EURATOM-Belgian State, TEC, Royal Military Academy, Belgium  2: Association EURATOM-CEA, CEA/Cadarache, France  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  4: EFDA-JET Close Support Unit, Culham Science Centre, UK  5: UKAEA/EURATOM Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, UK  6: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p98; Subject Term: ANTENNA arrays; Subject Term: ENGINEERING design; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743822&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goulding, R.H.
AU  - Baity, F.W.
AU  - Durodié, F.
AU  - Fadnek, A.
AU  - Hosea, J.C.
AU  - Jones, G.H.
AU  - Loesser, G.D.
AU  - Nelson, B.E.
AU  - Rasmussen, D.A.
AU  - Ryan, P.M.
AU  - Sparks, D.O.
AU  - Swain, D.W.
AU  - Walton, R.
T1  - Initial operation of the JET ITER-like High-Power Prototype ICRF Antenna.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
EP  - 105
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Fabrication and assembly of a High Power Prototype (HPP) of the JET ITER-like Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) launcher have been completed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and high power tests have begun. The HPP consists of one quadrant of the full 7.5 MW antenna (1). The prototype is the product of a collaboration between ORNL, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, and EFDA-JET/UKAEA. Internal matching capacitors are utilized in a circuit that maintains a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) at the input < 1.5 over a factor of ten range in resistive loading. Short (.05 s) pulses have achieved > 45 kV peak voltage at the internal matching capacitors, which is greater than the original design voltage. High power pulses up to 2s have been run. Diagnostics include thermocouples, voltage probes at the capacitors and along the integral λ/4 matching transformer, and an optical temperature sensor for in-situ measurements of capacitor temperatures. Low power measurements of electrical characteristics of the antenna have been made and compared with a 3-D electromagnetic model. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL devices
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - THERMOCOUPLES
N1  - Accession Number: 11743821; Goulding, R.H. 1 Baity, F.W. 1 Durodié, F. 2 Fadnek, A. 1 Hosea, J.C. 3 Jones, G.H. 1 Loesser, G.D. 3 Nelson, B.E. 1 Rasmussen, D.A. 1 Ryan, P.M. 1 Sparks, D.O. 1 Swain, D.W. 1 Walton, R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Association EURATOM-Belgium State, TEC, Royal Military Academy, Belgium  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA  4: UKAEA/EURATOM Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, U.K.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p102; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL devices; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: THERMOCOUPLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743821&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lamalle, P.U.
AU  - Durodié, F.
AU  - Goulding, R.H.
AU  - Monakhov, I.
AU  - Nightingale, M.
AU  - Walden, A.
AU  - Wouters, P.
T1  - Radio-frequency matching studies for the JET ITER-Like ICRF system.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 121
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The transmisssion and matching system of the JET ITER-Like ICRF antenna includes specific design features, contributing to tolerance of the generators to large (dominantly) resistive increases in loading, and to be tested on JET in ITER-relevant ELMy H mode conditions for the first time. Beside the “conjugate-T” circuit, internally matching the launcher to a very low reference impedance, an original adjustable wideband transformer has been designed for compatibility with various ancillary functions. Optional 3dB splitters provide futher generator isolation. The paper discusses design choices leading to the final layout and briefly presents the simulated performance of the system. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTENNA arrays
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - RADIO transmitters & transmission
KW  - ELECTRIC circuits
KW  - PULSE transformers
KW  - ENGINEERING design
N1  - Accession Number: 11743817; Lamalle, P.U. 1 Durodié, F. 1 Goulding, R.H. 2 Monakhov, I. 3 Nightingale, M. 3 Walden, A. 1 Wouters, P.; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Association EURATOM-Belgian State, TEC, Royal Military Academy, Belgium  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  3: UKAEA/EURATOM Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, UK; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p118; Subject Term: ANTENNA arrays; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: RADIO transmitters & transmission; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuits; Subject Term: PULSE transformers; Subject Term: ENGINEERING design; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743817&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lamalle, P.U.
AU  - Durodié, F.
AU  - Whitehurst, A.
AU  - Goulding, R.H.
AU  - Ryan, P.M.
T1  - Three-dimensional electromagnetic modelling of the JET ITER-Like ICRF antenna.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
EP  - 125
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - During its design phase, the JET ITER-Like ICRF antenna array has been modeled in great detail with the 3D electromagnetic software CST MICROWAVE STUDIO®. The resulting rf field and current density patterns have guided the optimization of the antenna feeder shapes, leading overall to a strong reduction (∼25%) of the maximum electric field, and to a factor-of-three reduction of the inhomogeneity of rf current at the matching capacitors. The computed frequency response of the array is now used in matching studies and development of a control algorithm. Comparison with the experimental frequency response of the High Power antenna Prototype developed by ORNL and PPPL shows fair agreement. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTENNA arrays
KW  - ENGINEERING design
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 11743816; Lamalle, P.U. 1 Durodié, F. 1 Whitehurst, A. 2 Goulding, R.H. 3 Ryan, P.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Association EURATOM-Belgian State, TEC, Royal Military Academy, Belgium  2: UKAE/EURATOM Fusion Association, CUlham Science Centre, U.K.  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p122; Subject Term: ANTENNA arrays; Subject Term: ENGINEERING design; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743816&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Porkolab, M.
AU  - Bonoli, P.T.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Wukitch, S.J.
AU  - Fiore, C.
AU  - Hubbard, A.
AU  - Irby, J.
AU  - Lin, L.
AU  - Marmar, E.
AU  - Parker, R.
AU  - Rice, J.
AU  - Schilling, G.
AU  - Wilson, J.R.
AU  - Wolfe, S.
AU  - Yuh, H.
AU  - Zhurovich, K.
T1  - Optimized AT Target Plasma Studies in Alcator C-Mod with Ip-Ramp and Intense ICRH.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 165
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Exploratory experiments have been carried out in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak to develop target plasmas for the upcoming lower-hybrid current drive experiments (LHCD). The goal was to establish reversed shear plasmas with intense ICRF heating early in the current ramp-up phase so as to delay the current diffusion as long as possible while establishing multi-keV electron temperatures, suitable for single pass absorption of lower hybrid waves. The ICRF power was injected from 3 antennas in several different configurations, namely: (1) simultaneous central and low field side off-axis heating; (2) central and high field side off-axis heating; and (3) maximum RF power in the central minority heating mode. Suitable target plasmas for future LHCD have been established and are described below. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - MODULATORS (Electronics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - HEATING
KW  - PLASMA diffusion
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 11743806; Porkolab, M. 1 Bonoli, P.T. 1 Lin, Y. 1 Wukitch, S.J. 1 Fiore, C. 1 Hubbard, A. 1 Irby, J. 1 Lin, L. 1 Marmar, E. 1 Parker, R. 1 Rice, J. 1 Schilling, G. 2 Wilson, J.R. 2 Wolfe, S. 1 Yuh, H. 1 Zhurovich, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: MIT, Plasma Science and Fusion Center Cambridge, MA, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p162; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: MODULATORS (Electronics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: PLASMA diffusion; Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638019
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743806&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wukitch, S.J.
AU  - Bonoli, P.T.
AU  - Fiore, C.
AU  - Hutchinson, I.H.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Marmar, E.
AU  - Parisot, A.
AU  - Porkolab, M.
AU  - Rice, J.
AU  - Schilling, G.
T1  - Overview of Alcator C-Mod ICRF Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 184
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In C-Mod, internal transport barriers (ITB) have been formed in both ohmic and off-axis ICRF discharges. With ∼0.6 MW of central ICRF, the density and impurity peaking is controlled and allows the ITB to be maintained for the duration of the ICRF. Mode conversion in both D(H) and H(3He,D) has been investigated and the first measurement of D(H) mode conversion has been recently reported. A four-strap ICRF antenna has been shown to operate at high power density in heating phasing. Modifications have reduced the RF electric fields parallel to the magnetic field and shielded the BN-metal interfaces from the plasma. Voltage and power limitations were observed in the two dipole antennas and arc damage was found again where E ∥ B. Modifications have been completed and the initial antenna performance is presented. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MODULATORS (Electronics)
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - ANTENNA arrays
KW  - HEATING -- Research
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 11743802; Wukitch, S.J. 1 Bonoli, P.T. 1 Fiore, C. 1 Hutchinson, I.H. 1 Lin, Y. 1 Marmar, E. 1 Parisot, A. 1 Porkolab, M. 1 Rice, J. 1 Schilling, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: MIT, Plasma Science and Fusion Center Cambridge, MA, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p178; Subject Term: MODULATORS (Electronics); Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: ANTENNA arrays; Subject Term: HEATING -- Research; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743802&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenberg, A.L.
AU  - Menard, J.E.
AU  - Wilson, J.R.
AU  - Medley, S.
AU  - Phillips, C.K.
AU  - Andre, R.
AU  - Darrow, D.S.
AU  - Dumont, R.J.
AU  - LeBlanc, B.P.
AU  - Redi, M.H.
AU  - Mau, T.K.
AU  - Jaeger, E.F.
AU  - Ryan, P.M.
AU  - Swain, D.w.
AU  - Harvey, R.W.
AU  - Egedal, J.
T1  - Characterization of Fast Ion Absorption of the High Harmonic Fast Wave in the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 192
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Ion absorption of the high harmonic fast wave in a spherical torus is of critical importance to assessing the viability of the wave as a means of heating and driving current. Analysis of recent NSTX shots has revealed that under some conditions when neutral beam and RF power are injected into the plasma simultaneously, a fast ion population with energy above the beam injection energy is sustained by the wave. In agreement with modeling, these experiments find the RF-induced fast ion tail strength and neutron rate at lower B-fields to be less enhanced, likely due to a larger β profile, which promotes greater off-axis absorption where the fast ion population is small. Ion loss codes find the increased loss fraction with decreased B insufficient to account for the changes in tail strength, providing further evidence that this is an RF interaction effect. Though greater ion absorption is predicted with lower k∥, surprisingly little variation in the tail was observed, along with a small neutron rate enhancement with higher k∥. Data from the neutral particle analyzer, neutron detectors, x-ray crystal spectrometer, and Thomson scattering is presented, along with results from the TRANSP transport analysis code, ray-tracing codes HPRT and CURRAY, full-wave code and AORSA, quasi-linear code CQL3D, and ion loss codes EIGOL and CONBEAM. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - PLASMA heating
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11743801; Rosenberg, A.L. Menard, J.E. Wilson, J.R. Medley, S. Phillips, C.K. Andre, R. Darrow, D.S. Dumont, R.J. LeBlanc, B.P. Redi, M.H. 1 Mau, T.K. 2 Jaeger, E.F. Ryan, P.M. Swain, D.w. 3 Harvey, R.W. 4 Egedal, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ  2: University of California at San Diego, CA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge  4: CompX, Del Mar, CA  5: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p185; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: PLASMA heating; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743801&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biewer, T.M.
AU  - Bell, R.E.
AU  - Darrow, D.S.
AU  - Wilson, J.R.
T1  - Observations of Anisotropic Ion Temperature during RF Heating in the NSTX Edge.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 196
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new spectroscopic diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) measures the velocity distribution of ions in the plasma edge with both poloidal and toroidal views. An anisotropic ion temperature is measured during the presence of high power HHFW RF heating in He plasmas, with the poloidal Ti roughly twice the toroidal Ti. Moreover, the measured spectral distribution suggests that two populations have temperatures of 500 eV and 50 eV with rotation velocities of -50 km/s and -10 km/s, respectively. This bi-modal distribution is observed in both the toroidal and poloidal views (in both He II and C III ions), and is well correlated with the period of RF power application to the plasma. The temperature of the edge ions is observed to increase with the applied RF power, which was scanned between 0 and 4.3 MW. The ion heating mechanism from HHFW RF power has not yet been identified. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SPECTROSCOPIC imaging
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - HEATING
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 11743800; Biewer, T.M. 1 Bell, R.E. 1 Darrow, D.S. 1 Wilson, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p193; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SPECTROSCOPIC imaging; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638025
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743800&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LeBlanc, B.P.
AU  - Bell, R.E.
AU  - Bernabei, S.I.
AU  - Indireshkumar, K.
AU  - Kaye, S.K.
AU  - Maingi, R.
AU  - Mau, T.K.
AU  - Swain, D.W.
AU  - Taylor, G.
AU  - Ryan, P.M.
AU  - Wilgen, J.B.
AU  - Wilson, J.R.
T1  - High-Harmonic Fast-Wave Driven H-Mode Plasmas in NSTX.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 204
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The launch of High-Harmonic Fast Waves (HHFW) routinely provides auxiliary power to NSTX plasmas, where it is used to heat electrons and pursue drive current. H-mode transitions have been observed in deuterium discharges, where only HHFW and ohmic heating, and no neutral beam injection (NBI), were applied to the plasma. The usual H-mode signatures are observed. A drop of the Dα light marks the start of a stored energy increase, which can double the energy content. These H-mode plasmas also have the expected kinetic profile signatures with steep edge density and electron temperature pedestal. Similar to its NBI driven counterpart — also observed on NSTX — the HHFW H mode has density profiles that feature “ears” in the peripheral region. These plasmas are likely candidates for long pulse operation because of the combination of bootstrap current, associated with H-mode kinetic profiles, and active current drive, which can be generated with HHFW power. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - HEATING
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 11743798; LeBlanc, B.P. 1 Bell, R.E. 1 Bernabei, S.I. 1 Indireshkumar, K. 1 Kaye, S.K. 1 Maingi, R. 2 Mau, T.K. 3 Swain, D.W. 2 Taylor, G. 1 Ryan, P.M. 2 Wilgen, J.B. 2 Wilson, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey  2: Oak Ridge national Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  3: UCSD, San Diego, California; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p201; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743798&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryan, P.M.
AU  - Swain, D.W.
AU  - Wilson, J.R.
AU  - Hosea, J.C.
AU  - LeBlanc, B.P.
AU  - Bernabei, S.
AU  - Bonoli, P.
AU  - Carter, M.D.
AU  - Jaeger, E.F.
AU  - Kaye, S.
AU  - Mau, T.K.
AU  - Phillips, C.K.
AU  - Rasmussen, D.A.
AU  - Wilgen, J.B.
T1  - High Harmonic Fast Wave Current Drive Experiments on NSTX.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 212
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Phased-array experiments were performed with the 30-MHz, 12-element HHFW antenna array on NSTX for rf powers in the 2–4.5 MW range. Relative phase shift of the array was scanned from π/6 to π/2 to create kz spectral peaks between 3 and 7.6 m-1; it was also possible to switch from π/2 to π/4 phasing during a shot. Typical plasma parameters were Ip ∼ 0.5 MA, BT ∼ 0.45 T, and ne(0) ∼ 1-3×1019 m-3, and Te(0) ∼ 1-3 keV. Electron heating was observed even at the highest wave phase velocities, reaching 1.3 keV with 2.2 MW at -π/6 phasing and 2.7 keV with 2.9 MW at -π/3. Lower plasma loading and higher central heating efficiency are observed for counter-CD phasing. MSE measurement of the current profile is not yet available; therefore, the rf-driven portion of the plasma current is calculated from the difference in loop voltage between co- and counter-CD phasing. The normalized current drive efficiency for kz = 7.6 m-1 is γ∼ 0.035×1019 A•W-1•m-2 for both D and He plasmas. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASED array antennas
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - PHASE shift (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRAL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - HEATING
N1  - Accession Number: 11743796; Ryan, P.M. 1 Swain, D.W. 1 Wilson, J.R. 2 Hosea, J.C. 2 LeBlanc, B.P. 2 Bernabei, S. 2 Bonoli, P. 3 Carter, M.D. 1 Jaeger, E.F. 1 Kaye, S. 2 Mau, T.K. 4 Phillips, C.K. 2 Rasmussen, D.A. 1 Wilgen, J.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology  4: University of California-San Diego; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p209; Subject Term: PHASED array antennas; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: PHASE shift (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRAL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: HEATING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638029
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743796&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spaleta, J.
AU  - Majeski, R.
AU  - Phillips, C.K.
AU  - Dumont, R.J.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V.
AU  - Zakharov, Z.
T1  - Investigations of Low and Moderate Harmonic Fast Wave Physics on CDX-U.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 218
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Third harmonic hydrogen cyclotron fast wave heating studies are planned in the near term on CDX-U to investigate the potential for bulk ion heating. In preparation for these studies, the available RF power in CDX-U has been increased to 0.5 MW. The operating frequency of the CDX-U RF transmitter was lowered to operate in the range of 8 – 10 MHz, providing access to the ion harmonic range 2Ω ∼ 4Ω in hydrogen. A similar regime is accessible for the 30 MHz RF system on NSTX, at 0.6 Tesla in hydrogen. Preliminary computational studies over the plasma regimes of interest for NSTX and CDX-U indicate the possibility of strong localized absorption on bulk ion species. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEATING
KW  - IONS
KW  - CYCLOTRON waves
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11743795; Spaleta, J. 1 Majeski, R. 1 Phillips, C.K. 1,2 Dumont, R.J. 1 Kaita, R. 1 Soukhanovskii, V. 1 Zakharov, Z.; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ  2: Association Euratom-CEA sure ka Fusion Contrôlee, France; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p213; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON waves; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638030
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743795&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, J.R.
AU  - Bernabei, S.
AU  - Fredd, E.
AU  - Greenough, N.
AU  - Hosea, J.C.
AU  - Kung, C.C.
AU  - Loesser, G.D.
T1  - Construction, Calibration and Testing of a Multi-Waveguide Array for the Application of LHCD on Alcator C-MOD.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
EP  - 288
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A collaborative project between MIT and Princeton has been undertaken to fabricate a high power system for application of lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) on the Alcator C-MOD device. The ultimate goal of the project is to have the ability to apply up to 3 MW of 4.6 GHz rf power to drive current for the study of advanced tokamak operation on C-MOD. As part of the PPPL portion of the collaboration a high power wave-guide launching array has been designed and constructed to support 1.5 MW application to the plasma based on previous experimental power limits (and possibly supporting 2 MW application with advanced conditioning). In this paper we will describe the construction, calibration and testing techniques utilized and the results obtained during the construction phase. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA waveguides
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - HYBRID power systems
N1  - Accession Number: 11743781; Wilson, J.R. 1 Bernabei, S. 1 Fredd, E. 1 Greenough, N. 1 Hosea, J.C. 1 Kung, C.C. 1 Loesser, G.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, NJ, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p283; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA waveguides; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: HYBRID power systems; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743781&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prater, R.
AU  - Petty, C.C.
AU  - Luce, T.C.
AU  - Harvey, R.W.
AU  - Choi, M.
AU  - La Haye, R.J.
AU  - Lin-Liu, Y.-R.
AU  - Lohr, J.
AU  - Murakami, M.
AU  - Wade, M.R.
AU  - Wong, K.-L.
T1  - Electron Cyclotron Current Drive in DIII-D: Experiment and Theory.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
EP  - 312
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Experiments on the DIII-D tokamak in which the measured off-axis electron cyclotron current drive has been compared systematically to theory over a broad range of parameters have shown that the Fokker-Planck code CQL3D provides an excellent model of the relevant current drive physics. This physics understanding has been critical in optimizing the application of ECCD to high performance discharges, supporting such applications as suppression of neoclassical tearing modes and control and sustainment of the current profile. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - FOKKER-Planck equation
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
N1  - Accession Number: 11743778; Prater, R. 1 Petty, C.C. 1 Luce, T.C. 1 Harvey, R.W. 2 Choi, M. 1 La Haye, R.J. 1 Lin-Liu, Y.-R. 1 Lohr, J. 1 Murakami, M. 3 Wade, M.R. 3 Wong, K.-L. 4; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, San Diego, California  2: CompX, Del Mar, California  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  4: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p305; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: FOKKER-Planck equation; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638047
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743778&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - deGrassie, J.S.
AU  - Burrell, K.H.
AU  - Baker, D.R.
AU  - Baylor, L.R.
AU  - Lohr, J.
AU  - Pinsker, R.I.
AU  - Prater, R.
T1  - Toroidal Rotation in ECH H-modes in DIII-D.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 316
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In ECH H-mode discharges with essentially no toroidal momentum input, counter toroidal rotation is measured in the interior, ρ < 0.5, while co rotation is measured outside this region. This is contrasted with Ohmic H-modes where the rotation is everywhere in the co direction. A simple parameterization is suggested to facilitate comparison between machines. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - HEATING
KW  - TOROIDAL harmonics
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11743777; deGrassie, J.S. 1 Burrell, K.H. 1 Baker, D.R. 1 Baylor, L.R. 2 Lohr, J. 1 Pinsker, R.I. 1 Prater, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, San Diego, California  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p313; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: TOROIDAL harmonics; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638048
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743777&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lohr, J.
AU  - Callis, R.W.
AU  - Doane, J.L.
AU  - Ellis, R.A.
AU  - Gorelov, Y.A.
AU  - Kajiwara, K.
AU  - Ponce, D.
AU  - Prater, R.
T1  - The 110 GHz Microwave Heating System on the DIII-D Tokamak.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 339
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Six 110 GHz gyrotrons in the 1 MW class are operational on DIII-D. Source power is >4.0 MW for pulse lengths ≤2.1 s and ∼2.8 MW for 5.0 s. The rf beams can be steered poloidally across the tokamak upper half plane at off-perpendicular injection angles in the toroidal direction up to ±20°. Measured transmission line loss is about -1 dB for the longest line, which is 92 m long with 11 miter bends. Coupling efficiency into the waveguide is ∼93% for the Gaussian rf beams. The transmission lines are evacuated and windowless except for the gyrotron output window and include flexible control of the elliptical polarization of the injected rf beam with remote controlled grooved mirrors in two of the miter bends on each line. The injected power can be modulated according to a predetermined program or controlled by the DIII-D plasma control system using real time feedback based on diagnostic signals obtained during the plasma pulse. Three gyrotrons have operated at 1.0 MW output power for 5.0 s. Peak central temperatures of the artificially grown diamond gyrotron output windows are <180°C at equilibrium. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROWAVE heating
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - GYROTRONS
KW  - MICROWAVE transmission lines
KW  - PLASMA waveguides
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 11743772; Lohr, J. 1 Callis, R.W. 1 Doane, J.L. 1 Ellis, R.A. 2 Gorelov, Y.A. 1 Kajiwara, K. 3 Ponce, D. 1 Prater, R.; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, San Diego, California  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey  3: ORISE, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p335; Subject Term: MICROWAVE heating; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: GYROTRONS; Subject Term: MICROWAVE transmission lines; Subject Term: PLASMA waveguides; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638053
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743772&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petty, C.C.
AU  - La Haye, R.J.
AU  - Luce, T.C.
AU  - Austin, M.E.
AU  - Harvey, R.W.
AU  - Humphreys, D.A.
AU  - Lohr, J.
AU  - Prater, R.
AU  - Wade, M.R.
T1  - Complete Suppression of the m=2/n=1 NTM Using ECCD on DIII-D.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 348
EP  - 351
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Complete suppression of the m=2/n=1 neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) is reported for the first time using electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) to noninductively generate current at the radius of the island O-point. Experiments on the DIII-D tokamak show that the maximum shrinkage of the m=2/n=1 island amplitude occurs when the ECCD location coincides with the q=2 surface. Estimates of the ECCD radial profile width from the island shrinkage are consistent with ray tracing calculations but may allow for a factor-of-1.5 broadening from electron radial transport. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - AMPLITUDE modulation
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - ELECTRON transport
N1  - Accession Number: 11743769; Petty, C.C. 1 La Haye, R.J. 1 Luce, T.C. 1 Austin, M.E. 2 Harvey, R.W. 3 Humphreys, D.A. 1 Lohr, J. 1 Prater, R. 1 Wade, M.R. 4; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, San Diego, California  2: University of Texas, Austin, Texas  3: CompX, Del Mar, California  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p348; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: AMPLITUDE modulation; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638056
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743769&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, J.K.
AU  - Cengher, M.
AU  - Chattopadhyay, P.K.
AU  - Forest, C.B.
AU  - Carter, M.
AU  - Harvey, R.W.
AU  - Pinsker, R.I.
AU  - Smirnov, A.P.
T1  - Electron Bernstein Wave Experiments in the MST Reversed Field Pinch.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 371
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A system to heat electrons in the Madison Symmetric Torus through the electron Bernstein wave is currently being developed. This is an attractive heating scheme for the overdense reversed field pinch plasma, where electron cyclotron heating and current drive are inaccessible. Low power experiments (∼ 1 watt) have shown that a significant fraction of launched electromagnetic power successfully couples to the electron Bernstein wave. Furthermore, these experiments have found an optimized launch with finite n⊥. Initial results from experiments at moderate power (∼ 150 kW for several milliseconds, driven by a pair of S-band traveling wave tube amplifiers) are presented. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HEATING
KW  - REVERSED field pinches
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 11743766; Anderson, J.K. 1 Cengher, M. 1 Chattopadhyay, P.K. 1 Forest, C.B. 1 Carter, M. 2 Harvey, R.W. 3 Pinsker, R.I. 4 Smirnov, A.P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  3: CompX, Del Mar, California, USA  4: General Atomics, San Diego, California, USA  5: Moscow State University, Moscow, RUSSIA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p367; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: REVERSED field pinches; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638059
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743766&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carter, M.D.
AU  - Rasmussen, D.A.
AU  - Bell, G.L.
AU  - Bigelow, T.S.
AU  - Wilgen, J.B.
T1  - Electron Bernstein Wave Applications for Stellarators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
EP  - 375
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Electron Bernstein Waves (EBW) provide a mechanism to heat electrons in over-dense plasma using microwave sources. The mode conversion between ordinary or extra-ordinary waves and EBW depends on density gradients in the plasma edge, the angle of incidence, and the polarization of the incoming waves. General considerations for the efficiency of mode conversion to EBW in stellarator geometries are discussed. For cold, dense edge-plasma conditions, Coulomb collisions can cause parasitic absorption in the initial propagation region of the EBW, but collisional damping should not be a problem for the sharp edge gradients and temperatures >= 50 eV in the Quasi-Poloidal Stellarator (QPS). Scenarios for using fixed launch angles with polarization optimization to maximize transmission during the density evolution in QPS are possible. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - MICROWAVE heating
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MICROWAVE devices
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 11743765; Carter, M.D. 1 Rasmussen, D.A. 1 Bell, G.L. 1 Bigelow, T.S. 1 Wilgen, J.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p372; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: MICROWAVE heating; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MICROWAVE devices; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743765&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinsker, R.I.
AU  - Taylor, G.
AU  - Efthimion, P.C.
T1  - Modeling of EBW Coupling with Waveguide Launchers for NSTX.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 384
EP  - 387
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The theory originally developed for the MST EBW waveguide coupling experiments is used to model coupling to the EBW in the National Spherical Torus eXperiment (NSTX). © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA waveguides
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - MAGNETIC couplings
KW  - SURFACE energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11743762; Pinsker, R.I. 1 Taylor, G. 2 Efthimion, P.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, San Diego, California  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p384; Subject Term: PLASMA waveguides; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: MAGNETIC couplings; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638063
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743762&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, G.
AU  - Efthimion, P.C.
AU  - Jones, B.
AU  - Bell, G.L.
AU  - Bers, A.
AU  - Bigelow, T.S.
AU  - Carter, M.D.
AU  - Harvey, R.W.
AU  - Ram, A.K.
AU  - Rasmussen, D.A.
AU  - Smirnov, A.P.
AU  - Wilgen, J.B.
AU  - Wilson, J.R.
T1  - Electron Bernstein Wave Research on NSTX and CDX-U.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
EP  - 402
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Studies of thermally emitted electron Bernstein waves (EBWs) on CDX-U and NSTX, via mode conversion (MC) to electromagnetic radiation, support the use of EBWs to measure the Te profile and provide local electron heating and current drive (CD) in overdense spherical torus plasmas. An X-mode antenna with radially adjustable limiters successfully controlled EBW MC on CDX-U and enhanced MC efficiency to ∼ 100%. So far the X-mode MC efficiency on NSTX has been increased by a similar technique to 40–50% and future experiments are focused on achieving >= 80% MC. MC efficiencies on both machines agree well with theoretical predictions. Ray tracing and Fokker-Planck modeling for NSTX equilibria are being conducted to support the design of a 3 MW, 15 GHz EBW heating and CD system for NSTX to assist non-inductive plasma startup, current ramp up, and to provide local electron heating and CD in high β NSTX plasmas. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HEATING
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FOKKER-Planck equation
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11743759; Taylor, G. 1 Efthimion, P.C. 1 Jones, B. 2 Bell, G.L. 3 Bers, A. 4 Bigelow, T.S. 3 Carter, M.D. 3 Harvey, R.W. 5 Ram, A.K. 4 Rasmussen, D.A. 3 Smirnov, A.P. 6 Wilgen, J.B. 3 Wilson, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA  2: Sandia Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  4: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, USA  5: CompX, Del Mar, CA, USA  6: Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p396; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FOKKER-Planck equation; Subject Term: RADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743759&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Squire, Jared P.
AU  - Chang-Diaz, Franklin R.
AU  - Jacobson, Verlin T.
AU  - Glover, Tim W.
AU  - Baity, F. Wally
AU  - Carter, Mark D.
AU  - Goulding, Richard H.
AU  - Bengtson, Roger D.
AU  - Berling III, Edgar A.
T1  - Investigation of a Light Gas Helicon Plasma Source for the VASIMR Space Propulsion System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
EP  - 426
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An efficient plasma source producing a high-density (∼1019 m-3) light gas (e.g. H, D, or He) flowing plasma with a high degree of ionization is a critical component of the Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket (VASIMR) concept. The high degree of ionization and a low neutral background pressure are important to eliminate the problem of radial loss and axial drag due to charge exchange. We have performed parametric (e.g. gas flow, power (0.5 – 3 kW), and magnetic field studies of a helicon operating with gas (D2 or He) injected at one end, with a high magnetic mirror downstream of the antenna. The downstream mirror field has little effect on the exhaust flux up to a mirror ratio of 10. We have explored operation with a cusp and a mirror field upstream. The application of a cusp increases the plasma flux in the exhaust by a factor of two. Plasma flows into a large (5 m3) vacuum (< 10-4 torr) chamber at velocities higher than the ion sound speed. High densities (∼ 1019 m-3) have been achieved at the location where ICRF will be applied, just downstream of the magnetic mirror. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - IONIZATION of gases
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SPACE flight propulsion systems
KW  - VACUUM
N1  - Accession Number: 11743754; Squire, Jared P. 1 Chang-Diaz, Franklin R. 1 Jacobson, Verlin T. 1 Glover, Tim W. 1 Baity, F. Wally 2 Carter, Mark D. 2 Goulding, Richard H. 2 Bengtson, Roger D. 3 Berling III, Edgar A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  3: University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX  4: University of Houston, Houston, TX; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p423; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: IONIZATION of gases; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SPACE flight propulsion systems; Subject Term: VACUUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336415 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Propulsion Unit and Propulsion Unit Parts Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638071
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743754&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welton, R.F.
AU  - Stockli, M.P.
AU  - Shukla, S.
AU  - Kang, Y.
T1  - RF-Plasma Coupling Schemes for the SNS Ion Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 438
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The ion source for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is a radio-frequency, multicusp source designed to deliver beams of 45 mA of H- with a normalized rms emittance of 0.2 π mm mrad to the SNS accelerator. RF power with a frequency of 2 MHz is delivered to the ion source by an 80-kW pulsed power supply generating nominal pulses 1 ms in width with a 60-Hz repetition rate. The ion source—designed, constructed and commissioned at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)—satisfies the basic requirements of commissioning and early operation of the SNS accelerator. To improve reliability of the ion source and consequently the availability of the SNS accelerator and to accommodate facility upgrade plans, we are developing optimal RF-plasma-coupling systems at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). To date, our efforts have focused on design and development of internal and external ion source antennas having long operational lifetimes and the development and characterization of efficient RF matching networks. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - ION sources
KW  - MAGNETIC couplings
KW  - LASERS
KW  - RADIO frequency
N1  - Accession Number: 11743752; Welton, R.F. 1 Stockli, M.P. 1 Shukla, S. 1 Kang, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Systems Division, Spallation Neutron Source Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p431; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: MAGNETIC couplings; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638073
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743752&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dumont, R.J.
AU  - Phillips, C.K.
AU  - Smithe, D.N.
T1  - Effects of Non-Maxwellian Plasma Species on ICRF Propagation and Absorption in Toroidal Magnetic Confinement Devices.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 446
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Auxiliary heating supplied by externally launched electromagnetic waves is commonly used in toroidal magnetically confined fusion experiments for profile control via localized heating, current drive and perhaps flow shear. In these experiments, the confined plasma is often characterized by the presence of a significant population of non-thermal species arising from neutral beam injection, from acceleration of the particles by the applied waves, or from copious fusion reactions in future devices. Such non-thermal species may alter the wave propagation as well as the wave absorption dynamics in the plasma. Previous studies have treated the corresponding velocity distributions as either equivalent Maxwellians, or else have included realistic distributions only in the finite Larmor radius limit. In this work, the hot plasma dielectric response of the plasma has been generalized to treat arbitrary distribution functions in the non-relativistic limit. The generalized dielectric tensor has been incorporated into a one-dimensional full wave all-orders kinetic field code. Initial comparative studies of ion cyclotron range of frequency wave propagation and heating in plasmas with nonthermal species, represented by realistic distribution functions or by appropriately defined equivalent Maxwellians, have been completed for some specific experiments and are presented. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - HEATING
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 11743751; Dumont, R.J. 1,2 Phillips, C.K. 2 Smithe, D.N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Association Euratom-CEA sur la Fusion Contrólée, France  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, U.S.A.  3: Mission Research Corp., Newington, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p439; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638074
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743751&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaeger, E.F.
AU  - Berry, L.A.
AU  - Myra, J.R.
AU  - Batchelor, D.B.
AU  - D'Azevedo, E.
T1  - Mode Conversion Flow Drive in Tokamaks.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
EP  - 478
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A two-dimensional integral full-wave model is used to calculate poloidal forces driven by mode conversion in tokamak plasmas. In the presence of a poloidal magnetic field, mode conversion near the ion-ion hybrid resonance is dominated by a transition from the fast magnetosonic wave to the slow ion cyclotron wave. The poloidal field generates strong variations in the parallel wave spectrum that cause wave damping in a narrow layer near the mode conversion surface. The resulting poloidal forces drive sheared poloidal flows comparable to those in direct launch ion Bernstein wave experiments. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CYCLOTRON waves
N1  - Accession Number: 11743744; Jaeger, E.F. 1 Berry, L.A. 1 Myra, J.R. 2 Batchelor, D.B. 1 D'Azevedo, E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Lodestar Research Corporation, Colorado; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p475; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638081
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743744&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tracy, E.R.
AU  - Kaufman, A.N.
T1  - Local Solutions for Generic Multidimensional Resonant Wave Conversion.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
EP  - 486
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In more than one spatial dimension, resonant linear conversion from one wave type to another can have a more complex geometry than the familiar ‘avoided crossing’ of one-dimensional problems. In previous work we have shown that helical ray shapes are generic in a mathematical sense. Here we briefly describe how the local field structure can be computed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - RESONANT vibration
KW  - ENERGY conversion
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - SPATIAL systems
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 11743742; Tracy, E.R. 1 Kaufman, A.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Physics Department, UC Berkeley, CA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p483; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: RESONANT vibration; Subject Term: ENERGY conversion; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: SPATIAL systems; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638083
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743742&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myra, J.R.
AU  - D'Ippolito, D.A.
AU  - Berry, L.A.
AU  - Jaeger, E.F.
AU  - Batchelor, D.B.
T1  - Momentum Conservation and Nonlinear RF-Induced Flows.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 490
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent progress on the numerical computation of 2D full-wave field solutions has motivated advances in the nonlinear theory of rf-induced plasma flows for the control of turbulence. Here, an accounting of how momentum is injected into the system by the antenna, and how it can be transferred from waves to plasma flows and to the equilibrium magnetic field coils and walls is given. Equations for both the plasma momentum and the wave momentum are developed. The former is a recapitulation of results from nonlinear flow drive theory. The latter equation yields a generalized form of the Maxwell stress tensor, including plasma dielectric effects. It is shown that momentum is conserved by the plasma-wave-antenna-wall system for poloidal and toroidal flux-surface-averaged flows. In general, however, momentum exchange with the equilibrium magnetic field coils is possible. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MOMENTUM wave function
N1  - Accession Number: 11743741; Myra, J.R. 1 D'Ippolito, D.A. 1 Berry, L.A. 2 Jaeger, E.F. 2 Batchelor, D.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lodestar Research Corporation, CO  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p487; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MOMENTUM wave function; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638084
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743741&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillips, C.K.
AU  - Pletzer, A.
AU  - Dumont, R.J.
AU  - Smithe, D.N.
T1  - Plasma Dielectric Tensor for Non-Maxwellian Distributions in the FLR Limit.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 694
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
EP  - 502
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Previous analytical and numerical studies have noted that the presence of fully non-Maxwellian plasma species can significantly alter the dynamics of electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasmas. In this paper, a general form for the hot plasma dielectric tensor for non-Maxwellian distributions is derived that is valid in the finite Larmor radius approximation. This model provides some insight into understanding the limitations on representing non-Maxwellian plasma species with equivalent Maxwellian components in modeling RF wave propagation and absorption. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRICS -- Research
KW  - TENSOR algebra
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - WAVE equation
N1  - Accession Number: 11743738; Phillips, C.K. 1 Pletzer, A. 1 Dumont, R.J. 2 Smithe, D.N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, U.S.A.  2: Association Euratom-CEA sur la Fusion Contrôlée, France  3: Mission Research Corp., Newington, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 694 Issue 1, p499; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS -- Research; Subject Term: TENSOR algebra; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638087
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11743738&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bo Zhang
AU  - Fumin Li, Gustaaf
AU  - Houk, R. S.
AU  - Armstrong, Daniel W.
T1  - Pore Exclusion Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry for Monitoring Elements in Bacteria: A Study on Microbial Removal of Uranium from Aqueous Solution.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 6901
EP  - 6905
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The interstitial spaces between spherical particles in a packed column can act as a sieve that passes microorganisms below a certain size. If the bed is a perfusion-type material (containing a binary distribution of large and small pores), colloidal-size microorganisms are subject only to pore exclusion, while all molecules are subject to size exclusion among the various pores. Thus, microorganisms elute first, followed by macromolecules, and then small molecules. Coupling this separation method to an ICP magnetic sector mass spectrometer provides a sensitive, direct means to study the microbial uptake of heavy metals (i.e., uranium) from theft surrounding environments. Multiple metal ions can be monitored in the microorganism and in the surrounding solution. In this way, definitive information can be provided for the remediation of radioactive waste sites. The effect of uranium on microbial growth is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR sieves
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste sites
N1  - Accession Number: 12101549; Bo Zhang 1 Fumin Li, Gustaaf 1 Houk, R. S. 1 Armstrong, Daniel W. 1; Email Address: sec4dwa@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Ames Laboratory--U.S. Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 24, p6901; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR sieves; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste sites; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mlyabe, Kanji
AU  - Cavazzini, Alberto
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Kele, Marianna
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Moment Analysis of Mass-Transfer Kinetics in C[sub18]-Silica Monolithic Columns.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 75
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 6975
EP  - 6986
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The moment analysis of elution peak profiles based on new moment equations provides information on the mass- transfer characteristics of C[SUB18]-silica monolithic columns. The flow rate dependence of the HETP data was analyzed using the generalized van Deemter equation, after correction of these data by subtraction of the external mass- transfer contribution to band broadening. Kinetic parameters and diffusion coefficients related to the mass-transfer processes in monolithic columns were derived by taking advantage of the different flow velocity dependence of theft contributions to band broadening. At high flow rates, axial dispersion and diffusive migration across the monolithic C18-silica skeleton contribute much to band broadening, suggesting that it remains important to reduce the influence of eddy diffusion and the mass-transfer resistance in the stationary phase to achieve fast separations and a high efficiency. Surface diffusion plays a predominant role for molecular migration in the monolithic stationary phase. Although the value of the surface diffusion coefficient (D[SUB8]) depends on an estimate of the external mass- transfer coefficient, D[SUB8] values of the order of 10[SUP-7] were calculated for the first time for the C[SUB18]-siica monolithic skeleton. The value of D[SUB8] decreases with increasing retention of sample compounds. Analysis of a kind of lime constant calculated from D[SUB8] suggests that the "chromatographic corresponding particle size" is ∼4 μm for the C[SUB18]-silica monolithic stationary phase used in this study. The accuracy of the D[SUB8] values determined was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 12101559; Mlyabe, Kanji 1 Cavazzini, Alberto 2 Gritti, Fabrice 3 Kele, Marianna 4 Guiochon, Georges 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya, Japan.  2: University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46,1-44100 Ferrara, Italy.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Tennessee.  4: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Waters Corporation, Milford, Massachusetts.; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 75 Issue 24, p6975; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnston, M.D.
AU  - Lau, Y.Y.
AU  - Gilgenbach, R.M.
AU  - Strickler, T.S.
AU  - Jones, M.C.
AU  - Cuneo, M.E.
AU  - Mehlhorn, T.A.
T1  - Caterpillar structures in single-wire Z-pinch experiments.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4915
EP  - 4917
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A series of experiments have been performed on single-wire Z pinches (1–2 kA, 20 kV, pulse length 500 ns; Al, Ag, W, or Cu wire of diameter 7.5–50 μm, length 2.5 cm). Excimer laser absorption photographs show expansion of metallic plasmas on a time scale of order 100 ns. The edge of this plasma plume begins to develop structures resembling a caterpillar only after the current pulse reaches its peak value. The growth of these caterpillar structures is shown to be consistent with the Rayleigh–Taylor instability of the decelerating plasma plume front at the later stage of the current pulse. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11649686; Johnston, M.D. 1 Lau, Y.Y. 1; Email Address: yylau@umich.edu Gilgenbach, R.M. 1 Strickler, T.S. 1 Jones, M.C. 1 Cuneo, M.E. 1 Mehlhorn, T.A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan  2: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 24, p4915; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632535
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benmore, C.J.
AU  - Weber, J.K.R.
AU  - Siewenie, J.E.
AU  - Hiera, K.J.
T1  - Structure of Nd-doped glasses measured by isotopic substitution in neutron diffraction.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4954
EP  - 4956
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The structural environment of Nd ions in glasses can have a significant effect on their performance in optical devices. Isotopic substitution in neutron diffraction has been used to probe the structure of Nd[sub 2]O[sub 3] doped SiO[sub 2] and La[sub 2]O[sub 3]+Y[sub 2]O[sub 3]+Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] glasses. In the silicate glass, Nd is found to be ∼sixfold coordinated by oxygen atoms at a distance of 2.28(2) Å with additional Nd–O/Si correlations at 3.55(3), 4.78(3), 5.89(3) Å, and higher distances. In the rare-earth aluminate glass a peak at 2.49(2) Å and a shoulder at ∼3 Å indicate the presence of 8 or higher coordinate Nd polyhedra by comparison with bond valence theory. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - GLASS
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11649673; Benmore, C.J. 1; Email Address: benmore@anl.gov Weber, J.K.R. 2 Siewenie, J.E. 1 Hiera, K.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: I.P.N.S. Division, Argonne National Laboratory  2: Continerless Research Inc., University Place; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 24, p4954; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1634690
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, S.X.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Hai Lu
AU  - Schaff, William J.
T1  - Hydrostatic pressure dependence of the fundamental bandgap of InN and In-rich group III nitride alloys.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4963
EP  - 4965
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report studies of the hydrostatic pressure dependence of the fundamental bandgap of InN, In-rich In[sub 1-x]Ga[sub x]N (0<x<0.5) and In[sub 1-x]Al[sub x]N (x=0.25) alloys. The bandgap shift with pressure was measured by optical absorption experiments with samples mounted in diamond anvil cells. The pressure coefficient is found to be 3.0±0.1 meV/kbar for InN. A comparison between our results and previously reported theoretical calculations is presented and discussed. Together with previous experimental results, our data suggest that the pressure coefficients of group III nitride alloys have only a weak dependence on the alloy composition. The photoluminescence signals appear to yield significantly smaller pressure coefficients than the bandgap from absorption measurements. This is due to emission associated with highly localized states. Based on these results, the absolute deformation potentials of the conduction and valence band edges are estimated. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 11649670; Li, S.X. 1 Wu, J. 1 Haller, E.E. 1 Walukiewicz, W. 2; Email Address: w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov Shan, W. 2 Hai Lu 3 Schaff, William J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 24, p4963; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633681
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11649670&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, R.S.
AU  - Ohdaira, T.
AU  - Suzuki, R.
AU  - Ito, K.
AU  - Hirata, K.
AU  - Sato, K.
AU  - Kobayashi, Y.
AU  - Jun Xu
T1  - Positronium time-of-flight measurements of porous low-k films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4966
EP  - 4968
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate that positronium (Ps) time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy provides a powerful technique for probing the structure of porous low-dielectric constant (low-k) films. The emission of ortho-positronium (o-Ps) from the surface of a series of nano-porous silsesquioxane films was studied with a newly developed TOF spectrometer. Clear Ps emission peaks were observed from the two high porosity films (F38 and KI31), indicating their higher open porosity in comparison with other films. We also observed that the energy of o-Ps emission from F38 is much higher than that from KI31. It was concluded that the open pores in the former film are less tortuous, and o-Ps loses significantly less energy emerging from its surface than from that of latter film. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRONIUM
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 11649669; Yu, R.S. 1 Ohdaira, T. 1 Suzuki, R. 1 Ito, K. 1 Hirata, K. 1 Sato, K. 1 Kobayashi, Y. 1; Email Address: y-kobayashi@aist.go.jp Jun Xu 2; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 24, p4966; Subject Term: POSITRONIUM; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1634380
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Changgan Zeng
AU  - Erwin, S.C.
AU  - Feldman, L.C.
AU  - Li, A.P.
AU  - Jin, R.
AU  - Song, Y.
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Weitering, H.H.
T1  - Epitaxial ferromagnetic Mn[sub 5]Ge[sub 3] on Ge(111).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5002
EP  - 5004
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Ferromagnetic Mn[sub 5]Ge[sub 3] thin films were grown on Ge(111) with solid-phase epitaxy. The epitaxial relationship between the alloy film and substrate is Mn[sub 5]Ge[sub 3](001)//Ge(111) with [100][sub Mn[sub 5]Ge[sub 3]]//[110][sub Ge]. The alloy films exhibit metallic conductivity and strong ferromagnetism up to the Curie temperature, T[sub C]=296 K. These epitaxial alloy films are promising candidates for germanium-based spintronics. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - EPITAXY
N1  - Accession Number: 11649657; Changgan Zeng 1 Erwin, S.C. 2 Feldman, L.C. 3 Li, A.P. 3 Jin, R. 4 Song, Y. 3; Email Address: hanno@utk.edu Thompson, J.R. Weitering, H.H.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee  2: Center for Computational Materials Science, Naval Research Laboratory  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 24, p5002; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633684
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Zhou, F.
AU  - Lavernia, E.J.
AU  - He, D.W.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
T1  - Deformation twins in nanocrystalline Al.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5062
EP  - 5064
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Due to its high stacking fault energy, no deformation twin has ever been observed in coarse-grained Al. Recent molecular dynamic (MD) simulations predicted the formation of deformation twins in nanocrystalline (nc) Al. Here, we report transmission-electron-microscopic observations of two types of twins in nc Al processed by cryogenic ball milling. They were formed via mechanisms suggested by the MD simulations. We also observed curved twin boundaries caused by partial dislocations. These results indicate that deformation mechanisms not accessible to coarse-grained Al are active in nc Al. They could be responsible for some unique mechanical properties of nc materials. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11649637; Liao, X.Z. 1 Zhou, F. 2 Lavernia, E.J. 2 He, D.W. 1 Zhu, Y.T. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 24, p5062; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633975
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11649637&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Lin Song
AU  - Li, Alexander D.Q.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
T1  - Effects of self-assembled multilayers on the evolution of surface physical properties of indium-tin-oxide
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 219
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Using layer-by-layer self-assembly technique, we have deposited multilayers of poly(diallydimethylammonium) (PDDA) and nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) onto indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate. To determine how self-assembled multilayers affect charge transfer properties of conductive ITO surface, Kelvin probe and surface photovoltage measurements have been carried out. The results showed an oscillation of the surface potential as the top layer was alternated between PDDA and NiPc. The changes in surface potential of ITO induced by the growth of PDDA or NiPc monolayers are attributed to the modulation in electron affinity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - PHTHALOCYANINES
KW  - Kelvin probe
KW  - Layer-by-layer self-assembly
KW  - Surface photovoltage spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11174558; Li, Lin Song 1 Li, Alexander D.Q. 2 Jia, Q.X. 1; Email Address: qxjia@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Superconductivity Technology Center, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 219 Issue 3/4, p199; Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: PHTHALOCYANINES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kelvin probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layer-by-layer self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface photovoltage spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00540-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kruzic, J.J.
AU  - Nalla, R.K.
AU  - Kinney, J.H.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Crack blunting, crack bridging and resistance-curve fracture mechanics in dentin: effect of hydration
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 24
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 5209
SN  - 01429612
AB  - Few studies have focused on a description of the fracture toughness properties of dentin in terms of resistance-curve (R-curve) behavior, i.e., fracture resistance increasing with crack extension, particularly in light of the relevant toughening mechanisms involved. Accordingly, in the present study, fracture mechanics based experiments were conducted on elephant dentin in order to determine such R-curves, to identify the salient toughening mechanisms and to discern how hydration may affect their potency. Crack bridging by uncracked ligaments, observed directly by microscopy and X-ray tomography, was identified as a major toughening mechanism, with further experimental evidence provided by compliance-based experiments. In addition, with hydration, dentin was observed to display significant crack blunting leading to a higher overall fracture resistance than in the dehydrated material. The results of this work are deemed to be of importance from the perspective of modeling the fracture behavior of dentin and in predicting its failure in vivo. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - DENTIN
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - Crack blunting
KW  - Dentin
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Hydration
KW  - Toughening
KW  - Uncracked-ligament bridging
N1  - Accession Number: 11151586; Kruzic, J.J. 1 Nalla, R.K. 1 Kinney, J.H. 2 Ritchie, R.O. 1; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, MC #1760, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 24 Issue 28, p5209; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: DENTIN; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack blunting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dentin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toughening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncracked-ligament bridging; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00458-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen Hebai, Hisashi
AU  - Wang Youbao, Hisashi
AU  - Yang Haifeng, Hisashi
AU  - Jiang Jisen, Hisashi
T1  - Covalent immobilization of oligoDNA on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles and surface-enhanced Raman scattering study.
JO  - Chinese Science Bulletin
JF  - Chinese Science Bulletin
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 48
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 2698
EP  - 2702
SN  - 10016538
AB  - Studies DNA magnetic nanoparticles. Their potential for isolating and purifying DNA and RNA, as well as directing target-medicines; Outlook for DNA biosensors and biochips; Preparation of surface functionalized magnetic nanoparticles with monodispersed shape and size by coating nano-sized γ-Fe2O3 with silica in reverse microemulsion; Immobilization of thiol-compounds on the magnetic nanoparticles; DNA-magnetic nanoparticles found after immobilizing oligoDNA modified with thiol-disulfide on the surface of the fictionalized magnetic nanoparticles; The efficiency of the single-linking probes loading at the surfaces of magnetic nanoparticles determined by means of hybridization experiment; Use of surface-enhanced Raman scattering methods; Finding that oligoDNA connected to the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles.
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SURFACE enhanced Raman effect
KW  - RNA
KW  - MAGNETIC forming
KW  - DNA
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - magnetic nanoparticles
KW  - surface-modification
N1  - Accession Number: 12569594; Shen Hebai, Hisashi 1; Email Address: shenhb@shtu.edu.cn Wang Youbao, Hisashi 1 Yang Haifeng, Hisashi 1,2 Jiang Jisen, Hisashi 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, China  2: State Key Laboratory of Chemical & Biological Sensor and Metric, Hunan University, China  3: Department of Physics, Center of Functional Nanomaterials and Devices, East China Normal University; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 48 Issue 24, p2698; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SURFACE enhanced Raman effect; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: MAGNETIC forming; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface-modification; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Copf, Tijana
AU  - Rabet, Nicolas
AU  - Celniker, Susan E.
AU  - Averof, Michalis
T1  - Posterior patterning genes and the identification of a unique body region in the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana.
JO  - Development (09501991)
JF  - Development (09501991)
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 130
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5915
EP  - 5927
SN  - 09501991
AB  - All arthropods share the same basic set of Hox genes, although the expression of these genes differs among divergent groups. In the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana, their expression is limited to the head, thoracic/trunk and genital segments, but is excluded from more posterior parts of the body which consist of six post-genital segments and the telson (bearing the anus). Nothing is currently known about the genes that specify the identity of these posterior structures. We examine the expression patterns of four candidate genes, Abdominal-B, caudal/Cdx, even-skipped/Evx and spalt, the homologues of which are known to play an important role in the specification of posterior structures in other animals. Abdominal-B is expressed in the genital segments of Artemia, but not in the post-genital segments at any developmental stage. The expression of caudal, even-skipped and spalt in the larval growth-zone suggests they may play a role in the generation of body segments (perhaps comparable with the role of gap and segmentation genes in insects), but not a direct role in defining the identity of post-genital segments. The expression of caudal at later stages suggests a role in the specification of anal structures. A PCR screen designed to isolate Hox genes expressed specifically in the posterior part of the body failed to identify any new Hox genes. We conclude that the post-genital segments of Artemia are not defined by any of the genes known to play a role in the specification of posterior segments in other arthropods. We argue that these segments constitute a unique body region that bears no obvious homology to previously characterised domains of Hox gene activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Development (09501991) is the property of Company of Biologists Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - ARTEMIA
KW  - ARTEMIIDAE
KW  - POSTERIOR segment (Eye)
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
KW  - Body plans
KW  - Crustaceans
KW  - Evolution
KW  - Hox genes
N1  - Accession Number: 12405368; Copf, Tijana 1 Rabet, Nicolas 2 Celniker, Susan E. 3 Averof, Michalis 1; Email Address: averof@imbb.forth.gr; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB-FORTH), Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Iraklio Crete, Greece  2: Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, Université Paris 7, 7 quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France  3: Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 130 Issue 24, p5915; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: ARTEMIA; Subject Term: ARTEMIIDAE; Subject Term: POSTERIOR segment (Eye); Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Body plans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crustaceans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hox genes; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1242/dev.00835
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burger, Joanna
AU  - Myers, O.
AU  - Boring, C. S.
AU  - Dixon, C.
AU  - Jeitner, J. C.
AU  - Leonard, J.
AU  - Lord, C.
AU  - Mcmahon, M.
AU  - Ramos, R.
AU  - Shukla, S.
AU  - Gochfeld, Michael
T1  - Perceptual Indicators of Environmental Health, Future Land Use, and Stewardship.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 89
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 303
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - There are important linkages between the health of humans and the environment, restoration of degraded lands, and long-term stewardship of public lands, yet most environmental indicators deal only with assessing the physical and biological aspects of ecosystems. In this article, we examine the ratings of perceptions of several environmental problems for their utility as indicators of environmental quality, and examine perceptions of future land use by people interviewed in Santa Fe, New Mexico, near the Department of Energy's (DOE) Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Overall, people with lower incomes rated environmental problems as more severe than others, were more willing to spend federal funds to solve them, and were consistent in their ratings of severity of environmental problems and their willingness to spend federal funds. Cleaning up LANL and other Department of Energy sites, received the highest rating for expenditure of federal funds. The highest rated future uses for DOE sites were for recreation and for National Environmental Research Parks. People with less education generally gave higher ratings to most future land uses for DOE than did those with more education. However, those with higher education gave higher ratings to nuclear reprocessing, and nuclear material storage. Where there were differences, the people interviewed at Santa Fe rated all environmental problems (except pesticides) as more severe than did those previously interviewed in Albuquerque (located farther from the LANL site), and they were more willing to spend federal funds on these problems. Ratings for all future land uses did not differ between the Santa Fe and Albuquerque respondents. These perception-based indicators show general agreement among people living close and farther away from LANL with respect to cleaning up LANL and the future land uses for the site. These indicators should be considered by regulators, site personnel, and policy makers in future management and land use decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biological monitoring
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Land use
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Department of Energy
KW  - environmental health
KW  - future land use
KW  - Los Alamos
KW  - perceptual indicators
KW  - stewardship
N1  - Accession Number: 15194941; Burger, Joanna 1,2; Email Address: burger@biology.rutgers.edu; Myers, O. 3; Boring, C. S. 1,2; Dixon, C. 1,2; Jeitner, J. C. 1,2; Leonard, J. 1,2; Lord, C. 1,4; Mcmahon, M. 1,2; Ramos, R. 1,2; Shukla, S. 1,2; Gochfeld, Michael 2,5; Affiliations: 1: Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, U.S.A.; 2: Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey U.S.A.; 3: Environmental Science Group, MS J495, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.; 4: Research Planning Inc., Columbia, South Carolina, U.S.A.; 5: Environmental and Community Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey U.S.A.; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p285; Thesaurus Term: Bioindicators; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biological monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Environmental monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Environmental health; Author-Supplied Keyword: Department of Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental health; Author-Supplied Keyword: future land use; Author-Supplied Keyword: Los Alamos; Author-Supplied Keyword: perceptual indicators; Author-Supplied Keyword: stewardship; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng, Zuoping
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
T1  - Influence of Calcium Carbonate on U(VI) Sorption to Soils.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5603
EP  - 5608
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The high stability of calcium uranyl carbonate complexes in the circumneutral pH range has a strong impact on U(VI) sorption in calcareous soils. To quantify this influence, sorption of U(VI) to soils in the presence of naturally occurring calcium carbonate was investigated by conducting batch experiments in which either U(VI) concentration or solution pH was varied. Two soils containing different calcium carbonate concentrations were selected, one from Oak Ridge, TN, and another from Altamont Pass, CA. The results show that the presence of calcium carbonate in soils strongly affects U(VI) sorption. Higher concentrations of soil calcium carbonate lead to a pronounced suppression of the pH-dependent sorption curve in the neutral pH range because of the formation of a very stable neutral complex of calcium uranyl carbonate in solution. A surface complexation model considering both strong and weak sites for ferrihydrite and ionizable hydroxyl sites for clay minerals was compared with experimental results, and U(VI) binding parameters were reasonably estimated. Fair agreement was found between the model predictions and sorption data, which span a wide range of U(VI) concentrations and pH. The results also show that appropriate solution-to-solid ratios need to be used when measuring distribution coefficients in calcareous soils to avoid complete CaCO[sub3] dissolution and consequent dilution of calcium uranyl carbonate complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Calcium carbonate
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Soil absorption & adsorption
KW  - Calcareous soils
KW  - Carbonates
KW  - Soils
N1  - Accession Number: 12101708; Zheng, Zuoping 1; Email Address: zzuoping@ibl.gov; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Wan, Jiamin 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p5603; Thesaurus Term: Calcium carbonate; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Soil absorption & adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Calcareous soils; Thesaurus Term: Carbonates; Thesaurus Term: Soils; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng, Zuoping
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
T1  - Influence of Calcium Carbonate on U(VI) Sorption to Soils.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5603
EP  - 5608
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The high stability of calcium uranyl carbonate complexes in the circumneutral pH range has a strong impact on U(VI) sorption in calcareous soils. To quantify this influence, sorption of U(VI) to soils in the presence of naturally occurring calcium carbonate was investigated by conducting batch experiments in which either U(VI) concentration or solution pH was varied. Two soils containing different calcium carbonate concentrations were selected, one from Oak Ridge, TN, and another from Altamont Pass, CA. The results show that the presence of calcium carbonate in soils strongly affects U(VI) sorption. Higher concentrations of soil calcium carbonate lead to a pronounced suppression of the pH-dependent sorption curve in the neutral pH range because of the formation of a very stable neutral complex of calcium uranyl carbonate in solution. A surface complexation model considering both strong and weak sites for ferrihydrite and ionizable hydroxyl sites for clay minerals was compared with experimental results, and U(VI) binding parameters were reasonably estimated. Fair agreement was found between the model predictions and sorption data, which span a wide range of U(VI) concentrations and pH. The results also show that appropriate solution-to-solid ratios need to be used when measuring distribution coefficients in calcareous soils to avoid complete CaCO[sub3] dissolution and consequent dilution of calcium uranyl carbonate complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIUM carbonate
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - SOIL absorption & adsorption
KW  - CALCAREOUS soils
KW  - CARBONATES
KW  - SOILS
N1  - Accession Number: 12101708; Zheng, Zuoping 1; Email Address: zzuoping@ibl.gov Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1 Wan, Jiamin 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p5603; Subject Term: CALCIUM carbonate; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: SOIL absorption & adsorption; Subject Term: CALCAREOUS soils; Subject Term: CARBONATES; Subject Term: SOILS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, Ezra C.
AU  - Wooldridge, Paul J.
AU  - Freese, Jens H.
AU  - Albrecht, Tim
AU  - Cohen, Ronald C.
T1  - Prototype for In Situ Detection of Atmospheric NO[sub3] and N[sub2]O[sub5] via Laser-Induced Fluorescence.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5732
EP  - 5738
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - We describe a prototype designed for in situ detection of the nitrate radical (N0[sub3]) by laser-induced fluorescence (LW) and of N[sub2]0[sub5] by thermal dissociation followed by LIW detection of N0[sub3]. An inexpensive 36 mW continuous wave multi-mode diode laser at 662 nm is used to excite N0[sub3] in the &Btilde;2E'(0000) ← X[sup2]A'[sub2](0000) band. Fluorescence is collected from 700 to 750 nm. The prototype has a sensitivity to N0[sub3] of 76 ppt for a 60 s integration with an accuracy of 8%. Although this sensitivity is adequate for studies of N[sub2]0[sub5] in many environments, it is much less sensitive (about 300 times) than expected based on a comparison of previously measured photophysical properties of N0[sub2] and N0[sub3]. This implies much stronger nonradiative coupling of electronic states in N0[sub3] than in N0[sub2]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrates
KW  - Nitrogen compounds
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Dissociation (Chemistry)
KW  - Diodes
N1  - Accession Number: 12101725; Wood, Ezra C. 1; Wooldridge, Paul J. 1; Freese, Jens H. 1,2; Albrecht, Tim 1,3; Cohen, Ronald C. 1,4,5; Email Address: cohen@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Optical Institute, Technische Universität, Berlin, Germany.; 3: Technische Universität Berlin, Max-Volmer-Institut f¨r Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Berlin, Germany.; 4: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; 5: Energy and Environment Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p5732; Thesaurus Term: Nitrates; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen compounds; Subject Term: Fluorescence; Subject Term: Lasers; Subject Term: Dissociation (Chemistry); Subject Term: Diodes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kubátová, Alena
AU  - Herman, Jamie
AU  - Steckler, Tamara S.
AU  - De Veij, Marleen
AU  - Miller, David J.
AU  - Klunder, Edgar B.
AU  - Wai, Chien M.
AU  - Hawthorne, Steven B.
T1  - Subcritical (Hot/Liquid) Water Dechlorination of PCBs (Aroclor 1254) with Metal Additives and in Waste Paint.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5757
EP  - 5762
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - No disposal option exists for "mixed wastes" such as paint scrapings that are co-contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and radioactive metals. Either removal or destruction of the PCB5 is required prior to disposal. Comparison of subcritical water dechlorination (350 °C, 1 h) of Aroclor 1254 in paint scrapings (180 ppm) and of standard Aroclor 1254 showed significantly enhanced dechlorination in the presence of paint While no significant degradation was observed for standard Aroclor (no paint), the dechlorination of PCBs in paint was 99, 99, and 80% for the hepta-, hexa-, and pentachlorinated congeners, respectively, indicating that metals in the paint enhanced the dechlorination reactions. Adding metals to the standard Aroclor (no paint) reactions enhanced PCB dechlorination in subcritical water in descending order of activity: Pb &ap; Cu > Al > Zn > Fe. In the presence of both zerovalent and divalent lead and zerovalent copper in subcritical water (350 °C, 1 h), 99% of the Aroclor 1254 mixture (tetra- to heptachlorinated biphenyls) was dechlorinated. High dechlorination (ca. 95%) was also achieved with zerovalent aluminum. In contrast to other metals, lead retained its degradation ability at a lower temperature of 250 °C after 18 h. The high degradation efficiency achieved using metal additives in water at reasonable temperatures and pressures demonstrates the potential for subcritical water dechlorination of PCBs in paint scrapings and, potentially, in other solid and liquid wastes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - Waste paint
KW  - Water -- Purification -- Chlorination
KW  - Waste products
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Organochlorine compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 12101729; Kubátová, Alena 1; Email Address: akubatova@undeerc.org; Herman, Jamie 2; Steckler, Tamara S. 1; De Veij, Marleen 3; Miller, David J. 1; Klunder, Edgar B. 4; Wai, Chien M. 2; Hawthorne, Steven B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Environmental Research Center, Campus Box 9018, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202.; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844.; 3: Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; 4: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236.; Issue Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 37 Issue 24, p5757; Thesaurus Term: Polychlorinated biphenyls; Thesaurus Term: Waste paint; Thesaurus Term: Water -- Purification -- Chlorination; Thesaurus Term: Waste products; Thesaurus Term: Aluminum; Subject Term: Organochlorine compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Krakauer, D.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
AU  - Contin, A.
T1  - Measurement of high-Q2 charged current cross sections in e + p deep inelastic scattering at HERA.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Cross sections for e+ p charged current deep inelastic scattering at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV have been determined with an integrated luminosity of 60.9 pb1 collected with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The differential cross sections dσ/dQ2, dσ/dx and dσ/dy for Q2 200 GeV2 are presented. In addition, d2σ/dxdQ2 has been measured in the kinematic range 280 GeV2< Q2< 17 000 GeV2 and 0.008 < x< 0.42. The predictions of the Standard Model agree well with the measured cross sections. The mass of the W boson propagator is determined to be MW = 78.9 &plusmn 2.0 (stat.) ± 1.8 (syst.)+2-1.8 (PDF) GeV from a fit to dσ/dQ2. The chiral structure of the Standard Model is also investigated in terms of the (1-y)2 dependence of the double-differential cross section. The structure-function FCC 2 has been extracted by combining the measurements presented here with previous ZEUS results from e-p scattering, extending the measurement obtained in a neutrino-nucleus scattering experiment to a significantly higher Q2 region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16767627; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Krakauer, D. 1 Loizides, J.H. 1 Magill, S. 1 Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R. 1 Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Antonioli, P. 3 Bari, G. 3 Basile, M. 3 Bellagamba, L. 3 Boscherini, D. 3 Bruni, A. 3 Bruni, G. 3 Cara Romeo, G. 3 Cifarelli, L. 3 Cindolo, F. 3 Contin, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104-0380  3: University and INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2003-01363-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daulton, T. L.
AU  - Bernatowicz, T. J.
AU  - Lewis, R. S.
AU  - Messenger, S.
AU  - Stadermann, F. J.
AU  - Amari, S.
T1  - Polytype distribution of circumstellar silicon carbide: microstructural characterization by transmission electron microscopy
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 67
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4743
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Silicon carbide (SiC) is a particularly interesting species of presolar grain because it is known to form on the order of a hundred different polytypes in the laboratory, and the formation of a particular polytype is sensitive to growth conditions. Astronomical evidence for the formation of SiC in expanding circumstellar atmospheres of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) carbon stars is provided by infrared (IR) studies. However, identification of the crystallographic structure of SiC from IR spectra is controversial. Since >95% of the presolar SiC isolated from meteorites formed around carbon stars, a determination of the structure of presolar SiC is, to first order, a direct determination of the structure of circumstellar SiC. We therefore determined the polytype distribution of presolar SiC from the Murchison CM2 carbonaceous meteorite using analytical and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). High-resolution lattice images and electron diffraction of 508 individual SiC grains demonstrate that only two polytypes are present, the cubic 3C (β-SiC) polytype (79.4% of population by number) and the hexagonal 2H (α-SiC) polytype (2.7%). Intergrowths of these two polytypes are relatively abundant (17.1%). No other polytypes were found. A small population of one-dimensionally disordered SiC grains (0.9%), whose high density of stacking faults precluded classification as any polytype, was also observed. The presolar origin of 2H α-SiC is unambiguously established by tens-of-nanometers-resolution secondary ion mass spectroscopy (NanoSIMS). Isotopic maps of a TEM-characterized 2H α-SiC grain exhibit non-solar isotopic compositions of 12C/13C = 64 ± 4 and 14N/15N = 575 ± 24. These measurements are consistent with mainstream presolar SiC thought to originate in the expanding atmospheres of AGB carbon stars. Equilibrium condensation calculations together with inferred mineral condensation sequences predict relatively low SiC condensation temperatures in carbon stars. The laboratory observed condensation temperatures of 2H and 3C SiC are generally the lowest of all SiC polytypes and fall within the predictions of the equilibrium calculations. These points account for the occurrence of only 2H and 3C polytypes of SiC in circumstellar outflows. The 2H and 3C SiC polytypes presumably condense at different radii (i.e., temperatures) in the expanding stellar atmospheres of AGB carbon stars. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC giant branch stars
KW  - INFRARED spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 11605635; Daulton, T. L. 1,2; Email Address: tdaulton@nrlscc.navy.mil Bernatowicz, T. J. 3 Lewis, R. S. 4 Messenger, S. 3 Stadermann, F. J. 3 Amari, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL, 60439-4838, USA  2: Marine Geosciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-5004, USA  3: Laboratory for Space Sciences and Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA  4: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637-1433, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 67 Issue 24, p4743; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC giant branch stars; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00272-2
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Öszf, Katalin
AU  - Espenson, James H.
T1  - A Non-Radical Chain Mechanism for Oxygen Atom Transfer with a Thiorhenium(V) Catalyst.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 42
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 8122
EP  - 8124
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The compound MeRe(S)(mtp)(PPh[sub3]), 2, where mtpH[sub2] is2-(mercaptomethyl)thiophenol, was used to catalyze the reaction between pyridine N-oxides, PyO, and triphenylphosphine. The rate law is -d[PyO]/dt = k[subc]′[2]·[PyO][sup½], with k[subc]′ at 25.0 °C in benzene = 0.68 (4-picoline N-oxide) and 3.5 × 10[sup-3] dm[sup&frac32;] mol[sup½] s[sup-1] (4-NO[sub2]-pyridine N-oxide). A chain mechanism with three steady-state thiorhenium species as chain carriers is implicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICAL movements
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - PHENOL
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - PYRIDINE
N1  - Accession Number: 12101570; Öszf, Katalin 1 Espenson, James H. 1; Email Address: espenson@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and the Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 25, p8122; Subject Term: MECHANICAL movements; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: PHENOL; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: PYRIDINE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer, Thomas J.
AU  - Huynh, My Hang V.
T1  - The Remarkable Reactivity of High Oxidation State Ruthenium and Osmium Polypyridyl Complexes.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 42
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 8140
EP  - 8160
SN  - 00201669
AB  - There is a remarkable redox chemistry of higher oxidation state M(IV)-M(VI) polypyridyl complexes of Ru and Os. They are accessible by proton loss and formation of oxo or nitrido ligands, examples being cis-[Ru[supIV](bpy)[sub2](py)-(O)][sup2+] (Ru[supIV]=O[sup2+], bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, and py = pyridine) and trans-[Os[supVI](tpy)(Cl)[sub2](N)][sup+] (tpy = 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine) Metal--oxo or metal--nitrido multiple bonding stabilizes the higher oxidation states and greatly influences reactivity. O-atom transfer, hydride transfer, epoxidation, C-H insertion, and proton-coupled electron-transfer mechanisms have been identified in the oxidation of organics by Ru[supIV]=O[sup2+]. The Ru-O multiple bond inhibits electron transfer and promotes complex mechanisms. Both O atoms can be used for O-atom transfer by trans-[Ru[supVI](tpy)(O)[sub3](S)][sup2+] (S = CH[sub3]CN or H[sub2]O). Four-electron, four-proton oxidation of cis,cis-[(bpy)[sub2](H[sub2]O)Ru[supIII]-O-Ru[supIII](H[sub2]O)(bpy)[sub2]][sup4+] occurs to give cis,cis-[(bpy)[sub2](O)Ru[supV]-O-Ru[supV](O)(bpy)[sub2]][sup4+] which rapidly evolves O[sub2]. Oxidation of NH[sub3] in trans-[Os[supII](tpy)(Cl)[sub2]-(NH[sub3])] gives trans-[Os[supVI](tpy)(Cl)[sub2](N)][sup+] through a series of one-electron intermediates. It and related nitrido complexes undergo formal N[sup-] transfer analogous to O-atom transfer by Ru[supIV]=O[sup2+]. With secondary amines, the products are the hydrazido complexes, cis- and trans-[Os[supV](L[sub3])(Cl)[sub2](NNR[sub2])][sup+] (L3 = tpy or tpm and NR[sup-],[sub2] = morpholide, piperidide, or diethylamide). Reactions with aryl thiols and secondary phosphines give the analogous adducts cis- and trans- [Os[supIV](tpy)(Cl)[sub2](NS(H)(C[sub6]H[sub4]Me))][sup+]and fac-[Os[supIV](Tp)(Cl)[sub2](Np(H)(Et[sub2]))] In dry CH[sub3]CN, all have an extensive multiple oxidation state chemistry based on couples from Os(VI/V) to Os(III/II). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - OSMIUM
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 12101576; Meyer, Thomas J. 1,2; Email Address: tjmeyer@lanl.gov Huynh, My Hang V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Strategic Research, MS A127, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663.  2: Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 2 7599-3290.; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 25, p8140; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: OSMIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choe, Wonyoung
AU  - Pecharsky, A. O.
AU  - Wörle, Michael
AU  - Miller, Gordon J.
T1  - "Nanoscale Zippers" in Gd[sub5](Si[subx]Ge[sub1-x])[sub4]: Symmetry and Chemical Influences on the Nanoscale Zipping Action.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 42
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 8223
EP  - 8229
SN  - 00201669
AB  - One critical parameter influencing the structural nature of the phase transitions in magnetocaloric materials Gd[sub5](Si[subx]Ge[sub1-x])[sub4] is the Si/Ge ratio (x/1 - x), because transition temperatures and structures depend crucially on this value. In this study, single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicates that Si and Ge atoms are neither completely ordered nor randomly mixed among the three crystallographic sites for these elements in these structures. Ge atoms enrich the T sites linking the characteristic slabs in these structures, while Si atoms enrich the T sites within them. Decomposition of the total energy into site and bond energy terms provides a rationale for the observed distribution, which can be explained by symmetry and electronegativity arguments. For any composition in Gd[sub5](Si[subx]Ge[sub1-x])[sub4], a structure map is presented that will allow for a rapid assessment of the specific structure type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PARAMETER estimation
KW  - SYMMETRY
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 12101583; Choe, Wonyoung 1 Pecharsky, A. O. 2 Wörle, Michael 3 Miller, Gordon J. 1; Email Address: gmiller@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University.  3: Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Hoenggerberg.; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 25, p8223; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PARAMETER estimation; Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ATOMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Condron, Cathie L.
AU  - Miller, Gordon J.
AU  - Strand, Joel D.
AU  - Bud'ko, Sergey L.
AU  - Canfield, Paul C.
T1  - A New Look at Bonding in Trialuminides: Reinvestigation of TaAI3.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 42
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 8371
EP  - 8376
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Single crystals of TaAl[sub3] were grown at high temperatures from an Al-rich, binary solution. TaAl[sub3] adopts the D0[sub22] structure type, space group I4/mmm with a = 3.8412(5) Å c = 8.5402(17) Å, and Z = 2. The structure type, which is the preferred structure for all group 5 trialuminides and TiAl[sub3] as well as the high-temperature form of HfAl[sub3], is a binary coloring of the face-centered-cubic (fcc) arrangement. The distribution of Ta atoms creates a three-dimensional network of vertex and edge-sharing square pyramids of Al atoms. Temperature-dependent electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements are consistent with TaAl[sub3] being a metallic compound with a relatively low density of states at the Fermi surface. Furthermore, tight-binding electronic structure calculations are utilized to describe the bonding in these compounds and to compare their stability with respect to the alternative fcc-related, e.g., the D0[sub23] (ZrAl[sub3]-type) and the L1[sub2] (AuCu[sub3]-type), structures. A modified Wade's rule argument provides insights into the structural preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - METALS -- Coloring
KW  - ZIRCON
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - COMPOUND semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 12101601; Condron, Cathie L. 1 Miller, Gordon J.; Email Address: gmiller@iastate.edu Strand, Joel D. 2 Bud'ko, Sergey L. 2 Canfield, Paul C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Depanment of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics & Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 25, p8371; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: METALS -- Coloring; Subject Term: ZIRCON; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: COMPOUND semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332813 Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing, and Coloring; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mathew, Alan G.
AU  - Arnett, Debbie B.
AU  - Cullen, Patricia
AU  - Ebner, Paul D.
T1  - Characterization of resistance patterns and detection of apramycin resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from swine exposed to various environmental conditions
JO  - International Journal of Food Microbiology
JF  - International Journal of Food Microbiology
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 89
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 01681605
AB  - Weaned pigs were separated into eight treatments including a control without exposure to apramycin; a control with exposure to apramycin; and apramycin plus either cold stress, heat stress, overcrowding, intermingling, poor sanitation, or intervention with oxytetracycline, to determine the effects of management and environmental conditions on antibiotic resistance among indigenous Escherichia coli. Pigs exposed to apramycin sulfate received that antibiotic in the feed at a concentration of 150 g/ton for 14 days. Environmental treatments were applied 5 days following initial antibiotic administration and maintained throughout the study. Fecal samples were obtained on day 0 (prior to antibiotic treatment) and on days 2, 7, 14, 28, 64, 148, and 149. E. coli were isolated and tested for resistance to apramycin using a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) broth microdilution method. Macrorestriction profiling, arbitrarily primed PCR, PCR targeting a gene coding for apramycin resistance, and DNA hybridization were used to characterize genetic elements of resistance. Increased (P<0.0001) resistance to apramycin was noted in E. coli from all treatment groups administered apramycin. MICs of isolates from control pigs receiving apramycin returned to pretreatment levels following removal of the antibiotic, whereas isolates from cold stress, overcrowding, and oxytetracycline groups expressed greater (P<0.05) MICs through day 64, before returning to pretreatment levels. Genetic analysis indicated that all resistant isolates carried the aac(3)IV gene sequence and this sequence was found in a variety of E. coli isotypes. Our data indicate that E. coli resistance to apramycin is increased upon exposure to various stressors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - Drugs
KW  - Stress (Psychology)
KW  - Cold (Temperature) -- Physiological effect
KW  - Heat -- Physiological effect
KW  - Antibiotic resistance
KW  - Apramycin
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Stress
KW  - Swine
N1  - Accession Number: 11174256; Mathew, Alan G. 1; Email Address: amathew@utk.edu; Arnett, Debbie B. 2; Cullen, Patricia 3; Ebner, Paul D. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, 2505 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 3: Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA; 4: LSU Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Hwy., Shreveport, LA 71130, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 89 Issue 1, p11; Thesaurus Term: Drugs; Subject Term: Stress (Psychology); Subject Term: Cold (Temperature) -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: Heat -- Physiological effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibiotic resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apramycin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Escherichia coli; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Swine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00124-7
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Richard M.
AU  - DeTeresa, Steven J.
T1  - Failure plane orientations for transverse loading of a unidirectional fiber composite
JO  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
JF  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 40
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 7055
SN  - 00207683
AB  - Using a recently developed failure theory for transversely isotropic fiber composites, it is shown how the orientation of the failure surface can be determined for transverse tension and compression. It is also shown that failure surface orientations decompose into those of ductile type versus those of brittle type. Experimental data on failure surface orientations have been obtained for carbon fiber composite systems based on both thermoplastic and thermosetting matrix materials. Average compression failure planes for the different composite materials were measured to range from 31° to 38° from the load axis. Reasonable agreement was obtained between these measured angles and those predicted from application of the new failure theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Solids & Structures is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - MATERIALS -- Compression testing
KW  - STRUCTURAL engineering
KW  - Failure surface prediction
KW  - Failure theories
KW  - Transverse loading
N1  - Accession Number: 11151484; Christensen, Richard M. 1,2; Email Address: christensen@stanford.edu DeTeresa, Steven J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 40 Issue 25, p7055; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Compression testing; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Failure surface prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Failure theories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transverse loading; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00354-8
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, A. J.
AU  - Adams, J. J.
AU  - Schaffers, K. I.
T1  - Photoemission investigation of the electronic structure of lanthanum–calcium oxoborate.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7493
EP  - 7495
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Lanthanum calcium oxoborate is a nonlinear optical material that belongs to the calcium-rare-earth (R) oxoborate family, with general composition of Ca[sub 4]RO(BO[sub 3])[sub 3] (R[sup 3+]=La,Sm,Gd,Lu,Y). X-ray photoemission was used to study the valence band electronic structure and surface chemistry of this material. High resolution photoemission measurements of the valence band electronic structure and La 3d and 4d, Ca 2p, B 1s, and O 1s core lines were used to evaluate the surface and near surface chemistry. The results provide measurements of the valence band electronic structure and surface chemistry of this rare-earth oxoborate. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - LANTHANUM compounds
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11567865; Nelson, A. J. 1; Email Address: nelson63@llnl.gov Adams, J. J. 1 Schaffers, K. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence, Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 12, p7493; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: LANTHANUM compounds; Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1627955
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu Shiratsuchi, T.
AU  - Masahiko Yamamoto
AU  - Yasushi Endo, T.
AU  - Dongqi Li, T.
AU  - Bader, S. D.
T1  - Superparamagnetic behavior of ultrathin Fe films grown on Al[sub 2]O[sub 3](0001) substrates.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7675
EP  - 7679
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have studied superparamagnetic behavior of ultrathin Fe films grown on an Al[sub 2]O[sub 3](0001) substrate at various growth temperatures. It is demonstrated that 1-nm-thick Fe films are in the superparamagnetic state, and the blocking temperature is strongly dependent on the growth temperature. The blocking temperature has a minimum value of 30 K for a growth temperature of 473 K, while it is ∼70 K at other growth temperatures. In order to clarify the behavior, we consider the Fe growth mechanism and the magnetic interactions between Fe particles. Fe grows as three-dimensional islands at all temperatures studied and forms particles. The volume of the particles is observed via atomic force microscopy to increase with increasing growth temperature. In the case of growth at 323 and 373 K, Fe forms small particles that are close together and that interact with each other. For growth at 673 and 773 K, Fe forms relatively large particles and the magnetic properties are dominated by the individual particles. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILMSTRIPS
KW  - METALS -- Analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC devices
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11567834; Yu Shiratsuchi, T. 1 Masahiko Yamamoto 1; Email Address: yamamoto@mat.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp Yasushi Endo, T. 1 Dongqi Li, T. 2 Bader, S. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of materials Science and engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka university, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 12, p7675; Subject Term: FILMSTRIPS; Subject Term: METALS -- Analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC devices; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1628408
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyubinetsky, I.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - McCready, D. E.
AU  - Baer, D. R.
T1  - Formation of single-phase oxide nanoclusters: Cu[sub 2]O on SrTiO[sub 3](100).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 94
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7926
EP  - 7928
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Selective formation of the single-phase nanoclusters of Cu[sub 2]O on SrTiO[sub 3](100) substrates in the size range of 10–50 nm is found to occur only in a very narrow oxygen plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy growth parameter window, in comparison with the bulk phase diagram (for oxygen pressure versus temperature). There are distinctive parameter regions, where multiple phaselike forms coexist (CuO/Cu[sub 2]O and Cu[sub 2]O/Cu), in agreement with theoretical prediction for small systems, and as opposite to the sharp phase boundaries for the bulk. Observed changes in the nanocluster composition are found to correlate with differences in cluster morphologies. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11567795; Lyubinetsky, I. 1; Email Address: igor.lyubinetsky@pnl.gov Thevuthasan, S. 1 McCready, D. E. 1 Baer, D. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 94 Issue 12, p7926; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1625779
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sampath, Sujatha
AU  - Lantzky, Kristina M.
AU  - Benmore, Chris J.
AU  - Neuefeind, Jörg
AU  - Siewenie, Joan E.
AU  - Egelstaff, Peter A.
AU  - Yarger, Jeffery L.
T1  - Structural quantum isotope effects in amorphous beryllium hydride.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 119
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 12499
EP  - 12502
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The structure factors for amorphous BeD[sub 2] and BeH[sub 2] were measured using synchrotron x-ray and neutron diffraction techniques. The results show that the structure of amorphous BeD[sub 2] is comprised of corner-sharing tetrahedra and is therefore analogous to amorphous H[sub 2]O and BeF[sub 2]. A substantial increase in the height of the first sharp x-ray diffraction peak of BeD[sub 2] compared to BeH[sub 2] is interpreted as a marked increase in the extent of intermediate range order in BeD[sub 2] due to stronger network formation. A real-space comparison with liquid water, reveals that the structural isotopic quantum effects are quite different in the two hydrides. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - TETRAHEDRA
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 11567995; Sampath, Sujatha 1,2 Lantzky, Kristina M. 2 Benmore, Chris J. 1; Email Address: benmore@anl.gov Neuefeind, Jörg 1 Siewenie, Joan E. 1 Egelstaff, Peter A. 3 Yarger, Jeffery L. 2; Email Address: yarger@uwyo.edu; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, IPNS Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071-3838  3: Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Source Info: 12/15/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 23, p12499; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: TETRAHEDRA; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1626638
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baker Jr., George A.
T1  - Some structural properties of two counter-examples to the Baker–Gammel–Wills conjecture
JO  - Journal of Computational & Applied Mathematics
JF  - Journal of Computational & Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 161
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
SN  - 03770427
AB  - I improve the counter-example of Lubinsky, and show that the counter-example of Buslaev is also relevant to the original form of the Baker–Gammel–Wills conjecture. I notice that these counter-examples have only a single spurious pole and that a patchwork of just two subsequences of diagonal Pade´ approximants provides uniform convergence in compact subsets of <f>|z|<1</f>. I find that both counter-examples can be characterized by the observation that they are associated with bounded <f>J</f>-matrices. I prove a number of results for the convergence of diagonal Pade´ approximants to functions which have bounded <f>J</f>-matrices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational & Applied Mathematics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PREDICTION (Logic)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - SET theory
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - Baker–Gammel–Wills conjecture
KW  - Padé approximants
KW  - Spurious poles
N1  - Accession Number: 11252016; Baker Jr., George A. 1; Email Address: gbj@viking.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 161 Issue 2, p371; Subject Term: PREDICTION (Logic); Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: SET theory; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baker–Gammel–Wills conjecture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Padé approximants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spurious poles; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cam.2003.05.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robey, H.F.
T1  - Numerical simulation of the hydrodynamics and mass transfer in the large scale, rapid growth of KDP crystals—2: computation of the mass transfer
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 259
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 388
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Numerical simulations of the hydrodynamics and mass transfer involved in the rapid growth of very large potassium di-hydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals with linear dimensions up to 60 cm and masses greater than 270 kg have been performed. The computational geometry corresponds very closely to the 1000-l crystallizers currently in use at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) for the growth of KDP crystals for the National Ignition Facility (NIF). In a related paper (J. Crystal Growth 222 (2000) 263), the temporal and spatial character of the three-dimensional, time-dependent, turbulent flow field was discussed. This paper presents the corresponding results concerning the mass transfer occurring at the crystal surface during the rapid growth process. Emphasis is placed on studying the surface concentration or supersaturation distribution, since it is critically involved in the processes of morphological instability and inclusion formation. The temporal and spatial evolution of the surface supersaturation is studied as a function of crystal size, growth rate, and rotation conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - A1. Computer simulation
KW  - A1. Fluid flows
KW  - A1. Mass transfer
KW  - A2. Growth from solutions
KW  - B1. Phosphates
N1  - Accession Number: 11206700; Robey, H.F. 1; Email Address: robey1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Inertial Confinement Fusion Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 259 Issue 4, p388; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Fluid flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Mass transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Growth from solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Phosphates; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.06.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, Y.L.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Dennis, K.W.
AU  - McCallum, R.W.
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
T1  - On the control of microstructure in rapidly solidified Nd–Fe–B alloys through melt treatment
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 267
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Rapidly solidified (RS) Nd2Fe14B alloys were prepared by melt-spinning under different melt treatment conditions i.e., the melt temperature was varied prior to ejection onto the quenching wheel. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermal analysis and magnetic measurement were conducted on the as-quenched alloys to investigate their structural and magnetic characteristics. RS Nd2Fe14B alloys may display a variety of microstructures depending upon the thermal history of the melt before ejection: it was possible to synthesize an entirely amorphous structure, a partially amorphous structure containing nuclei and/or nanophases and a nanocrystalline structure. The relationship between the formation of crystalline nuclei or nanophases and the thermal history of the melt was studied. A lower melt ejection temperature produced a nanocrystalline microstructure, while higher melt ejection temperatures (T>1723 K) largely eliminated the presence of nuclei and associated nanophases and produced an amorphous product. The experimental results indicated that optimization of the melt treatment conditions will produce rapidly solidified Nd–Fe–B alloys with a more uniform microstructure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Magnetic property
KW  - Melt-spinning
KW  - Nd–Fe–B
KW  - Thermal history of melt
N1  - Accession Number: 11294919; Tang, Y.L. 1 Kramer, M.J. 1; Email Address: mjkramer@ameslab.gov Dennis, K.W. 1 McCallum, R.W. 1 Lewis, L.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 267 Issue 3, p307; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic property; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melt-spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nd–Fe–B; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal history of melt; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00398-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ayers, Michael R.
AU  - White, Ashley A.
AU  - Song, Xanyoun
AU  - Hunt, Arlon J.
T1  - Preparation and characterization of aerogels derived from Al(OH)3 and CrO3
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 332
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Aerogels containing both Al2O3 and Cr2O3 were prepared by the reduction, by alcohols, of a precursor salt solution derived from Al(OH)3 and CrO3, followed by supercritical drying in either CO2 or ethanol. TEM analyses showed a microstructure typical of aerogels, with a connected matrix of ∼10-nm diameter particles and an open pore network. Subsequent thermal processing converts the initial aerogels to a high surface-area material comprised of Al2O3 and Cr2C3. Addition of ∼6% SiO2, relative to Al results in an increased retention of surface area at high temperatures. Surface areas of the aerogels after supercritical drying ranged from 240 to 700 m2/g, while after treatment at 1000 °C values ranged from 110 to 170 m2/g. The composition which showed the greatest temperature stability was 2(0.94Al2O3 · 0.06SiO2)Cr2O3. After treatment at 1000 °C, all a samples contained a large number of crystallites of the Cr2O3 phase, eskolaite, with diameters ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 μm. An additional unidentified phase may also be present. The presence of these larger crystallites leads to a lower transmittance in the near-IR due to increased scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11402574; Ayers, Michael R. 1 White, Ashley A. 1 Song, Xanyoun 1 Hunt, Arlon J.; Email Address: ajhunt@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 332 Issue 1-3, p173; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.09.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rustenholtz
AU  - A.
AU  - Fulton
AU  - J. L.
AU  - Wai
AU  - C. M.
T1  - An FT-IR Study of Crown Ether-Water Complexation in Supercritical CO2.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 11239
EP  - 11244
SN  - 10895639
AB  - In the presence of 18-crown-6, D2O forms a 1:1 complex with the macrocyclic molecule in supercritical fluid CO2 with two different configurations. The D2O molecule can be bonded to two oxygen atoms of the crown cavity in a bridged configuration that is characterized by a broad peak at 2590 cm-1. The D2O molecule can also form one hydrogen bond with an oxygen atom of the crown cavity that can be characterized by two peaks at 2679 and 2733 cm-1, with the former assigned to the hydrogen-bonded O-D stretching and the latter the unbonded O-D stretching. The equilibrium constants of the two configurations in supercritical CO2 have been calculated. The enthalpy of formation is -12 ± 2 kJ mol-1 for the single-hydrogen-bond complex and -38 ± 3 kJ mol-1 for the bridged configuration complex. At high 18-crown-6 to D2O ratios, the formation of another complex in supercritical CO2 that involves one D2O molecule hydrogen bonded to two 18-crown-6 molecules becomes possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11749905; Rustenholtz A. 1 Fulton J. L. 1 Wai C. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, and Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS P8-19, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 50, p11239; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaller
AU  - R. D.
AU  - Petruska
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Klimov
AU  - V. I.
T1  - Tunable Near-Infrared Optical Gain and Amplified Spontaneous Emission Using PbSe Nanocrystals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 13765
EP  - 13768
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Here, for the first time, we demonstrate amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from PbSe nanocrystals (NCs) with emission energies tunable in the near-infrared (IR). We show that despite complications associated with a high, 8-fold degeneracy of the lowest quantized states and fast, nonradiative Auger recombination, optical gain parameters of PbSe NCs are comparable to those of CdSe NCs used for light amplification in the visible. These results indicate that previous unsuccessful attempts to realize the lasing regime in NCs of lead salts were not due to intrinsic physical reasons but likely resulted from material quality issues. By using a novel sol-gel procedure that provides both good quality surface passivation and high NC filling factors (>15%), we fabricate PbSe NC/sol-gel nanocomposites that produce ASE, which is tunable via NC size, in the near-IR. This finding indicates the feasibility of NC-based amplifiers and lasers tunable in the near-IR range and, in particular, in the range of telecommunication windows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - LEAD
KW  - SALTS
KW  - TELECOMMUNICATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11749969; Schaller R. D. 1 Petruska M. A. 1 Klimov V. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, C-PCS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 50, p13765; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: SALTS; Subject Term: TELECOMMUNICATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517919 All Other Telecommunications; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517911 Telecommunications Resellers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811213 Communication Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517910 Other telecommunications; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Achermann
AU  - M.
AU  - Petruska
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Crooker
AU  - S. A.
AU  - Klimov
AU  - V. I.
T1  - Picosecond Energy Transfer in Quantum Dot Langmuir-Blodgett Nanoassemblies.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 13782
EP  - 13787
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We study spectrally resolved dynamics of Förster energy transfer in single monolayers and bilayers of semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots assembled using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) techniques. For a single monolayer, we observe a distribution of transfer times from ~50 ps to ~10 ns, which can be quantitatively modeled assuming that the energy transfer is dominated by interactions of a donor nanocrystal with acceptor nanocrystals from the first three “shells” surrounding the donor. We also detect an effective enhancement of the absorption cross section (up to a factor of 4) for larger nanocrystals on the “red” side of the size distribution, which results from strong, interdot electrostatic coupling in the LB film (the light-harvesting antenna effect). By assembling bilayers of nanocrystals of two different sizes, we are able to improve the donor-acceptor spectral overlap for engineered transfer in a specific (“vertical”) direction. These bilayers show a fast, unidirectional energy flow with a time constant of ~120 ps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11749973; Achermann M. 1 Petruska M. A. 1 Crooker S. A. 1 Klimov V. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, C-PCS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, MST-NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 50, p13782; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - L.-Q.
AU  - Shin
AU  - Y.
AU  - Samuels
AU  - W. D.
AU  - Exarhos
AU  - G. J.
AU  - Moudrakovski
AU  - I. L.
AU  - Terskikh
AU  - V. V.
AU  - Ripmeester
AU  - J. A.
T1  - Magnetic Resonance Studies of Hierarchically Ordered Replicas of Wood Cellular Structures Prepared by Surfactant-Mediated Mineralization.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 13793
EP  - 13802
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Hierarchically ordered positive and negative replicas of wood cellular structures prepared using surfactant templating methods under acidic and basic conditions have been studied by means of continuous flow hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR, solid-state MAS 13C, 29Si, and 2D WISE NMR spectroscopic techniques. 129Xe NMR data confirm a highly ordered and uniform structure with interconnected porosity in the positive silica wood replicas (SWR(+)) prepared under acidic conditions. In contrast, nonuniform porosity with irregular pore structures is inferred from similar data for negative silica wood replicas (SWR(-)) prepared under basic conditions. This contrasts with results from N2 adsorption and TEM measurements that indicate regular nanoporous channels in both cases. From 13C MAS NMR spectra, significant leaching of wood lignin was found to occur under acidic but was not evident for samples subjected to basic treatment. 29Si MAS NMR spectra revealed higher hydroxylation levels for the silica replica prepared under acidic conditions compared to those observed in samples prepared under basic conditions. 2D WISE NMR experiments showed increased mobility of protons associated with the organic functional groups in cellulose after acidic treatment when compared with the dry and base-treated wood. Reported NMR data provide compelling evidence for the proposed mechanism of surfactant directed mineralization of wood cellular structures in acidic and basic solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - SILICA
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - SURFACE active agents
N1  - Accession Number: 11749975; Wang L.-Q. 1 Shin Y. 1 Samuels W. D. 1 Exarhos G. J. 1 Moudrakovski I. L. 1 Terskikh V. V. 1 Ripmeester J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Material Science Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 50, p13793; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Piao
AU  - H.
AU  - Adib
AU  - K.
AU  - Chang
AU  - Z.
AU  - Hrbek
AU  - J.
AU  - Enever
AU  - M.
AU  - Barteau
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Mullins
AU  - D. R.
T1  - Multistep Reaction Processes in Epoxide Formation from 1-Chloro-2-methyl-2-propanol on Ag(110) Revealed by TPXPS and TPD Experiments.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 13976
EP  - 13985
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Synchrotron-based temperature-programmed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TPXPS) in combination with temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) has been used to track C-Cl scission in the reaction of 1-chloro-2-methyl-2-propanol (Cl-tert-BuOH) on oxygen-containing Ag(110) surfaces. The results show that the oxygen pre-coverage strongly influences the cleavage of the C-Cl bond. At low coverages, C-Cl scission of chloro-t-butoxide intermediates begins at 200 K and isobutylene oxide (IBO) appears with a peak temperature of 235 K; at higher coverages, the onset of C-Cl scission is shifted upward by 50 K and the IBO peak by 80 K. Quantitative models for the surface reaction kinetics were developed from the experimental data. These show that the reaction of adsorbed intermediates does not occur by an SN2 process that releases IBO directly into the gas phase. Instead, C-Cl scission deposits organic intermediates or products on the surface, and the appearance of IBO in the gas-phase lags the appearance of atomic chlorine on the surface. For the lower temperature channel, the rate of IBO evolution in TPD is influenced by the kinetics of both C-Cl scission and molecular IBO desorption. At higher temperatures, surface diffusion processes to open surface sites limit the rate of IBO production. Comparison with results for chlorine diffusion into silver suggests that this is the relevant diffusion process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - PROPANOLS
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11749998; Piao H. 1 Adib K. 1 Chang Z. 1 Hrbek J. 1 Enever M. 1 Barteau M. A. 1 Mullins D. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 50, p13976; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: PROPANOLS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dang
AU  - L. X.
AU  - Schenter
AU  - G. K.
AU  - Fulton
AU  - J. L.
T1  - EXAFS Spectra of the Dilute Solutions of Ca2+ and Sr2+ in Water and Methanol.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 14119
EP  - 14123
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A set of polarizable ion-water intermolecular potential models were developed that accurately describe solvation enthalpies and structural properties of Ca2+ and Sr2+ in aqueous solution. The molecular dynamics (MD) results were coupled to electron scattering simulations in order to generate the Ca2+ and Sr2+ extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra. These MD-XAFS spectra were found to be in good agreement with the corresponding experimental measurements including both the ion-oxygen and the ion-hydrogen distances for the first hydration shell. This work demonstrates that the combination of MD-EXAFS, and the corresponding experiment measurement provides a powerful tool in the analysis of the solvation structure of aqueous ionic solutions. The Ca2+-methanol interaction was also developed, and the dilute Ca2+ MD-EXAFS spectrum in liquid methanol was also predicted using the same approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 11750015; Dang L. X. 1 Schenter G. K. 1 Fulton J. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 50, p14119; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vanossi, A.
AU  - Röder, J.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
AU  - Bortolani, V.
T1  - Commensurate sliding on a multiple-well substrate potential
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: C
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: C
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 23
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 879
SN  - 09284931
AB  - In the context of microscopic solid friction phenomena, we study the underdamped dynamics of a Frenkel–Kontorova (FK) chain subject to an external dc force and a substrate potential defined by the sum of two sinusoidal functions with different periodicities. Particularly, focusing on mutually commensurate choices for the three inherent length scales of the system allows us to consider the formation of commensurate structures during sliding over the multiple-well on-site potential. These structures characterize the dynamical states observed during the chain motion at different strengths of the imposed driving. We comment on the nature of the particle dynamics in the vicinity of the pinning–depinning transition point and investigate the role played by the coverage variable on the depinning mechanism. The dependence of the minimal force required to initiate the chain motion (static friction) on the ratio of the model interaction strengths is analyzed and compared to the well-known case of the Frenkel–Kontorova model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - TRIBOLOGY
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Friction
KW  - Models of nonlinear phenomena
KW  - Tribology
N1  - Accession Number: 11538077; Vanossi, A. 1,2; Email Address: vanossi.andrea@unimore.it Röder, J. 1 Bishop, A.R. 1 Bortolani, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: INFM-S3 e Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41100 Modena, Italy; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 6-8, p879; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: TRIBOLOGY; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of nonlinear phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tribology; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msec.2003.09.135
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feldman, L.C.
AU  - Lűpke, G.
AU  - Tolk, N.H.
AU  - Lopez, R.
AU  - Haglund Jr., R.F.
AU  - Haynes, T.E.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
T1  - Particle–solid interactions and 21st century materials science
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 212
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The basic physics that governs the interaction of energetic ion beams with solids has its roots in the atomic and nuclear physics of the last century. The central formalism of Jens Lindhard, describing the “particle–solid interaction”, provides a valuable quantitative guide to statistically meaningful quantities such as energy loss, ranges, range straggling, channeling effects, sputtering coefficients, and damage intensity and profiles. Modern materials modification (nanoscience, solid state dynamics) requires atomic scale control of the particle–solid interaction. Two recent experimental examples are discussed: (1) the control of the size distribution of nanocrystals formed in implanted materials and (2) the investigation of the site-specific implantation of hydrogen into silicon. Both cases illustrate unique solid-state configurations, created by ion implantation, that address issues of current materials science interest. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11294815; Feldman, L.C. 1,2; Email Address: leonard.c.feldman@vanderbilt.edu Lűpke, G. 3 Tolk, N.H. 1 Lopez, R. 1 Haglund Jr., R.F. 1 Haynes, T.E. 2 Boatner, L.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: Condensed Matter Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Applied Science, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 212 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01834-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rehn, L.E.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
AU  - Baldo, P.M.
AU  - McCormick, A.W.
AU  - Funk, L.
T1  - Shock-wave production of nanoparticles during high-energy ion sputtering
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 212
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 326
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Several previous studies have shown that the size distributions of smaller nanoparticles (<f>n&les;40</f> where <f>n</f> is the number of atoms in a given cluster) generated by ion sputtering obey an inverse power law, with an exponent varying between −8 and −4, dependent upon the total sputtering yield. Such large negative exponents have not been explained by any simple physical mechanism. We reported electron microscopy studies of the size distributions of the larger nanoparticles (<f>n>500</f>) that are sputtered from the surface by high-energy ion impacts. These measurements also yielded an inverse power law, but one with an exponent of −2, and one that is independent of total sputtering yield. This inverse-square dependence indicates that the clusters are produced when shock waves, generated by sub-surface displacement cascades, impact and ablate the surface. Many smaller clusters can result from fragmentation of these larger ones, which helps explain the large negative exponents that have been reported previously. In this paper, we briefly review the previous results. In addition, we present new results demonstrating that the same inverse-square size distribution is generated in both transmission and reflection sputtering geometries.An important corollary from these results is that the sputtered nanoparticles consist of simple fragments of the original surface, that is particles which have not experienced any large thermal excursions. Hence high-energy ion sputtering should provide a convenient method for synthesizing a broad distribution of nanoparticles of a wide variety of alloy phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - IONS
KW  - ALLOYS
N1  - Accession Number: 11294871; Rehn, L.E.; Email Address: rehn@anl.gov Birtcher, R.C. 1 Baldo, P.M. 1 McCormick, A.W. 1 Funk, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700, South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 212 Issue 1-4, p326; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01423-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coester, F.
AU  - Riska, D.O.
T1  - Scaling of hadronic form factors in point form kinematics
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 728
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The general features of baryon form factors calculated with point form kinematics are derived. With point form kinematics and spectator currents hadronic form factors are functions of <f>η:=<NU>1</NU>/4(vout−vin)2</f> and, over a range of <f>η</f> values, are insensitive to unitary scale transformations of the model wave functions when the extent of the wave function is small compared to the scale defined by the constituent mass, <f>〈r2〉≪1/m2</f>. The form factors are sensitive to the shape of such compact wave functions. Simple 3-quark proton wave functions are employed to illustrate these features. Rational and algebraic model wave functions lead to a reasonable representation of the empirical form factors, while Gaussian wave functions fail. In point form kinematics the form factors have nontrivial behavior in the limit <f>〈r2〉m2=0</f> with power law behavior for large values of <f>η</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
N1  - Accession Number: 11174828; Coester, F. 1 Riska, D.O. 2; Email Address: riska@pcu.helsinki.fi; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Helsinki Institute of Physics and Department of Physical Sciences, PO Box 64, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 728 Issue 3/4, p439; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tan, Shun
AU  - Yue, Song
AU  - Zhang, Yuheng
T1  - Jahn–Teller distortion induced by Mg<f>/</f>Zn substitution on Mn sites in the perovskite manganites
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 319
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 530
SN  - 03759601
AB  - The effect of Mg doping in <f>La2/3Sr1/3Mn1−xMgxO3</f> <f>(0.05&les;x&les;0.2)</f> and Zn doping in <f>LaMn1−yZnyO3</f> <f>(0.05&les;y&les;0.4)</f> were investigated. For heavily doped samples with <f>x&ges;0.15</f> and with <f>y&ges;0.10</f>, there are not the insulating-metallic transition associated with the paramagnetic–ferromagnetic transition. It is suggested that the <f>MnO6</f> octahedron neighboring Mg<f>/</f>Zn is contorted by Mg<f>/</f>Zn doping and the Jahn–Teller (JT) distortion of the <f>Mn3+</f> ion in contorted <f>MnO6</f> octahedron is different from that in conventional <f>MnO6</f> octahedron. The <f>eg</f> carriers must overcome the energy gap caused by different JT distortion. This is the origin of insulating behavior in ferromagnetic state. This view can be proved by fitting XRD data and IR spectra. The conductive behavior is determined by thermal activation model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - JAHN-Teller effect
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - ZINC
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - IR spectra
KW  - JT distortion
KW  - Octahedron
KW  - Perovskite manganites
KW  - Thermal activation model
N1  - Accession Number: 11537196; Tan, Shun 1 Yue, Song 1 Zhang, Yuheng; Email Address: zhangyh@ustc.edu.cn; Affiliation:  1: Structure Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, PR China; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 319 Issue 5/6, p530; Subject Term: JAHN-Teller effect; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: IR spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: JT distortion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Octahedron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite manganites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal activation model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.10.061
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murphy, M.K.
AU  - Kovács, A.
AU  - Miller, S.D.
AU  - McLaughlin, W.L.
T1  - Dose response and post-irradiation characteristics of the Sunna 535-nm photo-fluorescent film dosimeter
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 981
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Results of characterization studies on one of the first versions of the Sunna photo-fluorescent dosimeter™ have previously been reported, and the performance of the red fluorescence component described. This present paper describes dose response and post-irradiation characteristics of the green fluorescence component from the same dosimeter film (Sunna Model γ), which is manufactured using the injection molding technique. This production method may supply batch sizes on the order of 1 million dosimeter film elements while maintaining a signal precision (<f>1σ</f>) on the order of ±1% without the need to correct for variability of film thickness. The dosimeter is a 1 cm×3 cm polymeric film of 0.5-mm thickness that emits green fluorescence at intensities increasing almost linearly with dose. The data presented include dose response, post-irradiation growth, heat treatment, dosimeter aging, dose rate dependence, energy dependence, dose fractionation, variation of response within a batch, and the stability of the fluorimeter response. The results indicate that, as a routine dosimeter, the green signal provides a broad range of response at food irradiation (0.3–5 kGy), medical sterilization (5–40 kGy), and polymer cross-linking (40–250 kGy) dose levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - DOSAGE of drugs
KW  - STERILIZATION (Disinfection)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - Dosimetry
KW  - Film dosimeters
KW  - Food irradiation
KW  - Radiation processing
KW  - Sterilization
N1  - Accession Number: 11786951; Murphy, M.K. 1; Email Address: mk.murphy@pnl.gov Kovács, A. 2 Miller, S.D. 3 McLaughlin, W.L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Battelle–Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Institute of Isotopes and Surface Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary  3: Sunna Systems Corporation, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Ionizing Radiation Division, Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 68 Issue 6, p981; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: DOSAGE of drugs; Subject Term: STERILIZATION (Disinfection); Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Film dosimeters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sterilization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00441-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murphy, M.K.
AU  - Kovács, A.
AU  - McLaughlin, W.L.
AU  - Miller, S.D.
AU  - Puhl, J.M.
T1  - Sunna 535-nm photo-fluorescent film dosimeter response to different environmental conditions
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 995
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Evaluations on the influence of environmental variabilities on the red fluorescence component of the Sunna Model <f>γ</f> photo-fluorescent dosimeterTM have previously been reported. This present paper describes the environmental effects on the response of the green fluorescence component of the same dosimeter, which is manufactured using the injection molding technique. The results presented include temperature, relative humidity, and light influences both during and after irradiation. The green fluorescence signal shows a significant dependence on irradiation temperature below room temperature at 1%/°C. Above room temperature (approximately 24–60°C), the irradiation temperature effect varies from −0.1%/°C to 1.0%/°C, depending on the absorbed dose level. For facilities with irradiation temperatures between 30°C and 60°C and absorbed dose levels above 10 kGy, irradiation temperature effects are minimal. Light-effects results indicate that the dosimeter is influenced by ultraviolet and blue wavelengths during irradiation as well as during the post-irradiation stabilization period (approximately 22 h), requiring the use of light-tight packaging. Results also show that the dosimeter exhibits negligible effects from ambient moisture during and after irradiation when in the range of 33–95% relative humidity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - DOSIMETERS
KW  - STERILIZATION (Disinfection)
KW  - Dosimetry
KW  - Film dosimeters
KW  - Food irradiation
KW  - Radiation processing
KW  - Sterilization
N1  - Accession Number: 11786952; Murphy, M.K. 1; Email Address: mk.murphy@pnl.gov Kovács, A. 2 McLaughlin, W.L. 3 Miller, S.D. 4 Puhl, J.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Battelle–Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Institute of Isotopes and Surface Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary  3: Physics Laboratory, Ionizing Radiation Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  4: Sunna Systems Corporation, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 68 Issue 6, p995; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: DOSIMETERS; Subject Term: STERILIZATION (Disinfection); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Film dosimeters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sterilization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00443-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786952&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butko, V.Y.
AU  - Chi, X.
AU  - Ramirez, A.P.
T1  - Free-standing tetracene single crystal field effect transistor
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 128
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We have fabricated and studied field effect transistors (FETs) on the optically transparent free-standing organic single crystals of tetracene. These FETs exhibit effective hole channel mobility <f>μeff</f> up to 0.15 cm2/Vs and on–off ratios up to 2×107. Using measured values of <f>μeff,</f> thermal activation energy, and a simple model, we deduce an intrinsic free carrier mobility in the range of tens of cm2/Vs, similar to that found in pentacene crystals. These values should be considered only as a rough indication of achievable mobilities in samples much purer than those presently studied. The obtained results show the possibility of FET behavior in transparent crystals with low intrinsic carrier density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HOLES (Electron deficiencies)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS -- Recombination
KW  - 72.20.Jv
KW  - A. Organic crystals
KW  - A. Semiconductors
KW  - B. Crystal growth
KW  - D. Electronic transport
KW  - D. Recombination and trapping
N1  - Accession Number: 11151410; Butko, V.Y.; Email Address: vbutko@lanl.gov Chi, X. 1 Ramirez, A.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-10, MS-K764, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 128 Issue 11, p431; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HOLES (Electron deficiencies); Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS -- Recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: 72.20.Jv; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Organic crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Recombination and trapping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.08.041
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11151410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mason, T.O.
AU  - Kammler, D.R.
AU  - Ingram, B.J.
AU  - Gonzalez, G.B.
AU  - Young, D.L.
AU  - Coutts, T.J.
T1  - Key structural and defect chemical aspects of Cd–In–Sn–O transparent conducting oxides
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 445
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 186
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The equilibrium phase diagram (1175 °C in air), solubility ranges and room temperature physical properties (electrical, optical) were established for the various n-type transparent conductors in the CdO–In2O3–SnO2 system. Extended solubility ranges were found to exist at constant Cd/Sn ratio for the bixbyite, spinel and orthorhombic perovskite phases. This is attributed to the isovalent and nearly size-matched nature of the co-substitution. Still larger solubility ranges were found for metastably-processed thin films. Co-doped bixyite and spinel phases were found to be inherently off-stoichiometric with respect to cation composition, leading to self-doped n-type character, in bulk and films. A correlation was found between optimized conductivity in the various phases and the density of octahedral Cd, In and/or Sn species in their crystal structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - Bixbyite
KW  - Cd–In–Sn–O system
KW  - Perovskite
KW  - Spinel
KW  - Transparent conducting oxide (TCO)
N1  - Accession Number: 11607164; Mason, T.O. 1; Email Address: t-mason@northwestern.edu Kammler, D.R. 1 Ingram, B.J. 1 Gonzalez, G.B. 1 Young, D.L. 2 Coutts, T.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Northwestern University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Center, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 445 Issue 2, p186; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bixbyite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cd–In–Sn–O system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spinel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transparent conducting oxide (TCO); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.08.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11607164&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ginley, David
AU  - Roy, B.
AU  - Ode, Aiko
AU  - Warmsingh, C.
AU  - Yoshida, Y.
AU  - Parilla, Philip
AU  - Teplin, Charles
AU  - Kaydanova, Tanya
AU  - Miedaner, Alex
AU  - Curtis, Calvin
AU  - Martinson, Alex
AU  - Coutts, Tim
AU  - Readey, Dennis
AU  - Hosono, Hideo
AU  - Perkins, John
T1  - Non-vacuum and PLD growth of next generation TCO materials
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2003/12/15/
VL  - 445
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Transparent conducting oxides represent a key component in a number of important opto-electronic technologies. The demand for improved materials is increasing. It is increasingly important to develop improved materials and process techniques. We report on the PLD growth of both Mo doped In-O, an n-type material with enhanced mobilities, and p-type Ca–CuInO2 films with improved conductivity. In both cases, very high quality films have been obtained with improved opto-electronic properties. We also report on a solution based route to p-type Cu2SrO2 which has produced phase pure films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - Copper oxide
KW  - Indium oxide
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Oxides
KW  - Solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 11607165; Ginley, David 1; Email Address: david-ginley@nrel.gov Roy, B. 2 Ode, Aiko 2 Warmsingh, C. 2 Yoshida, Y. 2 Parilla, Philip 1 Teplin, Charles 1 Kaydanova, Tanya 1 Miedaner, Alex 1 Curtis, Calvin 1 Martinson, Alex 1 Coutts, Tim 1 Readey, Dennis 2 Hosono, Hideo 3 Perkins, John 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: Materials and Structural Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 445 Issue 2, p193; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar cells; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.08.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11607165&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fedotov, Alexei V.
T1  - Mechanisms of halo formation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 8
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Uncontrolled beam loss leads to excessive radioactivation in high-intensity machines. At the same time, it strongly affects performance of high-energy accelerators and colliders. For the well controlled beam, the loss is typically associated with the low density halo surrounding beam core. There are many mechanisms which contribute to halo formation. Some of them are more important for linear accelerators while other are more relevant to circular machines. In order to minimize uncontrolled beam loss or improve performance of an accelerator, it is very important to understand what are the sources of halo formation, as well as which of them can have significant contribution for a specific machine of interest. In this paper, we overview various mechanisms of halo formation. We then specifically discuss which effects are expected to be dominant in linear accelerator and which effects dominate in rings, concentrating on high-intensity machines. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - NUCLEAR activation analysis
KW  - MACHINERY
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14203540; Fedotov, Alexei V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR activation analysis; Subject Term: MACHINERY; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638311
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203540&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shea, Tom
AU  - Cameron, Peter
T1  - Halo Diagnostics Overview.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 13
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Focuses on the workshop on halo diagnostics. Focus of the accelerator physicists on designing and operating their machines to minimize halo; Result of the effect of halo on the experimenters who use the beam; Attendance of world's accelerator physicists, instrumentation specialists and collimation experts.
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
N1  - Accession Number: 14203539; Shea, Tom 1 Cameron, Peter 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638312
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203539&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mokhov, N. V.
T1  - Beam Collimation at Hadron Colliders.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
EP  - 19
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Operational and accidental beam losses in hadron colliders can have a serious impact on machine and detector performance, resulting in effects ranging from minor to catastrophic. Principles and realization are described for a reliable beam collimation system required to sustain favorable background conditions in the collider detectors, provide quench stability of superconducting magnets, minimize irradiation of accelerator equipment, maintain operational reliability over the life of the machine, and reduce the impact of radiation on personnel and the environment. Based on detailed Monte-Carlo simulations, such a system has been designed and incorporated in the Tevatron collider. Its performance, comparison to measurements and possible ways to further improve the collimation efficiency are described in detail. Specifics of the collimation systems designed for the SSC, LHC, VLHC, and HERA colliders are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - MACHINERY
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14203538; Mokhov, N. V. 1; Email Address: rnokhov@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p14; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: MACHINERY; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: RADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638313
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203538&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jie Wei
T1  - Beam Cleaning in High Power Proton Accelerators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 43
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - One of the primary concerns in the operation of high-power accelerators is machine componentradio-activation caused by uncontrolled beam loss. Beam collimation and halo cleaning play a crucial role in minimizing uncontrolled beam loss. This paper reviews past experience, and discusses design principle, operational strategy, and challenging issues in beam cleaning in high-power accelerators like the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14203534; Jie Wei 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p38; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638317
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203534&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ostroumov, P.N.
T1  - Sources of Beam Halo Formation In Heavy-Ion Superconducting Linac And Development Of Halo Cleaning Methods.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 56
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) Facility, an innovative exotic-beam facility for production of high-quality energetic beams of short-lived isotopes, will contain two superconducting linacs. To produce sufficient intensities of secondary beams the driver linac will provide 400 kW accelerated beams of any ion from hydrogen to uranium. A detailed design has been developed for the focusing-accelerating lattice of the RIA driver linac which is configured as an array of short SC cavities, each with independently controllable rf phase. To obtain high-power heavy-ion beams the driver linac uses simultaneous acceleration of multiple charge states and two strippers. End-to-end beam dynamics simulations in six-dimensional phase space were applied to study all possible sources of beam halo formation in the driver linac. The concept of a “beam-loss-free” linac is developed and implies beam halo collimation in designated areas. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - ION accelerators
KW  - IONS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - URANIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14203531; Ostroumov, P.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: ION accelerators; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: URANIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638320
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203531&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruggiero, Alessandro G.
T1  - Longitudinal Mismatch in SCL as a Source of Beam Halo.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 72
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An advantage of a proton Super-Conducting Linac (SCL) is that RF cavities can be operated independently, allowing easier beam transport and acceleration. But cavities are to be separated by drifts long enough to avoid they couple to each other. Moreover, cavities are placed in cryostats that include inactive insertions for cold-warm transitions; and interspersed are warm insertions for magnets and other devices. The SCL is then an alternating sequence of accelerating elements and drifts. No periodicity is present, and the longitudinal motion is not adiabatic. This has the consequence that the beam bunch ellipse will tumble, dilute and create a halo in the momentum plane because of inherent nonlinearities. When this is coupled to longitudinal space-charge forces, it may cause beam loss with latent activation of the accelerator components. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
N1  - Accession Number: 14203527; Ruggiero, Alessandro G. 1; Email Address: agr@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p69; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638324
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203527&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Danilov, V. V.
AU  - Holmes, J. A.
T1  - Halo and RMS Beam Growth due to Transverse Impedance.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 80
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Collective beam dynamics will play a major role in determining losses in high intensity rings. We demonstrate here, using both analytic and computational models, that beam halo can form under the influence of transverse impedances, even for stable cases well below the instability threshold. It is shown for cases above the instability threshold that rms beam size and halo develop more rapidly than the beam centroid. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - BEAM optics
KW  - ELECTRIC impedance
KW  - PARTICLE beam instabilities
N1  - Accession Number: 14203525; Danilov, V. V. 1 Holmes, J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: SNS Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6473; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: BEAM optics; Subject Term: ELECTRIC impedance; Subject Term: PARTICLE beam instabilities; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638326
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203525&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
AU  - Weng, W.T.
AU  - Beebe-Wang, J.
AU  - Raparia, D.
AU  - Ruggiero, A. G.
AU  - Tsoupas, N.
T1  - Effects of Halo on the AGS Injection from 1.2Gev Linac.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Chapter
SP  - 85
EP  - 88
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - BNL is conducting a design study of a 1.0 MW super neutrino beam facility. It requires 230 turns charge exchange injection from a 1.2 GeV superconducting linac with 28 mA current for 0.72 msec. This report studies the impact of halo distribution of the linac beam on the efficiency of injection and the final beam distribution in the AGS as functions of the injection orbit bump and the foil thickness. Another important consideration is the residual radiation generated on the accelerator components near the injection area. If necessary, radiation hardened components and local shielding have to be provided. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - CURRENTS (Calculus of variations)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - INJECTIONS
KW  - SHIELDING (Radiation)
N1  - Accession Number: 14203523; Weng, W.T. 1; Email Address: weng@bnl.gov Beebe-Wang, J. 1 Raparia, D. 1 Ruggiero, A. G. 1 Tsoupas, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11766; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: CURRENTS (Calculus of variations); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: INJECTIONS; Subject Term: SHIELDING (Radiation); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Book Chapter
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638328
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203523&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ikegami, Masanori
AU  - Kato, Takao
AU  - Igarashi, Zenei
AU  - Ueno, Akira
AU  - Kondo, Yasuhiro
AU  - Ryne, Robert
AU  - Ji Qiang
T1  - Comparison of Particle Simulation with J-PARC Linac MEBT Beam Test Results.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 96
EP  - 99
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The construction of the initial part of the J-PARC linac has been started at KEK for beam tests before moving to the JAERI Tokai campus, where J-PARC facility is finally to be constructed. The RFQ and MEBT (Medium Energy Beam Transport) has already been installed at KEK, and the beam test has been performed successfully. In this paper, the experimental results of the beam test are compared with simulation results with a 3D PIC (Particle-In-Cell) code, IMPACT. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - RADIO frequency
N1  - Accession Number: 14203520; Ikegami, Masanori 1 Kato, Takao 1 Igarashi, Zenei 1 Ueno, Akira 1 Kondo, Yasuhiro 2 Ryne, Robert 3 Ji Qiang 3; Affiliation:  1: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  2: JAERI, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  3: LBNL, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p96; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638331
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203520&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cameron, Peter
AU  - Wittenburg, Kay
T1  - Halo Diagnostics Summary.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 107
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Reports on the summary of halo measurement devices. Presentation of refinements to conventional wire scanners to permit tail measurements; Inclusion of electron cloud monitors, instability monitors, the quadruple moment monitor, energy analyzers, tune monitors and alternating current dipole in the presented diagnostics for halo prevention; Factor affecting the electron cloud instability.
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - WIRE
KW  - SCANNING systems
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - DIPOLE antennas
N1  - Accession Number: 14203519; Cameron, Peter 1 Wittenburg, Kay 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  2: Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, DESY Germany; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p103; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: DIPOLE antennas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638332
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203519&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wangler, Thomas P.
T1  - Physics Results from the Los Alamos Beam-Halo Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
EP  - 113
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present physics results from an experimental study of beam halo in a high-current 6.7-MeV proton beam propagating through a 52-quadrupole periodic-focusing channel. The gradients of the first four quadrupoles were independently adjusted to match or mismatch the injected beam. Emittances and beam widths were obtained from measured profiles for comparisons with maximum emittance predictions of a free-energy model and maximum halo-amplitude predictions of a particle-core model. The experiment supports both models and the present theoretical picture of halo formation. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - BEAM optics
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
N1  - Accession Number: 14203518; Wangler, Thomas P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p108; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: BEAM optics; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638333
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203518&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cameron, Peter
T1  - Tune-Based Halo Diagnostics.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 121
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Tune-based halo diagnostics can be divided into two categories — diagnostics for halo prevention, and diagnostics for halo measurement. Diagnostics for halo prevention are standard fare in accumulators, synchrotrons, and storage rings, and again can be divided into two categories — diagnostics to measure the tune distribution (primarily to avoid resonances), and diagnostics to identify instabilities (which will not be discussed here). These diagnostic systems include kicked (coherent) tune measurement, phase-locked loop (PLL) tune measurement, Schottky tune measurement, beam transfer function (BTF) measurements, and measurement of transverse quadrupole mode envelope oscillations. We refer briefly to tune diagnostics used at RHIC and intended for the SNS, and then present experimental results. Tune-based diagnostics for halo measurement (as opposed to prevention) are considerably more difficult. We present one brief example of tune-based halo measurement. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - PARTICLE beam instabilities
KW  - COHERENT states
KW  - TRANSFER functions (Mathematics)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
N1  - Accession Number: 14203516; Cameron, Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p118; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: PARTICLE beam instabilities; Subject Term: COHERENT states; Subject Term: TRANSFER functions (Mathematics); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638335
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203516&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gassner, D.
AU  - Brown, K. A.
AU  - Chiang, I. H.
T1  - Scintillator Telescope in the AGS Extracted Beamline.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
EP  - 128
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An instrument for probing beam halo and obtaining beam profiles is discussed. The device described here is a prototype version, to obtain data and prepare for a more permanent device. The goals of the permanent device are to allow slow extracted beam emittances to be more routinely measured and to have a diagnostic for probing the wings of the beam distribution. The device works on secondary emission from thin targets, as well as scattering into two scintillator telescopes. The targets are movable over the entire aperture at the device. Data will be presented, as well as a description of the design of the system. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - HOLES
N1  - Accession Number: 14203514; Gassner, D. 1 Brown, K. A. 1 Chiang, I. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p126; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: HOLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638337
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203514&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drees, K.A.
AU  - Fliller, R.
AU  - Trbojevic, D.
AU  - Kain, V.
T1  - Collimation Experience at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 136
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) the abort kicker magnets are the limiting aperture. Continuous losses at this location could deteriorate the kicker performance. In addition, losses especially in the triplet area cause backgrounds in the experimental detectors. The RHIC one-stage collimation system was used to reduce these backgrounds as well as losses at the abort kickers. Collimation performance and results from various runs with even and uneven species (Au-Au, pp and d-Au) are presented and compared. Upgrades of the system for the upcoming high luminosity runs are outlined. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - HOLES
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
N1  - Accession Number: 14203512; Drees, K.A. Fliller, R. Trbojevic, D. 1 Kain, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p133; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: HOLES; Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638339
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203512&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gassner, D.
AU  - Cameron, P.
AU  - Witkover, R.
T1  - SNS Longitudinal and Transverse Halo Measurement.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
EP  - 139
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Stringent particle loss constraints for the SNS accumulator ring require that the beam gap must be kept clean, and beam in the halo be lost in a controlled manner. A fixed amplitude resonant strip line kicker system capable of reversing polarity turn by turn is being designed for gap cleaning. Detectors will be installed in the Ring to observe the radiation from the interaction of the kicked gap beam on a movable scraper using a gated photomultiplier with a scintillator. This detector will also be used to measure the transverse halo of the circulating beam. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14203511; Gassner, D. 1 Cameron, P. 1 Witkover, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: TechSource Inc., Santa Fe, NM; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p137; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638340
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203511&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Mokhov, N.V.
T1  - Collimation Working Group Summary Report.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 153
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Focuses on the status of the collimation system developments, design and performance in high-power proton machines, hadron collider and e+e-linear colliders. Description of the status, performance and outstanding issues of beam collimation; Use of Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) as a example; Reduction of uncontrolled beam losses in the machine to an allowable level.
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - MACHINERY
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - LINEAR colliders
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14203508; Drees, A. 1 Mokhov, N.V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p151; Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: MACHINERY; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: LINEAR colliders; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638343
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203508&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakao, Noriaki
AU  - Mokhov, Nikolai
AU  - Yamamoto, Kazami
AU  - Irie, Yoshiro
AU  - Drozhdin, Alexander
T1  - MARS14 Collimation and Shielding Studies for the 3 GeV Ring of J-PARC Project.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 158
EP  - 161
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - MARS14 Monte Carlo simulations were performed for collimation and shielding studies of the J-PARC 3 GeV ring. A 400 MeV proton beam loss distribution, calculated with the STRUCT code, was used as a source term. The module locations in the ring and the curved tunnel sections were described by the MAD-MARS beam line builder and a deep penetration calculation with good statistics was carried out using a 3-dimensional multi-layer technique. Prompt dose-rate distributions were calculated inside and outside the concrete and soil shield, and an effective shielding design was made. The residual dose rates for various beam line materials were also calculated to estimate the external-exposures during maintenance. In this paper, the calculation results are exemplified for the region from the injection through the collimator. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - SHIELDING (Radiation)
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
N1  - Accession Number: 14203506; Nakao, Noriaki 1 Mokhov, Nikolai 2 Yamamoto, Kazami 3 Irie, Yoshiro 1 Drozhdin, Alexander 2; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 JAPAN  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL 60510-0500  3: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 319-1195, JAPAN; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p158; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: SHIELDING (Radiation); Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638345
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203506&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simos, N.
AU  - Ludewig, H.
AU  - Raparia, D.
AU  - Catalan-Lasheras, N.
AU  - Brodowski, J.
AU  - Murdoch, G.
T1  - SNS Collimating System Design — Performance and Integration.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 166
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The collimating system in the accumulator ring and transfer lines of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) project is responsible for stopping 0.1% of the 2 MW beam of 1.0 GeV protons that are in the beam halo. The collimating structures are a combination of movable beam scrapers and stationary absorbers. Specifically, pairs of charge-exchange foils or scrapers moving in-and-out of the beam in the vertical and horizontal directions help guide the halo protons into respective absorbers which consist of an intricate design of a double wall beam tube, a water-cooled particle bed and radial shielding. Off-momentum protons, with the help of respective charge exchange foils and a dipole magnet, are directed to a momentum dump consisting of a cooled particle bed downstream of a double-walled window separating it from the vacuum space. Addressed in this paper is the thermo-mechanical response and survivability of key components of the collimating system (such as the collimating beam tube in the absorbers, the beam windows and the primary element of the bean scraper structure) in the event of intercept of the full beam under accident conditions. While the potential for the full beam to be intercepted by these components is remote, still special attention will be paid in assessing the amount of full beam (or number of pulses) they can tolerate. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - BEAM optics
KW  - SCRAPERS (Earthmoving machinery)
KW  - NEUTRON absorbers
N1  - Accession Number: 14203505; Simos, N. 1 Ludewig, H. 1 Raparia, D. 1 Catalan-Lasheras, N. 2 Brodowski, J. 1 Murdoch, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA 11973  2: CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p162; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: BEAM optics; Subject Term: SCRAPERS (Earthmoving machinery); Subject Term: NEUTRON absorbers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333120 Construction Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638346
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203505&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ludewig, H.
AU  - Simos, N.
AU  - Davino, D.
AU  - Cousineau, S.
AU  - Catalan-Lasheras, N.
AU  - Brodowski, J.
AU  - Tuozzolo, J.
AU  - Longo, C.
AU  - Mullany, B.
AU  - Raparia, D.
T1  - Estimate of Dose and Residual Activity in the SNS Ring Collimation Straight.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
EP  - 171
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The collimation system in the SNS ring includes a two-stage collimator consisting of a halo scraper and an appropriate fixed aperture collimator. This unit is placed between the first quadru-pole and the first doublet in the collimation straight section of the ring. The entire structure is surrounded by an outer shield structure. The downstream dose to the doublet and the attached corrector magnet will be estimated for normal operating conditions. In addition, the activities of cooling water, tunnel air, and dose to cables will be estimated. The dose at the flange locations will be estimated following machine shutdown. Finally, the implied dose to surroundings during the removal of an exposed collimator will be made. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
KW  - SCRAPERS (Earthmoving machinery)
KW  - HOLES
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MACHINERY
N1  - Accession Number: 14203504; Ludewig, H. 1 Simos, N. 1 Davino, D. 2 Cousineau, S. 3 Catalan-Lasheras, N. 4 Brodowski, J. 1 Tuozzolo, J. 1 Longo, C. 1 Mullany, B. 1 Raparia, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA  2: Univesita `del Sannio, Benevento, Italy  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  4: CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p167; Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Subject Term: SCRAPERS (Earthmoving machinery); Subject Term: HOLES; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MACHINERY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333120 Construction Machinery Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638347
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203504&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murdoch, G.
AU  - Decarlo, A.
AU  - Potter, K.
AU  - Roseberry, T.
AU  - Schubert, J.
AU  - Brodowski, J.
AU  - Ludewig, H.
AU  - Tuozzolo, J.
AU  - Simos, N.
AU  - Hirst, J.
T1  - Handling High Activity Components on the SNS (Collimators and Linac Passive Dump Window).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
EP  - 175
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Spallation Neutron Source accelerator will provide a 1 GeV, 1.44 MW proton beam to a liquid mercury target for neutron production. The expected highest doses to components are in the collimation regions. This paper presents the mechanical engineering design of a typical collimator highlighting the features incorporated to assist with collimator removal once it is activated. These features include modular shielding, integrated crane mounting, remote water fittings and vacuum clamps. Also presented is the design work in progress at present to validate the remote vacuum clamp design. This includes a test rig that mimics an active handling scenario where vacuum bellows can be compressed and clamps removed/replaced from a safe distance. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - MECHANICAL engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING design
KW  - SHIELDING (Radiation)
N1  - Accession Number: 14203503; Murdoch, G. 1 Decarlo, A. 1 Potter, K. 1 Roseberry, T. 1 Schubert, J. 1 Brodowski, J. 2 Ludewig, H. 2 Tuozzolo, J. 2 Simos, N. 2 Hirst, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973  3: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon, UK; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p172; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: MECHANICAL engineering; Subject Term: ENGINEERING design; Subject Term: SHIELDING (Radiation); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638348
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203503&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Still, D.
AU  - Annala, J.
AU  - Church, M.
AU  - Hendricks, B.
AU  - Kramper, B.
AU  - Legan, A.
T1  - The Tevatron Collider Run II Halo Removal System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 176
EP  - 179
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Fermilab Collider Run I (1994–1996) experienced limitations in the Tevatron halo removal system that motivated upgrades for the halo removal system for the Collider Run II. The upgrade provided a new 2 stage collimator design, new designs for collimators and collimator motion control incorporating loss monitor and beam intensity feedback. A central process is used to coordinate the 12 collimator microprocessors that utilize local feedback to produce an automated halo removal system. The halo removal system and experiences for the Tevatron Collider Run II will be described. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
KW  - MOTION control devices
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14203502; Still, D. 1 Annala, J. 1 Church, M. 1 Hendricks, B. 1 Kramper, B. 1 Legan, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510 USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p176; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Subject Term: MOTION control devices; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335314 Relay and Industrial Control Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638349
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203502&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rakhno, I. L.
AU  - Mokhov, N. V.
AU  - Drozhdin, A. I.
T1  - Collider and Detector Protection at Beam Accidents.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
EP  - 191
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Dealing with beam loss due to abort kicker prefire is considered for hadron colliders. The prefires occured at Tevatron (Fermilab) during Run I and Run II are analyzed and a protection system implemented is described. The effect of accidental beam loss in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN on machine and detector components is studied via realistic Monte Carlo calculations. The simulations show that beam loss at an unsynchronized beam abort would result in severe heating of conventional and superconducting magnets and possible damage to the collider detector elements. A proposed set of collimators would reduce energy deposition effects to acceptable levels. Special attention is paid to reducing peak temperature rise within the septum magnet and minimizing quench region length downstream of the LHC beam abort straight section. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HEATING
N1  - Accession Number: 14203499; Rakhno, I. L. 1; Email Address: rakhno@fnal.gov Mokhov, N. V. 1 Drozhdin, A. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p188; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HEATING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638352
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203499&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kostin, M.A.
AU  - Mokhov, N.Y.
AU  - Striganov, S.I.
AU  - Tropin, I.S.
T1  - Simulation Aspects of Beam Collimation and Their Remedies in the MARS14 Code.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 196
EP  - 199
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Simulation aspects of beam collimation are described along with a number of tools and methods developed and used within the mars14 framework. The tools and methods were implemented in order to relieve the burden of simulations needed for reliable calculations required for design of efficient collimation systems at high-intensity accelerators and colliders. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14203497; Kostin, M.A. 1 Mokhov, N.Y. 1 Striganov, S.I. 1 Tropin, I.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510  2: Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634034, Russia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p196; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638354
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203497&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fischer, W.
AU  - Sen, T.
T1  - Beam-Beam’03 Summary.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 220
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper summarizes the presentations and discussions of the Beam-Beam’03 workshop, held in Montauk, Long Island, from May 19 to 23, 2003. Presentations and discussions focused on halo generation from beam-beam interactions; beam-beam limits, especially coherent limits and their effects on existing and future hadron colliders; beam-beam compensation techniques, particularly for long-range interactions; and beam-beam study tools in theory, simulation, and experiment. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - COLLIDING particle beams
KW  - COHERENCE (Optics)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14203493; Fischer, W. 1 Sen, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p215; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: COLLIDING particle beams; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Optics); Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638358
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fischer, Wolfram
T1  - Summary of Beam-beam Observations during Stores in RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 234
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - During stores, the beam-beam interaction has a significant impact on the beam and luminosity lifetimes in RHIC. This was observed in heavy ion, and even more pronounced in proton collisions. Observations include measurements of beam-beam induced tune shifts, lifetime and emittance growth measurements with and without beam-beam interaction, and background rates as a function of tunes. In addition, RHIC is currently the only hadron collider in which strong-strong beam-beam effects can be seen. Coherent beam-beam modes were observed, and suppressed by tune changes. In this article we summarize the most important beam-beam observations made during stores so far. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - COLLIDING particle beams
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRON colliders
N1  - Accession Number: 14203490; Fischer, Wolfram 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p231; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: COLLIDING particle beams; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638361
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203490&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fischer, W.
AU  - Blaskiewicz, M.
T1  - Luminosity Increase at the Incoherent Beam-Beam Limit with Six Superbunches in RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
EP  - 247
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - By colliding bunches of greater length under a larger angle, the tune spread caused by the beam-beam interaction can be reduced. Assuming a constant limit for the beam-beam tune shift, the bunch intensity can then be raised. In this way, a luminosity increase is possible. We review this strategy for proton beams in RHIC, with two collisions and consider six long bunches. Barrier cavities are used to fill every accelerating bucket of the machine, except for an abort gap, and to create the superbunches bunches at store. Resonances driven by the beam-beam interaction and coherent effects are neglected in this article. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - COLLIDING particle beams
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - COHERENCE (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14203487; Fischer, W. 1 Blaskiewicz, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p244; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: COLLIDING particle beams; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638364
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203487&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sen, T.
T1  - Theory and Observations of Beam-beam effects at the Tevatron.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 248
EP  - 251
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Long-range beam-beam interactions in Run II at the Tevatron are the dominant sources of beam loss and lifetime limitations of anti-protons, especially at injection energy. I discuss observations and theoretical understanding of these beam-beam effects. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - COLLIDING particle beams
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14203486; Sen, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p248; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: COLLIDING particle beams; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638365
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203486&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fischer, W.
AU  - Cameron, P.
AU  - Peggs, S.
AU  - Satogata, T.
T1  - Tune Modulation from Beam-Beam Interaction and Unequal Radio Frequencies in RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 252
EP  - 255
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The two RHIC rings have independent rf systems to accommodate different species. Thus, the radio frequencies can differ when the phase and radial loops are closed, and the rf frequencies of the two rings are not synchronized. A radio frequency difference leads to longitudinally moving beam crossing points. When the crossing points are between the beam splitting dipoles, the beams experience the beam-beam interaction. Outside the interaction region the beam-beam interaction is switched off. In this way the tune is modulated. A computation of the tune modulation depth, pulse shape and frequency is presented. Tune modulation measurements are shown. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - LOOPS (Group theory)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - COLLIDING particle beams
KW  - MODULATION (Electronics)
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
N1  - Accession Number: 14203485; Fischer, W. 1 Cameron, P. 1 Peggs, S. 1 Satogata, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p252; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: LOOPS (Group theory); Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: COLLIDING particle beams; Subject Term: MODULATION (Electronics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638366
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erdelyi, B.
AU  - Sen, T.
T1  - Wire Map and Applications to Long-Range Beam-Beam Compensation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 264
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Long range beam-beam effects play an important role in the Tevatron. Active compensation is envisaged by current wires, as proposed recently for the LHC. Here, we present the first steps in this program, namely the principle of the compensation, the derivation of the transfer map of the wire, potentially increasing robustness by utilizing wire cages, and some very preliminary results of application to the Tevatron at injection energy. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - COLLIDING particle beams
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
N1  - Accession Number: 14203483; Erdelyi, B. 1 Sen, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, MS-220, Batavia, IL, 60510; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p261; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: COLLIDING particle beams; Subject Term: ELECTRIC wire; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638368
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji Qiang
AU  - Furman, Miguel
AU  - Ryne, Robert D.
AU  - Fischer, Wolfram
AU  - Sen, Tanaji
AU  - Meiqin Xiao
T1  - Parallel Strong-Strong/Strong-Weak Simulations of Beam-Beam Interaction in Hadron Accelerators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
EP  - 281
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this paper, we present the results of using a parallel computational tool, BeamBeam3D, developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, for strong-strong/strong-weak modeling of the beam-beam effects in three hadron accelerators: RHIC, Tevatron and LHC. This tool calculates self-consistently the electromagnetic beam-beam forces for arbitrary distributions and separation during each collision when a strong-strong beam-beam interaction model is used. When a strong-weak model is used, the code has the option of using a Gaussian approximation for the strong beam. Using the strong-strong model, we have studied the effect of time modulated offset beam-beam interaction on the emittance growth in the RHIC and LHC. We observed an extra 0.04% emittance growth after 300,000 turns in the RHIC where the time-averaged beam-beam offset is one transverse rms beam size and the modulation frequency is 10 Hz. There is no significant additional emittance growth in the LHC after one million turns where the time-averaged offset is zero. Using the strong-weak model, we have also studied the antiproton lifetime subject to 72 long range beam-beam interactions at 150 GeV injection energy in the Tevatron. The simulation shows a qualitative agreement with the experimental observation of the smaller antiproton emittance having a longer lifetime. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTATION laboratories
KW  - COLLIDING particle beams
KW  - HADRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - MODULATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14203479; Ji Qiang 1 Furman, Miguel 1 Ryne, Robert D. 1 Fischer, Wolfram 2 Sen, Tanaji 3 Meiqin Xiao 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  3: Fermi National Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p278; Subject Term: COMPUTATION laboratories; Subject Term: COLLIDING particle beams; Subject Term: HADRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: MODULATION theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638372
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ellison, James A.
AU  - Dumas, H. Scott
AU  - Salas, Marc
AU  - Sen, Tanaji
AU  - Sobol, Andrey
AU  - Vogtt, Mathias
T1  - Weak-Strong Beam-Beam: Averaging and Tune Diagrams.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 693
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 282
EP  - 286
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We sketch the outlines of a perturbation scheme for the kick-lattice map in two degrees of freedom (4-d phase space) and apply it to the weak-strong beam-beam interaction. Our approach yields rigorous error bounds on the precision of our approximations (proofs will appear elsewhere), divides tune space into distinct regions where different approximations are valid, clarifies the dynamics near certain generically nonintegrable resonances, and generalizes to higher degrees of freedom and more complex models such as the strong-strong beam-beam. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - COLLIDING particle beams
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 14203478; Ellison, James A. 1 Dumas, H. Scott 2 Salas, Marc 1 Sen, Tanaji 3 Sobol, Andrey 1 Vogtt, Mathias 4; Affiliation:  1: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA  2: University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA  3: Fermilab Batavia, IL, USA  4: DESY, Hamburg, FRG; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 693 Issue 1, p282; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: COLLIDING particle beams; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638373
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mehboob, Shahila
AU  - Jacob, Jaby
AU  - May, Melissa
AU  - Kotula, Leszek
AU  - Thiyagarajan, Pappannan
AU  - Johnson, Michael E.
AU  - Fung, Leslie W.-M.
T1  - Structural Analysis of the αN-Terminal Region of Erythroid and Nonerythroid Spectrins by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 42
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 14702
EP  - 14710
SN  - 00062960
AB  - We used Sp&alpah;I-1--156 peptide, a well-characterized model peptide of the αN-terminal region of erythrocyte spectrin, and SpαII-1--149, an αII brain spectrin model peptide similar in sequence to SpαI-1--156, to study their association affinities with a βI-spectrin peptide, SpβI-1898--2083, by isothermal titration calorimetry. We also determined their conformational flexibilities in solution by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) methods. These two peptides exhibit sequence homology and could be expected to exhibit similar association affinities with β-spectrin. However, our studies show that the affinity of αII-1--149 with SpβI-1898--2083 is much higher than that of SpαI-1--156. Our SAXS findings also indicate a significantly more extended conformation for SpαII-1--149 than for SpαI-1--156. The radius of gyration values obtained by two different analyses of SAXS data and by molecular modeling all show a value of about 25 Å for SpαI-1--156 and of about 30 Å for SpαII-1--149, despite the fact that SpαI-1--156 has seven amino acid residues more than SpαII-1--149. For SpαI-1--156, the SAXS results are consistent with a flexible junction between helix C' and the triple helical bundle that allows multiple orientations between these two structural elements, in good agreement with our published NMR analysis. The SAXS findings for SpαII-1--149 support the hypothesis that this junction region is rigid (and probably helical) for αII brain spectrin. The nature of the junction region, from one extreme as a random coil (conformationally mobile) segment in αI to another extreme as a rigid segment in αII, determines the orientation of helix C' relative to the first structural domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - SPECTRIN
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - VOLUMETRIC analysis
KW  - X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 12109847; Mehboob, Shahila 1 Jacob, Jaby 2,3 May, Melissa 1 Kotula, Leszek 4 Thiyagarajan, Pappannan 2 Johnson, Michael E. 1; Email Address: mjohnson@uic.edu Fung, Leslie W.-M. 5; Email Address: lfong@luc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of illinois at Chicago, 900 South Ashland Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60607.  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  3: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637.  4: Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, New York 10314.  5: Department of Chemistry, Loyola University of Chicago, 6525 North Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60626.; Source Info: 12/16/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 49, p14702; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject Term: SPECTRIN; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: VOLUMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daganzo, Sally M.
AU  - Erzberger, Jan P.
AU  - Lam, Wendy M.
AU  - Skordalakes, Emmanuel
AU  - Zhang, Rugang
AU  - Franco, Alexa A.
AU  - Brill, Steven J.
AU  - Adams, Peter D.
AU  - Berger, James M.
AU  - Kaufman, Paul D.
T1  - Structure and Function of the Conserved Core of Histone Deposition Protein Asf1
JO  - Current Biology
JF  - Current Biology
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 13
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 2148
SN  - 09609822
AB  - Background: Asf1 is a ubiquitous eukaryotic histone binding and deposition protein that mediates nucleosome formation in vitro and is required for genome stability in vivo. Studies in a variety of organisms have defined Asf1's role as a histone chaperone during DNA replication through specific interactions with histones H3/H4 and the histone deposition factor CAF-I. In addition to its role in replication, conserved interactions with proteins involved in chromatin silencing, transcription, chromatin remodeling, and DNA repair have also established Asf1 as an important component of a number of chromatin assembly and modulation complexes.Results: We demonstrate that the highly conserved N-terminal domain of S. cerevisiae Asf1 (Asf1N) is the core region that mediates all tested functions of the full-length protein. The crystal structure of this core domain, determined to 1.5 A˚ resolution, reveals a compact immunoglobulin-like β sandwich fold topped by three helical linkers. The surface of Asf1 displays a conserved hydrophobic groove flanked on one side by an area of strong electronegative surface potential. These regions represent potential binding sites for histones and other interacting proteins. The structural model also allowed us to interpret mutagenesis studies of the human Asf1a/HIRA interaction and to functionally define the region of Asf1 responsible for Hir1-dependent telomeric silencing in budding yeast.Conclusions: The evolutionarily conserved, N-terminal 155 amino acids of histone deposition protein Asf1 are functional in vitro and in vivo. This core region of Asf1 adopts a compact immunoglobulin-fold structure with distinct surface characteristics, including a Hir protein binding region required for gene silencing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Biology is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HISTONES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - MOLECULAR chaperones
KW  - EUKARYOTIC cells
KW  - DNA replication
N1  - Accession Number: 11735635; Daganzo, Sally M. 1,2 Erzberger, Jan P. 2 Lam, Wendy M. 1,2 Skordalakes, Emmanuel 2 Zhang, Rugang 3 Franco, Alexa A. 1,2 Brill, Steven J. 4 Adams, Peter D. 3 Berger, James M. 2 Kaufman, Paul D. 1,2; Email Address: pdkaufman@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA  4: Rutgers University, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, CABM–679 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 13 Issue 24, p2148; Subject Term: HISTONES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR chaperones; Subject Term: EUKARYOTIC cells; Subject Term: DNA replication; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cub.2003.11.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, David S.
AU  - McGrane, Shawn D.
T1  - Comparative infrared and Raman spectroscopy of energetic polymers
JO  - Journal of Molecular Structure
JF  - Journal of Molecular Structure
Y1  - 2003/12/16/
VL  - 661-662
M3  - Article
SP  - 561
SN  - 00222860
AB  - Infrared and Raman spectra of three energetic polymers, nitrocellulose, glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), and polyvinyl nitrate (PVN), are presented and compared. The bands are assigned to predominant characteristic motions by comparison to similar materials and the literature. The Raman spectra of PVN and GAP, even with 785 nm excitation, are partially obscured by native fluorescence. The inhomogeneous broadening evident in these spectra has implications for use of these energetic polymers in ultrafast spectroscopic studies of shock-induced chemistry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Energetic polymers
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Raman
KW  - Vibrational spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11572106; Moore, David S.; Email Address: moored@lanl.gov McGrane, Shawn D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Dynamics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop P952, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 661-662, p561; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energetic polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrational spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-2860(03)00522-2
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weiwei Gu
AU  - Gencic, Simonida
AU  - Cramer, Stephen P.
AU  - Grahame, David A.
T1  - The A-Cluster in Subunit β of the Acetyl-CoA Decarbonylase/ Synthase Complex from Methanosarcina thermophila: Ni and Fe K-Edge XANES and EXAFS Analyses.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/17/
VL  - 125
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 15343
EP  - 15351
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase (ACDS) complex catalyzes the cleavage of acetyl-CoA in methanogens that metabolize acetate to CO[sub2] and CR[sub4], and also carries out acetyl-CoA synthesis during growth on one-carbon substrates. The ACDS complex contains five subunits, among which β possesses an Ni-Fe-S active-site metal cluster, the A-cluster, at which reaction with acetyl-C0A takes place, generating an acetyl-enzyme species poised for C-C bond cleavage. We have used Ni and Fe K fluorescence XANES and EXAFS analyses to characterize these metals in the ACDS β subunit, expressed as a C-terminally shortened form. Fe XANES and EXAFS confirmed the presence of an [Fe4S4] cluster, with typical Fe-S and Fe-Fe distances of 2.3 and 2.7 Å respectively. An Fe:Ni ratio of ≃2:1 was found by Kaβ fluorescence analysis, indicating 2 Ni per [Fe[sub4]S[sub4]]. Ni XANES simulations were consistent with two distinct Ni sites in cluster A, and the observed spectrum could be modeled as the sum of separate square planar and tetrahedral Ni sites. Treatment of the β subunit with Ti[sup3+] citrate resulted in shifts to lower energy, implying significant reduction of the [Fe[sub4]S[sub4] center, along with conversion of a smaller fraction of Ni(ll) to Ni(l). Reaction with CO in the presence of Ti[sup3+] citrate generated a unique Ni XANES spectrum, while effects on the Fe- edge were not very different from the reaction with Ti[sup3+] alone. Ni EXAFS revealed an average Ni coordination of 2.5 S at 2.19 Å and 1.5 N/O at 1.89 Å. A distinct feature at ≃2.95 Å most likely results from Ni-Ni interaction. The methanogen β subunit A-cluster is proposed to consist of an [Fe4S4] cluster bridged to an Ni-Ni center with one Ni in square planar geometry coordinated by 2 S + 2 N and the other approximately tetrahedral with 3 S + 1 N/O ligands. The electronic consequences of two distinct Ni geometries are discussed. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - ACETATES
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11972438; Weiwei Gu 1 Gencic, Simonida 2 Cramer, Stephen P. 1,3 Grahame, David A. 2; Email Address: dgrahame@usuhs.mil; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Applied Science.  2: Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.  3: University of California, Davis, California 95616 amp; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.; Source Info: 12/17/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 50, p15343; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: ACETATES; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jensen, Mark P.
AU  - Neuefeind, Jörg
AU  - Beitz, James V.
AU  - Skanthakumar, S.
AU  - Soderholm, L.
T1  - Mechanisms of Metal Ion Transfer into Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids: The Role of Anion Exchange.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/17/
VL  - 125
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 15466
EP  - 15473
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The structure and stoichiometry of the lanthanide(lll) (Ln) complexes with the ligand 2-thenoyl- trifluoroacetone (Htta) formed in a biphasic aqueous room-temperature ionic liquid system have been studied by complementary physicochemical methods. Equilibrium thermodynamics, optical absorption and luminescence spectroscopies, high-energy X-ray scattering, EXAFS, and molecular dynamics simulations all support the formation of anionic Nd(tta)[sub4,sup-] or Eu(tta)[sub4,sup-] complexes with no water coordinated to the metal center in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)Sulfonyllimide (C[sub4]mim[sup+]Tf[sub2]N), rather than the hydrated, neutral complexes, M(fta)[sub3](H[sub2]O)[subn] (n = 2 or 3), that form in nonpolar molecular solvents, such as xylene or chloroform. The presence of anionic lanthanide complexes in C[sub4]mim[sup+]Tf[sub2]N is made possible by the exchange of the ionic liquid anions into the aqueous phase for the lanthanide complex. The resulting complexes in the ionic liquid phase should be thought of as weak C[sub4]mim[sup+]Ln(tta)[sub4,sup-] ion pairs which exert little influence on the structure of the ionic liquid phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - CHLOROFORM
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11972452; Jensen, Mark P. 1; Email Address: mjensen@anl.gov Neuefeind, Jörg 1 Beitz, James V. 1 Skanthakumar, S. 1 Soderholm, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 12/17/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 50, p15466; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: CHLOROFORM; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nussinov, Z.
AU  - Crommie, M. F.
AU  - Balatsky, A. V.
T1  - Noise Spectroscopy of a Single Spin with Spin Polarized STM.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/18/
VL  - 696
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 615
EP  - 622
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We show how the noise in a spin polarized STM tunneling current gives valuable spectroscopic information on the temporal susceptibility of a single magnetic atom residing on a non-magnetic surface. Expanded version of this work is to appear in Phys. Rev. B68, (2003). © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - NOISE -- Measurement
KW  - SPECTRUM analyzers
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11805776; Nussinov, Z. 1 Crommie, M. F. 2,3 Balatsky, A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 696 Issue 1, p615; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: NOISE -- Measurement; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analyzers; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639759
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snijders, P. C.
AU  - González, C.
AU  - Falub, M. C.
AU  - Rogge, S.
AU  - Ortega, J.
AU  - Flores, F.
AU  - Weitering, H. H.
T1  - New Structural Model of the Si(112)6 × 1-Ga Interface.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/18/
VL  - 696
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 715
EP  - 719
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The current structural model of the Si(112)6 × 1-Ga surface can be described as a self-assembled array of atomic wires. The structure of this surface is investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, and density functional theory. It is concluded that the current model is incorrect, and a new model is proposed. In this model, the surface is semiconducting, in contrast to the currently predicted metallic wire array. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL elements -- Spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SILICON
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 11805762; Snijders, P. C. 1 González, C. 2 Falub, M. C. 1 Rogge, S. 1 Ortega, J. 2 Flores, F. 2 Weitering, H. H. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of NanoScience, Deft University of Technology, Deft, Netherlands  2: Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Fisica Teorica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain  3: University of Tennessee, Department of Physics, Astronomy, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 696 Issue 1, p715; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements -- Spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639773
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inada, Naohisa
AU  - Oguri, Masamune
AU  - Pindor, Bartosz
AU  - Hennawi, Joseph F.
AU  - Chiu, Kuenley
AU  - Wei Zheng
AU  - Ichikawa, Shin-Ichi
AU  - Gregg, Michael D.
AU  - Becker, Robert H.
AU  - Suto, Yasushi
AU  - Strauss, Michael A.
AU  - Turner, Edwin L.
AU  - Keeton, Charles R.
AU  - Annis, James
AU  - Castander, Francisco J.
AU  - Eisenstein, Daniel J.
AU  - Frieman, Joshua A.
AU  - Fukugita, Masataka
AU  - Gunn, James E.
T1  - A gravitationally lensed quasar with quadruple images separated by 14.62?arcseconds.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2003/12/18/
VL  - 426
IS  - 6968
M3  - Article
SP  - 810
EP  - 812
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Gravitational lensing is a powerful tool for the study of the distribution of dark matter in the Universe. The cold-dark-matter model of the formation of large-scale structures (that is, clusters of galaxies and even larger assemblies) predicts the existence of quasars gravitationally lensed by concentrations of dark matter so massive that the quasar images would be split by over 7?arcsec. Numerous searches for large-separation lensed quasars have, however, been unsuccessful. All of the roughly 70 lensed quasars known, including the first lensed quasar discovered, have smaller separations that can be explained in terms of galaxy-scale concentrations of baryonic matter. Although gravitationally lensed galaxies with large separations are known, quasars are more useful cosmological probes because of the simplicity of the resulting lens systems. Here we report the discovery of a lensed quasar, SDSS J1004 + 4112, which has a maximum separation between the components of 14.62?arcsec. Such a large separation means that the lensing object must be dominated by dark matter. Our results are fully consistent with theoretical expectations based on the cold-dark-matter model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASARS
KW  - LENSES
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - GALAXIES
N1  - Accession Number: 11724262; Inada, Naohisa 1 Oguri, Masamune 1 Pindor, Bartosz 2 Hennawi, Joseph F. 2 Chiu, Kuenley 3 Wei Zheng 3 Ichikawa, Shin-Ichi 4 Gregg, Michael D. 5,6 Becker, Robert H. 5,6 Suto, Yasushi 1 Strauss, Michael A. 2 Turner, Edwin L. 2 Keeton, Charles R. 7 Annis, James 8 Castander, Francisco J. 9 Eisenstein, Daniel J. 10 Frieman, Joshua A. 7,8 Fukugita, Masataka 11 Gunn, James E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, School of Science, The University of Tokyo  2: Princeton University Observatory, New Jersey, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, USA  4: National Astronomical Observatory, Tokyo, Japan  5: Department of Physics, University of California at Davis, USA  6: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA  7: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA  8: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Illinois, USA  9: Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya/CSIC, Barcelona, Spain  10: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona  11: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: 12/18/2003, Vol. 426 Issue 6968, p810; Subject Term: QUASARS; Subject Term: LENSES; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: GALAXIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02153
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chasman, R.R.
T1  - n–p Pairing—diagonal matrix elements: Wigner energy, symmetry energy and spectroscopy
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/12/18/
VL  - 577
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The role of diagonal matrix elements in n–p pairing is investigated. It is found that diagonal matrix elements, calculated with reasonable two-body interactions, explain the Wigner energy and the symmetry energy in a transparent way. It is also found that the diagonal matrix elements explain most of the changes in level density near ground of <f>N=Z</f> odd–odd nuclei as compared to <f>N=Z+2</f> odd–odd nuclei. In addition, it is found that diagonal matrix elements have a major effect on the excitation energies of particle states relative to hole states in odd–mass nuclides near the <f>N=Z</f> line. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PAIR production
KW  - CLEBSCH-Gordan coefficients
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - NUCLIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 11402464; Chasman, R.R. 1,2; Email Address: chasman@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  2: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 577 Issue 1/2, p47; Subject Term: PAIR production; Subject Term: CLEBSCH-Gordan coefficients; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jalilian-Marian, Jamal
AU  - Nara, Yasushi
AU  - Venugopalan, Raju
T1  - The Cronin effect, quantum evolution and the color glass condensate
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2003/12/18/
VL  - 577
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We show that the numerical solution of the classical <f>SU(3)</f> Yang–Mills equations of motion in the McLerran–Venugopalan model for gluon production in central heavy ion collisions leads to a suppression at low <f>pt</f> and an enhancement at the intermediate <f>pt</f> region as compared to peripheral heavy ion and <f>pp</f> collisions at the same energy. Our results are compared to previous, color glass condensate inspired calculations of gluon production in heavy ion collisions. We revisit the predictions of the color glass condensate model for <f>pA</f> (<f>dA</f>) collisions in leading order and show that quantum evolution—in particular, the phenomenon of geometric scaling and change of anomalous dimensions—preserves the Cronin enhancement of <f>pA</f> cross section (when normalized to the leading twist term) in the leading order approximation even though the <f>pt</f> spectrum can change. We comment on the case when gluon radiation is included. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - YANG-Mills theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11402465; Jalilian-Marian, Jamal 1 Nara, Yasushi 2; Email Address: ynara@physics.arizona.edu Venugopalan, Raju 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: Physics Department & RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 577 Issue 1/2, p54; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: YANG-Mills theory; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.09.097
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turri, G.
AU  - Snell, G.
AU  - Langer, B.
AU  - Martins, M.
AU  - Kukk, E.
AU  - Canton, S. E.
AU  - Bilodeau, R. C.
AU  - Cherepkov, N.
AU  - Bozek, J. D.
AU  - Berrah, N.
T1  - Molecular Effects in the Spin Polarization of the Sulfur 2p in OCS and H2S Molecules.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/19/
VL  - 697
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
EP  - 54
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have used spin-resolved electron spectroscopy with circularly polarized synchrotron radiation to delineate the electronic structure of the hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide molecules and their photoemission dynamics. Specifically, inner-shell spin-polarization measurements of the molecular field split components of the S 2p photolines were carried out to reveal effects of the different molecular environments. The validity of simple atomic models to explain the results is discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON spin echo envelope modulation spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - QUANTUM optics
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11805902; Turri, G. 1,2 Snell, G. 1,2 Langer, B. 3 Martins, M. 4 Kukk, E. 5 Canton, S. E. 1,2 Bilodeau, R. C. 1 Cherepkov, N. 6 Bozek, J. D. 2 Berrah, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Western Michigan University, Department of Physics, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Max­Born­Institute, Max­Born­Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany  4: Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D­22761 Hamburg, Germany  5: Department of Physical; Sciences, P.O. Box 3000, University of Oulu, FIN­90014 Oulu, Finland  6: State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 190000 St.Petersburg, Russia; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 697 Issue 1, p48; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON spin echo envelope modulation spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: QUANTUM optics; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1643677
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lohmann, B.
AU  - Langer, B.
AU  - Snell, G.
AU  - Kleiman, U.
AU  - Canton, S.
AU  - Martins, M.
AU  - Becker, U.
AU  - Berrah, N.
T1  - Angle and spin resolved analysis of the resonantly excited Ar*(2p[sub 3/2][sup -1]4s[sub 1/2])[sub J=1] Auger decay.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2003/12/19/
VL  - 697
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 144
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Auger spectrum and the relevant angular distribution and spin polarization parameters have been obtained, both, experimentally and numerically for the resonant Auger decay of the photoexcited Ar*(2p[sub 3/2][sup -1]4s[sub 1/2])[sub J=1] state. The experiment has been performed using linearly and circularly polarized light and by means of a time-of-flight electron analyzer and a Mott polarimeter. The dynamical as well as the transferred spin polarization of the emitted electrons have been determined. The theoretical data have been obtained within a relativistic distorted wave approximation applying a relaxed orbital method. Our numerical results obtained within an 8 configuration state function calculation are compared to the experimental data for the transferred spin polarization. Good agreement to the experiment has been found. Though single fine structure lines show a large dynamic spin polarization the theoretical data yield almost vanishing dynamic spin polarization for the Auger lines. A detailed analysis in terms of partial decay widths and relative phase shifts will be given. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - OPTICAL interference
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - POLARISCOPE
KW  - PHYSICAL optics
N1  - Accession Number: 11805890; Lohmann, B. 1,2 Langer, B. 2,3 Snell, G. 4,5 Kleiman, U. 1,2 Canton, S. 4,5 Martins, M. 6 Becker, U. 2 Berrah, N. 5; Affiliation:  1: Westfälische Wilhelm­Universität Münster, Institute für Theoretische Physik, Wilhelm­Klemm­Str. 9, D­48149 Münster, Germany  2: Fritz­ Haber­Institute der Max­Planck Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4–6, D­14195 Berlin, Germany  3: Max­Born­Institut fü Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max­Born­Str. 2A, D­12489 Berlin, Germany  4: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Western Michigan University, Department of Physics, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA  6: Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentaphysik, Luruper Chaussee 149, D­22761 Hamburg, Germany; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 697 Issue 1, p133; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: OPTICAL interference; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: POLARISCOPE; Subject Term: PHYSICAL optics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1643689
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paz, Juan Pablo
T1  - Randomness in Quantum Computation.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2003/12/19/
VL  - 302
IS  - 5653
M3  - Article
SP  - 2076
EP  - 2077
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Algorithms that involve such random choices at some steps can be far more efficient in finding solutions to many problems. Randomness may also be useful in quantum computers. However, to introduce a random evolution in a quantum computer, one needs much more than a coin, pair of dice, or roulette wheel: At any step, there is a continuous set of possible paths that a quantum computer could follow. In a typical quantum algorithm, the possible results of the final measurement are not uniformly distributed but are obtained according to a probability distribution that encodes the answer to the problem at hand. The state of a quantum computer with n qubits is described by a vector with N 2n components. Thus, the evolution of a quantum computer running a typical quantum algorithm is not random but deterministic. The authors demonstrate the simplicity of the method by implementing it in a toy quantum information processor using liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - QUANTUM computers
KW  - MEASUREMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 11834318; Paz, Juan Pablo 1; Email Address: jpaz@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: The Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA. He is on leave from the Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellon 1, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Source Info: 12/19/2003, Vol. 302 Issue 5653, p2076; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: QUANTUM computers; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1060
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, Q.
AU  - Simpson, W.
AU  - Zeh, J.
AU  - Hatfield, E.
AU  - Sikka, V.K.
T1  - Dross formation during remelting of aluminum 5182 remelt secondary ingot (RSI)
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/12/20/
VL  - 363
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 09215093
AB  - This article reports, for the first time, a surprising result that in the center part of some commercial aluminum 5182 remelt secondary ingot (RSI), more than 50% of the alloy turns to dross during melting. The solidification microstructure of the RSI was characterized in order to understand where the dross comes from and how it forms. Optical microscopy showed that severe interdendritic porosities and hot tears exist in the RSI. These cavities provide continuous channels that expose the internal interdendritic surfaces to the atmosphere outside of RSI. SEM revealed that the dendrites in the center of RSI are covered by magnesium and aluminum oxides. It is the oxidation of the surfaces of the interdendritic pores that results in a large amount of dross formation during the remelting of aluminum 5182 RSI. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Aluminum recycling
KW  - Aluminum remelting
KW  - Dross formation
KW  - Remelt secondary ingot
KW  - Solidification defect
N1  - Accession Number: 11251709; Han, Q. 1; Email Address: v6q@ornl.gov Simpson, W. 1 Zeh, J. 2 Hatfield, E. 1 Sikka, V.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6083, USA  2: Logan Aluminum Inc., P.O. Box 3000, Russellville, KY 42276, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 363 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum recycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum remelting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dross formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remelt secondary ingot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solidification defect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00615-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, F.
AU  - Anderson, I.E.
AU  - Biner, S.B.
T1  - Microstructures and mechanical properties of pure Al matrix composites reinforced by Al&z.sbnd;Cu&z.sbnd;Fe alloy particles
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2003/12/20/
VL  - 363
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A new type of composite material was produced from elemental Al matrix powders and 30 vol.% Al&z.sbnd;Cu&z.sbnd;Fe quasicrystal particles by a powder metallurgy technique. SEM examination shows that reinforcement particle cracking perpendicular to the loading axis is the dominant failure mechanism for the composites. Because of the fine (diameter<10 μm) matrix and reinforcement particle sizes that match closely and a homogenous spatial distribution, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (Y.S.) of this model composite material were improved over the matrix properties by 111 and 220%, respectively, for the commercial purity composite sample. Remarkably, the UTS and Y.S. of the composite were improved over the matrix properties by 201 and 328%, respectively, for a high purity version of the composite material. The elastic modulus of the composite, in both versions, is very close to the theoretical upper bound value from the rule of mixtures estimation. This highly effective composite strengthening is also consistent with the good interface bonding between the spherical reinforcement particles and Al matrix that was revealed by fracture surface examination. Diffusion layer measurements at the Al/reinforcement interface by an Auger method verified the good bonding condition, as well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - Metal matrix composites
KW  - Powder metallurgy
KW  - Tensile property
N1  - Accession Number: 11251711; Tang, F. 1 Anderson, I.E. 1 Biner, S.B.; Email Address: biner@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 363 Issue 1/2, p20; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder metallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile property; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00433-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11251711&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williford, R.E.
AU  - Chick, L.A.
T1  - Surface diffusion and concentration polarization on oxide-supported metal electrocatalyst particles
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2003/12/20/
VL  - 547
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
SN  - 00396028
AB  - A common assumption for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is that the hydrogen–oxygen reaction that produces the electrical current is strictly localized at the triple phase boundary (TPB) between the metal catalyst particle, the zirconia support, and the gas atmosphere. Detailed analysis of oxygen spillover onto the catalyst surface indicates that the reactive area simply spreads over the surface as needed to support the current, leading to TPB widths of several hundred Angstroms. Lower adspecies surface diffusivities (due to catalyst crystallography), lower reactant partial pressures (due to electrode design), and higher current demands, generally shift the peak turnover number (TON) for H2O generation away from the TPB in practical SOFCs with cermet anodes. The diffusivity–coverage relationship (repulsive, neutral, or attractive adspecies interactions) affects the location of the TON peak on the catalyst surface in a non-monotonic manner, indicating that care should be taken when applying research data to models of practical SOFCs. The most detailed surface diffusion model investigated in this work indicates that the catalytic process is limited by oxygen surface diffusion on the metal particle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - GAS-solid interfaces
KW  - METAL catalysts
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Hydrogen molecule
KW  - Models of surface chemical reactions
KW  - Models of surface kinetics
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Platinum
KW  - Solid–gas interfaces
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 11467282; Williford, R.E.; Email Address: rick.williford@pnl.gov Chick, L.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Materials Department, Mail Stop K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 547 Issue 3, p421; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: GAS-solid interfaces; Subject Term: METAL catalysts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen molecule; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of surface chemical reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of surface kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–gas interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.10.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barbieri, James
AU  - Chapline, George
AU  - Santiago, David I.
T1  - QUANTUM CRITICALITY, EVENT HORIZONS AND COSMIC GAMMA RAY BURSTS.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2003/12/21/
VL  - 18
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 2767
EP  - 2773
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - The logical inconsistency of quantum mechanics and general relativity can be avoided if the relativity principle fails for length scales smaller than the quantum coherence length for the vacuum state. This has dramatic consequences for the phenomenology of compact astrophysical objects. If we assume that at the Planck scale elementary particles interact via a universal four-point interaction and baryon number conservation is violated, then nucleons approaching an event horizon surface can disintegrate into gamma rays and high energy leptons. Integrating the Altarelli–Parisi equations to find the Planck scale parton distribution function for a nucleon, we find that nucleon decays produce a fluorescence gamma ray spectrum strikingly similar to that observed for cosmic gamma ray bursts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GAMMA rays
N1  - Accession Number: 11627454; Barbieri, James 1 Chapline, George 2; Email Address: chapline1@llnl.gov Santiago, David I. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Systems Development, NAWC-WD, China Lake, CA 93555, USA.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  3: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.  4: Gravity Probe B Relativity Mission, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.; Source Info: 12/21/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 39, p2767; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCabe, R.J.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Mitchell, T.E.
T1  - Transmission electron microscopy study of the interaction between a glide dislocation and a dislocation node.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2003/12/21/
VL  - 83
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 4123
EP  - 4129
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Using in-situ tensile straining in conjunction with stereo imaging in a transmission electron microscope, real-time observations have been made in thin copper foils of the interaction of glide dislocations with a dislocation node. A mechanism is observed by which a dislocation approaching the node effectively bypasses the node by exchanging segments with one of the dislocations constituting the node. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER foil
KW  - METAL foils
KW  - GLIDE (Crystallography)
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11901206; McCabe, R.J. 1; Email Address: rmccabe@lanl.gov Misra, A. 1 Mitchell, T.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: MST Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 12/21/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 36, p4123; Subject Term: COPPER foil; Subject Term: METAL foils; Subject Term: GLIDE (Crystallography); Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332999 All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001613255
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11901206&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Benjamin S.
AU  - Kumar, Sushil
AU  - Callebaut, Hans
AU  - Qing Hu
AU  - Reno, John L.
T1  - Terahertz quantum-cascade laser operating up to 137 K.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 83
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5142
EP  - 5144
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report operation of a terahertz quantum-cascade laser at 3.8 THz (λ≈79 μm) up to a heat-sink temperature of 137 K. A resonant phonon depopulation design was used with a low-loss metal–metal waveguide, which provided a confinement factor of nearly unity. A threshold current density of 625 A/cm[sup 2] was obtained in pulsed mode at 5 K. Devices fabricated using a conventional semi-insulating surface-plasmon waveguide lased up to 92 K with a threshold current density of 670 A/cm[sup 2] at 5 K. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - HEAT sinks (Electronics)
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - SURFACE plasmon resonance
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11713235; Williams, Benjamin S. 1 Kumar, Sushil 1 Callebaut, Hans 1 Qing Hu 1; Email Address: qhu@mit.edu Reno, John L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology  2: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: 12/22/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 25, p5142; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: HEAT sinks (Electronics); Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: SURFACE plasmon resonance; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635657
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11713235&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Nam, K.B.
AU  - Nakarmi, M.L.
AU  - Lin, J.Y.
AU  - Jiang, H.X.
AU  - Carrier, Pierre
AU  - Su-Huai Wei
T1  - Band structure and fundamental optical transitions in wurtzite AlN.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 83
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5163
EP  - 5165
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - With a recently developed unique deep ultraviolet picoseconds time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy system and improved growth technique, we are able to determine the detailed band structure near the Γ point of wurtzite (WZ) AlN with a direct band gap of 6.12 eV. Combined with first-principles band structure calculations we show that the fundamental optical properties of AlN differ drastically from that of GaN and other WZ semiconductors. The discrepancy in energy band gap values of AlN obtained previously by different methods is explained in terms of the optical selection rules in AlN and is confirmed by measurement of the polarization dependence of the excitonic PL spectra. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM nitride
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 11713228; Li, J. 1 Nam, K.B. 1 Nakarmi, M.L. 1 Lin, J.Y. 1 Jiang, H.X. 1 Carrier, Pierre 2 Su-Huai Wei 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Kansas State University  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Source Info: 12/22/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 25, p5163; Subject Term: ALUMINUM nitride; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633965
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11713228&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vandervelde, Thomas E.
AU  - Kumar, Piyush
AU  - Kobayashi, Takeshi
AU  - Gray, Jennifer L.
AU  - Tim Pernell, Jennifer L.
AU  - Floro, Jerrold A.
AU  - Hull, Robert
AU  - Bean, John C.
T1  - Growth of quantum fortress structures in Si[sub 1-x]Ge[sub x]/Si via combinatorial deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 83
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5205
EP  - 5207
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - This study details the evolution of morphologies in the Si[sub 1-x]Ge[sub x]/Si system, under kinetically controlled conditions of 550 °C growth temperature and 1 Å/s growth rate. We find that, with increasing film thickness and Ge fraction, a series of three-dimensional structures develop, starting from pits, and leading to quantum fortresses and ridges. The quantum fortress structures are of special significance because of their potential application in quantum cellular automata. We establish approximate boundaries in the parameter space of film thickness and Ge fraction, in which these structures form. We present a simple model, based on kinetics and strain, to explain the observed structures. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - CELLULAR automata
N1  - Accession Number: 11713214; Vandervelde, Thomas E. 1 Kumar, Piyush 2 Kobayashi, Takeshi 3 Gray, Jennifer L. 2 Tim Pernell, Jennifer L. 4 Floro, Jerrold A. 3 Hull, Robert 2; Email Address: john-bean@virginia.edu Bean, John C.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Virginia  2: Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Virginia  3: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Virginia  4: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: 12/22/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 25, p5205; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: CELLULAR automata; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1636268
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Auhl, Rolf
AU  - Everaers, Ralf
AU  - Grest, Gary S.
AU  - Kremer, Kurt
AU  - Plimpton, Steven J.
T1  - Equilibration of long chain polymer melts in computer simulations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 12718
EP  - 12728
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Several methods for preparing well equilibrated melts of long chains polymers are studied. We show that the standard method in which one starts with an ensemble of chains with the correct end-to-end distance arranged randomly in the simulation cell and introduces the excluded volume rapidly, leads to deformation on short length scales. This deformation is strongest for long chains and relaxes only after the chains have moved their own size. Two methods are shown to overcome this local deformation of the chains. One method is to first pre-pack the Gaussian chains, which reduces the density fluctuations in the system, followed by a gradual introduction of the excluded volume. The second method is a double-bridging algorithm in which new bonds are formed across a pair of chains, creating two new chains each substantially different from the original. We demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods for a linear bead spring polymer model with both zero and nonzero bending stiffness, however the methods are applicable to more complex architectures such as branched and star polymer. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - DEFORMATION of surfaces
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
N1  - Accession Number: 11723806; Auhl, Rolf 1 Everaers, Ralf 1,2 Grest, Gary S. 3 Kremer, Kurt 1 Plimpton, Steven J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Germany  2: Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Germany  3: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: 12/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 24, p12718; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: DEFORMATION of surfaces; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1628670
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11723806&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, D.
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Theoretical study of the electronic states of niobium trimer (Nb[sub 3]) and its anion (Nb[sub 3][sup -]).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 119
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 12866
EP  - 12877
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Geometries and energy separations of the various low-lying electronic states of niobium trimer (Nb[sub 3]) and its anion (Nb[sub 3][sup -]) with triangular and linear structural arrangements have been investigated. The complete active space multiconfiguration self-consistent field method followed by multireference singles plus doubles configuration interaction (MRSDCI) that included up to 48 million configuration spin functions have been used to compute several electronic states of these clusters. The geometries of ground and excited states of Nb[sub 3] and Nb[sub 3][sup -] are triangular. The ground states of both Nb[sub 3] ([sup 2]B[sub 1]) and Nb[sub 3][sup -] ([sup 1]A[sub 1]) have been found to be of low spin. The low-lying electronic states with degenerate symmetries in the D[sub 3h] group are distorted to the C[sub 2v] structure (from the ideal D[sub 3h]) due to the Jahn–Teller effect. On the basis of the energy separations of our computed electronic states of Nb[sub 3], we have assigned the observed photoelectron spectrum of Nb[sub 3][sup -]. We have also compared our MRSDCI results with density functional calculations. The electron affinity, ionization potential, dissociation and atomization energies of Nb[sub 3] have been calculated and the results have been found to be in excellent agreement with the experiment. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - JAHN-Teller effect
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11723791; Majumdar, D. 1 Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California  2: Chemistry & Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California  3: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 12/22/2003, Vol. 119 Issue 24, p12866; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: SPIN waves; Subject Term: JAHN-Teller effect; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1626594
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11723791&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Reproducibility of low and high concentration data in reversed-phase liquid chromatography: II. Overloaded band profiles on Chromolith-C<F>18</F>
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 1021
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Single-component adsorption isotherm data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) for six low molecular weight compounds (phenol, aniline, caffeine, o-toluidine, p-toluidine and propylbenzoate) on one Chromolith-C<F>18</F> column (#30, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), using different methanol:water solutions (composition between 60/40 and 15/85 v/v, depending on the solute) as the mobile phase. These data were modeled for best agreement between the experimental data points and the adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption-energy distributions were also derived and used for the selection of the best isotherm model. Widely different models were obtained for these six compounds, four being convex upward (i.e., Langmuirian) and two having at least one inflection point. Overloaded band profiles corresponding to two different sample sizes (a low and a high loading factor) were recorded on six monolithic columns (#30–35) belonging to the same manufactured lot. These experimental band profiles were compared to the profiles calculated from the isotherm measured by FA on the first column, using the equilibrium-dispersive (ED) model of chromatography. For four of the six columns (#30, #32, #33, and #35), the reproducibility was better than 5 and 2.5%for the low and the high concentration profiles, respectively. On the other two columns (#31 and #34), the bands showed significant and systematic retention time shifts for all six compounds (with nearly identical band shapes), the relative adsorption being between 6 and 15% stronger on column #31 or between 2 and 7% lower on column #34. These differences seem to be correlated with the differences in the total porosities of these columns, which differ by 3% from columns #31 to #34, the higher porosity column giving the stronger adsorption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Molecular weights
KW  - Physical & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Affinity energy distribution
KW  - Aniline
KW  - Band profiles
KW  - Basic compounds
KW  - Caffeine
KW  - Column reproducibility
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Isotherm modeling
KW  - Monolithic columns
KW  - Propylbenzoate
KW  - Toluidine
N1  - Accession Number: 11251425; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 1021 Issue 1/2, p25; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Subject Term: Molecular weights; Subject Term: Physical & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affinity energy distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aniline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Basic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Caffeine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Column reproducibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotherm modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monolithic columns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propylbenzoate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toluidine; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.09.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birkholzer, Jens T.
AU  - Ho, Clifford K.
T1  - A probabilistic analysis of episodic preferential flow into superheated fractured rock
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 284
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 00221694
AB  - The amount of water seeping into waste emplacement tunnels is important for the long-term performance of the proposed geologic nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The repository site is located in thick, partially saturated fractured tuff that will be heated to above-boiling temperatures as a result of heat generation from the decay of nuclear waste. Since water infiltrating down towards the repository will be subject to vigorous boiling for a significant time period, the superheated zone (i.e. rock temperature above the boiling point of water) may form an effective vaporization barrier that reduces the possibility of water arrival at emplacement drifts. In this paper, we analyze the behavior of episodic preferential flow events that penetrate down into the hot fractured rock zone, and evaluate the impact of such flow behavior on the effectiveness of the vaporization barrier. The characteristic features of episodic preferential flow are estimated from laboratory experiments and described by appropriate probability distributions. A semi-analytical solution is utilized to determine the complex flow processes in the hot rock environment. The solution is applied at several discrete times after emplacement, in order to cover the time period of strongly elevated temperatures at Yucca Mountain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEEPAGE
KW  - TUNNELS
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - Finger flow
KW  - Fractured rock
KW  - Hydrological
KW  - Thermal
KW  - Unsaturated
KW  - Vaporization
N1  - Accession Number: 11606898; Birkholzer, Jens T. 1; Email Address: jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov Ho, Clifford K. 2; Email Address: ckho@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 284 Issue 1-4, p151; Subject Term: SEEPAGE; Subject Term: TUNNELS; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finger flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrological; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vaporization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.07.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - B.
AU  - Hou
AU  - H.
AU  - Yoder
AU  - L. M.
AU  - Muckerman
AU  - J. T.
AU  - Fockenberg
AU  - C.
T1  - Experimental and Theoretical Investigations on the Methyl-Methyl Recombination Reaction.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 11414
EP  - 11426
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The temperature and pressure dependence of the rate constant of the methyl-methyl recombination reaction with He bath gas has been studied using time-resolved time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Methyl radicals were produced by the 193 nm laser photolysis of acetone. In the observed temperature (300-700 K) and pressure (0.6-10 Torr) range, the rate constant exhibits a negative temperature dependence and falloff behavior typical for recombination reactions. The integrity of the measurements has been validated by determining the recombination rate constant with Ar (1 Torr) as the bath gas at room temperature and by analyzing the yield of the reaction product, ethane. In addition, rate constants were calculated theoretically using variable reaction coordinate transition state theory in a manner that improves upon the previous treatment of Wagner and Wardlaw by incorporating high-level ab initio results. The calculated high-pressure rate constant can be expressed as [inline equation] (T) = 7.42 × 10-11 (T/298 K)-0.69 e-88K/T cm3 molecule-1 s-1. With reasonable downward energy transfer parameters, the experimentally observed pressure dependence of the rate constants for Ar, He, and H2 bath gases were reproduced very well using master equation analysis. Troe's equation, describing the T and P dependence of the recombination rate constant, was fit to a set of data for He as bath gas comprised of rate constants from this work and taken from the literature. With k∞(T) set to be the high-pressure limit rate constant calculated here, the other remaining parameters can be given by k0(T) = 1.17 × 10-25 (T/298 K)-3.75 e-494 K/T cm6 molecule-2 s-1 and Fcent(T) = e-T/570K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ACETONE
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11853211; Wang B. 1 Hou H. 1 Yoder L. M. 1 Muckerman J. T. 1 Fockenberg C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department 555A, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 51, p11414; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ACETONE; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clarke
AU  - T. M.
AU  - Gordon
AU  - K. C.
AU  - Officer
AU  - D. L.
AU  - Hall
AU  - S. B.
AU  - Collis
AU  - G. E.
AU  - Burrell
AU  - A. K.
T1  - Theoretical and Spectroscopic Study of a Series of Styryl-Substituted Terthiophenes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 11505
EP  - 11516
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Molecular structures of a series of 3‘-[1E-2-(4-R-phenyl)ethenyl]-2,2‘:5‘,2‘ ‘-terthiophenes have been modeled using ab initio calculations. The potential energy surfaces of three important dihedral angles were calculated using the HF/3-21G(d) method. Each dihedral angle is represented by a distinct potential energy surface, while the identity of the R group has only a modest influence. DFT methods (B3LYP/6-31G(d)) were used to calculate the geometry and vibrational spectra of each molecule. Analysis of the theoretical vibrational data reveals numerous conserved modes that are localized on the terthiophene or phenyl groups. There is good agreement between the observed and calculated vibrational spectra of the molecules. Conformational changes have only a minor effect on the spectra. The calculated molecular orbitals, which are supported by electronic absorption measurements, suggest that the first excited state should have charge-transfer features for the molecules with strongly electron withdrawing or donating substituents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11853222; Clarke T. M. 1 Gordon K. C. 1 Officer D. L. 1 Hall S. B. 1 Collis G. E. 1 Burrell A. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand, Nanomaterials Research Centre, IFS—Chemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 51, p11505; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - Z.
AU  - Zhao
AU  - Y.
AU  - Schiferl
AU  - D.
AU  - Qian
AU  - J.
AU  - Downs
AU  - R. T.
AU  - Mao
AU  - H.-K.
AU  - Sekine
AU  - T.
T1  - Threshold Pressure for Disappearance of Size-Induced Effect in Spinel-Structure Ge3N4 Nanocrystals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 14151
EP  - 14153
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We demonstrate that the incompressibility of spinel Ge3N4 nanocrystals decreases when the pressure is elevated above ~20 GPa. Ge3N4 nanocrystals initially exhibit a higher bulk modulus of 381(2) GPa. But, above 20 GPa, the bulk modulus is apparently reduced to 268(4) GPa, which is similar to the reported bulk modulus of 208-296 GPa for the bulk Ge3N4. Thus, a threshold pressure of ~20 GPa was determined that signifies the onset of size-induced disappearance of elastic stiffness in nanocrystalline Ge3N4. Enhanced surface energy contributions to the shell layers of nanoparticles and resulting effect on the corresponding large d spacing planes are used to elucidate the observed phenomenon. This study provides a reasonable explanation for the different compressibility properties of numerous nanocrystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 11853119; Wang Z. 1 Zhao Y. 1 Schiferl D. 1 Qian J. 1 Downs R. T. 1 Mao H.-K. 1 Sekine T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 51, p14151; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PARTICLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blackburn
AU  - J. L.
AU  - Selmarten
AU  - D. C.
AU  - Nozik
AU  - A. J.
T1  - Electron Transfer Dynamics in Quantum Dot/Titanium Dioxide Composites Formed by in Situ Chemical Bath Deposition.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 14154
EP  - 14157
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We present experimental transient absorption (TA) results on the dynamics of electron relaxation and electron transfer in cadmium sulfide quantum dots (QDs) grown by chemical bath deposition techniques on nanocrystalline oxide substrates. The quantum dots are prepared in situ in nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zirconium oxide (ZrO2) films. The conduction band offset between the CdS QDs and TiO2 allows for efficient electron injection from the photoexcited QDs into the conduction band of TiO2. An unprecedented peak is seen in the transient absorption spectrum, which may be used to track the spectral response of the QD/TiO2 composites. Dynamic measurements in the visible and mid-IR are used to evaluate the time scale of the electron injection process. The TA dynamics for these systems are found to be multiexponential. A comparison of the TA dynamics for CdS/TiO2 and CdS/ZrO2 composites in the visible and mid-IR region indicates that electron transfer occurs on the time scale of ~10-50 ps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - QUANTUM dots
N1  - Accession Number: 11853120; Blackburn J. L. 1 Selmarten D. C. 1 Nozik A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Basic Science, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 51, p14154; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wurtz
AU  - G. A.
AU  - Im
AU  - J. S.
AU  - Gray
AU  - S. K.
AU  - Wiederrecht
AU  - G. P.
T1  - Optical Scattering from Isolated Metal Nanoparticles and Arrays.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 14191
EP  - 14198
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) is used to explore the optical scattering from isolated metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and arrays of MNPs. The optical excitation source is an evanescent wave created through total internal reflection of a continuous wave laser beam at the sample-air interface. For optical excitation of isolated Ag and Au MNPs, experimental results show that the scattered light propagates into the far field at an angle of 19° from the substrate. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations are used to study simpler but related metallic nanowire systems under evanescent wave excitation. The FDTD results are found to be similar to the experimental results, indicating the generality of the scattering phenomenon. NSOM characterization of plasmonic arrays that consist of closely spaced Ag MNPs are subsequently reported. Confined optical signals within the array are observed along with a reduction in the far-field scattered signal. Simultaneous collection of the atomic force microscopy signal and near-field signals also shows that the spatial distribution of the near-field is strongly modified in the arrays compared to isolated MNPs. FDTD studies on arrays of nanowires also show large differences from the isolated metal nanoparticle calculations, including a decrease in the forward scattered angle (with chain length) and diminished overall forward scattering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - LASER beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11853128; Wurtz G. A. 1 Im J. S. 1 Gray S. K. 1 Wiederrecht G. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 51, p14191; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: LASER beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee
AU  - I.
AU  - Justus
AU  - B. L.
AU  - J. W.
AU  - Greenbaum
AU  - E.
T1  - Molecular Photovoltaics and Surface Potentials at the Air-Water Interface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 14225
EP  - 14230
SN  - 15206106
AB  - An experimental approach that directly measures light-induced electrostatic surface potentials at the gas-liquid interface using the combined techniques of the atomic force microscope and the scanning surface-potential microscope is presented. Photosystem I (PSI) reaction centers, one of the molecular photovoltaic structures of green plants, convert light energy into electrical energy. We report the orientation and measurement of light-induced photovoltages at the air-water interface by PSI solutions entrained in the pores of microchannel glass. The data indicate that illuminated PSI reaction centers reversed the sign of the water surface electrostatic potential from negative to positive and that additional illumination further increased the positive value of the potential. The sign of the light-induced photopotentials indicates that the reaction centers are oriented with their electron-transport vectors pointing toward the water phase. Electrostatic potentials as a function of PSI concentration are presented for concentrations of active PSI up to 1 μM. Orienting biomolecules at the air-water interface might be an enabling technology for new classes of sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 11853133; Lee I. 1 Justus B. L. 1 J. W. 1 Greenbaum E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Optical Sciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, and Genome Science & Technology Program and Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 51, p14225; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iliev
AU  - M. N.
AU  - Phillips
AU  - M. L. F.
AU  - Meen
AU  - J. K.
AU  - Nenoff
AU  - T. M.
T1  - Raman Spectroscopy of Na2Nb2O6•H2O and Na2Nb2-xMxO6-x(OH)x•H2O (M = Ti, Hf) Ion Exchangers
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 14261
EP  - 14264
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The Raman spectra of Sandia Octahedral Molecular Sieves Na2Nb2-x MxO6-x(OH)x•H2O (M = Ti, Hf; x ≤ 0.2) (SOMS-Ti and SOMS-Hf) and their parent compound Na2Nb2O6•H2O (SOMS) were measured between 24 °C and 600 °C. The spectra of all three materials as well their variations with temperature are almost identical, which indicates that the M4+ for Nb5+ disordered substitution has little effect on the structure of the niobate framework. The annealing above 250 °C results in dehydration reflected in the Raman spectra by disappearance of water-related bands at ~1700 cm-1 and 3100-3400 cm-1 and irreversible changes of some Raman line parameters. As a whole, however, the spectral changes in the frequency range, corresponding to internal oxygen vibrations, are rather modest in contrast to the drastic changes of the X-ray diffraction patterns. This shows that although the SOMS structure rearranges in the dehydrated phase, the basic constituting elements, NbO6 octahedra and Na-centered polyhedra, remain practically unchanged. At further annealing above ~500 °C the Raman spectrum transforms irreversibly into a spectral structure consisting of three broad bands centered (at 24 °C) at 232, 600, and 876 cm-1, while the X-ray pattern indicates transformation to a perovskite-like structure We argue that the Raman spectrum in this case reflects the density of vibrational states of a strongly disordered oxygen sublattice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11853139; Iliev M. N. 1 Phillips M. L. F. 1 Meen J. K. 1 Nenoff T. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Texas Center for Superconductivity and Advanced Materials, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5002, Pleasanton Ridge Research, Hayward, California 94542, and Sandia National Laboratories, MS-0734, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0734; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 51, p14261; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kleitz
AU  - F.
AU  - Liu
AU  - D.
AU  - Anilkumar
AU  - G. M.
AU  - Park
AU  - I.-S.
AU  - Solovyov
AU  - L. A.
AU  - Shmakov
AU  - A. N.
AU  - Ryoo
AU  - R.
T1  - Large Cage Face-Centered-Cubic Fm3m Mesoporous Silica:  Synthesis and Structure.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 107
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 14296
EP  - 14300
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The synthesis and precise structural characterization of highly ordered three-dimensional close-packed cage-type mesoporous silica is reported. The siliceous mesoporous material is proven to be commensurate with the face-centered-cubic Fm3m symmetry in high purity by a combination of experimental and simulated powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The cage-type calcined samples were additionally characterized by nitrogen physisorption. The aqueous synthesis method to prepare large cage mesoporous silica with cubic Fm3m structure is based on the use of EO106PO70EO106 triblock copolymer (F127) at low HCl concentrations, with no additional salts or organic additives. Here, emphasis is put on the low HCl concentration regime, allowing the facile thermodynamic control of the silica-triblock copolymer mesophase self-assembly. Further, simple application of hydrothermal treatments at various temperatures ranging from 45 to 150 °C enables the tailoring of the mesopore diameters and apertures. The combination of experimental and simulated XRD patterns and TEM images is confirmed to be a very powerful means for the accurate elucidation of the structure of new mesoporous materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - HYDROGEN chloride
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11853145; Kleitz F. 1 Liu D. 1 Anilkumar G. M. 1 Park I.-S. 1 Solovyov L. A. 1 Shmakov A. N. 1 Ryoo R. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Creative Research Initiative Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (School of Molecular Science-BK21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, and Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 107 Issue 51, p14296; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN chloride; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Tomsia, Antoni P.
AU  - Torrecillas, Ramon
AU  - Moya, Jose S.
T1  - Proceedings of the International Workshop on Interfaces: Ceramic and Metal Interfaces: Control at the Atomic Level: June 23–27, 2002, Oviedo, Spain
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 15
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 2727
SN  - 09552219
N1  - Accession Number: 10688652; Tomsia, Antoni P. 1 Torrecillas, Ramon 2; Email Address: rtorre@incar.csic.es Moya, Jose S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  2: Instituto Nacional del Carbon, CSIC La Corredoria s/n Ap 73, Oviedo 33080, Spain  3: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 15, p2727; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00282-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saiz, E.
AU  - Tomsia, A.P.
AU  - Suganuma, K.
T1  - Wetting and strength issues at Al/α–alumina interfaces
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2787
SN  - 09552219
AB  - The wetting behavior and strength at aluminum/alumina interfaces is an active subject of research. Al/alumina applications include ceramic-metal composites and several applications for electronic industries. In this paper the interface strength and microstructure of Al/α-alumina was investigated. We discovered that, in a solid-state joining, the strength of the joint increases with increasing joining temperature, whereas, in a liquid-state joining, the strength of the joint gradually decreases with increasing temperature due to the formation of unbonded areas. The strength, σb, is expressed by the following equation as a function of unbonded area, A: σb=2.69 A+116 (70%&les;A&les;100%). The highest strength reached 400 MPa when the interface was formed around the melting temperature of aluminum. An aluminum layer close to the interface became a single crystal when it was bonded to a sapphire. The following crystallographic orientation relationship was established:<fen><cp type="lpar" STYLE="S">1¯11<cp type="rpar" STYLE="S"></fen>Al//<fen><cp type="lpar" STYLE="S">001<cp type="rpar" STYLE="S"></fen>α-Al2O3,<110>Al//<100>α-Al2O3Amorphous alumina islands were formed at the interface. In the amorphous alumina, γ-alumina nanocrystals grew from the sapphire, with the same orientation relationship to sapphire as above. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WETTING
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - CERAMIC metals
KW  - Alumina
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Interface
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Sapphire
KW  - Strength
N1  - Accession Number: 10688660; Saiz, E. 1; Email Address: esaiz@lbl.gov Tomsia, A.P. 1 Suganuma, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Japan; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 15, p2787; Subject Term: WETTING; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: CERAMIC metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sapphire; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strength; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00290-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loehman, Ronald E.
AU  - Gauntt, Bryan D.
AU  - Michael Hosking, F.
AU  - Kotula, Paul G.
AU  - Rhodes, Summer
AU  - Stephens, John J.
T1  - Reaction and bonding of Hf and Zr containing alloys to alumina and silica
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2805
SN  - 09552219
AB  - We have investigated the wetting and reaction behavior of two less common transition element additives to braze alloys to learn more about their reaction and bonding mechanisms. Alloys of Ag with different amounts of Hf or Zr were reacted in a controlled atmosphere furnace with sapphire, alumina of 99.6 and 96% purity, and fused silica. We determined contact angles during heating and examined cross sections after cooling using electron analytical techniques. Different interfacial microstructures were obtained when the active metal was varied in an otherwise constant system. The Hf-containing alloys reacted with polycrystalline Al2O3 and had a dispersion of Hf-containing particles near the interface. If there were a reaction layer with the Al2O3 it was below the resolution of the analysis. By contrast, Zr reaction products were more evident and appeared to have diffused away from the interface into the alloy. The microstructural observations are interpreted using available thermodynamic data and known phase relations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WETTING
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Al2O3
KW  - Bonding
KW  - MgO
N1  - Accession Number: 10688662; Loehman, Ronald E.; Email Address: loehman@sandia.gov Gauntt, Bryan D. 1 Michael Hosking, F. 1 Kotula, Paul G. 1 Rhodes, Summer 1 Stephens, John J.; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories,<fn id="fn1">Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockhead Maryin Company, for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.</fn> Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 15, p2805; Subject Term: WETTING; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00292-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Jie
AU  - Saiz, Eduardo
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
T1  - Preparation of pHEMA–CP composites with high interfacial adhesion via template-driven mineralization
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2905
SN  - 09552219
AB  - We report a template-driven nucleation and mineral growth process for the high-affinity integration of calcium phosphate (CP) with a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogel scaffold. A mineralization technique was developed that exposes carboxylate groups on the surface of crosslinked pHEMA, promoting high-affinity nucleation and growth of calcium phosphate on the surface along with extensive calcification of the hydrogel interior. External factors such as the heating rate, the agitation of the mineral stock solution and the duration of the process that affect the outcome of the mineralization were investigated. This template-driven mineralization technique provides an efficient approach toward bonelike composites with high mineral–hydrogel interfacial adhesion strength. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - CALCIUM phosphate
KW  - HYDROGELS
KW  - CALCIFICATION
KW  - Biomedical applications
KW  - Heterogeneous nucleation
KW  - Hydrogel-CP composite
KW  - Interfacial adhesion
N1  - Accession Number: 10688674; Song, Jie 1,2; Email Address: jsong@lbl.gov Saiz, Eduardo 1 Bertozzi, Carolyn R. 1,2,3,4; Email Address: bertozzi@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 15, p2905; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: CALCIUM phosphate; Subject Term: HYDROGELS; Subject Term: CALCIFICATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomedical applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogel-CP composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial adhesion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00302-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopez-Esteban, S.
AU  - Saiz, E.
AU  - Fujino, S.
AU  - Oku, T.
AU  - Suganuma, K.
AU  - Tomsia, A.P.
T1  - Bioactive glass coatings for orthopedic metallic implants
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/12/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2921
SN  - 09552219
AB  - The objective of this work is to develop bioactive glass coatings for metallic orthopedic implants. A new family of glasses in the SiO2–Na2O–K2O–CaO–MgO–P2O5 system has been synthesized and characterized. The glass properties (thermal expansion, softening and transformation temperatures, density and hardness) are in line with the predictions of established empirical models. The optimized firing conditions to fabricate coatings on Ti-based and Co–Cr alloys have been determined and related to the glass properties and the interfacial reactions. Excellent adhesion to alloys has been achieved through the formation of 100–200 nm thick interfacial layers (Ti5Si3 on Ti-based alloys and CrOx on Co–Cr). Finally, glass coatings, approximately 100 μm thick, have been fabricated onto commercial Ti alloy-based dental implants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOACTIVE compounds
KW  - GLASS coatings
KW  - ORTHOPEDIC implants
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Biomedical applications
KW  - Films
KW  - Glass
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Thermal expansion
N1  - Accession Number: 10688675; Lopez-Esteban, S. 1; Email Address: slopez-esteban@lbl.gov Saiz, E. 1 Fujino, S. 2 Oku, T. 3 Suganuma, K. 3 Tomsia, A.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan  3: Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 15, p2921; Subject Term: BIOACTIVE compounds; Subject Term: GLASS coatings; Subject Term: ORTHOPEDIC implants; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomedical applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal expansion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00303-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yuanbing Mao, Gert
AU  - Banerjee, Sarbajit
AU  - Wong, Stanislaus S.
T1  - Large-Scale Synthesis of SingIe-Crystalline Perovskite Nanostructures.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/24/
VL  - 125
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 15718
EP  - 15719
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Nanoscale structures, such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanowires, nanocubes and nanotubes, have attracted extensive synthetic attention as a result of their novel size-dependent properties. However, part of the challenge of developing practical nanoscale devices for a variety of applications is the ability to synthesize and characterize these nanostructures to rationally exploit their nanoscale optical, electronic, thermal and mechanical properties. Strategies for the preparation of 1-D nanowires include formation from a confined alloy droplet, as described by the vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism, the kinetic control of growth through the use of capping reagents, the generation through a chimie douce solution chemical methodology and the use of template inspired methodologies.
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12120919; Yuanbing Mao, Gert 1 Banerjee, Sarbajit 1 Wong, Stanislaus S. 1,2; Email Address: sswong@bnI.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400.  2: Materials and Chemical Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 480, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 12/24/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 51, p15718; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naider, Fred
AU  - Ding, Fa-Xiang
AU  - VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.
AU  - Arshava, Boris
AU  - Becker, Jeffrey M.
T1  - Synthesis and Biophysical Characterization of a Multidomain Peptide from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae G Protein-coupled Receptor.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/26/
VL  - 278
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 52537
EP  - 52545
SN  - 00219258
AB  - We attached peptides corresponding to the seventh transmembrane domain (TMD7) of the α-mating factor receptor (Ste2p) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to a hydrophilic, 40-residue fragment of the carboxyl terminus of this G protein-coupled receptor. Peptides corresponding to (a) the 40-residue portion of the carboxyl tail (T-40), (b) the tail plus a part of TMD7 (M7-12-T40), and (c) to the tail plus the full TMD7 (M7-24-T40) were chemically synthesized and purified. The molecular mass and primary sequence of these peptides were confirmed by mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry procedures. Circular dichroism (CD) revealed that T-40 was disordered in phosphate buffer and in the presence of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3- [phospho-racemic-(1-glycerol)] bilayers. In contrast, M7-12-T40 and M7-24-T40 peptides were partially helical in the presence of vesicles, and difference CD spectroscopy showed that the transmembrane regions of these peptides were 42 and 94% helical, respectively. CD analysis also demonstrated that M7-24T40 retained its secondary structure in the presence of 1-palmitoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-racemic(1-glycerol)] micelles at 0.5 mM concentration. Thus, the tail and the transmembrane domain of the multidomain 64-amino acid residue peptide manifest individual conformational preferences. Measurement of tryptophan fluorescence indicated that the transmembrane domain integrated into bilayers in a manner similar to that expected for this region in the native state of the receptor. This study demonstrated that the tail of Ste2p can be used as a hydrophilic template to study transmembrane domain structure using techniques such as CD and NMR spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - G proteins
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12076309; Naider, Fred 1,2 Ding, Fa-Xiang 1 VerBerkmoes, Nathan C. 3,4 Arshava, Boris 1 Becker, Jeffrey M. 3,5; Email Address: naider@postbox.csi.cuny.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island and Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, City University of New York, New York  2: Program in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate School and University Center of The City University of New York  3: Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee  4: Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee  5: Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee; Source Info: 12/26/2003, Vol. 278 Issue 52, p52537; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject Term: G proteins; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 18 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, G.
AU  - Shinar, J.
T1  - Combinatorial fabrication and studies of bright white organic light-emitting devices based on emission from rubrene-doped 4,4[sup ′]-bis(2,2[sup ′]-diphenylvinyl)-1,1[sup ′]-biphenyl.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 83
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5359
EP  - 5361
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Very bright and efficient white multilayer organic light-emitting devices based on orange-emitting 2–10-nm-thick layers of 0.25 and 0.5 wt % rubrene-doped 4,4′-bis(2,2′-diphenylvinyl)-1,1′biphenyl are described. The color coordinates of all but one of the devices are well within the white region at 6–12 V, corresponding to a dynamic white brightness range of 30 dB. Their highest brightness L[sub max] was over 74 000 Cd/m[sup 2]; in all devices L[sub max] exceeded 50 000 Cd/m[sup 2]. The maximum efficiencies were 11.0 Cd/A, 6.0 lm/W, and 4.6% at 5.8 V, 0.6 mA/cm[sup 2], and 68 Cd/m[sup 2] in the 0.25 wt %, 2-nm-thick doped layer device. The color variation is attributed to either emission from different zones in devices with a thin doped layer, or saturation of emission sites due to relatively light doping. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 11753306; Li, G. 1 Shinar, J. 1; Email Address: shinar@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University; Source Info: 12/29/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 26, p5359; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635658
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fontcuberta i Morral, A.
AU  - Zahler, J.M.
AU  - Atwater, Harry A.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, S.P.
AU  - Wanlass, M.W.
T1  - InGaAs/InP double heterostructures on InP/Si templates fabricated by wafer bonding and hydrogen-induced exfoliation.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 83
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5413
EP  - 5415
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Hydrogen-induced exfoliation combined with wafer bonding has been used to transfer ∼600-nm-thick films of (100) InP to Si substrates. Cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows a transferred crystalline InP layer with no observable defects in the region near the bonded interface and an intimately bonded interface. InP and Si are covalently bonded as inferred by the fact that InP/Si pairs survived both TEM preparation and thermal cycles up to 620 °C necessary for metalorganic chemical vapor deposition growth. The InP transferred layers were used as epitaxial templates for the growth of InP/In[sub 0.53]Ga[sub 0.47]As/InP double heterostructures. Photoluminescence measurements of the In[sub 0.53]Ga[sub 0.47]As layer show that it is optically active and under tensile strain, due to differences in the thermal expansion between InP and Si. These are promising results in terms of a future integration of Si electronics with optical devices based on InP-lattice-matched materials. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 11753288; Fontcuberta i Morral, A. 1; Email Address: annafm@poly.polytechnique.fr Zahler, J.M. 1 Atwater, Harry A. 1 Ahrenkiel, S.P. 2 Wanlass, M.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Thomas J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Source Info: 12/29/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 26, p5413; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637429
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Senger, R.T.
AU  - Bajaj, K.K.
AU  - Jones, E.D.
AU  - Modine, N.A.
AU  - Waldrip, K.E.
AU  - Jalali, F.
AU  - Klem, J.F.
AU  - Peake, G.M.
AU  - Wei, X.
AU  - Tozer, S.W.
T1  - Magnetoluminescence properties of GaAsSbN/GaAs quantum well structures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 83
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5425
EP  - 5427
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report a measurement of the variation of the diamagnetic shift of a heavy-hole exciton in a single coherently strained GaAs[sub 0.685]Sb[sub 0.3]N[sub 0.015]/GaAs quantum well as a function of magnetic field up to 32 T at 1.3 K using photoluminescence spectroscopy. The excitons are known to be localized in this alloy system. This localization is simulated by assuming that the hole is completely immobilized, i.e., its mass is infinite. Using this model we have calculated the variation of the diamagnetic shift with magnetic field in this quantum well structure following a variational approach. We find that the observed variation of the diamagnetic shift with magnetic field agrees quite well with that calculated when the mass of the conduction electron in the well is assumed to be 0.09 m[sub 0], about 50% larger than in GaAs[sub 0.7]Sb[sub 0.3], an increase similar to that found in GaAsN for the same nitrogen composition. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 11753284; Senger, R.T. 1; Email Address: senger@physics.emory.edu Bajaj, K.K. 1 Jones, E.D. 2 Modine, N.A. 2 Waldrip, K.E. 2 Jalali, F. 2 Klem, J.F. 2 Peake, G.M. 2 Wei, X. 3 Tozer, S.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Emory University  2: Sandia National Laboratories  3: NHMFL, Florida State University; Source Info: 12/29/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 26, p5425; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637439
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morton, D.P.
AU  - Overberg, M.E.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
AU  - Pruessner, K.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F.
AU  - Lee, J.S.
AU  - Khim, Z.G.
AU  - Park, Y.D.
AU  - Wilson, R.G.
T1  - Ferromagnetism in cobalt-implanted ZnO.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 83
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5488
EP  - 5490
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The magnetic and structural properties of cobalt-implanted ZnO single crystals are reported. High-quality, (110)-oriented single-crystal Sn-doped ZnO substrates were implanted at ∼350 °C with Co to yield transition metal concentrations of 3–5 at. % in the near-surface (∼2000 Å) region. After implantation, the samples were subject to a 5 min rapid thermal annealing at 700 °C. Magnetization measurements indicate ferromagnetic behavior, with hysteresis observed in the M vs H behavior at T=5 K. Coercive fields were ≤100 Oe at this measurement temperature. Temperature-dependent magnetization measurements showed evidence for ordering temperatures of >300 K, although hysteresis in the M vs H behavior was not observed at room temperature. Four-circle x-ray diffraction results indicate the presence of (110)-oriented hexagonal phase Co in the ZnO matrix. From the 2θ full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the Co (110) peak, the nanocrystal size is estimated to be ∼3.5 nm, which is below the superparamagnetic limit at room temperature. In-plane x-ray diffraction results show that the nanocrystals are epitaxial with respect to the ZnO host matrix. The magnetic properties are consistent with the presence of Co nanocrystals, but do not preclude the possibility that a component of the magnetism is due to Co substitution on the Zn site in the ZnO matrix. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 11753263; Morton, D.P. 1; Email Address: dnort@mse.ufl.edu Overberg, M.E. 1 Pearton, S.J. 1 Pruessner, K. 1 Budai, J.D. 2 Boatner, L.A. 2 Chisholm, M.F. 2 Lee, J.S. 3 Khim, Z.G. 3 Park, Y.D. 3 Wilson, R.G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  3: School of Physics, Seoul National University  4: Stevenson Ranch, California; Source Info: 12/29/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 26, p5488; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637719
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jang-Sik Lee, J.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Sang Yeol Lee
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
T1  - Lateral epitaxial growth of (Ba,Sr)TiO[sub 3] thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 83
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5494
EP  - 5496
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report a technique for epitaxial thin-film growth by combination of selective heteroepitaxial and lateral homoepitaxial growth. (Ba,Sr)TiO[sub 3] (BST) thin films were deposited on LaAlO[sub 3] having amorphous SiO[sub x] masking layers with stripe patterns at 450 °C by pulsed-laser deposition. Postannealing was carried out thereafter for lateral epitaxial growth. The difference in BST nucleation temperatures from the amorphous masking regions and lattice-matched single-crystalline substrates enables selective nucleation. Heteroepitaxial growth takes place in the regions of single-crystalline substrates, whereas lateral homoepitaxial growth evolves from the crystallized BST towards the SiO[sub x] masked region during postannealing process. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 11753261; Jang-Sik Lee, J. 1; Email Address: jslee@lan1.gov Wang, H. 1,2 Sang Yeol Lee 1 Foltyn, S.R. 1; Email Address: qxjia@lan1.gov Jia, Q.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University; Source Info: 12/29/2003, Vol. 83 Issue 26, p5494; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637445
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11753261&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bin Li
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Synthesis and Characterization of the New Cluster Phase K[sub 39]In[sub 80]. Three K-In Compounds with Remarkably Specific and Transferable Cation Dispositions.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 42
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8768
EP  - 8772
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Describes the synthesis and characterization of the cluster phase K[sub 39]In[sub 80].  Description of the title compounds as K-In compounds with remarkable specific and transferable cation dispositions; Synthesis of compounds by fusion of the elements in stoichiometric proportions in Nb containers; Establishment of trigonal structure by single-crystla x-ray means; Description of crystal structure as a three-dimensional indium network composed of five kinds of clusters.
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - POTASSIUM compounds
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12013398; Bin Li 1 Corbett, John D. 1; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory—DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa States University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 12/29/2003, Vol. 42 Issue 26, p8768; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: POTASSIUM compounds; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Atkinson, K.J.W.
AU  - Grimes, Robin W.
AU  - Levy, Mark R.
AU  - Coull, Zoe L.
AU  - English, Tim
T1  - Accommodation of impurities in α-Al2O3, α-Cr2O3 and α-Fe2O3
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 23
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3059
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Atomic scale computer simulation was used to predict the mechanisms and energies associated with the accommodation of aliovalent and isovalent dopants in three host oxides with the corundum structure. Here we consider a much more extensive range of dopant ions than has previously been the case. This enables a rigorous comparison of calculated mechanism energetics. From this we predict that divalent ions are charge compensated by oxygen vacancies and tetravalent ions by cation vacancies over the full range of dopant radii. When defect associations are included in the model these conclusions remain valid. At equilibrium, defects resulting from extrinsic dopant solution dominate intrinsic processes, except for the largest dopant cations. Solution reaction energies increase markedly with increasing dopant radius. The behaviour of cluster binding energies is more complex. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - CORUNDUM
KW  - IONS
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - Al2O3
KW  - Cr2O3
KW  - Detect chemistry
KW  - Dopants
KW  - Fe2O3
KW  - Impurities
KW  - Simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 10688635; Atkinson, K.J.W. 1,2 Grimes, Robin W. 1,3; Email Address: r.grimes@ic.ac.uk Levy, Mark R. 1 Coull, Zoe L. 1 English, Tim 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Imperial College, London SW7 2BP, UK  2: The Royal Institution, 21 Albermarle St., London W1X 4BS, UK  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Corus UK Ltd, Swinden Technology Centre, Moorgate Road, Rotherham S60 3AR, UK; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 23 Issue 16, p3059; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: CORUNDUM; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cr2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detect chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dopants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00101-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Mikkel B.
AU  - Choi, Ho-Meoyng
AU  - Kisslinger, Leonard S.
T1  - Bubble collisions in a <f>SU(2)</f> model of QCD
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 729
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 729
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Starting from the QCD action in an instanton-like <f>SU(2)</f> Yang–Mills field theory, we derive equations of motion in Minkowski space. Possible bubble collisions are studied in a <f>1+1</f> dimension reduction. We find gluonic structures which might give rise to CMBR effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YANG-Mills theory
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - EQUATIONS of motion
KW  - GENERALIZED spaces (Mathematics)
KW  - Bubble collisions
KW  - Cosmology
KW  - QCD phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 11467599; Johnson, Mikkel B. 1 Choi, Ho-Meoyng 2,3 Kisslinger, Leonard S. 2; Email Address: kissling@andrew.cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  3: Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-701, South Korea; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 729 Issue 2-4, p729; Subject Term: YANG-Mills theory; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of motion; Subject Term: GENERALIZED spaces (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bubble collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmology; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCD phase transition; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.09.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11467599&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bürvenich, T.J.
AU  - Madland, D.G.
T1  - A nucleonic NJL model for finite nuclei: dynamic mass generation and ground-state observables
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 729
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 769
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We test the compatibility of chiral symmetry, dynamic mass generation of the nucleon due to spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry, and the description of finite nuclear systems by employing an NJL model understood as a chiral invariant effective theory for nucleons. We apply the model to nuclear matter as well as to finite nuclei. In the latter case, the model is adjusted to nuclear ground-state observables. We treat the case of a pure chiral theory and the physically more realistic case where a portion of the nucleon mass (160 MeV) explicitly breaks chiral symmetry. The best version of this current model is found to deliver reasonably good results simultaneously for both finite nuclei and the nucleon mass, which supports our motivation of probing a link between low-momentum QCD and the nuclear many-body problem. However, the observables calculated for finite nuclei are not as good as those coming from existing relativistic mean field models without explicit chiral symmetry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE nuclei
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Finite nuclei
KW  - Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model
KW  - Nuclear matter
KW  - Relativistic mean-field model
N1  - Accession Number: 11467601; Bürvenich, T.J.; Email Address: tbuerven@lanl.gov Madland, D.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 729 Issue 2-4, p769; Subject Term: FINITE nuclei; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite nuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic mean-field model; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.10.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11467601&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baur, Gerhard
AU  - Hencken, Kai
AU  - Aste, Andreas
AU  - Trautmann, Dirk
AU  - Klein, Spencer R.
T1  - Multi-photon exchange processes in ultraperipheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2003/12/29/
VL  - 729
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 787
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The very strong electromagnetic fields present in ultraperipheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions lead to important higher-order effects of the electromagnetic interaction. These multi-photon exchange processes are studied using perturbation theory and the sudden or Glauber approximation. In many important cases, the multi-photon amplitudes factorize into independent single-photon amplitudes. These amplitudes have a common impact parameter vector, which induces correlations between the amplitudes. Impact-parameter dependent equivalent-photon spectra for simultaneous excitation are calculated, as well as, impact-parameter dependent <f>γγ</f>-luminosities. Excitations, like the multi-phonon giant dipole resonances, vector meson production and multiple <f>e+e−</f>-pair production can be treated analytically in a bosonic model, analogous to the emission of soft photons in QED. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11467602; Baur, Gerhard 1 Hencken, Kai 2; Email Address: k.hencken@unibas.ch Aste, Andreas 2 Trautmann, Dirk 2 Klein, Spencer R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany  2: Universität Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 729 Issue 2-4, p787; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.09.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11467602&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodgson, A.T.
AU  - Faulkner, D.
AU  - Sullivan, D.P.
AU  - DiBartolomeo, D.L.
AU  - Russell, M.L.
AU  - Fisk, W.J.
T1  - Effect of outside air ventilation rate on volatile organic compound concentrations in a call center
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5517
SN  - 13522310
AB  - A study of the relationship between outside air ventilation rate and concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated indoors was conducted in a call center office building. The building, with two floors and a total floor area of 4600 m2, is located in the San Francisco Bay Area, CA. Ventilation rates were manipulated with the building''s four air handling units (AHUs). VOC and CO2 concentrations in the AHU returns were measured on 7 days during a 13-week period. VOC emission factors were determined for individual zones on days when they were operating at near steady-state conditions. The emission factor data were subjected to principal component (PC) analysis to identify groups of co-varying compounds. Potential sources of the PC vectors were ascribed based on information from the literature. The per occupant CO2 generation rates were 0.0068–0.0092 l s−1. The per occupant isoprene generation rates of 0.2–0.3 mg h−1 were consistent with the value predicted by mass balance from breath concentration and exhalation rate. The relationships between indoor minus outdoor VOC concentrations and ventilation rate were qualitatively examined for eight VOCs. Of these, acetaldehyde and hexanal, which likely were associated with material sources, and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, associated with personal care products, exhibited general trends of higher concentrations at lower ventilation rates. For other compounds, a clear inverse relationship between VOC concentrations and ventilation was not observed. The net concentration of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate isomers, examples of low-volatility compounds, changed very little with ventilation likely due to sorption and re-emission effects. These results illustrate that the efficacy of ventilation for controlling VOC concentrations can vary considerably depending upon the operation of the building, the pollutant sources and the physical and chemical processes affecting the pollutants. Thus, source control measures, in addition to adequate ventilation, are required to limit concentrations of VOCs in office buildings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - VOLATILE organic compounds
KW  - CALL centers
KW  - PRINCIPAL components analysis
KW  - Formaldehyde
KW  - Indoor air quality
KW  - Office building
KW  - Principal component analysis
KW  - VOC emission rates
N1  - Accession Number: 11786917; Hodgson, A.T.; Email Address: athodgson@lbl.gov Faulkner, D. 1 Sullivan, D.P. 1 DiBartolomeo, D.L. 1 Russell, M.L. 1 Fisk, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5517; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: VOLATILE organic compounds; Subject Term: CALL centers; Subject Term: PRINCIPAL components analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Formaldehyde; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Office building; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal component analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOC emission rates; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561420 Telephone call centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561422 Telemarketing Bureaus and Other Contact Centers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Hodgson, Alfred T.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W
T1  - Gas-phase organics in environmental tobacco smoke: 2. Exposure-relevant emission factors and indirect exposures from habitual smoking
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5551
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Sorption of emitted gas-phase organic compounds onto material surfaces affects environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) composition and exposures indoors. We have introduced a new metric, the exposure relevant emission factor (EREF) that accounts for sorptive uptake and reemission to give the mass of individual ETS constituents available for exposure over a day in which smoking occurs. This paper describes month-long experiments to investigate sorption effects on EREFs and potential ETS exposures under habitual smoking conditions. Cigarettes were smoked in a 50-m3 furnished room over a 3-h period 6–7 days per week, with continuous ventilation at 0.3, 0.6, or 2.1 h−1. Organic gas concentrations were measured every few days over 4-h “smoking”, 10-h “post-smoking” and 10-h “background” periods. Concentration patterns of volatile ETS components including 1,3-butadiene, benzene and acrolein were similar to those calculated for a theoretical non-sorbing tracer, indicating limited sorption. Concentrations of ETS tracers, e.g. 3-ethenylpyridine (3-EP) and nicotine, and lower volatility toxic air contaminants including phenol, cresols, and naphthalene increased as experiments progressed, indicating mass accumulation on surfaces and higher desorption rates. Daily patterns stabilized after week 2, yielding a steady daily cycle of ETS concentrations associated with habitual smoking. EREFs for sorbing compounds were higher under steady cycle versus single-day smoking conditions by ∼50% for 3-EP, and by 2–3 times for nicotine, phenol, cresols, naphthalene, and methylnaphthalenes. Our results provide relevant information about potential indirect exposures from residual ETS (non-smoker enters room shortly after smoker finishes) and from reemission, and their importance relative to direct exposures (non-smoker present during smoking). Under the conditions examined, indirect exposures accounted for a larger fraction of total potential exposures for sorbing versus non-sorbing compounds, and at lower versus higher ventilation rates. Increasing ventilation can reduce indirect exposures to very low levels for non-sorbing ETS components, but indirect routes accounted for ∼50% of potential nicotine exposures during non-smoking periods at all ventilation rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - TOBACCO smoke
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - Emission factors
KW  - Environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - ETS tracers
KW  - Exposure assessment
KW  - Hazardous air pollutants
KW  - Nicotine
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Toxic air contaminants
N1  - Accession Number: 11786920; Singer, Brett C. 1; Email Address: bcsinger@lbl.gov Hodgson, Alfred T. 1 Nazaroff, William W 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5551; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: TOBACCO smoke; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: ETS tracers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous air pollutants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nicotine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxic air contaminants; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786920&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gadgil, A.J.
AU  - Lobscheid, C.
AU  - Abadie, M.O.
AU  - Finlayson, E.U.
T1  - Indoor pollutant mixing time in an isothermal closed room: an investigation using CFD
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5577
SN  - 13522310
AB  - We report on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions of mixing time of a pollutant in an unventilated, mechanically mixed, isothermal room. The study aims to determine: (1) the adequacy of the standard Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes two-equation <f>(k−&epsiv;)</f> turbulence model for predicting the mixing time under these conditions and (2) the extent to which the mixing time depends on the room airflow, rather than the source location within the room. The CFD simulations modeled the 12 mixing time experiments performed by Drescher et al. (Indoor Air 5 (1995) 204) using a point pulse release in an isothermal, sealed room mechanically mixed with variable power blowers. Predictions of mixing time were found in good agreement with experimental measurements, over an order of magnitude variation in blower power. Additional CFD simulations were performed to investigate the relation between pollutant mixing time and source location. Seventeen source locations and five blower configurations were investigated. Results clearly show large dependence of the mixing time on the room airflow, with some dependence on source location. We further explore dependence of mixing time on the velocity and turbulence intensity at the source location. Implications for positioning air-toxic sensors in rooms are briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - CFD modeling
KW  - Mixing time
KW  - Pollutant dispersion
KW  - Short-term exposure
N1  - Accession Number: 11786922; Gadgil, A.J.; Email Address: ajgadgil@lbl.gov Lobscheid, C. Abadie, M.O. Finlayson, E.U. 1; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94702, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5577; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: CFD modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixing time; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollutant dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short-term exposure; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786922&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sippola, Mark R.
AU  - Nazaroff, William W
T1  - Modeling particle loss in ventilation ducts
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5597
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Empirical equations were developed and applied to predict losses of 0.01–100 μm airborne particles making a single pass through 120 different ventilation duct runs typical of those found in mid-sized office buildings. For all duct runs, losses were negligible for submicron particles and nearly complete for particles larger than 50 μm. The 50th percentile cut-point diameters were 15 μm in supply runs and 25 μm in return runs. Losses in supply duct runs were higher than in return duct runs, mostly because internal insulation was present in portions of supply duct runs, but absent from return duct runs. Single-pass equations for particle loss in duct runs were combined with models for predicting ventilation system filtration efficiency and particle deposition to indoor surfaces to evaluate the fates of particles of indoor and outdoor origin in an archetypal mechanically ventilated building. Results suggest that duct losses are a minor influence for determining indoor concentrations for most particle sizes. Losses in ducts were of a comparable magnitude to indoor surface losses for most particle sizes. For outdoor air drawn into an unfiltered ventilation system, most particles smaller than 1 μm are exhausted from the building. Large particles deposit within the building, mostly in supply ducts or on indoor surfaces. When filters are present, most particles are either filtered or exhausted. The fates of particles generated indoors follow similar trends as outdoor particles drawn into the building. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - OFFICE buildings
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Deposition
KW  - Duct
KW  - Indoor air quality
KW  - Transport mechanisms
KW  - Ventilation
N1  - Accession Number: 11786924; Sippola, Mark R. 1 Nazaroff, William W 1,2; Email Address: nazaroff@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, 633 Davis Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5597; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: OFFICE buildings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Duct; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786924&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lunden, Melissa M.
AU  - Revzan, Kenneth L.
AU  - Fischer, Marc L.
AU  - Thatcher, Tracy L.
AU  - Littlejohn, David
AU  - Hering, Susanne V.
AU  - Brown, Nancy J.
T1  - The transformation of outdoor ammonium nitrate aerosols in the indoor environment
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 37
IS  - 39/40
M3  - Article
SP  - 5633
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Recent studies associate particulate air pollution with adverse health effects; however, the exposure to indoor particles of outdoor origin is not well characterized, particularly for individual chemical species. We conducted a field study in an unoccupied, single-story residence in Clovis, California to provide data and analyses to address issues important for assessing exposure. We used real-time particle monitors both outdoors and indoors to quantify nitrate, sulfate, and carbon particulate matter of particle size 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM-2.5). The results show that measured indoor ammonium nitrate concentrations were significantly lower than would be expected based solely on penetration and deposition losses. The additional reduction can be attributed to the transformation indoors of ammonium nitrate into ammonia and nitric acid gases, which are subsequently lost by deposition and sorption to indoor surfaces. A mass balance model that accounts for the kinetics of ammonium nitrate evaporation was able to reproduce measured indoor ammonium nitrate and nitric acid concentrations, resulting in a fitted value of the deposition velocity for nitric acid of 0.56 cm s−1. The results indicate that indoor exposure to outdoor ammonium nitrate in Central Valley of California are small, and suggest that exposure assessments based on total particle mass measured outdoors may obscure the actual causal relationships for indoor exposure to particles of outdoor origin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - CHEMICAL speciation
KW  - AMMONIUM
KW  - Aerosols
KW  - Ammonia
KW  - Chemical transformation
KW  - Indoor particulate nitrate
KW  - Nitric acid
KW  - Penetration
N1  - Accession Number: 11786928; Lunden, Melissa M. 1; Email Address: mmlunden@lbl.gov Revzan, Kenneth L. 1 Fischer, Marc L. 1 Thatcher, Tracy L. 1 Littlejohn, David 1 Hering, Susanne V. 2 Brown, Nancy J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Aerosol Dynamics Inc., 2329 4th Street, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 37 Issue 39/40, p5633; Subject Term: BULK solids; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: CHEMICAL speciation; Subject Term: AMMONIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ammonia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor particulate nitrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitric acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Penetration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.035
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786928&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherian, Suman
AU  - Gupta, Rakesh K.
AU  - Mullin, Beth C.
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - Detection of heavy metal ions using protein-functionalized microcantilever sensors
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
SN  - 09565663
AB  - Microcantilevers functionalized with metal-binding protein, AgNt84-6, are demonstrated to be sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions like Hg2+ and Zn2+. AgNt84-6, a protein that has the ability to bind multiple atoms of Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ was attached to the gold-coated side of silicon nitride cantilevers via linker groups. Upon exposure to 0.1 mM HgCl2 and 0.1 mM ZnCl2 solutions, the microcantilevers underwent bending corresponding to an expanding gold side. Exposure to a 0.1 mM solution of MnCl2 solution did not result in a similar bending indicating a weak or no interaction of Mn2+ ions with the AgNt84-6 protein. The microcantilever bending data were consistent with data from electrophoresis carried out on SDS-PAGE gels containing metal ions that showed protein interaction with Zn2+ ions but not with Mn2+ ions. Thus, we demonstrate that microcantilever bending can be used to discriminate between metal ions that bind and do not bind to AgNt84-6 protein in real time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY metals
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - Heavy metal ions detection
KW  - Metallohistins
KW  - Microcantilever
N1  - Accession Number: 11401119; Cherian, Suman 1 Gupta, Rakesh K. 2,3 Mullin, Beth C. 2 Thundat, Thomas 1; Email Address: thundattg@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA  2: Department of Botany and Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Department of Microbiology, RLA College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p411; Subject Term: HEAVY metals; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy metal ions detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallohistins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0956-5663(03)00226-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11401119&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mu-Chun Chen
AU  - Mahanthappa, K. T.
T1  - FERMION MASSES AND MIXING AND CP-VIOLATION IN SO(10) MODELS WITH FAMILY SYMMETRIES.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 5819
EP  - 5888
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Several ideas for solving the problem of fermion mass hierarchy and mixing and specific supersymmetric models that realize it are reviewed. In particular, we discuss many models based on SO(10) in four dimensions combined with a family symmetry to accommodate fermion mass hierarchy and mixing, including the case of neutrinos. These models are compared and various tests that can be used to distinguish these models are suggested. We also include a discussion of a few SO(10) models in higher space–time dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - SPACE & time
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CP violation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CP violation
KW  - Fermion masses
KW  - grand unification
N1  - Accession Number: 12185458; Mu-Chun Chen 1; Email Address: chen@quark.phy.bnl.gov Mahanthappa, K. T. 2; Email Address: ktm@verb.colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Theory Group, Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0390, USA; Source Info: 12/30/2003, Vol. 18 Issue 32, p5819; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: SPACE & time; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CP violation (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: CP violation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermion masses; Author-Supplied Keyword: grand unification; Number of Pages: 70p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, Bradley G.
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - Villeneuve, Pierre
T1  - The polarized emissivity of a wind-roughened sea surface: A Monte Carlo model
JO  - Remote Sensing of Environment
JF  - Remote Sensing of Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 88
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
SN  - 00344257
AB  - We use a Monte Carlo ray-tracing model to compute the thermal-infrared emissivity of a wind-roughened sea surface. The model includes the effects of both shadowing and the reflected component of surface emission. By using Stokes vectors to quantify the radiation along a given ray path, we compute the effects of polarization as well. We separate the direct emission from surface reflections to show how each affects the nature of the emitted field. The reflected component is an important part of the radiative transfer and affects nearly 10% of the ray paths at emission angles between 60° and 80° at wind speeds &gsim;5 m/s, increasing the effective emissivity by as much as 0.03. The modeled emissivities agree nicely with recent sea surface emissivity measurements. We also compare the Monte Carlo results to a recently published analytic model and show that the two vary somewhat due to differences in the amount of the reflected component included in the calculations. Surface roughness has a large effect on the polarization between 60° and 90° but less so at smaller angles. Including the reflected component has a small but noticeable effect which actually enhances the degree of polarization at intermediate angles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Remote Sensing of Environment is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Emissivity
KW  - Polarization
KW  - SST
KW  - Thermal infrared
N1  - Accession Number: 11537293; Henderson, Bradley G.; Email Address: henders@lanl.gov Theiler, James 1 Villeneuve, Pierre; Affiliation:  1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences Group, NIS-2, Los Alamos National, Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 88 Issue 4, p453; Subject Term: OCEAN; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: SST; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal infrared; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.rse.2003.09.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11537293&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, Bradley G.
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - Villeneuve, Pierre
T1  - The polarized emissivity of a wind-roughened sea surface: A Monte Carlo model
JO  - Remote Sensing of Environment
JF  - Remote Sensing of Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 88
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
SN  - 00344257
AB  - We use a Monte Carlo ray-tracing model to compute the thermal-infrared emissivity of a wind-roughened sea surface. The model includes the effects of both shadowing and the reflected component of surface emission. By using Stokes vectors to quantify the radiation along a given ray path, we compute the effects of polarization as well. We separate the direct emission from surface reflections to show how each affects the nature of the emitted field. The reflected component is an important part of the radiative transfer and affects nearly 10% of the ray paths at emission angles between 60° and 80° at wind speeds &gsim;5 m/s, increasing the effective emissivity by as much as 0.03. The modeled emissivities agree nicely with recent sea surface emissivity measurements. We also compare the Monte Carlo results to a recently published analytic model and show that the two vary somewhat due to differences in the amount of the reflected component included in the calculations. Surface roughness has a large effect on the polarization between 60° and 90° but less so at smaller angles. Including the reflected component has a small but noticeable effect which actually enhances the degree of polarization at intermediate angles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Remote Sensing of Environment is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Optical polarization
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Emissivity
KW  - Polarization
KW  - SST
KW  - Thermal infrared
N1  - Accession Number: 11537293; Henderson, Bradley G.; Email Address: henders@lanl.gov; Theiler, James 1; Villeneuve, Pierre; Affiliations: 1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences Group, NIS-2, Los Alamos National, Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Dec2003, Vol. 88 Issue 4, p453; Thesaurus Term: Ocean; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Optical polarization; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: SST; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal infrared; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.rse.2003.09.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11537293&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leggett, R.W.
AU  - Williams, L.R.
AU  - Melo, D.R.
AU  - Lipsztein, J.L.
T1  - A physiologically based biokinetic model for cesium in the human body
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2003/12/30/
VL  - 317
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
SN  - 00489697
AB  - A physiologically descriptive model of the biological behavior of cesium in the human body has been constructed around a detailed blood flow model. The rate of transfer from plasma into a tissue is determined by the blood perfusion rate and the tissue-specific extraction fraction of Cs during passage from arterial to venous plasma. Information on tissue-specific extraction of Cs is supplemented with information on the Cs analogues, K and Rb, and known patterns of discrimination between these metals by tissues. The rate of return from a tissue to plasma is estimated from the relative contents of Cs in plasma and the tissue at equilibrium as estimated from environmental studies. Transfers of Cs other than exchange between plasma and tissues (e.g. secretions into the gastrointestinal tract) are based on a combination of physiological considerations and empirical data on Cs or related elements. Model predictions are consistent with the sizable database on the time-dependent distribution and retention of radiocesium in the human body. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - BLOOD flow
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - PERFUSION (Physiology)
KW  - Biokinetics
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Humans
KW  - Model
KW  - Potassium
KW  - Rubidium
N1  - Accession Number: 11401650; Leggett, R.W. 1; Email Address: rwl@ornl.gov Williams, L.R. 2 Melo, D.R. 3 Lipsztein, J.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Indiana University at South Bend, 1700 Mishawaka Avenue, South Bend, IN 46634, USA  3: Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Instituto de Radioprotecão e Dosimetria, Av Salvador Allende, s/no Recreio, CEP 2270-160, CX Postal 37750, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Source Info: Dec2003, Vol. 317 Issue 1-3, p235; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: BLOOD flow; Subject Term: BLOOD plasma; Subject Term: PERFUSION (Physiology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Biokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Humans; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potassium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubidium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00333-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11401650&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, Guirong
AU  - Yim, Hyun
AU  - Kent, Michael S.
AU  - Majewski, Jaroslaw
AU  - Schaefer, Dale W.
T1  - Neutron reflectivity investigation of bis-amino silane films.
JO  - Journal of Adhesion Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Adhesion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 17
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2175
EP  - 2189
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01694243
AB  - Neutron reflectivity is used to elucidate the morphology of silane films deposited on silicon wafers, and the response of these films to vapors of swelling solvents. Bis-silyl functional silanes studied here have six hydrolyzable groups and are believed to be more crosslinked than tri- and tetra-functional analogs. The enhanced crosslinking leads to better barrier properties in anti-corrosion applications. In this study, solvent swelling is used to assess the degree of condensation and the crosslink density in bis-[trimethoxysilylpropyl]amine (bis-amino) films. Nitrobenzene swells the films but does not react chemically with the films. The results show that bis-amino silane films are highly condensed, with a nitrobenzene-depleted layer near the silicon substrate. D[sub 2]O both swells (at 25°C and 80°C) and chemically alters the films (at 80°C). The reflectivity data upon exposure to D[sub 2]O vapors at 80°C are consistent with exchange of the amino proton ([sup 1]H) with deuterium (D). A hydrophilic layer is postulated at both the air and substrate interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Adhesion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILANE
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - NITROBENZENE
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DEGRADATION
KW  - NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY
KW  - SWELLING
N1  - Accession Number: 11979629; Pan, Guirong 1 Yim, Hyun 2 Kent, Michael S. 2 Majewski, Jaroslaw 3 Schaefer, Dale W. 1; Email Address: dale.schaefer@uc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA.  2: Department 1811, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.  3: Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87585, USA.; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 17 Issue 16, p2175; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SILANE; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: NITROBENZENE; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: DEGRADATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: SWELLING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1163/156856103772150779
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11979629&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heng Yu
AU  - Jingbo Li, John B.
AU  - Loomis, Richard A.
AU  - Gibbons, Patrick C.
AU  - Lin-Wang Wang
AU  - Buhro, William E.
T1  - Cadmium Selenide Quantum Wires and the Transition from 3D to 2D Confinement.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 125
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 16168
EP  - 16169
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The recent availability of semiconductor nanocrystals having anisotropic rod, wire, arrow, teardrop and tetrapod morphologies has renewed interest in how shape affects the electronic and optical properties of quantum nanostructures. The article discusses the size dependence of the band gaps in cadmiumselenide quantum wires and compares it to the corresponding size dependences in cadmiumselenide quantum dots and rods. It shows that the experimentally measured quantum wire band gaps are consistent with theoretical predictions, confirming that geometric dimensionality influences quantum confinement as expected. Our results quantify true 2-dimensional quantum confinement in the well-studied cadmiumselenide system.
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR nanocrystals
KW  - CALCIUM compounds
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - WIRE
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12230944; Heng Yu 1 Jingbo Li, John B. 2 Loomis, Richard A. 1 Gibbons, Patrick C. 3 Lin-Wang Wang 2; Email Address: Iwwang@Ibl.gov Buhro, William E. 1; Email Address: buhro@wuchem.wustl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.  2: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.  3: Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 125 Issue 52, p16168; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR nanocrystals; Subject Term: CALCIUM compounds; Subject Term: SELENIUM; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, Eicke R.
T1  - Understanding defects in semiconductors as key to advancing device technology
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The process of understanding defects in semiconductors that are relevant for device technologies is briefly reviewed. Examples of such defects in silicon, GaAs, GaN and related alloys are discussed. These examples include the study of native defects and self-diffusion in silicon, transition metals in silicon, transition metal gettering, hydrogen in silicon, DX-centers in compound semiconductors, EL2, the arsenic antisite defect in GaAs, and defects in GaN and related alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - Antisite defects/EL2
KW  - Deep levels
KW  - Defect identification
KW  - Device performance
KW  - DX centers
KW  - Hydrogenic levels
KW  - Si—Diffusion
KW  - Si—Gettering
KW  - Si—Native defects
KW  - Si—Transition metals
N1  - Accession Number: 11786350; Weber, Eicke R. 1,2; Email Address: weber@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, UC Berkeley, 374 Hearst Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p1; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antisite defects/EL2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep levels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Device performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: DX centers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenic levels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si—Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si—Gettering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si—Native defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si—Transition metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.10.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786350&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Beeman, J.W.
AU  - Mars, D.E.
AU  - Chamberlin, D.R
AU  - Scarpulla, M.A.
AU  - Dubon, O. D.
AU  - Ridgway, M.C.
AU  - Geisz, J.F.
T1  - Mutual passivation of group IV donors and isovalent nitrogen in diluted GaNxAs1−x alloys
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We demonstrate the mutual passivation of electrically active group IV donors and isovalent N atoms in the GaNxAs1−x alloy system. This phenomenon occurs through the formation of a donor-nitrogen bond in the nearest neighbor IVGa–NAs pairs. In Si-doped GaInN0.017As0.983 the electron concentration starts to decrease rapidly at an annealing temperature of 700°C from ∼3×1019 cm−3 in the as-grown state to less than 1016 cm−3 after an annealing at 900°C for 10 s. At the same time, annealing of this sample at 950°C increases the gap by about 35 meV, corresponding to a reduction of the concentration of the active N atoms by an amount very close to the total Si concentration. We also show that the formation of SiGa–NAs pairs is controlled by the diffusion of Si via Ga vacancies to the nearest NAs site. The general nature of this mutual passivation effect is confirmed by our study of Ge-doped GaNxAs1−x layers formed by N and Ge co-implantation in GaAs followed by pulsed laser melting. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - 71.20.Nr
KW  - Band anticrossing
KW  - Band gap reduction
KW  - Diluted nitride
KW  - Mutual passivation
N1  - Accession Number: 11786435; Yu, K.M. 1; Email Address: kmyu@lbl.gov Wu, J. 1 Walukiewicz, W. 1 Shan, W. 1 Beeman, J.W. 1 Mars, D.E. 2 Chamberlin, D.R 2 Scarpulla, M.A. 1,3 Dubon, O. D. 1,3 Ridgway, M.C. 4 Geisz, J.F. 5; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road MS2-200, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Agilent Laboratories, 3500 Deer Creek Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Australian National University, Canberra, Australia  5: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CL 80401, USA; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p389; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.20.Nr; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band anticrossing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band gap reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diluted nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutual passivation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786435&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reshchikov, M.A.
AU  - Jasinski, J.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Huang, D.
AU  - He, L.
AU  - Visconti, P.
AU  - Morkoç, H.
T1  - Photoluminescence from structural defects in GaN
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We studied optical manifestation of structural defects in unintentionally doped GaN. A series of sharp peaks (labeled as Yi with i=1,2,…,11) was observed in the low-temperature photoluminescence spectrum in the photon energy range between 2.6 and 3.46 eV. We attribute the majority of these peaks to excitons bound to yet unidentified structural defects. A preliminary transmission electron microscopy study in one of the samples exhibiting strong Yi lines revealed numerous inclusions, presumably inversion domains, which may be responsible for at least some of the Yi lines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - GaN
KW  - Photoluminescence
KW  - Structural defects
N1  - Accession Number: 11786446; Reshchikov, M.A. 1,2; Email Address: mreshchi@vcu.edu Jasinski, J. 3 Liliental-Weber, Z. 3 Huang, D. 1,4 He, L. 1 Visconti, P. 1,5 Morkoç, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA  2: Physics Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China  5: Instituto per lo Studio di Nuovi Materiali per l’Elettronica, CNR, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p440; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural defects; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.030
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786446&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pintilie, I.
AU  - Fretwurst, E.
AU  - Kramberger, G.
AU  - Lindstroem, G.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Stahl, J.
T1  - Second-order generation of point defects in highly irradiated float zone silicon—annealing studies
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 578
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Isothermal and isochronal annealing experiments have shown that the I defect (the main cause for the changes in silicon diodes characteristics after high levels of gamma-irradiation) is stable up to 325–350°C. Possible reactions, which can explain the behavior of different defects formed during the annealing experiments, are discussed. All the experimental results concerning the I center (second-order irradiation induced defect, formed most likely via VO center, suppressed in oxygen rich material, high thermal stability) make it the favorite for being associated with the V2O2 complex. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DIODES
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - 61.80.Ed
KW  - Annealing of point defects
KW  - Divacancy–oxygen complex
KW  - TSC
N1  - Accession Number: 11786481; Pintilie, I. 1,2; Email Address: ioana@alpha1.infim.ro Fretwurst, E. 2 Kramberger, G. 3 Lindstroem, G. 2 Li, Z. 4 Stahl, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Atomistilor 105 bis, Bucharest, Magurele 76900, Romania  2: Institute for Experimental Physics, Hamburg University, H.D-22761 Hamburg, Germany  3: Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p578; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DIODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.80.Ed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing of point defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divacancy–oxygen complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: TSC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.131
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786481&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scarpulla, M.A.
AU  - Daud, U.
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Monteiro, O.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Zakharov, D.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Dubon, O.D.
T1  - Diluted magnetic semiconductors formed by ion implantation and pulsed-laser melting
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 908
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Using ion implantation followed by pulsed-laser melting (PLM), we have synthesized ferromagnetic films of Ga1−xMnxAs. Ion-channeling experiments reveal that these films are single crystalline and have high Mn substitutionality while variable temperature resistivity measurements reveal the strong Mn-hole interactions characteristic of carrier-mediated ferromagnetism in homogeneous Diluted magnetic semiconductors. We have observed Curie temperatures (<f>TCs</f>) of approximately 80 K for films with substitutional Mn concentrations of <f>x=0.04</f>. The use of n-type counter doping as a means of increasing Mn substitutionality and <f>TC</f> is explored by co-implantation of Mn and Te into GaAs. In Ga1−xMnxP samples synthesized using our technique, the implanted layer regrows as an epitaxial single crystal capped by a highly defective surface layer. These samples display ferromagnetism with <f>TC&ap;23</f> K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - DILUTED magnetic semiconductors
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - THIN films
KW  - 75.50.Pp
KW  - 75.70.Ak
KW  - Diluted magnetic semiconductor
KW  - GaMnAs
KW  - GaMnP
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Laser processing
N1  - Accession Number: 11786562; Scarpulla, M.A. 1,2; Email Address: scarps@newton.berkeley.edu Daud, U. 1,2 Yu, K.M. 2 Monteiro, O. 2 Liliental-Weber, Z. 2 Zakharov, D. 2 Walukiewicz, W. 2 Dubon, O.D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p908; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: DILUTED magnetic semiconductors; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Pp; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.70.Ak; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diluted magnetic semiconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaMnAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaMnP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser processing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.113
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beckman, S.P.
AU  - Chrzan, D.C.
T1  - Structures of glide-set <f>90°</f> partial dislocation cores in diamond cubic semiconductors
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 990
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Two core reconstructions of the <f>90°</f> partial dislocations in diamond cubic semiconductors, the so-called single- and double-period structures, are often found to be nearly degenerate in energy. This near degeneracy suggests the possibility that both core reconstructions may be present simultaneously along the same dislocation core, with the domain sizes of the competing reconstructions dependent on temperature and the local stress state. To explore this dependence, a simple statistical mechanics-based model of the dislocation core reconstructions is developed and analyzed. Predictions for the temperature-dependent structure of the dislocation core are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - 61.72.Lk
KW  - Dislocation
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11786582; Beckman, S.P. 1,2 Chrzan, D.C. 1,2; Email Address: dcchrzan@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p990; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Lk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.192
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786582&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beckman, S.P.
AU  - Chrzan, D.C.
T1  - Dislocation cores and their electronic states: partial dislocations in GaAs
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 1001
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The electronic structures, as predicted by the local density approximation, of the glide set partial dislocations in GaAs are presented. The calculation reveal mid-gap states for both the 90° and 30° α-type partials, whereas the β-cores reveal states only slightly above the valance band energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - 61.72.Lk
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - DOS
KW  - GaAs
KW  - Reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 11786584; Beckman, S.P. 1,2 Chrzan, D.C. 1,2; Email Address: dcchrzan@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-1760, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley, USA; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p1001; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Lk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: DOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reconstruction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.189
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11786584&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Peng
AU  - Väinölä, Hele
AU  - Istratov, Andrei A.
AU  - Weber, Eicke R.
T1  - The thermal stability of iron precipitates in silicon after internal gettering
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 1051
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The re-dissolution behavior of iron gettered at oxide precipitates serving as internal gettering sites was studied in the temperature range from 750°C to 900°C using p-type Czochralski-grown silicon with a boron doping level of 2.5×1014 cm−3 and oxide precipitates density of 5×109 cm−3. The concentration of interstitial iron and iron-boron pairs was measured by deep-level transient spectroscopy. It was found that the re-dissolved iron concentration can be fitted by an exponential dependence, and the dissolution rate <f>τ−1</f> had an Arrhenius-type dependence on temperature. The activation energy of the dissolution time constant was found to be 1.47 eV. Considering the activation energy of 0.67 eV for iron diffusion in silicon, our result implies an effective binding energy of 0.80 eV between gettered iron impurities and oxide precipitates. The re-dissolved iron concentration during different heat treatments was simulated with our gettering simulator taking into account this effective binding energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON compounds
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - SILICON
KW  - 61.72.Yx
KW  - Internal gettering
KW  - Iron
KW  - Re-dissolution energy barrier
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 11786597; Zhang, Peng 1; Email Address: pzhang@lbl.gov Väinölä, Hele 1,2 Istratov, Andrei A. 1 Weber, Eicke R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62R0203, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  2: Helsinki University of Technology, Electron Physics Laboratory, P.O.BOX 3500, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p1051; Subject Term: IRON compounds; Subject Term: BINDING energy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Yx; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal gettering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Re-dissolution energy barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.205
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buonassisi, T.
AU  - Heuer, M.
AU  - Vyvenko, O.F.
AU  - Istratov, A.A.
AU  - Weber, E.R.
AU  - Cai, Z.
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Ciszek, T.F.
AU  - Schindler, R.
T1  - Applications of synchrotron radiation X-ray techniques on the analysis of the behavior of transition metals in solar cells and single-crystalline silicon with extended defects
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 1137
SN  - 09214526
AB  - A high flux, non-destructive X-ray synchrotron-based technique, X-ray fluorescence microscopy (μ-XRF), is able to detect metal precipitates as small as a few tens of nanometers in diameter within a silicon matrix, with micron-scale spatial resolution. When this technique is combined with the X-ray beam-induced current (XBIC) technique, one can acquire, in situ, complementary information about the elemental nature of transition metal precipitates and their recombination activity. Additionally, X-ray absorption microspectroscopy (μ-XAS) analyses yield information about the local environment of the impurity atoms and their chemical state. Model defect structures and photovoltaic-grade multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) were studied using these techniques, and the effect of transition metal clusters on the electrical properties of good and bad regions of mc-Si are discussed in detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Multicrystalline silicon
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Transition metals
KW  - X-ray fluorescence
N1  - Accession Number: 11786618; Buonassisi, T. 1; Email Address: buonassi@socrates.berkeley.edu Heuer, M. 1 Vyvenko, O.F. 2 Istratov, A.A. 1 Weber, E.R. 1 Cai, Z. 3 Lai, B. 3 Ciszek, T.F. 4 Schindler, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Russia  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, USA  5: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Freiburg, Germany; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p1137; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multicrystalline silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray fluorescence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.099
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chow, K.H.
AU  - Salman, Z.
AU  - Kiefl, R.F.
AU  - MacFarlane, W.A.
AU  - Levy, C.D.P.
AU  - Amaudruz, P.
AU  - Baartman, R.
AU  - Chakhalian, J.
AU  - Daviel, S.
AU  - Hirayama, Y.
AU  - Hatakeyama, A.
AU  - Arseneau, D.J.
AU  - Hitti, B.
AU  - Kreitzman, S.R.
AU  - Morris, G.D.
AU  - Poutissou, R.
AU  - Reynard, E.
T1  - The new <f>β</f>-NMR facility at TRIUMF and applications in semiconductors
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2003/12/31/
VL  - 340-342
M3  - Article
SP  - 1151
SN  - 09214526
AB  - A new facililty for conducting beta-detected nuclear magnetic resonance (<f>β</f>-NMR) investigations of condensed matter systems has recently been constucted at TriUniversity Meson Facility in Vancouver, Canada. The unique features of this new facility are described, and some preliminary results on <f>8Li+</f> in GaAs are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - <f>β</f>-NMR
KW  - Nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - Nuclear probes
KW  - Radioactive ion beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11786621; Chow, K.H. 1; Email Address: kimchow@phys.ualberta.ca Salman, Z. 2 Kiefl, R.F. 2,3 MacFarlane, W.A. 4 Levy, C.D.P. 2 Amaudruz, P. 2 Baartman, R. 2 Chakhalian, J. 2 Daviel, S. 2 Hirayama, Y. 5 Hatakeyama, A. 5 Arseneau, D.J. 2 Hitti, B. 2 Kreitzman, S.R. 2 Morris, G.D. 6 Poutissou, R. 2 Reynard, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta, Canada T6G 2J1  2: TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver BC, Canada V6T 2A3  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, University of BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1  4: Department of Chemistry, University of BC, Vancouver BC, Canada V6T 1Z1  5: Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory MST-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 12/31/2003, Vol. 340-342, p1151; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>β</f>-NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear probes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive ion beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.09.101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W.
AU  - Sauter, N. K.
AU  - Adams, P. D.
T1  - Numerically stable algorithims for the computation of reduced unit cells.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
SN  - 01087673
AB  - Presents a study on numerically stable algorithms for the computation of reduced unit cells.  Importance of computation of reduced unit cells for a number of crystallographic applications; Implementation of a Niggli-reduction algorithm of Krivý & Gruber; Presentation of minimum reduction algorithm, a second stable algorithm that does not require a tolerance.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL calculations
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ARITHMETIC -- Foundations
N1  - Accession Number: 12283361; Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W. 1; Email Address: rwgrosse-kunstleve@lbl.gov Sauter, N. K. 1 Adams, P. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cylotron Road, Bldg 4R0230, Berkeley, CA 94720-8235, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL calculations; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ARITHMETIC -- Foundations; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S010876730302186X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Wah-Keat
AU  - Cloetens, Peter
AU  - Schlenker, Michel
T1  - Dispersion correction of the copper K edge measured by Fresnel diffraction.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 58
EP  - 63
SN  - 01087673
AB  - Focuses on the measurement of dispersion corrections of copper K edge by Fresnel diffraction.  Analysis of the Fresnel diffraction method; Advantages of the technique; Two types of dispersion correction measurements.
KW  - FRESNEL integrals
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - COPPER -- Analysis
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 12283367; Lee, Wah-Keat 1; Email Address: wklee@aps.anl.gov Cloetens, Peter 2 Schlenker, Michel 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP-220, F-38043 Grenoble, France  3: Laboratoire Louis N&eacte;el du CNRS, F-38042 Grenoble, France; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p58; Subject Term: FRESNEL integrals; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: COPPER -- Analysis; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0108767303024504
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
AU  - Geiser, Urs
T1  - Potassium carbamoyldicyano-methanide.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section C (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section C (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - M10
EP  - M12
SN  - 01082701
AB  - Examines the structural and magnetic properties of coordination polymers containing cyano-based anions.  Effectivity of dicyanamide anion as magentic super-exchange ligand; Exhibition of ferromagnetism at 21 K; Inclusion of cyanocarbon anions as molecular building blocks for the construction of magnetic solids.
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 12315811; Schlueter, John A. 1; Email Address: jaschlueter@anl.gov Geiser, Urs 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 60 Issue 1, pM10; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0108270103026568
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12315811&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Xinmin
AU  - Langan, Paul
AU  - Bau, Robert
AU  - Tsyba, Irina
AU  - Jenney, Francis E.
AU  - Jr.
AU  - Adams, Michael W. W.
AU  - Schoenborn, Benno P.
T1  - W3Y single mutant of rubredoxin from Pyrococcus furiosus: a preliminary time-of-flight neutron study.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
EP  - 202
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Rubredoxin from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus maintains its native structure at high temperatures (373 K). In order to investigate the role of hydrogen bonding, hydration and chain dynamics in this thermostability, wavelength-resolved Laue neutron diffraction data have been collected from the W3Y single mutant (Trp3→Tyr3) on the spallation neutron protein crystallography station (PCS) at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Data were measured at room temperature from nine crystal settings, each of approximately 12 h duration. The total data-measurement period was less than 5 d from a single crystal that had undergone H[sub2]/D[sub2]O exchange. The nominal resolution of the data is 2.1 Å. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIAL genetics
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - HEAT -- Physiological effect
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12025590; Li, Xinmin 1 Langan, Paul 1; Email Address: langan_paul@lanl.gov Bau, Robert 2 Tsyba, Irina 2 Jenney, Francis E. Jr. 3 Adams, Michael W. W. 3 Schoenborn, Benno P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  2: Chemistry Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.  3: Department of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p200; Subject Term: BACTERIAL genetics; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: HEAT -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444903024041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batista, C.D.
AU  - Ortiz, G.
T1  - Algebraic approach to interacting quantum systems.
JO  - Advances in Physics
JF  - Advances in Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 82
SN  - 00018732
AB  - We present an algebraic framework for interacting extended quantum systems to study complex phenomena characterized by the coexistence and competition of different states of matter. We start by showing how to connect different (spin-particle-gauge) languages by means of exact mappings (isomorphisms) that we name dictionaries and prove a fundamental theorem establishing when two arbitrary languages can be connected. These mappings serve to unravel symmetries which are hidden in one representation but become manifest in another. In addition, we establish a formal link between seemingly unrelated physical phenomena by changing the language of our model description. This link leads to the idea of universality or equivalence. Moreover, we introduce the novel concept of emergent symmetry as another symmetry guiding principle. By introducing the notion of hierarchical languages , we determine the quantum phase diagram of lattice models (previously unsolved) and unveil hidden order parameters to explore new states of matter. Hierarchical languages also constitute an essential tool to provide a unified description of phases which compete and coexist. Overall, our framework provides a simple and systematic methodology to predict and discover new kinds of orders. Another aspect exploited by the present formalism is the relation between condensed matter and lattice gauge theories through quantum link models. We conclude by discussing applications of these dictionaries to the area of quantum information and computation with emphasis in building new models of computation and quantum programming languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - MATTER
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12298242; Batista, C.D. 1 Ortiz, G. 1; Email Address: ORTIZ@viking.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 82p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, Qinjun
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
AU  - Chen, Shiyi
T1  - Immiscible displacement in a channel: simulations of fingering in two dimensions
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 03091708
AB  - In this paper, we use a lattice Boltzmann (LB) multiphase/multicomponent model to study the flow of two immiscible fluids with different viscosities. The approach is first validated for a two-dimensional layered flow. The velocity profiles and the relative permeability coefficients are compared with the analytic results. We then apply this method to studying fingering in a two-dimensional channel where one fluid is displaced by another. The effects of viscosity ratio, capillary number, and wettability are investigated. The simulation results show that with the increase of the viscosity ratio or capillary number, both the finger width and the slip distance of the contact lines decrease, while the finger length increases. With the decrease of the wettability of the displacing fluid, the finger length and its change rate with time increase while the slip distance of the contact lines and its change rate with time decrease, and the minimum capillary number to form a stable finger decreases. Hence the finger growth is enhanced when the displacing fluid is nonwetting to the wall and otherwise suppressed. An indented part near the beginning of the fingers is clearly observed when a wetting fluid is displacing a nonwetting one. The finger width, however remains nearly unchanged when the wettability of the fluids changes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - MAXWELL-Boltzmann distribution law
KW  - FLUID dynamic measurements
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - WETTING
KW  - Capillary number
KW  - Contact angle
KW  - Fingering
KW  - Lattice Boltzmann method
KW  - Viscosity ratio
KW  - Wettability
N1  - Accession Number: 11536241; Kang, Qinjun 1,2; Email Address: qkang@lan1.gov Zhang, Dongxiao 1 Chen, Shiyi 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  3: Center for Computational Science and Engineering and Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System, Peking University, Beijing, China; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: MAXWELL-Boltzmann distribution law; Subject Term: FLUID dynamic measurements; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: WETTING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fingering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice Boltzmann method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscosity ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wettability; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2003.10.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stapp, Henry P.
T1  - A Bell-type theorem without hidden variables.
JO  - American Journal of Physics
JF  - American Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 33
SN  - 00029505
AB  - It is shown that no theory that satisfies certain premises can exclude faster-than-light influences. The premises include neither the existence of hidden variables nor counterfactual definiteness, nor any premise that effectively entails the general existence of outcomes of unperformed local measurements. All the premises are compatible with Copenhagen philosophy and the principles and predictions of relativistic quantum field theory. The present proof is contrasted with an earlier one with the same objective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Physics is the property of American Association of Physics Teachers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BELL'S theorem
KW  - VARIABLES (Mathematics)
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - SPACE & time
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12109613; Stapp, Henry P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: BELL'S theorem; Subject Term: VARIABLES (Mathematics); Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: SPACE & time; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beyer, W.A.
AU  - Zardecki, Andrew
T1  - The Early History of the Ham Sandwich Theorem.
JO  - American Mathematical Monthly
JF  - American Mathematical Monthly
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 111
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 58
EP  - 61
SN  - 00029890
AB  - Clarifies Ham sandwich theorem's early history.  Topology; Antipodal points; Distance between extreme locations; Meteorological theorem; Algebraic consequence.
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - GEOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12386985; Beyer, W.A. 1; Email Address: beyer@lanl.gov Zardecki, Andrew; Email Address: azz@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 111 Issue 1, p58; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, A. Townsend
AU  - Scachetti-Pereira, R.
AU  - Hargrove, W. W.
T1  - Potential Geographic Distribution of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in North America.
JO  - American Midland Naturalist
JF  - American Midland Naturalist
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 151
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
EP  - 178
PB  - University of Notre Dame / American Midland Naturalist
SN  - 00030031
AB  - The potential for ecological and economic damage caused by invasive species is only beginning to be appreciated. A recently arrived, and particularly worrisome, invader in North America is the Asian longhorned beetle Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), the larvae of which damage trees and forests. The geographic extent and likely path of its possible invasion of North American forests, however, are unknown. Herein, we develop and test ecological niche models for the species based on features of climate from the species' native distribution in eastern Asia, and then project them onto North America to identify areas of potential distribution. These models suggest that the species has the potential to invade much of eastern North America, but only limited areas in western North America, and that a focus of initiation of invasions is likely to lie in the area south of the Great Lakes. This result is particularly clear under modeled scenarios of spread and contagion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Midland Naturalist is the property of University of Notre Dame / American Midland Naturalist and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Animal introduction
KW  - Cerambycidae
KW  - Zoogeography
KW  - Ecology
KW  - North America
N1  - Accession Number: 12087910; Peterson, A. Townsend 1; Scachetti-Pereira, R. 2; Hargrove, W. W. 3; Affiliations: 1: Associate Professor and Curator, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045; 2: Computer Scientist, Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental (CRIA), Av. Romeu Tórtima, 388, Barão Geraldo 13084-520, Campinas, SP, Brazil; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, M.S. 6274, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6274; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 151 Issue 1, p170; Thesaurus Term: Animal introduction; Thesaurus Term: Cerambycidae; Thesaurus Term: Zoogeography; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject: North America; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Graph, 4 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Westrenen, Wim
AU  - Frank, Mark R.
AU  - Hanchar, John M.
AU  - Yingwei Fei
AU  - Finch, Robert J.
AU  - Chang-Sheng Zha
T1  - In situ determination of the compressibility of synthetic pure zircon (ZrSiO[sub4]) and the onset of the zircon-reidite phase transition.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 89
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 203
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - We have determined the room-temperature compressibility of pure, synthetic zircon (ZrSiO[sub4]). Unit-cell volumes of a powdered sample were determined in situ as a function of pressure up to 27 GPa in a diamond anvil cell (DAC), by using angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Unit-cell volumes were fitted to a Birch-Murnaghan equation of state, resulting in a room-temperature bulk modulus for the zircon structure, K[subTO] = 199 ± 1 GPa, and ambient pressure unit-cell volume V[sub0] = 260.89 ± 0.03 ų, when (∂K[subT0]/∂P)[subT] = K'[subT0] is fixed at 4. This bulk modulus is over 12% lower than that suggested by earlier measurements using impure, natural zircon sample. In addition, we observed the start of the transformation of zircon to reidite (scheelite-structured ZrSiO[sub4]) at a pressure of 19.7 GPa, over 3 GPa lower than previously determined for natural (impure) zircon. Together with compressibility measurements of a trace-element-doped zircon, these observations suggest that impurities affect the phase transition kinetics and compressibility of zircon, and by analogy, perhaps of other silicate minerals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCON
KW  - GEMS & precious stones
KW  - SILICATE minerals
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - SILICATES
N1  - Accession Number: 12713752; Van Westrenen, Wim 1; Email Address: willem.vanwestrenen@erdw.ethz.ch Frank, Mark R. 2,3 Hanchar, John M. 4 Yingwei Fei 2 Finch, Robert J. 5 Chang-Sheng Zha 6; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Mineralogie und Petrographie, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, ETH-Zentrum NO E 51, CH-8092, Switzerland  2: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, D.C. 20015, U.S.A.  3: Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, Northern Illionois University, Davis Hall 312, Normal Road, DeKalb, IL 60115, U.S.A.  4: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The George Washington University, 101A Bell Hall, 2029 G Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20006, U.S.A.  5: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, CMT/205, Argonne, Illinois 60439, U.S.A.  6: Cornell High Energy Synchroton Source, Wilson Lab, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 89 Issue 1, p197; Subject Term: ZIRCON; Subject Term: GEMS & precious stones; Subject Term: SILICATE minerals; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: SILICATES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yufeng Shen
AU  - Tolić, Nikola
AU  - Masselon, Christophe
AU  - Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana
AU  - Camp II, David G.
AU  - Hixson, Kim K.
AU  - Rui Zhao
AU  - Anderson, Gordon A.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Ultrasensitive Proteomics Using High-Efficiency On-Line Micro-SPE-NanoLC-NanoESI MS and MS/MS.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
EP  - 154
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Ultrasensitive nanoscale proteomics approaches for characterizing proteins from complex proteomic samples of <50 ng of total mass are described. Protein identifications from 0.5 pg of whole proteome extracts were enabled by ultrahigh sensitivity (<75 zmol for individual proteins) achieved using high-efficiency (peak capacities of ∼10[SUP3]) 15-μm-i.d. capillary liquid chromatography separations (i.e., using nanoLC, ∼20 nL/min mobile-phase flow rate at the optimal linear velocity of `∼0.2 cm/s) coupled on-line with a micro-solid-phase sample extraction and a nanoscale electrospray ionization interface to a 11.4-T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer (MS). Proteome measurement coverage improved as sample size was increased from as lithe as 0.5 pg of sample. It was found that a 2.5-ng sample provided 14% coverage of all annotated open reading frames for the microorganism Deinococcus radiodurans, consistent with previous results for a specific culture condition. The estimated detection dynamic range for detected proteins was 10[SUP5]- 10[SUP6]. An improved accurate mass and LC elution time two-dimensional data analysis methodology, used to both speed and increase the confidence of peptide/protein identifications, enabled identification of 872 proteins/run from a single 3-h nanoLC/ FTICR MS analysis. The low-zeptomole-level sensitivity provides a basis for extending proteomics studies to smaller cell populations and potentially to a single mammalian cell. Application with ion trap MS/MS instrumentation allowed protein identification from 50 pg (total mass) of proteomic samples (i.e., ∼100 times larger than FTICR MS), corresponding to a sensitivity of ∼7 amol for individual proteins. Compared with single-stage FTICR measurements, ion trap MS/MS provided a much lower proteome measurement coverage and dynamic range for a given analysis time and sample quantity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - CAPILLARY liquid chromatography
KW  - ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12198440; Yufeng Shen Tolić, Nikola 1 Masselon, Christophe 1 Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana 1 Camp II, David G. 1 Hixson, Kim K. 1 Rui Zhao 1 Anderson, Gordon A. 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: rds@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 1, p144; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: CAPILLARY liquid chromatography; Subject Term: ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Götmar, Gustaf
AU  - Zhou, Dongmei
AU  - Stanley, Brett J.
AU  - Guiocho, Georges
T1  - Heterogeneous Adsorption of 1 -Indanol on Cellulose Tribenzoate and Adsorption Energy Distribution of the Two Enantiomers.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 202
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The distributions of the adsorption energies (AED) of two enantiomers, (R)-1- indanol and (S)-1-indanol, on a chiral stationary phase were measured and the results are discussed. The chiral phase used is made of cellulose tribenzoate coated on porous silica. The AEDs were determined using the expectation maximization method, a numerical method that uses directly the raw experimental isotherm data, inverts this set of data into an AED, and introduces no arbitrary information in the calculation. However, it uses the Langmuir equation as the local isotherm. The experimental data fit very well to the bi-Langmuir isotherm model for the more retained enantiomer. Our results show that the AEDs of these two enantiomers have no energy modes that would be identical (same mean energy, mode profile, and mode area), in contrast to numerous cases previously studied, e.g., that of the β-blockers on a Ce17A column. This indicates a significantly different retention mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - ENANTIOMERS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - SILICA
KW  - BENZOATES
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12198447; Götmar, Gustaf 1 Zhou, Dongmei 1 Stanley, Brett J. 2 Guiocho, Georges 1; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996-1600 and Division of Chemical and Analytical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  2: Department of Chemistry, California State University, San Bernardino, California 92407-2397.; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 1, p197; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: ENANTIOMERS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: BENZOATES; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reidys, C. M.
T1  - Distance-2-Matchings of Random Graphs.
JO  - Annals of Combinatorics
JF  - Annals of Combinatorics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 101
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 02180006
AB  - Discusses a study which examined the maximal size of a distance-2-matching of random graphs.  Introduction and statement results; Illustration of the Lipschitz continuity spaces;  Results used in the computation of a lower bound.
KW  - RANDOM graphs
KW  - GRAPH theory
KW  - MARTINGALES (Mathematics)
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - LIPSCHITZ spaces
KW  - distance-2-matchings
KW  - martingale
KW  - random graph
N1  - Accession Number: 13517908; Reidys, C. M. 1; Email Address: reidys@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M997, CCS-5, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: RANDOM graphs; Subject Term: GRAPH theory; Subject Term: MARTINGALES (Mathematics); Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: LIPSCHITZ spaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: distance-2-matchings; Author-Supplied Keyword: martingale; Author-Supplied Keyword: random graph; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00026-004-0207-5
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elias, Dwayne A.
AU  - Suflita, Joseph M.
AU  - McInerney, Michael J.
AU  - Krumholz, Lee R.
T1  - Periplasmic Cytochrome c[sub 3] of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Is Directly Involved in H[sub 2]-Mediated Metal but Not Sulfate Reduction.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 70
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
EP  - 420
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Fe(III), and U(VI) reduction were investigated in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough. While sulfate reduction followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics (K[sub m] = 220 µM), loss of Fe(III) and U(VI) was first-order at all concentrations tested. Initial reduction rates of ali electron acceptors were similar for cells grown with H[sub 2] and sulfate, while cultures grown using lactate and sulfate had similar rates of metal loss but lower sulfate reduction activities. The similarities in metal, but not sulfate, reduction with H[sub 2] and lactate suggest divergent pathways. Respiration assays and reduced minus oxidized spectra were carried out to determine c-type cytochrome involvement in electron acceptor reduction, c-type cytochrome oxidation was immediate with Fe(III) and U(VI) in the presence of H[sub 2], lactate, or pyruvate. Sulfidogenesis occurred with all three electron donors and effectively oxidized the c-type cytochrome in lactateor pyruvate-reduced, but not H[sub 2]-reduced cells. Correspondingly, electron acceptor competition assays with lactate or pyruvate as electron donors showed that Fe(III) inhibited U(VI) reduction, and U(VI) inhibited sulfate loss. However, sulfate reduction was slowed but not halted when H[sub 2] was the electron donor in the presence of Fe(III) or U(VI). U(VI) loss was still impeded by Fe(III) when H[sub 2] was used. Hence, we propose a modified pathway for the reduction of sulfate, Fe(III), and U(VI) which helps explain why these bacteria cannot grow using these metals. We further propose that cytochrome c[sub 3] is an electron carrier involved in lactate and pyruvate oxidation and is the reductase for alternate electron acceptors with higher redox potentials than sulfate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DESULFOVIBRIO
KW  - CYTOCHROME c
KW  - SULFATES
KW  - IRON
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12274789; Elias, Dwayne A. 1,2 Suflita, Joseph M. 1 McInerney, Michael J. 1 Krumholz, Lee R. 1; Email Address: krumholz@ou.edu; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Energy and the Environment and the Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma  2: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1, p413; Subject Term: DESULFOVIBRIO; Subject Term: CYTOCHROME c; Subject Term: SULFATES; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.1.413-420.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer, A.F.
AU  - Lipson, D.A.
AU  - Martin, A.P.
AU  - Schadt, C.W.
AU  - Schmidt, S.K.
T1  - Molecular and Metabolic Characterization of Cold-Tolerant Alpine Soil Pseudomonas Sensu Stricto.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 70
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
EP  - 489
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Alpine soils undergo dramatic temporal changes in their microclimatic properties, suggesting that the bacteria there encounter uncommon shifting selection gradients. Pseudomonads constitute important members of the alpine soil community. In order to characterize the alpine Pseudomonas community and to assess the impact of shifting selection on this community, we examined the ability of cold-tolerant Pseudomonas isolates to grow on a variety of carbon sources, and we determined their phylogenetic relationships based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. We found a high prevalence of Pseudomonas in our soil samples, and isolates from these soils exhibited extensive metabolic diversity. In addition, our data revealed that many of our isolates form a unique cold-adapted clade, representatives of which are also found in the Swedish tundra and Antarctica. Our data also show a lack of concordance between the metabolic properties and 16S phylogeny, indicating that the metabolic diversity of these organisms cannot be predicted by phylogeny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - SOILS
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - RIBOSOMES
KW  - METABOLISM
N1  - Accession Number: 12274797; Meyer, A.F. 1 Lipson, D.A. 2 Martin, A.P. 1 Schadt, C.W. 3 Schmidt, S.K. 1; Email Address: schmidts@spot.colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado  2: Department of Biology, San Diego State University  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1, p483; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: RIBOSOMES; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.1.483-489.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazumder, P.
AU  - Trivedi, R.
T1  - Integrated simulation of thermo-solutal convection and pattern formation in directional solidification
JO  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
JF  - Applied Mathematical Modelling
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 0307904X
AB  - Numerical analysis is carried out to examine the effects of thermo-solutal convection on the formation of complex patterns in directionally solidified binary alloys. A finite-difference analysis is used for dynamic modeling of a two-dimensional prototype of the vertical Bridgman system that takes into account heat transfer in the melt, crystal, and the ampoule, as well as the melt flow and solute transport. Actual temperature data from experimental measurements are used for accurately describing the thermal boundary conditions. A range of complex dynamical behavior is predicted in the melt flow due to flow transitions and this is found to be directly related to the spatial patterns observed experimentally in the solidified alloys. The model is applied to single phase solidification in the Al–Cu and Pb–Sn systems to characterize the effect of convection on the macroscopic shape of the interface. The application of the model to hyper-peritectic alloys in the Sn–Cd system shows that the presence of oscillating flow can give rise to a novel convection induced microstructure in which a tree-like primary phase in the center of the sample is embedded in the surrounding peritectic matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematical Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - BINARY metallic systems
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11252873; Mazumder, P. 1,2; Email Address: mazumderp@corning.com Trivedi, R. 1,3; Email Address: trivedi@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Sciences Division, Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy (US-DOE), Iowa State University, 100 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Corning Incorporated, Sullivan Park, NY 14830, USA  3: Department of Material Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 100 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: BINARY metallic systems; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0307-904X(03)00117-3
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torcellini, Paul A.
AU  - Long, Nicholas
AU  - Judkoff, Ronald D.
T1  - Consumptive Water Use for U.S. Power Production.
JO  - ASHRAE Transactions
JF  - ASHRAE Transactions
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 96
EP  - 100
PB  - ASHRAE
SN  - 00012505
AB  - Evaporative cooling systems have been criticized for their water use and acclaimed for their low energy consumption, especially when compared to typical cooling systems. In order to determine the overall effectiveness of cooling systems, both water and energy need to be considered; however data are needed to compare the amount of energy used at the site to the amount of water used at the power plant. A study of power plants and their water consumption was completed to effectively analyze evaporative cooling systems. In thermoelectric plants, 0.47 gallons (1.8 L) of fresh water is evaporated per kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity consumed at the point of end-use. Hydroelectric plants evaporate an average of 18 gallons (68 L) of fresh water per kWh used by the consumer The national weighted average is 2.0 gallons (7.6 L) of evaporated water per kWh of electricity consumed at the end-use. From this information, different types of building cooling systems can be compared for relative water consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ASHRAE Transactions is the property of ASHRAE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVAPORATIVE cooling
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - WATER consumption
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13618466; Torcellini, Paul A. 1 Long, Nicholas 2 Judkoff, Ronald D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Senior engineer, Center for Buildings and Thermal Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colo.  2: Staff engineer, Center for Buildings and Thermal Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colo.  3: Director, Center for Buildings and Thermal Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colo.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 110 Issue 1, p96; Subject Term: EVAPORATIVE cooling; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production; Subject Term: WATER consumption; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rhodes, Jason
AU  - Refregier, Alexandre
AU  - Massey, Richard
AU  - Albert, Justin
AU  - Bacon, David
AU  - Bernstein, Gary
AU  - Ellis, Richard
AU  - Jain, Bhuvnesh
AU  - Kim, Alex
AU  - Lampton, Mike
AU  - McKay, Tim
AU  - Akerlof, C.
AU  - Aldering, G.
AU  - Amanullah, R.
AU  - Astier, P.
AU  - Baltay, C.
AU  - Barrelet, E.
AU  - Bebek, C.
AU  - Bergström, L.
AU  - Bercovitz, J.
T1  - Weak lensing from space I: instrumentation and survey strategy
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
SN  - 09276505
AB  - A wide-field space-based imaging telescope is necessary to fully exploit the technique of observing dark matter via weak gravitational lensing. This first paper in a three part series outlines the survey strategies and relevant instrumental parameters for such a mission. As a concrete example of hardware design, we consider the proposed Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP). Using SNAP engineering models, we quantify the major contributions to this telescope’s point spread function (PSF). These PSF contributions are relevant to any similar wide-field space telescope. We further show that the PSF of SNAP or a similar telescope will be smaller than current ground-based PSFs, and more isotropic and stable over time than the PSF of the Hubble Space Telescope. We outline survey strategies for two different regimes––a “wide” 300 square degree survey and a “deep” 15 square degree survey that will accomplish various weak lensing goals including statistical studies and dark matter mapping. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ENGINEERING models
KW  - Dark energy
KW  - Dark matter
KW  - Instrumentation
N1  - Accession Number: 11732561; Rhodes, Jason 1,2; Email Address: rhodes@astro.caltech.edu Refregier, Alexandre 1,3 Massey, Richard 4 Albert, Justin 1 Bacon, David 5 Bernstein, Gary 6 Ellis, Richard 1 Jain, Bhuvnesh 6 Kim, Alex 7 Lampton, Mike 8 McKay, Tim 9 Akerlof, C. 9 Aldering, G. 7 Amanullah, R. 10 Astier, P. 11 Baltay, C. 12 Barrelet, E. 11 Bebek, C. 7 Bergström, L. 10 Bercovitz, J. 7; Affiliation:  1: California Institute of Technology, 105-24 Caltech, 1201 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  2: Laboratory for Astronomy and Solar Physics, Code 681, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  3: Service d’Astrophysique, Bât. 709, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France  4: Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK  5: Institute for Astronomy, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK  6: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 S.33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  7: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  8: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  9: Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  10: University of Stockholm, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden  11: CNRS/IN2P3/LPNHE, 3, rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris cedex 16, France  12: Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p377; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ENGINEERING models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.10.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujii, Naoaki
AU  - Jacobsen, Richard B.
AU  - Wood, Nichole L.
AU  - Schoeniger, Joseph S.
AU  - Guy, R. Kiplin
T1  - A novel protein crosslinking reagent for the determination of moderate resolution protein structures by mass spectrometry (MS3-D)
JO  - Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
JF  - Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 0960894X
AB  - A new approach to the determination of moderate resolution protein structures, termed MS3-D—Mass Spectrometry in 3 Dimensions—has recently been disclosed. The method involves the formation of covalent crosslinks between reactive residues on the protein surface, the determination of the location of those crosslinks in primary sequence space by mass spectrometry, and then the imposition of a distance constraint upon the location of the respective side chains during distance geometry calculations of protein structure. MS3-D is rapid, requires small amounts of protein, and works in native biochemical conditions. Therefore, it offers the potential for determination of the structures of all proteins expressed by an organism in a high throughput manner. However, the methodology is completely dependent upon the production of chemical crosslinks and technical limitations of available crosslinkers have proven problematic in generalization and automation of the method for the determination of the structures of complete proteomes. Presented herein is the design, synthesis, and proofing of a novel modular protein crosslinking reagent designed to enhance hydrophilicity, provide an increased effective signal to noise ratio for MS3-D, and allow the sampling of a wider variety of side chains during the process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - PROTEIN crosslinking
KW  - PROTEIN synthesis
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Protein crosslinking affinity reagent MS3D.
N1  - Accession Number: 11730280; Fujii, Naoaki 1 Jacobsen, Richard B. 2 Wood, Nichole L. 2 Schoeniger, Joseph S. 2 Guy, R. Kiplin 1; Email Address: rguy@cgl.ucsf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA  2: Biosystems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p427; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: PROTEIN crosslinking; Subject Term: PROTEIN synthesis; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein crosslinking affinity reagent MS3D.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.10.043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clement, T. Prabhakar
AU  - Gautam, Tirtha R.
AU  - Kang Kun Lee
AU  - Truex, Michael J.
AU  - Davis, Greg B.
T1  - Modeling of DNAPL-Dissolution, Rate-Limited Sorption and Biodegradation Reactions in Groundwater Systems.
JO  - Bioremediation Journal
JF  - Bioremediation Journal
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan-Jun2004
VL  - 8
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 64
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10889868
AB  - This article presents an approach for modeling the dissolution process of single component dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL), such as tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene, in a biologically reactive porous medium. In the proposed approach, the overall transport processes are conceptualized as three distinct reactions. Firstly, the dissolution (or dissolving) process of a residual DNAPL source zone is conceptualized as a mass-transfer limited reaction. Secondly, the contaminants dissolved from the DNAPL source are allowed to partition between sediment and water phases through a rate-limited sorption reaction. Finally, the contaminants in the solid and liquid phases are allowed to degrade by a set of kinetic-limited biological reactions. Although all of these three reaction processes have been researched in the past, little progress has been made towards understanding the combined effects of these processes. This work provides a rigorous mathematical model for describing the coupled effects of these three fundamental reactive transport mechanisms. The model equations are then solved using the general-purpose reactive transport code RT3D (Clement, 1997). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bioremediation Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSE nonaqueous phase liquids
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - biodegradation
KW  - chlorinated solvent
KW  - NAPL dissolution
KW  - rate limited sorption
KW  - solute transport
N1  - Accession Number: 13821805; Clement, T. Prabhakar 1; Email Address: clement@eng.auburn.edu Gautam, Tirtha R. 2 Kang Kun Lee 3 Truex, Michael J. 4 Davis, Greg B. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA  2: Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA; Center for Water Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia  3: School of Earth and Environmental Science, Seoul National University, Korea  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA  5: CSIRO Land and Water, Perth, Australia; Source Info: Jan-Jun2004, Vol. 8 Issue 1/2, p47; Subject Term: DENSE nonaqueous phase liquids; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: BIODEGRADATION; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorinated solvent; Author-Supplied Keyword: NAPL dissolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: rate limited sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute transport; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10889860490453177
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weier, Heinz-Ulli G.
AU  - Chu, Lisa W.
AU  - Murnane, John P.
AU  - Weier, Jingly F.
T1  - Applications and technical challenges of fluorescence in situ hybridization in stem cell research
JO  - Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases
JF  - Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
SN  - 10799796
AB  - Stem cell research, maintenance, and manipulations have advanced significantly in recent years, and we now witness successful clinical applications of stem therapies. However, challenges in regard to karyotypic stability and the ploidy status of stem cell lines have been addressed only marginally. Our approach to develop technology to address these highly relevant issues is based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using nonisotopically labeled DNA probes. As a single cell analysis technique, FISH is expected to be applicable to a variety of cells and tissues including interphase and metaphase cell preparations as well as tissue sections and biopsy material. Over the last decade, our laboratories generated a large number of probes and probe sets for the molecular cytogenetic analyses of stem cells derived from different species. These probes and the introduction of spectral imaging bring us close to be able to perform a comprehensive karyotype analysis of single interphase cell nuclei. It should furthermore be possible to couple cytogenetic investigations of the cellular genotype with analysis of gene expression. This report summarizes our technical achievements relevant to stem cell research and outlines plans for future research and developments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEM cells
KW  - CELL lines
KW  - KARYOTYPES
KW  - IN situ hybridization
KW  - Chromosome enumeration
KW  - Cytogenetics
KW  - DNA probes
KW  - Fluorescence in situ hybridization
KW  - Spectral imaging
KW  - Spectral karyotyping
KW  - Stem cells
N1  - Accession Number: 12035886; Weier, Heinz-Ulli G. 1; Email Address: ugweier@lbl.gov Chu, Lisa W. 1 Murnane, John P. 2 Weier, Jingly F. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division 74-157, University of California, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, University of California, MCB 200, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA  3: Reproductive Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p68; Subject Term: STEM cells; Subject Term: CELL lines; Subject Term: KARYOTYPES; Subject Term: IN situ hybridization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosome enumeration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytogenetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA probes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral karyotyping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stem cells; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bcmd.2003.09.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pollard, Daniel A.
AU  - Bergman, Casey M.
AU  - Stoye, Jens
AU  - Celniker, Susan E.
AU  - Eisen, Michael B.
T1  - Benchmarking tools for the alignment of functional noncoding DNA.
JO  - BMC Bioinformatics
JF  - BMC Bioinformatics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 17
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712105
AB  - Background: Numerous tools have been developed to align genomic sequences. However, their relative performance in specific applications remains poorly characterized. Alignments of protein-coding sequences typically have been benchmarked against "correct" alignments inferred from structural data. For noncoding sequences, where such independent validation is lacking, simulation provides an effective means to generate "correct" alignments with which to benchmark alignment tools. Results: Using rates of noncoding sequence evolution estimated from the genus Drosophila, we simulated alignments over a range of divergence times under varying models incorporating point substitution, insertion/deletion events, and short blocks of constrained sequences such as those found in cis-regulatory regions. We then compared "correct" alignments generated by a modified version of the ROSE simulation platform to alignments of the simulated derived sequences produced by eight pairwise alignment tools (Avid, BlastZ, Chaos, ClustalW, DiAlign, Lagan, Needle, and WABA) to determine the off-the-shelf performance of each tool. As expected, the ability to align noncoding sequences accurately decreases with increasing divergence for all tools, and declines faster in the presence of insertion/deletion evolution. Global alignment tools (Avid, ClustalW, Lagan, and Needle) typically have higher sensitivity over entire noncoding sequences as well as in constrained sequences. Local tools (BlastZ, Chaos, and WABA) have lower overall sensitivity as a consequence of incomplete coverage, but have high specificity to detect constrained sequences as well as high sensitivity within the subset of sequences they align. Tools such as DiAlign, which generate both local and global outputs, produce alignments of constrained sequences with both high sensitivity and specificity for divergence distances in the range of 1.25-3.0 substitutions per site. Conclusion: For species with genomic properties similar to Drosophila, we conclude that a single pair of optimally diverged species analyzed with a high performance alignment tool can yield accurate and specific alignments of functionally constrained noncoding sequences. Further algorithm development, optimization of alignment parameters, and benchmarking studies will be necessary to extract the maximal biological information from alignments of functional noncoding DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Bioinformatics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - DNA
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DIVERGENCE (Biology)
KW  - DROSOPHILA
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 28833928; Pollard, Daniel A. 1; Email Address: dpollard@socrates.berkeley.edu Bergman, Casey M. 2,3,4; Email Address: cbergman@gen.cam.ac.uk Stoye, Jens 5; Email Address: stoye@techfak.unibielefeld.de Celniker, Susan E. 2,3; Email Address: celniker@fruitfly.org Eisen, Michael B. 2,6; Email Address: mbeisen@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Genome Science, Life Science Division, Lawrence Orlando Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK CB2 3EH  5: Technische Fakultät, Universität Bielefeld, 33594 Bielefeld, Germany  6: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 5, p6; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DIVERGENCE (Biology); Subject Term: DROSOPHILA; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Bing
AU  - Schmoyer, Denise
AU  - Kirov, Stefan
AU  - Snoddy, Jay
T1  - GOTree Machine (GOTM): a web-based platform for interpreting sets of interesting genes using Gene Ontology hierarchies.
JO  - BMC Bioinformatics
JF  - BMC Bioinformatics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 8
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712105
AB  - Background: Microarray and other high-throughput technologies are producing large sets of interesting genes that are difficult to analyze directly. Bioinformatics tools are needed to interpret the functional information in the gene sets. Results: We have created a web-based tool for data analysis and data visualization for sets of genes called GOTree Machine (GOTM). This tool was originally intended to analyze sets of co-regulated genes identified from microarray analysis but is adaptable for use with other gene sets from other high-throughput analyses. GOTree Machine generates a GOTree, a tree-like structure to navigate the Gene Ontology Directed Acyclic Graph for input gene sets. This system provides user friendly data navigation and visualization. Statistical analysis helps users to identify the most important Gene Ontology categories for the input gene sets and suggests biological areas that warrant further study. GOTree Machine is available online at http://genereg.ornl.gov/gotm/. Conclusion: GOTree Machine has a broad application in functional genomic, proteomic and other high-throughput methods that generate large sets of interesting genes; its primary purpose is to help users sort for interesting patterns in gene sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Bioinformatics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - DATA modeling
KW  - GENES
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - DNA microarrays
N1  - Accession Number: 28833938; Zhang, Bing 1; Email Address: zhangb@ornl.gov Schmoyer, Denise 2; Email Address: schmoyerdd@ornl.gov Kirov, Stefan 1; Email Address: kirovsa@ornl.gov Snoddy, Jay 1,2; Email Address: snoddyj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School in Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 5, p16; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Subject Term: DATA modeling; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matveeva, Olga V.
AU  - Foley, Brian T.
AU  - Nemtsov, Vladimir A.
AU  - Gesteland, Raymond F.
AU  - Matsufuji, Senya
AU  - Atkins, John F.
AU  - Ogurtsov, Aleksey Y.
AU  - Shabalina, Svetlana A.
T1  - Identification of regions in multiple sequence alignments thermodynamically suitable for targeting by consensus oligonucleotides: application to HIV genome.
JO  - BMC Bioinformatics
JF  - BMC Bioinformatics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
EP  - 7
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712105
AB  - Background: Computer programs for the generation of multiple sequence alignments such as "Clustal W" allow detection of regions that are most conserved among many sequence variants. However, even for regions that are equally conserved, their potential utility as hybridization targets varies. Mismatches in sequence variants are more disruptive in some duplexes than in others. Additionally, the propensity for self-interactions amongst oligonucleotides targeting conserved regions differs and the structure of target regions themselves can also influence hybridization efficiency. There is a need to develop software that will employ thermodynamic selection criteria for finding optimal hybridization targets in related sequences. Results: A new scheme and new software for optimal detection of oligonucleotide hybridization targets common to families of aligned sequences is suggested and applied to aligned sequence variants of the complete HIV-1 genome. The scheme employs sequential filtering procedures with experimentally determined thermodynamic cut off points: 1) creation of a consensus sequence of RNA or DNA from aligned sequence variants with specification of the lengths of fragments to be used as oligonucleotide targets in the analyses; 2) selection of DNA oligonucleotides that have pairing potential, greater than a defined threshold, with all variants of aligned RNA sequences; 3) elimination of DNA oligonucleotides that have self-pairing potentials for intra- and inter-molecular interactions greater than defined thresholds. This scheme has been applied to the HIV-1 genome with experimentally determined thermodynamic cut off points. Theoretically optimal RNA target regions for consensus oligonucleotides were found. They can be further used for improvement of oligo-probe based HIV detection techniques. Conclusions: A selection scheme with thermodynamic thresholds and software is presented in this study. The package can be used for any purpose where there is a need to design optimal consensus oligonucleotides capable of interacting efficiently with hybridization targets common to families of aligned RNA or DNA sequences. Our thermodynamic approach can be helpful in designing consensus oligonucleotides with consistently high affinity to target variants in evolutionary related genes or genomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Bioinformatics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
KW  - VIRAL genomes
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - NUCLEIC acid hybridization
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
N1  - Accession Number: 28833965; Matveeva, Olga V. 1; Email Address: olgam@howard.genetics.utah.edu Foley, Brian T. 2; Email Address: btf@atlas.lanl.gov Nemtsov, Vladimir A. 3; Email Address: vovanem@online.ru Gesteland, Raymond F. 1; Email Address: ray.gesteland@genetics.utah.edu Matsufuji, Senya 4; Email Address: senya@jikei.ac.jp Atkins, John F. 1,5; Email Address: john.atkins@genetics.utah.edu Ogurtsov, Aleksey Y. 6; Email Address: ogurtsov@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Shabalina, Svetlana A. 6; Email Address: shabalin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112-5330, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: MGGT, Ul. Lavochkina 23(A), 125502, Moscow, Russia  4: Department of Biochemistry II The Jikei University School of Medicine 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan  5: Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Ireland  6: National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 5, p44; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: VIRAL genomes; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: NUCLEIC acid hybridization; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pollard, D. A.
AU  - Bergman, C. M.
AU  - Stoye, J.
AU  - Celniker, S. E.
AU  - Eisen, M. B.
T1  - Correction: Benchmarking tools for the alignment of functional noncoding DNA.
JO  - BMC Bioinformatics
JF  - BMC Bioinformatics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 5
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 73
EP  - 6
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712105
AB  - A correction to the article "Benchmarking Tools for the Alignment of Functional Noncoding DNA," by D. A. Pollard, C. M. Bergman, J. Stoye, S. E. Celniker and M. B. Eisen that was published in the 2004 issue of the periodical "BMC Bioinformatics" is presented.
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 28833994; Pollard, D. A. 1; Email Address: dpollard@socrates.berkeley.edu Bergman, C. M. 2; Email Address: cbergman@gen.cam.ac.uk Stoye, J. 3; Email Address: stoye@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de Celniker, S. E. 4,5; Email Address: celniker@fruitfly.org Eisen, M. B. 4,6; Email Address: mbeisen@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK  3: Technische Fakultät, Universität Bielefeld, 33594 Bielefeld, Germany  4: Department of Genome Science, Life Science Division, Lawrence Orlando Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 5, p73; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1186/1471-2105-5-73
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sokhansanj, Bahrad A.
AU  - Fitch, J. Patrick
AU  - Quong, Judy N.
AU  - Quong, Andrew A.
T1  - Linear fuzzy gene network models obtained from microarray data by exhaustive search.
JO  - BMC Bioinformatics
JF  - BMC Bioinformatics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
EP  - 12
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712105
AB  - Background: Recent technological advances in high-throughput data collection allow for experimental study of increasingly complex systems on the scale of the whole cellular genome and proteome. Gene network models are needed to interpret the resulting large and complex data sets. Rationally designed perturbations (e.g., gene knock-outs) can be used to iteratively refine hypothetical models, suggesting an approach for high-throughput biological system analysis. We introduce an approach to gene network modeling based on a scalable linear variant of fuzzy logic: a framework with greater resolution than Boolean logic models, but which, while still semi-quantitative, does not require the precise parameter measurement needed for chemical kinetics-based modeling. Results: We demonstrated our approach with exhaustive search for fuzzy gene interaction models that best fit transcription measurements by microarray of twelve selected genes regulating the yeast cell cycle. Applying an efficient, universally applicable data normalization and fuzzification scheme, the search converged to a small number of models that individually predict experimental data within an error tolerance. Because only gene transcription levels are used to develop the models, they include both direct and indirect regulation of genes. Conclusion: Biological relationships in the best-fitting fuzzy gene network models successfully recover direct and indirect interactions predicted from previous knowledge to result in transcriptional correlation. Fuzzy models fit on one yeast cell cycle data set robustly predict another experimental data set for the same system. Linear fuzzy gene networks and exhaustive rule search are the first steps towards a framework for an integrated modeling and experiment approach to high-throughput "reverse engineering" of complex biological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Bioinformatics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUZZY logic
KW  - GENES
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
KW  - GENETIC regulation
N1  - Accession Number: 28834029; Sokhansanj, Bahrad A. 1,2; Email Address: sokhansanj@gmail.com Fitch, J. Patrick 3; Email Address: jpfitch@llnl.gov Quong, Judy N. 1,4; Email Address: jnq@georgetown.edu Quong, Andrew A. 1,4; Email Address: aaq2@georgetown.edu; Affiliation:  1: Computational Systems Biology Group, Chemistry & Materials Science Directorate, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-235, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA, USA, 94551  2: School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA  3: Chemical & Biological National Security Program, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  4: Department of Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 5, p108; Subject Term: FUZZY logic; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL systems; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1186/1471-2105-5-108
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xie, Gary
AU  - Bonner, Carol A.
AU  - Jian Song
AU  - Keyhani, Nemat O.
AU  - Jensen, Roy A.
T1  - Inter-genomic displacement via lateral gene transfer of bacterial trp operons in an overall context of vertical genealogy.
JO  - BMC Biology
JF  - BMC Biology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 30
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 17417007
AB  - Background: The growing conviction that lateral gene transfer plays a significant role in prokaryote genealogy opens up a need for comprehensive evaluations of gene-enzyme systems on a case-by-case basis. Genes of tryptophan biosynthesis are frequently organized as whole-pathway operons, an attribute that is expected to facilitate multi-gene transfer in a single step. We have asked whether events of lateral gene transfer are sufficient to have obscured our ability to track the vertical genealogy that underpins tryptophan biosynthesis. Results: In 47 complete-genome Bacteria, the genes encoding the seven catalytic domains that participate in primary tryptophan biosynthesis were distinguished from any paralogs or xenologs engaged in other specialized functions. A reliable list of orthologs with carefully ascertained functional roles has thus been assembled and should be valuable as an annotation resource. The protein domains associated with primary tryptophan biosynthesis were then concatenated, yielding single amino-acid sequence strings that represent the entire tryptophan pathway. Lateral gene transfer of several whole-pathway trp operons was demonstrated by use of phylogenetic analysis. Lateral gene transfer of partial-pathway trp operons was also shown, with newly recruited genes functioning either in primary biosynthesis (rarely) or specialized metabolism (more frequently). Conclusions: (i) Concatenated tryptophan protein trees are congruent with 16S rRNA subtrees provided that the genomes represented are of sufficiently close phylogenetic spacing. There are currently seven tryptophan congruency groups in the Bacteria. Recognition of a succession of others can be expected in the near future, but ultimately these should coalesce to a single grouping that parallels the 16S rRNA tree (except for cases of lateral gene transfer). (ii) The vertical trace of evolution for tryptophan biosynthesis can be deduced. The daunting complexities engendered by paralogy, xenology, and idiosyncrasies of nomenclature at this point in time have necessitated an expert-assisted manual effort to achieve a correct analysis. Once recognized and sorted out, paralogy and xenology can be viewed as features that enrich evolutionary histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Biology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - GENEALOGY
KW  - PROKARYOTES
KW  - TRYPTOPHAN
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
KW  - OPERONS
N1  - Accession Number: 28858231; Xie, Gary 1; Email Address: xie@lanl.gov Bonner, Carol A. 2; Email Address: cbonner@ufl.edu Jian Song 1; Email Address: jian@lanl.gov Keyhani, Nemat O. 2; Email Address: keyhani@ufl.edu Jensen, Roy A. 1,2; Email Address: rjensen@ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87544, USA  2: Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 2, p1; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Subject Term: GENEALOGY; Subject Term: PROKARYOTES; Subject Term: TRYPTOPHAN; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: OPERONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812990 All Other Personal Services; Number of Pages: 30p; Illustrations: 13 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1186/1741-7007-2-15
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maslov, Sergei
AU  - Sneppen, Kim
AU  - Eriksen, Kasper Astrup
AU  - Koon-Kiu Yan
T1  - Upstream plasticity and downstream robustness in evolution of molecular networks.
JO  - BMC Evolutionary Biology
JF  - BMC Evolutionary Biology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 12
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712148
AB  - Background: Gene duplication followed by the functional divergence of the resulting pair of paralogous proteins is a major force shaping molecular networks in living organisms. Recent species-wide data for protein-protein interactions and transcriptional regulations allow us to assess the effect of gene duplication on robustness and plasticity of these molecular networks. Results: We demonstrate that the transcriptional regulation of duplicated genes in baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae diverges fast so that on average they lose 3% of common transcription factors for every 1% divergence of their amino acid sequences. The set of protein-protein interaction partners of their protein products changes at a slower rate exhibiting a broad plateau for amino acid sequence similarity above 70%. The stability of functional roles of duplicated genes at such relatively low sequence similarity is further corroborated by their ability to substitute for each other in single gene knockout experiments in yeast and RNAi experiments in a nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. We also quantified the divergence rate of physical interaction neighborhoods of paralogous proteins in a bacterium Helicobacter pylori and a fly Drosophila melanogaster. However, in the absence of system-wide data on transcription factors' binding in these organisms we could not compare this rate to that of transcriptional regulation of duplicated genes. Conclusions: For all molecular networks studied in this work we found that even the most distantly related paralogous proteins with amino acid sequence identities around 20% on average have more similar positions within a network than a randomly selected pair of proteins. For yeast we also found that the upstream regulation of genes evolves more rapidly than downstream functions of their protein products. This is in accordance with a view which puts regulatory changes as one of the main driving forces of the evolution. In this context a very important open question is to what extent our results obtained for homologous genes within a single species (paralogs) carries over to homologous proteins in different species (orthologs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Evolutionary Biology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - PROTEIN-protein interactions
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - AMINO acid sequence
KW  - DIVERGENCE (Biology)
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 28808460; Maslov, Sergei 1; Email Address: maslov@bnl.gov Sneppen, Kim 2; Email Address: sneppen@nbi.dk Eriksen, Kasper Astrup 1,3; Email Address: kasper@thep.lu.se Koon-Kiu Yan 1,4; Email Address: kyan@grad.physics.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  2: Nordita, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark  3: Department of Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Sölvegatan 14A, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 4, p9; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: PROTEIN-protein interactions; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject Term: AMINO acid sequence; Subject Term: DIVERGENCE (Biology); Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiu-Feng Wan
AU  - Dong Xu
AU  - Kleinhofs, Andris
AU  - Jizhong Zhou
T1  - Quantitative relationship between synonymous codon usage bias and GC composition across unicellular genomes.
JO  - BMC Evolutionary Biology
JF  - BMC Evolutionary Biology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 11
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712148
AB  - Background: Codon usage bias has been widely reported to correlate with GC composition. However, the quantitative relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition across species has not been reported. Results: Based on an informatics method (SCUO) we developed previously using Shannon informational theory and maximum entropy theory, we investigated the quantitative relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition. The regression based on 70 bacterial and 16 archaeal genomes showed that in bacteria, SCUO = -2.06 * GC3 + 2.05*(GC3)2 + 0.65, r = 0.91, and that in archaea, SCUO = -1.79 * GC3 + 1.85*(GC3)² + 0.56, r = 0.89. We developed an analytical model to quantify synonymous codon usage bias by GC compositions based on SCUO. The parameters within this model were inferred by inspecting the relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition across 70 bacterial and 16 archaeal genomes. We further simplified this relationship using only GC3. This simple model was supported by computational simulation. Conclusions: The synonymous codon usage bias could be simply expressed as 1+ (p/2)log2(p/2) + ((1-p)/2)log2((l-p)/2), where p = GC3. The software we developed for measuring SCUO (codonO) is available at http://digbio.missouri.edu/~wanx/cu/codonO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Evolutionary Biology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - ENTROPY (Information theory)
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - COMPUTER software
N1  - Accession Number: 28808470; Xiu-Feng Wan 1,2; Email Address: wanx@missouri.edu Dong Xu 2; Email Address: xudong@missouri.edu Kleinhofs, Andris 3; Email Address: andyk@wsu.edu Jizhong Zhou 1; Email Address: zhouj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Digital Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA  3: Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 4, p19; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: INFORMATION theory; Subject Term: ENTROPY (Information theory); Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1186/1471-2148-4-19
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boore, Jeffrey L.
T1  - Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Urechis caupo, a representative of the phylum Echiura.
JO  - BMC Genomics
JF  - BMC Genomics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712164
AB  - Background: Mitochondria contain small genomes that are physically separate from those of nuclei. Their comparison serves as a model system for understanding the processes of genome evolution. Although hundreds of these genome sequences have been reported, the taxonomic sampling is highly biased toward vertebrates and arthropods, with many whole phyla remaining unstudied. This is the first description of a complete mitochondrial genome sequence of a representative of the phylum Echiura, that of the fat innkeeper worm, Urechis caupo. Results: This mtDNA is 15,113 nts in length and 62% A+T. It contains the 37 genes that are typical for animal mtDNAs in an arrangement somewhat similar to that of annelid worms. All genes are encoded by the same DNA strand which is rich in A and C relative to the opposite strand. Codons ending with the dinucleotide GG are more frequent than would be expected from apparent mutational biases. The largest non-coding region is only 282 nts long, is 71% A+T, and has potential for secondary structures. Conclusions: Urechis caupo mtDNA shares many features with those of the few studied annelids, including the common usage of ATG start codons, unusual among animal mtDNAs, as well as gene arrangements, tRNA structures, and codon usage biases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Genomics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MITOCHONDRIA
KW  - ECHIURA
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - WORMS
KW  - GENES
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 28859357; Boore, Jeffrey L. 1,2; Email Address: jlboore@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Evolutionary Genomics Department, DOE Joint Genome Institute and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA, USA  2: Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 5, p1; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIA; Subject Term: ECHIURA; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: WORMS; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: DNA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411110 Live animal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1186/1471-2164-5-67
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanjing Xiao
AU  - Hughes, Austin L.
AU  - Junko Ando
AU  - Matsuda, Yoichi
AU  - Jan-Fang Cheng
AU  - Skinner-Noble, Donald
AU  - Guolong Zhang
T1  - A genome-wide screen identifies a single β-defensin gene cluster in the chicken: implications for the origin and evolution of mammalian defensins.
JO  - BMC Genomics
JF  - BMC Genomics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
EP  - 11
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712164
AB  - Background: Defensins comprise a large family of cationic antimicrobial peptides that are characterized by the presence of a conserved cysteine-rich defensin motif. Based on the spacing pattern of cysteines, these defensins are broadly divided into five groups, namely plant, invertebrate, α-, β-, and θ-defensins, with the last three groups being mostly found in mammalian species. However, the evolutionary relationships among these five groups of defensins remain controversial. Results: Following a comprehensive screen, here we report that the chicken genome encodes a total of 13 different β-defensins but with no other groups of defensins being discovered. These chicken β-defensin genes, designated as Gallinacin 1-13, are clustered densely within a 86-Kb distance on the chromosome 3q3.5-q3.7. The deduced peptides vary from 63 to 104 amino acid residues in length sharing the characteristic defensin motif. Based on the tissue expression pattern, 13 β-defensin genes can be divided into two subgroups with Gallinacin 1-7 being predominantly expressed in bone marrow and the respiratory tract and the remaining genes being restricted to liver and the urogenital tract. Comparative analysis of the defensin clusters among chicken, mouse, and human suggested that vertebrate defensins have evolved from a single β-defensin-like gene, which has undergone rapid duplication, diversification, and translocation in various vertebrate lineages during evolution. Conclusions: We conclude that the chicken genome encodes only β-defensin sequences and that all mammalian defensins are evolved from a common β-defensin-like ancestor. The α-defensins arose from θ-defensins by gene duplication, which may have occurred after the divergence of mammals from other vertebrates, and θ-defensins have arisen from α-defensins specific to the primate lineage. Further analysis of these defensins in different vertebrate lineages will shed light on the mechanisms of host defense and evolution of innate immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Genomics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENES
KW  - BONE marrow
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - PEPTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 28859346; Yanjing Xiao 1; Email Address: yanjing@okstate.edu Hughes, Austin L. 2; Email Address: austin@biol.sc.edu Junko Ando 3; Email Address: jando@a-net.email.ne.jp Matsuda, Yoichi 3; Email Address: yoimatsu@ees.hokudai.ac.jp Jan-Fang Cheng 4; Email Address: jfcheng@lbl.gov Skinner-Noble, Donald 1; Email Address: ndonald@okstate.edu Guolong Zhang 1; Email Address: zguolon@okstate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA  2: Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  3: Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan  4: Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 5, p56; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: BONE marrow; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1186/1471-2164-5-56
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daines, Dayle A.
AU  - Jarisch, Justin
AU  - Smith, Arnold L.
T1  - Identification and characterization of a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae putative toxin-antitoxin locus.
JO  - BMC Microbiology
JF  - BMC Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14712180
AB  - Background: Certain strains of an obligate parasite of the human upper respiratory tract, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), can cause invasive diseases such as septicemia and meningitis, as well as chronic mucosal infections such as otitis media. To do this, the organism must invade and survive within both epithelial and endothelial cells. We have identified a facilitator of NTHi survival inside human cells, virulence-associated protein D (vapDHi, encoded by gene HI0450). Both vapDHi and a flanking gene, HI0451, exhibit the genetic and physical characteristics of a toxin/antitoxin (TA) locus, with VapDHi serving as the toxin moiety and HI0451 as the antitoxin. We propose the name VapXHi for the HI0451 antitoxin protein. Originally identified on plasmids, TA loci have been found on the chromosomes of a number of bacterial pathogens, and have been implicated in the control of translation during stressful conditions. Translation arrest would enhance survival within human cells and facilitate persistent or chronic mucosal infections. Results: Isogenic mutants in vapDHi were attenuated for survival inside human respiratory epithelial cells (NCI-H292) and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC), the in vitro models of mucosal infection and the blood-brain barrier, respectively. Transcomplementation with a vapDHi allele restored wild-type NTHi survival within both cell lines. A PCR survey of 59 H. influenzae strains isolated from various anatomical sites determined the presence of a vapDHiallele in 100% of strains. Two isoforms of the gene were identified in this population; one that was 91 residues in length, and another that was truncated to 45 amino acids due to an in-frame deletion. The truncated allele failed to transcomplement the NTHi vapDHi survival defect in HBMEC. Subunits of full-length VapDHi homodimerized, but subunits of the truncated protein did not. However, truncated protein subunits did interact with full-length subunits, and this interaction resulted in a dominant-negative phenotype. Although Escherichia coli does not contain a homologue of either vapDHi or vapXHi, overexpression of the VapDHi toxin in trans resulted in E. coli cell growth arrest. This arrest could be rescued by providing the VapXHi antitoxin on a compatible plasmid. Conclusion: We conclude that vapDHi and vapXHi may constitute a H. influenzae TA locus that functions to enhance NTHi survival within human epithelial and endothelial cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Microbiology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HAEMOPHILUS influenzae
KW  - ANTITOXINS
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - ENDOTHELIUM
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 29414500; Daines, Dayle A. 1; Email Address: daines2@llnl.gov Jarisch, Justin 2; Email Address: Justin.Jarisch@sbri.org Smith, Arnold L. 2; Email Address: Arnold.Smith@sbri.org; Affiliation:  1: Nonproliferation, Arms Control, and International Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-501, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore CA 94550-9698, USA  2: Bacterial Pathogenesis Program, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, 307 Westlake Avenue North, Suite 500, Seattle, WA 98109-5219, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 4, p1; Subject Term: HAEMOPHILUS influenzae; Subject Term: ANTITOXINS; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject Term: ENDOTHELIUM; Subject Term: PROTEINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1186/1471-2180-4-30
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teplyakov, Alexey
AU  - Pullalarevu, Sadhana
AU  - Obmolova, Galina
AU  - Doseeva, Victoria
AU  - Galkin, Andrey
AU  - Herzberg, Osnat
AU  - Dauter, Miroslawa
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
AU  - Gilliland, Gary L.
T1  - Crystal structure of the YffB protein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa suggests a glutathione-dependent thiol reductase function.
JO  - BMC Structural Biology
JF  - BMC Structural Biology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14726807
AB  - Background: The yffB (PA3664) gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa encodes an uncharacterized protein of 13 kDa molecular weight with a marginal sequence similarity to arsenate reductase from Escherichia coli. The crystal structure determination of YffB was undertaken as part of a structural genomics effort in order to assist with the functional assignment of the protein. Results: The structure was determined at 1.0 Å resolution by single-wavelength anomalous diffraction. The fold is very similar to that of arsenate reductase, which is an extension of the thioredoxin fold. Conclusion: Given the conservation of the functionally important residues and the ability to bind glutathione, YffB is likely to function as a GSH-dependent thiol reductase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BMC Structural Biology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa
KW  - GLUTATHIONE
KW  - THIOLS
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 29323549; Teplyakov, Alexey 1,2; Email Address: teplyako@umbi.umd.edu Pullalarevu, Sadhana 1,2; Email Address: pullalar@umbi.umd.edu Obmolova, Galina 1,2; Email Address: galinao@niddk.nih.gov Doseeva, Victoria 1,2; Email Address: doseeva@umbi.umd.edu Galkin, Andrey 1,2; Email Address: galikin@umbi.umd.edu Herzberg, Osnat 1,2; Email Address: herzberg@umbi.umd.edu Dauter, Miroslawa 3; Email Address: dauter@bnl.gov Dauter, Zbigniew 3; Email Address: dauter@bnl.gov Gilliland, Gary L. 1,2; Email Address: gilliland@nist.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, U.S.A  2: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, U.S.A  3: National Cancer Institute, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 725A-X9, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 4, p1; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa; Subject Term: GLUTATHIONE; Subject Term: THIOLS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Lurong Zhang
AU  - Layeeque, Rakhshanda
AU  - Markey, Mia
AU  - Nakhlis, Faina
AU  - Dolmans, Dennis
AU  - Kass, Rena
AU  - Lopez, Ellen D.S.
AU  - Blakely, Wendy
AU  - Chagpar, Anees
AU  - Barton, Debra
AU  - Thomas, Melissa
AU  - Datta, Anirban
AU  - Feldman, Ron J.
AU  - Flanagan, Louise
AU  - Kenny, Paraic
AU  - Khare, Pranay D.
AU  - Kohn, Ethan
AU  - Chen-Yong Lin
AU  - Maglione, Jeanne
T1  - POSTER PRESENTATION Poster Presentation from the Sixth Annual Mission Conference of the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, Washington, DC.
JO  - Breast Journal
JF  - Breast Journal
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
M3  - Other
SP  - 67
EP  - 82
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 1075122X
AB  - Presents poster presentations from the 6th Annual Mission Conference of the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation in Washington, D.C.  "Antitumor effect on triptolide," by Lurong Zhang; "Improving sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients," by Rakhshanda Layeeque; "Self-organizing map for cluster analysis of a breast cancer database," by Mia Markey; "Impact of the breast cancer prevention trial on tamoxifen utilization in patients with T1A/BN0 breast cancer," by Faina Nakhlis.
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - LYMPH nodes
KW  - TAMOXIFEN
KW  - ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
KW  - WASHINGTON (D.C.)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11861907; Lurong Zhang 1; Email Address: zhangl@georgetown.edu Layeeque, Rakhshanda 2; Email Address: layeequerakhshanda@uams.edu Markey, Mia 3; Email Address: mia.markey@mail.utexas.edu Nakhlis, Faina 4; Email Address: fnakhlis@yahoo.com Dolmans, Dennis 5; Email Address: dejgjdolmans@hotmail.com Kass, Rena 2; Email Address: renakass@hotmail.com Lopez, Ellen D.S. 6; Email Address: edslopez@umich.edu Blakely, Wendy 7; Email Address: wblakely@son.jhmi.edu Chagpar, Anees 8; Email Address: achagpar@mdanderson.org Barton, Debra 9; Email Address: Barton.Debra@mayo.edu Thomas, Melissa 10; Email Address: thomam3@ohiohealth.com Datta, Anirban 11; Email Address: adatta@itsa.ucsf.edu Feldman, Ron J. 12; Email Address: feldmarj2@musc.edu Flanagan, Louise 13; Email Address: flanagan.25@nd.edu Kenny, Paraic 14; Email Address: pakenny@lbl.gov Khare, Pranay D. 9; Email Address: khare.pranay@mayo.edu Kohn, Ethan 15; Email Address: EAK@dartmouth.edu Chen-Yong Lin 1; Email Address: lincy@georgetown.edu Maglione, Jeanne 10; Email Address: jmaglion@ucsd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Georgetown University, Lombardi Cancer Center  2: University of Arkansas for Medical Services  3: University of Texas, Austin  4: Lynn Sage Comprehensive Breast Center, Northwestern University  5: E.L. Steele Laboratory  6: University of Michigan, The Witness Project  7: Johns Hopkins University of Nursing  8: University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center  9: Mayo Clinic Medical Center  10: Community Outreach of Ohio Health  11: University of California  12: Medical University of South Carolina  13: University of Notre Dame  14: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  15: Dartmouth Medical School; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p67; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: LYMPH nodes; Subject Term: TAMOXIFEN; Subject Term: ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; Subject Term: WASHINGTON (D.C.); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Other
L3  - 10.1111/j.1524-4741.2004.09629.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Bergeron, Kenneth D.
T1  - The death of no-dual-use.
JO  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
JF  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
M3  - Report
SP  - 15
EP  - 17
PB  - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
SN  - 00963402
AB  - Reports on the end of the no-dual-use policy, which prohibits commercial nuclear power reactors from producing bomb materials, as part of the U.S. nuclear non-proliferation rule.  Reason behind the conversion of lithium to tritium at the Watts Bar nuclear reactor of the Tennessee Valley Authority; Petition of We the People, a Tennessee-based group, to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission regarding the granting of grant license amendments for commercial nuclear reactors; Actions taken by the U.S. Energy Department for the maintenance of tritium supplies.
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation -- Law & legislation
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11787557; Bergeron, Kenneth D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physicist, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p15; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Report; Full Text Word Count: 1934
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marquette, Geneviève C.
AU  - Gray, James T.
AU  - Gosse, John C.
AU  - Courchesne, François
AU  - Stockli, Lisa
AU  - Macpherson, Gwen
AU  - Finkel, Robert
T1  - Felsenmeer persistence under non-erosive ice in the Torngat and Kaumajet mountains, Quebec and Labrador, as determined by soil weathering and cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
JF  - Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 38
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084077
AB  - Soil analyses and terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating are combined and a conceptual model  proposed to explain altitudinal weathering contrasts in high-latitude highlands. We show that summits in the Torngat and Kaumajet mountains were covered by ice during the Last Glacial Maximum, and that their felsenmeer cover  probably survived multiple glaciation events. For similar lithologies, soils on felsenmeer covered summits are signigicantly more weathered than those below the felsenmeer limit, displaying higher concentrations of crystalline iron, amorphous aluminium, and silicium extracted with oxalate. Secondary minerals such as gibbsite and kaolinite  occur in felsenmeer soils, whereas those formed in till lacked these secondary minerals. 10Be and 26Al exposure ages for nine of ten samples, from high-elevation tors and autochthonous felsenmeer blocks, range from 73 ± 6 to 157 ± 15 ka. By contrast, ages of 11.4 ± 1.0 and 11.7 ± 1.0 ka are measured for bedrock in the much lower Saglek zone, indicating extensive (>3 m) glacial erosion of this zone during Late Wisconsinan glaciation. 26Al/10Be ratios demonstrate that  exposure of the high-elevation surfaces was interrupted during at least one cosmic ray shielding event by either ice or till cover. In either case, Late Wisconsinan glaciers could not have extensively eroded these surfaces. Five erratics dated above the Saglek zone, including one in the felsenmeer zone, have exposure ages ranging from 11.6 ± 1.0 to 13.6 ± 0.7 ka. This indicates that valley and high-elevation ice persisted through the Younger Dryas Chron and  provides further evidence that the highlands were not nunataks during the Late Wisconsinan period. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Des analyses de sols et la datation d'affleurements ayant des nucléides cosmogéniques terrestres sont  combinées et un modèle conceptuel est proposé pour expliquer les contrastes d'altération selon l'altitude dans les  hautes terres à des latitudes élevées. Nous démontrons que les sommets dans des monts Torngat et Kaumajet étaient couverts par de la glace au cours du dernier maximum glaciaire et que leur couverture de felsenmeer a probablement subi de multiples événements de glaciation. Pour les lithologies semblables, les sols formés dans les zones de felsenmeer sont significativement plus altérés que ceux formés aux plus basses altitudes. Les tills ont des concentrations plus  élevées de fer cristallin, d'aluminium amorphe et de silice extraite par oxalate. Les minéraux secondaires tels que la gibbsite et la kaolinite se retrouvent dans les sols des felsenmeers, alors que ceux formés dans le till ne présentent pas ces minéraux secondaires. Les âges d'exposition obtenus par 10Be et 26Al, pour neuf des dix échantillons, provenant de roches isolées de haute élévation et de blocs de felsenmeer autochtones, varient de 73 ± 6 à 157 ± 15 ka. Cependant, des âges de 11,4 ± 1,0 ka et de 11,7 ± 1,0 ka sont mesurés pour le socle dans la zone beaucoup plus basse de Saglek, indiquant une forte (>3 m) érosion glaciaire dans cette zone durant la glaciation au Wisconsinien tardif. Les rapports 26Al/10Be démontrent que l'exposition des surfaces à élévation élevée a été interrompue durant au moins un événement les protégeant contre les rayons cosmiques, soit par une couverture de till ou de glace. Dans un cas ou l'autre, les  glaciers au Wisconsinien tardif n'ont pas pu éroder beaucoup ces surfaces. Cinq blocs erratiques provenant d'au-dessus de la zone Saglek ont été datés, incluant un bloc de la zone de felsenmeer; ils ont des âges d'exposition variant de 11,6 ± 1,0 ka à 13,6 ± 0,7 ka. Cela indique que la glace dans la vallée et dans les hautes élévations a persisté à travers l'épisode du Dryas récent et fournit des évidences supplémentaires que les hautes terres n'étaient pas des nunataks au cours de la période du Wisconsinien tardif.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Weathering
KW  - Soil testing
KW  - Mountains
KW  - Ice sheets
KW  - Nuclides
N1  - Accession Number: 12287667; Marquette, Geneviève C. 1; Gray, James T. 1; Email Address: grayj@geog.umontreal.ca; Gosse, John C. 2; Courchesne, François 1; Stockli, Lisa 3; Macpherson, Gwen; Finkel, Robert 4; Affiliations: 1: Département de géographie, Université de Montréal, 520 Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; 2: Department of Earth Sciences, Dalhousie University, Edsell Castle Circle, Halifax, NS B3J 3J5, Canada; 3: Department of Geology, University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Blvd., Lawrence, KS 66045, U.S.A.; 4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 (L-232), Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p19; Thesaurus Term: Weathering; Thesaurus Term: Soil testing; Thesaurus Term: Mountains; Thesaurus Term: Ice sheets; Subject Term: Nuclides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 4 Charts, 6 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/E03-072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuskan, Gerald A.
AU  - Gunter, Lee E.
AU  - Yang, Zamin K.
AU  - TongMing Yin
AU  - Sewell, Mitchell M.
AU  - DiFazio, Stephen P.
T1  - Characterization of microsatellites revealed by genomic sequencing of Populus trichocarpa.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
JF  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 93
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00455067
AB  - Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are highly polymorphic, codominant markers that have great value for the construction of genetic maps, comparative mapping, population genetic surveys, and paternity analyses. Here, we report the development and testing of a set of SSR markers derived from shotgun sequencing from Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray, a nonenriched genomic DNA library, and bacterial artificial chromosomes. Approximately 23% of the 1536 genomic clones and 48% of the 768 bacterial artificial chromosome subclones contained an SSR. Of the sequences containing an SSR, 72.4% contained a dinucleotide, 19.5% a trinucleotide, and 8.1% a tetranucleotide repeat unit; 26.6% of the sequences contained multiple SSR motifs in a complex or compound repeat structures. A survey of the genome sequence database revealed very similar proportional distribution, indicating that our limited rapid, shallow sequencing effort is representative of genome-wide patterns. In total, 492 primer pairs were designed and these yielded 77 markers that were mapped in an F2 pedigree, including 26 that were sufficiently informative to be included in a Populus framework map. SSRs with GC-rich motifs mapped at a significantly higher frequency than expected, although AT-rich SSRs accounted for the majority of mapped markers due to their higher representation in the genome. SSR markers developed from P. trichocarpa showed high utility throughout the genus, with amplification rates in excess of 70% for all Populus species tested. Finally, at least 30% of the markers amplified in several willow species, suggesting that some of these SSRs will be transferable across genera. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Les microsatellites ou séquences répétées en tandem (SSRs) constituent des marqueurs codominants hautement polymorphes qui sont très utiles pour la construction de cartes génétiques, la cartographie comparée, les études de génétique des populations et les analyses de paternité. Les auteurs ont développé et testé un ensemble de marqueurs SSRs découlant du séquençage aléatoire d'une banque d'ADN génomique non enrichie et de chromosomes artificiels bactériens de Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray. Environ 23 % des 1536 clones génomiques et 48 % des 768 sous-clones de BAC contenaient un SSR. De ces séquences contenant un SSR, 72,4 % présentaient une répétition dinucléotidique, 19,5 % une répétition trinucléotidique et 8,1 % une répétition tétranucléotidique; 26,6 % des séquences présentaient des patrons SSRs multiples au sein de structures répétées complexes ou composées. Une étude de la base de données de la séquence du génome a révélé des proportions similaires des différents motifs, indiquant qu'un effort limité, rapide et superficiel de séquençage produit des SSRs représentatifs des patrons du génome dans son ensemble. Un total de 492 paires d'amorces ont été élaborées, résultant en 77 marqueurs qui ont été cartographiés à partir d'un pedigree F2, incluant 26 marqueurs assez informatifs pour être inclus dans une carte de base de Populus. Les marqueurs SSRs à motifs riches en GC étaient cartographiés à une fréquence significativement plus élevée que la fréquence espérée, quoique les SSRs à motifs riches en AT comptaient pour la majorité des marqueurs cartographiés en raison de leur plus forte représentation dans le génome. Les marqueurs SSRs développés à partir de P. trichocarpa ont démontré une bonne transférabilité à travers le genre, avec des taux d'amplification excédant 70 % pour toutes les espèces de Populus testées. Enfin, au moins 30 % des marqueurs ont été amplifiés chez plusieurs espèces de saule, indiquant que certains de ces marqueurs SSRs seront transférables d'une genre à l'autre.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSATELLITES (Genetics)
KW  - BLACK cottonwood
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
KW  - GENE mapping
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
N1  - Accession Number: 12287622; Tuskan, Gerald A. 1; Email Address: tuskanga@ornl.gov Gunter, Lee E. 1 Yang, Zamin K. 1 TongMing Yin 1 Sewell, Mitchell M. 1 DiFazio, Stephen P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: MICROSATELLITES (Genetics); Subject Term: BLACK cottonwood; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Subject Term: GENE mapping; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/X03-283
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - North, J. Micah
AU  - Manning, Thomas J.
AU  - Purcell, Jerry
AU  - Nienow, James A.
AU  - Olsen, Emily
AU  - Dalal, Naresh S.
AU  - Riddle, Kim
AU  - Ekman, Jon
T1  - Exfoliated graphite and ozonated single-wall carbon nanotubes for encapsulation of the single-molecule magnet Mn12
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 00086223
AB  - We outline experiments on single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and exfoliated graphite (EG), as templates for producing nanostructures of the nanomagnetic manganese acetate cluster (Mn12[(CH3COO)16(H2O)4O12] · 2CH3COOH · 4H2O),Mn12. Mn12 grown in EG and SWNT exhibit downward shifts in its blocking temperature, ac susceptibility response and magnetic hysteresis loops. Temperature dependence of the magnetization reversal dynamics shows that encapsulation in EG or ozonated SWNT shortens the Arrhenius relaxation time for magnetization reversal, <f>τo</f>, from 7.8 × 10−8 to 1.4 × 10−8s, with a marginal lowering of the activation barrier from 68 ± 5 to 60 ± 5 K. The role of Mn–O modes in the magnetization dynamics together with these data indicate the potential for controlling Mn12 properties via encapsulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CHEMICAL peel
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11656580; North, J. Micah 1 Manning, Thomas J. 2; Email Address: tmanning@valdosta.edu Purcell, Jerry 2 Nienow, James A. 3 Olsen, Emily 3 Dalal, Naresh S. 1 Riddle, Kim 4 Ekman, Jon 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA 31698, USA  3: Department of Biology, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA 31698, USA  4: Electron Microscope Facility, Biology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4370, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p199; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL peel; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2003.10.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kercher, Andrew K.
AU  - Nagle, Dennis C.
T1  - AC electrical measurements support microstructure model for carbonization: a comment on ‘Dielectric relaxation due to interfacial polarization for heat-treated wood’
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 00086223
KW  - A. Charcoal
KW  - B. Carbonization
KW  - D. Electrical properties
KW  - Dielectric properties
N1  - Accession Number: 11656583; Kercher, Andrew K. 1; Email Address: kercherak@ornl.gov Nagle, Dennis C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metal and Ceramics Division––Carbon Group, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Bldg. 4508 MS 6087, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6087, USA  2: Johns Hopkins University, 810 Wyman Park Dr. G010, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p219; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Charcoal; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Carbonization; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electrical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric properties; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2003.10.037
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarnobat, Sachin U.
AU  - Rajput, Sandeep
AU  - Bruns, Duane D.
AU  - DePaoli, David W.
AU  - Daw, C. Stuart
AU  - Nguyen, Ke
T1  - The impact of external electrostatic fields on gas–liquid bubbling dynamics
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 59
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 258
SN  - 00092509
AB  - The effect of an applied electric potential on the dynamics of gas bubble formation from a single nozzle in glycerol was studied experimentally. Dry nitrogen was bubbled into glycerol through a nozzle having an electrified tip while pressure measurements were made upstream of the nozzle. As the applied electric potential was increased from zero, bubble size reduced, bubble shape became more spherical, and bubbling frequency increased. At constant gas flow, bubble-formation exhibited a classic period-doubling route to chaos with increasing potential. We defined an electric Bond number assuming that both the liquid and gas phases are conducting. This is in contrast to previous studies where one phase was considered a perfect conductor and the other one a perfect nonconductor or insulator. Although electric potential and gas flow appear to have similar effects on the period-doubling bifurcation process for this system, the relative impact of electrostatic forces, as measured in terms of electric Bond number for conducting liquid and gas phases, is smaller. However, the relative impact of electrostatic forces for the case of insulating liquid and conducting gas phases is comparable to flow forces. Further data collection is required for different nozzle geometries and liquid column heights in order to verify the relative impacts of electrostatic and flow forces, and would allow us to ascertain if electrostatic potential is a feasible manipulated variable for controlling this system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
KW  - Bubble formation
KW  - Electrostatic spraying
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Nonlinear dynamics
KW  - Separations
N1  - Accession Number: 22237530; Sarnobat, Sachin U. 1 Rajput, Sandeep 1 Bruns, Duane D. 1; Email Address: dbruns@utk.edu DePaoli, David W. 2 Daw, C. Stuart 3 Nguyen, Ke 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 436 Dougherty Engr Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Separations and Materials Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA  3: Engineering Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8088, USA  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 59 Issue 1, p247; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bubble formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrostatic spraying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiphase flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Separations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ces.2003.09.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hannachi, A.
AU  - Stephenson, D. B.
AU  - Sperber, K. R.
T1  - Probability-based methods for quantifying nonlinearity in the ENSO.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Erratum
SP  - 69
EP  - 70
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09307575
AB  - Presents the corrected reprint of an error in an article about probability-based methods for quantifying nonlinearity.
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
N1  - Accession Number: 16983864; Hannachi, A. 1; Email Address: han@met.rdg.ac.uk Stephenson, D. B. 1 Sperber, K. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Meteorology, The University of Reading, Earley Gate PO Box 243, RG6 6BB, Reading, UK  2: Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, 94550, L-264 Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p69; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Erratum
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-003-0377-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tim Barnett
AU  - Robert Malone
AU  - William Pennell
AU  - Detlet Stammer
AU  - Bert Semtner
AU  - Warren Washington
T1  - The Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources in the West: Introduction and Overview.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
SN  - 01650009
AB  - The results of an experimental `end to end' assessment of the effects of climate change on water resources in the western United States are described. The assessment focuses on the potential effects of climate change over the first half of the 21st century on the Columbia, Sacramento/San Joaquin, and Colorado river basins. The paper describes the methodology used for the assessment, and it summarizes the principal findings of the study. The strengths and weaknesses of this study are discussed, and suggestions are made for improving future climate change assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - RIVERS -- United States
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 20395794; Tim Barnett 1 Robert Malone 2 William Pennell 3 Detlet Stammer 1 Bert Semtner 4 Warren Washington 5; Affiliation:  1: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, U.S.A.  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, U.S.A.  4: Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, U.S.A.  5: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: RIVERS -- United States; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - David W. Pierce
AU  - Tim P. Barnett
AU  - Robin Tokmakian
AU  - Albert Semtner
AU  - Mathew Maltrud
AU  - JoAnne Lysne
T1  - The ACPI Project, Element 1: Initializing a Coupled Climate Model from Observed Conditions.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 28
SN  - 01650009
AB  - A problem for climate change studies with coupled ocean-atmosphere models has been how to incorporate observed initial conditions into the ocean, which holds most of the `memory' of anthropogenic forcing effects. The first difficulty is the lack of comprehensive three-dimensional observations of the current ocean temperature (T) and salinity (S) fields to initialize to. The second problem is that directly imposing observed T and S fields into the model results in rapid drift back to the model climatology, with the corresponding loss of the observed information. Anthropogenic forcing scenarios therefore typically initialize future runs by starting with pre-industrial conditions. However, if the future climate depends on the details of the present climate, then initializing the model to observations may provide more accurate forecasts. Also, this ~ 130 yr spin up imposes substantial overhead if only a few decades of predictions are desired. A new technique to address these problems is presented. In lieu of observed T and S, assimilated ocean data were used. To reduce model drift, an anomaly coupling scheme was devised. This consists of letting the model's climatological (pre-industrial) oceanic and atmospheric heat contents and transports balance each other, while adding on the (much smaller) changes in heat content since the pre-industrial era as anomalies. The result is model drift of no more than 0.2 K over 50 years, significantly smaller than the forced response of 1.0 K. An ensemble of runs with these assimilated initial conditions is then compared to a set spun up from pre-industrial conditions. No systematic differences were found, i.e., the model simulation of the ocean temperature structure in the late 1990s is statistically indistinguishable from the assimilated observations. However, a model with a worse representation of the late 20th century climate might show significant differences if initialized in this way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - OCEAN temperature
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 20395784; David W. Pierce 1,2,3,4 Tim P. Barnett 2,3,4,5 Robin Tokmakian 2,3,4,5 Albert Semtner 2,3,4,5 Mathew Maltrud 2,3,4,5 JoAnne Lysne 2,3,4,5; Affiliation:  1: Climate Research Division 0224, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 920930224, U.S.A. E-mail: dpierce@ucsd.edu  2: Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, U.S.A.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.  4: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.  5: Climate Research Division 0224, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 920930224, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1-3, p13; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: OCEAN temperature; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - L. Ruby Leung
AU  - Yun Qian
AU  - Xindi Bian
AU  - Warren M. Washington
AU  - Jongil Han
AU  - John O. Roads
T1  - Mid-Century Ensemble Regional Climate Change Scenarios for the Western United States.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 113
SN  - 01650009
AB  - To study the impacts of climate change on water resources in the western U.S., global climate simulations were produced using the National Center for Atmospheric Research/Department of Energy (NCAR/DOE) Parallel Climate Model (PCM). The Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) was used to downscale the PCM control (20 years) and three future (2040–2060) climate simulations to yield ensemble regional climate simulations at 40 km spatial resolution for the western U.S. This paper describes the regional simulations and focuses on the hydroclimate conditions in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) and Sacramento-San Joaquin River (SSJ) Basin. Results based on global and regional simulations show that by mid-century, the average regional warming of 1 to 2.5 °C strongly affects snowpack in the western U.S. Along coastal mountains, reduction in annual snowpack was about 70% as indicated by the regional simulations. Besides changes in mean temperature, precipitation, and snowpack, cold season extreme daily precipitation increased by 5 to 15 mm/day (15–20%) along the Cascades and the Sierra. The warming resulted in increased rainfall at the expense of reduced snowfall, and reduced snow accumulation (or earlier snowmelt) during the cold season. In the CRB, these changes were accompanied by more frequent rain-on-snow events. Overall, they induced higher likelihood of wintertime flooding and reduced runoff and soil moisture in the summer. Changes in surface water and energy budgets in the CRB and SSJ basin were affected mainly by changes in surface temperature, which were statistically significant at the 0.95 confidence level. Changes in precipitation, while spatially incoherent, were not statistically significant except for the drying trend during summer. Because snow and runoff are highly sensitive to spatial distributions of temperature and precipitation, this study shows that (1) downscaling provides more realistic estimates of hydrologic impacts in mountainous regions such as the western U.S., and (2) despite relatively small changes in temperature and precipitation, changes in snowpack and runoff can be much larger on monthly to seasonal time scales because the effects of temperature and precipitation are integrated over time and space through various surface hydrological and land-atmosphere feedback processes. Although the results reported in this study were derived from an ensemble of regional climate simulations driven by a global climate model that displays low climate sensitivity compared with most other models, climate change was found to significantly affect water resources in the western U.S. by the mid twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - ATMOSPHERE -- Research
KW  - HYDROLOGIC cycle
KW  - WEST (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 20395792; L. Ruby Leung 1 Yun Qian 2 Xindi Bian 2 Warren M. Washington 3 Jongil Han 4 John O. Roads 4; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A. E-mail: ruby.leung@pnl.gov  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A.  3: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, U.S.A.  4: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1-3, p75; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE -- Research; Subject Term: HYDROLOGIC cycle; Subject Term: WEST (U.S.); Number of Pages: 39p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - A. W. Wood
AU  - L. R. Leung
AU  - V. Sridhar
AU  - D. P. Lettenmaier
T1  - Hydrologic Implications of Dynamical and Statistical Approaches to Downscaling Climate Model Outputs.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
EP  - 216
SN  - 01650009
AB  - Six approaches for downscaling climate model outputs for use in hydrologic simulation were evaluated, with particular emphasis on each method''s ability to produce precipitation and other variables used to drive a macroscale hydrology model applied at much higher spatial resolution than the climate model. Comparisons were made on the basis of a twenty-year retrospective (1975–1995) climate simulation produced by the NCAR-DOE Parallel Climate Model (PCM), and the implications of the comparison for a future (2040–2060) PCM climate scenario were also explored. The six approaches were made up of three relatively simple statistical downscaling methods – linear interpolation (LI), spatial disaggregation (SD), and bias-correction and spatial disaggregation (BCSD) – each applied to both PCM output directly (at T42 spatial resolution), and after dynamical downscaling via a Regional Climate Model (RCM – at ½-degree spatial resolution), for downscaling the climate model outputs to the ⅛-degree spatial resolution of the hydrological model. For the retrospective climate simulation, results were compared to an observed gridded climatology of temperature and precipitation, and gridded hydrologic variables resulting from forcing the hydrologic model with observations. The most significant findings are that the BCSD method was successful in reproducing the main features of the observed hydrometeorology from the retrospective climate simulation, when applied to both PCM and RCM outputs. Linear interpolation produced better results using RCM output than PCM output, but both methods (PCM-LI and RCM-LI) lead to unacceptably biased hydrologic simulations. Spatial disaggregation of the PCM output produced results similar to those achieved with the RCM interpolated output; nonetheless, neither PCM nor RCM output was useful for hydrologic simulation purposes without a bias-correction step. For the future climate scenario, only the BCSD-method (using PCM or RCM) was able to produce hydrologically plausible results. With the BCSD method, the RCM-derived hydrology was more sensitive to climate change than the PCM-derived hydrology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROMETEOROLOGY
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
N1  - Accession Number: 20395790; A. W. Wood 1 L. R. Leung 2 V. Sridhar 1 D. P. Lettenmaier 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 161 Wilcox Hall, P.O. Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, U.S.A.  2: U.S. Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, U.S.A.  3: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 161 Wilcox Hall, P.O. Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, U.S.A. E-mail: dennisl@u.washington.edu; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1-3, p189; Subject Term: HYDROMETEOROLOGY; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Rong
AU  - Shi, Jeane
AU  - Parikh, Atul N.
AU  - Shreve, Andrew P.
AU  - Chen, Liaohai
AU  - Swanson, Basil I.
T1  - Evidence for cholera aggregation on GM1-decorated lipid bilayers
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 09277765
AB  - The binding properties of cholera toxin B (CTB) oligomer to substrate supported membrane bilayer, containing physiologically relevant concentrations of receptor glycolipids, viz. monosialoganglioside (GM1), have been extensively studied by the atomic force microscopy (AFM). Two distinct classes of GM1 containing membrane-mimetic surfaces were prepared: supported lipid bilayer membranes (sBLMs) on freshly cleaved mica and hybrid lipid bilayer membranes (hBLMs) on octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) derivatized silicon substrates. On sBLMs, aggregates with a well-defined ordered arrangement of individual CTB molecules were observed at all GM1 and cholera concentrations studied. In sharp contrast, features consistent with randomly distributed adsorbed individual CTB molecules were seen on a bare mica surface. On the hBLMs, the aggregate structures were only observed when the bilayer was formed onto ordered OTS surfaces, offering continuous and defect-free lipid membrane for the lateral diffusion of GM1. Ill-packed and disordered OTS monolayers yielded a random distribution of adsorbed proteins comparable to that observed for CTB binding on bare mica substrates. These observations strongly support that the aggregation of CTB–GM1 complex is a result of the specific interaction of CTB molecules with GM1 receptors in the fluid membrane bilayers. The high mobility of GM1 allows lateral diffusion of the complex to form ordered aggregates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHOLERA
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - GLYCOLIPIDS
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Cholera toxin B oligomer
KW  - Protein aggregation
N1  - Accession Number: 11769963; Wang, Rong 1; Email Address: wangr@iit.edu Shi, Jeane 2 Parikh, Atul N. 3 Shreve, Andrew P. 2 Chen, Liaohai 4 Swanson, Basil I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological, Chemical and Physical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Applied Science, 3001 Engineering III, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: CHOLERA; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: GLYCOLIPIDS; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cholera toxin B oligomer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein aggregation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2003.09.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Puder, Markus G.
AU  - Veil, John A.
T1  - Overfiling in the Cooperative Federalism Balance: A Search Forever Incomplete and Incompletable.
JO  - Columbia Journal of Environmental Law
JF  - Columbia Journal of Environmental Law
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 144
SN  - 00984582
AB  - Examines the authority of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to overfile in consecutive environmental enforcement scenarios.  Working definition of overfiling; Permissibility of overfiling; Overview of perspectives on overfiling; Idea behind cooperative federalism, a paradigm crafted by Congress for environmental law and policy.
KW  - Environmental law
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Environmental protection -- United States
KW  - Public administration
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12454503; Puder, Markus G. 1,2,3,4; Veil, John A. 5; Affiliations: 1: Researcher and attorney, Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Washington D.C.; 2: Adjunct professor of law, Georgetown University Law Center; 3: Member, New York State Bar; 4: Member, U.S. Supreme Court Bar; 5: Manager of the Water Policy Program, Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p119; Thesaurus Term: Environmental law; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Subject Term: Environmental protection -- United States; Subject Term: Public administration; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921190 Other General Government Support; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, XiaoHang
AU  - Andersson, Claes
T1  - Assessing the impact of temporal dynamics on land-use change modeling
JO  - Computers, Environment & Urban Systems
JF  - Computers, Environment & Urban Systems
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 01989715
AB  - Time is a fundamental dimension in dynamic land-use change modeling. An appropriate treatment of time is essential to realistically simulate landscape dynamics. Current land-use models provide little justification of their treatment of time. As a result, little is known about how the time dimension impacts the spatio-temporal patterns produced by land-use simulation models. This paper reports a first exploration on this issue. It examines the impact of the degree of temporal dynamics on the behavior of an urban growth model which is based on a modified Markov random field and probabilistic cellular automata. Experimental results from this case study suggest that the degree of temporal dynamics does have an important impact on the urban morphology produced by the model. Too much or too little dynamics could both lead to unrealistic patterns. However, the impact seems to vary for processes with different levels of change intensity. In the case of a process with moderate changes, the impact of temporal dynamics is also moderate. For a process with high change rate, the degree of temporal dynamics affects the model output significantly. The implication of these findings is discussed in the context of information accessibility and operational land-use modeling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers, Environment & Urban Systems is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Land use
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Markov random fields
KW  - Cellular automaton
KW  - Land-use change modelling
KW  - Markov random field
KW  - Time
N1  - Accession Number: 11464996; Liu, XiaoHang 1; Email Address: xhliu@geog.ucsb.edu; Andersson, Claes 2; Email Address: andersson@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; 2: Earth and Environmental Science Division, EES-6 MS T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 28 Issue 1/2, p107; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Subject Term: Markov random fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular automaton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land-use change modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov random field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0198-9715(02)00045-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11464996&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bacon, T.
AU  - Duxbury, G.
AU  - Symko-Davies, R.M.
AU  - Cohen, L.F.
AU  - Montonen, C.
AU  - Sheldon, E.
AU  - Byrne, J.
AU  - Halliwell, J.
AU  - Kobine, J.J.
AU  - Pruessner, G.
AU  - Parfitt, D.G.W.
AU  - Portnoi, M.E.
AU  - O'Leary, S.V.
AU  - Frasinski, L.
AU  - Crothers, D.S.F.
AU  - Andrews, D.L.
AU  - Bransden, B.H.
AU  - Butterfield, J.
AU  - Mathie, A.
T1  - Book reviews.
JO  - Contemporary Physics
JF  - Contemporary Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 79
EP  - 92
SN  - 00107514
AB  - Reviews the book "Adventures in the Atomic Age," by G.T. Seaborg and E. Seaborg.
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SEABORG, Glenn Theodore, 1912-1999
KW  - SEABORG, E.
KW  - ADVENTURES in the Atomic Age (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 11692452; Bacon, T. 1 Duxbury, G. 2 Symko-Davies, R.M. 3 Cohen, L.F. 1 Montonen, C. 4 Sheldon, E. 5 Byrne, J. 6 Halliwell, J. 1 Kobine, J.J. 7 Pruessner, G. 1 Parfitt, D.G.W. 8 Portnoi, M.E. 8 O'Leary, S.V. 9 Frasinski, L. 9 Crothers, D.S.F. 10 Andrews, D.L. 11 Bransden, B.H. 12 Butterfield, J. 13 Mathie, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Imperial College London  2: University of Strathclyde  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA  4: University of Helsinki  5: University of Massachusetts  6: University of Sussex  7: University of Dundee  8: University of Exeter  9: University of Reading  10: Queen's University, Belfast  11: University of East Anglia  12: University of Durham  13: University of Cambridge; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p79; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ADVENTURES in the Atomic Age (Book); People: SEABORG, Glenn Theodore, 1912-1999; People: SEABORG, E.; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Widing, Mary Ann
AU  - Simunich, Kathy Lee
AU  - Blachowicz, Dariusz
AU  - Braun, Mary
AU  - Van Groningen, Charles
T1  - Object-Oriented Layers in ELIST.
JO  - CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering
JF  - CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 26
SN  - 21601577
AB  - In developing large, complex software systems, object-oriented programming techniques can provide many benefits. In addition to using an object-oriented language, developers should also employ other techniques such as layers to fully obtain these benefits. This article discusses several of these design details that were used in developing a military logistics system called Enhanced Logistics Intra-Theater Support Tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering is the property of USAF Software Technology Support Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - LOGISTICS
KW  - MILITARY art & science
N1  - Accession Number: 11966319; Widing, Mary Ann 1; Email Address: widing@dis.anl.gov Simunich, Kathy Lee 1; Email Address: simunich@dis.anl.gov Blachowicz, Dariusz 1; Email Address: blach@dis.anl.gov Braun, Mary 1; Email Address: duffy@dis.anl.gov Van Groningen, Charles 1; Email Address: vang@dis.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: LOGISTICS; Subject Term: MILITARY art & science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arai, K.
AU  - Ninomiya, A.
AU  - Ishigohka, T.
AU  - Takano, K.
AU  - Nakajima, H.
AU  - Michael, P.
AU  - Vieira, R.
AU  - Martovetsky, N.
AU  - Sborchia, C.
AU  - Alekseev, A.
AU  - Takahashi, Y.
AU  - Kato, T.
AU  - Kaiho, K.
AU  - Tsuji, H.
AU  - Okuno, K.
AU  - Ando, T.
AU  - Isono, T.
AU  - Koizumi, N.
AU  - Hamada, K.
AU  - Kawano, K.
T1  - Acoustic emission and disturbances in central solenoid model coil for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 44
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
SN  - 00112275
AB  - This paper presents acoustic emission (AE) signals induced from the Central Solenoid (CS) model coil of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) program. Envelopes of the AE signals were quasi-continuously measured with high-time resolution of 100 μs using six multi-channel AE sensors in order to detect the disturbances in the CS model coil during the process of the series of direct current (DC) operations. The AE signals were considered to be originally induced by motion of superconducting cables in cable-in-conduit (CIC) conductors and local motion of the conductors, judging from the close correlation between the AE signals and voltage spikes in the coil, especially during the virgin current operation. The multi-channel measurements provide us with information about the distribution of disturbances that could be detected acoustically by the AE sensors installed at each point of the CS model coil. The observation of AE envelopes with high-time resolution showed that the disturbances at each location of the CS model coil decreased by repeatedly charging-up the coil, judging from instantaneous AE levels, AE energy and the number of AE events. Direct measurements of the number of AE events that were carried out at another point on the coil confirmed that the disturbance dependence on the number of operations was similar to that mentioned above. The transfer function methods using one pair of AE sensors enabled us to analyze changes that might occur in either the coil structure or in the disturbance in frequency region during the repeating of the charging-up processes of the coil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACOUSTIC emission
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Acoustic emission (AE)
KW  - Disturbance
KW  - International thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER)
KW  - Nb3Sn cable-in-conduit superconductor
KW  - Stability
N1  - Accession Number: 11535947; Arai, K. 1; Email Address: kazuaki-arai@aist.go.jp Ninomiya, A. 2; Email Address: ninomiya@ee.seikei.ac.jp Ishigohka, T. 2; Email Address: ishigoka@ee.seikei.ac.jp Takano, K. 3; Email Address: takanok@fusion.naka.jaeri.go.jp Nakajima, H. 3; Email Address: nakajima@naka.jaeri.go.jp Michael, P. 4; Email Address: michael@psfc.mit.edu Vieira, R. 4 Martovetsky, N. 5; Email Address: martovetsky1@llnl.gov Sborchia, C. 6 Alekseev, A. 7 Takahashi, Y. 3 Kato, T. 3 Kaiho, K. 1 Tsuji, H. 3; Email Address: tsuji@naka.jaeri.go.jp Okuno, K. 3 Ando, T. 3 Isono, T. 3 Koizumi, N. 3 Hamada, K. 3 Kawano, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Energy Electronics Institute, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan  2: Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-Kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan  3: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Naka-gun, Ibaraki311-0193, Japan  4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 185 Albany Street NW22, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-641 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USA  6: Max-Plank-Institute für Plasmaphysik, EFDA, Close Support Unit Garching, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany  7: D.V. Efremov Scientific Research Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus, Sovetsky Pr. 1, 196641 St. Petersburg, Metallostroy, Russia; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 44 Issue 1, p15; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC emission; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acoustic emission (AE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: International thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER); Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn cable-in-conduit superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2003.07.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turgeman
AU  - R.
AU  - Gershevitz
AU  - O.
AU  - Palchik
AU  - Deutsch
AU  - M.
AU  - Ocko
AU  - B. M.
AU  - Gedanken
AU  - A.
AU  - Sukenik
AU  - C. N.
T1  - Oriented Growth of ZnO Crystals on Self-Assembled Monolayers of Functionalized Alkyl Silanes.
JO  - Crystal Growth & Design
JF  - Crystal Growth & Design
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 175
SN  - 15287483
AB  - Highly ordered ZnO crystals of 0.15 μm width and 0.5 μm length were grown on silicon wafers coated with a monolayer of SiCl3(CH2)11-O-C6H5 molecules. Various techniques (contact angle measurements, ellipsometry, ATR-FTIR) were employed for determining the quality of the monolayer coating. In addition, the bare and silane-coated Si wafers were studied by X-ray reflectivity (XR) and grazing-incidence diffraction (GID) using synchrotron radiation. The results obtained point to a possible relationship between the organization of the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) coating, the dipole moment of the headgroup, and the orientation of the ZnO crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Crystal Growth & Design is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11907656; Turgeman R. 1 Gershevitz O. 1 Palchik Deutsch M. 1 Ocko B. M. 1 Gedanken A. 1 Sukenik C. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan - 52900, Israel, and Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p169; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaefer, Dale W.
AU  - Agamalian, Michael M.
T1  - Ultra-small-angle neutron scattering: a new tool for materials research
JO  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 47
SN  - 13590286
AB  - Ultra-small-angle neutron scattering is a powerful new tool to quantitatively characterize the morphology of materials on length scales from 0.1 to 50 μm. The technique has already been used on a wide range of materials from hydrogels to geologic specimens. The data reveal a surprising richness of previously undetected morphological features. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - SMALL-angle scattering
KW  - HYDROGELS
KW  - SCATTERING amplitude (Nuclear physics)
KW  - D, deuterium
KW  - HDPE, high-density polyethylene
KW  - HPB, hydrogenated butadiene
KW  - LDPE, low-density polyethylene
KW  - LLDPE, linear low-density polyethylene
KW  - LS, light scattering
KW  - ORNL, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
KW  - PE, polyethylene
KW  - SANS, small-angle neutron scattering
KW  - SAS, small-angle scattering
KW  - SE, spin echo
KW  - SEM, scanning electron microscopy
KW  - SLD, scattering length density
KW  - TIPS, thermally induced phase separation
KW  - TOF, time-of-flight
KW  - USANS, ultra-small-angle neutron scattering
KW  - USAS, ultra-small-angle scattering
KW  - USAXS, ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering
KW  - WAS, wide-angle scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 13565035; Schaefer, Dale W. 1; Email Address: dale.schaefer@uc.edu Agamalian, Michael M. 2; Email Address: magamalian@sns.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA  2: Spallation Neutron Source Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6393, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p39; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: SMALL-angle scattering; Subject Term: HYDROGELS; Subject Term: SCATTERING amplitude (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: D, deuterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: HDPE, high-density polyethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPB, hydrogenated butadiene; Author-Supplied Keyword: LDPE, low-density polyethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: LLDPE, linear low-density polyethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: LS, light scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: ORNL, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Author-Supplied Keyword: PE, polyethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: SANS, small-angle neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAS, small-angle scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: SE, spin echo; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEM, scanning electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: SLD, scattering length density; Author-Supplied Keyword: TIPS, thermally induced phase separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOF, time-of-flight; Author-Supplied Keyword: USANS, ultra-small-angle neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: USAS, ultra-small-angle scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: USAXS, ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: WAS, wide-angle scattering; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cossms.2004.01.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, S. M.
AU  - Goodwin, E. H.
T1  - DNA and telomeres: beginnings and endings.
JO  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
JF  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 104
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 115
SN  - 14248581
AB  - How a cell deals with its DNA ends is a question that returns us to the very beginnings of modern telomere biology. It is also a question we are still asking today because it is absolutely essential that a cell correctly distinguishes between natural chromosomal DNA ends and broken DNA ends, then processes each appropriately – preserving the one, rejoining the other. Effective end-capping of mammalian telomeres has a seemingly paradoxical requirement for proteins more commonly associated with DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. Ku70, Ku80, DNA-PKcs (the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase), Xrcc4 and Artemis all participate in DSB repair through nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). Somewhat surprisingly, mutations in any of these genes cause spontaneous chromosomal end-to-end fusions that maintain large blocks of telomeric sequence at the points of fusion, suggesting loss or failure of a critical terminal structure, rather than telomere shortening, is at fault. Nascent telomeres produced via leading-strand DNA synthesis are especially susceptible to these end-to-end fusions, suggesting a crucial difference in the postreplicative processing of telomeres that is linked to their mode of replication. Here we will examine the dual roles played by DNA repair proteins. Our review of this rapidly advancing field primarily will focus on mammalian cells, and cannot include even all of this. Despite these limitations, we hope the review will serve as a useful gateway to the literature, and will help to frame the major issues in this exciting and rapidly progressing field. Our apologies to those whose work we are unable to include. Copyright © 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cytogenetic & Genome Research is the property of Karger AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - DEOXYRIBOSE
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 13208948; Bailey, S. M. 1,2 Goodwin, E. H. 2; Email Address: egoodwin@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos, National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM (USA); Source Info: 2004, Vol. 104 Issue 1-4, p109; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: DEOXYRIBOSE; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000077474
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Wilburn, Dianne Williams
AU  - Mahutova, Katarina
AU  - Barich III, John J.
AU  - Kreizenbeck, Ronald A.
T1  - Environmental Technologies Research and Deployments at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
JO  - Defence & the Environment: Effective Scientific Communication
JF  - Defence & the Environment: Effective Scientific Communication
Y1  - 2004/01//
M3  - Book Chapter
SP  - 189
EP  - 196
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V. / Books
SN  - 9781402020834
AB  - This chapter reviews environmental research capabilities and deployments at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in the U.S. The PRES-ES program at Los Alamos has the responsibility for developing new and innovative environmental technologies, while enhancing older approaches that address actual environmental problems. Meanwhile, the PRES-SA program has completed 231 environmental projects since its inception in 1989. Projects are defined as research, development, demonstration, and deployment projects.
KW  - Ecological research
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Green technology
KW  - United States
KW  - Los Alamos National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 18728318; Wilburn, Dianne Williams 1; Mahutova, Katarina 2; Barich III, John J. 2; Kreizenbeck, Ronald A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; 2: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Seattle, WA, U.S.A.; Issue Info: 2004, p189; Thesaurus Term: Ecological research; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Thesaurus Term: Green technology; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Book Chapter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babich, L. P.
AU  - Donskoy, E. N.
AU  - Kutsyk, I. M.
AU  - Roussel-Dupre, R. A.
T1  - Characteristics of a Relativistic Electron Avalanche in Air.
JO  - Doklady Physics
JF  - Doklady Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 38
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10283358
AB  - Discusses the characteristics of a relativistic electron avalanche in air.  Calculations for air atmospheric pressures; Energy distribution; Accumulation of energy by a runaway electron.
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - AVALANCHES
KW  - AIR
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12122336; Babich, L. P. 1; Email Address: kay@sar.ru Donskoy, E. N. 1 Kutsyk, I. M. 1 Roussel-Dupre, R. A. 2; Email Address: rroussel-dupre@lanf.gov; Affiliation:  1: Russian Federal Nuclear Center VNIIEF, pr. Mira 37, Sarov, Nizhegorodskaya oblast, 607180 Russia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Mail Stop F569, Los Alamos, New Mexico NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: AVALANCHES; Subject Term: AIR; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1648089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lal, Devendra
AU  - Harris, Nigel B.W.
AU  - Sharma, Kewal K.
AU  - Gu, Zhaoyan
AU  - Ding, L.
AU  - Liu, Tungsheng
AU  - Dong, Weiquan
AU  - Caffee, Marc W.
AU  - Jull, A.J.T.
T1  - Erosion history of the Tibetan Plateau since the last interglacial: constraints from the first studies of cosmogenic 10Be from Tibetan bedrock
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 217
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 42
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - The cosmogenic 10Be exposure histories of in situ bedrock surfaces from the Tibetan Plateau indicate low erosion rates of <30 mm/ka in southern and central Tibet during the last interglacial–glacial cycle that contrast strongly with unusually rapid erosion rates (60–2000 mm/ka) for Kunlun in northern Tibet during the Holocene, comparable with published values from the Himalaya. By comparing apatite fission-track ages with cosmogenic data, erosion rates in southern Tibet appear to be decelerating since the Miocene, whereas in the Kunlun, erosion rates have accelerated over the same timescale. Such secular changes suggest that the southern and central regions of the plateau had formed their present flat relief by the Pleistocene. Unusually high erosion rates along the northern margin of the plateau may reflect intense tectonic activity during the Holocene. These findings indicate that over much of the high plateau erosion rates are exceptionally low, and therefore the sources of detritus carried by the great Asian rivers that rise in Tibet lie overwhelmingly in bedrocks at lower altitudes. This study illustrates the potential of cosmogenic studies for unraveling the most recent phase of the erosion/exhumation history of orogenic belts that cannot be resolved by either Ar-isotope or fission-track thermochronometers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EROSION
KW  - COSMOCHRONOLOGY
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - cosmochronology
KW  - tectonics
KW  - Tibetan Plateau
KW  - erosion
N1  - Accession Number: 22238075; Lal, Devendra 1; Email Address: dlal@ucsd.edu Harris, Nigel B.W. 2; Email Address: n.b.w.harris@open.ac.uk Sharma, Kewal K. 3; Email Address: kewalksharma@rediffmail.com Gu, Zhaoyan 4; Email Address: zgu@95777.com Ding, L. 4 Liu, Tungsheng 4; Email Address: tsliu@public.bta.net.cn Dong, Weiquan 1; Email Address: wdong@mail.nevada.edu Caffee, Marc W. 5; Email Address: mcaffee@physics.purdue.edu Jull, A.J.T. 6; Email Address: jull@email.arizona.edu; Affiliation:  1: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Geosciences Research Division, La Jolla, CA 92093-0244, USA  2: Department of Earth Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK  3: Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun 248001, India  4: Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, PR China  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  6: NSF Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometer Laboratory, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 217 Issue 1/2, p33; Subject Term: EROSION; Subject Term: COSMOCHRONOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmochronology; Author-Supplied Keyword: tectonics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tibetan Plateau; Author-Supplied Keyword: erosion; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: Spanish; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00600-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bizimis, Michael
AU  - Sen, Gautam
AU  - Salters, Vincent J.M.
T1  - Hf–Nd isotope decoupling in the oceanic lithosphere: constraints from spinel peridotites from Oahu, Hawaii
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 217
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 58
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We present a detailed geochemical investigation on the Hf, Nd and Sr isotope compositions and trace and major element contents of clinopyroxene mineral separates from spinel lherzolite xenoliths from the island of Oahu, Hawaii. These peridotites are believed to represent the depleted oceanic lithosphere beneath Oahu, which is a residue of a MORB-related melting event some 80–100 Ma ago at a mid-ocean ridge. Clinopyroxenes from peridotites from the Salt Lake Crater (SLC) show a large range of Hf isotopic compositions, from ∊Hf=12.2 (similar to the Honolulu volcanics series) to extremely radiogenic, ∊Hf=65, at nearly constant 143Nd/144Nd ratios (∊Nd=7–8). None of these samples show any isotopic evidence for interaction with Koolau-type melts. A single xenolith from the Pali vent is the only sample with Hf and Nd isotopic compositions that falls within the MORB field. The Hf isotopes correlate positively with the degree of depletion in the clinopyroxene (e.g. increasing Mg#, Cr#, decreasing Ti and heavy REE contents), but also with increasing Zr and Hf depletions relative to the adjacent REE in a compatibility diagram. The Lu/Hf isotope systematics of the SLC clinopyroxenes define apparent ages of 500 Ma or older and these compositions cannot be explained by mixing between any type of Hawaiian melts and the depleted Pacific lithosphere. Metasomatism of an ancient (e.g. 1 Ga or older) depleted peridotite protolith can, in principle, explain these apparent ages and the Nd–Hf isotope decoupling, but requires that the most depleted samples were subject to the least amount of metasomatism. Alternatively, the combined isotope, trace and major element compositions of these clinopyroxenes are best described by metasomatism of the 80–100 Ma depleted oceanic lithosphere by melts products of extensive mantle–melt interaction between Honolulu Volcanics-type melts and the depleted lithosphere. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IGNEOUS rocks
KW  - PERIDOTITE
KW  - SUBMARINE topography
KW  - MID-ocean ridges
KW  - hafnium
KW  - Hawaiian plume
KW  - isotopes
KW  - spinel peridotite
KW  - xenoliths
N1  - Accession Number: 22238076; Bizimis, Michael 1,2; Email Address: bizimis@magnet.fsu.edu Sen, Gautam 1 Salters, Vincent J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Isotope Geochemistry, and Department of Geological Sciences, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 217 Issue 1/2, p43; Subject Term: IGNEOUS rocks; Subject Term: PERIDOTITE; Subject Term: SUBMARINE topography; Subject Term: MID-ocean ridges; Author-Supplied Keyword: hafnium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hawaiian plume; Author-Supplied Keyword: isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: spinel peridotite; Author-Supplied Keyword: xenoliths; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00598-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chu, Shaoping
AU  - Elliott, Scott
AU  - Maltrud, Mathew
AU  - Hernandez, Jose
AU  - Erickson, David
T1  - Ecodynamic and Eddy-Admitting Dimethyl Sulfide Simulations in a Global Ocean Biogeochemistry/Circulation Model.
JO  - Earth Interactions
JF  - Earth Interactions
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 25
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 10873562
AB  - The authors describe planetary-scale modeling of mixed-layer dimethyl sulfide (DMS) processing and distributions, conducted at a resolution of 0.288 using the Parallel Ocean Program (POP). Ecodynamic routines embedded within POP track the interactions of bacteria, multiple phytoplankton species, zooplankton, and both dissolved and detrital organics. Biogeochemistry linked to the ecosystem includes full elemental cycling for iron, nitrogen, silicon, carbon, and the portion of the sulfur cycle leading through the formation of intracellular dimethyl sulfoniopropionate (DMSP) to dissolved DMS. The two reduced sulfur compounds are emitted from the numerical plant bins at average rates proportional to the taxonomically dependent DMSP content. Within the water column they are subjected to photolysis, interconversion, consumption by the bacterial pool, and loss into the troposphere. Biogeochemical species distributions were calculated synchronously with the POP ocean circulation for the period 1995-2000. The DMS concentration patterns generated agree with available global climatologies in several important aspects. Average values fall consistently between tenths to several nanomolar and remain near the low end of the interval within the oligotrophic gyres, while maxima favor the spring hemisphere. Mesoscale coupling of eddies and geocycles leads to strong variability in the 10-100-km range that is superimposed upon local baselines. Integrated flux into the atmosphere lies toward the low end of the envelope of some recent independent calculations. This is primarily attributable to a slight but persistent underprediction of concentration. Several clear deficiencies remain in the sulfur cycle mechanism. For example, bacterial uptake and the taxonomic dependence of exudation are closely linked and together may require improved parameterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Interactions is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OCEAN circulation
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - TROPOSPHERE
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - DIMETHYL sulfide
KW  - PHYTOPLANKTON
KW  - AQUATIC biology
KW  - ZOOPLANKTON
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - EDDIES
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Dimethyl sulfide
KW  - Ecodynamics
KW  - Eddy resolution
KW  - OGCM
N1  - Accession Number: 15979586; Chu, Shaoping 1; Email Address: sme@lanl.gov Elliott, Scott 1 Maltrud, Mathew 1 Hernandez, Jose 2 Erickson, David 2; Affiliation:  1: The Climate Ocean Sea Ice Model Project, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Climate Dynamics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: OCEAN circulation; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERE; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: DIMETHYL sulfide; Subject Term: PHYTOPLANKTON; Subject Term: AQUATIC biology; Subject Term: ZOOPLANKTON; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: EDDIES; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimethyl sulfide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: OGCM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 25p; Illustrations: 12 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harrison, Kevin G.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Post, Wilfred M.
AU  - Chapp, Emily L.
T1  - Soil C Accumulation in a White Oak CO2-Enrichment Experiment via Enhanced Root Production.
JO  - Earth Interactions
JF  - Earth Interactions
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 10873562
AB  - After four growing seasons, soil below white oak trees exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (ambient + 300 ppm) had an average of 14% more soil carbon than soil below trees exposed to ambient levels of carbon dioxide. The soil carbon inventories in five soil cores collected from ambient chambers and six soil cores collected from elevated chambers at the Global Change Field Research Site, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, were measured. The authors conclude that the increase in soil carbon was due to an increase in belowground soil carbon input, because above ground litter inputs were excluded by experimental design. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that elevated carbon dioxide levels are increasing the amount of carbon stored in soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Interactions is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OAK
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CARBON in soils
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - OAK Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Carbon dioxide fertilization
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Soil carbon storage
N1  - Accession Number: 15991331; Harrison, Kevin G. 1; Email Address: k.Harrison@neu.edu Norby, Richard J. 2 Post, Wilfred M. 2 Chapp, Emily L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  3: School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: OAK; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CARBON in soils; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: OAK Ridge (Tenn.); Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide fertilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil carbon storage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, Virginia H.
T1  - SUCCESSION (Book).
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 294
EP  - 294
SN  - 00129658
AB  - Reviews the book "Primary Succession and Ecosystem Rehabilitation," by Lawrence R. Walker and Roger Del Moral.
KW  - Ecological succession
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Walker, Lawrence R.
KW  - Del Moral, Roger
KW  - Primary Succession & Ecosystem Rehabilitation (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12412332; Dale, Virginia H. 1; Email Address: dalevh@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036.; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1, p294; Thesaurus Term: Ecological succession; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Primary Succession & Ecosystem Rehabilitation (Book); People: Walker, Lawrence R.; People: Del Moral, Roger; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, Gale A.
AU  - Roop, Joseph M.
T1  - A Note on the Fisher Ideal Index Decomposition for Structural Change in Energy Intensity.
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 101
PB  - International Association for Energy Economics, Inc.
SN  - 01956574
AB  - Index numbers have been used to decompose aggregate trends in energy intensity, i.e., the ratio of energy use to activity. By making a direct appeal to the theory underlying price index numbers used by the energy decomposition literature, this note proposes the chain weighted Fisher Ideal Index as a formula that solves the 'residual problem.' The connection to index number theory also allows us to illustrate that the measures of activity used to define energy intensity need not be additive across the sectors that are involved in the decomposition. We give an empirical example using recent U.S. manufacturing data of the Fisher Ideal Index, compared to the Törnqvist Divisia index, a popular index in the energy literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Journal is the property of International Association for Energy Economics, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - PRICE indexes
KW  - ENERGY management
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12000486; Boyd, Gale A. 1; Email Address: gboyd@anl.gov Roop, Joseph M. 2; Email Address: joe.roop@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4815, USA  2: Staff Economist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 715 S Taft, Kennewick, WA 99336-9587, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p87; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: PRICE indexes; Subject Term: ENERGY management; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho, Clifford K.
AU  - Arnold, Bill W.
AU  - Cochran, John R.
AU  - Taira, Randal Y.
AU  - Pelton, Mitchell A.
T1  - A probabilistic model and software tool for evaluating the long-term performance of landfill covers
JO  - Environmental Modelling & Software
JF  - Environmental Modelling & Software
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 13648152
AB  - A probabilistic model and software tool has been developed to assist in the selection, design, and monitoring of long-term covers for contaminated subsurface sites. The software platform contains multiple modules that can be used to simulate relevant features, events, and processes that include water flux through the cover, source-term release, vadose-zone transport, saturated-zone transport, gas transport, and exposure pathways. The component models are integrated into a probabilistic total-system performance-assessment model within a drag-and-drop software platform. Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses can be conducted that yield the following primary benefits: (1) quantification of uncertainty in the simulated performance metrics; (2) identification of parameters most important to performance; and (3) comparison of alternative designs to optimize cost and performance. A case study has been performed using the Monticello Mill Tailings Site in Utah to illustrate the important features and benefits of the modeling approach and software. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Modelling & Software is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER pollution
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ZONE of aeration
KW  - Cap
KW  - Cover
KW  - Performance
KW  - Probabilistic
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 11609408; Ho, Clifford K. 1; Email Address: ckho@sandia.gov Arnold, Bill W. 1 Cochran, John R. 1 Taira, Randal Y. 2 Pelton, Mitchell A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: WATER pollution; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: ZONE of aeration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cover; Author-Supplied Keyword: Performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1364-8152(03)00111-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miehr, Rosemarie
AU  - Tratnyek, Paul G.
AU  - Bandstra, Joel Z.
AU  - Scherer, Michelle M.
AU  - Alowitz, Michael J.
AU  - Bylaska, Eric J.
T1  - Diversity of Contaminant Reduction Reactions by Zerovalent Iron: Role of the Reductate.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 147
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The reactions of eight model contaminants with nine types of granular Fe(O) were studied in batch experiments using consistent experimental conditions. The model contaminants (herein referred to as "reductates" because they were reduced by the iron metal) included cations (Cu[SUP2+]), anions (CrO[SUB4][SUP2-], NO[SUB3][SUP-], and 5,5',7,7'-indigotetrasulfonate), and neutral species (2-chloroacetophenone, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, carbon tetrachloride, and trichioroethene). The diversity of this range of reductates offers a uniquely broad perspective on the reactivity of Fe(O). Rate constants for disappearance of the reductates vary over as much as four orders of magnitude for particular reductates (due to differences in the nine types of iron) but differences among the reductates were even larger, ranging over almost seven orders of magnitude. Various ways of summarizing the data all suggest that relative reactivities with Fe(O) vary in the order Cu[SUP2+] 5,5',7,7'-indigotetrasulfonate > 2-chloroacetophenone, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene > carbon tetrachloride, CrO[SUB4][SUP2-] > trichloroethene > NO[SUB3][SUP-]. Although the reductate has the largest effect on disappearance kinetics, more subtle differences in reactivity due to the type of Fe(O) suggests that removal of CrO[SUB2][SUP2-] and NO[SUB3][SUP-] (the inorganic anions) involves adsorption to oxides on the Fe(O), whereas the disappearance kinetics of all other types of reductants is favored by reduction on comparatively oxide-free metal. Correlation analysis of the disappearance rate constants using descriptors of the reductates calculated by molecular modeling (energies of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, LUMO, highest occupied molecular orbitals, HOMO, and HOMO-LUMO gaps) showed that reactivities generally decrease with increasing E[SUBLUMO] and increasing E[SUBGAP] (and, therefore, increasing chemical hardness η). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Iron
KW  - Metallic oxides
KW  - Carbon tetrachloride
KW  - Molecular orbitals
KW  - Valence (Chemistry)
KW  - Linear free energy relationship
N1  - Accession Number: 12101662; Miehr, Rosemarie 1; Tratnyek, Paul G. 1; Email Address: tranyek@ese.ogi.edu; Bandstra, Joel Z. 1; Scherer, Michelle M. 2; Alowitz, Michael J. 2; Bylaska, Eric J. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, Oregon 97006.; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.; 3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p139; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Metallic oxides; Thesaurus Term: Carbon tetrachloride; Subject Term: Molecular orbitals; Subject Term: Valence (Chemistry); Subject Term: Linear free energy relationship; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuster, W. C.
AU  - Jobson, B. T.
AU  - Karl, T.
AU  - Riemer, D.
AU  - Apel, E.
AU  - Goldan, P. D.
AU  - Fehsenfeld, F. C.
T1  - Intercomparison of Volatile Organic Carbon Measurement Techniques and Data at La Porte during the TexAQS2000 Air Quality Study.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 228
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The Texas Air Quality Study 2000 (TexAQS2000) investigated the photochemical production of ozone and the chemistry of related precursors and reaction products in the vicinity of Houston, TX. The colocation of four instruments for the measurement of volatile organic carbon compounds (VOCs) allowed a unique opportunity for the intercomparison of the different in-situ measuring techniques. The instruments included three gas chromatographs, each with a different type of detector, and a Proton-Transfer- Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS) with each system designed to measure a different suite of VOCs. Correlation plots and correlation statistics are presented for species measured by more than one of these instruments. The GC instruments were all in agreement to within 10-20% (slope) with coefficients of variation (r[SUP2]) of ≥0.85. The PTR- MS agreement with other instruments was more dependent on species with some very good agreements (r[SUP2] values of ∼0.95 for some aromatics), but isoprene, acetaldehyde and propene were substantially less highly correlated (0.55<r[SUP2]<0.80). At least part of these differences were undoubtedly due to the timing of sample acquisition in an environment in which VOC levels changed very rapidly on both quantitative and temporal scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Photochemical smog
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Houston (Tex.)
KW  - La Porte (Tex.)
KW  - Texas
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12101672; Kuster, W. C. 1; Email Address: bkuster@al.noaa.gov; Jobson, B. T. 2,3; Karl, T. 4; Riemer, D. 5; Apel, E. 4; Goldan, P. D. 1; Fehsenfeld, F. C. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, RIAL7, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305.; 2: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309.; 3: Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, rn/s K-930, Richland, WA 99352.; 4: Atmospheric Chemistry Division, The National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80303.; 5: Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149.; Issue Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p221; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Photochemical smog; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject: Houston (Tex.); Subject: La Porte (Tex.); Subject: Texas; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lukens, Wayne W.
AU  - Shuh, David K.
AU  - Schroeder, Norman C.
AU  - Ashley, Kenneth R.
T1  - Identification of the Non-Pertechnetate Species in Hanford Waste Tanks, Tc(I) -- Carbonyl Complexes.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 233
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Immobilization of the high-level nuclear waste stored at the Hanford Reservation has been complicated by the presence of soluble, lower-valent technetium species. Previous work by Schroeder and Blanchard has shown that these species cannot be removed by ion-exchange and are difficult to oxidize. The Tc K-edge XANES spectra of the species in Tanks SY-101 and SY-103 were reported by Blanchard, but they could not be assigned to any known technetium complex. We report that the XANJES spectra are most likely those of Tc(I)-carbonyl species, especially fac-Tc(CO)[SUB3](gluconate)[SUP2-]. This is further supported by EXAFS and [SUP99]Tc-NMR studies in nonradioactive simulants of these tank wastes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Technetium compounds
KW  - Ion exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Carbonyl compounds
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - Extended X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - Nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - Technetium
N1  - Accession Number: 12101673; Lukens, Wayne W. 1; Email Address: wwlukens@lbl.gov; Shuh, David K. 1; Schroeder, Norman C. 2; Ashley, Kenneth R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Chemical Science Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alarnos, New Mexico 87545.; 3: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University -- Commerce, Commerce, Texas 75429.; Issue Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p229; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Pollutants; Subject Term: Technetium compounds; Subject Term: Ion exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: Carbonyl compounds; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: Extended X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: Nuclear magnetic resonance; Subject Term: Technetium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kszos, Lynn Adams
AU  - Morris, Gail W.
AU  - Konetsky, Belinda K.
T1  - SOURCE OF TOXICITY IN STORM WATER: ZINC FROM COMMONLY USED PAINT.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 16
SN  - 07307268
AB  - A Department of Energy site in Paducah, Kentucky (USA), stores thousands of cylinders of depleted uranium hexa- fluoride. Breaches of the cylinders could result in the release of uranium and hydrogen fluoride. Beginning in 1996, a program was begun to paint the cylinders in order to prevent corrosion of the cylinders and the surfaces of the storage yards were converted to concrete. In 1998, storm water from the cylinder storage yards was found to be toxic to Ceriodaphnia, at concentrations exceeding limits in the site's discharge permit. A six-month study was conducted to identify the source of the toxicity in the storm water. Ceriodaphnia toxicity tests with the storm water resulted in 48-h median lethal concentrations (LC50) ranging from 12 to 94%; zinc concentrations in the storm water ranged from 0.08 to 0.54 mg/L. Acute toxicity tests with zinc and linear regression identified that zinc concentrations in the storm water were sufficient to account for the toxicity observed. By tracking the sources to the discharge point, newly painted cylinders were identified as the source of the zinc in the storm water. Rainwater collected directly from the painted cylinders contained up to 13 mg Zn/L. Laboratory and field tests showed that topcoating the cylinders would reduce the amount of zinc in the runoff from the cylinders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER pollution
KW  - PAINT
KW  - DAPHNIA
KW  - ZINC
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - ACUTE toxicity testing
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - PADUCAH (Ky.)
KW  - KENTUCKY
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Acute toxicity
KW  - Ceriodaphnia
KW  - Paint
KW  - Storm water
KW  - Zinc
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15999598; Kszos, Lynn Adams 1; Email Address: kszosla@ornl.gov Morris, Gail W. 1 Konetsky, Belinda K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: WATER pollution; Subject Term: PAINT; Subject Term: DAPHNIA; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: ACUTE toxicity testing; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: PADUCAH (Ky.); Subject Term: KENTUCKY; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acute toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceriodaphnia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paint; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storm water; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zinc; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444120 Paint and Wallpaper Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424950 Paint, Varnish, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Burris, David R.
T1  - REDUCTION OF HALOGENATED ETHANES BY GREEN RUST.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 48
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Green rusts, mixed FeII/FeIII hydroxide minerals present in many suboxic environments, have been shown to reduce a number of organic and inorganic contaminants. The reduction of halogenated ethanes was examined in aqueous suspensions of green rust, both alone and with the addition of AgI (AgGR) and CuII (CuGR). Hexachloroethane (HCA), pentachloroethane (PCA), 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-TeCA), 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-TeCA), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA), 1,1,2-trichloroethane (1,1,2-TCA), 1,1-dichloroethane (1,1-DCA), and 1,2-dibromoethane were reduced in the presence of green rust alone, AgGR, or CuGR; only 1,2-dichloroethane and chloroethane were nonreactive. The reduction was generally more rapid for more highly substituted ethanes than for ethanes having fewer halogen groups (HCA > PCA > 1,1,1,2-TeCA . 1,1,1-TCA > 1,1,2,2- TeCA > 1,1,2-TCA > 1,1-DCA), and isomers with the more asymmetric distributions of halogen groups were more rapidly reduced than the isomer with greater symmetry (e.g., 1,1,1-TCA > 1,1,2-TCA). The addition of AgI or CuII to green rust suspensions resulted in a substantial increase in the rate of halogenated ethane reduction as well as significant differences in the product distributions with respect to green rust alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ETHANES
KW  - HALOGENATION
KW  - ETHYLENE dibromide
KW  - HYDROXIDE minerals
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - Chlorinated ethanes
KW  - Chlorinated hydrocarbons
KW  - Ethylene dibromide
KW  - Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxide
KW  - Reductive dehalogenation
N1  - Accession Number: 15999625; O'Loughlin, Edward J. 1,2; Email Address: oloughlin@anl.gov Burris, David R. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/MLQR, Tyndall AFB, Florida 32403-5301, USA  2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4843, USA  3: Integrated Science and Technology, 433 Harrison Avenue, Panama City, Florida 32401, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: ETHANES; Subject Term: HALOGENATION; Subject Term: ETHYLENE dibromide; Subject Term: HYDROXIDE minerals; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorinated ethanes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylene dibromide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reductive dehalogenation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nukala, P. K. V. V.
AU  - Simunovic, S.
T1  - Scaling of fracture strength in disordered quasi-brittle materials.
JO  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 100
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346028
AB  - Discusses the results on a study on broadly distributed heterogeneities of quasi-brittle materials.  Theoretical derivation for the fracture strength distribution of a lattice system; Advantage of modeling a mechanical problem using an electrical analogy; Comparative study between the lognormal distribution for fracture strengths and the traditional used Weibull and Gumbel distributions.
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - LOGNORMAL distribution
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - WEIBULL distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 15179513; Nukala, P. K. V. V. 1; Email Address: nukalapk@ornl.gov Simunovic, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6359, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p91; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: LOGNORMAL distribution; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: WEIBULL distribution; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjb/e2004-00033-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forsythe, Chris
T1  - The Future of Simulation Technology for Law Enforcement.
JO  - FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin
JF  - FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 73
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 23
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 00145688
AB  - Discusses the uses of simulation technology in law enforcement.  Use of simulation for training decision making; Need to apply caution when adopting any technical solution that removes human decision maker from the process; Description of a notional simulator trainer.
KW  - TECHNOLOGY & law
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - LAW enforcement
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12461191; Forsythe, Chris 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico  2: Technical lead for the laboratory's multiproject cognition program; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 73 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY & law; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: LAW enforcement; Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922120 Police Protection; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2004
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boffelli, Dario
AU  - Cheng, Jan-Fang
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
T1  - Convergent evolution in primates and an insectivore
JO  - Genomics
JF  - Genomics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 83
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 08887543
AB  - The cardiovascular risk factor LPA has a puzzling distribution among mammals, its presence being limited to a subset of primates and a member of the insectivore lineage, the hedgehog. To explore the evolutionary history of LPA, we performed extensive genomic sequence comparisons of multiple species with and without an LPA gene product, such as human, baboon, hedgehog, lemur, and mouse. This analysis indicated that LPA arose independently in a subset of primates, including baboon and human, and an insectivore, the hedgehog, and was not simply lost by species lacking it. The similar structural domains shared by the hedgehog and primate LPA indicate that they were formed by a unique molecular mechanism involving the convergent evolution of paralogous genes in these distant species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Genomics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARDIOVASCULAR diseases
KW  - PRIMATES
KW  - INSECTIVORES (Mammals)
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11610023; Boffelli, Dario 1 Cheng, Jan-Fang 1 Rubin, Edward M.; Email Address: emrubin@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 84-171, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 83 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: CARDIOVASCULAR diseases; Subject Term: PRIMATES; Subject Term: INSECTIVORES (Mammals); Subject Term: GENETICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00148-4
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Ainsworth, Calvin C.
AU  - Brown Jr., Gordon E.
AU  - Catalano, Jeffrey G.
AU  - McKinley, James P.
AU  - Qafoku, Odeta
AU  - Smith, Steven C.
AU  - Szecsody, James E.
AU  - Traina, Sam J.
AU  - Warner, Jeffrey A.
T1  - Chromium speciation and mobility in a high level nuclear waste vadose zone plume
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 68
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 30
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Radioactive core samples containing elevated concentrations of Cr from a high level nuclear waste plume in the Hanford vadose zone were studied to asses the future mobility of Cr. Cr(VI) is an important subsurface contaminant at the Hanford Site. The plume originated in 1969 by leakage of self-boiling supernate from a tank containing REDOX process waste. The supernate contained high concentrations of alkali (NaOH &ap; 5.25 mol/L), salt (NaNO3/NaNO2 >10 mol/L), aluminate [Al(OH)4− = 3.36 mol/L], Cr(VI) (0.413 mol/L), and 137Cs+ (6.51 × 10−5 mol/L). Water and acid extraction of the oxidized subsurface sediments indicated that a significant portion of the total Cr was associated with the solid phase. Mineralogic analyses, Cr valence speciation measurements by X-ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, and small column leaching studies were performed to identify the chemical retardation mechanism and leachability of Cr. While X-ray diffraction detected little mineralogic change to the sediments from waste reaction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that mineral particles within 5 m of the point of tank failure were coated with secondary, sodium aluminosilicate precipitates. The density of these precipitates decreased with distance from the source (e.g., beyond 10 m). The XANES and column studies demonstrated the reduction of 29–75% of the total Cr to insoluble Cr(III), and the apparent precipitation of up to 43% of the Cr(VI) as an unidentified, non-leachable phase. Both Cr(VI) reduction and Cr(VI) precipitation were greater in sediments closer to the leak source where significant mineral alteration was noted by SEM. These and other observations imply that basic mineral hydrolysis driven by large concentrations of OH− in the waste stream liberated Fe(II) from the otherwise oxidizing sediments that served as a reductant for CrO42−. The coarse-textured Hanford sediments contain silt-sized mineral phases (biotite, clinochlore, magnetite, and ilmenite) that are sources of Fe(II). Other dissolution products (e.g., Ba2+) or Al(OH)4− present in the waste stream may have induced Cr(VI) precipitation as pH moderated through mineral reaction. The results demonstrate that a minimum of 42% of the total Cr inventory in all of the samples was immobilized as Cr(III) and Cr(VI) precipitates that are unlikely to dissolve and migrate to groundwater under the low recharge conditions of the Hanford vadose zone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - ZONE of aeration
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 22237495; Zachara, John M. 1; Email Address: john.zachara@pnl.gov Ainsworth, Calvin C. 1 Brown Jr., Gordon E. 2 Catalano, Jeffrey G. 2 McKinley, James P. 1 Qafoku, Odeta 1 Smith, Steven C. 1 Szecsody, James E. 1 Traina, Sam J. 3 Warner, Jeffrey A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA  2: Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA  3: University of California, Merced, Merced, CA 95433 USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 68 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: ZONE of aeration; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00417-4
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cole, David R.
AU  - Larson, Peter B.
AU  - Riciputi, Lee R.
AU  - Mora, Claudia I.
T1  - Oxygen isotope zoning profiles in hydrothermally altered feldspars: Estimating the duration of water-rock interaction.
JO  - Geology
JF  - Geology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 32
SN  - 00917613
AB  - The characterization of intragrain mineralogical and isotopic zoning patterns provides the basis for estimating the duration of fluid-rock interaction associated with mineral replacement reactions. In the Rico, Colorado, hydrothermal system, oxygen isotope ratios in reaction rims on partially reacted plagioclase feldspar exhibit some of the largest gradients yet reported for individual grains (to 15‰). The extent of rim formation and accompanying isotopic exchange vary across the system as a function of temperature, fluid isotope composition, and the local fluid/rock ratio. Distal feldspars show narrow rims with [sup 18]O enrichments relative to pristine feldspars. Feldspars intermediate or proximal to the system's center have wide reaction rims or are completely exchanged and show [sup 18]O depletions. Formation times of reaction rims and associated isotopic patterns have been estimated with a coupled reaction-diffusion model that suggests that hotter (∼250-350 °C) hydrothermal circulation was active for ∼100-300 k.y. in the center part of the system, perhaps only while the igneous heat engine was still magma. Cooler (∼150-200 °C) circulation was widespread, lasting for >1000 k.y.  Keywords: oxygen isotopes; hydrothermal alteration; kinetics; diffusion; ion probe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geology is the property of Geological Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - RICO (Colo.)
KW  - COLORADO
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12385580; Cole, David R. 1 Larson, Peter B. 2 Riciputi, Lee R. 1 Mora, Claudia I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  2: Department of Geology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA  3: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: MINERALOGY; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: RICO (Colo.); Subject Term: COLORADO; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1130/G19881.1
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, William C.
AU  - van Soest, Matthijs C.
AU  - Mariner, Robert H.
AU  - Hurwitz, Shaul
AU  - Ingrebritsen, Steven E.
AU  - Wicks Jr., Charles W.
AU  - Schmidt, Mariek E.
T1  - Magmatic intrusion west of Three Sisters, central Oregon, USA: The perspective from spring geochemistry.
JO  - Geology
JF  - Geology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 72
SN  - 00917613
AB  - A geochemical investigation of springs near Three Sisters volcanoes was conducted in response to the detection of crustal uplift west of the peaks. Dilute, low-temperature springs near the center of uplift show ³He/[sup 4]He ratios ≥7R[sub A] (R[sub A] is the ratio in air), and transport in total ∼16 MW of heat and ∼180 g/s of magmatic carbon (as CO[sub 2]). These anomalous conditions clearly reflect the influence of magma, but they seemingly predate the onset of the present uplift and derive from a previous event. Episodes of intrusion may thus be more common in this area than the age of eruptive vents would imply.  Keywords: Three Sisters; Oregon; springs; gases; intrusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geology is the property of Geological Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - SEISMOLOGY
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - SOUTH Sister Volcano (Or.)
KW  - OREGON
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12385590; Evans, William C. 1 van Soest, Matthijs C. 2 Mariner, Robert H. 1 Hurwitz, Shaul 1 Ingrebritsen, Steven E. 1 Wicks Jr., Charles W. 1 Schmidt, Mariek E. 3; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California, USA  2: Isotope Geochemistry Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  3: Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p69; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: SEISMOLOGY; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Subject Term: SOUTH Sister Volcano (Or.); Subject Term: OREGON; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1130/G19974.1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Scheibe, Tim
AU  - Chunmiao Zheng
T1  - Interactive Models for Ground Water Flow and Solute Transport.
JO  - Ground Water
JF  - Ground Water
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Product Review
SP  - 8
EP  - 11
SN  - 0017467X
AB  - Looks at a suite of interactive, Web-based models of ground water flow and solute transport processes, developed by faculty and students at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.  Description of the models; Scope of the three alternative models of one-dimensional solute transport; Information on the two-dimensional advective transport in homogeneous aquifers containing wells.
KW  - INTERACTIVE computer systems
KW  - INTERNET in education
KW  - GROUNDWATER flow
KW  - FLUIDS -- Migration
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - UNIVERSITY of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
N1  - Accession Number: 12465463; Scheibe, Tim 1 Chunmiao Zheng 2; Email Address: czheng@ua.edu; Affiliation:  1: Hydrology Technical Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352  2: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, Box 870338, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p8; Subject Term: INTERACTIVE computer systems; Subject Term: INTERNET in education; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER flow; Subject Term: FLUIDS -- Migration; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Company/Entity: UNIVERSITY of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Product Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ridley, Maureen
AU  - MacQueen, Donald
T1  - Sampling Plan Optimization: A Data Review and Sampling Frequency Evaluation Process.
JO  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
JF  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
Y1  - 2004///Winter2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 80
SN  - 10693629
AB  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) uses a cost-effective sampling (CES) methodology to evaluate and review ground water contaminant data and optimize the site's ground water monitoring plan. The CES methodology is part of LLNL's regulatory approved compliance monitoring plan (Lamarre et al. 1996). It allows LLNL to adjust the ground water sampling plan every quarter in response to changing conditions at the site. Since the use of the CES methodology has been approved by the appropriate regulatory agencies, such adjustments do not need additional regulatory approval. This permits LLNL to respond more quickly to changing conditions. The CES methodology bases the sampling frequency for each location on trend. variability, and magnitude statistics describing the contaminants at that location, and on the input of the technical staff (hydrologists, chemists, statisticians, and project leaders). After initial setup is complete, each application of CES takes only a few days for as many as 400 wells. Effective use of the CES methodology requires sufficient data, an understanding of contaminant transport at the site, and an adequate number of monitoring wells downgradient of the contamination. The initial implementation of CES at LLNL in 1992 produced a 40% reduction in the required number of annual routine ground water samples at LLNL. This has saved LLNL $390,000 annually in sampling, analysis, and data management costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Research institutes
N1  - Accession Number: 12605115; Ridley, Maureen 1; Email Address: ridley1@llnl.gov; MacQueen, Donald 2,3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental scientist and project leader, Environmental Restoration Division at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 2: Environmental Statistician, Environmental Restoration Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [LLNL]; 3: University of California, Livermore; Issue Info: Winter2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p74; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Cost effectiveness; Subject Term: Laboratories; Subject Term: Research institutes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babich, L. P.
AU  - Bakhov, K. I.
AU  - Balakin, V. A.
AU  - Donskoi, E. N.
AU  - Zavada, N. I.
AU  - Zelenskii, K. F.
AU  - Il'kaev, R. I.
AU  - I. M. Kutsyk
AU  - Loiko, T. V.
AU  - Nedoikash, Yu. M.
AU  - Pavlovskaya, N. G.
AU  - Roussel-Dupre, R. A.
AU  - Symbalisty, E. M. D.
AU  - And B. N. Shamraev
T1  - An Experimental Investigation of an Avalanche of Relativistic Runaway Electrons under Normal Conditions.
JO  - High Temperature
JF  - High Temperature
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0018151X
AB  - The development of avalanches of relativistic runaway electrons is investigated in an experiment similar to the classical Townsend experiment, but in the relativistic energy region. A large-scale laboratory setup is developed with an operating voltage of up to 1.2 MV, which is a chamber with flat electrodes separated by a segmented insulator. A sensitive collector method of analyzing the spectra of high-energy electrons is developed, which is used in electron detectors with a large collecting surface. The multiplication of relativistic electrons in the air is investigated at voltages of up to 1.0 MV. The initial stage of a relativistic electron avalanche is realized for the first time. The results of measurements agree with the results of Monte Carlo simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Temperature is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HIGH voltages
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - avalanches of relativistic runaway electrons
KW  - large-scale laboratory experiment
KW  - plasma investigation
N1  - Accession Number: 15100951; Babich, L. P. 1 Bakhov, K. I. 1 Balakin, V. A. Donskoi, E. N. 1 Zavada, N. I. 1 Zelenskii, K. F. 1 Il'kaev, R. I. 1 I. M. Kutsyk 1 Loiko, T. V. 1 Nedoikash, Yu. M. 1 Pavlovskaya, N. G. 1 Roussel-Dupre, R. A. 2 Symbalisty, E. M. D. 2 And B. N. Shamraev 1; Affiliation:  1: Russian Federal Nuclear Center — All-Russia Research Institute of Experimental Physics (VNIIEF), Sarov, 607190 Russia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory (`LANL,), Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HIGH voltages; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: avalanches of relativistic runaway electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: large-scale laboratory experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma investigation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, D.T.
AU  - Crary, F.J.
AU  - Nordholt, J.E.
AU  - Bagenal, F.
AU  - Boice, D.
AU  - Burch, J.L.
AU  - Eviatar, A.
AU  - Goldstein, R.
AU  - Hanley, J.J.
AU  - Lawrence, D.J.
AU  - McComas, D.J.
AU  - Meier, R.
AU  - Reisenfeld, D.
AU  - Sauer, K.
AU  - Wiens, R.C.
T1  - Solar wind interactions with Comet 19P/Borrelly
JO  - ICARUS
JF  - ICARUS
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 167
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
SN  - 00191035
AB  - The Plasma Experiment for Planetary Exploration (PEPE) made detailed observations of the plasma environment of Comet 19P/Borrelly during the Deep Space 1 (DS1) flyby on September 22, 2001. Several distinct regions and boundaries have been identified on both inbound and outbound trajectories, including an upstream region of decelerated solar wind plasma and cometary ion pickup, the cometary bow shock, a sheath of heated and mixed solar wind and cometary ions, and a collisional inner coma dominated by cometary ions. All of these features were significantly offset to the north of the nucleus–Sun line, suggesting that the coma itself produces this offset, possibly because of well-collimated large dayside jets directed 8°–10° northward from the nucleus as observed by the DS1 MICAS camera. The maximum observed ion density was 1640 ion<f>/</f>cm3 at a distance of 2650 km from the nucleus while the flow speed dropped from 360 km<f>/</f>s in the solar wind to 8 km<f>/</f>s at closest approach. Preliminary analysis of PEPE mass spectra suggest that the ratio of CO<f>+</f>/H2O<f>+</f> is lower than that observed with Giotto at 1P/Halley. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICARUS is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANETS -- Exploration
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - PLASMA frequencies
KW  - JETS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - composition (Comets)
KW  - dynamics (Comets)
KW  - Solar wind
N1  - Accession Number: 11733718; Young, D.T. 1; Email Address: dyoung@swri.edu Crary, F.J. 2 Nordholt, J.E. 3 Bagenal, F. 4 Boice, D. 1 Burch, J.L. 1 Eviatar, A. 5 Goldstein, R. 1 Hanley, J.J. 1 Lawrence, D.J. 3 McComas, D.J. 1 Meier, R. 6 Reisenfeld, D. 3 Sauer, K. 7 Wiens, R.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Southwest Research Institute, P.O. Drawer 28510, San Antonio, TX, 78228-0510, USA  2: The University of Michigan, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  4: University of Colorado, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO 80309-0392, USA  5: Tel Aviv University, Department. of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, Ramat Aviv, Israel  6: University of Hawaii, Institute of Astronomy, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA  7: Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy, D-3411 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 167 Issue 1, p80; Subject Term: PLANETS -- Exploration; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: PLASMA frequencies; Subject Term: JETS (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: composition (Comets); Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamics (Comets); Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar wind; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.icarus.2003.09.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rogers, Joe E.
AU  - Bemer, Bob
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Anne
T1  - Anecdotes.
JO  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
JF  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan-Mar2004
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 67
SN  - 10586180
AB  - The article presents the authors' experiences of getting into computers. One of the authors was new in the field of computer and knew very less about it. Then he thought to start a new career in the data processing department. He read articles and learned more about computers. Then he built his first microcomputer in 1977 with a built in keyboard. Then he attended conventions. Later in 1979, he retired from Litton and started selling a multiuser, multitasking microcomputer system. In the year 2004 he is making systems thousand times more sophisticated than the main frames of the 1970s.  INSET: Shaping the Future..
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - CAREER development
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - MULTIUSER computer systems
KW  - COMPUTER multitasking
KW  - COMPUTER industry
N1  - Accession Number: 12510397; Rogers, Joe E.; Email Address: Roger-J@evi1.net Bemer, Bob; Email Address: bob@bobberner.com Fitzpatrick, Anne 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jan-Mar2004, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: PERSONAL computers; Subject Term: CAREER development; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: MULTIUSER computer systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER multitasking; Subject Term: COMPUTER industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611430 Professional and Management Development Training; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624310 Vocational Rehabilitation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hurwilz, Justin
AU  - Wu-Chun Feng, Justin
T1  - END-TO-END PERFORMANCE OF 10-GIGABIT ETHERNET ON COMMODITY SYSTEMS.
JO  - IEEE Micro
JF  - IEEE Micro
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 22
SN  - 02721732
AB  - From its humble beginnings as shared Ethernet to its current success as switched Ethernet in local-area networks and system-area networks and its anticipated success in metropolitan and wide area networks, Ethernet continues to evolve to meet the increasing demands of packet-switched networks. It does so at low implementation cost while maintaining high reliability and relatively simple plug and play installation, administration and maintenance. Although the recently ratified 10 GbE standard differs from earlier Ethernet standards, the differences are largely superficial.  INSET: Putting the 10GbE Numbers in Perspective..
KW  - ETHERNET (Local area network system)
KW  - LOCAL area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - WIDE area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - METROPOLITAN area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DATA transmission systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12426516; Hurwilz, Justin 1; Email Address: ghurwitz@lanl.gov Wu-Chun Feng, Justin 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p10; Subject Term: ETHERNET (Local area network system); Subject Term: LOCAL area networks (Computer networks); Subject Term: WIDE area networks (Computer networks); Subject Term: METROPOLITAN area networks (Computer networks); Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiuxing Liu, Andrew
AU  - Chandrasekaran, Balasubramanian
AU  - Weikuan Yu, Balasubramanian
AU  - Jiesheng Wu, Balasubramanian
AU  - Buntinas, Darius
AU  - Kini, Sushmitha
AU  - Panda, Dhabaleswar K.
AU  - Wyckoff, Pete
T1  - MICROBENCHMARK PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF HIGH-SPEED CLUSTER INTER CONNETS.
JO  - IEEE Micro
JF  - IEEE Micro
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 51
SN  - 02721732
AB  - Recently, the computational power of commodity personal computers (PCs) has doubled about every 18 months. At the same time, network interconnects that provide very low latency and very high bandwidth are also emerging. This is a promising trend in building high-performance computing environments by clustering, combining the computational power of commodity PCs with the communication performance of high-speed network interconnects. There are several network interconnects that provide low latency and high bandwidth.
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12426519; Jiuxing Liu, Andrew; Email Address: liuj@cis.ohio-state.edu Chandrasekaran, Balasubramanian 1 Weikuan Yu, Balasubramanian Jiesheng Wu, Balasubramanian Buntinas, Darius 2 Kini, Sushmitha 3 Panda, Dhabaleswar K. 4 Wyckoff, Pete 5; Affiliation:  1: Systems Engineer, Scalable Enterprise Computing Lab, Dell Computer Corp.  2: Postdoctoral Researcher, Mathematical and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory.  3: Software Engineer, Windows Server group, Microsoft Corp.  4: Professor, Computer Science, Ohio State University.  5: Research Scientist, Ohio Supercomputer Center.; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p42; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: PERSONAL computers; Subject Term: BANDWIDTHS; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peng, Fang Z.
AU  - Hui Li
AU  - Gui-Jia Su, Fang Z.
AU  - Jack S. Lawler, Fang Z.
T1  - A New ZVS Bidirectional DC DC Converter for Fuel Cell and Battery Application.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 65
SN  - 08858993
AB  - This paper presents a new zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) bidirectional dc-dc converter. Compared to the traditional full and half bridge bidirectional dc-dc converters for the similar applications, the new topology has the advantages of simple circuit topology with no total device rating (TDR) penalty, soft-switching implementation without additional devices, high efficiency and simple control. These advantages make the new converter promising for medium and high power applications especially for auxiliary power supply in fuel cell vehicles and power generation where the high power density, low cost, lightweight and high reliability power converters are required. The operating principle, theoretical analysis, and design guidelines are provided in this paper. The simulation and the experimental verifications are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DC-to-DC converters
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - CASCADE converters
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - Auxiliary power supply
KW  - dc-dc converter
KW  - fuel cell vehicle
KW  - power generation
KW  - TUR
KW  - ZVS.
N1  - Accession Number: 12312330; Peng, Fang Z. 1; Email Address: fzpeng@egr.msu.edu Hui Li 2 Gui-Jia Su, Fang Z. 3 Jack S. Lawler, Fang Z. 4; Affiliation:  1: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226 USA.  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32308.  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p54; Subject Term: DC-to-DC converters; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: CASCADE converters; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Auxiliary power supply; Author-Supplied Keyword: dc-dc converter; Author-Supplied Keyword: fuel cell vehicle; Author-Supplied Keyword: power generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: TUR; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZVS.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2003.820550
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LePoire, David J.
AU  - Arnish, John J.
AU  - Klett, Timothy R.
AU  - Jonhson, Robert L.
AU  - Shih-Yew Chen
T1  - Pathways to Enhance Environmental Assessment Information Systems.
JO  - Informing Science
JF  - Informing Science
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 128
SN  - 15214672
AB  - Investigates the role of modeling in connecting current data and knowledge with predictions of future events and environmental states. Requirements for environmental modeling; Advancement in the use and communication of environmental modeling; Identification of the areas for shared components in the general information technology field.
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - COMMUNICATION & technology
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - community informatics
KW  - environmental modelling
N1  - Accession Number: 15925760; LePoire, David J. 1; Email Address: dlepoire@anl.gov Arnish, John J. 1; Email Address: jarnish@anl.gov Klett, Timothy R. 1; Email Address: tklett@anl.gov Jonhson, Robert L. 1; Email Address: rljohnson@anl.gov Shih-Yew Chen 1; Email Address: sychen@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Assessment Division at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 7, p117; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: COMMUNICATION & technology; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: INFORMATION science; Author-Supplied Keyword: community informatics; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental modelling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - González, F.J.
AU  - Ashley, C.S.
AU  - Clem, P.G.
AU  - Boreman, G.D.
T1  - Antenna-coupled microbolometer arrays with aerogel thermal isolation
JO  - Infrared Physics & Technology
JF  - Infrared Physics & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 13504495
AB  - Uncooled bolometric detectors used in infrared imaging systems have slow response times (∼10 ms) which makes them impractical for fast-frame-rate applications. Antenna-coupled microbolometer arrays have been shown to have fast response times (∼130 ns) and can be used as picture elements in infrared imaging systems but lack sufficient responsivity. Thermal isolation of antenna-coupled microbolometer arrays will increase its responsivity but will also increase its response time. Thermal isolation can be achieved using silica aerogel as a substrate, and its porosity can be used to modify the thermal conductivity down to values lower than air. In this paper antenna-coupled microbolometer arrays were fabricated on a substrate coated with a thin film of aerogel, noise, response and radiation characteristics were measured and compared to similar devices fabricated on a SiO2 substrate. The measured signal-to-noise ratio of devices fabricated on aerogel were one order of magnitude higher than devices fabricated on SiO2 and had time constants around 5 μs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Infrared Physics & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOLOMETERS
KW  - ANTENNAS (Electronics)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - Antenna-coupled detectors
KW  - Infrared focal plane array
KW  - Microbolometer
KW  - Silica aerogel
N1  - Accession Number: 11468642; González, F.J. 1; Email Address: javier@creol.ucf.edu Ashley, C.S. 2 Clem, P.G. 2 Boreman, G.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: School of Optics/CREOL, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816-2700, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p47; Subject Term: BOLOMETERS; Subject Term: ANTENNAS (Electronics); Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antenna-coupled detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared focal plane array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbolometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica aerogel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238299 All other building equipment contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1350-4495(03)00177-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strachan, D. M.
AU  - Buchmiller, W. C.
AU  - Park, W. R.
AU  - Munley, J. T.
T1  - A Laser-Based Measurement Device for Highly Radioactive Specimens.
JO  - Instrumentation Science & Technology
JF  - Instrumentation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10739149
AB  - A laser-based measurement device was developed so that the dimensions of highly radioactive specimens could be monitored over the span of several years. The device employs two laser curtain and diode detector pairs that are mounted orthogonally to each other. Each pair has its own controller, which is used to obtain 3500 simultaneous measurements of the height and diameter of the specimens. The precision of the measurements is less than 10 µm over a period of more that 2 years. The device was also used to measure various parallelepipeds. It was possible to determine the dimensions of these parallelepipeds and the angle between the sides. Several improvements to the device are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Instrumentation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - DIODES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - Laser device
KW  - Measurement device.
KW  - Parallelepipeds
KW  - Radioactive specimens
N1  - Accession Number: 12021258; Strachan, D. M. 1; Email Address: dennis.strachan@pnl.gov Buchmiller, W. C. 1 Park, W. R. 1 Munley, J. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser device; Author-Supplied Keyword: Measurement device.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallelepipeds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive specimens; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/CI-120027342
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrova, A. E.
AU  - Stishov, S. M.
T1  - A Cryostat for Low-Temperature and High-Pressure Studies.
JO  - Instruments & Experimental Techniques
JF  - Instruments & Experimental Techniques
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 47
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 138
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00204412
AB  - A cryostat for cooling a high-pressure cell connected to a high-pressure generator with small-diameter stainless-steel tubing, is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Instruments & Experimental Techniques is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 15104404; Petrova, A. E. 1 Stishov, S. M. 1,2; Email Address: sergei@hppi.troitsk.ru; Affiliation:  1: Vereshchagin Institute for High-Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow oblast, 142190 Russia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 47 Issue 1, p135; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneibel, Joachim H.
AU  - Pike, Lee M.
T1  - A technique for measuring thermal vacancy concentrations in stoichiometric FeAl
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 09669795
AB  - A technique for measuring thermal vacancy concentrations in FeAl is described. The densities of specimens quenched from different temperatures (to freeze in the thermal vacancies) were obtained from room temperature lattice parameter and bulk density measurements. The two sets of density data were extrapolated to a quenching temperature of 0 K and adjusted to match at that temperature. From the adjusted density values the vacancy concentrations were calculated as a function of temperature. The vacancy formation enthalpy for stoichiometric FeAl was found to be (0.51±0.14) eV. A comparison with published experimental and theoretical formation enthalpies showed considerable uncertainty in measuring and interpreting the formation energy. As a result, the formation energy for thermal vacancies in stoichiometric FeAl is believed to be somewhere between 0.5 and 0.8 eV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - IRON-aluminum alloys
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - A. Iron aluminides (based on FeAl)
KW  - B. Thermal properties
KW  - B. Thermodynamic properties
KW  - D. Defects: point defects, vacancies
KW  - F. Diffraction (X-ray)
N1  - Accession Number: 11536259; Schneibel, Joachim H. 1; Email Address: schneibeljh@ornl.gov Pike, Lee M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Haynes International, 1020 West Park Ave., PO Box 9013, IN 46904-9013, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: IRON-aluminum alloys; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Iron aluminides (based on FeAl); Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermodynamic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Defects: point defects, vacancies; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Diffraction (X-ray); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2003.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
AU  - Munroe, P.R.
T1  - On the path dependence of the thermal vacancy concentration in stoichiometric FeAl
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Bulk density and dilatometer measurements were carried out for stoichiometric iron aluminide (FeAl) in order to determine the thermal vacancy concentrations as a function of time and temperature. For temperatures of 600 °C and below the specimen bulk density or length were found to depend on heat treatment history, i.e., they were not unique functions of the temperature. This path dependence suggests a lack of active sources and sinks for thermal vacancies in FeAl at temperatures below &ap;600 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DILATOMETERS
KW  - IRON-aluminum alloys
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - A. Iron aluminides (based on FeAl)
KW  - B. Thermal properties, thermodynamic properties
KW  - D. Defects: point defects, vacancies
N1  - Accession Number: 11536263; Schneibel, J.H. 1; Email Address: schneibeljh@ornl.gov Munroe, P.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: DILATOMETERS; Subject Term: IRON-aluminum alloys; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Iron aluminides (based on FeAl); Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal properties, thermodynamic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Defects: point defects, vacancies; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2003.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singh, Prabhakar
AU  - Minh, Nguyen Q.
T1  - Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Technology Status.
JO  - International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
JF  - International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 15
SN  - 1546542X
AB  - In its most common configuration, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) uses an oxygen-ion conducting ceramic electrolyte membrane, perovskite cathode, and nickel cermet anode electrode. Cells operate in the 600-1000°C temperature range and utilize metallic or ceramic current collectors for cell-to-cell interconnection. Recent developments in engineered electrode architectures, component materials chemistry, cell and stack designs, and fabrication processes have led to significant improvements in the electrical performance and performance stability as well as reduction in the operating temperature of such cells. Large kW-size power-generation systems have been designed and field demonstrated. This paper reviews the status of SOFC power-generation systems with emphasis on cell and stack component materials, electrode reactions, materials reactions, and corrosion processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - ELECTRIC power production from chemical action
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - ELECTRODES
N1  - Accession Number: 20770574; Singh, Prabhakar 1 Minh, Nguyen Q. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352  2: GE Power Systems, Torrance, CA 90502; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 1 Issue 1, p5; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production from chemical action; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laitner, John A.
AU  - Sanstad, Alan H.
T1  - Learning-by-doing on both the demand and the supply sides: implications for electric utility investments in a Heuristic model.
JO  - International Journal of Energy Technology & Policy
JF  - International Journal of Energy Technology & Policy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 14728923
AB  - The article focuses on the effect of learning-by-doing on both the demand and the supply sides. As new technologies enter the marketplace, and as experience is gained in both their production and use, costs tend to decline with each successive doubling of investment or production. This paper examines learning-by-doing for demand-side technologies. Omitting the learning-by-doing demand-side perspective may introduce a bias into technology forecasts. The implications of this observation through the application of a heuristic model that captures the anticipated electricity service demand within the U.S.over the next 30 years have been examined.
KW  - Electric power consumption
KW  - Electric industries
KW  - Electric power distribution
KW  - Learning
KW  - Supply & demand
KW  - Investments
KW  - demand-side technologies
KW  - electricity demand
KW  - forecast bias
KW  - learning-by-doing
KW  - technology investment.
N1  - Accession Number: 14907123; Laitner, John A. 1; Email Address: Laitner.Skip@epa.gov; Sanstad, Alan H. 2; Email Address: ahsanstad@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: EPA Office of Atmospheric Programs, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, MS 6201-J, Washington, DC 20460, USA.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 2 Issue 1/2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Electric power consumption; Thesaurus Term: Electric industries; Thesaurus Term: Electric power distribution; Subject Term: Learning; Subject Term: Supply & demand; Subject Term: Investments; Author-Supplied Keyword: demand-side technologies; Author-Supplied Keyword: electricity demand; Author-Supplied Keyword: forecast bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: learning-by-doing; Author-Supplied Keyword: technology investment.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523999 Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523930 Investment Advice; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gall, Ken
AU  - Biallas, Gerhard
AU  - Maier, Hans J.
AU  - Gullett, Phil
AU  - Horstemeyer, Mark F.
AU  - McDowell, David L.
AU  - Fan, Jinghong
T1  - In-situ observations of high cycle fatigue mechanisms in cast AM60B magnesium in vacuum and water vapor environments
JO  - International Journal of Fatigue
JF  - International Journal of Fatigue
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 01421123
AB  - We present in situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations regarding the formation and propagation of small fatigue cracks in cast AM60B magnesium. Using an environmental SEM, observations were made in vacuum and in the presence of water vapor at 20 Torr. In the vacuum environment, fatigue cracks in the magnesium formed preferentially at pores, sometimes precluded by observable cyclic slip accumulation. At higher cycle numbers in the vacuum environment, additional cracks were discovered to initiate at persistent slip bands within relatively large magnesium dendrite cells. The propagation behavior of small fatigue cracks (a < 6–10 dendrite cells) was found to depend strongly on both environment and microstructure. Small fatigue cracks in the magnesium cycled under vacuum were discovered to propagate along interdendritic regions, along crystallographic planes, and through the dendrite cells. The preference to choose a given path is driven by the presence of microporosity, persistent slip bands, and slip incompatibilities between adjacent dendrite cells. Fatigue cracks formed more rapidly at certain locations in the water vapor environment compared to the vacuum environment, leading to a smaller total number of cracks in the water vapor environment. The majority of small cracks in magnesium cycled in the water vapor environment propagated straight through the dendrite cells, at a faster rate than the cracks in the vacuum. In the water vapor environment, cracks were observed to grow less frequently through interdendritic regions, even in the presence of microporosity, and cracks did not grow via persistent slip bands. The propagation behavior of slightly larger fatigue cracks (a > 6–10 dendrite cells) was found to be Mode I-dominated in both environments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fatigue is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11320989; Gall, Ken 1; Email Address: kenneth.gall@colorado.edu Biallas, Gerhard 2 Maier, Hans J. 2 Gullett, Phil 3 Horstemeyer, Mark F. 3 McDowell, David L. 4 Fan, Jinghong 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA  2: Lehrstuhl für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), University of Paderborn, 33095 Paderborn, Germany  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: George Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  5: Alfred University, NY, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0142-1123(03)00079-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mescheryakov, Yuri I.
AU  - Divakov, Alexandre K.
AU  - Petrov, Yuri A.
AU  - Cline, Carl F.
T1  - On the dynamic plasticity and strength of polycrystalline beryllium
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - Dynamic deformation and failure behavior of polycrystalline beryllium under uniaxial strain conditions within impactor velocity range of 16–285 m/s are studied by using a light gas gun facility. In the majority of experiments the thicknesses of target and impactor were adjusted to provide spallation. It is found that dynamic failure in tension during spallation is strongly dependent on the plastic instability threshold under compression at the front of compressive pulse. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Brittle and ductile failure
KW  - Plastic instability
KW  - Spallation
KW  - Velocity dispersion
N1  - Accession Number: 11320415; Mescheryakov, Yuri I. 1; Email Address: ymesch@impact.ipme.ru Divakov, Alexandre K. 1 Petrov, Yuri A. 1 Cline, Carl F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of the Mechanical Engineering Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, V.O. Bol`shoi 61, 199178 Saint-Petersburg, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94506-4528, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p17; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Brittle and ductile failure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Velocity dispersion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0734-743X(03)00058-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadau, Kai
AU  - Germann, Timothy C.
AU  - Lomdahl, Peter S.
T1  - LARGE-SCALE MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF 19 BILLION PARTICLES.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 201
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 01291831
AB  - We have performed parallel large-scale molecular-dynamics simulations on the QSC-machine at Los Alamos. The good scalability of the SPaSM code is demonstrated together with its capability of efficient data analysis for enormous system sizes up to 19 000 416 964 particles. Furthermore, we introduce a newly-developed graphics package that renders in a very efficient parallel way a huge number of spheres necessary for the visualization of atomistic simulations. These abilities pave the way for future atomistic large-scale simulations of physical problems with system sizes on the μ-scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics C: Computational Physics & Physical Computation is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - data analysis
KW  - Large-scale
KW  - molecular-dynamics simulations
KW  - sphere rendering
N1  - Accession Number: 13511617; Kadau, Kai 1; Email Address: kkadau@lanl.gov Germann, Timothy C. 2; Email Address: tcg@lanl.gov Lomdahl, Peter S. 1; Email Address: pxl@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B262, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F699, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p193; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large-scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular-dynamics simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: sphere rendering; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barth, Rolf F.
AU  - Grecula, John C.
AU  - Yang, Weilan
AU  - Rotaru, Joan H.
AU  - Nawrocky, Marta
AU  - Gupta, Nilendu
AU  - Albertson, Brent J.
AU  - Ferketich, Amy K.
AU  - Moeschberger, Melvin L.
AU  - Coderre, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Rofstad, Einar K.
T1  - Combination of boron neutron capture therapy and external beam radiotherapy for brain tumors
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 58
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
SN  - 03603016
AB  - : PurposeBoron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been used clinically as a single modality treatment for high-grade gliomas and melanomas metastatic to the brain. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether its efficacy could be enhanced by an X-ray boost administered after BNCT. Two brain tumor models were used, the F98 glioma as a model for primary brain tumors and the MRA 27 human melanoma as a model for metastatic brain tumors.: Methods and materialsFor biodistribution studies, either 105 F98 glioma cells were implanted stereotactically into the brains of syngeneic Fischer rats or 106 MRA 27 melanoma cells were implanted intracerebrally into National Institutes of Health (NIH)-rnu nude rats. Biodistribution studies were performed 11–13 days after implantation of the F98 glioma and 20–24 days after implantation of the MRA 27 melanoma. Animals bearing the F98 glioma received a combination of two boron-containing drugs, sodium borocaptate at a dose of 30 mg/kg and boron phenylalanine (BPA) at a dose of 250 mg/kg. MRA 27 melanoma-bearing rats received BPA (500 mg/kg) containing an equivalent amount of 10B (27 mg B/kg). The drugs were administered by either intracarotid or i.v. injection.: ResultsThe tumor boron concentration after intracarotid injection was ∼50% greater in the F98 glioma and MRA 27 melanoma after intracarotid injection (20.8 and 36.8 μg/g, respectively) compared with i.v. injection (11.2 and 19.5 μg/g, respectively). BNCT was carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Medical Research Reactor ∼14 days after tumor implantation of either the F98 glioma or the MRA 27 melanoma. Approximately 7–10 days after BNCT, subsets of animals were irradiated with 6-MV photons, produced by a linear accelerator at a total dose of 15 Gy, delivered in 5-Gy daily fractions. F98 glioma-bearing rats that received intracarotid or i.v. sodium borocaptate plus BPA, followed 2.5 h later by BNCT and 7–10 days later by X-rays, had similar mean survival times (61 days and 53 days, respectively, p = 0.25), and the non X-irradiated, BNCT-treated animals had a mean survival time of 52 and 40 days, respectively, for intracarotid vs. i.v. injection; the latter was equivalent to that of the irradiated animals. The corresponding survival time for MRA 27 melanoma-bearing rats that received intracarotid or i.v. BPA, followed by BNCT and then X-irradiation, was 75 and 82 days, respectively (p = 0.5), 54 days without X-irradiation (p = 0.0002), 37 days for X-irradiation alone, and 24 days for untreated controls. In contrast to the data obtained with the F98 glioma, MRA 27 melanoma-bearing rats that received i.v. BPA, followed by BNCT, had a highly significant difference in mean survival time compared with the irradiated controls (54 vs. 37 days, p = 0.008).: ConclusionOur data are the first to suggest that a significant therapeutic gain may be obtained when BNCT is combined with an X-ray boost. Additional experimental studies are required to determine the optimal combination of X-radiation and neutron doses and whether it is more advantageous to administer the photon boost before or after BNCT. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLIOMAS
KW  - MELANOMA
KW  - METASTASIS
KW  - BRAIN diseases
KW  - BNCT
KW  - Intracerebral glioma
KW  - Intracerebral melanoma
KW  - X-ray boost
N1  - Accession Number: 11733022; Barth, Rolf F. 1; Email Address: barth.1@osu.edu Grecula, John C. 2 Yang, Weilan 1 Rotaru, Joan H. 1 Nawrocky, Marta 3 Gupta, Nilendu 2 Albertson, Brent J. 2 Ferketich, Amy K. 4 Moeschberger, Melvin L. 4 Coderre, Jeffrey A. 3 Rofstad, Einar K. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA  2: Division of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  4: Division of Epidemiology and Biometrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA  5: Department of Biophysics, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 58 Issue 1, p267; Subject Term: GLIOMAS; Subject Term: MELANOMA; Subject Term: METASTASIS; Subject Term: BRAIN diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: BNCT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intracerebral glioma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intracerebral melanoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray boost; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3016(03)01613-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramratnam, Bharat
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy
AU  - He, Tian
AU  - Chung, Chris
AU  - Simon, Viviana
AU  - Vanderhooven, Jeroen
AU  - Hurley, Arlene
AU  - Zhang, Linqi
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
AU  - Ho, David D.
AU  - Markowtiz, Martin
T1  - Intensification of Antiretroviral Therapy Accelerates the Decay of the HIV-1 Latent Reservoir and Decreases, But Does Not Eliminate, Ongoing Virus Replication.
JO  - JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
JF  - JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 37
SN  - 15254135
AB  - Evaluates whether intensification of standard antiretroviral therapy with abacavir, with or without efavirenz, leads to better viral suppression.  Acceleration rate of HIV-1 decay; Frequency of intermittent viremia; Virus replication during standard antiretroviral therapy.
KW  - VIRUS diseases -- Treatment
KW  - ANTIRETROVIRAL agents
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - SEXUALLY transmitted diseases
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12189407; Ramratnam, Bharat 1; Email Address: BRamratnam@Lifespan.org Ribeiro, Ruy 2 He, Tian 1 Chung, Chris 1 Simon, Viviana 1 Vanderhooven, Jeroen 1 Hurley, Arlene 1 Zhang, Linqi 1 Perelson, Alan S. 2 Ho, David D. 1 Markowtiz, Martin 1; Affiliation:  1: The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: VIRUS diseases -- Treatment; Subject Term: ANTIRETROVIRAL agents; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: SEXUALLY transmitted diseases; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mason, Ralf
AU  - Emerson, John
AU  - Koberstein, Jeffrey T.
T1  - SELF-ADHESION HYSTERESIS IN POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE ELASTOMERS.
JO  - Journal of Adhesion
JF  - Journal of Adhesion
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 80
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 143
SN  - 00218464
AB  - Self-adhesion hysteresis has been investigated in crosslinked poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) lenses using the Johnson, Kendall, and Roberts technique. The experimental conditions involved relatively short contact times for which interchain penetration effects across the interface are minimal. Only lenses that had been extracted in toluene displayed self-adhesion hysteresis. The same lenses demonstrated no adhesion hysteresis when pressed against tethered polystyrene substrates, indicating that hysteresis was caused by surface interactions and not bulk viscoelastic effects. Extraction produces hysteresis by removing the free chains, which normally lubricate the interface, inhibiting the adhesion mechanism. Self-adhesion hysteresis was only observed for networks with a high molecular weight between crosslinks. More tightly crosslinked networks did not display self-adhesion hysteresis, even at extended contact times under load. By inhibiting the hydrosilylation reaction between residual vinyl and silane groups in the PDMS lenses, self-adhesion hysteresis was prevented, suggesting that the formation of chemical crosslinks across the interface caused the observed hysteresis. The molecular weight dependence of the hysteresis can be interpreted in terms of the Lake-Thomas model [1] for fracture in elastomers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Adhesion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADHESION
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - ELASTOMERS
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - HYDROSILYLATION
KW  - CROSSLINKING (Polymerization)
KW  - Chemical crosslinks
KW  - JKR
KW  - Molecular weight effects
KW  - PDMS elastomers
KW  - Self-adhesion hysteresis
N1  - Accession Number: 12253145; Mason, Ralf 1 Emerson, John 2 Koberstein, Jeffrey T. 3; Email Address: jk1191@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 80 Issue 1/2, p119; Subject Term: ADHESION; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: ELASTOMERS; Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: HYDROSILYLATION; Subject Term: CROSSLINKING (Polymerization); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical crosslinks; Author-Supplied Keyword: JKR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular weight effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDMS elastomers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-adhesion hysteresis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 25p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00218460490276858
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nivens, D.E.
AU  - McKnight, T.E.
AU  - Moser, S.A.
AU  - Osbourn, S.J.
AU  - Simpson, M.L.
AU  - Sayler, G.S.
T1  - Bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuits: potentially small, rugged and inexpensive whole-cell biosensors for remote environmental monitoring.
JO  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Applied Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 46
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13645072
AB  - Demonstrates the integration of the bioreporters with complementary metal oxide semiconductor photodiode-integrated circuits.  Overview of the bioluminescent bioreporter technology; Development of integrated circuits for bioluminescent bioreporter detection; Future challenges for real-time in situ bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit environmental monitoring.
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Microbiology
KW  - Metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Photodiodes
KW  - Bioluminescence
N1  - Accession Number: 11701910; Nivens, D.E. 1; McKnight, T.E. 2; Moser, S.A. 1; Osbourn, S.J. 1; Simpson, M.L. 1,2; Sayler, G.S. 1; Email Address: sayler@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee; 2: Molecular-scale Engineering and Nano-scale Technology Group Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p33; Thesaurus Term: Environmental monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Microbiology; Subject Term: Metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Photodiodes; Subject Term: Bioluminescence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02114.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11701910&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myers, S.M.
AU  - Vaandrager, B.L.
AU  - Wampler, W.R.
AU  - Seager, C.H.
T1  - Influence of ambient on hydrogen release from p-type gallium nitride.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
EP  - 83
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Mechanisms of H release from Mg-doped, p-type GaN were investigated in vacuum, in N[sub 2] and O[sub 2] gases, and in electron–cyclotron-resonance N[sub 2] plasmas. Replacing grown-in protium with deuterium (D) and employing sensitive nuclear-reaction analysis allowed the retained concentration to be followed quantitatively over two decades during isothermal heating, illuminating the kinetics of controlling processes. Oxidation attending the O[sub 2] exposures was monitored through nuclear-reaction analysis of [sup 18]O. N[sub 2] gas at atmospheric pressure increases the rate of D release appreciably relative to vacuum. The acceleration produced by O[sub 2] gas is much greater, but is diminished in later stages of the release by oxidation. The N[sub 2] plasma employed in these studies had no resolvable effect. We argue that surface desorption is rate controlling in the D release, and that it occurs by D–D recombination and the formation of N–D and O–D species. Our results are quantitatively consistent with a theoretical model wherein the bulk solution is in equilibrium with surface states from which desorption occurs by processes that are both first and second order in surface coverage. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11713091; Myers, S.M. 1; Email Address: smmyers@sandia.gov Vaandrager, B.L. 1 Wampler, W.R. 1 Seager, C.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p76; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1629135
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suenaga, M.
AU  - Li, Q.
AU  - Ye, Z.
AU  - Iwakuma, M.
AU  - Toyota, K.
AU  - Funaki, F.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Clem, John R.
T1  - Thickness dependence of ac losses in circular disks of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7] films in perpendicular magnetic fields.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 208
EP  - 213
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The ac losses in three disk-shaped YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7] (YBCO) films, which were deposited on SrTiO[sub 3] by the pulsed-laser-deposition technique and had thicknesses, d, of 0.2, 1.0, and 3.0 μm, were measured in perpendicular applied ac magnetic fields to ∼0.14 T at 10 Hz in liquid nitrogen. The losses at low fields were found to be a strong function of the film thickness. The measured losses were compared with the theoretically calculated losses. The ac losses calculated using a field-independent critical-current density, the Bean model [J. R. Clem and A. Sanchez, Phys. Rev. B 50, 9355 (1994)], agreed very well with the 0.2-μm-thick film, while the calculated losses agreed well with the measured ones when a field-dependent critical-current density, the Kim model [D. V. Shantsev, Y. M. Galperin, and T. H. Johansen, Phys. Rev. B 61, 9699 (2000)], was used for the films of thickness 1.0 and 3.0 μm. However, a surprising discrepancy was found in the values of B[sub c] and B[sub 0] for thinner YBCO films depending on whether they were determined by ac or dc measurements. B[sub c] is defined as B[sub c]=μ[sub 0]J[sub c](0)d/2, B[sub 0] is the characteristic field in the Kim-model critical-current density J[sub cK](B[sub a])=J[sub c](0)/(1+B[sub a]/B[sub 0]), and J[sub c](0) is the critical-current density at applied magnetic field B[sub a]=0. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THICKNESS measurement
KW  - ALTERNATING currents
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR films
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - MODELS & modelmaking
N1  - Accession Number: 11713071; Suenaga, M. 1; Email Address: mas@bnl.gov Li, Q. 1 Ye, Z. 1 Iwakuma, M. 2 Toyota, K. 2 Funaki, F. 2 Foltyn, S.R. 3 Wang, H. 3 Clem, John R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York  2: Research Institute of Superconductivity, Kyushu University, Japan  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  4: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p208; Subject Term: THICKNESS measurement; Subject Term: ALTERNATING currents; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR films; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: MODELS & modelmaking; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630695
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levine, Zachary H.
AU  - Grantham, Steven
AU  - Paterson, David J.
AU  - McNulty, Ian
AU  - Noyan, I.C.
AU  - Levin, T.M.
T1  - Imaging material components of an integrated circuit interconnect.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
EP  - 407
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Two regions of interest on a copper/tungsten integrated circuit interconnect were imaged using two techniques: (a) the absorption spectrum was measured at 15 x-ray energies between 1687 and 1897 eV, and (b) the x-ray fluorescence spectrum was recorded with incident photon energies of 1822, 1797, and 1722 eV. The energies were chosen to optionally excite tungsten and tantalum above their M[sub 5] edges yet stay below the silicon K edge. Four materials in the circuits, tantalum, tungsten, silica, and copper were mapped using both techniques. The two sets of images agree in their main features, but differ for finer features. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - COPPER
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SILICA
N1  - Accession Number: 11713039; Levine, Zachary H. 1; Email Address: zlevine@nist.gov Grantham, Steven 1 Paterson, David J. 2 McNulty, Ian 2 Noyan, I.C. 3 Levin, T.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  3: TJ Watson Research Center, IBM, Yorktown Heights, New York; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p405; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SILICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1631067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strachan, Alejandro
T1  - Normal modes and frequencies from covariances in molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo simulations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We propose a simple method to obtain normal modes (NMs) and their characteristic frequencies from molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo simulations at any temperature. The resulting NM are consistent with the vibrational density of states (DOS) (every feature of the DOS can be attributed to one or few NMs). At low temperatures they coincide with the ones obtained from the Hessian matrix. We define the NMs (ρ[subi]) by imposing the condition that their velocities be uncorrelated to each other: [This equation cannot be represented into ASCII text.], where ‹› denotes time average and δ[subij] is Kronecker’s delta. With this definition the modes are the eigenvectors of the matrix K[supv][subij] = 1/2‹√m[subi]m[subj]v[subi]v[subj]›[i, j = 1,. . . ,3N (N being the number of atoms); m are masses and v atomic velocities]. The eigenvalues of K[supv][subij], λ[sup0][subj], represent the kinetic energy in each NM. The ratio between the eigenvalues (λ[supv][subi]) and those obtained using positions (λ[supr][subi]), accelerations (λ[supa][subi]) in K[supv][subij] instead of velocities are a very good approximation to the mode frequencies: 2πv[subi]∼(λ[supv][subi]/ λ[supx][subi])[sup(1/2)]∼( λ[supa][subi]/ λ[supx][subi])[sup(1/4)]. We demonstrate the new method using with two cases: an isolated water molecule and a crystalline polymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - CRYSTALLINE polymers
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
N1  - Accession Number: 11762350; Strachan, Alejandro 1; Email Address: strachan@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE polymers; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635364
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11762350&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, R. B.
AU  - Rasmussen, K. ∅.
AU  - Lookman, T.
T1  - Improved convergence in block copolymer self-consistent field theory by Anderson mixing.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 34
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A modification to real space polymeric self-consistent field theory algorithms that greatly improves the convergence properties is presented. The method is based on Anderson mixing [D. G. Anderson, J. Assoc. Comput. Mach. 12, 547 (1965)], and each iteration computed takes negligibly longer to perform than with other methods, but the number of iterations required to reach a high accuracy solution is greatly reduced. No a priori knowledge of possible phases is required to apply this method. We apply our approach to a standard diblock copolymer melt, and demonstrate iteration reductions of more than a factor of 5 in some cases. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - BLOCK copolymers
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ANDERSON, G.
N1  - Accession Number: 11762344; Thompson, R. B. 1; Email Address: rthompson@lanl.gov Rasmussen, K. ∅. 1 Lookman, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: BLOCK copolymers; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: POLYMERS; People: ANDERSON, G.; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1629673
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11762344&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grossman, Jeffrey C.
AU  - Schwegler, Eric
AU  - Draeger, Erik W.
AU  - Gygi, François
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - Towards an assessment of the accuracy of density functional theory for first principles simulations of water.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
EP  - 311
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A series of Car–Parrinello (CP) molecular dynamics simulations of water are presented, aimed at assessing the accuracy of density functional theory in describing the structural and dynamical properties of water at ambient conditions. We found negligible differences in structural properties obtained using the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof or the Becke–Lee–Yang–Parr exchange and correlation energy functionals; we also found that size effects, although not fully negligible when using 32 molecule cells, are rather small. In addition, we identified a wide range of values of the fictitious electronic mass (μ) entering the CP Lagrangian for which the electronic ground state is accurately described, yielding trajectories and average properties that are independent of the value chosen. However, care must be exercised not to carry out simulations outside this range, where structural properties may artificially depend on μ. In the case of an accurate description of the electronic ground state, and in the absence of proton quantum effects, we obtained an oxygen–oxygen correlation function that is overstructured compared to experiment, and a diffusion coefficient which is approximately ten times smaller. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - LAGRANGIAN functions
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 11762312; Grossman, Jeffrey C. 1; Email Address: grossman3@llnl.gov Schwegler, Eric 1 Draeger, Erik W. 1 Gygi, François 1 Galli, Giulia 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 1, p300; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: LAGRANGIAN functions; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 22 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630560
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11762312&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
T1  - Variational grid adaptation based on the minimization of local truncation error: time-independent problems
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 193
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A new approach to grid adaptation is presented. The method is based on two established foundations. First, the method is based upon variational grid adaptation, retaining all the well-known properties of robustness and regularity. Second, the adaptation method presented here is based on a general definition of the error detector obtained from the moving finite element (MFE) method. The error detector is general, applicable to any given problem, and does not require any a priori knowledge of the solution or of the physical behaviour of the system under investigation. The primary theoretical contribution of the present work is in establishing a link between various adaptation methods previously regarded as different and unrelated. We show that they all derive from the same approach and are all equivalent in the sense that the same grid is generated by all of them for the same problem, once the monitor functions are chosen according to our approach. The primary practical contribution of the present work is in prescribing a rigorous monitor function for previously published adaptation strategies. The choice proposed here is shown to outperform previous heuristic choices. The method is tested in a series of elliptic problems, where the adaptation strategy presented here can improve the accuracy by orders of magnitude. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - ROBUST control
KW  - HEURISTIC
KW  - FINITE element method
N1  - Accession Number: 11319457; Lapenta, Giovanni 1; Email Address: lapenta@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 193 Issue 1, p159; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: ROBUST control; Subject Term: HEURISTIC; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.08.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11319457&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, G.H.
T1  - An iterative Riemann solver for systems of hyperbolic conservation laws, with application to hyperelastic solid mechanics
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 193
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
SN  - 00219991
AB  - In this paper, we present a general iterative method for the solution of the Riemann problem for hyperbolic systems of PDEs. The method is based on the multiple shooting method for free boundary value problems. We demonstrate the method by solving one-dimensional Riemann problems for hyperelastic solid mechanics. Even for conditions representative of routine laboratory conditions and military ballistics, dramatic differences are seen between the exact and approximate Riemann solution. The greatest discrepancy arises from misallocation of energy between compressional and thermal modes by the approximate solver, resulting in nonphysical entropy and temperature estimates. Several pathological conditions arise in common practice and modifications to the method to handle these are discussed. These include points where genuine nonlinearity is lost, degeneracies, and eigenvector deficiencies that occur upon melting. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIEMANN-Hilbert problems
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - Elasticity
KW  - Godunov method
KW  - Hyperelasticity
KW  - Riemann solver
KW  - Shock waves
KW  - Solid mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 11319459; Miller, G.H. 1,2; Email Address: grgmiller@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Applied Numerical Algorithms Group, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 193 Issue 1, p198; Subject Term: RIEMANN-Hilbert problems; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Godunov method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperelasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Riemann solver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid mechanics; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.08.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11319459&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aslam, Tariq D.
T1  - A partial differential equation approach to multidimensional extrapolation
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 193
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 00219991
AB  - In this short note, a general methodology for multidimensional extrapolation is presented. The approach assumes a level set function exists which separates the region of known values from the region to be extrapolated. It is shown that arbitrary orders of polynomial extrapolation can be formulated by simply solving a series of linear partial differential equations (PDEs). Examples of constant, linear and quadratic extrapolation are given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - SET theory
KW  - Extrapolation
KW  - Level set
KW  - Partial differential equation
N1  - Accession Number: 11319466; Aslam, Tariq D. 1; Email Address: aslam@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 193 Issue 1, p349; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: SET theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extrapolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Level set; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial differential equation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.08.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11319466&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shan, Chao
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur
T1  - An analytical solution for estimating percolation rate by fitting temperature profiles in the vadose zone
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 68
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 01697722
AB  - We present a simple analytical solution for one-dimensional steady heat transfer with convection and conduction through a multilayer system such as a vadose zone. We assume that each layer is homogeneous and has a constant thermal diffusivity. The mass/heat flow direction is perpendicular to the layers, and the mass flow rate is a constant. The analytical solution presented in this study also assumes constant known temperatures at the two boundaries of the system. Although the analytical solution gives the temperature as a function of a few parameters, we focus on the inverse application to estimate the percolation rate in a vadose zone. Example applications have shown that with reliable field observation data, the solution can be used to determine the percolation rate to high degree of accuracy (e.g., to mm/year). In some other cases, the solution may also be helpful in characterizing potential lateral flow along layer divides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - Percolation
KW  - Analytical solution
KW  - One dimensional
KW  - Percolation rate
KW  - Vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 11769394; Shan, Chao; Email Address: c_shan@lbl.gov; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 90-1116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 68 Issue 1/2, p83; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Heat transfer; Subject Term: Percolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical solution; Author-Supplied Keyword: One dimensional; Author-Supplied Keyword: Percolation rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00126-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11769394&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinez-Frias, Joel
AU  - Aceves, Salvador M.
AU  - Smith, J. Ray
AU  - Brandt, Harry
T1  - Thermodynamic Analysis of Zero-Atmospheric Emissions Power Plant.
JO  - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power
JF  - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 2
EP  - 8
SN  - 07424795
AB  - This paper presents a theoretical thermodynamic analysis of a zero-atmospheric emissions power plant. In this power plant, methane is combusted with oxygen in a gas generator to produce the working fluid for the turbines. The combustion produces a gas mixture composed of steam and carbon dioxide. These gases drive multiple turbines to produce electricity. The turbine discharge gases pass to a condenser where water is captured. A stream of pure carbon dioxide then results that can be used for enhanced oil recovery or for sequestration. The analysis considers a complete power plant layout, including an air separation unit, compressors and intercoolers for oxygen and methane compression, a gas generator, three steam turbines, a reheater, two preheaters, a condenser, and a pumping system to pump the carbon dioxide to the pressure required for sequestration. This analysis is based on a 400 MW electric power generating plant that uses turbines that are currently under development by a U.S. turbine manufacturer. The high-pressure turbine operates at a temperature of 1089 K (1500°F) with uncooled blades, the intermediate-pressure turbine operates at 1478 K (2200°F) with cooled blades and the low-pressure turbine operates at 998 K (1336°F). The power plant has a net thermal efficiency of 46.5%. This efficiency is based on the lower heating value of methane, and includes the energy necessary for air separation and for carbon dioxide separation and sequestration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - METHANE
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - TURBINES
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - GASES
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12888393; Martinez-Frias, Joel 1; Email Address: martinezfriasl@llnl.gov Aceves, Salvador M. 1 Smith, J. Ray 1 Brandt, Harry 2; Email Address: hbrandt@cleanenergysystems.com; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-644, Livermore, CA 94551  2: Clean Energy Systems, Inc., 2530 Mercantile Drive, Suite A, Rancho Cordova, CA 95742; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p2; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: TURBINES; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1635399
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12888393&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, A. G.
AU  - Maloney, Daniel J.
AU  - Day, William H.
T1  - Humid Air NOx Reduction Effect on Liquid Fuel Combustion.
JO  - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power
JF  - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 74
SN  - 07424795
AB  - An experimental investigation was carried out at DOE NETL on the humid air combustion process using liquid fuel to determine the effects of humidity on pollutant emissions and flame stability. Tests were conducted at pressures of up to 100 psia (690 kPa), and a typical inlet air temperature of 860°F (733 K). The emissions and RMS pressures were documented for a relatively wide range of flame temperature from 2440-3090°F (1610-1970 K) with and without added humidity. The results show more than 90% reduction of NOx through 10% humidity addition to the compressed air compared with the dry case at the same flame temperature. The substantial reduction of NOx is due to a shift in the chemical mechanisms and cannot be explained by flame temperature reduction due to added moisture since the comparison was made for the same flame temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - HUMIDITY
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - FLAME
KW  - COMPRESSED air
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - MOISTURE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 12888403; Chen, A. G. 1; Email Address: chenag@utrc.utc.com Maloney, Daniel J. 2; Email Address: daniel.daloney@netl.doe.gov Day, William H. 3; Email Address: dayw@pweh.com; Affiliation:  1: United Technologies Research Center, 411 Silver Lane, MS 129-16, East Hartford, CT 06108  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, 3610 Collins-Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880  3: Manager, Advanced Engine Programs, Pratt & Whitney Power Systems, Inc., 411 Silver Lane, Mail Stop 129-54, East Hartford, CT 06108; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p69; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: HUMIDITY; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: COMPRESSED air; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Subject Term: MOISTURE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1615255
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12888403&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Richard M.
T1  - A Two-Property Yield, Failure (Fracture) Criterion for Homogeneous, Isotropic Materials.
JO  - Journal of Engineering Materials & Technology
JF  - Journal of Engineering Materials & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
EP  - 52
SN  - 00944289
AB  - A critical review is given of the various historical attempts to formulate a general, threedimensional theory of failure for broad classes of homogeneous, isotropic elastic materials. Following that, a recently developed two-parameter yield/failure criterion is compared with the historical efforts and it is further interpreted and extended. Specifically, the yield/failure criterion is combined with a fracture restriction that places limits on certain tensile stress states, without involving any additional parameters. An evaluation is conducted using available experimental data obtained from a variety of materials types. The two materials parameters are given a primary designation as yield type properties over a specified range of ductile behavior, and as failure or fracture type properties over the complementary brittle range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Engineering Materials & Technology is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL failures
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
N1  - Accession Number: 12355064; Christensen, Richard M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Honorary Mem. ASME Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA and Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL failures; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1631024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12355064&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Jia
AU  - Guttikunda, Sarath K.
AU  - Carmichael, Gregory R.
AU  - Streets, David G.
AU  - Chang, Young-Soo
AU  - Fung, Virginia
T1  - Quantifying the human health benefits of curbing air pollution in Shanghai
JO  - Journal of Environmental Management
JF  - Journal of Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 70
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 03014797
AB  - Urban development in the mega-cities of Asia has caused detrimental effects on the human health of its inhabitants through air pollution. However, averting these health damages by investing in clean energy and industrial technologies and measures can be expensive. Many cities do not have the capital to make such investments or may prefer to invest that capital elsewhere. In this article, we examine the city of Shanghai, China, and perform an illustrative cost/benefit analysis of air pollution control. Between 1995 and 2020 we expect that Shanghai will continue to grow rapidly. Increased demands for energy will cause increased use of fossil fuels and increased emissions of air pollutants. In this work, we examine emissions of particles smaller than 10 μm in diameter (PM10), which have been associated with inhalation health effects. We hypothesize the establishment of a new technology strategy for coal-fired power generation after 2010 and a new industrial coal-use policy. The health benefits of pollution reduction are compared with the investment costs for the new strategies. The study shows that the benefit-to-cost ratio is in the range of 1–5 for the power-sector initiative and 2–15 for the industrial-sector initiative. Thus, there appear to be considerable net benefits for these strategies, which could be very large depending on the valuation of health effects in China today and in the future. This study therefore provides economic grounds for supporting investments in air pollution control in developing cities like Shanghai. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Management is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Pollution control industry
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Asia
KW  - China
KW  - Air pollution control
KW  - Human health benefits
KW  - Particulate matter
KW  - PM10
KW  - Shanghai
N1  - Accession Number: 12100436; Li, Jia 1; Guttikunda, Sarath K. 2; Carmichael, Gregory R. 2; Streets, David G. 3; Email Address: dstreets@anl.gov; Chang, Young-Soo 3; Fung, Virginia 4; Affiliations: 1: Center for Clean Air Policy. Washington, DC, USA; 2: Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; 3: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 4: Global Greenlife Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1, p49; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Pollution control industry; Thesaurus Term: Cost effectiveness; Subject: Asia; Subject: China; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air pollution control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human health benefits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM10; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shanghai; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2003.10.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12100436&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shendell, Derek G.
AU  - Winer, Arthur M.
AU  - Stock, Thomas H.
AU  - Lin Zhang
AU  - Junfeng (Jim) Zhang
AU  - Maberti, Silvia
AU  - Colome, Steven D.
T1  - Air concentrations of VOCs in portable and traditional classrooms: Results of a pilot study in Los Angeles County.
JO  - Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology
JF  - Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
EP  - 59
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 10534245
AB  - Recent state and federal public school class-size reduction initiatives, increased elementary and pre-K enrollment driven by population growth and immigration, and limited resources for capital projects, modernization, and maintenance at aging schools have increased the prevalence of prefabricated, portable classrooms (portables). At present, approximately one of three California students are taught in portables, whose use is especially prevalent in more populated counties such as Los Angeles, home to the nation's second largest school district. Limited data existed on chemical compound air concentrations, and thus exposures, inside American public schools. Measurements have been limited, usually performed in complaint schools, and varied in sampling protocols and analysis methods. To address a school environment and children's health issue of present concern, an assessment of public school portables was conducted in Los Angeles County. Seven schools in two school districts were recruited, from which 20 classrooms - 13 portables, seven in main buildings - were randomly selected. We report indoor air concentrations of 21 target toxic and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, measured with passive samplers (DNSH PAKS and 3M OVM 3500) in the cooling and heating seasons between June 2000 and June 2001. None of the measured indoor air formaldehyde concentrations exceeded the existing California Air Resources Board guideline (50?ppb, or 60?µg/m3). The main sources of aldehydes in classrooms, especially portables, were likely interior finish materials and furnishings made of particleboard without lamination. Indoor air VOC concentrations were generally low in this pilot study. The four most prevalent VOCs measured were toluene, m-/p-xylene, a-pinene, and d-limonene; likely indoor sources were personal, teaching, and cleaning products. Future schools research should attempt larger samples over larger geographical areas.Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology (2004) 14, 44-59. doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500297 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLATILE organic compounds
KW  - CHILDREN -- Health
KW  - PASSIVE components
KW  - ALDEHYDES
KW  - CLASSROOMS
KW  - LOS Angeles (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11980251; Shendell, Derek G. 1,2; Email Address: dgshendell@lbl.gov Winer, Arthur M. 1 Stock, Thomas H. 3 Lin Zhang 4 Junfeng (Jim) Zhang 4 Maberti, Silvia 3 Colome, Steven D. 5; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences and Engineering Program, UCLA School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Drive, South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA.  2: Indoor Environments Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720-8132, USA.  3: Environmental Sciences Discipline, University of Texas-Houston Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, PO Box 20186, Houston, TX 77225, USA.  4: Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (UMDNJ and Rutgers University), 170 Frelinghuysen Road. Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.  5: Integrated Environmental Sciences, 5319 University Drive, #430, Irvine, CA 92612-2938, USA.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p44; Subject Term: VOLATILE organic compounds; Subject Term: CHILDREN -- Health; Subject Term: PASSIVE components; Subject Term: ALDEHYDES; Subject Term: CLASSROOMS; Subject Term: LOS Angeles (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.jea.7500297
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lobscheid, Agnes B.
AU  - Maddalena, Randy L.
AU  - Mckone, Thomas E.
T1  - Contribution of locally grown foods in cumulative exposure assessments.
JO  - Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology
JF  - Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 73
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 10534245
AB  - Both laboratory and field studies confirm the importance of vegetation for scavenging semivolatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) from the atmosphere and a number of exposure studies have found that the dietary pathway is often a significant contributor to cumulative exposure for these chemicals. However, little information exists on the atmospheric source-to-dietary intake linkage for SVOCs. Because of higher SVOC emissions to urban regions, this linkage is particularly important for foods that are grown, distributed and consumed in or near urban regions. The food pathway can also contribute to dietary exposure for populations that are remote from a pollutant source if the pollutants can migrate to agricultural regions and subsequently to the agricultural commodities distributed to that population. We use available data, the characteristic travel distance, and the CalTOX multimedia model framework to assess the contribution of local sources of food to cumulative SVOC intake. Based on published concentration data for foods, our exposure calculations indicate that the potential intake through ingestion can be up to 1000 times that of inhalation for certain persistent SVOCs. We use the population-based intake fraction (iF) to determine how SVOC intake can vary among food commodities and exposure pathways, and to determine the contribution of airborne emitted SVOCs to the diet in the Northern Hemisphere. We focus on three representative multimedia SVOCs-benzo(a)pyrene, fluoranthene, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. The approach presented here provides a useful framework and starting point for source-to-intake assessments for the ambient air-to-dietary exposure pathway.Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology (2004) 14, 60-73. doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500306 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLATILE organic compounds
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - AGRICULTURAL chemicals
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - FARM supplies
KW  - FOOD
N1  - Accession Number: 11980249; Lobscheid, Agnes B. 1,2; Email Address: ablobscheid@lbl.gov Maddalena, Randy L. 2 Mckone, Thomas E. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90-3058, Berkeley, California, USA.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p60; Subject Term: VOLATILE organic compounds; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: AGRICULTURAL chemicals; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: FARM supplies; Subject Term: FOOD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418390 Agricultural chemical and other farm supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444220 Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.jea.7500306
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Xiaomei
AU  - Schielke, Erika G.
AU  - Grace, Karen M.
AU  - Hassell, Christian
AU  - Marrone, Babetta L.
AU  - Nolan, John P.
T1  - Microsphere-based duplexed immunoassay for influenza virus typing by flow cytometry
JO  - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 284
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
SN  - 00221759
AB  - We have developed a rapid, duplexed microsphere-based immunoassay for the characterization of influenza virus types that has the potential to overcome many of the limitations of current detection methods. The assay uses microspheres of two sizes, each coupled to an influenza type A- or type B-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb), to capture influenza viruses in the sample. A cocktail of fluorescently labeled, influenza-specific polyclonal antibodies then binds the captured viruses. The sandwich complexes are measured using a multiparameter flow cytometer. The assay can distinguish between influenza types A and B in a single reaction with good reproducibility and high sensitivity. Detection sensitivity is much higher than that of commercially available influenza diagnosis quick kits: the FLU OIA (Thermo Biostar) kit and the Directigen Flu A+B kit (Becton Dickinson). The multiplexing capabilities of the current assay, which are not possible with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the commercially available kits, reduce sample handling and consume fewer costly reagents. This assay represents a more efficient and sensitive method of characterizing influenza types. With inclusion of influenza subtype-specific antibodies as capture antibodies, this microsphere-based immunoassay can be expanded to differentiate among influenza types and subtypes in a single reaction to improve world-wide influenza surveillance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Immunological Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSPHERES
KW  - INFLUENZA viruses
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - FLOW cytometry
KW  - 1-ethyl-3-(3dimethyaminopropyl) carbodiimide–HCl (EDC)
KW  - 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES)
KW  - bovine serum albumin (BSA)
KW  - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - hemagglutinin (HA)
KW  - Immunoassay
KW  - immunofluorescence (IF)
KW  - influenza (Flu)
KW  - Influenza virus
KW  - Microspheres
KW  - monoclonal antibody (MAb)
KW  - Multiplex
KW  - N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)
KW  - neuraminidase (NA)
KW  - phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)
KW  - phycoerythrin (PE)
KW  - polyclonal antibody (PAb)
KW  - polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
N1  - Accession Number: 11959234; Yan, Xiaomei 1; Email Address: yan@lanl.gov Schielke, Erika G. 1 Grace, Karen M. 2 Hassell, Christian 3 Marrone, Babetta L. 1 Nolan, John P. 1; Email Address: nolan_john_p@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, MS M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Nonproliferation and International Security Division, MS D448, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Chemistry Division, MS K484, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 284 Issue 1/2, p27; Subject Term: MICROSPHERES; Subject Term: INFLUENZA viruses; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: FLOW cytometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1-ethyl-3-(3dimethyaminopropyl) carbodiimide–HCl (EDC); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES); Author-Supplied Keyword: bovine serum albumin (BSA); Author-Supplied Keyword: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow cytometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: hemagglutinin (HA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Immunoassay; Author-Supplied Keyword: immunofluorescence (IF); Author-Supplied Keyword: influenza (Flu); Author-Supplied Keyword: Influenza virus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microspheres; Author-Supplied Keyword: monoclonal antibody (MAb); Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiplex; Author-Supplied Keyword: N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS); Author-Supplied Keyword: neuraminidase (NA); Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); Author-Supplied Keyword: phycoerythrin (PE); Author-Supplied Keyword: polyclonal antibody (PAb); Author-Supplied Keyword: polymerase chain reaction (PCR); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jim.2003.09.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11959234&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Zhongmin
AU  - Wu, Y.Q.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Smith, Benjamin R.
AU  - Ma, Bao-Min
AU  - Huang, Mei-Qing
T1  - A study on the role of Nb in melt-spun nanocrystalline Nd–Fe–B magnets
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 268
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The effect of Nb substitution on the thermal stability of melt-spun powders with near stoichiometric 2:14:1 composition of Nd12Fe82−xNbxB6 (<f>x=0</f>, 1.5 and 3) has been investigated. It has been found that the thermal stability is significantly improved with 1.5 at% Nb substitution. As compared with the ternary Nd12Fe82B6, the Nb-substituted Nd12Fe80.5Nb1.5B6 powder exhibits remarkably increased coercivity (<f>Hci</f>) over a wide temperature range of 22–180°C. The temperature coefficient of coercivity (<f>β</f>) is reduced from −0.36%/°C at <f>x=0</f> to −0.32%/°C at <f>x=1.5</f>. As a result of improved coercivity and its temperature dependence, the irreversible flux aging loss (<f>δirr</f>), measured on the epoxy bonded magnets after being exposed at 180°C for 100 h, is also significantly decreased from −13.7% at <f>x=0</f> to −5.0% with <f>x=1.5</f>. Microstructure studies using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy have shown a significant microstructure refinement with Nb substitution. Nb substitution also increases the amount of <f>α</f>-Fe phase in the alloys. For <f>x=0</f>, the average grain size of the magnetically soft phase (<f>α</f>-Fe) is 15 nm, while the hard phase (Nd2Fe14B) has an average grain size of 30 nm. The soft and hard magnetically phases are reduced to <10 and 10–20 nm, respectively for <f>x=1.5</f> and <f>3</f>. Enriched Nb along the grain boundaries is believed to be the main reason for the observed improved thermal stability in Nb-substituted powders. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - MELT spinning
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - 68.37.Lp
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Nanocrystalline magnet
KW  - Nb
KW  - Thermal stability
N1  - Accession Number: 11252127; Chen, Zhongmin 1 Wu, Y.Q. 2; Email Address: yqwu@ameslab.gov Kramer, M.J. 2 Smith, Benjamin R. 1 Ma, Bao-Min 1 Huang, Mei-Qing 3; Affiliation:  1: Magnequench Technology Center, 9000 Development Drive, PO Box 14827, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-4827, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 136C Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Peterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 268 Issue 1/2, p105; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: MELT spinning; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: 68.37.Lp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal stability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00481-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11252127&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyce, B.L.
AU  - Mehta, A.
AU  - Peters, J.O.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - A Spatially-resolved Synchrotron Diffractior Method for Evaluating Impact-induced Residual Stresses.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan-Sep2004
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 80
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - Turbine engine fatigue failures associated with foreign object damage (FOD are thought to be driven, in part. by the impact-induced residual stresses. The present world summarizes the use of spatially-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction to quantify the residual stresses, residual elastic Poisson strain, and plastic stain of simulated FOD in a Ti-6A1-4V alloy. A 300 × 300 µm low-divergence synchrotron source provides adequate spatial resolution for the interrogation of impact craters 2-6 mm in diameter, while still sampling a sufficient number of grains for monochromatic polycrystalline diffraction experiments. The observed residual stresses are compared to continuum-based numerical predictions. Roth the formation of microcracks at high impact velocities (300 m/s), and the Bauschinger-induced fatigue relaxation of the initial residual stresses must be taken into account to adequately address the driving force for fatigue failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - Foreign object damage
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - Synchrotron
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14951449; Boyce, B.L. 1; Email Address: blboyce@sandia.gov Mehta, A. 2 Peters, J.O. 3 Ritchie, R.O. 4; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Mailstop 0889, Albuquerque NM 87185-0889, USA  2: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park CA 94025, USA  3: Lufthansa Technik AG, HAM WR 124, Weg boim Jäger 193, 22335 Hamburg, Germany  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 62-203, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan-Sep2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1-3, p75; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foreign object damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10238160410001734496
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14951449&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoica, A.D.
AU  - Wang, X.-L.
AU  - Horton, D.J.
AU  - Tian, H.
AU  - Yang, L.
AU  - Richardson, J.W.
AU  - Maxey, E.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Shi, D.
T1  - Neutron Diffraction Study of Fatigue Behaviors in316LN Stainless Steel.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan-Sep2004
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
EP  - 103
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - Time-of-flight neutron diffraction has been used to investigate deformation behaviors due to cyclic loading. A study of 316LN stainless steel shows that in the early stage of fatigue life, grain-orientation dependent intergranular stresses develop quickly and oscillate between two extreme states corresponding to the ends of a tensile or compressive half loading cycle. In the late stage, the intergranular strains vanish for tests ending in tension and remain relatively unchanged for tests ending in compression, which points to the difference in plastic behaviors during tensile and compressive loadings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - STEEL alloys
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - 316 LN Stainless Steel
KW  - Fatigue behaviors
KW  - Neutron diffraction study
KW  - Time-of-flight
N1  - Accession Number: 14951453; Stoica, A.D. 1 Wang, X.-L. 1,2; Email Address: wangxl@ornl.gov Horton, D.J. 1,3 Tian, H. 3 Yang, L. 1,4 Richardson, J.W. 5 Maxey, E. 5 Liaw, P.K. 3 Shi, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  4: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA  5: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan-Sep2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1-3, p99; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: STEEL alloys; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: 316 LN Stainless Steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue behaviors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10238160410001734522
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14951453&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carr, D.G.
AU  - Ripley, M.I.
AU  - Brown, D.W.
AU  - Vogel, S.C.
AU  - Holden, T.M.
T1  - Residual Stresses in a Zircaloy-4 Weld.
JO  - Journal of Neutron Research
JF  - Journal of Neutron Research
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan-Sep2004
VL  - 12
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - 145
PB  - IOS Press
SN  - 10238166
AB  - The macroscopic stress distribution across a Zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) GTAW weld was measured by time-of-flight neutron diffraction at the SMARTS diffractometer at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Time-of-flight diffraction enabled the measurement of strain for all the available reflections permitted by the rolling texture of the plate and its modification in the weld (melted) and heat-affected zones. Reference lattice spacings were measured on coupons cut from an adjacent section of the weld. A maximum longitudinal stress of 220 ± 40 MPa was observed along the weld centre line, compared with the plate 0.2% proof stress of 390 MPa. A maximum transverse stress of 60 ± 40 MPa was observed on the weld centre-line falling to zero at the edge of the plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neutron Research is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCALOY-2
KW  - ZIRCONIUM alloys
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - Gas tungsten arc welding
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - Time-of-flight neutron diffraction
KW  - Zircaloy-4
N1  - Accession Number: 14951464; Carr, D.G. 1 Ripley, M.I. 1; Email Address: maurice.ripley@ansto.gov.au Brown, D.W. 2 Vogel, S.C. 2 Holden, T.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Australjan Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, PMB 1, Menai NSW 2234, Australia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Northern Stress Technologies, Deep River, Ont., Canada, K0J 1P0; Source Info: Jan-Sep2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1-3, p141; Subject Term: ZIRCALOY-2; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM alloys; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas tungsten arc welding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zircaloy-4; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10238160410001734595
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qian, Maoxu
AU  - Li, Liyu
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Strachan, Denis M.
T1  - Partitioning of gadolinium and its induced phase separation in sodium-aluminoborosilicate glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 333
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Phase separation in sodium-aluminoborosilicate glasses was systematically studied as a function of Gd2O3 concentration with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) methods. Gadolinium-induced phase separation in the glasses can be consistently explained by proposing that Gd cations partition to the borate-rich environments and subsequent agglomeration of the Gd–borate moieties, or short-range ordered structural groups, in the glass. Agglomeration of the Gd–borate rich environments is further discussed within the context of excess metal oxides, [Na2O]ex or [Al2O3]ex=<f>|</f>Na2O–Al2O3<f>|</f>, and excess B2O3, [B2O3]ex, available for incorporating Gd cations. Results showed that agglomeration of the Gd–borate rich environments occurred at a much lower Gd2O3 concentration in the glass without [Na2O]ex or [Al2O3]ex and at a significantly higher Gd2O3 concentration in the glass with either [Na2O]ex or [Al2O3]ex. Assuming 1BO4:1Gd:2BO3 (based on literature-reported Gd–metaborate structure) as a local Gd–borate environment in glass, we introduced the saturation index of boron, SI[B]=Gd2O3/(1/3[B2O3]ex), to examine the glass susceptibility to Gd-induced phase separation for all three alkali-aluminoborosilicate systems. While our results have provided some insight to the glass structure, they also provide insight to the mechanism by which the metal oxide is dissolved into the melt. This appears to occur predominately through boron complexation of the metal oxide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - GLASS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11607558; Qian, Maoxu 1 Li, Liyu 1 Li, Hong; Email Address: hli@ppg.com Strachan, Denis M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 333 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.09.056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, B.C.
AU  - Biswas, R.
T1  - Simulation of hydrogen evolution from nano-crystalline silicon
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 333
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The temperature dependent H-evolution from nano-crystalline silicon is simulated with molecular dynamics. The nano-crystalline silicon model consists of a heterogeneous dispersion of nano-crystallites in an amorphous silicon matrix. An excess H-density occurs at the nano-crystallite surface. Simulations find a low temperature evolution peak at 250–400 °C, where the H-evolution occurs from the surface of the nano-crystallite. In addition there is a higher temperature peak at 700–800 °C. The two-peak feature agrees with H-evolution measurements of H-diluted a-Si:H grown near the phase boundary of crystalline growth. We find that H is released into mobile molecular and bond-centered like configurations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11607563; Pan, B.C. 1,2 Biswas, R. 1; Email Address: biswasr@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Microelectronics Research Center and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 333 Issue 1, p44; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.09.058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zagaris, A.
AU  - Kaper, H. G.
AU  - Kaper, T. J.
T1  - Analysis of the Computational Singular Perturbation Reduction Method for Chemical Kinetics.
JO  - Journal of Nonlinear Science
JF  - Journal of Nonlinear Science
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 91
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09388974
AB  - This article is concerned with the asymptotic accuracy of the Computational Singular Perturbation (CSP) method developed by Lam and Goussis [The CSP method for simplifying kinetics, Int. J. Chem. Kin. 26 (1994) 461–486] to reduce the dimensionality of a system of chemical kinetics equations. The method, which is generally applicable to multiple-time scale problems arising in a broad array of scientific disciplines, exploits the presence of disparate time scales to model the dynamics by an evolution equation on a lower-dimensional slow manifold. In this article it is shown that the successive applications of the CSP algorithm generate, order by order, the asymptotic expansion of a slow manifold. The results are illustrated on the Michaelis–Menten–Henri equations of enzyme kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nonlinear Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL learning theory
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - CSP method
KW  - Michaelis–Menten–Henri equations
N1  - Accession Number: 12461351; Zagaris, A. 1; Email Address: azagaris@math.bu.edu Kaper, H. G. 2,3; Email Address: kaper@mcs.anl.gov Kaper, T. J. 1; Email Address: tasso@math.bu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Center for Biodynamics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Division of Mathematical Sciences, National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1025, Arlington, VA 22230; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL learning theory; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: CSP method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Michaelis–Menten–Henri equations; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yilmazbayhan, Aylin
AU  - Motta, Arthur T.
AU  - Comstock, Robert J.
AU  - Sabol, George P.
AU  - Lai, Barry
AU  - Cai, Zhonghou
T1  - Structure of zirconium alloy oxides formed in pure water studied with synchrotron radiation and optical microscopy: relation to corrosion rate
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 324
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A detailed study was undertaken of oxides formed in 360 °C water on four Zr-based alloys (Zircaloy-4, ZIRLO™,<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>ZIRLO is a trademark of Westinghouse Electric Co.</fn>1 Zr–2.5%Nb and Zr–2.5%Nb–0.5%Cu) in an effort to relate oxide structure to corrosion performance. Micro-beam X-ray diffraction was used along with transmitted light optical microscopy to obtain information about the structure of these oxides as a function of distance from the oxide–metal interface. Optical microscopy revealed a layered oxide structure in which the average layer thickness was inversely proportional to the post-transition corrosion rate. The detailed diffraction studies showed an oxide that contained both tetragonal and monoclinic ZrO2, with a higher fraction of tetragonal oxide near the oxide–metal interface, in a region roughly corresponding to one oxide layer. Evidence was seen also of a cyclic variation of the tetragonal and monoclinic oxide across the oxide thickness with a period of the layer thickness. The results also indicate that the final grain size of the tetragonal phase is smaller than that of the monoclinic phase and the monoclinic grain size is smaller in Zircaloy-4 and ZIRLO than in the other two alloys. These results are discussed in terms of a model of oxide growth based on the periodic breakdown and reconstitution of a protective layer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM alloys
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11537070; Yilmazbayhan, Aylin 1 Motta, Arthur T. 1; Email Address: atm2@psu.edu Comstock, Robert J. 2 Sabol, George P. 3 Lai, Barry 4 Cai, Zhonghou 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  2: Science and Technology Department, Westinghouse Electric Co., 1340 Beulah Rd, Pittsburgh, PA, USA  3: Consultant to Westinghouse Electric Co., 1340 Beulah Rd, Pittsburgh, PA, USA  4: Advanced Photon Source, XFD 401 B3194, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 324 Issue 1, p6; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM alloys; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valone, Steven M.
AU  - Baskes, Michael I.
AU  - Stan, Marius
AU  - Mitchell, Terence E.
AU  - Lawson, Andrew C.
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
T1  - Simulations of low energy cascades in fcc Pu metal at 300 K and constant volume
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 324
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Recently progress has been achieved with a modified embedded atom method (MEAM) potential for pure Pu. The MEAM potential is able to capture the most salient features of atomic volume and enthalpy of solid and liquid Pu metal as a function of temperature at zero pressure. The atomic volume difference between monoclinic (α-phase) and fcc (δ-phase) was captured nearly quantitatively. From molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we find that Pu, under these conditions, has an approximately 10 eV minimum displacement threshold energy, very low compared to most other fcc metals, and shows less crystallographic anisotropy in this minimum. At 0 K, the constant volume cell relaxes to a rhombohedrally distorted structure, which is connected to the low minimum displacement threshold energy. Split interstitials orient themselves in a 〈1 0 0〉 direction and migrate over a 0.056 eV barrier. Mono-vacancies migrate over a 0.84–1.00 eV barrier. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ATOMIC volume
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11537073; Valone, Steven M.; Email Address: smv@lanl.gov Baskes, Michael I. 1 Stan, Marius 1 Mitchell, Terence E. 1 Lawson, Andrew C. 1 Sickafus, Kurt E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Structure-Property Relations Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 324 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ATOMIC volume; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.09.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao
AU  - L.
AU  - Lian
AU  - R.
AU  - Shkrob
AU  - I. A.
AU  - Crowell
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Pommeret
AU  - S.
AU  - Chronister
AU  - E. L.
AU  - Liu
AU  - A. D.
AU  - Trifunac
T1  - Ultrafast Studies on the Photophysics of Matrix-Isolated Radical Cations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 31
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Ultrafast relaxation dynamics for photoexcited PAH cations isolated in boric acid glass have been studied using femtosecond and picosecond transient grating spectroscopy. With the exception of perylene+, the recovery kinetics for the ground doublet (D0) states of these radical cations are biexponential, containing fast (<200 fs) and slow (3-20 ps) components. No temperature dependence or isotope effect was observed for the fast component, whereas the slow component exhibits both the H/D isotope effect (1.1-1.3) and a strong temperature dependence (15 to 300 K). We suggest that the fast component is due to internal Dn to D0 conversion and that the slow component is due to vibrational energy transfer (VET) from a hot D0 state to the glass matrix. The observed rapid, efficient deactivation of the photoexcited PAH cations accounts for their remarkable photostability and has important implications for astrochemistry because these cations are the leading candidates for the species responsible for the diffuse interstellar bands (DIB) observed throughout the galaxy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELAXATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11845783; Zhao L. 1 Lian R. 1 Shkrob I. A. 1 Crowell R. A. 1 Pommeret S. 1 Chronister E. L. 1 Liu A. D. 1 Trifunac; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and CEA/Saclay, DSM/DRECAM/SCM/URA 331 CNRS 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: RELAXATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karbowiak
AU  - M.
AU  - Drozdzynski
AU  - J.
AU  - Edelstein
AU  - N. M.
AU  - Hubert
AU  - S.
T1  - Analysis of the Absorption and Emission Spectra of U3+ in CsCdBr3 Single Crystal.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 160
EP  - 170
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Laser selective excitation and emission spectra as well as σ- and π-polarized absorption spectra have been recorded for U3+ ions diluted in a CsCdBr3 host crystal. Three distinct U3+ sites were observed. For the principal site, which was attributed to a symmetric dimer center, 45 crystal-field energy levels in the 0-13250 cm-1 energy range were assigned. These experimentally determined levels were fitted to thirteen parameters of a semiempirical Hamiltonian representing the combined atomic, one-electron crystal field as well as two-particle correlation crystal-field (CCF) operators, with an rms deviation of 41 cm-1. Above 14000 cm-1 strong electric-dipole allowed 5f3-5f26d1 transitions were observed. The lifetime of the 4G7/2 fluorescing level has been measured for each of the three U3+ sites at liquid-helium temperatures and are 2.5, 4.3, and 7.6 μs. The emission is strongly influenced by temperature due to strong phonon coupling of the 5f3 states with the nearby 5f26d1 states. Visible upconversion fluorescence observed when pumping the 4I9/2 - (4F7/2 + 4I15/2) absorption transitions of the principal site A is attributed to excited-state absorption (ESA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
N1  - Accession Number: 11845837; Karbowiak M. 1 Drozdzynski J. 1 Edelstein N. M. 1 Hubert S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 70A-1150, California 94720, and Institut de Physique Nucléaire, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 1, p160; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sorescu
AU  - D. C.
AU  - Sholl
AU  - D. S.
AU  - Cugini
AU  - A. V.
T1  - Density Functional Theory Studies of the Interaction of H, S, Ni-H, and Ni-S Complexes with the MoS2 Basal Plane.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 249
SN  - 15206106
AB  - First principles calculations based on spin-polarized density functional theory and the generalized gradient approximation have been used to study the interaction of atomic and molecular hydrogen and sulfur species with bare and Ni modified MoS2(0001). The calculations employ slab geometries and periodic boundary conditions. Our calculations indicate that H2 can be adsorbed on this surface only when sulfur defect sites are present. In this case a dissociative chemisorption process with an activation barrier of about 22 kcal/mol has been identified. Adsorption of atomic hydrogen is possible on the nondefective surface with binding energies in the range 8-16 kcal/mol. On the sulfur defective surface, the binding energy of atomic hydrogen increases to 62.2 kcal/mol. Similarly, S atoms can adsorb on the bare surface with adsorption energies in the range 33-42 kcal/mol depending on the surface coverage. For the surface with preadsorbed Ni atoms, these atoms can serve as adsorption centers for both Hx and Sx (x = 1,2) species. Additionally, they can assist dissociation of H2 molecules. As a result of hydrogenation or sulfiding, the interaction of Ni adatoms with the surface decreases by as much as 50% relative to the case of bare Ni atoms. In turn, this leads to a decrease of the diffusion barriers of Ni-H and Ni-Sx (x = 1,2) complexes relative to the case of bare Ni atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - NICKEL
N1  - Accession Number: 11845847; Sorescu D. C. 1 Sholl D. S. 1 Cugini A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 1, p239; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: NICKEL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nobrega, Marcelo A.
AU  - Pennacchio, Len A.
T1  - Comparative genomic analysis as a tool for biological discovery.
JO  - Journal of Physiology
JF  - Journal of Physiology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 554
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 39
SN  - 00223751
AB  - The recent completion of the human genome sequence has enabled the identification of a large fraction of our gene catalogue and their physical chromosomal position. However, current efforts lag at defining the cis-regulatory sequences that control the spatial and temporal patterns of each gene's expression. This task remains difficult due to our lack of knowledge of the vocabulary controlling gene regulation and the vast genomic search space, with greater than 95% of our genome being noncoding. Recent comparative genomic-based strategies are beginning to aid in the identification of functional sequences based on their high levels of evolutionary conservation. This has proven successful for comparisons between closely related species such as human-primate or human-mouse, but also holds true for distant evolutionary comparisons, such as human-fish or human-bird. In this review we provide support for the utility of cross-species sequence comparisons by illustrating several applications of this strategy, including the identification of new genes and functional non-coding sequences. We also discuss emerging concepts as this field matures, such as how to properly select which species for comparison, which may differ significantly between independent studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMAN genome
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - GENETIC translation
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 12795404; Nobrega, Marcelo A. 1 Pennacchio, Len A. 1,2; Email Address: lapennacchio@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 554 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: HUMAN genome; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: GENETIC translation; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.050948
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Csanak, George
AU  - Daughton, William
T1  - The application of the single-channel random phase approximation to radiative properties of dense He and Li plasmas
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 83
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 00224073
AB  - We performed single-channel, single-component random phase approximation calculations for dense He and Li plasmas for an electron temperature of <f>kT=10 eV</f>. Results are presented for excitation energies and oscillator strengths for the <f>(1,2)s−np (n=2−5)</f> transitions using both the ion-sphere and ion-correlation (IC) models. Our results indicate that ion correlations are not a significant effect for these systems and conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE rule & equilibrium
KW  - HELIUM plasmas
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
KW  - Atoms in dense plasmas
KW  - Radiative properties
KW  - Random phase approximation
N1  - Accession Number: 10741821; Csanak, George; Email Address: georgec@lanl.gov Daughton, William 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 83 Issue 1, p83; Subject Term: PHASE rule & equilibrium; Subject Term: HELIUM plasmas; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atoms in dense plasmas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random phase approximation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00295-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Ying -X.
AU  - Bie, Li -J.
AU  - Du, Yu
AU  - Lin, Jian -H.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
AU  - Richardson Jr., J.W.
AU  - You, Li -P.
T1  - Hexagonal perovskite-intergrowth manganates: Ln2Ca2MnO7 (Ln=La, Nd and Sm)
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 177
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Two structures, all consisting of alternative stacking of hexagonal perovskite layer and graphite-like Ca2O layer, were identified in Ln2Ca2MnO7 systems (Ln=La, Nd and Sm). La2Ca2MnO7 (1), crystallizing in the space group <f>R3¯m</f> with the lattice constants a=5.62231(7)  A˚ and c=17.3192(4) A˚, contains almost ideal close packed [LnO3] arrays. While for the smaller rare earth cations, e.g., Nd2Ca2MnO7 (2) and Sm2Ca2MnO7 (3), the structure distorts to large unit cell (<f>R3¯,</f> a′=2a and c′=c). Study of the substituted systems, LnLn′Ca2MnO7 (Ln or Ln′=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd) and La2−xSmxCa2MnO7, shows a phase transformation from (1) to (2) at certain value of cation size. The MnO6 octahedra in these compounds are isolated, thus the magnetic property is mainly paramagnetic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Hexagonal perovskite-intergrowth
KW  - Manganate
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Solid-state structures
N1  - Accession Number: 11960755; Wang, Ying -X. 1 Bie, Li -J. 1 Du, Yu 1 Lin, Jian -H. 1; Email Address: jhlin@chem.pku.edu.cn Loong, C.-K. 2 Richardson Jr., J.W. 2 You, Li -P. 3; Affiliation:  1: The State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 177 Issue 1, p65; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hexagonal perovskite-intergrowth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state structures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00310-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Battle, Peter D.
AU  - Burley, Jonathan C.
AU  - Gallon, Daniel J.
AU  - Grey, Clare P.
AU  - Sloan, Jeremy
T1  - Magnetism and structural chemistry of the n=2 Ruddlesden–Popper phase La3LiMnO7
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 177
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Polycrystalline samples of the <f>n=2</f> Ruddlesden–Popper phase La3LiMnO7 have been prepared and characterized. X-ray and neutron diffraction suggest that the structure is tetragonal with a disordered distribution of Li and Mn cations over the octahedral sites, but 6Li MAS NMR shows that the Li and Mn are 1:1 ordered locally. Electron microscopy shows that the stacking of the cation-ordered, perovskite-like bilayers along the crystallographic z-axis is disordered on the distance scale sampled by X-ray and neutron diffraction. Magnetometry data and neutron diffraction data collected at 2 K together suggest that the Mn cations within each structural domain order antiferromagnetically at 14 K, but that the disorder along z prevents the establishment of long-range magnetic order. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Cation order
KW  - Ruddlesden–Popper
KW  - Stacking fault
N1  - Accession Number: 11960761; Battle, Peter D. 1; Email Address: peter.battle@chem.ox.ac.uk Burley, Jonathan C. 2 Gallon, Daniel J. 1 Grey, Clare P. 3 Sloan, Jeremy 1; Affiliation:  1: Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Chemistry Department, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 177 Issue 1, p119; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cation order; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruddlesden–Popper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stacking fault; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00333-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macaluso, Robin T.
AU  - Wells, Daniel M.
AU  - Sykora, Richard E.
AU  - Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E.
AU  - Mar, Arthur
AU  - Nakatsuji, S.
AU  - Lee, H.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
AU  - Chan, Julia Y.
T1  - Structure and electrical resistivity of CeNiSb3
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 177
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The ternary antimonide CeNiSb3 has been prepared from an Sb flux or from reaction of Ce, NiSb, and Sb above 1123 K. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcm with Z=12 and lattice parameters a=12.6340(7) A˚, b=6.2037(3) A˚, and c=18.3698(9) A˚ at 193 K. Its structure consists of buckled square nets of Sb atoms and layers of highly distorted edge- and face-sharing NiSb6 octahedra. Located between the <f>∞2[Sb]</f> and <f>∞2[NiSb2]</f> layers are the Ce atoms, in monocapped square antiprismatic coordination. There is an extensive network of Sb–Sb bonding with distances varying between 3.0 and 3.4 A˚. The structure is related to that of RECrSb3 but with a different stacking of the metal-centered octahedra. Resistivity measurements reveal a shallow minimum near 25 K that is suggestive of Kondo lattice behavior, followed by a sharp decrease below 6 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIMONY
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - Antimonide
KW  - Cerium
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Resistivity
N1  - Accession Number: 11960785; Macaluso, Robin T. 1 Wells, Daniel M. 2 Sykora, Richard E. 2 Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. 2 Mar, Arthur 3 Nakatsuji, S. 4 Lee, H. 4 Fisk, Z. 4 Chan, Julia Y. 1; Email Address: jchan@lsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 177 Issue 1, p293; Subject Term: ANTIMONY; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antimonide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cerium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2003.08.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Da-Jiang Liu
AU  - Pavlenko, N.
AU  - Evans, J. W.
T1  - Crossover Between Mean-Field and Ising Critical Behavior in a Lattice-Gas Reaction-Diffusion Model.
JO  - Journal of Statistical Physics
JF  - Journal of Statistical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 114
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 114
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00224715
AB  - Lattice-gas models for CO oxidation can exhibit a discontinuous nonequilibrium transition between reactive and inactive states, which disappears above a critical CO-desorption rate. Using finite-size-scaling analysis, we demonstrate a crossover from Ising to mean-field behavior at the critical point, with increasing surface mobility of adsorbed CO or with decreasing system size. This behavior is elucidated by analogy with that of equilibrium Ising-type systems with long-range interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Statistical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATTICE gas
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - ISING model
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - Critical behavior
KW  - Ising
KW  - lattice-gas reaction-diffusion model
KW  - mean field
N1  - Accession Number: 16764534; Da-Jiang Liu 1; Email Address: dajiang@fi.ameslab.gov Pavlenko, N. 2 Evans, J. W. 3; Email Address: evans@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3-3a, D-30167, Hannover, Germany  3: Ames Laboratory (USDOE) and Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 114 Issue 1/2, p101; Subject Term: LATTICE gas; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: ISING model; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ising; Author-Supplied Keyword: lattice-gas reaction-diffusion model; Author-Supplied Keyword: mean field; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glaeser, Robert M.
T1  - Historical background: why is it important to improve automated particle selection methods?
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 145
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
SN  - 10478477
AB  - A current trend in single-particle electron microscopy is to compute three-dimensional reconstructions with ever-increasing numbers of particles in the data sets. Since manual—or even semi-automated—selection of particles represents a major bottleneck when the data set exceeds several thousand particles, there is growing interest in developing automatic methods for selecting images of individual particles. Except in special cases, however, it has proven difficult to achieve the degree of efficiency and reliability that would make fully automated particle selection a useful tool. The simplest methods such as cross correlation (i.e., matched filtering) do not perform well enough to be used for fully automated particle selection. Geometric properties (area, perimeter-to-area ratio, etc.) and the integrated “mass” of candidate particles are additional factors that could improve automated particle selection if suitable methods of contouring particles could be developed. Another suggestion is that data be always collected as pairs of images, the first taken at low defocus (to capture information at the highest possible resolution) and the second at very high defocus (to improve the visibility of the particle). Finally, it is emphasized that well-annotated, open-access data sets need to be established in order to encourage the further development and validation of methods for automated particle selection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - AUTOMATION
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11886450; Glaeser, Robert M. 1,2; Email Address: rmglaeser@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3206, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 145 Issue 1/2, p15; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: AUTOMATION; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jsb.2003.09.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terwilliger, Thomas
T1  - SOLVE and RESOLVE: automated structure solution, density modification, and model building.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 52
SN  - 09090495
AB  - Features the software SOLVE and RESOLVE which can carry out all the steps in macromolecular structure solutions, from scaling and heavy-atom location through phasing, density modification and model-building.  Use of a scoring scheme to convert the decision-making in macromolecular structure solution to an optimization problem.
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - DENSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12133071; Terwilliger, Thomas 1; Email Address: terwilliger@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: DENSITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, Paul D.
AU  - Gopal, Kreshna
AU  - Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W.
AU  - Li-Wei Hung
AU  - Ioerger, Thomas R.
AU  - McCoy, Arilie J.
AU  - Moriarty, Nigel W.
AU  - Pai, Reetal K.
AU  - Read, Randy J.
AU  - Romo, Tod D.
AU  - Sacchettini, James C.
AU  - Sauter, Nicholas K.
AU  - Storoni, Laurent C.
AU  - Terwilliger, Thomas C.
T1  - Recent developments in the PHENIX software for automated crystallographic structure determination.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 55
SN  - 09090495
AB  - Describes the developments in the PHENIX software for automated crystallographic structure determination.  Necessary algorithm to proceed from reduced intensity data to a refined molecular model; Facilitation of structure solution for both the novice and expert crystallographer.
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - COMPUTER software
N1  - Accession Number: 12133077; Adams, Paul D. 1; Email Address: PDAdams@lbl.gov Gopal, Kreshna 2 Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W. 1 Li-Wei Hung 3 Ioerger, Thomas R. 2 McCoy, Arilie J. 4 Moriarty, Nigel W. 1 Pai, Reetal K. 2 Read, Randy J. 4 Romo, Tod D. 5 Sacchettini, James C. 5 Sauter, Nicholas K. 1 Storoni, Laurent C. 4 Terwilliger, Thomas C. 6; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, CA  2: Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University  3: Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM, USA  4: Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, UK  5: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, TX, USA  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schoenborn, Benno P.
AU  - Langan, Paul
T1  - Protein crystallography with spallation neutrons.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
EP  - 82
SN  - 09090495
AB  - Provides an overview of protein crystallography with spallation neutrons. Optimization of data quality with best peak to background ratios; Spatial and energy resolution to eliminate peak overlaps; Partially coupled moderator used to increase flux.
KW  - CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 12133488; Schoenborn, Benno P. 1; Email Address: schoenborn@lanl.gov Langan, Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p80; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cadle, Steven H.
AU  - Croes, Bart E.
AU  - Minassian, Fred
AU  - Natarajan, Mani
AU  - Tierney, Eugene J.
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Thirteenth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 23
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The Coordinating Research Council held its thirteenth Vehicle Emissions Workshop in April 2003, when results of the most recent on-road vehicle emissions research were presented. Ongoing work from researchers who are engaged in improving understanding of the contribution of mobile sources to ambient air quality and emission inventories is summarized here. Participants in the workshop discussed efforts to improve mobile source emission models, the role of on-board diagnostic systems in inspection and maintenance programs, light- and heavy-duty vehicle emissions measurements, on- and off-road emissions measurements, effects of fuels and lubricating oils on emissions, as well as topics for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Workshops (Adult education)
N1  - Accession Number: 12406760; Cadle, Steven H. 1; Croes, Bart E. 2; Minassian, Fred 3; Natarajan, Mani 4; Tierney, Eugene J. 5; Lawson, Douglas R. 6; Email Address: doug_lawson@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1: General Motors R&D Center, Warren, Michigan; 2: California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, California; 3: South Coast Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar, California; 4: Marathon Ashland Petroleum, Findlay, Ohio; 5: Air Quality and Modeling Center, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ann Arbor, Michigan; 6: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p8; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Motor vehicles -- Pollution control devices; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject Term: Workshops (Adult education); Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scahill, John
AU  - Wolfrum, Edward J.
AU  - Michener, William E.
AU  - Bergmann, Michael
AU  - Blake, Daniel M.
AU  - Watt, Andrew S.
T1  - A New Method for the Rapid Determination of Volatile Organic Compound Breakthrough Times for a Sorbent at Concentrations Relevant to Indoor Air Quality.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 110
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The use of sorbents has been proposed to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in ambient air at concentrations in the parts-per-billion (ppb) range, which is typical of indoor air quality applications. Sorbent materials, such as granular activated carbon and molecular sieves, are used to remove VOCs from gas streams in industrial applications, where VOC concentrations are typically in the parts-per-million range. A method for evaluating the VOC removal performance of sorbent materials using toluene concentrations in the ppb range is described. Breakthrough times for toluene at concentrations from 2 to 7500 ppb are presented for a hydrophobic molecular sieve at 25% relative humidity. By increasing the ratio of challenge gas flow rate to the mass of the sorbent bed and decreasing both the mass of sorbent in the bed and the sorbent particle size, this method reduces the required experimental times by a factor of up to several hundred compared with the proposed American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers method, ASHRAE 145P, making sorbent performance evaluation for ppb-range VOC removal more convenient. The method can be applied to screen sorbent materials for application in the removal of VOCs from indoor air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Quality
N1  - Accession Number: 12406827; Scahill, John 1; Wolfrum, Edward J. 1; Email Address: ed_wolfrum@nrel.gov; Michener, William E. 1; Bergmann, Michael 1; Blake, Daniel M. 1; Watt, Andrew S. 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p105; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Quality; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loehman, Ronald E.
AU  - Kotula, Paul G.
T1  - Spectral Imaging Analysis of Interfacial Reactions and Microstructures in Brazing of Alumina by a Hf-Ag-Cu Alloy.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 87
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 59
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - A 59Ag·40Cu·1Hf (at.%) alloy that was heated on 99.6% alumina for 30 min at 1000°C in gettered Ar melted, spread, and adhered when cooled to room temperature. Conventional scanning electron microscopic analysis with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDXS) did not detect any reaction products at the interface. Automated X-ray spectral image analysis of the interface region revealed small pockets of a phase containing Hf and O with a stoichiometry equivalent to HfO[sub 2]. Samples for transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis were cut to include specific HfO[sub 2] particles using focused ion beam (FIB) milling. TEM images showed that the particles were 10 to 100 nm in diameter and embedded in the alumina grains at the interface with the alloy. Based on the measured stoichiometry, electron diffraction analysis in the transmission electron microscope, and a standard Gibbs energy of reaction of ΔG° = -203.3 kJ at 1300 K for the reaction 3Hf + 2Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] → 3HfO[sub 2] + 4Al, the particles are judged to be HfO[sub 2] that formed from simple redox reaction between Hf and Al[sub 2]O[sub 3]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - ALUMINUM compounds
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - BRAZING alloys
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - ALLOYS
N1  - Accession Number: 12059428; Loehman, Ronald E. 1 Kotula, Paul G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 87 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: ALUMINUM compounds; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: BRAZING alloys; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: ALLOYS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kruzic, J.J.
AU  - Cannon, R.M.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Crack-Size Effects on Cyclic and Monotonic Crack Growth in Polycrystalline Alumina: Quantification of the Role of Grain Bridging.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 87
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 103
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - The role of grain bridging in affecting the initial rising portion of the R-curve and the transient, non-steady-state behavior of short cracks during (cyclic) fatigue-crack propagation has been quantitatively examined in a 99.5% pure alumina. Fatigue-crack growth properties for both long and short (Δa[sub f] < 2 mm) cracks emanating from machined notches (root radius, ρ ∼ 15-150 µm) were investigated, where δa[sub f] is the extension of the fatigue crack from the notch. Growth rates (da/dN) were far higher at the same applied stress-intensity range (ΔK) and fatigue thresholds, ΔK[sub TH], were markedly lower for short cracks than for corresponding long cracks. Crack extension was measured at the lowest driving forces for short cracks emanating from razor micronotches with ρ ≈ 15 µm. For growth rates <10[sup -8] m/cycle, da/dN vs ΔK curves for short cracks merged with the demonstrably steady-state curve for long cracks after ∼2 mm of crack extension. This length corresponds well to the extent of the measured crack-bridging zone for a near-threshold steady-state fatigue crack. For da/dN > 10[sup -8] m/cycle, however, non-steady-state behavior was observed at all crack sizes, indicating that achieving steady state at each AK level is difficult. The crack-tip shielding contribution due to such grain bridging was determined using both direct compliance and the more accurate multi-cutting/ crack-opening profile techniques. Bridging stress-intensity factors were computed and subtracted from the applied stress intensities to estimate an effective (near-tip) driving force, ΔK[sub eff]. These results provided (i) a lower threshold (in terms of ΔK[sub eff]) below which both long and short fatigue cracks should not propagate, and (ii) an estimate of the intrinsic toughness, K[sub 0], for the start of the R-curve. Such results quantitatively affirm that the reduced role of grain bridging is a primary source of the transient behavior of short cracks in grainbridging alumina-based ceramics under cyclic loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - ALUMINUM compounds
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12059486; Kruzic, J.J. 1 Cannon, R.M. 1 Ritchie, R.O. 1; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 87 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: ALUMINUM compounds; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - May, Elebeoba E.
AU  - Vouk, Mladen A.
AU  - Bitzer, Donald L.
AU  - Rosnick, David I.
T1  - An error-correcting code framework for genetic sequence analysis
JO  - Journal of the Franklin Institute
JF  - Journal of the Franklin Institute
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 341
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 00160032
AB  - A fundamental challenge for engineering communication systems is the problem of transmitting information from the source to the receiver over a noisy channel. This same problem exists in a biological system. How can information required for the proper functioning of a cell, an organism, or a species be transmitted in an error introducing environment? Source codes (compression codes) and channel codes (error-correcting codes) address this problem in engineering communication systems. The ability to extend these information theory concepts to study information transmission in biological systems can contribute to the general understanding of biological communication mechanisms and extend the field of coding theory into the biological domain. In this work, we review and compare existing coding theoretic methods for modeling genetic systems. We introduce a new error-correcting code framework for understanding translation initiation, at the cellular level and present research results for Escherichia coli K-12. By studying translation initiation, we hope to gain insight into potential error-correcting aspects of genomic sequences and systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Franklin Institute is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - CELLS
KW  - ORGANISMS
KW  - Biological coding theory
KW  - Coding theory
KW  - Error-correcting codes
KW  - Information theory
KW  - Translation initiation
N1  - Accession Number: 12433385; May, Elebeoba E. 1; Email Address: eemay@sandia.gov Vouk, Mladen A. 2 Bitzer, Donald L. 2 Rosnick, David I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Biology Department, P.O. Box 5800 MS 0310, Albuquerque, NM 87185 0310, USA  2: Computer Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 341 Issue 1/2, p89; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL systems; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: ORGANISMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological coding theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coding theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Error-correcting codes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Translation initiation; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2003.12.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quong, A.A.
AU  - Kercher, J.R.
AU  - McCready, P.M.
AU  - Quong, J.N.
AU  - Sokhansanj, B.A.
AU  - Fitch, J.P.
T1  - An indexed modeling and experimental strategy for biosignatures of pathogen and host
JO  - Journal of the Franklin Institute
JF  - Journal of the Franklin Institute
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 341
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 00160032
AB  - In information theory, a signature is characterized by the information content as well as noise statistics of the communication channel. Biosignatures have analogous properties. A biosignature can be associated with a particular attribute of a pathogen or a host. However, the signature may be lost in backgrounds of similar or even identical signals from other sources. In this paper, we highlight statistical and signal processing challenges associated with identifying good biosignatures for pathogens in host and other environments. In some cases, it may be possible to identify useful signatures of pathogens through indirect but amplified signals from the host. Discovery of these signatures requires new approaches to modeling and data interpretation. Finally, an understanding of pathways (or gene networks) that are modified through host–pathogen interactions will result in better detectors as well as opportunities in vaccines and therapeutics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Franklin Institute is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - GENES
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
KW  - Fuzzy logic
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Genetic algorithm
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Signature
N1  - Accession Number: 12433388; Quong, A.A.; Email Address: quong2@llnl.gov Kercher, J.R. 1 McCready, P.M. 1 Quong, J.N. 1 Sokhansanj, B.A. 1 Fitch, J.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Chemical and Biological National Security Program, PO Box 808, L-235, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 341 Issue 1/2, p157; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuzzy logic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signature; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2003.12.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwon, Y. C.
AU  - Yarbrough, D. W.
T1  - A Comparison of Korean Cellulose Insulation with Cellulose Insulation Manufactured in the United States of America.
JO  - Journal of Thermal Envelope & Building Science
JF  - Journal of Thermal Envelope & Building Science
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 197
SN  - 10971963
AB  - Thermal resistivity data are reported for loose-fill cellulose manufactured in Korea and the United States over the temperature range 40 to 100°F. A representative thickness of 1.1 in. for thermal test specimens was determined for cellulose insulation in the density range that was studied. Measurements for insulations with known amounts of fire retardant chemical showed a negligible effect of the fire retardant on the thermal resistivity of the insulation. The test data show that the U.S.-made loose-fill cellulose that was studied had a 5% greater thermal resistivity than the Korean-made product. This difference in thermal resistivity could be due to differences in the re-cycled paper being used in the two countries to produce cellulose insulation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Thermal Envelope & Building Science is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLULOSE insulation
KW  - INSULATING materials
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - INSULATING materials industry
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - KOREA
KW  - cellulose insulation
KW  - fire retardants
KW  - loose-fill insulation
KW  - representative thickness
KW  - thermal resistivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12364721; Kwon, Y. C. 1 Yarbrough, D. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Halla University, San 66, Heungup, Wonju, Kangwon 220-712 South Korea  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Buildings Envelopes Group, ESTD Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p185; Subject Term: CELLULOSE insulation; Subject Term: INSULATING materials; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Subject Term: INSULATING materials industry; Subject Term: UNITED States; Subject Term: KOREA; Author-Supplied Keyword: cellulose insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: fire retardants; Author-Supplied Keyword: loose-fill insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: representative thickness; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal resistivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teivainen, Päivi A.
AU  - Eliassen, Knut A.
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
AU  - Djurovic, Srdjan
AU  - Berg, Kåre
T1  - Human apoB contributes to increased serum total apo(a) level in LPA transgenic mice.
JO  - Lipids in Health & Disease
JF  - Lipids in Health & Disease
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 1476511X
AB  - Background: The Lp(a) lipoprotein (Lp(a)) consists of the polymorphic glycoprotein apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)), which is attached by a disulfide bond to apolipoprotein B (apoB). Apo(a), which has high homology with plasminogen, is present only in primates and hedgehogs. However, transgenic mice and rabbits with high serum apo(a) levels exist. Liver is the main site for apo(a) synthesis, but the site of removal is uncertain. To examine differences between transgenic mice expressing the LPA gene and mice capable of forming Lp(a) particles, LPA-YAC transgenic mice and hAPOB transgenic mice were crossed and their offspring examined. Results: Comparison of LPA-YAC with LPA-YAC/hAPOB transgenic mice showed that LPA-YAC/hAPOB transgenic mice have higher serum total apo(a) and total cholesterol level than mice lacking the hAPOB gene. However, hepatic apo(a) mRNA level was higher in LPA-YAC transgenic mice than in LPA-YAC/hAPOB transgenic mice. Feeding of a high-cholesterol/high-fat diet to male LPA-YAC transgenic mice with or without the hAPOB gene resulted in reduced serum total apo(a) and hepatic apo(a) mRNA level. Conclusion: In conclusion, the higher serum total apo(a) level in LPA-YAC/hAPOB transgenic mice than in LPA-YAC transgenic mice is not caused by increased apo(a) synthesis. Lower hepatic apo(a) mRNA level in LPA-YAC/hAPOB than in LPA-YAC transgenic mice may suggest that the increase in total apo(a) level is a result of apo(a) accumulation in serum. Furthermore, observed higher serum total cholesterol level in LPA-YAC/hAPOB transgenic mice than either in wild type or LPA-YAC transgenic mice may further suggest that human APOB transgenicity is a factor that contributes to increased serum total apo(a) and cholesterol levels. Our results on reduced serum total apo(a) and hepatic apo(a) mRNA levels in HCHF fed male LPA-YAC transgenic mice confirm earlier findings in females, and show that there are no sex difference in mechanisms for lowering apo(a) level in response to HCHF feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Lipids in Health & Disease is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEIN B
KW  - PLASMINOGEN
KW  - TRANSGENIC animals
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - SEX differences (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 30094241; Teivainen, Päivi A. 1,2; Email Address: p.a.teivainen@ioks.uio.no Eliassen, Knut A. 3; Email Address: knut.eliassen@veths.no Rubin, Edward M. 4; Email Address: emrubin@lbl.gov Djurovic, Srdjan 1,2; Email Address: srdjan.djurovic@ioks.uio.no Berg, Kåre 1,2; Email Address: k.berg@genova.no; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway  2: Department of Medical Genetics, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway  3: Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway  4: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 3, p1; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEIN B; Subject Term: PLASMINOGEN; Subject Term: TRANSGENIC animals; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: SEX differences (Biology); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, C. C.
AU  - Liu, Z. Q.
AU  - Cady, A.
AU  - Pindak, R.
AU  - Caliebe, W.
AU  - Barois, P.
AU  - Nguyen, H. T.
AU  - Ema, K.
AU  - Takekoshi, K.
AU  - Yao, H.
T1  - Optical, resonant X-ray scattering, and calorimetric investigations of two liquid crystal compounds exhibiting the SmA-SmC α *-SmC* transitions.
JO  - Liquid Crystals
JF  - Liquid Crystals
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 135
SN  - 02678292
AB  - Three experimental measurements have been conducted to investigate the nature of the SmA-SmC α *-SmC* phase transitions of two liquid crystal compounds. The SmA-SmC α * transition shows a continuous transition with XY -like critical exponents. The SmC α *-SmC* transition displays a rapid variation of the incommensurate helical pitch. One of the compounds shows a small jump in the helical pitch, which signals a first order transition and is consistent with high resolution calorimetric results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Liquid Crystals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - LIQUID crystal devices
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11794529; Huang, C. C. 1; Email Address: huang001@umn.edu Liu, Z. Q. 1 Cady, A. 1 Pindak, R. 2 Caliebe, W. 2 Barois, P. 3 Nguyen, H. T. 3 Ema, K. 4 Takekoshi, K. 4 Yao, H. 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.  2: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.  3: Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, Universite Bordeaux 1, Avenue A. Schweitzer, F-33600 Pessac, France.  4: Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152, Japan.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p127; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: LIQUID crystal devices; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/02678290410001637167
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11794529&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng, Feng
AU  - Bordia, Rajendra K.
AU  - Pederson, Larry R.
T1  - Phase constitution in Sr and Mg doped LaGaO3 system
JO  - Materials Research Bulletin
JF  - Materials Research Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - 155
SN  - 00255408
AB  - Sr and Mg doped lanthanum gallate perovskites (La1-xSrxGa1-yMgyO3-δ, shortened as LSGM-XY where X and Y are the doping levels in mole percentage (mol%) at the La- or A-site and the Ga- or B-site, respectively) are promising electrolyte materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this study, we have investigated the primary perovskites as well as the secondary phases formed in terms of doping content changes and A/B ratio variations in these materials. Fifteen powder compositions (three doping levels, <F>X=Y=0</F>, 0.1, and 0.2 mol; and five A/B ratios 0.95, 0.98, 1.00, 1.02, and 1.05) were synthesized by the glycine-nitrate combustion process (GNP). These powders were equilibrated by calcining at 1500 °C for 9 h prior to crystalline phase characterization by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). From the results of this study and the available phase diagrams in the literature on constituent binary oxide systems, we propose a crystalline phase diagram of the La2O3–SrO–Ga2O3–MgO quaternary system at elevated temperature (1500 °C). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Research Bulletin is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - POWDERS
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - A. Oxides
KW  - C. X-ray diffraction
KW  - D Ionic conductivity
KW  - D. Crystal structure
KW  - D. Phase equilibria
N1  - Accession Number: 22259148; Zheng, Feng 1 Bordia, Rajendra K. 1; Email Address: bordia@u.washington.edu Pederson, Larry R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, 302 Roberts Hall, Seattle, WA 98195-2120, USA  2: Materials and Chemical Sciences Department, Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 39 Issue 1, p141; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: POWDERS; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: D Ionic conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase equilibria; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0025-5408(03)00140-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muhlstein, C.L.
AU  - Howe, R.T.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Fatigue of polycrystalline silicon for microelectromechanical system applications: crack growth and stability under resonant loading conditions
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - Although bulk silicon is not known to exhibit susceptibility to cyclic fatigue, micron-scale structures made from silicon films are known to be vulnerable to degradation by fatigue in ambient air environments, a phenomenon that has been recently modeled in terms of a mechanism of sequential oxidation and stress-corrosion cracking of the native oxide layer. To date, most stress-life (<f>S/N</f>) fatigue tests on such silicon films have been conducted using resonant-loaded specimens. Consequently, there is a need to establish the interaction between the dynamic loading and the driving force for fatigue-crack growth. In this paper, finite element models are used to establish the relationship between natural frequency, specimen compliance, and linear-elastic stress–intensity factor for a commonly used micron-scale, micromechanical fatigue characterization structure. These results are then incorporated into a general, lumped parameter model to evaluate the stability of fatigue cracks in resonant-loaded structures. It is well known that the applied stress amplitude and corresponding driving force for crack advance depend on the system damping, as well as sample geometry. Consequently, changes in damping caused by cycling in different environments can have a significant mechanical effect on the stability of fatigue cracks. In the case of the fatigue characterization structure used by the authors, the models show that tests conducted at atmospheric pressure subject cracks to a monotonically increasing driving force for crack advance. However, when the damping in the system is reduced (e.g., by testing in vacuo) fatigue cracks may arrest, independent of environmental effects on crack growth. Therefore, testing of structures loaded in resonance at a fixed natural frequency in vacuum should not be considered equivalent to an “inert” atmosphere. Finally, the finite element models are applied to polycrystalline silicon structural films to determine the critical crack lengths (∼5.5–66 nm) and an average fracture toughness (∼0.85 MPa <f>√</f>m) from specimens subjected to fatigue cycling at stress amplitudes ranging from ∼2.2 to 3.5 GPa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics of Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Crack stability
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Polycrystalline silicon
KW  - Resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 11259326; Muhlstein, C.L. 1; Email Address: clm28@psu.edu Howe, R.T. 2; Email Address: howe@eecs.berkeley.edu Ritchie, R.O. 3; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Berkeley Sensors and Actuators Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 36 Issue 1/2, p13; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystalline silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-6636(03)00028-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11259326&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kruzic, J.J.
AU  - McNaney, J.M.
AU  - Cannon, R.M.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Effects of plastic constraint on the cyclic and static fatigue behavior of metal/ceramic layered structures
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - The role of metal layer thickness and resultant plastic constraint in the metal layer during the failure of metal/ceramic layered structures is examined under cyclic and static loading conditions. Crack-growth experiments were conducted on sandwich specimens consisting of 99.999% pure aluminum layers bonded between 99.5% pure polycrystalline alumina with the metal layer thickness varying from 5 to 100 μm. Under cyclic loading, crack growth occurred primarily at the interface separating the two materials; additionally, stable fatigue cracks deviated into the alumina for thin-layered samples at high driving forces. Under monotonically increasing loads, the fracture toughness increased with Al layer thickness, whereas under cyclic loads the threshold driving force for crack growth conversely decreased with increasing layer thickness. Under static loading in a moist environment, interfacial crack growth was never observed at measurable rates (&ges;10−9 m/s) for driving forces up to 200 J/m2; however, for thin-layered samples, subcritical cracks did deviate off the interface and grow, sometimes stably, into the alumina. Trends in crack-growth rates and crack trajectories are examined in terms of the level of constraint, loading conditions and environmental influences. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics of Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - Alumina
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Fatigue-crack growth
KW  - Interface fracture
KW  - Plastic constraint
KW  - Stress-corrosion cracking
N1  - Accession Number: 11259329; Kruzic, J.J. 1 McNaney, J.M. 1 Cannon, R.M. 1 Ritchie, R.O.; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 36 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue-crack growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic constraint; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress-corrosion cracking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-6636(03)00031-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11259329&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, L.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Brooks, C.R.
AU  - Klarstrom, D.L.
T1  - Temperature evolution during low-cycle fatigue of ULTIMET<f>®</f> alloy: experiment and modeling
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - The temperature variations of a cobalt-based ULTIMET alloy subjected to low-cycle fatigue were characterized by a high-speed, high-resolution infrared thermography. The change of temperature during fatigue, which was due to the thermal-elastic–plastic effect, was utilized to reveal the accumulation of fatigue damage. A constitutive model was developed for predicting the thermal and mechanical responses of ULTIMET alloy subjected to cyclic deformation. The model was constructed in light of internal state variables, which were developed to characterize the inelastic strain of the material during cyclic loading. The predicted stress–strain and temperature responses were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - THERMOGRAPHY
KW  - PLASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 11259330; Jiang, L. 1; Email Address: jiang@crd.ge.com Wang, H. 2 Liaw, P.K. 1 Brooks, C.R. 1 Klarstrom, D.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Haynes International Inc., Kokomo, IN 46904, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 36 Issue 1/2, p73; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: THERMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-6636(03)00032-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11259330&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, L.J.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - He, Y.H.
AU  - McDaniels, R.L.
AU  - Jiang, L.
AU  - Yang, B.
AU  - Klarstrom, D.L.
T1  - Cyclic deformation behavior of HAYNES<f>®</f> HR-120<f>®</f> superalloy under low-cycle fatigue loading
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 36
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - The cyclic deformation behavior of HAYNES<f>®</f> HR-120<f>®</f> superalloy at different temperatures ranging from 24 to 982 °C was investigated by performing fully reversed total strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue tests under the total strain ranges of 0.4–2.3%. It was noted that in most cases, increasing the temperature from 24 to 982 °C significantly decreased the fatigue lives. The alloy exhibited the cyclic hardening, softening, or stable cyclic stress response, which was dependent on the temperature and total strain range. Dynamic-strain aging was found to occur at both temperatures of 761 and 871 °C. The precipitation of secondary-phase particles was also observed above 761°C. The change in the microstructure due to cyclic deformation was evaluated through scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, an advanced infrared thermography system was employed to monitor the temperature evolution during fatigue at 24 °C. It was noted that during low-cycle fatigue, the steady-state temperature of the specimens increased from 2 to 120 °C above room temperature, depending on the strain range and fatigue life. Thus, the measured temperature can be used to predict fatigue life. A model based on energy conservation and one-dimensional heat conduction was used to predict the temperature evolution resulting from low-cycle fatigue. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics of Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Cyclic stress response
KW  - Dynamic-strain aging
KW  - Fatigue life
KW  - Low-cycle fatigue
KW  - Model
KW  - Superalloy
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Thermography
N1  - Accession Number: 11259332; Chen, L.J. 1,2 Liaw, P.K. 1; Email Address: liaw@utkux.utcc.utk.edu Wang, H. 3 He, Y.H. 1 McDaniels, R.L. 1 Jiang, L. 1 Yang, B. 1 Klarstrom, D.L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, 435 Dougherty, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110023, PR China  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA  4: Haynes International, Inc., 1020 West Park Avenue, P.O. Box 9013, Kokomo, IN 46904-9013, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 36 Issue 1/2, p85; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic stress response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic-strain aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-cycle fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superalloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0167-6636(03)00033-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coulter, R. L.
AU  - Kallistratova, M. A.
T1  - Two decades of progress in SODAR techniques: a review of 11 ISARS proceedings.
JO  - Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics
JF  - Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 19
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01777971
AB  - For 20 years the biennial symposia organized by the International Society for Acoustic Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere and Oceans and Associated Techniques (ISARS) have been held in different countries. The original papers collected in the proceedings of the symposia reflect the development of ideas, equipment, and methods, plus results obtained in the area. The spectrum of themes discussed at the symposia is broad. More than 60% of the papers were devoted to the role of SODARs in atmospheric boundary-layer research. This paper presents an overview of the development of SODAR technique as elucidated in the proceedings of 11 ISARS symposia. Topics include (1) instrumentation, (2) methods of measuring different meteorological quantities and their turbulence characteristics, and (3) validating the methods by comparison of SODAR data with in situ measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Societies
KW  - Atmospheric physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14408788; Coulter, R. L. 1; Email Address: rlcoulter@anl.gov; Kallistratova, M. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; 2: Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p3; Thesaurus Term: Remote sensing; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Subject Term: Societies; Subject Term: Atmospheric physics; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00703-003-0030-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14408788&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kallistratova, M. A.
AU  - Coulter, R. L.
T1  - Application of SODARs in the study and monitoring of the environment.
JO  - Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics
JF  - Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 37
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01777971
AB  - Application of acoustic sounders (SODARs) to study the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) began in the early 1970s. During the last two decades the scope of SODARs applications enlarged considerably. The proceedings of eleven symposia of the International Society for Remote Acoustic Sensing of the Atmosphere and Oceans (ISARS) are a unique collection of papers, where all directions of the SODAR use since 1981 are presented. In this paper, a review of SODAR applications to atmospheric research is presented based on materials published in these proceedings in the following fields: conditions of microwave and light propagation; regional climatology of the ABL; air pollution meteorology and weather forecast; mesoscale phenomena under stable and unstable stratification; micro- meteorology; peculiarities of the ABL in remote and complex terrain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Ocean
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Atmospheric physics
KW  - Sound
N1  - Accession Number: 14408792; Kallistratova, M. A. 1; Email Address: margo@ifaran.rn; Coulter, R. L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p21; Thesaurus Term: Remote sensing; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Thesaurus Term: Ocean; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject Term: Atmospheric physics; Subject Term: Sound; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00703-003-0031-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14408792&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coulter, R. L.
AU  - Pekour, M. S.
AU  - Martin, T. J
T1  - Elevated stratified layers observed with SODAR during VTMX.
JO  - Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics
JF  - Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
EP  - 123
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01777971
AB  - A combination of low frequency SODAR, RADAR wind profiler and in-situ balloon-borne measurements of temperature and water vapor have been used to investigate the structure of elevated stratified layers within the transition layer above the nocturnal boundary layer during the Vertical Transport and Mixing Field Campaign in Salt Lake City Utah, during October, 2000. Elevated layers determined from SODAR and RADAR vertical time sections were penetrated with a balloon-born instrument package to determine the fine scale temperature and moisture structure of the layers. As expected a potential temperature increase was found in the upper half of the layers; however the magnitude was considerably smaller than found above the daytime well-mixed layer and the vertical distance of the increase was quite variable. Mixing ratio, in the mean was found to have a relative maximum in the lower portion of the layers. It was found that the potential temperature within the layers decreased with time relative to background values, regardless of whether the layer descended or ascended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Winds
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Moisture
KW  - Sound
KW  - Radar
N1  - Accession Number: 14408818; Coulter, R. L. 1; Email Address: rlcoulter@anl.gov; Pekour, M. S. 1; Martin, T. J 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA.; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p115; Thesaurus Term: Remote sensing; Thesaurus Term: Winds; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Moisture; Subject Term: Sound; Subject Term: Radar; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00703-003-0039-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14408818&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong, D.
AU  - Suflita, J. M.
AU  - McKinley, J. P.
AU  - Krumholz, L. R.
T1  - Impact of Clay Minerals on Sulfate-Reducing Activity in Aquifers.
JO  - Microbial Ecology
JF  - Microbial Ecology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 47
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
EP  - 86
SN  - 00953628
AB  - Previous studies have shown that sulfate-reduction activity occurs in a heterogeneous manner throughout the terrestrial subsurface. Low-activity regions are often observed in the presence of clay minerals. Here we report that clays inhibit sulfate reduction activity in sediments and in a pure culture of Desulfovibriovulgaris. Clay minerals including bentonite and kaolinite inhibited sulfate reduction by 70–90% in sediments. Intact clays and clay colloids or soluble components, capable of passing through a 0.2-µm filter, were also inhibitory to sulfate-reducing bacteria. Other adsorbent materials, including anion or cation exchangers and a zeolite, did not inhibit sulfate reduction in sediments, suggesting that the effect of clays was not due to their cation-exchange capacity. We observed a strong correlation between the Al2O3 content of clays and their relative ability to inhibit sulfate reduction in sediments (r2 = 0.82). This suggested that inhibition might be a direct effect of Al3+ (aq) on the bacteria. We then tested pure aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and showed it to act in a similar manner to clay. As dissolved aluminum is known to be toxic to a variety of organisms at low concentrations, our results suggest that the effects of clay on sulfate-reducing bacteria may be directly due to aluminum. Thus, our experiments provide an explanation for the lack of sulfate-reduction activity in clay-rich regions and presents a mechanism for the effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbial Ecology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLAY minerals
KW  - DESULFOVIBRIO
KW  - SULFUR bacteria
KW  - SULFATES
KW  - AQUIFERS
N1  - Accession Number: 16936533; Wong, D. 1 Suflita, J. M. 1 McKinley, J. P. 2 Krumholz, L. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Institute for Energy and the Environment, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 47 Issue 1, p80; Subject Term: CLAY minerals; Subject Term: DESULFOVIBRIO; Subject Term: SULFUR bacteria; Subject Term: SULFATES; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00248-003-1021-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, D. Gregory
AU  - Makovsky, Leo E.
AU  - Sarkus, Thomas A.
AU  - McIlvried, Howard G.
T1  - BLAST FURNACE GRANULAR COAL INJECTION AT BETHLEHEM STEEL'S BURNS HARBOR PLANT.
JO  - Mineral Processing & Extractive Metallurgy Review
JF  - Mineral Processing & Extractive Metallurgy Review
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 65
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08827508
AB  - This paper discusses the demonstration of the British Steel/CPC-Macawber Blast Furnace Granular Coal Injection (BFGCI) technology that was installed on the blast furnaces at Bethlehem Steel's Burns Harbor Plant in Indiana as a highly successful Clean Coal Technology project, cofunded by the U.S. Department of Energy. In the BFGCI process, granular coal (10%-30% through a 200-mesh screen) is injected into a blast furnace as a fuel supplement to decrease coke requirements, thus reducing costs. Tests run to determine the effect of process variables on furnace operations showed that granular coal works as well as pulverized coal and is easier to handle and cheaper to produce because of reduced grinding costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mineral Processing & Extractive Metallurgy Review is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLAST furnaces
KW  - COAL
KW  - GRANULAR materials
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - HARBORS
KW  - INDIANA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - blast furnace operation
KW  - Burns Harbor Plant
KW  - clean coal technology
KW  - coke replacement
KW  - granular coal injection
KW  - CLEAN Coal Technology (Company)
N1  - Accession Number: 11501879; Hill, D. Gregory 1; Email Address: leo.makovsky@netl.doe.gov Makovsky, Leo E. 2 Sarkus, Thomas A. 2 McIlvried, Howard G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Chesterton, Indiana, USA  2: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA  3: Science Applications International Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 25 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: BLAST furnaces; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: GRANULAR materials; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: HARBORS; Subject Term: INDIANA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: blast furnace operation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burns Harbor Plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: clean coal technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: coke replacement; Author-Supplied Keyword: granular coal injection; Company/Entity: CLEAN Coal Technology (Company); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488310 Port and Harbor Operations; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuklin, Alexander I.
AU  - Mynatt, Randall L.
AU  - Klebig, Mitchell L.
AU  - Kiefer, Laura L.
AU  - Wilkison, William O.
AU  - Woychik, Richard P.
AU  - Michaud, Edward J.
T1  - Liver-specific expression of the agouti gene in transgenic mice promotes liver carcinogenesis in the absence of obesity and diabetes.
JO  - Molecular Cancer
JF  - Molecular Cancer
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - BioMed Central
SN  - 14764598
AB  - Background: The agouti protein is a paracrine factor that is normally present in the skin of many species of mammals. Agouti regulates the switch between black and yellow hair pigmentation by signalling through the melanocortin I receptor (McIr) on melanocytes. Lethal yellow (Ay) and viable yellow (Avy) are dominant regulatory mutations in the mouse agouti gene that cause the wild-type protein to be produced at abnormally high levels throughout the body. Mice harboring these mutations exhibit a pleiotropic syndrome characterized by yellow coat color, obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and increased susceptibility to hyperplasia and carcinogenesis in numerous tissues, including the liver. The goal of this research was to determine if ectopic expression of the agouti gene in the liver alone is sufficient to recapitulate any aspect of this syndrome. For this purpose, we generated lines of transgenic mice expressing high levels of agouti in the liver under the regulatory control of the albumin promoter. Expression levels of the agouti transgene in the liver were quantified by Northern blot analysis. Functional agouti protein in the liver of transgenic mice was assayed by its ability to inhibit binding of the α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH) to the McIr. Body weight, plasma insulin and blood glucose levels were analyzed in control and transgenic mice. Control and transgenic male mice were given a single intraperitoneal injection (10 mg/kg) of the hepatocellular carcinogen, diethylnitrosamine (DEN), at 15 days of age. Mice were euthanized at 36 or 40 weeks after DEN injection and the number of tumors per liver and total liver weights were recorded. Results: The albumin-agouti transgene was expressed at high levels in the livers of mice and produced a functional agouti protein. Albumin-agouti transgenic mice had normal body weights and normal levels of blood glucose and plasma insulin, but responded to chemical initiation of the liver with an increased number of liver tumors compared to non-transgenic control mice. Conclusions: The data demonstrate that liver-specific expression of the agouti gene is not sufficient to induce obesity or diabetes, but, in the absence of these factors, agouti continues to promote hepatocellular carcinogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cancer is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - TRANSGENIC mice
KW  - LIVER -- Cancer
KW  - CARCINOGENESIS
KW  - OBESITY
KW  - DIABETES
N1  - Accession Number: 28772532; Kuklin, Alexander I. 1,2; Email Address: akuklin@transgenomic.com Mynatt, Randall L. 1,3; Email Address: mynattrl@pbrc.edu Klebig, Mitchell L. 1,4; Email Address: uvi@ornl.gov Kiefer, Laura L. 5; Email Address: lkiefer@paragen.com Wilkison, William O. 6,7; Email Address: william.o.wilkison@gsk.com Woychik, Richard P. 1,8; Email Address: rick@jax.org Michaud, Edward J. 1; Email Address: michaudejiii@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Transgenomic, Inc., 12325 Emmet Street, Omaha, NE 68164, USA  3: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA  4: Department of Biochemistry and Cellular & Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  5: Paradigm Genetics, 108 Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA  6: Glaxo Wellcome, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA  7: GlaxoSmithKline, Inc., 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA  8: The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 3, p1; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: TRANSGENIC mice; Subject Term: LIVER -- Cancer; Subject Term: CARCINOGENESIS; Subject Term: OBESITY; Subject Term: DIABETES; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramsay, Gavin
AU  - Cropper, Mark
AU  - Mason, K.O.
AU  - Córdova, F.A.
AU  - Priedhorsky, W.
T1  - XMM–Newton observations of three short-period polars: V347 Pav, GG Leo and EU UMa.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/01//1/1/2004
VL  - 347
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 100
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present phase-resolved XMM–Newton data of three short-period polars: V347 Pav, GG Leo and EU UMa. All three systems show one dominant accretion region, which is seen for approximately half the orbital cycle. GG Leo shows a strong dip feature in its X-ray and ultraviolet (UV) light curves, which is due to absorption of X-rays from the accretion site by the accretion stream. The emission in the case of EU UMa is dominated by soft X-rays: its soft/hard X-ray ratio is amongst the highest seen in these objects. In contrast, GG Leo and V347 Pav shows a ratio consistent with that predicted by the standard shock model. We infer the mass of the white dwarf and explore the effect of restricting the energy range on the derived parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALACTIC X-ray sources
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - WHITE dwarf stars
KW  - SPACE environment
N1  - Accession Number: 11691876; Ramsay, Gavin 1 Cropper, Mark 1 Mason, K.O. 1 Córdova, F.A. 2 Priedhorsky, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London  2: University of California  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 1/1/2004, Vol. 347 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: GALACTIC X-ray sources; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: WHITE dwarf stars; Subject Term: SPACE environment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07242.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li
AU  - J.
AU  - Wang
AU  - L.-W.
T1  - Electronic Structure of InP Quantum Rods:  Differences between Wurtzite, Zinc Blende, and Different Orientations.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 33
SN  - 15306984
AB  - The electronic structures of zinc blende InP quantum rods are calculated using an atomistic pseudopotential method. The quantum rods in ref [001] and [111] growth directions are studied. We found dramatic differences in the valence bands between the wurtzite CdSe, zinc blende InP [111], and InP [001] quantum rods. We also found an unexpected Γ-X coupling in the conduction bands of the [111] direction quantum wires. Our calculated results await experimental confirmations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ZINC
KW  - SPHALERITE
N1  - Accession Number: 12937136; Li J. 1 Wang L.-W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: SPHALERITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daiguji
AU  - H.
AU  - Yang
AU  - P.
AU  - Majumdar
AU  - A.
T1  - Ion Transport in Nanofluidic Channels.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
EP  - 142
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Theoretical modeling of ionic distribution and transport in silica nanotubes, 30 nm in diameter and 5 μm long, suggest that when the diameter is smaller than the Debye length, a unipolar solution of counterions is created within the nanotube and the coions are electrostatically repelled. By locally modifying the surface charge density through a gate electrode, the ion concentration can be depleted under the gate and the ionic current can be significantly suppressed. It is proposed that this could form the basis of a unipolar ionic field-effect transistor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIC mobility
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - SILICA
KW  - ION flow dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12937157; Daiguji H. 1 Yang P. 1 Majumdar A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p137; Subject Term: IONIC mobility; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: ION flow dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han
AU  - W.-Q.
AU  - Brutchey
AU  - R.
AU  - Tilley
AU  - T. D.
AU  - Zettl
AU  - A.
T1  - Activated Boron Nitride Derived from Activated Carbon.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 176
SN  - 15306984
AB  - An activated carbon template substitution reaction has been used to synthesize activated boron nitride (BN). The resulting material is characterized by scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and surface area analysis. The activated BN microstructure is similar to that of the starting activated carbon template. The specific surface area, total pore volume, and average pore radius of template-derived activated BN are 168 m2/g, 0.27 cm3/g, and 32.2 Å, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON nitride
KW  - ACTIVATED carbon
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12937163; Han W.-Q. 1 Brutchey R. 1 Tilley T. D. 1 Zettl A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p173; Subject Term: BORON nitride; Subject Term: ACTIVATED carbon; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chain, Patrick
AU  - Hauser, Loren
AU  - Lamerdin, Jane
AU  - Malfatti, Stephanie
AU  - Do, Long
AU  - Bobst, Cedric
AU  - Gibson, Jane
AU  - Peres, Caroline
AU  - Larimer, Frank W.
AU  - Land, Miriam L.
AU  - Pelletier, Dale A.
AU  - Beatty, J. Thomas
AU  - Lang, Andrew S.
AU  - Tabita, F. Robert
AU  - Gibson, Janet L.
AU  - Hanson, Thomas E.
AU  - Torres y Torres, Janelle L.
AU  - Harrison, Faith H.
AU  - Harwood, Caroline S.
T1  - Complete genome sequence of the metabolically versatile photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris.
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
JF  - Nature Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 61
SN  - 10870156
AB  - Rhodopseudomonas palustris is among the most metabolically versatile bacteria known. It uses light, inorganic compounds, or organic compounds, for energy. It acquires carbon from many types of green plant-derived compounds or by carbon dioxide fixation, and it fixes nitrogen. Here we describe the genome sequence of R. palustris, which consists of a 5,459,213-base-pair (bp) circular chromosome with 4,836 predicted genes and a plasmid of 8,427 bp. The sequence reveals genes that confer a remarkably large number of options within a given type of metabolism, including three nitrogenases, five benzene ring cleavage pathways and four light harvesting 2 systems. R. palustris encodes 63 signal transduction histidine kinases and 79 response regulator receiver domains. Almost 15% of the genome is devoted to transport. This genome sequence is a starting point to use R. palustris as a model to explore how organisms integrate metabolic modules in response to environmental perturbations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Biotechnology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photosynthetic bacteria -- Ecology
KW  - Biotransformation (Metabolism)
KW  - Nitrogenases
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Rhodopseudomonas
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Microbial genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 11833619; Chain, Patrick 1,2; Hauser, Loren 1,3; Lamerdin, Jane 1,2,4; Malfatti, Stephanie 1,2; Do, Long 1,2,4; Bobst, Cedric 5; Gibson, Jane 6; Peres, Caroline 4,6; Email Address: caroline-harwood@uiowa.ed; Larimer, Frank W. 1,3; Land, Miriam L. 1,3; Pelletier, Dale A. 1,3; Beatty, J. Thomas 7; Lang, Andrew S. 7; Tabita, F. Robert 5; Gibson, Janet L. 5; Hanson, Thomas E. 4,5; Torres y Torres, Janelle L. 6; Harrison, Faith H. 6; Harwood, Caroline S. 6; Affiliations: 1: Joint Genome Institute,2800 Mitchell Dr., Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94550, USA.; 3: Genome Analysis and Systems Modeling, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.; 4: Odyssey Thera, 4550 Norris Canyon Rd., San Ramon, California 94583, USA (J.L.),; 5: Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.; 6: Department of Microbiology, 3-432 Bowen Science Bldg., The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA; 7: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, 6174 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3.; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p55; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthetic bacteria -- Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biotransformation (Metabolism); Thesaurus Term: Nitrogenases; Thesaurus Term: Genetics; Subject Term: Rhodopseudomonas; Subject Term: Genomes; Subject Term: Microbial genetics; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nbt923
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wall, Michael E.
AU  - Hlavacek, William S.
AU  - Savageau, Michael A.
T1  - DESIGN OF GENE CIRCUITS: LESSONS FROM BACTERIA.
JO  - Nature Reviews Genetics
JF  - Nature Reviews Genetics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 42
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 14710056
AB  - Researchers are now building synthetic circuits for controlling gene expression and considering practical applications for engineered gene circuits. What can we learn from nature about design principles for gene circuits? A large body of experimental data is now available to test some important theoretical predictions about how gene circuits could be organized, but the data also raise some intriguing new questions.  INSETS: The method of mathematically controlled comparison for studying s;Examples of qualitative types of steady-state response to a signl;Model of elementary gene circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Reviews Genetics is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - NATURE
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - GENETIC engineering -- Research
KW  - FORECASTING
N1  - Accession Number: 16545738; Wall, Michael E. 1,2 Hlavacek, William S. 3 Savageau, Michael A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Computer and Computational Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  4: Department of Biomedical Engineering, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: NATURE; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: GENETIC engineering -- Research; Subject Term: FORECASTING; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eberling, Jamie L.
AU  - Wu, Christine
AU  - Tong-Turnbeaugh, Regina
AU  - Jagust, William J.
T1  - Estrogen- and tamoxifen-associated effects on brain structure and function
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 364
SN  - 10538119
AB  - We evaluated the effects of estrogen and tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, on positron emission tomography (PET) measures of brain glucose metabolism and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of hippocampal atrophy. Three groups of postmenopausal women were studied, women taking estrogen (ERT+), women with breast cancer taking tamoxifen (TAM), and women not taking estrogen or tamoxifen (ERT−). All subjects received a PET scan, an MRI scan, and cognitive testing. The TAM group showed widespread areas of hypometabolism in the inferior and dorsal lateral frontal lobes relative to the other two groups. The ERT− group showed lower metabolism in the inferior frontal cortex and temporal cortex with respect to the ERT+ group. The TAM group also showed significantly lower semantic memory scores than the other two groups. Finally, the TAM group had smaller right hippocampal volumes than the ERT+ group, an effect that was of borderline significance. Both right and left hippocampal volumes were significantly smaller than the ERT+ group when a single outlier was removed. The ERT− group had hippocampal volumes that were intermediate to the other two groups. These findings provide physiological and anatomical evidence for neuroprotective effects of estrogen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTROGEN
KW  - TAMOXIFEN
KW  - HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain)
KW  - MUSCULAR atrophy
KW  - Estrogen
KW  - Hippocampal atrophy
KW  - Tamoxifen
N1  - Accession Number: 11960863; Eberling, Jamie L. 1,2; Email Address: jleberling@lbl.gov Wu, Christine 1 Tong-Turnbeaugh, Regina 1 Jagust, William J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Department of Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p364; Subject Term: ESTROGEN; Subject Term: TAMOXIFEN; Subject Term: HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain); Subject Term: MUSCULAR atrophy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Estrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hippocampal atrophy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tamoxifen; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.08.037
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11960863&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kodama, K.
AU  - Andreopoulos, C.
AU  - Giokaris, N.
AU  - Saoulidou, N.
AU  - Tzanakos, G.
AU  - Baller, B.
AU  - Boehnlein, D.
AU  - Lundberg, B.
AU  - Rameika, R.
AU  - Song, J.S.
AU  - Yoon, C.S.
AU  - Chung, S.H.
AU  - Berghaus, P.
AU  - Kubantsev, M.
AU  - Reay, N.W.
AU  - Sidwell, R.
AU  - Stanton, N.
AU  - Yoshida, S.
AU  - Aoki, S.
AU  - Hara, T.
T1  - Identification of neutrino interactions using the DONUT spectrometer
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 516
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The experimental apparatus used for the first direct observation of the tau neutrino (the DONUT experiment) is described. Its main features consisted of a target system composed of nuclear emulsion targets and scintillation fiber trackers, a magnetic charged-particle spectrometer and detectors for lepton identification. This paper will concentrate on the description of the electronic detectors and their performance in selecting neutrino interactions, making the vertex predictions necessary for locating events in the emulsion target and lepton identification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Lepton identification
KW  - Spectrometer
KW  - Tau neutrino
N1  - Accession Number: 12309712; Kodama, K. 1 Andreopoulos, C. 2 Giokaris, N. 2 Saoulidou, N. 2 Tzanakos, G. 2 Baller, B. 3 Boehnlein, D. 3 Lundberg, B. 3; Email Address: lundberg@fnal.gov Rameika, R. 3 Song, J.S. 4 Yoon, C.S. 4 Chung, S.H. 4 Berghaus, P. 5 Kubantsev, M. 5 Reay, N.W. 5 Sidwell, R. 5 Stanton, N. 5 Yoshida, S. 5 Aoki, S. 6 Hara, T. 6; Affiliation:  1: Aichi University of Education, Kariya, Japan  2: University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece  3: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  4: Gyeongsang University, Chinju, South Korea  5: Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA  6: Kobe University, Kobe, Japan; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 516 Issue 1, p21; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lepton identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tau neutrino; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.07.035
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12309712&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forster, R. Arthur
AU  - Cox, Lawrence J.
AU  - Barrett, Richard F.
AU  - Booth, Thomas E.
AU  - Briesmeister, Judith F.
AU  - Brown, Forrest B.
AU  - Bull, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Geisler, Gregg C.
AU  - Goorley, John T.
AU  - Mosteller, Russell D.
AU  - Post, Susan E.
AU  - Prael, Richard E.
AU  - Selcow, Elizabeth C.
AU  - Sood, Avneet
T1  - MCNP™ Version 5
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 213
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The Monte Carlo transport workhorse, MCNP [Los Alamos National Laboratory report LA-13709-M, 2000], is undergoing a massive renovation at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in support of the Eolus Project of the Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASCI) Program. MCNP<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>MCNP is a trademark of the Regents of the University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory.</fn>1 Version 5 (V5) (expected to be released to RSICC in Fall 2002) will consist of a major restructuring from FORTRAN-77 (with extensions) to ANSI-standard FORTRAN-90 [American National Standard for Programming Language – Fortran-Extended, ANSI X3. 198-1992, 1992] with support for all of the features available in the present release (MCNP-4C2/4C3). To most users, the look-and-feel of MCNP will not change much except for the improvements (improved graphics, easier installation, better online documentation). For example, even with the major format change, full support for incremental patching will still be provided. In addition to the language and style updates, MCNP V5 will have various new user features. These include improved photon physics, neutral particle radiography, enhancements and additions to variance reduction methods, new source options, improved parallelism support (PVM, MPI, OpenMP), and new nuclear and atomic data libraries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - DATA libraries
N1  - Accession Number: 11471784; Forster, R. Arthur; Email Address: raf@lanl.gov Cox, Lawrence J. 1 Barrett, Richard F. 1 Booth, Thomas E. 1 Briesmeister, Judith F. 1 Brown, Forrest B. 1 Bull, Jeffrey S. 1 Geisler, Gregg C. 1 Goorley, John T. 1 Mosteller, Russell D. 1 Post, Susan E. 1 Prael, Richard E. 1 Selcow, Elizabeth C. 1 Sood, Avneet 1; Affiliation:  1: Diagnostics Applications Group (X-5), Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 213 Issue 1-4, p82; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: DATA libraries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01538-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11471784&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sood, Avneet
AU  - Gardner, Robin P.
T1  - A new Monte Carlo assisted approach to detector response functions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 213
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 100
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The physical mechanisms that describe the components of NaI, Ge and Si(Li) detector responses have been investigated using Monte Carlo simulation. The mechanisms described focus on the shape of the Compton edge, the magnitude of the flat continuum, and the shape of the exponential tails features. These features are not accurately predicted by previous Monte Carlo simulations. Probable interaction mechanisms for each detector response component are given based on this Monte Carlo simulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - COMPTON effect
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Detector response
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 11471786; Sood, Avneet 1; Email Address: asood@lanl.gov Gardner, Robin P. 2; Email Address: gardner@ncsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics (X) Division, X-5 Diagnostics Applications Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Center for Engineering Applications of Radioisotopes (CEAR), Nuclear Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 7909, Raleigh, NC 27695-7909, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 213 Issue 1-4, p100; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: COMPTON effect; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01540-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11471786&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sood, Avneet
AU  - Forster, R.A.
AU  - Adams, Bryce J.
AU  - White, Morgan C.
T1  - Verification of the pulse height tally in MCNP 5
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 213
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Pulse height tallies are commonly used in Monte Carlo codes to predict detailed measured photon spectra for spectrometry purposes. The pulse height tally is unique among the various tallies in MCNP. Unlike flux or current tallies, which are calculated as soon as the particle exits or collides in the cell, the entire set of tracks for a history must be completed before the pulse height tally can be made. The objective of this work was to verify the pulse height tally and prepare to verify the new MCNP 5 variance reduction features with the pulse height tally.In this paper, we give details to the analytic solution of the pulse height distribution using a modification to Shuttleworth’s fictitious elements, report MCNP 5 results for the pulse height tally, energy deposited and current tallies for the problem. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC pulse techniques
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - SPECTROMETRY
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Analytic
KW  - Benchmark
KW  - Code verification
KW  - Detector
KW  - Pulse height
N1  - Accession Number: 11471800; Sood, Avneet; Email Address: asood@lanl.gov Forster, R.A. 1; Email Address: raf@lanl.gov Adams, Bryce J. 1 White, Morgan C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Applied Physics (X) Division, X-5 Diagnostics Applications Group, P.O. Box 1663, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 213 Issue 1-4, p167; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC pulse techniques; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: SPECTROMETRY; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benchmark; Author-Supplied Keyword: Code verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse height; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01598-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11471800&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Souto, Francisco J.
AU  - Kimpland, Robert H.
T1  - Reactivity analysis of solution reactors for medical-radioisotope production
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 213
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - One of the primary methods to produce medical isotopes, such as 99Mo, is by irradiation of uranium targets in heterogeneous reactors. Solution reactors present a potential alternative to produce medical isotopes. The medical isotope production reactor concept has been proposed to produce medical isotopes with lower uranium consumption and waste than the corresponding fuel consumption and waste in heterogeneous reactors. Commercial production of medical isotopes in solution reactors requires steady-state operation at about 200 kW. At this power regime, fuel-solution temperature increase and radiolytic-gas bubble formation introduce a negative reactivity feedback that has to be mitigated. This work analyzes the reactivity effects on the operation of solution reactors for the production of medical isotopes and provides some reactor characteristics that may mitigate the negative reactivity feedback introduced by the increase in the fuel-solution temperature and the formation of radiolytic-gas bubbles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - Radioisotope production
KW  - Radiolytic-gas
KW  - Solution reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 11471841; Souto, Francisco J.; Email Address: fsouto@lanl.gov Kimpland, Robert H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS T 086, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 213 Issue 1-4, p369; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: URANIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioisotope production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiolytic-gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solution reactors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01624-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11471841&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mihalczo, J.T.
AU  - Mattingly, J.K.
AU  - Neal, J.S.
AU  - Mullens, J.A.
T1  - NMIS plus gamma spectroscopy for attributes of HEU, PU and HE detection
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 213
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 378
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A combined nuclear materials identification system–gamma ray spectrometry system can be used passively to obtain the following attributes of Pu: presence, fissile mass, 240/239 ratio and metal versus oxide. This system can also be used with a small, portable, DT neutron generator to measure the attributes of highly enriched uranium (HEU): presence, fissile mass, enrichment, metal versus oxide; and detect the presence of high explosives (HE). For the passive system, time-dependent coincidence distributions can be used for the presence, fissile mass, metal versus oxide for Pu, 240/239 ratio, and gamma ray spectrometry can also be used for 240/239 ratio and presence, allowing presence and 240/239 ratio to be confirmed by two methods. For the active system with a DT neutron generator, all relevant attributes for both Pu and HEU can be determined from various features of the time-dependent coincidence distribution measurements. Active gamma ray spectrometry would determine the presence of HE. The various features of time-dependent coincidence distributions and gamma ray spectrometry that determine these attributes are discussed with some examples from previous determinations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
KW  - POLONIUM
KW  - OXIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 11471843; Mihalczo, J.T.; Email Address: mihalczojt@ornl.gov Mattingly, J.K. 1 Neal, J.S. 1 Mullens, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6010, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 213 Issue 1-4, p378; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Subject Term: POLONIUM; Subject Term: OXIDES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01651-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11471843&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - English, Gerald A.
AU  - Firestone, Richard B.
AU  - Perry, Dale L.
AU  - Reijonen, Jani
AU  - Ludewigt, Bernhard
AU  - Leung, Ka-Ngo
AU  - Garabedian, Glenn
AU  - Molnar, Gabor
AU  - Revay, Zsolt
T1  - The characterization of legacy radioactive materials by gamma spectroscopy and prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA)
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 213
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 410
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - To characterize legacy radioactive materials, it is necessary to determine both the radioactive and, in the case of carrier-based materials, the stable, non-radioactive chemical constituents. Reputable process knowledge may afford some insight but, absent such information, gamma spectroscopy and (non-destructive) prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) cover essentially all of the analytical needs, with the former addressing most radionuclides with the exception of the pure <f>β−</f>-emitters and the latter addressing the stable chemical constituents. This paper integrates both methods into a general analytical protocol based upon radioanalytical work performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and PGAA work performed collaboratively by the various groups. A new LBNL-developed neutron generator is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - RADIOCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Chemical
KW  - Gamma
KW  - Neutron
KW  - Radioactive
KW  - Spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11471849; English, Gerald A. 1; Email Address: gaenglish@lbl.gov Firestone, Richard B. 1 Perry, Dale L. 1 Reijonen, Jani 1 Ludewigt, Bernhard 1 Leung, Ka-Ngo 1 Garabedian, Glenn 2 Molnar, Gabor 3 Revay, Zsolt 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 51-208, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Institute of Isotope and Surface Chemistry, H-1525, Budapest, Hungary; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 213 Issue 1-4, p410; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Subject Term: RADIOCHEMICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01665-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11471849&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perry, Dale L.
AU  - English, Gerald A.
AU  - Firestone, Richard B.
AU  - Leung, Ka-Ngo
AU  - Reijonen, Jani
AU  - Ludewigt, Bernhard
AU  - Garabedian, Glenn
AU  - Molnar, Gabor L.
AU  - Revay, Zs.
T1  - The use of prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) for the analyses and characterization of materials: Photochromic materials
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 213
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Neutron-induced prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) has been used to analyze model photochromic host materials that contain low concentrations of elemental dopants. Analyses are also presented for typical low concentration compounds used as dopants in inorganic photochromic materials. Elemental analytical results are given and discussed, along with sensitivity values for the appropriate elements. The significance of several of the trace metals ions found to be present in the materials is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCHROMIC materials
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Dopant
KW  - Gamma
KW  - Neutron
KW  - Photochromic
KW  - Spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 11471875; Perry, Dale L. 1; Email Address: dlperry@lbl.gov English, Gerald A. 1 Firestone, Richard B. 1 Leung, Ka-Ngo 1 Reijonen, Jani 1 Ludewigt, Bernhard 1 Garabedian, Glenn 2 Molnar, Gabor L. 3 Revay, Zs. 3; Affiliation:  1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Institute for Isotope and Surface Chemistry, P.O. Box 77, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 213 Issue 1-4, p527; Subject Term: PHOTOCHROMIC materials; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dopant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photochromic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01622-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11471875&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meissner, F.
AU  - Morozov, V.B.
T1  - Coherent electromagnetic processes in ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We report measurements for coherent <F>ϱ0</F> production, <F>Auau → AuAuϱ0</F>, and coherent <F>ϱ0</F> and <F>e+e−</F> pair production accompanied by mutual nuclear Coulomb excitation, <F>AuAu→Au&ast;Au&ast;ϱ0</F> and <F>AuAu→Au&ast;Au&ast;+e+e−</F>, in ultra-peripheral relativistic gold-gold collisions (UPC). We discuss transverse momentum, mass, and rapidity distributions. The two photon-process of <F>e+e−</F> pair production is an important probe of strong field QED because of the large coupling <F>Zα = 0.6</F>. At <F>√SNN=200</F> GeV, the <F>e+e−</F> production cross section agrees with lowest order QED calculations. The cross sections for coherent <F>ϱ0</F> production at <F>√SNN = 130</F> and 200 GeV are in agreement with theoretical predictions. The calculations for both, coherent <F>e+e−</F> and <F>ϱ0</F> production treat nuclear excitation as independent process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13023990; Meissner, F. 1 Morozov, V.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1-3, p59; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lincoln, D.
T1  - First DØ jet measurements at <F>√s = 1.96</F> TeV
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present the first QCD measurements performed by the DØ experiment for Fermilab''s Run II. These measurements are the inclusive jet <F>pT</F> and di-jet mass cross-sections. These analyses was performed using an integrated luminosity of 34 pb−1. Included also are comparisons to next-to-leading order QCD predictions from the JETRAD program. Within experimental uncertainties, data and theory are in good agreement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13023997; Lincoln, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1-3, p104; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gronberg, J.
T1  - A photon collider experiment based on the SLC
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Technology for a photon collider experiment at a future TeV-scale linear collider has been under development for many years. The laser and optics technology has reached the point where a GeV-scale photon collider experiment is now feasible. We report on the photon-photon luminosities that would be achievable at a photon collider experiment based on a refurbished Stanford Linear Collider. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 13024121; Gronberg, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-050, 7000 East Ave., Livermore CA, 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1-3, p375; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yao, Xin-Cheng
AU  - Zhang, Dao-Zhong
T1  - Micro-Rotation by Flow-Induced Torque in an Optical Trap.
JO  - Optical Review
JF  - Optical Review
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 6
SN  - 13406000
AB  - We report a new, simplified mechanism for performing micro-rotation. A sample chamber filled with aqueous solution and mounted on a piezoelectric transducer (PZT)-driven stage was used to produce flow-induced torque for rotating micro-objects. We demonstrated the scheme by rotating ellipsoidal yeast particles and a two-sphere system with 20 mW of laser power. Clockwise or counterclockwise rotation could be controlled by changing the initial angular position of the object trapped and by reversing the direction of PZT-driven stage. This mechanism has potential applications in microfabrication, biotechnology and fluidic technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Optical Review is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - TORQUE
KW  - LASERS
KW  - YEAST
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - micro rotation
KW  - Micromanipulator
KW  - optical trapping
KW  - optical tweezers
KW  - torque.
N1  - Accession Number: 13270985; Yao, Xin-Cheng 1 Zhang, Dao-Zhong 2; Affiliation:  1: Biological and Quantum Physics Group, MS-D454, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  2: Optical Physics Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Center for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p4; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: TORQUE; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: micro rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micromanipulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical trapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical tweezers; Author-Supplied Keyword: torque.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naulleau, Patrick P.
AU  - Liddle, J. Alexander
AU  - Anderson, Erik H.
AU  - Gullikson, Eric M.
AU  - Mirkarimi, Paul
AU  - Salmassi, Farhad
AU  - Spiller, Eberhard
T1  - Fabrication of high-efficiency multilayer-coated gratings for the EUV regime using e-beam patterned substrates
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 229
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 116
SN  - 00304018
AB  - The use of multilayer reflection coatings has proven to be an effective means for improving the efficiency of soft X-ray and extreme ultraviolet gratings. These techniques have recently been extended to e-beam-patterned binary blazed substrates. Here we present further refinement of the e-beam-patterned substrate method, demonstrating near normal-incidence reflection efficiencies as high as 41% into the first-diffracted order. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFLECTIVE materials
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - OPTICAL coatings
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - DIFFRACTION gratings
KW  - Blazed grating
KW  - Diffractive optics
KW  - Electron-beam lithography
KW  - Extreme ultraviolet
KW  - Multilayer coating
N1  - Accession Number: 22259412; Naulleau, Patrick P. 1; Email Address: pnaulleau@lbl.gov Liddle, J. Alexander 1 Anderson, Erik H. 1 Gullikson, Eric M. 1 Mirkarimi, Paul 2 Salmassi, Farhad 1 Spiller, Eberhard 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720,USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 229 Issue 1-6, p109; Subject Term: REFLECTIVE materials; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: OPTICAL coatings; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: DIFFRACTION gratings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blazed grating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffractive optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron-beam lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extreme ultraviolet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayer coating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optcom.2003.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kreth, M.
AU  - Entel, P.
AU  - Kadau, K.
AU  - Meyer, R.
T1  - Molecular-dynamics study of the local symmetry changes in metallic liquids.
JO  - Phase Transitions
JF  - Phase Transitions
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 77
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 100
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01411594
AB  - It has been conjectured that the local structure of simple monoatomic liquids is mainly of five-fold symmetry. Experimental evidence for such icosahedral building blocks has recently been found in liquid droplets of lead adjacent to a silicon wall and in deeply undercooled melts of metallic elements like bcc iron, fcc nickel and bcc zirconium. We have used molecular dynamics in order to investigate supercooling effects in the melt of another element (aluminum) on the basis of a common neighbour analysis. In the simulation, we have employed an embedded atom method potential optimized with the help of ab initio calculations for aluminum. The simulations confirm the recent experimental results that, independent of the system, the icosahedral short-range order strongly increases with the degree of undercooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Phase Transitions is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - LEAD
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - Local symmetries in metallic melts
KW  - Molecular dynamics simulations
KW  - Undercooled aluminum
N1  - Accession Number: 11901202; Kreth, M. 1; Email Address: magnus@thp.uni-duisburg.de Entel, P. 1 Kadau, K. 2 Meyer, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, T11, MS B262, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 77 Issue 1/2, p89; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local symmetries in metallic melts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Undercooled aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoover, Wm.G.
AU  - Aoki, Kenichiro
AU  - Hoover, Carol G.
AU  - De Groot, Stephanie V.
T1  - Time-reversible deterministic thermostats
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 187
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 01672789
AB  - Seven different time-reversible deterministic thermostats are considered here and applied to a simple particle-based nonequilibrium heat-flow problem. This approach is robust. Results for all these different thermostats agree rather well for system widths of ten particle diameters or more. The simplest of the thermostats is the Gauss–Nose´–Hoover thermostat, based on kinetic-energy control. Higher moments of the particle momenta can be controlled by extensions of this idea involving as many as three additional thermostat variables. Generalizations of the deterministic thermostats suited to simulating “stochastic” and “Brownian” dynamics are discussed here too. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMOSTAT
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - HEATING -- Control
KW  - Heat flow
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Nonequilibrium
KW  - Thermostats
N1  - Accession Number: 11732095; Hoover, Wm.G. 1,2; Email Address: biru@midway.llnl.gov Aoki, Kenichiro 3 Hoover, Carol G. 2 De Groot, Stephanie V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis/Livermore, Livermore, CA 94551-7808, USA  2: Methods Development Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-7808, USA  3: Department of Physics, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8521, Japan; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 187 Issue 1-4, p253; Subject Term: THERMOSTAT; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: HEATING -- Control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonequilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermostats; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2003.09.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Posch, Harald A.
AU  - Hoover, William G.
T1  - Large-system phase-space dimensionality loss in stationary heat flows
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 187
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
SN  - 01672789
AB  - Thermostated tethered harmonic lattices provide good illustrations of the phase-space dimensionality loss ΔD which occurs in the strange attractor distributions characterizing stationary nonequilibrium flows. We use time-reversible nonequilibrium molecular dynamics, with two Nose´–Hoover thermostats, one hot and one cold, to study a family of square heat-conducting systems. We find a phase-space dimensionality loss which can exceed the dimensionality associated with the two driving Nose´–Hoover thermostats by as much as a factor of four. We also estimate the dimensionality loss <F>ΔDH</F> in the nonthermostated (Hamiltonian) part of phase-space. By measuring the projection of the total dimensionality loss there we show that nearly all of the loss occurs in the nonthermostated part. Thus this loss, which characterizes the extreme rarity of nonequilibrium states, persists in the large-system thermodynamic limit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMOSTAT
KW  - HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - 44.10.+i
KW  - Fractals
KW  - Heat flow
KW  - Irreversibility
KW  - Phase-space dimensionality
N1  - Accession Number: 11732097; Posch, Harald A. 1; Email Address: posch@ls.exp.univie.ac.at Hoover, William G. 2,3; Email Address: hoover3@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria  2: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis/Livermore, Livermore, CA 94551-7808, USA  3: Methods Development Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-7808, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 187 Issue 1-4, p281; Subject Term: THERMOSTAT; Subject Term: HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 44.10.+i; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irreversibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase-space dimensionality; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2003.09.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forster, Christina
AU  - Hirschl, Robin
AU  - Posch, Harald A.
AU  - Hoover, William G.
T1  - Perturbed phase-space dynamics of hard-disk fluids
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 187
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 294
SN  - 01672789
AB  - The Lyapunov spectrum describes the exponential growth, or decay, of infinitesimal phase-space perturbations. The perturbation associated with the maximum Lyapunov exponent is strongly localized in space, and only a small fraction of all particles contributes to the perturbation growth at any instant of time. This fraction converges to zero in the thermodynamic large-particle-number limit. For hard-disk and hard-sphere systems the perturbations belonging to the smallest of the non-vanishing exponents are coherently spread out and form orthogonal periodic structures in space, the “Lyapunov modes”. There are two types of mode polarizations, transverse and longitudinal. The transverse modes do not propagate, but the longitudinal modes do, with a speed about one third of the sound speed. We characterize the symmetry and the degeneracy of the modes. In the thermodynamic limit the Lyapunov spectrum has a diverging slope near the intersection with the abscissa. No positive lower bound exists for the positive exponents. The mode amplitude scales with the inverse square root of the particle number as expected from the normalization of the perturbation vectors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - LYAPUNOV exponents
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Hydrodynamic modes
KW  - Localized modes
KW  - Lyapunov spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 11732098; Forster, Christina 1; Email Address: tina@ap.univie.ac.at Hirschl, Robin 1,2; Email Address: robin.hirschl@univie.ac.at Posch, Harald A. 1; Email Address: posch@ls.exp.univie.ac.at Hoover, William G. 3,4; Email Address: hoover3@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Wien, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria  2: Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria  3: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis/Livermore, Livermore, CA 94551-7808, USA  4: Methods Development Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-7808, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 187 Issue 1-4, p294; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: LYAPUNOV exponents; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrodynamic modes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Localized modes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lyapunov spectrum; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2003.09.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walukiewicz, Wladek
T1  - Narrow band gap group III-nitride alloys
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Recent results on the properties of narrow gap group III-nitrides and their alloys are reviewed. It is shown that InN with the energy gap of <f>0.7 eV</f> exhibits classical characteristics of a narrow gap semiconductor with strongly nonparabolic conduction band and an energy dependent electron effective mass. With the new discovery, the direct band gaps of the group III-nitride alloys span an extremely wide energy range from near infrared in InN to deep ultraviolet in AlN offering possibilities for new device applications of these materials. We also discuss properties of dilute group III-N–V alloys in which incorporation of a small amount of nitrogen results in a dramatic band gap reduction. All the unusual properties of the alloys are well described by a band anticrossing model that considers an interaction between localized nitrogen states and the extended states of the conduction band. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - 71.10.Fd
KW  - 71.20.Nr
KW  - 72.80.Ey
KW  - 78.40.Fy
KW  - Band anticrossing
KW  - Bowing parameters
KW  - Dilute nitrides
KW  - Electron effective mass
KW  - Group III-nitrides
KW  - Highly mismatched alloys
KW  - InN
KW  - Nonparabolic bands
N1  - Accession Number: 11959980; Walukiewicz, Wladek 1; Email Address: w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3/4, p300; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.10.Fd; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.20.Nr; Author-Supplied Keyword: 72.80.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.40.Fy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band anticrossing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bowing parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dilute nitrides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron effective mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Group III-nitrides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Highly mismatched alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: InN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonparabolic bands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.08.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wojtowicz, T.
AU  - Lim, W.L.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Cywiński, G.
AU  - Kutrowski, M.
AU  - Titova, L.V.
AU  - Yee, K.
AU  - Dobrowolska, M.
AU  - Furdyna, J.K.
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Kim, G.B.
AU  - Cheon, M.
AU  - Chen, X.
AU  - Wang, S.M.
AU  - Luo, H.
AU  - Vurgaftman, I.
AU  - Meyer, J.R.
T1  - Growth and properties of ferromagnetic <f>In1−xMnxSb</f> alloys
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We discuss a new narrow-gap ferromagnetic (FM) semiconductor alloy, <f>In1−xMnxSb</f>, and its growth by low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy. The magnetic properties were investigated by direct magnetization measurements, electrical transport, magnetic circular dichroism, and the magneto-optical Kerr effect. These data clearly indicate that <f>In1−xMnxSb</f> possesses all the attributes of a system with carrier-mediated FM interactions, including well-defined hysteresis loops, a cusp in the temperature dependence of the resistivity, strong negative magnetoresistance, and a large anomalous Hall effect. The Curie temperatures in samples investigated thus far range up to <f>8.5 K</f>, which are consistent with a mean-field-theory simulation of the carrier-induced ferromagnetism based on the 8-band effective band-orbital method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - 72.80.Ey
KW  - 73.61.Ey
KW  - 75.50.Pp
KW  - Anomalous Hall effect
KW  - Ferromagnetic semiconductors
KW  - InMnSb
KW  - Magnetic circular dichroism
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Magneto-optical Kerr effect
KW  - PIXE
KW  - RBS
N1  - Accession Number: 11959985; Wojtowicz, T. 1,2; Email Address: wojto@ifpan.edu.pl Lim, W.L. 1 Liu, X. 1 Cywiński, G. 2 Kutrowski, M. 1,2 Titova, L.V. 1 Yee, K. 1 Dobrowolska, M. 1 Furdyna, J.K. 1 Yu, K.M. 3 Walukiewicz, W. 3 Kim, G.B. 4 Cheon, M. 4 Chen, X. 4 Wang, S.M. 4 Luo, H. 4 Vurgaftman, I. 5 Meyer, J.R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  2: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland  3: Electronic Materials Program, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA  5: Code 5613, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3/4, p325; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: 72.80.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.61.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Pp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anomalous Hall effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetic semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: InMnSb; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic circular dichroism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-optical Kerr effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIXE; Author-Supplied Keyword: RBS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.08.028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11959985&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khodaparast, G.A.
AU  - Meyer, R.C.
AU  - Zhang, X.H.
AU  - Kasturiarachchi, T.
AU  - Doezema, R.E.
AU  - Chung, S.J.
AU  - Goel, N.
AU  - Santos, M.B.
AU  - Wang, Y.J.
T1  - Spin effects in InSb quantum wells
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 386
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Among the III–V semiconductors, InSb has the smallest electron effective mass and the largest <f>g</f>-factor. We make use of these properties to explore some aspects of electron spin in InSb quantum wells with far-infrared magneto-spectroscopy. We observe the clear signature of spin-resolved cyclotron resonance caused by the non-parabolicity of the conduction band. We observe avoided-level crossings at magnetic fields where Landau levels of the same spin are predicted to intersect. We also study electron spin resonance in the far infrared over a wide range of magnetic field. In samples with symmetrically designed quantum wells we find cyclotron masses and observed <f>g</f>-factors in good agreement with a Pidgeon–Brown analysis adapted to the two-dimensional band structure. However, the spin splitting approaches <f>∼3 meV</f> as the magnetic field approaches zero in samples intentionally asymmetrically doped. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - 78.20.Ls
KW  - Cyclotron resonance
KW  - Heterostructures
KW  - Magneto-optics
KW  - Spin effects
KW  - Spin resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 11959996; Khodaparast, G.A. 1; Email Address: khoda@rice.edu Meyer, R.C. 1 Zhang, X.H. 1 Kasturiarachchi, T. 1 Doezema, R.E. 1 Chung, S.J. 1 Goel, N. 1 Santos, M.B. 1 Wang, Y.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Semiconductor Physics in Nanostructures, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3/4, p386; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.20.Ls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclotron resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterostructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.08.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Krakauer, D.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
AU  - Contin, A.
T1  - Observation of <f>Ks0Ks0</f> resonances in deep inelastic scattering at HERA
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 578
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 44
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Inclusive <f>Ks0Ks0</f> production in deep inelastic <f>ep</f> scattering at HERA has been studied with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of <f>120</f> pb<f>−1</f>. Two states are observed at masses of <f>1537+9−8</f> MeV and <f>1726±7</f> MeV, as well as an enhancement around <f>1300</f> MeV. The state at 1537 MeV is consistent with the well established <f>f′2(1525)</f>. The state at 1726 MeV may be the glueball candidate <f>f0(1710)</f>. However, it''s width of <f>38+20−14</f> MeV is narrower than <f>125±10</f> MeV observed by previous experiments for the <f>f0(1710)</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 22238483; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Krakauer, D. 1 Loizides, J.H. Magill, S. 1 Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R.; Email Address: rik.yoshida@desy.de Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Antonioli, P. 3 Bari, G. 3 Basile, M. 3 Bellagamba, L. 3 Boscherini, D. 3 Bruni, A. 3 Bruni, G. 3 Cara Romeo, G. 3 Cifarelli, L. 3 Cindolo, F. 3 Contin, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, <cty>Argonne, IL</cty> 60439-4815, <cny cny-code="us">USA</cny><fn id="fn046">Supported by the US Department of Energy.</fn>  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104-0380, USA  3: University and INFN Bologna, <cty>Bologna</cty>, <cny cny-code="it">Italy</cny><fn id="fn037">Supported by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).</fn>; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 578 Issue 1/2, p33; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.049
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22238483&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brodsky, S.J.
AU  - Frankfurt, L.
AU  - Gilman, R.
AU  - Hiller, J.R.
AU  - Miller, G.A.
AU  - Piasetzky, E.
AU  - Sargsian, M.
AU  - Strikman, M.
T1  - Hard photodisintegration of a proton pair in 3He
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 578
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 77
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Hard photodisintegration of the deuteron has been extensively studied in order to understand the dynamics of the transition from hadronic to quark–gluon descriptions of the strong interaction. In this Letter, we discuss the extension of this program to hard photodisintegration of a <f>pp</f> pair in the 3He nucleus. Experimental confirmation of new features predicted here for the suggested reaction would advance our understanding of hard nuclear reactions. A main prediction, in contrast with low-energy observations, is that the <f>pp</f> breakup cross section is not much smaller than the one for <f>pn</f> break up. In some models, the energy-dependent oscillations observed for <f>pp</f> scattering are predicted to appear in the <f>γ 3He→pp+n</f> reaction. Such an observation would open up a completely new field in studies of color coherence phenomena in hard nuclear reactions. We also demonstrate that, in addition to the energy dependence, the measurement of the light-cone momentum distribution of the recoil neutron provides an independent test of the underlying dynamics of hard disintegration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Hard reactions
KW  - Photodisintegration
KW  - QCD
N1  - Accession Number: 22238487; Brodsky, S.J. 1,2 Frankfurt, L. 3 Gilman, R. 2,4 Hiller, J.R. 5 Miller, G.A. 6 Piasetzky, E. 3 Sargsian, M. 7; Email Address: sargsian@fiu.edu Strikman, M. 8; Affiliation:  1: SLAC, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94309, USA  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  3: School of Physics and Astronomy, Sackler Faculty of Exact Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel  4: Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA  5: University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA  6: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  7: Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA  8: Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 578 Issue 1/2, p69; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photodisintegration; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCD; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Close, Frank E.
AU  - Page, Philip R.
T1  - The <f>D&ast;0&Dmacr;0</f> threshold resonance
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 578
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 123
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Tests are discussed to distinguish <f>c&cmacr;</f>, hybrid charmonium and molecular interpretations of the narrow Belle resonance at 3872 MeV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - Charmonium
KW  - Hybrid
KW  - Molecule
N1  - Accession Number: 22238493; Close, Frank E. 1; Email Address: f.close1@physics.ox.ac.uk Page, Philip R. 2; Email Address: prp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, UK  2: Theoretical Division, MS B283, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 578 Issue 1/2, p119; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PARTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charmonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecule; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22238493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Livescu, D.
T1  - Compressibility effects on the Rayleigh–Taylor instability growth between immiscible fluids.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 127
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - The linearized Navier–Stokes equations for a system of superposed immiscible compressible ideal fluids are analyzed. The results of the analysis reconcile the stabilizing and destabilizing effects of compressibility reported in the literature. It is shown that the growth rate n obtained for an inviscid, compressible flow in an infinite domain is bounded by the growth rates obtained for the corresponding incompressible flows with uniform and exponentially varying density. As the equilibrium pressure at the interface p[sub ∞] increases (less compressible flow), n increases towards the uniform density result, while as the ratio of specific heats γ increases (less compressible fluid), n decreases towards the exponentially varying density incompressible flow result. This remains valid in the presence of surface tension or for viscous fluids and the validity of the results is also discussed for finite size domains. The critical wavenumber imposed by the presence of surface tension is unaffected by compressibility. However, the results show that the surface tension modifies the sensitivity of the growth rate to a differential change in γ for the lower and upper fluids. For the viscous case, the linearized equations are solved numerically for different values of p[sub ∞] and γ. It is found that the largest differences compared with the incompressible cases are obtained at small Atwood numbers. The most unstable mode for the compressible case is also bounded by the most unstable modes corresponding to the two limiting incompressible cases. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - COMPRESSIBILITY
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11649706; Livescu, D. 1; Email Address: livescu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, New Mexico; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p118; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: COMPRESSIBILITY; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630800
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11649706&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schauer, M.M.
AU  - Barnes, D.C.
AU  - Umstadter, K.R.
T1  - Physics of non-thermal Penning-trap electron plasma and application to ion trapping.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 15
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A modified Penning–Malmberg trap is used to produce a reflexing beam electron distribution. Positive ions are trapped in the electron space charge within a shaped anode at the center of the beam. Electron reflexing of greater than 10[sup 6] circuits is observed, with a perveance several times that of earlier single pass devices. Classical slowing of the electron beams is observed. Two-stream instability is avoided because the emission limited space charge is subcritical. Trapped ions are observed in two modes of operation; a quiescent mode in which ions are directly counted after destroying the space charge configuration, and a rf mode in which the ion resonance instability is active. Ion inventory up to quasineutral conditions is implied for the quiescent trapping mode. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - ION traps
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIC mobility
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11743732; Schauer, M.M. 1 Barnes, D.C. 1 Umstadter, K.R. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Archimedes Technology Group, California; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIC mobility; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630317
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, X.Z.
AU  - Boozer, A.H.
T1  - Numerical studies of a steady state axisymmetric co-axial helicity injection plasma.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 185
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Steady state current profile, plasma potential, and plasma flow of an electrostatically driven co-axial helicity injection (CHI) plasma with axisymmetry are numerically investigated using both an open field line Grad–Shafranov equilibrium model and self-consistent initial value magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. For CHI plasmas, the Grad–Shafranov model ignores plasma inertia but not a perpendicular, or Grad–Shafranov, flow. The Grad–Shafranov flow is the result of the gradient of Grad–Shafranov potential across magnetic field lines, and is responsible for toroidal current drive. Numerical Grad–Shafranov solutions show that as the characteristic CHI discharge parameter, the normalized voltage V⁁≡μ[sub 0]V/ηB[sub 0]q[sub 0], becomes order of unity, CHI plasma develops kink-unstable hollow current profile. Here V is the imposed voltage, η the plasma resistivity, q[sub 0] the toroidal and injector poloidal flux ratio, and B[sub 0]≡4χ[sub 0]/ab a nominal poloidal field defined by the injector poloidal flux χ[sub 0], plasma minor radius a, and plasma elongation b/a. When a small plasma inertia is included in the equation of motion, such as that in a time dependent MHD calculation, the modification on the perpendicular current is small, but its impact on parallel current distribution and hence the spatial dependence of magnetic flux can be great through the Pfirsch–Schlüter-like effects. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA injection
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity
N1  - Accession Number: 11743715; Tang, X.Z. 1; Email Address: xtang@lanl.gov Boozer, A.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p171; Subject Term: PLASMA injection; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630574
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, E.A.
AU  - Cohen, B.I.
AU  - Divol, L.
AU  - Dorr, M.R.
AU  - Hittinger, J.A.
AU  - Hinkel, D.E.
AU  - Langdon, A.B.
AU  - Kirkwood, R.K.
AU  - Froula, D.H.
AU  - Glenzer, S.H.
T1  - Effects of ion trapping on crossed-laser-beam stimulated Brillouin scattering.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 244
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - An analysis of the effects of ion trapping on ion acoustic waves excited by the stimulated Brillouin scattering of crossing intense laser beams is presented. Ion trapping alters the dispersion of ion acoustic waves by nonlinearly shifting the normal mode frequency and by reducing the ion Landau damping. This in turn can influence the energy transfer between two crossing laser beams in the presence of plasma flows such that stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) occurs. The same ion trapping physics can influence the saturation of SBS in other circumstances. A one-dimensional analytical model is presented along with reasonably successful comparisons of the theory to results from particle simulations and laboratory experiments. An analysis of the vulnerability of the National Ignition Facility Inertial Confinement Fusion point design [S. W. Haan et al., Fusion Sci. Technol. 41, 164 (2002)] is also presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION traps
KW  - SOUND waves
KW  - BRILLOUIN scattering
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
N1  - Accession Number: 11743709; Williams, E.A. 1 Cohen, B.I. 1 Divol, L. 1 Dorr, M.R. 1 Hittinger, J.A. 1 Hinkel, D.E. 1 Langdon, A.B. 1 Kirkwood, R.K. 1 Froula, D.H. 1 Glenzer, S.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p231; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: SOUND waves; Subject Term: BRILLOUIN scattering; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630573
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Madison, K.W.
AU  - Patel, P.K.
AU  - Price, D.
AU  - Edens, A.
AU  - Allen, M.
AU  - Cowan, T.E.
AU  - Zweiback, J.
AU  - Ditmire, T.
T1  - Fusion neutron and ion emission from deuterium and deuterated methane cluster plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
EP  - 277
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Experiments on the interaction of intense, ultrafast pulses with large van der Waals bonded clusters have shown that these clusters can explode with substantial kinetic energy and that the explosion of deuterium clusters can drive nuclear fusion reactions. Producing explosions in deuterated methane clusters with a 100 fs, 100 TW laser pulse, it is found that deuterium ions are accelerated to sufficiently high kinetic energy to drive deuterium nuclear fusion. From measurements of cluster size and ion energy via time of flight methods, it is found that these exploding deuterated methane clusters exhibit higher ion energies than explosions of comparably sized neat deuterium clusters, in accord with recent theoretical predictions. From measurements of the plume size and peak density, the relative contribution to the fusion yield from both beam target and intrafilament fusion is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - METHANE
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11743705; Madison, K.W. 1; Email Address: madison@physics.utexas.edu Patel, P.K. 2 Price, D. 1 Edens, A. 3 Allen, M. 4 Cowan, T.E. 1 Zweiback, J. Ditmire, T.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin  2: Physics and Advanced Technology Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California  3: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California at Berkeley  4: General Atomics Corporation, California; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 11 Issue 1, p270; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: IONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632906
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popov, V.V.
AU  - Teperik, T.V.
AU  - Polischuk, O.V.
AU  - Peralta, X.G.
AU  - Allen, S.J.
AU  - Horing, N.J.M.
AU  - Wanke, M.C.
T1  - Plasmon-Induced Terahertz Absorption and Photoconductivity in a Grid-Gated Double-Quantum-Well Structure.
JO  - Physics of the Solid State
JF  - Physics of the Solid State
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 46
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 156
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637834
AB  - The terahertz absorption spectra of plasmon modes in a grid-gated double-quantum-well field-effect transistor structure is analyzed theoretically and numerically using the scattering matrix approach and is shown to faithfully reproduce strong resonant features of recent experimental observations of terahertz photoconductivity in such a structure. © 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of the Solid State is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - S-matrix theory
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 11900641; Popov, V.V. 1 Teperik, T.V. 1 Polischuk, O.V. 1 Peralta, X.G. 2 Allen, S.J. 2 Horing, N.J.M. 3 Wanke, M.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Saratov Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia  2: Center for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA  3: Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, New Jersey, USA  4: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p153; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: PLASMONS (Physics); Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: S-matrix theory; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1641943
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Ball, James
AU  - Bertrand, Fred
T1  - Subramanian Raman.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 57
IS  - 1
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 70
EP  - 70
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Pays tribute to Subramanian Raman, senior staff member in the physics division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory who died on April 8, 2003.
KW  - RAMAN, Subramanian
N1  - Accession Number: 11795241; Ball, James Bertrand, Fred 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 57 Issue 1, p70; People: RAMAN, Subramanian; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Obituary; Full Text Word Count: 642
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bergmann, Sven
AU  - Ihmels, Jan
AU  - Barkai, Naama
AU  - Eisen, Michael
T1  - Similarities and Differences in Genome-Wide Expression Data of Six Organisms.
JO  - PLoS Biology
JF  - PLoS Biology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 0001
EP  - 0009
PB  - Public Library of Science
SN  - 15449173
AB  - Comparing genomic properties of different organisms is of fundamental importance in the study of biological and evolutionary principles. Although differences among organisms are often attributed to differential gene expression, genome-wide comparative analysis thus far has been based primarily on genomic sequence information. We present a comparative study of large datasets of expression profiles from six evolutionarily distant organisms: S. cerevisiae, C. elegans, E. coli, A. thaliana, D. melanogaster, and H. sapiens. We use genomic sequence information to connect these data and compare global and modular properties of the transcription programs. Linking genes whose expression profiles are similar, we find that for all organisms the connectivity distribution follows a power-law, highly connected genes tend to be essential and conserved, and the expression program is highly modular. We reveal the modular structure by decomposing each set of expression data into coexpressed modules. Functionally related sets of genes are frequently coexpressed in multiple organisms. Yet their relative importance to the transcription program and their regulatory relationships vary among organisms. Our results demonstrate the potential of combining sequence and expression data for improving functional gene annotation and expanding our understanding of how gene expression and diversity evolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of PLoS Biology is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 12019608; Bergmann, Sven 1 Ihmels, Jan 1 Barkai, Naama 1; Email Address: naama.barkai@weizmann.ac.il Eisen, Michael 2; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Molecular Genetics and Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 2 Issue 1, p0001; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: GENES; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hay, Benjamin P.
AU  - Uddin, Jamal
AU  - Firman, Timothy K.
T1  - Eight-coordinate stereochemistries of U(IV) catecholate and aquo complexes
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 02775387
AB  - An extended MM3 model has been used to identify all low energy configurations for U(IV) complexes with catecholate and aquo ligands. Both stochastic and systematic conformational analyses of [U(cat)n(OH2)8–2n]4–2n complexes, <f>n=1–4</f>, establish that 20 of the 67 possible stereochemistries are minima on the MM3 potential surface. The stable stereochemistries are reported for each stoichiometry and, where possible, the results are compared with experimental data and with the predictions from prior repulsion energy calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMECHANICS
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - MECHANICAL movements
KW  - AQUA ions
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - Bicapped trigonal prism
KW  - Dodecahedron
KW  - Eight-coordinate
KW  - Molecular mechanics
KW  - Square antiprism
KW  - Stereochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11768803; Hay, Benjamin P.; Email Address: ben.hay@pnl.gov Uddin, Jamal 1 Firman, Timothy K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS: K1-83, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p145; Subject Term: BIOMECHANICS; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: MECHANICAL movements; Subject Term: AQUA ions; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bicapped trigonal prism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dodecahedron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eight-coordinate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Square antiprism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stereochemistry; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.poly.2003.09.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patel, Mogon
AU  - Soames, Mark
AU  - Skinner, Anthony R.
AU  - Stephens, Thomas S.
T1  - Stress relaxation and thermogravimetric studies on room temperature vulcanised polysiloxane rubbers
JO  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
JF  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 83
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 01413910
AB  - The stress relaxation properties of foamed polysiloxane rubbers are important as they can influence the useful life of components made from such a polymer system. Of particular interest is understanding the changes in properties with time and temperature and whether the mechanisms responsible for stress relaxation are able to induce other material property changes. The stress relaxation properties of Dow Corning S5370 polysiloxane samples, aged under controlled conditions, have been measured using a Thermomechanical analyser (TMA) at a number of different temperatures. The results were assessed using the principle of Time-Temperature Superposition. Derived acceleration factors showed good adherence to the Arrhenius relationship and showed two regions where processes with different activation energies dominate. A transition region where there is a change in the predominant degradation process is evident at around 120 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies were used to provide an improved understanding of the degradation at elevated temperatures (>120 °C). Time-temperature superposition and Arrhenius treatment of the TGA results reveal an activation energy (75±6 kJ/mol) which correlates closely to that derived from stress relaxation (65±5 kJ/mol). Overall, these observations suggest that the degradation processes at elevated temperatures which influence stress relaxation also induce significant weight loss. The dominant degradation process at elevated temperatures(>120 °C) is most probably silicone head to tail unzipping reactions resulting in the production of volatile cyclic species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS relaxation (Mechanics)
KW  - RUBBER
KW  - SILOXANES
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - SILICONES
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - Polysiloxane rubber
KW  - Stress Relaxation
KW  - Weight loss
N1  - Accession Number: 12507628; Patel, Mogon 1; Email Address: mogon.patel@awe.co.uk Soames, Mark 1 Skinner, Anthony R. 1 Stephens, Thomas S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading RG7 4PR, UK  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 83 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: STRESS relaxation (Mechanics); Subject Term: RUBBER; Subject Term: SILOXANES; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: SILICONES; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polysiloxane rubber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress Relaxation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weight loss; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326291 Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00231-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Field Jr., R.V.
AU  - Grigoriu, M.
T1  - On the accuracy of the polynomial chaos approximation
JO  - Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics
JF  - Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 02668920
AB  - Polynomial chaos representations for non-Gaussian random variables and stochastic processes are infinite series of Hermite polynomials of standard Gaussian random variables with deterministic coefficients. Finite truncations of these series are referred to as polynomial chaos (PC) approximations. This paper explores features and limitations of PC approximations. Metrics are developed to assess the accuracy of the PC approximation. A collection of simple, but relevant examples is examined in this paper. The number of terms in the PC approximations used in the examples exceeds the number of terms retained in most current applications. For the examples considered, it is demonstrated that (1) the accuracy of the PC approximation improves in some metrics as additional terms are retained, but does not exhibit this behavior in all metrics considered in the paper, (2) PC approximations for strictly stationary, non-Gaussian stochastic processes are initially nonstationary and gradually may approach weak stationarity as the number of terms retained increases, and (3) the development of PC approximations for certain processes may become computationally demanding, or even prohibitive, because of the large number of coefficients that need to be calculated. However, there have been many applications in which PC approximations have been successful. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - Karhunen-Loève expansion
KW  - Polynomial chaos
KW  - Random variables
KW  - Stochastic processes
N1  - Accession Number: 12235610; Field Jr., R.V. 1; Email Address: rf63@cornell.edu Grigoriu, M. 2; Email Address: mdg12@cornell.edu; Affiliation:  1: Structural Dynamics Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA  2: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 19 Issue 1/2, p65; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Karhunen-Loève expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polynomial chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random variables; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic processes; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.probengmech.2003.11.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McConnel, Steven M.
T1  - Machine Safeguarding.
JO  - Professional Safety
JF  - Professional Safety
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 27
PB  - American Society of Safety Engineers
SN  - 00990027
AB  - Discusses a strategy in building an industrial program for machine hazards prevention.  Factual background on machine hazard safeguarding practices; Assessment of line management knowledge and worker compliance; Collaboration with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
KW  - Engineering
KW  - Industrial safety
KW  - Human-machine systems
KW  - Ergonomics
KW  - Systems engineering
KW  - Accident prevention
N1  - Accession Number: 11834082; McConnel, Steven M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p18; Thesaurus Term: Engineering; Thesaurus Term: Industrial safety; Subject Term: Human-machine systems; Subject Term: Ergonomics; Subject Term: Systems engineering; Subject Term: Accident prevention; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jehad A. M. AbuShama
AU  - S. Johnston
AU  - T. Moriarty
AU  - G. Teeter
AU  - K. Ramanathan
AU  - R. Noufi
T1  - Properties of ZnO/CdS/CuInSe2 solar cells with improved performance (This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the U.S.A.).
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 45
SN  - 10627995
AB  - We report the growth and characterization of low-bandgap record-efficiency ZnO/CdS/CuInSe2 thin-film solar cells. The total area conversion efficiency for this cell is 14·5%. This result has been measured and confirmed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory under standard reporting conditions (1000 W/m2, 25°C, AM1·5 Global). The improved performance of the CuInSe2 solar cell is primarily due to a high current density. Material and device characterization data are presented.. Published in 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Thin film devices
KW  - National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 20650557; Jehad A. M. AbuShama 1; S. Johnston 1; T. Moriarty 1; G. Teeter 1; K. Ramanathan 1; R. Noufi 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p39; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic cells; Subject Term: Thin film devices ; Company/Entity: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin A. Green
AU  - Keith Emery
AU  - David L. King
AU  - Sanekazu Igari
AU  - Wilhelm Warta
T1  - Solar cell efficiency tables (version 23).
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 62
SN  - 10627995
AB  - Consolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined and new entries since July 2003 are reviewed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Charts, diagrams, etc.
KW  - Guidelines
N1  - Accession Number: 20650555; Martin A. Green 1; Keith Emery 2; David L. King 3; Sanekazu Igari 4; Wilhelm Warta 5; Affiliations: 1: Centre for Photovoltaic Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM., 87123-0752, USA; 4: Energy Electronics Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 5: Fraunhofer-Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Department: Solar Cells—Materials and Technology, Heidenhofstr. 2; D-79110 Freiburg, Germany; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p55; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic cells; Subject Term: Charts, diagrams, etc.; Subject Term: Guidelines; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buxton, Karen A.
AU  - Gover, Harvey R.
T1  - A National Laboratory and University Branch Campus Library Partnership: Shared Benefits and Challenges from Combined Reference Services.
JO  - Reference Librarian
JF  - Reference Librarian
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 40
IS  - 83/84
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 262
SN  - 02763877
AB  - The Hanford Technical Library of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the Max F. Benitz Memorial Library of the Washington State University Tri-Cities Branch Campus have functioned both separately and in combination since moving into the same space within the Consolidated Information Center in 1997. The libraries have successfully partnered to serve different clientele at a combined reference desk since June 1997. Although having separate staffs, catalogs, and collections, the libraries share a single reference/information desk. The reference staffs work together to serve a very diverse clientele including students, faculty, engineers, scientists, contractors, regulators, and the public. The combined libraries offer significant benefits to both library staffs and their users. The libraries have expanded access to collections and information expertise, enhanced staff training opportunities, and provided additional hours of reference service to patrons while at the same time maintaining the individual identities the two libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Reference Librarian is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIBRARIES
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - INFORMATION retrieval
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - INFORMATION services
KW  - DOCUMENTATION
KW  - combined libraries
KW  - combined reference desk
KW  - consolidated libraries
KW  - Hanford Technical Library
KW  - Max E. Benitz Memorial Library
KW  - merged libraries
KW  - merged reference
KW  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
KW  - Washington State University Tri-Cities
N1  - Accession Number: 13111301; Buxton, Karen A. 1; Email Address: karen.buxton@pnl.gov Gover, Harvey R. 2; Email Address: hgover@tricity.wsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Information Specialist, Hanford Technical Library, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA  2: Assistant Campus Librarian, Max E. Benitz Memorial Library, Washington State University at Tri-Cities, Richland, WA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 83/84, p251; Subject Term: LIBRARIES; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; Subject Term: INFORMATION retrieval; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: INFORMATION services; Subject Term: DOCUMENTATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined reference desk; Author-Supplied Keyword: consolidated libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hanford Technical Library; Author-Supplied Keyword: Max E. Benitz Memorial Library; Author-Supplied Keyword: merged libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: merged reference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Washington State University Tri-Cities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519121 Libraries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300J120v40n83_20
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Combs, S.K.
AU  - Foust, C.R.
AU  - Gouge, M.J.
T1  - Fast-opening, high-throughput gas valve and application for inertial fusion energy R&D.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
EP  - 272
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A fast-opening, high-throughput gas valve and its application to inertial fusion energy (IFE) research and development are described. The valve is a pilot type with two stages of active components. The pilot or first stage section is magnetically driven and equipped with a 4.2-mm-diam orifice. The pilot valve is energized to initiate operations and dumps gas from the upstream section of the second stage to the main valve outlet, and the resultant pressure differential across the large (22.3-mm-diam) output orifice seat causes mechanical activation of the second stage. Both stages are equipped with hard polyimide stem tips and springs for sealing. The valve has been operated reliably with helium gas at pressures in the range of 4–35 bar and frequencies up to 6 Hz, with maximum flow rates of ≈10[sup 6] Torr l/s. The valve was developed to provide helium propellant gas for accelerating IFE targets to speeds up to 400 m/s in an experimental injector system under construction by General Atomics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - VALVES
KW  - POLYIMIDES
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
N1  - Accession Number: 11753318; Combs, S.K. 1; Email Address: combssk@ornl.gov Foust, C.R. 1 Gouge, M.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p270; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: VALVES; Subject Term: POLYIMIDES; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332912 Fluid Power Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332911 Industrial Valve Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dine, Michael
AU  - Kusenko, Alexander
T1  - Origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry.
JO  - Reviews of Modern Physics
JF  - Reviews of Modern Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 76
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 30
SN  - 00346861
AB  - Although the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry remains unknown, continuing advances in theory and improved experimental limits have ruled out some scenarios for baryogenesis, for example, sphaleron baryogenesis at the electroweak phase transition in the Standard Model. At the same time, the success of cosmological inflation and the prospects for discovering supersymmetry at the Large Hadron Collider have put some other models in sharper focus. We review the current state of our understanding of baryogenesis with emphasis on those scenarios that we consider most plausible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Reviews of Modern Physics is the property of American Physical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATTER
KW  - ANTIMATTER
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 13525280; Dine, Michael 1 Kusenko, Alexander 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA  3: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 76 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: ANTIMATTER; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC interactions; Number of Pages: 30p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Endres, R. G.
AU  - Cox, D. L.
AU  - Singh, R. R. P.
T1  - Colloquium: The quest for high-conductance DNA.
JO  - Reviews of Modern Physics
JF  - Reviews of Modern Physics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 76
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
EP  - 214
SN  - 00346861
AB  - The DNA molecule, well known from biology for containing the genetic code of all living species, has recently caught the attention of chemists and physicists. A major reason for this interest is DNA's potential use in nanoelectronic devices, both as a template for assembling nanocircuits and as an element of such circuits. Without question, a truly conducting form of DNA would have a major impact on developments in nanotechnology. It has also been suggested that extended electronic states of DNA could play an important role in biology, e.g., through the processes of DNA damage sensing or repair or through long-range charge transfer. However, the electronic properties of DNA remain very controversial. Charge-transfer reactions and conductivity measurements show a large variety of possible electronic behavior, ranging from Anderson and band-gap insulators to effective molecular wires and induced superconductors. Indeed, understanding the conductance of a complicated polyelectrolytic aperiodic system is by itself a major scientific problem. In this Colloquium, the authors summarize the wide-ranging experimental and theoretical results and look for any consistencies between them. They also pose simple questions regarding the electronic states of DNA within the framework of generalized Hückel and Slater-Koster theories. The Colloquium provides a quantitative overview of DNA's electronic states as obtained from density-functional theory, focusing on dependence on structure, on molecular stretching and twisting, and on water and counterions. While there is no clear theoretical basis for truly metallic DNA, situations are discussed in which very small energy gaps might arise in the overall DNA/water/counterion complex, leading to thermally activated conduction at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Reviews of Modern Physics is the property of American Physical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - GENETIC code
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - ELECTRONIC materials
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13525284; Endres, R. G. 1 Cox, D. L. 2 Singh, R. R. P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Sciences and Computer Science & Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6114, USA  2: Department of Physics and Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 76 Issue 1, p195; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: GENETIC code; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC materials; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wallace, Terry C.
AU  - Hall-Wallace, Michelle K.
T1  - Arizona's Gold Rushes.
JO  - Rocks & Minerals
JF  - Rocks & Minerals
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 38
SN  - 00357529
AB  - One of the most enduring images of early Arizona is the solitary prospector seeking his fortune in gold in the inhospitable Sonoran Desert. Although Arizona has some rich gold deposits, the state has produced far more lost-mine stories than spectacular mineral specimens. This article focuses on the stature of Gold mines and mining in Arizona, as of January 2004. Most of the gold in Arizona was produced as a byproduct of low-grade copper mining, so specimens documenting Arizona's gold history are relatively rare.  INSETS: The Most Wicked Place in Arizona;The Lost Dutchman Mine;Oatman: The Naming of the Town.
KW  - GOLD mines & mining
KW  - GOLD
KW  - HISTORY
KW  - MINES & mineral resources
KW  - PRECIOUS metals
KW  - SONORAN Desert
KW  - ARIZONA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 11777194; Wallace, Terry C. 1,2; Email Address: wallacet@lanl.gov Hall-Wallace, Michelle K. 3,4; Email Address: hall@geo.arizona.edu; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, M.S. D446, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Acting division leader of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721  4: professor of geosciences at the University of Arizona specializing in science education. She is the author of numerous textbooks that utilize geographic information systems to teach about various aspects of earth science.; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 79 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: GOLD mines & mining; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: HISTORY; Subject Term: MINES & mineral resources; Subject Term: PRECIOUS metals; Subject Term: SONORAN Desert; Subject Term: ARIZONA; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212220 Gold and silver ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212221 Gold Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Color Photographs, 10 Black and White Photographs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5533
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babu, S. S.
AU  - David, S. A.
AU  - Park, J. W.
AU  - Vitek, J. M.
T1  - Joining of nickel base superalloy single crystals.
JO  - Science & Technology of Welding & Joining
JF  - Science & Technology of Welding & Joining
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13621718
AB  - The paper reviews scientific and technological issues related to repair weldability of nickel base single crystal superalloys. The role of weld pool geometry and crystallographic orientation of the single crystals on the solidification grain structure was discussed. Results of asymmetric cracking during welding of thin crystals due to stray grain formation were introduced. The role of high resolution characterisation tools including electron microscopy and atom probe field ion microscopy in understangding non-equilibrium microstructure evolution was demonstrated. Computational methodologies to describe the dynamic thermal, stress and microstrutural evolutions to describe weldability as well as the performance of these welds were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science & Technology of Welding & Joining is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Weldability
KW  - DUCTILITY
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - computational weldability
KW  - nickel alloys
KW  - SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION GRAIN STRUCTURE
KW  - solidification grain structure.
N1  - Accession Number: 13030308; Babu, S. S. 1 David, S. A. 1 Park, J. W. 1 Vitek, J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6096, USA.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: METALS -- Weldability; Subject Term: DUCTILITY; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational weldability; Author-Supplied Keyword: nickel alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOLIDIFICATION GRAIN STRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: solidification grain structure.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/136217104225017080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simon, Horst D.
T1  - Manipulating and Visualizing Proteins.
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Focuses on the creation of data about the chemical makeup and genetic codes of living organisms.  Development of ProteinShop, a visualization and modeling program by researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California; Manipulation of protein structures; Function of ProteinShop in speeding up the discovery process.
KW  - VISUAL programming (Computer science)
KW  - GENETIC code
KW  - ORGANISMS
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 12010792; Simon, Horst D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Director of the NERSC Center and Computational Research Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p30; Subject Term: VISUAL programming (Computer science); Subject Term: GENETIC code; Subject Term: ORGANISMS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hou, P.Y.
AU  - Zhang, X.F.
AU  - Cannon, R.M.
T1  - Impurity distribution in Al2O3 formed on an FeCrAl alloy
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 50
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Analytical electron microscopy and Auger spectroscopy were used to study the amount and distribution of Fe, Cr and S impurities in the Al2O3 scale grown on an FeCrAl alloy. Segregations of Fe on grain boundaries and S on internal void surfaces were found, and a mechanism of intragranular void formation in Al2O3 is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - IRON
KW  - AES
KW  - Alumina
KW  - Analytical electron microscopy
KW  - Iron alloys
KW  - Oxidation
N1  - Accession Number: 11040906; Hou, P.Y.; Email Address: pyhou@lbl.gov Zhang, X.F. 1 Cannon, R.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62-203, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: IRON; Author-Supplied Keyword: AES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.09.044
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arafat, Hassan A.
AU  - Ahnert, Falk
AU  - Pinto, Neville G.
T1  - On the Adsorption of Aromatics on Oxygenated Activated Carbon in Nonaqueous Adsorption Media.
JO  - Separation Science & Technology
JF  - Separation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 62
SN  - 01496395
AB  - In a previous study, H-bonding was postulated as a mechanism of adsorption for aromatics on oxygen-containing activated carbon. To verify this, the adsorption of phenol, aniline, benzene, and nitrobenzene was studied as a function of surface oxygen groups. It was determined that there is a linear correlation between total surface acidity and adsorption capacity for H-bonding adsorbates in cyclohexane. Flow microcalorimetry (FMC) and ultrasonic desorption tests also indicate stronger and less reversible adsorption bonds for H-bonding adsorbates. Reversibility of adsorption decreased with increasing surface oxygen concentration, indicating a strong relationship between the oxygen groups and adsorption mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Separation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - ACTIVATED carbon
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ACIDITY function
KW  - Activated carbon
KW  - Micro-calorimetry
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Surface treatment
KW  - Ultrasonic measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 12021281; Arafat, Hassan A. 1 Ahnert, Falk 2 Pinto, Neville G. 3; Email Address: neville.pinto@uc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA  2: Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands  3: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 39 Issue 1, p43; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: ACTIVATED carbon; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ACIDITY function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activated carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrasonic measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SS-120027400
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhenyue Zhang
AU  - Hongyuan Zha
AU  - Horst Simon
T1  - LOW-RANK APPROXIMATIONS WITH SPARSE FACTORS II: PENALIZED METHODS WITH DISCRETE NEWTON-LIKE ITERATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
EP  - 920
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - In (SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl., 23 (2002), pp. 706–727, we developed numerical algorithms for computing sparse low-rank approximations of matrices, and we also provided a detailed error analysis of the proposed algorithms together with some numerical experiments. The low-rank approximations are constructed in a certain factored form with the degree of sparsity of the factors controlled by some user-specified parameters. In this paper, we cast the sparse low-rank approximation problem in the framework of penalized optimization problems. We discuss various approximation schemes for the penalized optimization problem which are more amenable to numerical computations. We also include some analysis to show the relations between the original optimization problem and the reduced one. We then develop a globally convergent discrete Newton-like iterative method for solving the approximate penalized optimization problems. We also compare the reconstruction errors of the sparse low-rank approximations computed by our new methods with those obtained using the methods in the earlier paper and several other existing methods for computing sparse low-rank approximations. Numerical examples show that the penalized methods are more robust and produce approximations with factors which have fewer columns and are sparser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - ERROR analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - low-rank matrix approximation
KW  - perturbation analysis
KW  - singular value decomposition
KW  - sparse factorization
N1  - Accession Number: 14678948; Zhenyue Zhang 1; Email Address: zyzhang@zju.edu.cn Hongyuan Zha 2; Email Address: zha@cse.psu.edu Horst Simon 3; Email Address: HDSimon@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang University, Yu-Quan Campus, Hangzhou, 310027, Peopl'es Republic of China  2: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802  3: National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, M/S: 50B, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p901; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: ERROR analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: low-rank matrix approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: perturbation analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular value decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: sparse factorization; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0895479801394477
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, L.J.
AU  - Glaeser, J.M.
AU  - Kaplan, T.
T1  - DIRECT EVALUATION OF HYPERSINGULAR GALERKIN SURFACE INTEGRALS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1534
EP  - 1556
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - A direct algorithm for evaluating hypersingular integrals arising in a three-dimensional Galerkin boundary integral analysis is presented. The singular integrals are defined as limits to the boundary, and by integrating two of the four dimensions analytically, the coincident integral is shown to be divergent. However, the divergent terms can be explicitly calculated and shown to cancel with corresponding singularities in the adjacent edge integrals. A single analytic integration is employed for the edge and vertex singular integrals. This is sufficient to display the divergent term in the edge-adjacent integral and to show that the vertex integral is finite. By explicitly identifying the divergent quantities, we can compute the hypersingular integral without recourse to Stokes's theorem or the Hadamard finite part. The algorithms are developed in the context of a linear element approximation for the Laplace equation but are expected to be generally applicable. As an example, the algorithms are applied to solve a thermal problem in an exponentially graded material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - INTEGRALS
KW  - boundary integral method
KW  - Galerkin approximation
KW  - hypersingular integrals
KW  - Laplace equation
N1  - Accession Number: 14446048; Gray, L.J. 1; Email Address: ljg@ornl.gov Glaeser, J.M. 2; Email Address: julia.glaeser@lmco.com Kaplan, T. 1; Email Address: tsk@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367  2: Lockheed Martin Naval Electronic & Surveillance Systems, Moorestown, NJ 08057; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 25 Issue 5, p1534; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: INTEGRALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: boundary integral method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galerkin approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: hypersingular integrals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace equation; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11137/S11064827502405999
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barth, Teri
AU  - Bochev, Pavel
AU  - Gunzburger, Max
AU  - Shadid, John
T1  - A TAXONOMY OF CONSISTENTLY STABILIZED FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR THE STOKES PROBLEM.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1585
EP  - 1607
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Stabilized mixed methods can circumvent the restrictive inf-sup condition without introducing penalty errors. For properly chosen stabilization parameters these methods are well-posed for all conforming velocity-pressure pairs. However, their variational forms have widely varying properties. First, stabilization offers a choice between weakly or strongly coercive bilinear forms that give rise to linear systems with identical solutions but very different matrix properties. Second, coercivity may be conditional upon a proper choice of a stabilizing parameter. Here we focus on how these two aspects of stabilized methods affect their accuracy and efficient iterative solution. We present results that indicate a preference of Krylov subspace solvers for strongly coercive formulations. Stability criteria obtained by finite element and algebraic analyses are compared with numerical experiments. While for two popular classes of stabilized methods, sufficient stability bounds correlate well with numerical stability, our experiments indicate the intriguing possibility that the pressure-stabilized Galerkin method is unconditionally stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - STOKES equations
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - coercive forms
KW  - iterative solvers
KW  - mixed methods
KW  - stabilized finite element methods
N1  - Accession Number: 14446067; Barth, Teri 1; Email Address: tlbarth@sandia.gov Bochev, Pavel 1; Email Address: pbboche@sandia.gov Gunzburger, Max 2; Email Address: gunzburg@csit.fsu.edu Shadid, John 3; Email Address: jnshadi@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Mathematics and Algorithms Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110  2: School of Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4120  3: Computational Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 25 Issue 5, p1585; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: STOKES equations; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: coercive forms; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative solvers; Author-Supplied Keyword: mixed methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: stabilized finite element methods; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1064827502407718
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14446067&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Devine, Warren D.
AU  - Mullen, Michael D.
AU  - Tyler, Donald D.
AU  - Houston, Allan E.
AU  - Joslin, John D.
AU  - Hodges, Donald G.
AU  - Tolbert, Virginia R.
AU  - Walsh, Marie E.
T1  - Conversion from a Sycamore Biomass Crop to a No-till Corn System: Effects on Soils.
JO  - Soil Science Society of America Journal
JF  - Soil Science Society of America Journal
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 68
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 233
SN  - 03615995
AB  - Agricultural lands may be used to produce short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) for fuel or fiber, but the effects of SRWCs on soils are poorly understood. In this study, a SRWC was integrated with an annual row crop system in a row crop-SRWC-row crop rotation. The objective was to document the effects of the woody crop on soil total C, N, inorganic N, and aggregate stability after the site was returned to row crop production. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was followed by 4- and 5-yr rotations of American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), followed by no-till corn (Zea mays L.) (SY4C and SY5C, respectively). Continuous row crops (soybean converted to corn) served as a control (SBC). Four rates of broadcast NH[sub 4]NO[sub 3] were applied to corn. The study was in southwestern Tennessee on a Memphis-Loring silt loam intergrade (fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Hapludalfs-fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs). During 3 yr of post-sycamore corn production, increases in soil total C concentration below a 2.5-cm depth were attributed to the sycamore crop. After fertilization of first-year corn at 73 and 146 kg N ha[sup -1], soil inorganic N concentrations were lower in the SY4C than the SBC system from 0 to 2.5 cm. Mean weight diameter (MWD) of water-stable soil aggregates at depths of 2.5 to 15 cm was greater for the SY4C than the SBC system. Four- and 5-yr sycamore rotations significantly affected chemical and physical properties of an agricultural soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Science Society of America Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soils
KW  - Energy crops
KW  - Crop rotation
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 12272098; Devine, Warren D. 1; Email Address: wdevine@fs.fed.us; Mullen, Michael D. 2; Tyler, Donald D. 3; Houston, Allan E. 4; Joslin, John D. 5; Hodges, Donald G. 6; Tolbert, Virginia R. 7; Walsh, Marie E. 7; Affiliations: 1: Olympia Forestry Sciences Lab., USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station, WA; 2: Dep. of Agronomy Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; 3: West Tennessee Experiment Station, Univ. of Tennesseee, TN; 4: Ames Plantation, Univ. of Tennessee, TN; 5: Belowground Forest Research, TN; 6: Dep. of Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN; 7: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN; Issue Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 68 Issue 1, p225; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Energy crops; Thesaurus Term: Crop rotation; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Subject: Tennessee; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 21 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macdonald, D.H.
AU  - Cuevas, A.
AU  - Kerr, M.J.
AU  - Samundsett, C.
AU  - Ruby, D.
AU  - Winderbaum, S.
AU  - Leo, A.
T1  - Texturing industrial multicrystalline silicon solar cells
JO  - Solar Energy
JF  - Solar Energy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 76
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
SN  - 0038092X
AB  - Three potential techniques for texturing commercial multicrystalline silicon solar cells are compared on the basis of reflectance measurements. Wet acidic texturing, which would be the least costly to implement, produces a modest improvement in reflection before antireflection coating and encapsulation, whereas maskless reactive-ion etching texturing, and especially masked reactive-ion etched ‘pyramids’, generate a larger gain in absorption. After antireflection coating and encapsulation however, the differences between the methods are reduced. Short-circuit current measurements on wet acidic textured cells reveal that there is a significant additional current gain above that expected from the reduced reflection. This is attributed to both light-trapping and oblique coupling of incident light into the cell, resulting in generation closer to the junction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Reflectance
KW  - Reflection (Optics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11729821; Macdonald, D.H. 1; Email Address: daniel.macdonald@anu.edu.au; Cuevas, A. 1; Kerr, M.J. 1; Samundsett, C. 1; Ruby, D. 2; Winderbaum, S. 3; Leo, A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Engineering, FEIT, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0752, USA; 3: BPSolar, 2 Australia Avenue, Homebush Bay, NSW 2127, Australia; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 76 Issue 1-3, p277; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic cells; Subject Term: Crystals; Subject Term: Reflectance; Subject Term: Reflection (Optics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solener.2003.08.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bae, H.-J.
AU  - Sigman, J.
AU  - Park, S.-J.
AU  - Heo, Y.-H.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
T1  - Growth of semiconducting KTaO3 thin films
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
SN  - 00381101
AB  - In this study, the synthesis and semiconducting properties of cation and defect-doped KTaO3 films is reported. KTaO3 is an important material for optoelectronic and tunable microwave applications. It is an incipient ferroelectric with a cubic structure that becomes ferroelectric when doped with Nb. While numerous studies have investigated the thin-film growth of semiconducting perovskites, little is reported about semiconducting KTaO3 thin films. In this work, the films were grown on (1 0 0) MgO single crystal substrates using pulsed-laser deposition. Semiconducting behavior is achieved by inducing oxygen vacancies in the KTaO3 lattice via growth in a hydrogen atmosphere. The resistivity of semiconducting KTaO3:Ca films was as low as 10 Ω cm, and n-type semiconducting behavior was indicated. Hall mobility and carrier concentration were 0.27 cm2/V s and 3.2 × 1018 cm−3, respectively. Crystallinity and microstructure of the KTaO3:Ca films were examined using X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11172698; Bae, H.-J. 1 Sigman, J. 1 Park, S.-J. 1 Heo, Y.-H. 1 Boatner, L.A. 2 Norton, D.P. 1; Email Address: dnort@mse.uf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p51; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00240-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasanuzzaman, Md.
AU  - Islam, Syed K.
AU  - Tolbert, Leon M.
T1  - Effects of temperature variation (300–600 K) in MOSFET modeling in 6H–silicon carbide
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Silicon carbide (SiC) based devices perform very well in severe environments and show excellent device characteristics at very high temperatures and in high radiation environments. An analytical model for a lateral MOSFET that includes the effects of temperature variation in 6H–SiC poly-type has been developed. The effects of elevated ambient and substrate temperatures (300–600 K) on the electrical characteristics as well as the variation of large and small signal parameters of the lateral MOSFET have been studied. The model includes the effects of temperature on the threshold voltage, carrier mobility, the body leakage current, and the drain and source contact region resistances. The MOSFET output characteristics and parameter values have been compared with previously measured experimental data. A good agreement between the analytical model and the experimental data has been observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - High temperature MOSFET
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Temperature variation effect
N1  - Accession Number: 11172709; Hasanuzzaman, Md. 1 Islam, Syed K. 1,2 Tolbert, Leon M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2100, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6472, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p125; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature MOSFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature variation effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00293-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11172709&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Jihyun
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Baca, A.G.
AU  - Chung, G.Y.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
T1  - Thermal stability of WSiX Schottky contacts on n-type 4H-SiC
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Sputter-deposited WSi0.45 rectifying contacts were characterized on n-type 4H-SiC as a function of annealing and measuremental temperature. The as-deposited contacts show evidence of recombination-dominated carrier transport and a high series resistance due to ion-induced damage occurring during the Ar plasma-assisted deposition. Annealing at 500 °C for 1 min produced a maximum barrier height of 1.15 eV and reduced the diode ideality factor. The contacts were degraded by annealing at >700 °C but showed reduced forward and reverse currents when measured at elevated temperature (300 °C) compared to the more common Ni rectifying contacts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRIC current rectifiers
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 11172717; Kim, Jihyun 1 Ren, F. 1; Email Address: ren@che.ufl.edu Baca, A.G. 2 Chung, G.Y. 3 Pearton, S.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Sterling Semiconductor, Tampa, FL 33619, USA  4: Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p175; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRIC current rectifiers; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00113-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11172717&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stepinski, D. C.
AU  - McAlister, D. R.
AU  - Zalupski, P. R.
AU  - Chiarizia, R.
AU  - Herlinger, A. W.
T1  - An Investigation of Ester Group Steric Effects on Metal Ion Extraction by Symmetrically Substituted Methylenediphosphonic Acids.
JO  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
JF  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 103
SN  - 07366299
AB  - Symmetrically substituted partial alkyl-esters of methylenediphosphonic acid are powerful metal ion extractants for actinides in all oxidation states. A preliminary study of calcium and americium(III) extraction by the n-octyl and 2-ethylhexyl di-substituted esters of methylenediphosphonic acid revealed the distribution ratios and the nitric acid dependency behaviors for the two extractants to be very similar, with the extraction efficiency for the n-octyl ester somewhat higher than for the 2-ethylhexyl derivative. Since the basicity of the phosphoryl groups in the two extractants should be essentially the same, the differences in the solvent extraction efficiency of these two C8-alkyl-substituted ligands could arise from differences in the steric requirements of the ester groups. Ester group steric effects on metal ion extraction for a series of symmetrically alkyl-substituted partial esters and identically substituted tetra-esters of methylenediphosphonic acid were investigated to gain insight into these differences. The symmetrical tetra-esters were included in this study to avoid potential complications from the strong hydrogen bonding and aggregation effects associated with the partial esters. Specifically, strontium and americium(III) extraction by n-hexyl, 2,4,4-trimethylpentyl and cyclohexyl di-esters of methylenediphosphonic acid, and americium(III) extraction by identically substituted n-hexyl, 2,4,4-trimethylpentyl, 3-(trimethylsilyl)propyl and 2-ethylhexyl tetra-esters were measured. This data demonstrates the influence of ester group steric requirements on the solvent extraction efficiency of alkyl-substituted methylenediphosphonic acids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTERS
KW  - STERIC hindrance
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - EXTRACTION (Chemistry)
KW  - Diphosphonic acids
KW  - Ester substituent
KW  - Metal ion extraction
KW  - Steric effects
N1  - Accession Number: 12270833; Stepinski, D. C. 1 McAlister, D. R. 1 Zalupski, P. R. 1 Chiarizia, R. 2 Herlinger, A. W. 1; Email Address: aherlin@luc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p89; Subject Term: ESTERS; Subject Term: STERIC hindrance; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: EXTRACTION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Diphosphonic acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ester substituent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal ion extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steric effects; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SEI-120028004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saunders, R.S.
AU  - Arvidson, R.E.
AU  - Badhwar, G.D.
AU  - Boynton, W.V
AU  - Christensen, P.R.
AU  - Cucinotta, F.A.
AU  - Feldman, W.C.
AU  - Gibbs, R.G.
AU  - Kloss Jr., C.
AU  - Landano, M.R.
AU  - Mase, R.A.
AU  - McSmith, G.W.
AU  - Meyer, M.A.
AU  - Mitrofanov, I.G.
AU  - Pace, G.D.
AU  - Plaut, J.J.
AU  - Sidney, W.P.
AU  - Spencer, D.A.
AU  - Thompson, T.W.
AU  - Zeitlin, C.J.
T1  - 2001 Mars Odyssey Mission Summary.
JO  - Space Science Reviews
JF  - Space Science Reviews
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 36
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00386308
AB  - The 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft, now in orbit at Mars, will observe the Martian surface at infrared and visible wavelengths to determine surface mineralogy and morphology, acquire global gamma ray and neutron observations for a full Martian year, and study the Mars radiation environment from orbit. The science objectives of this mission are to: (1) globally map the elemental composition of the surface, (2) determine the abundance of hydrogen in the shallow subsurface, (3) acquire high spatial and spectral resolution images of the surface mineralogy, (4) provide information on the morphology of the surface, and (5) characterize the Martian near-space radiation environment as related to radiation-induced risk to human explorers. To accomplish these objectives, the 2001 Mars Odyssey science payload includes a Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS), a multi-spectral Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS), and a radiation detector, the Martian Radiation Environment Experiment (MARIE). THEMIS and MARIE are mounted on the spacecraft with THEMIS pointed at nadir. GRS is a suite of three instruments: a Gamma Subsystem (GSS), a Neutron Spectrometer (NS) and a High-Energy Neutron Detector (HENID). The HEND and NS instruments are mounted on the spacecraft body while the GSS is on a 6-m boom. Some science data were collected during the cruise and aerobraking phases of the mission before the prime mission started. THEMIS acquired infrared and visible images of the Earth-Moon system and of the southern hemisphere of Mars. MARIE monitored the radiation environment during cruise. The GRS collected calibration data during cruise and aerobraking. Early GRS observations in Mars orbit indicated a hydrogen-rich layer in the upper meter of the subsurface in the Southern Hemisphere. Also, atmospheric densities, scale heights, temperatures, and pressures were observed by spacecraft accelerometers during aerobraking as the spacecraft skimmed the upper portions of the Martian atmosphere. This provided the first in-situ evidence of winter polar warming in the Mars upper atmosphere. The prime mission for 2001 Mars Odyssey began in February 2002 and will continue until August 2004. During this prime mission, the 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft will also provide radio relays for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and European landers in early 2004. Science data from 2001 Mars Odyssey instruments will be provided to the science community via NASA's Planetary Data System (PDS). The first PDS release of Odyssey data was in October 2002; subsequent releases occur every 3 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Space Science Reviews is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - EXPLORATION
KW  - SURFACE
N1  - Accession Number: 15102673; Saunders, R.S. 1,2 Arvidson, R.E. 3 Badhwar, G.D. 4 Boynton, W.V 5 Christensen, P.R. 6 Cucinotta, F.A. 4 Feldman, W.C. 7 Gibbs, R.G. 1 Kloss Jr., C. 1 Landano, M.R. 1 Mase, R.A. 1 McSmith, G.W. 1 Meyer, M.A. 2 Mitrofanov, I.G. 8 Pace, G.D. 1,9 Plaut, J.J. 1; Email Address: plaut@jpl.nasa.gov Sidney, W.P. 10 Spencer, D.A. 1 Thompson, T.W. 1 Zeitlin, C.J. 11; Affiliation:  1: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, U.S.A.  2: NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546-0001, U.S.A.  3: Washington University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, St Louis, MO 63130, U.S.A.  4: Johnson Space Center NASA, Houston, TX 77058-3696, U.S.A.  5: University of Arizona, Department of Planetary Sciences, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory Tucson, AZ 85 721, U.S.A.  6: Arizona State University, Department of Geological Sciences, Tempe, AZ 85287-6305, U.S.A.  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  8: The Russian Aviation and Space Agency's Institute for Space Research (IKI), Laboratory of Space Gamma Ray Spectroscopy, Moscow, Russia  9: Now at Science Applications International Corporation, San Juan Capistrano, CA 92675, U.S.A.  10: Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver CO 80201, U.S.A.  11: National Space Biomedical Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 110 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: MARS (Planet); Subject Term: MINERALOGY; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: EXPLORATION; Subject Term: SURFACE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boynton, W.V.
AU  - Feldman, W.C.
AU  - Mitrofanov, I.G.
AU  - Evans, L.G.
AU  - Reedy, R.C.
AU  - Squyres, S.W.
AU  - Starr, R.
AU  - Trombka, J.I.
AU  - D'uston, C.
AU  - Arnold, J.R.
AU  - Englert, P.A.J.
AU  - Metzger, A.E.
AU  - Wänke, H.
AU  - Brückner, J.
AU  - Drake, D.M.
AU  - Shinohara, C.
AU  - Fellows, C.
AU  - Hamara, D.K.
AU  - Harshman, K.
AU  - Kerry, K.
T1  - The Mars Odyssey Gamma-Ray Spectrometer Instrument Suite.
JO  - Space Science Reviews
JF  - Space Science Reviews
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 83
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00386308
AB  - The Mars Odyssey Gamma-Ray Spectrometer is a suite of three different instruments, a gamma subsystem (GS), a neutron spectrometer, and a high-energy neutron detector, working together to collect data that will permit the mapping of elemental concentrations on the surface of Mars. The instruments are complimentary in that the neutron instruments have greater sensitivity to low amounts of hydrogen, but their signals saturate as the hydrogen content gets high. The hydrogen signal in the GS, on the other hand, does not saturate at high hydrogen contents and is sensitive to small differences in hydrogen content even when hydrogen is very abundant. The hydrogen signal in the neutron instruments and the GS have a different dependence on depth, and thus by combining both data sets we can infer not only the amount of hydrogen, but constrain its distribution with depth. In addition to hydrogen, the GS determines the abundances of several other elements. The instruments, the basis of the technique, and the data processing requirements are described as are some expected applications of the data to scientific problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Space Science Reviews is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - SURFACE
KW  - EXPLORATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15102672; Boynton, W.V. 1; Email Address: WBoynton@GAMMA1.lpl.arizona.edu Feldman, W.C. 2 Mitrofanov, I.G. 3 Evans, L.G. 4 Reedy, R.C. 5 Squyres, S.W. 6 Starr, R. 7 Trombka, J.I. 8 D'uston, C. 9 Arnold, J.R. 10 Englert, P.A.J. 11 Metzger, A.E. 12 Wänke, H. 13 Brückner, J. 13 Drake, D.M. 14 Shinohara, C. 1 Fellows, C. 1 Hamara, D.K. 1 Harshman, K. 1 Kerry, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Arizona, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory; Tucson, AZ 85721, U.S.A.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  3: Space Research Institute, Moscow  4: Science Programs, Computer Sciences Corporation, Lanham, Maryland 20706, U.S.A.  5: Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque NM 87131, U.S.A.  6: Cornell University, Center for Radiophysics & Space Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A.  7: Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, U.S.A.  8: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD 20771, U.S.A.  9: Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, Toulouse, France  10: University of California San Diego, Department of Chemistry La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A.  11: University of Hawaii, Manoa, HI, U.S.A.  12: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA 91109, U.S.A.  13: Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, 6500 Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany  14: TechSource, Sante Fe, NM 87505, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 110 Issue 1/2, p37; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: MARS (Planet); Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: SURFACE; Subject Term: EXPLORATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 47p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saganti, Premkumar B.
AU  - Cucinotta, Francis A.
AU  - Wilson, John W.
AU  - Simonsen, Lisa C.
AU  - Zeitlin, Cary
T1  - Radiation climate map for analyzing risks to astronauts on the mars surface from galactic cosmic rays.
JO  - Space Science Reviews
JF  - Space Science Reviews
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 110
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
EP  - 156
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00386308
AB  - The potential risks for late effects including cancer, cataracts, and neurological disorders due to exposures to the galactic cosmic rays (GCR) is a large concern for the human exploration of Mars. Physical models are needed to project the radiation exposures to be received by astronauts in transit to Mars and on the Mars surface, including the understanding of the modification of the GCR by the Martian atmosphere and identifying shielding optimization approaches. The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) mission has been collecting Martian surface topographical data with the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA). Here we present calculations of radiation climate maps of the surface of Mars using the MOLA data, the radiation transport model HZETRN (high charge and high energy transport), and the quantum multiple scattering fragmentation model, QMSFRG. Organ doses and the average number of particle hits per cell nucleus from GCR components (protons, heavy ions, and neutrons) are evaluated as a function of the altitude on the Martian surface. Approaches to improve the accuracy of the radiation climate map, presented here using data from the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Space Science Reviews is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALACTIC cosmic rays
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MULTIPLE scattering (Physics)
KW  - EXPLORATION
KW  - SURFACE
N1  - Accession Number: 15102669; Saganti, Premkumar B. 1; Email Address: premkurneur@saqanti1@jsc.nasa.gov Cucinotta, Francis A. 2 Wilson, John W. 3 Simonsen, Lisa C. 3 Zeitlin, Cary 4; Affiliation:  1: Lockheed Martin Space Operations, Houston TX-77058, U.S.A.  2: NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX-77058, U.S.A.  3: NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA -23681 , U.S.A.  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA-94720, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 110 Issue 1/2, p143; Subject Term: GALACTIC cosmic rays; Subject Term: MARS (Planet); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MULTIPLE scattering (Physics); Subject Term: EXPLORATION; Subject Term: SURFACE; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Assefa, Zerihun
AU  - Haire, R.G.
AU  - Raison, P.E.
T1  - Photoluminescence and Raman studies of Sm3+ and Nd3+ ions in zirconia matrices: example of energy transfer and host–guest interactions
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 13861425
AB  - Photoluminescence and Raman studies on Sm3+- and Nd3+-doped zirconia are reported. The Raman studies indicate that the monoclinic (m) phase dominates up to a 10 at.% lanthanide level, while stabilization of the cubic phase is attained at ∼20 and ∼25 at.% of Sm3+ and Nd3+, respectively. Both systems are strongly luminescent under photo-excitation. The emission spectrum at 77 K of the ZrO2:Sm3+ system consists of a broad band at 505 nm, that corresponds to the zirconia matrix. At room temperature the band maximum blue-shifts to 490 nm. Sharper bands corresponding to f–f transitions within the Sm3+ion are also exhibited in the longer wavelength region of the spectrum. Exclusive excitation of the zirconia matrix provides sensitized emission from the acceptor Sm3+ ion. The excitation profile is dominated by a broad band at 325 nm when monitored either at the zirconia or at one of the Sm3+ emissions. A spectral overlap between the 6H5/2→4G7/2 absorption of the Sm3+ ion with the zirconia emission leads to an efficient energy transfer process in the systems. Multiple facets of the spectral behavior of the Sm3+ or Nd3+ in the zirconia matrices, as well as the effects of compositions on the emission and Raman properties of the materials, and the role of defect centers in photoluminescence and the energy transfer processes are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - DOPED semiconductors
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - Energy-transfer
KW  - Lanthanide
KW  - Photo-luminescence
KW  - Sensitized emission
N1  - Accession Number: 11609344; Assefa, Zerihun 1; Email Address: assefaz@ornl.gov Haire, R.G. 1 Raison, P.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, MS 6375, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA  2: European Commission-Institute for Energy, Joint Research Center of Petten, Postbus Nr. 2 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 60 Issue 1/2, p89; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: DOPED semiconductors; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photo-luminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitized emission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1386-1425(03)00183-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geipel, G.
AU  - Acker, M.
AU  - Vulpius, D.
AU  - Bernhard, G.
AU  - Nitsche, H.
AU  - Fanghänel, Th.
T1  - An ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy system for metal ion complexation studies with organic ligands
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 60
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
SN  - 13861425
AB  - A dedicated spectrofluorimeter using ultrashort laser pulses as an excitation source was developed to measure the fluorescence properties of organic ligands for metal ion complexation with organic ligands. The laser system consists of an oscillator system for generation of femtosecond laser pulses, an amplifier system to increase the pulse energy of the generated pulses to about 2 mJ and an optical parametrical amplifier system to provide tunable laser pulses over a wide wavelength range (280 nm–10 μm). The laser pulses were applied to the sample and the emitted fluorescence was detected using a fast-gating intensified CCD camera-based spectrometer. To verify the performance of the laser, the well-known protonation constant [Pure Appl. Chem. 69 (1997) 329] of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid was determined. The fluorescence lifetime of the excited species was determined as 375±32 ps in the pH range from 1.0 to 6.0, having a fluorescence emission maximum at 438 nm. The first protonation constant was determined from fluorescence data as log K3=3.17±0.05 at an ionic strength of 0.1 M and at 294 K exploiting the Stern–Volmer mechanism. The agreement of the protonation constant with literature data (log K3=3.10±0.20, I=0.1 M, T=298 K [Bull. Soc. Jpn. 44 (1971) 3459]) demonstrates the excellent performance of our system. Furthermore, we determined the complex formation constant log K1=−3.11±0.16 by measuring the fluorescence properties of the ligand for the 1:1 uranyldihydroxobenzoate complex in the pH range from 3.0 to 4.5 at ionic strength of 0.1 M and at 294 K. We also determined the complex formation constant via the fluorescence emission of the metal ion uranium(VI). The fluorescence of the uranyl ion is influenced by dynamic quenching of the non-dissociated ligand and by static quenching due to the complex formation. After correction of these effects using the determined fluorescence lifetime, the complex formation constant was calculated to be log K1=−3.99±0.44. A 1:1 metal:ligand stoichiometry was determined with both measurement methods. However, the difference of the obtained formation constants and the derived standard deviations indicate a superimposition of effects with the excited-state reactions of the ligand. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - PROTON transfer reactions
KW  - Carboxylic acid
KW  - Time-resolved laser-excited fluorescence
KW  - Uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 11609388; Geipel, G. 1; Email Address: g.geipel@fz-rossendorf.de Acker, M. 2 Vulpius, D. 1 Bernhard, G. 1 Nitsche, H. 3 Fanghänel, Th. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, Institute of Radiochemistry, P.O. Box 510119, D-01314 Dresden, Germany  2: Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik, Technical University Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany  3: Department of Chemistry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Nuclear Science Division, University of California at Berkeley, MS 70R0309, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 60 Issue 1/2, p417; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: PROTON transfer reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carboxylic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-resolved laser-excited fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1386-1425(03)00244-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Gary
AU  - Denbeaux, Greg
AU  - Luening, Katharina
AU  - Pianetta, Piero
AU  - Shuh, David
T1  - Joint ALS/SSRL Workshop on Recent Advances in Synchrotron-based Microscopy.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 13
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the Advanced Light Source and Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory's Users' workshop on advanced in synchrotron-based microscopy on October 7-8, 2003.  Hard and soft X-ray techniques; Reflective and diffractive optics; Applications of photon-in/photon-out bulk and photon-in/electron out surface microscopies in biology, environmental and materials science.
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12548892; Mitchell, Gary 1 Denbeaux, Greg 2 Luening, Katharina 3 Pianetta, Piero 3 Shuh, David 4; Affiliation:  1: Analytical Science Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company  2: School of Nanosciences and Nanoengineering, University at Albany-SUNY  3: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ralston, Corie
AU  - Cork, C.W.
AU  - McDermott, G.
AU  - Earnest, T.N.
T1  - Facilitating Structure Determination: Workshop on Robotics and Automation in Macromolecular Crystallography.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 18
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the Advanced Light Source and Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory's Users' Workshop on robotics and automation in macromolecular crystallography on October 6-10, 2003.  Tutorial in the general use of the Sector 5 automounter robot; Demonstration of pipeline data acquisition software on a simulator; Description of the Beamline 8.3.1 prototype automounting system.
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - ROBOTICS
KW  - AUTOMATION
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 12548894; Ralston, Corie 1 Cork, C.W. 1 McDermott, G. 1 Earnest, T.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Berkeley Lab; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p16; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: ROBOTICS; Subject Term: AUTOMATION; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, Karen McNulty
AU  - Love, Lynn
T1  - 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Awarded to NSLS and CHESS User Roderick MacKinnon.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/01//Jan/Feb2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
EP  - 44
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Reports that the 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Rockefeller University professor Roderick MacKinnon for work explaining how a class of proteins helps to generate nerve impulses.  Role of ion channels in the passage of potassium, calcium, sodium and chloride molecules called ions; Use of X-ray crystallography; Other recipient of the award.
KW  - NOBEL Prizes
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - COLLEGE teachers
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - NERVES
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - MACKINNON, Roderick
N1  - Accession Number: 12548903; Walsh, Karen McNulty 1 Love, Lynn 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: The Rockefeller University; Source Info: Jan/Feb2004, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p44; Subject Term: NOBEL Prizes; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: COLLEGE teachers; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: NERVES; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; People: MACKINNON, Roderick; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeong, B.-S.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Jellison, G.E.
T1  - Epitaxial growth of anatase by reactive sputter deposition using water vapor as the oxidant
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 446
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 22
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The growth of TiO2 films in the anatase crystal structure was investigated using reactive sputter deposition with H2O serving as the oxidizing species. With water vapor, the formation of phase-pure anatase TiO2 thin films via epitaxial stabilization on (001) LaAlO3 was achieved, although crystallinity was slightly inferior to that obtained when O2 was employed. Films grown using water vapor exhibited a rougher surface morphology indicating a difference in growth mechanisms. At low H2O pressure, the formation of a TinO2n−1 Magnéli phase was observed. When hydrogen was employed during growth, mixed phase films of rutile and anatase resulted. The development of crystallinity and phase as a function of deposition temperature and oxidant pressure are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRECIPITABLE water
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Oxides
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Titanium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 22238195; Jeong, B.-S. 1 Norton, D.P. 1; Email Address: dnort@mse.ufl.edu Budai, J.D. 2 Jellison, G.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Florida, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 106 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 446 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: PRECIPITABLE water; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)01238-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stearns, D.G.
AU  - Mirkarimi, P.B.
AU  - Spiller, E.
T1  - Localized defects in multilayer coatings
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 446
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 49
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We present a non-linear continuum model of the growth of localized defects in multilayer coatings nucleated by particles on the substrate. The model is valid when the deposition and etch fluxes are near normal incidence so that shadowing effects are negligible. Three-dimensional simulations of defects in Mo/Si multilayer films nucleated by arrays of lithographically patterned particles are shown to be in good agreement with experimental measurements. Our results confirm that incorporating ion beam etching in the multilayer deposition process significantly suppresses the defect growth. This has a potentially important application in the fabrication of defect-free masks for extreme ultraviolet lithography. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Localized defects
KW  - Mo/Si multilayer coating
KW  - Non-linear continuum model
N1  - Accession Number: 22238198; Stearns, D.G. 1; Email Address: dgs@orthosport.net Mirkarimi, P.B. 2 Spiller, E. 3; Affiliation:  1: OS Associates, 1174 Castro St., Suite 250, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Spiller X-Ray Optics, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 446 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Localized defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mo/Si multilayer coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-linear continuum model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)01285-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, L.
AU  - Schofield, M.A.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - Tafto, J.
T1  - A unique determination of boundary condition in quantitative electron diffraction: Application to accurate measurements of mean inner potentials
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 98
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 03043991
AB  - We combine off-axis electron holography and electron shadow imaging to accurately determine the specimen thickness and the incident electron beam direction over the illuminated area of a crystal. We, furthermore, quantify the variations in diffraction intensity with position over the same area. This unique solution to the experimental boundary condition problem enables us to make precise measurements of mean inner electrostatic potentials and structure factors that are sensitive to the bonding characteristics of materials. In this paper, we present the results of mean-inner potential determination from silicon and the newly discovered magnesiumdiboride superconductor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - 68.37.Lp
KW  - Convergent beam electron diffraction
KW  - Electron holography
KW  - Magnesium diboride
KW  - Mean inner potential
N1  - Accession Number: 12582270; Wu, L. 1 Schofield, M.A. 1 Zhu, Y. 1; Email Address: zhu@bnl.gov Tafto, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 480, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: University of Oslo, P.O.Box 1048 Blindern, Oslo 0316, Norway; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 98 Issue 2-4, p135; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 68.37.Lp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convergent beam electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron holography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium diboride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mean inner potential; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2003.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Zou, J.
AU  - Cockayne, D.J.H.
AU  - Matsumura, S.
T1  - [0 0 1] zone-axis bright-field diffraction contrast from coherent Ge(Si) islands on Si(0 0 1)
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 98
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Coherent Ge(Si)/Si(0 0 1) quantum dot islands grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy at a growth temperature of 700°C were investigated using transmission electron microscopy working at 300 kV. The [0 0 1] zone-axis bright-field diffraction contrast images of the islands show strong periodicity with the change of the TEM sample substrate thickness and the period is equal to the effective extinction distance of the transmitted beam. Simulated images based on finite element models of the displacement field and using multi-beam dynamical diffraction theory show a high degree of agreement. Studies for a range of electron energies show the power of the technique for investigating composition segregation in quantum dot islands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - 68.37.Lp
KW  - Image simulation
KW  - Quantum dot
KW  - TEM characterization
N1  - Accession Number: 12582284; Liao, X.Z. 1,2 Zou, J. 1,3; Email Address: j.zou@uq.edu.au Cockayne, D.J.H. 4 Matsumura, S. 5; Affiliation:  1: Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia  2: Division of Materials Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Division of Materials and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia  4: Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK  5: Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 98 Issue 2-4, p239; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Author-Supplied Keyword: 68.37.Lp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum dot; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM characterization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2003.08.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkov, V.V.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
T1  - Lorentz phase microscopy of magnetic materials
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 98
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
SN  - 03043991
AB  - We propose a method of Lorentz phase microscopy for in situ studies and imaging magnetic materials in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) based on the solution of the magnetic transport-of-intensity equation. We also describe the appropriate way of solving this equation that may be useful for understanding and practical use of non-holographic methods for phase retrieval in electron microscopy, especially in imaging magnetic materials. The method is simple, since it is primarily based on classical Fresnel imaging. On the other hand, it is quantitative and can be applied in any TEM without changing the basic hardware. Therefore, it may well find important practical applications in ultramicroscopy and modern magnetic materials research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - Exit wave reconstruction
KW  - Image processing
KW  - Magnetic imaging
KW  - Phase retrieval
N1  - Accession Number: 12582288; Volkov, V.V.; Email Address: volkov@bnl.gov Zhu, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 98 Issue 2-4, p271; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exit wave reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase retrieval; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2003.08.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Zou, Jin
AU  - Takai, Yoshizo
AU  - Zhu, Yimei
AU  - Wu, Xiao-Jing
T1  - In honor of professor Fang-Hua Li: Festschrift in honor of the 70th birthday of professor Fang-Hua Li
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 98
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - iii
SN  - 03043991
N1  - Accession Number: 12582263; Zou, Jin 1 Takai, Yoshizo 2 Zhu, Yimei 3 Wu, Xiao-Jing 4; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis The University of Queensland, Australia  2: Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University, Japan  3: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA  4: National Microanalysis Center, Department of Materials Science Fudan University, China; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 98 Issue 2-4, piii; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Proceeding
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00232-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Picker, Randal C.
T1  - The Digital Video Recorder: Unbundling Advertising and Content.
JO  - University of Chicago Law Review
JF  - University of Chicago Law Review
Y1  - 2004///Winter2004
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 222
SN  - 00419494
AB  - The television intermediary is required to pass through the content of the over-the-air broadcaster with the commercials intact. The cable company contracts upward with content creators and downward with customers and, through this nexus of contracts and control over technology, can establish terms of use directly, making copyright largely irrelevant. If this model turns out to be a much better way of delivering advertisements, one will see a substantial advantage for ad-supported cable over broadcast television for broadcasters, the issue will not be about fighting to get their advertisements to viewers intact but rather one of getting access, possibly through the retransmission consent process, to the ad personalization technology made possible by the insertion of intelligence and storage into the set-top box.
KW  - TELEVISION
KW  - BROADCASTERS
KW  - TELEVISION advertising
KW  - BROADCASTING industry
KW  - COPYRIGHT
KW  - CABLE television
N1  - Accession Number: 12871384; Picker, Randal C. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Professor of Commercial Law, University of Chicago Law School.  2: Senior Fellow, The Computation Institute of the University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Winter2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1, p205; Subject Term: TELEVISION; Subject Term: BROADCASTERS; Subject Term: TELEVISION advertising; Subject Term: BROADCASTING industry; Subject Term: COPYRIGHT; Subject Term: CABLE television; NAICS/Industry Codes: 711512 Independent actors, comedians and performers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334220 Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 515210 Cable and Other Subscription Programming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haggerty, Roy
AU  - Harvey, Charles F.
AU  - Freiherr von Schwerin, Claudius
AU  - Meigs, Lucy C.
T1  - What controls the apparent timescale of solute mass transfer in aquifers and soils? A comparison of experimental results.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Estimates of mass transfer timescales from 316 solute transport experiments reported in 35 publications are compared to the pore-water velocities and residence times, as well as the experimental durations. New tracer experiments were also conducted in columns of different lengths so that the velocity and the advective residence time could be varied independently. In both the experiments reported in the literature and the new experiments, the estimated mass transfer timescale (inverse of the mass-transfer rate coefficient) is better correlated to residence time and the experimental duration than to velocity. Of the measures considered, the experimental duration multiplied by 1 + β (where β is the capacity coefficient, defined as the ratio of masses in the immobile and mobile domains at equilibrium) best predicted the estimated mass transfer timescale. This relation is consistent with other work showing that aquifer and soil material commonly produce multiple timescales of mass transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - diffusion
KW  - heavy tails
KW  - multirate
KW  - rate limitations
KW  - scale-dependence
KW  - sorption
N1  - Accession Number: 87144323; Haggerty, Roy 1; Harvey, Charles F. 2; Freiherr von Schwerin, Claudius 1,3; Meigs, Lucy C. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University; 2: Ralph Parsons Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 3: Now at John Shomaker and Associates, Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.; 4: Geohydrology Department, Sandia National Laboratories; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 1, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy tails; Author-Supplied Keyword: multirate; Author-Supplied Keyword: rate limitations; Author-Supplied Keyword: scale-dependence; Author-Supplied Keyword: sorption; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2002WR001716
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hershberger, J.
AU  - Ajayi, O.O.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Yoon, H.
AU  - Fenske, G.R.
T1  - Formation of austenite during scuffing failure of SAE 4340 steel
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2004/01//
VL  - 256
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 00431648
AB  - Scuffing failure was induced in samples of SAE 4340 steel which had been quenched and annealed at several temperatures. Examination of worn areas using grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction revealed an austenitic phase at volume fractions of up to 60%. No dependence of austenite fraction on depth was observed for depths of up to 5.0 μm. No clear trend in austenite fraction after scuffing as a function of tempering temperature was found. One wear test was interrupted precisely during scuffing, and the worn areas of that sample showed 15% austenite. A fully scuffed sample of the same tempering temperature contained 60% austenite, while analysis of original material and contact areas prior to scuffing initiation revealed no austenite.Observations from the present work suggest that austenite formation was caused by scuffing and not the other way around. Austenite may have formed due to a rapid austenitization process, mechanical dissolution of carbides, or a diffusionless transformation. Once formed, the austenite may have been stabilized by stress or by small crystallite size, but not likely by compositional change.Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract W-31-109-ENG-38. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICAL wear
KW  - AUSTENITE
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - AUSTENITIC steel
KW  - Austenite
KW  - Diffraction
KW  - Phase transformation
KW  - Scuffing
N1  - Accession Number: 11883824; Hershberger, J. 1; Email Address: jhersh@anl.gov Ajayi, O.O. 1 Zhang, J. 2 Yoon, H. 2 Fenske, G.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Building 212, Room D204, 9700 Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Caterpillar Inc., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 256 Issue 1/2, p159; Subject Term: MECHANICAL wear; Subject Term: AUSTENITE; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: AUSTENITIC steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Austenite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scuffing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00375-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coleman, Mark D.
AU  - Isebrands, J. G.
AU  - Tolsted, David N.
AU  - Tolbert, Virginia R.
T1  - Comparing Soil Carbon of Short Rotation Poplar Plantations with Agricultural Crops and Woodlots in North Central United States.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/01/02/Jan2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - S299
EP  - S308
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - We collected soil samples from 27 study sites across North Central United States to compare the soil carbon of short rotation poplar plantations to adjacent agricultural crops and woodlots. Soil organic carbon (SOC) ranged from 20 to more than 160 Mg/ha across the sampled sites. Lowest SOC levels were found in uplands and highest levels in riparian soils. We attributed differences in bulk density and SOC among cover types to the inclusion of woodlot soils in the analysis. Paired comparison found few differences between poplar and agricultural crops. Sites with significant comparisons varied in magnitude and direction. Relatively greater SOC was often observed in poplar when native soil carbon was low, but there were important exceptions. Woodlots consistently contained greater SOC than the other crops, especially at depth. We observed little difference between paired poplar and switchgrass, both promising bioenergy crops. There was no evidence of changes in poplar SOC relative to adjacent agricultural soils when considered for stand ages up to 12 years. Highly variable native SOC levels and subtle changes over time make verification of soil carbon sequestration among land cover types difficult. In addition to soil carbon storage potential, it is therefore important to consider opportunities offered by long-term sequestration of carbon in solid wood products and carbon-offset through production of bioenergy crops. Furthermore, short rotation poplars and switchgrass offer additional carbon sequestration and other environmental benefits such as soil erosion control, runoff abatement, and wildlife habitat improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon in soils
KW  - Forest products
KW  - Biomass energy
KW  - Agriculture & energy
KW  - Soil conservation
KW  - Wildlife habitat improvement
KW  - United States
KW  - Bioenergy
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Hybrid poplar
KW  - Soil bulk density
KW  - Switchgrass
N1  - Accession Number: 15415242; Coleman, Mark D. 1; Email Address: mcoleman01@fs.fed.us; Isebrands, J. G. 2; Tolsted, David N. 3; Tolbert, Virginia R. 4; Affiliations: 1: USDA Forest Service, Savannah River, Southern Research Station, P.O. Box 700 New Ellenton, South Carolina, 29809, USA; 2: Environmental Forestry Consultants, LLC, P.O. Box 54 New London, Wisconsin 54961, USA; 3: USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 5985 Hwy K Rhinelander, Wisconsin, 54501, USA; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, pS299; Thesaurus Term: Carbon in soils; Thesaurus Term: Forest products; Thesaurus Term: Biomass energy; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture & energy; Thesaurus Term: Soil conservation; Thesaurus Term: Wildlife habitat improvement; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioenergy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid poplar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil bulk density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Switchgrass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 113210 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484233 Forest products trucking, long distance; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-9139-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palumbo, Anthony V.
AU  - Fisher, L. Suzanne
AU  - Martin, Madhavi Z.
AU  - Yang, Zamin K.
AU  - Tarver, Jana R.
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Daniels, W. Lee
T1  - Application of Emerging Tools and Techniques for Measuring Carbon and Microbial Communities in Reclaimed Mine Soils.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/01/02/Jan2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - S518
EP  - S527
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - As part of a study of the potential for carbon sequestration in degraded mine lands, we examined the carbon content of reclaimed mine soils treated with soil amendments (e.g., fly ash and biosolids) using two emerging techniques; terminal restriction fragment- length polymorphism (TRFLP) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Both of these techniques have potential use for measuring aspects of carbon content and its role in the soil ecosystem. To better understand the relationship between the microbial community and the amount of carbon within mine soils, we examined the diversity among fungal communities in soils with different carbon content using TRFLP. TRFLP was run on 18S rDNA from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using primers specific for fungi. Results from the TRFLP were compared to sequencing of 18S clones. The diversity based on sequence analysis was much higher than that indicated by the TRFLP-based analysis. Rarefaction analysis of the data indicated that the total diversity was even higher than we were able to measure with both levels of effort; however, it was clear that we effectively sampled the dominant populations. The LIBS technique displayed a strong linear relationship when compared to conventional techniques (LECO and Walkley–Black) of measuring carbon in soils. In addition, discrepancies were noted between the two conventional techniques for soils with high carbon content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Carbon in soils
KW  - Soil amendments
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Fungal diversity
KW  - Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
KW  - Reclaimed mine soils
KW  - TRFLP
N1  - Accession Number: 15415232; Palumbo, Anthony V. 1; Fisher, L. Suzanne 1; Martin, Madhavi Z. 1; Yang, Zamin K. 1; Tarver, Jana R. 1; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Daniels, W. Lee 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37931-6038, USA.; 2: Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0404, USA.; Issue Info: Jan2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, pS518; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Carbon in soils; Thesaurus Term: Soil amendments; Thesaurus Term: Fungi; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fungal diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reclaimed mine soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: TRFLP; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-9159-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Youngchang
AU  - Yakunin, Alexander F.
AU  - Kuznetsova, Ekaterina
AU  - Xiaohui Xu
AU  - Pennycooke, Micha
AU  - Gu, Jun
AU  - Cheung, Fred
AU  - Proudfoot, Michael
AU  - Arrowsmith, Cheryl H.
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Edwards, Aled M.
AU  - Christendat, Dinesh
T1  - Structure- and Function-based Characterization of a New Phosphoglycolate Phosphatase from Thermoplasma acidophilum.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/02/
VL  - 279
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 526
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The protein TA0175 has a large number of sequence homologues, most of which are annotated as unknown and a few as belonging to the haloacid dehalogenase superfamily, but has no known biological function. Uslng a combination of amino acid sequence analysis, three-dimensional crystal structure information, and kinetic analysis, we have characterized TA0175 as phosphoglycolate phosphatase from Thermoplasma acidophilum. The crystal structure of TA0175 revealed two distinct domains, a larger core domain and a smaller cap domain. The large domain is composed of a centrally located five-stranded parallel β-sheet with strand order S10, S9, S8, S1, S2 and a small β-hairpin, strands S3 and S4. This central sheet is flanked by a set of three α-helices on one side and two helices on the other. The smaller domain is composed of an open faced β-sandwich represented by three antiparallel β-strands, S5, S6, and S7, flanked by two oppositely oriented α-helices, H3 and H4. The topology of the large domain is conserved; however, structural variation is observed in the smaller domain among the different functional classes of the haloacid dehalogenase superfamily. Enzymatic assays on TA0175 revealed that this enzyme catalyzed the dephosphorylation of phosphoglycolate in vitro with similar kinetic properties seen for eukaryotic phosphoglycolate phosphatase. Activation by divalent cations, especially Mg2+, and competitive inhibition behavior with Cl- ions are similar between TA0175 and phosphoglycolate phosphatase. The experimental evidence presented for TA0175 is indicative of phosphoglycolate phosphatase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATASES
KW  - ESTERASES
KW  - PHOSPHORUS compounds
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ORGANIC acids
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 14045534; Kim, Youngchang 1 Yakunin, Alexander F. 2 Kuznetsova, Ekaterina 2 Xiaohui Xu 3 Pennycooke, Micha 3 Gu, Jun 3 Cheung, Fred 3 Proudfoot, Michael 2 Arrowsmith, Cheryl H. 3 Joachimiak, Andrzej 1; Email Address: andrzejj@anl.gov Edwards, Aled M. 2,3; Email Address: aled.edward@utoronto.ca Christendat, Dinesh 4; Email Address: dinesh.christenda@utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Structural Biology Center, Argonne, Illinois  2: Banting and Best, Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada  3: Clinical Genomics Centre/Proteomics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada  4: Department of Botany, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Source Info: 1/02/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 1, p517; Subject Term: PHOSPHATASES; Subject Term: ESTERASES; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS compounds; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Subject Term: PROTEINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 10 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M306054200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Jin Kuk
AU  - Yoon, Hye-Jin
AU  - Ahn, Hyung Jun
AU  - Il Lee, Byung
AU  - Pedelacq, Jean-Denis
AU  - Liong, Elaine C.
AU  - Berendzen, Joel
AU  - Laivenieks, Maris
AU  - Vieille, Claire
AU  - Zeikus, Gregory J.
AU  - Vocadlo, David J.
AU  - Withers, Stephen G.
AU  - Suh, Se Won
T1  - Crystal Structure of β-d-Xylosidase from Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum, a Family 39 Glycoside Hydrolase
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/01/02/
VL  - 335
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 00222836
AB  - 1,4-β-d-Xylan is the major component of plant cell-wall hemicelluloses. β-d-Xylosidases are involved in the breakdown of xylans into xylose and belong to families 3, 39, 43, 52, and 54 of glycoside hydrolases. Here, we report the first crystal structure of a member of family 39 glycoside hydrolase, i.e. β-d-xylosidase from Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum strain B6A-RI. This study also represents the first structure of any β-xylosidase of the above five glycoside hydrolase families. Each monomer of T. saccharolyticum β-xylosidase comprises three distinct domains; a catalytic domain of the canonical (β/α)8-barrel fold, a β-sandwich domain, and a small α-helical domain. We have determined the structure in two forms: d-xylose-bound enzyme and a covalent 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-α-d-xylosyl-enzyme intermediate complex, thus providing two snapshots in the reaction pathway. This study provides structural evidence for the proposed double displacement mechanism that involves a covalent intermediate. Furthermore, it reveals possible functional roles for His228 as the auxiliary acid/base and Glu323 as a key residue in substrate recognition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XYLANS
KW  - XYLOSIDE
KW  - HEMICELLULOSE
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - 2F-DNPX, 2,4-dinitrophenyl 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-d-xyloside
KW  - 2F-xylosyl, 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-α-d-xylosyl
KW  - covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate
KW  - family 39 glycoside hydrolase
KW  - GH, glycoside hydrolase
KW  - MAD, multiwavelength anomalous diffraction
KW  - NCS, non-crystallographic symmetry
KW  - r.m.s., root-mean-square
KW  - r.m.s.d., root-mean-square deviation
KW  - SeMet, selenomethionine
KW  - xylan
KW  - xylose
KW  - xylosidase
N1  - Accession Number: 11519193; Yang, Jin Kuk 1 Yoon, Hye-Jin 1 Ahn, Hyung Jun 1 Il Lee, Byung 1 Pedelacq, Jean-Denis 2 Liong, Elaine C. 2 Berendzen, Joel 2 Laivenieks, Maris 3 Vieille, Claire 3 Zeikus, Gregory J. 3 Vocadlo, David J. 4 Withers, Stephen G. 4 Suh, Se Won 1; Email Address: sewonsuh@snu.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: Structural Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea  2: Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 335 Issue 1, p155; Subject Term: XYLANS; Subject Term: XYLOSIDE; Subject Term: HEMICELLULOSE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2F-DNPX, 2,4-dinitrophenyl 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-d-xyloside; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2F-xylosyl, 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-α-d-xylosyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate; Author-Supplied Keyword: family 39 glycoside hydrolase; Author-Supplied Keyword: GH, glycoside hydrolase; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAD, multiwavelength anomalous diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: NCS, non-crystallographic symmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: r.m.s., root-mean-square; Author-Supplied Keyword: r.m.s.d., root-mean-square deviation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SeMet, selenomethionine; Author-Supplied Keyword: xylan; Author-Supplied Keyword: xylose; Author-Supplied Keyword: xylosidase; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.10.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwon, Young Do
AU  - Nagy, István
AU  - Adams, Paul D.
AU  - Baumeister, Wolfgang
AU  - Jap, Bing K.
T1  - Crystal Structures of the Rhodococcus Proteasome with and without its Pro-peptides: Implications for the Role of the Pro-peptide in Proteasome Assembly
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/01/02/
VL  - 335
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 00222836
AB  - To understand the role of the pro-peptide in proteasome assembly, we have determined structures of the Rhodococcus proteasome and a mutant form that prevents the autocatalytic removal of its pro-peptides. The structures reveal that the pro-peptide acts as an assembly-promoting factor by linking its own β-subunit to two adjacent α-subunits, thereby providing a molecular explanation for the observed kinetics of proteasome assembly. The Rhodococcus proteasome has been found to have a substantially smaller contact region between α-subunits compared to those regions in the proteasomes of Thermoplasma, yeast, and mammalian cells, suggesting that a smaller contact area between α-subunits is likely the structural basis for the Rhodococcus α-subunits not assembling into α-rings when expressed alone. Analysis of all available β-subunit structures shows that the contact area between β-subunits within a β-ring is not sufficient for β-ring self-assembly without the additional contact provided by the α-ring. This appears to be a fail-safe mechanism ensuring that the active sites on the β-subunits are activated only after proteasome assembly is complete. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - assembly/activation
KW  - CCD, charge-coupled detector
KW  - inter-subunit contacts
KW  - IPTG, isopropyl-1-thio-β,d-galactopyranoside
KW  - LMP, low molecular mass polypeptide
KW  - NCS, non-crystallographic symmetry
KW  - Ntn, N-terminal nucleophile
KW  - PCR, polymerase chain reaction
KW  - pro-peptide
KW  - proteasome assembly
KW  - Rhodococcus erythropolis
N1  - Accession Number: 11519200; Kwon, Young Do 1,2 Nagy, István 2,3 Adams, Paul D. 4 Baumeister, Wolfgang 3 Jap, Bing K. 1,2; Email Address: bkjap@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Graduate Group in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18a, Martinsried D-82152, Germany  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 335 Issue 1, p233; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: assembly/activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CCD, charge-coupled detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: inter-subunit contacts; Author-Supplied Keyword: IPTG, isopropyl-1-thio-β,d-galactopyranoside; Author-Supplied Keyword: LMP, low molecular mass polypeptide; Author-Supplied Keyword: NCS, non-crystallographic symmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ntn, N-terminal nucleophile; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: pro-peptide; Author-Supplied Keyword: proteasome assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodococcus erythropolis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.08.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gillespie, John W.
AU  - Gannot, Gallya
AU  - Tangrea, Michael A.
AU  - Ahram, Mamoun
AU  - Best, Carolyn J.M.
AU  - Bichsel, Verena E.
AU  - Petricoin, Emmanuel F.
AU  - Emmert-Buck, Michael R.
AU  - Chuaqui, Rodrigo F.
T1  - Molecular Profiling of Cancer.
JO  - Toxicologic Pathology
JF  - Toxicologic Pathology
Y1  - 2004/01/02/Jan2004 Supplement
VL  - 32
IS  - 1S
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 71
SN  - 01926233
AB  - The objective of molecular profiling of cancer is to determine the differential expression of genes and proteins from human tissue in the progression from normal precursor tissue to preneoplastic tissue to cancer in order to discover diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers. With the development of high-throughput analytical techniques such as microarrays and 2-D PAGE as well as the development of tools for cell procurement from histological sections such as laser capture microdissection (LCM), it is now possible to perform molecular analyses on specific cell populations from tissue. Since recognition of specific cell populations is critical, there is a need to optimize fixation and embedding not only to improve preservation of biomolecules, but also to maintain excellent histology. We have shown that 70% ethanol fixation of prostate tissue improves the recovery of DNA, RNA, and proteins over routine formalin fixation and maintains histological quality comparable to formalin. There is also a need to develop new technologies in order to expand the range of tissue types that can be analyzed. The development and applications of Layered Expression Scanning (LES) for the molecular analysis of whole tissue sections are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicologic Pathology is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - cancer
KW  - expression
KW  - gene
KW  - microdissection
KW  - Molecular
KW  - profiling
KW  - protein
N1  - Accession Number: 54381084; Gillespie, John W. 1; Gannot, Gallya 2; Tangrea, Michael A. 2; Ahram, Mamoun 3; Best, Carolyn J.M. 2; Bichsel, Verena E. 4; Petricoin, Emmanuel F. 5; Emmert-Buck, Michael R. 2; Chuaqui, Rodrigo F. 2; Affiliations: 1: Science Applications International Corporation, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, jgill@mail.nih.gov; 2: Pathogenetics Unit, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; 3: Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; 4: Federal Institute of Intellectual Property, Bern, Switzerland; 5: Center for Biologics and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004 Supplement, Vol. 32 Issue 1S, p67; Author-Supplied Keyword: cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene; Author-Supplied Keyword: microdissection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular; Author-Supplied Keyword: profiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3387
L3  - 10.1080/01926230490430728
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mohrenweiser, Harvey W.
T1  - Genetic Variation and Exposure Related Risk Estimation: Will Toxicology Enter a New Era? DNA Repair and Cancer as a Paradigm.
JO  - Toxicologic Pathology
JF  - Toxicologic Pathology
Y1  - 2004/01/02/Jan2004 Supplement
VL  - 32
IS  - 1S
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
EP  - 145
SN  - 01926233
AB  - With the vast technological and informational resources increasingly available from investments in “genomics,” toxicology and much of biological science, is faced with previously undreamed of opportunities and equally daunting challenges. The ability to generate the large quantities of data becoming routinely available could not be imagined a decade ago. The complexities of data analysis are increasingly the rate-limiting element in scientific advances. The expectations that these large scientific investments will reduce the incidence of human disease and improve health are very high. An emphasis on genetic variation and Toxicogenetics is expected to yield risk estimates for specific rather than average individuals and individuals with varied lifestyles and complex patterns of exposure. Examples from studies of polymorphic variation in DNA repair genes in the healthy population and cancer risk highlight the complexity and challenges of incorporating genetic variation into quantitative estimates of risk associated with environmentally relevant exposures. Similar issues exist in selecting the animal models most appropriate for predicting human risk from environmental exposures to toxic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicologic Pathology is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - cancer
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - Genetic variation
KW  - risk estimation
N1  - Accession Number: 54381067; Mohrenweiser, Harvey W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA, hmohrenw@uci.edu; Issue Info: Jan2004 Supplement, Vol. 32 Issue 1S, p136; Author-Supplied Keyword: cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk estimation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 9960
L3  - 10.1080/01926230490424671
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Sachenko, P.
AU  - Gladwell, I.
T1  - Thermal grain boundary grooving with anisotropic surface free energies
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/01/05/
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 13596454
AB  - We study the effect of anisotropic surface free energy on thermal grain boundary grooving profiles under surface diffusion using modeling, simulation and experiments with tungsten. Based on Herring’s [W.E. Kingston (Ed.), The Physics of Powder Metallurgy, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1951, p. 143] model we show that when the anisotropy is mild, the groove profiles are self-similar in the evolution but are often not in proportion to those developed under isotropic material properties. The grooving kinetics obey power laws with the exponent 1/4. When the anisotropy is critical surface faceting occurs. And, when it is severe the facets coarsen in the evolution. We exhibit the groove profiles in evolution under different degrees of anisotropy. We observe in the experiments that the {1 1 0} and {1 1 1} oriented grains develop small surface facets during annealing, as in the severely anisotropic cases, whilst those grains without crystalline orientation tilted at about <f>45°</f> to the sample surface do not. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Surface diffusion
KW  - Surface energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11605664; Zhang, W. 1; Email Address: wzhang@na-net.ornl.gov Sachenko, P. 2 Gladwell, I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309-4485, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Mathematics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 52 Issue 1, p107; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.033
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11605664&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahluwalia, R.
AU  - Lookman, T.
AU  - Saxena, A.
AU  - Albers, R.C.
T1  - Landau theory for shape memory polycrystals
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/01/05/
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
SN  - 13596454
AB  - We propose a Ginzburg–Landau theory for the elastic properties of shape memory polycrystals. A single crystal elastic free energy for a system that undergoes a square-to-rectangle transformation is generalized to a polycrystal by introducing a crystal orientational field that is determined from a continuum phase-field model. The coupled system is used to study domain morphology and mechanical properties of shape memory alloys in different temperature regimes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SHAPE memory alloys
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - Landau theory
KW  - Martensites
KW  - Polycrystals
KW  - Shape memory
KW  - Stress–strain response
N1  - Accession Number: 11605674; Ahluwalia, R.; Email Address: rajeev@viking.lanl.gov Lookman, T. 1 Saxena, A. 1 Albers, R.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 52 Issue 1, p209; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SHAPE memory alloys; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Landau theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress–strain response; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.09.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11605674&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Walukiewics, W.
AU  - Ager III, J. W.
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Haller, E. E.
T1  - Pressure dependence of the fundamental band-gap energy of CdSe.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/05/
VL  - 84
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 69
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Pressure-dependent photomodulation spectroscopic studies of the optical transition associated with the fundamental bandgap of single-crystal bulk CdSe are presented. Photomodulated transmission (PT) measurements were performed at room temperature as a function of applied hydrostatic pressure using the diamond-anvil-cell technique. The sharp, derivative-like PT spectral features corresponding to the band-gap transition in CdSe were found to shift linearly toward higher energy with increasing pressure. By examining the pressure dependence of the PT spectra, the pressure coefficient for the direct band gap of wurtzite CdSe was determined to be 43.1 meV/GPa. The hydrostatic deformation potential of the band gap was found to be -2.3 eV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MODULATION spectroscopy
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11805677; Shan, W. 1; Email Address: wshan@lbl.gov Walukiewics, W. 1 Ager III, J. W. 1 Yu, K. M. 1 Wu, J. 1 Haller, E. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 1/5/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 1, p67; Subject Term: MODULATION spectroscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638879
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng, Ping
AU  - Pennacchio, Len A.
AU  - Le Goff, Wilfried
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
AU  - Smith, Jonathan D.
T1  - Identification of a novel enhancer of brain expression near the apoE gene cluster by comparative genomics
JO  - BBA - Gene Structure & Expression
JF  - BBA - Gene Structure & Expression
Y1  - 2004/01/05/
VL  - 1676
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
SN  - 01674781
AB  - Comparative analysis of the human and mouse genomic sequences downstream of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) revealed a highly conserved element with previously undefined function. In reporter gene transfection studies, this element which is located ∼42 kb distal to APOE was found to have silencer activity in a subset of cell lines examined. Analysis of transgenic mice containing a fusion construct linking this distal 631 bp conserved element to a reporter gene comprised of the human APOE gene with its proximal promoter resulted in robust brain expression of the transgenic human apoE mRNA in three independent transgenic lines, supporting the identification of a novel brain controlling region (BCR). Further studies using immunohistochemistry revealed widespread human apoE localization throughout the brains of the BCR-apoE transgenic mice with prominent expression in the cortex and diencephalon. In addition, double-label immunofluorescence performed on brain sections and cultures of primary cortical cells localized human apoE protein to cortical neurons and microglia. These studies demonstrate that comparative sequence analysis is a successful strategy to predict candidate regulatory regions in vivo, although they do not imply that this element controls apoE expression physiologically. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Gene Structure & Expression is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - GENE transfection
KW  - VIRAL genetics
KW  - Apolipoprotein E
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Genomics
KW  - Neuron
N1  - Accession Number: 11959472; Zheng, Ping 1 Pennacchio, Len A. 2 Le Goff, Wilfried 3 Rubin, Edward M. 2 Smith, Jonathan D. 1,3; Email Address: smithj@lerner.ccf.org; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA  2: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Cell Biology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 1676 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: GENE transfection; Subject Term: VIRAL genetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apolipoprotein E; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neuron; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2003.10.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Hyunjung
AU  - Rühm, A.
AU  - Lurio, L.B.
AU  - Basu, J.K.
AU  - Lal, J.
AU  - Mochrie, S.G.J.
AU  - Sinha, S.K.
T1  - Polymer film dynamics using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: C
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: C
Y1  - 2004/01/05/
VL  - 24
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 09284931
AB  - A new method of X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) is applied for probing the dynamics of surface height fluctuations as a function of lateral length scale in supported polymer films. The short wavelength and slow time scales characteristic of XPCS extend the phase space accessible to scattering studies beyond some restrictions by light and neutron. Measurements were carried out on polystyrene films of thicknesses ranging from 84 to 333 nm at temperatures above the PS glass transition temperature. We present the experimental verification of the theoretical predictions for the thickness, wave vector and temperature dependence of the capillary wave relaxation times for supported polymeric films above the glass transition temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LIGHT beating spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Polymer films
KW  - X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 11608734; Kim, Hyunjung 1; Email Address: hkim@sogang.ac.kr Rühm, A. 2 Lurio, L.B. 3 Basu, J.K. 4 Lal, J. 5 Mochrie, S.G.J. 6 Sinha, S.K. 7,8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, South Korea  2: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Stuttgart, Germany  3: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  4: Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA  5: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  6: Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  7: Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  8: LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1/2, p11; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LIGHT beating spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer films; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msec.2003.09.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Monazam, Esmail R.
AU  - Shadle, Lawrence J.
T1  - A transient method for characterizing flow regimes in a circulating fluid bed
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/05/
VL  - 139
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 00325910
AB  - In recent years, although an increasing number of literature have been devoted to circulating fluidized bed (CFB), the prediction of velocities over which different fluidization regimes exist is still difficult. In this study, a transient method was applied which readily allows one to identify operational features and critical transitions. The method is based on stopping the solids flow rate into the riser when riser is operating in fully dense transport regime. The analysis of transient pressure drop data across the riser during a solids flow cut-off experiment against its time derivative demonstrate the three distinct operating regimes that exist as the gas deplete the solid out of the riser. The transient was compared to data taken under steady state operations using statistically designed experiments. Results indicated that although there were significant differences when comparing operations in dilute conditions, there were no significant differences between the two methods in the fast fluidized and dense transport regimes. The transient method was capable of reproducing the solids circulation dependence on riser solids holdup and on the axial pressure profile. This transient method offers an accurate, easy, rapid, and reproducible means of characterizing CFB operations over a wide range of flow conditions. The lack of accuracy in the dilute regime is conjectured to be due to the wide particle size distribution that resulted in segregation during the transient testing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - Circulating fluid bed
KW  - Fast fluidization
KW  - Flow regimes
KW  - Saturated carrying capacity
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Transfort velocity
KW  - Transient
N1  - Accession Number: 11825521; Monazam, Esmail R. 1 Shadle, Lawrence J. 2; Email Address: lshadl@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: REM Engineering Services, PLLC, 3537 Collins Ferry Rd., Morgantown, WV 26505, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd., Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 139 Issue 1, p89; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Circulating fluid bed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast fluidization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow regimes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturated carrying capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transfort velocity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.powtec.2003.10.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dohner, Jeffrey L.
AU  - Lauffer, James P.
AU  - Hinnerichs, Terry D.
AU  - Shankar, Natarajan
AU  - Regelbrugge, Mark
AU  - Kwan, Chi-Man
AU  - Xu, Roger
AU  - Winterbauer, Bill
AU  - Bridger, Keith
T1  - Mitigation of chatter instabilities in milling by active structural control
JO  - Journal of Sound & Vibration
JF  - Journal of Sound & Vibration
Y1  - 2004/01/06/
VL  - 269
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 0022460X
AB  - This paper documents the experimental validation of an active control approach for mitigating chatter in milling. To the authors knowledge, this is the first successful hardware demonstration of this approach. This approach is very different from many existing approaches that avoid instabilities by varying process parameters to seek regions of stability or by altering the regenerative process. In this approach, the stability lobes of the machine and tool are actively raised. This allows for machining at spindle speeds that are more representative of those used in existing machine tools.An active control system was implemented using actuators and sensors surrounding a spindle and tool. Due to the complexity of controlling from a stationary co-ordinate system and sensing from a rotating system, a telemetry system was used to transfer structural vibration data from the tool to a control processor. Closed-loop experiments produced up to an order of magnitude improvement in metal removal rate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sound & Vibration is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11469958; Dohner, Jeffrey L. 1; Email Address: jldohne@sandia.gov Lauffer, James P. 1 Hinnerichs, Terry D. 1 Shankar, Natarajan 2 Regelbrugge, Mark 3 Kwan, Chi-Man 4 Xu, Roger 4 Winterbauer, Bill 5 Bridger, Keith 6; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Dept. 9234, Mailstop 0439, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, 3251 Hanover St., Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA  3: Rhombus Consultants Group, Inc., 2565 Leghorn St., Mountain View, CA 94043, USA  4: Intelligent Automation, Inc., 2 Research Place, Suite 202, Rockville, MD 20850, USA  5: Ingersoll Milling Machine Company, 707 Fulton Avenue, Rockford, IL 61103, USA  6: Active Signal Technology, Inc., 13027-A Beaver Dam Road, Cockeysville, MD 21030, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 269 Issue 1/2, p197; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-460X(03)00069-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grossman, H. L.
AU  - Myers, W. R.
AU  - Vreeland, V. J.
AU  - Bruehl, R.
AU  - Aiper, M. D.
AU  - Bertozzi, C. R.
AU  - Clarke, John
T1  - Detection of bacteria in suspension by using a superconducting quantum interference device.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/01/06/
VL  - 101
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 134
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We demonstrate a technique for detecting magnetically labeled Listeria monocytogenes and for measuring the binding rate between antibody-linked magnetic particles and bacteria. This sensitive assay quantifies specific bacteria in a sample without the need to immobilize them or wash away unbound magnetic particles. In the measurement we add 50-nm-diameter superparamagnetic magnetite particles, coated with antibodies, to an aqueous sample containing L. monocytogenes. We apply a pulsed magnetic field to align the magnetic dipole moments and use a high-transition temperature superconducting quantum interference device, an extremely sensitive detector of magnetic flux, to measure the magnetic relaxation signal when the field is turned off. Unbound particles randomize direction by Brownian rotation too quickly to be detected. In contrast, particles bound to L. monocytogenes are effectively immobilized and relax in about 1 s by rotation of the internal dipole moment. This Néel relaxation process is detected by the superconducting quantum interference device. The measurements indicate a detection limit of (5.6 ± 1.1) × 10[sup6] L. monocytogenes in our sample volume of 20 μl. If the sample volume were reduced to 1 nl, we estimate that the detection limit could be improved to 230 ± 40 L. monocyto genes cells. Time-resolved measurements yield the binding rate between the particles and bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - LISTERIA monocytogenes
KW  - IDENTIFICATION of bacteria
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - BROWNIAN motion processes
N1  - Accession Number: 12263221; Grossman, H. L. 1,2 Myers, W. R. 1,2 Vreeland, V. J. 2 Bruehl, R. 2,3 Aiper, M. D. 2,4 Bertozzi, C. R. 2,3,4,5 Clarke, John 1,2; Email Address: jclarke@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics University of California, Berkeley, CA  94720.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.  3: Department of  Chemistry University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  4: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  5: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 1/6/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 1, p129; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: LISTERIA monocytogenes; Subject Term: IDENTIFICATION of bacteria; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: BROWNIAN motion processes; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0307128101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixit, Narendra M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Complex patterns of viral load decay under antiretroviral therapy: influence of pharmacokinetics and intracellular delay
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2004/01/07/
VL  - 226
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 00225193
AB  - We present a model of HIV dynamics under antiretroviral therapy that combines drug pharmacokinetics and intracellular delay. A two compartment pharmacokinetic model is employed to determine the time evolution of the intracellular concentrations of the active forms of drugs, and thereby drug efficacy. The viral replication period is divided into pre- and post-drug action parts, allowing for the introduction of an intracellular delay in drug action. The standard model of viral dynamics is modified to account for the drug dependence of intracellular delay and continuously varying drug efficacy. Model calculations reveal that viral load decay in HIV infected patients under monotherapy can exhibit remarkably complex patterns depending on the relative magnitudes of the pharmacokinetic, intracellular, and intrinsic viral dynamic time-scales. The commonly assumed exponential decay is only a special case. However, uncertainties in measurement and the low sampling frequencies employed in present clinical studies preclude the identification of these patterns from existing clinical viral load data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRUG development
KW  - ANTIRETROVIRAL agents
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - Antiretroviral therapy
KW  - Intracellular delay
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Viral dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 11399559; Dixit, Narendra M. 1 Perelson, Alan S.; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 226 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: DRUG development; Subject Term: ANTIRETROVIRAL agents; Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiretroviral therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intracellular delay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pharmacokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viral dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jtbi.2003.09.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johal, Malkiat S.
AU  - Howland, Michael
AU  - Robinson, Jeanne M.
AU  - Casson, Joanna L.
AU  - Wang, Hsing-Lin
T1  - Photoluminescent studies of spin-assembled MPS-PPV/dendrimer multilayers
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 383
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 276
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We examine the photoluminescence properties of three generations of poly(propylenimine) dendrimers and poly(2,5-methoxy-propyloxy sulfonate phenylene vinylene) (MPS-PPV) multilayer films formed by spin-assembly. We observe self-quenching of luminescence with increasing film thickness. For a bilayer system of dendrimer/MPS-PPV, we show an additional terminal dendrimer layer results in films with greater photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) compared to bilayer films having terminal MPS-PPV layers. Increasing the concentration of the terminal dendrimer layer results in a large increase in PLQE and a spectral red-shift. These changes are a result of increased contact between the dendrimer and MPS-PPV layers through interpenetration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - DENDRIMERS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 11731953; Johal, Malkiat S. 1; Email Address: johal@ncf.edu Howland, Michael 1 Robinson, Jeanne M. 2 Casson, Joanna L. 2 Wang, Hsing-Lin 3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Natural Sciences, New College of Florida, 5700 North Tamiami Trail, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 383 Issue 3/4, p276; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: DENDRIMERS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.11.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pauler, Denise K.
AU  - Kendrick, Brian k.
T1  - A new method for solving the quantum hydrodynamic equations of motion: Application to two-dimensional reactive scattering.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 603
EP  - 611
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The de Broglie–Bohm hydrodynamic equations of motion are solved using a meshless method based on a moving least squares approach and an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian frame of reference. A regridding algorithm adds and deletes computational points as needed in order to maintain a uniform interparticle spacing, and unitary time evolution is obtained by propagating the wave packet using averaged fields. The numerical instabilities associated with the formation of nodes in the reflected portion of the wave packet are avoided by adding artificial viscosity to the equations of motion. The methodology is applied to a two-dimensional model collinear reaction with an activation barrier. Reaction probabilities are computed as a function of both time and energy, and are in excellent agreement with those based on the quantum trajectory method. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS of motion
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MESHFREE methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 11817911; Pauler, Denise K. 1 Kendrick, Brian k. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (T-12, MS-B268), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 2, p603; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of motion; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MESHFREE methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630302
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rathbone, G. J.
AU  - Poliakoff, E. D.
AU  - Bozek, John D.
AU  - Lucchese, R. R.
AU  - Lin, P.
T1  - Mode-specific photoelectron scattering effects on CO[sub 2][sup +](C [sup 2]Σ[sub g][sup +]) vibrations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 612
EP  - 622
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Using high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy, we have determined the energy dependent vibrational branching ratios for the symmetric stretch [v[sup +]=(100)], bend [v[sup +]=(010)], and antisymmetric stretch [v[sup +]=(001)], as well as several overtones and combination bands in the 4σ[sub g][sup -1] photoionization of CO[sub 2]. Data were acquired over the range from 20–110 eV, and this wide spectral coverage highlighted that alternative vibrational modes exhibit contrasting behavior, even over a range usually considered to be dominated by atomic effects. Alternative vibrational modes exhibit qualitatively distinct energy dependences, and this contrasting mode-specific behavior underscores the point that vibrationally resolved measurements reflect the sensitivity of the electron scattering dynamics to well-defined changes in molecular geometry. In particular, such energy-dependent studies help to elucidate the mechanism(s) responsible for populating the symmetry forbidden vibrational levels [i.e., v[sup +]=(010), (001), (030), and (110)]. This is the first study in which vibrationally resolved data have been acquired as a function of energy for all of the vibrational modes of a polyatomic system. Theoretical Schwinger variational calculations are used to interpret the experimental data, and they indicate that a 4σ[sub g]→kσ[sub u] shape resonance is responsible for most of the excursions observed for the vibrational branching ratios. Generally, the energy dependent trends are reproduced well by theory, but a notable exception is the symmetric stretch vibrational branching ratio. The calculated results display a strong peak in the vibrational branching ratio while the experimental data show a pronounced minimum. This suggests an interference mechanism that is not accounted for in the single-channel adiabatic-nuclei calculations. Electronic branching ratios were also measured and compared to the vibrational branching ratios to assess the relative contributions of interchannel (i.e., Herzberg–Teller) versus intrachannel (i.e., photoelectron-mediated) coupling. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
KW  - BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11817910; Rathbone, G. J. 1 Poliakoff, E. D. 1; Email Address: epoliak@lsu.edu Bozek, John D. 2 Lucchese, R. R. 3 Lin, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; Source Info: 1/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 2, p612; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Subject Term: BRANCHING ratios (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630303
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodges, Matthew P.
AU  - Wheatley, Richard J.
AU  - Schenter, Gregory K.
AU  - Harvey, Allan H.
T1  - Intermolecular potential and second virial coefficient of the water–hydrogen complex.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 710
EP  - 720
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We construct a rigid-body (five-dimensional) potential-energy surface for the water–hydrogen complex using scaled perturbation theory (SPT). An analytic fit of this surface is obtained, and, using this, two minima are found. The global minimum has C[sub 2v] symmetry, with the hydrogen molecule acting as a proton donor to the oxygen atom on water. A local minimum with C[sub s] symmetry has the hydrogen molecule acting as a proton acceptor to one of the hydrogen atoms on water, where the OH bond and H[sub 2] are in a T-shaped configuration. The SPT global minimum is bound by 1097 μE[sub h] (E[sub h]≈4.359 744×10[sup -18] J). Our best estimate of the binding energy, from a complete basis set extrapolation of coupled-cluster calculations, is 1076.1 μE[sub h]. The fitted surface is used to calculate the second cross virial coefficient over a wide temperature range (100–3000 K). Three complementary methods are used to quantify quantum statistical mechanical effects that become significant at low temperatures. We compare our results with experimental data, which are available over a smaller temperature range (230–700 K). Generally good agreement is found, but the experimental data are subject to larger uncertainties.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - VIRIAL coefficients
N1  - Accession Number: 11817899; Hodges, Matthew P. 1; Email Address: matt@tc.bham.ac.uk Wheatley, Richard J. 2 Schenter, Gregory K. 3 Harvey, Allan H. 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom  2: School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  4: Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305; Source Info: 1/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 2, p710; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: VIRIAL coefficients; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1630960
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xantheas, Sotiris S.
AU  - Apr&agrave, Edoardo
T1  - The binding energies of the D[sub 2d] and S[sub 4] water octamer isomers: High-level electronic structure and empirical potential results.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 823
EP  - 828
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The MP2 complete basis set (CBS) limit for the binding energy of the two low-lying water octamer isomers of D[sub 2d] and S[sub 4] symmetry is estimated at -72.7±0.4 kcal/mol using the family of augmented correlation-consistent orbital basis sets of double through quintuple zeta quality. The largest MP2 calculation with the augmented quintuple zeta (aug-cc-pV5Z) basis set produced binding energies of -73.70 (D[sub 2d]) and -73.67 kcal/mol (S[sub 4]). The effects of higher correlation, computed at the CCSD(T) level of theory, are estimated at <0.1 kcal/mol. The newly established MP2/CBS limit for the water octamer is reproduced quite accurately by the newly developed all atom polarizable, flexible interaction potential (TTM2-F). The TTM2-F binding energies of -73.21 (D[sub 2d]) and -73.24 kcal/mol (S[sub 4]) for the two isomers are just 0.5 kcal/mol (or 0.7%) larger than the MP2/CBS limit. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - WATER
N1  - Accession Number: 11817887; Xantheas, Sotiris S. 1; Email Address: sotiris.xantheas@pnl.gov Apr&agrave, Edoardo 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 1/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 2, p823; Subject Term: BINDING energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: WATER; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1626624
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bezel, Ilya
AU  - Gaffney, Kelly J.
AU  - Garrett-Roe, Sean
AU  - Liu, Simon H.
AU  - Miller, André D.
AU  - Szymanski, Paul
AU  - Harris, Charles B.
T1  - Measurement and dynamics of the spatial distribution of an electron localized at a metal–dielectric interface.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 845
EP  - 856
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The ability of time- and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission to estimate the size distribution of electron localization in the plane of a metal–adsorbate interface is discussed. It is shown that the width of angular distribution of the photoelectric current is inversely proportional to the electron localization size within the most common approximations in the description of image potential states. The localization of the n=1 image potential state for two monolayers of butyronitrile on Ag(111) is used as an example. For the delocalized n=1 state, the shape of the signal amplitude as a function of momentum parallel to the surface changes rapidly with time, indicating efficient intraband relaxation on a 100 fs time scale. For the localized state, little change was observed. The latter is related to the constant size distribution of electron localization, which is estimated to be a Gaussian with a 15±4 Å full width at half maximum in the plane of the interface. A simple model was used to study the effect of a weak localization potential on the overall width of the angular distribution of the photoemitted electrons, which exhibited little sensitivity to the details of the potential. This substantiates the validity of the localization size estimate. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - RELAXATION phenomena
KW  - ANGULAR distribution (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11817884; Bezel, Ilya 1 Gaffney, Kelly J. 1 Garrett-Roe, Sean 1 Liu, Simon H. 1 Miller, André D. 1 Szymanski, Paul 1 Harris, Charles B. 1; Email Address: harris@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departmet of Chemistry, University of California and Chemical Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National  Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 1/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 2, p845; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: RELAXATION phenomena; Subject Term: ANGULAR distribution (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1622386
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blizanac
AU  - B. B.
AU  - Lucas
AU  - C. A.
AU  - Gallagher
AU  - M. E.
AU  - Arenz
AU  - M.
AU  - Ross
AU  - P. N.
AU  - Markovic
AU  - N. M.
T1  - Anion Adsorption, CO Oxidation, and Oxygen Reduction Reaction on a Au(100) Surface:  The pH Effect.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
EP  - 634
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The effects of pH on the surface reconstruction of Au(100), on CO oxidation, and on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) have been studied by a combination of surface X-ray scattering (SXS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) measurements. In harmony with previous SXS and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) results, the potential-induced hexagonal (“hex”) to (1 × 1) transition occurs faster in an alkaline electrolyte than in acidic media. In alkaline solution, CO adsorption facilitates the formation of a “hex” phase; in acid solution, however, CO has negligible effect on the potential range of thermodynamic stability of the “hex” ↔ (1 × 1) transition. We propose that in KOH the continuous removal of OHad in the Langmuir-Hinshelwood reaction (CO + OH = CO2 + H+ + e-) may stabilize the “hex” phase over a much wider potential range than in CO-free solution. In acid solution, where specifically adsorbing anions cannot be displaced by CO from the Au(100) surface, CO has negligible effect on the equilibrium potential for the “hex” ↔ (1 × 1) transition. Such a mechanism is in agreement with the pH-dependent oxidation of CO. The ORR is also affected by the pH of solution. It is proposed that the pH-dependent kinetics of the ORR on Au(100) can be unraveled by finding the relationship between kinetic rates and two terms:  (i) the energetic term of the Au(100)-O2- interaction determines the potential regions where the rate-determining step O2 + e = O2- occurs, and (ii) the preexponential term determines the availability of active sites for the adsorption of O2-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRODES
N1  - Accession Number: 11965600; Blizanac B. B. 1 Lucas C. A. 1 Gallagher M. E. 1 Arenz M. 1 Ross P. N. 1 Markovic N. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 2, p625; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baltus
AU  - R. E.
AU  - Culbertson
AU  - B. H.
AU  - Dai
AU  - S.
AU  - Luo
AU  - H.
AU  - DePaoli
AU  - D. W.
T1  - Low-Pressure Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids Measured with a Quartz Crystal Microbalance.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 721
EP  - 727
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The solubility of carbon dioxide in a series of imidazolium-based room-temperature ionic liquids has been determined using a quartz crystal microbalance. Henry''s constants were obtained for CO2 in nine different ionic liquids:  1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium bis[trifluoromethylsulfonyl]amide (C3mimTf2N), 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[trifluoromethylsulfonyl]amide (C4mimTf2N), C4mimTf2N with polyethylenimine, 1-n-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[trifluoromethylsulfonyl]amide (C6mimTf2N), 1-methyl-3-n-octylimidazolium bis[trifluoromethylsulfonyl]amide (C8mimTf2N), 1-methyl-3-(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl)imidazolium bis[trifluoromethylsulfonyl]amide (C8F13mimTf2N), 1,4-dibutyl-3-phenylimidazolium bis[trifluoromethylsulfonyl]amide, 1-butyl-3-phenylimidazolium bis[trifluoromethylsulfonyl]amide, and 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (C3mimPF6). All results were obtained at 25 °C with CO2 pressures at or less than 1 bar. A comparison of results helps in understanding the role of chemical structure on the separation capabilities of these materials. Notable among the results is a significantly greater measured CO2 solubility in the ionic liquid having the fluorine-substituted cation as compared to the corresponding ionic liquid with a nonfluorinated cation. CO2 solubility was found to be lower in the ionic liquid containing PF6- than for the corresponding liquid with Tf2N- anion. Addition of an imine polymer to the ionic liquid did not significantly change CO2 solubility characteristics. The presence of water had a minor effect on CO2 solubility for C8mimTf2N for environments with a relative humidity of 40% or less. Henry''s constant for CO2 in C3mimPF6 obtained in this study is in good agreement with previously reported Henry''s constant values for CO2 in C4mimPF6 that were obtained by other means. This study not only provides some important thermodynamic property information for these unique materials but also illustrates the utility of using a quartz crystal microbalance to obtain this information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - IONIC solutions
KW  - QUARTZ crystals
KW  - IMIDAZOLES
N1  - Accession Number: 11965611; Baltus R. E. 1 Culbertson B. H. 1 Dai S. 1 Luo H. 1 DePaoli D. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5705, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, and Chemical Sciences and Nuclear Science and Technology Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 2, p721; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: IONIC solutions; Subject Term: QUARTZ crystals; Subject Term: IMIDAZOLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tan
AU  - X.
AU  - Nalbant
AU  - P.
AU  - Toutchkine
AU  - A.
AU  - Hu
AU  - D.
AU  - Vorpagel
AU  - E. R.
AU  - Hahn
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Lu
AU  - H. P.
T1  - Single-Molecule Study of Protein-Protein Interaction Dynamics in a Cell Signaling System.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 737
EP  - 744
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report a study on protein-protein noncovalent interactions in an intracellular signaling protein complex, using single-molecule spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) fragment that binds only the activated intracellular signaling protein Cdc42 was labeled with a novel solvatochromic dye and used to probe hydrophobic interactions significant to Cdc42/WASP recognition. The study shows static and dynamic inhomogeneous conformational fluctuations of the protein complex that involve bound and loosely bound states. A two-coupled, two-state Markovian kinetic model is proposed for the conformational dynamics. The MD simulations explore the origin of these conformational states and associated conformational fluctuations in this protein-protein interaction system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PROTEIN binding
N1  - Accession Number: 11965614; Tan X. 1 Nalbant P. 1 Toutchkine A. 1 Hu D. 1 Vorpagel E. R. 1 Hahn K. M. 1 Lu H. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 2, p737; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany); Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PROTEIN binding; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baksh, Michael M.
AU  - Jaros, Michal
AU  - Groves, Jay T.
T1  - Detection of molecular interactions at membrane surfaces through colloid phase transitions.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6970
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 141
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The molecular architecture of-and biochemical processes within-cell membranes play important roles in all living organisms, with many drugs and infectious disease agents targeting membranes. Experimental studies of biochemical reactions on membrane surfaces are challenging, as they require a membrane environment that is fluid (like cell membranes) but nevertheless allows for the efficient detection and characterization of molecular interactions. One approach uses lipid membranes supported on solid substrates such as silica or polymers: although the membrane is trapped near the solid interface, it retains natural fluidity and biological functionality and can be implanted with membrane proteins for functional studies. But the detection of molecular interactions involving membrane-bound species generally requires elaborate techniques, such as surface plasmon resonance or total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Here we demonstrate that colloidal phase transitions of membrane-coated silica beads provide a simple and label-free method for monitoring molecular interactions on lipid membrane surfaces. By adjusting the lipid membrane composition and hence the pair interaction potential between the membrane-supporting silica beads, we poise our system near a phase transition so that small perturbations on the membrane surface induce dramatic changes in the macroscopic organization of the colloid. We expect that this approach, used here to probe with high sensitivity protein binding events at membrane surfaces, can be applied to study a broad range of cell membrane processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11862246; Baksh, Michael M. 1,2 Jaros, Michal 1 Groves, Jay T. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California  2: Physical Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: 1/8/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6970, p139; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02209
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frabetti, P.L.
AU  - Cheung, H.W.K.
AU  - Cumalat, J.P.
AU  - Dallapiccola, C.
AU  - Ginkel, J.F.
AU  - Johns, W.E.
AU  - Nehring, M.S.
AU  - Vaandering, E.W.
AU  - Butler, J.N.
AU  - Cihangir, S.
AU  - Gaines, I.
AU  - Garbincius, P.H.
AU  - Garren, L.
AU  - Gourlay, S.A.
AU  - Harding, D.J.
AU  - Kasper, P.
AU  - Kreymer, A.
AU  - Lebrun, P.
AU  - Shukla, S.
AU  - Vittone, M.
T1  - On the narrow dip structure at 1.9 GeV<f>/c2</f> in diffractive photoproduction
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 578
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 290
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The narrow dip observed at 1.9 GeV<f>/c2</f> by the Fermilab experiment E687 in diffractive photoproduction of <f>3π+3π−</f> is examined. The E687 data are refitted, a mechanism is proposed to explain why this resonance appears as a dip, and possible interpretations are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - ASTRONOMY
N1  - Accession Number: 11731916; Frabetti, P.L. 1 Cheung, H.W.K. 2 Cumalat, J.P. 2 Dallapiccola, C. 2 Ginkel, J.F. 2 Johns, W.E. 2 Nehring, M.S. 2 Vaandering, E.W. 2 Butler, J.N. 3 Cihangir, S. 3 Gaines, I. 3 Garbincius, P.H. 3 Garren, L. 3 Gourlay, S.A. 3 Harding, D.J. 3 Kasper, P. 3 Kreymer, A. 3 Lebrun, P. 3 Shukla, S. 3 Vittone, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and INFN-Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy  2: University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 578 Issue 3/4, p290; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.071
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Baker, M.D.
AU  - Barton, D.S.
AU  - Betts, R.R.
AU  - Ballintijn, M.
AU  - Bickley, A.A.
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Budzanowski, A.
AU  - Busza, W.
AU  - Carroll, A.
AU  - Decowski, M.P.
AU  - García, E.
AU  - George, N.
AU  - Gulbrandsen, K.
AU  - Gushue, S.
AU  - Halliwell, C.
AU  - Hamblen, J.
AU  - Heintzelman, G.A.
AU  - Henderson, C.
AU  - Hofman, D.J.
T1  - Charged hadron transverse momentum distributions in <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at <f>√ of sNN=200</f> GeV
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01/08/
VL  - 578
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We present transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at <f>√ of sNN=200</f> GeV. The spectra were measured for transverse momenta <f>pT</f> from 0.25 to 4.5 GeV<f>/c</f> in a pseudorapidity range of <f>0.2<η<1.4</f>. The evolution of the spectra is studied as a function of collision centrality, from 65 to 344 participating nucleons. The results are compared to data from proton–antiproton collisions and <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at lower RHIC energies. We find a significant change of the spectral shape between proton–antiproton and semi-peripheral <f>Au+Au</f> collisions. Comparing semi-peripheral to central <f>Au+Au</f> collisions, we find that the yields at high <f>pT</f> exhibit approximate scaling with the number of participating nucleons, rather than scaling with the number of binary collisions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11731917; Back, B.B. 1 Baker, M.D. 2 Barton, D.S. 2 Betts, R.R. 3 Ballintijn, M. 4 Bickley, A.A. 5 Bindel, R. 5 Budzanowski, A. 6 Busza, W. 4 Carroll, A. 2 Decowski, M.P. 4 García, E. 3 George, N. 1,2 Gulbrandsen, K. 4 Gushue, S. 2 Halliwell, C. 3 Hamblen, J. 7 Heintzelman, G.A. 2 Henderson, C. 4 Hofman, D.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA  4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  5: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  6: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland  7: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 578 Issue 3/4, p297; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bramlett, J. Morris
AU  - Im, Hee-Jung
AU  - Yu, Xiang-Hua
AU  - Chen, Tianniu
AU  - Cai, Hu
AU  - Roecker, Lee E.
AU  - Barnes, Craig E.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Xue, Zi-Ling
T1  - Reactions of thioether carboxylic acids with mercury(II). Formation and X-ray crystal structure of mercury(II) mercaptoacetate
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/01/09/
VL  - 357
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Reactions of Hg(II) salts with thioether carboxylic acids <f>o</f>-C6H4[CH(SCH2COOH)2]2 (1a) and PhCH(SCH2COOH)2 (3) in water were found to lead to the decomposition of these ligands with the formation of mercury(II) mercaptoacetate Hg(SCH2COOH)2 (2) and aldehydes <f>o</f>-C6H4(CHO)2 and PhCHO, respectively. A similar reaction was observed between Hg(NO3)2 and CH3(CH2)2CH(SCH2COOH)2 (4). The X-ray structure of Hg(SCH2COOH)2 (2) shows a linear –S–Hg–S– moiety. The mechanism of the formation of 2 in the reactions between Hg2+ and thioether carboxylic acids in water is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - CARBOXYLIC acids
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - Dithioacetals
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Mercury complexes
KW  - Thiolate
N1  - Accession Number: 11731422; Bramlett, J. Morris 1 Im, Hee-Jung 1 Yu, Xiang-Hua 1 Chen, Tianniu 1 Cai, Hu 1 Roecker, Lee E. 2 Barnes, Craig E. 1 Dai, Sheng 3 Xue, Zi-Ling 1; Email Address: xue@novell.chem.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, 1600 Circle, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Berea College, Berea, KY 40404, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 357 Issue 1, p243; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: CARBOXYLIC acids; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dithioacetals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thiolate; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-1693(03)00446-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, T.N.
AU  - Land, T.A.
AU  - Martin, T.
AU  - Casey, W.H.
AU  - DeYoreo, J.J.
T1  - AFM investigation of step kinetics and hillock morphology of the {1 0 0} face of KDP
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/01/09/
VL  - 260
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Step velocities and hillock slopes on the {1 0 0} face of KDP were measured over a supersaturation range of <f>0<σ<0.15</f>, where <f>σ</f> is the supersaturation. The formation of macrosteps and their evolution with distance from the hillock top were also observed. Hillock slope depended linearly on supersaturation and hillock geometry. The two non-equivalent sectors exhibited different slopes and step velocities. AFM shows an elementary step height of 3.7 A˚, or half the unit cell height, whereas previous interferometric experiments assumed the elementary step was a unit cell. Values of the step edge energy (α), the kinetic coefficients for the slow and fast directions (<f>βS</f> and <f>βF</f>), and the activation energies for slow and fast step motion (<f>Ea,S</f> and <f>Ea,F</f>) were calculated to be 24.0 erg/cm2, 0.071 cm/s, 0.206 cm/s, 0.26 eV/molecule, and 0.21 eV/molecule, respectively. Analysis of macrostep evolution including the dependence of step height on time and terrace width on distance were performed and compared to predictions of published models. The results do not allow us to distinguish between a shock wave model and a continuous step-doubling model. Analysis within the latter model leads to a characteristic adsorption time for impurities (<f>λ−1</f>) of 0.0716 s. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - SUPERSATURATED solutions
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - MACROSTELES
KW  - A1. Atomic force microscopy
KW  - A1. Characterization
KW  - A1. Crystal morphology
KW  - A1. Supersaturated solutions
KW  - B1. Phosphates
N1  - Accession Number: 11614923; Thomas, T.N. 1,2; Email Address: tnthomas@ucdavis.edu Land, T.A. 2 Martin, T. 2,3 Casey, W.H. 1,4 DeYoreo, J.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California at Davis,One Shields Ave., UC Davis LAWR, 1110PES bldg., Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Department of Geology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 260 Issue 3/4, p566; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: SUPERSATURATED solutions; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: MACROSTELES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Crystal morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Supersaturated solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Phosphates; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.08.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alvarado, Jorge S.
AU  - Rose, Candace
T1  - Static headspace analysis of volatile organic compounds in soil and vegetation samples for site characterization
JO  - Talanta
JF  - Talanta
Y1  - 2004/01/09/
VL  - 62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 23
SN  - 00399140
AB  - Traditional methodologies for the characterization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in subsurface soil are expensive, time-consuming processes that are often conducted on samples collected at random. The determination of VOCs in near-surface soils and vegetation is the foundation for a more efficient sampling strategy to characterize subsurface soil and improve understanding of environmental problems.In the absence of a standard methodology for the determination of VOCs in vegetation and in view of the high detection limits of the method for soils, we developed a methodology using headspace gas chromatography with an electron capture detector for the determination of low levels (parts-per-billion to parts-per-trillion) of VOCs in soils and vegetation. The technique demonstrates good sensitivity, good recoveries of internal standards and surrogate compounds, good performance, and minimal waste. A case study involving application of this technique as a first-step vadose-zone characterization methodology is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Talanta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - SOIL testing
KW  - VOLATILE organic compounds
KW  - GAS chromatography
KW  - Site characterization
KW  - Soils
KW  - Static headspace
KW  - Vegetation
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 22238972; Alvarado, Jorge S.; Email Address: jalvarado@anl.gov Rose, Candace 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1, p17; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: SOIL testing; Subject Term: VOLATILE organic compounds; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Static headspace; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vegetation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile organic compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00416-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dietz, Mark L.
AU  - Jensen, Mark P.
T1  - EXAFS investigations of strontium complexation by a polymer-supported crown ether
JO  - Talanta
JF  - Talanta
Y1  - 2004/01/09/
VL  - 62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 113
SN  - 00399140
AB  - Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements have been used to probe the coordination environment of strontium ion sorbed from aqueous nitric acid solutions on an extraction chromatographic resin comprising a macrocyclic polyether dispersed on a polymeric support. The strontium EXAFS of the metal ions sorbed onto the resin are consistent with a 1:1:2 strontium:crown ether:nitrate stoichiometry in which the strontium is enveloped in the crown ether ring and both nitrate anions are coordinated to the strontium as bidentate ligands. This is the same structure and stoichiometry observed for complexes in liquid–liquid extraction when the macrocyclic polyether is dissolved in a diluent with low water miscibility like 1-octanol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Talanta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - IONS
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - Crown ether
KW  - EXAFS
KW  - Extraction chromatography
KW  - Strontium
N1  - Accession Number: 22238985; Dietz, Mark L. 1 Jensen, Mark P.; Email Address: mjensen@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crown ether; Author-Supplied Keyword: EXAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extraction chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strontium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00422-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaiser, Allen E.
AU  - Graham, Alan L.
AU  - Mondy, Lisa A.
T1  - Non-Newtonian wall effects in concentrated suspensions
JO  - Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
JF  - Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/01/10/
VL  - 116
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 479
SN  - 03770257
AB  - This paper investigates the wall effects on the settling velocity of a falling ball in concentrated suspensions. The model suspensions consist of uniform neutrally buoyant spheres in a viscous Newtonian suspending fluid under conditions such that only hydrodynamic forces exert an appreciable effect. A number of previous studies have focused on determining the average velocity of the settling particle along the centerline or axis of the containing cylinders. The objective of this study is to determine the wall effects experienced by the falling balls as they settle off-center or eccentrically at a radial distance b from the centerline in a cylinder of radius R.We find that in the dilute suspensions (volume concentration of solids, <F>φ=10</F>%), off-center wall effects are indistinguishable from those in pure Newtonian fluids. For the moderately concentrated suspensions (<F>φ=30</F>%), off-center wall effects begin to deviate from Newtonian behavior as the ball approaches the wall (<F>b/R>0.5</F>) and the ball settles slower than it would in a Newtonian fluid with the same apparent viscosity. In a highly concentrated suspension (<F>φ=50%</F>), the Newtonian region in the center of the cylinder is much smaller (<F>b/R<0.3</F>) and wall effects are significantly stronger than those found in the moderately concentrated suspension. These results indicate that current suspension constitutive models that assume generalized Newtonian behavior for concentrated suspensions must be reexamined as wall effects are much larger and extend further into the suspension than previously thought. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEWTONIAN fluids
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - CYLINDERS (Engines)
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - Creeping flow
KW  - Falling-ball rheometry
KW  - Suspensions
KW  - Wall effects
N1  - Accession Number: 12377560; Kaiser, Allen E. 1 Graham, Alan L. 1; Email Address: alan.graham@coe.ttu.edu Mondy, Lisa A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, PO Box 43121, Lubbock, TX 79409-3121, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0834, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 116 Issue 2/3, p479; Subject Term: NEWTONIAN fluids; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: CYLINDERS (Engines); Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creeping flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Falling-ball rheometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suspensions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wall effects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2003.11.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Y.K.
AU  - Debbe, R.
AU  - Lee, J.H.
AU  - Ito, Hironori
AU  - Sanders, S.J.
T1  - Plastic scintillator centrality detector for BRAHMS
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/01/11/
VL  - 516
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An array of 40 tiles of thin plastic scintillators is used to construct the outer layer of the charged particle multiplicity detector for the BRAHMS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Each tile is a square with <f>12 cm</f> long sides and <f>5 mm</f> thickness. The light from each of the scintillators is collected by wavelength shifting fibers embedded on the periphery. The light collection is uniform within 5% over the tile with the edge effect limited to <f>4 mm</f> along the edge. The response is found to be linear in the high-multiplicity environment at RHIC with Au+Au beams at <f>√ of <RCD>s<rm>NN</rm></RCD></f> of <f>200 GeV</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - OPTICAL fibers
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Multiplicity
KW  - Optical fibers
N1  - Accession Number: 11769661; Lee, Y.K. 1; Email Address: yklee@jhu.edu Debbe, R. 2 Lee, J.H. 2 Ito, Hironori 3 Sanders, S.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics & Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218-2695, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 516 Issue 2/3, p281; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL fibers; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiplicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical fibers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.159
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11769661&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Habermehl, S.
AU  - Apodaca, R.T.
T1  - Correlation of charge transport to intrinsic strain in silicon oxynitride and Si-rich silicon nitride thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 217
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Poole–Frenkel emission in Si-rich nitride and silicon oxynitride thin films is studied in conjunction with compositional aspects of their elastic properties. For Si-rich nitrides varying in composition from SiN[sub 1.33] to SiN[sub 0.54], the Poole–Frenkel trap depth ([uppercase_phi_synonym][sub B]) decreases from 1.08 to 0.52 eV as the intrinsic film strain (ε[sub i]) decreases from 0.0036 to -0.0016. For oxynitrides varying in composition from SiN[sub 1.33] to SiO[sub 1.49]N[sub 0.35], [uppercase_phi_synonym][sub B] increases from 1.08 to 1.53 eV as ε[sub i] decreases from 0.0036 to 0.0006. In both material systems, a direct correlation is observed between [uppercase_phi_synonym][sub B] and ε[sub i]. Compositionally induced strain relief as a mechanism for regulating [uppercase_phi_synonym][sub B] is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11861879; Habermehl, S. 1 Apodaca, R.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Microelectronics Development Lab, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: 1/12/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 2, p215; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639132
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palau, A.
AU  - Puig, T.
AU  - Obradors, X.
AU  - Pardo, E.
AU  - Navau, C.
AU  - Sanchez, A.
AU  - Usoskin, A.
AU  - Freyhardt, H.C.
AU  - Fernández, L.
AU  - Holzapfel, B.
AU  - Feenstra, R.
T1  - Simultaneous inductive determination of grain and intergrain critical current densities of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-x] coated conductors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 230
EP  - 232
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - An inductive methodology simultaneously enabling the determination of grain- and intergrain critical current densities of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-x] coated conductors is developed. This noninvasive method is based on the identification of a clear peak in the reverse branch of the magnetization loop at a positive magnetic field, as a signature of the electromagnetic granularity inherent to these materials. A quantitative evaluation of the return magnetic field at the grain boundaries allows us to understand the existence of this magnetization peak and quantify the grain critical current density. This methodology is envisaged to sort out granularity effects from vortex pinning effects on coated conductors. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 11861874; Palau, A. 1 Puig, T. 1 Obradors, X. 1 Pardo, E. 2 Navau, C. 2 Sanchez, A. 2 Usoskin, A. 3 Freyhardt, H.C. 3 Fernández, L. 4 Holzapfel, B. 4 Feenstra, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institut Ciència Materials Barcelona  2: Grup d'Electromagnetisme, Department Física  3: Zentrum fur Funktion Wekstoffe, Germany  4: IFW Dresden, Germany  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 1/12/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 2, p230; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639940
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fong, C.Y.
AU  - Qian, M.C.
AU  - Pask, J.E.
AU  - Yang, L.H.
AU  - Dag, S.
T1  - Electronic and magnetic properties of zinc blende half-metal superlattices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 241
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Zinc blende half-metallic compounds such as CrAs, with large magnetic moments and high Curie temperatures, are promising materials for spintronic applications. We explore layered materials, consisting of alternating layers of zinc blende half-metals, by first principles calculations, and find that superlattices of (CrAs)[sub 1](MnAs)[sub 1] and (CrAs)[sub 2](MnAs)[sub 2] are half-metallic with magnetic moments of 7.0μ[sub B] and 14.0μ[sub B] per unit cell, respectively. We discuss the nature of the bonding and half-metallicity in these materials and, based on the understanding acquired, develop a simple expression for the magnetic moment in such materials. We explore the range of lattice constants over which half-metallicity is manifested, and suggest corresponding substrates for growth in thin film form. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPHALERITE
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - CURIE temperature
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SPINTRONICS
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11861871; Fong, C.Y. 1 Qian, M.C. 1 Pask, J.E. 2 Yang, L.H. 2 Dag, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  3: Department of Physics, Bilkent University; Source Info: 1/12/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 2, p239; Subject Term: SPHALERITE; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: CURIE temperature; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SPINTRONICS; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639934
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K.
AU  - Claus, H.
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Gray, K.E.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Improving the ratio of the grain-boundary and bulk critical currents in YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-δ] film.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
EP  - 244
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Magneto-optical images of flux patterns in a ring of epitaxial YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7-δ] film with an artificial 10° grain boundary are used to determine the ratio of the grain-boundary critical current to the bulk critical current. This ratio which first increases slowly with temperature is found to make a sharp upturn above 77 K showing that the grain-boundary critical current quickly converges to the bulk value at higher temperatures. From the measured ratio and the grain-boundary critical current obtained from magnetization, the temperature dependence of the bulk critical current is recovered. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - MAGNETOOPTICS
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11861870; Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K. 1 Claus, H. 1 Welp, U. 1 Gray, K.E. 1 Ma, B. 2 Balachandran, U. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 1/12/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 2, p242; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: MAGNETOOPTICS; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639503
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Hydrogen Could Fuel the Digital Electrical Grid.
JO  - Electronic Design
JF  - Electronic Design
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 24
PB  - Penton Media, Inc.
SN  - 00134872
AB  - Discusses the efficacy of hydrogen in fueling the digital electrical grid.  Capacity to generate electricity and power at home; Utilization of renewable energy generation and hydrogen storage for continous power; Stabilization of electricity prices.
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
N1  - Accession Number: 11924094; Turner, John A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Principal Scientist, National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Source Info: 1/12/2004, Vol. 52 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conradson, Steven D.
AU  - Abney, Kent D.
AU  - Begg, Bruce D.
AU  - Brady, Erik D.
AU  - Clark, David L.
AU  - den Auwer, Christophe
AU  - Mei Ding, Christophe
AU  - Dorhout, Peter K.
AU  - Espinosa-Faller, Francisco J.
AU  - Gordon, Pamela L.
AU  - Haire, Richard G.
AU  - Hess, Nancy J.
AU  - Hess, Ryan F.
AU  - Keogh, D. Webster
AU  - Lander, Gerard H.
AU  - Lupinetti, Anthony J.
AU  - Morales, Luis A.
AU  - Neu, Mary P.
AU  - Palmer, Phillip D.
T1  - Higher Order Speciation Effects on Plutonium L[sub 3] X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectra.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
EP  - 131
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Reports on the Pu L[sub3] x-ray near edge absorption spectra for Plutonium.  Coverage for chalcogenides, chlorides, hydrates, hydroxides, nitrates, carbonates and other compounds as solids and in solution; Substitution in zirconolite, perovskite and borosilicate glass; Extension of the correlations database between the energy and shape of the spectra from the XANES with valence and site symmetry to higher order chemical effects.
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - VALENCE (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12212594; Conradson, Steven D. 1; Email Address: conradson@lanl.gov Abney, Kent D. 2 Begg, Bruce D. 3 Brady, Erik D. 4 Clark, David L. 5 den Auwer, Christophe 6 Mei Ding, Christophe 4 Dorhout, Peter K. 7 Espinosa-Faller, Francisco J. 8 Gordon, Pamela L. 4 Haire, Richard G. 9 Hess, Nancy J. 10 Hess, Ryan F. 2 Keogh, D. Webster 5 Lander, Gerard H. 11 Lupinetti, Anthony J. 2 Morales, Luis A. 2 Neu, Mary P. 4 Palmer, Phillip D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  3: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Australia  4: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  5: Seaborg Institute for Transactinum Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  6: CEA Marcoule, France  7: Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University  8: School of Engineering and Science, Merista University, Centro Marista de Estudios Superiores, Mexico  9: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee  10: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington  11: European Commission, Joint Research Center, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Germany; Source Info: 1/12/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p116; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: VALENCE (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kortz, Ulrich
AU  - Nellutla, Saritha
AU  - Stowe, Ashley C.
AU  - Dalal, Naresh S.
AU  - van Tol, Johan
AU  - Bassil, Bassem S.
T1  - Structure and Magnetism of the Tetra-Copper(II)-Substituted Heteropolyanion [Cu[sub 4]K[sub 2](H[sub 2]O)[sub 8](α-AsW[sub 9]O[sub 33])[sub 2]][sup 8-].
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
EP  - 154
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a novel heteropolyanion by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and magnetic studies.  Chemical formula; Use of single x-ray analysis; Crystallization in the tetragonal system; Formation of dimeric polyoxoanion; Components of the polyanion; Resolution of all copper ions with single terminal water molecules in square-pyramidal coordination geometry.
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - CHEMICAL formulas
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - COPPER
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12212597; Kortz, Ulrich 1; Email Address: u.kortz@iu-bremen.de Nellutla, Saritha 2 Stowe, Ashley C. 2 Dalal, Naresh S. 2; Email Address: dalal@chemmail.chem.fsu.edu van Tol, Johan 2,3 Bassil, Bassem S. 1; Affiliation:  1: School of Engineering and Science, International University Bremen, Germany  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State university  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, Florida; Source Info: 1/12/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p144; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: CHEMICAL formulas; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: IONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Selby, Paul B.
AU  - Earhart, Vicki S.
AU  - Garrison, Edna M.
AU  - Douglas Raymer, G.
T1  - Tests of induction in mice by acute and chronic ionizing radiation and ethylnitrosourea of dominant mutations that cause the more common skeletal anomalies
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 545
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
SN  - 00275107
AB  - Assessment-of-Dominant-Damage (ADD) experiments explored induction by proven specific-locus mutagens of dominant mutations that cause skeletal anomalies, cataracts, and stunted growth in offspring of mutagenized male mice. The data set reported here includes 6134 offspring. Mutagenic treatments included 600 R (i.e., approximately 6 Gy) of X-rays delivered in about 7 min, 600 R of gamma rays delivered over about 110 days, and four weekly intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 77.5 mg/kg of ethylnitrosourea (ENU). The results reported in this paper are restricted to mutations induced in stem-cell spermatogonia and to the 34 more common skeletal anomalies (i.e., those found in 0.5% or more of the control offspring). Mutation induction was demonstrated for eight anomalies in the acute X-ray experiment and for 17 anomalies (including those same eight anomalies) in the ENU experiment. In spite of the surprisingly high mutation rates found for these treatments, there was no hint of any induction of such dominant mutations by 600 R of chronic gamma radiation. Our results suggest that several anomalies related to variation in the sacralization pattern may be particularly useful for revealing induction of dominant mutations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUTAGENS
KW  - HUMAN abnormalities
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - ADD experiments
KW  - Dominant skeletal mutations
KW  - Ethylnitrosourea
KW  - Hereditary effects of radiation
KW  - Specific-locus mutations
N1  - Accession Number: 11732505; Selby, Paul B. 1,2; Email Address: pbs@mac.com Earhart, Vicki S. 2,3 Garrison, Edna M. 2,4 Douglas Raymer, G. 2,5; Affiliation:  1: RiskMuTox, 131 Clemson Drive, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8077, USA  3: 1200 Deaton Road, Lenoir City, TN 37772, USA  4: 9615 Briarwood Drive, Knoxville, TN 37923, USA  5: 2491 Loudin Ridge, Lenoir City, TN 37771, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 545 Issue 1/2, p81; Subject Term: MUTAGENS; Subject Term: HUMAN abnormalities; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: ADD experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dominant skeletal mutations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylnitrosourea; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hereditary effects of radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific-locus mutations; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.09.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Selby, Paul B.
AU  - Earhart, Vicki S.
AU  - Garrison, Edna M.
AU  - Raymer, G. Douglas
T1  - Description of first germinal mosaic mutation identified in dominant skeletal mutation experiments and considerations about how to deal with this kind of spontaneous mutation in analyses
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 545
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 00275107
AB  - Germinal mosaicism is a well-established mechanism by which new spontaneous mutations enter the human population, but it is only rather recently that clusters of mutations arising in that way have been acknowledged and dealt with in specific-locus experiments on male mice. This paper reports the first cluster of germinal mosaic mutations to have been identified in experiments on the induction of dominant skeletal mutations. The mutation was detected in six offspring of a control male from the radiation part of an Assessment-of-Dominant-Damage (ADD) experiment. Reasons are provided to explain why this one litter of six mutants was excluded from the analysis of induction of dominant mutations causing the more common skeletal anomalies, which is reported in another paper. The effects of excluding this litter from that analysis are fully described. There is discussion of why such clusters should be included in some analyses but omitted in others. They should certainly always be reported because, in some cases, they can have a major impact on conclusions. Details on this one cluster of FCGM mutations provide numerous examples of how a dominant skeletal mutation that causes rare effects can also cause many of the more common anomalies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - MICE
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - Clusters of mutations
KW  - Dominant skeletal mutations
KW  - Germinal mosaicism
KW  - Specific-locus mutations
N1  - Accession Number: 11732506; Selby, Paul B. 1,2; Email Address: pbs@mac.com Earhart, Vicki S. 2,3 Garrison, Edna M. 2,4 Raymer, G. Douglas 2,5; Affiliation:  1: RiskMuTox, 131 Clemson Drive, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8077, USA  3: 1200 Deaton Road, Lenoir City, TN 37772, USA  4: 9615 Briarwood Drive, Knoxville, TN 37923, USA  5: 2491 Loudin Ridge, Lenoir City, TN 37771, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 545 Issue 1/2, p109; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clusters of mutations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dominant skeletal mutations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germinal mosaicism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific-locus mutations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.09.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Itakura, Kazunori
AU  - Kovchegov, Yuri V.
AU  - McLerran, Larry
AU  - Teaney, Derek
T1  - Baryon stopping and valence quark distribution at small <f>x</f>
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 160
EP  - 190
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We argue that the amount of baryon stopping observed in the central rapidity region of heavy-ion collisions at RHIC is proportional to the nuclear valence quark distributions at small <f>x</f>. By generalizing Mueller''s dipole model to describe reggeons we construct a non-linear evolution equation for the valence quark distributions at small <f>x</f> in the leading double-logarithmic approximation. The equation includes the effects of gluon saturation in it. The solution of the evolution equation gives a valence quark distribution function <f>dnval/dy∼e−(0.4÷0.5)y</f>. We show that this <f>y</f>-dependence as well as the predictions of regge theory are consistent with the net-proton rapidity distribution reported by BRAHMS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 22238588; Itakura, Kazunori 1; Email Address: itakura@spht.saclay.cea.fr Kovchegov, Yuri V. 2 McLerran, Larry 3 Teaney, Derek 3; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 510A, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Box 351560, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  3: Nuclear Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 510A, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1/2, p160; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.10.016
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ovchinnikov, S.Yu.
AU  - Ogurtsov, G.N.
AU  - Macek, J.H.
AU  - Gordeev, Yu.S.
T1  - Dynamics of ionization in atomic collisions
JO  - Physics Reports
JF  - Physics Reports
Y1  - 2004/01/12/
VL  - 389
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 159
SN  - 03701573
AB  - The present state of the theoretical study of ionization in ion–atom and atom–atom collisions is reviewed on the basis of quantum mechanical approaches to the solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Perturbative theories as well as the methods employing exact numerical solutions of the Schrödinger equation, expansion of wave functions on atomic and molecular bases and Sturmian expansions are considered. Advantages and limitations of these methods are assessed for colliding systems with one “active” electron, e.g. <f>H+</f>–H and <f>He2+</f>–H. Comparison of calculations with available experimental data is given in a broad collision energy range. Perspectives for further developments are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Reports is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Atomic collision
KW  - Electron spectra
KW  - Ionization
N1  - Accession Number: 22259355; Ovchinnikov, S.Yu. 1,2,3; Email Address: serge@charcoal.phys.utk.edu Ogurtsov, G.N. 3; Email Address: g.ogurtsov@mail.ioffe.ru Macek, J.H. 1,2; Email Address: jmacek@utk.edu Gordeev, Yu.S. 3; Email Address: gorgeev@mail.ioffe.ru; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, 401 Nielson Bldg., University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: A.F.Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St.-Petersburg 194021, Russia; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 389 Issue 3, p119; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic collision; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization; Number of Pages: 41p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physrep.2003.09.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, David M.
AU  - Feng Sheng Hu
AU  - Jian Tian
AU  - Stefanova, Ivanka
AU  - Brown, Thomas A.
T1  - Response of C3; and C4; plants to middle-Holocene climatic variation near the prairie--forest ecotone of Minnesota.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/01/13/
VL  - 101
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 562
EP  - 567
SN  - 00278424
AB  - The paleorecords of middle Holocene (MH) from North American mid-continent can offer insights into ecological responses to pervasive drought that may accompany future climatic warming. Researchers analyzed MH sediments from West Olaf Lake and Steel Lake in Minnesota to examine the effects of warm or dry climatic conditions on prairie-woodland ecosystems. Mineral composition and carbonate were used to determine climatic variations, whereas pollen assemblages, charcoal, and charcoal accumulation rates were used to reconstruct vegetation composition, C[sub3] and C[sub4] plant abundance, and fire.
KW  - HOLOCENE paleoceanography
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - FOREST ecology
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - ECOTONES
KW  - HOLOCENE Avulsions in the Rhine-Meuse Delta, the Netherlands (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12214391; Nelson, David M. 1; Email Address: dmnelson@life.uiuc.edu Feng Sheng Hu 1,2,3 Jian Tian 3 Stefanova, Ivanka 4 Brown, Thomas A. 5; Affiliation:  1: Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Illinois, 265 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801.  2: Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 265 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801.  3: Department of Geology, University of Illinois, 245 Natural History Building, 1301 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801.  4: Limnological Research Center, University of Minnesota, 220 Pillsbury Hall, 310 Pillsbury Drive Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455.  5: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551.; Source Info: 1/13/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 2, p562; Subject Term: HOLOCENE paleoceanography; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: FOREST ecology; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: ECOTONES; Reviews & Products: HOLOCENE Avulsions in the Rhine-Meuse Delta, the Netherlands (Book); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0307450100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaghib, Karim
AU  - Kinoshita, Kimio
T1  - Advanced materials for negative electrodes in Li-polymer batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/01/14/
VL  - 125
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The active materials in commercial Li-ion batteries are usually graphitized carbons for the negative electrode and LiCoO2 for the positive electrode. However, there is strong interest in alternative negative electrode materials with higher reversible capacity. The discussion in this paper is directed at analyzing the electrochemical performance of negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries. The physicochemical properties and the electrochemical performance of active materials in the negative electrodes are intimately connected, therefore both parameters are considered in selecting an alternative material to graphite. An analysis of this relationship is discussed in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Graphite
KW  - Irreversible capacity loss
KW  - Li alloys
KW  - Li intercalation
N1  - Accession Number: 11883787; Zaghib, Karim 1; Email Address: karimz@ireq.ca Kinoshita, Kimio 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec (IREQ), 1800 Boul, Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Que., Canada J3X 1S1  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 125 Issue 2, p214; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irreversible capacity loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li intercalation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.08.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sivadinarayana, Chinta
AU  - Choudhary, Tushar V.
AU  - Daemen, Luke L.
AU  - Eckert, Juergen
AU  - Goodman, David W.
T1  - The Nature of the Surface Species Formed on Au/TiO2 during the Reaction of H2and O2: An Inelastic Neutron Scattering Study.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/14/
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 39
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article presents an inelastic neutron scattering study of the nature of the surface species formed on Au/TiO[SUB2] during the reaction of H[SUB2] and O[SUB2]. While gold has historically been viewed as an unreactive, noble metal, recent studies have shown that supported nanosized, Au catalysts exhibit high catalytic activity for a variety of reactions. One of the most technologically interesting of these reactions is the vapor phase epoxidation of propylene. Since the conventional manufacturing methods for the synthesis of propylene oxide (an important chemical feedstock) involve multiple-step processes using either chlorohydrin or hydroperoxide as an oxidant, its synthesis directly from molecular oxygen has long been sought.
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - GOLD
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - PROPYLENE oxide
KW  - OXIDIZING agents
N1  - Accession Number: 12258182; Sivadinarayana, Chinta 1 Choudhary, Tushar V. 1 Daemen, Luke L. 2 Eckert, Juergen 2,3 Goodman, David W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840.  2: LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  3: Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106.; Source Info: 1/14/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p38; Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: PROPYLENE oxide; Subject Term: OXIDIZING agents; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Funk, Tobias
AU  - Weiwei Gu
AU  - Friedrich, Stephan
AU  - Hongxin Wang
AU  - Gencic, Simonida
AU  - Grahame, David A.
AU  - Cramer, Stephen P.
T1  - Chemically Distinct Ni Sites in the A-Cluster in Subunit β of the Acetyl-CoA Decarbonylase/Synthase Complex from Methanosarcina thermophila: Ni L-Edge Absorption and X-ray Magnetic Circular...
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/14/
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
EP  - 95
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The 5-subunit-containing acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase (ACDS) complex plays an important role in methanogenic Archaea that convert acetate to methane, by catalyzing the central reaction of acetate C-C bond cleavage in which acetyl-CoA serves as the acetyl donor substrate reacting at the ACDS β subunit active site. The properties of Ni in the active site A-cluster in the ACDS β subunit from Methanosarcina thermophila were investigated. A recombinant, C-terminally truncated form of the β subunit was employed, which mimics the native subunit previously isolated from the ACDS complex, and contains an A-cluster composed of an [Fe[SUB4]S[SUB4]] center bridged to a binuclear Ni-Ni site. The electronic structures of these two Ni were studied using L-edge absorption and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopy. The L-edge absorption data provided evidence for two distinct Ni species in the as-isolated enzyme, one with low-spin Ni(II) and the other with high-spin Ni(II). XMCD spectroscopy confirmed that the species producing the high-spin signal was paramagnetic. Upon treatment with Ti[SUP3+] citrate, an additional Ni species emerged, which was assigned to Ni(I). By contrast, CO treatment of the reduced enzyme converted nearly all of the Ni in the sample to low-spin Ni(II). The results implicate reaction of a high-spin tetrahedral Ni site with CO to form an enzyme-CO adduct transformed to a low-spin Ni(II) state. These findings are discussed in relation to the mechanism of C-C bond activation, in connection with the model of the β subunit A-cluster developed from companion Ni and Fe K edge, XANES, and EXAFS studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETYLCOENZYME A
KW  - MAGNETIC circular dichroism
KW  - METHANOGENS
KW  - ACETATES
KW  - METHANE
KW  - CATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 12258207; Funk, Tobias 1 Weiwei Gu 2 Friedrich, Stephan 3 Hongxin Wang 2 Gencic, Simonida 4 Grahame, David A. 4 Cramer, Stephen P. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616.  3: Advanced Detector Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  4: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.; Source Info: 1/14/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p88; Subject Term: ACETYLCOENZYME A; Subject Term: MAGNETIC circular dichroism; Subject Term: METHANOGENS; Subject Term: ACETATES; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leung, Kevin
AU  - Rempe, Susan B.
T1  - Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study of Formate Ion Hydration.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/14/
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 344
EP  - 351
SN  - 00027863
AB  - We perform ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the aqueous formate ion. The mean number of water molecules in the first solvation shell, or the hydration number, of each formate oxygen is found to be consistent with recent experiments. Our ab initio pair correlation functions, however, differ significantly from many classical force field results and hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics predictions. They yield roughly one less hydrogen bond between each formate oxygen and water than force field or hybrid methods predict. Both the BLYP and PW91 exchange correlation functionals give qualitatively similar results. The time dependence of the hydration numbers are examined, and Wannier function techniques are used to analyze electronic configurations along the molecular dynamics trajectory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - IONS
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - SOLVATION
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12258235; Leung, Kevin 1 Rempe, Susan B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1415 and 0316, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 1/14/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p344; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrena, Esther
AU  - Palacios-Lidón, Elisa
AU  - Munuera, Carmen
AU  - Torrelles, Xavier
AU  - Ferrer, Salvador
AU  - Jonas, Ulrich
AU  - Salmeron, Miquel
AU  - Ocal, Carmen
T1  - The Role of Intermolecular and Molecule-Substrate Interactions in the Stability of Alkanethiol Nonsaturated Phases on Au(111).
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/14/
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 395
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The structure and stability of alkanethiols self-assembled on Au(111) have been studied as a function of the molecular chain length by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD). Below saturation, phases consisting of molecules with different tilt angles and periodicities are formed. Differences in the mechanical stability of these phases are revealed by AFM experiments and discussed in terms of the competition between intermolecular and molecule-substrate interactions as a function of chain length. For long molecules, intermolecular interactions play a dominant role which stabilizes the formation of closed packed 30° tilted (√3×√3)R30° structures. For short molecules, the van der Waals interaction with the gold substrate favors the formation of a 50° tilted phase in which the molecules are arranged in a rectangular configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - GRAZING incidence
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - GOLD
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12258240; Barrena, Esther 1 Palacios-Lidón, Elisa 1 Munuera, Carmen 1 Torrelles, Xavier 2 Ferrer, Salvador 3 Jonas, Ulrich 4 Salmeron, Miquel 5 Ocal, Carmen 1; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.  2: Institut de Ciència des Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus de Ia Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.  3: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France.  4: Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Gennany.  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 9470.; Source Info: 1/14/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p385; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: GRAZING incidence; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaiser, Jan
AU  - Park, Sunyoung
AU  - Boering, Kristie A.
AU  - Brenninkmeijer, Carl A. M.
AU  - Hilkert, Andreas
AU  - Röckmann, Thomas
T1  - Mass spectrometric method for the absolute calibration of the intramolecular nitrogen isotope distribution in nitrous oxide.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 378
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
EP  - 269
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - A mass spectrometric method to determine the absolute intramolecular (position-dependent) nitrogen isotope ratios of nitrous oxide (N2O) has been developed. It is based on the addition of different amounts of doubly labeled 15N2O to an N2O sample of the isotope ratio mass spectrometer reference gas, and subsequent measurement of the relative ion current ratios of species with mass 30, 31, 44, 45, and 46. All relevant quantities are measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometers, which means that the machines’ inherent high precision of the order of 10-5 can be fully exploited. External determination of dilution factors with generally lower precision is avoided. The method itself can be implemented within a day, but a calibration of the oxygen and average nitrogen isotope ratios relative to a primary isotopic reference material of known absolute isotopic composition has to be performed separately. The underlying theoretical framework is explored in depth. The effect of interferences due to 14N15N16O and 15N14N16O in the 15N2O sample and due to 15N2+ formation are fully accounted for in the calculation of the final position-dependent nitrogen isotope ratios. Considering all known statistical uncertainties of measured quantities and absolute isotope ratios of primary isotopic reference materials, we achieve an overall uncertainty of 0.9‰ (1σ). Using tropospheric N2O as common reference point for intercomparison purposes, we find a substantially higher relative enrichment of 15N at the central nitrogen atom over 15N at the terminal nitrogen atom than measured previously for tropospheric N2O based on a chemical conversion method: 46.3±1.4‰ as opposed to 18.7±2.2‰. However, our method depends critically on the absolute isotope ratios of the primary isotopic reference materials air–N2 and VSMOW. If they are systematically wrong, our estimates will also necessarily be incorrect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - ANESTHETICS
KW  - CENTRAL nervous system depressants
KW  - AVERTIN
KW  - Absolute position-dependent calibration
KW  - Intramolecular nitrogen isotope ratios
KW  - Isotope ratio mass spectrometry
KW  - Isotope ratio mass spectrometry.
KW  - Isotopic composition
KW  - Nitrous oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 15124878; Kaiser, Jan 1,2,3; Email Address: kaiser@princeton.edu Park, Sunyoung 4 Boering, Kristie A. 4,5 Brenninkmeijer, Carl A. M. 1 Hilkert, Andreas 6 Röckmann, Thomas 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany.  2: Atmospheric Physics Division, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany.  3: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Washington Road, 08544, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.  4: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.  5: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.  6: Thermo Finnigan MAT, Bremen, Germany.; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 378 Issue 2, p256; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: ANESTHETICS; Subject Term: CENTRAL nervous system depressants; Subject Term: AVERTIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absolute position-dependent calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intramolecular nitrogen isotope ratios; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope ratio mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope ratio mass spectrometry.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotopic composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrous oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-003-2233-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sorensen, K.J.
AU  - Turteltaub, K.
AU  - Vrankovich, G.
AU  - Williams, J.
AU  - Christian, A.T.
T1  - Whole-genome amplification of DNA from residual cells left by incidental contact
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 324
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 312
SN  - 00032697
N1  - Accession Number: 11733474; Sorensen, K.J. 1 Turteltaub, K. 2 Vrankovich, G. 1 Williams, J. 1 Christian, A.T. 2; Email Address: christian4@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-446, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-452, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 324 Issue 2, p312; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ab.2003.10.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pei, Jianhong
AU  - Tian, Fang
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - Glucose Biosensor Based on the Microcantilever.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
EP  - 297
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Diagnosis and management of diabetes require quantitative and selective detection of blood glucose levels. We report a technique for micromechanical detection of biologically relevant glucose concentrations by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto a microcantilever surface. Microfabricated cantilevers have traditionally found utility in atomic force microscope imaging. During the past decade, however, microcantilevers have been increasingly used as transducers in chemical-sensing systems. This paper describes the combination of this technology with enzyme specificity to construct a highly selective glucose biosensor. The enzyme-functionalized microcantilever undergoes bending due to a change in surface stress induced by the reaction between glucose in solution and the GOx immobilized on the cantilever surface. Experiments were carried out under flow conditions. The common interferences for glucose detection in other detection schemes have been tested and have shown to have no effect on the measurement of blood glucose level by this technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLOOD sugar monitoring
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - BLOOD sugar -- Analysis
KW  - GLUCOSE
KW  - MEDICAL equipment
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL apparatus
N1  - Accession Number: 12198459; Pei, Jianhong 1 Tian, Fang 1 Thundat, Thomas 1; Email Address: ugt@ornl.gov.; Affiliation:  1: Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6123.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 2, p292; Subject Term: BLOOD sugar monitoring; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: BLOOD sugar -- Analysis; Subject Term: GLUCOSE; Subject Term: MEDICAL equipment; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGICAL apparatus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laskin, Julia
AU  - Beck, Kenneth M.
AU  - Hache, John J.
AU  - Futrell, Jean H.
T1  - Surface-Induced Dissociation of Ions Produced by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization in a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
EP  - 356
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Intermediate pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization (MAIDI) source was constructed and interfaced with a 6-T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) specially configured for surface-induced dissociation (SID) studies. First MALDI- SID results in FT-ICR are presented, demonstrating unique advantages of SID over conventional FT-ICR MS ion activation techniques for structural characterization of singly protonated peptide ions. Specifically, we demonstrate that SID on a diamond surface results in a significantly better sequence coverage for singly protonated peptides than SORI-CID. A combination of two effects contributes to the improved sequence coverage: shattering of peptide ions on surfaces opens up a variety of dissociation channels at collision energies above 40 eV, and second, wide internal energy distribution deposited by collision with a stiff diamond surface provides an efficient mixing between the primary reaction channels that are dominant at low internal energies and extensive fragmentation at high internal excitation that results from shattering. Activation of MALDI-generated ions by collisions with surfaces in FT-ICR MS is a new powerful method for characterization and identification of bio-molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 12198468; Laskin, Julia 1; Email Address: Julia.Laskin@pnl.gov. Beck, Kenneth M. 1 Hache, John J. 1 Futrell, Jean H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 (K8-88), Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 2, p351; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fergenson, David P.
AU  - Pitesky, Maurice E.
AU  - Tobias, Herbert J.
AU  - Steele, Paul T.
AU  - Czerwieniec, Gregg A.
AU  - Russell, Scott C.
AU  - Lebrilla, Carlito B.
AU  - Horn, Joanne M.
AU  - Coffee, Keith R.
AU  - Srivastava, Abneesh
AU  - Pillai, Segaran P.
AU  - Shih, Meng-Ta Peter
AU  - Hall, Howard L.
AU  - Ramponi, Albert J.
AU  - Chang, John T.
AU  - Langlois, Richard G.
AU  - Estacio, Pedro L.
AU  - Hadley, Robert T.
AU  - Frank, Matthias
AU  - Gard, Eric E.
T1  - Reagentless Detection and Classification of Individual Bioaerosol Particles in Seconds.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
EP  - 378
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The rapid chemical analysis of individual cells is an analytical capability that will profoundly impact many fields including bioaerosol detection for biodefense and cellular diagnostics for clinical medicine. This article describes a mass spectrometry-based analytical technique for the real-time and reagentless characterization of individual airborne cells without sample preparation. We characterize the mass spectral signature of individual Bacillus spores and demonstrate the ability to distinguish two Bacillus spore species, B. thuringiensis and B. atrophaeus, from one another very accurately and from the other biological and nonbiological background materials tested with no false positives at a sensitivity of 92%. This example demonstrates that the chemical differences between these two Bacillus spore species are consistently and easily detected within single cells in seconds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - BACILLUS (Bacteria)
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - CELLS
KW  - GRAM-positive bacteria
N1  - Accession Number: 12198471; Fergenson, David P. 1 Pitesky, Maurice E. 1 Tobias, Herbert J. 1 Steele, Paul T. 1 Czerwieniec, Gregg A. 2 Russell, Scott C. 2 Lebrilla, Carlito B. 2 Horn, Joanne M. 1 Coffee, Keith R. 1 Srivastava, Abneesh 1 Pillai, Segaran P. 3 Shih, Meng-Ta Peter 3 Hall, Howard L. 1 Ramponi, Albert J. 1 Chang, John T. 1 Langlois, Richard G. 1 Estacio, Pedro L. 1 Hadley, Robert T. 1 Frank, Matthias 1 Gard, Eric E. 1; Email Address: gard2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 96515.  3: Florida Department of Health, State Public Health Laboratory--Miami Miami Florida 33125.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 2, p373; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: BACILLUS (Bacteria); Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: GRAM-positive bacteria; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Mao, X. L.
AU  - Mao, S. S.
AU  - Zeng, X.
AU  - Greif, R.
AU  - Russo, R. E.
T1  - Nanosecond and Femtosecond Laser Ablation of Brass: Particulate and ICPMS Measurements.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 383
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Femtosecond and nanosecond lasers were compared for ablating brass alloys. All operating parameters from both lasers were equal except for the pulse duration. The ablated aerosol vapor was collected on silicon substrates for particle size measurements or sent into an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The diameters and size distribution of particulates were measured from scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the collected ablated aerosol. SEM measurements showed that particles ablated using nanosecond pulses were single spherical entities ranging in diameter from several micrometers to several hundred nanometers. Primary particles ablated using femtosecond ablation were ∼100 nm in diameter but formed large agglomerates. ICPMS showed enhanced signal intensity and stability using femtosecond compared to nanosecond laser ablation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - FEMTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
N1  - Accession Number: 12198472; Liu, C. 1 Mao, X. L. 1 Mao, S. S. 1 Zeng, X. 1 Greif, R. 1 Russo, R. E. 1; Email Address: rerusso@lbl.gov.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 2, p379; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: FEMTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berkel, Gary J. Van
AU  - Liave, Jonathan J.
AU  - Apadoca, Marilyn F. De
AU  - Ford, Michael J.
T1  - Rotation Planar Chromatography Coupled On-Line with Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 479
EP  - 482
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The coupling of a rotation planar preparative thin-layer chromatography system on-line with mass spectrometry is demonstrated using a simple plumbing scheme and a sell-aspirating heated nebulizer probe of a corona discharge atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source. The self-aspiration of the heated nebulizer delivers ∼20 μL/mm of the 3.0 mL/min eluate stream to the mass spectrometer, eliminating the need for an external pump in the system. The viability of the coupling is demonstrated with a three-dye mixture composed of fat red 7B, solvent green 3, and solvent blue 35 separated and eluted from a silica gel-coated rotor using toluene. The real-time characterization of the dyes eluting from the rotor is illustrated in positive ion full-scan mode. Other self- aspirating ion source systems including atmospheric pressure photoionization, electrospray ionization, and inductively coupled plasma ionization, for example, might be configured and used in a similar manner coupled to the chromatograph to expand the types of analytes that could be ionized, detected, and characterized effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - PHASE partition
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 12198487; Berkel, Gary J. Van 1; Email Address: vanberkelgj@ornl.gov. Liave, Jonathan J. 1 Apadoca, Marilyn F. De 1 Ford, Michael J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 2, p479; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PHASE partition; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Difilippo, Felix C.
T1  - Neutronics and thermal effects of graphite foams in the performance of nuclear energy systems
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 03064549
AB  - Procedures to produce light graphite foam (∼0.5 g/cm3) that exhibits heat conductivities similar to full density graphite have been developed at ORNL. The consequent substantial reduction in the thermal inertia might have a significant impact in standard designs of graphite system and it could make possible new concepts. We discuss two possible applications: (a) a modular, zero burnup reactivity swing, reactor and (b) the pebble bed accelerator-driven transmutator. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Nuclear Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Graphite
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Heat conduction
N1  - Accession Number: 11255498; Difilippo, Felix C. 1; Email Address: difilippofc@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6363, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p135; Subject Term: Graphite; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Heat conduction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0306-4549(03)00217-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Talamo, Alberto
AU  - Gudowski, Waclaw
AU  - Venneri, Francesco
T1  - The burnup capabilities of the Deep Burn Modular Helium Reactor analyzed by the Monte Carlo Continuous Energy Code MCB
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
SN  - 03064549
AB  - We have investigated the waste actinide burnup capabilities of a Gas Turbine Modular Helium Reactor (GT-MHR, similar to the reactor being designed by General Atomics and Minatom for surplus weapons plutonium destruction) with the Monte Carlo Continuous Energy Burnup Code MCB, an extension of MCNP developed at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm and University of Mining and Metallurgy in Krakow. The GT-MHR is a gas-cooled, graphite-moderated reactor, which can be powered with a wide variety of fuels, like thorium, uranium or plutonium. In the present work, the GT-MHR is fueled with the transuranic actinides contained in Light Water Reactors (LWRs) spent fuel for the purpose of destroying them as completely as possible with minimum reliance on multiple reprocessing steps. After uranium extraction from the LWR spent fuel (UREX), the remaining waste actinides, including plutonium are partitioned into two distinct types of fuel for use in the GT-MHR: Driver Fuel (DF) and Transmutation Fuel (TF). The DF supplies the neutrons to maintain the fission chain reaction, whereas the TF emphasizes neutron capture to induce a deep burn transmutation and provide reactivity control by a negative feedback. When used in this mode, the GT-MHR is called Deep Burn Modular Helium Reactor (DB-MHR). Both fuels are contained in a structure of triple isotropic coated layers, TRISO coating, which has been proven to retain fission products up to 1600 °C and is expected to remain intact for hundreds of thousands of years after irradiation. Other benefits of this reactor consist of: a well-developed technology, both for the graphite-moderated core and the TRISO structure, a high energy conversion efficiency (about 50%), well established passive safety mechanism and a competitive cost. The destruction of more than 94% of 239Pu and the other geologically problematic actinide species makes this reactor a valid proposal for the reduction of nuclear waste and the prevention of proliferation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Nuclear Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Helium
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Neutron sources
N1  - Accession Number: 11255501; Talamo, Alberto 1; Email Address: alby@neutron.kth.se; Gudowski, Waclaw; Email Address: wacek@neutron.kth.se; Venneri, Francesco 2; Email Address: venneri@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Nuclear and Reactor Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p173; Thesaurus Term: Actinide elements; Thesaurus Term: Helium; Thesaurus Term: Plutonium; Subject Term: Neutron sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0306-4549(03)00213-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trelenberg, T.W.
AU  - Dinh, L.N.
AU  - Saw, C.K.
AU  - Stuart, B.C.
AU  - Balooch, M.
T1  - Femtosecond pulsed laser ablation of GaAs
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 221
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 364
SN  - 01694332
AB  - The properties of femtosecond-pulsed laser deposited GaAs nanoclusters were investigated. Nanoclusters of GaAs were produced by laser ablating a single crystal GaAs target in vacuum or in a buffer gas using a Ti–sapphire laser with a 150 fs minimum pulse length. For in-vacuum deposition, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the average cluster size was approximately 7 nm for laser pulse lengths between 150 fs and 25 ps. The average cluster size dropped to approximately 1.5 nm at a pulse length of 500 ps. It was also observed that film thickness decreased with increasing laser pulse length. A reflective coating, which accumulated on the laser admission window during ablation, reduced the amount of laser energy reaching the target for subsequent laser shots and developed more rapidly at longer pulse lengths. This observation indicates that non-stoichiometric (metallic) ablatants were produced more readily at longer pulse lengths. The angular distribution of ejected material about the target normal was well fitted to a bi-cosine distribution of <F> cos 47 θ+ cos 4 θ</F> for ablation in vacuum using 150 fs pulses. XPS and AES revealed that the vacuum-deposited films contained excess amorphous Ga or As in addition to the stoichiometric GaAs nanocrystals seen with XRD. However, films containing only the GaAs nanocrystals were produced when ablation was carried out in the presence of a buffer gas with a pressure in excess of 6.67 Pa. At buffer gas pressure on the order of 1 Torr, it was found that the stoichiometry of the ablated target was also preserved. These experiments indicate that both laser pulse length and buffer gas pressure play important roles in the formation of multi-element nanocrystals by laser ablation. The effects of gas pressure on the target’s morphology and the size of the GaAs nanocrystals formed will also be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - 81.07.-b
KW  - Ablation
KW  - Femtosecond
KW  - GaAs
KW  - Gallium arsenide
KW  - Laser
N1  - Accession Number: 11607512; Trelenberg, T.W.; Email Address: trelenberg1@llnl.gov Dinh, L.N. 1 Saw, C.K. 1 Stuart, B.C. 1 Balooch, M.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808 Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 221 Issue 1-4, p364; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.07.-b; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Femtosecond; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium arsenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00937-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuller, Mark E.
AU  - Manning Jr., John F.
T1  - Microbiological changes during bioremediation of explosives-contaminated soils in laboratory and pilot-scale bioslurry reactors
JO  - Bioresource Technology
JF  - Bioresource Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 91
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 09608524
AB  - Changes in the microbial community during bioremediation of explosives-contaminated soil in a molasses-fed bioslurry process were examined. Upon addition of molasses to laboratory-scale reactors, total culturable heterotrophs increased rapidly by three to four orders of magnitude. However, heat-shocked heterotrophs and the percentage of gram-positive bacterial isolates did not increase until the soluble concentrations of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TNB) began to decrease. The number of identified phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and the total PLFA concentration also exhibited an immediate increase in response to molasses addition, while the concentration of branched PLFA, indicative of the gram-positive population, remained low until soluble TNT and TNB concentrations had significantly decreased. This same general relationship between explosives degradation and gram-positive-specific PLFA was observed during an experiment with a large field-scale bioslurry lagoon reactor. These results indicate that the gram-positive organisms, which have been shown to be severely impacted by even low concentrations of TNT and TNB [Current Microbiol. 35 (1997) 77; Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 (1998) 2185], are able to increase in concentrations after explosives compounds are reduced to non-inhibitory levels, and should therefore be able to reestablish themselves in remediated soils. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bioresource Technology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Slurry
KW  - Explosives
KW  - Heterotrophic bacteria
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Explosive
KW  - Fatty acid analysis
KW  - Microbial ecology
KW  - TNB
KW  - TNT
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Trinitrotoluene
N1  - Accession Number: 11206597; Fuller, Mark E.; Email Address: mark.fuller@shawgrp.com; Manning Jr., John F. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 91 Issue 2, p123; Thesaurus Term: Bioremediation; Thesaurus Term: Slurry; Subject Term: Explosives; Subject Term: Heterotrophic bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biodegradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatty acid analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbial ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: TNB; Author-Supplied Keyword: TNT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trinitrotoluene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00180-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schell, Daniel J.
AU  - Riley, Cynthia J.
AU  - Dowe, Nancy
AU  - Farmer, Jody
AU  - Ibsen, Kelly N.
AU  - Ruth, Mark F.
AU  - Toon, Susan T.
AU  - Lumpkin, Robert E.
T1  - A bioethanol process development unit: initial operating experiences and results with a corn fiber feedstock
JO  - Bioresource Technology
JF  - Bioresource Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 91
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
SN  - 09608524
AB  - Interest in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks for use as an alternative fuel is increasing, but near-term commercialization will require a low cost feedstock. One such feedstock, corn fiber, was tested in the US Department of Energy (DOE)/National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) bioethanol pilot plant for the purpose of testing integrated equipment operation and generating performance data. During initial runs in 1995, the plant was operated for two runs lasting 10 and 15 days each and utilized unit operations for feedstock handling, pretreatment by dilute sulfuric-acid hydrolysis, yeast inoculum production, and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using a commercially available cellulase enzyme. Although significant operational problems were encountered, as would be expected with the startup of any new plant, operating experience was gained and preliminary data were generated on corn fiber pretreatment and subsequent fermentation of the pretreated material. Bacterial contamination was a significant problem during these fermentations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bioresource Technology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Lignocellulose
KW  - Feedstock
KW  - United States
KW  - Cellulase
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Contamination
KW  - Corn fiber
KW  - Dilute-acid hydrolysis
KW  - Ethanol
KW  - Fermentation
KW  - Pilot plant
KW  - Pretreatment
N1  - Accession Number: 11206606; Schell, Daniel J. 1; Email Address: dan_schell@nrel.gov; Riley, Cynthia J. 1; Dowe, Nancy 1; Farmer, Jody 1; Ibsen, Kelly N. 1; Ruth, Mark F. 1; Toon, Susan T. 1; Lumpkin, Robert E. 2; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), National Bioenergy Center, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 2: SWAN Biomass Co. 17W755 Butterfield Rd, Oak Brook Terrace, IL 60181, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 91 Issue 2, p179; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Thesaurus Term: Lignocellulose; Thesaurus Term: Feedstock; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corn fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dilute-acid hydrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pilot plant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pretreatment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00167-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grubor, Nenad M.
AU  - Shinar, Ruth
AU  - Jankowiak, Ryszard
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
AU  - Small, Gerald J.
T1  - Novel biosensor chip for simultaneous detection of DNA-carcinogen adducts with low-temperature fluorescence
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
SN  - 09565663
AB  - A monoclonal antibody (MAb)–gold biosensor chip with low-temperature laser-induced fluorescence detection for analysis of DNA-carcinogen adducts is described. Optimization of the detection limit, dynamic range, and biosensing applicability of the MAb–gold biosensor chip was achieved by: (1) using dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate (DSP)) as a protein linker and (2) employing recombinant protein A to provide oriented immobilization of the MAbs. The use of DSP, which has a short methylene chain length, led to faster protein binding kinetics and higher protein surface density than a longer dithiobis(succinimidyl undecanoate) (DSU) linker. The incorporation of recombinant protein A increased the distance between the oriented MAb-bound analytes and the gold surface. The increased distance minimized fluorescence quenching, resulting in about a 10-fold increase in the fluorescence signal in comparison with a chip without protein A. The improved chip architecture was used to demonstrate that biosensing of two structurally similar benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-derived DNA adducts, BP-6-N7Gua and BP-diolepoxide-10-N2dG, bound to two specific MAbs immobilized from a mixture at the same address on the chip, is feasible. These mutagenic adducts are formed by one-electron oxidation and monooxygenation pathways, and are depurinating and stable DNA adducts, respectively. It is shown that the DNA adducts can be easily identified at the same address using time-resolved, low-temperature laser-based fluorescence spectroscopy. The current limit of detection is in the low femtomole range. These results indicate that a single biosensor chip consisting of a Au/DSP/protein A/MAb nanoassembly, with analyte-specific MAbs and low-temperature fluorescence detection should be suitable for simultaneous detection and quantitation of the above adducts, as well as the luminescent antigens for which selective MAbs exist. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - DNA
KW  - CARCINOGENESIS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - (benzo[a]pyren-6-yl)guanine (BP-6-N7Gua)
KW  - 7R,8S,9S-trihydroxy-10S-(N2deoxyguanosyl-3′-phosphate)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (anti-trans-BPDEdG)
KW  - benzo[a]pyrene (BP)
KW  - benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide (BPDE)
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - deoxyguanosine (dG)
KW  - dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) (DSP)
KW  - dithiobis(succinimidyl undecanoate) (DSU)
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Fluorescence detection
KW  - Fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy
KW  - fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy (FLNS)
KW  - guanine (Gua)
KW  - immunoassay (IA)
KW  - infrared reflection spectroscopy (IRS)
KW  - monoclonal antibodies (MAbs)
KW  - octadecanethiol (ODT)
KW  - spontaneously-adsorbed monolayer (SAM)
N1  - Accession Number: 12641880; Grubor, Nenad M. 1 Shinar, Ruth 2,3 Jankowiak, Ryszard 1; Email Address: jankowiak@ameslab.gov Porter, Marc D. 1,3 Small, Gerald J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory—USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Microanalytical Instrumentation Center, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p547; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: CARCINOGENESIS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: (benzo[a]pyren-6-yl)guanine (BP-6-N7Gua); Author-Supplied Keyword: 7R,8S,9S-trihydroxy-10S-(N2deoxyguanosyl-3′-phosphate)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (anti-trans-BPDEdG); Author-Supplied Keyword: benzo[a]pyrene (BP); Author-Supplied Keyword: benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide (BPDE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: deoxyguanosine (dG); Author-Supplied Keyword: dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) (DSP); Author-Supplied Keyword: dithiobis(succinimidyl undecanoate) (DSU); Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA adducts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy (FLNS); Author-Supplied Keyword: guanine (Gua); Author-Supplied Keyword: immunoassay (IA); Author-Supplied Keyword: infrared reflection spectroscopy (IRS); Author-Supplied Keyword: monoclonal antibodies (MAbs); Author-Supplied Keyword: octadecanethiol (ODT); Author-Supplied Keyword: spontaneously-adsorbed monolayer (SAM); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0956-5663(03)00274-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anghel, Marian
T1  - On the effective dimension and dynamic complexity of earthquake faults
JO  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
JF  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 09600779
AB  - We measure the effective dimensionality of a driven, dissipative fault model as its dynamics explore a wide parameter range from a crack like model to a dislocation model. The dynamics of each fault model are probed by recording (a) the first and second order moments of the stresses and slips defined in the fault plane, and (b) the surface deformations that indirectly reflect the brittle processes of the fault and which are observable by InSAR and GPS techniques. In order to study the asymptotic attractors of the model we identify the coherent structures (dominant modes) present in the surface deformation fields and project the model dynamics onto the principal directions defined by these coherent structures. The projection is based on the Karhunen–Loe&grave;ve procedure for the determination of an optimal set of basis functions based on second order statistics. We estimate the effective dimensionality of the dynamics by computing the number of modes needed to capture a certain fraction of the statistical variation of the surface deformation fields. We detect a sharp transition in the number of effective degrees of freedom as we vary the dynamic weakening toward larger and dynamically more significant values. This transition is also associated with a separation of the dynamics in slow and fast degrees of freedom and with the presence of multiple length and time scales in the dynamics. This conclusion is also supported by direct dimension estimates using the correlation dimension. We finally compute the significance of evidence for nonlinearity using the method of surrogate data on the correlation dimension statistics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos, Solitons & Fractals is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FAULT zones
KW  - BRITTLENESS
KW  - EARTH sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 10435202; Anghel, Marian 1; Email Address: manghel@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Modeling, Algorithms and Informatics Group, Computer and Computational Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS B256, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p399; Subject Term: FAULT zones; Subject Term: BRITTLENESS; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)00052-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takahashi, Kenji
AU  - Ohgami, Shintaro
AU  - Koyama, Yasushi
AU  - Sawamura, Sadashi
AU  - Marin, Timothy W.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
AU  - Jonah, Charles D.
T1  - Reaction rates of the hydrated electron with N2O in high temperature water and potential surface of the N2O− anion
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 383
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The reaction rate of hydrated electrons, (e−)aq, with N2O can be fitted with an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence up to 300 °C with an activation energy of 15.5 kJ/mol. At higher temperatures, the rate constant decreases to give a local minimum at 380 °C. Ab initio calculations of the N2O− anion suggest a possible dissociation path of N2O− in water. The calculated free energies for electron transfer suggest the (e−)aq reaction with N2O should fall on the ‘normal’ part of the Marcus parabola, and for this reason the reaction is not diffusion limited. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - ANIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11731985; Takahashi, Kenji 1; Email Address: ktkenji@t.kanazawa-u.ac.jp Ohgami, Shintaro 1 Koyama, Yasushi 1 Sawamura, Sadashi 1 Marin, Timothy W. 2 Bartels, David M. 2; Email Address: bartels@anl.gov Jonah, Charles D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 383 Issue 5/6, p445; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: ANIONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.11.050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crowell, Robert A.
AU  - Lian, Rui
AU  - Sauer Jr., Myran C.
AU  - Oulianov, Dmitri A.
AU  - Shkrob, Ilya A.
T1  - Geminate recombination of hydroxyl radicals generated in 200 nm photodissociation of aqueous hydrogen peroxide
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 383
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The picosecond dynamics of hydroxyl radicals generated in 200 nm photoinduced dissociation of aqueous hydrogen peroxide have been observed through their transient absorbance at 266 nm. It is shown that these kinetics are nearly exponential, with a decay time of ca. 30 ps. The prompt quantum yield for the decomposition of H2O2 is 0.56, and the fraction of hydroxyl radicals escaping from the solvent cage to the water bulk is 64–68%. These recombination kinetics suggest strong caging of the geminate hydroxyl radicals by water. Phenomenologically, these kinetics may be rationalized in terms of the diffusion of hydroxide radicals out of a shallow potential well (a solvent cage) with an Onsager radius of 0.24 nm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - HYDROGEN peroxide
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - PHENOMENOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 11731991; Crowell, Robert A. 1 Lian, Rui 1 Sauer Jr., Myran C. 1 Oulianov, Dmitri A. 1 Shkrob, Ilya A.; Email Address: shkrob@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 383 Issue 5/6, p481; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: HYDROGEN peroxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: PHENOMENOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.11.062
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Jason C.
AU  - Sveum, Niels E.
AU  - Neumark, Daniel M.
T1  - Determination of absolute photoionization cross sections for isomers of C3H5: allyl and 2-propenyl radicals
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 383
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The photoionization (PI) cross sections of allyl and 2-propenyl radicals to form C3H5+ were measured using tunable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) synchrotron radiation coupled with photofragment translational spectroscopy. At 10 eV, the cross sections were found to be 6.2 ± 1.2 and 5.1 ± 1.0 Mb, respectively. Using these values, the PI efficiency curves for each radical were placed on an absolute scale from 7.75 to 10.75 eV. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11732013; Robinson, Jason C. 1,2 Sveum, Niels E. 1,2 Neumark, Daniel M. 1,2; Email Address: dan@radon.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 383 Issue 5/6, p601; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.11.075
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, J.S.
AU  - Pilaftsis, A.
AU  - Carena, M.
AU  - Choi, S.Y.
AU  - Drees, M.
AU  - Ellis, J.
AU  - Wagner, C.E.M.
T1  - CPsuperH: a computational tool for Higgs phenomenology in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with explicit CP violation
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 156
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We provide a detailed description of the Fortran code CPsuperH, a newly-developed computational package that calculates the mass spectrum and decay widths of the neutral and charged Higgs bosons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with explicit CP violation. The program is based on recent renormalization-group-improved diagrammatic calculations that include dominant higher-order logarithmic and threshold corrections, <f>b</f>-quark Yukawa-coupling resummation effects and Higgs-boson pole-mass shifts. The code CPsuperH is self-contained (with all subroutines included), is easy and fast to run, and is organized to allow further theoretical developments to be easily implemented.1<fn id="fn001"><no>1</no>The program may be obtained from http://theory.ph.man.ac.uk/~jslee/CPsuperH.html.</fn> The fact that the masses and couplings of the charged and neutral Higgs bosons are computed at a similar high-precision level makes it an attractive tool for Tevatron, LHC and LC studies, also in the CP-conserving case.: Program summaryTitle of program: CPsuperHCatalogue number: ADSRProgram summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADSRProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen''s University of Belfast, N. IrelandComputer for which the program is designed and others on which it is operable: PC running under Linux and computers in Unix environmentProgramming Language used: Fortran77High-speed storage required: NoNo. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 49 729Distribution format: tar gzip fileNo. of lines in combined program and test case: 7417Separate documentation available: The program and the paper may be obtainable from http://theory.ph.man.ac.uk/~jslee/CPsuperH.htmlKeywords: Higgs bosons, supersymmetry, CPNature of physical problem: The mass spectrum, decay widths and branching ratios of the neutral and charged Higgs bosons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with explicit CP violation are calculated. The program is based on recent renormalization-group-improved diagrammatic calculations that include dominant higher-order logarithmic and threshold corrections, <f>b</f>-quark Yukawa-coupling resummation effects and Higgs-boson pole-mass shifts. The couplings of the Higgs bosons to the Standard Model gauge bosons and fermions, to their supersymmetric partners and all the trilinear and quartic Higgs-boson self-couplings are also calculated.Method of solution: One-dimensional numerical integration for the Higgs-decay modes involving more than one massive gauge boson, iterative treatment of the threshold corrections, and the numerical diagonalization of the neutralino mass matrix.Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: Only the dominant leading-order QCD corrections which remain unaffected by CP violation have been included in this version.Typical running time: Less than 0.1 sUnusual features of the program: NoReferences: No [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
N1  - Accession Number: 11884483; Lee, J.S. 1; Email Address: jslee@a35.ph.man.ac.uk Pilaftsis, A. 1 Carena, M. 2 Choi, S.Y. 3 Drees, M. 4 Ellis, J. 5 Wagner, C.E.M. 6,7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK  2: Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Physics Department, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561-756, South Korea  4: Physik Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany  5: Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  6: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  7: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 156 Issue 3, p283; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00463-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duchovic, Ronald J.
AU  - Volobuev, Yuri L.
AU  - Lynch, Gillian C.
AU  - Truhlar, Donald G.
AU  - Allison, Thomas C.
AU  - Wagner, Albert F.
AU  - Garrett, Bruce C.
AU  - Corchado, Jose C.
T1  - A correction to the POTLIB Library described in “POTLIB 2001: A potential energy surface library for chemical systems”: [Comput. Phys. Comm. 144 (2002) 169–187]
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 156
IS  - 3
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 319
SN  - 00104655
AB  - : Program summaryProgram Title: POTLIB 2001, version 1.0Catalogue identifier: ADPJProgram summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADPJProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen''s University of Belfast, N. Ireland [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
N1  - Accession Number: 11884485; Duchovic, Ronald J. 1; Email Address: duchovic@hilbert.ipfw.edu Volobuev, Yuri L. 2 Lynch, Gillian C. 2 Truhlar, Donald G. 2 Allison, Thomas C. 3 Wagner, Albert F. 4 Garrett, Bruce C. 5 Corchado, Jose C. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN 46805-1499, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA  3: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8381, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8381, USA  4: Theoretical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 90352, USA  6: Department de Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 156 Issue 3, p319; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00434-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Burrell, A.K.
AU  - Campbell, W.M.
AU  - Officer, D.L.
AU  - Too, C.O.
AU  - Wallace, G.G.
T1  - Photoelectrochemical cells based on a novel porphyrin containing light harvesting conducting copolymer
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
SN  - 00134686
AB  - A copolymer of anti-5,15-bis([2′,2″:5″,2″′-terthiophene]-3″-yl)-2,8,12,18-tetra-n-butyl-3,7,13,17-tetramethylporphyrin (<B>1</B>) with 2,2′:5′2″-terthiophene (<B>2</B>) was successfully electrosynthesised and was then characterised by cyclic voltammetry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, four-point probe conductivity measurement, and scanning electron microscopy. This novel light harvesting conducting copolymer was then incorporated into photoelectrochemical cells using a liquid electrolyte and tested for photovoltaic responses. The effect of zinc incorporation into the porphyrin cavity was also investigated, and the best device generated an open circuit voltage of 185 mV, short circuit current of 881 μA cm−2 with a fill factor of 0.36 and energy conversion efficiency of 0.12% under a halogen white light intensity of 500 W m−2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - Conducting polymer
KW  - Light harvester
KW  - Photovoltaics
KW  - Porphyrin
KW  - Terthiophenes
N1  - Accession Number: 11464841; Chen, J. 1 Burrell, A.K. 2 Campbell, W.M. 3 Officer, D.L. 3 Too, C.O. 1 Wallace, G.G. 1; Email Address: g.wallace@uow.edu.au; Affiliation:  1: Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia  2: Actinide, Catalysis and Separations Chemistry, C-SIC, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Nanomaterials Research Centre, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p329; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conducting polymer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light harvester; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porphyrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terthiophenes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2003.08.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wakeham, Stuart G.
AU  - Forrest, James
AU  - Masiello, Caroline A.
AU  - Gélinas, Yves
AU  - Alexander, Clark R.
AU  - Leavitt, Peter R.
T1  - Hydrocarbons in Lake Washington Sediments. A 25-Year Retrospective in an Urban Lake.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 439
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and stable and radiocarbon isotope distributions are compared for dated cores from the 1970s and 2000 for a 25-year retrospective in Lake Washington, Seattle, WA (USA). Contamination of Lake Washington sediments by petrogenic aliphatic hydrocarbons and pyrolytic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via atmospheric deposition and stormwater runoff peaked between the 1950s and 1970s and has since decreased as stormwater inputs have been reduced. Radiocarbon signatures (Δ[sup14]C, %[subo]) of total organic carbon decrease (increased "age") in the depth interval of highest hydrocarbon concentration. Graphitic black carbon in the year 2000 core showed a historical profile similar to that of the PAH; however high background sediments deposited before the founding of Seattle indicates a considerable nonindustrial component derived from weathering in the watershed. Unlike hydrocarbon contamination, input of terrestrial organic matter (tracked by long-chain fatty alcohols) has increased throughout the late 20th century, documenting a shift in pollutant sources away from hydrocarbons and toward anthropogenic erosion of the region's soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Sedimentation & deposition
KW  - Weathering
KW  - Carbon isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 12224112; Wakeham, Stuart G. 1; Email Address: stuart@skio.peachnet.edu; Forrest, James 1; Masiello, Caroline A. 2; Gélinas, Yves 3; Alexander, Clark R. 1; Leavitt, Peter R. 4; Affiliations: 1: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, Georgia 31411.; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.; 3: University of Washington, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 1455, de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montreal, West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1M8.; 4: University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada.; Issue Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p431; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Sedimentation & deposition; Thesaurus Term: Weathering; Subject Term: Carbon isotopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Istok, J. D.
AU  - Senko, J. M.
AU  - Krumholz, L. R.
AU  - Watson, D.
AU  - Bogle, M. A.
AU  - Peacock, A.
AU  - Chang, Y.-J.
AU  - White, D. C.
T1  - In Situ Bioreduction of Technetium and Uranium iii a Nitrate-Contaminated Aquifer.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 468
EP  - 475
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The potential to stimulate an indigenous microbial community to reduce a mixture of U(Vl) and Tc(VlI) in the presence of high (12D mM) initial NO[sub3]sup-] co-contamination was evaluated in a shallow unconfined aquifer using a series of single-well, push-pull tests. In the absence of added electron donor, NO[sub3][sup-], Tc(Vll), and U(Vl) reduction was not detectable. However, in the presence of added ethanol, glucose, or acetate to serve as electron donor, rapid NO[sub3][sup-] utilization was observed. The accumulation of NO[sub2][sup-], the absence of detectable NH[sub4][sup+] accumulation, and the production of N[sub2]O during in situ acetylene-block experiments suggest that NO[sub3][sup-] was being consumed via denitrification. Tc(Vll) reduction occurred concurrently with NO[sub3][sup-] reduction, but U(Vl) reduction was not observed until two or more donor additions resulted in iron-reducing conditions, as detected by the production of Fe(ll). Reoxidation/ remobilization of U(lV) was also observed in tests conducted with high (∼120 mM) but not low (∼1 mM) initial NO[sub3][sup-] concentrations and not during acetylene-block experiments conducted with high initial NO[sub3][sup-]. These results suggest that NO[sub3][sup-]-dependent microbial U(IV) oxidation may inhibit or reverse U(Vl) reduction and decrease the stability of U(IV) in this environment Changes in viable biomass, community composition, metabolic status, and respiratory state of organisms harvested from down-well microbial samplers deployed during these tests were consistent with the conclusions that electron donor additions resulted in microbial growth, the creation of anaerobic conditions, and an increase in activity of metal-reducing organisms (e.g., Geobacter. The results demonstrate that it is possible to stimulate the simultaneous bioreduction of U(Vl) and Tc(Vll) mixtures commonly found with NO[sub3][sup-] co-contamination at radioactive waste sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Microbial growth
KW  - Acetylene
KW  - Denitrification
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 12224116; Istok, J. D. 1; Email Address: Jack.Istok@orst.edu; Senko, J. M. 2; Krumholz, L. R. 3; Watson, D. 3; Bogle, M. A. 4; Peacock, A. 4; Chang, Y.-J. 4; White, D. C. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331.; 2: Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019.; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; 4: Center for Biomarker Analysis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932.; Issue Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 2, p468; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Microbial growth; Thesaurus Term: Acetylene; Thesaurus Term: Denitrification; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Subject Term: Electrons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gulbis, Jacqueline M.
AU  - Kazmirski, Steven L.
AU  - Finkelstein, Jeffm
AU  - Kelman, Zvi
AU  - O′Donnell, Mike
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Crystal structure of the chi:psi subassembly of the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase clamp-loader complex.
JO  - European Journal of Biochemistry
JF  - European Journal of Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 271
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 449
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00142956
AB  - The chi (χ) and psi (ψ) subunits of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III form a heterodimer that is associated with the ATP-dependent clamp-loader machinery. In E. coli, the χ:ψ heterodimer serves as a bridge between the clamp-loader complex and the single-stranded DNA-binding protein. We determined the crystal structure of the χ:ψ heterodimer at 2.1 Å resolution. Although neither χ (147 residues) nor ψ (137 residues) bind to nucleotides, the fold of each protein is similar to the folds of mononucleotide-(χ) or dinucleotide-(ψ) binding proteins, without marked similarity to the structures of the clamp-loader subunits. Genes encoding χ and ψ proteins are found to be readily identifiable in several bacterial genomes and sequence alignments showed that residues at the χ:ψ interface are highly conserved in both proteins, suggesting that the heterodimeric interaction is of functional significance. The conservation of surface-exposed residues is restricted to the interfacial region and to just two other regions in the χ:ψ complex. One of the conserved regions was found to be located on χ, distal to the ψ interaction region, and we identified this as the binding site for a C-terminal segment of the single-stranded DNA-binding protein. The other region of sequence conservation is localized to an N-terminal segment of ψ (26 residues) that is disordered in the crystal structure. We speculate that ψ is linked to the clamp-loader complex by this flexible, but conserved, N-terminal segment, and that the χ:ψ unit is linked to the single-stranded DNA-binding protein via the distal surface of χ. The base of the clamp-loader complex has an open C-shaped structure, and the shape of the χ:ψ complex is suggestive of a loose docking within the crevice formed by the open faces of the δ and δ′ subunits of the clamp-loader. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Biochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - clamp loader
KW  - dna replication
KW  - processivity
N1  - Accession Number: 11873859; Gulbis, Jacqueline M. 1 Kazmirski, Steven L. 2,3 Finkelstein, Jeffm 4 Kelman, Zvi 4 O′Donnell, Mike 4 Kuriyan, John 2,3; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics  2: Laboratory of DNA Replication, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, USA  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, USA  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 271 Issue 2, p439; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: clamp loader; Author-Supplied Keyword: dna replication; Author-Supplied Keyword: processivity; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03944.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennedy, Ann R.
AU  - Ware, Jeffrey H.
AU  - Guan, Jun
AU  - Donahue, Jeremiah J.
AU  - Biaglow, John E.
AU  - Zhou, Zhaozong
AU  - Stewart, Jelena
AU  - Vazquez, Marcelo
AU  - Wan, X. Steven
T1  - SELENOMETHIONINE PROTECTS AGAINST ADVERSE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS INDUCED BY SPACE RADIATION
JO  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
JF  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
SN  - 08915849
AB  - Ionizing radiation-induced adverse biological effects impose serious challenges to astronauts during extended space travel. Of particular concern is the radiation from highly energetic, heavy, charged particles known as HZE particles. The objective of the present study was to characterize HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects and evaluate the effect of d-selenomethionine (SeM) on the HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects. The results showed that HZE particle radiation can increase oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and cell transformation in vitro, and decrease the total antioxidant status in irradiated Sprague–Dawley rats. These adverse biological effects were all preventable by treatment with SeM, suggesting that SeM is potentially useful as a countermeasure against space radiation-induced adverse effects. Treatment with SeM was shown to enhance ATR and CHK2 gene expression in cultured human thyroid epithelial cells. As ionizing radiation is known to result in DNA damage and both ATR and CHK2 gene products are involved in DNA damage, it is possible that SeM may prevent HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects by enhancing the DNA repair machinery in irradiated cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Free Radical Biology & Medicine is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHIONINE
KW  - HEAVY particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - OXIDATIVE stress
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - 2′7′-dichlorofluorescein (DCF)
KW  - 2′7′-dichlorofluorescein acetate (DCFH-DA)
KW  - 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (HTCA)
KW  - Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS)
KW  - an ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and Rad3-related gene (ATR)
KW  - Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)
KW  - Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)
KW  - ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)
KW  - HZE particles
KW  - linear energy transfer (LET)
KW  - one of the checkpoint effector kinase genes termed Chk2 (CHK2)
KW  - Oxidative stress
KW  - particle-highly energetic heavy charged particle (HZE)
KW  - polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
KW  - Selenomethionine
KW  - selenomethionine (SeM)
N1  - Accession Number: 12044034; Kennedy, Ann R. 1; Email Address: akennedy@mail.med.upenn.edu Ware, Jeffrey H. 1 Guan, Jun 1 Donahue, Jeremiah J. 1 Biaglow, John E. 1 Zhou, Zhaozong 1 Stewart, Jelena 1 Vazquez, Marcelo 2 Wan, X. Steven 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 195 John Morgan Building, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 36 Issue 2, p259; Subject Term: METHIONINE; Subject Term: HEAVY particles (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: OXIDATIVE stress; Subject Term: DNA damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2′7′-dichlorofluorescein (DCF); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2′7′-dichlorofluorescein acetate (DCFH-DA); Author-Supplied Keyword: 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (HTCA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS); Author-Supplied Keyword: an ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and Rad3-related gene (ATR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Free radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH); Author-Supplied Keyword: HZE particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear energy transfer (LET); Author-Supplied Keyword: one of the checkpoint effector kinase genes termed Chk2 (CHK2); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle-highly energetic heavy charged particle (HZE); Author-Supplied Keyword: polymerase chain reaction (PCR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Selenomethionine; Author-Supplied Keyword: selenomethionine (SeM); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2003.10.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fyodorov, Dmitry V.
AU  - Blower, Michael D.
AU  - Karpen, Gary H.
AU  - Kadonaga, James T.
T1  - Acf1 confers unique activities to ACF/CHRAC and promotes the formation rather than disruption of chromatin in vivo.
JO  - Genes & Development
JF  - Genes & Development
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
EP  - 183
SN  - 08909369
AB  - Chromatin assembly is required for the duplication of chromosomes. ACF (ATP-utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling factor) catalyzes the ATP-dependent assembly of periodic nucleosome arrays in vitro, and consists of Acf1 and the ISWI ATPase. Acf1 and ISWI are also subunits of CHRAC (chromatin accessibility complex), whose biochemical activities are similar to those of ACF. Here we investigate the in vivo function of the Acf1 subunit of ACF/CHRAC in Drosophila. Although most Acf1 null animals die during the larval-pupal transition, Acf1 is not absolutely required for viability. The loss of Acf1 results in a decrease in the periodicity of nucleosome arrays as well as a shorter nucleosomal repeat length in bulk chromatin in embryos. Biochemical experiments with Acf1-deficient embryo extracts further indicate that ACF/CHRAC is a major chromatin assembly factor in Drosophila. The phenotypes of flies lacking Acf1 suggest that ACF/CHRAC promotes the formation of repressive chromatin. The acf1 gene is involved in the establishment and/or maintenance of transcriptional silencing in pericentric heterochromatin and in the chromatin-dependent repression by Polycomb group genes. Moreover, cells in animals lacking Acf1 exhibit an acceleration of progression through S phase, which is consistent with a decrease in chromatin-niediated repression of DNA replication. In addition, acf1 genetically interacts with nap1, which encodes the NAP-1 nucleosome assembly protein. These findings collectively indicate that ACF/CHRAC functions in the assembly of periodic nucleosome arrays that contribute to the repression of genetic activity in the eukaryotic nucleus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genes & Development is the property of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOME replication
KW  - CHROMATIN
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphatase
KW  - DROSOPHILA -- Genetics
KW  - GENES
KW  - ACF
KW  - cell cycle
KW  - CHRAC
KW  - chromatin assembly
KW  - ISWI
KW  - position-effect variegation
N1  - Accession Number: 12816787; Fyodorov, Dmitry V. 1,2 Blower, Michael D. 3,4 Karpen, Gary H. 3,5 Kadonaga, James T. 1; Email Address: jkadonaga@ucsd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Section of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA  2: Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA  3: Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA  4: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 01/15/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p170; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME replication; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphatase; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA -- Genetics; Subject Term: GENES; Author-Supplied Keyword: ACF; Author-Supplied Keyword: cell cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: CHRAC; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromatin assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISWI; Author-Supplied Keyword: position-effect variegation; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1101/gad.1139604
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ridley, Moira K.
AU  - Machesky, Michael L.
AU  - Wesolowski, David J.
AU  - Palmer, Donald A.
T1  - Modeling the surface complexation of calcium at the rutile-water interface to 250°C
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The adsorption behavior of metal-(hydr)oxide surfaces can be described and rationalized using a variety of surface complexation models. However, these models do not uniquely describe experimental data unless some additional insight into actual binding mechanisms for a given system is available. This paper presents the results of applying the MUlti SIte Complexation or MUSIC model, coupled with a Stern-based three layer description of the electric double layer, to Ca2+ adsorption data on rutile surfaces from 25 to 250°C in 0.03 and 0.30 m NaCl background electrolyte. Model results reveal that the tetradentate adsorption configuration found for Sr2+ adsorbed on the rutile (110) surface in the in situ X-ray standing wave experiments of  provides a good fit to all Ca2+ adsorption data. Furthermore, it is also shown that equally good fits result from other plausible adsorption complexes, including various monodentate and bidentate adsorption configurations. These results amply demonstrate the utility of in situ spectroscopic data to constrain surface complexation modeling, and the ability of the MUSIC model approach to accommodate this spectroscopic information. Moreover, this is the first use of any surface complexation model to describe multivalent ion adsorption systematically into the hydrothermal regime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
N1  - Accession Number: 11881636; Ridley, Moira K. 1; Email Address: moira.ridley@ttu.edu Machesky, Michael L. 2 Wesolowski, David J. 3 Palmer, Donald A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Texas Tech University, Department of Geosciences, P.O. Box 41053, Lubbock, TX 79409-1053, USA  2: Illinois State Water Survey, 2204 Griffith Drive, Champaign, IL 61820-7495, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6110, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 68 Issue 2, p239; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00420-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rehder, Gregor
AU  - Kirby, Stephen H.
AU  - Durham, William B.
AU  - Stern, Laura A.
AU  - Peltzer, Edward T.
AU  - Pinkston, John
AU  - Brewer, Peter G.
T1  - Dissolution rates of pure methane hydrate and carbon-dioxide hydrate in undersaturated seawater at 1000-m depth
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 00167037
AB  - To help constrain models involving the chemical stability and lifetime of gas clathrate hydrates exposed at the seafloor, dissolution rates of pure methane and carbon-dioxide hydrates were measured directly on the seafloor within the nominal pressure-temperature (P/T) range of the gas hydrate stability zone. Other natural boundary conditions included variable flow velocity and undersaturation of seawater with respect to the hydrate-forming species. Four cylindrical test specimens of pure, polycrystalline CH4 and CO2 hydrate were grown and fully compacted in the laboratory, then transferred by pressure vessel to the seafloor (1028 m depth), exposed to the deep ocean environment, and monitored for 27 hours using time-lapse and HDTV cameras. Video analysis showed diameter reductions at rates between 0.94 and 1.20 μm/s and between 9.0 and 10.6 · 10−2 μm/s for the CO2 and CH4 hydrates, respectively, corresponding to dissolution rates of 4.15 ± 0.5 mmol CO2/m2s and 0.37 ± 0.03 mmol CH4/m2s. The ratio of the dissolution rates fits a diffusive boundary layer model that incorporates relative gas solubilities appropriate to the field site, which implies that the kinetics of the dissolution of both hydrates is diffusion-controlled. The observed dissolution of several mm (CH4) or tens of mm (CO2) of hydrate from the sample surfaces per day has major implications for estimating the longevity of natural gas hydrate outcrops as well as for the possible roles of CO2 hydrates in marine carbon sequestration strategies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANE
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 11881639; Rehder, Gregor 1; Email Address: grehder@geomar.de Kirby, Stephen H. 2 Durham, William B. 3 Stern, Laura A. 2 Peltzer, Edward T. 1 Pinkston, John 2 Brewer, Peter G.; Affiliation:  1: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039-0628, USA  2: U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 68 Issue 2, p285; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: CARBON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.07.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11881639&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myers, S. M.
AU  - Seager, C. H.
T1  - Hydrogen isotope exchange and the surface barrier in p-type gallium nitride.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 520
EP  - 527
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to examine the replacement of one H isotope by another within p-type, Mg-doped GaN during heating in H[sub 2] gas at 700 °C. A central objective was further mechanistic understanding of the surface-barrier effect that has previously been shown to limit H release during postgrowth thermal activation of H-passivated Mg acceptors. Ambient [sup 1]H[sub 2] or [sup 2]H[sub 2] was found to accelerate the removal of the other isotope by orders of magnitude, consistent with recombinative desorption of H[sub 2] being rate limiting. The results agree closely with a predictive model describing the interrelated behaviors of H within the semiconductor and on the surface. The saturation concentration of H decreased during the heat treatments, presumably indicating a reduction in the effective level of p-type doping, which is provisionally ascribed to compensation by N vacancies. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR junctions
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - FOURIER transform optics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11794347; Myers, S. M. 1 Seager, C. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1056; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p520; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR junctions; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: FOURIER transform optics; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11794347&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Wei
AU  - Joly, Alan G.
AU  - Malm, Jan-Olle
AU  - Bovin, Jan-Olov
T1  - Upconversion luminescence of Eu[sup 3+] and Mn[sup 2+] in ZnS:Mn[sup 2+], Eu[sup 3+] codoped nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
EP  - 672
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Strong upconversion luminescence of both Mn[sup 2+] and Eu[sup 3+] is observed in ZnS:Mn[sup 2+], Eu[sup 3+] codoped nanoparticles. Laser power dependencies and spectroscopic data show that the upconversion emission is due to two-photon excitation of each specific dopant ion. The relative differences in two-photon excitation cross section result in different relative intensities for the Eu[sup 3+] and Mn[sup 2+] upconversion at different wavelengths. Spectroscopic data and luminescence lifetime data indicate no evidence of energy transfer between the Mn[sup 2+] and Eu[sup 3+] ions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11794322; Chen, Wei 1 Joly, Alan G. 2 Malm, Jan-Olle 3 Bovin, Jan-Olov 3; Affiliation:  1: Nomadics, Inc., 1024 South Innovation Way, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352  3: Materials Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p667; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633345
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11794322&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liang-shi Li, K.
AU  - Marjanska, Malgorzata
AU  - Park, Gregory H. J.
AU  - Pines, Alexander
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
T1  - Isotropic-liquid crystalline phase diagram of a CdSe nanorod solution.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1149
EP  - 1152
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report the isotropic-liquid crystalline phase diagram of 3.0 nm×60 nm CdSe nanorods dispersed in anhydrous cyclohexane. The coexistence concentrations of both phases are found to be lower and the biphasic region wider than the results predicted by the hard rod model, indicating that the attractive interaction between the nanorods may be important in the formation of the liquid crystalline phase in this system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMER liquid crystals
KW  - LIQUID crystals
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - PHASE rule & equilibrium
N1  - Accession Number: 11941915; Liang-shi Li, K. 1,2 Marjanska, Malgorzata 1,2 Park, Gregory H. J. 1,2 Pines, Alexander 1,2 Alivisatos, A. Paul 1,2; Email Address: alivis@uclink4.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 3, p1149; Subject Term: POLYMER liquid crystals; Subject Term: LIQUID crystals; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: PHASE rule & equilibrium; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640331
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11941915&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Medvedev, Dmitry M.
AU  - Gray, Stephen K.
AU  - Goldfield, Evelyn M.
AU  - Lakin, Matthew J.
AU  - Troya, Diego
AU  - Schatz, George C.
T1  - Quantum wave packet and quasiclassical trajectory studies of OH+CO: Influence of the reactant channel well on thermal rate constants.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1231
EP  - 1238
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We study the OH+CO→H+CO[sub 2] reaction with both six-dimensional quantum wave packets (QM) and quasiclassical trajectories (QCT), determining reaction probabilities and thermal rate constants (or coefficients), and studying the influence of the reactant channel hydrogen-bonded complex well on the reaction dynamics. The calculations use the recently developed Lakin–Troya–Schatz–Harding (LTSH) ground electronic state potential energy surface, along with a modified surface developed for this study (mod-LTSH), in which the reactant channel well is removed. Our results show that there can be significant differences between the QM and QCT descriptions of the reaction for ground-state reactants and for energies important to the thermal rate constants. Zero-point energy violation plays an important role in the QCT results, and as a result, the QCT reaction probability (for ground-state reactants and zero impact parameter) is much higher than its QM counterpart at moderate to low reagent translational energies. The influence of the reactant channel well in the QCT results is to enhance reactivity at moderate energies and to suppress reactivity at the very lowest collision energies. The QM results also show the enhancement at moderate energies but, while the very lowest translational energies cannot be adequately converged, they do not indicate any tendency toward suppression as energy is reduced. QCT calculations for excited rotational states of the reactants show that the suppression of reactivity associated with the reactant channel well is less important when the reactants are rotating, and as a result, the influence of the reactant channel well on the thermal rate coefficients is relatively small, being important below 200 K. Our results indicate that there still remain important discrepancies between experiment and theory in this low temperature regime and that further improvements of the potential are needed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE packets
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - MOLECULAR association
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11941901; Medvedev, Dmitry M. 1 Gray, Stephen K. 1; Email Address: gray@anchim.chm.anl.gov Goldfield, Evelyn M. 2 Lakin, Matthew J. 3 Troya, Diego 3 Schatz, George C. 3; Email Address: schatz@chem.northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202.  3: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 3, p1231; Subject Term: WAVE packets; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1632901
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11941901&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daschbach, John L.
AU  - Peden, Brandon M.
AU  - Smith, R. Scott
AU  - Kay, Bruce D.
T1  - Adsorption, desorption, and clustering of H[sub 2]O on Pt(111).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1516
EP  - 1523
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The adsorption, desorption, and clustering behavior of H[sub 2]O on Pt(111) has been investigated by specular He scattering. The data show that water adsorbed on a clean Pt(111) surface undergoes a structural transition from a random distribution to clustered islands near 60 K. The initial helium scattering cross sections as a function of temperature are found to be insensitive to the incident H[sub 2]O flux over a range of 0.005 monolayers (ML)/s–0.55 ML/s indicating that the clustering process is more complex than simple surface diffusion. The coarsening process of an initially random distribution of water deposited at 25 K is found to occur over a broad temperature range, 60<T<140 K, during thermal annealing. The desorption kinetics for submonolayer water are determined to be zero order for surface coverages greater than 0.05 ML and temperatures between 145 and 172 K. The zero-order desorption kinetics are consistent with a two-dimensional two-phase coexistence between a high-density H[sub 2]O condensed phase (islands) and a low-density two-dimensional gaslike phase on the Pt surface. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - ELECTRON-stimulated desorption
KW  - AGGLOMERATION (Materials)
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11941871; Daschbach, John L. 1 Peden, Brandon M. 1 Smith, R. Scott 1 Kay, Bruce D. 1; Email Address: Bruce.Kay@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mail Stop, K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 3, p1516; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: ELECTRON-stimulated desorption; Subject Term: AGGLOMERATION (Materials); Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633752
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11941871&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phifer, Carol C.
AU  - Thomes Jr, William J.
AU  - Simmons-Potter, Kelly
AU  - Potter Jr., B. G.
T1  - Vacuum-ultraviolet spectroscopy of poly(methylphenylsilylene).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1613
EP  - 1616
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The first vacuum-ultraviolet spectrum of a polysilylene (chain-type polysilane) with aromatic substituents is presented. Assignments of the absorption bands of the model compound poly(methylphenylsilylene) are based on previous experimental data and theoretical electronic band structure calculations for poly(alkylsilylenes) and on ultraviolet spectra of phenyl-containing monomers and polymers. Although aryl orbitals mix with the σ-conjugated orbitals located along the catenated silicon backbone, some transitions are largely localized on the phenyl groups. These assignments elucidate the nature of the bonding in polysilylenes and should be useful in understanding photodegradation mechanisms and in the design of related new optical materials. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHENYL compounds
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET spectra
KW  - OPTICAL materials
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - MOLECULAR association
N1  - Accession Number: 11941861; Phifer, Carol C. 1 Thomes Jr, William J. 1 Simmons-Potter, Kelly 2 Potter Jr., B. G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  2: University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 3, p1613; Subject Term: PHENYL compounds; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET spectra; Subject Term: OPTICAL materials; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633252
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11941861&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Yoo, S.
AU  - Zeng, X. C.
AU  - Morris, James R.
T1  - The melting lines of model silicon calculated from coexisting solid–liquid phases.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1654
EP  - 1656
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The molecular-dynamics simulation approach [Morris and Song, J. Chem. Phys. 116, 9352 (2002)] is employed to calculate the melting lines for two model systems of silicon: the Stillinger–Weber (SW) model and the Tersoff-89 model. To address the anisotropic stress problem indicated in the previous paper, a slightly improved simulation procedure is used to prepare the coexisting solid and liquid phases at the thermodynamic equilibrium. For the SW silicon, the calculated melting temperature T[sub m] at zero pressure agrees with that based on the free-energy calculation [Broughton and Li, Phys. Rev. B 35, 9120 (1987)]. The dependence of T[sub m] at zero pressure on the selected solid surface orientation is also examined. The relative difference between T[sub m] calculated based on the sharp Si (111)/liquid interface and the faceted Si (100)/liquid interface is less than 1%. Both models predict that the melting line exhibits a negative slope, which is consistent with the fact that the molar volume of the solid is larger than that of liquid upon melting. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - SOLID-liquid interfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 11941856; Yoo, S. 1 Zeng, X. C. 1 Morris, James R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588.  2: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 3, p1654; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: SOLID-liquid interfaces; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633754
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11941856&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coltrin, Michael E.
AU  - Mitchell, Christine C.
T1  - Scaling relationships for analyzing kinetics in GaN epitaxial lateral overgrowth
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 261
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
SN  - 00220248
AB  - In the epitaxial lateral overgrowth of GaN, mass transport and the effects of crystal-growth kinetics lead to a wide range of observed feature growth rates depending on the dimensions of the masked and exposed regions. Based on a simple model, scaling relationships are derived that reveal the dynamic similarity of growth behavior across pattern designs. A time-like quantity is introduced that takes into account the varying transport effects, and provides a dimensionless time basis for analyzing crystal growth kinetics in this system. Illustrations of these scaling relationships are given through comparison with experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - A1. Transport
KW  - A2. Epitaxial lateral overgrowth
KW  - A2. Selective area growth
KW  - B1. Gallium nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 11607534; Coltrin, Michael E.; Email Address: mecoltr@sandia.gov Mitchell, Christine C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, 1126, MS 0601, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 261 Issue 1, p30; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Epitaxial lateral overgrowth; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Selective area growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Gallium nitride; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.09.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, M.C.
AU  - Jorgenson, R.J.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Bourret-Courchesne, E.
T1  - Growth and characterization of InxGa1−xN MQW using a novel method of temperature gradient OMVPE
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 261
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Composition-graded InxGa1−xN Multiple Quantum Wells were deposited on single wafers using a novel growth technique called temperature gradient Organometallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy. A large temperature gradient, 710–785°C, was imposed on 2″ sapphire substrates while growing seven period InxGa1−xN Multiple Quantum Well structures. Photoluminescence results show that high quality films, with variations in emission peak from 2.3 to 3.0 eV as a function of position, can be deposited on a single wafer. Photo-modulated transmission was used to determine band-edge optical transition as a means to obtain indium concentration as a function of position. Atomic Force Microscopy was used to image the morphology and relate indium concentrations to film microstructure and optical quality. This is a novel technique that uses a temperature gradient during Organometallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy for depositing variable emission wavelength devices on single wafers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - A1. Atomic Force Microscopy
KW  - A1. Optical Spectroscopy
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - A3. Multiple quantum well
KW  - B1. InGaN/GaN
KW  - B1. Nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 11607536; Johnson, M.C. 1; Email Address: mcjohnson@lbl.gov Jorgenson, R.J. 2 Wu, J. 1 Shan, W. 1 Bourret-Courchesne, E. 1; Email Address: edbourret@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 2R0200, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Oriol Inc., 3390 Viso Court, Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 261 Issue 1, p44; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Atomic Force Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Optical Spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Multiple quantum well; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. InGaN/GaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Nitrides; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.09.020
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alicea, Jason
AU  - Hershfield, Selman
T1  - Resistance of multilayers with long length scale interfacial roughness
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 268
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 388
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The resistance of multilayers with interface roughness on a length scale which is large compared to the atomic spacing is computed in several cases via the Boltzmann equation. When the electronic mean free paths are small compared to the layer thicknesses, the current flow is non-uniform, and the resistance decreases in the current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) configuration and increases in the current-in-plane (CIP) configuration. For mean free paths much longer than the layer thicknesses, the current flow is uniform, and the resistance increases in both the CPP and CIP configurations due to enhanced surface scattering. In both the CPP and CIP geometries, the giant magnetoresistance can be either enhanced or reduced by the presence of long length scale interface roughness depending on the parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - Interfacial roughness
KW  - Magnetic multilayers
KW  - Magnetoresistance, giant
N1  - Accession Number: 11392725; Alicea, Jason; Email Address: aliceaj@physics.ucsb.edu Hershfield, Selman 1; Email Address: selman@phys.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8440, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 268 Issue 3, p388; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance, giant; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00552-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gunter, Thomas E.
AU  - Miller, Lisa M.
AU  - Gavin, Claire E.
AU  - Eliseev, Roman
AU  - Salter, Jason
AU  - Buntinas, Linas
AU  - Alexandrov, Andrei
AU  - Hammond, Sean
AU  - Gunter, Karlene K.
T1  - Determination of the oxidation states of manganese in brain, liver, and heart mitochondria.
JO  - Journal of Neurochemistry
JF  - Journal of Neurochemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 88
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 266
EP  - 280
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00223042
AB  - Excess brain manganese can produce toxicity with symptoms that resemble those of Parkinsonism and causes that remain elusive. Manganese accumulates in mitochondria, a major source of superoxide, which can oxidize Mn2+ to the powerful oxidizing agent Mn3+. Oxidation of important cell components by Mn3+ has been suggested as a cause of the toxic effects of manganese. Determining the oxidation states of intramitochondrial manganese could help to identify the dominant mechanism of manganese toxicity. Using X-ray absorbance near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, we have characterized the oxidation state of manganese in mitochondria isolated from brain, liver, and heart over concentrations ranging from physiological to pathological. Results showed that (i) spectra from different model manganese complexes of the same oxidation state were similar to each other and different from those of other oxidation states and that the position of the absorption edge increases with oxidation state; (ii) spectra from intramitochondrial manganese in isolated brain, heart and liver mitochondria were virtually identical; and (iii) under these conditions intramitochondrial manganese exists primarily as a combination of Mn2+ complexes. No evidence for Mn3+ was detected in samples containing more than endogenous manganese levels, even after incubation under conditions promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. While the presence of Mn3+ complexes cannot be proven in the spectrum of endogenous mitochondrial manganese, the shape of this spectrum could suggest the presence of Mn3+ near the limit of detection, probably as MnSOD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neurochemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPEROXIDES
KW  - PARKINSON'S disease
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ACTIVE oxygen
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - LIVER
KW  - HEART
KW  - manganese oxidation states, manganese toxic-
N1  - Accession Number: 11762545; Gunter, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: thomas_gunter@urmc.rochester.edu Miller, Lisa M. 2 Gavin, Claire E. 3 Eliseev, Roman 1 Salter, Jason 1 Buntinas, Linas 1 Alexandrov, Andrei 1 Hammond, Sean 1 Gunter, Karlene K. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA  2: National Syncrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA  3: Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA; Source Info: 1/15/2004, Vol. 88 Issue 2, p266; Subject Term: SUPEROXIDES; Subject Term: PARKINSON'S disease; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ACTIVE oxygen; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: LIVER; Subject Term: HEART; Author-Supplied Keyword: manganese oxidation states, manganese toxic-; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02122.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cockeram, B.V.
AU  - Hollenbeck, J.L.
AU  - Snead, L.L.
T1  - The change in tensile properties of wrought LCAC molybdenum irradiated with neutrons
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 324
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 89
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Molybdenum alloys are known to be most susceptible to neutron radiation damage at radiation temperatures <800 °C, a condition which has limited their broader use in nuclear applications. Manipulation of alloy microstructure through the optimization of carbon and oxygen contents, and mechanical working were investigated as means to mitigate the undesirable effects of irradiation. Low carbon arc cast (LCAC) molybdenum sheet specimens were irradiated in the high flux isotope reactor (HFIR) at temperatures ranging from 270 to 1100 °C and at neutron fluences between 10.5 and 64.4 × 1024 n/m2 (<f>E>0.1</f> MeV). Irradiation of LCAC molybdenum at nominal temperatures of 935–1100 °C produced only moderate changes in tensile strength, tensile elongation, and no change in the ductile to brittle transition temperature (DBTT) as inferred from tensile fracture surfaces. Irradiation of LCAC molybdenum at either 270 or 605 °C resulted in a significant increase in yield strength, a decrease in tensile elongation, and an increase in DBTT. This behavior is characteristic of that reported for pure molybdenum following irradiation at temperatures <800 °C. The use of arc-cast processing, a low oxygen content, and high carbon to oxygen ratio to produce the LCAC molybdenum used in this work results in strong grain boundaries that are not the preferred fracture path. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 22238389; Cockeram, B.V. 1; Email Address: cockeram@bettis.gov Hollenbeck, J.L. 1 Snead, L.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory, Bechtel-Bettis, Inc., P.O. Box 79, West Mifflin, PA 15122-0079, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 324 Issue 2/3, p77; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.05.001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robbins, Jack L.
T1  - Mechanical properties of delta-stabilized Pu–1.0 wt% Ga alloys
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 324
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 133
SN  - 00223115
AB  - This overview paper summarizes how temperature, strain rate, purity, prior fabrication history and prior thermal history affect mechanical properties of delta-stabilized Pu–1.0 wt% Ga alloys (hereafter referred to as delta). The efficacy of comparing torsion and tensile data using the Von Mises criteria (distortion energy theory of yielding) is clearly shown by numerous examples. Delta also follows the Hall–Petch relationship. A reasonably self-consistent set of mechanical properties, i.e., hardness, strength, ductility, creep, and fatigue, are presented; these data (and other information) were used by Los Alamos to benchmark a new constitutive model for delta. The agreement with mechanical property data of other FCC metals is extremely good. Further work in the area of dynamic restoration processes at elevated temperature is suggested. The fairly new high-quality TEM work on delta continues to be another rich area for further research, especially as related to looking at aging effects in delta. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 22238393; Robbins, Jack L. 1; Email Address: jackr@fone.net; Affiliation:  1: Defense Technologies Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-125, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 324 Issue 2/3, p125; Subject Term: METALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.09.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saha
AU  - B.
AU  - Koshino
AU  - N.
AU  - Espenson
AU  - J. H.
T1  - N-Hydroxyphthalimides and Metal Cocatalysts for the Autoxidation of p-Xylene to Terephthalic Acid.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 431
SN  - 10895639
AB  - N-Hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) and its derivatives, such as 3-F-NHPI, 4-Me-NHPI, N-acetoxyphthalimide, and N,N-dihydroxypyromelitimide, were used as promoters with Co(OAc)2 catalyst for the autoxidation of p-xylene (pX) and other methyl arenes. All the promoters gave acceptable rates and yields of terephthalic acid. The initial reaction rates, measured by the rate of oxygen uptake, were analyzed by a rate equation in terms of [pX], [Co(II)], and [NHPI]. The metal cocatalysts Mn(II) and Ce(III) accelerated the reaction significantly at millimolar concentrations. The reaction occurs by a chain mechanism that involves formation of the phthalimide N-oxyl radical, PINO• (that is, R2NO•), which abstracts a hydrogen atom from the methyl group of p-xylene to form the carbon-centered radical ArCH2•. In a stepwise fashion, the sequence progresses through alcohol, aldehyde, and carboxylic acid; at each stage, C-H abstraction by PINO• is involved. A significant kinetic isotope effect on the overall oxidation of p-xylene was found, vi(H)/vi(D) = 3.4. The activity of the substituted NHPI promoters follows the order NHPI > 3-F-NHPI > 4-Me-NHPI, which can be interpreted in terms of kinetic stability of the corresponding PINO radical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ORGANIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 13010161; Saha B. 1 Koshino N. 1 Espenson J. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 3, p425; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Michael
AU  - J. V.
AU  - Su
AU  - M.-C.
AU  - Sutherland
AU  - J. W.
T1  - New Rate Constants for D + H2 and H + D2 Between ~1150 and 2100 K.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 432
EP  - 437
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The shock tube technique with D- and H-atom atomic resonance absorption spectrometric (ARAS) detection has been used to measure rate constants for two isotopic modifications of the most fundamental chemical reaction, H + H2 → H2 + H:  D + H2 → HD + H (1) and H + D2 → HD + D (2). Hydrogen atoms were produced from the thermal decomposition of either C2D5I or C2H5I. Ethyl iodide decomposition above ~1150 K is fast, and the product ethyl radicals decompose even faster, giving ethylene and hydrogen atoms. This clean source of atoms then allows for first-order analysis of both reactant and product hydrogen atoms for determining rate constants. The rate constant results can be described by the Arrhenius expressions k1 = 3.17 × 10-10 exp(-5207K/T) cm3 molecule-1 s-1, over the temperature range 1166-2112 K, and k2 = 2.67 × 10-10 exp(-5945K/T) cm3 molecule-1 s-1, over the temperature range 1132-2082 K. These new results are compared to earlier results and supply additional values for evaluating the rate behavior for both reactions over the very large temperature range ~200-2200 K. These evaluations are then compared to recent quantum mechanical scattering calculations of the thermal rate behavior that are based on a new and quite accurate potential energy surface (i.e., globally accurate to ~0.01 kcal mol-1). Within experimental error, there is now complete convergence between the experimental evaluation and the new theory, bringing to completion a 75-year effort in chemical kinetics and dynamics. This is the first completely solved problem in chemical kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 13010162; Michael J. V. 1 Su M.-C. 1 Sutherland J. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 3, p432; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Masunov
AU  - A.
AU  - Tretiak
AU  - S.
T1  - Prediction of Two-Photon Absorption Properties for Organic Chromophores Using Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 899
EP  - 907
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In this benchmark study, time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) is applied to calculate one- and two-photon absorption spectra (related to linear and third-order optical responses, respectively) in a series of large donor-acceptor substituted conjugated molecules. Calculated excitation energies corresponding to one- and two-photon-absorption maxima are found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. The evaluated two-photon-absorption cross sections agree with experimental data as well. We conclude that the TDDFT approach is a numerically efficient method for quantitative calculations of resonant nonlinear polarizabilities in large organic chromophores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - DATA analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13013496; Masunov A. 1 Tretiak S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 3, p899; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunbar
AU  - T. D.
AU  - Warren
AU  - W. L.
AU  - Tuttle
AU  - B. A.
AU  - Randall
AU  - C. A.
AU  - Tsur
AU  - Y.
T1  - Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Investigations of Lanthanide-Doped Barium Titanate:  Dopant Site Occupancy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 908
EP  - 917
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Air-fired barium titanate samples doped with cerium, neodymium, samarium, gadolinium, dysprosium, erbium, or ytterbium were examined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Reducing atmosphere-fired europium-doped barium titanate was also investigated with EPR. Each dopant was studied in both Ba- and Ti-rich (Ba/Ti = 1.01, 0.99) samples. Point charge calculations were used to predict the EPR spectrum of each lanthanide in A- and B-sites. Different EPR spectra are expected for A- versus B-site substitution when Ce3+, Sm3+, Dy3+, and Yb3+ are the dopants. The experimentally observed Ba/Ti doping behavior of Ce3+ in BaTiO3 suggests that as a 3+ cation it is on the A-site. No EPR active signal was observed for Sm3+ in BaTiO3. Eu2+ and Gd3+, as previously discussed in the literature, were found to be an A-site dopant and amphoteric, respectively. Dy3+ was found to be a B-site dopant with an EPR signal intensity suggesting amphoteric behavior, whereas Yb3+ showed only B-site occupancy. Nd3+ and Er3+ could not easily be assigned to a particular site by EPR methods alone. We also discuss the lanthanide dopant's effect on the observed levels of titanium vacancies, barium vacancies, and Mn2+ impurities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - BARIUM compounds
KW  - SAMARIUM
KW  - RARE earth metals
N1  - Accession Number: 13013497; Dunbar T. D. 1 Warren W. L. 1 Tuttle B. A. 1 Randall C. A. 1 Tsur Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Process Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 3, p908; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; Subject Term: SAMARIUM; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsiung, L.M.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Microstructures and properties of powder metallurgy TiAl alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 364
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The microstructures and properties of powder metallurgy (PM) TiAl alloys fabricated by hot-extrusion of gas-atomized powder at different temperatures (1150, 1250 and 1400 °C) have been investigated. Microstructure of the alloy fabricated at 1150 °C consists of fine grains of γ and α2 phases in association with coarse grains of B2 (ordered bcc) phase. Metastable ω particles of ordered hexagonal phase were observed within some B2 grains. This alloy (containing metastable B2 phase) displayed a low-temperature superplastic behavior, i.e. a tensile elongation of 310% was obtained when the alloy was tested at 800 °C under a strain rate of 2×10−5 s−1. Microstructure of the alloy fabricated at 1250 °C consists of coarse grains of α2 phase and fine grains of γ and α2 phases. This alloy (containing no B2 phase) on the other hand displayed no low-temperature superplasticity, as recorded from the alloy fabricated at 1150 °C. A refined fully lamellar (FL) microstructure was successfully developed within the alloys fabricated at 1400 °C. The widths of γ lamellae are in a range between 100 and 350 nm and the widths of α2 lamellae are in a range between 10 and 50 nm. Solute effects on the creep resistance of refined FL-TiAl alloy were critically investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Alloy
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Powder
N1  - Accession Number: 12308972; Hsiung, L.M.; Email Address: hsiung1@llnl.gov Nieh, T.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, L-352, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 364 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00639-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, Q.
AU  - Viswanathan, S.
T1  - The use of thermodynamic simulation for the selection of hypoeutectic aluminum–silicon alloys for semi-solid metal processing
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 364
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Currently, established hypoeutectic aluminum–silicon foundry alloys such as aluminum A356 and 357 alloys are also used for semi-solid metal (SSM) processing. Process inconsistencies arising from the use of these alloys are partly due to variations in the fraction solid due to temperature variations. Consequently, the process would be more robust if the alloys were tailored such that the fraction solid variation in the temperature range of operation was minimized. For this purpose, thermodynamic simulations have been carried out to determine the fraction solid and fraction solid variation of hypoeutectic aluminum–silicon alloys as a function of processing temperature, process temperature variation, and silicon and magnesium composition. The fraction solid variation is calculated over a composition range that includes A356 and 357 alloys, and alternate and more desirable fraction solids and alloy compositions that maximize the processing temperature window are suggested for SSM processing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Aluminum alloy
KW  - Semi-solid metals
KW  - Solidification
KW  - Thermodynamic simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 12308977; Han, Q. 1; Email Address: v6q@ornl.gov Viswanathan, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6083, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1134, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 364 Issue 1/2, p48; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-solid metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamic simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.06.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12308977&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
AU  - Deevi, S.C.
T1  - Processing and mechanical properties of iron aluminide composites containing oxide particles
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 364
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
SN  - 09215093
AB  - FeAl/ZrO2 and FeAl/Al2O3 particulate composites are difficult to process by liquid phase sintering because of thermodynamic instability and lack of wetting, respectively. Wetting in the FeAl/Al2O3 system is dramatically improved by partially replacing Al2O3 with TiC particles, although significant residual porosity remains. When the residual porosity is removed by hot forging, FeAl/TiC/Al2O3 composites exhibiting high strength and fracture toughness are obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM nitride
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - WETTING
KW  - Composite
KW  - Flexure strength
KW  - Fracture toughness
KW  - Intermetallic
KW  - Liquid phase sintering
KW  - Wetting
N1  - Accession Number: 12308991; Schneibel, J.H. 1; Email Address: schneibeljh@ornl.gov Deevi, S.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Research Center, Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated, Richmond, VA 23237, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 364 Issue 1/2, p166; Subject Term: ALUMINUM nitride; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: SINTERING; Subject Term: WETTING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flexure strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid phase sintering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12308991&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, Erdal
AU  - Hascicek, Yusuf. S.
T1  - Growth of Nd2O3 buffer layers on Ni tapes by reel-to-reel sol–gel process for YBCO coated conductors
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 106
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09215107
AB  - In this study, Nd2O3 buffer layers were deposited on textured Ni tapes using a reel-to-reel sol–gel process for YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) coated conductors. Depending on processing temperature, phase transformation in Nd2O3 thin films was investigated. An Nd based precursor solution was prepared using solvent, chelating agents and modifying liquid material. The amorphous gel films were dried at 300 °C for 30 s and then heat treated at 500 °C for 2 min in air in the reel-to-reel sol–gel set up with three-zones furnace. The calcined films were annealed at temperature range of 850 and 1150 °C for 10–30 min under two different atmospheres. It was found that cubic phase transformed to hexagonal structure up to 1000 °C. The textured films were grown onto the textured Ni tapes at 1150 °C for 10 min under 4% H2–Ar gas flow using modifying triethanol amin. ESEM images of Nd2O3 buffer layer showed crack-free, pinhole-free, dense and smooth microstructure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - COPPER
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Buffer layers
KW  - Nd2O3
KW  - Phase transformation
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - Texture
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 11466829; Celik, Erdal 1,2,3; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Hascicek, Yusuf. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, FSU, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, JFCC, 4-1 Mutsuno, 2-chome, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 106 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nd2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mseb.2003.07.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11466829&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Yaping
AU  - Maxey, Evan R.
AU  - Richardson Jr., James W.
AU  - Ma, Beihai
T1  - Structural and chemical evolution of Fe&z.sbnd;Co&z.sbnd;O based ceramics under reduction/oxidation—an in situ neutron diffraction study
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 106
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
SN  - 09215107
AB  - Air-sintered ceramic samples in composition CoO·nFe2O3 (<F>n=1</F> and 2) were prepared in solid-state reactions, resulting in a single spinel phase with composition CoFe2O4, and a two-phase mixture of identical spinel with α-Fe2O3 for <F>n=1</F> and 2, respectively. Their structural and chemical evolution over pO2 range of 10−0.9 to 10−19 atm was investigated using in situ neutron diffraction at isothermal condition (∼900 °C). Neutron diffraction data were analyzed through Rietveld refinements. The following sequences of structural transformation from α-Fe2O3 <F>hematite→(Fe,Co)</F>-<F>spinel→(Fe,Co)1−x</F>O <F>wustite→(Fe,Co)</F>O <F>rocksalt→γ</F>-<F>(Fe,Co)→α</F>-<F>(Fe,Co)→(γ-(Fe,Co))</F> were observed on the reduction of Fe&z.sbnd;Co&z.sbnd;O based ceramics. With the development of reduction at pO2 down to 10−15 atm, mixed valence (Fe2+ and Fe3+) spinel was first formed in Fe-excess (Fe, Co) spinel phases. The intermediate phases were usually Co-rich compared with their parent mixed oxide phases. Particularly, the initial metallic precipitate is Co-rich γ, independent of initial stoichiometry. Reduction kinetics at pO2 of ∼10−19 atm is extremely fast, but crystalline form and structural integrity are maintained. As crystal structures of the various involved phases are very similar, few structural blocks were disturbed as oxygen was released from the samples. In addition, re-oxidation behavior of reduced products was also studied, and phase composition and microstructure of post-neutron experiments were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SOLID state chemistry
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Cobalt oxide
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - Metals
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Phase transitions
N1  - Accession Number: 11466831; Li, Yaping 1 Maxey, Evan R. 1 Richardson Jr., James W. 1; Email Address: jwrichardson@anl.gov Ma, Beihai 2; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 106 Issue 1, p6; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SOLID state chemistry; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transitions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mseb.2003.07.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11466831&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, J.
T1  - A synthesis formulation of explicit damping matrix for non-classically damped systems
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 227
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 00295493
AB  - In computing the dynamic response of a connected system with multiple components having dissimilar damping characteristics, often referred to as non-classically damped system such as nuclear power plant piping systems supported by stiff structures, one needs to define the system-level damping based upon the damping information of components. This paper presents a general formulation for computing rigorous explicit damping matrices for multiply connected, non-classically damped, coupled systems. The algorithm derived was based on a synthesis process developed by Hurty [AIAA J. 3 (4) (1965)], in which three different kinds of damping were utilized to describe the energy dissipation of the system. It was also shown that the system damping developed by the synthesis approach could reduce to damping formulations available in the literature such as those of Gupta et al. [Seismic response of non-classically damped systems. Nucl. Eng. Design, vol. 91, 1986] and Pajuhesh et al. [Determination of composite damping matrices. In: Proceedings on Fifth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, vol. 1, 1973] when the same assumptions were applied for the interface connectivity. The method presented in this paper was used in developing the rigorous system matrices for the BNL solution to a set of benchmark problems analyzed in the NRC-BNL benchmark program for the evaluation of the state-of-the-art methods and computer programs for non-classically damped systems [Benchmark Program for the Evaluation of Methods to Analyze Non-Classically Damped Coupled Systems (2000)]. The details of the NRC-BNL benchmark program are presented in a companion paper [A NRC-BNL Benchmark Evaluation of Seismic Analysis Methods for Non-Classically Damped Coupled Systems (in press)]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DAMPING (Mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - PIPING
N1  - Accession Number: 11967246; Xu, J. 1; Email Address: xu@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Building 130, 32 Lewis Road, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 227 Issue 2, p125; Subject Term: DAMPING (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: PIPING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2003.08.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11967246&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes, T.
T1  - Exploring QCD: from LEAR to GSI
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 214
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - In this invited contribution I briefly review some of the principal topics in hadron spectroscopy that were studied at the CERN low-energy antiproton facility LEAR, from its beginnings in the early 1980s to the present. These topics include the nature of multiquark systems, the short-ranged nuclear force, and gluonic hadrons, including glueballs and hybrids. Lessons we have learned from the LEAR program that are relevant to the future GSI project are given particular emphasis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - QUARKONIUMS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - Antiproton
KW  - Exotics
KW  - Glueballs
KW  - Hybrids
KW  - QCD spectroscopy
KW  - Quarkonia
N1  - Accession Number: 11831167; Barnes, T. 1; Email Address: barnes@mail.phy.ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Building 6000, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 214 Issue 1-4, p44; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: QUARKONIUMS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: GLUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiproton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exotics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glueballs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrids; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCD spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quarkonia; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01759-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11831167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hailey, Charles J.
AU  - Craig, W.W.
AU  - Harrison, F.A.
AU  - Hong, J.
AU  - Mori, K.
AU  - Koglin, J.
AU  - Yu, H.T.
AU  - Ziock, K.P.
T1  - Development of the gaseous antiparticle spectrometer for space-based antimatter detection
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 214
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We report progress in developing a novel antimatter detection scheme. The gaseous antiparticle spectrometer (GAPS) identifies antimatter through the characteristic X-rays emitted by antimatter when it forms exotic atoms in gases. The approach provides large area and field of view, and excellent background rejection capability. If the GAPS concept is successfully demonstrated, then it would be an ideal candidate for space-based, indirect dark matter searches. GAPS can detect antideuterons produced in neutralino annihilations. A modest GAPS experiment can detect the neutralino for all minimal SUSY models in which the neutralino mass is in the ∼50–350 GeV mass range. Underground searches, by contrast, are only sensitive to about 1/2 the SUSY parameter space in this mass range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
KW  - Antimatter
KW  - Dark matter
KW  - Detector
N1  - Accession Number: 11831184; Hailey, Charles J. 1 Craig, W.W. 2 Harrison, F.A. 3 Hong, J. 4 Mori, K. 1 Koglin, J. 1 Yu, H.T. 1 Ziock, K.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, 550 W. 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  4: Harvard College Observatory, Harvard University, B-418, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 214 Issue 1-4, p122; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antimatter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.08.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11831184&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghosh, Arup K.
T1  - <f>V</f>–<f>I</f> transition and <f>n</f>-value of multifilamentary LTS and HTS wires and cables
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 401
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 21
SN  - 09214534
AB  - For low <f>Tc</f> multifilamentary conductors like NbTi and Nb3Sn, the <f>V</f>–<f>I</f> transition to the normal state is typically quantified by the parameter, <f>n</f>, defined by <f>(ρ/ρc)=(I/Ic)n</f>. For NbTi, this parameterization has been very useful in the development of high <f>Jc</f> wires, where the <f>n</f>-value is regarded as an index of the filament quality. In copper-matrix wires with undistorted filaments, the <f>n</f>-value at 5 T is ∼40–60, and drops monotonically with increasing field. However, <f>n</f> can vary significantly in conductors with higher resistivity matrices and those with a low copper fraction. Usually high <f>n</f>-values are associated with unstable resistive behavior and premature quenching. The <f>n</f>-value in NbTi Rutherford cables, when compared to that in the wires is useful in evaluating cabling degradation of the critical current due to compaction at the edges of the cable. In Nb3Sn wires, <f>n</f>-value has been a less useful tool, since often the resistive transition shows small voltages ∼ a few μV prior to quenching. However, in “well behaved” wires, <f>n</f> is ∼30–40 at 12 T and also shows a monotonic behavior with field. Strain induced <f>Ic</f> degradation in these wires is usually associated with lower <f>n</f>-values. For high <f>Tc</f> multifilamentary wires and tapes, a similar power law often describes the resistive transition. At 4.2 K, Bi-2223 tapes as well as Bi-2212 wires exhibit <f>n</f>-values ∼15–20. In either case, <f>n</f> does not change appreciably with field. Rutherford cables of Bi-2212 wire show lower values of <f>n</f> than the virgin wire. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - CABLES
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - <f>n</f>-value
KW  - Multi-filamentary-wires
KW  - Resistive transition
N1  - Accession Number: 22238516; Ghosh, Arup K. 1; Email Address: aghosh@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, 902-A, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 401 Issue 1-4, p15; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: CABLES; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>n</f>-value; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-filamentary-wires; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistive transition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332619 Other fabricated wire product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332618 Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.09.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22238516&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martovetsky, Nicolai N.
T1  - ITER Model Coil tests overview: Nb3Sn strand properties in cable-in-conduit conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 401
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 27
SN  - 09214534
AB  - During the ITER Model Coil program two large coils and three insert coils were built and tested. The test campaigns provided very valuable data on the cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) properties. The tests showed that the Nb3Sn strands in CICC behave differently than so-called witness strands, which underwent the same heat treatment. The paper describes volt–temperature characteristics (VTC) and volt–ampere characteristics (VAC) measured in the tests, presents comparisons with the witness strands, and interprets the test results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - <f>N</f>-value
KW  - Cable-in-conduit
KW  - Critical current
KW  - Niobium–tin
N1  - Accession Number: 22238517; Martovetsky, Nicolai N. 1; Email Address: martovetsky1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 401 Issue 1-4, p22; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>N</f>-value; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cable-in-conduit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium–tin; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.09.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22238517&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martovetsky, Nicolai N.
T1  - Stability and thermal equilibrium in cable-in-conduit conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 401
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 123
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The stability of modern superconductors depends not only on the cooling and the amount of copper in the cross section of the strands but also on the smoothness of the transition from the superconducting into the normal state. Frequently the latter factor is much more important than the cooling and the copper content. Superconductors with a broad transition are more stable and easier to control than the superconductors with a sharp transition, although the price for better stability might be somewhat lower operating current. The paper gives thermal equilibrium equations and stability criteria against small perturbations and determines the ultimate current that could be reached by a cable-in-conduit conductors depending on operating conditions. The effects of various factors (e.g., magnetic field profile, mass flow and smoothness of the transition to normal state) on the thermal equilibrium and ultimate current are studied and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - <f>N</f>-value
KW  - Cable-in-conduit
KW  - Critical current
KW  - Niobium–tin
N1  - Accession Number: 22238531; Martovetsky, Nicolai N. 1; Email Address: martovetsky1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 401 Issue 1-4, p118; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>N</f>-value; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cable-in-conduit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium–tin; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.09.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22238531&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pakvasa, Sandip
AU  - Suzuki, Mahiko
T1  - On the hidden charm state at 3872 MeV
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 579
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We discuss some puzzling aspects of the narrow hidden charm resonance that was recently discovered by the Belle Collaboration at mass 3872 MeV. In order to determine its quantum numbers, a crucial piece of information is the spin of the dipion in the decay final state <f>π+π−J/ψ</f>. We give the angular distributions and correlations of the final particles in the decay which will provide this information about the nature of this resonance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11731883; Pakvasa, Sandip 1; Email Address: pakvasa@phys.hawaii.edu Suzuki, Mahiko 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA  2: Department of Physics and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 579 Issue 1/2, p67; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11731883&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garcia, Angel E.
T1  - Characterization of non-alpha helical conformations in Ala peptides
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 669
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The folded (alpha helical) and unfolded (non-alpha helical) ensembles of the 21 amino acid peptide Ace-A21-Nme are characterized structurally. The replica exchange molecular dynamics approach is used to generate these ensembles at 46 different temperatures ranging from 278 to 487 K. Each replica system is simulated in explicit solvent for a period of 10 ns/replica, for a total of 460 ns. In addition to alpha helices, poly proline II (PPII) structures were identified to occur significantly. At low <f>T</f> the alpha helical content is larger than the PPII content, but near 300 K the PPII population is larger. Below 300 K, the PPII population increases with <f>T,</f> but it decreases above 300 K. The alpha helical content decreases with temperature. At temperatures below 300 K, there is a PPII propagation free energy that enhances the formation of long segments of PPII structure. This propagation term is smaller than for alpha helices. PPII segments of length 8 or less are more likely to form than alpha helices of the same length. The obtained low propensity for the formation of PPII segments of length shorter than five suggest that the interactions are responsible for the formation of PPII structures require a PPII segment of at least four amino acids. Stretches of four consecutive amino acids in the PPII conformations are needed for the formation of a groove around the peptide backbone that is strongly hydrated. Water in this groove is delocalized along a channel formed by the peptide in the PPII conformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - WATER
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - Alpha helices
KW  - amino acid
KW  - poly proline II
N1  - Accession Number: 11831002; Garcia, Angel E. 1; Email Address: angel@atlas.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, T10 MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p669; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha helices; Author-Supplied Keyword: amino acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: poly proline II; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2003.10.070
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11831002&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cao, Haibo
AU  - Ihm, Yungok
AU  - Wang, Cai-Zhuang
AU  - Morris, James R.
AU  - Su, Mehmet
AU  - Dobbs, Drena
AU  - Ho, Kai-Ming
T1  - Three-dimensional threading approach to protein structure recognition
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
SN  - 00323861
AB  - We describe a gapped structural threading method starting from aligning the query protein sequence to the dominant eigenvector of the structure contact-matrix. A mathematically straightforward iteration scheme provides a self-consistent optimum global sequence-structure alignment. The computational efficiency of this method makes it possible to search whole protein structure databases for structural homology without relying on sequence similarity. The sensitivity and specificity of this method are discussed, along with a case of blind test prediction. This method will provide a versatile tool for protein structure prediction and protein domain recognition complementary to existing tools that rely on sequence homology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
KW  - HOMOLOGY theory
KW  - Alignment
KW  - Protein structure
KW  - Threading
N1  - Accession Number: 11831004; Cao, Haibo 1 Ihm, Yungok 1 Wang, Cai-Zhuang 2 Morris, James R. 2 Su, Mehmet 1 Dobbs, Drena 3 Ho, Kai-Ming 1; Email Address: kmh@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Ames Laboratory-U.S. DOE., Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p687; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Threading; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2003.10.091
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11831004&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gramer, Christine J.
AU  - Raymond, Kenenth N.
AU  - Jarvinen, Gordon D.
AU  - Robison, Thomas W.
AU  - Schroeder, Norman C.
AU  - Smith, Barbara F.
T1  - The Removal of Pu(IV) from Aqueous Solution Using 2,3-Dihydroxyterephthalamide-Functionalized PEI with Polymer Filtration.
JO  - Separation Science & Technology
JF  - Separation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 339
SN  - 01496395
AB  - Polymer filtration (PF) uses a size-exclusion ultrafiltration membrane to retain higher molecular weight species while allowing the passage of smaller species through the membrane. Metal-ion separations from aqueous streams are accomplished with PF by using water-soluble chelating-polymers (WSCP), which are appropriately sized polymers that have covalently attached metal-binding ligands. In this study, a new WSCP was prepared by modifying polyethylenimine (PEI) through an amide linkage to attach 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalamide (TAM) groups that have high binding constants for high valent metal cations. The TAM ligand contains a dimethylethylenediamine side chain that was found to maintain polymer solubility throughout the working pH and ionic strength ranges studied. The new WSCP (designated PDT) showed selectivity for Pu(IV) over Am(III). For example, at pH 4.5, the distribution coefficient (D) was 1.6 × 103 for Am(III) (14% bound) and 1.3 × 106 for Pu(IV) (99.3% bound). The Pu(IV) D increased as a function of pH, and the highest D was 4.8 × 106 at pH 11.4, corresponding to 99.8% bound. Varying the PDT concentration from 0.1% to 0.001% had little effect on Pu(IV) D values. The high formation constant of the Pu(IV)-PDT complex appears to promote the oxidation of Pu(III) to Pu(IV), even in the presence of a high concentration of reductant, 0.25-M hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN). The same high formation constant allows the TAM-containing polymer to compete with plutonium polymer formation, as plutonium absorbed on the walls of a glass vessel dissolved after contacting it with PDT for 2 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Separation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILTERS & filtration
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - ULTRAFILTRATION
KW  - MEMBRANE filters
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - Catecholate ligands
KW  - Plutonium metal separations
KW  - Polymer filtration
KW  - Ultrafiltration
N1  - Accession Number: 12199217; Gramer, Christine J. 1 Raymond, Kenenth N. 1 Jarvinen, Gordon D. 2 Robison, Thomas W. 2 Schroeder, Norman C. 2; Email Address: nschroeder@lanl.gov Smith, Barbara F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p321; Subject Term: FILTERS & filtration; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: ULTRAFILTRATION; Subject Term: MEMBRANE filters; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: METAL ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catecholate ligands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium metal separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer filtration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafiltration; Number of Pages: 19p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SS-120027561
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12199217&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vidyasagar Reddy, Gantla
AU  - Jacobs, Hollie K.
AU  - Gopalan, Aravamudan S.
AU  - Barrans Jr., Richard E.
AU  - Dietz, Mark L.
AU  - Stepinski, Dominique C.
AU  - Herlinger, Albert W.
T1  - Synthesis of Symmetrical Methylenebis(Alkyl Hydrogen Phosphonates) by Selective Cleavage of Methylenebis(Dialkyl Phosphonates) with Morpholine.
JO  - Synthetic Communications
JF  - Synthetic Communications
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
EP  - 344
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00397911
AB  - The preparation of partial esters of methylenebisphosphonic acids has been of recent interest due to their potential therapeutic applications. This paper describes a convenient method to prepare symmetrical methylenebis(alkyl hydrogen phosphonates) by the selective cleavage of the corresponding methylenebis(dialkyl phosphonate) with refluxing morpholine. The effects of structural variations on the amine as well as the substrate have been investigated to understand the scope and limitations of this reaction. A superior approach to hindered bisphosphonic acid esters involves the cleavage of their dimethyl esters, 4, using morpholine. This method is also useful to access a number of C-alkyl dialkyl methylenebisphosphonic acids such as 6. This study clearly shows that cleavage with morpholine is convenient, inexpensive, and allows for the preparation of a variety of P,P′-disubstituted partial esters in good yields and high purity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Communications is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHONATES
KW  - ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry)
KW  - PHOSPHONIC acids
KW  - ORGANIC acids
KW  - ESTERS
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
KW  - Bisphosphonic acids
KW  - Bone disease
KW  - Metal ion extractants
N1  - Accession Number: 12021182; Vidyasagar Reddy, Gantla 1 Jacobs, Hollie K. 1 Gopalan, Aravamudan S. 1; Email Address: agopala@nmsu.edu Barrans Jr., Richard E. 2 Dietz, Mark L. 2 Stepinski, Dominique C. 3 Herlinger, Albert W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA  2: Chemistry Division, CHM 200, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA  3: Chemistry Department, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p331; Subject Term: PHOSPHONATES; Subject Term: ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry); Subject Term: PHOSPHONIC acids; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Subject Term: ESTERS; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bisphosphonic acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bone disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal ion extractants; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SCC-120027271
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12021182&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guziewicz, E.
AU  - Godlewski, M.
AU  - Kopalko, K.
AU  - Lusakowska, E.
AU  - Dynowska, E.
AU  - Guziewicz, M.
AU  - Godlewski, M.M.
AU  - Phillips, M.
T1  - Atomic layer deposition of thin films of ZnSe—structural and optical characterization
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 446
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Thin films of sphalerite-type ZnSe were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from elemental Zn and Se precursors. These films, grown on various substrates, show bright blue ‘edge’ emission accompanied by donor–acceptor pair emissions in the blue, green and red spectral regions. Red, green and blue emissions mixed together give a white color, with a color temperature between 2400 and 4500 K depending on a layer thickness and temperature. ZnSe grown by ALD is in consequence a promising material for the fabrication of semiconductor-based white light emitting thin film electroluminescence displays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CATHODOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - ZINC
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - Atomic layer deposition
KW  - Cathodoluminescence
KW  - Zinc selenide
N1  - Accession Number: 11731543; Guziewicz, E. 1,2; Email Address: ela@lanl.gov Godlewski, M. 1,3 Kopalko, K. 1 Lusakowska, E. 1 Dynowska, E. 1 Guziewicz, M. 4 Godlewski, M.M. 5 Phillips, M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  3: College of Science, Cardinal S. Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland  4: Institute of Electron Technology, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland  5: Department of Physiological Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw Agriculture University, Warsaw, Poland  6: Microstructural Analysis Unit, UTS, Sydney, Australia; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 446 Issue 2, p172; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: SELENIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic layer deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathodoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zinc selenide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.09.041
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11731543&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hershberger, J.
AU  - Ajayi, O.O.
AU  - Fenske, G.R.
T1  - Nondestructive characterization of surface chemical wear films via X-rays
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/01/15/
VL  - 446
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 248
SN  - 00406090
AB  - This work describes and demonstrates a suite of techniques for the non-destructive examination of surface films formed from oil additives. X-Ray diffraction, reflectivity and fluorescence have been used in grazing-incidence geometry to provide information on the thickness, roughness, density, structure and composition of the layers that compose reaction films. The lubricating oils were not rinsed off the surfaces of the samples before analysis. Films were formed from neat polyalphaolefin (PAO) oil and PAO with chloroform, dimethyl disulfide, or zinc or molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate additive. A thick layer of crystalline FeO formed during wear lubricated by neat PAO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - Depth profiling
KW  - Tribology
KW  - X-Ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11731553; Hershberger, J.; Email Address: jhersh@anl.gov Ajayi, O.O. 1 Fenske, G.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg 212 Rm D204, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 446 Issue 2, p248; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depth profiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tribology; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-Ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.09.065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11731553&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tarumi, Toshiyasu
AU  - Small, Gary W.
AU  - Combs, Roger J.
AU  - Kroutil, Robert T.
T1  - High-pass filters for spectral background suppression in airborne passive Fourier transform infrared spectrometry
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/01/16/
VL  - 501
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
SN  - 00032670
AB  - High-pass (HP) digital filtering and second-derivative (SD) filtering are evaluated as methods of removing background contributions from spectra collected by passive Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. In measurements performed with a downward-looking spectrometer mounted on an aircraft platform, the effects of non-constant background radiance from the ground make it challenging to build automated classifiers for detecting an analyte of interest. Applying HP digital filtering to the spectra to remove background contributions is evaluated as a strategy to help improve classifier performance. This methodology is tested by building classifiers for detecting heated ethanol plumes released from a portable emission stack. The classifiers are trained with data collected on the ground with the spectrometer viewing the plumes against a synthetic backdrop designed to simulate a terrestrial radiance source. The resulting classifiers are tested with data collected by the same spectrometer mounted on an aircraft flying over the emission stack. Support vector machines are employed as a classification algorithm with HP filtered spectra used as input patterns. Butterworth filters are used to implement HP digital filtering, while Savitzky–Golay filters are used to implement SD filtering. Significant improvement in classification performance is achieved by use of the HP filters. Because of variation in backgrounds between the training and prediction data, the best classifier obtained with unfiltered spectra is unable to detect ethanol in 37% of the test cases. HP filtering of spectra with an optimized Butterworth filter (order 8, cutoff frequency 0.060) improves the prediction results, resulting in no missed ethanol detections and false positive rates of less than 0.4%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - DIGITAL filters (Mathematics)
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - Fourier transform infrared
KW  - High-pass filtering
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Second derivative
KW  - Support vector machines
N1  - Accession Number: 11606613; Tarumi, Toshiyasu 1 Small, Gary W. 1; Email Address: small@ohio.edu Combs, Roger J. 2 Kroutil, Robert T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation, Clippinger Laboratories, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS E543, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 501 Issue 2, p235; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: DIGITAL filters (Mathematics); Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-pass filtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remote sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Second derivative; Author-Supplied Keyword: Support vector machines; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.aca.2003.09.037
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11606613&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baroukh, Nadine
AU  - Lopez, Camilo E.
AU  - Saleh, Maria-Carla
AU  - Recalde, Delia
AU  - Vergnes, Laurent
AU  - Ostos, Maria A.
AU  - Fiette, Laurence
AU  - Fruchart, Jean-Charles
AU  - Castro, Graciela
AU  - Zakin, Mario M.
AU  - Ochoa, Alberto
T1  - Expression and secretion of human apolipoprotein A-I in the heart
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/16/
VL  - 557
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Various studies have correlated apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, the major component high-density lipoprotein, with protection against development of cardiovascular disease. Although apoA-I expression has been previously detected in the liver and intestine, we have discovered that the human apoA-I gene is also expressed in the heart. Using transgenic (Tg) mice generated with the human apoA-I/C-III/A-IV gene cluster and Tg mice produced with just the 2.2 kb human apoA-I gene, we have detected significant levels of apoA-I expression in the heart. Furthermore, the detection of apoA-I expression in the hearts of human apoA-I Tg mice indicates that the minimal regulatory elements necessary for cardiac expression of the gene are located near its coding sequence. To determine if the apoA-I gene is also expressed in the human heart, similar analyses were performed, where apoA-I expression was found in both adult and fetal hearts. Furthermore in-depth investigation of the various regions of human and Tg mouse hearts revealed that the apoA-I mRNA was present in the ventricles and atria, but not in the aorta. In situ hybridization of Tg mouse hearts revealed that apoA-I expression was restricted to the cardiac myocyte cells. Finally, heart explants and cardiac primary culture experiments with Tg mice showed secretion of particles containing the human apoA-I protein, and metabolic labeling experiments have also detected a 28 kDa human apoA-I protein secreted from the heart. From these novel findings, new insights into the role and function of apoA-I can be extrapolated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - LIPID metabolism
KW  - CARDIOVASCULAR diseases
KW  - LIVER diseases
KW  - Heart
KW  - Human apoA-I expression
KW  - Lipids regulation
KW  - Transgenic mice
N1  - Accession Number: 11959578; Baroukh, Nadine 1,2; Email Address: nnbaroukh@lbl.gov Lopez, Camilo E. 1 Saleh, Maria-Carla 1 Recalde, Delia 1 Vergnes, Laurent 1 Ostos, Maria A. 1 Fiette, Laurence 3 Fruchart, Jean-Charles 4 Castro, Graciela 4 Zakin, Mario M. 1 Ochoa, Alberto 1; Affiliation:  1: Unité d’Expression des Gènes Eucaryotes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France  2: Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 84-171, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Unité d’Histopathologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France  4: U325 INSERM, Institut Pasteur, Lille, France; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 557 Issue 1-3, p39; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: LIPID metabolism; Subject Term: CARDIOVASCULAR diseases; Subject Term: LIVER diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heart; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human apoA-I expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lipids regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transgenic mice; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01429-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alam, M. Kathleen
AU  - Timlin, Jerilyn A.
AU  - Martin, Laura E.
AU  - Williams, Darryl
AU  - Lyons, C. Rick
AU  - Garrison, Kristin
AU  - Hjelle, Brian
T1  - Spectroscopic evaluation of living murine macrophage cells before and after activation using attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy
JO  - Vibrational Spectroscopy
JF  - Vibrational Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/01/16/
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 09242031
AB  - Infection activates immune response pathways in host macrophages and lymphocytes that might be of sufficient magnitude to facilitate early diagnoses of infections through a host immune biosignature. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy was used to examine the spectroscopic signatures of living mouse macrophage cells before and after activation. Cells were prepared as control samples, or activated with a combination of lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and analyzed 21 h after treatment. Resulting ATR/IR spectra collected from the living cells were analyzed using principal components analysis (PCA) and other classification methods. Plotting the scores from the first two principal components against one another provides good separation between activated and control samples. Interpretation of the loadings plots indicated that cellular activation was associated with changes in nucleic acid, protein and lipid infrared bands. Spectral samples were used to develop classification models based on activation status. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) models were developed with 100% classification rates, using leave-one-out cross-validation procedures. Activated macrophages can be distinguished from macrophages in the resting state by their ATR spectroscopy biosignatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vibrational Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - MACROPHAGES
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - ATR
KW  - Biosignatures
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Innate immune response
KW  - K-nearest neighbor
KW  - Linear discriminant analysis
KW  - Macrophage
N1  - Accession Number: 11769491; Alam, M. Kathleen 1; Email Address: mkalam@sandia.gov Timlin, Jerilyn A. 1 Martin, Laura E. 1 Williams, Darryl 1 Lyons, C. Rick 2 Garrison, Kristin 2 Hjelle, Brian 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories,<FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.</FN> MS 0886, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 915 Camino de Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: MACROPHAGES; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosignatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Innate immune response; Author-Supplied Keyword: K-nearest neighbor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linear discriminant analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Macrophage; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.vibspec.2003.07.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Ward, Scott
AU  - Gedvilas, Lynn
AU  - Keyes, Brian
AU  - Sanchez, Errol
AU  - Wang, Shulin
T1  - Conformal thin-film silicon nitride deposited by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 84
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 338
EP  - 340
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have studied silicon nitride thin films deposited by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition as a function of the substrate temperature and hydrogen dilution. We found that adding H[sub 2] to the process significantly enhances silicon nitride film deposition. High-quality films can be grown at low substrate temperatures (<350 °C). At optimized conditions, a 500-Å-thick silicon nitride film gives a nearly 100% surface coverage on a 100 nm scale object. H dilution dramatically increases the NH[sub 2] radicals in the process and leads to conformal films. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - DILUTION
N1  - Accession Number: 11941955; Wang, Qi 1; Email Address: qi_wang@nrel.gov Ward, Scott 1 Gedvilas, Lynn 1 Keyes, Brian 1 Sanchez, Errol 2 Wang, Shulin 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.  2: Applied Materials, Incorporated, 979 East Argues Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94086.; Source Info: 1/19/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 3, p338; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: DILUTION; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640803
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jihyun Kim, S. A.
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Chung, G. Y.
AU  - MacMillan, M. F.
AU  - Baca, A. G.
AU  - Briggs, R. D.
AU  - Schoenfeld, D.
AU  - Pearton, S. J.
T1  - Comparison of stability of WSi[sub X]/SiC and Ni/SiC Schottky rectifiers to high dose gamma-ray irradiation.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 84
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 373
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - SiC Schottky rectifiers with moderate breakdown voltages of ∼450 V and with either WSi[sub X] or Ni rectifying contacts were irradiated with Co-60 γ-rays to doses up to ∼315 Mrad. The Ni/SiC rectifiers show severe reaction of the contact after irradiation at the highest dose, badly degrading the forward current characteristics and increasing the on-state resistance by up to a factor of 6 after irradiation. By sharp contrast, the WSi[sub X]/SiC devices show little deterioration of the contact with the same conditions and changes in on-state resistance of <20%. The WSi[sub X] contacts appear promising for applications requiring improved contact stability. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC current rectifiers
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 11941944; Jihyun Kim, S. A. 1 Ren, F. 1 Chung, G. Y. 2 MacMillan, M. F. 2 Baca, A. G. 3 Briggs, R. D. 3 Schoenfeld, D. 4 Pearton, S. J. 5; Email Address: spear@mse.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering,  University of Honda, Gainesville, Florida 32611.  2: Sterling Semiconductor, Tampa, Florida 33619.  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  4: Department of Nuclear and Radiological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611.  5: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611.; Source Info: 1/19/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 3, p371; Subject Term: ELECTRIC current rectifiers; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1642271
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cederberg, J.G.
AU  - Kaatz, F.H.
AU  - Biefeld, R.M.
T1  - The impact of growth parameters on the formation of InAs quantum dots on GaAs(1 0 0) by MOCVD
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 261
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00220248
AB  - We have investigated InAs quantum dots (QD) formed on GaAs(1 0 0) using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Through a combination of room temperature photoluminescence and atomic force microscopy we have characterized the quantum dots. We have determined the effect of growth rate, deposited thickness, hydride partial pressure, and temperature on QD energy levels. The window of thickness for QD formation is very small, about 3 A˚ of InAs. By decreasing the growth rate used to deposit InAs, the ground state transition of the QD is shifted to lower energies. The formation of optically active InAs QD is very sensitive to temperature. Temperatures above 500°C do not form optically active QDs. The thickness window for QD formation increases slightly at 480°C. This is attributed to the thermal dependence of diffusion length. The AsH3 partial pressure has a non-linear effect on the QD ground state energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - A1. Surface structure
KW  - A3. Low pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy
KW  - B2. Semiconducting III–V materials
N1  - Accession Number: 11889439; Cederberg, J.G.; Email Address: jgceder@sandia.gov Kaatz, F.H. 1 Biefeld, R.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0601, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 261 Issue 2/3, p197; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Low pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting III–V materials; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.11.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creighton, J. Randall
AU  - Wang, George T.
AU  - Breiland, William G.
AU  - Coltrin, Michael E.
T1  - Nature of the parasitic chemistry during AlGaInN OMVPE
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 261
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Using in situ laser light scattering, we have observed gas-phase nanoparticles formed during AlN, GaN and InN OMVPE. The response of the scattering intensity to a wide range of conditions indicates that the AlN parasitic chemistry is considerably different from the corresponding GaN and InN chemistry. A simple CVD particle-growth mechanism is introduced that can qualitatively explain the observed particle size and yields a strong residence time dependence. We also used FTIR to directly examine the reactivity of the metalorganic precursors with NH3 in the 25–300°C range. For trimethylaluminum/NH3 mixtures a facile CH4 elimination reaction is observed, which also produces gas-phase aminodimethylalane, i.e. Al(CH3)2NH2. For trimethylgallium and trimethylindium the dominant reaction is reversible adduct formation. All of the results indicate that the AlN particle-nucleation mechanism is predominately of a concerted nature, while the GaN and InN particle-nucleation mechanisms involve homogeneous pyrolysis and radical chemistry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - INDIUM
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - A1. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - A1. Laser light scattering
KW  - A3. Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy
KW  - A3. Organometallic vapor phase epitaxy
KW  - B1. Aluminum nitride
KW  - B1. Gallium nitride
KW  - B1. Indium nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 11889440; Creighton, J. Randall; Email Address: jrcreig@sandia.gov Wang, George T. 1 Breiland, William G. 1 Coltrin, Michael E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS-0601, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 261 Issue 2/3, p204; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: INDIUM; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Laser light scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Organometallic vapor phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Aluminum nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Gallium nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Indium nitride; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.11.074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paduano, Q.S.
AU  - Weyburne, D.W.
AU  - Jasinski, J.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
T1  - Effect of initial process conditions on the structural properties of AlN films
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 261
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
SN  - 00220248
AB  - A two-step pressure process was recently developed for depositing AlN layers on sapphire substrates by MOCVD. Together with optimum substrate nitridation, the process resulted in AlN layers that had FWHM values of ∼350 and ∼550 arcsec for the (0 0 0 2) and <f>(1 0 1¯ 2)</f> rocking curves, respectively. While the films show excellent X-ray FWHM values, they often have poor morphology as well as small inversion domains spread throughout the film surface. A systematic study was initiated to understand the effect of substrate nitridation and the initial process conditions on the surface morphology and the structural properties. Using atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, it was found that the nitridation conditions as well as the initial deposition conditions result in a mixed polarity surface coverage of the substrate. It is possible to force the growth of predominately Al- or N-polarity AlN layers by choosing different initial growth conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - SURFACE hardening
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - A1. Atomic force microscopy
KW  - A1. Crystal morphology
KW  - A1. High-resolution X-ray diffraction
KW  - B1. Nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 11889450; Paduano, Q.S. 1; Email Address: qing.sun-puduano@hanscom.af.mil Weyburne, D.W. 1 Jasinski, J. 2 Liliental-Weber, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Air Force Research Laboratory, 80 Scott Dr. Hanscom AFB, MA 01731, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 261 Issue 2/3, p259; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: SURFACE hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Crystal morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. High-resolution X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Nitrides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.11.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fetzer, C.M.
AU  - King, R.R.
AU  - Colter, P.C.
AU  - Edmondson, K.M.
AU  - Law, D.C.
AU  - Stavrides, A.P.
AU  - Yoon, H.
AU  - Ermer, J.H.
AU  - Romero, M.J.
AU  - Karam, N.H.
T1  - High-efficiency metamorphic GaInP/GaInAs/Ge solar cells grown by MOVPE
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 261
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 341
SN  - 00220248
AB  - This paper focuses on the metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy growth of 3-junction (3J) solar cells where the epitaxial Ga0.44In0.56P top and Ga0.92In0.08As middle subcells are grown lattice-mismatched on a Ge substrate. Single-junction metamorphic devices with 8% and 12%-In, GaInAs are grown on 100 mm dia. (0 0 1) Ge substrates and evaluated in comparison to approximately lattice-matched GaAs and Ga0.99In0.01As subcells. Layers are observed to be nearly 100% relaxed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction. Threading dislocation densities of ∼2×105 cm−2 in the 8%-In layers are observed by electron beam induced current and cathodoluminescence. Single-junction devices show a constant offset between open-circuit voltage and bandgap of ∼380 mV. Building upon these results, 3J metamorphic Ga0.44In0.56P/Ga0.92In0.08As/Ge solar cells are fabricated. Very high performances of small area devices are reported with 28.8% efficiency under the AM0 spectrum and 31.3% efficiency under the AM1.5G 1-sun terrestrial spectrum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - ARSENIDES
KW  - 73.61.Ey
KW  - A1. Metamorphic
KW  - A3. Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy
KW  - B1. GaInAs
KW  - B1. GaInP
KW  - B1. Germanium
KW  - B3. Solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 11889463; Fetzer, C.M. 1; Email Address: cfetzer@spectrolab.com King, R.R. 1 Colter, P.C. 1 Edmondson, K.M. 1 Law, D.C. 1 Stavrides, A.P. 1 Yoon, H. 1 Ermer, J.H. 1 Romero, M.J. 2 Karam, N.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Spectrolab, Inc., 12500 Gladstone Avenue, Sylmar, CA 91342-5373, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 261 Issue 2/3, p341; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: ARSENIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.61.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Metamorphic; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. GaInAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. GaInP; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: B3. Solar cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.11.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peake, G.M.
AU  - Waldrip, K.E.
AU  - Hargett, T.W.
AU  - Modine, N.A.
AU  - Serkland, D.K.
T1  - OMVPE of GaAsSbN for long wavelength emission on GaAs
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 261
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 398
SN  - 00220248
AB  - GaAsSbN was grown by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE) as an alternative material to InGaAsN for long wavelength emission on GaAs substrates. OMVPE of GaAsSbN using trimethylgallium, 100% arsine, trimethylantimony, and 1,1-dimethylhydrazine was found to be kinetically limited at growth temperatures ranging from 520°C to 600°C, with an activation energy of 10.4 kcal/mol. The growth rate was linearly dependent on the group III flow and has a complex dependence on the group V constituents. A room temperature photoluminescence wavelength of >1.3 μm was observed for unannealed GaAs0.69Sb0.3N0.01. Low temperature (4 K) photoluminescence of GaAs0.69Sb0.3N0.01 shows an increase in FWHM of 2.4–3.4 times the FWHM of GaAs0.7Sb0.3, a red shift of 55–77 meV, and a decrease in intensity of one to two orders of magnitude. Hall measurements indicate a behavior similar to that of InGaAsN, a 300 K hole mobility of 350 cm2/V-s with a 1.0×1017/cm3 background hole concentration, and a 77 K mobility of 1220 cm2/V-s with a background hole concentration of 4.8×1016/cm3. The hole mass of GaAs0.7Sb0.3/GaAs heterostructures was estimated at 0.37–0.40<f>mo</f>, and we estimate an electron mass of 0.2–0.3<f>mo</f> for the GaAs0.69Sb0.3N0.01/GaAs system. The reduced exciton mass for GaAsSbN was estimated at about twice that found for GaAsSb by a comparison of diamagnetic shift vs. magnetic field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - HYDRAZINE
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - A3. Organometallic vapor phase epitaxy
KW  - A3. Quantum wells
KW  - B1. Antimonides
KW  - B2. Semiconducting quarternary alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 11889473; Peake, G.M.; Email Address: gmpeake@sandia.gov Waldrip, K.E. 1 Hargett, T.W. 1 Modine, N.A. 1 Serkland, D.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS0601, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0601, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 261 Issue 2/3, p398; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: HYDRAZINE; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Organometallic vapor phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Quantum wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Antimonides; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting quarternary alloys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.11.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
AU  - Okui, Takemichi
AU  - Oliver, Steven J.
T1  - Explicit supersymmetry breaking on boundaries of warped extra dimensions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 677
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Explicit supersymmetry breaking is studied in higher-dimensional theories by having boundaries respect only a subgroup of the bulk symmetry. If the boundary symmetry is the maximal subgroup allowed by the boundary conditions imposed on the fields, then the symmetry can be consistently gauged; otherwise gauging leads to an inconsistent theory. In a warped fifth dimension, an explicit breaking of all bulk supersymmetries by the boundaries is found to be inconsistent with gauging; unlike the case of flat 5D, complete supersymmetry breaking by boundary conditions is not consistent with supergravity. Despite this result, the low energy effective theory resulting from boundary supersymmetry breaking becomes consistent in the limit where gravity decouples, and such models are explored in the hope that some way of successfully incorporating gravity can be found. A warped constrained standard model leads to a theory with one Higgs boson with mass expected close to the experimental limit. A unified theory in a warped fifth dimension is studied with boundary breaking of both <f>SU(5)</f> gauge symmetry and supersymmetry. The usual supersymmetric prediction for gauge coupling unification holds even though the TeV spectrum is quite unlike the MSSM. Such a theory may unify matter and Higgs in the same <f>SU(5)</f> hypermultiplet. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 11732119; Hall, Lawrence J. 1,2 Nomura, Yasunori 3 Okui, Takemichi 1,2; Email Address: okui@buphy.bu.edu Oliver, Steven J. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 677 Issue 1/2, p87; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.10.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardakci, Korkut
T1  - Self consistent field method for planar <f>φ3</f> theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 677
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 354
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We continue and extend earlier work on the summation of planar graphs in <f>φ3</f> field theory, based on a local action on the world sheet. The present work employs a somewhat different version of the self consistent field (meanfield) approximation compared to the previous work on the same subject. Using this new approach, we are able to determine in general the asymptotic forms of the solutions, and in the case of one solution, even its exact form. This solution leads to formation of an unstable string, in agreement with the previous work. We also investigate and clarify questions related to Lorentz invariance and the renormalization of the solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPH theory
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - 03.70.+k
N1  - Accession Number: 11732126; Bardakci, Korkut 1,2; Email Address: bardakci@thsrv.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 677 Issue 1/2, p354; Subject Term: GRAPH theory; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.70.+k; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.10.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chomaz, Philippe
AU  - Colonna, Maria
AU  - Randrup, Jørgen
T1  - Nuclear spinodal fragmentation
JO  - Physics Reports
JF  - Physics Reports
Y1  - 2004/01/19/
VL  - 389
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 03701573
AB  - Spinodal multifragmentation in nuclear physics is reviewed. Considering first spinodal instability within the general framework of thermodynamics, we discuss the intimate relationship between first-order phase-transitions and convexity anomalies in the thermodynamic potentials, clarify the relationship between mechanical and chemical instability in two-component systems, and also address finite systems. Then we analyze the onset of spinodal fragmentation by various linear-response methods. Using the Landau theory of collective modes in bulk matter as a starting point, we first review the application of mean-field methods for the identification of the unstable collective modes and the determination of their structure and the associated dispersion relations yielding their growth rates. Subsequently, the corresponding results for finite nuclei are addressed and, within the random-phase approximation, we establish the connection between unstable modes in dilute systems and giant resonances in hot nuclei. Then we turn to the temporal evolution of the unstable systems, discussing first how the dynamics changes its character from being initially linear towards being chaotic and then considering the growth of initially agitated instabilities within the framework of one-body dynamics. We review especially the body of work relating to the Boltzmann–Langevin model, in which the stochastic part of the residual two-body collisions provides a well-defined noise that may agitate the collective modes. We seek to assess the utility of various approximate treatments, including brownian one-body dynamics, and discuss the many possible refinements of the basic treatment. After these primarily formal or idealized studies, we turn to the applications to nuclear multifragmentation and review the various investigations of whether the bulk of the collision zone becomes spinodally unstable. Fragmentation studies with both many-body and stochastic one-body models are discussed and we address the emerging topic of isospin fractionation. We then make contact with experimental data which indicates that the spinodal region is being entered under suitable conditions and we discuss in particular recent results on multifragment size correlations that appear to present signals of spinodal fragmentation. It is demonstrated how various aspects of the data can be understood both qualitatively and quantitatively within the stochastic one-body framework, thus strongly suggesting that nuclear spinodal fragmentation indeed occurs. We finally outline perspectives for further advances on the topic and make connections to current progress on related issues. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Reports is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - NUCLEAR fragmentation
N1  - Accession Number: 11786339; Chomaz, Philippe 1 Colonna, Maria 2 Randrup, Jørgen 3; Email Address: randrup@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: GANIL (DSM-CEA/IN2P3-CNRS), B.P. 5027, F-14076 Caen Cédex 5, France  2: Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 44, I-95123 Catania, Italy  3: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 1/19/2004, Vol. 389 Issue 5/6, p263; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fragmentation; Number of Pages: 178p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physrep.2003.09.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bowman, Michael K.
AU  - Berry, Edward A.
AU  - Roberts, Arthur G.
AU  - Kramer, David M.
T1  - Orientation of the g-Tensor Axes of the Rieske Subunit in the Cytochrome bc1 Complex.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/20/
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 430
EP  - 436
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The orientation of the g-tensors of the Rieske iron-sulfur protein subunit was determined in a single crystal of the bovine mitochondrial cytochrome bc[sub1] complex with stigmatellin in the Q[subo] quinol binding site. The g-tensor principal axes are skewed with respect to the Fe-Fe and S-S atom direction in the 2Fe2S cluster, which is allowed by the lack of rigorous symmetry of the cluster. The asymmetric unit in the crystal is the active dimer, and the g-tensor axes have slightly different orientations relative to the iron-sulfur cluster in the two halves of the dimer. The g ∼ 1.79 axis makes an average angle of 30° with respect to the Fe-Fe direction and the g ∼ 2.024 axis an average angle of 26° with respect to the S-S direction. This assignment of the g-tensor axis directions indicates that conformations of the Rieske protein are likely the same in the cytochrome bc[sub1] and b[sub6]f complexes and that the extent of motion of the Rieske head domain during the catalytic cycle has been highly conserved during evolution of these distantly related complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - HYDROQUINONE
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - MITOCHONDRIA
N1  - Accession Number: 12202852; Bowman, Michael K. 1,2; Email Address: Michael.bowman@pn1.gov Berry, Edward A. 3 Roberts, Arthur G. 2 Kramer, David M. 2; Affiliation:  1: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-98, Richland, Washington 99352-0999.  2: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 289 Clark Hall, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340.  3: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 3-520, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, Calvin Laboratory 5230, University of California, Berkeley, California 94 720-5230.; Source Info: 1/20/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p430; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: HYDROQUINONE; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinhui Li
AU  - Yijia Xiong, Gerard D.
AU  - Bigelow, Diana J.
AU  - Squier, Thomas C.
T1  - Phospholamban Binds in a Compact and Ordered Conformation to the Ca-ATPase.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/20/
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
EP  - 463
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Mutagenesis and cross-linking measurements have identified specific contact interactions between the cytosolic and the transmembrane sequences of phospholamban (PLB) and the Ca-ATPase, and in conjunction with the high-resolution structures of PLB and the Ca-ATPase, have been used to construct models of the PLB-ATPase complex, which suggest that PLB adopts a more extended structure within this complex. To directly test these predictions, we have used fluorescence resonance energy transfer to measure the average conformation and heterogeneity between chromophores covalently bound to the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of PLB reconstituted in proteoliposomes. In the absence of the Ca-ATPase, the cytosolic domain of PLB assumes a wide range of structures relative to the transmembrane sequence, which can be described using a model involving a Gaussian distribution of distances with an average distance (R[subav]) of less than 21 Å and a half-width (HW) of 36 Å. This conformational heterogeneity of PLB is consistent with the 10 structures resolved by NMR for the C41F mutant of PLB in organic cosolvents. In contrast, PLB bound to the Ca-ATPase assumes a unique and highly ordered conformation, where Ray = 14.0 ± 0.3 Å and HW = 3.7 ± 0.6 Å. The small spatial separation between the bound chromophores on PLB is inconsistent with an extended conformation of bound PLB in current models. Thus, to satisfy known interaction sites of PLB and the Ca-ATPase, these findings suggest a reorientation of the nucleotide binding domain of the Ca-ATPase toward the bilayer surface to bring known PLB binding sites into close juxtaposition with residues near the amino-terminus of PLB. Induction of an altered conformation of the nucleotide binding domain of the Ca-ATPase by PLB binding is suggested to underlie the reduced calcium sensitivity associated with PLB inhibition of the pump. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - TERATOGENESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 12202855; Jinhui Li 1 Yijia Xiong, Gerard D. 1 Bigelow, Diana J. 1 Squier, Thomas C. 1; Email Address: thomas.squier@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Cell Biology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 1/20/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p455; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: TERATOGENESIS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinchliffe, I.
AU  - Kersting, N.
AU  - Ma, Y. L.
T1  - REVIEW OF THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF NONCOMMUTATIVE GEOMETRY.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/20/
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
EP  - 204
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - We present a pedagogical review of particle physics models that are based on the noncommutativity of space–time, [formula], with specific attention to the phenomenology these models predict in particle experiments either in existence or under development. We summarize results obtained for high energy scattering such as would occur, for example, in a future e[sup +]e[sup -] linear collider with [formula], as well as low energy experiments such as those pertaining to elementary electric dipole moments and other CP violating observables, and finally comment on the status of phenomenological work in cosmology and extra dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NONCOMMUTATIVE differential geometry
KW  - PHENOMENOLOGY
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - noncommutative geometry
KW  - Particle physics
KW  - phenomenology
N1  - Accession Number: 12430439; Hinchliffe, I. 1 Kersting, N. 2; Email Address: kest@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn Ma, Y. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Department of Physics Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China.; Source Info: 1/20/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p179; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NONCOMMUTATIVE differential geometry; Subject Term: PHENOMENOLOGY; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: noncommutative geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: phenomenology; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knoll, D.A.
AU  - Keyes, D.E.
T1  - Jacobian-free Newton–Krylov methods: a survey of approaches and applications
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/20/
VL  - 193
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 357
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Jacobian-free Newton–Krylov (JFNK) methods are synergistic combinations of Newton-type methods for superlinearly convergent solution of nonlinear equations and Krylov subspace methods for solving the Newton correction equations. The link between the two methods is the Jacobian-vector product, which may be probed approximately without forming and storing the elements of the true Jacobian, through a variety of means. Various approximations to the Jacobian matrix may still be required for preconditioning the resulting Krylov iteration. As with Krylov methods for linear problems, successful application of the JFNK method to any given problem is dependent on adequate preconditioning. JFNK has potential for application throughout problems governed by nonlinear partial differential equations and integro-differential equations. In this survey paper, we place JFNK in context with other nonlinear solution algorithms for both boundary value problems (BVPs) and initial value problems (IVPs). We provide an overview of the mechanics of JFNK and attempt to illustrate the wide variety of preconditioning options available. It is emphasized that JFNK can be wrapped (as an accelerator) around another nonlinear fixed point method (interpreted as a preconditioning process, potentially with significant code reuse). The aim of this paper is not to trace fully the evolution of JFNK, nor to provide proofs of accuracy or optimal convergence for all of the constituent methods, but rather to present the reader with a perspective on how JFNK may be applicable to applications of interest and to provide sources of further practical information. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - JACOBIAN matrices
KW  - NONLINEAR functional analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11733814; Knoll, D.A. 1; Email Address: nol@lanl.gov Keyes, D.E. 2; Email Address: david.keyes@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Fluid Dynamics Group (T-3), Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 193 Issue 2, p357; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: JACOBIAN matrices; Subject Term: NONLINEAR functional analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 41p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.08.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holdych, David J.
AU  - Noble, David R.
AU  - Georgiadis, John G.
AU  - Buckius, Richard O.
T1  - Truncation error analysis of lattice Boltzmann methods
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/20/
VL  - 193
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 595
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A truncation error analysis is performed for models based on the lattice Boltzmann (LB) equation. This analysis involves two steps: the recursive application of the LB equation and a Taylor series expansion. Unlike previous analytical studies of LB methods, the present work does not assume an asymptotic relationship between the temporal and spatial discretization parameters or between the probability distribution function, <f>f</f>, and its equilibrium distribution, <f>feq</f>. Effective finite difference stencils are derived for both the distribution function and the primitive variables, i.e., density and velocity. The governing partial differential equations are also recovered. The associated truncation errors are derived and the results are validated by numerical simulation of analytic flows. Analysis of the truncation errors elucidates the roles of the kinetic theory relaxation parameter, <f>τ</f>, and the discretization parameters, <f>Δx</f> and <f>Δt</f>. The effects of initial and boundary conditions are also addressed and are shown to significantly affect the overall accuracy of the method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ERROR analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - TAYLOR'S series
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - Chapman–Enskog
KW  - Finite difference
KW  - Lattice Boltzmann
KW  - Truncation error
N1  - Accession Number: 11733822; Holdych, David J. 1,2 Noble, David R. 3; Email Address: drnoble@sandia.gov Georgiadis, John G. 1,2 Buckius, Richard O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: NSF Science and Technical Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0826, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 193 Issue 2, p595; Subject Term: ERROR analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: TAYLOR'S series; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chapman–Enskog; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite difference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice Boltzmann; Author-Supplied Keyword: Truncation error; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.08.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cui, S. T.
T1  - Molecular dynamics study of single-stranded DNA in aqueous solution confined in a nanopore.
JO  - Molecular Physics
JF  - Molecular Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/20/
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 146
SN  - 00268976
AB  - Molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to study the molecular behaviours of single-strand DNA molecules in aqueous solution in a cylindrical pore of 2-3 nm diameter. We examined the solvent and the ion distribution in the nanopore. We studied the conformational properties of the single-strand DNA and the dependence of the conformation on the diameter of the nanopore and on the length of the single-stranded DNA, and the interaction between the single-stranded DNA and the ions. We found that the ions in the nanopore show a preference to the centre of the pore. In addition, the sodium ions exhibit an oscillatory density distribution in the radial direction correlated with the density distribution of the water molecules. The end-to-end distance, and the orientation of the end-to-end vector of the single-stranded DNA are strongly affected by the confinement. The counter-ions adsorb strongly to the charged sites on the single-stranded DNA, most dominantly the backbone phosphate groups. There exists, however, substantial freedom for the counter-ion to desorb from the DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEOXYRIBOSE
KW  - GENES
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTROLYSIS
KW  - ANALYTICAL mechanics
KW  - METAL ions
N1  - Accession Number: 12827546; Cui, S. T. 1,2; Email Address: scui@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: 1/20/2004, Vol. 102 Issue 2, p139; Subject Term: DEOXYRIBOSE; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTROLYSIS; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL mechanics; Subject Term: METAL ions; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00268970310001647475
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giaever, Gun
AU  - Flaherty, Patrick
AU  - Kumm, Jochen
AU  - Proctor, Michael
AU  - Nislow, Corey
AU  - Jaramillo, Daniel F.
AU  - Chu, Angela M.
AU  - Jordan, Michael I.
AU  - Arkin, Adam P.
AU  - Davis, Ronald W.
T1  - Chemogenomic profiling: Identifying the functional interactions of small molecules in yeast.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/01/20/
VL  - 101
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 793
EP  - 798
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We demonstrate the efficacy of a genome-wide protocol in yeast that allows the identification of those gene products that functionally interact with small molecules and result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation. Here we present results from screening 10 diverse compounds in 80 genome-wide experiments against the complete collection of heterozygous yeast deletion strains. These compounds include anticancer and antifungal agents, statins, alverine citrate, and dyclonine. In several cases, we identified previously known interactions; furthermore, in each case, our analysis revealed novel cellular interactions, even when the relationship between a compound and its cellular target had been well established. In addition, we identified a chemical core structure shared among three therapeutically distinct compounds that inhibit the ERG24 heterozygous deletion strain, demonstrating that cells may respond similarly to compounds of related structure. The ability to identify on-and-off target effects in vivo is fundamental to understanding the cellular response to small-molecule perturbants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YEAST
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - CELL proliferation
KW  - EDIBLE fungi
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ANTIFUNGAL agents
KW  - ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
N1  - Accession Number: 12258145; Giaever, Gun 1; Email Address: ggiaever@stanford.edu Flaherty, Patrick 2 Kumm, Jochen 1 Proctor, Michael 1 Nislow, Corey 1 Jaramillo, Daniel F. 1 Chu, Angela M. 3 Jordan, Michael I. 4 Arkin, Adam P. 5 Davis, Ronald W. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1103.  2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 3-144, Berkeley, CA 94720-1770.  3: Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307.  4: Departments of computer Science and Statistics, University of California, 731 Soda Hall. No. 1776, Berkeley, CA 94720-1770.  5: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 3-144, Berkeley, CA 94720-1770.; Source Info: 1/20/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 3, p793; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Subject Term: EDIBLE fungi; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: ANTIFUNGAL agents; Subject Term: ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0307490100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jennison, D.R.
AU  - Schultz, P.A.
AU  - King, D.B.
AU  - Zavadil, K.R.
T1  - BaO/W(1 0 0) thermionic emitters and the effects of Sc, Y, La, and the density functional used in computations
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/01/20/
VL  - 549
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Density functional theory is used to predict workfunctions, <f>φ</f>. For relaxed clean W(1 0 0), the local density approximation (LDA) agrees with experiment better than the newer generalized gradient approximation, probably due to the surface electron self-energy. The large Ba metallic radius indicates it covers W(1 0 0) at about 0.5 monolayer (ML). However, Ba2+, O2−, and metallic W all have similar radii. Thus 1 ML of BaO (one BaO unit for each two W atoms) produces minimum strain, indicating commensurate interfaces. BaO (1 ML) and Ba (1/2 ML) have the same <f>φ</f> to within 0.02 V, so at these coverages reduction or oxidation is not important. Due to greater chemical activity of ScO vs. highly ionic BaO, when mixing the latter with this suboxide of scandia, the overlayer always has BaO as the top layer and ScO as the second layer. The BaO/ScO bilayer has a rocksalt structure, suggesting high stability. In the series BaO/ScO/, BaO/YO/, and BaO/LaO/W(1 0 0), the latter has a remarkably low <f>φ</f> of 1.3 V (LDA), but 2 ML of rocksalt BaO also has <f>φ</f> at 1.3 V. We suggest BaO (1 ML) does not exist and that it is worthwhile to attempt the direct synthesis and study of BaO (2 ML) and BaO/LaO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - BARIUM
KW  - Alkaline earth metals
KW  - Barium oxide
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Lanthanides
KW  - Thermionic emission
KW  - Tungsten
KW  - Work function measurements
KW  - Yttrium
N1  - Accession Number: 11769618; Jennison, D.R.; Email Address: drjenni@sandia.gov Schultz, P.A. 1 King, D.B. 1 Zavadil, K.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Surface and Interface Sciences, Org. 1114-MS 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1415, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 549 Issue 2, p115; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: BARIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkaline earth metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Barium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermionic emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten; Author-Supplied Keyword: Work function measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yttrium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.10.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Hodgson, Alfred T.
AU  - Hotchi, Toshifumi
AU  - Kim, Janice J.
T1  - Passive measurement of nitrogen oxides to assess traffic-related pollutant exposure for the East Bay Children's Respiratory Health Study
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/01/21/
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The East Bay Children''s Respiratory Health Study is examining associations between traffic-related pollutant exposures and respiratory health among children who reside and attend schools at varied proximity to northern California freeways. Chronic exposures are being inferred from outdoor pollutant concentrations at neighborhood schools. This paper reports primarily weeklong integrated NO2 and NOX concentrations measured with passive samplers placed outside at 10 elementary schools during 14 weeks in spring and 8 weeks in fall 2001. Measurements were also made outside selected student residences to examine spatial variability within three school neighborhoods. Regional concentrations of NO2 and NOX varied widely from week to week. School site data were normalized to measurements at a nearby regional monitoring station to facilitate analysis of relative pollutant exposures at the neighborhood schools. Normalized concentrations were consistent at each school throughout the study. Schools located upwind or far downwind of freeways were generally indistinguishable from one another and regional pollution levels. For school and neighborhood sites within 350 m downwind of a freeway, concentrations increased with decreasing downwind distance. The highest normalized concentrations occurred at a school located directly adjacent to a major freeway and a shopping center. In this case, normalized NO2 and NOX were ∼60% and ∼100% higher than regional background levels. At three schools within 130–230 m downwind of a freeway, normalized NO2 and NOX were ∼20–30% and ∼50–80% higher than regional levels. Validation testing of the passive samplers indicated precision of better than 5% for both NO2 and NOX when samplers were deployed outside for 1-week periods. Passive sampler results agreed with co-located chemiluminescence measurements to within 8% for NO2 and 3% for NOX. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - RESPIRATORY organs
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - MEDICAL care
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Nitrogen dioxide
KW  - Passive sampler
KW  - Schools
N1  - Accession Number: 11571793; Singer, Brett C. 1; Email Address: bcsinger@lbl.gov Hodgson, Alfred T. 2 Hotchi, Toshifumi 2 Kim, Janice J. 3; Affiliation:  1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Atmospheric Sciences Department, MS 51-208, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Indoor Environment Department, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Air Toxicology and Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p393; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: RESPIRATORY organs; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: MEDICAL care; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Freeways; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passive sampler; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schools; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bryngelson, Peter A.
AU  - Arobo, Sumonu E.
AU  - Pinkham, Jennifer L.
AU  - Cabelli, Diane E.
AU  - Maroney, Michael J.
T1  - Expression, Reconstitution, and Mutation of Recombinant Streptomyces coelicolor NiSOD.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/21/
VL  - 126
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 460
EP  - 461
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen. Superoxide radical has been linked to various disorders ranging in severity from inflammatory to neurodegenerative diseases. SOD protect organisms from the deleterious effects of superoxide and reactive oxygen species derived therefrom. Various Streptomyces species are known to produce nickel-dependent SOD (NiSOD), and more recently, genomic evidence for NiSOD has been found in cyanobacteria.
KW  - SUPEROXIDE dismutase
KW  - STREPTOMYCES coelicolor
KW  - OXIDOREDUCTASES
KW  - NEURODEGENERATION
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - CATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 12335707; Bryngelson, Peter A. 1 Arobo, Sumonu E. 1 Pinkham, Jennifer L. 2 Cabelli, Diane E. 3 Maroney, Michael J. 1; Email Address: mmaroney@chemistry.umass.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts 01003.  2: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts 01003.  3: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 1/21/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 2, p460; Subject Term: SUPEROXIDE dismutase; Subject Term: STREPTOMYCES coelicolor; Subject Term: OXIDOREDUCTASES; Subject Term: NEURODEGENERATION; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yujiang Song, James D.
AU  - Yi Yang
AU  - Medforth, Craig J.
AU  - Pereira, Eulalia
AU  - Singh, Anup K.
AU  - Huifang Xu
AU  - Yingbing Jiang
AU  - Brinker, C. Jeffrey
AU  - van Swol, Frank
AU  - Shelnutt, John A.
T1  - Controlled Synthesis of 2-D and 3-D Dendritic Platinum Nanostructures.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/21/
VL  - 126
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
EP  - 645
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Seeding and autocatalytic reduction of platinum salts in aqueous surfactant solution using ascorbic acid as the reductant leads to remarkable dendritic metal nanostructures. In micellar surfactant solutions, spherical dendritic metal nanostructures are obtained, and the smallest of these nanodendrites resemble assemblies of joined nanoparticles and the nanodendrites are single crystals. With liposomes as the template, dendritic platinum sheets in the form of thin circular disks or solid foamlike nanomaterials can be made. Synthetic control over the morphology of these nanodendrites, nanosheets, and nanostructured foams is realized by using a tin-porphyrin photocatalyst to conveniently and effectively produce a large initial population of catalytic growth centers. The concentration of seed particles determines the ultimate average size and uniformity of these novel two- and three-dimensional platinum nanostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - VITAMIN C
KW  - DENDRITIC crystals
KW  - METALLOGRAPHY
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
N1  - Accession Number: 12335739; Yujiang Song, James D. 1,2 Yi Yang 1,2 Medforth, Craig J. 1 Pereira, Eulalia 1,3 Singh, Anup K. 1 Huifang Xu 2 Yingbing Jiang 2 Brinker, C. Jeffrey 1,2 van Swol, Frank 1,2 Shelnutt, John A. 1,4; Email Address: jasheln@unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106.  2: Departments of Chemistry, Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, and Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131.  3: CEQUP/Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602.; Source Info: 1/21/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 2, p635; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: VITAMIN C; Subject Term: DENDRITIC crystals; Subject Term: METALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Alex G.
AU  - Linder, Eric V.
AU  - Miquel, Ramon
AU  - Mostek, Nick
T1  - Effects of systematic uncertainties on the supernova determination of cosmological parameters.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/21/
VL  - 347
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 909
EP  - 920
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - Mapping the recent expansion history of the Universe offers the best hope for uncovering the characteristics of the dark energy believed to be responsible for the acceleration of the expansion. In determining cosmological and dark-energy parameters to the percentage level, systematic uncertainties impose a more severe floor on the accuracy than the statistical measurement precision. We delineate the categorization, simulation and understanding required to bound systematics for the specific case of the Type Ia supernova method. Using the simulated data of the forthcoming ground-based surveys and the proposed space-based Supernova/Acceleration Probe ( SNAP) mission we present Monte Carlo results for the residual uncertainties on the cosmological parameter determination. The tight systematics control with optical and near-infrared observations and the extended redshift reach allow a space survey to bound the systematics below 0.02 mag at . For a typical SNAP-like supernova survey, this keeps total errors within 15 per cent of the statistical values and provides estimation of to to 0.07 and w′ to 0.3; these can be further improved by incorporating complementary data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPANDING universe
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - RED shift
KW  - cosmological parameters
KW  - supernovae: general
N1  - Accession Number: 11874047; Kim, Alex G. 1 Linder, Eric V. 1 Miquel, Ramon 1 Mostek, Nick 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physics Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Indiana University, Department of Astronomy, Swain West 319, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Source Info: 1/21/2004, Vol. 347 Issue 3, p909; Subject Term: EXPANDING universe; Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: RED shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmological parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: supernovae: general; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07260.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spataro, B.
AU  - Brandt, D.
AU  - Caspers, F.
AU  - Li, D.
AU  - Migliorati, M.
AU  - Mostacci, A.
AU  - Palumbo, L.
AU  - Ruggiero, F.
AU  - Vos, L.
T1  - On trapped modes in the LHC recombination chambers: numerical and experimental results
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/01/21/
VL  - 517
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 27
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The recombination chamber in Large Hadron Collider allows the separated proton beams to merge into a common vacuum chamber surrounding the interaction points. It has been subject of thorough studies concerning its interaction with the circulating beam. In this paper, we present the numerical and experimental results of our investigation on an approximated geometry. We show that in the smooth transitions between pipes of different diameters a trapped mode may exist, both in the real and in the approximated geometry. In the real structure, the mode is weak and not harmful both for the beam stability and power loss. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Impedance
KW  - LHC
KW  - Wire method
N1  - Accession Number: 17053347; Spataro, B. 1; Email Address: bruno.spataro@lnf.infn.it Brandt, D. 2 Caspers, F. 2 Li, D. 3 Migliorati, M. 1,4 Mostacci, A. 1,4 Palumbo, L. 1,4 Ruggiero, F. 2 Vos, L. 4; Affiliation:  1: LNF-INFN, Via E. Fermi 40, I-00044 Frascati (Rome), Italy  2: CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Dip. of Energetics, V.A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 517 Issue 1-3, p19; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire method; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blevis, I.
AU  - Boger, J.
AU  - Bonvin, E.
AU  - Cleveland, B.T.
AU  - Dai, X.
AU  - Dalnoki-Veress, F.
AU  - Doucas, G.
AU  - Farine, J.
AU  - Fergani, H.
AU  - Grant, D.
AU  - Hahn, R.L.
AU  - Hamer, A.S.
AU  - Hargrove, C.K.
AU  - Heron, H.
AU  - Jagam, P.
AU  - Jelley, N.A.
AU  - Jillings, C.
AU  - Knox, A.B.
AU  - Lee, H.W.
AU  - Levine, I.
T1  - Measurement of <f>222Rn</f> dissolved in water at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/01/21/
VL  - 517
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 153
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The technique used at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) to measure the concentration of <f>222Rn</f> in water is described. Water from the SNO detector is passed through a vacuum degasser (in the light water system) or a membrane contact degasser (in the heavy water system) where dissolved gases, including radon, are liberated. The degasser is connected to a vacuum system which collects the radon on a cold trap and removes most other gases, such as water vapor and <f>N2</f>. After roughly <f>0.5 tonnes</f> of <f>H2O</f> or <f>6 tonnes</f> of <f>D2O</f> have been sampled, the accumulated radon is transferred to a Lucas cell. The cell is mounted on a photomultiplier tube which detects the <f>α</f>-particles from the decay of <f>222Rn</f> and its progeny. The overall degassing and concentration efficiency is about 38% and the single-<f>α</f> counting efficiency is approximately 75%. The sensitivity of the radon assay system for <f>D2O</f> is equivalent to <f>∼3×10-15 g U/g</f> water. The radon concentration in both the <f>H2O</f> and <f>D2O</f> is sufficiently low that the rate of background events from U-chain elements is a small fraction of the interaction rate of solar neutrinos by the neutral current reaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - GASES
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - Radioactivity assay
KW  - Radon
KW  - SNO
KW  - Solar neutrino
N1  - Accession Number: 17053358; Blevis, I. 1 Boger, J. 2 Bonvin, E. 3 Cleveland, B.T. 4 Dai, X. 4 Dalnoki-Veress, F. 1 Doucas, G. 4 Farine, J. 5 Fergani, H. 4 Grant, D. 1 Hahn, R.L. 2 Hamer, A.S. 3 Hargrove, C.K. 1 Heron, H. 4 Jagam, P. 6 Jelley, N.A. 4 Jillings, C. 3 Knox, A.B. 4 Lee, H.W. 3 Levine, I. 1; Email Address: ilevine@iusb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont. K1S 5B6, Canada  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. K7L 3N6, Canada  4: Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ont. P3E 2K6, Canada  6: Physics Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1, Canada; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 517 Issue 1-3, p139; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactivity assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radon; Author-Supplied Keyword: SNO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar neutrino; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.103
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dababneh, S.
AU  - Patronis, N.
AU  - Assimakopoulos, P.A.
AU  - Görres, J.
AU  - Heil, M.
AU  - Käppeler, F.
AU  - Karamanis, D.
AU  - O'Brien, S.
AU  - Reifarth, R.
T1  - Gamma spectroscopy using two Clover detectors in close geometry
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/01/21/
VL  - 517
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 230
EP  - 239
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A gamma spectrometer composed of two Clover Ge detectors in close geometry is described. The advantages and drawbacks of the different modes of operation are investigated. The use of offline coincidence analysis for substantial background reduction is presented and an experimental approach for the determination of the summing correction factor is formulated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Addback mode
KW  - Background reduction
KW  - Clover detector
KW  - Coincidence mode
KW  - Direct mode
KW  - Gamma-ray detection
KW  - Summing correction
N1  - Accession Number: 17053369; Dababneh, S. 1; Email Address: saed.dababneh@ik.fzk.de Patronis, N. 2 Assimakopoulos, P.A. 2 Görres, J. 3 Heil, M. 1 Käppeler, F. 1 Karamanis, D. 2 O'Brien, S. 3 Reifarth, R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Kernphysik, Postfach 3640, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany  2: Nuclear Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, The University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece  3: University of Notre Dame, Department of Physics, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 517 Issue 1-3, p230; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Addback mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Background reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clover detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coincidence mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Summing correction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalemos, Apostolos
AU  - Dunning Jr., Thom H.
AU  - Mavridis, Aristides
T1  - On symmetry breaking in BNB: Real or artifactual?
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1813
EP  - 1819
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The ground state of the linear BNB molecule has been examined with multireference-based ab initio methods coupled with quantitative basis sets. Previous computational studies on BNB, even those using highly correlated single reference-based methods, e.g., the CCSD(T) and BDT methods, suggested that the two BN bond lengths were unequal. In this paper, the BN(X [sup 3]Π)+B([sup 2]P[sub u]) potential energy curve is constructed using a state-averaged multireference-based correlated method (SA-CASSCF+PT2). The four lowest states of BN were included in the state averaging procedure. These calculations reveal no symmetry breaking along the antisymmetric stretching mode of the molecule. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON nitride
KW  - BORIDES
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12046406; Kalemos, Apostolos 1 Dunning Jr., Thom H. 1; Email Address: dunning@jics.utk.edu Mavridis, Aristides 2; Affiliation:  1: Joint Institute for Computational Sciences, University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory  2: Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Source Info: 1/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 4, p1813; Subject Term: BORON nitride; Subject Term: BORIDES; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635797
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cygan
AU  - R. T.
AU  - Liang
AU  - J.-J.
AU  - Kalinichev
AU  - A. G.
T1  - Molecular Models of Hydroxide, Oxyhydroxide, and Clay Phases and the Development of a General Force Field.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1255
EP  - 1266
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The fate of chemical and radioactive wastes in the environment is related to the ability of natural phases to attenuate and immobilize contaminants through chemical sorption and precipitation processes. Our understanding of these complex processes at the atomic level is provided by a few experimental and analytical methods such as X-ray absorption and NMR spectroscopies. However, due to complexities in the structure and composition of clay and other hydrated minerals, and the inherent uncertainties of the experimental methods, it is important to apply theoretical molecular models for a fundamental atomic-level understanding, interpretation, and prediction of these phenomena. In this effort, we have developed a general force field, CLAYFF, suitable for the simulation of hydrated and multicomponent mineral systems and their interfaces with aqueous solutions. Interatomic potentials were derived from parametrizations incorporating structural and spectroscopic data for a variety of simple hydrated compounds. A flexible SPC-based water model is used to describe the water and hydroxyl behavior. Metal-oxygen interactions are described by a Lennard-Jones function and a Coulombic term with partial charges derived by Mulliken and ESP analysis of DFT results. Bulk structures, relaxed surface structures, and intercalation processes are evaluated and compared to experimental and spectroscopic findings for validation. Our approach differs from most others in that we treat most interatomic interactions as nonbonded. This allows us to effectively use the force field for a wide variety of phases and to properly account for energy and momentum transfer between the fluid phase and the solid, while keeping the number of parameters small enough to allow modeling of relatively large and highly disordered systems. Simulations of clay, hydroxide, and oxyhydroxide phases and their interfaces with aqueous solutions combine energy minimization and molecular dynamics methods to describe the structure and behavior of water, hydroxyl, surface species, and intercalates in these systems. The results obtained to date demonstrate that CLAYFF shows good promise to evolve into a widely adaptable and broadly effective force field for molecular simulations of fluid interfaces with clays and other clay-related phases, as well as other inorganic materials characterized by complex, disordered, and often ill-determined structure and composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - ABSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 12115849; Cygan R. T. 1 Liang J.-J. 1 Kalinichev A. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0750, and Department of Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 108 Issue 4, p1255; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nguyen, Jeffrey H.
AU  - Holmes, Neil C.
T1  - Melting of iron at the physical conditions of the Earth's core.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6972
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 342
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Seismological data can yield physical properties of the Earth's core, such as its size and seismic anisotropy. A well-constrained iron phase diagram, however, is essential to determine the temperatures at core boundaries and the crystal structure of the solid inner core. To date, the iron phase diagram at high pressure has been investigated experimentally through both laser-heated diamond-anvil cell and shock-compression techniques, as well as through theoretical calculations. Despite these contributions, a consensus on the melt line or the high-pressure, high-temperature phase of iron is lacking. Here we report new and re-analysed sound velocity measurements of shock-compressed iron at Earth-core conditions. We show that melting starts at 225 ± 3?GPa (5,100 ± 500?K) and is complete at 260 ± 3?GPa (6,100 ± 500?K), both on the Hugoniot curve-the locus of shock-compressed states. This new melting pressure is lower than previously reported, and we find no evidence for a previously reported solid-solid phase transition on the Hugoniot curve near 200?GPa (ref. 16). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12046916; Nguyen, Jeffrey H. 1; Email Address: nguyen29@llnl.gov Holmes, Neil C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Advanced Technologies, H-Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 1/22/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6972, p339; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02248
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cleaves, Rebecca
AU  - Qian-fei Wang, Rebecca
AU  - Friedman, Alan D.
T1  - C/EBPap30, a myeloid leukemia oncoprotein, limits G-CSF receptor expression but not terminal granulopoiesis via site-selective inhibition of C/EBP DNA binding.
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 716
EP  - 725
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 09509232
AB  - Heterozygous mutations of the CEBPA gene are present in 5% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases and often lead to the expression of an N-terminally truncated, 30?kDa isoform, C/EBPap30, from an internal translation start site. We have assessed the effect of C/EBPap30 on granulopoiesis utilizing C/EBPap30-ER, containing the estradiol receptor ligand-binding domain. In contrast to C/EBPa-ER, C/EBPap30-ER did not induce 32Dcl3 myeloid cell differentiation in IL-3. However, both isoforms, when expressed at high levels, were capable of inhibiting E2F activity in 32Dcl3 cells and of slowing their G1 to S progression. C/EBPap30 repressed expression of the endogenous G-CSF receptor several-fold. To facilitate investigation of the effect of C/EBPap30-ER on granulopoiesis downstream of G-CSF signalling, we coexpressed exogenous G-CSF receptor. C/EBPap30-ER/GR cells expressed several granulocytic markers in G-CSF and demonstrated nuclear maturation. Rat C/EBPa-ER and C/EBPap30-ER, expressed in 293T cells, bound the C/EBP site from the NE gene with similar affinity, as did human C/EBPa and C/EBPap30. In contrast, C/EBPap30 bound the C/EBP sites in the PU.1 or GR gene with 3-6-fold reduced affinity. Thus, the selective inhibition of GR expression by C/EBPap30-ER is due in part to its variable affinity for C/EBP sites. Variation in affinity for selected cis elements among isoforms may affect the biology of basic region-leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins.Oncogene (2004) 23, 716-725. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207172 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oncogene is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - ESTRADIOL
KW  - CELL differentiation
KW  - CELLS
KW  - CELL receptors
KW  - AML
KW  - C/EBPα
KW  - cell cycle
KW  - differentiation
KW  - leukemia
N1  - Accession Number: 12046836; Cleaves, Rebecca 1 Qian-fei Wang, Rebecca 1,2 Friedman, Alan D. 1; Email Address: afriedm2@jhem.jhmi.edu; Affiliation:  1: Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA  2: Genome Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 1/22/2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p716; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: ESTRADIOL; Subject Term: CELL differentiation; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: CELL receptors; Author-Supplied Keyword: AML; Author-Supplied Keyword: C/EBPα; Author-Supplied Keyword: cell cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: differentiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: leukemia; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.onc.1207172
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manohar, Chitra F.
AU  - Bray, James A.
AU  - Salwen, Helen R.
AU  - Madafiglio, Janice
AU  - Cheng, Andy
AU  - Flemming, Claudia
AU  - Marshall, Glenn M.
AU  - Norris, Murray D.
AU  - Haber, Michelle
AU  - Cohn, Susan L.
T1  - MYCN-mediated regulation of the MRP1 promoter in human neuroblastoma.
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 753
EP  - 762
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 09509232
AB  - In the childhood cancer neuroblastoma (NB), the level of expression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) gene is strongly correlated with expression of the MYCN oncogene in primary NB tumors, suggesting that MRP1 may be a target for MYCN-mediated gene regulation. In this study, we show that MYCN induction in human NB cells results in increased MRP1 mRNA and protein levels, which in turn is accompanied by increased drug resistance and enhanced MRP1-mediated drug efflux. Furthermore, luciferase activity from MRP1 promoter/luciferase gene reporter constructs was significantly increased in NB cells with exogenous overexpression of MYCN, whereas activity was decreased in NB cells stably transfected with MYCN-antisense vectors. Decreased luciferase activity was observed with promoter constructs that lacked one or two E-box sequences or had E-box double point mutations, while a truncated MRP1 promoter lacking all three E-boxes exhibited only basal levels of activity. Specific electrophoretic mobility shifts of MRP1 E-box sequences were detected with nuclear extracts from NB cells with MYCN overexpression, and complex formation was inhibited with the addition of antibodies directed against MYCN or MYC. These findings indicate that by interacting with E-box elements within the promoter, MYCN can upregulate MRP1 expression and modulate drug resistance in NB.Oncogene (2004) 23, 753-762. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207151 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oncogene is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER
KW  - NEUROBLASTOMA
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - DRUG resistance
KW  - ONCOGENES
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - gene regulation
KW  - MRP1
KW  - MYCN
KW  - neuroblastoma
N1  - Accession Number: 12046847; Manohar, Chitra F. 1,2 Bray, James A. 1 Salwen, Helen R. 1 Madafiglio, Janice 3 Cheng, Andy 3 Flemming, Claudia 3 Marshall, Glenn M. 3 Norris, Murray D. 3 Haber, Michelle 3 Cohn, Susan L. 4; Email Address: scohn@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: The Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia  4: Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Source Info: 1/22/2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p753; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: NEUROBLASTOMA; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: DRUG resistance; Subject Term: ONCOGENES; Subject Term: TUMORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: gene regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRP1; Author-Supplied Keyword: MYCN; Author-Supplied Keyword: neuroblastoma; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.onc.1207151
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Huichen
AU  - Boecker, Wilfried
AU  - Wang, Hongyan
AU  - Wang, Xiang
AU  - Guan, Jun
AU  - Thompson, Larry H.
AU  - Nickoloff, Jac A.
AU  - Iliakis, George
T1  - Caffeine inhibits homology-directed repair of I-SceI-induced DNA double-strand breaks.
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 824
EP  - 834
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 09509232
AB  - We recently reported that two Chinese hamster mutants deficient in the RAD51 paralogs XRCC2 and XRCC3 show reduced radiosensitization after treatment with caffeine, thus implicating homology-directed repair (HDR) of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the mechanism of caffeine radiosensitization. Here, we investigate directly the effect of caffeine on HDR initiated by DSBs induced by a rare cutting endonuclease (I-SceI) into one of two direct DNA repeats. The results demonstrate a strong inhibition by caffeine of HDR in wild-type cells, and a substantial reduction of this effect in HDR-deficient XRCC3 mutant cells. Inhibition of HDR and cell radiosensitization to killing shows similar dependence on caffeine concentration suggesting a cause-effect relationship between these effects. UCN-01, a kinase inhibitor that effectively abrogates checkpoint activation in irradiated cells, has only a small effect on HDR, indicating that similar to radiosensitization, inhibition of checkpoint signaling is not sufficient for HDR inhibition. Recombination events occurring during treatment with caffeine are characterized by rearrangements reminiscent to those previously reported for the XRCC3 mutant, and immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrates significantly reduced formation of IR-specific RAD51 foci after caffeine treatment. In summary, our results identify inhibition of HDR as a significant contributor to caffeine radiosensitization.Oncogene (2004) 23, 824-834. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207168 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oncogene is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CAFFEINE
KW  - DNA
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - HAMSTERS
KW  - RADIATION-sensitizing agents
KW  - caffeine
KW  - double-strand breaks (DSB)
KW  - homologous recombination
KW  - homology-directed repair
KW  - nonhomologous end joining
KW  - repair
N1  - Accession Number: 12046839; Wang, Huichen 1 Boecker, Wilfried 2 Wang, Hongyan 1 Wang, Xiang 1 Guan, Jun 1 Thompson, Larry H. 3 Nickoloff, Jac A. 4 Iliakis, George 1,2; Email Address: Georg.Iliakis@uni-essen.de; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiation Oncology of Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA  2: Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Hufeland Strasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131-5276, USA; Source Info: 1/22/2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p824; Subject Term: CAFFEINE; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: HAMSTERS; Subject Term: RADIATION-sensitizing agents; Author-Supplied Keyword: caffeine; Author-Supplied Keyword: double-strand breaks (DSB); Author-Supplied Keyword: homologous recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: homology-directed repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonhomologous end joining; Author-Supplied Keyword: repair; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.onc.1207168
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12046839&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bültmann, S.
AU  - Chiang, I.H.
AU  - Chrien, R.E.
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Gill, R.L.
AU  - Guryn, W.
AU  - Lynn, D.
AU  - Pearson, C.
AU  - Pile, P.
AU  - Rusek, A.
AU  - Sakitt, M.
AU  - Tepikian, S.
AU  - Chwastowski, J.
AU  - Pawlik, B.
AU  - Haguenauer, M.
AU  - Bogdanov, A.A.
AU  - Nurushev, S.B.
AU  - Runtzo, M.F.
AU  - Strikhanov, M.N.
AU  - Alekseev, I.G.
T1  - First measurement of proton–proton elastic scattering at RHIC
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 579
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The first result of the pp2pp experiment at RHIC on elastic scattering of polarized protons at <f>√ of s=200</f> GeV is reported here. The exponential slope parameter <f>b</f> of the diffractive peak of the elastic cross section in the <f>t</f> range <f>0.010&les;&z.sfnc;t&z.sfnc;&les;0.019</f> (GeV<f>/c</f>)2 was measured to be <f>b=16.3±1.6(stat.)±0.9(syst.)</f> <f>(GeV/c)−2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON-proton interactions
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11769733; Bültmann, S. 1 Chiang, I.H. 1 Chrien, R.E. 1 Drees, A. 1 Gill, R.L. 1 Guryn, W. 1; Email Address: guryn@bnl.gov Lynn, D. 1 Pearson, C. 1 Pile, P. 1 Rusek, A. 1 Sakitt, M. 1 Tepikian, S. 1 Chwastowski, J. 2 Pawlik, B. 2 Haguenauer, M. 3 Bogdanov, A.A. 4 Nurushev, S.B. 4 Runtzo, M.F. 4 Strikhanov, M.N. 4 Alekseev, I.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cracow, Poland  3: Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France  4: Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia  5: Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 579 Issue 3/4, p245; Subject Term: PROTON-proton interactions; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friar, J.L.
AU  - Sick, Ingo
T1  - Zemach moments for hydrogen and deuterium
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 579
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We calculate the Zemach moments of hydrogen and deuterium for the first time using only the world data on elastic electron–proton and electron–deuteron scattering. Such moments are required for the calculation of the nuclear corrections to the hyperfine structure of these hydrogenic atoms. We compare the resulting HFS predictions to the available high-precision data and provide an estimate of the size of the nuclear polarization corrections necessary to produce agreement between experimental HFS and theoretical calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - HYPERFINE interactions
KW  - ELASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 11769739; Friar, J.L. 1 Sick, Ingo 2; Email Address: ingo.sick@unibas.ch; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Departement für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 579 Issue 3/4, p285; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Subject Term: HYPERFINE interactions; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11769739&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xin-Nian
T1  - Why the observed jet quenching at RHIC is due to parton energy loss
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 579
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Significant jet quenching in central <f>Au+Au</f> collisions has been discovered at RHIC. This Letter provides theoretical arguments and lists experimental evidence that the observed jet quenching at RHIC is due to parton energy loss instead of hadron rescattering or absorption in a hadronic medium. These include: (1) hadron formation time based on the uncertainty principle, (2) <f>pT</f> dependence and (3) centrality dependence of the observed jet quenching, (4) jet-like leading hadron correlations (5) high-<f>pT</f> azimuthal anisotropy and (6) experimental data from <f>Pb+Pb</f> collisions at SPS and <f>e+A</f> collisions. Direct measurements of the parton energy loss in the direction of a triggered high-<f>pT</f> hadron and the medium modified fragmentation function on the back-side are proposed to further verify the partonic nature of the observed jet quenching. The importance of jet quenching studies at lower energies at RHIC is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - GOLD
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 11769741; Wang, Xin-Nian 1; Email Address: xnwang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, MS70R0319, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 579 Issue 3/4, p299; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
T1  - What is coherent in neutrino oscillations
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 579
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Simple rigorous quantum mechanics with no hand waving nor loopholes clarifies the confusion between three contradictory descriptions of the coherence between different neutrino mass eigenstates that can give rise to oscillations: (1) The standard textbook description of oscillations in time produced by coherence between states with different masses and different energies. (2) Stodolsky''s proof that interference between states having different energies cannot be observed in realistic experiments. (3) The description of a pion decay at rest into an observed muon and unobserved neutrino as a “missing mass” experiment where coherence between different neutrino mass eigenstates is not observable.The known position in space of all realistic detectors is rigorously shown to provide the quantum-mechanical ignorance of the neutrino momentum needed to produce coherence between amplitudes from neutrino states with the same energy and different masses. Conditions are precisely formulated for the loss of coherence when mass eigenstate wave packets moving with different velocities separate. The example of Bragg scattering shows how quantum-mechanically imposed ignorance produces coherence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11769748; Lipkin, Harry J. 1,2,3; Email Address: lipkin@hep.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel  3: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 579 Issue 3/4, p355; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.013
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11769748&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hovsepian, P.Eh.
AU  - Kok, Y.N.
AU  - Ehiasarian, A.P.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
AU  - Wen, J.-G.
AU  - Petrov, I.
T1  - Structure and tribological behaviour of nanoscale multilayer C/Cr coatings deposited by the combined steered cathodic arc/unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 447/448
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Nanoscale multilayer C/Cr coatings (bilayer thickness ∼2 nm) were produced by the combined steered cathodic arc/unbalanced magnetron deposition technique. The mirror-polished M2 substrates were treated by Cr+ ion etching/implantation followed by the deposition of a 0.25 μm thick CrN base layer. A 1.6 μm thick C/Cr multilayer coating was then deposited by non-reactive unbalanced magnetron sputtering while rotating the substrates in front of three graphite and one Cr targets. During the multilayer deposition, a bias potential between −65 and −95 V was applied to the substrates. The ion flux measured by a flat electrostatic probe was 1.2 mA cm−2 and the deposition rate was 0.4 μm h−1, which resulted in ion-to-neutral ratio of Ji/Jn=5.2. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy diffraction and Z-contrast imaging investigations revealed a novel nanostructure in which the basic nano-lamellae obtained as a result of substrate rotation in front of the C and Cr targets were modified by ion-irradiation-induced nanocolumnar structure. The intense ion-irradiation of the immiscible film components caused local enrichment of Cr and C that propagated in the growth direction resulting in Cr-rich nanocolumns separated by C-rich boundaries in an overall amorphous structure. Tribological studies of the composite C/Cr coatings were conducted using a pin-on-disk apparatus under a load of 5 N, at velocities of 0.13–0.15 m s−1 and for distances of ∼500 m in dry nitrogen (∼0% humidity) and open air (30% relative humidity). Results indicated that the C/Cr composite coatings provided friction coefficients of 0.7–0.8 in dry nitrogen, while the values were significantly lower in open air, 0.21–0.24, during sliding against both the coated and uncoated balls for coatings deposited at bias voltage of −75 V. The friction coefficient decreases to 0.16 when the bias voltage of −95 V was used. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - C/Cr coatings
KW  - Magnetron sputtering
KW  - Multilayer
N1  - Accession Number: 12442582; Hovsepian, P.Eh. 1; Email Address: p.hovsepian@shu.ac.uk Kok, Y.N. 1 Ehiasarian, A.P. 1 Erdemir, A. 2 Wen, J.-G. 3 Petrov, I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Tribology Section, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 212, Argonne, IL, USA  3: Materials Science Department and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 1101 West Springfield Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 447/448, p7; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: C/Cr coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetron sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.09.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Y.J.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
T1  - Nanoindentation with spherical indenters: finite element studies of deformation in the elastic–plastic transition regime
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 447/448
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Finite element simulation techniques were used to examine spherical indentation in the elastic–plastic transition regime and characterize the development of the constraint factor—the ratio of the mean pressure to the flow stress—with penetration depth for a wide variety of materials with different yield strengths and work hardening behavior. The simulations showed that the initial portion of the transition at small penetration depths is essentially independent of the work hardening behavior because plastic deformation in the subsurface plastic zone is constrained by surrounding elastic material. This is a potentially useful result in that it implies that some material properties may be measured from the indentation load–displacement data without prior knowledge of the work hardening behavior. At larger depths, the constraint factor diverges and the indentation behavior becomes dependent on the work hardening characteristics. These observations serve to divide the elastic–plastic transition into elastically-dominated and plastically-dominated parts. Insights gained about the behavior are presented and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - CAD/CAM systems
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Elastic–plastic deformation
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Spherical indenters
N1  - Accession Number: 12442625; Park, Y.J. 1,2 Pharr, G.M. 1,2; Email Address: pharr@uth.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 434 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 447/448, p246; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: CAD/CAM systems; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic–plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical indenters; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)01102-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lepienski, C.M.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
AU  - Park, Y.J.
AU  - Watkins, T.R.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Zhang, X.
T1  - Factors limiting the measurement of residual stresses in thin films by nanoindentation
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 447/448
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Experimental results and finite element simulations are presented to examine whether a recently developed nanoindentation method for measuring residual stresses in bulk, monolithic materials can be applied to thin films. The method is based on indentation with spherical indenters in the elastic–plastic transition regime. Experiments were performed on 7 μm copper films and 5 μm chromium films deposited on (100) silicon substrates using indenters with radii of 30, 69 and 122 μm. The biaxial stresses in the films, which were controlled by processing, were verified by X-ray techniques. Nanoindentation measurement of the film stresses proved difficult due to practical considerations arising from surface roughness, substrate effects and problems in producing an appropriate reference specimen for comparison. Finite element simulations showed that the substrate problems can be alleviated by using an indenter with a radius of the order of (or smaller than) the film thickness. However, the other difficulties pose serious obstacles to the practical implementation of the method to thin film residual stress measurement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Copper
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Stress
N1  - Accession Number: 12442626; Lepienski, C.M. 1 Pharr, G.M. 2,3; Email Address: pharr@uth.edu Park, Y.J. 2,3 Watkins, T.R. 3 Misra, A. 4 Zhang, X. 4; Affiliation:  1: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Física, Caixa Postal 19081, Curitiba-PR CEP81531-990, Brazil  2: The University of Tennessee, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 434 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-8, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 447/448, p251; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0040-6090(03)01103-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jankowski, Alan
AU  - Hayes, Jeffrey
T1  - The evaporative deposition of aluminum coatings and shapes with grain size control
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/01/22/
VL  - 447/448
M3  - Article
SP  - 568
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The direct deposition of coatings with a variable cross-section presents a challenge for the use of physical vapor deposition technology. Aluminum coatings with constant and variable cross-section profiles are useful for the evaluation of material behavior under extreme loading conditions, as for example under high strain rate. The synthesis of a variable cross-section with micron-scale design features in the as-deposited condition requires process innovation. It is now demonstrated that a 70-μm thickness gradient can be produced, from a 30 μm to a 100 μm plateau forming a wedge shape across a 800-μm path length, using a variable position shutter translated using a computer-controlled stepper motor. In addition, to deposit a desired grain size in the aluminum coatings first requires quantification of the established qualitative effects of time at temperature seen in growth models. An examination of the coating microstructure leads to a new quantitative result of a 0.41 eV·atom−1 activation energy for ideal-grain growth behavior over the micron-to-millimeter scale at temperatures of 260–540 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM silicates
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - PHYSICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Aluminum coatings
KW  - Grain size control
KW  - Physical vapor deposition technology
N1  - Accession Number: 12442680; Jankowski, Alan 1; Email Address: jankowski1@llnl.gov Hayes, Jeffrey 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Mail Stop L-352, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA  2: Mechanical Engineering, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 447/448, p568; Subject Term: ALUMINUM silicates; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: PHYSICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain size control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physical vapor deposition technology; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.07.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Renfrow, Matthew B.
AU  - Naryshkin, Nikolai
AU  - Lewis, L. Michelle
AU  - Chen, Hung-Ta
AU  - Richard H. Ebright, Hung-Ta
AU  - Scott, Robert A.
T1  - Transcription Factor B Contacts Promoter DNA Near the Transcription Start Site of the Archael Transcription Initiation Complex.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/23/
VL  - 279
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2825
EP  - 2831
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Transcription initiation in all three domains of life requires the assembly of large multiprotein complexes at DNA promoters before RNA polymerase (RNAP)-catalyzed transcript synthesis. Core RNAP subunits show homology among the three domains of life, and recent structural information supports this homology. General transcription factors are required for productive transcription initiation complex formation. The archaeal general transcription factors TATA-element-binding protein (TBP), which mediates promoter recognition, and transcription factor B (TFB), which mediates recruitment of RNAP, show extensive homology to eukaryal TBP and TFIIB. Crystallographic information is becoming available for fragments of transcription initiation complexes (e.g. RNAP, TBP-TFB-DNA, TBP-TFIIB-DNA), but understanding the molecular topography of complete initiation complexes still requires biochemical and biophysical characterization of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. In published work, systematic site-specific protein-DNA photocrosslinking has been used to define positions of RNAP subunits and general transcription factors in bacterial and eukaryal initiation complexes. In this work, we have used systematic site-specific protein-DNA photocrosslinking to define positions of RNAP subunits and general transcription factors in an archaeal initiation complex. Employing a set of 41 derivatized DNA fragments, each having a phenyl azide photoactivable crosslinking agent incorporated at a single, defined site within positions -40 to + 1 of the gdh promoter of the hyperthermophilic marine archaea, Pyrococcus furiosus (Pr), we have determined the locations of PfRNAP subunits PfTBP and PfTFB relative to promoter DNA. The resulting topographical information supports the striking homology with the eukaryal initiation complex and permits one major new conclusion, which is that PfTFB interacts with promoter DNA not only in the TATA-element region but also in the transcription-bubble region, near the transcription start site. Comparison with crystallographic information implicates the PfTFB N-terminal domain in the interaction with the transcription-bubble region. The results are discussed in relation to the known effects of substitutions in the TFB and TFIIB N-terminal domains on transcription initiation and transcription start-site selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - DNA
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
KW  - CARRIER proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 12354687; Renfrow, Matthew B. 1,2 Naryshkin, Nikolai 3,4 Lewis, L. Michelle 1,5 Chen, Hung-Ta 1,6 Richard H. Ebright, Hung-Ta 3 Scott, Robert A. 1; Email Address: scott@chem.uga.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Metalloenzyme Studies, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, FL  3: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey  4: PTC Therapeutics, South Plainfield, NJ  5: Diversa Corp., San Diego, CA  6: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA; Source Info: 1/23/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 4, p2825; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garcia-Galdo, Jorge. E.
AU  - Cobas-Rodriguez, José
AU  - Jáuregui-Haza, Ulises J.
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Improved model of multicomponent adsorption in reversed-phase liquid chromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/01/23/
VL  - 1024
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 00219673
AB  - This work presents a modification to the real adsorbed solution model using a Flory–Huggins type of expression that was reported previously. This modification consists in replacing the Flory–Huggins activity coefficient by the spreading pressure dependent approach. This new model takes into account explicitly the adsorbate–adsorbate interactions taking place in the adsorbed phase. It provides an excellent prediction of the competitive, ternary adsorption equilibrium of benzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol and 2-methyl benzyl alcohol observed in a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic system using information merely derived from the single-component adsorption experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Toluene
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Alcohols
KW  - Mathematical modelling
N1  - Accession Number: 11606618; Garcia-Galdo, Jorge. E. 1; Cobas-Rodriguez, José 1; Jáuregui-Haza, Ulises J. 1; Guiochon, Georges 2,3; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Centro de Química Farmacéutica (CQF), Calle 200 y 21, Apdo. 16042, Atabey, Playa, La Habana, Cuba; 2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 1024 Issue 1/2, p9; Thesaurus Term: Toluene; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Methanol; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alcohols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical modelling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.10.051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felinger, Attila
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Repeatability and reproducibility of high-concentration data in reversed-phase liquid chromatography: III. Isotherm reproducibility on Kromasil C18
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/01/23/
VL  - 1024
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Single component equilibrium isotherms of six compounds (aniline, caffeine, ethylbenzene, phenol, propranolol, and theophylline) were determined by the inverse method on 10 Kromasil-C18 columns, using water–methanol solutions as the mobile phase. This method offers an economic and fast isotherm determination by means of the overloaded band profiles of the compounds. Five out of the ten columns used in this test come from the same batch whilst the other five columns represent five additional batches. Statistical evaluation was used to assess the reproducibility of the isotherm parameters. We found that the column-to-column reproducibility of the isotherm parameters is of the same magnitude as the batch-to-batch reproducibility (with the exception of one outlier column). In most of the cases, the reproducibilities of the saturation capacities and that of the retention factors are excellent, they are typically between 1.2 and 3%, and very often below 2%. Within the limits of the experimental precision, these results agree with those obtained earlier, using a conventional method of isotherm determination. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Aniline
KW  - Ethylbenzene
KW  - Phenols
KW  - Caffeine
KW  - Theophylline
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Phenol
KW  - Propranolol
KW  - Repeatability
KW  - Reproducibility
N1  - Accession Number: 11606620; Felinger, Attila 1,2; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical and Analytical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Jan2004, Vol. 1024 Issue 1/2, p21; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Aniline; Thesaurus Term: Ethylbenzene; Thesaurus Term: Phenols; Subject Term: Caffeine; Subject Term: Theophylline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propranolol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repeatability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reproducibility; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.09.058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, C. W.
AU  - Zoch, J.
AU  - Gossard, A. C.
AU  - Chemla, D. S.
T1  - Phase Diagram of Degenerate Exciton Systems.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/01/23/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5657
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 506
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Degenerate exciton systems have been produced in quasi-two-dimensional confined areas in semiconductor coupled quantum well structures. We observed contractions of clouds containing tens of thousands of excitons within areas as small as (10 µm)² near 10 kelvin. The spatial and energy distributions of optically active excitons were determined by measuring photoluminescence as a function of temperature and laser excitation and were used as thermodynamic quantities to construct the phase diagram of the exciton system, which demonstrates the existence of distinct phases. Under- f: standing the formation mechanisms of these degenerate exciton systems can open new opportunities for the realization of Bose-Einstein condensation in the solid state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - SPECTRAL energy distribution
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - BOSE-Einstein condensation
N1  - Accession Number: 12186462; Lai, C. W. 1,2; Email Address: celai@lbl.gov Zoch, J. 3 Gossard, A. C. 4 Chemla, D. S. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Applied Science and Technology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  3: Physics Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.; Source Info: 1/23/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5657, p503; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: SPECTRAL energy distribution; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: BOSE-Einstein condensation; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3966
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Disselkamp, R.S.
AU  - Judd, K.M.
AU  - Hart, T.R.
AU  - Peden, C.H.F.
AU  - Posakony, G.J.
AU  - Bond, L.J.
T1  - A comparison between conventional and ultrasound-mediated heterogeneous catalysis: hydrogenation of 3-buten-1-ol aqueous solutions
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/01/25/
VL  - 221
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
SN  - 00219517
AB  - A power flow scheme applicable to probe-type ultrasound reactors is presented, that has been deduced from both theoretical estimates and experimental measurements employing a thermal insulated vessel. Under typical conditions for water at 1 atm pressure, 77% of the electrical power is converted into mechanical motion of the probe, that in turn is dissipated to both acoustic power (<f>∼12</f>%) and cavitational heating (<f>∼88</f>%). Approximately 92% of the mechanical power of the probe was converted into heat, with the remaining power presumably converted into audible acoustic and/or mechanical motion. In a second type of experiment performed here, heterogeneous catalysis experiments have been performed at 298 K in an isothermal (i.e., jacketed) reaction vessel comparing chemistry in conventional (e.g., thermal) versus ultrasound-assisted systems. Both product state distribution and reaction rate measurements have been performed for the hydrogenation (using hydrogen gas) of aqueous 3-buten-1-ol solutions employing Pd-black powder. Products from the heterogeneous catalysis include isomerization to cis- and trans-2-buten-1-ol, as well as hydrogenation to 1-butanol. A reaction scheme involving surface-bound alkyl-radical species, consistent with previous published work, is proposed to explain product formation. Based on the observed differences in cis- to trans-2-buten-1-ol ratios in conventional versus ultrasound experiments, employing untreated and prereduced catalysts, it has been determined that ultrasound creates catalyst site(s) enhancing the cis-to-trans 2-buten-1-ol ratio from 0.25 to 0.55. In addition, comparing the total isomerization to hydrogenation ratio (cis- plus trans-2-buten-1-ol to 1-butanol ratio), for ultrasound-assisted and conventional catalysis, reveal a <f>∼5</f>-fold enhancement in isomerization relative to the more energetically favored hydrogenation due to the application of ultrasound. Finally, the product formation rates for 1-butanol, as well as isomerization plus hydrogenation, revealed that conventional and ultrasound experiments showed both a nonlinear dependence with applied ultrasound power and no differences between untreated and prereduced catalysts. The observed reaction rate enhancements were 1:36:183 for the conventional, 90 W ultrasound, and 190 W ultrasound experiments, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASONIC imaging
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - Heterogeneous catalysis
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Product state distribution
KW  - Sonochemistry
KW  - Ultrasound
N1  - Accession Number: 12036853; Disselkamp, R.S.; Email Address: robert.disselkamp@pnl.gov Judd, K.M. 1 Hart, T.R. 1 Peden, C.H.F. 1 Posakony, G.J. 1 Bond, L.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 221 Issue 2, p347; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC imaging; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Product state distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sonochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrasound; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2003.08.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dai, Hongxing
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
AU  - Iglesia, Enrique
T1  - Effects of molybdena on the catalytic properties of vanadia domains supported on alumina for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/01/25/
VL  - 221
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
SN  - 00219517
AB  - The oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane was investigated on vanadia dispersed on alumina containing a nominal polymolybdate monolayer (4.8 Mo<f>/</f>nm2). Dehydrogenation rates and selectivities on these catalysts were compared with those on vanadia domains dispersed on alumina. At a given vanadia surface density, ODH reaction rates per gram of catalyst were about 1.5–2 times greater on MoO<f>x</f>-coated Al2O3 than on pure Al2O3 supports. The higher activity of vanadia dispersed on MoO<f>x</f>-coated Al2O3 reflects the greater reducibility of VO<f>x</f> species as a result of the replacement of V&z.sbnd;O&z.sbnd;Al with V&z.sbnd;O&z.sbnd;Mo bonds. The MoO<f>x</f> interlayer also increased the alkene selectivity by inhibiting propane and propene combustion rates relative to ODH rates. This appears to reflect a smaller number of unselective V2O5 clusters when alkoxide precursors are used to disperse vanadia on MoO<f>x</f>/Al2O3 as compared to the use of metavanadate precursor to disperse vanadia on pure Al2O3. At 613 K, the ratio of rate coefficients for propane combustion and propane ODH was three times smaller on MoO<f>x</f>/Al2O3 than on Al2O3 supports. The ratio of rate constants for propene combustion and propane ODH decreased by a similar factor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEHYDROGENATION
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - Oxidative dehydration
KW  - Propane
KW  - Vanadia
N1  - Accession Number: 12036944; Dai, Hongxing 1 Bell, Alexis T.; Email Address: bell@cchem.berkeley.edu Iglesia, Enrique; Email Address: iglesia@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 221 Issue 2, p491; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENATION; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative dehydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadia; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2003.09.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, E.
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Sigmund, W.
AU  - Hascicek, Y.S.
T1  - Fabrication of La2Zr2O7 buffer layers on Ni tapes by reel-to-reel sol–gel technique
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2004/01/25/
VL  - 106
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
SN  - 09215107
AB  - In order to investigate the optimal conditions for highly orientated and epitaxial buffer layers on textured Ni tapes, we have deposited perovskite textured La2Zr2O7 (LZO) films on Ni tapes using a reel-to-reel sol–gel process for fabrication of second generation high-Tc superconductors. Of these usual parameters, precursor types, solvents, chelating agents, and annealing conditions were chosen to prepare LZO solutions. This effect on epitaxial growth of LZO of these processing and texturing parameters was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), environment scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and orientation imaging microscope (OIM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray pole figure analysis. Based on the following results, we have found textured, homogenous, dense, crack free and pinhole free, LZO films with a strong c-axis orientation on textured Ni tapes by post-annealing at 1150 °C for 10 min under 4% H2–Ar gas flow. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - CHELATES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Alkoxides
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Buffer layers
KW  - HTS
KW  - LZO
KW  - Ni tape
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - TEA
KW  - Texture
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 11731519; Celik, E. 1,2,3; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Akin, Y. 1,4 Sigmund, W. 4 Hascicek, Y.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, FSU, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  3: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, Japan Fine Ceramic Center, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, 2-chome, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, 456-8587, Japan  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 106 Issue 2, p182; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: CHELATES; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkoxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: HTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: LZO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni tape; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mseb.2003.09.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soo, Y. L.
AU  - Kim, S.
AU  - Kao, Y. H.
AU  - Blattner, A. J.
AU  - Wessels, B. W.
AU  - Khalid, S.
AU  - Hanke, C. Sanchez
AU  - Kao, C.-C.
T1  - Local structure around Mn atoms in room-temperature ferromagnetic (In,Mn)As thin films probed by extended x-ray absorption fine structure.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 84
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
EP  - 483
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - An extended x-ray absorption fine structure technique has been employed to probe the average local structure around Mn impurity atoms in (In,Mn)As thin films prepared by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy. These films show ferromagnetism above room temperature. As the concentration of Mn increases, the average local environment surrounding Mn changes from that of a Mn–Mn interstitial pair to a dimer, trimer, or cubic MnAs structure and then to the hexagonal MnAs structure/interstitial pair. In contrast to random substitution, the Mn impurity atoms in these dimer, trimer, or cubic MnAs structure occupy adjacent sites in the In sublattice. Ferromagnetism above room temperature in these ordered substitutional samples provides an excellent example for ferromagnetic exchange interaction in (In,Mn)As diluted magnetic semiconductors without the formation of hexagonal MnAs clusters, this is potentially very important for spintronic applications. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - RADIOGRAPHIC films
KW  - MAGNETIC semiconductors
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - DIMERCURIO, Michael
N1  - Accession Number: 12020908; Soo, Y. L. 1; Email Address: soo@butialo.edu Kim, S. 1 Kao, Y. H. 1 Blattner, A. J. 2 Wessels, B. W. 2 Khalid, S. 3 Hanke, C. Sanchez 3 Kao, C.-C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Amherst, New York, 14260.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 60208.  3: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 1/26/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 4, p481; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHIC films; Subject Term: MAGNETIC semiconductors; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326114 Plastic film and sheet manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; People: DIMERCURIO, Michael; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640465
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liao, X. Z.
AU  - Zhu, Y. T.
AU  - Qiu, Y. M.
AU  - Uhl, D.
AU  - H. F. Xu, D.
T1  - Quantum dot/substrate interaction in InAs/In[sub 0.53]Ga[sub 0.47]As/InP(001).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 84
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
EP  - 513
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - InAs quantum dots grown on In[sub 0.53]Ga[sub 0.47]As/InP(001) substrate by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition were investigated using high-angle annular dark-field imaging. Results suggest significant mass transport of mainly the large-sized component (InAs) from the In[sub 0.53]Ga[sub 0.47]As substrate to InAs quantum dots, an unexpected process that increases the system strain energy. The amount of the transported mass increases with quantum dot size. Two monolayers of GaAs inserted between InAs islands and the InGaAs substrate appears to block or at least effectively slow down this mass transport process. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - VAPOR-plating
N1  - Accession Number: 12020898; Liao, X. Z. 1; Email Address: xzliao@IanI.gov Zhu, Y. T. 1 Qiu, Y. M. 2 Uhl, D. 2 H. F. Xu, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91109.  3: Department of Earlh & Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131.; Source Info: 1/26/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 4, p511; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1642754
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12020898&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lina, Y.
AU  - Chen, X.
AU  - Liu, S. W.
AU  - Chen, C. L.
AU  - Lee, Jang-sik
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Bhalla, A.
T1  - Anisotropic in-plane strains and dielectric properties in (Pb,Sr)TiO[sub 3] thin films on NdGaO[sub 3] substrates.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 84
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
EP  - 579
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Anisotropic in-plane strain can be induced in (Pb,Sr)TiO[sub 3] (PST) thin film by using orthorhombic NdGaO[sub 3] (110) as a substrate. High-resolution x-ray diffraction was used to measure the strain of the PST thin film. A rocking curve with full width at half maximum of ∼0.04° illustrated that the film had nearly perfect single-crystalline quality. Reciprocal space maps around the (001), (103), and (013) reflections of the PST film revealed anisotropic in-plane strain of 485 ppm along [100] and 26 ppm along [010], respectively. Coplanar capacitance measurements also showed systematic changes in the dielectric constant and tunability due to strain; about a 15% difference in tunability at surface field of 50 kV/cm and a 20% difference in the zero-field dielectric constant were observed along [100] and [010], respectively. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - ELECTRIC capacity
KW  - ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12020878; Lina, Y. 1; Email Address: qxjia@lanl.gov Chen, X. 2 Liu, S. W. 2 Chen, C. L. 2 Lee, Jang-sik 1 Li, Y. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1 Bhalla, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity technology Center Materials Science and technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Texas Center for Superconductivity and Advanced Materials and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204.  3: Materials Research Lahoratory Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 16802.; Source Info: 1/26/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 4, p577; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: ELECTRIC capacity; Subject Term: ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1643546
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liao, X. Z.
AU  - Zhao, Y. H.
AU  - Srinivasan, S. G.
AU  - Zhu, Y. T.
AU  - Vallev, R. Z.
AU  - Gunderov, D. V.
T1  - Deformation twinning in nanocrystalline copper at room temperature and low strain rate.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 84
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 592
EP  - 594
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The grain-size effect on deformation twinning in nanocrystalline copper is studied. It has been reported that deformation twinning in coarse-grained copper occurs only under high strain rate and/or low-temperature conditions. Furthermore, reducing grain sizes has been shown to suppress deformation twinning. Here, we show that twinning becomes a major deformation mechanism in nanocrystalline copper during high-pressure torsion under a very slow strain rate and at room temperature. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy investigation of the twinning morphology suggests that many twins and stacking faults in nanocrystalline copper were formed through partial dislocation emissions from grain boundaries. This mechanism differs from the pole mechanism operating in coarse-grained copper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - METAL crystals -- Growth
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 12020873; Liao, X. Z. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Zhao, Y. H. 1 Srinivasan, S. G. 1 Zhu, Y. T. 1 Vallev, R. Z. 2 Gunderov, D. V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials Science and Technology Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University K. Marksa 12, Ufa 450000, Russian Federation.; Source Info: 1/26/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 4, p592; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Subject Term: METAL crystals -- Growth; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644051
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12020873&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caturla, M.-J.
AU  - Nieh, T. G.
AU  - Stolken, J. S.
T1  - Differences in deformation processes in nanocrystalline nickel with low- and high-angle boundaries from atomistic simulations.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 84
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 598
EP  - 600
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Molecular dynamics simulations show significant differences in the deformation mechanisms of nanocrystalline nickel with low- and high-angle boundaries. For the case studied with average grain size of 12 nm, low-angle boundaries present enhanced dislocation activity and reduced strength with respect to high-angle boundaries for low strains. In the latter, most of the deformation is accommodated at the grain boundaries with limited dislocation activity, while in the case of low-angle boundaries, most of the displacements observed are associated with the motion of partial dislocations nucleated at the grain boundaries. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - METAL crystals -- Growth
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12020871; Caturla, M.-J. 1; Email Address: mj.caturla@ua.cs Nieh, T. G. 2 Stolken, J. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dept. Fisica Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: 1/26/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 4, p598; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: METAL crystals -- Growth; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640464
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haber, Louis H.
AU  - Husband, John
AU  - Plenge, Jürgen
AU  - Leone, Stephen R.
T1  - Mobility of t-C4H9+ in polar and nonpolar atmospheric gases
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 384
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The reduced zero-field mobilities of t-C4H9+ drifting in He, N2, O2 and H2O are measured by ion depletion arrival time analysis to be 14.8 ± 0.6, 3.7 ± 0.8, 3.3 ± 0.8 and 0.04 ± 0.02 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. The mobilities are relatively constant with varying drift fields in the three nonpolar gases, but increase significantly with increasing drift field in water vapor, demonstrating the large difference between polar and nonpolar interaction potentials on the mobility of t-C4H9+. The results are compared to locked–dipole calculations. The relevance towards better modeling of hypersonic combustion and ion-injection processes is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - HYPERSONIC aerodynamics
KW  - EXCHANGE reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11958822; Haber, Louis H. 1 Husband, John 1 Plenge, Jürgen 1 Leone, Stephen R.; Email Address: srl@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 384 Issue 4-6, p219; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: HYPERSONIC aerodynamics; Subject Term: EXCHANGE reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.11.111
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ball, P.J.
AU  - Shtoyko, Tanya Rarog
AU  - Bauer, Jeanette A. Krause
AU  - Oldham, Warren J.
AU  - Connick, William B.
T1  - Binuclear Rhenium(I) Complexes with Bridging [2.2]Paracyclophane-Diimine Ligands: Probing Electronic Coupling through π-π Interactions.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 622
EP  - 632
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Two pseudo-para substituted bis-diimino[2.2]paracyclophane ligands (4,16-bis(picolinaldimine)-[2.2]paracyclophane (BPPc) and 4,16-bis(methyl-picolinaldimine)-[2.2]paracyclophane (BmPPc)) were prepared by the condensation reaction of the appropriate picolinaldimine with 4,16-diamino-[2.2]paracyclophane (2). An improved synthesis of 2 from [2.2]paracyclophane also is reported. BPPc (3a): monoclinic, P21/c, a = 8.2238(11) Å, b = 15.336(2) Å, c = 8.4532(11) Å, β = 98.578(3)°, V = 1054.2(2) ų, Z = 2. To investigate the binding properties of the bisdiimino[2.2]paracyclophane ligands, binuclear rhenium(I) tricarbonyl chloride complexes [Re(CO)3CI]2(μ-BPPc) (5a) and [Re(CO)3CI]2(μ-BmPPc) (5b) were prepared and fully characterized by infrared spectroscopy, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Two model complexes, Re(tolyl-pyCa)(CO)3CI (4) (tolyl-pyCa = N-(p-tolyl)-2-pyrodinecarboxaldimine) and [Re(CO)3CI]2(μ-PBP) (6) (PBP = p-phenylenebis(picolinaldimine)), also are reported. The dimeric compounds 5 and 6 each undergo two one-electron, predominantly diimine-centered reduction processes. Spectroscopic data and comproportionation constants (5a, 23 ± 9; 5b, 23 ± 9; 6, 2750 ± 540) are consistent with relatively weak interactions between the diimine groups mediated by the paracyclophane bridging group, and these results are consistent with steric and electronic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHENIUM
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - CONDENSATION
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13585115; Ball, P.J. 1 Shtoyko, Tanya Rarog 1 Bauer, Jeanette A. Krause 1 Oldham, Warren J. 2 Connick, William B. 1; Email Address: bill.connick@uc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172  2: Chemistry Division, MS J-514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1/26/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p622; Subject Term: RHENIUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: CONDENSATION; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic0348648
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harmjanz, Michael
AU  - Piglosiewicz, Ingmar M.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Burns, Carol J.
T1  - Generation of Spirotricyclic Site-Differentiated Cyclotriphosphazenes: A Solvent-Free Approach to Multidentate N/O Donor Ligand Systems.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 642
EP  - 650
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Cyclotriphosphazene-based ligand systems are valuable materials to model the metal-binding event on the structurally and electronically related functionalized high molecular weight polyphosphazenes. We here report the facile synthesis of novel spirotricyclic cyclotriphosphazenes N3P3(MeNC2H4NMe)2L2, N3P3(/PrNC2H4M/Pr)2L2, and N3P3(o-O2C12H8)2L2 that enables different substituents to be incorporated into the ligand system. This synthetic approach allows for control over the solubility and steric requirements of the exocyclic bidentate substituents, as well as the donor type and denticity of the coordination sites. A mononuclear lanthanum complex ([La(NO3)3{N3P3(pzpy)2(UeNC2H4Nrvle)2}] (7)) and a sedes of dinuclear transition-metal complexes ([{ReCl(CO)3}2{N3P3(pyNH)2(MeNC2H4NMe)2}] {N3P3(pyNH)2(MeNC2H4NMe)2}] (5), and [{PdCl2}2{N3P3(pyNH)2(MeNC2H4NMe)2}] (4), [{Fel2}<sub have been prepared and structurally and spectroscopically characterized to explore the metal coordination environments supported by this class of ligands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - SOLUBILITY
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
KW  - CRYOSCOPY
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13585117; Harmjanz, Michael 1; Email Address: mharm@lanl.gov Piglosiewicz, Ingmar M. 1 Scott, Brian L. 1 Burns, Carol J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J514, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 1/26/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p642; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: SOLUBILITY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR weights; Subject Term: CRYOSCOPY; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic034990b
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semkova, V.
AU  - Avrigeanu, V.
AU  - Glodariu, T.
AU  - Koning, A.J.
AU  - Plompen, A.J.M.
AU  - Smith, D.L.
AU  - Sudár, S.
T1  - A systematic investigation of reaction cross sections and isomer ratios for neutrons up to 20 MeV on Ni-isotopes and 59Co by measurements with the activation technique and new model studies of the underlying reaction mechanisms
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 730
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Results of new cross section measurements are presented for the following neutron-induced reactions: 58Ni(n, p)<f>58m+gCo</f>, 58Ni(n, p)58mCo, 58Ni(n, x)57Co, 58Ni(n, 2n)57Ni, 60Ni(n, p)<f>60m+gCo</f>, 60Ni(n, p)60mCo, 61Ni(n, p)61Co, 61Ni(n, x)60mCo, 62Ni(n, x)61Co, and 59Co(n, 2n)<f>58m+gCo</f> with emphasis on incident energies between 14 and 20 MeV. In addition, new results have been obtained for the isomer ratios of the 58Ni(n, p)<f>58m+gCo</f>, the 60Ni(n, p)<f>60m+gCo</f> and 59Co(n, 2n)<f>58m+gCo</f> reactions.Detailed model calculations were undertaken to study the systematics of <f>(n,xp)</f> reactions on Ni isotopes and the use of the measured isomer ratios for the determination of the effective moment of inertia in the level density expression. Good overall agreement was obtained and, in particular, the case of the 58Ni target isotope now shows a complete physically consistent database that is ideal to test model calculations. The difference in spin between isomer and ground state of <f>ΔJ=3</f> for the 58Co and 60Co residual nuclei results in a sensitivity to the spin dependence of the level density in these nuclei. However, at present, measurement uncertainties and uncertainties associated with the decay schemes preclude a definitive conclusion about the appropriate value of the effective moment of inertia. A comparison was made between a locally optimized parameter set based on all available data and a global approach. This approach allowed to identify where problems with the global approach can be expected. The locally optimized parameter set includes for the first time gamma-ray strength-functions based on an improved systematics of the gamma-ray widths. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - COBALT
KW  - Cobalt
KW  - Model calculations
KW  - Neutron activation cross section measurements
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Nuclear reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11769764; Semkova, V. 1,2 Avrigeanu, V. 2,3 Glodariu, T. 3 Koning, A.J. 4 Plompen, A.J.M. 2; Email Address: arjan.plompen@irmm.jrc.be Smith, D.L. 5 Sudár, S. 6; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria  2: European Commission, Joint Research Center, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium  3: “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, P.O. Box MG-6, 76900 Bucharest, Romania  4: Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group NRG, P.O. Box 25, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands  5: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  6: Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Debrecen, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 730 Issue 3/4, p255; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: COBALT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron activation cross section measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11769764&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kharzeev, Dmitri
AU  - Levin, Eugene
AU  - Nardi, Marzia
T1  - QCD saturation and deuteron–nucleus collisions
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 730
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 448
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We make quantitative predictions for the rapidity and centrality dependencies of hadron multiplicities in <f>dA</f> collisions at RHIC basing on the ideas of parton saturation in the color glass condensate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11769774; Kharzeev, Dmitri 1; Email Address: kharzeev@bnl.gov Levin, Eugene 2,3 Nardi, Marzia 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: HEP Department, School of Physics, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel  3: DESY Theory Group, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany  4: Dipartimento di Fisica Teorica dell'Università di Torino and INFN, Sezione di Torino, via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 730 Issue 3/4, p448; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.08.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Landry, James W.
AU  - Grest, Gary S.
AU  - Plimpton, Steven J.
T1  - Discrete element simulations of stress distributions in silos: crossover from two to three dimensions
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 139
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 00325910
AB  - The transition from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) granular packings is studied using large-scale discrete element computer simulations. We focus on vertical stress profiles and examine how they change with dimensionality. We compare results for packings in 2D, quasi-2D packings between flat plates, and 3D packings. Analysis of these packings suggests that the Janssen theory does not fully describe these packings, especially at the top of the piles, where a hydrostaticlike region of vertical stress is visible in all cases. We find that the interior of the packing is far from incipient failure, while, in general, the forces at the walls are close to incipient failure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - DISCRETE-time systems
KW  - SPIN glasses
KW  - ISOSTATIC pressing
KW  - Ground states
KW  - Polynomial-time
KW  - Spin glass
KW  - Two-dimensional
N1  - Accession Number: 12308964; Landry, James W.; Email Address: jwlandr@sandia.gov Grest, Gary S. 1 Plimpton, Steven J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Org 0114, Mail Stop 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 139 Issue 3, p233; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: DISCRETE-time systems; Subject Term: SPIN glasses; Subject Term: ISOSTATIC pressing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ground states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polynomial-time; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-dimensional; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.powtec.2003.10.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petkov, V.
AU  - Qadir, D.
AU  - Shastri, S.D.
T1  - Rapid structure determination of disordered materials: study of GeSe2 glass
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/01/26/
VL  - 129
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
SN  - 00381098
AB  - X-ray diffraction experiments on GeSe2 glass employing an Imaging Plate detector system have been carried out and their performance compared to that of traditional experiments employing point-type detectors. Imaging Plate detectors have been found to perform very well delivering good quality data for just a second. The analysis of the experimental data shows that the atomic ordering in GeSe2 glass bears many of the characteristics of a random network of Ge–Se4 tetrahedra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - GERMANIUM compounds
KW  - A. GeSe2
KW  - C. Glass structure
KW  - C. X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 11571742; Petkov, V. 1; Email Address: petkov@phy.cmich.edu Qadir, D. 1 Shastri, S.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Dow 203, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 129 Issue 4, p239; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: GERMANIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. GeSe2; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Glass structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.10.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibson, John K.
AU  - Haire, Richard G.
T1  - Ternary gas-phase plutonium oxide cluster ions, MXPuYOZ+: exploring the oxidation behavior of Pu
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/01/28/
VL  - 363
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 09258388
AB  - Fundamental aspects of the oxidation chemistry of plutonium have been explored by investigating small ternary oxide clusters, MaXPuYOZ+, where <F>X+Y≤3</F> and <F>1≤Z≤7</F>. The metals, Ma, that were combined with plutonium to synthesize oxide cluster ions were cerium, lanthanum, uranium, strontium, and zirconium. The compositions and abundances of the clusters formed are interpreted in the context of the relative oxidation state stabilities of the constituent metals, and comparison is made between the gas-phase clusters and solid state oxides. Plutonium combined readily with cerium and uranium to form ternary oxide clusters; this reflects the redox compatibility of plutonium with these two elements and is reminiscent of their solid state behaviors. Although smaller quantities of LaXPuYOZ+, SrXPuYOZ+, and ZrXPuYOZ+ clusters were formed, their compositions and abundances revealed the relative redox characteristics of the metal pairs, La/Pu, Sr/Pu and Zr/Pu. It was possible to assign confidently oxidation states to the component metals for several oxide clusters. Our results demonstrate the value of elementary clusters for elucidating plutonium chemistry, and extending the fundamental understanding of the chemical nature of its materials chemistry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM compounds
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - TERNARY phase diagrams
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - Clusters
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Plutonium oxidation
KW  - Plutonium oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 11608589; Gibson, John K.; Email Address: gibsonjk@ornl.gov Haire, Richard G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 5505, MS-6375, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 363 Issue 1/2, p115; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM compounds; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: TERNARY phase diagrams; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium oxides; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00458-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petruska, Melissa A.
AU  - Bartko, Andrew P.
AU  - Klimov, Victor I.
T1  - An Amphiphilic Approach to Nanocrystal Quantum Dot--Titania Nanocomposites.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/28/
VL  - 126
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 714
EP  - 715
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents an amphiphilic approach to nanocrystal quantum dot-titania nanocomposites. Nanocrystal quantum dots (NQDs) have received considerable attention for their size-tunable optical and electronic properties. The most successful method to realize the potential of NQDs as the active medium in optical devices, utilizes a ligand-exchange approach to integrate NQDs into a titania network. The nanocomposite materials are extremely stable, have excellent optical quality, and demonstrate strong nonlinear optical performance, amplified spontaneous emission, and lasing.
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 12330402; Petruska, Melissa A. 1 Bartko, Andrew P. 1 Klimov, Victor I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 1/28/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p714; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixon, David A.
AU  - Feller, David
AU  - Christe, Karl O.
AU  - Wilson, William W.
AU  - Vij, Ashwani
AU  - Vij, Vandana
AU  - Jenkins, H. Donald Brooke
AU  - Olson, Ryan M.
AU  - Gordon, Mark S.
T1  - Enthalpies of Formation of Gas-Phase N3, N3-,, N[sup+, sub5], and N[sup-, sub5] from Ab Initio Molecular Orbital Theory, Stability Predictions for N[sup+, sub5]N[sup-, sub3]...
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/28/
VL  - 126
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 834
EP  - 843
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Ab initio molecular orbital theory has been used to calculate accurate enthalpies of formation and adiabatic electron affinities or ionization potentials for N[sub3], N[sub3]-, N[sub5]+, and N[sub5]- from total atomization energies. The calculated heats of formation of the gas-phase molecules/ions at 0 K are δ-H[subf](N[sub3]([sup2]&pie;)) = 109.2, δ-H[subf](N[sub3]-([sub1]&radic[sup+])) = 47.4, DeltaH[subf](N[sub5]-([sup1]A[sub1])) = 62.3, and δ-H[subf](N[sub5]+([sup1]A[sub1])) = 353.3 kcal/mol with an estimated error bar of ±1 kcal/mol. For comparison purposes, the error in the calculated bond energy for N[sub2] is 0.72 kcal/mol. Born-Haber cycle calculations, using estimated lattice energies and the adiabatic ionization potentials of the anions and electron affinities of the cations, enable reliable stability predictions for the hypothetical N[sub5]+N[sub3]- and N[sub5]-N salts. The calculations show that neither salt can be stabilized and that both should decompose spontaneously into N[sub3] radicals and N[sub2]. This conclusion was experimentally confirmed for the NCN3 salt by low-temperature metathetical reactions between N[sub5]SbF[sub6] and alkali metal azides in different solvents, resulting in violent reactions with spontaneous nitrogen evolution. It is emphasized that one needs to use adiabatic ionization potentials and electron affinities instead of vertical potentials and affinities for salt stability predictions when the formed radicals are not vibrationally stable. This is the case for the N[sub5] radicals where the energy difference between vertical and adiabatic potentials amounts to about 100 kcal/mol per N[sub5]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - POLYAMINES
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12330425; Dixon, David A. 1 Feller, David 1 Christe, Karl O. 2,3 Wilson, William W. 2 Vij, Ashwani 2 Vij, Vandana 2 Jenkins, H. Donald Brooke 4 Olson, Ryan M. 5 Gordon, Mark S. 5; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division and Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Edwards Air Force Base, California 93524.  3: Loker Hydro-carbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089.  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, West Midlands, U.K.  5: Department of Chemistry, Spedding Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 1/28/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p834; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: POLYAMINES; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin Yang
AU  - You-Jun Fu, Osamu
AU  - Xue-Bin Wang
AU  - Slavíček, Petr
AU  - Mucha, Martin
AU  - Jungwirth, Pavel
AU  - Lai-Sheng Wang
T1  - Solvent-Mediated Folding of a Doubly Charged Anion.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/28/
VL  - 126
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 876
EP  - 883
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The microsolvation of the suberate dianion, -O[sub2]C(CH[sub2])[sub6]CO[sub2]-, with two separate charge centers was studied by photoelectron spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation one solvent molecule at a time for up to 20 waters. It is shown that the two negative charges are solvated in the linear suberate alternately. As the solvent number increases, the negative charges are screened and a conformation change occurs at 16 waters, where the cooperative hydrogen bonding of water is large enough to overcome the Coulomb repulsion and pull the two negative charges closer through a water bridge. This conformation change, revealed both from the experiment and from the simulation, is a manifestation of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic forces at the molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - WATER
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12330430; Xin Yang 1,2 You-Jun Fu, Osamu 1,2 Xue-Bin Wang 1,2 Slavíček, Petr 3 Mucha, Martin 3 Jungwirth, Pavel 3 Lai-Sheng Wang 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.  3: J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic and Center for Complex Molecular Systems and Biomolecules, Dolejskova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic.; Source Info: 1/28/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p876; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poskrebyshev, Gregory A.
AU  - Shafirovich, Vladimir
AU  - Lymar, Sergei V.
T1  - Hyponitrite Radical, a Stable Adduct of Nitric Oxide and Nitroxyl.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/01/28/
VL  - 126
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 891
EP  - 899
SN  - 00027863
AB  - All major properties of the aqueous hyponitrite radicals (ONNO[sup-] and ONNOH), the adducts of nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl ([sup3]NO[sup-] and [sup1]HNO), are revised. In this work, the radicals are produced by oxidation of various hyponitrite species in the 2-14 pH range with the OH, N[sub3], or SO[sup-,sub4] radicals. The estimated rate constants with OH are 4 × 10[sup7], 4.2 × 10[sup9], and 8.8 ×10[sup9] M[sup-1] s[sup-1] for oxidations of HONNOH, HONNO[sup-], and ONNO[sup2-], respectively. The rate constants for N[sub3] + ONNO[sup2-] and SO[sup-,sub4]] + HONNO[sup-] are 1.1 × 10[sup9] and 6.4 × 10[sup8] M[sup-1] s[sup-1], respectively. The ONNO[sup-] radical exhibits a strong characteristic absorption spectrum with maxima at 280 and 420 nm (&epsiv;[sub280] = 7.6 × 10[sup3] and &epsiv;[sub420] = 1.2 × 10[sup3] M[sup-1] cm[sup-1]). This spectrum differs drastically from those reported, suggesting the radical misassignment in prior work. The ONNOH radical is weakly acidic; its pK[suba] of 5.5 is obtained from the spectral changes with pH. Both ONNO[sup-] and ONNOH are shown to be over 3 orders of magnitude more stable with respect to elimination of NO than it has been suggested previously. The aqueous thermodynamic properties of ONNO[sup-] and ONNOH radicals are derived by means of the gas-phase ab initio calculations, justified estimates for ONNOH hydration, and its PK[suba]. The radicals are found to be both strongly oxidizing, E[supo] (ONNO[sup-]/ONNO[sup2-] = 0.96 V and E[supo]- (ONNOH, H[sup+]/HONNOH) = 1.75 V, and moderately reducing, E[supo](2NO/ONNO[sup-]) = -0.38 V and E[supo](2NO, H[sup+]/ONNOH) = -0.06 V, all vs NHE. Collectively, these properties make the hyponitrite radical an important intermediate in the aqueous redox chemistry leading to or originating from nitric oxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELIMINATION reactions
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 12330432; Poskrebyshev, Gregory A. 1 Shafirovich, Vladimir 2 Lymar, Sergei V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  2: Chemistry Department and Radiation and Solid State Laboratory, New York University, New York, New York 10003.; Source Info: 1/28/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p891; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELIMINATION reactions; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
T1  - New predictions for multiquark hadron masses
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/01/29/
VL  - 580
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 50
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The recent reported charmed-strange resonance at 2.32 GeV<f>/c</f> suggests a possible multiquark state. Three types of multiquark bound states are reviewed. A previous model-independent variational approach considers a tetraquark with two heavy antiquarks and two light quarks as a heavy antidiquark with the color field of a quark bound to the two light quarks with a wave function like that of a heavy baryon. Results indicate that a charmed-strange tetraquark <f>c¯s¯ud</f> or a bottom-strange tetraquark <f>b¯s¯ud</f> with this “baryionium-type” wave function is not bound, in contrast to “molecular-type” <f>D</f>–<f>K</f> and <f>B</f>–<f>K</f> wave functions. However, a charmed-bottom tetraquark <f>c¯b¯ud</f> might be bound with a very narrow weak decay mode. A “molecular-type” <f>D</f>–<f>B</f> state can have an interesting <f>Bcπ</f> decay with a high energy pion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - WAVE functions
N1  - Accession Number: 11769724; Lipkin, Harry J. 1,2,3; Email Address: lipkin@hep.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Particle Physics Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel  3: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 580 Issue 1/2, p50; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.117
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yantasee, Wassana
AU  - Lin, Yuehe
AU  - Fryxell, Glen E.
AU  - Busche, Brad J.
T1  - Simultaneous detection of cadmium, copper, and lead using a carbon paste electrode modified with carbamoylphosphonic acid self-assembled monolayer on mesoporous silica (SAMMS)
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 502
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
SN  - 00032670
AB  - A new sensor was developed for simultaneous detection of cadmium (Cd2+), copper (Cu2+), and lead (Pb2+), based on the voltammetric response at a carbon paste electrode modified with carbamoylphosphonic acid (acetamide phosphonic acid) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on mesoporous silica (Ac-Phos SAMMS). The adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) technique involves preconcentration of the metal ions onto Ac-Phos SAMMS under an open circuit, then electrolysis of the preconcentrated species, followed by a square wave potential sweep towards positive values. Factors affecting the preconcentration process were investigated. The voltammetric responses increased linearly with the preconcentration time from 1 to 30 min or with metal ion concentrations ranging from 10 to 200 ppb. The responses also evolved in the same fashion as adsorption isotherm in the pH range of 2–6. The metal detection limits were 10 ppb after 2 min preconcentration and improved to 0.5 ppb after 20 min preconcentration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CARBON electrodes
KW  - VOLTAMMETRY
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - Adsorptive stripping voltammetry
KW  - Carbamoylphosphonic acid
KW  - Carbon paste electrode
KW  - Chemically modified electrode
KW  - Self-assembled monolayer
N1  - Accession Number: 11731156; Yantasee, Wassana 1 Lin, Yuehe; Email Address: yuehe.lin@pnl.gov Fryxell, Glen E. 1 Busche, Brad J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Environmental Technology, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 502 Issue 2, p207; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CARBON electrodes; Subject Term: VOLTAMMETRY; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorptive stripping voltammetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbamoylphosphonic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon paste electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemically modified electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled monolayer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.aca.2003.10.001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tchikanda, S.W.
AU  - Nilson, R.H.
AU  - Griffiths, S.K.
T1  - Modeling of pressure and shear-driven flows in open rectangular microchannels
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 00179310
AB  - Analytical expressions are derived for the mean velocity of a liquid flowing in an open rectangular microchannel. Solutions are decomposed into additive components driven by pressure gradients and by shear stresses on the liquid/vapor interface. Speeds are computed numerically for meniscus contact angles ranging from 0° to 90°, arbitrary channel aspect ratios, and for wetting regimes ranging from liquid-full to nearly-dry corner flows. These numerical results are used to guide the development of several analytical expressions that apply in asymptotic limits of fluid depth and contact angle. The resulting asymptotes are then blended analytically to obtain relatively simple, accurate, and comprehensive expressions for the mean velocity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - VAPOR-liquid equilibrium
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Fluid friction
KW  - Heat pipes
KW  - Microchannel flow
N1  - Accession Number: 11151393; Tchikanda, S.W.; Email Address: swtchik@sandia.gov Nilson, R.H. 1 Griffiths, S.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fluid/Thermal Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 47 Issue 3, p527; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: VAPOR-liquid equilibrium; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat pipes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microchannel flow; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2003.03.001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sukumar, Narayanasami
AU  - Dewanti, Asteriani R.
AU  - Mitra, Bharati
AU  - Mathews, F. Scott
T1  - High Resolution Structures of an Oxidized and Reduced Flavoprotein.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 279
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 3749
EP  - 3757
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The crystal structures of a soluble mutant of the flavoenzyme mandelate dehydrogenase (MDH) from Pseudomonas putida and of the substrate-reduced enzyme have been analyzed at 1.35-Å resolution. The mutant (MDH-GOX2) is a fully active chimeric enzyme in which residues 177-215 of the membrane-bound MDH are replaced by residues 176-195 of glycolate oxidase from spinach. Both structures permit full tracing of the polypeptide backbone chain from residues 4-356, including a 4-residue segment that was disordered in an earlier study of the oxidized protein at 2.15 Å resolution. The structures of MDH-GOX2 in the oxidized and reduced states are virtually identical with only a slight increase in the bending angle of the flavin ring upon reduction. The only other structural changes within the protein interior are a 10° rotation of an active site tyrosine side chain, the loss of an active site water, and a significant movement of six other water molecules in the active site by 0.45 to 0.78 Å. Consistent with solution studies, there is no apparent binding of either the substrate, mandelate, or the oxidation product, benzoylformate, to the reduced enzyme. The observed structural changes upon enzyme reduction have been interpreted as a rearrangement of the hydrogen bonding pattern within the active site that results from binding of a proton to the N-5 position of the anionic hydroquinone form of the reduced flavin prosthetic group. Implications for the low oxidase activity of the reduced enzyme are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLAVOPROTEINS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12354798; Sukumar, Narayanasami 1,2 Dewanti, Asteriani R. 3 Mitra, Bharati 3 Mathews, F. Scott 1; Email Address: mathews@biochem.wustl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine  2: Argonne National Laboratory  3: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Source Info: 1/30/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 5, p3749; Subject Term: FLAVOPROTEINS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 10 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M310049200
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savina, Michael R.
AU  - Davis, Andrew M.
AU  - Tripa, C. Emil
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
AU  - Gallino, Roberte
AU  - Lewis, Roy S.
AU  - Amari, Sachiko
T1  - Extinct Technetium in Silicon Carbide Stardust Grains:Implications for Stellar Nucleosynthesis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5658
M3  - Article
SP  - 649
EP  - 652
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The isotopic composition of ruthenium (Ru) in individual presolar silicon carbide (SiC) stardust grains bears the signature of s-process nucleosynthesis in asymptotic giant branch stars, plus an anomaly in "Ru that is explained by the in situ decay of technetium isotope [sup99]Tc in the grains. This finding, coupled with the observation of Tc spectral lines in certain stars, shows that the majority of presolar SiC grains come from low-mass asymptotic giant branch stars, and that the amount of "Tc produced in such stars is insufficient to have left a detectable [sup99]Ru anomaly in early solar system materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
KW  - TECHNETIUM isotopes
KW  - STARS
KW  - SOLAR system
N1  - Accession Number: 12256056; Savina, Michael R. 1; Email Address: msavina@anl.gov Davis, Andrew M. 2,3 Tripa, C. Emil 1,2 Pellin, Michael J. 1 Gallino, Roberte 4 Lewis, Roy S. 2 Amari, Sachiko 5; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.  3: Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.  4: Dipartimento di Fisica Generale, Universit&eagrave; di Torino and Sezione INFN di Torino, 1-10125 Torino, Italy.  5: Laboratory for Space Sciences and Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.; Source Info: 1/30/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5658, p649; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: TECHNETIUM isotopes; Subject Term: STARS; Subject Term: SOLAR system; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3136
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuo, I-Feng W.
AU  - Mundy, Christopher J.
T1  - An ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study of the AqueousLiquid-Vapor Interface.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5658
M3  - Article
SP  - 658
EP  - 660
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We present an ab initio molecular dynamics simulation of the aqueous liquidvapor interface. Having successfully stabilized a region of bulk water in the center of a water slab, we were able to reproduce and further quantify the experimentally observed abundance of surface "acceptor-only" (19%) and "single-donor" (66%) moieties as well as substantial surface relaxation approaching the liquid-vapor interface. Examination of the orientational dynamics points to a faster relaxation in the interfacial region. Furthermore, the average value of the dipole decreases and the average value of the highest occupied molecular orbital for each water molecule increases approaching the liquidvapor interface. Our results support the idea that the surface contains, on average, far more reactive states than the bulk. Although the nature of bulk liquid water itself remains incompletely understood, there is a more pressing need to characterize water in more complex environments. In particular, the interfaces between liquid water and hydrophobic material or air engender important phenomena in biology (1-5) and atmospheric science (6, 7), respectively. These two interfaces seem to have much in common (7), and both are currently the subject of intense scrutiny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - VAPOR-liquid equilibrium
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - WATER
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12256059; Kuo, I-Feng W. 1 Mundy, Christopher J. 1; Email Address: mundy2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Chemical Biology, Chemistry and Materials Science L-091, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 1/30/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5658, p658; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: VAPOR-liquid equilibrium; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2835
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brosha, Eric L.
AU  - Mukundan, Rangachary
AU  - Brown, David R.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
AU  - Lujan, Roger
AU  - Garzon, Fernando H.
T1  - Techniques for the thin film growth of La1−xSrxCrO3 for solid state ionic devices
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 166
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Thin films of LaCrO3 and La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 were prepared using RF magnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The films were prepared from both oxide targets and from targets consisting of Cr metal and lanthanum and strontium fluorides. Subsequent anneal of the fluoride/metal composite films in humidified Ar produced an oxide film. Direct growth of the perovskite from oxide targets via sputtering was usually accompanied by second phases with Cr in valance states higher than 3+. Single-phase La–Sr–Cr–O films could not be prepared from a single oxide target electron beam evaporation. However, thick, stoichiometric films were prepared at 400 °C using an electron beam/thermal evaporation dual source method but inconsistently. Single-phase lanthanum chromate films, based on the limited results obtained in this work, could not be prepared using PLD from either oxide or fluoride precursors under conditions similar to those used in the other techniques. However, films prepared by the intermediate fluoride process via off-axis RF magnetron sputtering process produced high quality thin films with density, microstructure and phase purity very similar to bulk La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 using a film growth temperature as low as ambient (Tsub<100 °C). The deposition rate was typically low at approximately 1500 A˚/h. SEM analysis showed that the morphology of films produced via fluoride sputtering was nearly identical to bulk La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 prepared by sintering ceramic powders at 1650 °C in air and, based on previous work, should be suitable for mixed potential sensor applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Lanthanum strontium chromate
KW  - Mixed potential
KW  - Oxide thin films
KW  - Sensors
N1  - Accession Number: 12379529; Brosha, Eric L. 1; Email Address: brosha@lanl.gov Mukundan, Rangachary 1 Brown, David R. 1 Jia, Q.X. 2 Lujan, Roger 1 Garzon, Fernando H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Electronic and Electrochemical Materials and Devices Group, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 166 Issue 3/4, p425; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum strontium chromate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxide thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensors; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.013
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, J.H.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Basu, A.
AU  - Lu, Z.G.
AU  - Paranthaman, M.
AU  - Lee, D.F.
AU  - Payzant, E.A.
T1  - LaCrO3-based coatings on ferritic stainless steel for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect applications
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 177-178
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 02578972
AB  - A thin layer of doped lanthanum chromite on ferritic steel may act as a protective coating to mitigate the Cr volatility problems and facilitate the use of metallic interconnect in solid oxide fuel cells operated at intermediate temperatures. In this paper, the LaCrO3 thin film was successfully synthesized on a ferritic stainless steel substrate by two approaches, i.e. reactive formation and sol–gel processing. The coating structures and surface morphologies were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. After isothermal oxidation at 850 °C for 100 h in air, the electrical resistance of the sol–gel coated samples remained very low, as compared to that of the uncoated sample after similar thermal exposure. The sol–gel coating also provided effective protection for the interconnect steel during oxidation of twelve 100-h cycles at 800 °C in air, whereas significant spallation and weight loss were observed for the uncoated steel. The two coating processes (i.e. reactive formation and sol–gel processing) were compared and their advantages and drawbacks were outlined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - LANTHANUM compounds
KW  - CHROMITE
KW  - STEEL
KW  - Ferritic stainless steel
KW  - Sol–gel processing
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cell
N1  - Accession Number: 12239917; Zhu, J.H. 1; Email Address: jzhu@tntech.edu Zhang, Y. 1 Basu, A. 1 Lu, Z.G. 1 Paranthaman, M. 2 Lee, D.F. 3 Payzant, E.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Box 5014, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 177-178, p65; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: LANTHANUM compounds; Subject Term: CHROMITE; Subject Term: STEEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferritic stainless steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cell; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.05.003
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Youchison, D.L.
AU  - Gallis, M.A.
AU  - Nygren, R.E.
AU  - McDonald, J.M.
AU  - Lutz, T.J.
T1  - Effects of ion beam assisted deposition, beam sharing and pivoting in EB-PVD processing of graded thermal barrier coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 177-178
M3  - Article
SP  - 158
SN  - 02578972
AB  - The development of advanced thermal barrier coatings of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) that exhibit lower thermal conductivity through better control of electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) processing is of prime interest to both the aerospace and power industries. Recently, processing technology was developed to create graded TBCs by coupling ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) with substrate pivoting in the alumina-YSZ system. The Electron Beam-1200 kW (EB-1200) PVD system was used to deposit a variety of TBC coatings with micron layered microstructures and reduced thermal conductivity of 1.5 W/mK. The use of IBAD produced fully stoichiometric coatings at a reduced substrate temperature of 600 °C and a reduced oxygen background pressure of 0.1 Pa. In addition to the process technology, the results of Direct Simulation Monte Carlo plume modeling and spectroscopic characterization of the PVD plumes are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - AERODYNAMIC heating
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - YTTRIUM
KW  - Electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD)
KW  - Ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD)
KW  - Thermal barrier coatings
N1  - Accession Number: 12239930; Youchison, D.L.; Email Address: dlyouch@sandia.gov Gallis, M.A. 1 Nygren, R.E. 1 McDonald, J.M. 1 Lutz, T.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-1129, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1129, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 177-178, p158; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: AERODYNAMIC heating; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: YTTRIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal barrier coatings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.05.002
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X.D.
AU  - Meng, W.J.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Rehn, L.E.
AU  - Baldo, P.M.
AU  - Evans, R.D.
T1  - Temperature dependence of structure and mechanical properties of Ti–Si–N coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 177-178
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Characterization of structure and mechanical properties of Ti–Si–N coatings deposited by a high-density plasma assisted vapor deposition technique at ∼250 °C was carried out and compared to Ti–Si–N coatings deposited at ∼700 °C. The nanoscale structure of Ti–Si–N coatings was probed by combining transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The structural characterizations showed that the present Ti–Si–N coatings consists of nanocolumnar B1-TiN grains interdispersed within an amorphous silicon nitride (a-Si:N) matrix, independent of the deposition temperature. Significant Ti atom dissolution within the a-Si:N matrix was observed, and increasing the deposition temperature from ∼250 to ∼700 °C decreases the Ti dissolution limit. The influence of the extent of the TiN/a-Si:N phase separation on the mechanical properties of Ti–Si–N coatings is probed by instrumented nanoindentation. The extent of phase separation was found to significantly influence the mechanical properties, with the hardness of Ti–Si–N coating deposited at ∼700 °C reaching ∼40 GPa. The present results illustrate the sensitivity of mechanical properties of ceramic nanocomposite coatings on the detailed nanoscale structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - Deposition temperature dependent nanostructure
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Ti–Si–N coatings
N1  - Accession Number: 12239957; Zhang, X.D. 1 Meng, W.J. 1; Email Address: wmeng@me.lsu.edu Wang, W. 1 Rehn, L.E. 2 Baldo, P.M. 2 Evans, R.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical Engineering Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Timken Research, The Timken Company, Canton, OH 44706, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 177-178, p325; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deposition temperature dependent nanostructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti–Si–N coatings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.09.043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rao, Nageswara S.V.
T1  - Probabilistic quickest path algorithm
JO  - Theoretical Computer Science
JF  - Theoretical Computer Science
Y1  - 2004/01/30/
VL  - 312
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 03043975
AB  - Due to the increasing role of quickest paths for on-demand routing in computer networks, it is important to compute them faster, perhaps, by trading-off the quality for computational speed. We consider the computation of a quickest path from a source node to a destination node for a given message size in a network with <f>n</f> nodes and <f>m</f> links each of which is specified by bandwidth and delay. Every known quickest path algorithm computes <f>m</f> shortest paths either directly or indirectly, and this step contributes to most of its computational complexity which is generally of the form <f>O(m2+mn log n)</f>. We present a probabilistic quickest path algorithm that computes an approximate quickest path with time complexity <f>O(pm+pn log n)</f> by randomly selecting <f>p&les;m</f> bandwidths at which the shortest paths are computed. We show that the delay of the computed path is close to optimal with a high probability that approaches 1 exponentially fast with respect to <f>p/m</f>. Simulation results indicate that this algorithm computes the optimal quickest paths with <f>p/m<0.1</f> for almost all randomly generated networks with <f>n>40</f>. We also present an algorithm to compute the path-table consisting of these approximate quickest paths with the same time complexity of <f>O(pm+pn log n)</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical Computer Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATH analysis (Statistics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - Approximate quickest path
KW  - Path-table
KW  - Probabilistic algorithms
KW  - Quickest path
N1  - Accession Number: 11884120; Rao, Nageswara S.V. 1; Email Address: raons@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Intelligent System Section, Center for Engineering Systems, Advance Research, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6364, USA; Source Info: Jan2004, Vol. 312 Issue 2/3, p189; Subject Term: PATH analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Approximate quickest path; Author-Supplied Keyword: Path-table; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quickest path; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tcs.2003.08.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, B. Leif
AU  - Langan, Paul
AU  - Katz, Amy K.
AU  - Xinmin Li
AU  - Harp, Joel M.
AU  - Glusker, Jenny P.
AU  - Schoenborn, Benno P.
AU  - Bunick, Gerard J.
T1  - A preliminary time-of-flight neutron diffraction study of Streptomyces rubiginosus δ-xylose isomerase.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 60
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
EP  - 249
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Presents a preliminary time-of-flight neutron diffraction study of Streptomyces rubiginosus D-xylose isomerase.  Success of the initial diffraction experiments with D-xylose isomerase demonstrating the power of spallation neutrons for protein crystallography; Need for further data to be measured from the enzyme with bound substrates and inhibitors.
KW  - ISOMERASES
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - STREPTOMYCES
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 12265994; Hanson, B. Leif 1 Langan, Paul 2 Katz, Amy K. 3 Xinmin Li 2 Harp, Joel M. 1 Glusker, Jenny P. 3 Schoenborn, Benno P. 2 Bunick, Gerard J. 4; Email Address: gjbunick@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA  3: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA USA  4: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 60 Issue 2, p241; Subject Term: ISOMERASES; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: STREPTOMYCES; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: ATOMS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/s0907444903025873
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Lichtner, Peter C.
T1  - Comment on “Coupled reactive mass transport and fluid flow: issues in model verification” by Freedman and Ibaraki
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 203
SN  - 03091708
N1  - Accession Number: 12169392; Lichtner, Peter C. 1; Email Address: lichtner@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, SM-30 Bikini Atoll Road, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 27 Issue 2, p203; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2003.11.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kubo, Tomoaki
AU  - Ohtani, Eiji
AU  - Funakoshi, Ken-ichi
T1  - Nucleation and growth kinetics of the α-β transformation in Mg[sub2]SiO[sub4] determined by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb/Mar2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 293
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - The kinetics of the α-β transformation in Mg[sub2]SiO[sub4] was studied by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) at nine pressure-temperature conditions in the ranges 13.4-15.8 GPa and 850-1100 °C. The transformation from olivine occurred by grain-boundary nucleation and interface-controlled growth mechanisms. Infrared analysis of the recovered samples indicates that a small amount of water, 750 ± 100 ppm by weight, was present in the samples although the experiments were carried out under nominally dry conditions. Nucleation and growth rates were determined by fitting the rate equation for the grain-boundary nucleated transformation to the kinetic data. The activation energy and activation volume for growth were estimated to be 348 (137) kJ/mol and 1.7 (4.5) cm³/mol, respectively. The growth kinetics determined in this study bear upon the field of metastable olivine in the subducting slab as the water contents of samples studied are well known. Nucleation rates were estimated to be relatively large, even at small overpressure conditions, which is consistent with the small activation energy for nucleation derived in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - LIGHT metals
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12750176; Kubo, Tomoaki 1,2; Email Address: kubo2@11n1.gov Ohtani, Eiji 1 Funakoshi, Ken-ichi 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Mineralogy, Petrology, and Economic Geology, Graduate school of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California, USA  3: Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; Source Info: Feb/Mar2004, Vol. 89 Issue 2/3, p285; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: LIGHT metals; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Sheng-Nian
AU  - Tschauner, Oliver
AU  - Asimow, Paul D.
AU  - Ahrens, Thomas J.
T1  - A new dense silica polymorph: A possible link between tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated silica.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb/Mar2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
EP  - 461
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - We present the discovery of a novel dense silica polymorph retrieved from shock-wave and diamond-anvil cell experiments. This polymorph is the first observed silicate composed of face-sharing polyhedra and it has a density similar to stishovite. Sterical constraints on the bond angles induce an intrinsic disorder of Si positions, such that the Si-coordination is transitional between four- and sixfold. The structure provides a mechanism for this coordination change in silica and other silicates at high temperature that is fundamentally different from mechanisms at 300 K. The new polymorph also illustrates how the face-sharing polyhedra, naturally occurring along previously proposed compression mechanisms for dense silicate melts, can be constructed without inferring unphysically small bond angles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - SILICA
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
N1  - Accession Number: 12750198; Luo, Sheng-Nian 1,2 Tschauner, Oliver 1,3; Email Address: olivert@physics.unlv.edu Asimow, Paul D. 4 Ahrens, Thomas J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lindhurst Laboratory of Experimental Geophysics, Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, U.S.A.  2: Plasma Physics (P-24) and Earth and Environmental Sciences (EES-11), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.  3: High Pressure Science and Engineering Center and Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4002, U.S.A.  4: Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, U.S.A.; Source Info: Feb/Mar2004, Vol. 89 Issue 2/3, p455; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chan, J. W.
AU  - Esposito, A. P.
AU  - Talley, C. E.
AU  - Hopiars, C. W.
AU  - S. M. Lane, C. W.
AU  - Huser, T.
T1  - Reagentless Identification of Single Bacterial Spores in Aqueous Solution by Confocal Laser Tweezers Raman Spectroscopy.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 599
EP  - 603
SN  - 00032700
AB  - We demonstrate that optical trapping combined with confocal Raman spectroscopy using a single laser source is a powerful tool for the rapid identification of micrometer-sized particles in an aqueous environment. Optical trapping immobilizes the particle while maintaining it in the center of the laser beam path and within the laser focus, thus maximizing the collection of its Raman signals. The single particle is completely isolated from other particles and substrate surfaces, therefore eliminating any unwanted background signals and ensuring that information is collected only from the selected, individual particle. In this work, an inverted confocal Raman microscope is combined with optical trapping to probe and analyze bacterial spores in solution. Rapid, reagentless detection and identification of bacterial spores with no false positives from a complex mixed sample containing polystyrene and silica beads in aqueous suspension is demonstrated. In addition, the technique is used to analyze the relative concentration of each type of particle in the mixture. Our results show the feasibility for incorporating this technique in combination with a flow cytometric-type scheme in which the intrinsic Raman signatures of the particles are used instead of or in addition to fluorescent labels to identify cells, bacteria, and particles in a wide range of applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - BACTERIAL spores
KW  - SILICA
KW  - CELLS
KW  - BACTERIA
N1  - Accession Number: 12412354; Chan, J. W. 1,2 Esposito, A. P. 2,3 Talley, C. E. 2,3 Hopiars, C. W. 2,3 S. M. Lane, C. W. 1,2 Huser, T. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Advanced Technologies Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.  2: University of California, Davis.  3: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 3, p599; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: BACTERIAL spores; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: BACTERIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bader, Arjen N.
AU  - Grubor, Nenad M.
AU  - Ariese, Freek
AU  - Gooijer, Cees
AU  - Jankowiak, Ryszard
AU  - Small, Gerald J.
T1  - Probing the Interaction of Benzo[a]pyrene Adducts and Metabolites with Monoclonal Antibodies Using Fluorescence Line-Narrowing Spectroscopy.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 761
EP  - 766
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A new approach for studying antibody--antigen interactions of DNA adducts and metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is demonstrated in which fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy (FLNS) is used. It is based on the fact that in an FLN spectrum the relative intensifies of the line-narrowed bands (that correspond to the excited-state vibrations) are, in general, strongly dependent on the local environment of the fluorophore. Information on the nature of the interactions can be obtained by comparing the FLN spectra of the antigen-antibody complexes to the spectra of the antigen in different types of solvents (H-bonding, aprotic, and π-electron-containing solvent molecules) recorded wider the same conditions. The antigens used were the DNA adduct 7-(benzo[α]pyren-6-yl)guanine (BP-6-N7Gua) and the metabolite (+)-trans-anti-7,8,9,10-benzo[α]pyrenetetrol (BP-tetrol) of benzo[α]pyrene; two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been developed to selectively bind these compounds. It is shown that, for BP-tetrol, H-bonding solvents have a pronounced effect on the FLN spectra. The presence of π electrons in the solvent molecules results in relatively small but still significant changes in the spectra. When BP-tetrol is bound to its MAb, however, neither of these effects is observed; its spectrum is very similar to the one obtained with an aprotic solvent, methylcyclohexane. Therefore, we can conclude that this MAb has an internal binding site in which the interaction with BP-tetrol is of a hydrophobic character. For BP-6-N7Gua, however, there is a strong effect of the presence of π electrons in the solvent molecules. The FLN spectrum of this antigen bound to its MAb is very similar to its spectrum in acetone, indicating that π--π interactions play an important role in the binding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
N1  - Accession Number: 12412375; Bader, Arjen N. 1 Grubor, Nenad M. 2 Ariese, Freek 1; Email Address: ariese@few.vu.nl Gooijer, Cees 1 Jankowiak, Ryszard 2 Small, Gerald J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Laser Centre, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.  2: Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department Energy, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 3, p761; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Theisen, Lisa A.
AU  - Martin, Stephen J.
AU  - Hillman, A. Robert
T1  - A Model for the Quartz Crystal Microbalance Frequency Response to Wetting Characteristics of Corrugated Surfaces.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 796
EP  - 804
SN  - 00032700
AB  - We consider the effect of surface roughness, and its unique wetting behavior, on the response of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) resonator operating in contact with a fluid. The rough surface is modeled as sinusoidally corrugated particular to the case of a fixed relationship between amplitude and periodicity, as would arise from polishing with monodisperse spherical particles. The penetration of fluid into the troughs of the corrugations and the resulting meniscus are determined as a competition between surface tension and compression of the trapped gas. liquid contained below the corrugation peaks, but above the gas/liquid meniscus, is trapped and behaves as an ideal mass layer, contributing a frequency shift that adds to that arising from liquid entrainment. This model allows QCM responses on rough surfaces to be described as a function of liquid properties and contact angle. This permits responses on hydrophobic surfaces to be understood in terms of incomplete surface wetting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARTZ crystal microbalances
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - RESONATORS
KW  - CYCLES
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - CONTACT angle
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - HYDROPHOBIC surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 12412380; Theisen, Lisa A. 1; Email Address: ltheise@sandia.gov Martin, Stephen J. 1 Hillman, A. Robert 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 LE1 7RH, UK.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 3, p796; Subject Term: QUARTZ crystal microbalances; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: RESONATORS; Subject Term: CYCLES; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: CONTACT angle; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: HYDROPHOBIC surfaces; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeager, Chris M.
AU  - Kornosky, Jennifer L.
AU  - Housman, David C.
AU  - Grote, Edmund E.
AU  - Belnap, Jayne
AU  - Kuske, Cheryl R.
T1  - Diazotrophic Community Structure and Function in Two Successional Stages of Biological Soil Crusts from the Colorado Plateau and Chihuahuan Desert.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 70
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 973
EP  - 983
SN  - 00992240
AB  - The objective of this study was to characterize the community structure and activity of N2-fixing microorganisms in mature and poorly developed biological soil crusts from both the Colorado Plateau and Chihuahuan Desert. Nitrogenase activity was approximately 10 and 2.5 times higher in mature crusts than in poorly developed crusts at the Colorado Plateau site and Chihuahuan Desert site, respectively. Analysis of nifH sequences by clone sequencing and the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism technique indicated that the crust diazotrophic community was 80 to 90% heterocystous cyanobacteria most closely related to Nostoc spp. and that the composition of N2-fixing species did not vary significantly between the poorly developed and mature crusts at either site. In contrast, the abundance of nifH sequences was approximately 7.5 times greater (per microgram of total DNA) in mature crusts than in poorly developed crusts at a given site as measured by quantitative PCR. 16S rRNA gene clone sequencing and microscopic analysis of the cyanobacterial community within both crust types demonstrated a transition from a Microcoleus vaginatus-dominated, poorly developed crust to mature crusts harboring a greater percentage of Nostoc and Scytonema spp. We hypothesize that ecological factors, such as soil instability and water stress, may constrain the growth of N2-fixing microorganisms at our study sites and that the transition to a mature, nitrogen-producing crust initially requires bioengineering of the surface microenvironment by Microcoleus vaginatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN-fixing microorganisms
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - SOIL microbiology
KW  - NITROGENASES
KW  - COLORADO Plateau
KW  - CHIHUAHUAN Desert
N1  - Accession Number: 12591369; Yeager, Chris M. 1 Kornosky, Jennifer L. 1 Housman, David C. 2 Grote, Edmund E. 2 Belnap, Jayne 2 Kuske, Cheryl R. 1; Email Address: kuske@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Canyonlands Field Station, Biological Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Moab, Utah; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 70 Issue 2, p973; Subject Term: NITROGEN-fixing microorganisms; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: SOIL microbiology; Subject Term: NITROGENASES; Subject Term: COLORADO Plateau; Subject Term: CHIHUAHUAN Desert; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Herpen, M. M. J. W.
AU  - Bison, S. E.
AU  - Ngai, A. K. Y.
AU  - Harren, F. J. M.
T1  - Combined wide pump tuning and high power of a continuous-wave, singly resonant optical parametric oscillator.
JO  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
JF  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 78
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 286
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09462171
AB  - A new singly resonant, single-frequency optical parametric oscillator (OPO) has been developed for the 2.6–4.7 μm infrared wavelength region, using a high power (>20 W), widely tunable (1024–1034 nm) Yb:YAG pump source. With the OPO frequency stabilized with an intracavity etalon, the OPO achieved an idler output power of 3 W at 2.954 μm. Tuning of the idler frequency was achieved by longitudinal mode-hop tuning of the pump source (FSR 100 MHz). In this way an idler frequency scan of 100–150 GHz could be obtained, after which the signal frequency hops ahead over the FSR of the intracavity etalon of the OPO (207 GHz). Due to un-optimized mirror coatings for the OPO cavity and PPLN crystal, the frequency stability was limited to 90 MHz over 1 s, with an unaffected long-term frequency stability of 250 MHz over 200 seconds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SIGNALS & signaling
KW  - OSCILLATOR strengths
KW  - FLANEURS
KW  - TUNING (Musical instruments)
KW  - FREQUENCY stability
N1  - Accession Number: 12422245; van Herpen, M. M. J. W. 1; Email Address: maartenh@sci.kun.nl Bison, S. E. 2 Ngai, A. K. Y. 1 Harren, F. J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Life Science Trace Gas Facility, Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, University of Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, 94550, USA.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 78 Issue 3/4, p281; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SIGNALS & signaling; Subject Term: OSCILLATOR strengths; Subject Term: FLANEURS; Subject Term: TUNING (Musical instruments); Subject Term: FREQUENCY stability; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00340-003-1384-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pibida, L.
AU  - McMahon, C.A.
AU  - Bushaw, B.A.
T1  - Laser resonance ionization mass spectrometry measurements of cesium in nuclear burn-up and sediment samples
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 60
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Isotopic ratio measurements of 135Cs to 137Cs were performed using both resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) to determine the chronological age of nuclear fuel burn-up samples. Initial measurements on a lake sediment sample are being performed at NIST for determination of cesium content in the sample. Atomization behavior of the graphite furnace source, the overall efficiency and selectivity were measured for different sample preparations. Single-resonance excitation 6s 2S1/2 (F=4) → 6p 2P3/2 (<f>F′=5</f>) with an extended cavity diode laser followed by photoionization with the 488 nm line of an argon ion laser yielded optical selectivity for 135Cs and 137Cs of more than two orders of magnitude against stable 133Cs and overall selectivity of 108. An overall efficiency of 5×10−7 was measured for standard 133Cs solutions and for the nuclear fuel burn-up samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Caesium
KW  - Low-level measurements
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Resonance ionization
KW  - Sediment samples
N1  - Accession Number: 12307397; Pibida, L. 1; Email Address: leticia.pibida@nist.gov McMahon, C.A. 1 Bushaw, B.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., MS 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99362, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 60 Issue 2-4, p567; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Caesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-level measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonance ionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment samples; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2003.11.082
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrens, J.
AU  - Bahcall, J.N.
AU  - Bai, X.
AU  - Bay, R.C.
AU  - Becka, T.
AU  - Becker, K.-H.
AU  - Berley, D.
AU  - Bernardini, E.
AU  - Bertrand, D.
AU  - Besson, D.Z.
AU  - Biron, A.
AU  - Blaufuss, E.
AU  - Boersma, D.J.
AU  - Böser, S.
AU  - Bohm, C.
AU  - Botner, O.
AU  - Bouchta, A.
AU  - Bouhali, O.
AU  - Burgess, T.
AU  - Carithers, W.
T1  - Sensitivity of the IceCube detector to astrophysical sources of high energy muon neutrinos
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
SN  - 09276505
AB  - We present results of a Monte Carlo study of the sensitivity of the planned IceCube detector to predicted fluxes of muon neutrinos at TeV to PeV energies. A complete simulation of the detector and data analysis is used to study the detector’s capability to search for muon neutrinos from potential sources such as active galaxies and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We study the effective area and the angular resolution of the detector as a function of muon energy and angle of incidence. We present detailed calculations of the sensitivity of the detector to both diffuse and pointlike neutrino fluxes, including an assessment of the sensitivity to neutrinos detected in coincidence with GRB observations. After three years of data taking, IceCube will be able to detect a point-source flux of <f>Eν2×dNν/dEν=7×10−9</f> cm−2 s−1 GeV at a <f>5σ</f> significance, or, in the absence of a signal, place a 90% c.l. limit at a level of <f>Eν2×dNν/dEν=2×10−9</f> cm−2 s−1 GeV. A diffuse <f>E−2</f> flux would be detectable at a minimum strength of <f>Eν2×dNν/dEν=10−8</f> cm−2 s−1 sr−1 GeV. A GRB model following the formulation of Waxman and Bahcall would result in a <f>5σ</f> effect after the observation of 200 bursts in coincidence with satellite observations of the gamma rays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - MUONS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - IceCube
KW  - Neutrino astronomy
KW  - Neutrino telescope
N1  - Accession Number: 12043794; Ahrens, J. 1 Bahcall, J.N. 2 Bai, X. 3 Bay, R.C. 4 Becka, T. 1 Becker, K.-H. 5 Berley, D. 6 Bernardini, E. 7 Bertrand, D. 8 Besson, D.Z. 9 Biron, A. 7 Blaufuss, E. 6 Boersma, D.J. 7 Böser, S. 7 Bohm, C. 10 Botner, O. 11 Bouchta, A. 11 Bouhali, O. 8 Burgess, T. 10 Carithers, W. 12; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany  2: Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA  3: Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Fachbereich 8 Physik, BUGH Wuppertal, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany  6: Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  7: DESY-Zeuthen, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany  8: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium  9: Deparment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA  10: Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden  11: Division of High Energy Physics, Uppsala University, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden  12: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p507; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: IceCube; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino astronomy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino telescope; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeMuth, D.
AU  - Alner, G.J.
AU  - Ayres, D.
AU  - Barrett, W.L.
AU  - Border, P.
AU  - Cockerill, D.J.A.
AU  - Cobb, J.H.
AU  - Courant, H.
AU  - Fields, T.
AU  - Gallagher, H.
AU  - Goodman, M.C.
AU  - Gran, R.
AU  - Joffe-Minor, T.
AU  - Kafka, T.
AU  - Kasahara, S.
AU  - Litchfield, P.J.
AU  - Mann, W.A.
AU  - Marshak, M.
AU  - Milburn, R.
AU  - Miller, W.
T1  - Horizontal muons and a search for AGN neutrinos in Soudan 2
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
SN  - 09276505
AB  - We measure the horizontal (<f>|cos(θz)|<0.14</f> corresponding to a slant depth cut 14 kmwe) neutrino-induced muon flux (<f>Eμ>1.8</f> GeV) in Soudan 2 to be 4.01 ± 0.50 ± 0.30 × 10−13 cm−2 sr−1 s−1. From the absence of horizontal muons with large energy loss, we set a limit on the flux of muon neutrinos from active galactic nuclei. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - PARTICLE range (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GALACTIC dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12043796; DeMuth, D. 1 Alner, G.J. 2 Ayres, D. 3 Barrett, W.L. 3 Border, P. 1 Cockerill, D.J.A. 2 Cobb, J.H. 4 Courant, H. 1 Fields, T. 3 Gallagher, H. 5 Goodman, M.C. 3; Email Address: maury.goodman@anl.gov Gran, R. 1 Joffe-Minor, T. 3 Kafka, T. 5 Kasahara, S. 1 Litchfield, P.J. 1 Mann, W.A. 5 Marshak, M. 1 Milburn, R. 5 Miller, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  2: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK  3: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne,IL 60439, USA  4: University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxon, OX1 3RH, UK  5: Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p533; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE range (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GALACTIC dynamics; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.07.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fragile, P. Chris
AU  - Mathews, Grant J.
AU  - Poirier, John
AU  - Totani, Tomonori
T1  - Constraints on models for TeV gamma rays from gamma-ray bursts
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 591
SN  - 09276505
AB  - We explore several models which might be proposed to explain recent possible detections of high-energy (TeV) gamma rays in association with low-energy gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Likely values (and/or upper limits) for the source energies in low- and high-energy gamma rays and hadrons are deduced for the burst sources associated with possible TeV gamma-ray detections by the Project GRAND array. Possible spectra for energetic gammas are deduced for three models: (1) inverse-Compton scattering of ambient photons from relativistic electrons; (2) proton–synchrotron emission; and (3) inelastic scattering of relativistic protons from ambient photons creating high-energy neutral pions, which decay into high-energy photons. These models rely on some basic assumptions about the GRB properties, e.g. that: the low- and high-energy gamma rays are produced at the same location; the time variability of the high-energy component can be estimated from the FWHM of the highest peak in the low-energy gamma ray light curve; and the variability–luminosity relation of Fenimore and Ramirez-Ruiz [preprint(astro-ph/0004176)] gives a reliable estimate of the redshifts of these bursts. We also explore the impact of each of these assumptions upon our models. We conclude that the energetic requirements are difficult to satisfy for any of these models unless, perhaps, either the photon beaming angle is much narrower for the high-energy component than for the low-energy GRB or the bursts occur at very low redshifts (&lsim;0.01). Nevertheless, we find that the energetic requirements are most easily satisfied if TeV gamma rays are produced predominantly by inverse-Compton scattering with a magnetic field strength well below equipartition or by proton–synchrotron emission with a magnetic field strength near equipartition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - COMPTON effect
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
KW  - Acceleration of particles
KW  - Cosmic rays
KW  - Gamma-ray bursts
KW  - Gamma-ray sources
N1  - Accession Number: 12043802; Fragile, P. Chris 1; Email Address: fragile1@llnl.gov Mathews, Grant J. 2 Poirier, John 2 Totani, Tomonori 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, DNTAX Division, 7000 East Avenue, L-018, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  3: Theory Division, National Astronomical Observatory, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p591; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: COMPTON effect; Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acceleration of particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmic rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray bursts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray sources; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.08.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, G.R.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Anscombe, F.R.
T1  - Fugitive mercury emissions from a chlor-alkali factory: sources and fluxes to the atmosphere
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 597
SN  - 13522310
AB  - During winter 2000, a multi-organization research team assessed fugitive (non-stack) mercury air emissions at a chlor-alkali factory in the US using a variety of sophisticated mercury vapor analyzers to assess fugitive air emissions of mercury. The team obtained mercury data over a 9-day period from inside the factory, with the first known concurrent awareness of manufacturing operations. Emissions were measured from the roof vent, the open-sided basement below the production cells, and from surrounding soils and sealed waste ponds. Some emphasis was also placed on assessing the spatial distribution of Hg concentrations within an operating cell room. The team used real-time and near-real-time Hg analyzers including a Tekran 5-min integrated sampler modified for cell-room use, Lumex RA915+ and Jerome 431-X portable Hg analyzers, and a long-path integrating DOAS system for gaseous elemental Hg, coupled with an optical anemometer for measuring vent-averaged air flow rates. The integrated beam (DOAS) and point measurements of Hg° compared favorably.One principal finding is that fugitive air emissions from the cell-room roof vent are episodic and vary with factory operating conditions (maintenance and minor operational perturbations). Therefore, air emissions are likely to vary widely among factories on a worldwide basis, in accordance with operating procedures followed at each. Properly positioned, real-time mercury vapor analyzers are potentially valuable tools to locate small-scale process leaks, and to estimate overall emissions from the cell-room building. A preliminary estimate of daily fugitive Hg emissions during this period (∼400–600 g d−1) indicated that the bulk of the atmospheric loss was emitted from the roof vent of the main production building. Sealed waste ponds were not important sources, emitting Hg at rates comparable to background soils. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Atmospheric emissions monitoring
KW  - Chlor-alkali
KW  - Mercury fluxes
KW  - Mercury sources
N1  - Accession Number: 11605778; Southworth, G.R. 1; Email Address: southworthgr@ornl.gov Lindberg, S.E. 1 Zhang, H. 2 Anscombe, F.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division Building, 1505 MS 6036, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA  2: Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, USA  3: US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Great Lakes Program Office, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL 60604, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p597; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric emissions monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlor-alkali; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury fluxes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.057
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kinsey, John S.
AU  - Anscombe, F.R.
AU  - Lindberg, Steven E.
AU  - Southworth, George R.
T1  - Characterization of the fugitive mercury emissions at a chlor-alkali plant: overall study design
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
SN  - 13522310
AB  - In February 2000, a detailed measurement campaign was conducted over a 9-day period within a mercury (Hg) cell chlor-alkali plant in the southeastern United States (US). The principal focus of this study was to determine the fugitive (non-ducted) airborne Hg emissions from the main production equipment located in the “cell building” during extended period operations, including maintenance events. Other Hg monitoring conducted in and around the plant also included surveys of process areas surrounding the cell building, measurement of Hg fluxes from soil and other exposed surfaces, and speciated Hg measurements of ambient air both “upwind” and “downwind” of the production area as well as the determination of Hg contained in output products and wastes. The study was a collaborative effort among scientists from the US Environmental Protection Agency, the US Department of Energy''s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the University of Michigan. This paper provides a description of the facility, the rationale and design of the study, and an introduction to companion papers containing the observational data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Atmospheric emissions
KW  - Chlor-alkali plants
KW  - Measurement methods
KW  - Mercury speciation
KW  - Mercury vapor
N1  - Accession Number: 11605781; Kinsey, John S. 1; Email Address: kinsey.john@epa.gov Anscombe, F.R. 2 Lindberg, Steven E. 3 Southworth, George R. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Mail Drop E 343-02, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA  2: US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Great Lakes Program Office, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL 60604, USA  3: US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p633; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlor-alkali plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Measurement methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury speciation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury vapor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.059
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terry J. Gentry
AU  - Karen L. Josephson
AU  - Ian L. Pepper
T1  - {Functional Establishment of Introduced Chlorobenzoate Degraders Following Bioaugmentation with Newly Activated Soil.
JO  - Biodegradation
JF  - Biodegradation
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 75
SN  - 09239820
AB  - Introduced degraders often do not survive when applied to polluted sites; however, the potential for successful bioaugmentation may be increased if newly activated soil (containing indigenous degrader populations recently exposed to the contaminant) or potentially active soil (containing indigenous degrader populations not previously exposed to the contaminant) is used as the inoculant. To investigate this concept, Madera and Oversite soils were amended with 0 or 500 micrograms of 2-, 3-, or 4-chlorobenzoate per gram soil. The Madera degraded 2-chlorobenzoate while the Oversite degraded 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate. After 22 days of incubation, non-active soils that had not degraded chlorobenzoate were bioaugmented with the appropriate activated soil that had been exposed to and degraded chlorobenzoate. Thus, Oversite soil that had not degraded 2-chlorobenzoate was bioaugmented with Madera soil that had degraded 2-chlorobenzoate. Likewise, Madera soil that had not degraded 3- or 4-chlorobenzoate was bioaugmented with the Oversite soil that had degraded 3- or 4-chlorobenzoate. Additionally, the non-active soils were bioaugmented with the corresponding potentially active soils. The Oversite soil amended with activated Madera soil degraded the 2-chlorobenzoate within 3 days of bioaugmentation. The Madera soil amended with activated Oversite soils degraded the 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate within 20 and 6 days, respectively. Large degrader populations developed in microcosms bioaugmented with activated soil, and shifts in the 3- and 4-CB degrader community structures occurred following bioaugmentation. In contrast, bioaugmentation with potentially active soil did not impact degradation. The results indicate the potential for bioaugmentation with newly activated soil to enhance contaminant degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biodegradation is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil degradation
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Decomposition (Chemistry)
KW  - Soil microbiology
N1  - Accession Number: 20387706; Terry J. Gentry 1; Karen L. Josephson 2; Ian L. Pepper 2; Affiliations: 1: Author for correspondence e-mail: gentrytj@ornl.gov, University of Arizona, Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, 429 Shantz Building, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; 2: University of Arizona, Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, 429 Shantz Building, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p67; Thesaurus Term: Soil degradation; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Decomposition (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Soil microbiology; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryu, Hyun-Seung
AU  - Hong, Kug Sun
AU  - Lee, Jung-Kun
AU  - Kim, Deug Joong
AU  - Lee, Jae Hyup
AU  - Chang, Bong-Soon
AU  - Lee, Dong-ho
AU  - Lee, Choon-Ki
AU  - Chung, Sung-Soo
T1  - Magnesia-doped HA/β-TCP ceramics and evaluation of their biocompatibility
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
SN  - 01429612
AB  - The sintering behavior, mechanical properties and biocompatibility of magnesia (MgO)-doped HA/TCP biphasic ceramics were studied. Pure HA/TCP ceramics showed poor sinterability due to the phase transformation of β- to α-TCP. MgO-doped HA/TCP ceramics showed high density without any phase transformation of β-TCP up to 1300°C, for MgO dopants incorporated into the β-TCP preferably and increased thermal stability of β-TCP. However, the addition of MgO higher than a critical content, suppressed grain growth of HA/TCP ceramics and lowered sinterability. The optimum amount of MgO doping was 1 wt%, which lead 99% relative density and higher mechanical properties than HA or β-TCP ceramics. From in vitro test and in vivo test, 1 wt% MgO-doped HA/TCP ceramics showed a good biocompatibility without cytotoxicity. After implantation under the muscle of rabbits, β-TCP phase was dissolved from the surface and a biological apatite covered the surface. These results proved that MgO addition increased drastically the sintering and mechanical properties of HA/β-TCP ceramics without altering the biological safety and biocompatibility of the original composite. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCOMPATIBILITY
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - MAGNESIUM oxide
KW  - SINTER (Metallurgy)
KW  - Biocompatibility
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - HA/TCP ceramics
KW  - MgO doping
KW  - Sinterability
N1  - Accession Number: 11173528; Ryu, Hyun-Seung 1 Hong, Kug Sun 1; Email Address: kshongss@plaza.snu.ac.kr Lee, Jung-Kun 2 Kim, Deug Joong 3 Lee, Jae Hyup 4 Chang, Bong-Soon 4 Lee, Dong-ho 4 Lee, Choon-Ki 4 Chung, Sung-Soo 5; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Shinrim-dong San 56-1, Kwanack-Ku, Seoul 151-742, South Korea  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Sung kyun kwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea  4: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, South Korea  5: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Sung kyun kwan University, Seoul 135-230, South Korea; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p393; Subject Term: BIOCOMPATIBILITY; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM oxide; Subject Term: SINTER (Metallurgy); Author-Supplied Keyword: Biocompatibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: HA/TCP ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgO doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sinterability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00538-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mohagheghi, Ali
AU  - Dowe, Nancy
AU  - Schell, Daniel
AU  - Chou, Yat-Chen
AU  - Eddy, Christina
AU  - Zhang, Min
T1  - Performance of a newly developed integrant of Zymomonasmobilis for ethanol production on corn stover hydrolysate.
JO  - Biotechnology Letters
JF  - Biotechnology Letters
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 325
SN  - 01415492
AB  - Efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass requires biocatalysts able to tolerate inhibitors produced by many pretreatment processes. Recombinant Zymomonas mobilis 8b, a recently developed integrant of Zymomonas mobilis 31821(pZB5), tolerated acetic acid up to 16 g l-1 and achieved 82%–87% (w/w) ethanol yields from pure glucose/xylose solutions at pH 6 and temperatures of 30 °C and 37 °C. An ethanol yield of 85% (w/w) was achieved on glucose/xylose from hydrolysate produced by dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of corn stover after an `overliming' process was used to improve hydrolysate fermentability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lignocellulose
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Fermentation
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Corn stover
KW  - Biochemical engineering
KW  - corn stover
KW  - ethanol
KW  - overliming
KW  - pretreatment
KW  - pretreatment Zymomonas mobilis
N1  - Accession Number: 16762631; Mohagheghi, Ali 1; Email Address: ali_mohagheghi@nrel.gov; Dowe, Nancy 1; Schell, Daniel 1; Chou, Yat-Chen 1; Eddy, Christina 1; Zhang, Min 1; Affiliations: 1: National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA.; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p321; Thesaurus Term: Lignocellulose; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Thesaurus Term: Fermentation; Subject Term: Enzymes; Subject Term: Corn stover; Subject Term: Biochemical engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: corn stover; Author-Supplied Keyword: ethanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: overliming; Author-Supplied Keyword: pretreatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: pretreatment Zymomonas mobilis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Jielun
AU  - Lenschow, Donald H.
AU  - Burns, Sean P.
AU  - Banta, Robert M.
AU  - Newsom, Rob K.
AU  - Coulter, Richard
AU  - Frasier, Stephen
AU  - Ince, Turker
AU  - Nappo, Carmen
AU  - Balsley, Ben B.
AU  - Jensen, Michael
AU  - Mahrt, Larry
AU  - Miller, David
AU  - Skelly, Brian
T1  - Atmospheric Disturbances that Generate Intermittent Turbulence in Nocturnal Boundary Layers.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 279
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - Using the unprecedented observational facilities deployed during the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99), we found three distinct turbulent events on the night of 18 October 1999. These events resulted from a density current, solitary wave, and internal gravity wave, respectively. Our study focuses on the turbulence intermittency generated by the solitary wave and internal gravity wave, and intermittent turbulence episodes associated with pressure change and wind direction shifts adjacent to the ground. Both the solitary and internal gravity waves propagated horizontally and downward. During the passage of both the solitary and internal gravity waves, local thermal and shear instabilities were generated as cold air was pushed above warm air and wind gusts reached to the ground. These thermal and shear instabilities triggered turbulent mixing events. In addition, strong vertical acceleration associated with the solitary wave led to large non-hydrostatic pressure perturbations that were positively correlated with temperature. The directional difference between the propagation of the internal gravity wave and the ambient flow led to lateral rolls. These episodic studies demonstrate that non-local disturbances are responsible for local thermal and shear instabilities, leading to intermittent turbulence in nocturnal boundary layers. The origin of these non-local disturbances needs to be understood to improve mesoscale numerical model performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric turbulence
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Density currents
KW  - Gravity waves
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology)
KW  - Intermittent turbulence
KW  - Internal gravity wave
KW  - Nocturnal boundary layer
KW  - Solitary wave
N1  - Accession Number: 15100476; Sun, Jielun 1,2; Lenschow, Donald H. 1; Burns, Sean P. 1; Banta, Robert M. 3; Newsom, Rob K. 4; Coulter, Richard 5; Frasier, Stephen 6; Ince, Turker 6; Nappo, Carmen 7; Balsley, Ben B. 8; Jensen, Michael 8; Mahrt, Larry 9; Miller, David 10; Skelly, Brian 10; Affiliations: 1: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, U.S.A.; 2: PAOS, University of Colorado; 3: NOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory, Boulder, CO, U.S.A.; 4: Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.; 5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, U.S.A.; 6: University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, U.S.A.; 7: Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A.; 8: University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, U.S.A.; 9: College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A.; 10: University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p255; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric turbulence; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Subject Term: Turbulence; Subject Term: Density currents; Subject Term: Gravity waves; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermittent turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal gravity wave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nocturnal boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solitary wave; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roberto  Pani
AU  - Rosanna  Pellegrini
AU  - Maria Nerina  Cinti
AU  - Carlo  Trotta
AU  - Paolo  Bennati
AU  - Margherita  Betti
AU  - Giuseppe  De Vincentis
AU  - Francesco  Cusanno
AU  - Franco  Garibaldi
AU  - Stefano  Ridolfi
AU  - Stan  Majewsky
AU  - Benjamin M. W.  Tsui
T1  - New Devices for Imaging in Nuclear Medicine.
JO  - Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals
JF  - Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals
Y1  - 2004/02//2/01/2004
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
EP  - 128
SN  - 10849785
AB  - Pinhole gamma camera imaging offers the ability to obtain high resolution images from single gamma ray emitting radiotracers playing a reasonable tradeoff between very small field of view (FoV) and sensitivity.         On the other hand the total spatial resolution of a pinhole imaging device is predominantly affected by the detector intrinsic spatial resolution for reduced magnification factors. To design very compact         pinhole SPET scanners with very high intrinsic spatial resolution, authors investigated a miniature gamma camera based on the newly developed Hamamatsu H8500 flat panel photomultiplier. The PSPMT was coupled         to the following scintillation arrays: CsI(Tl) array with 0.2-mm, 1-mm, 1.4-mm pixel size and NaI (Tl) with 1-mm pixel size. The imaging performances were evaluated by 57Co spot and flood irradiations.         NaI(Tl) array shows a better pixel identification for 1 mm pixel size, proving to be a good candidate to make a large area photodetector based on multi PSPMTs closely packed. Although CsI(Tl) array had         the smallest pixel size, the low light output limited the best intrinsic spatial resolution to about 0.5 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR medicine
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 19978163; Roberto  Pani 1 Rosanna  Pellegrini 1 Maria Nerina  Cinti 2 Carlo  Trotta 1 Paolo  Bennati 1 Margherita  Betti 1 Giuseppe  De Vincentis 1 Francesco  Cusanno 3 Franco  Garibaldi 3 Stefano  Ridolfi 1 Stan  Majewsky 4 Benjamin M. W.  Tsui 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University "La Sapienza," Rome, Italy  2: Biophysics Ph.D. School, University "La Sapienza," Rome, 00161, Italy  3: Laboratory of Physics, ISS, Rome, Italy  4: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA  5: Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Source Info: 2/01/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p121; Subject Term: NUCLEAR medicine; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tada, Hiroaki
AU  - Bronkema, Jason
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
T1  - Application of In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) to the Study of Citrate Oxidation on Silica-Supported Silver Nanoparticles.
JO  - Catalysis Letters
JF  - Catalysis Letters
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 92
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 99
SN  - 1011372X
AB  - Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to characterize citrate anions adsorbed on nanometer-sized particles of Ag supported on SiO2. The magnitude of the surface-enhancement effect was determined to be ∼3 × 102 on the as-prepared samples of Ag/SiO2. Upon heating in air above 373 K, the citrate anions undergo oxidation to uni- and bidentate carbonate species and then decomposition to CO2 and adsorbed O atoms. In the SERS of Ag/SiO2, a very strong enhancement of the ν(C=O) signal for the bidentate CO3 species was observed for temperatures between 398 and 448 K, which is accompanied by an increase in the UV–vis absorbance of the sample at the frequency of the laser line used for Raman spectroscopy. This phenomenon is attributed to an increase in the surface-enhancement effect caused by clustering of the Ag nanoparticles as they sinter at elevated temperatures. The present investigation shows that the proper interpretation of in situ SERS spectra requires an understanding of the changes occurring in the UV–vis spectrum of the sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR spectra
KW  - SILVER
KW  - CITRATES
KW  - FENTANYL
KW  - citrate oxidation
KW  - SERS
KW  - silver
N1  - Accession Number: 15340505; Tada, Hiroaki 1,2,3; Email Address: h-tada@apsrv.apch.kindai.ac.jp Bronkema, Jason 1,2 Bell, Alexis T. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Divisions Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720-1462.  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720-1462.  3: Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 92 Issue 3/4, p93; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectra; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: CITRATES; Subject Term: FENTANYL; Author-Supplied Keyword: citrate oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: silver; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zak, Michail
T1  - Self-supervised dynamical systems
JO  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
JF  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 645
SN  - 09600779
AB  - A new type of dynamical systems which capture the interactions via information flows typical for active multi-agent systems is introduced. The mathematical formalism is based upon coupling the classical dynamical system (with random components caused by uncertainties in initial conditions as well as by Langevin forces) with the corresponding Liouville or the Fokker–Planck equations describing evolution of these uncertainties in terms of probability density. The coupling is implemented by information-based supervising forces which fundamentally change the patterns of probability evolution. It is demonstrated that the probability density can approach prescribed attractors while exhibiting such patterns as shock waves, solitons and chaos in probability space. Applications of these phenomena to information-based neural nets, expectation-based cooperation, self-programmed systems, control chaos using terminal attractors as well as to games with incomplete information, are addressed. A formal similarity between the mathematical structure of the introduced dynamical systems and quantum mechanics is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos, Solitons & Fractals is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATTRACTORS (Mathematics)
KW  - LANGEVIN equations
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 10425849; Zak, Michail 1,2; Email Address: michail.zak@jpl.nasa.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ultracomputing Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, M/S 126-347, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA  2: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p645; Subject Term: ATTRACTORS (Mathematics); Subject Term: LANGEVIN equations; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0960-0779(03)00196-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Westfall, Catherine
T1  - A Research Engine.
JO  - Chemical Heritage
JF  - Chemical Heritage
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 44
EP  - 44
SN  - 10665315
AB  - Reviews the book "The National Labs: Science in an American System, 1947-1974," by Peter Westwick.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - WESTWICK, Peter
KW  - NATIONAL Labs, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12722308; Westfall, Catherine 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Spring2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p44; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NATIONAL Labs, The (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; People: WESTWICK, Peter; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Colavecchia, F.D.
AU  - Gasaneo, G.
T1  - f1: a code to compute Appell's <f>F1</f> hypergeometric function
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 157
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 32
SN  - 00104655
AB  - In this work we present the FORTRAN code to compute the hypergeometric function <f>F1(α,β1,β2,γ,x,y)</f> of Appell. The program can compute the <f>F1</f> function for real values of the variables <f>{x,y}</f>, and complex values of the parameters <f>{α,β1,β2,γ}</f>. The code uses different strategies to calculate the function according to the ideas outlined in [F.D. Colavecchia et al., Comput. Phys. Comm. 138 (1) (2001) 29].: Program summaryTitle of the program: f1Catalogue identifier: ADSJProgram summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADSJProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen''s University of Belfast, N. IrelandLicensing provisions: noneComputers: PC compatibles, SGI Origin2&ast;Operating system under which the program has been tested: Linux, IRIXProgramming language used: Fortran 90Memory required to execute with typical data: 4 kbytesNo. of bits in a word: 32No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 52 325Distribution format: tar gzip fileExternal subprograms used: Numerical Recipes hypgeo [W.H. Press et al., Numerical Recipes in Fortran 77, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996] or chyp routine of R.C. Forrey [J. Comput. Phys. 137 (1997) 79], rkf45 [L.F. Shampine and H.H. Watts, Rep. SAND76-0585, 1976].Keywords: Numerical methods, special functions, hypergeometric functions, Appell functions, Gauss functionNature of the physical problem: Computing the Appell <f>F1</f> function is relevant in atomic collisions and elementary particle physics. It is usually the result of multidimensional integrals involving Coulomb continuum states.Method of solution: The <f>F1</f> function has a convergent-series definition for <f>&z.sfnc;x&z.sfnc;<1</f> and <f>&z.sfnc;y&z.sfnc;<1</f>, and several analytic continuations for other regions of the variable space. The code tests the values of the variables and selects one of the precedent cases. In the convergence region the program uses the series definition near the origin of coordinates, and a numerical integration of the third-order differential parametric equation for the <f>F1</f> function. Also detects several special cases according to the values of the parameters.Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: The code is restricted to real values of the variables <f>{x,y}</f>. Also, there are some parameter domains that are not covered. These usually imply differences between integer parameters that lead to negative integer arguments of Gamma functions.Typical running time: Depends basically on the variables. The computation of Table 4 of [F.D. Colavecchia et al., Comput. Phys. Comm. 138 (1) (2001) 29] (64 functions) requires approximately 0.33 s in a Athlon 900 MHz processor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORTRAN (Computer program language)
KW  - HYPERGEOMETRIC functions
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - GAUSSIAN sums
KW  - 02.30.Gp
KW  - Appell functions
KW  - Gauss function
KW  - Hypergeometric functions
KW  - Numerical methods
KW  - Special functions
N1  - Accession Number: 12042878; Colavecchia, F.D. 1,2; Email Address: flavioc@lanl.gov Gasaneo, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Group T-12, MS B268, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  3: Departamento de Física and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 157 Issue 1, p32; Subject Term: FORTRAN (Computer program language); Subject Term: HYPERGEOMETRIC functions; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN sums; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.30.Gp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Appell functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gauss function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hypergeometric functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Special functions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00490-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Page, Jason S
AU  - Masselon, Christophe D
AU  - Smith, Richard D
T1  - FTICR mass spectrometry for qualitative and quantitative bioanalyses
JO  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
JF  - Current Opinion in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 09581669
AB  - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) is playing an increasing role in the characterization of cellular systems owing to its capabilities for providing higher confidence of identification, increased dynamic range and sensitivity unmatched by other MS platforms. Particularly in proteomics, where global and quantitative approaches are essential, the attributes of FTICR-MS are poised to make significant contributions. Recent advances in the field that have particular importance for proteomic applications include the use of high-performance micro-capillary column separation techniques coupled to FTICR, as well as methods that improve protein identification, sensitivity, dynamic range and throughput. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Biotechnology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - CELLS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - accurate mass and time (AMT)
KW  - capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF)
KW  - dynamic range enhancement applied to mass spectrometry (DREAMS)
KW  - electron capture dissociation (ECD)
KW  - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR)
KW  - liquid chromatography (LC)
KW  - mass measurement accuracy (MMA)
KW  - mass spectrometry (MS)
KW  - post-translational modification (PTM)
KW  - tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)
KW  - two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE)
N1  - Accession Number: 12238223; Page, Jason S 1 Masselon, Christophe D 1 Smith, Richard D 1; Email Address: rds@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: accurate mass and time (AMT); Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF); Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic range enhancement applied to mass spectrometry (DREAMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: electron capture dissociation (ECD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR); Author-Supplied Keyword: liquid chromatography (LC); Author-Supplied Keyword: mass measurement accuracy (MMA); Author-Supplied Keyword: mass spectrometry (MS); Author-Supplied Keyword: post-translational modification (PTM); Author-Supplied Keyword: tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS); Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.copbio.2004.01.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Kunxin
T1  - Ski and SnoN: negative regulators of TGF-β signaling
JO  - Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
JF  - Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 0959437X
AB  - Ski and SnoN are unique proto-oncoproteins in that they can induce both oncogenic transformation and terminal muscle differentiation when expressed at high levels. Recent studies using in vitro and in vivo approaches have begun to unravel the complex roles of Ski and SnoN in tumorigenesis and embryonic development. The identification of Ski and SnoN as important negative regulators of signal transduction by the transforming growth factor-β superfamily of cytokines provides a valuable molecular basis for the complex functions of Ski and SnoN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Genetics & Development is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ONCOGENES
KW  - MUSCLES
KW  - CARCINOGENESIS
KW  - TRANSFORMING growth factors
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - bone morphogenic protein (BMP)
KW  - common mediator Smad (Co-Smad)
KW  - embryonic day (E)
KW  - receptor-related Smad (R-Smad)
KW  - retinoic acid receptor (RAR)
KW  - transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)
N1  - Accession Number: 12099907; Luo, Kunxin 1; Email Address: kluo@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, 237 Hildebrand Hall, Mail code 3206, Berkeley, CA 94720-3206, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p65; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ONCOGENES; Subject Term: MUSCLES; Subject Term: CARCINOGENESIS; Subject Term: TRANSFORMING growth factors; Subject Term: CYTOKINES; Author-Supplied Keyword: bone morphogenic protein (BMP); Author-Supplied Keyword: common mediator Smad (Co-Smad); Author-Supplied Keyword: embryonic day (E); Author-Supplied Keyword: receptor-related Smad (R-Smad); Author-Supplied Keyword: retinoic acid receptor (RAR); Author-Supplied Keyword: transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gde.2003.11.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akbari, Hashem
AU  - Konopacki, Steven
T1  - Energy effects of heat-island reduction strategies in Toronto, Canada
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
SN  - 03605442
AB  - The effect of heat-island reduction (HIR) strategies on annual energy savings and peak-power avoidance of the building sector of the Greater Toronto Area is calculated, using an hourly building energy simulation model. Results show that ratepayers could realize potential annual energy savings of over $11M from the effects of HIR strategies. The residential sector accounts for over half (59%) of the total savings, offices 13% and retail stores 28%. Savings from cool roofs are about 20%, shade trees 30%, wind shielding of trees 37%, and ambient cooling by trees and reflective surfaces 12%. These results are preliminary and highly sensitive to the relative price of gas and electricity. Potential annual electrticity savings are estimated at about 150 GWh and potential peak power avoidance at 250 MW. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ELECTRIC power
N1  - Accession Number: 11605996; Akbari, Hashem; Email Address: h_akbari@lbl.gov Konopacki, Steven 1; Affiliation:  1: Heat Island Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p191; Subject Term: ENERGY conservation; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.energy.2003.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hunger, Stefan
AU  - Cho, Herman
AU  - Sims, James T.
AU  - Sparks, Donald L.
T1  - Direct Speciation of Phosphorus in Alum-Amended Poultry Utter: Solid-State 31P NMR Investigation.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 674
EP  - 681
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Amending poultry litter (PL) with aluminum sulfate (alum) has proven to be effective in reducing water-soluble phosphorus (P) in the litter and in runoff from fields that have received PL applications; it has therefore been suggested as a best management practice. Although its effectiveness has been demonstrated on a macroscopic scale in the field, little is known about P speciation in either alum-amended or unamended lifter. This knowledge is important for the evaluation of the long-term stability and bioavailability of P, which is a necessary prerequisite for the assessment of the sustainability of intensive poultry operations. Both solid-state MAS and CP-MAS [sup31P NMR as well as [sup31]P {[sup27]Al}-TRAPDOR were used to investigate P speciation in alum-amended and unamended PL. The results indicate the presence of a complex mixture of organic and inorganic orthophosphate phases. A calcium phosphate phase, probably a surface precipitate on calcium carbonate, could be identified in both unamended and alum-amended PL, as well as physically bound HPO[sub4,sup2-]. Phosphate associated with Al was found in the alum-amended PL most probably a mixture of a poorly ordered wavellite and phosphate surface complexes on aluminum hydroxide that had been formed by the hydrolysis of alum. However, a complex mixture of organic and inorganic phosphate species could not be resolved. Phosphate associated with Al comprised on average 40 ± 14% of the total P in alum-amended PL, whereas calcium phosphate phases comprised on average 7 ± 4% in the alum-amended PL and 14 ± 5% in the unamended PL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aluminum sulfate
KW  - Litter (Trash)
KW  - Phosphorus -- Toxicology
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Environmental toxicology
KW  - Poultry industry
N1  - Accession Number: 12388774; Hunger, Stefan 1; Email Address: s.hunger@earth.leeds.ac.uk; Cho, Herman 2; Sims, James T. 3; Sparks, Donald L. 3; Affiliations: 1: School of Earth Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.; 2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richiand, Washington 99352.; 3: Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717.; Issue Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p674; Thesaurus Term: Aluminum sulfate; Thesaurus Term: Litter (Trash); Thesaurus Term: Phosphorus -- Toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Environmental toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Poultry industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413130 Poultry and egg merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411110 Live animal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311615 Poultry Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112390 Other Poultry Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 445210 Meat Markets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rejna, Rachel G.
AU  - Leri, Alessandra C.
AU  - Myneni, Satish C. B.
T1  - Cl k-edge X-ray Spectroscopic Investigation of Enzymatic Formation of Organochlorines in Weathering Plant Material.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 783
EP  - 789
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The contribution of halocarbons from plant weathering to the total organohalogen budget of terrestrial systems is gaining recognition. To evaluate the formation of such halocarbons, speciation of chlorine in Sequoia sempervirens (redwood) needles was examined in the presence of an external chloroperoxidase (CPO) enzyme using Cl K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The Cl forms in fresh and naturally weathered needles and in model laboratory reactions were compared. To provide a straightforward analogue to the enzymatic chlorination in plants, chlorination reactions were conducted for phenol, a common moiety of plant macromolecules. Plant material chlorination was also examined in the presence of hypochlorite in an ancillary mechanistic investigation. The dominant form of Cl in fresh, unreacted plant material was found to be inorganic Cl[sup-], which was partially converted to organochlorine in the presence of CPO. Chlorination is affected by the nature of reactant (CPO, H[sub2]O[sub2]) addition, reaction time, and temperature. The organochlorines produced in these laboratory investigations closely resemble those produced during the natural weathering of redwood needles. A striking consistency in chlorine speciation observed among the various sample types suggests that (i) CPO produced by terrestrial organisms could play a vital role in the generation of organochlorines associated with the degradation of plant material and (ii) initial targets of enzymatic chlorination might include lignin-like macromolecules rich in aromatic character and hydroxyl groups. These findings lend further credibility to a significant biogenic contribution to the global organohalogen burden by elucidating a probable route of enzymatic chlorination of natural organic matter in terrestrial systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chemical weathering
KW  - Giant sequoia
KW  - Absorption spectra
KW  - Organochlorine compounds
KW  - Phenols -- Physiological effect
KW  - Chlorination
N1  - Accession Number: 12388789; Rejna, Rachel G. 1; Leri, Alessandra C. 2; Myneni, Satish C. B. 1,2,3,4; Email Address: smyneni@princeton.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544.; 2: Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544.; 3: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544.; 4: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, I Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Issue Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p783; Thesaurus Term: Chemical weathering; Thesaurus Term: Giant sequoia; Thesaurus Term: Absorption spectra; Subject Term: Organochlorine compounds; Subject Term: Phenols -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: Chlorination; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bussmann-Holder, A.
AU  - Micnas, R.
AU  - Bishop, A. R.
T1  - Enhancements of the superconducting transition temperature within the two-band model.
JO  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 348
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346028
AB  - The two-band model as introduced by Suhl, Matthias and Walker [Phys. Rev. Lett. 3, 552 (1959)] accounts for multiple energy bands in the vicinity of the Fermi energy which could contribute to electron pairing in superconducting systems. Here, extensions of this model are investigated wherein the effects of coupled superconducting order parameters with different symmetries and the presence of strong electron-lattice coupling on the superconducting transition temperature Tc are studied . Substantial enhancements of Tc are obtained from both effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ENERGY bands
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 15179540; Bussmann-Holder, A. 1; Email Address: a.bussmann-holder@fkf.mpg.de Micnas, R. 2 Bishop, A. R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Institute of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, 85 Umultowska St., 61-614 Poznan, Poland  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, NM87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p345; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ENERGY bands; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjb/e2004-00065-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sloutskin, E.
AU  - Sirota, E. B.
AU  - Gang, O.
AU  - Wu, X. Z.
AU  - Ocko, B. M.
AU  - Deutsch, M.
T1  - Surface and bulk interchange energy in binary mixtures of chain molecules.
JO  - European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 112
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 12928941
AB  - Focuses on surface and bulk interchange energy in binary mixtures of chain molecules.  Factor which determines the repulsion energy between the unlike constituent of molecules in the phase diagram of binary mixtures; Information on the surface freezing (SF) effect; Effect of increased temperature changes and chain-length ranges of existence of SF in hydrated alcohols on hydrogen bonding stability.
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - MIXTURES
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16860150; Sloutskin, E. 1 Sirota, E. B. 2 Gang, O. 3 Wu, X. Z. 4 Ocko, B. M. 3 Deutsch, M. 1; Email Address: deutsch@mail.biu.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel  2: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., Route 22 E., Annandale NJ 08801, USA  3: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA  4: San Jose Research Center, Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, 650 Harry Road, San Jose CA 95120, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p109; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: MIXTURES; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epje/e2004-00047-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balkwill, D. L.
AU  - Kieft, T. L.
AU  - Tsukuda, T.
AU  - Kostandarithes, H. M.
AU  - Onstott, T. C.
AU  - MacNaughton, S.
AU  - Bownas, J.
AU  - Fredrickson, J. K.
T1  - Identification of iron-reducing Thermus strains as Thermus scotoductus.
JO  - Extremophiles
JF  - Extremophiles
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 44
SN  - 14310651
AB  - Thermus strain SA-01, previously isolated from a deep (3.2 km) South African gold mine, is closely related to Thermus strains NMX2 A.1 and VI-7 (previously isolated from thermal springs in New Mexico, USA, and Portugal, respectively). Thermus strains SA-01 and NMX2 A.1 have also been shown previously to grow using nitrate, Fe(III), Mn(IV) or SO as terminal electron acceptors and to be capable of reducing Cr(VI), U(VI), Co(III), and the quinone-containing compound anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate. The objectives of this study were to determine the phylogenetic positions of the three known metal-reducing Thermus strains and to determine the phylogenetic significance of metal reduction within the genus Thermus. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rDNA sequences, BOX PCR genomic fingerprinting, and DNA–DNA reassociation analyses indicated that these strains belong to the previously described genospecies T. scotoductus. The morphologies and lipid fatty acid profiles of these metal-reducing strains are consistent with their identification as T. scotoductus; however, the T. scotoductus strains tested in this study evinced a wide intraspecies variability in some other phenotypic traits, e.g., carbon substrate utilization and pigmentation. Iron reduction occurred in all strains of T. scotoductus tested except the mixotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing strain IT-7254. Thermus strains belonging to other species did not reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II) or reduced it only poorly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Extremophiles is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - GOLD mines & mining
KW  - HOT springs
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - ANTHRAQUINONES
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Deep subsurface
KW  - Iron reduction
KW  - Thermus scotoductus
N1  - Accession Number: 16984837; Balkwill, D. L. 1; Email Address: david.balkwill@med.fsu.edu Kieft, T. L. 2 Tsukuda, T. 3 Kostandarithes, H. M. 3 Onstott, T. C. 4 MacNaughton, S. 5 Bownas, J. 6 Fredrickson, J. K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, 32306-4300, Tallahassee, FL, USA  2: Department of Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, 87801, NM, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, 99352, Richland, WA, USA  4: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA  5: AEA Technology Environment, National Environmental Technology Centre, Culham, OX14 3DB, Abingdon, Oxon, UK  6: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, 37932, Knoxville, TN, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: GOLD mines & mining; Subject Term: HOT springs; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: ANTHRAQUINONES; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deep subsurface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermus scotoductus; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212220 Gold and silver ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212221 Gold Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00792-003-0357-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lanceros-Mendez, S.
AU  - Schmidt, V.H.
AU  - Shapiro, S.A.
T1  - Paraelectric-Antiferroelectric Phase Coexistence in the Deuteron Glass Rb0.5(ND4)0.5D2AsO4.
JO  - Ferroelectrics
JF  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 300
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
EP  - 120
SN  - 00150193
AB  - Neutron diffraction was used to study the paraelectric (PE) to antiferroelectric (AFE) phase transition in a deuteron glass crystal Rb0.5(ND4)0.5D2AsO4 (DRADA-50). Coexistence of AFE and PE phases was proven in a temperature range 7-12 K wide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - RUBIDIUM
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - antiferroelectrics
KW  - coexistence
KW  - neutron diffraction
KW  - Proton glass
N1  - Accession Number: 13962993; Lanceros-Mendez, S. 1 Schmidt, V.H. 2 Shapiro, S.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Fisica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal  2: Dept. of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 300 Issue 1, p117; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: RUBIDIUM; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: antiferroelectrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: coexistence; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeng, Z.
AU  - Natesan, K.
T1  - Fabrication of CaO insulator coatings by MOCVD for application in vanadium/lithium blankets
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 70
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The blanket system is one of the most important components in a fusion reactor because it has a major impact on both the economics and safety of fusion energy. The primary functions of the blanket in a deuterium/tritium-fueled fusion reactor are to convert the fusion energy into sensible heat and to breed tritium for the fuel cycle. The self-cooled liquid metal blanket concept requires an electrically insulating coating on the first-wall structural material to minimize the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pressure drop that occurs during the flow of liquid metal in a magnetic field. Calcium oxide is a possible coating material because it is an excellent electrical insulator and it has large negative free energy to prevent the attack from liquid lithium. In this paper, details are presented on the metallorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method that was used to fabricate the CaO coating. The as-deposited CaO coating was annealed in calcium vapor to prevent coating spallation. Composition and phase analyses of the coating were performed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the coating did not crack after several thermal cycles from room temperature to 715 °C. The resistance of the coating was high enough for application as an insulating coating for the self-cooled lithium blanket in fusion systems. The information on Li compatibility is only preliminary and additional effort is needed to evaluate their long-term performance in fusion-relevant conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - CaO
KW  - Coolant blanket
KW  - Fusion
KW  - Insulator coating
N1  - Accession Number: 12236568; Zeng, Z.; Email Address: zeng@anl.gov Natesan, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 70 Issue 2, p87; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Author-Supplied Keyword: CaO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coolant blanket; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulator coating; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0920-3796(03)00400-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12236568&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leem, Sun-Hee
AU  - Kouprina, Natalay
AU  - Grimwood, Jane
AU  - Kim, Jung-Hyun
AU  - Mullokandov, Michael
AU  - Yoon, Young-Ho
AU  - Chae, Ji-Youn
AU  - Morgan, Jenna
AU  - Lucas, Susan
AU  - Richardson, Paul
AU  - Detter, Chris
AU  - Glavina, Tijana
AU  - Rubin, Eddy
AU  - Barrett, J. Carl
AU  - Larionov, Vladimir
T1  - Closing the Gaps on Human Chromosome 19 Revealed Genes With a High Density of Repetitive Tandemly Arrayed Elements.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 246
SN  - 10889051
AB  - Reports on the method for closing the gaps on human chrosomes 19 revealed genes with a high density of repetitive tandemly arrayed elements. Use of the alternative recombinational cloning system in yeast to accelerate work on closing the remainingg gaps in the human genome to achieve the goal of annotation of all human genes; Generation of a complete sequence of genes including the neuronal cell signaling gene SCK1/SLI; Analysis of the gap sequence.
KW  - GAP junctions (Cell biology)
KW  - HUMAN chromosomes
KW  - MOLECULAR cloning
KW  - HUMAN genome
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - CELLS
N1  - Accession Number: 12690164; Leem, Sun-Hee 1,2 Kouprina, Natalay 1 Grimwood, Jane 3 Kim, Jung-Hyun 1,2 Mullokandov, Michael 1 Yoon, Young-Ho 1,2 Chae, Ji-Youn 1,2 Morgan, Jenna 4 Lucas, Susan 4 Richardson, Paul 4 Detter, Chris 4 Glavina, Tijana 4 Rubin, Eddy 4 Barrett, J. Carl 1 Larionov, Vladimir 1; Email Address: larionov@mail.nih.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Biosystems and Cancer, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI, NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA  2: Department of Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea  3: Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA  4: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p239; Subject Term: GAP junctions (Cell biology); Subject Term: HUMAN chromosomes; Subject Term: MOLECULAR cloning; Subject Term: HUMAN genome; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: CELLS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eggleston, Carrick M.
AU  - Stack, Andrew G.
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Bice, Angela M.
T1  - Adatom Fe(III) on the hematite surface: Observation of a key reactive surface species.
JO  - Geochemical Transactions
JF  - Geochemical Transactions
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 40
SN  - 14674866
AB  - The reactivity of a mineral surface is determined by the variety and population of different types of surface sites (e.g., step, kink, adatom, and defect sites). The concept of "adsorbed nutrient" has been built into crystal growth theories, and many other studies of mineral surface reactivity appeal to ill-defined "active sites." Despite their theoretical importance, there has been little direct experimental or analytical investigation of the structure and properties of such species. Here, we use ex-situ and in-situ scanning tunneling microcopy (STM) combined with calculated images based on a resonant tunneling model to show that observed nonperiodic protrusions and depressions on the hematite (001) surface can be explained as Fe in an adsorbed or adatom state occupying sites different from those that result from simple termination of the bulk mineral. The number of such sites varies with sample preparation history, consistent with their removal from the surface in low pH solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geochemical Transactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - HEMATITE
KW  - REACTIVITY (Chemistry)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 30095305; Eggleston, Carrick M. 1; Email Address: carrick@uwyo.edu Stack, Andrew G. 2; Email Address: astack@ucdavis.edu Rosso, Kevin M. 3; Email Address: Kevin.Rosso@pnl.gov Bice, Angela M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071-3006  2: Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California 95616  3: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 5, p33; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: HEMATITE; Subject Term: REACTIVITY (Chemistry); Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1772991
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=30095305&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Larsen, Joern T.
AU  - Serne, R. Jeff
T1  - Geochemical evolution of highly alkaline and saline tank waste plumes during seepage through vadose zone sediments 1 <FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>Associate editor: G. R. Helz</FN>
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 68
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Leakage of highly saline and alkaline radioactive waste from storage tanks into underlying sediments is a serious environmental problem at the Hanford Site in Washington State. This study focuses on geochemical evolution of tank waste plumes resulting from interactions between the waste solution and sediment. A synthetic tank waste solution was infused into unsaturated Hanford sediment columns (0.2, 0.6, and 2 m) maintained at 70°C to simulate the field contamination process. Spatially and temporally resolved geochemical profiles of the waste plume were obtained. Thorough OH− neutralization (from an initial pH 14 down to 6.3) was observed. Three broad zones of pore solutions were identified to categorize the dominant geochemical reactions: the silicate dissolution zone (pH > 10), pH-neutralized zone (pH 10 to 6.5), and displaced native sediment pore water (pH 6.5 to 8). Elevated concentrations of Si, Fe, and K in plume fluids and their depleted concentrations in plume sediments reflected dissolution of primary minerals within the silicate dissolution zone. The very high Na concentrations in the waste solution resulted in rapid and complete cation exchange, reflected in high concentrations of Ca and Mg at the plume front. The plume-sediment profiles also showed deposition of hydrated solids and carbonates. Fair correspondence was obtained between these results and analyses of field borehole samples from a waste plume at the Hanford Site. Results of this study provide a well-defined framework for understanding waste plumes in the more complex field setting and for understanding geochemical factors controlling transport of contaminant species carried in waste solutions that leaked from single-shell storage tanks in the past. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKALINE earth oxides
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - ALLUVIAL plains
KW  - ANALYTICAL geochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 11957398; Wan, Jiamin 1; Email Address: jwan@lbl.gov Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1 Larsen, Joern T. 1 Serne, R. Jeff 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Environmental Technology Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 68 Issue 3, p491; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth oxides; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: ALLUVIAL plains; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL geochemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00482-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11957398&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
T1  - Numerical Simulation of Reactive Flow in Hot Aquifers: Christoph Clauser (Ed.); Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, ISBN 3-540-43868-8, hard back, €169-95, US$179, 332 pages
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 213
EP  - 215
SN  - 03756505
N1  - Accession Number: 22382810; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: k_pruess@lbl.gov Xu, Tianfu 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 33 Issue 1/2, p213; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22382810&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bleck, Rainer
AU  - Sun, Shan
T1  - Diagnostics of the oceanic thermohaline circulation in a coupled climate model
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 09218181
AB  - Two century-scale integrations of a global coupled model consisting of the GISS atmospheric model and the HYCOM ocean model are carried out: a control run assuming fixed atmospheric composition, and a perturbation run assuming gradual doubling of CO2. The model does not use flux corrections at the air–sea interface, nor is the ocean “spun up” prior to coupling. When increasing CO2 at the rate of 1% per year to twice its original level and keeping it constant thereafter, the model responds with a 2 °C increase in 200 years in the global mean surface air temperature and a virtually unchanged Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC). Due to the predominantly isopycnic character of HYCOM, geographic details of the 3-D thermohaline circulation in potential density space can be extracted from the model output with relative ease. The analysis confirms that even regional details of the MOC in this experiment are rather insensitive to the climate change brought on by CO2 doubling. Furthermore, the analysis reveals strong similarities between the simulated and the observed MOC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Atmospheric models
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Geography
KW  - Climate model
KW  - HYCOM
KW  - Oceanic thermohaline circulation
N1  - Accession Number: 11536625; Bleck, Rainer 1; Email Address: bleck@lanl.gov; Sun, Shan 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B296, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 40 Issue 3/4, p233; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric models; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Geography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate model; Author-Supplied Keyword: HYCOM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oceanic thermohaline circulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003.04.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=11536625&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Delmau, Lætitia H.
AU  - Bonnesen, Peter V.
AU  - Moyer, Bruce A.
T1  - A solution to stripping problems caused by organophilic anion impurities in crown-ether-based solvent extraction systems: a case study of cesium removal from radioactive wastes
JO  - Hydrometallurgy
JF  - Hydrometallurgy
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 0304386X
AB  - A problem related to stripping efficiency has been identified in the use of crown ether derivatives to extract alkali metal salts, and a simple solution is proposed. Focusing on the specific case of cesium extraction from simulants of alkaline nuclear waste by a calix-crown ether, calix[4]arene-bis(tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) (BOBCalixC6), it has been shown that low concentrations of a common surfactant, dodecylsulfonate, seriously impairs stripping. This surfactant has been identified as a trace component in laboratory simulants and was subsequently studied in experiments in which it was added in controlled amounts. Computer modeling of stripping behavior is consistent with the formation of a 1:1:1 organic-phase complex of the calix-crown with cesium and its nitrate counterion. In the presence of an organophilic surfactant anion, cesium ion can only effectively be stripped from the solvent until its organic-phase concentration becomes equivalent to that of the surfactant anion. Cleanup of nuclear waste requires a high decontamination factor for 137Cs, and insufficient stripping therefore leads to process failure. This difficulty raises a generic issue for use of crown ethers for waste decontamination or for other hydrometallurgical applications. However, remediation is possible by simply adding an alkylamine to the solvent. The alkylamine in its ammonium form acts as a counterion of the organophilic anion, suppressing the deleterious effects of the organophilic anion and allowing the cesium cation to be stripped efficiently. Trioctylamine (TOA) at a concentration of only 1 mM was found effective at restoring stripping performance while not affecting extraction. Ultimately, this solvent amendment enabled the development of a robust solvent for the Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process and its successful demonstration on actual nuclear waste. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Hydrometallurgy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - CESIUM coating
KW  - Crown ether
KW  - Organophilic anion impurities
KW  - Stripping
N1  - Accession Number: 12169803; Delmau, Lætitia H. Bonnesen, Peter V. 1 Moyer, Bruce A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Separations Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500S, MS-6119, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: CESIUM coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crown ether; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organophilic anion impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripping; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-386X(03)00120-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12169803&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yocky, David A.
AU  - Wahl, Daniel E.
AU  - Jakowatz Jr., Charles V.
T1  - Terrain Elevation Mapping Results From Airborne Spotlight-Mode Coherent Cross-Track SAR Stereo.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 308
SN  - 01962892
AB  - Coherent cross-track synthetic aperture radar (SAR) stereo is shown to produce high-resolution three-dimensional maps of the earth surface. This mode utilizes image pairs with common synthetic apertures but different squint angles allowing automated stereo correspondence and disparity estimation using complex correlation calculations. This paper presents two Ku-band, coherent cross-track stereo collects over rolling and rugged terrain. The first collect generates a digital elevation map (DEM) with 1-m posts over rolling terrain using complex SAR imagery with spatial resolution of 0.125 m and a stereo convergence angle of 13.8°. The second collect produces multiple DEMs with 3-rn posts over rugged terrain utilizing complex SAR imagery with spatial resolutions better than 0.5 m and stereo convergence angles greater than 40°. The resulting DEMS are compared to ground-truth DEMS and relative height root-mean-square (RMS), linear error 90-percent confidence (LE9O), and maximum height error are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - MAPS
KW  - SYNTHETIC aperture radar
KW  - ALTITUDES
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - CARTOGRAPHY
KW  - SURFACE
KW  - Automation
KW  - coherent processing
KW  - DEM
KW  - spotlight mode SAR
KW  - stereo SAR
KW  - terrain mapping.
N1  - Accession Number: 12444295; Yocky, David A. 1; Email Address: dayocky@sandia.gov Wahl, Daniel E. 1 Jakowatz Jr., Charles V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1207 USA.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p301; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: MAPS; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC aperture radar; Subject Term: ALTITUDES; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: CARTOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SURFACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automation; Author-Supplied Keyword: coherent processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: DEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: spotlight mode SAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: stereo SAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: terrain mapping.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541360 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TGRS.2003.817683
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12444295&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kargupta, Hillol
AU  - Park, Byung-Hoon
T1  - A Fourier Spectrum-Based Approach to Represent Decision Trees for Mining Data Streams in Mobile Environments.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
EP  - 229
SN  - 10414347
AB  - This paper presents a novel Fourier analysis-based approach to combine, transmit, and visualize decision trees in a mobile environment. Fourier representation of a decision tree has several interesting properties that are particularly useful for mining data streams from small mobile computing devices connected through limited-bandwidth wireless networks. This paper presents algorithms to compute the Fourier spectrum of a decision tree and outlines a technique to construct a decision tree from its Fourier spectrum. It offers a framework to aggregate decision trees in their Fourier representations. It also describes the MobiMine, a mobile data stream mining system, that uses the developed techniques for mining stock-market data from handheld devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECISION trees
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - DATA mining
KW  - MOBILE computing
KW  - COMPUTER algorithms
KW  - STOCK exchanges
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - decision trees
KW  - Fourier spectrum.
KW  - Mobile data mining
N1  - Accession Number: 12313478; Kargupta, Hillol 1; Email Address: hillol@cs.umbc.edu Park, Byung-Hoon 2; Email Address: parkbh@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, 1000 Hilltop Circle, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008 M56355, Oak Ridge, TN 37831.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p216; Subject Term: DECISION trees; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: DATA mining; Subject Term: MOBILE computing; Subject Term: COMPUTER algorithms; Subject Term: STOCK exchanges; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Author-Supplied Keyword: decision trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier spectrum.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobile data mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523210 Securities and Commodity Exchanges; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sadrozinski, Hartmut F. -W.
AU  - BashkIrov, Vladimir
AU  - Keeney, Brian
AU  - Johnson, Leah R.
AU  - Peggs, Stephen G.
AU  - Ross, Gabe
AU  - Satogata, Todd
AU  - Schulte, Reinhard W. M.
AU  - Seiden, Abraham
AU  - Shanazi, Kabiz
AU  - Williams, David C.
T1  - Toward Proton Computed Tomography.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 9
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Proton therapy, long regarded as a superior method of radiation therapy, is now becoming more cost effective and is being used in a number of clinical centers around the world. In light of this development the use of the proton beam itself should be considered for the most accurate method of treatment planning. X-ray computed tomography (XCT), which is widely available, has been used for the treatment planning for proton therapy. The basic interactions of XCT in matter are fundamentally different than those of the protons. Thus, the resulting density map from XCT is only an approximation of the true density map for proton therapy. Progress in proton computed tomography (pCT) is presented in this work. The experimental requirements for pCT are examined, and data analysis and Monte Carlo simulations are used to estimate the feasibility of pCT as an imaging modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Tomography
KW  - Protons
KW  - Radiotherapy
KW  - Therapeutics
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Numerical calculations
KW  - Proton radiation effects
KW  - tomography.
N1  - Accession Number: 13070509; Sadrozinski, Hartmut F. -W. 1; Email Address: hartmut@scipp.ucsc.edu; BashkIrov, Vladimir 2; Email Address: vbashkirov@dominion.llumc.edu; Keeney, Brian 1; Email Address: bkeeney@scipp.ucsc.edu; Johnson, Leah R. 1; Email Address: leah@scipp.ucsc.edu; Peggs, Stephen G. 3; Email Address: peggs@bnl.gov; Ross, Gabe 1; Email Address: gabe@scipp.ucsc.edu; Satogata, Todd 3; Email Address: satogata@bnl.gov; Schulte, Reinhard W. M. 2; Email Address: rschulte@dominion.llumc.edu; Seiden, Abraham 1; Email Address: abs@scipp.ucsc.edu; Shanazi, Kabiz 2; Email Address: kshanazi@dominion.llumc.edu; Williams, David C. 1; Email Address: davidw@scipp.ucsc.edu; Affiliations: 1: Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; 2: Department of Radiation Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA.; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Feb2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: Tomography; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Radiotherapy; Subject Term: Therapeutics; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Numerical calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: tomography.; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2003.823044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13070509&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Yongho
AU  - Woo Seok Kang
AU  - Jin Myung Park
AU  - Sang Hee Hong
AU  - Young-hoon Song
AU  - Seock Joon Kim
T1  - Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Streamers in Pulsed Corona and Dielectric Barrier Discharges.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 24
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Streamer characteristics have been experlinentaily and numerically analyzed for pulsed-corona discharge (PCD) and dielectric-bather discharge (DBD) to find out how the discharge methods determine them and how they, in turn, affect the generation of radicals in flue gases. Experiments have been performed and compared for decomposition of a nitrogen oxide (NO) using PCD and DBD, and the electric field and average electron energy in the streamer are measured in each discharge by using line ratio of N2+ to N2. The measured results of electron energy reasonably explain in tennis of "G-value" how the measured NO removal efficiencies have come out. The PCD having high electron energy turns out to be more efficient for generating N radicals, whereas the DBD containing relatively low electron energy is more effective for producing 0 radicals. Three-dimensional (3-D) and one-dimensional (1-D) numerical simulations have been carried out to understand the observed streamer dynamics in both the PCI) and DBD reactors. The 3-D numerical simulation has successfully illustrated the images of streamer front propagation in a wire-cylinder PCD reactor. In the 1-D simulation for the DBD, the recurrence phenomena of streamers have numerically appeared during the rising phase of an ac voltage. Furthermore, these numerical models have properly predicted the electric fields that are comparable with the corresponding average electron energies estimated from the emission spectral measurements for the PCD and DED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - CORONA (Electricity)
KW  - Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)
KW  - nitrogen oxide (NO) decomposition
KW  - numerical modeling
KW  - optical emission spectroscopy
KW  - pulsed corona discharge (PCD)
KW  - streamer characteristics.
N1  - Accession Number: 13120653; Kim, Yongho 1; Email Address: yhkim@lanl.gov Woo Seok Kang 2 Jin Myung Park 3 Sang Hee Hong 3; Email Address: hongsh@snu.ac.kr Young-hoon Song 4 Seock Joon Kim 4; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: korea Institute of Science and Technology Evaluation and Planning, Seoul 137-130, Korea.  3: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.  4: Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 305-343, Korea.; Source Info: Feb2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: CORONA (Electricity); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD); Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen oxide (NO) decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical emission spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsed corona discharge (PCD); Author-Supplied Keyword: streamer characteristics.; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.823960
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13120653&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goncharov, Alexey A.
AU  - Brown, Ian G.
T1  - High-Current Heavy Ion Beams in the Electrostatic Plasma Lens.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
EP  - 83
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We describe applications of the electrostatic plasma lens for manipulating and focusing moderate-energy, high-current, broad, heavy ion beams. Use of a plasma lens in this way has been successfully demonstrated in a series of experiments carried out collaboratively between the Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, in recent years. Mere, we briefly review the plasma lens fundamentals, peculiarities of focusing heavy ion beams, and summarize some recent developments (experiments, computer simulations, theory). We show that there is a very narrow range of low magnetic field for which the optical properties of the lens improve markedly. This opens up some attractive possibilities for the development of a new-generation compact lens based on permanent magnets. Preliminary experimental results obtained at Kiev and Berkeley on the operation of a permanent magnet plasma lens for manipulating wide aperture high-current heavy ion beams are presented and summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - IONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - UKRAINE
KW  - Heavy ion beams
KW  - high-current ion beams
KW  - ion manipulation
KW  - ion-beam focusing
KW  - plasma lens
KW  - plasma optics.
N1  - Accession Number: 13120662; Goncharov, Alexey A. 1; Email Address: kgonchar@iop.kiev.ua Brown, Ian G. 2; Email Address: igbrown@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Insutute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine, kiev 01650, Ukraine.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Feb2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p80; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: UKRAINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-current ion beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion manipulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion-beam focusing; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma lens; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma optics.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.823903
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13120662&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Intrator, T. P.
AU  - Park, Jaeyoung Y.
AU  - Degnan, James H.
AU  - Furno, I.
AU  - Grabowski, Chris
AU  - Hsu, S. C.
AU  - Ruden, Edward L.
AU  - Sanchez, P. G.
AU  - Taccetti, J. Martin
AU  - Tuszewski, M.
AU  - Waganaar, W. J.
AU  - Wurden, Glen A.
AU  - Zhang, Shouyin Y.
AU  - Zhehui Wang
T1  - A High-Density Field Reversed Configuration Plasma for Magnetized Target Fusion.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/02//Feb2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 152
EP  - 160
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We describe a program to demonstrate the scientific basis of magnetized target fusion (MTF). MTF is a "potentially low-cost path to fusion which is intermediate in plasma regime between magnetic (MFE) and inertial fusion energy (IFE). MTF involves the Compression of a magnetized target plasma and pressure times volume (PdV) heating to fusion relevant conditions inside a converging flux conserving boundary. We have chosen to demonstrate MTF by using a field-reversed configuration (FRC) as our magnetized target plasma and an imploding metal liner for compression. These choices take advantage of significant past scientific and technical accomplishments in MFE and defense programs research and should yield substantial plasma performance (nr > 1013 s-cm³ T > 5 key) using an available pulsed-power implosion facility at modest cost. We have recently shown the density, temperature, and lifetime of this FRC to be within a factor of 2-3 of that required for use as a suitable target plasma for MIT compression for a fusion demonstration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Field-reversed configuration
KW  - fusion energy
KW  - magnetized target fusion (MTF).
N1  - Accession Number: 13120671; Intrator, T. P. 1; Email Address: intrator@lanl.gov Park, Jaeyoung Y. 1 Degnan, James H. 2 Furno, I. 1 Grabowski, Chris 2 Hsu, S. C. 1 Ruden, Edward L. 2 Sanchez, P. G. 1 Taccetti, J. Martin 1 Tuszewski, M. 1 Waganaar, W. J. 1 Wurden, Glen A. 1 Zhang, Shouyin Y. 1 Zhehui Wang 1; Affiliation:  1: P-24 Plasma Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland, NM 87117 USA.; Source Info: Feb2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p152; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field-reversed configuration; Author-Supplied Keyword: fusion energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetized target fusion (MTF).; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.823974
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13120671&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dong, L.
AU  - Crow, M. L.
AU  - Yang, Z.
AU  - Shen, C.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Atcitty, S.
T1  - A Reconfigurable FACTS System for University Laboratories.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
EP  - 128
SN  - 08858950
AB  - To fully understand the dynamic performance of the multiple flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) devices, a hardware setup is needed to complement software simulation for university research laboratories. This paper presents the schematic and basic controls of a reconfigurable FACTS system that can be used to realize the major voltage-sourced-converter FACTS topologies: the StatCom, the static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), and the unified power-flow controller (UPFC). Furthermore, the state models and control algorithms for the FACTS devices are proposed. The digital signal processor (DSP)-based control system enables new control methods to be rapidly implemented. The comparison of the experimental, and simulation results is also provided to verify the proposed controls. The paper culminates in a list of suggested experiments appropriate for an elective/graduate course in electric power systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLEXIBLE AC transmission systems
KW  - POWER electronics
KW  - INTERCONNECTED electric utility systems
KW  - ELECTRIC power transmission -- Alternating current
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - Control
KW  - flexible ac transmission system
KW  - laboratory development.
N1  - Accession Number: 12470838; Dong, L. 1 Crow, M. L. 1 Yang, Z. 1 Shen, C. 1 Zhang, L. 1 Atcitty, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO 65409-0040 USA.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p120; Subject Term: FLEXIBLE AC transmission systems; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTED electric utility systems; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power transmission -- Alternating current; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Control; Author-Supplied Keyword: flexible ac transmission system; Author-Supplied Keyword: laboratory development.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPWRS.2003.821022
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12470838&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Love, Lonnie J.
AU  - Book, Wayne J.
T1  - Force Reflecting Teleoperation with Adaptive Impedance Control.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics: Part B
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics: Part B
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 165
SN  - 10834419
AB  - Experimentation and a survey of the literature clearly show that contact stability in a force reflecting teleoperation system requires high levels of damping on the master robot. However, excessive damping increases the energy required by an operator for commanding motion. The objective of this paper is to describe a new force reflecting teleoperation methodology that reduces operator energy requirements without sacrificing stability. We begin by describing a new approach to modeling and identifying the remote environment of the teleoperation system. We combine a conventional multi-input, multi-output recursive least squares (MIMO-RLS) system identification, identifying in real-time the remote environment impedance, with a discretized representation of the remote environment. This methodology generates a time-varying, position-dependent representation of the remote environment dynamics. Next, we adapt the target impedance of the master robot with respect to the dynamic model of the remote environment. The environment estimation and impedance adaptation are executed simultaneously and in real time. We demonstrate, through experimentation, that this approach significantly reduces the energy required by an operator to execute remote tasks while simultaneously providing sufficient damping to ensure contact stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man & Cybernetics: Part B is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADAPTIVE control systems
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - SELF-organizing systems
KW  - SYSTEM identification
KW  - FEEDBACK control systems
KW  - ROBOTS
KW  - Adaptive control
KW  - force reflection
KW  - identification
KW  - teleoperation.
N1  - Accession Number: 12335595; Love, Lonnie J. 1 Book, Wayne J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Robotics and Process Systems Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA.  2: School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p159; Subject Term: ADAPTIVE control systems; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Subject Term: SELF-organizing systems; Subject Term: SYSTEM identification; Subject Term: FEEDBACK control systems; Subject Term: ROBOTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive control; Author-Supplied Keyword: force reflection; Author-Supplied Keyword: identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: teleoperation.; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TSMCB.2003.811756
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12335595&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chao, Dennis L.
AU  - Davenport, Miles P.
AU  - Forrest, Stephanie
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Special Feature Modelling the impact of antigen kinetics on T-cell activation and response.
JO  - Immunology & Cell Biology
JF  - Immunology & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 61
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 08189641
AB  - Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses are thought to be important for the control of many viral and other infections. Qualitative aspects of the CTL response, including the epitope specificity, affinity, and clonal composition, may affect the ability of T cells to mediate infection control. Although it is clear that the mode of introduction and the dose of antigen can affect these qualitative aspects of the response, little is understood of the mechanisms. We have developed an in silico model of the CTL response, which we use to study the impact of antigen dose, antigen kinetics and repeated antigen delivery on the response. The results suggest that recent observations on differences in response to killed antigen can be explained simply by differences in timing of T-cell activation. These findings may provide insight into how different vaccination strategies can quantitatively and qualitatively affect the outcome of the immune response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology & Cell Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - VACCINATION
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - antigen kinetics
KW  - cell activation
KW  - computer modeling
KW  - cytotoxic t lymphocytes
KW  - t&shy
KW  - vaccination
N1  - Accession Number: 12119268; Chao, Dennis L. 1; Email Address: dlchao@cs.unm.edu Davenport, Miles P. 2 Forrest, Stephanie 1,3 Perelson, Alan S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital and Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia  3: Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA  4: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 82 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: VACCINATION; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: antigen kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: cell activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytotoxic t lymphocytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: t&shy; Author-Supplied Keyword: vaccination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2004.01207.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12119268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sherman, M. H.
AU  - Hodgson, A. T.
T1  - Formaldehyde as a basis for residential ventilation rates.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 2
EP  - 9
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - Traditionally, houses in the US have been ventilated by passive infiltration in combination with active window opening. However in recent years, the construction quality of residential building envelopes has been improved to reduce infiltration, and the use of windows for ventilation also may have decreased due to a number of factors. Thus, there has been increased interest in engineered ventilation systems for residences. The amount of ventilation provided by an engineered system should be set to protect occupants from unhealthy or objectionable exposures to indoor pollutants, while minimizing energy costs for conditioning incoming air. Determining the correct ventilation rate is a complex task, as there are numerous pollutants of potential concern, each having poorly characterized emission rates, and poorly defined acceptable levels of exposure. One ubiquitous pollutant in residences is formaldehyde. The sources of formaldehyde in new houses are reasonably understood, and there is a large body of literature on human health effects. This report examines the use of formaldehyde as a means of determining ventilation rates and uses existing data on emission rates of formaldehyde in new houses to derive recommended levels. Based on current, widely accepted concentration guidelines for formaldehyde, the minimum and guideline ventilation rates for most new houses are 0.28 and 0.5 air changes per hour, respectively. This report uses measured levels of formaldehyde emission and authoritative exposure standards to develop minimum ventilation rates for dwellings. Rates suitable for both targets and norms are developed. Limits on the applicability of the data are discussed. Because of the insensibility of formaldehyde at these concentrations, this report implies that minimum mechanical rates must be independent of occupant control to keep the concentration below the standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DWELLINGS -- Heating & ventilation
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - FORMALDEHYDE
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - Emission factors
KW  - Formaldehyde
KW  - Houses
KW  - Non-occupational exposure guidelines
KW  - Ventilation
N1  - Accession Number: 12127963; Sherman, M. H. 1; Email Address: mhsherman@lbl.gov Hodgson, A. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p2; Subject Term: DWELLINGS -- Heating & ventilation; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: FORMALDEHYDE; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Formaldehyde; Author-Supplied Keyword: Houses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-occupational exposure guidelines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1600-0668.2003.00188.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raber, Ellen
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
AU  - Folks, Karen J.
AU  - Kirvel, Robert D.
AU  - Daniels, Jeffrey I.
AU  - Bogen, Kenneth T.
T1  - How clean is clean enough? Recent developments in response to threats posed by chemical and biological warfare agents.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 41
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09603123
AB  - Recent terrorist events underscore the urgent need to develop a comprehensive set of health-protective cleanup standards and effective decontamination technologies for use in the restoration of civilian facilities. Accurate scientific information remains limited in the area of biological warfare agents. However, new guidelines and calculated cleanup values are emerging for initial re-entry and long-term reoccupation following use of chemical warfare agents. This article addresses airborne, soil, and surface exposures following release of G-type chemical warfare agents and VX. Cleanup goals should be tailored to the type of population that may be exposed, potential exposure times, and other scenario-specific considerations. Three different airborne concentrations are proposed for cleanup of public sector facilities. One value is recommended for initial re-entry; a more conservative value is recommended for long-term monitoring and increased public confidence; and a third, even more conservative concentration represents essentially a no-effect level for round-the-clock airborne exposure. Health-based cleanup levels are provided for contaminated residential and industrial soil. Results are presented on the outcome of a preliminary risk assessment to determine safe surface levels (e.g., walls, floors, and handrails) for cleanup after exposure to the G agents and VX. Because specific cleanup criteria for most biological warfare agents remain problematic, recommendations are made for filling the knowledge gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Health Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biological warfare
KW  - Chemical warfare
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Biological decontamination
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Chemical warfare agents
KW  - Biological warfare agent
KW  - chemical warfare agent
KW  - contamination
KW  - decontamination
N1  - Accession Number: 11622294; Raber, Ellen 1; Email Address: raber1@llnl.gov; Carlsen, Tina M. 1; Folks, Karen J. 1; Kirvel, Robert D. 1; Daniels, Jeffrey I. 2; Bogen, Kenneth T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Protection Department, Energy and Environment Directorate, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.; 2: Environmental Science Division, Energy and Environment Directorate, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p31; Thesaurus Term: Biological warfare; Thesaurus Term: Chemical warfare; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Biological decontamination; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Subject Term: Chemical warfare agents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical warfare agent; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: decontamination; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09603120310001633886
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strout, Michelle Mills
AU  - Carter, Larry
AU  - Ferrante, Jeanne
AU  - Kreaseck, Barbara
T1  - SPARSE TILING FOR STATIONARY ITERATIVE METHODS.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 113
SN  - 10943420
AB  - In modern computers, a program's data locality can affect performance significantly. This article details full sparse tiling, a run-time reordering transformation that improves the data locality for stationary iterative methods such as Gauss-Seidel operating on sparse matrices. In scientific applications such as finite element analysis, these iterative methods dominate the execution time. Full sparse tiling chooses a permutation of the rows and columns of the sparse matrix, and then an order of execution that achieves better data locality.
KW  - TILING (Mathematics)
KW  - SPARSE matrices
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ELECTRON tubes -- Grids
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 12912217; Strout, Michelle Mills 1 Carter, Larry 2 Ferrante, Jeanne 2 Kreaseck, Barbara 3; Affiliation:  1: ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY.  2: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO.  3: LA SIERRA UNIVERSITY.; Source Info: Spring2004, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: TILING (Mathematics); Subject Term: SPARSE matrices; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ELECTRON tubes -- Grids; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004041294
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ragnarsson, Ingemar
AU  - Kondev, Filip G.
AU  - Paul, Edward S.
AU  - Riley, Mark A.
AU  - Simpson, John
T1  - THE NUCLEAR MASS AT FINITE ANGULAR MOMENTA.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 96
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02183013
AB  - The definition of experimental shell energies for nuclear ground states is generalized to finite angular momenta corresponding to a systematic expansion of the (N,Z)-plane to an (N,Z,I) space. Special emphasis is put on high-spin states where it is expected that odd and even nuclei should have similar properties. Different coupling schemes are compared and energetically favoured conditions to build high-spin states are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12615794; Ragnarsson, Ingemar 1; Email Address: ingermar.ragnarsson@matfys.lth.se Kondev, Filip G. 2; Email Address: kondev@anl.gov Paul, Edward S. 3; Email Address: esp@ns.ph.liv.ac.uk Riley, Mark A. 4; Email Address: mriley@nucmar.physics.fsu.edu Simpson, John 5; Email Address: j.simpson@dl.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Division of Mathematical Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden  2: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory. Agonne, Illinois, USA  3: Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom  4: Department of Physics, Forida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA  5: CCLRC, Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p87; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heenen, P.-H.
AU  - Bender, M.
AU  - Bonche, P.
AU  - Duguet, T.
T1  - DESCRIPTION OF SHAPE COEXISTENCE BY MEAN-FIELD AND BEYOND MEAN-FIELD METHODS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 138
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02183013
AB  - In this talk, we present a method which allows the introduction of correlations beyond a Skyrme Hartree-Fock calculation by symmetry restoration and configuration mixing on the axial quadrupole moment. A first application to [sup 240]Pu is discussed, to show the potential of the method. As an example of the shape coexistence phenomenon in Pb isotopes, results for collective spectra and transition probabilities are then presented for [sup 188]Pb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - SKYRME model
N1  - Accession Number: 12615786; Heenen, P.-H. 1; Email Address: phheenen@ulb.ac.be Bender, M. 1 Bonche, P. 2 Duguet, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: PNTPM, Universite de Bruxelles, CP229, B1050 Brussels, Belgium  2: Service de Physique Theorique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p133; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: SKYRME model; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevenson, P. D.
AU  - Strayer, M. R.
AU  - Stone, J. Rikovska
AU  - Newton, W. G.
T1  - GIANT RESONANCES FROM TDHF.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 185
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02183013
AB  - A method of calculating giant resonance strength functions using Time-Dependent Hartree-Fock techniques is described. An application to isoscalar giant monopole resonances in spherical nuclei is made, thus allowing a comparison between independent 1-, 2- and 3-Dimensional computer codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GIANT nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 12615779; Stevenson, P. D. 1; Email Address: p.stevenson@surrey.ac.uk Strayer, M. R. 2 Stone, J. Rikovska 3 Newton, W. G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Surrey  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America  3: Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p181; Subject Term: GIANT nuclear magnetic resonance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Światecki, W. J.
AU  - Siwek-Wilczyńska, K.
AU  - Wilczyński, J.
T1  - CALCULATIONS OF CROSS SECTIONS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SUPER-HEAVY NUCLEI IN COLD FUSION REACTIONS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 267
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02183013
AB  - The fusion cross sections are considered to be given by the product of three factors: the cross section to overcome the Coulomb barrier, the probability for the resulting system to reach the compound nucleus configuration by diffusion, and the probability for the compound nucleus to survive fission. The first and third factors are treated by more or less conventional equations, and the second by Brownian diffusion in one dimension. Adjusting one free parameter in the theory one can reproduce the twelve measured cross sections to within a factor of two. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - COMPOUND nucleus
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 12615768; Światecki, W. J. 1; Email Address: wjswiatecki@lbl.gov Siwek-Wilczyńska, K. 2; Email Address: siwek@npdaxp.fuw.edu.pl Wilczyński, J. 3; Email Address: wilczynski@ipj.gov.pl; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University Hoza 69, 00-861 Warsaw, Poland  3: Institute for Nuclear Studies 05-400 Otwock-Świerk, Poland; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p261; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: COMPOUND nucleus; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldberg, Zelanna
AU  - Schwietert, Chad W.
AU  - Lehnert, Bruce
AU  - Stern, Robin
AU  - Nami, Io
T1  - Effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on gene expression in human skin biopsies
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 58
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
SN  - 03603016
AB  - : PurposeSeveral investigations have demonstrated that significant biologic effects can occur in animals, animal cells, immortalized human cell lines, and primary human cells after exposure to doses of ionizing radiation in the low-dose, ≤1–10 cGy region (LDIR). However, little information is available as to how these and other observations pertain to human responses to LDIR, though such knowledge is required for reducing the uncertainty of assessing human risks due to these exposures. We therefore undertook these translational studies to begin the development of a unique data set of human cellular responses to LDIR as measured by gene expression changes when exposure occurs to a normal tissue with its complex cellular mixture and three-dimensional architecture.: Methods and materialsUsing full-thickness human skin resected during esthetic surgery, we obtained biopsy cores and exposed the tissue to LDIR ex vivo. Gene expression changes in five core regulatory genes were assessed by real-time RT-PCR.: ResultsResults indicate that skin is a good biologic model for assessing LDIR in humans, though meticulous attention to sample processing is necessary. LDIR does produce changes in gene expression, though time– and dose–response relationships may be complex.: ConclusionThese proof of principle studies have provided a crucial initial step toward validation of LDIR risk assessment models in humans. We have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach and provide initial evidence that ionizing radiation exposures as low as 1 cGy are biologically active in human skin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL lines
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - DOSAGE of drugs
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - Gene expression profiling
KW  - Human effects
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Low-dose ionizing radiation
KW  - RT-PCR
N1  - Accession Number: 12044092; Goldberg, Zelanna 1; Email Address: zgoldberg@ucdavis.edu Schwietert, Chad W. 1 Lehnert, Bruce 2 Stern, Robin 1 Nami, Io 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 58 Issue 2, p567; Subject Term: CELL lines; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: DOSAGE of drugs; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene expression profiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionizing radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-dose ionizing radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: RT-PCR; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2003.09.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Talal, Andrew H.
AU  - Shata, M. Tarek
AU  - Markatuo, Marianthi
AU  - Dorante, Gary
AU  - Chadburn, Amy
AU  - Koch, Robert
AU  - Neumann, Avidan U.
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Virus Dynamics and Immune Responses During Treatment in Patients Coinfected With Hepatitis C and HIV.
JO  - JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
JF  - JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 113
SN  - 15254135
AB  - Focuses on the mathematical modeling of the biological effect of interferon on virus decay permitting the quantification of the efficacy of blocking virion production in different patient populations.  Characterization of the viral dynamic and immunologic responses of hepatitis C virus infection to daily interferon therapy; Correlation of virion production with treatment outcome in HIV co-infected patients; Response of immunodeficient patients to standard interferon.
KW  - INTERFERONS
KW  - VIRUSES
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - HEPATITIS C virus
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - VIRUS diseases
N1  - Accession Number: 12315743; Talal, Andrew H. 1; Email Address: aht2002@med.cornell.edu Shata, M. Tarek 2 Markatuo, Marianthi 3 Dorante, Gary 1 Chadburn, Amy 4 Koch, Robert 4 Neumann, Avidan U. 5 Ribeiro, Ruy M. Perelson, Alan S. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY  2: Verology Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York, NY  3: Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY  4: Department of Pathology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY  5: Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel  6: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p103; Subject Term: INTERFERONS; Subject Term: VIRUSES; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: HEPATITIS C virus; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: VIRUS diseases; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langan, Paul
AU  - Greene, Gayle
AU  - Schoenborn, Benno P.
T1  - Protein crystallography with spallation neutrons: the user facility at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 31
SN  - 00218898
AB  - In this report a neutron protein crystallography station (PCS) is described that has been built at Los Alamos National Laboratory for the study of proteins using the wavelength-resolved Laue technique. This user facility is the first of its kind to be built at a spallation neutron source and the first to use the wavelength-resolved Laue technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NEUTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12504758; Langan, Paul 1; Email Address: langan_paul@lanl.gov Greene, Gayle 1 Schoenborn, Benno P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany); Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0021889803022891
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Capelle, B.
AU  - Epelboin, Y.
AU  - Härtwig, J.
AU  - Moraleda, A.B.
AU  - Otálora, F.
AU  - Stojanoff, V.
T1  - Characterization of dislocations in protein crystals by means of synchrotron double-crystal topography.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 71
SN  - 00218898
AB  - Hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) crystals have been studied by means of double-crystal synchrotron topography. The crystals reveal a number of features that are quite well known in hydrothermally grown inorganic crystals: dislocations, growth bands and growth sector boundaries. Dislocations in the 〈110〉 sectors have been characterized as edge dislocations with Burgers vector parallel to the c axis. They are distinguishable only under weak beam conditions. The presence of edge dislocations shown in this paper is consistent with the spiral growth steps previously reported. This spiral growth on protein crystals has been observed many times by surface techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LYSOZYMES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 12504764; Capelle, B. 1; Email Address: capelle@lmcp.jussieu.fr Epelboin, Y. 1 Härtwig, J. 2 Moraleda, A.B. 3 Otálora, F. 3 Stojanoff, V. 4; Affiliation:  1: LMCP, Université P. M. Curie, France  2: ESRF, Grenoble Cedex, France  3: LEC (IACT), Campus Fuentenueva (Fac, Ciencias), Spain  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p67; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany); Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: LYSOZYMES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 20 Black and White Photographs, 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0021889803024415
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiangyun Qiu, Kenji
AU  - Božin, Emil S.
AU  - Juhas, Pavol
AU  - Proffen, Thomas
AU  - Billinge, Simon J.L.
T1  - Reciprocal-space instrumental effects on the real-space neutron atomic pair distribution function.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
EP  - 116
SN  - 00218898
AB  - An atomic pair distribution function (PDF) neutron powder diffraction roundrobin experiment was performed on six diffractometers at three spallation sources. Instrument-specific effects on the real-space PDF were investigated, such as finite measurement range, the instrument resolution and the asymmetric shape of diffraction peaks. Two illustrative samples, a perfectly long-rangeordered element, Pb, and a locally strained alloy ZnSe0.5Te0.5, were measured at low temperatures. Various aspects of the PDF were explored, either qualitatively by direct comparison or quantitatively via structural modelling. Future implementation of modelling codes incorporating some of these instrumental effects are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RECIPROCALS (Mathematics)
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
N1  - Accession Number: 12504771; Xiangyun Qiu, Kenji 1 Božin, Emil S. 1 Juhas, Pavol 1 Proffen, Thomas 2 Billinge, Simon J.L. 1; Email Address: billinge@pa.msu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p110; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RECIPROCALS (Mathematics); Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0021889803026670
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeng, Xianzhong
AU  - Mao, Xianglei
AU  - Mao, Samuel S.
AU  - Yoo, Jong H.
AU  - Greif, Ralph
AU  - Russo, Richard E.
T1  - Laser–plasma interactions in fused silica cavities.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 816
EP  - 822
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The effect of laser energy on formation of a plasma inside a cavity was investigated. The temperature and electron number density of laser-induced plasmas in a fused silica cavity were determined using spectroscopic methods, and compared with laser ablation on a flat surface. Plasma temperature and electron number density during laser ablation in a cavity with aspect ratio of 4 increased faster with irradiance after the laser irradiance reached a threshold of 5 GW/cm2. The threshold irradiance of particulate ejection was lower for laser ablation in a cavity compared with on a flat surface; the greater the cavity aspect ratio, the lower the threshold irradiance. The ionization of silicon becomes saturated and the crater depths were increased approximately by 1 order of magnitude after the irradiance reached the threshold. Phase explosion was discussed to explain the large change of both plasma characteristics and mass removal when irradiance increased beyond a threshold value. Self-focusing of the laser beam was discussed as being responsible for the decrease of the threshold in cavities. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SILICA
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - LASER beams
N1  - Accession Number: 11999170; Zeng, Xianzhong 1 Mao, Xianglei 1 Mao, Samuel S. 1 Yoo, Jong H. 1 Greif, Ralph 1 Russo, Richard E. 1; Email Address: rerusso@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 3, p816; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: LASER beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635990
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999170&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carrey, J.
AU  - Radousky, H. B.
AU  - Berkowitz, A. E.
T1  - Spark-eroded particles: Influence of processing parameters.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 823
EP  - 829
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Ni particles were prepared by spark erosion in a fixed-gap apparatus, and in the usual “shaker-pot” assembly, in an investigation of the influence of various processing parameters on the particles’ properties. The sizes of the particles were studied as functions of spark energies ranging from 10 μJ to 1 J, and a scaling relation derived from a simple model was verified. Several different static and rotating electrode configurations were compared with respect to their suitability for producing significant yields of small particles. The advantages of stirring the dielectric with the fixed-gap apparatus and of rotating the electrodes were demonstrated. Water, kerosene, and liquid argon and nitrogen were used as dielectric liquids. When compounds were formed, the reaction with the dielectric proceeded inversely with particle size. Spark erosion in kerosene at low spark energies, followed by annealing, proved to be an effective method to produce fine nickel particles. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - LIQUID argon
KW  - KEROSENE
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 11999169; Carrey, J. 1; Email Address: jcarey@cea.fr Radousky, H. B. 2 Berkowitz, A. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Magnetic Recording Research, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.  3: Center for Magnetic Recording Research, University of CaIfornia-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 and Physics Department, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 3, p823; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: LIQUID argon; Subject Term: KEROSENE; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1635973
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999169&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ellis, Trinity S.
AU  - Park, Kenneth T.
AU  - Hulbert, Steven L.
AU  - Ulrich, Mark D.
AU  - Rowe, Jack E.
T1  - Influence of substrate temperature on epitaxial copper phthalocyanines studied by photoemission spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 982
EP  - 988
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We report the formation of heteroepitaxial copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) overlayers on a “5×20” reconstructed Au(001) substrate, with thicknesses ranging from 0.8 to 26.9 Å. The adsorbed CuPc at room temperature forms a quasiepitaxial overlayer, incommensurate with the substrate lattice, aligned with the <110> and <110> axes of the Au(001) surface. At elevated substrate temperatures (ET) between 200 and 250 °C, the deposition of CuPc results in a 13.8 Å square overlayer structure commensurate with the substrate lattice. The electronic structures of CuPc overlayers grown at both RT and ET are also investigated. While the films grown at both temperatures generally exhibit lowering of the vacuum level, consistent with the presence of an interfacial dipole, it is the ET-grown CuPc overlayer that exhibits a sharp decrease of the surface vacuum level upon completion of a monolayer. The experimental CuPc valence band energies are compared with the calculated ionization potentials of a CuPc molecule. Using the tunability of the light source and the dependence of the photoionization cross sections on photon energy for various atomic shells, the CuPc molecular orbitals are assigned with either Cu d states or Pc-derived valence orbitals. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - PHTHALOCYANINES
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - VALENCE (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 11999146; Ellis, Trinity S. 1 Park, Kenneth T. 1; Email Address: kenneth_park@baylor.edu Hulbert, Steven L. 2 Ulrich, Mark D. 3 Rowe, Jack E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798-7316 ;  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton, New York  11973.  3: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695.  4: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, and Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 3, p982; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: PHTHALOCYANINES; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: VALENCE (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637137
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999146&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moura, M. R.
AU  - Ayala, A. P.
AU  - Guedes, I.
AU  - Grimsditch, M.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
AU  - Boatner, L. A.
T1  - Raman scattering study of Tb(V[sub 1-x]P[sub x])O[sub 4] single crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1148
EP  - 1151
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The polarized Raman spectra of a series of isostructural vanadate/phosphate compounds of the form: Tb(V[sub 1-x]P[sub x])O[sub 4] with 0<=x<=0.75 have been investigated at room temperature. While the observed Raman spectra are generally consistent with group theory predictions for a body-centered tetragonal crystal structure (D[sub 4h][sup 19]), due to the replacement of P for V, additional spectral features induced by the disorder of the mixed vanadate/phosphate system are also observed. In particular, all of the external lattice modes are characterized by a one-phonon-like behavior, while the behavior of the internal modes of the (V,P)O[sub 4] tetrahedron is two-phonon-like. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - TERBIUM
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11999125; Moura, M. R. 1 Ayala, A. P. 1 Guedes, I. 1; Email Address: guedes@fisica.ufc.br Grimsditch, M. 2 Loong, C.-K. 2 Boatner, L. A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará Caixa Postal 6030, Campus do Pici, 60455-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.l  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4845.  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6056.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 3, p1148; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: TERBIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640461
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999125&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wig, A.
AU  - Passian, A.
AU  - Arakawa, E.
AU  - Ferrell, T. L.
AU  - Thundat, T.
T1  - Optical thin-film interference effects in microcantilevers.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1162
EP  - 1165
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We report direct observation of thin-film interference effects in microcantilevers, an effect that can impact the optical monitoring of the microcantilever motion. When microcantilevers are illuminated with different wavelengths of light the amount of absorption and the wavelengths of maxima in the absorption depend upon the thickness of the layers, the materials used in the layers, and the direction of illumination. Wavelengths of maximum absorption are observed as microcantilever deflections due to heat-induced bending of the bimaterial structure of the microcantilever. Results are presented for different multilayer configurations and illumination directions. These results are then compared with theoretical calculations based on multilayer thin-film analysis. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - OPTICAL interference
KW  - THIN films
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - LIGHTING
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11999123; Wig, A. 1; Email Address: wigag@ornl.gov Passian, A. 1 Arakawa, E. 1 Ferrell, T. L. 1 Thundat, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 3, p1162; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: OPTICAL interference; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: LIGHTING; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335129 Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638616
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999123&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Motayed, Abhishek
AU  - Jones, Kenneth A.
AU  - Derenge, Michael A.
AU  - Wood, Mark C.
AU  - Zakharov, D. N.
AU  - Liliental-weber, Z.
AU  - Smith, David J.
AU  - Davydov, Albert V.
AU  - Anderson, Wallace T.
AU  - Iliadis, Agisa A.
AU  - Noor Mohammad, S.
T1  - Electrical, microstructural, and thermal stability characteristics of Ta/Ti/Ni/Au contacts to n-GaN.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1516
EP  - 1524
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A metallization technique has been developed for obtaining low resistance Ohmic contact to n-GaN. The metallization technique involves the deposition of a metal layer combination Ta/Ti/Ni/Au on an n-GaN epilayer. It is observed that annealing at 750 °C for 45 s leads to low contact resistivity. Corresponding to a doping level of 5×10[sup 17] cm[sup -3], the contact resistivity of the contact ρ[sub S]=5.0×10[sup -6] Ω cm[sup 2]. The physical mechanisms underlying the realization of low contact resistivity is investigated using current–voltage characteristics, x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OHMIC contacts
KW  - METALLIZING
KW  - METAL coating
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ELECTRIC contactors
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR-metal boundaries
N1  - Accession Number: 11999066; Motayed, Abhishek 1 Jones, Kenneth A. 2 Derenge, Michael A. 2 Wood, Mark C. 2 Zakharov, D. N. 3 Liliental-weber, Z. 3 Smith, David J. 4 Davydov, Albert V. 5 Anderson, Wallace T. 6 Iliadis, Agisa A. 7 Noor Mohammad, S. 8; Email Address: snmohammad2002@yahoo.com; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059.  2: U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Mail Stop AMSRL-SE-RL, Adelphi, Maryland 20783.  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, M.S. 62-203, Berkeley, California 94720.  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287.  5: U.S. National Institute of Standards and TechnoIogy Metallurgy Division, 8555, Gaithersburg,  Maryland 20899.  6: Electronic Sciences and Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington, DC 20375.  7: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742.  8: Department of Electrical Engineering, Howard University Washington, DC 20059.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 3, p1516; Subject Term: OHMIC contacts; Subject Term: METALLIZING; Subject Term: METAL coating; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: TANTALUM; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ELECTRIC contactors; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR-metal boundaries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633660
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999066&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buonassisi, T.
AU  - Vyvenko, O. F.
AU  - Istratov, A. A.
AU  - Weber, E. R.
AU  - Hahn, G.
AU  - Sontag, D.
AU  - Rakotoniaina, J. P.
AU  - Breitenstein, O.
AU  - Isenberg, J.
AU  - Schindler, R.
T1  - Observation of transition metals at shunt locations in multicrystalline silicon solar cells.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1556
EP  - 1561
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - By employing a combination of analytical tools including lock-in thermography and synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy, transition metals have been identified at shunting locations in two types of low-cost multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar cell materials: cast multicrystalline and ribbon growth on substrate (RGS). At a shunting location in the cast mc-Si cell, silver and titanium, both contact strip materials, have been identified at the shunting location, suggesting a process-induced error related to contact metallization. At a shunting location in the RGS cell, a material-specific shunting mechanism is described, involving channels of inverse conductivity type, where copper and iron are found. The possible roles of these metals in this shunting mechanism are discussed. These results illustrate the wide range of physical mechanisms involved with shunting in solar cells. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - SILICON
KW  - THERMOGRAPHY
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - CRYSTALLINE electric field
N1  - Accession Number: 11999061; Buonassisi, T. 1; Email Address: buonassisi@socrates.berkely.edu Vyvenko, O. F. 1 Istratov, A. A. 1 Weber, E. R. 1 Hahn, G. 2 Sontag, D. 2 Rakotoniaina, J. P. 3 Breitenstein, O. 3 Isenberg, J. 4 Schindler, R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, MS 62-203,1 cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: University of Konstanz, Department of Physics, P.O. Box X916, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.  3: Max PIanck Institute of Macrostructure Physics, Weinberg 2, D -06120 Halle, Germany.  4: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Heidenhofstrasse 2, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 3, p1556; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: THERMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE electric field; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1636252
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999061&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghan, Steven J.
AU  - Collins, Donald R.
T1  - Use of In Situ Data to Test a Raman Lidar–Based Cloud Condensation Nuclei Remote Sensing Method.
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
EP  - 394
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 07390572
AB  - A method of retrieving vertical profiles of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration from surface measurements is described. Surface measurements of the CCN concentration are scaled by the ratio of the backscatter (or extinction) vertical profile to the backscatter (or extinction) at or near the surface. The backscatter (or extinction) profile is measured by Raman lidar and is corrected to dry conditions using the vertical profile of relative humidity (also measured by Raman lidar) and surface measurements of the dependence of backscatter (or extinction) on relative humidity. The method assumes that the aerosol composition and the shape of the aerosol size distribution at the surface are representative of the vertical column. Aircraft measurements of aerosol size distribution are used to test the dependence of the retrieval on the uniformity of the shape of the aerosol size distribution. The retrieval is found to be robust for supersaturations less than 0.02% but breaks down at higher supersaturations if the vertical profile of the shape of the aerosol size distribution differs markedly from the shape of the distribution at the surface. Such conditions can be detected from the extinction/backscatter ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL radar
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - HUMIDITY
KW  - ARTIFICIAL clouds
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - OPTICAL communications
N1  - Accession Number: 12405821; Ghan, Steven J. 1; Email Address: steve.ghan@pnl.gov Collins, Donald R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.  2: Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p387; Subject Term: OPTICAL radar; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: HUMIDITY; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL clouds; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: OPTICAL communications; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12405821&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sblattero, Daniele
AU  - Florian, Fiorella
AU  - Azzoni, Elisabetta
AU  - Ziberna, Fabiana
AU  - Tommasini, Alberto
AU  - Not, Tarcisio
AU  - Ventura, Alessandro
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
AU  - Marzari, Roberto
T1  - One-step cloning of anti tissue transglutaminase scFv from subjects with celiac disease
JO  - Journal of Autoimmunity
JF  - Journal of Autoimmunity
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
SN  - 08968411
AB  - Celiac disease is characterized by intestinal mucosal injury and malabsorption precipitated by dietary exposure to gluten of some cereals with a prominent role being played by gliadins, specific antigenic determinants found in wheat gluten. Patients suffering from celiac disease have serum antibodies recognizing gliadin, as well as the endomysial autoantigen tissue transglutaminase. Phage display antibody libraries have revealed ectopic production of anti-transglutaminase antibodies by intestinal lymphocytes with a biased use of the VH5 antibody gene family. Here we report a study on the pairing of VH and VL families in the antibodies to transglutaminase. Our results led to the construction of small phage display antibody libraries based on the amplification of the two genes in the VH5 family from intestinal lymphocytes. This method can be used for the rapid characterization of the anti-transglutaminase response in a potentially large number of subjects including asymptomatic patients whose serum antibodies may be undetectable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Autoimmunity is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELIAC disease
KW  - INTESTINAL mucosa
KW  - GLUTEN
KW  - ANTIGENIC determinants
KW  - Antibody cloning
KW  - Autoimmunity
KW  - Gliadin
KW  - Phage display
N1  - Accession Number: 11824897; Sblattero, Daniele 1; Email Address: daniele@icgeb.org Florian, Fiorella 1 Azzoni, Elisabetta 1 Ziberna, Fabiana 2 Tommasini, Alberto 2 Not, Tarcisio 2 Ventura, Alessandro 2 Bradbury, Andrew 3 Marzari, Roberto 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy  2: Department of Reproductive and Development Science, I.R.C.C.S. “Burlo Garofolo”, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy  3: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p65; Subject Term: CELIAC disease; Subject Term: INTESTINAL mucosa; Subject Term: GLUTEN; Subject Term: ANTIGENIC determinants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibody cloning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autoimmunity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gliadin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phage display; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jaut.2003.09.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11824897&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Socaciu, Liana D.
AU  - Hagen, Jan
AU  - Le Roux, Jérôme
AU  - Popolan, Denisia
AU  - Bernhardt, Thorsten M.
AU  - Wöste, Ludger
AU  - Vajda, &Sbreve;tefan
T1  - Strongly cluster size dependent reaction behavior of CO with O[sub 2] on free silver cluster anions.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2078
EP  - 2081
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Reactions of free silver anions Ag[sub n][sup -] (n=1–13) with O[sub 2], CO, and their mixtures are investigated in a temperature controlled radio frequency ion trap setup. Cluster anions Ag[sub n][sup -] (n=1–11) readily react with molecular oxygen to yield Ag[sub n]O[sub m][sup -] (m=2, 4, or 6) oxide products. In contrast, no reaction of the silver cluster anions with carbon monoxide is detected. However, if silver cluster anions are exposed to the mixture of O[sub 2] and CO, new reaction products and a pronounced, discontinuous size dependence in the reaction behavior is observed. In particular, coadsorption complexes Ag[sub n](CO)O[sub 2][sup -] are detected for cluster sizes with n=4 and 6 and, the most striking observation, in the case of the larger odd atom number clusters Ag[sub 7][sup -], Ag[sub 9][sup -], and Ag[sub 11][sup -], the oxide product concentration decreases while a reappearance of the bare metal cluster signal is observed. This leads to the conclusion that carbon monoxide reacts with the activated oxygen on these silver clusters and indicates the prevalence of a catalytic reaction cycle. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEX ions
KW  - METAL clusters
KW  - SILVER clusters
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12063178; Socaciu, Liana D. 1 Hagen, Jan 1 Le Roux, Jérôme 1 Popolan, Denisia 1 Bernhardt, Thorsten M. 1; Email Address: tbcrnhar@physik.fu-berlin.de Wöste, Ludger 1 Vajda, &Sbreve;tefan 2; Affiliation:  1: Insitiut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany.  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemistry  Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 5, p2078; Subject Term: COMPLEX ions; Subject Term: METAL clusters; Subject Term: SILVER clusters; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: CLUSTER analysis (Statistics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644103
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12063178&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, Hua-Gen
T1  - Full-dimensional quantum calculations of vibrational spectra of six-atom molecules. I. Theory and numerical results.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2270
EP  - 2284
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Two quantum mechanical Hamiltonians have been derived in orthogonal polyspherical coordinates, which can be formed by Jacobi and/or Radau vectors etc., for the study of the vibrational spectra of six-atom molecules. The Hamiltonians are expressed in an explicit Hermitian form in the spatial representation. Their matrix representations are described in both full discrete variable representation (DVR) and mixed DVR/nondirect product finite basis representation (FBR) bases. The two-layer Lanczos iteration algorithm [H.-G. Yu, J. Chem. Phys. 117, 8190 (2002)] is employed to solve the eigenvalue problem of the system. A strategy regarding how to carry out the Hamiltonian-vector products for a high-dimensional problem is discussed. By exploiting the inversion symmetry of molecules, a unitary sequential 1D matrix-vector multiplication algorithm is proposed to perform the action of the Hamiltonian on the wavefunction in a symmetrically adapted DVR or FBR basis in the azimuthal angular variables. An application to the vibrational energy levels of the molecular hydrogen trimer (H[sub 2])[sub 3] in full dimension (12D) is presented. Results show that the rigid-H[sub 2] approximation can underestimate the binding energy of the trimer by 27%. Finally, it is demonstrated that the two-layer Lanczos algorithm is also capable of computing the eigenvectors of the system with minor effort.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12063157; Yu, Hua-Gen 1; Email Address: hgy@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973-5000.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 5, p2270; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1636456
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12063157&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, M. G.
AU  - Beuhler, R. J.
T1  - State-resolved dynamics of oxygen atom recombination on polycrystalline Ag.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2445
EP  - 2455
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Rotationally resolved, velocity distributions for desorbed O[sub 2] molecules formed by O-atom recombination on the surface of a polycrystalline Ag surface are reported. Surface O atoms are generated by oxygen permeation through a 0.25-mm-thick Ag foil heated to 1020 K. Desorbing O[sub 2] molecules are probed by (2+1) resonant multiphoton ionization via the C [sup 3]Π[sub g] (3sσ), v[sup ′]=2←←X [sup 3]Σ[sub g][sup -], v[sup ″]=0 transition and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Measured velocity distributions are near Maxwell–Boltzmann and yield average translational energies which are significantly lower than the surface temperature (<E[sub t]>/2k[sub B]∼515 K) and essentially independent of rotational excitation. Comparison of the observed C–X (2,0) resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization spectrum with spectral simulations suggests that the v[sup ″]=0 rotational state distribution is more consistent with the surface temperature, but spectral congestion and apparent intensity perturbations prevent a more quantitative analysis. The calculated, sticking curves show a small barrier energy barrier (∼10 meV) beyond which sticking decreases. These observations are consistent with low energy desorption and adsorption pathways involving a weakly bound molecular O[sub 2] precursor. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - MULTIPHOTON processes
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - ION-atom collisions
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12063138; White, M. G. 1,2; Email Address: mgwhite@bnl.gov Beuhler, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  2: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York  11794.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 5, p2445; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MULTIPHOTON processes; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: ION-atom collisions; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637333
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12063138&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beck, Kenneth M.
AU  - Joly, Alan G.
AU  - Dupuis, Nicholas F.
AU  - Perozzo, Peggy
AU  - Hess, Wayne P.
AU  - Sushko, Peter V.
AU  - Shluger, Alexander L.
T1  - Laser control of product electronic state: Desorption from alkali halides.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2456
EP  - 2463
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We demonstrate laser control of the electronic product state distribution of photodesorbed halogen atoms from alkali halide crystals. Our general model of surface exciton desorption dynamics is developed into a simple method for laser control of the relative halogen atom spin–orbit laser desorption yield. By tuning the excitation laser photon energy in a narrow region of the absorption threshold, the yield of excited state chorine atoms, Cl([sup 2]P[sub 1/2]), can be made to vary from near 0 to 80% for KCl and from near 0 to 50% for NaCl relative to the total yield of Cl atoms. We describe the physical properties necessary to obtain a high degree of product state control and the limitation induced when these requirements are not met. These results demonstrate that laser control can be applied to solid state surface reactions and provide strong support for surface exciton-based desorption models. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER electrochemistry
KW  - ELECTRON-stimulated desorption
KW  - ALKALI metal halides
KW  - HALOGENS
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - LIGHT absorption
N1  - Accession Number: 12063137; Beck, Kenneth M. 1; Email Address: kenneth.beck@pnl.gov Joly, Alan G. 1 Dupuis, Nicholas F. 2 Perozzo, Peggy 3 Hess, Wayne P. 4; Email Address: wayne.hess@pnl.gov Sushko, Peter V. 5 Shluger, Alexander L. 5; Email Address: a.shluger@ucl.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106.  3: Department of Physics, Mary Baldwin College, Staunton, Virginia 24401.  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,  William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 5, p2456; Subject Term: LASER electrochemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRON-stimulated desorption; Subject Term: ALKALI metal halides; Subject Term: HALOGENS; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: LIGHT absorption; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637336
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12063137&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trivedi, Paras
AU  - Dyer, James A.
AU  - Sparks, Donald L.
AU  - Pandya, Kaumudi
T1  - Mechanistic and thermodynamic interpretations of zinc sorption onto ferrihydrite
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 270
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 00219797
AB  - Elucidating the reaction mechanisms and estimating the associated transport and thermodynamic parameters are important for an accurate description of the fate of toxic metal pollutants, such as Zn(II), in soils and aquatic ecosystems rich in iron oxides. Consequently, sorption of Zn(II) ions onto ferrihydrite was investigated with macroscopic and spectroscopic studies as a function of pH (4.0–8.0), ionic strength (<f>10−3</f>–<f>10−1</f> M NaNO3), aqueous Zn(II) concentration (<f>10−8</f>–<f>10−2</f> M), and temperature (4–25 °C). Present findings suggest that, for a given set of pH and temperature conditions, Zn sorption onto ferrihydrite can best be described by one average reaction mechanism below the saturation limits. Thermodynamic analyses reveal that the Zn(II) ions sorb onto the ferrihydrite surfaces via strong endothermic chemical reactions. Consistently, X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) analyses confirm that, at pH <f><</f> 6.5, for all Zn loadings, Zn(II) ions form corner-sharing, mononuclear, bidentate inner-sphere complexes with ferrihydrite, where <f>RZn–O&ap;1.97</f> A˚ and <f>RZn–Fe&ap;3.48</f> A˚. For pH <f>&ges;6.5</f>, similar sorption complexes were observed at lower sorption densities. Then again, for pH <f>&ges;6.5</f> and at higher sorption densities, Zn(II) ions may begin to form zinc-hydroxide-like polynuclear sorption complexes on the surfaces of the ferrihydrite, where <f>RZn–Zn&ap;3.53</f> A˚. Surprisingly, small changes in temperature had a significant impact on the affinity of zinc for the ferrihydrite surface; equilibrium sorption capacity decreased by 3–4 orders of magnitude as temperature fell from 25 to 4 °C for all pH. Zinc sorption onto ferrihydrite, therefore, is governed by pH as well as by temperature and sorbate/sorbent ratio. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - AQUATIC ecology
KW  - IRON oxides
KW  - SOILS
KW  - Ferrihydrite
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - XAS
KW  - Zn(II)
N1  - Accession Number: 11733755; Trivedi, Paras 1; Email Address: paras.trivedi@uaf.edu Dyer, James A. 2,3 Sparks, Donald L. 2 Pandya, Kaumudi 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA  2: Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717, USA  3: DuPont Engineering Technology, Brandywine Building, Wilmington, DE 19898, USA  4: NRL-SRC, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11026, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 270 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: AQUATIC ecology; Subject Term: IRON oxides; Subject Term: SOILS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferrihydrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zn(II); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00586-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11733755&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morton III, Samuel A.
AU  - Keffer, D.J.
AU  - Counce, R.M.
AU  - DePaoli, D.W.
AU  - Hu, M.Z.-C.
T1  - Thermodynamic method for prediction of surfactant-modified oil droplet contact angle
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 270
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 00219797
AB  - A model applying surfactant self-assembly theory and classical thermodynamics has been developed to aid in the prediction of solid surface cleaning by aqueous surfactant solutions. Information gained from a combination of surfactant self-assembly behavior and cleaning system parameters, such as oil species, surfactant type, temperature, alkalinity, and solid surface type has been shown to provide insight into surface cleaning. The model combines minimization of free energy, pertinent component distribution mechanisms, and surfactant self-assembly processes to provide a methodology for the predicting of oil droplet contact angles. Such predictive capabilities will allow for the development of beneficial environmental and economic changes to industrial and commercial surface cleaning and degreasing processes. Results from the model will be compared to experimental data to verify the capability of the theory to account for the effect of solutions parameters on oil droplet behavior. The model, while approximate in nature, has shown a remarkable quantitative predictive ability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - AMMONIUM compounds
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - BROMIDES
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Cetyl trymethyl ammonium bromide
KW  - Contact angle
KW  - Critical micelle concentration
KW  - Hexadecane
KW  - Interfacial tension
KW  - Sodium dodecyl sulfate
KW  - Surface cleaning
KW  - Surfactant
KW  - Thermodynamic model
N1  - Accession Number: 11733773; Morton III, Samuel A. 1; Email Address: samuelmorton@comcast.net Keffer, D.J. 1 Counce, R.M. 1 DePaoli, D.W. 2 Hu, M.Z.-C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Separations and Materials Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 270 Issue 1, p229; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: AMMONIUM compounds; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: BROMIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cetyl trymethyl ammonium bromide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical micelle concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hexadecane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial tension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface cleaning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamic model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.08.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11733773&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - James, Scott C.
AU  - Chrysikopoulos, Constantinos V.
T1  - Dense colloid transport in a bifurcating fracture
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 270
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 250
SN  - 00219797
AB  - In this work, the transport of dense colloids through a water-saturated, bifurcating fracture is investigated using a constant spatial step particle tracking technique. The size of the constituents of a colloid plume is an important factor affecting the partitioning of dense colloids at the bifurcation. While neutrally buoyant colloids partition between daughter fractures in proportion to flow rates, dense colloids will preferentially exit fractures that are gravitationally downgradient, notwithstanding that the majority of the interstitial fluid may flow through the upper fracture. Comparison of the partitioning ratio between daughter fractures with the ratios of characteristic settling, diffusion, and advection time reveal that these parameters control how colloids behave at fracture bifurcations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Bifurcation
KW  - Dense colloid transport
KW  - Fracture flow
N1  - Accession Number: 11733776; James, Scott C. 1; Email Address: scjames@sandia.gov Chrysikopoulos, Constantinos V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Geohydrology Department, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0735, USA  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 270 Issue 1, p250; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bifurcation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dense colloid transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture flow; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.09.033
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11733776&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kneafsey, Timothy J.
AU  - Hunt, James R.
T1  - Non-aqueous phase liquid spreading during soil vapor extraction
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 68
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Many non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) are expected to spread at the air–water interface, particularly under non-equilibrium conditions. In the vadose zone, this spreading should increase the surface area for mass transfer and the efficiency of volatile NAPL recovery by soil vapor extraction (SVE). Observations of spreading on water wet surfaces led to a conceptual model of oil spreading vertically above a NAPL pool in the vadose zone. Analysis of this model predicts that spreading can enhance the SVE contaminant recovery compared to conditions where the liquid does not spread. Experiments were conducted with spreading volatile oils hexane and heptane in wet porous media and capillary tubes, where spreading was observed at the scale of centimeters. Within porous medium columns up to a meter in height containing stagnant gas, spreading was less than ten centimeters and did not contribute significantly to hexane volatilization. Water film thinning and oil film pinning may have prevented significant oil film spreading, and thus did not enhance SVE at the scale of a meter. The experiments performed indicate that volatile oil spreading at the field scale is unlikely to contribute significantly to the efficiency of SVE. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nonaqueous phase liquids
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Nonequilibrium thermodynamics
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Contaminant transport
KW  - Film flow
KW  - Soil vapor extraction
KW  - Unsaturated zone
N1  - Accession Number: 11958468; Kneafsey, Timothy J. 1,2; Email Address: tjkneafsey@lbl.gov; Hunt, James R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 68 Issue 3/4, p143; Thesaurus Term: Nonaqueous phase liquids; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Nonequilibrium thermodynamics; Subject Term: Mass transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contaminant transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Film flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil vapor extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated zone; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00147-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Smith, Steve C.
T1  - A cation exchange model to describe Cs+ sorption at high ionic strength in subsurface sediments at Hanford site, USA
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 68
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
SN  - 01697722
AB  - A theoretical and experimental study of cation exchange in high ionic strength electrolytes was performed using pristine subsurface sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford site. These sediments are representative of the site contaminated sediments impacted by release of high level waste (HLW) solutions containing 137Cs+ in NaNO3 brine. The binary exchange behavior of Cs+–Na+, Cs+–K+, and Na+–K+ was measured over a range in electrolyte concentration. Vanselow selectivity coefficients (Kv) that were calculated from the experimental data using Pitzer model ion activity corrections for aqueous species showed monotonic increases with increasing electrolyte concentrations. The influence of electrolyte concentration was greater on the exchange of Na+–Cs+ than K+–Cs+, an observation consistent with the differences in ion hydration energy of the exchanging cations. A previously developed two-site ion exchange model [Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66 (2002) 193] was modified to include solvent (water) activity changes in the exchanger phase through application of the Gibbs–Duhem equation. This water activity-corrected model well described the ionic strength effect on binary Cs+ exchange, and was extended to the ternary exchange system of Cs+–Na+–K+ on the pristine sediment. The model was also used to predict 137Cs+ distribution between sediment and aqueous phase (Kd) beneath a leaked HLW tank in Hanfordd''s S-SX tank using the analytical aqueous data from the field and the binary ion exchange coefficients for the pristine sediment. The Kd predictions closely followed the trend in the field data and were improved by consideration of water activity effects that were considerable in certain regions of the vadose zone plume. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Cations
KW  - Ion exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Electrolytes
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Contamination
KW  - Ion exchange
KW  - Ionic strength
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Water activity
N1  - Accession Number: 11958472; Liu, Chongxuan; Email Address: chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov; Zachara, John M. 1; Smith, Steve C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Dynamics/Simulation, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 68 Issue 3/4, p217; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Subject Term: Cations; Subject Term: Ion exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: Electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water activity; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00143-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Boer, Maarten P.
AU  - Luck, David L.
AU  - Ashurst, William R.
AU  - Maboudian, Roya
AU  - Corwin, Alex D.
AU  - Walraven, Jeremy A.
AU  - Redmond, James M.
T1  - High-Performance Surface-Micromachined Inchworm Actuator.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 74
SN  - 10577157
AB  - This work demonstrates a polycrystalline silicon surface-micromachined inchworm actuator that exhibits high-performance characteristics such as large force (±0.5 millinewtons), large velocity range (0 to ±4.4 mm/sec), large displacement range (±100 microns), small step size (±10, ±40 or ±100 nanometers), low power consumption (nanojoules per cycle), continuous bidirectional operation and relatively small area (600 × 200µm2). An in situ load spring calibrated on a logarithmic scale from micronewtons to millinewtons, optical microscopy and Michelson interferometry are used to characterize its performance. The actuator consists of a force-amplifying plate that spans two voltage-controlled clamps, and walking is achieved by appropriately sequencing signals to these three components. In the clamps, normal force is borne by equipotential rubbing counterfaces, enabling friction to be measured against load. Using different monolayer coatings, we show that the static coefficient of friction can be changed from 0.14 to 1.04, and that it is load-independent over a broad range. We further find that the static coefficient of friction does not accurately predict the force generated by the actuator and attribute this to nanometer-scale presliding tangential deflections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROACTUATORS
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - MECHATRONICS
KW  - MECHANICAL engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - force characterization, friction, interfacial contact mechanics, linear actuation, mems stepping actuator, michelson interferometry.
N1  - Accession Number: 12606802; de Boer, Maarten P. 1 Luck, David L. 1,2 Ashurst, William R. 1 Maboudian, Roya 2 Corwin, Alex D. 1 Walraven, Jeremy A. 1 Redmond, James M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA  2: University of California, Berkeley, Department of Chemical Engineering, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: MICROACTUATORS; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: MECHATRONICS; Subject Term: MECHANICAL engineering; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: force characterization, friction, interfacial contact mechanics, linear actuation, mems stepping actuator, michelson interferometry.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 16 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1106/JMEMS.2003.823236
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cloak, C.C.
AU  - Chang, L.
AU  - Ernst, T.
AU  - Barr, M.C.
AU  - Huitron-Resendiz, S.
AU  - Sanchez-Alavez, M.
AU  - Phillips, T.R
AU  - Henriksen, S.
T1  - Methamphetamine and AIDS: 1HMRS studies in a feline model of human disease
JO  - Journal of Neuroimmunology
JF  - Journal of Neuroimmunology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 147
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
SN  - 01655728
AB  - Potential interactions between psychostimulant drugs and infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) on brain metabolism were evaluated. Four groups of cats were studied: control, FIV positive, methamphetamine (MA) exposed, and FIV positive plus MA exposed. Frontal gray matter, frontal white matter, and caudate brain extracts were studied with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS). In the frontal white matter, FIV-infected cats showed decreases in creatine and choline, while MA-treated cats had elevated gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The decreased glutamate in FIV cats normalized with MA exposure. FIV and MA both affect brain metabolites individually and combined. 1HMRS is useful for evaluating the effects of FIV and drug abuse in the brain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neuroimmunology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STIMULANTS
KW  - DRUG development
KW  - FELINE immunodeficiency virus
KW  - AMINOBUTYRIC acid
KW  - FIV
KW  - HIV
KW  - Methamphetamine
KW  - Proton MRS
KW  - White matter
N1  - Accession Number: 11959260; Cloak, C.C. 1; Email Address: cloak@bnl.gov Chang, L. 1 Ernst, T. 1 Barr, M.C. 2 Huitron-Resendiz, S. 3 Sanchez-Alavez, M. 3 Phillips, T.R 2 Henriksen, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Buliding 490, Upton, NY, USA  2: Vaccine Research Institute of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA  3: The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 147 Issue 1/2, p16; Subject Term: STIMULANTS; Subject Term: DRUG development; Subject Term: FELINE immunodeficiency virus; Subject Term: AMINOBUTYRIC acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: FIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methamphetamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton MRS; Author-Supplied Keyword: White matter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.10.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becher, Paul F.
AU  - Lance, Michael J.
AU  - Ferber, Mattison K.
AU  - Hoffmann, Michael J.
AU  - Satet, Raphaëlle L.
T1  - The influence of Mg substitution for Al on the properties of SiMeRE oxynitride glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 333
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 00223093
AB  - The thermal–mechanical properties of 60Si20Mg20RE (RE: rare earth) oxynitride glasses can be tailored by the substitution of rare earths of decreasing ionic size. The Young’s modulus, hardness, glass transition temperature and viscosity all increase with the substitution La by Gd and Gd by Lu while the thermal expansion coefficients decrease. Compared to the 55Si25Al20RE oxynitride glasses, replacement of Al by Mg lowers the glass transition temperatures and viscosities and raises the thermal expansion coefficients substantially. On the other hand, the Young’s moduli are higher in the Mg-bearing glasses. These behaviors are seen to be a result in changes in the nature of the bonding in the glass structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - RARE earths
KW  - GLASS
KW  - HARDNESS
N1  - Accession Number: 11732021; Becher, Paul F. 1; Email Address: becherpf@ornl.gov Lance, Michael J. 1 Ferber, Mattison K. 1 Hoffmann, Michael J. 2 Satet, Raphaëlle L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Structural Ceramics Group, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6068, USA  2: Institute for Ceramics in Mechanical Engineering, University of Karlsrühe, D-76131 Karlsrühe, Germany; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 333 Issue 2, p124; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: RARE earths; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: HARDNESS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.09.044
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Surh, M.P.
AU  - Sturgeon, J.B.
AU  - Wolfer, W.G.
T1  - Master equation and Fokker–Planck methods for void nucleation and growth in irradiation swelling
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 325
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A complete theory of void swelling in irradiated metals requires the treatment of defect cluster nucleation events, as well as subsequent growth of stable clusters. One difficulty is that small-voids evolve rapidly and reversibly, whereas the secular evolution of the overall system is extremely slow. Thus, rate theory models for the void size distribution entail a set of stiff, coupled equations. A combined Master equation and Fokker–Planck numerical approach is introduced to address this problem and permit large time-steps at late times. Calculations are stable in practice, easily converged, and computationally efficient to large doses over a wide range in temperatures. The results are encouraging compared to experiment and earlier, related calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOKKER-Planck equation
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 11884329; Surh, M.P. 1 Sturgeon, J.B.; Email Address: sturgeon2@llnl.gov Wolfer, W.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, L-353, P.O. Box 808, California 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 325 Issue 1, p44; Subject Term: FOKKER-Planck equation; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: CLUSTER analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.10.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wagner, J.
AU  - Sullivan, D. P.
AU  - Faulkner, D.
AU  - Fisk, W. J.
AU  - Alevantis, L. E.
AU  - Dod, R. L.
AU  - Gundel, L. A.
AU  - Waldman, J. M.
T1  - Environmental Tobacco Smoke Leakage from Smoking Rooms.
JO  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
EP  - 118
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 15459624
AB  - Twenty-seven laboratory experiments were conducted in a  simulated smoking room to quantify rates of environmental to-bacco  smoke (ETS) leakage to a nonsmoking area as a function  of the physical and operational characteristics of the smoking  room. Data are presented for the various types of leakage  flows, the effect of these leaks on smoking room performance  and nonsmoker exposure, and the relative importance of each  leakage mechanism. The results indicate that the first priority  for an effective smoking room is to maintain it depressurized  with respect to adjoining nonsmoking areas. The amount of ETS  pumped out by the smoking room door when it is opened and  closed can be reduced significantly by substituting a sliding  door for the standard swing-type door. An "open doorway"  configuration used twice the ventilation flow of those with  smoking room doors, but yielded less reduction in nonsmoker  exposure. Measured results correlated well with results mod-eled  with mass-balance equations (R 2  =0.82--0.99). Most of  these results are based on sulfur hexafluoride (SF6 ) tracer  gas leakage. Because five measured ETS tracers showed good  correlation with SF6 , these conclusions should apply to ETS  leakage as well. Field tests of a designated smoking room in  an office building qualitatively agreed with model predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Tobacco smoke
KW  - Gas leakage
KW  - designated smoking rooms
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - exposure assessment
KW  - indoor air quality
KW  - ventilation
N1  - Accession Number: 12630291; Wagner, J. 1,2; Email Address: jwagner@dhs.ca.gov; Sullivan, D. P. 3; Faulkner, D. 3; Fisk, W. J. 3; Alevantis, L. E. 1; Dod, R. L. 2,3; Gundel, L. A. 3; Waldman, J. M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Health Laboratory, California Department of Health Services, Berkeley, California; 2: Public Health Institute, Oakland, California; 3: Indoor Environmental Departmental, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 1 Issue 2, p110; Thesaurus Term: Environmental health; Thesaurus Term: Indoor air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Subject Term: Tobacco smoke; Subject Term: Gas leakage; Author-Supplied Keyword: designated smoking rooms; Author-Supplied Keyword: environmental tobacco smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: ventilation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plimpton, Steven J.
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
AU  - Stewart, James R.
T1  - A parallel rendezvous algorithm for interpolation between multiple grids
JO  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
JF  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 64
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 266
SN  - 07437315
AB  - A number of computational procedures employ multiple grids on which solutions are computed. For example, in multi-physics simulations a primary grid may be used to compute mechanical deformation of an object while a secondary grid is used for thermal conduction calculations. When modeling coupled thermo-mechanical effects, solution data must be interpolated back and forth between the grids each timestep. On a parallel machine, this grid transfer operation can be challenging if the two grids are decomposed across processors differently for reasons of computational efficiency. If the grids move or adapt separately, the complexity of the operation is compounded. In this paper, we describe two grid transfer algorithms suitable for massively parallel simulations which use multiple grids. They use a rendezvous technique wherein a third decomposition is used to search for elements in one grid that contain nodal points of the other. This has the advantage of enabling the grid transfer operation to be load-balanced separately from the remainder of the computations. The algorithms are designed for use within the multi-physics code SIERRA, an object-oriented framework developed at Sandia. Performance and scalability results are given for the grid transfer operation running on up to 1024 processors of two large parallel machines, the Intel Tflops (ASCI Red) and DEC-Alpha CPlant cluster. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - RECURSIVE partitioning
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
KW  - ELECTRON tubes -- Grids
KW  - Multiple grid interpolation
KW  - Partitioning
KW  - Rendezvous algorithm
N1  - Accession Number: 12100502; Plimpton, Steven J.; Email Address: sjplimp@sandia.gov Hendrickson, Bruce 1 Stewart, James R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1111, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 64 Issue 2, p266; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: RECURSIVE partitioning; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; Subject Term: ELECTRON tubes -- Grids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple grid interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rendezvous algorithm; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpdc.2003.11.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahmadi, Goodarz
AU  - Ji, Chuang
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Numerical solution for natural gas production from methane hydrate dissociation
JO  - Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
SN  - 09204105
AB  - This paper describes a one-dimensional model for natural gas production from the dissociation of methane hydrate in a confined reservoir by a depressurizing well. The approach accounts for the heat released by hydrate dissociation and convection–conduction heat transfer in the gas and hydrate zone. The system of governing equations is solved using a finite-difference scheme. For different well pressures and reservoir temperatures, the gas flow, the pressure and temperatures conditions in the reservoir are simulated. Distributions of temperature and pressure in the hydrate and gas regions and time evolutions of natural gas output also are evaluated. It is shown that the gas production rate is a sensitive function of well pressure. In addition, both heat conduction and convection in the hydrate zone is important. The simulation results are compared with the linearization approach and the shortcomings of the earlier approach are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NATURAL gas
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - Hydrate
KW  - Hydrate dissociation
KW  - Natural gas production
KW  - Numerical model
N1  - Accession Number: 11958486; Ahmadi, Goodarz 1; Email Address: ahmadi@clarkson.edu Ji, Chuang 1 Smith, Duane H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5725, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 41 Issue 4, p269; Subject Term: NATURAL gas; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: RESERVOIRS; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrate dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural gas production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.profnurs.2003.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Funston
AU  - A. M.
AU  - Silverman
AU  - E. E.
AU  - Miller
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Schanze
AU  - K. S.
T1  - Charge Transfer through Terthiophene End-Capped Poly(arylene ethynylene)s.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 108
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1544
EP  - 1555
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Two poly(arylene ethynylene)s (PAEs) that are end-capped with α-terthiophene (T3) groups were prepared and structurally characterized by proton NMR, GPC, and optical spectroscopy. One of the polymers (T3PPE13) features a backbone structure that alternates phenylene ethynylene and bis(alkoxy)phenylene ethynylene repeat units. The second T3 end-capped polymer (T3PBpE12) features an alternating structure with biphenylene ethynylene and bis(alkoxy)phenylene ethynylene repeats. The absorption spectra of the T3 end-capped polymers are almost the same as those of the corresponding “parent polymers” (PPE164 and PBpE21, respectively) that lack the T3 end-groups. By contrast, whereas the fluorescence spectra of the parent polymers is dominated by a blue fluorescence with λmax = 425 nm, the emission spectra of the end-capped polymers contains a significant contribution of a green fluorescence (λ = 500-550 nm). This signals that the singlet exciton is efficiently trapped by the T3 end groups. Pulse radiolysis studies were carried out on all of the poly(arylene ethynylene)s in an effort to characterize the spectra and dynamics of the cation and anion radicals of the polymers. Pulse radiolytically generated solvent holes, and solvated electrons were transferred to the PAEs at nearly diffusion controlled rates. The absorption spectra of the anion radicals of the PAEs were similar and featured two strong absorption bands, one in the visible (λ = 600 nm) and the second in the near-IR (λ = 1600-2000 nm). The cation radicals of the T3 end-capped polymers also feature two absorption bands, one in the visible and the second in the near-IR. However, the spectra of the cation radicals of the T3 end-capped polymers show important differences. Specifically, the cation radical spectra of T3BpE12 and PBpE21 are identical, which reveals that the hole is not trapped by the T3 end-cap in the biphenylene polymer. By contrast, the cation radical absorption spectra of T3PPE13 (λmax = 640 and 1350 nm) and PPE164 (λmax = 600 and 1950 nm) are distinctly different. This difference suggests that the hole is localized on the T3 end-group in T3PPE13. Bimolecular hole-transfer experiments using bithiophene (T2, [inline equation]  = 1.21 V), terthiophene (T3, [inline equation]  = 0.91 V), and quaterthiophene (T4, <EQNDATA>%@mt;sys@%%@ital@%E%@rsf@%%@/xs;55;%lnwidth@%°°%@/xs;63;(%lnwidth-x55)@%%@mh;-x63@%%@sb@%ox%@sbx@%%@mx@%</EQNDATA>  = 0.76 V) with PPE164 and PBpE21 allowed the determination of the oxidation potentials for the PAEs. The values are PPE164, [inline equation]  = 0.91 V; PBpE21, [inline equation]  = 0.85 V (all potentials vs SCE). The lower oxidation potential of the biphenylene based PAE explains why the hole is not trapped by the T3 end-groups in T3BpE12. The dynamics of intrachain hole transfer in T3PPE13 are much faster than the rate of hole transfer from the solvent, and on the basis of this result, the lower limit for intrachain hole transfer is determined to be kHT ≥ 1 × 108 s-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - OPTICAL spectrometers
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - RADIATION chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12111944; Funston A. M. 1 Silverman E. E. 1 Miller J. R. 1 Schanze K. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 5, p1544; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL spectrometers; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: RADIATION chemistry; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - L.-Q.
AU  - Ferris
AU  - K. F.
AU  - Azad
AU  - S.
AU  - Engelhard
AU  - M. H.
AU  - Peden
AU  - C. H. F.
T1  - Adsorption and Reaction of Acetaldehyde on Stoichiometric and Defective SrTiO3(100) Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 108
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1646
EP  - 1652
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The adsorption and reaction of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) on stoichiometric (TiO2-terminated) and reduced SrTiO3(100) surfaces have been investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Acetaldehyde adsorbs molecularly on the stoichiometric SrTiO3(100) surface that contains predominately Ti4+ cations. The Ti4+ sites on the stoichiometric SrTiO3(100) surface are not sufficiently active for surface reactions such as aldol condensation, as opposed to the Ti4+ ions on the TiO2(001) surface. However, decomposition and redox reactions of acetaldehyde occur in the presence of surface defects created by Ar+ sputtering. The decomposition products following reactions of acetaldehyde on the defective surface include H2, C2H4, CO, C4H6, and C4H8. Reductive coupling to produce C2H4 and C4H8 is the main reaction pathway for decomposition of acetaldehyde on the sputter-reduced SrTiO3(100) surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ACETALDEHYDE
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12111958; Wang L.-Q. 1 Ferris K. F. 1 Azad S. 1 Engelhard M. H. 1 Peden C. H. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Material Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 5, p1646; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ACETALDEHYDE; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jordanides
AU  - X. J.
AU  - Scholes
AU  - G. D.
AU  - Shapley
AU  - W. A.
AU  - Reimers
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Fleming
AU  - G. R.
T1  - Electronic Couplings and Energy Transfer Dynamics in the Oxidized Primary Electron Donor of the Bacterial Reaction Center.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 108
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1753
EP  - 1765
SN  - 15206106
AB  - It has been known for 30 years that the oxidized special pair radical cation P+ is as efficient as the neutral ground-state species P in quenching excitation from the neighboring accessory bacteriochlorophylls BL and BM, but the mechanism for this process has remained elusive. Indeed, simple treatments based on application of standard Förster theory to the most likely acceptor candidate fails by 5 orders of magnitude in the prediction of the energy transfer rates to P+. We present a qualitative description of the electronic energy transfer (EET) dynamics that involves mixing of the strongly allowed transitions in P+ with a manifold of exotic lower-energy transitions to facilitate EET on the observed time scale of 150 fs. This description is obtained using a three-step procedure. First, multireference configuration-interaction (MRCI) calculations are performed using the semiempirical INDO/S Hamiltonian to depict the excited states of P+. However, these calculations are qualitatively indicative but of insufficient quantitative accuracy to allow for a fully a priori simulation of the EET and so, second, the INDO results are used to establish a variety of scenarios, empirical parameters that are then fitted to describe a range of observed absorption and circular dichroism data. Third, EET according to these scenarios is predicted using a generalized Förster theory that uses donor and acceptor transition densities, which together account for the large size of the chromophores in relation to the interchromophore spacings. The spectroscopic transitions of P+ that facilitate the fast EET are thus unambiguously identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12111971; Jordanides X. J. 1 Scholes G. D. 1 Shapley W. A. 1 Reimers J. R. 1 Fleming G. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 5, p1753; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graziani, Frank R.
T1  - The quantum radiative transfer equation: quantum damping, Kirchoff's Law, and the approach to equilibrium of photons in a quantum plasma
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 83
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 711
SN  - 00224073
AB  - A method is presented based on the theory of quantum damping, for deriving a self-consistent but approximate form of the quantum transport for photons interacting with a fully ionized electron plasma. Specifically, we propose in this paper a technique for approximately including the effects of a background plasma on a photon distribution function by replacing the influence of the plasma degrees of freedom with quantum fluctuation and damping terms in the radiation transport equation. We consider the Markov limit where the electron relaxation time scale is short compared to the photon relaxation time scale. The result is a quantum Langevin equation for the photon number operator; the quantum radiative transfer equation. A dissipation term appears which is the imaginary part of the dielectric function for an electron gas undergoing electron scattering due to emission and absorption of photons. It depends only on the initial state of the plasma. A quantum noise operator also appears as a result of spontaneous emission of photons from the electron plasma. The thermal expectation value of this noise operator yields the emissivity which is exactly of the form of the Kirchoff–Planck relation. This non-zero thermal expectation value is a direct consequence of a fluctuation–dissipation relation. The fluctuations of the quantum noise operator yield the deviations from the Kirchoff–Planck relation. Using the quantum radiative transfer equation, transient fluctuations in the photon number are computed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium
KW  - Quantum many body theory
KW  - Radiation transport
KW  - Stochastic systems
N1  - Accession Number: 11173107; Graziani, Frank R. 1; Email Address: graziani1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: B Division and Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-095, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 83 Issue 3/4, p711; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum many body theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic systems; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00116-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myers, Daryl R.
AU  - Emery, Keith
AU  - Gueymard, C.
T1  - Revising and Validating Spectral Irradiance Reference Standards for Photovoltaic Performance Evaluation.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 574
SN  - 01996231
AB  - In 1982, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) adopted consensus standards for direct-normal and hemispherical ("global") tilted solar terrestrial spectra These standard spectra were intended to evaluate photo voltaic (PV) device performance and other solar-related applications. The International Standards Organization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) adopted these spectra as spectral standards ISO 9845-1 and IEC 60904-3. Additional information and more accurately representative spectra are needed by today's PV community. Modern terrestrial spectral radiation models, knowledge of atmospheric physics, and measured radiometric quantities are applied to develop new reference spectra under consideration by ASTM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - SPECTRAL irradiance
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC effect
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Reference
KW  - Spectrum
KW  - Standard
N1  - Accession Number: 12522815; Myers, Daryl R. 1; Email Address: daryl_myers@nrel.gov Emery, Keith 1; Email Address: keith_emery@nrel.gov Gueymard, C.; Email Address: Chris@SolarConsultingServices.com; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, CO; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p567; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: SPECTRAL irradiance; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC effect; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standard; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1638784
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dye, Dan
AU  - Wood, Byard
AU  - Fraas, Lewis
AU  - Muhs, Jeff
T1  - Optical Design of an Infrared Non-Imaging Device for a Full-Spectrum Solar Energy System.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 126
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 676
EP  - 679
SN  - 01996231
AB  - A full-spectrum solar energy system is being designed by a research team lead by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Nevada, Reno. [1,2] The benchmark collector/receiver and prototype thermophotovoltaic (TPV) array have been built [3], so the work performed here is to match the two systems together for optimal performance. It is shown that a hollow, rectangular-shaped non-imaging (NI) device only 23 cm long can effectively distribute the IR flux incident on the TPV array mounted behind the secondary mirror. Results of the ray-tracing analysis of the different systems tested are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - INFRARED detectors
KW  - INFRARED equipment
KW  - RENO (Nev.)
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - infrared
KW  - non-imaging
KW  - thermophotovoltaic
N1  - Accession Number: 12522833; Dye, Dan 1; Email Address: dye@unr.edu Wood, Byard 1; Email Address: bdwood@unr.edu Fraas, Lewis 2; Email Address: lfraas@jxcrystals.com Muhs, Jeff 3; Email Address: um4@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada  2: JX Crystals, Inc., WA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1, p676; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Subject Term: INFRARED detectors; Subject Term: INFRARED equipment; Subject Term: RENO (Nev.); Subject Term: NEVADA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermophotovoltaic; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1639381
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olsson, William A.
AU  - Lorenz, John C.
AU  - Cooper, Scott P.
T1  - A mechanical model for multiply-oriented conjugate deformation bands
JO  - Journal of Structural Geology
JF  - Journal of Structural Geology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 01918141
AB  - A unique suite of three pairs of conjugate deformation band sets is present in Jurassic sandstones in the southeastern corner of the San Juan basin, northwestern New Mexico. In order of sequential development, these conjugate pairs are oriented to form each of the three principal conjugate attitudes: (1) upright X''s, (2) plan-view X''s, and (3) recumbent X''s. The symmetry axes of the three different X-geometries at this location are parallel, suggesting that the three systems are genetically related. A relatively simple stress history, with the horizontal stresses striking northeast and southeast and varying in magnitude but not in orientation, plausibly explains this suite of sequentially developed conjugate structures. In this model, the upright X''s formed with dip-slip, normal offset under the initial conditions where the overburden was the maximum stress and the northeast-striking horizontal stress was the intermediate stress. Plan-view X''s with strike-slip offset formed next, as the northeast-striking stress increased (due to northeastward Laramide translation of the Colorado Plateau and interaction with the local basement-cored Nacimiento Uplift) to become the maximum stress, leaving the overburden stress as the intermediate stress although unchanged in magnitude. As the northeast-directed horizontal compressive stress continued to increase, it eventually created a condition where the horizontal stresses equaled or exceeded the overburden stress, resulting in small-scale thrusting along the recumbent X''s. The proposed mechanical model shows that shear stress levels dropped temporarily after the formation of the upright X''s, providing a hiatus in deformation and making the deformation at the next stage distinct, without overlap. The three systems of intersecting conjugate deformation bands that resulted have severely compartmentalized potential reservoirs in this unit, and illustrate why similar high-porosity, deformation-banded units can have low hydrocarbon production rates despite otherwise good reservoir potential. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Geology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - SANDSTONE
KW  - ARENITES
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Conjugate attitudes
KW  - Jurassic sandstones
KW  - Multiply-oriented conjugate deformation bands
N1  - Accession Number: 11768886; Olsson, William A. 1; Email Address: waolsso@sandia.gov Lorenz, John C. 2 Cooper, Scott P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Geomechanics Department, MS 0751, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0751, USA  2: Geophysical Technology Department, MS 0750, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0750, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p325; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: SANDSTONE; Subject Term: ARENITES; Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conjugate attitudes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jurassic sandstones; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiply-oriented conjugate deformation bands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212317 Sandstone mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0191-8141(03)00101-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
AU  - Ilgner, Ralph H.
AU  - Tomkins, Bruce A.
AU  - Peters, Douglas W.
T1  - Development and Application of Protocols for the Determination of Response of Real-Time Particle Monitors to Common Indoor Aerosols.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 241
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Protocols have been developed and applied for the generation of aerosols that are likely to be comparable to those encountered in field settings for the calibration of easily transportable/portable real-time particle monitors. Aerosols generated were simulated environmental tobacco smoke, cedar wood smoke, cooking oil fumes, and propane stove particles. The time-integrated responses of three nephelometers and a monitor for particle-bound polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were compared with gravimetric respirable suspended particulate matter (RSP) in a controlled-atmosphere chamber. In general, the monitor responses increased linearly with increasing mass concentration. However, the two monitors that reported mass per volume concentrations tended to overreport the actual RSP concentrations by factors up to 4.4. The real-time PAH monitor did not respond to cooking oil fumes, indicative of little PAH being present in the aerosol. One of the monitors that has been used in a variety of studies reported in the literature (DustTrak) was collocated with gravimetric RSP samplers in several hospitality venues in the Louisville, KY, area. Field studies indicated that the units overreported actual RSP concentrations by factors of 2.6-3.1, depending on whether the sampling was conducted in the nonsmoking or smoking sections of the facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Tobacco smoke pollution
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Atomizers
KW  - Air pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 12406860; Jenkins, Roger A. 1; Email Address: jenkinsra@ornl.gov.; Ilgner, Ralph H. 1; Tomkins, Bruce A. 1; Peters, Douglas W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2: Environmental Health Management, Louisville, Kentucky; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 54 Issue 2, p229; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Thesaurus Term: Tobacco smoke pollution; Thesaurus Term: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Atomizers; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smay, James E.
AU  - Cesarano III, Joseph
AU  - Tuttle, Bruce A.
AU  - Lewis, Jennifer A.
T1  - Directed Colloidal Assembly of Linear and Annular Lead Zirconate Titanate Arrays.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 87
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 295
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) arrays for ultrasonic sensing applications in the 2-30-MHz frequency range were fabricated by robocasting, a directed colloidal assembly technique. Both linear and annular arrays were produced by robotically depositing a concentrated PZT gel-based ink to create high-aspect-ratio PZT elements (thickness ∼ 130 µm and height ∼1-2 mm) of varying pitch (∼250-410 µm). The arrays were densified and infiltrated with an epoxy resin to fabricate PZT-polymer composites with 2-2 connectivity. Their dielectric and piezoelectric constants were measured and compared with values obtained for bulk PZT and those predicted theoretically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - ZIRCONIUM compounds
KW  - LEAD
KW  - ULTRASONIC testing
KW  - FOUNDING
KW  - EPOXY resins
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12328628; Smay, James E. 1,2 Cesarano III, Joseph 2 Tuttle, Bruce A. 2 Lewis, Jennifer A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 87 Issue 2, p293; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: TITANATES; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM compounds; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC testing; Subject Term: FOUNDING; Subject Term: EPOXY resins; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belov, Mikhail E.
AU  - Anderson, Gordon A.
AU  - Wingerd, Mark A.
AU  - Udseth, Harold R.
AU  - Tang, Keqi
AU  - Prior, David C.
AU  - Swanson, Kenneth R.
AU  - Buschbach, Michael A.
AU  - Strittmatter, Eric F.
AU  - Moore, Ronald J.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - An automated high performance capillary liquid chromatography-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer for high-throughput proteomics
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 212
SN  - 10440305
AB  - We describe a fully automated high performance liquid chromatography 9.4 tesla Fourier transform ion resonance cyclotron (FTICR) mass spectrometer system designed for proteomics research. A synergistic suite of ion introduction and manipulation technologies were developed and integrated as a high-performance front-end to a commercial Bruker Daltonics FTICR instrument. The developments incorporated included a dual-ESI-emitter ion source; a dual-channel electrodynamic ion funnel; tandem quadrupoles for collisional cooling and focusing, ion selection, and ion accumulation, and served to significantly improve the sensitivity, dynamic range, and mass measurement accuracy of the mass spectrometer. In addition, a novel technique for accumulating ions in the ICR cell was developed that improved both resolution and mass measurement accuracy. A new calibration methodology is also described where calibrant ions are introduced and controlled via a separate channel of the dual-channel ion funnel, allowing calibrant species to be introduced to sample spectra on a real-time basis, if needed. We also report on overall instrument automation developments that facilitate high-throughput and unattended operation. These included an automated version of the previously reported very high resolution, high pressure reversed phase gradient capillary liquid chromatography (LC) system as the separations component. A commercial autosampler was integrated to facilitate 24 h/day operation. Unattended operation of the instrument revealed exceptional overall performance: Reproducibility (1–5% deviation in uncorrected elution times), repeatability (<20% deviation in detected abundances for more abundant peptides from the same aliquot analyzed a few weeks apart), and robustness (high-throughput operation for 5 months without significant downtime). When combined with modulated-ion-energy gated trapping, the dynamic calibration of FTICR mass spectra provided decreased mass measurement errors for peptide identifications in conjunction with high resolution capillary LC separations over a dynamic range of peptide peak intensities for each spectrum of 103, and >105 for peptide abundances in the overall separation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - MASS spectrometers
N1  - Accession Number: 12148525; Belov, Mikhail E. 1 Anderson, Gordon A. 1 Wingerd, Mark A. 1 Udseth, Harold R. 1 Tang, Keqi 1 Prior, David C. 1 Swanson, Kenneth R. 1 Buschbach, Michael A. 1 Strittmatter, Eric F. 1 Moore, Ronald J. 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: rds@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p212; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2003.09.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - López-Herrera, J. M.
AU  - Barrero, A.
AU  - Boucard, A.
AU  - Loscertales, I. G.
AU  - Márquez, M.
T1  - An experimental study of the electrospraying of water in air at atmospheric pressure
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Water solutions with electrical conductivities ranging from that of the deionized water up to 2 S/m have been electrosprayed in air through narrow silica tubes. Results show unambiguously that steady cone jets of water in air without the assistance of glow discharge can be formed for the range of electrical conductivities we have explored. The absence of corona discharge has been proven not only for the good agreement between the experimental results and the scaling laws given in the cone-jet literature but also for the independence of the spray current on the atmosphere (air or CO2) in which water was being electrosprayed. Other regimes such as the electric dripping and the assisted glow discharge cone-jet mode that appear in the electrospraying of water in air at room temperature have also been investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12148528; López-Herrera, J. M. 1 Barrero, A. 1,2; Email Address: barrero@eurus2.us.es Boucard, A. 1 Loscertales, I. G. 2,3 Márquez, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain  2: Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Málaga, Plaza Ejido s/n, 29013 Málaga, Spain  3: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p253; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2003.10.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Passell, Howard D.
AU  - Dahm, Clifford N.
AU  - Bedrick, Edward J.
T1  - HYDROLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL TRENDS AND PATTERNS IN THE UPPER RIO GRANDE, 1975 TO 1999.
JO  - Journal of the American Water Resources Association
JF  - Journal of the American Water Resources Association
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
EP  - 127
SN  - 1093474X
AB  - Hydrological and geochemical spatial patterns and temporal trends were analyzed using U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) water quality data collected from 1975 to 1999 along the uppermost 600 km of the Rio Grande in Colorado and New Mexico. Data on discharge, specific conductivity (SC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+,  K+, HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-, F- and SiO2 came from six USGS stations ranging from the Colorado-New Mexico border to below Albuquerque, New Mexico. Linear regression, Kendall's S, and Seasonal Kendall's S' were used to detect trends, and ANOVA was used to analyze spatial differences between stations. Statistically significant increasing trends occurred in SC, TDS, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+,  Cl-, and F- in the uppermost reaches, and significant decreasing trends of SC, TDS, Ca2+,  Mg2+, K+, HCO3-, and SO42- occurred at  the lower stations around Albuquerque. Both fluoride concentrations and pH values increased at and below Albuquerque over the study period. Discharge data show an increasing trend across all stations. Spatially, data for dissolved substances show generally linear upstream to downstream increases in concentrations in the upper four stations, with several notable nonlinear increases at and below Albuquerque (SC, TDS, Na+, -). Significant increases in pH appear at and below Albuquerque, relative to upstream stations, probably due to improved sewage treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Water Resources Association is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER quality
KW  - HYDROLOGY
KW  - SEWAGE -- Purification
KW  - RIO Grande (Colo.-Mexico & Tex.)
KW  - COLORADO
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - dissolved solids
KW  - long term trends
KW  - major cations and anions
KW  - middle Rio Grande Basin
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - surface water hydrology
KW  - water quality
KW  - GEOLOGICAL Survey (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 13616489; Passell, Howard D. 1; Email Address: hdpasse@sandia.gov Dahm, Clifford N. 2 Bedrick, Edward J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Doctoral Candidate, Department of Biology, University  of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 and Water Resources Eco]ogist, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1373,  Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1373  2: Professor, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 8713  3: Professor, Department of Math and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: WATER quality; Subject Term: HYDROLOGY; Subject Term: SEWAGE -- Purification; Subject Term: RIO Grande (Colo.-Mexico & Tex.); Subject Term: COLORADO; Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: dissolved solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: long term trends; Author-Supplied Keyword: major cations and anions; Author-Supplied Keyword: middle Rio Grande Basin; Author-Supplied Keyword: New Mexico; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface water hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: water quality; Company/Entity: GEOLOGICAL Survey (U.S.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924120 Administration of Conservation Programs; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 6 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brekke, Levi D.
AU  - Miller, Norman L.
AU  - Bashford, Kathy E.
AU  - Quinn, Nigel W. T.
AU  - Dracup, John A.
T1  - CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS UNCERTAINTY FOR WATER RESOURCES IN THE SAN JOAQUIN RIVER BASIN, CALIFORNIA.
JO  - Journal of the American Water Resources Association
JF  - Journal of the American Water Resources Association
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 164
SN  - 1093474X
AB  - A climate change impacts assessment for water resources in the San Joaquin River region of California is presented. Regional climate projections are based on a 1 percent per year CO2 increase relative to late 20th Century CO2  conditions. Two global projections of this CO2 increase scenario are considered (HadCM2 and PCM) during two future periods (2010 to 2039 and 2050 to 2079). HadCM2 projects faster warming than PCM. HadCM2 and PCM project wetter and drier conditions, respectively, relative to present climate. In the HadCM2 case, there would be increased reservoir inflows, increased storage limited by existing capacity, and increased releases for deliveries and river flows. In the PCM case, there would be decreased reservoir inflows, decreased storage and releases, and decreased deliveries. Impacts under either projection case cannot be regarded as more likely than the other. Most of the impacts uncertainty is attributable to the divergence in the precipitation projections. The range of assessed impacts is too broad to guide selection of mitigation projects. Regional planning agencies can respond by developing contingency strategies for these cases and applying the methodology herein to evaluate a broader set of CO2 scenarios, land use projections,  and operational assumptions. Improved agency access to climate projection information is necessary to support this effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Water Resources Association is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - RIVERS
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - REGIONAL planning
KW  - SAN Joaquin River (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - California
KW  - climate change
KW  - Reservoir operations
KW  - snowpack
N1  - Accession Number: 13616491; Brekke, Levi D. 1; Email Address: lbrekke@mp.usbr.gov Miller, Norman L. 2 Bashford, Kathy E. 3 Quinn, Nigel W. T. 2 Dracup, John A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 40(1):149-164. Water Resources Modeler, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation,  MP-710, 2800 Cottage Way, Sacramento, California 95816  2: Scientist, Earth Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley  National Laboratory, 1 Cyclatron Road, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Post-Doctoral Researcher, Earth Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley  National Laboratory, 1 Cyclatron Road, Berkeley, California 94720  4: Professor, University of California-Berkeley, Department of  Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2108 Shattuck, Room 413, Berkeley, California 94720-1716; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: RIVERS; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: REGIONAL planning; Subject Term: SAN Joaquin River (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: California; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reservoir operations; Author-Supplied Keyword: snowpack; NAICS/Industry Codes: 925120 Administration of Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lebensohn, R.A.
AU  - Tomé, C.N.
AU  - Maudlin, P.J.
T1  - A selfconsistent formulation for the prediction of the anisotropic behavior of viscoplastic polycrystals with voids
JO  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
JF  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 52
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 00225096
AB  - In this work we consider the presence of ellipsoidal voids inside polycrystals subjected to large strain deformation. For this purpose, the originally incompressible viscoplastic selfconsistent (VPSC) formulation of Lebensohn and Tome´ (Acta Metall. Mater. 41 (1993) 2611) has been extended to deal with compressible polycrystals. In doing this, both the deviatoric and the spherical components of strain-rate and stress are accounted for. Such an extended model allows us to account for the void and for porosity evolution, while preserving the anisotropy and crystallographic capabilities of the VPSC model. The formulation can be adjusted to match the Gurson model, in the limit of rate-independent isotropic media and spherical voids. We present several applications of this extended VPSC model, which address the coupling between texture, plastic anisotropy, void shape, triaxiality, and porosity evolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPSOIDS
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Damage evolution
KW  - Plasticity
KW  - Polycrystal model
KW  - Self-consistent
KW  - Voids
N1  - Accession Number: 11881656; Lebensohn, R.A. 1; Email Address: ricardo@ifir.edu.ar Tomé, C.N.; Email Address: tome@lanl.gov Maudlin, P.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p249; Subject Term: ELLIPSOIDS; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystal model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-consistent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voids; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-5096(03)00114-5
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khatsko, E. N.
AU  - Zheludev, A.
AU  - Tranquada, J. M.
AU  - Klooster, W. T.
AU  - Knigavko, A. M.
AU  - Srivastava, R. C.
T1  - Neutron scattering study of the layered Ising magnet CsDy(MoO[sub 4])[sub 2].
JO  - Low Temperature Physics
JF  - Low Temperature Physics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 30
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 139
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1063777X
AB  - The quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnet CsDy(MoO[sub 4])[sub 2] is studied by neutron diffraction and quasielastic neutron scattering. The crystal structure of two low-temperature phases (below 120 K and below 40 K) is determined. An approximate structure of the magnetically ordered phase (T[sub N]=1.36 K) is proposed. In the ordered state the order-parameter critical exponent β=0.17(0.01), the in-plane correlation length exponent ν=0.94(0.07), and the staggered susceptibility critical index γ=1.01(0.04) were determined. Comparing these results to the exact solution for a 2D Ising magnet, we conclude that, although 2D behavior is apparent in CsDy(MoO[sub 4])[sub 2], there are deviations from the simple 2D Ising model. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Low Temperature Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - DYSPROSIUM
KW  - MAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 12340314; Khatsko, E. N. 1; Email Address: khatsko@ilt.kharkov.ua Zheludev, A. 2 Tranquada, J. M. 2 Klooster, W. T. 3 Knigavko, A. M. 4 Srivastava, R. C. 5; Affiliation:  1: B. Verkin Institute for Low Temperatures Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 47 Lenin Ave., Kharkov 61103, Ukraine.  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.  3: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.  4: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2J1 Canada.  5: Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p133; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: DYSPROSIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1645155
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheryauka, Arvidas B.
AU  - Lee, James N.
AU  - Samsonov, Alexei A.
AU  - Defrise, Michel
AU  - Gullberg, Grant T.
T1  - MRI diffusion tensor reconstruction with PROPELLER data acquisition
JO  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X)
JF  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X)
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 0730725X
AB  - MRI diffusion imaging is effective in measuring the diffusion tensor in brain, cardiac, liver, and spinal tissue. Diffusion tensor tomography MRI (DTT MRI) method is based on reconstructing the diffusion tensor field from measurements of projections of the tensor field. Projections are obtained by appropriate application of rotated diffusion gradients. In the present paper, the potential of a novel data acquisition scheme, PROPELLER (Periodically Rotated Overlapping ParallEL Lines with Enhanced Reconstruction), is examined in combination with DTT MRI for its capability and sufficiency for diffusion imaging. An iterative reconstruction algorithm is used to reconstruct the diffusion tensor field from rotated diffusion weighted blades by appropriate rotated diffusion gradients. DTT MRI with PROPELLER data acquisition shows significant potential to reduce the number of weighted measurements, avoid ambiguity in reconstructing diffusion tensor parameters, increase signal-to-noise ratio, and decrease the influence of signal distortion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (0730725X) is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - TENSOR tympani muscle
KW  - MUSCLES
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - LIVER
N1  - Accession Number: 12435860; Cheryauka, Arvidas B. 1; Email Address: Arvi.Cheryuaka@med.ge.com Lee, James N. 1 Samsonov, Alexei A. 2 Defrise, Michel 3 Gullberg, Grant T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Medical Technologies, Radiology Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA  2: Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, School of Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA  3: Division of Nuclear Medicine, AZ-VUB University Hospital, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium  4: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p139; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: TENSOR tympani muscle; Subject Term: MUSCLES; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: LIVER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mri.2003.08.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xun, Y.
AU  - Tan, M. J.
AU  - Nieh, T. G.
T1  - Grain boundary characterisation in superplastic deformation of Al-Li alloy using electron backscatter diffraction.
JO  - Materials Science & Technology
JF  - Materials Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 180
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 02670836
AB  - The superplastic deformation and microstructural evolution of an as processed 8090 Al-Li alloy has been investigated with particular attention to the dynamic grain size refinement and the formation of high angle grain boundaries during concurrent straining and annealing. Tensile tests were conducted at temperatures in the range 470-560°C and initial strain rates of 10[sup -2]-10[sup -4] s[sup -1], and the starting and deformed samples were characterised using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction. The material showed superplasticity with a maximum elongation to failure of 660% at 530°C and a strain rate of 10[sup -3] s[sup -1]; the stress–strain curves exhibited a steady state flow following a rapid drop in flow stress, which corresponds to a microstructural transformation from a coarse grained to a uniform fine grained microstructure through dynamic recrystallisation (DRX). Despite the initial bimodal grain structure, the DRX process resulted in a gradual increase in average boundary misorientation angles. The development of these high angle boundaries was a result of the absorption of dislocations into sub-boundaries and grain boundary sliding induced subgrain rotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - LITHIUM alloys
KW  - SUPERPLASTICITY
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Aluminium lithium alloy
KW  - EBSD
KW  - Grain boundaries
KW  - Superplasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 12336535; Xun, Y. 1 Tan, M. J. 1; Email Address: mmjtan@ntu.edu.sg Nieh, T. G. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Mechanical & Production Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p173; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: LITHIUM alloys; Subject Term: SUPERPLASTICITY; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminium lithium alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: EBSD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superplasticity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/026708304225011216
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caprarelli, G.
AU  - Reidel, S. P.
T1  - Physical evolution of Grande Ronde Basalt magmas, Columbia River Basalt Group, north-western USA.
JO  - Mineralogy & Petrology
JF  - Mineralogy & Petrology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 80
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 25
SN  - 09300708
AB  - Summary In this paper we present what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first comprehensive study of clinopyroxenes and plagioclases contained in the flows of the Grande Ronde Basalt member of the Columbia River Basalt Group (northwestern USA). The rocks have MgO(wt%)<6%, and trace amounts of Cr and Ni. About 56% of extracted solid containing normative clinopyroxene and plagioclase explains the liquid line of descent from the more mafic sample (MgO wt%=5.89) to the most evolved. The most ubiquitous phases in the basalts are plagioclase and augite. Ilmenite and magnetite are accessories in all rocks. Olivine is present in small amount only in one sample (RT 89-7). Based on principles of Ca–Na plagioclase–liquid exchange, estimates of pre-eruptive magmatic water are < 2.4 wt%. From clinopyroxene–liquid equilibria, calculated pressures and temperatures of ascending magmas are between 1 atm and 0.617 GPa, and 1068 °C and 1166 °C, respectively. Compositions of magnetite–ilmenite pairs and olivine–clinopyroxene–oxide assemblages yield post-eruptive oxygen fugacities of ΔNNO=-1.923, and one pre-eruptive value of ΔNNO=- 2.455. A simple model of asthenospheric melting and magma ponding in the lower crust fits the physical parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mineralogy & Petrology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYROXENE
KW  - PLAGIOCLASE
KW  - ROCKS
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - MAGMAS
N1  - Accession Number: 17019435; Caprarelli, G. 1; Email Address: Graziella.Caprarelli@uts.edu.au Reidel, S. P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Sciences (City Campus), University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Battelle Memorial Institute, MS K6-81, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 80 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: PYROXENE; Subject Term: PLAGIOCLASE; Subject Term: ROCKS; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: MAGMAS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 25p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00710-003-0017-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Pengjie
AU  - Pen, Ue-li
AU  - Trac, Hy
T1  - Precision era of the kinetic Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect: simulations, analytical models and observations and the power to constrain reionization.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/02//2/1/2004
VL  - 347
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1224
EP  - 1233
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - The kinetic Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, which is the dominant cosmic microwave background (CMB) source at arcmin scales and , probes the ionized gas peculiar momentum up to the epoch of reionization and is a sensitive measure of the reionization history. We ran high-resolution self-similar and ΛCDM hydro-simulations and built an analytical model to study this effect. Our model reproduces the ΛCDM simulation results to several per cent accuracy, passes various tests against self-similar simulations, and shows a wider range of applicability than previous analytical models. Our model in its continuous version is free of simulation limitations, such as a finite simulation box and finite resolution, and allows an accurate prediction of the kinetic SZ power spectrum, Cl. For the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe cosmology, we find for the reionization redshift and . The corresponding temperature fluctuation is several μK at these ranges. The dependence of Cl on the reionization history allows an accurate measurement of the reionization epoch. For the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) experiment, Cl can be measured with ∼1 per cent accuracy. Cl scales as . Given cosmological parameters, ACT would be able to constrain zreion with several per cent accuracy. Some multireionization scenarios degenerate in the primary CMB temperature and temperature–E polarization (TE) measurement can be distinguished with ∼ 10 σ confidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - BRIGHTNESS temperature
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - detectors - instrumentation
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - interferometers - methods
N1  - Accession Number: 11979370; Zhang, Pengjie 1; Email Address: zhangpj @fnal.gov Pen, Ue-li 2; Email Address: pen@cita.utoronto.ca Trac, Hy 2,3; Email Address: trac@cita.utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-050, USA  2: Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3H8, Canada  3: Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3H8, Canada; Source Info: 2/1/2004, Vol. 347 Issue 4, p1224; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: BRIGHTNESS temperature; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: detectors - instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: interferometers - methods; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07298.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benjamin, Stanley G.
AU  - Grell, Georg A.
AU  - Brown, John M.
AU  - Smirnova, Tatiana G.
AU  - Bleck, Rainer
T1  - Mesoscale Weather Prediction with the RUC Hybrid Isentropic–Terrain-Following Coordinate Model.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 132
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 494
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - A mesoscale atmospheric forecast model configured in a hybrid isentropic–sigma vertical coordinate and used in the NOAA Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) for operational numerical guidance is presented. The RUC model is the only quasi-isentropic forecast model running operationally in the world and is distinguished from other hybrid isentropic models by its application at fairly high horizontal resolution (10–20 km) and a generalized vertical coordinate formulation that allows model levels to remain continuous and yet be purely isentropic well into the middle and even lower troposphere. The RUC model is fully described in its 2003 operational version, including numerics and physical parameterizations. The use of these parameterizations, including mixed-phase cloud microphysics and an ensemble-closure-based cumulus parameterization, is fully consistent with the RUC vertical coordinate without any loss of generality. A series of experiments confirm that the RUC hybrid θ–σ coordinate reduces cross-coordinate transport over a quasi-horizontal σ coordinate. This reduction in cross-coordinate vertical transport results in less numerical vertical diffusion and thereby improves numerical accuracy for moist reversible processes. Finally, a forecast is presented of a strong cyclogenesis case over the eastern United States in which the RUC model produced an accurate 36-h prediction, especially in a 10-km nested version. Horizontal and vertical plots from these forecasts give evidence of detailed yet coherent structures of potential vorticity, moisture, and vertical motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WEATHER forecasting
KW  - WEATHER
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - TROPOSPHERE
KW  - GEOPHYSICAL prediction
KW  - TROPOSPHERIC thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12164735; Benjamin, Stanley G. 1; Email Address: stan.benjamin@noaa.gov Grell, Georg A. 2 Brown, John M. 1 Smirnova, Tatiana G. 2 Bleck, Rainer 3; Affiliation:  1: NOAA/Forecast Systems Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado.  2: Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 132 Issue 2, p473; Subject Term: WEATHER forecasting; Subject Term: WEATHER; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERE; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICAL prediction; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERIC thermodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541990 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin
AU  - Y.
AU  - Lu
AU  - F.
AU  - Tu
AU  - Ren
AU  - Z.
T1  - Glucose Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanotube Nanoelectrode Ensembles.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 195
SN  - 15306984
AB  - This paper describes the development of glucose biosensors based on carbon nanotube (CNT) nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs) for the selective detection of glucose. Glucose oxidase was covalently immobilized on CNT NEEs via carbodiimide chemistry by forming amide linkages between their amine residues and carboxylic acid groups on the CNT tips. The catalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide liberated from the enzymatic reaction of glucose oxidase upon the glucose and oxygen on CNT NEEs leads to the selective detection of glucose. The biosensor effectively performs a selective electrochemical analysis of glucose in the presence of common interferents (e.g., acetaminophen, uric and ascorbic acids), avoiding the generation of an overlapping signal from such interferers. Such an operation eliminates the need for permselective membrane barriers or artificial electron mediators, thus greatly simplifying the sensor design and fabrication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - GLUCOSE
N1  - Accession Number: 12266732; Lin Y. 1 Lu F. 1 Tu Ren Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, and Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p191; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: GLUCOSE; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Knutsen
AU  - K. P.
AU  - Yan
AU  - H.
AU  - Law
AU  - M.
AU  - Zhang
AU  - Y.
AU  - Yang
AU  - P.
AU  - Saykally
AU  - R. J.
T1  - Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Single ZnO Nanowire and Nanoribbon Lasers.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 204
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Time-resolved second-harmonic generation (TRSHG) and transient photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy are utilized to probe the ultrafast creation and subsequent relaxation of excited carriers immediately following band-gap excitation in single ZnO nanowire and nanoribbon lasers. The TRSHG signal consists of a 1-5 ps recovery present only during strong lasing and a 10-80 ps intensity-dependent component. The transient PL response from single structures exhibits an 80 ps decay component independent of pump power (free exciton PL), and a < 10 ps power-dependent component (stimulated emission) that shifts to earlier delay by ca. 10 ps at high pump fluence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - SECOND harmonic generation
N1  - Accession Number: 12266733; Johnson J. C. 1 Knutsen K. P. 1 Yan H. 1 Law M. 1 Zhang Y. 1 Yang P. 1 Saykally R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p197; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SECOND harmonic generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sundrani
AU  - D.
AU  - Darling
AU  - S. B.
AU  - Sibener
AU  - S. J.
T1  - Guiding Polymers to Perfection:  Macroscopic Alignment of Nanoscale Domains.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 276
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Nanoscale diblock copolymer domains are aligned via top-down/bottom-up hierarchical assembly. Grating substrates template cylinder alignment with demonstrated 5000:1 aspect ratio for 100 μm domains extendable to arbitrary length scales. Depending on trough depth and amount of deposited polymer, aligned domains are (1) confined to the channels or (2) expanded across the grating frequently with (3) a complete absence of defects. This methodology can be exploited in hybrid hard/soft matter systems for electronics, catalysis, and sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLOCK copolymers
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL templates
KW  - BIOSENSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12266747; Sundrani D. 1 Darling S. B. 1 Sibener S. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: The James Franck Institute and the Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p273; Subject Term: BLOCK copolymers; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL templates; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fryer, C.L.
T1  - Core-collapse model effects on nucleosynthesis
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 13876473
AB  - Although simulations of the core-collapse supernova mechanism have not yet converged on a final answer, much of the intuition gained from these simulations can change our current picture of supernova nucleosynthesis. Here we review the basic supernova explosion mechanism with an update on the current status of this mechanism. We then discuss, how this picture leads to changes in the current calculations of nucleosynthetic yields from these outbursts. The behavior of the electron fraction, mixing and explosion energy (as a function of mass) are quite different, than the assumptions used in many nucleosynthesis calculations, and we will focus on these issues. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
KW  - GALACTIC X-ray sources
KW  - CATACLYSMIC variable stars
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - 26.30.+k
KW  - 97.60.Bw
KW  - 97.60.Jd
KW  - Neutron stars
KW  - Nucleosynthesis in novae
KW  - Supernovae
KW  - Supernovae and other explosive environments
N1  - Accession Number: 12106294; Fryer, C.L. 1; Email Address: fryer@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Astrophysics, MS B227, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1-4, p13; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: GALACTIC X-ray sources; Subject Term: CATACLYSMIC variable stars; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: 26.30.+k; Author-Supplied Keyword: 97.60.Bw; Author-Supplied Keyword: 97.60.Jd; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron stars; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleosynthesis in novae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supernovae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supernovae and other explosive environments; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.11.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hungerford, A.
T1  - Radioactive decay lines from asymmetric supernova explosions
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 13876473
AB  - High energy emission from supernovae provide a direct window into the quantity and distribution of radioactive elements produced in these explosions. Combining supernova explosion calculations with 3D Monte Carlo γ-ray transport, I have studied the effect mixing and asymmetries have on the hard X-ray and γ-ray spectra. With sufficient spectral resolution, the emission line profiles from nickel decay have enough information to distinguish between spherical and mildly asymmetric supernova explosions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - GALACTIC X-ray sources
KW  - CATACLYSMIC variable stars
KW  - EXPLOSIONS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - γ-rays
KW  - 97.60.Bw
KW  - Asymmetries
KW  - Supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12106295; Hungerford, A. 1,2; Email Address: aimee@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1-4, p19; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: GALACTIC X-ray sources; Subject Term: CATACLYSMIC variable stars; Subject Term: EXPLOSIONS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NICKEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: 97.60.Bw; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asymmetries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supernovae; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.11.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milne, P.A.
T1  - Annihilation puzzles for INTEGRAL
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 13876473
AB  - The instrument is operational, the analysis team assembled and the observations have begun. As we are on the precipice of the INTEGRAL era of annihilation radiation science, it is timely to review the findings of the CGRO/OSSE instrument by posing four new puzzles for the INTEGRAL satellite’s SPI and IBIS teams. The puzzles are: (1) Is there a Galactic Center point source? (2) What is the Bulge–Disk ratio? (3) Does the annihilation fountain exist? (4) Is there Gould Belt emission? Answering these four puzzles will not be easy and will likely require dedicated observations beyond those scheduled as part of the Core Program. However, if all four can be definitively answered, annihilation radiation science will have moved very close to being able to account for the production of galactic positrons and will be ready to use positron annihilation to probe the Galaxy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - RADIOLOGY
KW  - POSITRONS
KW  - γ-rays
KW  - Galaxy
KW  - ISM
N1  - Accession Number: 12106307; Milne, P.A. 1; Email Address: pmilne@t6-serv.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B227, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1-4, p93; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Subject Term: POSITRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISM; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.11.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kippen, R. Marc
T1  - The GEANT low energy Compton scattering (GLECS) package for use in simulating advanced Compton telescopes
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
SN  - 13876473
AB  - Compton γ-ray imaging is inherently based on the assumption of γ-rays scattering with free electrons. In reality, the non-zero momentum of target electrons bound in atoms blurs this ideal scattering response in a process known as Doppler broadening. The design and understanding of advanced Compton telescopes, thus, depends critically on the ability to accurately account for Doppler broadening effects. For this purpose, a Monte Carlo package that simulates detailed Doppler broadening has been developed for use with the powerful, general-purpose GEANT3 and GEANT4 radiation transport codes. This paper describes the design of this package, and illustrates results of comparison with selected experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - γ-ray telescopes
KW  - Compton scattering
KW  - Computer modeling and simulation
KW  - Monte Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 12106331; Kippen, R. Marc 1; Email Address: mkippen@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory ISR-2, MS B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1-4, p221; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-ray telescopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compton scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer modeling and simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo method; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.11.039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Martin, F.
AU  - Tuskan, G. A.
AU  - DiFazio, S. P.
AU  - Lammers, P.
AU  - Newcombe, G.
AU  - Podila, G. K.
T1  - Analysis Symbiotic sequencing for the Populus mesocosm.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 161
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 330
EP  - 335
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Analyzes the symbiotic sequencing for the Populus mesocosm. Assessment of the development and functioning of arbuscular endomycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal symbioses on a larger scale allowed by a surge of studies based on functional genomics; Comparison of the whole genomes of saprobic and pathogenic species with mycorrhizal genomes; Influence of the microfauna and flora associated with a plant's rhizosphere on the ability of the host genotype to respond to fluctuations in the environment.
KW  - POPLAR
KW  - ENDOMYCORRHIZAS
KW  - ECTOMYCORRHIZAS
KW  - SYMBIOSIS
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - RHIZOSPHERE
N1  - Accession Number: 11762635; Martin, F. 1; Email Address: fmartin@nancy.inra.fr Tuskan, G. A. 2 DiFazio, S. P. 2 Lammers, P. 3 Newcombe, G. 4 Podila, G. K. 5; Affiliation:  1: UMR INRA/UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres/ Micro-Organismes, INRA-Nancy, 54280 Champenoux, France  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, PO Box 3001, Department 3MLS, Las Cruces, NM 88003–8001  4: College of Natural Resources, University fo Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–1133, USA  5: Departmetn of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Huntsville, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 161 Issue 2, p330; Subject Term: POPLAR; Subject Term: ENDOMYCORRHIZAS; Subject Term: ECTOMYCORRHIZAS; Subject Term: SYMBIOSIS; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: RHIZOSPHERE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00982.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11762635&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adriaensen, Kristin
AU  - van der Lelie, Daniël
AU  - Van Laere, André
AU  - Vangronsveld, Jaco
AU  - Colpaert, Jan V.
T1  - A zinc-adapted fungus protects pines from zinc stress.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 161
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 549
EP  - 555
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Here we investigated zinc tolerance of ectomycorrhizal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings. An ectomycorrhizal genotype of Suillus bovinus, collected from a Zn-contaminated site and showing adaptive Zn tolerance in vitro, was compared with a nonadapted isolate from a nonpolluted area. A dose-response experiment was performed. Dynamics of plant and fungal development, and phosphate and ammonium uptake capacity, were assessed under increasing Zn stress. Effects of Zn on transpiration, nutrient content and Zn accumulation were analysed. Significant Zn-inoculation interaction effects were observed for several responses measured, including uptake rates of phosphate and ammonium; phosphorus, iron and Zn content in shoots; transpiration; biomass of external mycelia; and fungal biomass in roots. The Zn-tolerant S. bovinus genotype was particularly efficient in protecting pines from Zn stress. The growth of a Zn-sensitive genotype from a normal wild-type population was inhibited at high Zn concentrations, and this isolate could not sustain the pines' acquisition of nutrients. This study shows that well adapted microbial root symbionts are a major component of the survival strategy of trees that colonize contaminated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCOTS pine
KW  - ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi
KW  - ZINC
KW  - PLANT development
KW  - PHYTOPATHOGENIC fungi
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - TRANSPIRATION of plants
KW  - ectomycorrhizal symbiosis
KW  - nutrient uptake
KW  - phytoremediation
KW  - Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine)
KW  - Suillus bovinus
KW  - Zn tolerance
KW  - Zn toxicity
N1  - Accession Number: 11762648; Adriaensen, Kristin 1 van der Lelie, Daniël 1,2 Van Laere, André 3 Vangronsveld, Jaco 1 Colpaert, Jan V. 1; Email Address: jan.colpaert@luc.ac.be; Affiliation:  1: Centre of Environmental Sciences, Environmental Biology Group, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, Universitaire Campus, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Biology Department, Building 463, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA  3: Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 161 Issue 2, p549; Subject Term: SCOTS pine; Subject Term: ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: PLANT development; Subject Term: PHYTOPATHOGENIC fungi; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: TRANSPIRATION of plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: ectomycorrhizal symbiosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient uptake; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytoremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine); Author-Supplied Keyword: Suillus bovinus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zn tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zn toxicity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00941.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11762648&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuhlmann, S.
AU  - Frisch, H.
AU  - Cordelli, M.
AU  - Huston, J.
AU  - Miller, R.
AU  - Lami, S.
AU  - Paoletti, R.
AU  - Turini, N.
AU  - Iori, M.
AU  - Toback, D.
AU  - Ukegawa, F.
T1  - The CDF calorimeter upgrade for Run IIb
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The physics program at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider will continue to explore the high-energy frontier of particle physics until the commissioning of the LHC at CERN. The luminosity increase provided by the Main Injector will require upgrades beyond those implemented for the first stage (Run IIa) of the Tevatron''s Run II physics program. The upgrade of the CDF calorimetry includes: (1) the replacement of the slow gas detectors on the front face of the Central Calorimeter with a faster scintillator version which has a better segmentation, and (2) the addition of timing information to both the Central and EndPlug Electromagnetic Calorimeters to filter out cosmic ray and beam related backgrounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - Electromagnetic
KW  - Fiber
KW  - Preshower
KW  - Scintillator
KW  - Timing
N1  - Accession Number: 12106089; Kuhlmann, S. 1 Frisch, H. 2 Cordelli, M. 3 Huston, J. 4 Miller, R. 4 Lami, S. 5,6; Email Address: lami@fnal.gov Paoletti, R. 5,7 Turini, N. 5,7 Iori, M. 8 Toback, D. 9 Ukegawa, F. 10; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, USA  2: University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  3: Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy  4: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  5: INFN Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy  6: Department of Experimental Physics, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA  7: University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy  8: University of Roma 1 and INFN, I-00185 Roma, Italy  9: Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA  10: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p39; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preshower; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Timing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Repond, José
T1  - A digital hadron calorimeter for the Linear Collider
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The concept of a digital hadron calorimeter for the Linear Collider is presented. The various R&D efforts pursuing the development of a viable active medium and the corresponding electronic readout system are reviewed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Calorimetry
KW  - Energy flow
KW  - Linear Collider
N1  - Accession Number: 12106094; Repond, José 1; Email Address: repond@hep.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p54; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linear Collider; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.022
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106094&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Previtali, E.
AU  - Arnaboldi, C.
AU  - Artusa, D.R.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Balata, M.
AU  - Bandac, I.
AU  - Barucci, M.
AU  - Beeman, J.
AU  - Brofferio, C.
AU  - Bucci, C.
AU  - Capelli, S.
AU  - Capozzi, F.
AU  - Carbone, L.
AU  - Cebrian, S.
AU  - Cremonesi, O.
AU  - Creswick, R.J.
AU  - de Waard, A.
AU  - Farach, H.A.
AU  - Fiorini, E.
AU  - Frossati, G.
T1  - CUORICINO: a new large bolometer array for astroparticle physics
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
SN  - 01689002
AB  - After 3 years of project study and development, a <f>40 kg</f>, 62-crystal, thermal detector array CUORICINO started last February. It is supposed to test the two claimed, but still not confirmed, evidences in Dark Matter and in Double Beta Decay (DBD) reported in the last few years and it will have a first glance on Solar Axion. The technical goals that were forseen for this experiment would be the confirmation on the feasibility of the CUORE experiment, a <f>1 ton</f> multipurpose experiment with bolometers, that could open a new era in DBD physics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - INTERSTELLAR matter
KW  - BETA decay
KW  - Cryogenic detectors
KW  - Dark Matter
KW  - Double beta decay
N1  - Accession Number: 12106158; Previtali, E. 1; Email Address: ezio.previtali@mib.infn.it Arnaboldi, C. 1 Artusa, D.R. 2 Avignone III, F.T. 2 Balata, M. 3 Bandac, I. 2 Barucci, M. 4 Beeman, J. 5 Brofferio, C. 1 Bucci, C. 3 Capelli, S. 1 Capozzi, F. 1 Carbone, L. 1 Cebrian, S. 6 Cremonesi, O. 1 Creswick, R.J. 2 de Waard, A. 7 Farach, H.A. 2 Fiorini, E. 1 Frossati, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’ Università Milano-Bicocca e Sezione Milano INFN, Milano I-20126, Italy  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia S.C. 29208, USA  3: Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila) I-67010, Italy  4: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’ Università Firenze e Sezione Firenze INFN, Firenze I-50125, Italy  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Laboratory of Nuclear and High Energy Physics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain  7: Kamerling Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300-RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p256; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: INTERSTELLAR matter; Subject Term: BETA decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark Matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double beta decay; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.075
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106158&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avati, V.
AU  - Boccone, V.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Bozzo, M.
AU  - Capra, R.
AU  - Casagrande, L.
AU  - Eggert, K.
AU  - Heijne, E.
AU  - Klauke, S.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Mäki, T.
AU  - Morelli, A.
AU  - Oljemark, F.
AU  - G. Palmieri, V.
AU  - Perea-Solano, B.
AU  - Tapprogge, S.
T1  - First test of cold edgeless silicon microstrip detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Silicon microstrip detectors will provide the forward tracking in the TOTEM experiment at the LHC. To allow efficient tracking closest to the beam <f>(&ap;1 mm)</f> these detectors should be sensitive up to their physical edge (i.e. edgeless). Edgeless (without guard rings) microstrip planar detectors can be operated at cryogenic temperatures (about <f>130° K</f>) where leakage currents due to the active edge are drastically reduced. A silicon microstrip prototype, cut perpendicular to the strips, has been tested with a pion beam at CERN to study its efficiency close to the edge by using reference tracks from a simple silicon telescope. Results indicate that the detector measures tracks with good efficiency up to the physical edge of the silicon. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - STRIP transmission lines
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - Cryogenics
KW  - Elastic scattering
KW  - High energy physics
KW  - Silicon detector
KW  - Tracking
N1  - Accession Number: 12106163; Avati, V. 1 Boccone, V. 2 Borer, K. 3 Bozzo, M. 2; Email Address: marco.bozzo@cern.ch Capra, R. 2 Casagrande, L. 4 Eggert, K. 1 Heijne, E. 1 Klauke, S. 1 Li, Z. 5 Mäki, T. 6 Morelli, A. 2 Oljemark, F. 6 G. Palmieri, V. 6 Perea-Solano, B. 1 Tapprogge, S. 6; Affiliation:  1: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland  2: INFN Sez. di Genova, Universitá di Genova, Genova, Italy  3: Laboratorium für Hochenergiephysik, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland  4: INFN Sez. di Roma 2, Universitá di Roma 2, Rome, Italy  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  6: Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p264; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: STRIP transmission lines; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: High energy physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.078
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Bortoletto, D.
AU  - Burghard, A.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Canepa, A.
AU  - Castro, A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Chertok, M.
AU  - Ciobanu, C.
AU  - Derylo, G.
AU  - Fang, I.
AU  - Flaugher, B.
AU  - Freeman, J.
AU  - Galtieri, L.
T1  - The CDF Run IIb silicon detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Fermilab plans to deliver 5–15 fb−1 of integrated luminosity to the CDF and D0 experiments. The current inner silicon detectors at CDF (SVXIIa and L00) will not tolerate the radiation dose associated with high-luminosity running and will need to be replaced. A new readout chip (SVX4) has been designed in radiation-hard 0.25 μm, CMOS technology. Single-sided sensors are arranged in a compact structure, called a stave, with integrated readout and cooling systems. This paper describes the general design of the Run IIb system, testing results of prototype electrical components (staves), and prototype silicon sensor performance before and after irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SILICON crystals
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - 29.90.+r
KW  - CDF
KW  - Fermilab
KW  - Run IIb
KW  - Silicon sensors
KW  - Silicon vertex detector
KW  - SVX4
KW  - Tevatron
N1  - Accession Number: 12106165; Aoki, M. 1 Bacchetta, N. 2,3 Behari, S. 4 Benjamin, D. 5 Bisello, D. 3 Bolla, G. 6 Bortoletto, D. 6 Burghard, A. 7 Busetto, G. 3 Cabrera, S. 5 Canepa, A. 6 Castro, A. 8 Cardoso, G. 2 Chertok, M. 9 Ciobanu, C. 10 Derylo, G. 2 Fang, I. 2 Flaugher, B. 2; Email Address: brenna@fnal.gov Freeman, J. 11 Galtieri, L. 11; Affiliation:  1: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA<fn id="fn2"><no>2</no>Operated by Universities Research Association Inc. under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH 03000 with the United States Department of Energy.</fn>  3: Università di Padova and INFN, Padova, Italy  4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  5: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA  6: Physics Department, 1396 Physics Building, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  7: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  8: Università di Bologna and INFN, Bologna, Italy  9: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  10: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA  11: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p270; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SILICON crystals; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.90.+r; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermilab; Author-Supplied Keyword: Run IIb; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon vertex detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: SVX4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tevatron; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Atac, M.
AU  - Pavlicek, V.
AU  - Nahn, S.
AU  - Garcia-Sciveres, M.
AU  - Mumford, R.
AU  - Nguyen, T.
AU  - Forrester, S.
AU  - Hill, C.
AU  - Olszewski, J.
AU  - Rahaman, A.
AU  - Goldstein, J.
AU  - Ashmanskas, B.
AU  - Maruyama, T.
AU  - Zimmerman, T.
AU  - Moccia, S.
AU  - Lewis, J.
T1  - Wire-bond failures induced by resonant vibrations in the CDF silicon detector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Unrecoverable internal failures of modules in the CDF Run2 Silicon detector have been observed since its installation in early 2001. A fraction of these failures has been categorized as infant mortality. Other failures occurring later were strongly correlated with fixed trigger conditions. These failures are explained by wire-bonds breaking due to fatigue stress induced by resonant vibration. These resonant vibrations are a direct consequence of the oscillating Lorentz forces induced by the <f>1.4 T</f> magnetic field on wire-bonds carrying non-DC current. Changes have been implemented in data-taking procedures in order to minimize the occurrences of such failures and to prolong the lifetime of the detector itself. A more general analysis of the topic has been pursued. Changes in the packaging and assembly processes for future applications have been investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - INFANT mortality
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CDF
KW  - Tracker
N1  - Accession Number: 12106167; Bolla, G. 1; Email Address: bolla@fnal.gov Atac, M. 2 Pavlicek, V. 2 Nahn, S. 3 Garcia-Sciveres, M. 4 Mumford, R. 5 Nguyen, T. 2 Forrester, S. 6 Hill, C. 7 Olszewski, J. 5 Rahaman, A. 8 Goldstein, J. 9 Ashmanskas, B. 10 Maruyama, T. 11 Zimmerman, T. 2 Moccia, S. 2 Lewis, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, 1396 Physics Building, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  6: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  7: University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  8: University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg, PA 15260, USA  9: CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK  10: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  11: University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p277; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: INFANT mortality; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracker; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.081
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - En’yo, H.
AU  - Goto, Y.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Elliott, D.
AU  - Kawabata, T.
AU  - Togawa, M.
AU  - Saito, N.
AU  - Rykov, V.
AU  - Tanida, K.
AU  - Tojo, J.
T1  - Novel silicon stripixel detector for PHENIX Upgrade
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Novel detector type, named “Stripixel” detector developed at BNL, has been applied in the development of a prototype Si strip detector for the PHENIX Upgrade at RHIC. This novel detector type can generate X–Y two-dimensional position sensitivity with single-sided processing and readout. The prototype Si stripixel detector has an active area of about 3 cm×6 cm, which is divided into two identical halves. Both X and Y pitches are 80 μm, with a stereo angle of 4.6°. There are 384 X strips and 384 Y strips on each half of the detector. The first batch of prototype Si stripixel detectors has been produced at BNL. The initial tests of detector electrical properties have yielded good results. Charge collection tests on test-structure strip detectors have shown both X and Y position sensitivities to laser light. Beam tests on the Si strip detectors have been done at RIKEN in November 2002. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 12106178; Li, Z. 1,2; Email Address: zhengl@bnl.gov En’yo, H. 1,3 Goto, Y. 1,3 Radeka, V. 2 Chen, W. 2 Elliott, D. 2 Kawabata, T. 3 Togawa, M. 3,4 Saito, N. 1,3,4 Rykov, V. 3 Tanida, K. 3 Tojo, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  4: Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p300; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.189
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106178&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Härkönen, J.
AU  - Tuovinen, E.
AU  - Luukka, P.
AU  - Tuominen, E.
AU  - Lassila-Perini, K.
AU  - Mehtälä, P.
AU  - Nummela, S.
AU  - Nysten, J.
AU  - Zibellini, A.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Fretwurst, E.
AU  - Lindstroem, G.
AU  - Stahl, J.
AU  - Hönniger, F.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Ivanov, A.
AU  - Verbitskaya, E.
AU  - Heikkilä, P.
AU  - Ovchinnikov, V.
AU  - Yli-Koski, M.
T1  - Radiation hardness of Czochralski silicon, Float Zone silicon and oxygenated Float Zone silicon studied by low energy protons
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 346
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We processed pin-diodes on Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si), standard Float Zone silicon (Fz-Si) and oxygenated Fz-Si. The diodes were irradiated with 10, 20, and <f>30 MeV</f> protons. Depletion voltages and leakage currents were measured as a function of the irradiation dose. Additionally, the samples were characterized by TCT and DLTS methods. The high-resistivity Cz-Si was found to be more radiation hard than the other studied materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIODES
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - Cz-Si
KW  - Detector
KW  - Radiation hardness
N1  - Accession Number: 12106192; Härkönen, J. 1 Tuovinen, E. 1 Luukka, P. 1 Tuominen, E. 1 Lassila-Perini, K. 1 Mehtälä, P. 1 Nummela, S. 1 Nysten, J. 1 Zibellini, A. 1 Li, Z. 2 Fretwurst, E. 3 Lindstroem, G. 3 Stahl, J. 3 Hönniger, F. 3 Eremin, V. 4 Ivanov, A. 4 Verbitskaya, E. 4 Heikkilä, P. 5 Ovchinnikov, V. 5 Yli-Koski, M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 22761,Germany  4: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  5: Microelectronics Centre, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 3500, Helsinki 02015, Finland  6: Electron Physics Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 3500, Helsinki 02015, Finland; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p346; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cz-Si; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation hardness; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106192&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castoldi, A.
AU  - Galimberti, A.
AU  - Guazzoni, C.
AU  - Rehak, P.
AU  - Strüder, L.
T1  - Towards large area X- and gamma-ray imagers based on Controlled Drift Detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 426
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The design solutions of a new generation of Controlled Drift Detectors (CDD) with larger area and flexible pixel size are discussed. The experimental results show that the active areas of few square centimetres and pixel sizes ranging from 50 to 180 μm can be safely designed keeping the readout time within few microseconds. Large-area CDD with excellent energy resolution and fast readout opens a variety of new biological, medical and industrial applications. Application examples to microsecond-scale time-resolved imaging of periodical processes, 2D/3D energy-weighted tomography and Compton telescope for γ-ray imaging with sub-millimeter resolution are proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPTON electrons
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Compton telescope
KW  - Controlled Drift Detectors
KW  - Time-resolved X-ray imaging
KW  - X-ray imaging
KW  - X-ray tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 12106222; Castoldi, A. 1; Email Address: andrea.castoldi@polimi.it Galimberti, A. 1 Guazzoni, C. 1 Rehak, P. 2 Strüder, L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy and INFN, Sez. di Milano, Italy  2: Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA  3: Max Planck Institut Halbleiterlabor, Otto-Hahn-Ring 6, München D-81739, Germany; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p426; Subject Term: COMPTON electrons; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compton telescope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Controlled Drift Detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-resolved X-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray tomography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.048
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106222&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fadeyev, Vitaliy
AU  - Haber, Carl
T1  - A novel application of high energy physics technology to the problem of audio preservation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 456
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Audio information stored in the undulations of grooves in a medium such as a phonograph record may be reconstructed, with no contact, by measuring the groove shape using precision metrology methods and digital image processing. The effects of damage and contamination may be compensated through image processing. The speed and data handling capacity of available computing hardware make this approach practical. A feasibility test is reported which used a general purpose optical metrology system to study a 50 year old 78 r.p.m. phonograph record. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - PHONOGRAPH
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - Image processing
KW  - Tracking methods
N1  - Accession Number: 12106231; Fadeyev, Vitaliy 1 Haber, Carl; Email Address: chaber@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p456; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: PHONOGRAPH; Subject Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking methods; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414210 Home entertainment equipment merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106231&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ashmanskas, Bill
AU  - Bogdan, Mircea
AU  - Frisch, Henry
AU  - Liu, Ted
AU  - Sanders, Harold
AU  - Shochet, Mel
T1  - Virtual prototype method used in design of electronic circuitry for CDF
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The use of powerful CAE/CAD tools allows designers to substantially reduce development time and costs of complex electronic circuitry such as 9U VME Boards used in the CDF experiment. We describe a method implemented to design and fully simulate circuit boards used in the CDF experiment''s Level 1, Level 2, and Silicon Tracker (SVT) trigger, considering both the functional and the signal integrity issues. Integrating Synopsys and Altera CAD tools in a Mentor Graphics design environment permits an accurate connector-to-connector or even multi-board functional simulation, which includes the placement and layout effects. This method of evaluating the whole circuit board in a comprehensive simulation process has greatly reduced design and implementation time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC circuits
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PRINTED circuits
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Behavioral models
KW  - Circuit design
KW  - Full-board simulation
KW  - Signal integrity
KW  - Timing simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 12106241; Ashmanskas, Bill 1 Bogdan, Mircea 1; Email Address: bogdan@frodo.uchicago.edu Frisch, Henry 1 Liu, Ted 2 Sanders, Harold 1 Shochet, Mel 1; Affiliation:  1: The University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p491; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuits; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PRINTED circuits; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Behavioral models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Circuit design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Full-board simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signal integrity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Timing simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334412 Bare Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334418 Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106241&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manfredi, P.F.
AU  - Ratti, L.
AU  - Speziali, V.
AU  - Traversi, G.
AU  - Manghisoni, M.
AU  - Re, V.
AU  - Denes, P.
AU  - Placidi, M.
AU  - Ratti, A.
AU  - Turner, W.C.
AU  - Datte, P.S.
AU  - Millaud, J.E.
T1  - The readout of the LHC beam luminosity monitor: accurate shower energy measurements at a <f>40 MHz</f> repetition rate
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The LHC beam luminosity monitor is based on the following principle. The neutrals that originate in LHC at every PP interaction develop showers of minimum ionizing particles in the absorbers placed in front of the separation dipoles. The shower energy, measured by suitable detectors in the absorbers is proportional to the number of neutral particles and, therefore, to the luminosity. The principle lends itself to a luminosity measurement on a bunch-by-bunch basis. However, to make such a measurement feasible, the system must comply with extremely stringent requirements. Its speed of operation must match the <f>40 MHz</f> bunch repetition rate of LHC. Besides, the detector must stand extremely high radiation doses. This paper discusses the solutions adopted to comply with these requirements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - Beam luminosity characterization
KW  - Radiation detection
KW  - Signal processing and noise
N1  - Accession Number: 12106245; Manfredi, P.F. 1,2,3; Email Address: pfmanfredi@lbl.gov Ratti, L. 1,2 Speziali, V. 1,2 Traversi, G. 1,2 Manghisoni, M. 1,4 Re, V. 1,4 Denes, P. 3 Placidi, M. 3 Ratti, A. 3 Turner, W.C. 3 Datte, P.S. 5 Millaud, J.E. 5; Affiliation:  1: INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy  2: Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, Pavia I-27100, Italy  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, Dalmine (BG) I24044, Italy  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p501; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam luminosity characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signal processing and noise; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.069
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106245&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiodini, G.
AU  - Appel, J.A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Christian, D.C.
AU  - Hall, B.
AU  - Hoff, J.
AU  - Kwan, S.W.
AU  - Mekkaoui, A.
AU  - Moroni, L.
AU  - Uplegger, L.
AU  - Zimmermann, S.
T1  - Single event upset rate of 140 Mb/s pixel-data serializer
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report on high-dose irradiation studies performed with a 200 MeV proton beam on a 140 Mbit/s pixel-data serializer prototype realized in standard 0.25 μm CMOS technology. The data serializer was implemented recently for the BTeV pixel readout chip developed at Fermilab. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Pixel
KW  - Proton irradiation
KW  - Readout chip
KW  - Serializer
KW  - Single event upset
N1  - Accession Number: 12106247; Chiodini, G. 1; Email Address: gabriele.chiodini@le.infn.it Appel, J.A. 2 Cardoso, G. 2 Christian, D.C. 2 Hall, B. 2 Hoff, J. 2 Kwan, S.W. 2 Mekkaoui, A. 2 Moroni, L. 3 Uplegger, L. 3 Zimmermann, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via Celoria 16, Milano 20133, Italy; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p507; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Readout chip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Serializer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single event upset; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.070
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106247&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ashmanskas, Bill
AU  - Barchiesi, A.
AU  - Bardi, A.
AU  - Bari, M.
AU  - Baumgart, M.
AU  - Belforte, S.
AU  - Berryhill, J.
AU  - Bogdan, M.
AU  - Carosi, R.
AU  - Cerri, A.
AU  - Chlachidze, G.
AU  - Culbertson, R.
AU  - Dell'Orso, M.
AU  - Donati, S.
AU  - Fiori, I.
AU  - Frisch, H.
AU  - Galeotti, S.
AU  - Giannetti, P.
AU  - Glagolev, V.
AU  - Leger, A.
T1  - The CDF Silicon Vertex Trigger
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 532
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) experiment''s Silicon Vertex Trigger (SVT) is a system of 150 custom 9U VME boards that reconstructs axial tracks in the CDF silicon strip detector in a <f>15 μs</f> pipeline. SVT''s <f>35 μm</f> impact parameter resolution enables CDF''s Level 2 trigger to distinguish primary and secondary particles, and hence to collect large samples of hadronic bottom and charm decays. We review some of SVT''s key design features. Speed is achieved with custom VLSI pattern recognition, linearized track fitting, pipelining, and parallel processing. Testing and reliability are aided by built-in logic state analysis and test-data sourcing at each board''s input and output, a common interboard data link, and a universal “Merger” board for data fan-in/fan-out. Speed and adaptability are enhanced by use of modern FPGAs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - VERY large scale integration of circuits
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - Position-sensitive detectors
KW  - Real time pattern recognition
KW  - Tracking
KW  - Trigger
N1  - Accession Number: 12106256; Ashmanskas, Bill 1; Email Address: wja@hep.anl.gov Barchiesi, A. 2 Bardi, A. 3 Bari, M. 4 Baumgart, M. 5 Belforte, S. 4 Berryhill, J. 5 Bogdan, M. 5 Carosi, R. 3 Cerri, A. 6 Chlachidze, G. 7 Culbertson, R. 5 Dell'Orso, M. 3 Donati, S. 3 Fiori, I. 8 Frisch, H. 5 Galeotti, S. 3 Giannetti, P. 3 Glagolev, V. 7 Leger, A. 9; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: INFN, Sezione di Roma I and University La Sapienza, Roma I-00173, Italy  3: INFN, University and Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa, Pisa I-56100, Italy  4: INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste I-34012, Italy  5: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  7: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia  8: University of Padova and INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova I-35031, Italy  9: University of Geneva, CH-122, Genèva 4, Switzerland; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p532; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: VERY large scale integration of circuits; Subject Term: HADRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position-sensitive detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Real time pattern recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.078
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106256&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Armstrong, S.
AU  - Assamagan, K.
AU  - Baines, J.T.
AU  - Bee, C.P.
AU  - Biglietti, M.
AU  - Bogaerts, A.
AU  - Boisvert, V.
AU  - Bosman, M.
AU  - Brandt, S.
AU  - Caron, B.
AU  - Casado, P.
AU  - Cataldi, G.
AU  - Cavalli, D.
AU  - Cervetto, M.
AU  - Comune, G.
AU  - Corso-Radu, A.
AU  - Di Mattia, A.
AU  - Diaz Gomez, M.
AU  - dos Anjos, A.
AU  - Drohan, J.
T1  - Architecture of the ATLAS High Level Trigger Event Selection Software
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present an overview of the strategy for Event Selection at the ATLAS High Level Trigger and describe the architecture and main components of the software developed for this purpose. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - LHC
KW  - Software
KW  - Trigger
N1  - Accession Number: 12106259; Armstrong, S. 1 Assamagan, K. 2 Baines, J.T. 3 Bee, C.P. 4 Biglietti, M. 5 Bogaerts, A. 1 Boisvert, V. 1 Bosman, M. 6 Brandt, S. 1 Caron, B. 7 Casado, P. 1 Cataldi, G. 8 Cavalli, D. 9 Cervetto, M. 10 Comune, G. 11 Corso-Radu, A. 11 Di Mattia, A. 12 Diaz Gomez, M. 13 dos Anjos, A. 14 Drohan, J. 15; Affiliation:  1: European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY, USA  3: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, UK  4: CPPM, Case 902, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France  5: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Naples e I.N.F.N., Naples, Italy  6: Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain  7: University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada  8: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Lecce e I.N.F.N., Lecce, Italy  9: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Milano e I.N.F.N., Milano, Italy  10: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Genova e I.N.F.N., Genova, Italy  11: Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland  12: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’ e I.N.F.N., Roma, Italy  13: Section de Physique, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland  14: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, COPPE/EE/IF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  15: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p537; Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Subject Term: COMPUTER architecture; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.079
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106259&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kistenev, E.
T1  - Particle identification in the PHENIX experiment at RHIC (present and future)
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The PHENIX (Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 499 (2003)) detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, BNL is designed to perform a broad study of A–A, p–A and p–p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. The charged particle identification is currently provided for kaons and pions to a momentum of 2.4 GeV/c and protons to 5 GeV/c. These limits would be greatly extended by the now under construction Aerogel Threshold Cherenkov detector (refractive index n=1.012). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTON detectors
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - Aerogel
KW  - Cherenkov
KW  - Identification
KW  - Nuclear physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12106277; Kistenev, E. 1; Email Address: kistenev@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p593; Subject Term: PHOTON detectors; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerogel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cherenkov; Author-Supplied Keyword: Identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.094
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106277&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anastassov, A.
AU  - Baroiant, S.
AU  - Chertok, M.
AU  - Conway, J.
AU  - Goncharov, M.
AU  - Jang, D.
AU  - Kamon, T.
AU  - Khotilovich, V.
AU  - Lander, R.
AU  - Lath, A.
AU  - Murat, P.
AU  - Ogawa, T.
AU  - Pagliarone, C.
AU  - Piacentino, G.M.
AU  - Ratnikov, F.
AU  - Safonov, A.
AU  - Savoy-Navarro, A.
AU  - Smith, J.R.
AU  - Toback, D.
AU  - Tourneur, S.
T1  - Selection of tau leptons with the CDF Run 2 trigger system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 609
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We have implemented triggers for hadronically decaying tau leptons within a framework of the CDF Run 2 trigger system. We describe the triggers, along with their physics motivations, and report on their initial performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CDF
KW  - Particle ID
KW  - Tau
KW  - Trigger
N1  - Accession Number: 12106281; Anastassov, A. 1 Baroiant, S. 2 Chertok, M. 2 Conway, J. 1 Goncharov, M. 3 Jang, D. 1 Kamon, T. 3 Khotilovich, V. 3 Lander, R. 2 Lath, A. 1 Murat, P. 4 Ogawa, T. 5 Pagliarone, C. 6 Piacentino, G.M. 6 Ratnikov, F. 1 Safonov, A. 2 Savoy-Navarro, A. 4,7 Smith, J.R. 2 Toback, D. 3 Tourneur, S. 4,7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA  4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  5: Department of Physics, Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan  6: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, University of Pisa, Pisa I56100, Italy  7: LPNHE Universites de Paris 6 et 7/IN2P3-CNRS, Paris 75252, Cedex 05, France; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p609; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle ID; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tau; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trigger; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.098
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12106281&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Yanwen
AU  - Weber, William J.
AU  - Whitlow, Harry J.
T1  - Electronic stopping powers for heavy ions in silicon
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 215
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The stopping powers in silicon of heavy ions, with atomic numbers ranging from 4 to 29, have been determined using a time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis (TOF ERDA) set-up. In transmission geometry, the energy loss of heavy elastic recoils in the self-supporting silicon foil of known thickness is measured over a continuous range of recoil energies using time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometry. By essentially calibrating the Si detector for each channel over the measured energy region using the TOF spectrometer, an uncertainty of less than 4% is achieved. The stopping powers are parameterized using a sixth order polynomial and compared with the limited experimental data in the literature. In the energy regimes where experimental data exist, the present data exhibit good agreement with most data. Stopping powers predicted by SRIM (the stopping and range of ions in matter) are in reasonable agreement with much of the experimental data, and SRIM-2003 predictions are in somewhat better agreement than SRIM-2000. There are, however, still some discrepancies between SRIM predictions and the experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - IONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - 29.30.Ep
KW  - Elastic recoil detection analysis
KW  - Energy loss
KW  - Si detector
KW  - Stopping power
KW  - Time of flight
N1  - Accession Number: 11967328; Zhang, Yanwen 1; Email Address: yanwen.zhang@pnl.gov Weber, William J. 1 Whitlow, Harry J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Division of Nuclear Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 118, Se-221 00 Lund, Sweden; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 215 Issue 1/2, p48; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.30.Ep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic recoil detection analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stopping power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time of flight; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.09.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11967328&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
AU  - Donnelly, S.E.
AU  - Schlutig, S.
T1  - Nanoparticle ejection from gold during ion irradiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 215
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We have used in situ transmission electron microscopy to study the sputtering of gold by inert-gas ions and, in particular, nanoparticles ejected by individual ion impacts. Irradiations were performed at room temperature in transmission geometry with Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe ions at energies between 100 and 600 keV. Nanoparticles result from situations in which ion impacts also give rise to nanometer size craters on the surface. The number of nanoparticles increased linearly with increasing ion dose. The rate of nanoparticle ejection scales with the probability, calculated with standard Monte Carlo techniques, for high-energy deposition events by individual ions in the near-surface region regardless of the irradiation. The percentage of near-surface, high-energy recoils that eject a nanoparticle is high. The rate of nanoparticle ejection depends on energy transfer to the Au lattice and not on the ion that makes the impact or its energy. Ejected nanoparticles account for the nonlinear component of sputtering. Monte Carlo calculations offer a general technique for predicting situations in which nanoparticles can be ejected and thus when the nonlinear contribution to the sputtering yield is likely to be significant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - GOLD
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - Craters
KW  - Gold
KW  - Ion irradiation
KW  - Nanoparticle
KW  - Sputtering
N1  - Accession Number: 11967330; Birtcher, R.C. 1; Email Address: birtcher@anl.gov Donnelly, S.E. 2 Schlutig, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 212, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Joule Physics Laboratory, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK  3: CIRIL Laboratoire CEA/CNRS, University of Caen, 14070 Caen cedex 5, France; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 215 Issue 1/2, p69; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Craters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01789-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11967330&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertz, K.L.
AU  - Causey, R.A.
AU  - Cowgill, D.F.
T1  - The effect of coatings on retention and permeation in SS 316L APT tritium production tubes
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 215
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The accelerator production of tritium (APT) design calls for thousands of thin-walled tubes to be filled with 3He gas. The reaction of the spallation neutrons with this gas will result in the bombardment of the interior of these tubes with energetic tritons and protons. For APT to be able to meet its tritium production goals, it is necessary that the holdup of the tritium in the tube walls be minimized. To examine the tritium retention characteristics of stainless steel, one of the tube reference materials, accelerator implantation experiments were performed. In these experiments, deuterium was used in place of tritium to eliminate the problem of tritium contamination. Deuterons with energies up to 200 keV and protons with energies up to 600 keV were implanted into stainless steel (SS 316L) samples to fluences as high as 5 × 1022 D/m2 and 5 × 1022 p/m2. Thermal desorption spectroscopy showed that approximately 3% of the deuterium was retained within the sample. Approximately 0.5% of the deuterium permeated through to the back surface of the sample where a zirconium getter trapped the deuterium. The deuterium trapped in the zirconium layer was measured by nuclear reaction analysis. Eight-micron thick copper and nickel coatings were applied to the implantation side of the stainless steel substrate in an attempt to reduce the retention and permeation of the deuterium. The copper-coated stainless steel was not successful in reducing the retention and permeation, however the nickel coated stainless steel reduced both the retention and permeation substantially. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION accelerators
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Deuterium
KW  - Permeation
KW  - Retention
KW  - SS 316L
N1  - Accession Number: 11967339; Hertz, K.L.; Email Address: klhertz@sandia.gov Causey, R.A. 1 Cowgill, D.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9402, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 215 Issue 1/2, p143; Subject Term: ION accelerators; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Retention; Author-Supplied Keyword: SS 316L; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01712-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11967339&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, R.L.
AU  - Brassell, S.C.
AU  - Scarpitta, S.C.
AU  - Zheng, M.P.
AU  - Zhang, S.C.
AU  - Hayde, P.R.
AU  - Muench, L.M.
T1  - Steroids in sediments from Zabuye Salt Lake, western Tibet: diagenetic, ecological or climatic signals?
JO  - Organic Geochemistry
JF  - Organic Geochemistry
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 01466380
AB  - A 45 cm long core from Zabuye Salt Lake (Tibetan Plateau, S.W China) was studied to reveal the possible interference between diagenesis and climate signals. Steroids, including sterols and sterenes, dominate the soluble organic matter in these cores. The relative abundance of C27 sterol to the C29 sterols decreases with depth, resulting in a predominance of C29 sterols at the bottom section of this core. This change in the relative molecular distribution could be attributed to both environmental/ecological change and diagenetic complication of molecular signals. Sterols in the shallow sediments are relatively enriched in 13C compared to those from lower within the core. This enrichment is possibly associated either with environmental/climatic change (e.g., increase of salinity and global pCO2 level change etc.) or it could be attributed to the biogeochemical change of organic matter during early diagenesis. 4,4-dimethyl spirosterenes and their possible precursors, 4,4-dimethyl sterenes, constitute a major component of the apolar fraction of organic matter. δ13C values of the 4,4-dimethyl sterenes indicate that they are derived from phytoplanktonic algae rather than from bacteria. The δ13C values of the regular and spiro steroids differ by >2‰ suggesting either backbone arrangement of steroids might have involved isotopic fractionation or that these steroids are derived separately from different biological sources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Organic Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Steroids
KW  - Diagenesis
KW  - China
N1  - Accession Number: 11882082; Wang, R.L. 1; Email Address: rlwang@bnl.gov; Brassell, S.C. 2; Scarpitta, S.C. 1; Zheng, M.P. 3; Zhang, S.C. 4; Hayde, P.R. 1; Muench, L.M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 555, Upton, NY 11973, USA; 2: Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; 3: R&D Center of Saline Lake and Epithermal Deposits, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, PR China; 4: Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, China National Petroleum Co., Beijing 100083, PR China; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p157; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Steroids; Subject Term: Diagenesis; Subject: China; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2003.10.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McNeil, L.E.
AU  - Grimsditch, M.H.
AU  - Birtcher, R.C.
AU  - Abrosimov, N.
T1  - Elastic instability in Ge 1- x Si x alloys under heavy-ion irradiation.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 104
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - We report Brillouin scattering measurements of heavy-ion-irradiated Ge 1- x Si x alloys, from which we infer the existence of an instability in the elastic properties, in which the bulk modulus in the amorphized state decreases drastically under continued irradiation. This instability results in the formation of a low-density void-containing 'spongy' state upon further irradiation. Variations in the elastic wave velocity with alloy concentration in the spongy state can be explained by the balance between the enhancement of dynamic annealing caused by the presence of Si and the preferential formation of dangling bonds on Ge sites compared with Si sites. This preference for Ge rather than Si dangling bonds may also lead to a migration of the Si atoms away from surfaces, which results in an increase in the sound velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 12253051; McNeil, L.E. 1; Email Address: mcneil@physics.unc.edu Grimsditch, M.H. 2 Birtcher, R.C. 2 Abrosimov, N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory  3: Institute of Crystal Growth, Max-Born-Strasse 2, Germany; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 84 Issue 2, p93; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Subject Term: ATOMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/0950830310001639020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12253051&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schelling, P.K.
AU  - Phillpot, S.R.
AU  - Grimes, R.W.
T1  - Optimum pyrochlore compositions for low thermal conductivity.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 137
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - The thermal conductivities of 40 pyrochlores with the composition A 2 B 2 O 7 (A = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Y, Er or Lu; B = Ti, Mo, Sn, Zr or Pb) are predicted by molecular dynamics simulations. The trends in the behaviour can be fully understood in terms of the differences in the density and the speed of sound in the materials. Increased structural disorder, arising from O diffusion in most of the Pb-containing systems, leads to a further reduction in the thermal conductivity. We suggest strategies for lowering the thermal conductivity even further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 12253058; Schelling, P.K. 1,2; Email Address: pschell@mail.ucf.edu Phillpot, S.R. 1 Grimes, R.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  2: Institute for Nanotechnology, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany  3: Department of Materials, Imperial College, UK; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 84 Issue 2, p127; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/0950830310001646699
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Venkataraman, K.
AU  - Kropf, A.J.
AU  - Segre, C.U.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Kang, B.W.
AU  - Chattopadhyay, S.
AU  - You, H.
AU  - Maroni, V.A.
T1  - Detection of interfacial strain and phase separation in MBa2Cu3O7−x thin films using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction space mapping
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 402
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Phase stoichiometry, texture, and the presence of microdomains in high quality MBa2Cu3O7−x (M-123, M=Y or a rare earth metal) thin film specimens were investigated using Raman microspectroscopy methods. Complementary diffraction space mapping (DSM) measurements on the same specimens (using 17 keV X-rays from a synchrotron radiation source in symmetric and asymmetric reflection geometries) provided information on their state of epitaxy, interplanar tilt, strain, crystallite twinning, and orthorhombicity. The effects of substrate crystallography and the presence of a buffer layer on the epitaxial quality of the overlying M-123 film were also studied using DSM. A correlation between the interfacial strain present in each thin film specimen and the degree of twinning detected in the M-123 film microstructure was observed. The observed strain relief (complementing crystallite twinning) is consistent with a mechanism based on microdomain formation due to the oxygen atom reordering accompanying the transition of the tetragonal phase of MBa2Cu3O7−x to the orthorhombic phase during the M-123 film deposition/oxygenation process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - PHASE space (Statistical physics)
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - MBa2Cu3O7−x
KW  - Phase separation
KW  - Raman
KW  - Strain
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 11884522; Venkataraman, K. 1 Kropf, A.J. 1 Segre, C.U. 2 Jia, Q.X. 3 Goyal, A. 4 Kang, B.W. 4 Chattopadhyay, S. 2 You, H. 1 Maroni, V.A. 1; Email Address: maroni@cmt.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4837, USA  2: Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 402 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: PHASE space (Statistical physics); Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: MBa2Cu3O7−x; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.10.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11884522&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klehe, A.-K.
AU  - Tomita, T.
AU  - Schilling, J.S.
AU  - Kini, A.M.
AU  - Schlueter, J.A.
T1  - Comparative pressure studies of the superconducting transition temperature in isotopically substituted samples of κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(SCN)2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 402
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We determined the pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature, <f>Tc</f>, of the organic superconductor κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(SCN)2 for three different isotopic compositions using helium as a pressure medium. These measurements demonstrated that, given identical measurement conditions, the pressure dependence of <f>Tc</f> is independent of the isotopic composition of the material. Assuming that these isotopically different materials have an identical unit cell compressibility, it is found that for all three materials <f>Tc</f> scales linearly with the quasi-two-dimensional unit cell area, and is thus inversely proportional to the quasi-two-dimensional carrier density in κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(SCN)2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - Organic molecular metal
KW  - Organic superconductor
KW  - Pressure
KW  - Superconducting transition temperature
KW  - Susceptibility
N1  - Accession Number: 11884523; Klehe, A.-K. 1; Email Address: a.klehe1@physics.ox.ac.uk Tomita, T. 2 Schilling, J.S. 2 Kini, A.M. 3 Schlueter, J.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK  2: Department of Physics, Washington University, C.B. 1105, One Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO 63130, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 402 Issue 1/2, p17; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic molecular metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting transition temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Susceptibility; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.10.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11884523&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lorenz, B.
AU  - Cmaidalka, J.
AU  - Meng, R.L.
AU  - Chu, C.W.
T1  - Thermodynamic properties in the normal and superconducting states of NaxCoO2 · <f>y</f>H2O powder measured by heat capacity experiments
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 402
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 106
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The heat capacity of superconducting NaxCoO2 · <f>y</f>H2O was measured and the data are discussed based on two different models: The BCS theory and a model including the effects of line nodes in the superconducting gap function. The electronic heat capacity is separated from the lattice contribution in a thermodynamically consistent way maintaining the entropy balance of superconducting and normal states at the critical temperature. It is shown that for a fully gapped superconductor the data can only be explained by a reduced (&ap;50%) superconducting volume fraction. The data are compatible with 100% superconductivity in the case where line nodes are present in the superconducting gap function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SODIUM compounds
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 11884536; Lorenz, B. 1; Email Address: blorenz@uh.edu Cmaidalka, J. 1 Meng, R.L. 1 Chu, C.W. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and TCSAM, University of Houston, 3201 Cullen Blvd., Houston, TX 77204-5002, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94702, USA  3: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 402 Issue 1/2, p106; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SODIUM compounds; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.09.066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11884536&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawley, J.T.
AU  - Clem, P.G.
AU  - Boyle, T.J.
AU  - Ottley, L.M.
AU  - Overmyer, D.L.
AU  - Siegal, M.P.
T1  - Rapid processing method for solution deposited YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> thin films
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 402
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 09214534
AB  - YBa2Cu3O<f>7−δ</f> (YBCO) films, deposited on buffered metal substrates, are the primary candidate for second-generation superconducting (SC) wires, with applications including expanded power grid transmission capability, compact motors, and enhanced sensitivity magnetic resonance imaging. Feasibility of manufacturing such superconducting wires is dependent on high processing speed, often a limitation of vapor and solution-based YBCO deposition processes. In this work, YBCO films were fabricated via a new diethanolamine-modified trifluoroacetic film solution deposition method. Modifying the copper chemistry of the YBCO precursor solution with diethanolamine enables a hundredfold decrease in the organic pyrolysis time required for MA/cm2 current density (<f>Jc</f>) YBCO films, from multiple hours to ∼20 s in atmospheric pressure air. High quality, ∼0.2 μm thick YBCO films with <f>Jc</f> (77 K) values &ges;2 MA/cm2 at 77 K are routinely crystallized from these rapidly pyrolyzed films deposited on LaAlO3. This process has also enabled <f>Jc</f> (77 K)=1.1 MA/cm2 YBCO films via 90 m/h dip-coating on Oak Ridge National Laboratory RABiTS™ textured metal tape substrates. This new YBCO solution deposition method suggests a route toward inexpensive and commercializable ∼$10/kA m solution deposited YBCO coated conductor wires. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING composites
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ETHANOLAMINES
N1  - Accession Number: 11884541; Dawley, J.T.; Email Address: jtdawle@sandia.gov Clem, P.G. 1 Boyle, T.J. 1 Ottley, L.M. 1 Overmyer, D.L. 1 Siegal, M.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Microsystem Materials, Tribology and Technologies, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 402 Issue 1/2, p143; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING composites; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ETHANOLAMINES; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.09.072
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11884541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lindl, John D.
AU  - Amendt, Peter
AU  - Berger, Richard L.
AU  - Glendinning, S. Gail
AU  - Glenzer, Siegfried H.
AU  - Haan, Steven W.
AU  - Kauffman, Robert L.
AU  - Landen, Otto L.
AU  - Suter, Laurence J.
T1  - The physics basis for ignition using indirect-drive targets on the National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 491
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The 1990 National Academy of Science final report of its review of the Inertial Confinement Fusion Program recommended completion of a series of target physics objectives on the 10-beam Nova laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory as the highest-priority prerequisite for proceeding with construction of an ignition-scale laser facility, now called the National Ignition Facility (NIF). These objectives were chosen to demonstrate that there was sufficient understanding of the physics of ignition targets that the laser requirements for laboratory ignition could be accurately specified. This research on Nova, as well as additional research on the Omega laser at the University of Rochester, is the subject of this review. The objectives of the U.S. indirect-drive target physics program have been to experimentally demonstrate and predictively model hohlraum characteristics, as well as capsule performance in targets that have been scaled in key physics variables from NIF targets. To address the hohlraum and hydrodynamic constraints on indirect-drive ignition, the target physics program was divided into the Hohlraum and Laser–Plasma Physics (HLP) program and the Hydrodynamically Equivalent Physics (HEP) program. The HLP program addresses laser–plasma coupling, x-ray generation and transport, and the development of energy-efficient hohlraums that provide the appropriate spectral, temporal, and spatial x-ray drive. The HEP experiments address the issues of hydrodynamic instability and mix, as well as the effects of flux asymmetry on capsules that are scaled as closely as possible to ignition capsules (hydrodynamic equivalence). The HEP program also addresses other capsule physics issues associated with ignition, such as energy gain and energy loss to the fuel during implosion in the absence of alpha-particle deposition. The results from the Nova and Omega experiments approach the NIF requirements for most of the important ignition capsule parameters, including drive temperature, drive symmetry, and hydrodynamic instability. This paper starts with a review of the NIF target designs that have formed the motivation for the goals of the target physics program. Following that are theoretical and experimental results from Nova and Omega relevant to the requirements of those targets. Some elements of this work were covered in a 1995 review of indirect-drive [J. D. Lindl, “Development of the indirect-drive approach to inertial confinement fusion and the target physics basis for ignition and gain,” Phys. Plasmas 2, 3933 (1995)]. In order to present as complete a picture as possible of the research that has been carried out on indirect drive, key elements of that earlier review are also covered here, along with a review of work carried out since 1995. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - X-rays
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 11999306; Lindl, John D. 1 Amendt, Peter 1 Berger, Richard L. 1 Glendinning, S. Gail 1 Glenzer, Siegfried H. 1 Haan, Steven W. 1 Kauffman, Robert L. 1 Landen, Otto L. 1 Suter, Laurence J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-637, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p339; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 153p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1578638
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999306&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirshman, Steven P.
AU  - Lazarus, Edward A.
AU  - Hanson, James D.
AU  - Knowlton, Stephen F.
AU  - Lao, Lang L.
T1  - Magnetic diagnostic responses for compact stellarators.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 595
EP  - 603
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The formulation of magnetic diagnostic response functions for a three-dimensional stellarator plasma is described. Reciprocity relations are used to compute unique response functions for each type of magnetic diagnostic. Green’s function response tables (databases) are generated from which both external coil and internal plasma current contributions to diagnostic signals can be rapidly computed. Applications to compact stellarators are described. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - GREEN'S functions
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - SIGNALS & signaling
KW  - COMPUTER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 11999293; Hirshman, Steven P. 1; Email Address: hirshmansp@ornl.gov Lazarus, Edward A. 1 Hanson, James D. 2 Knowlton, Stephen F. 2 Lao, Lang L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.  2: Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849.  3: General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p595; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: SIGNALS & signaling; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637347
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999293&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guazzotto, L.
AU  - Betti, R.
AU  - Manickam, J.
AU  - Kaye, S.
T1  - Numerical study of tokamak equilibria with arbitrary flow.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 604
EP  - 614
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The effects of toroidal and poloidal flows on the equilibrium of tokamak plasmas are numerically investigated using the code FLOW. The code is used to determine the changes in the profiles induced by large toroidal flows on NSTX-like equilibria [with NSTX being the National Spherical Torus Experiment, M. Ono, S.M. Kaye, Y.-K.M. Peng et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] where flows exceeding the sound speed lead to a considerable outward shift of the plasma. The code is also used to study the effects of poloidal flow when the flow velocity profile varies from subsonic to supersonic with respect to the poloidal sound speed. It is found that pressure and density profiles develop a pedestal structure characterized by radial discontinuities at the transonic surface where the poloidal velocity abruptly jumps from subsonic to supersonic values. These results confirm the conclusions of the analytic theory of R. Betti and J. P. Freidberg [Phys. Plasmas 7, 2439 (2000)], derived for a low-β, large aspect ratio tokamak with a circular cross section. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SOUND
KW  - SPEED
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 11999292; Guazzotto, L. 1 Betti, R. 1 Manickam, J. 2 Kaye, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Rochester and Laboratory Jeff Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p604; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637918
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999292&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Menard, J. E.
AU  - Bell, M. G.
AU  - Bell, R. E.
AU  - Gates, D. A.
AU  - Kaye, S. M.
AU  - LeBlanc, B. P.
AU  - Maingi, R.
AU  - Sabbagh, S. A.
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V.
AU  - Stutman, D.
T1  - Aspect ratio scaling of ideal no-wall stability limits in high bootstrap fraction tokamak plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 639
EP  - 646
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Recent experiments in the low aspect ratio National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] have achieved normalized beta values twice the conventional tokamak limit at low internal inductance and with significant bootstrap current. These experimental results have motivated a computational re-examination of the plasma aspect ratio dependence of ideal no-wall magnetohydrodynamic stability limits. These calculations find that the profileoptimized no-wall stability limit in high bootstrap fraction regimes is well described by a nearly aspect ratio invariant normalized beta parameter utilizing the total magnetic field energy density inside the plasma. However, the scaling of normalized beta with internal inductance is found to be strongly aspect ratio dependent at sufficiently low aspect ratio. These calculations and detailed stability analyses of experimental equilibria indicate that the nonrotating plasma no-wall stability limit has been exceeded by as much as 30% in NSTX in a high bootstrap fraction regime. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC inductance
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 11999288; Menard, J. E. 1 Bell, M. G. 1 Bell, R. E. 1 Gates, D. A. 1 Kaye, S. M. 1 LeBlanc, B. P. 1 Maingi, R. 2 Sabbagh, S. A. 3 Soukhanovskii, V. 1 Stutman, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey.  2: Oak Ridge National laboratory, oak Ridge, Tennessee.  3: Columbia University, New York, New York.  4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p639; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductance; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640623
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999288&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hudson, S. R.
T1  - Destruction of invariant surfaces and magnetic coordinates for perturbed magnetic fields.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 685
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Straight-field-line coordinates are constructed for nearly integrable magnetic fields. The coordinates are based on the robust, noble-irrational rotational-transform surfaces, whose existence is determined by an application of Greene’s residue criterion. A simple method to locate these surfaces is described. Sequences of surfaces with rotational-transform converging to low order rationals maximize the region of straight-field-line coordinates. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - COORDINATES
KW  - GREEN'S functions
N1  - Accession Number: 11999284; Hudson, S. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory,  P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p677; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: COORDINATES; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640379
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welch, D. R.
AU  - Rose, D. V.
AU  - Oliver, B. V.
AU  - Schamiloglu, E.
AU  - Hahn, K.
AU  - Maenchen, J. E.
T1  - Transport of a relativistic electron beam in gas and plasma-filled focusing cells for x-ray radiography.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 751
EP  - 760
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Gas cells have been used in radiographic sources to assist in the focusing of intense electron beams, produced using pulsed-power accelerators, onto a high atomic number target to generate bremsstrahlung radiation. The quality of the resulting source increases linearly with the dose and inversely with the square of the spot size. The electron beams of order 30 kA current and up to 10 MeV energy drive a rapid breakdown of the gas increasing the gas conductivity through direct ionization by the beam and electron avalanche. Nonideal effects associated with the breakdown result in an axial sweep of the beam focus position that smears the radiographic spot. Higher plasma conductivity in the cell could lead to an improved radiation source. Hybrid particle-in-cell simulations show improvement of the beam spot via pre-ionization of the gas cell prior to arrival of the electron beam pulse. In this paper, the propagation of a 30 kA, 3.5 MeV electron beam, focused into gas and plasma-filled cells is modeled. The simulations compare the effectiveness of beam focusing using neutral gas, partially ionized gas, and fully ionized (plasma-filled) cells. The results show that an initial plasma density approaching 10[sup 16] cm[sup -3] is sufficient to prevent significant net currents and the subsequent beam sweep that is observed in an optimized gas cell. The net current is calculated to increase as the plasma density falls to that of the beam due mainly to plasma current resistive decay and electron inertial effects at the target. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - BREMSSTRAHLUNG
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11999275; Welch, D. R. 1; Email Address: drwelch@mrcabq.com Rose, D. V. 1 Oliver, B. V. 1 Schamiloglu, E. 2 Hahn, K. 2 Maenchen, J. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mission Research Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110-3946.  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0001.  3: Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1193.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p751; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: BREMSSTRAHLUNG; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1633762
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rewoldt, G.
AU  - Kinsey, J. E.
T1  - Comparison of linear microinstability calculations of varying input realism.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 844
EP  - 845
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The effect of varying “input realism” or varying completeness of the input data for linear microinstability calculations, in particular on the critical value of the ion temperature gradient for the ion temperature gradient mode, is investigated using gyrokinetic and gyrofluid approaches. The calculations show that varying input realism can have a substantial quantitative effect on the results. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DATA analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11999268; Rewoldt, G. 1; Email Address: grewoldt@pppl.gov Kinsey, J. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451.  2: General Atomics, P. O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p844; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637346
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11999268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Fisch, Nathaniel J.
AU  - Fowler, T. Kenneth
AU  - Frieman, Edward A.
AU  - Goldston, Robert J.
T1  - Harold Paul Furth.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 76
EP  - 77
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for Harold Paul Furth, professor emeritus of astrophysical sciences at Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey.
KW  - FURTH, Harold
N1  - Accession Number: 12119678; Fisch, Nathaniel J. 1 Fowler, T. Kenneth 2 Frieman, Edward A. 3 Goldston, Robert J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey  2: University of California, Berkeley  3: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, California  4: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 57 Issue 2, p76; People: FURTH, Harold; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Chart; Document Type: Obituary; Full Text Word Count: 1041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rao, Christopher V.
AU  - Kirby, John R.
AU  - Arkin, Adam P.
T1  - Design and Diversity in Bacterial Chemotaxis: A Comparative Study in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.
JO  - PLoS Biology
JF  - PLoS Biology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 0239
EP  - 0252
PB  - Public Library of Science
SN  - 15449173
AB  - Comparable processes in different species often involve homologous genes.One question is whether the network  structure,in particular the feedback control structure,is also conserved.The bacterial chemotaxis pathways in E.coli  and B.subtilis both regulate the same task,namely,excitation and adaptation to environmental signals.Both pathways  employ many orthologous genes.Yet how these orthologs contribute to network function in each organism is  different.To investigate this problem,we propose what is to our knowledge the first computational model for B.  subtilis chemotaxis and compare it to previously published models for chemotaxis in E.coli .The models reveal that the  core control strategy for signal processing is the same in both organisms,though in B.subtilis there are two additional  feedback loops that provide an additional layer of regulation and robustness.Furthermore,the network structures are  different despite the similarity of the proteins in each organism.These results demonstrate the limitations of pathway  inferences based solely on homology and suggest that the control strategy is an evolutionarily conserved property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of PLoS Biology is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMOTAXIS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - BACILLUS subtilis
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 12289634; Rao, Christopher V. 1 Kirby, John R. 2 Arkin, Adam P. 1,3; Email Address: aparkin@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America  2: School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America  3: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 2 Issue 2, p0239; Subject Term: CHEMOTAXIS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: BACILLUS subtilis; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020049
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, D.E.
T1  - An explicit polymer and node network model to compute micromechanical properties of silica-filled polydimethylsiloxane
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1055
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Two important aspects of filled polymer systems that can influence elasticity are the random position of filler particles and the nonuniformity of polymer chain lengths that form the chain/particle network. Historically, most network elasticity models have been based on idealized assumptions of uniform chain length constrained to highly symmetric orientations. We present a novel, three-dimensional explicit polymer and node network model (EPnet) that includes both randomly distributed filler particles (nodes) and polymer lengths taken from a Gaussian distribution. The molecular level polymer forces that produce elasticity are assumed to operate between pairs of connected network nodes. The numerical model is amenable to any molecular force that depends on the distance between two nodes, however, for this paper, we assume that the polymer chain segments that connect the filler particles obey a simple two-force model, i.e. a constant force required to stretch a single polymer chain and a force arising from the binding energy between a polymer chain and a filler particle surface. Free ends, i.e. polymer segments connected to only one particle, do not contribute to the elasticity. With these assumptions, the model contains intrinsic mechanisms that appear to predict the phenomena of yield stress, tensile failure, permanent set and stress hysteresis. The model is applied to a mesoscale volume element (∼1 μm3) of silica-filled polydimethylsiloxane to study the micromechanical stress in response to various strains, e.g. tensile, compressive, shear and swell. Model predictions are in quantitative agreement with tensile stress/strain experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - Node network
KW  - Polydimethylsiloxane
KW  - Polymer physics
N1  - Accession Number: 11883004; Hanson, D.E. 1; Email Address: deh@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p1055; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Node network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polydimethylsiloxane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer physics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2003.11.028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11883004&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mehndiratta, Promod
AU  - Walton, Wendy J.
AU  - Hare, Joan T.
AU  - Pulido, Silvia
AU  - Parthasarathy, Gopalakrishnan
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Logan, Timothy M.
T1  - Expression, purification, and characterization of avian Thy-1 from Lec1 mammalian and Tn5 insect cells
JO  - Protein Expression & Purification
JF  - Protein Expression & Purification
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
SN  - 10465928
AB  - Structural studies of asparagine-linked glycoproteins are complicated by the oligosaccharide heterogeneity inherent to individual glycosylation sites. Herein, we report the cloning of a novel isoform of avian Thy-1 and the subsequent expression, purification, and characterization of a soluble form of Thy-1 from Lec1 mammalian and Tn5 insect cells. The novel isoform of Thy-1 differs from the previously reported chicken isoform by eight amino acid residues, but these changes do not alter the secondary structure content, the disulfide bond pattern, or the sites of glycosylation. The disulfide linkage pattern and glycoform distribution on each N-glycosylation site of recombinant chicken Thy-1 from both cell lines were determined by a combination of amino-terminal sequencing and mass spectrometry. The mass spectral data showed that the amino-terminal glutamine was modified to pyroglutamate. Recombinant Thy-1 from Lec1 cells contained (GlcNAc)2(Man)5 on asparagine 60, whereas the oligosaccharides on asparagine 23 and 100 contained ∼80% (GlcNAc)2(Man)4 and ∼20% (GlcNAc)2(Man)5. The glycoforms on Thy-1 expressed in Tn5 cells were more heterogeneous, with the oligosaccharides ranging over (GlcNAc)2(Fuc)0–2(Man)2–3 on each site. The ability to generate recombinant glycoproteins with restricted carbohydrate heterogeneity is the first step toward the systematic study of structure–function relationships in intact glycoproteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Protein Expression & Purification is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - OLIGOSACCHARIDES
KW  - GLYCOSYLATION
KW  - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance
KW  - FT-ICR
KW  - Glycoform homogeneity
KW  - MALDI
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Recombinant glycoprotein
KW  - Thy-1
N1  - Accession Number: 11824958; Mehndiratta, Promod 1 Walton, Wendy J. 1 Hare, Joan T. 1 Pulido, Silvia 2 Parthasarathy, Gopalakrishnan 1 Emmett, Mark R. 2,3 Marshall, Alan G. 1,2,3 Logan, Timothy M. 1,2,3; Email Address: logan@sb.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Graduate Program in Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 33 Issue 2, p274; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: OLIGOSACCHARIDES; Subject Term: GLYCOSYLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-ICR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycoform homogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: MALDI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombinant glycoprotein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thy-1; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pep.2003.10.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pasyanos, Michael E.
AU  - Walter, William R.
AU  - Flanagan, Megan P.
AU  - Goldstein, Peter
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Joydeep
T1  - Building and Testing an a priori Geophysical Model for Western Eurasia and North Africa.
JO  - Pure & Applied Geophysics
JF  - Pure & Applied Geophysics
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 161
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 281
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00334553
AB  - We construct and evaluate a new three-dimensional model of crust and upper mantle structure in Western Eurasia and North Africa (WENA) extending to 700 km depth and having 1° parameterization. The model is compiled in an a priori fashion entirely from existing geophysical literature, specifically, combining two regionalized crustal models with a high-resolution global sediment model and a global upper mantle model. The resulting WENA1.0 model consists of 24 layers: water, three sediment layers, upper, middle, and lower crust, uppermost mantle, and 16 additional upper mantle layers. Each of the layers is specified by its depth, compressional and shear velocity, density, and attenuation (quality factors, QP and QS). The model is tested by comparing the model predictions with geophysical observations including: crustal thickness, surface wave group and phase velocities, upper mantle n velocities, receiver functions, P-wave travel times, waveform characteristics, regional 1-D velocities, and Bouguer gravity. We find generally good agreement between WENA1.0 model predictions and empirical observations for a wide variety of independent data sets. We believe this model is representative of our current knowledge of crust and upper mantle structure in the WENA region and can successfully be used to model the propagation characteristics of regional seismic waveform data. The WENA1.0 model will continue to evolve as new data are incorporated into future validations and any new deficiencies in the model are identified. Eventually this a priori model will serve as the initial starting model for a multiple data set tomographic inversion for structure of the Eurasian continent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Pure & Applied Geophysics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - CRUST
KW  - MANTLE
KW  - MIDDLE East
KW  - AFRICA, North
KW  - EURASIA
KW  - 3-D velocity model
KW  - crust
KW  - Eurasia
KW  - Middle East
KW  - North Africa
KW  - upper mantle
N1  - Accession Number: 16859752; Pasyanos, Michael E. 1; Email Address: pasyanos1@llnl.gov Walter, William R. 1 Flanagan, Megan P. 1 Goldstein, Peter 1 Bhattacharyya, Joydeep 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Geophysics and Global Security Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 808, CA 94551, L-205, Livermore  2: Now at Science Applications International Corporation, VA, Arlington, U.S.A; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 161 Issue 2, p235; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: CRUST; Subject Term: MANTLE; Subject Term: MIDDLE East; Subject Term: AFRICA, North; Subject Term: EURASIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-D velocity model; Author-Supplied Keyword: crust; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eurasia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Middle East; Author-Supplied Keyword: North Africa; Author-Supplied Keyword: upper mantle; Number of Pages: 47p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00024-003-2438-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forester, John
AU  - Bley, Dennis
AU  - Cooper, Susan
AU  - Lois, Erasmia
AU  - Siu, Nathan
AU  - Kolaczkowski, Alan
AU  - Wreathall, John
T1  - Expert elicitation approach for performing ATHEANA quantification
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 83
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 220
SN  - 09518320
AB  - An expert elicitation approach has been developed to estimate probabilities for unsafe human actions (UAs) based on error-forcing contexts (EFCs) identified through the ATHEANA (A Technique for Human Event Analysis) search process. The expert elicitation approach integrates the knowledge of informed analysts to quantify UAs and treat uncertainty (‘quantification-including-uncertainty’). The analysis focuses on (a) the probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) sequence EFCs for which the UAs are being assessed, (b) the knowledge and experience of analysts (who should include trainers, operations staff, and PRA/human reliability analysis experts), and (c) facilitated translation of information into probabilities useful for PRA purposes. Rather than simply asking the analysts their opinion about failure probabilities, the approach emphasizes asking the analysts what experience and information they have that is relevant to the probability of failure. The facilitator then leads the group in combining the different kinds of information into a consensus probability distribution. This paper describes the expert elicitation process, presents its technical basis, and discusses the controls that are exercised to use it appropriately. The paper also points out the strengths and weaknesses of the approach and how it can be improved. Specifically, it describes how generalized contextually anchored probabilities (GCAPs) can be developed to serve as reference points for estimates of the likelihood of UAs and their distributions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - HUMAN error
KW  - HUMAN behavior
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - ERRORS
KW  - ATHEANA
KW  - Expert elicitation
KW  - HRA
KW  - Human performance
KW  - Human reliability analysis
KW  - PRA
KW  - Probabilistic risk assessment
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 22237991; Forester, John 1; Email Address: jafores@sandia.gov Bley, Dennis 2 Cooper, Susan 3 Lois, Erasmia 3 Siu, Nathan 3 Kolaczkowski, Alan 4 Wreathall, John 5; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS0748, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0748, USA  2: Buttonwood Consulting, Inc., Oakton, VA, USA  3: US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, USA  4: Science Applications International Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA  5: John Wreathall and Co., Dublin, OH, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 83 Issue 2, p207; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: HUMAN error; Subject Term: HUMAN behavior; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: ERRORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATHEANA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expert elicitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: HRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human reliability analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: PRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2003.09.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22237991&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bader, A.
AU  - Skinner, C. H.
AU  - Roquemore, A. L.
AU  - Langish, S.
T1  - Development of an electrostatic dust detector for use in a tokamak reactor.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 75
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 370
EP  - 375
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Initial results from a novel device to detect dust particles settling on remote surfaces are presented. Dust particle inventories are a concern in next-step fusion devices. The increase in duty cycle will lead to a scale-up in the amount of particles generated by plasma material interactions. These particles will be chemically and radiologically hazardous and it will be important to establish that the in-vessel particle inventory is within regulatory limits. The detection device consists of two interlocking combs of closely spaced conductive traces on a Teflon circuit board. When a direct current bias is applied, impinging dust creates a transient short circuit between the traces. The increase in bias current generates a signal pulse that is counted by standard nuclear counting electronics. We present data on the response of the device in air and vacuum to carbon particles. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - CARBON
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - DUST
N1  - Accession Number: 12087878; Bader, A. 1 Skinner, C. H. 2 Roquemore, A. L. 2 Langish, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 75 Issue 2, p370; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: DUST; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637438
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12087878&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Staack, D.
AU  - Raitses, Y.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
T1  - Shielded electrostatic probe for nonperturbing plasma measurements in Hall thrusters.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 75
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
EP  - 399
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Electrostatic probes are widely used to measure spatial plasma parameters of the quasineutral plasma in Hall thrusters and similar E×B electric discharge devices. Significant perturbations of the plasma induced by such probes can mask the actual physics involved in the operation of these devices. In Hall thrusters, probe-induced perturbations can produce changes in the discharge current and plasma parameters on the order of their steady-state values. These perturbations are explored by varying the material, penetration distance, and residence time of various probe designs. A possible cause of these perturbations appears to be the secondary electron emission, induced by energetic plasma electrons, from insulator ceramic tubes in which the probe wire is inserted. A new probe in which a low secondary electron emission material, such as metal, shields the probe ceramic tube, is shown to function without producing such large perturbations. A segmentation of this shield further prevents probe-induced perturbations, by not shortening the plasma through the conductive shield. In a set of experiments with a segmented shield probe, the thruster was operated in the input power range of 500 W–2.5 kW and discharge voltages of 200–500 V, while the probe-induced perturbations of the discharge current were below 4% of its steady-state value in the region in which 90% of the voltage drop takes place. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - CERAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12087874; Staack, D. 1 Raitses, Y. 1 Fisch, N. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 75 Issue 2, p393; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: CERAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1634353
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12087874&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Zhiyu
AU  - Seeley, Tim
AU  - Kossek, Sebastian
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - Calibration of optical cantilever deflection readers.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 75
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 400
EP  - 404
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Because of its ultrahigh sensitivity, the optical lever detection method similar to that used in the atomic force microscope (AFM) has been widely employed as a standard technique for measuring microcantilever deflection. Along with the increasing interest in using the microcantilever as a sensing platform, there is also a requirement for a reliable calibration technique. Many researchers have used the concept of optical lever detection to construct microcantilever deflection readout instruments for chemical, physical, and biological detection. However, without an AFM piezo z scanner, it is very difficult to precisely calibrate these instruments. Here, we present a step-by-step method to conveniently calibrate an instrument using commercially available piezoresistive cantilevers. The experimental results closely match the theoretical calculation. Following this procedure, one can easily calibrate any optical cantilever deflection detection system with high reproducibility, precision, and reliability. A detailed discussion of the optical lever readout system design has been addressed in this article. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - LEVERS
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - REMOTE sensing
N1  - Accession Number: 12087873; Hu, Zhiyu 1 Seeley, Tim 2 Kossek, Sebastian 2 Thundat, Thomas 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Protiveris, Incorporated, Rockville, Maryland; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 75 Issue 2, p400; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: LEVERS; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637457
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12087873&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, G. D.
AU  - Lutz, S. S.
AU  - Turley, W. D.
AU  - Adams, C. D.
AU  - Boat, R. M.
AU  - Hull, L. M.
T1  - Optical response of cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate coatings at shocked surfaces.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 75
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 462
EP  - 466
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Shock experiments were performed to characterize the triboluminescent signature of surface coatings of powdered cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate suspended in a silicate binder. This coating shows prompt, nanosecond timescale light emission when driven by explosive detonation. When properly applied to a surface, it may be used to sense the arrival of a shock, or to image the propagation of a shock front. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - LUTETIUM
KW  - ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - ABSTRACTS
N1  - Accession Number: 12087864; Stevens, G. D. 1 Lutz, S. S. 1 Turley, W. D. 1 Adams, C. D. 2 Boat, R. M. 2 Hull, L. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Bechtel Nevada, Special Technologies Laboratory, Ekwill Street,Suite B, Santa Barbara, California  2: Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 75 Issue 2, p462; Subject Term: SILICATES; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: LUTETIUM; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: ABSTRACTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638870
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12087864&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agnew, S.R.
AU  - Horton, J.A.
AU  - Lillo, T.M.
AU  - Brown, D.W.
T1  - Enhanced ductility in strongly textured magnesium produced by equal channel angular processing
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Equal channel angular processing is shown to induce a strong deformation texture, which persists after recrystallization. The enhancement in the tensile ductility along the extrusion axis originally reported by Mukai et al. [Scripta Mater 45 (2001) 89] is discussed in terms of magnesium’s deformation mechanisms, plastic anisotropy, and the texture itself. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - DUCTILITY
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - ECAE
KW  - ECAP
KW  - Extrusion
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Twinning
N1  - Accession Number: 11320016; Agnew, S.R. 1; Email Address: agnew@virginia.edu Horton, J.A. 2 Lillo, T.M. 3 Brown, D.W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, 116 Engineers Way, Charlottesville, VA 229044745, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p377; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: DUCTILITY; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Author-Supplied Keyword: ECAE; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECAP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extrusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twinning; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.10.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11320016&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iwasaki, Hajime
AU  - Higashi, Kenji
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Tensile deformation and microstructure of a nanocrystalline Ni–W alloy produced by electrodeposition
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Deformation and fracture characteristics of the electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni–W alloy with a grain size of 8.1 nm were investigated. Tensile tests were carried out at room temperature with specimen of 25–30 μm in thickness. The fractured surface was examined using SEM and high-resolution TEM was used to study the microstructure of deformed specimens. Based on these observations we propose a deformation mechanism and fracture process for nanocrystalline Ni–W during tensile deformation are initiated by grain boundary sliding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - Electrodeposition
KW  - Fracture surface
KW  - High resolution TEM
KW  - Mechanical property
KW  - Nanocrystalline material
N1  - Accession Number: 11320019; Iwasaki, Hajime 1 Higashi, Kenji 2 Nieh, T.G. 3; Email Address: nieh1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Himeji Institute of Technology, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2201, Japan  2: Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai 599-8531, Japan  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science, L-350, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p395; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: NICKEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: High resolution TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical property; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline material; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.09.056
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11320019&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, M.L.
AU  - Soong, Y.
AU  - Champagne, K.J.
AU  - Baltrus, John
AU  - Stevens Jr, R.W.
AU  - Toochinda, P.
AU  - Chuang, S.S.C.
T1  - CO2 capture by amine-enriched fly ash carbon sorbents
JO  - Separation & Purification Technology
JF  - Separation & Purification Technology
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 13835866
AB  - The capture of CO2 from gas streams has been achieved by the utilization of amine-enriched fly ash carbon sorbent system. The initial fly ash carbon sorbents were generated by the chemical treatment of carbon-enriched fly ash concentrates with a 3-chloropropylamine-hydrochloride (CPAHCL) solution at 25 °C. It was determined that these amine-enriched fly ash carbon sorbents performed at a 9% CO2 capture capacity based on commercially available sorbents. The chemical sorption performance of these amine-enriched fly ash carbon sorbents will be described within this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Separation & Purification Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SORBENTS
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - AMINES
KW  - Amine sorbent
KW  - Capture
KW  - Carbon dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 11826514; Gray, M.L. 1; Email Address: gray@netl.doe.gov Soong, Y. 1 Champagne, K.J. 1 Baltrus, John 1 Stevens Jr, R.W. 2 Toochinda, P. 2 Chuang, S.S.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  2: Chemical Engineering Department, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3906, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SORBENTS; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: AMINES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amine sorbent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1383-5866(03)00113-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11826514&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Barry
AU  - McCormick, Stephen F.
AU  - Philip, Bobby
AU  - Quinlan, Daniel J.
T1  - ASYNCHRONOUS FAST ADAPTIVE COMPOSITE-GRID METHODS FOR ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 130
EP  - 152
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - Accurate numerical modeling of complex physical, chemical, and biological systems requires numerical simulation capability over a large range of length scales, with the ability to capture rapidly varying phenomena localized in space and/or time. Adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) is a numerical process for dynamically introducing local fine resolution on computational grids during the solution process, in response to unresolved error in a computation. Fast adaptive composite-grid (FAC) methods are a class of algorithms that exploit the multilevel structure of AMR grids to solve elliptic problems efficiently. This paper develops a theoretical foundation for AFACx, an asynchronous FAC method. A new multilevel condition number estimate establishes that the convergence rate of the AFACx algorithm does not degrade as the number of refinement levels in the AMR hierarchy increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPTIC functions
KW  - HYPERSPACE
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - SPACE & time
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - adaptive mesh refinement
KW  - AFAC
KW  - AFACx
KW  - asynchronous
KW  - elliptic solvers
KW  - FAC
KW  - fast adaptive composite-grid
N1  - Accession Number: 14692155; Lee, Barry 1; Email Address: lee123@llnl.gov McCormick, Stephen F. 2; Email Address: dquinlan@llnl.gov Philip, Bobby 3; Email Address: stevem@newton.colorado.edu Quinlan, Daniel J. 1; Email Address: bphilip@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309  3: CCS-3, Modeling, Algorithms, and Informatics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p130; Subject Term: ELLIPTIC functions; Subject Term: HYPERSPACE; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: SPACE & time; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: adaptive mesh refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFAC; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFACx; Author-Supplied Keyword: asynchronous; Author-Supplied Keyword: elliptic solvers; Author-Supplied Keyword: FAC; Author-Supplied Keyword: fast adaptive composite-grid; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 101137/S0036142902400767
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14692155&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolda, Tamara C.
AU  - Torczon, Virginia J.
T1  - ON THE CONVERGENCE OF ASYNCHRONOUS PARALLEL PATTERN SEARCH.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
JF  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 939
EP  - 964
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10526234
AB  - In this paper we prove global convergence for asynchronous parallel pattern search. In standard pattern search, decisions regarding the update of the iterate and the step-length control parameter are synchronized implicitly across all search directions. We lose this feature in asynchronous parallel pattern search since the search along each direction proceeds semiautonomously. By bounding the value of the step-length control parameter after any step that produces decrease along a single search direction, we can prove that all the processes share a common accumulation point and, if the function is continuously differentiable, that such a point is a stationary point of the standard nonlinear unconstrained optimization problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Optimization is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - asynchronous parallel optimization
KW  - global convergence analysis
KW  - pattern search
KW  - unconstrained optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 15154405; Kolda, Tamara C. 1; Email Address: tgkolda@sandia.gov Torczon, Virginia J. 2; Email Address: va@cs.wm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Computational Sciences and Mathematics Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551--9217  2: Department of Computer Science, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187--8795; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p939; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: asynchronous parallel optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: global convergence analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern search; Author-Supplied Keyword: unconstrained optimization; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1052623401398107
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15154405&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - B. X. Hu
AU  - J. Wu
AU  - D. Zhang
T1  - A numerical method of moments for solute transport in physically and chemically nonstationary formations: linear equilibrium sorption with random K d.
JO  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
JF  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 30
SN  - 14363240
AB  - A Lagrangian perturbation method is applied to develop a method of moments for solute flux through a three-dimensional nonstationary flow field. The flow nonstationarity stems from medium nonstationarity and internal and external boundaries of the study domain. The solute flux is described as a space-time process where time refers to the solute flux breakthrough through a control plane (CP) at some distance downstream of the solute source and space refers to the transverse displacement distribution at the CP. The analytically derived moment equations for solute transport in a nonstationarity flow field are too complicated to solve analytically, a numerical finite difference method is implemented to obtain the solutions. This approach combines the stochastic model with the flexibility of the numerical method to boundary and initial conditions. The developed method is applied to study the effects of heterogeneity and nonstationarity of the hydraulic conductivity and chemical sorption coefficient on solute transport. The study results indicate all these factors will significantly influence the mean and variance of solute flux. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - ABSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 12268570; B. X. Hu 1 J. Wu 2 D. Zhang 3; Affiliation:  1: Desert Research Institute Division of Hydrologic Sciences University and Community College System of Nevada Las Vegas Nevada USA  2: Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University China  3: Hydrology, Geochemistry and Geology Group Earth and Environmental Sciences Los Alamos National Laboratory New Mexico USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p22; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D. X. Zhang
AU  - Z. M. Lu
T1  - Stochastic delineation of well capture zones.
JO  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
JF  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 46
SN  - 14363240
AB  - In this work, we describe a stochastic method for delineating well capture zones in randomly heterogeneous porous media. We use a moment equation (ME) approach to derive the time-dependent mean capture zones and their associated uncertainties. The mean capture zones are determined by reversely tracking the non-reactive particles released at a small circle around each pumping well. The uncertainty associated with the mean capture zones is calculated based on the particle displacement covariances for nonstationary flow fields. The flow statistics are obtained either by directly solving the flow moment equations derived with a first-order ME approach or from Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) of flow. The former constitutes a full ME approach, and the latter is a hybrid ME-MCS approach. This hybrid approach is invoked to examine the validity of the transport component of the stochastic method by ensuring that the ME and MC transport approaches have the same underlying flow statistics. We compared both the full ME and the hybrid ME-MCS results with those obtained with a full MCS approach. It has been found that the three approaches are in excellent agreement when the variability of hydrologic conductivity is small (s Y2=0.16). At a moderate variability (s Y2=0.5), the hybrid ME-MCS and the full MCS results are in excellent agreement whereas the results from the full ME approach deviate slightly from the full MCS results. This indicates that the (first-order) ME transport approach renders a good approximation at this level of variability and that the first-order ME flow approximation may not be sufficiently accurate at this variability in the case of divergent/convergent flow. The first-order ME flow approach may need to be corrected with higher-order terms even for moderate s Y2 although the literature results reveal that the first-order ME flow approach is robust for uniform mean flow (i.e., giving accurate results even with s Y2 as large as four). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - HYDROLOGY
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12268572; D. X. Zhang 1 Z. M. Lu 1; Affiliation:  1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p39; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: HYDROLOGY; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Zhiqiang
AU  - Green, Todd J.
AU  - Luo, Ming
AU  - Li, Huilin
T1  - Visualizing the RNA Molecule in the Bacterially Expressed Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Nucleoprotein-RNA Complex
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Packaging of the RNA molecule in viruses is important for the preservation and expression of viral genomic information. The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) nucleoproteins are kept associated with its negative-strand RNA during the mRNA synthesis and replication, in contrast to the tobacco mosaic virus whose nucleoproteins are released from RNA. It has been a puzzle how the VSV RNA is packaged to meet the contradicting requirements of protection and the accessibility to the polymerase. We report an 18 A˚ resolution structure of the recombinant nucleoprotein-RNA complex determined by single-particle electron microscopy. In the 3D density map, a ring of density is resolved on the inner surface and the density is proposed to be the RNA. The RNA is located on the inner surface of the decameric complex near the top end. This is dramatically different from the RNA packaging in TMV, but consistent with previously published biochemical findings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA
KW  - VIRUSES
KW  - STOMATITIS
KW  - NUCLEOPROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 12238208; Chen, Zhiqiang 1 Green, Todd J. 2 Luo, Ming 2 Li, Huilin 1; Email Address: hli@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  2: Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p227; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: VIRUSES; Subject Term: STOMATITIS; Subject Term: NUCLEOPROTEINS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.01.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nayak, S.
AU  - Meyer III, H.M.
AU  - Dahotre, N.B.
T1  - Auger Microscopy of Laser Induced Fe Oxide/Al Reaction Composite Coating.
JO  - Surface Engineering
JF  - Surface Engineering
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
EP  - 52
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 02670844
AB  - A laser based technique was used to synthesise an Fe[sub 3] O[sub 4] /Al composite coating on an Al alloy substrate. The material was analysed using scanning Auger microanalysis. The laser treatment resulted in extensive refinement of the microstructure, and Fe oxide particles were strongly bonded to the matrix owing to reaction induced wetting by liquid Al. The spectroscopy data indicated the formation of several possible stoichiometric compounds as a result of the chemical reaction between Fe[sub 3] O[sub 4] and the alloy. Iron produced as an intermediate product of the aluminothermic reaction between Fe[sub 3] O[sub 4] and Al further reacted with Al (and Si) to form Fe and (Fe,Si) aluminides. The composition across the interface region between the reaction product and the matrix was found to vary gradually, resulting in good bonding. Often, the interfacial region was also found to consist of aluminides of varying composition and stoichiometry. Owing to these features, the coating exhibited high toughness, as characterised by dimpled fracture produced in vacuo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - IRON oxides
KW  - MICROCHEMISTRY
KW  - A319
KW  - ALUMINIDES
KW  - ALUMINOTHERMIC REACTION
KW  - AUGER
KW  - COATING
KW  - COMBINATION MAP
KW  - COMPOSITE
KW  - FRACTURE
KW  - IN VACUO
KW  - IRON OXIDE
KW  - LASER
KW  - MICROANALYSIS
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - THERMITE
N1  - Accession Number: 12605197; Nayak, S. 1 Meyer III, H.M. 2,3 Dahotre, N.B. 1,3; Email Address: ndahotre@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, The University of Tennessee, TN, USA  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory  3: Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p48; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: IRON oxides; Subject Term: MICROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: A319; Author-Supplied Keyword: ALUMINIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: ALUMINOTHERMIC REACTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: AUGER; Author-Supplied Keyword: COATING; Author-Supplied Keyword: COMBINATION MAP; Author-Supplied Keyword: COMPOSITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: FRACTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: IN VACUO; Author-Supplied Keyword: IRON OXIDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: LASER; Author-Supplied Keyword: MICROANALYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: THERMITE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/026708404225010621
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen, J.
AU  - Gai, Zheng
AU  - Kirschner, J.
T1  - Growth and magnetism of metallic thin films and multilayers by pulsed-laser deposition
JO  - Surface Science Reports
JF  - Surface Science Reports
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 52
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 01675729
AB  - Pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) is a powerful method to grow thin films and multilayers of complex materials such as transition metal oxides. In this case, the most cited advantage of PLD is the simplicity of preserving the stoichiometry of the target material. Recently, there are many reports showing that PLD can significantly improve the growth of even simple metallic thin films/multilayers. Here it is the ultrahigh instantaneous deposition rate and the high kinetic energy of PLD that play the most crucial roles. The improved growth, in particular for the first several monolayers, provides great opportunities to design artificial thin film structures that have promising physical properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science Reports is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - Laser methods
KW  - Magnetic films
KW  - Metal–metal magnetic heterostructures
N1  - Accession Number: 12042725; Shen, J. 1; Email Address: shenj@ornl.gov Gai, Zheng 2 Kirschner, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6057, USA  2: Department of Physics & The State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China  3: Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 52 Issue 5/6, p163; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–metal magnetic heterostructures; Number of Pages: 56p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfrep.2003.10.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tadesse, I.
AU  - Green, F.B.
AU  - Puhakka, J.A.
T1  - Seasonal and diurnal variations of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen in advanced integrated wastewater pond system® treating tannery effluent
JO  - Water Research
JF  - Water Research
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 645
SN  - 00431354
AB  - Seasonal and diurnal fluctuations of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature were investigated in a pilot-scale advanced integrated wastewater pond system (AIWPS®) treating tannery effluent. The AIWPS® was comprised of advanced facultative pond (AFP), secondary facultative pond (SFP) and maturation pond (MP) all arranged in series. The variations of pH, DO and temperature in the SFP and MP followed the diurnal cycle of sunlight intensity. Algal photosynthesis being dependent on sunlight radiation, its activity reached climax at early afternoons with DO saturation in the SFP and MP in excess of over 300% and pH in the range of 8.6–9.4. The SFP and MP were thermally stratified with gradients of 3–5°C/m, especially, during the time of peak photosynthesis. The thermal gradient in the AFP was moderated by convective internal currents set in motion as a result of water temperature differences between the influent wastewater and contents of the reactor. In conclusion, the AFP possessed remarkable ability to attenuate process variability with better removal efficiencies than SFP and MP. Hence its use as a lead treatment unit, in a train of ponds treating tannery wastewaters, should always be considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Water Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Wastewater treatment
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Advanced integrated wastewater pond system
KW  - Seasonal and diurnal variations
KW  - Stratification
KW  - Tannery effluent
N1  - Accession Number: 11881868; Tadesse, I. 1; Email Address: ITL@telecom.net.et; Green, F.B. 2; Puhakka, J.A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, Tampere 33101, Finland; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A-3317F, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p645; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Thesaurus Term: Wastewater treatment; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Subject Term: Solar radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced integrated wastewater pond system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seasonal and diurnal variations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stratification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tannery effluent; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, F.
AU  - Chen, Nan
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
AU  - Orlova, T.A.
AU  - Smirnov, B.I.
AU  - de Arellano-López, A.R.
T1  - Solid-particle erosion and strength degradation of Si3N4/BN fibrous monoliths
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2004/02//
VL  - 256
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
SN  - 00431648
AB  - Erosive damage was studied in Si3N4/BN fibrous monoliths (FMs) and the individual constituents of the cells and cell boundary, monolithic Si3N4 and BN. Unidirectional, 0/90°, and ±45° FMs were tested. Specimens were subjected to impact at 90° by angular SiC particles of average diameter 143 μm, traveling at 50–100 m/s. Steady-state erosion rates in the FMs were higher than predicted by a rule of mixtures based on erosion rates of the cell and cell-boundary phases. The relatively rapid FM erosion was attributed to chipping of the Si3N4 cells caused by radial cracks. Bending strengths were measured before and after erosion testing to steady state at 100 m/s. The strength of monolithic Si3N4 decreased 22%; the BN was not tested because insufficient material was available. Within experimental error, the strengths of the FMs were unaffected by erosion. Fracture data obtained approximately 1.5 years apart suggested that the FMs were susceptible to environmentally assisted slow crack growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - BORON nitride
KW  - EROSION
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - Boron nitride
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Fibrous monoliths
KW  - Silicon nitride
KW  - Strength
N1  - Accession Number: 12236396; Goretta, K.C. 1 Gutierrez-Mora, F. 1 Chen, Nan 1 Routbort, J.L. 1; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov Orlova, T.A. 2 Smirnov, B.I. 2 de Arellano-López, A.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA  2: Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  3: Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 256 Issue 3/4, p233; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: BORON nitride; Subject Term: EROSION; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fibrous monoliths; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strength; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00392-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Callebaut, Hans
AU  - Kumar, Sushil
AU  - Williams, Benjamin S.
AU  - Hu, Qing
AU  - Reno, John L.
T1  - Importance of electron-impurity scattering for electron transport in terahertz quantum-cascade lasers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/02/
VL  - 84
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 645
EP  - 647
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using an ensemble Monte Carlo simulation, including both electron–electron and electron–phonon scattering as well as electron-impurity scattering, the current density, population inversion, electron temperature, and gain in two THz quantum-cascade structures are investigated and compared to measurements. We find that the inclusion of electron-impurity scattering in the calculations is crucial when modeling the intersubband transport dynamics in these devices. However, the calculated gain is higher than inferred from experiments. This can be attributed to wavefunction localization caused by dephasing scattering, which is unaccounted for in the present model.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - QUANTUM optics
KW  - LASERS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12063243; Callebaut, Hans 1 Kumar, Sushil 1 Williams, Benjamin S. 1 Hu, Qing 1; Email Address: qhu@mit.edu Reno, John L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 1123, MS 0601, Albuquerque, New Mexico 871 85-0601.; Source Info: 2/2/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 5, p645; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM optics; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644337
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12063243&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edge, L. F.
AU  - Schlom, D. G.
AU  - Chambers, S. A.
AU  - Cicerrella, F.
AU  - Freeouf, J. L.
AU  - Holländer, B.
AU  - Schubert, J.
T1  - Measurement of the band offsets between amorphous LaAlO[sub 3] and silicon.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/02/
VL  - 84
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 726
EP  - 728
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The conduction and valence band offsets between amorphous LaAlO[sub 3] and silicon have been determined from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. These films, which are free of interfacial SiO[sub 2], were made by molecular-beam deposition. The band line-up is type I with measured band offsets of 1.8±0.2 eV for electrons and 3.2±0.1 eV for holes. The band offsets are independent of the doping concentration in the silicon substrate as well as the amorphous LaAlO[sub 3] film thickness. These amorphous LaAlO[sub 3] films have a bandgap of 6.2±0.1 eV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
N1  - Accession Number: 12063216; Edge, L. F. 1 Schlom, D. G. 1; Email Address: schlom@ems.psu.edu Chambers, S. A. 2 Cicerrella, F. 3 Freeouf, J. L. 2 Holländer, B. 4 Schubert, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 16802.  2: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oregon Health & Sciences University Beaverton, Oregon 97006.  4: Institut für Schichten und Grenzflächen ISGI -IT and Center of Nanoelectronic Systems for Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.; Source Info: 2/2/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 5, p726; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - T. Zhao, Kyung-Ho
AU  - S. B. Ogale, Kyung-Ho
AU  - S. R. Shinde, Kyung-Ho
AU  - R. Ramesh
AU  - R. Droopad, Kyung-Ho
AU  - J. Yu
AU  - K. Eisenbeiser, Kyung-Ho
AU  - J. Misewich, Kyung-Ho
T1  - Colossal magnetoresistive manganite-based ferroelectric field-effect transistor on Si.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/02/
VL  - 84
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 750
EP  - 752
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - An all-perovskite ferroelectric field-effect transistor with a ferroelectric Pb(Zr[sub 0.2]Ti[sub 0.8])O[sub 3] (PZT) gate and a colossal magnetoresistive La[sub 0.8]Ca[sub 0.2]MnO[sub 3] (LCMO) channel has been successfully fabricated by pulsed-laser deposition on Si. A clear and square channel resistivity hysteresis loop, commensurate with the ferroelectric hysteresis loop of PZT, is observed. A maximum modulation of 20% after an electric field poling of 1.5×10[sup 5] V/cm, and 50% under a magnetic field of 1 T, are achieved near the metal-insulator transition temperature of the LCMO channel. A data retention time of at least one day is measured. The effects of electric and magnetic fields on the LCMO channel resistance are discussed within the framework of phase separation scenario. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - HYSTERESIS loop
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
N1  - Accession Number: 12063208; T. Zhao, Kyung-Ho 1; Email Address: tongzhao@wam.umd.edu S. B. Ogale, Kyung-Ho 1 S. R. Shinde, Kyung-Ho 1 R. Ramesh 1; Email Address: rr136@umail.umd.edu R. Droopad, Kyung-Ho 2 J. Yu 2 K. Eisenbeiser, Kyung-Ho 2 J. Misewich, Kyung-Ho 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Research Science & Engineering Center University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20742.  2: Physical Sciences Research Laboratories, Motorola Labs, Tempe, Arizona 85284.  3: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 2/2/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 5, p750; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS loop; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644321
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12063208&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanna, M. C.
AU  - Mióió, O. I.
AU  - Seong, M. J.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, S. P.
AU  - Nedeljković, J. M.
AU  - Nozik, A. J.
T1  - GaInP[sub 2] overgrowth and passivation of colloidal InP nanocrystals using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/02/
VL  - 84
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 780
EP  - 782
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have used metalorganic chemical vapor deposition to deposit thin GaInP[sub 2] passivating films on both isolated and close-packed arrays of colloidal InP/GaInP[sub 2] core-shell nanocrystals. Conformal GaInP[sub 2] layers of 10–20 nm were grown on the nanocrystals after organic capping molecule removal by a thermal annealing treatment. We show that the InP nanocrystals retain their crystallinity, shape and luminescence efficiency after being exposed to growth temperatures of 600 °C. The GaInP[sub 2] nanocrystal composite showed strong photoluminescences indicating effective passivation of surface states. In close-packed nanocrystal arrays, the emission band is redshifted compared to films of isolated nanocrystals indicating electron coupling between dots embedded in GaInP[sub 2]. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12063198; Hanna, M. C. 1; Email Address: mark_hanna@nrel.gov Mióió, O. I. 1 Seong, M. J. 1 Ahrenkiel, S. P. 1 Nedeljković, J. M. 1 Nozik, A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 2/2/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 5, p780; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644620
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Mikkel B.
T1  - Propagation of fast partons in the nuclear medium.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/02/02/Feb2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 110
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The color dipole approach has been applied in the target rest frame to address the issues of transverse momentum broadening and energy loss of a fast quark propagating in the nuclear medium. A recent application of the theory to the FermiLab E772/E866 experimental data, determining the rate of energy loss of a quark propagating in the medium to be 2 to 3 GeV/fm, will be reviewed. Calculations for the transverse momentum distribution will be presented, and the results will be compared to the E866 data. The theory will be shown to compare favorably to the data, and these results will be shown to suggest that the momentum broadening of a quark is about twice the generally accepted size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MOMENTUM transfer
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 15180070; Johnson, Mikkel B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544; Source Info: Feb2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 19, p105; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM transfer; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-018-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15180070&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leitch, M.J.
T1  - J/Ψ and heavy-quark production in E866/FNAL and PHENIX.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/02/02/Feb2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 132
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The production of heavy quarks in nuclei is modified from that for a free nucleon by a number of nuclear effects including shadowing of the nuclear gluon distributions, energy loss of the incident gluon, and, in the case of the J/Ψ, disassociation of the c&cmacr;l; pair (absorption) as it exits the nucleus. Measurements in the E866/NuSea 800 GeV fixed target experiment show a large suppression of the closed-charm yield with strong kinematical dependencies and with a slightly stronger suppression for the Ψ' than for the J/Ψ near XF = 0. On the other hand, a measurement of the D meson nuclear dependence near XF = 0 shows no suppression. At RHIC the J/&:Psi; is thought to be a key signature for the creation of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions, but the non-QGP suppression already seen in p-A collisions at lower energies shows that we must first understand these non-QGP effects on the f/Psi in order to gain a clear understanding of its production in nucleus-nucleus collisions. The most recent run at RHIC included deuteron-gold collisions and will serve as a baseline for these cold nuclear matter effects at RHIC energy. Here I report on the first results for the J/Ψ and for open-charm at PHENIX including the d-Au results. The present knowledge of gluon shadowing is very uncertain, especially in the large rapidity region of the PHENIX muon arms, and these measurements should help us determine how strong it is and perhaps even its dependence on impact parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 14.40.Lb - Charm mesons
KW  - 14.65.Dw - Charm quarks
KW  - 24.85.+p - Quarks
KW  - 25.75.-g - Relativistic heavy-ion collisions
KW  - 25.75.Dw - Particle and resonance production
KW  - and QCD in nuclei and nuclear processes
KW  - gluons
N1  - Accession Number: 15180084; Leitch, M.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: P-25, MS H846, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: Feb2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 19, p129; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.40.Lb - Charm mesons; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.65.Dw - Charm quarks; Author-Supplied Keyword: 24.85.+p - Quarks; Author-Supplied Keyword: 25.75.-g - Relativistic heavy-ion collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: 25.75.Dw - Particle and resonance production; Author-Supplied Keyword: and QCD in nuclei and nuclear processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: gluons; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-020-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15180084&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reitz, Bodo
T1  - The 4He(e,e’p)3H reaction at JLab.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/02/02/Feb2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
EP  - 169
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - In the recent experiment E97-111 at Jefferson Lab the unseparated cross section for the (e,e'p) reaction on 4He was measured at recoil momenta up to 530 MeV/c. In the plane-wave impulse approximation, many calculations predict a sharp minimum in the cross section for recoil momenta around 450 MeV/c and show that its location is sensitive to the short-range part of the internucleon potential. However, re- action dynamic effects such as final-state interactions and meson-exchange currents can obscure such a minimum. To distinguish and study these effects data were taken at several different kinematic points. The preliminary results of the experiment are presented and compared to recent model calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEON-nucleon interactions
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15180047; Reitz, Bodo 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA; Source Info: Feb2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 19, p165; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEON-nucleon interactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-027-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15180047&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ullrich, Thomas S.
T1  - The study of high density matter at RHIC.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/02/02/Feb2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 221
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - QCD predicts a phase transition between hadronic matter and a Quark Gluon Plasma at high energy density. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory is a new facility dedicated to the experimental study of matter under extreme conditions. Already the first round of experimental results at RHIC indicated that the conditions to create a new state of matter are indeed reached in the collisions of heavy nuclei. Studies of particle spectra and their correlations at low transverse momenta provide evidence of strong pressure gradients in the highly interacting dense medium and hint that we observe a system in thermal equilibrium. Recent runs with high statistics allow us to explore the regime of hard-scattering processes where the suppression of hadrons at large transverse momentum, and quenching of di-jets are observed thus providing further evidence for extreme high density matter created in collisions at RHIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - QUARK-gluon plasma
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 25.75.-q - Relativistic heavy-ion collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 15180074; Ullrich, Thomas S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Uptown New York 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Feb2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 19, p213; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: QUARK-gluon plasma; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 25.75.-q - Relativistic heavy-ion collisions; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-036-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15180074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Jager, C.
AU  - Wojtsekhowski, B.
AU  - Tedeschi, D.
AU  - Vlahovic, B.
AU  - Abbott, D.
AU  - Asai, J.
AU  - Feldman, G.
AU  - Hotta, T.
AU  - Khadaker, M.
AU  - Kohri, H.
AU  - Matsumara, T.
AU  - Mibe, T.
AU  - Nakano, T.
AU  - Nelyubin, V.
AU  - Orielly, G.
AU  - Rudge, A.
AU  - Weilhammer, P.
AU  - Wood, M.
AU  - Yorita, T.
AU  - Zegers, R.
T1  - A pair polarimeter for linearly polarized high energy photons.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/02/02/Feb2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 278
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - A high quality beam of linearly polarized photons of several GeV will become available with the coherent bremsstrahlung technique at JLab. We have developed a polarimeter which requires about two meters of the beam line, has an analyzing power of 20% and an efficiency of 0.02%. The layout and first of polarimeter test on the laser back-scattering photon beamat SPring-8/LEPS are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARISCOPE
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - EINSTEIN-Podolsky-Rosen experiment
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - 07.60.Fs - polarimeters
KW  - 29.40.Wk - solid state detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 15180052; de Jager, C. Wojtsekhowski, B. 1 Tedeschi, D. 2 Vlahovic, B. 1,3 Abbott, D. 1 Asai, J. 4 Feldman, G. 5 Hotta, T. 6 Khadaker, M. 7 Kohri, H. 6 Matsumara, T. 6 Mibe, T. 6 Nakano, T. 6 Nelyubin, V. 1,2 Orielly, G. 5 Rudge, A. 8 Weilhammer, P. 8 Wood, M. 2 Yorita, T. 6 Zegers, R. 9; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  3: North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA  4: Canadian Light Source, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada  5: The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20064, USA  6: Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan  7: Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA  8: CERN EP Division, 121 Geneva 23, Switzerland  9: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mikazuki, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan; Source Info: Feb2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 19, p275; Subject Term: POLARISCOPE; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: EINSTEIN-Podolsky-Rosen experiment; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.60.Fs - polarimeters; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.40.Wk - solid state detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-045-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15180052&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deshpande, A.
T1  - eRHIC: The electron ion collider at BNL.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/02/02/Feb2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 290
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - Addition of a high intensity & high energy polarized electron/positron beam facility to the already existing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) complex so that electrons/positron from that facility could collide with the RHIC hadron beams, woWd significantly enhance RHIC's ability to explore fundamental and universal aspects of QCD. We present here the high lights of the physics program that could result as a result of such a RHIC upgrade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - POSITRON beams
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 13.40.Gp -
KW  - 14.20.Dh -
KW  - 21.10.Ft -
N1  - Accession Number: 15180081; Deshpande, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000; Source Info: Feb2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 19, p289; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: POSITRON beams; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 13.40.Gp -; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.20.Dh -; Author-Supplied Keyword: 21.10.Ft -; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjad/s2004-03-048-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15180081&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kramer, Gary H.
AU  - Lynch, Timothy
AU  - Lopez, Maria Antonia
AU  - Hauck, Barry M.
T1  - Summing Coincidence Errors Using 152Eu Lungs to Calibrate a Lung-counting System: Are They Significant?
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/02/Feb2004 Supplement
VL  - 86
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - S25
EP  - S30
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The use of a lung phantom containing 152Eu241Am activity can provide a sufficient number of energy lines to generate an efficiency calibration for the in vivo measurements of radioactive materials ill tile lungs, However, due to the number of energy lines associated with 152Eu, coincidence ,summing, occurs and can present a problem when using such a phantom for calibrating lung-counting systems. A Summing Peak Effect Study was conducted at three laboratories to determine the effect of using an efficiency calibration based on a 152Eu241Am lung phantom. The measurement data at all three laboratories showed the presence of sum peaks. While one of the laboratories found only small biases (<) when using the 152Eu241Am calibration, tile other facilities noted up to 30% positive bias in the 140 keV to 190 keV energy range that prevents the use of the 152Eu241Am lung phantom for routine calibrations. Although manufactured by different vendors, the three facilities use similar types of germanium detectors (38 cm2 by 25 mm thick or 38 cm2 by 30 nun thick) for counting. These results underscore the need to evaluate tile coincidence summing effect, which appear system dependent, when using a nuclide such as 152Eu for the calibration of low-energy lung counting systems and highlight tile problem of using a general calibration curve in place of specific nuclide calibration factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Errors
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Calibration
KW  - 152eu
KW  - lungs, human
KW  - operational topic
KW  - phantom
N1  - Accession Number: 13070879; Kramer, Gary H. 1; Email Address: gary_h_kramer@hc-sc.gc.ca; Lynch, Timothy 2; Lopez, Maria Antonia 3; Hauck, Barry M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Human Monitoring Laboratory, Environmental Radiation Hazards Division, Radiation Protection Bureau, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, Ontario; 2: Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambintales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid, Spain; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, In Vivo Radioassay and Research Facility, P.O. Box 999, Richland WA, 99352; Issue Info: Feb2004 Supplement, Vol. 86 Issue 2, pS25; Subject Term: Errors; Subject Term: Germanium; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Laboratories; Subject Term: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: 152eu; Author-Supplied Keyword: lungs, human; Author-Supplied Keyword: operational topic; Author-Supplied Keyword: phantom; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Ming
AU  - Espenson, James H.
T1  - Kinetic study of epoxidations by urea–hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by methyltrioxorhenium(VII) on niobia
JO  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/02/
VL  - 208
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 128
SN  - 13811169
KW  - Epoxidation
KW  - Methyltrioxorhenium(VII)
KW  - Urea–hydrogen peroxide
N1  - Accession Number: 22238165; Li, Ming 1 Espenson, James H.; Email Address: espenson@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 25 Spedding Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 208 Issue 1/2, p123; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methyltrioxorhenium(VII); Author-Supplied Keyword: Urea–hydrogen peroxide; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1381-1169(03)00517-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22238165&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pokkuluri, P. Raj
AU  - Londer, Yuri Y.
AU  - Duke, Norma E. C.
AU  - Long, W. Chris
AU  - Schiffer, Marianne
T1  - Family of Cytochrome c[sub7]-Type Proteins from Geobacter sulfurreducens: Structure of One Cytochrome c[sub7] at 1.45 Å ResoIution.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/03/
VL  - 43
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 849
EP  - 859
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The structure of a cytochrome c[sub7] (PpcA) from Geobacter sulfurreducens was determined by X-ray diffraction at 1.45 Å resolution; the R factor is 18.2%. The protein contains a three-heme core that is surrounded by 71 amino acid residues. An unusual feature of this cytochrome is that it has 17 lysine residues, but only nine hydrophobic residues that are larger than alanine. The details of the structure are described and compared with those of cytochrome c[sub7] from Desulfuromonas acetoxidans and with cytochromes c[sub3]. The two cytochrome c[sub7] molecules have sequences that are 46% identical, but the arrangements of the hemes in the two structures differ; the rms deviation of all α-carbons is 2.5 Å. These cytochromes can reduce various metal ions. The reduction site of the chromate ion in D. acetoxidans is occupied by a sulfate ion in the crystal structure of PpcA. We identified four additional homologues of cytochrome c[sub7] in the G. sulfurreducens genome and three polymers of c[sub7]-type domains. Of the polymers, two have four repeats and one has nine repeats. On the basis of sequence alignments, one of the hemes in each of the cytochrome c[sub7]-type domains does not have the bis-histidine coordination. The packing of the molecules in the crystal structure of PpcA suggests that the polymers have an elongated conformation and might form a "nanowire". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - LYSINE
KW  - ALANINE
KW  - METAL ions
N1  - Accession Number: 12342833; Pokkuluri, P. Raj 1 Londer, Yuri Y. 1 Duke, Norma E. C. 1 Long, W. Chris 1 Schiffer, Marianne 1; Email Address: mschiffer@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 2/3/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 4, p849; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: LYSINE; Subject Term: ALANINE; Subject Term: METAL ions; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matonic, John
AU  - Brown, John
AU  - Foltyn, Liz
AU  - Garcia, Lawrence
AU  - Hart, Ron
AU  - Herman, David
AU  - Huling, Jeff
AU  - Pansoy-Hjelvik, M.E. Lisa
AU  - Sandoval, Fritz
AU  - Spengel, Diane
T1  - Heat Source Neutron Emission Rate Reduction Studies — Water Induced HF Liberation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
EP  - 247
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Plutonium-238 oxide (238PuO2) is used in the fabrication of general purpose heat sources (GPHS) or light-weight radioisotope heater units (LWRHUs). The heat sources supply the thermal energy used in radioisotope thermoelectric generators to power spacecraft for deep space missions and to heat critical components in the cold environs of space. Los Alamos National Laboratory has manufactured heat sources for approximately two decades. The aqueous purification of 238PuO2 is required, due to rigorous total Pu-content, actinide and non-actinide metal impurity, and neutron emission rate specifications. The 238PuO2 aqueous purification process is a new capability at Los Alamos National Laboratory as previously, aqueous purified 238PuO2 occurred at other DOE complexes. The Pu-content and actinide and non-actinide metal impurity specifications are met well within specification in the Los Alamos process, though reduction in neutron emission rates have been challenging. High neutron emission rates are typically attributed to fluoride content in the oxide. The alpha decay from 238Pu results in α,n reactions with light elements such as 17O, 18O, and 19F resulting in high neutron emission rates in the purified 238PuO2. Simple 16O-exchange takes care of the high NER due to 17O, and 18O. A new method to reduce the NER due to 19F in the purified 238PuO2 is presented in this paper. The method involves addition of water to purified 238PuO2, followed by heating to remove the water and liberating fluoride as HF. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PLUTONIUM oxides
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - SPACE heaters
KW  - THERMOELECTRIC generators
KW  - SPACE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12270751; Matonic, John 1; Email Address: matonic@lanl.gov Brown, John 1 Foltyn, Liz 1 Garcia, Lawrence 1 Hart, Ron 1 Herman, David 1 Huling, Jeff 1 Pansoy-Hjelvik, M.E. Lisa 1 Sandoval, Fritz 1 Spengel, Diane; Affiliation:  1: Pu Science and Engineering Group (NMT-9), Nuclear Materials and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p242; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM oxides; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: SPACE heaters; Subject Term: THERMOELECTRIC generators; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335210 Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649580
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270751&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hixson, Laurie L.
AU  - Houts, Michael G.
AU  - Clement, Steven D.
T1  - Technical Bases to Aid in the Decision of Conducting Full Power Ground Nuclear Tests for Space Fission Reactors.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 318
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The extent to which, if any, full power ground nuclear testing of space reactors should be performed has been a point of discussion within the industry for decades. Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Are there equivalent alternatives? Can a test facility be constructed (or modified) in a reasonable amount of time? Is the test article an accurate representation of the flight system? Are the costs too restrictive? The obvious benefits of full power ground nuclear testing; obtaining systems integrated reliability data on a full-scale, complete end-to-end system; come at some programmatic risk. Safety related information is not obtained from a full-power ground nuclear test. This paper will discuss and assess these and other technical considerations essential in the decision to conduct full power ground nuclear-or alternative-tests. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR powered space vehicles
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - ASTRONAUTICS
KW  - SPACE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12270743; Hixson, Laurie L. 1; Email Address: lhixson@lanl.gov Houts, Michael G. 2 Clement, Steven D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Space Science and Exploration, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  2: Nuclear Design and Risk Analysis Group, Los Alamos Laboratory, Los Alamos, MN  3: Advanced Nuclear Technology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p308; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR powered space vehicles; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: ASTRONAUTICS; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649588
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270743&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conklin, J.C.
AU  - Courville, G.E.
AU  - Scott, J.H.
T1  - Evaluation of Active Working Fluids for Brayton Cycles in Space Applications.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 472
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The main parameter of interest for space thermal power conversion to electricity is specific power, defined as the total electric power output per unit of system mass, rather than the cycle thermal efficiency. For a closed Brayton cycle, performance with two active working fluids, nitrogen tetroxide and aluminum chloride, is compared to that with an inert mixture of helium and xenon having a molecular mass of 40. A chemically active working fluid is defined here as a chemical compound that has a relatively high molecular weight at temperatures appropriate for the compressor inlet and dissociates to a lighter molecular weight fluid at typical turbine inlet temperatures. The active working fluids may have the advantage of a higher net turbomachinery work output and an advantageous enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient in the heat exchangers. The fundamental theory of the active working fluid concept is presented to demonstrate these potential advantages. Scoping calculations of the heat exchanger mass for a selected spacecraft application of 36.4 kW of electrical power output show that the nitrogen tetroxide active working fluid has an advantageous 7% to 30% lower mass-to-power ratio than that for the inert noble gas mixture, depending on the allowable turbine inlet temperature. The calculations for the aluminum chloride system suggest only a slight improvement in performance relative to the inert noble gas mixture. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAYTON cycle
KW  - WORKING fluids
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ENERGY conversion
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - SPACE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12270724; Conklin, J.C. 1,2; Email Address: conklinjc@ornl.gov Courville, G.E. 2 Scott, J.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  2: Ecotera Energy Inc., Knoxville, TN  3: Power Systems Branch, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p463; Subject Term: BRAYTON cycle; Subject Term: WORKING fluids; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ENERGY conversion; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649607
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270724&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holcomb, David E.
AU  - Kisner, Roger A.
AU  - Roberts, Michael J.
T1  - Johnson Noise Thermometry For Space Reactor Temperature Measurement.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 573
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A primary difference between terrestrial and remotely located reactors is the ability to periodically recalibrate and replace the instrumentation. Because of this, space reactors place a premium on self-calibrating, long-term reliable instrumentation. The primary temperature measurements for the SP-100 reactor were to be made using W/W-Re thermocouples. However, the large gamma and neutron dose expected at the coolant outlet (>1 MGy γ; 3×1015 fast neutron fluence) combined with the high temperature (1375 K nominal; 1650 K maximum) meant that the thermocouples would drift significantly over the lifetime of the reactor. A combined Johnson noise resistance thermometer capable of performing under these extreme conditions was developed by ORNL (Carroll, 1994). Johnson noise is a fundamental representation of temperature—it is the vibration of the electronic field surrounding atoms as they thermally vibrate. Johnson noise, however, is fundamentally a small signal (∼4×10-7 Vrms for a 100 Ω resistor at 300 K, using a 100 kHz bandwidth) spread throughout the frequency spectrum. Creating the electronics and signal processing required to effectively measure and interpret the noise signal remains challenging. ORNL has recently developed closely related Johnson Noise Thermometry (JNT) electronics and signal processing capabilities under a DOE International Nuclear Energy Research Initiative Project with the Korean Atomic Energy Research Institute (U.S. DOE, 2002). An overview of the application of JNT to space nuclear power and the current status of the ORNL JNT capabilities is the subject of this paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - NOISE -- Measurement
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR powered space vehicles
KW  - THERMOCOUPLES
KW  - SPACE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12270714; Holcomb, David E. 1; Email Address: HolcombDE@ornl.gov Kisner, Roger A. 2 Roberts, Michael J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science and Technology Division  2: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p567; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: NOISE -- Measurement; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR powered space vehicles; Subject Term: THERMOCOUPLES; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649617
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270714&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Rube B.
T1  - Restricted Complexity Framework for Nonlinear Adaptive Control in Complex Systems.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 623
EP  - 630
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Control law adaptation that includes implicit or explicit adaptive state estimation, can be a fundamental underpinning for the success of intelligent control in complex systems, particularly during subsystem failures, where vital system states and parameters can be impractical or impossible to measure directly. A practical algorithm is proposed for adaptive state filtering and control in nonlinear dynamic systems when the state equations are unknown or are too complex to model analytically. The state equations and inverse plant model are approximated by using neural networks. A framework for a neural network based nonlinear dynamic inversion control law is proposed, as an extrapolation of prior developed restricted complexity methodology used to formulate the adaptive state filter. Examples of adaptive filter performance are presented for an SSME simulation with high pressure turbine failure to support extrapolations to adaptive control problems. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADAPTIVE control systems
KW  - INTELLIGENT control systems
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ASTRONAUTICS
KW  - SPACE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12270707; Williams, Rube B. 1; Email Address: rbwx@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p623; Subject Term: ADAPTIVE control systems; Subject Term: INTELLIGENT control systems; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ASTRONAUTICS; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649624
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270707&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, Richard T.
AU  - Neal, John S.
AU  - Brittain, C. Ray
AU  - Mullens, James A.
T1  - Autonomous Control Capabilities for Space Reactor Power Systems.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 631
EP  - 638
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) Project Prometheus, the Nuclear Systems Program, is investigating a possible Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter (JIMO) mission, which would conduct in-depth studies of three of the moons of Jupiter by using a space reactor power system (SRPS) to provide energy for propulsion and spacecraft power for more than a decade. Terrestrial nuclear power plants rely upon varying degrees of direct human control and interaction for operations and maintenance over a forty to sixty year lifetime. In contrast, an SRPS is intended to provide continuous, remote, unattended operation for up to fifteen years with no maintenance. Uncertainties, rare events, degradation, and communications delays with Earth are challenges that SRPS control must accommodate. Autonomous control is needed to address these challenges and optimize the reactor control design. In this paper, we describe an autonomous control concept for generic SRPS designs. The formulation of an autonomous control concept, which includes identification of high-level functional requirements and generation of a research and development plan for enabling technologies, is among the technical activities that are being conducted under the U.S. Department of Energy’s Space Reactor Technology Program in support of the NASA’s Project Prometheus. The findings from this program are intended to contribute to the successful realization of the JIMO mission. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC reactors
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - JUPITER (Planet)
KW  - JUPITER (Planet) -- Satellites
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - EXPLORATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12270706; Wood, Richard T. 1; Email Address: woodrt@ornl.gov Neal, John S. 1 Brittain, C. Ray 1 Mullens, James A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p631; Subject Term: ELECTRIC reactors; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: JUPITER (Planet); Subject Term: JUPITER (Planet) -- Satellites; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Subject Term: EXPLORATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649625
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270706&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Houts, Mike
AU  - Schmidt, Glen L.
AU  - Van Dyke, Melissa
AU  - Godfroy, Tom
AU  - Martin, James
AU  - Bragg-Sitton, Shannon
AU  - Dickens, Ricky
AU  - Salvail, Pat
AU  - Harper, Roger
T1  - Space Fission System Test Effectiveness.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 673
EP  - 679
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Space fission technology has the potential to enable rapid access to any point in the solar system. If fission propulsion systems are to be developed to their full potential, however, near-term customers need to be identified and initial fission systems successfully developed, launched, and utilized. One key to successful utilization is to develop reactor designs that are highly testable. Testable reactor designs have a much higher probability of being successfully converted from paper concepts to working space hardware than do designs which are difficult or impossible to realistically test. “Test Effectiveness” is one measure of the ability to realistically test a space reactor system. The objective of this paper is to discuss test effectiveness as applied to the design, development, flight qualification, and acceptance testing of space fission systems. The ability to perform highly effective testing would be particularly important to the success of any near-term mission, such as NASA’s Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter, the first mission under study within NASA’s Project Prometheus, the Nuclear Systems Program. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - OUTER space
KW  - SPACE flight propulsion systems
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - ASTRONAUTICS
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - EXPLORATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12270702; Houts, Mike 1; Email Address: houts@lanl.gov Schmidt, Glen L. 2 Van Dyke, Melissa 3 Godfroy, Tom 3 Martin, James 3 Bragg-Sitton, Shannon 3 Dickens, Ricky 3 Salvail, Pat 3 Harper, Roger 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  2: New Mexico Tech, Institute for Engineering Research and Applications, Albuquerque, NM  3: NASA MSFC, TD40, Marshall Space Flight Center, AL; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p673; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: OUTER space; Subject Term: SPACE flight propulsion systems; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: ASTRONAUTICS; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Subject Term: EXPLORATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336415 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Propulsion Unit and Propulsion Unit Parts Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649629
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270702&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ott, Larry J.
AU  - McCulloch, Reg
T1  - Overview of Fuel Rod Simulator Usage at ORNL.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 703
EP  - 712
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - During the 1970s and early 1980s, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) operated large out-of-reactor experimental facilities to resolve thermal-hydraulic safety issues in nuclear reactors. The fundamental research ranged from material mechanical behavior of fuel cladding during the depressurization phase of a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) to basic heat transfer research in gas- or sodium-cooled cores. The largest facility simulated the initial phase (less than 1 min. of transient time) of a LOCA in a commercial pressurized-water reactor. The nonnuclear reactor cores of these facilities were mimicked via advanced, highly instrumented electric fuel rod simulators locally manufactured at ORNL. This paper provides an overview of these experimental facilities with an emphasis on the fuel rod simulators. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fuel rods
KW  - SPACE simulators
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - OAK Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - OAK Ridge National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 12270698; Ott, Larry J. 1; Email Address: ottlj@ornl.gov McCulloch, Reg 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  2: Delta-M Corporation, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p703; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuel rods; Subject Term: SPACE simulators; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Subject Term: OAK Ridge (Tenn.); Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: OAK Ridge National Laboratory; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649633
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270698&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ott, Larry J.
AU  - McCulloch, Reg
T1  - Electric Fuel Rod Simulator Fabrication at ORNL.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 720
EP  - 727
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Commercial vendors could not supply the high-quality, highly instrumented electric fuel rod simulators (FRS) required for large thermal-hydraulic safety-oriented experiments at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in the 1970s and early 1980s. Staff at ORNL designed, developed, and manufactured the simulators utilized in these safety experiments. Important FRS design requirements include (1) materials of construction, (2) test power requirements and availability, (3) experimental test objectives, (4) supporting thermal analyses, and (5) extensive quality control throughout all phases of FRS fabrication. This paper will present an overview of these requirements (design, analytics, and quality control) as practiced at ORNL to produce a durable high-quality FRS. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fuel rods
KW  - SPACE simulators
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - OAK Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - OAK Ridge National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 12270696; Ott, Larry J. 1; Email Address: ottlj@ornl.gov McCulloch, Reg 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  2: Delta-M Corporation, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p720; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuel rods; Subject Term: SPACE simulators; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Subject Term: OAK Ridge (Tenn.); Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: OAK Ridge National Laboratory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649635
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinkle, Steven J.
AU  - Wiffen, F.W.
T1  - Radiation Effects in Refractory Alloys.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 733
EP  - 740
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In order to achieve the required low reactor mass per unit electrical power for space reactors, refractory alloys are essential due to their high operating temperature capability that in turn enables high thermal conversion efficiencies. One of the key issues associated with refractory alloys is their performance in a neutron irradiation environment. The available radiation effects data are reviewed for alloys based on Mo, W, Re, Nb and Ta. The largest database is associated with Mo alloys, whereas Re, W and Ta alloys have the least available information. Particular attention is focused on Nb-1Zr, which is a proposed cladding and structural material for the reactor in the Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter (JIMO) project. All of the refractory alloys exhibit qualitatively similar temperature-dependent behavior. At low temperatures up to ∼0.3TM, where TM is the melting temperature, the dominant effect of radiation is to produce pronounced radiation hardening and concomitant loss of ductility. The radiation hardening also causes a dramatic decrease in the fracture toughness of the refractory alloys. These low temperature radiation effects occur at relatively low damage levels of ∼0.1 displacement per atom, dpa (∼2×1024 n/m2, E>0.1 MeV). As a consequence, operation at low temperatures in the presence of neutron irradiation must be avoided for all refractory alloys. At intermediate temperatures (0.3 to 0.6 TM), void swelling and irradiation creep are the dominant effects of irradiation. The amount of volumetric swelling associated with void formation in refractory alloys is generally within engineering design limits (<5%) even for high neutron exposures (>>10 dpa). Very little experimental data exist on irradiation creep of refractory alloys, but data for other body centered cubic alloys suggest that the irradiation creep will produce negligible deformation for near-term space reactor applications. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - ELECTRIC reactors
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - SPACE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12270694; Zinkle, Steven J. 1; Email Address: zinklesj@ornl.gov Wiffen, F.W.; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p733; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: ELECTRIC reactors; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649637
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bragg-Sitton, S.M.
AU  - Kapernick, R.
AU  - Godfroy, T.J.
T1  - Single Channel Testing for Characterization of the Direct Gas Cooled Reactor and the SAFE-100 Heat Exchanger.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 748
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Experiments have been designed to characterize the coolant gas flow in two space reactor concepts that are currently under investigation by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center and Los Alamos National Laboratory: the direct-drive gas-cooled reactor (DDG) and the SAFE-100 heatpipe-cooled reactor (HPR). For the DDG concept, initial tests have been completed to measure pressure drop versus flow rate for a prototypic core flow channel, with gas exiting to atmospheric pressure conditions. The experimental results of the completed DDG tests presented in this paper validate the predicted results to within a reasonable margin of error. These tests have resulted in a re-design of the flow annulus to reduce the pressure drop. Subsequent tests will be conducted with the re-designed flow channel and with the outlet pressure held at 150 psi (1 MPa). Design of a similar test for a nominal flow channel in the HPR heat exchanger (HPR-HX) has been completed and hardware is currently being assembled for testing this channel at 150 psi. When completed, these test programs will provide the data necessary to validate calculated flow performance for these reactor concepts (pressure drop and film temperature rise). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT exchangers
KW  - GAS cooled reactors
KW  - ELECTRIC reactors
KW  - GAS flow
KW  - SPACE flight
KW  - SPACE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12270693; Bragg-Sitton, S.M. 1,2; Email Address: Shannon.Bragg-Sitton@msfc.nasa.gov Kapernick, R. 3 Godfroy, T.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI  2: Propulsion Research Center, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p741; Subject Term: HEAT exchangers; Subject Term: GAS cooled reactors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC reactors; Subject Term: GAS flow; Subject Term: SPACE flight; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649638
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Godfroy, Thomas J.
AU  - Kapernick, Richard J.
AU  - Bragg-Sitton, Shannon M.
T1  - Thermally Simulated 32kW Direct-Drive Gas-Cooled Reactor: Design, Assembly, and Test.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 699
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 757
EP  - 763
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - One of the power systems under consideration for nuclear electric propulsion is a direct-drive gas-cooled reactor coupled to a Brayton cycle. In this system, power is transferred from the reactor to the Brayton system via a circulated closed loop gas. To allow early utilization, system designs must be relatively simple, easy to fabricate, and easy to test using non-nuclear heaters to closely mimic heat from fission. This combination of attributes will allow pre-prototypic systems to be designed, fabricated, and tested quickly and affordably. The ability to build and test units is key to the success of a nuclear program, especially if an early flight is desired. The ability to perform very realistic non-nuclear testing increases the success probability of the system. In addition, the technologies required by a concept will substantially impact the cost, time, and resources required to develop a successful space reactor power system. This paper describes design features, assembly, and test matrix for the testing of a thermally simulated 32kW direct-drive gas-cooled reactor in the Early Flight Fission — Test Facility (EFF-TF) at Marshall Space Flight Center. The reactor design and test matrix are provided by Los Alamos National Laboratories. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS cooled reactors
KW  - ELECTRIC propulsion
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - BRAYTON cycle
KW  - SPACE flight propulsion systems
KW  - SPACE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12270691; Godfroy, Thomas J. 1,2; Email Address: Thomas.Godfroy@nasa.gov Kapernick, Richard J. 3 Bragg-Sitton, Shannon M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama  2: University of Michigan, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, Ann Arbor MI  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 699 Issue 1, p757; Subject Term: GAS cooled reactors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC propulsion; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: BRAYTON cycle; Subject Term: SPACE flight propulsion systems; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336415 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Propulsion Unit and Propulsion Unit Parts Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649640
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12270691&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seorig Huh, Mary F.
AU  - Hung-Ting Chen
AU  - Wiench, Jerzy W.
AU  - Pruski, Marek
AU  - Lin, Victor S.-Y.
T1  - Controlling the Selectivity of Competitive Nitroaldol Condensation by Using a Bifunctionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanosphere-Based Catalytic System.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1010
EP  - 1011
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Recent progress in functionalization of mesoporous silicas with catalytically active groups has highlighted the potential of utilizing these structurally uniform materials as a new generation of heterogeneous catalysts with high selectivity. Several previous studies' involved immobilization of single-site catalysts, such as transition metal complexes onto mesopore surfaces. However, in contrast to zeolite-based catalysts, which utilize the "shape/size selective cavity effect", the selectivity of mesoporous silica-based systems was mainly controlled by the intrinsic coordination environment of the heterogenized catalytic group.
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - ACIDS
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - SILICA
KW  - CONDENSATION
KW  - BASES (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12342888; Seorig Huh, Mary F. 1 Hung-Ting Chen 1 Wiench, Jerzy W. 1 Pruski, Marek 1 Lin, Victor S.-Y. 1; Email Address: vsylin@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 2/4/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p1010; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: ACIDS; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: CONDENSATION; Subject Term: BASES (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huaping Li
AU  - Bing Zhou
AU  - Yi Lin
AU  - Lingrong Gu, Frances L.
AU  - Wei Wang
AU  - Fernando, K. A. Shiral
AU  - Kumar, Satish
AU  - Allard, Lawrence F.
AU  - Va-Ping Sun, Lawrence F.
T1  - Selective Interactions of Porphyrins with Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1014
EP  - 1015
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) samples produced via various techniques are generally mixtures of metallic and semiconducting SWNTs, which correspond to different electrical conductivities and other related properties. These properties are important to a variety of technological applications of SWNTs including, for example, the electrical conductivity and charge dissipation in polymeric/carbon nanocomposites and thin films. The enrichment of metallic over semiconducting SWNTs or vice versa in a nanotube sample, toward a complete separation of the two different kinds of SWNTs, has attracted much recent attention.
KW  - CARBON
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - POLYMERIC composites
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 12342890; Huaping Li 1 Bing Zhou 1 Yi Lin 1 Lingrong Gu, Frances L. 1 Wei Wang 1 Fernando, K. A. Shiral 1 Kumar, Satish 1 Allard, Lawrence F. 2 Va-Ping Sun, Lawrence F. 1; Email Address: syaping@clemson.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973.  2: High-Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6062.; Source Info: 2/4/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p1014; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: POLYMERIC composites; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asthagiri, D.
AU  - Pratt, Lawrence A.
AU  - Paulaitis, Michael E.
AU  - Rempe, Susan B.
T1  - Hydration Structure and Free Energy of Biomolecularly Specific Aqueous Dications, Including Zn[sup2+] and First Transition Row Metals.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/02/04/
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1285
EP  - 1289
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The hydration of some of the alkaline earth divalent metal cations and first row transition metal cations is considered within the quasi-chemical theory of solutions. Quantum chemical calculations provide information on the chemically important interactions between the ion and its first-shell water molecules. A dielectric continuum model supplies the outer-shell contribution. The theory then provides the framework to mesh these quantities together. The agreement between the calculated and experimental quantities is good. For the transition metal cations, it is seen that the ligand field contributions play an important role in the physics of hydration. Removing these bonding contributions from the computed hydration free energy results in a linear decrease in the hydration free energy along the period. It is precisely such effects that molecular mechanics force fields have not captured. The implications and extensions of this study to metal atoms in proteins are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - WATER
N1  - Accession Number: 12342935; Asthagiri, D. 1 Pratt, Lawrence A. 1; Email Address: Irp@lanl.gov Paulaitis, Michael E. 2 Rempe, Susan B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218.  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 2/4/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p1285; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: WATER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kharzeev, D.
T1  - QCD and RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 44
EP  - 53
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this talk I discuss recent advances in Quantum Chromo-Dynamics, in particular the progress in understanding the collective dynamics of the theory. I emphasise the significance of the RHIC program for establishing the properties of hot and dense QCD matter and for understanding the dynamics of the theory at the high parton density, strong color field frontier. Hopes and expectations for the future are discussed as well. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361179; Kharzeev, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p44; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664196
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Womersley, John
T1  - Future Accelerators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 92
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - I describe the future accelerator facilities that are currently foreseen for electroweak scale physics, neutrino physics, and nuclear structure. I will explore the physics justification for these machines, and suggest how the case for future accelerators can be made. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION accelerators
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361173; Womersley, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p85; Subject Term: ION accelerators; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664202
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyd, S.
AU  - Adams, T.
AU  - Alton, A.
AU  - Avvakumov, S.
AU  - de Barbaro, L.
AU  - de Barbaro, P.
AU  - Bernstein, R.H.
AU  - Bodek, A.
AU  - Bolton, T.
AU  - Brau, J.
AU  - Buchholz, D.
AU  - Budd, H.
AU  - Bugel, L.
AU  - Conrad, J.
AU  - Drucker, R.B.
AU  - Fleming, B.T.
AU  - Formaggio, J.
AU  - Frey, R.
AU  - Goldman, J.
T1  - Cross Section Measurements and Charm Production in the NuTeV Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 99
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The NuTeV experiment at Fermilab obtained pure high statistics samples of neutrino and antineutrino interactions using its sign-selected beam. Preliminary inclusive charged current differential cross sections of neutrino and antineutrino interactions on iron are presented, along with preliminary measurements of F2(x, Q2) and xF3(x, Q2). Preliminary results from the next-to-leading order QCD analysis of deep inelastic charged current dimuon data are also shown. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO interactions
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361172; Boyd, S. 1 Adams, T. 2 Alton, A. 2 Avvakumov, S. 3 de Barbaro, L. 4 de Barbaro, P. 3 Bernstein, R.H. 5 Bodek, A. 3 Bolton, T. 2 Brau, J. 6 Buchholz, D. 4 Budd, H. 3 Bugel, L. 5 Conrad, J. 7 Drucker, R.B. 6 Fleming, B.T. 7 Formaggio, J. 7 Frey, R. 6 Goldman, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Pittsburgh, PA  2: Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS  3: University of Rochester, NY  4: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL  5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL  6: University of Oregon, Eugene, OR  7: Columbia University, New York; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: NEUTRINO interactions; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664203
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361172&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reimer, P.E.
AU  - Webb, J.C.
AU  - Awes, T.C.
AU  - Beddo, M.E.
AU  - Brooks, M.L.
AU  - Brown, C.N.
AU  - Bush, J.D.
AU  - Carey, T.A.
AU  - Chang, T.H.
AU  - Cooper, W.E.
AU  - Gagliardi, C.A.
AU  - Garvey, G.T.
AU  - Geesaman, D.F.
AU  - Hawker, E.A.
AU  - He, X.C.
AU  - Isenhower, L.D.
AU  - Kaplan, D.M.
AU  - Kaufman, S.B.
AU  - Kirk, P.N.
T1  - Measurement of the Absolute Drell-Yan Dimuon Cross Section in 800 GeV/c Proton-Proton and Proton-Deuterium Collisions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 100
EP  - 104
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Fermilab E866/NuSea Collaboration has measured the Drell-Yan dimuon cross sections in 800 GeV/c proton-proton and proton-deuterium collisions. This is the first measurement of the absolute Drell-Yan cross section in proton-proton collisions over a broad kinematic region and the most extensive study to date of the Drell-Yan cross section in proton-deuterium collisions. The Drell-Yan mechanism is sensitive to both the beam and target parton distributions. In particular, with the kinematics of the E866/NuSea data, the Drell-Yan mechanism is sensitive to the target antiquark distributions at low and intermediate Bjorken-x and to the beam quark distributions at high-x. Approximately 55K proton-proton and 121K proton-deuterium Drell-Yan events over the longitudinal momentum fraction (Feynman-x) range -0.05 < xF < 0.8 and the mass ranges 4.2 < Mμ+μ- < 8.7 GeV and 10.85 < M < 16.85 GeV are included. The data analysis will be described, and the doubly-differential M3d2σ/dMdxF, and triply-differential cross sections Ed3σ/dp3 will be presented. These results will be compared with previous measurements by E605 and E772 and to predictions based upon next-to-leading order calculations utilizing the MRST2001 and CTEQ6 global parton distribution function fits. The results indicate that recent global parton distribution fits provide a good description of the light antiquark sea in the nucleon over the Bjorken-x range 0.03 < x < 0.15. In contrast, the valence quark distributions appear to be overestimated by the current parton distribution fits as x → 1; a region in which, prior to this data, there was very little proton data to constrain the global fits. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTON-proton interactions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361171; Reimer, P.E. 1,2 Webb, J.C. 3 Awes, T.C. 4 Beddo, M.E. 3 Brooks, M.L. 1 Brown, C.N. 5 Bush, J.D. 6 Carey, T.A. 1 Chang, T.H. 3 Cooper, W.E. 5 Gagliardi, C.A. 7 Garvey, G.T. 1 Geesaman, D.F. 2 Hawker, E.A. 1,7 He, X.C. 8 Isenhower, L.D. 6 Kaplan, D.M. 9 Kaufman, S.B. 1 Kirk, P.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL  3: New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL  6: Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX  7: Texas A&M University, College Station, TX  8: Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA  9: Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p100; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTON-proton interactions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664204
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361171&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Elton S.
T1  - DVCS with CLAS.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 133
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Generalized parton distributions provide a unifying framework for the interpretation of exclusive reactions at high Q2. The most promising reaction for the investigation of these distributions is the hard production of photons using Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS). This reaction can be accessed experimentally by determining the production asymmetry using polarized electrons on a proton target. Pioneering experiments with CLAS and HERMES have produced the first measurements of this asymmetry. We will review the current experimental program to study DVCS at Jefferson Lab. Recent high statistics data taken with CLAS at 5.75 GeV allows us to determine this asymmetry at low -t in the valence region (xB=0.1–0.5) up to a Q2 of 4 GeV2/c2. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - COMPTON electrons
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361165; Smith, Elton S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p129; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: COMPTON electrons; Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664210
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361165&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bodek, A.
AU  - Budd, H.
AU  - Arrington, J.
T1  - Modeling Neutrino Quasielastic Cross Sections on Nucleons and Nuclei.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 148
EP  - 152
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We calculate the total and differential quasielastic cross sections for neutrino and antineutrino scattering on nucleons using up to date fits to the nucleon elastic electromagnetic form factors G[sub E][sup p], G[sub E][sup n], G[sub M][sup p], G[sub M][sup n], and GA and pseudoscalar form factors. We compare predictions of the cross sections for nucelons and nuclei to experimental data. (Presented by Arie Bodek at CIPANP2003, New York City, NY 2003) © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - ELASTIC cross sections
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361161; Bodek, A. 1 Budd, H. 1 Arrington, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Rochester, NY  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p148; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: ELASTIC cross sections; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664214
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361161&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kretzer, Stefan
AU  - Reno, Mary Hall
T1  - Neutrino Scattering in Perturbative QCD and Implications for the Weinberg Angle.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
EP  - 167
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We summarize a recent calculation of perturbative neutrino cross sections that includes NLO and mass corrections. We provide numerical results for quantities that are related to the extraction of the weak mixing angle from neutrino deep inelastic scattering. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NEUTRON cross sections
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361158; Kretzer, Stefan 1 Reno, Mary Hall 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department and RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, U.S.A.  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p165; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NEUTRON cross sections; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664217
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361158&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Gregory S.
T1  - Qweak: A Precision Measurement of the Proton’s Weak Charge.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
EP  - 175
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Qweak experiment at Jefferson Lab aims to make a 4% measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in elastic scattering at very low Q2 of a longitudinally polarized electron beam on a proton target. The experiment will measure the weak charge of the proton, and thus the weak mixing angle at low energy scale, providing a precision test of the Standard Model. Since the value of the weak mixing angle is approximately 1/4, the weak charge of the proton Q[sub w][sup p] = 1 ndash; 4 sin[sup 2] θ[sub w] is suppressed in the Standard Model, making it especially sensitive to the value of the mixing angle and also to possible new physics. The experiment is approved to run at JLab, and the construction plan calls for the hardware to be ready to install in Hall C in 2007. The experiment will be a 2200 hour measurement, employing: an 80% polarized, 180 μA, 1.2 GeV electron beam; a 35 cm liquid hydrogen target; and a toroidal magnet to focus electrons scattered at 9°, a small forward angle corresponding to Q2 = 0.03 (GeV/c)2. With these kinematics the systematic uncertainties from hadronic processes are strongly suppressed. To obtain the necessary statistics the experiment must run at an event rate of over 6 GHz. This requires current mode detection of the scattered electrons, which will be achieved with synthetic quartz Cˇerenkov detectors. A tracking system will be used in a low-rate counting mode to determine average Q2 and the dilution factor of background events. The theoretical context of the experiment and the status of its design are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361156; Mitchell, Gregory S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p172; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664219
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361156&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semertzidis, Y.K.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Auzinsh, M.
AU  - Balakin, V.
AU  - Bazhan, A.
AU  - Bennett, G.W.
AU  - Carey, R.M.
AU  - Cushman, P.
AU  - Debevec, P.T.
AU  - Dudnikov, A.
AU  - Farley, F.J.M.
AU  - Hertzog, D.W.
AU  - Iwasaki, M.
AU  - Jungmann, K.
AU  - Kawall, D.
AU  - Khazin, B.
AU  - Khriplovich, I.B.
AU  - Kirk, B.
AU  - Kuno, Y.
T1  - A New Method For A Sensitive Deuteron EDM Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
EP  - 204
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this paper a new method is presented for particles in storage rings which could reach a statistical sensitivity of 10-27 e·cm for the deuteron EDM. This implies an improvement of two orders of magnitude over the present best limits on the T-odd nuclear forces ξ parameter. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - DEUTERONS
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361149; Semertzidis, Y.K. 1 Aoki, M. 2 Auzinsh, M. 3 Balakin, V. 4 Bazhan, A. 4 Bennett, G.W. 1 Carey, R.M. 5 Cushman, P. 6 Debevec, P.T. 7 Dudnikov, A. 4 Farley, F.J.M. 8 Hertzog, D.W. 9 Iwasaki, M. 10 Jungmann, K. 11 Kawall, D. 8 Khazin, B. 4 Khriplovich, I.B. 4 Kirk, B. 1 Kuno, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: Osaka University, Japan  3: University of Latvia  4: BINP, Novosibirsk  5: Boston University  6: University of Minnesota  7: Newman Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca  8: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven  9: University of Illinois, at Urbana-Champaign  10: RIKEN, Japan  11: Kernfysisch Versneller Institut, Groningen; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p200; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: DEUTERONS; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664226
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361149&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mu-Chun Chen
AU  - Mahanthappa, K.T.
T1  - Symmetric Textures in SO(10) and LMA Solution for Solar Neutrinos.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
EP  - 225
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A model based on SUSY SO(10) combined with SU(2) family symmetry is constructed. In contrast with the commonly used effective operator approach, 126-dimensional Higgs fields are utilized to construct the Yukawa sector. R-parity symmetry is thus preserved at low energies. The symmetric mass textures arising from the left-right symmetry breaking chain of SO(10) give rise to very good predictions for quark and lepton masses and mixings. The prediction for sin 2β agrees with the average of current bounds from BaBar and Belle. In the neutrino sector, our predictions are in good agreement with results from atmospheric neutrino experiments. Our model accommodates the LMA solution to the solar neutrino anomaly. The prediction of our model for the |Uev3| element in the MNS matrix is close to the sensitivity of current experiments; thus the validity of our model can be tested in the near future. We also investigate the correlation between the |Uev3| element and tan2 θ⊙ in a general two-zero neutrino mass texture. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361145; Mu-Chun Chen 1 Mahanthappa, K.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: HET Group, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY  2: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p222; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664230
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361145&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lauss, Bernhard
T1  - Muon Lifetime and Muon Capture.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 230
EP  - 233
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present an introduction to the MuLAN and MuCAP experiments at PSI, which aim at high precision determinations of two fundamental Weak Interactions parameters: the Fermi constant GF and the induced pseudoscalar form factor gp, respectively. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361143; Lauss, Bernhard 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California at Berkeley, Physics Department, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p230; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664232
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361143&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aoki, Yasumichi
T1  - Hadronic matrix elements of proton decay on the lattice.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 246
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report on our on-going project to calculate proton decay matrix elements using domain-wall fermions on the lattice. By summarizing the history of the proton decay calculation on the lattice, we reveal the systematic errors of those calculations. Then we discuss our approach to tackle those uncertainties and show our preliminary results on the matrix elements. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361140; Aoki, Yasumichi 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p243; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664235
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361140&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Noaki, J.
T1  - Calculation of CP Violation in Non-leptonic Kaon Decay on the Lattice.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 250
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We give a progress report of our lattice calculation of direct and indirect CP violation in kaon decays, parametrized as [variant_greek_epsilon]′/[variant_greek_epsilon] and BK, which require non-perturbative calculation of the matrix elements of the Standard Model effective Hamiltonian. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KAONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361139; Noaki, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p247; Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664236
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361139&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berger, B.E.
T1  - First Results from KamLAND.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 258
EP  - 264
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The KamLAND collaboration recently published the first evidence for reactor antineutrino disappearance. The measured ratio of observed inverse β-decay events to the number expected from standard assumptions about ve propagation is 0.611±0.085(stat)±0.041(syst). Fewer ve’s were seen than expected at the 99.95% confidence level. In the context of two-flavor neutrino oscillations and CPT invariance, this measurement rules out all but the LMA region of solar neutrino oscillation parameter space. I summarize these first results and discuss the prospects for future oscillation measurements at KamLAND. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361137; Berger, B.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p258; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664238
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361137&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heeger, Karsten M.
AU  - Freedman, Stuart J.
AU  - Luk, K.-B.
T1  - The Future of Reactor Neutrino Experiments A Novel Approach to Measuring θ13.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
EP  - 306
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Results from non-accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments have provided evidence for the oscillation of massive neutrinos. The subdominant oscillation, the coupling of the electron neutrino flavor to the third mass eigenstate, has not been measured yet. The size of this coupling Ue3 and its corresponding mixing angle θ13 are critical for CP violation searches in the lepton sector and will define the future of accelerator neutrino physics. The current best limit on Ue3 comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino disappearance experiment. In this talk we review proposals for future measurements of θ13 with reactor antineutrinos. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361128; Heeger, Karsten M. 1 Freedman, Stuart J. 1,2 Luk, K.-B. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: University of California at Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p303; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664247
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361128&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parsa, Zohreh
T1  - Physics of an Intense Neutrino Beam from BNL to a Very Long Baseline Detector.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 313
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An intense neutrino facility allows probing of the neutrino mixing angles, mass hierarchy, and leptonic CP violation. Physics potential, for making precision measurements of all neutrino oscillation parameters (θij, Δm[sub ij][sup 2], δ) using a wide band νμ beam, to a (very long baseline) detector is presented. Potential of a Neutrino beam from Brookhaven National Laboratory to a 2540 km baseline (with 0.5 megaton) detector at Homestake Mine in South Dakota, is (under study by our neutrino working group) discussed. Schemaics of the beam facility for the AGS upgrade to 1 MW with a cycle time of 2.5 and 1014 protons on target at 28 GeV; and a map with possible detector sites are also included. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361127; Parsa, Zohreh 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Dept., Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p307; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664248
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361127&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berger, B.E.
AU  - Fleming, B.T.
T1  - Neutrinos Parallel Session—A Summary.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 314
EP  - 320
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We summarize the presentations on neutrino research made during the Neutrinos parallel sessions at CIPANP2003. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NUCLEAR research
KW  - NUCLEAR science
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361126; Berger, B.E. 1 Fleming, B.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p314; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; Subject Term: NUCLEAR science; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664249
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361126&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenberg, Leslie J.
T1  - ADMX Dark-Matter Axion Search.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 332
EP  - 340
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The axion, a hypothetical elementary particle, emerged from a compelling solution to the Strong-CP Problem in QCD. Subsequently, the axion was recognized to be a good Cold Dark Matter candidate. Although dark-matter axions have only feeble couplings to matter and radiation, these axions may be detected through resonant conversion of axions into microwave photons in a high-Q cavity threaded by a strong static magnetic field. This technique is at present the only means whereby dark-matter axions with plausible couplings may be detected at the required sensitivity. This talk describes recent results from the Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX), now the world’s most sensitive search for axions. There will also be a short overview of the ADMX upgrade, which promises sensitivity to even the more feebly coupled dark matter axions even should they make up only a minority fraction of the local dark matter halo. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AXIONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361123; Rosenberg, Leslie J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p332; Subject Term: AXIONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664252
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361123&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coldhaber, Maurice
T1  - Can An Amended Standard Model Account For Cold Dark Matter?
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 390
EP  - 392
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - It is generally believed that one has to invoke theories beyond the Standard Model to account for cold dark matter particles. However, there may be undiscovered universal interactions that, if added to the Standard Model, would lead to new members of the three generations of elementary fermions that might be candidates for cold dark matter particles. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361111; Coldhaber, Maurice 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p390; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664264
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361111&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohta, Shigemi
T1  - Nucleon Axial Charge from Quenched Lattice QCD with Domain Wall Fermions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 398
EP  - 402
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The chiral symmetry of domain wall fermions makes the calculation of the nucleon axial charge particularly easy since the Ward-Takahashi identity requires the vector and axial-vector currents to have the same renormalization, up to lattice spacing errors of order O(a2). The DBW2 gauge action provides enhancement of the good chiral symmetry properties of domain wall fermions at larger lattice spacing than the conventional Wilson gauge action. Taking advantage of these methods and performing a high statistics simulation, we find a significant finite volume effect between the nucleon axial charges calculated on lattices with (1.2 fm)3 and (2.4 fm)3 volumes (a ≈ 0.15 fm). On the large volume we find gA = 1.212 ± 0.027(stat) ± 0.024(norm). The quoted systematic error is the dominant one, corresponding to current renormalization. This theoretical first principles calculation, which does not yet include isospin breaking effects, yields a value of gA only a little bit below the experimental one, 1.2670 ± 0.0030. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR science
N1  - Accession Number: 12361109; Ohta, Shigemi 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p398; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR science; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664266
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361109&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
T1  - A DK Molecule or other 4q model for the Dsπ resonance at 2.32 GeV.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
EP  - 496
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The recent reported charmed-strange resonance at 2.32 GeV/c suggests a possible multiquark state. Three types of multiquark bound states are reviewed. A previous model-independent variational approach considers a tetraquark with two heavy antiquarks and two light quarks as a heavy antidiquark with the color field of a quark bound to the two light quarks with a wave function like that of a heavy baryon. Results indicate that a charmed-strange tetraquark csud or a bottom-strange tetraquark bsud with this “baryionium-type” wave function is not bound, in contrast to “molecular-type” D - K and B - K wave functions. However, a charmed-bottom tetraquark cbud might be bound with a very narrow weak decay mode. A “molecular-type” D - B state can have an interesting Bcπ decay with a high energy pion, © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - BOUND states (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361090; Lipkin, Harry J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Particle Physics Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p493; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: BOUND states (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664285
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361090&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gottschalk, Erik E.
T1  - Photoproduction of Charm Pairs.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 507
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A large sample of events containing fully and partially reconstructed pairs of charmed D mesons has been studied by the Fermilab photoproduction experiment FOCUS (FNAL-E831). Correlations between photoproduced D and D mesons are used to study heavy quark production dynamics. Correlation results are presented for fully and partially reconstructed pairs of charmed D mesons. The results are compared to Monte Carlo predictions based on a recent version of PYTHIA with default settings. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - PHOTONUCLEAR reactions
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361088; Gottschalk, Erik E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p503; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: PHOTONUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664287
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361088&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Page, Philip R.
T1  - Large-Nc selection rules for decay of JPC exotic hybrid mesons.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
EP  - 516
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The coupling of a neutral hybrid {1, 3, 5 ...}-+ exotic particle (or current) to two neutral (hybrid) meson particles with the same JPC and J = 0 is proved to be sub-leading to the usual large-Nc QCD counting. The coupling of the same exotic particle to certain two — (hybrid) meson currents with the same JPC and J = 0 is also sub-leading. The decay of a {1, 3, 5 ...}-+ hybrid to ηπ0, η′π0, η′η, η(1295)π0, π(1300)0π0, η(1440)π0, a0(980)0σ or f0(980)σ is sub-leading, assuming that these final state particles are (hybrid) mesons in the limit of large Nc. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361086; Page, Philip R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p513; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664289
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361086&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kretzer, Stefan
T1  - Fragmentation Functions and Implications for Spin Physics.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 603
EP  - 606
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The present status of fragmentation function (FF) analysis is summarized and the role of FFs in QCD hard scattering phenomenology is outlined with emphasis on spin physics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - NUCLEAR fragmentation
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361066; Kretzer, Stefan 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department and RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p603; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fragmentation; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664309
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361066&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasuko, Kazumi
AU  - Perdekamp, Matthias Grosse
AU  - Ogawa, Akio
AU  - Lange, Jens Söeren
AU  - Siegle, Viktor
T1  - Future Measurements of Spin Dependent Fragmentation Functions in e+e- Annihilation at Belle.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 628
EP  - 631
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In unpolarized electron-positron annihilation, there may exist interesting and possibly non-zero azimuthal asymmetries, which measure novel chiral-odd fragmentation functions, such as the Collins-Heppelmann function, H[sub 1][sup ⊥], and the two-pion interference fragmentation function, δq⁁h. We will present the experimental method to extract these functions using e+e- collision data from the Belle experiment at KEK B-factory (KEKB). In addition to the considerable interest in the properties of these new fragmentation functions, they are expected to be a powerful tool in accessing proton quark transversity distributions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-positron interactions
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
KW  - PIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR fragmentation
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361060; Hasuko, Kazumi 1,2 Perdekamp, Matthias Grosse 1 Ogawa, Akio 1,3 Lange, Jens Söeren 1,4 Siegle, Viktor 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Upton, USA  2: RIKEN, Wako, Japan  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA  4: University of Frankfurt, Germany; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p628; Subject Term: ELECTRON-positron interactions; Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fragmentation; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664315
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361060&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mukherjee, A.
AU  - Stratmann, M.
AU  - Vogelsang, W.
T1  - Double-transverse spin asymmetries at NLO.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 636
EP  - 638
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report on a next-to-leading order QCD calculation of the cross section and the spin asymmetry for isolated large-pT prompt photon production in collisions of transversely polarized protons. Corresponding measurements may be used at RHIC to determine the transversity parton distributions of the proton. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361058; Mukherjee, A. 1 Stratmann, M. 2 Vogelsang, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Physik, Universität Dortmund, Germany  2: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg, Germany  3: RIKEN-BNL Research Center and Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p636; Subject Term: CROSS sections (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664317
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361058&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bravar, A.
AU  - Alekseev, I.
AU  - Ahrens, L.
AU  - Bai, M.
AU  - Bunce, G.
AU  - Dhawan, S.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Hughes, V.
AU  - Igo, G.
AU  - Jinnouchi, O.
AU  - Kurita, K.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - MacKay, W.W.
AU  - Rescia, S.
AU  - Roser, T.
AU  - Saito, N.
AU  - Spinka, H.
AU  - Svirida, D.
AU  - Underwood, S.
T1  - Spin Dependence in Polarized pC → pC Scattering at Low Momentum Transfer and Polarimetry at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
EP  - 646
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Preliminary results from the ’03 RHIC Proton Spin Run on the spin dependence in the elastic scatterring of polarized protons off a carbon target at very low momentum transfer (0.005 < |t| < 0.05 GeV2/c2) are presented and discussed. Proton polarimeters based on this process are used in RHIC and AGS to measure reliably and in very short times the polarization of the proton beams. Polarimetry results from the just completed RHIC polarized proton run are also presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361056; Bravar, A. 1 Alekseev, I. 2 Ahrens, L. 1 Bai, M. 1 Bunce, G. 1,3 Dhawan, S. 4 Huang, H. 1 Hughes, V. 4 Igo, G. 5 Jinnouchi, O. 3 Kurita, K. 3,6 Li, Z. 1 MacKay, W.W. 1 Rescia, S. 1 Roser, T. 1 Saito, N. 3,7 Spinka, H. 8 Svirida, D. 2 Underwood, S. 8; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  2: Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia  3: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Utpon, NY, USA  4: Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA  5: UCLA, Losa Angeles, CA, USA  6: Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan  7: Kyoto University, Japan  8: Argonne National Laboratory, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p643; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664319
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361056&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ming Xiong Liu, Delia
T1  - A Study of Heavy Quark and Quarkonium Production in Polarized p-p collisions at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 647
EP  - 650
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - At RHIC, heavy quark production is sensitive to the gluon distribution inside the proton. The expected integrated luminosity of 3pb-1 from this year’s first longitudinally polarized proton beams will provide an opportunity to study the helicity dependent heavy-quark and quarkonium production. This could lead to direct measurement of the gluon polarization in the polarized proton. I discuss the experimental sensitivity of such measurements with the PHENIX detector. New ideas to explore physics beyond the standard model with heavy quarks in the future high energy polarized p-p collisions are also discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361055; Ming Xiong Liu, Delia 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p647; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664320
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361055&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiaodong Jiang, Matthias Grosse
AU  - Day, Donal B.
AU  - Jones, Mark K.
T1  - Flavor Decomposition of Nucleon Spin Structure: A Proposed Experiment at Jefferson Lab Hall C.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 655
EP  - 658
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We propose to measure the semi-inclusive double-spin asymmetries in deep-inelastic pvector (evector ,e′h)X and dvector (evector ,e′h)X reactions (h = π+, π-, K+ and K-) on longitudinally polarized NH3 and LiD targets. The high statistic data will allow a leading order five-flavor decomposition (Δu, Δd, Δū, Δd, Δs = Δs) of the nucleon spin structure in the region of x = 0.12 ∼ 0.43 at a Q2 of 1.21 ∼ 3.22 GeV2. The combined spin dependent π+ + π- yield ratios will be measured, since the acceptance and the hadron efficiencies of the detectors can be accurately determined. Independent of fragmentation functions and parton distributions, the z-dependence (z = 0.38 ∼ 0.71) of the combined ratios provides a build-in test of factorization at the moderate Q2. We estimate statistical uncertainties associated with such measurements. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361053; Xiaodong Jiang, Matthias Grosse 1 Day, Donal B. 2 Jones, Mark K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Jersey  2: Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Virginia  3: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p655; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664322
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361053&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jacobs, Peter
AU  - Klay, Jennifer
T1  - Jets and high pT hadrons in dense matter: recent results from STAR.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
EP  - 672
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We review recent measurements of high transverse momentum (high pT) hadron production in nuclear collisions by the STAR Collaboration at RHIC. The previously observed suppression in central Au+Au collisions has been extended to much higher pT. New measurements from d+Au collisions are presented which help disentangle the mechanisms responsible for the suppression. Inclusive single hadron spectra are enhanced in d+Au relative to p+p, while two-particle azimuthal distributions are observed to be similar in p+p, d+Au and peripheral Au+Au collisions. The large suppression of inclusive hadron production and absence of the away-side jet-like correlations in central Au+Au collisions are shown to be due to interactions of the jets with the very dense medium produced in these collisions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361051; Jacobs, Peter 1 Klay, Jennifer 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p667; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664324
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361051&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Baker, M.D.
AU  - Ballintijn, M.
AU  - Barton, D.S.
AU  - Becker, B.
AU  - Betts, R.R.
AU  - Bickley, A.A.
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Budzanowski, A.
AU  - Busza, W.
AU  - Carroll, A.
AU  - Decowski, M.P.
AU  - García, E.
AU  - Gburek, T.
AU  - George, N.
AU  - Gulbrandsen, K.
AU  - Gushue, S.
AU  - Halliwell, C.
AU  - Hamblen, J.
T1  - First results on d+Au collisions from PHOBOS.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 679
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have  measured transverse distributions of charged hadrons produced in d+Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV, in the range 0.25 < pT < 6.0 GeV/c. With increasing collision centrality, the yield at high transverse momenta increases more rapidly than the overall particle density, leading to a strong modification of the spectral shape. This change in spectral shape is qualitatively different from observations in Au+Au collisions at the same energy. The results provide important information for discriminating between different models for the suppression of high-pT hadrons observed in Au+Au collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOMENTUM distributions
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361049; Back, B.B. 1 Baker, M.D. 2 Ballintijn, M. 3 Barton, D.S. 2 Becker, B. 2 Betts, R.R. 4 Bickley, A.A. 5 Bindel, R. 5 Budzanowski, A. 6 Busza, W. 3 Carroll, A. 2 Decowski, M.P. 3 García, E. 4 Gburek, T. 6 George, N. 1,2 Gulbrandsen, K. 3 Gushue, S. 2 Halliwell, C. 4 Hamblen, J.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA  4: University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA  5: University of Maryland, MD, USA  6: Institute of Rochester, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p677; Subject Term: MOMENTUM distributions; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664326
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361049&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steinberg, Peter
T1  - Dynamics of Soft Particle Production in Heavy Ion Collisions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 680
EP  - 684
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The essential features of soft particle production data are discussed in the context of saturation models, hydrodynamical calculations, and empirical scaling rules. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361048; Steinberg, Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p680; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664327
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361048&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Debbe, R.
T1  - Particle production at RHIC energies.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 690
EP  - 693
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper presents recent results from the BRAHMS experiment at RHIC; including results on particle production in rapidity space extending from y=0 to y ∼ 3 and on the transverse momentum distribution of fully identified charged particles. These results were obtained from the 5% most central Au-au collisions recorded during RHIC Run-2 at √sNN = 200 GeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361046; Debbe, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Dept. Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p690; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664329
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361046&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, A.
T1  - Elliptic Flow from Au+Au Collisions at [formula].
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 701
EP  - 703
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper presents results of elliptic flow measurements at moderate high transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions using the STAR detector at RHIC. Sizable v2 is found up to 7 GeV/c in transverse momentum. Non-flow effects are discussed comparing correlations in p+p collisions and Au+Au collisions. v2 from two-, four- and six-particle cumulant are shown and discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361043; Tang, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA & The National Institute for Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics, Netherlands; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p701; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664332
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361043&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silvermyr, D.
T1  - J/Ψ and Open Charm Measurements at RHIC/PHENIX.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 709
EP  - 712
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - PHENIX has measured inclusive single electron spectra at midrapidity at Au-Au collisions at √SNN = 130 and 200 GeV. PHENIX has also studied J/ψ production at xF = 0 via electrons and at forward and backward xF via muons for p-p, d-au and Au-Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV. An overview of some of the obtained results are presented here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361041; Silvermyr, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p709; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664334
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361041&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heuser, J.M.
AU  - Arnaldi, R.
AU  - Banicz, K.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Buytaert, J.
AU  - Castor, J.
AU  - Chaurand, B.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Cheynis, B.
AU  - Cicalo, C.
AU  - Colla, A.
AU  - Cortese, P.
AU  - David, A.
AU  - de Falco, A.
AU  - de Marco, N.
AU  - Devaux, A.
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Ducroux, L.
AU  - En'yo, H.
T1  - The NA60 Experiment: Results and Perspectives.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 713
EP  - 717
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The NA60 experiment takes place at the SPS at CERN, to study the production of open charm and prompt dimuons in collisions induced by proton and heavy ion beams on nuclear targets. For this task, several novel detector systems were added to the dimuon spectrometer and zero-degree calorimeter, which were previously used in the NA50 experiment. The main upgrade is a new silicon pixel vertex spectrometer. It tracks the charged particles that are produced through the collisions in the target and allows us to match their trajectories and momenta with those of the muons that are measured behind the hadron absorber in the muon spectrometer. Besides improving considerably the dimuon mass resolution, the vertex telescope measures the offset of each muon track with respect to the interaction point. This allows us to select events where charm mesons were produced. We present in this article first results from dimuon data that were acquired in Summer 2002 with a 400 GeV proton beam. A silicon microstrip telescope was used at that time, since only a part of the pixel telescope was completed. The results include an improved dimuon mass resolution and an extended phase space coverage when compared with previous experiments. Data from Pb-Pb collisions at 20 and 30 GeV per nucleon were collected in October 2002 with three planes of pixel detectors. We show the very good accuracy with which we could reconstruct the interaction vertex. We conclude with a reminder of our physics programme and the ongoing completion of the pixel detector telescope for the Indium-Indium run at 158 GeV per nucleon, scheduled for September and October 2003. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361040; Heuser, J.M. 1; Email Address: Johann.Heuser@cern.ch Arnaldi, R. 2 Banicz, K. 3 Borer, K. 4 Buytaert, J. 5 Castor, J. 6 Chaurand, B. 7 Chen, W. 8 Cheynis, B. 8 Cicalo, C. 9 Colla, A. 2 Cortese, P. 2 David, A. 10 de Falco, A. 9 de Marco, N. 2 Devaux, A. 5 Drees, A. 11 Ducroux, L. 8 En'yo, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN - The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan  2: University of Turin and INFN, Turin, Italy  3: CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland  4: University of Bern, Switzerland  5: Université Blaise Pascal and CNRS-IN2P3, France  6: LLR, Ecole Polytechnique and CNRS-IN2P3, France  7: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA  8: Université Claude Bernard Lyon-I and CNRS-IN2P2, France  9: University of Cagliari and INFN, Italy  10: Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal  11: State University of New York at Stony Brook, New York, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p713; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664335
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361040&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jalilian-Marian, Jamal
T1  - The dA Collisions at Forward Rapidities at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 725
EP  - 728
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We discuss the Color Glass Condensate model of high energy heavy ion collisions and argue that measuring particles at very forward rapidities in proton (deuteron)-nucleus collisions provides the best chance at RHIC to probe the Color Glass Condensate. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DEUTERONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361037; Jalilian-Marian, Jamal 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p725; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DEUTERONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664338
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361037&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, M.L.
AU  - Hardtke, D.H.
T1  - Charged Particle Jet Studies in [formula] p+p, d+Au, and Au+Au Collisions at RHIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 729
EP  - 731
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Angular correlations for high transverse momentum (p⊥) hadrons have been measured to study the fate of back-to-back jets in p+p, d+Au, and Au+Au collisions. We find no suppression of back-to-back jets in central d+Au collisions, thus implying that the large suppression of back-to-back jets in central Au+Au collisions is due to interaction of the hard scattered partons with the medium. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361036; Miller, M.L. 1 Hardtke, D.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p729; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664339
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361036&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chujo, Tatsuya
T1  - Particle Composition at High pT in Au+Au Collisions at [formula].
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 732
EP  - 734
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report the recent results of proton and anti-proton yields as a function of centrality and pT in  Au+Au collisions at √/S = 200 GeV, measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. In central collisions at intermediate transverse momenta (1.5 < pT < 4.5 GeV/c) a significant fraction of all produced particles is protons and anti-protons. They show a different scaling behavior from that of pions. The p/π and p/π ratios are enhanced compared to peripheral Au+Au, p+p and e+e- collisions. This enhancement is limited to pT < 5 GeV/c as deduced from the ratio of charged hadrons to π0 measured in the range 1.5 < pT < 9 GeV/c. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PIONS
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361035; Chujo, Tatsuya 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p732; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664340
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361035&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagle, J.L.
AU  - Hallman, T.
T1  - Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics 2003: Relativistic Heavy Ion Parallel Session Summary.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
EP  - 748
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) came online in 2000, and the last three years have provided a wealth of new experimental data and theoretical work in this new energy frontier for nuclear physics. The transition from quarks and gluons bound into hadrons to a deconfined quark-gluon plasma is expected to occur at these energies, and the effort to understand the time evolution of these complex systems has been significantly advanced. The heavy ion parallel session talks from the Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics (CIPANP) 2003 are posted at: “http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/WWW/publish/nagle/CIPANP/”. We provide a brief summary of these sessions here. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361034; Nagle, J.L. 1 Hallman, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Colorado Boulder  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p735; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664341
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361034&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hogan, Gary E.
AU  - Borozdin, Konstantin N.
AU  - Gomez, John
AU  - Morris, Christopher
AU  - Priedhorsky, William C.
AU  - Saunders, Alexander
AU  - Schultz, Larry J.
AU  - Teasdale, Margaret E.
T1  - Detection of High-Z Objects using Multiple Scattering of Cosmic Ray Muons.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
EP  - 758
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Detection of high-Z material hidden inside a large volume of ordinary cargo is an important and timely task given the danger associated with illegal transport of uranium and heavier elements. Existing radiography techniques are inefficient for shielded material, often expensive and involve radiation hazards, real and perceived. We recently demonstrated that radiographs can be formed using cosmic-ray muons. Here, we show that compact, high-Z objects can be detected and located in 3 dimensions with muon radiography. The natural flux of cosmic-ray muons, approximately 10,000 m-2min-1, can generate a reliable detection signal in a fraction of a minute, using large-area muon detectors as used in particle and nuclear physics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - MUONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361030; Hogan, Gary E. 1 Borozdin, Konstantin N. 1 Gomez, John 1 Morris, Christopher 1 Priedhorsky, William C. 1 Saunders, Alexander 1 Schultz, Larry J. 1 Teasdale, Margaret E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p755; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664345
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361030&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hahn, Richard L.
T1  - LENS — the Low-Energy Neutrino Spectrometer.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
EP  - 770
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Despite the recent successes of SNO and KamLAND, the only detectors sensitive to <1 MeV-neutrinos have been the radiochemical chlorine and gallium solar neutrino experiments. LENS is being developed to measure in real time the charge-current fluxes and energy spectra of the lowest energy solar neutrinos, from the pp and 7Be branches (91% and 7% of solar neutrinos). The detector medium will be a metal-loaded liquid scintillator (M-LS), with indium as the metal, which serves as the target for neutrino capture in the LS. 115In has 95.71% natural abundance and a 114.2-keV neutrino-capture Q-value. Neutrino capture in 115In produces a β particle and preferentially feeds an excited state of 115Sn that de-excites by delayed emission of two γ rays. This triple-coincidence “tag” in time and space in principle is a very powerful tool to discriminate neutrino-capture events from backgrounds. The International LENS R&D Collaboration is working to develop an In-LS neutrino detector, with special properties, such as high indium content, high light yield, high optical transparency, long-term chemical stability, and good signal-to-background ratio. Success in preparing the In-LS has been achieved via the synthesis of In-carboxylates that are soluble in pseudocumene LS (note that these methods may also be applicable to the preparation of Gd-LS for reactor antineutrino experiments). Testing of some prototype LENS In-LS detector modules has begun recently at the Gran Sasso Laboratory. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SOLAR neutrinos
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CHLORINE
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361027; Hahn, Richard L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p767; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SOLAR neutrinos; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CHLORINE; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325181 Alkali and chlorine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664348
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361027&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kistenev, Edouard
T1  - Particle Identification in the PHENIX Experiment at RHIC (present and future).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
EP  - 784
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, BNL is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. The charged particle identification is currently provided for kaons and pions to a momentum of 2.4 GeV/c and protons to 5 GeV/c. These limits would be greatly extended by the now under construction Aerogel Threshold Cherenkov detector (refractive index n=1.012). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - KAONS
KW  - PIONS
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12361025; Kistenev, Edouard 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p775; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664350
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361025&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geesaman, Donald F.
T1  - Progress on the Concept and Design of the Rare Isotope Accelerator.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 801
EP  - 805
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Rare Isotope Accelerator is a bold initiative for the U.S. nuclear science community that promises to revolutionize studies of nuclei far from stability. In this talk, a perspective on the role of RIA in enabling major progress in nuclear structure and nuclear reaction research and some important recent steps in technical progress for RIA are reviewed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR science
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12361020; Geesaman, Donald F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1, p801; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR science; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664355
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12361020&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Massoudi, M.
AU  - Maneschy, C.E.
T1  - Numerical solution to the flow of a second grade fluid over a stretching sheet using the method of quasi-linearization
JO  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
JF  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 149
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
SN  - 00963003
AB  - In this short work we look at the flow of a second grade fluid due to a stretching sheet coinciding with the plane <f>y=0</f>. Two equal and opposite forces are applied along the <f>x</f>-axis (horizontal plane) in such a way that the origin remains fixed and the velocity of stretching is proportional to the distance from the origin. This problem was studied by Rajagopal et al. [Rheol. Acta 23 (1984) 213; Meccanica 19 (1984) 158] where a perturbation scheme was used to obtain the solution. Using the same similarity transformation given by Rajagopal et al., we solve the full equation numerically, using the method of quasi-linearization of Bellman and Kalaba [Quasilinearization and Non-Linear Boundary Value Problems, American Elsevier, New York, 1965]. Results will be given for the velocity distribution and the shear stress at the wall. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematics & Computation is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - SHEAR flow
N1  - Accession Number: 11732538; Massoudi, M. 1; Email Address: massoudi@netl.doe.gov Maneschy, C.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236-0940, USA  2: Mechanical Engineering Department, CT- Universidade Federal do Para, 01 66075-900 Belem, PA, Brazil; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 149 Issue 1, p165; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: SHEAR flow; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0096-3003(02)00963-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11732538&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gnaeupel-Herold, Thomas
AU  - Prask, Henry J.
AU  - Fields, Richard J.
AU  - Foecke, Timothy J.
AU  - Xia, Z. Cedric
AU  - Lienert, Ulrich
T1  - A synchrotron study of residual stresses in a Al6022 deep drawn cup
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/02/05/
VL  - 366
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Fueled by pressures to reduce scrap and tooling costs, the modeling and prediction of springback has become a major focus of interest in sheet metal forming. Finite element codes and packages are being developed or improved but face the demand for higher predictive accuracy which, in turn, requires accurate property data and a more complete understanding of the stresses that are responsible for the elastic part of the springback. In order to provide experimental data for these calculations, synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements were carried out in order to determine the through-thickness distribution of axial and tangential residual stresses in an Al6022 deep drawn cup. The technique is able to provide true spatial resolutions of 0.05 mm for a strain measurement on a cup with 0.92 mm wall thickness. It is found that both axial and tangential stresses exhibit non-linear gradients through thickness and both exhibit a pronounced dependency on the axial position. The springback measured on a split ring cut from the cup agrees within 3% accuracy with the value predicted from the average of measured through-thickness stresses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Sheet metal forming
KW  - Springback
KW  - Stress
KW  - Synchrotron
N1  - Accession Number: 11607029; Gnaeupel-Herold, Thomas 1,2; Email Address: tg-h@nist.gov Prask, Henry J. 2 Fields, Richard J. 3 Foecke, Timothy J. 3 Xia, Z. Cedric 4 Lienert, Ulrich 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials and Nuclear Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2115, USA  2: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  3: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Metallurgy Division, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  4: FORD Scientific Research Laboratory, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA  5: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 366 Issue 1, p104; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sheet metal forming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Springback; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.059
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11607029&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sugata, Kazunori
AU  - Nakamura, Motoyoshi
AU  - Ueki, Shoji
AU  - Fajer, Peter G.
AU  - Arata, Toshiaki
T1  - ESR reveals the mobility of the neck linker in dimeric kinesin
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 314
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - Conventional kinesin is a highly processive motor that converts the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis into the unidirectional motility along microtubules. The processivity is thought to depend on the coordination between ATPase cycles of two motor domains and their neck linkers. Here we have used site-directed spin labeling electron spin resonance (SDSL-ESR) to determine the conformation of the neck linker in kinesin dimer in the presence and absence of microtubules. The spectra show that the neck linkers co-exist in both docked and disordered conformations, which is consistent with the results of monomeric kinesin [Nat. Struct. Biol. 9 (2002) 844]. In all nucleotide states, however, the neck linkers are well ordered when dimeric kinesin is bound to the microtubule. This result suggests that the orientation of each neck linker that is fixed rigidly controls the kinesin motion along microtubule tracks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KINESIN
KW  - MICROTUBULES
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphatase
KW  - PHOSPHATASES
KW  - Electron spin resonance
KW  - Kinesin
KW  - Microtubule
KW  - Spin labels
N1  - Accession Number: 11960313; Sugata, Kazunori 1; Email Address: sugata3@bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp Nakamura, Motoyoshi 1 Ueki, Shoji 1 Fajer, Peter G. 2 Arata, Toshiaki 1; Email Address: arata@bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 314 Issue 2, p447; Subject Term: KINESIN; Subject Term: MICROTUBULES; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphatase; Subject Term: PHOSPHATASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron spin resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinesin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microtubule; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin labels; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.093
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaika, Elena I.
AU  - Perlow, Rebecca A.
AU  - Matz, Eileen
AU  - Broyde, Suse
AU  - Gilboa, Rotem
AU  - Grollman, Arthur P.
AU  - Zharkov, Dmitry O.
T1  - Substrate Discrimination by Formamidopyrimidine-DNA Glycosylase.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 279
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 4849
EP  - 4861
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) is a primary participant in the repair of 8-oxoguanine, an abundant oxidative DNA lesion. Although the structure of Fpg has been established, amino acid residues that define damage recognition have not been identified. We have combined molecular dynamics and bioinformatics approaches to address this issue. Site-specific mutagenesis coupled with enzyme kinetics was used to test our predictions. On the basis of molecular dynamics simulations, Lys-217 was predicted to interact with the Os of extrahelical 8-oxognanine accommodated in the binding pocket. Consistent with our computational studies, mutation of Lys-217 selectively reduced the ability of Fpg to excise 8-oxoguanine from DNA. Dihydrouracil, also a substrate for Fpg, served as a nonspecific control. Other residues involved in damage recognition (His-89, Arg108, and Arg-109) were identified by combined conservatiordstructure analysis. Arg-108, which forms two hydrogen bonds with cytosine in Fpg-DNA, is a major determinant of opposite-base specificity. Mutation of this residue reduced excision of 8-oxoguanine from therreally unstable mispairs with guanine or thymine, while excision from the stable cytosine and adenine base pairs was less affected. Mutation of His-89 selectively diminished the rate of excision of 8-oxoguanine, whereas muration of Arg-109 nearly abolished binding of Fpg to damaged DNA. Taken together, these results suggest that His-89 and Arg-109 form part of a reading head, a structural feature used by the enzyme to scan DNA for damage. His-89 and Lys-217 help determine the specificity of Fpg in recognizing the oxidatively damaged base, while Arg-108 provides specificity for bases positioned opposite the lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYRIMIDINES
KW  - OXO compounds
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12507342; Zaika, Elena I. 1 Perlow, Rebecca A. 2 Matz, Eileen 3 Broyde, Suse 2 Gilboa, Rotem 4 Grollman, Arthur P. 1 Zharkov, Dmitry O. 1,5; Email Address: dzharkov@niboch.nsc.ru; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York  2: Department of Biology, New York University  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory  4: Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem  5: SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine; Source Info: 2/6/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 6, p4849; Subject Term: PYRIMIDINES; Subject Term: OXO compounds; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 17 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lohkamp, Bernhard
AU  - McDermott, Gerry
AU  - Campbell, Samantha A.
AU  - Coggins, John R.
AU  - Lapthorn, Adrian J.
T1  - The Structure of Escherichia coli ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase: Identification of Substrate Binding Sites and Mode of AMP Inhibition
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 336
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
SN  - 00222836
AB  - ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase (ATP-PRT), the first enzyme of the histidine pathway, is a complex allosterically regulated enzyme, which controls the flow of intermediates through this biosynthetic pathway. The crystal structures of Escherichia coli ATP-PRT have been solved in complex with the inhibitor AMP at 2.7 A˚ and with product PR-ATP at 2.9 A˚ (the ribosyl-triphosphate could not be resolved). On the basis of binding of AMP and PR-ATP and comparison with type I PRTs, the PRPP and parts of the ATP-binding site are identified. These structures clearly identify the AMP as binding in the 5-phosphoribosyl-α-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP)-binding site, with the adenosine ring occupying the ATP-binding site. Comparison with the recently solved Mycobacterium tuberculosis ATP-PRT structures indicates that histidine is solely responsible for the large conformational changes observed between the hexameric forms of the enzyme. The role of oligomerisation in inhibition and the structural basis for the synergistic inhibition by histidine and AMP are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
KW  - AMP inhibition
KW  - ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase
KW  - crystal structure
KW  - histidine biosynthesis
KW  - PR-ATP, N′-5′-phosphoribosyl-ATP
KW  - PRPP binding
KW  - PRPP, 5-phosphoribosyl-α-1-pyrophosphate
KW  - PRT, phosphoribosyltransferase
N1  - Accession Number: 11960661; Lohkamp, Bernhard 1 McDermott, Gerry 2 Campbell, Samantha A. 3 Coggins, John R. 1 Lapthorn, Adrian J. 4; Email Address: adrian@chem.gla.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK  2: Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-8226, USA  3: Department of Immunology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 ONR, Scotland, UK  4: Protein Crystallography, Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 336 Issue 1, p131; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: AMP inhibition; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: histidine biosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: PR-ATP, N′-5′-phosphoribosyl-ATP; Author-Supplied Keyword: PRPP binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: PRPP, 5-phosphoribosyl-α-1-pyrophosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: PRT, phosphoribosyltransferase; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radisky, Derek C.
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
T1  - Respect Thy Neighbor!
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5659
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
EP  - 777
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The complexity of multicellular organisms necessitates a high degree of coordination among a diverse range of specialized cell types. Epithelial tissue is the source of more than 80% of human cancers, and many studies have focused on identifying the factors that activate signaling pathways involved in the proliferation of epithelial cells. The highly oncogenic Rous sarcoma virus triggers the formation of aggressive tumors in chickens but does not induce tumors when injected into chick embryos, a phenomenon later shown to be dependent partly on the integrity of the extracellular matrix.
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - ROUS sarcoma
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix
KW  - CANCER
KW  - ONCOGENIC viruses
KW  - TUMORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12306154; Radisky, Derek C. 1 Bissell, Mina J. 1; Email Address: mjbissell@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 2/6/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5659, p775; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject Term: ROUS sarcoma; Subject Term: EXTRACELLULAR matrix; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: ONCOGENIC viruses; Subject Term: TUMORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1363
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, Arun
T1  - Thermoelectricity in Semiconductor Nanostructures.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5659
M3  - Article
SP  - 777
EP  - 778
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - With the widespread use of semiconductors in microelectronics and optoelectronics, it is hard to imagine that the initial excitement was due to their promise not in electronics, but in refrigeration. The discovery in the 1950's that semiconductors can act as efficient heat pumps led to premature expectations of environmentally benign solid-state home refrigerators and power generators containing no moving parts. At issue are some fundamental scientific challenges, which could be overcome by deeper understanding of charge and heat transport in semiconductor nanostructures.
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery
KW  - REFRIGERATORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12306155; Majumdar, Arun 1; Email Address: majumdar@me.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 2/6/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5659, p777; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery; Subject Term: REFRIGERATORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414220 Household appliance merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423620 Household Appliances, Electric Housewares, and Consumer Electronics Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335223 Major kitchen appliance manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335222 Household Refrigerator and Home Freezer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1492
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Everaers, Ralf
AU  - Sukumaran, Sathish K.
AU  - Grest, Gary S.
AU  - Svaneborg, Carsten
AU  - Sivasubramanian, Arvind
AU  - Kremer, Kurt
T1  - Rheology and Microscopic Topology of Entangled PolymericLiquids.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5659
M3  - Article
SP  - 823
EP  - 826
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The viscoelastic properties of high molecular weight polymeric liquids are dominated by topological constraints on a molecular scale. In a manner similar to that of entangled ropes, polymer chains can slide past but not through each other. Tube models of polymer dynamics and rheology are based on the idea that entanglements confine a chain to small fluctuations around a primitive path that follows the coarse-grained chain contour. Here we provide a microscopic foundation for these highly successful phenomenological models. We analyze the topological state of polymeric liquids in terms of primitive paths and obtain parameter-free, quantitative predictions for the plateau modulus, which agree with experiment for all major classes of synthetic polymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - POLYMER liquid crystals
KW  - VISCOELASTICITY
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - PLASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12306171; Everaers, Ralf 1,2; Email Address: everaers@mpipks-dresden.mpg.de Sukumaran, Sathish K. 1 Grest, Gary S. 3 Svaneborg, Carsten 1 Sivasubramanian, Arvind 1 Kremer, Kurt 1; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.  2: Max-PlanckInstitut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany.  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.; Source Info: 2/6/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5659, p823; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: POLYMER liquid crystals; Subject Term: VISCOELASTICITY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR weights; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3909
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leisch, Jennifer E.
AU  - Bhattacharya, Raghu N.
AU  - Teeter, Glenn
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Preparation and characterization of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 thin films from electrodeposited precursors for hydrogen production
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/02/06/
VL  - 81
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 09270248
AB  - Semiconducting Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 thin films were made from electrodeposited Cu(In,Ga)Se2 precursors, followed by physical vapor deposition of In2S3, Ga, and Se. The bandgaps of these materials were found to be between 1.6 and 2.0 eV, which spans the optimal bandgap necessary for application for the top junction in photovoltaic multijunction devices and for unassisted water photolysis. These films were characterized by electron-probe microanalysis, scanning Auger spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photocurrent spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - PHYSICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CIGS
KW  - Electrodiposition
KW  - Hydrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 12098425; Leisch, Jennifer E. 1,2 Bhattacharya, Raghu N. 1; Email Address: raghu_bhattacharya@nrel.gov Teeter, Glenn 1 Turner, John A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 81 Issue 2, p249; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: PHYSICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: CIGS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodiposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2003.11.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prall, Bradley S.
AU  - Parkinson, Dilworth Y.
AU  - Fleming, Graham R.
AU  - Yang, Mino
AU  - Ishikawa, Naoto
T1  - Two-dimensional optical spectroscopy: Two-color photon echoes of electronically coupled phthalocyanine dimers.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2537
EP  - 2540
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Two-color photon echo peak shift spectroscopy was used to study electronic coupling in a phthalocyanine homodimer. Two optical parametric amplifiers were used to produce pulses to excite the split lower states of LuPc[sub 2][sup -]. The existence of a two-color peak shift indicates the existence of correlation between these two dipole-allowed states. The nature of this correlation is discussed based on theoretical predictions of the interactions between exciton and charge resonance states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12202231; Prall, Bradley S. 1 Parkinson, Dilworth Y. 1 Fleming, Graham R. 1 Yang, Mino 2 Ishikawa, Naoto 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  2: Department of Chemistry and Institute for Basic Sciences Research, Chungbuk National University, South Korea  3: Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan; Source Info: 2/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 6, p2537; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644794
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirata, So
AU  - Podeszwa, Rafal
AU  - Tobita, Motoi
AU  - Bartlett, Rodney J.
T1  - Coupled-cluster singles and doubles for extended systems.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2581
EP  - 2592
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Coupled-cluster theory with connected single and double excitation operators (CCSD) and related approximations, such as linearized CCSD, quadratic configuration interaction with single and double excitation operators, coupled-cluster with connected double excitation operator (CCD), linearized CCD, approximate CCD, and second- and third-order many-body perturbation theories, are formulated and implemented for infinitely extended one-dimensional systems (polymers), on the basis of the periodic boundary conditions and distance-based screening of integrals, density matrix elements, and excitation amplitudes. The variation of correlation energies with the truncation radii of short- and long-range lattice sums and with the number of wave vector sampling points in the first Brillouin zone is examined for polyethylene, polyacetylene, and polyyne, and is shown to be a function of the degree of π-electron conjugation or the fundamental band gaps. The t[sub 2] and t[sub 1] amplitudes in the atomic orbital (AO) basis are obtained by first computing the t amplitudes in the Bloch-orbital basis and subsequently back-transforming them into the AO basis. The plot of these AO-based t amplitudes as a function of unit cells also indicates that the t[sub 2] amplitudes of polyacetylene and polyyne exhibit appreciably slower decay than those of polyethylene, although the asymptotic decay behavior is invariably 1/r[sup 3]. The AO-based t[sub 1] amplitudes appear to correlate strongly with the electronic structure, and they decay seemingly exponentially for polyethylene whereas they stay at a constant magnitude across the seventh nearest neighbors of polyacetylene and polyyne, which attests to far reaching effects of nondynamical electron correlation mediated by orbital rotation. Nonetheless, the unit cell contributions to the correlation energies taper below 10[sup -6] hartree after 15 Å for all three polymers. The basis set dependence of the decay behavior of t[sub 2] amplitudes is also examined for linear hydrogen fluoride polymer (HF)[sub ∞] and linear beryllium polymer (Be)[sub ∞] employing the STO-3G, 6-31G, and 6-31G[sup *] basis sets, and proves to be rather small. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12202226; Hirata, So 1; Email Address: so.hirata@pnl.gov Podeszwa, Rafal 2 Tobita, Motoi 2 Bartlett, Rodney J. 2; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Source Info: 2/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 6, p2581; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637577
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, W.C.
AU  - Wang, C.Z.
AU  - Schmidt, M.W.
AU  - Bytautas, L.
AU  - Ho, K.M.
AU  - Ruedenberg, K.
T1  - Molecule intrinsic minimal basis sets. I. Exact resolution of ab initio optimized molecular orbitals in terms of deformed atomic minimal-basis orbitals.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2629
EP  - 2637
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A method is presented for expressing the occupied self-consistent-field (SCF) orbitals of a molecule exactly in terms of chemically deformed atomic minimal-basis-set orbitals that deviate as little as possible from free-atom SCF minimal-basis orbitals. The molecular orbitals referred to are the exact SCF orbitals, the free-atom orbitals referred to are the exact atomic SCF orbitals, and the formulation of the deformed “quasiatomic minimal-basis-sets” is independent of the calculational atomic orbital basis used. The resulting resolution of molecular orbitals in terms of quasiatomic minimal basis set orbitals is therefore intrinsic to the exact molecular wave functions. The deformations are analyzed in terms of interatomic contributions. The Mulliken population analysis is formulated in terms of the quasiatomic minimal-basis orbitals. In the virtual SCF orbital space the method leads to a quantitative ab initio formulation of the qualitative model of virtual valence orbitals, which are useful for calculating electron correlation and the interpretation of reactions. The method is applicable to Kohn–Sham density functional theory orbitals and is easily generalized to valence MCSCF orbitals. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12202222; Lu, W.C. 1 Wang, C.Z. 1 Schmidt, M.W. 1 Bytautas, L. 1 Ho, K.M. 1 Ruedenberg, K. 1; Email Address: ruedenberg@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and Ames Laboratory USDOE, Iowa State University, Iowa; Source Info: 2/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 6, p2629; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638731
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, W.C.
AU  - Wang, C.Z.
AU  - Schmidt, M.W.
AU  - Bytautas, L.
AU  - Ho, K.M.
AU  - Ruedenberg, K.
T1  - Molecule intrinsic minimal basis sets. II. Bonding analyses for Si[sub 4]H[sub 6] and Si[sub 2] to Si[sub 10].
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2638
EP  - 2651
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The method, introduced in the preceding paper, for recasting molecular self-consistent field (SCF) or density functional theory (DFT) orbitals in terms of intrinsic minimal bases of quasiatomic orbitals, which differ only little from the optimal free-atom minimal-basis orbitals, is used to elucidate the bonding in several silicon clusters. The applications show that the quasiatomic orbitals deviate from the minimal-basis SCF orbitals of the free atoms by only very small deformations and that the latter arise mainly from bonded neighbor atoms. The Mulliken population analysis in terms of the quasiatomic minimal-basis orbitals leads to a quantum mechanical interpretation of small-ring strain in terms of antibonding encroachments of localized molecular-orbitals and identifies the origin of the bond-stretch isomerization in Si[sub 4]H[sub 6]. In the virtual SCF/DFT orbital space, the method places the qualitative notion of virtual valence orbitals on a firm basis and provides an unambiguous ab initio identification of the frontier orbitals. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12202221; Lu, W.C. 1 Wang, C.Z. 1 Schmidt, M.W. 1 Bytautas, L. 1 Ho, K.M. 1 Ruedenberg, K. 1; Email Address: ruedenberg@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and Ames Laboratory USDOE, Iowa State University, Iowa; Source Info: 2/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 6, p2638; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 10 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638732
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Patrice
AU  - Aguirre, F.
AU  - Grant, E.R.
AU  - Pratt, S.T.
T1  - Mode dependent vibrational autoionization of Rydberg states of NO[sub 2]. II. Comparing the symmetric stretching and bending vibrations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2667
EP  - 2676
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Triple-resonance excitation and high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy are combined to characterize the mode selectivity of vibrational autoionization of the high Rydberg states of NO[sub 2]. Photoelectron spectra and vibrational branching fractions are reported for autoionizing Rydberg states converging to the NO[sub 2][sup +] X [sup 1]Σ[sub g][sup +](110) state, that is, with one quantum in the symmetric stretch, ν[sub 1], and one quantum in the bending vibration, ν[sub 2]. These results indicate that autoionization proceeds most efficiently through the loss of one quantum from the symmetric stretch rather than from the bending vibration. The implications of this result are discussed in terms of the autoionization mechanism. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROUS oxide
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12202218; Bell, Patrice 1 Aguirre, F. 2 Grant, E.R. 3 Pratt, S.T. 2; Email Address: stpratt@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  3: Department of Chemistry, Purdue Univeristy, West Lafayette, Indiana; Source Info: 2/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 6, p2667; Subject Term: NITROUS oxide; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638379
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hager, J. Stewart
AU  - Zahardis, James
AU  - Pagni, Richard M.
AU  - Compton, Robert N.
AU  - Li, Jun
T1  - Raman under nitrogen. The high-resolution Raman spectroscopy of crystalline uranocene, thorocene, and ferrocene.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2708
EP  - 2718
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The utility of recording Raman spectroscopy under liquid nitrogen, a technique we call Raman under nitrogen (RUN), is demonstrated for ferrocene, uranocene, and thorocene. Using RUN, low-temperature (liquid nitrogen cooled) Raman spectra for these compounds exhibit higher resolution than previous studies, and new vibrational features are reported. The first Raman spectra of crystalline uranocene at 77 K are reported using excitation from argon (5145 Å) and krypton (6764 Å) ion lasers. The spectra obtained showed bands corresponding to vibrational transitions at 212, 236, 259, 379, 753, 897, 1500, and 3042 cm-1, assigned to ring–metal–ring stretching, ring–metal tilting, out-of-plane CCC bending, in-plane CCC bending, ring-breathing, C–H bending, CC stretching and CH stretching, respectively. The assigned vibrational bands are compared to those of uranocene in THF, (COT)[sup 2-], and thorocene. All vibrational frequencies of the ligands, except the 259 cm-1 out-of-plane CCC bending mode, were found to increase upon coordination. A broad, polarizable band centered about ∼460 cm-1 was also observed. The 460 cm-1 band is greatly enhanced relative to the vibrational Raman transitions with excitations from the krypton ion laser, which is indicative of an electronic resonance Raman process as has been shown previously. The electronic resonance Raman band is observed to split into three distinct bands at 450, 461, and 474 cm-1 with 6764 Å excitation. Relativistic density functional theory is used to provide theoretical interpretations of the measured spectra. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLINE polymers
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12202213; Hager, J. Stewart 1 Zahardis, James 2 Pagni, Richard M. 2 Compton, Robert N. 3; Email Address: rcompton@utk.edu Li, Jun 4; Email Address: jun.Li@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  3: Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  4: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: 2/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 6, p2708; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE polymers; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1637586
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsige, Mesfin
AU  - Grest, Gary S.
T1  - Molecular dynamics simulation of solvent–polymer interdiffusion: Fickian diffusion.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2989
EP  - 2995
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The interdiffusion of a solvent into a polymer melt has been studied using large scale molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The solvent concentration profile and weight gain by the polymer have been measured as a function of time. The weight gain is found to scale as t[sup 1/2], which is expected for Fickian diffusion. The concentration profiles are fit very well assuming Fick’s second law with a constant diffusivity. The diffusivity found from fitting Fick’s second law is found to be independent of time and equal to the self-diffusion constant in the dilute solvent limit. We separately calculated the diffusivity as a function of concentration using the Darken equation and found that the diffusivity is essentially constant for the concentration range relevant for interdiffusion. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12202182; Tsige, Mesfin 1; Email Address: mtsige@sandia.gov Grest, Gary S. 1; Email Address: gsgrest@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: 2/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 6, p2989; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640347
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trabesinger
AU  - A. H.
AU  - McDermott
AU  - R.
AU  - Lee
AU  - S.
AU  - Muck
AU  - M.
AU  - Clarke
AU  - J.
AU  - Pines
AU  - A.
T1  - SQUID-Detected Liquid State NMR in Microtesla Fields.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 957
EP  - 963
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments performed in magnetic fields on the order of microtesla yield line widths comparable to the lifetime limit even in grossly inhomogeneous magnets. The potential loss in sensitivity is overcome by combining prepolarization in fields on the order of millitesla and signal detection with a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID). The enhanced spectral resolution attainable in microtesla fields enables NMR studies of pure liquids and solutions without the need for strong magnets. We have investigated a variety of heteronuclear systems in both the weak and strong J-coupling regimes. Six different nuclear species have been detected with the same experimental apparatus. NMR signals of thermally polarized protons were obtained in fields as low as 554 nT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12210072; Trabesinger A. H. 1 McDermott R. 1 Lee S. 1 Muck M. 1 Clarke J. 1 Pines A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 6, p957; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson
AU  - G. P.
AU  - Gibson
AU  - J. K.
AU  - Duckworth
AU  - D. C.
T1  - Gas-Phase Reactions of Bare and Ligated Uranium Ions with Sulfur Hexafluoride.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1042
EP  - 1051
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Reactions of bare and ligated uranium ions with sulfur hexafluoride were studied in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. Bare U+ was found to react rather efficiently with SF6 (k/kADO ~ 0.4) to produce both UFn+ (n = 1, 2, 3, 4) and SFn+ (n = 1, 2, 3). Whereas the UF+/SF6 reaction rate was essentially the same as that for U+/SF6, both UF2+ and UF3+ were inert; this is attributed to a repulsive interaction between UFn+ and SF6 when n exceeds 1. Reactions of UF+ (k/kADO ~ 0.2) and UF2+ (k/kADO ~ 0.05) with H2O resulted in both F → OH exchange and oxidation. In contrast, UF3+ reacted very efficiently with H2O (k/kADO ~ 1), exhibiting only F → OH exchange. The primary ion products of the UO+/SF6 reaction (k/kADO ~ 0.2) were SF3+ and UOF2+; those of the UOH+/SF6 reaction (k/kADO ~ 0.3) were SF3+ and UOF+. The reaction results are discussed in the context of a previously proposed reaction model, the distinctive chemistry of uranium, and thermodynamic considerations. The results illuminate the nature of uranium as well as general aspects of the interaction of bare and ligated transition-metal ions with SF6. Results for collision-induced dissociation (CID) of selected uranium molecular ions support the concept of CID being a quasithermal process under these experimental conditions, with rearrangements prior to fragmentation possible for certain ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - SULFUR compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 12210082; Jackson G. P. 1 Gibson J. K. 1 Duckworth D. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6375; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 6, p1042; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: SULFUR compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ko
AU  - M. K.
AU  - Frei
AU  - H.
T1  - Millisecond FT-IR Spectroscopy of Surface Intermediates of C2H4 Hydrogenation over Pt/Al2O3 Catalyst under Reaction Conditions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1805
EP  - 1808
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Time-resolved rapid-scan FT-IR spectra of ethylene hydrogenation over alumina-supported Pt catalyst at 473 K were recorded under continuous H2/N2 flow (1 atm) and pulsed release of C2H4 (30 millisecond duration). Two surface species were observed, namely ethylidyne (CH3CPt3) with peaks at 2880 and 1339 cm-1 (lifetime 300 ± 50 ms), and a substantially shorter-lived intermediate with an intense band at 1200 cm-1 and weak absorptions in the 2875-2860 cm-1 region (lifetime around 100 ms). Comparison of the C2H4 + H2 results with those of experiments using D2 or C2D4 suggests that the 1200 cm-1 species is a surface ethyl intermediate (CH3CH2Pt). This is the first observation on the lifetime of surface ethyl species under reaction conditions. The rise of the final ethane product, monitored by the ν(CH) absorption at 2893 cm-1 was found to reach a maximum already in the first recorded time slice. This suggests that the observed CH3CH2Pt species is a surface-trapped form of the kinetically relevant, only weakly interacting C2H5 radical intermediate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - CATALYSTS
N1  - Accession Number: 12210091; Ko M. K. 1 Frei H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Mailstop Calvin Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 6, p1805; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tamura
AU  - K.
AU  - Wang
AU  - J. X.
AU  - Adzic
AU  - R. R.
AU  - Ocko
AU  - B. M.
T1  - Kinetics of Monolayer Bi Electrodeposition on Au(111):  Surface X-ray Scattering and Current Transients.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1992
EP  - 1998
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The kinetics of Bi monolayer electrodeposition (underpotential deposition) on the Au(111) electrode was investigated using surface X-ray scattering and electrochemical methods. The current and X-ray intensity transients were measured simultaneously using a low-resistance drop cell that has a potential response time less than 50 μs. Three independent measurements of the Bi coverage transients were obtained, which are related to (1) the integrated charge, (2) the adsorbed Bi, irrespective of the adsorption site, and (3) the adsorbed Bi with a well-defined (2×2) structure. The zero-coverage ↔ commensurate (2×2)-Bi phase transition occurs on the millisecond time scale, 3 orders of magnitude more rapidly than the (2×2)-Bi ↔ high-coverage incommensurate (p×√3)-2Bi phase transition. Nucleation and growth kinetics was observed for both transitions involving Bi desorption. Langmuir adsorption kinetics was observed for both transitions involving Bi adsorption. Comparison of the total coverage with that measured by in-plane diffraction intensity suggests fast coarsening of islands for the transition for the zero-coverage ↔ commensurate (2×2)-Bi phase transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 12210118; Tamura K. 1 Wang J. X. 1 Adzic R. R. 1 Ocko B. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 6, p1992; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCabe, Rodney J.
AU  - Misra, Amit
AU  - Mitchell, Terence E.
T1  - Experimentally determined content of a geometrically necessary dislocation boundary in copper
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 52
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Weak beam and stereo transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze the dislocation content of a crystallographic geometrically necessary dislocation boundary (GNB) in rolled copper. The GNB is oriented close to the <f>(1¯ 1 1)</f> slip plane and is composed primarily of dislocations from the three highest stressed slip systems: <f><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>[1¯<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">0](1<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1)</f>, <f><fr shape="case" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>[1<hsp sp="0.12">0<hsp sp="0.12">1](1¯<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1)</f>, and <f><fr shape="case" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>[1<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">0](1¯<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1)</f>. The boundary also contains a large number of dislocation nodes and reaction products (junctions) of the three primary sets including junctions of the first two sets resulting in a Lomer lock configuration <f><fr shape="case" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2[1¯ 1 0](1 1 1)</f>, <f><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>[1<hsp sp="0.12">0<hsp sp="0.12">1](1¯<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1)</f>, and <f><fr shape="case" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>[1<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">0](1¯<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1)</f>. The boundary also contains a large number of dislocation nodes and reaction products (junctions) of the three primary sets including junctions of the first two sets resulting in a Lomer lock configuration <f><fr shape="case" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2[1 0 1](1¯ 1 1)</f>, and <f><NU>1</NU>/2</fr>[1<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">0](1¯<hsp sp="0.12">1<hsp sp="0.12">1)</f>. The boundary also contains a large number of dislocation nodes and reaction products (junctions) of the three primary sets including junctions of the first two sets resulting in a Lomer lock configuration <f><fr shape="case" ALIGN="C" STYLE="S"><NU>1</NU>/2[1 1 0](1¯ 1 1)</f>. The boundary also contains a large number of dislocation nodes and reaction products (junctions) of the three primary sets including junctions of the first two sets resulting in a Lomer lock configuration <f><NU>1</NU>/2[0 1 1](1 0 0)</f>. The dislocation configuration within the boundary appears to be a low energy structure within the confines of the system. The general boundary minimum energy solution to Frank’s formula does not agree well with the observed configuration. Solutions containing high densities of dislocations with Burgers vectors from the highest stressed slip systems give more reasonable agreement. An alternate analysis of Frank’s formula considering only slip activity on two fcc slip planes also gives reasonable results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - COPPER
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Copper
KW  - Deformation structure
KW  - Dislocation boundaries
KW  - Dislocation structure
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12039531; McCabe, Rodney J.; Email Address: rmccabe@lanl.gov Misra, Amit 1 Mitchell, Terence E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 52 Issue 3, p705; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thorsmølle, V.K.
AU  - Averitt, R.D.
AU  - Chi, X.
AU  - Hilton, D.J.
AU  - Smith, D.L.
AU  - Ramirez, A.P.
AU  - Taylor, A.J.
T1  - Ultrafast conductivity dynamics in pentacene probed using terahertz spectroscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 84
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 891
EP  - 893
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We present measurements of the transient photoconductivity in pentacene single crystals using optical-pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy. We have measured the temperature and fluence dependence of the mobility of the photoexcited charge carriers with picosecond resolution. The pentacene crystals were excited at 3.0 eV, which is above the bandgap of ∼2.2 eV, and the induced change in the far-infrared transmission was measured. At 30 K, the carrier mobility is μ≈0.4 cm[sup 2]/V s and decreases to μ≈0.2 cm[sup 2]/V s at room temperature. The transient terahertz signal reveals the presence of free carriers that are trapped on the time scale of a few picoseconds or less, possibly through the formation of excitons, small polarons, or trapping by impurities. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PENTACENE
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12141846; Thorsmølle, V.K. 1; Email Address: vthorsmolle@lanl.gov Averitt, R.D. 1 Chi, X. 1 Hilton, D.J. 1 Smith, D.L. 1 Ramirez, A.P. 1 Taylor, A.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 2/9/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 6, p891; Subject Term: PENTACENE; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Beeman, J.W.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Ager III, J.W.
AU  - Scarpulla, M.A.
AU  - Dubon, O.D.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
T1  - Effects of pressure on the band structure of highly mismatched Zn 1-yMn yOxTe1-x alloys.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 84
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 924
EP  - 926
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report photomodulation spectroscopy measurements of the pressure dependence of the optical transition in Zn[sub 1-y]Mn[sub y]O[sub x]Te[sub 1-x] alloys that is associated with the lowest Γ conduction band (termed E[sub -] subband). The pressure-induced energy shift of the E[sub -] transition is nonlinear and much weaker as compared to the change of the direct band gap of Zn[sub 0.88]Mn[sub 0.12]Te. The weak pressure dependence of the E[sub -] transition can be fully understood based on the band anticrossing model in which the E[sub -] subband results from an interaction between the extended ZnMnTe conduction-band states and the localized O electronic states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELLURIUM alloys
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - ELECTRON mobility
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12141835; Shan, W. 1; Email Address: wshan@lbl.gov Yu, K.M. 1 Walukiewicz, W. 1 Beeman, J.W. 1 Wu, J. 1 Ager III, J.W. 1 Scarpulla, M.A. 1 Dubon, O.D. 1 Haller, E.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 2/9/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 6, p924; Subject Term: TELLURIUM alloys; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: ELECTRON mobility; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646457
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Velisavljevic, Nenad
AU  - MacMinn, Kirkland M.
AU  - Vohra, Yogesh K.
AU  - Weir, Samuel T.
T1  - Electrical measurements on praseodymium metal to 179 GPa using designer diamond anvils.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 84
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 927
EP  - 929
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The electrical and magnetic properties of light rare-earth metals and trans-plutonium actinide metals are of interest to study the f-shell delocalization phenomenon under high compressions. Using designer diamond anvil technology, sensitive electrical four-probe measurements were performed on light rare-earth metal praseodymium to pressures of 179 GPa at room temperature. We document an average drop in resistivity of 53% at a pressure of 20 GPa in a series of high-pressure experiments. This large drop in resistivity provides the strongest experimental evidence yet for the view that the 20 GPa phase transition is indeed associated with f-electron delocalization. Our results show that the precise electrical measurements are ideally suited for f-delocalization studies, especially where structural data do not provide clear evidence of this transition. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRASEODYMIUM
KW  - METALS -- Electric properties
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - ANVILS
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
N1  - Accession Number: 12141834; Velisavljevic, Nenad 1 MacMinn, Kirkland M. 1 Vohra, Yogesh K. 1; Email Address: ykvohra@uab.edu Weir, Samuel T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 2/9/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 6, p927; Subject Term: PRASEODYMIUM; Subject Term: METALS -- Electric properties; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: ANVILS; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332113 Forging; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1645986
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lereu, A.L.
AU  - Passian, A.
AU  - Warmack, R.J.
AU  - Ferrell, T.L.
AU  - Thundat, T.
T1  - Effect of thermal variations on the Knudsen forces in the transitional regime.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 84
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1013
EP  - 1015
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - When objects are maintained at different temperatures and separated by distances of the order of the mean free path of the surrounding host gas molecules, gas kinetic forces called Knudsen forces may be involved. The understanding of this effect may result in some improvements in microelectromechanical devices and measurement systems. We present the thermal dependence of these forces in the transitional regime for different gases. In this mode, the Knudsen effect can be significant and, therefore, become a problem in microscale devices. For this study, a silicon microcantilever, mounted close to a substrate, is used and changes in temperature are observed by measuring bending of the microcantilever. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - COAL gas
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12141805; Lereu, A.L. 1 Passian, A. 1; Email Address: passianan@ornl.gov Warmack, R.J. 1 Ferrell, T.L. 1 Thundat, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: 2/9/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 6, p1013; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: COAL gas; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644916
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liang, Binyong
AU  - Andrews, Lester
AU  - Li, JUn
AU  - Bursten, Bruce E.
T1  - On the Noble-Gas-Induced Intersystem Crossing for the CUO Molecule: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of CUO(Ng)n (Ng = Ar, Kr, Xe; n = 1, 2, 3, 4) Complexes in Solid Neon.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 882
EP  - 894
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Uranium atoms excited by laser ablation react with CO in excess neon to produce the novel CUO molecule, which forms distinct Ng complexes (Ng - Ar, Kr, Xe) when the heavier noble gases are added. The CUO(Ng) complexes are identified through CO isotopic and Ng substitution on the neon matrix infrared spectra and by comparison to DFT frequency calculations. The U-C and U-O stretching frequencies of CUO(Ng) complexes are slightly redshifted from frequencies for the ¹∑+ CUO ground state, which identifies singlet ground state CUO(Ng) complexes. In solid neon the CUO molecule is also a complex CUO(Ne)n, and the CUO(Ne)n-l(Ng) complexes are likewise specified. The next singlet CUO(Ne)x (Ng)2 complexes in excess neon follow in like manner. However, the higher CUO(Ne)x (Ng)n complex (n = 3, 4) stretching modes approach pure argon matrix CUO(Ar)n values and isotopic behavior, which are characterized as triplet ground state complexes by DFT frequency calculations. This work suggests that the singlet-triplet crossing occurs with 3 Ar, 3 Kr, or 4 Xe and a balance of Ne atoms coordinated to CUO in the neon matrix host. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - METAL complexes
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - NEON
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 12403993; Liang, Binyong 1 Andrews, Lester 1; Email Address: lsa@virginia.edu Li, JUn 2 Bursten, Bruce E. 3; Email Address: bursten@chemistry.ohio-state.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319  2: William R. Wiley Environment Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  3: Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; Source Info: 2/9/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p882; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: METAL complexes; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: NEON; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: MATRICES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Almond, Philip M.
AU  - Sykora, Richard E.
AU  - Skanthakumar, S.
AU  - Soderholm, L.
AU  - Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E.
T1  - Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structure,and Magnetic Properties of the Mixed-Valent NP(IV)/Np(V) Selenite Np(NpO2)2(SeO3)3.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 958
EP  - 963
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The reaction of NpO2 with SeO2 in the presence of CsCI at 180 °C results in the formation of Np(NpO2)2 (SeO3)3 (1). The structure of 1 consists of three crystallographically unique Np centers with three different coordination environments in two different oxidation states. Np(1) is found in a neptunyl(V), O=Np=O+, unit that is further ligated in the equatorial plane by three chelating SeO32−- anions to create a hexagonal bipyramidal NpO8 unit. A second neptunyl(V) cation also occurs for Np(2); it is bound by four bridging selenite anions and by the oxo atom from the Np(1) neptunyl cation to form a pentagonal bipyramidal, NpO7, unit. The third neptunium center, Np(3), which contains Np(IV), is found in a distorted NpO8 dodecahedron. Np(3) is bound by five bridging selenite anions and by three neptunyl units via cation-cation interactions. The NpO7 pentagonal bipyramids and NpO8 hexagonal bipyramids share both corners and edges. Both of these polyhedra share corners via cation-cation interactions with the NpO8 dodecahedra creating a three-dimensional structure with small channels that house the stereochemically active lone pair of electrons on the selenite anions. Magnetic susceptibility data follow Curie­Weiss behavior over the entire temperature range measured (5 ≤ T ≤ 320 K). The effective moment, μeff = 2.28 μB, which represents an average over the three crystallographically inequivalent Np atoms, is within the expected range of values. There is no evidence of long-range ordering of the Np moments at temperatures down to 5 K, consistent with the negligible Weiss constant determined from fitting the susceptibility data. Crystallographic data: 1, orthorhombic, space group Pbca, a = 10.6216(5), b = 11.9695(6), and c = 17.8084(8) Å, and Z = 8 (T = 193 K). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - SELENITES
KW  - CHELATES
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - STEREOCHEMISTRY
KW  - NEPTUNIUM
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 12404001; Almond, Philip M. 1 Sykora, Richard E. 1 Skanthakumar, S. 2 Soderholm, L. 2 Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: albreth@auburn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Leach Nuclear Science Centerm Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 2/9/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p958; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: SELENITES; Subject Term: CHELATES; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: STEREOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: NEPTUNIUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212395 Gypsum mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giesbrecht, Garth R.
AU  - Gordon, John C.
AU  - Clark, David L.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
T1  - Auto-ionization in Lutetium Iodide Complexes: Effect of the Ionic Radius on Lanthanide—Iodide Binding.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1065
EP  - 1070
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Reaction of lutetium metal with 1.5 equiv of elemental iodine in 2-propanol leads to the isolation of Lul3(HOipr)4 (1). An X-ray crystal structure reveals an ionic structure with well-separated [Lul2(HOiPr)4] cations and [I] anions. Dissolution of 1 in pyridine generates the unusual alkoxide species [Lul(OiPr)(py)5][I] (2) with the elimination of HI. An X-ray crystal structure of 2 confirmed the ionic nature of the compound, with the cationic portion of the complex exhibiting a seven-coordinated lutetium center with trans-disposed iodo and alkoxide ligands and five pyridine molecules equally displaced within the equatorial plane. Exposure of 2 to iodotrimethylsilane yields the expected triiodide species [Lul2(py)5][I] (3), which may also be prepared by refluxing commercially available Lul3 in THF, followed by crystallization from a THF/pyridine mixture. The solid-state structure of 3 is similar to that of 2, with the alkoxide ligand having been replaced by an iodide. The formation of ionic structures 1–3 as opposed to the higher-coordinated neutral species may be traced to the small lutetium center and the presence of relatively strong Lewis bases within the coordination sphere of the metal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IODINE
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - PROPANOLS
KW  - ALKOXIDES
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - LUTETIUM
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12404014; Giesbrecht, Garth R. 1,2 Gordon, John C. 1,2; Email Address: John.Gordon@science.doe.gov Clark, David L. 1,2 Scott, Brian L. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Chemistry Division  2: Glenn T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2/9/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p1065; Subject Term: IODINE; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: PROPANOLS; Subject Term: ALKOXIDES; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: LUTETIUM; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Kwasi
AU  - Huang, Fu Qiang
AU  - Caspi, El'ad N.
AU  - McFarland, Adam D.
AU  - Haynes, Christy L.
AU  - Somers, Rebecca C.
AU  - Jorgensen, James D.
AU  - Van Duyne, Richard P.
AU  - Ibers, James A.
T1  - Syntheses, Structure, and Selected Physical Properties of CsLnMnSe3 (Ln = Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, yb, Y) and AYbZnQ3 (A = Rb, Cs; Q= S, Se, Te).
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1082
EP  - 1089
SN  - 00201669
AB  - CsLnMnSe3 (Ln = Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Y) and AYbZnQ3 (A = Rb, Cs; Q = S, Se, Te) have been synthesized from solid-state reactions at temperatures in excess 1173 K. These isostructural materials crystallize in the layered KZrCuS3 structure type in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm. The structure is composed of LnQ6 octahedra and MQ4 tetrahedra that share edges to form 2∞[LnMQ3] layers. These layers stack perpendicular to [010] and are separated by layers of face- and edge-sharing AQ8 bicapped trigonal prisms. There are no Q—Q bonds in the structure of the ALnMQ3 compounds so the formal oxidation states of A/Ln/M/Q are 1+/3+/2+/2−. The CsLnMnSe3 materials, with the exception of CsYbMnSe3, are Curie­Weiss paramagnets between 5 and 300 K. The magnetic susceptibility data for CsYbZnS3, RbYbZnSe3, and CsYbMSe3 (U = Mn, Zn) show a weak cusp at approximately 10 K and pronounced differences between field-cooled and zero-field-cooled data. However, CsYbZnSe3 is not an antiferromagnet because a neutron diffraction study indicates that CsYbZnSe3 shows neither long-range magnetic ordering nor a phase change between 4 and 295 K. Nor is the compound a spin glass because the transition at 10 K does not depend on ac frequency. The optical band gaps of the (010) and (001) crystal faces for CsYbMnSe3 are 1.60 and 1.59 eV, respectively; the optical band of the (010) crystal faces for CsYbZnS3 and RbYbZnSe3 are 2.61 and 2.07 eV, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL complexes
KW  - PRISMS
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - PARAMAGNETISM
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12404016; Mitchell, Kwasi 1 Huang, Fu Qiang 1 Caspi, El'ad N. 2 McFarland, Adam D. 1 Haynes, Christy L. 1 Somers, Rebecca C. 1 Jorgensen, James D. 2 Van Duyne, Richard P. 1 Ibers, James A. 1; Email Address: ibers@chem.northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208  2: materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 2/9/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p1082; Subject Term: METAL complexes; Subject Term: PRISMS; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: PARAMAGNETISM; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: OXIDATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lalrempuia, R.
AU  - Yennawar, Hemant
AU  - Mozharivskyj, Yurij A.
AU  - Kollipara, Mohan Rao
T1  - Synthesis, characterization and molecular structures of allenylidene, vinylidene–alkylidene complexes containing [CpOs(PPh3)2]+ fragment
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 689
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - The reaction of [CpOs(PPh3)2Br] with diphenylpropargylic alcohol HC&z.tbnd6;CCPh2(OH) in the presence of ammonium hexafluorophosphate leads to the formation of cationic osmiumallenylidene complex [CpOs(&z.dbnd6;C&z.dbnd6;C&z.dbnd6;CPh2)(PPh3)2][PF6] (1), but when the dimethylpropargylic alcohol HC&z.tbnd6;CCMe2(OH) was used as a substrate, a dicationic diosmium vinylidene–alkylidene complex of the formula [(CpOs)2(μ-C10H12)(PPh3)4][PF6]2 (2) was obtained. The structures of these complexes have been determined by X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic space group <f>P21/c</f> with <f>a=13.4083(6)</f> A˚, <f>b=19.5700(9)</f> A˚, <f>c=20.3806(9)</f> A˚ and <f>β=100.3620(10)</f>°. Complex 2 crystallizes in triclinic space group <f>P1¯</f> with <f>a=13.0396(11)</f> A˚, <f>b=15.2420(13)</f> A˚, <f>c=21.6406(19)</f> A˚ and <f>α=72.5290(10)</f>°, <f>β=75.1960(10)</f>°, <f>γ=85.6360(10)</f>°. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - AMMONIUM compounds
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Alkynols
KW  - Allenylidene
KW  - Cyclopentadienyl
KW  - Osmium
KW  - Vinylidene
N1  - Accession Number: 12098024; Lalrempuia, R. 1 Yennawar, Hemant 2 Mozharivskyj, Yurij A. 3 Kollipara, Mohan Rao 1; Email Address: kmrao@nehu.ac.in; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793 022, India  2: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, PA 16802, USA  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 689 Issue 3, p539; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: AMMONIUM compounds; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkynols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Allenylidene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclopentadienyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Osmium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vinylidene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.11.004
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nanal, V.
AU  - Khoo, T.L.
AU  - Hofman, D.J.
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Dioszegi, I.
AU  - Eisenman, K.
AU  - Halbert, M.L.
AU  - Heckman, P.
AU  - Heinz, A.M.
AU  - Henderson, D.
AU  - Jenkins, D.
AU  - Kelly, M.P.
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - McClintock, B.
AU  - Mitsuoka, S.
AU  - Pennington, T.
AU  - Seitz, J.
T1  - Highly selective studies of GDR in 164Er
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 731
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Exclusive measurements of high energy γ-rays in the decay of 164Er, formed in the reaction 40Ar+124Sn, have been performed to study angular momentum dependence of the giant dipole resonance (GDR) strength function. The γ-ray spectra were measured in coincidence with A=160 evaporation residues (4n channel at Ebeam = 163 MeV and 187 MeV. A statistical model analysis, incorporating a two-component GDR strength function, shows increase in the GDR width as the average spin of the compound nucleus increases from 26 h̵, (at 163 MeV to 54 h̵ (at 187 MeV). This is consistent with the predictions of a thermal shape fluctuation model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 12707885; Nanal, V. 1,2 Khoo, T.L. 1 Hofman, D.J. 3 Back, B.B. 1 Carpenter, M.P. 1 Dioszegi, I. 4 Eisenman, K. 5 Halbert, M.L. 6 Heckman, P. 5 Heinz, A.M. 1 Henderson, D. 1 Jenkins, D. 1 Kelly, M.P. 1 Kondev, F.G. 1 Lauritsen, T. 1 Lister, C.J. 1 McClintock, B. 1 Mitsuoka, S. 1 Pennington, T. 1 Seitz, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Argonne IL 60439, USA  2: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India  3: University at Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor St. Chicago. IL 60607 USA  4: SUNY at Stony Brook, New York, 11794 USA  5: NSCL, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 USA  6: Physics Division, Oak ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 731 Issue 1-4, p153; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zelevinsky, Vladimir
AU  - Volya, Alexander
T1  - Pairing correlations in nuclei: old knowledge and new ideas
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 731
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We present a limited overview of recently suggested ideas for the description of pairing correlations in nuclei. Exact solution for the pairing problem and based on that new theoretical approximations, phase transition to the paired state, “pair-vibrational” excitations, role of incoherent residual interactions, pairing in the continuum, and other related subjects are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HARTREE-Fock approximation
KW  - PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12707899; Zelevinsky, Vladimir 1 Volya, Alexander 2; Affiliation:  1: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 731 Issue 1-4, p299; Subject Term: HARTREE-Fock approximation; Subject Term: PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belić, A.
AU  - Dean, D.J.
AU  - Hjorth-Jensen, M.
T1  - Pairing correlations and transitions in nuclear systems
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 731
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We discuss several pairing-related phenomena in nuclear systems, ranging from superfluidity in neutron stars to the gradual breaking of pairs in finite nuclei. We describe recent experimental evidence that points to a relation between pairing and phase transitions (or transformations) in finite nuclear systems. A simple pairing interaction model is used in order to study and classify an eventual pairing phase transition in finite fermionic systems such as nuclei. We show that systems with as few as ∼ 10 – 16 fermions can exhibit clear features reminiscent of a phase transition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM statistics
KW  - INTERACTING boson-fermion models
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FINITE nuclei
N1  - Accession Number: 12707907; Belić, A. 1 Dean, D.J. 2 Hjorth-Jensen, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, P.O.B. 57, Belgrade 11001, Serbia and Montenegro, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6373, USA  3: Department of Physics and Center of Mathematics for Applications, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 731 Issue 1-4, p381; Subject Term: QUANTUM statistics; Subject Term: INTERACTING boson-fermion models; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FINITE nuclei; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manaa, M.R.
T1  - Electronic structure of solid C48N12 aza-fullerene
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 129
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 383
SN  - 00381098
AB  - I report electronic structures and the cohesive energy for face-centered-cubic (fcc) solid C48N12 using generalized-gradient density-functional theory. The full vibrational spectrum of the C48N12 cluster is calculated within the harmonic approximation at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. The results show that fcc is energetically preferred and a more stable crystal form than body-centered-cubic (bcc). C48N12 clusters are found to condense by a weak (0.29 eV) van der Waals force. The band gap of fcc C48N12 is calculated to be 1.3 eV at the GGA-PW91 level, whereas the HOMO-LUMO gap is calculated to be 2.74 eV using B3LYP/6-31G*. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - QUASIMOLECULES
KW  - A. Azafullerenes
KW  - D. Cohesive energy
KW  - D. Electronic structure
KW  - D. Vibrational spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 22259079; Manaa, M.R. 1; Email Address: manaa1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Energetic Materials Center, University of California, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, L-282, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 129 Issue 6, p379; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: QUASIMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Azafullerenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Cohesive energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Vibrational spectrum; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.11.007
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraig, Robert E.
AU  - Roundy, David
AU  - Cohen, Marvin L.
T1  - A study of the mechanical and structural properties of polonium
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/02/09/
VL  - 129
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 413
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We have performed an ab initio study of the structure of polonium. By calculating total energies in a number of tetragonal lattice configurations, we have shown that the simple cubic structure is preferred by the system. The other two zero-stress structures, bcc and fcc, correspond to inflection points along this path. These calculations agree with experimental evidence that polonium is the only known element to assume the simple cubic structure at room temperature. We have found an LDA lattice constant of 3.28 Å, and we have obtained two of the elastic constants: <f>C11=113 GPa</f> and <f>C12=28 GPa.</f> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - METALS
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - POLONIUM
KW  - C. Crystal structure
N1  - Accession Number: 22259085; Kraig, Robert E. 1,2; Email Address: rek@socrates.berkely.edu Roundy, David 1,2 Cohen, Marvin L. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 129 Issue 6, p411; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: POLONIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Crystal structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.08.001
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahajan, Devinder
AU  - Marshall, Christopher L.
AU  - Castagnola, Norma
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
T1  - Sono synthesis and characterization of nano-phase molybdenum-based materials for catalytic hydrodesulfurization
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2004/02/10/
VL  - 258
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - Unsupported nano-phase MoS2, CoS, and CoS-MoS2 (Mo/Co mole ratio ∼6/1) materials were prepared in hexadecane by sonolysis of the corresponding metal carbonyls at ∼50 °C in high (>90%) yields as measured by the evolved carbon monoxide. Direct sonolysis of commercial micron-sized MoS2 in hexadecane did not result in nano-sizing. The TEM images showed that the synthesized MoS2 were aggregates of ∼20 nm mean particle diameter, CoS was ∼50 nm and the mixed-metal CoS-MoS2 could be viewed as a composite in which smaller MoS2 particles resided on the larger crystallites of CoS. The broad XRD peaks were consistent with nano-structured MoS2 and the sharp peaks were consistent with a more crystalline CoS-MoS2 species. The sharp peaks did not fit any single CoS pattern suggesting multiple phases. The XRD data showed that sonolysis did not alter the morphology of the micron-sized commercial MoS2 sample. In the HDS comparative activity study of dibenzothiophene, the synthesized nano-phase MoS2 exhibited more than an order of magnitude higher activity than its commercial micron-sized counterpart and the addition of Co further enhanced the activity. The HDS activity mirrored the temperature programmed reduction data. Interestingly, the nano-phase materials were less active for hydrogenation of 1-octene during the HDS study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - COBALT
KW  - METAL carbonyls
KW  - Hydrodesulfurization
KW  - Nano-catalysis
KW  - Sonolysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12097672; Mahajan, Devinder 1,2; Email Address: dmahajan@bnl.gov Marshall, Christopher L. 3 Castagnola, Norma 3 Hanson, Jonathan C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA  3: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4837, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 258 Issue 1, p83; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: METAL carbonyls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrodesulfurization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano-catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sonolysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apcata.2003.08.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Striolo, Alberto
AU  - Gubbins, Keith E.
AU  - Chialvo, Ariel A.
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
T1  - Simulated water adsorption isotherms in carbon nanopores.
JO  - Molecular Physics
JF  - Molecular Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/10/
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 251
SN  - 00268976
AB  - Water adsorption isotherms are calculated by grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations for the SPC/E water model in carbon nanopores at 298 K. The pores are of slit or cylindrical morphology. Carbon-slit pores are of widths 0.8, 1.0 and 1.6 nm. The simulated single-walled carbon nanotubes are of 1.4 and 2.7 nm diameter ((10:10) and (20:20) respectively). In all cases considered, the adsorption isotherms are characterized by negligible adsorption at low pressures, pore filling by a capillary-condensation-like mechanism and adsorption-desorption hysteresis loops. For both pore morphologies considered, the relative pressures at which pore filling occurs, and the width of the adsorption-desorption hysteresis loop decrease with decreasing pore size. Adsorption isotherms simulated for water in carbon nanotubes show pore filling at lower relative pressures and narrower adsorption-desorption hysteresis loops when compared to adsorption isotherms simulated in carbon-slit pores of similar sizes. By using representative simulation snapshots, the mechanisms of pore filling and pore emptying are discussed. Pore filling happens by growth of hydrogen-bonded clusters of adsorbed water molecules, without the formation of monolayers as observed in the adsorption of simple fluids. Pore emptying occurs by the formation of bubbles, often in contact with the hydrophobic surface, followed by the coalescence and growth of these bubbles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12827555; Striolo, Alberto 1; Email Address: alberto.striolo@vanderbilt.edu Gubbins, Keith E. 2 Chialvo, Ariel A. 3 Cummings, Peter T. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235-1604, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, North Carolina State University, 113 Riddick Labs, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 3783 1-6110, USA; Source Info: 2/10/2004, Vol. 102 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00268970410001668507
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
T1  - Challenges for the application of quantum chemical calculations to problems in catalysis.
JO  - Molecular Physics
JF  - Molecular Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/10/
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 329
SN  - 00268976
AB  - A long-standing goal of researchers in the field of catalysis is to develop first-principles methods for determining catalyst activity and selectivity. Advances in quantum chemical methods and codes, together with impressive improvements in computer speed, have contributed significantly towards the achievement of this objective. A review of current quantum chemical theories and models of catalytically active sites is presented with the aim of defining what is possible today and what needs to be done. Particular attention is given to identifying the trade-offs between achieving accurate energies of adsorbed and transition states and computational cost. Methods available for finding reaction pathways and calculating rate coefficients are also reviewed and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12827560; Bell, Alexis T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA; Source Info: 2/10/2004, Vol. 102 Issue 3, p319; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00268970410001668480
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, Long
AU  - Sander, Michelle B.
AU  - Xiaoying Huang
AU  - Jing Li
AU  - Smith, Milton
AU  - Bittner, Edward
AU  - Bockrath, Bradley
AU  - Johnson, J. Karl
T1  - Microporous Metal Organic Materials: Promising Candidates as Sorbents for Hydrogen Storage.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/02/11/
VL  - 126
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1308
EP  - 1309
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article presents information about a new type of sorbent, microporous metal coordination materials (MMOMs) with pore dimensions comparable to the length scale of the molecular diameter of hydrogen. MMOMs share physical characteristics similar to those of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) that have been under intense investigation as storage materials. Both are lightweight and composed of open channels based on aromatic carbon. In addition, MMOMs possess several advantageous features over SWNTs that are particularly promising for improving hydrogen adsorption.
KW  - METALS
KW  - SORBENTS
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
N1  - Accession Number: 12420930; Pan, Long 1 Sander, Michelle B. 1 Xiaoying Huang 1 Jing Li 1; Email Address: jingli@rutchem.rutgers.edu Smith, Milton 2 Bittner, Edward 2 Bockrath, Bradley 2 Johnson, J. Karl 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236.  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261.; Source Info: 2/11/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 5, p1308; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SORBENTS; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Z.
T1  - Novel silicon stripixel detector: concept, simulation, design, and fabrication
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/11/
VL  - 518
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 738
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A novel detector concept has been developed in this work that has the necessary properties to provide two-dimensional (2-D) position sensitivity with a moderate number of readout electronic channels and single-sided detector fabrication process. The concept is based on interleaved pixel electrodes arranged in a projective <f>X–Y</f> readout, which makes possible position encoding with minimum number of channels. In further discussions, we refer to this concept as “stripixel” detector, as it combines the 2-D position resolution of a pixel electrode geometry with the simplicity of the projective readout of a double-sided strip detector. For DC coupled detectors with large pitches (>20 μm), individual pixels are divided into <f>X</f>- and <f>Y</f>-cell that can be interleaved by many different schemes that ensure the charge sharing between them. This type of stripixel detectors is called interleaved stripixel detectors. When the detector pitch goes down (<f><20</f> μm), the <f>X</f> and <f>Y</f>-pixel may not have to be interleaved, and they can be connected in an alternating way to <f>X–Y</f> strip readout. This type of stripixel detectors is called alternating stripixel detectors (ASD). For ASD, a position resolution better than 1 μm in two dimensions can be achieved by determining the centroid of the charge collected on pixel electrodes with a granularity in the range of 5–6 μm. For AC coupled detectors, no interleaving scheme may be needed, and there may be no limit on the pitch size, i.e. it may go from pitches in the order of microns, to hundreds of microns or even mm''s. This electrode granularity does not pose difficult demands on the lithography and the fabrication technology. This novel detector concept can be applied to any semiconductor detectors/sensors, such as Si, Ge, GaAs, SiC, diamond, etc. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - 2D position resolution
KW  - Pixel
KW  - Si detectors
KW  - Single-sided process
KW  - Strip
KW  - Stripixel
N1  - Accession Number: 12098435; Li, Z. 1; Email Address: zhengl@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 535B, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 3, p738; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2D position resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-sided process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripixel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.06.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12098435&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Donald L.
AU  - Naberejnev, Dmitri G.
T1  - Confidence intervals for the lognormal probability distribution
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/11/
VL  - 518
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 754
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The present communication addresses the topic of symmetric confidence intervals for the lognormal probability distribution. This distribution is frequently utilized to characterize inherently positive, continuous random variables that are selected to represent many physical quantities in applied nuclear science and technology. The basic formalism is outlined herein and a conjured numerical example is provided for illustration. It is demonstrated that when the uncertainty reflected in a lognormal probability distribution is large, the use of a confidence interval provides much more useful information about the variable used to represent a particular physical quantity than can be had by adhering to the notion that the mean value and standard deviation of the distribution ought to be interpreted as best value and corresponding error, respectively. Furthermore, it is shown that if the uncertainty is very large a disturbing anomaly can arise when one insists on interpreting the mean value and standard deviation as the best value and corresponding error, respectively. Reliance on using the mode and median as alternative parameters to represent the best available knowledge of a variable with large uncertainties is also shown to entail limitations. Finally, a realistic physical example involving the decay of radioactivity over a time period that spans many half-lives is presented and analyzed to further illustrate the concepts discussed in this communication. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOGNORMAL distribution
KW  - RANDOM variables
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Errors
KW  - Probability
KW  - Symmetric confidence intervals
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Variables
N1  - Accession Number: 12098436; Smith, Donald L.; Email Address: donald.l.smith@anl.gov Naberejnev, Dmitri G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 3, p754; Subject Term: LOGNORMAL distribution; Subject Term: RANDOM variables; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Errors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Symmetric confidence intervals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variables; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.068
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12098436&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arnaboldi, C.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Beeman, J.
AU  - Barucci, M.
AU  - Balata, M.
AU  - Brofferio, C.
AU  - Bucci, C.
AU  - Cebrian, S.
AU  - Creswick, R.J.
AU  - Capelli, S.
AU  - Carbone, L.
AU  - Cremonesi, O.
AU  - de Ward, A.
AU  - Fiorini, E.
AU  - Farach, H.A.
AU  - Frossati, G.
AU  - Giuliani, A.
AU  - Giugni, D.
AU  - Gorla, P.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
T1  - CUORE: a cryogenic underground observatory for rare events
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/11/
VL  - 518
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
SN  - 01689002
AB  - CUORE is a proposed tightly packed array of 1000 <f>TeO2</f> bolometers, each being a cube <f>5 cm</f> on a side with a mass of <f>760 g</f>. The array consists of 25 vertical towers, arranged in a square of 5 towers<f>×5</f> towers, each containing 10 layers of four crystals. The design of the detector is optimized for ultralow-background searches: for neutrinoless double-beta decay of <f>130Te</f> (33.8% abundance), cold dark matter, solar axions, and rare nuclear decays. A preliminary experiment involving 20 crystals <f>3×3×6 cm3</f> of <f>340 g</f> has been completed, and a single CUORE tower is being constructed as a smaller-scale experiment called CUORICINO. The expected performance and sensitivity, based on Monte Carlo simulations and extrapolations of present results, are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOLOMETERS
KW  - AXIONS
KW  - NEUTRINO astrophysics
KW  - TELLURIUM
KW  - Axions
KW  - Dark Matter
KW  - Double-beta decay
KW  - Underground detectors
KW  - WIMPs
N1  - Accession Number: 12098438; Arnaboldi, C. 1 Avignone III, F.T. 2 Beeman, J. 3,4 Barucci, M. 5 Balata, M. 6 Brofferio, C. 1 Bucci, C. 6 Cebrian, S. 7 Creswick, R.J. 2 Capelli, S. 1 Carbone, L. 1 Cremonesi, O. 1 de Ward, A. 8 Fiorini, E. 1 Farach, H.A. 2 Frossati, G. 8 Giuliani, A. 9 Giugni, D. 1 Gorla, P. 1 Haller, E.E. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Milano-Bicocca e Sezione di Milano dell'INFN, I-20136 Milan, Italy  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Firenze e Sezione di Firenze dell'INFN, I-50125 Firenze, Italy  6: Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67010 Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy  7: Laboratorio de Fisica Nuclear y Altas Energias, Universidàd de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain  8: Kamerling Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands  9: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche e Matematiche dell'Università dell'Insubria e Sezione di Milano dell'INFN, I-22100 Como, Italy; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 518 Issue 3, p775; Subject Term: BOLOMETERS; Subject Term: AXIONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINO astrophysics; Subject Term: TELLURIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Axions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark Matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-beta decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Underground detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: WIMPs; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.07.067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeng, Z.
AU  - Natesan, K.
T1  - Corrosion of metallic interconnects for SOFC in fuel gases
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/02/12/
VL  - 167
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 01672738
AB  - High-temperature alloys can be used to fabricate interconnects for reduced temperature solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC). These alloys should be neither oxidized nor attacked by carbonaceous gases. Fourteen high-temperature alloys were tested in fuel gases. These alloys were exposed to a simulated SOFC environment. Alloys were attacked by metal dusting in carbonaceous gases of high carbon activity. Pits formed on the alloy surface and grew to large holes through the alloy plate, with subsequent disintegration into a powdery mixture composed of carbon, fine particles of metal, and carbide. The oxide scales on the alloy surface were found to prevent metal dusting corrosion. If the major phase in the oxide scale was chromic oxide, the alloys had good resistance to metal dusting corrosion. However, the alloys were easily attacked if the major phase was spinel. High chromium content in the alloy was helpful to resist metal dusting. The content of spinel in the oxide scales of Ni-base alloys was much less than that in Fe-base alloys. Therefore, the metal dusting rate of Ni-base alloys was lower than that of Fe-base alloys. Alloys were more readily attacked by metal dusting in the high-pressure environment. High humidity retarded metal dusting. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - GASES
KW  - FUEL
KW  - METALS
KW  - Metal dusting corrosion
KW  - Metallic interconnects
KW  - Oxide scale
KW  - Raman
KW  - SOFC
N1  - Accession Number: 12502179; Zeng, Z. 1 Natesan, K.; Email Address: natesan@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, 60439, Argonne IL, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 167 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: METALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal dusting corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic interconnects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxide scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOFC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, S.-J.
AU  - Wachsman, E.D.
AU  - Rhodes, J.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Hydrogen permeability of SrCe1−xMxO3−δ (x=0.05, M=Eu, Sm)
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/02/12/
VL  - 167
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 01672738
AB  - The hydrogen permeability of SrCe0.95Eu0.05O3−δ and SrCe0.95Sm0.05O3−δ was studied as a function of temperature, hydrogen partial pressure (PH2) gradient, and water vapor partial pressure (PH2O) gradient. Under a 100% dry hydrogen condition at 1123 K, the hydrogen permeation rates of dense membranes (1.72 mm thick) are &ap;3.19×10−9 mol/cm2 s for SrCe0.95Eu0.05O3−δ and 2.33×10−9 mol/cm2 s for SrCe0.95Sm0.05O3−δ. Under wet hydrogen conditions at 1123 K, the hydrogen permeation rates are &ap;2.89×10−9 and 1.21×10−9 mol/cm2 s, respectively, for the same materials. The dopant dependence of hydrogen permeability is explained in terms of the ionization potential of the dopant. Electronic conductivity was calculated from hydrogen permeation fluxes; activation energies for electron conduction under both dry and wet conditions were also calculated. The PH2O dependence of electronic conductivity and hydrogen permeability is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - Electronic conductivity
KW  - Hydrogen permeation
KW  - SrCe0.95Eu0.05O3−δ
KW  - SrCe0.95Sm0.05O3−δ
N1  - Accession Number: 12502190; Song, S.-J. 1 Wachsman, E.D. 1; Email Address: ewach@mse.ufl.edu Rhodes, J. 1 Dorris, S.E. 2 Balachandran, U. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 167 Issue 1/2, p99; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen permeation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SrCe0.95Eu0.05O3−δ; Author-Supplied Keyword: SrCe0.95Sm0.05O3−δ; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.12.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12502190&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, G.X.
AU  - Guo, Z.P.
AU  - Yang, X.Q.
AU  - McBreen, J.
AU  - Liu, H.K.
AU  - Dou, S.X.
T1  - Electrochemical and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies of Li[Li0.3Cr0.1Mn0.6]O2 cathode materials
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/02/12/
VL  - 167
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Layered Li[Li0.3Cr0.1Mn0.6]O2 cathode material with a hexagonal structure was synthesized by a solid-state reaction. The structural changes of this material were studied using a synchrotron-based in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique during charge/discharge cycles. The results of in situ X-ray diffraction indicated that the layer structure and the hexagonal symmetry of this material were preserved through the phase transition between H1 and H2 during the charge/discharge cycling. When cycled in the voltage range of 2.0–4.5 V, the changes in lattice parameters a and c are smaller than those for the LiNiO2 layered material. When charged to a high voltage at 5.1 V, the hexagonal phase H3, which is commonly formed at voltages higher than 4.3 V in LiNiO2 with a very short c-axis, is not observed in the Li[Li0.3Cr0.1Mn0.6]O2 cathode, indicating a possible high thermal stability in the fully charged state. Cyclic voltammograms show a single pair of oxidation and reduction peaks, consistent with a reversible phase transition between H1 and H2 observed from the in situ X-ray diffraction data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR nuclear counters
KW  - Cathode
KW  - In situ X-ray diffraction
KW  - Lithium intercalation
KW  - Solid solution
N1  - Accession Number: 12502200; Wang, G.X. 1; Email Address: gwang@uow.edu.au Guo, Z.P. 1 Yang, X.Q. 2 McBreen, J. 2 Liu, H.K. 1 Dou, S.X. 1; Affiliation:  1: ISEM, University of Wollongong, Northfield AV, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 167 Issue 1/2, p183; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR nuclear counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium intercalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid solution; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.12.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12502200&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Puso, Michael A.
AU  - Laursen, Tod A.
T1  - A mortar segment-to-segment contact method for large deformation solid mechanics
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/02/13/
VL  - 193
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
SN  - 00457825
AB  - Contact modeling is still one of the most difficult aspects of non-linear implicit structural analysis. Most 3D contact algorithms employed today use node-on-segment approaches for contacting dissimilar meshes. Two pass node-on-segment contact approaches have the well known deficiency of locking due to over-constraint. In this work, we develop and demonstrate a segment-to-segment contact approach based on the mortar method. By eliminating the over-constraint, this method appears to be much more robust than the node-on-segment approach. Furthermore, node-on-segment approaches suffer when individual nodes slide out of contact at contact surface boundaries or when contacting nodes slide from facet to facet. This causes jumps in the contact forces due to the discrete nature of the constraint enforcement and difficulties in convergence for implicit solution techniques. These jumps in forces are avoided in the segment-to-segment approach, since penetration is measured by the occluded weighted volume which varies smoothly with perturbations.Until now, all mortar schemes have been developed for small deformation/sliding and have mainly been applied on flat surfaces. Here we will present the integration scheme and the linearization approach used for handling the contact surface integrals in the event of large sliding. The schemes are designed to conserve linear momentum and can be applied to arbitrarily curved 3D surfaces. Although expensive, our numerical examples demonstrate that the approach is far more robust than even smoothed node-on-segment contact techniques. That is, problems previously not solvable with node-on-segment can now be solved with our segment-to-segment contact. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTACT mechanics
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - Contact
KW  - Finite elements
KW  - Large deformation
KW  - Mortar method
N1  - Accession Number: 12042247; Puso, Michael A. 1; Email Address: puso@llnl.gov Laursen, Tod A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, The University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Computational Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 193 Issue 6-8, p601; Subject Term: CONTACT mechanics; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mortar method; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.10.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hong-Geller, Elizabeth
AU  - Möllhoff, Margit
AU  - Shiflett, Patrick R.
AU  - Gupta, Goutam
T1  - Design of Chimeric Receptor Mimics with Different TcRVβ Isoforms.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/13/
VL  - 279
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 5676
EP  - 5684
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins (S.E.) A-I, and toxic-shock syndrome toxin TSST-1 act as superantigens to cause overstimulation of the host immune system, leading to the onset of various diseases including food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. SAgs bind as intact proteins to the DRα1 domain of the MHC class II receptor and the TcRVβ domain from the T cell receptor and cause excessive release of cytokines such as IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and hyperproliferation of T cells. In addition, different SAgs bind and activate different TcRVβ isoforms during pathogenesis of human immune cells. These two properties of SAgs prompted us to design several chimeric DRα1-linker-TcRVβ proteins using different TcRVβ isoforms to create chimeras that would specifically inhibit the pathogenesis of SAgs against which they were designed. In this study, we compare the design, interaction, and inhibitory properties of three different DRα1-linker-TcRVβ chimeras targeted against three different SAgs, SEB, SEC3, and TSST-1. The inhibitory properties of the chimeras were tested by monitoring IL-2 release and T cell proliferation using a primary human cell model. We demonstrate that the three chimeras specifically inhibit the pathogenesis of their target superantigen. We performed molecular modeling to analyze the structural basis of the type specificity exhibited by different chimeras designed against their target SAgs, examine the role of the linker in determining binding and specificity, and suggest site-specific mutations in the chimera to enhance binding affinity. The fact that our strategy works equally well for SEB and TSST-1, two widely different phylogenic variants, suggests that the DRα1-linkerTcRVβ chimeras may be developed as a general therapy against a broad spectrum of superantigens released during Staphylococcal infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTEROTOXINS
KW  - TOXIC shock syndrome toxin-1
KW  - BACTERIAL toxins
KW  - SUPERANTIGENS
KW  - BACTERIAL antigens
KW  - T cell receptors
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - INTERLEUKIN-2
N1  - Accession Number: 12523450; Hong-Geller, Elizabeth 1 Möllhoff, Margit 1 Shiflett, Patrick R. 1 Gupta, Goutam 1; Email Address: gxg@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, New Mexico; Source Info: 2/13/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 7, p5676; Subject Term: ENTEROTOXINS; Subject Term: TOXIC shock syndrome toxin-1; Subject Term: BACTERIAL toxins; Subject Term: SUPERANTIGENS; Subject Term: BACTERIAL antigens; Subject Term: T cell receptors; Subject Term: CYTOKINES; Subject Term: INTERLEUKIN-2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hearn, Amy S.
AU  - Li Fan
AU  - Lepock, James R.
AU  - Luba, James P.
AU  - Greenleaf, William B.
AU  - Cabell, Diane E.
AU  - Tainer, John A.
AU  - Nick, Harry S.
AU  - Silverman, David N.
T1  - Amino Acid Substitution at the Dimeric Interface of Human Manganese Superoxide Dismutase.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/13/
VL  - 279
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 5861
EP  - 5866
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The side chains of His30 and Tyr166 from adjacent subunits in the homotetramer human manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) form a hydrogen bond across the dimer interface and participate in a hydrogen-bonded network that extends to the active site. Compared with wild-type Mn-SOD, the site-specific mutants H30N, Y166F, and the corresponding double mutant showed 10-fold decreases in steady-state constants for catalysis measured by pulse radiolysis. The observation of no additional effect upon the second mutation is an example of cooperatively interacting residues. A similar effect was observed in the thermal stability of these enzymes; the double mutant did not reduce the major unfolding transition to an extent greater than either single mutant. The crystal structures of these site-specific mutants each have unique conformational changes, but each has lost the hydrogen bond across the dimer interface, which results in a decrease in catalysis. These same mutations caused an enhancement of the dissociation of the product-inhibited complex. That is, His30 and Tyr166 in wild-type Mn-SOD act to prolong the lifetime of the inhibited complex. This would have a selective advantage in blocking a cellular overproduction of toxic H2O2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPEROXIDE dismutase
KW  - MANGANESE enzymes
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - DIMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 12523472; Hearn, Amy S. 1 Li Fan 2 Lepock, James R. Luba, James P. 1 Greenleaf, William B. 1 Cabell, Diane E. 1 Tainer, John A. 3 Nick, Harry S. 2 Silverman, David N. 1; Email Address: silverman@college.med.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Florida  2: Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory  3: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada; Source Info: 2/13/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 7, p5861; Subject Term: SUPEROXIDE dismutase; Subject Term: MANGANESE enzymes; Subject Term: TYROSINE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: DIMERS; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Su-Jung Park
AU  - Ciccone, Samantha L.M.
AU  - Freie, Brian
AU  - Kurimasa, Akihiro
AU  - Chen, David J.
AU  - Li, Gloria C.
AU  - Clapp, Wade
AU  - Lee, Suk-Hee
T1  - A Positive Role for the Ku Complex in DNA Replication Following Strand Break Damage in Mammals.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/13/
VL  - 279
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 6046
EP  - 6055
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Ku70-Ku80 complex is the regulatory subunit of DNAdependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and plays an essential role in double-strand break repair following ionizing radiation (IR). It preferentially interacts with chromosomal breaks and protects DNA ends from nuclease attack. Here we show evidence that cells defective in Ku80 exhibit a significantly slow S phase progression following DNA damage. IR-induced retardation in S phase progression in Ku80-/- cells was not due to the lack of DNA-PK kinase activity because both wild-type cells and DNA-PKcs-deficient cells showed no such symptom. Instead, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) dissociated from chromosomes following IR in Ku80-deficient cells but not in wild-type or DNA-PKcsdeficient cells. Treatment of HeLa cells with IR induced colocalization of the Ku complex with PCNA on chromosomes. Together, these results suggest that binding of the Ku complex at chromosomal breaks may be necessary to maintain the sliding clamps (PCNA) on chromatin, which would allow cells to resume DNA replication without a major delay following IR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - DNA synthesis
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - HELA cells
KW  - CHROMATIN
N1  - Accession Number: 12523491; Su-Jung Park 1,2 Ciccone, Samantha L.M. 3 Freie, Brian 3 Kurimasa, Akihiro 4 Chen, David J. 4 Li, Gloria C. 5 Clapp, Wade 3,6 Lee, Suk-Hee 1,2; Email Address: slee@iupui.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology  2: Walther Cancer Institute  3: Departments of Microbiology and Immunology  4: Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory  5: Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York  6: Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine; Source Info: 2/13/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 7, p6046; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: DNA synthesis; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: HELA cells; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Chen, Liaohai
AU  - Deamer, David
AU  - Krakauer, David C.
AU  - Packard, Norman H.
AU  - Stadler, Peter F.
AU  - Bedau, Mark A.
T1  - Transitions from Nonliving to Living Matter.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/13/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5660
M3  - Article
SP  - 963
EP  - 965
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - All life forms are composed of molecules that are not themselves alive. But in what ways do living and nonliving matter differ? Regeneration and replication involve transforming molecules and energy from the environment into cellular aggregations, and evolution requires heritable variation in cellular processes. Here is described technology that could integrate different chemical systems by developing chemical reactions across multiple spatially separated micrometer-sized channels, which act as computer-controlled microreactors.
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - CELLS
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - MICROMETERS (Instruments)
KW  - MICROREACTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12350783; Rasmussen, Steen 1; Email Address: steen@lanl.gov Chen, Liaohai 2 Deamer, David 3 Krakauer, David C. 4 Packard, Norman H. 5 Stadler, Peter F. 6 Bedau, Mark A. 7; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  3: University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.  4: Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87506, USA.  5: ProtoLife Srl, Venice, Italy.  6: University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.  7: Reed College, Portland, OR 97202, USA.; Source Info: 2/13/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5660, p963; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: MICROMETERS (Instruments); Subject Term: MICROREACTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332216 Saw Blade and Handtool Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332210 Cutlery and hand tool manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1852
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sleno, Lekha
AU  - Chalmers, Michael J.
AU  - Volmer, Dietrich A.
T1  - Structural study of spirolide marine toxins by mass spectrometry: Part II. Mass spectrometric characterization of unknown spirolides and related compounds in a cultured phytoplankton extract.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 378
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 977
EP  - 986
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - The spirolides are a family of marine biotoxins derived from the dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii, recently isolated from contaminated shellfish and characterized. A crude phytoplankton extract has been extensively studied for mass spectrometric determination and characterization of several known spirolides and previously unreported compounds. The complex sample was initially analyzed by full-scan mass spectrometry in an ion-trap instrument, enabling identification of several components. Subsequent analysis by selected-ion monitoring in a triple-quadrupole instrument resulted in the confirmation of the identities of the compounds detected in the ion trap. Purification of the crude extract was performed using an automated mass-based fractionation system, yielding several fractions with different relative contributions of the spirolide components. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) in the triple-quadrupole instrument produced significant fragment ions for all identified species. Selective enrichment of some minor compounds in certain fractions enabled excellent CID spectra to be generated; this had previously been impossible, because of interferences from the major toxins present. Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry was then performed for accurate determination of the masses of MH+ ions of all the species present in the sample. Additionally, infrared multiphoton dissociation in the FTICR instrument generated elemental formulae for product ions, including those formed in the previous collisional activation experiments. Collection of these results and the fragmentation scheme proposed for the main component of the extract, 13-desmethyl spirolide C, from part I of this study, enabled elucidation of the structures of some uncharacterized spirolides and some biogenetically related compounds present at previously unreported masses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARINE toxins
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - PHYTOPLANKTON
KW  - PLANT extracts
KW  - TOXINS
KW  - ION traps
KW  - Alexandrium ostenfeldii
KW  - Alexandrium ostenfeldii.
KW  - Automated mass-based fractionation
KW  - Collision-induced dissociation
KW  - Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
KW  - Full-scan mass spectrometry
KW  - Infrared multiphoton dissociation
KW  - Ion-trap mass spectrometry
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Selected-ion monitoring
KW  - Spirolide marine toxins
KW  - Triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 15125797; Sleno, Lekha 1 Chalmers, Michael J. 2 Volmer, Dietrich A. 1; Email Address: Dietrich.Volmer@nrc.ca; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Marine Biosciences, National Research Council, 1411 Oxford Street, B3H 3Z1, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, USA.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 378 Issue 4, p977; Subject Term: MARINE toxins; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: PHYTOPLANKTON; Subject Term: PLANT extracts; Subject Term: TOXINS; Subject Term: ION traps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alexandrium ostenfeldii; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alexandrium ostenfeldii.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automated mass-based fractionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collision-induced dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Full-scan mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared multiphoton dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-trap mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phytoplankton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selected-ion monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spirolide marine toxins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-003-2296-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen, Y.
AU  - Tolić, N.
AU  - Masselon, C.
AU  - Paša-Tolić, L.
AU  - Camp II, D. G.
AU  - Lipton, M. S.
AU  - Anderson, G. A.
AU  - Smith, R. D.
T1  - Nanoscale proteomics.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 378
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1037
EP  - 1045
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - Efforts to develop a liquid chromatography (LC)/mass spectrometry (MS) technology for ultra-sensitive proteomics studies (i.e., nanoscale proteomics) are described. The approach combines high-efficiency nanoscale LC (separation peak capacity of ≈103; 15-μm-i.d. packed capillaries with flow rates of 20 nL min-1, the optimal separation linear velocity) with advanced MS, including high-sensitivity and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS, to perform both single-stage MS and tandem MS (MS/MS) proteomic analyses. The technology enables broad protein identification from nanogram-size proteomics samples and allows the characterization of more abundant proteins from sub-picogram-size samples. Protein identification in such studies using MS is demonstrated from <75 zeptomole of a protein. The average proteome measurement throughput is ~50 proteins h-1 using MS/MS during separations, presently requiring approximately 3 h sample-1. Greater throughput (~300 proteins h-1) and improved detection limits providing more comprehensive proteome coverage can be obtained by using the “accurate mass and time” tag approach developed in our laboratory. This approach provides a dynamic range of at least 106 for protein relative abundances and an improved basis for quantitation. These capabilities lay the foundation for studies from single or limited numbers of cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - PROTEINS -- Research
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - LC
KW  - LC/MS
KW  - LC/MS/MS
KW  - NanoESI
KW  - NanoLC
KW  - Proteomics
KW  - Proteomics.
N1  - Accession Number: 15125818; Shen, Y. 1 Tolić, N. 1 Masselon, C. 1 Paša-Tolić, L. 1 Camp II, D. G. 1 Lipton, M. S. 1 Anderson, G. A. 1 Smith, R. D. 1; Email Address: rds@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 99352, Richland, WA, USA.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 378 Issue 4, p1037; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: PROTEINS -- Research; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: LC; Author-Supplied Keyword: LC/MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: LC/MS/MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: NanoESI; Author-Supplied Keyword: NanoLC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proteomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proteomics.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-003-2329-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahmad, Tarab
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Lin, Bingchang
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Single-Component Shock Layer Analysis in Elution Chromatography.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 977
EP  - 984
SN  - 00032700
AB  - One of the fundamental results of the theory of nonlinear chromatography is that a propagation velocity is associated with each concentration, This velocity is related to the slope of the isotherm at the corresponding concentration. It follows that if a continuous concentration gradient is injected into a column, the gradient profile will not propagate in a mere translation but will progressively change shape. In the most common case of a convex upward isotherm (e.g., Langmuir), a linear gradient will become curved upward, the high concentrations migrating faster than the low ones. However, high concentrations cannot pass low ones, so the concentrations pile up, a concentration shock forms, and its height increases. In practice, axial dispersion and the mass-transfer resistances combine and prevent the formation of a true shock. A shock layer, a region where the concentration gradient is very steep, is formed. This shock layer migrates at the same velocity as the ideal shock would. Many characteristics of concentration shocks and shock layers have been determined previously, but not the time that it takes for a continuous gradient to turn into a shock layer, the circumstances of the birth of the shock layer, and of its growth. Yet, this is important to know to understand certain aspects of gradient elution. We have derived simple equations relating the circumstances of the birth of shocks to the phase equilibrium isotherm and to the column characteristics. The results of experimental measurements made with a high-efficiency analytical column are in excellent agreement with these theoretical predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - SPEED
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - SHOCK (Pathology)
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12464273; Ahmad, Tarab 1,2 Gritti, Fabrice 1,2 Lin, Bingchang 3 Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600.  2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6120.  3: Center of Separation Technology, Anshan University of Science & Technology, Anshan, Liaoning, 114044, P. R. China.; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 4, p977; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: SHOCK (Pathology); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yufeng Shen
AU  - Jacobs, Jon M.
AU  - Camp II, David G.
AU  - Fang, Ruihua
AU  - Moore, Ronald J.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Xiao, Wenzhong
AU  - Davis, Ronald W.
AU  - Tompkins, Ronald G.
T1  - Ultra-High-Efficiency Strong Cation Exchange LC/RPLC/MS/MS for High Dynamic Range Characterization of the Human Plasma Proteome.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1134
EP  - 1144
SN  - 00032700
AB  - High-efficiency nanoscale reversed-phase liquid chromatography (chromatographic peak capacities of ∼1000: Shen, Y.; Zhao, R.; Berger, S. J.; Anderson, G. A.; Rodriguez, N.; Smith, R. D. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 4235. Shen, Y.; Moore, R. J.; Zhao, R.; Blonder, J.; Auberry, P. L.; Masselon, C.; Pasa-Tolic, L; Hixson, K. K.; Auberry, K. J.; Smith, R. D. Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 3596.) and strong cation exchange LC was used to obtain ultra-high-efficiency separations (combined chromatographic peak capacities of > 104) in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for characterization of the human plasma proteome. Using conservative SE-QUEST peptide identification criteria (i.e., without considering chymotryptic or elastic peptides) and peptide LC normalized elution time constraints, the separation quality enabled the identification of proteins over a dynamic range of greater than 8 orders of magnitude in relative abundance using ion trap MS/MS instrumentation. Between 800 and 1682 human proteins were identified, depending on the criteria used for identification, from a total of 365 pg of human plasma. The analyses identified relatively low-level (∼pg/mL) proteins (e.g., cytokines) coexisting with high-abundance proteins (e.g., mg/mL-level serum albumin). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12464293; Yufeng Shen 1 Jacobs, Jon M. 1 Camp II, David G. 1 Fang, Ruihua 1 Moore, Ronald J. 1 Smith, Richard D. 1 Xiao, Wenzhong 2 Davis, Ronald W. 2 Tompkins, Ronald G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304.  3: Department of Surgery, Shriners Burn Center and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 4, p1134; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CATIONS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohkubo, I.
AU  - Christen, H.M.
AU  - Khalifah, P.
AU  - Sathyamurthy, S.
AU  - Zhai, H.Y.
AU  - Rouleau, C.M.
AU  - Mandrus, D.G.
AU  - Lowndes, D.H.
T1  - Continuous composition-spread thin films of transition metal oxides by pulsed-laser deposition
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 223
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We have designed an improved pulsed-laser deposition–continuous composition-spread (PLD–CCS) system that overcomes the difficulties associated with earlier related techniques. Our new PLD–CCS system is based on a precisely controlled synchronization between the laser firing, target exchange, and substrate translation/rotation, and offers more flexibility and control than earlier PLD-based approaches. Most importantly, the deposition energetics and the film thickness are kept constant across the entire composition range, and the resulting samples are sufficiently large to allow characterization by conventional techniques. We fabricated binary alloy composition-spread films composed of SrRuO3 and CaRuO3. Alternating ablation from two different ceramic targets leads to in situ alloy formation, and the value of x in SrxCax−1RuO3 can be changed linearly from 0 to 1 (or over any arbitrarily smaller range) along one direction of the substrate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - RUBIDIUM
KW  - Composition spread
KW  - Epitaxial thin films
KW  - PLD
KW  - Transition metal oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 11884251; Ohkubo, I.; Email Address: okuboi@ornl.gov Christen, H.M. 1 Khalifah, P. 1 Sathyamurthy, S. 1 Zhai, H.Y. 1 Rouleau, C.M. 1 Mandrus, D.G. 1 Lowndes, D.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 223 Issue 1-3, p35; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: RUBIDIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition spread; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxial thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: PLD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition metal oxides; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00914-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perkins, J.D.
AU  - Teplin, C.W.
AU  - van Hest, M.F.A.M
AU  - Alleman, J.L.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Dabney, M.S.
AU  - Keyes, B.M.
AU  - Gedvilas, L.M.
AU  - Ginley, D.S.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Lu, Y.
T1  - Optical analysis of thin film combinatorial libraries
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 223
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We have developed, and are using, optical reflection and transmission mapping as a characterization tool for analyzing compositionally graded thin film combinatorial libraries. Measurements cover the spectral range of 200 nm to 25 μm. For the UV-Vis–NIR region, a multichannel fiber optically coupled CCD array-based spectrometer is used for simultaneous reflection and transmission mapping. For the IR, a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer is used for sequential reflection and transmission maps. Depending upon the type of library being analyzed, the measured spectra can, with appropriate modeling, be analyzed for the optical band gap, film thickness, index of refraction, plasma frequency, conductivity, carrier scattering time and color, in addition to simple reflectance and transmittance. We discuss these techniques using examples taken from our work on both transparent conducting oxides and metal nitrides for optical coatings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Optical coatings
KW  - Thin film combinatorial libraries
KW  - Transparent conducting oxide (TCO)
N1  - Accession Number: 11884266; Perkins, J.D. 1; Email Address: john_perkins@nrel.gov Teplin, C.W. 1 van Hest, M.F.A.M 1 Alleman, J.L. 1 Li, X. 1 Dabney, M.S. 1 Keyes, B.M. 1 Gedvilas, L.M. 1 Ginley, D.S. 1 Lin, Y. 2 Lu, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA  2: Guardian Industries, Auburn Hills, MI 48326-1714, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 223 Issue 1-3, p124; Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film combinatorial libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transparent conducting oxide (TCO); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00917-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Xiaonan
AU  - Gessert, Timothy A.
AU  - Coutts, Timothy
T1  - The properties of cadmium tin oxide thin-film compounds prepared by linear combinatorial synthesis
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 223
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 138
SN  - 01694332
AB  - SnO2 and CdO films with high electrical and optical quality have been produced by using low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Based on the knowledge gained from binary oxide formation, linear combinatorial synthesis is used to study the ternary oxide (Cd–Sn–O) compound. Compositional, structural, electrical, and optical properties of the films are found to vary along the reactant gas flow direction. The crystal structure indicates that the CdO-like films are formed near the location of gas injection and SnO2-like films near the end of the deposition zone. As composition and structure change, the carrier concentration varies around 1020 cm−3, and the mobility increases from less than 1 to ∼60 cm2 V−1 s−1. The optical bandgap of the films also increases from ∼2.75 to 3.65 eV as composition moves from CdO-like films to SnO2-like films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - STRONTIUM compounds
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
KW  - Cadmium tin oxide
KW  - Linear combinatorial synthesis
KW  - Material properties
KW  - MOCVD
KW  - Thin film
KW  - Transparent conducting oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 11884268; Li, Xiaonan; Email Address: xiaonan_li@nrel.gov Gessert, Timothy A. 1 Coutts, Timothy 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 223 Issue 1-3, p138; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: STRONTIUM compounds; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium tin oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linear combinatorial synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Material properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOCVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transparent conducting oxides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00909-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chu, Yong S.
AU  - Tkachuk, Andrei
AU  - Vogt, Stefan
AU  - Ilinski, Petr
AU  - Walko, Donald A.
AU  - Mancini, Derrick C.
AU  - Dufresne, Eric M.
AU  - He, Liang
AU  - Tsui, Frank
T1  - Structural investigation of CoMnGe combinatorial epitaxial thin films using microfocused synchrotron X-ray
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 223
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We discuss important experimental considerations and high-throughput synchrotron-based techniques for structural characterization of binary and ternary composition-spread thin films. We apply these techniques to obtain detailed structural phase diagrams of CoMnGe ternary alloy system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - CoMnGe
KW  - Composition-spread
KW  - Phase diagram
N1  - Accession Number: 11884273; Chu, Yong S. 1; Email Address: ychu@aps.anl.gov Tkachuk, Andrei 1 Vogt, Stefan 1 Ilinski, Petr 1 Walko, Donald A. 1 Mancini, Derrick C. 1 Dufresne, Eric M. 2 He, Liang 3 Tsui, Frank 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439-4856, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  3: Department Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 223 Issue 1-3, p175; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: CoMnGe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition-spread; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase diagram; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00894-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vogt, Stefan
AU  - Chu, Yong S.
AU  - Tkachuk, Andrei
AU  - Ilinski, Petr
AU  - Walko, Donald A.
AU  - Tsui, Frank
T1  - Composition characterization of combinatorial materials by scanning X-ray fluorescence microscopy using microfocused synchrotron X-ray beam
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 223
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We describe a high-throughput scanning X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microscopy setup using a microfocused synchrotron X-ray beam, which is optimized for in-parallel X-ray characterization of composition and crystalline structure of combinatorial samples. We present X-ray fluorescence elemental maps of a full ternary CoxMnyGe1−x−y composition-spread thin film and discuss the quantitative analysis method used for obtaining the ternary composition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - COMBINATORIAL chemistry
KW  - CoMnGe
KW  - Composition-spread
KW  - Synchrotron radiation instrumentation
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - X-ray fluorescence
N1  - Accession Number: 11884280; Vogt, Stefan 1 Chu, Yong S. 1; Email Address: ychu@aps.anl.gov Tkachuk, Andrei 1 Ilinski, Petr 1 Walko, Donald A. 1 Tsui, Frank 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439-4856, USA  2: Department Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 223 Issue 1-3, p214; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: CoMnGe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition-spread; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray fluorescence; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00895-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teplin, C.W.
AU  - van Hest, M.F.A.M.
AU  - Dabney, M.
AU  - Perkins, C.L.
AU  - Gedvillas, L.M.
AU  - To, B.
AU  - Parilla, P.A.
AU  - Keyes, B.M.
AU  - Perkins, J.D.
AU  - Ginley, D.S.
AU  - Lin, Yuping
AU  - Lu, Yiwei
T1  - Combinatorial study of reactively sputtered Cr–Ti–N
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 223
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 01694332
AB  - A combinatorial study of ternary Cr–Ti–N libraries is reported. Sixteen libraries were grown with a range of metallic composition gradients and different nitrogen contents. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron microprobe analysis (EPMA) show that these libraries encompass a large portion of the ternary phase space. Optical transmission and reflection measurements from near ultra-violet to infra-red wavelengths suggest that both the color and infra-red reflectivity can be optimized for this ternary system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMBINATORIAL chemistry
KW  - TITANIUM nitride
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Combinatorial
KW  - CrN
KW  - dc sputtering
KW  - TiN
N1  - Accession Number: 11884289; Teplin, C.W. 1; Email Address: charles_teplin@nrel.gov van Hest, M.F.A.M. 1 Dabney, M. 1 Perkins, C.L. 1 Gedvillas, L.M. 1 To, B. 1 Parilla, P.A. 1 Keyes, B.M. 1 Perkins, J.D. 1 Ginley, D.S. 1 Lin, Yuping 2 Lu, Yiwei 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Guardian Industries, 2300 Harmon Road, Auburn Hills, MI 48326-1714, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 223 Issue 1-3, p253; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL chemistry; Subject Term: TITANIUM nitride; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combinatorial; Author-Supplied Keyword: CrN; Author-Supplied Keyword: dc sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: TiN; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00927-9
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Bratko, Dusan
AU  - Prausnitz, John M.
AU  - Blanch, Harvey W.
T1  - Effect of alcohols on aqueous lysozyme–lysozyme interactions from static light-scattering measurements
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 107
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
SN  - 03014622
AB  - Alcohols have been widely used as protein denaturants, precipitants and crystallization reagents. We have studied the effect of alcohols on aqueous hen-egg lysozyme self-interactions by measuring the osmotic second virial coefficient (B22) using static light scattering. Addition of alcohols increases B22, indicating stronger protein–protein repulsion or weaker attraction. For the monohydric alcohols used in this study (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol and trifluoroethanol), B22 for lysozyme reaches a common plateau at approximately 5% (v/v) alcohol, while glycerol increases B22 more than monohydric alcohols. For a 0.05 M NaCl hen-egg lysozyme solution at pH 7, B22 increases from 2.4×10−4 to 4.7×10−4 ml mol/g2 upon addition of monohydric alcohols and to 5.8×10−4 ml mol/g2 upon addition of glycerol. We describe the alcohol effect using a simple model that supplements the DLVO theory with an additional alcohol-dependent term representing orientation-averaged hydrophobic interactions. In this model, the increased lysozyme repulsive forces in the presence of monohydric alcohols are interpreted in terms of adsorption of alcohol molecules on hydrophobic sites on the protein surface. This adsorption reduces attractive hydrophobic protein–protein interactions. A thicker lysozyme hydration layer in aqueous glycerol solution can explain the glycerol-increased lysozyme–lysozyme repulsion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - BIOLOGICAL reagents
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - MEAN field theory
KW  - Alcohols
KW  - Hydrophobic interactions
KW  - Osmotic second virial coefficient
KW  - Potential of mean force
KW  - Protein–protein interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 12237399; Liu, Wei 1 Bratko, Dusan 1 Prausnitz, John M. 1,2 Blanch, Harvey W. 1; Email Address: blanch@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 107 Issue 3, p289; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL reagents; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: MEAN field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alcohols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrophobic interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Osmotic second virial coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potential of mean force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein–protein interactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bpc.2003.09.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riebe, Clifford S.
AU  - Kirchner, James W.
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
T1  - Sharp decrease in long-term chemical weathering rates along an altitudinal transect
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 218
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We used cosmogenic nuclide and geochemical mass balance methods to measure long-term rates of chemical weathering and physical erosion across a steep climatic gradient in the Santa Rosa Mountains, Nevada. Our study sites are distributed along a 2 km ridgeline transect that spans 2090 to 2750 m in altitude, and encompasses marked contrasts in both vegetative cover and snow depth, but is underlain by a single, roughly uniform, granodiorite bedrock. Cosmogenic nuclides in colluvial soils reveal that denudation rates vary by less than a factor of 1.4 (104–144 t/km2/yr) along this transect. Bulk elemental analyses indicate that, relative to the parent rock, soils are less intensively weathered with increasing altitude, and show little evidence of weathering-related mass losses near the top of the ridge. Chemical weathering rates decrease rapidly with increasing altitude, both in absolute terms (from 24 to 0 t/km2/yr) and as a fraction of total denudation rates (from 20 to 0%). Thus these results indicate an increasing dominance of physical erosion with altitude. The observed decrease in chemical weathering rates is greater than one would predict from the decrease in mean annual temperature using simple weathering kinetics, suggesting that weathering rates along our transect may also be affected by the progressive decline in vegetative cover and increase in snow depth with increasing altitude. These results, considered together with weathering rate measurements for a wide range of climates in the Sierra Nevada, USA, suggest that chemical weathering rates may be particularly sensitive to differences in climate at higher-altitude sites. Consistent with this hypothesis, chemical weathering rates fall virtually to zero at the highest sites on our transect, suggesting that sparsely vegetated, high-altitude crystalline terrain may often be characterized by extremely slow silicate weathering rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MASS budget (Geophysics)
KW  - CHEMICAL weathering
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - chemical weathering rates
KW  - cosmogenic nuclides
KW  - physical erosion rates
KW  - weathering-climate feedbacks
N1  - Accession Number: 12097883; Riebe, Clifford S. 1; Email Address: riebe@seismo.berkeley.edu Kirchner, James W. 1; Email Address: kirchner@seismo.berkeley.edu Finkel, Robert C. 2,3; Email Address: finkell@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Earth Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 218 Issue 3/4, p421; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: MASS budget (Geophysics); Subject Term: CHEMICAL weathering; Subject Term: NEVADA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical weathering rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmogenic nuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: physical erosion rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: weathering-climate feedbacks; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00673-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aciego, Sarah
AU  - Kennedy, B.M.
AU  - DePaolo, Donald J.
AU  - Christensen, John N.
AU  - Hutcheon, Ian
T1  - Erratum to “U–Th/He age of phenocrystic garnet from the 79 AD eruption of Mt. Vesuvius”: [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 216 (2003) 209–219]
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 218
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 541
SN  - 0012821X
N1  - Accession Number: 12097892; Aciego, Sarah 1,2; Email Address: aciego@eps.berkeley.edu Kennedy, B.M. 1; Email Address: bmkennedy@lbl.gov DePaolo, Donald J. 1,2; Email Address: depaolo@eps.berkeley.edu Christensen, John N. 1; Email Address: jnchristensen@lbl.gov Hutcheon, Ian 3; Email Address: hutcheon1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA  3: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 218 Issue 3/4, p541; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00614-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mckinley, James P.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Heald, Steven M.
AU  - Dohnalkova, Alice
AU  - Newville, Matthew G.
AU  - Sutton, Steve R.
T1  - Microscale Distribution of Cesium Sorbed to Biotite and Muscovite.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1017
EP  - 1023
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Individual 1--3 mm biotite and muscovite clasts from Hanford sediment were contacted with 0.08 M CsNO3. They were examined using electron or X-ray microprobe methods, as intact specimens or sectioned perpendicular to their basal planes. Cs+ was observed to Preferentially sorb to mica edges, steps on mica surfaces, or fractured regions. The localization of Cs conformed to hypothesized strong binding to frayed edge sites in preference to sites on basal planes. In section, Cs+ was found to penetrate the mica interior, forming discrete zones of concentration, particularly in muscovite. In biotite, Cs was more abundant, permeating the clasts, but also forming discrete zones of higher concentration. Concentrated Cs on both clast edges and within clast interiors corresponded to microscopic but relatively extensive zones where K was depleted. The localization of sorbed Cs in areas where K was depleted suggested that weathering reactions had caused the formation of frayed edge sites within the micas. Cs+ accessed crystal interiors by diffusion along channels following crystal defects, cracks, or partings where pore fluids had previously migrated to form the interior alteration zones. On the nanometer scale, areas with localized Cs were disrupted, confirming that frayed edge sites were developed in clast interiors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Alkali metals
KW  - Weathering
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Biotite
KW  - Mica
KW  - Muscovite
N1  - Accession Number: 12444325; Mckinley, James P. 1; Zachara, John M. 1; Heald, Steven M. 1,2; Dohnalkova, Alice 1; Newville, Matthew G. 2; Sutton, Steve R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, PNC-CAT.; 2: GSE-CARS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Issue Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p1017; Thesaurus Term: Cesium; Thesaurus Term: Alkali metals; Thesaurus Term: Weathering; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Subject Term: Biotite; Subject Term: Mica; Subject Term: Muscovite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Viehland, D.
AU  - Li, J.F.
AU  - Zvyagin, S.
AU  - Pyatakoy, A. P.
AU  - Bush, A.
AU  - Ruette, B.
AU  - Belotelov, V. I.
AU  - Zvezdin, A. K.
T1  - Induced Phase Transition in BiFeO3 by High-Field Electron Spin Resonance.
JO  - Ferroelectrics
JF  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 301
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 234
SN  - 00150193
AB  - Bismuth ferrite is a magneto-electric material, which simultaneously has polarization and spin orders. We have used electron spin resonance (ESR) as a local probe of the magnetic order in the magnetic field range of 0-25 Tesla, in the frequency domain of 115 to 360 GHz, and at a temperature of 4.2 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - antiferromagnetic
KW  - Ferroelectric
KW  - magnetoelectric
N1  - Accession Number: 14243538; Viehland, D. 1; Email Address: viehland@mse.vt.edu Li, J.F. 1 Zvyagin, S. 2 Pyatakoy, A. P. 3 Bush, A. 4 Ruette, B. 1 Belotelov, V. I. 3 Zvezdin, A. K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA 24061  2: The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310  3: Institute of General Physics Russian Academy of Science Vavilova St. 38, Moscow 119991, Russia  4: Moscow State Institute of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation (Technical University) Vernadskii Prospect, 78, 117454, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 301 Issue 1, p229; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: antiferromagnetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetoelectric; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00150190490455980
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amulele, George M.
AU  - Manghnani, Murli H.
AU  - Baosheng Li
AU  - Errandonea, Daniel J. H.
AU  - Somayazulu, Maddury
AU  - Yue Meng
T1  - High pressure ultrasonic and x-ray studies on monolithic SiC composite.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1806
EP  - 1810
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The equation of state (pressure-volume relationship) of a monolithic SiC composite has been determined separately by high pressure ultrasonic and x-ray techniques. The ultrasonic measurements were performed on a cylindrical specimen, 2.2 mm in diameter and 2.2 mm in length, in a large-volume uniaxial split cylinder press to 13.6 GPa. The synchrotron measurements were carried out on the polycrystalline sample loaded in a diamond anvil cell up to a pressure of 27 GPa. The room temperature bulk modulus obtained from the ultrasonic measurements is K[sub 0]=216.5±1.1 GPa and the pressure derivative is K[sub 0][sup ′]=4.19±0.09. The shear modulus obtained is G[sub 0]=196.7±0.7 GPa with its pressure derivative G[sub 0][sup ′]=0.95±0.03. Using K[sub 0][sup ′] obtained from the ultrasonic measurements in the Birch–Murnaghan equation to fit the synchrotron x-ray data, we obtain a bulk modulus of K[sub 0]=218.4±4.9 GPa for the composite. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - ULTRASONIC imaging
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SILICON compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 12105254; Amulele, George M. 1; Email Address: gamulele@soest.hawaii.edu Manghnani, Murli H. 1 Baosheng Li 2 Errandonea, Daniel J. H. 3 Somayazulu, Maddury 3 Yue Meng 3; Affiliation:  1: Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822  2: Center for High Pressure Research and Mineral Physics Institute, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 4, p1806; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC imaging; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639141
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zvanut, M. E.
AU  - Matlock, D. M.
AU  - Henry, R. L.
AU  - Koleske, Daniel
AU  - Wickenden, Alma
T1  - Thermal activation of Mg-doped GaN as monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1884
EP  - 1887
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The microscopic process involved with thermal activation of the Mg acceptors in GaN epitaxial films is investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Samples were heat treated in dry N[sub 2] for 30 min at temperatures between 200 and 1000 °C. Below 850 °C, the data are consistent with release of hydrogen from a Mg complex and corroborate the initial assignment of the EPR signal to the p-type acceptor. However, the Mg-related EPR signal is permanently quenched for anneals above 850 °C suggesting that additional point defects are created during high temperature treatment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12105242; Zvanut, M. E. 1; Email Address: mezvanut@uab.edu Matlock, D. M. 1 Henry, R. L. 2 Koleske, Daniel 3 Wickenden, Alma 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-1170  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6861, Washington, D.C. 20375  3: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800-0601, Alburquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601  4: U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783-1197; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 4, p1884; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639954
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurtz, S. R.
AU  - Allerman, A. A.
AU  - Koleske, D. D.
AU  - Baca, A. G.
AU  - Briggs, R. D.
T1  - Electronic properties of the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure and two-dimensional electron gas observed by electroreflectance.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1888
EP  - 1894
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A contacted electroreflectance technique was used to investigate AlGaN/GaN heterostructures and their intrinsic electric field-induced properties. By studying variations in the electroreflectance with applied field, spectral features associated with the AlGaN barrier, the two-dimensional electron gas at the interface, and bulk GaN were identified. Barrier-layer composition and electric field were determined from the AlGaN Franz–Keldysh oscillations. For a high mobility heterostructure grown on SiC, measured AlGaN polarization electric field and two-dimensional electron gas density approached values predicted by a standard bandstructure model. The two-dimensional electron gas produced a broad, field-tunable first derivative electroreflectance feature. With a dielectric function calculation, we describe the line shape and relative amplitude of the two-dimensional electron gas electroreflectance feature for a wide range of electron density and applied field values. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 12105241; Kurtz, S. R. 1; Email Address: srkurtz@sandia.gov Allerman, A. A. 1 Koleske, D. D. 1 Baca, A. G. 1 Briggs, R. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 4, p1888; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639955
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tringe, J. W.
AU  - Uhlman, T. A.
AU  - Oliver, A. S.
AU  - Houston, J. E.
T1  - Erratum: “A single asperity study of Au/Au electrical contacts” [J. Appl. Phys. 93, 4661 (2003)].
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 2196
EP  - 2196
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Presents a correction of the article "A Single Asperity of Au/Au Electrical Contracts," published in the 2003 issue of the "Journal of Applied Physics."
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
N1  - Accession Number: 12105189; Tringe, J. W. 1 Uhlman, T. A. 1 Oliver, A. S. 2 Houston, J. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: U.S Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 4, p2196; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1641958
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Jun
AU  - Overbury, S.H.
T1  - H2 reduction of CeO2(111) surfaces via boundary Rh&z.sbnd;O mediation
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 222
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 00219517
AB  - One of the unique features of cerium oxide is its ability to be reversibly converted into oxygen-deficient structures when it is exposed to a reducing atmosphere. Chemical processes on ceria surfaces serve as gateways in controlling such oxygen transfer. In this work, we have prepared cerium oxide films on which Rh is vapor-deposited and measured the Ce oxidation state following sequential exposure to oxygen and hydrogen. The difference between the fraction of Ce<f>4+</f> state of a ceria film resulting from room temperature O2 exposure and the fraction following sequential H2 exposure at 400 K was measured for various conditions. Our results show that to achieve an observable reduction by H2 exposure, O2 preexposure of the Rh-deposited ceria surface is needed. The H2 reduction yield increases as the dose of Rh to CeO2 surface increases. Although this reduction process is observed in as-grown Rh-deposited ceria films, ion sputtering of Rh-dosed ceria surfaces enhances the yield of H2 reduction. The need of both Rh dose and oxygen preexposure for reduction of ceria by hydrogen suggests that oxygen removal from ceria films is catalyzed by Rh&z.sbnd;O. A mechanism is proposed in which Rh&z.sbnd;O in intimate contact with ceria transfers hydrogen to ceria lattice oxygen, followed by oxygen removal from the ceria surface through water desorption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CeO2(111)
KW  - Ceria
KW  - Oxide catalysis
KW  - Oxygen-storage
KW  - Reduction
KW  - Rh
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 12100407; Xu, Jun 1 Overbury, S.H.; Email Address: overburysh@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 222 Issue 1, p167; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeO2(111); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxide catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen-storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rh; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2003.10.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
AU  - El Akramine, Ouafae
AU  - Grossman, Jeffrey C.
AU  - Lester Jr., William A.
T1  - Quantum Monte Carlo for electronic excitations of free-base porphyrin.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3049
EP  - 3050
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Accurate calculations of allowed and nonallowed transitions in porphyrin are reported. Using the quantum Monte Carlo method in the diffusion Monte Carlo variant, the vertical transition between the ground state singlet and the second excited state singlet as well as the adiabatic transition between the ground state and the lowest triplet state have been computed for this 162-electron system. The present theoretical results are compared to experiment and to results of other theoretical methods. The diffusion Monte Carlo energy differences are found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12202291; Aspuru-Guzik, Alán 1 El Akramine, Ouafae 2 Grossman, Jeffrey C. 3 Lester Jr., William A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 7, p3049; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646356
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamamoto, Takeshi
AU  - Miller, William H.
T1  - On the efficient path integral evaluation of thermal rate constants within the quantum instanton approximation.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3086
EP  - 3099
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present an efficient path integral approach for evaluating thermal rate constants within the quantum instanton (QI) approximation that was recently introduced to overcome the quantitative deficiencies of the earlier semiclassical instanton approach [Miller, Zhao, Ceotto, and Yang, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 1329 (2003)]. Since the QI rate constant is determined solely by properties of the (quantum) Boltzmann operator (specifically, by the zero time properties of the flux–flux and delta–delta correlation functions), it can be evaluated by well-established techniques of imaginary time path integrals even for quite complex chemical reactions. Here we present a series of statistical estimators for relevant quantities which can be evaluated straightforwardly with any nonlinear reaction coordinates and general Hamiltonians in Cartesian space. To facilitate the search for the optimal dividing surfaces required by the QI approximation, we introduce a two-dimensional quantum free energy surface associated with the delta–delta correlation function and describe how an adaptive umbrella sampling can be used effectively to construct such a free energy surface. The overall computational procedure is illustrated by the application to a hydrogen exchange reaction in gas phase, which shows excellent agreement of the QI rates with those obtained from quantum scattering calculations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATH integrals
KW  - INSTANTONS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - OPERATOR theory
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12202285; Yamamoto, Takeshi 1 Miller, William H. 1; Email Address: miller@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 7, p3086; Subject Term: PATH integrals; Subject Term: INSTANTONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: OPERATOR theory; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1641005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yi Zhao
AU  - Yamamoto, Takeshi
AU  - Miller, William H.
T1  - Path integral calculation of thermal rate constants within the quantum instanton approximation: Application to the H+CH[sub 4]→H[sub 2]+CH[sub 3] hydrogen abstraction reaction in full Cartesian space.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3100
EP  - 3107
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The quantum instanton approximation for thermal rate constants of chemical reactions [Miller, Zhao, Ceotto, and Yang, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 1329 (2003)], which is modeled after the earlier semiclassical instanton approach, is applied to the hydrogen abstraction reaction from methane by a hydrogen atom, H+CH[sub 4]→H[sub 2]+CH[sub 3], using a modified and recalibrated version of the Jordan–Gilbert potential surface. The quantum instanton rate is evaluated using path integral Monte Carlo approaches based on the recently proposed implementation schemes [Yamamoto and Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 120, 3086 (2004)]. The calculations were carried out using the Cartesian coordinates of all the atoms (thus involving 18 degrees of freedom), thereby taking explicit account of rotational effects of the whole system and also allowing the equivalent treatment of the four methane hydrogens. To achieve such a treatment, we present extended forms of the path integral estimators for relevant quantities that may be used for general N-atom systems with any generalized reaction coordinates. The quantum instanton rates thus obtained for the temperature range T=200–2000 K show good agreement with available experimental data, which gives support to the accuracy of the underlying potential surface used. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INSTANTONS
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - METHANE
N1  - Accession Number: 12202284; Yi Zhao 1 Yamamoto, Takeshi 1 Miller, William H. 1; Email Address: miller@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 7, p3100; Subject Term: INSTANTONS; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: METHANE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1641006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - So Hitara, Tokio
AU  - Yanai, Takeshi
AU  - de Jong, Wibe A.
AU  - Nakajima, Takahiro
AU  - Hirao, Kimihiko
T1  - Third-order Douglas–Kroll relativistic coupled-cluster theory through connected single, double, triple, and quadruple substitutions: Applications to diatomic and triatomic hydrides.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3297
EP  - 3310
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Coupled-cluster methods including through and up to the connected single, double, triple, and quadruple substitutions have been derived and implemented automatically for sequential and parallel executions by an algebraic and symbolic manipulation program TCE (TENSOR CONTRACTION ENGINE) for use in conjunction with a one-component third-order Douglas–Kroll approximation for relativistic corrections. A combination of the converging electron-correlation methods, the accurate relativistic reference wave functions, and the use of systematic basis sets tailored to the relativistic approximation has been shown to predict the experimental singlet–triplet separations within 0.02 eV (0.5 kcal/mol) for five triatomic hydrides (CH[sub 2], NH[sub 2][sup +], SiH[sub 2], PH[sub 2][sup +], and AsH[sub 2][sup +]), the experimental bond lengths (r[sub e] or r[sub 0]) within 0.002 Å, rotational constants (B[sub e] or B[sub 0]) within 0.02 cm[sup -1], vibration–rotation constants (α[sub e]) within 0.01 cm[sup -1], centrifugal distortion constants (D[sub e]) within 2%, harmonic vibration frequencies (ω[sub e]) within 8 cm[sup -1] (0.4%), anharmonic vibrational constants (xω[sub e]) within 2 cm[sup -1], and dissociation energies (D[sub 0][sup 0]) within 0.02 eV (0.4 kcal/mol) for twenty diatomic hydrides (BH, CH, NH, OH, FH, AlH, SiH, PH, SH, ClH, GaH, GeH, AsH, SeH, BrH, InH, SnH, SbH, TeH, and IH) containing main-group elements across the second through fifth rows of the periodic table. In these calculations, spin–orbit effects on dissociation energies, which were assumed to be additive, were estimated from the measured spin–orbit coupling constants of atoms and diatomic molecules, and an electronic energy in the complete-basis-set, complete-electron-correlation limit has been extrapolated in two ways to verify the robustness of the results: One assuming Gaussian-exponential dependence of total energies on double through quadruple ζ basis sets and the other assuming n[sup -3] dependence of correlation energies on double through quintuple ζ basis sets. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - RELATIVITY (Physics)
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DIATOMS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12202262; So Hitara, Tokio 1; Email Address: so.hirata@pnl.gov Yanai, Takeshi 2 de Jong, Wibe A. 1 Nakajima, Takahiro 3,4 Hirao, Kimihiko 3; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  3: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo  4: PREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 7, p3297; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: RELATIVITY (Physics); Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DIATOMS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 9 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1639361
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ying-Zhong Ma
AU  - Stenger, Jens
AU  - Zimmermann, Jörg
AU  - Bachilo, Segei M.
AU  - Smalley, Richard E.
AU  - Weisman, R. Bruce
AU  - Weisman, Graham R.
AU  - Fleming, Graham R.
T1  - Ultrafast carrier dynamics in single-walled carbon nanotubes probed by femtosecond spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3368
EP  - 3373
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Ultrafast carrier dynamics in individual semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes was studied by femtosecond transient absorption and fluorescence measurements. After photoexcitation of the second van Hove singularity of a specific tube structure, the relaxation of electrons and holes to the fundamental band edge occurs to within 100 fs. The fluorescence decay from this band is dependent on the excitation density and can be rationalized by exciton annihilation theory. In contrast to fluorescence, the transient absorption has a distinctly different time and intensity dependence for different tube structures, suggesting a branching to emissive and trap states following photoexcitation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12202255; Ying-Zhong Ma 1 Stenger, Jens 1 Zimmermann, Jörg 1 Bachilo, Segei M. 2 Smalley, Richard E. 2,3 Weisman, R. Bruce 2 Weisman, Graham R. 1; Email Address: GRFleming@lbl.gov Fleming, Graham R.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  2: Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, and Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology, Rice University, Houston, Texas  3: Department of Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas; Source Info: 2/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 7, p3368; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640339
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williford, R.E.
AU  - Baer, D.R.
AU  - Amonette, J.E.
AU  - Lea, A.S.
T1  - Dissolution and growth of <f>(1 0 1¯ 4)</f> calcite in flowing water: estimation of back reaction rates via kinetic Monte Carlo simulations
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 262
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Although calcite is an important mineral for many processes, there have been relatively few simulations of its growth and dissolution behavior. Such simulations are complicated by the multitude of defect types and by the asymmetry of the crystal. The present work combined a kinetic Monte Carlo technique with the Kossel crystal (1 0 0) simple cubic concept and the Blasius boundary layer model to simulate the simultaneous growth and dissolution of the <f>(1 0 1¯ 4)</f> calcite cleavage surface in flowing water. The activation energies of the back reaction (growth) were determined from those of the forward reaction (dissolution) by obtaining agreement with cleavage-step morphologies and step dissolution velocities over a range of flow rates previously measured using an atomic force microscope. The kinetics were dominated by diffusion events on the solid/fluid interface and in the fluid, as expected. The relative magnitudes of the desorption and adsorption activation energies were consistent with experimental data, entropic arguments, and crystal roughening theories. Quantitative agreement with measured step velocities was best when the boundary layer parameters were given physically reasonable values, indicating that the model is self-consistent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - CONCRETE -- Dissolution
KW  - A1. Adsorption
KW  - A1. Defects
KW  - A1. Desorption
KW  - A1. Diffusion
KW  - A1.Growth models
KW  - B2. Calcite
N1  - Accession Number: 12170505; Williford, R.E. 1; Email Address: rick.williford@pnl.gov Baer, D.R. 2 Amonette, J.E. 2 Lea, A.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mail Stop K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mail Stop K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 262 Issue 1-4, p503; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: CONCRETE -- Dissolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1.Growth models; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Calcite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.10.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gan, J.
AU  - Simonen, E.P.
AU  - Bruemmer, S.M.
AU  - Fournier, L.
AU  - Sencer, B.H.
AU  - Was, G.S.
T1  - The effect of oversized solute additions on the microstructure of 316SS irradiated with 5 MeV Ni++ ions or 3.2 MeV protons
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 325
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 94
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The effect of the oversized hafnium or platinum (0.3 at.%) solutes on the evolution of irradiated microstructure in 316SS was investigated. Irradiations were conducted with 5 MeV Ni-ions at 500 °C to doses up to 50 dpa or with 3.2 MeV protons at 400 °C to a dose of 2.5 dpa, and previous studies demonstrated that these irradiations are capable of producing similar irradiated microstructure and microchemistry relevant to LWR cores. Microstructures of 316SS, 316SS + 0.3 at.% Pt and 316SS + 0.3 at.% Hf were characterized using transmission electron microscopy. The addition of Hf showed a strong effect in suppressing radiation-induced microstructure evolution; no voids were observed at doses up to 50 dpa for Ni-ion irradiation and 2.5 dpa for proton irradiation. The mean diameter of the Frank loops in the Hf-doped samples is about 40% smaller than loops in 316SS. The microstructural examinations from both types of particle irradiation revealed that for 0.3 at.% Pt addition there is no beneficial effect on irradiated microstructure. The mechanisms for the role of oversize solute additions on the microstructure evolution are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - HAFNIUM
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 12042323; Gan, J. 1; Email Address: jian.gan@anl.gov Simonen, E.P. 2 Bruemmer, S.M. 2 Fournier, L. 3 Sencer, B.H. 3 Was, G.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory-West, Nuclear Technology Division, P.O. Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 325 Issue 2/3, p94; Subject Term: HAFNIUM; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.11.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rest, J.
T1  - A model for fission-gas-bubble behavior in amorphous uranium silicide compounds
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 325
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A model for the behavior of fission gas in irradiated amorphous materials is developed. The model proposes that gas bubble nucleation occurs within shear bands initiated around free volume regions. Small gas–atom clusters that form within these regions are susceptible to dissolution by forces generated by the plastic flow of material around the cluster. The bubble coarsening process depends on the materials viscosity and on irradiation-induced re-solution. The bubble distribution eventually reaches a point where larger bubbles from the tail of the evolving lognormal size distribution begin to contact the more numerous nanometer-sized bubbles from the peak region. This condition defines the knee in the swelling curve. The fission density at which the knee occurs is a function of fission rate. Calculations for the behavior of the knee, swelling, and the fraction of gas in bubbles in irradiated U3Si2 intermetallic compounds are compared to measured quantities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FISSION gases
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12042324; Rest, J. 1; Email Address: jrest@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology-212, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 325 Issue 2/3, p107; Subject Term: FISSION gases; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.11.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12042324&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finlay, M.R.
AU  - Hofman, G.L.
AU  - Snelgrove, J.L.
T1  - Irradiation behaviour of uranium silicide compounds
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 325
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A study of the irradiation behaviour of uranium silicide and other related inter-metallic uranium compounds is presented. This study was motivated by the recent discovery that U3Si2 undergoes a crystalline to amorphous transformation during irradiation. Such information renders a previously developed fuel swelling model based on the crystalline state of U3Si2 invalid. This is of particular significance since low enriched U3Si2 dispersion fuels are widely used in research reactors. While such a finding does not alter the well established, stable and benign behaviour of U3Si2 during irradiation, it does indicate that a different interpretation of that behaviour is required. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM compounds
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12042325; Finlay, M.R. 1,2; Email Address: rfinlay@anl.gov Hofman, G.L. 2 Snelgrove, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4841, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 325 Issue 2/3, p118; Subject Term: URANIUM compounds; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.11.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barkigia
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Renner
AU  - M. W.
AU  - Senge
AU  - M. O.
AU  - Fajer
AU  - J.
T1  - Interplay of Axial Ligation, Hydrogen Bonding, Self-Assembly, and Conformational Landscapes in High-Spin Ni(II) Porphyrins.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2173
EP  - 2180
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The molecular structures of four bis-ligated high-spin Ni(II) complexes of the sterically crowded, nonplanar 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-5,10,15,20-tetranitroporphyrin (NiOETNP) are reported. The ligands are imidazole (Im), imidazole plus 2-methylimidazole (2-MeIm) in the crystal lattice, 1-methylimidazole (1-MeIm), and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole (BSeD). Extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding is observed in the three imidazole-ligated structures consisting of NH···O and CH···O bonding from the imidazoles to neighboring nitro groups and of NH···N interactions to a nearby 2-MeIm. The different modes of hydrogen bonding, typical of those frequently observed in proteins, mediate the self-assembly of discrete porphyrin dimers as well as more extensive two- and three-dimensional arrays. Only the bis-BSeD complex remains monomeric. The presence or absence of the different types of hydrogen bonds controls the orientations of the axial ligands and also modulates the conformations of the porphyrin skeletons. This interplay of axial ligation, hydrogen bonding, and self-assembly further illustrates the multiconformational landscapes that porphyrins can access as a function of their microenvironment. Such nonplanar deformations have been shown to significantly affect the optical, redox, magnetic, radical, and excited state properties of porphyrin derivatives. That hydrogen bonding can influence ligand interactions with neighboring functional groups as well as macrocycle conformations with their concomitant consequences on physical and chemical properties may thus be particularly relevant to the bioenergetic roles of porphyrin in vivo. These results also raise the question whether point mutations near porphyrins in vivo are structurally, and consequently functionally, innocent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - NICKEL compounds
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - IMIDAZOLES
N1  - Accession Number: 12290630; Barkigia K. M. 1 Renner M. W. 1 Senge M. O. 1 Fajer J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, and Institute of Chemistry, Potsdam University, D-14476 Golm, Germany; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 7, p2173; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: NICKEL compounds; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: IMIDAZOLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Argyle
AU  - M. D.
AU  - Chen
AU  - K.
AU  - Resini
AU  - C.
AU  - Krebs
AU  - Bell
AU  - A. T.
AU  - Iglesia
AU  - E.
T1  - Extent of Reduction of Vanadium Oxides during Catalytic Oxidation of Alkanes Measured by in-Situ UV-Visible Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2345
EP  - 2353
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In-situ UV-visible spectroscopy was used to measure the extent of reduction of active centers in VOx/γ-Al2O3 during oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane. Prevalent extents of reduction (0.062 to 0.30 e-/V) are much smaller than required for the formation of stoichiometric V3+ or V4+ suboxides. Surface oxygen atoms are the most abundant reactive intermediates during propane ODH, as previously suggested by kinetic and isotopic studies. These measurements involved the rigorous calibration of UV-visible intensities in the pre-edge region using quantitative reoxidation of a small number of centers reduced in H2. Transients observed during changes in C3H8 and O2 concentrations indicate that only a fraction of the prevalent reduced centers (~30-40%) are active in catalytic turnovers, while the rest are reoxidized in time scales much longer than turnover times. The number of catalytically relevant reduced centers depends only on C3H8/O2 ratios, and not on individual reactant concentrations, indicating that oxygen vacancies are the predominant reduced centers and that hydroxyls and alkoxides are present at much lower concentrations. The fraction of V-atoms that exist as catalytically reduced centers and the rate of propane ODH (per exposed V-atom) increase with increasing vanadia surface density and domain size up to surface densities typical of polyvanadate monolayers (~7.5 V/nm2) and then reach nearly constant values at higher surface densities. This relation between the extent of reduction during catalysis and the propene formation rates confirms the redox nature of catalytic cycles and the exclusive kinetic relevance of the reduction part of the cycle, in which C-H bonds are activated using lattice oxygen atoms. This method for measuring the extent of reduction during catalysis using pre-edge features in the UV-visible spectrum provides greater sensitivity and time resolution than X-ray absorption and UV-visible spectroscopic methods based on near-edge spectral features. The approach and initial results seem generally applicable to oxidation reactions using lattice oxygens as reactive intermediates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - DEHYDROGENATION
KW  - PROPANE
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 12290653; Argyle M. D. 1 Chen K. 1 Resini C. 1 Krebs Bell A. T. 1 Iglesia E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1462; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 7, p2345; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENATION; Subject Term: PROPANE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stultz
AU  - J.
AU  - Paffett
AU  - M. T.
AU  - Joyce
AU  - S. A.
T1  - Thermal Evolution of Hydrogen Following Water Adsorption on Defective UO2(100).
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2362
EP  - 2364
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The evolution of molecular hydrogen from UO2(100) surfaces exposed to water vapor has been studied using temperature programmed desorption. No hydrogen evolution is observed from well-annealed, pristine surfaces. Significant amounts of hydrogen, however, desorb from highly defected, ion-sputtered surfaces at ~400 K. Annealing studies show that the most of the defects are healed after heating to 750 K. Successive water exposures also heal these defects. These results indicate that the defect is likely an oxygen vacancy (reduced uranium site). On annealing, oxygen diffuses from the near-surface region to fill the surface vacancy. The dissociative adsorption of water also fills the oxygen vacancy. As the damage resulting from ion sputtering is similar to that caused by the recoil atom formed during radioactive decay, the thermal chemistry at defects may be an indirect, but significant, factor in the radiation chemistry of adsorbed species on alpha-emitting materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12290655; Stultz J. 1 Paffett M. T. 1 Joyce S. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 7, p2362; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aray
AU  - Y.
AU  - Marquez
AU  - M.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J.
AU  - Vega
AU  - D.
AU  - Simon-Manso
AU  - Coll
AU  - S.
AU  - Gonzalez
AU  - C.
AU  - Weitz
AU  - D. A.
T1  - Electrostatics for Exploring the Nature of the Hydrogen Bonding in Polyethylene Oxide Hydration.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2418
EP  - 2424
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Binding between water and models of poly(ethylene oxide), (CH2-CH2-O)n, n = 2-40, has been studied using the topographic features of the electrostatic potential, V(r), and standard density functional theory methods. It was found that, in general, the contour around the minima of the oxygen atoms overlap forming a negative-valued spiral coiled around a positive-valued helix. The positive zone defines a helical groove in the O-C-C-O units where minima lone pairs critical points are located. Topological analysis of the water molecule has also suggested that the attractive electrostatic effect between the positive water O-H zone and the negative PEO lone pairs plays an important role in the hydrogen bonding of the PEO-water system. Thus, the V(r) topology predicts a coil of water molecules around the PEO chain forming hydrogen bonding with two sites of ether oxygens. This coil is formed in such a way that more water molecules accumulate on the cavities surrounding the poly(ethylene oxide)'s oxygen atoms where the minima of the negative zone are located. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12290663; Aray Y. 1 Marquez M. 1 Rodriguez J. 1 Vega D. 1 Simon-Manso Coll S. 1 Gonzalez C. 1 Weitz D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Centro de Quimica, IVIC, Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020 A, Venezuela, Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technologies, NIST, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, The Nanotechnology Laboratory, Kraft Foods R&D, 801 Waukegan Road, Glenview, Illinois 60025, Department of Physics and DEAS, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and FACYT, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 7, p2418; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, Anthony B.
AU  - Marshak, Alexander
T1  - Photon propagation in heterogeneous optical media with spatial correlations: enhanced mean-free-paths and wider-than-exponential free-path distributions
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 00224073
AB  - Beer''s law of exponential decay in direct transmission is well-known but its break-down in spatially variable optical media has been discussed only sporadically in the literature. We document here this break-down in three-dimensional (3D) media with complete generality and explore its ramifications for photon propagation. We show that effective transmission laws and their associated free-path distributions (FPDs) are in fact never exactly exponential in variable media of any kind. Moreover, if spatial correlations in the extinction field extend at least to the scale of the mean-free-path (MFP), FPDs are necessarily wider-than-exponential in the sense that all higher-order moments of the relevant mean-field FPDs exceed those of the exponential FPD, even if it is tuned to yield the proper MFP. The MFP itself is always larger than the inverse of average extinction in a variable medium. In a vast and important class of spatially-correlated random media, the MFP is indeed the average of the inverse of extinction. We translate these theoretical findings into a practical method for deciding a priori when 3D effects become important. Finally, we discuss an obvious but limited analogy between our analysis of spatial variability and the well-known effects of strong spectral variability in gaseous media when observed or modeled at moderate resolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - MOLECULAR clouds
KW  - GASES
KW  - Beer's law
KW  - Cloudy atmospheres
KW  - Mean-free-path
KW  - Photon propagation
KW  - Spatially correlated heterogeneous media
KW  - Three-dimensional radiative transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 11605800; Davis, Anthony B. 1; Email Address: adavis@lanl.gov Marshak, Alexander 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space & Remote Sensing Sciences Group (NIS-2), Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Climate & Radiation Branch (Code 913), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 84 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR clouds; Subject Term: GASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beer's law; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloudy atmospheres; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mean-free-path; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatially correlated heterogeneous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-dimensional radiative transfer; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-4073(03)00114-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murphy, J.J.
AU  - Patel, M.
AU  - Skinner, A.R.
AU  - Horn, I.M.
AU  - Powell, S.J.
AU  - Smith, P.F.
T1  - Volatile evolution from polymer materials induced by irradiation with He++ ions and comparative pyrolysis experiments
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 215
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Irradiation of polymer samples using an accelerated beam of He++ ions passed through a 10 μm thick window of Havar foil has been performed. Such an irradiation simulates the effects of large α radiation doses on a vastly reduced time-scale. The experimental set up was designed so that the irradiated materials were contained within a small sample chamber. This chamber was isolated from the main vacuum chamber of the ion beam by means of the Havar foil window. A mass spectrometer linked directly to the sample chamber was used to analyse gaseous products evolved from the materials under irradiation. Samples of a material in which the polymer phase was an ethylenevinylacetate/polyvinylalcohol composite material indicated increased CO2 and CO evolution upon irradiation. This material, however, evolved a considerable amount of volatiles even without irradiation and so a detailed mechanistic interpretation of the results is not possible. A foamed poly(siloxane) material evolved a number of volatile species upon irradiation and possible chemical degradation mechanisms are commented upon. The sample was extremely resistant to radiation induced degradation as measured by volatile evolution though, so again a detailed mechanistic analysis is not possible. Samples of a polyester based polyurethane evolved CO2, CO and a number of high mass volatile species. Assignment of chemical structures to the main molecular ions allows deductions about the chemistry underlying radiation induced change to be made. Furthermore, identification of trends in volatile production allows information about potential degradation mechanisms to be deduced. To assess the contribution of sample heating on volatile evolution a series of pyrolysis experiments were performed. These indicate no evolution of volatiles below 100 °C and evolution of volatiles possessing masses of greater than 50 amu only at temperature of above 300 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - HELIUM ions
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Ethylene vinylacetate
KW  - Helium ions
KW  - Poly(siloxane)
KW  - Poly(urethane)
KW  - Pyrolysis
KW  - Volatile evolution
N1  - Accession Number: 12083624; Murphy, J.J. 1; Email Address: julian.j.murphy@awe.co.uk Patel, M. 1 Skinner, A.R. 1 Horn, I.M. 1 Powell, S.J. 2 Smith, P.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: AWE, Aldermaston, Organic Materials Ageing Sect., Bldg. BBA. 1, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, UK  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 215 Issue 3/4, p423; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: HELIUM ions; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylene vinylacetate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helium ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(siloxane); Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(urethane); Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile evolution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.08.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naydenov, Sergey V.
AU  - Ryzhikov, Vladimir D.
AU  - Smith, Craig F.
T1  - Direct reconstruction of the effective atomic number of materials by the method of multi-energy radiography
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 215
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 552
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A direct method is proposed for reconstruction of the effective atomic number by means of multi-energy radiography of the material. The accuracy of the method is up to 95%. Advantages over conventional radiographic methods, which ensure accuracy of just about 50%, are discussed. A physical model has been constructed and general expressions have been obtained for description of the effective atomic number in a two-energy monitoring scheme. A universal dependence has been predicted for the effective atomic number as a function of relative (two-energy) radiographic reflex. The established theoretical law is confirmed by the experimental data presented. The proposed development can find multiple applications in non-destructive testing and related fields, including those in the civil sphere as well as anti-terrorist activities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
KW  - COUNTERTERRORISM
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
N1  - Accession Number: 12083640; Naydenov, Sergey V. 1; Email Address: naydenov@isc.kharkov.com Ryzhikov, Vladimir D. 1 Smith, Craig F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Single Crystals, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Lenin Avenue, Kharkov 61001, Ukraine  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-632, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94556, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 215 Issue 3/4, p552; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Subject Term: COUNTERTERRORISM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.09.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonnet, Frederic D.R.
AU  - Edwards, Robert G.
AU  - Fleming, George T.
AU  - Lewis, Randy
AU  - Richards, David G.
T1  - Mesonic form factors
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 128
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We have started a program to compute the electromagnetic form factors of mesons. We discuss the techniques used to compute the pion form factor and present preliminary results computed with domain wall valence fermions on MILC asqtad lattices, as well as Wilson fermions on quenched lattices. These methods can easily be extended to <F>ϱ → γπ</F> transition form factors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - MESONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13024140; Bonnet, Frederic D.R. 1,2 Edwards, Robert G. 2 Fleming, George T. 2 Lewis, Randy 1 Richards, David G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S4S OA2, Canada  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1-3, p59; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: MESONS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Negele, J.W.
AU  - Brower, R.C.
AU  - Dreher, P.
AU  - Edwards, R.
AU  - Fleming, G.
AU  - Häglera, Ph.
AU  - Heller, U.M.
AU  - Lippert, Th.
AU  - Pochinsky, A.V.
AU  - Renner, D.B.
AU  - Richards, D.
AU  - Schilling, K.
AU  - Schroers, W.
T1  - Insight into nucleon structure from lattice calculations of moments of parton and generalized parton distributions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 128
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
SN  - 09205632
AB  - This talk presents recent calculations in full QCD of the lowest three moments of generalized parton distributions and the insight they provide into the behavior of nucleon electromagnetic form factors, the origin of the nucleon spin, and the transverse structure of the nucleon. In addition, new exploratory calculations in the chiral regime of full QCD are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13024206; Negele, J.W. 1 Brower, R.C. 2 Dreher, P. 1 Edwards, R. 3 Fleming, G. 3 Häglera, Ph. Heller, U.M. 4 Lippert, Th. 5 Pochinsky, A.V. 1 Renner, D.B. 1 Richards, D. 3 Schilling, K. 5 Schroers, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  3: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  4: American Physical Society, One Research Road, Ridge NY 11961-9000, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1-3, p170; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohta, Shigemi
T1  - Nucleon structure from lattice QCD with domain wall fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 128
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We report the current status of RBCK calculations on nucleon structure with both quenched and unquenched lattice QCD. The combination of domain wall fermions and DBW2 gauge action works well for quantities like isovector vector and axial charges, moments of structure functions <F>〈χ〉q, di</F>, and <F>〈1〉σq</F>, and nucleon decay matrix elements. Good chiral symmetry is observed, and translates into continuum-like behavior of non-perturabtive renormalization where explicitly checked. Pion form factor calculation in the same framework is also reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13024208; Ohta, Shigemi 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1-3, p179; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Basak, S.
AU  - Edwards, R.
AU  - Fiebig, R.
AU  - Fleming, G.
AU  - Heller, U.M.
AU  - Morningstar, C.
AU  - Richards, D.
AU  - Sato, I.
AU  - Wallace, S.
T1  - Baryon operators and spectroscopy in lattice QCD
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 128
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 186
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The construction of the operators and correlators required to determine the excited baryon spectrum is presented, with the aim of exploring the spatial and spin structure of the states while minimizing the number of propagator inversions. The method used to construct operators that transform irreducibly under the symmetries of the lattice is detailed, and the properties of example operators is studied using domain-wall fermion valence propagators computed on MILL asqtad dynamical lattices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13024209; Basak, S. 1 Edwards, R. 2 Fiebig, R. 3 Fleming, G. 2 Heller, U.M. 4 Morningstar, C. 5 Richards, D. 2 Sato, I. 1 Wallace, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  3: Physics Department, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA  4: American Physical Society, One Research Road, Ridge, NY 11961-9000, USA  5: Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1-3, p186; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maslov, Sergei
AU  - Sneppen, Kim
AU  - Zaliznyak, Alexei
T1  - Detection of topological patterns in complex networks: correlation profile of the internet
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 333
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
SN  - 03784371
AB  - A general scheme for detecting and analyzing topological patterns in large complex networks is presented. In this scheme the network in question is compared with its properly randomized version that preserves some of its low-level topological properties. Statistically significant deviation of any topological property of a network from this null model likely reflects its design principles and/or evolutionary history. We illustrate this basic scheme using the example of the correlation profile of the Internet quantifying correlations between degrees of its neighboring nodes. This profile distinguishes the Internet from previously studied molecular networks with a similar scale-free degree distribution. We finally demonstrate that the clustering in a network is very sensitive to both the degree distribution and its correlation profile and compare the clustering in the Internet to the appropriate null model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION networks
KW  - INTERNET
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - WIDE area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - 05.65.+b
KW  - Cliquishness
KW  - Correlation profile
KW  - Metropolis
KW  - Network motifs
KW  - Random networks
KW  - Scale free networks
N1  - Accession Number: 11970247; Maslov, Sergei 1; Email Address: maslov@bnl.gov Sneppen, Kim 2,3 Zaliznyak, Alexei 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark  3: Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim N-7491, Norway; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 333 Issue 1-4, p529; Subject Term: INFORMATION networks; Subject Term: INTERNET; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: WIDE area networks (Computer networks); Author-Supplied Keyword: 05.65.+b; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cliquishness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Correlation profile; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metropolis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network motifs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scale free networks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2003.06.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11970247&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kruzic, J.J.
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Fracture and fatigue resistance of Mo–Si–B alloys for ultrahigh-temperature structural applications
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Fracture and fatigue properties are examined for a series of Mo–Mo3Si–Mo5SiB2 alloys, which utilize a continuous α-Mo matrix to achieve unprecedented room-temperature fracture resistance (>20 MPa<f>√m</f>). Mechanistically, these properties are explained in terms of toughening by crack trapping and crack bridging by the more ductile α-Mo phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Molybdenum
KW  - Silicides
KW  - Toughness
N1  - Accession Number: 11571698; Kruzic, J.J. 1,2 Schneibel, J.H. 3 Ritchie, R.O. 1,2; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 381 HMB, MC 1760, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 50 Issue 4, p459; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toughness; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mealister, Daniel R.
AU  - Dietz, Mark L.
AU  - Stepinski, Dominique
AU  - Zalupski, Peter R.
AU  - Dzielawa, Julie A.
AU  - Barrans Jr., R. E.
AU  - Hess, J. N.
AU  - Herlinger, A. W.
T1  - Application of Molecular Connectivity Indices to the Design of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-Soluble Metal Ion Extractants: SC-CO2 Solubilities of Symmetrically Substituted Alkylenediphosphonic Acids#‡.
JO  - Separation Science & Technology
JF  - Separation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/02/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 761
EP  - 780
SN  - 01496395
AB  - The use of so-called neoteric solvents constitutes a key element in recent efforts to devise more environmentally benign methods for chemical synthesis, catalysis, and separations. Of this diverse group of solvents, supercritical carbon dioxide has been the subject of particularly intense interest. Carbon dioxide offers numerous benefits in the context of green processing: it is nontoxic, nonflammable, and does not contribute to either photochemical smog or to ozone destruction. Moreover, in its supercritical state, its solvating power can be tuned over a wide range by relatively small changes in temperature and pressure.
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - PHOTOCHEMICAL smog
KW  - OZONE
N1  - Accession Number: 13050744; Mealister, Daniel R. 1 Dietz, Mark L. 2; Email Address: mdietz@anl.gov Stepinski, Dominique 1 Zalupski, Peter R. 1 Dzielawa, Julie A. 2 Barrans Jr., R. E. 2 Hess, J. N. 2 Herlinger, A. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA.; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 39 Issue 4, p761; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMICAL smog; Subject Term: OZONE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SS-120028445
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dorf, L.
AU  - Raitses, Y.
AU  - Fisch, N.J.
AU  - Semenov, V.
T1  - Effect of anode dielectric coating on Hall thruster operation.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1070
EP  - 1072
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - An interesting phenomenon observed in the near-anode region of a Hall thruster is that the anode fall changes from positive to negative upon removal of the dielectric coating, which is produced on the anode surface during the normal course of Hall thruster operation. The effect of the anode coating on the anode fall is studied experimentally using both biased and emissive probes. Measurements of discharge current oscillations indicate that thruster operation is more stable with the coated anode. The physical mechanism of this phenomenon is not yet understood. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - ANODES
KW  - HALL Heroult process
KW  - CRITICAL phenomena (Physics)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12202345; Dorf, L. 1; Email Address: dorf@princeton.edu Raitses, Y. 1 Fisch, N.J. 1 Semenov, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, New Jersey  2: Institute of Applied Physics, Russia; Source Info: 2/16/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p1070; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: ANODES; Subject Term: HALL Heroult process; Subject Term: CRITICAL phenomena (Physics); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646727
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Embury, J.D.
AU  - Mitchell, T.E.
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Hirth, J.P.
T1  - Nanoscale-twinning-induced strengthening in austenitic stainless steel thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1096
EP  - 1098
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Magnetron-sputter-deposited austenitic 330 stainless steel (330 SS) films, several microns thick, were found to have a hardness ∼6.5 GPa, about an order of magnitude higher than bulk 330 SS. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that sputtered 330 SS coatings are heavily twinned on {111} with nanometer scale twin spacing. Molecular dynamics simulations show that, in the nanometer regime where plasticity is controlled by the motion of single rather than pile-ups of dislocations, twin boundaries are very strong obstacles to slip. These observations provide a new perspective to producing ultrahigh strength monolithic metals by utilizing growth twins with nanometer-scale spacing. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - MAGNETRONS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12202336; Zhang, X. 1; Email Address: zhangx@lanl.gov Misra, A. 1 Wang, H. 1 Nastasi, M. 1 Embury, J.D. 1 Mitchell, T.E. 1 Hoagland, R.G. 1 Hirth, J.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 2/16/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p1096; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: MAGNETRONS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1647690
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
AU  - Gibbons, B.J.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Arendt, P.N.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J.L.
T1  - Effect of crystallinity on the transport properties of Nd[sub 0.67]Sr[sub 0.33]MnO[sub 3] thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1147
EP  - 1149
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Highly crystalline Nd[sub 0.67]Sr[sub 0.33]MnO[sub 3] (NSMO) thin films were grown on (001) LaAlO[sub 3] (LAO) substrates using pulsed-laser deposition. By studying the microstructural properties of NSMO using x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM, we have found that high degree crystallinity leads to improved transport properties such as smaller resistivities at both peak and room temperatures. A peak temperature of 187 K has been observed from a resistivity-temperature measurement, and around 200 K from a magnetization measurement. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - RANDOM access memory
N1  - Accession Number: 12202319; Wang, H. 1; Email Address: wangh@lanl.gov Zhang, X. 1 Hundley, M.F. 1 Thompson, J.D. 1 Gibbons, B.J. 1 Lin, Y. 1 Arendt, P.N. 1 Foltyn, S.R. 1 Jia, Q.X. 1 MacManus-Driscoll, J.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Dept. of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Source Info: 2/16/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p1147; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: RANDOM access memory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646747
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheon, K.O.
AU  - Shinar, J.
T1  - Förster energy transfer in combinatorial arrays of selective doped organic light-emitting devices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1201
EP  - 1203
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Energy transfer in highly-efficient doped organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) is described and discussed. The OLEDs include a hole transport layer (HTL) and an electron transport layer composed of an efficient blue emitter. A region of the HTL adjacent to the host blue-emitting layer was doped with an efficient guest red dye. The blue emitter-to-red dye energy transfer probability P[sub HG][sup η] was determined by comparing the emission from the two fluorophores and its dependence on the applied field. P[sub HG][sup η] decreases with increasing field, probably due to an increasing fraction of dye molecules which are positively charged, i.e., which trap a hole. It is also estimated that at fields as low as 0.4 MV/cm, ∼50% of the dye emission is due to trap emission rather than Förster energy transfer. The analysis yields a Förster energy transfer radius R[sub 0]=33.5±3.5 Å. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - DOPED semiconductors
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - DYES & dyeing
KW  - BINDING energy
N1  - Accession Number: 12202301; Cheon, K.O. 1 Shinar, J. 1; Email Address: shinar@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory—USDOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Iowa; Source Info: 2/16/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p1201; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: DOPED semiconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: DYES & dyeing; Subject Term: BINDING energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1648138
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Nancy B.
T1  - A ROUNDABOUT TALE OF THE CULTURE OF NATIONAL LABS.
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 82
IS  - 7
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 74
EP  - 75
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Reviews the book "The National Labs: Science in an American System, 1947-1974," by Peter J. Westwick.
KW  - CHEMICAL engineering
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - WESTWICK, Peter J.
KW  - NATIONAL Labs, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12452280; Jackson, Nancy B. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Manager of the Department of Chemical & Biological Imaging, Sensing & Analysis at Sandia National Laboratories  2: Member of the ACS Board of Directors; Source Info: 2/16/2004, Vol. 82 Issue 7, p74; Subject Term: CHEMICAL engineering; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NATIONAL Labs, The (Book); People: WESTWICK, Peter J.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langof, L.
AU  - Fradkin, L.
AU  - Ehrenfreund, E.
AU  - Lifshitz, E.
AU  - Micic, O.I.
AU  - Nozik, A.J.
T1  - Colloidal InP/ZnS core–shell nanocrystals studied by linearly and circularly polarized photoluminescence
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 297
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 03010104
AB  - The magneto-optical properties of InP/ZnS core–shell nanocrystals (NCs) were investigated by measuring the degree of linear and circular polarization of photoluminescence (PL) spectra, in the presence of an external magnetic field under resonant or non-resonant excitation. The linearly polarized PL data strongly indicate that InP/ZnS NCs have a prolongated shape. The resonant-excited circularly polarized PL decay curves indicate that the spin relaxation time of the studied samples is shorter than the radiative lifetime of their exciton. Furthermore, the magnetic field-induced circularly polarized PL process reveals an exciton g factor (gex) of 0.55. Thus, such studies may serve as a tool to directly estimate the NC’s shape anisotropy and to determine the g-factor of charge carriers and excitons in those NCs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 11958779; Langof, L. 1 Fradkin, L. 2 Ehrenfreund, E. 1 Lifshitz, E. 2; Email Address: ssefrat@techunix.technion.ac.il Micic, O.I. 3 Nozik, A.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Solid State Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel  2: Department of Chemistry and Solid State Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 297 Issue 1-3, p93; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.10.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xue, Kuan-Hong
AU  - Tao, Fei-Fei
AU  - Shen, Wei
AU  - He, Chun-Jian
AU  - Chen, Qiao-Ling
AU  - Wu, Li-Jun
AU  - Zhu, Yi-Mei
T1  - Linear carbon allotrope – carbon atom wires prepared by pyrolysis of starch
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 385
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A new method is reported to produce linear carbon allotrope from the pyrolysis of starch catalyzed by Fe. The pyrolytic product termed as carbon atom wires (CAW) is composed of winding lines with the diameter around 2.0 A˚, indicated by magnified HRTEM images. The experimental results of UV and Raman spectra revealed a conjugated sequence of cumulated double bonds (&z.dbnd6;C&z.dbnd6;C&z.dbnd6;)n presented in the hexane extract of CAW. Arguments about the sp hybridization bonding structure of CAW can also be supported by EELS and FT-IR measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ALLOTROPY
KW  - STARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 12170693; Xue, Kuan-Hong 1; Email Address: khxue@njnu.edu.cn Tao, Fei-Fei 1 Shen, Wei 1 He, Chun-Jian 1 Chen, Qiao-Ling 1 Wu, Li-Jun 2 Zhu, Yi-Mei 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Nanjing Normal University, 122 NingHai Road, Nanjing 210097, China  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 385 Issue 5/6, p477; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ALLOTROPY; Subject Term: STARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311221 Wet Corn Milling; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.01.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Hong
AU  - Radisky, Derek C.
AU  - Wang, Fei
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
T1  - Polarity and proliferation are controlled by distinct signaling pathways downstream of P13-kinase in breast epithelial tumor cells.
JO  - Journal of Cell Biology
JF  - Journal of Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 164
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 603
EP  - 612
SN  - 00219525
AB  - Loss of tissue polarity and increased proliferation are the characteristic alterations of the breast tumor phenotype. To investigate these processes, we used a three-dimensional (3D) culture system in which malignant human breast cells can be reverted to a normal phenotype by exposure to inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (Pl3K). Using this assay, we find that Akt and Rac1 act as downstream effectors of Pl3K and function as control points of cellular proliferation and tissue polarity, respectively. Our results also demonstrate that the Pl3K signaling pathway is an integral component of the overall signaling network induced by growth in 3D, as reversion affected by inhibition of Pl3K signaling also down-modulates the endogenous levels of β1integrin and epidermal growth factor receptor, the upstream modulators of P13K, and up-regulates PTEN, the antagonist of Pl3K. These findings reveal key events of the Pl3K pathway that play distinct roles to maintain tissue polarity and that when disrupted are instrumental in the malignant phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cell Biology is the property of Rockefeller University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - BREAST diseases
KW  - CELL proliferation
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - POLARITY (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 12420905; Liu, Hong 1 Radisky, Derek C. 1 Wang, Fei 1 Bissell, Mina J. 1; Email Address: mjbissell@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 2/16/2004, Vol. 164 Issue 4, p603; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: BREAST diseases; Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: POLARITY (Biology); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavenonis, John
AU  - Don Tilley, T.
T1  - Synthesis and reactivity of bis(heptamethylindenyl) yttrium (Ind*2Y) complexes containing alkyl and hydride ligands: crystal structure of Ind*2YCl(THF)
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 689
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 870
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - The syntheses and reactivities of yttrium alkyl and hydride complexes containing a sterically demanding, bis(heptamethylindenyl) ligand set are reported. The chloride complex Ind*2YCl(THF) (2, Ind* = heptamethylindenyl) was prepared by the reaction of Ind*Na (1, 2 equiv) with YCl3 in THF. Compound 2 was structurally characterized. Complex reaction mixtures were obtained when compound 2 was treated with KSi(SiMe3)3 or (THF)3LiSi(SiMe3)3, although 2 reacted readily with MeLi to yield the methyl complex Ind*2YMe(THF) (3). Treatment of 3 with H2 or PhSiH3 gave the base-stabilized hydride complex Ind*2YH(THF) (4). The base-free chloride complex Ind*2YCl (5) was synthesized by the reaction of 1 (2 equiv) with YCl3 in toluene. Treatment of 2 with LiCH(SiMe3)2 yielded the base-free alkyl complex Ind*2YCH(SiMe3)2 (6). No reaction was observed between 6 and CH4, and complex reaction mixtures were obtained when 6 was treated with H2 or PhSiH3. However, when 6 was treated with H2 in the presence of THF, the transient hydride Ind*2YH was trapped as complex 4. The increased steric bulk of 6 leads to a slower reaction with PhSiH3 as compared to Cp*2YCH(SiMe3)2 (7). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - REACTIVITY (Chemistry)
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - YTTRIUM alloys
KW  - σ-Bond metathesis
KW  - Heptamethylindenyl ligand
KW  - Yttrium alkyl complexes
KW  - Yttrium hydride complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 12177735; Gavenonis, John 1 Don Tilley, T. 2; Email Address: tdtilley@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 689 Issue 4, p870; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: REACTIVITY (Chemistry); Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: YTTRIUM alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: σ-Bond metathesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heptamethylindenyl ligand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yttrium alkyl complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yttrium hydride complexes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.11.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burt, A.C.
AU  - Celik, I.B.
AU  - Gemmen, R.S.
AU  - Smirnov, A.V.
T1  - A numerical study of cell-to-cell variations in a SOFC stack
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 126
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A numerical investigation of cell-to-cell voltage variation is performed by considering the impact of flow distribution and heat transfer on a SOFC stack. The stack model used is based on a one-dimensional co-flow cell model developed in prior work. The influence of radiative heat transfer between the PEN (positive electrode, electrolyte, negative electrode body) and the neighboring separator plates on the temperature distribution is also considered. Variations in cell voltage are attributed to asymmetries in stack geometry (boundary effects) and non-uniformity in flow rates, more particularly, flow thermal capacity. Simulations were done in a parallel computing environment with each cell computed in a separate (CPU) process. This natural decomposition of the fuel cell stack reduced the number of communicated variables thereby improving computational performance. The parallelization scheme implemented utilized a message passing interface (MPI) protocol where cell-to-cell communication is achieved via exchange of temperature and thermal fluxes between neighboring cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Fuel cell modeling
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cell
KW  - Stack modeling
KW  - Variation in cell-to-cell performance
N1  - Accession Number: 12098060; Burt, A.C. 1 Celik, I.B. 1; Email Address: ismail.celik@wvu.edu Gemmen, R.S. 2; Email Address: randall.gemmen@netl.doe.gov Smirnov, A.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA  2: US DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1/2, p76; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stack modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variation in cell-to-cell performance; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.08.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haraldsson, Kristina
AU  - Wipke, Keith
T1  - Evaluating PEM fuel cell system models
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 126
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Many proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell models have been reported in publications and some are available commercially. This paper helps users match their modeling needs with specific fuel cell models. The paper has three parts. First, it describes the model selection criteria for choosing a fuel cell model. Second, it applies these criteria to select state-of-the-art fuel cell models available in the literature and commercially. The advantages and disadvantages of commercial models are discussed. Third, the paper illustrates the process of choosing a fuel cell model with an example: the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL’s) evaluation of two detailed stand-alone fuel cell system models. One is from Virginia Tech University, and the other is from Sweden’s Royal Institute of Technology. Both models have been integrated into NREL’s vehicle simulation model ADVISOR™ 2003 (Advanced Vehicle Simulator). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - MEMBRANES (Technology)
KW  - Advanced vehicle simulator: fuel cell system modelling
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Proton exchange membrane
N1  - Accession Number: 12098061; Haraldsson, Kristina; Email Address: kristina_haraldsson@nrel.gov Wipke, Keith 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Boulevard, MS 1633, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1/2, p88; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: MEMBRANES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced vehicle simulator: fuel cell system modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton exchange membrane; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.08.044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12098061&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guerfi, A.
AU  - Charest, P.
AU  - Kinoshita, K.
AU  - Perrier, M.
AU  - Zaghib, K.
T1  - Nano electronically conductive titanium-spinel as lithium ion storage negative electrode
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 126
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Li4Ti5O12 was prepared by a solid-state reaction of ternary precursor materials TiO2, Li2CO3 and carbon. The precursors were mixed by two methods—a dry and wet process. Different types of carbons (carbon black, high-surface-area carbon, graphite and carbonized polymer) were used. The particle shape and size of the product were connected to the carbon type used in the synthesis. The electrochemical performance and the role of particle shape and size were investigated. The weight loses of ternary powder was monitored by TGA to establish the optimum synthesis temperature. XRD diffraction was used to study the TiO2 residue in the final powder. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM alloys
KW  - CARBON
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Anode
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Li-ion battery
KW  - Nano-Li4Ti5O12
N1  - Accession Number: 12098072; Guerfi, A. 1 Charest, P. 1 Kinoshita, K. 1,2 Perrier, M. 1 Zaghib, K. 1; Email Address: karimz@ireq.ca; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec, 1800 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Que., Canada J3X 1S1  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 126 Issue 1/2, p163; Subject Term: LITHIUM alloys; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano-Li4Ti5O12; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.08.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bena, Iosif
AU  - Roiban, Radu
AU  - Tatar, Radu
T1  - Baryons, boundaries and matrix models
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 679
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 168
SN  - 05503213
AB  - A natural extension of the Dijkgraaf–Vafa proposal is to include fields in the fundamental representation of the gauge group. In this paper we use field theory techniques to analyze gauge theories whose tree level superpotential is a generic polynomial in multi-trace operators constructed out of such fields. We show that the effective superpotential is generated by planar diagrams with at most one (generalized) boundary. This justifies the proposal put forward in [I. Bena, R. Roiban, hep-th/0211075].We then proceed to extend the gauge theory-matrix model duality to include baryonic operators. We obtain the full moduli space of vacua for an <f>U(N)</f> theory with <f>N</f> flavors. We also outline a program leading to a string theory justification of the gauge theory-matrix model correspondence with fundamental matter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - OPERATOR theory
KW  - BARYONS
N1  - Accession Number: 11958887; Bena, Iosif 1; Email Address: iosif@physics.ucla.edu Roiban, Radu 2; Email Address: radu@vulcan2.physics.ucsb.edu Tatar, Radu 3; Email Address: rtatar@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  3: Department of Physics and Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 679 Issue 1/2, p168; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: OPERATOR theory; Subject Term: BARYONS; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.10.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xiaohua
AU  - Zhu, Chao
AU  - Ahluwalia, Rajesh
T1  - Numerical simulation of evaporating spray jets in concurrent gas–solids pipe flows
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2004/02/16/
VL  - 140
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
SN  - 00325910
AB  - A hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian model has been developed to simulate an evaporating spray jet in a gas–solids suspension flow. The approach is to determine the gas and solids flow fields by the two-fluid Eulerian method and the droplet flow field by the Lagrangian method. The model takes into account droplet evaporation, heat transfer due to droplet–solids collisions and hydrodynamic interactions among gas, droplets, and solids. The governing equations for mass, momentum, and energy contain source terms for effects of droplet evaporation. The converged solution, obtained by iterating between the Eulerian and Lagrangian formulations, yields the spray jet structure in the three-phase flow. Simulations for a confined pipe flow show that a layer of dense solids develops on the spray jet boundary that affects the heat and mass transfer between the spray region and its surroundings. Another interesting finding is the existence of similarity in dimensionless gas velocity profiles in the spray region. This dimensionless velocity profile appears to match the Schlichting formula or “the Law of 3/2” for single-phase jets. A parametric study is conducted to evaluate the effect of solids loading on the spray evaporation length. It indicates that compared to a solids-free case, a volumetric solids loading of just 1% can shorten the spray evaporation length by about 50%. The spray evaporation length is found to decrease asymptotically with further increase in solids loading. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Evaporating spray
KW  - Gas–solids flows
KW  - Numerical simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 12741191; Wang, Xiaohua 1 Zhu, Chao 2; Email Address: chao.zhu@njit.edu Ahluwalia, Rajesh 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 140 Issue 1/2, p56; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaporating spray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas–solids flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.powtec.2003.08.063
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiu, S. R.
AU  - Wierzbicki, T. A.
AU  - Orme, C. A.
AU  - Cody, A. M.
AU  - Hoyer, J. R.
AU  - Nancollas, G. H.
AU  - Zepeda, S.
AU  - de Yoreo, J. J.
T1  - Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization by osteopontin and citrate.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/02/17/
VL  - 101
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1811
EP  - 1815
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), which plays a functional role in plant physiology, is a source of chronic human disease, forming the major inorganic component of kidney stones. Understanding molecular mechanisms of biological control over COM crystallization is central to development of effective stone disease therapies and can help define general strategies for synthesizing biologically inspired materials. To date, research on COM modification by proteins and small molecules has not resolved the molecular-scale control mechanisms. Moreover, because proteins directing COM inhibition have been identified and sequenced, they provide a basis for general physiochemical investigations of biomineralization. Here, we report molecular-scale views of COM modulation by two urinary constituents, the protein osteopontin and citrate, a common therapeutic agent. Combining force microscopy with molecular modeling, we show that each controls growth habit and kinetics by pinning step motion on different faces through specific interactions in which both size and structure determine the effectiveness. Moreover, the results suggest potential for additive effects of simultaneous action by both modifiers to inhibit the overall growth of the crystal and demonstrate the utility of combining molecular imaging and modeling tools for understanding events underlying aberrant crystallization in disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KIDNEY stones
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - MINERALS in the body
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL research
N1  - Accession Number: 12805238; Qiu, S. R. 1; Email Address: qiu2@llnl.gov Wierzbicki, T. A. 2 Orme, C. A. 1 Cody, A. M. 3 Hoyer, J. R. 4 Nancollas, G. H. 5 Zepeda, S. 1,6 de Yoreo, J. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551  2: Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688  3: Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011  4: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104  5: Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Complex, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260  6: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95615; Source Info: 2/17/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 7, p1811; Subject Term: KIDNEY stones; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: MINERALS in the body; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGICAL research; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0307900100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radu, Daniela R.
AU  - Lai, Cheng-Yu
AU  - Wiench, Jerzy W.
AU  - Pruski, Marek
AU  - Lin, Victor S.-Y.
T1  - Gatekeeping Layer Effect: A Poly(lactic acid)-coated Mesoporous Silica Nanosphere-Based Fluorescence Probe for .Detection of Amino-Containing Neurotransmitters.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/02/18/
VL  - 126
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1640
EP  - 1641
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Synthesizing molecular receptors that can differentiate between various extracellular amino acid-based neurotransmitters has long been a research challenge. For example, dopamine and glutamic acid are two essential neurotransmitters that are often simultaneously exchanged between various neural cells. Despite their importance in understanding interneuronal chemical communication, to the best of our knowledge, no synthetic molecular receptor has been reported in the literature that can distinguish dopamine from glutamic acid.
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - NEURAL transmission
KW  - GLUTAMIC acid
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
KW  - NEUROTRANSMITTERS
KW  - ORGANIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 12622860; Radu, Daniela R. 1 Lai, Cheng-Yu 1 Wiench, Jerzy W. 1 Pruski, Marek 1 Lin, Victor S.-Y. 1; Email Address: vsylin@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111.; Source Info: 2/18/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 6, p1640; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: NEURAL transmission; Subject Term: GLUTAMIC acid; Subject Term: DOPAMINE; Subject Term: NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; Subject Term: NEUROTRANSMITTERS; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poluektov, Oleg G.
AU  - Utschig, Lisa M.
AU  - Dubinskij, Alexander A.
AU  - Thurnauer, Marion C.
T1  - ENDOR of Spin-Correlated Radical Pairs in Photosynthesis at High Magnetic Field: A Tool for Mapping Electron Transfer Pathways.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/02/18/
VL  - 126
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1644
EP  - 1645
SN  - 00027863
AB  - In photosynthesis, the primary energy conversion reactions involve a photo-initiated sequence of efficient electron-transfer steps resulting in charge separation across a biological membrane, thus converting light into an electrochemical potential. These reactions occur between cofactors held within integral membrane reaction center (RC) proteins. Time-resolved-electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy has been extensively used to monitor the primary photochemistry in RCs of purple bacteria and photosystems of cyanobacteria and green plants.
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - ENERGY conversion
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
N1  - Accession Number: 12622862; Poluektov, Oleg G. 1; Email Address: Oleg@anl.gov Utschig, Lisa M. 1 Dubinskij, Alexander A. 2 Thurnauer, Marion C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina 4, Moscow 117977, Russia.; Source Info: 2/18/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 6, p1644; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: ENERGY conversion; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norman, Michael
T1  - Superconductivity: Shine a light.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/02/19/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6976
M3  - Article
SP  - 692
EP  - 692
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Copper oxides superconduct at unusually high temperatures. New evidence from optical studies highlights the nature of the many body interactions involved. Throughout the history of superconductivity, optical spectroscopy through the scattering of light by a material, has been a vital tool. It was the existence of a gap in the excitation-energy spectrum of electrons, first observed in optical studies, that set researchers to a theory of superconductivity. This time, however, the revelations pertain to the underlying interactions in high-temperature superconductivity.
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12285232; Norman, Michael 1; Email Address: norman@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.; Source Info: 2/19/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6976, p692; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/427692a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hiraga, Takehiko
AU  - Anderson, Ian M.
AU  - Kohlstedt, David L.
T1  - Grain boundaries as reservoirs of incompatible elements in the Earth's mantle.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/02/19/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6976
M3  - Article
SP  - 699
EP  - 703
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The concentrations and locations of elements that strongly partition into the fluid phase in rocks provide essential constraints on geochemical and geodynamical processes in Earth's interior. A fundamental question remains, however, as to where these incompatible elements reside before formation of the fluid phase. Here we show that partitioning of calcium between the grain interiors and grain boundaries of olivine in natural and synthetic olivine-rich aggregates follows a thermodynamic model for equilibrium grain-boundary segregation. The model predicts that grain boundaries can be the primary storage sites for elements with large ionic radius-that is, incompatible elements in the Earth's mantle. This observation provides a mechanism for the selective extraction of these elements and gives a framework for interpreting geochemical signatures in mantle rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - ROCKS
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - OLIVINE
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - EARTH sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 12285223; Hiraga, Takehiko 1 Anderson, Ian M. 2 Kohlstedt, David L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.; Source Info: 2/19/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6976, p699; Subject Term: RESERVOIRS; Subject Term: ROCKS; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: OLIVINE; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02259
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hwang, J.
AU  - Timusk, T.
AU  - Gu, G. D.
T1  - High-transition-temperature superconductivity in the absence of the magnetic-resonance mode.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/02/19/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6976
M3  - Article
SP  - 714
EP  - 717
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The fundamental mechanism that gives rise to high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductivity in the copper oxide materials has been debated since the discovery of the phenomenon. Recent work has focused on a sharp ‘kink’ in the kinetic energy spectra of the electrons as a possible signature of the force that creates the superconducting state. The kink has been related to a magnetic resonance and also to phonons. Here we report that infrared spectra of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Bi-2212), shows that this sharp feature can be separated from a broad background and, interestingly, weakens with doping before disappearing completely at a critical doping level of 0.23 holes per copper atom. Superconductivity is still strong in terms of the transition temperature at this doping (Tc ˜ 55?K), so our results rule out both the magnetic resonance peak and phonons as the principal cause of high-Tc superconductivity. The broad background, on the other hand, is a universal property of the copper-oxygen plane and provides a good candidate signature of the ‘glue’ that binds the electrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - STOPPING power (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHONONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12285211; Hwang, J. 1 Timusk, T. 1 Gu, G. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.; Source Info: 2/19/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6976, p714; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: STOPPING power (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHONONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02347
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pierce, Aaron
AU  - Murayama, Hitoshi
T1  - WMAPping out neutrino masses
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/02/19/
VL  - 581
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 218
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Recent data from the Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe (WMAP) place important bounds on the neutrino sector. The precise determination of the baryon number in the universe puts a strong constraint on the number of relativistic species during Big Bang nucleosynthesis. WMAP data, when combined with the 2dF galaxy redshift survey (2dFGRS), also directly constrain the absolute mass scale of neutrinos. These results impinge upon a neutrino oscillation interpretation of the result from the liquid scintillator neutrino detector (LSND). We also note that the Heidelberg–Moscow evidence for neutrinoless double beta decay is only consistent with the <f>WMAP+2dFGRS</f> data for the largest values of the nuclear matrix element. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - BIG bang theory
KW  - 14.60.Pq
N1  - Accession Number: 12042807; Pierce, Aaron 1; Email Address: apierce@slac.stanford.edu Murayama, Hitoshi 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Group, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94309, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Theory Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 581 Issue 3/4, p218; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: BIG bang theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.60.Pq; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.075
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fiechtner, Gregory J.
AU  - Cummings, Eric B.
T1  - Low-dispersion electrokinetic flows for expanded separation channels in microfluidic systems:: Multiple faceted interfaces
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/02/20/
VL  - 1027
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
SN  - 00219673
AB  - A novel methodology to design on-chip conduction channels is presented for expansion of low-dispersion separation channels. Designs are examined using two-dimensional numerical solutions of the Laplace equation with a Monte Carlo technique to model diffusion. The design technique relies on trigonometric relations that apply for ideal electrokinetic flows. Flows are rotated and stretched along the abrupt interface between adjacent regions having differing specific permeability. Multiple interfaces can be placed in series along a channel. The resulting channels can be expanded to extreme widths while minimizing dispersion of injected analyte bands. These channels can provide a long path length for line-of-sight optical absorption measurements. Expanded sections can be reduced to enable point detection at the exit section of the channel. Designed to be shallow, these channels have extreme aspect ratios in the wide section, greatly increasing the surface-to-volume ratio to increase heat removal and decrease unwanted pressure-driven flow. The use of multiple interfaces is demonstrated by considering several three-interface designs. Faceted flow splitters can be constructed to divide channels into any number of exit channels while minimizing dispersion. The resulting manifolds can be used to construct medians for structural support in wide, shallow channels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electric conductivity
KW  - Thermal expansion
KW  - Harmonic functions (Mathematics)
KW  - Conduction band
KW  - Dispersion
KW  - Band profiles
KW  - Chip technology
KW  - Electrochromatography
KW  - Electrokinetic flows
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Microfluidics
N1  - Accession Number: 11883446; Fiechtner, Gregory J.; Email Address: gjfiech@sandia.gov; Cummings, Eric B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 1027 Issue 1/2, p245; Subject Term: Electric conductivity; Subject Term: Thermal expansion; Subject Term: Harmonic functions (Mathematics); Subject Term: Conduction band; Subject Term: Dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chip technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrokinetic flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microfluidics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.08.050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Franz, James A.
AU  - Shaw, Wendy J.
AU  - Lamb, Claude N.
AU  - Autrey, Tom
AU  - Kolwaite, Douglas S.
AU  - Camaioni, Donald M.
AU  - Alnajjar, Mikhail S.
T1  - Absolute Rate Constants for Reactions of Tributylstannyl Radicals with Bromoalkanes, Episulfides, and α-Halomethyl-Episulfides, -Cyclopropanes, and -Oxiranes: New Rate Expressions for Sulfur and Bromine Atom Abstraction.
JO  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/20/
VL  - 69
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1020
EP  - 1027
SN  - 00223263
AB  - Arrhenius rate expressions were determined for the abstraction of bromine atom from 2-phenethyl bromide by tri-n-butylstannyl radical (Bu3Sn) in benzene using transient absorption spectroscopy, (log(kabs,Br/M−¹ s−¹) = (9.21 ± 0.20) − (2.23 ± 0.28)/θ, θ = 2.3RT kcal/mol, errors are 2σ) and for the abstraction of sulfur atom from prophylene sulfide to form propylene, (log(ks/M−¹ s−¹) = 8.75 ± 0.91) − (2.35 ± 1.33)/θ). Rate constants for reactions of organic bromides, RBr, with Bu3Sn were found to vary as R = benzyl (15.6) > thiiranylmethyl (6.2) > oxiranylmethyl (3.1) > cyclopropylmethyl (1.3) > 2-phenethyl (1.0), with kabs,Br = 6.8 × 107 M−¹ s−¹ at 353 K for 2-phenethyl bromide. Bromine abstraction from α-bromomethylthiirane is about 7-fold faster than sulfur atom abstraction and is comparable to the reactivity of a secondary alkyl bromide. The potential surface for the vinylthiomethyl → allylthiyl radical rearrangement at UB3LYP/6-31G(d) and UB3LYP/6-311+G-(2d,2p) levels of theory suggests that the thiiranylmethyl radical is produced about 9 kcal/mol above the allylthiyl radical on the rearrangement surface, consistent with the observed enhancement of the Br atom abstraction from the thiirane and with synchronous C-S bond scission of the thiirane ring. The selectivities reported in this work for S vs Cl and Br abstraction provide applications for radical-based sythesis and new competition basis rate expressions for trialkylstannyl radicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - BROMIDES
KW  - BROMINE compounds
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - CYCLOPROPANE
N1  - Accession Number: 12543651; Franz, James A. 1; Email Address: james.franz@pnl.gov Shaw, Wendy J. 1 Lamb, Claude N. 2 Autrey, Tom 1 Kolwaite, Douglas S. 1 Camaioni, Donald M. 1 Alnajjar, Mikhail S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington  2: Department of Chemistry, North Carolina A & T, East Market Street, Greensboro, North Carolina; Source Info: 2/20/2004, Vol. 69 Issue 4, p1020; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: BROMIDES; Subject Term: BROMINE compounds; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: CYCLOPROPANE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, Christopher T.
AU  - Simmons, Elizabeth H.
T1  - Erratum to “Strong dynamics and electroweak symmetry breaking” [Phys. Rep. 381 (2003) 235–402]
JO  - Physics Reports
JF  - Physics Reports
Y1  - 2004/02/20/
VL  - 390
IS  - 6
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 553
SN  - 03701573
N1  - Accession Number: 12042759; Hill, Christopher T. 1; Email Address: hill@fnal.gov Simmons, Elizabeth H. 2,3; Email Address: esimmons@msu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA  3: Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 390 Issue 6, p553; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.physrep.2003.10.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garrett, Bruce C.
T1  - Ions at the Air/Water Interface.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/20/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5661
M3  - Article
SP  - 1146
EP  - 1147
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The conventional picture of the interface of simple aqueous salt solutions is based on thermodynamic analysis of the variation of surface tension with composition of the liquid. This picture is consistent with observations of hydrogen bonding in aqueous ionic clusters. Cations form hydrated clusters in which the ion binds to water oxygen atoms. The water molecules are distributed fairly symmetrically around the ion. In contrast, anions bind to water hydrogen atoms. The water molecules are arranged asymmetrically around the ion, enabling hydrogen bonding between them.
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12390777; Garrett, Bruce C. 1; Email Address: bruce.garrett@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA 99352, USA.; Source Info: 2/20/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5661, p1146; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1401
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeh, V.
AU  - Hupalo, M.
AU  - Conrad, E.H.
AU  - Tringides, M.C.
T1  - Quantum well dimension and energy level determination in Pb/Si(<f>1 1 1</f>)-<f>7×7</f>
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/20/
VL  - 551
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The comparison between measured vs calculated electronic energy levels in quantum well states (QWS) depends on the dimension of the potential well confining the electrons. The dimensions of the well can be determined with structural probes (high resolution LEED and STM) while the electronic structure can be obtained with angle resolved photoemission and STM spectroscopy. For heteroepitaxial growth the dimension of the well depends on the thickness of the wetting layer between the island and the substrate. For the Pb/Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7 system using SPA-LEED and STM, we have measured the thickness of the layer underneath the islands and the substrate to be 1 ML at all temperatures. For Pb films grown on top of the Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7 at low temperatures <f>T<110</f> K we have determined the height distribution at the metal/vacuum interface with STM to test how the quantitative analysis of QWS found in photoemission experiments is affected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - WETTING
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - LEAD
KW  - Electron–solid diffraction
KW  - Growth
KW  - Lead
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Quantum effects
KW  - Quantum wells
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Wetting
N1  - Accession Number: 12170533; Yeh, V. 1 Hupalo, M. 1 Conrad, E.H. 2 Tringides, M.C. 1; Email Address: tringides@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 551 Issue 1/2, p23; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: WETTING; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: LEAD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–solid diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum wells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.12.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guziewicz, E.
AU  - Kowalski, B.J.
AU  - Orlowski, B.A.
AU  - Szczepanska, A.
AU  - Golacki, Z.
AU  - Kowalik, I.A.
AU  - Grzegory, I.
AU  - Porowski, S.
AU  - Johnson, R.L.
T1  - Interaction between Sm and GaN––a photoemission study
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/20/
VL  - 551
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We report on a comprehensive study of the Sm/GaN(0 0 0 <f><unl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</unl></f>) interface using synchrotron radiation photoemission. Spectra were taken after stepwise Sm deposition onto a clean GaN(0 0 0 <f><unl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</unl></f>) surface at room temperature and after annealing. Based on the analysis of resonant photoemission spectra taken for <f>hν=136</f> eV (divalent samarium resonance) and <f>hν=141</f> eV (trivalent samarium resonance) we find that both divalent and trivalent samarium states are present in the GaN–Sm interface layer after each step of deposition. The average valence of the system increases from 2.57 for a coverage of 0.6 A˚ to 2.73 for 3.2 A˚. Above this coverage the average valence drops and reaches a final value of 2.63 for a coverage of 10 A˚. The Ga3d core level evolution confirms that two valence Sm states are present in the interface region. A large chemical shift of the Ga3d core level after samarium deposition and a moderate decrease in the Ga3d attenuation curve indicate that a reactive interface is created when Sm atoms are deposited on the GaN(0 0 0 <f><unl type="bar" STYLE="S">1</unl></f>) surface. Annealing of the Sm/GaN system to 500 °C induces a valence change from Sm2+ to Sm3+ and promotes diffusion of Sm from the interface into the bulk. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - SAMARIUM
KW  - Gallium nitride
KW  - Metal–semiconductor interfaces
KW  - Photoemission (total yield)
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 12170543; Guziewicz, E. 1,2; Email Address: ela@lanl.gov Kowalski, B.J. 2 Orlowski, B.A. 2 Szczepanska, A. 2 Golacki, Z. 2 Kowalik, I.A. 2 Grzegory, I. 3 Porowski, S. 3 Johnson, R.L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Mailstop K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-02 668, Warszawa, Poland  3: High Pressure Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-01 141, Warszawa, Poland  4: Universität Hamburg, II Institut für Experimentalphysik, D-22 761 Hamburg, Germany; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 551 Issue 1/2, p132; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: SAMARIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–semiconductor interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission (total yield); Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.01.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Jianjun
AU  - Zhang, Kaiwang
AU  - Zhong, Jianxin
T1  - Replication and alignment of quantum dots in multilayer heteroepitaxial growth
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/02/20/
VL  - 551
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L40
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We propose a model to elucidate the self-organization process of islands in multilayer heteroepitaxial growth. The model is based on the preferential nucleation and growth of islands in regions of tensile strain in the total strain field on a spacer-layer surface induced both by embedded islands and by growing surface islands. Surface islands nucleate at the regions of tensile strain induced by embedded islands. The islands grow in size and induce increasingly large compressive strain on the spacer-layer surface. A surface island reaches a stable size after the total strain field around it becomes compressive. The model predicts that islands in successive layers not only form ordered columns but also show uniform distributions of island size and spacing, in agreement with experimental observations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Growth
KW  - Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - Self-assembly
KW  - Surface stress
N1  - Accession Number: 12170530; Zhang, Jianjun 1 Zhang, Kaiwang 1 Zhong, Jianxin 2; Email Address: zhongjn@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6016, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 551 Issue 1/2, pL40; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface stress; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.12.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marciano, William J.
T1  - Anomalous Magnetic Moments.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/21/2/20/2004 Supplement
VL  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 87
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - The Dirac equation explained why the gyromagnetic ratio, g factor, is equal to 2 for fundamental spin $\frac{1}{2}$ particles. Quantum loop effects were subsequently shown to induce a small shift or anomaly, a≡(g-2)/2. Anomalous magnetic moment effects have been calculated and measured with extraordinary precision for the electron and muon. Here, the Standard Model's predictions for al=(gl-2)/2, l=e, μ are described and compared with experimental values. Implications for probing "New Physics" effects are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIRAC equation
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12680994; Marciano, William J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: 2/20/2004 Supplement, Vol. 19, p77; Subject Term: DIRAC equation; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldhaber, Maurice
T1  - Amending the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/21/2/20/2004 Supplement
VL  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
EP  - 180
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Some of my earlier arguments, suggesting modifications of the Standard Model of Particle Physics (see ref. 1), are elaborated and extended. Rules deduced from the known properties of elementary fermions are sharpened and extended in the first part. Conclusions drawn from the rules in the second part are also honed and expanded and an estimate of the neutrino mass eigenstates is added. In the third part, a tentative explanation of the rules is discussed. In my earlier paper, I suggested replacing the point-sources postulated by the Standard Model for each generation by finite 'source-shapes', equal for all elementary fermions of a generation and systematically decreasing in volume from the first to the third generation, thus increasing the effect of self-interactions. According to the rules a correlation exists between the mass of an elementary fermion and the strength of its self-interaction, thus an increase in self-interactions would resolve the problem of the hierarchical masses. A possible connection between the existence of only three generations and the three-dimensionality of space also is discussed. In the epilogue the question is explored whether finite source-shapes for the elementary fermions can be reconciled with fundamental theoretical tenets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - EIGENFUNCTIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12680986; Goldhaber, Maurice 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2/20/2004 Supplement, Vol. 19, p167; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: EIGENFUNCTIONS; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rose, Harald
T1  - Outline of an ultracorrector compensating for all primary chromatic and geometrical aberrations of charged-particle lenses
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A novel ultracorrector is outlined which compensates for the primary and secondary first-order chromatic aberrations and all third-order geometrical aberrations of electron optical systems with a straight axis. Owing to the imposed symmetry conditions on the fields and the paraxial fundamental rays, the corrector does not introduce aberrations with 2-fold symmetry. The chromatic aberrations are corrected by means of crossed electric magnetic quadrupoles while the third-order geometrical aberrations are eliminated by octopoles. By placing these elements at distinct positions within the corrector, it is possible to successively eliminate the third-order aberrations in such a way that each subsequent correction does not affect the aberrations corrected in the preceding correction steps. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACHROMATISM
KW  - OPTICAL aberrations
KW  - SPHERICAL astronomy
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Chromatic aberration
KW  - Eikonal
KW  - Geometrical aberrations
KW  - Quadrupole septuplet
KW  - Ultracorrector
N1  - Accession Number: 12241517; Rose, Harald 1; Email Address: rose@ltoi.iap.physik.tu-darmstadt.de; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p12; Subject Term: ACHROMATISM; Subject Term: OPTICAL aberrations; Subject Term: SPHERICAL astronomy; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromatic aberration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eikonal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geometrical aberrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadrupole septuplet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultracorrector; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.115
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Makino, K.
AU  - Berz, M.
AU  - Johnstone, C.J.
AU  - Errede, D.
T1  - High-order map treatment of superimposed cavities, absorbers, and magnetic multipole and solenoid fields
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Various modern systems for the transport and manipulation of large acceptance beams of rare and short-lived particles require the treatment of nonlinear optics of acceleration, absorption, and focusing in a combined approach. We describe a differential algebraic method for the treatment of such nonlinear dynamics via high-order transfer maps. We include the processes of scattering and straggling through absorbing material, which are inherently non-deterministic and hence not representable in the map formalism, in a split operator approach. Some examples of simulations of muon beam ionization cooling channels are provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - 02.50.Ey
KW  - 02.60.Cb
KW  - 02.60.Lj
KW  - COSY INFINITY
KW  - Differential algebra
KW  - Muon ionization cooling
KW  - Nonlinear effect
KW  - Partial differential equation
KW  - Transfer map
N1  - Accession Number: 12241536; Makino, K. 1; Email Address: makino@uiuc.edu Berz, M. 2; Email Address: berz@msu.edu Johnstone, C.J. 3; Email Address: cjj@fnal.gov Errede, D. 1; Email Address: derrede@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p162; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.50.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.60.Cb; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.60.Lj; Author-Supplied Keyword: COSY INFINITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon ionization cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial differential equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transfer map; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.133
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walstrom, P.L.
T1  - Soft-edged magnet models for higher-order beam-optics map codes
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Continuously varying surface and volume source-density distributions are used to model magnetic fields inside of cylindrical volumes. From these distributions, a package of subroutines computes on-axis generalized gradients and their derivatives at arbitrary points on the magnet axis for input to the numerical map-generating subroutines of the Lie-algebraic map code Marylie. In the present version of the package, the magnet menu includes: (1) cylindrical current-sheet or radially thick current distributions with either open boundaries or with a surrounding cylindrical boundary with normal field lines (which models high-permeability iron), (2) Halbach-type permanent multipole magnets, either as sheet magnets or as radially thick magnets, (3) modeling of arbitrary fields inside a cylinder by use of a fictitious current sheet. The subroutines provide on-axis gradients and their <f>z</f> derivatives to essentially arbitrary order, although in the present third- and fifth-order Marylie only the zeroth through sixth derivatives are needed. The formalism is especially useful in beam-optics applications, such as magnetic lenses, where realistic treatment of fringe-field effects is needed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - Magnetic field models
KW  - Magnetic optics
KW  - Transport maps
N1  - Accession Number: 12241541; Walstrom, P.L. 1; Email Address: walstrom@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p216; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic field models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport maps; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.158
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wan, W.
AU  - Feng, J.
AU  - Padmore, H.A.
AU  - Robin, D.S.
T1  - Simulation of a mirror corrector for PEEM3
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A third generation aberration-corrected Photoemission Electron Microscope is being designed at the Advanced Light Source. An electron mirror is used for the correction of the lowest order spherical and chromatic aberrations. Two very different methods, one using finite-element method and ray-tracing technique and the other using charge ring method and differential algebra technique, have been employed to simulate the electrostatic field and the behavior of the electron beam. Good agreement has been obtained between the two methods and a tetrode mirror has been found to effectively correct the spherical and chromatic aberrations. Operating at <f>20 kV</f>, the point resolution for 100% transmission reaches <f>50 nm</f> with the mirror corrector, a significant reduction from that of <f>440 nm</f> without correction. The highest resolution achieved is <f>4 nm</f> at 2% transmission, as opposed to <f>20 nm</f> at 1% transmission without correction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL algebra
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - Aberration correction
KW  - Differential algebra
KW  - Electron mirror
KW  - XPEEM
N1  - Accession Number: 12241542; Wan, W.; Email Address: wwan@lbl.gov Feng, J. 1 Padmore, H.A. 1 Robin, D.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p222; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL algebra; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aberration correction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron mirror; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPEEM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.159
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veryovkin, Igor V.
AU  - Chen, Chun-Yen
AU  - Calaway, Wallis F.
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
AU  - Lee, Typhoon
T1  - Computer simulation of time-of-flight mass spectrometers: calculations of mass spectra and spatial distributions of ions
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In the present work, an advanced algorithm to simulate complex ion optical systems is described, and results of its application to time-of-flight mass spectrometers with laser post-ionization of secondary neutrals are presented. To examine ion optics designs for such instruments and to find optimized solutions, a combination of charged particle optics modeling software (for simulating large sets of ion trajectories) and database software (for processing results of the simulations with database management routines) was introduced and used to aid the design of new instruments developed at Argonne National Laboratory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Ion optics
KW  - SIMION
KW  - Time-of-flight mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12241556; Veryovkin, Igor V. 1; Email Address: verigo@anl.gov Chen, Chun-Yen 2 Calaway, Wallis F. 1 Pellin, Michael J. 1 Lee, Typhoon 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 200, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, ROC; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p345; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.172
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veryovkin, Igor V.
AU  - Calaway, Wallis F.
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
T1  - Ion optics of a new time-of-flight mass spectrometer for quantitative surface analysis
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new time-of-flight instrument for quantitative surface analysis was developed and constructed at Argonne National Laboratory. It implements ion sputtering and laser desorption for probing analyzed samples and can operate in regimes of secondary neutral mass spectrometry with laser post-ionization and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The instrument incorporates two new ion optics developments: (1) “push–pull” front end ion optics and (2) focusing and deflecting lens. Implementing these novel elements significantly enhance analytical capabilities of the instrument. Extensive three-dimensional computer simulations of the instrument were conducted in SIMION 3D© to perfect its ion optics. The operating principles of the new ion optical systems are described, and a scheme of the new instrument is outlined together with its operating modes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRON-stimulated desorption
KW  - Ion optics
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - SIMION
KW  - Virtual reality
N1  - Accession Number: 12241557; Veryovkin, Igor V.; Email Address: verigo@anl.gov Calaway, Wallis F. 1 Pellin, Michael J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 200, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p353; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTRON-stimulated desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Virtual reality; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.173
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veryovkin, Igor V.
AU  - Calaway, Wallis F.
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
T1  - A virtual reality instrument: near-future perspective of computer simulations of ion optics
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The method of accurate modeling of complex ion optical systems is presented. It combines using SIMION 3D© with external software generating input ion sets and processing results of ion trajectory simulations. This method was used to simulate time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer of secondary neutrals SARISA (Surface Analysis by Resonance Ionization of Sputtered Atoms), and results of simulations were compared to results of the experiments. It is demonstrated that the accuracy of the presented modeling method is sufficient to reproduce experimental TOF (mass) spectra and dependencies of the instrument useful yield on sputtering and ionization conditions. A concept of “virtual reality instrument” as a logical extension of the method is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIRTUAL reality
KW  - IONS
KW  - TRAJECTORY optimization
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Ion optics
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - SIMION
KW  - Virtual reality
N1  - Accession Number: 12241558; Veryovkin, Igor V.; Email Address: verigo@anl.gov Calaway, Wallis F. 1 Pellin, Michael J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 200, 9700S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p363; Subject Term: VIRTUAL reality; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: TRAJECTORY optimization; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Virtual reality; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.174
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12241558&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wollnik, H.
AU  - Casares, A.
AU  - Radford, D.
AU  - Yavor, M.
T1  - Multi-pass time-of-flight mass spectrometers of high resolving power
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Using the flight path in an energy-isochronous time-of-flight mass spectrometer repeatedly, one can achieve very high mass resolving powers because of the overall long flight distance. Additionally to their longitudinal isochronicity, such systems can provide a high transversal phase-space acceptance so that they can make use of ion beams of large phase-space volumes. This can be achieved by building the system from matched unit cells similarly to the techniques used in the design of accelerator storage rings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Matched unit-cell construction
KW  - Precise mass measurements
KW  - Time-of-flight mass spectrometers
N1  - Accession Number: 12241559; Wollnik, H. 1,2; Email Address: h.wollnik@uni-giessen.de Casares, A. 1,2 Radford, D. 1,2 Yavor, M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Laboratory for Analytical Instrumentation, RAS, St. Petersburg 198103, Russia; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p373; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matched unit-cell construction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precise mass measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight mass spectrometers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.175
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geraci, Andrew A.
AU  - Nolen, Jerry A.
AU  - Pardo, Richard C.
T1  - Superconducting linac beam dynamics with high-order maps for RF resonators
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 388
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The arbitrary-order map beam optics code COSY Infinity has recently been adapted to calculate accurate high-order ion-optical maps for electrostatic and radio-frequency accelerating structures. The beam dynamics of the superconducting low-velocity positive-ion injector linac for the ATLAS accelerator at Argonne National Lab is used to demonstrate some advantages of the new simulation capability. The injector linac involves four different types of superconducting accelerating structures and has a total of 18 resonators. The detailed geometry for each of the accelerating cavities is included, allowing an accurate representation of the on- and off-axis electric fields. The fields are obtained within the code from a Poisson-solver for cylindrically symmetric electrodes of arbitrary geometry. The transverse focusing is done with superconducting solenoids. A detailed comparison of the transverse and longitudinal phase space is made with the conventional ray-tracing code LINRAY. The two codes are evaluated for ease of optimization, with particular attention to higher-order effects, and future applications are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - MAPPINGS (Mathematics)
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - Beam optics
KW  - High-order maps
KW  - Superconducting linacs
N1  - Accession Number: 12241562; Geraci, Andrew A. 1,2; Email Address: andrew.geraci@stanford.edu Nolen, Jerry A. 2 Pardo, Richard C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p388; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: MAPPINGS (Mathematics); Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-order maps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting linacs; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.177
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ostroumov, P.N.
T1  - Heavy-ion beam dynamics in the RIA accelerators
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 412
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Nuclear Science Community in the United States has unanimously concluded that developments in both nuclear science and its supporting technologies make building a Rare-Isotope Accelerator (RIA) facility for production of radioactive beams. The RIA development effort involves several US Laboratories (ANL, JLAB, LANL, LBNL, MSU, ORNL). The RIA project includes a continuous wave 1.4 GV driver linac and a 123 MV post-accelerator, both based on superconducting (SC) cavities operating at frequencies from 48 to 805 MHz. Several new conceptual solutions in physics design of heavy-ion SC linacs have been developed recently. In particular, the concept of multiple charge state beam acceleration in SC linacs was tested and will be used in the driver linac to increase available accelerated beam power. A detailed design has been developed for the focusing–accelerating lattice of the RIA linacs which are configured as an array of short SC cavities, each with independently controllable RF phase. Independent phasing allows the velocity profile to be varied: the linac can be tuned to provide higher energies for the lighter ions. For example, the reference design linac can be tuned to provide a uranium beam at an energy of 403 MeV/u and can be re-tuned to provide a proton beam at 900 MeV. The linac must provide 100 kW beam power with the possibility to upgrade up to 400 kW. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - NUCLEAR science
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Beam dynamics
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Heavy ion
KW  - Superconducting linac
N1  - Accession Number: 12241565; Ostroumov, P.N. 1; Email Address: ostroumov@phy.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p412; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR science; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting linac; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.181
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wangler, T.P.
AU  - Allen, C. K.
AU  - Chan, K.C.D.
AU  - Colestock, P.L.
AU  - Crandall, K.R.
AU  - Garnett, R.W.
AU  - Gilpatrick, J.D.
AU  - Lysenko, W.
AU  - Qiang, J.
AU  - Schneider, J.D.
AU  - Schulze, M.E.
AU  - Sheffield, R.L.
AU  - Smith, H.V.
T1  - Beam-halo in mismatched proton beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Progress was made during the past decade towards a better understanding of halo formation caused by beam mismatch in high-intensity beams. To test these ideas an experiment was carried out at Los Alamos with proton beams in a 52-quadrupole focusing channel. Rms emittances and beam widths were obtained from measured beam profiles for comparison with the maximum emittance-growth predictions of a free-energy model and the maximum halo-amplitude predictions of a particle-core model. The experimental results are also compared with multiparticle simulations. In this paper we will present the experimental results and discuss the implications with respect to the validity of both the models and the simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - LOS Alamos (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Beam halo
KW  - Beam profiles
KW  - Emittance growth
KW  - Mismatch
KW  - Simulations
KW  - Space charge
N1  - Accession Number: 12241567; Wangler, T.P. 1; Email Address: twangler@lanl.gov Allen, C. K. 1 Chan, K.C.D. 1 Colestock, P.L. 1 Crandall, K.R. 2 Garnett, R.W. 1 Gilpatrick, J.D. 1 Lysenko, W. 1 Qiang, J. 3 Schneider, J.D. 1 Schulze, M.E. 4 Sheffield, R.L. 1 Smith, H.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: TechSource, Santa Fe, NM 87594-1057, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: General Atomics, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p425; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: LOS Alamos (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam halo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emittance growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mismatch; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space charge; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.182
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carey, David C.
T1  - Scattering in a magnetic field
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A scheme of ionization cooling proposed at Fermilab involves energy loss by passing a muon beam through liquid hydrogen. Focussing is done by solenoids. A particle travelling in a straight line, will, after being scattered, follow a helical trajectory. After a full circle is made, the trajectory will be downstream at a point where some of the previously unscattered particles will now scatter. The portions of phase space occupied in the two scatterings now overlap and will occupy less space than if there were no overlap. Results of detailed calculations and approximations made will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMI liquids
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - LIQUID hydrogen
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 12241573; Carey, David C. 1; Email Address: davec@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, B.D. Special Projects, MS 221, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60563, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p461; Subject Term: FERMI liquids; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: LIQUID hydrogen; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.186
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12241573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Errede, D.
AU  - Makino, K.
AU  - Berz, M.
AU  - Johnstone, C.J.
AU  - Van Ginneken, A.
T1  - Stochastic processes in muon ionization cooling
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 466
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A muon ionization cooling channel consists of three major components: the magnet optics, an acceleration cavity, and an energy absorber. The absorber of liquid hydrogen contained by thin aluminum windows is the only component which introduces stochastic processes into the otherwise deterministic acceleration system. The scattering dynamics of the transverse coordinates is described by Gaussian distributions. The asymmetric energy loss function is represented by the Vavilov distribution characterized by the minimum number of collisions necessary for a particle undergoing loss of the energy distribution average resulting from the Bethe–Bloch formula. Examples of the interplay between stochastic processes and deterministic beam dynamics are given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - LIQUID hydrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 12241574; Errede, D. 1; Email Address: derrede@uiuc.edu Makino, K. 1; Email Address: makino@uiuc.edu Berz, M. 2; Email Address: berz@msu.edu Johnstone, C.J. 3; Email Address: cjj@fnal.gov Van Ginneken, A. 3; Email Address: vangin@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p466; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: LIQUID hydrogen; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.187
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnstone, C.
AU  - Berz, M.
AU  - Errede, D.
AU  - Makino, K.
T1  - Muon beam ionization cooling in a linear quadrupole channel
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 519
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 472
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In a scenario for either a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider, the anticipated transverse beam emittance subsequent to capture and phase rotation is so large that it permits a relaxation of the requirements on beam spot size in the early stages relative to the final stages of ionization cooling. Staging the cooling process according to initial emittances, coupled with modest cooling factors, permits more optimal and efficient cooling channel designs and avoids much of the difficulty encountered with channels which attempt to maintain strong focusing (large, 300–500 mrad, divergences) across ultra-large momentum ranges (&ges;±20% <f>δp/p</f>). Relaxation of spot size at the absorber, especially in the “precooling” stage, allowed development of an efficient transverse cooling channel based simply on a quadrupole FODO cell. This work describes the design of such a cooling channel and its application as an upstream stage of beam cooling. Being a linear channel with no bends, it serves to reduce the large transverse beam size delivered from muon-beam capture and bunching before entering more restricted optical structures such as transverse plus longitudinal cooling channels or accelerators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - Beam optics
KW  - Muon cooling channel
KW  - Neutrino factory
N1  - Accession Number: 12241575; Johnstone, C. 1; Email Address: cjj@fnal.gov Berz, M. 2; Email Address: berz@msu.edu Errede, D. 3; Email Address: derrede@uiuc.edu Makino, K. 3; Email Address: makino@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 519 Issue 1/2, p472; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon cooling channel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.188
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levy, Mark R.
AU  - Grimes, Robin W.
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
T1  - Disorder processes in A 3+ B 3+ O 3 compounds: implications for radiation tolerance.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/02/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
EP  - 545
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Intrinsic defect processes were compared for an extensive range of A 3+ B 3+ O 3 compounds with A cation radii from Sc 3+ to La 3+ and B cation radii from Al 3+ to In 3+ . Crossovers between cation antisite, Schottky and oxygen Frenkel disorder are predicted as a function of cation radius. The radiation tolerance of these compounds was discussed in the light of their relative defect process energies. On this basis there should be a wide variation in radiation tolerance. In particular, only a limited compositional range, coincident with the bixbyite structure, will exhibit the high tolerance previously observed in materials with fluorite and fluorite-related structures. Materials with the rhombohedral or orthorhombic perovskite structures will be significantly less tolerant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION tolerance
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - SCANDIUM
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - FLUORSPAR
N1  - Accession Number: 12021635; Levy, Mark R. 1 Grimes, Robin W. 1; Email Address: r.grimes@imperial.ac.uk Sickafus, Kurt E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Imperial College, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; Source Info: 2/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 6, p533; Subject Term: RADIATION tolerance; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: SCANDIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: FLUORSPAR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/1478643032000158297
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Luis J.
AU  - Price, David L.
AU  - Chowdhuri, Zema
AU  - Brady, John W.
AU  - Saboungi, Marie-Louise
T1  - Molecular dynamics of glucose in solution: A quasielastic neutron scattering study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3527
EP  - 3530
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The molecular dynamics of glucose dissolved in heavy water have been investigated at 280 K by the technique of quasielastic neutron scattering. The scattering was described by a dynamic structure factor that accounts for decoupled diffusive jumps and free rotational motions of the glucose molecules. With increasing glucose concentration, the diffusion constant decreases by a factor five and the time between jumps increases considerably. Our observations validate theoretical predictions concerning the impact of concentration on the environment of a glucose molecule and the formation of cages made by neighboring glucose molecules at higher concentrations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLUCOSE
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - QUASIELASTIC light scattering
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12319539; Smith, Luis J. 1 Price, David L. 2 Chowdhuri, Zema 3 Brady, John W. 4 Saboungi, Marie-Louise 5; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  2: Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux à Haute Temérature, France  3: NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Maryland  4: Department of Food Science, Cornell University, New York  5: Centre de Recherche sur la Matière Divisée, France; Source Info: 2/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 8, p3527; Subject Term: GLUCOSE; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: QUASIELASTIC light scattering; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1648302
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, R.B.
AU  - Rasmussem, K.Ø.
AU  - Lookman, T.
T1  - Elastic moduli of multiblock copolymers in the lamellar phase.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/02/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3990
EP  - 3996
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We study the linear elastic response of multiblock copolymer melts in the lamellar phase, where the molecules are composed of tethered symmetric AB diblock copolymers. We use a self-consistent field theory method, and introduce a real space approach to calculate the tensile and shear moduli as a function of block number. The former is found to be in qualitative agreement with experiment. We find that the increase in bridging fraction with block number, that follows the increase in modulus, is not responsible for the increase in modulus. It is demonstrated that the change in modulus is due to an increase in mixing of repulsive A and B monomers. Under extension, this increase originates from a widening of the interface, and more molecules pulled free of the interface. Under compression, only the second of these two processes acts to increase the modulus. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - LINEAR differential equations
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12319488; Thompson, R.B. 1 Rasmussem, K.Ø. 1 Lookman, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 2/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 8, p3990; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: LINEAR differential equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1643899
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Annis
AU  - B. K.
AU  - Badyal
AU  - Y. S.
AU  - Simonson
AU  - J. M.
T1  - Neutron-Scattering Determination of the Li+ Environment in an Aqueous Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Solution.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2554
EP  - 2556
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution was used to assess the relative solvation interactions near lithium ions in a D2O/deuterated poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) mixed solvent near 25 °C. Results for local structure near Li+ indicate a hydration structure very similar to that observed previously for Li+ in D2O solution with no added polymer. For the mixed solvent ratio used, PEO does not compete effectively with D2O for solvation sites near Li+. These results contribute to our understanding of reactivity and transport of ionic species in mixed aqueous polymer systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE oxide
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - SOLVATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12349695; Annis B. K. 1 Badyal Y. S. 1 Simonson J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 8, p2554; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE oxide; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: SOLVATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vergara
AU  - A.
AU  - Annunziata
AU  - O.
AU  - Paduano
AU  - L.
AU  - Miller
AU  - D. G.
AU  - Albright
AU  - J. G.
AU  - Sartorio
AU  - R.
T1  - Multicomponent Diffusion in Crowded Solutions. 2. Mutual Diffusion in the Ternary System Tetra(ethylene glycol)-NaCl-Water.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/02/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2764
EP  - 2772
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Multicomponent diffusion properties for the tetra(ethylene glycol) (PEG4)-sodium chloride-water ternary system are investigated at constant salt concentration (0.5 mol dm-3) and a wide range of PEG4 concentration approaching 3.0 mol dm-3 (60% volume fraction). Cross-velocity correlation (counterflows) for any pair of components in this ternary system is determined. Comparison between the exact multicomponent approach and the pseudobinary approximation, which is based on the assumption that the PEG4-water mixed solvent can be treated as one component, shows how the latter approach is misleading in describing the electrolyte diffusion properties in mixed solvents. Our results show strong coupling between the fluxes of NaCl and PEG4, which is attributed to the NaCl-PEG4 nonpreferential interactions in water. Moreover, the behavior of the NaCl and PEG4 chemical potentials as a function of the system composition can be quantitatively extracted from our diffusion measurements with the help of some interesting observations about the viscosity and conductivity properties of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TERNARY system
KW  - ETHYLENE glycol
KW  - SALT
KW  - VISCOSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12349728; Vergara A. 1 Annunziata O. 1 Paduano L. 1 Miller D. G. 1 Albright J. G. 1 Sartorio R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy, Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, and Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 108 Issue 8, p2764; Subject Term: TERNARY system; Subject Term: ETHYLENE glycol; Subject Term: SALT; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jellison Jr., G.E.
T1  - Generalized ellipsometry for materials characterization
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/02/22/
VL  - 450
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Ellipsometry experiments normally measure two to four parameters, which are converted to the ellipsometric parameters ψ and Δ. This is usually sufficient for many samples, but more complicated situations (such as anisotropic or depolarizing samples) require more sophisticated measurements. Over the last 7 years, we have developed the two-modulator generalized ellipsometer (2-MGE), which measures eight elements of the sample Mueller matrix simultaneously either in reflection or transmission. In reflection, the 2-MGE totally characterizes light reflection from anisotropic samples, measuring the normal ellipsometry parameters, as well as the cross-polarization and depolarization effects. Applications include the determination of the spectroscopic optical functions of uniaxial materials (such as TiO2 and ZnO), and the measurement of cross-polarization from diffractive structures. In transmission, the 2-MGE completely characterizes a general linear diattenuator and retarder. Applications include the measurement of the retardation and diattenuation of film polarizers and internal electric fields in LiNbO3 and CdZnTe under bias. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - Anisotropic
KW  - Polarization
KW  - Transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 12236353; Jellison Jr., G.E. 1; Email Address: jellisongejr@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6030, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 450 Issue 1, p42; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.10.148
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaramillo, Roger A.
AU  - Lusk, Mark T.
AU  - Mataya, Martin C.
T1  - Dimensional anisotropy during phase transformations in a chemically banded 5140 steel. Part I: experimental investigation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 52
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 851
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Dimensional anisotropy associated with chemical banding was investigated via quench dilatometry. The material used in this research was fabricated by roll bonding alternately stacked sheets of a standard 5140 steel and a modified 5140 with a higher manganese content. The resulting plate had a well defined manganese banding pattern with a known segregation bandwidth. Cylindrical dilatometer specimens were machined with the axial direction aligned parallel and perpendicular to the segregation planes. The banded steel was thermally cycled so that the material alternated between austenitic and martensitic structures. Results for multiple thermal cycles revealed that tensile plastic deformation occurs normal to the segregation plane and compressive plastic deformation occurs parallel to the segregation plane. An examination of the transformations associated with heating and cooling showed that an exaggerated apparent transformation strain was measured in the direction perpendicular to the segregation layers and a suppressed apparent transformation strain was measured parallel to the segregation layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - STEEL
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Austenite
KW  - Chemical banding
KW  - Dilatometry
KW  - Martensite
KW  - Thermal ratcheting
KW  - Transformation plasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 12168208; Jaramillo, Roger A. 1; Email Address: jaramillora@ornl.gov Lusk, Mark T. 1 Mataya, Martin C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering, Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology (MST-6), Mail Stop G770, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 52 Issue 4, p851; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: STEEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Austenite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical banding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dilatometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal ratcheting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transformation plasticity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.11.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barashev, A.V.
AU  - Golubov, S.I.
AU  - Bacon, D.J.
AU  - Flewitt, P.E.J.
AU  - Lewis, T.A.
T1  - Copper precipitation in Fe–Cu alloys under electron and neutron irradiation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 52
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 877
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Precipitation of copper-rich clusters is a contribution to in-service hardening of some reactor pressure vessel ferritic steels. At temperatures less than 300 °C the precipitates are observed to be about 2 nm in diameter and not to coarsen, at least in the dose range from ∼10−3 to 10−2 dpa. As a result the hardening is close to a maximum. This phenomenon is studied here by computer simulations based on the “mean-field” approach for describing microstructural evolution in a binary Fe–Cu alloy. It is shown that the experimental data obtained from electron irradiated material and reactor-neutron irradiated steels have a stage of precipitate evolution intermediate between growth and coarsening. During this stage the size distribution of precipitates broadens while the number density and the mean size remain constant, which explains the observations. The role interstitial atom clusters produced in displacement cascades may have on the kinetics of copper precipitate coarsening is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - Coarsening
KW  - Ferritic steels
KW  - Hardening
KW  - Mean Field Analysis
KW  - Precipitation
N1  - Accession Number: 12168211; Barashev, A.V. 1; Email Address: a.barashev@liv.ac.uk Golubov, S.I. 2 Bacon, D.J. 1 Flewitt, P.E.J. 3 Lewis, T.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering, The University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA  3: Reactor Services Organisation, BNFL Magnox Generation, Berkeley, Gloucestershire GL13 9PB, UK; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 52 Issue 4, p877; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coarsening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferritic steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mean Field Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xia, Z.
AU  - Riester, L.
AU  - Curtin, W.A.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Sheldon, B.W.
AU  - Liang, J.
AU  - Chang, B.
AU  - Xu, J.M.
T1  - Direct observation of toughening mechanisms in carbon nanotube ceramic matrix composites
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 52
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 931
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The excellent mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTS) are driving research into the creation of new strong, tough nanocomposite systems. Here, the first evidence of toughening mechanisms operating in carbon-nanotube-reinforced ceramic composites is presented. A highly ordered array of parallel multiwall CNTs in an alumina matrix was fabricated. Nanoindentation introduced controlled cracks and the damage was examined by scanning electron microscopy. These nanocomposites exhibit the three hallmarks of toughening found in micron-scale fiber composites: crack deflection at the CNT/matrix interface; crack bridging by CNTs; and CNT pullout on the fracture surfaces. Interface debonding and sliding can thus occur in materials with microstructures approaching the atomic scale. Furthermore, for certain geometries a new mechanism of nanotube collapse in “shear bands” occurs, rather than crack formation, suggesting that these materials can have multiaxial damage tolerance. The quantitative indentation data and computational models are used to determine the multiwall CNT axial Young’s modulus as 200–570 GPa, depending on the nanotube geometry and quality. Three-dimensional FEM analysis indicates that matrix residual stresses on the order of 300 MPa are sustained in these materials without spontaneous cracking, suggesting that residual stress can be used to engineer enhanced performance. These nanoscale ceramic composites thus have potential for toughening and damage tolerance at submicron scales, and so are excellent candidates for wear-resistant coatings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - TUBES
KW  - Ceramic
KW  - Composites
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Nanotubes
KW  - Toughening
N1  - Accession Number: 12168216; Xia, Z. 1 Riester, L. 2 Curtin, W.A. 1; Email Address: curtin@engin.brown.edu Li, H. 1 Sheldon, B.W. 1 Liang, J. 1 Chang, B. 1 Xu, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, RI 02912-9104, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6069, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 52 Issue 4, p931; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: TUBES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toughening; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Shen, T.D.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Mitchell, T.E.
AU  - Hirth, J.P.
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Embury, J.D.
T1  - Enhanced hardening in Cu/330 stainless steel multilayers by nanoscale twinning
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 52
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 995
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Metallic multilayered composites synthesized by sputter deposition exhibit very high hardness as the bilayer period approaches a few nanometers. In the present investigation on polycrystalline Cu/austenitic 330 stainless steel multilayered films with <f>〈1 1 1〉</f> texture, we have found a high density of growth twins and stacking faults. The stainless steel layers, in particular, exhibit twinning and faults on the scale of 3–4 nm, whereas in the Cu layers, a large fraction of the grains show twins with spacings of a few tens of nanometers. A model is developed that accounts for the formation of nanoscale twins during sputter deposition in terms of twin boundary or stacking fault energy and deposition rate. The increase of hardness with decreasing layer thickness follows the Hall–Petch law for layer thickness greater than about 50 nm, but at lower layer thickness the hardness saturates to a value of about 5 GPa. Hardening mechanisms are interpreted in terms of layer thickness and twin spacing within layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - AUSTENITIC steel
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - Multilayers
KW  - Nanoscale twinning
KW  - Sputtering
KW  - Stacking fault
KW  - Strengthening
KW  - Twin spacing
N1  - Accession Number: 12168222; Zhang, X. 1; Email Address: zhangx@lanl.gov Misra, A. 1 Wang, H. 1 Shen, T.D. 1 Nastasi, M. 1 Mitchell, T.E. 1 Hirth, J.P. 1 Hoagland, R.G. 1 Embury, J.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Ont., Canada L8S 4L7; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 52 Issue 4, p995; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: AUSTENITIC steel; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoscale twinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stacking fault; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strengthening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twin spacing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biswas, R.
AU  - Li, Z.Y.
AU  - Ho, K.M.
T1  - Impedance of photonic crystals and photonic crystal waveguides.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 84
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1254
EP  - 1256
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We develop and demonstrate the concept of impedance for a photonic crystal by generalizing the transverse wave impedance of conventional waveguides. The impedance involves a ratio of transverse fields and power flux. The calculated impedance for a two-dimensional photonic crystal is very well defined using the transfer matrix method. The predicted frequency-dependent reflectance from this impedance agrees very well with rigorous transfer matrix calculations for band modes and waveguiding modes in the band gap. This impedance concept will be very powerful in minimization of insertion loss into photonic crystal waveguides, designing waveguide splitters, and for modeling reflectance/transmittance from photonic crystals. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC impedance
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12292684; Biswas, R. 1; Email Address: biswasr@iastate.edu Li, Z.Y. 1 Ho, K.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames Laboratory and Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University; Source Info: 2/23/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 8, p1254; Subject Term: ELECTRIC impedance; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649815
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucheyev, S.O.
AU  - Felter, T.E.
AU  - Siekhaus, W.J.
AU  - Nelson, A.J.
AU  - Hamza, A.V.
T1  - Hydrogen–deuterium exchange in KD[sub 2]PO[sub 4].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 84
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1344
EP  - 1346
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Depth profiles of [sup 1]H and [sup 2]D in rapidly grown KD[sub 2x]H[sub 2(1-x)]PO[sub 4] single crystals are studied by elastic recoil detection analysis. Results show that, under ambient conditions, deuteration in the first ∼500 nm from the sample surface significantly decreases within the first several days after D[sub 2]O surface polishing. This effect is attributed to deuterium–hydrogen exchange. The effective diffusion coefficient of this process is strongly dependent on both the degree of deuteration and the sample growth conditions. Physical mechanisms of D/H exchange are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12292654; Kucheyev, S.O. 1; Email Address: kucheyev1@llnl.gov Felter, T.E. 1 Siekhaus, W.J. 1 Nelson, A.J. 1 Hamza, A.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 2/23/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 8, p1344; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1650039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohkubo, I.
AU  - Christen, H.M.
AU  - Kalinin, Sergei V.
AU  - Jellison Jr., G.E.
AU  - Rouleau, C.M.
AU  - Lowndes, D.H.
T1  - High-throughput growth temperature optimization of ferroelectric Sr[sub x]Ba[sub 1-x]Nb[sub 2]O[sub 6] epitaxial thin films using a temperature gradient method.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 84
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1350
EP  - 1352
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have developed a multisample film growth method on a temperature-gradient substrate holder to quickly optimize the film growth temperature in pulsed-laser deposition. A smooth temperature gradient is achieved, covering a range of temperatures from 200 to 830 °C. In a single growth run, the optimal growth temperature for Sr[sub x]Ba[sub 1-x]Nb[sub 2]O[sub 6] thin films on MgO(001) substrates was determined to be 750 °C, based on results from ellipsometry and piezoresponse force microscopy. Variations in optical properties and ferroelectric domains structures were clearly observed as function of growth temperature, and these physical properties can be related to their different crystalline quality. Piezoresponse force microscopy indicated the formation of uniform ferroelectric film for deposition temperatures above 750 °C. At 660 °C, isolated micron-sized ferroelectric islands were observed, while samples deposited below 550 °C did not exhibit clear piezoelectric contrast. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12292652; Ohkubo, I. 1; Email Address: okuboi@ornl.gov Christen, H.M. 1 Kalinin, Sergei V. 1 Jellison Jr., G.E. 1 Rouleau, C.M. 1 Lowndes, D.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: 2/23/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 8, p1350; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1650916
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yusheng Zhao
AU  - Jiang Qian
AU  - Daemen, Luke L.
AU  - Pantea, Cristian
AU  - Jianzhong Zhang
AU  - Voronin, Georgiy A.
AU  - Zerda, T. Waldek
T1  - Enhancement of fracture toughness in nanostructured diamond–SiC composites.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 84
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1356
EP  - 1358
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We synthesized diamond–SiC nanocomposites with superhardness and greatly enhanced fracture toughness through a synthetic approach based on high-energy ball milling to form amorphous Si precursors followed by rapid reactive sintering at high pressure (P) and high temperature (T). We show how the simultaneous P–T application allows for better control of the reactive sintering of a nanocrystalline SiC matrix in which diamond crystals are embedded. The measured fracture toughness K[sub IC] of the synthesized composites has been enhanced greatly, as much as 50% from 8.2 to 12.0 MPa m1/2, as the crystal size of the SiC matrix decreases from 10 μm to 20 nm. Our result contradicts a commonly held belief of an inverse correlation between hardness and fracture toughness. We demonstrate the importance of nanostructure for the enhancement of mechanical properties of the composite materials. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - SINTERING
N1  - Accession Number: 12292650; Yusheng Zhao 1; Email Address: yzhao@lanl.gov Jiang Qian 1 Daemen, Luke L. 1 Pantea, Cristian 1 Jianzhong Zhang 1 Voronin, Georgiy A. 2 Zerda, T. Waldek 2; Affiliation:  1: LANSCE Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas Christian University; Source Info: 2/23/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 8, p1356; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: SINTERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1650556
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hershberger, J.
AU  - Öztürk, O.
AU  - Ajayi, O.O.
AU  - Woodford, J.B.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
AU  - Erck, R.A.
AU  - Fenske, G.R.
T1  - Evaluation of DLC coatings for spark-ignited, direct-injected fuel systems
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/02/23/
VL  - 179
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
SN  - 02578972
AB  - The suitability of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings for reduction of friction and wear in spark-ignited, direct-injected fuel systems has been investigated. Three commercially available DLC coatings have been compared to near-frictionless carbon (NFC) coatings and to uncoated metal in standardized lubricity tests and custom wear tests intended to simulate the fuel system environment. The coatings were applied to both laboratory balls and flats and to production fuel injector tips. These coatings provided improvements in friction and wear over uncoated surfaces, with the greatest improvements found in parts coated with NFC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON composites
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - Amorphous
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD)
KW  - Profilometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12169907; Hershberger, J.; Email Address: jhersh@anl.gov Öztürk, O. Ajayi, O.O. 1 Woodford, J.B. 1 Erdemir, A. 1 Erck, R.A. 1 Fenske, G.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 212, Rm. D204, 9700 S Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 179 Issue 2/3, p237; Subject Term: CARBON composites; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: FRICTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Profilometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0257-8972(03)00859-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrenko, Alexander
AU  - Maniero, Anna Lisa
AU  - van Tol, Johan
AU  - MacMillan, Fraser
AU  - Yajing Li
AU  - Brunel, Louis-Claude
AU  - Redding, Kevin
T1  - A High-Field EPR Study of P[sub700][sup+] in Wild-Type and Mutant Photosystem I from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/02/24/
VL  - 43
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1781
EP  - 1786
SN  - 00062960
AB  - High-frequency, high-field EPR at 330 GHz was used to study the photo-oxidized primary donor of photosystem I (P700+˙) in wild-type and mutant forms of photosystem I in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The main focus was the substitution of the axial ligand of the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll á molecules that form the P700 heterodimer. Specifically, we examined PsaA-H676Q, in which the histidine axial ligand of the A-side chlorophyll á (PA) is replaced with glutamine, and PsaB-H656Q, with a similar replacement of the axial ligand of the B-side chlorophyll a (PB), as well as the double mutant (PsaA-H676Q/PsaB-H656Q), in which both axial ligands were replaced. We also examined the PsaA-T739A mutant, which replaces a threonine residue hydrogen-bonded to the 13¹ -keto group of PA with an alanine residue. The principal g-tensor components of the P700+ radical determined in these mutants and in wild-type photosystem I were compared with each other, with the monomeric chlorophyll cation radical (Chlz+˙) in photosystem II, and with recent theoretical calculations for different model structures of the chlorophyll a+ cation radical. In mutants with a modified PB axial ligand, the gzz component of P700+˙ was shifted down by up to 2 × 10-4, while mutations near PA had no significant effect. We discuss the shift of the gzz component in terms of a model with a highly asymmetric distribution of unpaired electron spin in the P700+˙ radical cation, mostly localized on PB, and a deviation of the PB chlorophyll structure from planarity due to the axial ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii
KW  - GREEN algae
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ALANINE
KW  - GLUTAMINE
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 12470788; Petrenko, Alexander 1 Maniero, Anna Lisa 2 van Tol, Johan 3 MacMillan, Fraser 4 Yajing Li 1 Brunel, Louis-Claude 3 Redding, Kevin 1; Email Address: Kevin.Redding@ua.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336  2: Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Padova, via Loredan, 2, Padova 35131, Italy  3: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310  4: Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, J. W. Goethe University, Marie Curie Strasse 11, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Source Info: 2/24/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 7, p1781; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii; Subject Term: GREEN algae; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: ALANINE; Subject Term: GLUTAMINE; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bingert, J.F.
AU  - Hanrahan Jr., R.J.
AU  - Field, R.D.
AU  - Dickerson, P.O.
T1  - Microtextural investigation of hydrided α-uranium
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/02/25/
VL  - 365
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 138
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The local orientation features in as-cast α-uranium were investigated in order to ascertain the influence of texture and heterogeneity in the microstructure on hydride initiation and growth. Several samples were interrogated via automated electron back-scattered diffraction measurements in the post-hydride state. Characterization included orientation mapping, deformation twin identification, and grain boundary analysis. It was found that preferential hydride initiation sites were associated with general high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle boundaries, and twin boundaries of two systems. Linear segregation or precipitation features suggest the existence of unresolved twins that could be correlated with many of the remaining hydrides. The tendency of certain orientations to exhibit differing hydride potentials based on atomic density in the habit plane was also considered. The results suggest the dominant role of enhanced sub-surface hydrogen diffusion at misoriented regions in controlling hydride nucleation and growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - Actinide alloys
KW  - Gas–solid reactions
KW  - Metal hydrides
KW  - Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 11885171; Bingert, J.F.; Email Address: bingert@lanl.gov Hanrahan Jr., R.J. Field, R.D. 1 Dickerson, P.O. 1; Affiliation:  1: MST-6, Metallurgy Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 365 Issue 1/2, p138; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinide alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas–solid reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal hydrides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00647-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banerjeet, Sarbajit
AU  - Wong, Stanislaus S.
T1  - Selective Metallic Tube Reactivity in the Solution-Phase Osmylation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/02/25/
VL  - 126
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2073
EP  - 2081
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Single-walled carbon nanotubes have been reacted with osmium tetroxide (OsO4) in solution in the presence of O2 and UV irradiation at 254 nm. We observe one main structural motif, namely thickly coated nanotube structures, densely covered with OsO2, consisting of multiple bundles of derivatized tubes. In a few instances, bridging uncoated tubes, connecting these thickly coated structures, incorporate a number of smaller nanotube bundles, projecting out from the larger functionalized aggregates of tubes, It is believed that OsO2 (a) initially forms on the nanotubes by the preferential covalent sidewall functionalization of metallic nanotubes and (b) subsequently self-aggregates. The formation of an intermediate charge-transfer complex is likely the basis for the observed selectivity and reactivity of metallic tubes. Extensive characterization of these osmylated adducts has been performed using a variety of electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - OSMIUM compounds
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 12464360; Banerjeet, Sarbajit 1 Wong, Stanislaus S. 1,2; Email Address: sswong@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry; State University of New York, Stony Brook; Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400.  2: Materials, Chemical Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Building 480; Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 2/25/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 7, p2073; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: OSMIUM compounds; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krzystek, J.
AU  - Zvyagin, S. A.
AU  - Ozarowski, Andrew
AU  - Fiedler, Adam T.
AU  - Brunold, Thomas C.
AU  - Teiser, Joshua
T1  - Definitive Spectroscopic Determination of Zero-Field Splitting in High-Spin Cobalt(II).
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/02/25/
VL  - 126
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2148
EP  - 2155
SN  - 00027863
AB  - A high-spin Co(ll) complex (3d7, S = 3/2), Co(PPh3)2Cl2 (Ph = phenyl), has been investigated in the solid state by both high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) and by variable-temperature, variable-field magnetic circular dichroism (VTVH-MCD). In HFEPR spectroscopy, the combination of variable sub-THz frequencies generated by backward wave oscillators (150-700 GHz, corresponding to energy 5-23 cm-1) and high magnetic fields (0-25 T) constitutes a novel experimental technique allowing accurate determination of a complete set of spin Hamiltonian parameters for this complex: 0 = -14.76(2) cm-1, E = 1.141(8) cm-1, gx = 2.166(4), gy = 2.170(4), gz = 2.240(5). Independent VTVH-MCD studies on multiple absorption bands of the complex yield D = -14(3) cm-1, E = 0.96(20) cm-1 (&verbar;E/D&verbar; = 0.08(2)), gx = 2.15(5), gy = 2.16(4), and gz = 2.17(3). This very good agreement between HFEPR and MCD indicates that there is no inherent discrepancy between these two quite different experimental techniques. Thus, depending on the nature of the sample, either can be reliably used to determine zero-field splitting parameters in high-spin Co(ll), with the HFEPR being more accurate but VTVH-MCD being more sensitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - OSCILLATING chemical reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 12464368; Krzystek, J. 1; Email Address: krzystek@magnet.fsu.edu Zvyagin, S. A. 1 Ozarowski, Andrew 1 Fiedler, Adam T. 2 Brunold, Thomas C. 2 Teiser, Joshua 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706.  3: Chemistry Program, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605.; Source Info: 2/25/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 7, p2148; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: OSCILLATING chemical reactions; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quarry, M. J.
T1  - Guided Wave Inspection of Multi-Layered Structures.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 700
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
EP  - 253
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This study investigates the utilization of guided waves for inspecting structures that consist of multiple layers. Advances have been made in recent years using guided waves to inspect single layer structures, such as pipes, tubes, and aircraft structures. Multi-layered structures present many new aspects to guided wave propagation. A theoretical understanding of what modes exist, how do the modes behave, and what factors influence them needs to be acquired for many applications. Experiments must be carried out to evaluate potential for practical applications. Examples of practical applications include coated pipes, composites, diffusion bonded aircraft structures, and microelectronic structures. This work is a fundamental study of ultrasonic guided waves in multi-layered plates. Experiments were conducted on multi-layered plates to demonstrate defect detection in layer of interest of a multi-layered structure by preferentially exciting modes with sufficient energy in that layer. Analysis of the dispersion curves show that some modes are more attractive candidates than others based on their displacements and energy distribution across the structure. Experimental results show that sweeping frequency and phase velocity can be performed to find suitable modes for inspecting a layer of interest for a given multi-layered structure. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASONIC waves
KW  - TESTING
KW  - PIPE
KW  - TUBES
KW  - AIRFRAMES
KW  - DISPERSION
N1  - Accession Number: 12817355; Quarry, M. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 700 Issue 1, p246; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC waves; Subject Term: TESTING; Subject Term: PIPE; Subject Term: TUBES; Subject Term: AIRFRAMES; Subject Term: DISPERSION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326122 Plastics Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711631
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, J. G.
AU  - Erdman, S.
T1  - Effect of Finite Flash Duration on Thermal Diffusivity Imaging of High-Diffusivity or Thin Materials.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 700
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 482
EP  - 487
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Thermal diffusivity imaging has been widely used as a nondestructive evaluation technique for characterizing structural components and detecting defects. The accuracy of the diffusivity calculations depends on several experimental parameters. While most of the parameters can be controlled to within acceptable range, finite flash duration is the dominant parameter affecting the accuracy for high-diffusivity or thin materials. In this study, a new theoretical formulation is developed to correct the finite flash duration of typical photographic flash lamps. Experimental results showed that the formulation determines the correct diffusivity of a thin graphite and a high-diffusivity ScD composite sample. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - NONDESTRUCTIVE testing
N1  - Accession Number: 12817326; Sun, J. G. 1 Erdman, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 700 Issue 1, p482; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: NONDESTRUCTIVE testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711661
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doering, E. R.
AU  - Havrilla, G. J.
AU  - Miller, T. C.
T1  - Micro X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging for Silicide Diffusion Coating Inspection.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 700
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 538
EP  - 545
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Micro Xray fluorescence (MXRF) imaging is a relatively new method to map the constituent elements of a surface to a depth of tens to hundreds of microns, and at high spatial resolution, i.e., 40 to 50 microns. The feasibility of MXRF imaging is investigated as a potential NDE method to detect and characterize spalling failure of chromium disilicide diffusion coatings on Space Shuttle Reaction Control System (RCS) thruster chambers. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - DIFFUSION coatings
KW  - NONDESTRUCTIVE testing
KW  - SPACE shuttles
N1  - Accession Number: 12817318; Doering, E. R. 1 Havrilla, G. J. 2 Miller, T. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: ECE Department, RoseHulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN 47803  2: Analytical Chemistry Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 700 Issue 1, p538; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Subject Term: DIFFUSION coatings; Subject Term: NONDESTRUCTIVE testing; Subject Term: SPACE shuttles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711669
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12817318&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reverdy, F.
AU  - Hopkins, D.
T1  - Inspection of Spot Welds Using an Ultrasonic Phased Array.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 700
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 801
EP  - 808
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Results are summarized for a series of experiments in which several hundred spot welds were inspected using high-frequency phased-array ultrasonic probes. Analysis of the signals in the Fourier domain allows identification of satisfactory, undersized and defective welds. Work is underway to develop analysis techniques that will allow dimensional analysis of the welds. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC welding
KW  - PROBES (Electronic instruments)
KW  - ULTRASONICS
KW  - WELDED joints
KW  - NONDESTRUCTIVE testing
KW  - INDUSTRIES
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12817285; Reverdy, F. 1 Hopkins, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS: 46A-1123, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 700 Issue 1, p801; Subject Term: ELECTRIC welding; Subject Term: PROBES (Electronic instruments); Subject Term: ULTRASONICS; Subject Term: WELDED joints; Subject Term: NONDESTRUCTIVE testing; Subject Term: INDUSTRIES; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711702
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahmed, S.
AU  - Panetta, P. D.
AU  - Hockey, R. L.
T1  - Effects of Layer Properties on the Ultrasonic Resonance of Composite Spheres.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 700
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 930
EP  - 936
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The efficient calculation of the resonance frequencies is required for the effective application of resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) to determine the relevant properties of an elastic object. If a suitable number of the resonance frequencies of an elastic object are known, in principle, one can deduce a number of its physical properties like elastic constants, density, dimensions, shape, etc. However, general analytic expressions are not available for the normal mode free vibrations of a body with arbitrary shape and elastic properties. It was noticed by Holland and Demarest (1971) that a simple variational principle can be applied to compute the normal mode frequencies of an elastic body with free boundaries. Based on this variational method, Visscher et al. (1991) developed the XYZ algorithm which can be applied to compute the resonance frequencies of a body with arbitrary shape and elastic properties. Since layered systems are finding increasing use in engineering applications, computational studies are being carried out to investigate the suitability of RUS as an NDE technique to determine imperfections in a layered system. Specifically, the normal mode frequencies of a four-layered sphere are computed by the XYZ algorithm. It will be shown that the deviations from specified layer properties cause noticeable shifts on the resonant frequencies. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - NONDESTRUCTIVE testing
KW  - LAYER structure (Solids)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 12817269; Ahmed, S. 1 Panetta, P. D. 1 Hockey, R. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Boulevard, P. O. Box 999, MSIN K5-26, Richland, WA 99352; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 700 Issue 1, p930; Subject Term: RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: NONDESTRUCTIVE testing; Subject Term: LAYER structure (Solids); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711718
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hopkins, Deborah
AU  - Reverdy, Frédéric
T1  - Model for Deformation, Stress and Contact at Interfaces — Implications for Ultrasonic Measurements.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 700
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 952
EP  - 959
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An analytical model is presented for calculating deformation, contact area, stiffness, and the distribution of stress across joints and interfaces that can be described as two rough surfaces in partial contact. Analytical, modeling, and experimental results are presented that demonstrate the role that deformation of the bulk material surrounding the joint and mechanical interaction between contact points play in joint properties and the propagation of acoustic waves across the interface. Results are applied to help interpret C-scans of spot-welded joints. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - ULTRASONIC waves
KW  - ELECTRIC welding
KW  - WELDED joints
KW  - ULTRASONIC testing
N1  - Accession Number: 12817266; Hopkins, Deborah 1 Reverdy, Frédéric 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road, MS: 46A-1123, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 700 Issue 1, p952; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: ULTRASONIC waves; Subject Term: ELECTRIC welding; Subject Term: WELDED joints; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC testing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711721
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12817266&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wassom, John S.
AU  - Sankaranarayanan, K.
T1  - The life and scientific legacy of William L. Russell (1910–2003)
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 546
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00275107
N1  - Accession Number: 12043726; Wassom, John S. 1; Email Address: wassomjs@ornl.gov Sankaranarayanan, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: Sylvius Laboratories, Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 546 Issue 1/2, p1; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.11.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12043726&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hang, Bo
AU  - Chenna, Ahmed
AU  - Guliaev, Anton B.
AU  - Singer, B.
T1  - Erratum to “Miscoding properties of 1,N6-ethanoadenine, a DNA adduct derived from reaction with the antitumor agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea”: [Mut. Res. 531 (2003) 191–203]
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 546
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 105
SN  - 00275107
N1  - Accession Number: 12043740; Hang, Bo 1 Chenna, Ahmed Guliaev, Anton B. 1 Singer, B.; Email Address: Bo_Hang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 546 Issue 1/2, p105; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.12.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12043740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Movshovich, Roman
AU  - Bianchi, Andrea
AU  - Capan, Cigdem
AU  - Jaime, Marcelo
AU  - Goodrich, R.G.
T1  - Electron-spin domains (communication arising): Magnetic enhancement of superconductivity.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/02/26/
VL  - 427
IS  - 6977
M3  - Article
SP  - 802
EP  - 802
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Movshovich et al. suggest that our calorimetric observation of the FFLO superconducting phase boundary and its angular dependence are inconsistent with their own data reporting the possible presence of an FFLO phase, and that we have incorrectly used magnetothermal measurements to identify the order of the FFLO transition. They also contest that the correlation of the magnetization steps with the calorimetrically identified FFLO superconducting phase of CeCoIn5 is coincidental. We consider each of these points in turn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - LANDAU levels
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12345327; Movshovich, Roman 1; Email Address: roman@lanl.gov Bianchi, Andrea 2 Capan, Cigdem 1 Jaime, Marcelo 1 Goodrich, R.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Hochfeld Labor Dresden, Forschungszentrum Rossendorf  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University; Source Info: 2/26/2004, Vol. 427 Issue 6977, p802; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: LANDAU levels; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/427802b
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12345327&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Galindo-Uribarri, A.
T1  - Nuclear Spectroscopy Using Radioactive Ion Beams from the HRIBF.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 18
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Exciting opportunities in the study of nuclei far from stability in both the neutron and proton rich side are opening with the recent availability of radioactive ion beams (RIBs) at energies above the Coulomb barrier at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF). These RIBs provide a unique opportunity for a whole class of measurements that could never before be realized. A recent highlight has been the acceleration of “pure” beams of fission fragments such as 82Ge (T1/2=4.6s) and 132Sn (T1/2=40s). These semi-magic and doubly-magic nuclei are important benchmarks within the chart of nuclides, because they are constraints for the shell-model parameter sets. We are currently developing the required experimental tools and specialized techniques for studies in nuclear astrophysics, reaction spectroscopy, and nuclear structure research with RIBs. I will discuss some of the challenges encountered with examples from selected topical areas with which I have been involved. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR spectroscopy
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - NEUTRON beams
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - CELL nuclei
N1  - Accession Number: 13154843; Galindo-Uribarri, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p10; Subject Term: NUCLEAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: NEUTRON beams; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691679
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154843&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fotiades, N.
AU  - Garrett, P. E.
AU  - Tavukcu, E.
AU  - Devlin, M.
AU  - Nelson, R. O.
AU  - Becker, J. A.
AU  - Younes, W.
AU  - Bernstein, L. A.
T1  - Nuclear structure studies with GEANIE at the LANSCE/WNR facility.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 67
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent results pertaining to nuclear structure from neutron-induced reactions on 90Zr, 193Ir, 196Pt and 238U are presented. The data were taken using the GEANIE spectrometer comprised of 26 high-purity Ge detectors with 20 BGO escape-suppression shields. The broad-spectrum pulsed neutron source of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center’s WNR facility provided neutrons in the energy range from 0.6 to 200 MeV. The time-of-flight technique was used to determine the incident neutron energies. Results from shell model calculations for 90Zr and from IBM-2 calculations for 196Pt are generally in good agreement with the observed spectrum of excited states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154835; Fotiades, N. 1 Garrett, P. E. 2 Tavukcu, E. 3 Devlin, M. 1 Nelson, R. O. 1 Becker, J. A. 2 Younes, W. 2 Bernstein, L. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA  3: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p60; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691687
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154835&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cizewski, J. A.
AU  - Thomas, K. L.Jones J.S.
AU  - Bardayan, D. W.
AU  - Blackmon, J. C.
AU  - Gross, C. J.
AU  - Liang, J. F.
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Smith, M. S.
AU  - Stracener, D. W.
AU  - Kozub, R. L.
AU  - Nesaraja, C. D.
AU  - Greife, U.
AU  - Livesay, R. J.
AU  - Ma, Z.
T1  - Single-Particle Structure of Neutron-Rich Nuclei.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 76
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The d(82Ge,p) reaction has been measured in inverse kinematics at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam facility, enabling a study of the evolution of single-particle structure above the N=50 shell gap for neutron-rich nuclei. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154833; Cizewski, J. A. Thomas, K. L.Jones J.S. 1 Bardayan, D. W. Blackmon, J. C. Gross, C. J. Liang, J. F. Shapira, D. Smith, M. S. Stracener, D. W. 2 Kozub, R. L. Nesaraja, C. D. 3 Greife, U. Livesay, R. J. 4 Ma, Z. 5; Affiliation:  1: Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA  3: Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA  4: Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA  5: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p73; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691689
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matsuo, M.
AU  - Vigezzi, E.
AU  - Leoni, S.
AU  - Bracco, A.
AU  - Benzoni, G.
AU  - Døssing, T.
AU  - Herskind, B.
AU  - Hagemann, G. B.
AU  - Lopez-martens, A.
AU  - Khoo, T. L.
T1  - Chaotic Dynamics in Warm Rotating Nuclei.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 163
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Properties of thermally excited rotating nuclei are discussed by means of the cranked shell model. Focus is put on the violation of the K-quantum number in the rare-earth deformed nucleus 163Er and on the peculiar features of rotational motion in superdeformed Hg nuclei, which appear to be precursory of ergodic rotational bands. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR shell theory
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - PHYSICS research
KW  - NUCLEAR models
N1  - Accession Number: 13154821; Matsuo, M. 1 Vigezzi, E. 2 Leoni, S. 2 Bracco, A. 2 Benzoni, G. 2 Døssing, T. 3 Herskind, B. 3 Hagemann, G. B. 3 Lopez-martens, A. 4 Khoo, T. L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan  2: INFN sez. Milano, and Department of Physics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy  3: Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark  4: CSNSM-IN2P3-CRNS, Orsay, France  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, U.S.A; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p157; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shell theory; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691701
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154821&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Døssing, T.
AU  - Lopez-Martens, A. P.
AU  - Khoo, T. L.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Åberg, S.
T1  - Order to Chaos Properties of the Decay-out Gamma Rays from Superdeformed Bands.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
EP  - 168
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Based on GOE sparse matrices, a model for decay-out of superdeformed bands is formulated, with focus on the degree of chaoticity of the spectrum of normally deformed states, to which the superdeformed band couples at decay-out. By means of the effective dimensionality parameter, the spectrum may be varied between the two limiting situations of complete order and complete chaos. The model is applied to the measured distribution of transition strength of decay-out γ-ray lines in 194Hg, and it is found that the normally deformed states should be closer to the chaotic than the ordered situation, with GOE-type spectral correlations extending over at least 10 levels. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - PROJECTILES
KW  - NUCLEAR fragmentation
N1  - Accession Number: 13154820; Døssing, T. 1 Lopez-Martens, A. P. 2 Khoo, T. L. 3 Lauritsen, T. 3 Åberg, S. 4; Affiliation:  1: The Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, DK2100 Copenhagen Ø  2: CSNSM-IN2P3-CRNS, Orsay  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Physics Division  4: Mathematical Physics, Lund Institute of Technology; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p164; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: PROJECTILES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fragmentation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691702
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Carpenter, M. P.
AU  - Janssens, R. V. F.
AU  - Khoo, T. L.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Herskind, B.
AU  - Jenkins, D. G.
AU  - Kondev, F. G.
AU  - Lopez-Martens, A.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A. O.
AU  - Ward, D.
AU  - Abu Saleem, K. S.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Clark, R.
AU  - Cromaz, M.
AU  - Døssing, T.
AU  - Greene, J. P.
AU  - Hannachi, F.
AU  - Heinz, A. M.
AU  - Korichi, A.
T1  - Determining the Excitation Energy, Spin, and Parity of Levels in the Superdeformed Bands of 152Dy.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 230
EP  - 237
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The excitation energy, spin and parity of the yrast superdeformed (SD) band in 152Dy have been established. The excitation energy of the lowest observed level in this band is found to be 10,644 keV with an assigned spin and parity of 24+. In addition, nine transitions of dipole character have been identified, which connect the excited superdeformed band 6 in 152Dy to the yrast SD band. The excitation energy of the lowest level in the excited SD band 6 is 14,239 keV. The spin and parity of this state has been determined to be either 29- or 31-. The measured properties of SD band 6 are consistent with an interpretation in terms of a rotational band built on an octupole vibration. A comparison with an RPA calculation by Nakatsukasa et al. suggests that the spin of the lowest SD band 6 level is 31-. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 13154811; Lauritsen, T. 1 Carpenter, M. P. 1 Janssens, R. V. F. 1 Khoo, T. L. 1 Fallon, P. 2 Herskind, B. 3 Jenkins, D. G. 1 Kondev, F. G. 1 Lopez-Martens, A. 4 Macchiavelli, A. O. 2 Ward, D. 2 Abu Saleem, K. S. 1 Ahmad, I. 1 Clark, R. 2 Cromaz, M. 2 Døssing, T. 3 Greene, J. P. 1 Hannachi, F. 4 Heinz, A. M. 1 Korichi, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  3: Niels Bohr Institute, DK­2100, Copenhagen, Denmark  4: C.S.N.S.M, IN2P3-CNRS, bat 104-108, F-91405 Orsay Campus, France; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p230; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691712
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fallon, P.
T1  - Nuclei At Extreme Deformations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
EP  - 302
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Nuclei with very large deformations provide an opportunity to study many aspects of nuclear structure: shell structure; exotic states; extreme single-particle motion (shell model); collective modes; pairing. In this talk I will discuss a few selected examples illustrating some recent developments in this area of study. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ISOMERISM
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154801; Fallon, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p295; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ISOMERISM; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691722
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regan, P. H.
AU  - Yamamoto, A. D.
AU  - Wu, C. Y.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A. O.
AU  - Cline, D.
AU  - Smith, J. F.
AU  - Freeman, S. J.
AU  - Valiente-Dobón, J. J.
AU  - Chakrawarthy, R. S.
AU  - Cromaz, M.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Hayes, A.
AU  - Hua, H.
AU  - Langdown, S. D.
AU  - Lee, I-Y.
AU  - Pearson, C. J.
AU  - Podolyák, Zs.
AU  - Teng, R.
AU  - Wheldon, C.
T1  - Studies Around A∼100 Using Binary Reactions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
EP  - 333
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The structure of stable and neutron-rich nuclei with Z∼42 and N∼58 have been studied following binary heavy-ion reactions between a 136Xe beam and a thin, self-supporting 100Mo target. Discrete states at spins of 20h and above have been identified and these data allow both gamma-ray fold and binary-fragment particle angular distribiution analyses to be made. On the basis of these results, suggestions are made for future directions of this research extending to higher spin states in this region where more exotic nuclear shapes are predicted. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13154797; Regan, P. H. 1 Yamamoto, A. D. 1 Wu, C. Y. 2 Macchiavelli, A. O. 3 Cline, D. 2 Smith, J. F. 4 Freeman, S. J. 4 Valiente-Dobón, J. J. 5 Chakrawarthy, R. S. 4 Cromaz, M. 3 Fallon, P. 3 Hayes, A. 2 Hua, H. 2 Langdown, S. D. 1 Lee, I-Y. 3 Pearson, C. J. 5 Podolyák, Zs. 5 Teng, R. 2 Wheldon, C. 6; Affiliation:  1: WNSL, Yale University, P.O. Box 208124, 272 Whitney Avenue, New Haven CT 06520-8124, USA and Dept. of Physics, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK  2: Nuclear Structure Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  3: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK  5: Dept. of Physics, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK  6: Kernphysik II, GSI, Max-Planck-Stra&szleg;e 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p329; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691726
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jenkins, D. G.
AU  - Fulton, B. R.
AU  - Pearson, J.
AU  - Lister, C. J.
AU  - Carpenter, M. P.
AU  - Freeman, S.
AU  - Hammond, N.
AU  - Janssens, R. V. F.
AU  - Khoo, T. L.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Moore, E. F.
AU  - Wuosmaa, A. H.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Görgen, A.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A. O.
AU  - McMahan, M.
AU  - Freer, M.
AU  - Haas, F.
T1  - Heavy ion radiative capture: 12C(12C,γ).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 701
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 365
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The heavy ion radiative capture reaction 12C(12C,γ) has been investigated around a beam energy of 16 MeV. The total cross-section has been measured with the Fragment Mass Analyser at Argonne National Laboratory and found to be somewhat larger than has previously been measured. A subsequent measurement with the Gammasphere array has shown that a considerable proportion of this extra cross-section relates to a highly non-statistical decay through high-lying states in 24Mg. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - RADIATIVE capture
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154793; Jenkins, D. G. 1 Fulton, B. R. 1 Pearson, J. 1 Lister, C. J. 2 Carpenter, M. P. 2 Freeman, S. 2 Hammond, N. 2 Janssens, R. V. F. 2 Khoo, T. L. 2 Lauritsen, T. 2 Moore, E. F. 2 Wuosmaa, A. H. 2 Fallon, P. 3 Görgen, A. 3 Macchiavelli, A. O. 3 McMahan, M. 3 Freer, M. 4 Haas, F. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  3: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720  4: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham B15 2TT, UK  5: IReS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-67037 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 701 Issue 1, p361; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: RADIATIVE capture; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691730
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Physical origin of peak tailing on C<F>18</F>-bonded silica in reversed-phase liquid chromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 1028
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Single component isotherm data of caffeine and phenol were acquired on two different stationary phases for RPLC, using a methanol/water solution (25%, v/v, methanol) as the mobile phase. The columns were the non-endcapped Waters Resolve-C<F>18</F>, and the Waters XTerra MS C<F>18</F>. Both columns exhibit similar C<F>18</F>-chain densities (2.45 and 2.50 <F>μ</F>mol/m<F>2</F>) and differ essentially by the nature of the underivatized solid support (a conventional, highly polar silica made from water glass, hence containing metal impurities, versus a silica–methylsilane hybrid surface with a lower density of less acidic free silanols). Thirty-two adsorption data points were acquired by FA, for caffeine, between 10<F>−3</F> and 24 g/l, a dynamic range of 24,000. Twenty-eigth adsorption data points were acquired for phenol, from 0.025 to 75 g/l, a dynamic range of 3000. The expectation-maximization procedure was used to derive the affinity energy distribution (AED) from the raw FA data points, assuming a local Langmuir isotherm. For caffeine, the AEDs converge to a bimodal and a quadrimodal distribution on XTerra MS-C<F>18</F> and Resolve-C<F>18</F>, respectively. The values of the saturation capacity (<F>qs,1≃0.80</F> mol/l and <F>qs,2≃0.10</F> mol/l) and the adsorption constant (<F>b1≃3.1</F> l/mol and <F>b2≃29.1</F> l/mol) measured on the two columns for the lowest two energy modes 1 and 2, are comparable. These data are consistent with those previously measured on an endcapped Kromasil-C<F>18</F> in a 30/70 (v/v), methanol/water solution (<F>qs,1=0.9</F> mol/l and <F>qs,2=0.10</F> mol/l, <F>b1=2.4</F> l/mol and <F>b2=16.1</F> l/mol). The presence of two higher energy modes on the Waters Resolve-C<F>18</F> column (<F>qs,3≃0.013</F> mol/l and <F>qs,4≃</F>2.6 10<F>−4</F> mol/l, <F>b3≃252</F> l/mol and <F>b4=13</F>,200 l/mol) and the strong peak tailing of caffeine are explained by the existence of adsorption sites buried inside the C<F>18</F>-bonded layer. It is demonstrated that strong interactions between caffeine and the water protected bare silica surface cannot explain these high-energy sites because the retention of caffeine on an underivatized Resolve silica column is almost zero. Possible hydrogen-bond interactions between caffeine and the non-protected isolated silanol groups remaining after synthesis amidst the C<F>18</F>-chain network cannot explain these high energy interactions because, then, the smaller phenol molecule should exhibit similarly strong interactions with these isolated silanols on the same Resolve-C<F>18</F> column and, yet, the consequences of such interactions are not observed. These sites are more consistent with the heterogeneity of the local structure of the C<F>18</F>-bonded layer. Regarding the adsorption of phenol, no matter whether the column is endcapped or not, its molecular interactions with the bare silica were negligible. For both columns, the best adsorption isotherm was the Bilangmuir model (with q<F>s,1≃</F>2 and q<F>s,2≃0.67</F> mol/l, <F>b1≃0.61</F> and <F>b2≃10.3</F> l/mol). These parameters are consistent with those measured previously on an endcapped Kromasil-C<F>18</F> column under the same conditions (q<F>s,1=</F>1.5 and q<F>s,2=</F>0.71 mol/l, <F>b1=1.4</F> l/mol and <F>b2=11.3</F> l/mol). As for caffeine, the high-energy sites are definitely located within the C<F>18</F>-bonded layer, not on the bare surface of the adsorbent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Silica
KW  - Metals -- Inclusions
KW  - Caffeine
KW  - Adsorption equilibrium
KW  - Affinity energy distribution
KW  - Column heterogeneity
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Overloaded band profiles
KW  - Peak tailing
KW  - Phenol
KW  - Silanol activity
N1  - Accession Number: 11958307; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 1028 Issue 1, p75; Thesaurus Term: Methanol; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Subject Term: Silica; Subject Term: Metals -- Inclusions; Subject Term: Caffeine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affinity energy distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Column heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overloaded band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak tailing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silanol activity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.090
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Heterogeneity of the surface energy on unused C<F>18</F>-Chromolith adsorbents in reversed-phase liquid chromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 1028
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Single-component adsorption isotherm data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) for phenol and caffeine on a new C<F>18</F>-Chromolith column (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), using a water-rich mobile phase (methanol/water, 15/85, v/v). These data were modeled for best agreement between the experimental data points and the adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption-energy distributions, based on the expectation–maximization (EM) procedure, were also derived and used for the selection of the best isotherm model. The adsorption energy distributions (AEDs) for phenol and caffeine converged toward a trimodal and a quadrimodal distribution, respectively. Energy distributions with more than two modes had not been reported before for the adsorption of these compounds on packed columns. The third high energy mode observed for both phenol and caffeine seems to be specific of the surface of the monolithic column while the first and second low energy modes have the same physical origin as the two modes detected on packed columns. These results suggest significant differences between the structures of the porous silica in these different materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Phenol
KW  - Surface energy
KW  - Chromolithography
KW  - Caffeine
KW  - Silica
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Affinity energy distribution
KW  - Band profiles
KW  - Column reproducibility
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Isotherm modeling
KW  - Monolithic columns
KW  - Multi-Langmuir isotherm
N1  - Accession Number: 11958309; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 1028 Issue 1, p105; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Phenol; Subject Term: Surface energy; Subject Term: Chromolithography; Subject Term: Caffeine; Subject Term: Silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affinity energy distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Column reproducibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotherm modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monolithic columns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-Langmuir isotherm; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Band splitting in overloaded isocratic elution chromatography: III. Modeling of adsorbate–adsorbate interactions by a two-component extension of a BET kinetic isotherm model
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 1028
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 00219673
AB  - A new two-component competitive adsorption model was derived to account for the competitive adsorption data of mixtures of ethylbenzoate and 4-tert-butylphenol, on a C<F>18</F>-Kromasil column under RPLC conditions (mobile phase, methanol/water, 62/38, v/v). The derivation is based on kinetic arguments and is an extension to multicomponent systems of the single-component BET isotherm. The model assumes that the molecules of the first compound (A) can adsorb on layers made of molecules of either A or B, while molecules of B can only adsorb on layers made of molecules of A. This makes the competitive isotherm consistent with the single-component isotherms of ethylbenzoate and 4-tert-butylphenol, the multilayer BET and the monolayer Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. The competitive adsorption data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) with equimolar mixtures of eight different concentrations. For the seven lowest concentrations, these data were derived from the retention times of the shocks of the two compounds and the concentration of the intermediate plateau of the less retained compound. At the highest concentration (25 g/l), the individual band profiles were measured by collecting and analyzing twenty fractions. The low concentration data (<F>C≤10</F> g/l) are well accounted for by the two competitive isotherm models derived previously but these models fail to describe the experimental data of 4-tert-butylphenol at high concentrations. By contrast, the new model predicts very well the experimental adsorption data for mixtures of ethylbenzoate and 4-tert-butylphenol in the whole range of concentration studied. Our results suggest that the adsorption constant of 4-tert-butylphenol onto layers made of ethylbenzoate (<F>bB,A=0.0120</F> l/g) is intermediate between those of ethylbenzoate on layers made of 4-tert-butylphenol (<F>bA,B=0.0105</F> l/g) and of ethylbenzoate on itself (<F>bA,A=0.0145</F> l/g). This new model should give an improved description of the band splitting observed for 4-tert-butylphenol in the presence of ethylbenzoate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Ethylbenzene
KW  - Surface chemistry
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Plasma frequencies
KW  - Chemical bonds
KW  - 4-tert-Butylphenol
KW  - Adsorption equilibrium
KW  - Band splitting
KW  - Competitive isotherm
KW  - Ethylbenzoate
KW  - Extended BET isotherm
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Isotherm modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 11958310; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Feb2004, Vol. 1028 Issue 1, p121; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Ethylbenzene; Thesaurus Term: Surface chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Subject Term: Plasma frequencies; Subject Term: Chemical bonds; Author-Supplied Keyword: 4-tert-Butylphenol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band splitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Competitive isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylbenzoate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extended BET isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotherm modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.088
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perrin, Marshall D.
AU  - Graham, James R.
AU  - Kalas, Paul
AU  - Lloyd, James P.
AU  - Max, Ciaire E.
AU  - Gavel, Donald T.
AU  - Pennington, Deanna M.
AU  - Gates, Elinor L.
T1  - Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics Imaging Polarimetry ofHerbig Ae/Be Stars.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5662
M3  - Article
SP  - 1345
EP  - 1348
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We have used laser guide star adaptive optics and a near-infrared dual-channel imaging polarimeter to observe light scattered in the circumstellar environment of Herbig Ae/Be stars on scales of 100 to 300 astronomical units. We revealed a strongly polarized, biconical nebula 10 are seconds (6000 astronomical units) in diameter around the star LkHα 198 and also observed a polarized jet-like feature associated with the deeply embedded source LkHα 198-IR. The star LkHα 233 presents a narrow, unpolarized dark lane consistent with an optically thick circumstellar disk blocking our direct view of the star. These data show that the lower-mass T Tauri and intermediate mass Herbig Ae/Be stars share a common evolutionary sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - POLARIMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - ATMOSPHERE -- Laser observations
KW  - POLARISCOPE
N1  - Accession Number: 12481862; Perrin, Marshall D. 1,2; Email Address: mperrin@astro.berkeley.edu Graham, James R. 1,2 Kalas, Paul 1,2 Lloyd, James P. 2,3 Max, Ciaire E. 2,4 Gavel, Donald T. 2,5 Pennington, Deanna M. 2,4 Gates, Elinor L. 2,6; Affiliation:  1: Astronomy Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: National Science Foundation Center for Adaptive Optics, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.  3: Astronomy Department, California Institute of Technology, 1201 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  5: Laboratory for Adaptive Optics, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.  6: University of California Observatories/Lick Observatory, Post Office Box 85, Mount Hamilton, CA 95140, USA.; Source Info: 2/27/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5662, p1345; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: POLARIMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE -- Laser observations; Subject Term: POLARISCOPE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2944
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Floss, Christine
AU  - Stadermann, Frank J.
AU  - Bradley, John
AU  - Dai, Zu Rong
AU  - Bajt, Saša
AU  - Graham, Giles
T1  - Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Anomalies in an AnhydrousInterplanetary Dust Particle.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5662
M3  - Article
SP  - 1355
EP  - 1358
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Because hydrogen and nitrogen isotopic anomalies in interplanetary dust particles have been associated with carbonaceous material, the lack of similar anomalies in carbon has been a major conundrum. We report here the presence of a [sup13]C depletion associated with a [sup15]N enrichment in an anhydrous interplanetary dust particle. Our observations suggest that the anomalies are carried by heteroatomic organic compounds. Theoretical models indicate that lowtemperature formation of organic compounds in cold interstellar molecular clouds can produce carbon and nitrogen fractionations, but it remains to be seen whether the specific effects observed here can be reproduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ANTIMONY isotopes
KW  - DUST
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR clouds
KW  - INTERSTELLAR molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 12481865; Floss, Christine 1; Email Address: floss@wustl.edu Stadermann, Frank J. 1 Bradley, John 2 Dai, Zu Rong 2 Bajt, Saša 2 Graham, Giles 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.  2: Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 2/27/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5662, p1355; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: ANTIMONY isotopes; Subject Term: DUST; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR clouds; Subject Term: INTERSTELLAR molecules; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2705
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, C.H.
AU  - Xie, S.
AU  - Sperling, E.
AU  - Yang, A.S.
AU  - Henriksen, G.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Stable lithium-ion conducting perovskite lithium–strontium–tantalum–zirconium–oxide system
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 167
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 01672738
AB  - High lithium-ion conductivity, especially at room temperature, and chemical stability against reducing lithiated negative electrodes are two main requirements for a solid electrolyte in an all solid-state lithium battery. Perovskite-type materials ABO3 in which A=La, Li and B=Ti exhibit high lithium ion conductivities, with a bulk conductivity of 1.2 mS/cm at 30 °C and an apparent grain-boundary conductivity of 0.03 mS/cm; this solid electrolyte is only stable above 1.6 V (vs. Li°) because Ti(IV) can be reduced to Ti(III) below this voltage. In this study, we investigated a highly conducting perovskite-type Li–Sr–Ta–Zr–O structure, in which the A and B cations of SrZrO3 are partially substituted by Li and Ta, respectively. Four compositions were selected and synthesized to find an optimal composition. Sintering temperatures between 1200 and 1400 °C were used to determine the optimum synthesis conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the crystalline phases within the sintered products. The lithium-ion conductivity of these materials was measured by AC impedance spectroscopy. The sample with optimized composition, Li3/8Sr7/16Ta3/4Zr1/4O3, exhibited a bulk lithium-ion conductivity of 0.2 mS/cm at 30 °C and an apparent grain-boundary conductivity of 0.13 mS/cm. This solid electrolyte was found to be stable above 1.0 V against metallic lithium. Below 1.0 V, about 0.08 mol lithium can be inserted irreversibly per mol of Li3/8Sr7/16Ta3/4Zr1/4O3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - Electrochemical stability
KW  - Lithium-ion conductor
KW  - Perovskite
KW  - Rechargeable batteries
KW  - Solid electrolyte
N1  - Accession Number: 12838384; Chen, C.H. 1,2; Email Address: cchchen@ustc.edu.cn Xie, S. 2 Sperling, E. 1 Yang, A.S. 1 Henriksen, G. 1 Amine, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering of China, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Hefei 230026, PR China; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 167 Issue 3/4, p263; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rechargeable batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid electrolyte; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.01.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lambregts, Marsha J.
AU  - Frank, Steve
T1  - Application of Vegard’s law to mixed cation sodalites: a simple method for determining the stoichiometry
JO  - Talanta
JF  - Talanta
Y1  - 2004/02/27/
VL  - 62
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 627
SN  - 00399140
AB  - Vegard’s law describes the empirical relationship between the crystal lattice parameter of a mixture and its components. This relationship holds for some sodalites, in particular those containing mixtures of Li, K and Na as the charge balancing cations. By utilizing previously published lattice parameters for Li/Na and K/Na mixed cation chloride sodalites, linear curves were drawn allowing the composition of the mixed cation sodalites to be determined from their lattice parameters. Further, by mathematical addition of the curves for Li/Na and K/Na mixed cation chloride sodalites, a linear curve was developed and tested for the mixed tri-cation Li/Na/K chloride sodalites. This provides a simple way to monitor the composition of mixed cation sodalites and has an application in monitoring the composition of multi-phase materials where the sodalite phase cannot be easily separated for elemental analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Talanta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - CONFRATERNITIES
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - Crystal lattice
KW  - Sodalites
KW  - Vegard’s law
N1  - Accession Number: 11885553; Lambregts, Marsha J.; Email Address: marsha.lambregts@anlw.anl.gov Frank, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory West, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, P.O. Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403-2528, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 62 Issue 3, p627; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: CONFRATERNITIES; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: CATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal lattice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodalites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vegard’s law; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.talanta.2003.09.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ananthanarayan, B.
AU  - Pandita, P. N.
T1  - SQUARK AND SLEPTON MASSES AS PROBES OF SUPERSYMMETRIC SO(10) UNIFICATION.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/02/28/
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 479
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - We carry out an analysis of the non-universal supersymmetry breaking scalar masses arising in SO(10) supersymmetric unification. By considering patterns of squark and slepton masses, we derive a set of sum rules for the sfermion masses which are independent of the manner in which SO(10) breaks to the Standard Model gauge group via its SU(5) subgroups. The phenomenology arising from such non-universality is unaffected by the symmetry breaking pattern, so long as the breaking occurs via any of the SU(5) subgroups of the SO(10) group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUM rules (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - RENORMALIZATION (Physics)
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - renormalization group analysis
KW  - sum rules
KW  - Supersymmetry
KW  - unification
N1  - Accession Number: 12430493; Ananthanarayan, B. 1,2; Email Address: anant@cts.iisc.ernet.in Pandita, P. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA.  2: Centre for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Scince, Bangalore, India.  3: Department of Physics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India.; Source Info: 2/28/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p467; Subject Term: SUM rules (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: RENORMALIZATION (Physics); Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Author-Supplied Keyword: renormalization group analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: sum rules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supersymmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: unification; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barlow, Stephan
AU  - Fisher, Galen
AU  - Hammer, Thomas
AU  - Hoard, John
AU  - Jang, Ben
AU  - Liu, Chang-jun
AU  - Orlando, Thomas
AU  - Peden, Charles
AU  - Tonkyn, Russell
T1  - Bernie Penetrante
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2004/02/29/
VL  - 89
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 09205861
N1  - Accession Number: 12177673; Barlow, Stephan 1 Fisher, Galen 2 Hammer, Thomas 3 Hoard, John 4 Jang, Ben 5 Liu, Chang-jun 6 Orlando, Thomas 7 Peden, Charles 1 Tonkyn, Russell 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA  2: Delphi, USA  3: Siemens AG, Germany  4: Ford Motor Company, USA  5: Texas A&M-Commerce, USA  6: Tianjin University, China  7: Georgia Tech University, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 89 Issue 1/2, p3; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwak, Ja Hun
AU  - Szanyi, János
AU  - Peden, Charles H.F.
T1  - Non-thermal plasma-assisted NOx reduction over alkali and alkaline earth ion exchanged Y, FAU zeolites
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2004/02/29/
VL  - 89
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
SN  - 09205861
AB  - The catalytic activities of a series of alkali and alkaline earth cation exchanged Y, FAU zeolites were investigated in the non-thermal plasma-assisted NOx reduction reaction using a simulated diesel engine exhaust gas mixture. The catalytic activity of the Y, FAU zeolite showed significant variations with both the nature of the charge compensating cation, and the method of catalyst preparation. Our results show that conventional multiple solution ion exchange is insufficient to prepare the most active catalyst for the given cationic form. The highest NOx conversion level was achieved over a Ba-Y, FAU which was prepared by a multiple ion exchange method, in which each solution ion exchange step was followed by a high temperature calcination. A systematic change in the catalytic activity was observed as a function of the charge density around the charge compensating cation. For both catalyst series (alkali and alkaline earth ion exchanged Y, FAU), the specific activity decreased with increasing electrostatic field around the charge compensating cation. The large difference in the NOx reduction activity at a given e/r ratio, however, may suggest different reaction mechanisms for the two sets of catalysts. Indeed, there is a noticeable difference in the product distribution (selectivity) for the alkali and alkaline earth series of catalysts. Our results also reveal that extreme care must be taken when catalytic activities are compared for seemingly similar materials. We found that two base zeolite materials with identical Si/Al ratios, obtained from the same manufacturer but from different synthesis batches show significantly different catalytic behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - Alkali and alkaline earth ion exchanged Y, FAU
KW  - Catalyst preparation
KW  - Plasma-assisted NOx reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 12177692; Kwak, Ja Hun 1 Szanyi, János 1 Peden, Charles H.F.; Email Address: chuck.peden@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical and Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 89 Issue 1/2, p135; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkali and alkaline earth ion exchanged Y, FAU; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalyst preparation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma-assisted NOx reduction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rappé, K.G.
AU  - Hoard, J.W.
AU  - Aardahl, C.L.
AU  - Park, P.W.
AU  - Peden, C.H.F.
AU  - Tran, D.N.
T1  - Combination of low and high temperature catalytic materials to obtain broad temperature coverage for plasma-facilitated NOx reduction
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2004/02/29/
VL  - 89
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Two catalysts, Ba/zeolite Y and Ag/γ-alumina, were combined to reduce NOx in simulated lean exhaust using plasma-facilitated catalysis. Steady-state experiments conducted at 473, 623, and 773 K show that ordering of the catalysts impacts NOx conversion, and maximum efficiency is obtained when the zeolite material precedes the alumina. Optimal ordering results in greater than 80% conversion at 473 K, and efficiencies greater than 95% were obtained at 623 and 773 K under steady operation when propene was added as a reductant at C1:<F>NOx=12</F>. Temperature cycling experiments covering the temperature range 373–773 K were used to determine a ‘transient’ cycle efficiency of 70% for the optimal catalyst configuration. Results of these experiments suggest that preferred ordering likely results in better management of stored NOx when transients to higher temperature occur. Studies also show that improved hydrocarbon utilization is evident in the optimal configuration due to the nature of the partially oxidized hydrocarbons that are formed at various stages of during the plasma-facilitated catalytic NOx reduction process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARIUM compounds
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - Barium-zeolite Y
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - NOx reduction
KW  - Non-thermal plasma
KW  - Silver-alumina
N1  - Accession Number: 12177693; Rappé, K.G. 1 Hoard, J.W. 2 Aardahl, C.L. 1 Park, P.W. 3 Peden, C.H.F. 1 Tran, D.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Box 999 MS K6-28, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Ford Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 2053, MD 3179 SRL, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA  3: Caterpillar Inc., Tech Center E/854, P.O. Box 1875, Peoria, IL 61656, USA; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 89 Issue 1/2, p143; Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Barium-zeolite Y; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-thermal plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver-alumina; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zea, Hugo
AU  - Chen, Chun-Ku
AU  - Lester, Kelvin
AU  - Phillips, Ariel
AU  - Datye, Abhaya
AU  - Fonseca, Isabel
AU  - Phillips, Jonathan
T1  - Plasma torch generation of carbon supported metal catalysts
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2004/02/29/
VL  - 89
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Novel plasma torch generated Pd/C, and PdAg/C catalysts were tested for reactivity for two hydrogenation reactions and characterized using a number of techniques. The general conclusion reached was that the metal catalysts created in this fashion were extremely highly dispersed (>50% in some cases) and had concomitantly high activity on a gram basis. The PdAg/C catalysts exceeded the selectivity of PdAg/Al2O3 catalysts for selective hydrogenation of acetylene. The selectivity of Pd/C catalysts for 1-butene isomerization was equal or better than that of catalysts prepared by conventional means, and the activity nearly as high. One surprise was the finding that plasma generated PdAg/C catalysts had no apparent activity for 1-butene isomerization. A second surprise was the finding that the plasma treatment did not increase the crystallinity of the carbon but did result in the loss up to 30% of the surface area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA jets
KW  - CARBON
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - METAL catalysts
KW  - Hydrogenation reaction
KW  - Metal catalysts
KW  - Plasma torch
N1  - Accession Number: 12177707; Zea, Hugo 1 Chen, Chun-Ku 2 Lester, Kelvin 1 Phillips, Ariel 1 Datye, Abhaya 1 Fonseca, Isabel 3 Phillips, Jonathan 1,2; Email Address: jphillips@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico, 209 Farris Engineering, Albuquerque, NM, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ESA-WMM, MS C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2825 Monte Capra, Portugal; Source Info: Feb2004, Vol. 89 Issue 1/2, p237; Subject Term: PLASMA jets; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: METAL catalysts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenation reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal catalysts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma torch; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cattod.2003.11.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bartlett, Roscoe A.
AU  - van Bloemen Waanders, Bart G.
AU  - Heroux, Michael A.
T1  - Vector Reduction/Transformation Operators.
JO  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
JF  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 85
SN  - 00983500
AB  - Development of flexible linear algebra interfaces is an increasingly critical issue. Efficient and expressive interfaces are well established for some linear algebra abstractions, but not for vectors. Vectors differ from other abstractions in the diversity of necessary operations, sometimes requiring dozens for a given algorithm (e.g. interior-point methods for optimization). We discuss a new approach based on operator objects that are transported to the underlying data by the linear algebra library implementation, allowing developers of abstract numerical algorithms to easily extend the functionality regardless of computer architecture, application or data locality/organization. Numerical experiments demonstrate efficient implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - VECTOR analysis
KW  - MAXIMA & minima
KW  - COMPUTER interfaces
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - interfaces
KW  - object-orientation
KW  - Optimization
KW  - vectors
N1  - Accession Number: 12876964; Bartlett, Roscoe A. 1; Email Address: rabart@sandia.gov van Bloemen Waanders, Bart G. 1; Email Address: bartv@sandia.gov Heroux, Michael A. 1; Email Address: mheroux@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p62; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: VECTOR analysis; Subject Term: MAXIMA & minima; Subject Term: COMPUTER interfaces; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: OPERATIONS research; Author-Supplied Keyword: interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: object-orientation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: vectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, Bernhard W.
T1  - Time-dependent Takagi-Taupin eikonal theory of X-ray diffraction in rapidly changing crystal structures.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 60
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
EP  - 133
SN  - 01087673
AB  - Extends the Takagi-Taupin theory by synthesizing it with eikonal theory in a unified space-time approach based upon microscopic electromagnetism.  Description of x-ray diffraction in a crystal undergoing subpicosecond and few-femtosecond changes; Wave equation; Electronic contribution to the charge density; Spatio-temporal disturbance of the electron density.
KW  - EIKONAL equation
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12667124; Adams, Bernhard W. 1; Email Address: adams@aps.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, IL, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 60 Issue 2, p120; Subject Term: EIKONAL equation; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0108767303025881
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daniels, Brenda V.
AU  - Jian-Sheng Jiang, Brenda V.
AU  - Fu, Dax
T1  - Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the Escherichia coli water channel AqpZ.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 561
EP  - 563
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - AqpZ is a 24 kDa integral membrane protein that facilitates water movement across the plasma membrane of Escherichia coli. In this study, the first crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of AqpZ are described. AqpZ was overexpressed and purified with a yield of 13 mg of purified AqpZ per litre of cell culture. The purified AqpZ was shown to be a monodisperse species consisting of tetrameric protein-detergent complexes. A crystallization condition for producing diffraction-quality crystals was identified. Initial X-ray analysis indicated that the diffraction limit of AqpZ extended to 3.6 Å. Crystals were found to belong to space groups P4122 or P4322, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 119.04, c = 380.23 Å. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AQUAPORINS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - CELL culture
N1  - Accession Number: 12598355; Daniels, Brenda V. 1 Jian-Sheng Jiang, Brenda V. 1 Fu, Dax 1; Email Address: dax@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 60 Issue 3, p561; Subject Term: AQUAPORINS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: CELL culture; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mortveit, H. S.
AU  - Reidys, C. M.
T1  - REDUCTION OF DISCRETE DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS OVER GRAPHS.
JO  - Advances in Complex Systems
JF  - Advances in Complex Systems
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02195259
AB  - In this paper we study phase space relations in a certain class of discrete dynamical systems over graphs. The systems we investigate are called Sequential Dynamical Systems (SDSs), which are a class of dynamical systems that provide a framework for analyzing computer simulations. Specifically, an SDS consists of (i) a finite undirected graph Y with vertex set {1,2,…,n} where each vertex has associated a binary state, (ii) a collection of Y-local functions (Fi,Y)i∈v[Y] with $F_{i,Y}: \mathbb{F}_2^n\to \mathbb{F}_2^n$ and (iii) a permutation π of the vertices of Y. The SDS induced by (i)–(iii) is the map \[ [F_Y,\pi] = F_{\pi(n),Y} \circ \cdots \circ F_{\pi(1),Y}\,. \] The paper is motivated by a general reduction theorem for SDSs which guarantees the existence of a phase space embedding induced by a covering map between the base graphs of two SDSs. We use this theorem to obtain information about phase spaces of certain SDSs over binary hypercubes from the dynamics of SDSs over complete graphs. We also investigate covering maps over binary hypercubes, $Q_2^n$, and circular graphs, Circn. In particular we show that there exists a covering map $\phi: Q_2^n\to K_{n+1}$ if and only if 2n≡0 mod n+1. Furthermore, we provide an interpretation of a class of invertible SDSs over circle graphs as right-shifts of length n-2 over {0,1}2n-2. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of how we can extend a given covering map to a covering map over certain extended graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Complex Systems is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORPHISMS (Mathematics)
KW  - SET theory
KW  - CATEGORIES (Mathematics)
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - covering maps
KW  - graph morphisms
KW  - phase space embeddings
KW  - reduction
KW  - Sequential dynamical systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13621504; Mortveit, H. S. 1 Reidys, C. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, CCS-5, MS M997 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 7 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MORPHISMS (Mathematics); Subject Term: SET theory; Subject Term: CATEGORIES (Mathematics); Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: covering maps; Author-Supplied Keyword: graph morphisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase space embeddings; Author-Supplied Keyword: reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential dynamical systems; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palumbo, A.V.
AU  - McCarthy, J.F.
AU  - Amonette, J.E.
AU  - Fisher, L.S.
AU  - Wullschleger, S.D.
AU  - Daniels, W. Lee
T1  - Prospects for enhancing carbon sequestration and reclamation of degraded lands with fossil-fuel combustion by-products
JO  - Advances in Environmental Research
JF  - Advances in Environmental Research
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
SN  - 10930191
AB  - Concern for the potential global change consequences of increasing atmospheric CO2 has prompted interest in the development of mechanisms to reduce or stabilize atmospheric CO2. During the next several decades, a program focused on terrestrial sequestration processes could make a significant contribution to abating CO2 increases. The reclamation of degraded lands, such as mine-spoil sites, highway rights-of-way, and poorly managed lands, represents an opportunity to couple C sequestration with the use of fossil-fuel and energy by-products and other waste material, such as biosolids and organic wastes from human and animal sewage treatment facilities, to improve soil quality. Degraded lands are often characterized by acidic pH, low levels of key nutrients, poor soil structure, and limited moisture-retention capacity. Much is known about the methods to improve these soils, but the cost of implementation is often a limiting factor. However, the additional financial and environmental benefits of C sequestration may change the economics of land reclamation activities. The addition of energy-related by-products can address the adverse conditions of these degraded lands through a variety of mechanisms, such as enhancing plant growth and capturing of organic C in long-lived soil C pools. This review examines the use of fossil-fuel combustion by-products and organic amendments to enhance C sequestration and identifies the key gaps in information that still must be addressed before these methods can be implemented on an environmentally meaningful scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Environmental Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - LAND use
KW  - ORGANIC wastes
KW  - SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Degraded lands
KW  - Fossil-fuel by-products
KW  - Land restoration
KW  - Soil organic matter
N1  - Accession Number: 12167853; Palumbo, A.V. 1; Email Address: palumboav@ornl.gov McCarthy, J.F. 2 Amonette, J.E. 3 Fisher, L.S. 1 Wullschleger, S.D. 1 Daniels, W. Lee 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA  2: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0404, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 8 Issue 3/4, p425; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: LAND use; Subject Term: ORGANIC wastes; Subject Term: SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degraded lands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fossil-fuel by-products; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land restoration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562219 Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1093-0191(02)00124-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kong, I.C.
AU  - Suh, H.
AU  - Yang, Z.
AU  - Burlage, R.S.
T1  - A bioluminescent reporter strain utilizing the lower pathway promoter (Pm) of the xyl operon of Pseudomonas: optimization of a bioassay for m-toluate
JO  - Advances in Environmental Research
JF  - Advances in Environmental Research
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 647
SN  - 10930191
AB  - A genetically modified strain of Pseudomonas putida mt-2 containing the intact TOL plasmid and a plasmid with the Pm-lux gene has been constructed. The bioluminescence activity of this strain was tested using seven organic compounds and derivatives, including m-toluate. Gene expression was monitored on the basis of the maximum light production of the strain after the addition of the inducer. The magnitude of the bioluminescent response was determined for each compound, revealing the following order: m-methyl benzyl alcohol>m-toluate>toluene>m-xylene>benzoate>p-xylene>o-xylene. Bioluminescence activity of the strain was also determined under different conditions of temperature, medium composition, additional carbon sources, nitrogen and phosphate. These results showed the importance of above conditions on the bioluminescence activity of tested strain. These results demonstrate the capability of such a constructed strain to detect a group of structurally related environmental contaminants and suggest the potential for its use as a rapid field analytical tool. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Environmental Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS diseases
KW  - TRANSGENIC plants
KW  - BIOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - Bioluminescence
KW  - Bioreporter
KW  - Genetically modified
N1  - Accession Number: 12167866; Kong, I.C. 1; Email Address: ickong@yu.ac.kr Suh, H. 1 Yang, Z. 2 Burlage, R.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyungsan city, Gyungbuk 712-749, South Korea  2: Division of Environmental Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 8 Issue 3/4, p647; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS diseases; Subject Term: TRANSGENIC plants; Subject Term: BIOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioreporter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetically modified; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1093-0191(03)00037-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephens, John R.
T1  - Development of Aerosol Monitoring Instrument and Results from Monitoring Emissions of Contained Detonations.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
EP  - 246
SN  - 02786826
AB  - To determine the airborne emissions that occur when conventional munitions are destroyed by open burn/open detonation (OB/OD), munitions shots were carried out in a large underground (4650 m3) chamber. Carrying out the tests in a chamber allows the total emissions to be measured, which is not possible in openair testing. We report here the development of an instrument to measure the time-dependent mass concentration and aerosol size distribution of respirable aerosols (<10 µm) from detonations of artillery projectiles in the underground chamber. The instrument incorporates an on-line diluter and real-time cascade impactor for aerosol monitoring. Design, flow modeling, construction details, and results from the instrument are given. Particulate emissions from detonations of twenty four 155 mm artillery projectiles, with a total of 377 lbs net explosive weight, were monitored. Aerosol measurements from the two duplicate tests were very similar. Aerosol mass concentrations showed rapid decreases from 37,000 and 65,000 µg/m3 for the first samples for the two tests, 14 and 17 min after detonation, to near 20,000 µg/m3 at 20 min after each detonation. Thereafter the concentration decreased less rapidly to several thousand µg/m3 at 90 min after the detonation. Aerosol mass concentrations peaked in the 0.3-0.6 µm diameter range during the first 30-60 min of sampling and shifted to smaller particles (<0.3 µm) toward the end of the sampling period (90 min) as turbulence decreased in the detonation chamber and large particles settled out. The data were highly reproducible between the two tests, indicating that the instrument performed satisfactorily. The data will be used to help determine the characteristics of dust emitted from OB/OD shots for munitions demilitarization and will provide a baseline for designing future studies to monitor the airborne emissions from full-scale open-air munitions demilitarization tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - PARTICULATE matter
KW  - MILITARY supplies
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 51752328; Stephens, John R. 1; Email Address: JRS@LANL.GOV; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p236; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: PARTICULATE matter; Subject Term: MILITARY supplies; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hadley, G. Ronald
T1  - Numerical Simulation of Waveguides of Arbitrary Cross-Section
JO  - AEU: International Journal of Electronics & Communications
JF  - AEU: International Journal of Electronics & Communications
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 58
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 92
SN  - 14348411
AB  - Abstract: Finite difference equations are derived for the simulation of dielectric waveguides using an H z-E z formulation defined on a nonuniform triangular grid. The resulting equations may be solved as a banded eigenproblem for waveguide structures of arbitrary shape composed of regions of piecewise constant isotropic dielectric, and all transverse fields then computed from the solutions. Benchmark comparisons are presented for problems with analytic solutions, as well as a sample calculation of the propagation loss of a hollow Bragg fiber. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of AEU: International Journal of Electronics & Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - Finite difference
KW  - Helmholtz
KW  - Propagation
KW  - Waveguide
N1  - Accession Number: 18310009; Hadley, G. Ronald 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-5800, U.S.A. E-mail: grhadle@sandia.gov; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 58 Issue 2, p86; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite difference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helmholtz; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Waveguide; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1078/1434-8411-54100212
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knight, A.
AU  - Zhivotovsky, L. A.
AU  - Kass, D. H.
AU  - Litwin, D. E.
AU  - Green, L. D.
AU  - White, P. S.
AU  - Mountain, J. L.
T1  - Molecular, forensic and haplotypic inconsistencies regarding the identity of the Ekaterinburg remains.
JO  - Annals of Human Biology
JF  - Annals of Human Biology
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar/Apr2004
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 138
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 03014460
AB  - Background : A set of human remains unearthed near Ekaterinburg, Russia has been attributed to the Romanov Imperial Family of Russia and their physician and servants. That conclusion was officially accepted by the Russian government following publication of DNA tests that were widely publicized. The published study included no discussion of major forensic discrepancies and the information regarding the burial site and remains included irregularities. Furthermore, its conclusion of Romanov identity was based on molecular behaviour that indicates contamination rather than endogenous DNA. The published claim to have amplified by PCR a 1223 bp region of degraded DNA in a single segment for nine individuals and then to have obtained sequence of PCR products derived from that segment without cloning indicates that the Ekaterinburg samples were contaminated with non-degraded, high molecular weight, 'fresh' DNA. Aim : Noting major violations of standard forensic practices, factual inconsistencies, and molecular behaviours that invalidate the claimed identity, we attempted to replicate the findings of the original DNA study. Subject : We analysed mtDNA extracted from a sample of the relic of Grand Duchess Elisabeth, sister of Empress Alexandra. Results : Among clones of multiple PCR targets and products, we observed no complete mtDNA haplotype matching that reported for Alexandra. The consensus haplotype of Elisabeth differs from that reported for Alexandra at four sites. Conclusion : Considering molecular and forensic inconsistencies, the identity of the Ekaterinburg remains has not been established. Our mtDNA haplotype results for Elisabeth provide yet another line of conflicting evidence regarding the identity of the Ekaterinburg remains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Human Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICIANS
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - GENES
KW  - CLONING
KW  - GENETIC engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 12725399; Knight, A. 1 Zhivotovsky, L. A. 2 Kass, D. H. 3 Litwin, D. E. 4 Green, L. D. 5 White, P. S. 5 Mountain, J. L. 1,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Anthropological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  2: Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia  3: Department of Biology, 316 Mark Jefferson, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA  4: PO Box 19754, Stanford, CA 94309, USA  5: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  6: Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Source Info: Mar/Apr2004, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: PHYSICIANS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: CLONING; Subject Term: GENETIC engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621111 Offices of Physicians (except Mental Health Specialists); NAICS/Industry Codes: 621110 Offices of physicians; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuller, Mark E.
AU  - Mailloux, Brian J.
AU  - Streger, Sheryl H.
AU  - Hall, James A.
AU  - Pengfei Zhang
AU  - Kovacik, William P.
AU  - Vainberg, Simon
AU  - Johnson, William P.
AU  - Onstott, Tullis C.
AU  - DeFlaun, Mary F.
T1  - Application of a Vital Fluorescent Staining Method for Simultaneous, Near-Real-Time Concentration Monitoring of Two Bacterial Strains in an Atlantic Coastal Plain Aquifer in Oyster, Virginia.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 70
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1680
EP  - 1687
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Two differentially labeled bacterial strains were monitored in near-real time during two field-scale bacterial transport experiments in a shallow aquifer in July 2000 and July 2001. Comamonas sp. strain DA001 and Acidovorax sp. strain OY-107 were grown and labeled with the vital fluorescent stain TAMRA/SE (5 [and -6]-carboxytetramethylrhodamine, succinimidyl ester) or CFDA/SE (5 [and -6]-carboxyfluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester). Fluorescently labeled cells and a conservative bromide tracer were introduced into a suboxic superficial aquifer, followed by groundwater collection from down-gradient multilevel samplers. Cells were enumerated in the field by microplate spectrofluorometry, with confirmatory analyses for selected samples done in the laboratory by epifluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and ferrographic capture. There was general agreement in the results from all of the vital-stain-based enumeration methods, with differences ranging from <10% up to 40% for the analysis of identical samples between different tracking methods. Field analysis by microplate spectrofluorometry was robust and efficient, allowing thousands of samples to be analyzed in quadruplicate for both of the injected strains. The near-real-time data acquisition allowed adjustments to the predetermined sampling schedule to be made. The microplate spectrofluorometry data sets for the July 2000 and July 2001 experiments allowed the transport of the injected cells to be related to the site hydrogeology and injection conditions and enabled the assessment of differences in the transport of the two strains. This near-real-time method should prove effective for a number of microbial ecology applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENT screens
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - BROMIDES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - CYTOMETRY
KW  - CELLS
KW  - VIRGINIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12690403; Fuller, Mark E. 1; Email Address: Mark.Fuller@shawgrp.com Mailloux, Brian J. 2,3 Streger, Sheryl H. 1 Hall, James A. 2,4 Pengfei Zhang 5,6 Kovacik, William P. 7,8 Vainberg, Simon 1 Johnson, William P. 5 Onstott, Tullis C. 2 DeFlaun, Mary F. 1,9; Affiliation:  1: Envirogen, Inc., Princeton Research Center, Lawrenceville, New Jersey  2: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey  3: Columbia Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY  4: Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC  5: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah  6: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York, New York, NY  7: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana  8: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA  9: GeoSyntec Consultants, Princeton, NJ; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 70 Issue 3, p1680; Subject Term: FLUORESCENT screens; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: BROMIDES; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: CYTOMETRY; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: VIRGINIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jizhong Zhou
AU  - Beicheng Xia
AU  - Heshu Huang
AU  - Palumbo, Anthony V.
AU  - Tiedje, James M.
T1  - Microbial Diversity and Heterogeneity in Sandy Subsurface Soils.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 70
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1723
EP  - 1734
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Microbial community diversity and heterogeneity in saturated and unsaturated subsurface soils from Abbott’s Pit in Virginia (1.57, 3.25, and 4.05 m below surface) and Dover Air Force Base in Delaware (6.00 and 7.50 m below surface) were analyzed using a culture-independent smail-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (rDNA)based cloning approach. Four to six dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in 33 to 100 unique SSU rDNA clones (constituting about 40 to 50% of the total number of SSU rDNA clones in the clone library) from the saturated subsurface samples, whereas no dominant OTUs were observed in the unsaturated subsurface sample. Less than 10% of the clones among samples from different depths at the same location were identical, and the proportion of overlapping OTUs was lower for the samples that were vertically far apart than for adjacent samples. In addition, no OTUs were shared between the Abbott’s Pit and Dover samples. The majority of the clones (80%) had sequences that were less than 5% different from those in the current databases. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that most of the bacterial clones were affiliated with members of the Proteobacteria family (90%), gram-positive bacteria (3%), and members of the Acidobacteria family (3%). Principal component analysis revealed that samples from different geographic locations were well separated and that samples from the same location were closely grouped together. In addition, the nonsaturated subsurface samples from Abbott’s Pit clustered together and were well separated from the saturated subsurface soil sample. Finally, the overall diversity of the subsurface samples was much lower than that of the corresponding surface soil samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
KW  - ECOLOGICAL heterogeneity
KW  - CLONING
KW  - RNA
KW  - CELL culture
KW  - TAXONOMY
KW  - VIRGINIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12690408; Jizhong Zhou 1; Email Address: zhouj@ornl.gov Beicheng Xia 2 Heshu Huang 1 Palumbo, Anthony V. 1 Tiedje, James M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 70 Issue 3, p1723; Subject Term: MICROBIAL ecology; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL heterogeneity; Subject Term: CLONING; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: CELL culture; Subject Term: TAXONOMY; Subject Term: VIRGINIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dhar, S.
AU  - Song, Y.W.
AU  - Feldman, L.C.
AU  - Isaacs-Smith, T.
AU  - Tin, C.C.
AU  - Williams, J.R.
AU  - Chung, G.
AU  - Nishimura, T.
AU  - Starodub, D.
AU  - Gustafsson, T.
AU  - Garfunkel, E.
T1  - Effect of nitric oxide annealing on the interface trap density near the conduction bandedge of 4H–SiC at the oxide/(1120) 4H–SiC interface.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1498
EP  - 1500
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Nitric oxide postoxidation anneal results in a significant decrease of defect state density (D[sub it]) near the conduction bandedge of n-4H–SiC at the oxide/(1120) 4H–SiC interface. Comparison with measurements on the conventional (0001) Si-terminated face shows a similar interface state density following passivation. Medium energy ion scattering provides a quantitative measure of nitrogen incorporation at the SiO[sub 2]/SiC interface. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12360968; Dhar, S. 1; Email Address: sarit.dhar@vanderbilt.edu Song, Y.W. 2 Feldman, L.C. 2,3 Isaacs-Smith, T. 4 Tin, C.C. 4 Williams, J.R. 4 Chung, G. 5 Nishimura, T. 6 Starodub, D. 6 Gustafsson, T. 6 Garfunkel, E. 6; Affiliation:  1: Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  4: Department of Physics, Auburn University  5: Dow Corning Inc.  6: Laboratory for Surface Modification, Rutgers University; Source Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 9, p1498; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651325
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loosmore, Gwen A.
AU  - Cederwall, Richard T.
T1  - Precipitation scavenging of atmospheric aerosols for emergency response applications: testing an updated model with new real-time data
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 993
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Precipitation scavenging can effectively remove particulates from the atmosphere. Interest in the phenomena waxed in the 1980s, but models developed at that time remain limited by the lack of both detailed, time-resolved wet deposition pattern measurements for model confirmation and real-time rain data for model execution. Recently, new rain products have become available that can revolutionize real-time use of precipitation scavenging models on the regional scale. We have utilized a 4-km, hourly resolution precipitation data set from the Arkansas Red-Basin River Forecast Center. A standard below-cloud aerosol scavenging model has been modified to incorporate the potentially larger scavenging in heavy rain events. This paper demonstrates the model on a sample rainfall data set. The simulations demonstrate the concentrating effect of rainfall, especially heavy rain, on deposition patterns. Wet deposition played an important role in the simulated fate and transport, removing as much as 70% of the released aerosol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRECIPITATION scavenging
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - ARKANSAS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Aerosol
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Particle
KW  - Washout
KW  - Wet deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 11957515; Loosmore, Gwen A.; Email Address: loosmorel@llnl.gov Cederwall, Richard T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-103, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 38 Issue 7, p993; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION scavenging; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: ARKANSAS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Washout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wet deposition; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.10.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chellappa, Raja
AU  - Russell, Renee
AU  - Chandra, Dhanesh
T1  - Thermodynamic modeling of the C(CH2OH)4–(NH2)(CH3)C(CH2OH)2 binary system
JO  - CALPHAD
JF  - CALPHAD
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 8
SN  - 03645916
AB  - A new calculated phase diagram of pentaerythritol [PE: C(CH2OH)4]–2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol [AMPL: (NH2)(CH3)C(CH2OH)2] ‘plastic crystals’ is presented. The low temperature PE-rich <f>α</f> phase has a tetragonal structure whereas the AMPL-rich <f>β</f> phase has a monoclinic structure. Upon heating, these low temperature <f>α</f> or <f>β</f> phases transform to high temperature <f>γ</f> or <f>γ′</f> plastic crystal phases. The PE-rich <f>γ</f> phase has an FCC structure and the AMPL-rich <f>γ′</f> phase has a BCC structure. The system exhibits complex behavior with one low temperature peritectoid, a high temperature eutectoid, and a peritectic. The <f>α</f> and <f>β</f> phases are assumed to be regular solutions and the plastic crystal phases (<f>γ</f> and <f>γ′</f>) are described using sub-regular solution models. The optimization for excess Gibbs energy parameters was performed using Thermo-Calc (TCC) software. The magnitudes of the interaction parameters are relatively large compared to those for similar plastic crystal binary systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of CALPHAD is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate
KW  - PLASTIC crystals
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - HEATING
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 13736516; Chellappa, Raja 1 Russell, Renee 2 Chandra, Dhanesh 1; Email Address: dchandra@unr.edu; Affiliation:  1: Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department (MS 388), University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K6-24, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate; Subject Term: PLASTIC crystals; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.calphad.2004.03.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Russell, Renee
AU  - Chellappa, Raja
AU  - Chandra, Dhanesh
T1  - Determination of the phase diagram of the binary system C(CH2OH)4–(NH2)(CH3)C(CH2OH)2 by high resolution Guinier diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry
JO  - CALPHAD
JF  - CALPHAD
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 48
SN  - 03645916
AB  - The phase diagram of the pentaerythritol [(PE): C(CH2OH)4]–2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol [AMPL: (NH2)(CH3)C(CH2OH)2] ‘plastic crystal’ binary system is presented in this paper. The phase stabilities and boundaries have been determined using high temperature Guinier x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The phase diagram is rather complex with three invariant equilibria: a peritectoid at 357 K, the eutectoid at 423 K, and a peritectic at 457 K. A summary of all the phase transitions occurring in the system, along with the enthalpies of fusion, DSC plots, and high temperature x-ray diffraction patterns is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of CALPHAD is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate
KW  - PLASTIC crystals
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13736519; Russell, Renee 1 Chellappa, Raja 2; Email Address: raja@unr.edu Chandra, Dhanesh 2; Email Address: dchandra@unr.edu; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K6-24, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department (MS 388), University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate; Subject Term: PLASTIC crystals; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.calphad.2004.04.001
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerr, Lisa A.
AU  - Andrews, Allen H.
AU  - Frantz, Brian R.
AU  - Coale, Kenneth H.
AU  - Brown, Thomas A.
AU  - Cailliet, Gregor M.
T1  - Radiocarbon in otoliths of yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus): a reference time series for the coastal waters of southeast Alaska.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences
JF  - Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 61
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
EP  - 451
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 0706652X
AB  - Atmospheric testing of thermonuclear devices during the 1950s and 1960s created a global radiocarbon (14C) signal that has provided a useful tracer and chronological marker in oceanic systems and organisms. The bomb-generated 14C signal retained in fish otoliths can be used as a time-specific recorder of the 14C present in ambient seawater, making it a useful tool in age validation of fishes. The goal of this study was to determine 14C in otoliths of the age-validated yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus) to establish a reference time series for the coastal waters of southeast Alaska. Radiocarbon values from the first year's growth of 43 yelloweye rockfish otoliths plotted against estimated birth year produced a 14C time series (1940–1990) for these waters. The initial rise of 14C occurred in 1958 and 14C levels rose to peak values (60–70‰) between 1966 and 1971, with a subsequent declining trend through the end of the record in 1990 (–3.2‰). In addition, the 14C data confirmed the longevity of the yelloweye rockfish to a minimum of 44 years and strongly support higher age estimates. This 14C time series will be useful for the interpretation of 14C accreted in biological samples from these waters. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Les essais thermonucléaires atmosphériques des années 1950 et 1960 ont laissé un signal de radiocarbone (14C) global qui peut servir de traceur et de marqueur chronologique dans les systèmes et les organismes océaniques. Le signal 14C généré par les explosions et retenu dans les otolithes de poissons peut être utilisé comme un enregistrement de la concentration de 14C dans l'eau de mer ambiante au cours des années; c'est donc un outil intéressant pour la validation de l'âge chez les poissons. L'objectif de notre recherche est de mesurer le 14C dans les otolithes de sébastes aux yeux jaunes (Sebastes ruberrimus) dont la détermination d'âge a été validée dans le but de produire une série chronologique de référence pour les eaux côtières du sud-est de l'Alaska. Un graphique des mesures de radiocarbone de la première année de croissance des otolithes de 43 sébastes aux yeux jaunes en fonction de leur année de naissance estimée fournit une série chronologique du 14C de 1940 à 1990 pour ces eaux. L'augmentation initiale de 14C s'est produite en 1958 avec un maximum (60–70 ‰) entre 1966 et 1971, suivie par une tendance au déclin (–3,2 ‰) jusqu'en 1990 (fin des données). De plus, les données de 14C confirment la longévité des sébastes à yeux jaunes d'un minimum de 44 ans et laissent nettement croire à des estimations encore plus élevées. Cette série chronologique de 14C pourra servir à interpréter les accrétions de 14C dans les échantillons biologiques tirés de ces eaux.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon isotopes
KW  - Striped bass
KW  - Fish anatomy
KW  - Fishes -- Longevity
KW  - Alaska, Southeast
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13044548; Kerr, Lisa A. 1; Email Address: kerr@cbl.umces.edu; Andrews, Allen H. 1; Frantz, Brian R. 2; Coale, Kenneth H. 1; Brown, Thomas A. 2; Cailliet, Gregor M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, California State University, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, U.S.A.; 2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 61 Issue 3, p443; Subject Term: Carbon isotopes; Subject Term: Striped bass; Subject Term: Fish anatomy; Subject Term: Fishes -- Longevity; Subject: Alaska, Southeast; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 114111 Finfish Fishing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/F04-009
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tél, Tamás
AU  - Nishikawa, Takashi
AU  - Motter, Adilson E.
AU  - Grebogi, Celso
AU  - Toroczkai, Zoltán
T1  - Universality in active chaos.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
EP  - 78
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - Many examples of chemical and biological processes take place in large-scale environmental flows. Such flows generate filamental patterns which are often fractal due to the presence of chaos in the underlying advection dynamics. In such processes, hydrodynamical stirring strongly couples into the reactivity of the advected species and might thus make the traditional treatment of the problem through partial differential equations difficult. Here we present a simple approach for the activity in inhomogeneously stirred flows. We show that the fractal patterns serving as skeletons and catalysts lead to a rate equation with a universal form that is independent of the flow, of the particle properties, and of the details of the active process. One aspect of the universality of our approach is that it also applies to reactions among particles of finite size (so-called inertial particles). © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLOWS (Differentiable dynamical systems)
KW  - CHAOS theory
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - TOPOLOGICAL dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12361008; Tél, Tamás 1 Nishikawa, Takashi 2; Email Address: tnishi@smu.edu Motter, Adilson E. 3 Grebogi, Celso 4 Toroczkai, Zoltán 5; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical Physics, Eötvös University, Hungary  2: Department of Mathematics, Southern Methodist University, Texas  3: Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Germany  4: Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil  5: Complex Systems Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p72; Subject Term: FLOWS (Differentiable dynamical systems); Subject Term: CHAOS theory; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: TOPOLOGICAL dynamics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1626391
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ostroverkhov, Victor
AU  - Waychunas, Glenn A.
AU  - Shen, Y.R.
T1  - Vibrational spectra of water at water/α-quartz (0 0 0 1) interface
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 386
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 144
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Selected beam geometry allows us to suppress the bulk contribution to sum-frequency generation from crystalline quartz and use sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy to study water/α-quartz interfaces with different bulk pH values. The spectra are qualitatively similar to those of water/fused-quartz interfaces, but display an ice-like peak that resembles very closely that of a real ice surface, providing the first evidence to the belief that water molecules at a crystalline oxide surface form a more ordered hydrogen-bonding network. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CRYSTALLINE electric field
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 12309811; Ostroverkhov, Victor 1; Email Address: victoro@uclink.berkeley.edu Waychunas, Glenn A. 2 Shen, Y.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, 366 LeConte Hall, 7300, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 386 Issue 1-3, p144; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE electric field; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.01.047
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Le, Hiep D.
AU  - Donaldson, Kathryn M.
AU  - Cook, Kevin R.
AU  - Karpen, Gary H.
T1  - A high proportion of genes involved in position effect variegation also affect chromosome inheritance.
JO  - Chromosoma
JF  - Chromosoma
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 112
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 276
SN  - 14320886
AB  - Suppressors and enhancers of position effect variegation (PEV) have been linked to the establishment and maintenance of heterochromatin. The presence of centromeres and other inheritance elements in heterochromatic regions suggests that suppressors and enhancers of PEV, Su(var) s and E(var)s [collectively termed Mod(var)s], may be required for chromosome inheritance. In order to test this hypothesis, we screened 59 ethyl methanesulfonate-generated Drosophila Mod(var)s for dominant effects on the partially compromised inheritance of a minichromosome (J21A) missing a portion of the genetically defined centromere. Nearly half of these Mod(var)s significantly increased or decreased the transmission of J21A. Analyses of homozygous mutant larval neuroblasts suggest that these mutations affect cell cycle progression and native chromosome morphology. Five out of six complementation groups tested displayed mitotic abnormalities, including phenotypes such as telomere fusions, overcondensed chromosomes, and low mitotic index. We conclude that Mod(var)s as a group are highly enriched for genes that encode essential inheritance functions. We propose that a primary function of Mod(var)s is to promote chromosome inheritance, and that the gene silencing phenotype associated with PEV may be a secondary consequence of the heterochromatic structures required to carry out these functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chromosoma is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - PLANT variation
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - METHANESULFONATES
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - COMPLEMENTATION (Genetics)
KW  - PLANT diseases
N1  - Accession Number: 17011811; Le, Hiep D. 1,2 Donaldson, Kathryn M. 1,3 Cook, Kevin R. 1,4 Karpen, Gary H. 1; Email Address: karpen@fruitfly.org; Affiliation:  1: Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS-84R0171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA  3: The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA  4: Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E. Third St., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 112 Issue 6, p269; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: PLANT variation; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: METHANESULFONATES; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: COMPLEMENTATION (Genetics); Subject Term: PLANT diseases; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00412-003-0272-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petr Chylek
AU  - Jason E. Box
AU  - Glen Lesins
T1  - Global Warming and the Greenland Ice Sheet.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 63
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 221
SN  - 01650009
AB  - The Greenland coastal temperatures have followed the early 20th century global warming trend. Since 1940, however, the Greenland coastal stations data have undergone predominantly a cooling trend. At the summit of the Greenland ice sheet the summer average temperature has decreased at the rate of 2.2 °C per decade since the beginning of the measurements in 1987. This suggests that the Greenland ice sheet and coastal regions are not following the current global warming trend. A considerable and rapid warming over all of coastal Greenland occurred in the 1920s when the average annual surface air temperature rose between 2 and 4 °C in less than ten years (at some stations the increase in winter temperature was as high as 6 °C). This rapid warming, at a time when the change in anthropogenic production of greenhouse gases was well below the current level, suggests a high natural variability in the regional climate. High anticorrelations (r = −0.84 to −0.93) between the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) index and Greenland temperature time series suggest a physical connection between these processes. Therefore, the future changes in the NAO and Northern Annular Mode may be of critical consequence to the future temperature forcing of the Greenland ice sheet melt rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - GREENHOUSE effect (Atmosphere)
KW  - OCEAN-atmosphere interaction
KW  - GREENLAND
N1  - Accession Number: 20376343; Petr Chylek 1 Jason E. Box 2 Glen Lesins 3; Affiliation:  1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, and Department of Physics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, U.S.A. E-mail: chylek@lanl.gov ; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 3J5  2: Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A.  3: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 3J5; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 63 Issue 1/2, p201; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE effect (Atmosphere); Subject Term: OCEAN-atmosphere interaction; Subject Term: GREENLAND; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ossadtchi, A.
AU  - Baillet, S.
AU  - Mosher, J.C.
AU  - Thyerlei, D.
AU  - Sutherling, W.
AU  - Leahy, R.M.
T1  - Automated interictal spike detection and source localization in magnetoencephalography using independent components analysis and spatio-temporal clustering
JO  - Clinical Neurophysiology
JF  - Clinical Neurophysiology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 115
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 508
SN  - 13882457
AB  - Objective: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) dipole localization of epileptic spikes is useful in epilepsy surgery for mapping the extent of abnormal cortex and to focus intracranial electrodes. Visually analyzing large amounts of data produces fatigue and error. Most automated techniques are based on matching of interictal spike templates or predictive filtering of the data and do not explicitly include source localization as part of the analysis. This leads to poor sensitivity versus specificity characteristics. We describe a fully automated method that combines time-series analysis with source localization to detect clusters of focal neuronal current generators within the brain that produce interictal spike activity.Methods: We first use an ICA (independent components analysis) method to decompose the multichannel MEG data and identify those components that exhibit spike-like characteristics. From these detected spikes we then find those whose spatial topographies across the array are consistent with focal neural sources, and determine the foci of equivalent current dipoles and their associated time courses. We then perform a clustering of the localized dipoles based on distance metrics that takes into consideration both their locations and time courses. The final step of refinement consists of retaining only those clusters that are statistically significant. The average locations and time series from significant clusters comprise the final output of our method.Results and Significance: Data were processed from 4 patients with partial focal epilepsy. In all three subjects for whom surgical resection was performed, clusters were found in the vicinity of the resectioned area.Conclusions: The presented procedure is promising and likely to be useful to the physician as a more sensitive, automated and objective method to help in the localization of the interictal spike zone of intractable partial seizures. The final output can be visually verified by neurologists in terms of both the location and distribution of the dipole clusters and their associated time series. Due to the clinical relevance and demonstrated promise of this method, further investigation of this approach is warranted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical Neurophysiology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY
KW  - BRAIN -- Magnetic fields -- Measurement
KW  - BRAIN diseases
KW  - NEUROLOGY
KW  - EPILEPSY
KW  - Automatic detection
KW  - Epilepsy
KW  - Independent component analysis
KW  - Interictal spike
KW  - RAP-MUSIC
N1  - Accession Number: 12311273; Ossadtchi, A. 1 Baillet, S. 2 Mosher, J.C. 3 Thyerlei, D. 4 Sutherling, W. 4 Leahy, R.M. 1; Email Address: leahy@sipi.usc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Signal and Image Processing Institute, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA  2: Cognitive Neuroscience and Brain Imaging Lab, CNRS, La Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Epilepsy and Brain Mapping Program, Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 115 Issue 3, p508; Subject Term: MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; Subject Term: BRAIN -- Magnetic fields -- Measurement; Subject Term: BRAIN diseases; Subject Term: NEUROLOGY; Subject Term: EPILEPSY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automatic detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epilepsy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Independent component analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interictal spike; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAP-MUSIC; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.clinph.2003.10.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Christopher
AU  - Gemmen, Randall
AU  - Orlovskaya, Nina
T1  - Nano-structured self-assembled LaCrO3 thin film deposited by RF-magnetron sputtering on a stainless steel interconnect material
JO  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
JF  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
SN  - 13598368
AB  - The deposition of an amorphous La–Cr–O thin film on a stainless steel was done by radio frequency magnetron sputtering to obtain a protective coating on the metallic interconnect for solid oxide fuel cells. The deposited film was amorphous, but underwent two-phase transformations to the perovskite structure as a result of annealing at 700 °C for 1 h. The first transformation was from amorphous to the monoclinic LaCrO4 monazite type compound. The second transformation was from LaCrO4 to orthorhombic LaCrO3 perovskite. As a result of the phase transformation nano-structured self-assembled dendritic structure was formed with the desired perovskite phase. The structural characterization of the film was done by X-ray diffraction, phase shift microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites: Part B, Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - CHROMITE
KW  - CRYSTALLINE polymers
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - Amorphous to crystalline phase transition
KW  - Lanthanum chromite
KW  - Micro-Raman spectroscopy
KW  - Perovskite
KW  - Self-assembled nano-structure
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cells
KW  - Thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 12308002; Johnson, Christopher 1 Gemmen, Randall 1 Orlovskaya, Nina 2; Email Address: orlovsk@drexel.edu; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Department of Energy, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26507, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p167; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: CHROMITE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE polymers; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous to crystalline phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum chromite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-Raman spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled nano-structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin film; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.compositesb.2003.08.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kostova, Tanya
AU  - Carlsen, Tina
AU  - Kercher, Jim
T1  - Individual-based spatially-explicit model of an herbivore and its resource: the effect of habitat reduction and fragmentation
T2  - Mode&grave;le individuel et spatialement explicite d'un herbivore et de ses ressources : l'effet de la re´duction et de la fragmentation de l'habitat
JO  - Comptes Rendus Biologies
JF  - Comptes Rendus Biologies
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 327
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 16310691
AB  - We present an individual-based, spatially-explicit model of the dynamics of a small mammal and its resource. The life histories of each individual animal are modeled separately. The individuals can have the status of residents or wanderers and belong to behaviorally differing groups of juveniles or adults and males or females. Their territory defending and monogamous behavior is taken into consideration. The resource, green vegetation, grows depending on seasonal climatic characteristics and is diminished due to the herbivore''s grazing. Other specifics such as a varying personal energetic level due to feeding and starvation of the individuals, mating preferences, avoidance of competitors, dispersal of juveniles, as a result of site overgrazing, etc., are included in the model. We determined model parameters from real data for the species Microtus ochrogaster (prairie vole). The simulations are done for a case of an enclosed habitat without predators or other species competitors. The goal of the study is to find the relation between size of habitat and population persistence. The experiments with the model show the populations go extinct due to severe overgrazing, but that the length of population persistence depends on the area of the habitat as well as on the presence of fragmentation. Additionally, the total population size of the vole population obtained during the simulations exhibits yearly fluctuations as well as multi-yearly peaks of fluctuations. This dynamics is similar to the one observed in prairie vole field studies. To cite this article: T. Kostova et al., C. R. Biologies 327 (2004). (English) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Nous pre´sentons un mode&grave;le individuel et spatialement explicite de la dynamique d'un petit mammife&grave;re et de ses ressources. Les histoires de la vie de chaque animal sont mode´lise´es se´pare´ment. Les individus peuvent avoir le statut de re´sidants ou de nomades et appartiennent a&grave; diffe´rents groupes de comportement, jeunes ou adultes et maˆles ou femelles. Leurs comportements dans les domaines de la de´fense du territoire et de la monogamie sont pris en compte. Les ressources, a&grave; savoir la ve´ge´tation verte, croissent selon les caracte´ristiques climatiques des saisons et sont re´duites en fonction du paˆturage des herbivores. D'autres parame&grave;tres, tels que les variations du niveau d'e´nergie personnelle re´sultant de l'abondance ou de l'absence de nourriture, les pre´fe´rences sexuelles, l'e´vitement de la compe´tition, la dispersion des jeunes re´sultant de paˆturages surexploite´s, etc., sont inclus dans le mode&grave;le. Nous avons de´termine´ les parame&grave;tres du mode&grave;le sur la base de donne´es re´elles pour l'espe&grave;ce Microtus ochrogaster (campagnol des prairies). Les simulations sont faites dans le cas d'un habitat ferme´, sans pre´dateurs ou autres compe´titeurs. Le but de l'e´tude est de trouver la relation entre la taille de l'habitat et la longe´vite´ de la population. Les expe´riences re´alise´es avec le mode&grave;le montrent que les populations s'e´teignent a&grave; cause du manque de paˆturage, mais aussi que la dure´e de vie d'une population de´pend de la surface de l'habitat ainsi que de sa fragmentation. De plus, la taille de la population totale durant la simulation met en e´vidence des fluctuations annuelles ainsi que des pics de fluctuation multi-annuels. Cette dynamique est semblable a&grave; celle observe´e dans les e´tudes concernant Microtus ochrogaster. Pour citer cet article : T. Kostova et al., C. R. Biologies 327 (2004). (French) [Copyright 2004 Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Comptes Rendus Biologies is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - HABITAT (Ecology)
KW  - PRAIRIE vole
KW  - ANIMALS -- Population biology
KW  - complexity
KW  - dynamique de population
KW  - individual-based models
KW  - population dynamics
KW  - population waves
KW  - self-organization
KW  - auto-organisation
KW  - complexité
KW  - modèles individuels
KW  - ondes de population
N1  - Accession Number: 12776605; Kostova, Tanya; Email Address: kostova@llnl.gov Carlsen, Tina 1 Kercher, Jim 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-550, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 327 Issue 3, p261; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: HABITAT (Ecology); Subject Term: PRAIRIE vole; Subject Term: ANIMALS -- Population biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamique de population; Author-Supplied Keyword: individual-based models; Author-Supplied Keyword: population dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: population waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: self-organization; Author-Supplied Keyword: auto-organisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: complexité; Author-Supplied Keyword: modèles individuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: ondes de population; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.crvi.2003.11.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Endres, R.G.
AU  - Fong, C.Y.
AU  - Yang, L.H.
AU  - Witte, G.
AU  - Wöll, Ch.
T1  - Structural and electronic properties of pentacene molecule and molecular pentacene solid
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
SN  - 09270256
AB  - The structural and electronic properties of a single pentacene molecule and a pentacene molecular crystal, an organic semiconductor, are examined by a first-principles method based on the generalized gradient approximation of density functional theory. Calculations on the crystal were carried out for a triclinic unit cell containing two pentacene molecules. The bandwidths of the valence and conduction bands which determine the charge migration mechanism are found to depend strongly on the crystallographic direction. Along the triclinic reciprocal lattice vectors <f>a&ast;</f> and <f>b&ast;</f> which are orientated approximately perpendicular to the molecular axes the maximal valence (conduction) band width amounts to only 75 (59) meV, even smaller values are obtained for the <f>c&ast;</f> direction parallel to molecular axes. Along the stacking directions <f>a&ast;+b&ast;</f> and <f>a&ast;−b&ast;</f>, however, the maximal valence (conduction) band width is found to reach 145 (260) meV. The value for the conduction band width is larger than estimates for the polaron binding energy but significantly smaller than recent results obtained by semiempirical methods. The single molecule has a HOMO–LUMO gap of about 1.1 eV as deduced from the Kohn–Sham eigenvalue differences. When using the self-consistent field method, which is expected to yield more reliable results, a value of 4.73 eV is obtained. The theoretical value for the band gap in the molecular solid amounts to 1.0 eV at the <f>Γ</f>-point. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PENTACENE
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - 72.20.Jv
KW  - Band gap
KW  - Band structure
KW  - Charge transport
KW  - Density-functional theory
KW  - Molecular crystals
KW  - Organic semiconductors
KW  - Pentacene
N1  - Accession Number: 12043813; Endres, R.G. 1; Email Address: endresrg@ornl.gov Fong, C.Y. 2 Yang, L.H. 3 Witte, G. 4 Wöll, Ch. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Sciences and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6164, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8677, USA  3: H Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p362; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PENTACENE; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 72.20.Jv; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band gap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density-functional theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pentacene; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.commatsci.2003.09.006
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Narasimhan, C.
AU  - Ward, Richard
AU  - Kruse, Kara L.
AU  - Guddati, Murthy
AU  - Mahinthakumar, G.
T1  - A high resolution computer model for sound propagation in the human thorax based on the Visible Human data set
JO  - Computers in Biology & Medicine
JF  - Computers in Biology & Medicine
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 00104825
AB  - A parallel supercomputer model based on realistic tissue data is developed for sound propagation in the human thorax and the sound propagation behavior is analyzed under various conditions using artificial sound sources. The model uses the Visible Human<f>®</f>1<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>An anatomical data set developed under a contract from the National Library of Medicine by the Departments of Cellular and Structural Biology, and Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine.</fn> male data set for a realistic representation of the human thorax. The results were analyzed in time and frequency domains. The analysis suggests that lower frequencies of around <f>100 Hz</f> are more effectively transmitted through the thorax and that the spatial confinement of sound waves within the thorax results in a resonance effect at around <f>1500 Hz</f>. The results confirm previous studies that show the size of the thorax plays a significant role in the type of sound generated at the chest wall. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers in Biology & Medicine is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEST (Anatomy)
KW  - SOUND waves
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Human thorax
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Sound propagation
KW  - Visible human data set
N1  - Accession Number: 12234765; Narasimhan, C. 1 Ward, Richard 2 Kruse, Kara L. 2 Guddati, Murthy 3 Mahinthakumar, G. 3; Email Address: gmkumar@eos.ncsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  3: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p177; Subject Term: CHEST (Anatomy); Subject Term: SOUND waves; Subject Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human thorax; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sound propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visible human data set; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-4825(03)00044-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12234765&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuzier, S.
AU  - Van Sciver, S.W.
T1  - Use of the bare chip Cernox™ thermometer for the detection of second sound in superfluid helium
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
SN  - 00112275
AB  - Bare chip Cernox™ thermometers model CX-1030 from LakeShore Cryotronics Inc. have been used to detect second sound in superfluid helium. This paper presents some examples of second sound measurements and comments on the electrical and thermal time constants of these thermometers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMOMETERS
KW  - INSTRUMENTATION technicians
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - He II
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Temperature sensors
N1  - Accession Number: 12235103; Fuzier, S.; Email Address: fuzier@magnet.fsu.edu Van Sciver, S.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 44 Issue 3, p211; Subject Term: THERMOMETERS; Subject Term: INSTRUMENTATION technicians; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: HELIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: He II; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature sensors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2003.11.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12235103&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwon, Kyungjung
AU  - Evans, James W.
T1  - Comparison between cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry when coupled with EQCM for the study of the SEI on a carbon film electrode
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 49
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 867
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry have been conducted with the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) to characterize electron-beam deposited carbon film electrodes in LiClO4-containing mixed electrolytes of ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC). For a system whose electrolyte viscosity changes in the course of experiments, such as the above combination of electrode and electrolyte, the mass change per mole of electrons transferred (MPE) of the species on quartz crystals depends on the potential scan rate of CV. Chronoamperometry with a short period is more desirable for the estimation of the MPE of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) because the viscosity-induced frequency change, which hinders the correct MPE estimation, constitutes a small portion of the measured frequency change under this experimental condition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLTAMMETRY
KW  - QUARTZ crystal microbalances
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Chronoamperometry
KW  - Cyclic voltammetry
KW  - EQCM
KW  - MPE
KW  - SEI
N1  - Accession Number: 12039429; Kwon, Kyungjung 1 Evans, James W.; Email Address: evans@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 210, Hearst Mining Building, University of California, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 49 Issue 6, p867; Subject Term: VOLTAMMETRY; Subject Term: QUARTZ crystal microbalances; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronoamperometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic voltammetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: EQCM; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPE; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEI; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2003.09.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Lonkhuyzen, Robert A.
AU  - LaGory, Kirk E.
AU  - Kuiper, James A.
T1  - Modeling the Suitability of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites with a Geographic Information System Modeling Suitability of Wetland Mitigation Sites.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 368
EP  - 375
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Wetland mitigation is frequently required to compensate for unavoidable impacts to wetlands. Site conditions and landscape context are critical factors influencing the functions that created wetlands perform. We developed a spatial model and used a geographic information system (GIS) to identify suitable locations for wetland mitigation sites. The model used six variables to characterize site conditions: hydrology, soils, historic condition, vegetation cover, adjacent vegetation, and land use. For each variable, a set of suitability scores was developed that indicated the wetland establishment potential for different variable states. Composite suitability scores for individual points on the landscape were determined from the weighted geometric mean of suitability scores for each variable at each point. These composite scores were grouped into five classes and mapped as a wetland mitigation suitability surface with a GIS. Sites with high suitability scores were further evaluated using information on the feasibility of site modification and project cost. This modeling approach could be adapted by planners for use in identifying the suitability of locations as wetland mitigation sites at any site or region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Wetland management
KW  - Aquatic resources
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Aquatic sciences
KW  - Information resources
KW  - Geographic information system
KW  - Landscape
KW  - Spatial model
KW  - Suitability index
KW  - Wetland mitigation
KW  - Wetland restoration
N1  - Accession Number: 15311426; Van Lonkhuyzen, Robert A. 1; LaGory, Kirk E. 1; Kuiper, James A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p368; Thesaurus Term: Geographic information systems; Thesaurus Term: Wetland management; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic resources; Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Aquatic sciences; Subject Term: Information resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geographic information system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Landscape; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Suitability index; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetland mitigation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetland restoration; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-3017-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15311426&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quinn, N.W.T.
AU  - Brekke, L.D.
AU  - Miller, N.L.
AU  - Heinzer, T.
AU  - Hidalgo, H.
AU  - Dracup, J.A.
T1  - Model integration for assessing future hydroclimate impacts on water resources, agricultural production and environmental quality in the San Joaquin Basin, California
JO  - Environmental Modelling & Software
JF  - Environmental Modelling & Software
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
SN  - 13648152
AB  - The US National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change provides compelling arguments for action and adaptive measures to help mitigate water resource, agricultural production and environmental quality impacts of future climate change. National resource planning at this scale can benefit by the development of integrated impact analysis toolboxes that allow linkage and integration of hydroclimate models, surface and groundwater hydrologic models, economic and environmental impact models and techniques for social impact assessment. Simulation models used in an assessment of climate change impacts on water resources, agriculture and environmental quality in the San Joaquin Basin of California are described in this paper as well as the challenges faced in linking the component models within an impacts assessment toolbox. Results from simulations performed with several of the tools in the impacts assessment toolbox are presented and discussed. After initially attempting model integration with the public domain, GIS-based modeling framework Modular Modeling System/Object User Interface (MMS/OUI), frustration with the framework’s lack of flexibility to handle monthly timestep models prompted development of a common geodatabase to allow linkage of model input and output for the linked simulation models. A GIS-based data browser was also developed that works with both network flow models and makes calls to a model post-processor that shows model output for each selected node in each model network. This data and output browser system is flexible and can readily accommodate future changes in the model network configuration and in the model database. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Modelling & Software is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - WATER resources development
KW  - AGRICULTURE
KW  - ACCLIMATIZATION
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Impact assessment
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Water resources
N1  - Accession Number: 11733184; Quinn, N.W.T. 1,2; Email Address: nwquinn@lbl.gov Brekke, L.D. 2 Miller, N.L. 1 Heinzer, T. 3 Hidalgo, H. 2 Dracup, J.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institute for Environmental Science and Engineering, University of California, 412 O’Brien Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: United States Bureau of Reclamation, 2800 Cottage Way, Sacramento, CA 95825, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p305; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: WATER resources development; Subject Term: AGRICULTURE; Subject Term: ACCLIMATIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water resources; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1364-8152(03)00155-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Toose, L.
AU  - Woodfine, D.G.
AU  - MacLeod, M.
AU  - Mackay, D.
AU  - Gouin, J.
T1  - BETR-World: a geographically explicit model of chemical fate: application to transport of α-HCH to the Arctic
JO  - Environmental Pollution
JF  - Environmental Pollution
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 128
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 02697491
AB  - The Berkeley–Trent (BETR)-World model, a 25 compartment, geographically explicit fugacity-based model is described and applied to evaluate the transport of chemicals from temperate source regions to receptor regions (such as the Arctic). The model was parameterized using GIS and an array of digital data on weather, oceans, freshwater, vegetation and geo-political boundaries. This version of the BETR model framework includes modification of atmospheric degradation rates by seasonally variable hydroxyl radical concentrations and temperature. Degradation rates in all other compartments vary with seasonally changing temperature. Deposition to the deep ocean has been included as a loss mechanism. A case study was undertaken for α-HCH. Dynamic emission scenarios were estimated for each of the 25 regions. Predicted environmental concentrations showed good agreement with measured values for the northern regions in air, and fresh and oceanic water and with the results from a previous model of global chemical fate. Potential for long-range transport and deposition to the Arctic region was assessed using a Transfer Efficiency combined with estimated emissions. European regions and the Orient including China have a high potential to contribute α-HCH contamination in the Arctic due to high rates of emission in these regions despite low Transfer Efficiencies. Sensitivity analyses reveal that the performance and reliability of the model is strongly influenced by parameters controlling degradation rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Pollution is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Radicals (Chemistry)
KW  - China
KW  - Alpha-HCH
KW  - Fugacity
KW  - Global
KW  - Long-range transport
KW  - Model
N1  - Accession Number: 11606441; Toose, L. 1; Woodfine, D.G. 1; MacLeod, M. 2; Mackay, D. 1; Email Address: dmackay@trentu.ca; Gouin, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Canadian Environmental Modelling Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, K9J 7B8; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R3058, Berkeley, CA, 94720-8132, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1/2, p223; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject Term: Chemicals; Subject Term: Radicals (Chemistry); Subject: China; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha-HCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fugacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long-range transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.08.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prevedouros, Konstantinos
AU  - MacLeod, Matthew
AU  - Jones, Kevin C.
AU  - Sweetman, Andrew J.
T1  - Modelling the fate of persistent organic pollutants in Europe: parameterisation of a gridded distribution model
JO  - Environmental Pollution
JF  - Environmental Pollution
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 128
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 02697491
AB  - A regionally segmented multimedia fate model for the European continent is described together with an illustrative steady-state case study examining the fate of γ-HCH (lindane) based on 1998 emission data. The study builds on the regionally segmented BETR North America model structure and describes the regional segmentation and parameterisation for Europe. The European continent is described by a 5°×5° grid, leading to 50 regions together with four perimetric boxes representing regions buffering the European environment. Each zone comprises seven compartments including; upper and lower atmosphere, soil, vegetation, fresh water and sediment and coastal water. Inter-regions flows of air and water are described, exploiting information originating from GIS databases and other georeferenced data. The model is primarily designed to describe the fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) within the European environment by examining chemical partitioning and degradation in each region, and inter-region transport either under steady-state conditions or fully dynamically. A test case scenario is presented which examines the fate of estimated spatially resolved atmospheric emissions of lindane throughout Europe within the lower atmosphere and surface soil compartments. In accordance with the predominant wind direction in Europe, the model predicts high concentrations close to the major sources as well as towards Central and Northeast regions. Elevated soil concentrations in Scandinavian soils provide further evidence of the potential of increased scavenging by forests and subsequent accumulation by organic-rich terrestrial surfaces. Initial model predictions have revealed a factor of 5–10 underestimation of lindane concentrations in the atmosphere. This is explained by an underestimation of source strength and/or an underestimation of European background levels. The model presented can further be used to predict deposition fluxes and chemical inventories, and it can also be adapted to provide characteristic travel distances and overall environmental persistence, which can be compared with other long-range transport prediction methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Pollution is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lindane
KW  - Environmentalism
KW  - North America
KW  - Europe
KW  - γ
KW  - -HCH
KW  - European distribution model
KW  - Fugacity
KW  - POPs
KW  - STEADY-STATE
N1  - Accession Number: 11606443; Prevedouros, Konstantinos 1; MacLeod, Matthew 2; Jones, Kevin C. 1; Sweetman, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: a.sweetman@lancaster.ac.uk; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Science Department, Institute of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1/2, p251; Thesaurus Term: Lindane; Thesaurus Term: Environmentalism; Subject: North America; Subject: Europe; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ; Author-Supplied Keyword: -HCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: European distribution model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fugacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: POPs; Author-Supplied Keyword: STEADY-STATE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.08.041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Chris G.
AU  - Folks, Karen
AU  - Mathews, Sandra
AU  - Martinelli, Roger
T1  - Investigating Sources of Toxicity in Stormwater: Algae Mortality in Runoff Upstream of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
JO  - Environmental Practice
JF  - Environmental Practice
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 35
SN  - 14660474
AB  - A source evaluation case study is presented for observations of algae toxicity in an intermittent stream passing through the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory near Livermore, California. A five-step procedure is discussed to determine the cause of water toxicity problems and to determine appropriate environmental management practices. With this approach, an upstream electrical transfer station was identified as the probable source of herbicides causing the toxicity. In addition, an analytical solution for solute transport in overland flow was used to estimate the application level of 40 kg/ha. Finally, this source investigation demonstrates that pesticides can affect stream water quality, regardless of application within levels suggested on manufacturer labels. Environmental managers need to ensure that pesticides that could harm aquatic organisms (including algae) not be used near streams or storm drainage areas, and that application timing should be considered for environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Practice is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Water -- Composition
KW  - Toxic algae -- Toxicology
KW  - Stormwater infiltration
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Environmental policy
N1  - Accession Number: 14175972; Campbell, Chris G. 1; Email Address: CGCampbell@lbl.gov; Folks, Karen 1; Mathews, Sandra 1; Martinelli, Roger 2; Affiliations: 1: Water Guidance and Monitoring Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; 2: Health and Ecological Asessment Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Livermore, California; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p23; Thesaurus Term: Herbicides; Thesaurus Term: Pesticides; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Thesaurus Term: Water -- Composition; Thesaurus Term: Toxic algae -- Toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Stormwater infiltration; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418390 Agricultural chemical and other farm supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiamin Wan
AU  - Larsen, Joern T.
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Zuoping Zheng
T1  - PH Neutralization and Zonation in Alkaline-Saline Tank Waste Plumes.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1321
EP  - 1329
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - At the Hanford Site in Washington State, the pH values of contaminant plumes resulting from leaking of initially highly alkaline-saline radioactive waste solutions into the subsurface are now found to be substantially neutralized. However, the nature of plume pH neutralization has not previously been understood. As a master geochemical variable, pH needs to be understood in order to predict the fate and transport of contaminants carried by the waste plumes. Through this laboratory study, we found that the plume pH values spanned a broad range from 14 (within the near-source region) down to the value of 7 (lower than the pH value of the initial soil solution) while the plume was still connected to an actively leaking source. We defined two zones within a plume: the silicate dissolution zone (SDZ, pH 14-10) and the neutralized zone (NZ, pH 10-7). Quartz dissolution at elevated temperature and precipitation of secondary silicates (including sodium metasilicate, cancrinite, and zeolites) are the key reactions responsible for the pH neutralization within the SDZ. The rapid and thorough cation exchange of Na+ replacing Ca2+/Mg2+- combined with transport, resulted in a dynamic Ca2+/Mg2+- enriched plume front Subsequent precipitation of calcite, sodium silicate, and possibly talc led to dramatically reduced pH within the plume front and the neutralized zone. During aging (after the plume source became inactive), continued quartz dissolution and the secondary silicate precipitation drove the pH value lower, toward pH 11 at equilibrium within the SDZ, whereas the pH values in the NZ remained relatively unchanged with time. A pH profile of 11 from the plume source to pH 7 at the plume front is expected for a historical plume. This laboratory- based study provided realistic plume pH profiles (consistent with that measured from borehole samples) and identified underlying mechanisms responsible for pH evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Neutralization (Chemistry)
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Developmental biology
KW  - Rock-forming minerals
KW  - Oxide minerals
N1  - Accession Number: 12713608; Jiamin Wan 1; Email Address: jwan@lbl.gov; Larsen, Joern T. 1; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Zuoping Zheng 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p1321; Thesaurus Term: Neutralization (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Developmental biology; Subject Term: Rock-forming minerals; Subject Term: Oxide minerals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Huifang
AU  - Wang, Yifeng
AU  - Zhao, Pihong
AU  - Bourcier, William L.
AU  - van Konynenburg, Richard
AU  - Shaw, Henry F.
T1  - Investigation of Pyrochlore-Based U-Bearing Ceramic Nuclear Waste: Uranium Leaching Test and TEM Observation.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1480
EP  - 1486
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - A durable titanate ceramic waste form (Synroc) with pyrochlore (Ca(U,Pu)Ti2O7) and zirconolite (CaZrTi2O7) as major crystalline phases has been considered to be a candidate for immobilizing various high-level wastes containing fissile elements (239Pu and 235U). Transmission electron microscopy study of a sintered ceramic with stoichiometry of Ca(U0.5Ce0.25Hf0.25)Ti2O7 shows the material contains both pyrochlore and zirconolite phases and structural intergrowth of zirconolite lamellae within pyrochlore. The (001) plane of zirconolite is parallel to the (111) plane of pyrochlore because of their structural similarities. The pyrochlore is relatively rich in U, Ce, and Ca with respect to the coexisting zirconolite. Average compositions for the coexisting pyrochlore and zirconolite at 1350 °C are Ca0.01 (Ce3+0.13Ce4+0.19U0.52Hf0.18)(Ti1.95Hf0.05)O7 (with U/(U + Hf) = 0.72) and (Ca0.91Ce0.09)(Ce3+0.08U0.26Hf0.66Ti0.01)- Ti2.00O7 (with U/(U + Hf) = 0.28), respectively. A single pyrochlore (Ca(U,Hf)Ti2O7) phase may be synthesized at 1350 °C if the ratio of U/(U + Hf) is greater than 0.72, and a single zirconolite (Ca(Hf,U)Ti2O7) phase may be synthesized at 1350 °C if the ratio of U/(U + Hf) is less than 0.28. The synthesized products were used for dissolution tests. The single-pass flow-through dissolution tests show that the dissolution of the U-bearing pyrochlore is incongruent All the elements are released at differing rates. The dissolution data also show a decrease in rate with run time. The results indicate that a diffusion-controlled process may play a key role during the release of U. TEM observation of the leached pyrochlore directly proves that an amorphous leached layer that is rich in Ti and Hf formed on the surface after the ceramic was leached in pH 4 buffered solution for 835 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Synroc
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Electron microscopy
KW  - Buffer solutions
KW  - Ionic solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 12713626; Xu, Huifang 1; Email Address: hfxu@unm.edu; Wang, Yifeng; Zhao, Pihong; Bourcier, William L.; van Konynenburg, Richard; Shaw, Henry F.; Affiliations: 1: Transmission Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131/Sandia National Laboratories, Abuquerque, New Mexico 87185/Lawrence Livermore National laboratory, L-219, Livermore, California 94550.; Issue Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p1480; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Subject Term: Synroc; Subject Term: Ceramics; Subject Term: Electron microscopy; Subject Term: Buffer solutions; Subject Term: Ionic solutions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsen, Tina M.
AU  - Coty, Jessie D.
AU  - Kercher, James R.
T1  - THE SPATIAL EXTENT OF CONTAMINANTS AND THE LANDSCAPE SCALE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE WILDLIFE, CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, AND POPULATION MODELING LITERATURE.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 798
EP  - 811
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Many contaminant releases to the terrestrial environment are of small areal extent. Thus, rather than evaluating the ecological impact on species in the immediate vicinity of the release, it may be more ecologically meaningful to determine if population impacts occur at the landscape level. In order to do this, the cumulative impact of all releases in the landscape under consideration must be evaluated. If the release sites are viewed as localized areas that are no longer available for use by ecological receptors (i.e., no longer part of the habitat), this can be thought of as a form of habitat fragmentation. Habitat fragmentation is typically viewed as the loss of large areas of habitat within a landscape, leaving small isolated patches of intact habitat within a hostile matrix. Small-scale contaminant releases, on the other hand, result in small uninhabitable areas within a primarily intact habitat. With this consideration in mind, we analyzed the wildlife and conservation biology literature to determine if information on habitat size requirements such as home-range or critical patch size could inform us about the potential for impact at the landscape level from release sites based on the size of the release alone. We determined that evaluating the impact of release size had to be conducted within a contextual basis (considering the existing state of the landscape). Therefore, we also reviewed the population modeling literature to determine if models could be developed to further evaluate the impact of the spatial extent of chemical releases on the landscape. We identified individual-based models linked to geographic information systems to have the greatest potential in investigating the role of release size with respect to population impacts at the landscape level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONSERVATION biology
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - WILDLIFE conservation
KW  - CONSERVATION of natural resources
KW  - HABITAT (Ecology)
KW  - Critical patch size
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Home range
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Populations
N1  - Accession Number: 15915234; Carlsen, Tina M. 1; Email Address: carlsen1@llnl.gov Coty, Jessie D. 1 Kercher, James R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p798; Subject Term: CONSERVATION biology; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: WILDLIFE conservation; Subject Term: CONSERVATION of natural resources; Subject Term: HABITAT (Ecology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical patch size; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Home range; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Populations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924120 Administration of Conservation Programs; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gute, Brian D.
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
AU  - Geiss, K.T.
AU  - Basak, S.C.
T1  - Prediction of halocarbon toxicity from structure: a hierarchical QSAR approach
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 16
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
SN  - 13826689
AB  - Mathematical structural invariants and quantum theoretical descriptors have been used extensively in quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) for the estimation of pharmaceutical activities, biological properties, physicochemical properties, and the toxicities of chemicals. Recently our research team has explored the relative importance of various levels of chemodescriptors, i.e. topostructural (TS), topochemical (TC), geometrical (3D), and quantum theoretical descriptors, in property estimation. This study examines the contribution of chemodescriptors ranging from topostructural to quantum theoretic calculations, up to the Gaussian STO-3G level, in predicting the results of six indicators of oxidative stress for a set of 20 halocarbons. Using quantum theoretical calculations in this study is of particular interest as molecular energetics is related to the likelihood of electron attachment and free radical formation, the mechanism of toxicity for these chemicals and should aid in modeling their potential for oxidative stress. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Oxidative stress
KW  - QSAR
N1  - Accession Number: 12381927; Gute, Brian D. 1; Balasubramanian, K. 2,3,4; Geiss, K.T. 5; Basak, S.C. 1; Email Address: sbasak@nrri.umn.edu; Affiliations: 1: Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, 5013 Miller Trunk Hwy., Duluth, MN 55811, USA; 2: Department of Applied Science, University of California Davis, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 3: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-268 Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 4: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 5: Human Effectiveness Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 16 Issue 1/2, p121; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Subject Term: Chemicals; Subject Term: Electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: QSAR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.etap.2003.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abele, H.
AU  - Barberio, E.
AU  - Dubbers, D.
AU  - Glück, F.
AU  - Hardy, J. C.
AU  - Marciano, W. J.
AU  - Serebrov, A.
AU  - Severijns, N.
T1  - Quark mixing, CKM unitarity: The unitarity problem.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - In the Standard Model of elementary particles, quark-mixing is expressed in terms of a 3 x 3 unitary matrix V , the so called Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. Significant unitarity checks are so far possible for the first row of this matrix. This article reviews the experimental and theoretical information on these matrix elements. On the experimental side, we find a 2.2 σ to 2.7 s deviation from unitarity, which conflicts with the Standard Model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - BETA decay
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 16767657; Abele, H. 1 Barberio, E. 2 Dubbers, D. 1 Glück, F. 3 Hardy, J. C. 4 Marciano, W. J. 5 Serebrov, A. 6 Severijns, N. 7; Affiliation:  1: Physikalisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 12, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany  2: Physics Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA  3: Research Institute for Nuclear and Particle Physics, POB 49, 1525, Budapest, Hungary  4: Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, 11973, New York, USA  6: Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, 188350, Gatchina, Leningrad District, Russia  7: Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001, Leuven, Belgium; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: BETA decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2003-015740-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elson, Karen
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
AU  - Simmons, Anthony
AU  - Speck, Peter
T1  - The life span of ganglionic glia in murine sensory ganglia estimated by uptake of bromodeoxyuridine
JO  - Experimental Neurology
JF  - Experimental Neurology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 186
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 00144886
AB  - Studies of ganglionic glia turnover in the sensory nervous system have implications for understanding nervous system maintenance and repair. These glial cells of the sensory ganglia in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprise satellite cells (SCs) and, to a lesser extent, Schwann cells. SCs proliferate in response to trauma such as axotomy; however, the half-life of these glial cells under normal circumstances has not been estimated. To estimate the half-life of sensory ganglionic glial cells, we employed the DNA precursor analog 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to measure the rate of turnover of these cells. BrdU was administered to inbred C57BL6 and outbred Swiss white mice via their drinking water. BrdU incorporation into ganglionic glia in the PNS was estimated by immunofluorescent staining of nervous tissue sections, and the fraction of ganglionic glial cells that acquired BrdU label was measured as a function of time. Mathematical modeling of the rate of uptake of BrdU into murine ganglionic glia enables calculation of the half-life of these cells. The kinetics of BrdU uptake is linear, consistent with ganglionic glia being a homogenous population. The value of the proliferation rate (p) plus death rate (d) derived from the slope of BrdU uptake as a function of time is approximately 2.4 × 10−3 cells per day. Assuming that p = d (because ganglionic glial numbers are in equilibrium and they are assumed to neither emigrate from, or immigrate into, sensory ganglia), then the daily death rate is d = 1.2 × 10−3 cells/day, which implies a half-life for ganglionic glia of about 600 days. Thus murine ganglionic glia in the untraumatized state appear to behave as a homogenous, slowly replicating population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Neurology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SENSORY ganglia
KW  - NEUROGLIA
KW  - BROMODEOXYURIDINE
KW  - NERVOUS system
KW  - Ganglionic glia
KW  - Murine
KW  - Sensory ganglia
N1  - Accession Number: 12311671; Elson, Karen 1 Ribeiro, Ruy M. 2 Perelson, Alan S. 2 Simmons, Anthony 3 Speck, Peter 1; Email Address: peter.speck@imvs.sa.gov.au; Affiliation:  1: Herpes Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Pediatrics and Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, 2.330 Children's Hospital, Galveston, TX 77555-0373, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 186 Issue 1, p99; Subject Term: SENSORY ganglia; Subject Term: NEUROGLIA; Subject Term: BROMODEOXYURIDINE; Subject Term: NERVOUS system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ganglionic glia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Murine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensory ganglia; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.expneurol.2003.10.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dalal, N.S.
AU  - Pierce, K.L.
AU  - Palomar, J.
AU  - Fu, R.
T1  - Very High Resolution 17O NMR Evidence for Displacive Behavior in Hydrogen-Bonded Solids: Squaric Acid.
JO  - Ferroelectrics
JF  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 302
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 273
SN  - 00150193
AB  - Magic angle sample spinning (MAS) 7O NMR studies of the paraelectric-antiferroelectric phase transition (at TC =373 K) of the model hydrogen-bonded compound squaric acid (H2C4O4) reveal a significant displacive component in the microscopic mechanism of the transition. The high resolution (400% enhancement over conventional MAS) was obtained by utilizing single crystals. All four oxygens were clearly shown to be chemically different at T < TC. The peak assignment was supported by quantum theoretical calculations of the 17O isotropic chemical shifts using a pentamer model of the crystal structure. There was a clear break in the isotropic part of the chemical shift on lowering the temperature through TC, implying that the phase transition involves a distortion of the whole H2C4O4 framework, and not just the order-disorder rearrangement of the H's i.e., future models of the transition should include a displacive component, in addition to an order-disorder part. The observation of the double at T > TC implies that the [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR association
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - hydrogen bonded solids
KW  - NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 14251081; Dalal, N.S. 1,2; Email Address: dalal@chem.fsu.edu Pierce, K.L. 1 Palomar, J. 1,3 Fu, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390  3: Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 302 Issue 1, p269; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen bonded solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00150190490456141
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chi-Leung So, Donn
AU  - Via, Brian K.
AU  - Groom, Leslie H.
AU  - Schimleck, Laurence R.
AU  - Shupe, Todd F.
AU  - Kelley, Stephen S.
AU  - Rials, Timothy G.
T1  - NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY IN THE FOREST PRODUCTS INDUSTRY. (cover story)
JO  - Forest Products Journal
JF  - Forest Products Journal
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 54
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 16
PB  - Forest Products Society
SN  - 00157473
AB  - Discusses the efficiency of near infrared spectroscopy in material assessment in the forest products industry.  Implication of the use of near infrared spectroscopy technologies for wood quality; Capabilities of near infrared spectroscopy; Application of multivariate analysis in calibration model development.
KW  - Forest products industry
KW  - Near infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Industrial equipment
KW  - Multivariate analysis
KW  - Wood -- Quality
KW  - Industrial efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 12595251; Chi-Leung So, Donn 1; Via, Brian K. 2; Groom, Leslie H. 3; Schimleck, Laurence R. 4; Shupe, Todd F. 5; Kelley, Stephen S. 6; Rials, Timothy G. 7; Affiliations: 1: Postdoctoral Researcher, School of Renewable Natural Resources, LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; 2: School of Renewable Natural Resources, LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; 3: Project Leader, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360; 4: Assistant Professor, Warnell School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; 5: Associate Professor, School of Renewable Natural Resources, LSU Agricultural Center; 6: Principal Scientist, National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401; 7: Director, Tennessee Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, 2506 Jacob Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 54 Issue 3, p6; Thesaurus Term: Forest products industry; Subject Term: Near infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: Industrial equipment; Subject Term: Multivariate analysis; Subject Term: Wood -- Quality; Subject Term: Industrial efficiency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 113210 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484223 Forest products trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321999 All Other Miscellaneous Wood Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321113 Sawmills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484233 Forest products trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ovcharenko, Ivan
AU  - Loots, Gabriela G.
AU  - Hardison, Ross C.
AU  - Miller, Webb
AU  - Stubbs, Lisa
T1  - ZPicture: Dynamic Alignment and Visualization Tool for Analyzing Conservation Profiles.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 472
EP  - 477
SN  - 10889051
AB  - Describes the use of comparative sequence analysis in identifying functional coding and noncoding elements conserved throughout evolution in the U.S.  Presence of conserved transcription factor-binding sites; Adjustment of the threshold levels of conservation; Alignment of the microbial genomes.
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - GENETIC code
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12681678; Ovcharenko, Ivan 1,2 Loots, Gabriela G. 2 Hardison, Ross C. 3 Miller, Webb 4,5 Stubbs, Lisa 2; Email Address: stubbs5@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy, Environment, Biology and Institutional Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA  2: Genome Biology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA  3: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA  4: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA  5: Department of Biology, The Pennysylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p472; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: GENETIC code; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1101/gr.2129504
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van der Woerd, Jerome
AU  - Owen, Lewis A.
AU  - Tapponnier, Paul
AU  - Xu Xiwei
AU  - Kervyn, François
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
AU  - Barnard, Patrick L.
T1  - Giant, ∼M8 earthquake-triggered ice avalanches in the eastern Kunlun Shan, northern Tibet: Characteristics, nature and dynamics.
JO  - Geological Society of America Bulletin
JF  - Geological Society of America Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar/Apr2004
VL  - 116
IS  - 3-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 394
EP  - 406
SN  - 00167606
AB  - Several giant ice avalanches were initiated by slope failure from ice caps due to strong ground motion during the 14 November 2001 Mw = 7.9 Kokoxili earthquake on the Kunlun fault. Four ice avalanches were identified on the north slope of the Burhan Budai Shan several kilometers east of the Kunlun Pass, and two were identified on the south slope of the eastern Yuxi Feng, which is ∼50 km west of the Kunlun Pass. These ice avalanches originated from steep-sided ice caps and progressed over and past the termini of outlet valley glaciers. In the Burhan Budai Shan, the ice avalanches comprised ice and snow that reached 2-3 km down valley beyond the snouts of the contemporary glaciers. Detailed study of the largest ice avalanche (B2) shows that the initial movement over the contemporary glacier was turbulent in nature, having a velocity >35 ms-1. Beyond the contemporary glacier, the ice avalanche was confined within steep valley walls and entrenched paraglacial fans. Before coming to rest, this ice avalanche moved as a Bing- ham plastic flow at a velocity of ≤21 ms-1. These ice avalanches transported little rock debris, and it is thus unlikely that they are important in contributing to the landscape evolution of this region. Yet, given the appropriate geologic and climatic conditions, ice avalanching may be an important process in the landscape evolution of high mountainous terrains. The frequency of such events is unknown, but such phenomena may become more common in the future as a consequence of increased glacier and slope instability caused by humaninduced climate change. Ice avalanches, therefore, likely constitute a significant geologic hazard in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geological Society of America Bulletin is the property of Geological Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AVALANCHES
KW  - EARTHQUAKES
KW  - GLACIERS
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - KUNLUN Mountains (China & India)
KW  - TIBET (China)
KW  - CHINA
KW  - earthquakes
KW  - glaciers
KW  - ice avalanches
N1  - Accession Number: 12622207; van der Woerd, Jerome 1; Email Address: jerome.vanderwoerd@eost.u-strasbg.fr Owen, Lewis A. 2; Email Address: lewis.owen@ucr.edu Tapponnier, Paul 3 Xu Xiwei 4 Kervyn, François 1 Finkel, Robert C. 2,5 Barnard, Patrick L. 2,5; Affiliation:  1: Tectonic Active, Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg EOST, France  2: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California  3: Laboratoire de Tectonique, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, France  4: China Seismological Bureau  5: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: Mar/Apr2004, Vol. 116 Issue 3-4, p394; Subject Term: AVALANCHES; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKES; Subject Term: GLACIERS; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: KUNLUN Mountains (China & India); Subject Term: TIBET (China); Subject Term: CHINA; Author-Supplied Keyword: earthquakes; Author-Supplied Keyword: glaciers; Author-Supplied Keyword: ice avalanches; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 21 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1130/B25317.1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stock, Greg M.
AU  - Anderson, Robert S.
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
T1  - Pace of landscape evolution in the Sierra Nevada, California, revealed by cosmogenic dating of cave sediments.
JO  - Geology
JF  - Geology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 196
SN  - 00917613
AB  - We report 26Al/10Be based ages of Sierra Nevada caves that constrain detailed late Pliocene and Quaternary river incision histories for five river canyons. Rapid incision of ∼0.2 mm/yr from 2.7 to ca. 1.5 Ma slowed markedly to ∼0.03 mm/yr thereafter, likely reflecting the combined effects of a transient erosional response to Pliocene rock uplift and periodic mantling of riverbeds with glacially derived sediment in the late Quaternary. While ∼400 m of incision has occurred in the past 2.7 m.y., outpacing interfluve erosion and thereby increasing the local relief, canyons as deep as 1.6 km existed prior to that time. These new erosion rates strengthen the case for tectonically driven late Cenozoic uplift. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geology is the property of Geological Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANDSCAPES
KW  - EVOLUTIONARY theories
KW  - COSMOGONY
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - SIERRA Nevada (Calif. & Nev.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - bedrock incision
KW  - caves
KW  - cosmogenic dating
N1  - Accession Number: 12592244; Stock, Greg M. 1 Anderson, Robert S. 1,2 Finkel, Robert C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz  2: Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado  3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry and Geosciences and Environmental Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p193; Subject Term: LANDSCAPES; Subject Term: EVOLUTIONARY theories; Subject Term: COSMOGONY; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: SIERRA Nevada (Calif. & Nev.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: bedrock incision; Author-Supplied Keyword: caves; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmogenic dating; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1130/G20197.1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bondár, István
AU  - Myers, Stephen C.
AU  - Engdahl, E. Robert
AU  - Bergman, Eric A.
T1  - Epicentre accuracy based on seismic network criteria.
JO  - Geophysical Journal International
JF  - Geophysical Journal International
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 156
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
EP  - 496
SN  - 0956540X
AB  - We establish reliable and conservative estimates for epicentre location accuracy using data that are readily available in published seismic bulletins. A large variety of seismic studies rely on catalogues of event locations, making proper assessment of location uncertainty critical. Event location and uncertainty parameters in most global, regional and national earthquake catalogues are obtained from traditional linearized inversion methods using a 1-D Earth model to predict traveltimes. Reported catalogue uncertainties are based on the assumption that error processes are Gaussian, zero mean and uncorrelated. Unfortunately, these assumptions are commonly violated, leading to the underestimation of true location uncertainty, especially at high confidence levels. We find that catalogue location accuracy is most reliably estimated by station geometry. We make use of two explosions with exactly known epicentres to develop local network location (0°–2.5°) accuracy criteria. Using Monte Carlo simulations of network geometry, we find that local network locations are accurate to within 5 km with a 95 per cent confidence level when the network meets the following criteria: (1) there are 10 or more stations, all within 250 km, (2) an azimuthal gap of less than 110°, (3) a secondary azimuthal gap of less than 160° and (4) at least one station within 30 km. To derive location accuracy criteria for near-regional (2.5°–10°), regional (2.5°–20°) and teleseismic (28°–91°) networks, we use a large data set of exceptionally well-located earthquakes and nuclear explosions. Beyond local distances, we find that the secondary azimuthal gap is sufficient to constrain epicentre accuracy, and location error increases when the secondary azimuthal gap exceeds 120°. When station coverage meets the criterion of a secondary azimuth gap of less than 120°, near-regional networks provide 20 km accuracy at the 90 per cent confidence level, while regional and teleseismic networks provide 25 km accuracy at the 90 per cent confidence level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geophysical Journal International is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEISMIC traveltime inversion
KW  - INVERSION (Geophysics)
KW  - SEISMOLOGY
KW  - EARTHQUAKES
KW  - GEODYNAMICS
KW  - GAUSSIAN distribution
KW  - Epicentre accuracy
KW  - seismic calibration.
N1  - Accession Number: 12336108; Bondár, István 1; Email Address: Istvan.K.Bondar@saic.com Myers, Stephen C. 2; Email Address: smyers@llnl.gov Engdahl, E. Robert 3; Email Address: engdahl@colorado.edu Bergman, Eric A. 4; Email Address: bergman@seismo.com; Affiliation:  1: Science Applications International Corporation, Mail Stop 2-1, 1953 Gallows Road, Suite 260, Vienna, VA 22182, USA.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550-9234, USA.  3: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Campus Box 390 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0390, USA.  4: Global Sismological Services, 601 16 th Street, #C390, Golden, CO 80401, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 156 Issue 3, p483; Subject Term: SEISMIC traveltime inversion; Subject Term: INVERSION (Geophysics); Subject Term: SEISMOLOGY; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKES; Subject Term: GEODYNAMICS; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epicentre accuracy; Author-Supplied Keyword: seismic calibration.; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02070.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Covey, Curt
AU  - Achutarao, Krishna M.
AU  - Gleckler, Peter J.
AU  - Phillips, Thomas J.
AU  - Taylor, Karl E.
AU  - Wehner, Michael F.
T1  - Coupled ocean-atmosphere climate simulations compared with simulations using prescribed sea surface temperature: effect of a “perfect ocean”
JO  - Global & Planetary Change
JF  - Global & Planetary Change
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09218181
AB  - Results from atmospheric general circulation models, run with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice amounts set to observed values for the period 1979–1994, can be compared with “control run” simulations by the same atmosphere models coupled to interactive ocean and sea ice models. The simulations with prescribed SSTs and sea ice are available from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP), and coupled ocean-atmosphere simulations are available from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). We compare CMIP runs from two coupled models sharing a common atmosphere component (but different ocean components) with the atmosphere component''s AMIP run. All three simulations have similar errors that presumably originate in the atmosphere component. Replacing the observed SSTs and sea ice amounts in the AMIP simulation with the interactive submodels used in the CMIP simulations tends to degrade the level of agreement with climate observations. Increases in root-mean-square (RMS) errors, however, are mostly less than 30% and often less than 10% of the magnitude of natural climate variations. Exceptions to this rule occur mainly in the tropics, most notably for geopotential height at 500 hPa and for temperature near the tropopause. These variables show increases in RMS errors that are comparable to observational standard deviations. The coupled model simulations are taken from the end of 300 year control runs without flux “corrections” at the ocean-atmosphere interface. Their similarity to results from the prescribed SST atmosphere model implies that modern coupled models can maintain stable multicentury simulations without flux adjustments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Global & Planetary Change is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Standard deviations
KW  - AMIP
KW  - CMIP
KW  - Sea surface temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 12236047; Covey, Curt; Email Address: covey1@llnl.gov; Achutarao, Krishna M. 1; Gleckler, Peter J. 1; Phillips, Thomas J. 1; Taylor, Karl E. 1; Wehner, Michael F.; Affiliations: 1: Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, L-103, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Atmosphere; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Subject Term: Standard deviations; Author-Supplied Keyword: AMIP; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMIP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sea surface temperature; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, Jordan F.
AU  - Hudson, G. Bryant
AU  - Davisson, M. Lee
AU  - Woodside, Greg
AU  - Herndon, Roy
T1  - Geochemical Imaging of Flow Near an Artificial Recharge Facility, Orange County, California.
JO  - Ground Water
JF  - Ground Water
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar/Apr2004
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
EP  - 174
SN  - 0017467X
AB  - Critical for the management of artificial recharge operations is detailed knowledge of ground water dynamics near spreading areas. Geochemical tracer techniques including stable isotopes of water, tritium/helium-3 (T/3;He) dating, and deliberate gas tracer experiments are ideally suited for these investigations. These tracers were used to evaluate flow near an artificial recharge site in northern Orange County, California, where ∼2.5 x 108 m³ (200,000 acre-feet) of water are recharged annually. T/³He ages show that most of the relatively shallow ground water within 3 km of the recharge facilities have apparent ages < 2 years; further downgradient apparent ages increase, reaching > 20 years at ∼6 km. Gas tracer experiments using sulfur hexafluoride and xenon isotopes were conducted from the Santa Ana River and two spreading basins. These tracers were followed in the ground water for more than two years, allowing subsurface flow patterns and flow times to be quantified. Results demonstrate that mean horizontal ground water velocities range from < 1 to > 4 km/year. The leading edges of the tracer patch moved at velocities about twice as fast as the center of mass. Leading edge velocities are important when considering the potential transport of microbes and other "time sensitive" contaminants and cannot be determined easily with other methods. T/3; He apparent ages and tracer travel times agreed within the analytical uncertainty at 16 of 19 narrow screened monitoring wells. By combining these techniques, ground water flow was imaged with time scales on the order of weeks to decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL groundwater recharge
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - GROUNDWATER tracers
KW  - ORANGE County (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12825867; Clark, Jordan F. 1; Email Address: jfclark@geol.ucsb.edu Hudson, G. Bryant 2 Davisson, M. Lee 3 Woodside, Greg 4 Herndon, Roy 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106  2: Analytical and Nuclear Chemistry Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  4: Orange County Water District, Fountain Valley, CA 92728; Source Info: Mar/Apr2004, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p167; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL groundwater recharge; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER tracers; Subject Term: ORANGE County (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs, 3 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loubeyre, P.
AU  - Celljers, P. M.
AU  - Hicks, D. G.
AU  - Henry, E.
AU  - Dewaele, A.
AU  - Pasley, J.
AU  - Eggert, J.
AU  - Koenig, M.
AU  - Occellki, F.
AU  - Lee, K. M.
AU  - Jeanloz, R.
AU  - Neely, D.
AU  - A. Benuzzi-Mounaix
AU  - Bradley, D.
AU  - Bastea, M.
AU  - Moon, Steve
AU  - Collins, G. W.
T1  - Coupling static and dynamic compressions: first measurements in dense hydrogen.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 31
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - We demonstrate here a laser-driven shock wave in a hydrogen sample, pre-compressed in a diamond anvil cell. The compression factors of the dynamic and static techniques are multiplied. This approach allows access to a family of Hugoniot curves which span the P-T phase diagram of fluid hydrogen to high density. In this first-of-its-kind experiment, two hydrogen Hugoniot curves have been partially followed starting from pre-compression at pressures of 0.7 GPa and 1.2 GPa. Optical reflectance probing at two wavelengths reveals the onset of the conducting fluid state. The boundary line to conducting fluid hydrogen is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN -- Analysis
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Metallization
KW  - Shock compression
N1  - Accession Number: 13073128; Loubeyre, P. 1; Email Address: pauI.Ioubeyre@cea.fr Celljers, P. M. 2 Hicks, D. G. 2 Henry, E. 3 Dewaele, A. 1 Pasley, J. 4 Eggert, J. 2 Koenig, M. 5 Occellki, F. 1 Lee, K. M. 6 Jeanloz, R. 6 Neely, D. 4 A. Benuzzi-Mounaix 5 Bradley, D. 4 Bastea, M. 2 Moon, Steve 2 Collins, G. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Département de Physique Théorique et Applications, CEA, Commissariat à l`Energie Atomique, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.  3: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Milano-Biocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.  4: Central Laser Facility CLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.  5: LULI Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France.  6: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-476 7, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: HYDROGEN -- Analysis; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock compression; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08957950310001635792
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pasternak, Moshe P.
AU  - Rozenberg, Gregory Kh.
AU  - Xu, Weiming M.
AU  - Taylor, R. Dean
T1  - Effect of very high pressure on the magnetic state of transition metal compounds.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 43
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - By simultaneously combining the methods of X-ray diffraction for structural phase transitions and EOS measurements, 57 Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy as a site-sensitive probe, and resistivity measurements for studying insulating-metal transitions, we are able to study the effect of extreme pressures and at varying temperature on magnetic and electronic properties of transition metal compounds. Studies are carried out with specially tailored diamond anvils and diamond anvil cells, reaching pressures beyond 100 GPa. From our studies, we can investigate the most basic phenomenon of the quantum effect of magnetism in insulating antiferromagnets, the Mott insulators, such as high to low spin crossovers, quenching of the magnetic moments' orbital term, and the collapse of the Mott-Hubbard state. Examples of these phenomena will be given in cases of ferrous and ferric oxides, ferrous-halides and the rare-earth iron perovskites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metal compounds
KW  - METALS -- Magnetic properties
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - TEMPERATURE control
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Correlated-system
KW  - High-pressure
KW  - Hyperfine-interaction
KW  - Magnetism
KW  - Phase-transition
KW  - Transition-metal compound
N1  - Accession Number: 13073121; Pasternak, Moshe P. 1; Email Address: moshepa@post.tau.ac.il Rozenberg, Gregory Kh. 1 Xu, Weiming M. 1 Taylor, R. Dean 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.  2: MST-10, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal compounds; Subject Term: METALS -- Magnetic properties; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE control; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Correlated-system; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperfine-interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase-transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition-metal compound; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08957950310001635783
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelljs, W. J.
T1  - Systematics of the metallization of low-Z and alkali fluids.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 91
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, cesium, and rubidium undergo nonmetal-metal (NMM) transitions in the degenerate warm fluid phase. It is quite likely that all these fluids are monatomic or very nearly so. For N, O, and H, these NMM transitions occur under quasi-isentropic compression to ∼100 GPa (1 Mbar) pressures and densities of ∼10 times initial liquid density in the case of H. These conditions were achieved with a two-stage gun. In the cases of Cs and Rb, these transitions occur at only ∼0.01 GPa in the expanded fluid at 2000 K. These NMM transitions are Mott transitions. The values of the minimum metallic conductivities are essentially the same for all five because minimum metallic conductivity depends weakly on density of metallization and number of conduction electrons per atom. In contrast, the density dependences of the semiconductivities are very different. In the spirit of Mott, quantum mechanical wave functions of the free atoms are used to estimate the densities at which semiconductivies are appreciable. The radial extents of the charge-density distributions are well correlated with the Mott-scaled density dependences of the semiconductivities. These radial extents depend on the degree to which the filled-electron core screens the valence electron(s) from the nuclear Coulomb force. This simple picture gives a qualitative explanation for the density dependences of the semiconductivities of all five and for the Herzfeld criterion, which predates quantum mechanics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Alkalis
KW  - Diatomics
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Mott transition
KW  - Quasi-isentrope
N1  - Accession Number: 13073123; Nelljs, W. J. 1; Email Address: nellisi1@IInI.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p87; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkalis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diatomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mott transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-isentrope; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08957950410001661918
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Walker, Iain
T1  - Zero Home Energy?
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar/Apr2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 2
EP  - 2
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Talks about the plans devoted to fund the building industry in developing the new technology required to achieve zero-energy homes as of April 2004.  Definition of zero energy; Design considerations for zero-energy homes; Reason why more zero-energy homes are not built.
KW  - Construction industry
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Technology
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Housing
N1  - Accession Number: 12601229; Walker, Iain 1; Affiliations: 1: Researcher, Indoor Environmental Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar/Apr2004, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p2; Thesaurus Term: Construction industry; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Thesaurus Term: Energy conservation; Subject Term: Housing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236110 Residential building construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624229 Other Community Housing Services; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, D. E.
AU  - Toellner, T. S.
AU  - Sturhahn, W.
AU  - Alp, E. E.
AU  - Hu, M.
AU  - Kruk, R.
AU  - Rogacki, K.
AU  - Canfield, P. C.
T1  - Partial Phonon Density of States of Dysprosium and its Compounds Measured Using Inelastic Nuclear Resonance Scattering.
JO  - Hyperfine Interactions
JF  - Hyperfine Interactions
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 153
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 24
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 03043843
AB  - Inelastic nuclear resonance scattering measurements, utilizing a submilli eV monochromator, were performed on natural Dy metal, dysprosium oxide, and intermetallic Laves and Chevrel phase dysprosium compounds. The inelastic spectrum directly yields the partial phonon density of states, and thus provides a wealth of information about the modes of vibration occurring in a lattice at the Mössbauer Dy site. The extraction of the partial phonon density of states from a broad range of materials containing dysprosium demonstrates the feasibility of material science studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Hyperfine Interactions is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - DYSPROSIUM
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - MOSSBAUER spectroscopy
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - RARE earths
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Dy
KW  - dysprosium
KW  - inelastic nuclear resonance scattering
KW  - lattice vibrations
KW  - Mössbauer
KW  - Mössbauer
KW  - phonon density of states
N1  - Accession Number: 15104331; Brown, D. E. 1 Toellner, T. S. 2 Sturhahn, W. 2 Alp, E. E. 2 Hu, M. 2 Kruk, R. 3 Rogacki, K. 4 Canfield, P. C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, USA  3: Institute of Nuclear Physics, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland  4: Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, PL-50950 Wroclaw, Poland  5: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 153 Issue 1-4, p17; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: DYSPROSIUM; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: MOSSBAUER spectroscopy; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: RARE earths; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dy; Author-Supplied Keyword: dysprosium; Author-Supplied Keyword: inelastic nuclear resonance scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: lattice vibrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mössbauer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mössbauer; Author-Supplied Keyword: phonon density of states; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crivelli, Silvia
AU  - Head-Gordon, Teresa
T1  - A new load-balancing strategy for the solution of dynamical large-tree- search problems using a hierarchical approach.
JO  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
JF  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 160
SN  - 00188646
AB  - We describe a new load-balancing strategy,applied here to the protein structure prediction problem, for improving the efficiency of the hierarchical approach when dealing with coarse-grained problems associated with large tree searches. Unlike other load-balancing strategies that reassign load from the heavily loaded processors to the lightly loaded or idle ones, the proposed strategy changes the virtual communication tree among the processors as the computational tree changes. The strategy incurs minimal overhead and is scalable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IBM Journal of Research & Development is the property of IBM Corporation/IBM Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - COMPUTER science
N1  - Accession Number: 12908440; Crivelli, Silvia 1; Email Address: SNCrivelli@lbl.gov Head-Gordon, Teresa 2; Email Address: TLHeadGordon@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p153; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PERSONAL computers; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fann, George
AU  - Beylkin, Gregory
AU  - Harrison, Robert J.
AU  - Jordan, Kirk E.
T1  - Singular operators in multiwavelet bases.
JO  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
JF  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 171
SN  - 00188646
AB  - We review some recent results on multiwavelet methods for solving integral and partial differential equations and present an efficient representation of operators using discontinuous multiwavelet bases, including the case for singular integral operators. Numerical calculus using these representations produces fast O (N )methods for multiscale solution of integral equations when combined with low separation rank methods. Using this formulation, we compute the Hilbert transform and solve the Poisson and Schrödinger equations. For a fixed order of multiwavelets and for arbitrary but finite-precision computations, the computational complexity is O (N ). The computational structures are similar to fast multipole methods but are more generic in yielding fast O (N )algorithm development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IBM Journal of Research & Development is the property of IBM Corporation/IBM Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVELETS (Mathematics)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12908425; Fann, George 1; Email Address: gif@ornl.gov Beylkin, Gregory 2; Email Address: beylkin@colorado.edu Harrison, Robert J. 3; Email Address: harrisonrj@ornl.gov Jordan, Kirk E. 4; Email Address: kjordan@us.ibm.com; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309  3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: IBM Life Sciences Solutions, One Rogers Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p161; Subject Term: WAVELETS (Mathematics); Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kramer, William T. C.
AU  - Shoshani, Arie
AU  - Agarwal, Deborah A.
AU  - Draney, Brent R.
AU  - Jin, Guojun
AU  - Butler, Gregory F.
AU  - Hules, John A.
T1  - Deep scientific computing requires deep data.
JO  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
JF  - IBM Journal of Research & Development
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 232
SN  - 00188646
AB  - Increasingly, scientific advances require the fusion of large amounts of complex data with extraordinary amounts of computational power. The problems of deep science demand deep computing and deep storage resources. In addition to teraflop-range computing engines with their own local storage, facilities must provide large data repositories of the order of 10--100 petabytes, and networking to allow the movement of multi-terabyte files in a timely and secure manner. This paper examines such problems and identfies associated challenges. The paper discusses some of the storage systems and data management methods that are needed for computing facilities to address the challenges and describes some ongoing improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IBM Journal of Research & Development is the property of IBM Corporation/IBM Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - COMPUTER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12908455; Kramer, William T. C. 1; Email Address: WTKramer@lbl.gov Shoshani, Arie 2; Email Address: AShoshani@lbl.gov Agarwal, Deborah A. 2; Email Address: DAAgarwal@lbl.gov Draney, Brent R. 1; Email Address: BRDraney@lbl.gov Jin, Guojun 2; Email Address: G_Jin@lbl.gov Butler, Gregory F. 1; Email Address: GFButler@lbl.gov Hules, John A. 3; Email Address: JAHules@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Research Scientific Computing (NERSC) Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Information Technologies and Services Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p209; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 7 Color Photographs, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasquez, Jose
AU  - Rodriguez, Victor
AU  - Reagor, David
T1  - Underground Wireless Communications Using High-Temperature Superconducting Receivers.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
EP  - 53
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The authors have developed a method for communicating in underground areas with voice. This system utilizes low-frequency electromagnetic radiation and high-temperature superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) as receivers. The system is primarily used to communicate in underground areas using through-the-earth electromagnetic waves. The underground areas are typically mines, but the application is not restricted to that purpose. The communication channel is being used to send voice that has been digitally compressed. Typical rock masses do not allow conventional radio frequency electromagnetic waves to penetrate significant distances. Here, the authors use carrier frequencies of a few kilohertz that penetrate hundreds of meters into rock masses. They are using low-noise broadband superconducting receivers and have established that the signals propagate several hundred meters with modest power levels. Audio has been successfully received at distances in excess of 100 m through solid rock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC theory
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - FREQUENCY meters
KW  - Audio coding
KW  - digital communication
KW  - high-temperature superconductors
KW  - propagation of radio waves
KW  - superconducting device noise
KW  - superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs)
KW  - underground electromagnetic propagation.
N1  - Accession Number: 13046656; Vasquez, Jose 1 Rodriguez, Victor 1 Reagor, David 1; Affiliation:  1: LOS Alamos National Laboratory, Los 87545 USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p46; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC theory; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: FREQUENCY meters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Audio coding; Author-Supplied Keyword: digital communication; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-temperature superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: propagation of radio waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting device noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs); Author-Supplied Keyword: underground electromagnetic propagation.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.824335
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strologas, John
AU  - Hess, Karl
T1  - Diffusion Capacitance and Laser Diodes.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 506
EP  - 509
SN  - 00189383
AB  - The well-known diffusion capacitance is critical in determining the modulation response of p-n junctions and particularly of laser diodes. In this brief, we investigate the diffusion capacitance of a diode, as a function of the physical length of the diode and the carrier lifetimes in the narrow active region. We show that diode length and lifetime together, and not just the lifetime (which is well known), determine the bandwidth of the diode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIODES
KW  - ELECTRONS -- Diffusion
KW  - ELECTRIC capacity
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR junctions
KW  - MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - depletion capacitance
KW  - diffusion capacitance
KW  - diode length
KW  - Index Terms-Carrier lifetime
KW  - laser diode
KW  - modulation response.
N1  - Accession Number: 12871773; Strologas, John 1; Email Address: strolog@fnal.gov Hess, Karl 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA, and Physics and Astronomy Department of the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.  2: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department and the Beckman Institute, University Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801 USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p506; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: ELECTRONS -- Diffusion; Subject Term: ELECTRIC capacity; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR junctions; Subject Term: MODULATION-doped field-effect transistors; Subject Term: BANDWIDTHS; Author-Supplied Keyword: depletion capacitance; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion capacitance; Author-Supplied Keyword: diode length; Author-Supplied Keyword: Index Terms-Carrier lifetime; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser diode; Author-Supplied Keyword: modulation response.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 109/TED.2003.822345
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinyi Qi
T1  - Analysis of Lesion Detectability in Bayesian Emission Reconstruction With Nonstationary Object Variability.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 329
SN  - 02780062
AB  - Bayesian methods based on the maximum a posteriori principle (also called penalized maximum-likelihood methods) have been developed to improve image quality in emission tomography. To explore the full potential of Bayesian reconstruction for lesion detection, we derive simplified theoretical expressions that allow fast evaluation of the delectability of a lesion in Bayesian reconstruction. This work is builded on the recent progress on the theoretical analysis of image properties of statistical reconstructions and the development of numerical observers. We explicitly model the nonstationary variation of the lesion and background without assuming that they are locally stationary. The results can be used to choose the optimum prior parameters for the maximum lesion detectability. The theoretical results are validated using Monte Carlo simulations. The comparisons show good agreement between the theoretical predictions and the Monte Carlo results. We also demonstrate that the lesion detectability can be reliably estimated using one noisy data set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRECANCEROUS conditions
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - Bayesian reconstruction
KW  - emission tomography
KW  - lesion detection
KW  - maximum a posteriori
KW  - penalized maximum-likelihood.
N1  - Accession Number: 12657375; Jinyi Qi 1; Email Address: JQi@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p321; Subject Term: PRECANCEROUS conditions; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: emission tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: lesion detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: maximum a posteriori; Author-Supplied Keyword: penalized maximum-likelihood.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMI.2004.824239
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gui-Jia Su, Iqbal
AU  - McKeever, John W.
T1  - Low-Cost Sensorless Control of Brushless DC Motors With Improved Speed Range.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
EP  - 302
SN  - 08858993
AB  - This paper presents a low-cost position sensorless control scheme for brushless dc motors. Rotor position information is extracted by Indirectly sensing. the back EMF from only one of the three motor-terminal voltages for a three-phase motor. Depending on the terminal voltage sensing locations, either a low-pass filter or a band-pass filter is used for, position information retrieval. This leads to a significant reduction in the component count of the sensing circuit. The cost saving is further increased by coupling the sensing circuit with a single-chip microprocessor or digital signal processor for speed control. In addition, a look-up-tabIe-based correction for the nonideal phase delay introduced by the filter is suggested to ensure accurate position detection even at low speed. This extends the operating speed range and improves motor efficiency. Experimental results are included to verify the proposed scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOTORS
KW  - DIRECT currents
KW  - ROTORS
KW  - SIGNAL processing -- Digital techniques
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - POWER electronics
KW  - Band-pass filter
KW  - brushless dc motors
KW  - digital signal processor
KW  - EMF
KW  - low-pass filter
KW  - rotor
KW  - sensorless control scheme
KW  - single-chip microprocessor.
N1  - Accession Number: 12812592; Gui-Jia Su, Iqbal 1; Email Address: susugj@ornl.gov McKeever, John W. 1; Email Address: mckeeverjw@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Power Electronics and Electric Machinery Research Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p296; Subject Term: MOTORS; Subject Term: DIRECT currents; Subject Term: ROTORS; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing -- Digital techniques; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band-pass filter; Author-Supplied Keyword: brushless dc motors; Author-Supplied Keyword: digital signal processor; Author-Supplied Keyword: EMF; Author-Supplied Keyword: low-pass filter; Author-Supplied Keyword: rotor; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensorless control scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: single-chip microprocessor.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333996 Fluid Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2003.823174
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peng, Fang Z.
AU  - Gui-Jia Su, Fang Z.
AU  - Tolbert, Leon M.
T1  - A Passive Soft-Switching Snubber for PWM Inverters.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 19
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 370
SN  - 08858993
AB  - This paper presents a regenerative passive snubber circuit for pulse-width modulation (PWM) inverters to achieve soft-switching purposes without significant cost and reliability penalties. This passive soft-switching snubber (PSSS) employs a diode/capacitor snubber circuit for each switching device in an inverter to provide low dv/dt and low switching losses to the device. The PSSS further was a transformer-based energy regenerative circuit to recover the energy captured in the snubber capacitors. All components in the PSSS circuit are passive, thus leading to reliable and low-cost advantages over those soft-switching schemes relying on additional active switches. The snubber has been incorporated into a 150 kVA PWM inverter. Simulation and experimental results are given to demonstrate the validity and features of the snubber circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC inverters
KW  - PULSE-width modulation
KW  - SWITCHING circuits
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - DIODES
KW  - POWER electronics
KW  - EMI
KW  - PSSS
KW  - PWM
KW  - soft switching inverters.
N1  - Accession Number: 12812599; Peng, Fang Z. 1; Email Address: fzpeng@egr.msu.edu Gui-Jia Su, Fang Z. 2; Email Address: sugj@ornl.gov Tolbert, Leon M. 3; Email Address: tolbert@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Ml USA.  2: Power Electronics and Electric Machinery Research Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA.  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p363; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inverters; Subject Term: PULSE-width modulation; Subject Term: SWITCHING circuits; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: EMI; Author-Supplied Keyword: PSSS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PWM; Author-Supplied Keyword: soft switching inverters.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2003.823204
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Xiaodong
AU  - Tang, Yanjun
AU  - Ji, Haifeng
AU  - Lvov, Yuri
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - Detection of Organophosphates Using an Acetyl Cholinesterase (AChE) Coated Microcantilever.
JO  - Instrumentation Science & Technology
JF  - Instrumentation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 183
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10739149
AB  - A microcantilever modified with a layer of acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) responding to paraoxon is reported in this work. Acetyl cholinesterase was immobilized on a microcantilever through a cross linker to a monolayer on gold surface of the microcantilever. The microcantilever underwent a maximum of 7 nm bending due to the inhibition of AChE by paraoxon that slightly changed the conformation of AChE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Instrumentation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds
KW  - CONFORMATIONAL analysis
KW  - CHOLINESTERASES
KW  - ENZYME inhibitors
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - ESTERASES
KW  - Acetyl cholinesterase (AChE)
KW  - Adsorption-induced stress
KW  - Microcantilever
KW  - Organophosphate detection
KW  - Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs).
N1  - Accession Number: 12453716; Yan, Xiaodong 1 Tang, Yanjun 1 Ji, Haifeng 1; Email Address: hji@chem.latech.edu. Lvov, Yuri 1 Thundat, Thomas 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana, USA.  2: Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p175; Subject Term: ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds; Subject Term: CONFORMATIONAL analysis; Subject Term: CHOLINESTERASES; Subject Term: ENZYME inhibitors; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: ESTERASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acetyl cholinesterase (AChE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption-induced stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organophosphate detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs).; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/CI-120028770
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadolkar, P.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Watkins, T. R.
AU  - Dahotre, N. B.
T1  - Thermographic characterisation of a laser surface engineered ceramic coating on metal.
JO  - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
JF  - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 350
EP  - 357
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 02683768
AB  - Laser-material interactions consist of complex, and generally short-lived, but intense events. Hence, many important aspects and effects of these interactions are not directly measurable, such as temperature distributions within the material. In the present study, the effect of temperature distribution on the residual stresses developed during laser surface engineering of ceramic composite coating on metal has been investigated. Infrared thermography technique has been employed as a means to measure the temperature distribution within the substrate while the laser beam is directed at the surface of the coating. Temperature distribution is generally a function of the laser input parameters, such as the laser beam power and the traverse velocity of the beam. Hence, variation in the temperature distribution and the consequent stresses developed within the composite coating due to the changing input parameters have also been investigated. The rapid processing in complement with precise control of the process based on in-situ thermographic measurements provides numerous opportunities for a high power laser as a advanced manufacturing tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - FINISHES & finishing
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - HIGH power lasers
KW  - COATINGS industry
KW  - THERMOGRAPHY (Copying process)
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Laser
KW  - Residual Stress
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Thermography
N1  - Accession Number: 15360007; Kadolkar, P. 1 Wang, H. 2 Watkins, T. R. 2 Dahotre, N. B. 1; Email Address: ndahotre@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Laser Applications, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA.  2: Diffraction and Thermophysical Properties Group, High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 23 Issue 5/6, p350; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: FINISHES & finishing; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: HIGH power lasers; Subject Term: COATINGS industry; Subject Term: THERMOGRAPHY (Copying process); Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual Stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238390 Other Building Finishing Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00170-003-1675-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kostova, Tanya
AU  - Ravindran, Renuka
AU  - Schonbek, Maria
T1  - FITZHUGH–NAGUMO REVISITED:: TYPES OF BIFURCATIONS, PERIODICAL FORCING AND STABILITY REGIONS BY A LYAPUNOV FUNCTIONAL.
JO  - International Journal of Bifurcation & Chaos in Applied Sciences & Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Bifurcation & Chaos in Applied Sciences & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
EP  - 925
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02181274
AB  - We study several aspects of FitzHugh–Nagumo's (FH–N) equations without diffusion. Some global stability results as well as the boundedness of solutions are derived by using a suitably defined Lyapunov functional. We show the existence of both supercritical and subcritical Hopf bifurcations. We demonstrate that the number of all bifurcation diagrams is 8 but that the possible sequential occurrences of bifurcation events is much richer. We present a numerical study of an example exhibiting a series of various bifurcations, including subcritical Hopf bifurcations, homoclinic bifurcations and saddle-node bifurcations of equilibria and of periodic solutions. Finally, we study periodically forced FH–N equations. We prove that phase-locking occurs independently of the magnitude of the periodic forcing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Bifurcation & Chaos in Applied Sciences & Engineering is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYAPUNOV functions
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - BIFURCATION theory
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - HOPF algebras
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - FitzHugh–Nagumo
KW  - homoclinic bifurcation
KW  - periodic forcing
KW  - subcritical and supercritical Hopf bifurcation
N1  - Accession Number: 12824048; Kostova, Tanya 1; Email Address: kostova@llnl.gov Ravindran, Renuka 2; Email Address: renrav@math.iisc.ernet.in Schonbek, Maria 3; Email Address: schonbek@math.ucsc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-561, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India  3: Department of Mathematics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p913; Subject Term: LYAPUNOV functions; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: BIFURCATION theory; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: HOPF algebras; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FitzHugh–Nagumo; Author-Supplied Keyword: homoclinic bifurcation; Author-Supplied Keyword: periodic forcing; Author-Supplied Keyword: subcritical and supercritical Hopf bifurcation; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clayton, J.D.
AU  - McDowell, D.L.
AU  - Bammann, D.J.
T1  - A multiscale gradient theory for single crystalline elastoviscoplasticity
JO  - International Journal of Engineering Science
JF  - International Journal of Engineering Science
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 42
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 00207225
AB  - Explicit volume averaging procedures are used to motivate a gradient-type description of single crystalline elastoviscoplasticity. Upon regarding local elastic and plastic deformation gradients within the crystal as continuously differentiable fields, we arrive at a three-term multiplicative decomposition for the volume-averaged deformation gradient, consisting of a recoverable elastic term associated with the average applied stress and average lattice rotation, an inelastic term associated with the average plastic velocity gradient, and a (new) third term reflecting the presence of the residual microelastic deformation gradient within the volume and providing a representation of the kinematics of grain subdivision via formation of low-angle subgrain boundaries, for example. A variant of the classical Eshelby stress tensor provides the driving force for homogenized viscoplastic flow, with slip resistances dictated by densities of geometrically necessary and statistically stored dislocations. Distinctive features of the continuum model include coupling of internal elastic strain energy densities associated with residual and applied stresses, dependency of the single crystalline effective elastic moduli upon evolution of lattice substructure, and a characteristic length potentially based upon both the size of the crystal element used in volume averaging and the grain subdivision measure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTOPLASTICITY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 11729628; Clayton, J.D. 1 McDowell, D.L. 2; Email Address: david.mcdowell@me.gatech.edu Bammann, D.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Impact Physics Branch, US Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, USA  2: George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA  3: Department of Science-based Materials Modeling, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 42 Issue 5/6, p427; Subject Term: ELASTOPLASTICITY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2003.08.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fauth, Daniel J.
AU  - Hoffman, James S.
AU  - Pennline, Henry W.
T1  - Dry regenerable sorbents for the separation and capture of CO2 from large point sources.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
EP  - 81
SN  - 14662132
AB  - The combustion of fossil fuels generates large quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas most likely to influence global warming and climate change. Large stationary sources that include coal-based electric generating stations are plausible targets for the removal of CO2. Chemical absorption of CO2 is viewed as one option that could be applicable for its separation from both fuel gas and flue gas streams. Processes based on solid regenerable sorbents that efficiently absorb CO2 and release it in concentrated form have the potential to be cost-effective relative to solvent-based practices. This communication summarises a preliminary investigation exploring the reaction of CO2 with a number of calcium-based sorbents using a thermogravimetric (TG) analyser. Upon reaction at high temperature with pure CO2, these materials are converted into metal carbonates. Thermal regeneration of the sorbents was accomplished upon heating spent materials to higher temperature in a nitrogen stream. TG studies show the absorption reaction for Ca-based materials was initially rapid and then entered into a slower kinetic regime. Multi-cycle testing conducted within the TG analyser indicated sorbents could be regenerated and reused. Theoretical conversions ranging from 50-75% were observed for the calcium/zirconia sorbents in comparison to 15-20% for the calcium/lanthanum-doped alumina sorbent. Improved conversion was attributed to the pore size differential between mesoporous zirconia and microporous lanthanum-alumina. TG studies performed at 500°C with lithium zirconate show that the rate of CO2 absorption was continuous with time on stream. Under nitrogen, rapid regeneration of the lithium carbonate product occurred at temperatures greater than 700°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management is the property of Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon sequestration
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Sequestration (Chemistry)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Lithium zirconate
KW  - Calcium oxide
KW  - carbon capture
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - lithium zirconate
KW  - solid regenerable sorbents.
N1  - Accession Number: 13965024; Fauth, Daniel J. 1; Email Address: Fauth@netl.doe.gov; Hoffman, James S. 1; Email Address: jhoffman@netl.doe.gov; Pennline, Henry W. 1; Email Address: pennline@netl.doe.gov; Affiliations: 1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1/2, p68; Thesaurus Term: Carbon sequestration; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Sequestration (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Subject Term: Lithium zirconate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon capture; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: lithium zirconate; Author-Supplied Keyword: solid regenerable sorbents.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, M. L.
AU  - Soong, Y.
AU  - Champagne, K. J.
AU  - Pennline, H. W.
AU  - Baltrus, J.
AU  - Stevens Jr., R. W.
AU  - Khatri, R.
AU  - Chuang, S. S. C.
T1  - Capture of carbon dioxide by solid amine sorbents.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
EP  - 88
SN  - 14662132
AB  - The reaction of tetraethylorthrosilcate (TEOS) with y-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS) has produced stable solid amine sorbents for the capture of carbon dioxide. The resulting amine-enriched silicon sorbent (SBA-15) has been proven to be competitive with existing environmental CO2 controlled life sorbents based on the immobilised amine technology. XPS analysis has indicated that the amine groups (N1s Peak) were incorporated onto the surfaces of this amine-based sorbent in the range of 7%. The performance of the SBA-15 was comparable to the commercially available immobilised amine sorbent (IAS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Technology & Management is the property of Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Sorbents
KW  - Amines
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Technology
KW  - amine sorbent
KW  - capture
KW  - carbon dioxide.
N1  - Accession Number: 13965025; Gray, M. L. 1; Email Address: Gray@netl.doe.gov; Soong, Y. 1; Email Address: Yee.Soong@netl.doe.gov; Champagne, K. J. 1; Email Address: Kenneth.Champagne@netl.doe.gov; Pennline, H. W. 1; Email Address: pennline@netl.doe.gov; Baltrus, J. 1; Email Address: BALTRUS@netl.doe.gov; Stevens Jr., R. W. 1; Email Address: rstevens@uakron.edu; Khatri, R. 1; Email Address: rkhartri@uakron.edu; Chuang, S. S. C. 1; Email Address: schuang@uakron.edu; Affiliations: 1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1/2, p82; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Sorbents; Thesaurus Term: Amines; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: amine sorbent; Author-Supplied Keyword: capture; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cook, B. K.
AU  - Lee, M. Y.
AU  - DiGiovanni, A. A.
AU  - Bronowski, D. R.
AU  - Perkins, E. D.
AU  - Williams, J. R.
T1  - Discreet Element Modeling Applied to Laboratory Simulation of Near-Wellbore Mechanics.
JO  - International Journal of Geomechanics
JF  - International Journal of Geomechanics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 27
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 15323641
AB  - Simulation results of near-wellbore failure phenomena are presented from a joint experimental-numerical study directed at developing a robust numerical simulation capability for the exploration and prediction of near-wellbore mechanics. An experimental procedure was developed for the laboratory simulation of slurry injection. A true-triaxial vessel, which applied realistic, three-dimensional stress conditions, was used to perform slurry injection into Berea sandstone. Under anisotropic horizontal stress conditions, vertical hydraulic fractures initiated and propagated in the direction of the maximum horizontal stress. Under isotropic horizontal stress conditions, multiple vertical fractures were induced and propagated in random orientation. A computationally efficient numerical model based on the discrete element method (DEM) is described and applied to simulate various wellbore phenomena. Radially graded, two-dimensional DEM models of the near-wellbore region were created of bonded disk elements. Source DEM elements were used to simulate fluid pressurization of the model borehole. The structural damage in the DEM models was analyzed using histograms of the angular distribution of bond damage. Results obtained for various stress states showed qualitative reproduction of the gross failure mechanisms associated with both hydraulic fracturing and borehole breakout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Geomechanics is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - SANDSTONE
KW  - ROCK mechanics
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12916786; Cook, B. K. 1; Email Address: bkcook@sandia.gov Lee, M. Y. 2 DiGiovanni, A. A. 3 Bronowski, D. R. 4 Perkins, E. D. 5 Williams, J. R. 6; Affiliation:  1: Principal Member of Technical Staff, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0576, Albuquerque, NM 87185  2: Principal Member of Technical Staff, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0751, Albuquerque, NM 87185  3: Principal Research Scientist, Technology Assessment and Transfer, 133 Defense Hwy., Annapolis, MD 21401  4: Distinguished Technologist, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1031, Albuquerque, NM 87185  5: Senior Researcher, IBM Watson Research Center, 1 Rogers St., Cambridge, MA 02142  6: Associate Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: SANDSTONE; Subject Term: ROCK mechanics; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212317 Sandstone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)1532-3641(2004)4:1(19)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mérida, Walter
AU  - Maness, Pin-Ching
AU  - Brown, Robert C.
AU  - Levin, David B.
T1  - Enhanced hydrogen production from indirectly heated, gasified biomass, and removal of carbon gas emissions using a novel biological gas reformer
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
SN  - 03603199
AB  - We propose an enhanced integrated hydrogen production system that includes biological processes. Biomass gasification, achieved through the periodic combustion and pyrolysis of solid organic waste (under anaerobic conditions), results in a “producer-gas” stream consisting predominantly of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This producer gas is typically used as a fuel in high temperature combustion. In the modified process, the producer gas is used to generate electricity using a combination of high-temperature (Solid oxide) and low-temperature (Proton exchange membrane) fuel cells. Carbon monoxide is reformed to additional <f>H2</f> using a biological system; an anaerobic bacterium, Rubrivivax gelatinosus CBS that can enzymatically convert CO and <f>H2O</f> into <f>CO2</f> and <f>H2</f>. R. gelatinosus CBS can also sequester <f>CO2</f> as biomass. While the heating value does not vary significantly between the two streams, we propose that a larger hydrogen fraction can increase the value of this fuel, especially in the context of fuel cell applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - ORGANIC wastes
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - Bio hydrogen
KW  - Biomass gasification
KW  - Fuel cells
N1  - Accession Number: 11465160; Mérida, Walter 1; Email Address: wmerida@mech.ubc.ca Maness, Pin-Ching 2; Email Address: pinching_maness@nrel.gov Brown, Robert C. 3; Email Address: rcbrown@iastate.edu Levin, David B. 4; Email Address: dlevin@uvic.ca; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2054-2324 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z4  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado, 80401-3393, USA  3: Centre for Sustainable Environmental Technologies, Iowa State University, 286 Metals Development Building, Ames, IA 50011, USA  4: Institute for Integrated Energy Systems University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3P6; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p283; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: ORGANIC wastes; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bio hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomass gasification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562219 Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3199(03)00135-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balachandran, U.
AU  - Lee, T.H.
AU  - Wang, S.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
T1  - Use of mixed conducting membranes to produce hydrogen by water dissociation
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 03603199
AB  - We have studied the production of hydrogen by water dissociation at moderate temperatures (700–<f>900°C</f>) with novel mixed-conducting membranes. Hydrogen production rates were investigated as a function of temperature, water partial pressure, membrane thickness, and oxygen chemical potential gradient across the membranes. The hydrogen production rate increased with both increasing moisture concentration and oxygen chemical potential gradient. A hydrogen production rate of <f>6 cm3(STP)/min cm2</f> was measured with a 0.10-mm-thick membrane at <f>900°C</f> and <f>50 vol%</f> water vapor on one side of the membrane and 80% hydrogen (balance helium) on the other side. Hydrogen was used as a model gas on one side of the membrane to establish a high oxygen potential gradient; however, another reducing gas, methane, was substituted in one experiment to maintain the high oxygen potential gradient. The hydrogen production rate increased with decreasing membrane thickness, but surface kinetics played an important role as membrane thickness decreased. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - MOISTURE
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - Ceramic membranes
KW  - Electron conductor
KW  - Hydrogen production
KW  - Oxygen-ion conductor
KW  - Water dissociation
N1  - Accession Number: 11465161; Balachandran, U.; Email Address: balu@anl.gov Lee, T.H. 1 Wang, S. 1 Dorris, S.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p291; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: MOISTURE; Subject Term: HELIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramic membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen-ion conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water dissociation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3199(03)00134-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Scott F.
AU  - Shih, Albert J.
AU  - Qu, Jun
T1  - Investigation of the spark cycle on material removal rate in wire electrical discharge machining of advanced materials
JO  - International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture
JF  - International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 44
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
SN  - 08906955
AB  - The development of new, advanced engineering materials and the need for precise and flexible prototypes and low-volume production have made the wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) an important manufacturing process to meet such demands. This research investigates the effect of spark on-time duration and spark on-time ratio, two important EDM process parameters, on the material removal rate (MRR) and surface integrity of four types of advanced material: porous metal foams, metal bond diamond grinding wheels, sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets, and carbon–carbon bipolar plates. An experimental procedure was developed. During the wire EDM, five types of constraints on the MRR due to short circuit, wire breakage, machine slide speed limit, and spark on-time upper and lower limits are identified. An envelope of feasible EDM process parameters is generated for each work-material. Applications of such a process envelope to select process parameters for maximum MRR and for machining of micro features are discussed. Results of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis of surface integrity are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - Electrical discharge machining
KW  - Material removal rate
KW  - Surface integrity
N1  - Accession Number: 11957530; Miller, Scott F. 1 Shih, Albert J. 1; Email Address: shiha@umich.edu Qu, Jun 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 44 Issue 4, p391; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical discharge machining; Author-Supplied Keyword: Material removal rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface integrity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2003.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Gang
AU  - Bulatov, Vasily V.
AU  - Kioussis, Nicholas
T1  - On stress assisted dislocation constriction and cross-slip
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
SN  - 07496419
AB  - A novel semidiscrete Peierls–Nabarro model is introduced which can be used to study dislocation spreading at more than one slip plane, such as dislocation cross-slip and junctions. The strength of the model, when combined with an atomistic simulation for dislocation core properties, is without suffering from the uncertainties associated with empirical potentials. Therefore, this method is particularly useful in providing insight into alloy design when empirical potentials are not available or not reliable for such multi-element systems. The model is applied to study the external stress assisted dislocation cross-slip and constriction process in two fcc metals, Al and Ag, exhibiting different deformation properties. We find that the screw dislocation in Al can cross-slip spontaneously in contrast with that in Ag, where the screw dislocation splits into two partials that cannot cross-slip without first being constricted. The dislocation response to an external stress is examined in detail. The dislocation constriction energy and the critical stress for cross-slip are determined, and from the latter, we estimate the cross-slip energy barrier for straight screw dislocations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SILVER
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Ab initio calculations
KW  - Aluminum and silver
KW  - Cross slip
KW  - Dislocation core properties
KW  - Peierls–Nabarro model
N1  - Accession Number: 11465256; Lu, Gang 1 Bulatov, Vasily V. 2 Kioussis, Nicholas 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Department of Physics, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p447; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum and silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross slip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation core properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peierls–Nabarro model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0749-6419(03)00096-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Larson, B.C.
AU  - Yang, Wenge
AU  - Tischler, J.Z.
AU  - Ice, G.E.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Liu, W.
AU  - Weiland, H.
T1  - Micron-resolution 3-D measurement of local orientations near a grain-boundary in plane-strained aluminum using X-ray microbeams
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
SN  - 07496419
AB  - X-ray microbeams have been used to perform nondestructive measurements of the local orientations and microstructure in single-crystal and grain-boundary regions in a columnar Al (0.2 wt.% Mg) tri-crystal deformed 20% in plane-strain. The measurements were made using a recently developed differential-aperture X-ray microscopy (DAXM) technique providing high angular resolution determinations of local orientations with micron 3-D spatial resolution using focused microbeams. The X-ray microbeam technique is described, three-dimensional spatially resolved pole-figures and lattice rotation distributions in single-crystal and grain-boundary regions are presented, and the potential of micron resolution 3-D X-ray structural microscopy for plastic deformation investigations is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Diffraction
KW  - Microbeam
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 11465261; Larson, B.C. 1; Email Address: larsonbc@ornl.gov Yang, Wenge 1 Tischler, J.Z. 1 Ice, G.E. 2 Budai, J.D. 1 Liu, W. 2 Weiland, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6030, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6118, USA  3: Alcoa Technical Center, Alcoa Center, PA 15069, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p543; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbeam; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0749-6419(03)00101-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schock, Robert N.
AU  - Vergino, Eileen S.
AU  - Joeck, Neil
AU  - Lehman, Ronald F.
T1  - Atoms for Peace after 50 Years. (Cover story)
JO  - Issues in Science & Technology
JF  - Issues in Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 40
PB  - University of Texas at Dallas
SN  - 07485492
AB  - Discusses issues on the use of nuclear technology.  Outlook for the future of nuclear technology; Advantages and disadvantages of nuclear weapons; Areas of international security.  INSET: Excerpts from Eisenhower's "Atoms for Peace" speech.
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - TACTICAL nuclear weapons
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
N1  - Accession Number: 12875882; Schock, Robert N. 1 Vergino, Eileen S. 2 Joeck, Neil 1 Lehman, Ronald F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Senior fellow, Center for Global Security Research (CGSR), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  2: Deputy director, CGSR  3: Director, CGSR; Source Info: Spring2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p37; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: TACTICAL nuclear weapons; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2526
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, John J.
T1  - The Nuclear Power Bargain.
JO  - Issues in Science & Technology
JF  - Issues in Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 47
PB  - University of Texas at Dallas
SN  - 07485492
AB  - Discusses the implications of the proliferation of nuclear power industry for international security.  List of countries relying on nuclear power; Advantages of nuclear power operations; Opposition to the proliferation of nuclear power plants; Outlook on the deployment of nuclear power plants.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR industry
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - DEPLOYMENT (Military strategy)
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
N1  - Accession Number: 12875888; Taylor, John J. 1; Email Address: jjtaylor@epri.com; Affiliation:  1: Consultant, Center for Global Security Research, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: Spring2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p41; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR industry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: DEPLOYMENT (Military strategy); Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4459
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waltar, Alan E.
T1  - Nuclear Technology's Numerous Uses.
JO  - Issues in Science & Technology
JF  - Issues in Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
EP  - 54
PB  - University of Texas at Dallas
SN  - 07485492
AB  - Discusses the benefits of nuclear technology in the U.S.  Sterilization of medical equipment; Improvement of agricultural practices; Development of industrial applications; Increase in public safety.
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - ENERGY development
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12875891; Waltar, Alan E. 1; Email Address: alan.waltar@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Director of nuclear energy, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: Spring2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p48; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: ENERGY development; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4095
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - May, Michael
AU  - Isaacs, Tom
T1  - Stronger Measures Needed to Prevent Proliferation.
JO  - Issues in Science & Technology
JF  - Issues in Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
EP  - 69
PB  - University of Texas at Dallas
SN  - 07485492
AB  - Addresses the need for safety measures to prevent proliferation of nuclear weapons.  Details of the categories of Atoms for Peace program; Steps in improving material control and facilities monitoring; Ways to reduce the demand for nuclear weapons; Information on the plan of U.S. President George W. Bush to prevent proliferation of nuclear equipment.
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons safety
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - BUSH, George W. (George Walker), 1946-
N1  - Accession Number: 12875900; May, Michael 1; Email Address: mmay@stanford.edu Isaacs, Tom 2; Email Address: isaacs2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Professor emeritus, Stanford University, Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford Institute for International Studies, Stanford, California  2: Director emeritus, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford Institute for International Studies, Stanford, California; Source Info: Spring2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p61; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons safety; Subject Term: UNITED States; People: BUSH, George W. (George Walker), 1946-; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5467
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Richard M.
T1  - The Three-Dimensional Analog of the Classical Two-Dimensional Truss System.
JO  - Journal of Applied Mechanics
JF  - Journal of Applied Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 71
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 287
SN  - 00218936
AB  - The octet-truss lattice system of Fuller and examined by Deshpande, Fleck and Ashby is here reasoned to be the most fundamental form for a three-dimensional truss system, placing it as the three-dimensional analog of the classical two-dimensional truss system. Useful applications may be possible from nanometer scales up to space station scales, in addition to the usual scales of interest in materials science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Mechanics is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRUSSES
KW  - STRUCTURAL frames
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13634826; Christensen, Richard M. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Hon. Mem., ASME  2: Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808 L-356, Livermore CA 94551-9900; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 71 Issue 2, p285; Subject Term: TRUSSES; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL frames; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238130 Framing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238350 Finish Carpentry Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321214 Truss Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1651090
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fast, Jerome D.
AU  - Darby, Lisa S.
T1  - An Evaluation of Mesoscale Model Predictions of Down-Valley and Canyon Flows and Their Consequences Using Doppler Lidar Measurements during VTMX 2000.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
EP  - 436
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - A mesoscale model, a Lagrangian particle dispersion model, and extensive Doppler lidar wind measurements during the Vertical Transport and Mixing (VTMX) 2000 field campaign were used to examine converging flows over the Salt Lake valley in Utah and their effect on vertical mixing at night and during the morning transition period. The simulated wind components were transformed into radial velocities to make a direct comparison with about 1.3 million Doppler lidar data points and to evaluate critically the spatial variations in the simulated wind fields aloft. The mesoscale model captured reasonably well the general features of the observed circulations, including the daytime up-valley flow; the nighttime slope, canyon, and down-valley flows; and the convergence of the flows over the valley. When there were errors in the simulated wind fields, they were usually associated with the timing, structure, or strength of specific flows. The simulated flow reversal during the evening transition period produced ascending motions over much of the valley atmosphere in the absence of significant ambient winds. Valley-mean vertical velocities became nearly zero as down-valley flow developed, but vertical velocities between 5 and 15 cm s[sup -1] occurred where downslope, canyon, and down-valley flows converged, and vertical velocities greater than 50 cm s[sup -1] were produced by hydraulic jumps. A fraction of tracer released at the surface was transported up to the height of the surrounding mountains; however, higher concentrations were produced aloft for evenings characterized by well-developed drainage circulations. Simulations with and without vertical motions in the particle model produced large differences in the tracer concentrations at specific locations and times, but the amount of tracer moving out of the valley atmosphere differed by only 5% or less. Despite the stability, turbulence produced by vertical wind shears mixed particles several hundred meters above the surface stable layer for the particle model simulation without vertical motions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC models
KW  - OPTICAL radar
KW  - DOPPLER radar
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC circulation
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC turbulence
KW  - SALT Lake Valley (Utah)
KW  - UTAH
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12556372; Fast, Jerome D. 1; Email Address: jerome.fast@pnl.gov Darby, Lisa S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: NOAA/Environmental Technology Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p420; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC models; Subject Term: OPTICAL radar; Subject Term: DOPPLER radar; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC circulation; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC turbulence; Subject Term: SALT Lake Valley (Utah); Subject Term: UTAH; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Migliori, Albert
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Thoma, D.J.
AU  - Darling, T.W.
T1  - Beryllium’s monocrystal and polycrystal elastic constants.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2436
EP  - 2440
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Using resonant-ultrasound spectroscopy, we measured beryllium’s elastic constants for both a monocrystal and a polycrystal. Thus, we consider the monocrystal–polycrystal elastic-constant relationship for hexagonal symmetry. Beside the C[sub ij], we report the Debye characteristic temperature Θ and the Grüneisen parameter γ. We comment on beryllium’s chemical bonding and its remarkably low Poisson ratio. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM crystals
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - ELASTIC cross sections
KW  - RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy
KW  - SYMMETRY groups
KW  - POISSON distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 12297796; Migliori, Albert 1; Email Address: migliori@lanl.gov Ledbetter, Hassel 1 Thoma, D.J. 1 Darling, T.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 5, p2436; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM crystals; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELASTIC cross sections; Subject Term: RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy; Subject Term: SYMMETRY groups; Subject Term: POISSON distribution; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644633
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurtz, Sarah
AU  - Geisz, J.F.
AU  - Friedman, D.J.
AU  - Metzger, W.K.
AU  - King, R.R.
AU  - Karam, N.H.
T1  - Annealing-induced-type conversion of GaInNAs.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2505
EP  - 2508
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - When grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), nominally undoped GaInNAs is commonly observed to have an acceptor concentration of ∼10[sup 17] cm[sup -3]. However, after annealing in the MOCVD reactor at a temperature of 650 °C, p-type GaInNAs sometimes converts to n type with an electron concentration of ∼10[sup 17] cm[sup -3]. This n-type material has a slightly higher electron mobility (∼400–450 cm2/V s) than has usually been reported for 1 eV GaInNAs. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy shows significant hydrogen and some carbon contamination of these layers. The type conversion is correlated with both the nitrogen and hydrogen concentration and is relatively insensitive to the choice of growth precursors (trimethylgallium versus triethylgallium, or unsymmetric dimethylhydrazine versus nitrogen trifluoride). The data are consistent with theoretical predictions that the donors arise from a N–H complex. Annealing in the absence of hydrogen reduces the background acceptor concentration, but does not produce an electron concentration as high as 10[sup 17] cm[sup -3]. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CONTAMINATION (Technology)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS -- Impurity distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 12297785; Kurtz, Sarah 1; Email Address: sarah_kurtz@nrel.gov Geisz, J.F. 1 Friedman, D.J. 1 Metzger, W.K. 1 King, R.R. 1 Karam, N.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado; Source Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 5, p2505; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CONTAMINATION (Technology); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS -- Impurity distribution; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1643775
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12297785&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Little, Reginald B.
AU  - Goddard, Robert
T1  - Magnetization for lower temperature, selective diamond and carbon nanotube formation: A milestone in carbon physicochemical condensation.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2702
EP  - 2712
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Diamonds and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have extraordinary properties with the potential for vast technological and scientific advancements. However, the syntheses of these super materials have required extreme conditions. Recent synthetic developments surrounding catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) have contributed to more suitable, practical and economical preparations, but more progress is needed for better selectivity, purity, and mass production of CNTs and diamonds. Such synthetic advancements require a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of formation on the atomic scale. A recent comprehensive mechanism of Little suggests the importance of high-spin electronic states and the rehybridization mechanics of carbon atoms and metal atoms (for catalytic synthesis) during the nucleation and growth of CNTs and diamonds. The significance of these predictions is demonstrated in this work by using an intense, static magnetic field of several teslas to influence carbon fixation events during carbon CCVD. Single crystalline diamonds are discovered to nucleate and grow under the influence of the static magnetic field (19.3 T) under catalytic CVD conditions that normally result in carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, this technique results in a bottom-up approach for creating diamond nucleation sites on the basis of a so-called chemical preabrasion of the silicon substrate with the potential advantage of the control of seeding nucleation-site density and nonrandom patterning for larger single crystal diamond syntheses. This technique also provides a basis for diamond–CNT composite super materials. Moreover, the observed influence of high magnetic field on diamond formation provides implications concerning natural diamond genesis in the earth’s mantle and core in comparison to celestial diamond formation. Furthermore, these findings suggest uses of polarized and nonpolarized neutron irradiation for static and dynamic magnetic interactions, leading to diamond and CNT productivity, respectively. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
N1  - Accession Number: 12297753; Little, Reginald B. 1,2; Email Address: redge_little@yahoo.com Goddard, Robert 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida A&M University, Florida; Source Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 5, p2702; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1643784
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Devanathan, R.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Balakrishnan, G.
AU  - Paul, D.M.
T1  - Damage evolution on Sm and O sublattices in Au-implanted samarium titanate pyrochlore.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2866
EP  - 2872
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Damage evolution on the Sm and O sublattices in Sm[sub 2]Ti[sub 2]O[sub 7] single crystals irradiated with 1 MeV Au[sup 2+] ions at 170, 300, and 700 K was studied by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and [sup 16]O(d,p)[sup 17]O nuclear reaction analysis along the <001> direction. The damage accumulation behavior at each irradiation temperature indicates that the relative disorder on the O sublattice is higher than that on the Sm sublattice, and the relative disorder, determined by ion channeling, on each sublattice follows a nonlinear dependence on dose that is well described by a disorder accumulation model. While there is little difference in damage accumulation behavior on the Sm sublattice at 170 and 300 K irradiation, the rate of damage accumulation decreases dramatically at 700 K due to dynamic recovery processes. The critical dose for amorphization at 170 and 300 K is 0.14 displacements per atom (dpa), and a higher dose of 0.22 dpa is observed under irradiation at 700 K. During thermal annealing in an [sup 18]O environment, a significant increase in the [sup 18]O exchange was observed between 800 and 900 K, which is just below the previously determined critical temperature, 950 K, for amorphization in Sm[sub 2]Ti[sub 2]O[sub 7], suggesting that the mobility of O vacancies may be important in defining the critical temperature. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CONTINUOUS lattices
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12297729; Zhang, Y. 1; Email Address: Yanwen.Zhang@pnl.gov Weber, W.J. 1 Shutthanandan, V. 1 Devanathan, R. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Balakrishnan, G. 2 Paul, D.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington  2: Department of Physics, University of Warwick, United Kingdom; Source Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 5, p2866; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CONTINUOUS lattices; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644891
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - XING, ERIC P.
AU  - WU, WEI
AU  - JORDAN, MICHAEL I.
AU  - KARP, RICHARD M.
T1  - LOGOS:: A MODULAR BAYESIAN MODEL FOR DE NOVO MOTIF DETECTION.
JO  - Journal of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology
JF  - Journal of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 154
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02197200
AB  - The complexity of the global organization and internal structure of motifs in higher eukaryotic organisms raises significant challenges for motif detection techniques. To achieve successful de novo motif detection, it is necessary to model the complex dependencies within and among motifs and to incorporate biological prior knowledge. In this paper, we present LOGOS, an integrated LOcal and GlObal motif Sequence model for biopolymer sequences, which provides a principled framework for developing, modularizing, extending and computing expressive motif models for complex biopolymer sequence analysis. LOGOS consists of two interacting submodels: HMDM, a local alignment model capturing biological prior knowledge and positional dependency within the motif local structure; and HMM, a global motif distribution model modeling frequencies and dependencies of motif occurrences. Model parameters can be fit using training motifs within an empirical Bayesian framework. A variational EM algorithm is developed for de novo motif detection. LOGOS improves over existing models that ignore biological priors and dependencies in motif structures and motif occurrences, and demonstrates superior performance on both semi-realistic test data and cis-regulatory sequences from yeast and Drosophila genomes with regard to sensitivity, specificity, flexibility and extensibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - BIOPOLYMERS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL biology
KW  - COMPUTERS in biology
KW  - Bayesian model
KW  - Cis-regulatory system
KW  - Dirichlet prior
KW  - hidden Markov model
KW  - variational inference
N1  - Accession Number: 13233633; XING, ERIC P. 1; Email Address: epxing@cs.berkeley.edu WU, WEI 2; Email Address: wwu@lbl.gov JORDAN, MICHAEL I. 3; Email Address: jordan@cs.berkeley.edu KARP, RICHARD M. 1; Email Address: karp@cs.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  3: Computer Science and Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 2 Issue 1, p127; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: BIOPOLYMERS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL biology; Subject Term: COMPUTERS in biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cis-regulatory system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dirichlet prior; Author-Supplied Keyword: hidden Markov model; Author-Supplied Keyword: variational inference; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szpunar, D. E.
AU  - Miller, J. L.
AU  - Butler, L. J.
AU  - Qi, F.
T1  - 193-nm photodissociation of acryloyl chloride to probe the unimolecular dissociation of CH[sub 2]CHCO radicals and CH[sub 2]CCO.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4223
EP  - 4230
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The work presented here uses photofragment translational spectroscopy to investigate the primary and secondary dissociation channels of acryloyl chloride (CH[sub 2]==CHCOCl) excited at 193 nm. Three primary channels were observed. Two C–Cl fission channels occur, one producing fragments with high kinetic recoil energies and the other producing fragments with low translational energies. These channels produced nascent CH[sub 2]CHCO radicals with internal energies ranging from 23 to 66 kcal/mol for the high-translational-energy channel and from 50 to 68 kcal/mol for the low-translational-energy channel. We found that all nascent CH[sub 2]CHCO radicals were unstable to CH[sub 2]CH+CO formation, in agreement with the G3//B3LYP barrier height of 22.4 kcal/mol to within experimental and computational uncertainties. The third primary channel is HCl elimination. All of the nascent CH[sub 2]CCO coproducts were found to have enough internal energy to dissociate, producing CH[sub 2]C:+CO, in qualitative agreement with the G3//B3LYP barrier of 39.5 kcal/mol. We derive from the experimental results an upper limit of 23±3 kcal/mol for the zero-point-corrected barrier to the unimolecular dissociation of the CH[sub 2]CHCO radical to form CH[sub 2]CH+CO. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLORIDES
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HYDROCHLORIC acid
KW  - STOPPING power (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12340288; Szpunar, D. E. 1 Miller, J. L. 1 Butler, L. J. 1 Qi, F. 2; Affiliation:  1: The James Franck Institute and Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago Illinois 60637.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 9, p4223; Subject Term: CHLORIDES; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HYDROCHLORIC acid; Subject Term: STOPPING power (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1644096
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guilderson, T.P.
AU  - Schrag, D.P.
AU  - Cane, M.A.
T1  - Surface Water Mixing in the Solomon Sea as Documented by a High-Resolution Coral [sup 14] C Record.
JO  - Journal of Climate
JF  - Journal of Climate
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1147
EP  - 1156
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948755
AB  - A bimonthly coral-based record of the postbomb radiocarbon content of Solomon Sea surface waters is interpreted to reflect mixing of subtropical surface water and that advected in from the east by the equatorial branch of the South Equatorial Current (SEC). Annual mean Δ[sup 14] C has a dynamic range of nearly 175‰, with a total range of nearly 200‰. Prebomb values average -56‰ and the annual mean postbomb maxima occurs in 1985 with a value of +117%. Interannual variability in the record reflects surface current variations in conjunction with surface wind changes associated with ENSO. During El Niño years the waters of the Solomon Sea reflect a stronger influence of waters advected in from the east by the SEC and less “pure” subtropical water. This is most likely accomplished by a southward shift of the equatorward branch of the SEC during El Niño. There is an overall decrease in the relative proportion of eastern tropical water that is interpreted as a decrease in the strength and intensity of the shallow circulation of the tropical Pacific during the latter portion of the twentieth century. If validated, this secular trend bears strongly upon the rate of extratropical–tropical recirculation and the redistribution of heat and salt within the tropical Pacific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OCEAN convection
KW  - OCEAN circulation
KW  - OCEANOGRAPHY
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - SOLOMON Sea
N1  - Accession Number: 12480729; Guilderson, T.P. 1; Email Address: guilderson1@llnl.gov Schrag, D.P. 2 Cane, M.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  2: Laboratory for Geochemical Oceanography and the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts  3: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p1147; Subject Term: OCEAN convection; Subject Term: OCEAN circulation; Subject Term: OCEANOGRAPHY; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Subject Term: SOLOMON Sea; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, C. H.
AU  - Schadler, L. S.
AU  - Beyerlein, I. J.
T1  - Stress Concentrations in Graphite/Epoxy Model Composites During Creep at Room Temperature and Elevated Temperatures.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 433
SN  - 00219983
AB  - Micro Raman spectroscopy (MRS) was used to monitor the change in the local stress concentrations surrounding a single fiber break in 2-dimensional graphite fiber/epoxy composites during creep at room temperature and elevated temperatures up to 80°C. The experimental results were compared with a few shear-lag-based multi fiber composite models: Hedgepeth, which assumes perfect bonding between the linear elastic fiber and shear-only matrix: MSSL, which additionally accounts for the axial stiffness of the matrix: and VBI, which assumes a viscoelastic shear-only matrix Instead of assuming time-independent stress concentrations around a fiber break as in previous models, this work investigated the change in the stress concentrations due to the local matrix creep. The VBI model uses parameters measured from unreinforced matrix creep tests to predict the time dependent strain-stress evolution in the composite around fiber breaks. The stress concentrations of the nearby intact fibers were found to change due to the combined effects of temperature sensitive matrix creep and creep-driven inelastic zone growth emanating from the fiber break, which were in good agreement with the VBI predictions in the absence of significant inelastic zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS concentration
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - EPOXY resins
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - creep
KW  - elevated temperature
KW  - Micro Raman Spectroscopy
KW  - polymer composites
KW  - shear-lag model
KW  - stress concentration
N1  - Accession Number: 12816779; Zhou, C. H. 1 Schadler, L. S. 1; Email Address: schadl@rpi.edu Beyerlein, I. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy NY 12180, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, MS G755, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 5, p417; Subject Term: STRESS concentration; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: EPOXY resins; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro Raman Spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: polymer composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: shear-lag model; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress concentration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304040551
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12816779&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Visher, John
AU  - Wandzura, Stephen
AU  - White, Amanda
T1  - Stable, high-order discretization for evolution of the wave equation in 1 + 1 dimensions
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 194
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We carry forward the approach of Alpert, Greengard, and Hagstrom to construct stable high-order explicit discretizations for the wave equation in one space and one time dimension. They presented their scheme as an integral form of the Lax–Wendroff method. Our perspective is somewhat different from theirs; our focus is on the discretization of the evolution formula rather than on its form (integral, differential, etc.). A key feature of our approach is the independent computation of three discretizations, one for bulk (away from boundaries) propagation, one for propagation near boundaries, and a projection operator to enforce boundary conditions. This is done in a way that is straightforward to extend to more space dimensions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - OPERATOR theory
KW  - Small-cell problem
KW  - Stability
N1  - Accession Number: 12238523; Visher, John 1; Email Address: visher@hrl.com Wandzura, Stephen 1; Email Address: wandzura@hrl.com White, Amanda 2; Email Address: amwhite@stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: HRL Laboratories, LLC, 3011 Malibu Canyon Road, Malibu, CA 90265-4799, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K5-12 Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 194 Issue 2, p395; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: OPERATOR theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-cell problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stability; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.09.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ropp, David L.
AU  - Shadid, John N.
AU  - Ober, Curtis C.
T1  - Studies of the accuracy of time integration methods for reaction–diffusion equations
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 194
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 544
SN  - 00219991
AB  - In this study we present numerical experiments of time integration methods applied to systems of reaction–diffusion equations. Our main interest is in evaluating the relative accuracy and asymptotic order of accuracy of the methods on problems which exhibit an approximate balance between the competing component time scales. Nearly balanced systems can produce a significant coupling of the physical mechanisms and introduce a slow dynamical time scale of interest. These problems provide a challenging test for this evaluation and tend to reveal subtle differences between the various methods. The methods we consider include first- and second-order semi-implicit, fully implicit, and operator-splitting techniques. The test problems include a prototype propagating nonlinear reaction–diffusion wave, a non-equilibrium radiation–diffusion system, a Brusselator chemical dynamics system and a blow-up example. In this evaluation we demonstrate a “split personality” for the operator-splitting methods that we consider. While operator-splitting methods often obtain very good accuracy, they can also manifest a serious degradation in accuracy due to stability problems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REACTION-diffusion equations
KW  - ASYMPTOTES
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12238529; Ropp, David L. 1; Email Address: dlropp@sandia.gov Shadid, John N. 2; Email Address: jnshadi@sandia.gov Ober, Curtis C. 3; Email Address: ccober@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computational Mathematics and Algorithms, MS 1110, P.O. Box 5800, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110, USA  2: Department of Computational Science, MS 1111, P.O. Box 5800, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1111, USA  3: Department of Computational Science, MS 0316, P.O. Box 5800, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0316, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 194 Issue 2, p544; Subject Term: REACTION-diffusion equations; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTES; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.08.033
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12238529&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hansen, Glen
AU  - Zardecki, Andrew
AU  - Greening, Doran
AU  - Bos, Randy
T1  - A finite element method for unstructured grid smoothing
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 194
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
SN  - 00219991
AB  - The finite element method is applied to grid smoothing for two-dimensional planar geometry. The coordinates of the grid nodes satisfy two quasi-linear elliptic equations in the form of Laplace equations in a Riemann space. By forming a Dirichlet boundary value problem, the proposed method is applicable to both structured and unstructured grids. The Riemannian metric, acting as a driving force in the grid smoothing, is computed iteratively beginning with the metric of the unsmoothed grid. Smoothing is achieved by computing the metric tensor on the dual mesh elements, which incorporates the influence of neighbor elements. Numerical examples of this smoothing methodology, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed approach, are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - RIEMANN surfaces
KW  - ELLIPSES (Geometry)
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
KW  - Elliptic smoothing
KW  - Finite elements
KW  - Galerkin methods
KW  - Mesh generation
N1  - Accession Number: 12238532; Hansen, Glen 1; Email Address: ghansen@lanl.gov Zardecki, Andrew 1; Email Address: azz@lanl.gov Greening, Doran 2; Email Address: dgreening@lanl.gov Bos, Randy 2; Email Address: rbos@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Science Methods Group, Applied Physics Division, MS F645, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Materials Science Group, Applied Physics Division, MS F699, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 194 Issue 2, p611; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: RIEMANN surfaces; Subject Term: ELLIPSES (Geometry); Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elliptic smoothing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galerkin methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesh generation; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.09.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12238532&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
T1  - An efficient, high-order perturbation approach for flow in random porous media via Karhunen–Loe&grave;ve and polynomial expansions
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 194
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 773
SN  - 00219991
AB  - In this study, we attempt to obtain higher-order solutions of the means and (co)variances of hydraulic head for saturated flow in randomly heterogeneous porous media on the basis of the combination of Karhunen–Loe&grave;ve decomposition, polynomial expansion, and perturbation methods. We first decompose the log hydraulic conductivity <f>Y=lnKs</f> as an infinite series on the basis of a set of orthogonal Gaussian standard random variables {<f>ξi</f>}. The coefficients of the series are related to eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the covariance function of log hydraulic conductivity. We then write head as an infinite series whose terms <f>h(n)</f> represent head of <f>n</f>th order in terms of <f>σY</f>, the standard deviation of <f>Y</f>, and derive a set of recursive equations for <f>h(n)</f>. We then decompose <f>h(n)</f> with polynomial expansions in terms of the products of <f>n</f> Gaussian random variables. The coefficients in these series are determined by substituting decompositions of <f>Y</f> and <f>h(n)</f> into those recursive equations. We solve the mean head up to fourth-order in <f>σY</f> and the head variances up to third-order in <f>σY2</f>. We conduct Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and compare MC results against approximations of different orders from the moment-equation approach based on Karhunen–Loe&grave;ve decomposition (KLME). We also explore the validity of the KLME approach for different degrees of medium variability and various correlation scales. It is evident that the KLME approach with higher-order corrections is superior to the conventional first-order approximations and is computationally more efficient than the Monte Carlo simulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - ANALYSIS of covariance
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Higher-order approximation
KW  - Karhunen–Loève decomposition
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 12238539; Zhang, Dongxiao; Email Address: donzhang@lanl.gov Lu, Zhiming 1; Affiliation:  1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group, EES-6, MS T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 194 Issue 2, p773; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: ANALYSIS of covariance; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Higher-order approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Karhunen–Loève decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.09.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12238539&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Altman, Susan J.
AU  - Uchida, Masahiro
AU  - Tidwell, Vincent C.
AU  - Boney, Craig M.
AU  - Chambers, Bryan P.
T1  - Use of X-ray absorption imaging to examine heterogeneous diffusion in fractured crystalline rocks
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Heterogeneous diffusion in different regions of a fractured granodiorite from Japan has been observed and measured through the use of X-ray absorption imaging. These regions include gouge-filled fractures, recrystallized fracture-filling material and hydrothermally altered matrix. With the X-ray absorption imaging technique, porosity, relative concentration, and relative mass of an iodine tracer were imaged in two dimensions with a sub-millimeter pixel size. Because portions of the samples analyzed have relatively low porosity values, imaging errors can potentially impact the results. For this reason, efforts were made to better understand and quantify this error. Based on the X-ray data, pore diffusion coefficients (Dp) for the different regions were estimated assuming a single diffusion rate and a lognormal multirate distribution of Dp. Results show Dp for the gouge-filled fractures are over an order of magnitude greater than those of the recrystallized fracture-filling material, which in turn is approximately two times greater than those for the altered matrix. The recrystallized fracture-filling material was found to exhibit the greatest degree of variability. The results of these experiments also provide evidence that diffusion from advective zones in fractures through the gouge-filled fractures and recrystallized fracture-filling material could increase the pore space available for matrix diffusion. This evidence is important for understanding the performance of potential nuclear waste repositories in crystalline rocks as diffusion is thought to be an important retardation mechanism for radionuclides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Hydrothermal alteration
KW  - Japan
KW  - Contaminant transport
KW  - Fractured crystalline rock
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Matrix diffusion
KW  - X-ray absorption imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 12236052; Altman, Susan J. 1; Email Address: sjaltma@sandia.gov; Uchida, Masahiro 2; Email Address: uchida@tokai.jnc.go.jp; Tidwell, Vincent C. 1; Email Address: vctidwe@sandia.gov; Boney, Craig M. 1; Chambers, Bryan P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Geohydrology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; 2: Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute, Tokai Works, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1194, Japan; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 69 Issue 1/2, p1; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion; Thesaurus Term: Porosity; Subject Term: Hydrothermal alteration; Subject: Japan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contaminant transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured crystalline rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption imaging; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00153-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12236052&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, Tammy P.
AU  - Rathfelder, Klaus M.
AU  - Pennell, Kurt D.
AU  - Abriola, Linda M.
T1  - Effects of ethanol addition on micellar solubilization and plume migration during surfactant enhanced recovery of tetrachloroethene
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Alcohol addition has been suggested for use in combination with surfactant flushing to enhance solubilization kinetics and permit density control of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL)-laden surfactant plumes. This study examined the effects of adding ethanol (EtOH) to a 4% Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate) solution used to flush tetrachloroethene (PCE)-contaminated porous media. The influence of EtOH concentration, subsurface layering and scale on flushing solution delivery and PCE recovery was investigated through a combination of experimental and mathematical modeling studies. Results of batch experiments demonstrated that the addition of 2.5%, 5% and 10% (wt.) EtOH incrementally increased the PCE solubilization capacity and viscosity of the surfactant solution, while reducing solution density from 1.002 to 0.986 g/cm3. Effluent concentration data obtained from one-dimensional (1-D) column experiments were used to characterize rate-limited micellar solubilization of residual PCE, which was strongly dependent upon flow velocity and weakly dependent upon EtOH concentration. Two-dimensional (2-D) box studies illustrated that minor differences (0.008 g/cm3) between flushing and resident solution density can strongly influence surfactant front propagation. A two-dimensional multiphase simulator, MISER, was used to model the influence of EtOH composition on the aqueous flow field and PCE mass recovery. The ability of the numerical simulator to predict effluent concentrations and front propagation was demonstrated for both 1-D columns and 2-D boxes flushed with EtOH-amended Tween 80 solutions. Results of this study quantify the potential influence of alcohol addition on surfactant solution properties and solubilization capacity, and demonstrate the importance of considering small density variations in remedial design. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Surface active agents
KW  - Alcohols (Chemical class)
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Modeling (Sculpture)
KW  - DNAPL
KW  - Ethanol
KW  - PCE
KW  - Remediation
KW  - Solubilization
KW  - Surfactant
N1  - Accession Number: 12236055; Taylor, Tammy P. 1; Rathfelder, Klaus M. 2; Pennell, Kurt D. 3; Email Address: kpennell@ce.gatech.edu; Abriola, Linda M. 4; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, C-SIC, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: GeoSyntec Consultants, 838 S.W. First Avenue, Suite 430, Portland, OR 97204, USA; 3: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA; 4: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 69 Issue 1/2, p73; Thesaurus Term: Surface active agents; Subject Term: Alcohols (Chemical class); Subject Term: Dynamics; Subject Term: Modeling (Sculpture); Author-Supplied Keyword: DNAPL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solubilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327420 Gypsum Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00151-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12236055&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Armitage, R.
AU  - Yang, Q.
AU  - Feick, H.
AU  - Weber, E.R.
T1  - Evaluation of CCl4 and CS2 as carbon doping sources in MBE growth of GaN
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 263
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
SN  - 00220248
AB  - GaN:C epilayers were grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy-GaN/sapphire templates using CCl4 and CS2 vapors as carbon doping sources. The resulting epilayers were characterized by secondary ion mass spectrometry, photoluminescence, and electrical resistivity among other techniques. Both sources were found to controllably introduce carbon in the concentration range 1×1018–3×1019 cm−3 with insignificant contamination by other impurities. The CCl4 source drastically reduced the effective Ga/N flux ratio due to a parasitic reaction, necessitating greatly increased Ga flux to maintain Ga-rich conditions. On the other hand GaN:C was successfully obtained with CS2 with no parasitic reaction. For both sources an anomalous concentration dependence of the carbon incorporation behavior was observed, leading to reduced concentrations of electrically active <f>CN</f> acceptors for higher total doping levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - A1. Doping
KW  - A3. Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - B1. Nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 12309623; Armitage, R.; Email Address: rob@semicon.kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp Yang, Q.; Email Address: qingyang@uclink4.berkeley.edu Feick, H. Weber, E.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 263 Issue 1-4, p132; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Nitrides; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2003.11.091
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12309623&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budd, R.L.
AU  - Gonzales, G.J.
AU  - Fresquez, P.R.
AU  - Lopez, E.A.
T1  - The Uptake and Distribution of Buried Radionuclides by Pocket Gophers (Thomomys bottae).
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
EP  - 625
SN  - 10934529
AB  - Material Disposal Area G (Area G) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory is a low-level radioactive waste disposal facility. The noticeably high activity of pocket gophers on closed waste burial sites of various types at Area G resulted in the need to understand possible interactions between gophers and radioactive waste. Fossorial animals can influence the fate of contaminants by directly burrowing into waste trenches, pushing contaminated soil to the surface, or through indirect mechanisms such as consumption of contaminant-laden vegetation or the ingestion of soil. In our study, pocket gophers, mound soil, surface soil, and vegetation were collected at Area G and at offsite reference locations. The samples were analyzed for 241Am, 238Pu, 239Pu, 3H, and total U. It did not appear that gophers were responsible for any upward transport of radionuclides. Concentrations of 241Am, 238Pu, 239Pu, and 3H in some gophers, soil, and vegetation were higher than at reference sites; however, only 3H in gopher carcasses at only one of five sites within Area G was higher than a conservative ecological screening level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - LOW-level radiation
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - RODENTS
KW  - SOIL pollution
KW  - THOMOMYS bottae
KW  - Low-level radioactive waste
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Tritium
N1  - Accession Number: 12293258; Budd, R.L. 1 Gonzales, G.J. 1; Email Address: gonzales_g@lanl.gov Fresquez, P.R. 1 Lopez, E.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p611; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: LOW-level radiation; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: RODENTS; Subject Term: SOIL pollution; Subject Term: THOMOMYS bottae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-level radioactive waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/ESE-120027728
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gardner, Shea N.
AU  - Fernandes, Michael
T1  - Cytostatic anticancer drug development.
JO  - Journal of Experimental Therapeutics & Oncology
JF  - Journal of Experimental Therapeutics & Oncology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 18
PB  - Old City Publishing, Inc.
SN  - 13594117
AB  - This review focuses on clinical trials and the approval process in order to understand the discrepancy between vibrant science and the continuing failure of mechanism-based anticancer drugs. Clinical trials. Mechanistic trials in cancer require at least three elements: the assurance of tumor definition, knowledge of the natural history, and earlier intervention. Histologic identity is not a reliable surrogate of the functional nature or a predictor of the natural history. cDNA arrays and computational models have promise in improving diagnosis and prediction, and thereby making tailored therapy possible. The latter requires: the incorporation of initial and earlier rational combination therapy, dynamic models of disease progression, and methods to discourage the emergence of resistance. For cytostatics, and in early cancer, a delay in progression may represent a better index of survival than tumor shrinkage. Approval process. Since mechanistic similarities may outweigh therapeutic predictions based on organ-and histology-defined cancer, there is a need for a revised process that would allow for tailored treatment and initial combination therapy to improve safety, efficacy, and circumvent resistance. Conclusion. In order to translate the major and immediate potential of cytostatic drugs, clinical trials and the approval process may need to shift to a mechanism-based framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Experimental Therapeutics & Oncology is the property of Old City Publishing, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
KW  - CANCER treatment
KW  - DRUGS
KW  - CLINICAL trials
KW  - DRUG development
KW  - Anticancer drugs
KW  - cDNA microarrays
KW  - clinical trials
KW  - computational models
KW  - cytostatics
KW  - tailored treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 17494936; Gardner, Shea N. 1 Fernandes, Michael 2; Email Address: medbase@aol.com; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA  2: Medbase LLC, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; Subject Term: CANCER treatment; Subject Term: DRUGS; Subject Term: CLINICAL trials; Subject Term: DRUG development; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anticancer drugs; Author-Supplied Keyword: cDNA microarrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: clinical trials; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational models; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytostatics; Author-Supplied Keyword: tailored treatment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siegel, Robert W.
AU  - Coleman, James R.
AU  - Miller, Keith D.
AU  - Feldhaus, Michael J.
T1  - High efficiency recovery and epitope-specific sorting of an scFv yeast display library
JO  - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 286
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
SN  - 00221759
AB  - In order to more productively utilize the rich source of antigen-specific reagents present in the previously described non-immune single chain fragment variable (scFv) yeast display library [Nat. Biotechnol. 21 (2003) 163], one must be able to efficiently isolate and characterize clones within the library. To this end, we have developed and validated a magnetic bead sorting technique utilizing the Miltenyi Macs™ system to recover greater than 90% of the antigen-specific clones present in the library. In combination with flow cytometry, we rapidly reduced diversity and enriched for antigen-specific clones in three rounds of selection. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of pre-existing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for antigen labeling and subsequent flow cytometric sorting and characterization of epitope-specific scFv. Combining these two improvements in library screening allowed isolation and characterization of three epitope-specific scFv, including a previously uncharacterized epitope to a 6-kDa protein, epidermal growth factor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Immunological Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIGENIC determinants
KW  - YEAST
KW  - FLOW cytometry
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - EPIDERMAL growth factor
KW  - Antibodies
KW  - biotinylated 9E10 anti-c-myc mAb (bio-myc)
KW  - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
KW  - epidermal growth factor (EGF)
KW  - Epitope
KW  - equilibrium affinity constant (KD)
KW  - galactose/raffinose (G/R)
KW  - goat anti-mouse IgG (GaM)
KW  - histidine (HIS)
KW  - immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC)
KW  - kilodalton (kDa)
KW  - Library
KW  - monoclonal antibody (mAb)
KW  - phycoerythrin (PE)
KW  - scFv
KW  - Selections
KW  - single chain fragment variable (scFv)
KW  - synthetic dextrose plus casein amino acids (SD+CAA)
KW  - synthetic galactose/raffinose plus casein amino acids (SG/R+CAA)
KW  - variable heavy (VH)
KW  - variable light (VL)
KW  - Yeast display
N1  - Accession Number: 12838824; Siegel, Robert W. 1 Coleman, James R. 1 Miller, Keith D. 1 Feldhaus, Michael J.; Email Address: Michael.feldhaus@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN: K4-12, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. BOX 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 286 Issue 1/2, p141; Subject Term: ANTIGENIC determinants; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: FLOW cytometry; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Subject Term: EPIDERMAL growth factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibodies; Author-Supplied Keyword: biotinylated 9E10 anti-c-myc mAb (bio-myc); Author-Supplied Keyword: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Author-Supplied Keyword: epidermal growth factor (EGF); Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitope; Author-Supplied Keyword: equilibrium affinity constant (KD); Author-Supplied Keyword: galactose/raffinose (G/R); Author-Supplied Keyword: goat anti-mouse IgG (GaM); Author-Supplied Keyword: histidine (HIS); Author-Supplied Keyword: immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC); Author-Supplied Keyword: kilodalton (kDa); Author-Supplied Keyword: Library; Author-Supplied Keyword: monoclonal antibody (mAb); Author-Supplied Keyword: phycoerythrin (PE); Author-Supplied Keyword: scFv; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selections; Author-Supplied Keyword: single chain fragment variable (scFv); Author-Supplied Keyword: synthetic dextrose plus casein amino acids (SD+CAA); Author-Supplied Keyword: synthetic galactose/raffinose plus casein amino acids (SG/R+CAA); Author-Supplied Keyword: variable heavy (VH); Author-Supplied Keyword: variable light (VL); Author-Supplied Keyword: Yeast display; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jim.2004.01.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asatiani, Nino
AU  - Sapojnikova, Nelly
AU  - Abuladze, Marina
AU  - Kartvelishvili, Tamar
AU  - Kulikova, Nina
AU  - Kiziria, Eugene
AU  - Namchevadze, Emma
AU  - Holman, Hoi-Ying
T1  - Effects of Cr(VI) long-term and low-dose action on mammalian antioxidant enzymes (an in vitro study)
JO  - Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry
JF  - Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 98
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 490
SN  - 01620134
AB  - In order to investigate the low-dose long-term Cr(VI) action on antioxidant enzymes in cultured mammalian cells we estimated the activity of glutathione dependent antioxidant enzymes, catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) under various chromium concentrations in human epithelial-like L-41 cells. The long-term action of 20 μM causes the toxicity that results in losing of the cell viability by activating the apoptotic process, as identified by morphological analysis, the activation of caspase-3, and DNA fragmentation. The toxic chromium concentration totally destroys glutathione antioxidant system, and diminishes the activity of catalase and cytosolic Cu, ZnSOD. The non-toxic concentration (2 μM) causes the activation of the antioxidant defense systems, and they neutralize the oxidative impact. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIOXIDANTS
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - CELLS
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - GLUTATHIONE
KW  - HEXAVALENT chromium
KW  - Antioxidant enzymes
KW  - Apoptosis
KW  - Chromium(VI)
KW  - ROS
N1  - Accession Number: 12310008; Asatiani, Nino 1 Sapojnikova, Nelly 1; Email Address: nelly_sapojnikova@hotmail.com Abuladze, Marina 1 Kartvelishvili, Tamar 2 Kulikova, Nina 3 Kiziria, Eugene 1 Namchevadze, Emma 1 Holman, Hoi-Ying 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Georgian Academy of Sciences, 6, Tamarashvili Str., 0177 Tbilisi, Georgia  2: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi, Georgia  3: Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 98 Issue 3, p490; Subject Term: ANTIOXIDANTS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: GLUTATHIONE; Subject Term: HEXAVALENT chromium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antioxidant enzymes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apoptosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium(VI); Author-Supplied Keyword: ROS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2003.12.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seager, C.H.
AU  - Tallant, D.R.
AU  - Yu, J.
AU  - Götz, W.
T1  - Luminescence in GaN co-doped with carbon and silicon
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 106
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 00222313
AB  - GaN samples, containing various concentrations of carbon and doped intentionally with silicon, have been grown heteroepitaxially on sapphire using metal-organic-chemical-vapor deposition. Previous electrical and optical data, together with Density Functional calculations, have suggested that carbon is incorporated at acceptor and donor substitutional sites in this material; the relative importance of each is determined by the Fermi level position and the growth conditions. Here the luminescence behavior of these materials is examined in more detail, including spectral, temperature, and time dependences under ultraviolet light and electron beam excitation conditions. Particular attention is given to the commonly observed “yellow band” at <f>∼2.2 eV</f>, a blue luminescence at <f>∼3 eV</f> seen only in samples where carbon is the majority dopant, and ultraviolet bands near <f>∼3.3 eV</f>. Our data suggest that the latter two bands are both donor–acceptor related with the final state being the negatively charged state of a carbon atom substituting for nitrogen. In samples where carbon is the majority dopant, extended luminescence excitation at low temperatures results in large changes in the brightness of the yellow and blue luminescence bands. These effects are similar to other recent observations of luminescence metastability in high resistivity GaN, and we suggest that carbon plays a crucial role in this phenomenon. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - METAL organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - Carbon
KW  - GaN
KW  - Self-compensation
KW  - Yellow emission
N1  - Accession Number: 12170551; Seager, C.H. 1; Email Address: chseage@sandia.gov Tallant, D.R. 1 Yu, J. 2 Götz, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-1413, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Lumileds Lighting, San Jose, CA 95131, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 106 Issue 2, p115; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: METAL organic chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yellow emission; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jlumin.2003.08.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooke, D.W.
AU  - Bennett, B.L.
AU  - Muenchausen, R.E.
AU  - Lee, J.-K.
AU  - Nastasi, M.A.
T1  - Intrinsic ultraviolet luminescence from Lu2O3, Lu2SiO5 and Lu2SiO5:Ce3+
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 106
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 00222313
AB  - Radioluminescence and thermally stimulated luminescence measurements on Lu2O3, Lu2SiO5 (LSO) and Lu2SiO5:Ce3+ (LSO:Ce) reveal the presence of intrinsic ultraviolet luminescence bands. Characteristic emission with maximum at 256 nm occurs in each specimen and is attributed to radiative recombination of self-trapped excitons. Thermal quenching of this band obeys the Mott–Seitz relation yielding quenching energies 24, 38 and 13 meV for Lu2O3, LSO and LSO:Ce, respectively. A second intrinsic band appears at 315 nm in LSO and LSO:Ce, and at 368 nm in Lu2O3. Quenching curves for these bands show an initial increase in peak intensity followed by a decrease. Similarity in spectral peak position and quenching behavior indicate that this band has a common origin in each of the samples and is attributed to radiative recombination of self-trapped holes, in agreement with previous work on similar specimens. Comparison of glow curves and emission spectra show that the lowest temperature glow peaks in each specimen are associated with thermal decay of self-trapped excitons and self-trapped holes. Interplay between the intrinsic defects and extrinsic Ce3+ emission in LSO:Ce is strongly indicated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - LUTETIUM
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - Lutetium oxyorthosilicate
KW  - Self-trapped excitons
KW  - Self-trapped holes
N1  - Accession Number: 12170552; Cooke, D.W.; Email Address: cooke@lanl.gov Bennett, B.L. 1 Muenchausen, R.E. 1 Lee, J.-K. 1 Nastasi, M.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Structure/Property Relations, Materials Science & Tech Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 106 Issue 2, p125; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: LUTETIUM; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: SILICATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lutetium oxyorthosilicate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-trapped excitons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-trapped holes; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jlumin.2003.09.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, E. N.
AU  - White, S. R.
AU  - Sottos, N. R.
T1  - Microcapsule induced toughening in a self-healing polymer composite.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1703
EP  - 1710
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Microencapsulated dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) healing agent and Grubbs' Ru catalyst are incorporated into an epoxy matrix to produce a polymer composite capable of self-healing. The fracture toughness and healing efficiency of this composite are measured using a tapered double-cantilever beam (TDCB) specimen. Both the virgin and healed fracture toughness depend strongly on the size and concentration of microcapsules added to the epoxy. Fracture of the neat epoxy is brittle, exhibiting a mirror fracture surface. Addition of DCPD-filled urea-formaldehyde (UF) microcapsules yields up to 127% increase in fracture toughness and induces a change in the fracture plane morphology to hackle markings. The fracture toughness of epoxy with embedded microcapsules is much greater than epoxy samples with similar concentrations of silica microspheres or solid UF polymer particles. The increased toughening associated with fluid-filled microcapsules is attributed to increased hackle markings as well as subsurface microcracking not observed for solid particle fillers. Overall the embedded microcapsules provide two independent effects: the increase in virgin fracture toughness from general toughening and the ability to self-heal the virgin fracture event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - FILLERS (Materials)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 16622821; Brown, E. N. 1,2,3; Email Address: en_brown@lanl.gov White, S. R. 2,4; Email Address: swhite@uiuc.edu Sottos, N. R. 1,2; Email Address: n-sottos@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-E544, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 Talbot Laboratory, 104 S. Wright St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 5, p1703; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Subject Term: FILLERS (Materials); Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berndt, M. L.
AU  - Mancini, C. E.
T1  - Tensile tests on plain and fibre reinforced geothermal cements.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1727
EP  - 1733
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - The tensile behaviour of different geothermal well cement formulations was investigated in order to determine how these materials perform under such loading and how tensile capacity can be improved. The influence of latex, perlite and fibres on the load-displacement relationship of the cements was measured on notched cylinders. The fracture surfaces were examined to further elucidate failure mechanisms. Unreinforced cements exhibited linear elastic behaviour to different degrees and failed in a brittle manner. Cements reinforced with either carbon (150 μm) or steel (1–3 mm) microfibres required greater loads for failure. However, the microfibres did not provide any major improvement in ductility. Addition of 13 mm steel fibres to the cements resulted in both strengthening and transition to ductile behaviour. Inclusion of the types of fibres studied in this work in cements offers potential benefits in maintaining the integrity of geothermal wells when tensile stresses are involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRUCTURAL failures
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - ADHESIVE cements
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 16622817; Berndt, M. L. 1; Email Address: allan@bnl.gov Mancini, C. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 5, p1727; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRUCTURAL failures; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Subject Term: ADHESIVE cements; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Churchwell, Carla J.
AU  - Rintoul, Mark D.
AU  - Martin, Shawn
AU  - Visco Jr., Donald P.
AU  - Kotu, Archana
AU  - Larson, Richard S.
AU  - Sillerud, Laurel O.
AU  - Brown, David C.
AU  - Faulon, Jean-Loup
T1  - The signature molecular descriptor: 3. Inverse-quantitative structure–activity relationship of ICAM-1 inhibitory peptides
JO  - Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling
JF  - Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 10933263
AB  - We present a methodology for solving the inverse-quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) problem using the molecular descriptor called signature. This methodology is detailed in four parts. First, we create a QSAR equation that correlates the occurrence of a signature to the activity values using a stepwise multilinear regression technique. Second, we construct constraint equations, specifically the graphicality and consistency equations, which facilitate the reconstruction of the solution compounds directly from the signatures. Third, we solve the set of constraint equations, which are both linear and Diophantine in nature. Last, we reconstruct and enumerate the solution molecules and calculate their activity values from the QSAR equation. We apply this inverse-QSAR method to a small set of LFA-1/ICAM-1 peptide inhibitors to assist in the search and design of more-potent inhibitory compounds. Many novel inhibitors were predicted, a number of which are predicted to be more potent than the strongest inhibitor in the training set. Two of the more potent inhibitors were synthesized and tested in-vivo, confirming them to be the strongest inhibiting peptides to date. Some of these compounds can be recycled to train a new QSAR and develop a more focused library of lead compounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QSAR (Biochemistry)
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ICAM-1
KW  - Inverse-QSAR
KW  - LFA-1
KW  - QSAR
KW  - Signature descriptor
N1  - Accession Number: 12099722; Churchwell, Carla J. 1 Rintoul, Mark D. 1 Martin, Shawn 1 Visco Jr., Donald P. 2 Kotu, Archana 2 Larson, Richard S. 3 Sillerud, Laurel O. 3 Brown, David C. 3 Faulon, Jean-Loup 4; Email Address: jfaulon@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computational Biology, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0310, Albuquerque, NM, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Box 5013, Cookeville, TN, USA  3: Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, 915 Camino de Salud, CRF Rm 223, Albuquerque, NM, USA  4: Department of Computational Biology, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, P.O. Box 969, MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p263; Subject Term: QSAR (Biochemistry); Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: ICAM-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse-QSAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: LFA-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: QSAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signature descriptor; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmgm.2003.10.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ross, Sharon A.
AU  - Srinivas, Pothur R.
AU  - Clifford, Andrew J.
AU  - Lee, Stephen c.
AU  - Philbert, Martin A.
AU  - Hettich, Robert L.
T1  - New Technologies for Nutrition Research.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 134
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 685
SN  - 00223166
AB  - The Experimental Biology 2003 symposium entitled "New Technologies for Nutrition Research" was organized to highlight new and emerging technologies, including nanotechnology and proteomics, and to suggest ways for their integration into nutrition research. Speakers focused on topics that included accelerator mass spectrometry for ultra-low level radiolabel tracing, nanodevices for real-time optical intracellular sensing, mass spectrometric techniques for examining protein expression, as well as potential applications for nanotechnology in the food sciences. These technologies may be particularly useful in obtaining accurate spatial information and low-level detection of essential and nonessential bioactive food components (nutrients) and their metabolites, and in enhancing the understanding of the impact of nutrient/metabolite and biomolecular interactions. Highlights from this symposium are presented briefly herein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - NUTRITION
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL biology
KW  - accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - bioactive food components
KW  - food science
N1  - Accession Number: 12732780; Ross, Sharon A. 1; Email Address: rossha@mail.nih.gov Srinivas, Pothur R. 2 Clifford, Andrew J. 3 Lee, Stephen c. 4 Philbert, Martin A. 5 Hettich, Robert L. 6; Affiliation:  1: Nutritional Science Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD  2: Vascular Biology Research Program, Division of Heart and Vascular Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD  3: Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA  4: Ohio State University, College of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Center, Ohio State  University, Columbus, OH  5: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI  6: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 134 Issue 3, p681; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: NUTRITION; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioactive food components; Author-Supplied Keyword: food science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zou
AU  - P.
AU  - Shu
AU  - J.
AU  - Sears
AU  - T. J.
AU  - Hall
AU  - G. E.
AU  - North
AU  - S. W.
T1  - Photodissociation of Bromoform at 248 nm:  Single and Multiphoton Processes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 108
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1482
EP  - 1488
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We have performed photodissociation experiments on CHBr3 at 248 nm using VUV ionization photofragment translational spectroscopy. Prompt C-Br bond fission is the dominant single-photon dissociation channel. In addition to primary Br and CHBr2 signals, we observe Br, CHBr, CBr, HBr, and Br2 products attributed to secondary photodissociation of CHBr2 and CHBr. There are three competing fragmentation channels from the photodissociation of CHBr2:  CHBr + Br, CH + Br2, and CBr + HBr. The conclusion that Br2 fragments do not arise from a single-photon channel in appreciable yield is supported by transient FM absorption measurements of the CHBr radical. Because the molecular HBr and Br2 detachment channels are multiphoton processes, they will have very little impact on the atmospheric chemistry of CHBr3. We conclude that the most important photodissociation channel of CHBr3 in the UV region is C-Br bond breaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BROMOMETHANE
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
KW  - FRAGMENTATION reactions
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12400974; Zou P. 1 Shu J. 1 Sears T. J. 1 Hall G. E. 1 North S. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, and Chemistry Department, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 9, p1482; Subject Term: BROMOMETHANE; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; Subject Term: FRAGMENTATION reactions; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan
AU  - W.
AU  - Chen
AU  - B.
AU  - Mahurin
AU  - S. M.
AU  - Hagaman
AU  - E. W.
AU  - Dai
AU  - S.
AU  - Overbury
AU  - S. H.
T1  - Surface Sol-Gel Modification of Mesoporous Silica Materials with TiO2 for the Assembly of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 108
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2793
EP  - 2796
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The surface sol-gel method has been demonstrated to be an effective method for the modification of silica mesopore surfaces and the tuning of mesopore diameters. This layer-by-layer approach allows the control of mesopore diameters with monolayer precision. Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles were successfully prepared on surface-modified SBA-15 via a deposition-precipitation method. High catalytic activity for CO oxidation was found for such materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - GOLD
N1  - Accession Number: 12400997; Yan W. 1 Chen B. 1 Mahurin S. M. 1 Hagaman E. W. 1 Dai S. 1 Overbury S. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6201; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 9, p2793; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: GOLD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chari
AU  - K.
AU  - Kowalczyk
AU  - J.
AU  - Lal
T1  - Conformation of Poly(ethylene oxide) in Polymer-Surfactant Aggregates.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 108
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2857
EP  - 2861
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the conformation of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in water is studied using viscosity measurements and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The behavior, as a function of surfactant concentration above the critical aggregation concentration (CAC), can be described in terms of two separate regimes:  an initial regime in which micelles are attached to the coils but are noninteracting and a second regime in which there is interaction between the attached micelles. The latter is characterized by a strong increase in viscosity and other features similar to polyelectrolytes. On the contrary, in the initial regime, our results suggest a slight decrease in coil size under ambient conditions and a much more significant decrease at elevated temperatures. The cloud point of PEO in water exhibits a minimum as a function of surfactant concentration. We believe the minimum in the cloud point corresponds to a crossover from the noninteracting to the interacting regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE oxide
KW  - SODIUM dodecyl sulfate
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - CONFORMATIONAL analysis
KW  - MICELLES
N1  - Accession Number: 12401008; Chari K. 1 Kowalczyk J. 1 Lal; Affiliation:  1: Research & Development Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York 14650-2109, and IPNS Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4814; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 9, p2857; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE oxide; Subject Term: SODIUM dodecyl sulfate; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: CONFORMATIONAL analysis; Subject Term: MICELLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu
AU  - G.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Chang
AU  - Z.
AU  - Hrbek
AU  - J.
AU  - Peden
AU  - C. H. F.
T1  - Adsorption and Reaction of SO2 on Model Ce1-xZrxO2(111) Catalysts.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 108
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2931
EP  - 2938
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The interaction of SO2 with ceria-zirconia model catalysts was studied using high-resolution synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Epitaxial Ce1-xZrxO2(111) (x = 0.1 and 0.3) thin films (500-700 Å in thickness) were grown by oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on single-crystal Y-stabilized ZrO2(111). Slightly defective surfaces were achieved by vacuum annealing at 900 K, and highly defective surfaces with O vacancies were obtained by 1.5-keV Ne+ sputtering. On the slightly defective Ce0.9Zr0.1O1.95(111) and Ce0.7Zr0.3O1.95(111) surfaces, the only products upon SO2 adsorption at 300 K are SO4/SO3 species, which gradually desorb from the surface between 300 and 900 K. SO2 adsorption on the heavily reduced surfaces results in different behavior. A complex set of compounds is observed during adsorption and thermal conversion processes. The Ceδ+ states (δ ≤ 3) play a dominant role in the adsorption of SO2 and cleavage of S-O bonds. The relative amount of sulfur-derived adsorbates depends on the defect concentration:  the higher the Ceδ+ concentration, the larger the amount of formed atomic S. On Ce0.9Zr0.1O1.50(111) and Ce0.7Zr0.3O1.50(111) surfaces, sulfate, sulfite, and atomic sulfur species coexist at 300 K. The Zr cations increase the stability of the SO4/SO3 groups on the oxide surface. Thermal annealing (for Ce0.9 Zr0.1O1.50(111), >400 K; for Ce0.7Zr0.3O1.50(111), >700 K) leads to the formation of oxy-sulfides (M2O2S, M= Ce or Zr), which are converted from either sulfate or sulfite. The formation of the oxy-sulfides produces a substantial shift in the Zr 3d core levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SULFUR dioxide
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
N1  - Accession Number: 12401018; Liu G. 1 Rodriguez J. A. 1 Chang Z. 1 Hrbek J. 1 Peden C. H. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11953; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 9, p2931; Subject Term: SULFUR dioxide; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Micic
AU  - M.
AU  - Klymyshyn
AU  - N.
AU  - Lu
AU  - H. P.
T1  - Finite Element Method Simulations of the Near-Field Enhancement at the Vicinity of Fractal Rough Metallic Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 108
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2939
EP  - 2947
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report on (1) simulations of the influence of different surface morphologies on electromagnetic field enhancements at the rough surfaces of noble metals, and (2) the evaluations of the optimal conditions for the generation of a surface-enhanced Raman signal of absorbed species on a metallic substrate. All simulations were performed with a classical electrodynamics approach using the full set of Maxwell's equations that were solved with the three-dimensional finite element method (FEM). Two different classes of surfaces were modeled using fractals, representing dendritic and sponge-like structures. The simulations depict the high inhomogeneity of an enhanced electromagnetic field as that both a field enhancement and a field attenuation near the surface existed. While the dendritical fractals enhanced the local electromagnetic field, the sponge-like fractals significantly reduced the local electromagnetic field intensity. Moreover, the fractal orders of the fractal objects did not significantly alter the total enhancement, and the distribution of a near-field enhancement was essentially invariant to the changes in the angle of an incoming laser beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC surfaces
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - LASER beams
N1  - Accession Number: 12401019; Micic M. 1 Klymyshyn N. 1 Lu H. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Division, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 9, p2939; Subject Term: METALLIC surfaces; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: LASER beams; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miyabe
AU  - K.
AU  - Guiochon
AU  - G.
T1  - Comparison of the Characteristics of Adsorption Equilibrium and Surface Diffusion in Liquid-Solid and Gas-Solid Adsorption on C18-Silica Gels.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 108
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2987
EP  - 2997
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Four parameters characterizing the adsorption equilibrium, surface diffusion, and related thermodynamic properties were derived from pulse-response experiments in various reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) systems using C18-silica gels and aqueous solutions of three different organic modifiers, methanol, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran. The results were compared with corresponding data similarly measured by gas-solid chromatography on the same type of surface-modified silica gel, with helium. Information on the solvent effect on the adsorption characteristics was provided by the comparison of these experimental results. While the adsorption equilibrium constant and the heat of adsorption at infinite dilution were much larger in the gas-solid than in the RPLC system, the surface diffusion coefficient (Ds) and the activation energy of surface diffusion (Es) were of the same order of magnitude in both systems. Regarding surface diffusion, the logarithm of the frequency factor was linearly correlated with Es by the same straight line, suggesting the fundamental similarity of the surface diffusion mechanism in the gas-solid and liquid-solid systems. Calculations made on the basis of a surface-restricted diffusion model provide an explanation for the comparable values of Ds and Es in the two systems. In conclusion, the liquid phase in RPLC influences the thermodynamic parameters of surface diffusion as well as those of adsorption equilibrium, but similar values of Ds and Es are observed in both the two adsorption systems. A quantitative explanation of the similarities and differences of the characteristics and the mechanism of surface diffusion in gas-solid and liquid-solid adsorption systems is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA gel
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12401025; Miyabe K. 1 Guiochon G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 9, p2987; Subject Term: SILICA gel; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsibakhashvili, N. Ya.
AU  - Mosulishvili, L. M.
AU  - Kalabegishvili, T. L.
AU  - Kirkesali, E. I.
AU  - Frontasyeva, M. V.
AU  - Pomyakushina, E. V.
AU  - Pavlov, S. S.
AU  - Holman, H.-Y. N.
T1  - ENAA studies of chromium uptake by Arthrobacter oxydans.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 259
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
EP  - 531
SN  - 02365731
AB  - To study chromium uptake by Arthrobacter oxydans [Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria isolatedfrom Columbia basalt rocks, USA] the instrumental epithermal neutron activation analysis (ENAA) was applied. It was established that chromate accumulation is dose-dependent and it is most intensive in the interval of Cr(VI) concentrations (10-50 mg/l). At lower concentrations of Cr(VI) (up to 50 mg/l) the most intensive formation of Cr(V) was found using ESR method. Besides, it was established that reduction from Cr(VI) to Cr(V) is a faster process than the uptake of Cr(VI). According to ENAA measurements, in contrast to Cr(VI), Cr(III) is not accumulated in Arthrobacter oxydans cells up to concentrations of 200 mg/l. Using epithermal neutron activation analysis the background levels of 17 major, minor and trace elements were determined in Arthrobacter oxydans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARTHROBACTER
KW  - CHROMIUM compounds
KW  - NUCLEAR activation analysis
KW  - BACTERIAL growth
KW  - CORYNEBACTERIACEAE
KW  - TRACE elements
N1  - Accession Number: 15341699; Tsibakhashvili, N. Ya. 1; Email Address: ntsiba@gol.ge Mosulishvili, L. M. 1 Kalabegishvili, T. L. 1 Kirkesali, E. I. 1 Frontasyeva, M. V. 2 Pomyakushina, E. V. 2 Pavlov, S. S. 2 Holman, H.-Y. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Georgian Academy of Sciences Tbilisi 0177, Georgia.  2: Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna 141980, Russia.  3: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94 720, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 259 Issue 3, p527; Subject Term: ARTHROBACTER; Subject Term: CHROMIUM compounds; Subject Term: NUCLEAR activation analysis; Subject Term: BACTERIAL growth; Subject Term: CORYNEBACTERIACEAE; Subject Term: TRACE elements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sykora, Richard E.
AU  - Bean, Amanda C.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Runde, Wolfgang
AU  - Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E.
T1  - New one-dimensional uranyl and neptunyl iodates: crystal structures of K3[(UO2)2(IO3)6](IO3)·H2O and K[NpO2(IO3)3]·1.5H2O
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 177
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 725
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The uranyl and neptunyl(VI) iodates, K3[(UO2)2(IO3)6](IO3)·H2O <f>(1)</f> and K[NpO2(IO3)3]·1.5H2O <f>(2)</f>, have been prepared and crystallized under mild hydrothermal conditions. The structures of <f>1</f> and <f>2</f> both contain one-dimensional <f>∞1[AnO2(IO3)3]1−(An=U,Np)</f> ribbons that consist of approximately linear actinyl(VI) cations bound by iodate anions to yield AnO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The AnO7 units are linked by bridging iodate anions to yield chains that are in turn coupled by additional iodate anions to yield ribbons. The edges of the ribbons are terminated by monodentate iodate anions. For <f>1</f> and <f>2</f>, K+ cations and water molecules separate the ribbons from one another. In addition, isolated iodate anions are also found between <f>∞1[UO2(IO3)3]1−</f> ribbons in <f>1</f>. In order to aid in the assignment of oxidation states in neptunyl containing compounds, a bond-valence sum parameter of 2.018 A˚ for Np(VI) bound exclusively to oxygen has been developed with b=0.37 A˚. Crystallographic data (193 K, MoKα, λ=0.71073): <f>1</f>, triclinic, <f>P1¯</f>, a=7.0609(4) A˚, b=14.5686(8)  A˚, c=14.7047(8)  A˚, α=119.547(1)°, β=95.256(1)°, γ=93.206(1)°, Z=2, R(F)=2.49% for 353 parameters with 6414 reflections with I>2σ(I); (203 K, MoKα, λ=0.71073): 2, monoclinic, P21/c, a=7.796(4)  A˚, b=7.151(3)  A˚, c=21.79(1)  A˚, β=97.399(7)°, Z=4, R(F)=6.33% for 183 parameters with 2451 reflections with I>2σ(I). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IODATES
KW  - IODINE compounds
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Hydrothermal synthesis
KW  - Neptamyl iodal Actinides
KW  - Uranyl iodate
N1  - Accession Number: 12504359; Sykora, Richard E. 1 Bean, Amanda C. 1,2 Scott, Brian L. 2 Runde, Wolfgang 2 Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: albreth@auburn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Leach Nuclear Science Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 177 Issue 3, p725; Subject Term: IODATES; Subject Term: IODINE compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neptamyl iodal Actinides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranyl iodate; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2003.08.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haas, O.
AU  - Struis, R.P.W.J.
AU  - McBreen, J.M.
T1  - Synchrotron X-ray absorption of LaCoO3 perovskite
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 177
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1000
SN  - 00224596
AB  - LaCoO3 perovskite was prepared at 700°C using citrate precursors. The product was then characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The powder XRD pattern indicates rhombohedral <f>(R3¯c)</f> or its monoclinic <f>I2/a</f> subgroup symmetry. The electronic configuration and the short-range atomic structure of the LaCoO3 perovskite at room temperature were investigated using synchrotron near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS). From the XANES region of the XAS we conclude that Co(III) is at least partly in its intermediate- or high-spin state, which is in accordance with most of the published literature on LaCoO3 perovskite. The EXAFS region of the LaCoO3 perovskite spectrum, which up to now was almost not investigated, was simulated satisfactorily for the first two radial structure peaks in terms of the dominant scattering contributions generated with the FEFF8 code and the structural information available from crystallographic data. The best simulation results were obtained with <f>I2/a</f> symmetry. The obtained amplitude reduction factor, zero-energy shift and Debye–Waller factors are useful reference values for data analyses of similar compounds like partly substituted LaCoO3 perovskite, such as La1−xCaxCoO3 or La1−xSrxCoO3, which are materials of technical interest in catalyst and other applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - FEFF8 simulation
KW  - LaCoO3
KW  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12504398; Haas, O. 1; Email Address: otto.haas@psi.ch Struis, R.P.W.J. 1 McBreen, J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Paul Scherrer Institut, General Energy Research, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Materials Science Department, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 177 Issue 3, p1000; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEFF8 simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: LaCoO3; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2003.10.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ablett, J.M.
AU  - L.E. Berman, J.M.
AU  - C.C. Kao, J.M.
AU  - Rakowsky, G.
AU  - Lynch, D.
T1  - Small-gap insertion-device development at the National Synchrotron Light Source--performance of the new X13 mini-ap undulator.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 131
SN  - 09090495
AB  - The National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) 2.8 GeV electron storage ring continues to set high standards in insertion-device research and development. The Chasman-Green NSLS lattice design provides for dispersion-free long straight sections in addition to a very small vertical β function. As the electron beam size is proportional to the square root of this function, a program to exploit this feature was undertaken more than a decade ago by implementing short-period small-gap insertion devices in the NSLS storage ring. The possibility of utilizing existing moderate-energy synchrotron radiation electron storage rings to produce high-brightness photon beams into the harder X-ray region have been realised using in-vacuum undulators. In this article the operation of a 1.25 cmperiod mini-gap undulator, operating down to a gap of 3.3 mm within the NSLS X13 straight section, is reported. It is the brightest source of hard X-rays in the energy range ∼3.7-16 kev at the NSLS, and replaces an in-vacuum undulator which had a more limited tunability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - X-rays
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - mini-gap
KW  - small gap
KW  - undulators
N1  - Accession Number: 12691045; Ablett, J.M. 1; Email Address: jablett@bnl.gov L.E. Berman, J.M. 1 C.C. Kao, J.M. 1 Rakowsky, G. 1 Lynch, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: mini-gap; Author-Supplied Keyword: small gap; Author-Supplied Keyword: undulators; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049503022921
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12691045&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chumakov, Aleksandr
AU  - Rüffer, Rudolf
AU  - Leupold, Olaf
AU  - Celse, Jean-Philippe
AU  - Martel, Keith
AU  - Rossat, Michel
AU  - Wah-Keat Lee
T1  - Performance of a cryogenic silicon mono-chromator under extreme heat load.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
EP  - 141
SN  - 09090495
AB  - The performance of an indirectly cooled cryogenic silicon monochromator under heat loads up to 870 W has been studied. The investigation was performed over numerous parameters and included measurements of total flux, spectral density, rocking curves, angular beam profiles and crystal slope errors. An almost ideal monochromator performance was observed in the 270-570 W range of the heating power. At a heat load of ∼400 W and under standard operation conditions, the crystal distortions did not exceed 1 µrad. At the highest available heat load of 870 W, the crystal distortions were about 7 µrad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - cryogenic cooling
KW  - high-heat-load optics
N1  - Accession Number: 12691046; Chumakov, Aleksandr 1; Email Address: chumakov@esrf.fr Rüffer, Rudolf 1 Leupold, Olaf 1 Celse, Jean-Philippe 1 Martel, Keith 1 Rossat, Michel 1 Wah-Keat Lee 1,2; Affiliation:  1: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), France  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p132; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: cryogenic cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-heat-load optics; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049503024142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shastri, S.D.
T1  - Combining flat crystals, bent crystals and compound refractive lenses for high-energy X-ray optics.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 156
SN  - 09090495
AB  - Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) are effective for collimating or focusing high-energy X-ray beams (50-100 keV) and can be used in conjunction with crystal optics in a variety of configurations, as demonstrated at the 1-ID undulator beamline of the Advanced Photon Source. As a primary example, this article describes the quadrupling of the output flux when a collimating CRL, composed of cylindrical holes in aluminium, is inserted between two successive monochromators, i.e. a modest-energy-resolution premonochromator followed by a high-resolution monochromator. The premonochromator is a cryogenically cooled divergence-preserving bent doubleLaue Si(111) crystal device delivering an energy width ΔE/E ... 10-3, which is sufficient for most experiments. The high-resolution monochromator is a four-reflection flat Si(111) crystal system resembling two channel-cuts in a dispersive arrangement, reducing the bandwidth to less than 10-4, as required for some applications. Tests with 67 and 81 kev photon energies show that the highresolution monochromator, having a narrow angular acceptance of a few microradians, exhibits a fourfold throughput enhancement due to the insertion of a CRL that reduces the premonochromatized beam's vertical divergence from 29 µrad to a few microradians. The ability to focus high-energy X-rays with CRLs having long focal lengths (tens of meters) is also shown by creating a line focus of 70-90 µm beam height in the beamline end-station with both the modest-energyresolution and the high-energy-resolution monochromatic X-rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - X-rays
KW  - X-ray refraction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - high-energy X-rays
KW  - refractive lenses
N1  - Accession Number: 12691048; Shastri, S.D. 1; Email Address: shastri@aps.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Proton Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p150; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: X-ray refraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-energy X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: refractive lenses; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049503023586
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12691048&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Degueldre, Claude
AU  - Reed, Donald
AU  - Kropf, A. Jeremy
AU  - Mertz, Carol
T1  - XAFS study of americium sorbed onto groundwater colloids.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
EP  - 203
SN  - 09090495
AB  - The sorption of americium, as Am(III), onto groundwater colloids obtained from a marl aquifer was studied in 2 × 10-2M sodium bicarbonate groundwater and 2 × 10-2 M sodium chloride bicarbonate-free solutions. At the in situ groundwater pH of 8.6, the americium was strongly sorbed onto the colloids. XAFS analyses were performed on these sorbed Am species to establish the oxidation state and its near-neighbour bonding. These XAFS data, obtained at 400 mg l-1 colloid concentrations and total Am concentration of 1.53 × 10-5M (dissolved and onto colloids), indicated that Am remains trivalent, and that surface complexes are formed with the colloids without surface precipitation. This conclusion is based on the absence of Am—Am interactions in the second or third shells. The surface complexes generated by the Am(III) sorbed onto active sites are described on the basis of the XAFS data. They include the presence of about seven water molecules around the ternary surface complexes of this trivalent actinide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - AMERICIUM
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - americium
KW  - sorption
KW  - XAFS
N1  - Accession Number: 12691055; Degueldre, Claude 1; Email Address: claude.degueldre@psi.ch Reed, Donald 2 Kropf, A. Jeremy 2 Mertz, Carol 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Energy and Safety Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p198; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: AMERICIUM; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: americium; Author-Supplied Keyword: sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAFS; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049503024683
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12691055&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, Timothy
AU  - Demkowicz, Leszek
AU  - Charles, Richard
T1  - Boundary element modeling of the external human auditory system.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 115
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1033
EP  - 1043
SN  - 00014966
AB  - In this paper the response of the external auditory system to acoustical waves of varying frequencies and angles of incidence is computed using a boundary element method. The resonance patterns of both the ear canal and the concha are computed and compared with experimental data. Specialized numerical algorithms are developed that allow for the efficient computation of the eardrum pressures. In contrast to previous results in the literature that consider only the "blocked meatus" configuration, in this work the simulations are conducted on a boundary element mesh that includes both the external head/ear geometry, as well as the ear canal and eardrum. The simulation technology developed in this work is intended to demonstrate the utility of numerical analysis in studying physical phenomena related to the external auditory system. Later work could extend this towards simulating in situ hearing aids, and possibly using the simulations as a tool for optimizing hearing aid technologies for particular individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUDITORY pathways
KW  - HEARING
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - EXTERNAL ear
KW  - TYMPANIC membrane
N1  - Accession Number: 20665891; Walsh, Timothy 1 Demkowicz, Leszek 2 Charles, Richard 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0835, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: Texas Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics, The University of Texas at Austin, ACES 6.332, Austin, Texas 78712  3: Sulzer Carbomedics, 1300 E. Anderson Lane, Austin, Texas 78752; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 115 Issue 3, p1033; Subject Term: AUDITORY pathways; Subject Term: HEARING; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Subject Term: EXTERNAL ear; Subject Term: TYMPANIC membrane; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 23 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 24 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1643360
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Chong-Min
AU  - Chan, Helen M.
AU  - Harmer, Martin P.
T1  - Effect of Nd2O3 Doping on the Densification and Abnormal Grain Growth Behavior of High-Purity Alumina.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 87
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 378
EP  - 383
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - The densification behavior and microstructural development of high-purity Al2O3 doped with different levels of Nd203 were investigated. Dopant levels ranged from 100–1000 ppm (Nd/Al atomic ratio). The densification behavior of the doped powders was studied using constant heating rate dilatometry. It was found that neodymium additions inhibited densification, with a corresponding increase in the apparent activation energy. The level of grain-boundary segregation was studied using high-resolution analytical electron microscopy. At dilute concentrations, the degree of neodymium grain-boundary excess was found to be consistent with a simple geometrical model relating this quantity to the overall dopant concentration and average grain size. For certain combinations of dopant level and heat treatment, supersaturation of the grain boundaries was observed, which was found to correlate with the onset of abnormal grain growth. Possible explanations for this behavior are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - HEAT engineering
KW  - CERAMIC powders
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12622922; Wang, Chong-Min 1 Chan, Helen M. 2 Harmer, Martin P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  2: Center for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 87 Issue 3, p378; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: HEAT engineering; Subject Term: CERAMIC powders; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raghavan, Srinivasan
AU  - Hsin Wang
AU  - Dinwiddie, Ralph B.
AU  - Porter, Wallace D.
AU  - Vaβen, Robert
AU  - Stöver, Detlev
AU  - Mayo, Merrilea J.
T1  - Ta2O5/Nb2O5 and Y2O3 Co-doped Zirconias for Thermal Barrier Coatings.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 87
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 437
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Zirconia doped with 3.2–4.2 mol% (6–8 wt%) yttria (3–4YSZ) is currently the material of choice for thermal barrier coating topcoats. The present study examines the ZrO2-Y2O3Ta2O5/Nb2O5 systems for potential alternative chemistries that would overcome the limitations of the 3–4YSZ. A rationale for choosing specific compositions based on the effect of defect chemistry on the thermal conductivity and phase stability in zirconia-based systems is presented. The results show that it is possible to produce stable (for up to 200 h at 1000°-1500°C), single (tetragonal) or dual (tetragonal + cubic) phase chemistries that have thermal conductivity that is as low (1.8–2.8W/m K) as the 3–4YSZ, a wide range of elastic moduli (150–232 GPa), and a similar mean coefficient of thermal expansion at 1000°C. The chemistries can be plasma sprayed without change in composition or deleterious effects to phase stability. Preliminary burner rig testing results on one of the compositions are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - CERAMIC coating
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12622985; Raghavan, Srinivasan 1 Hsin Wang 1,2 Dinwiddie, Ralph B. 2 Porter, Wallace D. 2 Vaβen, Robert 3 Stöver, Detlev 3 Mayo, Merrilea J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, oak Ridge, Tennessee  3: Institute for Materials and Processing in Energy Sytems, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 87 Issue 3, p431; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: CERAMIC coating; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shvartsburg, Alexandre A.
AU  - Jones, Richard C.
T1  - Attachment of metal trications to peptides
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 406
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Gas-phase complexes of triply charged metal ions with peptides may be readily produced using electrospray ionization, including for small peptides such as bradykinin and peptides with no basic residues such as insulin chain A. Attachment without charge-reduction is demonstrated for all trications studied: La3+, Al3+, Ga3+, Fe3+, V3+, and Cr3+. The intensities of adducts are often comparable to, or even exceed, those of protonated analogs in any charge state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - BRADYKININ
KW  - INSULIN
N1  - Accession Number: 12379816; Shvartsburg, Alexandre A. 1; Email Address: alexandre.shvartsburg@pnl.gov Jones, Richard C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA  2: Chemistry Division, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p406; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: BRADYKININ; Subject Term: INSULIN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2003.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antti, M.-L.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, E.
AU  - Warren, R.
T1  - Thermal degradation of an oxide fibre (Nextel 720)/aluminosilicate composite
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
SN  - 09552219
AB  - The effect of thermal exposure on the microstructure and tensile stress–strain behaviour has been investigated for composites of woven continuous oxide fibres (Nextel 720) in a porous aluminosilicate matrix. The tensile tests were carried out on straight-sided, centre hole notched plates with 0/90° and ±45° orientations. The as-received material was slightly notch sensitive in that the net section fracture stress decreased somewhat with increasing hole diameter but much less than predicted for an ideally elastic, fully notch-sensitive material. After exposure at 1100 °C and for long time at 1000 °C in air the composite was embrittled. In the 0/90 composite this resulted in a reduced fracture strength, a reduced strain to failure as well as a reduced fracture toughness and damage zone size. After exposure for 100 h at 1100 °C (the most extreme exposure applied) the material also became significantly more notch sensitive and had failure characteristics similar to those of a monolithic ceramic. The ±45 composite was also embrittled which resulted in a reduced strain to failure but an increase in fracture strength. Density measurements and observations on the microstructure and fracture surfaces indicated that the embrittlement was due mainly to localised densification of the matrix and an increase in fibre/matrix bonding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL stresses
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - ALUMINUM silicates
KW  - Composites
KW  - Fibres
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Nextel fibres
KW  - Thermal degradation
N1  - Accession Number: 11041784; Antti, M.-L. 1; Email Address: marta-lena.antti@mb.luth.se Lara-Curzio, E. 2 Warren, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering Materials, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6064, USA  3: Materials Science Group, Division of Innovation, Production and Management, Malmö University, 20506 Malmö, Sweden; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p565; Subject Term: THERMAL stresses; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM silicates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fibres; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nextel fibres; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal degradation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00250-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frahm, Nicole
AU  - Korber, B.T.
AU  - Adams, C.M.
AU  - Szinger, J.J.
AU  - Draenert, R.
AU  - Addo, M.M.
AU  - Feeney, M.E.
AU  - Yusim, K.
AU  - Sango, K.
AU  - Brown, N.V.
AU  - SenGupta, D.
AU  - Piechocka-Trocha, A.
AU  - Simonis, T.
AU  - Marincola, F.M.
AU  - Wurcel, A.G.
AU  - Stone, D.R.
AU  - Russell, C.J.
AU  - Adolf, P.
AU  - Cohen, D.
T1  - Consistent Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Targeting of Immunodominant Regions in Human Immunodeficiency Virus across Multiple Ethnicities.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 78
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2187
EP  - 2200
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Although there is increasing evidence that virus-specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses play an important role in the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vivo, only scarce CTL data are available for the ethnic populations currently most affected by the epidemic. In this study, we examined the CD8+-T-cell responses in African-American, Caucasian, Hispanic, and Caribbean populations in which clade B virus dominates and analyzed the potential factors influencing immune recognition. Total HIV-specific CD8+-T-cell responses were determined by enzyme-linked immunospot assays in 150 HIV-infected individuals by using a clade B consensus sequence peptide set spanning all HIV proteins. A total of 88% of the 410 tested peptides were recognized, and Nef- and Gag-specific responses dominated the total response for each ethnicity in terms of both breadth and magnitude. Three dominantly targeted regions within these proteins that were recognized by >90% of individuals in each ethnicity were identified. Overall, the total breadth and magnitude of CD8+-T-cell responses correlated with individuals' CD4 counts but not with viral loads. The frequency of recognition for each peptide was highly correlated with the relative conservation of the peptide sequence, the presence of predicted immunoproteasomal cleavage sites within the C-terminal half of the peptide, and a reduced frequency of amino acids that impair binding of optimal epitopes to the restricting class I molecules. The present study thus identifies factors that contribute to the immunogenicity of these highly targeted and relatively conserved sequences in HIV that may represent promising vaccine candidates for ethnically heterogeneous populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL-mediated cytotoxicity
KW  - T cells
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ETHNIC groups
KW  - AMINO acids
N1  - Accession Number: 12517891; Frahm, Nicole 1 Korber, B.T. 2,3 Adams, C.M. 4 Szinger, J.J. 2 Draenert, R. 1 Addo, M.M. 1 Feeney, M.E. 1 Yusim, K. 2 Sango, K. 1 Brown, N.V. 1 SenGupta, D. 1 Piechocka-Trocha, A. 1 Simonis, T. 5 Marincola, F.M. 5 Wurcel, A.G. 1,6 Stone, D.R. 6 Russell, C.J. 7 Adolf, P. 7 Cohen, D. 8; Email Address: brander@helix.mgh.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe  4: Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital  5: Clinical Center, National Institute of Health  6: Lemuel Shattuck Hospital  7: Fenway Community Health Center  8: Queen Elizabeth Hospital; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p2187; Subject Term: CELL-mediated cytotoxicity; Subject Term: T cells; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ETHNIC groups; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 21 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.5.2187-2200.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kulp, Thomas J.
AU  - Kliner, Dahv A. V.
AU  - Armstrong, Karla M.
AU  - Goers, Uta-Barbara
AU  - Sommers, Ricky
AU  - Bambha, Ray P.
AU  - Reichardt, Thomas A.
AU  - Schmitt, Randall
T1  - Portable laser-based imager offers efficient hydrocarbon detection.
JO  - Laser Focus World
JF  - Laser Focus World
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 98
PB  - PennWell Corporation
SN  - 10438092
AB  - Focuses on the infrared wavelengths enabling backscatter-absorption gas imaging in natural gas and petroleum industry applications.  Application of laser and sensor technologies; Visualization of methane and larger hydrocarbon vapors; Increase in the speed of leak detection operations.
KW  - INFRARED technology
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - LEAK detectors
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - GAS industry
KW  - PETROLEUM industry
N1  - Accession Number: 12614938; Kulp, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: tjkulp@sandia.gov Kliner, Dahv A. V. 1 Armstrong, Karla M. 1 Goers, Uta-Barbara 1 Sommers, Ricky 1 Bambha, Ray P. 1 Reichardt, Thomas A. 1 Schmitt, Randall 1; Affiliation:  1: Diagnostic and Remote Sensing Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, Canada; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p93; Subject Term: INFRARED technology; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: LEAK detectors; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: GAS industry; Subject Term: PETROLEUM industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213112 Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454311 Heating oil dealers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sugama, Toshifumi
T1  - Hydrothermal degradation of polybenzimidazole coating
JO  - Materials Letters
JF  - Materials Letters
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 58
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1307
SN  - 0167577X
AB  - The usefulness of a room-temperature film-forming polybenzimidazole (PBI) resin as a high-temperature anti-corrosion coating for carbon steel in geothermal environments was evaluated. PBI displayed thermal stability at temperatures up to 600 °C. However, when its film was exposed to 300 °C brine, it underwent hydrolysis, which causes the opening and breakage of imidazole rings in the PBI structure, followed by the formation of two hydrolysate derivatives, biphenyl tetra-amine and benzodicarboxylic acid. This shortcoming lowered the film''s maximum effectiveness in minimizing the rate of transportation through it of corrosive electrolytes in hydrothermal environments. As a result, the PBI coating film was hydrothermally degraded, and it delaminated from the underlying steel substrates after a 14-day exposure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMIDAZOLES
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - BIPHENYL compounds
KW  - CARBON steel
KW  - Coating
KW  - Hydrothermal degradation
KW  - Polybenzimidazole
N1  - Accession Number: 12042668; Sugama, Toshifumi 1; Email Address: sugama@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Resources Division, Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 58 Issue 7/8, p1307; Subject Term: IMIDAZOLES; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: BIPHENYL compounds; Subject Term: CARBON steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal degradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polybenzimidazole; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matlet.2003.09.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howard, D.L
AU  - Bragen, M.J
AU  - Burke Jr., J.F
AU  - Love, R.J
T1  - PORTSIM 5: Modeling from a seaport level
JO  - Mathematical & Computer Modelling
JF  - Mathematical & Computer Modelling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 715
EP  - 731
SN  - 08957177
AB  - This paper describes PORTSIM 5, a discrete-event seaport simulation model. Specifically, we discuss the developmental efforts and existing system limitations that have led up to the current efforts being undertaken by the Military Traffic Management Command Transportation Engineering Agency and Argonne National Laboratory. PORTSIM 5 builds on the knowledge and expertise gained from two preceding port simulation models, PORTSIM 4.3 and CPORTS 1.4, and incorporates a set of rules and conventions to address the issue of resource competition. We will provide a brief description of the preceding models and illustrate their individual shortcomings. The paper will go on to describe PORTSIM 5 and the three main areas it models, port areas of operation, port processes, and port resources. Port resource allocation methods will also be addressed. In PORTSIM 5, the graphical user interface (GUI) has been decoupled from the simulation. Here we provide a short section on the GUI and illustrate with sample screens and output. Finally, future enhancements are suggested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical & Computer Modelling is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HARBORS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - OPERATIONS research
KW  - GRAPHICAL user interfaces (Computer systems)
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Logistics
KW  - Military
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Port
KW  - Seaport
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Transportation
N1  - Accession Number: 13955274; Howard, D.L; Email Address: dhoward@anl.gov Bragen, M.J 1; Email Address: bragen@anl.gov Burke Jr., J.F 1; Email Address: jay@anl.gov Love, R.J 1; Email Address: love@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 6-8, p715; Subject Term: HARBORS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: OPERATIONS research; Subject Term: GRAPHICAL user interfaces (Computer systems); Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrastructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Logistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Military; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Port; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seaport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488310 Port and Harbor Operations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burke Jr., J.F
AU  - Love, R.J
AU  - Macal, C.M
T1  - Modelling force deployments from army installations using the Transportation System Capability (TRANSCAP) model: A standardized approach
JO  - Mathematical & Computer Modelling
JF  - Mathematical & Computer Modelling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 733
EP  - 744
SN  - 08957177
AB  - Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) developed the transportation system capability (TRANSCAP) model to simulate the deployment of forces from Army bases, in collaboration with and under the sponsorship of the Military Transportation Management Command Transportation Engineering Agency (MTMCTEA). TRANSCAP''s design separates its pre- and post-processing modules (developed in Java) from its simulation module (developed in MODSIM III®). This paper describes TRANSCAP''s modelling approach, emphasizing Argonne''s highly detailed, object-oriented, multilanguage software design principles. Fundamental to these design principles is TRANSCAP''s implementation of an improved method for standardizing the transmission of simulated data to output analysis tools and the implementation of three Army deployment/redeployment community standards, all of which are in the final phases of community acceptance. The first is the extensive hierarchy and object representation for transport simulations (EXHORT), which is a reusable, object-oriented deployment simulation source code framework of classes. The second and third are algorithms for rail deployment operations at a military base. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical & Computer Modelling is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MILITARY transportation
KW  - ARMED Forces
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - Army standards
KW  - Deployment
KW  - Discrete-event simulation
KW  - Object-oriented analysis
KW  - Object-oriented design
KW  - Standardization
KW  - Transportation
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 13955275; Burke Jr., J.F; Email Address: jay@anl.gov Love, R.J 1; Email Address: love@anl.gov Macal, C.M 1; Email Address: macal@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Ave, Bldg. 900 Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 6-8, p733; Subject Term: MILITARY transportation; Subject Term: ARMED Forces; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Army standards; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deployment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete-event simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Object-oriented analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Object-oriented design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standardization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transportation; Company/Entity: ARGONNE National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Groningen, C
AU  - Blachowicz, D
AU  - Braun, M
AU  - Widing, M
T1  - Performing comprehensive reception, staging, onward movement, and integration analysis in a theater of operations
JO  - Mathematical & Computer Modelling
JF  - Mathematical & Computer Modelling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 945
EP  - 961
SN  - 08957177
AB  - The enhanced logistics support tool (ELIST) is a comprehensive information management and discrete event simulation program for analyzing the deployment of military units into a theater of operations. ELIST performs a detailed vehicle-level simulation of the reception, staging, onward movement, and integration of forces. This simulation receives loaded ships and planes at the ports, unloads them, and transports the personnel and cargo using air, water, rail, road, and pipeline modes of transportation. ELIST then generates a variety of reports and graphs that are structured to be multilevel, allowing the users to navigate through the results to determine the problems or constraints of the scenario. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical & Computer Modelling is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - LOGISTICS
KW  - MILITARY art & science
KW  - DEPLOYMENT (Military strategy)
KW  - Deployment
KW  - Java
KW  - Military
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Transportation
N1  - Accession Number: 13955287; Van Groningen, C 1; Email Address: vang@anl.gov Blachowicz, D 1; Email Address: blach@dis.anl.gov Braun, M 1; Email Address: duffy@dis.anl.gov Widing, M 1; Email Address: widing@dis.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory Decision and Information Sciences Division 9700 S. Cass Ave., Building 900 Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 6-8, p945; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; Subject Term: LOGISTICS; Subject Term: MILITARY art & science; Subject Term: DEPLOYMENT (Military strategy); Author-Supplied Keyword: Deployment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Java; Author-Supplied Keyword: Military; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Di Mascio, Michele
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Markowitz, Martin
AU  - Ho, David D.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Modeling the long-term control of viremia in HIV-1 infected patients treated with antiretroviral therapy
JO  - Mathematical Biosciences
JF  - Mathematical Biosciences
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 188
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
SN  - 00255564
AB  - Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), administered to a HAART-naı¨ve patient, perturbs the steady state of chronic infection. This perturbation provides an opportunity to investigate the existence and dynamics of different sources of viral production. Models of HIV dynamics can be used to make a comparative analysis of the efficacies of different drug regimens. When HAART is administered for long periods of time, most patients achieve ‘undetectable’ viral loads (VLs), i.e., below 50 copies/ml. Use of an ultrasensitive VL assay demonstrates that some of these patients obtain a low steady state VL in the range 5–50 copies/ml, while others continue to exhibit VL declines to below 5 copies/ml. Interestingly, when patients exhibit continued declines below 50 copies/ml the virus has a half-life of ∼6 months, consistent with some estimates of the rate of latent cell decline. Some patients, despite having sustained undetectable VLs, show periods of transient viremia (blips). We present a statistical characterization of the blips observed in a set of 123 patients, suggesting that patients have different tendencies to show blips during the period of VL suppression, that intermittent episodes of viremia have common amplitude profiles, and that VL decay from the peak of a blip may have two phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Biosciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIRETROVIRAL agents
KW  - INFECTION
KW  - HIV antibodies
KW  - AIDS
KW  - HIV
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Viral dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12098806; Di Mascio, Michele 1 Ribeiro, Ruy M. 1 Markowitz, Martin 2 Ho, David D. 2 Perelson, Alan S. 1; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1 Los Alamos Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545-0001, USA  2: Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 188 Issue 1/2, p47; Subject Term: ANTIRETROVIRAL agents; Subject Term: INFECTION; Subject Term: HIV antibodies; Author-Supplied Keyword: AIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viral dynamics; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mbs.2003.08.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Taejung
AU  - Son, Seung-kil
AU  - Sarma, Sanjay E.
T1  - On actuator reversal motions of machine tools
JO  - Mechanism & Machine Theory
JF  - Mechanism & Machine Theory
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 0094114X
AB  - When joints in a machine tool reverse the direction of their motion, non-linearities that are ignored in machine design and control are reflected noticeably in the accuracy of machined surfaces. For example, friction characteristics of a machine tool become highly non-linear at low operating speeds, demanding sophisticated compensation. We present a theoretical treatment of the kinematics of reversals and reversal free paths of machine tools. We visualize and compare reversal characteristics of active joints in serial, parallel, and hybrid mechanisms for various trajectories and sweeping patterns. Reversal characteristics have implications both in the design of machine tools and in path planning. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanism & Machine Theory is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACHINE-tools
KW  - MOTION
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - Friction
KW  - Kinematics
KW  - Machine tool
KW  - Reversal
N1  - Accession Number: 12168483; Kim, Taejung 1 Son, Seung-kil 2 Sarma, Sanjay E. 1; Email Address: sesarma@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 35-010, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p299; Subject Term: MACHINE-tools; Subject Term: MOTION; Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinematics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Machine tool; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reversal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333517 Machine Tool Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238299 All other building equipment contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333515 Cutting Tool and Machine Tool Accessory Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2003.09.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D. Kline
AU  - L. Vimmerstedt
AU  - R. Benioff
T1  - Clean energy technology transfer: A review of programs under the UNFCCC.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 35
SN  - 13812386
AB  - This paper describes the experience and results of programs designed to operationalize the technology transfer provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). These programs share a common goal of demonstrating modalities for developed country parties to fulfill their obligation under the UNFCCC to support technology transfer to developing country parties that facilitates their participation in global efforts to combat climate changes. Several related U.S. bilateral programs and programs supported by the Climate Technology Initiative, a multilateral effort on behalf of a number of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, are included in this review. The discussion highlights a number of common elements of the approaches of many of these programs as well as some differences. It presents case studies that focus on methods and results in China, Mexico, and Southern Africa, and catalogues and describes the implementation activities and results that these programs have achieved. It concludes by assessing the implications of this experience for the international community as it moves forward with the climate change technology transfer enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Technology transfer
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Force & energy
KW  - Developed countries
N1  - Accession Number: 20391751; D. Kline 1; L. Vimmerstedt 1; R. Benioff 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Technology transfer; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Force & energy; Subject: Developed countries; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edward Vine
T1  - Regulatory Constraints to Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems and Geologic Formations: A California Perspective.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 95
SN  - 13812386
AB  - Carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems and geologic formations provides a significant opportunity for California to address global climate change. The physical size of its resources (e.g., forests, agriculture, soils, rangeland, and geologic formations) and the expertise in California provides a substantial foundation for developing carbon sequestration activities. Furthermore, the co-benefits of carbon sequestration – such as improved soil and water quality, restoration of degraded ecosystems, increased plant and crop productivity, and enhanced oil recovery – are significant. In fact, carbon sequestration often represents a `no regrets'' strategy – implementing carbon sequestration provides multiple benefits, even without the advent of global climate change. Nevertheless, researchers need to address several issues to determine more accurately the potential, benefits, and costs of sequestering carbon in California''s terrestrial ecosystems and geologic formations, as well as to identify the most promising sequestration methods and their optimal implementation. One key issue is the type of regulatory constraints facing developers of carbon sequestration projects: what permits are needed for developing these projects? The permitting process may impede the penetration of sequestration technologies into the market if the costs (including transaction costs) of obtaining the permits are too burdensome and costly. For example, at least nine federal regulations and seven state regulations will potentially influence carbon sequestration projects in California. This paper also provides an example of the types of permits needed for developing a carbon sequestration project, using California as an example. It is possible that a carbon sequestration project may have to obtain a total of 15 permits (3 federal, 6 state, 6 local), before it even starts to operate. In the concluding section, we offer some suggested areas for research and activities for policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Formations (Geology)
N1  - Accession Number: 20391753; Edward Vine 1; Affiliations: 1: California Institute for Energy Efficiency, C/o Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720-8136, USA; E-mail: Edward.Vine@ucop.edu; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p77; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Formations (Geology); Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fournier, Aimé
AU  - Taylor, Mark A.
AU  - Tribbia, Joseph J.
T1  - The Spectral Element Atmosphere Model (SEAM): High-Resolution Parallel Computation and Localized Resolution of Regional Dynamics.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 132
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 726
EP  - 748
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - Fast, accurate computation of geophysical fluid dynamics is often very challenging. This is due to the complexity of the PDEs themselves and their initial and boundary conditions. There are several practical advantages to using a relatively new numerical method, the spectral-element method (SEM), over standard methods. SEM combines spectral-method high accuracy with the geometric flexibility and computational efficiency of finite-element methods. This paper is intended to augment the few descriptions of SEM that aim at audiences besides numerical-methods specialists. Advantages of SEM with regard to flexibility, accuracy, and efficient parallel performance are explained, including sufficient details that readers may estimate the benefit of applying SEM to their own computations. The spectral element atmosphere model (SEAM) is an application of SEM to solving the spherical shallow-water or primitive equations. SEAM simulated decaying Jovian atmospheric shallow-water turbulence up to resolution T1067, producing jets and vortices consistent with Rhines theory. SEAM validates the Held–Suarez primitive equations test case and exhibits excellent parallel performance. At T171L20, SEAM scales up to 292 million floating-point operations per second (Mflops) per processor (29% of supercomputer peak) on 32 Compaq ES40 processors (93% efficiency over using 1 processor), allocating 49 spectral elements/processor. At T533L20, SEAM scales up to 130 billion floating-point operations per second (Gflops) (8% of peak) and 9 wall clock minutes per model day on 1024 IBM POWER3 processors (48% efficiency over 16 processors), allocating 17 spectral elements per processor. Local element-mesh refinement with 300% stretching enables conformally embedding T480 within T53 resolution, inside a region containing 73% of the forcing but 6% of the area. Thereby the authors virtually reproduced a uniform-mesh T363 shallow-water computation, at 94% lower cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC turbulence
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC models
KW  - METEOROLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12480757; Fournier, Aimé 1; Email Address: fournier@ucar.edu Taylor, Mark A. 2 Tribbia, Joseph J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Meteorology, College of Computer, Mathematical, and Physical Sciences, University of Maryland  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: National Center for Atmospheric Research; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 132 Issue 3, p726; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC turbulence; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC models; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wassom, John S.
AU  - Sankaranarayanan, K.
T1  - The life and scientific legacy of William L. Russell (1910–2003)
JO  - Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
JF  - Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 566
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 13835742
N1  - Accession Number: 12171797; Wassom, John S. 1; Email Address: wassomjs@ornl.gov Sankaranarayanan, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory<FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.</FN>, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Sylvius Laboratories, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 566 Issue 2, p93; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrrev.2003.11.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Califano
AU  - M.
AU  - Zunger
AU  - A.
AU  - Franceschetti
T1  - Efficient Inverse Auger Recombination at Threshold in CdSe Nanocrystals.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
EP  - 531
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We apply the semiempirical nonlocal pseudopotential method to the investigation of prospects for direct carrier multiplication (DCM) in neutral and negatively charged CdSe nanocrystals. In this process, known in the bulk as impact ionization, a highly excited carrier transfers, upon relaxation to the band edge, its excess energy Δ to a valence electron, promoting it across the band gap and thus creating two excitons from one. For excess energies just a few meV above the energy gap Eg (the DCM threshold), we find the following:  (i) DCM is much more efficient in quantum dots than in bulk materials, with rates of the order of 1010 s-1. In conventional bulk solids, comparable rates are obtained only for excess energies about 1 eV above Eg. (ii) Unlike the case in the bulk, in both neutral and charged nanocrystals the DCM rate is not an increasing function of the excess energy but oscillates as Δ moves in and out of resonance with the energy of the discrete spectrum of these 0D systems. (iii) The main contribution to the DCM rates is found to come from the dot surface, as in the case of Auger multiexciton recombination rates. (iv) Direct radiative recombination of excited electron-hole pairs and phonon-assisted decay are slower than DCM, but (v) the rate of Auger cooling (where the relaxation energy of an excited electron is used to excite a hole into deeper levels) can be of the same order of magnitude as that of the DCM process. Furthermore, for excess energies well above the DCM threshold, the presence of an energy gap within the hole manifold considerably slows DCM compared to Auger cooling (AC), which is not affected by it. Achieving competitive DCM processes will, therefore, require the suppression of Auger cooling, for example, by removing the hole from the dot or by trapping it at the surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
KW  - CONDUCTION band
N1  - Accession Number: 12527136; Califano M. 1 Zunger A. 1 Franceschetti; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p525; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Fragile fugue: p53 in aging, cancer and IGF signaling.
JO  - Nature Medicine
JF  - Nature Medicine
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 232
SN  - 10788956
AB  - There have been remarkable advances and a few surprises-in understanding basic mechanisms of aging. Among the advances was the discovery of an evolutionarily conserved hormone signaling pathway that drives aging in multicellular organisms. In its rudiments, this pathway resembles mammalian insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF- 1) signaling. Among the surprises was the finding that the p53 tumor suppressor, when hyperactive, shortens life span and accelerates aging in mice, despite conferring extraordinary protection against cancer.
KW  - AGING
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - CANCER
KW  - HORMONES
KW  - INSULIN
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 12394014; Campisi, Judith 1; Email Address: JCAMPISI@LBL.GOV; Affiliation:  1: Buck Institute for Age Research and the Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p231; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: HORMONES; Subject Term: INSULIN; Subject Term: PROTEINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nm0304-231
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ekkebus, Allen E.
T1  - SNS Core Vessel Installed.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 39
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Reports on the installation of the Drift Tube Linac beam at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee on November 14, 2003.  Features of the core vessel; Information on several SNS-related workshops.
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - OAK Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13887986; Ekkebus, Allen E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 701 Scarboro Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p38; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: OAK Ridge (Tenn.); Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belote, R. Travis
AU  - Weltzin, Jake F.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
T1  - Response of an understory plant community to elevated [CO2] depends on differential responses of dominant invasive species and is mediated by soil water availability.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 161
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 827
EP  - 835
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Details a study which examined the response of an understory plant community to elevated carbon dioxide.  Structure and diversity of understory plants; Analysis of soil moisture and photosynthetically active radiation; Response of invasive species to elevated carbon dioxide.
KW  - UNDERSTORY plants
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - PLANT communities
KW  - SOIL moisture
KW  - SOIL testing
KW  - PLANT diversity
KW  - CO2 enrichment
KW  - invasive species
KW  - Lonicera japonica
KW  - Microstegium vimineum
KW  - understory communities
N1  - Accession Number: 12086750; Belote, R. Travis 1,2; Email Address: rbelote@utk.edu Weltzin, Jake F. 1 Norby, Richard J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Engineering-environmental Management, Inc., 1510 Canal Court, Suite 2000, Littleton, CO 80120, USA  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1059, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 161 Issue 3, p827; Subject Term: UNDERSTORY plants; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: PLANT communities; Subject Term: SOIL moisture; Subject Term: SOIL testing; Subject Term: PLANT diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: invasive species; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lonicera japonica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstegium vimineum; Author-Supplied Keyword: understory communities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.00977.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helmer, R.G.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for <f>A=158</f>
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 101
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
SN  - 00903752
AB  - The experimental results from the various reaction and decay studies leading to nuclides in the <f>A=158</f> mass chain have been reviewed. These data are summarized and presented, together with adopted level schemes and properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 12383065; Helmer, R.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415–2114 USA, under contract with Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 101 Issue 3, p325; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 195p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nds.2004.02.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naus, D.J.
AU  - Ellingwood, B.R.
AU  - Graves III, H.L.
T1  - Methods for assessing NPP containment pressure boundary integrity
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 228
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
SN  - 00295493
AB  - Research is being conducted to address aging of the containment pressure boundary in light-water reactor plants. Objectives of this research are to (1) understand the significant factors relating to corrosion occurrence, efficacy of inspection, and structural capacity reduction of steel containments and of liners of concrete containments; (2) provide the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) reviewers a means of establishing current structural capacity margins or estimating future residual structural capacity margins for steel containments and concrete containments as limited by liner integrity; and (3) provide recommendations, as appropriate, on information to be requested of licensees for guidance that could be utilized by USNRC reviewers in assessing the seriousness of reported incidences of containment degradation. Activities include development of a degradation assessment methodology; reviews of techniques and methods for inspection and repair of containment metallic pressure boundaries; evaluation of candidate techniques for inspection of inaccessible regions of containment metallic pressure boundaries; establishment of a methodology for reliability-based condition assessments of steel containments and liners; and fragility assessments of steel containments with localized corrosion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - LIGHT water reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
N1  - Accession Number: 12170396; Naus, D.J. 1; Email Address: nausdj@ornl.gov Ellingwood, B.R. 2 Graves III, H.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Containment and Concrete Technology, P.O. Box 2009, Bldg. 9204-1, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8056, USA  2: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0355, USA  3: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 228 Issue 1-3, p55; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: LIGHT water reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2003.06.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Braverman, J.I.
AU  - Miller, C.A.
AU  - Hofmayer, C.H.
AU  - Ellingwood, B.R.
AU  - Naus, D.J.
AU  - Chang, T.Y.
T1  - Degradation assessment of structures and passive components at nuclear power plants
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 228
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
SN  - 00295493
AB  - This paper describes a multi-year research program to assess age-related degradation of structures and passive components important to the safe operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs). The purpose of the research effort is to develop the technical basis for the validation and improvement of analytical methods and acceptance criteria which can be used to make risk-informed decisions and to address technical issues related to degradation of structures and passive components. The approach adopted for this research program consists of two phases. In Phase I, specific degradation occurrences at plants were collected and evaluated, existing technical information on aging was reviewed, and a scoping study was performed to identify which structures and components should be studied in the subsequent phases of the research program. Based on the results of the Phase I effort, selected structures and passive components are evaluated in Phase II to assess the effects of age-related degradation using existing and enhanced analytical methods. Fragility analyses are performed for undegraded and degraded structures and passive components. These results can then be used to assess the potential impact of degradation on overall plant risk. The Phase II effort also utilizes the results of the analyses to develop probabilistic degradation acceptance criteria for the structures and passive components studied. These research activities provide useful tools to support the current goals of developing risk-informed and performance-based regulation in the nuclear industry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - NUCLEAR industry
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 12170414; Braverman, J.I. 1; Email Address: braverman@bnl.gov Miller, C.A. 1 Hofmayer, C.H. 1 Ellingwood, B.R. 2 Naus, D.J. 3 Chang, T.Y. 4; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 130, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY, USA  2: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  4: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 228 Issue 1-3, p283; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: NUCLEAR industry; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2003.06.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - DeGrassi, G.
AU  - Chokshi, N.
T1  - A NRC-BNL benchmark evaluation of seismic analysis methods for non-classically damped coupled systems
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 228
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
SN  - 00295493
AB  - Under the auspices of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) developed a comprehensive program to evaluate state-of-the-art methods and computer programs for seismic analysis of typical coupled nuclear power plant (NPP) systems with non-classical damping. In this program, four benchmark models of coupled building-piping/equipment systems with different damping characteristics were developed and analyzed by BNL for a suite of earthquakes. The BNL analysis was carried out by the Wilson-θ time domain integration method with the system-damping matrix computed using a synthesis formulation as presented in a companion paper [Nucl. Eng. Des. (2002)]. These benchmark problems were subsequently distributed to and analyzed by program participants applying their uniquely developed methods and computer programs. This paper is intended to offer a glimpse at the program, and provide a summary of major findings and principle conclusions with some representative results.The participant’s analysis results established using complex modal time history methods showed good comparison with the BNL solutions, while the analyses produced with either complex-mode response spectrum methods or classical normal-mode response spectrum method, in general, produced more conservative results, when averaged over a suite of earthquakes. However, when coupling due to damping is significant, complex-mode response spectrum methods performed better than the classical normal-mode response spectrum method. Furthermore, as part of the program objectives, a parametric assessment is also presented in this paper, aimed at evaluation of the applicability of various analysis methods to problems with different dynamic characteristics unique to coupled NPP systems. It is believed that the findings and insights learned from this program will be useful in developing new acceptance criteria and providing guidance for future regulatory activities involving license applications of these alternate methods to coupled systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
N1  - Accession Number: 12170417; Xu, J. 1; Email Address: xu@bnl.gov DeGrassi, G. 1 Chokshi, N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 228 Issue 1-3, p345; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Company/Entity: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2003.06.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garzoglio, G.
AU  - Gollwitzer, K.
AU  - Hahn, A.
AU  - Hu, M.
AU  - Marsh, P.
AU  - Peoples, J.
AU  - Pordes, S.
AU  - Streets, J.
AU  - Werkema, S.
AU  - Ambrogiani, M.
AU  - Andreotti, M.
AU  - Baldini, W.
AU  - Bonsi, D.
AU  - Bombonati, M.
AU  - Bettoni, D.
AU  - Calabrese, R.
AU  - Cibinetto, G.
AU  - Dalpiaz, P.
AU  - Luppi, E.
AU  - Martini, M.
T1  - Experiment E835 at Fermilab
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 519
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 558
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We provide a comprehensive description of experiment E835 at Fermilab, a high-precision experimental study of charmonium bound states. The <f>c¯c</f> states are formed in <f>p¯p</f> annihilations of cooled antiprotons stored in the Fermilab Antiproton Accumulator using a dense internal hydrogen gas-jet target. We describe the experimental strategies adopted for detecting the tiny <f>c¯c</f> resonant signals in the huge non-resonant hadronic background, and for measuring resonance parameters with high precision. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARMONIUM
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12309741; Garzoglio, G. 1 Gollwitzer, K. 1 Hahn, A. 1 Hu, M. 1 Marsh, P. 1 Peoples, J. 1 Pordes, S. 1 Streets, J. 1 Werkema, S. 1 Ambrogiani, M. 2 Andreotti, M. 2 Baldini, W. 2 Bonsi, D. 2 Bombonati, M. 2 Bettoni, D. 2 Calabrese, R. 2 Cibinetto, G. 2 Dalpiaz, P. 2 Luppi, E. 2 Martini, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, USA  2: I.N.F.N. and University of Ferrara, Italy; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 519 Issue 3, p558; Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: RESONANCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 52p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, L.J.
AU  - Borozdin, K.N.
AU  - Gomez, J.J.
AU  - Hogan, G.E.
AU  - McGill, J.A.
AU  - Morris, C.L.
AU  - Priedhorsky, W.C.
AU  - Saunders, A.
AU  - Teasdale, M.E.
T1  - Image reconstruction and material <f>Z</f> discrimination via cosmic ray muon radiography
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 519
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Highly penetrating cosmic ray muons shower the Earth at the rate of 10,000 m−2 min−1 at sea level. In our previous work (Nature 422 (2003) 277; Rev. Sci. Instr. 74(10) (2003) 4294; Cosmic Ray Muon Radiography for Contraband Detection, in: Proceedings of AccApp’03, San Diego, CA, June 2003), we presented a novel muon radiography technique which exploits the multiple Coulomb scattering of these particles for nondestructive inspection without the use of artificial radiation. In this paper, we describe the concept of and theory behind cosmic ray muon radiography. We discuss the information carried by the scattered muons and our approaches for exploiting that information with image reconstruction algorithms. We discuss preliminary and advanced reconstruction algorithms, which take advantage of the scattering angle, scattering location, and locations where strongly scattered muons cross paths. Our algorithms are validated with both experimental demonstrations and Monte Carlo simulations. Based upon the results from both the experiment and simulations, we conclude that scattering muon radiography can be useful for both material discrimination and fast (minute order) detection of compact high-<f>Z</f> objects. Our ray-crossing algorithm, which highlights locations where strongly scattered muons cross paths, is effective even in the presence of a medium-<f>Z</f> background matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - MUONS
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - Contraband detection
KW  - Cosmic rays
KW  - Muons
KW  - Radiography
KW  - Tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 12309750; Schultz, L.J. 1,2; Email Address: schultz@lanl.gov Borozdin, K.N. 1 Gomez, J.J. 1 Hogan, G.E. 1 McGill, J.A. 3 Morris, C.L. 1 Priedhorsky, W.C. 1 Saunders, A. 1 Teasdale, M.E. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bikini Atoll Road, P-25/MS H846, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA  3: General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92186, USA  4: University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 519 Issue 3, p687; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contraband detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmic rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tomography; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas S.
T1  - Heavy quarks and lattice QCD
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
SN  - 09205632
AB  - This paper is a review of heavy quarks in lattice gauge theory, focusing on methodology. It includes a status report on some of the calculations that are relevant to heavy-quark spectroscopy and to flavor physics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13024276; Kronfeld, Andreas S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p46; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bär, O.
AU  - Rupak, G.
AU  - Shoresh, N.
T1  - Chiral perturbation theory for lattice QCD at O(a2)
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The O(a2) contributions to the chiral effective Lagrangian for lattice QCD with Wilson fermions are constructed. The results are generalized to partially quenched QCD with Wilson fermions as well as to the “mixed” lattice theory with Wilson sea quarks and Ginsparg-Wilson valence quarks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 13024343; Bär, O. 1 Rupak, G. 2 Shoresh, N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.  3: Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p185; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonnet, Frederic D.R.
AU  - Edwards, Robert G.
AU  - Fleming, George T.
AU  - Lewisa, Randy
AU  - Richards, David G.
T1  - The pion electromagnetic form factor
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 206
SN  - 09205632
AB  - A ratio of lattice correlation functions is identified from which the pion form factor can be obtained directly. Preliminary results from quenched Wilson simulations are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13024351; Bonnet, Frederic D.R. 1,2 Edwards, Robert G. 2 Fleming, George T. 2 Lewisa, Randy Richards, David G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p206; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohta, Shigemi
AU  - Orginos, Kostas
T1  - Nucleon axial charge and structure functions with domain wall fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We report the current status of RBCK calculations on nucleon structure with both quenched and unquenched lattice QCD. The combination of domain wall fermions and DBW2 gauge action works well for isovector vector and axial charges, and moments of structure functions <F>〈χ〉q, d1</F>, and <F>〈1〉=σq</F>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 13024381; Ohta, Shigemi 1,2 Orginos, Kostas 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p296; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nemoto, Y.
T1  - Pion electromagnetic form-factor with domain wall fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Motivated by recent measurements at J-Lab, the pion electromagnetic form-factor is investigated with quenched domain wall fermions and a renormalization group improved gauge action called DBW2. We see that quark mass dependence of the form-factor with finite momentum transfers is rather small. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - STATISTICAL mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 13024382; Nemoto, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p299; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: STATISTICAL mechanics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - di Pierro, Massimo
AU  - El-Khadra, Aida X.
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas S.
AU  - Mackenzie, Paul B.
AU  - Menscher, Damian P.
AU  - Oktay, Mehmet B.
AU  - Okamoto, Masataka
AU  - Simone, James N.
T1  - Ds spectrum and leptonic decays with Fermilab heavy quarks and improved staggered light quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 328
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present preliminary results for the <F>Ds</F> meson spectrum and decay constants in unquenched lattice QCD. Simulations are carried out with 2 + 1 dynamical quarks using gauge configurations generated by the MILC collaboration. We use the “asqtad” <F>α2</F> improved staggered action for the light quarks, and the clover heavy quark action with the Fermilab interpretation. We compare our spectrum results with the newly discovered 0+ and 1+ states in the <F>Ds</F> system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 13024392; di Pierro, Massimo 1 El-Khadra, Aida X. 2 Gottlieb, Steven 3 Kronfeld, Andreas S. 4 Mackenzie, Paul B. 4; Email Address: mackenzie@fnal.gov Menscher, Damian P. 2 Oktay, Mehmet B. 2 Okamoto, Masataka 4 Simone, James N. 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Computer Science, Telecommunications, and Information Systems, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p328; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Okamoto, Masataka
AU  - di Pierro, Massimo
AU  - El-Khadra, Aida X.
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas S.
AU  - Mackenzie, Paul B.
AU  - Menscher, Damian P.
AU  - Oktay, Mehmet B.
AU  - Simone, James N.
T1  - Semileptonic decays of <F>D</F> mesons in unquenched lattice QCD
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present our preliminary results for semileptonic form factors of <F>D</F> mesons in unquenched lattice QCD. Simulations are carried out with <F>nf = 2 + 1</F> dynamical quarks using gauge configurations generated by the MILC collaboration. For the valence quarks, we adopt an improved staggered light quark action and the clover heavy quark action. Our results for <F>D → K</F> and <F>D → π</F> form factors at <F>q2 = 0</F> are in agreement with the experimental values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13024394; Okamoto, Masataka 1 di Pierro, Massimo 2 El-Khadra, Aida X. 3 Gottlieb, Steven 4 Kronfeld, Andreas S. 1 Mackenzie, Paul B. 1 Menscher, Damian P. 3 Oktay, Mehmet B. 3 Simone, James N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: School of Computer Science, Telecommunications and Information Systems, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois 60604, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  4: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p334; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - di Pierro, Massimo
AU  - El-Khadra, Aida X.
AU  - Gottlieb, Steven
AU  - Kronfeld, Andreas S.
AU  - Mackenzie, Paul B.
AU  - Menscher, Damian P.
AU  - Oktay, Mehmet B.
AU  - Okamoto, Masataka
AU  - Simone, James N.
T1  - Properties of charmonium in lattice QCD with 2 + 1 flavors of improved staggered sea quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We use the dynamical gluon configurations provided by the MILC collaboration in a study of the charmonium spectrum and ψ leptonic width. We examine sea quark effects on mass splitting and on the leptonic decay matrix element for light masses as low as ms/5, while keeping the strange quark mass fixed and the lattice spacing nearly constant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13024396; di Pierro, Massimo 1 El-Khadra, Aida X. 2 Gottlieb, Steven 3 Kronfeld, Andreas S. 4 Mackenzie, Paul B. 4 Menscher, Damian P. 2 Oktay, Mehmet B. 2 Okamoto, Masataka 4 Simone, James N. 4; Email Address: simone@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: School of Computer Science, Telecommunications, and Information Systems, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p340; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oktay, M.B.
AU  - El-Khadra, A.X.
AU  - Kronfeld, A.S.
AU  - Mackenzie, P.B.
T1  - A more improved lattice action for heavy quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We extend the Fermilab formalism for heavy quarks to develop a more improved action. We give results of matching calculations of the improvement couplings at tree level. Finally, we estimate the discretization errors associated with the new action. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13024399; Oktay, M.B. 1 El-Khadra, A.X. 1,2 Kronfeld, A.S. 2 Mackenzie, P.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p349; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamada, N.
T1  - Application of DWF to heavy-light mesons
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 376
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We consider application of domain wall fermions to quarks with relatively heavy masses, aiming at precision calculations of charmed meson properties. Preliminary results for a few basic quantities are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 13024409; Yamada, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p376; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berruto, F.
AU  - Garron, N.
AU  - Hoelbling, C.
AU  - Lellouch, L.
AU  - Rebbi, C.
AU  - Shiresh, N.
T1  - Preliminary results from a simulation of quenched QCD with overlap fermions on a large lattice
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We simulate quenched QCD with the overlap Dirac operator. We work with the Wilson gauge action at <F>β = 6</F> on an 183 × 64 lattice. We calculate quark propagators for a single source point and quark mass ranging from amq = 0.03 to 0.75. We present here preliminary results based on the propagators for 60 gauge field configurations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13024437; Berruto, F. 1 Garron, N. 2 Hoelbling, C. 2 Lellouch, L. 2 Rebbi, C. 3 Shiresh, N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA  2: Centre de Physique Théorique, Case 907, CNRS Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France<FN ID="FN1"><NO>‡</NO>Unité Propre de Recherche 7061.</FN>  3: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston MA 02215, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p471; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sugihara, Takanori
T1  - Chiral symmetry on a lattice with hopping interactions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 510
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The species doubling problem of the lattice fermion is resolved by introducing hopping interactions that mix left- and right-handed fermions around the momentum boundary. Approximate chiral symmetry is realized on the lattice. The deviation of the fermion propagator from the continuum one is small. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13024448; Sugihara, Takanori 1; Email Address: sugihara@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p510; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akemann, Gernot
AU  - Wettig, Tile
T1  - Comparing matrix models and QCD lattice data with chemical potential
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present a quantitative analysis of the microscopic Dirac spectrum which is complex in the presence of a non-vanishing quark chemical potential. Data from quenched SU(3) lattice simulations for different volumes <F>V</F> and small values of the chemical potential μ are compared to analytical predictions from matrix models. We confirm the existence of two distinct limits for weakly and strongly nonhermitian Dirac operators. Good agreement is found in both limits, confirming the different scaling of chemical potential and eigenvalues with the volume. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13024453; Akemann, Gernot 1 Wettig, Tile 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Service de Physique Théorique, CEA/DSM/SPhT Saclay, Unité associée CNRS/SPM/URA 2306, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  2: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8120, USA  3: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p527; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kogut, J.B.
AU  - Sinclair, D.K.
T1  - Lattice QCD at finite isospin density and/or temperature
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 542
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We simulate two-flavour lattice QCD with at a finite chemical potential <F>μI</F> for isospin, and finite temperature. At small <F>μI</F>, we determine the position of the crossover from hadronic matter to a quark-gluon plasma as a function of <F>μI</F>. At larger <F>μI</F> we observe the phase transition from the superfluid pion-condensed phase to a quark-gluon plasma, noting its change from second order to first order as <F>μI</F> is increased. We also simulate two-flavour lattice QCD at zero quark mass, using an action which includes an additional 4-fermion interaction, at temperatures close to the chiral transition on <F>Nt = 8</F> lattices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13024458; Kogut, J.B. 1 Sinclair, D.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p542; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaczmarek, O.
AU  - Karsch, F.
AU  - Petreczky, P.
AU  - Zantow, F.
T1  - Heavy quark free energies, potentials and the renormalized Polyakov loop
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 560
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We discuss the renormalized free energy of a heavy quark anti-quark pair in the color singlet channel for quenched and full QCD at finite temperature. The temperature and mass dependence, as well as its short distance behavior is analyzed. Using the free energies we calculate the heavy quark potential and entropy in quenched QCD The asymptotic large distance behavior of the free energy is used to define the non-perturbatively renormalized Polyakov loop which is well behaved in the continuum limit. String breaking is studied in the color singlet channel in 2-flavor QCD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - CHIRALITY
KW  - GAUGE field theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13024464; Kaczmarek, O. 1 Karsch, F. 1 Petreczky, P. 2 Zantow, F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p560; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: CHIRALITY; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berruto, F.
AU  - Narayanan, R.
AU  - Neuberger, H.
T1  - Analysis of finite temperature phase transition using level spacing
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Let <F>B</F> be the largest spacing between adjacent eigenvalues of the Polyakov loop. We propose to employ the distribution of <F>B</F> as an order parameter for the finite temperature phase transition in SU(N) lattice gauge theories. Using smeared links to reduce ultraviolet fluctuations, we carry out a test for the gauge group SU(3). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 13024469; Berruto, F. 1 Narayanan, R. 2 Neuberger, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA  3: Rutgers University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p575; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petreczky, P.
AU  - Datta, S.
AU  - Karsch, F.
AU  - Wetzorke, I.
T1  - Charmonium at finite temperature
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 596
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We study charmoinum correlators and spectral functions at finite temperature within the quenched approximation using isotropic lattices with lattice spacing a−1 = 4.86 GeV and 9.72 GeV. Although we observe some medium modifications of the ground state charmonium spectral function above deconfinement, we find that ground state charmonia (J/ψ and <F>ηc</F> exist in the deconfined phase at least up to temperatures as high as 1.5T.. P-wave charmonia (<F>χc</F>) on the other hand are dissociated already at 1.12Tc. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARMONIUM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Charm
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 13024477; Petreczky, P. 1 Datta, S. 2 Karsch, F. 2 Wetzorke, I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  2: Fakultät fur Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany  3: NIC/DESY Zeuthen, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p596; Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Charm; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stickan, S.
AU  - Karsch, F.
AU  - Laermann, E.
AU  - Petreczky, P.
T1  - Free meson spectral functions on the lattice
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 599
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We present results from an analytic calculation of thermal meson spectral functions in the infinite temperature (free field) limit. We compare spectral functions for various lattice fermion formulations used at present in studies of in-medium properties of hadrous based on the maximum entropy method (MEM). In particular, we will present a new calculation of spectral functions performed with extended quark sources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MAXIMUM entropy method
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13024478; Stickan, S. 1 Karsch, F. 1 Laermann, E. 1 Petreczky, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fakultät fur Physik, Universit&tuml; Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany  2: Nuclear Theory Group, Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p599; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MAXIMUM entropy method; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyle, P.A.
AU  - Chen, D.
AU  - Christ, N.H.
AU  - Clark, M.
AU  - Cohen, S.D.
AU  - Cristian, C.
AU  - Dong, Z.
AU  - Gara, A.
AU  - Joó, B.
AU  - Jung, C.
AU  - Kim, C.
AU  - Levkova, L.
AU  - Liao, X.
AU  - Liu, G.
AU  - Mawhinney, R.D.
AU  - Ohta, S.
AU  - Petrov, K.
AU  - Wettig, T.
AU  - Yamaguchi, A.
T1  - Hardware and software status of QCDOC
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 838
SN  - 09205632
AB  - QCDOC is a massively parallel supercomputer whose processing nodes are based on an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). This ASIC was custom-designed so that crucial lattice QCD kernels achieve an overall sustained performance of 50% on machines with several 10,000 nodes. This strong scalability, together with low power consumption and a price/performance ratio of $1 per sustained MFlops, enable QCDOC to attack the most demanding lattice QCD problems. The first ASICs became available in June of 2003, and the testing performed so far has shown all systems functioning according to specification. We review the hardware and software status of QCDOC and present performance figures obtained in real hardware as well as in simulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - SYSTEMS design
N1  - Accession Number: 13024557; Boyle, P.A. 1,2 Chen, D. 3 Christ, N.H. 2 Clark, M. 1 Cohen, S.D. 2 Cristian, C. 2 Dong, Z. 2 Gara, A. 3 Joó, B. 1 Jung, C. 2,4 Kim, C. 2 Levkova, L. 2 Liao, X. 2 Liu, G. 2 Mawhinney, R.D. 2 Ohta, S. 5,6 Petrov, K. 2,4 Wettig, T. 6,7 Yamaguchi, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Scotland UK  2: Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  3: IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA  4: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: Institute for Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan  6: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA  7: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p838; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blum, T.
T1  - Lattice calculation of the lowest order hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment: an update with Kogut-Susskind fermions
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129-130
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 904
SN  - 09205632
AB  - I present a preliminary calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization for 2+1 flavors of improved Kogut-Susskind quarks by utilizing a set of gauge configurations recently generated by the MILC collaboration. The polarization function <F>Π(q2)</F> is then used to calculate the lowest order (in <F>αQED)</F> hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13024578; Blum, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129-130 Issue 1-3, p904; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Hara, John
T1  - Plant Modernization Programs.
JO  - Nuclear Plant Journal
JF  - Nuclear Plant Journal
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar-Apr2004
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 48
PB  - Presidents & Prime Ministers
SN  - 08922055
AB  - Focuses on the modernization programs of nuclear power plants. Improvement in operator and plant performance with the use of analog instrumentation and control technology among engineers; Number of organizational and programmatic issues about the technology change on human performance; Integration of human factors engineering principles into the overall design approach.
KW  - Nuclear power plants
KW  - High technology
KW  - Engineering
KW  - Industrial technicians
KW  - Design -- Human factors
N1  - Accession Number: 16110546; O'Hara, John 1; Email Address: ohara@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 130, Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Mar-Apr2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p47; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear power plants; Thesaurus Term: High technology; Thesaurus Term: Engineering; Subject Term: Industrial technicians; Subject Term: Design -- Human factors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dattoli, G.
AU  - Ottaviani, P.L.
AU  - Renieri, A.
AU  - Biedron, S.G.
AU  - Freund, H.P.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
T1  - A compact free electron laser device operating in the UV-soft X-ray region
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 232
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
SN  - 00304018
AB  - We discuss the design elements of a compact free electron laser device, operating, in an oscillator–amplifier configuration, up to the soft X-ray region. We show that, the source can provide radiation from extreme UV to soft X-ray region, with significantly large output peak and average laser power with undulator lengths not exceeding 7 m. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - OPTICAL amplifiers
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASER beams
N1  - Accession Number: 12170758; Dattoli, G. 1; Email Address: dattoli@frascati.enea.it Ottaviani, P.L. 2 Renieri, A. 1 Biedron, S.G. 3 Freund, H.P. 4 Milton, S.V. 5; Affiliation:  1: ENEA, Unità Tecnico Scientifica Tecnologie Fisiche Avanzate, Centro Ricerche Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 45, C.P. 65-00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy  2: ENEA, Unità Tecnico Scientifica Tecnologie Fisiche Avanzate, Centro Ricerche Bologna, Bologna, Italy  3: MAX-Laboratory, University of Lund, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden  4: Science Applications International Corporation, McLean, VA 22102, USA  5: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 232 Issue 1-6, p319; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: OPTICAL amplifiers; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASER beams; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optcom.2003.11.073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Almer, J.
AU  - Odén, M.
AU  - Håkansson, G.
T1  - Microstructure and thermal stability of arc-evaporated Cr-C-N coatings.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
EP  - 630
SN  - 14786435
AB  - The role of C incorporation in the microstructure and thermal stability of arc-evaporated Cr-C-N coatings is explored via reactive growth in a mixed C 2 H 4 -N 2 environment. C is found to react more readily than N at both the Cr cathode and the coating surfaces, so that a C 2 H 4 -to-N 2 flow ratio of only 1% yields a C-to-N ratio of approximately 10% within the coatings. The as-deposited microstructures consist primarily of the δ-Cr(C, N) phase and possess high compressive residual stresses, which decrease with increasing C content. Post-deposition annealing up to 700°C results in depletion of lattice defects, and concomitant reductions in stress and coating hardness, together with phase transformations which suggest metastable phase formation during growth. Apparent activation energies for this lattice defect are found to be in the range expected for bulk diffusion of N and C (2.4-2.8 eV). The results suggest that inclusion of small amounts of C in this system offers the ability to reduce internal stresses while maintaining defect-related hardness increases, permitting growth of thicker and thus more wear-resistant coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SYNTHETIC products
KW  - CONDENSED matter
N1  - Accession Number: 12253175; Almer, J. 1 Odén, M. 2; Email Address: magnus.oden@sirius.luth.se Håkansson, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source  2: Division of Engineering Materials, Luleå Tekniska Universitet  3: Bodycote Värmebehanding AB; Source Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p611; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC products; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001646727
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitlin, David
AU  - Misra, Amit
AU  - Radmilovich, Velimir
AU  - Nastasi, Michael
AU  - Hoagland, Richard
AU  - Embury, David J.
AU  - Hirth, J.P.
AU  - Mitchell, Terence E.
T1  - Formation of misfit dislocations in nanoscale Ni-Cu bilayer films.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/03//3/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 719
EP  - 736
SN  - 14786435
AB  - We investigated the mechanism of interface dislocation formation in a 5.0 nm Ni film epitaxially deposited on 100 nm of Cu(001). Threading dislocations that pre-exist in the Cu substrate extend into the coherent Ni overlayer during growth and propagate in the [110] and directions along the interface. These dislocations are perfect glide dislocations with mixed character and lying on the Ni{111} planes, and were by far the most numerous in the microstructure. Lomer edge dislocations lying on the Ni-Cu(001) interface were also detected, constituting approximately 5% of the total interface dislocation content. Closely spaced adjacent pairs of perfect glide dislocations having the same Burgers vector were commonly observed at the interface. This dislocation configuration, together with several others that were observed, is explained in terms of the ability of favourably oriented dislocations to cross-slip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 12253178; Mitlin, David 1; Email Address: dmitlin@lanl.gov Misra, Amit 1 Radmilovich, Velimir 2 Nastasi, Michael 1 Hoagland, Richard 1 Embury, David J. 3 Hirth, J.P. 1 Mitchell, Terence E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Center for Electron  3: Department of Materials Science, McMaster University; Source Info: 3/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p719; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001616072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, J.Y.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Valiev, R.Z.
T1  - Amorphization of TiNi induced by high-pressure torsion.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 84
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 190
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - Using high-resolution electron microscopy, we investigated the initial stages of high-pressure-torsion-induced crystalline-to-amorphous transformation of TiNi. It is found that the deformation-induced amorphization initiated from dislocation core regions in the interior of grains and from grain boundaries. It is believed that both the energy stored in the dislocations and the energy stored in the grain boundaries contribute significantly to driving the crystalline-to-amorphous transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - TITANIUM compounds
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 12298259; Huang, J.Y. 1; Email Address: huangje@bc.edu Zhu, Y.T. 2 Liao, X.Z. 2 Valiev, R.Z. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Boston College  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division  3: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 84 Issue 3, p183; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: TITANIUM compounds; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09500830310001657353
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferer, M.
AU  - S. Bromhal, Grant
AU  - H. Smith, Duane
T1  - Fractal dimension and avalanches of invasion percolation: the effect of aspect ratio
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 334
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
SN  - 03784371
AB  - Troubled by unreliable estimates of the fractal dimension from straightforward box-counting applied to invasion percolation in million site short-wide systems (i.e., the length in the average flow direction is the smaller dimension), we undertook a study of the effect of aspect ratio on fractal dimension determinations and on avalanche structure. In box-counting, we found evidence of a competition between the different singular behaviors associated with the bulk and the external hull (interface), which was most noticeable for the short-wide systems with a long external hull. Modifying the box-counting to exclude those boxes covering the external hull provides results for the short-wide systems which are consistent with results from the literature and from straightforward box-counting on long-narrow systems. Not surprisingly, we found that the avalanche size distribution was ‘cut off’ by the length in the short-wide systems; however, we also found that the distribution was cut off by the width in the long-narrow systems. Therefore, the smaller dimension served as a cut-off length for the distribution of avalanche sizes, so that in the long-narrow systems, the distribution of avalanche sizes collapses long before the injected fluid reaches the outlet. This results in fingering patterns in the long-narrow systems that are different from those in the short-wide systems where the avalanche size distribution is maintained all the way to the outlet. Determining the fractal dimension from the power-law dependence of mass upon a typical length scale was found to be unaffected by the length of the external hull, providing the standard literature values of fractal dimension for the problematic short-wide systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FRACTALS
KW  - DIMENSION theory (Algebra)
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - Avalanches
KW  - Fractal dimension
KW  - Invasion percolation
N1  - Accession Number: 12042730; Ferer, M. 1,2; Email Address: mferer@wvu.edu S. Bromhal, Grant 3 H. Smith, Duane 2,3; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA  2: Department of Physics, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506-6315, USA  3: US DOE, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 334 Issue 1/2, p22; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FRACTALS; Subject Term: DIMENSION theory (Algebra); Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Avalanches; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractal dimension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Invasion percolation; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2003.10.079
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grenier, S.
AU  - Thomas, K.J.
AU  - Kim, Young-June
AU  - Hill, J.P.
AU  - Gibbs, Doon
AU  - Kiryukhin, V.
AU  - Tokura, Y.
AU  - Tomioka, Y.
AU  - Casa, D.
AU  - Gog, T.
AU  - Venkataraman, C.
T1  - Resonant X-ray scattering as a probe of the valence and magnetic ground state and excitations in <f>Pr0.6Ca0.4MnO3</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 345
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
SN  - 09214526
AB  - X-ray resonant techniques have been used to study the ground state and electronic excitations of the perovskite <f>Pr0.6Ca0.4MnO3</f>. We utilized resonant diffraction at the Mn K-edge as a contrast technique for determining the pattern of Mn atoms in inequivalent crystallographic sites. In order to determine the important properties of the <f>3d</f> electrons in this system, we have probed the unoccupied <f>3d</f> orbitals using the magnetic and non-magnetic soft X-ray diffraction at the Mn L-edges. Finally resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments have been performed at the Mn K-edge. This latter technique provides new insights into the ground state as it probes the elementary electronic excitations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - MANGANESE oxides
KW  - Half-doped manganite
KW  - Inelastic X-ray scattering
KW  - Resonant X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12241582; Grenier, S. 1,2; Email Address: grenier@bnl.gov Thomas, K.J. 1 Kim, Young-June 1 Hill, J.P. 1 Gibbs, Doon 1 Kiryukhin, V. 2 Tokura, Y. 3 Tomioka, Y. 3 Casa, D. 4 Gog, T. 4 Venkataraman, C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Physics Department, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA  3: Joint Research Center for Atom Technology (JRCAT), Tsukuba, Japan  4: CMC-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory IL, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 345 Issue 1-4, p6; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: MANGANESE oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Half-doped manganite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.11.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12241582&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spezzani, Carlo
AU  - Torelli, Piero
AU  - Delaunay, Renaud
AU  - Hague, Coryn F.
AU  - Petroff, Frédéric
AU  - Scholl, Andreas
AU  - Gullikson, Eric M.
AU  - Sacchi, Maurizio
T1  - Resonant diffuse X-ray scattering from magnetic multilayers
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 345
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We have measured field-dependent resonant diffuse scattering from a magnetoresistive Co/Cu multilayer. We have observed that the magnetic domain size in zero field depends on the magnetic history of the sample. The results of the X-ray scattering analysis have been compared to PEEM images of the magnetic domains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - COBALT
KW  - COPPER
KW  - 78.20.Ls
KW  - Magnetic domains
KW  - Magnetoresistive multilayers
KW  - Soft X-rays
KW  - X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 12241618; Spezzani, Carlo 1 Torelli, Piero 1 Delaunay, Renaud 2 Hague, Coryn F. 2 Petroff, Frédéric 3 Scholl, Andreas 4 Gullikson, Eric M. 5 Sacchi, Maurizio 1; Email Address: maurizio.sacchi@lure.u-psud.fr; Affiliation:  1: Centre Universitaire Paris-Sud, LURE, Bat. 209d, Université Paris XI, B.P. 34, 91898 Orsay, France  2: Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, Université Paris VI, 75005 Paris, France  3: Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS-THALES, 91404 Orsay, France  4: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 345 Issue 1-4, p153; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: COPPER; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.20.Ls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic domains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistive multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.11.043
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12241618&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Littrell, Kenneth C.
AU  - Lee, Wai Tung
T1  - A method for polarization control and analysis on Bonse–Hart double-crystal USANS instruments
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 345
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The use of polarized beams and polarization analysis is an area of increasing interest to the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) community. Since the angular acceptance of a DCD USANS instrument is very narrow, magnetic prisms can be exploited to select polarization. We compare two schemes by which this can be accomplished and describe how this method can be adapted for use on time-of-flight DCD USANS instruments. The wavelength dispersion of the prism can be used on steady-state instruments to select or suppress higher harmonics of the characteristic incident wavelength. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Magnetism
KW  - Neutron Scattering
KW  - Polarization
KW  - Prism
KW  - USANS
N1  - Accession Number: 12241643; Littrell, Kenneth C. 1; Email Address: klittrell@anl.gov Lee, Wai Tung 2; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 345 Issue 1-4, p246; Subject Term: POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron Scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prism; Author-Supplied Keyword: USANS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2003.11.065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12241643&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zunger, Alex
AU  - Bester, Gabriel
T1  - Theory of excitons, charged excitons, exciton fine-structure and entangled excitons in self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We show how the atomistic pseudopotential many-body theory of InGaAs/GaAs addresses some important effects, including (i) the fine-structure splittings (originating from interband spin exchange), (ii) the optical spectra of charged quantum dots and (iii) the degree of entanglement in a quantum dot molecule. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method
KW  - Excitons
KW  - Quantum dots
KW  - Semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 12576424; Zunger, Alex; Email Address: azunger@nrel.gov Bester, Gabriel 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 21 Issue 2-4, p204; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excitons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum dots; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.11.156
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12576424&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khodaparast, G.A.
AU  - Kono, J.
AU  - Matsuda, Y.H.
AU  - Ikeda, S.
AU  - Miura, N.
AU  - Wang, Y.J.
AU  - Slupinski, T.
AU  - Oiwa, A.
AU  - Munekata, H.
AU  - Sun, Y.
AU  - Kyrychenko, F.V.
AU  - Sanders, G.D.
AU  - Stanton, C.J.
T1  - High-field cyclotron resonance studies of InMnAs-based ferromagnetic semiconductor heterostructures
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 978
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We report results of experimental and theoretical studies of hole cyclotron resonance (CR) in ferromagnetic InMnAs/GaSb heterostructures. We observe two clear resonances that exhibit strong temperature dependence in position, line width, and intensity, especially near and below the Curie temperature. We attribute the two resonances to the fundamental CR transitions expected for delocalized holes in the valence band in the magnetic quantum limit. Our theoretical calculations, based on an <f>8×8 k·p</f> model with s(p)–d exchange interaction taken into account, reproduced temperature-dependent CR peak shifts with decreasing temperature, in qualitative agreement with experiment. We propose that the narrowing is due to the suppression of localized spin fluctuations at low temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - 75.50.Pp
KW  - 78.20.Ls
KW  - Cyclotron resonance
KW  - Ferromagnetism
KW  - III–V Magnetic semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 12576585; Khodaparast, G.A. 1 Kono, J. 1; Email Address: kono@rice.edu Matsuda, Y.H. 2 Ikeda, S. 3 Miura, N. 3 Wang, Y.J. 4 Slupinski, T. 5 Oiwa, A. 5 Munekata, H. 5 Sun, Y. 6 Kyrychenko, F.V. 6 Sanders, G.D. 6 Stanton, C.J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice Quantum Institute, and Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  2: Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan  3: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  5: Imaging Science and Engineering Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan  6: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 21 Issue 2-4, p978; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Pp; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.20.Ls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclotron resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: III–V Magnetic semiconductors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.11.175
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12576585&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cabot, William H.
AU  - Schilling, Oleg
AU  - Ye Zhou
T1  - Influence of subgrid scales on resolvable turbulence and mixing in Rayleigh–Taylor flow.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
EP  - 508
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - The energy transfer process and the interaction of different scales in a flow induced by the variable-density Rayleigh–Taylor instability in miscible fluids is investigated using a three-dimensional direct numerical simulation database with a spatial resolution of N[sub x]×N[sub y]×N[sub z]=512×512×2040. The method used to study the transfer of energy between the supergrid and subgrid scales in the homogeneous planes, determined by partitioning the modes into resolved and unresolved scales defined by a two-dimensional cutoff wave number k[sub c] in Fourier space, is applied to the kinetic energy evolution equation. The treatment of the flow inhomogeneity in the direction z parallel to the acceleration is analogous to that used in the analysis of incompressible wall-bounded flows, including channel flow and Rayleigh–Bénard convection [J. A. Domaradzki et al., Phys. Fluids 6, 1583 (1994); J. A. Domaradzki and W. Liu, ibid. 7, 2025 (1995)]. Using a sharp Fourier cutoff filter, the kinetic energy transfer is decomposed into (1) the resolved part; (2) a part corresponding to the interaction between resolved and unresolved scales; and (3) a part corresponding to the interaction between unresolved scales. The sum of these last two contributions is the subgrid-scale kinetic energy transfer, which is studied in the present work. These z-dependent spectra are computed for three different cutoff wave numbers to investigate the dependence of the transfer process on the scales contributing to the subgrid interactions. The kinetic energy transfer is further decomposed into its positive and negative components corresponding to the forward and backward cascades of energy, respectively, that arise from the nonlinear modal interactions. The decomposition into resolved and unresolved scales is used to define an effective eddy viscosity and backscatter viscosity. The principal conclusions of the analysis are (1) the transfer spectra and eddy viscosities exhibit a strong dependence on the wave number cutoff; (2) the contributions from the interaction between resolved and unresolved scales dominate the contribution to the total subgrid eddy viscosities and are responsible for the cusp at large k/k[sub c]; (3) the contributions from the interaction between unresolved scales dominate the contribution to the total subgrid eddy viscosities at small k/k[sub c] and are responsible for the small, negative contribution (associated with an inverse energy transfer), and (4) backscatter is strongest in the regions near the boundaries of the mixing layer. The physical implications of these results for subgrid-scale modeling in a large-eddy simulation of Rayleigh–Taylor instability-induced turbulence are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - RAYLEIGH flow
KW  - EDDIES
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12202394; Cabot, William H. 1 Schilling, Oleg 1 Ye Zhou 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p495; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH flow; Subject Term: EDDIES; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1636477
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes, D.C.
T1  - The bounce-kinetic model for driven nonlinear Langmuir waves.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 903
EP  - 917
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The bounce-kinetic model is developed and applied to driven nonlinear Langmuir waves. The waves are described in terms of an eikonal with slow envelope variation. It is assumed that the bounce frequency of trapped electrons is large. A kinetic equation involving only slowly varying quantities is derived and it is shown that the characteristic equations form a Hamiltonian system. Conservation of particles, momentum, and energy are shown to depend on first-order corrections to this kinetic equation. The low order correction moments are derived exactly from these conservation laws, eliminating the need for a complicated boundary layer treatment of the separatrix. Previous results for nonlinear Langmuir waves are reproduced by a simplified version of this theory which neglects variations of the amplitude envelope and phase velocity. A particle-in-cell method is proposed for solution of the nonlinear kinetic problem. Extensions of this method required to correctly describe small amplitude waves are suggested. Such an extended model may be useful for the modeling of laser-plasma interaction in the trapping regime. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA frequencies
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - NONLINEAR systems
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 12297700; Barnes, D.C. 1; Email Address: dbarnes@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p903; Subject Term: PLASMA frequencies; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: NONLINEAR systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1641032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12297700&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Landsman, A.S.
AU  - Cohen, S.A.
AU  - Glasser, A.H.
T1  - Regular and stochastic orbits of ions in a highly prolate field-reversed configuration.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 947
EP  - 957
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Ion dynamics in a field-reversed configuration are explored for a highly elongated device, with emphasis placed on ions having positive canonical angular momentum. Due to angular invariance, the equations of motion are that of a two degree-of-freedom system with spatial variables ρ and ζ. As a result of separation of time scales of motion caused by large elongation, there is a conserved adiabatic invariant, J[sub ρ], which breaks down during the crossing of the phase-space separatrix. For integrable motion, which conserves J[sub ρ], an approximate one-dimensional effective potential was obtained by averaging over the fast radial motion. This averaged potential has the shape of either a double or single symmetric well centered about ζ=0. The condition for the approach to the separatrix and therefore the breakdown of the adiabatic invariance of J[sub ρ] is derived and studied under variation of J[sub ρ] and conserved angular momentum, π[sub [lowercase_phi_synonym]]. Since repeated violation of J[sub ρ] results in chaotic motion, this condition can be used to predict whether an ion (or distribution of ions) with given initial conditions will undergo chaotic motion. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12297695; Landsman, A.S. 1; Email Address: landsman@princeton.edu Cohen, S.A. 1 Glasser, A.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, New Jersey  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p947; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638751
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12297695&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, B.
AU  - Taylor, G.
AU  - Efthimion, P.C.
AU  - Munsat, T.
T1  - Measurement of the magnetic field in a spherical torus plasma via electron Bernstein wave emission harmonic overlap.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1028
EP  - 1032
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Measurement of the magnetic field in a spherical torus by observation of harmonic overlap frequencies in the electron Bernstein wave (EBW) spectrum has been previously suggested [V. F. Shevchenko, Plasma Phys. Rep. 26, 1000 (2000)]. EBW mode conversion to X-mode radiation has been studied in the Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade spherical torus (T. Jones, Ph.D. thesis, Princeton University, 1995) with emission measured at blackbody levels [B. Jones et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 165001 (2003)]. Sharp transitions in the thermally emitted EBW spectrum have been observed for the first two harmonic overlaps. These transition frequencies are determined by the magnetic field and electron density at the mode conversion layer in accordance with hot-plasma wave theory. Prospects of extending this measurement to higher harmonics, necessary in order to determine the magnetic field profile, and high-β equilibria are discussed for this proposed magnetic field diagnostic. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12297686; Jones, B. 1; Email Address: bmjones@sandia.gov Taylor, G. 1 Efthimion, P.C. 1 Munsat, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, New Jersey; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p1028; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646393
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12297686&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Z.
AU  - Hahm, T.S.
T1  - Turbulence spreading and transport scaling in global gyrokinetic particle simulations.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1099
EP  - 1108
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - An intriguing observation in magnetically confined plasma experiments and in global gyrokinetic particle simulations of toroidal ion temperature gradient turbulence is that the fluctuations are microscopic, while the resulting turbulent transport is not gyro-Bohm [Z. Lin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 195004 (2002)]. A possible resolution to this puzzle is identified as turbulence spreading from the linearly active (unstable) region to the linearly inactive (stable) region. Large scale gyrokinetic simulations found that transport driven by microscopic fluctuations is diffusive and local, whereas the fluctuation intensity is determined by nonlocal effects. Fluctuations are found to spread from the linearly active region to the linearly inactive region. This turbulence spreading reduces the fluctuation intensity in the unstable region, especially for a smaller device size, and thus introduces a nonlocal dependence in the fluctuation intensity. The device size dependence of the fluctuation intensity, in turn, is responsible for the observed gradual transition from Bohm to gyro-Bohm transport scaling. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA turbulence
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - TOROIDAL harmonics
KW  - IONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12297679; Lin, Z. 1 Hahm, T.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, New Jersey; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p1099; Subject Term: PLASMA turbulence; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: TOROIDAL harmonics; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1647136
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12297679&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chittenden, J.P.
AU  - Lebedev, S.V.
AU  - Oliver, B.V.
AU  - Yu, E.P.
AU  - Cuneo, M.E.
T1  - Equilibrium flow structures and scaling of implosion trajectories in wire array Z pinches.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1118
EP  - 1127
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The hypothesis that wire array Z-pinch radiation sources can be represented as an ablating mass source embedded within a Lorentz force field is examined and the effects that this has upon the trajectory and spatial structure of the ensuing implosion are studied. Two-dimensional (2D) resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the ablating core regions and of the array cross-section indicate that the core ablation rate is determined by force balance at the ablation surface. This implies a weak dependence of the ablation velocity (the ratio of the magnitude of the Lorentz force to the mass ablation rate) on the array parameters (current, radius, mass, etc.). In the case of a constant ablation rate, the radial profiles in the flow region between the wires and the axis are found to converge to a set of time independent equilibria. These profiles represent a unique solution to the ideal MHD equations for super-Alfvénic flow in cylindrical geometry. Comparisons of simulated implosion trajectories with experimental optical streak photography data are used as a code validation exercise and show important deviations from the scenario of invariant ablation velocity. The importance of the number of wires in the array in determining the ablation rate and thus the trajectory and structure of the implosion is highlighted. The effects upon the inferred implosion symmetry and the x-ray pulse shape and peak power are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Z bosons
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12297677; Chittenden, J.P. 1 Lebedev, S.V. 1 Oliver, B.V. 2 Yu, E.P. 3 Cuneo, M.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom  2: Mission Research Corp., Albuquerque, New Mexico  3: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p1118; Subject Term: Z bosons; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1643756
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12297677&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinkel, D.E.
AU  - Haan, S.W.
AU  - Langdon, A.B.
AU  - Dittrich, T.R.
AU  - Still, C.H.
AU  - Marinak, M.M.
T1  - National Ignition Facility targets driven at high radiation temperature: Ignition, hydrodynamic stability, and laser–plasma interactions.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1128
EP  - 1144
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A target design driven indirectly to ignition at a radiation temperature of 350 eV for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is reported in integrated radiation-hydrodynamic simulations which detail the necessary specifications to achieve ignition and burn. The target is further analyzed to determine its hydrodynamic stability as well as its vulnerability to laser–plasma interactions. This target shows enhanced hydrodynamic stability over targets previously designed at lower radiation temperatures [S. W. Haan, S. M. Pollaine, J. D. Lindl et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 2480 (1995); W. J. Krauser, N. M. Hoffman, D. C. Wilson et al., ibid.3, 2084 (1996); D. C. Wilson, P. A. Bradley, N. M. Hoffman et al., ibid.5, 1953 (1998); P. A. Bradley and D. C. Wilson, ibid.6, 4293 (1999)]. To control laser–plasma instabilities, both polarization and temporal smoothing of the spatially smoothed NIF laser beams is necessary. Analyses of laser scatter in target blow-off at peak power demonstrate saturation in both the 300 and 350 eV designs by nonlinear processes such as rescatter of the scattered laser light and the Langmuir decay instability. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12297676; Hinkel, D.E. 1 Haan, S.W. 1 Langdon, A.B. 1 Dittrich, T.R. 1 Still, C.H. 1 Marinak, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p1128; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1640625
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12297676&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryutov, D.D.
T1  - Erratum: “Simple theory of the line emission profile for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy method” [Phys. Plasmas 7, 1315 (2000)].
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 1244
EP  - 1244
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
N1  - Accession Number: 12297660; Ryutov, D.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p1244; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1645792
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12297660&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Mészáros, Peter
AU  - Clark, Robert E. H.
AU  - Honglin Zhang
AU  - Fontes, Christopher J.
T1  - Douglas Howard Sampson.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 57
IS  - 3
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 99
EP  - 101
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Pays tribute to physicist Douglas Howard Sampson, who died of hemorrhagic stroke on December 8, 2002 in State College, Pennsylvania.
KW  - SAMPSON, Douglas Howard
N1  - Accession Number: 12400417; Mészáros, Peter 1 Clark, Robert E. H. 2 Honglin Zhang 3 Fontes, Christopher J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pennsylvania State University, University Park  2: International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p99; People: SAMPSON, Douglas Howard; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Obituary; Full Text Word Count: 1097
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farley, F.J.M.
AU  - Semertzidis, Y.K.
T1  - The 47 years of muon <f>g−2</f>
JO  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
JF  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01466410
AB  - After a brief introduction to the theory of the muon anomalous moment <f>a≡(g−2)/2</f>, all the experimental measurements of this quantity are reviewed in some detail. This includes the CERN cyclotron experiment, the first muon storage rings at CERN, the Berkeley experiment, the invention of the “magic energy” and the latest measurement with the third muon storage ring at Brookhaven. The current comparison with theory is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - BERKELEY (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - <f>g−2</f>
KW  - Magnetic moment
KW  - Muon
N1  - Accession Number: 12096777; Farley, F.J.M. 1 Semertzidis, Y.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 52 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: BERKELEY (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>g−2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic moment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 83p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ppnp.2003.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ken Durose
AU  - Sally E. Asher
AU  - Wolfram Jaegermann
AU  - Dean Levi
AU  - Brian E. McCandless
AU  - Wyatt Metzger
AU  - Helio Moutinho
AU  - P.D. Paulson
AU  - Craig L. Perkins
AU  - James R. Sites
AU  - Glenn Teeter
AU  - Mathias Terheggen
T1  - Physical characterization of thin-film solar cells.
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
EP  - 217
SN  - 10627995
AB  - The principal techniques used in the physical characterization of thin-film solar cells and materials are reviewed, these being scanning probe microscopy (SPM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic ellipsometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) and light-beam-induced current (LBIC). For each method the particular applicability to thin-film solar cells is highlighted. Examples of the use of each are given, these being drawn from the chalcopyrite, CdTe, Si and III–V materials systems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Thin film devices
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - Scanning probe microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 20650549; Ken Durose 1; Sally E. Asher 2; Wolfram Jaegermann 3; Dean Levi 2; Brian E. McCandless 4; Wyatt Metzger 2; Helio Moutinho 2; P.D. Paulson 4; Craig L. Perkins 2; James R. Sites 5; Glenn Teeter 2; Mathias Terheggen 6; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd. MS 3215, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; 3: Institute of Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany; 4: Institute for Energy Conversion, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; 5: Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA; 6: ETH Zürich, Institut für Angewandte Physik, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 12 Issue 2/3, p177; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Subject Term: Thin film devices; Subject Term: Transmission electron microscopy; Subject Term: Scanning probe microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 41p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - T. J. McMahon
T1  - Accelerated testing and failure of thin-film PV modules.
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 248
SN  - 10627995
AB  - Packaging-related PV module failure is distinguished from cell failure, and those failures specific to thin-film modules are reviewed. These are categorized according to the type of stress that produced them, e.g., temperature, voltage, moisture, current, and thermal cycling. An example is given that shows how to relate time under accelerated stress to time in use. Diagnostic tools for locating the affected area within a large-area module are pointed out along with the importance of interpretation of the visual appearance of the different damage mechanisms. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Moisture
KW  - Thin film devices
KW  - Electric potential
N1  - Accession Number: 20650543; T. J. McMahon 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 12 Issue 2/3, p235; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Moisture; Subject Term: Thin film devices; Subject Term: Electric potential; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agarwal, Rakhi
AU  - Eswaramoorthy, Subramaniam
AU  - Kumaran, Desigan
AU  - Dunn, John J.
AU  - Swaminathan, Subramanyam
T1  - Cloning, high level expression, purification, and crystallization of the full length Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E light chain
JO  - Protein Expression & Purification
JF  - Protein Expression & Purification
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 10465928
AB  - The catalytic activity of the highly potent botulinum neurotoxins are confined to their N-terminal light chains (∼50 kDa). A full-length light chain for the type E neurotoxin with a C-terminal 6× His-tag, BoNT/E-LC, has been cloned in a pET-9c vector and over-expressed in BL21 (DE3) cells. BoNT/E-LC was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography on Ni–NTA agarose followed by exclusion chromatography using a Superdex-75 sizing column. The purified protein has very good solubility and can be stored stably at −20 °C; however, it seems to undergo auto-proteolysis when stored at temperature &ges;4–10 °C. BoNT/E-LC is active on its natural substrate, the synaptosomal associated 25 kDa protein, SNAP-25, indicating that it retains a native-like conformation and therefore can be considered as a useful tool in studying the structure/function of the catalytic light chain. Recombinant BoNT/E-LC has been crystallized under five different conditions and at various pHs. Crystals diffract to better than 2.1 A˚. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Protein Expression & Purification is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOTULINUM toxin
KW  - MOLECULAR cloning
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Auto-proteolytic
KW  - Botulinum neurotoxin
KW  - Cloning
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - Light chain
KW  - Proteolytic activity
N1  - Accession Number: 12100666; Agarwal, Rakhi 1 Eswaramoorthy, Subramaniam 1 Kumaran, Desigan 1 Dunn, John J. 1 Swaminathan, Subramanyam; Email Address: swami@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: BOTULINUM toxin; Subject Term: MOLECULAR cloning; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Auto-proteolytic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Botulinum neurotoxin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proteolytic activity; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pep.2003.10.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hutchinson, Ian
AU  - James, Thomas S.
AU  - Reimer, Paula J.
AU  - Bornhold, Brian D.
AU  - Clague, John J.
T1  - Marine and limnic radiocarbon reservoir corrections for studies of late- and postglacial environments in Georgia Basin and Puget Lowland, British Columbia, Canada and Washington, USA
JO  - Quaternary Research
JF  - Quaternary Research
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 61
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 00335894
AB  - Models of late-glacial environmental change in coastal areas are commonly based on radiocarbon ages on marine shell and basal lake sediments, both of which may be compromised by reservoir effects. The magnitude of the oceanic reservoir age in the inland waters of the Georgia Basin and Puget Lowland of northwestern North America is inferred from radiocarbon ages on shell-wood pairs in Saanich Inlet and previously published estimates. The weighted mean oceanic reservoir correction in the early and mid Holocene is −720±90 yr, slightly smaller than, but not significantly different from, the modern value. The correction in late-glacial time is −950±50 yr. Valley-head sites yield higher reservoir values (−1200±130 yr) immediately after deglaciation. The magnitude of the gyttja reservoir effect is inferred from pairs of bulk gyttja and plant macrofossil ages from four lakes in the region. Incorporation of old carbon into basal gyttja yields ages from bulk samples that are initially about 600 yr too old. The reservoir age declines to less than 100 yr after the first millennium of lake development. When these corrections are accounted for, dates of deglaciation and late-glacial sea-level change in the study area are pushed forward in time by more than 500 yr. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Research is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - GLACIAL climates
KW  - RADIOACTIVE pollution of water
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - Gyttja
KW  - Late-glacial environments
KW  - Marine shell
KW  - Pacific Northwest
KW  - Radiocarbon
KW  - Reservoir effects
N1  - Accession Number: 12578178; Hutchinson, Ian 1; Email Address: ianh@sfu.ca James, Thomas S. 2 Reimer, Paula J. 3 Bornhold, Brian D. 4 Clague, John J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada V5A 1S6  2: Geological Survey of Canada, Sidney, B.C., Canada V8L 4B2  3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Centre for Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C., Canada V8W 2Y2  5: Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada V5A 1S6; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 61 Issue 2, p193; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: GLACIAL climates; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE pollution of water; Subject Term: RESERVOIRS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gyttja; Author-Supplied Keyword: Late-glacial environments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Marine shell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pacific Northwest; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reservoir effects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.yqres.2003.10.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright Jr., Herbert E.
AU  - Stefanova, Ivanka
AU  - Tian, Jian
AU  - Brown, Thomas A.
AU  - Hu, Feng Sheng
T1  - A chronological framework for the Holocene vegetational history of central Minnesota: the Steel Lake pollen record
JO  - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF  - Quaternary Science Reviews
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 23
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
SN  - 02773791
AB  - Paleorecords from Minnesota and adjacent areas have often been used to evaluate large-scale climatic processes in the mid-continent of North America. However, most of these records are compromised by chronological flaws, making problematic any comparisons with climatic interpretations based on other records (e.g., GISP2 in Greenland). We report here a high-resolution pollen record with a secure chronology constrained by 26 14C dates on terrestrial macrofossils from Steel Lake, central Minnesota. About 11.2 ka cal BP (11,000 calibrated yr before present) the late-glacial Picea forest near Steel Lake was succeeded abruptly by Pinus banksiana and/or resinosa. The Pinus forest began to open 9.4 ka cal BP with the expansion of prairie taxa, and a pine parkland or savanna prevailed until about 8 ka cal BP, when Quercus replaced Pinus to become the dominant tree in the prairie areas for 4500 yr. The close chronological control permits the correlation of key vegetational changes with those at other reliably dated sites in the eastern Dakotas and in Minnesota, suggesting that the abrupt decline of the spruce forest was time-transgressive from southwest to northeast during 2000 yr, and that the development of prairie was time-transgressive in the same direction over 2600 yr. Correlation of key pollen horizons at Steel Lake with those in the high-resolution pollen profiles of Elk Lake, ca. 50 km northwest of Steel Lake, suggests that the well-known Elk Lake varve chronology for the early Holocene is about 1000 yr too young. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Science Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - CHRONOLOGY
KW  - FOSSILS
KW  - NORTH America
N1  - Accession Number: 12234878; Wright Jr., Herbert E. 1; Email Address: hew@umn.edu Stefanova, Ivanka 1 Tian, Jian 2 Brown, Thomas A. 3 Hu, Feng Sheng 2,4; Affiliation:  1: Limnological Research Center, University of Minnesota, 310 Pillsbury Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  2: Department of Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: CAMS, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 9455, USA  4: Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 23 Issue 5/6, p611; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: CHRONOLOGY; Subject Term: FOSSILS; Subject Term: NORTH America; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Perspectives on Industrial Ecology: Dominique Bourg, Suren Erkman (Eds.) (with a foreword of President Jacques Chirac), Greenleaf Publishing, Sheffield, UK, March 2003, Hardback, ISBN 1-874719-46-2, 356 pp.
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 273
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 12740995; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p273; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(03)00098-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Eco-Service Development: Reinventing Supply and Demand in the European Union: Siegfried Behrendt, Christine Jasch, Jaap Kortman, Gabriele Hrauda, Ralf Pfitzner, Daniela Velte (Eds.), Greenleaf Publishing, Sheffield, UK, January 2003, Hardback, ISBN 1-874719-44-6, 216 pp.
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 277
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 12740996; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p277; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-3449(03)00099-5
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, R. F.
AU  - McLaughlin, S. B.
AU  - West, D. C.
T1  - Establishment of Sweet Birch on Surface Mine Spoil as Influenced by Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Fertility.
JO  - Restoration Ecology
JF  - Restoration Ecology
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 19
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10612971
AB  - Induced mycorrhization of sweet birch ( Betula lenta L.) by Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, as influenced by substrate fertility, was evaluated for its effects on seedling growth and physiology. Following a brief period in seed flats, seedlings were transplanted to mine spoil where they resided for 30 months, and three nutrition regimes were imposed throughout the study by application of differing nutrient solution concentrations. High fertility suppressed mycorrhizal formation by P. tinctorius but promoted that of other mycobionts. Pisolithus mycorrhization induced substantial aboveground and belowground growth as indicated by dimensions and mass for the former and mass and length for the latter but favoring root over shoot growth overall. Furthermore, these mycorrhizae were frequently able to compensate for the growth stimulation of higher nutrient additions. Measurements of xylem pressure potential and soil water potential indicated that water uptake was enhanced by P. tinctorius during simulated drought episodes of two durations and in subsequent recovery periods. Inoculated seedlings had higher foliar concentrations of critical nutrients, especially N, and lower concentrations of potentially phytotoxic metallic elements, particularly Mn, than uninoculated seedlings, although the latter response was absent in high fertility. Spoil analyses clearly revealed the influence of the nutrition regimes but also the effects of seedling uptake on substrate chemistry, and reinforced the findings of the foliar analysis concerning suppression of metal uptake by P. tinctorius. Collectively, these results suggest that P. tinctorius can provide sweet birch an array of physiological benefits that will permit this tree species to flourish on harsh substrates such as surface mine spoils without heavy application of chemical fertilizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Restoration Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIRCH
KW  - MYCORRHIZAL plants
KW  - SEEDLINGS
KW  - SEEDLINGS -- Transplanting
KW  - XYLEM
KW  - FERTILIZERS
KW  - Betula lenta
KW  - ectomycorrhizae
KW  - phytotoxicity
KW  - Pisolithus tinctorius
KW  - reforestation
KW  - seedling nutrition
KW  - sweet birch
KW  - water relations.
N1  - Accession Number: 12284875; Walker, R. F. 1; Email Address: walker@ers.unr.edu McLaughlin, S. B. 2 West, D. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Knudtsen Renewable Natural Resource Center, University of Nevada, 1000 Valley Road, Reno, NV 89512, U.S.A.  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p8; Subject Term: BIRCH; Subject Term: MYCORRHIZAL plants; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS -- Transplanting; Subject Term: XYLEM; Subject Term: FERTILIZERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Betula lenta; Author-Supplied Keyword: ectomycorrhizae; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pisolithus tinctorius; Author-Supplied Keyword: reforestation; Author-Supplied Keyword: seedling nutrition; Author-Supplied Keyword: sweet birch; Author-Supplied Keyword: water relations.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325314 Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115112 Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418390 Agricultural chemical and other farm supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1061-2971.2004.00255.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biewer, T.M.
AU  - Bell, R.E.
AU  - Feder, R.
AU  - Johnson, D.W.
AU  - Palladino, R.W.
T1  - Edge rotation and temperature diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 75
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 650
EP  - 654
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A new diagnostic for the National Spherical Torus Experiment is described whose function is to measure ion rotation and temperature at the plasma edge. The diagnostic is sensitive to C III, C IV, and He II intrinsic emission, covering a radial region of 15 cm at the extreme edge of the outboard midplane. Thirteen chords are distributed between toroidal and poloidal views, allowing the toroidal and poloidal rotation and temperature of the plasma edge to be simultaneously measured with 10 ms resolution. Combined with the local pressure gradient and EFIT reconstructed magnetic field profile, the edge flow gives a measure of the local radial electric field. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR rotation
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 12292618; Biewer, T.M. 1; Email Address: tbiewer@pppl.gov Bell, R.E. 1 Feder, R. 1 Johnson, D.W. 1 Palladino, R.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, New Jersey; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p650; Subject Term: MOLECULAR rotation; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646740
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trelenberg, T.W.
AU  - Glade, S.C.
AU  - Felter, T.E.
AU  - Tobin, J.G.
AU  - Hamza, A.V.
T1  - Instrument for the investigation of the nanostructure of Pu and other actinides.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 75
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 713
EP  - 718
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An instrument for the synthesis and analysis of nanoparticles and ultrathin films of Pu and other actinides has been constructed. To facilitate the production of nanoscale specimens of these materials, pulsed laser ablation was chosen for the deposition process. The highly toxic and radioactive nature of these materials created a challenging safety environment that needed to be addressed before any work could begin. Particular attention has been paid in this respect towards our future work with plutonium, though the design structure presented here would work equally well with other nonradioactive toxic or reactive materials. The analytical capabilities of the instrument include in situ photoelectron spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The instrument design and first results will be discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 12292609; Trelenberg, T.W. 1 Glade, S.C. 1 Felter, T.E. 1 Tobin, J.G. 1 Hamza, A.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p713; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1647695
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, Kevin R.
AU  - Rude, Bruce S.
AU  - Smith, Jared
AU  - Cappa, Chris
AU  - Co, D.T.
AU  - Schaller, R.D.
AU  - Larsson, M.
AU  - Catalano, T.
AU  - Saykally, R.J.
T1  - Investigation of volatile liquid surfaces by synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy of liquid microjets.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 75
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 725
EP  - 736
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy is a powerful probe of surface electronic and geometric structure in metals, semiconductors, and thin films. Because these techniques generally require ultrahigh vacuum, corresponding studies of volatile liquid surfaces have hitherto been precluded. We describe the design and implementation of an x-ray experiment based on the use of liquid microjets, permitting the study of volatile liquid surfaces under quasi-equilibrium conditions by synchrotron-based spectroscopy. The liquid microjet temperatures are also characterized by Raman spectroscopy, which connects our structural studies with those conducted on liquid samples under equilibrium conditions. In recent experiments, we have observed and quantified the intermolecular surface relaxation of liquid water and methanol and have identified a large population of “acceptor-only” molecules at the liquid water interface. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PROBES (Electronic instruments)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 12292607; Wilson, Kevin R. 1 Rude, Bruce S. 2 Smith, Jared 1 Cappa, Chris 3 Co, D.T. 2 Schaller, R.D. 1; Email Address: saykally@uclink4.berkeley.edu Larsson, M. Catalano, T. Saykally, R.J.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California  3: Department of Physics, SCFAB, Sweden; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p725; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PROBES (Electronic instruments); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1645656
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Funk, T.
AU  - Friedrich, S.
AU  - Young, A.T.
AU  - Arenholz, E.
AU  - Delano, R.
AU  - Cramer, S.P.
T1  - Soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism at 2 K: A tool in biological inorganic chemistry.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 75
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 756
EP  - 759
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is the asymmetric absorption of left- and right-handed circularly polarized x rays and can be used to measure element-specific spin and oxidation states and magnetic moments. We have built an end station for XMCD spectroscopy to study transition metals located in the active sites of proteins and inorganic model compounds. The instrument is equipped with a 6 T superconducting magnet and a liquid helium cooled sample stage designed for experiments at temperatures as low as 2.2 K and beyond 160 K. Sample heating by infrared radiation is minimized using a liquid helium cooled heat shield with 100-nm-thick Al windows. We demonstrate the capabilities of the apparatus in a total electron yield study on the model compound [(F[sub 8]–TPP)Fe–O–Cu(TMPA)][sup +]. We show that Fe and Cu are antiferromagnetically coupled by comparing the polarity of the XMCD signal at the respective L-edges. We discuss the capability of the instrument to study dilute (<1000 ppm) transition metals in proteins using partial fluorescence yield. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DICHROISM
KW  - X-rays
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 12292603; Funk, T. 1; Email Address: tfunk@radiology.ucsf.edu Friedrich, S. 2,3 Young, A.T. 4 Arenholz, E. 1,3 Delano, R. Cramer, S.P.; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California  2: Advanced Detector Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California  3: Department of Applied Science, University of California  4: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p756; Subject Term: DICHROISM; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1645635
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coutant, Charles C.
T1  - A Riparian Habitat Hypothesis for Successful Reproduction of White Sturgeon.
JO  - Reviews in Fisheries Science
JF  - Reviews in Fisheries Science
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 73
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10641262
AB  - White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) has recruitment failure or severe interannual  variability in much of its range. Exceptions are Columbia River below Bonneville Dam,  Snake River below Hells Canyon Dam, lower Fraser River, and Sacramento River. Since  rivers were impounded or flows regulated, once-continuous populations now isolated  by natural barriers or dams often have not reproduced successfully, despite successful  spawning events. Research has not adequately explained recruitment failures or why  certain populations are successful. This paper proposes that submerged riparian habitat  during seasonal high water is needed for early development. Where recruitment is  successful, channels are complex and floodable riparian vegetation or rocky substrate is  abundant. There, spawning occurs in turbulent zones upstream (1--5 km) of seasonally  submerged riparian habitat, eggs can disperse into inundated habitat and adhere to  newly wetted surfaces for incubation, yolk-sac larvae can move to riparian crevices  for prefeeding development, feeding larvae have food-rich flooded habitat for early  growth, and larvae can transition to juveniles as water recedes to permanent channels.  Such habitat is lacking where recruitment is low and present only in high-flow years  where recruitment is sporadic. These observations suggest that management should  rehabilitate riparian zones and provide high river flows during spawning to stimulate  natural recruitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Reviews in Fisheries Science is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - White sturgeon
KW  - Riparian areas
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Fisheries
KW  - Acipenser transmontanus
KW  - egg attachment
KW  - larval habitat
KW  - recruitment
N1  - Accession Number: 12684996; Coutant, Charles C. 1; Email Address: CoutantCC@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p23; Thesaurus Term: White sturgeon; Thesaurus Term: Riparian areas; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Thesaurus Term: Reproduction; Thesaurus Term: Fisheries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acipenser transmontanus; Author-Supplied Keyword: egg attachment; Author-Supplied Keyword: larval habitat; Author-Supplied Keyword: recruitment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; Number of Pages: 51p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs, 3 Maps; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10641260490273023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrett, Chris
AU  - Drozda, Martin
AU  - Marathe, Madhav V.
AU  - Ravi, S. S.
AU  - Smith, James P.
T1  - A mobility and traffic generation framework for modeling and simulating ad hoc communication networks.
JO  - Scientific Programming
JF  - Scientific Programming
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
PB  - Hindawi Publishing Corporation
SN  - 10589244
AB  - We present a generic mobility and traffic generation framework that can be incorporated into a tool for modeling and simulating large scale ad~hoc networks. Three components of this framework, namely a mobility data generator (MDG), a graph structure generator (GSG) and an occlusion modification tool (OMT) allow a variety of mobility models to be incorporated into the tool. The MDG module generates positions of transceivers at specified time instants. The GSG module constructs the graph corresponding to the ad hoc network from the mobility data provided by MDG. The OMT module modifies the connectivity of the graph produced by GSG to allow for occlusion effects. With two other modules, namely an activity data generator (ADG) which generates packet transmission activities for transceivers and a packet activity simulator (PAS) which simulates the movement and interaction of packets among the transceivers, the framework allows the modeling and simulation of ad hoc communication networks. The design of the framework allows a user to incorporate various realistic parameters crucial in the simulation. We illustrate the utility of our framework through a comparative study of three mobility models. Two of these are synthetic models (random waypoint and exponentially correlated mobility) proposed in the literature. The third model is based on an urban population mobility modeling tool (TRANSIMS) developed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This tool is capable of providing comprehensive information about the demographics, mobility and interactions of members of a large urban population. A comparison of these models is carried out by computing a variety of parameters associated with the graph structures generated by the models. There has recently been interest in the structural properties of graphs that arise in real world systems. We examine two aspects of this for the graphs created by the mobility models: change associated with power control (range of transceivers) and variation in time as transceivers move in space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Scientific Programming is the property of Hindawi Publishing Corporation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - TELECOMMUNICATION
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - graph theory
KW  - mobile and ad hoc networks
KW  - mobility models
KW  - simulation and modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 12345143; Barrett, Chris 1; Email Address: barrett@lanl.gov Drozda, Martin 2; Email Address: drozda@sim.uni-hannover.de Marathe, Madhav V. 1; Email Address: marathe@lanl.gov Ravi, S. S. 3; Email Address: ravi@cs.albany.edu Smith, James P. 1; Email Address: jpsmith@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Basic and Applied Simulation Science (CCS-5) Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M997, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: University of Hanover, FG Simulation and Modellierung, Welfengarton 1, 30167 Hanover, Germany  3: Department of Computer Science, University at Albany - SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: TELECOMMUNICATION; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: graph theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: mobile and ad hoc networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: mobility models; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation and modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517910 Other telecommunications; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811213 Communication Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517919 All Other Telecommunications; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517911 Telecommunications Resellers; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 8 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagel, Dan
AU  - Bailey, David H.
AU  - Filman, Robert E.
T1  - Industrial Strength Parallel Computing: Programming Massively Parallel Processors, by Alice E. Koniges.
JO  - Scientific Programming
JF  - Scientific Programming
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 57
EP  - 62
PB  - Hindawi Publishing Corporation
SN  - 10589244
AB  - Reviews several books about scientific programming.  "Industrial Strength Parallel Computing: Programming Massively Parallel Processors," by Alice E. Koniges; "Java Number Cruncher: The Java Programmer's Guide to Numerical Computing," by Ronald Mak; "Four Colors Suffice: How the Map Problem Was Solved," by Robin Wilson.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KONIGES, Alice E.
KW  - MAK, Ronald
KW  - WILSON, Robin
KW  - INDUSTRIAL Strength Parallel Computing: Programming Massively Parallel Processors (Book)
KW  - JAVA Number Cruncher: The Java Programmer's Guide to Numerical Computing (Book)
KW  - FOUR Colors Suffice (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12345140; Nagel, Dan 1 Bailey, David H. 2 Filman, Robert E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Purple Sage Computing Solutions Inc., USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Research Institute for Advanced Computer, Science/NASA Ames Research Center; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 12 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: INDUSTRIAL Strength Parallel Computing: Programming Massively Parallel Processors (Book); Reviews & Products: JAVA Number Cruncher: The Java Programmer's Guide to Numerical Computing (Book); Reviews & Products: FOUR Colors Suffice (Book); People: KONIGES, Alice E.; People: MAK, Ronald; People: WILSON, Robin; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koopman, M.
AU  - Gouadec, G.
AU  - Carlisle, K.
AU  - Chawla, K.K.
AU  - Gladysz, G.
T1  - Compression testing of hollow microspheres (microballoons) to obtain mechanical properties
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Glass microballoons (GMBs), which are hollow microspheres, were tested to obtain uniaxial compressive properties. Individual GMBs with diameters between approximately 5 and 90 μm were tested in compression using a nanoindentation instrument equipped with a flat ended sapphire tip. GMBs failed at loads ranging from 2.4 to 49.7 mN, and showed a direct relation between diameter and load to failure and between diameter and fracture energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - MICROSPHERES
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Compression test
KW  - Microballons
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Non-metallic glasses (silicates)
KW  - Toughness
N1  - Accession Number: 11729479; Koopman, M. 1; Email Address: mkoopman@uab.edu Gouadec, G. 2 Carlisle, K. 1 Chawla, K.K. 1 Gladysz, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 Third Ave. South. BEC 254, Birmingham, AL 35294-4461, USA  2: LADIR, UMR 7075, CNRS––Univ. P. et M. Curie, 94320, Thiais, France  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p593; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: MICROSPHERES; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Compression test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microballons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-metallic glasses (silicates); Author-Supplied Keyword: Toughness; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henager Jr., C.H.
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
T1  - A rebound mechanism for misfit dislocation creation in metallic nanolayers
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 701
SN  - 13596462
AB  - A version of the Dregia–Hirth rebound mechanism for misfit dislocation creation is observed in atomistic models of Cu–Ni nanolayered structures. Glide dislocations in Cu layers undergo a reaction at the Cu–Ni interface under applied compression to produce another glide dislocation and a misfit dislocation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - COPPER
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - Cu–Ni
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Misfit dislocations
KW  - Nanolayered materials
KW  - Nanostructure
N1  - Accession Number: 11729499; Henager Jr., C.H.; Email Address: chuck.henager@pnl.gov Hoagland, R.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Structure and Performance, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd.MS P8-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p701; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: NICKEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu–Ni; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Misfit dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanolayered materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.09.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirshman, S. P.
AU  - Berry, L. A.
AU  - Jesse, S.
T1  - DYNAMIC DATABASE GENERATION FOR EFFICIENT CALCULATION OF STELLARATOR PLASMA EQUILIBRIA.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1880
EP  - 1895
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - A numerical scheme has been developed and tested that significantly reduces (by a factor of 30, typically) both the computation time and storage requirements for external magnetic field calculations embedded in a three-dimensional iterative magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium calculation. The equilibrium is computed from external magnetic fields that are calculated numerically using the Biot-Savart law applied to a complex set of coils. These fields must be evaluated on the plasma boundary, which evolves as the equilibrium converges. The improved efficiency of the present method results from dynamically building and storing a database of magnetic field components on a grid that is determined by the changing plasma boundary itself. When possible, field values on the plasma boundary for a particular iteration are interpolated from these grid values, thus eliminating the need for further time-consuming Biot-Savart calculations. New grid points are added to the database only when the boundary moves outside the spatial range of previously computed interpolation values. This dynamical method is particularly efficient when the equilibrium calculation is embedded in an optimization loop, where evolution of the coil set requires many reevaluations of the database. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - dynamic database
KW  - linked list
KW  - optimization
KW  - plasma equilibrium
KW  - stellarator
N1  - Accession Number: 14446340; Hirshman, S. P. 1; Email Address: hirshmansp@ornl.gov Berry, L. A. 1; Email Address: berryla@ornl.gov Jesse, S. 1; Email Address: sjesse@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8071; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 25 Issue 6, p1880; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic database; Author-Supplied Keyword: linked list; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: stellarator; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1106482750342458X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennighof, Jeffrey K.
AU  - Lehoucq, R. B.
T1  - AN AUTOMATED MULTILEVEL SUBSTRUCTURING METHOD FOR EIGENSPACE COMPUTATION IN LINEAR ELASTODYNAMICS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2084
EP  - 2106
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We present an automated multilevel substructuring (AMLS) method for eigenvalue computations in linear elastodynamics in a variational and algebraic setting. AMLS first recursively partitions the domain of the PDE into a hierarchy of subdomains. Then AMLS recursively generates a subspace for approximating the eigenvectors associated with the smallest eigenvalues by computing partial eigensolutions associated with the subdomains and the interfaces between them. We remark that although we present AMLS for linear elastodynamics, our formulation is abstract and applies to generic H1-elliptic bilinear forms. In the variational formulation, we define an interface mass operator that is consistent with the treatment of elastic properties by the familiar Steklov-Poincaré operator. With this interface mass operator, all of the subdomain and interface eigenvalue problems in AMLS become orthogonal projections of the global eigenvalue problem onto a hierarchy of subspaces. Convergence of AMLS is determined in the continuous setting by the truncation of these eigenspaces, independent of other discretization schemes. The goal of AMLS, in the algebraic setting, is to achieve a high level of dimensional reduction, locally and inexpensively, while balancing the errors associated with truncation and the finite element discretization. This is accomplished by matching the mesh-independent AMLS truncation error with the finite element discretization error. Our report ends with numerical experiments that demonstrate the effectiveness of AMLS on a model problem and an industrial problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - dimensional reduction
KW  - domain decomposition
KW  - eigenvalues
KW  - finite elements
KW  - frequency response
KW  - modal analysis
KW  - multilevel
KW  - substructuring
N1  - Accession Number: 14446270; Bennighof, Jeffrey K. 1; Email Address: bennighof@mail.utexas.edu Lehoucq, R. B. 2; Email Address: rblehou@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Aerospace Engineering & Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1085  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 25 Issue 6, p2084; Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: dimensional reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: eigenvalues; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: frequency response; Author-Supplied Keyword: modal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: multilevel; Author-Supplied Keyword: substructuring; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11137/S11064827502400650
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Renella, G.
AU  - Mench, M.
AU  - van der Lelie, D.
AU  - Pietramellara, G.
AU  - Ascher, J.
AU  - Ceccherini, M.T.
AU  - Landi, L.
AU  - Nannipieri, P.
T1  - Hydrolase activity, microbial biomass and community structure in long-term Cd-contaminated soils
JO  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
JF  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
AB  - Long-term effects of high Cd concentrations on enzyme activities, microbial biomass and respiration and bacterial community structure of soils were assessed in sandy soils where Cd was added between 1988 and 1990 as Cd(NO3)2 to reach concentrations ranging from 0 to 0.36 mmol Cd kg−1 dry weight soil. Soils were mantained under maize and grass cultivation, or ‘set-aside’ regimes, for 1 year. Solubility of Cd and its bioavailability were measured by chemical extractions or by the BIOMET bacterial biosensor system. Cadmium solubility was very low, and Cd bioavailability was barely detectable even in soils polluted with 0.36 mmol Cd kg−1. Soil microbial biomass carbon <f>(BC)</f> was slightly decreased and respiration was increased significantly even at the lower Cd concentration and as a consequence the metabolic quotient <f>(qCO2)</f> was increased, indicating a stressful condition for soil microflora. However, Cd-contaminated soils also had a lower total organic C (TOC) content and thus the microbial biomass C-to-TOC ratio was unaffected by Cd. Alkaline phosphomonoesterase, arylsulphatase and protease activities were significantly reduced in all Cd-contaminated soils whereas acid phosphomonoesterase, β-glucosidase and urease activites were unaffected by Cd. Neither changes in physiological groups of bacteria, nor of Cd resistant bacteria could be detected in numbers of the culturable bacterial community. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of the bacterial community showed slight changes in maize cropped soils containing 0.18 and 0.36 mmol Cd kg−1 soil as compared to the control. It was concluded that high Cd concentrations induced mainly physiological adaptations rather than selection for metal-resistant culturable soil microflora, regardless of Cd concentration, and that some biochemical parameters were more sensitive to stress than others. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Biology & Biochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - BIOAVAILABILITY
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Enzyme activities
KW  - Microbial community
N1  - Accession Number: 12168511; Renella, G. 1; Email Address: giancarlo.renella@unifi.it Mench, M. 2 van der Lelie, D. 3 Pietramellara, G. 1 Ascher, J. 1 Ceccherini, M.T. 1 Landi, L. 1 Nannipieri, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, University of Florence, Piazzale delle delle Cascine, 28 50144 Florence, Italy  2: Unité d'Agronomie, INRA Centre Bordeaux-Aquitaine, 71, Av. E. Bourlaux, BP81, F-33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Biology Department Building, 463 Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p443; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: BIOAVAILABILITY; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioavailability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enzyme activities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbial community; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.soilbio.2003.10.022
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, B.
AU  - Penwell, D.
AU  - Nguyen, J.H.
AU  - Kruger, M.B.
T1  - High pressure X-ray diffraction study of Fe2B
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 129
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We report the results of a synchrotron based X-ray diffraction study of bct-Fe2B under quasi-hydrostatic conditions from 0 to 50 GPa. Over this pressure range, no phase change or disproportionation has been observed. A weighted fit of the data to the Birch–Murnaghan equation of state yields a value of the bulk modulus, <f>K,</f> of 164±14 GPa and the first pressure derivative of the bulk modulus, <f>K′,</f> of 4.4±0.5. The compression is found to be anisotropic, with the <f>a-</f>axis being more incompressible than the <f>c-</f>axis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - IRON
KW  - A. Iron boride
KW  - C. XRD
KW  - E. High pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 11881711; Chen, B. 1,2; Email Address: bin@creol.ucf.edu Penwell, D. 1 Nguyen, J.H. 3 Kruger, M.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA  2: School of Optics/CREOL, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA  3: Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94511, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129 Issue 9, p573; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: IRON; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Iron boride; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. XRD; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. High pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.12.005
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rudresh
AU  - Ramakumar, Suryanarayanarao
AU  - Ramagopal, Udupi A.
AU  - Inai, Yoshihito
AU  - Goel, Suchi
AU  - Sahal, Dinkar
AU  - Chauhan, Virander S.
T1  - De Novo Design and Characterization of a Helical Hairpin Eicosapeptide: Emergence of an Anion Receptor in the Linker Region
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
SN  - 09692126
AB  - De novo design of supersecondary structures is expected to provide useful molecular frameworks for the incorporation of functional sites as in proteins. A 21 residue long, dehydrophenylalanine-containing peptide has been de novo designed and its crystal structure determined. The apolar peptide folds into a helical hairpin supersecondary structure with two right-handed helices, connected by a tetraglycine linker. The helices of the hairpin interact with each other through a combination of C-H···O and N-H···O hydrogen bonds. The folding of the apolar peptide has been realized without the help of either metal ions or disulphide bonds. A remarkable feature of the peptide is the unanticipated occurrence of an anion binding motif in the linker region, strikingly similar in conformation and function to the “nest” motif seen in several proteins. The observation supports the view for the possible emergence of rudimentary functions over short sequence stretches in the early peptides under prebiotic conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - AMINES
KW  - METAL ions
N1  - Accession Number: 12503385; Rudresh 1 Ramakumar, Suryanarayanarao 1,2 Ramagopal, Udupi A. 3 Inai, Yoshihito 4 Goel, Suchi 5 Sahal, Dinkar 5 Chauhan, Virander S. 5; Email Address: virander@icgeb.res.in; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India  2: Bioinformatics Center, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India  3: NCI-Frederick and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 725A-X9, NSLS, BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA  4: Department of Environmental Technology and Urban Planning, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan  5: International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p389; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: METAL ions; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.02.014
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Ziming
AU  - Hu, Weidong
AU  - Cano, Leticia
AU  - Lee, Terry D.
AU  - Chen, David J.
AU  - Chen, Yuan
T1  - Solution Structure of the C-Terminal Domain of Ku80 Suggests Important Sites for Protein-Protein Interactions
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
SN  - 09692126
AB  - The solution structure of Ku80 CTD from residue 566 to 732 has been solved in order to gain insights into the mechanisms of its interactions with other proteins. The structure reveals a topology similar to several common scaffolds for protein-protein interactions, in the absence of significant sequence similarity to these proteins. Conserved surface amino acid residues are clustered on two main surface areas, which are likely involved in mediating interactions between Ku80 and other proteins. The Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer has been shown to be involved in at least three processes, nonhomologous end joining, transcription, and telomere maintenance, and thus it needs to interact with different proteins involved in these different processes. The three-dimensional structure of the Ku80 C-terminal domain and the availability of NMR chemical shift assignments provide a basis for further investigation of the interactions between Ku80 and other proteins in these Ku-dependent cellular functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 12503395; Zhang, Ziming 1,2 Hu, Weidong 1 Cano, Leticia 1,2 Lee, Terry D. 1 Chen, David J. 3 Chen, Yuan 1; Email Address: ychen@coh.org; Affiliation:  1: Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA  2: Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA  3: DNA Repair and Nuclear Organization Group, Cell and Molecular Biology Department, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p495; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.02.007
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Formanek, F.
AU  - De Wilde, Y.
AU  - Aigouy, L.
AU  - Kwok, W.K.
AU  - Paulius, L.
AU  - Chen, Y.
T1  - Nanometer-scale probing of optical and thermal near-fields with an apertureless NSOM
JO  - Superlattices & Microstructures
JF  - Superlattices & Microstructures
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
EP  - 323
SN  - 07496036
AB  - We have used a home-made apertureless near-field scanning optical microscope (ANSOM) for mapping nanometric steps between SiC and gold regions under visible (λ=655 nm) and infrared (λ=10.6 μm) illumination. The images, obtained with a signal demodulation at the tip oscillation frequency and at higher harmonics, clearly show optical contrasts with a subwavelength resolution of about 30 nm. Other images recorded in the visible on a YBa2Cu3O7 crystal indicate that the tip used in our experiments is able to reveal polarization effects. We also present a near-field thermal optical microscope (NTOM) which operates without any external illumination. In this new kind of microscope, the laser source which is usually used to excite the evanescent waves, is replaced by a simple heating of the sample. The electromagnetic radiation locally scattered by the tip comes from the thermal radiation. Our results with this new technique prove a 200 nm lateral resolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Superlattices & Microstructures is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - MICROSCOPES
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Near-field optics
KW  - Thermic
KW  - Visible
N1  - Accession Number: 14189830; Formanek, F. 1; Email Address: formanek@optique.espci.fr De Wilde, Y. 1 Aigouy, L. 1 Kwok, W.K. 2 Paulius, L. 2,3 Chen, Y. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire d’Optique Physique, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, CNRS UPR A0005, Université Pierre & Marie Curie, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60610, USA  3: Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA  4: Laboratoire de Photonique et Nanostructures, CNRS, route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, France; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 35 Issue 3-6, p315; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: MICROSCOPES; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Near-field optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visible; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.spmi.2003.10.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorden, Anne E. V.
AU  - Davis, Julian
AU  - Sessler, Jonathan L.
AU  - Král, Vladimir
AU  - Webster, Keogh, D.
AU  - Schroeder, Norman L.
T1  - Monoprotonated Sapphyrin-Pertechnetate Anion Interactions in Aqueous Media.
JO  - Supramolecular Chemistry
JF  - Supramolecular Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 100
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10610278
AB  - The addition of aqueous pH 7 solutions of 7.2×10 -3 M pertechnetate to dilute aqueous 2.5% MeOH solutions containing a water-solubilized sapphyrin, 3,12,13,22-tetraethyl-8,17-bis[bis(hydroxyethyl)-amino)carbonylethyl]-2,7,18,23-tetramethylsapphyrin ( 1 ), gives rise to spectroscopic changes in the UV-Vis spectrum of 1 that are consistent with anion-binding and sapphyrin deaggregation. The spectroscopic changes induced by pertechnetate were found to differ dramatically from those induced by the addition of either pure water or dilute nitric acid; however, they were found to parallel those seen when sodium phosphate was added to solutions of 1 under analogous experimental conditions. Fits of the spectroscopic titration data to a 1:1 binding profile revealed that the effective K describing the interaction of pertechnetate anion with 1 was ca. 3900±300 M -1 ; this value compares to the effective K of 23000±3000 M -1 that describes the corresponding interaction of sodium phosphate with 1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Supramolecular Chemistry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IONIC solutions
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - SODIUM phosphates
KW  - Anion binding
KW  - Aqueous media
KW  - Pertechnetate anion
KW  - Phosphate anion
KW  - Sapphyrin
N1  - Accession Number: 11501645; Gorden, Anne E. V. 1 Davis, Julian 1 Sessler, Jonathan L. 1; Email Address: sessler@mail.utexas.edu Král, Vladimir 2 Webster, Keogh, D. 3 Schroeder, Norman L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, 1 University Station-A5400, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, USA  2: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, 16628 Praque 6, Technicka 5, Czech Republic  3: Chemistry and Nuclear Materials Technology Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p91; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IONIC solutions; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: SODIUM phosphates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anion binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pertechnetate anion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphate anion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sapphyrin; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vogt, Tom
T1  - Nanoscience at the National Synchrotron Light Source.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/03//Mar/Apr2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 22
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Reports on the construction of the Center for Functional Nanomaterials at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York. Provision of laboratory space for materials synthesis, electron microscopy, proximal probes, ultra-fast optical experiments and nanopatterning; Exploration of focusing techniques to provide X-ray beams at nanometer dimensions; Application in diffraction, fluorescence and X-ray microscopy.
KW  - RESEARCH institutes
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - UPTON (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13122183; Vogt, Tom 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department and Cancer for Functional Nanometerials Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA; Source Info: Mar/Apr2004, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p12; Subject Term: RESEARCH institutes; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: UPTON (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slavov, G. T.
AU  - Howe, G. T.
AU  - Yakovlev, I.
AU  - Edwards, K. J.
AU  - Krutovskii, K. V.
AU  - Tuskan, G. A.
AU  - Carlson, J. E.
AU  - Strauss, S. H.
AU  - Adams, W. T.
T1  - Highly variable SSR markers in Douglas-fir: Mendelian inheritance and map locations.
JO  - Theoretical & Applied Genetics
JF  - Theoretical & Applied Genetics
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 108
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
EP  - 880
SN  - 00405752
AB  - Twenty-two highly variable SSR markers were developed in Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] from five SSR-enriched genomic libraries. Fifteen PCR primer pairs amplified a single codominant locus, while seven primer pairs occasionally amplified two loci. The Mendelian inheritance of all 22 SSRs was confirmed via segregation analyses in several Douglas-fir families. The mean observed heterozygosity and the mean number of alleles per locus were 0.855 (SE=0.020) and 23 (SE=1.6), respectively. Twenty markers were used in genetic linkage analysis and mapped to ten known linkage groups. Because of their high polymorphism and unambiguous phenotypes, 15 single-locus markers were selected as the most suitable for DNA fingerprinting and parentage analysis. Only three SSRs were sufficient to achieve an average probability of exclusion from paternity of 0.998 in a Douglas-fir seed orchard block consisting of 59 parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical & Applied Genetics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC markers
KW  - DOUGLAS fir
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - DNA fingerprinting
N1  - Accession Number: 16707665; Slavov, G. T. 1; Email Address: gancho.slavov@orst.edu Howe, G. T. 1 Yakovlev, I. 2 Edwards, K. J. 3 Krutovskii, K. V. 4 Tuskan, G. A. 5 Carlson, J. E. 6 Strauss, S. H. 1 Adams, W. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, OR 97331-5752, Corvallis, USA.  2: Norwegian Forest Research Institute (Skogforsk), Hogskoleveien 12, 1432, As, Norway.  3: Functional Genomics Group, OB120, School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, BS8 1UG, Bristol, UK.  4: Institute of Forest Genetics, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, CA 95616, Davis, USA.  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6422, P.O. Box 2008, TN 37830, Oak Ridge, USA.  6: School of Forest Resources, Pennsylvania State University, PA 16802-5805, University Park, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 5, p873; Subject Term: GENETIC markers; Subject Term: DOUGLAS fir; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: DNA fingerprinting; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00122-003- 149O-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leontyev, I. V.
AU  - Basilevsky, M. V.
AU  - Newton, M. D.
T1  - Theory and computation of electron transfer reorganization energies with continuum and molecular solvent models.
JO  - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling
JF  - Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 111
IS  - 2-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
EP  - 121
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 1432881X
AB  - Contemporary continuum-based models of solvation in polar media are surveyed and assessed, with special focus on non-equilibrium solvation. A new hybrid approach combining molecular-level treatment of inertial solvent response, and inclusion of inertialess solvent response at the continuum level, is presented and illustrated in terms of calculated equilibrium solvation free energies for small molecular ions and reorganization free energies for model dumbbell systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, & Modeling is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - SOLVATION
KW  - IONS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - Electron transfer
KW  - Reorganization energy
KW  - Solvation models
N1  - Accession Number: 15544207; Leontyev, I. V. 1 Basilevsky, M. V. 1; Email Address: basil@cc.nifhi.ac.ru Newton, M. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, ul. Vorontsovo Pole 10, Moscow , 105064, Russia.  2: Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 5000, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 111 Issue 2-6, p110; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reorganization energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvation models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00214-003-0546-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenzel, Thomas P.
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Slott, Robert R.
AU  - Stedman, Donald H.
T1  - Short-term emissions deterioration in the California and Phoenix I/M programs
JO  - Transportation Research: Part D
JF  - Transportation Research: Part D
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
EP  - 124
SN  - 13619209
AB  - An earlier analysis of the inspection and maintenance (I/M) program in Phoenix, Arizona [Environ. Sci. Policy 4 (2001) 377] found that fleet average emissions increased or “deteriorated” substantially between biennial I/M test cycles, and that a large fraction of the vehicles that initially failed and later passed in the first I/M cycle failed again two years later. In this paper we study vehicles that reported for a second I/M cycle well before their required biennial cycle, often because the subject vehicle was about to be sold to a new owner, in the decentralized California ASM program and the centralized Phoenix IM240 program. Because the off-cycle tests occurred at different times after the initial cycle, they allow the analysis of repeat failure rates over the shorter term (less than two years). We found that in California 20% of fail–pass vehicles, and 5% of initial-pass vehicles, failed the initial test of their next I/M cycle occurring within three months of completing the previous cycle; the failure rates were even higher in the centralized Phoenix program. This suggests that highly variable emissions, and not test fraud, were the cause of the large number of vehicles failing so soon after completing a previous I/M cycle. According to a model, as much as 74% of the vehicles that failed their initial test in Phoenix passed a retest because of emissions variability, and not because any repairs were performed. Vehicles with highly variable emissions may not only fail and pass a subsequent retest without repair, but also are likely to fail again if tested shortly thereafter. A large number of these vehicles may explain the apparent rapid increase or “deterioration” in fleet emissions observed in multiple years of I/M test result data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Transportation Research: Part D is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VEHICLES
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Flippers
KW  - Inspection/maintenance programs
KW  - Vehicle emissions
KW  - Evaluation
N1  - Accession Number: 22237942; Wenzel, Thomas P. 1; Email Address: tpwenzel@lbl.gov Singer, Brett C. 1 Slott, Robert R. 2 Stedman, Donald H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Room 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: 71 Hawes Avenue, Hyannis, MA 02601, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p107; Subject Term: VEHICLES; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: POLLUTION; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flippers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inspection/maintenance programs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vehicle emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaluation; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.trd.2003.09.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=22237942&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Straub, T. M.
AU  - Quinonez-Diaz, M. D.
AU  - Valdez, C. O.
AU  - Call, D. R.
AU  - Chandler, D. P.
T1  - Using DNA microarrays to detect multiple pathogen threats in water.
JO  - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply
JF  - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply
Y1  - 2004/03//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
EP  - 114
SN  - 16069749
AB  - We present four studies that illustrate the use of DNA microarrays for the detection and subsequent genotyping of waterborne pathogens. A genotyping array targeting four virulence factor genes in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) was tested. The arrays were clearly able to differentiate between E. coli O157:H7 genotypes and E. coli O91:H2. Non-pathogenic E. coli and non-target organisms were not detected on this array. In the second study, an hsp70 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array for specific Cryptosporidium parvum detection was constructed to differentiate between principle genotypes. SNPs, and hence differences between genotypes, were easily detected on this type of array. In the third study an array for Helicobacter pylori was tested for simultaneous SNP discrimination and presence or absence of virulence factor genes. Results from this study showed that both SNP discrimination for some conserved genes, and the presence or absence of virulence factor genes was possible. In the fourth study, multiplexing was achieved by direct hybridization and detection of mRNA to the array. For highly expressed genes, visible signal was detected at 312.5 ng of total RNA, indicating that these new methods may have sufficient environmental sensitivity without the need to perform PCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Science & Technology: Water Supply is the property of IWA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nucleic acids
KW  - Virulence (Microbiology)
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - Immobilized nucleic acids
KW  - Genetic polymorphisms
KW  - Nucleotides
KW  - multiplexed pathogen detection
KW  - single nucleotide polymorphisms
N1  - Accession Number: 31663185; Straub, T. M. 1; Email Address: timothy.straub@pnl.gov; Quinonez-Diaz, M. D. 1; Email Address: maria.quinonez-diaz@pnl.gov; Valdez, C. O. 1; Email Address: catherine.valdez@pnl.gov; Call, D. R. 1; Chandler, D. P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p107; Thesaurus Term: Nucleic acids; Thesaurus Term: Virulence (Microbiology); Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: Immobilized nucleic acids; Subject Term: Genetic polymorphisms; Subject Term: Nucleotides; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiplexed pathogen detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: single nucleotide polymorphisms; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eswaramoorthy, Subramaniam
AU  - Kumaran, Desigan
AU  - Keller, James
AU  - Swaminathan, Subramanyam
T1  - Role of Metals in the Biological Activity of Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxins.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/02/
VL  - 43
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2209
EP  - 2216
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins are the most potent toxins to humans and cause paralysis by blocking neurotransmitter release at the presynaptic nerve terminals. The toxicity involves four steps, viz., binding to neuronal cells, internalization, translocation, and catalytic activity. While the catalytic activity is a zinc endopeptidase activity on the SNARE complex proteins, the translocation is believed to be a pH-dependent process allowing the translocation domain to change its conformation to penetrate the endosomal membrane. Here, we report the crystal structures of botulinum neurotoxin type B at various pHs and of an ape form of the neurotoxin, and discuss the role of metal ions and the effect of pH variation in the biological activity. Except for the perturbation of a few side chains, the conformation of the catalytic domain is unchanged in the zinc-depleted apotoxin, suggesting that zinc's role is catalytic. We have also identified two calcium ions in the molecule and present biochemical evidence to show that they play a role in the translocation of the light chain through the membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - NEUROTRANSMITTERS
KW  - ENDOPEPTIDASES
KW  - BOTULINUM toxin
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum
KW  - POISONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12470738; Eswaramoorthy, Subramaniam 1 Kumaran, Desigan 1 Keller, James 2 Swaminathan, Subramanyam 1; Email Address: swami@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  2: Laboratory of Bacterial Toxins, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.; Source Info: 3/2/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 8, p2209; Subject Term: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject Term: NEUROTRANSMITTERS; Subject Term: ENDOPEPTIDASES; Subject Term: BOTULINUM toxin; Subject Term: CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum; Subject Term: POISONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lesko, K.T.
T1  - Neutrino experiments.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s43
EP  - s50
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - This review examines a wide variety of experiments investigating neutrino interactions and neutrino properties from a variety of neutrino sources. We have witnessed remarkable progress in the past two years in settling long standing problems in neutrino physics and uncovering the first evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model in nearly 30 years. This manuscript briefly reviews this recent progress in the field of neutrino physics and highlights several significant experimental arenas and topics for the coming decade of particular interest. These highlighted experiments include the precision determination of oscillation parameters including θ13, θ12, Δm122 and Δm232 as well as a number of fundamental properties are likely to be probed included nature of the neutrino (Majorana versus Dirac), the number of neutrino families and the neutrino’s absolute mass. PACS: 14.60.Pq Neutrino mass and mixing – 26.65.+t Solar neutrinos – 95.85.Ry Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particles; cosmic rays – 23.40.Bw Weak-interaction and lepton (including neutrino) aspects of beta decay – 13.15.+g Neutrino interactions – 14.60.St Non-standard-model neutrinos, right-handed neutrinos, etc. – 14.60.Lm Ordinary neutrinos (nue, numu, nutau) – 95.55.Vj Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 15415392; Lesko, K.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps43; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-1693-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415392&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mioduszewski, Saskia
T1  - Relativistic heavy ion physics: An experimental review.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s107
EP  - s113
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - A review of relativistic heavy ion physics is given, with emphasis on selected interesting results. The charged particle multiplicity is compared from measurements at the AGS, SPS, and RHIC. Collective motion due to a build-up of pressure is discussed, with implications on estimates of the energy density of the produced medium. The suppression of J/ψ and the enhancement of low-mass dileptons observed in experiments at the SPS are highlighted. The high pT phenomena at RHIC are discussed in some detail. The suppression of high pT hadrons in central Au+Au collisions is shown, as well as the absence of such a suppression in d+Au collisions. PACS: 25.75.-q Relativistic heavy-ion collisions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - HADRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15415386; Mioduszewski, Saskia 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973,; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps107; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: HADRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-1665-y
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415386&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jäger, Sebastian
AU  - Nierste, Ulrich
T1  - ... mixing in an SO(10) SUSY GUT model.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s256
EP  - s258
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - perform a renormalisation group analysis of the SO(10) model proposed by Chang, Masiero and Murayama, which links the large atmospheric neutrino mixing angle to loop-induced transitions between right-handed b and s quarks. We compute the impact on Bs-&Bmacr;s mixing and find that the mass difference in the Bs system can exceed its Standard Model value by a factor of 16. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 15415467; Jäger, Sebastian 1 Nierste, Ulrich 2; Affiliation:  1: Physik-Department T31, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps256; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-1581-y
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415467&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thom, Julia
T1  - Rare charm and B decays at CDF.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s303
EP  - s305
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - We present results on rare charm and B decays using 65pb–1 of data taken with the CDF detector in Run II. Three results are discussed, a measurement of the relative branching ratios Γ(D0→ K+K–)/Γ(D0→ Kπ) and Γ(D0→π+π–)/Γ(D0→ Kπ) and the direct CP-violating decay rate asymmetry, and a limit on the branching ratio of the FCNC decay D0→μ+μ–. We also discuss the prospects for the search for B0s→μ+μ– decays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - DECAY schemes (Radioactivity)
N1  - Accession Number: 15415514; Thom, Julia 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O.Box 500, Batavia, IL 60501-0500, USA; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps303; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: DECAY schemes (Radioactivity); NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2003-03-212-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415514&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawson, S.
AU  - Jackson, C.B.
AU  - Orr, L.H.
AU  - Reina, L.
AU  - Wackeroth, D.
T1  - Theoretical progress for the associated production of a Higgs boson with heavy quarks at hadron colliders.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s451
EP  - s453
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The production of a Higgs boson in association with a pair of t&tmacr; or b&bmacr; quarks plays a very important role at both the Tevatron and the Large Hadron Collider. The theoretical prediction of the corresponding cross sections has been improved by including the complete next-to-leading order QCD corrections. After a brief introduction, we review the results obtained for both the Tevatron and the Large Hadron Collider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - INTERACTING boson-fermion models
N1  - Accession Number: 15415500; Dawson, S. 1 Jackson, C.B. 2 Orr, L.H. 3 Reina, L. 2 Wackeroth, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4350, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  4: Department of Physics, SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-1500, USA; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps451; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: INTERACTING boson-fermion models; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2003-03-425-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415500&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kidonakis, Nikolaos
AU  - Vogt, Ramona
T1  - Top quark production at the Tevatron at NNLO.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s466
EP  - s468
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - We present results for top quark production at the Tevatron including next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) soft-gluon corrections. We show the stability of the cross section with respect to kinematics choice and scale when the NNLO corrections are taken into account. PACS: 12.38.Bx perturbative calculations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MOTION
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - QUARK models
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15415604; Kidonakis, Nikolaos 1 Vogt, Ramona 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK  2: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  3: Physics Department, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps466; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MOTION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: QUARK models; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2003-03-430-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415604&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
T1  - Open charm production in DIS at HERA.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s488
EP  - s490
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - An overview of recent HERA results on inclusive production of D*± mesons in deep inelastic scattering is given. PACS: 12.38Bx Perturbative calculations – 12.38Qk Experimental tests [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 15415609; Chekanov, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps488; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2003-03-438-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415609&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Back, B. B.
AU  - Baker, M. D.
AU  - Barton, D. S.
AU  - Betts, R. R.
AU  - Ballintijn, M.
AU  - Bickley, A. A.
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Budzanowski, A.
AU  - Busza, W.
AU  - Carroll, A.
AU  - Decowski, M. P.
AU  - García, E.
AU  - George, N.
AU  - Gulbrandsen, K.
AU  - Gushue, S.
AU  - Halliwell, C.
AU  - Hamblen, J.
AU  - Heintzelman, G. A.
AU  - Henderson, C.
AU  - Hofman, D. J.
T1  - Low-pT spectra of identified charged particles in ... = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions from PHOBOS experiment at RHIC.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s600
EP  - s602
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The PHOBOS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), comprising the spectrometer with multiple layers of silicon wafers, is an excellent detector for very low transverse momentum (pT ) particles. Transverse momentum distributions of &pai;-+ &pai;+, K-+ K+ and p + &bmacr;p produced at midrapidity are presented for the 15% most central Au-Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV. The momentum ranges for measured particles are from 30 to 50 MeV/c for pions, 90 to 130 MeV/c for kaons and 140 to 210 MeV/c for protons and antiprotons. The measurement method is briefly described. A comparison of the pT spectra to experimental results at higher particle momenta and to model predictions is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - INSTRUMENT industry
N1  - Accession Number: 15415383; Back, B. B. 1 Baker, M. D. 2 Barton, D. S. 2 Betts, R. R. 3 Ballintijn, M. 4 Bickley, A. A. 5 Bindel, R. 5 Budzanowski, A. 6 Busza, W. 4 Carroll, A. 2 Decowski, M. P. 4 García, E. 3 George, N. 1,2 Gulbrandsen, K. 4 Gushue, S. 2 Halliwell, C. 3 Hamblen, J. 7 Heintzelman, G. A. 2 Henderson, C. 4 Hofman, D. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland  4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  5: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  6: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA  7: National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps600; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: INSTRUMENT industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423490 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-1700-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415383&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arsene, I.
AU  - Bearden, I.G.
AU  - Beavis, D.
AU  - Besliu, C.
AU  - Budick, B.
AU  - Bøggild, H.
AU  - Chasman, C.
AU  - Christensen, C.H.
AU  - Christiansen, P.
AU  - Cibor, J.
AU  - Debbe, R.
AU  - Enger, E.
AU  - Gaardhøje, J.J.
AU  - Germinario, M.
AU  - Hagel, K.
AU  - Hansen, O.
AU  - Holm, A.
AU  - Ito, H.
AU  - Jipa, A.
AU  - Jundt, F.
T1  - High pT results for Au+Au collisions at ... GeV.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s603
EP  - s605
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - We present transverse momentum spectra of unidentified charged hadrons at two pseudorapidities (η = 0, 2.2) as well as the first results on identified negatively charged pions at rapidity 2.2 from Au+Au collisions at &√sNN = 200 GeV. The high pT yields of charged hadrons in the most central collisions show a strong suppression when compared to expected binary-scaled yields from nucleon-nucleon collisions or semi-peripheral collisions. The &pai;- spectra at forward rapidity (y = 2.2) also indicate a clear suppression of high pT &pai;- yields in central collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ANYONS
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15415365; Arsene, I. 1 Bearden, I.G. 2 Beavis, D. 3 Besliu, C. 1 Budick, B. 4 Bøggild, H. 2 Chasman, C. 3 Christensen, C.H. 2 Christiansen, P. 2 Cibor, J. 5 Debbe, R. 3 Enger, E. 6 Gaardhøje, J.J. 2 Germinario, M. 2 Hagel, K. 7 Hansen, O. 2 Holm, A. 2 Ito, H. 3,8 Jipa, A. 1 Jundt, F. 9; Affiliation:  1: University of Bucharest, Romania  2: Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  4: New York University, New York 10003, USA  5: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland  6: University of Oslo, Department of Physics, Oslo, Norway  7: Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 17843, USA  8: University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA  9: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques and Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps603; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ANYONS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-1701-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415365&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Baker, M.D.
AU  - Ballintijn, M.
AU  - Barton, D.S.
AU  - Becker, B.
AU  - Betts, R.R.
AU  - Bickley, A.A.
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Busza, W.
AU  - Carroll, A.
AU  - Decowski, M.P.
AU  - García, E.
AU  - Gburek, T.
AU  - George, N.
AU  - Gulbrandsen, K.
AU  - Gushue, S.
AU  - Halliwell, C.
AU  - Hamblen, J.
AU  - Harrington, A.S.
AU  - Henderson, C.
T1  - Evidence of final-state suppression of high-p... hadrons in Au + Au collisions using d + Au measurements at RHIC.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s606
EP  - s608
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Transverse momentum spectra of charged hadrons with pT < 6 GeV/c have been measured near mid-rapidity (0.2 < η< 1.4) by the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC in Au + Au and d + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV. The spectra for different collision centralities are compared to p+ &bmacr;p collisions at the same energy. The resulting nuclear modification factor for central Au + Au collisions shows evidence of strong suppression of charged hadrons in the high-pT region (> 2 GeV/c). In contrast, the d + Au nuclear modification factor exhibits no suppression of the high-pT yields. These measurements suggest a large energy loss of the high-pT particles in the highly interacting medium created in the central Au + Au collisions. The lack of suppression in d + Au collisions suggests that it is unlikely that initial state effects can explain the suppression in the central Au + Au collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15415384; Back, B.B. 1 Baker, M.D. 2 Ballintijn, M. 3 Barton, D.S. 2 Becker, B. 2 Betts, R.R. 4 Bickley, A.A. 5 Bindel, R. 5 Busza, W. 6 Carroll, A. 2 Decowski, M.P. 6 García, E. 4 Gburek, T. 3 George, N. 2 Gulbrandsen, K. 6 Gushue, S. 2 Halliwell, C. 4 Hamblen, J. 7 Harrington, A.S. 7 Henderson, C. 6; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  4: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland  5: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  6: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA  7: National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps606; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-1702-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415384&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nevski, Pavel
T1  - Heavy ion collisions with the ATLAS detector.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s612
EP  - s614
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The ATLAS detector is designed to study high-pT physics in proton-proton collisions at the LHC design luminosity. The detector capabilities for heavy-ion physics are now being evaluated. This paper reports on a preliminary assessment of the baseline ATLAS detector potential for heavy-ion physics. The ATLAS sensitivity to some of the expected signatures from the quark-gluon plasma (e.g. jet quenching, Υ suppression) is discussed. PACS: 25.70.Ef – 21.60.Gx [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 15415377; Nevski, Pavel 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11793,; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps612; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-1703-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415377&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arsene, I.
AU  - Bearden, I.G.
AU  - Beavis, D.
AU  - Besliu, C.
AU  - Budick, B.
AU  - Bøggild, H.
AU  - Chasman, C.
AU  - Christensen, C.H.
AU  - Christiansen, P.
AU  - Cibor, J.
AU  - Debbe, R.
AU  - Enger, E.
AU  - Gaardhøje, J.J.
AU  - Germinario, M.
AU  - Hagel, K.
AU  - Hansen, O.
AU  - Holm, A.
AU  - Ito, H.
AU  - Jipa, A.
AU  - Jundt, F.
T1  - Strangeness production in ... GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s624
EP  - s626
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The BRAHMS collaboration has measured identified particle spectra from Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV. Rapidity densities are deduced from fits to the pion and kaon spectra. dN/dy is plotted as a function of rapidity and 4&pai; yields and ratios are calculated. The signed K/&pai; ratios are compared to values obtained at lower energies. We find that K-/&pai;- increases monotonically from the AGS and SPS regimes, while K+/&pai;+ is similar to what was found at the highest √sNN at SPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - BETHE-Salpeter equation
N1  - Accession Number: 15415380; Arsene, I. 1 Bearden, I.G. 2 Beavis, D. 3 Besliu, C. 1 Budick, B. 4 Bøggild, H. 2 Chasman, C. 3 Christensen, C.H. 2 Christiansen, P. 2 Cibor, J. 5 Debbe, R. 3 Enger, E. 6 Gaardhøje, J.J. 2 Germinario, M. 2 Hagel, K. 7 Hansen, O. 2 Holm, A. 2 Ito, H. 2,8 Jipa, A. 1 Jundt, F. 9; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway  2: Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 17843, USA  3: University of Bucharest, Romania  4: Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  6: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, USA  7: University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA  8: Smoluchkowski Inst. of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland  9: Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps624; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: BETHE-Salpeter equation; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-1706-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415380&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poon, A.W.
T1  - Recent results from the sudbury neutrino observatory.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s823
EP  - s825
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) measures both the flux of the electron-type neutrinos and the total flux of all active flavours of neutrinos originating from the Sun. A model-independent test of neutrino flavour transformation was performed by comparing these two measurements. In 2002, this flavour transformation was definitively demonstrated. In this talk, results from these measurements and the current status of the SNO detector are presented. PACS: 26.65.+t Solar neutrinos – 14.60.Pq Neutrino mass and mixing – 95.85.Ry Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particles; cosmic rays [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SPACE environment
N1  - Accession Number: 15415473; Poon, A.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps823; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SPACE environment; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2003-03-908-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415473&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vacavant, Laurent
T1  - Search for extra dimensions at LHC.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/03/02/Mar2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - s924
EP  - s926
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Some of the studies performed by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations to establish the future sensitivity of the experiments to extra dimension signals are reviewed. The discrimination of those signals from other new physics signals and the extraction of the underlying parameters of the extra dimension models are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - SIGNALS & signaling
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 15415574; Vacavant, Laurent 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physics Division, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 33, ps924; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: SIGNALS & signaling; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: RESONANCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2003-03-1107-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415574&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenguang Li, Arijit
AU  - Hsing-Lin Wang, Arijit
T1  - Oligomer-Assisted Synthesis of Chiral Polyaniline Nanofibers.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2278
EP  - 2279
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article reports a novel approach to synthesize chiral polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers in an aqueous solution. This new approach requires the following conditions: Polymerization was carried out in concentrated camphor sulfonic acid solutions; Aniline oligomers were used to accelerate the polymerization reaction. Ammonium persulfate was added incrementally to the aniline solution. An optimized procedure for the synthesis of chiral, nanostructured PANI carried out at 25 °C leads to the formation of a dark-green viscous suspension in 2h after all of the ammonium persulfate was added.
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ANILINE
KW  - AROMATIC amines
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12926803; Wenguang Li, Arijit 1 Hsing-Lin Wang, Arijit 1; Email Address: hwang@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: MSJ-586, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 3/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 8, p2278; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ANILINE; Subject Term: AROMATIC amines; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12926803&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hay, Daniel N. T.
AU  - Rickert, Paul G.
AU  - Seifert, Sönke
AU  - Firestone, Millicent A.
T1  - Thermoresponsive Nanostructures by Self-Assembly of a PoIy(N-isopropylacrylamide) -- Lipid Conjugate.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2290
EP  - 2291
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article, describes the synthesis of poly-Nisopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM), a polymer well-known to undergo dramatic, temperature-induced changes in chain conformation, terminally grafted to a phospholipid headgroup and present initial results suggesting that this material will prove useful in creating a new family of complex fluids, one with greater temperature-dependent tunability. Amphiphilic PNIPAM was prepared in a two-step procedure. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, was used to prepare the active ester of the carboxy-terminated PNIPAM, 1, using N-hydroxsuccinimide.
KW  - ACRYLAMIDE
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPIDS
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
KW  - COMPLEX fluids
KW  - SUCCINIMIDES
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
N1  - Accession Number: 12926809; Hay, Daniel N. T. 1 Rickert, Paul G. 2 Seifert, Sönke 3 Firestone, Millicent A. 1; Email Address: firestone@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  3: Advanced Photon Source Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 3/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 8, p2290; Subject Term: ACRYLAMIDE; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPIDS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Subject Term: COMPLEX fluids; Subject Term: SUCCINIMIDES; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhi-Li Xiao, Karl A.
AU  - Han, Catherine Y.
AU  - Wai-Kwong Kwok, Catherine Y.
AU  - Hsien-Hau Wang
AU  - Ulrich Weip, Catherine Y.
AU  - Jian Wang
AU  - Crabtree, George W.
T1  - Tuning the Architecture of Mesostructures by Electrodeposition.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2316
EP  - 2317
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Mesostructures depend on their architectures, including geometry, morphology and hierarchical structures, and can be fine-tuned by controlling these parameters. The article show that electrodeposition can provide versatility in tailoring the architectures of mesostructures. Novel lead mesostructures ranging from nanowires with cylindrical and square cross sections to mesopartides with triangular, hexagonal, octahedral, decahedral, and icosahedral shapes and complicated structures such as multipods, porous nanowires, nanobrushes, and snowflakes were synthesized through systematically exploring electrodeposition parameters.
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - LEAD
KW  - SNOWFLAKES
KW  - POROUS materials
N1  - Accession Number: 12926822; Zhi-Li Xiao, Karl A. 1; Email Address: xiao@anl.gov Han, Catherine Y. 1 Wai-Kwong Kwok, Catherine Y. 1 Hsien-Hau Wang 1 Ulrich Weip, Catherine Y. 1 Jian Wang 1 Crabtree, George W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 3/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 8, p2316; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: SNOWFLAKES; Subject Term: POROUS materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nedeljković, Jovan M.
AU  - Mićić, Olga I.
AU  - Ahrerikiel, S. Phillip
AU  - Miedaner, Alex
AU  - Nozik, Arthur J.
T1  - Growth of lnP Nanostructures via Reaction of Indium Droplets with Phosphide Ions: Synthesis of InP Quantum Rods and InP -- TiO2 Composites.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2632
EP  - 2639
SN  - 00027863
AB  - InP quantum rods were synthesized via the reaction of monodispersed colloidal indium droplets with phosphide ions. In0 droplets, which do not act as a catalyst but rather a reactant, are completely consumed. The excess electrons that are produced in this reaction are most likely transferred to an oxide layer at the indium surface. For the synthesis of InP quantum rods with a narrow size distribution, a narrow size distribution of In0 particles is also required because each indium droplet serves as a template to strictly limit the lateral growth of individual InP nanocrystals. Free-standing quantum rods, 60, 120, or 150 Å in diameter, with aspect ratios of 1.6-3.5, and without the residual metallic catalyst at the rod tip, were synthesized from the diluted transparent solution of metallic indium particles. The same approach was used to synthesize InAs quantum rods. A photoactive InP-TiO2 composite was also prepared by the same chemical procedure; InP nanocrystals grow as well-defined spherical or slightly elongated shapes on the TiO2 surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - INDIUM
KW  - PHOSPHIDES
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - TITANIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 12926865; Nedeljković, Jovan M. 1 Mićić, Olga I. 1; Email Address: olga_micic@nrel.gov Ahrerikiel, S. Phillip 1 Miedaner, Alex 1 Nozik, Arthur J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 3/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 8, p2632; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: INDIUM; Subject Term: PHOSPHIDES; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: TITANIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, Susan M.
AU  - Brenneman, Mark A.
AU  - Halbrook, James
AU  - Nickoloff, Jac A.
AU  - Ullrich, Robert L.
AU  - Goodwin, Edwin H.
T1  - The kinase activity of DNA-PK is required to protect mammalian telomeres
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2004/03/04/
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 15687864
AB  - The kinase activity of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is required for efficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). DNA-PK also participates in protection of mammalian telomeres, the natural ends of chromosomes. Here we investigate whether the kinase activity of DNA-PK is similarly required for effective telomere protection. DNA-PK proficient mouse cells were exposed to a highly specific inhibitor of DNA-PK phosphorylation designated IC86621. Chromosomal end-to-end fusions were induced in a concentration-dependent manner, demonstrating that the telomere end-protection role of DNA-PK requires its kinase activity. These fusions were uniformly chromatid-type, consistent with a role for DNA-PK in capping telomeres after DNA replication. Additionally, fusions involved exclusively telomeres produced via leading-strand DNA synthesis. Unexpectedly, the rate of telomeric fusions induced by IC86621 exceeded that which occurs spontaneously in DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) mutant cells by up to 110-fold. One explanation, that IC86621 might inhibit other, as yet unknown proteins, was ruled out when the drug failed to induce fusions in DNA-PKcs knock-out mouse cells. IC86621 did not induce fusions in Ku70 knock-out cells suggesting the drug requires the holoenzyme to be effective. ATM also is required for effective chromosome end protection. IC86621 increased fusions in ATM knock-out cells suggesting DNA-PK and ATM act in different telomere pathways. These results indicate that the kinase activity of DNA-PK is crucial to reestablishing a protective terminal structure, specifically on telomeres replicated by leading-strand DNA synthesis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - DNA
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)
KW  - 5′-bromo-2′-deoxycytidine (BrdU)
KW  - 5′-bromo-2′-deoxycytodine (BrdC)
KW  - Cancer
KW  - chromosome-orientation fluorescence in situ hybridization (CO-FISH)
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK)
KW  - DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs)
KW  - DNA-PKcs
KW  - double-strand break (DSB)
KW  - Double-strand breaks
KW  - fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
KW  - homologous recombination (HR)
KW  - Mammalian telomeres
KW  - non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)
KW  - severe combined immuno-deficiency (scid)
KW  - telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2)
N1  - Accession Number: 12106412; Bailey, Susan M. 1,2 Brenneman, Mark A. 3 Halbrook, James 4 Nickoloff, Jac A. 3 Ullrich, Robert L. 1 Goodwin, Edwin H. 2; Email Address: egoodwin@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA  2: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  4: ICOS Corporation, Bothell, WA 98021, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, p225; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI); Author-Supplied Keyword: 5′-bromo-2′-deoxycytidine (BrdU); Author-Supplied Keyword: 5′-bromo-2′-deoxycytodine (BrdC); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromosome-orientation fluorescence in situ hybridization (CO-FISH); Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK); Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs); Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-PKcs; Author-Supplied Keyword: double-strand break (DSB); Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-strand breaks; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); Author-Supplied Keyword: homologous recombination (HR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Mammalian telomeres; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-homologous end joining (NHEJ); Author-Supplied Keyword: severe combined immuno-deficiency (scid); Author-Supplied Keyword: telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2003.10.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, Ruiqiong
AU  - Goodarzi, Aaron A.
AU  - Kurz, Ebba U.
AU  - Saito, Shin’ichi
AU  - Higashimoto, Yuichiro
AU  - Lavin, Martin F.
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
AU  - Lees-Miller, Susan P.
T1  - The isoflavonoids genistein and quercetin activate different stress signaling pathways as shown by analysis of site-specific phosphorylation of ATM, p53 and histone H2AX
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2004/03/04/
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
SN  - 15687864
AB  - The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase is activated in response to ionizing radiation (IR) and activates downstream DNA-damage signaling pathways. Although the role of ATM in the cellular response to ionizing radiation has been well characterized, its role in response to other DNA-damaging agents is less well defined. We previously showed that genistein, a naturally occurring isoflavonoid, induced increased ATM protein kinase activity, ATM-dependent phosphorylation of p53 on serine 15 and activation of the DNA-binding properties of p53. Here, we show that genistein also induces phosphorylation of p53 at serines 6, 9, 20, 46, and 392, and that genistein-induced accumulation and phosphorylation of p53 is reduced in two ATM-deficient human cell lines. Also, we show that genistein induces phosphorylation of ATM on serine 1981 and phosphorylation of histone H2AX on serine 139. The related bioflavonoids, daidzein and biochanin A, did not induce either phosphorylation of p53 or ATM at these sites. Like genistein, quercetin induced phosphorylation of ATM on serine 1981, and ATM-dependent phosphorylation of histone H2AX on serine 139; however, p53 accumulation and phosphorylation on serines 6, 9, 15, 20, 46, and 392 occurred in ATM-deficient cells, indicating that ATM is not required for quercetin-induced phosphorylation of p53. Our data suggest that genistein and quercetin induce different DNA-damage induced signaling pathways that, in the case of genistein, are highly ATM-dependent but, in the case of quercetin, may be ATM-dependent only for some downstream targets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATAXIA telangiectasia
KW  - IMMUNOLOGICAL deficiency syndromes
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - ataxia telangiectasia (A-T)
KW  - ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)
KW  - bovine serum albumin (BSA)
KW  - dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)
KW  - DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK)
KW  - double-strand break (DSB)
KW  - Genistein
KW  - ionizing radiation (IR)
KW  - Isoflavonoid
KW  - neocarzinostatin (NCS)
KW  - p53
KW  - phosphate buffered saline (PBS)
KW  - phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase-like protein kinase (PIKK)
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)
KW  - Quercetin
KW  - sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)
KW  - topoisomerase I (topo I)
KW  - topoisomerase II (topo II)
KW  - ultraviolet radiation (UV)
N1  - Accession Number: 12106413; Ye, Ruiqiong 1 Goodarzi, Aaron A. 1 Kurz, Ebba U. 1 Saito, Shin’ichi 2 Higashimoto, Yuichiro 2 Lavin, Martin F. 3 Appella, Ettore 2 Anderson, Carl W. 4 Lees-Miller, Susan P. 1; Email Address: leesmill@ucalgary.ca; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, N.W., Calgary, Alta., Canada T2N 4N1  2: Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA  3: Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Brisbane 4029, Qld., Australia  4: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, p235; Subject Term: ATAXIA telangiectasia; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGICAL deficiency syndromes; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: ataxia telangiectasia (A-T); Author-Supplied Keyword: ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM); Author-Supplied Keyword: bovine serum albumin (BSA); Author-Supplied Keyword: dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO); Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK); Author-Supplied Keyword: double-strand break (DSB); Author-Supplied Keyword: Genistein; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionizing radiation (IR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Isoflavonoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: neocarzinostatin (NCS); Author-Supplied Keyword: p53; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphate buffered saline (PBS); Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase-like protein kinase (PIKK); Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphorylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercetin; Author-Supplied Keyword: sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS); Author-Supplied Keyword: topoisomerase I (topo I); Author-Supplied Keyword: topoisomerase II (topo II); Author-Supplied Keyword: ultraviolet radiation (UV); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2003.10.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tyson, Gene W.
AU  - Chapman, Jarrod
AU  - Hugenholtz, Philip
AU  - Allen, Eric E.
AU  - Ram, Rachna J.
AU  - Richardson, Paul M.
AU  - Solovyev, Victor V.
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel S.
AU  - Banfield, Jillian F.
T1  - Community structure and metabolism through reconstruction of microbial genomes from the environment.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/03/04/
VL  - 428
IS  - 6978
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 43
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Microbial communities are vital in the functioning of all ecosystems; however, most microorganisms are uncultivated, and their roles in natural systems are unclear. Here, using random shotgun sequencing of DNA from a natural acidophilic biofilm, we report reconstruction of near-complete genomes of Leptospirillum group II and Ferroplasma type II, and partial recovery of three other genomes. This was possible because the biofilm was dominated by a small number of species populations and the frequency of genomic rearrangements and gene insertions or deletions was relatively low. Because each sequence read came from a different individual, we could determine that single-nucleotide polymorphisms are the predominant form of heterogeneity at the strain level. The Leptospirillum group II genome had remarkably few nucleotide polymorphisms, despite the existence of low-abundance variants. The Ferroplasma type II genome seems to be a composite from three ancestral strains that have undergone homologous recombination to form a large population of mosaic genomes. Analysis of the gene complement for each organism revealed the pathways for carbon and nitrogen fixation and energy generation, and provided insights into survival strategies in an extreme environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - BIOFILMS
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 12430328; Tyson, Gene W. 1 Chapman, Jarrod 2 Hugenholtz, Philip 1 Allen, Eric E. 1 Ram, Rachna J. 1 Richardson, Paul M. 3 Solovyev, Victor V. 3 Rubin, Edward M. 3 Rokhsar, Daniel S. 2 Banfield, Jillian F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: [1] Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA  3: Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA  4: [1] Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 3/4/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6978, p37; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: BIOFILMS; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02340
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eskola, K.J.
AU  - Kolhinen, V.J.
AU  - Vogt, R.
T1  - Enhancement of charm quark production due to nonlinear corrections to the DGLAP equations
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/03/04/
VL  - 582
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We have studied how parton distributions based on the inclusion of nonlinear scale evolution and constraints from HERA data affect charm production in <f>pp</f> collisions at center-of-mass energies of 5.5, 8.8 and 14 TeV. We find that, while the resulting enhancement can be substantial, it is very sensitive to the charm quark mass and the scale entering the parton densities and the strong coupling constant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - CENTER of mass
N1  - Accession Number: 12170626; Eskola, K.J. 1,2; Email Address: kari.eskola@phys.jyu.fi Kolhinen, V.J. 1; Email Address: vesa.kolhinen@phys.jyu.fi Vogt, R. 1,3,4; Email Address: vogt@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland  2: Helsinki Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Physics Department, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 582 Issue 3/4, p157; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: CENTER of mass; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.077
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garimella, Rao V.
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail J.
AU  - Knupp, Patrick M.
T1  - Triangular and quadrilateral surface mesh quality optimization using local parametrization
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/03/05/
VL  - 193
IS  - 9-11
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
SN  - 00457825
AB  - A procedure is presented to improve the quality of surface meshes while maintaining the essential characteristics of the discrete surface. The surface characteristics are preserved by repositioning mesh vertices in a series of element-based local parametric spaces such that the vertices remain on the original discrete surface. The movement of the mesh vertices is driven by a non-linear numerical optimization process. Two optimization approaches are described, one which improves the quality of elements as much as possible and the other which improves element quality but also keeps the new mesh as close as possible to the original mesh. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESHFREE methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - JACOBIAN matrices
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - Element quality
KW  - Jacobian condition number
KW  - Numerical optimization
KW  - Quadrilaterals
KW  - Reference Jacobian matrices
KW  - Triangles
KW  - Unstructured surface mesh
N1  - Accession Number: 12236557; Garimella, Rao V. 1; Email Address: rao@lanl.gov Shashkov, Mikhail J. 1; Email Address: shashkov@lanl.gov Knupp, Patrick M. 2; Email Address: pknupp@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: MS B284, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: MS 0847, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 193 Issue 9-11, p913; Subject Term: MESHFREE methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: JACOBIAN matrices; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Element quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jacobian condition number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadrilaterals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reference Jacobian matrices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triangles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unstructured surface mesh; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.08.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Influence of a buffered solution on the adsorption isotherm and overloaded band profiles of an ionizable compound
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/03/05/
VL  - 1028
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The overloaded band profiles and the adsorption isotherms of propranolol were acquired at 23 <F>°</F>C, on the endcapped <F>C18</F>-Kromasil stationary phase, using two aqueous solutions of methanol as the mobile phase. The first solution contained 40% methanol and no buffer. The second contained an aqueous acetate buffer at <F>Cbuffer=0.20</F> M and <F>pH=5.9</F>. In both cases, 33 isotherm data points were acquired by frontal analysis (FA), to achieve an accurate description of the isotherms in the concentration range between <F>1.54×10−3</F> and <F>1.54×10−1</F> mol/l of propranolol. The isotherms obtained were best described by a bi-Langmuir and a bi-Moreau isotherm model, depending on whether the mobile phase was buffered or not. This shows that the adsorption of propranolol takes place on two different types of sites, a behavior similar to the one already observed with phenol and caffeine on the same column. The presence of the buffer in the mobile phase drastically changes the adsorption mechanism of propranolol. Weak adsorbate–adsorbate interactions (two and three times <F>RT</F> on the low- and the high-energy sites, respectively) take place in the absence of buffer but vanish when the mobile phase is buffered. As expected, the adsorption constants on the abundant low-energy sites with or without buffer are comparable because the mobile phase composition was adjusted to give similar retention times in the two cases. On the other hand, the adsorption of propranolol on the high-energy sites is stronger in presence of the buffer. The difference probably comes from ion-pair formation in the adsorbed phase between the propranolol cation and the acetate anion. The change in total saturation capacity of the adsorbent (22%) compared to that for phenol is explained by the difference in methanol content of the mobile phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Buffer solutions
KW  - Acetates
KW  - Adsorption energy distribution
KW  - Adsorption equilibrium
KW  - Competitive isotherm
KW  - Ethylbenzene
KW  - Extended BET isotherm
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Isotherm modeling
KW  - Toluene
N1  - Accession Number: 12041375; Gritti, Fabrice 1; Guiochon, Georges 2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 1028 Issue 2, p197; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Methanol; Subject Term: Buffer solutions; Subject Term: Acetates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption energy distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Competitive isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethylbenzene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extended BET isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotherm modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toluene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.106
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12041375&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goedken, Eric R.
AU  - Levitus, Marcia
AU  - Johnson, Aaron
AU  - Bustamante, Carlos
AU  - O'Donnell, Mike
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Fluorescence Measurements on the E. coli DNA Polymerase Clamp Loader: Implications for Conformational Changes During ATP and Clamp Binding
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/03/05/
VL  - 336
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1047
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Sliding clamps are ring-shaped proteins that tether DNA polymerases to their templates during processive DNA replication. The action of ATP-dependent clamp loader complexes is required to open the circular clamps and to load them onto DNA. The crystal structure of the pentameric clamp loader complex from Escherichia coli (the γ complex), determined in the absence of nucleotides, revealed a highly asymmetric and extended form of the clamp loader. Consideration of this structure suggested that a compact and more symmetrical inactive form may predominate in solution in the absence of crystal packing forces. This model has the N-terminal domains of the δ and δ′ subunits of the clamp loader close to each other in the inactive state, with the clamp loader opening in a crab-claw-like fashion upon ATP-binding. We have used fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to investigate the structural changes in the E. coli clamp loader complex that result from ATP-binding and interactions between the clamp loader and the β clamp. FRET measurements using fluorophores placed in the N-terminal domains of the δ and δ′ subunits indicate that the distances between these subunits in solution are consistent with the previously crystallized extended form of the clamp loader. Furthermore, the addition of nucleotide and clamp to the labeled clamp loader does not appreciably alter these FRET distances. Our results suggest that the changes that occur in the relative positioning of the δ and δ′ subunits when ATP binds to and activates the complex are subtle, and that crab-claw-like movements are not a significant component of the clamp loader mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - ATPase
KW  - clamp loader
KW  - DNA polymerase
KW  - FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer
KW  - sliding clamp
KW  - TMR, tetramethylrhodamine
N1  - Accession Number: 12238639; Goedken, Eric R. 1,2 Levitus, Marcia 3 Johnson, Aaron 4 Bustamante, Carlos 3 O'Donnell, Mike 4 Kuriyan, John 1,2; Email Address: kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Physics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 336 Issue 5, p1047; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATPase; Author-Supplied Keyword: clamp loader; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA polymerase; Author-Supplied Keyword: FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: sliding clamp; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMR, tetramethylrhodamine; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.074
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12238639&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pohl, Radek
AU  - Montes, Victor A.
AU  - Shinar, Joseph
AU  - Anzenbacher Jr., Pavel
T1  - Red-Green-Blue Emission from Tris(5-aryl-8-quinolinolae)Al(III) Complexes.
JO  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/05/
VL  - 69
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1723
EP  - 1725
SN  - 00223263
AB  - A simple yet effective strategy for synthesis of 5-aryl-8-quinolinolate-based electroluminophores with tunable emission wavelengths is presented. Two different pathways for the attachment of electron-donating or electronwithdrawing aryl groups to the 5-position of the quinolinolate ligand via Suzuki coupling were developed. A successful tuning in the emission color was achieved: the emission wavelength was found to correlate with the Hammett constant of the respective substituents, providing a powerful strategy for prediction of the optical properties of new electroluminophores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes
KW  - NITROAROMATIC compounds
KW  - PHENOXY groups
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - ORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12732706; Pohl, Radek 1 Montes, Victor A. 1 Shinar, Joseph 2 Anzenbacher Jr., Pavel 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University  2: Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Physics, Iowa State University; Source Info: 3/5/2004, Vol. 69 Issue 5, p1723; Subject Term: ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes; Subject Term: NITROAROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: PHENOXY groups; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: ORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhutani, N.
AU  - Lauffer, J.P.
AU  - Gilbert-O'Neil, R.
T1  - Dynamic characteristics of artillery shells
JO  - Journal of Sound & Vibration
JF  - Journal of Sound & Vibration
Y1  - 2004/03/05/
VL  - 270
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1069
SN  - 0022460X
N1  - Accession Number: 12173397; Bhutani, N.; Email Address: nbhutan@sandia.gov Lauffer, J.P. 1 Gilbert-O'Neil, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9042, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 270 Issue 4/5, p1069; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-460X(03)00624-2
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12173397&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
AU  - Yang, N.
AU  - Gall, Ken
AU  - McDowell, D.L.
AU  - Fan, J.
AU  - Gullett, P.M.
T1  - High cycle fatigue of a die cast AZ91E-T4 magnesium alloy
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 52
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1327
SN  - 13596454
AB  - This study reveals the micro-mechanisms of fatigue crack nucleation and growth in a commercial high-pressure die cast automotive AZ91E-T4 Mg component. Mechanical fatigue tests were conducted under <f>R=−1</f> conditions on specimens machined at different locations in the casting at total strain amplitudes ranging from 0.02% to 0.5%. Fracture surfaces of specimens that failed in the high cycle fatigue regime with lives spanning two orders of magnitude were examined using a scanning electron microscope. The difference in lives for the Mg specimens was primarily attributed to a drastic difference in nucleation site sizes, which ranged from several hundred μm’s to several mm’s. A secondary effect may include the influence of average secondary dendrite arm spacing and average grain size. At low crack tip driving forces (<f>Kmax<3.5</f> MPa <f>√ of <RCD><rm>m</rm></RCD></rad></f>) intact particles and boundaries act as barriers to fatigue crack propagation, and consequently the cracks tended to avoid the interdendritic regions and progress through the cells, leaving a fine striated pattern in this single-phase region. At high driving forces (<f>K<rm>max</rm>>3.5</f> MPa<hsp sp="0.12"><f><rad><RCD><rm>m</rm></RCD></f>) intact particles and boundaries act as barriers to fatigue crack propagation, and consequently the cracks tended to avoid the interdendritic regions and progress through the cells, leaving a fine striated pattern in this single-phase region. At high driving forces (<f>Kmax>3.5</f> MPa <f>√ of <RCD><rm>m</rm></RCD></f>) fractured particles and boundary decohesion created weak paths for fatigue crack propagation, and consequently the cracks followed the interdendritic regions, leaving serrated markings as the crack progressed through this heterogeneous region. The ramifications of the results on future modeling efforts are discussed in detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - DIE castings
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - Crack Propagation
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Magnesium
KW  - Micromechanisms
KW  - Porosity
N1  - Accession Number: 12307315; Horstemeyer, M.F. 1; Email Address: mfhorst@me.msstate.edu Yang, N. 2 Gall, Ken 3 McDowell, D.L. 4 Fan, J. 5 Gullett, P.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, 206 Carpenter Bldg, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA  2: Center for Materials and Engineering Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA  4: George Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  5: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, NY, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 52 Issue 5, p1327; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: DIE castings; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack Propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micromechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.11.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12307315&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregg, Brian A.
AU  - Chen, Si-Guang
AU  - Branz, Howard M.
T1  - On the superlinear increase in conductivity with dopant concentration in excitonic semiconductors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 84
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1707
EP  - 1709
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We show that the same factors that cause exciton formation in organic (excitonic) semiconductors, the low dielectric constant and the localized wave functions of the charge carriers, also control their doping processes. We compare doping in organic and inorganic semiconductors and show that the superlinear increase in conductivity with doping density should be a universal characteristic of excitonic semiconductors. The binding energy of the dopant electron to its conjugate cation in highly ordered perylene diimide films controls the free carrier density. The binding energy decreases with increasing dopant concentration because the neutral dopants increase the polarizability of the film. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - POLARIZABILITY (Electricity)
KW  - WAVE functions
N1  - Accession Number: 12405714; Gregg, Brian A. 1; Email Address: brian_gregg@nrel.gov Chen, Si-Guang 1 Branz, Howard M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 3/8/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1707; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: BINDING energy; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: POLARIZABILITY (Electricity); Subject Term: WAVE functions; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1668326
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eres, Gyula
AU  - Puretzky, A. A.
AU  - Geohegan, D. B.
AU  - Cui, H.
T1  - In situ control of the catalyst efficiency in chemical vapor deposition of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on predeposited metal catalyst films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 84
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1759
EP  - 1761
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Premature termination of growth, presumably because of catalyst deactivation, is an undesirable side effect of chemical vapor deposition of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on predeposited metal catalyst films. The addition of ferrocene, an effective precursor for in situ Fe formation, was found to enhance carbon nanotube growth rates and extend growth to 3.25 mm thick carbon nanotube films. Ferrocene was introduced into the gas stream by thermal evaporation concurrently with acetylene using a specially constructed source. The key factor facilitating the growth of thick carbon nanotube films was the independent and precise control of the ferrocene amount in the feedstock. The carbon nanotube films were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The temperature dependence of the carbon nanotube growth with ferrocene exhibits a steep drop at high substrate temperatures and a loss of vertical alignment at 900 °C. The negative temperature coefficient of the growth rate suggests that the reaction mechanism of vertically aligned carbon nanotube growth is governed by a heterogeneous intermediate step. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - FERROCENE
KW  - METAL catalysts
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12405696; Eres, Gyula 1; Email Address: eresg@ornl.gov Puretzky, A. A. 1 Geohegan, D. B. 1 Cui, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 3/8/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1759; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: FERROCENE; Subject Term: METAL catalysts; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1668325
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harms, Greg
AU  - Orr, Galya
AU  - Lu, H. Peter
T1  - Probing ion channel conformational dynamics using simultaneous single-molecule ultrafast spectroscopy and patch-clamp electric recording.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 84
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1792
EP  - 1794
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - An approach to probing single-molecule ion channel kinetics and conformational dynamics, patch-clamp confocal fluorescence microscopy (PCCFM), uses simultaneous ultrafast fluorescence spectroscopy and single-channel electric current recording. PCCFM is applied to determine single-channel conformational dynamics by probing single-pair fluorescence resonant energy transfer, fluorescence self-quenching, and anisotropy of the dye-labeled gramicidin ion channel incorporated in an artificial lipid bilayer. Hidden conformational changes were observed, which strongly suggests that multiple intermediate conformation states are involved in gramicidin ion channel dynamics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION channels
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - BILAYER lipid membranes
KW  - GRAMICIDINS
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - FLUORESCENCE microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12405685; Harms, Greg 1 Orr, Galya 1 Lu, H. Peter 1; Email Address: peter.lu@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Division, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 3/8/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1792; Subject Term: ION channels; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: BILAYER lipid membranes; Subject Term: GRAMICIDINS; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE microscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652228
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12405685&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, Sangmin
AU  - Braiman, Yehuda
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - Torsional spring constant obtained for an atomic force microscope cantilever.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 84
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1795
EP  - 1797
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In this letter, a method to measure the torsional spring constant of a microcantilever is described. The cantilever was twisted laterally without any normal load by inducing the Lorentz force. An electrical current was applied to the cantilever in a magnetic field, and the torsional resonance frequency of the cantilever was obtained. Based on the observation that the torsional resonance frequency is the same as the second resonance peak of the thermally vibrating cantilever, the ratio of deflection spring constant to torsional spring constant is easily obtained from a simple relationship. For the cantilever used here, the torsional spring constant is 11.24 N/m, 28 times greater than the deflection spring constant. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TORSION
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12405684; Jeon, Sangmin 1 Braiman, Yehuda 1 Thundat, Thomas 2; Email Address: thundattg@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  2: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831.; Source Info: 3/8/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1795; Subject Term: TORSION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667000
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petroski, Janet
AU  - Chou, Mei H.
AU  - Creutz, Carol
T1  - Rapid Phosphine Exchange on 1.5-nm Gold Nanoparticles.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1597
EP  - 1599
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Triphenylphosphine-cappped, 1.5-nm gold nanoparticles "Au101(PPh3)21Cl5" prepared following Hutchison's procedure (Weare, W. W.; Reed, S. M.; Warner, M. G.; Hutchison, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 12890) undergo rapid exchange of capping ligand phosphine with dissociated and added phosphine in dichloromethane solvent at 298 K. Remarkably, while the ¹H NMR spectrum resonances of the attached phosphine are broad, characteristic of a range of incompletely averaged environments, the 31P NMR spectrum (observable only at 213 K and below) exhibits a single, narrow resonance indicating that all of the phosphorus atoms are magnetically equivalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHINE
KW  - PHOSPHORUS compounds
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - GOLD
KW  - PRECIOUS metals
KW  - TRANSITION metals
N1  - Accession Number: 12654891; Petroski, Janet 1 Chou, Mei H. 1 Creutz, Carol 1; Email Address: ccreutz@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 3/8/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p1597; Subject Term: PHOSPHINE; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS compounds; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: PRECIOUS metals; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212220 Gold and silver ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212221 Gold Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic035304b
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldman, Nir
AU  - Saykally, R. J.
T1  - Elucidating the role of many-body forces in liquid water. I. Simulations of water clusters on the VRT(ASP-W) potential surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4777
EP  - 4789
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We test two new potentials for water, fit to vibration-rotation tunneling (VRT) data by employing diffusion quantum Monte Carlo simulations to calculate the vibrational ground-state properties of water clusters. These potentials, VRT(ASP-W)II and VRT(ASP-W)III, are fits of the highly detailed ASP-W (anisotropic site potential with Woermer dispersion) ab initio potential to (D[sub 2]O)[sub 2] microwave and far-infrared data, and along with the SAPT5s (five-site symmetry adapted perturbation theory) potentials, are the most accurate water dimer potential surfaces in the literature. The results from VRT(ASP-W)II and III are compared to those from the original ASP-W potential, the SAPT5s family of potentials, and several bulk water potentials. Only VRT(ASP-W)III and the spectroscopically “tuned” SAPT5st (with N-body induction included) accurately reproduce the vibrational ground-state structures of water clusters up to the hexamer. Finally, the importance of many-body induction and three-body dispersion are examined, and it is shown that the latter can have significant effects on water cluster properties despite its small magnitude. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - WATER
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - DISPERSION
N1  - Accession Number: 12405642; Goldman, Nir 1 Saykally, R. J. 2; Email Address: saykally@uclink4.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, L-268, Livermore, California 94551.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1416.; Source Info: 3/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 10, p4777; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 15 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1645777
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hagan, Michael F.
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup K.
T1  - Hybridization dynamics of surface immobilized DNA.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4958
EP  - 4968
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We model the hybridization kinetics of surface attached DNA oligomers with solubilized targets. Using both master equation and rate equation formalisms, we show that, for surface coverages at which the surface immobilized molecules interact, barriers to penetration create a distribution of target molecule concentrations within the adsorbed layer. By approximately enumerating probe and target conformations, we estimate the probability of overlap between complementary probe and target regions as a function of probe density and chain length. In agreement with experiments, we find that as probe molecules interact more strongly, fewer nucleation sites become accessible and binding rates are diminished relative to those in solution. Nucleation sites near the grafted end of the probes are least accessible; thus targets which preferentially bind to this region show more drastic rate reductions than those that bind near the free end of the probe. The implications of these results for DNA-based biosensors are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - DNA
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - NUCLEIC acid hybridization
KW  - BIOSENSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12405622; Hagan, Michael F. 1 Chakraborty, Arup K. 2,3; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Physical Biosciences Division and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 3/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 10, p4958; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acid hybridization; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1645786
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cumings, John
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Field emission and current-voltage properties of boron nitride nanotubes
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 129
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 661
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We have measured electrical transport properties of boron nitride nanotubes using an in situ manipulation stage inside a transmission electron microscope. Stable currents were measured in a field emission geometry, but in contact the nanotubes are insulating at low bias. At high bias, the nanotubes show stable, reversible breakdown current. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD emission
KW  - BORON nitride
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - A. Boron nitride
KW  - B. Nanotubes
KW  - C. Field emission
N1  - Accession Number: 12148259; Cumings, John; Email Address: cumings@stanford.edu Zettl, A. 1; Email Address: azettl@physics.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 129 Issue 10, p661; Subject Term: FIELD emission; Subject Term: BORON nitride; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Boron nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Field emission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.11.026
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burgdörfer, Joachim
AU  - Wirtz, Ludger
AU  - Reinhold, Carlos O.
AU  - Lemell, Christoph
T1  - Multi-electron dynamics for neutralization of highly charged ions near surfaces
JO  - Vacuum
JF  - Vacuum
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 73
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
SN  - 0042207X
AB  - We present a simulation of the neutralization of highly charged ions in front of a lithium fluoride surface including the close-collision regime above the surface. The present approach employs a Monte-Carlo solution of the Liouville master equation for the joint probability density of the ionic motion and the electronic population of the projectile and the target surface. It includes single as well as double particle-hole (de)excitation processes and incorporates electron correlation effects through the conditional dynamics of population strings. For slow projectiles and normal incidence, the ionic motion depends sensitively on the interplay between image acceleration towards the surface and repulsion by an ensemble of positive hole charges in the surface (“trampoline effect”). For <f>Ne10+</f> we find that image acceleration is dominant and no collective backscattering high above the surface takes place. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vacuum is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - FLUORIDES
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - Classical Monte-Carlo simulation
KW  - Highly charged ions
KW  - Ion-surface interaction
KW  - Lithium flouride
KW  - Neutralization
N1  - Accession Number: 12234768; Burgdörfer, Joachim 1; Email Address: burg@concord.itp.tuwien.ac.at Wirtz, Ludger 1,2 Reinhold, Carlos O. 3 Lemell, Christoph 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10/136,Wien A-1040, Austria  2: Department of Material Physics, University of the Basque Country, and Donostia International Physics Center, PO. Manuel de Lardtzabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sabastian, Spain  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 73 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: FLUORIDES; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Classical Monte-Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Highly charged ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-surface interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium flouride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutralization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.vacuum.2003.12.033
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucheyev, S.O.
AU  - Williams, J.S.
AU  - Jagadish, C.
T1  - Ion-beam-defect processes in group-III nitrides and ZnO
JO  - Vacuum
JF  - Vacuum
Y1  - 2004/03/08/
VL  - 73
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 0042207X
AB  - Recently, there has been much interest in wide band-gap wurtzite semiconductors such as group-III nitrides (GaN, AlGaN, and InGaN) and ZnO. Ion-beam-defect processes are considerably more complex in these wurtzite semiconductors than in the case of both elemental and group-III–V cubic semiconductors. This brief review focuses on our recent studies of the following aspects of ion-beam-defect processes: (i) effects of implanted species and the density of collision cascades, (ii) the nature of ion-beam-produced planar defects in GaN, (iii) defect production in GaN by swift heavy ions, (iv) blistering of H-implanted GaN, (v) electrical isolation of GaN and ZnO, (vi) the effect of Al and In content on defect processes in III-nitrides, and (vii) structural damage in ZnO with an intriguing effect of the formation of an anomalous defect peak. Emphasis is given to unusual ion-beam-defect processes and to the physical mechanisms underlying them. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vacuum is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - Amorphization
KW  - Blistering
KW  - Defects
KW  - GaN
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Isolation
KW  - ZnO
N1  - Accession Number: 12234781; Kucheyev, S.O. 1; Email Address: kucheyev1@llnl.gov Williams, J.S. 2 Jagadish, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 73 Issue 1, p93; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blistering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.vacuum.2003.12.032
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, Marcus G.
AU  - Thompson, Aidan P.
T1  - Industrial property prediction using Towhee and LAMMPS
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2004/03/10/
VL  - 217
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 03783812
AB  - Results are presented for Part 2 (density) and Part 3 (viscosity) of the First Industrial Fluid Properties Simulation Challenge (FIFPSC). In both cases, the physical properties were calculated using existing published force fields not specifically tuned to the problem at hand. No assessment of the accuracy of our predictions was made until the experimental values for each problem set were announced at the end of the competition.Liquid densities were computed for the Part 2 problem set using the Towhee Monte Carlo molecular simulation program and the Amber96, Charmm22, Compass, and OPLS-aa force fields. No single force field was able to provide parameters for all the molecules in the problem set, but the Amber96 force field had the best results of the four tested and a reasonable coverage of the problem set.Viscosities were computed for the Part 3 problem set using the LAMMPS molecular dynamics code. The Towhee program was used to generate equilibrium starting configurations. Only one force field, OPLS-aa, was used. The predicted viscosities showed average deviation of about 35% from the experimental values. In cases where the experimental density is known, substantially better accuracy can be expected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - Density
KW  - LAMMPS
KW  - viscosity
N1  - Accession Number: 12574339; Martin, Marcus G.; Email Address: marmart@sandia.gov Thompson, Aidan P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Computational Materials and Molecular Biology, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Mail Stop 0316, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0316, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 217 Issue 1, p105; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density; Author-Supplied Keyword: LAMMPS; Author-Supplied Keyword: viscosity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fluid.2003.06.007
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ren, Tong
AU  - Parrish, Damon A.
AU  - Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
AU  - Eglin, Judith L.
AU  - Xu, Guo-Lin
AU  - Chen, Wei-Zhong
AU  - Moore, Martin H.
AU  - Schull, Terence L.
AU  - Pollack, Steven K.
AU  - Shashidhar, R.
AU  - Sattelberger, A.P.
T1  - Synthesis and structural characterization of a novel diosmium(III) compound: Os2(ap)4Cl2
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/03/10/
VL  - 357
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1313
SN  - 00201693
AB  - The reaction between Os2(OAc)4Cl2 and Hap (Hap is 2-anilinopyridine) under prolonged refluxing conditions resulted in a new Os2(III) compound, Os2(ap)4Cl2 (1). The molecular structure of 1 was determined from a single crystal X-ray diffraction study, which revealed an Os–Os bond length of 2.396[1] A˚, and a cis-(2,2) arrangement of the ap ligands. Also reported are magnetic, electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of 1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - 2-Anilinopyridinate
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Diosmium(III)
N1  - Accession Number: 12378091; Ren, Tong 1; Email Address: tren@miami.edu Parrish, Damon A. 2; Email Address: dparrish@ccs.nrl.navy.mil Deschamps, Jeffrey R. 2 Eglin, Judith L. 3 Xu, Guo-Lin 1 Chen, Wei-Zhong 1 Moore, Martin H. 2 Schull, Terence L. 2 Pollack, Steven K. 2 Shashidhar, R. 2 Sattelberger, A.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 357 Issue 4, p1313; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-Anilinopyridinate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diosmium(III); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ica.2003.09.021
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cook, B.A.
AU  - Russell, A.M.
AU  - Harringa, J.L.
AU  - Slager, A.J.
AU  - Rohe, M.T.
T1  - A new fracture-resistant binder phase for use with AlMgB14 and other ultra-hard ceramics
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/03/10/
VL  - 366
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 09258388
AB  - A new ductile binder phase alloy, Co–17 at.% Mn, has been developed for producing cermet composite cutting tools using ultra-hard AlMgB14 grit. Metallography, X-ray diffraction, tensile test, and recrystallization studies indicate that the Co–17 at.% Mn alloy has a two-phase (FCC/HCP) structure with an ultimate tensile strength of 670 MPa and 40% elongation. The recrystallization temperature is approximately 620 °C. The plane strain fracture toughness (KIC) for AlMgB14 was estimated using the Palmquist method, both with and without the Co–Mn binder phase alloy. Results show that the fracture toughness of the monolithic boride without binder ranges from 3 to 4 MPa √m, which is increased to 7–9 MPa √m upon addition of the binder. The high ductility and tensile strength of the Co–Mn solid solution alloy, combined with its excellent wettability on boron-based compounds is expected to make this binder composition compatible with other boride ceramics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COBALT alloys
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - METALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - Binder phase
KW  - Cobalt–manganese
KW  - Hard ceramics
KW  - Palmquist
KW  - Toughness
N1  - Accession Number: 12099200; Cook, B.A. 1; Email Address: cook@ameslab.gov Russell, A.M. 1,2 Harringa, J.L. 1 Slager, A.J. 2 Rohe, M.T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory of the U.S.D.O.E., Iowa State University, 253 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 366 Issue 1/2, p145; Subject Term: COBALT alloys; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: METALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Binder phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt–manganese; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palmquist; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toughness; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.07.007
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ming-Qiang Zhu, Renate
AU  - Li-Qiong Wang
AU  - Exarhos, Gregory J.
AU  - Li, Alexander D. Q.
T1  - Thermosensitive Gold Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/10/
VL  - 126
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2656
EP  - 2657
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article presents information on a study which reveals that introduction of thermosensitive polymers on to gold nanoparticles become responsive to temperature. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PPA) exhibits a low critical solution temperature (LCST) transition from 30 to 45 degree Celsius. The polymer is hydrophilic and soluble in water below the LCST, but becomes hydrophobic and forms a macroscopic coacervate phase above that temperature due to the fluctuation of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Conjugation with gold nanoparticles requires that the polymer should bear a thiol group at one terminus. Using S-benzyl dithiobenzoate as the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer, researchers prepared a PPA homopolymer terminated with thioester groups. Gold nanoparticles coated with thiol-terminated PPA show remarkable temperature sensitivity as manifested in their optical transmittance switching property at 600 nm.
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - GOLD
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - THIOLS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 12657405; Ming-Qiang Zhu, Renate 1 Li-Qiong Wang 2 Exarhos, Gregory J. 2 Li, Alexander D. Q. 1; Email Address: dequan@wsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164.  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 3/10/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 9, p2656; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: THIOLS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parker, Dinah A.
AU  - Green, Mark A.
AU  - Bramwell, Steven T.
AU  - Wilis, Andrew S.
AU  - Gardner, Jason S.
AU  - Neumann, Dan A.
T1  - Crossover from Positive to Negative Magnetoresistance in a Spinel.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/10/
VL  - 126
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2710
EP  - 2711
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article reports a highly unusual magnetotransport behavior with magnetoresistance over 80% in the spin glass-like material Zn0.95-Cu0.05Cr2Se4, which undergoes a field induced transition to a long-range ordered ferromagnet. The magnetoresistance changes sign with temperature, demonstrating a new mechanism for colossal magnetoresistance that is particularly sensitive to low magnetic fields. The divergence between the zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetization in Zn0.95-Cu0.05Cr2Se4 is suggestive of a spin glass-like state below 25 Kelvin.
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - SPINEL
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
N1  - Accession Number: 12657431; Parker, Dinah A. 1 Green, Mark A. 1; Email Address: mark@ri.ac.uk Bramwell, Steven T. 1 Wilis, Andrew S. 1 Gardner, Jason S. 2,3 Neumann, Dan A. 3; Affiliation:  1: The Royal Institution of Great Britain, 21 Albemarle Street, London WJS 4BS, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ U.K.  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  3: NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8562.; Source Info: 3/10/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 9, p2710; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: SPINEL; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ellis, William W.
AU  - Raebiger, James W.
AU  - Curtis, Calvin J.
AU  - Bruno, Joseph W.
AU  - Dubois, Daniel L.
T1  - Hydricities of BzNADH, C5H5Mo(PMe3)(CO)2H, and C5Me5Mo(PMe3)(CO)2H in Acetonitrile.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/10/
VL  - 126
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2738
EP  - 2743
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The thermodynamic hydride donor abilities of 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BzNADH, 59 ± 2 kcal/mol), C5H5Mo(Pme3)(CO)2H (55 ± 3 kcal/mol), and C5Me5Mo(Pme3)(CO)2H (58 ± 2 kcal/mol) have been measured in acetonitrile by calorimetric and/or equilibrium methods. The hydride donor abilities of BzNADH and C5H5(Pme3)(CO)2H differ by 13 and 24 kcal/mol, respectively, from those reported previously for these compounds in acetonitrile. These results require significant revisions of the hydricities reported for related NADH analogues and metal hydrides. These compounds are moderate hydride donors as compared to previously determined compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium
KW  - ACETONITRILE
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - NICOTINAMIDE
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12657439; Ellis, William W. 1 Raebiger, James W. 1 Curtis, Calvin J. 1 Bruno, Joseph W. 1 Dubois, Daniel L. 1; Email Address: ddubois@tcplink.nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 3/10/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 9, p2738; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium; Subject Term: ACETONITRILE; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: NICOTINAMIDE; Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kasili, Paul M.
AU  - Joon Myong Song
AU  - Tuan Vo-Dinh
T1  - Optical Sensor for the Detection of Caspase-9 Activity in a Single Cell.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/10/
VL  - 126
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2799
EP  - 2806
SN  - 00027863
AB  - We demonstrate for the first time, the application and utility of a unique optical sensor having a nanoprobe for monitoring the onset of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in a single living cell by detecting enzymatic activities of caspase-9. Minimally invasive analysis of single live MCF-7 cells for caspase-9 activity is demonstrated using the optical sensor which employs a modification of an immunochemical assay format for the immobilization of nonfluorescent enzyme substrate, Leucine- GlutamicAcid-Histidine-AsparticAcid-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (LEHD-AMC). LEHD-AMC covalently attached on the nanoprobe tip of an optical sensor is cleaved during apoptosis by caspase-9 generating free AMC. An evanescent field is used to excite cleaved AMC and the resulting fluorescence signal is detected. By quantitatively monitoring the changes in fluorescence signals, caspase-9 activity within a single living MCF-7 cell was detected. By comparing of the fluorescence signals from apoptotic cells induced by photodynamic treatment and nonapoptotic cells, we successfully detected caspase-9 activity, which indicates the onset of apoptosis in the cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - IMMUNOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MITOCHONDRIA
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CELL death
N1  - Accession Number: 12657446; Kasili, Paul M. 1 Joon Myong Song 1 Tuan Vo-Dinh 1; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101.; Source Info: 3/10/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 9, p2799; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: IMMUNOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIA; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CELL death; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eah, Sang-Kee
AU  - Jaeger, Heinrich M.
AU  - Scherer, Norbert F.
AU  - Lin, Xiao-Min
AU  - Wiederrecht, Gary P.
T1  - Femtosecond transient absorption dynamics of close-packed gold nanocrystal monolayer arrays
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 386
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 390
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy is used to investigate hot electron dynamics of close-packed 6 nm gold nanocrystal monolayers. Morphology changes of the monolayer caused by the laser pump pulse are monitored by transmission electron microscopy. At low pump power, the monolayer maintains its structural integrity. Hot electrons induced by the pump pulse decay through electron–phonon (e–ph) coupling inside the nanocrystals with a decay constant that is similar to the value for bulk films. At high pump power, irreversible particle aggregation and sintering occur in the nanocrystal monolayer, which cause damping and peak shifting of the transient bleach signal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GOLD
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12379665; Eah, Sang-Kee 1 Jaeger, Heinrich M. 1 Scherer, Norbert F. 1,2 Lin, Xiao-Min 3,4; Email Address: xmlin@anl.gov Wiederrecht, Gary P. 4; Affiliation:  1: The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 200, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Chemistry Division and Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 386 Issue 4-6, p390; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.01.056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nizamov
AU  - B.
AU  - Leone
AU  - S. R.
T1  - Kinetics of C2H Reactions with Hydrocarbons and Nitriles in the 104−296 K Temperature Range.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 108
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1746
EP  - 1752
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Reactions of C2H with isobutane (k1), 1-butene (k2), isobutylene (k3), 1,3-butadiene (k4), methyl cyanide (k5), ethyl cyanide (k6), and propyl cyanide (k7) are studied at low temperature using a pulsed Laval nozzle apparatus. The C2H radical is prepared by 193-nm photolysis of acetylene, and the C2H concentration is monitored using CH(A 2Δ) chemiluminescence from the C2H + O2 reaction. The rate constants at low and high temperatures are k1 = (1.3 ± 0.3) × 10-10 and (1.0 ± 0.2) × 10-10 for isobutane, k2 = (2.1 ± 0.4) × 10-10 and (2.2 ± 0.4) × 10-10 for 1-butene, k3 = (1.4 ± 0.3) × 10-10 and (1.2 ± 0.2) × 10-10 for isobutylene, and k4 = (2.9 ± 0.6) × 10-10 and (3.3 ± 0.6) × 10-10 for 1,3-butadiene at T = 104 and 296 K, respectively (in units of cm3 molecule-1 s-1). Comparison with existing data shows a trend of a decrease in activation energy with increasing size of the hydrocarbon chain. For these reactions of hydrocarbons containing four carbon atoms, the activation energy is zero within experimental uncertainty, and the rate constants do not depend on temperature in the 104−296 K temperature range. The rate constants for C2H reactions with methyl cyanide, ethyl cyanide, and propyl cyanide are measured at three temperatures, 104, 165, and 298 K. Measured rate constants are fit to an Arrhenius expression and are k5 = (1.8 ± 0.35) × 10-11 exp(−766 ± 38/T), k6 = (1.5 ± 0.3) × 10-11 exp(−145 ± 10/T), and k7 = (2.1 ± 0.4) × 10-11 exp(−51 ± 4/T) (in units of cm3 molecule-1 s-1, T is in Kelvin). At T = 296 K, k3, k5, k6, and k7 are measured as a function of total pressure and show no pressure dependence in the 0.6−8 Torr (0.08−1.07 kPa) pressure range. Results from this work are compared with the results of previous investigations of C2H reactions at low temperature and are discussed in relation to the atmospheres of Saturn and Titan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - ALKENES
N1  - Accession Number: 23146507; Nizamov B. 1 Leone S. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Physics and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 10, p1746; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: ALKENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pengjie Zhang, K. L.
T1  - The effect of cluster magnetic field on the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich power spectrum.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 348
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1348
EP  - 1354
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - Precision measurements of the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich (SZ) effect in upcoming blank sky surveys require theoretical understanding of all physical processes with ≳10 per cent effects on the SZ power spectrum. We show that the observed cluster magnetic field could reduce the SZ power spectrum by ∼20 per cent at , where the SZ power spectrum will be precisely measured by the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich array (SZA) and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). At smaller scale, this effect is larger and could reach a factor of several. Such an effect must be considered for an unbiased interpretation of the SZ data. Although the magnetic effect on the SZ power spectrum is very similar to that of radiative cooling, it is measurable by multiband cosmic microwave background polarization measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC magnetic fields
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - cosmic microwave background
KW  - cosmology: theory
KW  - galaxies: clusters: general
KW  - galaxies: magnetic fields
KW  - large-scale structure of Universe.
N1  - Accession Number: 12440498; Pengjie Zhang, K. L. 1; Email Address: zhangpj@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-050, USA.; Source Info: 3/11/2004, Vol. 348 Issue 4, p1348; Subject Term: COSMIC magnetic fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmic microwave background; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: large-scale structure of Universe.; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07460.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sumi, T.
AU  - Wu, X.
AU  - Udalski, A.
AU  - Szymański, M.
AU  - Kubiak, M.
AU  - Pietrzyński, G.
AU  - Soszyński, I.
AU  - Woźniak, P.
AU  - Żebruń, K.
AU  - Szewczyk, O.
AU  - Wyrzykowski, &Lslash;.
T1  - The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment: catalogue of stellar proper motions in the OGLE-II Galactic bulge fields.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 348
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1439
EP  - 1450
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present a proper-motion (μ) catalogue of 5 080 236 stars in 49 Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment II (OGLE-II) Galactic bulge (GB) fields, covering a range of and , the total area close to 11 deg2. The proper-motion measurements are based on 138–555 I-band images taken during four observing seasons: 1997–2000. The catalogue stars are in the magnitude range . In particular, the catalogue includes red clump giants and red giants in the GB, and main-sequence stars in the Galactic disc. The proper motions up to were measured with a mean accuracy of 0.8–3.5 mas yr−1, depending on the brightness of a star. This catalogue may be useful for studying the kinematics of stars in the GB and the Galactic disc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALACTIC bulges
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - RED giants
KW  - STARS
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - Astrometry
KW  - Galaxy: bulge
KW  - Galaxy: center
KW  - Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics
KW  - Galaxy: structure.
N1  - Accession Number: 12440501; Sumi, T. 1; Email Address: sumi@astro.princeton.edu Wu, X. 1; Email Address: xawn@astro.princeton.edu Udalski, A. 2; Email Address: udalski@astrouw.edu.pl Szymański, M. 2; Email Address: msz@astrouw.edu.pl Kubiak, M. 2; Email Address: mk@astrouw.edu.pl Pietrzyński, G. 2,3; Email Address: pietrzyn@astrouw.edu.pl Soszyński, I. 2; Email Address: soszynsk@astrouw.edu.pl Woźniak, P. 4; Email Address: wozniak@lanl.gov Żebruń, K. 2; Email Address: zebrun@astrouw.edu.pl Szewczyk, O. 2; Email Address: szewczyk@astrouw.edu.pl Wyrzykowski, &Lslash;. 2; Email Address: wyrzykow@astrouw.edu.pl; Affiliation:  1: Princeton University Observatory, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USA.  2: Warsaw University Observatory; Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland.  3: Universidad de Concepción, Departamento de Fisica, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile.  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 3/11/2004, Vol. 348 Issue 4, p1439; Subject Term: GALACTIC bulges; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: RED giants; Subject Term: STARS; Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Astrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: bulge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: center; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy: structure.; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07457.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, E.
AU  - Schnopper, H.
AU  - Austin, G.
AU  - Ingram, R.
AU  - Guth, G.
AU  - Murray, S.
AU  - Madden, N.
AU  - Landis, D.
AU  - Beeman, J.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
AU  - Stöhlker, Th .
T1  - Using a microcalorimeter to measure the Lamb shift in hydrogenic gold and uranium on cooled, decelerated ion beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A precise determination of the Lamb shift from photons emitted by highly charged, one electron ions represents one of the most sensitive tests of QED in strong electromagnetic fields. Recent progress in the production and cooling of intense beams of fully stripped Au and U in the SIS/ESR synchrotron storage ring at GSI, Darmstadt has made it possible to obtain precision spectroscopy of these ions. A fully stripped beam of either Au79+ or U92+ ions is injected, stored and cooled in the ESR and interacts with an internal gas target. The capture of an electron and the subsequent population of a 2p or 3p state will lead to a decay by either Lyman or Balmer X-ray emission. Although measurements of the 1 s Lamb shift in U with Ge ionization detectors accurate to ∼3% have provided a test of QED for the high Z domain, the experimental errors (±13 eV) are about one order of magnitude larger than the accuracy theoreticians presently claim (±1 eV). We present the results from initial broad band experiments using NTD Ge microcalorimeters to measure the 2 s Lamb Shift in Au and U at the ESR. The broad band coverage of the microcalorimeter makes it possible to reduce the systematic uncertainties in the Doppler corrections while the high-energy resolution reduces the statistical error in the absolute energy calibration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - GOLD
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - Lamb shift
KW  - Microcalorimeter
N1  - Accession Number: 12574963; Silver, E. 1; Email Address: esilver@cfa.harvard.edu Schnopper, H. 1 Austin, G. 1 Ingram, R. 1 Guth, G. 1 Murray, S. 1 Madden, N. 2 Landis, D. 2 Beeman, J. 2 Haller, E.E. 2 Stöhlker, Th . 3; Affiliation:  1: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Harvard, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  3: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, Germany; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p60; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lamb shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcalorimeter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.220
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Niedermayr, T.
AU  - Hau, I.D.
AU  - Miyazaki, T.
AU  - Terracol, S.
AU  - Burger, A.
AU  - Lamberti, V.E.
AU  - Bell, Z.W.
AU  - Vujic, J.L.
AU  - Labov, S.E.
AU  - Friedrich, S.
T1  - Microcalorimeter design for fast-neutron spectroscopy
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 70
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We are developing microcalorimeters for fast-neutron spectroscopy. The goal is to develop a detector with an energy resolution of 0.1% for 1–<f>20 MeV</f> neutrons with an efficiency of 1%. We discuss the design of such a detector and present the first results of a transition edge sensor based microcalorimeter with a small <f>TiB2</f> absorber. The best energy resolution obtained was <f>5.5 keV</f> FWHM for a total energy deposition of <f>2.792 MeV</f> by thermal neutrons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - Calorimeters
KW  - Low-temperature detectors
KW  - Neutron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12574966; Niedermayr, T. 1; Email Address: niedermayrl@llnl.gov Hau, I.D. 1,2 Miyazaki, T. 1 Terracol, S. 1 Burger, A. 3 Lamberti, V.E. 4 Bell, Z.W. 4 Vujic, J.L. 2 Labov, S.E. 1 Friedrich, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Fisk Univerisity, 240 Dubois Hall, 1000 17th Avenue N, Nashville, TN 37208, USA  4: Y-12 National Security Complex, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p70; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimeters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-temperature detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.223
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Niinikoski, T.O.
AU  - Abreu, M.
AU  - Anbinderis, P.
AU  - Anbinderis, T.
AU  - D'Ambrosio, N.
AU  - de Boer, W.
AU  - Borchi, E.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Bruzzi, M.
AU  - Buontempo, S.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Cindro, V.
AU  - Dezillie, B.
AU  - Dierlamm, A.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Gaubas, E.
AU  - Gorbatenko, V.
AU  - Granata, V.
AU  - Grigoriev, E.
AU  - Grohmann, S.
T1  - Low-temperature tracking detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
SN  - 01689002
AB  - RD39 collaboration develops new detector techniques for particle trackers, which have to withstand fluences up to <f>1016 cm−2</f> of high-energy particles. The work focuses on the optimization of silicon detectors and their readout electronics while keeping the temperature as a free parameter. Our results so far suggest that the best operating temperature is around <f>130 K</f>. We shall also describe in this paper how the current-injected mode of operation reduces the polarization of the bulk silicon at low temperatures, and how the engineering and materials problems related with vacuum and low temperature can be solved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR track detectors
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - SILICON
KW  - THERMOELASTICITY
KW  - <f>p+</f>–i–<f>p+</f> detectors
KW  - Current-injected detectors
KW  - Forward bias
KW  - Low temperature
KW  - Silicon microstrip detectors
KW  - Thermoelasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 12574971; Niinikoski, T.O. 1; Email Address: tapio.niinikoski@cern.ch Abreu, M. 2 Anbinderis, P. 3 Anbinderis, T. 3 D'Ambrosio, N. 4 de Boer, W. 5 Borchi, E. 6 Borer, K. 7 Bruzzi, M. 6 Buontempo, S. 4 Chen, W. 8 Cindro, V. 9 Dezillie, B. 8 Dierlamm, A. 5 Eremin, V. 10 Gaubas, E. 3 Gorbatenko, V. 3 Granata, V. 11 Grigoriev, E. 5,12 Grohmann, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland  2: LIP, Av. E. Garcia, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal  3: University of Vilnius, Institute of Materials Science and Applied Research, Vilnius 2040, Lithuania  4: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá “Federico II” and INFN, I-80125 Napoli, Italy  5: IEKP University of Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany  6: Dipartimento di Energetica, Universitá di Firenze, I-50139 Firenze, Italy  7: Laboratorium für Hochenergiephysik der Universität Bern, Sidlerstarsse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  8: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  9: Jozef Stefan Institute, Exp. Particle Physics Dep., PO Box 3000, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia  10: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  11: Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK  12: Department de Radiologie, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p87; Subject Term: NUCLEAR track detectors; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: THERMOELASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>p+</f>–i–<f>p+</f> detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current-injected detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forward bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon microstrip detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermoelasticity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.228
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akerib, D.S.
AU  - Armel, M.S.
AU  - Attisha, M.
AU  - Baudis, L.
AU  - Bauer, D.A.
AU  - Brink, P.L.
AU  - Bunker, R.
AU  - Cabrera, B.
AU  - Caldwell, D.O.
AU  - Chang, C.L.
AU  - Crisler, M.B.
AU  - Cushman, P.
AU  - Dixon, R.
AU  - Driscoll, D.D.
AU  - Duong, L.
AU  - Gaitskell, R.J.
AU  - Huber, M.E.
AU  - Kamat, S.
AU  - Lu, A.
AU  - Mahapatra, R.
T1  - Further results from the CDMS experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment utilizes discriminating detectors where both the recoil energy and ionization produced by each particle event are simultaneously measured. Here we present our latest results from operating 4 Ge (4×250 g) and 2 Si (2×100 g) detectors at the shallow Stanford site. Our new WIMP exclusion limit excludes new parameter space for low-mass WIMPS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Athermal phonon detectors
KW  - Cold dark matter
KW  - Neutrons
N1  - Accession Number: 12574975; Akerib, D.S. 1 Armel, M.S. 2 Attisha, M. 3 Baudis, L. 4 Bauer, D.A. 5 Brink, P.L. 4; Email Address: pbrink@hep.stanford.edu Bunker, R. 5 Cabrera, B. 4 Caldwell, D.O. 5 Chang, C.L. 4 Crisler, M.B. 6 Cushman, P. 7 Dixon, R. 6 Driscoll, D.D. 1 Duong, L. 7 Gaitskell, R.J. 3 Huber, M.E. 8 Kamat, S. 1 Lu, A. 7 Mahapatra, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA  4: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  6: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  7: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  8: Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO 80217, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p105; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Athermal phonon detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cold dark matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrons; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.253
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12574975&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akerib, D.S.
AU  - Alvaro-Dean, J.
AU  - Armel, M.S.
AU  - Attisha, M.J.
AU  - Baudis, L.
AU  - Bauer, D.A.
AU  - Bolozdynya, A.I.
AU  - Brink, P.L.
AU  - Bunker, R.
AU  - Cabrera, B.
AU  - Caldwell, D.O.
AU  - Castle, J.P.
AU  - Chang, C.L.
AU  - Clarke, R.M.
AU  - Crisler, M.B.
AU  - Cushman, P.
AU  - Davies, A.K.
AU  - Dixon, R.
AU  - Driscoll, D.D.
AU  - Duong, L.
T1  - Installation and commissioning of the CDMSII experiment at Soudan
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In the past year and a half, the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) collaboration has been active at the Soudan mine in installing a system for running ZIP detectors that will be used to search for dark matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles. Presently, there is an operating cryogenic system, working electronics, a functional data acquisition and analysis system, passive shielding, an active muon veto, and 12 ZIP detectors. Six of the 12 ZIP detectors have been tested in situ and are fully operational with acceptable noise profiles. CDMS is in the process of commissioning the experiment and expects to be making a background measurement by the end of summer 2003. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - NUCLEAR research
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - 14.80.Ly
KW  - CDMS
KW  - Installation
KW  - Soudan
N1  - Accession Number: 12574978; Akerib, D.S. 1 Alvaro-Dean, J. 2 Armel, M.S. 2 Attisha, M.J. 3 Baudis, L. 4 Bauer, D.A. 5 Bolozdynya, A.I. 1 Brink, P.L. 4 Bunker, R. 6 Cabrera, B. 4 Caldwell, D.O. 6 Castle, J.P. 4 Chang, C.L. 4; Email Address: clchang@stanford.edu Clarke, R.M. 4 Crisler, M.B. 5 Cushman, P. 7 Davies, A.K. 4 Dixon, R. 5 Driscoll, D.D. 1 Duong, L. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA  4: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  6: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  7: School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p116; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.80.Ly; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Installation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soudan; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.256
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bucci, C.
AU  - Arnaboldi, C.
AU  - Artusa, D.R.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Balata, M.
AU  - Bandac, I.
AU  - Barucci, M.
AU  - Brofferio, C.
AU  - Beeman, J.
AU  - Capelli, S.
AU  - Carbone, L.
AU  - Cebrian, S.
AU  - Cremonesi, O.
AU  - Creswick, R.J.
AU  - Farach, H.A.
AU  - Fascilla, A.
AU  - Fiorini, E.
AU  - Frossati, G.
AU  - Giuliani, A.
AU  - Gorla, P.
T1  - First results from the Cuoricino experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 132
SN  - 01689002
AB  - At the end of 2001 the Milano Double Beta Decay (MI-DBD) experiment on double beta decay of 130Te has been completed. The project Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE), proposed as a natural extension of MI-DBD, will be a tightly packed array of 1000 <f>TeO2</f> bolometers, each being a cube 5 cm on a side with a mass of 790 g. The array will consists of 25 vertical towers, arranged in a square of 5 towers by 5 towers, each containing 10 layers of 4 crystals. A single CUORE tower has been constructed as a smaller scale experiment called CUORICINO. The technical feasibility of CUORE is now being tested in CUORICINO, running since few weeks. The CUORICINO experiment consists of 44 <f>TeO2</f> detectors 5×5×5 cm3 and 18 <f>TeO2</f> detectors 3×3×6 cm3 for a total mass of approximately 41 kg. An analysis of the detector performances is presented together with the new limit obtained on neutrinoless double beta decay of 130Te. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOLESS double beta decay
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - BOLOMETERS
KW  - TELLURIUM compounds
KW  - Double beta decay
KW  - Neutrino mass
N1  - Accession Number: 12574981; Bucci, C. 1; Email Address: carlo.bucci@lngs.infn.it Arnaboldi, C. 2 Artusa, D.R. 3 Avignone III, F.T. 3 Balata, M. 1 Bandac, I. 3 Barucci, M. 4 Brofferio, C. 2 Beeman, J. 5,6 Capelli, S. 2 Carbone, L. 2 Cebrian, S. 7 Cremonesi, O. 2 Creswick, R.J. 3 Farach, H.A. 3 Fascilla, A. 8 Fiorini, E. 2 Frossati, G. 9 Giuliani, A. 8 Gorla, P. 7; Affiliation:  1: Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) I-67010, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Milano-Bicocca e Sezione di Milano dell’INFN, Milano I-20126, Italy  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  4: Dipartimento di Fisica dell’ Università di Firenze e Sezione di Firenze dell’ INFN, Firenze I-50125, Italy  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering, University of California, Berkeley CA, 94720, USA  7: Laboratory of Nuclear and High Energy Physics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain  8: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche e Matematiche dell’Università dell’Insubria e Sezione di Milano dell’ INFN, Como I-22100, Italy  9: Kamerling Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p132; Subject Term: NEUTRINOLESS double beta decay; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: BOLOMETERS; Subject Term: TELLURIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double beta decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino mass; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.274
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morita, U.
AU  - Ishisaki, Y.
AU  - Koga, T.
AU  - Ohashi, T.
AU  - Terracol, S.F.
AU  - Miyazaki, T.
AU  - Friedrich, S.
AU  - Mitsuda, K.
AU  - Tanaka, K.
T1  - Analyses on the operating point dependence of the energy resolution with a Ti/Au TES microcalorimeter
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We examined the performance of a single pixel Ti/Au transition-edge sensor (TES) calorimeter for incident X-ray energies of Al-<f>Kα</f>, Cr-<f>Kα</f>, and Fe-<f>Kα</f>, as a function of the TES resistance. We find that the energy resolution does not always degrade with increasing energy. The best energy resolution of <f>5.7±0.9 eV</f> at <f>6.4 keV</f> is obtained, which is possibly even better than the baseline width of <f>6.5±0.2 eV</f>. Assuming that the noise level is determined by the noise spectrum <f>NS(f;R∼R+dR(E))</f> considering the resistance change of <f>dR(E)</f>, instead of <f>NS(f;R)</f> at the operating point, these results may be explained by the fact that the noise decreases at the higher TES resistance. The pulse variation appears to have a minimum at a certain resistance of <f>R+dR(E)≃48 mΩ</f>, and the best energy resolution for each line is obtained at such an operating point, respectively. The pulse variation could be enhanced when the fluctuation of the TES sensitivity <f>α</f> is large at <f>R+dR(E)</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC noise
KW  - Microcalorimeter
KW  - Superconducting transition edge sensor
KW  - X-ray detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 12575022; Morita, U. 1; Email Address: umeyo@phys.metro-u.ac.jp Ishisaki, Y. 1 Koga, T. 1 Ohashi, T. 1 Terracol, S.F. 2 Miyazaki, T. 2 Friedrich, S. 2 Mitsuda, K. 3 Tanaka, K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), L-270, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS/JAXA), 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510, Japan  4: SEIKO Instruments Inc., 563 Takatsuka-Shinden, Matsudo, Chiba 270-2222, Japan; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p277; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcalorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting transition edge sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.237
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12575022&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terracol, S.
AU  - Miyazaki, T.
AU  - Morita, U.
AU  - Ishisaki, Y.
AU  - Tanaka, K.
AU  - Mitsuda, K.
AU  - Friedrich, S.
T1  - The non-equilibrium response of a high-resolution Ti/Au X-ray microcalorimeter
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We have studied the response of a high resolution Ti/Au transition edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter with an energy resolution of 6.2±0.7 eV at 1.5 keV and 7.8±0.9 eV at 6.4 keV. We find that the sensitivity <f>α≡R/T dR/dT</f> of the TES varies significantly along the superconducting-to-normal transition that the bias point traverses during a pulse. Furthermore, <f>α</f> is reduced significantly during a pulse compared to its equilibrium value calculated from the DC characteristics. This leads to an overestimate of the expected energy resolution when basing the prediction on the equilibrium sensitivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM alloys
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Non-equilibrium sensitivity
KW  - Transition edge sensor
KW  - X-ray microcalorimeter
N1  - Accession Number: 12575028; Terracol, S. 1; Email Address: terracol1@llnl.gov Miyazaki, T. 1 Morita, U. 2 Ishisaki, Y. 2 Tanaka, K. 3 Mitsuda, K. 4 Friedrich, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Av, P.O. Box 808, L-270 Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan  3: Seiko Instruments Inc, 563 Takatsuka-Shinden, Matsudo-shi, Chiba 270-2222, Japan  4: Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagowa 229-8810, Japan; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p300; Subject Term: TITANIUM alloys; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-equilibrium sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition edge sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray microcalorimeter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.243
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12575028&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boerner, Paul
AU  - Martínez-Galarce, Dennis S.
AU  - Wamba, Kolo
AU  - Cabrera, Blas
AU  - Deiker, Steve
AU  - Irwin, Kent
AU  - Barbee, Troy W.
AU  - Baker, Phil C.
T1  - The Advanced Technology Solar Spectroscopic Imager—a novel experiment employing a transition-edge sensor to probe the soft X-ray solar corona
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Advanced Technology Solar Spectroscopic Imager (ATSSI) is a sounding rocket-borne experiment that will employ a Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) placed at the focus of a Wolter-I mirror to study large active region loops in the solar corona. The TES instrument will operate in the ∼500–1500 eV EUV/soft X-ray bandpass, obtaining ∼3 eV energy-resolved spectra at ∼6.25 arcsec image resolution with a count rate of ∼1000 photons/sec/pixel. Over a typical observation period of ∼360 sec, we will raster scan over a 0.6×0.6 arcmin field of view to obtain a 6×6 pixel image containing true EUV/soft X-ray spectroheliograms of a solar active region. Using these observations, we can directly determine composition, electron density and thermal differential emission measure of large active region loops in order to constrain models of heating mechanisms and accurately measure the thermal morphology of these structures. In the current analysis, we present an initial instrument concept and discuss some of the mission science goals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR corona
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - SPECTROSCOPE
KW  - X-rays
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Advanced Technology Solar Spectroscopic Images
KW  - Solar active regions
KW  - Transition Edge Sensor
N1  - Accession Number: 12575046; Boerner, Paul 1; Email Address: pboerner@stanford.edu Martínez-Galarce, Dennis S. 2 Wamba, Kolo 1 Cabrera, Blas 1 Deiker, Steve 3 Irwin, Kent 3 Barbee, Troy W. 4 Baker, Phil C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  2: Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA  3: National Institute of Standards & Technology, Boulder, CO, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  5: Baker Consulting, Walnut Grove, CA, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p372; Subject Term: SOLAR corona; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: SPECTROSCOPE; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced Technology Solar Spectroscopic Images; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar active regions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition Edge Sensor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.270
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12575046&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myers, Michael J.
AU  - Holzapfel, William
AU  - Lee, Adrian T.
AU  - O’Brient, Roger
AU  - Richards, P.L.
AU  - Schwan, D.
AU  - Smith, A.D.
AU  - Spieler, Helmuth
AU  - Tran, Huan
T1  - Arrays of antenna-coupled bolometers using transition edge sensors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 424
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We are developing antenna-coupled transition edge sensor (TES) bolometer arrays for use in the measurement of the cosmic microwave background polarization. We have designed and built a prototype antenna-coupled bolometer pixel. This design uses a double slot dipole antenna on a silicon hemispherical lens, fed with superconducting niobium microstrip. Microstrip filters are used to define the frequency band of the optical response, which is centered at 217 GHz with 40% bandwidth. The microstrip is terminated into a load resistor on a silicon nitride suspension, adjacent to a TES which is used to measure the dissipated power.We will discuss our progress in the development of the prototype pixel chips as well as the baseline design of a bolometer array for POLARBEAR, a CMB polarization experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTENNA arrays
KW  - BOLOMETERS
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - STRIP transmission lines
KW  - Antenna-coupled
KW  - Bolometer
KW  - Transition edge sensor
N1  - Accession Number: 12575060; Myers, Michael J. 1; Email Address: mmyers@cosmology.berkeley.edu Holzapfel, William 1 Lee, Adrian T. 1 O’Brient, Roger 1 Richards, P.L. 1 Schwan, D. 1 Smith, A.D. 2 Spieler, Helmuth 3 Tran, Huan 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: TRW Inc., Redondo Beach, CA 90278, USA  3: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p424; Subject Term: ANTENNA arrays; Subject Term: BOLOMETERS; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: STRIP transmission lines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antenna-coupled; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bolometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition edge sensor; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.351
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lanting, T.M.
AU  - Cho, Hsiao-Mei
AU  - Clarke, John
AU  - Dobbs, Matt
AU  - Lee, Adrian T.
AU  - Lueker, M.
AU  - Richards, P.L.
AU  - Smith, A.D.
AU  - Spieler, H.G.
T1  - Frequency domain multiplexing for bolometer arrays
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 548
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Fabrication of arrays of a thousand or more sensors is becoming practical. However, readout of these arrays remains a major instrumental challenge. We address this challenge using frequency-domain multiplexing of signals from an array of superconducting transition-edge sensors (TES). Each TES sensor is connected in series with an LC tuned circuit and biased with an alternating current at a selected frequency, ranging from 380 kHz to 1 MHz.The signal from each sensor amplitude-modulates its respective bias current. The LC filter reduces the bandwidth of the Johnson noise from the remaining sensors. The signals are combined at a current summing node and measured with a single superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) array (100 elements). We have developed a custom SQUID controller with a measured slew rate of 107 Φ0/s at 1 MHz.We designed and fabricated photolithographed LC filters. With these filters we have demonstrated multiplexing with two TES sensors and are preparing to scale up to 32 sensors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication)
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - Bolometer
KW  - Multiplexer
KW  - SQUID
KW  - Transition-edge
N1  - Accession Number: 12575095; Lanting, T.M. 1; Email Address: trevor@cosmology.berkeley.edu Cho, Hsiao-Mei 1 Clarke, John 1,2 Dobbs, Matt 3 Lee, Adrian T. 1,3 Lueker, M. 1 Richards, P.L. 1,2,4 Smith, A.D. 5 Spieler, H.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: TRW Inc., Redondo Beach, CA 90278, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p548; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication); Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bolometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiplexer; Author-Supplied Keyword: SQUID; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition-edge; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.311
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iyomoto, N.
AU  - Ichitsubo, T.
AU  - Mitsuda, K.
AU  - Yamasaki, N.Y.
AU  - Fujimoto, R.
AU  - Oshima, T.
AU  - Futamoto, K.
AU  - Takei, Y.
AU  - Fujimori, T.
AU  - Yoshida, K.
AU  - Ishisaki, Y.
AU  - Morita, U.
AU  - Koga, T.
AU  - Shinozaki, K.
AU  - Sato, K.
AU  - Takai, N.
AU  - Ohashi, T.
AU  - Miyazaki, T.
AU  - Nakayama, S.
AU  - Tanaka, K.
T1  - Frequency-domain multiplexing of TES microcalorimeter array with CABBAGE
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Properties of Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) microcalorimeters operated with AC bias are studied utilizing the calorimeter Wheatstone bridge circuit called Calorimeter Bridge Biased by an AC Generator (CABBAGE). The CABBAGE eliminates the AC carrier significantly, thus enables us to study the AC responses of the TES with high sensitivity. We tested two kinds of TES devices operating at 110 and <f>440 mK</f>, respectively. With the <f>110 mK</f> device biased with <f>25 kHz</f>, an energy resolution of <f>28 eV</f> is obtained for Mn K<f>α</f> line. On the other hand, we multiplexed the signals from two <f>440 mK</f> device biased with 50 and <f>20 kHz</f>, respectively, and obtained 167 and <f>271 eV</f> energy resolutions. Even at the balance point of the bridge, AC signal did not disappear and odd-order harmonics were observed. They are considered to arise from the current dependence of the TES resistance, which is characterized by <f>β≡d log R/d log I</f>. Numerical solution for the CABBAGE response can reproduce the experimental results well if <f>β=0.24±0.02</f>. Since the harmonics may cause severe problem in the SQUID operation even after attenuated by a band-pass filter, especially at high bias frequency operation such as several hundred kHz, it is important to make <f>β</f> small. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - Microcalorimeter
KW  - Multiplex
KW  - Superconducting
KW  - TES
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 12575100; Iyomoto, N. 1; Email Address: iyomoto@astro.isas.ac.jp Ichitsubo, T. 1 Mitsuda, K. 1 Yamasaki, N.Y. 1 Fujimoto, R. 1 Oshima, T. 1 Futamoto, K. 1 Takei, Y. 1 Fujimori, T. 1 Yoshida, K. 1 Ishisaki, Y. 2 Morita, U. 2 Koga, T. 2 Shinozaki, K. 2 Sato, K. 2 Takai, N. 2 Ohashi, T. 2 Miyazaki, T. 3 Nakayama, S. 4 Tanaka, K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara 229-8510, Japan  2: Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji 192-0397, Japan  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-418, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: SEIKO Instruments Inc., 563 Takatsuka-Shinden, Matsudo 270-2222, Japan; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p566; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcalorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiplex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting; Author-Supplied Keyword: TES; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.316
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friedrich, Stephan
T1  - Biological applications of cryogenic detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 520
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 621
SN  - 01689002
AB  - High energy resolution and broadband efficiency enable the use of cryogenic detectors in biological research. Two areas where they have found initial application are X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). In synchrotron-based fluorescence-detected XAS cryogenic detectors are used to examine the role of metals in biological systems by measuring their oxidation states and ligand symmetries. In TOF-MS cryogenic detectors increase the sensitivity for biomolecule detection and identification for masses above ∼50 kDa, and thus enable TOF-MS on large protein complexes or even entire viruses. More recently, cryogenic detectors have been proposed as optical sensors for fluorescence signals from biomarkers. We discuss the potential for cryogenic detectors in biological research, as well as the challenges the technology faces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - Cryogenic detectors
KW  - Fluorescence resonance energy transfer
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12575115; Friedrich, Stephan 1; Email Address: friedrich1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box No. 808, 7000 East Ave., L-270, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 520 Issue 1-3, p621; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenic detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence resonance energy transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.385
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12575115&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiao-dong Wang, G.P.
AU  - Min Qi
AU  - Thiel, Patricia A.
AU  - Chuang Dong
T1  - Geometric structure of Bergman clusters related to bulk amorphous alloys and quasicrystals.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 84
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 825
EP  - 834
SN  - 14786435
AB  - The fcc Zr 2 Ni- and MgCu 2 -type phases, being primary crystalline products of certain amorphous alloys with high glass-forming ability, should provide local structural information about the related amorphous alloys. The present paper gives a detailed analysis of the common structural features of these two fcc phases. They are both built from a similar building block consisting of tetrahedrally packed icosahedra. They also have shelled local structures similar to the first two shells of the Bergman-type clusters found in many icosahedral quasicrystals. Therefore the Bergman-type clusters probably play an important role in amorphous phase formation. Because of topological close packing inside dual-intergrown icosahedra, characteristic of Bergman clusters, the atomic radius ratios of the first- and second-shell atoms with respect to the central atom are nearly equal and fall in the range 1.1-1.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 12253185; Xiao-dong Wang, G.P. 1 Min Qi 1 Thiel, Patricia A. 2 Chuang Dong 1,2; Email Address: dong@dlut.edu.cn; Affiliation:  1: State Key Laboratory for Materials Modification and Department of Materials Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, PR China  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University; Source Info: 3/11/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 8, p825; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001608710
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blagoev, Krastan B.
AU  - Wille, Luc T.
T1  - Dynamical phase transitions in one-dimensional stochastic cellular automata.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 84
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 835
EP  - 841
SN  - 14786435
AB  - We study the influence of dynamic noise and disorder on the evolution of a chaotic cellular automaton model. Three distinct phases are identified corresponding to ordered, random and damage spreading evolution. The time evolution of the associated order parameters is investigated and the critical exponents are calculated close to the phase transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLULAR automata
KW  - NOISE
KW  - CHAOS theory
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MACHINE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12253181; Blagoev, Krastan B. 1; Email Address: krastan@lanl.gov Wille, Luc T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, T-11, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA  2: Department of Physics, Florida Atlantic University, USA; Source Info: 3/11/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 8, p835; Subject Term: CELLULAR automata; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: CHAOS theory; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MACHINE theory; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/1478643031000119192
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Krakauer, D.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Miglioranzi, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
T1  - Isolated tau leptons in events with large missing transverse momentum at HERA
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 583
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 58
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A search for events containing isolated tau leptons and large missing transverse momentum, not originating from the tau decay, has been performed with the ZEUS detector at the electron–proton collider HERA, using <f>130 pb-1</f> of integrated luminosity. A search was made for isolated tracks coming from hadronic tau decays. Observables based on the internal jet structure were exploited to discriminate between tau decays and quark- or gluon-induced jets. Three tau candidates were found, while <f>0.40+0.12-0.13</f> were expected from Standard Model processes, such as charged current deep inelastic scattering and single <f>W±</f>-boson production. To search for heavy-particle decays, a more restrictive selection was applied to isolate tau leptons produced together with a hadronic final state with high transverse momentum. Two candidate events survive, while <f>0.20±0.05</f> events are expected from Standard Model processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 17053667; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Krakauer, D. 1 Loizides, J.H. Magill, S. 1 Miglioranzi, S. Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R.; Email Address: rik.yoshida@desy.de Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Antonioli, P. 3 Bari, G. 3 Basile, M. 3 Bellagamba, L. 3 Boscherini, D. 3 Bruni, A. 3 Bruni, G. 3 Cara Romeo, G. 3 Cifarelli, L. 3 Cindolo, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, <cty>Argonne, IL</cty> 60439-4815, <cny cny-code="us">USA</cny><fn id="fn045">Supported by the US Department of Energy.</fn>  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104-0380, USA  3: University and INFN Bologna, <cty>Bologna</cty>, <cny cny-code="it">Italy</cny><fn id="fn036">Supported by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).</fn>; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 583 Issue 1/2, p41; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.12.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nonaka, Chiho
AU  - Fries, Rainer J.
AU  - Bass, Steffen A.
T1  - Elliptic flow of multi-strange particles: fragmentation, recombination and hydrodynamics
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 583
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 78
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We study the elliptic flow <f>v2</f> of multi-strange hadrons such as the <f>φ</f>, <f>Ξ</f> and <f>Ω</f> as a function of transverse momentum in the recombination and fragmentation model and compare to a standard hydrodynamic calculation. We find that the measurement of <f>v2</f> for the <f>φ</f> and <f>Ω</f> will allow for the unambiguous distinction between parton recombination and statistical hadro-chemistry to be the dominant process in hadronization at intermediate transverse momenta. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPTIC space
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Elliptic flow
KW  - Relativistic heavy-ion collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 17053671; Nonaka, Chiho 1; Email Address: nonaka@phy.duke.edu Fries, Rainer J. 1 Bass, Steffen A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA  2: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 583 Issue 1/2, p73; Subject Term: ELLIPTIC space; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Elliptic flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic heavy-ion collisions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.12.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naito, K.
AU  - Maedan, S.
AU  - Itakura, K.
T1  - Vector mesons on the light front
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 583
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 95
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We apply the light-front quantization to the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model with the vector interaction, and compute vector meson''s mass and light-cone wavefunction in the large <f>N</f> limit. Following the same procedure as in the previous analyses for scalar and pseudo-scalar mesons, we derive the bound-state equations of a <f>q&qmacr;</f> system in the vector channel. We include the lowest order effects of the vector interaction. The resulting transverse and longitudinal components of the bound-state equation look different from each other. But eventually after imposing an appropriate cutoff, one finds these two are identical, giving the same mass and the same (spin-independent) light-cone wavefunction. Mass of the vector meson decreases as one increases the strength of the vector interaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VECTOR mesons
KW  - VECTOR fields
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 17053673; Naito, K. 1; Email Address: knaito@nucl.sci.hokudai.ac.jp Maedan, S. 2; Email Address: maedan@tokyo-ct.ac.jp Itakura, K. 3,4; Email Address: itakura@quark.phy.bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Meme Media Laboratory, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan  2: Department of Physics, Tokyo National College of Technology, Tokyo 193-0997, Japan  3: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Service de Physique Théorique, CEA/Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France<fn id="fn001"><no>1</no>Present address.</fn>; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 583 Issue 1/2, p87; Subject Term: VECTOR mesons; Subject Term: VECTOR fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.01.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Praszalowicz, Michal
T1  - The width of <f>Θ+</f> for large <f>Nc</f> in chiral quark soliton model
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/03/11/
VL  - 583
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 96
EP  - 102
SN  - 03702693
AB  - In the chiral quark soliton model the smallness of <f>Θ+</f> width is due to the cancellation of the coupling constants which are of different order in <f>Nc</f>. We show that taking properly into account the flavor structure of relevant SU(3) representations for arbitrary number of colors enhances the nonleading term by an additional factor of <f>Nc</f>, making the cancellation consistent with the <f>Nc</f> counting. Moreover, we show that, for the same reason, <f>Θ+</f> width is suppressed by a group-theoretical factor <f>O(1/Nc)</f> with respect to <f>Δ</f> and discuss the <f>Nc</f> dependence of the phase space factors for these two decays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHASE space (Statistical physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 17053674; Praszalowicz, Michal 1; Email Address: michal@quark.phy.bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 19973-5000, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 583 Issue 1/2, p96; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHASE space (Statistical physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.12.056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gross, Gwen M.
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
AU  - Synovec, Robert E.
T1  - Monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles as an efficient stationary phase for open tubular gas chromatography using a square capillary: Model for chip-based gas chromatography in square cornered microfabricated channels
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/03/12/
VL  - 1029
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The application of a dodecanethiol monolayer-protected gold nanoparticle (MPN) stationary phase within a microchannel environment was explored using a square capillary column as a model for high-speed, microfabricated gas chromatography (μGC). Successful deposition and evaluation of a dodecanethiol MPN phase within a 1.3 m long, <F>100 μm×100</F> μm square capillary is reported. The thickness of the MPN phase was evaluated using SEM analysis. An average thickness of 15 nm along the capillary walls was determined. While the film depth along the walls was very uniform, the corner depths were greater with the largest observed depth being 430 nm. Overall, an efficient chromatographic system was obtained with a minimum reduced plate height, hmin, of 1.2 for octane (<F>k=0.22</F>). Characterization of the MPN column was completed using four compound classes (alkanes, alcohols, ketones, and aromatics) that were used to form a seven-component mixture with a 2-s separation. A mixture consisting of a nerve agent simulant in a sample containing analytes that may commonly interfere with detection was also separated in only 2 s, much faster than a similar separation previously reported using a μGC system requiring 50 s. A comparison of the MPN stationary phase to phases employed in previously reported μGC systems is also made. Application of the square capillary MPN column for a high-speed separation as the second column of a comprehensive 2-D gas chromatography system (<F>GC×GC</F>) was also explored. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Monomolecular films
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Alcohols (Chemical class)
KW  - Chip technology
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Stationary phases, GC
N1  - Accession Number: 12169606; Gross, Gwen M. 1; Grate, Jay W. 2; Synovec, Robert E. 1; Email Address: synovec@chem.washington.edu; Affiliations: 1: Center for Process Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 1029 Issue 1/2, p185; Thesaurus Term: Gas chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Subject Term: Monomolecular films; Subject Term: Nanoparticles; Subject Term: Alcohols (Chemical class); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chip technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases, GC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.12.058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whicker, F. W.
AU  - Hinton, T. G.
AU  - MacDonell, M. M.
AU  - Pinder III, J. E.
AU  - Habegger, L. J.
T1  - Avoiding Destructive Remediation at DOE Sites.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/12/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5664
M3  - Article
SP  - 1615
EP  - 1616
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessor agencies pioneered atomic weapons, nuclear energy, and peaceful uses of radioisotopes, but operating practices that began half a century ago left a legacy of environmental contamination at more than 100 sites in 30 states covering 2 million acres as of March 2004. Unreasonably low cleanup criteria for radionuclide concentrations in these media thus can lead to unnecessary excavation, transport, and disposal elsewhere, all of which magnify costs and cause loss of habitat for fish and wildlife, as well as reduced biodiversity. Similar contrasts exist for the Hanford Site in Washington, the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, the Nevada Test Site, Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, and other large DOE properties.
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 12620565; Whicker, F. W. 1; Email Address: ward.whicker@colostate.edu Hinton, T. G. 2 MacDonell, M. M. 3 Pinder III, J. E. 1 Habegger, L. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.  2: University of Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.  3: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: 3/12/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5664, p1615; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2209
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kohara, S.
AU  - Suzuya, K.
AU  - Takeuchi, K.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
AU  - Grimsditch, M.
AU  - Weber, J. K. R.
AU  - Tangeman, J. A.
AU  - Key, T. S.
T1  - Glass Formation at the Limit of Insufficient NetworkFormers.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/12/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5664
M3  - Article
SP  - 1649
EP  - 1652
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Inorganic glasses normally exhibit a network of interconnected, covalent-bonded, structural elements that has no long-range order. In silicate glasses, the network formers are based on SiO[sub4] tetrahedra interconnected through oxygen atoms at the corners. Conventional wisdom implies that alkaline and alkalineearth orthosilicate materials cannot be vitrified, because they do not contain sufficient network-forming SiO[sub2] to establish the needed interconnectivity. We studied a bulk magnesium orthosilicate glass obtained by containerless melting and cooling. We found that the role of network former was largely taken on by corner and edge sharing of highly distorted, ionic Mg-O species that adopt 4-, 5-, and 6-coordination with oxygen. The results suggest that similar glassy phases may be found in the containerless environment of interstellar space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - CELL organelles -- Formation
KW  - TETRAHEDRA
KW  - IONIC structure
KW  - SILICA
KW  - SOLID geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12620578; Kohara, S. 1 Suzuya, K. 2 Takeuchi, K. 3 Loong, C.-K. 4; Email Address: ckloong@anl.gov Grimsditch, M. 4 Weber, J. K. R. 5 Tangeman, J. A. 5 Key, T. S. 5; Affiliation:  1: Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Mikazuki, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.  2: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan.  3: Tokyo University of Science, Oshamanbe, Yamakoshi, Hokkaido 049-3514, Japan.  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA.  5: Containerless Research Inc., 906 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201-3149, USA.; Source Info: 3/12/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5664, p1649; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: CELL organelles -- Formation; Subject Term: TETRAHEDRA; Subject Term: IONIC structure; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: SOLID geometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2980
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chan, Clara S.
AU  - De Stasio, Gelsomina
AU  - Weich, Susan A.
AU  - Girasole, Marco
AU  - Frazer, Bradley H.
AU  - Nesterova, Maria V.
AU  - Fakra, Sirine
AU  - Banfield, Jillian F.
T1  - Microbial Polysaccharides Template Assembly of NanocrystalFibers.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/12/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5664
M3  - Article
SP  - 1656
EP  - 1658
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Biological systems can produce extraordinary inorganic structures and morphologies. The mechanisms of synthesis are poorly understood but are of great interest for engineering novel materials. We use spectromicroscopy to show that microbially generated submicrometer-diameter iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) filaments contain polysaccharides, providing an explanation for the formation of akaganeite pseudo-single crystals with aspect ratios of ∼1000:1. We infer that the cells extrude the polysaccharide strands to localize FeOOH precipitation in proximity to the cell membrane to harness the proton gradient for energy generation. Characterization of organic compounds with high spatial resolution, correlated with mineralogical information, should improve our understanding of biomineralization mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROBIAL polysaccharides
KW  - MICROBIAL polymers
KW  - BIOPOLYMERS
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 12620580; Chan, Clara S. 1 De Stasio, Gelsomina 2,3; Email Address: pupa@src.wisc.edu (G.D.S.) Weich, Susan A. 4 Girasole, Marco 5 Frazer, Bradley H. 2,3 Nesterova, Maria V. 4 Fakra, Sirine 6 Banfield, Jillian F. 1,4; Email Address: jill@eps.berkeley.edu (J.F.B.); Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.  3: Synchrotron Radiation Center, Stoughton, WI 53589, USA.  4: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.  5: Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome 00044, Italy.  6: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 3/12/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5664, p1656; Subject Term: MICROBIAL polysaccharides; Subject Term: MICROBIAL polymers; Subject Term: BIOPOLYMERS; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2774
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wassom, John S.
AU  - Sankaranarayanan, K.
T1  - The life and scientific legacy of William L. Russell (1910–2003)
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/03/14/
VL  - 558
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13835718
N1  - Accession Number: 12237981; Wassom, John S. 1; Email Address: wassomjs@ornl.gov; Sankaranarayanan, K. 2; Affiliations: 1: Human Genome and Toxicology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory<FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.</FN>, 1060 Commerce Park (MS-6480), Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; 2: Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Sylvius Laboratories, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL, Leiden, The Netherlands; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 558 Issue 1/2, p1; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.11.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wassom, John S.
AU  - Sankaranarayanan, K.
T1  - The life and scientific legacy of William L. Russell (1910–2003)
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/03/14/
VL  - 558
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13835718
N1  - Accession Number: 12237981; Wassom, John S. 1; Email Address: wassomjs@ornl.gov Sankaranarayanan, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Human Genome and Toxicology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory<FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.</FN>, 1060 Commerce Park (MS-6480), Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  2: Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Sylvius Laboratories, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL, Leiden, The Netherlands; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 558 Issue 1/2, p1; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.11.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoyt, David W.
AU  - Burton, Sarah D.
AU  - Peterson, Michael R.
AU  - Myers, James D.
AU  - Chin Jr., George
T1  - Expanding your laboratory by accessing collaboratory resources.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 378
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1408
EP  - 1410
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - The article presents information on accessing collaboratory resources for a laboratory. The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) in Richiand, Washington, is the home of a research facility set up by the United States Department of Energy (DOE). There are six main research facilities housed in the EMSL, all of which host visiting researchers. Several of these facilities also participate in the EMSL collaboratory, a remote-access capability supported by EMSL operations funds. Of these, the High-Field Magnetic Resonance Facility (HFMRF) and Molecular Science Computing Facility (MSCF) have a significant number of their users performing remote work. Remote operation has the greatest benefits for experiments that do not require frequent sample changes.
KW  - RESEARCH institutes
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 15124943; Hoyt, David W. 1 Burton, Sarah D. 1; Email Address: sarah.burton@pnl.gov Peterson, Michael R. 1 Myers, James D. 1 Chin Jr., George 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 99352, Richland, WA, USA.; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 378 Issue 6, p1408; Subject Term: RESEARCH institutes; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-003-2428-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lapizco-Encinas, Blanca H.
AU  - Simmons, Blake A.
AU  - Cummings, Eric B.
AU  - Fintschenko, Yolanda
T1  - Dielectrophoretic Concentration and Separation of Live and Dead Bacteria in an Array of Insulators.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1571
EP  - 1579
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Insulator-based (electrodeless) dielectrophoresis (iDEP) is an innovative approach in which the nonuniform electric field needed to drive DEP is produced by insulators, avoiding problems associated with the use of electrodes. Live and dead Escherichia coli were concentrated and selectively released by applying stepped DC voltages across a microchannel containing an array of insulating posts etched in glass. The only electrodes present were two platinum wires placed in the inlet and outlet reservoirs, producing mean electric fields of up to 200 V/mm across the insulators. The cells were labeled with Syto 9 and propidium iodide and imaged through a fluorescent microscope. Cell trapping and release were controlled by modifying the relative responses of electrokinesis and DEP by adjusting the magnitude of the applied voltage. Dead cells were observed to have significantly lower dielectrophoretic mobility than live cells, whereas the electrokinetic mobilities of live and dead cells were indistinguishable. The locations of the bands of differentially trapped cells were consistent with predictions. In addition, cells were selectively trapped and concentrated against backgrounds of 1- and 0.2-μm carboxylate-modified polystyrene particles. This first application of iDEP for simultaneous live/dead bacteria separation and concentration illustrates its potential as a front-end method for bacterial analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - DIELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 12805191; Lapizco-Encinas, Blanca H. 1 Simmons, Blake A. 2 Cummings, Eric B. 1 Fintschenko, Yolanda 1; Email Address: yfintsc@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Microfluidics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9951, Livermore, California 94551.  2: Materials Chemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9403, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 6, p1571; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: DIELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiong, Ying
AU  - Schroeder, kersten
AU  - Greenbaum, Nancy L.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Improved Mass Analysis of Oligoribonucleotides by 13C, 15N Double Depletion and Electrospray Ionization FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1804
EP  - 1809
SN  - 00032700
AB  - 13C, 15N doubly depleted 32-ribonucleotide was synthesized enzymatically by in vitro transcription from nucleoside triphosphates isolated from E. coli grown in a minimal medium containing 12C, 14N-enriched glucose and ammonium sulfate. Following purification and desalting by reversed-phase HPLC, buffer exchange with Microcon YM-3, and ethanol precipitation, electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra revealed greatly enhanced abundance of mono-isotopic ions (by a factor of ∼100) and a narrower isotopic distribution with higher signal-to-noise ratio. The abrupt onset and high magnitude of the monoisotopic species promise to facilitate accurate mass measurement of RNA's. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - GLUCOSE
KW  - HIGH performance liquid chromatography
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - RIBOSE
N1  - Accession Number: 12805224; Xiong, Ying 1 Schroeder, kersten 2 Greenbaum, Nancy L. 2 Hendrickson, Christopher L. 2,3 Marshall, Alan G. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306.  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306.  3: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4005.; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 6, p1804; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: GLUCOSE; Subject Term: HIGH performance liquid chromatography; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: RIBOSE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crouch, C.H.
AU  - Carey, J.E.
AU  - Warrender, J.M.
AU  - Aziz, M.J.
AU  - Mazur, E.
AU  - Génin, F.Y.
T1  - Comparison of structure and properties of femtosecond and nanosecond laser-structured silicon.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1850
EP  - 1852
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We compare the optical properties, chemical composition, and crystallinity of silicon microstructures formed in the presence of SF[sub 6] by femtosecond laser irradiation and by nanosecond laser irradiation. In spite of very different morphology and crystallinity, the optical properties and chemical composition of the two types of microstructures are very similar. The structures formed with femtosecond (fs) pulses are covered with a disordered nanocrystalline surface layer less than 1 μm thick, while those formed with nanosecond (ns) pulses have very little disorder. Both ns-laser-formed and fs-laser-formed structures absorb near-infrared (1.1–2.5 μm) radiation strongly and have roughly 0.5% sulfur impurities. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - LASERS
KW  - FEMTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - LASER photochemistry
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 12512702; Crouch, C.H. 1 Carey, J.E. 1 Warrender, J.M. 1 Aziz, M.J. 1 Mazur, E. 1; Email Address: mazur@physics.harvard.edu Génin, F.Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1850; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: FEMTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: LASER photochemistry; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jianjun Zhang
AU  - Kaiwang Zhang, Hisao
AU  - Jianxin Zhong, Hisao
T1  - Local self-organization of islands in embedded nanodot systems.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1853
EP  - 1855
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We show that strain distribution on the surface of an isotropic spacer layer induced by an embedded island of large base-to-height aspect ratio deviates significantly from the description of the point force dipole model in the regime of small spacer layer thickness. In this regime, the strain profile displays several local maxima above the embedded island. The regions with local strain maxima serve as nucleation centers for growth of surface islands under appropriate growth conditions, resulting in locally well-organized surface islands above the embedded island. Our theoretical results are in excellent agreement with recent experiments for Ge islands embedded in Si. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SELF-organizing systems
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - EMBEDDED computer systems
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12512701; Jianjun Zhang 1 Kaiwang Zhang, Hisao 1 Jianxin Zhong, Hisao 2; Email Address: zhong.jn@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Xiangtan University, China  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1853; Subject Term: SELF-organizing systems; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: EMBEDDED computer systems; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1669079
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12512701&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, S.J.
AU  - Park, J.M.
AU  - Snyder, J.E.
AU  - Jiles, D.C.
AU  - Schlagel, D.L.
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
AU  - Lynch, D.W.
T1  - Reflectance anisotropy of Gd[sub 5]Si[sub 2]Ge[sub 2] and Tb[sub 5]Si[sub 2.2]Ge[sub 1.8].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1865
EP  - 1867
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Reflectance difference (RD) spectra for the a–b plane of the single crystals of Gd[sub 5]Si[sub 2]Ge[sub 2] and b–c planes of Gd[sub 5]Si[sub 2]Ge[sub 2] and Tb[sub 5]Si[sub 2.2]Ge[sub 1.8] were obtained in the photon energy range of 1.5–5.5 eV. Several peaks were observed for these crystals in the measured spectrum range. Similar features were observed in the RD spectra for the b–c planes of Gd[sub 5]Si[sub 2]Ge[sub 2] and Tb[sub 5]Si[sub 2.2]Ge[sub 1.8], while different features were observed for the a–b plane and b–c plane of Gd[sub 5]Si[sub 2]Ge[sub 2]. The RD spectra for the crystals arise not only from the surface anisotropy but also from the bulk anisotropy due to the monoclinic structure of the bulk crystal. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRAL reflectance
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - GERMANIDES
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12512697; Lee, S.J. 1; Email Address: sjlee@ameslab.gov Park, J.M. 2 Snyder, J.E. 3 Jiles, D.C. 3 Schlagel, D.L. 1 Lograsso, T.A. 1 Pecharsky, A.O. 1 Lynch, D.W. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University  3: Ames Laboratory and Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1865; Subject Term: SPECTRAL reflectance; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: GERMANIDES; Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687463
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dudiy, S.V.
AU  - Zunger, Alex
T1  - Type I to type II transition at the interface between random and ordered domains of Al[sub x]Ga[sub 1-x]N alloys.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1874
EP  - 1876
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We analyze the optical and transport consequences of the existence of ordered and random domains in partially ordered samples of Al[sub x]Ga[sub 1-x]N alloys. Using atomistic empirical pseudopotential simulations, we find that the band alignment between random and ordered domains changes from type I to type II at x≃0.4. This leads to an increase by two to three orders of magnitude in the radiative lifetime of the electron–hole recombination. This can explain the experimentally observed mobility-lifetime product behaviors with changing Al concentration. The type I to type II transition results from a competition between the ordering-induced band folding effect and hole confinement on Ga-rich monolayers within the ordered structure. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12512694; Dudiy, S.V. 1 Zunger, Alex 1; Email Address: azunger@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1874; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687464
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, D.W.
AU  - Shen, W.-N.
AU  - Dunn, B.
AU  - Moore, C.D.
AU  - Goorsky, M.S.
AU  - Radetic, T.
AU  - Gronsky, R.
AU  - Chen, G.
T1  - Thermal conductivity of nanoporous bismuth thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1883
EP  - 1885
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The thermal conductivity of nanoporous Bi thin films has been experimentally determined. Samples are fabricated by a liquid phase deposition, and their thermal conductivities are measured by a differential 3ω method. Nanoporous Bi thin films exhibit an order-of-magnitude reduction in thermal conductivity compared to that of solid films, most likely the result of a reduction in phonon mean free path. When porous Bi films are exposed to a hydrogen plasma, thermal conductivity measurements reveal no variation with extent of porosity, while electrical conductivity is much more sensitive to porosity, suggesting the possibility of independent control of these two intrinsic properties. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - THIN films
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - HEAT
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12512691; Song, D.W. 1 Shen, W.-N. 2 Dunn, B. 2 Moore, C.D. 2 Goorsky, M.S. 2 Radetic, T. 3 Gronsky, R. 4 Chen, G. 5; Email Address: gchen2@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California  2: Department of Material Science & Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles  3: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California  4: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley  5: Mechanical Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1883; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1682679
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fareed, R.S. Qhalid
AU  - Jain, R.
AU  - Gaska, R.
AU  - Shur, M.S.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Khan, M. Asif
T1  - High quality InN/GaN heterostructures grown by migration enhanced metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1892
EP  - 1894
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on the structural properties and optical and electrical characteristics of InN epitaxial layers grown on highly resistive GaN templates using migration enhanced metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MEMOCVD). The material quality of InN improved significantly for the layer thickness larger than 150 nm. The highest extracted value of the room temperature electron mobility was close to 850 cm[sup 2]/V s for samples with electron carrier concentration of ∼4×10[sup 18] cm[sup -3]. The measured dependence of the electron mobility on electron concentration is interpreted using the model accounting for ionized impurity scattering, polar optical scattering, and compensation. The MEMOCVD-grown material exhibited stronger photoluminescence (PL) compared to InN deposited using conventional metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Room temperature PL spectra were similar to InN grown using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) with peak emission at 0.8 eV. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of the MEMOCVD technique for deposition of high quality InN epitaxial layers at reduced temperatures comparable to those used in MBE growth. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 12512688; Fareed, R.S. Qhalid 1; Email Address: fareed@s-et.com Jain, R. 1 Gaska, R. 1 Shur, M.S. 1 Wu, J. 2 Walukiewicz, W. 2 Khan, M. Asif 3; Affiliation:  1: Sensor Electronic Technology, Inc., South Carolina  2: Division of Materials Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1892; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1686889
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillpot, S.R.
AU  - Gopalan, V.
T1  - Coupled displacive and order–disorder dynamics in LiNbO[sub 3] by molecular-dynamics simulation.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1916
EP  - 1918
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate that molecular-dynamics simulations can reproduce the ferroelectric behavior of LiNbO[sub 3] and the ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition. We find that this phase transition is a two-stage process involving a displacive transition in the Nb–O cages at a temperature below the Curie temperature and an order–disorder transition in the Li–O planes at the Curie temperature itself. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - LITHIUM niobate
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12512680; Phillpot, S.R. 1; Email Address: sphil@mse.ufl.edu Gopalan, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1916; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: LITHIUM niobate; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1669063
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McNeil, W.J.
AU  - McGregor, D.S.
AU  - Bolotnikov, A.E.
AU  - Wright, G.W.
AU  - James, R.B.
T1  - Single-charge-carrier-type sensing with an insulated Frisch ring CdZnTe semiconductor radiation detector.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1988
EP  - 1990
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Performance optimization of an insulated Frisch ring design was investigated for a 3×3×6 mm CdZnTe planar semiconductor detector. The Frisch ring was composed of copper and was insulated from the detector surface with Teflon. Optimization variables included the Frisch ring length and the bias voltage. Optimized overall device performance was found using a 5 mm long Frisch ring extending from the cathode toward the anode, leaving a 1 mm separation between the Frisch ring and the anode. The best energy resolution observed was 1.7% full width at half maximum at 662 keV with the ring extending 4 mm from the cathode toward the anode. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - THERMAL insulation
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 12512656; McNeil, W.J. 1 McGregor, D.S. 1; Email Address: mcgregor@ksu.edu Bolotnikov, A.E. 2 Wright, G.W. 2 James, R.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: S.M.A.R.T. Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Kansas State University  2: Department of Non-proliferation and National Security, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1988; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: THERMAL insulation; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423330 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1668332
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12512656&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, S.Y.
AU  - Moreno, J.
AU  - Fleming, J.G.
T1  - Response to “Comment on ‘Three-dimensional photonic-crystal emitter for thermal photovoltaic power generation’ ” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1997 (2004)].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1999
EP  - 1999
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Responds to comments on the article "Three-dimensional photonic-crystal emitter for thermal photovoltaic power generation," published in "Applied Physics Letters."  Utilization of the experimentally measures photonic crystal emission spectrum as an input file for predicting the corresponding thermal photovoltaic properties.
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
KW  - SOLAR energy
N1  - Accession Number: 12512652; Lin, S.Y. 1; Email Address: slin@sandia.gov Moreno, J. 1 Fleming, J.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: MS 0603, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p1999; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667270
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12512652&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alupoaei, Catalina E.
AU  - Olivares, Jose A.
AU  - García-Rubio, Luis H.
T1  - Quantitative spectroscopy analysis of prokaryotic cells: vegetative cells and spores
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 19
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 893
SN  - 09565663
AB  - Multiwavelength ultraviolet/visible (UV-Vis) spectra of microorganisms and cell suspensions contain quantitative information on properties such as number, size, shape, chemical composition, and internal structure of the suspended particles. These properties are essential for the identification and classification of microorganisms and cells. The complexity of microorganisms in terms of their chemical composition and internal structure make the interpretation of their spectral signature a difficult task. In this paper, a model is proposed for the quantitative interpretation of spectral patterns resulting from transmission measurements of prokaryotic microorganism suspensions. It is also demonstrated that different organisms give rise to spectral differences that may be used for their identification and classification. The proposed interpretation model is based on light scattering theory, spectral deconvolution techniques, and on the approximation of the frequency dependent optical properties of the basic constituents of living organisms. The quantitative deconvolution in terms of the interpretation model yields critical information necessary for the detection and identification of microorganisms, such as size, dry mass, dipicolinic acid concentration, nucleotide concentration, and an average representation of the internal scattering elements of the organisms. E. coli, P. agglomerans, B. subtilis spores, and vegetative cells and spores of Bacillus globigii are used as case studies. It is concluded that spectroscopy techniques coupled with effective interpretation models are applicable to a wide range of cell types found in diverse environments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CELL suspensions
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - Absorbance
KW  - Biosensor
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Multiwavelength spectroscopy
KW  - Optical properties
KW  - Scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 12169348; Alupoaei, Catalina E. 1 Olivares, Jose A. 2 García-Rubio, Luis H. 1; Email Address: garcia@marine.usf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, Mexico; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 19 Issue 8, p893; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CELL suspensions; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biosensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microorganisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiwavelength spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scattering; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bios.2003.08.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bontchev, Ranko P.
AU  - Moore, Robert C.
T1  - Crystal structure of sodium isosaccharate, NaC6H11O6<f>·</f>H2O
JO  - Carbohydrate Research
JF  - Carbohydrate Research
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 339
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 801
SN  - 00086215
AB  - Sodium isosaccharate, NaC6H11O6·H2O (Na-ISA), has been synthesized, and its crystal structure solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Na-ISA crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 (#4) with cell parameters <f>a=9.2267(11)</f> A˚, <f>b=5.0765(6)</f> A˚, <f>c=9.7435(11)</f> A˚, <f>β=103.304(2)</f>°, <f>V=444.13(9)</f> A˚3, <f>Z=2</f>. The structure was refined by full-matrix least-squares on <f>F2</f> yielding final <f>R</f>-values (all data) <f>R1=0.0361</f> and <f>Rw2=0.0935</f>.The structure of Na-ISA consists of (C6H11O6)− anions arranged in layers parallel to the <f>bc</f> plane. An extended network of O–H<f>⋯</f>O hydrogen bonds links the (ISA)− anions and the crystal water molecules. Each sodium atom is coordinated by four oxygen atoms belonging to four different (ISA)− anions and by one water molecule. The resulting NaO5 polyhedra are linked by sharing common corners in zig-zag chains running parallel to the <f>b</f>-axis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbohydrate Research is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SODIUM compounds
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Isosaccharinic acid
KW  - Single crystal
KW  - Sodium isosaccharate
N1  - Accession Number: 12308556; Bontchev, Ranko P. 1 Moore, Robert C.; Email Address: rcmoore@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, MS 0779 Albuquerque, NM 87185-0779, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 339 Issue 4, p801; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SODIUM compounds; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ANIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isosaccharinic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium isosaccharate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carres.2003.12.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldstein, Steven J.
AU  - Murrell, Michael T.
AU  - Nishiizumi, Kunihiko
AU  - Nunn, Andrew J.
T1  - Uranium-series chronology and cosmogenic 10Be–36Cl record of Antarctic ice
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 204
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 00092541
AB  - We present new uranium-series and cosmogenic nuclide age data obtained by sensitive thermal ionization and accelerator mass spectrometric techniques for samples of dusty polar ice from Allan Hills, Antarctica. These data are used to further evaluate the applicability of these nuclides for direct radiometric dating of polar ice. In order to minimize artifacts during sample processing we developed an improved method utilizing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to stabilize uranium-series nuclides dissolved in polar ice during ice melting and filtration. Our measurements revealed low uranium-series daughter abundances and large uranium-series (234U/238U, 230Th/234U, 226Ra/230Th, 231Pa/235U) disequilibria in the filtered <0.05-μm fraction of these ice samples. Both the long-lived uranium-series disequilibria and 10Be/36Cl ratios are most likely recently inherited from precipitation. The short-lived daughter 226Ra is the exception and is enhanced in the <0.05-μm fraction, presumably due to recoil effects from dust bands present in the ice. Based on a simplified recoil model, ice ages of approximately 30 ka are obtained from our data. Absence of measurable 238U–234U–230Th–226Ra disequilibria in the volcanic dust bands also suggests that ice ages are greater than 10 ka, consistent with recoil-based ages. Our relatively young ice ages can be compared with previously published relatively old terrestrial ages of meteorites from this area and suggests that meteorites at Allan Hills have experienced a multi-stage history of ice accumulation and/or ice flow. Our results also suggest that large uranium-series disequilibria can be inherited from precipitation, which may provide a method for dating clear ice samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - GEOLOGICAL time
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Antarctica
KW  - Cosmogenic nuclides
KW  - Geochronology
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Polar ice
KW  - Radium
KW  - Uranium-series
N1  - Accession Number: 12308806; Goldstein, Steven J. 1; Email Address: sgoldstein@lanl.gov Murrell, Michael T. 1 Nishiizumi, Kunihiko 2 Nunn, Andrew J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Isotope and Nuclear Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7450, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 204 Issue 1/2, p125; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: GEOLOGICAL time; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antarctica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmogenic nuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochronology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polar ice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium-series; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.11.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, Valéry
AU  - Daul, Claude
T1  - Evaluation of two-electron integrals including the factors <f>r12kexp(−γr212)</f> over Cartesian Gaussian functions
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 158
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We present a practical scheme for the evaluation of nonstandard two-electron integrals including the factors <f>r12kexp(−γr122)</f> which have been appeared recently, where <f>k&ges;−1</f> is an integer. The method used throughout this paper is based on the highly efficient Head-Gordon and Pople (HGP) approach of evaluation of electron repulsion integrals (ERI). Thus only straightforward modifications of existing codes that employ HGP or HGP-PRISM scheme are necessary to implement our approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - GAMMA rays -- Attenuation
KW  - POINT mappings (Mathematics)
KW  - GROWTH factors
KW  - 31.25.-v
KW  - Damped-<f>R12</f> integrals
KW  - HGP recurrence relations
KW  - Two-electron integrals
N1  - Accession Number: 12236856; Weber, Valéry 1; Email Address: vweber@tl2.lanl.gov Daul, Claude 2; Email Address: claude.daul@unifr.ch; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division T-12, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 158 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: GAMMA rays -- Attenuation; Subject Term: POINT mappings (Mathematics); Subject Term: GROWTH factors; Author-Supplied Keyword: 31.25.-v; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damped-<f>R12</f> integrals; Author-Supplied Keyword: HGP recurrence relations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-electron integrals; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00497-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Itle, G.C.
AU  - Salinger, A.G.
AU  - Pawlowski, R.P.
AU  - Shadid, J.N.
AU  - Biegler, L.T.
T1  - A tailored optimization strategy for PDE-based design: application to a CVD reactor
JO  - Computers & Chemical Engineering
JF  - Computers & Chemical Engineering
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 00981354
AB  - We describe a tailored strategy for nonlinear programming (NLP) with partial differential equation (PDE) models. This approach is based on a reduced space Successive Quadratic Programming (rSQP) algorithm, and it allows the reuse of existing PDE-based modeling codes. This approach leads to an efficient simultaneous strategy, where the NLP and the PDE model are solved at the same time. A number of refinements were made to the NLP algorithm to enhance its performance and reliability for large, nonlinear models. This study considers PDE-based optimization problems to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.In particular, we apply this approach to MPSalsa, a finite element PDE Solver developed at Sandia National Laboratories, and consider a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor model as the optimization application. Here, our goal is optimize the operating conditions to produce a thin film of gallium nitride with a spatially uniform thickness. To minimize nonuniformity of the film, a novel NLP formulation is described and evaluated based on constraint aggregation. In addition to the design optimization strategy, we incorporate a stability analysis of the optimal design to assure that it is a stable steady state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Chemical Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CVD reactor
KW  - Finite element methods
KW  - Gallium nitride
KW  - PDE constrained optimization
KW  - SQP methods
N1  - Accession Number: 11729841; Itle, G.C. 1 Salinger, A.G. 2 Pawlowski, R.P. 2 Shadid, J.N. 2 Biegler, L.T. 1; Email Address: biegler@cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: Parallel Computational Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p291; Subject Term: NONLINEAR programming; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: CVD reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium nitride; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDE constrained optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: SQP methods; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0098-1354(03)00190-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Treiman, Allan H.
AU  - Lanzirotti, Antonio
AU  - Xirouchakis, Dimitrios
T1  - Ancient water on asteroid 4 Vesta: evidence from a quartz veinlet in the Serra de Mage´ eucrite meteorite
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 219
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - The meteorite Serra de Mage´, a eucrite inferred to be from the asteroid 4 Vesta, contains quartz veinlets. They are identical to antitaxial or ‘crack-seal’ quartz veinlets in terrestrial rocks, and are extraterrestrial and ancient because they pre-date a 4.40 Ga metamorphism. The quartz was likely deposited from liquid water solutions (as are terrestrial veins); other potential solvents or transport mechanisms are inadequate or unlikely. Because there is no indication of internal (magmatic) water in the eucrite meteorites and thus in Vesta, the water from which the veinlet was deposited probably came from outside Vesta. By analogy with water ice deposits on the Moon and Mercury, Vesta and similar asteroids may have had (or now have) polar ice deposits, possibly derived from comet impacts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTEROIDS
KW  - SOLAR system
KW  - WATER
KW  - METEORITES
KW  - 4 Vesta
KW  - eucrite (meteorite type)
KW  - polar ice
KW  - quartz vein
KW  - Serra de Magé (meteorite name)
KW  - water
N1  - Accession Number: 12377877; Treiman, Allan H. 1; Email Address: treiman@lpi.usra.edu Lanzirotti, Antonio 2; Email Address: lanzirotti@bnl.gov Xirouchakis, Dimitrios 3; Email Address: geoterra@otenet.gr; Affiliation:  1: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058, USA  2: Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Johnson Space Center, Bldg. 31, Houston, TX 77058, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 219 Issue 3/4, p189; Subject Term: ASTEROIDS; Subject Term: SOLAR system; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: METEORITES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 4 Vesta; Author-Supplied Keyword: eucrite (meteorite type); Author-Supplied Keyword: polar ice; Author-Supplied Keyword: quartz vein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Serra de Magé (meteorite name); Author-Supplied Keyword: water; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0012-821X(04)00004-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiser, Ryan
AU  - Fowlie, Meredith
AU  - Holt, Ed
T1  - Authors’ response to the critique of “Public goods and private interests: understanding non-residential demand for green power”, by Lawrence Haar and Lamra N. Stanciu
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
SN  - 03014215
KW  - Customer choice
KW  - Green power
KW  - Renewable energy
N1  - Accession Number: 11257057; Wiser, Ryan 1; Email Address: rhwiser@lbl.gov; Fowlie, Meredith 2; Holt, Ed 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Ed Holt & Associates, 28 Headland Road, Harpswell, ME 04079, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p705; Author-Supplied Keyword: Customer choice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable energy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00333-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Dong, Weijin
AU  - Brown, Gilbert M.
AU  - Cole, David R.
T1  - Reply to Comment on "Complete Degradation of Perchlorate in Ferric Chloride and Hydrochloric Acid under Controlled Temperature and Pressure".
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1919
EP  - 1920
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Analysis of the economics of a treatment process will require consideration of the entire process. Ion exchange is among the preferred methods of removing trace quantities of perchlorates from contaminated water, and the selective ion-exchange process has been developed, based on a bifunctional resin. Because the process is so selective, the perchlorates is removed without the addition or subtraction of other constituents in the treated stream. The selective ion-exchange process becomes economically viable if the resin can further be regenerated, and a novel process involving the equilibrium formation of the ferric chloride anion in aqueous solution of ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid made it possible to regenerate the resin.
KW  - Perchlorates
KW  - Perchloric acid
KW  - Hydrochloric acid
KW  - Iron compounds
KW  - Copper compounds
KW  - Ion exchange resins
N1  - Accession Number: 12689870; Gu, Baohua 1; Dong, Weijin 1; Brown, Gilbert M. 1; Cole, David R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, MS 6036 1 Bethel Valley Road Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036.; Issue Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p1919; Thesaurus Term: Perchlorates; Thesaurus Term: Perchloric acid; Thesaurus Term: Hydrochloric acid; Subject Term: Iron compounds; Subject Term: Copper compounds; Subject Term: Ion exchange resins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucheyev, S. O.
AU  - Williams, J. S.
AU  - Zou, J.
AU  - Jagadish, C.
T1  - Dynamic annealing in III-nitrides under ion bombardment.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3048
EP  - 3054
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We study the evolution of structural defects in Al[sub x]Ga[sub 1-x]N films (with x=0.0–0.6) bombarded with kilo-electron-volt heavy ions at 77 and 300 K. We use a combination of Rutherford backscattering/channeling spectrometry and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. Results show that an increase in Al content not only strongly enhances dynamic annealing processes but can also change the main features of the amorphization behavior. In particular, the damage buildup behavior at 300 K is essentially similar for all the AlGaN films studied. Ion-beam-produced disorder at 300 K accumulates preferentially in the crystal bulk region up to a certain saturation level (∼50%–60% relative disorder). Bombardment at 300 K above a critical fluence results in a rapid increase in damage from the saturation level up to complete disordering, with a buried amorphous layer nucleating in the crystal bulk. However, at 77 K, the saturation effect of lattice disorder in the bulk occurs only for x>=0.1. Based on the analysis of these results for AlGaN and previously reported data for InGaN, we discuss physical mechanisms of the susceptibility of group-III nitrides to ion-beam-induced disordering and to the crystalline-to-amorphous phase transition. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - ELECTRONS -- Backscattering
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12405774; Kucheyev, S. O. 1,2; Email Address: kucheyev1@llnl.gov Williams, J. S. 1 Zou, J. 3,4 Jagadish, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  3: Division of Materials and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland,QLD 4072, Australia.  4: Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.  5: Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 6, p3048; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: ELECTRONS -- Backscattering; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649459
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rui-Hua Xie
AU  - Bryant, Garnett W.
AU  - Guangyu Sun
AU  - Nicklaus, Marc C.
AU  - Heringer, David
AU  - Frauenheim, Th.
AU  - Manaa, M. Riad
AU  - Smith Jr., Vedene H.
AU  - Araki, Yasuyuki
AU  - Ito, Osamu
T1  - Excitations, optical absorption spectra, and optical excitonic gaps of heterofullerenes. I. C[sub 60], C[sub 59]N[sup +], and C[sub 48]N[sub 12]: Theory and experiment.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5133
EP  - 5147
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Low-energy excitations and optical absorption spectrum of C[sub 60] are computed by using time-dependent (TD) Hartree–Fock, TD-density functional theory (TD-DFT), TD DFT-based tight-binding (TD-DFT-TB), and a semiempirical Zerner intermediate neglect of diatomic differential overlap method. A detailed comparison of experiment and theory for the excitation energies, optical gap, and absorption spectrum of C[sub 60] is presented. It is found that electron correlations and correlation of excitations play important roles in accurately assigning the spectral features of C[sub 60], and that the TD-DFT method with nonhybrid functionals or a local spin density approximation leads to more accurate excitation energies than with hybrid functionals. The level of agreement between theory and experiment for C[sub 60] justifies similar calculations of the excitations and optical absorption spectrum of a monomeric azafullerene cation C[sub 59]N[sup +], to serve as a spectroscopy reference for the characterization of carborane anion salts. Although it is an isoelectronic analogue to C[sub 60], C[sub 59]N[sup +] exhibits distinguishing spectral features different from C[sub 60]: (1) the first singlet is dipole-allowed and the optical gap is redshifted by 1.44 eV; (2) several weaker absorption maxima occur in the visible region; (3) the transient triplet–triplet absorption at 1.60 eV (775 nm) is much broader and the decay of the triplet state is much faster. The calculated spectra of C[sub 59]N[sup +] characterize and explain well the measured ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) and transient absorption spectra of the carborane anion salt [C[sub 59]N][Ag(CB[sub 11]H[sub 6]Cl[sub 6])[sub 2]] [Kim et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 4024 (2003)]. For the most stable isomer of C[sub 48]N[sub 12], we predict that the first singlet is dipole-allowed, the optical gap is redshifted by 1.22 eV relative to that of C[sub 60], and optical absorption maxima occur at 585, 528, 443, 363, 340, 314, and 303 nm. We point out that the characterization of the UV–vis and transient absorption spectra of C[sub 48]N[sub 12] isomers is helpful in distinguishing the isomer structures required for applications in molecular electronics. For C[sub 59]N[sup +] and C[sub 48]N[sub 12] as well as C[sub 60], TD-DFT-TB yields reasonable agreement with TD-DFT calculations at a highly reduced cost. Our study suggests that C[sub 60], C[sub 59]N[sup +], and C[sub 48]N[sub 12], which differ in their optical gaps, have potential applications in polymer science, biology, and medicine as single-molecule fluorescent probes, in photovoltaics as the n-type emitter and/or p-type base of a p–n junction solar cell, and in nanoelectronics as fluorescence-based sensors and switches. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - LIGHT absorption
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - EXCITON theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12456913; Rui-Hua Xie 1; Email Address: rhxie@nist.gov Bryant, Garnett W. 1 Guangyu Sun 2 Nicklaus, Marc C. 2 Heringer, David 3 Frauenheim, Th. 3 Manaa, M. Riad 4 Smith Jr., Vedene H. 5 Araki, Yasuyuki 6 Ito, Osamu 6; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland  2: Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, NCI-Frederick, NIH, Frederick, Maryland  3: Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany  4: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energetic Materials Center, 700 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California  5: Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada  6: Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tahoku University, Sendai, Japan; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 11, p5133; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: LIGHT absorption; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1647532
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allesch, Markus
AU  - Schwegler, Eric
AU  - Gygi, François
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - A first principles simulation of rigid water.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5192
EP  - 5198
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present the results of Car–Parrinello (CP) simulations of water at ambient conditions and under pressure, using a rigid molecule approximation. Throughout our calculations, water molecules were maintained at a fixed intramolecular geometry corresponding to the average structure obtained in fully unconstrained simulations. This allows us to use larger time steps than those adopted in ordinary CP simulations of water, and thus to access longer time scales. In the absence of chemical reactions or dissociation effects, these calculations open the way to ab initio simulations of aqueous solutions that require time scales substantially longer than presently feasible (e.g., simulations of hydrophobic solvation). Our results show that structural properties and diffusion coefficients obtained with a rigid model are in better agreement with experiment than those determined with fully flexible simulations. Possible reasons responsible for this improved agreement are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - WATER
KW  - RIGID dynamics
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - RIGIDITY (Geometry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12456906; Allesch, Markus 1,2 Schwegler, Eric 2 Gygi, François Galli, Giulia; Affiliation:  1: Department of Theoretical Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, Graz, Austia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 11, p5192; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: RIGID dynamics; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: RIGIDITY (Geometry); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1647529
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ping Liu
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
T1  - Effects of carbon on the stability and chemical performance of transition metal carbides: A density functional study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5414
EP  - 5423
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Density functional theory was employed to study the stabilities and chemical activities of transition metal carbides. Here we take the well-known Mo carbides and Ti carbides as an example. Different kinds of structures including the bulk surfaces [Mo[sub 2]C(001), MoC(001), and TiC(001)] and metcars [Mo[sub 8]C[sub 12] and Ti[sub 8]C[sub 12]] are taken into consideration. Systematic studies show that by raising the C coordination number of the metal atoms in the carbides, in general the stability of the carbides increases (metcars are an exception since they include both high-coordinated and low-coordinated metal atoms.); at the same time, the chemical activities of the carbides decrease due to a downshift of the metal d-band center (ligand effect). Considering the better catalysts those that combine high stability and moderate chemical activity, our results suggest that the catalytic potential of Mo carbide systems should decrease in the following sequence: Mo[sub 8]C[sub 12]>Mo[sub 2]C(001) or MoC(001)>pure Mo(110). In spite of having the largest C/Mo ratio, the metcar appears as the most attractive system. Our studies also indicate that the “magic” behavior of metcars is not unique for Mo carbides. Similar behavior is also observed for Ti carbides. This implies that nanoparticles like metcar species could exhibit better performances than the corresponding bulk metal carbides as catalysts. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - TRANSITION metal carbides
KW  - STRUCTURAL stability
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 12456881; Ping Liu 1 Rodriguez, José A. 1; Email Address: rodriguez@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: 3/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 11, p5414; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal carbides; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL stability; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1647050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ciszek, T.F.
T1  - Solid-source boron doping of float-zoned silicon
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 264
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
SN  - 00220248
AB  - We report on a solid-source B doping method for float-zone growth that uses nontoxic pyrolytic boron nitride as the source material and has the flexibility to allow step changes in doping concentration during the growth process. Doping concentrations of 6×1016 cm−3 or less (&ges;0.3 Ω-cm resistivity) can be achieved in meter-long crystals without exceeding the solubility limit for N. Shorter crystals can be doped more heavily. The time required to transition from undoped (5000 Ω-cm) growth to a 0.2 Ω-cm uniform doping level is about 3 min. This corresponds to less than 1 cm of growth at 0.3 cm min−1. Doping uniformity is within 9% or better axially and 2% radially. We present and experimentally substantiate model equations for dopant incorporation from a pyrolytic BN solid-source, for B dopant dissipation when the source is removed, and for nitrogen co-dopant incorporation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON nitride
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - A1. doping
KW  - A2. Floating zone technique
KW  - B2. Semiconducting silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 12379311; Ciszek, T.F. 1; Email Address: ted_ciszek@siliconsultant.com; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 264 Issue 1-3, p116; Subject Term: BORON nitride; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Floating zone technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting silicon; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.01.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avila, M.A.
AU  - Bud'ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Anisotropic magnetization, specific heat and resistivity of RFe<f>2</f>Ge<f>2</f> single crystals
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 270
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We have grown RFe<f>2</f>Ge<f>2</f> single crystals for R=Y and ten members of the lanthanide series (Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd–Tm, Lu) using Sn flux as the solvent. The method yields clean, high quality crystal plates as evidenced by residual resistivities and RRR values in the range of 3–12 <f>μΩ</f> cm and 20–90, respectively. The crystals are also virtually free of magnetic impurities or secondary phases, allowing the study of the intrinsic anisotropic magnetic behavior of each compound. Characterization was made with X-Ray diffraction, and temperature and field-dependent magnetization, specific heat and resistivity. Very strong anisotropies arising mostly from CEF effects were observed for all magnetic rare earths except Gd. Antiferromagnetic ordering occurred at temperatures between 16.5 K (Nd) and 1.1 K (Ho) that roughly scale with the de Gennes factor for the heavy rare earths. For some members there is also a lower temperature transition associated with changes in the magnetic structure. Tm did not order down to 0.4 K, and appears to be a van Vleck paramagnet. All members which ordered above 2 K showed a metamagnetic transition at 2 K for fields below 70 kOe. The calculated effective moments per rare earth atom are close to the expected free ion values of <f>R3+</f> except for Sm which displays anomalous behavior in the paramagnetic state. The non-magnetic members of this series (Y, Lu) are characterized by an unusually large electronic specific heat coefficient (<f>γ∼60 mJ/mol K2</f>) and temperature-independent susceptibility term (<f>χ0∼0.003 emu/mol</f>), indicative of a relatively large density of states at the Fermi surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - CRYSTALLINE polymers
KW  - CURVES in engineering
KW  - Electronic transport
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Magnetic measurements
KW  - Magnetically ordered materials
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12149134; Avila, M.A.; Email Address: avila@ameslab.gov Bud'ko, S.L. 1 Canfield, P.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 270 Issue 1/2, p51; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE polymers; Subject Term: CURVES in engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetically ordered materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00672-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Ye, S.L.
AU  - Song, W.H.
AU  - Dai, J.M.
AU  - Wang, K.Y.
AU  - Wang, S.G.
AU  - Zhang, C.L.
AU  - Du, J.J.
AU  - Sun, Y.P.
AU  - Fang, J.
T1  - Reply to the “Comment on papers ‘Effect of Ag substitution on the transport property and magnetoresistance of LaMnO3’ [J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 248 (2002) 26] and ‘Possible magnetic phase separation in Ru doped La0.67Ca0.33’ [J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 257 (2003) 195]”
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 270
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 244
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The author of the comment is too unilateral to associate double-peak behaviour (broad insulator–metal (I–M) transition below the Curie temperature (<f>Tc</f>)) and a sharp one near (<f>Tc</f>) in rare-earth manganese perovskites only with the grain boundaries (GB) effect. Moreover, it is especially confused that the grain-size effect should be necessary to relate with this electronic transport behaviour. In this reply, we provide an argument in support of the statement that inhomogeneous electronic/magnetic phase separation is one of the most important reasons for the double-peak behaviour in the <f>ρ(T)</f> curve. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - CURIE temperature
KW  - Ag-doping
KW  - Grain boundaries (GB) effect
KW  - Inhomogeneity
KW  - Insulator–metal transition
KW  - Phase separation (PS)
N1  - Accession Number: 12149160; Ye, S.L. 1,2 Song, W.H. 1,2 Dai, J.M. 1,2 Wang, K.Y. 1,2 Wang, S.G. 1,2 Zhang, C.L. 1,2 Du, J.J. 1,2 Sun, Y.P. 1,3; Email Address: ypsun@issp.ac.cn Fang, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Solid State Physics, Key Lab of Internal Friction and Defects in Solids, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 1129, 230031 Hefei, People's Republic of China  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 230031 Hefei, People's Republic of China  3: Key Lab of Structure Research, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 270 Issue 1/2, p244; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: CURIE temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ag-doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries (GB) effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhomogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulator–metal transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase separation (PS); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.08.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nair, B. G.
AU  - Singh, J. P.
AU  - Grimsditch, M.
T1  - Stress analysis in thermal barrier coatings subjected to long-term exposure in simulated turbine conditions.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2043
EP  - 2051
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - In recent years, ruby fluorescence spectroscopy has been demonstrated as a powerful technique for monitoring residual stress evolution in the thermally grown oxide scale in thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems. The measured residual stresses, in turn, can be used to monitor evolution of damage in the coatings. Effective use of this technology for real-time damage monitoring requires the identification of trends in measured stresses that can be used as indicators of damage evolution. The present work focuses on studying the evolution of residual stresses in TBC systems during long-term exposure to turbine operating conditions. The coatings are electron beam physical vapor deposited (EBPVD) and atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) zirconia. The stress evolution in both EBPVD and APS coatings is analytically modeled by an approach that takes into consideration contributions due to both thermal mismatch and oxide growth. Microstructural changes in the TBC system are correlated with measured stress trends through comparison with the modeled stresses. The stress measurements and modeling provide insight into failure modes and mechanisms, and to identify critical features in the measured stress data that can be used as indicators of failure in TBCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - TURBINES
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
N1  - Accession Number: 16622887; Nair, B. G. 1 Singh, J. P. 1; Email Address: jpsingh@anl.gov Grimsditch, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p2043; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: TURBINES; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burnham, Christian J.
AU  - Xantheas, Sotiris S.
T1  - On the importance of zero-point effects in molecular level classical simulations of water
JO  - Journal of Molecular Liquids
JF  - Journal of Molecular Liquids
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 110
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
SN  - 01677322
AB  - We discuss the fundamental difficulties involved in comparing energetic results obtained via classical simulations of bulk water with the observed values. Emphasis is placed on the difference between quantum and classical dynamics, and correction techniques, which can be used to emulate quantum effects in a classical system, are investigated. We present molecular dynamics simulation results for liquid water using the ‘Thole-type’ all atom polarizable water model, which has previously been shown to give reasonable results for both ice Ih and small water clusters. We employ expressions for the density of states power spectrum in the liquid in either atomic or rigid-body coordinates that are appropriate for rigid molecule simulations. It is demonstrated that the atomic power spectra can be written as a linear combination of the center of mass and rotational power spectra via the use of the ‘coupling matrix’ of linear coefficients. This approach allows us to introduce the concept of ‘fractional degrees of freedom’ (DOF) for nuclei in rigid molecule simulation. Within this framework, it is illustrated that in a rigid water molecule the oxygen and hydrogen atoms have 2.82 and 1.59 DOF, respectively (for the TIP4P geometry). Within our suggested approach, we finally demonstrate that Debye–Waller factors can be obtained from the coupling matrix and show that quantum corrections to the structure can be accounted for by raising the temperature of the system in a classical simulation by approximately 50°, a result consistent with previous suggestions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Liquids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Potential energy
KW  - Quantum effect
KW  - Zero-point energy
N1  - Accession Number: 12235672; Burnham, Christian J. 1 Xantheas, Sotiris S.; Email Address: sotiris.xantheas@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K1-83, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 110 Issue 1-3, p177; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potential energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zero-point energy; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.molliq.2003.09.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
AU  - Rozhkova, E.
AU  - Besser, M.F.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
T1  - Meta-stable quasicrystal formation in vitrified and solid state synthesized amorphous Zr-based alloys
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 334-335
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Amorphous Zr70Pd30, Zr70Pd20Cu10, Zr80Pt20, Zr70Pt20Cu10, and Zr57Ti8Nb2.5Cu3.9Ni1.1Al7.5 alloys were prepared by melt spinning and mechanical milling to compare their devitrification behaviors. The melt-spun ribbons transform from an amorphous structure to a meta-stable quasicrystalline phase. This amorphous-to-quasicrystalline transition is not observed in amorphous powders obtained by mechanical milling. Since the mechanical milling process does not involve direct liquid phase formation of an amorphous structure, it is inferred that in the absence of the short-range order obtained directly from the liquid, meta-stable quasicrystalline phase formation is not energetically favored in these Zr-based metallic glasses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - GLASS-ceramics
N1  - Accession Number: 12245151; Sordelet, D.J.; Email Address: sordelet@ameslab.gov Rozhkova, E. 1 Besser, M.F. 1 Kramer, M.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 334-335, p263; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: GLASS-ceramics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.11.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edagawa, K.
AU  - Suzuki, K.
AU  - Mandal, P.
AU  - Takeuchi, S.
T1  - Thermal phason fluctuation in an Al–Cu–Co decagonal quasicrystal
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 334-335
M3  - Article
SP  - 298
SN  - 00223093
AB  - In situ high-temperature, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has been performed on an Al–Cu–Co decagonal quasicrystal, to investigate thermal phason fluctuations. The changing tiling pattern with elapsed time in the HRTEM image has been analyzed, and the spatial and temporal variations of the phason field have been deduced. In the temporal variation, abrupt and discrete changes have been observed in addition to smooth and continuous ones. The degrees of the spatial and temporal correlations of the phason fluctuation have been evaluated, both of which decrease continuously with increasing distance and time, respectively. The results have been discussed in light of the random tiling model of the quasicrystal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - TILING (Mathematics)
KW  - 61.72.Ff
N1  - Accession Number: 12245158; Edagawa, K. 1; Email Address: edagawa@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp Suzuki, K. 1 Mandal, P. 1,2 Takeuchi, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Roppongi, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan  2: Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Technology, Science University of Tokyo, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 334-335, p298; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: TILING (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Ff; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.11.061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12245158&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrow, Jack A.
AU  - Lemieux, Melbourne C.
AU  - Cook, Bruce A.
AU  - Ross, Amy R.
AU  - Tsukruk, Vladimir V.
AU  - Canfield, Paul C.
AU  - Sordelet, Daniel J.
T1  - Micro-surface and bulk thermal behavior of a single-grain decagonal Al–Ni–Co quasicrystal
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 334-335
M3  - Article
SP  - 312
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Scanning thermal microscopy is used to examine the thermal behavior of specific surfaces of a ∼0.8 cm3 single-grain Al74Ni10Co16 decagonal quasicrystal. The response of a micro-thermal probe in contact with aperiodic and periodic surfaces in air reveals the anisotropic heat flow of the decagonal structure. Heat dissipation with the probe on the aperiodic surface is higher than when the probe is on the periodic surface. While the SThM technique is generally considered to be constrained to the surface region below the nominally 2–5 μm probe tip radius, the heat flow data obtained are clearly comprised of contributions from both the lateral surface around the probe tip and a volume normal to the surface in contact. Heat flow in the decagonal Al74Ni10Co16 quasicrystal can be modeled by an elliptical distribution of thermal diffusion. Parameters for the model used in this study were obtained by making bulk thermal diffusivity measurements using the laser flash method on specimens along the 2- and 10-fold directions. The model was applied to a surface oriented 45° to the major axes and verified from bulk measurements obtained from a sample cut along this orientation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12245161; Barrow, Jack A. 1,2 Lemieux, Melbourne C. 3 Cook, Bruce A. 3,4 Ross, Amy R. 3,4 Tsukruk, Vladimir V. 3 Canfield, Paul C. 5,6 Sordelet, Daniel J. 3,4; Email Address: sordelet@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Chemistry Program, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  4: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA  5: Condensed Matter Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA  6: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 334-335, p312; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.11.064
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12245161&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jenks, Cynthia J.
AU  - Bjergaard, Jennifer
AU  - Canfield, Paul
AU  - Ross, Amy R.
AU  - Steurer, Walter
AU  - Thiel, Patricia A.
T1  - Experimental evidence of the stability of net planes in decagonal quasicrystals
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 334-335
M3  - Article
SP  - 486
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Because of the aperiodic nature of quasicrystals, lattice planes, in the traditional sense, do not exist for quasicrystals. For decagonal quasicrystals, it has been proposed, however, that one can link the aperiodic and periodic directions using what are termed net planes [Acta Crystallogr. A 57 (2001) 333]. These net planes are thought to play a critical role in the stability and growth of decagonal quasicrystals. To explore their potential role during growth and to shed light on their structural stability, we have studied single-grain surfaces of decagonal Al–Ni–Co by low energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy. Our results suggest that these planes do indeed have special stability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - TUNNELING spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12245196; Jenks, Cynthia J. 1; Email Address: cjenks@iastate.edu Bjergaard, Jennifer 1 Canfield, Paul 2 Ross, Amy R. 3 Steurer, Walter 4 Thiel, Patricia A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  4: Laboratory of Crystallography, ETH-Zürich, CH-8006 Zürich, Switzerland; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 334-335, p486; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: TUNNELING spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.12.028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12245196&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, Fuxiao
AU  - Bischoff, Maarten
AU  - Ross, Amy R.
AU  - Lograsso, Thomas A.
AU  - van Kempen, Herman
AU  - Janssen, Ted
T1  - SEM and AFM studies of a 5-fold surface of icosahedral AlPdMn
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 334-335
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
SN  - 00223093
AB  - A 5-fold surface of the icosahedral AlPdMn (i-AlPdMn) quasicrystal (QC) was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) under ambient conditions. We show that a very complicated inhomogeneous surface morphology may develop on the 5-fold surface prepared by ion sputtering and annealing cycles in UHV. Sputtering and sublimation both contribute to material removal on the surface. The sublimation takes place at the annealing temperature at sites of surface defects induced by mechanical polishing and sputtering in UHV. The surface is characterized by nano-sized clusters of about 40 nm in size which form terraces. Results give further evidence for the cluster-based structure of the i-AlPdMn QC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ICOSAHEDRA
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12245198; Yu, Fuxiao 1 Bischoff, Maarten 1 Ross, Amy R. 2 Lograsso, Thomas A. 2 van Kempen, Herman 1 Janssen, Ted 1; Email Address: ted@sci.kun.nl; Affiliation:  1: Research Institute for Materials, University of Nijmegen, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Toernooiveld 1, Nijmegen 6525 ED, The Netherlands  2: Metal and Ceramic Sciences, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 334-335, p495; Subject Term: ICOSAHEDRA; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.12.029
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12245198&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Farrell, K.
T1  - Irradiation hardening behavior of polycrystalline metals after low temperature irradiation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 326
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Irradiation hardening behaviors of body-centered cubic (bcc), face-centered cubic (fcc), and hexagonal close-packed (hcp) alloys and pure metals were characterized after neutron, or proton and neutron irradiations at low temperatures (&les;200 °C). In the regression analysis, the radiation-induced increase in yield stress, <f>ΔσYS</f>, was expressed in the form of a power law: <f>ΔσYS=h(dpa)n</f>, where <f>h</f> and <f>n</f> are the regression coefficients and dpa is displacements per atom. The log–log plots of <f>ΔσYS</f> vs. dpa data showed two distinctive regimes: a low-dose regime where a rapid hardening occurs and a high-dose regime where the log–log plot shows a considerably reduced slope. Mean values for <f>n</f> obtained from the 19 metals were about 0.5 for the low-dose regime and about 0.12 for the high-dose regime. Some ductile metals like Fe, Cu and Zr displayed lower <f>h</f> and <f>n</f> values. Doses to reach the regime of reduced irradiation hardening, <f>DS</f>, were in the range 0.003–0.07 dpa. Comparisons between radiation effect parameters led to a conclusion that the transition from the low-dose to the high-dose regime in irradiation hardening occurs either when the tensile specimen undergoes prompt plastic instability at yield or when saturation of defect cluster density occurs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - IRON
KW  - COPPER
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 12379382; Byun, T.S.; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov Farrell, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 326 Issue 2/3, p86; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.12.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12379382&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snead, Lance L.
T1  - Low-temperature low-dose neutron irradiation effects on beryllium
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 326
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Mechanical property results are presented for high quality beryllium materials subjected to low-temperature, low-dose neutron irradiation in water-moderated reactors. Materials chosen were the S-65C ITER candidate material produced by Brush Wellman, Kawecki Berylco Industries P0 beryllium, and a high-purity zone refined beryllium. Mini-sheet tensile and thermal diffusivity specimens were irradiated in the temperature range of ∼100–300 °C with a fast (<f>E>0.1</f> MeV) neutron fluence of 0.05–1.0 × 1025 n/m2 in the high flux isotope reactor (HFIR) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the high flux beam reactor (HFBR) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. As expected from earlier work on beryllium, both materials underwent significant tensile embrittlement with corresponding reduction in ductility and increased strength. Both thermal diffusivity and volumetric expansion were measured and found to have negligible changes in this temperature and fluence range. Of significance from this work is that while both materials rapidly embrittle at these ITER relevant irradiation conditions, some ductility (1–2%) remains, which contrasts with a body of earlier work including recent work on the Brush-Wellman S-65C material irradiated to slightly higher neutron fluence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
N1  - Accession Number: 12379387; Snead, Lance L. 1; Email Address: sneadll@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6140, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 326 Issue 2/3, p114; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.12.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12379387&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rest, J.
T1  - A model for the influence of microstructure, precipitate pinning and fission gas behavior on irradiation-induced recrystallization of nuclear fuels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 326
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Irradiation-induced recrystallization appears to be a general phenomenon in that it is observed to occur in a variety of nuclear fuel types, e.g. U–<f>x</f>Mo, UO2, and U3O8. For temperatures below that where significant thermal annealing of defects occurs, an expression is derived for the fission density at which irradiation-induced recrystallization is initiated that is athermal and weakly dependent on fission rate. The initiation of recrystallization is to be distinguished from the subsequent progression and eventual consumption of the original fuel grain. The formulation takes into account the observed microstructural evolution of the fuel, the role of precipitate pinning and fission gas bubbles, and the triggering event for recrystallization. The calculated dislocation density, fission gas bubble-size distribution, and fission density at which recrystallization first appears are compared to measured quantities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - FISSION gases
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 12379394; Rest, J. 1; Email Address: jrest@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology-212, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 326 Issue 2/3, p175; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: FISSION gases; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.01.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12379394&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Jinsuo
AU  - Li, Ning
T1  - Corrosion/precipitation in non-isothermal and multi-modular LBE loop systems
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 326
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Precise simulations of all hydrodynamic conditions encountered in practical lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) coolant loop systems by use of flowing conditions in the laboratory are difficult and expensive, if not impossible. Therefore it is important and necessary to develop corrosion models to predict corrosion behaviors at the design stage of practical LBE coolant systems and to properly interpret and apply experimental results from test loops. In the present study, we extended a kinetic corrosion model for a simple LBE loop to a model for a loop with multiple modules to include effects of geometry variations. The model is applied to an ideal loop with contractions and expansions and a test loop named ‘DELTA’ set up in the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Analyses show the combined effects of the axial geometry variations and the axial temperature profile on the corrosion/precipitation distribution in the entire loop. The present study illustrates systematically different dependence of corrosion behaviors on the hydraulic factors in an open pipe flow, a simple loop flow and a multi-modular loop flow. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - LEAD-bismuth alloys
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - LEAD alloys
KW  - BISMUTH alloys
KW  - MATERIALS -- Deterioration
N1  - Accession Number: 12379397; Zhang, Jinsuo; Email Address: jzhang@cnls.lanl.gov Li, Ning 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Center for Non-linear Studies, CNLS, MS-B258, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 326 Issue 2/3, p201; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: LEAD-bismuth alloys; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: LEAD alloys; Subject Term: BISMUTH alloys; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Deterioration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.01.013
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12379397&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pandey, Siddharth
AU  - Fletcher, Kristin A.
AU  - Baker, Sheila N.
AU  - Baker, Gary A.
AU  - DeLuca, Joseph
AU  - Fennie, Michael F.
AU  - O’Sullivan, Mary C.
T1  - Solution aggregation of anti-trypanosomal N-(2-naphthylmethyl)ated polyamines
JO  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 162
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
SN  - 10106030
AB  - Trypanosomatidae parasites are responsible for many human and animal diseases including African sleeping sickness, Chagas’ disease, and Nagana cattle disease. Since current treatment of trypanosome infections is difficult and often ineffective in controlling the chronic phases of these diseases, more effective anti-trypanosomal drugs are urgently needed. One class of polyamines containing hydrophobic side chains shows promise. However, conformational information regarding their interaction with the target enzyme trypanothione reductase has yet to be obtained. As prelude to such studies, we have made preliminary studies of novel spermine and spermidine analogs bearing one or two N-substituted 2-naphthylmethyl groups dissolved in aqueous solution. Our studies suggest the pH-dependent formation of fluorescent aggregates involving either the encounter of two excited-state naphthyl groups (“excimer”) or formation of an excited-state complex (“exciplex”) formed as a consequence of amine-to-naphthyl electron transfer. These spectral changes may be used to explore the mechanism by which N-(2-naphthylmethyl) polyamine analogs exert their toxic effects toward the design of improved candidates for anti-trypanosomal chemotherapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - POLYAMINES
KW  - SPERMINE
KW  - SPERMIDINE
KW  - Excimer
KW  - Exciplex
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Naphthyl
KW  - pH
KW  - Polyamines
KW  - Spermidine
KW  - Spermine
N1  - Accession Number: 12378193; Pandey, Siddharth 1; Email Address: pandey@nmt.edu Fletcher, Kristin A. 1 Baker, Sheila N. 2 Baker, Gary A. 2 DeLuca, Joseph 3 Fennie, Michael F. 3 O’Sullivan, Mary C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry and Bioscience Divisions, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Canisius College, 2001 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14208, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 162 Issue 2/3, p387; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: POLYAMINES; Subject Term: SPERMINE; Subject Term: SPERMIDINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excimer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exciplex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Naphthyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: pH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyamines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spermidine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spermine; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00380-0
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhan
AU  - C.-G.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
T1  - Hydration of the Fluoride Anion:  Structures and Absolute Hydration Free Energy from First-Principles Electronic Structure Calculations.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2020
EP  - 2029
SN  - 10895639
AB  - A series of first-principles electronic structure calculations have been performed to determine the most stable structures of F-(H2O)n clusters (n = 4, 8, 12, and 16) and the hydration free energy of fluoride anion (F-). The calculated results show that a new, tetrahedrally coordinated fluoride anion hydration structure F-(H2O)4 cluster is lower in Gibbs free energy than the previously considered most stable structure of F-(H2O)4. The first ab initio prediction of potential stable hydration structures for F-(H2O)n clusters (n = 8, 12, and 16) are given. The energetic results show that the tetrahedrally coordinated fluoride anion hydration structure becomes more stable as compared to the other hydration structures with a pyramidal coordination, i.e., a surface ion cluster state, as the cluster size increases from n = 8 to n = 12 to n = 16. This suggests that, with increasing n, the fluoride anion will be internally solvated in large enough F-(H2O)n clusters. These results provide insight into the transition from the hydration structure found in small gas-phase hydrated-anion clusters to the hydration structure observed in aqueous solution. The calculated results show that, for a given n, the bulk solvent effects can qualitatively change the relative thermodynamic stability of different possible isomers of F-(H2O)n clusters and the most stable structure in solution is not necessarily the most stable structure in the gas phase. When n = 16, a pyramidally coordinated fluoride anion hydration structure is the most stable structure in the gas phase, whereas a tetrahedrally coordinated fluoride anion hydration structure has the lowest free energy in solution. The absolute hydration free energy of fluoride anion in aqueous solution, ΔGhyd298(F-), is predicted to be -104.3 ± 0.7 kcal/mol by using a reliable computational protocol of first-principles solvation-included electronic structure calculations. The predicted ΔGhyd298(F-) value of -104.3 ± 0.7 kcal/mol, together with our previously calculated ΔGhyd298(H+) value of -262.4 kcal/mol determined by using the same computational protocol, gives ΔGhyd298(F-) + ΔGhyd298(H+) = -366.7 ± 0.7 kcal/mol in excellent agreement with the value of -366.5 kcal/mol derived from the available experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ENTHALPY
N1  - Accession Number: 12529715; Zhan C.-G. 1 Dixon D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K9-90, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 11, p2020; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuhmann, Shawn E.
AU  - Pugach, Pavel
AU  - Kunstman, Kevin J.
AU  - Taylor, Joann
AU  - Stanfield, Robyn L.
AU  - Snyder, Amy
AU  - Strizki, Julie M.
AU  - Riley, Janice
AU  - Baroudy, Bahige M.
AU  - Wilson, Ian A.
AU  - Korber, Bette T.
AU  - Wolinsky, Steven M.
AU  - Moore, John P.
T1  - Genetic and Phenotypic Analyses of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Escape from a Small-Molecule CCR5 Inhibitor.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2790
EP  - 2807
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - We have described previously the generation of an escape variant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), under the selection pressure of AD101, a small molecule inhibitor that binds the CCR5 coreceptor (A. Trkola, S. E. Kuhmann, J. M. Strizki, E. Maxwell, T. Ketas, T. Morgan, P. Pugach, S. X. L. Wojcik, J. Tagat, A. Palani, S. Shapiro, J. W. Clader, S. McCombie, G. R. Reyes, B. M. Baroudy, and J. P. Moore, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99:395-400, 2002). The escape mutant, CC101.19, continued to use CCR5 for entry, but it was at least 20,000-fold more resistant to AD101 than the parental virus, CC1/85. We have now cloned the env genes from the the parental and escape mutant isolates and made chimeric infectious molecular clones that fully recapitulate the phenotypes of the corresponding isolates. Sequence analysis of the evolution of the escape mutants suggested that the most relevant changes were likely to be in the V3 loop of the gp120 glycoprotein. We therefore made a series of mutant viruses and found that full AD101 resistance was conferred by four amino acid changes in V3. Each change individually caused partial resistance when they were introduced into the V3 loop of a CC1/85 clone, but their impact was dependent on the gp120 context in which they were made. We assume that these amino acid changes alter how the HIV-1 Env complex interacts with CCR5. Perhaps unexpectedly, given the complete dependence of the escape mutant on CCR5 for entry, monomeric gp120 proteins expressed from clones of the fully resistant isolate failed to bind to CCR5 on the surface of L1.2-CCR5 cells under conditions where gp120 proteins from the parental virus and a partially AD101-resistant virus bound strongly. Hence, the full impact of the V3 substitutions may only be apparent at the level of the native Env complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - CELL receptors
KW  - HOST-virus relationships
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - NATURAL selection
N1  - Accession Number: 12798598; Kuhmann, Shawn E. 1 Pugach, Pavel 1 Kunstman, Kevin J. 2 Taylor, Joann 2 Stanfield, Robyn L. 3 Snyder, Amy 1 Strizki, Julie M. 4 Riley, Janice 4 Baroudy, Bahige M. 4 Wilson, Ian A. 3 Korber, Bette T. 5,6 Wolinsky, Steven M. 2 Moore, John P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York  2: Department of Medicine, The Feinberg Medical School, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois  3: Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California  4: Schering Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey  5: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  6: Santa Fe Institute, New Mexico; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 78 Issue 6, p2790; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: CELL receptors; Subject Term: HOST-virus relationships; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: NATURAL selection; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.6.2790-2807.2004
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radovic, M.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, E.
AU  - Riester, L.
T1  - Comparison of different experimental techniques for determination of elastic properties of solids
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 368
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Four different experimental techniques, namely resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS), impulse excitation (IE), nanoindentation (NI) and four-point bending (4PB) test were used to determine the Young’s and shear moduli of 99.9% pure Al2O3, 7075 aluminum, 4140 steel and Pyrex glass. The results from the different tests are compared and statistically analyzed to determine the precision of each method and to estimate the significance of the differences among the four techniques. It was found that dynamic methods (RUS and IE) have superior precision and repeatability when compared to NI and 4PB for all four tested materials. It was also found that the differences between results of RUS and IE are not statistically significant, and that NI can be equally successfully used for determining Young’s modulus of well-prepared, microstructurally homogenous and relatively hard materials. 4PB was found to have the lowest precision and repeatability among the four test methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy
KW  - PYREX
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - HARD materials
KW  - Elastic properties
KW  - Four-point bending
KW  - Impulse excitation
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12309030; Radovic, M.; Email Address: radovicm@ornl.gov Lara-Curzio, E. 1 Riester, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 368 Issue 1/2, p56; Subject Term: RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy; Subject Term: PYREX; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: HARD materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Four-point bending; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impulse excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.09.080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dullin, H.R.
AU  - Gottwald, G.A.
AU  - Holm, D.D.
T1  - On asymptotically equivalent shallow water wave equations
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 190
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 01672789
AB  - The integrable third-order Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation emerges uniquely at linear order in the asymptotic expansion for unidirectional shallow water waves. However, at quadratic order, this asymptotic expansion produces an entire family of shallow water wave equations that are asymptotically equivalent to each other, under a group of nonlinear, non-local, normal-form transformations introduced by Kodama in combination with the application of the Helmholtz-operator. These Kodama–Helmholtz (KH) transformations are used to present connections between shallow water waves, the integrable fifth-order KdV equation, and a generalization of the Camassa–Holm (CH) equation that contains an additional integrable case. The dispersion relation of the full water wave problem and any equation in this family agree to fifth order. The travelling wave solutions of the CH equation are shown to agree to fifth order with the exact solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASYMPTOTES
KW  - WATER waves
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - QUADRATIC equations
KW  - 05.45.Yv
KW  - Asymptotics
KW  - Korteweg–de Vries equation
KW  - Water wave equations
N1  - Accession Number: 12236889; Dullin, H.R. 1,2; Email Address: h.r.dullin@lboro.ac.uk Gottwald, G.A. 3; Email Address: gottwald@maths.usyd.edu.au Holm, D.D. 4,5; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematical Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK  2: Fachbereich Physik, Universität Bremen, D-28334 Bremen, Germany  3: Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia  4: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Mathematics Department, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 190 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTES; Subject Term: WATER waves; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUADRATIC equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: 05.45.Yv; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asymptotics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Korteweg–de Vries equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water wave equations; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2003.11.004
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Kung, H.
AU  - Embury, J.D.
T1  - Preface to the viewpoint set on: deformation and stability of nanoscale metallic multilayers
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 707
SN  - 13596462
AB  - This article serves as an introduction to the following viewpoint set of 18 articles that include both experimental and theory/modeling studies on a variety of issues related to plastic deformation, and mechanical, thermal or phase stability of nanoscale layered materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Multilayer thin films
KW  - Multilayers
KW  - Nanocrystalline materials
N1  - Accession Number: 11968163; Misra, A. 1; Email Address: amisra@lanl.gov Kung, H. 2 Embury, J.D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Present address: US Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA  3: McMaster University, Canada; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p707; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayer thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline materials; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Kurtz, R.J.
AU  - Henager Jr., C.H.
T1  - Slip resistance of interfaces and the strength of metallic multilayer composites
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
SN  - 13596462
AB  - We have employed atomic simulations to compute the resistance to glide posed by two kinds of interfaces: coherent and semicoherent interfaces, and incoherent interfaces. Both kinds offer significant resistance to crossing of glide dislocations but for different reasons. We discuss the implication of the results of the atomistic calculations to the strength of multilayer composites and show that a simple prediction can be made for the upper bound strength of coherent systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - COHERENCE (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Atomic simulation
KW  - Coherency
KW  - Composites
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Strength
N1  - Accession Number: 11968176; Hoagland, R.G. 1; Email Address: hoagland@lanl.gov Kurtz, R.J. 2 Henager Jr., C.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology, MS G755 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p775; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strength; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.059
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Yu-Zhang, K.
T1  - Transmission electron microscopy study of metallic multilayers
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) becomes a necessary and routine technique in the examination of texture, epitaxy, metastable phases and interface structures in metallic multilayers. This paper presents a viewpoint of study of the structures in both micro and atomic scales by various TEM techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - Interface
KW  - Metastable phase
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Multiplayer
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 11968177; Han, K. 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu Yu-Zhang, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory/FSU, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: DTI/UMR 6107 CNRS, Université de Reims, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims cedex 02, France; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p781; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metastable phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiplayer; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirth, J.P.
T1  - Effects of coherency on diffusivity in multilayers
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 793
SN  - 13596462
AB  - In coherent multilayers, the remote spacing of vacancy sources and sinks indicates that Darken’s equations no longer apply. Under these circumstances, after a transient, the diffusivity should drop to that of the slower diffusing component. The magnitude of this effect in comparison with other effects that can retard diffusivity such as sink efficiency and internal stress fields, is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COHERENCE (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Coherency
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Multilayers
N1  - Accession Number: 11968179; Hirth, J.P. 1; Email Address: jphmdh@theriver.com; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p793; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mara, N.
AU  - Sergueeva, A.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Mukherjee, A.K.
T1  - Structure and high-temperature mechanical behavior relationship in nano-scaled multilayered materials
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 803
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The microstructure and high temperature mechanical properties of polycrystalline Cu–Nb nanolayered composites prepared by magnetron sputtering were evaluated. Peak tensile strength decreased from ∼450 MPa at 500 °C to ∼150 MPa at 700 °C for 75 nm Cu-75 nm Nb multilayer. Evidences of interlayer sliding upon tensile deformation were detected, but nanolayered structures were stable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - COPPER
KW  - MAGNETRONS
KW  - Copper/niobium
KW  - High-temperature mechanical properties
KW  - Multilayers
KW  - Nanoscale
N1  - Accession Number: 11968181; Mara, N. 1; Email Address: namara@ucdavis.edu Sergueeva, A. 1 Misra, A. 2 Mukherjee, A.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p803; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: MAGNETRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper/niobium; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoscale; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.051
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chuvil’deev, V.N.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Gryaznov, M.Yu.
AU  - Sysoev, A.N.
AU  - Kopylov, V.I.
T1  - Low-temperature superplasticity and internal friction in microcrystalline Mg alloys processed by ECAP
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Excellent low-temperature superplasticity (<300 °C) was observed in the ECAP-processed materials: elongations to failure are 810% and 570% at a strain rate of 3 × 10−3 s−1 for ZK60 and AZ91 alloys, respectively. Internal friction can be practically used to determine the optimum temperature for superplasticity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERPLASTICITY
KW  - STRAIN hardening
KW  - INTERNAL friction
KW  - METALS -- Ductility
KW  - Internal friction
KW  - Low-temperature superplasticity
KW  - Mg alloys
KW  - Severe plastic deformation
N1  - Accession Number: 11968193; Chuvil’deev, V.N. 1 Nieh, T.G. 2; Email Address: nieh1@llnl.gov Gryaznov, M.Yu. 1 Sysoev, A.N. 1 Kopylov, V.I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Research Physical & Technical Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State University, 23/3 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-350, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA  3: Physical–Technical Institute of National Academy of Science, Kuprievicha Str. 10, Minsk 220141, Belarus; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 50 Issue 6, p861; Subject Term: SUPERPLASTICITY; Subject Term: STRAIN hardening; Subject Term: INTERNAL friction; Subject Term: METALS -- Ductility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-temperature superplasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mg alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Severe plastic deformation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.12.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnard, Patrick L.
AU  - Owen, Lewis A.
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
T1  - Style and timing of glacial and paraglacial sedimentation in a monsoon-influenced high Himalayan environment, the upper Bhagirathi Valley, Garhwal Himalaya
JO  - Sedimentary Geology
JF  - Sedimentary Geology
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 165
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 00370738
AB  - The Gangotri Glacier, at the source of the Ganges River, has fluctuated greatly throughout the late Quaternary in response to climatic oscillations. This has resulted in impressive moraines, paraglacial debris flow fans and terraces along the upper stretches of the Bhagirathi Valley. Cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) dating of glacial and paraglacial landforms shows that fans, terraces and associated moraines formed approximately synchronously as the landscape readjusted to changing environmental conditions. This synchronicity suggests that fan and terrace formation is intimately related to glaciation, and that fluctuations in glacial and associated environments during times of climatic instability cause rapid sediment transfer and resedimentation of glacial landforms. The CRN dates show that all existing glacial and paraglacial landforms in the upper Bhagirathi Valley formed during the late Pleistocene and Holocene. This demonstrates that, in this high mountain environment, paraglacial and glacial landforms are eroded and resedimented within about 20,000 years. Furthermore, this testifies to the dynamic nature of glacial environments in monsoon-influenced high mountain regions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sedimentary Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLACIAL landforms
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - MOUNTAINS
KW  - Climate
KW  - Cosmogenic radionuclide dating
KW  - Gangotri glacier
KW  - Himalaya
KW  - Paraglaciation
N1  - Accession Number: 12434525; Barnard, Patrick L. 1,2; Email Address: pbarnard@usgs.gov Owen, Lewis A. 1 Finkel, Robert C. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, MS L202, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 165 Issue 3/4, p199; Subject Term: GLACIAL landforms; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: MOUNTAINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmogenic radionuclide dating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gangotri glacier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Himalaya; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paraglaciation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2003.11.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Donnet, C.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
T1  - Historical developments and new trends in tribological and solid lubricant coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/03/15/
VL  - 180-181
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 02578972
AB  - In recent years, several new solid lubricant and modern lubrication concepts have been developed to achieve better lubricity and longer wear life in demanding tribological applications. Most of the traditional solid lubricants were prepared in the form of metal, ceramic and polymer-matrix composites. They have been used successfully in various engineering applications. Recent progress in thin-film deposition technologies has led to the synthesis of new generations of adaptative, self-lubricating coatings with composite or multilayered architectures, by using duplex/multiplex surface treatments. These modern self-lubricating coatings progressively make their way into the commercial marketplace and meet the ever-increasing performance demands of more severe applications. The present paper reviews our recent understanding of the lubrication mechanisms of both traditional and new solid lubricants, with particular emphasis on solid lubricant methods and practices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUBRICATION & lubricants
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - POLYMERIC composites
KW  - Friction
KW  - Solid lubricants
KW  - Tribological coatings
KW  - Wear
N1  - Accession Number: 12710065; Donnet, C. 1; Email Address: christophe.donnet@univ-st-etienne.fr Erdemir, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Université Jean Monnet, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et Instrumentation UMR 5516, Bat. F, 10 rue Barroin, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 180-181, p76; Subject Term: LUBRICATION & lubricants; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: POLYMERIC composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid lubricants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tribological coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.10.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yingying Huang, Kaoru
AU  - Triscari, Joseph M.
AU  - Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana
AU  - Anderson, Gordon A.
AU  - Lipton, Mary S.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Wysochki, Vicki H.
T1  - Dissociation Behavior of Doubly-Charged Tryptic Peptides: Correlation of Gas-Phase Cleavage Abundance with Ramachandran Plots.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/17/
VL  - 126
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3034
EP  - 3035
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents the great variability in relative cleavage efficiencies between different amino acid residue combinations in doubly protonated gas-phase peptides. This variability is dominated by enhanced or suppressed cleavage at those residues (Gly, Pro, prePro) that have Ramachandran &b.psi, &b.phis plots that differ from the general case. For nonaliphatic side chains, enhancement or suppression of cleavage provides insight on possible intramolecular chemical interactions. Using results of this type to guide both experimental studies of fragmentation of model peptides and computational modeling of fragmentation transition states will allow a more complete knowledge of unimolecular dissociation and its correlation to conformational constraints to be obtained.
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - GLYCINE
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12911795; Yingying Huang, Kaoru 1 Triscari, Joseph M. 2 Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana 3 Anderson, Gordon A. 3 Lipton, Mary S. 3 Smith, Richard D. 3 Wysochki, Vicki H. 1; Email Address: vwysocki@u.arizona.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.  2: Science Application International Corporation, Tucson, Arizona.  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.; Source Info: 3/17/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 10, p3034; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: GLYCINE; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yousung Jung
AU  - Heine, Thomas
AU  - Schleyer, Paul V. R.
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - Aromaticity of Four-Membered-Ring 6-Electron Systems: N2S2 and Li2C4H4.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/17/
VL  - 126
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3132
EP  - 3138
SN  - 00027863
AB  - N2S2 is a four-membered-ring system with 6π electrons. While earlier proposals considered N2S2 to be aromatic, recent electronic structure calculations claimed that N2S2 is a singlet diradical. Our careful reexamination does not support this assertion. N2S2 is closed shell and aromatic since it satisfies all three generally accepted criteria for aromaticity: energetic (stability), structural (planarity with equal bond lengths), and magnetic (negative nucleus-independent chemical shift due to the π electrons). These characteristics as well as the electronic structure of N2S2 are compared with those for an isoelectronic π system, Li2C2H2, motivated by theoretical and recent experimental investigations that confirmed its aromaticity. However, N2S2 and Li2C4H4 are both essentially 2π-electron aromatic systems with a formal N-S (C-C) bond order of 1.25 even though they both have 6π electrons. This is because four of the six π electrons occupy the nonbonding π HOMOs and only two electrons participate effectively in the aromatic stabilization. However, wave function analysis shows relatively large LUMO occupation numbers; this antibonding effect can be said to reduce the aromatic character by approximately 7% and 4% for N2S2 and Li2C4H4, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AROMATICITY (Chemistry)
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - ISOELECTRIC focusing
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12911821; Yousung Jung 1 Heine, Thomas 2 Schleyer, Paul V. R. 3 Head-Gordon, Martin 1; Email Address: mhg@bastille.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.  2: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry.  3: University of Georgia.; Source Info: 3/17/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 10, p3132; Subject Term: AROMATICITY (Chemistry); Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: ISOELECTRIC focusing; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tran, D.N.
AU  - Aardahl, C.L.
AU  - Rappe, K.G.
AU  - Park, P.W.
AU  - Boyer, C.L.
T1  - Reduction of NOx by plasma-facilitated catalysis over In-doped γ-alumina
JO  - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
JF  - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
Y1  - 2004/03/18/
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 09263373
AB  - Sol–gel derived γ-alumina and its 2.5 wt.% indium doped derivative were examined as plasma-activated catalysts for reduction of NOx in model lean burn exhaust. The extent of promotional effect on catalysis due to indium doping depends both on the speciation of hydrocarbon used as a reducing agent in addition to reaction temperature. In/γ-alumina catalysts were tested with eight hydrocarbons (propane, propene, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, acetaldehyde, isooctane) at a C1:N ratio of 12 to investigate the effect of hydrocarbon structure and chemistry on activity for plasma-enhanced catalysis. The functionality, the location of the functional group, as well as the molecular size all proved to have an impact on the ability of the hydrocarbon to participate in NOx reduction chemistry. Plasma assist provided benefits at moderate temperature, but NOx reduction was dominated by thermal activity (no plasma required) at high temperature. The effect of aging on catalyst performance was also examined, and the most negative impact on thermal activity was observed at moderate temperatures. Plasma assist resulted in recovery of nearly all activity for most of the oxygenated hydrocarbons examined. At high temperature, aging had negligible impact on catalyst performance with the exception of catalytic reduction with methanol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis B: Environmental is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Aluminum oxide
KW  - Indium
KW  - Alumina
KW  - NOx
KW  - Non-thermal
KW  - Oxygenate
KW  - Plasma
KW  - Reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 12381374; Tran, D.N. 1; Aardahl, C.L. 1; Rappe, K.G. 1; Park, P.W. 2; Boyer, C.L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 MS K6-28, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2: Caterpillar, Inc., Tech Center E/854, P.O. Box 1875, Peoria, IL 61656, USA; Issue Info: Mar2004, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p155; Thesaurus Term: Catalysis; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Subject Term: Aluminum oxide; Subject Term: Indium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-thermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygenate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apcatb.2003.10.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalosakas, G.
AU  - Rasmussen, K.Ø.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Nonlinear excitations in DNA: polarons and bubbles
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2004/03/18/
VL  - 141
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
SN  - 03796779
AB  - We discuss temperature effects in a model of charge transport in DNA. The charge is coupled to the lattice distortions and therefore temperature induced fluctuations and coherent base-pair openings (“bubbles”) directly affect the charge’s motion. The influence of the charge–lattice coupling constant on polaronic behavior, as well as the effect of different initial charge configuration are described. We also briefly present preliminary results from numerical simulations suggesting the existence of a temperature window with long time coherent polaronic transport. This transport mechanism may be either polaronic hopping or polaron drifting depending on the value of the coupling constant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - POLARONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - BUBBLES
KW  - Bubbles
KW  - Charge transport
KW  - Polarons
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 12434722; Kalosakas, G. 1 Rasmussen, K.Ø.; Email Address: kor@lanl.gov Bishop, A.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 141 Issue 1/2, p93; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: POLARONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: BUBBLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bubbles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.synthmet.2003.08.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, D.L.
AU  - Saxena, A.
T1  - Modeling of electron injection and transport in conjugated polymers
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2004/03/18/
VL  - 141
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
SN  - 03796779
AB  - Conjugated polymers are an important class of electronic and electro-optic materials. Nonlinear excitations are critical in determining the electrical and optical properties of these materials. Michael J. Rice was a pioneer in elucidating the nature and importance of nonlinear excitations in conjugated polymers. Here, we describe modeling of electron injection and transport in conjugated polymers that was strongly influenced by the seminal work of Michael Rice. We consider (i) charge transport in conjugated polymers based on a molecular fluctuation model and (ii) charge and spin injection at conjugated polymer/metal interfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - 73.61.Ph
KW  - Conjugated polymers
KW  - Electron injection
KW  - Transport
KW  - INJECTION Research Specialties Inc. -- Trials, litigation, etc.
N1  - Accession Number: 12434727; Smith, D.L.; Email Address: dsmith@lanl.gov Saxena, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-11 B262, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 141 Issue 1/2, p123; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.61.Ph; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conjugated polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport; Company/Entity: INJECTION Research Specialties Inc. -- Trials, litigation, etc.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.synthmet.2003.10.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uchiki, Tomoaki
AU  - Dice, Lezlee T.
AU  - Hettich, Robert L.
AU  - Dealwis, Chris
T1  - Identification of Phosphorylation Sites on the Yeast Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitor Sml1.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/19/
VL  - 279
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 11293
EP  - 11303
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Sml1 is a small protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which inhibits the activity of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). RNR catalyzes the rate-limiting step of de novo dNTP synthesis. Sml1 is a downstream effector of the Mec1/Rad53 cell cycle checkpoint pathway. The phosphorylation by Dun1 kinase during S phase or in response to DNA damage leads to diminished levels of Sml1. Removal of Sml1 increases the population of active RNR, which raises cellular dNTP levels. In this study using mass spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis, we have identified the region of Sml1 phosphorylation to be between residues 52 and 64 containing the sequence GSSASASASSLEM. This is the first identification of a phosphorylation sequence of a Dun1 biological substrate. This sequence is quite different from the consensus Dunl phosphorylation sequence reported previously from peptide library studies. The specific phosphoserines were identified to be Ser56, Set58, and Ser60 by chemical modification of these residues to S-ethylcysteines followed by collision activated dissociation. To investigate further Smll phosphorylation, we constructed the single mutants S56A, S58A, S60A, and the triple mutant S56A/S58A/S60A and compared their degrees of phosphorylation with that of wild type Sml1. We observed a 90% decrease in the relative phosphorylation of S60A compared with that of wild type, a 25% decrease in S58A, and little or no decrease in the S56A mutant. There was no observed phosphate incorporation in the triple mutant, suggesting that Ser56, Ser58, and Ser60 in Smll are the sites of phosphorylation. Further mutagenesis studies reveal that Dun1 kinase requires an acidic residue at the +3 position, and there is cooperativity between the phosphorylation sites. These results show that Dun1 has a unique phosphorylation motif. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - MICROBIAL proteins
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - CYTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12918908; Uchiki, Tomoaki 1 Dice, Lezlee T. 2 Hettich, Robert L. 3 Dealwis, Chris 2; Email Address: hettichrl@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Genome Science and Technology Graduate School  2: Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  3: Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 3/19/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 12, p11293; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject Term: MICROBIAL proteins; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: CYTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Halas, S.
AU  - Mackiewicz, P.
AU  - Durakiewicz, T.
T1  - Switching regulator of filament temperature for thermal ionization sources
JO  - Vacuum
JF  - Vacuum
Y1  - 2004/03/19/
VL  - 73
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
SN  - 0042207X
AB  - The presented circuit is a 4-wire stabilizer of the average voltage on the filament. It has enhanced stability and low power consumption because it works as a switching regulator. The rectangular power pulses supplied to the filament produce small rectangular voltage pulses which are observed by a separate pair of wires connected to the filament ends. These pulses are amplified and converted to the saw-like signal by a low-pass filter. The saw-like signal is connected to the inverting input of the Schmitt trigger, whereas the noninverting input is connected to a reference voltage supplied either from a potentiometer or generated by a computer. The regulator is used in our laboratory for precision potassium analysis by the isotope dilution method. The obtained reproducibility of potassium determination in terms of relative standard uncertainty is 0.5%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vacuum is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - WIRE
KW  - POTENTIOMETERS
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - 82.80.Ms
KW  - Filament
KW  - Switching regulator
KW  - Temperature controller
KW  - TIMS
N1  - Accession Number: 12443216; Halas, S. 1; Email Address: halas@tytan.umcs.lublin.pl Mackiewicz, P. 2 Durakiewicz, T. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Lublin 20-031, Poland  2: Institute of Environmental Protection Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40b, Lublin 20-618, Poland  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Condensed matter and Thermal Physics, MST-10 Group, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 73 Issue 2, p291; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: POTENTIOMETERS; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: 82.80.Ms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filament; Author-Supplied Keyword: Switching regulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature controller; Author-Supplied Keyword: TIMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.vacuum.2003.12.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12443216&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.
AU  - Rogers, Alistair
AU  - Nelson, Randall
AU  - Long, Stephen P.
T1  - Testing the “source–sink” hypothesis of down-regulation of photosynthesis in elevated [CO2] in the field with single gene substitutions in Glycine max
JO  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
JF  - Agricultural & Forest Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/03/20/
VL  - 122
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
SN  - 01681923
AB  - Acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration was tested in lines of soybean (Glycine max) that differed by single genes that altered either the capacity to nodulate or growth habit (determinate or indeterminate growth). Both genetic changes provided, within a uniform genetic background, a test of the “source–sink” hypothesis that down-regulation of photosynthesis in elevated carbon dioxide is a result of inability to form sufficient “sinks” for the additional photosynthate. Plants were grown under ambient and elevated [CO2] (550 μmol mol−1) in the field, using free air gas concentration enrichment (FACE). Mutation of the determinate cultivar, Elf, to an indeterminate form did not result in increased responsiveness to elevated [CO2]. This may reflect a large sink capacity in the selection of determinate cultivars. In elevated [CO2] only the determinate isoline of the indeterminate cultivar (Williams-dt1) and the non-nodulating genotype showed down-regulation of photosynthesis. This resulted from decreases in apparent in vivo Rubisco activity (Vc,max) and maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax). Increase in total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) content, which is often correlated with down-regulation of photosynthesis, in Williams-dt1 was 80% greater in elevated [CO2] than in ambient [CO2] controls, compared to 40% in the indeterminate line. The results from mutations of the Williams line are consistent with the hypothesis that genetic capacity for the utilization of photosynthate is critical to the ability of plants to sustain increased photosynthesis when grown at elevated [CO2]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Agricultural & Forest Meteorology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - SOYBEAN
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHATES
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Climate change
KW  - FACE
KW  - Glycine max
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Soybean
N1  - Accession Number: 12434328; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. 1 Rogers, Alistair 1,2 Nelson, Randall 1,3 Long, Stephen P. 1,4; Email Address: stevel@life.uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 190 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Department of Environmental Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research Unit, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  4: Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 190 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 122 Issue 1/2, p85; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: SOYBEAN; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycine max; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soybean; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.agrformet.2003.09.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12434328&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HARDTKE, D.
T1  - RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS:: RECENT RESULTS FROM RHIC.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/20/
VL  - 19
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1111
EP  - 1118
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - High energy collisions of heavy nuclei at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider permit the study of nuclear matter at extreme densities and temperatures. Selected experimental highlights from the early RHIC program are presented. Measurements of the total multiplicity in heavy-ion collisions show a surprising similarity to measurements in e+e- collisions after nuclear geometry is taken into account. RHIC has sufficient center-of-mass energy to use large transverse momentum particles and jets as a probe of the nuclear medium. Signatures of "jet quenching" due to radiative gluon energy loss of fast partons in a dense medium are observed for the first time at RHIC. In order to account for this energy loss, initial energy densities of 30-100 times normal nuclear matter density are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECIAL relativity (Physics)
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12918737; HARDTKE, D. 1; Email Address: DHHardtke@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 3/20/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p1111; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECIAL relativity (Physics); Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fast, Petri
AU  - Shelley, Michael J.
T1  - A moving overset grid method for interface dynamics applied to non-Newtonian Hele–Shaw flow
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/20/
VL  - 195
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 117
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We present a novel moving overset grid scheme for the accurate and efficient long-time simulation of an air bubble displacing a non-Newtonian fluid in the prototypical thin film device, the Hele–Shaw cell. We use a two-dimensional generalization of Darcy’s law that accounts for shear thinning of a non-Newtonian fluid. In the limit of weak shear thinning, the pressure is found from a ladder of two linear elliptic boundary value problems, each to be solved in the whole fluid domain. A moving body fitted grid is used to resolve the flow near the interface, while most of the fluid domain is covered with a fixed Cartesian grid. Our use of body-conforming grids reduces grid anisotropy effects and allows the accurate modeling of boundary conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEWTONIAN fluids
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
N1  - Accession Number: 12382837; Fast, Petri 1; Email Address: fast1@llnl.gov Shelley, Michael J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Center for Applied Scientific Computing, P.O. Box 808, L-365 Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 195 Issue 1, p117; Subject Term: NEWTONIAN fluids; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.08.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sovinec, C.R.
AU  - Glasser, A.H.
AU  - Gianakon, T.A.
AU  - Barnes, D.C.
AU  - Nebel, R.A.
AU  - Kruger, S.E.
AU  - Schnack, D.D.
AU  - Plimpton, S.J.
AU  - Tarditi, A.
AU  - Chu, M.S.
T1  - Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics simulation using high-order finite elements
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/20/
VL  - 195
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A conforming representation composed of 2D finite elements and finite Fourier series is applied to 3D nonlinear non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics using a semi-implicit time-advance. The self-adjoint semi-implicit operator and variational approach to spatial discretization are synergistic and enable simulation in the extremely stiff conditions found in high temperature plasmas without sacrificing the geometric flexibility needed for modeling laboratory experiments. Growth rates for resistive tearing modes with experimentally relevant Lundquist number are computed accurately with time-steps that are large with respect to the global Alfve´n time and moderate spatial resolution when the finite elements have basis functions of polynomial degree (p) two or larger. An error diffusion method controls the generation of magnetic divergence error. Convergence studies show that this approach is effective for continuous basis functions with <f>p&ges;2</f>, where the number of test functions for the divergence control terms is less than the number of degrees of freedom in the expansion for vector fields. Anisotropic thermal conduction at realistic ratios of parallel to perpendicular conductivity <f>(χ&par;/χ⊥)</f> is computed accurately with <f>p&ges;3</f> without mesh alignment. A simulation of tearing-mode evolution for a shaped toroidal tokamak equilibrium demonstrates the effectiveness of the algorithm in nonlinear conditions, and its results are used to verify the accuracy of the numerical anisotropic thermal conduction in 3D magnetic topologies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - 65M60
KW  - Anisotropic diffusion
KW  - Finite element
KW  - Magnetohydrodynamic simulation
KW  - Semi-implicit
N1  - Accession Number: 12382847; Sovinec, C.R. 1; Email Address: sovinec@engr.wisc.edu Glasser, A.H. 2 Gianakon, T.A. 2 Barnes, D.C. 2 Nebel, R.A. 2 Kruger, S.E. 3 Schnack, D.D. 3 Plimpton, S.J. 4 Tarditi, A. 5 Chu, M.S. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1609, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Science Applications International Corporation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA  4: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  5: Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory, National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77050, USA  6: General Atomics Corporation, San Diego, CA 92138, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 195 Issue 1, p355; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 65M60; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropic diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetohydrodynamic simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-implicit; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12382847&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riad Manaa, M.
AU  - Xie, Rui-Hua
AU  - Smith Jr., Vedene H.
T1  - Structure, vibrational, and electronic spectra of heterofullerene C48(BN)6
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/21/
VL  - 387
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We report the geometrical structure, vibrational, and excitation spectra of novel, fullerene – analog C48(BN)6 using density functional calculations. The lowest energy structure is one in which B–N bonding is present as boron and nitrogen occupy each of the 12 pentagons of the fullerene cage. The cluster is polar with a net dipole moment of 0.55 D, which indicates an enhanced tendency toward reactivity with other media. The excitation spectrum shows that the lowest transition of 1.75 eV is dipole-allowed. The optical gap of C48(BN)6 is redshifted by 1.17 eV relative to that of C60, suggesting possible use as single-molecule fluorescent probes for various applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - BORON
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12379736; Riad Manaa, M. 1; Email Address: manaa1@llnl.gov Xie, Rui-Hua 2 Smith Jr., Vedene H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energetic Materials Center, University of California, 7000 East Ave., P.O. Box 808, L-282, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 387 Issue 1-3, p101; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.01.115
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12379736&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, John P.
AU  - Wiescher, Michael C.
AU  - Paul, Michael
T1  - Using a wide-beam ion source to produce large area sputtered films for low-energy laboratory studies of alpha capture cross-sections
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/21/
VL  - 521
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A method for the production of well adhering thin film layers of oxide compounds was developed at Argonne National Laboratory using a wide-beam saddle field ion beam source. These deposits were to be subsequently exposed to alpha particle beams at the University of Notre Dame and the Weizmann Institute for nuclear astrophysics studies involving low-energy alpha capture cross-section measurements. The deposits produced had to be uniform, adhere well to the cooled substrates used, and withstand the high dose irradiation. A description of the apparatus, production method, and some preliminary results will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - 26.30.+k
KW  - Focused sputtering
KW  - Large area target
N1  - Accession Number: 12574872; Greene, John P. 1; Email Address: greene@anl.gov Wiescher, Michael C. 2 Paul, Michael 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  3: Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 521 Issue 1, p12; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 26.30.+k; Author-Supplied Keyword: Focused sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large area target; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.406
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12574872&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mustapha, B.
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
T1  - Simulations of effusion from ISOL target/ion source systems
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/21/
VL  - 521
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Monte Carlo simulations of the low- and high-conductivity Target/Ion Source systems used at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for effusion measurements are performed. Comparisons with the corresponding experimental data for the different geometries are presented and discussed. Independent checks of the simulation using data for simple geometries and using the conductance approach well known in vacuum technology are performed. A simulation-based comparison between the low- and high-conductivity systems is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - TARGETS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - EXUDATES & transudates
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Effusion
KW  - ISOL targets
KW  - Monte Carlo simulation
KW  - Release curve
N1  - Accession Number: 12574880; Mustapha, B.; Email Address: mustapha@phy.anl.gov Nolen, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 521 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: TARGETS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: EXUDATES & transudates; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISOL targets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Release curve; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.143
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12574880&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alton, G.D.
AU  - Bilheux, J.-C.
AU  - McMillan, A.D.
T1  - A new method for infiltration coating complex geometry matrices with compound materials for ISOL production target applications
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/21/
VL  - 521
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Although a number of methods have been developed for depositing films of production target materials onto surfaces with thickness commensurate with fast diffusion release of short-lived radioactive species for Isotope Separator On-Line (ISOL) target applications, the methods are either inappropriate for coating interior surfaces of highly permeable matrices (non-infiltrating, non-penetrating) or require complex chemical processes that are only available for depositing a limited number of elemental or compound materials. A simple, fast, inexpensive and close to universal method, based on suspension of finely divided target material in a binder to form a paint, has been developed that can be vacuum infiltrated to uniformly coat the surfaces of highly permeable fibrous target matrices with compound target materials and thus, form fast diffusion-release, mechanically and thermally stable production targets for ISOL-based radioactive ion beam research applications. In this report, the paint infiltration technique is described and the universal character of the technique illustrated by preparing several nitride, carbide, oxide and sulfide targets for potential use at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility or at future high energy ISOL-based research facilities such as the Rare Isotope Accelerator facility, now under proposal for construction in the USA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TARGETS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - SEPARATORS (Machines)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Fiber target
KW  - Foam target
KW  - Heavy ion target
KW  - Protective layer
KW  - Target list
N1  - Accession Number: 12574883; Alton, G.D. 1; Email Address: gda@ornl.gov Bilheux, J.-C. 1 McMillan, A.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 6000, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6368, USA  2: Metals & Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 521 Issue 1, p108; Subject Term: TARGETS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: SEPARATORS (Machines); Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiber target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foam target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protective layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Target list; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.405
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12574883&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stracener, D.W.
AU  - Alton, G.D.
AU  - Auble, R.L.
AU  - Beene, J.R.
AU  - Mueller, P.E.
AU  - Bilheux, J.C.
T1  - Targets used in the production of radioactive ion beams at the HRIBF
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/21/
VL  - 521
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Radioactive ion beams are produced at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility using the Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) technique where the atoms are produced in a thick target, transported to an ion source, ionized, and extracted from the ion source to form an ion beam. These radioactive ion beams are then accelerated to energies of a few MeV per nucleon and delivered to experimental stations for use in nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics experiments. At the heart of this facility is the RIB production target, where the radioactive nuclei are produced using beams of light ions (p, d, 3He, α) to induce nuclear reactions in the target nuclei. Several target materials have been developed and used successfully, including Al2O3, HfO2, SiC, CeS, liquid Ge, liquid Ni, and a low-density matrix of uranium carbide. The details of these targets and some of the target developments that led to the delivery of high-quality radioactive ion beams are discussed in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TARGETING (Nuclear strategy)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - URANIUM compounds
KW  - ISOL target
KW  - Isotope separation
KW  - Liquid target
KW  - Radioactive beams
KW  - RIB production targets
KW  - Thick target
N1  - Accession Number: 12574884; Stracener, D.W.; Email Address: stracener@mail.phy.ornl.gov Alton, G.D. 1 Auble, R.L. 1 Beene, J.R. 1 Mueller, P.E. 1 Bilheux, J.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 6000, M/S 6368, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 521 Issue 1, p126; Subject Term: TARGETING (Nuclear strategy); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: URANIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: ISOL target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: RIB production targets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thick target; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, John P.
AU  - Heinz, Andreas
AU  - Falout, Joe
AU  - Janssens, Robert V.F.
T1  - Rotating target wheel system for super-heavy element production at ATLAS
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/03/21/
VL  - 521
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 214
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new scattering chamber housing a large diameter rotating target wheel has been designed and constructed in front of the Fragment Mass Analyzer (FMA) for the production of very heavy nuclei <f>(Z>100)</f> using beams from the Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System (ATLAS). In addition to the target and drive system, the chamber is extensively instrumented in order to monitor target performance and deterioration. Capabilities also exist to install rotating entrance and exit windows for gas cooling of the target within the scattering chamber. The design and initial tests are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - HEAVY elements
KW  - TARGETS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Heavy-ion target
KW  - Lead-(Pb)
KW  - Multi-layer target
KW  - Protective layer
KW  - Target wheel
N1  - Accession Number: 12574898; Greene, John P.; Email Address: greene@phy.anl.gov Heinz, Andreas Falout, Joe 1 Janssens, Robert V.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 521 Issue 1, p214; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: HEAVY elements; Subject Term: TARGETS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-ion target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead-(Pb); Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-layer target; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protective layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Target wheel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.411
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoshida, Yuki
AU  - Wood, David M.
AU  - Gessert, Timothy A.
AU  - Coutts, Timothy J.
T1  - High-mobility, sputtered films of indium oxide doped with molybdenum.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 84
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2097
EP  - 2099
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Thin films of molybdenum-doped indium oxide, an n-type transparent conducting oxide, were deposited on glass substrates by a large-area deposition technique, radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, and their electrical properties were examined. Molybdenum content was varied from 1 to 4 wt%, and the highest mobility achieved was 83 cm[sup 2] V[sup -1] s[sup -1] at a carrier concentration of 3.0×10[sup 20] cm[sup -3] without any postdeposition treatment for one of the films made from the target with 2 wt% Mo. Temperature-dependent Hall analysis indicated that this high mobility is limited by phonon scattering, whereas the method of four coefficients analysis showed that the conduction band is parabolic. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - MAGNETRONS
KW  - PHONONS -- Scattering
KW  - EFFECTIVE mass (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12530500; Yoshida, Yuki 1; Email Address: yuki_yoshida@nrel.gov Wood, David M. 1 Gessert, Timothy A. 2 Coutts, Timothy J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 3/22/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 12, p2097; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: MAGNETRONS; Subject Term: PHONONS -- Scattering; Subject Term: EFFECTIVE mass (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687984
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Civale, L.
AU  - Maiorov, B.
AU  - Serquis, A.
AU  - Willis, J. O.
AU  - Coulter, J. Y.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Arendt, P. N.
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.
AU  - Maley, M. P.
AU  - Foltyn, S. R.
T1  - Angular-dependent vortex pinning mechanisms in YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7] coated conductors and thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 84
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2121
EP  - 2123
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We compare the angular-dependent critical current density (J[sub c]) in YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 7] films deposited on MgO templates grown by ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD), and on single-crystal substrates. We identify three angular regimes in which pinning is dominated by different types of correlated and uncorrelated defects. Those regimes are present in all cases, but their extension and characteristics are sample dependent, reflecting differences in texture and defect density. The more defective nature of the films on IBAD turns into an advantage as it results in higher J[sub c], demonstrating that the performance of the films on single crystals is not an upper limit for the IBAD coated conductors. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - FLUX pinning
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 12530492; Civale, L. 1; Email Address: lcivale@lanl.gov Maiorov, B. 1 Serquis, A. 1 Willis, J. O. 1 Coulter, J. Y. 1 Wang, H. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1 Arendt, P. N. 1 MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. 1 Maley, M. P. 1 Foltyn, S. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 3/22/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 12, p2121; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: FLUX pinning; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1655707
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Biao
AU  - Cohen, Philip I.
AU  - Feldman, L. C.
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Controlling film growth with selective excitation: Chemical vapor deposition growth of silicon.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 84
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2175
EP  - 2177
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We propose a method of controlling the growth mode in an epitaxial system. It takes advantage of differences in the vibrational frequencies of adatom–substrate bonds at terraces and steps. With a properly tuned infrared laser, one can selectively excite only the adatom–substrate bonds at steps and enhance the mobility of these adatoms, consequently promoting step-flow growth and reducing film roughness. The feasibility of this method is shown theoretically with respect to the prototype system of chemical vapor deposition growth of silicon. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SILICON
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - ISOTOPE separation
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium
N1  - Accession Number: 12530474; Wu, Biao 1; Email Address: biaowu@ornl.gov Cohen, Philip I. 2 Feldman, L. C. 3 Zhang, Zhenyu 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712 and Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1807 and Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996; Source Info: 3/22/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 12, p2175; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: ISOTOPE separation; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687452
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Curreli, S.
AU  - Deplano, P.
AU  - Mercuri, M.L.
AU  - Pilia, L.
AU  - Serpe, A.
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
AU  - Whited, Michael A.
AU  - Geiser, Urs
AU  - Coronado, E.
AU  - Gómez-García, C.J.
AU  - Canadell, E.
T1  - Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Physical Properties of (BEDT-TTF)[Ni(tdas)2] (BEDT-TTF = Bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene; tdas = 1,2,5-Thiadiazole-3,4-dithiolate): First Monomeric [Ni(tdas)2]- Monoanion.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 43
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2049
EP  - 2056
SN  - 00201669
AB  - We report the synthesis, structure, and physical properties of (BEDT-TTF)[Ni(tdas)2] [BEDT-TTF, or ET, is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene; tdas is 1,2,5-thiadiazole-3,4-dithiolate], which is the first example of a salt containing monomeric [Ni(tdas)2]- monoanions. This salt, which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 17.2324(6) Å, b = 13.2740(5) &ARing;, c = 10.9467(4) Å, β = 96.974(2)°, and V = 2485.5(2) ų, forms a layered structure. One layer contains dimerized BEDT-TTF electron donor molecules and isolated [Ni(tdas)2]- monoanions, while the second layer contains chains of [Ni(tdas)2]- monoanions. Conductivity measurements show that (BEDTTTF)[Ni(tdas)2] has a semiconductor-to-semiconductor transition near 200 K, while magnetic measurements indicate that it is an S = 1/2 paramagnet with weak antiferromagnetic coupling. Reflectance spectra reveal bands in the near-infrared region (6.6 × 10³ and 10.6 × 10³ cm-1) which are typical of (BEDT-TTF)22+ dimers. From these data, we can conclude that the unpaired electron lies on the [Ni(tdas)2]- anions. Tight-binding band structure calculations were used to analyze the electronic structure of this salt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANONICKEL compounds
KW  - ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12919026; Curreli, S. 1 Deplano, P. 2 Mercuri, M.L. 2; Email Address: mercuri@unica.it Pilia, L. 2 Serpe, A. 2 Schlueter, John A. 3; Email Address: JASchlueter@anl.gov Whited, Michael A. 3 Geiser, Urs 3 Coronado, E. 1 Gómez-García, C.J. 1 Canadell, E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Spain  2: Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Italy  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  4: Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Spain; Source Info: 3/22/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 6, p2049; Subject Term: ORGANONICKEL compounds; Subject Term: ORGANIC synthesis (Chemistry); Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic035079y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Relativistic double group spinor representations of nonrigid molecules.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5524
EP  - 5535
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The character theory of relativistic double group spinor representations is developed in order to represent the total rovibronic states of nonrigid molecules. It is shown that the double groups can be represented in terms of wreath products and powerful matrix cycle type generators that are used to construct their character tables. It is shown that these tables are of use when spin–orbit coupling is included in the Hamiltonian even for molecules containing lighter atoms. Applications to nonrigid molecules such as Tl[sub 2]H[sub 4]/Tl[sub 2]H[sub 4][sup +] are considered. It is shown that the tunneling splittings and the nuclear spin statistical weights can be obtained for such species using the character tables thus constructed. The spinor double groups of several other molecules such as hexamethyl dilead and heavy weakly bound clusters such as (PoH[sub 2])[sub 4] are also considered. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELATIVITY (Physics)
KW  - SPINOR analysis
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12512640; Balasubramanian, K. 1; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing, University of California, Davis, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Glenn T Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California; Source Info: 3/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 12, p5524; Subject Term: RELATIVITY (Physics); Subject Term: SPINOR analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 9 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1648636
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheng Der Chao
AU  - Kress, Joel D.
AU  - Redondo, Antonio
T1  - An alternative multipolar expansion for intermolecular potential functions.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5558
EP  - 5565
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We have derived a new multipolar expansion for intermolecular potential-energy functions with applications in molecular physics, theoretical chemistry, and mathematical physics. The new formulation employs a separation of radial and angular terms with a simple index structure that leads to computational efficiency and ease of physical interpretation. For the case of the Coulomb interaction, we compare the present formulation with two conventional multipole expansions: the Cartesian tensor and the irreducible spherical tensor expansions. The new formalism leads to efficient numerical algorithms that are useful for general applications beyond intermolecular potentials. In addition to the electrostatic Coulomb interaction, we illustrate the formalism with applications to special function theory and a bipolar expansion involved in potential theory. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - SPECIAL functions
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12512637; Sheng Der Chao 1 Kress, Joel D. 1 Redondo, Antonio 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 3/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 12, p5558; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: SPECIAL functions; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649727
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hood, Randolph Q.
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - Insulator to metal transition in fluid deuterium.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5691
EP  - 5694
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We have investigated the insulator to metal transition in fluid deuterium using first principles simulations. Both density functional and quantum Monte Carlo calculations indicate that the electronic energy gap of the liquid vanishes at about ninefold compression and 3000 K. At these conditions the computed conductivity values are characteristic of a poor metal. These findings are consistent with those of recent shock wave experiments but the computed conductivity is larger than the measured value. From our ab initio results we conclude that the transition is driven by molecular dissociation rather than disorder and that both temperature and pressure play a key role in determining structural changes in the fluid. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL insulation
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 12512622; Hood, Randolph Q. 1 Galli, Giulia 1; Email Address: galli@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 3/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 12, p5691; Subject Term: THERMAL insulation; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423330 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649734
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szanyi
AU  - J.
AU  - Kwak
AU  - J. H.
AU  - Peden
AU  - C. H. F.
T1  - The Effect of Water on the Adsorption of NO2 in Na- and Ba-Y, FAU Zeolites:  A Combined FTIR and TPD Investigation.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3746
EP  - 3753
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The adsorption of NO2 was investigated and compared on Na- and Ba-Y, FAU zeolites both in the absence and presence of adsorbed water using FTIR and TPD techniques. The same ionic NOx species (NO+, NO+NO2, NO3-), formed by the disproportionation of NO2, were observed to form on both materials under dry conditions at room temperature. The thermal stabilities of these species, however, were vastly different on the two materials. Room-temperature evacuation was sufficient to decompose the NO+NO2 adduct in Na-Y, while this species was stable up to 350K over Ba-Y. The adsorbed NO+ was also much more stable over Ba-Y than on Na-Y. Water significantly affected the adsorbed NOx species on both materials. In the presence of water, the IR signatures of adsorbed NO+ were eliminated from both catalysts; however, it did not affect the IR feature of the NO+NO2 species on Ba-Y. In the TPD spectra, the NO2 desorption peak shifted from 350 K to 520 K on Na-Y preexposed to water. In Ba-Y, the high-temperature NO2 desorption feature of ~470 K shifted to ~620 K as a result of adsorption on the water-containing sample, while the low-temperature peak remained unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - WATER
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 12658251; Szanyi J. 1 Kwak J. H. 1 Peden C. H. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-93, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 12, p3746; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin
AU  - Y.
AU  - Allard
AU  - L. F.
AU  - Sun
AU  - Y.-P.
T1  - Protein-Affinity of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Water.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3760
EP  - 3764
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The interactions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with ferritin protein in water were investigated. It was found that SWNTs are naturally protein-affinitive in an aqueous ferritin solution, resulting in significant ferritin-SWNT conjugation and the solubilization of the nanotubes. The conjugation is further enhanced and stabilized in the presence of a coupling agent for amidation to promote the formation of covalent linkages. The natural protein-affinity of SWNTs may be alleviated or even eliminated by the functionalization of the nanotubes with hydrophilic polymers or better with oligomeric poly(ethylene glycol) moieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS -- Affinity labeling
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - WATER
N1  - Accession Number: 12658253; Lin Y. 1 Allard L. F. 1 Sun Y.-P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, and High-Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6062; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 12, p3760; Subject Term: PROTEINS -- Affinity labeling; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: WATER; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bigioni
AU  - T. P.
AU  - Schaaff
AU  - T. G.
AU  - Wyrwas
AU  - R. B.
AU  - Harrell
AU  - L. E.
AU  - Whetten
AU  - R. L.
AU  - First
AU  - P. N.
T1  - Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Determination of Single Nanocrystal Core Sizes via Correlation with Mass Spectrometry.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3772
EP  - 3776
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We show that single alkanethiol-passivated gold nanocrystals can be identified by core size in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments, through a comparison of the measured STM heights with a direct determination of the gold core sizes by mass spectrometry. We take advantage of the discrete size distribution to correlate the peaks in a histogram of nanocrystal heights with the distinct abundance peaks in a mass spectrum. The correlation establishes a mapping from STM height to core mass or mean core diameter. This is vitally important for the interpretation of size-dependent “single-molecule” tunneling spectra from nanocrystal compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12658255; Bigioni T. P. 1 Schaaff T. G. 1 Wyrwas R. B. 1 Harrell L. E. 1 Whetten R. L. 1 First P. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6365; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 12, p3772; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen
AU  - L. X.
AU  - Utschig
AU  - L. M.
AU  - Schlesselman
AU  - S. L.
AU  - Tiede
AU  - D. M.
T1  - Temperature and Light-Induced Structural Changes in Photosynthetic Reaction Center Proteins Probed by X-ray Absorption Fine Structure.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3912
EP  - 3924
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Structures of the Fe2+ binding site in photosynthetic reaction center (RC) proteins from Rhodobacter sphaeroides R26 were obtained by Fe K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. Measurements were taken at cryogenic and room temperatures, in the dark as well as in the light-induced charge-separated state P+QAQB-. Evidence for protein matrix expansion near the Fe2+ site because of lowering the temperature from 290 to 15 K was observed as elongation of Fe2+ to neighboring atom distances. Upon formation of the charge-separated state P+QAQB-, the distances between the Fe2+ and neighboring atoms were reduced slightly. Replacing the native Fe2+ with either Mn2+ or Zn2+ resulted in distinct differences in local structural responses to both temperature and charge separation, suggesting that the conformation changes caused by these factors may follow different paths in the potential energy landscape of the protein. The XAFS measurements of Fe2+ site structure revealed a more symmetrically oriented imidazole ligands arrangement around Fe than those in current crystal structures. These measurements for high-precision Fe site local structure indicate that XAFS is a useful technique for probing structural changes in the metal site environment because of temperature change, metal replacement, and light-induced charge separation in the reaction center proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12658275; Chen L. X. 1 Utschig L. M. 1 Schlesselman S. L. 1 Tiede D. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 12, p3912; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee
AU  - J. W.
AU  - Greenbaum
AU  - E.
T1  - Interfacial Photoredox Molecular Interactions:  A New Class of Hill Reagents for Photosystem II Reaction Centers.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3935
EP  - 3939
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Photosynthetic reaction centers are molecular photovoltaic structures that are of significant interest in the field of nanoscale science and technology. We report here the results of an extensive experimental survey and characterization of over 20 species of transition-metal compounds for their activity in the Hill reaction at the lipid-water interface of Photosystem II (PSII) membrane fragments. Four new PSII Hill reagents were identified:  PtCl4, [PtCl6]2-, [OsCl6]2-, and [RuCl6]2-. Each can be photosynthetically reduced by PSII. The negative charge of the metal compound species is apparently essential for their interaction with the reducing site of PSII. When PtCl4 is dissolved in water, it combines with water molecules to form H2[PtCl4(OH)2], which can dissociate to the negatively charged species [PtCl4(OH)2]2- at neutral pH. These findings could have significant implications for photosynthesis, nanoscale science, and nanofabrication in the field of biometallocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - METALS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 12658277; Lee J. W. 1 Greenbaum E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6194; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 108 Issue 12, p3935; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gevorkyan, V.A.
AU  - Aroutiounian, V.M.
AU  - Gambaryan, K.M.
AU  - Kazaryan, M.S.
AU  - Touryan, K.J.
AU  - Wanlass, M.W.
T1  - Liquid-phase electroepitaxial growth of low band-gap p-InAsPSb/n-InAs and p-InAsP/n-InAs diode heterostructures for thermo-photovoltaic application
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 451/452
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 00406090
AB  - This report describes our efforts to fabricate InAsP/InAs and InAsPSb/InAs epitaxial diode heterostructures for TPV converter applications. For the growth of these TPV-structures the new version of liquid-phase electroepitaxy has been employed. First type of structure consists of the n-InAs (111)B substrate and compositionally graded p-InAsP layer with the increasing concentration of phosphorus from impurity levels up to 6%, along the growth direction. The second type of structure consists of p-InAsPSb layer directly grown on a n-InAs (100) substrate. These structures have a uniform thickness, a mirror-like surface and a very flat interface. The dislocation density on the surface layer was no more than ND=105 cm−2. The I–V and C–V characteristics of n-InAs/p-InAsP and n-InAs/p-InAsPSb TPV structures have been investigated. The spectral response of these diode structures has been measured. The results of these studies show that the second type of TPV structures has better performance than the first type. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIODES
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - IR-photodetectors
KW  - Liquid phase electroepitaxy
KW  - Thermophotovoltaic converters
N1  - Accession Number: 12558753; Gevorkyan, V.A. 1; Email Address: vgev@ysu.am Aroutiounian, V.M. 1 Gambaryan, K.M. 1 Kazaryan, M.S. 1 Touryan, K.J. 2 Wanlass, M.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiophysics, Yerevan State University, 1 A.Manoukian Str., Yerevan 375049, Armenia  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 451/452, p124; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: IR-photodetectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid phase electroepitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermophotovoltaic converters; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.10.117
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, Y.B.
AU  - Krost, A.
AU  - Bläsing, J.
AU  - Kriegseis, W.
AU  - Polity, A.
AU  - Meyer, B.K.
AU  - Kisielowski, C.
T1  - Quasi-epitaxial growth of thick CuInS2 films by RF reactive sputtering with a thin epilayer buffer
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 451/452
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 00406090
AB  - We demonstrate the deposition of CuInS2 films on single-crystalline (0 0 0 1)-sapphire by radio frequency reactive sputtering with a Cu–In alloy target and H2S gas. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the as-sputtered films are of mainly (1 1 2)-oriented CuInS2 incorporating a minor CuIn2 phase. XRD rocking curve of CuInS2 (1 1 2) showed a full width at half maximum of 0.1°, indicating an epitaxial-like growth of (1 1 2)-CuInS2 films on (0 0 0 1)-sapphire. Six peaks dominantly show up in the XRD φ–2θ map, between which there are additional regular modulations present, suggesting a multi-domain structure of the thick double-layered films. Furthermore, the morphology and internal microstructure of the quasi-epitaxially sputtered CuInS2 films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - CuInS2 films
KW  - Quasi-epitaxial growth
KW  - RF reactive sputtering
KW  - Sapphire
N1  - Accession Number: 12558778; He, Y.B. 1; Email Address: yunbin.he@physik.uni-giessen.de Krost, A. 2 Bläsing, J. 2 Kriegseis, W. 1 Polity, A. 1 Meyer, B.K. 1 Kisielowski, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: I. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany  2: Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, 39016 Magdeburg, Germany  3: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 451/452, p229; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Author-Supplied Keyword: CuInS2 films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-epitaxial growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF reactive sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sapphire; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.10.100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meier, J.
AU  - Spitznagel, J.
AU  - Kroll, U.
AU  - Bucher, C.
AU  - Faÿ, S.
AU  - Moriarty, T.
AU  - Shah, A.
T1  - Potential of amorphous and microcrystalline silicon solar cells
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/03/22/
VL  - 451/452
M3  - Article
SP  - 518
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Low pressure chemical vapour deposition (LP-CVD) ZnO as front transparent conductive oxide (TCO), developed at IMT, has excellent light-trapping properties for a-Si:H p-i-n single-junction and ‘micromorph’ (amorphous/microcrystalline silicon) tandem solar cells. A stabilized record efficiency of 9.47% has independently been confirmed by NREL for an amorphous silicon single-junction p-i-n cell (∼1 cm2) deposited on LP-CVD ZnO coated glass. Micromorph tandem cells with an initial efficiency of 12.3% show after light-soaking a stable performance of 10.8%. The monolithic series connection by laser-scribing for module fabrication has been developed at IMT as well, for both amorphous single-junction and micromorph tandem cells in combination with the LP-CVD ZnO technique. Mini-modules (areas between 22 and 24 cm2) with an aperture efficiency of 8.7% in the case of amorphous single-junction p-i-n cells (independently confirmed by NREL), and of 9.8% in the case of micromorph tandem cells, have been obtained. Micromorph tandem cells with an intermediate TCO reflector between the amorphous top and the microcrystalline bottom cell show an almost stable performance (η=10.7%) with respect to light-soaking. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - Amorphous silicon
KW  - Light-trapping
KW  - LP-CVD ZnO
KW  - Microcrystalline silicon
KW  - Thin-film silicon solar cells
KW  - VHF-PECVD
N1  - Accession Number: 12558845; Meier, J. 1,2; Email Address: johannes.meier@unaxis.com Spitznagel, J. 1 Kroll, U. 1,2 Bucher, C. 1 Faÿ, S. 1 Moriarty, T. 3 Shah, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Microtechnique, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland  2: Unaxis SPTec SA, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 451/452, p518; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light-trapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: LP-CVD ZnO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcrystalline silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin-film silicon solar cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: VHF-PECVD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.11.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12558845&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keating, G.A.
AU  - Bogen, K.T.
T1  - Estimates of heterocyclic amine intake in the US population
JO  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
Y1  - 2004/03/25/
VL  - 802
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
SN  - 15700232
AB  - HA-specific meat concentration estimates using a method that combines laboratory data to predict HA concentrations from meat type, cooking method and meat doneness were used with national dietary data to estimate daily HA intake for segments of the US population. PhIP was found to comprise ∼70% of US mean dietary intake of total HAs, with pan-frying and chicken being the single cooking method and meat type contributing the greatest to total estimated HA exposures. This analysis demonstrated significantly higher concentrations in grilled/barbecued meats than in other cooked meats. African-American males were estimated to consume nearly twofold and ∼35 to 40% more PhIP (and total HAs) than white males at ages <16 and >30 years, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - AMINES
KW  - MEAT
KW  - COOKING
KW  - BARBECUE cooking
KW  - 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (105650-23-5) (PhIP)
KW  - 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (95896-78-9) (DiMeIQx)
KW  - 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (77500-04-0) (MeIQx)
KW  - 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (76180-96-6) (IQ)
KW  - 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole: 2-amino-α-carboline (CAS #26148-68-5) (AαC)
KW  - Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII)
KW  - grill/barbeque (BBQ)
KW  - Heterocyclic amine intake
KW  - heterocyclic amines (HAs)
KW  - maximum internal temperature (IT)
N1  - Accession Number: 12234398; Keating, G.A.; Email Address: keating2@llnl.gov Bogen, K.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division (L-396), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550-9900, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 802 Issue 1, p127; Subject Term: HETEROCYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: MEAT; Subject Term: COOKING; Subject Term: BARBECUE cooking; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (105650-23-5) (PhIP); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (95896-78-9) (DiMeIQx); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (77500-04-0) (MeIQx); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (76180-96-6) (IQ); Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole: 2-amino-α-carboline (CAS #26148-68-5) (AαC); Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII); Author-Supplied Keyword: grill/barbeque (BBQ); Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic amine intake; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterocyclic amines (HAs); Author-Supplied Keyword: maximum internal temperature (IT); NAICS/Industry Codes: 413160 Red meat and meat product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 445210 Meat Markets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311613 Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424470 Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.10.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kulp, K.S.
AU  - Knize, M.G.
AU  - Fowler, N.D.
AU  - Salmon, C.P.
AU  - Felton, J.S.
T1  - PhIP metabolites in human urine after consumption of well-cooked chicken
JO  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
Y1  - 2004/03/25/
VL  - 802
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
SN  - 15700232
AB  - We devised an assay to quantify the metabolites of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in human urine following a single exposure to well-cooked meat. Our method uses LC/MS/MS to detect four metabolites and four deuterated internal standard peaks in a single chromatographic run. N2-OH–PhIP–N2-glucuronide was the most abundant urinary metabolite excreted by the 12 individuals who participated in our study. N2-PhIP glucuronide was the second most abundant metabolite for 8 of the 12 volunteers. The stability of PhIP metabolism over time was studied in three of the volunteers who repeated the assay eight times over a 2.5 year-period. PhIP metabolite excretion varied in each subject over time, although the rate of excretion was more constant. Our results suggest that quantifying PhIP metabolites should make future studies of individual susceptibility and dietary interventions possible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - URINE
KW  - COOKING (Meat)
KW  - EXCRETION
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine
KW  - Food analysis
KW  - Heterocyclic aromatic amine
KW  - Metabolism
N1  - Accession Number: 12234400; Kulp, K.S.; Email Address: kulp2@llnl.gov Knize, M.G. 1 Fowler, N.D. 1 Salmon, C.P. 1 Felton, J.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, 7000 East Avenue, L-452, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 802 Issue 1, p143; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: URINE; Subject Term: COOKING (Meat); Subject Term: EXCRETION; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic aromatic amine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metabolism; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.09.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kulkarni, A.
AU  - Gutleber, J.
AU  - Sampath, S.
AU  - Goland, A.
AU  - Lindquist, W.B.
AU  - Herman, H.
AU  - Allen, A.J.
AU  - Dowd, B.
T1  - Studies of the microstructure and properties of dense ceramic coatings produced by high-velocity oxygen-fuel combustion spraying
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/03/25/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
SN  - 09215093
AB  - High-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) spraying stands out among the various processes to improve metal and ceramic coating density and surface characteristics. This paper explores microstructure development, coating characterization and properties of HVOF sprayed alumina coatings and compares these with those produced using the conventional air plasma spray process. We report on the characterization of these coatings using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and X-ray computed microtomography (XMT) to explain the behavior observed for the two coating systems. Microstructure information on porosity, void orientation distribution, void mean opening dimensions and internal surface areas have been obtained using SANS. XMT (X-ray synchrotron microtomography) has been used to nondestructively image the microstructural features in 3D at a 2.7-μm spatial resolution over a 2–3 mm field of view. 3D medial axis analysis has been used for the quantitative analysis of the coarse void space in order to obtain information on the porosity, specific surface area, pore connectivity and size distribution of the larger voids in the coatings. The results reveal different pore morphologies for the two spray processes. While only globular pores are imaged in the plasma sprayed coatings due to the spatial resolution limit, highly layered porosity is imaged in the HVOF coating. When the quantitative SANS and XMT information are combined, the different thermal and mechanical properties of the two different coating types can be explained in terms of their distinctly different void microstructures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CERAMIC coating
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - Coatings
KW  - Computed microtomography
KW  - Elastic modulus
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Porosity
KW  - Small angle neutron scattering
KW  - Thermal conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12378500; Kulkarni, A. 1; Email Address: anand.kulkarni@sunysb.edu Gutleber, J. 1 Sampath, S. 1 Goland, A. 1 Lindquist, W.B. 1 Herman, H. 1 Allen, A.J. 2 Dowd, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA  2: Ceramics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 369 Issue 1/2, p124; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CERAMIC coating; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computed microtomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic modulus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small angle neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal conductivity; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.295
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahn, K. H.
AU  - Lookman, T.
AU  - Bishop, A. R.
T1  - Strain-induced metal-insulator phase coexistence in perovskite manganites.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/03/25/
VL  - 428
IS  - 6981
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 404
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The coexistence of distinct metallic and insulating electronic phases within the same sample of a perovskite manganite, such as La1-x-yPryCaxMnO3, presents researchers with a tool for tuning the electronic properties in materials. In particular, colossal magnetoresistance in these materials-the dramatic reduction of resistivity in a magnetic field-is closely related to the observed texture owing to nanometre- and micrometre-scale inhomogeneities. Despite accumulated data from various high-resolution probes, a theoretical understanding for the existence of such inhomogeneities has been lacking. Mechanisms invoked so far, usually based on electronic mechanisms and chemical disorder, have been inadequate to describe the multiscale, multiphase coexistence within a unified picture. Moreover, lattice distortions and long-range strains are known to be important in the manganites. Here we show that the texturing can be due to the intrinsic complexity of a system with strong coupling between the electronic and elastic degrees of freedom. This leads to local energetically favourable configurations and provides a natural mechanism for the self-organized inhomogeneities over both nanometre and micrometre scales. The framework provides a physical understanding of various experimental results and a basis for engineering nanoscale patterns of metallic and insulating phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MATERIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12644193; Ahn, K. H. 1 Lookman, T. 1 Bishop, A. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: 3/25/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6981, p401; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MATERIALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02364
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dracoulis, G.D.
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
AU  - Lane, G.J.
AU  - Byrne, A.P.
AU  - Kibédi, T.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Freeman, S.J.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Hammond, N.J.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - Mukherjee, G.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Chowdhury, P.
AU  - Tandel, S.K.
AU  - Gramer, R.
T1  - Identification of yrast high-<f>K</f> isomers in 177Lu and characterisation of <f>177mLu</f>
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/03/25/
VL  - 584
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Long-lived high-<f>K</f> states have been identified in 177Lu, including an isomer with <f>τ>10</f> μs, placed at 3530 keV and associated with the yrast <f>Kπ=39/2−</f>, 5-quasiparticle state predicted in multi-quasiparticle-state calculations. The <f>γ</f>-decay of the isomer exposes the rotational band based on the 160-day <f>23/2−</f> isomer, <f>177mLu</f>, with band properties which support its proposed configuration. A 90-ns isomer at 1325 keV is associated with the predicted 3-quasiparticle <f>Kπ=25/2+</f> state while a 5-quasiparticle <f>33/2+</f>, 902-ns isomer with highly-hindered decays is identified at 2771 keV. Both exhibit rotational bands whose properties are used to support the assigned configurations. The possibility that the <f>Kπ=39/2−</f> isomer found in this work should be identified with a <f>β</f>-decaying isomer, proposed recently to populate the 51-min <f>37/2−</f> isomer in 177Hf, is discussed in terms of the implied <f>logft</f> values, configuration changes, and hindrances for <f>K</f>-forbidden <f>γ</f>-decays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - DECAY schemes (Radioactivity)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12435073; Dracoulis, G.D. 1; Email Address: george.dracoulis@anu.edu.au Kondev, F.G. 2 Lane, G.J. 1 Byrne, A.P. 1,3 Kibédi, T. 1 Ahmad, I. 4 Carpenter, M.P. 4 Freeman, S.J. 4 Janssens, R.V.F. 4 Hammond, N.J. 4 Lauritsen, T. 4 Lister, C.J. 4 Mukherjee, G. 4,5 Seweryniak, D. 4 Chowdhury, P. 5 Tandel, S.K. 5 Gramer, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Physics, R.S.Phys.S.E., Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia  2: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  3: Department of Physics, The Faculties, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia  4: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA 01854, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 584 Issue 1/2, p22; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: DECAY schemes (Radioactivity); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.01.056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lalrempuia, R.
AU  - Govindaswamy, P.
AU  - Mozharivskyj, Yurij A.
AU  - Kollipara, Mohan Rao
T1  - Reactivity studies of cyclopentadienyl bis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) complex towards some polypyridyl ligands
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2004/03/25/
VL  - 23
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1069
SN  - 02775387
AB  - The reaction of [CpRu(PPh3)2Cl] (1) (Cp=<f>η5</f>-C5H5) with excess of some potentially bridging ligands viz. 2,3-bis(α-pyridyl)pyrazine (bpp), 2,3-bis(α-pyridyl)quinoxaline (bpq), 1,3,5-tris(pyridyl)-2,4,6-triazine (tptz) and 2,3,5,6-tetrakis(pyridyl)pyrazine (tppz) yielded cationic mononuclear complexes of the type [CpRu(PPh3)(bpp)]+ (2), [CpRu(PPh3)(bpq)]+ (3), [CpRu(PPh3)(tptz)]+ (4) and [CpRu(PPh3)(tppz)]+ (5), respectively. These complexes have been isolated as hexafluorophosphate salts. They were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 31P {1H} NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of representative complexes 3 and 5 have been solved by single crystal X-ray crystallography. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - 1,3,5-Tris(pyridyl)-2,4,6-triazine
KW  - 2,3,5,6-Tetrakis(pyridyl)pyrazine
KW  - 2,3-Bis(α-pyridyl)pyrazine
KW  - Cyclopentadienyl
KW  - Ruthenium
N1  - Accession Number: 12573111; Lalrempuia, R. 1 Govindaswamy, P. 1 Mozharivskyj, Yurij A. 2 Kollipara, Mohan Rao 1; Email Address: kmrao@nehu.ac.in; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793 022, India  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 23 Issue 6, p1069; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,3,5-Tris(pyridyl)-2,4,6-triazine; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2,3,5,6-Tetrakis(pyridyl)pyrazine; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2,3-Bis(α-pyridyl)pyrazine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclopentadienyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.poly.2004.01.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sulsky, D.
AU  - Kaul, A.
T1  - Implicit dynamics in the material-point method
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/03/26/
VL  - 193
IS  - 12-14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1137
SN  - 00457825
AB  - A time-implicit discretization is derived and validated for the material-point method (MPM). The resulting non-linear, discrete equations are solved using Newton''s method combined with either the conjugate gradient method or the generalized minimum residual method. These Newton–Krylov solvers are implemented in a matrix-free fashion for numerical efficiency. A description of the algorithms and evaluation of their performance is presented. On all test problems, if the time step is chosen appropriately, the implicit solution technique is more efficient than an explicit method without loss of desired features in the solutions. In a dramatic example, time steps 10,000 times the explicit step size are possible for the large deformation compression of a cylindrical billet at 1.2% the computational cost. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANALYTICAL mechanics
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Conjugate-gradient
KW  - GMRES
KW  - Implicit
KW  - Material-point method
KW  - Newton–Krylov
N1  - Accession Number: 12502131; Sulsky, D. 1; Email Address: sulsky@math.unm.edu Kaul, A. 2; Email Address: akaul@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box MS B259, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 193 Issue 12-14, p1137; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL mechanics; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conjugate-gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: GMRES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implicit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Material-point method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton–Krylov; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, J.S.
AU  - Kotta, V.
AU  - Lu, H.
AU  - Wang, D.
AU  - Moldovan, D.
AU  - Wolf, D.
T1  - A variational formulation and a double-grid method for meso-scale modeling of stressed grain growth in polycrystalline materials
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/03/26/
VL  - 193
IS  - 12-14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1277
SN  - 00457825
AB  - A deterministic approach for meso-scale modeling of grain growth in stressed polycrystalline materials based on the principle of virtual power is presented. The variational equation is formulated based on the power balance of the system associated with grain boundary surface tension and curvature, rate of strain energy stored in each grain, strain energy density jump across the grain boundaries, and external work rate. The numerical solution of stressed grain growth variational equation requires discretization of grain interiors and grain boundaries. This cannot be effectively modeled by Lagrangian, Eulerian, or Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian finite element method if grain boundary migration (moving interfaces) and topological changes of grain boundary geometry are considered. This paper presents a double-grid method to resolve the above mentioned difficulty. In this approach, the material grid points carry material kinematic variables, whereas the grain boundary grid points carry grain boundary kinematic variables. The material domain is discretized by a moving least squares reproducing kernel approximation with strain discontinuity enrichment across the grain boundaries. The grain boundaries, on the other hand, are discretized by the standard finite elements. An interface enrichment function to accurately capture strain jump conditions across the grain boundaries is introduced. A reproducing kernel approximation that includes the periodicity of the unit cell in the construction of reproducing kernel shape function for material velocity is also presented. This proposed double-grid method allows modeling of arbitrary evolution of grain boundaries without remeshing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESHFREE methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - PARTITION of unity method
KW  - KERNEL functions
KW  - COMPLEX variables
KW  - Grain boundary migration
KW  - Grain growth
KW  - Meshfree method
KW  - Microstructure evolution
KW  - Reproducing kernel approximation
N1  - Accession Number: 12502138; Chen, J.S. 1; Email Address: jschen@seas.ucla.edu Kotta, V. 1 Lu, H. 2 Wang, D. 1 Moldovan, D. 3 Wolf, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 5731 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1593, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louisiana State University, 2504 CEBA, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA  4: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 193 Issue 12-14, p1277; Subject Term: MESHFREE methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: PARTITION of unity method; Subject Term: KERNEL functions; Subject Term: COMPLEX variables; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meshfree method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reproducing kernel approximation; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang Chao
AU  - Dax Fu
T1  - Kinetic Study of the Antiport Mechanism of an Escherichia coli Zinc Transporter, ZitB.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/26/
VL  - 279
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 12043
EP  - 12050
SN  - 00219258
AB  - ZitB is a member of the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family that mediates efflux of zinc across the plasma membrane of Escherichia coil. We describe the first kinetic study of the purified and reconstituted ZitB by stopped-flow measurements of transmembrane fluxes of metal ions using a metal-sensitive fluorescent indicator encapsulated in proteoliposomes. Metal ion filling experiments showed that the initial rate of Zn2+ influx was a linear function of the molar ratio of ZitB to lipid and was related to the concentration of Zn2+ or Cd2+ by a hyperbola with a Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of 104.9 ± 5.4 (LM and 90.1 ± 3.7 µM, respectively. Depletion of proton stalled Cd2+ transport down its diffusion gradient, whereas tetraethylammonium ion substitution for K+ did not affect Cd2+ transport, indicating that Cd2+ transport is coupled to H+ rather than to K+. H+ transport was inferred by the H+ dependence of Cd2+ transport, showing a hyperbolic relationship with a Km of 19.9 nM for H+ Applying H+ diffusion gradients across the membrane caused Cd2+ fluxes both into and out of proteoliposomes against the imposed H+ gradients. Likewise, applying outwardly oriented membrane electrical potential resulted in Cd2+ efflux, demonstrating the electrogenic effect of ZitB transport. Taken together, these results indicate that ZitB is an antiporter catalyzing the obligatory exchange of Zn2+ or Cd2+ for lit The exchange stoichiometry of metal ion for proton is likely to be 1:1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - IONS
KW  - ZINC
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15413059; Yang Chao 1 Dax Fu 1; Email Address: dax@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 3/26/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 13, p12043; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: CATIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 20 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10. 1074/jbc.M313510200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norman, Michael
T1  - Have Cuprates Earned Their Stripes?
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/26/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5666
M3  - Article
SP  - 1985
EP  - 1986
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The debate about how electrons behave in high-temperature cuprate superconductors seems to be never-ending. On one side are those who advocate that even though the electrons in these materials are strongly interacting, they can still be thought of as coherent waves propagating through a lattice of ions, leading to well-defined electronic states in momentum space. Superconducting regions exhibit a well-defined energy gap delimited by sharp spectral peaks, whereas pseudogap regions exhibit a smeared energy gap with no such peaks. This dichotomy has led to a debate concerning the interpretation of certain features seen in the Fourier transform of these spectra from real space to momentum space. One group has found a Fourier peak that appears to be nondispersive in energy, suggesting the formation of charged stripes in the material.
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12791490; Norman, Michael 1; Email Address: norman@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: 3/26/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5666, p1985; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1231
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Derdeyn,, Cynthia A.
AU  - Decker, Julie M.
AU  - Bibollet-Ruche, Frederic
AU  - Mokili, John L.
AU  - Muldoon, Mark
AU  - Denham, Scott A.
AU  - Heil, Marintha L.
AU  - Kasolo, Francis
AU  - Musonda, Rosemary
AU  - Hahn, Beatrice H.
AU  - Shaw, George M.
AU  - Korber, Bette T.
AU  - Allen, Susan
AU  - Hunter, Eric
T1  - Envelope-Constrained Neutralization-Sensitive HIV-1 AfterHeterosexual Transmission.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/03/26/
VL  - 303
IS  - 5666
M3  - Article
SP  - 2019
EP  - 2022
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Heterosexual transmission accounts for the majority of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infections worldwide, yet the viral properties that determine transmission fitness or outgrowth have not been elucidated. Here we show, for eight heterosexual transmission pairs, that recipient viruses were monophyletic, encoding compact, glycan-restricted envelope glycoproteins. These viruses were also uniquely sensitive to neutralization by antibody from the transmitting partner. Thus, the exposure of neutralizing epitopes, which are lost in chronic infection because of immune escape, appears to be favored in the newly infected host. This reveals characteristics of the envelope glycoprotein that influence HIV-1 transmission and may have implications for vaccine design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - IMMUNITY
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - ANTIGENIC determinants
KW  - VACCINES
N1  - Accession Number: 12791504; Derdeyn,, Cynthia A. 1,2 Decker, Julie M. 3 Bibollet-Ruche, Frederic 2,4 Mokili, John L. 5 Muldoon, Mark 6 Denham, Scott A. 1 Heil, Marintha L. 1 Kasolo, Francis 7 Musonda, Rosemary 8 Hahn, Beatrice H. 1,2,4 Shaw, George M. 1,2,3,4 Korber, Bette T. 5,9 Allen, Susan 2,10 Hunter, Eric 1,2; Email Address: ehunter@uab.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology  2: University of Alabama at Birmingham Center for AIDS Research; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.  3: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.  4: Department of Medicine  5: HIV Sequence Database, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA.  6: Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, UK.  7: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.  8: Tropical Disease Research Center, Ndola, Zambia.  9: Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA.  10: Department of Epidemiology and International Health, School of Public Health; Source Info: 3/26/2004, Vol. 303 Issue 5666, p2019; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: IMMUNITY; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: ANTIGENIC determinants; Subject Term: VACCINES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2831
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutter, E.
AU  - Sutter, P.
AU  - Bernard, J.E.
T1  - Extended shape evolution of low mismatch Si[sub 1-x]Ge[sub x] alloy islands on Si(100).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2262
EP  - 2264
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The sequence of shape transitions in low mismatch, dilute coherent Si[sub 1-x]Ge[sub x] (x<0.2) alloy islands was documented by scanning tunneling microscopy and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. In dilute Si[sub 1-x]Ge[sub x] islands we observe an extended shape evolution involving a new “barn” shape formed by introduction of steep {111} facets not observed at higher mismatch strain. This extended shape evolution implies a delayed onset of plastic deformation as a result of an altered competition between strain relaxation via coherent islands and the introduction of dislocations in this regime. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON alloys
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - DEFORMATION of surfaces
KW  - DEFORMATION potential
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - TUNNELING spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12606879; Sutter, E. 1; Email Address: esutter@bnl.gov Sutter, P. 1 Bernard, J.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines  2: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: 3/29/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 13, p2262; Subject Term: SILICON alloys; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: DEFORMATION of surfaces; Subject Term: DEFORMATION potential; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: TUNNELING spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1669068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucheyev, S.O.
AU  - Siekhaus, W.J.
AU  - Land, T.A.
AU  - Demos, S.G.
T1  - Mechanical response of KD[sub 2x]H[sub 2(1-x)]PO[sub 4] crystals during nanoindentation.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2274
EP  - 2276
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The deformation behavior of rapidly grown tetragonal KD[sub 2x]H[sub 2(1-x)]PO[sub 4] (KDP and DKDP) single crystals, with a deuteration degree x of 0.0, 0.3, and 0.6, is studied by nanoindentation with a 1 μm radius spherical indenter. Within experimental error, the deformation behavior is found to be independent of the deuterium content and different for (001) and (100) surfaces. Multiple discontinuities (so-called “pop-in” events) in force-displacement curves are observed during indentation loading, but not during unloading. Slip is identified as the major mode of plastic deformation in DKDP, and pop-in events are attributed to the initiation of slip. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - DEFORMATION of surfaces
KW  - POTASSIUM compounds
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12606875; Kucheyev, S.O. 1; Email Address: kucheyev1@llnl.gov Siekhaus, W.J. 1 Land, T.A. 1 Demos, S.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 3/29/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 13, p2274; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: DEFORMATION of surfaces; Subject Term: POTASSIUM compounds; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690867
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shi-Shen Yan
AU  - Ren, C.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Xin, Y.
AU  - Zhou, Z.X.
AU  - Mei, L.M.
AU  - Ren, M.J.
AU  - Chen, Y.X.
AU  - Liu, Y.H.
AU  - Garmestani, H.
T1  - Ferromagnetism and magnetoresistance of Co–ZnO inhomogeneous magnetic semiconductors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2376
EP  - 2378
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Co–ZnO inhomogeneous magnetic semiconductor thin films were synthesized on the subnanometer scale by sputtering. Room temperature ferromagnetism with high magnetization was found. Large negative magnetoresistance of 11% was found at room temperature, and its value increased with a decrease in temperature up to 36% at 4.8 K. The mechanism for large negative magnetoresistance is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - COBALT compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 12606841; Shi-Shen Yan 1; Email Address: shishenyan@yahoo.com Ren, C. 2 Wang, X. 3 Xin, Y. 3 Zhou, Z.X. 3 Mei, L.M. 1 Ren, M.J. 1 Chen, Y.X. 1 Liu, Y.H. 1 Garmestani, H. 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Microelectronics, Shandong University  2: Center for Materials Research and Technology, Florida State University  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University  4: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology; Source Info: 3/29/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 13, p2376; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: COBALT compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690881
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Astafiev, K.F.
AU  - Sherman, V.O.
AU  - Tagantsev, A.K.
AU  - Setter, N.
AU  - Kaydanova, T.
AU  - Ginley, D.S.
T1  - Crossover between extrinsic and intrinsic dielectric loss mechanisms in SrTiO[sub 3] thin films at microwave frequencies.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2385
EP  - 2387
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The dc bias field dependence of the dielectric loss in SrTiO[sub 3] thin films deposited onto MgO substrate is investigated. The experimental data obtained at different frequencies of the ac field (8 and 16 GHz) from differently processed films (as deposited and oxygen annealed) strongly suggest the occurrence of a crossover in the dominant loss mechanism. The crossover is driven by the dc bias field: at weak fields the loss is governed by an extrinsic mechanism(s) whereas, at higher fields, the contribution of an intrinsic mechanism (dc field-induced quasi-Debye loss) becomes predominant. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - STRONTIUM compounds
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - DIRECT currents
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12606838; Astafiev, K.F. 1; Email Address: konstantin.astafiev@epfl.ch Sherman, V.O. 1 Tagantsev, A.K. 1 Setter, N. 1 Kaydanova, T. 2 Ginley, D.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ceramics Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Source Info: 3/29/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 13, p2385; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: STRONTIUM compounds; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: DIRECT currents; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690878
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ishizumi, Atsushi
AU  - White, C.W.
AU  - Kanemitsu, Yoshihiko
T1  - Space-resolved photoluminescence of ZnS:Cu,Al nanocrystals fabricated by sequential ion implantation.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2397
EP  - 2399
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on photoluminescence (PL) properties of Cu- and Al-doped ZnS nanocrystals fabricated by sequential implantation of Zn[sup +], S[sup +], Cu[sup +], and Al[sup +] ions into Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] matrices. The spatially resolved PL spectrum has been studied by a scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM). In the SNOM image, bright spots are observed on the sample surface. The PL spectrum at each bright spot is broad and is not sensitive to the monitored positions. The broad SNOM-PL spectrum at each spot is very similar to the macroscopic PL spectrum measured by conventional optics. The donor-acceptor pair luminescence process in nanocrystals is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - COPPER
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 12606834; Ishizumi, Atsushi 1 White, C.W. 2 Kanemitsu, Yoshihiko 1; Email Address: kanemitu@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 3/29/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 13, p2397; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689738
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Califano, Marco
AU  - Zunger, Alex
AU  - Franceschitti, Alberto
T1  - Direct carrier multiplication due to inverse Auger scattering in CdSe quantum dots.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2409
EP  - 2411
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Many optoelectronic devices could achieve much higher efficiencies if the excess energy of electrons excited well above the conduction band minimum could be used to promote other valence electrons across the gap rather than being lost to phonons. It would then be possible to obtain two electron–hole pairs from one. In bulk materials, this process is inherently inefficient due to the constraint of simultaneous energy and momentum conservation. We calculated the rate of these processes, and of selected competing ones, in CdSe colloidal dots, using our semi-empirical nonlocal pseudopotential approach. We find much higher carrier multiplication rates than in conventional bulk materials for electron excess energies just above the energy gap E[sub g]. We also find that in a neutral dot, the only effective competing mechanism is Auger cooling, whose decay rates can be comparable to those calculated for the carrier multiplication process. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
N1  - Accession Number: 12606830; Califano, Marco 1 Zunger, Alex 1; Email Address: alex_zunger@nrel.gov Franceschitti, Alberto 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 3/29/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 13, p2409; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690104
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12606830&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hee-Jung Im
AU  - Willis, Carl
AU  - Stephan, Andrew C.
AU  - Pawel, Michelle D.
AU  - Saengkerdsub, Suree
AU  - Sheng Dai
T1  - Transparent matrix structures for detection of neutron particles based on di-ureasil xerogels.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2448
EP  - 2450
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - An important element in the development of advanced neutron detectors is the synthesis and characterization of improved, highly efficient neutron-scintillating materials. The research described here concerns the development of elastic, transparent, and thick film neutron scintillators with high [sup 6]Li[sup +] loading through room-temperature sol-gel processing. The room-temperature sol-gel processing allows an easy integration of such scintillating materials into electronic detecting devices. The lithium-6 salicylate di-ureasil xerogels developed here show promise for the fabrication of large area neutron detectors and have high potential for use in in situ monitoring and imaging of fissile materials and radioactive contaminants. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 12606817; Hee-Jung Im 1 Willis, Carl 1 Stephan, Andrew C. 1 Pawel, Michelle D. 1 Saengkerdsub, Suree 1 Sheng Dai 1; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 3/29/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 13, p2448; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: MATRICES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690464
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corwin, A.D.
AU  - de Boer, M.P.
T1  - Effect of adhesion on dynamic and static friction in surface micromachining.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 84
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2451
EP  - 2453
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We measure friction of monolayer-lubricated microelectromechanical systems surfaces under both static and dynamic conditions while continuously controlling the applied normal load at positive or negative values (i.e., compression or tension). The dynamic friction experiment methodology we have devised enables fitting to the complete one-dimensional equation of motion. We observe friction at zero applied load, and quantitatively attribute this to interfacial adhesion. Within error, the adhesive force is the same under static and dynamic conditions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADHESION
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - MACHINING
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL devices
N1  - Accession Number: 12606816; Corwin, A.D. 1; Email Address: adcorwi@sandia.gov de Boer, M.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Reliability Physics Department, Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: 3/29/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 13, p2451; Subject Term: ADHESION; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: MACHINING; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691198
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williford, R.E.
AU  - Singh, P.
T1  - Engineered cathodes for high performance SOFCs
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/03/29/
VL  - 128
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Computational design analysis of a high performance cathode is a cost-effective means of exploring new microstructure and material options for solid oxide fuel cells. A two-layered porous cathode design has been developed that includes a thinner layer with smaller grain diameters at the cathode/electrolyte interface followed by a relatively thicker outer layer with larger grains at the electrode/oxidant interface. Results are presented for the determination of spatially dependent current generation distributions, assessment of the importance of concentration polarization, and sensitivity to measurable microstructural variables. Estimates of the electrode performance in air at 700 °C indicate that performance approaching 3.1 A/cm2 at 0.078 V is theoretically possible. The limitations of the model are described, along with efforts needed to verify and refine the predictions. The feasibility of fabricating the electrode configuration is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - Cathodes
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cells
N1  - Accession Number: 12378388; Williford, R.E.; Email Address: rick.williford@pnl.gov Singh, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Mail Stop K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cells; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.09.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Early, James T.
AU  - Bibeau, Camille
AU  - Phipps, Claude
T1  - Space debris de-orbiting by vaporization impulse using short pulse laser.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/03/30/
VL  - 702
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
EP  - 201
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Space debris constitutes a significant hazard to low earth orbit satellites and particularly to manned spacecraft. A quite small velocity decrease from vaporization impulses is enough to lower the perigee of the debris sufficiently for atmospheric drag to de-orbit the debris. A short pulse (picosecond) laser version of the Orion concept can accomplish this task in several years of operation. The “Mercury” short pulse Yb:S-FAP laser being developed at LLNL for laser fusion is appropriate for this task. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - SPACE debris
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - ENGINEERING systems
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 12817419; Early, James T. 1 Bibeau, Camille 1 Phipps, Claude 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 7000 East Vanue, Livermore, CA, USA  2: Photonic Associates 200A Ojo de la Vaca Road, Santa Fe, NM, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 702 Issue 1, p190; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: SPACE debris; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: ENGINEERING systems; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1721000
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krupke, W. F.
AU  - Beach, R. J.
AU  - Payne, S. A.
AU  - Kanz, V. K.
AU  - Early, J. T.
T1  - DPAL: A new class of lasers for cw power beaming at ideal photovoltaic cell wavelengths.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/03/30/
VL  - 702
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 377
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The new class of diode pumped alkali vapor lasers (DPALs) offers high efficiency cw laser beams at wavelengths which efficiently couple to photovoltaic (PV) cells: silicon cells at 895 nm (cesium), and GaAs cells at 795 nm (rubidium) and at 770 nm (potassium). DPAL electrical efficiencies of 25–30% are projected, enabling PV cell efficiencies ∼40% (Si) and ∼60% (GaAs). Near-diffraction-limited DPAL device power scaling into the multi-kilowatt regime from a single aperture is projected. The potential application to power beaming propulsion to raise satellites from LEO to Geo is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL vapor lasers
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - GAS lasers
KW  - PHOTOELECTRIC cells
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - LASERS
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 12817404; Krupke, W. F. 1 Beach, R. J. 1 Payne, S. A. 1 Kanz, V. K. 1 Early, J. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 702 Issue 1, p367; Subject Term: METAL vapor lasers; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: GAS lasers; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRIC cells; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1721015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vu, Dung M.
AU  - Myers, Jeffrey K.
AU  - Oas, Terrence G.
AU  - Dyer, R. Brian
T1  - Probing the Folding and Unfolding Dynamics of Secondary and Tertiary Structures in a Three-Helix Bundle Protein.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/03/30/
VL  - 43
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3582
EP  - 3589
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Fast relaxation kinetics studies of the B-domain of staphylococcal protein A were performed to characterize the folding and unfolding of this small three-helix bundle protein. The relaxation kinetics were initiated using a laser-induced temperature jump and probed using time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. The kinetics monitored within the amide I' absorbance of the polypeptide backbone exhibit two distinct kinetics phases with nanosecond and microsecond relaxation times. The fast kinetics relaxation time is close to the diffusion limits placed on protein folding reactions. The fast kinetics phase is dominated by the relaxation of the solvated helix (v = 1632 cm-1), which reports on the fast relaxation of the individual helices. The slow kinetics phase follows the cooperative relaxation of the native helical bundle core that is monitored by both solvated (v = 1632 cm-1) and buried helical JR bands (v = 1652 cm-1). The folding rates of the slow kinetics phase calculated over an extended temperature range indicate that the core formation of this protein follows a pathway that is energetically downhill. The unfolding rates are much more strongly temperature-dependent indicating an activated process with a large energy barrier. These results provide significant insight into the primary process of protein folding and suggest that fast formation of helices can drive the folding of helical proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus
KW  - BACTERIAL proteins
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - AMIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 12915160; Vu, Dung M. 1 Myers, Jeffrey K. 2 Oas, Terrence G. 3 Dyer, R. Brian 1; Email Address: bdyer@lanl.gov.; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Department of Biochemistry, 5140 MRB Ill, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.  3: Department of Biochemistry, Box 3711, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.; Source Info: 3/30/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 12, p3582; Subject Term: STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; Subject Term: BACTERIAL proteins; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: AMIDES; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tolmachev, Yuriy V.
AU  - Scherson, Daniel A.
T1  - The electrochemical oxidation of sulfite on gold: UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy at a rotating disk electrode
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/03/30/
VL  - 49
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1315
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Certain aspects of the electrochemical oxidation of sulfite in buffered, mildly acidic aqueous solutions (pH 5.23) have been examined using in situ near normal incidence UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy (NNI-UVRS) at a Au rotating disk electrode (RDE). The dependence of the limiting current, ilim, on the rotation rate of the RDE was found to display classical Levich behavior up to potentials well within the range in which Au forms a surface oxide in the neat (sulfite-free) supporting electrolyte. However, simultaneous in situ NNI-UVRS measurements performed at <F>λ=500</F> nm during sulfite oxidation failed to show any evidence for the presence of oxide on the Au surface within that entire potential range. Polarization of the Au RDE at more positive potentials led to a sudden drop in ilim, ca. an order of magnitude, which correlated with an abrupt decrease in the intensity of the reflected light, consistent with formation of (one or more forms of) Au oxide on the surface. On the basis of these and other observations a model has been proposed in which sulfite reacts chemically with adsorbed oxygen on the surface (oxygen atom transfer) in the region that precedes partial inhibition. As the potential is increased, adsorbed oxygen undergoes Au–O place exchange forming two-dimensional nuclei on the surface, which undergo rapid (autocatalytic) growth, covering an area large enough to block significantly sulfite oxidation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Electrochemical oxidation
KW  - Rotating disk electrodes
KW  - UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12096563; Tolmachev, Yuriy V. 1,2 Scherson, Daniel A. 1; Email Address: dxs16@po.cwru.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7078, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass. Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 49 Issue 8, p1315; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating disk electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2003.07.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - HARRIS, D. A.
T1  - FUTURE EXPERIMENTS WITH NEUTRINO SUPERBEAMS, BETA-BEAMS, AND NEUTRINO FACTORIES.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/03/30/
VL  - 19
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1201
EP  - 1215
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - This report describes the goals of the next generations of accelerator-based neutrino experiments, and the various strategies that are being considered to achieve those goals. Because these next steps in the field are significantly different from the current or previous steps, novel techniques must be considered for both the detectors and the neutrino beams themselves. We consider not only conventional neutrino beams created by decays of pions, but also those which could be made by decays of beams of relativistic isotopes (so-called "β-beams") and also by decays of beams of muons (neutrino factories). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PIONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12918762; HARRIS, D. A. 1; Email Address: dharris@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500 Batavia, Illinois; Source Info: 3/30/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 8, p1201; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pugach, Pavel
AU  - Kuhmann, Shawn E.
AU  - Taylor, Joann
AU  - Marozsan, Andre J.
AU  - Snyder, Amy
AU  - Ketas, Thomas
AU  - Wolinsky, Steven M.
AU  - Korber, Bette T.
AU  - Moore, John P.
T1  - The prolonged culture of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in primary lymphocytes increases its sensitivity to neutralization by soluble CD4
JO  - Virology
JF  - Virology
Y1  - 2004/03/30/
VL  - 321
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 00426822
AB  - Primary strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are known to adapt to replication in cell lines in vitro by becoming sensitive to soluble CD4 (sCD4) and neutralizing antibodies (NAb). T-cell lines favor isolation of variants that use CXCR4 as a co-receptor, while primary isolates predominantly use CCR5. We have now studied how a primary R5 isolate, CC1/85, adapts to prolonged replication in primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). After 19 passages, a variant virus, CCcon.19, had increased sensitivity to both sCD4 and NAb b12 that binds to a CD4-binding site (CD4BS)-associated epitope, but decreased sensitivity to anti-CD4 antibodies. CCcon.19 retains the R5 phenotype, its resistance to other NAbs was unaltered, its sensitivity to various entry inhibitors was unchanged, and its ability to replicate in macrophages was modestly increased. We define CCcon.19 as a primary T-cell adapted (PTCA) variant. Genetic sequence analysis combined with mutagenesis studies on clonal, chimeric viruses derived from CC1/85 and the PTCA variant showed that the most important changes were in the V1/V2 loop structure, one of them involving the loss of an N-linked glycosylation site. Monomeric gp120 proteins expressed from CC1/85 and the PTCA variant did not differ in their affinities for sCD4, suggesting that the structural consequences of the sequence changes were manifested at the level of the native, trimeric Env complex. Overall, the adaptation process probably involves selection for variants with higher CD4 affinity and hence greater fusion efficiency, but this also involves the loss of some resistance to neutralization by agents directed at or near to the CD4BS. The loss of neutralization resistance is of no relevance under in vitro conditions, but NAbs would presumably be a counter-selection pressure against such adaptive changes in vivo, at least when the humoral immune response is intact. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Virology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry)
KW  - T cells
KW  - CCcon.19
KW  - CD4
KW  - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1
N1  - Accession Number: 12578216; Pugach, Pavel 1 Kuhmann, Shawn E. 1 Taylor, Joann 2 Marozsan, Andre J. 1 Snyder, Amy 1 Ketas, Thomas 1 Wolinsky, Steven M. 2 Korber, Bette T. 3,4 Moore, John P. 1; Email Address: jpm2003@med.cornell.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA  2: Department of Medicine, The Feinberg Medical School, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA  3: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 321 Issue 1, p8; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject Term: NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: T cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: CCcon.19; Author-Supplied Keyword: CD4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.virol.2003.12.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fiedler, Dorothea
AU  - Leung, Dennis H.
AU  - Bergman, Robert G.
AU  - Raymond, Kenneth N.
T1  - Enantioselective Guest Binding and Dynamic Resolution of Cationic Ruthenium Complexes by a Chiral Metal -- Ligand Assembly.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/31/
VL  - 126
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3674
EP  - 3675
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article focuses on the enantioselective guest binding and dynamic resolution of cationic ruthenium complexes by a chiral metal. It proposes that artificial container molecules can fulfill similar functions, mimicking recognition processes or enzyme-catalyzed conversions. Synthetic supramolecular assemblies have demonstrated their ability to encapsulate organic guests based on their size, shape, and functional group complementarity. Thus, this article reports the encapsulation of organometallic complexes, which have been assumed to be catalytically active, into a chiral well-defined cavity.
KW  - ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - CHIRALITY
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - PLATINUM group
KW  - ENZYMES
N1  - Accession Number: 12927275; Fiedler, Dorothea 1,2 Leung, Dennis H. 1,2 Bergman, Robert G. 1,2 Raymond, Kenneth N. 1,2; Email Address: raymond@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 3/31/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 12, p3674; Subject Term: ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: CHIRALITY; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: PLATINUM group; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Autrey, Tom
AU  - Brown, Aaron K.
AU  - Camaioni, Donald M.
AU  - Dupuis, Michel
AU  - Foster, Nancy S.
AU  - Getty, April
T1  - Thermochemistry of Aqueous Hydroxyl Radical from Advances in Photoacoustic Calorimetry and ab Initio Continuum Solvation Theory.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/31/
VL  - 126
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3680
EP  - 3681
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article focuses on the thermochemistry of aqueous hydroxyl radical from advances in photoacoustic calorimetry (PAC) and ab initio continuum solvation theory. It reports using PAC to measure the reaction enthalpy and volume for dissociation of hydrogen peroxide. It determined the effect of hydration on the homolytic bond scission of H2O2. The results validate PAC for measuring the thermochemistry of free radicals in water. Furthermore, it introduces a new advanced approach to defining realistic solute cavities for ab initio continuum models of solvation. Extension of the work in these areas is in progress and will be reported subsequently.
KW  - HYDROGEN peroxide
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
KW  - HYDROXYL group
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - CALORIMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12927278; Autrey, Tom 1 Brown, Aaron K. 1 Camaioni, Donald M. 1; Email Address: Donald.Camaioni@pnl.gov Dupuis, Michel 1 Foster, Nancy S. 1 Getty, April 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 908 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 3/31/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 12, p3680; Subject Term: HYDROGEN peroxide; Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: HYDROXYL group; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dreuw, Andreas
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - Failure of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for Long-Range Charge-Transfer Excited States: The Zincbacteriochlorln -- Bacteriochlorin and Bacteriochlorophyll -- Spheroidene Complexes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/03/31/
VL  - 126
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4007
EP  - 4016
SN  - 00027863
AB  - It is well-known that time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) yields substantial errors for the excitation energies of charge-transfer (CT) excited states, when approximate standard exchange-correlation (xc) functionals are used, for example, SVWN, BLYP, or B3LYP. Also, the correct 1/R asymptotic behavior of CT states with respect to a distance coordinate R between the separated charges of the CT state is not reproduced by TDDFT employing these xc-functionals. Here, we demonstrate by analysis of the TDDFT equations that the first failure is due to the self-interaction error in the orbital energies from the ground-state DFT calculation, while the latter is a similar self-interaction error in TDDFT arising through the electron transfer in the CT state. Possible correction schemes, such as inclusion of exact Hartree-Fock or exact Kohn-Sham exchange, as well as aspects of the exact xc-functional are discussed in this context. Furthermore, a practical approach is proposed which combines the benefits of TDDFT and configuration interaction singles (CIS) and which does not suffer from electron-transfer self-interaction. The latter approach is applied to a (1,4)-phenylene-linked zincbacteriochlorin-bacteriochlorin complex and to a bacteriochlorophyll-spheroidene complex, in which CT states may play important roles in energy and electron-transfer processes. The errors of TDDFT alone for the CT states are demonstrated, and reasonable estimates for the true excitation energies of these states are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ERRORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12927335; Dreuw, Andreas 1; Email Address: andreas.dreuw@theochem.uni-frankfurt.de Head-Gordon, Martin 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe- Universität Frankfurt, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, 60439 Frankfurt, Germany.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Chemical Science and Physical Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1470.; Source Info: 3/31/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 12, p4007; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ERRORS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - González, Jhanis J.
AU  - Fernández, Alberto
AU  - Mao, Xianglei
AU  - Russo, Richard E.
T1  - Scanning vs. single spot laser ablation (λ=213 nm) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2004/03/31/
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
SN  - 05848547
AB  - Sampling strategy is defined in this work as the interaction of a repetitively pulsed laser beam with a fixed position on a sample (single spot) or with a moving sample (scan). Analytical performance of these sampling strategies was compared by using 213 nm laser ablation ICP-MS. A geological rock (Tuff) was quantitatively analyzed based on NIST series 610-616 glass standard reference materials. Laser ablation data were compared to ICP-MS analysis of the dissolved samples. The scan strategy (50 μm/s) produced a flat, steady temporal ICP-MS response whereas the single spot strategy produced a signal that decayed with time (after 60 s). Single-spot sampling provided better accuracy and precision than the scan strategy when the first 15 s of the sampling time was eliminated from the data analysis. In addition, the single spot strategy showed less matrix dependence among the four NIST glasses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - NIST glass
KW  - Sampling strategy
N1  - Accession Number: 12745603; González, Jhanis J. 1 Fernández, Alberto 1 Mao, Xianglei 2 Russo, Richard E. 2; Email Address: rerusso@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Centro de Fisicoquímica Escuela de Química, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p369; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: NIST glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sampling strategy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sab.2003.12.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knippel, Brad C.
AU  - Padgett, Clifford W.
AU  - Marcus, R. Kenneth
T1  - TOF plotter—a program to perform routine analysis time-of-flight mass spectral data
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2004/03/31/
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
SN  - 05848547
AB  - The main article discusses the operation and application of the program to mass spectral data files. This laboratory has recently reported the construction and characterization of a linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ToF-MS) utilizing a radio frequency glow discharge ionization source. Data acquisition and analysis was performed using a digital oscilloscope and Microsoft Excel, respectively. Presently, no software package is available that is specifically designed for time-of-flight mass spectral analysis that is not instrument dependent. While spreadsheet applications such as Excel offer tremendous utility, they can be cumbersome when repeatedly performing tasks which are too complex or too user intensive for macros to be viable. To address this situation and make data analysis a faster, simpler task, our laboratory has developed a Microsoft Windows-based software program coded in Microsoft Visual Basic. This program enables the user to rapidly perform routine data analysis tasks such as mass calibration, plotting and smoothing on x–y data sets. In addition to a suite of tools for data analysis, a number of calculators are built into the software to simplify routine calculations pertaining to linear ToF-MS. These include mass resolution, ion kinetic energy and single peak identification calculators. A detailed description of the software and its associated functions is presented followed by a characterization of its performance in the analysis of several representative ToF-MS spectra obtained from different GD-ToF-MS systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Glow discharge
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Spectral analysis software
KW  - Time-of-flight mass spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 12745604; Knippel, Brad C. 1 Padgett, Clifford W. 2 Marcus, R. Kenneth 2; Email Address: marcusr@clemson.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mail Stop K484, Actinide Analytical Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, Mexico  2: Department of Chemistry, Howard L. Hunter Chemical Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Source Info: Mar2004, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p375; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glow discharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral analysis software; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-of-flight mass spectrometer; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sab.2004.01.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sugama, T.
AU  - Brothers, L. E.
T1  - Sodium-silicate-activated slag for acid-resistant geothermal well cements.
JO  - Advances in Cement Research
JF  - Advances in Cement Research
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 87
SN  - 09517197
AB  - The article focuses on the use of Sodium-silicate-activated slag (SSAS) cement for acid-resistant geothermal well cements. Researchers found that SSAS has a high potential for completing the upper region of geothermal wells, which contains a highly concentrated acid and some carbon dioxide. Ground granulated blast furnace slag is very attractive for use as a cementitious material because of its resistance to sulphate attack, its ability to mitigate alkali silica reactions, and its low price. Alkaline activators, such as caustic alkalis, non-silicate salts and silicates, have been incorporated into the slag cement to stimulate latent hydrolytic properties, and also to promote hydration.
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - SLAG
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - BLAST furnaces
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
N1  - Accession Number: 17615137; Sugama, T. 1 Brothers, L. E.; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p77; Subject Term: CEMENT; Subject Term: SLAG; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: BLAST furnaces; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Imhoff, Paul T.
AU  - Tompson, Andrew F.B.
T1  - A tribute to George F. Pinder
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 307
SN  - 03091708
N1  - Accession Number: 12777081; Imhoff, Paul T. 1; Email Address: afbt@llnl.gov Tompson, Andrew F.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA Tel.: +1-925-422-6348; fax: +1-925-422-3925; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p307; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.02.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LaRocque, Tom
T1  - Clean machines. (Cover story)
JO  - American City & County
JF  - American City & County
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 119
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 37
PB  - Penton Media, Inc.
SN  - 0149337X
AB  - Reports on the voluntary purchase of alternative fuel vehicles by U.S. cities and counties as of April 2004.  Benefits of alternative fuel vehicles; Kinds of alternative fuels; Challenges faced by the Washington, D.C. Metro Area Transit Authority in creating the infrastructure to refuel alternative fuel vehicles.  INSET: Fuel cells power five city-owned Los Angeles cars.
KW  - GOVERNMENT purchasing
KW  - ALTERNATIVE fuel vehicles
KW  - LOCAL government
KW  - CITIES & towns
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12911086; LaRocque, Tom 1; Affiliation:  1: Senior communicator, National Renewable Energy  Laboratory, Center for Transportation Technologies and Systems, Golden, Colo; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 119 Issue 4, p30; Subject Term: GOVERNMENT purchasing; Subject Term: ALTERNATIVE fuel vehicles; Subject Term: LOCAL government; Subject Term: CITIES & towns; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921190 Other General Government Support; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fridriksson, Thráinn
AU  - Neuhoff, Philip S.
AU  - Viani, Brian E.
AU  - Bird, Dennis K.
T1  - EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ION-EXCHANGE IN HEULANDITE: BINARY ION-EXCHANGE EXPERIMENTS AT 55 AND 85 °C INVOLVING Ca2+, Sr2+, Na+, AND K+.
JO  - American Journal of Science
JF  - American Journal of Science
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 304
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 332
SN  - 00029599
AB  - Heulandite is the most effective sink for Sr in basaltic aquifers that have undergone zeolite facies metamorphism, the experimental results of this study will provide essential data for modeling Sr transport in aquifers in low-grade metabasalts. Heulandite is a common rock-forming zeolite that exhibits wide solid solution of extraframework cations, presumably due to ready ion exchange with aqueous solutions. In order to provide a quantitative basis for interpreting and predicting the distribution of aqueous species between heulandite and aqueous solutions, ion exchange equilibrium between heulandite and aqueous solutions with respect to the binary cation pairs Ca2+-K+, Ca2+ Ca+,K+-Na+,K+-Sr2+, Na+Sr2+, and a2+-Sr2+ was investigated. Homoionic Ca-, K-, and Na-heulandites prepared from natural heulandite were equilibrated with 0.1 N Cl- solutions containing various proportions of the cations in a given binary pair at 55 and 85 °C to define isotherms describing partitioning of the cations over a wide range of heulandite and solution composition with respect to the cations in each pair. In general, the experiments equilibrated rapidly, within 11 to 15 weeks at 55 °C and 3 to 4 weeks at 85 °C. The exception was the Ca2+ - Sr2+ binary exchange, which did not equilibrate even after 3 months at 55 °C and 4 weeks at 85 °C. Slow exchange of Sr2+ for Ca2+ also prohibited preparation of homoionic Sr-heulandite from the natural (Ca-rich) heulandite within 10 weeks in 2N SrCl2 solution at 90 °C, although near homoionic Sr-heulandite was produced by exchange of K- and Na-heulandite. Experimentally determined isotherms were used to derive equilibrium constants for the ion exchange reactions and asymmetric Margules models describing the extent of non-ideality in extra framework solid solutions in heulandite. Regressed equilibrium constants for Ca2+-Na+, Ca2+-K+, and K+Na+ binary cation pairs at 55 °C are internally consistent among each other (complying with the triangle rule), indicating good accuracy of these data. The maximum departure from internal consistency among the equilibrium constants for three binary pairs was 900 J per mole of charge equivalents (eq) for the 55 °C experiments and 2300 J eq-1 for the 85 °C experiments. The applicability of the present experimental results and thermodynamic models was assessed by calculating the composition of heulandite in Icelandic geothermal systems from known compositions using the regressed thermodynamic properties of Ca2+-Na+ exchange at 85 °C. Calculations predict an average Ca mole fraction [defined as Ca/(Ca+Na)] in heulandite of 0.74, in excellent agreement with observed compositions of heulandite from geothermal and metamorphic systems in Iceland (0.75). Thermodynamic data for heulandite ion-exchange derived in this study can be used to predict partitioning of Ca, K, Na, and Sr between heulandite and aqueous solutions in geologic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Science is the property of Kline Geology Laboratory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEULANDITE
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - CALCIUM ions
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - SODIUM ions
KW  - POTASSIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14069995; Fridriksson, Thráinn 1,2; Email Address: thf@isor.is Neuhoff, Philip S. 3 Viani, Brian E. 4 Bird, Dennis K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California  2: Iceland GeoSurvey, Iceland  3: Department of Geological Science, University of Florida, USA  4: Biogeochiemical Dynamics Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 304 Issue 4, p287; Subject Term: HEULANDITE; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: CALCIUM ions; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: SODIUM ions; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 46p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 15 Charts, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Day, Peggy A.
AU  - Rivera Jr., Nelson
AU  - Root, Robert
AU  - Carroll, Susan A.
T1  - X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of Fe reference compounds for the analysis of natural sediments.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 89
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 572
EP  - 585
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is becoming an increasingly popular tool for the analysis of element speciation in complex natural mixtures such as soils and sediments. Identification of a particular mineral or amorphous solid in a heterogeneous mixture by XAS depends on the spectral uniqueness of the element in the bonding environment associated with a component, and on absorption effects from the components and the matrix. A suite of 27 common, Fe-bearing reference compounds, including sulfides, carbonates, phosphates, oxides, oxyhydroxides, and phyllosilicates, was analyzed to empirically assess the utility of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) for identifying a particular Fe mineral (or class of minerals) in a soil or sediment mixture. We show that XANES spectral features are useful for distinguishing qualitatively among major mineral classes, but not necessarily for identifying minerals within classes. A practical detection limit (based on empirical mixtures) for most mineral classes is on the order of 5% of the total atomic Fe absorption, but detection limits vary depending on the spectral uniqueness of the components, the number of components, and the matrix. Calibration curves for Fe sulfide and non-sulfide (phyllosilicate ± oxide) component mixtures were made independently from the analyses of XANES and EXAFS fluorescence spectra of binary and ternary mineral mixtures (at 5% total Fe) in a quartz matrix to mimic natural sediments. Because of differences in sample and matrix absorption and fluorescence among sulfide and phyllosilicate minerals, apparent component fractions of pyrite derived from fits deviated significantly from linear binary mixtures. We show that corrections for non-linear fluorescence (as much as 20%) are particularly important for binary mineral mixtures with different densities and absorption characteristics (such as sulfides and phyllosilicates... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - SOIL testing
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology) -- Analysis
KW  - SULFIDES
KW  - CARBONATES
N1  - Accession Number: 13486953; O'Day, Peggy A. 1,2; Email Address: podgy@ucmerced.edu Rivera Jr., Nelson 1 Root, Robert 1 Carroll, Susan A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, U.S.A.  2: School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95344  3: Energy and Environment Directorate, L-208, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 U.S.A.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 89 Issue 4, p572; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: SOIL testing; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology) -- Analysis; Subject Term: SULFIDES; Subject Term: CARBONATES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Joon Myong
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Miniature biochip system for detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 based on antibody-immobilized capillary reactors and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 507
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
SN  - 00032670
AB  - In this work, we report Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection using antibody-immobilized capillary reactors, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a biochip system. ELISA selective immunological method to detect pathogenic bacteria. ELISA is also directly adaptable to a miniature biochip system that utilizes conventional sample platforms such as polymer membranes and glass. The antibody-immobilized capillary reactor is a very attractive sample platform for ELISA because of its low cost, compactness, reuse, and ease of regeneration. Moreover, an array of capillary reactors can provide high-throughput ELISA. In this report, we describe the use of an array of antibody-immobilized capillary reactors for multiplex detection of E. coli O157:H7 in our miniature biochip system. Side-entry laser beam irradiation to an array of capillary reactors contributes significantly to miniaturized optical configuration for this biochip system. The detection limits of E. coli O157:H7 using the ELISA and Cy5 label-based immunoassays were determined to be 3 and 230 cells, respectively. This system shows capability to simultaneously monitor multifunctional immunoassay and high sensitive detection of E. coli O157:H7. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCHIPS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - PATHOLOGY
KW  - ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - Antibody-immobilized capillary
KW  - Biochip
KW  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - Escherichia coli O157:H7
N1  - Accession Number: 12235742; Song, Joon Myong 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 507 Issue 1, p115; Subject Term: BIOCHIPS; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: PATHOLOGY; Subject Term: ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibody-immobilized capillary; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biochip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Escherichia coli O157:H7; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.aca.2003.11.072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Halpern, M.B.
AU  - Helfgott, C.
T1  - On the target-space geometry of open-string orientation-orbifold sectors
JO  - Annals of Physics
JF  - Annals of Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 310
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 302
SN  - 00034916
AB  - Including world-sheet orientation-reversing automorphisms in the orbifold program, we recently reported the twisted operator algebra and twisted KZ equations in each open-string sector of the general WZW orientation orbifold. In this paper we work out the corresponding classical description of these sectors, including the WZW orientation-orbifold action—which is naturally defined on the solid half cylinder—and its associated WZW orientation-orbifold branes. As a generalization, we also obtain the sigma-model orientation-orbifold action, which describes a much larger class of open-string orientation-orbifold sectors. As special cases, this class includes twisted open-string free boson examples, the open-string WZW sectors above and the open-string sectors of the general coset orientation orbifold. Finally, we derive the orientation-orbifold Einstein equations, in terms of twisted Einstein tensors—which hold when the twisted open-string sigma-model sectors are 1-loop conformal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CURRENT algebra
KW  - ORBIFOLDS
KW  - THEORY
KW  - MANIFOLDS (Mathematics)
KW  - Conformal field theory
KW  - Current algebra
KW  - Orbifolds
N1  - Accession Number: 12503579; Halpern, M.B.; Email Address: halpern@physics.berkeley.edu Helfgott, C. 1; Email Address: helfgott@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California and Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 310 Issue 2, p302; Subject Term: CURRENT algebra; Subject Term: ORBIFOLDS; Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: MANIFOLDS (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Conformal field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orbifolds; Number of Pages: 73p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.aop.2003.11.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ziyu Dai, Yechezkel
AU  - Xingxue Mao, Yechezkel
AU  - Magnuson, Jon K.
AU  - Lasure, Linda L.
T1  - Identification of Genes Associated with Morphology in Aspergillus niger by Using Suppression Subtractive Hybridization.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2474
EP  - 2485
SN  - 00992240
AB  - The morphology of citric acid production strains of Aspergillus niger is sensitive to a variety of factors, including the concentration of manganese (Mn2+). Upon increasing the Mn2+ concentration in A. niger (ATCC 11414) cultures to 14 ppb or higher, the morphology switches from pelleted to filamentous, accompanied by a rapid decline in citric acid production. The molecular mechanisms through which Mn2+ exerts effects on morphology and citric acid production in A. niger cultures have not been well defined, but our use of suppression subtractive hybridization has identified 22 genes responsive to Mn2+. Fifteen genes were differentially expressed when A. niger was grown in media containing 1,000 ppb of Mn2+ (filamentous form), and seven genes were expressed in 10 ppb of Mn2+ (pelleted form). Of the 15 filament-associated genes, seven are novel and eight share 47 to 100% identity with genes from other organisms. Five of the pellet-associated genes are novel, and the other two genes encode a pepsin-type protease and polyubiquitin. All 10 genes with deduced functions are either involved in amino acid metabolism-protein catabolism or cell regulatory processes. Northern blot analysis showed that the transcripts of all 22 genes were rapidly enhanced or suppressed by Mn2+. Steady-state mRNA levels of six selected filament-associated genes remained high during 5 days of culture in a filamentous state and remained low under pelleted growth conditions. The opposite behavior was observed for four selected pellet-associated genes. The full-length cDNA of the filament-associated clone, Brsa-25, was isolated. Antisense expression of Brsa-25 permitted pelleted growth and increased citrate production at concentrations of Mn2+ that were higher than the parent strain could tolerate. These results suggest the involvement of the newly isolated genes in the regulation of A. niger morphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - ASPERGILLUS
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13049638; Ziyu Dai, Yechezkel 1 Xingxue Mao, Yechezkel 1 Magnuson, Jon K. 1 Lasure, Linda L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical and Biological Processes Development Group, Process Science & Engineering Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4, p2474; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: ASPERGILLUS; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.4.2474-2485.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pordesimo, L.O.
AU  - Edens, W.C.
AU  - Sokhansanj, S.
T1  - Distribution of aboveground biomass in corn stover
JO  - Biomass & Bioenergy
JF  - Biomass & Bioenergy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
SN  - 09619534
AB  - Corn stover can be a principal feedstock for bioenergy and industrial applications because of its abundance and its current underutilization. Development of strategies/systems for the postharvest handling of corn stover involves quantifying what corn stover biomass is available over time after grain physiological maturity has been reached. It also involves understanding how the biomass is distributed in the different aboveground components of the corn plant. The objectives of this preliminary investigation were to measure the allocation of biomass to aboveground components of the corn plant over time and to develop relationships for estimating total aboveground corn plant biomass through simple corn plant dimensional measurements. Aboveground biomass distribution for two corn cultivars (Pioneer 32K61 and 32K64 Bt) was studied in standing plants from roughly 1 week before grain physiological maturity until 4 weeks after grain harvest from other plots in the field. Over the monitoring period, the amount of dry matter in stover averaged 50% of the total aboveground dry plant mass with stalks comprising 50% of the stover dry matter at the time grain was harvested. This study indicated that the more conservative 0.8:1 stover:grain fresh weight ratio, rather than the 1:1 widely used, may be more realistic at the grain harvest moisture range of 18–31% w.b. Such precondition has not been clearly emphasized in the literature. Regression equations involving stalk diameter and plant height for DeKalb 626 derived to estimate fresh green weight and dry matter of the corn plant above the ground had a maximum <f>R2</f> of 0.75. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomass & Bioenergy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORN stover
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - GRAIN
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - Corn stover
KW  - Field drying
KW  - Residue
KW  - Residue multipliers
KW  - Stover:grain ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 11957797; Pordesimo, L.O. 1; Email Address: pordesim@utk.edu Edens, W.C. 1 Sokhansanj, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biosystems Engineering and Environmental Science, The University of Tennessee, 2506 E.J. Chapman Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p337; Subject Term: CORN stover; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: GRAIN; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corn stover; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field drying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residue multipliers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stover:grain ratio; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312120 Breweries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311214 Rice milling and malt manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311211 Flour Milling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); NAICS/Industry Codes: 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111191 Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111190 Other grain farming; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0961-9534(03)00124-7
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLendon, T.R.
AU  - Lui, A.P.
AU  - Pineault, R.L.
AU  - Beer, S.K.
AU  - Richardson, S.W.
T1  - High-pressure co-gasification of coal and biomass in a fluidized bed
JO  - Biomass & Bioenergy
JF  - Biomass & Bioenergy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
SN  - 09619534
AB  - Mixtures of coal and biomass were co-gasified in a jetting, ash-agglomerating, fluidized-bed, pilot scale-sized gasifier to provide steady-state operating data for numerical simulation verification. Biomass used was sanding waste from furniture manufacture. Powder River Basin subbituminous and Pittsburgh No. 8 bituminous coals (screened from <f>−1.2</f> to <f>+0.25 mm</f>) were mixed with sawdust (screened to <f>−1.2 mm</f>) and pneumatically conveyed into the gasifier at an operating pressure of <f>3.03 MPa</f>. Feed mixtures ranged up to 35% by weight biomass. The results of gasification tests of subbituminous coal/sawdust mixtures showed few differences in operations compared to subbituminous coal only tests. The bituminous coal mixture had marked differences. Transport properties of coal/biomass mixtures were greatly improved compared to coal only. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomass & Bioenergy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COAL
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Biomass gasification
KW  - Biomass solids fluidization
KW  - Co-gasification
KW  - Coal and biomass gasification
KW  - Jetting fluidized bed gasification
N1  - Accession Number: 11957800; McLendon, T.R. 1; Email Address: tmclen@netl.doe.gov Lui, A.P. 2 Pineault, R.L. 1 Beer, S.K. 1 Richardson, S.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown WV 26507, USA  2: Parsons Infrastructure and Technology Group, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown WV 26507, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p377; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomass gasification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomass solids fluidization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Co-gasification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coal and biomass gasification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jetting fluidized bed gasification; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.biombioe.2003.08.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edenborn, H.M.
T1  - Use of poly(lactic acid) amendments to promote the bacterial fixation of metals in zinc smelter tailings
JO  - Bioresource Technology
JF  - Bioresource Technology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 92
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 09608524
AB  - The ability of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to serve as a long-term source of lactic acid for bacterial sulfate reduction activity in zinc smelter tailings was investigated. Solid PLA polymers mixed in water hydrolyzed abiotically to release lactic acid into solution over an extended period of time. The addition of both PLA and gypsum was required for indigenous bacteria to lower redox potential, raise pH, and stimulate sulfate reduction activity in highly oxidized smelter tailings after one year of treatment. Bioavailable cadmium, copper, lead and zinc were all lowered significantly in PLA/gypsum treated soil, but PLA amendments alone increased the bioavailability of lead, nickel and zinc. Similar PLA amendments may be useful in constructed wetlands and reactive barrier walls for the passive treatment of mine drainage, where enhanced rates of bacterial sulfate reduction are desirable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bioresource Technology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Sulfates
KW  - Lactic acid
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Bacterial sulfate reduction
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Metal sulfides
N1  - Accession Number: 11730718; Edenborn, H.M. 1; Email Address: edenborn@netl.doe.gov; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, MS 83-226, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 92 Issue 2, p111; Thesaurus Term: Bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Sulfates; Subject Term: Lactic acid; Subject Term: Polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacterial sulfate reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal sulfides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.biortech.2003.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kszos, L. A.
AU  - Braden, P.
T1  - Novel Temperature Control Apparatus for Whole Effluent Toxicity Tests.
JO  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 72
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 692
EP  - 696
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00074861
AB  - This article focuses on temperature control apparatus for toxicity tests. Whole effluent toxicity (WET) tests conducted for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits which follow the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) methods must adhere to a stringent temperature criteria. The most common temperature-control apparatus used is an environmental chamber. The apparatus described here is a simple, inexpensive temperature control system using a water bath and waterbed heater.
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Applied ecology
KW  - Automatic control
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 15410622; Kszos, L. A. 1; Braden, P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, United States; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 72 Issue 4, p692; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Environmental policy; Thesaurus Term: Toxicology; Thesaurus Term: Applied ecology; Subject Term: Automatic control; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dabberdt, Walter F.
AU  - Carroll, Mary Anne
AU  - Baumgardner, Darrel
AU  - Carmichael, Gregory
AU  - Cohen, Ronald
AU  - Dye, Tim
AU  - Ellis, James
AU  - Grell, Georg
AU  - Grimmond, Sue
AU  - Hanna, Steven
AU  - Irwin, John
AU  - Lamb, Brina
AU  - Madronich, Sasha
AU  - McQueen, Jeff
AU  - Meagher, James
AU  - Odman, Talat
AU  - Pleim, Jonathan
AU  - Peter, Hans
AU  - Westphal, Douglas L.
T1  - Meteorological Research Needs for Improved Air Quality Forecasting: Report of the 11th Prospectus Development Team of the U.S. Weather Research Program*.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
EP  - 586
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00030007
AB  - The U.S. Weather Research Program convenes expert working groups on a one-time basis to identify critical research needs in various problem areas. The most recent expert working group was charged to “identify and delineate critical meteorological research issues related to the prediction of air quality.” In this context, “prediction” is denoted as “forecasting” and includes the depiction and communication of the present chemical state of the atmosphere, extrapolation or nowcasting, and numerical prediction and chemical evolution on time scales up to several days. Emphasis is on the meteorological aspects of air quality. The problem of air quality forecasting is different in many ways from the problem of weather forecasting. The latter typically is focused on prediction of severe, adverse weather conditions, while the meteorology of adverse air quality conditions frequently is associated with benign weather. Boundary layer structure and wind direction are perhaps the two most poorly determined meteorological variables for regional air quality prediction. Meteorological observations are critical to effective air quality prediction, yet meteorological observing systems are designed to support prediction of severe weather, not the subtleties of adverse air quality. Three-dimensional meteorological and chemical observations and advanced data assimilation schemes are essential. In the same way, it is important to develop high-resolution and self-consistent databases for air quality modeling; these databases should include land use, vegetation, terrain elevation, and building morphology information, among others. New work in the area of chemically adaptive grids offers significant promise and should be pursued. The quantification and effective communication of forecast uncertainty are still in their early stages and are very important for decision makers; this also includes the visualization of air quality and meteorological observations and forecasts. Research is also needed to develop effective metrics for the evaluation and verification of air quality forecasts so that users can understand the strengths and weaknesses of various modeling schemes. Last, but not of least importance, is the need to consider the societal impacts of air quality forecasts and the needs that they impose on researchers to develop effective and useful products. *This is an abridged version of the final report of PDT-11. The complete version can be found at . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - METEOROLOGY -- Research
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13019663; Dabberdt, Walter F. 1; Email Address: walter.dabberdt@vaisala.com Carroll, Mary Anne 2 Baumgardner, Darrel 3 Carmichael, Gregory 4 Cohen, Ronald 5 Dye, Tim 6 Ellis, James 7 Grell, Georg 8 Grimmond, Sue 9 Hanna, Steven 10 Irwin, John 11 Lamb, Brina 12 Madronich, Sasha 13 McQueen, Jeff 14 Meagher, James 8 Odman, Talat 15 Pleim, Jonathan 11 Peter, Hans 9 Westphal, Douglas L.; Affiliation:  1: Vaisala, Boulder, Colorado  2: university of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan  3: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico  4: University of Iowa, Iowa City,  5: University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California  6: Sonoma Technology Inc., Petaluma, California  7: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  8: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana  9: Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts  10: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina  11: Washington State University, Pullman, Washington  12: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado  13: National Oceanic and Atmospheric  14: Georgia Institute of technology, Atlanta, Georgia  15: Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, California; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p563; Subject Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY -- Research; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924120 Administration of Conservation Programs; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Zuojiang
AU  - Yan, Wenfu
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - A novel vesicular carbon synthesized using amphiphilic carbonaceous material and micelle templating approach
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
SN  - 00086223
AB  - A novel carbon with vesicular, hierarchical structure was synthesized via a direct, micelle templating strategy. This vesicular carbon exhibits a wormlike morphology, very thin shells (5–30 nm) and mesopores of 2–4 nm within the shell that are perpendicular to the walls of the carbon vesicles. The structure of this novel vesicular carbon was verified by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - A. Non-graphitic carbon
KW  - B. Hydrothermal treatment
KW  - C. Electron microscopy
KW  - Self-assembly
KW  - Template synthesis
KW  - Vesicular carbon
N1  - Accession Number: 12559450; Li, Zuojiang 1 Yan, Wenfu 1 Dai, Sheng; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-MS 6201, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p767; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Non-graphitic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Hydrothermal treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Template synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vesicular carbon; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.01.044
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Podjarny, A.
AU  - Cachau, R. E.
AU  - Schneider, T.
AU  - Van Zandt, M.
AU  - Joachimiak, A.
T1  - Subatomic and atomic crystallographic studies of aldose reductase: implications for inhibitor binding.
JO  - Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences
JF  - Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 61
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 763
EP  - 773
SN  - 1420682X
AB  - The determination of several of aldose reductase-inhibitor complexes at subatomic resolution has revealed new structural details, including the specific interatomic contacts involved in inhibitor binding. In this article, we review the structures of the complexes of ALR2 with IDD 594 (resolution: 0.66 Å, IC50 (concentration of the inhibitor that produced half-maximal effect): 30 nM, space group: P21), IDD 393 (resolution: 0.90 Å, IC50: 6 nM, space group: P1), fidarestat (resolution: 0.92 Å, IC50: 9 nM, space group: P21) and minalrestat (resolution: 1.10 Å, IC50: 73 nM, space group: P1). The structures are compared and found to be highly reproductible within the same space group (root mean square (RMS) deviations: 0.15 ∼ 0.3 Å). The mode of binding of the carboxylate inhibitors IDD 594 and IDD 393 is analysed. The binding of the carboxylate head can be accurately determined by the subatomic resolution structures, since both the protonation states and the positions of the atoms are very precisely known. The differences appear in the binding in the specificity pocket. The high-resolution structures explain the differences in IC50, which are confirmed both experimentally by mass spectrometry measures of VC50 and theoretically by free energy perturbation calculations. The binding of the cyclic imide inhibitors fidarestat and minalrestat is also described, focusing on the observation of a Cl- ion which binds simultaneously with fidarestat. The presence of this anion, binding also to the active site residue His110, leads to a mechanism in which the inhibitor can bind in a neutral state and then become charged inside the active site pocket. This mechanism can explain the excellent in vivo properties of cyclic imide inhibitors. In summary, the complete and detailed information supplied by the subatomic resolution structures can explain the differences in binding energy of the different inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALDOSE reductase
KW  - OXIDOREDUCTASES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTON transfer reactions
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Aldose reductase inhibition
KW  - subatomic resolution crystallography
N1  - Accession Number: 16766127; Podjarny, A. 1; Email Address: podjarny@titus.u-strasbg.fr Cachau, R. E. 2 Schneider, T. 3,4 Van Zandt, M. 5 Joachimiak, A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Génomique et de Biologie Structurales, UMR 7104 du CNRS, IGBMC, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex (France)  2: Advanced Biomedical Computing Centre, National Cancer Institute, SAIC, Frederick, Maryland 21702 (USA)  3: Göttingen University, Department of Structural Chemistry, Tammannstr. 4, 37077 Göttingen (Germany)  4: FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan (Italy)  5: Institute for Diabetes Discovery, Inc., Branford, Connecticut (USA)  6: Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois (USA); Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 61 Issue 7/8, p763; Subject Term: ALDOSE reductase; Subject Term: OXIDOREDUCTASES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTON transfer reactions; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aldose reductase inhibition; Author-Supplied Keyword: subatomic resolution crystallography; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Black and White Photograph, 24 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00018-003-3404-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kay, Brian K.
AU  - Kehoe, John W.
T1  - PDZ Domains and Their Ligands
JO  - Chemistry & Biology
JF  - Chemistry & Biology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
SN  - 10745521
AB  - Protein interaction domains (PIDs) such as the SH2 and SH3 domains are known to drive protein:protein interactions by binding to linear peptides. Screens of peptide arrays and combinatorial peptide libraries have been used to identify the peptide sequences recognized by a given PID. Two reports in this issue of Chemistry & Biology describe a new method for the synthesis of these peptide arrays and illustrate the utility of peptide ligands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemistry & Biology is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - BIOSYNTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 12839718; Kay, Brian K.; Email Address: bkay@anl.gov Kehoe, John W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p423; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Subject Term: BIOSYNTHESIS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.04.004
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Masri, A.R.
AU  - Kalt, P.A.M.
AU  - Barlow, R.S.
T1  - The compositional structure of swirl-stabilised turbulent nonpremixed flames
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 137
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 00102180
AB  - The spontaneous Raman–Rayleigh-LIF (laser–induced fluorescence) technique is used to make detailed, joint, single-point measurements of a range of reactive species in highly swirling, turbulent, nonpremixed flames. Such flows are of practical importance and involve highly complex fluid dynamics, the effects of which on the chemistry remain only vaguely understood. The LIF technique is used to measure the concentrations of OH, NO, and CO. Scatter plots are presented in mixture fraction space where each data point is colour coded to reveal its original radial location. Means and rms fluctuations of the mixing, temperature, composition and reactedness fields are also shown for flames of various fuels covering a range of swirl and Reynolds numbers. The complete data set which includes flow, mixing, temperature, and composition fields is made available on the web. It is found that, with increasing swirl number, the stability limits of the flames are broadened but the scatter plots show locally unburnt fluid samples occurring in flames further from global blow-off than nonswirling bluff-body-stabilised flames of similar fuel mixtures. Another novel feature of swirling flames is the detection of local nonburning or extinction within a recirculation zone which develops, at high swirl numbers, further downstream in the flow. It is found that most of the unburnt fluid samples originate from radial locations closer to the coflow air rather than the fuel jet. The means and rms fluctuations of the mixing fields confirm that swirl enhances mixing, especially in the primary recirculation zone and leads to a broadening of the jet. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - LASERS
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12642963; Masri, A.R. 1; Email Address: masri@aeromech.usyd.edu.au Kalt, P.A.M. 1 Barlow, R.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 137 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2003.12.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tarver, Craig M.
AU  - Tran, Tri D.
T1  - Thermal decomposition models for HMX-based plastic bonded explosives
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 137
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 50
SN  - 00102180
AB  - Global multistep chemical kinetic models for the thermal decomposition of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazine (HMX)-based plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) using endothermic or exothermic binders are developed for calculation of the times to thermal explosion as functions of heating rate and geometry in the Chemical TOPAZ heat-transfer computer code. The decomposition mechanisms of the binder materials are treated separately from that of HMX, and the chemical reactions of each constituent are assumed to occur independently. Experimental data and theoretical predictions of the thermal properties, decomposition pathways, and chemical kinetic reaction rate constants are used to develop reaction sequences for each of the components present in the PBX at various weight percentages. The measured times to thermal explosion at various initial temperatures in a new One-Dimensional Time-to-Explosion (ODTX) apparatus are compared to the Chemical TOPAZ predictions. Two series of pristine HMX spheres formulated with coarse and fine particles are tested for the first time in an ODTX apparatus. The pure HMX data clearly show that the presence of an endothermic binder in a PBX increases the times to thermal explosion, while the presence of an exothermic binder decreases the times to explosion. The magnitudes of these changes in explosion time depend upon the chemical stabilities and heats of reaction of these binders. A four-step decomposition model is developed for HMX, which includes the <f>β</f> to <f>δ</f> solid-phase transition as the first endothermic reaction. This model accurately reproduces the pure HMX curves. Decomposition models for the various binder components are then used with the HMX model to accurately reproduce the ODTX time-to-explosion curves. Comparisons are also made to times to thermal explosion obtained in various experiments involving aged PBXs, ramped temperature rate increases, unconfined explosives, and a larger size, cylindrical geometry called the scaled thermal explosion experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry)
KW  - THERMOPHYSICAL properties
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - Condensed-phase explosives
KW  - Numerical simulation
KW  - Reaction mechanisms
N1  - Accession Number: 12642965; Tarver, Craig M.; Email Address: tarver1@llnl.gov Tran, Tri D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energetic Materials Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 137 Issue 1/2, p50; Subject Term: REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry); Subject Term: THERMOPHYSICAL properties; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condensed-phase explosives; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction mechanisms; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.01.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12642965&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Braun, Artur
AU  - Huggins, Frank E.
AU  - Seifert, Sönke
AU  - Ilavsky, Jan
AU  - Shah, Naresh
AU  - Kelly, Kerry E.
AU  - Sarofim, Adel
AU  - Huffman, Gerald P.
T1  - Size-range analysis of diesel soot with ultra-small angle X-ray scattering
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 137
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
SN  - 00102180
AB  - Carbonaceous soot produced in a small diesel engine test facility was investigated with ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering. Three soot samples produced using a reference diesel fuel and the reference fuel plus two oxygenate additives were investigated. The presence of objects at three typical size ranges, i.e., aggregates, primary particles, and subunits, was observed. By studying soot powders and pellets from pressed powder, a separation of scattering contributions from aggregates and primary particles was possible. The scattering curves of soot from oxygenated diesel show significant differences between samples obtained under idle and load conditions. Soot from regular diesel fuel did not show such differences. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOOT
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - Aggregation
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Small-angle
KW  - Soot
N1  - Accession Number: 12642966; Braun, Artur 1; Email Address: abraun@lbl.gov Huggins, Frank E. 1 Seifert, Sönke 2 Ilavsky, Jan 3 Shah, Naresh 1 Kelly, Kerry E. 4 Sarofim, Adel 4 Huffman, Gerald P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Consortium for Fossil Fuel Sciences, University of Kentucky, Suite 107, Sam Whalen Building, 533 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40506, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  4: Department of Chemical and Fuels Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 137 Issue 1/2, p63; Subject Term: SOOT; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle size; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soot; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.01.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12642966&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nguyen, Ba Nghiep
AU  - Khaleel, Mohammad A.
T1  - A mechanistic approach to damage in short-fiber composites based on micromechanical and continuum damage mechanics descriptions
JO  - Composites Science & Technology
JF  - Composites Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 64
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 607
SN  - 02663538
AB  - A micro-macro mechanistic approach to matrix cracking in randomly oriented short-fiber composites is developed in this paper. At the micro-scale, the virgin and reduced elastic properties of the reference aligned fiber composite are determined using micromechanical models [Proc. Roy Soc. Lond. A241 (1957) 376; Acta Metall. 21 (1973) 571; Mech. Mater. 2 (1983) 123], and are then distributed over all possible orientations in order to compute the stiffness of the random fiber composite containing random matrix microcracks. After that the macroscopic response is obtained by means of a continuum damage mechanics formulation, which extends the thermodynamics based approach in [Comp. Sci. Technol. 46 (1993) 29] to randomly oriented short-fiber composites. Damage accumulations leading to initiation and propagation of a macroscopic crack are modeled using a vanishing element technique. The model is validated against the published experimental data and results [Comp. Sci. Technol 55 (1995) 171]. Finally, its practical application is illustrated through the damage analysis of a random glass/epoxy composite plate containing a central hole and under tensile loading. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites Science & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS concentration
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - A. Short-fiber composite
KW  - B. Matrix cracking
KW  - C. Damage mechanics
KW  - C. Stress concentration
N1  - Accession Number: 11958212; Nguyen, Ba Nghiep; Email Address: ba.nguyen@pnl.gov Khaleel, Mohammad A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 64 Issue 5, p607; Subject Term: STRESS concentration; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Short-fiber composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Matrix cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Damage mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Stress concentration; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00293-8
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11958212&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, H.K.
AU  - Simunović, S.
AU  - Shin, D.K.
T1  - A computational approach for prediction of the damage evolution and crushing behavior of chopped random fiber composites
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
SN  - 09270256
AB  - A computational model is developed, by implementing the damage models previously proposed by authors into a finite element code, for simulating the damage evolution and crushing behavior of chopped random fiber composites. Material damages induced by fiber debonding and crack nucleation and growth are considered. Systematic computational algorithms are developed to combine the damage models into the constitutive relation. Based on the implemented computational model, a range of simulations are carried out to probe the behavior of the composites and to validate the proposed methodology. Numerical examples show that the present computational model is capable of modeling progressive deterioration of effective stiffness and softening behavior after the peak load. Crushing behavior of composite tube is also simulated, which shows the applicability of the proposed computational model for crashworthiness simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - Chopped random fiber composites
KW  - Crashworthiness simulations
KW  - Crushing behavior
KW  - Damage evolution
KW  - Finite element implementation
N1  - Accession Number: 12575839; Lee, H.K. 1; Email Address: hlee@miami.edu Simunović, S. 2 Shin, D.K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124-0620, USA  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6359, USA  3: Department of Civil Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, South Korea; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p459; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chopped random fiber composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crashworthiness simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crushing behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element implementation; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.commatsci.2003.12.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tomov, Stanimire
AU  - Bennett, Robert
AU  - McGuigan, Michael
AU  - Peskin, Arnold
AU  - Smith, Gordon
AU  - Spiletic, John
T1  - Application of interactive parallel visualization for commodity-based clusters using visualization APIs
JO  - Computers & Graphics
JF  - Computers & Graphics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 00978493
AB  - We present an efficient and inexpensive to develop application for interactive high-performance parallel visualization. We extend popular APIs such as Open Inventor and VTK to support commodity-based cluster visualization. Our implementation follows a standard master/slave concept: the general idea is to have a “Master” node, which will intercept a sequential graphical user interface and broadcast it to the “Slave” nodes. The interactions between the nodes are implemented using MPI. The parallel remote rendering uses Chromium. This paper is mainly the report of our implementation experiences. We present in detail the proposed model and key aspects of its implementation. Also, we present performance measurements, we benchmark and quantitatively demonstrate the dependence of the visualization speed on the data size and the network bandwidth, and we identify the singularities and draw conclusions on Chromium''s sort-first rendering architecture. The most original part of this work is the combined use of Open Inventor and Chromium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Graphics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - SINGULARITIES (Mathematics)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Commodity-based cluster visualization
KW  - Interactive visualization
KW  - MPI
KW  - Open inventor
KW  - Parallel visualization
KW  - Remote rendering
KW  - Visualization APIs
KW  - VTK
N1  - Accession Number: 12376101; Tomov, Stanimire; Email Address: tomov@bnl.gov Bennett, Robert 1; Email Address: robertb@bnl.gov McGuigan, Michael 1; Email Address: mcguigan@bnl.gov Peskin, Arnold 1; Email Address: peskin@bnl.gov Smith, Gordon 1; Email Address: smith3@bnl.gov Spiletic, John 1; Email Address: spiletic@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Information Technology Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 515, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p273; Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: SINGULARITIES (Mathematics); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Commodity-based cluster visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interactive visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: MPI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Open inventor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remote rendering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visualization APIs; Author-Supplied Keyword: VTK; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cag.2003.12.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Kijoon H.P.
AU  - Jung, C.U.
AU  - Kang, B.W.
AU  - Kim, Kyung Hee
AU  - Lee, Hyun-Sook
AU  - Lee, Sung-Ik
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Caldwell, W.A.
AU  - Patel, J.R.
T1  - Microstructure and superconductivity of MgB2 single crystals
JO  - Current Applied Physics
JF  - Current Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
SN  - 15671739
AB  - The hexagonal-disc-shaped MgB2 single crystals were synthesized under the high-pressure conditions. The crystal symmetry, lattice constants as well as the Laue pattern of these single crystals were obtained from X-ray micro-diffraction. A crystallographic mapping showed that the edge and the <f>c</f>-axis of hexagonal-disc shape exactly matched the [1 0 1¯ 0] and [0 0 0 1] directions of the MgB2 phase. This clearly confirmed that above well-shaped single crystals could be excellent samples to study the unsolved direction dependencies of the physical properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Applied Physics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Impurity phase
KW  - MgB2
KW  - X-ray micro-diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12572811; Kim, Kijoon H.P. 1 Jung, C.U. 1 Kang, B.W. 1 Kim, Kyung Hee 1 Lee, Hyun-Sook 1 Lee, Sung-Ik 1; Email Address: silee@postech.ac.kr Tamura, N. 2 Caldwell, W.A. 2 Patel, J.R. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, National Creative Research Initiative Center for Superconductivity, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS-2-400 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS-7-222 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: SSRL/SLAC, Stanford University, CA 94309, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 4 Issue 2-4, p272; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impurity phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray micro-diffraction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cap.2003.11.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Capote, G.
AU  - Freire, F.L.
AU  - Jacobsohn, L.G.
AU  - Mariotto, G.
T1  - Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films deposited by PECVD in methane atmospheres highly diluted in argon: effect of the substrate temperature
JO  - Diamond & Related Materials
JF  - Diamond & Related Materials
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1454
EP  - 1458
SN  - 09259635
AB  - Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films (a-C:H) were deposited by r.f.-PECVD using 13 Pa methane (98%)–argon (2%) mixture or pure methane as precursor atmospheres. The films were deposited on c-Si substrates kept at 250 K, 300 K and 420 K, respectively, the self-bias voltage (Vb) ranging from -50 to -500 V. The chemical composition and atomic density of different films were determined by ion beam analysis. The film microstructure and chemical bonding were probed by means of Raman scattering and infrared spectroscopy. The internal stress was determined through the measure of substrate curvature by a profilometer. The deposition rates are dependent on the substrate temperature in agreement with the adsorbed layer model. In fact, the films deposited on the substrate at low-temperature have a polymeric character, revealed by the high content of hydrogen and of C(sp3)-H bonds, low density and low internal stress. However, Raman results indicate an increase of the sp2 domains upon increase of self-bias voltage that is more important for films deposited on substrate at high temperature. Finally, internal stress measurements show a maximum at Vb=-160 V for films deposited in Ar–CH4 atmospheres, while it occurs at Vb=-270 V for films deposited from pure methane atmospheres. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Diamond & Related Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - Amorphous hydrogenated carbon
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Plasma CVD
N1  - Accession Number: 13067985; Capote, G. 1 Freire, F.L. 1 Jacobsohn, L.G. 2 Mariotto, G. 3; Email Address: mariotto@science.unitn.it; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Cx. Postal 3807, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22453-970 Brazil  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O.Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Istituto Nazionali per la Fisica della Materia and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, 38050 Povo, TN, Italy; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 4-8, p1454; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous hydrogenated carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma CVD; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.diamond.2003.11.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, Susan M.
AU  - Cornforth, Michael N.
AU  - Ullrich, Robert L.
AU  - Goodwin, Edwin H.
T1  - Dysfunctional mammalian telomeres join with DNA double-strand breaks
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 15687864
AB  - In addition to joining broken DNA strands, several non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) proteins have a second seemingly antithetical role in constructing functional telomeres, the nucleoprotein structures at the termini of linear eukaryotic chromosomes that prevent joining between natural chromosome ends. Although NHEJ deficiency impairs double-strand break (DSB) repair, it also promotes inappropriate chromosomal end fusions that are observed microscopically as dicentric chromosomes with telomeric DNA sequence at points of joining. Here, we test the proposition that unprotected telomeres can fuse not only to other dysfunctional telomeres, but also to ends created by DSBs.Severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) is caused by a mutation in the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), an enzyme required for both efficient DSB repair and telomeric end-capping. Cells derived from wild-type, Trp53−/−, scid, and Trp53−/−/scid mice were exposed to gamma radiation to induce DSBs, and chromosomal aberrations were analyzed using a novel cytogenetic technique that can detect joining of a telomere to a DSB end. Telomere–DSB fusions were observed in both cell lines having the scid mutation, but not in wild-type nor Trp53−/− cells. Over a range of 25–340 cGy, half of the visible exchange-type chromosomal aberrations in Trp53−/−/scid cells involved telomere–DSB fusions. Our results demonstrate that unprotected telomeres are not only sensed as, but also acted upon, by the DNA repair machinery as if they were DSB ends. By opening a new pathway for misrepair, telomere–DSB fusion decreases the overall fidelity of DSB repair. The high frequency of these events in scid cells indicates telomere dysfunction makes a strong, and previously unsuspected, contribution to the characteristic radiation sensitivity associated with DNA-PK deficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - EUKARYOTIC cells
KW  - 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)
KW  - 5′-bromo-2′-deoxycytidine (BrdC)
KW  - 5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU)
KW  - alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT)
KW  - chromosome-orientation fluorescence in situ hybridization (CO-FISH)
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK)
KW  - DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs)
KW  - double-strand break (DSB)
KW  - Double-strand breaks
KW  - fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
KW  - Gap0/Gap1 (G0/G1)
KW  - homologous recombination (HR)
KW  - Instability
KW  - ionizing radiation (IR)
KW  - Mammalian telomeres
KW  - non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ)
KW  - Radiation sensitivity
KW  - severe combined immuno-deficiency (scid)
KW  - telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2)
N1  - Accession Number: 12433152; Bailey, Susan M. 1,2 Cornforth, Michael N. 3 Ullrich, Robert L. 1 Goodwin, Edwin H. 2; Email Address: egoodwin@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1618, USA  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0656, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p349; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: EUKARYOTIC cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI); Author-Supplied Keyword: 5′-bromo-2′-deoxycytidine (BrdC); Author-Supplied Keyword: 5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU); Author-Supplied Keyword: alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT); Author-Supplied Keyword: chromosome-orientation fluorescence in situ hybridization (CO-FISH); Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK); Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs); Author-Supplied Keyword: double-strand break (DSB); Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-strand breaks; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); Author-Supplied Keyword: Gap0/Gap1 (G0/G1); Author-Supplied Keyword: homologous recombination (HR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionizing radiation (IR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Mammalian telomeres; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ); Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: severe combined immuno-deficiency (scid); Author-Supplied Keyword: telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2003.11.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setlow, Richard B.
T1  - A second life in science—working after the age of 65
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 441
SN  - 15687864
AB  - I was born in January, 1921 and was fortunate in working for a research organization that had no fixed retirement age. I was permitted to continue Science as long as there were some resources to support research that had some relevance to the organization’s goals. A number of projects on which I worked were continuations of ones begun before the age of 65 (1986) and several new ones were based on both previous interests and ideas and some on new ideas. A number of the ideas arose from participation on Committees of the US National Research Council. I was able to extend my earlier interests in DNA repair to include experiments on the variations in DNA repair among apparently normal humans. In collaborations with other researchers we showed that the repair abilities following exposures to chemicals or to ionizing or ultraviolet (UV) radiation did not follow Poisson distributions. I participated in experiments, using a fish model to estimate the wavelength ranges in sunlight responsible for inducing melanoma and another fish model to estimate the germ cell mutations that might arise from exposures to the heavily ionizing particles in cosmic rays beyond low Earth orbit. A transgenic fish model was used to investigate the possibilities of using the fish to assay for mutagens in sediments in Long Island Sound. These Reflections summarize the atmosphere necessary for a second life and the scientific results of this life. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - GENES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - Germ cell mutagnesis
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Melanoma
KW  - Skin fibroblasts
KW  - Space radiation
KW  - Variations among populations
N1  - Accession Number: 12433162; Setlow, Richard B. 1; Email Address: setlow@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 3 Issue 4, p441; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germ cell mutagnesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionizing radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lymphocytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melanoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Skin fibroblasts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variations among populations; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2003.04.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12433162&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunne, Jennifer A.
AU  - Saleska, Scott R.
AU  - Fischer, Marc L.
AU  - Harte, John
T1  - INTEGRATING EXPERIMENTAL AND GRADIENT METHODS IN ECOLOGICAL CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH.
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 904
EP  - 916
SN  - 00129658
AB  - Field-based research on the responses of ecosystems to anthropogenic climate change has primarily used either natural gradient or experimental methods. Taken separately, each approach faces methodological, spatial, and temporal limitations that potentially constrain the generality of results and predictions. Integration of the two approaches within a single study can overcome some of those limitations and provide ways to distinguish among consistent, dynamic, and context-dependent ecosystem responses to global warming. A simple conceptual model and two case studies that focus on climate change impacts on flowering phenology and carbon cycling in a subalpine meadow ecosystem illustrate the utility of this type of integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Angiosperms
KW  - Phenology
KW  - Anthropogenic soils
KW  - Methodology
KW  - climate change
KW  - ecosystem-warming experiment
KW  - gradient analysis
KW  - integrative research
KW  - methodology
KW  - plant flowering phenology
KW  - soil carbon cycling
KW  - spatial and temporal scale
KW  - subalpine meadow.
N1  - Accession Number: 12915477; Dunne, Jennifer A. 1,2; Email Address: jdunne@santafe.edu; Saleska, Scott R. 3; Fischer, Marc L. 4; Harte, John 1,2,5; Affiliations: 1: Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA.; 2: Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, Colorado 81224 USA.; 3: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 USA.; 4: Atmospheric Science Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 USA.; 5: Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p904; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Angiosperms; Thesaurus Term: Phenology; Thesaurus Term: Anthropogenic soils; Subject Term: Methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem-warming experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: gradient analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrative research; Author-Supplied Keyword: methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: plant flowering phenology; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil carbon cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial and temporal scale; Author-Supplied Keyword: subalpine meadow.; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, B. S.
AU  - Kumar, S.
AU  - Hu, Q.
AU  - Reno, J. L.
T1  - Resonant-phonon terahertz quantum-cascade laser operating at 2.1 THz (λ...141µm).
JO  - Electronics Letters
JF  - Electronics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 40
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 433
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 00135194
AB  - The development of quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) at 2.1 THz (λ ≈ 141 mm), which is the longest wavelength QCL to date without the assistance of magnetic fields, is reported. This laser uses a structure based on resonant-phonon depopulation, and a metal—metal waveguide to obtain high modal confinement with low waveguide losses. Lasing was observed up to a heatsink temperature of 72 K in pulsed mode and 40 K in continuous-wave (CW) mode, and 1.2 mW of power was obtained in CW mode at 17 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Electronics Letters is the property of Institution of Engineering & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRONIC industries
KW  - ELECTRONIC instruments
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
N1  - Accession Number: 12703575; Williams, B. S. 1 Kumar, S. 1 Hu, Q. 1 Reno, J. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 1123, MS 0601, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601, USA; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 40 Issue 7, p431; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC industries; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC instruments; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dahl, Jaimee K.
AU  - Buechler, Karen J.
AU  - Finley, Ryan
AU  - Stanislaus, Timothy
AU  - Weimer, Alan W.
AU  - Lewandowski, Allan
AU  - Bingham, Carl
AU  - Smeets, Alexander
AU  - Schneider, Adrian
T1  - Rapid solar-thermal dissociation of natural gas in an aerosol flow reactor
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 715
SN  - 03605442
AB  - A solar-thermal aerosol flow reactor process is being developed to dissociate natural gas (NG) to hy drogen (H2) and carbon black at high rates. Concentrated sunlight approaching 10 kW heats a <f>9.4 cm long×2.4 cm diameter</f> graphite reaction tube to temperatures ~2000 K using a 74% theoretically efficient secondary concentrator. Pure methane feed has been dissociated to 70% for residence times less than 0.1 s. The resulting carbon black is 20–40 nm in size, amorphous, and pure. A 5 million (M) kg/yr carbon black/1.67 M kg/yr H2 plant is considered for process scale-up. The total permanent investment (TPI) of this plant is $12.7 M. A 15% IRR after tax is achieved when the carbon black is sold for $0.66/kg and the H2 for $13.80/GJ. This plant could supply 0.06% of the world carbon black market. For this scenario, the solar-thermal process avoids 277 MJ fossil fuel and 13.9 kg-equivalent CO2/kg H2 produced as compared to conventional steam-methane reforming and furnace black processing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NATURAL gas
KW  - METHANE
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 12307715; Dahl, Jaimee K. 1 Buechler, Karen J. 1 Finley, Ryan 1 Stanislaus, Timothy 1 Weimer, Alan W. 1; Email Address: alan.weimer@colorado.edu Lewandowski, Allan 2 Bingham, Carl 2 Smeets, Alexander 2 Schneider, Adrian 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Engineering Center, ECCH 111, Campus Box 424, Boulder, CO 80309-0424, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 29 Issue 5/6, p715; Subject Term: NATURAL gas; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: CARBON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00179-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kearney, D.
AU  - Kelly, B.
AU  - Herrmann, U.
AU  - Cable, R.
AU  - Pacheco, J.
AU  - Mahoney, R.
AU  - Price, H.
AU  - Blake, D.
AU  - Nava, P.
AU  - Potrovitza, N.
T1  - Engineering aspects of a molten salt heat transfer fluid in a trough solar field
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
SN  - 03605442
AB  - An evaluation was carried out to investigate the feasibility of utilizing a molten salt as the heat transfer fluid (HTF) and for thermal storage in a parabolic trough solar field to improve system performance and to reduce the levelized electricity cost. The operating large-scale solar parabolic trough plants in the USA currently use a high temperature synthetic oil in the solar field consisting of a eutectic mixture of biphenyl/diphenyl oxide. The scope of the overall investigation included examination of known critical issues, postulating solutions or possible approaches where potential problems existed, and the quantification of performance and electricity cost using preliminary, but reasonable, cost inputs. The two leading candidates were the so-called solar salt (a binary salt consisting of 60% NaNO3 and 40% KNO3) and a salt sold commercially as HitecXL (a ternary salt consisting of 48% Ca(NO3)2, 7% NaNO3, and 45% KNO3). Operation and maintenance (O&M) becomes an important concern with molten salt in the solar field. This paper addresses that concern, focusing on design and O&M issues associated with routine freeze protection, solar field preheat methods, collector loop maintenance and the selection of appropriate materials for piping and fittings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSED salts
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - PARABOLIC troughs
KW  - HEAT storage devices
N1  - Accession Number: 12307727; Kearney, D. 1; Email Address: dkearney@attglobal.net Kelly, B. 2 Herrmann, U. 3 Cable, R. 4 Pacheco, J. 5 Mahoney, R. 5 Price, H. 6 Blake, D. 6 Nava, P. 3 Potrovitza, N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Kearney and Associates, P.O. Box 2568, Vashon, WA 98070, USA  2: Nexant, Inc., 44 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA  3: Flabeg Solar International, 7 Muhlengasse Str, 58070 Koln, Germany  4: KJC Operating Co., 41100 Hwy 395, Boron, CA 93516, USA  5: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  6: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 29 Issue 5/6, p861; Subject Term: FUSED salts; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: PARABOLIC troughs; Subject Term: HEAT storage devices; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00191-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herrmann, Ulf
AU  - Kelly, Bruce
AU  - Price, Henry
T1  - Two-tank molten salt storage for parabolic trough solar power plants
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 883
SN  - 03605442
AB  - The most advanced thermal energy storage for solar thermal power plants is a two-tank storage system where the heat transfer fluid (HTF) also serves as storage medium. This concept was successfully demonstrated in a commercial trough plant (13.8 MWe SEGS I plant; 120 MWht storage capacity) and a demonstration tower plant (10 MWe Solar Two; 105 MWht storage capacity). However, the HTF used in state-of-the-art parabolic trough power plants (30–80 MWe) is expensive, dramatically increasing the cost of larger HTF storage systems. An engineering study was carried out to evaluate a concept, where another (less expensive) liquid medium such as molten salt is utilized as storage medium rather than the HTF itself. Detailed performance and cost analyses were conducted to evaluate the economic value of this concept. The analyses are mainly based on the operation experience from the SEGS plants and the Solar Two project. The study concluded that the specific cost for a two-tank molten salt storage is in the range of US$ 30–40/kWhth depending on storage size. Since the salt storage was operated successfully in the Solar Two project, no major barriers were identified to realize this concept in the first commercial parabolic trough power plant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLTEN salt reactors
KW  - SOLAR power plants
KW  - PARABOLIC troughs
KW  - HEAT storage
N1  - Accession Number: 12307729; Herrmann, Ulf 1; Email Address: ulf.herrmann@flagsol.de Kelly, Bruce 2 Price, Henry 3; Affiliation:  1: FLABEG Solar International GmbH, Mühlengasse 7, D-50667 Köln, Germany  2: Nexant, Inc., 45 Fremont Street, San Francisco, CA 94105-2210, USA  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 29 Issue 5/6, p883; Subject Term: MOLTEN salt reactors; Subject Term: SOLAR power plants; Subject Term: PARABOLIC troughs; Subject Term: HEAT storage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00193-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dersch, Jürgen
AU  - Geyer, Michael
AU  - Herrmann, Ulf
AU  - Jones, Scott A.
AU  - Kelly, Bruce
AU  - Kistner, Rainer
AU  - Ortmanns, Winfried
AU  - Pitz-Paal, Robert
AU  - Price, Henry
T1  - Trough integration into power plants—a study on the performance and economy of integrated solar combined cycle systems
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 29
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 947
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Parabolic trough solar technology has been proven at nine commercial Solar Electric Generating Systems (SEGS) power plants that are operating in the California Mojave desert. These plants utilize steam Rankine cycle power plants, and as a result, most people associate parabolic trough solar technology with steam Rankine cycle power plant technology. Although these plants are clearly optimized for their particular application, other power cycle designs may be appropriate in other situations. Of particular interest is the integration of parabolic trough solar technology with combined cycle power plant technology. This configuration is referred to as integrated solar combined cycle systems (ISCCS). Four potential projects in India, Egypt, Morocco, and Mexico are considering the ISCCS type solar power cycle configurations. The key questions are when is the ISCCS configuration preferred over the SEGS power cycle configuration and how is the ISCCS plant designed to optimize the integration of the solar field and the power cycle. This paper reviews the results of a collaborative effort under the International Energy Agency SolarPACES organization to address these questions and it shows the potential environmental and economic benefits of each configuration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARABOLIC troughs
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - SPACE vehicles -- Auxiliary power supply -- Rankine cycle
N1  - Accession Number: 12307735; Dersch, Jürgen 1; Email Address: juergen.dersch@dlr.de Geyer, Michael 2 Herrmann, Ulf 2 Jones, Scott A. 3 Kelly, Bruce 4 Kistner, Rainer 5 Ortmanns, Winfried 1 Pitz-Paal, Robert 1 Price, Henry 6; Affiliation:  1: Solare Energietechnik, German Aerospace Center (DLR), D-51170 Köln, Germany  2: FLABEG Solar International, Mühlengasse 7, D-50667 Köln, Germany  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0703, USA  4: Nexant Inc., 44 Montgomery, Suite 4100, San Francisco, CA 94104-4814, USA  5: Milenio Solar S.A., Avda. de la Paz 41, E-04720 Aguadulce (Almeria), Spain  6: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 29 Issue 5/6, p947; Subject Term: PARABOLIC troughs; Subject Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles -- Auxiliary power supply -- Rankine cycle; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00199-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - West, Tristram O.
AU  - Marland, Gregg
AU  - King, Anthony W.
AU  - Post, Wilfred M.
AU  - Jain, Atul K.
AU  - Andrasko, Kenneth
T1  - Carbon Management Response Curves: Estimates of Temporal Soil Carbon Dynamics.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
EP  - 518
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Measurement of the change in soil carbon that accompanies a change in land use (e.g., forest to agriculture) or management (e.g., conventional tillage to no-till) can be complex and expensive, may require reference plots, and is subject to the variability of statistical sampling and short-term variability in weather. In this paper, we develop Carbon Management Response (CMR) curves that could be used as an alternative to in situ measurements. The CMR curves developed here are based on quantitative reviews of existing global analyses and field observations of changes in soil carbon. The curves show mean annual rates of soil carbon change, estimated time to maximum rates of change, and estimated time to a new soil carbon steady state following the initial change in management. We illustrate how CMR curves could be used in a carbon accounting framework while effectively addressing a number of potential policy issues commonly associated with carbon accounting. We find that CMR curves provide a transparent means to account for changes in soil carbon accumulation and loss rates over time, and also provide empirical relationships that might be used in the development or validation of ecological or Earth systems models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Landscape assessment
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Land use
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 15411125; West, Tristram O. 1; Email Address: westto@ornl.gov; Marland, Gregg 1; King, Anthony W. 1; Post, Wilfred M. 1; Jain, Atul K. 2; Andrasko, Kenneth 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA.; 2: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 105 S. Gregory Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.; 3: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA.; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p507; Thesaurus Term: Landscape assessment; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-9108-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15411125&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becker, J. M.
AU  - McKinstry, C. A.
T1  - Response of Winter Birds to Soil Remediation along the Columbia River at the Hanford Site.
JO  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
JF  - Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr/May2004
VL  - 93
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 286
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01676369
AB  - The Columbia River at the Hanford Site, located in south-central Washington State, U.S.A., is a regionally important refugium for overwintering birds. Some of the river shoreline has been designated by the U.S. Department of Energy for environmental clean-up following past production of materials for nuclear weapons. We evaluated the effects of soil remediation on winter birds at six inactive nuclear reactor areas. Remediation activities consisted of daily excavation and removal of approximately 1035 t of contaminated soil from previously herbicided and denuded areas located between 30 and 400 m and mostly in line-of-sight of the river shoreline. Remediation activities had no apparent effect on numbers of riverine or terrestrial birds using adjacent undisturbed shoreline and riparian habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Monitoring & Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Nuclear engineering
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Rivers -- Oregon
KW  - Radioactive waste sites -- Washington (State)
KW  - Columbia River
KW  - disturbance
KW  - Hanford Site
KW  - soil remediation
KW  - Washington State
KW  - winter birds
N1  - Accession Number: 15340767; Becker, J. M. 1; Email Address: james.becker@pnl.gov; McKinstry, C. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Apr/May2004, Vol. 93 Issue 1-3, p277; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear engineering; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Rivers -- Oregon; Subject Term: Radioactive waste sites -- Washington (State); Author-Supplied Keyword: Columbia River; Author-Supplied Keyword: disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hanford Site; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Washington State; Author-Supplied Keyword: winter birds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beyenal, Haluk
AU  - Sani, Rajesh K.
AU  - Peyton, Brent M.
AU  - Dohnakova, Alice C.
AU  - Amonette, James E.
AU  - Lewandowski, Zbigniew
T1  - Uranium Immobilization for Sulfate-Reducing Biofilms.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2067
EP  - 2074
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The article presents information on uranium immobilization for sulfate-reducing biofilms. Wastewaters containing uranium (U) and other actinides generated in nuclear reactors in processes related to generating energy and manufacturing nuclear weapons have been discharged to the ground during the past 50 years. As a result, U is one of the most common radionuclides in soils, sediments, and groundwater at the U.S. Department of Energy sites and is therefore of particular environmental concern. When selecting remediation processes, it is believed that in situ microbial reduction of U(VI) can be an attractive alternative strategy for remediation of U-contaminated subsurface environments. Traditional ex situ remediation processes are often limited by poor extraction efficiency and production of large volumes of toxic U waste.
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Nuclear weapons
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 12951914; Beyenal, Haluk 1; Sani, Rajesh K. 2; Peyton, Brent M. 2; Dohnakova, Alice C. 3; Amonette, James E. 3; Lewandowski, Zbigniew 1,4; Email Address: ZL@erc.montana.edu; Affiliations: 1: Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University.; 2: Washington State University.; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.; 4: Department of Civil Engineering, Montana State University.; Issue Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 7, p2067; Thesaurus Term: Actinide elements; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear weapons; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fallon, P.
T1  - Gamma-ray spectroscopy of nuclei with large deformations: Results from GAMMASPHERE.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 14
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The large multidetector gamma-ray arrays (such as GAMMASPFIEIRE, EUROBALL, and GASP) have played a central role in nuclear-structure studies during the past decade. In this paper I will discuss recent results from experiments on nuclei with very large deformations, including: the measurement of the spins, parities, and excitation energies of superdeformed bands in 152Dy; the observation of extreme deformations in 108Cd and the evidence for hyper-intruder states; the study of superdeformed nuclei around A ∼ 40, which provide an opportunity to test our microscopic understanding of collective excitations; and lifetimes of strongly deformed triaxial bands in 163Lu. I will conclude with a brief discussion on the next generation gamma-ray detector array, GRETA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 16709066; Fallon, P. 1; Email Address: pfallon@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, CA 94720, Berkeley, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10312-5
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16709066&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopez-Martens, A.
AU  - Døssing, T.
AU  - Khoo, T. L.
AU  - Herskind, B.
AU  - Lauristen, T.
AU  - Matsuo, M.
AU  - Yoshida, K.
AU  - Korichi, A.
AU  - Hannachi, F.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Amro, H.
AU  - de Angelis, G.
AU  - Bazzacco, D.
AU  - Beausang, C.
AU  - Bouchez, E.
AU  - Bringel, P.
AU  - Calderin, I. J.
AU  - Carpenter, M. P.
AU  - Fischer, S. M.
AU  - Hackman, G.
T1  - Gamma-ray feeding and decay of superdeformed states.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 53
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - We report on four recent results concerning the population and the decay of superdeformed states, namely the structure of excited superdeformed states in 194Hg, the search for fine structure of the last superdeformed transitions in 194Pb, the primary decay-out strength analysis in 194Hg and, as a consequence of this, the possibility of using the decay-out as a tool to study order-to-chaos properties of normally deformed states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 16709057; Lopez-Martens, A. 1; Email Address: lopez@csnsm.in2p3.fr Døssing, T. 2 Khoo, T. L. 3 Herskind, B. 2 Lauristen, T. 3 Matsuo, M. 4 Yoshida, K. 5 Korichi, A. 1 Hannachi, F. 1 Ahmad, I. 3 Amro, H. 3 de Angelis, G. 6 Bazzacco, D. 7 Beausang, C. 8 Bouchez, E. 9 Bringel, P. 10 Calderin, I. J. 3 Carpenter, M. P. 3 Fischer, S. M. 3 Hackman, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: CSNSM, IN2P3-CNRS, bat 104-108, F-91405, Orsay, France.  2: The Niels Bohr Institue, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.  3: Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, Argonne, USA.  4: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 950-2181, Niigata, Japan.  5: Institute for Natural Science, Nara University, 631-8502, Nara, Japan.  6: INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, I-35120, Legnaro, Italy.  7: INFN, Sezione di Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy.  8: Wrigth Nuclear Structure Laboratory, CT 06520-8124, Yale, USA.  9: Dapnia-SPhN, CEA - l'Orme des Mersisiers, F-91191, Saclay, France.  10: Helmhotz-Institut fu&ruml; Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10321-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wrzesiński, J.
AU  - Broda, R.
AU  - Fornal, B.
AU  - Królas, W.
AU  - Paw&lslash;at, T.
AU  - Carpenter, M. P.
AU  - Janssens, R. V. F.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Lunardi, S.
AU  - Ur, C. A.
AU  - Viesti, G.
AU  - Cinausero, M.
AU  - Marginean, N.
AU  - Maier, K. H.
T1  - The ... three-hole isomeric state and octupole core excitation in the 205Tl nucleus.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 58
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - New high-spin states were identified in the 205Tl isotope produced in deep-inelastic heavy-ion reactions. The expected 29/2 +  yrast state and 35/2- isomeric state with 235 ns half-life were located above the 2.6 μs isomer known from previous studies. Above this isomer a 7092 keV level was interpreted as a 41/2 +  state arising from the coupling of the octupole vibration of the 208Pb core with the three-hole structure of the 35/2- isomer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOMERISM
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 16709021; Wrzesiński, J. 1; Email Address: Jacek.Wrzesinski@ifj.edu.pl Broda, R. 1 Fornal, B. 1 Królas, W. 1 Paw&lslash;at, T. 1 Carpenter, M. P. 2 Janssens, R. V. F. 2 Seweryniak, D. 2 Lunardi, S. 3 Ur, C. A. 3 Viesti, G. 3 Cinausero, M. 4 Marginean, N. 4 Maier, K. H. 5; Affiliation:  1: Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, PL-31-342, Kraków, Poland.  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, Argonne, USA.  3: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy.  4: INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, I-35020, Legnaro, Italy.  5: Hahn-Meitner Institute, D-14109, Berlin, Germany.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: ISOMERISM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2003-10194-y
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16709021&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kelsall, N. S.
AU  - Svensson, C. E.
AU  - Fischer, S.
AU  - Appelbe, D. E.
AU  - Austin, R. A. E.
AU  - Balamuth, D. P.
AU  - Ball, G. C.
AU  - Cameron, J. A.
AU  - Carpenter, M. P.
AU  - Clark, R. M.
AU  - Cromaz, M.
AU  - Deleplanque, M. A.
AU  - Diamond, R. M.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Hodgson, D. F.
AU  - Janssens, R. V. F.
AU  - Jenkins, D. G.
AU  - Lane, G. J.
AU  - Lister, C. J.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A. O.
T1  - High-spin structure of ... nuclei around the A = 72 region.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 132
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - High-spin states have been studied in 72Kr and 72Br using the 40Ca + 40Ca and 36Ar + 40Ca reactions at 164 and 145 MeV, respectively. The properties and configurations of the high-spin bands observed have been interpreted using unpaired cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky (CNS), and for 72Kr, paired cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (CRHB) calculations. In 72Kr a new band has been identified that has the properties expected for the doubly aligned S-band configuration. In 72Br the previously known bands have been extended to higher spin. This has lead to a re-interpretation of the configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOBARIC spin
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry)
N1  - Accession Number: 16709040; Kelsall, N. S. 1 Svensson, C. E. 2 Fischer, S. 3 Appelbe, D. E. 4 Austin, R. A. E. 5 Balamuth, D. P. 6 Ball, G. C. 7 Cameron, J. A. 5 Carpenter, M. P. 8 Clark, R. M. 9 Cromaz, M. 9 Deleplanque, M. A. 9 Diamond, R. M. 9 Fallon, P. 9 Hodgson, D. F. 7 Janssens, R. V. F. 8 Jenkins, D. G. 8 Lane, G. J. 9 Lister, C. J. 8 Macchiavelli, A. O. 9; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of York, YO10 5DD, York, UK.  2: Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.  3: Department of Physics, DePaul University, IL 60614, Chicago, USA.  4: CLRC Daresbury Laboratory, WA4 4AD, UK.  5: Department of Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.  6: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA.  7: TRIUMF Laboratory, 4004 Westbrook Mall, VT 2AS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.  8: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, Argonne, USA.  9: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, Berkeley, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p131; Subject Term: ISOBARIC spin; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2002-10338-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16709040&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Germaine, Kieran
AU  - Keogh, Elaine
AU  - Garcia-Cabellos, Guiomar
AU  - Borremans, Brigitte
AU  - van der Lelie, Daniel
AU  - Barac, Tanja
AU  - Oeyen, Licy
AU  - Vangronsveld, Jaco
AU  - Moore, Fiona Porteous
AU  - Moore, Edward R.B.
AU  - Campbell, Colin D.
AU  - Ryan, David
AU  - Dowling, David N.
T1  - Colonisation of poplar trees by gfp expressing bacterial endophytes
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 01686496
AB  - With the exception of nitrogen fixing bacteria, there is little known about the colonisation patterns or population sizes of bacterial endophytes in deciduous trees. This study describes the isolation, identification, construction and re-colonisation patterns of three green fluorescent protein(gfp):kanamycinR labelled bacterial endophytes when re-introduced into poplar trees, their original host plant. Two of these endophytes showed considerable colonisation in the roots and stems of inoculated plants. gfp expressing cells of all three strains were observed to colonise the xylem tissue of the root. All three strains proved to be efficient rhizosphere colonisers, supporting the theory that the rhizosphere can serve as a source of bacterial endophytes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Ecology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT colonization
KW  - GREEN fluorescent protein
KW  - CELLS
KW  - ROOTS (Botany)
KW  - Colonisation
KW  - Endophytes
KW  - gfp
KW  - Phytoremediation
KW  - Poplar trees
KW  - Pseudomonas
KW  - Rhizosphere
N1  - Accession Number: 12651684; Germaine, Kieran 1 Keogh, Elaine 1 Garcia-Cabellos, Guiomar 1 Borremans, Brigitte 2 van der Lelie, Daniel 3 Barac, Tanja 4 Oeyen, Licy 4 Vangronsveld, Jaco 4 Moore, Fiona Porteous 5 Moore, Edward R.B. 5 Campbell, Colin D. 5 Ryan, David 1 Dowling, David N. 1; Email Address: david.dowling@itcarlow.ie; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Institute of Technology, Carlow, Kilkenny Road, Carlow, Ireland  2: Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek, Mol, Belgium  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  4: Limburgs Universitair Centrum, Diepenbeek, Belgium  5: Macaulay Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: PLANT colonization; Subject Term: GREEN fluorescent protein; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany); Author-Supplied Keyword: Colonisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Endophytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: gfp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phytoremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poplar trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudomonas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhizosphere; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.femsec.2003.12.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12651684&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sloter, Eddie
AU  - Nath, Joginder
AU  - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Wyrobek, Andrew J.
T1  - Effects of male age on the frequencies of germinal and heritable chromosomal abnormalities in humans and rodents
JO  - Fertility & Sterility
JF  - Fertility & Sterility
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 81
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 925
SN  - 00150282
AB  - : ObjectiveTo review evidence regarding the effects of male age on germinal and heritable chromosomal abnormalities using available human and rodent studies and to evaluate possible underlying mechanisms.: DesignReview of English language-published research using MEDLINE database, excluding case reports and anecdotal data.: Result(s)There was little evidence from offspring or germ cell studies for a generalized male age effect on autosomal aneuploidy, except in rodents. Sex chromosomal nondisjunction increased with age in both human and rodent male germ cells. Both human and rodent data showed age-related increases in the number of sperm with chromosomal breaks and fragments and suggest that postmeiotic cells are particularly vulnerable to the effects of aging. Translocation frequencies increased with age in murine spermatocytes, at rates comparable to mouse and human somatic cells. Age-related mechanisms of induction may include accumulation of environmental damage, reduced efficiency of DNA repair, increased genomic instability, genetic factors, hormonal influences, suppressed apoptosis, or decreased effectiveness of antioxidants and micronutrients.: Conclusion(s)The weight of evidence suggests that the increasing trend toward fathering at older ages may have significant effects on the viability and genetic health of human pregnancies and offspring, primarily as a result of structural chromosomal aberrations in sperm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fertility & Sterility is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOME abnormalities
KW  - SEX chromosome abnormalities
KW  - ANEUPLOIDY
KW  - AGE factors in disease
KW  - aneuploidy
KW  - chromosomal abnormalities
KW  - human
KW  - Paternal age
KW  - review
KW  - rodent
KW  - sperm FISH
KW  - structural aberrations
N1  - Accession Number: 12747107; Sloter, Eddie 1,2,3 Nath, Joginder 1 Eskenazi, Brenda 4 Wyrobek, Andrew J. 2; Email Address: wyrobek1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Genetics and Developmental Biology Program, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA  3: Current address: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology, WIL Research Laboratories, Inc., Ashland, Ohio, USA  4: School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 81 Issue 4, p925; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME abnormalities; Subject Term: SEX chromosome abnormalities; Subject Term: ANEUPLOIDY; Subject Term: AGE factors in disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: aneuploidy; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromosomal abnormalities; Author-Supplied Keyword: human; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paternal age; Author-Supplied Keyword: review; Author-Supplied Keyword: rodent; Author-Supplied Keyword: sperm FISH; Author-Supplied Keyword: structural aberrations; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.07.043
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12747107&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cupid, B.C.
AU  - Lightfoot, T.J.
AU  - Russell, D.
AU  - Gant, S.J.
AU  - Turner, P.C.
AU  - Dingley, K.H.
AU  - Curtis, K.D.
AU  - Leveson, S.H.
AU  - Turteltaub3, K.W.
AU  - Garner, R.C.
T1  - The formation of AFB1-macromolecular adducts in rats and humans at dietary levels of exposure
JO  - Food & Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food & Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 559
SN  - 02786915
AB  - The levels of aflatoxin B1-DNA and aflatoxin B1-albumin adducts were investigated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in humans and rats following exposure to a known, dietary relevant amount of carbon-14 labeled aflatoxin B1 ([14C]AFB1). The aims of the study were to: (a) investigate the dose-dependent formation of DNA and protein adducts at very low doses of AFB1 (0.16 ng/kg–12.3 μg/kg) in the rat; (b) measure the levels of AFB1-albumin and AFB1-DNA adducts at known, relevant exposures in humans (c) study rat to human extrapolations of AFB1-albumin and DNA adduct levels. The results in the rat showed that both AFB1-albumin adduct and AFB1-DNA adduct formation were linear over this wide dose range. The order of adduct formation within the tissues studied was liver>kidney>colon>lung=spleen. Consenting volunteers received 1 μg (∼15 ng/kg) of [14C]AFB1 in a capsule approximately ∼3.5–7 h prior to undergoing colon surgery. The mean level of human AFB1-albumin adducts was 38.8±19.55 pg [14C]AFB1/mg albumin/μg AFB1/kg body weight (b.w.), which was not statistically different to the equivalent dose in the rat (15 ng/kg) 42.29±7.13 pg [14C]AFB1/mg albumin/μg AFB1/kg b.w. There was evidence to suggest the formation of AFB1-DNA adducts in the human colon at very low doses. Comparison of the linear regressions of hepatic AFB1-DNA adduct and AFB1-albumin adduct levels in rat found them to be statistically similar suggesting that the level of AFB1-albumin adducts are useful biomarkers for AFB1 dosimetry and may reflect the DNA adduct levels in the target tissue. [14C]AFB1-DNA and [14C]AFB1-albumin adducts were hydrolysed and analysed by HPLC to confirm that the [14C] measured by AMS was derived from the expected [14C]AFB1 adducts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Food & Chemical Toxicology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AFLATOXINS
KW  - ALBUMINS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - DNA
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - RATS
KW  - Accelerator mass spectroscopy
KW  - Adducts
KW  - AF-diol, aflatoxin B1-8,9-dihydrodiol
KW  - AF-gua, aflatoxin B1 N7-guanine
KW  - AFB1, aflatoxin B1
KW  - Aflatoxin
KW  - AMS, accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - b.w., body weight
KW  - DMD, dimethyldioxirane
KW  - FAPY1, 8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-pyrimid-5-yl-formamido)-9-hydroxy-AFB1
KW  - FAPY2, 8,9-dihydro-8-(2-amino-6-formamido-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-amino)9-hydroxy AFB1
KW  - LLNL, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
KW  - Low dose
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - S:N ratio, signal to noise ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 12375333; Cupid, B.C. 1 Lightfoot, T.J. 1 Russell, D. 1 Gant, S.J. 1 Turner, P.C. 2 Dingley, K.H. 3 Curtis, K.D. 3 Leveson, S.H. 4 Turteltaub3, K.W. Garner, R.C. 1; Email Address: colin.garner@xceleron.co.uk; Affiliation:  1: Jack Birch Unit for Environmental Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK  2: Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Algernon Firth Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: York District Hospital, Wigginton Road, York YO3 7HL, UK; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p559; Subject Term: AFLATOXINS; Subject Term: ALBUMINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: RATS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator mass spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adducts; Author-Supplied Keyword: AF-diol, aflatoxin B1-8,9-dihydrodiol; Author-Supplied Keyword: AF-gua, aflatoxin B1 N7-guanine; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFB1, aflatoxin B1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aflatoxin; Author-Supplied Keyword: AMS, accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: b.w., body weight; Author-Supplied Keyword: DMD, dimethyldioxirane; Author-Supplied Keyword: FAPY1, 8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-pyrimid-5-yl-formamido)-9-hydroxy-AFB1; Author-Supplied Keyword: FAPY2, 8,9-dihydro-8-(2-amino-6-formamido-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-amino)9-hydroxy AFB1; Author-Supplied Keyword: LLNL, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: S:N ratio, signal to noise ratio; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fct.2003.10.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - West, G. B.
AU  - Brown, J. H.
AU  - Enquist, B. J.
T1  - Growth models based on first principles or phenomenology?
JO  - Functional Ecology
JF  - Functional Ecology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
EP  - 196
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02698463
AB  - 1. Most models of growth are simply mathematical descriptions of growth trajectories. They are evaluated empirically based on goodness of statistical fit. 2. Recently we (West et al . 2001) presented a theory of growth based on first principles of energy conservation and allocation. The critical parameters are defined precisely and operationally in terms of measurable fundamental parameters not directly connected to growth, so the mechanistic basis of the model can be evaluated by testing both the assumptions and the predictions. To the extent that available data permit such evaluation, they generally support the model for many classes of organisms including mammals, birds, fish and crustacea. 3. Our model provides a basis for understanding the general and fundamental features governing ontogenetic growth. It is intended to explain the major patterns in terms of first principles of energy allocation to production (of new cells) and maintenance (of existing cells) that are applicable to all organisms. While the model is not intended to account for all of the observed variation in growth rates and life histories it does provide a baseline for developing more detailed treatments of ontogenetic growth. 4. Ricklefs (2003) has criticized the conceptual foundation of our theory as it applies to birds and asserts that it cannot account for many of their growth and life-history attributes. 5. He correctly points to similarities in mathematical form and statistical fit between our growth model and that of von Bertalanffy 1938, but fails to point out the fundamental conceptual differences between the two models. 6. With respect to birds, our model suggests a new hypothesis based on water balance, for the difference in growth allometry between altricial and precocial species. In particular we show that ours is the only model discussed by Ricklefs that correctly predicts the absolute value and scaling characteristics of the total energy metabolized by altricial birds from hatching to fledging. 7. In contrast, Ricklefs's models are of limited utility since they are primarily designed for birds, and are based on qualitative concepts such as 'growth potential' and 'functionality' of tissues and therefore do not readily lead to quantitative predictions. 8. Our model does not imply that mature or asymptotic size is determined simply by resource supply. It allows for a mature body size that is set by natural selection and that results in a balance of energy allocation between production of new biomass and maintenance of existing biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Functional Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Growth
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Ontogeny
KW  - Water balance (Hydrology)
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Phenomenology
KW  - Allometry
KW  - energy allocation
KW  - growth model
KW  - postnatal development.
N1  - Accession Number: 12725020; West, G. B. 1,2; Email Address: gbw@santafe.edu; Brown, J. H. 1,3; Enquist, B. J. 4; Affiliations: 1: Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA; 2: Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; 4: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p188; Thesaurus Term: Growth; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Thesaurus Term: Energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Ontogeny; Thesaurus Term: Water balance (Hydrology); Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Subject Term: Economic development; Subject Term: Resource allocation; Subject Term: Phenomenology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Allometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: growth model; Author-Supplied Keyword: postnatal development.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0269-8463.2004.00857.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savage, V. M.
AU  - Gillooly, J. F.
AU  - Woodruff, W. H.
AU  - West, G. B.
AU  - Allen, A. P.
AU  - Enquist, B. J.
AU  - Brown, J. H.
T1  - FORUM The predominance of quarter-power scaling in biology.
JO  - Functional Ecology
JF  - Functional Ecology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
EP  - 282
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02698463
AB  - 1. Recent studies have resurrected the debate over the value for the allometric scaling exponent that relates whole-organism metabolic rate to body size. Is it ¾ or ⅔ ? This question has been raised before and resolved in favour of ¾ . Like previous ones, recent claims for a value of ⅔ are based almost entirely on basal metabolic rate (BMR) in mammals. 2. Here we compile and analyse a new, larger data set for mammalian BMR. We show that interspecific variation in BMR, as well as field metabolic rates of mammals, and basal or standard metabolic rates for many other organisms, including vertebrates, invertebrates, protists and plants, all scale with exponents whose confidence intervals include ¾ and exclude ⅔ . Our analysis of maximal metabolic rate gives a slope that is greater than and confidence intervals that exclude both ¾ and ⅔ . 3. Additionally, numerous other physiological rates that are closely tied to metabolism in a wide variety of organisms, including heart and respiratory rates in mammals, scale as M-¼ . 4. The fact that quarter-power allometric scaling is so pervasive in biology suggests that different allometric relations have a common, mechanistic origin and provides an empirical basis for theoretical models that derive these scaling exponents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Functional Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Variation (Biology)
KW  - Allometry
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Mammal physiology
KW  - Confidence intervals
KW  - Heart beat
KW  - Body size
KW  - metabolic rates
KW  - physiological times
KW  - quarter-power scaling.
N1  - Accession Number: 12725021; Savage, V. M. 1,2; Email Address: van@santafe.edu; Gillooly, J. F. 3; Woodruff, W. H. 1,2; West, G. B. 1,2; Allen, A. P. 3; Enquist, B. J. 4; Brown, J. H. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; 4: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p257; Thesaurus Term: Variation (Biology); Subject Term: Allometry; Subject Term: Metabolism; Subject Term: Mammal physiology; Subject Term: Confidence intervals; Subject Term: Heart beat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Body size; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolic rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: physiological times; Author-Supplied Keyword: quarter-power scaling.; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0269-8463.2004.00856.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Gregory M.
AU  - Brudno, Michael
AU  - Stone, Eric A.
AU  - Dubchak, Inna
AU  - Batzoglou, Serafim
AU  - Sidow, Arend
T1  - Characterization of Evolutionary Rates and Constraints in Three Mammalian Genomes.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 548
SN  - 10889051
AB  - We present an analysis of rates and patterns of microevolutionary phenomena that have shaped the human, mouse, and rat genomes since their last common ancestor. We find evidence for a shift in the mutational spectrum between the mouse and rat lineages, with the net effect being a relative increase in GC content in the rat genome. Our estimate for the neutral point substitution rate separating the two rodents is 0.196 substitutions per site, and 0.65 substitutions per site for the tree relating all three mammals. Small insertions and deletions of 1-10 bp in length ("microindels'") occur at ∼5% of the point substitution rate. Inferred regional correlations in evolutionary rates between lineages and between types of sites support the idea that rates of evolution are influenced by local genomic or celt biological context. No substantial correlations between rates of point substitutions and rates of microindels are found, however, implying that the influences that affect these processes are distinct. Finally, we have identified those regions in the human genome that are evolving slowly, which are likely to include functional elements important to human biology. At least 5% of the human genome is under substantial constraint, most of which is noncoding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genome Research is the property of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - RATS
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - HUMAN genome
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13461967; Cooper, Gregory M. 1 Brudno, Michael 2 Stone, Eric A. 3 Dubchak, Inna 4 Batzoglou, Serafim 2 Sidow, Arend 1,5; Email Address: arend@stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA  3: Depatment of Statistics, Stanford California, USA  4: Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  5: Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p539; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: RATS; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: HUMAN genome; Subject Term: GENETICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brudno, Michael
AU  - Poliakov, Alexander
AU  - Salamov, Asaf
AU  - Cooper, Gregory M.
AU  - Sidow, Arend
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
AU  - Solovyev, Victor
AU  - Batzoglou, Serafim
AU  - Dubchak, Inna
T1  - Automated Whole-Genome Multiple Alignment of Rat, Mouse, and Human.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 685
EP  - 692
SN  - 10889051
AB  - We have built a whole-genome multiple alignment of the three currently available mammalian genomes using a fully automated pipeline that combines the local/global approach of the Berkeley Genome Pipeline and the LAGAN program. The strategy is based on progressive alignment and consists of two main steps: (1) alignment of the mouse and rat genomes, and (2) alignment of human to either the mouse-rat alignments from step 1, or the remaining unaligned mouse and rat sequences. The resulting alignments demonstrate high sensitivity, with 87% of all human gene-coding areas aligned in both mouse and rat. The specificity is also high: <7% of the rat contigs are aligned to multiple places in human, and 97% of all alignments with human sequence >100 kb agree with a three-way synteny map built independently, using predicted exons in the three genomes. At the nucleotide level <1% of the rat nucleotides are mapped to multiple places in the human sequence in the alignment, and 96.5% of human nucleotides within all alignments agree with the synteny map. The alignments are publicly available online, with visualization through the novel Multi-VISTA browser that we also present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genome Research is the property of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - RATS
KW  - MICE
KW  - HUMAN beings
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13461984; Brudno, Michael 1 Poliakov, Alexander 2 Salamov, Asaf 3,4 Cooper, Gregory M. 5 Sidow, Arend 5,6 Rubin, Edward M. 2,3 Solovyev, Victor 3,4 Batzoglou, Serafim 1; Email Address: serafim@cs.stanford.edu Dubchak, Inna 2,3; Email Address: ildubchak@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA  2: Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  3: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA  4: Softberry Inc., Mount Kisco, New York, USA  5: Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA  6: Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p685; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: RATS; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: HUMAN beings; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: GENETICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schieber, Jürgen
AU  - Riciputi, Lee
T1  - Pyrite ooids in Devonian black shales record intermittent sea-level drop and shallow-water conditions.
JO  - Geology
JF  - Geology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
EP  - 308
SN  - 00917613
AB  - Upper Devonian black shales of the eastern United States contain in places unusual beds of pyrite ooids. Textural and geochemical studies show that these originated as chamositic iron ooids that were replaced by pyrite during early diagenesis. Pyrite mimics the laminated texture of the precursor grain, yet inclusions of silicate minerals and instances of partial replacement reveal the secondary nature of the pyrite. Pyrite ooids occur above erosion surfaces that are considered sequence boundaries because of large lateral extent. Chamositic precursor ooids indicate an oxygenated water column and wave interaction with seafloor sediments at the time of their formation. This scenario agrees with earlier work that stipulates that erosion surfaces in Devonian black shales reflect lowering of sea level that allowed wave reworking and erosion of earlier-deposited black shales. Pyrite ooid beds thus furnish direct evidence of significant sea-level drops during the accumulation of Upper Devonian black shales in eastern North America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geology is the property of Geological Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYRITES
KW  - SULFIDE minerals
KW  - IRON ores
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - black shale
KW  - sea level
KW  - sequence boundary
N1  - Accession Number: 13001545; Schieber, Jürgen 1 Riciputi, Lee 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA  2: Chemical and Analytical Services Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p305; Subject Term: PYRITES; Subject Term: SULFIDE minerals; Subject Term: IRON ores; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: black shale; Author-Supplied Keyword: sea level; Author-Supplied Keyword: sequence boundary; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1130/G20202.1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehman, R. Michael
AU  - O'Connell, Sean P.
AU  - Banta, Amy
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
AU  - Reysenbach, Anna-Louise
AU  - Kieft, Thomas L.
AU  - Colwell, Frederick S.
T1  - Microbiological Comparison of Core and Groundwater Samples Collected from a Fractured Basalt Aquifer with that of Dialysis Chambers Incubated In Situ.
JO  - Geomicrobiology Journal
JF  - Geomicrobiology Journal
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr/May2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 182
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01490451
AB  - Microorganisms associated with basalt core were compared to those suspended in groundwater pumped from the same well in the eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer (Idaho, USA). Two wells located at different distances from the source of a mixed-waste plume in the fractured basalt aquifer were examined. In the well more distal from the plume source, an array of dialysis chambers filled with either deionized water or crushed basalt was equilibrated to compare the microorganisms collected in this fashion with those from core and groundwater samples collected in a traditional manner from the same well. The samples were characterized to determine the total amount of biomass, presence of specific populations or physiological groups, and potential community functions. Microorganisms and their activities were nearly undetectable in core and groundwater collected from the well farthest from the plume source and substantially enriched in both core and groundwater from the well closest to the plume source. In both wells, differences (statistically significant for some measures) were found between bacteria associated with the cores and those suspended in the groundwater. Significantly higher populations were found in the basalt- and water-filled dialysis chambers incubated in the open well compared with core and groundwater samples, respectively. For a given parameter, the variation among dialysis chambers incubated at different depths was much less than the high variation observed among core samples. Analyses on selected basalt- and water-filled dialysis chamber samples suggested that these two communities were compositionally similar but exhibited different potential functions. Documented knowledge of cell physiological changes associated with attachment and potential differences between attached and unattached communities in aquifers indicate that careful consideration should be given to the type of sample media (i.e., core, groundwater, substrata incubated in a well) used to represent a subsurface environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geomicrobiology Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - BASALT
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - DIALYSIS (Chemistry)
KW  - aquifer
KW  - attached
KW  - free-living
KW  - groundwater
KW  - microbiology
KW  - subsurface
KW  - TCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12584006; Lehman, R. Michael 1; Email Address: mlehman@ngirl.ars.usda.gov O'Connell, Sean P. 1 Banta, Amy 2 Fredrickson, James K. 3 Reysenbach, Anna-Louise 2 Kieft, Thomas L. 4 Colwell, Frederick S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biotechnology Department, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, USA  2: Department of Environmental Biology, Portland State University, USA  3: Department of Environmental Microbiology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA  4: Biology Department, New Mexico Institute of Minign and Technology, USA; Source Info: Apr/May2004, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p169; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: BASALT; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: HYDROGEOLOGY; Subject Term: DIALYSIS (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: aquifer; Author-Supplied Keyword: attached; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-living; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: subsurface; Author-Supplied Keyword: TCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621492 Kidney Dialysis Centers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berryman, James G.
T1  - Poroelastic shear modulus dependence on pore-fluid properties arising in a model of thin isotropic layers.
JO  - Geophysical Journal International
JF  - Geophysical Journal International
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 157
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
EP  - 425
SN  - 0956540X
AB  - Gassmann's fluid substitution formulae for bulk and shear moduli were originally derived for the quasi-static mechanical behaviour of fluid-saturated rocks. It has been shown recently that it is possible to understand deviations from Gassmann's results at higher frequencies when the rock is heterogeneous, and in particular when the rock heterogeneity anywhere is locally anisotropic. On the other hand, a well-known way of generating anisotropy in the earth is through fine layering. Then, Backus' averaging of the mechanical behaviour of the layered isotropic media at the microscopic level produces anisotropic mechanical behaviour at the macroscopic level. For our present purposes, the Backus averaging concept can also be applied to fluid-saturated porous media, thereby permitting us to study how deviations from Gassmann's predictions could arise in an elementary fashion. We consider both open-pore and closed-pore boundary conditions between layers within this model in order to study in detail how violations of Gassmann's predictions can arise. After evaluating a number of possibilities, we find that two choices, and , stand out and that they satisfy a pair of product formulae , where are eigenvalues of the stiffness matrix for the pertinent quasi-compressional and quasi-shear modes. is the Reuss average for the bulk modulus, which is also the true bulk modulus K for the simple layered system. is the Voigt average. For an isotropic polycrystalline system composed of simple layered systems randomly oriented at the microscale, and are the upper and lower bounds respectively on the bulk modulus, and and are the upper and lower bounds, respectively, on the of interest here. For poroelasticity, we find that exhibits many of the expected/desired properties of an effective shear modulus, exhibiting dependence on fluid properties. In particular, it is dependent on the fluctuations in the layer shear moduli, and also is a monotonically increasing function of Skempton's coefficient B of pore-pressure build-up, which is itself a measure of the pore fluid's ability to stiffen the porous material in compression. Moreover also reduces exactly to one-half of the quasi-shear eigenvalue in the special case when the bulk modulus of all the layers is the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geophysical Journal International is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR waves
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - Fluid effects
KW  - layered earth model
KW  - poroelasticity
KW  - shear.
N1  - Accession Number: 12719948; Berryman, James G. 1; Email Address: berryman1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808 L-200, Livermore, CA 9455 1-9900, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 157 Issue 1, p415; Subject Term: SHEAR waves; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: layered earth model; Author-Supplied Keyword: poroelasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: shear.; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02184.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnett, J.M.
AU  - Ballinger, M.Y.
AU  - Gervais, T.L.
AU  - Douglas, D.D.
AU  - Edwards, D.L.
T1  - RESULTS OF INSPECTION AND CLEANING OF TWO RADIONUCLIDE AIR-SAMPLING SYSTEMS BASED ON THE REQUIREMENTS OF ANSI/HPS N13.1-1999.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 86
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 416
EP  - 424
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory inspected and cleaned two radionuclide air-sampling systems that continuously monitor radioactive air emissions from research and development facilities. The inspection and cleaning was performed to evaluate effective methods and potential cost impacts of maintenance requirements in the revised American National Standard Institute standard Sampling and Monitoring Releases of Airborne Radioactive Substances from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclear Facilities. The standard requires at least annual inspections of sampling systems followed by cleaning if deposits are visible. During 2001 and 2002, inspections were performed leaving the sampling systems in place and inserting videoscope cables into different access points to allow viewing of the inside and outside of sampling manifolds and transport lines. Cleaning was performed on one of the systems by disconnecting and extracting the sampling manifold, then washing it with de-ionized water and scrub brushes. The wash water was analyzed for radioactivity and solids. Results of the inspection showed greater deposition in one of the systems than would be expected by a High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filtered exhaust stream, possibly due to accumulation of dust from a short period when unfiltered air was exhausted from construction areas. The second system was also downstream of HEPA filters and appeared much cleaner. The videoscope was a useful and cost-effective tool and provided a better view than could be obtained with the naked eye. However, because even small amounts of deposition were made visible with the videoscope, clarification is needed in defining when probe washing is merited, particularly in existing sampling systems whose design is not conducive to easy removal and cleaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Radioactive substances
KW  - Nuclear engineering
KW  - Air sampling apparatus
KW  - Radiochemistry
KW  - Medical physics
KW  - air sampling
KW  - atmospheric
KW  - emissions
N1  - Accession Number: 12798806; Barnett, J.M. 1; Email Address: matthew.barnett@pnl.gov; Ballinger, M.Y. 1; Gervais, T.L. 1; Douglas, D.D. 1; Edwards, D.L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 86 Issue 4, p416; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive substances; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear engineering; Subject Term: Air sampling apparatus; Subject Term: Radiochemistry; Subject Term: Medical physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: air sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric; Author-Supplied Keyword: emissions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Color Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, Rebecca A.
AU  - Sample, Bradley E.
AU  - Peterson, Mark J.
T1  - Ecotoxicity Test Data for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil: Plants and Soil-Dwelling Invertebrates.
JO  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
JF  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 231
SN  - 10807039
AB  - Ecotoxicity benchmarks for petroleum mixtures can be used in a screening-level ecological risk assessment. Data from studies evaluating the toxicity of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) to plants and soil invertebrates were reviewed for possible application to soil benchmark development. Toxicity data included LOAECs; estimated EC25s, EC20s, and LC50s; effective concentrations that caused greater than a 20% level of effect; and NOAECs. The variabilities in petroleum material, chemical analytical methodology, age of hydrocarbon-soil contact, nutrient amendment, and measured effects levels did not permit much meaningful aggregation of the data. Tenth, twenty-fifth, and fiftieth percentiles of toxicity and no-effects data are presented for unaggregated results within studies. Effects on invertebrates often occurred at concentrations of TPH lower than those associated with effects on plants. Lighter mixtures generally were associated with lower ranges of effects concentrations than heavier crude oil. Few aged and non-aged samples were available from the same study, and these did not show obvious trends regarding toxicity. Similarly, the addition of nutrients to promote bioremediation was not observed across studies to alter effective or nontoxic concentrations in a systematic way. Existing toxicity data are not sufficient to establish broadly applicable TPH ecotoxicity screening benchmarks with much confidence, even for specific mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Ecological Risk Assessment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - PETROLEUM
KW  - SOILS
KW  - INVERTEBRATES
KW  - PLANT nutrients
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis
KW  - ecological risk assessment
KW  - ecotoxicity
KW  - petroleum
KW  - phytotoxicity
KW  - soil invertebrate.
KW  - TPH
N1  - Accession Number: 13240734; Efroymson, Rebecca A. 1; Email Address: Efroymson@ornl.gov Sample, Bradley E. 1 Peterson, Mark J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p207; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: PETROLEUM; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: INVERTEBRATES; Subject Term: PLANT nutrients; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: petroleum; Author-Supplied Keyword: phytotoxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil invertebrate.; Author-Supplied Keyword: TPH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10807030490438175
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryti, Randall T.
AU  - Markwiese, James
AU  - Mirenda, Richard
AU  - Soholt, Lars
T1  - Preliminary Remediation Goals for Terrestrial Wildlife.
JO  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
JF  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 450
SN  - 10807039
AB  - Remediation of contaminated sites requires information on upper concentration limits of chemicals in environmental media that are protective of ecological receptors. These upper concentration limits can be considered ecological preliminary re- mediation goals (EcoPRGs). The motivation for developing EcoPRGs was to provide risk managers with a simple tool for evaluating remedial actions that would be protective of the environment. Hazard quotient calculations used to support ecological screening assessments were modified to derive soil EcoPRGs for terrestrial wildlife populations. The primary modification is a population area use factor that is the fraction of a terrestrial animal population potentially affected by the contaminated site. Wildlife assessment population boundaries are based on a receptor's dispersal distance; for mammals dispersal distance is strongly related to the linear dimension (square root) of home range. Assuming that wildlife are unlikely to disperse beyond some distance from their birth or natal site, dispersal distance can be thought of as the radius of the assessment population's boundaries. This general relationship is useful as a simple way to estimate assessment population areas for terrestrial animals and helps fill data gaps for wildlife without direct measurements of dispersal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Ecological Risk Assessment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WILDLIFE conservation
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL remediation
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - SOILS
KW  - cleanup goal
KW  - contaminated soil.
KW  - ecological screening assessment
KW  - Population effects
N1  - Accession Number: 13240903; Ryti, Randall T. 1 Markwiese, James 1; Email Address: jimm@neptuneinc.org Mirenda, Richard 2 Soholt, Lars 2; Affiliation:  1: Neptune and Company, Inc., Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p437; Subject Term: WILDLIFE conservation; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL remediation; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: SOILS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cleanup goal; Author-Supplied Keyword: contaminated soil.; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological screening assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Population effects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10807030490438490
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Griffith, Brent
AU  - Chen, Qingyan
T1  - Framework for Coupling Room Air Models to Heat Balance Model Load and Energy Calculations (RP-1222).
JO  - HVAC&R Research
JF  - HVAC&R Research
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 111
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10789669
AB  - Most energy and load calculation procedures have assumed that room air is well mixed, which may lead to significant errors in sizing HVAC systems, estimating building energy use, and predicting thermal comfort for buildings with buoyancy-driven room airflow. This investigation has developed a framework and computer code for coupling detailed air models with building energy and load calculations as an extension to the ASHRAE Toolkit for Building Load Calculations. Two nodal models and a momentum-zonal model were selected for testing the coupling framework in a program for hourly load calculations ora single thermal zone. The heat balance model for load and energy calculations is reformulated to use zone air temperature as a variable defined separately for each surface. Air system flow rates are determined using air model predictions for temperature at the air system returns and a room air control location. The effect of air models on sensible load was found to be minor except when aggressive diurnal thermal mass strategies were involved. Nodal models appear practical to implement in load and energy programs and should improve results for air system flow rate and return air temperatures. Results show increases of about a factor of four in computing time for nodal models compared to the well-mixed model. Computing time is increased by two orders with the three-dimensional momentum-zonal model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of HVAC&R Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUILDINGS -- Environmental engineering
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - HEATING
KW  - AIR conditioning
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 12860528; Griffith, Brent 1 Chen, Qingyan 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Buildings and Thermal Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colo.  2: Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p91; Subject Term: BUILDINGS -- Environmental engineering; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: AIR conditioning; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiong, H. D.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
T1  - Low-frequency noise and radiation response of buried oxides in SOI nMOS transistors.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Circuits, Devices & Systems
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Circuits, Devices & Systems
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 151
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 118
EP  - 124
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 13502409
AB  - Investigates the back gate noise of irradiated silicon on insulator (SOI) metal oxide semiconductor. Indication of the advantages of SOI; Primary focus of most studies of the effects of radiation on MOS noise; Radiation effects on back gate noise.
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 13135351; Xiong, H. D. 1 Fleetwood, D. M. 1 Schwank, J. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 151 Issue 2, p118; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arodzero, A.
AU  - Bolozdynya, A.
AU  - Bolotnikov, A.
AU  - Proctor, A.
AU  - Richards, J.
T1  - Two-Channel High-Pressure Helium-3 Scintillation Neutron Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 322
EP  - 328
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We have developed a two-channel, high-pressure ³He gas scintillation detector that operates in coincidence mode. The detector consists of two 16-mm diameter avalanche photo-diodes viewing a 7-mm gap between them and mounted inside a stainless steel shell with 1.5-nun thick input windows. The gap is filled with a ³He + 0.5%Xe gas mixture pressurized at 35 bar. The detector rejects signals generated by radiation interacting directly with the photodiodes and works as a "wall-less" detector, sensitive to interactions occurring only in the gas. The detector shows axial and radial position sensitivity to thermal neutrons within the gap between photodiodes. The position sensitivity is observed in good agreement with computer simulations. Applications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Helium
KW  - Neutron counters
KW  - Nuclear counters
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Photodiodes
KW  - Semiconductor diodes
N1  - Accession Number: 12991527; Arodzero, A. 1; Bolozdynya, A. 1; Email Address: bolozdynya@contech.com; Bolotnikov, A. 2; Proctor, A. 1; Richards, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Constellation Technology Corporation, Largo, FL 33777 USA.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p322; Thesaurus Term: Helium; Subject Term: Neutron counters; Subject Term: Nuclear counters; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Photodiodes; Subject Term: Semiconductor diodes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.825091
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Gitomer, Steven J.
T1  - Editorial.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 350
EP  - 350
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The editorial is intended to serve as an introduction to a new series of Special Issues in the "IEE Transactions of Plasma Science." Beginning with this issue of selected contributed oral papers from the International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS) 2003. It was decided that candidates papers for the special issue would be limited to subset of all papers actually presented at ICOPS. nominations from oral contributed papers for the selection process for this Special Issue. The manuscripts represented in this Special Issue are drawn from all the disciplines of plasma science represented at ICOPS.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - MANUSCRIPTS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - NONBOOK materials
N1  - Accession Number: 13836270; Gitomer, Steven J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory Nuclear Nonproliferation Division Safeguards Systems Group (N-4) Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Apr2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p350; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: MANUSCRIPTS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: NONBOOK materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.830908
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ang, L. K.
AU  - Lau, Y. Y.
AU  - Kwan, T. J. T.
T1  - Simple Derivation of Quantum Scaling in Child -- Langmuir Law.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 410
EP  - 413
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A simple derivation of the new scaling of Child- Langmuir law in the quantum regime is presented. Based on a dimensional argument of the Schrodinger equation and the Poisson equation, the limiting current in the deeply quantum regime is found to be proportional to the square root of the gap voltage and to the inverse fourth power of gap spacing. The importance of electron exchange-correlation interactions in the quantum regime is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PLASMA frequencies
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - ACOUSTIC surface waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13836279; Ang, L. K. 1; Email Address: elkang@nw.edu.sg Lau, Y. Y. 2 Kwan, T. J. T. 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore.  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.  3: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Apr2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p410; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PLASMA frequencies; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: ACOUSTIC surface waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.826366
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13836279&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiegel, Frederik W.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Theoretical Article Some Scaling Principles for the Immune System.
JO  - Immunology & Cell Biology
JF  - Immunology & Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 82
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 131
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 08189641
AB  - Using recent progress in biological scaling, we explore the way in which the immune system of an animal scales with its mass ( M). It is shown that the number of cells in a single clone of B cells should scale as M and that the B-cell repertoire scales as ln ( cM), where c is a constant. The time that a B cell needs to circulate once through the organism is shown to scale as M1/4 ln ( cM). It is suggested that the scaling of other cell populations in the immune system could be derived from these scaling relations for B cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Immunology & Cell Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - B cells
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - protectons
KW  - scaling laws
KW  - theoretical immunology.
N1  - Accession Number: 12673379; Wiegel, Frederik W. 1 Perelson, Alan S. 2; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, Valckenierstraat 65, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 82 Issue 2, p127; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Subject Term: B cells; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: protectons; Author-Supplied Keyword: scaling laws; Author-Supplied Keyword: theoretical immunology.; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1046/j.0818-9641.2004.01229.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Collins, Michael J.
T1  - COVERING A SET OF POINTS WITH A MINIMUM NUMBER OF TURNS.
JO  - International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications
JF  - International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 114
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02181959
AB  - Given a finite set of points in Euclidean space, we can ask what is the minimum number of times a piecewise-linear path must change direction in order to pass through all of them. We prove some new upper and lower bounds for the rectilinear version of this problem in which all motion is orthogonal to the coordinate axes. We also consider the more general case of arbitrary directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ORTHOGONAL arrays
KW  - CURVATURE
KW  - SPACES of constant curvature
KW  - bends
KW  - link-length
KW  - rectilinear
KW  - TSP
KW  - Turns
N1  - Accession Number: 13689219; Collins, Michael J. 1; Email Address: mcollins@cs.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Cyrptography and Information Systems Surety Department, Albuquerque NM 87185-0785, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1130, Albuquerque NM 87131-0001, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 14 Issue 1/2, p105; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL arrays; Subject Term: CURVATURE; Subject Term: SPACES of constant curvature; Author-Supplied Keyword: bends; Author-Supplied Keyword: link-length; Author-Supplied Keyword: rectilinear; Author-Supplied Keyword: TSP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turns; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammi, Y.
AU  - Bammann, D. J.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M. F.
T1  - Modeling of Anisotropic Damage for Ductile Materials in Metal Forming Processes.
JO  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 146
SN  - 10567895
AB  - The primary goal of this study is to model the anisotropic effect of ductile damage in metal forming processes. To represent the ductile metals, an anisotropic ductile plasticity/damage formulation is considered within the framework of continuum mechanics. The formulation is motivated from fracture mechanisms and physical observations in Al--Si--Mg aluminum alloys with second phases. The ductile damage mechanisms are represented by the classical ductile process of nucleation of voids at inclusions, followed by their growth and coalescence. Functions associated with each mechanism are related to different microstructural parameters. The damage, represented by a second rank tensor, is coupled to the Bammann--Chiesa--Johnson (BCJ) rate-dependent plasticity using the effective stress concept. The constitutive equations are integrated using a trapezoidal implicit scheme and implemented into an explicit finite element code. This implementation is used to predict damage during the forward axisymmetric extrusion of an aluminum bar. This example illustrates the applicability of the model to predict the initiation and the evolution of anisotropic damage in metal forming processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Damage Mechanics is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - METALS
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - anisotropic damage
KW  - constitutive behavior
KW  - elastic-viscoplasticity material
KW  - metal forming processes
KW  - stress integration finite elements
KW  - void coalescence
KW  - void growth
KW  - void nucleation
N1  - Accession Number: 12983392; Hammi, Y. 1 Bammann, D. J. 1 Horstemeyer, M. F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Material & Engineering Sciences Center, MS 9405, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  2: Mississippi State University, 206 Carpenter Bldg., P.O. Box ME, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p123; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: anisotropic damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: constitutive behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: elastic-viscoplasticity material; Author-Supplied Keyword: metal forming processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress integration finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: void coalescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: void growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: void nucleation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1056789504039255
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei, Y.
AU  - Chow, C. L.
AU  - Neilsen, M. K.
AU  - Fang, H. E.
T1  - Constitutive Model for Sn-Pb Solder under Fatigue Loading.
JO  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
EP  - 161
SN  - 10567895
AB  - The paper presents a constitutive model for Sn-Pb solder which captures the response of this complex material subject to a variety of load paths including fatigue loading. Internal state variables are established to characterize grain coarsening and material degradation observed experimentally. A damage-coupled viscoplastic constitutive model is formulated to take into account the effects of temperature and loading rates on mechanical response. The influence of fatigue loading frequency or strain rate, hold time, and temperature on mechanical behavior and fatigue life for 63Sn-37Pb solder alloy is examined. The fatigue failure predictions are compared with those obtained experimentally and found to be satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Damage Mechanics is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - OSTWALD ripening
KW  - VISCOPLASTICITY
KW  - damage
KW  - fatigue life
KW  - grain coarsening
KW  - hold time
KW  - load drop
KW  - solder
KW  - strain rate
KW  - viscoplastic
N1  - Accession Number: 12983393; Wei, Y. 1 Chow, C. L. 1 Neilsen, M. K. 2 Fang, H. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan 48128, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p147; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: OSTWALD ripening; Subject Term: VISCOPLASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: fatigue life; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain coarsening; Author-Supplied Keyword: hold time; Author-Supplied Keyword: load drop; Author-Supplied Keyword: solder; Author-Supplied Keyword: strain rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: viscoplastic; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1056789504041056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Fang C.
AU  - Gao, Zhiming
T1  - An analysis of black liquor falling film evaporation
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 47
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1657
SN  - 00179310
AB  - Scaling in conventional black liquor evaporators has presented problems for decades, impeding the improvement of productivity in paper mills. Recent investigations suggest that falling film technology may effectively minimize black liquor fouling and improve productivity in a paper mill. This finding motivates the current work to analyze the transport phenomenon, enrichment and scale fouling of black liquor in a falling film evaporator. In the paper, a mathematical model based on a turbulent two-phase flow with multiple components is presented to investigate the transport processes of black liquor in a falling film evaporator. A phenomenological model of crystallization fouling is used to predict the fouling process. The results show the relationship between heat and mass transfer occurring within a very thin viscous sublayer close to the heat transfer surface, and the influence of soluble solids concentration and thermal boundary condition on the enrichment and scale fouling of black liquor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SULFATE waste liquor
KW  - PAPER mills
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - MASS transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 11881601; Chen, Fang C.; Email Address: chenfc@ornl.gov Gao, Zhiming 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6070, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 47 Issue 8/9, p1657; Subject Term: SULFATE waste liquor; Subject Term: PAPER mills; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: MASS transfer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 322121 Paper (except Newsprint) Mills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 322122 Newsprint Mills; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2003.10.034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=11881601&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baesu, E.
AU  - Rudd, R.E.
AU  - Belak, J.
AU  - McElfresh, M.
T1  - Continuum modeling of cell membranes
JO  - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
SN  - 00207462
AB  - In this paper, we develop a finite-deformation model for cell membranes with a view toward characterizing the local mechanical response of membranes in atomic force microscope (AFM) experiments. The membrane is modeled as a 2-D fluid continuum endowed with bending resistance. The general theory is used to obtain equations that describe axisymmetric equilibrium states. The membrane is assumed to enclose a fluid medium, which transmits hydrostatic pressure to the membrane, and a point load is applied at the pole to simulate an AFM probe. Both types of loading are associated with a potential and the problem is then cast in a variational setting. The equilibrium equations and boundary conditions are obtained by applying standard variational procedures, resulting in a pair of coupled fourth-order differential equations to be solved for the shape of the meridian. Further refinements associated with global constraints on the enclosed volume and contact with a rigid substrate are introduced, and a solution strategy is proposed which relies on an iterative scheme for calculating the associated Lagrange multipliers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 10231556; Baesu, E. 1; Email Address: ebaesu@unlserve.unl.edu Rudd, R.E. 2 Belak, J. 2 McElfresh, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering Mechanics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, W304 Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Materials Research Institute, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p369; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-7462(02)00193-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hao, Su
AU  - Liu, Wing Kam
AU  - Klein, Patrick A.
AU  - Rosakis, Ares J.
T1  - Modeling and simulation of intersonic crack growth
JO  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
JF  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 41
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1773
SN  - 00207683
AB  - Intersonic crack growth has been studied using an interfacial fracture model in which an additional material phase within a bonding layer is proposed to describe the failure behavior of the interface. In this material phase, a strain gradient based damage model is applied with a built-in cohesive law, which is governed by an material intrinsic length scale that bridges the mechanisms that operate at continuum mechanics scale and at smaller scales. Simulations of the intersonic crack growth experiments (; ) have been performed with varying material length scales and other parameters. The study is focused on two subjects: (1) the process of decohesion-induced cracking, explaining fracture process zone initiation and propagation as well as the corresponding contact mechanisms; (2) propagation speed, investigating the effects of length scales and loading parameters.The simulations reveal that a fracture process zone initiates first and extends with a speed faster than shear wave speed. After initiation, the crack speed exhibits oscillations with an average value between <f>cs√ of <RCD>2</RCD></rad></f> and <f>c<rm>l</rm></f>, where <f>c<rm>s</rm></f> and <f>c<rm>l</rm></f> refer to shear wave and dilatation wave speeds, respectively. In such a quasi-steady-state propagation, the crack opening profiles exhibit a time-invariant profile, while the fracture process zone size and decohesion energy remain constant. Contact between the crack faces is taken into account in the numerical simulations. A contact zone behind the crack tip has been captured which represents a self-healing-like mechanism. The leading edge of both the fracture process zone and the contact zone may cause strong shocks. When the average crack propagation speed approaches the supersonic region, two stress shocks radiate from the crack tip, corresponding to shear and dilatation wave radiation, respectively. The simulation results demonstrate that length and time scales play vital roles during crack propagation. Here the length scales refer to the bonding layer thickness and the material’s intrinsic length that governs energy dissipation during failure; whereas the time scales refer to the effects of material strain rate dependence, material failure speed, and wave propagation properties. A parameter <f>R<rm>s</rm></f>, expressed as the ratio of material shear strength and the applied stress that is calculated from the remote imposed displacement boundary condition, is proposed to scale crack speed. Intersonic propagation occurs when <f>R<rm>s</rm></f> is greater than a threshold value. The numerical computations are compared with experiments (; ) and the theoretical solution [Philos. Mag., A, in press], which demonstrates the trend that crack propagation is unstable in the open speed interval between <f>c<rm>s</rm></f> and <f>κ<rm>v</rm>c<rm>s</rm></f> (<f><rad><RCD>2</RCD></f> and <f>cl</f>, where <f>cs</f> and <f>cl</f> refer to shear wave and dilatation wave speeds, respectively. In such a quasi-steady-state propagation, the crack opening profiles exhibit a time-invariant profile, while the fracture process zone size and decohesion energy remain constant. Contact between the crack faces is taken into account in the numerical simulations. A contact zone behind the crack tip has been captured which represents a self-healing-like mechanism. The leading edge of both the fracture process zone and the contact zone may cause strong shocks. When the average crack propagation speed approaches the supersonic region, two stress shocks radiate from the crack tip, corresponding to shear and dilatation wave radiation, respectively. The simulation results demonstrate that length and time scales play vital roles during crack propagation. Here the length scales refer to the bonding layer thickness and the material’s intrinsic length that governs energy dissipation during failure; whereas the time scales refer to the effects of material strain rate dependence, material failure speed, and wave propagation properties. A parameter <f>Rs</f>, expressed as the ratio of material shear strength and the applied stress that is calculated from the remote imposed displacement boundary condition, is proposed to scale crack speed. Intersonic propagation occurs when <f>Rs</f> is greater than a threshold value. The numerical computations are compared with experiments (; ) and the theoretical solution [Philos. Mag., A, in press], which demonstrates the trend that crack propagation is unstable in the open speed interval between <f>cs</f> and <f>κvcs</f> (<f>√ of <RCD>2</RCD>&les;κv<cl/cs</f>) whereas it is stable when the speed lies in the close interval between <f>κvcs</f> and <f>cl</f>. The coefficient <f>κv</f> is a function of material length scale, strain rate sensitivity, and boundary conditions. The moving particle finite element method, a newly developed meshfree method, and the pinball contact algorithm are applied in the numerical analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Solids & Structures is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - Cohesive model
KW  - Crack growth
KW  - Dynamic fracture
KW  - Fracture toughness
KW  - Interface crack
KW  - Interfacial decohesion
KW  - Intersonic
KW  - Meshfree method
KW  - Supersonic
N1  - Accession Number: 12168466; Hao, Su 1; Email Address: suhao@northwestern.edu Liu, Wing Kam 1; Email Address: w-liu@northwestern.edu Klein, Patrick A. 2; Email Address: paklein@sandia.gov Rosakis, Ares J. 3; Email Address: rosakis@aero.caltech.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2154 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 41 Issue 7, p1773; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cohesive model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface crack; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial decohesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intersonic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meshfree method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supersonic; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.10.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Langan, Paul
AU  - Greene, Gayle
T1  - Protein crystallography with spallation neutrons: collecting and processing wavelength-resolved Laue protein data.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 257
SN  - 00218898
AB  - The protein crystallography station at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center is the first to be built at a spallation neutron source. Time-of-flight methods in combination with a large electronic position-sensitive and time-sensitive detector are used in order to collect wavelength-resolved Laue diffraction data. The wavelength-resolved Laue technique is new to protein crystallography and has required the development of new strategies for data collection and data analysis. The software suite d*TREK has been adapted and used in combination with the Daresbury Laue software suite, the instrument control software PCSGUI, and the graphics program O, for data collection and processing in the protein crystallography station wavelength-resolved Laue environment. Examples are given, as typical, for data processing from rubredoxin, insulin and Dxylose isomerase with unit cells ranging from 34.32 × 35.31 × 44.23 Å to 93.78 × 88.53 × 102.90 Å, thus illustrating the power of the instrument and the scope of the instrument software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 12999457; Langan, Paul 1; Email Address: langan_paul@lanl.gov Greene, Gayle 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p253; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0021889804000627
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12999457&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stan, M.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Jiang, H.
AU  - Butt, D.P.
T1  - Kinetics of oxygen removal from ceria.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3358
EP  - 3361
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The kinetics of oxygen removal from CeO[sub 2] were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, at high temperatures, under a reducing atmosphere of Ar–6%H[sub 2]. A chemical diffusivity model was developed that takes into account the composition dependence of both the pre-exponential factor and the activation energy. In this model, the pre-exponential factor is given by D[sub 0]=22.32 exp(-0.22x) (cm[sup 2]/s), and the activation energy is ΔE=195.4-173.9x (kJ/mol), where x is the nonstoichiometry coefficient in CeO[sub 2-x]. The model describes well the oxygen removal kinetics for the entire time range (100 min), demonstrating its superiority over two popular mathematical models that can only fit part of the experimental data. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - THERMOGRAVIMETRY
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12556279; Stan, M. 1; Email Address: mastan@lanl.gov Zhu, Y.T. 1 Jiang, H. 1 Butt, D.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 7, p3358; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: THERMOGRAVIMETRY; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1650890
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12556279&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breiland, W.G.
AU  - Lee, S.R.
AU  - Koleske, D.D.
T1  - Effect of diffraction and film-thickness gradients on wafer-curvature measurements of thin-film stress.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3453
EP  - 3465
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - When optical measurements of wafer curvature are used to determine thin-film stress, the laser beams that probe the sample are usually assumed to reflect specularly from the curved surface of the film and substrate. Yet, real films are not uniformly thick, and unintended thickness gradients produce optical diffraction effects that steer the laser away from the ideal specular condition. As a result, the deflection of the laser in wafer-curvature measurements is actually sensitive to both the film stress and the film-thickness gradient. We present a Fresnel–Kirchhoff optical diffraction model of wafer-curvature measurements that provides a unified description of these combined effects. The model accurately simulates real-time wafer-curvature measurements of nonuniform GaN films grown on sapphire substrates by vapor-phase epitaxy. During thin-film growth, thickness gradients cause the reflected beam to oscillate asymmetrically about the ideal position defined by the stress-induced wafer curvature. This oscillating deflection has the same periodicity as the reflectance of the growing film, and the deflection amplitude is a function of the film-thickness gradient, the mean film thickness, the wavelength distribution of the light source, the illuminated spot size, and the refractive indices of the film and substrate. For typical GaN films grown on sapphire, misinterpretation of these gradient-induced oscillations can cause stress-measurement errors that approach 10% of the stress-thickness product; much greater errors occur in highly nonuniform films. Only transparent films can exhibit substantial gradient-induced deflections; strongly absorbing films are immune. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - REFRACTIVE index
N1  - Accession Number: 12556265; Breiland, W.G. 1 Lee, S.R. 1; Email Address: srlee@sandia.gov Koleske, D.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 7, p3453; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: REFRACTIVE index; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1650882
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12556265&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pin Yang
AU  - Rodriguez, Mark A.
AU  - Burns, George R.
AU  - Stavig, Mark E.
AU  - Moore, Roger H.
T1  - Electric field effect on the rhombohedral–rhombohedral phase transformation in tin modified lead zirconate titanate ceramics.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3626
EP  - 3632
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The ferroelectric–to–ferroelectic phase transformation between the high temperature (FE[sub RH]) and the low temperature (FE[sub RL]) rhomobohedral phases in lead based perovskite under the dc bias conditions was investigated. Dielectric measurements show that an external electric field stabilizes the FE[sub RL] phase and moves the phase transformation to a higher temperature. The observation has been further verified by an in situ microfocused x-ray study where an external field can effectively induce the oxygen octahedral tilting in the crystalline lattice and extends the thermal stability region of the FE[sub RL] phase to a higher temperature. An analysis based on the combination of the Clausius–Clapeyron relationship with lattice dynamic principles suggests that the transformation from FE[sub RH] to FE[sub RL] is driven by a short-range interaction in the crystalline lattice. The origin of this short-range interaction is proposed, based on the structural evolution during the phase transformation. Experimental evidence suggests that such interaction driving the structural instability can be exploited by an external electric field near the phase transformation temperature and leads to an unusual, transient field-enhanced deformation near the FE[sub RH]/FE[sub RL] phase transformation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - LEAD compounds
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
N1  - Accession Number: 12556237; Pin Yang 1; Email Address: pyang@sandia.gov Rodriguez, Mark A. 1 Burns, George R. 1 Stavig, Mark E. 1 Moore, Roger H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 7, p3626; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: LEAD compounds; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1650893
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Hundley, M.F.
AU  - Malinowski, A.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Microstructure and electronic properties of Cu/Mo multilayers and three-dimensional arrays of nanocrystalline Cu precipitates embedded in a Mo matrix.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3644
EP  - 3648
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Nanostructured Cu/Mo multilayers were prepared by magnetron sputtering. The thickness of the Cu layer was kept constant at 0.6 nm, while the thickness of the Mo layers varied from 2.5 to 20 nm for different specimens. The Cu layers exhibit a body centered cubic (bcc) structure and the interface between Cu and Mo remains sharp and planar in all specimens. Annealing of a Cu 0.6 nm/Mo 20 nm multilayer produced three-dimensional arrays of Cu nanoparticles lying along the previous interface. These Cu nanoparticles have an average particle size of roughly 2 nm with a bcc structure. Temperature-dependent resistivity measurements in as-deposited and annealed samples are reported. These data indicate that carrier scattering changes markedly as the system evolves from one that consists predominantly of planar interfaces to one dominated by spherical scattering centers. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - COPPER
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 12556234; Zhang, X. 1; Email Address: zhangx@lanl.gov Hundley, M.F. 1 Malinowski, A. 1 Misra, A. 1 Wang, H. 1 Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 7, p3644; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649795
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12556234&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warmsingh, C.
AU  - Yoshida, Y.
AU  - Readey, D.W.
AU  - Teplin, C.W.
AU  - Perkins, J.D.
AU  - Parilla, P.A.
AU  - Gedvilas, L.M.
AU  - Keyes, B.M.
AU  - Ginley, D.S.
T1  - High-mobility transparent conducting Mo-doped In[sub 2]O[sub 3] thin films by pulsed laser deposition.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3831
EP  - 3833
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Highly conductive and transparent Mo-doped indium oxide (IMO) thin films were grown on glass and (100) yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) single-crystal substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The electrical, optical, and structural properties were measured for films grown from 0, 1, 2, and 4 wt % Mo-doped targets. Films grown from the 2 wt % Mo-doped target had the best overall properties. In particular, for biaxially textured 2 wt % Mo IMO films grown on (100) YSZ, the conductivity was ∼3000 S cm-1 with a mobility greater than 95 cm2 V-1 s-1. In the visible, the optical transmittance normalized to the substrate was greater than 90%. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - TRANSPARENCY (Optics)
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
N1  - Accession Number: 12556202; Warmsingh, C. 1 Yoshida, Y. 1 Readey, D.W. 1 Teplin, C.W. 2 Perkins, J.D. 2; Email Address: john_perkins@nrel.gov Parilla, P.A. 2 Gedvilas, L.M. 2 Keyes, B.M. 2 Ginley, D.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Colorado School of Mines  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 7, p3831; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: TRANSPARENCY (Optics); Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646468
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12556202&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pizarro, Shelly A.
AU  - Visser, Hendrik
AU  - Cinco, Rochl M.
AU  - Robblee, John H.
AU  - Pal, Samudranil
AU  - Mukhopadhyay, Sumitra
AU  - Mok, Henry J.
AU  - Sauer, Kenneth
AU  - Wieghardt, Karl
AU  - Armstrong, William H.
AU  - Yachandra, Vittal K.
T1  - Chloride ligation in inorganic manganese model compounds relevant to Photosystem II studied using X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 255
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09498257
AB  - Chloride ions are essential for proper function of the photosynthetic oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of Photosystem II (PS II). Although proposed to be directly ligated to the Mn cluster of the OEC, the specific structural and mechanistic roles of chloride remain unresolved. This study utilizes X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to characterize the Mn-Cl interaction in inorganic compounds that contain structural motifs similar to those proposed for the OEC. Three sets of model compounds are examined; they possess core structures MnIV3O4X (X=Cl, F, or OH) that contain a di-μ-oxo and two mono-μ-oxo bridges or MnIV2O2X (X=Cl, F, OH, OAc) that contain a di-μ-oxo bridge. Each set of compounds is examined for changes in the XAS spectra that are attributable to the replacement of a terminal OH or F ligand, or bridging OAc ligand, by a terminal Cl ligand. The X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) shows changes in the spectra on replacement of OH, OAc, or F by Cl ligands that are indicative of the overall charge of the metal atom and are consistent with the electronegativity of the ligand atom. Fourier transforms (FTs) of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra reveal a feature that is present only in compounds where chloride is directly ligated to Mn. These FT features were simulated using various calculated Mn-X interactions (X=O, N, Cl, F), and the best fits were found when a Mn-Cl interaction at a 2.2-2.3 Å bond distance was included. There are very few high-valent Mn halidecomplexes that have been synthesized, and it is important to make such a comparative study of the XANES and EXAFS spectra because they have the potential for providing information about the possible presence or absence of halide ligation to the Mn cluster in PS II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - ELECTRONEGATIVITY
KW  - Photosystem II
N1  - Accession Number: 16566457; Pizarro, Shelly A. 1,2 Visser, Hendrik 1,2 Cinco, Rochl M. 1,2 Robblee, John H. 1,2 Pal, Samudranil 3 Mukhopadhyay, Sumitra 3 Mok, Henry J. 3 Sauer, Kenneth 1,2 Wieghardt, Karl 4 Armstrong, William H. 3 Yachandra, Vittal K. 1; Email Address: vkyachandra@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Melvin Calvin Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-5230, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-5230, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3860, USA  4: Max Planck Institut für Bioorganische Chemie, 45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 9 Issue 3, p247; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: ELECTRONEGATIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosystem II; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koffas, Telly S.
AU  - Amitay-Sadovsky, Ella
AU  - Kim, Jonyeong
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - Molecular composition and mechanical properties of biopolymer interfaces studied by sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Biomaterials Science -- Polymer Edition
JF  - Journal of Biomaterials Science -- Polymer Edition
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
EP  - 509
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09205063
AB  - Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been used to study the surface structure and surface mechanical behavior of biologicallyrelevant polymer systems. These techniques have emerged as powerful surface analytical tools to deduce structure/property relationships in situ, at both air/solid and air/liquid interfaces. SFG and AFM studies have been performed to understand how the surface properties of polymers are linked to polymer bulk compositions, changes in the ambient environment, or the degree of mechanical strain. Specifically, this review discusses (1) the macroscopic- and molecular-level tracking of small end groups attached to polyurethane blends, engineered to reduce blood clotting; (2) the role of ambient humidity on the surface mechanics of soft contact lenses possessing different water content in the bulk; (3) the affect of cyclic stretch on the molecular surface structure of polyurethane films, designed to mimic the mechanical deformation caused by heartbeat; and (4) the molecular ordering of functional groups at the polystyrene-protein interface. The correlation of spectroscopic and mechanical data by SFG and AFM is a powerful methodology to study and design materials with tailored surface properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biomaterials Science -- Polymer Edition is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY
KW  - CONTACT LENS
KW  - MOLECULAR ORDERING
KW  - POLYURETHANE
KW  - PROTEIN ADSORPTION
KW  - Sum frequency generation (SFG)
KW  - SUM FREQUENCY GENERATION SFG VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY
KW  - SURFACE MECHANICS
KW  - vibrational spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13029886; Koffas, Telly S. 1 Amitay-Sadovsky, Ella 1,2 Kim, Jonyeong 1 Somorjai, Gabor A. 1; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkdey.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p475; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: CONTACT LENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOLECULAR ORDERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: POLYURETHANE; Author-Supplied Keyword: PROTEIN ADSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sum frequency generation (SFG); Author-Supplied Keyword: SUM FREQUENCY GENERATION SFG VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: SURFACE MECHANICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: vibrational spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1163/156856204323005325
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Haichao
AU  - Iglesia, Enrique
T1  - Effects of support on bifunctional methanol oxidation pathways catalyzed by polyoxometallate Keggin clusters
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 223
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
SN  - 00219517
AB  - H5PV2Mo10O40 polyoxometallate Keggin clusters supported on ZrO2, TiO2, SiO2, and Al2O3 are effective catalysts for CH3OH oxidation reactions to form HCHO, methyl formate (MF), and dimethoxymethane (DMM). Rates and selectivities and the structure of supported clusters depend on the surface properties of the oxide supports. Raman spectroscopy showed that Keggin structures remained essentially intact on ZrO2, TiO2, and SiO2 after treatment in air at 553 K, but decomposed to MoO<f>x</f> and VO<f>x</f> oligomers on Al2O3. Accessible protons per Keggin unit (KU) were measured during CH3OH oxidation by titration with 2,6-di-tert-butyl pyridine. For similar KU surface densities (0.28–0.37 KU/nm2), the number of accessible protons was larger on SiO2 than on ZrO2 and TiO2 and much smaller on Al2O3 supports, even though residual dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis rates after titrant saturation indicated that the fractional dispersion of KU was similar on the first three supports. These effects of support on structure and on H+ accessibility reflect varying extents of interaction between polyoxometallate clusters and supports. Rates of CH3OH oxidative dehydrogenation per KU were higher on ZrO2 and TiO2 than on SiO2 at similar KU surface densities (0.28–0.37 KU/nm2) and dispersion, indicating that redox properties of Keggin clusters depend on the identity of the support used to disperse them. ZrO2 and TiO2 supports appear to enhance the reducibility of anchored polyoxometallate clusters. Rates were much lower on Al2O3, because structural degradation led to less reactive MoO<f>x</f> and VO<f>x</f> domains. CH3OH reactions involve primary oxidation to form HCHO and subsequent secondary reactions to form DMM and MF. These reactions involve HCHO–CH3OH acetalization steps leading to methoxymethanol (CH3OCH2OH) or hemiacetal intermediates, which condense with CH3OH on acid sites to form DMM or dehydrogenate to form MF. CO<f>x</f> formation rates are much lower than those of other reactions, and DME forms in parallel pathways catalyzed by acid sites. Secondary reactions leading to DMM and MF are strongly influenced by the chemical properties of support surfaces. Acidic SiO2 surfaces favored DMM formation, while amphoteric or dehydrogenating surfaces on ZrO2 and TiO2 led to MF formation, as a result of the varying role of each support in directing the reactions of HCHO and CH3OH and of the CH3OCH2OH intermediates toward DMM or MF, which was confirmed using physical catalyst–pure support mixtures. These support effects reflect the bifunctional pathways of CH3OH reactions. These pathways are consistent with the effects of residence time and of the partial removal of H+ sites by titration using 2,6-di-tert-butyl pyridine. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Keggin structures
KW  - Methanol oxidation
KW  - Methyl formate synthesis
KW  - Support effects
KW  - Zirconia
N1  - Accession Number: 12638857; Liu, Haichao 1 Iglesia, Enrique; Email Address: iglesia@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Chemical Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 223 Issue 1, p161; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Keggin structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methyl formate synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Support effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zirconia; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.01.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dabkowska, Iwona
AU  - Rak, Janusz
AU  - Gutowski, Maciej
AU  - Nilles, J. Michael
AU  - Stokes, Sarah T.
AU  - Bowen Jr., Kit H.
T1  - Barrier-free intermolecular proton transfer induced by excess electron attachment to the complex of alanine with uracil.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 6064
EP  - 6071
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The photoelectron spectrum of the uracil–alanine anionic complex (UA)[sup -] has been recorded with 2.540 eV photons. This spectrum reveals a broad feature with a maximum between 1.6 and 2.1 eV. The vertical electron detachment energy is too large to be attributed to an (UA)[sup -] anionic complex in which an intact uracil anion is solvated by alanine, or vice versa. The neutral and anionic complexes of uracil and alanine were studied at the B3LYP and second-order Møller–Plesset level of theory with 6-31++G** basis sets. The neutral complexes form cyclic hydrogen bonds and the three most stable neutral complexes are bound by 0.72, 0.61, and 0.57 eV. The electron hole in complexes of uracil with alanine is localized on uracil, but the formation of a complex with alanine strongly modulates the vertical ionization energy of uracil. The theoretical results indicate that the excess electron in (UA)[sup -] occupies a π* orbital localized on uracil. The excess electron attachment to the complex can induce a barrier-free proton transfer (BFPT) from the carboxylic group of alanine to the O8 atom of uracil. As a result, the four most stable structures of the uracil–alanine anionic complex can be characterized as a neutral radical of hydrogenated uracil solvated by a deprotonated alanine. Our current results for the anionic complex of uracil with alanine are similar to our previous results for the anion of uracil with glycine [Eur. Phys. J. D 20, 431 (2002)], and together they indicate that the BFPT process is not very sensitive to the nature of the amino acid’s hydrophobic residual group. The BFPT to the O8 atom of uracil may be relevant to the damage suffered by nucleic acid bases due to exposure to low energy electrons. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - ALANINE
KW  - URACIL
N1  - Accession Number: 12530435; Dabkowska, Iwona 1 Rak, Janusz 1 Gutowski, Maciej 2; Email Address: maciej.gutowski@pnl.gov Nilles, J. Michael 3 Stokes, Sarah T. 3 Bowen Jr., Kit H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland and Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  3: Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 13, p6064; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: ALANINE; Subject Term: URACIL; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1666042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrero, A.
AU  - López-Herrera, J.M.
AU  - Boucard, A.
AU  - Loscertales, I.G.
AU  - Márquez, M.
T1  - Steady cone-jet electrosprays in liquid insulator baths
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 272
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
SN  - 00219797
AB  - This study shows that conducting liquids can be electrosprayed in steady cone-jet mode inside liquid insulator baths. Experimental results show that the current emitted from the meniscus fits well the scaling laws given in the literature for electrosprays in air at atmospheric pressure or vacuum. The technique may be of interest in obtaining fine liquid–liquid emulsions of uniformly sized droplets in the nanometric range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - MENISCUS (Liquids)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 12311785; Barrero, A. 1,2; Email Address: barrero@eurus2.us.es López-Herrera, J.M. 1 Boucard, A. 1 Loscertales, I.G. 2,3 Márquez, M. 4,5,6; Affiliation:  1: Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain  2: YFLOW S.L., Camilo José Cela 6, 2, 2°B, 41018 Sevilla, Spain  3: Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Málaga, Plaza El Ejido s/n, 29013 Málaga, Spain  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Computational Chemistry Group, Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  6: Kraft Foods R&D, The Nanotechnology Laboratory, Glenview, IL 60025, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 272 Issue 1, p104; Subject Term: ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry; Subject Term: MENISCUS (Liquids); Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.10.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crivelli, Silvia
AU  - Kreylos, Oliver
AU  - Hamann, Bernd
AU  - Max, Nelson
AU  - Bethel, Wes
T1  - ProteinShop: A tool for interactive protein manipulation and steering.
JO  - Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design
JF  - Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
EP  - 285
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0920654X
AB  - We describe ProteinShop, a new visualization tool that streamlines and simplifies the process of determining optimal protein folds. ProteinShop may be used at different stages of a protein structure prediction process. First, it can create protein configurations containing secondary structures specified by the user. Second, it can interactively manipulate protein fragments to achieve desired folds by adjusting the dihedral angles of selected coil regions using an Inverse Kinematics method. Last, it serves as a visual framework to monitor and steer a protein structure prediction process that may be running on a remote machine. ProteinShop was used to create initial configurations for a protein structure prediction method developed by a team that competed in CASP5. ProteinShop's use accelerated the process of generating initial configurations, reducing the time required from days to hours. This paper describes the structure of ProteinShop and discusses its main features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERACTIVE multimedia
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - INTERACTIVE computer systems
KW  - MULTIMEDIA computer applications
KW  - MULTIMEDIA systems
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - interactive methods
KW  - inverse kinematics
KW  - molecular visualization
KW  - protein manipulation
N1  - Accession Number: 16398751; Crivelli, Silvia 1; Email Address: SNCrivelli@lbl.gov Kreylos, Oliver 2 Hamann, Bernd 2 Max, Nelson 2 Bethel, Wes 1; Affiliation:  1: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p271; Subject Term: INTERACTIVE multimedia; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: INTERACTIVE computer systems; Subject Term: MULTIMEDIA computer applications; Subject Term: MULTIMEDIA systems; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: interactive methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: inverse kinematics; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein manipulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1023/B:JCAM.0000046822.54719.4f
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wills, J.M.
AU  - Eriksson, O.
AU  - Delin, A.
AU  - Andersson, P.H.
AU  - Joyce, J.J.
AU  - Durakiewicz, T.
AU  - Butterfield, M.T.
AU  - Arko, A.J.
AU  - Moore, D.P.
AU  - Morales, L.A.
T1  - A novel electronic configuration of the 5f states in δ-plutonium as revealed by the photo-electron spectra
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 135
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 166
SN  - 03682048
AB  - We present a theoretical model, the mixed-level model, aiming at describing metals with very complex, strongly correlated, electronic structures. As a demonstration, it is applied to the electronic structure of δ-Pu. The model reproduces the electronic-structure related properties of this complex metal; in particular, the theory is capable of reproducing the valence band photoemission spectrum of δ-Pu. We also report new experimental photoemission spectra at several photon energies. Taken together, our results provide strong evidence that the electronic structure of δ-Pu involves a 5f shell with four electrons in a localized multiplet hybridizing with valence states, and approximately one 5f electron forming a completely delocalized band state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - 5f electrons
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Photoemission experiment
KW  - Theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13387984; Wills, J.M. 1 Eriksson, O. 1,2; Email Address: olle.eriksson@fysik.uu.se Delin, A. 3 Andersson, P.H. 4 Joyce, J.J. 5 Durakiewicz, T. 5 Butterfield, M.T. 5 Arko, A.J. 5 Moore, D.P. 6 Morales, L.A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, NM, USA  2: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box, Uppsala 530, Sweden  3: ICTP, Strada Costiera 11, 34100 Trieste, Italy  4: Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI), 17290 Stockholm, Sweden  5: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, NM, USA  6: Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 135 Issue 2/3, p163; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5f electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission experiment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.169
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tarver, Craig M.
T1  - Chemical Kinetic Modeling of HMX and TATB Laser Ignition Tests.
JO  - Journal of Energetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Energetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr-Jun2004
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 107
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07370652
AB  - Recent high-power laser deposition experiments on octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) produced ignition times from milliseconds to seconds. Global chemical kinetic thermal decomposition models for HMX and TATB developed to predict thermal explosion experiments lasting seconds to days are applied to these laser ignition experimental data. Excellent agreement was obtained for TATB, while the calculated ignition times were longer than experiment for HMX at lower laser fluxes. Inclusion of HMX melting and faster reaction for liquid HMX in the HMX decomposition model improved the agreement with experiment at lower laser energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Energetic Materials is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - HOT surface igniters
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - LIGHT amplifiers
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - decomposition
KW  - HMX
KW  - TATB
KW  - thermal
N1  - Accession Number: 14361030; Tarver, Craig M. 1; Email Address: tarver1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energetic Materials Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr-Jun2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p93; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: HOT surface igniters; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: LIGHT amplifiers; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: HMX; Author-Supplied Keyword: TATB; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huynh, My Hang V.
AU  - Hiskey, Michael A.
T1  - Preparation and Properties of 2,4,8,10-Tetranitro-5H-Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5][1,2,3] Triazolo[1,2–a]Benzotriazol-6-ium Inner Salt as a Thermally Stable High Explosive.
JO  - Journal of Energetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Energetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr-Jun2004
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 115
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07370652
AB  - The synthesis and explosive properties of 2,4,8,10-tetranitro-5H-pyrido[3′, 2′:4, 5] [1,2,3] triazolo [1,2-a] benzotriazol-6-ium inner salt (7) are given. This material is a very thermally stable high explosive that has a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) onset of 365°C with fast decomposition occurring at 375°C. The material is readily prepared in three steps from inexpensive starting materials. The final compound is insensitive to initiation by spark and friction and has a drop height of 59&ThickSpace;cm (Type 12, 2.5&ThickSpace;kg weight, HMX&ThickSpace;=&ThickSpace;23&ThickSpace;cm). In addition, it has a failure diameter of less than 3&ThickSpace;mm. A detonation velocity of 7.43&ThickSpace;km/s and detonation pressure of 294 kbar were determined on 0.5 inch pellets at a density of 1.78&ThickSpace;g/cm3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Energetic Materials is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - PROPELLANTS
KW  - ROCKETS (Aeronautics) -- Fuel
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - FUEL
KW  - properties
KW  - synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 14361028; Huynh, My Hang V. 1; Email Address: huynh@lanl.gov Hiskey, Michael A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Group DX-2, Materials Dynamics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr-Jun2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p109; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: PROPELLANTS; Subject Term: ROCKETS (Aeronautics) -- Fuel; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: FUEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - EVEKE, D. J. G
AU  - BRUNKHORST, C.
T1  - Inactivation of in Apple Juice by Radio Frequency Electric Fields.
JO  - Journal of Food Science
JF  - Journal of Food Science
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 69
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - FEP134
EP  - FEP0138
SN  - 00221147
AB  - Heat pasteurization may detrimentally affect the quality of fruit and vegetable juices; hence, non-thermal pasteurization methods are actively being developed. Radio frequency electric fields processing has recently been shown to inactivate yeast in water at near-ambient temperatures. The objective of this study was to extend the radio frequency electric fields (RFEF) technique to inactivate bacteria in apple juice. A converged-field treatment chamber was developed that enabled high-intensity RFEF to be applied to apple juice using a 4-kW power supply. Finite element analyses indicated that uniform fields were generated in the treatment chamber. Escherichia coli K12 in apple juice was exposed for 0.17 ms to electric field strengths of up to 26 kV/cm peak over a frequency range of 15 to 70 kHz. The population of E. coli was reduced by 1.8 log following exposure to an 18 kV/cm field at an outlet temperature of 50°C. Raising the temperature increased inactivation. Intensifying the electric field up to 16 kV/cm increased inactivation; however, above this intensity, inactivation remained constant. Radio frequencies of 15 and 20 kHz inactivated E. coli better than frequencies of 30 to 70 kHz. Inactivation was independent of the initial microbial concentration between 4.3 and 6.2 log colony-forming units (CFU)/mL. Applying 3 treatment stages at 50°C increased inactivation to 3 log. The electric energy for the RFEF process was 300 J/mL. The results of the present study provide the 1st evidence that RFEF processing inactivates bacteria in fruit juice at moderately low temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Food Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - FOOD pasteurization
KW  - WATER temperature
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
N1  - Accession Number: 63003909; EVEKE, D. J. G 1; Email Address: dgeveke@errc.ars.usda.gov BRUNKHORST, C. 1; Email Address: dgeveke@errc.ars.usda.gov; Affiliation:  1: Author Geveke is with U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Food Safety Intervention Technologies Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038. Author Brunkhorst is with Princeton Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, N. J. Direct inquiries to author Geveke (E-mail: ).; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 69 Issue 3, pFEP134; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: FOOD pasteurization; Subject Term: WATER temperature; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb13366.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernardin, John D.
AU  - Mudawar, Issam
T1  - A Leidenfrost Point Model for Impinging Droplets and Sprays.
JO  - Journal of Heat Transfer
JF  - Journal of Heat Transfer
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 126
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
EP  - 278
SN  - 00221481
AB  - This study presents, for impinging droplets and sprays, a model of the Leidenfrost point (LFP.); the minimum liquid/solid interface temperature required to support film boiling on a smooth surface. The present model is an extension of a previously developed sessile drop model, based on bubble nucleation, growth, and merging criteria, as well as surface cavity size characterization [3]. The basic concept of the model is that for liquid/solid interface temperatures at and above the LFP, a sufficient number of cavities are activated and the bubble growth rates are sufficiently fast that a continuous vapor layer is established nearly instantaneously between the liquid and the solid. For impinging droplets, the influence of the rise in interfacial pressure created by the impact of the droplet with the surface, must be accounted for in determining fluid properties at the liquid-solid interface. The effect of droplet impact velocity on the LFP predicted by the model is verified for single impinging droplets, streams of droplets, as well as sprays. While the model was developed for smooth surfaces on which the roughness asperities are of the same magnitude as the cavity radii (0.1-1.0 m), it is capable of predicting the boundary or limiting Leidenfrost temperature for rougher surfaces with good accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Heat Transfer is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILM boiling
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - SOLID-liquid interfaces
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - Boiling
KW  - Droplet
KW  - Heat Transfer
KW  - Impingement
KW  - Phase Change
KW  - Sprays
N1  - Accession Number: 13352773; Bernardin, John D. 1 Mudawar, Issam 2; Affiliation:  1: International, Space, and Response Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Boiling and Two-phase Flow Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 126 Issue 2, p272; Subject Term: FILM boiling; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: SOLID-liquid interfaces; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Droplet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat Transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impingement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase Change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sprays; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.111511.1652045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Min Yue
AU  - Lin, Henry
AU  - Dedrick, Daniel E.
AU  - Satyanarayana, Srinath
AU  - Majumdar, Arunava
AU  - Bedekar, Aditya S.
AU  - Jenkins, Jerry W.
AU  - Sundaram, Shivshankar
T1  - A 2-D Microcantilever Array for Multiplexed Biomolecular Analysis.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 290
EP  - 299
SN  - 10577157
AB  - An accurate, rapid, and quantitative method for analyzing variety of biomolecules, such as DNA and proteins, is necessary in many biomedical applications and could help address several scientific issues in molecular biology. Recent experiments have shown that when specific biological reactions occur on one surface of a microcantilever beam, the resulting changes in surface stress deflect the cantilever beam. To exploit this phenomenon for high-throughput label-free biomolecular analysis, we have developed a chip containing a two-dimensional (2-D) array of silicon nitride cantilevers with a thin gold coating on one surface. Integration of microfluid cells on the chip allows for individual functionalization of each cantilever of the array, which is designed to respond specifically to a target analyte. An optical system to readout deflections of multiple cantilevers was also developed. The cantilevers exhibited thermomechanical sensitivity with a standard deviation of seven percent, and were found to fall into two categories—those whose deflections tracked each other in response to external stimuli, and those whose did not due to drift. The best performance of two "tracking" cantilevers showed a maximum difference of 4 nm in their deflections. Although "nontracking" cantilevers exhibited large differences in their drift behavior, an upper bound of their time-dependent drift was determined, which could allow for rapid bioassays. Using the differential deflection signal between tracking cantilevers, immobilization of 25mer thiolated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) on gold surfaces produced repeatable deflections of 80 nm or so on 0.5-µm-thick and 200-µm-long cantilevers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication)
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - MEDICAL equipment
KW  - Lael-free
KW  - microcantilever array
KW  - multiplexed biosensing
N1  - Accession Number: 13001576; Min Yue 1; Email Address: majumdar@me.berkeley.edu Lin, Henry 2 Dedrick, Daniel E. 3 Satyanarayana, Srinath 1 Majumdar, Arunava 1 Bedekar, Aditya S. 4 Jenkins, Jerry W. 4 Sundaram, Shivshankar 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California  2: Department of Pathology, University of Southern California  3: Sandia National Laboratories  4: CFD Research Corporation; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p290; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: MULTIPLEXING (Telecommunication); Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: MEDICAL equipment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lael-free; Author-Supplied Keyword: microcantilever array; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiplexed biosensing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs, 10 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.823216
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matta, Alain
AU  - Knio, Omar M.
AU  - Ghanem, Roger G.
AU  - Chua-Hua Chen, Roger G.
AU  - Santiago, Juan G.
AU  - Debusschere, Bert
AU  - Najm, Habib N.
T1  - Computational Study of Band-Crossig Reactions.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 310
EP  - 322
SN  - 10577157
AB  - A numerical study of band-crossing reactions is conducted using a quasi-one-dimensional (1-D) computational model that accounts for species bulk advection, electromigration velocities, diffusion, and chemical reaction. The model is used to simulate chemical reactions between two initially distinct sample zones, referred to as "bands," that cross each other due to differences in electromigration velocities. The reaction is described in terms of a single step, reversible mechanism involving two reactants and one product. A parametric study is first conducted of the behavior of the species profiles, and results are interpreted in terms of the Damköhler number and of the ratios of the electromigration velocities of the reactant and product. Computed results are then used to explore the possibility of extracting forward and backward reaction rates based on time resolved observation of integral moments of species concentrations. In particular, it is shown that in the case of fast reactions, robust estimates can be obtained for high forward rates, but that small reverse rates may not be accurately observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - FLUIDICS
KW  - FLUIDIC devices
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - Binding kinetics
KW  - electrochemical processes
KW  - electropheretic band crossing
N1  - Accession Number: 13001578; Matta, Alain 1 Knio, Omar M. 1; Email Address: knio@jhu.edu Ghanem, Roger G. 1 Chua-Hua Chen, Roger G. 2 Santiago, Juan G. 2 Debusschere, Bert 3 Najm, Habib N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore  2: Stanford University Stanford  3: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p310; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: FLUIDICS; Subject Term: FLUIDIC devices; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Binding kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrochemical processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: electropheretic band crossing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 24 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.825315
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Yeon Soo
AU  - Hofman, G.L.
AU  - Hayes, S.L.
AU  - Sohn, Y.H.
T1  - Constituent redistribution in U–Pu–Zr fuel during irradiation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 327
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The thermo-migration fluxes of U, Pu and Zr in U–Pu–Zr metallic alloy fuel during irradiation in the Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II) were calculated using the constituent redistribution profiles measured in postirradiation examinations. Based on these fluxes, the diffusion coefficients, and the sums of heat of transport and enthalpy of solution for the γ, <f>γ+ζ</f> and <f>δ+ζ</f> phases in U–Pu–Zr were obtained. Using these data, the predicted concentration redistribution profiles are consistent with the measurements. The effect of minor actinide (Am and Np) addition was also examined. Am migration generally followed that of Zr with local precipitation, while Np behaved similarly to Pu. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels -- Breeding
KW  - BREEDER reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 12574801; Kim, Yeon Soo 1; Email Address: yskim@anl.gov Hofman, G.L. 1 Hayes, S.L. 2 Sohn, Y.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83403-2528, USA  3: University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, FL 32816-2455, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 327 Issue 1, p27; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels -- Breeding; Subject Term: BREEDER reactors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.01.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sunwoo, A.J.
AU  - Hiromoto, D.S.
T1  - Effects of natural aging on the tensile properties of water-quenched U–6%Nb alloy
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 327
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Uranium–6 wt% niobium (U–6%Nb) alloy has been in use for many years in the water-quenched (WQ) condition. The purpose of this work was to determine the effect of natural aging on tensile properties of the WQ U–6%Nb alloy. The materials studied were hemispherical shells after 15 and 20 years in storage. The alloy was successfully tested in the original curved configuration, using the specially designed tensile test apparatus. Finite element analysis confirmed the validity of the test method. The results of the tensile tests clearly indicated that in the WQ condition, the material is changing and after 15 and 20 years, the yield strength exceeds the original maximum allowable specification. The fracture mode transitions from highly ductile, microvoid coalescence in new material to a mixed mode of shallow dimples and inclusion-induced voids in the naturally aged material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - TRANSURANIUM elements
KW  - TRANSITION metals
N1  - Accession Number: 12574802; Sunwoo, A.J.; Email Address: sunwool@llnl.gov Hiromoto, D.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808 L-140, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 327 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: TRANSURANIUM elements; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.01.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keisham, Sarjit Singh
AU  - Mozharivskyj, Yurij A.
AU  - Carroll, Patrick J.
AU  - Kollipara, Mohan Rao
T1  - Syntheses and characterization of indenylruthenium(II) complexes containing <f>N,N′</f> donor Schiff base ligands. Molecular structures of [(<f>η5</f>-C9H7)Ru(PPh3)2(CH3CN)]BF4 and [(<f>η5</f>-C9H7)Ru(PPh3)(C5H4–N-2–CH&z.dbnd6;N–C6H4-<f>p</f>-CH3)]BF4
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 689
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1249
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - Reaction of the complex [(<f>η5</f>-C9H7)Ru(PPh3)2Cl] (1) with acetonitrile in the presence of NH4BF4 leads to formation of the complex [(<f>η5</f>-C9H7)Ru(PPh3)2(CH3CN)]BF4 (2). The complex (2) undergoes reactions with a series of <f>N,N′</f> donor Schiff bases, viz., para-substituted N-(pyrid-2-ylmethylene)-phenylamines (ppa) in methanol yielding indenyl ruthenium(II) Schiff base complexes of formulation [(<f>η5</f>-C9H7)Ru(PPh3)(C5H4N-2–CH&z.dbnd6;N–C6H4-<f>p</f>-X)]BF4 (3a–3e), where C9H7=indenyl, X=H (3a), Me (3b), OMe (3c), NO2 (3d), and Cl (3e), respectively. These complexes were fully characterized on the basis of elemental analyses and NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of the starting complex [(<f>η5</f>-C9H7)Ru(PPh3)2(CH3CN)]BF4 (2) and a representative complex [(<f>η5</f>-C9H7)Ru(PPh3)(C5H4N–CH&z.dbnd6;N–C6H4-<f>p</f>-CH3)]BF4 (3b) have been established by X-ray diffraction study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - SCHIFF bases
KW  - PYRIDINE
KW  - ACETONITRILE
KW  - Indenyl
KW  - Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Schiff bases
N1  - Accession Number: 12501964; Keisham, Sarjit Singh 1 Mozharivskyj, Yurij A. 2 Carroll, Patrick J. 3 Kollipara, Mohan Rao 1; Email Address: mrkollipara@yahoo.com; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Pensylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 689 Issue 7, p1249; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: SCHIFF bases; Subject Term: PYRIDINE; Subject Term: ACETONITRILE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indenyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schiff bases; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.01.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ciuparu
AU  - D.
AU  - Klie
AU  - R. F.
AU  - Zhu
AU  - Y.
AU  - Pfefferle
AU  - L.
T1  - Synthesis of Pure Boron Single-Wall Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 108
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3967
EP  - 3969
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report here the first synthesis of pure boron single-wall nanotubes by reaction of BCl3 with H2 over an Mg-MCM-41 catalyst with parallel, uniform diameter (36 ± 1 Å) cylindrical pores. The composition of the tubular structures observed in TEM was confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy, and the tubular geometry was confirmed by the presence of the characteristic spectral features in the Raman breathing mode region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BORON
KW  - NANOTUBES
N1  - Accession Number: 13129749; Ciuparu D. 1 Klie R. F. 1 Zhu Y. 1 Pfefferle L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, P.O. Box 208286, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, and Center for Functional Materials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 13, p3967; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - J. X.
AU  - Markovic
AU  - N. M.
AU  - Adzic
AU  - R. R.
T1  - Kinetic Analysis of Oxygen Reduction on Pt(111) in Acid Solutions:  Intrinsic Kinetic Parameters and Anion Adsorption Effects.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 108
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 4127
EP  - 4133
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics in acid solutions was studied by analysis of the polarization curves obtained by rotating disk electrode method for Pt(111) in HClO4 and H2SO4 solutions. The model for ORR kinetic currents assumes that the intrinsic exchange current and Tafel slope are independent of anion adsorption. The site blocking and electronic effects of adsorbed OH (in HClO4) and bisulfate (in H2SO4) were evaluated with the adsorption isotherms incorporated in the model. The best fits yielded the intrinsic Tafel slope in the range from -118 to -130 mV/dec, supporting single electron transfer in the rate-determining step with the corresponding transfer coefficients equal to 0.50 and 0.45, respectively. In addition to site blocking, a negative electronic effect on ORR kinetics was found for both OH and bisulfate with the effect of the latter being much stronger. The deviation of the apparent Tafel slope in HClO4 from its intrinsic value can be fully accounted for by the site blocking and electronic effects of adsorbed OH ions, which vary with coverage over the mixed kinetic-diffusion controlled region. For Pt nanoparticle catalysts, the apparent Tafel slope is similar to that for Pt(111) in HClO4 and the positive potential shift is mainly due to the increase in apparent exchange current as effective surface area increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - ADSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 13129776; Wang J. X. 1 Markovic N. M. 1 Adzic R. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 13, p4127; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G. L.
T1  - Plutonium disproportionation: Pitzer parameters or precipitates?
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 260
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 207
SN  - 02365731
AB  - The behavior of dissolved pentavalent plutonium in the presence of hydrous plutonium oxides has recently been described in terms of Pitzer parameters. The observations can be explained by a conventional approach. The alternative perspective does not use the irreversible oxygen/water couple and it is easier to understand than virial expansions and Pitzer coefficients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPLUTONIUM elements
KW  - HYDROPHILIDAE
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - PLUTONIUM oxides
KW  - WATER pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 15341746; Silver, G. L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS E500, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 260 Issue 1, p205; Subject Term: TRANSPLUTONIUM elements; Subject Term: HYDROPHILIDAE; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM oxides; Subject Term: WATER pollution; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Errandonea, D.
AU  - Manjón, F.J.
AU  - Somayazulu, M.
AU  - Häusermann, D.
T1  - Effects of pressure on the local atomic structure of CaWO4 and YLiF4: mechanism of the scheelite-to-wolframite and scheelite-to-fergusonite transitions
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 177
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1087
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The pressure response of the scheelite phase of CaWO4 (YLiF4) and the occurrence of the pressure-induced scheelite-to-wolframite (M-fergusonite) transition are reviewed and discussed. It is shown that the change of the axial parameters under compression is related to the different pressure dependences of the W–O (Li–F) and Ca–O (Y–F) interatomic bonds. Phase transition mechanisms for both compounds are proposed. Furthermore, a systematic study of the phase transition in 16 different scheelite ABX4 compounds indicates that the transition pressure increases as the packing ratio of the anionic BX4 units around the A cations increases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - FLUORIDES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - Fluorides
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Oxides
KW  - Phase transitions
N1  - Accession Number: 12577360; Errandonea, D. 1,2 Manjón, F.J. 3; Email Address: fjmanjon@fis.upv.es Somayazulu, M. 2 Häusermann, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universitat de València, Edificio de Investigación, c/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain  2: HPCAT, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Advanced Photon Source, Building 434E, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, Pl. Ferrandiz i Carbonell 2, 03801 Alcoy (Alicante), Spain; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 177 Issue 4/5, p1087; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: FLUORIDES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorides; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transitions; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2003.10.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaak, R.E.
AU  - Avdeev, M.
AU  - Lee, W.-L.
AU  - Lawes, G.
AU  - Zandbergen, H.W.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Ong, N.P.
AU  - Ramirez, A.P.
AU  - Cava, R.J.
T1  - Formation of transition metal boride and carbide perovskites related to superconducting MgCNi3
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 177
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1244
SN  - 00224596
AB  - A general study of the formation of intermetallic perovskite borides and carbides in the ternary systems AXM3 (A=Mg, Ca, Sc, Y, Lu, Zr, Nb; X=B, C; M=Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Pt) is reported. MgBxPd3, MgBxPt3, CaBxPd3, MgCxRh3, LuCxRh3, and ZrCxRh3 represent new intermetallic perovskites that form at a composition that is nominally stoichiometric (<f>x=1</f>). ScBxPd3, YBxPd3, and NbBxRh3 are new single-phase perovskites that form only at a substoichiometric (<f>x<1</f>) nominal composition. The variable boron content of ABxPd3 (A=Mg, Ca, Sc, Y) was studied using lattice parameter data from X-ray diffraction measurements. For A=Ca and Mg, the unit cell volume increases with increasing boron content for <f>0.25&les;x&les;1.0</f>, while boron uptake is limited to <f>0&les;x&les;0.5</f> for A=Sc and Y. Neutron diffraction studies indicate that CaBxPd3 is not actually stoichiometric at a nominal composition of <f>x=1</f>. Rather, saturation of the boron content occurs at CaB0.76Pd3. Evidence for superconductivity was found in samples of CaBxPd3 (<f>x&ges;1</f>) and NbBxRh3, but bulk analysis suggests that superconductivity may be attributed to minority phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Intermetallic perovskite
KW  - Intermetallic superconductor
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Substoichiometric compounds
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12577377; Schaak, R.E. 1; Email Address: schaak@mail.chem.tamu.edu Avdeev, M. 2 Lee, W.-L. 3 Lawes, G. 4 Zandbergen, H.W. 1,5 Jorgensen, J.D. 2 Ong, N.P. 3 Ramirez, A.P. 4 Cava, R.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  4: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Laboratory for Materials Science, National Centre for HREM, Delft University of Technology, Rotterdamseweg 137, 2628 AL Delft, The Netherlands; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 177 Issue 4/5, p1244; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substoichiometric compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2003.10.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bean, Amanda C.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E.
AU  - Runde, Wolfgang
T1  - Intercalation of KCl into layered neptunyl and plutonyl iodates
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 177
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1346
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The hydrothermal reaction of Np(IV) or Pu(IV) with KIO4 and CsCl at 180°C for 1 day results in the formation of NpO2(IO3)2·0.5KCl·3.25H2O (1) or PuO2(IO3)2·0.5KCl·2.5H2O (2). The neutral layers in compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural with NpO2(IO3)2·H2O and PuO2(IO3)2·H2O, respectively. The Np and Pu centers are found in distorted pentagonal bipyramidal [AnO7] environments that are formed from the ligation of NpO22+ or PuO22+ cations by iodate anions. There are two crystallographically unique pyramidal iodate anions in 1 and 2. One of these anions utilizes all three oxygen atoms to simultaneously bridge three neptunyl or plutonyl units. The second anion only bridges two actinyl units and has a terminal oxo atom. The bridging of the actinyl cations by iodate anions creates neutral <f>∞2[AnO2(IO3)3]</f> (An=Np, Pu) sheets that are separated by K+ cations, Cl− anions, and water molecules. Crystallographic data (203 K, MoKα, <f>λ=0.71073</f>): 1, monoclinic, space group <f>C2/c,a=21.537(5)</f> A˚, <f>b=11.670(3)</f> A˚, <f>c=7.315(2)</f> A˚, <f>β=93.033(4)°</f>, <f>Z=4</f>, <f>R(F)=5.43%</f> for 136 parameters with 1309 reflections with <f>I>2σ(I)</f>; 2, monoclinic, space group <f>C2/c</f>, <f>a=21.570(4)</f> A˚, <f>b=11.656(2)</f> A˚, <f>c=7.348(2)</f> A˚, <f>β=94.00(3)</f>, <f>Z=4</f>, <f>R(F)=4.92%</f> for 148 parameters with 1317 reflections with <f>I>2σ(I)</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HEAVY elements
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - Actinide
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Hydrothermal
KW  - Iodate
KW  - Plutonyl remarks
N1  - Accession Number: 12577390; Bean, Amanda C. 1; Email Address: bean@lanl.gov Scott, Brian L. 2 Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. 3 Runde, Wolfgang 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Materials Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663 MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 177 Issue 4/5, p1346; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HEAVY elements; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iodate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonyl remarks; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2003.11.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caspi, E.N.
AU  - Avdeev, M.
AU  - Short, S.
AU  - Jorgensen, J.D.
AU  - Dabrowski, B.
AU  - Chmaissem, O.
AU  - Mais, J.
AU  - Kolesnik, S.
T1  - Synthesis, structure, and properties of randomly mixed and layer-ordered SrMn1−xGaxO3−δ perovskites
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 177
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1456
SN  - 00224596
AB  - We report the synthesis of SrMn1−xGaxO3−δ perovskite compounds and describe the dependence of their phase stability and structural and physical properties over extended cation and oxygen composition ranges. Using special synthesis techniques, we have extended the solubility limit of Ga3+ in the cubic perovskite phase to <f>x&ap;0.33</f>. Higher Ga concentrations lead to mixed phases until a single-phase ordered double-perovskite structure is obtained at <f>x=0.5</f>, i.e., Sr2MnGaO6−δ. In the cubic perovskite phase the maximum oxygen content is <f>3−x/2</f>, which corresponds to 100% Mn4+. All maximally oxygenated solid solution compounds are found to order antiferromagnetically, with the transition temperature linearly decreasing as Ga content increases. Reducing the oxygen content introduces frustration into the magnetic system and a spin-glass state is observed for SrMn0.7Ga0.3O2.5 below 30 K. The brownmillerite phase at low oxygen content, Sr2MnGaO5, is found to have Icmm crystallographic symmetry. At 12 K its magnetic structure is found to order in the Icm′m′ magnetic symmetry corresponding to a G-type antiferromagnetic structure of Mn3+ ions. At higher oxygen content, Sr2MnGaO5.5 is found to have Cmmm crystallographic symmetry with disordered oxygen vacancies. At 12 K two competing long-range magnetic structures are found for the Mn4+ sublattice having CIm′m′m symmetry (G-type), and CPm′m′m symmetry (C-type), together with a G-type short-range magnetic correlations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNETIC structure
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Magnetic structure
KW  - Neutron powder diffraction
KW  - Perovskites
N1  - Accession Number: 12577408; Caspi, E.N. 1; Email Address: eladtally@bezeqint.net Avdeev, M. 1 Short, S. 1 Jorgensen, J.D. 1 Dabrowski, B. 2 Chmaissem, O. 2 Mais, J. 2 Kolesnik, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 177 Issue 4/5, p1456; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron powder diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskites; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2003.11.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Onofrio, Roberto
AU  - Presilla, Carlo
T1  - Ultracold Atomic Fermi–Bose Mixtures in Bichromatic Optical Dipole Traps: A Novel Route to Study Fermion Superfluidity.
JO  - Journal of Statistical Physics
JF  - Journal of Statistical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 115
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 89
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00224715
AB  - The study of low density, ultracold atomic Fermi gases is a promising avenue to understand fermion superfluidity from first principles. One technique currently used to bring Fermi gases in the degenerate regime is sympathetic cooling through a reservoir made of an ultracold Bose gas. We discuss a proposal for trapping and cooling of two-species Fermi–Bose mixtures into optical dipole traps made from combinations of laser beams having two different wavelengths. In these bichromatic traps it is possible, by a proper choice of the relative laser powers, to selectively trap the two species in such a way that fermions experience a stronger confinement than bosons. As a consequence, a deep Fermi degeneracy can be reached having at the same time a softer degenerate regime for the Bose gas. This leads to an increase in the sympathetic cooling efficiency and allows for higher precision thermometry of the Fermi–Bose mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Statistical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOSE-Einstein gas
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - COOLING
KW  - Bose and Fermi degenerate gases
KW  - Bose-Fermi mixtures
KW  - evaporative cooling
KW  - nonequilibrium statistical mechanics
KW  - superfluidity and superconductivity
KW  - sympathetic cooling
N1  - Accession Number: 16764601; Onofrio, Roberto 1; Email Address: roberto.onofrio@pd.infn.it Presilla, Carlo 2; Email Address: carlo.presilla@roma1.infn.it; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei,' Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, Padova 35131, Italy. Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Unità di Roma 1 and Center for Statistical Mechanics and Complexity, Roma 00185, Italy. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma 'La Sapienza,' Piazzale A. Moro 2, Roma 00185, Italy. Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Unità di Roma 1 and Center for Statistical Mechanics and Complexity, Roma 00185, Italy. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, Roma 00185, Italy.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 115 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: BOSE-Einstein gas; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: COOLING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bose and Fermi degenerate gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bose-Fermi mixtures; Author-Supplied Keyword: evaporative cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonequilibrium statistical mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: superfluidity and superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: sympathetic cooling; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Candy, James V.
AU  - Meyer, Alan W.
AU  - Poggio, Andrew J.
AU  - Guidry, Brian L.
T1  - Time-reversal processing for an acoustic communications experiment in a highly reverberant environment.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 115
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1621
EP  - 1631
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Time-reversal (T/R) communications is a new application area motivated by the recent advances in T/R theory. Although perceived by many in signal processing as simply an application of matched-filter theory, a T/R receiver offers an interesting solution to the communications problem for a reverberant channel. In this paper, the performance of various realizations of the T/R receiver for an acoustic communications experiment in air is described along with its associated processing. The experiment is developed to evaluate the performance of point-to-point T/R receivers designed to extract a transmitted information sequence propagating in a highly reverberant environment. It is demonstrated that T/R receivers are capable of extracting the transmitted coded sequence from noisy microphone sensor measurements with zero-symbol error. The processing required to validate these experimental results is discussed. These results are also compared with those produced by an equivalent linear equalizer or inverse filter, which provides the optimal solution when it incorporates all of the reverberations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIME reversal
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - RADIO transmitter-receivers
KW  - AUDIO communication
KW  - MICROPHONE
KW  - TRANSMISSION of sound
N1  - Accession Number: 20890881; Candy, James V. 1; Email Address: candy1@llnl.gov Meyer, Alan W. 1 Poggio, Andrew J. 1 Guidry, Brian L. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 115 Issue 4, p1621; Subject Term: TIME reversal; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Subject Term: RADIO transmitter-receivers; Subject Term: AUDIO communication; Subject Term: MICROPHONE; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION of sound; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334310 Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1646397
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murugaiah, A.
AU  - Souchet, A.
AU  - El-Raghy, T.
AU  - Radovic, M.
AU  - Sundberg, Mats
AU  - Barsoum, M. W.
T1  - Tape Casting, Pressureless Sintering, and Grain Growth in Ti3SiC2 Compacts.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 87
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 550
EP  - 556
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - In this work we demonstrate that fine Ti3SiC2 powders can be tape-cast and/or cold-pressed and pressureless-sintered in Ar- or Si-rich atmospheres to produce fully dense, oriented microstructures in which the basal planes are parallel to the surfaces. Carbon- and/or Si-rich environments suppress grain growth. In the case of the tape casting, the C-residue from binder burnout results in small core grains relative to the surface grains that can grow significantly. When sintering in high Si activities, titanium silicide phases form at the grain boundaries that slow grain growth. Annealing the latter in Ar at 1600°C, for extended periods (30 h), rids the samples of these grain-boundary phases, which in turn results in grain growth. The advantage of the latter process is that the final grain size distribution is more uniform from surface to bulk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLDING (Chemical technology)
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - METAL crystals -- Growth
KW  - CERAMIC powders
N1  - Accession Number: 12856490; Murugaiah, A. 1 Souchet, A. 1,2 El-Raghy, T. 3 Radovic, M. 1,4 Sundberg, Mats 2 Barsoum, M. W. 5; Affiliation:  1: Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania  2: Kanthal Ab, Hallstahammar SE-73472, Sweden  3: 3ONE2, LLC, Vorhees, New Jersey 08043  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  5: Ecole Centrale de Lyons, Ecully, France; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 87 Issue 4, p550; Subject Term: MOLDING (Chemical technology); Subject Term: SINTERING; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: METAL crystals -- Growth; Subject Term: CERAMIC powders; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saylor, David M.
AU  - El Dasher, Bassem
AU  - Tomoko Sano, Bassem
AU  - Rohrer, Gregory S.
T1  - Distribution of Grain Boundaries in SrTiO3 as a Function of Five Macroscopic Parameters.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 87
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 670
EP  - 676
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Measurements of the grain boundary population as a function of misorientation and boundary plane orientation show that the distribution is inversely correlated to the sum of the energies of the surfaces comprising each boundary. The observed correlation suggests that the difference between the energy of a high-angle grain boundary and the two component surfaces is relatively constant as a function of misorientation. Two exceptions to this correlation were identified: low-misorientation-angle boundaries and the coherent twin boundary, where the (111) planes in the adjoining crystals are parallel to each other, but rotated by 60° around the [111] axis. In these cases, the high degree of coincidence across this interface probably lowers the boundary energy with respect to that of the component surfaces. For all other boundaries, the anisotropy of the population is accurately predicted by the surface energy anisotropy, and in general, boundaries display a preference for {100} orientations, the planes of minimum surface energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRONTIUM compounds
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - METAL crystals -- Growth
N1  - Accession Number: 12857371; Saylor, David M. 1,2 El Dasher, Bassem 3,4 Tomoko Sano, Bassem 2,3 Rohrer, Gregory S. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland  2: Member, American Ceramic Society  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  4: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 87 Issue 4, p670; Subject Term: STRONTIUM compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: METAL crystals -- Growth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jang-Sik Lee, Mark I.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Jung-Ho Park
AU  - Seung-Ki Joo
AU  - Woo Seok Yang, Q. X.
AU  - Nam Kyeong Kim, Q. X.
AU  - Seung Jin Yeom, Q. X.
AU  - Jae Sung Roh
T1  - Effect of Low-Energy Accelerated Ion Bombardment on the Properties of Metal-Organic Decomposition Derived SrBi2(Ta, Nb)2O9 Thin Films Processed at Low Temperature.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 87
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 720
EP  - 723
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Ferroelectric SrBi2(Ta,Nb)2O9 (SBTN) thin films were deposited on Pt (200 nm)/TiOx (40 nm)/SiO2 (100 nm)/Si substrates by metal-organic decomposition. The effects of bombardment from accelerated argon and oxygen ions on the properties of SBTN thin films were investigated. It was found that the argon ion bombardment could decrease the crystallization temperature owing to the increase of internal energy of the films. Also, the oxygen vacancies at the interface between the SBTN film and platinum bottom electrode or at grain boundaries in the film were passivated through the oxygen ion treatment, resulting in the improved electrical properties. By optimizing the process parameters and using bombardment of accelerated argon and oxygen ions, SBTN films with good ferroelectric and electrical properties could be obtained, at a temperature as low as 650°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC thin films
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - ARGON
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12857733; Jang-Sik Lee, Mark I. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1 Jung-Ho Park 2 Seung-Ki Joo 2 Woo Seok Yang, Q. X. 3 Nam Kyeong Kim, Q. X. 3 Seung Jin Yeom, Q. X. 3 Jae Sung Roh 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea  3: Memory Research and Development Division, HYNIK Semiconductor, Inc., Korea; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 87 Issue 4, p720; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC thin films; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berg, Larry K.
AU  - Stull, Roland B.
T1  - Evolution of Analysis Error and Adjoint-Based Sensitivities: Implications for Adaptive Observations.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 61
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 795
EP  - 812
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - The structure and evolution of analysis error and adjoint-based sensitivities [potential enstrophy initial singular vectors (SVs) and gradient sensitivities of the forecast error to initial conditions] are compared following a cyclone development in a three-dimensional quasigeostrophic channel model. The results show that the projection of the evolved SV onto the forecast error increases during the evolution. Based on the similarities of the evolved SV to the forecast error, use of the evolved SV is suggested as an adaptive observation strategy. The use of the evolved SV strategy for adaptive observations is evaluated by performing observation system simulation experiments using a three-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme under the perfect model assumption. Adaptive strategies using the actual forecast error, gradient sensitivity, and initial SV are also tested. The observation system simulation experiments are implemented for five simulated synoptic cases with two different observation spacings and three different configurations of adaptive observation location densities (sparse, dense, and mixed), and the impact of the adaptive strategies is compared with that of the nonadaptive, fixed observations. The impact of adaptive strategies varies with the observation density. For a small number of observations, several of the adaptive strategies tested reduce forecast error more than the nonadaptive strategy. For a large number of observations, it is more difficult to reduce forecast errors using adaptive observations. The evolved SV strategy performs as well as or better than the adjoint-based strategies for both observation densities. The impact of using the evolved SVs rather than the adjoint-based sensitivities for adaptive observation purposes is larger in the situation of a large number of observation stations for which the forecast error reduction by adjoint- based adaptive strategies is difficult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry)
KW  - MILITARY strategy
KW  - CONFIGURATION space
N1  - Accession Number: 12728330; Berg, Larry K. 1; Email Address: Larry.Berg@pnl.gov Stull, Roland B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Atmospheric Science Programme, Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 61 Issue 7, p795; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry); Subject Term: MILITARY strategy; Subject Term: CONFIGURATION space; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antonov, V. N.
AU  - Harmon, B. N.
AU  - Andryushchenko, O. V.
AU  - Bekenev, L. V.
AU  - Yaresko, A. N.
T1  - Electronic structure and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism in uranium monochalcogenides.
JO  - Low Temperature Physics
JF  - Low Temperature Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
EP  - 316
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1063777X
AB  - The electronic structure and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra of US, USe, and UTe are investigated theoretically from first principles, using the fully relativistic Dirac LMTO band structure method. The electronic structure is obtained with the local spin-density approximation (LSDA), as well as with a generalization of the LSDA + U method which takes into account that in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, the occupation matrix of localized electrons becomes nondiagonal in the spin indices. The origin of the XMCD spectra in the compounds is examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Low Temperature Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12952484; Antonov, V. N. 1,2; Email Address: antonov@ameslab.gov Harmon, B. N. 1 Andryushchenko, O. V. 3 Bekenev, L. V. 3 Yaresko, A. N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Iowa 50011, USA  2: Institute of Metal Physics, 36, Vernadsky St., Kiev 03142, Ukraine  3: Institute of Metal Physics, 36 Vernadsky St., Kiev 03142, Ukraine  4: Max Planck Institute for Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden D-01187, Germany; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p305; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1704618
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peacock, A. D.
AU  - Chang, Y. -J.
AU  - Istok, J. D.
AU  - Krumholz, L.
AU  - Geyer, R.
AU  - Kinsall, B.
AU  - Watson, D.
AU  - Sublette, K. L.
AU  - White, D. C.
T1  - Utilization of Microbial Biofilms as Monitors of Bioremediation.
JO  - Microbial Ecology
JF  - Microbial Ecology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 284
EP  - 292
SN  - 00953628
AB  - A down-well aquifer microbial sampling system was developed using glass wool or Bio-Sep beads as a solid-phase support matrix. Here we describe the use of these devices to monitor the groundwater microbial community dynamics during field bioremediation experiments at the U.S. Department of Energy Natural and Accelerated Bioremediation Research Program's Field Research Center at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. During the 6-week deployment, microbial biofilms colonized glass wool and bead internal surfaces. Changes in viable biomass, community composition, metabolic status, and respiratory state were reflected in sampler composition, type of donor, and groundwater pH. Biofilms that formed on Bio-Sep beads had 2-13 times greater viable biomass; however, the bead communities were less metabolically active [higher cyclopropane/monoenoic phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) ratios] and had a lower aerobic respiratory state (lower total respiratory quinone/ PLFA ratio and ubiquinone/menaquinone ratio) than the biofilms formed on glass wool. Anaerobic growth in these systems was characterized by plasmalogen phospholipids and was greater in the wells that received electron donor additions. Partial 16S rDNA sequences indicated that Geobacter and nitrate-reducing organisms were induced by the acetate, ethanol, or glucose additions. DNA and lipid biomarkers were extracted and recovered without the complications that commonly plague sediment samples due to the presence of clay or dissolved organic matter. Although microbial community composition in the groundwater or adjacent sediments may differ from those formed on down-well biofilm samplers, the metabolic activity responses of the biofilms to modifications in groundwater geochemistry record the responses of the microbial community to biostimulation while providing integrative sampling and ease of recovery for biomarker analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbial Ecology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOFILMS
KW  - BIOREMEDIATION
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - CYCLOPROPANE
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPIDS
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 13794667; Peacock, A. D. 1; Email Address: apeacock@utk.edu Chang, Y. -J. 1 Istok, J. D. 2 Krumholz, L. 3 Geyer, R. 1 Kinsall, B. 4 Watson, D. 4 Sublette, K. L. 5 White, D. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Biomarker Analysis, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA  2: Department of Civil Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  3: Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73109, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  5: The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 47 Issue 3, p284; Subject Term: BIOFILMS; Subject Term: BIOREMEDIATION; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: CYCLOPROPANE; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPIDS; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00248-003-1024-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenik, Edward A.
AU  - Joy, David C.
AU  - Redfern, Del
T1  - Microcalorimeter Detectors and Low Voltage SEM Microanalysis.
JO  - Microchimica Acta
JF  - Microchimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 145
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
EP  - 85
SN  - 00263672
AB  - The development of the microcalorimeter energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (µ-cal EDS) offers a significant advancement in X-ray microanalysis, especially for electron beam instruments. The benefits are especially pronounced for low voltage (≤5 kV) X-ray microanalysis in the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) where the high energy resolution of the µ-cal EDS minimizes the peak overlaps among the myriad of K, L, M and N lines in the 0–5 keV energy range. The availability of L- and M-shell X-ray lines for microanalysis somewhat offsets the absence of X-ray lines traditionally used above 5 keV energy. The benefits and challenges of the µ-cal EDS will be discussed, including P/B ratio for characteristic X-rays, collection angle, count rate capability and the impact of polycapillary X-ray optics on microanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microchimica Acta is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - MICROCHEMISTRY
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - X-ray microanalysis
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry
KW  - Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry; microcalorimeter; low voltage X-ray microanalysis; scanning electron microscopy.
KW  - low voltage X-ray microanalysis
KW  - microcal-orimeter
KW  - scanning electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 16114903; Kenik, Edward A. 1; Email Address: kenikea@oml.gov Joy, David C. 1,2 Redfern, Del 3; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN 37831-6064, USA  2: Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 3 7996-0840, USA  3: EDAX Inc., Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 145 Issue 1-4, p81; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: MICROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopes; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: X-ray microanalysis; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry; microcalorimeter; low voltage X-ray microanalysis; scanning electron microscopy.; Author-Supplied Keyword: low voltage X-ray microanalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: microcal-orimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: scanning electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00604-003-0131-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16114903&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felix, J.A.
AU  - Schwank, J.R.
AU  - Cirba, C.R.
AU  - Schrimpf, R.D.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M.R.
AU  - Fleetwood, D.M.
AU  - Dodd, P.E.
T1  - Influence of total-dose radiation on the electrical characteristics of SOI MOSFETs
JO  - Microelectronic Engineering
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 332
SN  - 01679317
AB  - Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technologies have been developed for radiation-hardened applications for many years and are rapidly becoming a main-stream commercial technology. The total dose response of SOI devices is more complex than for bulk-silicon devices due to the buried oxide. Radiation-induced trapped charge in the buried oxide can increase the leakage current of partially-depleted transistors and decrease the threshold voltage and increase the leakage current of fully-depleted transistors. We review process and design techniques that have been developed to reduce the net amount of radiation-induced positive charge trapped in the buried oxide or to mitigate the effects of trapped charge in the buried oxide, respectively. We also compare the total dose response of devices operated in single-gate (SG) and double-gate (DG) mode as a function of silicon film thickness. DG-MOSFETs are systematically less sensitive to radiation-induced trapped charge and interface trap. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronic Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - Device simulation
KW  - Double-gate MOSFET
KW  - Fully-depleted transistor
KW  - Partially-depleted transistor
KW  - Radiation effects
KW  - Silicon-on-insulator
KW  - Total-dose ionizing radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 12642524; Felix, J.A. 1; Email Address: james.a.felix@vanderbilt.edu Schwank, J.R. 2 Cirba, C.R. 3 Schrimpf, R.D. 1 Shaneyfelt, M.R. 2 Fleetwood, D.M. 1 Dodd, P.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Radiation Effects, Reliability Group, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351825, Nashville, TN 37235-1825, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA  3: Texas Instruments, Dallas, TX 75243, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-4, p332; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Device simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-gate MOSFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fully-depleted transistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partially-depleted transistor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon-on-insulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Total-dose ionizing radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mee.2004.01.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwank, J.R.
AU  - Fleetwood, D.M.
AU  - Xiong, H.D.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M.R.
AU  - Draper, B.L.
T1  - Generation of metastable electron traps in the near interfacial region of SOI buried oxides by ion implantation and their effect on device properties
JO  - Microelectronic Engineering
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
SN  - 01679317
AB  - Implanting the buried oxide of silicon-on-insulator technologies can create electron traps throughout the buried oxide that can compensate the buildup of radiation-induced positive charge. These can be used as an effective method for total-dose hardening buried oxides in SOI devices. In this work, we show that implanting buried oxides can also create thermally activated metastable electron traps near the top Si/SiO2 border. These metastable electron traps can produce significant bias instabilities in the back-gate transistor characteristics and lead to threshold voltage instabilities in fully-depleted devices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronic Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - Buried oxides
KW  - Hardening
KW  - Radiation effects
KW  - Silicon on insulator
KW  - SOI
N1  - Accession Number: 12642529; Schwank, J.R. 1; Email Address: schwanjr@sandia.gov Fleetwood, D.M. 2 Xiong, H.D. 2 Shaneyfelt, M.R. 1 Draper, B.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS-1083, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1083, USA  2: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-4, p362; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buried oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon on insulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOI; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mee.2004.01.032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12642529&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felix, J.A.
AU  - Schwank, J.R.
AU  - Fleetwood, D.M.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M.R.
AU  - Gusev, E.P.
T1  - Effects of radiation and charge trapping on the reliability of high-<f>κ</f> gate dielectrics
JO  - Microelectronics Reliability
JF  - Microelectronics Reliability
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 44
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
SN  - 00262714
AB  - The radiation response and long term reliability of alternative gate dielectrics will play a critical role in determining the viability of these materials for use in future space applications. The total dose radiation responses of several near and long term alternative gate dielectrics to SiO2 are discussed. Radiation results are presented for nitrided oxides, which show no change in interface trap density with dose and oxide trapped charge densities comparable to ultra thin thermal oxides. For aluminum oxide and hafnium oxide gate dielectric stacks, the density of oxide trapped charge is shown to depend strongly on the film thickness and processing conditions. The alternative gate dielectrics discussed here are shown to have effective trapping efficiencies that are up to ∼15 to 20 times larger than thermal SiO2 of equivalent electrical thickness. A discussion of single event effects in devices and ICs is also provided. It is shown that some alternative gate dielectrics exhibit excellent tolerance to heavy ion induced gate dielectric breakdown. However, it is not yet known how irradiation with energetic particles will affect the long term reliability of MOS devices with high-<f>κ</f> gate dielectrics in a space environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronics Reliability is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - EXCITON theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12507586; Felix, J.A. 1; Email Address: james.a.felix@vanderbilt.edu Schwank, J.R. 2 Fleetwood, D.M. 1 Shaneyfelt, M.R. 2 Gusev, E.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, 351825 Station B, Nashville, TN 37235-1825, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1083, USA  3: IBM Semiconductor Research and Development Center, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 44 Issue 4, p563; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.microrel.2003.12.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12507586&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ericson, M.N.
AU  - Wilson, M.A.
AU  - Coté, G.L.
AU  - Baba, J.S.
AU  - Xu, W.
AU  - Bobrek, M.
AU  - Britton, C.L.
AU  - Hileman, M.S.
AU  - Moore, M.R.
AU  - Emery, M.S.
AU  - Lenarduzzi, R.
T1  - Implantable sensor for blood flow monitoring after transplant surgery.
JO  - Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies
JF  - Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 94
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13645706
AB  - A limited number of techniques are employed in clinical medicine for regional tissue perfusion assessment. These methods are marginally effective and are not well suited for implantation due to the inability to miniaturize the associated technologies. Consequently, no standardized techniques exist for real-time, continuous monitoring of organ perfusion following transplantation. In this paper, a brief overview of the relevant clinical techniques employed for regional tissue perfusion assessment is given with particular emphasis on post-surgical monitoring of transplanted organs. The ideal characteristics for a perfusion monitoring system are discussed and the development of a new, completely implanted local tissue monitoring system is summarized. In vivo and in vitro data are presented that establish the efficacy of this new technology, which is a photonics-based sensor system uniquely suited for continuous tissue monitoring and real-time data reporting. The suitablity of this sensor technology for miniaturization, which enables implantation for monitoring localized tissue perfusion, is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLOOD flow
KW  - TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.
KW  - SURGERY
KW  - CLINICAL medicine
KW  - TISSUES
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - data telemetry
KW  - data telemetry.
KW  - Implant sensor
KW  - optical sensing
KW  - organ transplant
KW  - perfusion
N1  - Accession Number: 12930651; Ericson, M.N. 1; Email Address: ericsonmn@ornl.gov Wilson, M.A. 2,3 Coté, G.L. 4 Baba, J.S. 1,4 Xu, W. 2 Bobrek, M. 1 Britton, C.L. 1 Hileman, M.S. 1 Moore, M.R. 1 Emery, M.S. 1 Lenarduzzi, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.  2: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.  3: Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.  4: Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p87; Subject Term: BLOOD flow; Subject Term: TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.; Subject Term: SURGERY; Subject Term: CLINICAL medicine; Subject Term: TISSUES; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: data telemetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: data telemetry.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implant sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: organ transplant; Author-Supplied Keyword: perfusion; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/13645700410027866
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brocksopp, C.
AU  - Puchnarewicz, E. M.
AU  - Mason, K. O.
AU  - Córdova, F. A.
AU  - Priedhorsky, W. C.
T1  - XMM–Newton spectroscopy of high-redshift quasars.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 349
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
EP  - 694
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present XMM–Newton X-ray spectra and optical photometry of four high-redshift quasars, [HB89] 0438−436, [HB89] 2000−330, [SP89] 1107+487 and RX J122135.6+280613; of these four objects, the first two are radio-loud and the last two are radio-quiet. Model fits require only a power law with Galactic absorption in each case; additional intrinsic absorption is also needed for [HB89] 0438−436 and RX J122135.6+280613. The spectra are hard ( for [HB89] 0438−436, [HB89] 2000−330 and ∼1.4 for RX J122135.6+280613), with the exception of [SP89] 1107+487, which is softer ; the combined Galactic and intrinsic absorption of lower-energy X-rays in the last of the sources is much less significant than in the other three. The two intrinsically unabsorbed sources have greater optical fluxes relative to the X-ray contributions at the observed energies. While there is no need to include reflection or iron line components in the models, our derived upper limits (99 per cent confidence) on these parameters are not stringent; the absence of these features, if confirmed, may be explained in terms of the high power-law contribution and/or a potentially lower albedo as a result of the low disc temperature. However, we note that the power-law spectrum can be produced via mechanisms other than the Comptonization of accretion disc emission by a corona; given that all four of these quasars are radio sources at some level, we should also consider the possibility that the X-ray emission originates, at least partially, in a jet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - RED shift
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - QUASARS
KW  - X-ray astronomy
KW  - ALBEDO
KW  - galaxies: high-redshift
KW  - galaxies: jets
KW  - quasars: general
KW  - x-rays: galaxies
N1  - Accession Number: 12627931; Brocksopp, C. 1; Email Address: cb4@mssl.ucl.ac.uk Puchnarewicz, E. M. 1 Mason, K. O. 1 Córdova, F. A. 2 Priedhorsky, W. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 349 Issue 2, p687; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: RED shift; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: QUASARS; Subject Term: X-ray astronomy; Subject Term: ALBEDO; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: high-redshift; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: jets; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasars: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: x-rays: galaxies; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07540.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu
AU  - N. G.
AU  - Dunphy
AU  - D. R.
AU  - Atanassov
AU  - P.
AU  - Bunge
AU  - S. D.
AU  - Chen
AU  - Z.
AU  - Lopez
AU  - G. P.
AU  - Boyle
AU  - T. J.
AU  - Brinker
AU  - C. J.
T1  - Photoregulation of Mass Transport through a Photoresponsive Azobenzene-Modified Nanoporous Membrane.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 551
EP  - 554
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Photoresponsive nanoporous membranes, composed of monosized pores modified with azobenzene ligands, were prepared on an ITO working electrode using an evaporation-induced self-assembly procedure. They exhibited the size-selective photoregulated mass transport of two ferrocene-based molecular probes through the membrane to the electrode surface as determined using a chronoamperometry technique. The measured oxidative current increased and decreased in response to alternating UV and visible light exposure correlating strongly with the photoisomerization state of the azobenzene ligands. This indicates that the optically switchable conformation (trans or cis) of azobenzene ligands controls the effective pore size and, correspondingly, transport behavior on the nanoscale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR probes
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
KW  - FERROCENE
KW  - METALLOCENES
N1  - Accession Number: 12868535; Liu N. G. 1 Dunphy D. R. 1 Atanassov P. 1 Bunge S. D. 1 Chen Z. 1 Lopez G. P. 1 Boyle T. J. 1 Brinker C. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Department and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1349, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p551; Subject Term: MOLECULAR probes; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; Subject Term: FERROCENE; Subject Term: METALLOCENES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalinin
AU  - S. V.
AU  - Bonnell
AU  - D. A.
T1  - Screening Phenomena on Oxide Surfaces and Its Implications for Local Electrostatic and Transport Measurements.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 555
EP  - 560
SN  - 15306984
AB  - The determination of local electrical, electrostatic, and transport properties of materials by ambient scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is shown to be strongly affected by the adsorption of charged species. Associated surface screening results in new phenomena including potential retention above the Curie temperature on ferroelectric surfaces and potential inversion on grain boundary-surface junctions. Implications of screening for a variety of SPMs including piezoresponse force microscopy and transport measurements in carbon nanotubes and molecular electronic devices are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CURIE temperature
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 12868536; Kalinin S. V. 1 Bonnell D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p555; Subject Term: CURIE temperature; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerion
AU  - D.
AU  - Zaitseva
AU  - N.
AU  - Saw
AU  - C.
AU  - Casula
AU  - M. F.
AU  - Fakra
AU  - S.
AU  - van Buuren
AU  - T.
AU  - Galli
AU  - G.
T1  - Solution Synthesis of Germanium Nanocrystals:  Success and Open Challenges.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 597
EP  - 602
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We present a two-step synthesis route that yields nanometer-size crystalline germanium in the form of a black powder. It relies on high temperature decomposition of tetraethylgermane (TEG) in organic solvents. The presence of pure germanium with diamond structure is unambiguously attested by powder XRD measurements. Low-resolution TEM indicates that the particles are between ~5 to 30 nm in size, depending on the synthesis conditions. The as-synthesized Ge powders can be stored in air for months and no oxidation occurs. The Ge powders are sparingly soluble in conventional solvents because Ge nanocrystals are likely embedded in a matrix composed mainly of C=C, C-C, and C-H bonds. The presence of residual organic byproducts impedes probing of the optical properties of the dots. Also, we discuss drawbacks and open challenges in high-temperature solution synthesis of Ge nanocrystals that could also be faced in the synthesis of Si nanocrystals. Overall, our results call for a cautious interpretation of reported optical properties of Ge and Si nanocrystals obtained by high-temperature solution methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR -- Optical properties
KW  - NONAQUEOUS solvents
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12868545; Gerion D. 1 Zaitseva N. 1 Saw C. 1 Casula M. F. 1 Fakra S. 1 van Buuren T. 1 Galli G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Advanced Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita di Cagliari, Italy, and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p597; Subject Term: AIR -- Optical properties; Subject Term: NONAQUEOUS solvents; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee
AU  - Y.
AU  - Martin
AU  - C. D.
AU  - Parise
AU  - J. B.
AU  - Hriljac
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Vogt
AU  - T.
T1  - Formation and Manipulation of Confined Water Wires.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 619
EP  - 621
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Pressure-induced hydration (PIH) in the zeolite natrolite leads to well-ordered one-dimensional “water wires” and “water tubes”. These structures provide urgently needed points of reference for molecular dynamics simulations and serve as models of transient and disordered biological nanowater. We show here that applying simultaneous pressure and temperature using a hydrothermal diamond anvil cell permits the intermolecular manipulation of water wires due to changes in the geometry of the host scaffolding and the enclosed hydrogen bonded water. During this process the ordered water wires formed under pressure change their direction depending on the temperature. This provides the opportunity to study the dynamics of confined water at the nanoscale by temperature and/or pressure-jump experiments. Our studies indicate that confined water responds differently to pressure and temperature than does bulk water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 12868549; Lee Y. 1 Martin C. D. 1 Parise J. B. 1 Hriljac J. A. 1 Vogt T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, Geosciences Department, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK, and Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p619; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Voulgarakis
AU  - N. K.
AU  - Kalosakas
AU  - G.
AU  - Rasmussen
AU  - K. O.
AU  - Bishop
AU  - A. R.
T1  - Temperature-Dependent Signatures of Coherent Vibrational Openings in DNA.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 629
EP  - 632
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We report numerical simulations of the contribution of the transverse hydrogen bond stretching vibrations in the dynamic structure factor of a DNA sequence. We apply a simple nonlinear dynamical model to a finite segment of the bacteriophage T7 core promoter DNA. The temperature dependence of the dynamic structure factor is investigated. A distinct feature is identified and attributed to coherent localized thermal openings (hot-spots) due to nonlinearity combined with sequence specificity. We present the variation of the position and the width of the corresponding dynamic structure factor feature with temperature. Finally, a strong deviation of the Debye-Waller factor from the usual harmonic form is evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12868551; Voulgarakis N. K. 1 Kalosakas G. 1 Rasmussen K. O. 1 Bishop A. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Department of Physics, University of Crete and Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, P.O. Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p629; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu
AU  - J.
AU  - Han
AU  - W.-Q.
AU  - Walukiewicz
AU  - W.
AU  - Ager
AU  - J. W.
AU  - Shan
AU  - Haller
AU  - E. E.
AU  - Zettl
AU  - A.
T1  - Raman Spectroscopy and Time-Resolved Photoluminescence of BN and BxCyNz Nanotubes.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 647
EP  - 650
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We report Raman and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopic studies of multiwalled BN and BxCyNz nanotubes. The Raman spectroscopy shows that the as-grown BxCyNz nanotubes are radially phase separated into BN shells and carbon shells. The photoluminescence decay process is characterized by two time constants that are attributed to intra- and inter-BN sheet charge recombination, respectively. A comparison of the photoluminescence of BN nanotubes to that of hexagonal BN is consistent with the existence of a spatially indirect band gap in multiwalled BN nanotubes as predicted by theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12868555; Wu J. 1 Han W.-Q. 1 Walukiewicz W. 1 Ager J. W. Shan Haller E. E. 1 Zettl A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p647; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grimwood, Jane
AU  - Gordon, Laurie A.
AU  - Olsen, Anne
AU  - Terry, Astrid
AU  - Schmutz, Jeremy
AU  - Lamerdin, Jane
AU  - Hellsten, Uffe
AU  - Goodstein, David
AU  - Couronne, Olivier
AU  - Tran-Gyamfi, Mary
AU  - Aerts, Andrea
AU  - Altherr, Michael
AU  - Ashworth, Linda
AU  - Bajorek, Eva
AU  - Black, Stacey
AU  - Branscomb, Elbert
AU  - Caenepeel, Sean
AU  - Carrano, Anthony
AU  - Caoile, Chenier
AU  - Chan, Yee Man
T1  - The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 428
IS  - 6982
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
EP  - 535
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Chromosome 19 has the highest gene density of all human chromosomes, more than double the genome-wide average. The large clustered gene families, corresponding high G + C content, CpG islands and density of repetitive DNA indicate a chromosome rich in biological and evolutionary significance. Here we describe 55.8 million base pairs of highly accurate finished sequence representing 99.9% of the euchromatin portion of the chromosome. Manual curation of gene loci reveals 1,461 protein-coding genes and 321 pseudogenes. Among these are genes directly implicated in mendelian disorders, including familial hypercholesterolaemia and insulin-resistant diabetes. Nearly one-quarter of these genes belong to tandemly arranged families, encompassing more than 25% of the chromosome. Comparative analyses show a fascinating picture of conservation and divergence, revealing large blocks of gene orthology with rodents, scattered regions with more recent gene family expansions and deletions, and segments of coding and non-coding conservation with the distant fish species Takifugu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - HUMAN biology
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - HYPERCHOLESTEREMIA
KW  - GENES
KW  - RODENTS
N1  - Accession Number: 12728776; Grimwood, Jane 1 Gordon, Laurie A. 2,3 Olsen, Anne 2,3 Terry, Astrid 2 Schmutz, Jeremy 1 Lamerdin, Jane 2,3 Hellsten, Uffe 2 Goodstein, David 2 Couronne, Olivier 2 Tran-Gyamfi, Mary 2,3 Aerts, Andrea 2 Altherr, Michael 2,4 Ashworth, Linda 2,3 Bajorek, Eva 1 Black, Stacey 1 Branscomb, Elbert 2,3 Caenepeel, Sean 2 Carrano, Anthony 2,3 Caoile, Chenier 1 Chan, Yee Man 1; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Human Genome Center, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 975 California Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.  2: DOE's Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Avenue, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA.  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6982, p529; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: HUMAN biology; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: HYPERCHOLESTEREMIA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: RODENTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02399
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eklmov, E. A.
AU  - Sldorov, V. A.
AU  - Bauer, E. O.
AU  - Mei'nik, N. N.
AU  - Curro, N. J.
AU  - Thompson, J. O.
AU  - Stishov, S. M.
T1  - Superconductivity in diamond.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 428
IS  - 6982
M3  - Article
SP  - 542
EP  - 545
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Diamond is an electrical insulator well known for its exceptional hardness. It also conducts heat even more effectively than copper, and can withstand very high electric fields. With these physical properties, diamond is attractive for electronic applications, particularly when charge carriers are introduced (by chemical doping) into the system. Boron has one less electron than carbon and, because of its small atomic radius, boron is relatively easily incorporated into diamond; as boron acts as a charge acceptor, the resulting diamond is effectively hole-doped. Here we report the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure (nearly 100,000 atmospheres) and temperature (2,500-2,800?K). Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and field-dependent resistance measurements show that boron-doped diamond is a bulk, type-II superconductor below the superconducting transition temperature Tc ˜ 4?K; superconductivity survives in a magnetic field up to Hc2(0) = 3.5?T. The discovery of superconductivity in diamond-structured carbon suggests that Si and Ge, which also form in the diamond structure, may similarly exhibit superconductivity under the appropriate conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - BORON
N1  - Accession Number: 12728766; Eklmov, E. A. 1 Sldorov, V. A. 1 Bauer, E. O. 2 Mei'nik, N. N. 3 Curro, N. J. 2 Thompson, J. O. 2 Stishov, S. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142190 Troitsk, Moscow region, Russia.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Ala mos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  3: Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117924 Moscow, Russia.; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6982, p542; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: BORON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02449
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chandler, Darrell P.
T1  - Unshackling expression profiling arrays.
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
JF  - Nature Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
EP  - 397
SN  - 10870156
AB  - Focuses on a microtiter plate and a hexamer oligonucleotide chip decouple microarrays from specific biological systems.  Use of microarray platform for gene expression analysis; Lack of use of generic n-mer arrays due to inaccurate or unrealistic assumptions; Application of the generic method in global transcriptional profiling and in detection of a foreign transcript in engineered yeast; Need for global analysis methods to monitor the unintended biological perturbations.
KW  - Biological systems
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - Oligonucleotides
KW  - Yeast
KW  - Gene expression
N1  - Accession Number: 12728849; Chandler, Darrell P. 1; Email Address: dcnadler@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biochip Technology Center, Argonne National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p396; Thesaurus Term: Biological systems; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: Oligonucleotides; Subject Term: Yeast; Subject Term: Gene expression; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nbt0404-396
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Conery, Andrew R.
AU  - Cao, Yanna
AU  - Thompson, E. Aubrey
AU  - Townsend Jr, Courtney M.
AU  - Ko, Tien C.
AU  - Luo, Kunxin
T1  - Akt interacts directly with Smad3 to regulate the sensitivity to TGF-ß-induced apoptosis.
JO  - Nature Cell Biology
JF  - Nature Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 366
EP  - 372
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 14657392
AB  - Transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) induces both apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in some cell lines, but only growth arrest in others. It is not clear how this differential response to TGF-ß is specified. Smad proteins are critical mediators of TGF-ß signalling. After stimulation by TGF-ß, Smad2 and Smad3 become phosphorylated by the activated TGF-ß receptor kinases, oligomerize with Smad4, translocate to the nucleus and regulate the expression of TGF-ß target genes. Here we report that the sensitivity to TGF-ß-induced apoptosis is regulated by crosstalk between the Akt/PKB serine/threonine kinase and Smad3 through a mechanism that is independent of Akt kinase activity. Akt interacts directly with unphosphorylated Smad3 to sequester it outside the nucleus, preventing its phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. This results in inhibition of Smad3-mediated transcription and apoptosis. Furthermore, the ratio of Smad3 to Akt correlates with the sensitivity of cells to TGF-ß-induced apoptosis. Alteration of this ratio changes the apoptotic, but not the growth-inhibitory, responses of cells to TGF-ß. These findings identify an important determinant of sensitivity to TGF-ß-induced apoptosis that involves crosstalk between the TGF-ß and phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K) pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Cell Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL death
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - SERINE
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - CELL cycle
N1  - Accession Number: 12728593; Conery, Andrew R. 1 Cao, Yanna 2 Thompson, E. Aubrey 3 Townsend Jr, Courtney M. 2 Ko, Tien C. 2,4; Email Address: tko@utmb.edu Luo, Kunxin 1; Email Address: kluo@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, and Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA94720, USA.  2: Department of Surgery Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.  3: Mayo Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.  4: Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics and Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology,The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p366; Subject Term: CELL death; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: SERINE; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1038/ncb1117
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulavin, Dmitry V.
AU  - Phillips, Crissy
AU  - Nannenga, Bonnie
AU  - Timofeev, Oleg
AU  - Donehower, Larry A.
AU  - Anderson, Carl W.
AU  - Appella, Ettore
AU  - Fornace Jr., Albert J.
T1  - Inactivation of the Wip1 phosphatase inhibits mammary tumorigenesis through p38 MAPK-mediated activation of the p16Ink4a-p19Arf pathway.
JO  - Nature Genetics
JF  - Nature Genetics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 350
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 10614036
AB  - Modulation of tumor suppressor activities may provide new opportunities for cancer therapy. Here we show that disruption of the gene Ppm1d encoding Wip1 phosphatase activated the p53 and p16 (also called Ink4a)-p19 (also called ARF) pathways through p38 MAPK signaling and suppressed in vitro transformation of mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) by oncogenes. Disruption of the gene Cdkn2a (encoding p16 and p19), but not of Trp53 (encoding p53), reconstituted cell transformation in Ppm1d-null MEFs. In vivo, deletion of Ppm1d in mice bearing mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter-driven oncogenes Erbb2 (also called c-neu) or Hras1 impaired mammary carcinogenesis, whereas reduced expression of p16 and p19 by methylation-induced silencing or inactivation of p38 MAPK correlated with tumor appearance. We conclude that inactivation or depletion of the Wip1 phosphatase with resultant p38 MAPK activation suppresses tumor appearance by modulating the Cdkn2a tumor-suppressor locus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Genetics is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUMOR suppressor proteins
KW  - P53 protein
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - MICE as laboratory animals
KW  - MOUSE mammary tumor virus
KW  - RETROVIRUSES
KW  - ONCOGENES
N1  - Accession Number: 12674202; Bulavin, Dmitry V. 1; Email Address: bulavin@nih.gov Phillips, Crissy 1 Nannenga, Bonnie 2 Timofeev, Oleg 1 Donehower, Larry A. 2,3 Anderson, Carl W. 4 Appella, Ettore 5 Fornace Jr., Albert J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Gene Response Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.  2: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.  3: Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.  4: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.  5: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p343; Subject Term: TUMOR suppressor proteins; Subject Term: P53 protein; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Subject Term: MICE as laboratory animals; Subject Term: MOUSE mammary tumor virus; Subject Term: RETROVIRUSES; Subject Term: ONCOGENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 4 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/ng1317
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terwilliger, Thomas C.
T1  - Structures and technology for biologists.
JO  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
JF  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
EP  - 297
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 15459993
AB  - Structural genomics efforts are already producing a quarter of all 'new' macromolecular structures (<30% sequence identity to previously solved structures) and are stimulating development of systematic and automated approaches to structure determination. The thousands of new structures likely to be determined and the technologies and infrastructure likely to be developed over the next decade will benefit all biologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Structural & Molecular Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC research
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 12650058; Terwilliger, Thomas C. 1; Email Address: terwilliger@LANL.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p296; Subject Term: GENETIC research; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nsmb0404-296
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maltz, Jonathan S.
AU  - Eberling, Jamie L.
AU  - Jagust, William J.
AU  - Budinger, Thomas F.
T1  - Enhanced cutaneous vascular response in AD subjects under donepezil therapy
JO  - Neurobiology of Aging
JF  - Neurobiology of Aging
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
SN  - 01974580
AB  - Objective: Abnormal cutaneous vasodilatory responses to the iontophoresis of vasodilators were previously observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We sought to replicate these observations and further identify peripheral vascular components of AD pathology.Methods: Methacholine chloride (MCh), acetylcholine chloride (ACh), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were applied iontophoretically to forearm skin. Laser Doppler imaging of treated areas yielded total perfusion response values.Results: Response to MCh was enhanced 78% (<F>P=0.003</F>) in AD subjects under therapy with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) donepezil (<F>N=9</F>), relative to age- and sex-matched controls (<F>N=12</F>). Significant increases in perfusion were also observed after application of ACh (68%, <F>P=0.03</F>) and SNP (46%, <F>P=0.04</F>).Conclusions: A previous study reported attenuated response to ACh in AD. Paradoxically, we observed a substantially enhanced response that is likely a consequence of donepezil therapy. The increased response to the endothelium-independent vasodilator SNP indicates improved general vasodilatory response, perhaps due to preservation of endogenous ACh by donepezil. Cerebral perfusion in response to functional activation may be improved in this way, suggesting a secondary therapeutic mode of donepezil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neurobiology of Aging is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALZHEIMER'S disease
KW  - PERFUSION (Physiology)
KW  - LASER Doppler blood flowmetry
KW  - ACETYLCHOLINE
KW  - ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE
KW  - Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
KW  - Alzheimer’s disease
KW  - Cutaneous perfusion
KW  - Donepezil
KW  - Iontophoresis
KW  - Laser Doppler imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 12435888; Maltz, Jonathan S. 1; Email Address: jsmaltz@lbl.gov Eberling, Jamie L. 1,2 Jagust, William J. 2 Budinger, Thomas F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Ernest O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p475; Subject Term: ALZHEIMER'S disease; Subject Term: PERFUSION (Physiology); Subject Term: LASER Doppler blood flowmetry; Subject Term: ACETYLCHOLINE; Subject Term: ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alzheimer’s disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cutaneous perfusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Donepezil; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iontophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser Doppler imaging; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0197-4580(03)00124-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12435888&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Telang, Frank
AU  - Jayne, Millard
AU  - Ma, Jim
AU  - Rao, Manlong
AU  - Zhu, Wei
AU  - Wong, Christopher T.
AU  - Pappas, Naomi R.
AU  - Geliebter, Allan
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
T1  - Exposure to appetitive food stimuli markedly activates the human brain
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1790
SN  - 10538119
AB  - Objective: The increased incidence of obesity most likely reflects changes in the environment that had made food more available and palatable. Here we assess the response of the human brain to the presentation of appetitive food stimuli during food presentation using PET and FDG. Method: Metabolic changes in response to food presentation were done in 12 healthy normal body weight subjects who were food deprived before the study. Results: Food presentation significantly increased metabolism in the whole brain (24%, P < 0.01) and these changes were largest in superior temporal, anterior insula, and orbitofrontal cortices. The increases in the right orbitofrontal cortex were the ones that correlated significantly with the increases in self-reports of hunger and desire for food. Discussion: The marked increase in brain metabolism by the presentation of food provides evidence of the high sensitivity of the human brain to food stimuli. This high sensitivity coupled with the ubiquitousness of food stimuli in the environment is likely to contribute to the epidemic of obesity. In particular, the activation of the right orbitofrontal cortex, a brain region involved with drive, may underlie the motivation to procure food, which may be subjectively experienced as “desire for food” and “hunger” when exposed to food stimuli. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOOD
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - MOTIVATION (Psychology)
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - FDG
KW  - Food
KW  - Insula
KW  - Motivation
KW  - Orbitofrontal cortex
KW  - PET
N1  - Accession Number: 12639116; Wang, Gene-Jack 1; Email Address: gjwang@bnl.gov Volkow, Nora D. 1 Telang, Frank 1 Jayne, Millard 1 Ma, Jim 1 Rao, Manlong 2 Zhu, Wei 2 Wong, Christopher T. 1 Pappas, Naomi R. 1 Geliebter, Allan 3 Fowler, Joanna S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, S.U.N.Y., Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  3: St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY 10025, USA  4: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p1790; Subject Term: FOOD; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: MOTIVATION (Psychology); Subject Term: METABOLISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: FDG; Author-Supplied Keyword: Food; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insula; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motivation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orbitofrontal cortex; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.11.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lamb, D.Q.
AU  - Ricker, G.R.
AU  - Atteia, J.-L.
AU  - Barraud, C.
AU  - Boer, M.
AU  - Braga, J.
AU  - Butler, N.
AU  - Cline, T.
AU  - Crew, G.B.
AU  - Dezalay, J.-P.
AU  - Donaghy, T.Q.
AU  - Doty, J.P.
AU  - Dullighan, A.
AU  - Fenimore, E.E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - Graziani, C.
AU  - Hurley, K.
AU  - Jernigan, J.G.
AU  - Kawai, N.
AU  - Levine, A.
T1  - Scientific highlights of the HETE-2 mission
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 48
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 423
SN  - 13876473
AB  - The High Energy Explorer Satellite 2 (HETE-2) mission has been highly productive. It has observed more than 250 γ-ray bursts (GRBs) so far. It is currently localizing 25–30 GRBs per year, and has localized 43 GRBs to date. Twenty-one of these localizations have led to the detection of X-ray, optical, or radio afterglows, and as of now, 11 of the bursts with afterglows have redshift determinations. HETE-2 has also observed more than 45 bursts from soft γ-ray repeaters, and more than 700 X-ray bursts.HETE-2 has confirmed the connection between GRBs and Type Ic supernovae, a singular achievement and certainly one of the scientific highlights of the mission so far. It has provided evidence that the isotropic-equivalent energies and luminosities of GRBs may be correlated with redshift; such a correlation would imply that GRBs and their progenitors evolve strongly with redshift. Both of these results have profound implications for the nature of GRB progenitors and for the use of GRBs as a probe of cosmology and the early universe.HETE-2 has placed severe constraints on any X-ray or optical afterglow of a short GRB. It has made it possible to explore the previously unknown behavior of optical afterglows at very early times, and has opened up the era of high-resolution spectroscopy of GRB optical afterglows. It is also solving the mystery of “optically dark” GRBs, and revealing the nature of X-ray flashes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - COSMOLOGICAL distances
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - γ-rays: γ-ray bursts – supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12576789; Lamb, D.Q. 1; Email Address: lamb@oddjob.uchicago.edu Ricker, G.R. 2 Atteia, J.-L. 3 Barraud, C. 3 Boer, M. 3 Braga, J. 4 Butler, N. 2 Cline, T. 5 Crew, G.B. 2 Dezalay, J.-P. 3 Donaghy, T.Q. 1 Doty, J.P. 2 Dullighan, A. 2 Fenimore, E.E. 6 Galassi, M. 6 Graziani, C. 1 Hurley, K. 7 Jernigan, J.G. 7 Kawai, N. 8 Levine, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  2: MIT Center for Space Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  3: Centre D’Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, France  4: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Brazil  5: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  7: UC Berkeley, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  8: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 48 Issue 5/6, p423; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: COSMOLOGICAL distances; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-rays: γ-ray bursts – supernovae; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.12.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrens, J.
AU  - Bahcall, J.N.
AU  - Bai, X.
AU  - Bay, R.C.
AU  - Becka, T.
AU  - Becker, K.-H.
AU  - Berley, D.
AU  - Bernardini, E.
AU  - Bertrand, D.
AU  - Besson, D.Z.
AU  - Blaufuss, E.
AU  - Boersma, D.J.
AU  - Böser, S.
AU  - Bohm, C.
AU  - Botner, O.
AU  - Bouchta, A.
AU  - Bouhali, O.
AU  - Burgess, T.
AU  - Carithers, W.
AU  - Castermans, T.
T1  - Status of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 48
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 519
SN  - 13876473
AB  - The IceCube neutrino telescope, to be constructed near the Antarctic South Pole, represents the next generation of neutrino telescope. Its large 1 km3 size will make it uniquely sensitive to the detection of neutrinos from astrophysical sources. The current design of the detector is presented. The basic performance of the detector and its ability to search for neutrinos from various astrophysical sources has been studied using detailed simulations and is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12576808; Ahrens, J. 1 Bahcall, J.N. 2 Bai, X. 3 Bay, R.C. 4 Becka, T. 1 Becker, K.-H. 5 Berley, D. 6 Bernardini, E. 7 Bertrand, D. 8 Besson, D.Z. 9 Blaufuss, E. 6 Boersma, D.J. 7 Böser, S. 7 Bohm, C. 10 Botner, O. 11 Bouchta, A. 11 Bouhali, O. 8 Burgess, T. 10 Carithers, W. 12 Castermans, T. 13; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany  2: Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA  3: Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Fachbereich 8 Physik, BUGH Wuppertal, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany  6: Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-4111, USA  7: DESY-Zeuthen, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany  8: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium  9: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA  10: Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden  11: Division of High Energy Physics, Uppsala University, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden  12: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  13: University of Mons-Hainaut, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 48 Issue 5/6, p519; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.12.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dermer, C.D.
AU  - Dingus, B.L.
T1  - Blazar flaring rates measured with GLAST
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 48
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
SN  - 13876473
AB  - We derive the minimum observing time scales to detect a blazar at a given flux level with the LAT on the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) in the scanning and pointing modes. Based upon Phase 1 observations with EGRET, we predict the GLAST detection rate of blazar flares at different flux levels. With some uncertainty given the poor statistics of bright blazars, we predict that a blazar flare with integral flux <f>&gsim;200×10−8</f> photons (<f>></f>100 MeV) cm−2 s−1, which are the best candidates for Target of Opportunity pointings and extensive temporal and spectral studies, should occur every few days. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BL Lacertae objects
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - γ-rays
KW  - Blazars
N1  - Accession Number: 12576810; Dermer, C.D. 1; Email Address: dermer@gamma.nrl.navy.mil Dingus, B.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Naval Research Laboratory, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375-5352, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H803 P-23, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 48 Issue 5/6, p537; Subject Term: BL Lacertae objects; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blazars; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.12.013
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12576810&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arzberger, Peter W.
AU  - Farazdel, Abbas
AU  - Konagaya, Akihiko
AU  - Ang, Larry
AU  - Shimojo, Shinji
AU  - Stevens, Rick L.
T1  - Life Sciences and Cyberinfrastructure: Dual and Interacting Revolutions that will Drive Future Science.
JO  - New Generation Computing
JF  - New Generation Computing
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 110
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 02883635
AB  - Over the past quarter century, two revolutions, one in bio- medicine, the other in computing and information technology leading to cyberinfrastructure, have made the largest advances and the most significant impacts on science, technology, and society. The interface between these areas is rich with opportunity for major advances. The Life Sciences Grid Research Group (LSG-RG) of the Global Grid Forum recognized the opportunities and needs to bring the communities together to ensure the cyberinfrastructure will be constructed for the benefit of science. This article gives an overview of the area, the activities of the LSG-RG, and the minisymposium organized by LSG-RG, and introduces the papers in this Special Issue of New Generation Computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Generation Computing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIFE sciences
KW  - CYBERSPACE
KW  - INFORMATION superhighway
KW  - RESEARCH teams
KW  - TECHNOLOGY & civilization
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - Cyberinfrastructure
KW  - Grid
KW  - Life Sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13571450; Arzberger, Peter W. 1; Email Address: parzberg@ucsd.edu Farazdel, Abbas 2; Email Address: farazdel@us.ibm.com Konagaya, Akihiko 3; Email Address: konagaya@gsc.riken.go.jp Ang, Larry 4 Shimojo, Shinji 5; Email Address: shimojo@cmc.osaka-u.ac.jp Stevens, Rick L. 6; Email Address: stevens@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. mc0043 La Jolla, CA 92093-0043 USA  2: IBM Life Sciences 2455 South Road MS P099, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 USA  3: RIKEN, Genomic Sciences Center W-520, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan  4: Bioinformatics Institute 21 Henf Mui Keng Terrace 12R, Level 3, Singapore  5: Cybermedia Center and Biogrid, Osaka University 5-1 Mihogakaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047 Japan  6: Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p97; Subject Term: LIFE sciences; Subject Term: CYBERSPACE; Subject Term: INFORMATION superhighway; Subject Term: RESEARCH teams; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY & civilization; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyberinfrastructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life Sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for <f>A=205</f>
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Evaluated nuclear structure and decay data for all nuclei within the <f>A=205</f> mass chain are presented. This work supersedes the earlier evaluation by S. Rab (1993Ra10), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 69, 679 (1993). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - ATOMIC mass
N1  - Accession Number: 12780373; Kondev, F.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 101 Issue 4, p521; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Number of Pages: 142p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nds.2004.03.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12780373&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanlet, P.
AU  - Doulas, S.
AU  - Kirsch, N.
AU  - Marcus, M.
AU  - Wood, D.R.
AU  - Haggerty, H.
AU  - Hansen, S.
AU  - Ito, A.S.
AU  - Jones, R.
AU  - Regan, T.
AU  - Acharya, B.S.
AU  - Dugad, S.
AU  - Satyanarayana, B.
AU  - Pablo Negret, J.
AU  - Zanabria, M.
T1  - LED pulser system for Fermilab's D<f>Ø</f> Muon Scintillation counters
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 521
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present the technical design, performance, and stability test results for an LED-based pulser system. The system is used for the Run II Muon Scintillation counters at Fermilab''s D<f>Ø</f> Experiment. Accurate timing information from the scintillation counters is imperative for the proper performance of the muon triggers. The LED Pulser System served in the commissioning of the counters and continues to serve in the monitoring of the performance and the gains of the PMTs.A detailed description of the system is presented, as well as the results of tests on individual components and integrated system. From the test results, the D<f>Ø</f> LED Pulser System tracks the PMT gains with a precision of 0.2%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATION counters
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - 29.90.+r
KW  - Calibration
KW  - LED
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Pulser
KW  - Scintillation
N1  - Accession Number: 12574913; Hanlet, P. 1; Email Address: hanlet@fnal.gov Doulas, S. 1 Kirsch, N. 1 Marcus, M. 1 Wood, D.R. 1 Haggerty, H. 2 Hansen, S. 2 Ito, A.S. 2 Jones, R. 2 Regan, T. 2 Acharya, B.S. 3 Dugad, S. 3 Satyanarayana, B. 3 Pablo Negret, J. 4 Zanabria, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai 40005, India  4: Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 521 Issue 2/3, p343; Subject Term: SCINTILLATION counters; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.90.+r; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: LED; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.070
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adamson, P.
AU  - Barrett, L.
AU  - Belias, A.
AU  - Blake, A.
AU  - Cabrera, A.
AU  - Falk, E.
AU  - Harris, P.G.
AU  - Hartnell, J.
AU  - Howcroft, C.
AU  - Kordosky, M.
AU  - Lang, K.
AU  - Lee, R.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Michael, D.
AU  - Morse, R.
AU  - Nelson, J.K.
AU  - Nichol, R.
AU  - Pearce, G.
AU  - Ruddick, K.
AU  - Smith, P.N.
T1  - On the linearity of the MINOS light-injection calibration system
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 521
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The MINOS light-injection calibration system has been fully documented in a previous article (Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 492 (2002) 353). Upon commissioning in the MINOS detectors, the system was found to give a non-linear response to variations in the intensity of injected light. The source of this non-linearity has been traced to a small change in the spectrum of the injected light as a function of the current applied to the original blue LEDs, in combination with a rapidly varying spectral response function of the wavelength-shifting fibre used in the detector. Both aspects of the problem have been addressed successfully by use of LEDs with different spectral characteristics, and the system now has a linear response. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - BLUE
KW  - Calibration
KW  - LED
KW  - Light injection
KW  - MINOS
KW  - PMT
N1  - Accession Number: 12574914; Adamson, P. 1 Barrett, L. 2 Belias, A. 3 Blake, A. 4 Cabrera, A. 5 Falk, E. 6 Harris, P.G. 6; Email Address: p.g.harris@sussex.ac.uk Hartnell, J. 5 Howcroft, C. 4 Kordosky, M. 7 Lang, K. 7 Lee, R. 8 Liu, J. 7 Michael, D. 9 Morse, R. 6 Nelson, J.K. 10 Nichol, R. 1 Pearce, G. 3 Ruddick, K. 11 Smith, P.N. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK  2: Department of Physics, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, WA 98225, USA  3: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 OQX, UK  4: Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHE, UK  5: Sub-Department of Particle Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK  6: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK  7: Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA  8: High Energy Physics Laboratory, Harvard University, 42 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  9: Lauritsen Laboratory, 356-48, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  10: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  11: University of Minnesota School of Physics and Astronomy, 116 Church St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 521 Issue 2/3, p361; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: BLUE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: LED; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: MINOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PMT; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.105
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lou, T.P.
AU  - Ludewigt, B.A.
AU  - Vujic, J.L.
AU  - Leung, K.-N.
T1  - Simulation of a D–T neutron source for neutron scattering experiments
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 521
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new generation of high-yield fusion-based neutron generators is being developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Novel design features provide the potential for neutron yields as high as <f>1014 n/s</f> in a compact geometry. Such high neutron yields make the neutron generator applicable to the production of thermal or cold neutrons for neutron scattering experiments. This paper describes a scheme to simulate a neutron scattering setup and to estimate neutron flux and resolution with the particle transport code MCNP. For an estimated resolution of 1–4%, depending on the scattered angle and neutron energy, a thermal neutron flux at the sample position of <f>7×105 n/cm2 s</f> has been estimated. Such a neutron generator is particularly suitable for cold neutron scattering experiments due to relatively longer flight times. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Neutron moderation
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Resolution
N1  - Accession Number: 12574918; Lou, T.P. 1,2; Email Address: lou@nuc.berkeley.edu Ludewigt, B.A. 1 Vujic, J.L. 2 Leung, K.-N. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator & Fusion Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Cyclotron RD. Berkeley CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 521 Issue 2/3, p399; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron moderation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resolution; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.093
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, G.S.
AU  - Blessinger, C.S.
AU  - Bowman, J.D.
AU  - Chupp, T.E.
AU  - Coulter, K.P.
AU  - Gericke, M.
AU  - Jones, G.L.
AU  - Leuschner, M.B.
AU  - Nann, H.
AU  - Page, S.A.
AU  - Penttilä, S.I.
AU  - Smith, T.B.
AU  - Snow, W.M.
AU  - Wilburn, W.S.
T1  - A measurement of parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetries in polarized cold neutron capture on <f>35Cl</f>, <f>113Cd</f>, and <f>139La</f>
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 521
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 468
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An apparatus for measuring parity-violating asymmetries in gamma-ray emission following polarized cold neutron capture was constructed as a 1/10th scale test of the design for the forthcoming <f>n→+p→d+γ</f> experiment at LANSCE. The elements of the polarized neutron beam, including a polarized <f>3He</f> neutron spin filter and a radio frequency neutron spin rotator, are described. Using CsI(Tl) detectors and photodiode current mode readout, measurements were made of asymmetries in gamma-ray emission following neutron capture on <f>35Cl</f>, <f>113Cd</f>, and <f>139La</f> targets. Upper limits on the parity-allowed asymmetry <f>sn·(kγ×kn)</f> were set at the level of <f>7×10−6</f> for all three targets. Parity-violating asymmetries <f>sn·kγ</f> were observed in <f>35Cl</f>, <f>Aγ=(−29.1±6.7)×10−6</f>, and <f>139La</f>, <f>Aγ=(−15.5±7.1)×10−6</f>, values consistent with previous measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - NEUTRON capture
KW  - PHOTODIODES
KW  - Parity violation
KW  - Polarized neutrons
KW  - Radiative neutron capture
N1  - Accession Number: 12574925; Mitchell, G.S. 1; Email Address: gmitchell@lanl.gov Blessinger, C.S. 2 Bowman, J.D. 1 Chupp, T.E. 3 Coulter, K.P. 3 Gericke, M. 2 Jones, G.L. 4 Leuschner, M.B. 5 Nann, H. 2 Page, S.A. 6 Penttilä, S.I. 1 Smith, T.B. 7 Snow, W.M. 2 Wilburn, W.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  3: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA  4: Hamilton College, Clinton, NY 13323, USA  5: University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA  6: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada  7: University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 521 Issue 2/3, p468; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: NEUTRON capture; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parity violation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarized neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative neutron capture; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.192
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12574925&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reeder, P.L.
AU  - Bowyer, T.W.
AU  - McIntyre, J.I.
AU  - Pitts, W.K.
AU  - Ringbom, A.
AU  - Johansson, C.
T1  - Gain calibration of a β/γ coincidence spectrometer for automated radioxenon analysis
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 521
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 586
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Detection and measurement of atmospheric radioxenon is an important component of international monitoring systems for nuclear weapons testing. Monitoring stations separate xenon from air and perform isotopic analysis of the radioxenon. In one such radioxenon measurement scheme, the isotopes of interest are identified by coincident spectroscopy of electrons and photons in a <f>β/γ</f> coincidence spectrometer (BGCS). The <f>β</f> spectrometer is a plastic scintillator, manufactured as a cylindrical cell containing the separated xenon sample. This cell is surrounded by the NaI(Tl) <f>γ</f> spectrometer. We report here the development of a calibration process for the BGCS suitable for use in remote sampling systems. This procedure is based upon <f>γ</f>-ray Compton scattering, resulting in a true coincident signal in both detectors, generation of electrons over a wide energy range that matches the energy distribution of electrons from radioxenon decay, and a relative insensitivity to source location. In addition to gain calibration, this procedure determines the resolution of the <f>β</f> detector as a function of energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XENON
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - Beta-gamma coincide spectrometer
KW  - Calibration by Compton scattering
KW  - MCNP modeling
KW  - Nuclear weapons monitoring
KW  - Radioactive xenon isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 12574936; Reeder, P.L. 1; Email Address: paul.reeder@pnl.gov Bowyer, T.W. 1 McIntyre, J.I. 1 Pitts, W.K. 1 Ringbom, A. 2 Johansson, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN P8-01, P.O. Box. 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI), Division of NBC Defense, SE-172 90 Stockholm, Sweden; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 521 Issue 2/3, p586; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beta-gamma coincide spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration by Compton scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCNP modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear weapons monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive xenon isotopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.195
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
AU  - Logan, Jean
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Telang, Frank
AU  - Ding, Yu-Shin
AU  - Shea, Colleen
AU  - Garza, Victor
AU  - Xu, Youwen
AU  - Li, Zizhong
AU  - Alexoff, David
AU  - Vaska, Paul
AU  - Ferrieri, Richard
AU  - Schlyer, David
AU  - Zhu, Wei
AU  - John Gatley, S.
T1  - Comparison of the binding of the irreversible monoamine oxidase tracers, [11C]clorgyline and [11C]l-deprenyl in brain and peripheral organs in humans
JO  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
JF  - Nuclear Medicine & Biology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 09698051
AB  - The monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO A and B) radiotracers [11C]clorgyline (CLG) and [11C]L-deprenyl (DEP) and their deuterium labeled counterparts (CLG-D and DEP-D) were compared to determine whether their distribution and kinetics in humans are consistent with their physical, chemical and pharmacological properties and the reported ratios of MAO A:MAO B in post-mortem human tissues. Irreversible binding was consistently higher for DEP in brain, heart, kidneys and spleen but not lung where CLG >DEP and not in thyroid where there is no DEP binding. The generally higher DEP binding is consistent with its higher enzyme affinity and larger free fraction in plasma while differences in regional distribution for CLG and DEP in brain, heart, thyroid and lungs are consistent with different relative ratios of MAO A and B in humans. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Medicine & Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLOENZYMES
KW  - CARDIOPULMONARY system
KW  - LUNGS
KW  - OXIDASES
KW  - Brain
KW  - Monoamine oxidase A and B
KW  - Peripheral organs
N1  - Accession Number: 12503142; Fowler, Joanna S. 1; Email Address: fowler@bnl.gov Logan, Jean 1 Wang, Gene-Jack 1 Volkow, Nora D. 1 Telang, Frank 1 Ding, Yu-Shin 1 Shea, Colleen 1 Garza, Victor 1 Xu, Youwen 1 Li, Zizhong 1 Alexoff, David 1 Vaska, Paul 1 Ferrieri, Richard 1 Schlyer, David 1 Zhu, Wei 2 John Gatley, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 31 Issue 3, p313; Subject Term: METALLOENZYMES; Subject Term: CARDIOPULMONARY system; Subject Term: LUNGS; Subject Term: OXIDASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monoamine oxidase A and B; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peripheral organs; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2003.10.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaardhøje, J.J.
AU  - Arsene, I.
AU  - Bearden, I.G.
AU  - Beavis, D.
AU  - Besliu, C.
AU  - Budick, B.
AU  - Bøggild, H.
AU  - Chasman, C.
AU  - Christensen, C.H.
AU  - Christiansen, P.
AU  - Cibor, J.
AU  - Debbe, R.
AU  - Enger, E.
AU  - Germinario, M.
AU  - Hagel, K.
AU  - Hansen, O.
AU  - Holm, A.
AU  - Ito, H.
AU  - Jipa, A.
AU  - Jundt, F.
T1  - The new physics at RHIC. From transparency to high pt suppression
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Heavy ion collisions at RHIC energies (Au + Au collisions at <F>√SNN = 200 GeV</F>) exhibit significant new features as compared to earlier experiments at lower energies. The reaction is characterized by a high degree of transparency of the collision partners leading to the formation of a baryon-poor central region. In this zone, particle production occurs mainly from the stretching of the color field. The initial energy density is well above the one considered necessary for the formation of the Quark Gluon Plasma, QGP. The production of charged particles of various masses is consistent with chemical and thermal equilibrium. Recently, a suppression of the high transverse momentum component of hadron spectra has been observed in central Au + Au collisions. This can be explained by the energy loss experienced by leading partons in a medium with a high density of unscreened color charges. In contrast, such high <F>pt</F> jets are not suppressed in d + Au collisions suggesting that the high <F>pt</F> suppression is not due to initial state effects in the ultrarelativistic colliding nuclei. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 13023685; Gaardhøje, J.J. 1 Arsene, I. 2 Bearden, I.G. 1 Beavis, D. 3 Besliu, C. 2 Budick, B. 4 Bøggild, H. 1 Chasman, C. 3 Christensen, C.H. 1 Christiansen, P. 1 Cibor, J. 5 Debbe, R. 3 Enger, E. 6 Germinario, M. 1 Hagel, K. 7 Hansen, O. 1 Holm, A. 1 Ito, H. 3,8 Jipa, A. 2 Jundt, F. 9; Affiliation:  1: Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark  2: University of Bucharest, Romania  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  4: New York University, New York 10003, USA  5: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland  6: University of Oslo, Department of Physics, Oslo, Norway  7: Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 17843, USA  8: University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA  9: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques and Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p13; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohnishi, H.
AU  - Arnaldi, R.
AU  - Banicz, K.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Buytaert, J.
AU  - Castor, J.
AU  - Chaurand, B.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Cheynis, B.
AU  - Cicalo, C.
AU  - Colla, A.
AU  - Cortese, P.
AU  - David, A.
AU  - de Falco, A.
AU  - de Marco, N.
AU  - Devaux, A.
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Ducroux, L.
AU  - En'yo, H.
AU  - Ferretti, A.
T1  - The NA60 experiment at CERN SPS: First results and prospects
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The NA60 experiment is taking place at the CERN SPS, to study the production of open charm and of prompt dimuons in collisions induced by proton and heavy ion beams on nuclear targets. In this paper we will present an overview of the detector concept, followed by a description of the newly developed silicon vertex telescope and its performance. Then we present some first results, including a dimuon mass spectrum obtained using the silicon vertex telescope. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13023689; Ohnishi, H. Arnaldi, R. 1 Banicz, K. 2 Borer, K. 3 Buytaert, J. 2 Castor, J. 4 Chaurand, B. 5 Chen, W. 6 Cheynis, B. 7 Cicalo, C. 8 Colla, A. 1 Cortese, P. 1 David, A. 9 de Falco, A. 8 de Marco, N. 1 Devaux, A. 4 Drees, A. 10 Ducroux, L. 7 En'yo, H. 11 Ferretti, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Università di Torino and INFN, Turin, Italy  2: CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland  3: Laboratory of High Energy Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland  4: LPC, Université Blaise Pascal and CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France  5: LLR, Ecole Polytechnique and CNRS-IN2P3, Palaiseau, France  6: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA  7: IPN, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-I and CNRS-IN2P3, Lyon, France  8: Università di Cagliari and INFN, Cagliari, Italy  9: Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal  10: State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA  11: RIKEN - The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p49; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonjes, Marguerite Belt
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Baker, M.D.
AU  - Ballintijn, M.
AU  - Barton, D.S.
AU  - Becker, B.
AU  - Betts, R.R.
AU  - Bickley, A.A.
AU  - Bindel, R.
AU  - Budzanowski, A.
AU  - Busza, W.
AU  - Carroll, A.
AU  - Decowski, M.P.
AU  - García, E.
AU  - Gburek, T.
AU  - George, N.
AU  - Gulbrandsen, K.
AU  - Gushue, S.
AU  - Halliwell, C.
AU  - Hamblen, J.
T1  - Results from the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
SN  - 03759474
AB  - PHOBOS is one of the four experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider measuring <F>p + p, d + Au</F>, and <F>Au + Au</F> collisions over a broad range of energies. PHOBOS is a silicon-pad based detector with a 4π multiplicity detector and a high resolution mid-rapidity spectrometer, along with other detectors (time-of-flight walls, proton and zero degree calorimeters). PHOBOS is able to measure particles at low transverse momentum, spectra, flow, particle ratios, and multiplicity over a large region of phase space. A comparison of results for <F>Au + Au</F> and <F>d + Au</F> collisions at <F>√SNN = 220 GeV</F> will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - HEAVY particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13023693; Tonjes, Marguerite Belt 1 Back, B.B. 2 Baker, M.D. 3 Ballintijn, M. 4 Barton, D.S. 3 Becker, B. 3 Betts, R.R. 5 Bickley, A.A. 1 Bindel, R. 1 Budzanowski, A. 6 Busza, W. 4 Carroll, A. 3 Decowski, M.P. 4 García, E. 5 Gburek, T. 6 George, N. 2,3 Gulbrandsen, K. 4 Gushue, S. 3 Halliwell, C. 5 Hamblen, J. 7; Affiliation:  1: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  5: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA  6: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland  7: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p61; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: HEAVY particles (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oganessian, Yu.Ts.
AU  - Utyonkov, V.K.
AU  - Lobanov, Yu.V.
AU  - Abdullin, F.Sh.
AU  - Polyakov, A.N.
AU  - Shirokovsky, I.V.
AU  - Tsyganov, Yu.S.
AU  - Gulbekian, G.G.
AU  - Bogomolov, S.L.
AU  - Gikal, B.N.
AU  - Mezentsev, A.N.
AU  - Iliev, S.
AU  - Subbotin, V.G.
AU  - Sukhov, A.M.
AU  - Voinov, A.A.
AU  - Buklanov, G.V.
AU  - Subotic, K.
AU  - Zagrebaev, V.I.
AU  - Itkis, M.G.
AU  - Patin, J.B.
T1  - Heavy element research at Dubna
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
SN  - 03759474
N1  - Accession Number: 13023701; Oganessian, Yu.Ts. 1; Email Address: oganessian@flnr.jinr.ru Utyonkov, V.K. 1 Lobanov, Yu.V. 1 Abdullin, F.Sh. 1 Polyakov, A.N. 1 Shirokovsky, I.V. 1 Tsyganov, Yu.S. 1 Gulbekian, G.G. 1 Bogomolov, S.L. 1 Gikal, B.N. 1 Mezentsev, A.N. 1 Iliev, S. 1 Subbotin, V.G. 1 Sukhov, A.M. 1 Voinov, A.A. 1 Buklanov, G.V. 1 Subotic, K. 1 Zagrebaev, V.I. 1 Itkis, M.G. 1 Patin, J.B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russian Federation  2: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p109; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Moody, Ken
T1  - Superheavy element isotopes, decay properties
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 188
SN  - 03759474
N1  - Accession Number: 13023715; Moody, Ken 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p188; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gäggeler, H.W.
AU  - Brüchle, W.
AU  - Düllmann, Ch.E.
AU  - Dressler, R.
AU  - Eberhardt, K.
AU  - Eichler, B.
AU  - Eichler, R.
AU  - Folden, C.M.
AU  - Ginter, T.N.
AU  - Glaus, F.
AU  - Gregorich, K.E.
AU  - Haenssler, F.
AU  - Hoffman, D.C.
AU  - Jäger, E.
AU  - Jost, D.T.
AU  - Kirbach, U.W.
AU  - Kratz, J.V.
AU  - Nitsche, H.
AU  - Patin, J.B.
AU  - Pershina, V.
T1  - Chemical and nuclear studies of hassium and element 112
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 208
SN  - 03759474
N1  - Accession Number: 13023722; Gäggeler, H.W. 1,2 Brüchle, W. 3 Düllmann, Ch.E. 4 Dressler, R. 2 Eberhardt, K. 5 Eichler, B. 2 Eichler, R. 2 Folden, C.M. 4 Ginter, T.N. 4 Glaus, F. 2 Gregorich, K.E. 4 Haenssler, F. 1,2 Hoffman, D.C. 4 Jäger, E. 3 Jost, D.T. 2 Kirbach, U.W. 4 Kratz, J.V. 5 Nitsche, H. 4,6 Patin, J.B. 4 Pershina, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  2: Labor für Radio- und Umweltchemie, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  3: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany  4: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  5: Institut für Kernchemie, Universität Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany  6: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p208; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamilton, J.H.
AU  - Zhu, S.J.
AU  - Ramayya, A.V.
AU  - Gore, P.M.
AU  - Rasmussen, J.O.
AU  - Jones, E.F.
AU  - Hwang, J.K.
AU  - Xu, R.Q.
AU  - Yang, L.Y.
AU  - Li, K.
AU  - Jiang, Z.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Ziao, S.D.
AU  - Zhang, X.Q.
AU  - Kormicki, J.
AU  - Luo, Y.X.
AU  - Chaturvedi, L.
AU  - Ma, W.C.
AU  - Cole, J.D.
AU  - Drigert, M.W.
T1  - New insights into neutron rich nuclei from fission
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Neutron-rich nuclei populated in spontaneous fission are providing new tests for microscopic models. The neutron-rich 104–108Mo, 108–114Ru and 112–116Pd exibit a variety of rapidly changing collective band structures to high spins. The first evidence for chiral band doublets in any even-even nucleus are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13023736; Hamilton, J.H. 1 Zhu, S.J. 1,2,3 Ramayya, A.V. 1 Gore, P.M. 1 Rasmussen, J.O. 4 Jones, E.F. 1 Hwang, J.K. 1 Xu, R.Q. 2 Yang, L.Y. 2 Li, K. 1,2 Jiang, Z. 2 Zhang, Z. 2 Ziao, S.D. 2 Zhang, X.Q. 1 Kormicki, J. 1 Luo, Y.X. 1,4 Chaturvedi, L. 1,5 Ma, W.C. 6 Cole, J.D. 7 Drigert, M.W. 7; Affiliation:  1: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: Tsinghua University, Beijing, China  3: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, TN 37835, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India  6: Mississippi State University, MS 39762, USA  7: Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p257; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blank, B.
AU  - Giovinazzo, J.
AU  - Pfützner, M.
AU  - Blumenfeld, Y.
AU  - Zerguerras, T.
T1  - Two-proton radioactivity — a curiosity of nature?
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 03759474
AB  - In the present paper, we describe recent results on two-proton mission studies. In the first part, new results on two proton emission from excited states in 17Ne are presented. In these complete kinematics measurements performed at the SPEG facility of GANIL, the angle between the two proton has been measured evidencing a 2He emission pattern. In a second part, recent results on the two-proton radioactivity of 45Fe from GANIL and GSI are presented, which show the first evidence of this new radioactivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13023744; Blank, B. 1,2 Giovinazzo, J. 2 Pfützner, M. 3 Blumenfeld, Y. 4 Zerguerras, T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Centre d'études nucléaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan Le Haut-Vigneau, F-33175 Gradignan, France  3: Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University P1-00-681 Warsaw, Poland  4: Institut de physique nucléaire, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p303; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helgesson, Johan
AU  - Ghetti, Roberta
AU  - Moretto, Luciano G.
AU  - Breus, Dimitry E.
AU  - Elliott, James B.
AU  - Phair, Larry W.
AU  - Wozniak, Gordon J.
T1  - Finite size scalings and the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 549
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Finite size effects on cluster distributions are investigated within Ising and Fisher''s Droplet Model. Fixed magnetization calculations suggest that the introduction of a complement correction of the emitting system is a promising approach for finite size scalings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13023827; Helgesson, Johan 1 Ghetti, Roberta 2 Moretto, Luciano G. 3 Breus, Dimitry E. 3 Elliott, James B. 3 Phair, Larry W. 3 Wozniak, Gordon J. 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Technology and Society, Malmö University, Sweden  2: Department of Physics, Lund University, Sweden  3: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p549; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rehm, K.E.
T1  - Nuclear astrophysics experiments with stable and unstable beams
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 615
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Experiments with stable and radioactive beams play an important role in understanding the phenomena observed at various astrophysical sites ranging from the early universe to novae and supernovae explosions. A summary of recent achievements in nuclear astrophysics is given and an experiment measuring the 8B neutrino spectrum with a new technique is described in more detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - NEUTRINO astrophysics
N1  - Accession Number: 13023841; Rehm, K.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL. 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p615; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: NEUTRINO astrophysics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
T1  - Overview of the U.S. rare isotope accelerator proposal
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 734
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 661
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) is the highest priority of the nuclear physics community in the United States for a major new facility. RIA is a next generation facility for basic research with radioactive beams that utilizes both standard Isotope-separator On-line (ISOL) and in-flight fragmentation methods with novel approaches to handle high primary-beam power and remove existing limitations in the extraction of short-lived isotopes. A versatile primary accelerator, a 1.4-GV, CW superconducting linac designed to simultaneously accelerate several heavy-ion charge states, will provide beams from protons at 900 MeV to uranium at 400 MeV/u at power levels of 400 kW. The wide variety of primary beams allows various production and extraction schemes to be used to optimize production of specific isotopes. These isotopes, at unprecedented intensities, are available for research at a broad range of energies. They can be delivered at ion source energy for stopped-beam studies, reaccelerated by a second superconducting linac, or directly separated in-flight for use at energies up to 500 MeV/u. The post accelerator uses a unique injection scheme, based on CW low-frequency RFQs, for efficient acceleration of singly charged heavy ions with masses up to 240 amu from ion source energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13023847; Nolen, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 734 Issue 1-4, p661; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semertzidis, Yannis K.
T1  - Electric dipole moments of fundamental particles
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 131
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
EP  - 251
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Abstract: Electric dipole moments (EDM) are at the fore-front of search for physics beyond the standard model. Thenext generation searches promise to improve by several orders of magnitude the current EDM sensitivity levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 17446118; Semertzidis, Yannis K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Department,P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 131 Issue 1-3, p244; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.02.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - Escher, Jutta
T1  - Nuclear Reactions on Unstable Nuclei and the Surrogate Reaction Technique.
JO  - Nuclear Physics News
JF  - Nuclear Physics News
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 31
EP  - 32
SN  - 10619127
AB  - The article provides information on the workshop titled Nuclear Reactions on Unstable Nuclei and the Surrogate Reaction Technique held at the Asilomar Conference Grounds in Pacific Grove, California from January 12-15, 2004. The meeting was attended by about 60 participants from the international nuclear structure and reaction communities.
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - NUCLEAR research
KW  - PACIFIC Grove (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
N1  - Accession Number: 24795241; Escher, Jutta 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p31; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; Subject Term: PACIFIC Grove (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Proceeding
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janotti, A.
AU  - Zhang, S.B.
AU  - Wei, Su-Huai
AU  - Van de Walle, C.G.
T1  - Effects of N on the electronic structures of H defects in III–V semiconductors
JO  - Optical Materials
JF  - Optical Materials
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
SN  - 09253467
AB  - Nitrogen has profound effects on the electronic structure of III–V semiconductors, as adding a few percent of N can drastically lower the band gap. Hydrogen, on the other hand, is an important impurity in III–V semiconductors. Using first-principles band structure calculations we find that N can also qualitatively alter the electronic behavior of hydrogen in III–V semiconductors. We show that in GaAsN and GaPN a H atom bonds preferentially to the more electronegative N and can act as a donor in its own right. At high Fermi energy and H concentration, the H2&ast; complex associated with N is stabilized. The formation of the H2&ast; removes the effect of N on the band gap, restoring the gap of GaAs. For GaPN, the calculated local vibrational frequencies and isotope shifts of H2&ast; are in good agreement with experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optical Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Defects
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - III–V semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 12310630; Janotti, A. 1 Zhang, S.B. 1 Wei, Su-Huai 1; Email Address: swei@nrel.gov Van de Walle, C.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p261; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: III–V semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optmat.2003.08.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Kung, H.
T1  - Thermal stability of self-supported nanolayered Cu/Nb films.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1021
EP  - 1028
SN  - 14786435
AB  - We report the development of thermally stable nanoscale layered structures in sputter deposited Cu/Nb multilayered films with 75 nm individual layer thickness, vacuum annealed at temperatures of 800°C or lower. The continuity of the layered structure was maintained and layer thickness unchanged in the annealed films. The nanolayers were observed to be offset by shear at the triple-point junctions that had equilibrium groove angles and were aligned in a zigzag pattern. A mechanism is proposed for the evolution of this 'anchored' structure that may be resistant to further morphological instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR junctions
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 12511655; Misra, A. 1; Email Address: amisra@lanl.gov Hoagland, R.G. 1 Kung, H. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA  2: US Department of Energy, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Washington, DC, USA; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1021; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR junctions; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001659480
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sebastian, S.E.
AU  - Huie, T.
AU  - Fisher, I.R.
AU  - Dennis, K.W.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
T1  - Magnetic properties of single grain R-Mg-Cd primitive icosahedral quasicrystals (R=Y, Gd, Tb or Dy).
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1029
EP  - 1037
SN  - 14786435
AB  - The growth and characterization of single grains of the primitive icosahedral quasicrystal R-Mg-Cd (R=Y, Gd, Tb or Dy) are described. From the thermodynamic properties, it is confirmed that the system is a spin glass exhibiting the characteristic spin-freezing transition of such systems. There is no evidence for two distinct freezing transitions previously observed for polygrain samples. The bulk magnetic properties and the effect of crystalline electric fields on the spin-freezing temperature are found to be very similar to those of the face-centred icosahedral quasicrystal R-Mg-Zn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - CRYOBIOLOGY
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - RARE earth metals
N1  - Accession Number: 12511659; Sebastian, S.E. 1 Huie, T. 1 Fisher, I.R. 1; Email Address: irfisher@stanford.edu Dennis, K.W. 2 Kramer, M.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, California, USA  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, USA; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1029; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: CRYOBIOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001641939
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, K.T.
AU  - Wall, M.A.
AU  - Schwartz, A.J.
AU  - Chung, B.W.
AU  - Morton, S.A.
AU  - Tobin, J.G.
AU  - Lazar, S.
AU  - Tichelaar, F.D.
AU  - Zandbergen, H.W.
AU  - Söderlind, P.
AU  - van der Laan, G.
T1  - Electron-energy-loss spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy as complementary probes for complex f-electron metals: cerium and plutonium.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/04//4/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1039
EP  - 1056
SN  - 14786435
AB  - In this paper, we demonstrate the power of electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a transmission electron microscope by investigating the electron structure of two f-electron metals: Ce and Pu. It is shown that EELS in a transmission electron microscope may be used to circumvent the difficulty of producing single-phase or single-crystal samples owing to its high spatial resolution, and that diffraction patterns and images can be acquired, providing unambiguous phase determination when acquiring spectra. EELS results are supported by synchrotron-radiation-based X-ray absorption, multielectron atomic spectral simulations, and local density approximation calculations based on density-functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation. For Ce, it is shown that changes in {111} stacking sequences can drive substantial modifications in the electronic structure of close-packed phases of Ce that have similar atomic volumes, contrary to previous assumptions in literature. For Pu, it is shown that Russell-Saunders ( L - S ) coupling fails for the 5f states and that either a j - j or an intermediate scheme must be used for the actinides because of the considerable spin-orbit interaction in the 5f states. We present a model showing how the 5f states behave along the light actinide series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - X-rays
KW  - METALS
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
N1  - Accession Number: 12511654; Moore, K.T. 1; Email Address: moore78@llnl.gov Wall, M.A. 1 Schwartz, A.J. 1 Chung, B.W. 1 Morton, S.A. 1 Tobin, J.G. 1 Lazar, S. 2 Tichelaar, F.D. 2 Zandbergen, H.W. 2 Söderlind, P. 3 van der Laan, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA  2: National Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands  3: Department of Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA  4: Magnetic Spectroscopy Group, Daresbury Laboratory, UK; Source Info: 4/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1039; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430310001659534
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Puigvi, M.A.
AU  - Serra, A.
AU  - de Diego, N.
AU  - Osetsky, Yu.N.
AU  - Bacon, D.J.
T1  - Features of the interactions between a vacancy and interstitial loops in metals.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 84
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
EP  - 266
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - Point defects and defect clusters have been observed in metals irradiated by high-energy particles. Interactions of these defects between themselves and with existing microstructure features cause microstructure evolution and lead to changes in mechanical and physical properties of the irradiated materials. Models for prediction of radiation-induced changes should include details of reactions involving defects, and so in this paper we present the results of atomic-scale computer modelling of interactions between a cluster of self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) and a single vacancy in models of bcc, fcc and hcp metals. The vacancy is taken to lie on or within the glide prism of the cluster. This type of reaction is considered to be one of the most frequent because formation of SIA clusters, particularly glissile clusters, is commonly observed in high-energy displacement cascades in all metals. The interaction depends strongly on the dislocation nature of the cluster and therefore these interactions are different in the three crystal structures. Vacancy-SIA recombination, in particular, is inhibited by dissociation of the SIA loop on its glide prism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - POINT defects
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 12511513; Puigvi, M.A. 1 Serra, A. 1,2; Email Address: a.serra@upc.es de Diego, N. 3 Osetsky, Yu.N. 4 Bacon, D.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Departament Matemàtica Aplicada III, Escola Tècnica Superior Enginyeria de Camins, Canals i Ports, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA  3: Departmento de Física Materiales, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain  4: Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering, The University of Liverpool, UK; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 84 Issue 4, p257; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: POINT defects; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09500830410001663284
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maslov, Sergei
AU  - Roehner, Bertrand M.
T1  - The conundrum of stock versus bond prices
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 335
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 164
SN  - 03784371
AB  - In a general way, stock and bond prices do not display any significant correlation. Yet, if we concentrate our attention on the specific episodes marked by a crash followed by a rebound, then we observe that stock prices have a strong connection with interest rates on one hand, and with bond yield spreads on the other hand. That second relationship is particularly stable in the course of time having been observed for over 140 years. Throughout the paper we use a quasi-experimental approach. By observing how markets respond to well-defined exogenous shocks (such as the shock of 11 September 2001) we are able to determine how investors organize their “flight to safety”: which safe haven they select, how long their collective panic lasts, and so on. As rebounds come to an end the correlation of stock and bond prices fades away, a clear sign that the collective behavior of investors loses some of its coherence; this observation can be used as an objective criterion for assessing the end of a market rebound. Based on the behavior of investors, we introduce a distinction between “genuine stock market rallies”, as opposed to spurious rallies such as those brought about by the buyback programs implemented by large companies. The paper ends with a discussion of testable predictions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - STOCKS (Finance) -- Prices
KW  - BUSINESS enterprises
KW  - TERRORISM
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Bond prices
KW  - Spreads
KW  - Stock crashes
KW  - Stock prices
N1  - Accession Number: 12170572; Maslov, Sergei 1; Email Address: maslov@bnl.gov Roehner, Bertrand M. 2; Email Address: roehner@lpthe.jussieu.fr; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  2: Institute for Theoretical and High Energy Physics, University of Paris, France; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 335 Issue 1/2, p164; Subject Term: STOCKS (Finance) -- Prices; Subject Term: BUSINESS enterprises; Subject Term: TERRORISM; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bond prices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spreads; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stock crashes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stock prices; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2003.11.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cmaidalka, J.
AU  - Baikalov, A.
AU  - Xue, Y.Y.
AU  - Meng, R.L.
AU  - Chu, C.W.
T1  - Water content and superconductivity in Na0.3CoO2 · <f>y</f>H2O
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 403
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We report here the correlation between the water content and superconductivity in Na0.3CoO2 · <f>y</f>H2O under the influences of elevated temperature and cold compression. The X-ray diffraction of the sample annealed at elevated temperatures indicates that intergrowths may exist in the compound at equilibrium when <f>0.6<y<1.4</f>. Its low-temperature equilibrium diamagnetization <f>Ms</f> varies linearly with <f>y</f>, but is insensitive to the intergrowth, indicative of quasi-2D superconductivity. The <f>Tc</f>-onset, especially, shifts only slightly with <f>y</f>. Our data from cold compressed samples, on the other hand, show that the water loss non-proportionally suppresses the diamagnetization, which is suggestive of weak links. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Sodium cobalt oxyhydrate superconductor
KW  - Water content
N1  - Accession Number: 12435133; Cmaidalka, J. 1 Baikalov, A. 1,2 Xue, Y.Y. 1,2; Email Address: yxue@uh.edu Meng, R.L. 1,2 Chu, C.W. 1,2,3,4; Affiliation:  1: Texas Center for Superconductivity and Advanced Materials, University of Houston, 202 Houston Science Center, Houston, TX 77204-5002, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5005, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 403 Issue 3, p125; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium cobalt oxyhydrate superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water content; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.11.008
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ijaduola, A.O.
AU  - Thompson, J.R.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Thieme, C.L.H.
AU  - Marken, K.
T1  - Magnetism and ferromagnetic loss in Ni–W textured substrates for coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 403
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A study has been conducted on the magnetic properties of a series of biaxially textured Ni1−xWx materials with compositions <f>x=0,3,5,6</f>, and 9 at.% W. These materials are important as substrates for “RABiTS”-type coated conductors that incorporate high temperature superconductors for current transport. The quasi-static dc and ac hysteretic loss <f>W</f> was determined to support estimates of the ferromagnetic contribution to the overall ac loss in potential ac applications. The alloys were prepared by either vacuum casting or powder metallurgy methods, and the hysteretic loss tended to be lower in materials that were recrystallized at higher temperatures. Some samples were progressively deformed (0.4% bending strain) to simulate winding operations; this increased the hysteretic loss, as did sample cutting operations that create localized damage. In ac magnetization measurements, the effects of ac frequency and dc bias field on the ferromagnetic loss were determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Coated conductor applications
KW  - Hysteretic loss
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Ni–W alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 12435139; Ijaduola, A.O. 1 Thompson, J.R. 1,2; Email Address: jrt@utk.edu Goyal, A. 2 Thieme, C.L.H. 3 Marken, K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 3115, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6061, USA  3: American Superconductor Corp., Westborough, MA 01581, USA  4: Oxford Instruments Superconducting Technology, Carteret, NJ 07008, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 403 Issue 3, p163; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductor applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hysteretic loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni–W alloys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.12.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Fisher, B.L.
AU  - Uprety, K.K.
AU  - Baurceanu, R.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
AU  - Miller, D.J.
AU  - Berghuis, P.
AU  - Gray, K.E.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - High critical current density of YBCO coated conductors fabricated by inclined substrate deposition
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 403
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Inclined substrate deposition (ISD) has great potential for rapid production of high-quality template layers for YBCO-coated conductors. We have grown biaxially textured magnesium oxide (MgO) films on metallic substrates by ISD at deposition rates, 20–100 A˚/s. Scanning electron microscopy of the ISD MgO films showed columnar grain structures with a roof-tile-shaped surface. X-ray diffraction and pole figure analysis revealed that the <f>c</f>-axis of the ISD MgO is tilted at an angle with respect to the substrate normal. A full width at half maximum (FWHM) of &ap;10° was observed in the <f>φ</f>-scan for MgO films. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and ceria (CeO2) buffer layers were epitaxially grown on ISD MgO by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) prior to YBCO deposition by PLD. The YBCO films grown on YSZ/CeO2 buffered ISD MgO substrates were biaxially aligned with the YBCO <f>c</f>-axis normal to the substrate surface. A critical current density of <f>Jc>1.2×106</f> A/cm2 was measured at 77 K in self-field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - Coated conductor
KW  - Inclined-substrate deposition
KW  - Pulsed laser deposition
KW  - YBCO thin film
N1  - Accession Number: 12435142; Ma, B. 1; Email Address: bma@anl.gov Koritala, R.E. 1 Fisher, B.L. 1 Uprety, K.K. 1 Baurceanu, R. 1 Dorris, S.E. 1 Miller, D.J. 2 Berghuis, P. 2 Gray, K.E. 2 Balachandran, U. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 212, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 403 Issue 3, p183; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inclined-substrate deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO thin film; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.11.018
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burkov, Anton A.
AU  - Joglekar, Yogesh N.
AU  - Rossi, Enrico
AU  - MacDonald, Allan H.
T1  - Collective transport in bilayer quantum Hall systems
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Filling factor <f>ν=1</f> incompressible states in ideal bilayer quantum Hall systems have spontaneous interlayer phase coherence and can be regarded either as easy-plane pseudospin ferromagnets or as condensates of excitons formed from electrons in one layer and holes in the other layer. In this paper we discuss efforts to achieve an understanding of the two different types of transport measurements (which we refer to as drag and tunneling experiments, respectively) that have been carried out in bilayer quantum Hall systems by the group of Jim Eisenstein at the California Institute of Technology. In a drag experiment, current is sent through one of the two-layers and the voltage drop is measured in the other layer. We will argue that the finding of these experiments that the voltage drop in the drag layer is different from that in the drive layer, is an experimental proof that these bilayers do not have quasi-long-range excitonic order. The property that at <f>ν=1</f> the longitudinal drag voltage increases from near zero when spontaneous coherence is initially established, then falls back toward zero as it becomes well established, can be explained as a competition between the broken symmetry and the gap to which it gives rise. In the tunneling experiment, current is injected in one layer and removed from the other layer. The absence of quasi-long-range order likely explains the relatively small tunneling conductance per area found in the these measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM Hall effect
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - 71.20.Nr
KW  - Bilayer quantum Hall system
KW  - Collective transport
KW  - Excitonic superfluidity
N1  - Accession Number: 12787984; Burkov, Anton A. 1,2 Joglekar, Yogesh N. 1,3,4 Rossi, Enrico 1 MacDonald, Allan H. 1; Email Address: macd@physics.utexas.edu; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78703, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA  4: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1-3, p19; Subject Term: QUANTUM Hall effect; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.20.Nr; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bilayer quantum Hall system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collective transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excitonic superfluidity; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.11.207
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaroszyński, J.
AU  - Andrearczyk, T.
AU  - Wróbel, J.
AU  - Karczewski, G.
AU  - Wojtowicz, T.
AU  - Papis, E.
AU  - Kamińska, E.
AU  - Piotrowska, A.
AU  - Popović, Dragana
AU  - Dietl, T.
T1  - Quantum Hall ferromagnet in magnetically-doped quantum wells
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 13869477
AB  - The article reviews our recent studies on quantum Hall ferromagnetism (QHF) in diluted magnetic semiconductors. A giant and nonlinear Zeeman splitting in these materials offers a unique opportunity to examine QHF since crossing of Landau levels (LL) can be achieved in perpendicular magnetic fields. We carried out magnetoresistance studies on modulation-doped, gated heterostructures of <f>Cd1−xMnxTe/Cd1−yMgyTe:I</f>. We put into evidence the formation of Ising quantum Hall ferromagnet with Curie temperature <f>TC</f> as high as <f>2 K</f>. QHF in our device is manifested by anomalous magnetoresistance maxima, their hysteretic behavior, and time-dependent resistance, similar to earlier observations in III–V heterostructures. However, in our system these phenomena are much stronger, especially when either <f>2−</f> or <f>1−</f>, and <f>0+</f> LL are brought into coincidence. The magnitude of the QHF spikes depends dramatically on the history of the sample, shows hysteresis when either magnetic field or gate voltage are swept, stretched-exponential time evolution characteristic of glassy systems, and strong Barkhausen noise. Our study suggests that these metastabilities stem from the slow dynamics of ferromagnetic domains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC semiconductors
KW  - GALVANOMAGNETIC effects
KW  - LANDAU levels
KW  - CURIE temperature
KW  - 75.50.Pp
KW  - Ferromagnetism
KW  - Quantum Hall effect
KW  - Resistance noise
N1  - Accession Number: 12787997; Jaroszyński, J. 1,2; Email Address: jaroszy@magnet.fsu.edu Andrearczyk, T. 1,2 Wróbel, J. 2 Karczewski, G. 2 Wojtowicz, T. 2 Papis, E. 3 Kamińska, E. 3 Piotrowska, A. 3 Popović, Dragana 1 Dietl, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, al. Lotników 32/46, Warszawa 02-668, Poland  3: Institute of Electron Technology, al. Lotników 32/46, Warszawa 02-668, Poland; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1-3, p76; Subject Term: MAGNETIC semiconductors; Subject Term: GALVANOMAGNETIC effects; Subject Term: LANDAU levels; Subject Term: CURIE temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Pp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum Hall effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistance noise; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.11.220
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kyrychenko, F.V.
AU  - Jho, Y.D.
AU  - Kono, J.
AU  - Crooker, S.A.
AU  - Sanders, G.D.
AU  - Reitze, D.H.
AU  - Stanton, C.J.
AU  - Wei, X.
AU  - Kadow, C.
AU  - Gossard, A.C.
T1  - Interband magnetoabsorption study of the shift of the Fermi energy of a 2DEG with an in-plane magnetic field
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 624
SN  - 13869477
AB  - We investigate experimentally and theoretically the effects of an in-plane magnetic field on the two-dimensional (2D) electron gas via a shift of the Fermi energy in the interband magnetoabsorption. It is shown that the Fermi edge may either shift up (blue) or down (red) in an in-plane magnetic field. The shift depends on the relative strength of two components: (i) the diamagnetic shift of subband edge and (ii) an increase of the 2D density of states which lowers the Fermi energy with respect to the subband edge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - 2DEG
KW  - Fermi energy
KW  - In-plane magnetic field
N1  - Accession Number: 12788140; Kyrychenko, F.V. 1; Email Address: fedir@phys.ufl.edu Jho, Y.D. 1,2 Kono, J. 3 Crooker, S.A. 4 Sanders, G.D. 1 Reitze, D.H. 1 Stanton, C.J. 1 Wei, X. 2 Kadow, C. 5 Gossard, A.C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Florida , Box 118440, Gainesville, FL 32611-8440, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1-3, p624; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2DEG; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-plane magnetic field; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.12.085
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yokoi, Hiroyuki
AU  - Kakudate, Yozo
AU  - Uchida, Kazuhito
AU  - Takeyama, Shojiro
AU  - Miura, Noboru
AU  - Kim, Yongmin
AU  - Karczewski, Grzegorz
AU  - Wojtowicz, Tomasz
AU  - Kossut, Jacek
T1  - Fine structure of photoluminescence spectra in a modulation-doped n-CdTe/(Cd,Mg,Mn)Te quantum well
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 636
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Spin-polarized photoluminescence spectra in tilted fields were measured to <f>60 T</f> at <f>1.5 K</f> in a modulation-doped n-CdTe/(Cd,Mg,Mn)Te single quantum well with the thickness of <f>10 nm</f> and the sheet electron density of <f>5.7×1011 cm−2</f>. A new <f>σ−</f>-polarized emission peak emerged on the higher energy side of a main peak in the <f>σ−</f> polarization around the Landau filling factor <f>ν</f> of 1. Magnetic field dependence of the main peak energy exhibited a novel two-step like behavior around <f>ν</f> of 0.9 and that of the peak intensity was observed to take local maximum there. With increasing the field angle, these features of the main peak disappeared. Temperature dependence of the profiles of these emission peaks was also investigated to <f>40 T</f> between 1.3 and <f>20 K</f>. Relative intensity of the new emission peak to the main one was found to decrease with increasing temperature. Taking into consideration that a larger Zeeman gap should be unfavorable to a spin-singlet charged exciton <f>(X−)</f> and degradation of quantum limit by thermal excitation could be unfavorable to a spin-triplet <f>X−</f>, the new peak is assigned to the spin-triplet <f>X−</f> and the main peak to the spin-singlet <f>X−</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - 78.20.Ls
KW  - 78.66.Hf
KW  - Modulation-doped CdTe single quantum well
KW  - Negatively charged exciton
KW  - Spin-polarized photoluminescence
KW  - Tilted field
N1  - Accession Number: 12788144; Yokoi, Hiroyuki 1; Email Address: yokoi-h@aist.go.jp Kakudate, Yozo 1 Uchida, Kazuhito 2 Takeyama, Shojiro 2 Miura, Noboru 2 Kim, Yongmin 3 Karczewski, Grzegorz 4 Wojtowicz, Tomasz 4 Kossut, Jacek 4; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan  2: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1-3, p636; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.20.Ls; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.66.Hf; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modulation-doped CdTe single quantum well; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negatively charged exciton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin-polarized photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tilted field; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2003.12.088
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arnaboldi, C.
AU  - Artusa, D.R.
AU  - Avignone III, F.T.
AU  - Balata, M.
AU  - Bandac, I.
AU  - Barucci, M.
AU  - Beeman, J.W.
AU  - Brofferio, C.
AU  - Bucci, C.
AU  - Capelli, S.
AU  - Capozzi, F.
AU  - Carbone, L.
AU  - Cebrian, S.
AU  - Cremonesi, O.
AU  - Creswick, R.J.
AU  - de Waard, A.
AU  - Farach, H.A.
AU  - Fascilla, A.
AU  - Fiorini, E.
AU  - Frossati, G.
T1  - First results on neutrinoless double beta decay of 130Te with the calorimetric CUORICINO experiment
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 584
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 260
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The first results are reported on the limit for neutrinoless double decay of 130Te obtained with the new bolometric experiment CUORICINO. The set-up consists of 44 cubic crystals of natural TeO2, 5 cm on the side and 18 crystals of <f>3×3×6</f> cm3. Four of these latter crystals are made with isotopically enriched materials: two in 128Te and two others in 130Te. With a sensitive mass of <f>∼40</f> kg, our array is by far the most massive running cryogenic detector to search for rare events. The array is operated at a temperature of <f>∼10</f> mK in a dilution refrigerator under a heavy shield in the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory at a depth of about 3500 m.w.e. The counting rate in the region of neutrinoless double beta decay is <f>∼0.2</f> counts keV−1 kg−1 y−1, among the lowest in this type of experiment. No evidence for neutrinoless double beta decay is found with the present statistics obtained in about three months with a live time of 72%. The corresponding lower limit for the lifetime of this process is of <f>5.5×1023</f> years at 90% C.L. The corresponding limit for the effective neutrino mass ranges between 0.37 to 1.9 eV depending on the theoretically calculated nuclear matrix elements used. This constraint is the most restrictive one except those obtained with Ge diodes, and is comparable to them. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - NEUTRINOLESS double beta decay
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - Double beta decay
KW  - Neutrino mass
N1  - Accession Number: 12435033; Arnaboldi, C. 1 Artusa, D.R. 2 Avignone III, F.T. 2 Balata, M. 3 Bandac, I. 2 Barucci, M. 4 Beeman, J.W. 5 Brofferio, C. 1 Bucci, C. 3 Capelli, S. 1 Capozzi, F. 1 Carbone, L. 1 Cebrian, S. 6 Cremonesi, O. 1 Creswick, R.J. 2 de Waard, A. 7 Farach, H.A. 2 Fascilla, A. 8 Fiorini, E. 1; Email Address: ettore.fiorini@mib.infn.it Frossati, G. 7; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Milano-Bicocca e Sezione di Milano dell'INFN, I-20126 Milano, Italy  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA  3: Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67010, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy  4: Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Firenze e Sezione di Firenze dell'INFN, I-50125 Firenze, Italy  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Laboratorio de Fisica Nuclear y Alta Energias, Universitad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain  7: Kamerling Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RAQ, Leiden, The Netherlands  8: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche e Matematiche dell'Università dell'Insubria e Sezione di Milano dell'INFN, I-22100 Como, Italy; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 584 Issue 3/4, p260; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: NEUTRINOLESS double beta decay; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double beta decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino mass; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.01.040
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12435033&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fabijonas, Bruce R.
AU  - Holm, Darryl D.
T1  - Craik–Criminale solutions and elliptic instability in nonlinear-reactive closure models for turbulence.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 853
EP  - 866
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - The Craik–Criminale class of exact solutions is examined for a nonlinear-reactive fluids theory that includes a family of turbulence closure models. These may be formally regarded as either large eddy simulation or Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes models of turbulence. All of the turbulence closure models in the class under investigation preserve the existence of elliptic instability, although they shift its angle of critical stability as a function of the rotation rate Ω of the coordinate system, the wave number β of the Kelvin wave, and the model parameter α, the turbulence correlation length. Elliptic instability allows a comparison among the properties of these models. It is emphasized that the physical mechanism for this instability is not wave–wave interaction, but rather wave, mean-flow interaction as governed by the choice of a model’s nonlinearity.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - REYNOLDS number
N1  - Accession Number: 12468692; Fabijonas, Bruce R. 1; Email Address: bfabi@mail.smu.edu Holm, Darryl D. 2,3; Email Address: dholm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0156.  2: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  3: Mathematics Department, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London 5W7 2AZ, United Kingdom.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p853; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: REYNOLDS number; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1638750
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cloutman, Lawrence D.
T1  - Differential diffusion in a shocked helium jet.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 991
EP  - 997
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - We present direct numerical simulations of a shock tube experiment in which a cylindrical laminar jet of helium doped with biacetyl is injected into air and subjected to a weak shock wave. Computed species distributions in a planar cross section of the jet are compared to planar laser-induced fluorescence images produced by the experiment. Given the qualitative nature of the published experimental images, the agreement with spatial flow features is quite good. We find that differential diffusion of species is an important feature of this experiment, leading to a significant decoupling of the helium and the biacetyl tracer. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - LAMINAR flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12468678; Cloutman, Lawrence D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p991; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: LAMINAR flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649338
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Litvak, Andrei A.
AU  - Fisch, Nathaniel J.
T1  - Rayleigh instability in Hall thrusters.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1379
EP  - 1383
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Gradient-driven Rayleigh-type instabilities in Hall plasma thrusters are analyzed using linearized two-fluid hydrodynamic equations. Necessary instability conditions and a general criterion for stability of azimuthally propagating perturbations are derived. For a simplified model of the axial distribution of parameters inside the thruster channel, the growth rate of an unstable wave, resonant with the azimuthal electron flow, is obtained. The frequency and phase relations are related to the results of experimental investigations of high-frequency oscillations in Hall thrusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAYLEIGH waves
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - AZIMUTHAL projection (Cartography)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12952548; Litvak, Andrei A. 1 Fisch, Nathaniel J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p1379; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH waves; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: AZIMUTHAL projection (Cartography); Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1647565
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng Zhang
AU  - Deng Zhou
AU  - Menard, Jonathan E.
T1  - Relaxed states for Ohmically driven tokamaks with an arbitrary aspect ratio.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1445
EP  - 1452
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The relaxed state of plasma in Ohmically driven tokamaks with an arbitrary aspect ratio is explored using the principle of minimum dissipation rate subject to the helicity and the energy balance. The resulting Euler-Lagrange equations are solved analytically and numerically. The self-consistent solutions of whole Euler-Lagrange equations as well as both helicity and energy balance equations are obtained numerically for the given parameters and boundary conditions. It is found that for low and general aspect ratio tokamaks, there exist different typical minimum dissipation states, corresponding respectively to different typical current profiles observed in experiments. It is also found that there exist different types of relaxed states in the different regions of the parameter space for a selected device. Each current profile mode is achieved by adjusting controllable parameters such as plasma resistivity, boundary toroidal magnetic field or boundary electric field. The results show that there exists a key parameter E0/ηB0 in determining the final relaxed states. The typical minimum dissipation state may evolve to other forms of states abruptly by increasing E0/ηB0 to be above a critical value. Three forms of current profile are presented for the low aspect ratio National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)]. The first form peaks in the edge of the high field side similar to the typical experimental form. The second peaks in the central region on the equatorial plane. The third may have a hole or reverse in the central region. Both the second and third states could be obtained by increasing E0/ηB0 to be above the critical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - BIOENERGETICS
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12952540; Cheng Zhang 1; Email Address: czhang@ipp.ac.cn Deng Zhou 1 Menard, Jonathan E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, People Republic of China.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p1445; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: BIOENERGETICS; Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649995
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952540&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milovich, J. L.
AU  - Amendt, P.
AU  - Marinak, M.
AU  - Robey, H.
T1  - Multimode short-wavelength perturbation growth studies for the National Ignition Facility double-shell ignition target designs.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1552
EP  - 1568
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Detailed multimode two-dimensional simulations of short-wavelength perturbations imposed on the material interfaces of a recently proposed indirect-drive double-shell ignition target [Amendt et al., Phys. Plasmas 9, 2221 (2002)] are presented. In this work, the effect of roughness imposed only on the surfaces of the inner shell is studied. Realistic perturbations are adopted from a measured spectrum of a glass capsule (as a surrogate for the high-Z inner shell). It is found that perturbing the inner surface of the inner shell shows minimal degradation in capsule performance. On the other hand, when roughness is imposed on the outer surface of the inner shell, the growth of large Legendre mode number perturbations (l>200) leads to shell breakup. Further analysis reveals a new pathway for the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability. L-shell radiation (>8 keV) from the high-Z hohlraum wall ablates the outer surface of the high-Z inner shell, promoting large outward expansion which is reversed by the converging outer shell. The classic conditions for RT instability are met: low density material pushing onto the higher density inner shell. It is shown that this effect can be controlled by tamping the outward expansion of the inner shell with a variety of materials. Simulations with separate CH and Ti tampers demonstrate that the redesigned capsule can withstand perturbations with high mode number content without exhibiting shell breakup. Furthermore, the outstanding question of determining the cutoff mode number (lc) is addressed by performing simulations with successively larger maximum l, reaching values beyond 1000, and calculating the mix width of the pusher/tamper interface for the CH-tamped case. These numerical studies suggest that the mix width approaches a constant value close to 40% of the shell width at peak compression. While not a proof that lc has been found, this result suggests that a mix-relevant mode number may be within reach of current simulation capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - RAYLEIGH waves
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - GEODYNAMICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12952529; Milovich, J. L. 1; Email Address: milovichl@llnl.gov Amendt, P. 1 Marinak, M. 1 Robey, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p1552; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH waves; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: GEODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646161
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Collins, T. J. B.
AU  - Knauer, J. P.
AU  - Betti, R.
AU  - Boehly, T. R.
AU  - Delettrez, J. A.
AU  - Goncharov, V. N.
AU  - Meyerhofer, D. D.
AU  - McKenty, P. W.
AU  - Skupsky, S.
AU  - Town, R. P. J.
T1  - Reduction of the ablative Rayleigh–Taylor growth rate with Gaussian picket pulses.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1569
EP  - 1576
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The effect of a Gaussian prepulse (picket pulse) before a "drive" pulse on the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability growth rate was measured for single-mode, 20-, 30-, and 60-μm-wavelength mass perturbations. These data, from the OMEGA [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] laser system, show that the measured RT growth of mass perturbations was reduced when a picket pulse was used. The picket pulse and subsequent relaxation period, before the drive pulse, cause the foil to expand and rarefy, resulting in higher ablation velocities during the drive pulse and greater ablative stabilization. This effect was examined both computationally and experimentally for different picket-pulse intensities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
KW  - GAUSSIAN beams
KW  - RAYLEIGH waves
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12952528; Collins, T. J. B. 1; Email Address: tcol@lle.rochester.edu Knauer, J. P. 1 Betti, R. 1,2,3 Boehly, T. R. 1 Delettrez, J. A. 1 Goncharov, V. N. 1,2 Meyerhofer, D. D. 1,2,3 McKenty, P. W. 1 Skupsky, S. 1 Town, R. P. J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299.  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester.  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p1569; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN beams; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH waves; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649994
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952528&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esaulov, A.
AU  - Bauer, B. S.
AU  - Lindemuth, I. R.
AU  - Makhin, V.
AU  - Presura, R.
AU  - Ryutov, D. D.
AU  - Sheehey, P. T.
AU  - Siemon, R. E.
AU  - Sotnikov, V. I.
T1  - Magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the inverse-pinch plasma discharge.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1589
EP  - 1599
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A wall confined plasma in an inverse-pinch configuration holds potential as a plasma target for Magnetized Target Fusion (MTF) as well as a simple geometry to study wall-confined plasma. An experiment is planned to study the inverse-pinch configuration using the Zebra Z pinch [B. S. Bauer et at, AlP Conference Proceedings Vol. 409 (American Institute of Physics, Melville, 1997), p. 153] of the Nevada Terawatt Facility at the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR). The dynamics of the discharge formation have been analyzed using analytic models and numerical methods. Strong heating occurs by thermalization of directed energy when an outward moving current sheet (the inverse pinch effect) collides with the outer wall of the experimental chamber. Two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations show Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov like modes of instability, as expected because of the shock acceleration during plasma formation phase. The instabilities are not disruptive, hut give rise to a mild level of turbulence. The conclusion from this work is that an interesting experiment relevant to wall confinement for MTF could be done using existing equipment at UNR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - THERMAL neutrons
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - COLLISIONLESS plasmas
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 12952526; Esaulov, A. 1 Bauer, B. S. 1 Lindemuth, I. R. 1,2 Makhin, V. 1 Presura, R. 1 Ryutov, D. D. 1 Sheehey, P. T. 1,3 Siemon, R. E. 1 Sotnikov, V. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557.  2: Alamos National laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 57545.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p1589; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: THERMAL neutrons; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: COLLISIONLESS plasmas; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1650354
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strobel, George L.
AU  - Haan, Steven W.
AU  - Dittrich, Thomas R.
T1  - Low mode surface perturbation tolerance of ignition capsule implosions for the National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1617
EP  - 1621
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The stability of a capsule intended to produce ignition on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [J. A. Paisner, J. D. Boyes, S. A. Kumpan, W. H. Lowdermilk, and M. S. Sorem, Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)] is examined. Sensitivity to target fabrication defects in spherical harmonics modes L &les; 12 is quantified in terms of a mode dependent tolerance to surface perturbations. Simulations of NIF capsule implosions with single mode perturbations on a single surface allow the determination of modal growth factors. Simulations with large initial perturbations were also done to determine how large a final perturbation could he tolerated. Combining the growth factors and tolerances determines specifications on initial perturbations. This allows an estimate of modal tolerance for each capsule surface and thickness variation for a polyimide ablator capsule design with central gas fills of 0.3 or 0.6 mg/cm³. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - AUTOMOBILE ignition
KW  - POLYIMIDES
KW  - IMIDES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12952523; Strobel, George L. 1; Email Address: strobell@llnl.gov Haan, Steven W. 2 Dittrich, Thomas R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p1617; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE ignition; Subject Term: POLYIMIDES; Subject Term: IMIDES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1668644
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952523&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Litvak, Andrei A.
AU  - Raitses, Yevgeny
AU  - Fisch, Nathaniel J.
T1  - Experimental studies of high-frequency azimuthal waves in Hall thrusters.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1701
EP  - 1705
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - High-frequency oscillations (1-100 MHz) are drawing significant attention in the recent research of Hall thrusters. A diagnostic setup, consisting of single Langmuir probe, special shielded probe connector-positioner, and electronic impedance-matching circuit, was successfully built and calibrated. Through simultaneous high-frequency probing of the Hall-thruster plasma at multiple locations, high-frequency plasma waves have been successfully identified and characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - AZIMUTHAL projection (Cartography)
KW  - PLASMA frequencies
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - PLASMA waves
N1  - Accession Number: 12952511; Litvak, Andrei A. 1 Raitses, Yevgeny 1 Fisch, Nathaniel J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, PO Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p1701; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: AZIMUTHAL projection (Cartography); Subject Term: PLASMA frequencies; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1634564
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952511&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Langan, Paul
AU  - Schoenborn, Benno P.
T1  - New Facilities Expand Protein Crystallography Opportunities.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 57
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor in response to the article "Neutron Diffraction Overcomes Flux Limits to Resolve a Large Protein Structure," in the November 2003 issue of "Physics Today."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12761832; Langan, Paul 1; Email Address: langan_paul@lanl.gov Schoenborn, Benno P. 1; Email Address: schoenborn@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 57 Issue 4, p19; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 402
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rogers, A.
AU  - Allen, D.J.
AU  - Davey, P.A.
AU  - Morgan, P.B.
AU  - Ainsworth, E.A.
AU  - Bernacchi, C.J.
AU  - Cornic, G.
AU  - Dermody, O.
AU  - Dohleman, F.G.
AU  - Heaton, E.A.
AU  - Mahoney, J.
AU  - Zhu, X.-G.
AU  - Delucia, E.H.
AU  - Ort, D.R.
AU  - Long, S.P.
T1  - Leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrate dynamics of soybeans grown throughout their life-cycle under Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment.
JO  - Plant, Cell & Environment
JF  - Plant, Cell & Environment
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
EP  - 458
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 01407791
AB  - A lower than theoretically expected increase in leaf photosynthesis with long-term elevation of carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) is often attributed to limitations in the capacity of the plant to utilize the additional photosynthate, possibly resulting from restrictions in rooting volume, nitrogen supply or genetic constraints. Field-grown, nitrogen-fixing soybean with indeterminate flowering might therefore be expected to escape these limitations. Soybean was grown from emergence to grain maturity in ambient air (372  µmol mol−1[CO2]) and in air enriched with CO2 (552  µmol mol−1[CO2]) using Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) technology. The diurnal courses of leaf CO2 uptake ( A) and stomatal conductance ( gs) for upper canopy leaves were followed throughout development from the appearance of the first true leaf to the completion of seed filling. Across the growing season the daily integrals of leaf photosynthetic CO2 uptake ( A′) increased by 24.6% in elevated [CO2] and the average mid-day gs decreased by 21.9%. The increase in A′ was about half the 44.5% theoretical maximum increase calculated from Rubisco kinetics. There was no evidence that the stimulation of A was affected by time of day, as expected if elevated [CO2] led to a large accumulation of leaf carbohydrates towards the end of the photoperiod. In general, the proportion of assimilated carbon that accumulated in the leaf as non-structural carbohydrate over the photoperiod was small (< 10%) and independent of [CO2] treatment. By contrast to A′, daily integrals of PSII electron transport measured by modulated chlorophyll fluorescence were not significantly increased by elevated [CO2]. This indicates that A at elevated [CO2] in these field conditions was predominantly ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RubP) limited rather than Rubisco limited. There was no evidence of any loss of stimulation toward the end of the growing season; the largest stimulation of A′ occurred during late seed filling. The stimulation of photosynthesis was, however, transiently lost for a brief period just before seed fill. At this point, daytime accumulation of foliar carbohydrates was maximal, and the hexose:sucrose ratio in plants grown at elevated [CO2] was significantly larger than that in plants grown at current [CO2]. The results show that even for a crop lacking the constraints that have been considered to limit the responses of C3 plants to rising [CO2] in the long term, the actual increase in A over the growing season is considerably less than the increase predicted from theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant, Cell & Environment is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Photobiology
KW  - Soybean
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - Photosynthates
KW  - atmospheric change
KW  - chlorophyll fluorescence
KW  - Glycine max
N1  - Accession Number: 12580831; Rogers, A. 1,2; Allen, D.J. 3,4; Davey, P.A. 1,3; Morgan, P.B. 3; Ainsworth, E.A. 1; Bernacchi, C.J. 3,4; Cornic, G. 5; Dermody, O. 3; Dohleman, F.G. 1; Heaton, E.A. 1; Mahoney, J. 2; Zhu, X.-G. 3; Delucia, E.H. 3; Ort, D.R. 1,3,4; Long, S.P. 1,3; Email Address: stevel@life.uiuc.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois; 2: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; 3: Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois; 4: Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA/ARS, University of Illinois; 5: Laboratory D'écophysiologie Végétale, Université Paris XI, France; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p449; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Photobiology; Thesaurus Term: Soybean; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Carbohydrates; Subject Term: Photosynthates; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric change; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorophyll fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycine max; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111110 Soybean Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01163.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12580831&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunham, Greg
AU  - Bailey, J.E.
AU  - Carlson, A.
AU  - Lake, P.
AU  - Knudson, M.D.
T1  - Diagnostic methods for time-resolved optical spectroscopy of shocked liquid deuterium.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 75
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 928
EP  - 935
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Sandia National Laboratories Z facility generates shocks in liquid deuterium with pressures up to 100 GPa. Temperature measurements using spectroscopy of the shocked D[sub 2] self-emission can help discriminate between different deuterium equation of state models. Time-resolved spectra are recorded using four diagnostic systems, each composed of a fiber optic probe that transmits light from the shocked D[sub 2] to a remote streaked spectrometer. Calibration of the entire system in the streaked mode is performed using a xenon arc lamp. The absolute xenon arc lamp spectrum is determined by comparison with National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards. Data analysis is performed by measuring the wavelength-dependent efficiency for each system and applying this to determine the shocked D[sub 2] self-emission spectrum. Temperature is deduced from either the wavelength dependence of the spectral radiance, ignoring the absolute intensity, or from both the wavelength dependence and the absolute intensity. The shocked D[sub 2] temperature uncertainties obtained with the methods described here are well below the differences between D[sub 2] equation of state (EOS) models and these measurements should therefore provide new insight into D[sub 2] EOS physics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 12595717; Dunham, Greg 1; Email Address: gsdunha@sandia.gov Bailey, J.E. 2 Carlson, A. 2 Lake, P. 2 Knudson, M.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ktech Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 75 Issue 4, p928; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651632
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12595717&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oks, E.M.
AU  - Anders, A.
AU  - Brown, I.G.
T1  - Some effects of magnetic field on a hollow cathode ion source.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 75
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1030
EP  - 1033
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A simple hollow cathode “cold wall” dc gaseous ion source with magnetic field was investigated. Parameters of the plasma and ion beam were measured as a function of magnetic field. The extracted ion current shows a nonmonotonic behavior as function of magnetic field strength but the magnetic field distribution had only little influence on the current-voltage characteristics and on all other derived plasma and beam parameters. Analysis of our experimental conditions indicates that the observed nonmonotonic behavior is associated with a change in the ratio of electron Larmor radius to cathode sheath thickness. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - DIRECT currents
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 12595701; Oks, E.M. 1; Email Address: oks@opee.hcei.tsc.ru Anders, A. 2 Brown, I.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: High Current Electronics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, California; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 75 Issue 4, p1030; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: DIRECT currents; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651633
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holm, Aaron Patrick
AU  - Pecharsky, Vitalij K.
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., Karl A.
AU  - Rink, Roger
AU  - Jirmanus, Munir N.
T1  - X-ray powder diffractometer for in situ structural studies in magnetic fields from 0 to 35 kOe between 2.2 and 315 K.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 75
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1081
EP  - 1088
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A technique for studying magnetic field induced structural changes at the atomic resolution is described. The instrument involves the coupling of a high resolution laboratory x-ray powder diffractometer, a helium flow cryostat, and a split-coil superconducting magnet allowing for in situ structural studies in a magnetic field between 0 to 35 kOe, and a temperature between 2.2 to 315 K. The data collected from a copper sample, which is used as a standard, at temperatures down to 4.3 K and in fields up to 10 kOe are presented. The ability to image massive magnetic field induced structural transformations is demonstrated utilizing powder diffraction data of Gd[sub 5]Ge[sub 4] collected under both isothermal and isofield conditions at various temperatures below 15 K and magnetic fields up to 35 kOe. These results show the utility of our approach to obtain high precision structural information in the presence of a strong magnetic field. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - X-rays
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 12595693; Holm, Aaron Patrick 1 Pecharsky, Vitalij K. 1,2 Gschneidner Jr., Karl A. 1,2 Rink, Roger 1 Jirmanus, Munir N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa  3: Janis Research COmpany, Inc., Wilmington, Massachusetts; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 75 Issue 4, p1081; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667253
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12595693&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Datskos, P.G.
AU  - Lavrik, N.V.
AU  - Rajic, S.
T1  - Performance of uncooled microcantilever thermal detectors.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 75
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1134
EP  - 1148
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - It has recently been shown that bimaterial microcantilevers can be used as uncooled infrared detectors. Bimaterial microcantilevers deform as their temperature changes due to the absorption of infrared photons. Infrared imaging using uncooled cantilever arrays has already been achieved by a number of groups. In this paper, we examined the performance of microcantilevers as uncooled infrared detectors with optical readout. As in the case of other kinds of uncooled thermal infrared detectors, temperature fluctuation noise and background fluctuation noise are fundamental limits to the performance of microcantilever thermal detectors. Since microcantilevers are mechanical devices, thermo-mechanical noise will also influence their performance. We fabricated a SiN[sub x] microcantilever thermal detector with an Al layer in the bimaterial region. For the microcantilever geometry and materials used, the background fluctuation noise equivalent temperature difference, NETD[sub BF], calculated for f/1 optics and a 30 Hz frame rate was found to be 1.26 mK. The NETD[sub TF], limited by temperature fluctuation noise, was calculated to be 7.4 mK while the thermo-mechanical NETD[sub TM] was calculated to be 5.3 mK. The sum of all fundamental noise sources, including the intrinsic noise of the “optical lever” readout, results in a total NETD of 9.2 mK. Absence of the readout noise would improve this parameter by only 2%. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED detectors
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - INFRARED equipment
KW  - PHOTOELECTRIC cells
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12595686; Datskos, P.G. 1,2; Email Address: datskospg@ornl.gov Lavrik, N.V. 1 Rajic, S. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 75 Issue 4, p1134; Subject Term: INFRARED detectors; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: INFRARED equipment; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRIC cells; Subject Term: PHOTONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667257
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12595686&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mon, Kevin G.
AU  - Bullard, Bryan E.
AU  - Mehta, Sunil
AU  - Lee, Joon H.
T1  - Waste Package Performance Evaluations for the Proposed High-Level Nuclear Waste Repository at Yucca Mountain.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 4363
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The evaluation studies of the proposed repository for long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, are underway. Fulfillment of the requirements for limiting dose to the public, which includes containment of the radioactive waste emplaced in the proposed repository and subsequent slow release of radionuclides from the Engineered Barrier System (EBS) into the geosphere, will rely on a robust waste container design, among other EBS components. Part of the evaluation process involves sensitivity studies aimed at elucidating which model parameters contribute most to the waste package and overlying drip shield degradation characteristics. The model parameters identified for this study include (1) general corrosion rate parameters and (2) stress corrosion cracking (SCC) parameters. Temperature dependence and parameter uncertainty are evaluated for the general corrosion rate model parameters while for the SCC model parameters, uncertainty treatment of stress intensity factor, crack initiation threshold, and manufacturing flaw orientations are evaluated. Based on these evaluations new uncertainty distributions are generated and recommended for future analyses. Also, early waste package failures due to improper heat treatment were added to the waste package degradation model. The results of these investigations indicate that the waste package failure profiles are governed by the manufacturing flaw orientation model parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Corrosion & anti-corrosives
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Stress corrosion
KW  - Stochastic analysis
KW  - corrosion
KW  - nuclear waste
KW  - Stochastic simulation
KW  - stress corrosion cracking
KW  - uncertainty
KW  - variability
KW  - variance partitioning
N1  - Accession Number: 12753692; Mon, Kevin G. 1; Email Address: Kevin_Mon@ymp.gov; Bullard, Bryan E. 1; Mehta, Sunil 1; Lee, Joon H. 2; Affiliations: 1: Framatome ANP, 1180 Town Center Drive, Las Vegas, NV 89144; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, 1180 Town Center Drive, Las Vegas, NV 89144; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p425; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Corrosion & anti-corrosives; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Stress corrosion; Subject Term: Stochastic analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress corrosion cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: variance partitioning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00444.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, J. Arlin
T1  - Soft Markov chain relations for modeling organizational behavior.
JO  - Risk, Decision & Policy
JF  - Risk, Decision & Policy
Y1  - 2004/04//Apr-Jun2004
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
EP  - 188
SN  - 13575309
AB  - Organizations have various neural characteristics in that organizational subsystems interact with each other through communication, influences, and direct actions, each of which can have positive or negative weight, and where architecture and weights can be reconfigured based on subsystem and system output metrics that are compared to overall goals. In a Markov chain model of these interrelations, actions depend on the individual behaviors of particular subsystems, the time at which the subsystem is responding, and the history of occurrences leading up to the response time. Aggregation of effects leading to a result is rarely linear, so a nonlinear weighted sure called "chained sort aggregation" is proposed as an appropriate model. The method is readily combined with any available objective information in a hybrid analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk, Decision & Policy is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Markov processes
KW  - Stochastic processes
KW  - Organizational behavior
KW  - Management
KW  - Organization
N1  - Accession Number: 14094149; Cooper, J. Arlin 1; Email Address: acooper@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0490 USA; Issue Info: Apr-Jun2004, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p177; Subject Term: Markov processes; Subject Term: Stochastic processes; Subject Term: Organizational behavior; Subject Term: Management; Subject Term: Organization; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14664530490464914
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, A. C.
AU  - Hosking, F. M.
AU  - Reece, M.
T1  - Visual observations of liquid filler metal flow within braze gap.
JO  - Science & Technology of Welding & Joining
JF  - Science & Technology of Welding & Joining
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 102
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13621718
AB  - An in situ visualisation technique has been developed to observe liquid metal flow through a controlled gap. The technique can image and measure brazing filler metal flow velocities, positions, contact angles, and fillet shape. The system captures the two-dimensional fluid flow kinetics common in most capillary driven processes. It consists of a fully integrated, digital, closed loop heating station and a high speed digital camera. The apparatus provides an accessible approach for gathering dynamic braze wetting and flow data that are normally difficult to obtain in a furnace environment. Braze flow displacement curves are generated from the processed camera images. The flow data are being used to calibrate and validate a braze flow model that will predict the effects of dissolution, diffusion, compositional changes, and solidification on capillary fill and fillet geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science & Technology of Welding & Joining is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - METALS
KW  - DIGITAL cameras
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - braze metal flow
KW  - CAPILLARY
KW  - capillary flow
KW  - fillet formation
KW  - FLOW
N1  - Accession Number: 13185876; Hall, A. C. 1; Email Address: achall@sandia.gov Hosking, F. M. 1 Reece, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Mail Stop 1130, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p95; Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: DIGITAL cameras; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: braze metal flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: CAPILLARY; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillary flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: fillet formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: FLOW; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/136217104225017017
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13185876&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, A. C.
AU  - Robino, C. V.
T1  - Association of microstructural features and rippling phenomenon in 304 stainless steel gas tungsten arc welds.
JO  - Science & Technology of Welding & Joining
JF  - Science & Technology of Welding & Joining
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 108
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13621718
AB  - High speed, high magnification video microscopy has been used to investigate rippling behaviour in autogenous 304 stainless steel gas tungsten arc (GTA) welds. Images of the trailing edge of a weld pool (solid-liquid interface) were collected during the welding process. Weld ripple formation was observed and the associated solid-liquid interface velocity was measured. A distinct sequence of events was observed each time a ripple formed. This sequence of events involved apparent changes in the solid-liquid interface velocity, dendrite morphology, and dendrite growth direction. The microstructures of a group of rippled welds were examined and a number of features associated with the rippling phenomenon were identified. These features included changes in the pattern of the interdendritic constituents and changes in the solute distribution across the ripple feature. This information coupled with the video images was used to explain more fully the weld rippling phenomenon and the origins of microstructural changes associated with it. It is shown that solute redistribution occurs in the weld on a length scale associated with the ripple features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science & Technology of Welding & Joining is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIDEO microscopy
KW  - SPEED
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - GAS tungsten arc welding
KW  - WELDED joints
KW  - DENDRITES
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - fe-ni-cr
KW  - GAS TUNGSTEN ARC
KW  - GTA WELD
KW  - OSCILLATION
KW  - rippling
KW  - SEGREGATION
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - solute partitioning
KW  - solute redistribution
KW  - solute rejection
KW  - STAINLESS STEEL
KW  - WELD POOL
KW  - weld pool oscillation
N1  - Accession Number: 13185872; Hall, A. C. 1; Email Address: achall@sandia.gov Robino, C. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Mail Stop 1130, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p103; Subject Term: VIDEO microscopy; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: GAS tungsten arc welding; Subject Term: WELDED joints; Subject Term: DENDRITES; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: fe-ni-cr; Author-Supplied Keyword: GAS TUNGSTEN ARC; Author-Supplied Keyword: GTA WELD; Author-Supplied Keyword: OSCILLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: rippling; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEGREGATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOLIDIFICATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute redistribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: solute rejection; Author-Supplied Keyword: STAINLESS STEEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: WELD POOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: weld pool oscillation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/136217104225017008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Studham, Scott
T1  - Commoditization of High Performance Storage.
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
EP  - 48
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Discusses commoditization of high performance storage technology.  Building of peta-scale file system using commodity disks; Advantages of using advanced technology attachment drives; Factors that influence storage purchasing decisions.
KW  - CATALOGING of computer files
KW  - COMPUTER files
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - COMPUTERS
N1  - Accession Number: 12860121; Studham, Scott 1; Email Address: sceditor@scimag.com; Affiliation:  1: Associate Director for Advanced Computing, Computational Sciences and Mathematics at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p14; Subject Term: CATALOGING of computer files; Subject Term: COMPUTER files; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hopkins, Derek
AU  - Alexander, Michael
AU  - Swanson, Kenneth
AU  - Bushbach, Michael
T1  - Control System for an Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer.
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 47
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Discusses the development of a control system for an ion trap mass spectrometer that is both inexpensive and configurable platform.  Benefits of the control system; Overview of the control hardware; Specifications of the control and acquisition hardware; Functions of the control hardware.
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - COMPUTER hardware description languages
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)
N1  - Accession Number: 12860191; Hopkins, Derek 1 Alexander, Michael 1 Swanson, Kenneth 1 Bushbach, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p18; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: COMPUTER hardware description languages; Subject Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Subject Term: PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brady, M.P.
AU  - Weisbrod, K.
AU  - Paulauskas, I.
AU  - Buchanan, R.A.
AU  - More, K.L.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Wilson, M.
AU  - Garzon, F.
AU  - Walker, L.R.
T1  - Preferential thermal nitridation to form pin-hole free Cr-nitrides to protect proton exchange membrane fuel cell metallic bipolar plates
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 50
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1017
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Preferential thermal nitridation was used to form a pin-hole defect free CrN/Cr2N surface on a model Ni–Cr alloy. Excellent corrosion resistance and negligible contact resistance increase was observed over a 4100 h exposure in 80 °C sulfuric acid and when used as a metallic bipolar plate in a 1000 h proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell test. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - CORROSION resistant alloys
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - CHROMIUM alloys
KW  - Coating
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Electrical properties
KW  - Electrochemistry
KW  - Nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 12168250; Brady, M.P. 1; Email Address: bradymp@ornl.gov Weisbrod, K. 2 Paulauskas, I. 3 Buchanan, R.A. 3 More, K.L. 1 Wang, H. 4 Wilson, M. 2 Garzon, F. 2 Walker, L.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics, ms 6115, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 50 Issue 7, p1017; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: CORROSION resistant alloys; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: CHROMIUM alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.12.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henager Jr., Charles H.
AU  - Hoagland, Richard G.
T1  - Dislocation core fields and forces in FCC metals
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 50
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1091
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Atomistic models were used to obtain dislocation core fields for edge, screw, and mixed dislocations in Al and Cu. Core fields are analyzed using a line force dipole representation with unequal dipole moments. The core field contribution to the force between dislocations is shown to be significant for interactions within 50b. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Analytical methods
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Lattice defects
KW  - Modelling
KW  - Molecular dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12168263; Henager Jr., Charles H. 1; Email Address: chuck.henager@pnl.gov Hoagland, Richard G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd. MS P8-15, Richland, WA 99335-0999, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 50 Issue 7, p1091; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heuze, F.
AU  - Archuleta, R.
AU  - Bonilla, F.
AU  - Day, S.
AU  - Doroudian, M.
AU  - Elgamal, A.
AU  - Gonzales, S.
AU  - Hoehler, M.
AU  - Lai, T.
AU  - Lavallee, D.
AU  - Lawrence, B.
AU  - Liu, P.-C.
AU  - Martin, A.
AU  - Matesic, L.
AU  - Minster, B.
AU  - Mellors, R.
AU  - Oglesby, D.
AU  - Park, S.
AU  - Riemer, M.
AU  - Steidl, J.
T1  - Estimating site-specific strong earthquake motions
JO  - Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261)
JF  - Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261)
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
SN  - 02677261
AB  - The Campus Earthquake Program (CEP) of the University of California (UC) started in March 1996, and involved a partnership among seven campuses of the UC—Berkeley, Davis, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz—and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The aim of the CEP was to provide University campuses with site-specific assessments of their earthquake strong motion exposure, to complement estimates they obtain from consultants according to the state-of-the-practice (SOP), i.e. Building Codes (UBC 97, IBC 2000), and Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA). The Building Codes are highly simplified tools, while the more sophisticated PSHA is still somewhat generic in its approach because it usually draws from many earthquakes not necessarily related to the faults threatening the site under study.Between 1996 and 2001, the site-specific studies focused on three campuses: Riverside, San Diego, and Santa Barbara. Each campus selected 1–3 sites to demonstrate the methods and procedures used by the CEP: Rivera Library and Parking Lots (PL) 13 and 16 at UCR, Thornton Hospital, the Cancer Center, and PL 601 at UCSD, and Engineering I building at UCSB. The project provided an estimate of strong ground motions at each selected site, for selected earthquake scenarios. These estimates were obtained by using an integrated geological, seismological, geophysical, and geotechnical approach, that brings together the capabilities of campus and laboratory personnel. Most of the site-specific results are also applicable to risk evaluation of other sites on the respective campuses.The CEP studies have provided a critical assessment of whether existing campus seismic design bases are appropriate. Generally speaking, the current assumptions are not acknowledging the severity of the majority of expected motions. Eventually, both the results from the SOP and from the CEP should be analyzed, to arrive at decisions concerning the design-basis for buildings on UC campuses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261) is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUILDINGS -- Earthquake effects
KW  - BUILDING law & legislation
KW  - EARTHQUAKE resistant design
KW  - Building codes
KW  - Earthquakes
KW  - Empirical Green's functions
KW  - Nonlinear soil dynamics
KW  - probabilistic seismic hazard analyses
KW  - Seismic syntheses
KW  - Strong motions
KW  - Theoretical Green's functions
KW  - Vertical seismic arrays
N1  - Accession Number: 12235624; Heuze, F. 1; Email Address: heuze@llnl.gov Archuleta, R. 2 Bonilla, F. 2 Day, S. 3 Doroudian, M. 4 Elgamal, A. 5 Gonzales, S. 3 Hoehler, M. 1 Lai, T. 5 Lavallee, D. 2 Lawrence, B. 6 Liu, P.-C. 2 Martin, A. 2 Matesic, L. 4 Minster, B. 5 Mellors, R. 3 Oglesby, D. 6 Park, S. 6 Riemer, M. 7 Steidl, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA  3: San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA  4: University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA  5: University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA  6: University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA  7: University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p199; Subject Term: BUILDINGS -- Earthquake effects; Subject Term: BUILDING law & legislation; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKE resistant design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building codes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earthquakes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Empirical Green's functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear soil dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: probabilistic seismic hazard analyses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seismic syntheses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strong motions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theoretical Green's functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vertical seismic arrays; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.soildyn.2003.11.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlegel, G.O.
AU  - Burkholder, F.W.
AU  - Klein, S.A.
AU  - Beckman, W.A.
AU  - Wood, B.D.
AU  - Muhs, J.D.
T1  - Analysis of a full spectrum hybrid lighting system
JO  - Solar Energy
JF  - Solar Energy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 76
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
SN  - 0038092X
AB  - Hybrid lighting is a new approach to lighting that integrates light from natural and electric sources. A two-axis tracking concentrator collects beam radiation which is reflected onto a mirror that divides the solar radiation into infrared and visible spectra. The visible light is distributed through optical fibers and combined with fluorescent lighting in specially designed luminaires. The infrared portion of the spectrum is used to generate electricity using a thermal photovoltaic array. A simulation of a hybrid lighting system has been created using the TRNSYS transient simulation program. The simulation incorporates the spectral properties of the hybrid lighting components as well as the spectral distribution of the incoming solar radiation that is based upon output from the SMARTS atmospheric transmittance model. An office building model is coupled with the hybrid lighting simulation to predict the annual energy impact upon lighting, heating, and cooling loads. Simulations were performed in six locations within the United States. Hybrid lighting systems performed best in Honolulu, HI and Tucson, AZ justifying system capital costs of $2410 and $1995 per module, respectively, based on a 10 year payback period. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Electricity
KW  - Lighting
KW  - Beam dynamics
KW  - Photoelectricity
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Building simulation
KW  - Concentrator
KW  - Economics
KW  - Optical fiber
KW  - Thermal photovoltaics
N1  - Accession Number: 11889400; Schlegel, G.O. 1; Burkholder, F.W. 1; Klein, S.A. 1; Beckman, W.A. 1; Email Address: beckman@engr.wisc.edu; Wood, B.D. 2; Muhs, J.D. 3; Affiliations: 1: Solar Energy Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53705, USA; 2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada–Reno, Mail Stop 312, Reno, NV 89557, USA; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 76 Issue 4, p359; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Thesaurus Term: Electricity; Subject Term: Lighting; Subject Term: Beam dynamics; Subject Term: Photoelectricity; Subject Term: Solar radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Concentrator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Economics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal photovoltaics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335129 Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solener.2003.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - G. V. Last
AU  - V. J. Rohay
AU  - F. J. Schelling
AU  - A. L. Bunn
AU  - M. A. Delamare
AU  - R. L. Dirkes
AU  - R. D. Hildebr
AU  - J. G. Morse
AU  - B. A. Napier
AU  - R. G. Riley
AU  - L. Soler
AU  - P. D. Thorne
T1  - A comprehensive and systematic approach to developing and documenting conceptual models of contaminant release and migration at the Hanford Site.
JO  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
JF  - Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 116
SN  - 14363240
AB  - The U. S. Department of Energy?s Richland Operations Office has initiated efforts to adapt and implement the features, events, and processes (FEP) methodology used in scenario development for nuclear waste disposal programs to the environmental management and remediation problems facing the Hanford site. These efforts have shown that modification of the FEPs methodology to incorporate the use of process relationship diagrams (PRD) is effective in facilitating the development of conceptual models and selection of potentially relevant factors (i.e., FEPs) to be incorporated into a specific environmental assessment. In adopting this methodology for Hanford, a master PRD was created to provide a structure to identify these factors and to illustrate the relationships among them. The organizational framework of the master PRD was developed to match the organization of current Hanford site-wide environmental assessment activities and to facilitate screening of the FEPs relevant to the specific assessments needed for the site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL management
KW  - INDUSTRIAL organization (Management)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12697792; G. V. Last 1 V. J. Rohay 2 F. J. Schelling 3 A. L. Bunn 1 M. A. Delamare 4 R. L. Dirkes 1 R. D. Hildebr 5 J. G. Morse 5 B. A. Napier 1 R. G. Riley 1 L. Soler 4 P. D. Thorne 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) 999 Richland WA 99352 USA  2: CH2M HILL Hanford, Inc 3190 George Washington Way Richland WA 99352 USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories 5800 Albuquerque NM 87185-0778 USA  4: Bechtel Hanford Inc. 3350 George Washington Way Richland WA 99352 USA  5: U.S. Department of Energy Richland Operations Office 550 Richland WA 99352 USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p109; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL management; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL organization (Management); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregory P. Sullivan
AU  - P.E.
AU  - C.E.M.
AU  - Aldo P. Melendez
AU  - Ray Pugh
T1  - FEMP'S O&M Best Practices Guide A Guide to Achieving Operational Efficiency.
JO  - Strategic Planning for Energy & the Environment
JF  - Strategic Planning for Energy & the Environment
Y1  - 2004///Spring2004
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 40
EP  - 52
SN  - 10485236
AB  - The Federal Energy Management Program's (FEMP's) Operations and Maintenance Best Practices Guide (O&M BPG) highlights O&M programs targeting energy efficiency, which are estimated to save 5 percent to 20 percent on energy bills without a significant capital investment. Depending on the federal site, these savings can represent thousands to hundreds of thousands of dollars each year, and many can be achieved with minimal cash outlays. In addition to energy/resource savings, a well-run O&M program will: • Increase the safety of all staff because properly maintained equipment is safer equipment. • Ensure the comfort, health, and safety of building occupants through properly functioning equipment, providing a healthy indoor environment. • Confirm the design life expectancy of equipment is achieved. • Facilitate compliance with federal legislation such as the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act.The focus of this guide is to provide the federal O&M/energy manager and practitioner with information and actions aimed at achieving these savings and benefits. The O&M BPG was developed under the direction of the Department of Energy's Federal Energy Management Program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Strategic Planning for Energy & the Environment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Operations research
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Total quality management
N1  - Accession Number: 19673412; Gregory P. Sullivan; P.E.; C.E.M. 1; Aldo P. Melendez 1; Ray Pugh 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Spring2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p40; Thesaurus Term: Buildings; Subject Term: Operations research; Subject Term: Best practices; Subject Term: Total quality management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romero, V.J.
AU  - Swiler, L.P.
AU  - Giunta, A.A.
T1  - Construction of response surfaces based on progressive-lattice-sampling experimental designs with application to uncertainty propagation
JO  - Structural Safety
JF  - Structural Safety
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
SN  - 01674730
AB  - Response surface functions are often used as simple and inexpensive replacements for computationally expensive computer models that simulate the behavior of a complex system over some parameter space. Here we examine several data fitting and interpolation techniques (finite-element interpolation, kriging, and polynomial regression) that can be used to construct a sequence of progressively upgraded response surface approximations based on Progressive Lattice Sampling (PLS) incremental experimental designs. PLS is a paradigm for structured sampling of a hypercube parameter space by placing and incrementally adding samples at each level of the design in a manner intended to efficiently leverage the samples at all previous levels. When combined with compatible interpolation methods, PLS can be used to construct efficiently upgradable response surface approximations. Upon upgrading, convergence heuristics are gained that can be used to estimate the magnitude of the approximation error entailed in the response surface. The three interpolation methods tried here are examined for fitting and convergence behavior in several test problems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structural Safety is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - Experimental design
KW  - Fitting and interpolation
KW  - Response surfaces
KW  - Uncertainty analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 11607463; Romero, V.J.; Email Address: vjromer@sandia.gov Swiler, L.P. 1 Giunta, A.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0828, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p201; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fitting and interpolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Response surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty analysis; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.strusafe.2003.03.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snell, Gyorgy
AU  - Cork, Carl
AU  - Nordmeyer, Robert
AU  - Cornell, Earl
AU  - Meigs, George
AU  - Yegian, Derek
AU  - Jaklevic, Joseph
AU  - Jin, Jian
AU  - Stevens, Raymond C.
AU  - Earnest, Thomas
T1  - Automated Sample Mounting and Alignment System for Biological Crystallography at a Synchrotron Source
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
SN  - 09692126
AB  - High-throughput data collection for macromolecular crystallography requires an automated sample mounting and alignment system for cryo-protected crystals that functions reliably when integrated into protein-crystallography beamlines at synchrotrons. Rapid mounting and dismounting of the samples increases the efficiency of the crystal screening and data collection processes, where many crystals can be tested for the quality of diffraction. The sample-mounting subsystem has random access to 112 samples, stored under liquid nitrogen. Results of extensive tests regarding the performance and reliability of the system are presented. To further increase throughput, we have also developed a sample transport/storage system based on “puck-shaped” cassettes, which can hold sixteen samples each. Seven cassettes fit into a standard dry shipping Dewar. The capabilities of a robotic crystal mounting and alignment system with instrumentation control software and a relational database allows for automated screening and data collection to be developed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - RELATIONAL databases
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 12747347; Snell, Gyorgy 1 Cork, Carl 1 Nordmeyer, Robert 2 Cornell, Earl 2 Meigs, George 1 Yegian, Derek 2 Jaklevic, Joseph 2 Jin, Jian 2 Stevens, Raymond C. 3 Earnest, Thomas 1; Email Address: tnearnest@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Califonia 94720 USA  2: Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 90237 USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p537; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: RELATIONAL databases; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.03.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iyer, Prabha P.
AU  - Lawrence, Sarah H.
AU  - Luther, Kelvin B.
AU  - Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.
AU  - Yennawar, Hemant P.
AU  - Ferry, James G.
AU  - Schindelin, Hermann
T1  - Crystal Structure of Phosphotransacetylase from the Methanogenic Archaeon Methanosarcina thermophila
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 559
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Phosphotransacetylase (Pta) [EC 2.3.1.8] is ubiquitous in the carbon assimilation and energy-yielding pathways in anaerobic prokaryotes where it catalyzes the reversible transfer of the acetyl group from acetyl phosphate to CoA forming acetyl CoA and inorganic phosphate. The crystal structure of Pta from the methane-producing archaeon Methanosarcina thermophila, representing the first crystal structure of any Pta, was determined by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction at 2.7 A˚ resolution. In solution and in the crystal, the enzyme forms a homodimer. Each monomer consists of two α/β domains with a cleft along the domain boundary, which presumably contains the substrate binding sites. Comparison of the four monomers present in the asymmetric unit indicates substantial variations in the relative orientation of the two domains and the structure of the putative active site cleft. A search for structural homologs revealed the NADP+-dependent isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases as the only homologs with a similar two-domain architecture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
KW  - IMMUNOSPECIFICITY
KW  - MANURE gases
KW  - MONOMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 12747349; Iyer, Prabha P. 1 Lawrence, Sarah H. 1 Luther, Kelvin B. 2 Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R. 3 Yennawar, Hemant P. 1 Ferry, James G. 1 Schindelin, Hermann 2; Email Address: hermann.schindelin@sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA  2: Department of Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA  3: Building 725A-X9, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p559; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Subject Term: IMMUNOSPECIFICITY; Subject Term: MANURE gases; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.03.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gatesy, John
AU  - Baker, Richard H.
AU  - Hayashi, Cheryl
T1  - Inconsistencies in Arguments for the Supertree Approach: Supermatrices versus Supertrees of Crocodylia.
JO  - Systematic Biology
JF  - Systematic Biology
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 342
EP  - 355
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10635157
AB  - Focuses on empirical comparison of supertree and supermatrix approaches for identical sets of characters and taxa to highlight basic differences between the two competing methods.  Methods used in phylogenetic relationships of well-studied taxa; major challenge in the field of systemics; Context of supertree analysis of mammals.
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - TREES
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - CROCODILIANS
N1  - Accession Number: 12788485; Gatesy, John 1; Email Address: johnga@citrus.ucr.edu Baker, Richard H. 2 Hayashi, Cheryl 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California  2: Evolutionary Genomics Department, DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, California, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p342; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: TREES; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: CROCODILIANS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ibragimova, E.M.
AU  - Kalanov, M.U.
AU  - Kirk, M.A.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
T1  - Effect of Mechanical Deformation on the Critical Current in YBa2Cu3O7 – b Superconducting Films.
JO  - Technical Physics
JF  - Technical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 49
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 512
EP  - 515
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637842
AB  - It is shown that local mechanical bending of YBa2Cu3O7-b Ag-coated superconducting films deposited on flexible metal substrates in the temperature interval 77-300 K may increase the critical density Jc of the transport current to values as high as 106 A/cm² or even higher at 77 K. Also, bending decreases the voltage criterion. This means a rise in the intergranular conductivity and, accordingly, a reduction of Joule losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Technical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - BARIUM compounds
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - SILVER
N1  - Accession Number: 12862582; Ibragimova, E.M. 1; Email Address: ibragimova@inp.uz Kalanov, M.U. 1 Kirk, M.A. 2 Foltyn, S.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan  2: Argonne National Laboratory  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 49 Issue 4, p512; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: SILVER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1736926
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Westfall, Catherine
T1  - The National Labs: Science in an American System, 1947-1974 (Book).
JO  - Technology & Culture
JF  - Technology & Culture
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 459
EP  - 460
SN  - 0040165X
AB  - Reviews the book "The National Labs: Science in an American System, 1947-1974," by Peter J. Westwick.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - WESTWICK, Peter J.
KW  - NATIONAL Labs, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13386221; Westfall, Catherine 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p459; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NATIONAL Labs, The (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; People: WESTWICK, Peter J.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Funk, D.J.
AU  - Moore, D.S.
AU  - McGrane, S.D.
AU  - Gahagan, K.T.
AU  - Reho, J.H.
AU  - Buelow, S.J.
AU  - Nicholson, J.
AU  - Fisher, G.L.
AU  - Rabie, R.L.
T1  - Ultrafast studies of shock waves using interferometric methods and transient infrared absorption spectroscopy
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 453/454
M3  - Article
SP  - 542
SN  - 00406090
AB  - During the past few years, we have set up two ultrafast laboratories to study laser-induced shock waves with picosecond (or better) temporal resolution. In this paper, we provide an overview of our laboratories and the diagnostics we have developed to study the dynamic processes of matter being shocked to extreme conditions. Results are presented on the measurement of the shock wave rise time in aluminium and nickel, the effects of dynamic pressure on the complex index in aluminium, the measurement and characterization of the shock velocity, particle velocity, and index of refraction in shocked polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and our initial studies of transient infrared vibrational spectroscopy of shocked energetic polymers (nitrocellulose and poly-vinyl nitrate). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Aluminium
KW  - Infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Interferometry
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Optical properties
KW  - Shock waves
N1  - Accession Number: 12559313; Funk, D.J. 1; Email Address: djf@lanl.gov Moore, D.S. 1 McGrane, S.D. 1 Gahagan, K.T. 1,2 Reho, J.H. 1,3 Buelow, S.J. 1 Nicholson, J. 1,4 Fisher, G.L. 1 Rabie, R.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Dynamics Group, DX-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Corning, Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USA  3: East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858-4353, USA  4: Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 453/454, p542; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interferometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock waves; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.11.116
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hauer, M.
AU  - Funk, D.J.
AU  - Lippert, T.
AU  - Wokaun, A.
T1  - Time resolved study of the laser ablation induced shockwave
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 453/454
M3  - Article
SP  - 584
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Laser ablation is used in laser plasma thrusters (LPT), in which the created plasma provides the thrust that is used to stabilize the trajectory of satellites in space. To allow the use of IR laser diodes, an IR absorber has to be added to the polymer. As a measure of the energy released during ablation of such polymers, the shockwave velocity in air is measured with shadowgraphy. The measured shockwave velocities of a cross-linked glyzidyl azide polymer (GAP) incorporating carbon particles (as broad range absorber), reveal that the shockwave velocity decreases with the increasing irradiation wavelength (193–1064 nm) for a given fluence. In addition, the shadowgraph images reveal that for irradiation with shorter wavelengths, the amount of solid fragments decreases and more gaseous products are released. Comparing the shockwave propagation of GAP and a triazene polymer reveals that both polymers exhibit similar shockwave velocities at UV irradiation wavelength, whereas with 1064 nm irradiation, the shockwaves generated using GAP propagate faster. These results are probably due to the change of the absorption site, the mechanism of ablation, and the different decomposition enthalpies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - TRIAZENES
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Polymer
KW  - Shadowgraphy
KW  - Shockwave
N1  - Accession Number: 12559318; Hauer, M. 1 Funk, D.J. 2 Lippert, T. 1; Email Address: thomas.lippert@psi.ch Wokaun, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: General Energy Research, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  2: DX-2, MS C920, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 453/454, p584; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: TRIAZENES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shadowgraphy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shockwave; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.11.139
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Michael Q.
T1  - Examining cost effectiveness of mobile source emission control measures
JO  - Transport Policy
JF  - Transport Policy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
SN  - 0967070X
AB  - The cost-effectiveness of emission control measures, usually calculated in dollars per ton of emissions reduced, is often used to determine which control measures should be implemented to meet overall emission reduction requirements. This seemingly simple cost effectiveness methodology requires making careful choices, such as whether to employ (1) user costs or societal costs, (2) manufacturer- or consumer-level costs, (3) emission reductions in non-attainment areas only or in both non-attainment and attainment areas, and (4) annual or pollution-season emission reductions. Researchers must also carefully consider how to determine baseline emissions, whether to use multiple-pollutant emission reductions, and whether to apply emission discounting. Because there are various ways to address these issues and because different studies employ different assumptions regarding costs and emission reductions, the results of cost effectiveness studies can be significantly different and can sometimes contradict one another. This paper summarizes and adjusts the cost effectiveness results from completed studies, allowing determination of the relative cost effectiveness of key mobile source emission control measures. The paper also summarizes the cost effectiveness of stationary control measures, permitting a comparison of mobile and stationary control measures. The results of this study indicate that, except for alternative-fuel vehicles (and considering a range of uncertainties), the emission control cost of many mobile source control measures is below $10,000 per ton of emissions reduced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Transport Policy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUSTRIAL costs
KW  - AUTOMOBILE engines
KW  - AIR pollution -- Law & legislation
KW  - AUTOMOTIVE transportation
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Mobile source emission central
KW  - Motor vehicle emissions
N1  - Accession Number: 12740005; Wang, Michael Q. 1; Email Address: mqwang@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, ESD362/G216, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p155; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL costs; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE engines; Subject Term: AIR pollution -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: AUTOMOTIVE transportation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cost effectiveness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobile source emission central; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motor vehicle emissions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415290 Other new motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488490 Other Support Activities for Road Transportation; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tranpol.2003.10.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diaz, Jorge Andres
AU  - Daley, Paul
AU  - Miles, Robin
AU  - Rohrs, Henry
AU  - Polla, Dennis
T1  - Integration test of a miniature ExB mass spectrometer with a gas chromatograph for development of a low-cost, portable, chemical-detection system
JO  - Trends in Analytical Chemistry: TRAC
JF  - Trends in Analytical Chemistry: TRAC
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 314
EP  - 321
SN  - 01659936
AB  - We present preliminary test results for the integration of a miniature crossed electric and magnetic field mass spectrometer (MS) and a small commercial gas chromatograph (GC). We targeted the experiments to identify design variables for the next generation of field-portable low-cost micro-GC–MS instruments to be developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for identification of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and, specifically, to evaluate the potential usage of the commercial version of the compact double-focusing MS (CDFMS) as the detector component. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Analytical Chemistry: TRAC is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 13334702; Diaz, Jorge Andres 1; Email Address: diazchaverri@racsa.co.cr Daley, Paul 2 Miles, Robin 2 Rohrs, Henry 3 Polla, Dennis 4; Affiliation:  1: Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica, and Siskiwit Systems Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  3: Mass Sensors Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA  4: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p314; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0165-9936(04)00409-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Delwart, E. L.
AU  - Kalmin, N. D.
AU  - Jones, T. S.
AU  - Ladd, D. J.
AU  - Foley, B.
AU  - Tobler, L. H.
AU  - Tsui, R. C. P.
AU  - Busch, M. P.
T1  - ORIGINAL PAPER First report of human immunodeficiency virus transmission via an RNA-screened blood donation.
JO  - Vox Sanguinis
JF  - Vox Sanguinis
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 86
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 177
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00429007
AB  - Blood banks in the USA have recently introduced minipool nucleic acid amplification testing (MP-NAT) of blood products to reduce the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) by transfusions. However, MP-NAT is limited in its ability to detect preseroconversion samples with very low viral RNA loads. To determine whether a red blood cell unit, from an MP-NAT-negative donation, transmitted HIV when transfused to a patient, we compared the viral sequences from the blood donor and recipient. The implicated donation was also tested by commercially available NAT assays at a range of dilution factors to determine whether the infectious unit could have been detected using individual-donation NAT (ID-NAT). Phylogenetic linkage of HIV sequences in the blood donor and recipient confirmed the transmission of HIV by blood transfusion, the first such case identified since introduction of MP-NAT screening in 1999. Viral RNA was reliably detected by ID-NAT, but only inconsistently detected by MP-NAT. Even following the introduction of MP-NAT, a preseroconversion donation with a viral load of ≤ 150 copies of RNA/ml went undetected and resulted in an HIV transmission. Implementation of ID-NAT will further reduce such rare transmissions, but at a considerable cost per infectious unit interdicted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vox Sanguinis is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - BLOOD transfusion
KW  - RNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - blood donation
KW  - HIV
KW  - nucleic acid testing
KW  - transfusion.
N1  - Accession Number: 12753719; Delwart, E. L. 1,2 Kalmin, N. D. 3 Jones, T. S. 3 Ladd, D. J. 4 Foley, B. 5 Tobler, L. H. 2 Tsui, R. C. P. 2 Busch, M. P. 1,2,6; Email Address: mpbusch@itsa.ucsf.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA  2: Blood System Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA  3: South Texas Blood and Tissue Center, San Antonio, IX, USA  4: Scott & White Memorial Hospital and Clinic, Temple, IX, USA  5: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  6: Blood Systems, Inc., Scottsdale, IV, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 86 Issue 3, p171; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: BLOOD transfusion; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Author-Supplied Keyword: blood donation; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: nucleic acid testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: transfusion.; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0042-9007.2004.00416.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salve, Rohit
AU  - Liu, Hui-Hai
AU  - Cook, Paul
AU  - Czarnomski, Atlantis
AU  - Hu, Qinhong
AU  - Hudson, David
T1  - Unsaturated flow and transport through a fault embedded in fractured welded tuff.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - To evaluate the importance of matrix diffusion as a mechanism for retarding radionuclide transport in the vicinity of a fault located in unsaturated fractured rock, we carried out an in situ field experiment in the Exploratory Studies Facility at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. This experiment involved the release of ∼82,000 L of water over a period of 17 months directly into a near-vertical fault under both constant positive head (at ∼0.04 m) and decreasing fluxes. A mix of conservative tracers (pentafluorobenzoic acid (PFBA) and bromide (applied in the form of lithium bromide)) was released along the fault over a period of 9 days, 7 months after the start of water release along the fault. As water was released into the fault, seepage rates were monitored in a large cavity excavated below the test bed. After the release of tracers, seepage water was continuously collected from three locations and analyzed for the injected tracers. Observations of bromide concentrations in seepage water during the early stages of the experiment and bromide and PFBA concentrations in the seepage water indicate the significant effects of matrix diffusion on transport through a fault embedded in fractured, welded rock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - fault
KW  - flow
KW  - transport
N1  - Accession Number: 87144397; Salve, Rohit 1; Liu, Hui-Hai 1; Cook, Paul 1; Czarnomski, Atlantis 1; Hu, Qinhong 2; Hudson, David 3; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 3: U.S. Geological Survey; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: fault; Author-Supplied Keyword: flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: transport; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002571
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Chen, Nan
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, F.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
AU  - Lukey, G.C.
AU  - van Deventer, J.S.J.
T1  - Solid-particle erosion of a geopolymer containing fly ash and blast-furnace slag
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 256
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 714
SN  - 00431648
AB  - Solid-particle erosion studies were conducted on a geopolymer derived from fly ash and granulated blast-furnace slag. The erodent particles, 390 μm angular Al2O3, impacted at 30, 60, or 90° at a velocity of 50, 70, or 100 m/s. Steady-state erosion rates (ER) were obtained and the material-loss mechanisms were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The geopolymer responded to normal impact as a classically brittle material. Elastic–plastic indentation events led to formation of brittle lateral cracks that resulted in loss of material; erosion rate was proportional to erodent velocity to the 2.3 power. Impact at 60° produced similar results, with the erosion rates being in general slightly lower. Impact at 30° led to anomalously high erosion rates that were approximately independent of velocity. This response was attributed to presence of microcracks in the matrix and chipping of aggregates through propagation of radial cracks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLY ash
KW  - COAL ash
KW  - WASTE products
KW  - SLAG
KW  - Aluminosilicate
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Geopolymer
N1  - Accession Number: 12777774; Goretta, K.C. 1 Chen, Nan 1 Gutierrez-Mora, F. 1 Routbort, J.L. 1; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov Lukey, G.C. 2 van Deventer, J.S.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 256 Issue 7/8, p714; Subject Term: FLY ash; Subject Term: COAL ash; Subject Term: WASTE products; Subject Term: SLAG; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminosilicate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geopolymer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562111 Solid Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00463-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parsons, Brian
AU  - Milligan, Michael
AU  - Zavadil, Bob
AU  - Brooks, Daniel
AU  - Kirby, Brendan
AU  - Dragoon, Ken
AU  - Caldwell, Jim
T1  - Grid impacts of wind power: a summary of recent studies in the United States.
JO  - Wind Energy
JF  - Wind Energy
Y1  - 2004/04//
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 108
SN  - 10954244
AB  - Several detailed technical investigations of grid ancillary service impacts of wind power plants in the United States have recently been performed. These studies were applied to Xcel Energy (in Minnesota) and PacifiCorp and the Bonneville Power Administration (both in the northwestern United States). Although the approaches vary, three utility time frames appear to be most at issue: regulation, load following and unit commitment. This article describes and compares the analytic frameworks from recent analysis and discusses the implications and cost estimates of wind integration. The findings of these studies indicate that relatively large-scale wind generation will have an impact on power system operation and costs, but these impacts and costs are relatively low at penetration rates that are expected over the next several years. Published in 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Wind Energy is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 64943255; Parsons, Brian 1; Milligan, Michael 1; Zavadil, Bob 2; Brooks, Daniel 3; Kirby, Brendan 4; Dragoon, Ken 5; Caldwell, Jim 6; Affiliations: 1: National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 2: EnerNex Corporation, 448 North Cedar Bluff Road, Suite 349, Knoxville, TN 37923, USA; 3: Electrotek Concepts, Inc., 408 North Cedar Bluff Road, Suite 500, Knoxville, TN 37923, USA; 4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS6070, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 5: PacifiCorp, 825 NE Multnomah Street, Suite 600, Portland, OR 97232, USA; 6: American Wind Energy Association, 122 C Street NW, Suite 380, Washington, DC 20001, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 7 Issue 2, p87; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/we.111
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Galkin, Andrey
AU  - Kulakova, Liudmila
AU  - Sarikaya, Elif
AU  - Kap Lim
AU  - Howard, Andrew
AU  - Herzberg, Osnat
T1  - Structural Insight into Arginine Degradation by Arginine Deiminase, an Antibacterial and Parasite Drug Target.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/02/
VL  - 279
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 14001
EP  - 14008
SN  - 00219258
AB  - L-Arginine deiminase (ADI) catalyzes the irreversible hydrolysis of arginine to citrulline and ammonia. ADI is involved in the first step of the most widespread anaerobic route of arginine degradation. ADI, missing in high eukaryotes, is a potential antimierohial and antiparasitic drug target. We have determined the crystal structure of ADI from Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the multiwavelength anomalous diffraction method at 2.45 Å resolution. The structure exhibits similarity to other arginine-modifying or substituted arginine-modifying enzymes such as dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), arginine:glycine amidinotransferase, and arginine:inosamine-phosphate amidinotransferase, despite the lack of significant amino acid sequence homology to these enzymes. The similarity spans a core domain comprising five ββαβ motifs arranged in a circle around a 5-fold pseudosymmetry axis. ADI contains an additional α-helical domain of novel topology inserted between the first and the second ββαβ modules. A catalytic triad, Cys-His-Glu/Asp (arranged in a different manner from that of the thiol proteases), seen in the other arginine-modifying enzymes is also conserved in ADI, as well as many other residues involved in substrate binding. Based on this conservation pattern and the assumption that the substrate binding mode is similar to that of DDAH, an ADI catalytic mechanism is proposed. The main players are Cys-406, which mounts the nucleophilic attack on the carbon atom of the guanidinium group of arginine, and His-278, which serves as a general base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARGININE
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ANTIBACTERIAL agents
KW  - PARASITES
KW  - ORGANIC acids
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 12929669; Galkin, Andrey 1 Kulakova, Liudmila 2 Sarikaya, Elif 1 Kap Lim 1 Howard, Andrew 3,4 Herzberg, Osnat 1; Email Address: osnat@carb.umbi.umd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Research In Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute  2: Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID National Institutes of Health  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory  4: Illinois Institute of Technology; Source Info: 4/2/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 14, p14001; Subject Term: ARGININE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: ANTIBACTERIAL agents; Subject Term: PARASITES; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Subject Term: PROTEINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 11 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M313410200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Zhiqiang
AU  - McCabe, Rodney J.
AU  - Ghoniem, Nasr M.
AU  - LeSar, Richard
AU  - Misra, Amit
AU  - Mitchell, Terence E.
T1  - Dislocation motion in thin Cu foils: a comparison between computer simulations and experiment
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 52
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1535
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Discrete dislocation dynamics (DD) simulations in conjunction with stereo and in situ straining transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) were used to study dislocation motion in thin Cu foils. Stereo imaging prior to and following in situ tensile straining is utilized to describe the three-dimensional (3D) evolution of dislocation structures with incremental straining and observation by TEM. The initial 3D configuration is used as input for 3D discrete dislocation dynamics simulations, and the final 3D configuration serves to refine and validate the DD simulation, thereby providing a direct quantitative link between experiment and dislocation dynamics modeling. In the present experiment, we observed complex 3D structures of dislocations, with significant out-of-plane motion. Computer simulations incorporating the Friedel–Escaig cross-slip mechanism indicate that surface image forces are sufficiently strong to activate out-of-plane motion for screw dislocation segments near the surface. Cross-slip of screw segments and dislocation climb of edge components are shown to be necessary mechanisms for explaining the observed 3D dislocation motion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - COPPER
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Copper
KW  - Cross-slip
KW  - Discrete dislocation dynamics
KW  - Dislocation motion
KW  - Surface image force
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12500529; Wang, Zhiqiang 1; Email Address: zhiqiang@seas.ucla.edu McCabe, Rodney J. 2 Ghoniem, Nasr M. 1 LeSar, Richard 3 Misra, Amit 2 Mitchell, Terence E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1597, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Theoretical Division, T-12, MS B268, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p1535; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-slip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete dislocation dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface image force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.12.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Farrell, K.
T1  - Plastic instability in polycrystalline metals after low temperature irradiation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 52
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1597
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The dose dependence of plastic instability behavior has been investigated for polycrystalline metals after neutron irradiation at low temperatures (<f><</f>200 °C). The analyzed materials consist of 10 body-centered cubic (bcc), 7 face-centered cubic (fcc), and 2 hexagonal close packed (hcp) metals. It was found that the metals after irradiation showed necking at yield when the yield stress exceeded the true plastic instability stress, <f>σIS</f>, for the unirradiated material. It was also shown that <f>σIS</f> was almost independent of dose below a critical dose. The critical dose is called the dose to plastic instability at yield, <f>DC</f>, because at higher doses the material shows necking at yield. The <f>DC</f> values ranged from 0.002 to 0.2 dpa for bcc and hcp metals, except for a high purity iron, that had a <f>DC</f> value of 6 dpa; whereas the fcc metals gave generally high values ranging from 0.1 to 40 dpa. It is attempted to explain the dose independence of the plastic instability stress by a straightforward shifting of tensile curves by the appropriate strain corresponding to the radiation-induced increase in yield stress. The dose independence of strain-hardening behavior suggests that radiation-induced defects and deformation-produced dislocations give similar net strain-hardening effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - METALS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - COHESION
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Dose to plastic instability at yield
KW  - Irradiation hardening
KW  - Plastic instability stress
KW  - Polycrystalline metals
N1  - Accession Number: 12500535; Byun, T.S.; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov Farrell, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, 1 Bethel Valley Road, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p1597; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: COHESION; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dose to plastic instability at yield; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irradiation hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic instability stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystalline metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.12.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyce, B.L.
AU  - Michael, J.R.
AU  - Kotula, P.G.
T1  - Fatigue of metallic microdevices and the role of fatigue-induced surface oxides
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 52
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1609
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A new method for fatigue testing of metallic micro-electro-mechanical systems has been developed and applied to characterize the high-cycle fatigue behavior of nickel microspecimens formed by the LIGA process. Cantilever microbeams with a cross-section of 26 × 250 μm were tested under fully reversed loading conditions at 20 Hz. The observed stress-life curve and fatigue limit was similar to what has typically been reported for conventional bulk nickel. SEM inspection of the fatigue surface revealed that failure initiated in zones of localized extrusions and intrusions associated with persistent slip bands (PSBs). Focused ion beam machining was used to extract a cross-sectional TEM foil from the deformation zone, revealing an unexpected thick (up to 400 nm) oxide on the surface of the PSBs. This PSB oxide thickening mechanism appears to be the source of crack initiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - Analytical electron microscopy
KW  - Electroplating
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Oxidation
N1  - Accession Number: 12500536; Boyce, B.L.; Email Address: blboyce@sandia.gov Michael, J.R. 1 Kotula, P.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Process Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0889, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p1609; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electroplating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.12.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eichler, Christoph
AU  - Hofstetter, Daniel
AU  - Chow, Weng W.
AU  - Miller, Stephan
AU  - Weimar, Andreas
AU  - Lell, Alfred
AU  - Härle, Volker
T1  - Microsecond time scale lateral-mode dynamics in a narrow stripe InGaN laser.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 84
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2473
EP  - 2475
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Time-resolved measurements of the spectrum and the far field of InGaN-based laser diodes show lateral-mode changes and gradual tilting of the far field on a microsecond time scale. Numerical simulations based on a microscopic theory are in good agreement with the measurements. The observed effects are attributed to lateral carrier diffusion in combination with thermal lensing. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIODES
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12715498; Eichler, Christoph 1 Hofstetter, Daniel 2 Chow, Weng W. 3 Miller, Stephan 4 Weimar, Andreas 4 Lell, Alfred 4 Härle, Volker 4; Affiliation:  1: Optoelectronics Department, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany  2: Institute of Physics, University of Neucha⁁tel, 2000 Neucha⁁tel, Switzerland  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601  4: OSRAM Opto Semiconductors, 93049 Regensburg, Germany; Source Info: 4/5/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 14, p2473; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691497
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumar, Sushil
AU  - Williams, Benjamin S.
AU  - Kohen, Stephen
AU  - Hu, Qing
AU  - Reno, John L.
T1  - Continuous-wave operation of terahertz quantum-cascade lasers above liquid-nitrogen temperature.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 84
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2494
EP  - 2496
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report cw operation of a quantum-cascade laser at 3.2 THz (λ≈94 μm) up to a heat-sink temperature of 93 K. Resonant longitudinal-optical phonon scattering is used to depopulate the lower radiative state and a low-loss metal–metal waveguide is used to provide high modal confinement. Optical powers of ∼1.8 mW at 10 K and ∼400 μW at 78 K are observed from a single facet of a 40-μm-wide and 1.35-mm-long laser device. A threshold current density of 432 A/cm2 at 10 K and 552 A/cm2 at 78 K was obtained in cw mode. The same device lased up to 129 K in pulsed mode with a threshold current density of 419 A/cm2 at 5 K. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12715491; Kumar, Sushil 1 Williams, Benjamin S. 1 Kohen, Stephen 1 Hu, Qing 1 Reno, John L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 1123, MS 0601, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601; Source Info: 4/5/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 14, p2494; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695099
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Poelsema, Bene
AU  - Hannon, J. B.
AU  - Bartelt, N. C.
AU  - Kellogg, G. L.
T1  - Bulk-surface vacancy exchange on Pt(111).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 84
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2551
EP  - 2553
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have used low-energy electron microscopy to study atomic exchange between the bulk and the (111) surface of Pt above 1100 K. We find that the area of two-dimensional surface islands increases when the temperature is raised and decreases when the temperature is lowered, suggesting that thermal bulk vacancies are created at the surface. By measuring the temperature dependence of the change in area of the islands, we determine a Pt bulk vacancy formation energy of 1.54±0.07 eV, consistent with previous measurements and calculations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 12715472; Poelsema, Bene 1 Hannon, J. B. 2 Bartelt, N. C. 3 Kellogg, G. L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Solid State Physics, MESA+ Research Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands  2: IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551  4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1415; Source Info: 4/5/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 14, p2551; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695434
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12715472&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeong, B.-S.
AU  - Heo, Y. W.
AU  - Norton, D. P.
AU  - Kelly, J. G.
AU  - Rairigh, R.
AU  - Hebard, A. F.
AU  - Budai, J. D.
AU  - Park, Y. D.
T1  - Spatial distribution and electronic state of Co in epitaxial anatase CoxTi1-xO2 thin films grown by reactive sputtering.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 84
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2608
EP  - 2610
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The magnetic and phase properties of CoxTi1-xO2 anatase thin films grown epitaxially on (001) LaAlO3 by a reactive rf magnetron cosputter deposition have been examined. CoxTi1-xO2 (x=0.07) thin films exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism, as evidenced by hysteresis in M–H loop. Chemical mapping indicates segregation of the Co dopant atoms in these films. However, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that the segregated Co is not metallic, but in the Co+2 state. These results are consistent with a segregated Ti–Co–O phase being responsible for the ferromagnetic behavior. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 12715453; Jeong, B.-S. 1 Heo, Y. W. 1 Norton, D. P. 1 Kelly, J. G. 2 Rairigh, R. 2 Hebard, A. F. 2 Budai, J. D. 3 Park, Y. D. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Florida, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 100 Rhines Hall, P.O. Box 116400, Gainesville, Florida 32611  2: University of Florida, Dept. of Physics, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: Seoul National University, School of Physics, Seoul 151-747, Korea; Source Info: 4/5/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 14, p2608; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: THIN films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691499
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, Wei-Qiang
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Nanocrystal cleaving.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 84
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2644
EP  - 2645
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on the virtually perfect cleaving of a nanoscale crystal within the confines of an atomically smooth-bore BN nanotube, performed in situ inside a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The cleaving-induced gap region between the two nanocrystal subunits could then represent a near-perfect (i.e., atom-free) vacuum. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12715441; Han, Wei-Qiang 1 Zettl, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 4/5/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 14, p2644; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695635
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12715441&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rocha, Reginaldo C.
AU  - Shreve, Andrew P.
T1  - Exploring the Localized-to-Delocalized Boundary in Mixed-Valence Systems Using Infrared Spectroelectrochemistry.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 43
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2231
EP  - 2233
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Infrared spectroelectrochemistry has been used to explore the vibrational properties of a pyrazine-bridged osmium-polypyridine dimer as a function of its formally metal-centered oxidation states (i.e., OsIIOsII, OsIIOsIIII, and OsIIIOsIII. The infrared spectrum of the "mixed-valent" species is particularly interesting and exhibits features consistent with both electronic localization and delocalization on the vibrational time scale, as revealed by the presence of both (i) a highly active totally symmetric mode from the bridging pyrazine ligand (ν8a), and (ii) total coalescence of at least four modes from peripheral bipyridine ligands. The nature and origin of the observed peaks were confirmed by analysis of the shifts in vibrational frequencies accompanying deuteration of pyrazine and also by comparison of the data for the dimeric complexes with those for the parent monomers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BIPYRIDINE
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - VALENCE fluctuations
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12977816; Rocha, Reginaldo C. 1 Shreve, Andrew P. 1; Email Address: shreve@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 4/5/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 7, p2231; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: BIPYRIDINE; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: VALENCE fluctuations; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic0354771
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neuefeind, J.
AU  - Skanthakumar, S.
AU  - Soderholm, L.
T1  - Structure of the UO22+-SO42- Ion Pair in Aqueous Solution.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 43
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2422
EP  - 2426
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The structure of the ion pairs formed in aqueous uranyl sulfate solutions has been investigated with high-energy X-ray scattering. Sulfate binds to the uranyl as a monodentate ligand in equimolar solutions. The geometry of the ion pair is very similar to configurations found in crystalline structures; in particular, the U-O-S angle is bent in solution as well as in the solid state. It can therefore be concluded that an U-O-S angle of 143° is an intrinsic property of the uranyl sulfate bond and not due to packing effects or interaction with the water in the primary solvation shell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - HIGH energy electron diffraction
KW  - SOLVATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12977842; Neuefeind, J. 1; Email Address: neuefeind@anl.gov Skanthakumar, S. 1 Soderholm, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois; Source Info: 4/5/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 7, p2422; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: HIGH energy electron diffraction; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic035177j
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12977842&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin-min Gan, Miloš
AU  - Binyamin, Iris
AU  - Rapko, Brian M.
AU  - Fox, Jesse
AU  - Duesler, Eileen N.
AU  - Paine, Robert T.
T1  - Hydrogen Bonded Framework Structures Constructed from 2-(Pyridyl N-oxide) Methylphosphonic Acid Ligands and Erbium(III).
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 43
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2443
EP  - 2448
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Syntheses for 2-(pyridyl N-oxide) methylphosphonic acid, 1-H, and 2-(pyridyl N-oxide) hydroxymethylphosphonic acid, 4-H, are described, and the crystal structures of both ligands are presented. Combination of these ligands with freshly prepared erbium hydroxide results in the formation of the isostructural complexes Er(L-)3(LH·8H2O. The crystal structure determinations of the complexes show that extensive hydrogen bonding links the individual eight coordinate Er(L-)3(LH) molecular units into a 3-D structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEXES (Mathematics)
KW  - COORDINATES
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - LINEAR algebras
KW  - LINE geometry
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 12977845; Xin-min Gan, Miloš 1 Binyamin, Iris 1 Rapko, Brian M. 2 Fox, Jesse 1 Duesler, Eileen N. 1 Paine, Robert T. 1; Email Address: rtpaine@unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, WA; Source Info: 4/5/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 7, p2443; Subject Term: COMPLEXES (Mathematics); Subject Term: COORDINATES; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: LINEAR algebras; Subject Term: LINE geometry; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic0351850
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Heli
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Ferritic stainless steels as bipolar plate material for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 128
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Both interfacial contact resistance (ICR) measurements and electrochemical corrosion techniques were applied to ferritic stainless steels in a solution simulating the environment of a bipolar plate in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Stainless steel samples of AISI434, AISI436, AISI441, AISI444, and AISI446 were studied, and the results suggest that AISI446 could be considered as a candidate bipolar plate material. In both polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell anode and cathode environments, AISI446 steel underwent passivation and the passive films were very stable. An increase in the ICR between the steel and the carbon backing material due to the passive film formation was noted. The thickness of the passive film on AISI446 was estimated to be 2.6 nm for the film formed at −0.1 V in the simulated PEMFC anode environment and 3.0 nm for the film formed at 0.6 V in the simulated PEMFC cathode environment. Further improvement in the ICR will require some modification of the passive film, which is dominated by chromium oxide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - Bipolar plate
KW  - Ferrite
KW  - Passive film
KW  - PEMFC
KW  - Stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 12434639; Wang, Heli 1 Turner, John A.; Email Address: john_turner@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 128 Issue 2, p193; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bipolar plate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passive film; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEMFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.09.075
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, C.H.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Stoll, M.E.
AU  - Henriksen, G.
AU  - Vissers, D.R.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Aluminum-doped lithium nickel cobalt oxide electrodes for high-power lithium-ion batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 128
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Non-doped and aluminum-doped LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 cathodes from three industrial developers coupled with graphite anodes were made into lithium-ion cells for high-power applications. The powder morphology of the active cathode materials was examined by a scanning electron microscope. The electrochemical performance of these cells was investigated by hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) testing, accelerated aging, and AC impedance measurement of symmetric cells. Although all of the fresh cells are found to meet and exceed the power requirements set by PNGV, the power capability of those cells with non-doped LiNi 0.8Co0.2O2 cathodes fades rapidly due to the rise of the cell impedance. Al-doping is found very effective to suppress the cell impedance rise by stabilizing the charge-transfer impedance on the cathode side. The stabilization mechanism may be related to the low average oxidation state of nickel ions in the cathode. The powder morphology also plays a secondary role in determining the impedance stabilization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - High-power lithium-ion batteries
KW  - HPPC
KW  - Lithium nickel cobalt oxide electrode
KW  - Symmetric cells
N1  - Accession Number: 12434649; Chen, C.H. 1,2; Email Address: cchchen@ustc.edu.cn Liu, J. 1 Stoll, M.E. 1 Henriksen, G. 1 Vissers, D.R. 1 Amine, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230026, China; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 128 Issue 2, p278; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-power lithium-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPPC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium nickel cobalt oxide electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Symmetric cells; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.10.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12434649&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roth, E.P.
AU  - Doughty, D.H.
T1  - Thermal abuse performance of high-power 18650 Li-ion cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/04/05/
VL  - 128
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
SN  - 03787753
AB  - High-power 18650 Li-ion cells have been developed for hybrid electric vehicle applications as part of the DOE Advanced Technology Development (ATD) program. The thermal abuse response of two advanced chemistries (Gen1 and Gen2) were measured and compared with commercial Sony 18650 cells. Gen1 cells consisted of an MCMB graphite based anode and a LiNi0.85Co0.15O2 cathode material while the Gen2 cells consisted of a MAG10 anode graphite and a LiNi0.80Co0.15 Al0.05O2 cathode. Accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to measure the thermal response and properties of the cells and cell materials up to 400 °C. The MCMB graphite was found to result in increased thermal stability of the cells due to more effective solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation. The Al stabilized cathodes were seen to have higher peak reaction temperatures that also gave improved cell thermal response. The effects of accelerated aging on cell properties were also determined. Aging resulted in improved cell thermal stability with the anodes showing a rapid reduction in exothermic reactions while the cathodes only showed reduced reactions after more extended aging. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - HYBRID electric vehicles
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - ARC
KW  - DSC
KW  - Li-ion battery
KW  - LiNi0.80Co0.15 Al0.05O2
KW  - LiNi0.85Co0.15O2
KW  - Thermal abuse
N1  - Accession Number: 12434652; Roth, E.P.; Email Address: eproth@sandia.gov Doughty, D.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lithium Battery R&D Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 128 Issue 2, p308; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: HYBRID electric vehicles; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: ARC; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiNi0.80Co0.15 Al0.05O2; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiNi0.85Co0.15O2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal abuse; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.09.068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryutova, Margarita
AU  - Shine, Richard
T1  - Magnetic Coupling Between the Solar Surface and Corona: Theory and Observations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/06/
VL  - 703
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 208
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Multi-wavelength observations taken simultaneously by several instruments on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) revealed a clear connection between the photospheric magnetic fields and the energetic events in the overlying atmosphere. We find that the EUV coronal emission above the photosphere dominated by single polarity magnetic elements is spongy in space and has coherent braid-like structures in time. Contrary to these long living structures, corona above the regions with mixed polarity magnetic elements is highly discrete and consists of sporadic microflares, supersonic jets and their combinations. We believe that in the unipolar magnetic regions the energy flow from the surface to corona is associated with the nonlinear collective phenomena in the ensemble of oscillating magnetic flux tubes. These phenomena lead to formation of hot coronal “clouds” that have the properties of energetically open turbulence with tendency to self-organization. Jets and microflares above the mixed polarity regions are associated with shock waves produced by reconnecting magnetic flux tubes in the photosphere and subsequent interaction of shocks which leads to hydrodynamic cumulation of energy, which leads to impulsive phenomena similar to shaped charges. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC couplings
KW  - SOLAR corona
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - FIELD emission
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL jets
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - SOLAR photosphere
N1  - Accession Number: 12817483; Ryutova, Margarita 1 Shine, Richard 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory/IGPP L-413 Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 703 Issue 1, p203; Subject Term: MAGNETIC couplings; Subject Term: SOLAR corona; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: FIELD emission; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL jets; Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: SOLAR photosphere; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1718456
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12817483&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryutov, D. D.
AU  - Kane, J. O.
AU  - Mizuta, A.
AU  - Pound, M. W.
AU  - Remington, B. A.
T1  - Eagle Nebula: the Problem of Missing Stiffness and the Hypothesis of Magnetostatic Turbulence.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/06/
VL  - 703
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
EP  - 424
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A brief summary of recent observational data related to the Eagle Nebula is presented and applicability of single-fluid magnetohydrodynamics for describing its evolution is discussed. A model attributing the “stiffness” of the cold gas in molecular clouds to the presence of the magnetostatic turbulence is described. It is argued that this model may explain the observed dynamics of the Eagle Nebula. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEBULAE
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MOLECULAR clouds
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - STARS -- Formation
N1  - Accession Number: 12817449; Ryutov, D. D. 1 Kane, J. O. 1 Mizuta, A. 2 Pound, M. W. 3 Remington, B. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Institute of Laser Engineering University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan  3: Astronomy Department, University  of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 703 Issue 1, p415; Subject Term: NEBULAE; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR clouds; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: STARS -- Formation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1718491
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12817449&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, H.
AU  - Yamada, M.
AU  - Terry, S.
AU  - Kulsrud, R.
AU  - Ren, Y.
AU  - Kuritsyn, A.
T1  - Measurements of Magnetic Fluctuations in Magnetic Reconnection Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/06/
VL  - 703
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 442
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Magnetic reconnection plays an important role in determining the evolution of magnetic topology in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. A central question concerns why the observed reconnection rates are much faster than predictions made by classical theories, such as the Sweet-Parker model based on MHD with classical Spitzer resistivity. Often, the local resistivity is conjectured to be enhanced by micro-instabilities to accelerate reconnection rates either in the context of the Sweet-Parker model or by facilitating setup of the Pestchek model. Although it is commonly believed that there is plenty of free energy available at the reconnection region to destabilize some sort of micro-instability, a clear identification of this instability and its exact role in reconnection has never been established experimentally. We report the first such experimental evidence of a clear and positive correlation between magnetic fluctuations in the lower-hybrid frequency range and resistivity enhancement during fast reconnection in the low-collisionality regimes in the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX). The waves have been identified as right-hand polarized whistler waves, propagating obliquely to the reconnecting field, with a phase velocity comparable to the relative drift velocity. These waves are consistent with the modified two-stream instability driven by large drift speeds compared to the Alfven speed in high-beta plasmas. The short coherence length and large variation along the propagation direction indicate their strongly nonlinear nature. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC reconnection
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - PLASMA astrophysics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Astrophysics)
KW  - SOLAR flares
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12817446; Ji, H. 1 Yamada, M. 1 Terry, S. 1 Kulsrud, R. 1 Ren, Y. 1 Kuritsyn, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 703 Issue 1, p437; Subject Term: MAGNETIC reconnection; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: PLASMA astrophysics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Astrophysics); Subject Term: SOLAR flares; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1718494
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12817446&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lovelace, R. V. E.
AU  - Ryutov, D. D.
T1  - Summary of the Meeting.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/06/
VL  - 703
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
EP  - 462
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This was a meeting between two large groups of researchers: astrophysicists and space physicists, on the one hand, and laboratory plasma physicists, on the other. The meeting has clearly demonstrated a growing mutual interest of these two groups: presenters of one group tried to make their talks understandable to another group, discussions were very lively, and a number of points for further joint effort have been identified. This was a timely meeting in view of the explosion of observational data from new space and ground based instruments. New phenomena have been observed and/or understood more clearly, including gamma ray burst sources, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background, high magnetic field pulsars or magnetars, solar acoustic spectroscopy, ultra luminous star burst galaxies, and many others. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEETINGS
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - ASTROPHYSICISTS
KW  - PLASMA astrophysics
KW  - SUN
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12817441; Lovelace, R. V. E. 1 Ryutov, D. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 1485, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 703 Issue 1, p461; Subject Term: MEETINGS; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICISTS; Subject Term: PLASMA astrophysics; Subject Term: SUN; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1718499
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12817441&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Jinhui
AU  - Bigelow, Diana J.
AU  - Squier, Thomas C.
T1  - Conformational Change within the Cytosolic Portion of Phospholamban Upon Release of Ca-ATPase Inhibition.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/06/
VL  - 43
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3870
EP  - 3879
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Phospholamban (PLB) is a major target of the /3-adrenergic cascade in the heart, functioning to modulate contractile force by altering the rate of calcium re-sequestration by the Ca-ATPase. Functionally, inhibition by PLB binding is manifested by shifts in the calcium dependence of Ca-ATPase activation toward higher calcium levels; phosphorylation of PLB by PKA reverses the inhibitory action of PLB. To investigate structural changes in the cytoplasmic portion of PLB that result from either the phosphorylation of PLB by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) or calcium binding to the Ca-ATPase, we have used frequency-domain fluorescence spectroscopy to measure the spatial separation and confonnational heterogeneity between N-(1-pyrenyl)maleimide, covalently bound to a single cysteine (Cys24) engineered near the membrane surface of the transmembrane domain of PLB, and Tyr6 in the cytosolic domain. Irrespective of calcium activation of the Ca-ATPase or phosphorylation of Ser16 in PLB by PKA, we find that PLB remains tightly associated with the Ca-ATPase in a well-defined conformation. However, calcium activation of the Ca-ATPase induces an increase in the overall dimensions of the cytoplasmic portion of bound PLB, whereas PLB phosphorylation results in a more compact structure, consistent with increased helical content induced by a salt link between phospho-Ser16 and Arg13. Thus, enzyme activation of the Ca-ATPase may occur through different mechanisms: calcium binding to high-affinity sites within the Ca-ATPase functions to overcome conformational constraints imposed by PLB on the N-domain of the Ca-ATPase; alternatively, phosphorylation stabilizes the backbone fold of PLB to release inhibitory interactions with the Ca-ATPase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONFORMATIONAL analysis
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - CYTOPLASM
N1  - Accession Number: 12871335; Li, Jinhui 1 Bigelow, Diana J. 1 Squier, Thomas C. 1; Email Address: thomas.squire@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Cell Biology Group, Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.; Source Info: 4/6/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 13, p3870; Subject Term: CONFORMATIONAL analysis; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: CYTOPLASM; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyack, Kevin W.
T1  - Mapping knowledge domains: Characterizing PNAS.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/04/07/4/6/2004 Supplement
VL  - 101
M3  - Article
SP  - 5192
EP  - 5199
SN  - 00278424
AB  - A review of data mining and analysis techniques that can be used for the mapping of knowledge domains is given. Literature mapping techniques can be based on authors, documents, journals, words, and/or indicators. Most mapping questions are related to research assessment or to the structure and dynamics of disciplines or networks. Several mapping techniques are demonstrated on a data set comprising 20 years of papers published in PNAS. Data from a variety of sources are merged to provide unique indicators of the domain bounded by PNAS. By using funding source information and citation counts, it is shown that, on an aggregate basis, papers funded jointly by the U.S. Public Health Service (which includes the National Institutes of Health) and non-U.S. government sources outperform papers funded by other sources, including by the U.S. Public Health Service alone. Grant data from the National Institute on Aging show that on average, papers from large grants are cited more than those from small grants, with performance increasing with grant amount. A map of the highest performing papers over the 20-year period was generated by using citation analysis. Changes and trends in the subjects of highest impact within the PNAS domain are described. Interactions between topics over the most recent 5-year period are also detailed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA mining
KW  - SEARCH engines
KW  - DATABASE searching
KW  - ONLINE data processing
KW  - KNOWLEDGE management
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
N1  - Accession Number: 15063715; Boyack, Kevin W. 1; Email Address: kboyack@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computation, Computers, Information and Mathematics Center, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185.; Source Info: 4/6/2004 Supplement, Vol. 101, p5192; Subject Term: DATA mining; Subject Term: SEARCH engines; Subject Term: DATABASE searching; Subject Term: ONLINE data processing; Subject Term: KNOWLEDGE management; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0307509100
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15063715&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ceotto, Michele
AU  - Miller, William H.
T1  - Test of the quantum instanton approximation for thermal rate constants for some collinear reactions.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 6356
EP  - 6362
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Two variants of the recently developed quantum instanton (QI) model for calculating thermal rate constants of chemical reactions are applied to several collinear atom–diatom reactions with various skew angles. The results show that the original QI version of the model is consistently more accurate than the “simplest” quantum instanton version (both being applied here with one “dividing surface”) and thus to be preferred. Also, for these examples (as with other earlier applications) the QI results agree well with the correct quantum rates (to within ∼20% or better) for all temperatures >200 K, except for situations where dynamical corrections to transition state theory (i.e., “re-crossing” dynamics) are evident. (Since re-crossing effects are substantially reduced in higher dimensionality, this is not a cause for serious concern.) A procedure is also described which facilitates use of the METROPOLIS algorithm for evaluating all quantities that appear in the QI rate expression by Monte Carlo path integral methods. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INSTANTONS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - DIVISION rings
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - RENORMALIZATION (Physics)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 12633529; Ceotto, Michele 1,2 Miller, William H. 1,2; Email Address: miller@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 4/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 14, p6356; Subject Term: INSTANTONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: DIVISION rings; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: RENORMALIZATION (Physics); Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1666064
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12633529&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uberuaga, Blas P.
AU  - Anghel, Marian
AU  - Voter, Arthur F.
T1  - Synchronization of trajectories in canonical molecular-dynamics simulations: Observation, explanation, and exploitation.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 6363
EP  - 6374
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - For two methods commonly used to achieve canonical-ensemble sampling in a molecular-dynamics simulation, the Langevin thermostat and the Andersen [H. C. Andersen, J. Chem. Phys. 72, 2384 (1980)] thermostat, we observe, as have others, synchronization of initially independent trajectories in the same potential basin when the same random number sequence is employed. For the first time, we derive the time dependence of this synchronization for a harmonic well and show that the rate of synchronization is proportional to the thermostat coupling strength at weak coupling and inversely proportional at strong coupling with a peak in between. Explanations for the synchronization and the coupling dependence are given for both thermostats. Observation of the effect for a realistic 97-atom system indicates that this phenomenon is quite general. We discuss some of the implications of this effect and propose that it can be exploited to develop new simulation techniques. We give three examples: efficient thermalization (a concept which was also noted by Fahy and Hamann [S. Fahy and D. R. Hamann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 761 (1992)]), time-parallelization of a trajectory in an infrequent-event system, and detecting transitions in an infrequent-event system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - CANONICAL correlation (Statistics)
KW  - SYNCHRONIZATION
KW  - TRAJECTORY optimization
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - LANGEVIN equations
KW  - STOCHASTIC differential equations
N1  - Accession Number: 12633528; Uberuaga, Blas P. 1; Email Address: blas@lanl.gov Anghel, Marian 2 Voter, Arthur F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National, Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Computer and Computational Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 4/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 14, p6363; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: CANONICAL correlation (Statistics); Subject Term: SYNCHRONIZATION; Subject Term: TRAJECTORY optimization; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: LANGEVIN equations; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC differential equations; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667473
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12633528&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kawano, Akio
AU  - Yin Guo
AU  - Thompson, Donald L.
AU  - Wagner, Albert F.
AU  - Minkoff, Michael
T1  - Improving the accuracy of interpolated potential energy surfaces by using an analytical zeroth-order potential function.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 6414
EP  - 6422
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present a method for improving the accuracy and efficiency of interpolation methods, in which an analytical zeroth-order potential-energy surface is employed as a reference surface. To investigate and test the method, we apply it to hydrogen peroxide where there exists an accurate analytical surface which we take as the “exact” surface for obtaining the energies and derivatives for fitting and assessing the accuracy. Examples are given for four-dimensional and six-dimensional surfaces interpolated by using either the modified Shepard or second-degree interpolating moving least-squares approach, with comparisons for cases with and without using the zeroth-order potential. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERPOLATION spaces
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - HYDROGEN peroxide
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - ZEROTH law of thermodynamics
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
N1  - Accession Number: 12633523; Kawano, Akio 1 Yin Guo 1 Thompson, Donald L. 2 Wagner, Albert F. 3 Minkoff, Michael; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-0444  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 4/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 14, p6414; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION spaces; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: HYDROGEN peroxide; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: ZEROTH law of thermodynamics; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667458
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kunikeev, Sharif D.
AU  - Atilgan, Erdinç
AU  - Taylor, Howard S.
AU  - Kaledin, Alexey L.
AU  - Main, Jörg
T1  - An application of error reduction and harmonic inversion schemes to the semiclassical calculation of molecular vibrational energy levels.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 6478
EP  - 6486
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A singular value decomposition based harmonic inversion signal processing scheme is applied to the semiclassical initial value representation (IVR) calculation of molecular vibrational states. Relative to usual IVR procedure of Fourier analysis of a signal made from the Monte Carlo evaluation of the phase space integral in which many trajectories are needed, the new procedure obtains acceptable results with many fewer trajectories. Calculations are carried out for vibrational energy levels of H[sub 2]O to illustrate the overall procedure. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INITIAL value problems
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - MOLECULAR spectra
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
N1  - Accession Number: 12633516; Kunikeev, Sharif D. 1,2; Email Address: kunikeev@usc.edu Atilgan, Erdinç 1 Taylor, Howard S. 1 Kaledin, Alexey L. 3,4,5 Main, Jörg 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482  2: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia  3: Department of Chemistry and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  5: Department of Chemistry, Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scietific Computing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322  6: Institut für Theoretische Physik 1, Universität Stuttgart, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany; Source Info: 4/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 14, p6478; Subject Term: INITIAL value problems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectra; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652523
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neuefeind
AU  - J.
AU  - Soderholm
AU  - L.
AU  - Skanthakumar
AU  - S.
T1  - Experimental Coordination Environment of Uranyl(VI) in Aqueous Solution.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2733
EP  - 2739
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The coordination environment of a molecular UO22+ ion in aqueous solution is determined with X-ray scattering and interpreted taking into account the electron redistribution around the uranyl ion. The data indicate that uranyl coordinated to five water molecules is the dominating species, although a small percentage of the uranyl ions are coordinated to four waters. We argue that our result, taken together with calculated relative stabilities of 4- and 5-coordinated UO22+, are consistent with a dynamic equilibrium that favors five coordinating H2O. The data further indicate that electron transfer from the uranium(VI) to the uranyl-oxygen is incomplete and that the effective charge of the uranium is less than indicated by its formal valence. In addition, a partial electron transfer from the hydrating waters to the uranium takes place, further lowering the effective charge of the uranium atom. The results described herein are in agreement with recent density functional calculations for an actinyl-water cluster embedded in a dielectric continuum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - WATER
N1  - Accession Number: 12759239; Neuefeind J. 1 Soderholm L. 1 Skanthakumar S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 14, p2733; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: WATER; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang
AU  - M.
AU  - Somorjai
AU  - G. A.
T1  - Unusual Hydrogen Effect in Olefin Dehydrogenation:  1-Methylcyclohexene Dehydrogenation Initiated by Excess Hydrogen over Pt(111) Surfaces, a Combined Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy and Kinetic Study.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/04/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4405
EP  - 4410
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Dehydrogenation and hydrogenation of 1-methylcyclohexene (C7H12) at 1.5 Torr on Pt(111) in the presence and absence of excess hydrogen were studied using gas chromatography and sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy. Kinetic studies showed that the turnover rate (TOR), in molecules per Pt atom per second, for the dehydrogenation to toluene (C7H8) in the presence of 15 Torr of H2 increased continuously, starting at about 350 K. This onset temperature matches the onset temperature of the formation of the methylcyclohexenyl (C7H10 or C7H11) intermediates observed by SFG experiments, indicating that methylcyclohexenyl is a reactive surface intermediate in the dehydrogenation to toluene. In the absence of hydrogen, the TORs of the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions were negligible at 403 K. When 15 Torr of H2 was added, the dehydrogenation as well as the hydrogenation reactions began with constant rates (TOR = 0.042 and 0.016, respectively). This observation is consistent with an SFG measurement in which the methylcyclohexenyl intermediate was not detected until 5 Torr of H2 was added to 1.5 Torr of 1-methylcyclohexene. In light of these results, we discuss the rate-limiting step and the role of excess hydrogen in the 1-methylcyclohexene dehydrogenation reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - DEHYDROGENATION
KW  - CYCLOHEXANE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12759276; Yang M. 1 Somorjai G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 14, p4405; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENATION; Subject Term: CYCLOHEXANE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Hyun-Chul
AU  - Praszalowicz, Michal
T1  - Magnetic moments of exotic pentaquarks in the chiral quark–soliton model
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/04/08/
VL  - 585
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We investigate the magnetic moments of the baryon antidecuplet within the framework of the chiral quark–soliton model in the chiral limit, having fixed the dynamical parameters of the model by using the experimental data for those of the baryon octet. Sum rules for the magnetic moments are derived. The magnetic moment of <f>Θ+</f> is found to be about <f>0.2∼0.3μN</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - <f>Θ+</f>
KW  - Antidecuplet
KW  - Chiral soliton model
KW  - Magnetic moments
N1  - Accession Number: 12435056; Kim, Hyun-Chul 1; Email Address: hchkim@pusan.ac.kr Praszalowicz, Michal 2; Email Address: michal@quark.phy.bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, and Nuclear Physics and Radiation Technology Institute (NuRI), Pusan National University, 609-735 Busan, Republic of Korea  2: Nuclear Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 19973-5000, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 585 Issue 1/2, p99; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>Θ+</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antidecuplet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chiral soliton model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic moments; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.01.067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Mark T.
AU  - Mangel, Walter F.
T1  - Interaction of actin and its 11-amino acid C-terminal peptide as cofactors with the adenovirus proteinase
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 563
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Actin bound to the adenovirus proteinase (AVP) with a lower equilibrium dissociation constant, 4.2 nM, than those exhibited by two viral, nuclear cofactors for AVP, the 11-amino acid peptide pVIc and the viral DNA. The kcat/Km ratio for substrate hydrolysis by AVP increased 150 000-fold in the presence of actin. The 11-amino acid residue peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of actin, which is highly homologous to pVIc, bound to AVP and stimulated its activity in the presence of DNA. As a cellular cofactor for AVP, AVP(actin) complexes may facilitate the cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins, preparing the infected cell for lysis and release of nascent virions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYSTEINE proteinases
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - GENES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - 11-Actin-C, the 11-amino acid residue peptide from the C-terminus of actin (SGPSIVHRKCF)
KW  - AVP–pVIc, covalent complex between AVP and pVIc formed by the disulfide bond between Cys104 of AVP and Cys10′ of pVIc
KW  - AVP(actin), reversible complex between AVP and actin
KW  - AVP(DNA), reversible complex between AVP and DNA
KW  - AVP(pVIc), reversible complex between AVP and pVIc
KW  - AVP, adenovirus proteinase
KW  - Cell lysis
KW  - Cysteine proteinase
KW  - Cytoskeleton destruction
KW  - Enzyme activation
KW  - Equilibrium dissociation constant
KW  - kcat, catalytic rate constant for substrate hydrolysis
KW  - Kd, equilibrium dissociation constant
KW  - Km, Michaelis constant
KW  - pVIc, 11-amino acid peptide (GVQSLKRRRCF) that originates from the C-terminus of the viral precursor protein pVI
KW  - Random-Sequence-Peptide, an 11-amino acid peptide with the same amino acids as in pVIc but in a sequence that was generated randomly (SFRRCGLRQVK)
KW  - Viral proteinase
N1  - Accession Number: 12745090; Brown, Mark T. 1 Mangel, Walter F. 2; Email Address: mangel@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 563 Issue 1-3, p213; Subject Term: CYSTEINE proteinases; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 11-Actin-C, the 11-amino acid residue peptide from the C-terminus of actin (SGPSIVHRKCF); Author-Supplied Keyword: AVP–pVIc, covalent complex between AVP and pVIc formed by the disulfide bond between Cys104 of AVP and Cys10′ of pVIc; Author-Supplied Keyword: AVP(actin), reversible complex between AVP and actin; Author-Supplied Keyword: AVP(DNA), reversible complex between AVP and DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: AVP(pVIc), reversible complex between AVP and pVIc; Author-Supplied Keyword: AVP, adenovirus proteinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell lysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cysteine proteinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytoskeleton destruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enzyme activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equilibrium dissociation constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: kcat, catalytic rate constant for substrate hydrolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kd, equilibrium dissociation constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Km, Michaelis constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: pVIc, 11-amino acid peptide (GVQSLKRRRCF) that originates from the C-terminus of the viral precursor protein pVI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random-Sequence-Peptide, an 11-amino acid peptide with the same amino acids as in pVIc but in a sequence that was generated randomly (SFRRCGLRQVK); Author-Supplied Keyword: Viral proteinase; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00285-6
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Effect of the ionic strength of salts on retention and overloading behavior of ionizable compounds in reversed-phase liquid chromatography: I. XTerra-C<F>18</F>
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 1033
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The influence of the salt concentration (potassium chloride) on the retention and overloading behavior of the propranolol cation (R<F>′</F>-NH<F>2+</F>-R) on an XTerra-C<F>18</F> column, in a methanol:water solution, was investigated. The adsorption isotherm data were first determined by frontal analysis (FA) for a mobile phase without salt (25% methanol, v/v). It was shown that the adsorption energy distribution calculated from these raw adsorption data is bimodal and that the isotherm model that best accounts for these data is the bi-Moreau model. Assuming that the addition of a salt into the mobile phase changes the numerical values of the parameters of the isotherm model, not its mathematical form, we used the inverse method (IM) of chromatography to determine the isotherm with seven salt concentrations in the mobile phase (40% methanol, v/v; 0, 0.002, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 M). The saturation capacities of the model increase, <F>qs,1</F> by a factor two and <F>qs,2</F> by a factor four, with increasing salt concentration in the range studied while the adsorption constant <F>b1</F> increases four times and <F>b2</F> decreases four times. Adsorbate–adsorbate interactions vanish in the presence of salt, consistent with results obtained previously on a C<F>18</F>-Kromasil column. Finally, besides the ionic strength of the solution, the size, valence, and nature of the salt ions affect the thermodynamic as well as the mass transfer kinetics of the adsorption mechanism of propranolol on the XTerra column. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Water
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Ions
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Potassium chloride
KW  - Cations
KW  - Salt
KW  - Adsorption equilibrium
KW  - Adsorption isotherm
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Moreau isotherm model
KW  - Overloaded band profiles
KW  - Propranolol
KW  - Silica gel
N1  - Accession Number: 12434268; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 1033 Issue 1, p43; Thesaurus Term: Methanol; Thesaurus Term: Water; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Thesaurus Term: Thermodynamics; Subject Term: Potassium chloride; Subject Term: Cations; Subject Term: Salt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moreau isotherm model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overloaded band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propranolol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica gel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.01.027
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Effect of the ionic strength of salts on retention and overloading behavior of ionizable compounds in reversed-phase liquid chromatography: II. Symmetry-C<F>18</F>
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 1033
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 00219673
AB  - In a companion paper, we describe the influence of the concentration and the nature of salts dissolved in the mobile phase (methanol:water, 40:60, v/v) on the adsorption behavior of propranolol (R<F>′</F>&z.sbnd;NH2+&z.sbnd;R, Cl<F>−</F>) on XTerra-C<F>18</F>. The same experiments were repeated on a Symmetry-C<F>18</F> column to compare the adsorption mechanisms of this ionic compound on these two very different RPLC systems. Frontal analysis (FA) measurements were first carried out to determine the best isotherm model accounting for the adsorption behavior of propranolol hydrochloride on Symmetry with a mobile phase without salt (and only 25% methanol to compensate for the low retention in the absence of salt). The adsorption data were best modeled by the bi-Moreau model. Large concentration band profiles of propranolol were recorded with mobile phases having increasing KCl concentrations (0, 0.002, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 M) and the best values of the isotherm coefficients were determined by the inverse method (IM) of chromatography. The general effect of a dissociated salt in the mobile phase was the same as the one observed earlier with XTerra-C<F>18</F>. Increasing the salt concentration increases the two saturation capacities of the adsorbent and the adsorption constant on the low-energy sites. The adsorption constant on the high-energy sites decreases and the adsorbate–adsorbate interactions tend to vanish with increasing salt concentration of the mobile phase. The saturation capacities decrease with increasing radius of the monovalent cation (Na<F>+</F>, K<F>+</F>, Cs<F>+</F>, etc.). Using sulfate as a bivalent anion (Na<F>2</F>SO<F>4</F>) affects markedly the adsorption equilibrium: the saturation capacities are drastically reduced, the high-energy sites nearly disappear while the adsorption constant and the adsorbate–adsorbate interactions on the low-energy sites increase strongly. The complexity of the thermodynamics in solution might explain the different influences of these salts on the adsorption behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Water
KW  - Salt
KW  - Cations
KW  - Adsorption equilibrium
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Ionic strength
KW  - Moreau isotherm model
KW  - Overloaded band profiles
KW  - Propranolol
KW  - Salt effects
KW  - Silica
N1  - Accession Number: 12434269; Gritti, Fabrice 1; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 1033 Issue 1, p57; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Methanol; Thesaurus Term: Water; Subject Term: Salt; Subject Term: Cations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moreau isotherm model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overloaded band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propranolol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salt effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.01.029
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vigil, Dominico
AU  - Blumenthal, Donald K.
AU  - Heller, William T.
AU  - Brown, Simon
AU  - Canaves, Jaume M.
AU  - Taylor, Susan S.
AU  - Trewhella, Jill
T1  - Conformational Differences Among Solution Structures of the Type Iα, IIα and IIβ Protein Kinase A Regulatory Subunit Homodimers: Role of the Linker Regions
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 337
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1183
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The regulatory (R) subunits of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A or PKA) are multi-domain proteins responsible for conferring cAMP-dependence and localizing PKA to specific subcellular locations. There are four isoforms of the R subunit in mammals that are similar in molecular mass and domain organization, but clearly serve different biological functions. Although high-resolution structures are available for the cAMP-binding domains and dimerization/docking domains of two isoforms, there are no high-resolution structures of any of the intact R subunit homodimer isoforms. The results of small-angle X-ray scattering studies presented here indicate that the RIα, RIIα, and RIIβ homodimers differ markedly in overall shape, despite extensive sequence homology and similar molecular masses. The RIIα and RIIβ homodimers have very extended, rod-like shapes, whereas the RIα homodimer likely has a compact Y-shape. Based on a comparison of the R subunit sequences, we predict that the linker regions are the likely cause of these large differences in shape among the isoforms. In addition, we show that cAMP binding does not cause large conformational changes in type Iα or IIα R subunit homodimers, suggesting that the activation of PKA by cAMP involves only local conformational changes in the R subunits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - AKAP, A-kinase anchoring protein
KW  - C, subunit, catalytic subunit
KW  - D/D, dimerization/docking
KW  - isoform differences
KW  - PKA, protein kinase A
KW  - protein kinase A
KW  - R, subunit, regulatory subunit
KW  - regulatory subunit
KW  - SAXS, small-angle X-ray scattering
KW  - small-angle X-ray scattering
KW  - structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12577267; Vigil, Dominico 1 Blumenthal, Donald K. 2 Heller, William T. 3 Brown, Simon 1 Canaves, Jaume M. 4 Taylor, Susan S. 1 Trewhella, Jill 3; Email Address: jtrewhella@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA  2: Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  3: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Joint Center for Structural Genomics, Bioinformatics Core. La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 337 Issue 5, p1183; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: AKAP, A-kinase anchoring protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: C, subunit, catalytic subunit; Author-Supplied Keyword: D/D, dimerization/docking; Author-Supplied Keyword: isoform differences; Author-Supplied Keyword: PKA, protein kinase A; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein kinase A; Author-Supplied Keyword: R, subunit, regulatory subunit; Author-Supplied Keyword: regulatory subunit; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAXS, small-angle X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: small-angle X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: structure; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.02.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thrall, Karla D.
AU  - Woodstock, Angela D.
AU  - Kania, Melissa R.
T1  - Development of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Chlorobenzene in F-344 Rats.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 67
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
EP  - 536
SN  - 15287394
AB  - A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of chlorobenzene in rats was developed. Partition coefficients were experimentally determined in rat tissues and blood samples using an in vitro vial equilibration technique. These solubility ratios were in agreement with previous reports. The in vivo metabolism of chlorobenzene was evaluated using groups of three F344 male rats exposed to initial chlorobenzene concentrations ranging from 82 to 6750 ppm in a closed, recirculating gas uptake system. An optimal fit of the family of uptake curves was obtained by adjusting Michaelis-Menten metabolic constants, K m (affinity) and V max (capacity), using the PBPK model. At the highest chamber concentration, the uptake curve could not be modeled without the addition of a first-order (K fo ) metabolic pathway. Pretreatment with pyrazole, an inhibitor of oxidative microsomal metabolism, had no impact on the slope of the uptake curve. The completed PBPK model was evaluated against real-time exhaled breath data collected from rats receiving either an intraperitoneal (ip) injection or oral gavage dose of chlorobenzene in corn oil. Exhaled breath profiles were evaluated and absorption rates were determined. Development of the chlorobenzene PBPK model in rats is the first step toward future extrapolations to apply to humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROBENZENE
KW  - DRUG metabolism
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - INTRAPERITONEAL injections
KW  - PARTITION coefficient (Chemistry)
KW  - RATS as laboratory animals
N1  - Accession Number: 12453918; Thrall, Karla D. 1; Email Address: karla.thrall@pnl.gov Woodstock, Angela D. 1 Kania, Melissa R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.  2: U.S. Department of Energy Pre-Service Teacher Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 67 Issue 7, p525; Subject Term: CHLOROBENZENE; Subject Term: DRUG metabolism; Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Subject Term: INTRAPERITONEAL injections; Subject Term: PARTITION coefficient (Chemistry); Subject Term: RATS as laboratory animals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15287390490425731
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marcy, T. P.
AU  - Fahey, D. W.
AU  - Cao, R. S.
AU  - Popp, P. J.
AU  - Richard, E. C.
AU  - Thompson, T. L
AU  - Rosenlof, K. H.
AU  - Ray, E. A.
AU  - Salawitch, R. J.
AU  - Atherton, C. S.
AU  - Bergmann, D. J.
AU  - Ridley, B. A.
AU  - Weinheimer, A. J.
AU  - Loewenstein, M.
AU  - Weinstock, E. M.
AU  - Mahoney, M. J.
T1  - Quantifying Stratospheric Ozone in the Upper Tropospherewith in Situ Measurements of HCl.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5668
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 265
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We have developed a chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique for precise in situ measurements of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from a high-altitude aircraft. In measurements at subtropical latitudes, minimum HCl values found in the upper troposphere (UT) were often near or below the detection limit of the measurements (0.005 parts per billion by volume), indicating that background HCl values are much lower than a global mean estimate. However, significant abundances of HCl were observed in many UT air parcels, as a result of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport events. We developed a method for diagnosing the amount of stratospheric ozone in these UT parcels using the compact linear correlation of HCl with ozone found throughout the lower stratosphere (LS). Expanded use of this method will lead to improved quantification of cross-tropopause transport events and validation of global chemical transport models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OZONE layer
KW  - STRATOSPHERE
KW  - TROPOSPHERE
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12910507; Marcy, T. P. 1,2; Email Address: tmarcy@al.noaa.gov Fahey, D. W. 1,2 Cao, R. S. 1 Popp, P. J. 1,2 Richard, E. C. 1,2 Thompson, T. L 1 Rosenlof, K. H. 1 Ray, E. A. 1,2 Salawitch, R. J. 3 Atherton, C. S. 4 Bergmann, D. J. 4 Ridley, B. A. 5 Weinheimer, A. J. 5 Loewenstein, M. 6 Weinstock, E. M. 7 Mahoney, M. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.  2: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.  3: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.  4: Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  5: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, USA.  6: NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.  7: Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.; Source Info: 4/9/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5668, p261; Subject Term: OZONE layer; Subject Term: STRATOSPHERE; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERE; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamachika, R.
AU  - Grobis, M.
AU  - Wachowiak, A.
AU  - Crommie, M. F.
T1  - Controlled Atomic Doping of a Single C60Molecule.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/09/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5668
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 284
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report a method for controllably attaching an arbitrary number of charge dopant atoms directly to a single, isolated molecule. Charge-donating K atoms adsorbed on a silver surface were reversibly attached to a C[sub60] molecule by moving it over K atoms with a scanning tunneling microscope tip. Spectroscopic measurements reveal that each attached K atom donates a constant amount of charge (∼0.6 electron charge) to the C[sub60] host, thereby enabling its molecular electronic structure to be precisely and reversibly tuned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ALKALI metals
N1  - Accession Number: 12910513; Yamachika, R. 1 Grobis, M. 1 Wachowiak, A. 1 Crommie, M. F. 1; Email Address: crommie@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA.; Source Info: 4/9/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5668, p281; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2772
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brackbill, J.U.
T1  - Introduction to Harlow's scientific memoir
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/10/
VL  - 195
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
SN  - 00219991
N1  - Accession Number: 12638914; Brackbill, J.U. 1; Email Address: jub@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: T-3, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 195 Issue 2, p413; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.09.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harlow, Francis H.
T1  - Fluid dynamics in Group T-3 Los Alamos National Laboratory: (LA-UR-03-3852)
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/10/
VL  - 195
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 414
SN  - 00219991
AB  - The development of computer fluid dynamics has been closely associated with the evolution of large high-speed computers. At first the principal incentive was to produce numerical techniques for solving problems related to national defense. Soon, however, it was recognized that numerous additional scientific and engineering applications could be accomplished by means of modified techniques that extended considerably the capabilities of the early procedures. This paper describes some of this work at The Los Alamos National Laboratory, where many types of problems were solved for the first time with the newly emerging sequence of numerical capabilities. The discussions focus principally on those with which the author has been directly involved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - RELATIVISTIC fluid dynamics
KW  - RELATIVITY (Physics)
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics
KW  - History of computing
KW  - Incompressible flow
KW  - Multi-field flow
KW  - Relativistic fluids
KW  - Strong distortions
KW  - Turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 12638915; Harlow, Francis H. 1; Email Address: fhharlow@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-B216, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 195 Issue 2, p414; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: RELATIVISTIC fluid dynamics; Subject Term: RELATIVITY (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: History of computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Incompressible flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-field flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic fluids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strong distortions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.09.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cook, Andrew W.
AU  - Cabot, William H.
T1  - A high-wavenumber viscosity for high-resolution numerical methods
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/10/
VL  - 195
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 594
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A spectral-like viscosity is proposed for centered differencing schemes to help stabilize numerical solutions and reduce oscillations near discontinuities. Errors introduced by the added dissipation can be made arbitrarily small by adjusting the power of the derivative in the viscosity term. The high-wavenumber viscosity is combined with a 10th-order compact scheme to produce an accurate and efficient shock-capturing method. The new scheme compares favorably with other shock-capturing algorithms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - 47.11.+j
KW  - Artificial viscosity
KW  - Compact schemes
KW  - Shock capturing
N1  - Accession Number: 12638923; Cook, Andrew W.; Email Address: awcook@llnl.gov Cabot, William H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 195 Issue 2, p594; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: 47.11.+j; Author-Supplied Keyword: Artificial viscosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compact schemes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock capturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, J.B.
AU  - Day, M.S.
AU  - Rendleman, C.A.
AU  - Woosley, S.E.
AU  - Zingale, M.A.
T1  - Adaptive low Mach number simulations of nuclear flame microphysics
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/10/
VL  - 195
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We introduce a numerical model for the simulation of nuclear flames in Type Ia supernovae. This model is based on a low Mach number formulation that analytically removes acoustic wave propagation while retaining the compressibility effects resulting from nuclear burning. The formulation presented here generalizes low Mach number models used in combustion that are based on an ideal gas approximation to the arbitrary equations of state such as those describing the degenerate matter found in stellar material. The low Mach number formulation permits time steps that are controlled by the advective time scales resulting in a substantial improvement in computational efficiency compared to a compressible formulation. We briefly discuss the basic discretization methodology for the low Mach number equations and their implementation in an adaptive projection framework. We present validation computations in which the computational results from the low Mach number model are compared to a compressible code and present an application of the methodology to the Landau–Darrieus instability of a carbon flame. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACH number
KW  - MICROPHYSICS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12638927; Bell, J.B. 1 Day, M.S. 1 Rendleman, C.A. 1; Email Address: CARendleman@lbl.gov Woosley, S.E. 2 Zingale, M.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50A/114, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 195 Issue 2, p677; Subject Term: MACH number; Subject Term: MICROPHYSICS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ober, Curtis C.
AU  - Shadid, John N.
T1  - Studies on the accuracy of time-integration methods for the radiation–diffusion equations
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/10/
VL  - 195
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 743
SN  - 00219991
AB  - The governing equations for the radiation–diffusion approximation to radiative transport are a system of highly nonlinear, multiple time-scale, partial-differential equations. The numerical solution of these equations for very large-scale simulations is most often carried out using semi-implicit linearization or operator-splitting techniques. These techniques do not fully converge the nonlinearities of the system so as to reduce the cost and complexity of the transient solution at each time step. For a given time-step size, this process exchanges temporal accuracy for computational efficiency. This study considers the temporal-accuracy issue by presenting detailed numerical-convergence studies for problems related to radiation–diffusion simulations. In this context a particular spatial discretization based on a Galerkin finite-element technique is used. The time-integration methods that we consider include: fully implicit, semi-implicit, and operator-splitting techniques. Results are presented for the relative accuracy and the asymptotic order of accuracy of the various methods. The results demonstrate both first-order and second-order asymptotic order of accuracy for the fully implicit, semi-implicit, and the operator-splitting schemes. Additionally a second-order operator-splitting linearized-diffusion method is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
N1  - Accession Number: 12638930; Ober, Curtis C. 1; Email Address: ccober@sandia.gov Shadid, John N. 2; Email Address: jnshadi@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Science Department, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0316, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0316, USA  2: Computational Science Department, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1111, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1111, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 195 Issue 2, p743; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Group representations and multinomial combinatorics of the icosahedral symmetry.
JO  - Molecular Physics
JF  - Molecular Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/10/
VL  - 102
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 659
EP  - 679
SN  - 00268976
AB  - The icosahedral symmetry is one of the most intriguing symmetries, as it not only presents a challenge but it appears in many fullerenes and high energetic materials such as the dodecahedral N 20 . We have considered the combinatorics of all irreducible representations of the icosahedral symmetry for a number of multinomial partitions for vertex, face and edge colourings in this work. We have constructed the combinatorial tables for all irreducible representations for various multinomial partitions of colourings for the vertices, edge and faces of the icosahedron. These techniques should have important applications to enumerations and spectroscopy of fullerenes and high-energy materials such as N 20 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ICOSAHEDRA
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - POLYHEDRA
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - COLORING matter
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
N1  - Accession Number: 13379650; Balasubramanian, K. 1; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Image Processing, and Integrated Computing, University of California, Davis, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Univeristy of California, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA;Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 4/10/2004, Vol. 102 Issue 7, p659; Subject Term: ICOSAHEDRA; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: POLYHEDRA; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: COLORING matter; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, S.A.
AU  - Droubay, T.
AU  - Kaspar, T.C.
AU  - Gutowski, M.
AU  - van Schilfgaarde, M.
T1  - Accurate valence band maximum determination for SrTiO3(0 0 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/04/10/
VL  - 554
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We reexamine a well-established method for determining valence band maxima (VBM) in semiconductors based on fitting photoemission valence band spectra to theoretical densities of states. In contrast to the situation for covalent semiconductors, application of this technique to SrTiO3 produces poor fits when the density of states is computed within the local density or generalized gradient approximation. The resulting VBM is too high by several tenths of an eV. However, an excellent fit, and a more physically reasonable VBM, is obtained when the density of states is computed within a recently-developed self-consistent GW approximation. Extrapolating the X-ray excited leading edge to the energy axis, and finding the energy at which the UV-excited leading edge intensity goes to zero, also yield physically reasonable VBM values that are in good mutual agreement, and in good agreement with the VBM obtained by fitting to GW theory. These numbers are useful for accurate band offset determination. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL elements -- Spectra
KW  - Heterojunctions
KW  - Semiconducting surfaces
KW  - Surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.)
N1  - Accession Number: 12642554; Chambers, S.A. 1; Email Address: sa.chambers@pnl.gov Droubay, T. 1 Kaspar, T.C. 1 Gutowski, M. 1 van Schilfgaarde, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 876006, Tempe, AZ 85287-6006, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 554 Issue 2/3, p81; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements -- Spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterojunctions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconducting surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.02.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Fenter, P.
AU  - Cheng, L.
AU  - Sturchio, N.C.
AU  - Bedzyk, M.J.
AU  - Machesky, M.L.
AU  - Wesolowski, D.J.
T1  - Model-independent X-ray imaging of adsorbed cations at the crystal–water interface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/04/10/
VL  - 554
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - L95
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We describe an approach to directly image three-dimensional elemental distributions at the crystal–liquid interface with ∼1 A˚ spatial resolution. This method, based on the Fourier synthesis of X-ray standing wave data, is demonstrated by imaging the distribution of Sr2+, Zn2+ and Y3+ adsorbed to the rutile (1 1 0)-water interface with no a priori assumptions. The approach resolves distinct sites and is robust for systems with single or multiple simultaneous adsorption sites. The observed ion distributions reveal unexpected differences in the adsorption sites of these cations that are needed to interpret electrical double-layer phenomena using surface complexation models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - TITANIUM ores
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - Adatoms
KW  - Solid–liquid interfaces
KW  - Surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.)
KW  - Titanium oxide
KW  - X-ray standing waves
N1  - Accession Number: 12642548; Zhang, Z. 1,2 Fenter, P. 1; Email Address: fenter@anl.gov Cheng, L. 1 Sturchio, N.C. 1,3 Bedzyk, M.J. 1,2 Machesky, M.L. 4 Wesolowski, D.J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, ER-203, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Institute for Environmental Catalysis, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  3: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA  4: Illinois Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61820, USA  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 554 Issue 2/3, pL95; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: TITANIUM ores; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: CATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adatoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–liquid interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray standing waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2003.11.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abe, Minori
AU  - Yanai, Takeshi
AU  - Nakajima, Takahito
AU  - Hirao, Kimihiko
T1  - A four-index transformation in Dirac's four-component relativistic theory
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/11/
VL  - 388
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
SN  - 00092614
AB  - An efficient integral transformation program based on the four-component spinors resulting from the Dirac–Hartree–Fock (DHF) method is implemented in the Rel4d program. By adopting generally contracted spherical harmonic Gaussian-type spinors, the small-component basis functions are almost half as many as the basis expansion with the decoupled scalar spin orbitals. This advantage is exploited to enhance the efficiency in the integral transformation. The present integral transformation program is 4–8 times faster than the pioneering programs of Molfdir and Dirac. As an illustrative example, the CCSD and CCSD(T) methods are successfully applied to the ground state of thallium hydride. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THALLIUM
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
KW  - GENERAL relativity (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12642780; Abe, Minori 1 Yanai, Takeshi 2 Nakajima, Takahito 1,3; Email Address: nakajima@t.u-tokyo.ac.jp Hirao, Kimihiko 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS6367, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367, USA  3: PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 388 Issue 1-3, p68; Subject Term: THALLIUM; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Subject Term: GENERAL relativity (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.02.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barish, K.N.
AU  - Botelho, S.
AU  - Chang, W.C.
AU  - Dietzsch, O.
AU  - Franz, A.
AU  - Fung, S.Y.
AU  - Kotchenda, L.
AU  - Kotchetkov, D.
AU  - Kravtsov, P.
AU  - Lebedev, A.
AU  - Li, X.H.
AU  - Mahon, J.
AU  - Mioduszewski, S.
AU  - Muniruzzaman, M.
AU  - Nandi, B.
AU  - O'Brien, E.
AU  - Pisani, R.P.
AU  - Rosati, M.
AU  - Seto, R.
AU  - Silva, C.L.
T1  - TEC/TRD for the PHENIX experiment
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/11/
VL  - 522
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The TEC/TRD is a set of large multi-wire tracking chambers in the PHENIX experiment with fiber radiators in front of the tracking volume. It provides charged-particle pattern recognition, momentum measurement and particle identification through determinations of both ionization energy loss <f>(dE/dx)</f> and associated transition radiation (TR) photons. A custom front-end electronics is instrumented with a dual-gain system to read out the <f>dE/dx</f> and the TR events. A recirculating gas system for the Xe-based mixture is developed. The device will be fully operational starting in December 2003. It will provide <f>e/π</f> separation with momenta ranging from 0.25 to <f>50 GeV/c</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Ionization loss
KW  - Multi-wire chambers
KW  - Transition radiation
KW  - Xenon recovery system
N1  - Accession Number: 12642659; Barish, K.N. 1 Botelho, S. 2 Chang, W.C. 3 Dietzsch, O. 2 Franz, A. 4 Fung, S.Y. 1 Kotchenda, L. 5 Kotchetkov, D. 1 Kravtsov, P. 5 Lebedev, A. 6 Li, X.H. 1; Email Address: lixh@rcf2.rhic.bnl.gov Mahon, J. 4 Mioduszewski, S. 4 Muniruzzaman, M. 1 Nandi, B. 1 O'Brien, E. 4 Pisani, R.P. 4 Rosati, M. 6 Seto, R. 1 Silva, C.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  2: Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil  3: Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: PNPI,Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia  6: Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 1/2, p56; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-wire chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon recovery system; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.01.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nevski, Pavel
T1  - Advances in the simulation of Transition Radiation Detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/11/
VL  - 522
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Different techniques used to simulate the behaviour of the Transition Radiation Detectors are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Full simulation
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Transition radiation
KW  - TRD
N1  - Accession Number: 12642674; Nevski, Pavel 1; Email Address: pavel.nevski@cern.ch; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 1/2, p116; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Full simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: TRD; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.01.030
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12642674&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Connor, Paul
T1  - Analog front ends for highly segmented detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/11/
VL  - 522
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The evolution of analog front end ASICs is being driven by the increasing interest in fine-grained detectors and by rapid reduction in transistor feature size. Existing and proposed 2D pad and pixel detectors are moving towards higher segmentation in order to increase position resolution and/or signal-to-noise ratio. As pixel density increases above <f>104 pixels/cm2</f>, the power dissipation of the front-end ASIC becomes a serious constraint. We discuss the power-constrained noise optimization of ASIC front ends in scaled CMOS technology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - APPLICATION-specific integrated circuits
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ANALOG computer simulation
KW  - Charge-sensitive amplifiers
KW  - CMOS
KW  - Pixel detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 12642676; O'Connor, Paul 1; Email Address: poc@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg 535b, Instrumentation Division, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 1/2, p126; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: APPLICATION-specific integrated circuits; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ANALOG computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge-sensitive amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pixel detectors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.01.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Möller, Peter
AU  - Sierk, Arnold J.
AU  - Ichikawa, Takatoshi
AU  - Iwamoto, Akira
T1  - Calculation of high-dimensional fission-fusion potential-energy surfaces in the SHE region.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/12/
VL  - 704
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 59
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We calculate in a macroscopic-microscopic model fission-fusion potential-energy surfaces relevant to the analysis of heavy-ion reactions employed to form heavy-element evaporation residues. We study these multidimensional potential-energy surfaces both inside and outside the touching point. Inside the point of contact we define the potential on a multi-million-point grid in 5D deformation space where elongation, merging projectile and target spheroidal shapes, neck radius and projectile/target mass asymmetry are independent shape variables. The same deformation space and the corresponding potential-energy surface also describe the shape evolution from the nuclear ground-state to separating fragments in fission, and the fast-fission trajectories in incomplete fusion. For separated nuclei we study the macroscopic-microscopic potential energy, that is the “collision surface” between a spheroidally deformed target and a spheroidally deformed projectile as a function of three coordinates which are: the relative location of the projectile center-of-mass with respect to the target center-of-mass and the spheroidal deformations of the target and the projectile. We limit our study to the most favorable relative positions of target and projectile, namely that the symmetry axes of the target and projectile are collinear. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13384899; Möller, Peter 1 Sierk, Arnold J. 1 Ichikawa, Takatoshi 2 Iwamoto, Akira 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA  2: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Takai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, Japan; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 704 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737096
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Li, S. X.
AU  - Armitage, R.
AU  - Ho, J. C.
AU  - Weber, E. R.
AU  - Haller, E. E.
AU  - Lu, Hai
AU  - Schaff, William J.
AU  - Barcz, A.
AU  - Jakiela, R.
T1  - Effects of electron concentration on the optical absorption edge of InN.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/12/
VL  - 84
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2805
EP  - 2807
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - InN films with free electron concentrations ranging from mid-1017 to mid-1020 cm-3 have been studied using optical absorption, Hall effect, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The optical absorption edge covers a wide energy range from the intrinsic band gap of InN of about 0.7 to about 1.7 eV which is close to the previously accepted band gap of InN. The electron concentration dependence of the optical absorption edge energy is fully accounted for by the Burstein–Moss shift. Results of secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements indicate that O and H impurities cannot fully account for the free electron concentration in the films. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - HALL effect
KW  - SPECTROMETRY
KW  - GALVANOMAGNETIC effects
KW  - ELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12754130; Wu, J. 1 Walukiewicz, W. 1 Li, S. X. 2 Armitage, R. 2 Ho, J. C. 2 Weber, E. R. 2 Haller, E. E. 2 Lu, Hai 3 Schaff, William J. 3 Barcz, A. 4 Jakiela, R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853  4: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland; Source Info: 4/12/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 15, p2805; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject Term: HALL effect; Subject Term: SPECTROMETRY; Subject Term: GALVANOMAGNETIC effects; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1704853
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Xidong
AU  - Sullivan, J. P.
AU  - Friedmann, T. A.
AU  - Gibson, J. Murray
T1  - Fluctuation microscopy studies of medium-range ordering in amorphous diamond-like carbon films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/12/
VL  - 84
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2823
EP  - 2825
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In this letter, we report fluctuation microscopy studies of medium-range ordering in amorphous diamond-like carbon films and the effect of annealing on this ordering. Annealed and unannealed diamond-like carbon films have almost identical short-range order. Our fluctuation microscopy results, however, indicate the presence of medium range order or clustering in the films on a lateral length scale that exceeds 1 nm. Within the clustered regions, the dominant local ordering appears to be diamond-like, and graphite-like ordering is not observed. Thermal annealing up to 600 °C leads to an increase in diamond-like clustering with no onset of graphite-like clustering. However, after high temperature annealing up to 1000 °C, graphite-like clustering becomes apparent as a result of the conversion of diamond-like carbon to graphite-like carbon. The results on the as-deposited films and films annealed up to 600 °C suggest that a spontaneous medium range ordering process occurs in diamond-like carbon films during and subsequent to film growth, and this may play an important role in stress relaxation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - CARBON
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 12754124; Chen, Xidong 1,2 Sullivan, J. P. 3 Friedmann, T. A. 3 Gibson, J. Murray 4; Affiliation:  1: Cedarville University, Cedarville, Ohio 45314  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Nanostructure and Semiconductor Physics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  4: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 4/12/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 15, p2823; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1713048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennedy, R. J.
AU  - Stampe, P. A.
AU  - Erhong Hu, P. A.
AU  - Peng Xiong
AU  - von Molnár, Stephan
AU  - Yan Xin
T1  - Hopping transport in TiO2:Co: A signature of multiphase behavior.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/12/
VL  - 84
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2832
EP  - 2834
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - TiO2:Co films have been grown in the rutile phase under varying oxygen growth pressures. Detailed microstructural analysis using transmission electron microscopy shows that reduced growth pressure increases the presence of cobalt clusters. The resistivity is found to follow a log(ρ)∼T-1/2 dependence over a wide temperature range. This behavior is characteristic of hopping transport in multiphase systems and implies the presence of cobalt clustering. Thus, transport measurements are shown to be sensitive to the appearance of metallic clusters in these systems and suggest a rapid method for determing the presence of clustering in these and other magnetically doped semiconductor systems. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - COBALT
KW  - EFFECT of temperature on metals
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS -- Defects
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12754121; Kennedy, R. J. 1; Email Address: kennedy@lmfp.nhmfl.gov Stampe, P. A. 1 Erhong Hu, P. A. 2 Peng Xiong 2 von Molnár, Stephan 2 Yan Xin 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307  2: MARTECH and Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: 4/12/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 15, p2832; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: EFFECT of temperature on metals; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS -- Defects; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1704857
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katsarakis, N.
AU  - Koschny, T.
AU  - Kafesaki, M.
AU  - Economou, E. N.
AU  - Soukoulis, C. M.
T1  - Electric coupling to the magnetic resonance of split ring resonators.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/12/
VL  - 84
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2943
EP  - 2945
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We study both theoretically and experimentally the transmission properties of a lattice of split ring resonators (SRRs) for different electromagnetic (EM) field polarizations and propagation directions. We find unexpectedly that the incident electric field E couples to the magnetic resonance of the SRR when the EM waves propagate perpendicular to the SRR plane and the incident E is parallel to the gap-bearing sides of the SRR. This is manifested by a dip in the transmission spectrum. A simple analytic model is introduced to explain this interesting behavior. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 12754084; Katsarakis, N. 1; Email Address: katsan@iesl.forth.gr Koschny, T. 1 Kafesaki, M. 1 Economou, E. N. 2,3 Soukoulis, C. M. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece  2: IESL-FORTH, P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece  3: Department of Physics, University of Crete, Greece  4: IESL-FORTH, and Department of Materials Science and Technology, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece  5: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 4/12/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 15, p2943; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695439
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeong, Hae-Kyung
AU  - Skomski, R.
AU  - Waldfried, C.
AU  - Komesu, Takashi
AU  - Dowben, P.A.
AU  - Vescovo, E.
T1  - The effective spin dependent Debye temperature of Gd(0001)
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/04/12/
VL  - 324
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
SN  - 03759601
AB  - The collective vibrational motions along the surface normal direction of the expansively strained Gd(0001) surface has been investigated. The effective Debye temperature, indicative of the dynamic motion of lattice normal to the surface, is <f>137±35</f> K from X-ray photoemission. With angle-resolved spin polarized photoemission spectroscopy, the Debye temperature is determined to be <f>79±35</f> K in spin majority, and <f>125±35</f> K for spin minority. Residual spin-mixing contributions to bands with Stoner like behavior as well as contributions from the spin dependent plasmon modes for Gd(0001) are implicated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earths
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - Lattice vibrations and electron–phonon interaction
KW  - Rare earth
KW  - Surface Debye temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 12642741; Jeong, Hae-Kyung 1 Skomski, R. 1 Waldfried, C. 1 Komesu, Takashi 1 Dowben, P.A. 1; Email Address: pdowben@unl.edu Vescovo, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Center for Materials Research and Analysis, Behlen Laboratory, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0111, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 324 Issue 2/3, p242; Subject Term: RARE earths; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPIN waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice vibrations and electron–phonon interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface Debye temperature; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.02.071
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Green, Terry B.
AU  - Ganesh, Omjoy
AU  - Perry, Kyle
AU  - Smith, Leif
AU  - Phylip, Lowri H.
AU  - Logan, Timothy M.
AU  - Hagen, Stephen J.
AU  - Dunn, Ben M.
AU  - Edison, Arthur S.
T1  - IA3, an Aspartic Proteinase Inhibitor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Is Intrinsically Unstructured in Solution.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/13/
VL  - 43
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4071
EP  - 4081
SN  - 00062960
AB  - IA3 is a highly specific and potent 68-amino acid endogenous inhibitor of yeast proteinase A (YprA), and X-ray crystallographic studies have shown that IA3 binds to YprA as an α-helix [Li, M., Phylip, L. H., Lees, W. E., Winther, J. R., Dunn, B. M., Wlodawer, A., Kay, J., and Gustchina, A. (2000) Nat. Struct. Biol. 7, 113-1l7]. Surprisingly, only residues 2-32 of IA3 are seen in the X-ray structure, and the remaining residues are believed to be disordered in the complex. We have used circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to show that IA3 is unstructured in the absence of YprA. Specifically, IA3 produced a CD spectrum characteristic of an unstructured peptide, and the 15N HSQC NMR spectra of IA3 were characteristic of a polypeptide lacking intrinsic structure. We characterized the unstructured state of IA3 by using singular-value decomposition (SVD) to analyze the CD data in the presence of TFE, by fully assigning the unbound IA3 protein by NMR and comparing the chemical shifts to published random-coil values, and by measuring 1H-15N heteronuclear NOEs, which are all consistent with an unfolded protein. The IA3 samples used for NMR analyses were active and inhibited YprA with an inhibition constant (K) of 1.7 nM, and the addition of YprA led to a large spectral transition in IA3. Calorimetric (ITC) data also show that the overall enthalpy of the interaction between IA3 and YprA is exothermic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - DICHROISM
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - AMINO acids
N1  - Accession Number: 13019306; Green, Terry B. 1 Ganesh, Omjoy 1 Perry, Kyle 1 Smith, Leif 1 Phylip, Lowri H. 2 Logan, Timothy M. 3,4 Hagen, Stephen J. 5 Dunn, Ben M. 1 Edison, Arthur S. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Box 100245, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0245.  2: School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, P.O. Box 911, Cardiff CF10 3US, Wales, United Kingdom.  3: Department of Chemistry and Program in Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306.  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310.  5: Department of Physics, Box 118440, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440.; Source Info: 4/13/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 14, p4071; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: DICHROISM; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi034823n
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yue Zou
AU  - Ma, Huaxian
AU  - Minko, Irna G.
AU  - Shell, Steven M.
AU  - Zhengguan Yang, Steven M.
AU  - Youxing Qu
AU  - Ying Xu
AU  - Geacintov, Nicholas E.
AU  - Lloyd, R. Stephen
T1  - DNA Damage Recognition of Mutated Forms of UvrB Proteins in Nucleotide Excision Repair.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/13/
VL  - 43
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4196
EP  - 4205
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The DNA repair protein UvrB plays an indispensable role in the stepwise and sequential damage recognition of nucleotide excision repair in Escherichia coli. Our previous studies suggested that UvrB is responsible for the chemical damage recognition only upon a strand opening mediated by UvrA. Difficulties were encountered in studying the direct interaction of UvrB with adducts due to the presence of UvrA. We report herein that a single point mutation of Y95W in which a tyrosine is replaced by a tryptophan results in an UvrB mutant that is capable of efficiently binding to structure-specific DNA adducts even in the absence of UvrA. This mutant is fully functional in the UvrABC incisions. The dissociation constant for the mutant-DNA adduct interaction was less than 100 nM at physiological temperatures as determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. In contrast, similar substitutions at other residues in the β-hairpin with tryptophan or phenylalanine do not confer UvrB such binding ability. Homology modeling of the structure of E. coli UvrB shows that the aromatic ring of residue Y95 and only Y95 directly points into the DNA binding cleft. We have also examined UvrB recognition of both "normal" bulky BPDEDNA and protein-cross-linked DNA (DPC) adducts and the roles of aromatic residues of the β-hairpin in the recognition of these lesions. A mutation of Y92W resulted in an obvious decrease in the efficiency of UvrABC incisions of normal adducts, while the incision of the DPC adduct is dramatically increased. Our results suggest that Y92 may function differently with these two types of adducts, while the Y95 residue plays an unique role in stabilizing the interaction of UvrB with DNA damage, most likely by a hydrophobic stacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13019320; Yue Zou 1; Email Address: zouy@etsu.edu Ma, Huaxian 1 Minko, Irna G. 2 Shell, Steven M. 1 Zhengguan Yang, Steven M. 1 Youxing Qu 3 Ying Xu 3 Geacintov, Nicholas E. 4 Lloyd, R. Stephen 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614.  2: Sealy Center for Molecular Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555.  3: Protein Informatics Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.  4: Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003.; Source Info: 4/13/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 14, p4196; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi035992a
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Baowei
AU  - Squier, Thomas C.
AU  - Bigelowt, Diana J.
T1  - Calcium Activation of the Ca-ATPase Enhances Conformational Heterogeneity between Nucleotide Binding and Phosphorylation Domains.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/13/
VL  - 43
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4366
EP  - 4374
SN  - 00062960
AB  - High-resolution crystal structures obtained in two conformations of the Ca-ATPase suggest that a large-scale rigid-body domain reorientation of approximately 50° involving the nucleotide-binding (N) domain is required to permit the transfer of the γ-phosphoryl group of ATP to Asp351 in the phosphorylation (P) domain during coupled calcium transport. However, variability observed in the orientations of the N domain relative to the P domain in the different crystal structures of the Ca-ATPase following calcium activation and the structures of other P-type ATPases suggests the presence of conformational heterogeneity in solution, which may be modulated by contact interactions within the crystal. Therefore, to address the extent of conformational heterogeneity between these domains in solution, we have used fluorescence resonance energy transfer to measure the spatial separation and conformational heterogeneity between donor (i.e., 5- [[2- [(iodoacetyl)amino]ethyl]amino]naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid) and acceptor (i.e., fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate) chromophores covalently bound to the P and N domains, respectively, within the Ca-ATPase stabilized in different enzymatic states associated with the transport cycle. In comparison to the unliganded enzyme, the spatial separation and conformational heterogeneity between these domains are unaffected by enzyme phosphorylation. However, calcium activation results in a 3.4 Å increase in the average spatial separation, from 29.4 to 32.8 Å, in good agreement with the 4.3 Å increase in the distance estimated from high-resolution structures where these sites are respectively separated by 31.6 Å (1IWO.pdb) and 35.9 Å (1 EUL.pdb). Thus, the crystal structures accurately reflect the average solution structures of the Ca-ATPase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphate
KW  - ENZYMES
N1  - Accession Number: 13019338; Chen, Baowei 1 Squier, Thomas C. 1 Bigelowt, Diana J. 1; Email Address: diana.bigelow@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Cell Biology Group, Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 4/13/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 14, p4366; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphate; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi0356350
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fluss, M.J.
AU  - Wirth, B.D.
AU  - Wall, M.
AU  - Felter, T.E.
AU  - Caturla, M.J.
AU  - Kubota, A.
AU  - Rubia, T. Diaz de la
T1  - Temperature-dependent defect properties from ion-irradiation in Pu(Ga)
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/04/14/
VL  - 368
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
SN  - 09258388
AB  - We report the measured decrease of electrical resistivity during isochronal-annealing of ion irradiation damage accumulated at low-temperature (10 or 20 K), and the temperature dependence of the resistance of defect populations produced by low-temperature damage-accumulation and annealing in a stabilized δ-phase plutonium alloy, Pu(3.3 at.% Ga). The normalized change in resistivity is compared for a specimen that was either self-irradiated (from Pu α-decay and the associated uranium-recoil) or 3.8 MeV proton-irradiated with a Pelletron electrostatic accelerator. Modeling of the annealing data through combined molecular dynamics (MD) and kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) methods describes the defect populations as a function of irradiation type and annealing temperature. It is observed that interstitial clustering is extant for the self-irradiation, but that the corresponding vacancies from the uranium damage cascade appear to be more point defect-like, as exhibited by their subsequent annealing behavior and comparison with the experimental annealing properties from the proton-irradiation. We also report the temperature dependence of the resistance of defects resulting from low-temperature damage accumulation and subsequent annealing at three temperatures: 30, 150, and 250 K. For the two defect populations dominated by vacancies and vacancy clusters (150 and 250 K), we observe a temperature-dependent defect population resistance of the form −<F>a[ln(T)]+b</F> suggestive of a Kondo impurity. A discussion of possible causes leading to this observation and their effects, as it might relate to the nature of the δ-phase of Pu, are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - RADIATION injuries
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Kondo impurity
KW  - Pu
KW  - Quantum criticality
KW  - Radiation damage
KW  - Vacancies
N1  - Accession Number: 12575704; Fluss, M.J.; Email Address: fluss1@llnl.gov Wirth, B.D. 1 Wall, M. 1 Felter, T.E. 1 Caturla, M.J. 1 Kubota, A. 1 Rubia, T. Diaz de la 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94577, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 368 Issue 1/2, p62; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: RADIATION injuries; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kondo impurity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pu; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum criticality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vacancies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.08.080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kefu Fu
AU  - Huaping Li
AU  - Bing Zhou
AU  - Kitaygorodskiy, Alex
AU  - Allard, Lawrence F.
AU  - Ya-Ping Sun
T1  - Deuterium Attachment to Carbon Nanotubes in Deuterated Water.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/04/14/
VL  - 126
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4669
EP  - 4675
SN  - 00027863
AB  - A systematic investigation on the unusual attachment of labile deuterium to carbon nanotubes in deuterated water and alcohols is reported. The carbon nanotubes were solubilized through the established functionalization of the nanotube-bound carboxylic acids to allow solution-phase reaction and characterization. The deuterium attachment was found under several experimental conditions, including the use of deuterated ethanol as a co-reactant in the nanotube functionalization reaction and the refluxing of functionalized or simply purified carbon nanotubes in deuterated water and alcohols. The solubility of the functionalized carbon nanotube samples in common organic solvents and water allowed unambiguous ²H NMR characterization. The reproducible broad ²H NMR signal at ∼ 6.5 ppm is assigned to carbon nanotube-attached deuterium species. The assignment is supported by the results from FT-IR measurements. The carbon--deuterium interaction is so strong that the corresponding vibration resembles the typical C--D stretching mode in the characteristic frequency region. The FT-IR peak intensities also correlate well with the ²H NMR signal integrations in a series of samples. Mechanistic implications of the results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance microscopy
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CHEMICAL research
N1  - Accession Number: 12999286; Kefu Fu 1 Huaping Li 1 Bing Zhou 1 Kitaygorodskiy, Alex 1 Allard, Lawrence F. 2 Ya-Ping Sun 1; Email Address: syaping@clemson.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films, Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina.  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Source Info: 4/14/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 14, p4669; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance microscopy; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipton, Andrew S.
AU  - Heck, Robert W.
AU  - Ellis, Paul D.
T1  - Zinc Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy of Human Carbonic Anhydrase: Implications for the Enzymatic Mechanism.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/04/14/
VL  - 126
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4735
EP  - 4739
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The pH dependence of the 67Zn solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human carbonic anhydrase (CAII) has been investigated to characterize the nature of the fourth ligand. CAII, through the Zn2+-bound hydroxide, catalyzes the deceptively simple reaction: CO2 + H2O ⇋ HCO3- + H+. The accepted mechanism for CAII would predict that water would be bound to the Zn2+ at pH 5 and hydroxide would be bound at pH 8.5. The measured values for the electric field gradient (EFG) or quadrupole coupling constant (Cq) for CAII are independent of pH within the limits of the experimental error, i.e., 9.8 ± 0.2 MHz. The EFG interaction has been predicted by ab initio electronic structure calculations for water and hydroxide bound to the zinc, including various levels of hydrogen bonding. After comparing the predicted Cq's with the experimental values, we conclude that the species present from pH 5-8.5 is the hydroxide form. The NMR data presented here is not consistent with the accepted mechanism for CAII. We show that the NMR data is consistent with an alternative mechanism of CAII. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ZINC
KW  - CHEMICAL research
N1  - Accession Number: 12999295; Lipton, Andrew S. 1 Heck, Robert W. 1 Ellis, Paul D. 1; Email Address: paul.ellis@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Macromolecualr Structure & Dynamics Directorate, W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.; Source Info: 4/14/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 14, p4735; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: CHEMICAL research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sannita, W.G.
AU  - Acquaviva, M.
AU  - Ball, S.L.
AU  - Belli, F.
AU  - Bisti, S.
AU  - Bidoli, V.
AU  - Carozzo, S.
AU  - Casolino, M.
AU  - Cucinotta, F.
AU  - De Pascale, M.P.
AU  - Di Fino, L.
AU  - Di Marco, S.
AU  - Maccarone, R.
AU  - Martello, C.
AU  - Miller, J.
AU  - Narici, L.
AU  - Peachey, N.S.
AU  - Picozza, P.
AU  - Rinaldi, A.
AU  - Ruggieri, D.
T1  - Effects of heavy ions on visual function and electrophysiology of rodents: the ALTEA-MICE project
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 33
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1347
EP  - 1351
SN  - 02731177
AB  - ALTEA-MICE will supplement the ALTEA project on astronauts and provide information on the functional visual impairment possibly induced by heavy ions during prolonged operations in microgravity. Goals of ALTEA-MICE are: (1) to investigate the effects of heavy ions on the visual system of normal and mutant mice with retinal defects; (2) to define reliable experimental conditions for space research; and (3) to develop animal models to study the physiological consequences of space travels on humans. Remotely controlled mouse setup, applied electrophysiological recording methods, remote particle monitoring, and experimental procedures were developed and tested. The project has proved feasible under laboratory-controlled conditions comparable in important aspects to those of astronauts'' exposure to particle in space. Experiments are performed at the Brookhaven National Laboratories [BNL] (Upton, NY, USA) and the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH [GSI]/Biophysik (Darmstadt, FRG) to identify possible electrophysiological changes and/or activation of protective mechanisms in response to pulsed radiation. Offline data analyses are in progress and observations are still anecdotal. Electrophysiological changes after pulsed radiation are within the limits of spontaneous variability under anesthesia, with only indirect evidence of possible retinal/cortical responses. Immunostaining showed changes (e.g increased expression of FGF2 protein in the outer nuclear layer) suggesting a retinal stress reaction to high-energy particles of potential relevance in space. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VISION disorders
KW  - OUTER space
KW  - INTERPLANETARY voyages
KW  - EYE -- Diseases
KW  - EXPLORATION
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - The ALTEA-MICE project
KW  - Visual impairment
N1  - Accession Number: 13429565; Sannita, W.G. 1,2,3; Email Address: 29537@unige.it Acquaviva, M. 2 Ball, S.L. 4 Belli, F. 1,5 Bisti, S. 6 Bidoli, V. 1 Carozzo, S. 2 Casolino, M. 1 Cucinotta, F. 7 De Pascale, M.P. 1,5 Di Fino, L. 1,5 Di Marco, S. 2 Maccarone, R. 6 Martello, C. 2 Miller, J. 8 Narici, L. 1,5 Peachey, N.S. 4 Picozza, P. 1,5 Rinaldi, A. 1,5 Ruggieri, D. 1,5; Affiliation:  1: INFN Roma2, Roma, Italy  2: Neurophysiopathology – Department of Motor Science, University of Genova, Genova, Italy  3: Department of Psychiatry, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY, USA  4: Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation and Cleveland VAMC, Cleveland, OH, USA  5: Department of Physics, University Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy  6: Institute of Physiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy  7: Johnson Space Center, NASA, Houston, TX, USA  8: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 33 Issue 8, p1347; Subject Term: VISION disorders; Subject Term: OUTER space; Subject Term: INTERPLANETARY voyages; Subject Term: EYE -- Diseases; Subject Term: EXPLORATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: The ALTEA-MICE project; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visual impairment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2003.11.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moncton, David E.
AU  - Graves, William S.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - The MIT X-ray Laser Project.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 113
EP  - 116
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent advances in accelerator, laser, and undulator technology now enable construction of multi-beamline free-electron-laser user facilities at extreme ultraviolet and x-ray wavelengths. We are exploring the construction of such a facility at MIT, which will include three key elements. First, a 4-GeV superconducting linear accelerator will support twenty or more beamlines, each running at 1 kHz, to serve a large user community. Second, seeding with integrated high-harmonic generation laser technology will generate photon beams with high longitudinal coherence and “transform-limited” pulses. Third, the wavelengths produced range from 0.3 and 100 nm in the fundamental, with substantial power in the x-ray 3rd harmonic at 0.1 nm. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
KW  - X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 13496962; Moncton, David E. 1 Graves, William S. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: MIT Bates Laboratory, Middleton, MA 01949, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p113; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757747
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496962&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corlett, J. N.
AU  - Barletta, W. A.
AU  - DeSantis, S.
AU  - Doolittle, L.
AU  - Fawley, W. M.
AU  - Green, M. A.
AU  - Heimann, P.
AU  - Leone, S. R.
AU  - Lidia, S.
AU  - Li, D.
AU  - Parmigiani, F.
AU  - Ratti, A.
AU  - Robinson, K.
AU  - Schoenlein, R.
AU  - Staples, J.
AU  - Wan, W.
AU  - Wells, R.
AU  - Wilcox, R.
AU  - Wolski, A.
AU  - Zholents, A.
T1  - LUX — A Recirculating Linac-based Ultrafast X-ray Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
EP  - 124
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We describe the design of a proposed source of ultra-fast synchrotron radiation x-ray pulses based on a recirculating superconducting linac, with an integrated array of ultrafast laser systems. The source produces x-ray pulses with duration of 10–50 fs at a 10 kHz repetition rate, with tunability from EUV to hard x-ray regimes, and optimized for the study of ultra-fast dynamics. A high-brightness rf photocathode provides electron bunches. An injector linac accelerates the beam to the 100 MeV range, and is followed by four passes through a 700 MeV recirculating linac. Ultrafast hard x-ray pulses are obtained by a combination of electron bunch manipulation, transverse temporal correlation of the electrons, and x-ray pulse compression. EUV and soft x-ray pulses as short as 10 fs are generated in a harmonic-cascade free electron laser scheme. We describe the facility major systems and peformance. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - PHOTODIODES
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - FEMTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - LASER photochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13496960; Corlett, J. N. 1 Barletta, W. A. 1 DeSantis, S. 1 Doolittle, L. 1 Fawley, W. M. 1 Green, M. A. 1 Heimann, P. 1 Leone, S. R. 1 Lidia, S. 1 Li, D. 1 Parmigiani, F. 2 Ratti, A. 1 Robinson, K. 1 Schoenlein, R. 1 Staples, J. 1 Wan, W. 1 Wells, R. 1 Wilcox, R. 1 Wolski, A. 1 Zholents, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Laboratorio TASC-INFM, Italy; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p121; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: FEMTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: LASER photochemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757749
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496960&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byrd, J. M.
AU  - Martin, M. C.
AU  - McKinney, W. R.
AU  - Munson, D. V.
AU  - Nishimura, H.
AU  - Robin, D. S.
AU  - Sannibale, F.
AU  - Schlueter, R. D.
AU  - Thur, W. G.
AU  - Jung, J. Y.
AU  - Wan, W.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - CIRCE: A Ring-based Source of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
EP  - 140
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present the concepts for an electron storage ring dedicated to and optimized for the production of stable coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) over the far-infrared terahertz wavelength range from 200 μm to about one cm. CIRCE (Coherent InfraRed CEnter) will be a 66 m circumference ring located on top of the ALS booster synchrotron shielding tunnel and using the existing ALS injector. This location provides enough floor space for both the CIRCE ring, its required shielding, and numerous beamlines. We present the calculated CIRCE photon flux where a gain of 6 – 9 orders of magnitude is shown compared to existing far-IR sources. Additionally, the particular design of the dipole vacuum chamber has been optimized to allow an excellent transmission of these far-infrared wavelengths. We believe that the CIRCE source can be constructed for a modest cost. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - RADIATION sources
N1  - Accession Number: 13496956; Byrd, J. M. 1 Martin, M. C. 1 McKinney, W. R. 1 Munson, D. V. 1 Nishimura, H. 1 Robin, D. S. 1 Sannibale, F. 1 Schlueter, R. D. 1 Thur, W. G. 1 Jung, J. Y. 1 Wan, W. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p137; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757753
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496956&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sannibale, F.
AU  - Byrd, J. M.
AU  - Loftsdottir, A.
AU  - Martin, M. C.
AU  - Venturini, M.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Fundamentals of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation in Storage Rings.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - 144
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present the fundamental concepts for producing stable broadband coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) in the terahertz frequency region in an electron storage ring. The analysis includes distortion of bunch shape from the synchrotron radiation (SR), enhancing higher frequency coherent emission and limits to stable emission due to a microbunching instability excited by the SR. We use these concepts to optimize the performance of a source for CSR emission. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 13496955; Sannibale, F. 1 Byrd, J. M. 1 Loftsdottir, A. 1 Martin, M. C. 1 Venturini, M. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p141; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757754
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496955&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chemla, D. S.
AU  - Feinberg, B.
AU  - Hussain, Z.
AU  - Krebs, G. F.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
AU  - Robin, D. S.
AU  - Robinson, A. L.
AU  - Smith, N. V.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - The Advanced Light Source Upgrade.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 148
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The ALS, a third-generation synchrotron light source at Berkeley Lab, has been operating for almost a decade and is generating forefront science by exploiting the high brightness of a third-generation source in three areas: (1) high resolving power for spectroscopy; (2) high spatial resolution for microscopy and spectromicroscopy; and (3) high coherence for experiments such as speckle. However, the ALS was one of the first third-generation machines to be designed, and accelerator and insertion-device technology have significantly changed since its conception. As a result, its performance will inevitably be outstripped by newer, more advanced sources. To remain competitive and then set a new standard, the performance of the ALS, in particular its brightness, must be enhanced. Substantial improvements in brightness and current have always been feasible in principle, but they incur the penalty of a much reduced lifetime, which is totally unacceptable to our users. Significant brightness improvements can be realized in the core soft x-ray region by going to top-off operation, where injection would be quasi-continuous and the lifetime objections disappear. In top-off mode with higher average current, a reduced vertical emittance and beta function, and small-gap permanent-magnet or superconducting insertion devices, one to two orders of magnitude improvement in brightness can be had in the soft x-ray range. These improvements also extend the high energy range of the undulator radiation beyond the current limit of 2000 eV. Descriptions of the upgrade and the important new science achievable are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - LAWRENCE Berkeley Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 13496954; Chemla, D. S. 1 Feinberg, B. 1 Hussain, Z. 1 Krebs, G. F. 1 Padmore, H. A. 1 Robin, D. S. 1 Robinson, A. L. 1 Smith, N. V. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p145; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Company/Entity: LAWRENCE Berkeley Laboratory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757755
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ablett, J. M.
AU  - Berman, L. E.
AU  - Kao, C. C.
AU  - Rakowsky, G.
AU  - Lynch, D.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - The NSLS X13 Mini-Gap Undulator: Design and Performance.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 271
EP  - 273
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An in-vacuum short-period mini-gap undulator (MGU) has recently been installed within the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) X13 straight-section. The MGU is a hybrid design, consisting of NdFeB permanent magnets and vanadium permendur poles. The MGU period is 1.25 cm, the overall length is 35 cm, and the gap can be varied between 3.3 and 11 mm. The higher magnetic field provided by the hybrid design supercedes that of the previous X13 undulator device (IVUN), allowing for a greater tunability. Operating down to a magnetic gap of 3.3 mm, the on-axis magnetic field is 0.92 Tesla, corresponding to a deflection parameter K∼1.07. The performance of the MGU has been measured using a single crystal spectrometer. At a gap of 3.3 mm, the MGU’s fundamental energy was recorded at 3.7 keV with a brightness of 4×1017 ph/sec/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW/300mA. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - VANADIUM permendur
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496922; Ablett, J. M. 1 Berman, L. E. 1 Kao, C. C. 1 Rakowsky, G. 1 Lynch, D. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p271; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Subject Term: VANADIUM permendur; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757786
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496922&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sasaki, Shigemi
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Conceptual Design for Superconducting Planar Helical Undulator.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
EP  - 281
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A preliminary consideration was made on a short-period superconducting planar helical undulator (SCHU) for circularly polarized radiation. The SCHU consists of coils and iron poles/yokes. There is no magnetic structure in the horizontal plane of the electron orbit. The SCHU would provide the large horizontal aperture needed to allow injection into the storage ring. The expected field strength is at least 30% larger than that by an APPLE-type permanent-magnet device with the same gap and the same period. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - PHOTON beams -- Polarization
KW  - POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496920; Sasaki, Shigemi 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p278; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: PHOTON beams -- Polarization; Subject Term: POLARIZED beams (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757788
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496920&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramanathan, M.
AU  - Smith, M.
AU  - Grimmer, J.
AU  - Merritt, M.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - A Four-Motor Insertion Device Control System at the Advanced Photon Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 286
EP  - 289
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Advanced Photon Source (APS) is a third-generation synchrotron with major emphasis on insertion device (ID) sources. In the storage ring there are 35 straight sections, each about five meters in length, for possible insertion devices. Most of the insertion devices at the APS are 2.4 meters long. Currently there are 27 undulators installed in 25 straight sections. Twenty-two of the undulators are the original design fabricated by STI Optronics, which used two motors, one for each end of the device. A synchronizing mechanism between the upper and lower magnetic arrays was also used at each end. Recently, the APS has designed a new gap-separation mechanism for all new undulators. The new design is based on four independent motors, one driving each end of each magnetic array of the device. The control system of choice at the APS is EPICS. The control system is designed to be transparent to the user of the beamline who routinely operates the device. The differences between the two-motor and the four-motor versions of the ID control system are performed at low levels and are transparent. All devices have feedback and safeguard redundancy in the form of linear and rotary encoders and multiple-stage limit switches. This paper will discuss in detail the design philosophy and the implementation of the four-motor insertion device control system. This control system has been in operation for about three years. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - RELAY control systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13496918; Ramanathan, M. 1 Smith, M. 1 Grimmer, J. 1 Merritt, M. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: APS, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p286; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: RELAY control systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335314 Relay and Industrial Control Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757790
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496918&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cai, Y. Q.
AU  - Chow, P.
AU  - Chen, C. C.
AU  - Ishii, H.
AU  - Tsang, K. L.
AU  - Kao, C. C.
AU  - Liang, K. S.
AU  - Chen, C. T.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Optical Design and Performance of the Taiwan Inelastic X-Ray Scattering Beamline (BL12XU) at SPring-8.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
EP  - 343
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - As part of the Taiwan x-ray facility at SPring-8, we have designed, constructed and commissioned a dedicated Inelastic X-ray Scattering (IXS) beamline (BL12XU) for both resonant and non-resonant experiments on electronic excitations in correlated electron systems with energy resolution from 10–1000 meV. At the Si(555) near-backscattering energy of 9.886 keV, a total energy resolution of 70 meV has been achieved with flux of 1.5×1011 phs/sec/50meV. The optical design and performance of the beamline are presented and discussed with selected results from recent commissioning experiments. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496904; Cai, Y. Q. 1; Email Address: cai@spring8.or.jp Chow, P. 1 Chen, C. C. 1 Ishii, H. 1 Tsang, K. L. 1 Kao, C. C. 2 Liang, K. S. 1 Chen, C. T. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p340; Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757803
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496904&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaski, Y.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - New Front-End Design for Multiple In-line Undulators at the Advanced Photon Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 356
EP  - 359
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Two new beamlines at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) require two or three in-line undulators, respectively, to achieve the high photon intensity needed. With the expectation of a future higher storage ring beam current, a new front end is being designed to handle a maximum total power of 21 kW and a maximum peak power density of 590 kW/mrad2, which is about 3.8 times the heat load with current operation of a single undulator at 100 mA stored beam current. This new front end will allow the operation of two in-line 3.3-cm-period, 2.4-m-long undulators at k=2.76 with 180 mA, or alternatively, three in-line undulators at k=2.0 with 150 mA. In this paper, the overall front-end high-heat-load management plan is discussed and front-end layout and aperture design are presented. A new design concept is used in key components, such as photon shutters and fixed masks, to handle the high power density. The design, thermal analysis and fabrication of these components are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTON beams
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496900; Jaski, Y. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p356; Subject Term: PHOTON beams; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757807
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496900&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Peter L.
AU  - Beno, Mark A.
AU  - Shu, Deming
AU  - Ramanathan, Mohan
AU  - Mitchell, John F.
AU  - Jorgensen, James D.
AU  - Von Dreele, Robert B.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Dedicated High-Resolution Powder Diffraction Beamline at the Advanced Photon Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 388
EP  - 391
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A high-resolution x-ray powder diffraction beamline that exploits the high flux, high energy resolution, and precise energy tuning of the third-generation synchrotron source will be built at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). The goal is to establish a high-resolution high-throughput dedicated powder instrument at the APS to serve the powder community. We describe design of the instrument that is able to measure a complete high-resolution powder pattern in one hour or less, uses automation to optimize throughput, has the ability to readily tune over a wide range of x-ray energies quickly and easily covering important absorption edges for resonant data measurements, and has the ability to accommodate various environmental devices for high-temperature, low-temperature or time-resolved data collection. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - HIGH resolution spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13496892; Lee, Peter L. 1 Beno, Mark A. 1 Shu, Deming 1 Ramanathan, Mohan 1 Mitchell, John F. 2 Jorgensen, James D. 2 Von Dreele, Robert B. 1,3 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  3: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p388; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: HIGH resolution spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757815
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496892&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosfjord, Kristine
AU  - Kemp, Charles
AU  - Denham, Paul
AU  - Gullikson, Eric
AU  - Batson, Phillip
AU  - Rekawa, Senajith
AU  - Attwood, David
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Coherent Soft X-ray Branchline at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 448
EP  - 449
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new coherent soft X-ray branchline at the advanced light source has begun operation. Using the third harmonic from an 8 cm period undulator, this branch delivers coherent soft x-rays ranging from 200eV to 1000eV. Here the beamline layout and Airy patterns generated by single pinhole diffraction at 500 eV and 600 eV are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - PINHOLE photography
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
N1  - Accession Number: 13496876; Rosfjord, Kristine 1,2 Kemp, Charles 1 Denham, Paul 1 Gullikson, Eric 1 Batson, Phillip 1 Rekawa, Senajith 1 Attwood, David 1,2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p448; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: PINHOLE photography; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757830
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496876&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nachimuthu, P.
AU  - Underwood, J. H.
AU  - Kemp, C. D.
AU  - Gullikson, E. M.
AU  - Lindle, D. W.
AU  - Shuh, D. K.
AU  - Perera, R. C. C.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Performance Characteristics of Beamline 6.3.1 from 200 eV to 2000 eV at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 454
EP  - 457
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Bend magnet beamline 6.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source operates from 200 eV to 2000 eV, primarily used for x-ray absorption fine structure investigations. The beamline optics consist of a compact, entrance-slitless, Hettrick-Underwood type variable-line-spacing plane-grating monochromator and refocusing mirrors to provide a 25 μm × 500 μm spot at the focal point in the reflectometer end station. Wavelength is scanned by the simple rotation of the grating and illuminates a fixed exit slit. The LabView based beamline control and data acquisition computer code has been implemented to provide a convenient interface to the user. The dedicated end station is a reflectometer that is isolated from the beamline by a differential ion pump. The reflectometer can position samples to within 4 μm with an angular position of 0.002°, has total electron and fluorescence yield detectors, and pumps down in about 30 minutes. External end stations can be mounted downstream of the reflectometer as well. The versatility and simplicity of beamline 6.3.1 have made it useful for a wide range of applications such as the characterization of optical components, reflective coatings, and the investigation of a diverse range of materials in both the solid state and in solution. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - REFLECTOMETER
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
N1  - Accession Number: 13496874; Nachimuthu, P. 1,2; Email Address: PNachimuthu@lbl.gov Underwood, J. H. 1 Kemp, C. D. 1 Gullikson, E. M. 1 Lindle, D. W. 2 Shuh, D. K. 1 Perera, R. C. C. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p454; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: REFLECTOMETER; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757832
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496874&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warwick, T.
AU  - Andresen, N.
AU  - Comins, J.
AU  - Kaznacheyev, K.
AU  - Kortright, J. B.
AU  - McKean, J. P.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
AU  - Shuh, D. K.
AU  - Stevens, T.
AU  - Tyliszczak, T.
T1  - New Implementation of an SX700 Undulator Beamline at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 458
EP  - 461
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A newly engineered implementation of a collimated SX700-style beam line for soft x-rays is described. This facility is operational at the Advanced Light Source and delivers high brightness undulator beams to a scanning zone plate microscope and to an array of end stations for x-ray spectroscopic studies of wet surfaces. Switching between branches is motorized, servo-steering systems maintain throughput and the monochromator works together with the elliptical undulator for a fully automated facility. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
N1  - Accession Number: 13496873; Warwick, T. 1 Andresen, N. 1 Comins, J. 1 Kaznacheyev, K. 2 Kortright, J. B. 1 McKean, J. P. 1 Padmore, H. A. 1 Shuh, D. K. 1 Stevens, T. 1 Tyliszczak, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Canadian Light Source, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N OX4, Canada; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p458; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757833
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496873&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benson, Christa
AU  - Trakhtenberg, Emil
AU  - Jaski, Yifei
AU  - Brajuskovic, Bran
AU  - Collins, Jeffrey
AU  - Hartog, Patric Den
AU  - Erdmann, Mark
AU  - Rossi, Erika
AU  - Schmidt, Oliver
AU  - Toter, William
AU  - Wiemerslage, Greg
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Mechanical Design of a Front End for Canted Undulators at the Advanced Photon Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 466
EP  - 469
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - At the Advanced Photon Source, three new beamlines will use an undulator configuration enabling the simultaneous use of two photon beams from a single straight section. To accommodate this configuration, a new front end was designed that is capable of handling the power of two undulators, with a beam separation of 1 mrad and a stored beam current of 200 mA at 7 GeV. Commissioning of the first front end took place early this summer. The design and major benefits of the new front-end components will be discussed in this paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
N1  - Accession Number: 13496871; Benson, Christa 1 Trakhtenberg, Emil 1 Jaski, Yifei 1 Brajuskovic, Bran 1 Collins, Jeffrey 1 Hartog, Patric Den 1 Erdmann, Mark 1 Rossi, Erika 1 Schmidt, Oliver 1 Toter, William 1 Wiemerslage, Greg 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p466; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757835
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496871&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maser, J.
AU  - Stephenson, G. B.
AU  - Shu, D.
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Vogt, S.
AU  - Khounsary, A.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Benson, C.
AU  - Schneider, G.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Conceptual Design For A Beamline For A Hard x-ray Nanoprobe with 30 nm Spatial Resolution.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 470
EP  - 473
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The planned Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) at Argonne National Laboratory is aimed at the development and study of the properties of nanomaterials and nanodevices. As part of the characterization instruments at CNM, we are developing a new hard x-ray nanoprobe beamline at the Advanced Photon Source. The beamline will provide microscopy and spectroscopy for photon energies from 3 keV to 30 keV. Hard x-ray zone plates will be used to achieve a spatial resolution of 30 nm in the 3 – 10 keV region. Two operational modes will combine the speed of a transmission x-ray microscope with the analytic capabilities of a hard x-ray microprobe. The major operation mode will be a scanning probe mode, where spatially coherent radiation is focused into a diffraction-limited spot to excite secondary signals in the specimen. This will allow elemental mapping and spectroscopy at high sensitivity using x-ray fluorescence, or strain contrast imaging using x-ray diffraction. A secondary mode will use partially coherent radiation to provide transmission imaging in absorption and phase contrast for photon energies between 3 – 10 keV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13496869; Maser, J. 1,2 Stephenson, G. B. 1,3 Shu, D. 2 Lai, B. 2 Vogt, S. 2 Khounsary, A. 2 Li, Y. 2 Benson, C. 2 Schneider, G. Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Av., Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Av., Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.  3: Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Av., Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p470; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757836
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496869&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scarvie, Tom
AU  - Andresen, Nord
AU  - Baptiste, Ken
AU  - Byrd, John
AU  - Chin, Mike
AU  - Martin, Michael
AU  - McKinney, Wayne
AU  - Steier, Christoph
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Noise Reduction Efforts for the ALS Infrared Beamlines.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 544
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The quality of infrared microscopy and spectroscopy data collected at synchrotron based sources is strongly dependent on signal-to-noise. We have successfully identified and suppressed several noise sources affecting Beamlines 1.4.2, 1.4.3, and 1.4.4 at the Advanced Light Source (ALS), resulting in a significant increase in the quality of FTIR spectra obtained. In this paper, we present our methods of noise source analysis, the negative effect of noise on the infrared beam quality, and the techniques used to reduce the noise. These include reducing the phase noise in the storage ring radio-frequency (RF) system, installing an active mirror feedback system, analyzing and changing physical mounts to better isolate portions of the beamline optics from low-frequency environmental noise, and modifying the input signals to the main ALS RF system. We also discuss the relationship between electron beam energy oscillations at a point of dispersion and infrared beamline noise. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOISE control
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - INFRARED microscopes
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - NOISE generators (Electronics)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13496852; Scarvie, Tom 1 Andresen, Nord 1 Baptiste, Ken 1 Byrd, John 1 Chin, Mike 1 Martin, Michael 1 McKinney, Wayne 1 Steier, Christoph 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p541; Subject Term: NOISE control; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: INFRARED microscopes; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: NOISE generators (Electronics); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757853
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496852&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kilcoyne, A. L. D.
AU  - Tyliszczak, T.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Fast Soft X-ray Beam Shutter.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 605
EP  - 607
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Most biological or polymer samples are radiation sensitive materials. A study of these materials at synchrotron radiation sources is challenging in order to minimize and systematically quantify exposure to the period of actual measurements. Since damage can occur on a scale of milliseconds there is a requirement for a beam shutter which can close and open in sub-millisecond times. At the Advanced Light Source two scanning transmission X-ray microscopes (STXM) have been equipped with innovative shutters. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
KW  - X-ray microscopes
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 13496835; Kilcoyne, A. L. D. 1,2 Tyliszczak, T. 2,3 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  3: Brockhouse Institute for Material Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p605; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; Subject Term: X-ray microscopes; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757869
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496835&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lazarski, K.
AU  - Alkire, R. W.
AU  - Duke, N. E.
AU  - Rotella, F. J.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Software Controls For Automated Feedback Tuning.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 612
EP  - 615
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Structural Biology Center (SBC) beamlines have been designed to take full advantage of the highly intense radiation available at Argonne’s Advance Photon Source for crystallography experiments. In order to facilitate the delivery of an intense, stable x-ray beam to crystallographic samples, new beam position stabilization software has been developed. Using the beam-position monitor developed by Alkire, Rosenbaum and Evans, the position of the beam is corrected in real time by applying changes to the monochromator tune using DC servomotors. Real-time monitoring tools were developed, in addition to the technique of selecting the reference trigger points. A user interface for feedback tuning has been developed in conjunction with real-time monitoring and interacting with data acquisition at the bending-magnet beamline (19BM) of the SBC. Preliminary results showed positional stability of the beam to better than 1 μrad in tune. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOFTWARE engineering
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - FEEDBACK control systems
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 13496833; Lazarski, K. 1 Alkire, R. W. 1 Duke, N. E. 1 Rotella, F. J. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p612; Subject Term: SOFTWARE engineering; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: FEEDBACK control systems; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757871
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qian, Shinan
AU  - Takacs, Peter
AU  - Qinli Dong
AU  - Hulbert, Steve
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - In-situ Precise Angle Monitoring on Synchrotron Radiation Monochromator by Use of Pencil Beam Interferometer.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 616
EP  - 619
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Monochromator is a very important and precise instrument used in beam lines at synchrotron radiation facilities. We need to know if there is actual thermal distortion on gratings resulting in the degradation of the monochromator resolution. We need to know the characteristics of the grating rotation. It is possible to make a simple but precise in-situ distortion monitoring and rotation angle test of the grating by use of a precise pencil beam angle monitor. We have made preliminary measurements on a monochrometer grating of an undulator beam line X1B at Brookhaven National Laboratory. We monitored a small amount of angle variation on the grating. We detected 1.7 μrad backlash (P-V) of the grating controlling system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - DIFFRACTION gratings
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 13496832; Qian, Shinan 1 Takacs, Peter 1 Qinli Dong 2 Hulbert, Steve 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p616; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: DIFFRACTION gratings; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757872
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496832&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ling Zhang
AU  - Wah-Keat Lee
AU  - Wulff, Michael
AU  - Eybert, Laurent
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Performance prediction of cryogenically cooled silicon crystal monochromator.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 623
EP  - 626
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - To predict the performance of the cryogenically cooled silicon crystal, intensive studies have been carried out to sort out the influences of various parameters, such as heat load power and power distribution, cooling coefficient, and beam size. The thermal slope error of the crystal is calculated by finite element modeling. Quadratic law was applied to calculate the rocking-curve width. Heat load tests were also performed with a channel-cut silicon monochromator on beamline ID09 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). The silicon crystal is indirectly cooled from the sides by liquid nitrogen. Measured rocking-curve widths are compared with those calculated by finite element modeling. When we include the broadening from the intrinsic rocking-curve width and mounting strain, the calculated rocking-curve width versus heat load is in excellent agreement with experiment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON crystals
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 13496831; Ling Zhang 1 Wah-Keat Lee 1,2 Wulff, Michael 1 Eybert, Laurent 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p623; Subject Term: SILICON crystals; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757873
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496831&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caliebe, W. A.
AU  - Cheung, S.
AU  - Lenhard, A.
AU  - Siddons, D. P.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Fixed Exit Monochromator with fixed Rotation Axis.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
EP  - 646
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new simple design for a fixed-exit monochromator has been developed. The set-up uses a linear slide to couple the rotation of the crystals to a translation of the second one to compensate for the 2hcosΘ dependence of the beam-offset in a double crystal monochromator. This set-up requires just one motor for the rotation of the monochromator, and three piezo-actuators to tune the second crystal.The monochromator has been tested for Bragg-angles between 7° and 70°. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496826; Caliebe, W. A. 1 Cheung, S. 1 Lenhard, A. 1 Siddons, D. P. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p643; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757878
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496826&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kupp, Tom
AU  - Blank, Basil
AU  - Deyhim, Alex
AU  - Benson, Curtis
AU  - Robinson, Ian
AU  - Fouss, Paul
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Development of a Double Crystal Monochromator.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 651
EP  - 654
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A high-precision water-cooled, small offset, double crystal monochromator has been developed for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) UNICAT Sector 34 beamline. The design incorporates the supports and gravity feed water cooling of two diamond or silicon crystals correctly positioned about a common rotation axis so that the incident and diffracted beam do not walk off the edges of the crystals within the energy range 6–15KeV (30° <q<11. 6°). In the 34ID implementation, the first crystal sees unfocussed pink beam from an undulator. The second crystal has a ±5° motorized tilt motion around an axis parallel to its face and around the beam direction. In this paper preliminary measurement data obtained from Advanced Photon Source and the detail of the instrument design are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496824; Kupp, Tom 1 Blank, Basil 1 Deyhim, Alex 1 Benson, Curtis 2 Robinson, Ian 2 Fouss, Paul 3 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Design Consulting, Inc.  2: University of Illinois, Urbana—Champaign  3: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p651; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757880
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496824&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beno, Mark A.
AU  - Rütt, Uta
AU  - Kurtz, Charles
AU  - Jennings, Guy
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - High-Energy Bragg and Laue Monochromators for an APS Wiggler Beamline.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 675
EP  - 678
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The elliptical multipole wiggler located at Sector 11 of the Advanced Photon Source has a maximum critical energy of 32 keV and a total power output of ∼ 8 kW. The device produces circularly polarized X-rays on-axis and linearly polarized X-rays above and below the ring plane. A double crystal monochromator intercepts the lower linearly polarized radiation to be used in the 11ID-D experimental station for scattering and spectroscopy experiments in the 5 to 40 keV energy range. The on-axis circularly polarized photons and upper linearly polarized photons are monochromatized by one crystal horizontally deflecting monochromators at fixed Bragg angles of θ = 3.8° and θ = 1.9° respectively. We will present here the designs and detail the performance of Laue and Bragg monochromator designs for these two beamlines which operate at fixed energies from ∼60 keV to 125 keV. For the high-energy diffraction station, 11ID-C, which utilizes the upper linearly polarized radiation, the Laue monochromator design allows rapid interchange of crystals and provides a photon flux of 2 × 1012 photons/sec in a 2.5 × 3.5 mm spot at 98 keV using annealed Silicon crystals (Si(220)). The Bragg monochromator design provides focusing and a smaller bandwidth while retaining a high photon flux. The high heatloads generated by the EMPW present design challenges for both monochromator designs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - SPECTROPHOTOMETERS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - ENERGY bands
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496818; Beno, Mark A. 1 Rütt, Uta 2 Kurtz, Charles 1 Jennings, Guy 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Facilities Division, Advance Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  2: Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research Stutgart, 70569 Germany; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p675; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: SPECTROPHOTOMETERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: ENERGY bands; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757886
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496818&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chian Liu
AU  - Conley, R.
AU  - Assoufid, L.
AU  - Cai, Z.
AU  - Qian, J.
AU  - Macrander, A. T.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - From Flat Substrate to Elliptical KB Mirror by Profile Coating.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 704
EP  - 707
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - For microfocusing x-ray mirrors, an elliptical shape is essential for aberration-free optics. However, it is difficult to polish elliptical mirrors to x-ray-quality smoothness. Profile coatings have been applied on both cylindrical and flat Si substrates to make the desired elliptical shape. In a profile-coating process, the sputter source power is kept constant, while the substrate is passed over a contoured mask at a constant speed to obtain a desired profile along the direction perpendicular to the substrate-moving direction. The shape of the contour was derived from a desired profile and the thickness distribution of the coating material at the substrate level. The thickness distribution was measured on films coated on Si wafers using a spectroscopic ellipsometer with computer-controlled X-Y translation stages. The mirror coating profile is determined from the difference between the ideal surface figure of a focusing ellipse and the surface figure obtained from a long trace profiler measurement on the substrate. The number of passes and the moving speed of the substrate are determined according to the required thickness and the growth-rate calibration of a test run. A KB mirror pair was made using Au as a coating material and cylindrically polished mirrors as substrates. Synchrotron x-ray results using this KB mirror pair showed a focused spot size of 0.4 × 0.4 μm2. This technique has also been applied for making elliptical KB mirrors from flat Si substrates. The challenges and solutions associated with elliptical profile coating on flat substrates will be discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MIRRORS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13496810; Chian Liu 1; Email Address: cliu@aps.anl.gov Conley, R. 1 Assoufid, L. 1 Cai, Z. 1 Qian, J. 1 Macrander, A. T. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Facilities Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p704; Subject Term: MIRRORS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414390 Other home furnishings merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757893
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496810&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smither, R. K.
AU  - Khounsary, A. M.
AU  - Mancini, D. C.
AU  - Saleem, K. Abu
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Performance of a Be Refractive Lens.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 716
EP  - 719
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The performance of a beryllium compound refractive lens (CRL) was tested in the energy range of 11.5 to 8.0 keV. The beryllium refractive lens consists of 50 aligned, 1-mm-diameter, hollow spheres in a solid block of beryllium, 30 mm × 20 mm × 55 mm. The minimum web between each hollow sphere was 0.10 mm. The measured focal length of the lens for x-rays close to the axis of the beam was 147.7 cm +/- 2.0 cm at 10 keV and 120.2 +/- 2.0 cm at 9.1 keV. These values agree well with the theoretical values of 146.6 cm and 121.4 cm, respectively. The diameter of the best focus obtained at 10 keV was 35 μm horizontal and 45 μm vertical. For the modified version of the lens used in the 9.1 keV experiment these values were 25 μm horizontal and 35 μm vertical. The x-ray beam cross section for the 10 keV and the 9.1 keV experiments were 0.50 mm × 0.50 mm and 0.30 mm × 0.30 mm, respectively. The enhancement of the flux (photons per sq. mm) was 50:1 at 10 keV and 80:1 in the 9.1 keV experiment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - LENSES
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496807; Smither, R. K. 1 Khounsary, A. M. 1 Mancini, D. C. 1 Saleem, K. Abu 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p716; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: LENSES; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757896
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warwick, T.
AU  - Andersen, N.
AU  - Comins, J.
AU  - Franck, A.
AU  - Gilles, M.
AU  - Tonnessen, T.
AU  - Tyliszczak, T.
T1  - Large Aperture Micro-Focus KB Mirrors for Spectroscopy Experiments at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 772
EP  - 775
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - General purpose refocus mirrors using Kirkpatrick-Baez geometry have been designed, built and installed at a new undulator beam-line facility to provide spot sizes smaller than 10 microns for specialized spectroscopy experiments at the Advanced Light Source. All the available flux is focused and the focal length is adjustable. The mirrors are fully computer controlled and can be detuned to create a spot as big as 500 microns. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MIRRORS
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496793; Warwick, T. 1 Andersen, N. 1 Comins, J. 1 Franck, A. 1 Gilles, M. 1 Tonnessen, T. 2 Tyliszczak, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: InSync Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87107, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p772; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MIRRORS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414390 Other home furnishings merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757910
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496793&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, S.
AU  - Fischetti, R. F.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - A Ray-Tracing Study of the Dependence of Focal Properties on Surface Figure Error for a Kirkpatrick-Baez (K-B) Mirror System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 776
EP  - 779
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In the last several years, Kirkpatrick-Baez (K-B) mirror systems have been extensively applied as two-dimensional x-ray focusing elements on x-ray beamlines at low emittance, third generation, synchrotron radiation facilities. The design of the two GM/CA CAT insertion device beamlines at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory for macromolecular crystallography includes a K-B mirror system situated in each of the experimental stations. Ray-tracing studies have been performed using SHADOW (V2.3.2) to investigate the dependence of the focal distance on the surface figure error obtained from LTP metrology measurements. Additionally, a procedure has been developed to allow one to change the mirror focal positions to provide a beam of given dimensions at a fixed position before or after the focal position. The GM/CA CAT has been established by the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to build and operate a national user facility for crystallographic structure determination of biological macromolecules by X-ray diffraction. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MIRROR symmetry
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496792; Xu, S. 1 Fischetti, R. F. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: GM/CA CAT, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S., Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p776; Subject Term: MIRROR symmetry; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757911
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496792&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - del Rio, Manuel Sánchez
AU  - Dejus, Roger J.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - XOP 2.1 — A New Version of the X-ray Optics Software Toolkit.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 784
EP  - 787
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - X-ray oriented programs (XOP) is a graphical user-interface environment for computer codes of interest to the synchrotron radiation community. It provides codes for i) modeling of x-ray sources (e.g., synchrotron radiation sources, such as undulators and wigglers), ii) calculating characteristics of optical elements (mirrors, filters, crystals, multilayers, etc.), and iii) multipurpose data visualizations and analyses. The current version of XOP (2.0) has been widely distributed at synchrotron facilities and research laboratories. It can be downloaded from http://www.esrf.fr/computing/scientific/xop, and it is also distributed on a CD-ROM. Today, we count over 400 registered users. We describe recent developments including improved documentation and user interface, and upgraded applications. The functionality of XOP can be extended with external plug-ins (extensions). We continue to support a visual interface to the SHADOW ray-tracing program and the multilayer package IMD. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - PHYSICAL optics
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496790; del Rio, Manuel Sánchez 1 Dejus, Roger J. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 38043 Grenoble-Cedex, France  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p784; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL optics; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757913
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496790&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naulleau, Patrick P.
AU  - Goldberg, Kenneth A.
AU  - Batson, Phil
AU  - Denham, Paul
AU  - Rekawa, Senajith
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - A Synchrotron-Based Fourier-Synthesis Custom-Coherence Illuminator.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 792
EP  - 795
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Scanning illumination systems provide for a powerful and flexible means for controlling illumination coherence properties. Here we present a synchrotron-based scanning-mirror Fourier synthesis illuminator that enables sources with intrinsically high spatial coherence, such as undulators, to be used in situations demanding less coherence. The application considered here involves microfield extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, however, the same methods are applicable to conventional microscopy as well as coherence-imaging techniques. This flexible illuminator allows the coherence to be tuned in situ enabling the illumination to be tailored to the specific pattern being imaged. The effectiveness of the system is demonstrated through a variety of lithographic print experiments. These include the use of resolution enhancing coherence functions, which enable the printing of 50-nm line-space features using a lithographic optic with a NA of 0.1 and an operational wavelength of 13.4 nm. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - LIGHTING
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET detectors
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496787; Naulleau, Patrick P. 1 Goldberg, Kenneth A. 1 Batson, Phil 1 Denham, Paul 1 Rekawa, Senajith 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p792; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: LIGHTING; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET detectors; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335129 Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757915
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496787&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alkire, R. W.
AU  - Duke, N. E. C.
AU  - Rotella, F. J.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Setting The Twist Of A Sagittally Bent Crystal Using A Beam Position Monitor.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 827
EP  - 830
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Implementation of a monolithic, unribbed, sagittally bent focusing crystal on a bending magnet source has proven to be quite challenging. Ultimate performance depends upon the quality of the focusing crystal, how well the bender works and on the number of degrees of freedom available for adjustment. Here we report on progress toward optimizing focusing crystal performance by examining the effects of twist as they relate to beam position. All work was performed at beamline 19BM at the Advanced Photon Source. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL optimization
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - LIFE sciences
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496779; Alkire, R. W. 1 Duke, N. E. C. 1 Rotella, F. J. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p827; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL optimization; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: LIFE sciences; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757923
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496779&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takacs, Peter Z.
AU  - Qian, Shinan
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Accuracy Limitations in Long-Trace Profilometry.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 831
EP  - 834
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - As requirements for surface slope error quality of grazing incidence optics approach the 100 nanoradian level, it is necessary to improve the performance of the measuring instruments to achieve accurate and repeatable results at this level. We have identified a number of internal error sources in the Long Trace Profiler (LTP) that affect measurement quality at this level. The LTP is sensitive to phase shifts produced within the millimeter diameter of the pencil beam probe by optical path irregularities with scale lengths of a fraction of a millimeter. We examine the effects of mirror surface “macroroughness” and internal glass homogeneity on the accuracy of the LTP through experiment and theoretical modeling. We will place limits on the allowable surface “macroroughness” and glass homogeneity required to achieve accurate measurements in the nanoradian range. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAZING incidence
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - MEASURING instruments
KW  - MIRRORS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13496778; Takacs, Peter Z. 1 Qian, Shinan 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Instrumentation Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY USA 11973-5000; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p831; Subject Term: GRAZING incidence; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: MEASURING instruments; Subject Term: MIRRORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414390 Other home furnishings merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757924
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496778&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Assoufid, Lahsen
AU  - Bray, Michael
AU  - Shu, Deming
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Development of a Linear Stitching Interferometric System for Evaluation of Very Large X-ray Synchrotron Radiation Substrates and Mirrors.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 851
EP  - 854
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Stitching interferometry, using small-aperture, high-resolution, phase-measuring interferometric systems has been investigated for quite some time now as a metrology technique to obtain surface profiles of oversized optical components and substrates. The technique offers the potential for providing 3D measurements of mirror surfaces with nanometer resolution. The aim of this work is to apply this technique to the specific case of large, flat, grazing-incidence x-ray mirrors, such as those used in beamlines at synchrotron radiation facilities around the world. In the case of x-ray mirrors, obtaining a 3D surface profile can be particularly useful in many instances, for example, in selecting the best reflecting stripe on a mirror surface to be used for undulator beams. The measurement data can be used for simulating and predicting mirror performance under realistic conditions, etc. A fully automated stitching system is currently being developed at the metrology laboratory of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. Preliminary tests performed on a 460-mm-long flat float-glass substrate and on a 300-mm-long superpolished silicon substrate, were encouraging. The stitched profiles showed no obvious overlap errors, and the results agree well with those obtained using other techniques. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - X-rays
KW  - MIRRORS
KW  - OPTICAL images
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496773; Assoufid, Lahsen 1 Bray, Michael 2 Shu, Deming 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA  2: MB-Optique SARL, 26-ter, rue Nicolai, 75012 Paris, France; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p851; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: MIRRORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL images; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414390 Other home furnishings merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757929
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496773&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldberg, Kenneth A.
AU  - Naulleau, Patrick
AU  - Rekawa, Senajith
AU  - Denham, Paul
AU  - Liddle, J. Alexander
AU  - Anderson, Erik
AU  - Jackson, Keith
AU  - Bokor, Jeffrey
AU  - Attwood, David
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - At-Wavelength Interferometry of High-NA Diffraction-Limited EUV Optics.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 855
EP  - 858
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent advances in all-reflective diffraction-limited optical systems designed for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography have pushed numerical aperture (NA) values from 0.1 to 0.3, providing Rayleigh resolutions of 27-nm. Worldwide, several high-NA EUV optics are being deployed to serve in the development of advanced lithographic techniques required for EUV lithography, including the creation and testing of new, high-resolution photoresists. One such system is installed on an undulator beamline at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s Advanced Light Source. Sub-Å-accuracy optical testing and alignment techniques, developed for use with the previous generations of EUV lithographic optical systems, are being extended for use at high NA. Considerations for interferometer design and use are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - OPTICAL tooling
N1  - Accession Number: 13496772; Goldberg, Kenneth A. 1 Naulleau, Patrick 1 Rekawa, Senajith 1 Denham, Paul 1 Liddle, J. Alexander 1 Anderson, Erik 1 Jackson, Keith 1 Bokor, Jeffrey 1,2 Attwood, David 1,2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Centre for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p855; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: OPTICAL tooling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757930
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496772&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKinney, Wayne R.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Design of Emission Spectrometers with Resolving Power of 10,000.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 877
EP  - 880
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A systematic design procedure is outlined which allows the achievement of maximum resolving power of a grating spectrometer for soft X-ray emission. Starting with a finite overall size the source size limit is balanced against the detector limited resolving power to find the optimal distance between entrance slit or image, focusing mirror, varied line space grating, and detector. An example is given showing ray traces of an instrument of 2.5 meter overall size and a resolving power of 10,000. A tangential elliptical mirror permits an optimal design to be achieved. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13496767; McKinney, Wayne R. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p877; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757935
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496767&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caliebe, W. A.
AU  - Qian, Q.
AU  - Tyson, T. A.
AU  - Deyhim, A.
AU  - Blank, B.
AU  - Kao, C. -C.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Multi-element Analyzer for Inelastic X-Ray Scattering.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 893
EP  - 896
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A nine-element analyzer-system for inelastic x-ray scattering has been designed and built. Each individual analyzer crystal is aligned with an inverse joy-stick goniometer. The energy of the scattered photons is measured with a conventional double-circle goniometer mounted on a translation stage, which allows the maintenance of the sample, analyzers and detector, also mounted on a separate translation stage, on a Rowland-circle. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - MAGNETIC analyzers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHOTON scattering
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496763; Caliebe, W. A. 1 Qian, Q. 2 Tyson, T. A. 2 Deyhim, A. 3 Blank, B. 3 Kao, C. -C. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973  2: Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102  3: Advanced Design Consulting, Lansing, NY 14882; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p893; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: MAGNETIC analyzers (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHOTON scattering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757939
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496763&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siddons, D. Peter
AU  - Zhong Zhong
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - A flash spectrograph for XANES measurements at SPPS / LCLS.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 941
EP  - 944
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The SPPS and LCLS are next-generation light sources which will produce ultra-short x-ray pulses a few 10’s of femtoseconds long, with large numbers of photons per pulse. These sources will enable new types of x-ray experiments, but will require new approaches to optical instruments. We present here a spectrograph tailored for use with such sources, allowing the small beam cross-section to be spatially dispersed by means of a curved asymmetric Brag reflecting crystal. The design allows for an adjustable energy range by changing the radius of curvature within certain limits. Although inspired by these new sources, the device is also well adapted to conventional synchrotron radiation beamlines. It is significantly more compact than conventional wavelength-dispersive devices, and has resolution advantages. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13496750; Siddons, D. Peter 1 Zhong Zhong 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p941; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757951
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496750&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bussat, J.-M.
AU  - Fadley, C. S.
AU  - Hussain, Z.
AU  - Kay, A. W.
AU  - Lebedev, G.
AU  - Ludewigt, B. A.
AU  - Meddeler, G.
AU  - Nambu, A.
AU  - Press, M.
AU  - Spieler, H.
AU  - Turko, B.
AU  - West, M.
AU  - Zizka, G.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - An Ultra-High-Speed Detector for Synchrotron Radiation Research.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 945
EP  - 948
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An ultra high-speed, one-dimensional multi-channel detector for electrons and soft x-ray photons has been developed to permit full utilization of fluxes from third- and fourth-generation synchrotron radiation sources. The detector has 768 channels of buffered counters with a maximum linear countrate per channel exceeding 2 MHz. With an overall countrate of ∼2 GHz, this detector is approximately 100 times faster than any other presently available. The 48 μm spacing from channel to channel also provides excellent spatial resolution, and thus also excellent energy resolution with dispersive spectrometers. This detector represents several improvements in reliability and ruggedness over an earlier prototype. The detector is capable of operating in a typical UHV environment and is presently installed in a Scienta electron analyzer at the ALS for testing and first data taking. A total countrate exceeding 1 GHz and a position resolution of about two channels have been experimentally demonstrated. It should be possible to read out all 768 channels in as little as 150 μs for time-resolved and pump-probe experiments. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTON detectors
KW  - PHOTON emission
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496749; Bussat, J.-M. 1 Fadley, C. S. 1,2 Hussain, Z. 1 Kay, A. W. 1,2,3 Lebedev, G. 1 Ludewigt, B. A. 1 Meddeler, G. 1 Nambu, A. 4 Press, M. 1 Spieler, H. 1 Turko, B. 1 West, M. 1 Zizka, G. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Dept. of Physics, UC Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA  3: Portland Tech. Dev., Intel Corp., NE Elam Young Parkway, Hillsboro, OR 97124  4: Dept. of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p945; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTON detectors; Subject Term: PHOTON emission; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757952
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496749&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siddons, D. Peter
AU  - Beuttenmuller, Rolf H.
AU  - O'Connor, Paul
AU  - Kuczewski, Anthony J.
AU  - Zheng Li
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - The BNL Silicon Multi-element detector system for dilute EXAFS experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 953
EP  - 956
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In order to meet the challenges of EXAFS and XANES spectroscopy of dilute systems, a custom integrated circuit has been fabricated which integrates 32 complete energy resolving photon counting chains onto a 6mm × 4mm chip. This paper reports on initial tests of a 96-element detector implementation using low-leakage diodes fabricated at BNL, and on our plans for a 384-channel version. This large array will initially also use the same diodes but eventually will use a hexagonal drift-detector array. The ASIC is read out through an embedded microcontroller device, and a software package has been written to allow highly automated setup of the entire system and straightforward integration into standard data acquisition packages. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
N1  - Accession Number: 13496747; Siddons, D. Peter 1 Beuttenmuller, Rolf H. 1 O'Connor, Paul 1 Kuczewski, Anthony J. 1 Zheng Li 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p953; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757954
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496747&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, K.
AU  - Rosenbaum, G.
AU  - Liu, R.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Carmeli, C.
AU  - Bunker, G.
AU  - Fischer, D.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Development of Multilayer Analyzer Array Detectors for X-ray Fluorescence at the Third Generation Synchrotron Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 957
EP  - 960
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The development of Multilayer Analyzer Array Detector (MAAD) for X-ray fluorescence eliminates the count rate limitation encountered with multi-element Ge detectors. A 24-element multilayer detector has been fabricated that is tunable in a large energy region. This detector has been operational for more than two years at the BioCAT Beamline of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. Here we report our recent progress in developing multilayer detectors working in lower energy regions, in particular, performance at Ca Kα fluorescence energy and test results at soft x-ray energies. The band width of the analyzer response is found to be 3–4% of the fluorescence energy. Namely, at the Ca Kα energy, the band width is 140 eV; it is reduced to about 60 eV at Al Kα fluorescence energy. The throughput of the detector in this energy region (1.5–3.6 KeV) is 20% to 30%. These results demonstrate the feasibility for constructing multilayer analyzer array detectors for use in the soft x-ray region. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - RADIATION sources
N1  - Accession Number: 13496746; Zhang, K. 1,2 Rosenbaum, G. 3 Liu, R. 2 Liu, C. 4 Carmeli, C. 5 Bunker, G. 1 Fischer, D. 6 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Illinois Institute of Technology, CHicago, IL  2: HD Technologies, Inc. Darien, IL  3: SERCAT, University of Georgia, Athens, GA  4: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, ARgonne, IL  5: Department of Biochemistry Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel  6: National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p957; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757955
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496746&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seong-Kyun Cheong
AU  - Jinyuan Liu
AU  - Powell, Christopher F.
AU  - Wang, Jin
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Application of An Avalanche Photodiode in Synchrotron-Based Ultra-fast X-Radiography.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 961
EP  - 964
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A possibility of using avalanche photodiode has been investigated while operated in current or continuous wave mode to accommodate high-intensity synchrotron x-ray beams in an ultra-fast x-radiography. To achieve a time resolution of 1 μs or better in a time-resolved x-radiograhic experiment, the entire time-sequence of the APD response to the pulsed synchrotron x-ray beam is recorded with time resolution of 1–2 ns. We have characterized the APD detector in the continuous wave mode to reveal its linearity, signal to noise ratio, and the time response with various circuit configurations. We have demonstrated that signal-to-noise ratio better than 1000 can be achieved, which is limited only by Poisson statistics. These detectors, coupled with finely focused x-rays, have been used to study structure and dynamics of supersonic fuel sprays with 50 μm-spatial resolution and μs-temporal resolution in the region close to an injection nozzle. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTODIODES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR diodes
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 13496745; Seong-Kyun Cheong 1 Jinyuan Liu 1 Powell, Christopher F. 2 Wang, Jin 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  2: Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p961; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR diodes; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757956
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496745&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fakra, S.
AU  - Kilcoyne, A. L. D.
AU  - Tyliszczak, T.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Scintillator Detectors for Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopes at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 973
EP  - 976
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The choice of x-ray detectors presents a challenge for scanning transmission x-ray microscopes (STXM). The ultimate detector for the ALS STXMs should have a very high efficiency over a wide energy range, single photon counting capabilities up to 1GHz, high rejection of red laser light, fast response, and work in both vacuum and at atmospheric pressure. The results of an investigation using a photomultiplier tube (PMT) with a number of different scintillators are presented. The PMT is used in photon counting and analog modes. Scintillators used for this study include commercially available phosphor powders and various single crystals. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PHOTON detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 13496742; Fakra, S. 1 Kilcoyne, A. L. D. 1,2 Tyliszczak, T. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Department of Physics, North Carollina State University, Raleigh, NC; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p973; Subject Term: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PHOTON detectors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757959
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496742&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rogers, J. H.
AU  - Bargar, J. R.
AU  - Waychunas, G. A.
AU  - Yoon, T. H.
AU  - Brown Jr., G. E.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - A Novel Spectrometer System For Hard X-Ray Interfacial Environmental Chemistry.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 981
EP  - 984
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new high-precision spectrometer system has been developed and tested for measuring grazing-incidence XAFS spectra, x-ray reflectivity, and standing wave intensity data from adsorbates on oriented single crystals and flat polycrystalline samples. The instrument system was designed for routine, rapid installation and alignment in synchrotron experimental hutches utilized for XAFS measurements. Two major components comprise the system: (a) a strongback cradle on which flexor slits, sample positioners, and detectors are aligned, and (b) a multi-altitudinal detector support, which allows a 30-element Ge detector array to be positioned at vertical down-looking, horizontal side-looking, and intermediate observation angles. Motorized positioners provide seven axes of motion for samples, which allows accurate positioning of large sample cells and samples having uneven shapes. Precision slits located upstream of the sample provide aperture control to about 1 micron precision over a range of motion from zero to 1.5 mm, making possible measurements on mm-diameter samples at very small incidence angles (∼0.15°). An ion chamber detector located downstream of the sample is mounted on a bearing arc to rotate about the sample eucentric for specular reflectivity measurements. This detector can be replaced with an analyzer crystal and proportional counter to provide high-rate counting with high angular/energy resolution. Results from recent measurements demonstrate the utility and precision of this instrument for molecular environmental interface science. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496740; Rogers, J. H. 1 Bargar, J. R. 1 Waychunas, G. A. 2 Yoon, T. H. 3 Brown Jr., G. E. 3 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA  3: Stanford University, Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p981; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757961
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friedrich, Stephan
AU  - Drury, Owen B.
AU  - Funk, Tobias
AU  - Sherrell, Darren
AU  - Yachandra, Vittal K.
AU  - Labov, Simon E.
AU  - Cramer, Stephen P.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Superconducting High-Resolution X-Ray Spectrometers For Chemical State Analysis Of Dilute Samples.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 985
EP  - 988
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Cryogenic X-ray spectrometers operating at temperatures below 1 K combine high energy resolution with broadband efficiency for X-ray energies up to 10 keV. They offer advantages for chemical state analysis of dilute samples by fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in cases where conventional Ge or Si(Li) detectors lack energy resolution and grating spectrometers lack detection efficiency. We are developing soft X-ray spectrometers based on superconducting Nb-Al-AlOx-Al-Nb tunnel junction (STJ) technology. X-rays absorbed in one of the superconducting electrodes generate excess charge carriers in proportion to their energy, thereby producing a measurable temporary increase in tunneling current. For STJ operation at the synchrotron, we have designed a two-stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) with a cold finger that holds a 3 × 3 array of STJs inside the UHV sample chamber at a temperature of ∼0.1 K within ∼15 mm of a room temperature sample. Our STJ spectrometer can have an energy resolution below 10 eV FWHM for X-ray energies up to 1 keV, and has total count rate capabilities above 100,000 counts/s. We will describe detector performance in synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence experiments and demonstrate its use for XAS on a dilute metal site in a metalloprotein. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - BETA ray spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13496739; Friedrich, Stephan 1,2 Drury, Owen B. 1,2 Funk, Tobias 3 Sherrell, Darren 3 Yachandra, Vittal K. 3 Labov, Simon E. 1 Cramer, Stephen P. 2,3 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Detector Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA  2: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, CA  3: Physics Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p985; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: BETA ray spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757962
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496739&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siddons, D. Peter
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - An X-ray Michelson Interferometer with Low Intrinsic Time Dispersion.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 997
EP  - 1000
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The SPPS and LCLS are next-generation light sources which will produce ultra-short x-ray pulses a few 10’s of femtoseconds long, with large numbers of photons per pulse. The development of instruments to characterize the temporal properties of these beams is of significant interest. We present in this paper a concept and initial experiments towards the fabrication of an x-ray interferometer suitable for this purpose. It makes use of the temporal focusing properties of the T-2T-T Bonse-Hart interferometer to minimize the influence of the time-dispersion of the instrument on the overall response function. Separate path-length shifters based on an elastically deforming perfect crystal device are used to scan the time delay. Path-length differences of up to 0.1mm should be possible using this shifter design. An advantage of this design compared to others is that there is in principle no limit to the possible path length shift. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL interferometers
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496736; Siddons, D. Peter 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p997; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL interferometers; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757965
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496736&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan
AU  - Seely, John
AU  - Korde, Raj
AU  - Holland, Glen
AU  - Bajt, Saša
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Temperature and Polarization Performance of EUV Silicon Photodiodes.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1008
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The performance characteristics of a silicon photodiode (type AXUV100) were determined using the beamline X24C at the National Synchrotron Light Source. The diode sensitivity was measured in the temperature range of -92° C to +41° C and in the wavelength region of 3.0 nm to 88.2 nm. This work is important for understanding variations of the diode sensitivity in environments that are colder or hotter than ambient room temperature, such as on a spacecraft or under intense synchrotron or laser irradiation. In addition, the sensitivity of a AVUV100 diode with a multilayer interference coating was measured as a function of the polarization of the incident radiation and the angle of incidence. The Mo/Si multilayer coating, when operating at an angle of incidence of 45°, was designed to selectively transmit the P polarized radiation for detection by the underlying diode and to efficiently reflect the S polarization. The results demonstrate the ability to accurately measure the polarization of radiation within the reflectance profile of the multilayer centered at 13.5 nm. By optimizing the transmittance and reflectance profiles of the multilayer coating for the desired wavelength range and angle of incidence, this new multilayer-coated photodiode technique can be used to measure the polarization of incident radiation from solar, astrophysical, synchrotron, or other laboratory sources over a wide range of extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray wavelengths. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - DIODES
KW  - POLARIZATION spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - SPECTROSCOPE
N1  - Accession Number: 13496734; Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan 1 Seely, John 2 Korde, Raj 3 Holland, Glen 4 Bajt, Saša Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Universities Space Research Association, National Synchrotron Light SOurce, Upton NY  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Space Science Division, Washington DC  3: International Radiation Detectors Inc., West Suite, Largo MD  4: Lawrence Livermore National LAboratory, Livermore CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1005; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: POLARIZATION spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: SPECTROSCOPE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757967
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496734&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guo, J.-H.
AU  - Augustsson, A.
AU  - Englund, C.-J.
AU  - Nordgren, J.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Resonant Soft-x-ray Emission Spectroscopy of Liquids.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1066
EP  - 1069
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present now a possible way to carry out soft-x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy of liquids. The liquid cell has a window to attain compatibility with UHV conditions of the spectrometer and beamline, The synchrotron radiation enters the liquid cell through a 100 nm-thick silicon nitride window and the emitted x-rays exit through the same window. This allows in particular liquid-solid interfaces to be studied. Such a liquid cell has been used to study the electronic structure of a variety of systems ranging from water solutions of inorganic salts and inertial drugs to nano materials and actinide compounds in their wet conditions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - FLUOROSCOPY
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 13496719; Guo, J.-H. 1 Augustsson, A. 1,2 Englund, C.-J. 2 Nordgren, J. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA  2: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1066; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: FLUOROSCOPY; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757982
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496719&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feng, J.
AU  - MacDowell, A. A.
AU  - Duarte, R.
AU  - Doran, A.
AU  - Forest, E.
AU  - Kelez, N.
AU  - Marcus, M.
AU  - Munson, D.
AU  - Padmore, H.
AU  - Petermann, K.
AU  - Raoux, S.
AU  - Robin, R.
AU  - SChool, A.
AU  - Schlueter, R.
AU  - Schmid, P.
AU  - Stöhr, J.
AU  - Wan, W.
AU  - Wei, D. H.
AU  - Wu, Y.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - An Aberration Corrected Photoemission Electron Microscope at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1070
EP  - 1073
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Design of a new aberration corrected Photoemission electron microscope PEEM3 at the Advanced Light Source is outlined. PEEM3 will be installed on an elliptically polarized undulator beamline and will be used for the study of complex materials at high spatial and spectral resolution. The critical components of PEEM3 are the electron mirror aberration corrector and aberration-free magnetic beam separator. The models to calculate the optical properties of the electron mirror are discussed. The goal of the PEEM3 project is to achieve the highest possible transmission of the system at resolutions comparable to our present PEEM2 system (50 nm) and to enable significantly higher resolution, albeit at the sacrifice of intensity. We have left open the possibility to add an energy filter at a later date, if it becomes necessary driven by scientific need to improve the resolution further. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SPHERICAL astronomy
KW  - ADAPTIVE optics
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 13496718; Feng, J. 1 MacDowell, A. A. 1 Duarte, R. 1 Doran, A. 1 Forest, E. 2 Kelez, N. 1 Marcus, M. 1 Munson, D. 1 Padmore, H. 1 Petermann, K. 1 Raoux, S. 3 Robin, R. 1 SChool, A. 1 Schlueter, R. 1 Schmid, P. 1 Stöhr, J. 4 Wan, W. 1 Wei, D. H. 5 Wu, Y. 6 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light SOurce, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan  3: IBM, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA  4: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford, CA, USA  5: SRRC, No.1 R&D R. VI, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan  6: Department of Physics, DUke University, Durham, NC, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1070; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SPHERICAL astronomy; Subject Term: ADAPTIVE optics; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757983
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496718&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lienert, U.
AU  - Almer, J.
AU  - Haeffner, D.
AU  - Gao, Y.
AU  - Carter, W.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Nondestructive Strain Tensor Scanning within Samples of Cylindrical Symmetry.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1074
EP  - 1077
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The radial (i.e., depth below the surface) dependence of the residual strain tensor within shot-peened samples of cylindrical geometry is measured nondestructively using high-energy synchrotron radiation (80 keV). Transmission geometry is employed in combination with a triangulation slit and area detector. Thus, a radial gauge length is defined directly by the beam size rather than cumulatively as in conventional reflection geometry. A narrow incident beam of 30 micrometer diameter is used, and we demonstrate that macroscopic grain averaging is achieved even in the bulk, where the grain size is large, by oscillating the samples in two dimensions. Therefore, the samples are rotated with high frequency around the cylinder axis and translated with low frequency parallel to the axis. We argue that the combination of a narrow incident beam, a two-dimensional sample oscillation, and area detector provides a versatile technique to overcome insufficient grain averaging as the gauge volumes can be flexibly chosen by the combined translation and/or rotation oscillations. The methodology is discussed and experimental results are presented for a shot-peened steel sample. The achieved radial resolution is 30 micrometers, and the radial dependences of five strain tensor components are measured. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIAL basis functions
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PROTON synchrotrons
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
N1  - Accession Number: 13496716; Lienert, U. 1 Almer, J. 1 Haeffner, D. 1 Gao, Y. 2 Carter, W. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, IL  2: General Electric Global Research Center, Schenectady, NY; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1074; Subject Term: RADIAL basis functions; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PROTON synchrotrons; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757984
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496716&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joo, H. D.
AU  - Kim, J. K.
AU  - Bark, C. W.
AU  - Koo, Y. M.
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - In-situ Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction Study of Lattice Rotation in Polycrystalline Materials during Uniaxial Deformations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1094
EP  - 1097
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent experiments have shown that formation of dislocation cell structures and rotation of structural elements at the macroscopic level are fundamental to the development of plastic deformation. However, attention should also be focused on micro-volumes because local stress and strain can significantly differ from their averaged values at the macroscale. In-situ orientation measurements in copper polycrystals during uniaxial deformation were performed using synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction at the Advanced Light Source. We observed heterogeneities in deformation-induced microstructure within individual grains. Different slip systems in particular can be simultaneously activated among neighboring volume elements of individual grains. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PROTON synchrotrons
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496711; Joo, H. D. 1 Kim, J. K. 2 Bark, C. W. 1 Koo, Y. M. 1 Tamura, N. 3 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sci. & Eng., Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea  2: Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, South Korea  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1094; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PROTON synchrotrons; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: LASERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757989
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496711&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Attenkofer, K.
AU  - Adams, B. W.
AU  - Beno, M. A.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Instrumentation for Time-Dependent X-Ray Resonant Raman Scattering.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1138
EP  - 1141
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - X-ray absorption/fluorescence spectroscopy probes valence states relative to a core level and thus provides an absolute energy reference. The core hole lifetime broadening can be reduced by restricting the fluorescence signal with a sub-eV crystal energy analyzer. We describe the design and first performance tests of adaptive optics for a bent-crystal analyzer which is characterized by a high counting efficency and a large solid angle acceptance. The device was designed for the determination of charge carrier dynamics in photoexcited semiconductors in laser pump, x-ray probe experiments. It can also be used in a wide range of near-edge spectroscopic applications and as an ultrafast laser/x-ray cross correlator... © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - LUMINESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - FLUORESCENT probes
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13496700; Attenkofer, K. 1 Adams, B. W. 1 Beno, M. A. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Cass Ave., Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1138; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: FLUORESCENT probes; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758000
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496700&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arenholz, Elke
AU  - Prestemon, Soren O.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Octupole Magnet For Soft X Ray Magnetic Dichroism Experiments: Design and Performance.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1170
EP  - 1173
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An octupole magnet endstation for soft x ray magnetic dichroism measurements has been developed at the Advanced Light Source. The system consists of an eight pole electromagnet that surrounds a small vacuum chamber. The magnet provides fields up to 0.9 T that can be applied in any direction relative to the incoming x ray beam. High precision magnetic circular and linear dichroism spectra can be obtained reversing the magnetic field for each photon energy in an energy scan. Moreover, the field dependence of all components of the magnetization vector can be studied in detail by choosing various angles of x ray incidence while keeping the relative orientation of magnetic field and sample fixed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - DICHROISM
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PHOTONS -- Polarization
N1  - Accession Number: 13497052; Arenholz, Elke 1 Prestemon, Soren O. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA  2: Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkerey, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1170; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: DICHROISM; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PHOTONS -- Polarization; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497052&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siddons, D. Peter
AU  - Liss, Klaus-Dieter
AU  - Hastings, J. B.
AU  - Grübel, G.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Nuclear Fluorescence Using High-energy Synchrotron Radiation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1178
EP  - 1181
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present some measurements of nuclear fluorescence which were made while exploring the potential of a unique source of very hard x-rays which was installed at ESRF until recently. It produced radiation of energies up to 1MeV. In this range there are many nuclear resonances, and so we made a small survey of some plausible candidates to see if they could indeed be excited using this source. Along with short-lived resonances, we were also able to indirectly populate long-lived isomeric states in several nuclei. Thus, simply exposing the samples to the white beam for a period of time caused them to be activated. The samples could them be removed from the beam and their emissions observed using an energy-resolving detector. Isomeric states in isotopes of indium, cadmium and silver were excited and their subsequent decay observed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - X-rays
KW  - OPTICAL resonance
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 13497050; Siddons, D. Peter 1 Liss, Klaus-Dieter 2 Hastings, J. B. 3 Grübel, G. Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA  2: Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, Hamburg, Germany  3: HASYLAB, Deutches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1178; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: OPTICAL resonance; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497050&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shu, D.
AU  - Preissner, C.
AU  - Nocher, D.
AU  - Han, Y.
AU  - Barraza, J.
AU  - Lee, P.
AU  - Lee, W-K.
AU  - Cai, Z.
AU  - Ginell, S.
AU  - Alkire, R.
AU  - Lazarski, K.
AU  - Schuessler, R.
AU  - Joachimiak, A.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Design and Development of a Robot-Based Automation System for Cryogenic Crystal Sample Mounting at the Advanced Photon Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1201
EP  - 1204
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - X-ray crystallography is the primary method to determine the 3D structures of complex macromolecules at high resolution. In the years to come, the Advanced Photon Source (APS) and similar 3rd-generation synchrotron sources elsewhere will become the most powerful tools for studying atomic structures of biological molecules. One of the major bottlenecks in the x-ray data collection process is the constant need to change and realign the crystal sample. This is a very time- and manpower-consuming task. An automated sample mounting system will help to solve this bottleneck problem. We have developed a novel robot-based automation system for cryogenic crystal sample mounting at the APS. Design of the robot-based automation system, as well as its on-line test results at the Argonne Structural Biology Center (SBC) 19-BM experimental station, are presented in this paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOMATION
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ROBOTICS
KW  - THREE-dimensional display systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - BIOLOGICAL stations
N1  - Accession Number: 13497045; Shu, D. 1 Preissner, C. 1 Nocher, D. 1 Han, Y. 1 Barraza, J. 1 Lee, P. 1 Lee, W-K. 1 Cai, Z. 1 Ginell, S. 1 Alkire, R. 1 Lazarski, K. 1 Schuessler, R. Joachimiak, A. Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Cass Av., Argonne, Il, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1201; Subject Term: AUTOMATION; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ROBOTICS; Subject Term: THREE-dimensional display systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL stations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Language: Dutch/Flemish
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yacoby, Y.
AU  - Walko, D. A.
AU  - Brewe, D.
AU  - Bretschneider, M.
AU  - Sowwan, M.
AU  - Clarke, R.
AU  - Pindak, R.
AU  - Stern, E. A.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Diffractometer-Control Software For Bragg-Rod Measurements.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1221
EP  - 1224
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present Generalized Diffractometer Control (gdc), a diffractometer-control software package developed specifically for high-precision measurements of Bragg rods; we discuss its features and analyze its performance in data collection. gdc, implemented at several APS beamlines, controls a six-circle diffractometer in either Eulerian or kappa geometry, yet does not assume a mechanically ideal diffractometer; instead, the measured directions of the diffractometer axes (and the direction of the incident beam) are input parameters. The Labview-based program features a graphical interface, making it straightforward to find all the commands and operations. Other features include optimized scans along Bragg rods, straightforward background subtraction, and extensive sets of pseudomotors. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRATED software
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - COMPUTER software
N1  - Accession Number: 13497040; Yacoby, Y. 1 Walko, D. A. 2 Brewe, D. 3 Bretschneider, M. 1 Sowwan, M. 1 Clarke, R. 4 Pindak, R. 5 Stern, E. A. 3 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel  2: MHATT-CAT, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  3: Department of Physics and PNC-CAT, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA  4: Departments of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA  5: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1221; Subject Term: INTEGRATED software; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497040&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stojanoff, V.
AU  - Venkatagiriyappa, V.
AU  - Jakoncic, J.
AU  - Yin, Z.
AU  - Allaire, M.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - The NIGMS X6A East Coast Structural Biology Facility.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1237
EP  - 1240
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The X6A facility at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) is a dedicated macromolecular crystallography beam line funded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. The facility serves expert and non-expert crystallographers from protein purification to the determination of atomic coordinates. The X6A facility consists of an experimental station and an associated laboratory for sample preparation. The X6A beam line optics include an NSLS design Si(111) channel-cut monochromator and an Oxford Danfysik toroidal focusing mirror. The end station consists of a CrystalLogic Kappa diffractometer and an ADSC 210 CCD detector. Standard crystallographic packages are available to assist the users for data analysis. An automated sample changer will be added in the near future to the end station. The associated laboratory is fully equipped for all aspects of protein purification and crystallization. The beam line is currently available for users (http://protein.nsls.bnl.gov). The main goal of the X6A effort is to provide the basic tools to researchers who would like to use macromolecular crystallography and structural biology to address important biological questions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - BIOLOGICAL stations
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 13497036; Stojanoff, V. 1 Venkatagiriyappa, V. 1 Jakoncic, J. 1 Yin, Z. 1 Allaire, M. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1237; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL stations; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doran, Andrew
AU  - School, Andreas
AU  - Feng, Jung
AU  - Chao, Weilun
AU  - Anderson, Erik
AU  - Padmore, Howard
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Comprehensive Electron-optical Characterization of an X-ray Photoemission Electron Microscope.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1279
EP  - 1282
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Typically the performance of Photoemission Electron Microscopes (PEEM) is reported as one number, representative of a microscope’s ultimate performance under an ideal set of conditions. Often a simple Rayleigh criterion is used which defines the spatial resolution approximately as the minimum distance of two still distinguishable features. However, the ability of an instrument to provide meaningful spectroscopic and microscopic information depends on the contrast loss of a pattern over a much wider range of spatial frequencies. For example, the chemical signature of one area on the sample can be contaminated from an adjacent area although both areas are still easily distinguishable in a microscopic image. We report here on a more comprehensive measurement of the PEEM-II instrument at beamline 7.3.1.1 at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) that examines the response of the instrument to a wide range of experimental conditions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - X-rays
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - RAYLEIGH scattering
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13497025; Doran, Andrew 1 School, Andreas 1 Feng, Jung 1 Chao, Weilun 2 Anderson, Erik 2 Padmore, Howard 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Systems Group, Advanced Light Source, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Center for X-Ray Optics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1279; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH scattering; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497025&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shu, D.
AU  - Maser, J.
AU  - Shu, B.
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Vogt, S.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Design for an X-ray Nanoprobe Prototype with a Sub-10-nm Positioning Requirement.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1287
EP  - 1290
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We are developing a new hard x-ray nanoprobe beamline with 30 nm resolution at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Imaging and spectroscopy at this resolution level require staging of x-ray optics and specimens with a mechanical repeatability of better than 10 nm. We have developed a prototype instrument with a novel interferometrically controlled scanning stage system. The system consists of nine DC-motor-driven stages, four picomotor-driven stages, and two PZT-driven stages. An APS-designed custom-built laser Doppler displacement meter system provides two-dimensional differential displacement measurement with subnanometer resolution between the zone-plate x-ray optics and the sample holder. Also included is the alignment and stable positioning of two stacked zone plates for increasing the focusing efficiency. The entire scanning system was designed with high stiffness, high repeatability, low drift, flexible scanning schemes, and possibility of fast feedback for differential motion. Designs of the scanning stage system, as well as preliminary mechanical test results, are presented in this paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - SCANNING systems
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - ZONE plates
N1  - Accession Number: 13497023; Shu, D. 1 Maser, J. 1,2 Shu, B. 1 Lai, B. Vogt, S. Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Facilities Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, U.S.A.  2: Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1287; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: ZONE plates; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758036
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497023&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takeda, T.
AU  - Tsuchiya, Y.
AU  - Kuroe, T.
AU  - Zeniya, T.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Thet-Thet-Lwin
AU  - Yashiro, T.
AU  - Yuasa, T.
AU  - Hyodo, K.
AU  - Matsumura, K.
AU  - Dilmanian, F. A.
AU  - Itai, Y.
AU  - Akatsuka, T.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Development of High-Speed Fluorescent X-Ray Micro-Computed Tomography.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1320
EP  - 1323
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A high-speed fluorescent x-ray CT (FXCT) system using monochromatic synchrotron x rays was developed to detect very low concentration of medium-Z elements for biomedical use. The system is equipped two types of high purity germanium detectors, and fast electronics and software. Preliminary images of a 10mm diameter plastic phantom containing channels field with iodine solutions of different concentrations showed a minimum detection level of 0.002 mg I/ml at an in-plane spatial resolution of 100μm. Furthermore, the acquisition time was reduced about 1/2 comparing to previous system. The results indicate that FXCT is a highly sensitive imaging modality capable of detecting very low concentration of iodine, and that the method has potential in biomedical applications. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - X-rays
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - BIOMEDICAL engineering
KW  - IODINE
N1  - Accession Number: 13497015; Takeda, T. 1 Tsuchiya, Y. 1 Kuroe, T. 2 Zeniya, T. 2 Wu, J. 1 Thet-Thet-Lwin 1 Yashiro, T. 1 Yuasa, T. 2 Hyodo, K. 3 Matsumura, K. 1 Dilmanian, F. A. 4 Itai, Y. 1 Akatsuka, T. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan  2: Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa-shi, Yamagata, Japan  3: Institute of Materials Structurre Science, High Energy Acceleration Research Organization, Japan  4: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1320; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL engineering; Subject Term: IODINE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497015&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vogt, S.
AU  - Feser, M.
AU  - Legnini, D.
AU  - Kirz, J.
AU  - Maser, J.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Fast Differential Phase-Contrast Imaging and Total Fluorescence Yield Mapping in a Hard X-ray Fluorescence Microprobe.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1348
EP  - 1351
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have incorporated differential phase-contrast (DPC) detection in a hard x-ray fluorescence microprobe at the Advanced Photon Source. We report a straightforward implementation of unidirectional DPC and demonstrate that it is highly advantageous for imaging low-Z specimens with hard x-rays (10keV). Phase-contrast imaging of a specimen can be used to acquire fast overview images of samples that allow more precise targeting of time consuming fluorescence scans. In order to get an overview of the elemental content of a specimen in these fly-scans, we have also implemented a fast detection of total fluorescence yield. Additionally, a DPC image of the specimen is obtained simultaneously with the fluorescence maps in normal step-scanning mode, to facilitate a direct comparison and co-registration with visible light micrographs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - MICROPROBE analysis
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-ray optics
N1  - Accession Number: 13497008; Vogt, S. 1 Feser, M. 2 Legnini, D. 1 Kirz, J. 2 Maser, J. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Av., Argonne, IL, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1348; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: MICROPROBE analysis; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758051
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497008&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tyliszczak, T.
AU  - Warwick, T.
AU  - Kilcoyne, A. L. D.
AU  - Fakra, S.
AU  - Shuh, D. K.
AU  - Yoon, T. H.
AU  - Brown Jr., G. E.
AU  - Andrews, S.
AU  - Chembrolu, V.
AU  - Strachan, J.
AU  - Acremann, Y.
T1  - Soft X-ray Scanning Transmission Microscope Working in an Extended Energy Range at the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1356
EP  - 1359
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - One of the ALS scanning transmission x-ray microscopes (STXMs) has been moved to the new ALS molecular environmental science beamline 11.0.2. The STXM is located on the microscopy branchline downstream of an elliptically-polarizing undulator delivering x-rays from 80 eV to 1900 eV. The wide energy range allows STXM operations with the current zone plate from 190 eV to about 1900 eV, the highest accessible energy with sufficient flux. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
KW  - X-ray microscopes
KW  - ZONE plates
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13497006; Tyliszczak, T. 1 Warwick, T. 1 Kilcoyne, A. L. D. 1 Fakra, S. 1 Shuh, D. K. 1 Yoon, T. H. 2 Brown Jr., G. E. 2,3 Andrews, S. 4 Chembrolu, V. 5 Strachan, J. 5 Acremann, Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Dept of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA  3: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, USA  4: Materials Sciences Dept., Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA  5: Applied Physics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1356; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; Subject Term: X-ray microscopes; Subject Term: ZONE plates; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758053
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497006&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spence, J. C. H.
AU  - Howells, M. R.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Coherent Diffractive Imaging with X-rays and Electrons.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1372
EP  - 1375
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Due to a fusion of ideas from several disciplines, it is now often possible to numerically retrieve the apparently lost phases from a recording of the intensity diffracted from an unknown object. This opens the possibility to develop forms of microscopy based on illumination by coherent beams produced either by a field emission gun in an electron microscope or by an undulator on an electron storage ring. Both of these approaches have now been demonstrated and a community is growing up to exploit these evolving techniques. In this paper we discuss the historical developments which have made this possible and describe the progress so far and some of the future prospects. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - FIELD emission
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13497001; Spence, J. C. H. 1 Howells, M. R. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287-1504, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1372; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: FIELD emission; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758057
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13497001&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choe, S. B.
AU  - Acremann, T.
AU  - Bauer, A.
AU  - Scholl, A.
AU  - Doran, A.
AU  - Stöhr, J.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - P-sec Time-Resolved Microscopy of Magnetic Structures Using X-PEEM.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1391
EP  - 1394
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A pump-probe setup has been developed at the Advanced Light Source for the microscopic investigation of p-sec dynamics using a synchronized Laser—X-ray Photoemission Electron Microscope. This setup is optimized for the investigation of magnetization dynamics in small structures. First experiments have been conducted on waveguides at a time resolution of 100 ps and a spatial resolution of 100 nm. The deflection of the photoexcited electrons in the microscope by the transient potential on the waveguide is a useful means for finding time zero and for determining the shape of the field pulse. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - MAGNETIC structure
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
N1  - Accession Number: 13496997; Choe, S. B. 1 Acremann, T. 2 Bauer, A. 3 Scholl, A. 1 Doran, A. 1 Stöhr, J. 2 Padmore, H. A. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, SLAC, Stanford, CA, USA  3: Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1391; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC structure; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496997&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, Bernhard W.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Subpicosecond Coherent Manipulation of X-Rays.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1395
EP  - 1398
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Takagi-Taupin theory is synthesized with the eikonal theory in a unified space-time approach, based upon microscopic electromagnetism. It is designed specifically to address x-ray diffraction in crystal structures being modified within down to a few femtosconds. Possible applications in the subpicosecond coherent manipulation of x-rays are given. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - EIKONAL equation
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496996; Adams, Bernhard W. 1 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1395; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: EIKONAL equation; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758062
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496996&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brewe, D. L.
AU  - Heald, S. M.
AU  - Stern, E. A.
AU  - Beck, K. M.
AU  - Feng, Y.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - High Efficiency XAFS Data Collection With Sub-Nanosecond Time Resolution.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1399
EP  - 1402
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Synchrotron-based laser pump/x-ray probe experiments on a ns or faster time scale have typically used ultrafast lasers suffering from the limitation of low repetition rates on the order of 1–10 kHz. This severely limits the data collection efficiency, since the x-ray bunches repeat at a much higher rate. This is particularly critical for XAFS experiments, which require very large S/N ratios (∼ 104 or better) to extract useful EXAFS far above the absorption edge. PNC-CAT has developed an apparatus based on a laser repeating at the rate of the APS bunch repetition frequency of 272 kHz, allowing an increase in data collection efficiency by two orders of magnitude. We have used this apparatus to obtain preliminary results for the time-resolved EXAFS from a 200nm thick polycrystalline Ge film which has been heated by the laser. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - GERMANIUM crystals
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - LASER manipulation (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13496995; Brewe, D. L. 1,2 Heald, S. M. 2,3 Stern, E. A. 2 Beck, K. M. 3 Feng, Y. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest Consortium-Collaborative Access Team, Sector 20, Advanced Photon SOurce, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 68115, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1399; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: GERMANIUM crystals; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: LASER manipulation (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758063
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496995&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schoenlein, R. W.
AU  - Cavalleri, A.
AU  - Chong, H. H. W.
AU  - Glover, T. E.
AU  - Heimann, P. A.
AU  - Zholents, A. A.
AU  - Zolotrev, M. S.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - Generation of Femtosecond Synchrotron Pulses: Performance and Characterization.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1403
EP  - 1406
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Femtosecond synchrotron pulses of <200 fs duration are generated at the Advanced Light Source beamline 5.3.1 via laser manipulation of the stored electron beam. We demonstrate a peak laser acceleration of >13 MeV relative to the nominal 1.9 GeV beam energy. Femtosecond pulses are effectively isolated from the long-pulse background using the transverse dispersion of the storage ring in combination with an x-ray imaging optic and a pair of slits to achieve a signal/background ratio of ∼1. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - LASER manipulation (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 13496994; Schoenlein, R. W. 1 Cavalleri, A. 1 Chong, H. H. W. 2 Glover, T. E. 3 Heimann, P. A. 3 Zholents, A. A. 4 Zolotrev, M. S. 4 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Natonal Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Applied Sciences Graduate Program, U.C. Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Accelerator and Fusion Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1403; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: LASER manipulation (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758064
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496994&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heimann, P. A.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
AU  - Schoenlein, R. W.
AU  - Warwick, T.
T1  - ALS Beamline 6.0 For Ultrafast X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 705
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1407
EP  - 1410
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - ALS Beamline 6.0 is designed for x-ray absorption spectroscopy with femtosecond x-ray pulses generated by the bunch ‘slicing’ technique. The fs x-ray pulses are isolated by imaging the source and translating slits a small vertical distance from the optical axis. Soft and hard x-ray branch lines will cover a wide photon energy range from 120 eV to 10 keV. A soft x-ray spectrograph will collect absorption spectra dispersively. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTROGRAPHS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13496993; Heimann, P. A. 1 Padmore, H. A. 1 Schoenlein, R. W. 2 Warwick, T.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 705 Issue 1, p1407; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTROGRAPHS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423490 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13496993&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gazda, Daniel B.
AU  - Fritz, James S.
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
T1  - Determination of nickel(II) as the nickel dimethylglyoxime complex using colorimetric solid phase extraction
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 508
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 00032670
AB  - Colorimetric solid phase extraction (C-SPE) is an analytical technique in which analytes in water samples are extracted onto a solid adsorbent matrix impregnated with a colorimetric reagent and then quantified directly on the adsorbent surface using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. This paper presents a further development in C-SPE. In this case, the reagent employed to detect the analyte is not impregnated on the extraction medium. Instead, the reagent is weakly immobilized on a solid support (i.e., filter paper) and released into the sample as it flows through the support. The reagent complexes the analyte in solution, forming a highly colored precipitate that is collected on the surface of an extraction membrane. The concentration of analyte is determined using the Kubelka–Munk function calculated from the diffuse reflectance spectrum of the precipitate on the membrane surface. This precipitation–spectrophotometric platform is extensively evaluated by determining nickel(II) using dimethylglyoxime (DMG) as the precipitating reagent. The ability to optimize reaction conditions with immobilized reagents by in-line buffering is also demonstrated. Specifically, borax buffer was utilized to adjust the pH of nickel(II) samples prepared in deionized water. This combination of immobilized buffer and reagent allows C-SPE to operate in a solid-phase mode in which all the reagents requisite for optimal analyte determination are immobilized on solid supports. Using this method, nickel(II) was determined in a single processing step over the concentration range 0.50–5.0 ppm in ∼40 s with 1.0 ml sample volumes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - SOLID phase extraction
KW  - COLORIMETRY
KW  - REFLECTANCE spectroscopy
KW  - Colorimetric solid phase extraction
KW  - Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
KW  - Dimethylglyoxime
KW  - Nickel
N1  - Accession Number: 12308670; Gazda, Daniel B. 1 Fritz, James S. 1 Porter, Marc D.; Email Address: mporter@porter1.ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Department of Energy, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 508 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: SOLID phase extraction; Subject Term: COLORIMETRY; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colorimetric solid phase extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimethylglyoxime; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.aca.2003.11.044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12308670&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Simon
AU  - Singh, Anup K.
AU  - Shepodd, Timothy J.
AU  - Kirby, Brian J.
T1  - Microchip Dialysis of Proteins Using in Situ Photopatterned Nanoporous Polymer Membranes.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2367
EP  - 2373
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Chip-level integration of microdialysis membranes is described using a novel method for in situ photopatterning of porous polymer features. Rapid and inexpensive fabrication of nanoporous microdialysis membranes in microchips is achieved using a phase separation polymerization technique with a shaped UV laser beam. By controlling the phase separation process, the molecular weight cutoffs of the membranes can be engineered for different applications. Counterflow dialysis is used to demonstrate extraction of low molecular weight analytes from a sample stream, using two different molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) membranes; the first one with MWCO below 5700 for desalting protein samples, and the second one with a higher MWCO for size-based fractionation of proteins. Modeling based on a simple control volume analysis on the microdialysis system is consistent with measured concentration profiles, indicating both that membrane properties are uniform, well-defined, and reproducible and that diffusion of subcutoff analytes through the membrane is rapid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS -- Analysis
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - DIALYSIS (Chemistry)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12965980; Song, Simon 1 Singh, Anup K. 1 Shepodd, Timothy J. 1 Kirby, Brian J. 1; Email Address: bjkirby@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9951, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: 4/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 8, p2367; Subject Term: PROTEINS -- Analysis; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: DIALYSIS (Chemistry); Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621492 Kidney Dialysis Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac035290r
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12965980&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sauer, Kenneth
AU  - Yachandra, Vittal K.
T1  - The water-oxidation complex in photosynthesis
JO  - BBA - Bioenergetics
JF  - BBA - Bioenergetics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 1655
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
SN  - 00052728
AB  - Studies of the photosynthetic water-oxidation complex of photosystem II (PS II) using spectroscopic techniques have characterized not only important structural features, but also changes that occur in oxidation state of the Mn4 cluster and in its internal organization during the accumulation of oxidizing equivalents leading to O2 formation. Combining this spectroscopic information with that from the recently published relatively low-resolution X-ray diffraction studies, we have succeeded in limiting the range of likely cluster arrangements. This evidence strongly supports several options proposed earlier by DeRose et al. [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116 (1994) 5239] and these can be further narrowed using compatibility with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Bioenergetics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)
KW  - EPR
KW  - EXAFS
KW  - extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS)
KW  - multiline EPR signal (MLS)
KW  - Oxygen evolution
KW  - oxygen evolving complex (OEC)
KW  - Oxygen-evolving complex
KW  - Photosystem II
KW  - photosystem II (PS II)
KW  - S-state
KW  - tyrosine D (YD)
KW  - tyrosine Z (YZ)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES)
KW  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS)
KW  - X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES)
KW  - XANES
N1  - Accession Number: 12852944; Sauer, Kenneth 1,2; Email Address: KHSauer@LBL.GOV Yachandra, Vittal K. 1; Email Address: VKYachandra@LBL.GOV; Affiliation:  1: Melvin Calvin Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 1655 Issue 1-3, p140; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR); Author-Supplied Keyword: EPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: EXAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS); Author-Supplied Keyword: multiline EPR signal (MLS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxygen evolving complex (OEC); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen-evolving complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosystem II; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosystem II (PS II); Author-Supplied Keyword: S-state; Author-Supplied Keyword: tyrosine D (YD); Author-Supplied Keyword: tyrosine Z (YZ); Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES); Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS); Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES); Author-Supplied Keyword: XANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbabio.2003.07.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12852944&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Britt, R. David
AU  - Campbell, Kristy A.
AU  - Peloquin, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Gilchrist, M. Lane
AU  - Aznar, Constantino P.
AU  - Dicus, Michelle M.
AU  - Robblee, John
AU  - Messinger, Johannes
T1  - Recent pulsed EPR studies of the Photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex: implications as to water oxidation mechanisms
JO  - BBA - Bioenergetics
JF  - BBA - Bioenergetics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 1655
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 158
SN  - 00052728
AB  - The pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) methods of electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) and electron spin echo-electron nuclear double resonance (ESE-ENDOR) are used to investigate the structure of the Photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex (OEC), including the paramagnetic manganese cluster and its immediate surroundings. Recent unpublished results from the pulsed EPR laboratory at UC-Davis are discussed, along with aspects of recent publications, with a focus on substrate and cofactor interactions. New data on the proximity of exchangeable deuterons around the Mn cluster poised in the S0-state are presented and interpreted. These pulsed EPR results are used in an evaluation of several recently proposed mechanisms for PSII water oxidation. We strongly favor mechanistic models where the substrate waters bind within the OEC early in the S-state cycle. Models in which the O&z.sbnd;O bond is formed by a nucleophilic attack by a Ca2+-bound water on a strong S4-state electrophile provide a good match to the pulsed EPR data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Bioenergetics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - NEUTRON spin echoes
KW  - WATER
KW  - carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP)
KW  - chlorophyll (CHL)
KW  - continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW EPR)
KW  - dichlorophenyldimethyl urea (DCMU)
KW  - electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR)
KW  - electron spin echo (ESE)
KW  - electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM)
KW  - ENDOR
KW  - ESEEM
KW  - Multiline EPR signal
KW  - oxygen-evolving complex (OEC)
KW  - phenyl-1,4-benzoquinone (PPBQ)
KW  - Photosystem II (PSII)
KW  - S0-state
KW  - Substrate water binding
N1  - Accession Number: 12852947; Britt, R. David 1; Email Address: rdbritt@ucdavis.edu Campbell, Kristy A. 1 Peloquin, Jeffrey M. 1 Gilchrist, M. Lane 1 Aznar, Constantino P. 1 Dicus, Michelle M. 1 Robblee, John 2 Messinger, Johannes 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Melvin Calvin Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-5230, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 1655 Issue 1-3, p158; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: NEUTRON spin echoes; Subject Term: WATER; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP); Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorophyll (CHL); Author-Supplied Keyword: continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW EPR); Author-Supplied Keyword: dichlorophenyldimethyl urea (DCMU); Author-Supplied Keyword: electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR); Author-Supplied Keyword: electron spin echo (ESE); Author-Supplied Keyword: electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: ENDOR; Author-Supplied Keyword: ESEEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiline EPR signal; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxygen-evolving complex (OEC); Author-Supplied Keyword: phenyl-1,4-benzoquinone (PPBQ); Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosystem II (PSII); Author-Supplied Keyword: S0-state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substrate water binding; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbabio.2003.11.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12852947&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McMahon, Benjamin H.
AU  - Fabian, Marian
AU  - Tomson, Farol
AU  - Causgrove, Timothy P.
AU  - Bailey, James A.
AU  - Rein, Francisca N.
AU  - Dyer, R. Brian
AU  - Palmer, Graham
AU  - Gennis, Robert B.
AU  - Woodruff, William H.
T1  - FTIR studies of internal proton transfer reactions linked to inter-heme electron transfer in bovine cytochrome c oxidase
JO  - BBA - Bioenergetics
JF  - BBA - Bioenergetics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 1655
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
SN  - 00052728
AB  - FTIR difference spectroscopy is used to reveal changes in the internal structure and amino acid protonation states of bovine cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) that occur upon photolysis of the CO adduct of the two-electron reduced (mixed valence, MV) and four-electron reduced (fully reduced, FR) forms of the enzyme. FTIR difference spectra were obtained in D2O (pH 6–9.3) between the MV-CO adduct (heme a3 and CuB reduced; heme a and CuA oxidized) and a photostationary state in which the MV-CO enzyme is photodissociated under constant illumination. In the photostationary state, part of the enzyme population has heme a3 oxidized and heme a reduced. In MV-CO, the frequency of the stretch mode of CO bound to ferrous heme a3 decreases from 1965.3 cm−1 at pH* ≤7 to 1963.7 cm−1 at pH* 9.3. In the CO adduct of the fully reduced enzyme (FR-CO), the CO stretching frequency is observed at 1963.46±0.05 cm−1, independent of pH. This indicates that in MV-CO there is a group proximal to heme a that deprotonates with a pKa of about 8.3, but that remains protonated over the entire pH* range 6–9.3 in FR-CO. The pKa of this group is therefore strongly coupled to the redox state of heme a. Following photodissociation of CO from heme a3 in MV oxidases, the extent of electron transfer from heme a3 to heme a shows a pH-dependent phase between pH 7 and 9, and a pH-independent phase at all pH''s. The FTIR difference spectrum resulting from photolysis of MV-CO exhibits vibrational features of the protein backbone and side chains associated with (1) the loss of CO by the a3 heme in the absence of electron transfer, (2) the pH-independent phase of the electron transfer, and (3) the pH-dependent phase of the electron transfer. Many infrared features change intensity or frequency during both electron transfer phases and thus appear as positive or negative features in the difference spectra. In particular, a negative band at 1735 cm−1 and a positive band at 1412 cm−1 are consistent with the deprotonation of the acidic residue E242. Positive features at 1552 and 1661 cm−1 are due to amide backbone modes. Other positive and negative features between 1600 and 1700 cm−1 are consistent with redox-induced shifts in heme formyl vibrations, and the redox-linked protonation of an arginine residue, accompanying electron transfer from heme a3 to heme a. An arginine could be the residue responsible for the pH-dependent shift in the carbonyl frequency of MV-CO. Specific possibilities as to the functional significance of these observations are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Bioenergetics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON transfer reactions
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - COPPER
KW  - cytochrome c oxidase (CcO)
KW  - Cytochrome oxidase
KW  - FTIR
KW  - fully reduced cytochrome c oxidase (FR)
KW  - Glutamate
KW  - mixed valence (two-electron reduced) cytochrome c oxidase (MV)
KW  - Mixed-valence
KW  - refer to the carbon monoxide adducts with ferrous heme a3 in the MV and FR forms of the enzyme, respectively (MV-CO and FR-CO)
KW  - refers to the reading of the pH meter using D2O buffer (pH*)
N1  - Accession Number: 12852968; McMahon, Benjamin H. 1 Fabian, Marian 2 Tomson, Farol 3 Causgrove, Timothy P. 1 Bailey, James A. 1 Rein, Francisca N. 1 Dyer, R. Brian 1 Palmer, Graham 2 Gennis, Robert B. 3 Woodruff, William H. 1; Email Address: woody@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Bioscience Division, and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Michelson Res., Bioscience Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Biochemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  3: Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, 600 South Mathews Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 1655 Issue 1-3, p321; Subject Term: PROTON transfer reactions; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: COPPER; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome c oxidase (CcO); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome oxidase; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: fully reduced cytochrome c oxidase (FR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Glutamate; Author-Supplied Keyword: mixed valence (two-electron reduced) cytochrome c oxidase (MV); Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed-valence; Author-Supplied Keyword: refer to the carbon monoxide adducts with ferrous heme a3 in the MV and FR forms of the enzyme, respectively (MV-CO and FR-CO); Author-Supplied Keyword: refers to the reading of the pH meter using D2O buffer (pH*); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbabio.2004.01.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Culha, Mustafa
AU  - Stokes, David L.
AU  - Griffin, Guy D.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Application of a miniature biochip using the molecular beacon probe in breast cancer gene BRCA1 detection
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 19
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1007
SN  - 09565663
AB  - We report for the first time the application of a biochip using the molecular beacon (MB) detection scheme. The usability of this biochip novel detection system for the analysis of the breast cancer gene BRCA1 is demonstrated using molecular beacon probes. The MB is designed for the BRCA1 gene and a miniature biochip system is used for detection. The performance of the biochip-MB detection system is evaluated. The optimum conditions for the MB system for highest fluorescence detection sensitivity are investigated for the detection system. The detection of BRCA1 gene is successfully demonstrated in solution and the limit of detection (LOD) is estimated as 70 nM. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - BIOCHIPS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - GENES
KW  - Biochip
KW  - BRCA1
KW  - Detection
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Molecular beacon
N1  - Accession Number: 12377284; Culha, Mustafa 1 Stokes, David L. 1 Griffin, Guy D. 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Life Science Division, Bethel Valley Road, MS-6101, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1007; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Subject Term: BIOCHIPS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: GENES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biochip; Author-Supplied Keyword: BRCA1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beacon; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bios.2003.09.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12377284&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feng, Jie
AU  - Liu, Honglai
AU  - Hu, Ying
AU  - M. Prausnitz, John
T1  - Micro-phase separation of diblock–copolymer melts confined in a slit from simulation calculations—effect of coarse-graining scale
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 59
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1701
EP  - 1710
SN  - 00092509
AB  - Two methods with different levels of coarse-graining are used to simulate microphase separation in diblock copolymer melts. The first uses Monte Carlo simulation (MC) based on particles and the second uses the cell-dynamical-system method (CDS) based on fluid elements. Results are presented for symmetric and asymmetric <f>A</f>–<f>B</f> diblock-copolymer melts (<f>fA=0.5</f>, 0.4, 0.3 and 0.2) confined in a slit. Several microdomain morphologies are obtained. A lamella structure with alternate <f>A</f>- and <f>B</f>-rich layers appears for the symmetric case. Mesh-like, bi-continuous cylinder-like and dispersed sphere-like layers appear for asymmetric block copolymers with different compositions. Both methods of calculation give similar morphologies, indicating their mutual consistency. However, the calculation efficiency of CDS is remarkably higher, and it is therefore used to provide the pattern evolutions in time, the order-parameter distribution in real space, and the dynamic scattering function in Fourier space. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - Coarse-graining
KW  - Complex fluids
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Nanostructure
KW  - Polymer
KW  - Simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 13429487; Feng, Jie 1 Liu, Honglai 1; Email Address: hlliu@ecust.edu.cn Hu, Ying 1; Email Address: yinghu@ecust.edu.cn M. Prausnitz, John 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 59 Issue 8/9, p1701; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coarse-graining; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex fluids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ces.2004.01.026
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13429487&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Micic, Miodrag
AU  - Hu, Dehong
AU  - Suh, Yung Doug
AU  - Newton, Greg
AU  - Romine, Margaret
AU  - Lu, H. Peter
T1  - Correlated atomic force microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging of live bacterial cells
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 09277765
AB  - We report on imaging living bacterial cells by using a correlated tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). For optimal imaging of Gram-negative Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cells, we explored different methods of bacterial sample preparation, such as spreading the cells on poly-l-lysine coated surfaces or agarose gel coated surfaces. We have found that the agarose gel containing 99% ammonium acetate buffer can provide sufficient local aqueous environment for single bacterial cells. Furthermore, the cell surface topography can be characterized by tapping-mode in-air AFM imaging for the single bacterial cells that are partially embedded. Using in-air rather than under-water AFM imaging of the living cells significantly enhanced the contrast and signal-to-noise ratio of the AFM images. Near-field AFM-tip-enhanced fluorescence lifetime imaging (AFM–FLIM) holds high promise on obtaining fluorescence images beyond optical diffraction limited spatial resolution. We have previously demonstrated near-field AFM–FLIM imaging of polymer beads beyond diffraction limited spatial resolution. Here, as the first step of applying AFM–FLIM on imaging bacterial living cells, we demonstrated a correlated and consecutive AFM topographic imaging, fluorescence intensity imaging, and FLIM imaging of living bacterial cells to characterize cell polarity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - SHEWANELLA
KW  - Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Cell wall
KW  - Confocal microscopy
KW  - Flagella
KW  - Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM)
KW  - Shewanella oneidensis
N1  - Accession Number: 12745468; Micic, Miodrag Hu, Dehong 1 Suh, Yung Doug 1 Newton, Greg 1 Romine, Margaret 1 Lu, H. Peter; Email Address: peter.lu@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p205; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: SHEWANELLA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy (AFM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell wall; Author-Supplied Keyword: Confocal microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flagella; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Shewanella oneidensis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2003.10.020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12745468&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobaczewski, J.
AU  - Olbratowski, P.
T1  - Solution of the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov equations in the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. (IV) HFODD (v2.08i): a new version of the program
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 158
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 158
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We describe the new version (v2.08i) of the code HFODD which solves the nuclear Skyrme–Hartree–Fock or Skyrme–Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov problem by using the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. In the new version, all symmetries can be broken, which allows for calculations with angular frequency and angular momentum tilted with respect to the mass distribution. The new version contains an interface to the LAPACK subroutine ZHPEVX.: Program summaryTitle of the program: HFODD (v2.08i)Catalogue number: ADTOProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen''s University of Belfast, N. IrelandProgram summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADTOReference in CPC for earlier version of program: J. Dobaczewski and J. Dudek, Comput. Phys. Commun. 131 (2000) 164 (v1.75r)Catalogue number of previous version: ADMLLicensing provisions: noneDoes the new version supersede the previous one: yesComputers on which the program has been tested: SG Power Challenge L, Pentium-II, Pentium-III, AMD-AthlonOperating systems: UNIX, LINUX, Windows-2000Programming language used: FORTRAN-77 and FORTRAN-90Memory required to execute with typical data: 10 MwordsNo. of bits in a word: The code is written in single-precision for the use on a 64-bit processor. The compiler option -r8 or +autodblpad (or equivalent) has to be used to promote all real and complex single-precision floating-point items to double precision when the code is used on a 32-bit machine.Has the code been vectorised?: YesNo. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 265352No. of lines in distributed program: 52656Distribution format: tar gzip fileNature of physical problem: The nuclear mean-field and an analysis of its symmetries in realistic cases are the main ingredients of a description of nuclear states. Within the Local Density Approximation, or for a zero-range velocity-dependent Skyrme interaction, the nuclear mean-field is local and velocity dependent. The locality allows for an effective and fast solution of the self-consistent Hartree–Fock equations, even for heavy nuclei, and for various nucleonic (<f>n</f>-particle <f>n</f>-hole) configurations, deformations, excitation energies, or angular momenta. Similar Local Density Approximation in the particle-particle channel, which is equivalent to using a zero-range interaction, allows for a simple implementation of pairing effects within the Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov method.Method of solution: The program uses the Cartesian harmonic oscillator basis to expand single-particle or single-quasiparticle wave functions of neutrons and protons interacting by means of the Skyrme effective interaction and zero-range pairing interaction. The expansion coefficients are determined by the iterative diagonalization of the mean field Hamiltonians or Routhians which depend non-linearly on the local neutron and proton densities. Suitable constraints are used to obtain states corresponding to a given configuration, deformation or angular momentum. The method of solution has been presented in: J. Dobaczewski, J. Dudek, Comput. Phys. Commun. 102 (1997) 166.Summary of revisions:  <l type="ord"><li>Two insignificant errors have been corrected.</li><li>Breaking of all the three plane-reflection symmetries has been implemented.</li><li>Breaking of all the three time-reversal×plane-reflection symmetries has been implemented.</li><li>Conservation of parity with simultaneously broken simplex has been implemented.</li><li>Tilted-axis cranking has been implemented.</li><li>Cranking with isovector angular frequency has been implemented.</li><li>Quadratic constraint on tilted angular momentum has been added.</li><li>Constraint on the vector product of angular frequency and angular momentum has been added.</li><li>Calculation of surface multipole moments has been added.</li><li>Constraints on surface multipole moments have been added.</li><li>Calculation of magnetic moments has been added.</li><li>Calculation of multipole and surface multipole moments in the center-of-mass reference frame has been added.</li><li>Calculation of multipole, surface multipole, and magnetic moments in the principal-axes (intrinsic) reference frame has been added.</li><li>Calculation of angular momenta in the center-of-mass and principal-axes reference frames has been added.</li><li>New single-particle observables for a diabatic blocking have been added.</li><li>Solution of the Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov equations has been implemented.</li><li>Non-standard spin-orbit energy density has been implemented.</li><li>Non-standard center-of-mass corrections have been implemented.</li><li>Definition of the time-odd terms through the Landau parameters has been implemented.</li><li>Definition of Skyrme forces taken from the literature now includes the force parameters as well as the value of the nucleon mass and the treatment of tensor, spin-orbit, and center-of-mass terms specific to the given force.</li><li>Interface to the LAPACK subroutine ZHPEVX has been implemented.</li><li>Computer memory management has been improved by implementing the memory-allocation features available within FORTRAN-90.</li></l>Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: The main restriction is the CPU time required for calculations of heavy deformed nuclei and for a given precision required. Pairing correlations are only included for even-even nuclei and conserved simplex symmetry.Typical running time: One Hartree–Fock iteration for the superdeformed, rotating, parity conserving state of 15266Dy86 takes about six seconds on the AMD-Athlon 1600+ processor. Starting from the Woods–Saxon wave functions, about fifty iterations are required to obtain the energy converged within the precision of about 0.1 keV. In case when every value of the angular velocity is converged separately, the complete superdeformed band with precisely determined dynamical moments <f>J(2)</f> can be obtained within forty minutes of CPU on the AMD-Athlon 1600+ processor. This time can be often reduced by a factor of three when a self-consistent solution for a given rotational frequency is used as a starting point for a neighboring rotational frequency.Unusual features of the program: The user must have an access to the NAGLIB subroutine F02AXE, or to the LAPACK subroutines ZHPEV or ZHPEVX, which diagonalize complex hermitian matrices, or provide another subroutine which can perform such a task. The LAPACK subroutines ZHPEV and ZHPEVX can be obtained from the Netlib Repository at University of Tennessee, Knoxville: http://netlib2.cs.utk.edu/cgi-bin/netlibfiles.pl?filename=/lapack/complex16/zhpev.f and http://netlib2.cs.utk.edu/cgi-bin/netlibfiles.pl?filename=/lapack/complex16/zhpevx.f respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - HARMONIC oscillators
KW  - HARMONIC motion
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - 21.60.-n
KW  - Coulomb field
KW  - Harmonic oscillator
KW  - Hartree–Fock
KW  - Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov
KW  - High-spin states
KW  - Level crossings
KW  - Moments of inertia
KW  - Nuclear many-body problem
KW  - Nuclear radii
KW  - Nuclear rotation
KW  - Octupole deformation
KW  - Pairing
KW  - Point symmetries
KW  - Quadrupole deformation
KW  - Self-consistent mean-field
KW  - Single-particle spectra
KW  - Skyrme interaction
KW  - Superdeformation
N1  - Accession Number: 12743220; Dobaczewski, J. 1,2,3,4; Email Address: jacek.dobaczewski@fuw.edu.pl Olbratowski, P. 1,2; Email Address: przemyslaw.olbratowski@fuw.edu.pl; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoża 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland  2: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques, CNRS-IN2P3/Université Louis Pasteur, F-67037 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  4: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 158 Issue 3, p158; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: HARMONIC oscillators; Subject Term: HARMONIC motion; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: 21.60.-n; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulomb field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harmonic oscillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hartree–Fock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-spin states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Level crossings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moments of inertia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear many-body problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear radii; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Octupole deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pairing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Point symmetries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadrupole deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-consistent mean-field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-particle spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Skyrme interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superdeformation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.02.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12743220&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Seung-Wan
AU  - Richardson, Thomas J.
AU  - Zhuang, Guorong V.
AU  - Devine, Thomas M.
AU  - Evans, James W.
T1  - Effect on aluminum corrosion of LiBF4 addition into lithium imide electrolyte; a study using the EQCM
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1483
SN  - 00134686
AB  - A study of the corrosion of Al, used as a current collector for the cathode of rechargeable lithium batteries, has been carried out using the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). An aluminum film was highly corroded in 1 M LiTFSI (lithium trifluorosulfonimide (LiTFSI), LiN(SO2CF3)2)/<F>EC+DMC</F> electrolyte at 2–5 V versus Li/Li+ with the formation of large pits, while the corrosion was clearly suppressed by adding LiBF4 salt into the imide electrolyte. Depression of corrosion on adding LiBF4 was attributed to the formation of a stable passive layer on the surface of aluminum due to the reaction of aluminum with electrolyte and the decomposition of electrolyte solvent at high potentials. The resulting data may help clarify the corrosion mechanism of aluminum metal in imide electrolyte and give insight into enhancing the performance of lithium ion batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - MICROBALANCES
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - EQCM
KW  - Imide electrolyte
KW  - Passive layer
KW  - Rechargeable lithium batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 12168085; Song, Seung-Wan 1 Richardson, Thomas J. 1 Zhuang, Guorong V. 2 Devine, Thomas M. 1,3; Email Address: devine@socrates.berkeley.edu Evans, James W. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 210 Hearst Mining Building, MC 1760, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 49 Issue 9/10, p1483; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: MICROBALANCES; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: EQCM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imide electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Passive layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rechargeable lithium batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2003.10.034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12168085&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Francoual, S.
AU  - Shibata, K.
AU  - De Boissieu, M.
AU  - Baron, A. Q. R.
AU  - Tsutsui, S.
AU  - Currat, R.
AU  - Takakura, H.
AU  - Tsai, A. P.
AU  - Lograsso, T. A.
AU  - Ross, A. R.
T1  - Experimental Study of Phonon Dynamics in the Icosahedral i-CdYb Phase and its 1/1 Periodic Approximant.
JO  - Ferroelectrics
JF  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 305
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 238
SN  - 00150193
AB  - We report on a comparative dynamical study carried out by inelastic X-ray scattering on the i-Cdit5.7Yb quasicrystal and on its 1/1 approximant Cdit6Yb. The phonon response function is shown to be very similar in both systems, with well defined acoustic modes for small wavevector values and dispersionless optical bands centred around 4, 9 and 16 meV. However, the acoustic regime is found to be more limited in the i-phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - ICOSAHEDRA
KW  - POLYHEDRA
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - approximants
KW  - inelastic X-ray scattering
KW  - inelastic X-ray scattering.
KW  - lattice dynamics
KW  - Quasicrystals
N1  - Accession Number: 15060825; Francoual, S. 1,2; Email Address: sfranco@ltpcm.inpg.fr Shibata, K. 3 De Boissieu, M. 1 Baron, A. Q. R. 4 Tsutsui, S. 4 Currat, R. 2 Takakura, H. 5 Tsai, A. P. 6 Lograsso, T. A. 7 Ross, A. R. 8; Affiliation:  1: LTPCM/ENSEEG, UMR CNRS 5614, 38402 St Martin d'H`eres, France.  2: Institut Laue Langevin, BP 156 38042 Grenoble, France.  3: Neutron Science Research Center, JAERI, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan.  4: SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.  5: Advanced Materials Laboratory, NIMS, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.  6: Materials Engineering Laboratory, NIMS, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan.  7: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, IA 50011, USA.  8: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 305 Issue 1, p235; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: ICOSAHEDRA; Subject Term: POLYHEDRA; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: approximants; Author-Supplied Keyword: inelastic X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: inelastic X-ray scattering.; Author-Supplied Keyword: lattice dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasicrystals; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00150190490462937
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Kukkadapu, Ravi K.
AU  - Gassman, Paul L.
AU  - Dohnalkova, Alice
AU  - Fredrickson, Jim K.
AU  - Anderson, Todd
T1  - Biogeochemical transformation of Fe minerals in a petroleum-contaminated aquifer
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1791
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The Bemidji aquifer in Minnesota, USA is a well-studied site of subsurface petroleum contamination. The site contains an anoxic groundwater plume where soluble petroleum constituents serve as an energy source for a region of methanogenesis near the source and bacterial Fe(III) reduction further down gradient. Methanogenesis apparently begins when bioavailable Fe(III) is exhausted within the sediment. Past studies indicate that Geobacter species and Geothrix fermentens-like organisms are the primary dissimilatory Fe-reducing bacteria at this site. The Fe mineralogy of the pristine aquifer sediments and samples from the methanogenic (source) and Fe(III) reducing zones were characterized in this study to identify microbiologic changes to Fe valence and mineral distribution, and to identify whether new biogenic mineral phases had formed. Methods applied included X-ray diffraction; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); and chemical extraction; optical, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy; and Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy.All of the sediments were low in total Fe content (&ap; 1%) and exhibited complex Fe-mineralogy. The bulk pristine sediment and its sand, silt, and clay-sized fractions were studied in detail. The pristine sediments contained Fe(II) and Fe(III) mineral phases. Ferrous iron represented approximately 50% of FeTOT. The relative Fe(II) concentration increased in the sand fraction, and its primary mineralogic residence was clinochlore with minor concentrations found as a ferroan calcite grain cement in carbonate lithic fragments. Fe(III) existed in silicates (epidote, clinochlore, muscovite) and Fe(III) oxides of detrital and authigenic origin. The detrital Fe(III) oxides included hematite and goethite in the form of mm-sized nodular concretions and smaller-sized dispersed crystallites, and euhedral magnetite grains. Authigenic Fe(III) oxides increased in concentration with decreasing particle size through the silt and clay fraction. Chemical extraction and Mo¨ssbauer analysis indicated that this was a ferrihydrite like-phase. Quantitative mineralogic and Fe(II/III) ratio comparisons between the pristine and contaminated sediments were not possible because of textural differences. However, comparisons between the texturally-similar source (where bioavailable Fe(III) had been exhausted) and Fe(III) reducing zone sediments (where bioavailable Fe(III) remained) indicated that dispersed detrital, crystalline Fe(III) oxides and a portion of the authigenic, poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide fraction had been depleted from the source zone sediment by microbiologic activity. Little or no effect of microbiologic activity was observed on silicate Fe(III). The presence of residual “ferrihydrite” in the most bioreduced, anoxic plume sediment (source) implied that a portion of the authigenic Fe(III) oxides were biologically inaccessible in weathered, lithic fragment interiors. Little evidence was found for the modern biogenesis of authigenic ferrous-containing mineral phases, perhaps with the exception of thin siderite or ferroan calcite surface precipitates on carbonate lithic fragments within source zone sediments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles
KW  - MINNESOTA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12776013; Zachara, John M. 1; Email Address: john.zachara@pnl.gov Kukkadapu, Ravi K. 1 Gassman, Paul L. 1 Dohnalkova, Alice 1 Fredrickson, Jim K. 1 Anderson, Todd 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-96, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 68 Issue 8, p1791; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles; Subject Term: MINNESOTA; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.09.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brent D. Newman
AU  - Bradford P. Wilcox
AU  - Robert C. Graham
T1  - Snowmelt-driven macropore flow and soil saturation in a semiarid forest.
JO  - Hydrological Processes
JF  - Hydrological Processes
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1035
EP  - 1042
SN  - 08856087
AB  - Lateral subsurface flow is generally assumed to occur as a result of the development of a saturated zone above a low-permeability interface such as at the soil–bedrock contact, and it is often augmented by macropore flow. Our objective was to evaluate the development of lateral subsurface flow and soil saturation at a semiarid ponderosa pine forest in New Mexico with respect to the conceptual model of saturation building above the soil–bedrock contact. At this site, we have long-term observations of the water budget components, including lateral flow. A 1·5 m deep by 7 m long trench was constructed to observe lateral subsurface flow and development of saturation directly. Our observations are based on flow resulting from a melting snowdrift. The edge of the drift was about 7 m upslope from the trench. Lateral subsurface flow only occurred from root macropores in the Bt soil horizon. Saturation developed and grew outward from flowing root macropores, rather than growing upward from the soil–bedrock interface. This macropore-centred saturation resulted in a highly heterogeneous distribution of water content until enough macropores began flowing and individual macropore saturated zones grew large enough to coalesce and saturate large volumes of the soil. Our observations are based on one snowmelt event and a relatively short hillslope flow path, and thus do not represent a full range of hydrologic conditions. Nevertheless, the observed behaviour did not conform to the traditional model of soil–bedrock control of saturation and lateral flow. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Hydrological Processes is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Weights & measures
KW  - Volume (Cubic content)
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Volumetric analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 18523116; Brent D. Newman 1; Bradford P. Wilcox 2; Robert C. Graham 3; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; 2: Rangeland Ecology and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; 3: Soil and Water Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p1035; Thesaurus Term: Weights & measures; Subject Term: Volume (Cubic content); Subject Term: Measurement; Subject Term: Volumetric analysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hache, John J.
AU  - Futrell, Jean H.
AU  - Laskin, Julia
T1  - Relative proton affinities from kinetic energy release distributions for dissociation of proton-bound dimers: 2. Diamines as a test case
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 233
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Dissociation of proton-bound dimers containing diamines is often characterized by a substantial entropy difference between the two competing reaction channels. Kinetic energy release distributions (KERDs) upon dissociation of diamine-containing dimers are utilized along with Finite Heat Bath theory analysis to obtain relative proton affinities of monomeric species composing the dimer. When dissociation of a proton-bound dimer is not associated with reverse activation barrier our method provides reliable relative energetics and dynamics. Results are reported for 1,3-propanediamine–diisopropylamine, and 1,4-butanediamine–triethylamine dimers, for which the dynamics approach provided accurate values of relative proton affinities and relative reaction entropies. We also show two examples, for which a substantial reverse activation barrier is found using KER measurements. These examples point to potential problems with utilizing aromatic reference bases in combination with bidentate molecules for thermochemical determinations using the kinetic method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOPPING power (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CHEMICAL affinity
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - Diamine
KW  - Dissociation
KW  - Dynamics approach
KW  - Kinetic energy release distribution (KERD)
KW  - Kinetic method
KW  - Proton-bound dimer
KW  - Reaction entropy
KW  - Relative energies
N1  - Accession Number: 12899423; Hache, John J. 1 Futrell, Jean H. 1 Laskin, Julia; Email Address: Julia.Laskin@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Directorate, P.O. Box 999 (K8-88), Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 233 Issue 1-3, p223; Subject Term: STOPPING power (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CHEMICAL affinity; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: DIMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamics approach; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic energy release distribution (KERD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton-bound dimer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relative energies; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijms.2003.12.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Weber, W. J.
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Wang, C. M.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Hallén, A.
T1  - Effects of implantation temperature on damage accumulation in Al-implanted 4H–SiC.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4012
EP  - 4018
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Damage accumulation in 4H–SiC under 1.1 MeV Al22+ irradiation is investigated as a function of dose at temperatures from 150 to 450 K. Based on Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and nuclear reaction analysis channeling spectra, the damage accumulation on both the Si and C sublattices have been determined, and a disorder accumulation model has been fit to the data. The model fits indicate that defect-stimulated amorphization is the primary amorphization mechanism in SiC over the temperature range investigated. The temperature dependence of the cross section for defect-stimulated amorphization and the critical dose for amorphization indicate that two different dynamic recovery processes are present, which are attributed to short-range recombination and long-range migration of point defects below and above room temperature, respectively. As the irradiation temperature approaches the critical temperature for amorphization, cluster formation has an increasing effect on disorder accumulation, and ion flux plays an important role on the nature and evolution of disorder. Dislocation loops, which are mostly formed under high ion flux, act as sinks for point defects, thereby reducing the disorder accumulation rate. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - CHANNELING (Physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12687851; Zhang, Y. 1; Email Address: yanwen.zhang@pnI.gov Weber, W. J. 1 Jiang, W. 1 Wang, C. M. 1 Shutthanandan, V. 1 Hallén, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: Department of Microelectronics and IT, Royal Institute of Technology, Electrum 229, SE- 164 40 Stockholm, Sweden.; Source Info: 4/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 8, p4012; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: CHANNELING (Physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1666974
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stewart, E. J.
AU  - Carroll, M. S.
AU  - Sturm, J. C.
T1  - Boron segregation and electrical properties in polycrystalline Si1-x-yGexCy and Si1-yCy alloys.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4029
EP  - 4035
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - In this article, we report strong boron segregation to polycrystalline Si1-x-yGexCy from polysilicon during thermal anneals in the temperature range of 800–900 °C. This effect is larger than previous reports of segregation to single-crystal Si1-xGex and increases with carbon concentration. Segregation also occurs in polycrystalline Si1-yCy, revealing that carbon by itself can drive the segregation (without germanium present). This segregation is used to model the enhanced threshold voltage stability of p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors with boron-doped polycrystalline Si1-x-yGexCy gates. We also study the electrical properties of polycrystalline Si1-x-yGexCy. For low carbon concentrations (0.4%), polycrystalline Si1-x-yGexCy has a similar level of dopant activation and mobility as polycrystalline Si1-xGex; increasing the concentration to 1.6% results in significant losses in both. Annealing the films for time scales similar to those needed for segregation causes no degradation of the electrical properties, indicating that electrically inactive defects are not driving the segregation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - BORON
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 12687848; Stewart, E. J. 1; Email Address: Eric.J.Stewart@nge.com Carroll, M. S. 2 Sturm, J. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Northrop Grumman Electronic Systenm, Baltimore.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM.  3: Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544.; Source Info: 4/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 8, p4029; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1649452
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vogler, T. J.
AU  - Reinhart, W. D.
AU  - Chhabildas, L. C.
T1  - Dynamic behavior of boron carbide.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4173
EP  - 4183
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Boron carbide displays a rich response to dynamic compression that is not well understood. To address poorly understood aspects of behavior, including dynamic strength and the possibility of phase transformations, a series of plate impact experiments was performed that also included reshock and release configurations. Hugoniot data were obtained from the elastic limit (15–18 GPa) to 70 GPa and were found to agree reasonably well with the somewhat limited data in the literature. Using the Hugoniot data, as well as the reshock and release data, the possibility of the existence of one or more phase transitions was examined. There is tantalizing evidence, but at this time no phase transition can be conclusively demonstrated. However, the experimental data are consistent with a phase transition at a shock stress of about 40 GPa, though the volume change associated with it would have to be small. The reshock and release experiments also provide estimates of the shear stress and strength in the shocked state as well as a dynamic mean stress curve for the material. The material supports only a small shear stress in the shocked (Hugoniot) state, but it can support a much larger shear stress when loaded or unloaded from the shocked state. This strength in the shocked state is initially lower than the strength at the elastic limit but increases with pressure to about the same level. Also, the dynamic mean–stress curve estimated from reshock and release differs significantly from the hydrostate constructed from low-pressure data. Finally, a spatially resolved interferometer was used to directly measure spatial variations in particle velocity during the shock event. These spatially resolved measurements are consistent with previous work and suggest a nonuniform failure mode occurring in the material. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry)
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - OPTICAL industry
N1  - Accession Number: 12687828; Vogler, T. J. 1; Email Address: tjvogle@sandia.gov Reinhart, W. D. 1 Chhabildas, L. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Solid Dynamics and Energetic Materials, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1181, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 4/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 8, p4173; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry); Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1686902
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hurricane, O. A.
T1  - Optimized minimal inductance transmission line configuration for Z-pinch experiments.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4503
EP  - 4505
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Successful dynamic Z-pinch experiments generally require good current delivery to the target load. Power flow losses through highly inductive transmission line configurations reduce the current available to the load. In this brief article, a variational calculus technique is used to determine the transmission line configuration that produces the least possible inductance and therefore the best possible current delivery for Z-pinch experiments. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC lines
KW  - CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry)
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - ELECTRIC power distribution
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 12687776; Hurricane, O. A. 1; Email Address: hurricanc1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: 4/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 8, p4503; Subject Term: ELECTRIC lines; Subject Term: CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry); Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power distribution; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687986
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Dupuis, Michel
T1  - Reorganization energy associated with small polaron mobility in iron oxide.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 7050
EP  - 7054
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The reorganization energy is an important quantity controlling electron transfer rates. The internal contribution arising from the energy to reorganize donor/acceptor bonds can be evaluated by the “direct” and “4-point” methods. We examine how spatial separation leading to the noninteracting character of the donor and acceptor affects the reorganization energy. We show that the direct method captures contributions from interaction of the donor and acceptor while the 4-point method does not, and the two methods converge at large separation. Comparing reorganization energies determined by the two methods yields a measure of the degree of interaction between the initial and final states. The analysis is illustrated in the characterization of small polarons in iron oxides. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARONS
KW  - IRON oxides
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - CHARGE exchange
N1  - Accession Number: 12687744; Rosso, Kevin M. 1 Dupuis, Michel 1; Email Address: michel.dupuis@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K8-96, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 4/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 15, p7050; Subject Term: POLARONS; Subject Term: IRON oxides; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1676117
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12687744&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gee, Richard H.
AU  - Roszak, Szczepan
AU  - Balasubramanian, Krishnan
AU  - Fried, Laurence E.
T1  - Ab initio based force field and molecular dynamics simulations of crystalline TATB.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 7059
EP  - 7066
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - An all-atom force field for 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) is presented. The classical intermolecular interaction potential for TATB is based on single-point energies determined from high-level ab initio calculations of TATB dimers. The newly developed potential function is used to examine bulk crystalline TATB via molecular dynamics simulations. The isobaric thermal expansion and isothermal compression under hydrostatic pressures obtained from the molecular dynamics simulations are in good agreement with experiment. The calculated volume-temperature expansion is almost one dimensional along the c crystallographic axis, whereas under compression, all three unit cell axes participate, albeit unequally. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS -- Thermal properties
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - INTERMOLECULAR forces
N1  - Accession Number: 12687742; Gee, Richard H. 1; Email Address: gee10@llnl.gov Roszak, Szczepan 1,2 Balasubramanian, Krishnan 1,3,4 Fried, Laurence E. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland  3: Department of Applied Science, University of California—Davis, Livermore, California 94550  4: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Califrnia 94720; Source Info: 4/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 15, p7059; Subject Term: CRYSTALS -- Thermal properties; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: INTERMOLECULAR forces; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1676120
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, Na
AU  - Shen, Yuen-Ron
T1  - Sum frequency vibrational spectroscopy of leucine molecules adsorbed at air–water interface.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 7107
EP  - 7112
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Sum frequency vibrational spectroscopy was used to study adsorption of leucine molecules at air–water interface from solutions with different concentrations and pH values. The surface density and the orientation of the isopropyl head group of the adsorbed leucine molecules could be deduced from the measurements. It was found that the orientation depends on the surface density, but only weakly on bulk pH value at the saturated surface density. The vibrational spectra of the interfacial water molecules appeared to be strongly affected by the charge state of the adsorbed leucine molecules. Enhancement and inversion of polar orientation of interfacial water molecules by surface charges or field controllable by the bulk pH value were observed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - LEUCINE
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
N1  - Accession Number: 12687736; Ji, Na 1 Shen, Yuen-Ron 1; Email Address: shenyr@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 4/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 15, p7107; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: LEUCINE; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1669375
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12687736&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chalmers, Michael J.
AU  - Kolch, Walter
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Mischak, Harald
T1  - Identification and analysis of phosphopeptides
JO  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 803
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 15700232
AB  - Reversible phosphorylation of serine, threonine and tyrosine residues in proteins is one of the key events in signal transduction. To understand the process of signal transduction on a molecular level, it is imperative to identify phosphorylation sites in proteins. In this review, we offer an overview of the different methods/technologies currently available to identify protein phosphorylation sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SERINE
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GENETIC transduction
KW  - MICROBIAL genetics
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - Phosphopeptides
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Post-translational modification
KW  - Reviews
N1  - Accession Number: 12500413; Chalmers, Michael J. 1 Kolch, Walter 2 Emmett, Mark R. 1 Marshall, Alan G. 1 Mischak, Harald 3; Email Address: mischak@mosaiques-diagnostics.com; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310-3706, USA  2: The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK  3: Mosaiques Diagniostics and Therapeutics AG, Feodor-Lynen Str. 5, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 803 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: SERINE; Subject Term: TYROSINE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: GENETIC transduction; Subject Term: MICROBIAL genetics; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphopeptides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphorylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Post-translational modification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reviews; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.09.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12500413&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palmblad, Magnus
AU  - Ramström, Margareta
AU  - Bailey, Christopher G.
AU  - McCutchen-Maloney, Sandra L.
AU  - Bergquist, Jonas
AU  - Zeller, Loreen C.
T1  - Protein identification by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry using retention time prediction
JO  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
JF  - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 803
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
SN  - 15700232
AB  - Liquid chromatography has been coupled with mass spectrometry to improve the dynamic range and to reduce the complexity of sample introduced to the mass spectrometer at any given time. The chromatographic separation also provides information on the analytes, such as peptides in enzymatic digests of proteins; information that can be used when identifying the proteins by peptide mass fingerprinting. This paper discusses a recently introduced method based on retention time prediction to extract information from chromatographic separations and the applications of this method to protein identification in organisms with small and large genomes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Protein identification
KW  - Retention time prediction
N1  - Accession Number: 12500415; Palmblad, Magnus 1,2; Email Address: palmblad1@llnl.gov Ramström, Margareta 1,3 Bailey, Christopher G. 4 McCutchen-Maloney, Sandra L. 5 Bergquist, Jonas 3 Zeller, Loreen C. 4; Affiliation:  1: The Ångström Laboratory, Division of Ion Physics, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA  3: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden  4: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA  5: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 803 Issue 1, p131; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Retention time prediction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.11.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12500415&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Wenjian
AU  - Jin, Chunyang
AU  - Derzon, Dora K.
AU  - Huber, Tina A.
AU  - Last, Julie A.
AU  - Provencio, Paula P.
AU  - Gopalan, Aravamudan S.
AU  - Dugger, Michael
AU  - Sasaki, Darryl Y.
T1  - Synthesis of ether-linked fluorocarbon surfactants and their aggregational properties in organic solvents
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 272
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 457
SN  - 00219797
AB  - A series of single- and double-tailed hydrocarbon–fluorocarbon (HF) surfactants were prepared to evaluate the effect of molecular structure on aggregate formation in organic solvents. The molecules were designed with ether linkages to permit facile syntheses of both sets of molecules. Solvent foaming studies were used to rapidly assess the surface-active properties of the surfactants, while dynamic light scattering provided quantitative critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and hydrodynamic radius (<f>Rh</f>) measurements of the aggregates in solution. The single-tailed surfactants did not produce any foaming action in a number of hydrocarbon solvents, nor was any micellar formation observed up to 100 mM concentrations. Double-tailed surfactants, on the other hand, gave low CMC values in dodecane but with <f>Rh</f> values that indicated a tight micelle structure. Bilayer formation was expected but not observed for these molecules, which is believed to be due to their unusual structural geometry, imparted by the glycerol backbone. No thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) behavior was observed for any of the single- or double-tailed molecules. These data contrast with the known behavior of perfluorinated alkanes and other fluorinated surfactants, suggesting that the ether linkage plays an important role in the self-organizing behavior of these molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUOROCARBONS
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - ORGANIC solvents
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - Fluorocarbon
KW  - Foaming
KW  - Light scattering
KW  - Micelle
KW  - Molecular structure
KW  - Self-assembly
KW  - Surfactant
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 12504273; Huang, Wenjian 1 Jin, Chunyang 1 Derzon, Dora K. 2 Huber, Tina A. 2 Last, Julie A. 2 Provencio, Paula P. 2 Gopalan, Aravamudan S. 1 Dugger, Michael 2 Sasaki, Darryl Y. 2; Email Address: dysasak@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1413, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 272 Issue 2, p457; Subject Term: FLUOROCARBONS; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: ORGANIC solvents; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foaming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micelle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.11.038
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12504273&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeTeresa, Steven J.
AU  - Freeman, Dennis C.
AU  - Groves, Scott E.
T1  - The Effects of Through-thickness Compression on the Interlaminar Shear Response of Laminated Fiber Composites.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 697
SN  - 00219983
AB  - The effects of through-thickness compression on the interlaminar shear response of laminated fiber composites were studied. The combined stresses were generated using a hollow cylindrical specimen that was subjected to axial compression and torsion. For both glass- and carbon-fiber composites, through-thickness compression resulted in a significant enhancement in the interlaminar  shear stress and strain at failure. Under moderate compression levels, the failure mode changed from elastic to plastic. An attempt was made to predict the observed increase in shear strength for carbon fiber-epoxy laminates using three-dimensional lamina failure criteria. Although all the failure theories correctly  predicted the trend of increasing shear strength with compression, none were able to predict the full extent of the observed strength increase. These results indicate that improved models are needed for determining failure under a combined state of interlaminar stress. The experimental results demonstrate that there are significant gains to be made in improving interlaminar strengths of composite structures by applying through-thickness compression. This effect could be exploited for improved strength and possibly improved fatigue life of composite joints and other regions in structures where interlaminar stress states are critical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - LAMINATED materials
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - GLASS fibers
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - combined stresses
KW  - failure
KW  - interlaminar shear
KW  - through-thickness compression
N1  - Accession Number: 13615334; DeTeresa, Steven J. 1; Email Address: deteresa1@llnl.gov Freeman, Dennis C. 1 Groves, Scott E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory University of California 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p681; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: LAMINATED materials; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: GLASS fibers; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: combined stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: failure; Author-Supplied Keyword: interlaminar shear; Author-Supplied Keyword: through-thickness compression; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313210 Broadwoven Fabric Mills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326193 Motor vehicle plastic parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327993 Mineral Wool Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304042401
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13615334&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zudans, Imants
AU  - Paddock, Jean R.
AU  - Kuramitz, Hideki
AU  - Maghasi, Anne T.
AU  - Wansapura, Chamika M.
AU  - Conklin, Sean D.
AU  - Kaval, Necati
AU  - Shtoyko, Tanya
AU  - Monk, David J.
AU  - Bryan, Samuel A.
AU  - Hubler, Timothy L.
AU  - Richardson, John N.
AU  - Seliskar, Carl J.
AU  - Heineman, William R.
T1  - Electrochemical and optical evaluation of noble metal– and carbon–ITO hybrid optically transparent electrodes
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 565
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
SN  - 15726657
AB  - Optically transparent hybrid electrodes were constructed by sputtering or thermally evaporating layers of varying thickness of Au, Pd, Pt, or C onto an existing conductive indium–tin oxide (ITO) layer on glass. These electrodes were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry; redox probes examined were potassium ferricyanide, tris-(2,2<f>′</f>-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride, hydroquinone, and para-aminophenol (PAP). Each type of hybrid was evaluated and compared with other hybrids, as well as with bare ITO electrodes and commercially available Au, Pt, and glassy carbon disk electrodes. Our results indicate that these hybrid electrodes are reasonably robust, easy to prepare, and extend the capabilities of bare ITO surfaces with respect to the electrochemical response (especially for organic redox probes), while giving up little in the way of optical transparency. Because of these characteristics, hybrid electrodes should be especially suited to many spectroelectrochemical applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - PRECIOUS metals
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Absorbance
KW  - Cyclic voltammetry
KW  - Metal films
KW  - Optically transparent electrodes
KW  - Spectroelectrochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12642159; Zudans, Imants 1 Paddock, Jean R. 1 Kuramitz, Hideki 1 Maghasi, Anne T. 1 Wansapura, Chamika M. 1 Conklin, Sean D. 1 Kaval, Necati 1 Shtoyko, Tanya 1 Monk, David J. 1 Bryan, Samuel A. 2 Hubler, Timothy L. 2 Richardson, John N. 3 Seliskar, Carl J. 1; Email Address: Carl.Seliskar@UC.edu Heineman, William R. 1; Email Address: William.Heineman@uc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Radiochemical Processing Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS P7-25, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Shippensburg University, 1871 Old Main Drive, Shippensburg, PA 17257, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 565 Issue 2, p311; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: PRECIOUS metals; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic voltammetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optically transparent electrodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroelectrochemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212221 Gold Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212220 Gold and silver ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jelechem.2003.10.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tandon, S.
AU  - Beleggia, M.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - De Graef, M.
T1  - On the computation of the demagnetization tensor for uniformly magnetized particles of arbitrary shape. Part I: Analytical approach
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 271
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 03048853
AB  - A Fourier space formalism based on the shape amplitude of a particle is used to compute the demagnetization tensor field for uniformly magnetized particles of arbitrary shape. We provide a list of explicit shape amplitudes for important particle shapes, among others: the sphere, the cylindrical tube, an arbitrary polyhedral shape, a truncated paraboloid, and a cone truncated by a spherical cap. In Part I of this two-part paper, an analytical representation of the demagnetization tensor field for particles with cylindrical symmetry is provided, as well as expressions for the magnetostatic energy and the volumetric demagnetization factors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - PARABOLOID
KW  - POLYHEDRAL functions
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - Demagnetization energy
KW  - Demagnetization tensor field
KW  - Magnetometric demagnetization tensor
KW  - Shape amplitude
N1  - Accession Number: 12442706; Tandon, S. 1 Beleggia, M. 2 Zhu, Y. 2 De Graef, M. 1; Email Address: degraef@cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 271 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: PARABOLOID; Subject Term: POLYHEDRAL functions; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Demagnetization energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Demagnetization tensor field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetometric demagnetization tensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape amplitude; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.09.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tandon, S.
AU  - Beleggia, M.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - De Graef, M.
T1  - On the computation of the demagnetization tensor for uniformly magnetized particles of arbitrary shape. Part II: numerical approach
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 271
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
SN  - 03048853
AB  - In Part I, we described an analytical approach to the computation of the demagnetization tensor field for a uniformly magnetized particle with an arbitrary shape. In this paper, Part II, we introduce two methods for the numerical computation of the demagnetization tensor field. One method uses a Fourier space representation of the particle shape, the other starts from the real space representation. The accuracy of the methods is compared to theoretical results for the demagnetization tensor of the uniformly magnetized cylinder with arbitrary aspect ratio. Example computations are presented for the hexagonal plate, the truncated paraboloid, and a so-called “Pac-Man” shape, recently designed for MRAM applications. Finally, the magnetostatic self-energy of a uniformly magnetized regular polygonal disk of arbitrary order is analyzed. A linear relation is found between the order of the polygon and the critical aspect ratio for in-plane vs. axial magnetization states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - PARABOLOID
KW  - Demagnetization energy
KW  - Demagnetization tensor field
KW  - Numerical algorithm
KW  - Polygonal disk
KW  - Shape amplitude
N1  - Accession Number: 12442707; Tandon, S. 1 Beleggia, M. 2 Zhu, Y. 2 De Graef, M. 1; Email Address: degraef@cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 271 Issue 1, p27; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Subject Term: PARABOLOID; Author-Supplied Keyword: Demagnetization energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Demagnetization tensor field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polygonal disk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape amplitude; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.09.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harland, C.L.
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Ma, B.-M.
T1  - Exchange coupling and recoil loop area in Nd2Fe14B nanocrystalline alloys
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 271
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The recoil behavior of nanocrystalline materials based on Nd2Fe14B has been investigated in melt-spun alloys with the stoichiometric composition Nd2Fe14B and in the nanocomposite Nd9Fe86B5. The onset of recoil hysteresis, or attainment of appreciable area of the recoil loop, was determined and followed as a function of the reverse applied magnetic field. Its behavior was correlated with that of two other independent parameters: the reversible portion of the recoil susceptibility and the recoil remanence, which both provide information on the ease of remagnetization of the materials. The simultaneous appearance of extrema in a restricted internal field range in all three parameters strongly suggests that the area of the recoil loops in these materials may be taken as a measure of the extent of the intergranular exchange. The temperature dependence of the results provides information about the thermal evolution of the interphase exchange coupling; this information is not evident in major loop measurements. Preliminary results indicate that the off-stoichiometric Nd9Fe86B5 maintains a higher degree of interphase exchange coupling but only at low reverse fields; the stoichiometric Nd2Fe14B maintains a lower degree of magnetic reversibility but sustains it to higher reverse fields. Comparison of the results obtained from different forms of the Nd2Fe14B-based nanocrystalline alloys highlights the origins of the differences in their technical magnetic behavior and suggests structural modification pathways to improve their properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - Exchange coupling
KW  - Exchange spring
KW  - Permanent magnets
KW  - Recoil hysteresis
N1  - Accession Number: 12442710; Harland, C.L. 1 Lewis, L.H. 1; Email Address: lhlewis@bnl.gov Chen, Z. 2 Ma, B.-M.; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 480, Upton, NY 119735000, USA  2: Magnequench Technology Center, Research Triangle Park, North California, NC, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 271 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange spring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permanent magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recoil hysteresis; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.09.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitzsimmons, M.R.
AU  - Bader, S.D.
AU  - Borchers, J.A.
AU  - Felcher, G.P.
AU  - Furdyna, J.K.
AU  - Hoffmann, A.
AU  - Kortright, J.B.
AU  - Schuller, Ivan K.
AU  - Schulthess, T.C.
AU  - Sinha, S.K.
AU  - Toney, M.F.
AU  - Weller, D.
AU  - Wolf, S.
T1  - Neutron scattering studies of nanomagnetism and artificially structured materials
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 271
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Nanostructured magnetic materials are intensively investigated due to their unusual properties and promise for possible applications. The key issue for these materials is to understand the limits between their physical properties (transport, magnetism, mechanical, etc.) and their chemical–physical structure. In principle, a detailed knowledge of the chemical and physical structures allows calculation of their physical properties. Theoretical and computational methods are rapidly evolving so that magnetic properties of nanostructured materials might soon be predicted. Success in this endeavor requires detailed quantitative understanding of magnetic structure at the microscopic level. Neutron scattering is a well-developed technique that can determine magnetic structure at the atomic length scale in samples of ever diminishing size. This has opened up the use of neutron scattering to nanostructured materials prepared by thin film and lithographic techniques. Many interesting and unexpected results have emerged from the application of elastic neutron scattering to nanostructured magnetic thin films such as superlattices and multilayers. These include, distinguishing between magnetic and chemical boundaries, observing the spatial dependence of the magnetization vector in nonuniform materials, unusual coupling mechanisms across nonmagnetic materials, unexpected magnetic phase diagrams, etc. Extension of elastic neutron scattering to nanostructured arrays and three-dimensional magnetic composites will allow future determination of magnetic structure with unprecedented resolution. In this review, we discuss the impact of neutron scattering to the study of magnetic nanostructures, i.e., magnetic materials that are artificially structured at nanometer length scales, such as magnetic thin films, multilayers and nanodot arrays. The basic interactions and different length scales relevant to these systems as well as the basic issues and phenomena of interest are briefly reviewed. We discuss examples where the techniques of magnetic neutron diffraction, small-angle scattering, reflectometry, grazing incidence diffraction and diffuse scattering have helped to elucidate some of these phenomena. We also discuss potentially fruitful future applications of such techniques to the field of nanomagnetism. Furthermore, we argue that the development of inelastic neutron scattering techniques useful for the study of small volumes of material would raise neutron scattering to a much higher level of applicability for nanostructured magnetic materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - MAGNETIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12442716; Fitzsimmons, M.R. 1; Email Address: fitz@lanl.gov Bader, S.D. 2 Borchers, J.A. 3 Felcher, G.P. 2 Furdyna, J.K. 4 Hoffmann, A. 2 Kortright, J.B. 5 Schuller, Ivan K. 6 Schulthess, T.C. 7 Sinha, S.K. 1,6 Toney, M.F. 8 Weller, D. 9 Wolf, S. 10; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  4: University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, ID 46556, USA  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  7: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  8: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  9: Seagate Technology, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA  10: University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 271 Issue 1, p103; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: MAGNETIC structure; Number of Pages: 44p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.09.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lente, Gábor
AU  - Espenson, James H.
T1  - Photoreduction of 2,6-dichloroquinone in aqueous solution: Use of a diode array spectrophotometer concurrently to drive and detect a photochemical reaction
JO  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 163
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
SN  - 10106030
AB  - The aqueous photoreaction of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone produces 2,6-dichlorohydroquinone, 2,6-dichloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone and dioxygen. This reaction was used to demonstrate that a commercial diode-array spectrophotometer is a useful tool for the study of photochemical reactions. The white light going through the sample cell concurrently drives and detects photoreactions. It is shown how quantum yields can be determined. A method for interpreting the full time course of the photoreaction is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIODES
KW  - SPECTROPHOTOMETERS
KW  - QUINONE
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Diode-array spectrophotometer
KW  - Photoreactions
KW  - Quinones
N1  - Accession Number: 12378365; Lente, Gábor 1; Email Address: lenteg@delfin.klte.hu Espenson, James H. 2; Email Address: espenson@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 163 Issue 1/2, p249; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: SPECTROPHOTOMETERS; Subject Term: QUINONE; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diode-array spectrophotometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoreactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quinones; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2003.12.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu
AU  - Y.
AU  - Mundy
AU  - C. J.
AU  - Colvin
AU  - M. E.
AU  - Car
AU  - R.
T1  - On the Mechanisms of OH Radical Induced DNA-Base Damage:  A Comparative Quantum Chemical and Car-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics Study.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2922
EP  - 2929
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Understanding the basic chemistry of the interaction of radicals with DNA bases is imperative when trying to predict the potential effects of radiation on DNA. Experimental evidence points to guanine as having the highest affinity of all the DNA bases for undergoing damage. However, radiation-induced damage to other bases may also have important health effects, and therefore the reactions of other DNA bases are also of interest. To this end, numerous studies have been performed on thymine to elucidate its role in the initial phases of DNA damage. To date, the theoretical studies on this topic have only dealt with reaction energetics in the gas phase or within a continuum solvent model. We present a detailed Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics study of DNA bases in explicit water interacting with an OH radical. Our findings indicate that the specific mechanisms of the initial phase of DNA damage are different in thymine and guanine, which is consistent with experiment-based conjectures on this subject. We also compare the effects of different exchange and correlation functionals on the proposed reaction energetics as well as a comparison with traditional quantum chemistry methods. Our deduced mechanisms are consistent with the experimentally observed products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - DNA damage
N1  - Accession Number: 16432880; Wu Y. 1 Mundy C. J. 1 Colvin M. E. 1 Car R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, Computational Chemical Biology, Chemistry and Materials Science L-091 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, and Schools of Natural Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, Calfornia 95344; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 15, p2922; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: DNA damage; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Venkataraman
AU  - C.
AU  - Miller
AU  - W. H.
T1  - The Quantum Instanton (QI) Model for Chemical Reaction Rates:  The “Simplest” QI with One Dividing Surface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3035
EP  - 3039
SN  - 10895639
AB  - A new version of the quantum instanton (QI) approach to thermal rate constants of chemical reactions (Miller, W. H.; Zhao, Y.; Ceotto, M.; Yang, S. J. Chem. Phys. 2003, 119, 1329) is presented, namely, the simplest QI (SQI) approximation with one dividing surface (DS), referred to here as SQI1. (The SQI approximation presented originally was applicable only with two DSs.) As with all versions of the QI approach, the rate is expressed wholly in terms of the (quantum) Boltzmann operator (which, for complex systems, can be evaluated by Monte Carlo path integral methods). Test calculations on some simple model problems show the SQI1 model to be slightly less accurate than the original version of the QI approach, but it is the easiest version to implement; it requires only a constrained free-energy calculation, location of the (transition-state) DS so as to maximize this free energy, and the curvature (second derivative) of the free energy at this maximum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - CURVES
N1  - Accession Number: 16432897; Venkataraman C. 1 Miller W. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 15, p3035; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: CURVES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liang
AU  - W.-Z.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
T1  - Approaching the Basis Set Limit in Density Functional Theory Calculations Using Dual Basis Sets without Diagonalization.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3206
EP  - 3210
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Dual basis sets are employed as an economical way to approximate self-consistent field (SCF) calculations, such as Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT), in large basis sets. First, an SCF calculation is performed in a small subset of the full set of basis functions. The density matrix in this small basis is used to construct the effective Hamiltonian operator in the large basis, from which a correction for basis set extension is obtained for the energy. This correction is equivalent to a single Roothaan step (diagonalization) in the large basis. We present second order nonlinear equations that permit this step to be obtained without explicit diagonalization. Numerical tests on part of the Gaussian-2 dataset, using the B3LYP density functional, show that large-basis results can be accurately approximated with this procedure, subject to some limitations on the smallness of the small basis. Computational savings are approximately an order of magnitude relative to a self-consistent DFT calculation in the large basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 16432919; Liang W.-Z. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 15, p3206; Subject Term: BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amine, K.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Kang, S.
AU  - Belharouak, I.
AU  - Hyung, Y.
AU  - Vissers, D.
AU  - Henriksen, G.
T1  - Improved lithium manganese oxide spinel/graphite Li-ion cells for high-power applications
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 129
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The degradation mechanism of lithium manganese oxide spinel/graphite Li-ion cells using LiPF6-based electrolyte was investigated by a Mn-dissolution approach during high-temperature storage, and by ac impedance measurement using a reference electrode-equipped cell. Through these studies, we confirmed that Mn ions were dissolved from the spinel cathode in the electrolyte and were subsequently reduced on the lithiated graphite electrode surface, due to the chemical activity of the lithiated graphite, and caused a huge increase in the charge-transfer impedance at the graphite/electrolyte interface, which consequently deteriorated cell performance. To overcome the significant degradation of the spinel/graphite Li-ion cells, we investigated a new electrolyte system using lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiBoB, LiB(C2O4)2) salt not having fluorine species in its chemical structure. Superior cycling performance at elevated temperature was observed with the spinel/graphite cells using LiBoB-based electrolyte, which is attributed to the inert chemical structure of LiBoB that does not generate HF. Mn-ion leaching experiments showed that almost no Mn ions were dissolved from the spinel powder after 55 °C storage for 4 weeks. Through optimization of organic solvents for the LiBoB salt, we developed an advanced Li-ion cell chemistry that used lithium manganese oxide spinel, 0.7 M LiBoB/EC:PC:DMC (1:1:3), and graphite as the cathode, electrolyte, and anode, respectively. This cell provides excellent power characteristics, good calendar life, and improved thermal safety for hybrid electric vehicle applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Capacity fading
KW  - High-power Li-ion cell
KW  - LiBoB
KW  - Lithium manganese oxide spinel
KW  - Mn dissolution
N1  - Accession Number: 12777598; Amine, K.; Email Address: amine@cmt.anl.gov Liu, J. 1 Kang, S. 1 Belharouak, I. 1 Hyung, Y. 1 Vissers, D. 1 Henriksen, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 129 Issue 1, p14; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacity fading; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-power Li-ion cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiBoB; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium manganese oxide spinel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mn dissolution; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.11.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazzolai, G.
AU  - Biscarini, A.
AU  - Coluzzi, B.
AU  - Mazzolai, F.M.
AU  - Ross, A.R.
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
T1  - Ultrasonic investigation of the B2 ↔ B19 martensitic transition in a Ni40Ti50Cu10 alloy
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 370
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The elastic constants C′, C44 and CL of a single crystal of the Ni40Ti50Cu10 (numbers indicate at.%) alloy have been measured in the premartensitic region (320–350 K) and have been found to exhibit softening on approaching the <F>B2→B19</F> transition from high temperature. This means that these elastic constants decrease with decreasing T. The anisotropy factor <F>A=C44/C′</F> is relatively small (≅2.2) over all the temperature range and slightly increases with decreasing temperature down to the transition start-temperature Ms. Thus, its temperature coefficient ∂A/∂T has opposite sign of that exhibited by the binary Ni50.8Ti49.2 alloy prior to the <F>B2→B19′</F> transition. The present results support the view recently expressed by some authors that the <F>B2→B19′</F> transition occurring in binary Ni–Ti alloys is a consequence of concomitant lattice instabilities against <F>{1 1 0}〈1 1¯ 0〉B2</F> and <F>{0 0 1}〈 1 1¯ 0〉B2</F> shear strains respectively corresponding to the C′ and C44 ultrasonic propagation modes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARTENSITIC transformations
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - SHAPE memory alloys
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Elastic constants
KW  - Martensitic transformation
KW  - Ni–Ti–Cu
KW  - Shape memory alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 12777749; Mazzolai, G. 1; Email Address: fabio.mazzolai@fisica.unipg.it Biscarini, A. 1 Coluzzi, B. 1 Mazzolai, F.M. 1 Ross, A.R. 2 Lograsso, T.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: INFM-UDR of Perugia, Physics Department, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy  2: Metals and Ceramic Sciences, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 370 Issue 1/2, p497; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC transformations; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: SHAPE memory alloys; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic constants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensitic transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni–Ti–Cu; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape memory alloys; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abou-Hanna, Jeries
AU  - McGreevy, Timothy E.
AU  - Majumdar, Saurin
T1  - Prediction of crack coalescence of steam generator tubes in nuclear power plants
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 229
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00295493
AB  - Prediction of failure pressures of cracked steam generator tubes of nuclear power plants is an important ingredient in scheduling inspection and repair of tubes. Prediction is usually based on nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of cracks. NDE often reveals two neighboring cracks. If the cracks interact, the tube pressure under which the ligament between the two cracks fails could be much lower than the critical burst pressure of an individual equivalent crack. The ability to accurately predict the ligament failure pressure, called “coalescence pressure,” is important. The failure criterion was established by nonlinear finite element model (FEM) analyses of coalescence of two 100% through-wall collinear cracks. The ligament failure is precipitated by local instability of the ligament under plane strain conditions. As a result of this local instability, the ligament thickness in the radial direction decreases abruptly with pressure. Good correlation of FEM analysis results with experimental data obtained at Argonne National Laboratory’s Energy Technology Division demonstrated that nonlinear FEM analyses are capable of predicting the coalescence pressure accurately for 100% through-wall cracks. This failure criterion and FEA work have been extended to axial cracks of varying ligament width, crack length, and cases where cracks are offset by axial or circumferential ligaments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEAM generators
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 12815665; Abou-Hanna, Jeries 1; Email Address: jannah@bradley.edu McGreevy, Timothy E. 2 Majumdar, Saurin 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bradley University, Peoria, IL 61625, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 229 Issue 2/3, p175; Subject Term: STEAM generators; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423720 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2003.11.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12815665&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, X.
AU  - Cahalan, J.E.
AU  - Finck, P.J.
T1  - Safety analysis of an accelerator-driven test facility
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 229
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
SN  - 00295493
AB  - One of the milestones in the roadmap of accelerator-driven transmutation of waste (ATW) of the U.S. Department of Energy is the design and construction of an accelerator-driven test facility (ADTF) with a thermal power of 100 MW. Analysis of the dynamic behavior of the ADTF has been carried out in the frame of a bilateral collaboration between the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe and the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). In the present study five different system configurations with various types of fuel and different types of coolant have been taken into consideration.In the systems with sodium as coolant, the transient behavior under the unprotected loss-of-flow scenario shows the most serious safety concern. As long as the external source is switched on, loss-of-flow will lead to an overheating of coolant, cladding and fuel. Boiling of coolant, cladding failure and molten fuel injection take place just in several seconds after the coast-down of the pump. Safety measures have to be designed for switching off the proton beam.In the system with liquid lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) as coolant, the buoyancy effect is much stronger. Due to its high boiling point, coolant boiling and, subsequently, flow oscillation in fuel assemblies can be avoided. By a proper design of the heat removal system, the buoyancy-driven convection would provide a sufficiently high cooling capability of the reactor core, to keep the integrity of the fuel pins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TESTING laboratories
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - INDUSTRIAL safety
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 12815675; Cheng, X. 1; Email Address: xu.cheng@iket.fzk.de Cahalan, J.E. 2 Finck, P.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 229 Issue 2/3, p289; Subject Term: TESTING laboratories; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL safety; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2004.01.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12815675&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Naulleau, Patrick P.
AU  - Denham, Paul E.
AU  - Hoef, Brian
AU  - Rekawa, Senajith
T1  - A design study for synchrotron-based high-numerical-aperture scanning illuminators
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 234
IS  - 1-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
SN  - 00304018
AB  - Scanning illumination systems provide for a powerful and flexible means of controlling illumination coherence properties. In these systems, the desired illumination divergence is synthesized through a scanning process. This method has recently been used at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths to implement a programmable pupil fill microfield exposure system employed to lithographically characterize a 0.1-numerical aperture (NA) α-class EUV stepper optic. The specifics of the implementation used in that case, however, make it difficult to directly extend the implementation to higher NA optics. Here we present scanning illuminator configurations suitable for implementing high-NA lithography capabilities at a synchrotron beamline. In particular we consider the application to a 0.3-NA EUV optic with a design field of view of 1 × 3 mm at the object plane. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - SCANNING systems
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - Coherence
KW  - Condenser
KW  - Extreme ultraviolet
KW  - Lithography
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Synchrotron
N1  - Accession Number: 12642835; Naulleau, Patrick P.; Email Address: pnaulleau@lbl.gov Denham, Paul E. 1 Hoef, Brian 1 Rekawa, Senajith 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cycltoron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 234 Issue 1-6, p53; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condenser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extreme ultraviolet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optcom.2004.02.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12642835&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guest, A.
AU  - Schubert, G.
AU  - Gable, C.W.
T1  - Stresses along the metastable wedge of olivine in a subducting slab: possible explanation for the Tonga double seismic layer
JO  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
JF  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 141
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 00319201
AB  - A numerical calculation of the stresses associated with changes in volume during phase transitions of olivine in a descending slab results in a double layer of high shear stress along the metastable olivine wedge in the depth range 350–460 km. Stress in the upper layer is in-plane tensional and stress in the lower layer is down-dip compressional. The modeled stress field agrees with observations of stress in the Tonga double seismic zone. High shear stress also exists in the slab at depths below the metastable wedge. This stress distribution involves down-dip compression and trench-parallel tension, which agrees with about half of the focal mechanisms in the Tonga slab at depths of 460–690 km. The model supports the idea that at least two possible stress release mechanisms for deep earthquakes may act in the Tonga subducting slab. One, transformational faulting, is restricted to the metastable wedge while the other one acts below the metastable wedge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - SEISMOLOGY
KW  - Double seismic zone
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Stress
KW  - Subduction
KW  - Tonga
N1  - Accession Number: 12501856; Guest, A. 1,2; Email Address: alickaguest@yahoo.com Schubert, G. 1; Email Address: schubert@ucla.edu Gable, C.W. 3; Email Address: gable@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Space Sciences and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  2: Geophysical Institute, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic  3: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 141 Issue 4, p253; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: SEISMOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double seismic zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tonga; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pepi.2003.11.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12501856&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goedeke, S.M.
AU  - Allison, S.W.
AU  - Datskos, P.G.
T1  - Non-contact current measurement with cobalt-coated microcantilevers
JO  - Sensors & Actuators A: Physical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators A: Physical
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 32
SN  - 09244247
AB  - A magnetic field detection system that uses a cobalt-coated microcantilever as the detector element is demonstrated. Three different microcantilever geometries are investigated. This research also demonstrates a novel microcantilever readout technique using a dual fiber optical readout. The cantilever sensors are shown to detect changes in current as small as 0.1 A and the ability to measures current up to 5 mm from the sensor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators A: Physical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FIBER optics
KW  - COBALT
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - Cobalt
KW  - Current sensor
KW  - Fiber optic
KW  - MEMS
KW  - Microcantilever
N1  - Accession Number: 12897859; Goedeke, S.M.; Email Address: goedekesm@ornl.gov Allison, S.W. 1 Datskos, P.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, M.S. 6054, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p32; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FIBER optics; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiber optic; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sna.2003.12.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12897859&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aguirre, N. Muñoz
AU  - Passian, A.
AU  - Martínez Pérez, L.
AU  - López-Sandoval, E.
AU  - Vázquez-López, C.
AU  - Jiménez-Pérez, J.L.
AU  - Ferrell, T.L.
T1  - The use of the surface plasmons resonance sensor in the study of the influence of “allotropic” cells on water
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 99
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 09254005
AB  - A study of the dielectric function changes of water induced by a device known as “allotropic” cell is presented. Changes of the dielectric function in distilled water and ultrapure water were quantified, using surface plasmons resonance (SPR) on gold islands. An increment in the value of the dielectric function of “allotropized” water with respect to that of non-treated water was measured. Such increment is larger when water is heated and stirred during the treatment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
KW  - CELLS
KW  - WATER
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - “Allotropized” water
KW  - Dielectric function
KW  - SPR sensor
KW  - Water
N1  - Accession Number: 12981121; Aguirre, N. Muñoz 1,2 Passian, A. 1 Martínez Pérez, L. 3 López-Sandoval, E. 3 Vázquez-López, C. 4 Jiménez-Pérez, J.L. 3 Ferrell, T.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152, Col. Atepehuacan, México 07730, D.F., Mexico  3: CICATA-IPN, Calzada Legaria No. 694, Col Irrigación, México 11500, D.F., Mexico  4: Depto. de Física del CINVESTAV-IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, México 07000, D.F., Mexico; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 99 Issue 1, p149; Subject Term: PLASMONS (Physics); Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: “Allotropized” water; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric function; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPR sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00162-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12981121&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Um, Wooyong
AU  - Serne, R. Jeffrey
AU  - Krupka, Kenneth M.
T1  - Linearity and reversibility of iodide adsorption on sediments from Hanford, Washington under water saturated conditions
JO  - Water Research
JF  - Water Research
Y1  - 2004/04/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2009
SN  - 00431354
AB  - A series of adsorption and desorption experiments were completed to determine the linearity and reversibility of iodide adsorption onto sediment at the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington. Adsorption experiments conducted with Hanford formation sediment and groundwater spiked with dissolved 125I (as an analog tracer for 129I) indicated that iodide adsorption was very low (0.2 mL/g) at pH 7.5 and could be represented by a linear isotherm up to a total concentration of 100 mg/L dissolved iodide. The results of desorption experiments revealed that up to 60% of adsorbed iodide was readily desorbed after 14 days by iodide-free groundwater. Because iodide adsorption was considered to be partially reversible, even though small amount of initial iodide is retarded by adsorption at mineral–water interfaces, the weak adsorption affinity results in release of iodide when iodide-free pore waters and uncontaminated groundwaters contact the contaminated sediments in the vadose zone and aquifer systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Water Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Aquifers
KW  - Iodides
KW  - Washington (D.C.)
KW  - United States
KW  - Desorption
KW  - Distribution coefficient
KW  - Hanford site
KW  - Iodide
KW  - Radionuclide
N1  - Accession Number: 12852639; Um, Wooyong; Email Address: wooyong.um@pnl.gov; Serne, R. Jeffrey 1; Krupka, Kenneth M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Applied Geology and Geochemistry, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Apr2004, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p2009; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Aquifers; Subject Term: Iodides; Subject: Washington (D.C.); Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distribution coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hanford site; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iodide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radionuclide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.watres.2004.01.026
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12852639&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bochev, Pavel B.
AU  - Gunzburger, Max D.
AU  - Shadid, John N.
T1  - On inf–sup stabilized finite element methods for transient problems
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/04/16/
VL  - 193
IS  - 15/16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1471
SN  - 00457825
AB  - We consider the behavior of inf–sup stabilization in the context of transient problems with multiple time scales. Our motivation for studying this setting is provided by reacting flows problems for which small time steps are necessary in the integration process. We show that for algorithms defined through a process wherein spatial and temporal discretizations are separated, the coupling of implicit time integration with spatial inf–sup stabilization may lead to anomalous pressure behavior, including the onset of spurious oscillations, for very small time steps. Effectively, this coupling introduces a stability criterion resulting in a dependence between the spatial grid size and the time step. We illustrate our theoretical results by numerical examples that demonstrate the stability criterion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - Coercivity
KW  - Multiple time scales
KW  - Stabilized finite element methods
KW  - Time-dependent Stokes equations
KW  - Weak form
N1  - Accession Number: 12642403; Bochev, Pavel B. 1; Email Address: pbboche@sandia.gov Gunzburger, Max D. 2; Email Address: gunzburg@csit.fsu.edu Shadid, John N. 3; Email Address: jnshadi@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Mathematics and Algorithms, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110, USA  2: School of Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4120, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Sciences, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1111, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1111, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 193 Issue 15/16, p1471; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coercivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple time scales; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stabilized finite element methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-dependent Stokes equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weak form; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12642403&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Battaile, Kevin P.
AU  - Nguyen, Tien V.
AU  - Vockley, Jerry
AU  - Kim, Jung-Ja P.
T1  - Structures of Isobutyryl-CoA Dehydrogenase and Enzyme-Product Complex.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/16/
VL  - 279
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 16526
EP  - 16534
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The acyl-CoA dehydrogenases are a family of mitochondrial flavoproteins involved in the catabolism of fatty and amino acids. Isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IBD) is involved in the catabolism of valine and catalyzes the conversion of isobutyryl-CoA to methacrylyl-CoA. The crystal structure of IBD with and without substrate has been determined to 1.76-Å resolution. The asymmetric unit contains a homotetramer with substrate/product bound in two monomers. The overall structure of IBD is similar to those of previously determined acyl-CoA dehydrogenases and consists of an NH2-terminal α-helical domain, a medial β-strand domain and a C-terminal α-helical domain. The enzyme-bound ligand has been modeled in as the reaction product, methacrylyl-CoA. The location of Glu376 with respect to the C-2-C-3 of the bound product and FAD confirms Glu-376 to be the catalytic base. IBD has a shorter and wider substrate-binding cavity relative to short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, permitting the optimal binding of the isobutyryl-CoA substrate. The dramatic lateral expansion of the binding cavity seen in isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase is not observed in IBD. The conserved tyrosine or phenylalanine that defines a side of the binding cavity in other acyl-CoA dehydrogenases is replaced by a leucine (Leu-375) in the current structure. Substrate binding changes the position of some residues lining the binding pocket as well as the position of the loop containing the catalytic glutamate and subsequent helix. Three clinical mutations have been modeled to the structure. The mutations do not affect substrate binding but instead appear to disrupt protein folding and/or stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - CATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 13049528; Battaile, Kevin P. 1,2 Nguyen, Tien V. 3 Vockley, Jerry 3,4 Kim, Jung-Ja P. 1; Email Address: jjkim@mcw.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin  2: IMCA-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, IL  3: Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota  4: University of Pittsburgh, Division of Medical Genetics, Dept. of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, PA; Source Info: 4/16/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 16, p16526; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M400034200
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13049528&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suhkmann Kim
AU  - Ziming Zhang, Peter
AU  - Upchurch, Sean
AU  - Isern, Nancy
AU  - Yuan Chen
T1  - Structure and DNA-binding Sites of the SWI1 AT-rich Interaction Domain (ARID) Suggest Determinants for Sequence-specific DNA Recognition.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/16/
VL  - 279
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 16670
EP  - 16676
SN  - 00219258
AB  - ARID (AT-rich interaction domain) is a homologous family of DNA-binding domains that occur in DNA-binding proteins from a wide variety of species, ranging from yeast to nematodes, insects, mammals, and plants. SWI1, a member of the SWI/SNF protein complex that is involved in chromatin remodeling during transcription, contains the ARID motif. The ARID domain of human SWI1 (also known as p270) does not select for a specific DNA sequence from a random sequence pool. The lack of sequence specificity shown by the SWI1 ARID domain stands in contrast to the other characterized ARID domains, which recognize specific AT-rich sequences. We have solved the three-dimensional structure of human SWI1 ARID using solution NMR methods. In addition, we have characterized nonspecific DNA binding by the SWI1 ARID domain. Results from this study indicate that a flexible, long, internal loop in the ARID motif is likely to be important for sequence-specific DNA recognition. The structure of the human SWI1 ARID domain also represents a distinct structural subfamily. Studies of ARID indicate that the boundary of DNA binding structural and functional domains can extend beyond the sequence homologous region in a homologous family of proteins. Structural studies of homologous domains such as the ARID family of DNA-binding domains should provide information to better predict the boundary of structural and functional domains in structural genomic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA-binding proteins
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - YEAST
KW  - CHROMATIN
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13049546; Suhkmann Kim 1,2 Ziming Zhang, Peter 1,3 Upchurch, Sean 1,3 Isern, Nancy 4 Yuan Chen 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California  2: Dept. of Physics, Pusan National University, Korea  3: Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California  4: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: 4/16/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 16, p16670; Subject Term: DNA-binding proteins; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M312115200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bisho, James K. B.
AU  - Wood, Todd J.
AU  - Davis, Russ E.
AU  - Sherman, Jeffrey T.
T1  - Robotic Observations of Enhanced Carbon Biomass and Export at 55°S During SOFeX.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/16/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5669
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 420
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Autonomous floats profiling in high-nitrate low-silicate waters of the Southern Ocean observed carbon biomass variability and carbon exported to depths of 100 m during the 2002 Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX) to detect the effects of iron fertilization of surface water there. Control and "in-patch" measurements documented a greater than fourfold enhancement of carbon biomass in the iron-amended waters. Carbon export through 100 m increased two- to sixfold as the patch subducted below a front. The molar ratio of iron added to carbon exported ranged between 10[sup4] and 10[sup5]. The biomass buildup and export were much higher than expected for iron-amended low-silicate waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MOLECULAR volume
KW  - IRON
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - ANTARCTIC Ocean
N1  - Accession Number: 12965900; Bisho, James K. B. 1; Email Address: JKBishop@lbi.gov Wood, Todd J. 1 Davis, Russ E. 2 Sherman, Jeffrey T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093-0230, USA.; Source Info: 4/16/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5669, p417; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MOLECULAR volume; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: ANTARCTIC Ocean; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3467
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choe, S.-B.
AU  - Acremann, Y.
AU  - Scholl, A.
AU  - Bauer, A.
AU  - Doran, A.
AU  - Stöhr, J.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
T1  - Vortex Core-Driven Magnetization Dynamics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/16/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5669
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
EP  - 422
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Time-resolved x-ray imaging shows that the magnetization dynamics of a micron-sized pattern containing a ferromagnetic vortex is determined by its handedness, or chirality. The out-of-plane magnetization in the nanometerscale vortex core induces a three-dimensional handedness in the planar magnetic structure, leading to a precessional motion of the core parallel to a subnanosecond field pulse. The core velocity was an order of magnitude higher than expected from the static susceptibility. These results demonstrate that handedness, already well known to be important in biological systems, plays an important role in the dynamics of microscopic magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - STATICS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12965901; Choe, S.-B. 1; Email Address: SBChoe@lbl.gov Acremann, Y. 2 Scholl, A. 1 Bauer, A. 1,2,3 Doran, A. 1 Stöhr, J. 2 Padmore, H. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Post Office Box 20450, Stanford, CA 94309, USA.  3: Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.; Source Info: 4/16/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5669, p420; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: STATICS; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL systems; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2186
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenk, H.-R.
AU  - Lonardelli, I.
AU  - Williams, D.
T1  - Texture changes in the hcp <f>→</f> bcc <f>→</f> hcp transformation of zirconium studied in situ by neutron diffraction
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 52
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1899
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The crystallographic texture of hot-rolled polycrystalline zirconium has been studied below and above the hcp–bcc transition temperature with HIPPO, the new time-of-flight neutron diffractometer at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, making use of the multidetector capabilities and a vacuum furnace. Incomplete pole figures were extracted from diffraction spectra to determine the orientation distribution function and recalculate complete pole figures in situ at various temperatures. The texture analysis reveals that the orientation of grains in the new high-temperature (bcc) phase is related to the texture of the low-temperature (hcp) phase by Burgers relation, but with both an orientation selection and a symmetry variant selection. The cubic transformation texture is best explained if we assume preferential nucleation of the bcc phase in the hcp grain orientations that are most subject to mechanical twinning. After cooling, the new hcp texture closely resembles the original texture. Thermal cycling repeats this process with slight strengthening of the texture. The hexagonal transformation texture (after cooling) may be caused by nucleation and growth of untransformed domains or through variant selection by stresses imposed by neighboring grains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - GRANULAR materials
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Phase transformation (hcp–bcc)
KW  - Texture
KW  - Variant selection
KW  - Zirconium
N1  - Accession Number: 12739522; Wenk, H.-R. 1; Email Address: wenk@seismo.berkeley.edu Lonardelli, I. 1 Williams, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lujan Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p1899; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: GRANULAR materials; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformation (hcp–bcc); Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variant selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zirconium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.12.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haslam, A.J.
AU  - Yamakov, V.
AU  - Moldovan, D.
AU  - Wolf, D.
AU  - Phillpot, S.R.
AU  - Gleiter, H.
T1  - Effects of grain growth on grain-boundary diffusion creep by molecular-dynamics simulation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 52
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1971
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Molecular-dynamics simulations are used to elucidate the effects of grain growth on grain-boundary diffusion creep and grain-boundary sliding during high-temperature deformation of a nanocrystalline Pd model microstructure. The initial microstructure consists of a 25-grain polycrystal with an average grain size of about 15 nm and a columnar grain shape. Prior to the onset of significant grain growth, the deformation proceeds via the mechanism of Coble creep accompanied by grain-boundary sliding. While grain growth is generally known to decrease the creep rate due to the increase of the average grain size, the results obtained in this study reveal an enhanced creep rate at the onset of the grain growth, when rapid grain-boundary migration occurs. The enhanced creep rate is shown to arise from topological changes during the initial growth phases, which enhance both the stress-induced grain-boundary diffusive fluxes and grain-boundary sliding. Dislocations generated as a result of grain-rotation-induced grain coalescence and grain-boundary decomposition in the vicinity of certain triple junctions also contribute to the deformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Dynamic grain growth
KW  - Grain rotation
KW  - Grain-boundary diffusion creep
KW  - Grain-boundary migration
KW  - Grain-boundary sliding
N1  - Accession Number: 12739529; Haslam, A.J. 1,2 Yamakov, V. 1 Moldovan, D. 1,2 Wolf, D. 1; Email Address: wolf@anl.gov Phillpot, S.R. 1 Gleiter, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p1971; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain-boundary diffusion creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain-boundary migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain-boundary sliding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.12.048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogi, Hirotsugu
AU  - Kai, Satoshi
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Tarumi, Ryuichi
AU  - Hirao, Masahiko
AU  - Takashima, Kazuki
T1  - Titanium’s high-temperature elastic constants through the hcp–bcc phase transformation
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 52
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2075
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The five independent elastic constants of hexagonal monocrystal titanium were determined up to the phase-transformation temperature, and the two isotropic elastic constants of polycrystalline titanium were determined beyond, up to 1300 K. Anomalous temperature dependences were observed just below the phase-transformation temperature: <f>C11</f> and <f>C66</f> increase with increasing temperature whereas <f>C33</f> and <f>C44</f> remarkably decrease, for example. To determine the <f>Cij</f>, we used the free-vibration resonance frequencies obtained by electromagnetic acoustic resonance. After the phase transformation, the resonance frequencies changed little with the temperature increase, showing that the bcc-phase elastic constants change little with temperature. The polycrystalline elastic constants remained unchanged up to 1300 K after the phase transformation. The anomalous temperature dependence near the transformation is interpreted in terms of the small <f>c/a</f> ratio of the hcp phase and change of the atomic distances to meet the Burgers lattice relationship. Temperature-insensitive elastic constants in the bcc phase suggest the stabilizing of the bcc phase with increasing temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - Acoustic methods
KW  - Elastic behavior
KW  - Martensitic phase transformation
KW  - Strain ageing
KW  - Titanium
N1  - Accession Number: 12739539; Ogi, Hirotsugu 1; Email Address: ogi@me.es.osaka-u.ac.jp Kai, Satoshi 1 Ledbetter, Hassel 2 Tarumi, Ryuichi 1 Hirao, Masahiko 1 Takashima, Kazuki 3; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1–3, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, M/S E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p2075; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Acoustic methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensitic phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain ageing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.01.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Staack, D.
AU  - Raitses, Y.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
T1  - Temperature gradient in Hall thrusters.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 84
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3028
EP  - 3030
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Plasma potentials and electron temperatures were deduced from emissive and cold floating probe measurements in a 2 kW Hall thruster, operated in the discharge voltage range of 200–400 V. An almost linear dependence of the electron temperature on the plasma potential was observed in the acceleration region of the thruster both inside and outside the thruster. This result calls into question whether secondary electron emission from the ceramic channel walls plays a significant role in electron energy balance. The proportionality factor between the axial electron temperature gradient and the electric field is also significantly smaller than might be expected by fluid models. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 12817099; Staack, D. 1; Email Address: dstaack@princeton.edu Raitses, Y. 1 Fisch, N. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540; Source Info: 4/19/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 16, p3028; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1710732
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Larsson, J.
AU  - Sondhauss, P.
AU  - Synnergren, O.
AU  - Harbst, M.
AU  - Heimann, P.A.
AU  - Lindenberg, A.M.
AU  - Wark, J.S.
T1  - Time-resolved X-ray diffraction study of the ferroelectric phase-transition in DKDP
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 299
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 03010104
AB  - We have performed experiments where DKDP has been irradiated by short (100 fs), laser pulses. Subsequently X-ray pulses with a duration of 100 ps were used as a probe. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction enables monitoring of the transitions between the paraelectric and ferroelectric phases. By recording the intensity of a peak only present in the paraelectric phase, we observe indications of a phase-transition following laser-irradiation of DKDP in the ferroelectric phase. We have estimated the laser heating effect, by measuring the strain (peak shifts) in the diffraction patterns. Furthermore, the orientation of the ferroelectric domains has been observed. In spite of the fact that the temperature did not rise above the Curie temperature, following interaction with this radiation, the polarization of ferroelectric domains was modified. This indicates a mechanism where short pulses impulsively excite phonons, which enable either reversal of entire domains, the shift of domain walls and/or the broadening of the domain wall widths. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 12574845; Larsson, J. 1,2; Email Address: jorgen.larsson@fysik.lth.se Sondhauss, P. 1,3 Synnergren, O. 2 Harbst, M. 1 Heimann, P.A. 4 Lindenberg, A.M. 5 Wark, J.S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Atomic Physics Division, Lund Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden  2: Technology and Society, Malmö University, 20506 Malmö, Sweden  3: Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK  4: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 299 Issue 2/3, p157; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.11.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glover, T.E.
AU  - Ackerman, G.D.
AU  - Lee, R.W.
AU  - Padmore, H.A.
AU  - Young, D.A.
T1  - Metal–insulator transitions in an expanding metallic fluid: particle formation during femtosecond laser ablation
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 299
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 03010104
AB  - The formation of particles in a laser ablation plume is a complex process requiring direct local probes. Here, core-level photoemission spectroscopy is extended to the picosecond time domain to probe local expansion dynamics and associated transient chemical properties as a highly pressurized, metallic fluid expands into vacuum following impulsive heating of a semiconductor by an intense, ultrashort laser pulse. These experiments probe constituents species and solidification kinetics occurring in the early moments of material ejection and provide insight into how particles arise in the current laser ablation regime. Photoemission peak shifts reveal rapid metal–insulator phase transitions and support a view of fragmentation over vapor-condensation as the relevant mechanism determining the initial size-distribution of particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - PARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 12574847; Glover, T.E. 1; Email Address: teglover@lbl.gov Ackerman, G.D. 1 Lee, R.W. 2 Padmore, H.A. 1 Young, D.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 2-345, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS-2-400, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Physics Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 299 Issue 2/3, p171; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: PARTICLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.11.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, Bernhard W.
T1  - Time-dependent Takagi–Taupin eikonal theory and applications in the subpicosecond manipulation of X-rays
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 299
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
SN  - 03010104
AB  - A time-dependent version of the Takagi–Taupin theory of X-ray diffraction is derived in a unified space–time approach, which is particularly applicable to X-ray diffraction in a crystal that is undergoing rapid change on the subpicosecond, and even few-femtosecond, time scale. The theory is applied to the proposal of a class of X-ray optical elements for the subpicosecond manipulation of X-rays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - EIKONAL equation
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - Dynamical diffraction
KW  - Eikonal
KW  - Takagi
KW  - Ultrafast processes
N1  - Accession Number: 12574849; Adams, Bernhard W. 1; Email Address: adams@aps.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 299 Issue 2/3, p193; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: EIKONAL equation; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamical diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eikonal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Takagi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafast processes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.12.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Lin X.
AU  - Shaw, George B.
AU  - Liu, Tao
AU  - Jennings, Guy
AU  - Attenkofer, Klaus
T1  - Exciplex formation of copper(II) octaethylporphyrin revealed by pulsed X-rays
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 299
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
SN  - 03010104
AB  - The triplet excited structures of Cu(II) octaethylporphyrin (CuOEP) in toluene and in 1:1 mixture of toluene and tetrahydrofuran (THF) were investigated by time-domain laser pulse pump, X-ray pulse probe X-ray absorption spectroscopy (pump–probe XAS) at room temperature using X-rays from a third generation synchrotron source with 100-ps time resolution. The transient optical absorption measurements indicate a strong solvent dependency of the triplet excited state lifetime due to the presence of oxygen-containing solvent molecules. While the ground state CuOEP molecules remain square-planar in both solvents, the attenuation of a peak attributed to the 1s <f>→</f> 4pz transition at the Cu K-edge for the laser excited CuOEP in the THF/toluene mixture revealed the penta-coordinated exciplex formation which is responsible for the shortening of the triplet excited state lifetime. Meanwhile, the average Cu–N distance in the triplet excited state is lengthened by 0.03 A˚ due to ligation with a THF solvent molecule, which agrees with a domed coordination structure for copper in the penta-coordinated exciplex. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOLUENE
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 12574851; Chen, Lin X. 1; Email Address: lchen@anl.gov Shaw, George B. 1 Liu, Tao 1 Jennings, Guy 2 Attenkofer, Klaus 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 299 Issue 2/3, p215; Subject Term: TOLUENE; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.12.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Luke
AU  - Tanaka, Satoshi
AU  - Mukamel, Shaul
T1  - Ligand effects on the X-ray absorption of a nickel porphyrin complex: a simulation study
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 299
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
SN  - 03010104
AB  - We present a simulation of the X-ray absorption near-edge spectrum (XANES) of the metal porphyrin NiTPP (nickel tetraphenylporphyrin) and investigate the changes to the spectrum caused by adding piperidine ligands to the metal atom. The main features in the experimental spectrum (Chen et al., Science 292 (2001) 262) are interpreted in terms of changes in the electronic structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12574852; Campbell, Luke 1,2 Tanaka, Satoshi 3 Mukamel, Shaul 1; Email Address: smukamel@uci.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  3: CIAS, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai 599-8531, Japan; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 299 Issue 2/3, p225; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.08.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shengfeng Liu
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Ba2AuTl7: An Intermetallic Compound with a Novel Condensed.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 43
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2471
EP  - 2473
SN  - 00201669
AB  - In this novel motif, thallium and gold atoms define a complex three-dimensional [AuTl7] polyanion in which the barium atoms fill pentagonal cages that are part of highly condensed infinite channels. Relativistic effects appear to be significant in the short Au-TI and TI-TI distances and the bonding by the more electronegative gold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - THALLIUM compounds
KW  - GOLD
KW  - BARIUM
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13049384; Shengfeng Liu 1 Corbett, John D. 1; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 4/19/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 8, p2471; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: THALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: BARIUM; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic035399h
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kharzeev, Dmitri
AU  - Tuchin, Kirill
T1  - Open charm production in heavy ion collisions and the color glass condensate
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/04/19/
VL  - 735
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 248
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We consider the production of open charm in heavy ion collisions in the framework of the color glass condensate. In the central rapidity region at RHIC, for the charm quark yield we expect <f>Ncoll</f> (number of collisions) scaling in the absence of final-state effects. At higher energies, or forward rapidities at RHIC, the saturation scale exceeds the charm quark mass; we find that this results in the approximate <f>Npart</f> (number of participants) scaling of charm production in AA collisions and <f>√ of N<rm>part</rm>A</f> scaling in p(d)A collisions, similarly to the production of high-<f>pT</f> gluons discussed earlier. We also show that the saturation phenomenon makes spectra harder as compared to the naive parton model approach. We then discuss the energy loss of charm quarks in hot and cold media and argue that the hardness of the spectrum implies very slow dependence of the quenching factor on <f>pT</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12502311; Kharzeev, Dmitri 1; Email Address: kharzeev@bnl.gov Tuchin, Kirill 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Box 351550, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 735 Issue 1/2, p248; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.01.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - George, Nathan D.
AU  - Miller, Warner A.
AU  - Kheyfets, Arkady
AU  - Gentle, Adrian P.
T1  - CONSTRAINTS IN QUANTUM GEOMETRODYNAMICS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/20/
VL  - 19
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1609
EP  - 1638
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - We compare different treatments of the constraints in canonical quantum gravity. The standard approach on the superspace of 3-geometries treats the constraints as the sole carriers of the dynamic content of the theory, thus rendering the traditional dynamical equations obsolete. Quantization of the constraints in both the Dirac and ADM square root Hamiltonian approaches leads to the well known problems of time evolution. These problems of time are of both an interpretational and technical nature. In contrast, the geometrodynamic quantization procedure on the superspace of the true dynamical variables separates the issues of quantization from the enforcement of the constraints. The resulting theory takes into account states that are off-shell with respect to the constraints, and thus avoids the problems of time. We develop, for the first time, the geometrodynamic quantization formalism in a general setting and show that it retains all essential features previously illustrated in the context of homogeneous cosmologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM gravity
KW  - GEOMETRODYNAMICS
KW  - CONSTRAINTS (Physics)
KW  - DIRAC equation
KW  - HAMILTON-Jacobi equations
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - canonical quantum gravity
KW  - Quantum gravity
N1  - Accession Number: 12918776; George, Nathan D. 1,2; Email Address: ndg@lanl.gov Miller, Warner A. 2,3; Email Address: wam@fau.edu Kheyfets, Arkady 4; Email Address: akheyfets@earthlink.net Gentle, Adrian P. 2,4; Email Address: apg@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Physics, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA  4: Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Source Info: 4/20/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 10, p1609; Subject Term: QUANTUM gravity; Subject Term: GEOMETRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: CONSTRAINTS (Physics); Subject Term: DIRAC equation; Subject Term: HAMILTON-Jacobi equations; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: canonical quantum gravity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum gravity; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - VETTER, PAUL A.
T1  - SYMMETRY AND QED TESTS IN RARE ANNIHILATION MODES OF POSITRONIUM.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/04/20/
VL  - 19
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 871
EP  - 885
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - Recent experiments on positronium annihilation have confirmed QED calculations at high orders of α and tested discrete fundamental symmetrics. These measurements scarch for rare modes of annihilation which are distinguished from backgrounds by their specific decay signatures. New developments in beyond Standard Model theory provide motivation for new measurements of such decays. A brief history of scarches for rare annihilation modes of Ps is given. Recent experimental and theoretical developments are reviewed. Experiments currently being planned are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRONIUM
KW  - SYMMETRIC spaces
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - SYMMETRY (Musical composition)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - positronium
KW  - qed tests
KW  - symmetry tests
N1  - Accession Number: 13018129; VETTER, PAUL A. 1; Email Address: pavetter@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 4/20/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p871; Subject Term: POSITRONIUM; Subject Term: SYMMETRIC spaces; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Musical composition); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: positronium; Author-Supplied Keyword: qed tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetry tests; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Halas, S.
AU  - Durakiewicz, T.
AU  - Mackiewicz, P.
T1  - Temperature-dependent work function shifts of hydrogenated/deuteriated palladium: a new theoretical explanation
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/04/20/
VL  - 555
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We explain the phenomena of work function (WF) variations of polycrystalline palladium film due to adsorption and absorption of hydrogen. A small increase of the WF observed at temperatures above 120 K is an indication of a spontaneous formation of H− ions at the surface, subsequently dissociating to electrons and neutral atoms which completely desorb at temperatures above 400 K. A large lowering of the WF at low temperatures (about 2 eV at 78 K) is associated with the formation of PdH. This process is treated quantitatively in the frame-work of the metallic plasma model. The mechanism of the isotope effect on the lowering of the WF is explained by the vibrational frequency difference of H and D atoms confined in the palladium lattice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PLATINUM group
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Deuterium
KW  - Hydrogen atom
KW  - Isotopic exchange/traces
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Work function measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 12743103; Halas, S. 1; Email Address: halas@tytan.umcs.lublin.pl Durakiewicz, T. 1,2 Mackiewicz, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie–Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics, MST-10 Group, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 555 Issue 1-3, p43; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PLATINUM group; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen atom; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotopic exchange/traces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Work function measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.03.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albao, M.A.
AU  - Liu, Da-Jiang
AU  - Choi, Cheol H.
AU  - Gordon, Mark S.
AU  - Evans, J.W.
T1  - Atomistic modeling of morphological evolution during simultaneous etching and oxidation of Si(1 0 0)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/04/20/
VL  - 555
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Prolonged exposure of Si(1 0 0) surfaces to oxygen produces: etching at high temperatures (<f>T</f>) characterized by the formation of monolayer-deep elliptical etch pits in successive layers (active oxidation); simultaneous etching and formation of oxide-capped Si-nanoprotrusions at moderate <f>T</f> (transition regime); and rapid coverage of the substrate by an oxide layer at low <f>T</f> (passive oxidation). We develop an atomistic model with the goal of describing evolution of the complex far-from-equilibrium surface morphology for a range of temperatures above and into the transition regime under conditions where etching dominates oxidation. Model development is guided by experimental observations, by general concepts from nucleation theory for the formation of etch pits and oxide islands, and by input from ab-initio quantum chemistry calculations for key aspects of the oxygen adsorption and SiO desorption energetics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - ETCHING
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - and topography
KW  - Etching
KW  - Models of surface kinetics
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
KW  - morphology
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - roughness
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Silicon oxides
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12743104; Albao, M.A. 1,2 Liu, Da-Jiang 1 Choi, Cheol H. 1,3 Gordon, Mark S. 1,4 Evans, J.W. 1,5; Email Address: evans@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory––USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Departments of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-701, South Korea  4: Departments of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  5: Departments of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 555 Issue 1-3, p51; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: ETCHING; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Etching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of surface kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.02.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Kechen
AU  - Li, Jun
AU  - Lin, Chensheng
T1  - Remarkable second-order optical nonlinearity of nano-sized Au20 cluster: a TDDFT study
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 388
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The dipole polarizability, static first hyperpolarizability and UV–Vis spectrum of the recently identified nano-sized tetrahedral cluster of Au20 have been investigated by using time-dependent density functional response theory. We have discovered that the Au20 cluster possesses remarkably large molecular second-order optical nonlinearity with the first hyperpolarizabilty (<f>βxyz</f>) calculated to be 14.3 × 10−30 esu. The analysis of the low-energy absorption band suggests that the charge transfer from the edged gold atoms to the vertex ones plays the key role in nonlinear optical (NLO) response of Au20. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - TETRAHEDRAL coordinates
N1  - Accession Number: 12778283; Wu, Kechen 1; Email Address: wkc@ms.fjirsm.ac.cn Li, Jun 2; Email Address: jun.li@pnl.gov Lin, Chensheng 1; Affiliation:  1: State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 388 Issue 4-6, p353; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: TETRAHEDRAL coordinates; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.03.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Xiangling
AU  - Patterson, Brian D.
AU  - Settersten, Thomas B.
T1  - Time-domain investigation of OH ground-state energy transfer using picosecond two-color polarization spectroscopy
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 388
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 358
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Two-color polarization spectroscopy was used to investigate rotational energy transfer (RET) and relaxation of orientation and alignment in the ground electronic state of OH in an atmospheric-pressure methane–air flame. Two independently tunable lasers produced nearly transform-limited infrared and ultraviolet pulses of 50 ps duration. The infrared laser excited rovibrational transitions, and delayed ultraviolet pulses probed electronic transitions from either the directly pumped or collisionally populated states. Alignment and orientation relaxation times were measured for individual rotational levels in OH <f>X2Π3/2(v=1)</f>, and the feasibility of time-domain investigation of state-to-state energy transfer processes was demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - POLARIZATION spectroscopy
KW  - LASER transitions
N1  - Accession Number: 12778284; Chen, Xiangling 1 Patterson, Brian D. 1 Settersten, Thomas B.; Email Address: tbsette@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, P.O. Box 969, MS 9056, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 388 Issue 4-6, p358; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: POLARIZATION spectroscopy; Subject Term: LASER transitions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.03.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chupas, Peter J.
AU  - Chaudhuri, Santanu
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
AU  - Qiu, Xiangyun
AU  - Lee, Peter L.
AU  - Shastri, Sarvjit D.
AU  - Billinge, Simon J. L.
AU  - Grey, Dare P.
T1  - Probing Local and Long-Range Structure Simultaneously: An In Situ Study of the High-Temperature Phase Transition of α-AIF3.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 126
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4756
EP  - 4757
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The physical properties of technologically important materials can often be strongly coupled to subtle local structural changes that occur during phase transitions. With this in mind, the perovskite structure is particularly noteworthy, as it is a fundamentally important archetypal structure that is adopted by a wide range of materials, including geologically important samples, catalysts and electronic materials. Significant differences can exist between the average atomic position and instantaneous structure especially in materials with mobile ions or atoms.
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13007893; Chupas, Peter J. 1 Chaudhuri, Santanu 1 Hanson, Jonathan C. 2 Qiu, Xiangyun 3 Lee, Peter L. 4 Shastri, Sarvjit D. 4 Billinge, Simon J. L. 3 Grey, Dare P. 1; Email Address: cgrey@mail.chem.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794  2: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, New York 11793  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824  4: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 4/21/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 15, p4756; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghiladi, Reza A.
AU  - Cabelli, Diane E.
AU  - de Montellano, Paul A. Ortiz
T1  - Superoxide Reactivity of KatG: Insights into Isoniazid Resistance Pathways inTB.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 126
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4772
EP  - 4773
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death due to a single disease, claiming 2-3 million lives annually. Efforts to control TB infection have been hampered by the rise of multiple-drug-resistant strains, which include resistance to isoniazid (INH), the most widely prescribed antibiotic used to treat TB. While it is now generally accepted that INH is a pro-drug that is activated by the catalase peroxidase KatG, the specifics of this activation process have to date proven to be elusive, and further study is necessary for rational drug design of antibiotics to combat TB.
KW  - TUBERCULOSIS
KW  - MYCOBACTERIAL diseases
KW  - MORTALITY
KW  - ISONIAZID
KW  - PEROXIDASE
KW  - ANTIBIOTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13007901; Ghiladi, Reza A. 1,2 Cabelli, Diane E. 1,2 de Montellano, Paul A. Ortiz 1,2; Email Address: ortiz@cgl.ucsf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-2280  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 4/21/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 15, p4772; Subject Term: TUBERCULOSIS; Subject Term: MYCOBACTERIAL diseases; Subject Term: MORTALITY; Subject Term: ISONIAZID; Subject Term: PEROXIDASE; Subject Term: ANTIBIOTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savage, Van M.
T1  - Improved approximations to scaling relationships for species, populations, and ecosystems across latitudinal and elevational gradients
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 227
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
SN  - 00225193
AB  - Historically, allometric equations relate organismal traits, such as metabolic rate, individual growth rate, and lifespan, to body mass. Similarly, Boltzmann or <f>Q10</f> factors are used to relate many organismal traits to body temperature. Allometric equations and Boltzmann factors are being applied increasingly to higher levels of biological organization in an attempt to describe aggregate properties of populations and ecosystems. They have been used previously for studies that analyse scaling relationships between populations and across latitudinal gradients. For these kinds of applications, it is crucial to be aware of the “fallacy of the averages”, and it is often problematic or incorrect to simply substitute the average body mass or temperature for an entire population or ecosystem into allometric equations. We derive improved approximations to allometric equations and Boltzmann factors in terms of the central moments of body size and temperature, and we provide tests for the accuracy of these approximations. This framework is necessary for interpreting the predictions of scaling theories for large-scale systems and grants insight into which characteristics of a given distribution are important. These approximations and tests are applied to data for body size for several taxonomic groups, including groups with multiple species, and to data for temperature at locations of varying latitude, corresponding to ectothermic body temperatures. Based on these results, the accuracy and utility of these approximations as applied to biological systems are assessed. We conclude that approximations to allometric equations at the species level are extremely accurate. However, for systems with a large range in body size, evaluating the skewness and kurtosis is often necessary, so it may be advantageous to calculate the exact form for the averaged scaling relationships instead. Moreover, the improved approximation for the Boltzmann factor, which uses the average and standard deviation of temperature, is quite accurate and represents a significant improvement over previous approximations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BODY temperature
KW  - ALLOMETRY
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - GROWTH
KW  - Allometry
KW  - Body temperature
KW  - Central moments
KW  - Ecosystem averages
KW  - Latitudinal studies
N1  - Accession Number: 12577456; Savage, Van M. 1,2; Email Address: van@santfe.edu; Affiliation:  1: Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 227 Issue 4, p525; Subject Term: BODY temperature; Subject Term: ALLOMETRY; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: GROWTH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Allometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Body temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Central moments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecosystem averages; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latitudinal studies; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jtbi.2003.11.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kulevoy, T.V.
AU  - Batalin, V.A.
AU  - Hershcovitch, A.
AU  - Johnson, B.M.
AU  - Kolomiets, A.A.
AU  - Kuibeda, R.P.
AU  - Kashinsky, D.A.
AU  - Kuzmichev, V.G.
AU  - Pershin, V.I.
AU  - Petrenko, S.V.
AU  - Seleznev, D.N.
AU  - Oks, E.M.
T1  - Enhancement of ion beam charge states by adding a second anode to the metal-vapor vacuum-arc ion source
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 522
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report detailed investigations of ion charge state enhancement in an alternative metal-vapor-vacuum arc ion source configuration, consisting of two anodes with staggered (but partially overlapping) high current discharges in axial high magnetic field gradients. The experiments demonstrated that driving an additional current in a vacuum arc in a magnetic mirror configuration resulted in substantial ion charge state enhancement. Maximum ion charge states of Pb6+ and U8+ were extracted. Results are presented for high charge state uranium beam generation and acceleration in the 27 MHz heavy-ion RFQ LINAC TIPr-1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM technology
KW  - ELECTRIC arc
KW  - IONS
KW  - ANODES
N1  - Accession Number: 12778147; Kulevoy, T.V. 1 Batalin, V.A. 1 Hershcovitch, A. 2; Email Address: hershcovitch@bnl.gov Johnson, B.M. 2 Kolomiets, A.A. 1 Kuibeda, R.P. 1 Kashinsky, D.A. 1 Kuzmichev, V.G. 1 Pershin, V.I. 1 Petrenko, S.V. 1 Seleznev, D.N. 1 Oks, E.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 911c, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA  3: High Current Electronics Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 3, p171; Subject Term: VACUUM technology; Subject Term: ELECTRIC arc; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ANODES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.196
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, J.G.
AU  - Zhang, S.Y.
T1  - Coupling impedance measurements of a model fast extraction kicker magnet for the SNS accumulator ring
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 522
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Both longitudinal and transverse coupling impedance of a fast extraction kicker magnet has been measured for the design and development of beam extraction in the Spallation Neutron Source accumulator ring. The conventional wire method with improved techniques is employed in the bench test. The experimental result is explained by and compared with a newly developed resonant circuit model. The impact of the measurement on the fast extraction kicker magnet design is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - MACHINERY
KW  - CLUTCHES (Machinery)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Collective instability
KW  - Coupling impedance
KW  - Kicker magnet
KW  - Longitudinal and transverse impedance
KW  - Matching
KW  - Particle accelerator
KW  - Scattering coefficient
KW  - Wire method
N1  - Accession Number: 12778148; Wang, J.G. 1; Email Address: jgwang@ornl.gov Zhang, S.Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory/SNS, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6471, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 3, p178; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: MACHINERY; Subject Term: CLUTCHES (Machinery); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collective instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coupling impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kicker magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Longitudinal and transverse impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scattering coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wire method; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.198
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alcorn, J.
AU  - Anderson, B.D.
AU  - Aniol, K.A.
AU  - Annand, J.R.M.
AU  - Auerbach, L.
AU  - Arrington, J.
AU  - Averett, T.
AU  - Baker, F.T.
AU  - Baylac, M.
AU  - Beise, E.J.
AU  - Berthot, J.
AU  - Bertin, P.Y.
AU  - Bertozzi, W.
AU  - Bimbot, L.
AU  - Black, T.
AU  - Boeglin, W.U.
AU  - Boykin, D.V.
AU  - Brash, E.J.
AU  - Breton, V.
AU  - Breuer, H.
T1  - Basic instrumentation for Hall A at Jefferson Lab
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 522
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 294
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The instrumentation in Hall A at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility was designed to study electro- and photo-induced reactions at very high luminosity and good momentum and angular resolution for at least one of the reaction products. The central components of Hall A are two identical high resolution spectrometers, which allow the vertical drift chambers in the focal plane to provide a momentum resolution of better than <f>2×10−4</f>. A variety of Cherenkov counters, scintillators and lead-glass calorimeters provide excellent particle identification. The facility has been operated successfully at a luminosity well in excess of <f>1038 cm−2 s−1</f>. The research program is aimed at a variety of subjects, including nucleon structure functions, nucleon form factors and properties of the nuclear medium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - CHERENKOV counters
KW  - Hall A
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Jefferson Lab
N1  - Accession Number: 12778157; Alcorn, J. 1 Anderson, B.D. 2 Aniol, K.A. 3 Annand, J.R.M. 4 Auerbach, L. 5 Arrington, J. 6 Averett, T. 7 Baker, F.T. 8 Baylac, M. 1,9 Beise, E.J. 10 Berthot, J. 11 Bertin, P.Y. 11 Bertozzi, W. 12 Bimbot, L. 13 Black, T. 12 Boeglin, W.U. 14 Boykin, D.V. 15 Brash, E.J. 16 Breton, V. 11 Breuer, H. 10; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA  3: California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA  4: University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK  5: Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA  6: Argonne National Lab, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  7: College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA  8: University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA  9: CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France  10: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA  11: Université Blaise Pascal/IN2P3, F-63177 Aubière, France  12: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  13: Institut de Physique Nucléaire, F-91406 Orsay, France  14: Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA  15: University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA  16: University of Regina, Regina, Sask., Canada, S4S OA2; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 3, p294; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: CHERENKOV counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hall A; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jefferson Lab; Number of Pages: 53p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.415
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12778157&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Monteiro, C.M.B.
AU  - Morgado, R.E.
AU  - dos Santos, J.M.F.
AU  - Conde, C.A.N.
T1  - A curved-grid gas proportional scintillation counter instrumented with a 25-mm active-diameter photosensor
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 522
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 407
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The curved-grid technique provides a simple method to compensate for the variation in solid angle viewed by the PMT in large-area gas proportional scintillation counters (GPSC), improving their performance. The scintillation region is delimited by a planar grid and a curved one, whose shape is calculated to produce a radially increasing scintillation yield, compensating for the decrease in the solid angle. In this work, we applied this technique to a GPSC instrumented with a PMT having a 25-mm diameter photocathode. The maximum ratio of the detector entrance window to the photocathode diameter thus far achieved, without significant performance degradation, is 1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - XENON
KW  - AIR analysis
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - Gas scintillation counter
KW  - X-ray detector
KW  - Xenon gas detector
N1  - Accession Number: 12778162; Monteiro, C.M.B. 1 Morgado, R.E. 2 dos Santos, J.M.F. 1; Email Address: jmf@gian.fis.uc.pt Conde, C.A.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra P-3004-516, Portugal  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 3, p407; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: AIR analysis; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas scintillation counter; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon gas detector; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.416
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heilbronn, L.
AU  - Iwata, Y.
AU  - Iwase, H.
T1  - Off-line correction for excessive constant-fraction-discriminator walk in neutron time-of-flight experiments
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 522
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A method for reducing excessive constant-fraction-discriminator walk that utilizes experimental data in the off-line analysis stage is introduced. Excessive walk is defined here as any walk that leads to an overall timing resolution that is much greater than the intrinsic timing resolution of the detection system. The method is able to reduce the contribution to the overall timing resolution from the walk to a value that is equal to or less than the intrinsic timing resolution of the detectors. Although the method is explained in the context of a neutron time-of-flight experiment, it is applicable to any data set that satisfies two conditions: (1) a measure of the signal amplitude for each event must be recorded on an event-by-event basis; and (2) there must be a distinguishable class of events present where the timing information is known a priori. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - 29.90.+r
KW  - Discriminator walk
KW  - Off-line correction
N1  - Accession Number: 12778173; Heilbronn, L. 1; Email Address: LHHeilbronn@lbl.gov Iwata, Y. 2 Iwase, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan  3: Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 3, p495; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.90.+r; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discriminator walk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Off-line correction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.398
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bolozdynya, A.
AU  - Bolotnikov, A.
AU  - Richards, J.
AU  - Proctor, A.
T1  - Detection of thermal neutrons in cylindrical ionization chamber filled with high-pressure Xe+3He gas mixture
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 522
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 595
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A high-pressure cylindrical ionization chamber filled with a Xe+3% 3He gas mixture can effectively detect gamma radiation and neutrons. The detector was tested at gas densities ranging between 0.07 and 0.35 g/cm3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - ELECTRON impact ionization
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Clusters
KW  - Gamma-ray spectrometry
KW  - High-pressure cylindrical ionization chamber
KW  - Thermal neutron detection
KW  - Xe+3He gas mixture
N1  - Accession Number: 12778182; Bolozdynya, A. 1; Email Address: bolozdynya@contech.com Bolotnikov, A. 2 Richards, J. 1 Proctor, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Constellation Technology Corporation, 7887 Bryan Dairy Rd., Suite 100, Largo, FL 33777, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 3, p595; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON impact ionization; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-pressure cylindrical ionization chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xe+3He gas mixture; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.396
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reijonen, J.
AU  - Leung, K.-N.
AU  - Firestone, R.B.
AU  - English, J.A.
AU  - Perry, D.L.
AU  - Smith, A.
AU  - Gicquel, F.
AU  - Sun, M.
AU  - Koivunoro, H.
AU  - Lou, T.-P.
AU  - Bandong, B.
AU  - Garabedian, G.
AU  - Revay, Zs.
AU  - Szentmiklosi, L.
AU  - Molnar, G.
T1  - First PGAA and NAA experimental results from a compact high intensity D–D neutron generator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 522
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 598
SN  - 01689002
AB  - High neutron output D–D neutron generators have been developed in the Plasma and Ion Source Technology Group in LBNL. A new facility has been build to enable testing and running these powerful generators. The co-axial neutron generator and the shielding/moderator structure are described in this presentation. Also presented are the first PGAA (Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis) and NAA (Neutron Activation Analysis) results measured in this neutron facility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - GAMMA rays -- Attenuation
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - D–D fusion reaction
KW  - Neutron activation analysis
KW  - Neutron facility
KW  - Neutron generator
KW  - Prompt gamma activation analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12778183; Reijonen, J. 1; Email Address: jreijonen@lbl.gov Leung, K.-N. 1 Firestone, R.B. 1 English, J.A. 1 Perry, D.L. 1 Smith, A. 1 Gicquel, F. 1 Sun, M. 1 Koivunoro, H. 1 Lou, T.-P. 1 Bandong, B. 2 Garabedian, G. 2 Revay, Zs. 3 Szentmiklosi, L. 3 Molnar, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, MS 5-119, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Institute of Isotope and Surface Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 522 Issue 3, p598; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: GAMMA rays -- Attenuation; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: D–D fusion reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron activation analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron facility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron generator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Prompt gamma activation analysis; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.397
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bussmann-Holder, Annette
AU  - Micnas, Roman
AU  - Bishop, Alan R.
T1  - Polaronic origin of the isotope effect on the London penetration depth in high-temperature superconducting oxides.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1257
EP  - 1264
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Direct measurements of the in-plane London penetration depth λ L have recently been performed on high-temperature superconducting copper oxides by a new low-energy muon spin rotation technique. The results show that λ L is isotope dependent, evidencing unconventional electron-phonon interactions as its source. The data are interpreted here in terms of polaronic effects on the single-particle energies, which leads to level shifts and exponential band narrowing. Good agreement with the experimental data is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MUON spin rotation
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC interactions
KW  - POLARONS
N1  - Accession Number: 12584148; Bussmann-Holder, Annette 1; Email Address: A.Bussmann-Holder@fkf.mpg.de Micnas, Roman 2 Bishop, Alan R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Germany  2: Institute of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 4/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 12, p1257; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MUON spin rotation; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC interactions; Subject Term: POLARONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ribeiro, R.A.
AU  - Bud'ko, S.L.
AU  - Laabs, F.C.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Growth and physical properties of the decagonal Al-Cu-Co quasicrystal grown from the ternary melt.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/04/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1291
EP  - 1302
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Large faceted single-grain quasicrystals of the approximate composition Al 63.2 Cu 19.5 Co 17.3 and with a high degree of structural perfection are obtained through the slow cooling of a ternary melt with initial composition Al 65 Cu 29 Co 6 . X-ray diffraction patterns of crushed single-grain samples are exceptionally sharp, indicating a high degree of structural order, with no evidence of secondary phases. Transmission electron micrographs also reveal sharp diffraction patterns in the even- n layers but diffuse scattering in the odd- n layers. Temperature-dependent magnetization, electrical resistivity and specific heat are measured using bars cut perpendicular and parallel to the c axis and show diamagnetic behaviour: γ ≈ 0.5 mJ mol -1 K -2 , ρ c (2 K) ≈ 52 μΩ cm and ρ q (2 K) ≈ 283 μΩ cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - TERNARY alloys
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12584146; Ribeiro, R.A. 1,2; Email Address: ribeiro@ameslab.gov Bud'ko, S.L. 1 Laabs, F.C. 1,3 Kramer, M.J. 1,3 Canfield, P.C. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University; Source Info: 4/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 12, p1291; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: TERNARY alloys; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valone, Steven M.
AU  - Atlas, Susan R.
T1  - An empirical charge transfer potential with correct dissociation limits.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 7262
EP  - 7273
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The empirical valence bond (EVB) method [J. Chem. Phys. 52, 1262 (1970)] has always embodied charge transfer processes. The mechanism of that behavior is examined here and recast for use as a new empirical potential energy surface for large-scale simulations. A two-state model is explored. The main features of the model are: (1) explicit decomposition of the total system electron density is invoked; (2) the charge is defined through the density decomposition into constituent contributions; (3) the charge transfer behavior is controlled through the resonance energy matrix elements which cannot be ignored; and (4) a reference-state approach, similar in spirit to the EVB method, is used to define the resonance state energy contributions in terms of “knowable” quantities. With equal validity, the new potential energy can be expressed as a nonthermal ensemble average with a nonlinear but analytical charge dependence in the occupation number. Dissociation to neutral species for a gas-phase process is preserved. A variant of constrained search density functional theory is advocated as the preferred way to define an energy for a given charge. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12727309; Valone, Steven M. 1,2 Atlas, Susan R. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131  3: Center for Advanced Studies, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131; Source Info: 4/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 16, p7262; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1676118
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dallos, Michal
AU  - Lischka, Hans
AU  - Szalay, Péter G.
AU  - Yarkony, David R.
AU  - Shepard, Ron
T1  - Analytic evaluation of nonadiabatic coupling terms at the MR-CI level. I. Formalism.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 7322
EP  - 7329
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - An efficient and general method for the analytic computation of the nonandiabatic coupling vector at the multireference configuration interaction (MR-CI) level is presented. This method is based on a previously developed formalism for analytic MR-CI gradients adapted to the use for the computation of nonadiabatic coupling terms. As was the case for the analytic energy gradients, very general, separate choices of invariant orbital subspaces at the multiconfiguration self-consistent field and MR-CI levels are possible, allowing flexible selections of MR-CI wave functions. The computational cost for the calculation of the nonadiabatic coupling vector at the MR-CI level is far below the cost for the energy calculation. In this paper the formalism of the method is presented and in the following paper [Dallos et al., J. Chem. Phys. 120, 7330 (2004)] applications concerning the optimization of minima on the crossing seam are described. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYATOMIC molecules
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FORMALISM (Literary analysis)
N1  - Accession Number: 12727302; Dallos, Michal 1 Lischka, Hans 1; Email Address: hans.lischka@univie.ac.at Szalay, Péter G. 2 Yarkony, David R. 3 Shepard, Ron 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Structural Biology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria  2: Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary  3: Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218  4: Theoretical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 4/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 16, p7322; Subject Term: POLYATOMIC molecules; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FORMALISM (Literary analysis); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1668615
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dallos, Michal
AU  - Lischka, Hans
AU  - Shepard, Ron
AU  - Yarkony, David R.
AU  - Szalay, Péter G.
T1  - Analytic evaluation of nonadiabatic coupling terms at the MR-CI level. II. Minima on the crossing seam: Formaldehyde and the photodimerization of ethylene.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 7330
EP  - 7339
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The method for the analytic calculation of the nonadiabatic coupling vector at the multireference configuration-interaction (MR-CI) level and its program implementation into the COLUMBUS program system described in the preceding paper [Lischka et al., J. Chem. Phys. 120, 7322 (2004)] has been combined with automatic searches for minima on the crossing seam (MXS). Based on a perturbative description of the vicinity of a conical intersection, a Lagrange formalism for the determination of MXS has been derived. Geometry optimization by direct inversion in the iterative subspace extrapolation is used to improve the convergence properties of the corresponding Newton-Raphson procedure. Three examples have been investigated: the crossing between the 1 1B1/2 1A1 valence states in formaldehyde, the crossing between the 2 1A1/3 1A1 π-π* valence and ny-3py Rydberg states in formaldehyde, and three crossings in the case of the photodimerization of ethylene. The methods developed allow MXS searches of significantly larger systems at the MR-CI level than have been possible before and significantly more accurate calculations as compared to previous complete-active space self-consistent field approaches. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY -- Research
KW  - FORMALDEHYDE
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - NEWTON-Raphson method
KW  - LAGRANGE problem
N1  - Accession Number: 12727301; Dallos, Michal 1 Lischka, Hans 1; Email Address: hans.lischka@univie.ac.at Shepard, Ron 2 Yarkony, David R. 3 Szalay, Péter G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Structural Biology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria  2: Theoretical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218  4: Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary; Source Info: 4/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 16, p7330; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY -- Research; Subject Term: FORMALDEHYDE; Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Subject Term: NEWTON-Raphson method; Subject Term: LAGRANGE problem; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1668631
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guo, Rui
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Spectroscopic properties and potential energy curves of low-lying electronic states of RuC.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 7418
EP  - 7425
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The RuC molecule has been a challenging species due to the open-shell nature of Ru resulting in a large number of low-lying electronic states. We have carried out state-of-the-art calculations using the complete active space multiconfiguration self-consistent field followed by multireference configuration interaction methods that included up to 18 million configurations, in conjunction with relativistic effects. We have computed 29 low-lying electronic states of RuC with different spin multiplicities and spatial symmetries with energy separations less than 38 000 cm-1. We find two very closely low-lying electronic states for RuC, viz., 1Σ+ and 3Δ with the 1Σ+ being stabilized at higher levels of theory. Our computed spectroscopic constants and dipole moments are in good agreement with experiment although we have reported more electronic states than those that have been observed experimentally. Our computations reveal a strongly bound 1Σ+ state with a large dipole moment which is most likely the experimentally observed ground state and an energetically close 3Δ state with a smaller dipole moment. Overall our computed spectroscopic constants of the excited states with energy separations less than 18 000 cm-1 agree quite well with those of the corresponding observed states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - MOLECULAR shapes
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - RELATIVISTIC mechanics
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 12727292; Guo, Rui 1 Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing, University of California, Davis, Livermore, California 94550  2: University of California, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: The Glen T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 4/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 16, p7418; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: MOLECULAR shapes; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: RELATIVISTIC mechanics; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688755
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rustad, James R.
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Felmy, Andrew R.
T1  - Molecular dynamics investigation of ferrous–ferric electron transfer in a hydrolyzing aqueous solution: Calculation of the pH dependence of the diabatic transfer barrier and the potential of mean force.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 7607
EP  - 7615
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present a molecular model for ferrous–ferric electron transfer in an aqueous solution that accounts for electronic polarizability and exhibits spontaneous cation hydrolysis. An extended Lagrangian technique is introduced for carrying out calculations of electron-transfer barriers in polarizable systems. The model predicts that the diabatic barrier to electron transfer increases with increasing pH, due to stabilization of the Fe3+ by fluctuations in the number of hydroxide ions in its first coordination sphere, in much the same way as the barrier would increase with increasing dielectric constant in the Marcus theory. We have also calculated the effect of pH on the potential of mean force between two hydrolyzing ions in aqueous solution. As expected, increasing pH reduces the potential of mean force between the ferrous and ferric ions in the model system. The magnitudes of the predicted increase in diabatic transfer barrier and the predicted decrease in the potential of mean force nearly cancel each other at the canonical transfer distance of 0.55 nm. Even though hydrolysis is allowed in our calculations, the distribution of reorganization energies has only one maximum and is Gaussian to an excellent approximation, giving a harmonic free energy surface in the reorganization energy F(ΔE) with a single minimum. There is thus a surprising amount of overlap in electron-transfer reorganization energies for Fe2+–Fe(H2O)63+, Fe2+–Fe(OH)(H2O)52+, and Fe2+–Fe(OH)2(H2O)+ couples, indicating that fluctuations in hydrolysis state can be viewed on a continuum with other solvent contributions to the reorganization energy. There appears to be little justification for thinking of the transfer rate as arising from the contributions of different hydrolysis states. Electronic structure calculations indicate that Fe(H2O)62+–Fe(OH)n(H2O)6-n(3-n)+ complexes interacting through H3O2- bridges do not have large electronic couplings. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS -- Polarization
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - LAGRANGIAN functions
KW  - PH effect
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - CONTINUUM (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12727271; Rustad, James R. 1 Rosso, Kevin M. 1 Felmy, Andrew R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 4/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 16, p7607; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS -- Polarization; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: LAGRANGIAN functions; Subject Term: PH effect; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: CONTINUUM (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687318
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosso
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Smith
AU  - D. M. A.
AU  - Wang
AU  - Z.
AU  - Ainsworth
AU  - C. C.
AU  - Fredrickson
AU  - J. K.
T1  - Self-Exchange Electron Transfer Kinetics and Reduction Potentials for Anthraquinone Disulfonate.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3292
EP  - 3303
SN  - 10895639
AB  - An electron transfer model for self-exchange reactions of 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) in aqueous solution has been formulated by using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and Marcus theory. One-electron self-exchange reactions are predicted to be fast (log k ≉ 6-9 M-1 s-1) but not diffusion limited. The internal component of the reorganization energy makes a large contribution to the total reorganization energy and cannot be neglected. Analysis and theoretical extensions of crystal structure data led to predicted precursor complex structures that, in the end, yielded theoretical electron transfer rates in good agreement with experimental ones. Electron transfer distances in solution are predicted to be in the 7-9 Å range. Calculated values of the electronic coupling matrix element indicate that the distinction between adiabatic and nonadiabatic electron transfer in this system likely occurs in this distance range as well. A set of reduction potentials was also produced by combining the density functional theory calculations with equilibrium expressions and the known acidity constants in the AQDS system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTHRAQUINONES
KW  - QUINONE
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 16432930; Rosso K. M. 1 Smith D. M. A. 1 Wang Z. 1 Ainsworth C. C. 1 Fredrickson J. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-96, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Physics, Whitman College, 345 Boyer Avenue, Walla Walla, Washington 99362; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 16, p3292; Subject Term: ANTHRAQUINONES; Subject Term: QUINONE; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson
AU  - K. B.
AU  - Tranter
AU  - R. S.
AU  - Tang
AU  - W.
AU  - Brezinsky
AU  - K.
AU  - Harding
AU  - L. B.
T1  - Speciation of C6H6 Isomers by Gas Chromatography-Matrix Isolation Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy-Mass Spectrometry.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3403
EP  - 3405
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Isomeric C6H6 species produced by high-pressure shock tube pyrolysis of 1,5-hexadiyne have been investigated by gas chromatography-matrix isolation FTIR spectroscopy-mass spectrometry. In addition to benzene (stable end product) and 1,5-hexadiyne (starting material), six isomeric C6H6 species have been identified on the basis of spectroscopic characteristics. The results are consistent with theoretical predictions of stable species that will be formed in the pyrolysis of 1,5-hexadiyne and key species have been positively identified for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOMERISM
KW  - GAS chromatography
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 16432945; Anderson K. B. 1 Tranter R. S. 1 Tang W. 1 Brezinsky K. 1 Harding L. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, M/C 251, Chicago, Illinois 60607; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 16, p3403; Subject Term: ISOMERISM; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tranter
AU  - R. S.
AU  - Tang
AU  - W.
AU  - Anderson
AU  - K. B.
AU  - Brezinsky
AU  - K.
T1  - Shock Tube Study of Thermal Rearrangement of 1,5-Hexadiyne over Wide Temperature and Pressure Regime.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3406
EP  - 3415
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The pyrolysis of 1,5-hexadiyne has been studied in a high-pressure single pulse shock tube to investigate the mechanisms involved in the production of benzene from propargyl radicals. Analysis of the reaction products by gas chromatography and matrix isolation Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has positively identified six linear C6H6 species and two cyclic C6H6 species. Of these species cis-1,3-hexadien-5-yne and trans-1,3-hexadiene-5-yne have been unambiguously identified for the first time and provide vital information concerning a low-temperature route to benzene that does not involve the formation of fulvene; however, the data also provide support for two high-temperature paths from propargyl radicals to benzene via fulvene. Thus experimental evidence has been gained that supports two different routes to benzene formation. The mechanisms and rate coefficients that have been obtained in this work are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - GAS chromatography
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 16432946; Tranter R. S. 1 Tang W. 1 Anderson K. B. 1 Brezinsky K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, M/C 251, Chicago, Illinois 60607, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 16, p3406; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dattelbaum
AU  - D. M.
AU  - Martin
AU  - R. L.
AU  - Schoonover
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Meyer
AU  - T. J.
T1  - Molecular and Electronic Structure in the Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited States of fac-[Re(4,4‘-X2bpy)(CO)3(4-Etpy)]+* (X = CH3, H, Co2Et). Application of Density Functional Theory and Time-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3518
EP  - 3526
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been conducted on the ground and metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states of the series fac-[Re(4,4‘-X2bpy)(CO)3(4-Etpy)](PF6) (X = CH3, H, and CO2Et; 4-Etpy is 4-ethylpyridine). The energy gap varies across this series, influencing excited-state geometries and electronic structures. The DFT calculations assist in assigning ν(CO) bands in the infrared and give insight into variations in the experimental values. The predicted bond length and angle changes in the excited state point to the importance of Re-CO σ bond polarization in the excited states as well as π*(4,4‘-X2bpy)-π*(CO) mixing suggested previously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 16432960; Dattelbaum D. M. 1 Martin R. L. 2 Schoonover J. R. 3 Meyer T. J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Laboratory Director's Office for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Laboratory Director's Office for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Laboratory Director's Office for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  4: Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Laboratory Director's Office for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 16, p3518; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dattelbaum
AU  - D. M.
AU  - Omberg
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Hay
AU  - P. J.
AU  - Gebhart
AU  - N. L.
AU  - Martin
AU  - R. L.
AU  - Schoonover
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Meyer
AU  - T. J.
T1  - Defining Electronic Excited States Using Time-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Calculations.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3527
EP  - 3536
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Characteristic patterns of infrared bands in the ν(CO) region have been observed in the time-resolved infrared (TRIR) spectra of fac-rhenium tricarbonyl complexes that allow for identification of transient states that result following laser flash excitation. These patterns can be interpreted by combining experimental TRIR data with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The DFT calculations are particularly valuable as they provide vibrational energy shifts between the ground and excited states and an analysis of the electronic interactions in terms of the orbitals involved in the excitation. TRIR and DFT results for four different transient excited states, intraligand π → π*, metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT), intramolecular (dπ-Οπ) → π* excited states, and a redox-separated (RS state), are presented here. A unique example of competing excited states studied by TRIR is also presented. The complexes studied include fac-[ReI(CO)3(Me2dppz)(4-Etpy)]+, fac-[ReI(CO)3(bpy)(4-Etpy)]+, fac-[ReI(CO)3(4,4‘-(CH3)2bpy)(OQD)] , fac-[ReI(CO)3(Me2dppz)(py-PTZ)]+, and fac-[ReI(CO)3(dppz)(py-PTZ)]+ (Me2dppz is dimethyl dipyrido[3,2-a:2‘,3‘-c]phenazine; dppz is dipyrido[3,2-a:2‘,3‘-c]phenazine; 4Etpy is 4-ethylpyridine; bpy is 2,2‘-bipyridine; 4,4‘-(CH3)2bpy is 4,4‘-(CH3)-2,2‘-bipyridine; OQD is 1-methyl-6-oxyquinone; py-PTZ is 10-(4-picolyl)phenothiazine). In addition to the DFT studies on the lowest triplet states probed by TRIR spectroscopy, time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations were also performed to analyze several of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states for each of the complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 16432961; Dattelbaum D. M. 1 Omberg K. M. 1 Hay P. J. 1 Gebhart N. L. 1 Martin R. L. 1 Schoonover J. R. 1 Meyer T. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 16, p3527; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Michael D.
AU  - Stevenson, Jeffry W.
AU  - Simner, Steven P.
T1  - Reactivity of lanthanide ferrite SOFC cathodes with YSZ electrolyte
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 129
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The reactivity of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) with compounds of the form Ln0.8Sr0.2FeO3 (<F>Ln=Sm</F>, Pr, Nd and a mixed lanthanide precursor) and La0.8M0.2FeO3 (<F>M=Ba</F>, Ca) was investigated, and compared to the comprehensively studied La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 (LSF-20) composition. With the exception of Ca, all variants showed either increased reactivity with YSZ (compared to the base LSF-20), or a lack of phase purity after calcination at 1200–1300 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - REACTIVITY (Chemistry)
KW  - Lanthanide ferrite
KW  - Reactivity
KW  - SOFC cathodes
N1  - Accession Number: 12777622; Anderson, Michael D. 1 Stevenson, Jeffry W. 1 Simner, Steven P.; Email Address: steven.simner@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division (MS: K2-44), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department MSIN K2-44, P.O. Box 999, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 129 Issue 2, p188; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: REACTIVITY (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanide ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOFC cathodes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.11.039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Felix
AU  - Doeff, Marca M.
T1  - Electrochemical characterization of manganese oxide cathode materials based on Na0.4MnO2
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 129
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Cathode materials for lithium rechargeable batteries were prepared from Na0.4MnO2 by solution and molten salt ion-exchanges. The former process results in partial replacement of sodium while the latter results in complete exchange. The discharge characteristics depend upon the sodium content, with the partially lithiated material exhibiting hysteresis in the charge/discharge profile and differential capacity plots from stepped potential experiments. For the fully lithiated material, a complex voltage profile with several distinct plateaus corresponding to several two-phase regions is observed. No evidence of spinel formation during ion-exchange or electrochemical cycling is seen for this system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANESE oxides
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - STORAGE batteries
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - Manganese oxide
KW  - Rechargeable lithium batteries
KW  - Romanechite
N1  - Accession Number: 12777635; Hu, Felix 1 Doeff, Marca M.; Email Address: mmdoeff@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 129 Issue 2, p296; Subject Term: MANGANESE oxides; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: STORAGE batteries; Subject Term: OXIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rechargeable lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Romanechite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.11.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doggett, Norman A.
AU  - Albertson, Donna G.
AU  - Andaya, Armann
AU  - Chinnaiyan, Arul
AU  - van Dekken, Herman
AU  - Ginzinger, David
AU  - Haqq, Christopher
AU  - James, Karen
AU  - Kamkar, Sherwin
AU  - Kowbel, David
AU  - Pinkel, Daniel
AU  - Schmitt, Lars
AU  - Simko, Jeffry P.
AU  - Volik, Stanislav
AU  - Weinberg, Vivian K.
AU  - Paris, Pamela L.
AU  - Collins, Colin
AU  - Watson, J. E. Vivienne
T1  - Integration of high-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of chromosome 16q with expression array data refines common regions of loss at 16q23-qter and identifies underlying candidate tumor suppressor genes in prostate cancer.
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2004/04/22/
VL  - 23
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3487
EP  - 3494
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 09509232
AB  - We have constructed a high-resolution genomic microarray of human chromosome 16q, and used it for comparative genomic hybridization analysis of 16 prostate tumors. We demarcated 10 regions of genomic loss between 16q23.1 and 16qter that occurred in five or more samples. Mining expression array data from four independent studies allowed us to identify 11 genes that were frequently underexpressed in prostate cancer and that co-localized with a region of genomic loss. Quantitative expression analyses of these genes in matched tumor and benign tissue from 13 patients showed that six of these 11 (WWOX, WFDC1, MAF, FOXF1, MVD and the predicted novel transcript Q9H0B8 (NM_031476)) had significant and consistent downregulation in the tumors relative to normal prostate tissue expression making them candidate tumor suppressor genes.Oncogene (2004) 23, 3487-3494. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207474 Published online 12 April 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oncogene is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROSTATE cancer
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - ANTIONCOGENES
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - array CGH
KW  - chromosome 16q
KW  - prostate cancer
KW  - tumor suppressor genes
N1  - Accession Number: 12886938; Doggett, Norman A. 1 Albertson, Donna G. 2 Andaya, Armann 2 Chinnaiyan, Arul 3 van Dekken, Herman 4 Ginzinger, David 2 Haqq, Christopher 2 James, Karen 2 Kamkar, Sherwin 2 Kowbel, David 2 Pinkel, Daniel 2 Schmitt, Lars 2 Simko, Jeffry P. 2 Volik, Stanislav 2 Weinberg, Vivian K. 2 Paris, Pamela L. 2 Collins, Colin 2 Watson, J. E. Vivienne 2; Email Address: vwatson@cc.ucsf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Collins Lab, UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 2340 Sutter Street, San Francisco, USA  3: Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0602, USA  4: Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Source Info: 4/22/2004, Vol. 23 Issue 19, p3487; Subject Term: PROSTATE cancer; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: ANTIONCOGENES; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: array CGH; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromosome 16q; Author-Supplied Keyword: prostate cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: tumor suppressor genes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.onc.1207474
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weaver-Feldhaus, Jane M.
AU  - Lou, Jianlong
AU  - Coleman, James R.
AU  - Siegel, Robert W.
AU  - Marks, James D.
AU  - Feldhaus, Michael J.
T1  - Yeast mating for combinatorial Fab library generation and surface display
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/23/
VL  - 564
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Yeast display of antibody fragments has proven to be an efficient and productive means for directed evolution of single chain Fv antibodies for increased affinity and thermal stability, and more recently for the display and screening of a non-immune library. In this paper, we describe an elegant and simple method for constructing large combinatorial Fab libraries for display on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, from modestly sized, and easily constructed, heavy and light chain libraries. To this end, we have constructed a set of yeast strains and a two vector system for heavy chain and light chain surface display of Fab fragments with free native amino termini. Through yeast mating of the haploid libraries, a very large heterodimeric immune Fab library was displayed on the diploids and high affinity antigen specific Fabs were isolated from the library. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YEAST
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - GROWTH factors
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - Antibody
KW  - EGF, epidermal growth factor
KW  - Fab
KW  - Library
KW  - mAb, monoclonal antibody
KW  - scFv, single chain fragment variable
KW  - SDCAA, synthetic dextrose plus casein amino acids
KW  - Selection
KW  - Single chain Fv
KW  - VH, variable heavy
KW  - Vk, variable light
KW  - Yeast display
N1  - Accession Number: 12839097; Weaver-Feldhaus, Jane M. 1 Lou, Jianlong 2 Coleman, James R. 1 Siegel, Robert W. 1 Marks, James D. 2; Email Address: marksj@anesthesia.ucsf.edu Feldhaus, Michael J. 1; Email Address: michael.feldhaus@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN:K4-12, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Anesthesia and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rm 3C-38, NH, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, 1001 Potrero, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 564 Issue 1/2, p24; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: GROWTH factors; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibody; Author-Supplied Keyword: EGF, epidermal growth factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fab; Author-Supplied Keyword: Library; Author-Supplied Keyword: mAb, monoclonal antibody; Author-Supplied Keyword: scFv, single chain fragment variable; Author-Supplied Keyword: SDCAA, synthetic dextrose plus casein amino acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single chain Fv; Author-Supplied Keyword: VH, variable heavy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vk, variable light; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yeast display; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00309-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang Chao
AU  - Dax Fu
T1  - Thermodynamic Studies of the Mechanism of Metal Binding to the Escherichia coli Zinc Transporter YiiP.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/23/
VL  - 279
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 17173
EP  - 17180
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Sequence homology of the Escherichia coli YiiP places it within the family of cation diffusion facilitators, a family of membrane transporters that play a central role in regulating cellular zinc homeostasis. Here we describe the first thermodynamic and mechanistic studies of metal binding to a cation diffusion facilitator. Isothermal titration calorimetric analyses of the purified YiiP and binding competitions among Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ revealed a mutually competitive binding site common to three metal ions and a set of noncompetitive binding sites, including one Cd2+ site, one Hg2+ site, and at least one Zn2+ site, to which the binding of Zn2+ exhibited partial inhibitions of both Cd2+ and Hg2+ bindings. Lowering the pH from 7.0 to 5.5 inhibited binding of Zn2+ and Cd2+ to the common site. Further, the enthalpy change of the Cd2+ binding to the common site was found to be related linearly to the ionization enthalpy of the pH buffer with a slope corresponding to the release of 1.23 H+ for each Cd2+ binding. These H+ effects are consistent with a coupled deprotonation process upon binding of Zn2+ and Cd2+ modification of histidine residues by diethyl pyrocarbonate specifically inhibited Zn2+ binding to the common binding site, indicating that the mechanism of binding-deprotonation coupling involves a histidine residue(s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - HOMEOSTASIS
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13226942; Yang Chao 1 Dax Fu 1; Email Address: dax@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: 4/23/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 17, p17173; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: HOMEOSTASIS; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M400208200
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jacob, Jaby
AU  - Krantz, Bryan
AU  - Dothager, Robin S.
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P.
AU  - Sosnick, Tobin R.
T1  - Early Collapse is not an Obligate Step in Protein Folding
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/04/23/
VL  - 338
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The dimensions and secondary structure content of two proteins which fold in a two-state manner are measured within milliseconds of denaturant dilution using synchrotron-based, stopped-flow small-angle X-ray scattering and far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopy. Even upon a jump to strongly native conditions, neither ubiquitin nor common-type acylphosphatase contract prior to the major folding event. Circular dichroism and fluorescence indicate that negligible amounts of secondary and tertiary structures form in the burst phase. Thus, for these two denatured states, collapse and secondary structure formation are not energetically downhill processes even under aqueous, low-denaturant conditions. In addition, water appears to be as good a solvent as that with high concentrations of denaturant, when considering the over-all dimensions of the denatured state. However, the removal of denaturant does subtly alter the distribution of backbone dihedral φ,ψ angles, most likely resulting in a shift from the polyproline II region to the helical region of the Ramachandran map. We consider the thermodynamic origins of these behaviors along with implications for folding mechanisms and computer simulations thereof. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DICHROISM
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - CIRCULAR dichroism
KW  - CD, circular dichroism
KW  - circular dichroism
KW  - csp, cold-shock protein
KW  - ctAcP, common-type acylphosphatase
KW  - Dphysiological, physiological denatured state under low-denaturant conditions
KW  - FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer
KW  - GdmCl, guanidinium chloride
KW  - HEWL, hen egg-white lysozyme
KW  - HX, hydrogen exchange
KW  - Io, scattering intensity at zero angle
KW  - kinetics
KW  - P(r), pair distance distribution function
KW  - polyproline II
KW  - PPII, polyproline II
KW  - protein folding
KW  - Rg, radius of gyration
KW  - SAXS, small-angle X-ray scattering
KW  - small-angle X-ray scattering
KW  - Ub, ubiquitin
N1  - Accession Number: 12739058; Jacob, Jaby 1,2 Krantz, Bryan 1 Dothager, Robin S. 1 Thiyagarajan, P. 2 Sosnick, Tobin R. 1,3; Email Address: trsosnic@midway.uchicago.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 338 Issue 2, p369; Subject Term: DICHROISM; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: CIRCULAR dichroism; Author-Supplied Keyword: CD, circular dichroism; Author-Supplied Keyword: circular dichroism; Author-Supplied Keyword: csp, cold-shock protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: ctAcP, common-type acylphosphatase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dphysiological, physiological denatured state under low-denaturant conditions; Author-Supplied Keyword: FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: GdmCl, guanidinium chloride; Author-Supplied Keyword: HEWL, hen egg-white lysozyme; Author-Supplied Keyword: HX, hydrogen exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Io, scattering intensity at zero angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: P(r), pair distance distribution function; Author-Supplied Keyword: polyproline II; Author-Supplied Keyword: PPII, polyproline II; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein folding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rg, radius of gyration; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAXS, small-angle X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: small-angle X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ub, ubiquitin; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.02.065
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrone, Paula M.
AU  - Garcia, Angel E.
T1  - MHC–Peptide Binding is Assisted by Bound Water Molecules
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/04/23/
VL  - 338
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Water plays an important role in determining the high affinity of epitopes to the class I MHC complex. To study the energy and dynamics of water interactions in the complex we performed molecular dynamics simulation of the class I MHC–HLA2 complex bound to the HIV reverse transcriptase epitope, ILKEPVHGV, and in the absence of the epitope. Each simulation was extended for 5 ns. We studied the processes of water penetration in the interface between MHC and peptide, and identified 14 water molecules that stay bound for periods longer than 1 ns in regions previously identified by crystallography. These water molecules in the interface perform definite “tasks” contributing to the binding energy: hydrogen bond bridges between MHC and peptide and filling empty spaces in the groove which enhance affinity without contributing to epitope specificity. We calculate the binding energy for interfacial water molecules and find that there is an overall gain in free energy resulting from the formation of water clusters at the epitope–MHC interface. Water molecules serving the task of filling empty spaces bind at the interface with a net gain in entropy, relative to their entropy in bulk. We conclude that water molecules at the interface play the role of active mediators in the MHC–peptide interaction, and might be responsible for the large binding affinity of the MHC complex to a large number of epitope sequences. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAJOR histocompatibility complex
KW  - CELL organelles
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - entropy driven binding
KW  - ER, endoplasmic reticulum
KW  - Gaussian model
KW  - HC, heavy chain
KW  - hydration free energy
KW  - MSD, mean-square displacement
KW  - PC, principal components
KW  - principal component analysis
KW  - water coordination
N1  - Accession Number: 12739061; Petrone, Paula M. 1 Garcia, Angel E.; Email Address: angel@t10.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, T-10 MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 338 Issue 2, p419; Subject Term: MAJOR histocompatibility complex; Subject Term: CELL organelles; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: entropy driven binding; Author-Supplied Keyword: ER, endoplasmic reticulum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gaussian model; Author-Supplied Keyword: HC, heavy chain; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydration free energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: MSD, mean-square displacement; Author-Supplied Keyword: PC, principal components; Author-Supplied Keyword: principal component analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: water coordination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.02.039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timchalk, Charles
AU  - Poet, Torka S.
AU  - Kousba, Ahmed A.
AU  - Campbell, James A.
AU  - Lin, Yuehe
T1  - Noninvasive Biomonitoring Approaches to Determine Dosimetry and Risk Following Acute Chemical Exposure: Analysis of Lead or Organophosphate Insecticide in Saliva.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A
Y1  - 2004/04/23/
VL  - 67
IS  - 8-10
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
EP  - 650
SN  - 15287394
AB  - There is a need to develop approaches for assessing risk associated with acute exposures to a broad range of metals and chemical agents and to rapidly determine the potential implications to human health. Noninvasive biomonitoring approaches are being developed using reliable portable analytical systems to quantitate dosimetry utilizing readily obtainable body fluids, such as saliva. Saliva has been used to evaluate a broad range of biomarkers, drugs, and environmental contaminants, including heavy metals and pesticides. To advance the application of noninvasive biomonitoring a microfluidic/electrochemical device has also been developed for the analysis of lead (Pb), using square-wave anodic stripping voltametry. The system demonstrates a linear response over a broad concentration range (1-2000 ppb) and is capable of quantitating saliva Pb in rats orally administered acute doses of Pb acetate. Appropriate pharmacokinetic analyses have been used to quantitate systemic dosimetry based on determination of saliva Pb concentrations. In addition, saliva has recently been used to quantitate dosimetry following exposure to the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos in a rodent model system by measuring the major metabolite, trichloropyridinol, and saliva cholinesterase inhibition following acute exposures. These results suggest that technology developed for noninvasive biomonitoring can provide a sensitive and portable analytical tool capable of assessing exposure and risk in real-time. By coupling these noninvasive technologies with pharmacokinetic modeling it is feasible to rapidly quantitate acute exposure to a broad range of chemical agents. In summary, it is envisioned that once fully developed, these monitoring and modeling approaches will be useful for evaluating acute exposure and health risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL monitoring
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - INSECTICIDES -- Physiological effect
KW  - DOSAGE of drugs
KW  - ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds
KW  - LEAD -- Physiological effect
N1  - Accession Number: 12673745; Timchalk, Charles 1; Email Address: charles.timchalk@pnl.gov Poet, Torka S. 1 Kousba, Ahmed A. 1 Campbell, James A. 1 Lin, Yuehe 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 67 Issue 8-10, p635; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL monitoring; Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; Subject Term: INSECTICIDES -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: DOSAGE of drugs; Subject Term: ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds; Subject Term: LEAD -- Physiological effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fan, Hongyou
AU  - Yang, Kai
AU  - Boye, Dabniel M.
AU  - Sigmon, Thomas
AU  - Malloy, Kevin J.
AU  - Xu, Huifang
AU  - López, Gabriel P.
AU  - Brinker, C. Jeffrey
T1  - Self-Assembly of Ordered, Robust, Three-Dimensional GoldNanocrystal/Silica Arrays.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/23/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5670
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
EP  - 571
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report the synthesis of a new nanocrystal (NC) mesophase through self-assembly of water-soluble NC micelles with soluble silica. The mesophase comprises gold nanocrystals arranged within a silica matrix in a face-centered cubic lattice with cell dimensions that are adjustable through control of the nanocrystal diameter and/or the alkane chain lengths of the primary alkanethiol stabilizing ligands or the surrounding secondary surfactants. Under kinetically controlled silica polymerization conditions, evaporation drives self-assembly of NC micelles into ordered NC/silica thin-film mesophases during spin coating. The intermediate NC micelles are water soluble and of interest for biolabeling. Initial experiments on a metal-insulator-metal capacitor fabricated with an ordered three-dimensional gold nanocrystal/silica array as the "insulator" demonstrated collective Coulomb blockade behavior below 100 kelvin and established the current-voltage scaling relationship for a well-defined three-dimensional array of Coulomb islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - COLLOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 13054730; Fan, Hongyou 1,2; Email Address: hfan@sandia.gov Yang, Kai 3 Boye, Dabniel M. 4 Sigmon, Thomas 3 Malloy, Kevin J. 3 Xu, Huifang 2 López, Gabriel P. 2 Brinker, C. Jeffrey 1,2; Email Address: cjbrink@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Chemical Synthesis and Nanomaterials Department, Advanced Materials Laboratory, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.  2: The University of New Mexico/ NSF Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.  3: Center for High Technology Materials, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.  4: Physics Department, Davidson College, Davidson, NC 28035, USA.; Source Info: 4/23/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5670, p567; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3496
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Jianyu
AU  - Zhu, Yuntian T.
AU  - Alexander, David J.
AU  - Liao, Xiaozhou
AU  - Lowe, Terry C.
AU  - Asaro, Robert J.
T1  - Development of repetitive corrugation and straightening
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/04/25/
VL  - 371
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
SN  - 09215093
AB  - In this paper, we present recent developments in repetitive corrugation and straightening (RCS), a new severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique. Two refinements of the original RCS method are presented and results are shown for commercial purity copper that illustrate the associated improvements in the effectiveness of nanostructuring. Second-generation tooling was implemented using a bench scale rolling mill for continuous processing of sheet and bar. We have found that this design does not produce enough plastic strain per RCS cycle for effective grain refinement prior to the formation and growth of fatigue cracks. Third-generation tooling was designed to process sheet and increase the amount of shear deformation per iteration. The third-generation tooling design introduced significant shear strain and was found to be effective in grain refinement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - COPPER
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Copper
KW  - Grain refinement
KW  - RCS
KW  - SPD
N1  - Accession Number: 12837977; Huang, Jianyu 1; Email Address: jyhuang@lanl.gov Zhu, Yuntian T. 1 Alexander, David J. 1 Liao, Xiaozhou 1 Lowe, Terry C. 1 Asaro, Robert J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92903-0085, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 371 Issue 1/2, p35; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: RCS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00114-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allameh, S.M.
AU  - Lou, J.
AU  - Kavishe, F.
AU  - Buchheit, T.
AU  - Soboyejo, W.O.
T1  - An investigation of fatigue in LIGA Ni MEMS thin films
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/04/25/
VL  - 371
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
SN  - 09215093
AB  - This paper presents results of an experimental study of fatigue in LIGA Ni micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)/thin films produced by electroplating from a sulfamate bath at a current density of 50 mA/cm2. Following a brief description of microstructure and micro-tensile properties, the results of stress-life (S-N) experiments are presented for specimens with thicknesses of 70 and 270 μm. Specimens with the thicker cross-sections (270 μm thick) are shown to have comparable fatigue resistance to annealed bulk Ni in the as-plated condition. The thinner specimens (70 μm thick) have comparable fatigue resistance to hardened Ni, and better fatigue resistance than the thicker samples. The underlying fatigue fracture modes are elucidated via scanning electron microscopy. The implications of the results are then discussed for the failure analysis of LIGA Ni MEMS structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - Fatigue
KW  - Fracture modes
KW  - LIGA Ni MEMS
KW  - Stress-life experiments
N1  - Accession Number: 12838007; Allameh, S.M. 1 Lou, J. 1 Kavishe, F. 2 Buchheit, T. 3 Soboyejo, W.O. 1; Email Address: soboyejo@princeton.edu; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Metallurgy and Materials Science, Department of Production Engineering, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900 Eldoret, Kenya  3: Mechanical Reliability and Modeling Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, Mexico; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 371 Issue 1/2, p256; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture modes; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIGA Ni MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress-life experiments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.12.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stolyarov, V.V.
AU  - Shuster, L.Sh.
AU  - Migranov, M.Sh.
AU  - Valiev, R.Z.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
T1  - Reduction of friction coefficient of ultrafine-grained CP titanium
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/04/25/
VL  - 371
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Friction coefficient is an important material property that affects the performance and service life of structural components that slide against each other. The frictional force consists of an adhesion force and a deformation force, producing an adhesion component and a deformation component of the friction coefficient. In this study, we compare the adhesion components of ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti and coarse-grained (CG) Ti at temperatures from 25 to 800 °C and under a range of pressures. The UFG Ti samples were in two processing states: equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) for eight passes and <F>ECAP+further</F> cold rolling for 75% rolling strain. The experimental data indicate that ultrafine-grained structure results in lower adhesion component and consequently lower friction coefficient, which should in turn improve the wear property. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - ADHESION
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - Cold rolling
KW  - ECAP
KW  - Friction coefficient
KW  - Ti
KW  - UFG
N1  - Accession Number: 12838013; Stolyarov, V.V. 1 Shuster, L.Sh. 1 Migranov, M.Sh. 1 Valiev, R.Z. 1 Zhu, Y.T. 2; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa 450000, K. Marksa 12, Russia  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 371 Issue 1/2, p313; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: ADHESION; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cold rolling; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECAP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti; Author-Supplied Keyword: UFG; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.12.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mandal, Pranab
AU  - Thom, Andrew J.
AU  - Kramer, Matthew J.
AU  - Behrani, Vikas
AU  - Akinc, Mufit
T1  - Oxidation behavior of Mo–Si–B alloys in wet air
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/04/25/
VL  - 371
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The present work investigates the effect of water vapor on the oxidation behavior of Mo–Si–B phase assemblages. Three alloys were studied: Alloy 1: Mo5Si3Bx (T1)–MoSi2–MoB; Alloy 2: T1–Mo5SiB2 (T2)–Mo3Si and Alloy 3: Mo–T2–Mo3Si. Tests were conducted at 1000 and 1100 °C in controlled atmospheres of dry air and wet air nominally containing up to <F>2.0×104</F> Pa H2O. The effect of moisture on the oxidation behavior of Mo–Si–B alloys has been reported for the first time. The initial mass loss of each alloy was approximately independent of the test temperature and moisture content of the atmosphere and varied according to the Mo content of the alloys. All alloys formed a continuous external glassy scale that protected against further mass change after volatilization of the initially formed MoO3. Each alloy underwent a small steady state mass change following the initial volatilization of MoO3. All alloys formed varying amounts of subscale Mo and MoO2, implying that the external glassy scale significantly reduced inward transport of oxygen. For all alloys compared to dry air, water vapor accelerated the growth of the multiphase Mo and MoO2 interlayer at the scale/alloy interface. The role of water vapor on the initial formation of the scale and its stabilization has been qualitatively discussed and analyzed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MOISTURE
KW  - Molybdenum silicides
KW  - Oxidation behavior
KW  - Structural/microstructural characterization
KW  - Wet air
N1  - Accession Number: 12838016; Mandal, Pranab 1 Thom, Andrew J.; Email Address: ajthom@ameslab.gov Kramer, Matthew J. 1 Behrani, Vikas 1 Akinc, Mufit 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 371 Issue 1/2, p335; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MOISTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdenum silicides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural/microstructural characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wet air; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.12.025
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12838016&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chesnut, Gary N.
AU  - Streetman, Becky D.
AU  - Schiferl, David
AU  - Anderson, William W.
AU  - Nicol, Malcolm
AU  - Yue Meng
T1  - Static X-Ray Diffraction Study of Cerium: The Standard Approach & the Magic-Angle Approach.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 40
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Cerium, a member of the rare earth metals, has been studied up to 300 kilobars in a diamond-anvil cell using energy- and angular-dispersive x-ray diffraction with a synchrotron source. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the electronic and structural behavior of cerium and to examine the effects of deviatoric stress due to non-hydrostatic conditions within the sample environment. Using the standard sample orientation and data from various orientations, the effects of deviatoric stress are shown. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - BASTNAESITE
KW  - STATICS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14020165; Chesnut, Gary N. 1 Streetman, Becky D. 1 Schiferl, David 1 Anderson, William W. 1 Nicol, Malcolm 2 Yue Meng 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154  3: Argonne National Laboratory, HP-CAT, Argonne, Il 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: BASTNAESITE; Subject Term: STATICS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780178
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020165&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chisolm, Eric
AU  - Crockett, Scott
AU  - Wallace, Duane
T1  - Variation of Thermal and Cold Curve Contributions to Thermodynamic Functions along the Hugoniot.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 44
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have developed a technique for constructing two-phase EOS for simple metals using lattice dynamics, liquid dynamics, and electronic structure theory, and we have tested this technique by constructing an EOS for Aluminum valid up to compressions over two and temperatures up to five times melting temperature [Chisolm, Crockett, and Wallace, to appear in Phys. Rev. B]. Here we investigate the predictions of this EOS for the pressure, energy, and entropy along the Hugoniot up to roughly 5 Mbar, showing the relative contributions of the cold curve (T = 0 isotherm) and thermal part of the EOS to each function. We also comment on the possibility of taking data from different regions of the Hugoniot as tests of different terms in the EOS. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14020164; Chisolm, Eric 1 Crockett, Scott 1 Wallace, Duane 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780179
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020164&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crockett, Scott
AU  - Chisolm, Eric
AU  - Wallace, Duane
T1  - A Comparison of Theory and Experiment of the Bulk Sound Velocity in Aluminum Using a Two-Phase EOS.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
EP  - 48
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We compute the bulk sound speed along the Hugoniot using a new solid-liquid two-phase equation of state (EOS) for aluminum [Chisolm, Crockett, and Wallace, to appear in Phys. Rev. B] and compare with experimental sound speeds from various sources. The experiment extends from the crystal through the entire solid-liquid two-phase region. The EOS and data closely agree on where the Hugoniot passes through the two-phase region, which corresponds to where aluminum melts. The bulk sound speed in the crystal region is consistent with the data, given the uncertainty in the experimental procedure. We also estimate shear moduli by using the experimental longitudinal sound speed data and the calculated bulk modulus. The shear modulus satisfies the approximation GS/BS=constant, within experimental error bars, throughout the crystal region on the Hugoniot. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPEED
KW  - THEORY
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - LIGHT metals
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14020163; Crockett, Scott 1 Chisolm, Eric 1 Wallace, Duane 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p45; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: LIGHT metals; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780180
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020163&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foiles, S. M.
T1  - DFT Calculations of Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of Molten Sn: Zero-Pressure Isobar.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 60
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The dynamic compression of molten metals including Sn is of current interest. In particular, experiments on the compression of molten Sn by Davis and Hayes will be described at this conference. Supporting calculations of the equation of state and structure of molten Sn as a function of temperature and pressure are in progress. The calculations presented are ab initio molecular dynamics simulations based on electronic density functional theory within the local density approximation. The equation of state and liquid structure factors for zero pressure are compared with existing experimental results. The good agreement in this case provides validation of the calculations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - METALS
KW  - TIN
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14020160; Foiles, S. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque NM 87145; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: TIN; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: PRESSURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780183
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020160&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graf, Matthias J.
AU  - Greeff, Carl W.
AU  - Boettger, Jonathan C.
T1  - High-Pressure Debye-Waller and Grüneisen Parameters of Gold and Copper.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
EP  - 68
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The lattice vibrations are determined in the quasi-harmonic approximation for elemental Au and Cu to twice their normal density by first-principles electronic band-structure calculations. It is found for these materials that the important moments of the phonon density of states can be obtained to high accuracy from short-ranged force constant models. We discuss the implications for the Grüneisen parameters on the basis of calculated phonon moments and their approximations by using bulk moduli and Debye-Waller factors. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - GOLD
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - COPPER
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14020158; Graf, Matthias J. 1 Greeff, Carl W. 1 Boettger, Jonathan C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p65; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780185
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020158&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knudson, M. D.
AU  - Hanson, D. L.
AU  - Bailey, J. E.
AU  - Hall, C. A.
AU  - Deeney, C.
AU  - Asay, J. R.
T1  - Equation of State Measurements in Liquid Deuterium to 100 GPa.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
EP  - 86
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Using intense magnetic pressure, a method was developed to launch flyer plates to velocities in excess of 20 km/s. This technique was used to perform plate-impact, shock wave experiments on cryogenic liquid deuterium (LD2) to examine its high-pressure equation of state (EOS). Using an impedance matching method, Hugoniot measurements were obtained in the pressure range of 22–100 GPa. The results of these experiments disagree with previously reported Hugoniot measurements of LD2 in the pressure range above ∼40 GPa, but are in good agreement with first principles, ab-initio models for hydrogen and its isotopes. Additionally, a novel approach was developed using a wave reverberation technique to probe density compression of LD2 along the principal Hugoniot. Relative transit times of shock waves reverberating within the sample are shown to be sensitive to the compression due to the first shock. Results in the range of 22–75 GPa corroborate the ∼4 fold density compression inferred from the impedance matching Hugoniot measurements, and provide data to differentiate between proposed theories for hydrogen and its isotopes. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - MAGNETIC measurements
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14020154; Knudson, M. D. 1 Hanson, D. L. 1 Bailey, J. E. 1 Hall, C. A. 1 Deeney, C. 1 Asay, J. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NW 87185-1181; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p81; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC measurements; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780189
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020154&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheng-Nian Luo
AU  - Swift, Damian C.
AU  - Tierney, Thomas
AU  - Kaiwen Xia
AU  - Tschauner, Oliver
AU  - Asimow, Paul D.
T1  - Time-Resolved X-Ray Diffraction Investigation of Superheating-Melting of Crystals under Ultrafast Heating.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 98
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The maximum superheating of a solid prior to melting depends on the effective dimensionless nucleation energy barrier, heterogeneities such as free surfaces and defects, and heating rates. Superheating is rarely achieved with conventional slow heating due to the dominant effect of heterogeneous nucleation. In present work, we investigate the superheating-melting behavior of crystals utilizing ultrafast heating techniques such as exploding wire and laser irradiation, and diagnostics such as time-resolved X-ray diffraction combined with simultaneous measurements on voltage and current (for exploding wire) and particle velocity (for laser irradiation). Experimental designs and preliminary results are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - HEATING
N1  - Accession Number: 14020151; Sheng-Nian Luo 1 Swift, Damian C. 1 Tierney, Thomas 1 Kaiwen Xia 2 Tschauner, Oliver 3 Asimow, Paul D. 4; Affiliation:  1: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125  3: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154  4: GPS Division, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: HEATING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780192
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020151&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saumon, D.
AU  - Guillot, T.
T1  - Shock Compression of Deuterium at Mbar Pressures and the Interior of Jupiter.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
EP  - 118
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - It is of great interest to planetary science to understand how the current experimental uncertainty on the hydrogen EOS affects the inferred structure of Jupiter. In particular, the mass of a core of heavy elements (other than H and He) and the total amount and distribution of heavy elements are very sensitive to the EOS of hydrogen and constitute important clues to its formation process. We present a study of the range of structures allowed by the current uncertainty in the hydrogen EOS. We show that an improved experimental understanding of hydrogen at Mbar pressures is necessary to put firm limits on the internal structure of Jupiter. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 14020146; Saumon, D. 1 Guillot, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F699, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, BP 4229, 06304 Nice CEDEX 04, FRANCE; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p115; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780197
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020146&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swift, Damian
AU  - Paisley, Dennis
AU  - Knudson, Marcus
T1  - Equation of State Measurements for Beryllium in the ICF Capsule Regime.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 122
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The dynamic response of beryllium on nanosecond time scales is important for controlling symmetry during the implosion of the fuel capsule in inertial confinement fusion. Particularly important is the behavior up to about 200 GPa, covering the foot of the implosion drive. We have performed experiments to measure the equation of state (EOS) and flow stress of beryllium, and to investigate solid-solid phase transitions and melting, using flyer impact and isentropic compression by pulsed electromagnetic fields at Z, and shocks induced by direct laser irradiation at TRIDENT. The principal diagnostic was VISAR velocimetry; transient x-ray diffraction was also used on some TRIDENT experiments. The Hugoniot and isentrope data were consistent with previously-reported EOS. The flow stress was inferred from elastic precursor waves to be about 6 GPa in the (0001) direction on these time scales, with significant sensitivity to orientation. Possible evidence was observed of the hex-bcc transition and of melting. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
N1  - Accession Number: 14020145; Swift, Damian 1 Paisley, Dennis 1 Knudson, Marcus 2; Affiliation:  1: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p119; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780198
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020145&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Mashimo, T.
AU  - Fukuoka, K.
AU  - Kikuchi, M.
AU  - Sekine, T.
AU  - Kobayashi, T.
AU  - Chau, R.
AU  - Nellis, W. J.
T1  - Hugoniot-Measurement of GGG (Gd3Ga5O12) in the Pressure Range up to over 100 GPa.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 128
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Gadolinium gallium garnet (Gd3Ga5O12: GGG) is expected to have very high shock-impedance compared with sapphire (Al2O3), etc., and thus to be used as a potential new anvil material in shock reverberation experiments on hydrogen and other low-Z materials. In this study, the Hugoniot-measurement experiments were performed using both a powder gun and two-stage gas guns in the pressure range to 100 GPa by means of the inclined-mirror method. The HEL stress was measured to be larger than 30 GPa. A kink was observed on the Hugoniot in the pressure range higher than 60 GPa, which might be caused by structural phase transition or decomposition. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - GARNET
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020143; Zhang, Y. 1 Mashimo, T. 1 Fukuoka, K. 2 Kikuchi, M. 2 Sekine, T. 3 Kobayashi, T. 3 Chau, R. 4 Nellis, W. J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Shockwave and Condensed Matter Research Center, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860, Japan  2: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980, Japan  3: National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan  4: University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 EastAve., Livermore, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p127; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Subject Term: GARNET; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780200
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020143&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hare, D. E.
AU  - Reisman, D. B.
AU  - Garcia, F.
AU  - Green, L. G.
AU  - Forbes, J. W.
AU  - Furnish, M. D.
AU  - Hall, Clint
AU  - Hickman, R. J.
T1  - The Isentrope of Unreacted LX-04 to 170 kbar.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 148
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present new data on the unreacted approximate isentrope of the HMX-based explosive LX-04, measured to 170 kbar, using newly developed long pulse isentropic compression techniques at the Sandia National Laboratories Z Machine facility. This study extends in pressure by 70% the previous state of the art on unreacted LX-04 using this technique. This isentrope will give the unreacted Hugoniot from thermodynamic relations using a Gruneisen equation of state model. The unreacted Hugoniot of LX-04 is important in understanding the structure of the reaction front in the detonating explosive. We find that a Hugoniot given by US = 2.95 km/s + 1.69 uP yields for an isentrope a curve which fits our LX-04 ICE data well. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SANDIA National Laboratories
N1  - Accession Number: 14020139; Hare, D. E. 1 Reisman, D. B. 1 Garcia, F. 1 Green, L. G. 1 Forbes, J. W. 1 Furnish, M. D. 2 Hall, Clint 2 Hickman, R. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p145; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Company/Entity: SANDIA National Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780204
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020139&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sewell, Thomas D.
AU  - Menikoff, Ralph
T1  - Complete Equation of State for β-HMX and Implications for Initiation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 160
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A thermodynamically consistent equation of state for β-HMX, the stable ambient polymorph of HMX, is developed that fits isothermal compression data and the temperature dependence of the specific heat computed from molecular dynamics. The equation of state is used to assess hot-spot conditions that would result from hydrodynamic pore collapse in a shock-to-detonation transition. The hot-spot temperature is determined as a function of shock strength by solving two Riemann problems in sequence: first for the velocity and density of the jet formed when the shock overtakes the pore, and second for the stagnation state when the jet impacts the far side of the pore. For a shock pressure below 5 GPa, the stagnation temperature from the jet is below the melt temperature at ambient pressure and hence insufficient for rapid reaction. Consequently, for weak shocks a dissipation mechanism in addition to shock heating is needed to generate hot spots. When the stagnation temperature is sufficiently high for rapid reaction, the shock emanating from the hot spot is computed, assuming a constant volume burn. For initial shocks below 20 GPa, the temperature behind the second shock is below 1000 K and would not propagate a detonation wave. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020136; Sewell, Thomas D. 1 Menikoff, Ralph 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS-B214, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p157; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780207
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020136&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, Jean-Paul
AU  - Hayes, Dennis B.
T1  - Isentropic Compression Experiments on Dynamic Solidification in Tin.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 166
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Isentropic compression experiments were performed on molten tin (initial temperature 500–600 K), using the Sandia Z Accelerator to generate magnetically driven, planar ramp waves compressing the tin across the equilibrium liquid-solid phase boundary. Velocity interferometry measured time-resolved wave profiles at the tin/window interface. The experiments exhibit a departure from expected liquid response, time-dependent behavior above 8 GPa, and, at higher pressure, reduced wave speed relative to calculations using a nonequilibrium phase-mixture model. These phenomena may be due to a nonequilibrium solidification process, but verification of this conjecture will require further work. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium
KW  - CHEMICAL equilibrium
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020135; Davis, Jean-Paul 1 Hayes, Dennis B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p163; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium; Subject Term: CHEMICAL equilibrium; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780208
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020135&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheng-Nian Luo
AU  - Ahrens, Thomas J.
AU  - Swift, Damian C.
T1  - Melting at the Limit of Superheating.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
EP  - 175
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Theories on superheating-melting mostly involve vibrational and mechanical instabilities, catastrophes of entropy, volume and rigidity, and nucleation-based kinetic models. The maximum achievable superheating is dictated by nucleation process of melt in crystals, which in turn depends on material properties and heating rates. We have established the systematics for maximum superheating by incorporating a dimensionless nucleation barrier parameter and heating rate, with which systematic molecular dynamics simulations and dynamic experiments are consistent. Detailed microscopic investigation with large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of the superheating-melting process, and structure-resolved ultrafast dynamic experiments are necessary to establish the connection between the kinetic limit of superheating and vibrational and mechanical instabilities, and catastrophe theories. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERHEATERS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020133; Sheng-Nian Luo 1 Ahrens, Thomas J. 2 Swift, Damian C. 1; Affiliation:  1: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p172; Subject Term: SUPERHEATERS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780210
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020133&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samara, G. A.
T1  - From Ferroelectric to Quantum Paraelectric: KTa1-xNbxO3 (KTN), A Model System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 176
EP  - 179
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The mixed perovskite oxides KTa1-xNbxO3, or KTN, are a model system for studying ferroelectric behavior and phase transitions under pressure. Crystals with x > 0.1 exhibit ferroelectric soft-mode behavior and a sequence of phase transitions, while for x ≤ 0.02 a pressure-induced ferroelectric-to-relaxor crossover occurs. The system also exhibits a pressure-induced crossover from classical-to-quantum behavior ultimately leading to the complete suppression of the phase transition and the formation of a quantum paraelectric state. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - CRYSTALS -- Electric properties
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020132; Samara, G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p176; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: CRYSTALS -- Electric properties; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780211
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020132&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Setchell, R. E.
AU  - Tuttle, B. A.
AU  - Voigt, J. A.
T1  - Microstructural Effects on the Shock Response of PZT 95/5.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
EP  - 183
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Shock-induced depoling of the ferroelectric ceramic PZT 95/5 is utilized in pulsed power devices. The bulk density and corresponding porous microstructure can be varied by adding different types and quantities of organic pore formers prior to bisque firing and sintering. In previous studies, a baseline material having a particular microstructure was examined in detail. Comparative experiments with a second material having a common density but a very different porous microstructure showed only subtle differences in mechanical and electrical shock properties. However, large differences in these properties were observed using materials prepared over a range of bulk densities. Recent studies have examined three new materials that were prepared at a common density matching that of the baseline material. Each was made using spherical pore formers having diameters within a narrow range, with nominal diameters varying from 15 μm to 140 μm. Normally poled samples of each material were used in identical planar impact experiments that produced peak stresses of 2.5 GPa under high-field conditions, or 4.5 GPa under short-circuit conditions. Unlike previous comparisons of common-density materials, consistent trends were evident in depoling currents, wave rise times and amplitudes, and yielding thresholds. Overall differences between two of these materials and the baseline material were relatively small, but the material made with the smallest pore former showed significant differences. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - IRON metallurgy
N1  - Accession Number: 14020131; Setchell, R. E. 1 Tuttle, B. A. 1 Voigt, J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p180; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: SINTERING; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: IRON metallurgy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780212
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020131&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardenhagen, S. G.
AU  - Greening, D. R.
AU  - Roessig, K. M.
T1  - The Material Point Method and Simulation of Wave Propagation in Heterogeneous Media.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 192
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The mechanical response of polycrystalline materials, particularly under shock loading, is of significant interest in a variety of munitions and industrial applications. Homogeneous continuum models have been developed to describe material response, including Equation of State, strength, and reactive burn models. These models provide good estimates of bulk material response. However, there is little connection to underlying physics and, consequently, they cannot be applied far from their calibrated regime with confidence. Both explosives and metals have important structure at the (energetic or single crystal) grain scale. The anisotropic properties of the individual grains and the presence of interfaces result in the localization of energy during deformation. In explosives energy localization can lead to initiation under weak shock loading, and in metals to material ejecta under strong shock loading. To develop accurate, quantitative and predictive models it is imperative to develop a sound physical understanding of the grain-scale material response. Numerical simulations are performed to gain insight into grain-scale material response. The Generalized Interpolation Material Point Method family of numerical algorithms, selected for their robust treatment of large deformation problems and convenient framework for implementing material interface models, are reviewed. A three-dimensional simulation of wave propagation through a granular material indicates the scale and complexity of a representative grain-scale computation. Verification and validation calculations on model bimaterial systems indicate the minimum numerical algorithm complexity required for accurate simulation of wave propagation across material interfaces and demonstrate the importance of interfacial decohesion. Preliminary results are presented which predict energy localization at the grain boundary in a metallic bicrystal. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020130; Bardenhagen, S. G. 1 Greening, D. R. 2 Roessig, K. M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Group T­14, MS B214, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Group X­7, MS F699, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Fraunhofer Institut für Kurzzeit Dynamik, Ernst­Mach­Institute, 4 Eckerstrasse, D­79104 Freiburg; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p187; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780213
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020130&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greeff, C. W.
AU  - Rigg, P. A.
AU  - Knudson, M. D.
AU  - Hixson, R. S.
AU  - Gray III, G. T.
T1  - Modeling Dynamic Phase Transitions in Ti and Zr.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 212
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Both Ti and Zr exhibit phase transitions from the α (hcp) to the ω phase at pressures of a few GPa. In addition, the Hugoniot of Zr shows a second phase transition at 23 GPa. We have developed multi-phase equations of state for these metals based on ultrasonic, static compression, and shock data. The second transition in Zr is consistent with a phase diagram in which the high-temperature and high-pressure bcc phases are a single continuous phase. Time-resolved experiments using plate impact and continuous magnetic loading are compared to simulations to investigate the kinetics of these phase transitions. Strong kinetic effects are observed in the α - ω transition in both metals, with the dynamic phase transition observed at pressures well above the equilibrium phase boundary. Data on Zr samples of varied purity are consistent with a strong reduction of the transformation rate by impurities. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - ULTRASONICS
KW  - STATICS
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - EFFECT of high temperatures on metals
N1  - Accession Number: 14020125; Greeff, C. W. 1 Rigg, P. A. 1 Knudson, M. D. 2 Hixson, R. S. 1 Gray III, G. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p209; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: ULTRASONICS; Subject Term: STATICS; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: EFFECT of high temperatures on metals; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780218
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020125&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greening, D. R.
AU  - Koskelo, A.
T1  - Calculation of Grain Boundary Shock Interactions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 216
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - As part of a larger project into the interactions of shock with grain boundaries, calculations that show a localization of energy in some configurations were performed. The verification and prediction of these localizations become important, due to their role in the initiation of a variety of significant material process. The prototype problem is a single grain boundary, inclined to the direction of shock propagation, separating regions of differing orientation. The calculations are made with a finite volume code using a continuum material model with explicit elastic, and plastic anisotropy. The response of NiAl is simulated using material property data from published sources, and from new experiments performed as part of the over-all project. The localization is seen internally as a small region of higher pressure at the intersection of the shock and the grain boundary. At the breakout surface the localization becomes manifest in velocity and displacement excursions at the grain boundary. This surface phenomenon provides an observable that can be used, with planned experiments, to validate the predictive behavior of the model. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020124; Greening, D. R. 1 Koskelo, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Material Sciences Group, Applied Physics Division  2: Advanced Diagnostics and Instrumentation Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p213; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780219
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020124&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ivanov, Dmitriy S.
AU  - Zhigilei, Leonid V.
AU  - Bringa, Eduardo M.
AU  - De Koning, Maurice
AU  - Remington, Bruce A.
AU  - Caturla, Maria Jose
AU  - Pollaine, Stephen M.
T1  - Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shocks Including Electronic Heat Conduction and Electron-Phonon Coupling.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 228
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Shocks are often simulated using the classical molecular dynamics (MD) method in which the electrons are not included explicitly and the interatomic interaction is described by an effective potential. As a result, the fast electronic heat conduction in metals and the coupling between the lattice vibrations and the electronic degrees of freedom can not be represented. Under conditions of steep temperature gradients that can form near the shock front, however, the electronic heat conduction can play an important part in redistribution of the thermal energy in the shocked target. We present the first atomistic simulation of a shock propagation including the electronic heat conduction and electron-phonon coupling. The computational model is based on the two-temperature model (TTM) that describes the time evolution of the lattice and electron temperatures by two coupled non-linear differential equations. In the combined TTM-MD method, MD substitutes the TTM equation for the lattice temperature. Simulations are performed with both MD and TTM-MD models for an EAM Al target shocked at 300 kbar. The target includes a tilt grain boundary, which provides a region where shock heating is more pronounced and, therefore, the effect of the electronic heat conduction is expected to be more important. We find that the differences between the predictions of the MD and TTM-MD simulations are significantly smaller as compared to the hydrodynamics calculations performed at similar conditions with and without electronic heat conduction. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - EFFECT of high temperatures on metals
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14020121; Ivanov, Dmitriy S. 1 Zhigilei, Leonid V. 1 Bringa, Eduardo M. 2 De Koning, Maurice 2 Remington, Bruce A. 2 Caturla, Maria Jose 2 Pollaine, Stephen M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4745  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p225; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Subject Term: EFFECT of high temperatures on metals; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780222
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020121&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadau, K.
AU  - Germann, T. C.
AU  - Lomdahl, P. S.
AU  - Holian, B. L.
AU  - Cherne, F. J.
T1  - Atomistic Simulations of Shock-Induced Phase Transitions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 234
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report on large scale non-equilibrium atomistic simulations of shock-induced solid-solid phase transformations. As an example the α → ε transformation in iron and the A11 (GaI)→cI12 (GaII) transformation in gallium are discussed. The use of semi-empirical descriptions of the inter-atomic forces and today’s parallel computing resources allow for a quantitative comparison of the theoretically calculated data with the experimental results. The discussion will include the crystallographic orientation dependence on the transformation process in single crystals. Simulations containing several millions of iron atoms reveal that above a critical shock strength, many small close-packed grains nucleate in the shock-compressed bcc crystal. For shock waves in the [001] direction the initially small grains are growing on a picosecond time scale to form larger, energetically favored, grains. For the two other major crystallographic directions, here the annealing processes are slower and and have not finished within the time scales accessible with atomistic simulations (up to 50 ps). Furthermore, crystals shocked in [111] direction produce solitary waves ahead of the actual shock front. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SHOCK waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14020120; Kadau, K. 1 Germann, T. C. 1 Lomdahl, P. S. 1 Holian, B. L. 1 Cherne, F. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p229; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780223
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020120&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koskelo, A.
AU  - Greenfield, Scott
AU  - Greening, Doran
AU  - Swift, Damian
T1  - New Windows into Shocks at the Mesoscale.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 242
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper presents experimental observation and modeling of time dependent energy localization occurring when a shock propagates along and through a grain boundary. This work is part of a larger program of investigation of the effect of grain boundaries on shock propagation in materials. The project is initially focused on the simplest of materials: a bicrystal. Our study covers the effects of grain orientation, the grain boundary angle, the boundary region, shock properties and the interplay between these in determining the characteristics of shock propagation. Ultimately, we will use this information as a basis for incorporation into models of polycrystalline materials. Some of the physics found in polycrystals is absent, but the use of simple, well-defined samples allows thorough measurements to be made. Laser-based experiments and diagnostics are used throughout, permitting us to perform the many experiments required in an economical way. NiAl was chosen as a suitable anisotropic material; single crystal and bicrystal samples were prepared. The EOS and single-crystal elasticity were estimated with ab fere initio quantum mechanics. Laser flyer impact and direct drive experiments, coupled with line-imaging VISAR, were used to test and refine the EOS, and to measure crystal plasticity. Initial models of bicrystals under shock loading have been developed, shock experiments have been conducted on bicrystals and recovered samples have been analyzed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - CRYSTALLINE electric field
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020118; Koskelo, A. 1 Greenfield, Scott 1 Greening, Doran 2 Swift, Damian 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Diagnostics and Instrumentation Group, Chemistry Division  2: Material Sciences Group, Applied Physics Division  3: Plasma Physics Group, Physics Division Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p239; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE electric field; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780225
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020118&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reed, Evan J.
AU  - Fried, Laurence E.
AU  - Manaa, M. Riad
AU  - Joannopoulos, J. D.
T1  - A Method for Tractable Dynamical Studies of Single and Double Shock Compression.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 262
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new multi-scale simulation method is formulated for the study of shocked materials. The method combines molecular dynamics and the Euler equations for compressible flow. Treatment of the difficult problem of the spontaneous formation of multiple shock waves due to material instabilities is enabled with this approach. The method allows the molecular dynamics simulation of the system under dynamical shock conditions for orders of magnitude longer time periods than is possible using the popular non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) approach. An example calculation is given for a model potential for silicon in which a computational speedup of 105 is demonstrated. Results of these simulations are consistent with the recent experimental observation of an anomalously large elastic precursor on the nanosecond timescale. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020113; Reed, Evan J. 1 Fried, Laurence E. 2 Manaa, M. Riad 2 Joannopoulos, J. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p259; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780230
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020113&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherne, F. J.
AU  - Baskes, M. I.
AU  - Germann, T. C.
AU  - Ravelo, R. J.
AU  - Kadau, K.
T1  - Shock Hugoniot and Melt Curve for a Modified Embedded Atom Method Model of Gallium.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 284
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed on the complex material gallium using a literature modified embedded atom method (MEAM) potentials which reproduces the unusual behavior of this element. Both liquid and solid properties will be examined using the equilibrium MD “Hugoniostat” method and molecular statics. The calculated pressure dependence of the melt curve is found to agree well with experiment. The calculated Hugoniot is in reasonable agreement with the experimental Hugoniot EOS even better agreement can be obtained through a slight modification of the MEAM parameters. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
N1  - Accession Number: 14020108; Cherne, F. J. 1 Baskes, M. I. 1 Germann, T. C. 1 Ravelo, R. J. 1,2 Kadau, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Department of Physics, University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p281; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780235
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020108&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Germann, Timothy C.
AU  - Hammerberg, James E.
AU  - Holian, Brad Lee
T1  - Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ejecta Formation in Copper.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 288
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the ejection of matter which takes place when a planar shock wave encounters a free surface. We will focus on Cu fcc single crystals, using an empirical embedded-atom method interatomic potential, and present results for the ejecta mass dependence on shock strength, as well as size and velocity distributions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - FREE surfaces (Crystallography)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - MATTER
N1  - Accession Number: 14020107; Germann, Timothy C. 1 Hammerberg, James E. 1 Holian, Brad Lee 2; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p285; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: FREE surfaces (Crystallography); Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: MATTER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780236
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020107&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kress, J. D.
AU  - Mazevet, S.
AU  - Collins, L. A.
AU  - Blottiau, P.
T1  - Quantum Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shocked Molecular Liquids.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 292
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Using Quantum Molecular Dynamics, we study the dissociation of nitrogen oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) along both the principal and reshocked Hugoniots. We obtain good agreement with experimental data in terms of pressure and density. As the molecules dissociate at high pressure and temperatures, we characterize the myriad of species that form. As NO dissociates along both the principal and reshocked Hugoniot, a significant amount of molecular nitrogen forms. As CO dissociates along the principal Hugoniot, first at low pressures, CO2 forms and large particles form (both polymer chains and rings) that contain both carbon and oxygen. At higher pressures (above 30 GPa), the CO2 dissociates and the particles breakup and form a mixture of CO, atomic carbon, and small transient clusters with lifetimes less than a typical molecular vibrational period. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 14020106; Kress, J. D. 1 Mazevet, S. 1 Collins, L. A. 1 Blottiau, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: CEA, BP12 F91680, Bruyeres Le Chatel, France; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p289; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780237
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020106&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazevet, S.
AU  - Kress, J. D.
AU  - Magee, N. H.
AU  - Keady, J. J.
AU  - Collins, L. A.
T1  - Quantum Molecular Dynamics Calculations of Rosseland Mean Opacities.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 297
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We show that Quantum Molecular Dynamics provides a powerful tool to extend and benchmark current opacity libraries into the complex regime of warm dense matter. In this regime, the medium can be constituted of electrons, protons, atoms and molecules, while plasma and many body effects can not be treated as perturbations. Among the most notable features of this new approach for calculating Rosseland mean opacities is the ability to obtain a consistent set of material, optical and electrical properties for various mixtures from the same simulation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020105; Mazevet, S. 1 Kress, J. D. 1 Magee, N. H. 1 Keady, J. J. 1 Collins, L. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p293; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780238
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020105&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patel, Mehul V.
AU  - Streitz, Frederick H.
T1  - Simulations of Rapid Pressure-Induced Solidification in Molten Metals.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 298
EP  - 301
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The process of interest in this study is the solidification of a molten metal subjected to rapid pressurization. Most details about solidification occurring when the liquid-solid coexistence line is suddenly transversed along the pressure axis remain unknown. We present preliminary results from an ongoing study of this process for both simple models of metals (Cu) and more sophisticated material models (MGPT potentials for Ta). Atomistic (molecular dynamics) simulations are used to extract details such as the time and length scales that govern these processes. Starting with relatively simple potential models, we demonstrate how molecular dynamics can be used to study solidification. Local and global order parameters that aid in characterizing the phase have been identified, and the dependence of the solidification time on the phase space distance between the final (P,T) state and the coexistence line has been characterized. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - PHASE space (Statistical physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020104; Patel, Mehul V. 1 Streitz, Frederick H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-045, 7000 East Ave, Livermore CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p298; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: PHASE space (Statistical physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780239
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020104&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chitanvis, Shirish M.
T1  - Hotspot Mechanisms in Shock-Melted Explosives.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 322
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This report is a review of various initiation mechanisms in shock-melted explosives. This paper focuses on pre-ignition phenomena which cause a local temperature rise when a single void in HMX collapses under the action of a shock wave. Working in the melting regime, a timeline can be associated with the collapse of a single void, through a consideration of the time scales on which these mechanisms are activated. We have studied the hydrodynamic mechanism, in which the shock driven incident side of the void impinges on the shadow side of the void, and is brought to rest, causing a considerable temperature rise in the HMX. Clearly this mechanism comes into consideration after the void collapses completely. Another mechanism we studied is that of shear heating. It is important for extremely small voids, or for large voids after the void has been compressed to a sufficiently small scale. This mechanism comes into play after the void has collapsed, and a remnants of the void have been spun off into a vortex. The phenomenon of gas compression as the gas-filled void collapses is difficult to ignore, in view of the fact that large temperatures are generated by this mechanism. We speculate that this mechanism could be important if the initial, endothermic induction step in a reaction scheme is shorter than the time of collapse. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - HEATING
KW  - INDUCTION heating
N1  - Accession Number: 14020100; Chitanvis, Shirish M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p319; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: INDUCTION heating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780243
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020100&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fried, Laurence E.
AU  - Reed, Evan J.
AU  - Manaa, M. Riad
T1  - Simulations of Fluid Nitromethane under Extreme Conditions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 330
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report density functional molecular dynamics simulations to determine the early chemical events of hot (T = 3000 K) and dense (1.97 g/cm3, V/V0 = 0.68) nitromethane (CH3NO2). The first step in the decomposition process is an intermolecular proton abstraction mechanism that leads to the formation of CH3NO2H and the aci ion H2CNO2-, in support of evidence from static high-pressure and shock experiments. An intramolecular hydrogen transfer that transforms nitromethane into the aci acid form, CH2NO2H, accompanies this event. This is the first confirmation of chemical reactivity with bond selectivity for an energetic material near the condition of fully reacted specimen. We also report the decomposition mechanism followed up to the formation of H2O as the first stable product. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - NITROMETHANE
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - INTERMOLECULAR forces
KW  - SHOCK waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14020098; Fried, Laurence E. 1 Reed, Evan J. 2 Manaa, M. Riad 1; Affiliation:  1: L-282, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p327; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: NITROMETHANE; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: INTERMOLECULAR forces; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780245
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020098&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamate, Y.
AU  - Horie, Y.
T1  - A Statistical Approach on Mechanistic Modeling of High-Explosive Ignition.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 338
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper presents the development of a mechanistic reactive burn model for solid explosives through use of a size distribution function for hotspots. The model couples the unifying hot-spot model developed earlier and the Lagrangian hydrodynamic flow equations. The hot-spot model incorporates key features of energy localization without introducing the mechanism-specific traits and is applicable to the three primary mechanisms of energy localization: pore collapse, friction. and shear banding. The coupling of the model to the hydrodynamic flow equations include models for energy localization, the growth of hot spots, and a two-phase aggregation of distributed hot spots, and a mixing rule for a product gas and a reacting solid. Proof-of-concept calculations for shock initiation are carried out in one spatial dimension, using RDX as a model material. Results include (1) shock ignition and growth-to-detonation, and (2) quenching. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - MATERIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020096; Hamate, Y. 1 Horie, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p335; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: MATERIALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780247
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020096&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heuzé, O.
AU  - Martinez, E.
AU  - Szarzynski, S.
AU  - Mulford, R.
AU  - Swift, D. C.
T1  - Reactive Flow in Nitromethane Using the CW2 Equation of State.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 342
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The CW2 Equation of State (EoS) has been found to reproduce equilibrium chemistry predictions of thermodynamic states in the reaction products of explosives, and is also capable of representing unreacted material. Partially-reacted mixtures can then be represented by interpolating parameters in the EoS. Here we present CW2 EoS for nitromethane, unreacted and products. Reaction rate parameters in a two-step Arrhenius model were calibrated to reproduce single-shock initiation properties. Predictions were then made of initiation from a reflected shock, and compared with recent experimental data. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - NITROMETHANE
KW  - ARRHENIUS equation
N1  - Accession Number: 14020095; Heuzé, O. 1 Martinez, E. 1 Szarzynski, S. 1 Mulford, R. 2 Swift, D. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: CEA/DIF, B.P.I2, 91680Bruyeres-le-Chdtel, France  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p339; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: NITROMETHANE; Subject Term: ARRHENIUS equation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780248
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020095&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howe, Philip M.
AU  - Benson, David J.
T1  - Progress in the Development of a Shock Initiation Model.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 346
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We used an Eulerian hydrocode to guide the development of an engineering model of shock initiation. The model in its current form has two types of hotspots- one from void collapse, and one from interactions at grain boundaries. The dependence of hotspot and bulk temperatures upon shock strength is estimated using a Gruneisen equation of state for the bulk solid, calibrated against measurements of reaction times for steady state detonation. Arrhenius kinetics are used to predict ignition times associated with hotspot temperatures. The hotspots contribute a small amount of energy to the shock front, thereby causing some shock front acceleration, and also serve to initiate erosive burning. The two erosive burn reactions that result from the two different types of hotspots compete to consume the material. The energy release rate resulting from the competition of these reactions was used as input to a method of characteristics code. This in turn was used to calculate particle velocity — time profiles at various simulated gauge locations. These calculated profiles were compared with experiment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINEERING models
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - ARRHENIUS equation
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020094; Howe, Philip M. 1 Benson, David J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Univ. of Calif. San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p343; Subject Term: ENGINEERING models; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: BULK solids; Subject Term: ARRHENIUS equation; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780249
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020094&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, J. N.
AU  - Dolan, D. H.
AU  - Howe, P. M.
T1  - EOS of Mixtures: Phase Transformation and Explosive Reaction.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 350
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Mixture equations of state are developed to model the freezing of water to ice VII, and the transformation of solid explosive reactants to gaseous reaction products. In each case there is a single reaction variable, w, the mass fraction of the initial phase, that proceeds from unity (initial phase, i=1) to zero (second phase, i=2). Common temperature and pressure between the two phases is assumed. Each phase is also assumed to be represented in terms of pi(Vi,T) and ei(Vi,T), where pi, Vi, T, and ei are the pressure, specific volume, temperature, and specific internal energy, respectively. Three independent equations are formed: (1) p1 = p2; (2) wV1 + (1-w)V2 = V; and (3) we1 + (1-w)e2 = e. These equations determine V1, V2, and T given the total specific volume V, the total specific internal energy e, and w. Three specific forms for pi(Vi,T) and ei(Vi,T) are used. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MIXTURES
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - ICE
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14020093; Johnson, J. N. 1 Dolan, D. H. 1 Howe, P. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p347; Subject Term: MIXTURES; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: ICE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PRESSURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312110 Soft drink and ice manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312113 Ice Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780250
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020093&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaneshige, M. J.
AU  - Renlund, A. M.
AU  - Schmitt, R. G.
AU  - Erikson, W. W.
T1  - Development of Scalable Cook-Off Models Using Real-Time In Situ Measurements.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
EP  - 354
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Scalable thermal runaway models for cook-off of energetic materials (EMs) require realistic temperature- and pressure-dependent chemical reaction rates. The Sandia Instrumented Thermal Ignition apparatus was developed to provide in situ small-scale test data that address this model requirement. Spatially and temporally resolved internal temperature measurements have provided new insight into the energetic reactions occurring in PBX 9501, LX-10-2, and PBXN-109. The data have shown previously postulated reaction steps to be incorrect and suggest previously unknown reaction steps. Model adjustments based on these data have resulted in better predictions at a range of scales. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - SMALL scale system
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020092; Kaneshige, M. J. 1 Renlund, A. M. 1 Schmitt, R. G. 1 Erikson, W. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p351; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: SMALL scale system; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780251
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020092&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Libersky, L. D.
AU  - Randles, P. W.
AU  - Bourne, Neil
AU  - Vignjevic, Rade
T1  - Simulation of Void Collapse in Ammonium Nitrate Using a Meshfree Lagrangian Particle Method.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 374
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A meshfree Lagrangian particle code is used to simulate void collapse in Ammonium Nitrate. A 4.3 GPa shock is introduced into the emulsion through impact with a PMMA flyer traveling at 2 mm/μs. The jet created by the shock-induced void collapse is examined, and the temperature in the region where the jet impacts the opposite side of the void is estimated. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESHFREE methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - AMMONIUM nitrate
KW  - EMULSIONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020087; Libersky, L. D. 1 Randles, P. W. 2 Bourne, Neil 3 Vignjevic, Rade 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117  3: Royal Military College of Science, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, Swindon, SN6 8LA, UK  4: Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 OAL UK; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p371; Subject Term: MESHFREE methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: AMMONIUM nitrate; Subject Term: EMULSIONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780256
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020087&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mas, E. M.
AU  - Clements, B. E.
AU  - George, D. C.
T1  - Direct Numerical Simulations of PBX 9501.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
EP  - 392
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have explicitly gridded HMX crystals in PBX 9501 from 25 μm in diameter up to ∼.5 mm. We used HMX particle size distributions found in the literature to determine the relative numbers of different sized particulates. We applied our modified Mori-Tanaka theory to model the smaller crystals embedded in the plasticized estane binder (the dirty-binder). This model was modified to accommodate the large amount of HMX in the dirty binder. We then subjected the ∼1 million element PBX 9501 realization to boundary conditions commensurate with a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar experiment. We compare results to experiment and a micro-mechanical model we have reported on earlier. We also discuss the information which can be extracted from these direct numerical simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIOACTIVE aerosols
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - NUCLEAR forces (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020082; Mas, E. M. 1 Clements, B. E. 1 George, D. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: (T-1) Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p389; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE aerosols; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR forces (Physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780260
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020082&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Menikoff, Ralph
T1  - Pore Collapse and Hot Spots in HMX.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
EP  - 396
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Hot spots are critical for initation of explosives because reaction rates are very temperature sensitive. For a plastic-bonded explosive, shock desensitization experiments imply that hot spots generated by pore collapse dominate shock initiation. Here, for the collapse of a single pore driven by a shock, the dependence of the temperature distribution on numerical resolution and dissipative mechanism is investigated. An inert material (with the constitutive properties of HMX) is used to better focus on the mechanics of pore collapse. Two important findings result from this study. First, insufficient resolution can significantly overpredict the hot-spot mass. Second, up to moderate piston velocities (< 1 km/s), shock dissipation alone does not generate sufficient hot-spot mass for initiation. Two other dissipative mechanisms investigated are plastic work and viscous heating. In the cases studied, the integrated temperature distribution has a power-law tail with exponent related to a parameter with dimensions of viscosity. The parameter of either dissipative mechanism can be fit to obtain the hot-spot mass needed for initiation of any single experiment. However, the dissipative mechanisms scale differently with shock strength and pore size. Consequently, to predict initiation behavior over a range of stimuli and as the micro-structure properties of a PBX are varied, sufficient numerical resolution and the correct physical dissipative mechanism are essential. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - RADIO sources (Astronomy)
KW  - PISTONS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14020081; Menikoff, Ralph 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS-B214, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p393; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: RADIO sources (Astronomy); Subject Term: PISTONS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780261
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020081&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nichols III, Albert L.
AU  - Tarver, Craig M.
AU  - McGuire, Estella M.
T1  - ALE3D Statistical Hot Spot Model Results for LX-17.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 397
EP  - 400
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Statistical Hot Spot shock initiation and detonation reactive flow model for solid explosives in the ALE3D hydrodynamic computer code provides physically realistic descriptions of: hot spot formation; ignition (or failure to ignite); growth of reaction (or failure to grow) into surrounding particles; coalescence of reacting hot spots; transition to detonation; and self-sustaining detonation. The model has already successfully modeled several processes in HMX-based explosives, such as shock desensitization, that can not predicted by other reactive flow models. In this paper, the Statistical Hot Spot model is applied to experimental shock initiation data on the insensitive triaminotrintrobenzene (TATB) based explosive LX-17. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - DESENSITIZATION (Psychotherapy)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14020080; Nichols III, Albert L. 1 Tarver, Craig M. 1 McGuire, Estella M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, L-282, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p397; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: DESENSITIZATION (Psychotherapy); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780262
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020080&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reaugh, John E.
T1  - Computer Simulations to Study the High-Pressure Deflagration of HMX.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 404
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The accepted micro-mechanical picture of the build-up of detonation in solid explosives from a shock is that imperfections are a source of hot spots. The hot spots ignite and link up in the reaction zone by high-pressure deflagration. Although the deflagration is subsonic, there are so many ignition sites that the pressure build-up is rapid enough to strengthen the initial shock. Quantitative advances in this research require a detailed understanding of deflagration at the high pressure, 1 to 50 GPa, which is present in the reaction zone. We performed direct numerical simulations of high-pressure deflagrations using a simplified global (3-reaction) chemical kinetics scheme. We used ALE-3D to calculate coupled chemical reactions, heat transfer, and hydrodynamic flow for finite-difference zones comprising a mixture of reactants and products at pressure and temperature equilibrium. The speed of isobaric deflagrations depends on the pressure and initial temperature. We show how this dependence changes with kinetic parameters, including the order of the last reaction step and the heat of formation of the species formed, relative to the reactant. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020079; Reaugh, John E. 1; Affiliation:  1: HE and Organics Group, Physics and Applied Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p401; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780263
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020079&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shaw, M. Sam
T1  - Direct Simulation of Detonation Products Equation of State.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
EP  - 412
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Theoretical calculations are made for the equilibrium detonation products equation of state using a Composite Monte Carlo method. In this study the method is extended to include small (∼2nm) diamond clusters and to allow for surface chemistry of the groups that cap dangling bonds. An analytic representation of the Gibbs free energy of the cluster as a function of surface composition is incorporated in a fashion similar to that used for internal degrees of freedom for molecules. Bulk carbon phases are incorporated as analytic terms while the molecular fluid mixture is explicitly included in the Monte Carlo simulation. Starting from a very general partition function, equilibrium chemical composition results from a correlated interchange of atoms between species, whether fluid, bulk, cluster, or cluster surface group. Also allowed is fluid-fluid phase separation from terms that reduce to the Gibbs ensemble as a special case. Hugoniots and detonation velocities are determined from interpolation of tabulated equation of state results. Quantum calculations are in progress to better characterize the diamond clusters, surface groups, and their interactions with the molecular fluid. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - DETONATORS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020077; Shaw, M. Sam 1; Affiliation:  1: Group T-14, MS B214, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p409; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: DETONATORS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780265
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020077&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valone, S. M.
T1  - Particle-Velocity Dependent Rate Constants from Transition-State Theory.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 420
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Shock loading activates complex kinetic processes, including detonations, deformations, fracture, spall, and phase transformations. Many practical rate models have succeeded as fitting forms; they have limited predictive capabilities. One route to greater predictability may be to revise contemporary theories of activated rate processes to depend explicitly on properties of the shock environment. The rate model presented here depends on the projection of the particle velocity along a reaction coordinate (or order parameter or slip system depending on the context) describing the transformation process. The model is able to fit both thermal- and shock-activated PETN and nitromethane (NM) barriers in a physically sensible way. The model behaves qualitatively correctly to account for the difference in two NM shock experiments. The model predicts hypersensitivity to dispersion in the particle velocity distribution as it projects onto a reaction coordinate. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - SPEED
KW  - NITROMETHANE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020075; Valone, S. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p417; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: NITROMETHANE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780267
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020075&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jin Yao
T1  - A Fast Three-Dimensional Lighting Time Algorithm.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
EP  - 424
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A narrow band level-set method to calculate the physical lighting time in three dimensions has been implemented with arbitrary hexahedral element systems. This method does not involve finite difference calculation of spatial derivatives. Mesh regularity, and the local topologic equivalence to a regular mesh are not required. The lighting surface is represented by a collection of curved facets contained in partially burnt cells. Level-set functions are calculated by direct measurement of distance to the lighting surface, and are carried only for nodes of a set of elements in a narrow band that covers the lighting surface. In the case of a concave boundary, the nodal distances are calculated with geodesics. A polynomial fitting of nodal level-set values across elements provides third-order spatial accuracy where the surface is sufficiently smooth. The DSD (Detonation Shock Dynamics) level-set equation is integrated directly in the normal direction. The new algorithm is self-initialized and allows easy boundary treatment with body fitting meshes. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHTING
KW  - DIMENSIONS
KW  - GEODESICS (Mathematics)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020074; Jin Yao 1; Affiliation:  1: Scientific B-Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p421; Subject Term: LIGHTING; Subject Term: DIMENSIONS; Subject Term: GEODESICS (Mathematics); Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335129 Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780268
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoh, Jack J.
AU  - McClelland, Matthew A.
T1  - Simulating the Thermal Response of High Explosives on Time Scales of Days to Microseconds.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 428
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present an overview of computational techniques for simulating the thermal cookoff of high explosives using a multi-physics hydrodynamics code, ALE3D. Recent improvements to the code have aided our computational capability in modeling the response of energetic materials systems exposed to extreme thermal environments, such as fires. We consider an idealized model process for a confined explosive involving the transition from slow heating to rapid deflagration in which the time scale changes from days to hundreds of microseconds. The heating stage involves thermal expansion and decomposition according to an Arrhenius kinetics model while a pressure-dependent burn model is employed during the explosive phase. We describe and demonstrate the numerical strategies employed to make the transition from slow to fast dynamics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020073; Yoh, Jack J. 1 McClelland, Matthew A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energetic Materials Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p425; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780269
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020073&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clements, B. E.
AU  - Mas, E. M.
AU  - Maudlin, P. J.
T1  - Developments Toward a Continuum-Level Non-Spherical Void Growth Model Using a Micro-Mechanics Basis.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
EP  - 446
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A phenomenological damage model, based on a successful theory of Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM), has been investigated for the goal of developing a predictive non-spherical void growth model. Using Green’s functions, validated against standard Eshelby analysis, which provides reliable solutions for the growth of non-spherical voids, we attempt to verify several common assumptions of CDM. Non-spherical void growth has been observed in various steels for which we use HY-100 steel as our test system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTINUUM damage mechanics
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - SPHERES
KW  - STEEL
KW  - PHENOMENOLOGY
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14020069; Clements, B. E. 1 Mas, E. M. 1 Maudlin, P. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p443; Subject Term: CONTINUUM damage mechanics; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: SPHERES; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: PHENOMENOLOGY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780273
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020069&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dienes, J. K.
AU  - Middleditch, J.
AU  - Zuo, Q. H.
AU  - Kershner, J. D.
T1  - On the Role of Crack Orientation in Brittle Failure.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 450
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Many materials contain a large number of microcracks that can propagate under sufficiently high stress, but their stability is sensitive to crack orientation. We have explored this sensitivity using classical fracture mechanics with the added feature that interfacial friction is accounted for in the behavior of compression cracks. Our analysis shows that four types of unstable crack growth are possible for a penny-shaped crack under a general state of stress, depending on crack orientation: opening without shear, mixed opening and shear, pure shear without friction, and shear with interfacial friction. In addition, interfacial friction prevents crack growth at all stress intensities in a certain range of compressive stress. It will be shown that these analytic results are captured by the SCRAM brittle-failure algorithm, and that friction strongly affects the orientation of the most unstable shear crack as well as the range of unstable orientations. A second study examines the variations in material response as a function of the number of orientations represented. This is done by computing the dynamic response of an axisymmetric thick ring to internal pressure. With the traditional 9 crack orientations the fluctuation in porosity is about 28%, while with 480 orientations the fluctuation drops to just over 2%. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14020068; Dienes, J. K. 1 Middleditch, J. 1 Zuo, Q. H. 1 Kershner, J. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p447; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780274
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020068&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray III, G. T.
AU  - Bourne, N. K.
AU  - Millett, J. C. F.
AU  - Lopez, M. F.
T1  - Influence of Shock-Wave Profile Shape (“Taylor-Wave” versus Square-Topped) on the Shock-Hardening and Spallation Response of 316L Stainless Steel.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
EP  - 464
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - While much has been learned over the past five decades concerning shock hardening and the spallation response of materials shock-loaded using “square-topped” shock profiles, achieved via flyer plate loading, considerably less quantitative information is known concerning direct in-contact HE-driven or triangular-wave loading profile shock prestraining on metals and alloys. In this paper the influence of shock-wave profile, using both “square-topped” and triangular-wave pulses, on the shock hardening and spallation response of 316L stainless steel is presented. The shock hardening in 316L SS, using a triangular-shaped pulse and square-topped pulse (pulse duration of 0.75 μsec) to a peak shock pressure of 6.6 GPa was found to be reasonably similar. Square-wave loading at 6.6 GPa is observed to result in incipient spallation in 316L SS while triangular-wave loading to an equivalent peak stress is quantified to exhibit no wave-profile “pull-back” nor damage evolution. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14020065; Gray III, G. T. 1 Bourne, N. K. 2 Millett, J. C. F. 2 Lopez, M. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM87545  2: Defense Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, Swindon, SN6 8LA, UK; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p461; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780277
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020065&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hixson, R. S.
AU  - Gray, G. T.
AU  - Rigg, P. A.
AU  - Addessio, L. B.
AU  - Yablinsky, C. A.
T1  - Dynamic Damage Investigations Using Triangular Waves.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
EP  - 472
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Many experimental investigations of dynamic damage (spall) have been done using gun-driven flat top shock waves to generate release waves that interact and cause tension. Such localized tensile pulses can cause damage to occur, and may cause the target to separate into two pieces. Metals that are subjected to shock loading as a result of being in contact with a detonating high explosive are well known to exhibit a triangular (‘Taylor-wave’) loading/unloading profile. When such a triangular wave reaches a free surface the lead shock is reflected as a release, interacts with the Taylor wave, and causes a tensile wave of increasing negative amplitude to propagate back into the sample. We describe here new experiments done to investigate the damage process for both flat top and triangular wave dynamic damage experiments. Both time-resolved free surface velocity results and post-experiment metallurgical examination of copper samples are described. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - SPEED
KW  - METALLURGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14020063; Hixson, R. S. 1 Gray, G. T. 1 Rigg, P. A. 1 Addessio, L. B. 1 Yablinsky, C. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p469; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: METALLURGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780279
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020063&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holtkamp, D. B.
AU  - Clark, D. A.
AU  - Crain, M. D.
AU  - Furnish, M. D.
AU  - Gallegos, C. H.
AU  - Garcia, I. A.
AU  - Hammon, D. L.
AU  - Hemsing, W. F.
AU  - Shinas, M. A.
AU  - Thomas, K. A.
T1  - Development of a Non-Radiographic Spall and Damage Diagnostic.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 476
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new, non-radiographic diagnostic has been developed that appears to provide information on multiple spall and damage layers in metals. The velocities of multiple layers (up to 5 in copper) can be determined using this method, with additional information possible on damaged material between layers at densities less than the bulk metal value. Metals that are melted on release (tin) also seem to exhibit a distinctive signature that is quite different from conventional multi-layer spall. Experimental results on these metals and proton radiographs confirming these results are also presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - SPEED
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14020062; Holtkamp, D. B. 1 Clark, D. A. 1 Crain, M. D. 2 Furnish, M. D. 3 Gallegos, C. H. 2 Garcia, I. A. 1 Hammon, D. L. 1 Hemsing, W. F. 1 Shinas, M. A. 1 Thomas, K. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Bechtel Nevada, Los Alamos NM 87544  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p473; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780280
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020062&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holtkamp, D. B.
AU  - Clark, D. A.
AU  - Ferm, E. N.
AU  - Gallegos, R. A.
AU  - Hammon, D.
AU  - Hemsing, W. F.
AU  - Hogan, G. E.
AU  - Holmes, V. H.
AU  - King, N. S. P.
AU  - Liljestrand, R.
AU  - Lopez, R. P.
AU  - Merrill, F. E.
AU  - Morris, C. L.
AU  - Morley, K. B.
AU  - Murray, M. M.
AU  - Pazuchanics, P. D.
AU  - Prestridge, K. P.
AU  - Quintana, J. P.
AU  - Saunders, A.
AU  - Schafer, T.
T1  - A Survey of High Explosive-Induced Damage and Spall in Selected Metals Using Proton Radiography.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
EP  - 482
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Multiple spall and damage layers can be created in metal when the free surface reflects a Taylor wave generated by high explosives. These phenomena have been explored in different thicknesses of several metals (tantalum, copper, 6061 T6-aluminum, and tin) using high-energy proton radiography. Multiple images (up to 21) can be produced of the dynamic evolution of damaged material on the microsecond time scale with a <50 ns “shutter” time. Movies and multiframe still images of areal and (Abel inverted) volume densities are presented. An example of material that is likely melted on release (tin) is also presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FREE surfaces (Crystallography)
KW  - METALS
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020061; Holtkamp, D. B. 1 Clark, D. A. 1 Ferm, E. N. 1 Gallegos, R. A. 1 Hammon, D. 1 Hemsing, W. F. 1 Hogan, G. E. 1 Holmes, V. H. 1 King, N. S. P. 1 Liljestrand, R. 1,2 Lopez, R. P. 1 Merrill, F. E. 1 Morris, C. L. 1 Morley, K. B. 1 Murray, M. M. 1 Pazuchanics, P. D. 1 Prestridge, K. P. 1 Quintana, J. P. 1 Saunders, A. 1 Schafer, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Bechtel Nevada, Los Alamos NM 87544; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p477; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FREE surfaces (Crystallography); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780281
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020061&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCluskey, Craig W.
AU  - Wilke, Mark D.
AU  - Anderson, William W.
AU  - Byers, Mark E.
AU  - Holtkamp, David. B.
AU  - Rigg, Paulo A.
AU  - Furnish, Michael D.
AU  - Romero, Vincent T.
T1  - Discrete Layer Verification of the LiF Window Spall Diagnostic.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
EP  - 486
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recently, LiF windows suspended close to the surface have been employed as a non-radiographic spall diagnostic. Calibration has typically used HE to shock metals to produce spall layers. Because the exact characteristics of these layers cannot be pre-determined, we are using a gas gun to test the accuracy and repeatability of the diagnostic. We impact a LiF or PMMA window in front of a VISAR probe with a projectile consisting of four thin stainless steel disks spaced apart 200 microns with either vacuum or polyethylene. The measured signature from the VISAR probe is compared with what is expected from the layered assembly traveling at the projectile’s velocity. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
N1  - Accession Number: 14020060; McCluskey, Craig W. 1 Wilke, Mark D. 1 Anderson, William W. 1 Byers, Mark E. 1 Holtkamp, David. B. 1 Rigg, Paulo A. 1 Furnish, Michael D. 2 Romero, Vincent T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM 87185  3: Bechtel Nevada, Los Alamos, NM 87544; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p483; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780282
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020060&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thissell, W. Richards
AU  - Tonks, Davis L.
AU  - Schwartz, Dan
AU  - House, Joel
T1  - Dynamic Failure Resistance of Two Tantalum Materials with Different Melt Practice Sequences.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
EP  - 498
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The dynamic failure resistance of a Cabot Ta is compared to that of a Starck Ta under nearly identical loading conditions. The two materials have nominally very similar grain sizes, texture, and bulk impurity contents. The two materials do differ in the melt practice used, the Cabot material underwent triple e-beam re-melting, while the Starck material underwent a double e-beam re-melting followed by a vacuum arc re-melt (VAR). Melt practice strongly influences the material cleanliness in most materials and hence greatly influences fracture properties such as fatigue resistance and fracture toughness. The samples were tested in a flyer plate experiment with momentum trapping and soft recovery. A VISAR recorded the free surface velocity profile of the samples. The resulting damage in the microstructures was quantified, statistically reduced and used in developing separate parameters for a damage model. Comparisons between simulation predictions and experimental measurements of free surface velocity, porosity distributions, and volumetric number density distributions of voids are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14020057; Thissell, W. Richards 1 Tonks, Davis L. 2 Schwartz, Dan 3 House, Joel 4; Affiliation:  1: MST-8: Structure-Property Relationships, MS: G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: X-7: Materials Modeling, MS: F699, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  3: Plutonium Metallurgy, MS: G721, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  4: United States Air Force, AFRL/MNMW, 101 West Eglin Blvd, Suite 135, Eglin AFB, FL 32542-6810; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p495; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780285
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020057&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thissell, W. R.
AU  - Henrie, B. L.
AU  - Cerreta, E. K.
AU  - Anderson, W.A.
AU  - Atchison, W. L.
AU  - Cochrane, J. C.
AU  - Kaul, A. M.
AU  - Keinigs, R. K.
AU  - Ladish, J. S.
AU  - Lindemuth, L. R.
AU  - Oro, D. M.
AU  - Paisley, D.
AU  - Reinovsky, R.
AU  - Rodriguez, G.
AU  - Salazar, M. A.
AU  - Stokes, J. L.
AU  - Taylor, A. J.
AU  - Tonks, D. L.
AU  - Zurek, A. K.
T1  - Metallurgical Characterization of Atlas Cylindrically Convergent Spallation Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
EP  - 502
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The microstructural distribution and nature of damage from three different cylindrically convergent spallation experiments performed on the pulsed power machine named Atlas are presented. Longitudinal momentum trapping was used to minimize the influence of release waves and thereby decrease the dimensionality of the experiments. Two of the experiments involved soft capture of the spalled piece. The material used is a proprietary directionally cast Al alloy with a mostly equiaxed grain morphology and essentially random texture in the region of spallation. The damage was most distributed in the lowest impact velocity shot and became progressively more narrow with increasing impact velocity. The effectiveness of the momentum trap design increased with increasing impact velocity. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - SPEED
N1  - Accession Number: 14020056; Thissell, W. R. 1 Henrie, B. L. 1 Cerreta, E. K. 1 Anderson, W.A. 2 Atchison, W. L. 3 Cochrane, J. C. 4 Kaul, A. M. 3 Keinigs, R. K. 5 Ladish, J. S. 6 Lindemuth, L. R. 3 Oro, D. M. 6 Paisley, D. 7 Reinovsky, R. 8 Rodriguez, G. 9 Salazar, M. A. 2 Stokes, J. L. 6 Taylor, A. J. 9 Tonks, D. L. 10 Zurek, A. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: MST-8: Structure-Property Relationships, MS: G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: MST-7: Polymers and Coatings, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  3: X-l: Plasma Physics, MS: B259, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  4: Bechtal-Nevada, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  5: X-4, MS: T086, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  6: P-22: Hydrodynamics andX-Ray Physics, MS: D410, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  7: P-24: Plasma Physics, MS: E526, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  8: DX-DO: Dynamic Experimentation, MS: D420, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  9: MST-10: Condensed Matter Physics, MS: K764, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  10: X-7: Materials Modeling, MS: F699, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p499; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: SPEED; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780286
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020056&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, Darla Graff
AU  - Wright, Walter J.
T1  - Mechanical Properties from PBX 9501 Pressing Study.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 506
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A PBX 9501 pressing study was conducted by researchers in ESA-WMM, LANL, to identify the hydrostatic pressing parameters most important in fabricating high-density parts with uniform density. In this study, 31 charges were pressed using a full permutation of six pressing parameters. Five charges from the set of 31 were selected for an evaluation of their mechanical properties, specifically uniaxial compression and tension. Charges were selected to 1) span the density range of the study, and 2) allow two direct comparisons of pressing parameters independent of bulk density (density has a well-established affect on some material properties). Three PBX 9501 charges pressed isostatically at Pantex Plant in Amarillo, TX were also included in the study. The tensile properties of the 8 charges varied significantly. Careful evaluation of the results suggests that an increase in pressing temperature may correlate with an increase in tensile stress (strength) and a decrease in strain (ductility). Trends in compression exist but are less pronounced. In an effort to explore the relationship between pressing temperature and tensile strength, four sheets of Estane polymer (a component of the PBX 9501 binder) were compression molded at 70, 90, 110 and 130°C. The tensile strength of Estane was observed to increase by a factor of nearly 20 when the molding temperature was increased from 70 to 90°C (strength increase was negligible beyond 90°C). We present an outline of ongoing work that will irrefutably quantify the mechanical property affects of both pressing temperature and dwell time on PBX 9501.(LA-UR 03-4842). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
KW  - TENSILE architecture
KW  - AMARILLO (Tex.)
KW  - TEXAS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14020055; Thompson, Darla Graff 1 Wright, Walter J. 1; Affiliation:  1: DX-2, Materials Dynamics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p503; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Subject Term: TENSILE architecture; Subject Term: AMARILLO (Tex.); Subject Term: TEXAS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780287
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020055&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonks, D. L.
AU  - Thissell, W. R.
AU  - Schwartz, D. S.
T1  - Modeling Incipient Copper Damage Data from the Tensile Hopkinson Bar and Gas Gun.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
EP  - 510
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Ductile damage in copper has been created using a split tensile Hopkinson pressure bar. Precise momentum trapping has made it possible to arrest the damage after a short tensile pulse before complete fracture. This process has been modeled with a void nucleation and growth law. 2D calculations have been performed to compare with final porosity and void number density data. The tensile bar damage modeling has been supplemented with modeling of incipient spallation of copper in a plate impact gas gun experiment. These two experiments differ widely in the (negative) pressure level and modeling both their porosity results will permit the creation of a nucleation model that spans the resulting wide pressure range. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - POROSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14020054; Tonks, D. L. 1 Thissell, W. R. 1 Schwartz, D. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p507; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: POROSITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780288
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020054&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baer, M. R.
AU  - Trott, W. M.
T1  - Mesoscale Studies of Shock Loaded Tin Sphere Lattices.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 520
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The shock response of heterogeneous materials involves highly fluctuating states and localization effects that are produced by mesostructure. Prior studies have examined this shock behavior in randomized inert and reactive media. In this work, we investigate the shock behavior in a porous lattice consisting of hexagonally packed layers of 500 μm tin spheres impacted at 0.5 km/s. This ordered geometry provides a well-defined configuration to validate mesoscale material modeling based on three-dimensional CTH calculations. Detailed wave fields are experimentally probed using a line-imaging interferometer and transmitted particle velocities are compared to numerical mesoscale calculations. Multiple shock fronts traverse the porous layers whereby particle-to-particle interactions cause stress bridging effects and the evolution of organized wave structures. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - SPEED
KW  - SHOCK waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14020052; Baer, M. R. 1 Trott, W. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences Center 9100, Sandia National Laboratories*, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p517; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780290
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020052&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blumenthal, W. R.
AU  - Brown, D. W.
AU  - Tome, C. N.
T1  - Evolution of Crystallographic Texture and Strength in Beryllium.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
EP  - 528
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The evolution of the dynamic mechanical behavior and crystallographic texture in polycrystalline beryllium with different initial textures was measured and compared to a polycrystalline plasticity model. The split-Hopkinson pressure bar compression behavior and the activity of deformation mechanisms were found to be highly dependent on the initial texture and the loading orientation. Neutron diffraction measurements of the bulk texture as a function of strain were made at the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center. The activation of deformation twinning at high strain rates in beryllium was observed to cause both anisotropy in the mechanical behavior and rapid evolution of the texture compared to slip deformation alone. A visco-plastic self-consistent (VPSC) polycrystalline plasticity model was used to closely simulate the texture and flow strength evolution by accounting for contributions from both slip deformation and twinning mechanisms. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 14020050; Blumenthal, W. R. 1 Brown, D. W. 1 Tome, C. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p525; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780292
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020050&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burkett, Michael W.
AU  - Clancy, Scan P.
AU  - Maudlin, Paul J.
AU  - Holian, Kathleen S.
T1  - Coupled Plasticity and Damage Modeling and Their Applications in a Three-Dimensional Eulerian Hydrocode.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
EP  - 532
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Previously developed constitutive models and solution algorithms for continuum-level anisotropic elastoplastic material strength and an isotropic damage model TEPLA have been implemented in the three-dimensional Eulerian hydrodynamics code known as CONEJO. The anisotropic constitutive modeling is posed in an unrotated material frame of reference using the theorem of polar decomposition to compute rigid-body rotation. TEPLA is based upon the Gurson flow surface (a potential function used in conjunction with the associated flow law). The original TEPLA equation set has been extended to include anisotropic elastoplasticity and has been recast into a new implicit solution algorithm based upon an eigenvalue scheme to accommodate the anisotropy. This algorithm solves a two-by-two system of nonlinear equations using a Newton-Raphson iteration scheme. Simulations of a shaped-charge jet formation, a Taylor cylinder impact, and an explosively loaded hemishell were selected to demonstrate the utility of this modeling capability. The predicted deformation topology, plastic strain, and porosity distributions are shown for the three simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ELASTOPLASTICITY
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - POROSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14020049; Burkett, Michael W. 1 Clancy, Scan P. 2 Maudlin, Paul J. 3 Holian, Kathleen S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Div., Primary Design and Assessment Grp. (X-4), MS T086  2: Applied Physics Div., Integrated Physics Methods Grp. (X-3), MS F644  3: Theoretical Div., Fluid Dynamics Grp. (T-3), MSB216  4: Computing Communications & Networking Div., Scientific Software Engineering Grp. (CCN-12), MS B295 Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p529; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ELASTOPLASTICITY; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: POROSITY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780293
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020049&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cerreta, E.
AU  - Gray III, G. T.
AU  - Henrie, B. L.
AU  - Brown, D. W.
AU  - Hixson, R. S.
AU  - Rigg, P. A.
T1  - The Influence of Peak Stress on the Mechanical Behavior and the Substructural Evolution in Shock-Prestrained Zirconium.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 544
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The post shock mechanical behavior and substructure evolution of zirconium (Zr) under shock prestrained at 5.8 and 8 GPa, above and below the pressure induced α-ω phase transition, has been quantified. The reload yield stress of Zr shock prestrained to 8 GPa was found to exhibit enhanced shock hardening when compared to the flow stress measured quasi-statically at an equivalent strain. In contrast, the reload yield behavior of Zr specimens shocked to 5.8 GPa did not exhibit enhanced shock hardening. The microstructure of the as-annealed and shock prestrained materials were examined. The presence of a reduced available glide distance due to a relatively more well developed dislocation substructure and increased twinning over quasi-static specimens deformed to comparable strains correlates with the increased yield stresses after shock prestraining at 8 GPa. Additionally, the retention of ∼ 40% by volume metastable high-pressure ω-phase in specimens shocked to 8 GPa and its absence in the 5.8 GPa specimen, is thought to contribute to the increased yield stress in the 8 GPa specimens. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020046; Cerreta, E. 1 Gray III, G. T. 1 Henrie, B. L. 1 Brown, D. W. 1 Hixson, R. S. 1 Rigg, P. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p541; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780296
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020046&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crawford, Paula
AU  - Rainey, Kevin
AU  - Rightley, Paul
AU  - Hammerberg, J. E.
T1  - A Novel Experimental Technique for the Study of High-Speed Friction under Elastic Loading Conditions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 545
EP  - 548
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The role of friction in high strain-rate events is not well understood despite being an important constitutive relationship in modern modeling and simulation studies of explosive events. There is a lack of experimental data available for the validation ofmodels of dynamic sliding. The Rotating Barrel Gas Gun (RBGG) is a novel, small-scale experimental facility designed to investigate interfacial dynamics at high loads and sliding speeds. The RBGG utilizes a low-pressure gas gun to propel a rotating annular projectile towards an annular target rod. Upon striking the target, the projectile imparts both an axial and a torsional impulse into the target at a timescale relevant to explosively-driven events. Resulting elastic waves are measured using strain gages attached to the target rod. The coefficient of friction is obtained through an analysis of the resulting strain wave data. Initial experiments have been performed using dry copper/copper interfaces. We find that the measured coefficient of friction can evolve significantly over a 30 μs event. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - TORSION
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14020045; Crawford, Paula 1 Rainey, Kevin 1 Rightley, Paul 1 Hammerberg, J. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dynamic Experimentation Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p545; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: TORSION; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780297
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020045&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hackenberg, Robert
AU  - Swift, Darnian
AU  - Bourne, Neil
AU  - Gray III, George
AU  - Paisley, Dennis
AU  - Thoma, Dan
AU  - Cooley, Jason
AU  - Hauer, Allan
T1  - Dynamic Properties of Nickel-Titanium Alloys.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 561
EP  - 564
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The shock response of near-equiatomic Ni-Ti alloys have been investigated to support studies of shock-induced martensitic transitions. The equation of state (EOS) and elasticity were predicted using ab initio quantum mechanics. Polycrystalline NiTi samples were prepared with a range of compositions, and thickesses between about 100 and 400 μm. Laser-driven flyer impact experiments were used to verify the EOS and to measure the flow stress from the amplitude of the elastic precursor; the spall strength was also obtained from these experiments. The laser flyer EOS data were consistent with Hugoniot points deduced from gas gun experiments. Decaying shocks were induced in samples, by direct laser irradiation with a variety of pressures and durations, to investigate the threshold for martensite formation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - TITANIUM alloys
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - TITANIUM alloys -- Heat treatment
KW  - EFFECT of high temperatures on titanium alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 14020041; Hackenberg, Robert 1 Swift, Darnian 2 Bourne, Neil 3 Gray III, George 4 Paisley, Dennis 2 Thoma, Dan 1 Cooley, Jason 1 Hauer, Allan 5; Affiliation:  1: MST-6, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: P-24, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Royal Military College of Science, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, Swindon SN6 6LA, UK  4: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  5: P-DO, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p561; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: TITANIUM alloys; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: TITANIUM alloys -- Heat treatment; Subject Term: EFFECT of high temperatures on titanium alloys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780301
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020041&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammerberg, J. E.
AU  - Ravelo, R.
AU  - Germann, T. C.
AU  - Kress, J. D.
AU  - Holian, B. L.
T1  - Sliding Friction at Compressed Ta/Al Interfaces.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
EP  - 568
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The physics of sliding at compressed Ta/Al interfaces is discussed based upon the results of large scale 3D NEMD simulations. A new set of Embedded Atom Method potentials has been constructed to treat the Ta-Al interaction. Pressures of order 15 GPa are studied and the velocity dependence of the frictional force is studied for several interfacial configurations including Al(100)/Ta(100) and Al(111)/Ta(110). Generic behavior is observed, characterized by a linear increase at low velocities followed by a power law decrease at high velocities associated with near interface structural transformation in Al. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - CRYSTAL whiskers
KW  - MECHANICAL wear
KW  - SLIDING mode control
KW  - BIOLOGICAL interfaces
KW  - ELASTIC analysis (Engineering)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020040; Hammerberg, J. E. 1 Ravelo, R. 1,2 Germann, T. C. 1 Kress, J. D. 3 Holian, B. L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Physics Department and Materials Research Institute, University of Texas, El Paso TX 79968-0515  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p565; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: CRYSTAL whiskers; Subject Term: MECHANICAL wear; Subject Term: SLIDING mode control; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL interfaces; Subject Term: ELASTIC analysis (Engineering); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780302
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020040&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harstad, E. N.
AU  - Maudlin, P. J.
AU  - Mckirgan, J. B.
T1  - Anisotropic Failure Modeling for HY-100 Steel.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 569
EP  - 572
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - HY-100 steel is a material that behaves isotropically in the elastic and plastic region and acts anisotropically in failure. Since HY-100 is a ductile metal, a more gradual failure process is observed as opposed to the nearly instantaneous failure in brittle materials. We extend our elasto-plastic-damage constitutive model by including of a decohesion model to describe material behavior between the onset of failure and fracture. We also develop an anisotropic failure surface to account for directionality in material failure. Both the anisotropic failure and decohesion models have been implemented into a finite element code, where the effects of these models are studied in a uniaxial stress simulations, a plate impact simulations, and a quasistatic notched round bar tensile test simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEEL
KW  - AXIAL loads
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - FINITE element method
N1  - Accession Number: 14020039; Harstad, E. N. 1 Maudlin, P. J. 1 Mckirgan, J. B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Fluid Dynamics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Code 614, NSWC, Carderock Division, 9500 MacArthur Blvd., West Bethesda, MD 20817; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p569; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: AXIAL loads; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: FINITE element method; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780303
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020039&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayes, D. B.
AU  - Gray III, G. T.
AU  - Hixson, R. S.
AU  - Zurek, A. K.
AU  - Vorthman, J. E.
AU  - Anderson, W. W.
T1  - Precursor Suppression by Shear Stress Relaxation in U-Nb(6-wt%).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
EP  - 576
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - U-Nb(6-wt%) exhibits plastic yield strength of a few-tenths of a GPa that can vary depending upon the starting microstructure and heat-treatment. However, when a several-mm thick specimen of U-Nb(6-wt%) is shock loaded in the range between 1.5 and 10 GPa, no elastic precursor is observed in interferometer measurements at the rear free surface. The absence of the elastic precursor and other features of the compression and release measurements are explained by assuming shear stress-relaxation rate is dependent upon the shear stress. The resulting stress waves are unsteady and broaden so that shear stress relaxation can occur in the front preventing the plastic yield point from being reached. U-Nb(6-wt%) is known to twin in quasi-static compression and shear-induced, rate-dependent twinning is likely the underlying cause for shear stress relaxation in our experiments. Recent experiments in which U-Nb(6-wt%) was heavily cold-rolled ( work-hardening to ∼25% strain) display no evidence of a precursor, admitting the possibility of a pressure or temperature induced stress-relaxation process. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS relaxation (Mechanics)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - HEATING -- Control
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020038; Hayes, D. B. 1 Gray III, G. T. 1 Hixson, R. S. 1 Zurek, A. K. 1 Vorthman, J. E. 1 Anderson, W. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p573; Subject Term: STRESS relaxation (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: HEATING -- Control; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780304
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020038&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mcclellan, Kenneth J.
AU  - Swift, Damian C.
AU  - Paisley, Dennis L.
AU  - Koskelo, Aaron C.
T1  - Dynamic Properties of Nickel-Aluminum Alloy.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 596
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We are investigating interactions between shocks and grain boundaries in the anisotropic alloy NiAl; as part of this work, we need to know the shock response of single crystals. The equation of state (EOS) and elasticity were predicted using ab initio quantum mechanics. NiAl crystals were obtained from GE, and also prepared locally, and cut to thickesses between about 100 and 500 microns. Laser-driven flyer impact experiments were used to verify the EOS and to measure the elastic precursor wave as a function of crystal orientation. Shocks induced by direct laser irradiation were used to investigate the elastic precursor and to demonstrate that the imaging VISAR system had a temporal resolution adequate to distinguish between different orientations. A single-crystal plasticity model is under development to design and interpret experiments on bicrystals. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRESS waves
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020033; Mcclellan, Kenneth J. 1 Swift, Damian C. 2 Paisley, Dennis L. 2 Koskelo, Aaron C. 3; Affiliation:  1: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: P-24, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: C-ADI, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p593; Subject Term: STRESS waves; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780309
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020033&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mescheryakov, Yu. I.
AU  - Zhigacheva, N. I.
AU  - Petrov, Yu. A.
AU  - Divakov, A. K.
AU  - Cline, C. F.
T1  - Comparative Analysis of Uniaxial Strain Shock Tests and Taylor Tests for Armor and Maraging Steels.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 597
EP  - 600
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - High-strength constructional 38KhN3MFA steel and 02H18К9M5-BИ maraging steel were tested to determine the yield stress under dynamic loading. The 38KhN3MFA steel was used as central test material to work out the experimental technique. For both kinds of steel the results obtained in the plane shock tests under uniaxial strain condition show approximately the identical yield stress values as those obtained in Taylor tests. Cracking of maraging steel occurs along the shock-induced austenite bands where microhardness is much smaller than that for the rest of the matrix. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICAL wear
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRESS waves
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - STRESS-strain curves
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020032; Mescheryakov, Yu. I. 1 Zhigacheva, N. I. 1 Petrov, Yu. A. 1 Divakov, A. K. 1 Cline, C. F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Problems of Mechanical Engineering RAS,V.O. Bolshoi 61, Saint-Petersburg, 199178, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore 94506-4528 CA , USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p597; Subject Term: MECHANICAL wear; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRESS waves; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRESS-strain curves; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780310
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020032&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peralta, P.
AU  - Swift, D.
AU  - Loomis, E.
AU  - Lim, C.-H.
AU  - Mcclellan, K. J.
T1  - Characterization of Laser-Driven Shocked NiAl Monocrystals and Bicrystals.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
EP  - 604
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Disks of oriented single crystals and bicrystals of selected misorientations of NiAl were tested under direct laser-driven shock conditions. Shocked specimens were recovered and characterized to study cracking and slip behavior. In addition, the crystallographic orientation of the tested samples was studied using Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM). Results indicate that direct laser-driven shocks in monocrystals induce cracking on {110} planes, with a high crack density for <100> samples and a low crack density for <110> and <111> specimens. The crack density was much higher on the impact side. In one bicrystal, a Grain Boundary Affected Zone (GBAZ) was observed close to the boundary in one grain, where both cracking and slip were present, whereas no cracking or slip traces were observed in the other grain. OIM revealed that specimens developed gradients of orientation due to bowing of the foil caused by the impact. The changes in the speed of sound across the inclined interface correlated with the cracking mode, i.e., a shock propagating from a “slow” to a “fast” grain resulted in intergranular cracks, whereas the reverse resulted in transgranular cracks. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - SHOCK waves -- Diffraction
KW  - PLASTIC properties
N1  - Accession Number: 14020031; Peralta, P. 1 Swift, D. 2 Loomis, E. 1 Lim, C.-H. 1 Mcclellan, K. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Arizona State University. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Tempe, AZ 85287-6106  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory. Physics Division. Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory. Materials Science and Technology Division. Los Alamos, NM 8754; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p601; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: SHOCK waves -- Diffraction; Subject Term: PLASTIC properties; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780311
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020031&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider, M. S.
AU  - Gregori, F.
AU  - Kad, B. K.
AU  - Kalantar, D. H.
AU  - Remington, B. A.
AU  - Meyers, M. A.
T1  - Laser-Induced Shock Compression of Copper and Copper Aluminum Alloys.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 605
EP  - 608
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Single crystal copper and copper 2-wt% aluminum alloy with [134] and [001] orientations are compressed by means of a high energy short pulse laser. Pressures ranging from 20 GPa to 60 GPa are achieved. The shocked samples are recovered and the residual defect substructure is analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Results show systematic differences depending on orientation and stacking fault energy. Samples with orientations [001] are symmetrical with simultaneous activation of eight slip systems. This leads to a higher work hardening rate. The [134] orientation is asymmetrical with one dominating slip system, and thus a reduced work hardening rate due to a prolonged easy glide region for dislocations. These differences in work hardening response affect the stresses required to achieve the twinning threshold pressure. The effects of stacking fault energy on the defect substructure and threshold twinning are also characterized. Experimental results are rationalized in terms of a constitutive description of the slip-twinning transition using a modified MTS equation. Differences in the mechanical response of the orientations and the chemical compositions are responsible for differences in the shear stress in the specimens at the imposed pressures and associated strains. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - FAULT-tolerant computing
KW  - COMPUTER reliability
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys -- Metallography
N1  - Accession Number: 14020030; Schneider, M. S. 1 Gregori, F. 2 Kad, B. K. 1 Kalantar, D. H. 3 Remington, B. A. 3 Meyers, M. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411  2: University of Paris, 13, Paris, France  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p605; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: FAULT-tolerant computing; Subject Term: COMPUTER reliability; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys -- Metallography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780312
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020030&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vogler, T. J.
AU  - Asay, J. R.
T1  - A Distributional Model for Elastic-Plastic Behavior of Shock-Loaded Materials.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 617
EP  - 620
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - To address known shortcomings of classical metal plasticity for describing material behavior under shock loading, a model which incorporates a distribution in the deviatoric stress state is developed. This distribution will translate in stress space under loading, and growth of the distribution can be included in the model as well. This proposed model is capable of duplicating the key features of a set of reshock and release experiments on 6061-T6 aluminum, many of which are not captured by classical plasticity. The model is relatively simple, is only moderately more computationally intensive, and requires few additional material parameters. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - PLASTIC crystals
KW  - STRAIN hardening
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020027; Vogler, T. J. 1 Asay, J. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Solid Dynamics & Energetic Materials Dept., Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque NM 87185  2: Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman WA 99164; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p617; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: PLASTIC crystals; Subject Term: STRAIN hardening; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780315
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020027&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qing Xue
AU  - Gray III, George T.
AU  - Shuh Rong Chen
T1  - Influence of Shock Prestraining on Shear Localization in 316L Stainless Steel.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
EP  - 636
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The effect of “Taylor-Wave” shock prestraining on the adiabatic shear localization response of annealed and shock pre-shocked 316L stainless steel (316L SS) was investigated. A forced shear technique using “hat-shaped” specimens on a compression split-Hopkinson bar was utilized. The mechanical responses at two different strain rates showed that the shock pre-strained specimens exhibit much higher yield stresses but much lower strain hardening effects than those in the annealed steel. The dynamic shear responses indicate that the shear stress in the shock pre-strained steel arrived at the instable point at much smaller plastic strain than the annealed steel. The initial microstructures in these two materials exhibit significant differences of textures and defects that may dominate the initiation of shear bands. The pre-shocked steel, which contains more deformation twins, was found to display a higher propensity to trigger localized deformation than the annealed steel. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - METALS -- Cold working
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ADIABATIC demagnetization
N1  - Accession Number: 14020023; Qing Xue 1 Gray III, George T. 1 Shuh Rong Chen 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p633; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: METALS -- Cold working; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ADIABATIC demagnetization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780319
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020023&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, J. A.
AU  - Wirth, B. D.
T1  - The Interaction of Dislocations and Radiation-Induced Obstacles at High-Strain Rate.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
EP  - 640
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Improved understanding of the plastic deformation of metals during high strain rate shock loading is key to predicting their resulting material properties. This paper presents the results of molecular dynamics simulations that identify the deformation modes of aluminum over a range of applied shear stresses and examines the interaction between dislocations and irradiation induced obstacles. These simulations show that while super-sonic dislocation motion can occur during impact loading, the finite dimensions of the materials render this motion transient. Larger applied loads do not stabilize supersonic dislocations, but instead lead an alternate deformation mode, namely twinning. Finally, the atomistic mechanisms that underlie the observed changes in the mechanical properties of metals as a function of irradiation are examined. Specifically, simulations of the interactions between moving edge dislocations and nanometer-sized helium bubbles provide insight into increases of the critical shear stresses but also reveal the effect of internal gas pressure on the deformation mode. The information gained in these studies provides fundamental insight into materials behavior, as well as important inputs for multi-scale models of materials deformation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS -- Analysis
KW  - METALLIC surfaces
KW  - DEFORMATION of surfaces
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - METALS -- Plastic properties
N1  - Accession Number: 14020022; Young, J. A. 1 Wirth, B. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94703; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p637; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS -- Analysis; Subject Term: METALLIC surfaces; Subject Term: DEFORMATION of surfaces; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: METALS -- Plastic properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780320
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020022&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alcon, R. R.
AU  - Robbins, D. L.
AU  - Sheffield, S. A.
AU  - Stahl, D. B.
AU  - Fritz, J. N.
T1  - Shock Compression of Silicon Polymer Foams with a Range of Initial Densities.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 651
EP  - 654
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report here on a collection of shock compression experiments on a silicon polymer foam with varying degrees of distension from low (∼0.4 g/cm3) to the near fully dense material (∼ 1 g/cm3). These experiments are being carried out on a two-stage gas-gun (50 mm bore) with a Kel-F 81 impactor at velocities between 1.5 and 3.1 km/s. Particle and shock velocity measurements are made with magnetic gauges by inserting the gauge package (0.001 inches thick) between layers of 2.3 mm thick foam. Special attention is required for assembly of these targets due to the foam’s low strength. To minimize compression and gaps at interfaces, the foams are positioned between support rings, which are machined to match the foam’s thickness. The Hugoniot data from these experiments is compared to unpublished data obtained with explosively driven flyers at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the early 1980’s. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - SILICON
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SPEED
KW  - MEASUREMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 14020019; Alcon, R. R. 1 Robbins, D. L. 1 Sheffield, S. A. 1 Stahl, D. B. 1 Fritz, J. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p651; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780323
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020019&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Millett, J. C. F.
AU  - Gray III, G. T.
AU  - Bourne, N. K.
T1  - Longitudinal and Lateral Stress Measurements in Shock Loaded Polyether Ether Ketone.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 663
EP  - 666
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The shock response of poyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been investigated using manganin stress gauges mounted in longitudinal and lateral orientation to the impact axis. Measurements of the longitudinal stress with gauges at different positions within the shock assembly have determined the Hugoniot in terms of shock stress, shock velocity and particle velocity. It has been shown that the shock velocity has a simple linear response to particle velocity, in common with many but not all polymers. Measurements of lateral stress show a decrease behind the shock front, implying an increase in shear strength, possibly due to the viscoplastic nature of PEEK. Shear strength was also observed to increase with shock stress. A break in slope was observed at ca. 1.0 GPa, indicating a divergence between elastic and inelastic behaviour. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - ETHER (Anesthetic)
KW  - KETONES
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - GAGES
KW  - MEASUREMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 14020016; Millett, J. C. F. 1 Gray III, G. T. 2 Bourne, N. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Royal Military College of Science, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, Swindon, SN6 8LA. United Kingdom  2: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p663; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: ETHER (Anesthetic); Subject Term: KETONES; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: GAGES; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780326
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020016&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robbins, D. L.
AU  - Sheffield, S. A.
AU  - Alcon, R. R.
T1  - Magnetic Particle Velocity Measurements of Shocked Teflon.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 675
EP  - 678
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A series of shock compression experiments have been undertaken on Teflon using single- and two-stage gas-guns. Peak pressures in these experiments range from a few kbars to over 10 kbars, as well as one shot completed at 117 kbar. Multiple particle velocity wave profiles, at a number of Langrangian positions, are obtained for each experiment using in-situ magnetic gauges. Shock velocity is calculated from arrival times at both the particle velocity gauges and at embedded shock trackers. These direct measurements of particle and shock velocity are compared to previous shock compression results on Teflon. Particular attention is focused in the region below 10 kbar where evidence of a shock induced phase transition has been reported, based upon a cusp in the Hugoniot. The volume change for this transition is only ∼ 2.2 % making its observation difficult. A two-wave structure on the shock front would be strong evidence of the shock-induced transition, but has not been observed in these initial low-pressure experiments. However, the Hugoniot data does show a subtle cusp between two of these shots at pressures of 6.4 and 7.9 kbar. The presence of the cusp is consistent with existing data, but appears at slightly higher pressure. Additionally, the in-situ particle velocity gauges show an evolving wave front, which is likely associated with Teflon’s visco-elastic properties. The wave front is initially steep, but rounds significantly after the wave has propagated several millimeters into the target. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - POLYTEF
KW  - COAL gas
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GAGES
KW  - SPEED
N1  - Accession Number: 14020013; Robbins, D. L. 1 Sheffield, S. A. 1 Alcon, R. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p675; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: POLYTEF; Subject Term: COAL gas; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GAGES; Subject Term: SPEED; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780329
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020013&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, M. U.
AU  - Setchell, R. E.
AU  - Cox, D. E.
T1  - Shock Compression and Release Properties of Alumina-Filled Epoxy.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 685
EP  - 688
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Alumina-filled epoxies are used to encapsulate ferroelectric ceramics in shock-driven, pulsed power devices. Device performance is strongly influenced by the shock compression and release properties of the encapsulant, which must be adequately understood in order to develop a capability for numerically simulating the operation of these power sources. In previous studies, Hugoniot states and release velocities were measured in reverse-impact experiments using laser interferometry (VISAR) at stresses up to 5 GPa. In addition, wave profiles were obtained in transmitted-wave experiments at fixed impact conditions as a function of initial temperature. These experiments showed an extended wave structure having a rise time that increased with decreasing temperature. In recent studies, Hugoniot states and release velocities at stresses up to 10 GPa have been obtained in reverse-impact experiments. Transmitted-wave experiments have examined the effects of wave amplitude on the wave structure and also the evolution of this structure with increasing propagation distance. Unsteady wave propagation with strongly viscous behavior is observed over the range of shock conditions examined. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - MICROENCAPSULATION
KW  - SPEED
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - EPOXY Catalog (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020012; Anderson, M. U. 1 Setchell, R. E. 1 Cox, D. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p685; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: MICROENCAPSULATION; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Reviews & Products: EPOXY Catalog (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780331
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020012&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mattsson, A. E.
T1  - Equation of State for a High-Density Glass.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 743
EP  - 746
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Properties of relevance for the equation of state for a high-density glass are discussed. We review the effects of failure waves, comminuted phase, and compaction on the validity of the Mie-Grüneisen EOS. The specific heat and the Grüneisen parameter at standard conditions for a ρ0 = 5.085 g/cm3 glass (“Glass A”) is then estimated to be 522 mJ/g/K and 0.1 – 0.3, respectively. The latter value is substantially smaller than the value of 2.1751 given in the SESAME tables for a high-density glass with ρ0 = 5.46 g/cm3. The present unusual value of the Grüneisen parameter is confirmed from the volume dependence determined from fitting the Mie-Grüneisen EOS to shock data in Ref. [2]. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - GLASS
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - HEAT
N1  - Accession Number: 14019998; Mattsson, A. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Computational Materials & Molecular Biology MS 0196, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0196; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p743; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: HEAT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780345
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019998&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reinhart, W. D.
AU  - Chhabildas, L. C.
T1  - Dynamic Strength of AD995 Alumina at Mbar Stress Levels.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
EP  - 764
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An investigation of the strength of AD995 alumina in the shocked state was assessed over the stress range of 26–120 GPa. Velocity interferometry was used to measure loading, unloading, and reloading profiles from the initial shocked state. These results show that alumina retains considerable strength at stress states exceeding 120 GPa. An important observation, as with some metals, is that there is a substantial increase in strength during reloading and a well-defined elastic behavior is observed. The unloading and reloading technique described also yields data to estimate a dynamic mean stress. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SPEED
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - METALS
KW  - RUBBER bands
N1  - Accession Number: 14019994; Reinhart, W. D. 1 Chhabildas, L. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 1647,Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p759; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: RUBBER bands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326299 All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780349
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019994&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, C.
T1  - Fracture of the PBX 9501 High Explosive.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 786
EP  - 791
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In contrast to many brittle solids, crack initiation and propagation in PBX 9501 high explosive and its simulant are preceded by the formation and extension of a sizable bridging zone. In this investigation, fracture experiments on the high-explosive material, PBX 9501, were conducted. From the experimental measurement, we are able to determine quantitatively the stress-bridging law (or decohesion law) that characterizes the relationship between the bridging stress and the opening displacement across the bridging zone. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14019988; Liu, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p786; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780355
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019988&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinez, A. R.
AU  - Hooks, D. E.
AU  - Dick, J. J.
T1  - Longitudinal and Lateral Ytterbium Gauge Measurements in PBX 9501.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 792
EP  - 795
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Experiments were performed with in-material ytterbium piezoresistive gauges in PBX 9501. Impact stresses were below 2 GPa. Experiments were performed in a few different target geometries, with gauges placed with varying depths, lateral distances, and adhesive environments. The gauge placement in the different geometries resulted in some differences in the data acquired. The most important discrepancies in the data resulted from the use of machined grooves for gauge placement. The variations in experimental design will be presented along with a comparison of the data acquired for these variations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - YTTERBIUM
KW  - GAGES
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
N1  - Accession Number: 14019987; Martinez, A. R. 1 Hooks, D. E. 1 Dick, J. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos,NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p792; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: YTTERBIUM; Subject Term: GAGES; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780356
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019987&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, P. D.
AU  - Mang, J. T.
AU  - Fletcher, M. A.
AU  - Olinger, B. W.
AU  - Roemer, E. L.
T1  - Influence of Pressing Parameters on the Microstructure of PBX 9501.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 796
EP  - 799
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Microstructural features, such as defects, crystal morphology, and crystal size distribution can dramatically affect the ignition sensitivity, performance, and mechanical properties of energetic materials. While these features can be characterized for the raw material, little is known about how they are altered during pressing. For example, in the preparation of a consolidated charge of PBX 9501, variables such as ultimate pressure, number of pressing cycles, dwell time, or rest time are varied in order to achieve nominal density of 1.830 g/cc. Although this density is met, differences in pressing parameters can lead to variations in microstructure between samples. To evaluate the effect of pressing parameters on the microstructure, three cylinders of PBX 9501 have been pressed at 5 kpsi, 15 kpsi, and 30 kpsi, using a 100 Ton heated steel die press. Polarized light microscopy (PLM) images taken at 144 locations within each cylinder show differences in porosity, crystal size and size distribution between cylinders and at different locations within the same cylinder. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) further verifies increased fracture and rubblization of HMX during pressing. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - POROSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14019986; Peterson, P. D. 1 Mang, J. T. 1 Fletcher, M. A. 1 Olinger, B. W. 2 Roemer, E. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Engineering Sciences and Applications, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p796; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: POROSITY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780357
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019986&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asay, B. W.
AU  - Son, S. F.
AU  - Busse, J. R.
AU  - Oschwald, D. M.
T1  - Observations on the Mechanism of Reaction Propagation in Metastable Intermolecular Composites.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 827
EP  - 830
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Metastable Intermolecular Composite (MIC) materials are comprised of a mixture of oxidizer and fuel with particle sizes in the nanometer range. They are a subclass of materials known as thermites. The mechanism responsible for the propagation of reaction in loose compacts is not well understood. We have conducted a series of experiments using high-speed photography and pressure transducers in an attempt to identify the dominant mechanism. We studied a mixture of aluminum and molybdenum trioxide. Of the four possible candidates (radiation, convection, conduction, and acoustic/compaction), these preliminary studies identify convection as the most likely. However, the extent of contribution of the other modes is not yet known and this will receive further study. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - OXIDIZING agents
KW  - FUEL
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - HIGH-speed photography
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14019979; Asay, B. W. 1 Son, S. F. 1 Busse, J. R. 1 Oschwald, D. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p827; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: OXIDIZING agents; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: HIGH-speed photography; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Language: French
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780364
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019979&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aslam, T. D.
AU  - Bdzil, J. B.
AU  - Hill, L. G.
T1  - Analysis of the LANL Detonation-Confinement Test.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 831
EP  - 834
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In general, the confinement of a high explosive (HE) by differing inert materials can change the detonation speed and shock locus. The hydrodynamic basis of this effect can be understood by examining the pressure/streamline-deflection matching condition at the HE/inert interface. A relatively simple shock polar analysis provides a good leading-order prediction of the confinement effect on a propagating detonation. Here, studies of various detonation-inert confinement interactions are examined for PBX 9502. From a theoretical perspective, the appropriate shock polar analysis is carried out for several inerts of interest. It is shown that the phase speed of the shock along the HE/inert interface can play a role in the matching — which isn’t the case in the previous analysis for strong shocks in ideal gases. From an experimental perspective, we analyze the results of PBX 9502 sandwich tests, where the confining inert is changed from theoretically unconfined (polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)—plexiglas) to heavily confined (stainless steel (SS 304)). These experimental results are compared to theoretical predictions based on Detonation Shock Dynamics (DSD). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - LOS Alamos National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 14019978; Aslam, T. D. 1 Bdzil, J. B. 1 Hill, L. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p831; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Company/Entity: LOS Alamos National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780365
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019978&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferm, Eric N.
AU  - Dennison, Steve
AU  - Lopez, Robert
AU  - Prestridge, Kathy
AU  - Quintana, John P.
AU  - Espinoza, Camilo
AU  - Hogan, Gary
AU  - King, Nick
AU  - Lopez, Julian D.
AU  - Merrill, Frank
AU  - Morley, Kevin
AU  - Morris, Christopher L.
AU  - Pazuchanics, Peter
AU  - Saunders, Andy
AU  - Baker, Stuart A.
AU  - Liljestrand, Rodger
AU  - Thompson, Richard T.
T1  - Proton Radiography Experiments on Shocked High Explosive Products.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 839
EP  - 842
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We studied the propagation of detonation waves and reflections of normal incident detonation waves in explosive products using the 800 MeV proton radiography facility at LANSCE. Using this system, we obtain seven to twenty-one radiographic images of each experiment. We have examined the experimental wave velocity and density of the materials ahead and behind of the shocks as inferred from radiographs and compare them to standard explosive equations of state. Finally we compare the experiments with calculations of the experiments using the MESA hydrodynamics code. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - SPEED
KW  - DENSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14019976; Ferm, Eric N. 1 Dennison, Steve 1 Lopez, Robert 1 Prestridge, Kathy 1 Quintana, John P. 1 Espinoza, Camilo 1 Hogan, Gary 1 King, Nick 1 Lopez, Julian D. 1 Merrill, Frank 1 Morley, Kevin 1 Morris, Christopher L. 1 Pazuchanics, Peter 1 Saunders, Andy 1 Baker, Stuart A. 2 Liljestrand, Rodger 2 Thompson, Richard T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Bechtel Nevada, Los Alamos, NM 87544; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p839; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: DENSITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780367
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019976&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, L. G.
AU  - Aslam, T. D.
T1  - The LANL Detonation-Confinement Test: Prototype Development and Sample Results.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 847
EP  - 850
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present the prototype design of a precision “sandwich”-type test, which is optimized for studying the effects of inert confinement on detonation propagation. Design criteria and features are discussed, and sample data is presented for PBX 9502 with 304 stainless steel and PMMA confinement. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - LOS Alamos National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 14019974; Hill, L. G. 1 Aslam, T. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p847; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Company/Entity: LOS Alamos National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780369
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019974&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, K.-Y.
AU  - Kennedy, J. E.
AU  - Asay, B. W.
AU  - Son, S. F.
AU  - Martin, E. S.
T1  - Preparation and Characterization of Fine-Particle NTO and Its Formulation with Al Nanopowders.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 855
EP  - 858
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have initiated study of the effect of nano-aluminum on the detonation performance of NTO. A novel method for the preparation of both fine-particle NTO (UF-NTO) and its formulation with Al nanopowder has been developed. Results from small-scale sensitivity tests on both the UF-NTO and aluminized NTO composite indicated that they are insensitive to impact, friction and HESD. The performance of both UF-NTO and NTO/Al mix was evaluated by detonation-spreading floret tests. At the same pressed density, it was found that, when initiated by a 3-mm-diameter flyer plate, the aluminized NTO composite produced a shallower dent on a copper witness plate than neat UF-NTO and thus was inferior to UF-NTO in detonation spreading. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - TETRAHYDROFURAN
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14019972; Lee, K.-Y. 1 Kennedy, J. E. 1 Asay, B. W. 1 Son, S. F. 1 Martin, E. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: MS C920, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p855; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: TETRAHYDROFURAN; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780371
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019972&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mulford, Roberta
AU  - Swift, Damian
T1  - Reactive Flow in Nitromethane Using a Quasiharmonic Unreacted Equation of State.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 875
EP  - 878
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This work examines the suitability of an Arrhenius reaction rate for describing homogeneous initiation of nitromethane, CH3NO2. We use reactive flow models that include temperature as well as mechanical state to investigate shock initiation in nitromethane. We describe the construction of an unreacted equation of state to provide the accurate temperatures required to support a temperature dependent reaction rate within a reactive flow model. A quasiharmonic form based on the Grüneisen equations of state normalized to shock wave data but with a more rigorous treatment of thermal modes was used. A thermochemical model was used for the reaction products. The Arrhenius reaction parameters reported in the literature reproduced experimental data within this model, without adjustment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARRHENIUS equation
KW  - CHEMICAL equations
KW  - NITROMETHANE
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
N1  - Accession Number: 14019967; Mulford, Roberta 1 Swift, Damian 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p875; Subject Term: ARRHENIUS equation; Subject Term: CHEMICAL equations; Subject Term: NITROMETHANE; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780376
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019967&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strachan, Alejandro
AU  - Van Duin, Adri C. T.
AU  - Goddard III, William A.
T1  - Initial Chemical Events in the Energetic Material RDX under Shock Loading: Role of Defects.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 895
EP  - 898
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We use the recently developed reactive force field ReaxFF with molecular dynamics (MD) to study the role of voids on the initial chemical events in the high-energy material RDX under shock loading. We find that for strong shocks (particles velocity of 3 km/s) very small gaps (2 nm) lead to important over-heating (∼ 1000 K). This over-heating facilitates chemical reactions and leads to a larger production of small molecules (such as NO2, NO, OH) than in perfect crystals shocked with the same strength. The chemical reactions occur after the void has collapsed and the ejected material re-compressed rather than when hot molecules are ejected out of the downstream surface. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019962; Strachan, Alejandro 1 Van Duin, Adri C. T. 2 Goddard III, William A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Materials and Process Simulation Center, Beckman Institute (139-74), Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p895; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780381
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019962&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tarver, Craig M.
T1  - On the Existence of Pathological Detonation Waves.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 902
EP  - 905
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Pathological detonation waves with velocities greater than Chapman-Jouguet (C-J) have been proposed theoretically but never observed experimentally in gaseous, liquid or solid explosives. Two types of pathological chemical reaction zones have been identified within the Zeldovich - von Neumann - Doring (ZND) model: an exothermic chemical decomposition with a mole decrease from the von Neumann spike state to the C-J state; and an exothermic reaction followed by an endothermic reaction (eigenvalue detonation). The high temperatures reached in detonation reaction zones cause sufficient radial and atom formation to insure that enough moles are formed in gaseous 2H2 + O2 detonations. Aluminized explosives exhibit a slight mole decrease when the solid aluminum particles are oxidized, but this does not negate the large mole increase that occurs during explosive decomposition. Porous solid explosives whose products form with more cold compression energy than that of the solid are still a possibility for pathological detonation. Eigenvalue detonations have been postulated for H2 + Cl2 gas phase detonations and for plastic bonded solid explosives if endothermic binder decomposition follows exothermic explosive decomposition. Chemical kinetic and physical arguments are presented to eliminate these possible pathological detonations. In the case of H2 + Cl2, highly vibrationally excited HCl molecules dissociate Cl2 molecules during the exothermic portion of the reaction zone rather than later in the flow process. In the plastic bonded explosives, the binders are located on the surfaces of explosive particles and thus are exposed to hot spots created by the three-dimensional Mach stem shock front. Any remaining binder material rapidly reacts in collisions with the high, vibrationally excited reaction products formed during explosive decomposition. Therefore eigenvalue detonations are extremely unlikely to occur in gaseous, liquid or solid explosives. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - VON Neumann algebras
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 14019960; Tarver, Craig M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-282, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p902; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: VON Neumann algebras; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780383
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019960&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Browning, Richard V.
AU  - Peterson, Paul D.
AU  - Roemer, Edward L.
AU  - Scammon, Richard J.
T1  - Grit Particle Enhanced Non-Shock Ignition of Explosives.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 921
EP  - 924
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Grit particles are used in explosive sensitivity tests, such as the drop weight impact test and the drop skid test, as sensitizing agents. In this paper we examine characteristics of common natural and industrial grit particles. They are observed in a wide variety of sizes and shapes. The fine particles can easily migrate around a facility and potentially become embedded in explosive surfaces. To study the effects of grit particles on ignition behavior we identify a simple configuration of particles cutting or grooving adjacent metal surfaces. We then present a process for analyzing the ignition characteristics. Estimates of the effective flow and fracture strength of the metals and explosive composites, on a scale of 1 to 100 microns, are used in chip forming models to calculate chip temperatures. Ignition characteristics are studied using a reactive heat transfer model of individual chips, as cut by grit particles, and held against an explosive surface. The models indicate that very small particles can cause ignition of adjacent explosives given the temperatures resulting from the chip forming process. These simulations are summarized in terms of non-dimensional variables. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOT (Pellets)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019956; Browning, Richard V. 1 Peterson, Paul D. 1 Roemer, Edward L. 1 Scammon, Richard J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p921; Subject Term: SHOT (Pellets); Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332992 Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780387
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019956&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garcia, Frank
AU  - Vandersall, Kevin S.
AU  - Forbes, Jerry W.
AU  - Tarver, Craig M.
AU  - Greenwood, Daniel
T1  - Pressure Wave Measurements Resulting from Thermal Cook-Off of the HMX Based High Explosive LX-04.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 947
EP  - 950
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Experiments that investigate thermal and nearby explosion scenarios are needed to provide essential data to models for accurate predictions. A porous LX-04 (85/15 wt% HMX/Viton) sample was heated in a heavily confined donor charge until it thermally exploded. The reaction accelerated a steel cover plate across a 10 cm gap into a preheated gauged acceptor cylinder (near its theoretical maximum density) of LX-04. The carbon resistor gauges in the acceptor measured the resulting multi-dimensional ramp wave as it propagated through the pre-heated LX-04. Detonation of the LX-04 acceptor does not occur. Results are compared to similar experiments with acceptors at room temperature. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIONS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - IRON & steel plates
KW  - ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019950; Garcia, Frank 1 Vandersall, Kevin S. 1 Forbes, Jerry W. 1 Tarver, Craig M. 1 Greenwood, Daniel 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p947; Subject Term: EXPLOSIONS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: IRON & steel plates; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780393
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019950&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gustavsen, R. L.
AU  - Sheffield, S. A.
AU  - Alcon, R. R.
T1  - Shock Initiation of “Virgin” and “Recycled” PBX 9502 Measured with Embedded Electromagnetic Particle Velocity Gauges.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 973
EP  - 976
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have completed a series of shock initiation experiments on two types of PBX 9502 (95 weight % dry aminated TATB explosive 5 weight % Kel-F 800 binder). “Virgin” PBX 9502 contains 100% newly formulated material. “Recycled” PBX 9502 contains 50% new material and 50% ground up PBX 9502 machining scraps. It was formulated because of the expense of manufacturing TATB. Experiments were performed on a two stage gas gun at Los Alamos. Samples were prepared with ten or eleven embedded electromagnetic particle velocity gauges to measure the evolution of the wave leading up to a detonation. Additionally, one to three shock tracker gauges were used to track the position of the shock front with time and determine the point where detonation was achieved. Analysis yielded particle velocity - shock velocity (US -uP) Hugoniot points and run distances and times to detonation as a function of initial pressure. All results are consistent with previously published results on a different lot of Virgin PBX 9502 which were obtained with different experimental techniques. No significant differences in the shock sensitivity of the two formulations were observed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - GAGES
KW  - ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019944; Gustavsen, R. L. 1 Sheffield, S. A. 1 Alcon, R. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Group DX-2: Material Dynamics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p973; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: GAGES; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780399
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019944&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harry, Herbert H.
AU  - Uher, Kenneth J.
AU  - Hagelberg, Stephanie I.
T1  - The Poly-rho Test as a Tool for Screening Explosive Performance.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 977
EP  - 980
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A screening test was developed that can be used to decide if a new synthesized/formulated explosive might warrant further development. The test consists of a rate stick composed of 12.7 mm diameter by 12.7 mm high pellets of different densities ordered from lowest to highest, with ignition occurring at the low-density end of the stick. This “Poly-rho” test yields detonation velocities over a range of densities using only the small amount of the explosive typically generated by the synthetic organic chemist at an early stage of the scale-up process. The amount of material required is far less than that required for the typical rate stick series. Poly-rho tests on two explosives commonly used at Los Alamos National Laboratory, PBX 9501 and PBX 9502, were conducted and the results compared with empirical detonation-theory predictions and others’ explosive experiments. There was good agreement in both cases. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - SPEED
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019943; Harry, Herbert H. 1 Uher, Kenneth J. 1 Hagelberg, Stephanie I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Material Dynamics Group, DX-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p977; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780400
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019943&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henson, B. F.
AU  - Smilowitz, L.
AU  - Asay, B. W.
AU  - Romero, J. J.
AU  - Oschwald, D. M.
AU  - Dickson, P. M.
T1  - Measurement of the Specific Area of HMX and PBX 9501 by Physical Adsorption.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 981
EP  - 984
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present physical adsorption data on HMX and PBX 9501. Adsorption isotherms were obtained by pressure measurements using Krypton at liquid nitrogen temperatures. The data were analyzed to obtain the specific area of the samples. We observed a particle size dependence in the HMX crystals with small crystals having specific areas consistent with a solid geometric particle with the aspect ratio of an oblate spheroid. The larger particles, however, had specific areas above those predicted by the simple geometric surface area. This implies that the surface area of the larger particles is dominated by internal porosity and is relatively independent of particle size above approximately 100 micron diameter. The specific area of PBX 9501 was measured and agreed with that predicted by a calculation based on the particle size distribution and measured specific area of the component crystals. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - KRYPTON
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - PARTICLE size distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 14019942; Henson, B. F. 1 Smilowitz, L. 1 Asay, B. W. 2 Romero, J. J. 1 Oschwald, D. M. 2 Dickson, P. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Dynamic Experimentation, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p981; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: KRYPTON; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: PARTICLE size distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780401
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019942&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hooks, D. E.
AU  - Dick, J. J.
AU  - Martinez, A. R.
T1  - Shock Experiments on Explosive Single Crystals.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 985
EP  - 988
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An increasing interest in the properties of single crystals of high explosives necessitates a continuing supply of these crystal samples. An overview of our capabilities for single crystal sample preparation and characterization will be discussed. Large single crystals are grown, then cut along specific Miller planes and polished. Perfection and orientation are confirmed through optical techniques and transmission Laue X-ray diffraction. Gas-gun impact experiments were performed on three orientations of HMX crystals. The experiments measured decay of the elastic precursor shock along the (110), (011), and (010) planes. The results show that the (010) plane has higher strength and lower decay rates, by a factor of almost 2, than the other two. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - IMPACT (Mechanics)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019941; Hooks, D. E. 1 Dick, J. J. 1 Martinez, A. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p985; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: IMPACT (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780402
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019941&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horie, Y.
AU  - Hamate, Y.
AU  - Greening, D.
AU  - Dey, T.
T1  - Reactive Burn Modeling of Solid Explosives with a Statistical Treatment of Hot Spots in Two Spatial Dimensions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 989
EP  - 992
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper is a companion report to “A Statistical Approach on Mechanistic Modeling of High Explosives Ignition” in this proceedings. We present a generalization of the burn model for applications in multi-dimensions. The model is implemented on the hydrocode called “CASH.” We describe two test calculations in a cylindrical geometry. The first is concerned with the ignition by impact, followed by quenching. The second is the propagation of a steady detonation wave. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019940; Horie, Y. 1 Hamate, Y. 1 Greening, D. 1 Dey, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p989; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780403
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019940&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parker, G. R.
AU  - Asay, B. W.
AU  - Dickson, P. M.
AU  - Henson, B. F.
AU  - Smilowitz, L. B.
T1  - Effect of Thermal Damage on the Permeability of PBX 9501.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1009
EP  - 1012
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - It has been known for many years that thermally-damaged explosive has significantly different mechanical properties when compared to its pristine state. These differences can have profound effects on the response to external stimuli. We present the results of a study to examine the effects of dynamic thermal damage on the permeability of PBX 9501 and compare these results with a nonenergetic simulant. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PERMEABILITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14019935; Parker, G. R. 1 Asay, B. W. 1 Dickson, P. M. 1 Henson, B. F. 1 Smilowitz, L. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1009; Subject Term: METALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780408
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019935&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saw, Cheng K.
AU  - Tarver, Craig M.
T1  - Binder/HMX Interaction in PBX9501 at Elevated Temperatures.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1029
EP  - 1032
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Plastic bonded explosives (PBX) generally consist of 85–95 % by weight energetic material, such as HMX, and 5–15 % polymeric binder. Understanding of the structure and morphology at elevated temperatures and pressures is important for predicting of PBX behavior in accident scenarios. The crystallographic behavior of pure HMX has been measured as functions of temperature and grain size. The investigation is extended to the high temperature behavior of PBX 9501 (95% HMX, 2.5 % Estane, 2.5 % BDNPA/F). The results show that the HMX β- to δ-phase transition in PBX 9501 is similar to that in neat HMX. However, in the presence of the PBX 9501 binder, δ-phase HMX readily converts back to β-phase during cooling. Using the same temperature profile, the conversion rate decreases for each subsequent heating and cooling cycle. As observed in earlier experiments, no reverse conversion is observed without the polymer binder. It is proposed that the reversion of δ-phase to β-phase is due to changes in the surface molecular potential caused by the influence of the polymer binder on the δ-phase. Upon thermal cycling, the polymer binder segregates from the HMX particles and thus reduces the influence of the binder on the surface molecules. This segregation increases the resistance for the δ-phase to β-phase transition, as demonstrated in an aged PBX 9501 material for which the reversion is not observed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEATING
N1  - Accession Number: 14019930; Saw, Cheng K. 1 Tarver, Craig M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East Avenue L-350, Livermore, CA 94551 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1029; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEATING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780413
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019930&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheffield, S. A.
AU  - Gustavsen, R. L.
AU  - Alcon, R. R.
AU  - Robbins, D. L.
AU  - Stahl, D. B.
T1  - High Pressure Hugoniot and Reaction Rate Measurements in PBX9501.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1033
EP  - 1036
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Single-stage and two-stage gas gun experiments have been completed to measure the unreacted Hugoniot of PBX9501 high explosive (HE). Two types of experiments were done: 1) PBX9501 was impacted with a higher impedance projectile and the interface particle velocity history was measured using a magnetic gauge glued to the HE front; 2) a PBX9501 disc was mounted in the front of a projectile that impacted a LiF window and velocity interferometers (VISAR) were used to measure the impact interface particle velocity history. Inputs to the PBX9501 ranged from 3 to 15 GPa in these experiments. Particle velocity waveforms show an induction time followed by a particle velocity change (the nature of the change depends on the type of experiment) corresponding to shock-induced reaction in the PBX9501. The induction part of the waveform provided unreacted Hugoniot information so several new high-pressure Hugoniot points were generated. These data do not indicate a softening in the unreacted Hugoniot at high pressures; more experiments will be necessary to determine this. By using an estimate for the reaction product EOS, it was possible to estimate the average PBX9501 initial reaction rate for each experiment. The induction time decreases with pressure and the reaction rate increases with pressure. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - COAL gas
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - PROJECTILES
KW  - SPEED
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019929; Sheffield, S. A. 1 Gustavsen, R. L. 1 Alcon, R. R. 1 Robbins, D. L. 1 Stahl, D. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1033; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: COAL gas; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: PROJECTILES; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780414
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019929&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smilowitz, L.
AU  - Henson, B. F.
AU  - Asay, B. W.
AU  - Dickson, P. M.
AU  - Oschwald, D. M.
AU  - Romero, J. J.
AU  - Parker, G.
T1  - Morphology Changes during Thermal Decomposition of PBX9501.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1037
EP  - 1040
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Our goal is to be able to predict the morphology of PBX9501 as a function of time at temperature. This is necessary in order to be able to predict the behavior of material that has been subjected to a known temperature trajectory. We have begun by studying the mechanism of the initial solid state phase transition between the beta and delta phases of HMX. This leads to a volume expansion and a large degree of mechanical damage in the material. On continued heating above the solid-solid phase transition, a solid to gas transformation occurs. We have monitored the solid to gas transition as a function of isothermal temperature and particle size in order to address mechanistic questions concerning chemical production of gas phase species by surface regression or internal pore formation. We have also performed experiments to characterize the morphology changes in the material caused by the loss of solid mass. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - COAL gas
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - SOLIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019928; Smilowitz, L. 1 Henson, B. F. 1 Asay, B. W. 2 Dickson, P. M. 2 Oschwald, D. M. 2 Romero, J. J. 1 Parker, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Dynamic Experimentation, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1037; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: COAL gas; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780415
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019928&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Straight, J. W.
AU  - Idar, D. J.
AU  - Smith, L.
AU  - Osborn, M. A.
AU  - Viramontes, L. E.
AU  - Chavez, P. J.
T1  - Measuring the Energy Release of Low Amplitude Impact of High Explosive Events.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1041
EP  - 1044
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Predicting the degree of violence of high explosive (HE) reactions for a given event is desirable for risk assessments and a goal for computational models. Historically, different types of low amplitude impact tests on HE specimens have been performed to determine the critical impact-velocity threshold for high explosive violent reactions (HEVR). Additionally, the energy release relative to a steady-state detonation is also desirable for assessing the potential outcome of an accidental event. Traditionally, blast gauge measurements have been used to measure the overpressure of the HEVR event at a defined distance. This paper summarizes the use of this active technique coupled with a passive technique to derive average energy release curves for Modified Steven tests. A classic ballistic pendulum design was employed with the traditional blast gauge method. Calibration of the ballistic pendulum involved three elements. First, two mechanical measurements were related to the actual peak swing of the pendulum. Second, the general nature of the swing versus energy release curve was estimated. Two different approaches were used to estimate the momenta as a function of HE energy release using the Gurney relationships for an unsymmetrical sandwich. Finally, both techniques were simultaneously benchmarked with PBX 9501 calibration charges. Test results demonstrate the utility of using coupled diagnostic methods for low amplitude insult testing. Each set of data was fit to derive a working curve for the determination of the average energy release for HEVR event based on mass relative to a steady-state detonation. These tests results and working curve derivations are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - BLASTING
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - PENDULUMS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019927; Straight, J. W. 1 Idar, D. J. 1 Smith, L. 1 Osborn, M. A. 1 Viramontes, L. E. 1 Chavez, P. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory P. O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1041; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: BLASTING; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: PENDULUMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213115 Support Activities for Nonmetallic Minerals (except Fuels) Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213113 Support Activities for Coal Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780416
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019927&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Switzer, Lori L.
AU  - Vandersall, Kevin S.
AU  - Chidester, Steven K.
AU  - Greenwood, Daniel W.
AU  - Tarver, Craig M.
T1  - Threshold Studies of Heated HMX-Based Energetic Material Targets Using the Steven Impact Test.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1045
EP  - 1048
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Impact tests performed at low velocity on heated energetic material samples are of interest when considering the situation of energetic materials involved in a fire. To determine heated reaction thresholds, Steven Test targets containing PBX 9404 or LX-04 samples heated to the range of 150–170°C were impacted at velocities up to 150 m/s by two different projectile head geometries. Comparing these measured thresholds to ambient temperature thresholds revealed that the heated LX-04 thresholds were considerably higher than ambient, whereas the heated PBX 9404 thresholds were only slightly higher than the ambient temperature thresholds. The violence of reaction level of the PBX 9404 was considerably higher than that of the LX-04 as measured with four overpressure gauges. The varying results in these samples with different HMX/binder configurations indicate that friction plays a dominant role in reaction ignition during impact. This work outlines the experimental details, compares the thresholds and violence levels of the heated and ambient temperature experiments, and discusses the dominant mechanisms of the measured thresholds. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TESTING
KW  - SPEED
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - FIRE
KW  - PROJECTILES
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14019926; Switzer, Lori L. 1 Vandersall, Kevin S. 1 Chidester, Steven K. 1 Greenwood, Daniel W. 1 Tarver, Craig M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1045; Subject Term: TESTING; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: FIRE; Subject Term: PROJECTILES; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780417
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019926&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urtiew, P. A.
AU  - Forbes, J. W.
AU  - Tarver, C. M.
AU  - Vandersall, K. S.
AU  - Garcia, F.
AU  - Greenwood, D. W.
AU  - Hsu, P. C.
AU  - Maienschein, J. L.
T1  - Shock Sensitivity of LX-04 Containing Delta Phase HMX at Elevated Temperatures.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1053
EP  - 1056
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - LX-04 is a widely used HMX-based plastic bonded explosive, which contains 85 weight % HMX and 15 weight % Viton binder. The sensitivity of LX-04 to a single stimulus such as heat, impact, and shock has been previously studied. However, hazard scenarios can involve multiple stimuli, such as heating to temperatures close to thermal explosion conditions followed by fragment impact, producing a shock in the hot explosive. The sensitivity of HMX at elevated temperatures is further complicated by the beta to delta solid-state phase transition, which occurs at approximately 165°C. This paper presents the results of shock initiation experiments conducted with LX-04 preheated to 190°C, as well as density measurements and small scale safety test results of the δ phase HMX at room temperature. This work shows that LX-04 at 190°C is more shock sensitive than LX-04 at 150°C or 170°C due to the volume increase during the β to δ solid phase transition, which creates more hot spots, and the faster growth of reaction during shock compression. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - HEAT
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - DENSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14019924; Urtiew, P. A. 1 Forbes, J. W. 1 Tarver, C. M. 1 Vandersall, K. S. 1 Garcia, F. 1 Greenwood, D. W. 1 Hsu, P. C. 1 Maienschein, J. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1053; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: DENSITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780419
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019924&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vandersall, Kevin S.
AU  - Murty, Susarla S.
AU  - Chidester, Steven K.
AU  - Forbes, Jerry W.
AU  - Garcia, Frank
AU  - Greenwood, Daniel W.
AU  - Tarver, Craig M.
T1  - Investigation of Steven Impact Test Using a Transportation Hook Projectile with Gauged Experiments and 3D Modeling.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1057
EP  - 1060
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Steven Impact Test and associated modeling offer valuable practical predictions for evaluating numerous safety scenarios involving low velocity impact of energetic materials by different projectile geometries. One such scenario is the impact of energetic material by a transportation hook during shipping, which offers complexity because of the irregular hook projectile shape. Experiments were performed using gauged Steven Test targets with PBX9404 impacted by a transportation hook projectile to compliment previous non-gauged experiments that established an impact threshold of approximately 69 m/s. Modeling of these experiments was performed with LS-DYNA code using an Ignition and Growth reaction criteria with a friction term. Comparison of the experiment to the model shows reasonable agreement with some details requiring more attention. The experimental results (including carbon resistor gauge records), model calculations, and a discussion of the dominant reaction mechanisms in light of comparisons between experiment and model will be presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TESTING
KW  - SPEED
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - SHIPPING (Water transportation)
KW  - PROJECTILES
N1  - Accession Number: 14019923; Vandersall, Kevin S. 1 Murty, Susarla S. 1 Chidester, Steven K. 1 Forbes, Jerry W. 1 Garcia, Frank 1 Greenwood, Daniel W. 1 Tarver, Craig M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National laboratory Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1057; Subject Term: TESTING; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: SHIPPING (Water transportation); Subject Term: PROJECTILES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488511 Marine shipping agencies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488330 Navigational Services to Shipping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 483115 Deep sea, coastal and Great Lakes water transportation (except by ferries); NAICS/Industry Codes: 488390 Other Support Activities for Water Transportation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780420
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019923&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vitello, Peter
AU  - Fried, Laurence E.
AU  - Pudliner, Brian
AU  - McAbee, Tom
T1  - Sparse Partial Equilibrium Tables in Chemically Resolved Reactive Flow.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1061
EP  - 1064
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The detonation of an energetic material is the result of a complex interaction between kinetic chemical reactions and hydrodynamics. Unfortunately, little is known concerning the detailed chemical kinetics of detonations in energetic materials. CHEETAH uses rate laws to treat species with the slowest chemical reactions, while assuming other chemical species are in equilibrium. CHEETAH supports a wide range of elements and condensed detonation products and can also be applied to gas detonations. A sparse hash table of equation of state values is used in CHEETAH to enhance the efficiency of kinetic reaction calculations. For large-scale parallel hydrodynamic calculations, CHEETAH uses parallel communication to updates to the cache. We present here details of the sparse caching model used in the CHEETAH coupled to an ALE hydrocode. To demonstrate the efficiency of modeling using a sparse cache model we consider detonations in energetic materials. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
N1  - Accession Number: 14019922; Vitello, Peter 1 Fried, Laurence E. 1 Pudliner, Brian 1 McAbee, Tom 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1061; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780421
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019922&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Duan Z.
T1  - Shock Dispersion in Composite Material with Polymer Binder.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
EP  - 1076
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Many composite materials consist of elastic particles held together by a soft polymeric binder. Usually, the stress in the binder is strain rate dependent. Although in many cases the binder only occupies a few percent of the volume of the material, the macroscopic strain and strain rate of the composite come mainly from the deformation of the binder. For this reason, the strain and strain rate experienced by the binder are usually an order of magnitude larger than the macroscopic strain and strain rate of the composite, and the composite is more sensitive to the strain rate than the binder itself. To model shock wave propagation in the composite, it is essential to correctly account for the stress relaxation in the polymer. Modeling polymer behavior undergoing high strain rate deformations has been a challenge for many conventional polymer models. Recently, based on non-equilibrium deformation of polymer segments, a new constitutive relation for polymer gels has been developed. A distinguishing feature of the new polymer model is that for a short time, the stress relaxation kernel is inversely proportional to the square root of time. The kernel asymptotes to an exponentially decaying function only for long relaxation times. Based on the newly developed polymer model, a simple model for the particle-binder composite is obtained. Numerical simulations are carried out to compare shock wave profiles obtained from plate impact experiments at various shock strengths. Excellent agreements are found. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - BINDING agents
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14019919; Zhang, Duan Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory Theoretical Division, Fluid Dynamics Group, T-3, B216 Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1073; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: BINDING agents; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780424
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019919&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Funk, David J.
AU  - Meserole, C. A.
AU  - Hof, D. E.
AU  - Fisher, G. L.
AU  - Roberts, J.
AU  - Taylor, A.J.
AU  - Lee, H. J.
AU  - Workman, J.
AU  - McCulloch, Q.
T1  - An Ultrafast X-Ray Diffraction Apparatus for the Study of Shock Waves.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1155
EP  - 1158
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The use of X-ray diffraction for the study of shock physics has been pursued for decades. Conceptually, changes in the diffraction line, including broadening and shifts, provide details about the nature of compression, plasticity, phase, and kinetics of the phase transition for the material being shock-loaded. In practice, X-ray source brightness, sample preparation, and turn-around times have limited the applicability to a few crystalline systems. We report our development of an ultrafast X-ray diffraction instrument suitable for studying rapid phase changes, including both solid-solid and solid-melt, in shock-loaded materials. Due to the relatively small sample sizes needed and to the ability to conduct thousands of shock physics experiments with these small samples, we can build up the statistics required to study elastic-plastic transitions, the kinetics of phase changes, as well as the mechanistic details of phase changes in nearly all materials, including high-Z samples. An overview of the technique and our initial source characterization are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - SHOCK waves -- Diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019900; Funk, David J. 1 Meserole, C. A. 1 Hof, D. E. 1 Fisher, G. L. 1 Roberts, J. 1 Taylor, A.J. 1 Lee, H. J. 1 Workman, J. 1 McCulloch, Q. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1155; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHOCK waves -- Diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780443
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019900&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furnish, M. D.
AU  - Trott, W. M.
AU  - Mason, J.
AU  - Podsednik, J.
AU  - Reinhart, W. D.
AU  - Hall, C.
T1  - Assessing Mesoscale Material Response via High-Resolution Line-Imaging VISAR.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1159
EP  - 1162
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Of special promise for providing dynamic mesoscale response data is the line-imaging VISAR, an instrument for providing spatially resolved velocity histories in dynamic experiments. We have prepared a line-imaging VISAR system capable of spatial resolution in the 10 – 20 micron range. We are applying this instrument to selected experiments on a compressed gas gun, chosen to provide initial data for several problems of interest, including: (1) pore-collapse in single-crystal copper (70 micron diameter hole; 2 different versions); and (2) response of a welded joint in dissimilar materials (Ta, Nb) to ramp loading relative to that of a compression joint. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - SPATIAL systems
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019899; Furnish, M. D. 1 Trott, W. M. 1 Mason, J. 1 Podsednik, J. 2 Reinhart, W. D. 1 Hall, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque NM 87185  2: Ktech Corp, 2201 Buena Vista SE, Ste 400, Albuquerque, NM 87106-4265; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1159; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: SPATIAL systems; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780444
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019899&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gehr, R. J.
AU  - Bucholtz, S. M.
AU  - Rupp, T. D.
AU  - Robbins, D. L.
AU  - Stahl, D. B.
AU  - Sheffield, S. A.
T1  - Line ORVIS Particle Velocity Measurements on the Laser-Driven Miniflyer Apparatus.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1163
EP  - 1166
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A line optically-recording velocity interferometer system (ORVIS) was used to measure laser-driven flyer plates impacting windows of various materials. Since the particle velocity can be measured along a line, half the line measured the acceleration of the flyer plate as well as the effect of the impact on the window. The other half of the line measured the jump in particle velocity upon impact with the window because the window was mirrored on that half. This provided information about the flyer velocity and two independent measurements of the interface particle velocity resulting from the flyer impact. Hugoniot data for copper flyers were obtained. In addition, the flatness of the flyer plate during its acceleration and the effect of this flatness on the Hugoniot data obtained are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - SPEED
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019898; Gehr, R. J. 1 Bucholtz, S. M. 1 Rupp, T. D. 1 Robbins, D. L. 2 Stahl, D. B. 2 Sheffield, S. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Honeywell Federal Manufacturing & Technologies, Los Alamos, NM 87544  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1163; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780445
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019898&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lemke, Raymond W.
AU  - Knudson, Marcus D.
AU  - Davis, Jean-Paul
AU  - Bliss, David E.
AU  - Harjes, H. Chuck
T1  - Self Consistent, 2D Magneto-Hydrodynamic Simulations of Magnetically Driven Flyer Plate Experiments on the Z-Machine.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1175
EP  - 1180
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The intense magnetic field generated in the 20 MA Z-machine is used to accelerate metallic flyer plates to high velocity (peak velocity ∼ 20–30 km/s) for the purpose of generating strong shocks (peak pressure ∼ 5–10 Mb) in equation of state experiments. We have used the Sandia developed, 2D magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulation code ALEGRA to investigate the physics of accelerating flyer plates using multi-megabar magnetic drive pressures. Through detailed analysis of experimental data using ALEGRA, we developed a 2D, predictive MHD model for simulating material science experiments on Z. The ALEGRA MHD model accurately produces measured time dependent flyer velocities. Details of the ALEGRA model are presented. Simulation and experimental results are compared and contrasted for shots using standard and shaped current pulses whose peak drive pressure is ∼2 Mb. Isentropic compression of Al to 1.7 Mb is achieved by shaping the current pulse. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - PLATES (Engineering)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - HIGH energy forming
KW  - ELECTROHYDRAULIC effect
N1  - Accession Number: 14019895; Lemke, Raymond W. 1 Knudson, Marcus D. 1 Davis, Jean-Paul 1 Bliss, David E. 1 Harjes, H. Chuck 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1186; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1175; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLATES (Engineering); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: HIGH energy forming; Subject Term: ELECTROHYDRAULIC effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332313 Plate Work Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780448
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019895&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGrane, S. D.
AU  - Moore, D. S.
AU  - Funk, D. J.
T1  - Measurement of Shocked Thin Polymer Film Hugoniot Properties with Ultrafast Dynamic Ellipsometry.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1181
EP  - 1186
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The shocked refractive index, particle velocity, and shock velocity are determined for laser shocked transparent thin polymer films using multiple angle/multiple polarization ultrafast microscopic interferometry to measure dynamic ellipsometric properties. The interferometry of shocked thin films exhibits phase shifts caused by (1) surface displacement of the Al/thin film interface and (2) interference of multiple reflections off the moving shocked/unshocked thin film interface. Results from interferometric measurements as a function of shock strength over the range 2–20 GPa illustrate that 625 nm polymethylmethacrylate films have the same material response to shock loading (Hugoniot) as macroscopic samples shocked with traditional plane wave generation techniques (from literature). Results for polyvinylnitrate thin films are presented over the range approximately 2–22 GPa. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - REFRACTIVE index
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE
N1  - Accession Number: 14019894; McGrane, S. D. 1 Moore, D. S. 1 Funk, D. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Material Dynamics Group, MS P952, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87544; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1181; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: REFRACTIVE index; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780449
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019894&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meserole, C. A.
AU  - Fisher, G. L.
AU  - Funk, D. J.
T1  - Synthesis of Ideal Iron Film Samples for Shock Physics Experiments Using Ultrafast X-Ray Diffraction.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1187
EP  - 1190
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The fabrication of iron (Fe) films epitaxially grown on single crystal magnesium oxide (MgO) substrates is presented. Our goal is the creation of ideal crystalline iron samples for shock physics experiments using ultrafast x-ray diffraction. There are several reasons for the choice of the Fe/MgO system. Iron is known to undergo shock-induced structural changes, and MgO is selected because it is a) transparent to the laser light used to generate the shock in the Fe film and b) there is only a 4% lattice mismatch between Fe and MgO. Issues such as generating a specific crystallographic orientation in the iron film and technical challenges in the synthetic process are discussed. The ultimate goal for producing a single crystal Fe film on MgO is to allow the merger of theory and experiment. A new ultrafast x-ray diffraction experiment will permit the detection of laser-driven shock-induced phase changes in the crystalline Fe samples. These experiments will complement an elegant MD investigation of a shocked Fe crystal.p. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - THIN films
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - IRON crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 14019893; Meserole, C. A. 1 Fisher, G. L. 1 Funk, D. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1187; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: IRON crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780450
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019893&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reinovsky, R. E.
AU  - Anderson, W. E.
AU  - Atchison, W. L.
AU  - Faehl, R. J.
AU  - Keinigs, R. K.
AU  - Lindemuth, I. R.
AU  - Thompson, M. C.
AU  - Taylor, A.
T1  - Shock-Wave and Material Properties Experiments Using the Los Alamos Atlas Pulsed Power System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1191
EP  - 1194
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Atlas facility built by Los Alamos is the world’s first and only laboratory pulsed power system designed specifically to provide capability for shock-wave physics, materials properties, instability, and hydrodynamics experiments in converging geometry. Constructed in 2000 and commissioned in August 2001, Atlas completed its first year of physics experiments in October 2002, using ultra high precision magnetically imploded, cylindrical liners to reliably and reproducibly convert electrical energy to hydrodynamic energy in targets whose volume is many cubic centimeters. Multi-view (transverse and axial) radiography, laser-illuminated shadowgraphy, and VISAR measurements of liner and target surface motion, in addition to electrical diagnostics, provide a detailed description of the behavior of the experimental package. In the first year material damage and failure experiments, dynamic friction experiments, and a family of converging shock experiments were conducted in addition to a detailed series of liner implosion characterization experiments. These experiments will continue and additional series to evaluate material strength at very high rates of strain, ejecta formation from surfaces, and instability growth at interfaces will be added in the future. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14019892; Reinovsky, R. E. 1 Anderson, W. E. 1 Atchison, W. L. 1 Faehl, R. J. 1 Keinigs, R. K. 1 Lindemuth, I. R. 1 Thompson, M. C. 1 Taylor, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: MS D420, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1191; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780451
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019892&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosolanková, K.
AU  - Kalantar, D. H.
AU  - Belak, J. F.
AU  - Bringa, E. M.
AU  - Caturla, M. J.
AU  - Hawreliak, J.
AU  - Holian, B. L.
AU  - Kadau, K.
AU  - Lomdahl, P. S.
AU  - Germann, T. C.
AU  - Ravelo, R.
AU  - Sheppard, J.
AU  - Wark, J. S.
T1  - X-Ray Diffraction from Shocked Crystals: Experiments and Predictions of Molecular Dynamics Simulations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1195
EP  - 1198
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - When a crystal is subjected to shock compression beyond its Hugoniot Elastic Limit (HEL), the deformation it undergoes is composed of elastic and plastic strain components. In situ time-dependent X-ray diffraction, which allows direct measurement of lattice spacings, can be used to investigate such phenomena. This paper presents recent experimental results of X-ray diffraction from shocked fcc crystals. Comparison is made between experimental data and simulated X-ray diffraction using a post-processor to Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of shocked fcc crystals. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - NUCLEATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14019891; Rosolanková, K. 1 Kalantar, D. H. 2 Belak, J. F. 2 Bringa, E. M. 2 Caturla, M. J. 2 Hawreliak, J. 1 Holian, B. L. 3 Kadau, K. 3 Lomdahl, P. S. 3 Germann, T. C. 4 Ravelo, R. 5 Sheppard, J. 1 Wark, J. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  4: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  5: Department of Physics, University of Texas, El Paso, Texas 79968-0515; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1195; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780452
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019891&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lawrence, R. J.
AU  - Grady, D. E.
AU  - Hall, C. A.
T1  - The Response of Ceramic Powders to High-Level Quasi-Isentropic Dynamic Loads.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1213
EP  - 1216
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The pulsed-power Z machine, in an isentropic compression experiment (ICE) mode, will allow the dynamic characterization of porous materials—here various ceramic powders, e.g., Al2O3, WC, ZrO2—at roughly half their solid densities. A cylindrical configuration can provide megabar-level loads on an annulus of the sample material. Data will be provided by velocity interferometers that measure free-surface (or possibly interface) particle velocities. Differing sample thicknesses using stepped or conical geometries yield experimental efficiency by allowing multiple data records on single shots. With the p/α model for porous materials, the one-dimensional Lagrangian hydrocode WONDY provides the needed analyses. Based on static data, both power-law and quadratic crush curves are employed. Within the model constraints, we suggest that the most important parameter for characterizing the material is the crush strength, ps. With adequate sample thicknesses, the planned velocity measurements differentiate among the various assumptions for ps. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMIC powders
KW  - ISENTROPIC expansion
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
N1  - Accession Number: 14019887; Lawrence, R. J. 1 Grady, D. E. 2 Hall, C. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185  2: Applied Research Associates, Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87111; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1213; Subject Term: CERAMIC powders; Subject Term: ISENTROPIC expansion; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780456
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019887&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nguyen, Jeffrey H.
AU  - Orlikowski, Daniel
AU  - Streitz, Frederick H.
AU  - Holmes, Neil C.
AU  - Moriarty, John A.
T1  - Specifically Prescribed Dynamic Thermodynamic Paths and Resolidification Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1225
EP  - 1230
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We describe here a series of dynamic compression experiments using impactors with specifically prescribed density profiles. These functionally graded density impactors are composed of materials whose densities vary from about 0.1 g/cc to more than 15 g/cc. The density profile of these impactors can be tailored to generate specifically prescribed thermodynamic paths in the samples. These paths include quasi-isentropes as well as combinations of shocks, releases and quasi-isentropic compressions. The time-scale of these experiments ranges from nanoseconds to several microseconds. The strain-rates in the quasi-isentropic compression experiments vary from approximately 104s-1 to 106s-1. We applied the quasi-isentropic compression technique to study resolidification of molten bismuth and water. In the water experiments, the observed particle velocity exhibits a two-wave structure and the water-ice phase transition time scales consistently with the sample thickness. Hydrodynamic simulations also suggest resolidification of bismuth. However, the calculated sound velocities of bismuth need further investigation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - ISENTROPIC expansion
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - WATER
KW  - HIGH pressure measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 14019884; Nguyen, Jeffrey H. 1 Orlikowski, Daniel 1 Streitz, Frederick H. 1 Holmes, Neil C. 1 Moriarty, John A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1225; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: ISENTROPIC expansion; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: HIGH pressure measurements; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780459
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019884&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tasker, D. G.
AU  - Goforth, J. H.
AU  - Oona, H.
AU  - Fowler, C. M.
AU  - King, J. C.
AU  - Herrera, D.
AU  - Torres, D.
T1  - Advances in Isentropic Compression Experiments (ICE) Using High Explosive Pulsed Power.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1239
EP  - 1242
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We are developing a prototype high explosive pulsed power (HEPP) system to obtain isentropic Equation of State (EOS) data with the Asay technique. Our prototype system comprises a flat-plate explosive driven magnetic flux compression generator (FCG), an explosively formed fuse (EFF) opening switch, and a series of explosively-actuated closing switches. The FCG is capable of producing ∼10 MA into suitable loads, and, at a length of 216 mm, the EFF will sustain voltages in excess of 200 kV. The load has an inductance of ∼3 to 10 nH, allowing up to ∼7 MA to be delivered in times of ∼0.5 μs. This prototype will produce isentropic compression profiles in excess of 2 Mbar in a material such as tungsten. We will obtain isentropic EOS data for copper at pressures up to ∼1.5 Mbar with the prototype system, immediately after this conference; eventually we plan to reach several tens of Mbar with larger, more advanced systems. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - ELECTRIC inductance
KW  - ELECTRIC inductors
KW  - COPPER
KW  - TUNGSTEN
N1  - Accession Number: 14019881; Tasker, D. G. 1 Goforth, J. H. 1 Oona, H. 1 Fowler, C. M. 1 King, J. C. 1 Herrera, D. 1 Torres, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: DX-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1239; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductance; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductors; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780462
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019881&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baer, Bruce J.
AU  - Choong-Shik Yoo
T1  - Vibrational Spectra of Dense Molecular Fluids in a Laser-Heated DAC: Implications to Shock Compressed Fluids.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1249
EP  - 1252
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent technical advances have made it possible to obtain very useful spectroscopic information about simple molecules at temperatures and pressures exceeding 2000K and 10 GPa inside a diamond-anvil cell, which is well above any melting point for such systems. This is accomplished by obtaining vibrational spectra via Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy in conjunction with CW laser heating using a tungsten toroid as a laser target. By the simultaneous use of these techniques, vibrational spectra with relatively high signal to noise can be obtained despite the enormous thermal background generated by the incandescence of extremely hot laser heated material. Temperatures can be measured not only by fitting the Planck radiation to a graybody, but by the spectroscopic evidence of a Boltzmann distribution of molecules in their vibrationally excited quantum levels. Additionally, this technique allows for obtaining data at pressures and temperatures outside the region between the shock hugoniot and isentrope, complementing shock wave experiments. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MAXWELL-Boltzmann distribution law
KW  - SHOCK waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14019879; Baer, Bruce J. 1 Choong-Shik Yoo 1; Affiliation:  1: H-Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94566; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1249; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MAXWELL-Boltzmann distribution law; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780464
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019879&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenfield, S. R.
AU  - Swift, D. C.
AU  - Koskelo, A. C.
T1  - Transient Interferometric Studies of Shocked Bicrystals.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1269
EP  - 1272
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have used a full-field displacement interferometry technique known as Transient Interferometric Microscopy (TIM) to generate displacement maps of surface motion at several delay times for single dynamic loading events. The high lateral resolution and out-of-plane displacement sensitivity allow the rich details of the motion of a single grain relative to the surrounding material to be quantitatively measured. Simultaneous line VISAR measurements allow detailed understanding of the complex surface motion. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019874; Greenfield, S. R. 1 Swift, D. C. 2 Koskelo, A. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Diagnostics and Instrumentation Group, Chemistry Division  2: Plasma Physics Group, Physics Division Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1269; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780469
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, D. S.
AU  - McGrane, S. D.
AU  - Funk, D. J.
T1  - Ultrafast Spectroscopic Investigation of Shock Compressed Energetic Polymer Films.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1285
EP  - 1288
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Using ultrafast infrared absorption spectroscopy, we have observed shock induced changes to the vibrational spectra of nitrocellulose and polyvinyl nitrate films with ∼10 ps time resolution. The ca. 1 μm thin energetic polymer films were spin cast onto a thin (ca. 1 μm) aluminum shock driving layer, which had been vapor deposited onto a transparent substrate. A temporally-shaped ultrafast laser pulse was used to drive sustained shocks (10–20 ps rise, ∼200 ps at constant pressure) via laser ablation at the substrate/aluminum interface. The ultrafast infrared probing pulses, produced by optical parametric amplification and difference frequency generation techniques, provided ∼250 cm-1 coverage at ∼150 fs pulse length. The IR probe was split into reference and sample beams. The sample beam was reflected through the shocked energetic material, and both sample and reference beams were focused onto the slit of a small imaging IR spectrometer and then detected using a HgCdTe focal plane array. Reference spectra were used to normalize the sample absorption spectrum. Time-resolved changes of the absorption spectra were obtained by stepping the shock drive/probe time delay. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
N1  - Accession Number: 14019870; Moore, D. S. 1 McGrane, S. D. 1 Funk, D. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Dynamics Group, MS P952, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1285; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780473
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019870&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Partouche-Sebban, David
AU  - Pelissier, Jean-Louis
AU  - Anderson, William W.
AU  - Hixson, Robert S.
AU  - Holtkamp, David B.
T1  - Characterization of Sapphire for Optical Pyrometry in Shock Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1289
EP  - 1292
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Pyrometry measurements on shock-heated metals are often performed through a transparent anvil. Sapphire is an interesting anvil, but is also known to emit light when shocked above its Hugoniot Elastic Limit (HEL). To study its optical response, we have carried out experiments in the 15–37 GPa pressure range on c-cut sapphire in contact with a metallic sample (tin or bismuth) or a lithium fluoride window. Even though a significant amount of light is emitted by sapphire, we notice that the signal rise is directly related to the volume of sapphire under shock-loading. Consequently, the window emission can be subtracted to infer the thermal radiation originating from the metal under study. A theoretical calculation of the expected pyrometer signals supports that point of view. These results give evidence that sapphire, despite its shock-induced optical emission above the HEL, can be used as a transparent anvil for quantitative pyrometry measurements at medium and high shock pressures. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYROMETRY
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - SHOCK (Pathology)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019869; Partouche-Sebban, David 1,2; Email Address: david.partouche@cea.fr Pelissier, Jean-Louis 1 Anderson, William W. 3 Hixson, Robert S. 3 Holtkamp, David B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Commissariatal'Energie Atomique, 91680 Bruyeres Le Chdtel, France  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1289; Subject Term: PYROMETRY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: SHOCK (Pathology); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780474
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - David Partouche-Sebban
T1  - High Speed Multi-Wavelength Pyrometry and Emissivity Measurement of Shocked Metals.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1293
EP  - 1298
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In most shock experiments, the sample temperature needs to be measured in less than a microsecond. Currently, high-speed optical pyrometry seems to be the best way to perform this measurement. This is a challenge for any metal, particularly so at low shock pressures and for temperatures below 1000 K since, in this case, thermal flux is mostly emitted in the infrared spectrum where metal emissivities are generally low. An example of an optimized experimental design is presented, in which the strong optical background generally present in such experiments is eliminated. Moreover, when studying metals, pyrometry accuracy is mainly limited by the fact that the emissivity of the shock-loaded sample is not known accurately. As a result, we show how a careful choice of pyrometer wavelengths can minimize the effect of emissivity uncertainty. Finally, a recently developed technique based on integrated reflectometry allows measuring the sample surface emissivity during the experiment. It leads to a significant improvement on temperature accuracy and can be a means to detect phase transitions. Results on bismuth and tin are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
KW  - STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
N1  - Accession Number: 14019868; David Partouche-Sebban 1,2; Email Address: dmps@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, 91680 Bruyères Le Châtel, France  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1293; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Subject Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Subject Term: STATISTICAL hypothesis testing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780475
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019868&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bessette, G. C.
AU  - Lawrence, R. J.
AU  - Chhabildas, L. C.
AU  - Reinhart, W. D.
AU  - Thornhill, T. F.
AU  - Saul, W. V.
T1  - Multi-Dimensional Hydrocode Analyses of Penetrating Hypervelocity Impacts.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1323
EP  - 1326
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Eulerian hydrocode, CTH, has been used to study the interaction of hypervelocity flyer plates with thin targets at velocities from 6 to 11 km/s. These penetrating impacts produce debris clouds that are subsequently allowed to stagnate against downstream witness plates. Velocity histories from this latter plate are used to infer the evolution and propagation of the debris cloud. This analysis, which is a companion to a parallel experimental effort, examined both numerical and physics-based issues. We conclude that numerical resolution and convergence are important in ways we had not anticipated. The calculated release from the extreme states generated by the initial impact shows discrepancies with related experimental observations, and indicates that even for well-known materials (e.g., aluminum), high-temperature failure criteria are not well understood, and that non-equilibrium or rate-dependent equations of state may be influencing the results. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019862; Bessette, G. C. 1 Lawrence, R. J. 1 Chhabildas, L. C. 1 Reinhart, W. D. 1 Thornhill, T. F. 1 Saul, W. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1323; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780481
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019862&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoffman, Nelson M.
AU  - Swift, Damian C.
T1  - Predictions of the Microstructural Contribution to Instability Seeding in Beryllium ICF Capsules.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1339
EP  - 1342
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The constitutive properties of beryllium are anisotropic. During the implosion of an inertial confinement fusion capsule, it is possible for instabilities to be seeded from the microstructure. We are using experiment and theory to place constraints on the microstructure and loading history. The relation between surface roughness and amplitude of ablative Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities has been characterized well. Here we present a method of relating the microstructure to an equivalent surface roughness, using continuum mechanical simulations of shock waves in polycrystalline beryllium. Beryllium was treated using a single-crystal plasticity model developed using ab initio quantum mechanics for the equation of state and elasticity, and laser-driven shock wave measurements to calibrate representations of dislocation and disclination dynamics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - STEREOLOGY
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - RHEOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14019858; Hoffman, Nelson M. 1 Swift, Damian C. 2; Affiliation:  1: X-l Applied Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1339; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: STEREOLOGY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780485
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019858&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, G.
AU  - Roberts, J. P.
AU  - Taylor, A. J.
T1  - Electromagnetically-Driven Cylindrical 2-D Shockwave Profile Measurements in Water with Laser Shadowgraphy.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1351
EP  - 1354
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Experiments performed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory’s Atlas 23 MJ z-pinch capacitor bank facility allows for experimental characterization of electro-magnetically driven cylindrical shockwave implosions. Time resolved laser shadowgraphy is used to dynamically image an Atlas generated liner-target radial shock implosion in water with 2-D imaging detail that provides benchmark results for numerical hydro-code validation efforts at Los Alamos. Theoretical interest in these shock experiments arises since the shock propagation velocity is modified as shock-strengthening effects are predicted to occur as material flow approaches the region of on-axis convergence. Our laser shadowgraph measurements capture eight separate image frames of shockwave motion in the water with an overall spatial and temporal resolution of ±0.25 mm and 10 ns, respectively. Imaging of the shockwave radial shape and position inside the water volume allows for quantitative comparison with numerical simulations. A linear fit to the average radius 1-D shockwave trajectory plot yields a shock speed in the water of 6.65 mm/μs corresponding to a Mach 4 shock. Comparison of the measured shockwave trajectory with the numerical hydrodynamic simulation codes is performed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC devices
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019855; Rodriguez, G. 1 Roberts, J. P. 1 Taylor, A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1351; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC devices; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780488
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019855&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tokheim, R. E.
AU  - Erlich, D. C.
AU  - Curran, D. R.
AU  - Tobin, M.
AU  - Eder, D.
T1  - Aerogel Algorithm for Shrapnel Penetration Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1359
EP  - 1362
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - To aid in assessing shrapnel produced by laser-irradiated targets, we have performed shrapnel collection “BB gun” experiments in aerogel and have developed a simple analytical model for deceleration of the shrapnel particles in the aerogel. The model is similar in approach to that of Anderson and Ahrens (J. Geophys. Res., 99 El, 2063–2071, Jan. 1994) and accounts for drag, aerogel compaction heating, and the velocity threshold for shrapnel ablation due to conductive heating. Model predictions are correlated with the BB gun results at impact velocities up to a few hundred m/s and with NASA data for impact velocities up to 6 km/s. The model shows promising agreement with the data and will be used to plan and interpret future experiments. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019853; Tokheim, R. E. 1 Erlich, D. C. 1 Curran, D. R. 1 Tobin, M. 2 Eder, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1359; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780490
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019853&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buelow, S. J.
AU  - Anderson, J. E.
AU  - Aiken, A. C.
AU  - Arrington Jr., C. A.
AU  - Jones, B.
T1  - Mass Spectral Studies of Shocked Salts and Nitrocellulose Polymer Films.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1377
EP  - 1380
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A laser driven flyer was used to produce shocks in salt crystals and polymer films coated on stainless-steel substrates. Ions produced by the shock interaction were collected and analyzed by a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Experiments examining shocked inorganic salts produced simple spectra. The spectra indicated the breaking of both ionic and covalent bonds in the shocked salts. Experiments examining shocked nitrocellulose films 0.5 to 20 μm thick produced larger ion signals. The ions appeared to be emitted over a 1–2 microsecond period in a stochastic manner. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SALT crystals
KW  - LASERS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - IONS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019849; Buelow, S. J. 1 Anderson, J. E. 2 Aiken, A. C. 1 Arrington Jr., C. A. 3 Jones, B. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: C-PCS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: C-ADI, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  3: Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613  4: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston IL 60208; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1377; Subject Term: SALT crystals; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780494
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019849&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gammel, J. Tinka
AU  - Swift, Damian
AU  - Tierney IV, Tom
T1  - Shock Response of Iron on Nanosecond Time Scales.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1385
EP  - 1388
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Experiments were performed using direct laser irradiation to induce shock waves in pure Fe foils tens of microns thick, using surface velocimetry to measure the response. Compared with experiments on much thicker samples, relatively strong elastic precursors were observed, though these could be caused by the strong texture of the foils rather than the shorter time scale. There was also evidence for the onset of the bcc to hcp phase transition, starting close to the static phase boundary. Radiation hydrodynamics and continuum mechanical simulations were performed to interpret the velocity data, comparing several equations of state with polymorphism and strength. The data were consistent with a phase change rate of the order of 109/s, driven by superpressurization of about 5 GPa. The rate may also depend on texture. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 14019847; Gammel, J. Tinka 1 Swift, Damian 2 Tierney IV, Tom 2; Affiliation:  1: T-1 Equation of State, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1385; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780496
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019847&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, G.
AU  - Clarke, S. A.
AU  - Taylor, A. J.
AU  - Forsman, A.
T1  - Diagnosis of Ultrafast Laser-Heated Metal Surfaces and Plasma Expansion with Absolute Displacement Interferometry.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1401
EP  - 1404
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report on the development of a novel technique to measure the critical surface displacement in intense, ultrashort, laser-solid target experiments. Determination of the critical surface position is important for understanding near solid density plasma dynamics and transport from warm dense matter systems, and for diagnosing short scale length plasma expansion and hydrodynamic surface motion from short pulse, laser-heated, solid targets. Instead of inferring critical surface motion from spectral power shifts using a time-delayed probe pulse or from phase shifts using ultrafast pump-probe frequency domain interferometry (FDI), this technique directly measures surface displacement using a single ultrafast laser heating pulse. Our technique is based on an application of a Michelson Stellar interferometer to microscopic rather than stellar scales, and we report plasma scale length motion as small as 10 nm. We will present results for motion of plasmas generated from several target materials (Au, Al, Au on CH plastic) for a laser pulse intensity range from 1011 to 1016 W/cm2. Varying both, the pulse duration and the pulse energy, explores the dependence of the expansion mechanism on the energy deposited and on the peak intensity. Comparisons with hydrocodes reveal the applicability of hydrodynamic models. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - METALLIC surfaces
KW  - METALLOGRAPHY
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 14019843; Rodriguez, G. 1 Clarke, S. A. 1 Taylor, A. J. 1 Forsman, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Photonics Division, General Atomics, San Diego CA 92121; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1401; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: METALLIC surfaces; Subject Term: METALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780500
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019843&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rupp, Ted D.
AU  - Gehr, Russell J.
AU  - Bucholtz, Scott M.
AU  - Robbins, David L.
AU  - Stahl, David B.
AU  - Sheffield, Stephen A.
T1  - Stereo Camera System for Calibration and Analysis of Small Laser-Driven Flyer Plates.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1405
EP  - 1408
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In order to analyze the flatness of the laser-driven projectiles in flight, a stereo camera system was developed as a diagnostic device. One camera was placed above the target and another on the side, both at 20° from the beam axis. Data from a known three-dimensional calibration target was acquired and used to normalize the projectile data by removing magnification, camera angle drift, and other system variables. The target was also used to determine the displacement along the beam axis from parallax. A Q-switched laser producing 8-ns FWHM pulses was projected through a grid to illuminate the projectile at a designated time during flight. The resultant data was analyzed to produce a three-dimensional representation of the projectile at that time in the projectile flight. Results discussed include projectile flatness and tilt, and issues with plasma containment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEREOSCOPIC cameras
KW  - CAMERAS
KW  - PHOTOGRAPHIC equipment
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
N1  - Accession Number: 14019842; Rupp, Ted D. 1 Gehr, Russell J. 1 Bucholtz, Scott M. 1 Robbins, David L. 2 Stahl, David B. 2 Sheffield, Stephen A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Honeywell Federal Manufacturing & Technologies, Los Alamos, NM 87544  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1405; Subject Term: STEREOSCOPIC cameras; Subject Term: CAMERAS; Subject Term: PHOTOGRAPHIC equipment; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414430 Photographic equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443145 Camera and photographic supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423410 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780501
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019842&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmitt, Mark J.
AU  - Kopp, Roger A.
AU  - Moore, David S.
AU  - Mcgrane, Shawn D.
T1  - Analysis of Laser-Driven Shocks in Confined and Unconfined Geometries.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1409
EP  - 1412
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Pulsed lasers are convenient generators of shocks in materials. The efficacy of laser shock generation depends on several factors including laser-target coupling, laser pulse temporal shape and intensity, and the resultant pressure profile generated at the target surface. Target coupling is a dynamic mechanism that changes as the target surface evolves due to heating, ionization and ablation during laser irradiation. Confining a metal target surface using a transparent “tamper” material can increase the impulse transferred to the target, but also can cause decoupling of the laser energy from the target as the heated tamper begins to move the laser absorption region away from the metal surface. We have analyzed this process using the radiation hydrodynamics code Lasnex in an attempt to simulate experiments using planar targets and determine the coupling efficiency versus tamper material properties. Good agreement with experimental measurements of the shock pressure in Al and PMMA were obtain using laser absorption values of 40%. Dielectric tamping of the laser absorption increased the shock pressures by factors of 2 to 3. Further increases in pressure into the megabar regime were obtained inside the tamping dielectric as a radiatively-coupled ionization wave propagated back toward the laser. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 14019841; Schmitt, Mark J. 1 Kopp, Roger A. 1 Moore, David S. 1 Mcgrane, Shawn D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B259, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1409; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780502
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019841&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tierney, T. E.
AU  - Swift, D. C.
AU  - Johnson, R. P.
T1  - Novel Techniques for Laser-Irradiation Driven, Dynamic Materials Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1413
EP  - 1416
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Dynamic loading experiments are described using nanosecond scale laser pulses of 2 to 1000 GW/cm2 over a region 5 mm in diameter. The laser irradiance was tailored to generate shocks or quasi-isentropic compression. The experiments include novel diagnostic techniques with high temporal resolution: transient x-ray diffraction (TXD) and polarization-dependent reflectivity (ellipsometry). TXD uses a laser-produced plasma to form an x-ray source. These x rays are collimated by a pinhole to form a Bragg scattering source, which allowed powder lines to be detected from polycrystalline samples such as beryllium foils. Ellipsometry has been demonstrated with 50 ps resolution using the reflectance of a pulsed 660 nm laser from silicon and tin samples through lithium fluoride windows. Ellipsometry can indicate phase changes and potentially yields estimates of surface temperature via the dielectric conductivity. The combination of TXD and ellipsometry with VISAR measurements provides precision characterization of dynamic material properties at high pressures. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - LASERS
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - SILICON
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019840; Tierney, T. E. 1 Swift, D. C. 1 Johnson, R. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1413; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780503
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019840&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antoun, Tarabay H.
AU  - Lomov, Ilya N.
T1  - Simulation of a Spherical Wave Experiment in Marble Using a Multidirectional Damage Model.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1423
EP  - 1426
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper presents experimental results and computational simulations of spherical wave propagation in Danby marble. The experiment consisted of a 2-cm-diameter explosive charge detonated in the center of a cylindrical rock sample. Radial particle velocity histories were recorded at several concentric locations in the sample. An extensively damaged region near the charge cavity and two networks of cracks were evident in the specimen after the test. The first network consists of radial cracks emanating form the cavity and extending about halfway through the specimen. The second network consists of circumferential cracks occurring in a relatively narrow band that extends from the outer boundary of the radially cracked region toward the free surface. The experiment was simulated using the GEODYN code and a multi-directional damage model. The model is developed within the framework of a properly invariant nonlinear thermomechanical theory with damage represented by a second order tensor that admits load-induced anisotropy such as was observed in the experiment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - MARBLE
KW  - METAMORPHIC rocks
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL biology
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL ecology
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - MATERIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019838; Antoun, Tarabay H. 1 Lomov, Ilya N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1423; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: MARBLE; Subject Term: METAMORPHIC rocks; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL biology; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL ecology; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780505
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019838&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drummond, Neil D.
AU  - Swift, Damian C.
AU  - Ackland, Graeme J.
T1  - Ab Initio Model of Porous Periclase.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1436
EP  - 1439
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A two-phase equilibrium equation of state (EOS) for periclase (MgO) was constructed using ab initio quantum mechanics, including a rigorous calculation of quasiharmonic phonon modes. Much of the shock wave data reported for periclase is on porous material. We compared the theoretical EOS with porous data using a simple ‘snowplough’ treatment and also a model using finite equilibration rates suitable for continuum mechanics simulations. (This model has been applied previously to various heterogeneous explosives as well as other porous materials.) The results were consistent and matched the data well at pressures above the regime affected by strength — and ramp-wave formation — during compaction. Ab initio predictions of the response of porous material have been cited recently as a novel and advanced capability; we feel that this is a fairly routine extension to established ab initio techniques. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14019835; Drummond, Neil D. 1 Swift, Damian C. 2 Ackland, Graeme J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK  2: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, Edinburgh, UK; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1436; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780508
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019835&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lomov, Ilya N.
AU  - Antoun, Tarabay H.
AU  - Wagoner, Jeff
AU  - Rambo, John T.
T1  - Three Dimensional Simulation of the Baneberry Nuclear Event.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1462
EP  - 1465
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Baneberry, a 10-kiloton nuclear event, was detonated at a depth of 278 m at the Nevada Test Site on December 18, 1970. Shortly after detonation, radioactive gases emanating from the cavity were released into the atmosphere through a shock-induced fissure near surface ground zero. Extensive geophysical investigations, coupled with a series of 1D and 2D computational studies were used to reconstruct the sequence of events that led to the catastrophic failure. However, the geological profile of the Baneberry site is complex and inherently three-dimensional, which meant that some geological features had to be simplified or ignored in the 2D simulations. This left open the possibility that features unaccounted for in the 2D simulations could have had an important influence on the eventual containment failure of the Baneberry event. This paper presents results from a high-fidelity 3D Baneberry simulation based on the most accurate geologic and geophysical data available. The results are compared with available data, and contrasted against the results of the previous 2D computational studies. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR explosions
KW  - EXPLOSIONS
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - IMPACT (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 14020180; Lomov, Ilya N. 1 Antoun, Tarabay H. 1 Wagoner, Jeff 1 Rambo, John T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1462; Subject Term: NUCLEAR explosions; Subject Term: EXPLOSIONS; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: IMPACT (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780514
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020180&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, J. P.
AU  - Glenn, L. A.
AU  - Heuze, F. E.
AU  - Bonner, M. P.
T1  - Simulations of Underground Structures Subjected to Dynamic Loading Using the Distinct Element Method.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1470
EP  - 1473
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present preliminary results from a parameter study investigating the stability of underground structures in response to explosion-induced strong ground motions. In practice, even the most sophisticated site characterization may lack key details regarding precise joint properties and orientations within the rock mass. Thus, in order to place bounds upon the predicted behavior of a given facility, an extensive series of simulations representing different realizations may be required. The influence of both construction parameters (reinforcement, rock bolts,liners) and geological parameters (joint stiffness, joint spacing and orientation, and tunnel diameter to block size ratio) must be considered. We will discuss the distinct element method (DEM) with particular emphasis on techniques for achieving improved computational efficiency, including the handling of contact detection and approaches to parallelization. We also outline the continuum approaches we employ to obtain boundary conditions for the distinct element simulations. Finally, our DEM code is used to simulate dynamic loading of a generic subterranean facility in hardrock, demonstrating the suitability of the DEM for this application. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - UNDERGROUND construction -- Earthquake effects
KW  - UNDERGROUND construction
KW  - DYNAMIC testing
KW  - MATERIALS -- Testing
KW  - TESTING
KW  - EARTHWORK
N1  - Accession Number: 14020178; Morris, J. P. 1 Glenn, L. A. 1 Heuze, F. E. 1 Bonner, M. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Environment, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1470; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Subject Term: UNDERGROUND construction -- Earthquake effects; Subject Term: UNDERGROUND construction; Subject Term: DYNAMIC testing; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Testing; Subject Term: TESTING; Subject Term: EARTHWORK; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780516
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020178&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kennedy, James
AU  - Plaksin, Igor
AU  - Thomas, Keith
AU  - Martin, Eric
AU  - Kien-Yin Lee
AU  - Akinci, Adrian
AU  - Asay, Blaine
AU  - Campos, Jose
AU  - Direito, Jose
T1  - Instrumented Floret Tests of Detonation Spreading.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 706
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1500
EP  - 1503
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The floret test was originally devised to permit comparison of detonation-spreading performance of various insensitive explosive materials, using only the dent in a copper witness plate as a metric. Dent depth in the copper plate is directly related to the fraction of a thin acceptor pellet that was detonated by impact of a small explosive-driven flyer plate. We have now added instrumentation to quantitatively measure the detonation corner-turning behavior of IHEs. Results of multi-fiber optical probe measurements are shown for LLM-105 and UF-TATB explosive materials. Results are interpreted and compared with predictions from one reaction-rate model used to describe detonation spreading, and may be advantageous for comparison with other reactive-flow wave-code models. Detonation spreading in UF-TATB occurred with formation of a non-detonating region surrounding a detonating core, and re-establishment of detonation in a “lateral” direction beyond that region. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETONATION waves
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14020171; Kennedy, James 1 Plaksin, Igor 2 Thomas, Keith 1 Martin, Eric 1 Kien-Yin Lee 1 Akinci, Adrian 1 Asay, Blaine 1 Campos, Jose 2 Direito, Jose 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: LEDAP, U. Coimbra, PORTUGAL; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 706 Issue 1, p1500; Subject Term: DETONATION waves; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1780523
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoll, Hermann
AU  - Puzic, Aleksander
AU  - van Waeyenberge, Bartel
AU  - Fischer, Peter
AU  - Raabe, Joerg
AU  - Buess, Matthias
AU  - Haug, Thomas
AU  - Höllinger, Rainer
AU  - Back, Christian
AU  - Weiss, Dieter
AU  - Denbeaux, Gregory
T1  - High-resolution imaging of fast magnetization dynamics in magnetic nanostructures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/26/
VL  - 84
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3328
EP  - 3330
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - By combining magnetic transmission x-ray microscopy with a stroboscopic pump and probe technique using synchrotron radiation we are able to image the magnetization dynamics in micron sized magnetic particles on a sub-100 ps time scale with a lateral spatial resolution down to 21 nm. We report first observations in squared elements indicating locally varying precessional frequencies which are in agreement with micromagnetic simulations. The experiment opens a route towards a high spatiotemporal resolution of spin patterns which is needed to understand the microscopic origin of magnetization reversal of micron sized and nano-sized magnetic particles. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - MATERIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 12879363; Stoll, Hermann 1 Puzic, Aleksander 1 van Waeyenberge, Bartel 1 Fischer, Peter 1; Email Address: peter.fischer@mf.mpg.de Raabe, Joerg 2 Buess, Matthias 2 Haug, Thomas 2 Höllinger, Rainer 2 Back, Christian 2 Weiss, Dieter 2 Denbeaux, Gregory 3; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institute for Metals Research, Germany  2: Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, University Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 3193040 Regensburg, Germany  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CXRO, California; Source Info: 4/26/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 17, p3328; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1723698
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexander, C.S.
AU  - Cao, G.
AU  - Crow, J.E.
AU  - McCall, S.
T1  - Srn+1RunO3n+1: nature’s engineered multi-layered systems
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/04/28/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 2
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The 4d-electron based ruthenates, Srn+1RunO3n+1 (<F>n=1</F>, 2, 3 and infinity) are correlated electron systems characterized by ground states that are highly dependent on the interplay between spin, charge, lattice and orbital degrees of freedom. These materials, which represent another example of nature’s engineered layered systems, exhibit astonishing dimensionality-dependence of their physical properties and a wealth of novel physical phenomena including unconventional superconductivity, ferromagnetism, metamagnetism, and quantum criticality. The distinct behavior displayed by these materials largely deviates from that seen in the more extensively studied 3d-electron systems and underscores the subtlety of electronic structures in the spatially extended 4d-electron systems. Research of these materials, which has recently attracted growing attention from the condensed matter physics community, opens an avenue to explore new physics unique to the 4d-electrons, and address fundamental issues common in correlated electron systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - Curie–Weiss law
KW  - Srn+1RunO3n+1
KW  - TMO
N1  - Accession Number: 12745115; Alexander, C.S. 1 Cao, G.; Email Address: cao@magnet.fsu.edu Crow, J.E. 1 McCall, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 369 Issue 1/2, p2; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Curie–Weiss law; Author-Supplied Keyword: Srn+1RunO3n+1; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.09.094
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Kim, K.H.
AU  - Harrison, N.
AU  - Jorge, G.
AU  - Boebinger, G.S.
AU  - Mydosh, J.A.
T1  - Magnetic-field-induced critical behavior in the hidden-order compound URu2Si2
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/04/28/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
SN  - 09258388
AB  - We investigate the temperature and magnetic field dependences of the specific heat (C), magnetization and resistivity of URu2Si2 from <F>T&ap;0.5</F> to 20 K in continuous and pulsed magnetic fields up to 45 T. The specific heat versus temperature at constant magnetic field shows that the transition at <F>T0=17</F> K is shifted to lower temperatures and sharpened when the magnetic field increases, and is completely suppressed at <F>H&ap;35.5</F> T. Between ∼36 and ∼39 T we observe a new first-order anomaly in the specific heat versus temperature. Above 40 T a Schottky-like contribution develops. We also find evidence of metamagnetism at <F>H&ap;38</F> T. In the close proximity of the metamagnetic transition we observe evidence of quantum critical behavior in the temperature dependence of the resistivity. We use our data to construct a revised (H,T) phase diagram for this fascinating compound. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Quantum critical
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - URu2Si2
N1  - Accession Number: 12745121; Jaime, M. 1; Email Address: mjaime@lanl.gov Kim, K.H. 1 Harrison, N. 1 Jorge, G. 1,2 Boebinger, G.S. 1 Mydosh, J.A. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: MST-NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: Departamento de Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina  3: Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands  4: Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 369 Issue 1/2, p33; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum critical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: URu2Si2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.09.043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jorge, G.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Harrison, N.
AU  - Stern, R.
AU  - Dabkowska, H.
AU  - Gaulin, B.D.
T1  - High magnetic field magnetization and specific heat of the 2D spin–dimer system SrCu2(BO3)2
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/04/28/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 90
SN  - 09258388
AB  - We measured the magnetization versus field of SrCu2(BO3)2 using a 45 T, 400 ms pulsed magnet. By achieving good thermal coupling of the sample to the <F>3He</F> and <F>4He</F> baths, we obtained a realistic temperature-dependence for the 1/8, 1/4 and 1/3 magnetization plateaux. In addition, we measured the low temperature specific heat in continuous magnetic fields up to 18 T. We found that a contribution attributed to singlet spin–dimer excitations is suppressed with increasing magnetic fields. At fields <F>H=12</F> T a second anomaly is evident that shifts to lower temperatures as the field increases. The second anomaly is attributed to triplet spin excitations that come closer to the ground state in presence of an external field. A linear extrapolation of this anomaly plotted versus field indicate that the gap associated to these excitations could be suppressed at <F>H&ap;25</F> T, just before the 1/8 magnetization plateau. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Spin–dimer system
KW  - SrCu2(BO3)2
N1  - Accession Number: 12745136; Jorge, G. 1,2 Jaime, M. 1; Email Address: mjaime@lanl.gov Harrison, N. 1 Stern, R. 3 Dabkowska, H. 4 Gaulin, B.D. 4; Affiliation:  1: MST-NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: Departamento de Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Bs. As., Buenos Aires, Argentina  3: National Institute of Chemical Physics & Biophysics (NICPB), Tallinn, Estonia  4: McMaster University, Physics and Astronomy, Canada; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 369 Issue 1/2, p90; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin–dimer system; Author-Supplied Keyword: SrCu2(BO3)2; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.09.078
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Z.X.
AU  - McCall, S.
AU  - Alexander, C.S.
AU  - Crow, J.E.
AU  - Schlottmann, P.
AU  - Barilo, S.N.
AU  - Shiryaev, S.V.
AU  - Bychkov, G.L.
T1  - Magnetic properties of GdBaCo2O5+δ single crystals
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/04/28/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
SN  - 09258388
AB  - GdBaCo2O5+δ is an oxygen deficient perovskite system possessing a rich magnetic phase diagram. Magnetization, M(T), measured on GdBaCo2O5+δ single crystals reveals significant anisotropy along different crystal orientations. M(T) data show several magnetic regimes associated with different Co3+ spin states as well as dramatic differences for H applied parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis. Below 100 K, the paramagnetic contribution from Gd dominates M(T) and analysis suggests the presence of weak (paramagnetic Weiss temperature of only a few Kelvin) antiferromagnetic correlations between Gd sites. A metal–insulator transition with <F>TMI=365</F> K is visible in both the transport and magnetic susceptibility measurements and appears to be associated with a spin state transition for the Co3+-ions. Upon cooling, a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic (FM) transition occurs at 267 K followed by a FM to antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition at 249 K. The effective paramagnetic moment for the Co3+-ions in the paramagnetic region, i.e., <F>270 K<T<365</F> K, is 2.06μB/Co suggesting a mix of low spin and intermediate spin states for the Co-ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETIC measurements
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Magnetic measurements
KW  - Magnetically ordered materials
N1  - Accession Number: 12745140; Zhou, Z.X. 1 McCall, S. 1 Alexander, C.S. 1 Crow, J.E. 1 Schlottmann, P. 1 Barilo, S.N. 2 Shiryaev, S.V. 2 Bychkov, G.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  2: Institute of Solid State and Semiconductor Physics, The National Academy of Science, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 369 Issue 1/2, p105; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETIC measurements; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetically ordered materials; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.09.082
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakotte, H.
AU  - El-Khatib, S.
AU  - Christianson, A.
AU  - Von Dreele, R.B.
AU  - Prokes, K.
AU  - Sechovsky, V.
AU  - Pereira, L.C.J.
AU  - Spirlet, J.C.
AU  - Rebizant, J.
T1  - Effect of temperature on hybridization and magnetism in U2Pd2Sn and U2Ni2In
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/04/28/
VL  - 369
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
SN  - 09258388
AB  - We report on the temperature variation of the interatomic distances in isostructural U2Ni2In and U2Pd2Sn, both of which order antiferromagnetically at low temperatures. Both compounds exhibit complex non-collinear arrangements of the magnetic moments confined to the tetragonal basal plane, which is perpendicular to the shortest interuranium distance along the c-axis at low temperatures. The different temperature dependencies of the shortest interatomic links between uranium and the transition metal (Ni or Pd) provide evidence for the dual nature of 5f–d hybridization in these two compounds. We argue that magnetic ordering in U2Pd2Sn arises due to increased 5f–d hybridization (promoting stronger exchange) while the reduced hybridization in U2Ni2In allows for the formation of stable U magnetic moments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - Heavy fermions
KW  - Intermetallics
KW  - Neutron scattering/diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12745180; Nakotte, H. 1; Email Address: hnakotte@nmsu.edu El-Khatib, S. 1 Christianson, A. 2 Von Dreele, R.B. 2 Prokes, K. 3 Sechovsky, V. 3 Pereira, L.C.J. 4 Spirlet, J.C. 4 Rebizant, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department MSC3D, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 874545, USA  3: Charles University, 12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic  4: European Commission, Institute for Transuranium Elements, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 369 Issue 1/2, p273; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: URANIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering/diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.01.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waters, Tom
AU  - Xue-bin Wang
AU  - Xin Yang
AU  - Lianyi Zhang
AU  - O'hair, Richard A. J.
AU  - Lai-sheng Wang
AU  - Wedd, Anthony G.
T1  - Photoelectron Spectroscopy of the Doubly-Charged Anions [MIVO(mnt)2]2- (M = Mo, W; mnt = S2C2(CN)22-): Access...
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/04/28/
VL  - 126
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 5119
EP  - 5129
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate the electronic structure of the doubly charged complexes [MIVO(mnt)2]2- (M = Mo, W; mnt = 1 ,2-dicyanoethenedithiolato). These dianions are stable in the gas phase and are minimal models for the active sites of the dimethyl sulfoxide reductase family of molybdenum enzymes and of related tungsten enzymes. Adiabatic and vertical electron binding energies for both species were measured, providing detailed information about molecular orbital energy levels of the parent dianions as well as the ground and excited states of the product anions [MVO(mnt)2]-. Density functional theory calculations were used to assist assignment of the detachment features. Differences in energy between these features provided the energies of ligand-to-metal charge-transfer transitions from S(π) and S(σ) molecular orbitals to the singly occupied metal-based orbital of the products [MVO(mnt)2]-. These unique data for the MV species were obtained at the C2V, geometry of the parent MIV dianions. However, theoretical calculations and available condensed phase data suggested that a geometry featuring differentially folded dithiolene ligands (Cs point symmetry) was slightly lower in energy. The driving force for ligand folding is a favorable covalent interaction between the singly occupied metal-based molecular orbital (a1 in C2V, point symmetry; highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)) and the least stable of the occupied sulfur-based molecular orbitals (b1 in C2V, point symmetry, HOMO-1) that is only possible upon reduction to the lower symmetry. This ligand folding induces a large increase in the intensity predicted for the a' S(π) → a' dx²-y² charge-transfer transition originating from the HOMO-2 of [MVO(mnt)2]- under Cs point symmetry. Electronic absorption spectra are available for the related species [MoVO(bdt)2]- (bdt = 1 ,2-benzenedithiolato) and for the oxidized form of dimethyl sulfoxide reductase. The intense absorptions at ∼ 1.7 eV have been assigned previously to S(σ) → Mo transitions, assuming C2V geometry. The present work indicates that the alternative a' S(π) → a' dx²-y² of Cs geometry must be considered. Overall, this study confirms that the electronic structure of the M-dithiolene units are exquisitely sensitive to dithiolene ligand folding, reinforcing the proposal that these units are tunable conduits for electron transfer in enzyme systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - DIMETHYL sulfoxide
N1  - Accession Number: 13123078; Waters, Tom 1 Xue-bin Wang 1 Xin Yang 2 Lianyi Zhang 1,3 O'hair, Richard A. J. 1 Lai-sheng Wang 2; Email Address: Is.wang@pnl.gov Wedd, Anthony G. 1; Email Address: agw@unimelb.edu.au; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3010.  2: Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richiand, Washington 99352.  3: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richiand, Washington 99352; Source Info: 4/28/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 16, p5119; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: DIMETHYL sulfoxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mudring, Anja-verena
AU  - Corbett, John O.
T1  - Unusual Electronic and Bonding Properties of the Zintl Phase Ca5Ge3 and Related Compounds. A Theoretical Analysis.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/04/28/
VL  - 126
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 5277
EP  - 5281
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Theoretical reasons for metallic behavior among diverse Zintl phases have generally not been pursued at an advanced level. Here, the electronic structure of Ca5Ge3 (Cr5B3 type), which can be formulated (Ca+2)5(Ge2-6)Ge-4 in oxidation states, has been explored comparatively by means of semiempirical and first-principles density functional methods. The FP-APW calculations show that alkaline-earth-metal and germanium orbitals, particularly the d orbitals on the cations and the p-π* orbitals of the halogen-like dimeric Ge2-6, mix considerably to form a conduction band. This covalency perfectly explains the unusual metallic properties of the nominally electron-precise Zintl phase Ca5Ge3 and its numerous relatives. Similar calculational results are obtained for Sr5Ge3, Ba5Ge3, and Ca5Sn3. Cation d orbitals appear to be a common theme among Zintl phases that are also metallic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINTL compounds
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13123095; Mudring, Anja-verena 1 Corbett, John O. 1; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 4/28/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 16, p5277; Subject Term: ZINTL compounds; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CATIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Striplin, Durwin R.
AU  - Reece, Steven Y.
AU  - Mccafferty, Dewey O.
AU  - Wall, Craig O.
AU  - Friesen, Duane A.
AU  - Erickson, Bruce W.
AU  - Meyer, Thomas J.
T1  - Solvent Dependence of Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Helical Oligoproline Assembly.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/04/28/
VL  - 126
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 5282
EP  - 5291
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The helical oligoproline assembly CH3-CO-Pro-Pro-Pro-Pra(Ptzpn)-Pro-Pro-Pra(RuIIb2m)2+ -Pro-Pro-Pra(Anq)-Pro-Pro-Pro-NH2, having a spatially ordered array of functional sites protruding from the proline backbone, has been prepared. The 13-residue assembly formed a linear array containing a phenothiazine electron donor, a tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chromophore, and an anthraquinone electron acceptor with the proline II secondary structure as shown by circular dichroism measurements. Following RuII → b2m metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excitation at 457 nm, electron-transfer quenching occurs, ultimately to give a redox-separated (RS) state containing a phenothiazine (PTZ) radical cation at the Pra(Ptzpn) site and an anthraquirione (ANQ) radical anion at the Pra(Anq) site. The redox-separated state was formed with 33-96% efficiency depending on the solvent, and the transient stored energy varied from -1.46 to -1.71 eV at 22 ± 2 °C. The dominant quenching mechanism is PTZ reductive quenching of the initial RuIII(b2m˙-) MLCT excited state which is followed by m˙- → ANQ electron transfer to give the RS state. Back electron transfer is highly exergonic and occurs in the inverted region. The rate constant for back electron transfer is solvent dependent and varies from 5.2 × 106 to 7.7 × 106 s-1 at 22 ± 2°C. It is concluded that back electron transfer occurs by direct ANQ˙- → PTZ˙+ electron transfer. Based on independently evaluated kinetic parameters, the electron-transfer matrix element is HDA &ap; 0.13 cm-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - SPIRAL computed tomography
KW  - PROLINE
KW  - PHENOTHIAZINE
KW  - PHENYL compounds
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 13123096; Striplin, Durwin R. 1 Reece, Steven Y. 1 Mccafferty, Dewey O. 2,3 Wall, Craig O. 2 Friesen, Duane A. 2 Erickson, Bruce W. 2 Meyer, Thomas J. 4; Email Address: tjmeyer@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28036.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514.  3: Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS A127, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  4: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA.; Source Info: 4/28/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 16, p5282; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: SPIRAL computed tomography; Subject Term: PROLINE; Subject Term: PHENOTHIAZINE; Subject Term: PHENYL compounds; Subject Term: MATRICES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regan, B. C.
AU  - Aloni, S.
AU  - Ritchie, R. O.
AU  - Dahmen, U.
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Carbon nanotubes as nanoscale mass conveyors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/04/29/
VL  - 428
IS  - 6986
M3  - Article
SP  - 924
EP  - 927
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The development of manipulation tools that are not too ‘fat’ or too ‘sticky’ for atomic scale assembly is an important challenge facing nanotechnology. Impressive nanofabrication capabilities have been demonstrated with scanning probe manipulation of atoms and molecules on clean surfaces. However, as fabrication tools, both scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes suffer from a loading deficiency: although they can manipulate atoms already present, they cannot efficiently deliver atoms to the work area. Carbon nanotubes, with their hollow cores and large aspect ratios, have been suggested as possible conduits for nanoscale amounts of material. Already much effort has been devoted to the filling of nanotubes and the application of such techniques. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes have been used as probes in scanning probe microscopy. If the atomic placement and manipulation capability already demonstrated by scanning probe microscopy could be combined with a nanotube delivery system, a formidable nanoassembly tool would result. Here we report the achievement of controllable, reversible atomic scale mass transport along carbon nanotubes, using indium metal as the prototype transport species. This transport process has similarities to conventional electro-migration, a phenomenon of critical importance to the semiconductor industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - TUBES
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 13009257; Regan, B. C. 1,2 Aloni, S. 1,2 Ritchie, R. O. 2,3 Dahmen, U. 2,4 Zettl, A. 1,2; Email Address: azettl@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, California, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, California, USA  4: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; Source Info: 4/29/2004, Vol. 428 Issue 6986, p924; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: TUBES; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02496
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karliner, Marek
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
T1  - The narrow width of the <f>Θ+</f>—a possible explanation
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/04/29/
VL  - 586
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The narrow width of the exotic narrow baryon resonance <f>Θ+</f> might be explained by mixing between the two nearly degenerate states that arise in models with two diquarks and an antiquark. The only open <f>Θ+</f> decay channel is <f>KN</f>. When two states both coupled to a single dominant decay mode are mixed by the loop diagram via this decay mode, diagonalization of the loop diagram decouples one mass eigenstate from this decay mode as in some treatments of the <f>ρ</f>–<f>π</f> decay from the mixed singlet–octet <f>ω</f>–<f>φ</f> system, the <f>K&ast;</f>–<f>π</f> decay of the strange axial vector mesons and the <f>NK</f> couplings of some baryons. This mechanism can explain the narrow width and weak coupling of <f>Θ+→KN</f> while allowing a relatively large production cross section from <f>K&ast;</f> exchange. Interesting tests are suggested in <f>K−p</f> reactions where backward kaon production must go by exotic baryon exchange. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 12743191; Karliner, Marek 1,2; Email Address: marek@proton.tau.ac.il Lipkin, Harry J. 2,3,4; Email Address: ftlipkin@clever.weizmann.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, England, UK  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel  3: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  4: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 586 Issue 3/4, p303; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.02.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leibovich, Adam K.
AU  - Ligeti, Zoltan
AU  - Stewart, Iain W.
AU  - Wise, Mark B.
T1  - Predictions for nonleptonic <f>Λb</f> and <f>Θb</f> decays
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/04/29/
VL  - 586
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We study nonleptonic <f>Λb→Λcπ</f>, <f>Σcπ</f> and <f>Σc&ast;π</f> decays in the limit <f>mb,mc,Eπ≫ΛQCD</f> using the soft-collinear effective theory. Here <f>Σc=Σc(2455)</f> and <f>Σc&ast;=Σc(2520)</f>. At leading order the <f>Λb→Σc(&ast;)π</f> rates vanish, while the <f>Λb→Λcπ</f> rate is related to <f>Λb→Λcℓν¯</f>, and is expected to be larger than <f>Γ(B→D(&ast;)π)</f>. The dominant contributions to the <f>Λb→Σc(&ast;)π</f> rates are suppressed by <f>ΛQCD2/Eπ2</f>. We predict <f>Γ(Λb→Σc&ast;π)/Γ(Λb→Σcπ)=2+O[ΛQCD/mQ,αs(mQ)]</f>, and the same ratio for <f>Λb→Σc(&ast;)ρ</f> and for <f>Λb→Ξc(′,&ast;)K</f>. “Bow tie” diagrams are shown to be suppressed. We comment on possible discovery channels for weakly decaying pentaquarks, <f>Θb,c</f> and their nearby heavy quark spin symmetry partners, <f>Θb,c&ast;</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 12743196; Leibovich, Adam K. 1; Email Address: akl2@pitt.edu Ligeti, Zoltan 2; Email Address: ligeti@lbl.gov Stewart, Iain W. 3; Email Address: iains@mit.edu Wise, Mark B. 4; Email Address: wise@theory.caltech.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA  2: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute for Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  4: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 586 Issue 3/4, p337; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.02.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barone, V.
AU  - Calarco, T.
AU  - Drago, A.
AU  - Simani, M.C.
T1  - Retracted: “Flavor asymmetry of the polarized light sea: models vs. data”: [Phys. Lett. B 572 (2003) 32]
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/04/29/
VL  - 586
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 441
SN  - 03702693
N1  - Accession Number: 12743211; Barone, V. 1 Calarco, T. 2 Drago, A. 3; Email Address: drago@fe.infn.it Simani, M.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Di.S.T.A., Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, and INFN, Gruppo Coll. di Alessandria, I-15100 Alessandria, Italy  2: ECT*, Villa Tambosi, I-38050 Villazzano (Trento), Italy  3: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Ferrara, and INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 586 Issue 3/4, p441; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taub, H.
AU  - Hansen, F.Y.
AU  - Criswell, L.
AU  - Fuhrmann, D.
AU  - Herwig, K.W.
AU  - Diama, A.
AU  - Mo, H.
AU  - Dimeo, R.M.
AU  - Neumann, D.A.
AU  - Volkmann, U.G.
T1  - Slow Diffusive Motions in a Monolayer of Tetracosane Molecules Adsorbed on Graphite.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 708
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 204
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Monolayers of intermediate-length alkane molecules such as tetracosane (n-C24H50 or C24) serve as prototypes for studying the interfacial dynamics of more complex polymers, including bilayer lipid membranes. Using high-resolution quasielastic neutron scattering (QNS) and exfoliated graphite substrates, we have investigated the relatively slow diffusive motion in C24 monolayers on an energy/time scale of ∼1–36 μeV (∼0.1–4 ns). Upon heating, we first observe QNS in the crystalline phase at ∼160 K. From the crystalline-to-smectic phase transition at ∼215 K to a temperature of ∼230 K, we observe the QNS energy width to be dispersionless, consistent with molecular dynamics simulations showing rotational motion of the molecules about their long axis. At 260 K, the QNS energy width begins to increase with wave vector transfer, suggesting onset of nonuniaxial rotational motion and bounded translational motion. We continue to observe QNS up to the monolayer melting temperature at ∼340 K where our simulations indicate that the only motion slow enough to be visible within our energy window results from the creation of gauche defects in the molecules. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13423899; Taub, H. 1 Hansen, F.Y. 2 Criswell, L. 1 Fuhrmann, D. 1,3 Herwig, K.W. 4 Diama, A. 1 Mo, H. 1 Dimeo, R.M. 5 Neumann, D.A. 5 Volkmann, U.G. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 207 DTU, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark  3: Infineon Technologies, Memory Products, Balanstr. 73, D-81541 Munich, Germany  4: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 701 Scarboro Rd., Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  5: Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8562, USA  6: Facultad de Física, Pontifica Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 22, Chile; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 708 Issue 1, p201; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1764115
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyunjung Kim
AU  - Rühm, A.
AU  - Lurio, L.B.
AU  - Basu, J.K.
AU  - Lal, J.
AU  - Mochrie, S.G.J.
AU  - Sinha, S.K.
T1  - Polymer Film Dynamics with Coherent X-Ray Scattering.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 708
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 216
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Surface x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (SXPCS) is applied for probing the dynamics of surface height fluctuations as a function of lateral length scale. We present the first experimental verification of the theoretical predictions for the thickness, wave vector, and temperature dependence of the capillary wave relaxation times for the supported polymer films above the glass transition temperature. Measurements were performed on polystyrene (PS) films of thicknesses varying from 84 to 333 nm. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - QUANTUM optics
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13423896; Hyunjung Kim 1 Rühm, A. 2 Lurio, L.B. 3 Basu, J.K. 4 Lal, J. 5 Mochrie, S.G.J. 6 Sinha, S.K. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Sogan University, Seoul 121-742, Korea  2: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Stuttgart, Germany  3: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  4: Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinios, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA  5: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  6: Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  7: Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 and LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 708 Issue 1, p213; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM optics; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1764118
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadau, K.
AU  - Germann, T.C.
AU  - Hadjiconstantinou, N.G.
AU  - Dimonte, G.
AU  - Lomdahl, P.S.
AU  - Holian, B.L.
AU  - Alder, B.J.
T1  - Molecular Dynamics Compared to Hydrodynamics for Rayleigh-Taylor Instability.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 708
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 376
EP  - 378
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A massively parallel molecular-dynamics (MD) simulation of some 100 million particles is compared to theoretical Navier-Stokes (NS) predictions, continuum NS simulations, and experimental observations of the Rayleigh-Taylor fluid instability. Smaller MD simulations were performed to verify the initial exponential rise of a single bubble, as predicted analytically for both miscible and immiscible fluids. The penetration of spikes of heavy fluid into light, along with bubbles of light rising into heavy, grows as the square of time at long times—with experiment and both atomistic and continuum computer simulation in 20% agreement. However, part of the differences may be due to dependence upon initial conditions, whose influence on the growth of individual modes was studied for two different cases: an initial interface formed by a single sinusoidal perturbation vs. one perturbed only by thermal fluctuations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - RAYLEIGH flow
N1  - Accession Number: 13423835; Kadau, K. 1 Germann, T.C. 1 Hadjiconstantinou, N.G. 2 Dimonte, G. 1 Lomdahl, P.S. 1 Holian, B.L. 1 Alder, B.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 massachusetts avenue cambridge, ma 02139-4307, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550-9234, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 708 Issue 1, p376; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: RAYLEIGH flow; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1764179
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Facciotti, Marc T.
AU  - Rouhani, Shahab
AU  - Glaeser, Robert M.
T1  - Crystal structures of bR(D85S) favor a model of bacteriorhodopsin as a hydroxyl-ion pump
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 564
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Structural features on the extracellular side of the D85S mutant of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) suggest that wild-type bR could be a hydroxyl-ion pump. A position between the protonated Schiff base and residue 85 serves as an anion-binding site in the mutant protein, and hydroxyl ions should have access to this site during the O-intermediate of the wild-type bR photocycle. The guanidinium group of R82 is proposed (1) to serve as a shuttle that eliminates the Born energy penalty for entry of an anion into this binding pocket, and conversely, (2) to block the exit of a proton or a related proton carrier. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIORHODOPSIN
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ION pumps
KW  - Bacteriorhodopsin
KW  - Hydroxyl ion
KW  - Ion pump
N1  - Accession Number: 12906554; Facciotti, Marc T. 1; Email Address: mfacciotti@systemsbiology.org Rouhani, Shahab 2; Email Address: srmanshadi@lbl.gov Glaeser, Robert M. 2,3; Email Address: rmglaeser@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Systems Biology, 1441 North 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103, USA  2: Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 564 Issue 3, p301; Subject Term: BACTERIORHODOPSIN; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ION pumps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacteriorhodopsin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroxyl ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion pump; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00208-X
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Wan-Nan U.
AU  - Woodbury, Ronald L.
AU  - Kathmann, Loel E.
AU  - Opresko, Lee K.
AU  - Zangar, Richard C.
AU  - Wiley, H. Steven
AU  - Thrall, Brian D.
T1  - Induced Autocrine Signaling through the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Contributes to the Response of Mammary Epithelial Cells to Tumor Necrosis Factor α.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 279
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 18488
EP  - 18496
SN  - 00219258
AB  - In contrast to the well known cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) a in many mammary cancer cells, we have found that TNF stimulates the proliferation and motility of human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). Since the response of HMECs to TNF is similar to effects mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation, we explored the potential role of cross-talk through the EGFR signaling pathways in mediating cellular responses to TNF. Using a microarray enzyme-linked immunoassay, we found that exposure to TNF stimulated the dose-dependent shedding of the EGFR ligand transforming growth factor a (TGFα). Both proliferation and motility of HMECs induced by TNF was prevented either by inhibiting membrane protein shedding with a metalloprotease inhibitor, by blocking epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase activity, or by limiting ligand-receptor interactions with an antagonistic anti-EGFR antibody. EGFR activity was also necessary for TNF-induced release of matrix metalloprotease-9, thought to be an essential regulator of mammary cell migration. The cellular response to TNF was associated with a biphasic temporal pattern of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, which was EGFR-dependent and modulated by inhibition of metalloprotease-mediated shedding. Significantly, the late phase of ERK phosphorylation, detectable within 4 h after exposure, was blocked by the metalloprotease inhibitor batimastat, indicating that autocrine signaling through ligand shedding was responsible for this secondary wave of ERK activity. Our results indicate a novel and important role for metalloprotease activation and EGFR transmodulation in mediating the cellular response to TNF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUMOR necrosis factor
KW  - GROWTH factors
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - IMMUNOASSAY
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13273747; Chen, Wan-Nan U. 1 Woodbury, Ronald L. 1 Kathmann, Loel E. 1 Opresko, Lee K. 1 Zangar, Richard C. 1 Wiley, H. Steven 1 Thrall, Brian D. 1; Email Address: brian.thrall@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Cell Biology Group, Biological Sciences, Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: 4/30/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 18, p18488; Subject Term: TUMOR necrosis factor; Subject Term: GROWTH factors; Subject Term: CYTOKINES; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Subject Term: IMMUNOASSAY; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M310874200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heller, William T.
AU  - Vigil, Dominico
AU  - Brown, Simon
AU  - Blumenthal, Donald K.
AU  - Taylor, Susan S.
AU  - Trewhella, Jill
T1  - C Subunits Binding to the Protein Kinase A RIα Dimer Induce a Large Conformational Change.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 279
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 19084
EP  - 19090
SN  - 00219258
AB  - We present structural data on the RIα isoform of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A that reveal, for the first time, a large scale conformational change within the RIα homodimer upon catalytic subunit binding. This result infers that the inhibition of catalytic subunit activity is not the result of a simple docking process but rather is a multi-step process involving local conformational changes both in the cAMP-binding domains as well as in the linker region of the regulatory subunit that impact the global structure of the regulatory homodimer. The results were obtained using small-angle neutron scattering with contrast variation and deuterium labeling. From these experiments we derived information on the shapes and dispositions of the catalytic subunits and regulatory homodimer within a holoenzyme reconstituted with a deuterated regulatory subunit. The scattering data also show that, despite extensive sequence homology between the isoforms, the overall structure of the type Iα holoenzyme is significantly more compact than the type IIα isoform. We present a model of the type Iα holoenzyme, built using available high-resolution structures of the component subunits and domains, which best fits the neutron-scattering data. In this model, the type Iα holoenzyme forms a flattened V shape with the RIα dimerization domain at the point of the V and the cAMP-binding domains of the RIα subunits with their bound catalytic subunits at the ends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - ADENYLIC acid
KW  - CATALYTIC RNA
KW  - NUCLEASES
KW  - RNA
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 13273819; Heller, William T. 1,2 Vigil, Dominico 3 Brown, Simon 3 Blumenthal, Donald K. 4 Taylor, Susan S. 3 Trewhella, Jill 1; Email Address: jtrewhella@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division and Center for Structural Molecular Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California  4: Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Source Info: 4/30/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 18, p19084; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: ADENYLIC acid; Subject Term: CATALYTIC RNA; Subject Term: NUCLEASES; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M313405200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nizamov
AU  - B.
AU  - Leone
AU  - S. R.
T1  - Rate Coefficients and Kinetic Isotope Effect for the C2H Reactions with NH3 and ND3 in the 104-294 K Temperature Range.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3766
EP  - 3771
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Reactions of C2H with NH3 and ND3 are studied at low temperature using a pulsed Laval nozzle apparatus. The C2H radical is prepared by 193 nm photolysis of acetylene, and the C2H concentration is monitored using CH(A2Δ) chemiluminescence from the C2H + O2 reaction. The rate constants for the C2H + NH3 and C2H + ND3 reactions are measured at three temperatures, 104 ± 5 K, 165 ± 15 K, and 296 ± 2 K. Measured rate constants are fit to power law expressions, k(T) = A(T/298)n, for ease of comparison with the results for the related CN + NH3 reaction and to emphasize the importance of the attractive part of intermolecular interaction potential in the reaction mechanism. The rate constants are (2.9 ± 0.7) × 10-11 × (T/298 K)(-0.90 ± 0.15) cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and (1.1 ± 0.2) × 10-11 × (T/298 K)(-0.82 ± 0.026) cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for NH3 and ND3, respectively. A large kinetic isotope effect is observed, k(C2H + NH3)/k(C2H + ND3) = 2.0 ± 0.2, which within experimental uncertainty does not depend on the temperature in the 104-296 K range. Previous theoretical work shows that a hydrogen abstraction channel, C2H + NH3 → C2H2 + NH2, is a possible mechanism for the C2H + NH3 reaction since the minimum energy path for this channel does not have an activation barrier. This theoretical prediction is consistent with the strong negative temperature dependence of the rate coefficients for the C2H + NH3 reaction observed in this work, which clearly shows that the C2H + NH3 reaction does not have a barrier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - HUMAN error
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
N1  - Accession Number: 12942489; Nizamov B. 1 Leone S. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Physics and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 17, p3766; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: HUMAN error; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malko
AU  - A. V.
AU  - Mikhailovsky
AU  - A. A.
AU  - Petruska
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Hollingsworth
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Klimov
AU  - V. I.
T1  - Interplay between Optical Gain and Photoinduced Absorption in CdSe Nanocrystals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5250
EP  - 5255
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A potential complication associated with the realization of the optical-gain regime in semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) arises from the competing phenomenon of excited-state absorption. Here, we apply an ultrafast transient absorption technique to study the competition between optical gain and excited-state (photoinduced) absorption in CdSe NCs as a function of NC size, surface passivation, and solvent/matrix identity. We observe that for NCs prepared in such a commonly used solvent as hexane, the contribution from photoinduced absorption rapidly increases with decreasing NC radius, and it completely suppresses optical gain in NCs of small sizes. Further, the magnitude of photoinduced absorption is sensitive both to the type and the quality of surface passivation, as well as to the identity of the solvent/matrix material. These observations, along with a strong size dependence, indicate that photoinduced absorption interfering with optical gain is not intrinsic to CdSe NCs but, instead, results from the involvement of NC interface states/processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLVENTS
N1  - Accession Number: 12942524; Malko A. V. 1 Mikhailovsky A. A. 1 Petruska M. A. 1 Hollingsworth J. A. 1 Klimov V. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, MS-J567, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 17, p5250; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blizanac
AU  - B. B.
AU  - Lucas
AU  - C. A.
AU  - Gallagher
AU  - M. E.
AU  - Ross
AU  - P. N.
AU  - Markovic
AU  - N. M.
T1  - Surface Structures and Phase Transitions at the Au(100)-Br Interface:  pH and CO Effects.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5304
EP  - 5313
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The surface reconstruction of Au(100) and the formation of an ordered commensurate c(√2 × 22√2)R45° adlayer of Br (Brad) have been studied by a combination of electrochemical (EC) and surface X-ray scattering (SXS) measurements. Emphasis is placed on linking the microscopic structural information concerning the Brad adlayer to the voltammetric and other macroscopic electrochemical responses, including using the rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) measurements for determining the surface coverage by Brad. It is found that the potential-induced hexagonal (“hex”) to (1 × 1) transition of the Au surface coincides with Br- adsorption and occurs faster in solutions containing Br- anions than in Br--free solutions. In agreement with previous SXS results, in acid solutions, Brad forms a c(√2 × 2√2)R45° structure at around 0.15 V. However, no ordered structures of Brad are observed in alkaline solution, although the cyclic voltammetry indicates that the order structure should be present at 0.12 V. Absence of an ordered Brad adlayer in alkaline solution is attributed to competitive adsorption between Brad and OHad. To probe the role of OHad on the ordering of the bromide adlayer, coadsorbed OHad is consumed in an electrochemical reaction in which strongly adsorbed OHad is removed from the surface by a relatively weakly adsorbed reactant, viz. COad. Under such experimental conditions, we found that (i) in acid solution the c(√2 × 2√2)R45° structure develops/disappears more rapidly than in CO-free solution and (ii) in alkaline solution the c(√2 × 2√2)R45° structure is formed in exactly the same potential region as in acid solution. We propose that the continuous removal of OHad in the Langmuir-Hinshelwood reaction (COad + OHad = CO2 + H+ + e-) may stabilize the c(√2 × 2√2)R45° structure in both acid as well as alkaline media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GOLD alloys
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ELECTRODES
N1  - Accession Number: 12942531; Blizanac B. B. 1 Lucas C. A. 1 Gallagher M. E. 1 Ross P. N. 1 Markovic N. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE United Kingdom; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 108 Issue 17, p5304; Subject Term: GOLD alloys; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cui, S.T.
AU  - Cochran, H.D.
T1  - Electroosmotic Flow in Nanoscale Parallel-plate Channels: Molecular Simulation Study and Comparison with Classical Poisson-Boltzmann Theory.
JO  - Molecular Simulation
JF  - Molecular Simulation
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 266
SN  - 08927022
AB  - Molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out for simple electrolyte systems to study the electrokinetically driven osmotic flow in parallel-plate channels of widths ∼10-120 nm. The results are compared with the classical theory predictions based on the solution to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. We find that despite some of the limitations in the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, such as assumption of the Boltzmann distribution for the ions, the classical theory captures the general trend of the variations of the osmotic flow with channel width, as characterized by the mobility of the fluid in channels between ∼10 and 120 nm at moderate to low ion concentration. At moderate concentration (corresponding to relatively low surface potential), the classical theory is almost quantitative. The theory and simulation show more disagreement at low concentration, primarily caused by the high surface potential where the assumption of Boltzmann distribution becomes inaccurate. We discuss the limitations of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation as applied to the nanoscale channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Simulation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - OSMOSIS
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - POISSON distribution
KW  - MAXWELL-Boltzmann distribution law
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - Molecular dynamics simulations
KW  - Parallel-plate channels
KW  - Poisson-Boltzmann theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12584120; Cui, S.T. 1,2; Email Address: scui@utk.edu Cochran, H.D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p259; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: OSMOSIS; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: POISSON distribution; Subject Term: MAXWELL-Boltzmann distribution law; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel-plate channels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poisson-Boltzmann theory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zvyagin, S.A.
AU  - Krzystek, J.
AU  - van Loosdrecht, P.H.M.
AU  - Dhalenne, G.
AU  - Revcolevschi, A.
T1  - High-field ESR study of the dimerized-incommensurate phase transition in the spin-Peierls compound <f>CuGeO3</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The dimerized-incommensurate phase transition in the spin-Peierls compound <f>CuGeO3</f> is probed using the tunable-frequency high-resolution electron spin resonance technique in magnetic fields up to <f>17 T</f>. A field-induced development of the soliton-like incommensurate superstructure is clearly indicated as a pronounced increase of the magnon spin resonance linewidth <f>ΔB</f>, with a <f>ΔBmax</f> at <f>Bc∼13.8 T</f>. The anomaly is explained in terms of the magnon–soliton scattering and suggests that the soliton-like phase exists close to the boundary of the dimerized-incommensurate phase transition. In addition, magnetic excitation spectra in 0.8% Si-doped <f>CuGeO3</f> are studied. Some features of the high-field high-resolution tunable-frequency ESR facility recently developed in Tallahassee are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - <f>CuGeO3</f>
KW  - ESR
KW  - Incommensurability
KW  - Spin-Peierls transition
N1  - Accession Number: 12978140; Zvyagin, S.A. 1; Email Address: zvyagin@magnet.fsu.edu Krzystek, J. 1 van Loosdrecht, P.H.M. 2 Dhalenne, G. 3 Revcolevschi, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands  3: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Etat Solide, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p1; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>CuGeO3</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: ESR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Incommensurability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin-Peierls transition; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harrison, N.
AU  - Kim, K.H.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Mydosh, J.A.
T1  - Metamagnetism, quantum criticality, hidden order and crystal electric fields in URu2Si2
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
SN  - 09214526
AB  - This paper presents a brief synopsis of magnetization, electrical transport, specific heat measurements as well as other recent work on URu2Si2, together with some topical discussions of the groundstate properties in relation to metamagnetism, quantum criticality and crystal electric fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - Heavy fermions
KW  - Hidden order
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - Metamagnetism
KW  - Quantum criticality
N1  - Accession Number: 12978160; Harrison, N. 1; Email Address: nharrison@lanl.gov Kim, K.H. 1 Jaime, M. 1 Mydosh, J.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-E536, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, Dresden D-01187, Germany; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p92; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hidden order; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metamagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum criticality; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wosnitza, J.
AU  - Hagel, J.
AU  - Kozlova, N.
AU  - Eckert, D.
AU  - Müller, K.-H.
AU  - H. Mielke, C.
AU  - Goll, G.
AU  - Yoshino, T.
AU  - Takabatake, T.
T1  - Transport properties of CeBiPt in magnetic fields up to <f>60 T</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Electrical-transport measurements of the semimetal CeBiPt in magnetic fields up to <f>60 T</f> reveal a drastic change of the electronic band structure. The oscillating Shubnikov–de Haas signal vanishes above about <f>25 T</f> although the quantum limit is not yet reached. Above this field the magnetoresistance rises strongly independent of angle and temperature. These unique features are caused by the Ce 4f electrons as evidenced by the absence of any unconventional behavior in the sister compound LaBiPt. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - CeBiPt
KW  - Fermi-surface studies
KW  - LaBiPt
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Shubnikov–de Haas effect
N1  - Accession Number: 12978167; Wosnitza, J. 1; Email Address: Wosnitza@physik.tu-dresden.de Hagel, J. 1 Kozlova, N. 2 Eckert, D. 2 Müller, K.-H. 2 H. Mielke, C. 3 Goll, G. 4 Yoshino, T. 5 Takabatake, T. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Festkörperphysik, TU Dresden, Dresden D-01062, Germany  2: IFW Dresden, Dresden D-01171, Germany  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Physikalisches Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe D-76128, Germany  5: Department of Quantum Matter, ADSM, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p127; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeBiPt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi-surface studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: LaBiPt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shubnikov–de Haas effect; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenbaum, Ralph
AU  - Murphy, Tim
T1  - Anomalous Hall coefficients of a polycrystalline Bismuth film measured in parallel magnetic fields
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 296
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Hall coefficient measurements have been performed on a polycrystalline 11 875 A˚ Bismuth film in fields oriented parallel to the current flow. Classical theory predicts no Hall voltages and no magnetoresistances (MRs) in parallel fields. Probably owing to diffused and specular scattering off the rough surfaces of the crystallites, Hall voltages and parallel MR's are easily measured. Hall coefficient data in parallel Bs are summarized at 295, 78, and 1.49 K. The data are interpreted using the Pippard–Fawcett expression and the Landau tube model that contributes additional carriers at high fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - Bismuth
KW  - Electronic transport
KW  - Hall coefficient
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Parallel fields
KW  - Polycrystalline films
N1  - Accession Number: 12978207; Rosenbaum, Ralph 1; Email Address: ralphr@post.tau.ac.il Murphy, Tim 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p296; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bismuth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hall coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystalline films; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.093
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978207&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Movshovich, R.
AU  - Bianchi, A.
AU  - Capan, C.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Possible Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov superconducting state in <f>CeCoIn5</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We report observation of the specific heat anomaly within the superconducting state of the heavy fermion <f>CeCoIn5</f>. It appears in the vicinity of the superconducting critical field <f>Hc2</f>, where the superconducting transition changes from second to first order, above <f>10 T</f> for <f>H || [1 1 0]</f> and <f>H || [1 0 0]</f>, and above <f>4.7 T</f> for <f>H || [0 0 1]</f>, and at temperatures on the order of <f>0.1Tc</f>. We interpret the anomaly within the superconducting state as a signature of a Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov FFLO inhomogeneous superconducting state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 75.40.Cx
KW  - FFLO
KW  - Heavy fermion
KW  - Inhomogeneous superconducting state
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - Unconventional
N1  - Accession Number: 12978219; Movshovich, R.; Email Address: roman@lanl.gov Bianchi, A. 1 Capan, C. 1 Pagliuso, P.G. 1 Sarrao, J.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K764 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p349; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.40.Cx; Author-Supplied Keyword: FFLO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhomogeneous superconducting state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unconventional; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.104
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978219&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewis, R.A.
AU  - Wang, Y.-J.
AU  - Henini, M.
T1  - Zeeman spectroscopy of Be impurity in GaAs to <f>30 T</f>
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Absorption measurements have been made in fields to <f>30 T</f> of the far-infrared optical transitions associated with the Be impurity in GaAs. The order and magnitude of the splitting of the ground state has been clarified by low-field (to <f>6 T</f>) photo-thermal ionisation spectroscopy measurements of the C line. In light of the new high-field data the G line is now believed to comprise two unresolved components. At high magnetic field (above <f>25 T</f>) a new feature appears which increases in energy with field at a much greater rate than the other transitions; this is thought to originate in valence-band Landau levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - ZEEMAN effect
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - 63.20.Dj
KW  - Acceptor
KW  - Be
KW  - GaAs
KW  - Magnetic field
KW  - Spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12978249; Lewis, R.A. 1; Email Address: roger@uow.edu.au Wang, Y.-J. 2 Henini, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA  3: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p483; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: ZEEMAN effect; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: 63.20.Dj; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acceptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Be; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.132
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978249&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Accurate mass measurement: taking full advantage of nature's isotopic complexity
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Most mass analysis relies on “nominal” mass accuracy (i.e., to within 1 Da). However, chemical and biochemical applications are increasingly based on much more accurate mass measurement. Mass spectrometric resolution (defined here as the spacing between resolved peaks) does not increase monotonically with increasing spectrometer resolving power for large molecules. Rather, resolution improves by a series of steps. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) effectively extends the onset of each of these stages to ∼100 times higher mass than for any other mass analyzer. FT-ICR performance increases linearly (mass resolving power, data acquisition speed) or quadratically (dynamic range, upper mass limit, length of time that ions can be held in a Penning trap) with increasing magnetic field. NHMFL operates two 9.4 T FT-ICR instruments, and has just installed the world''s highest field magnet (14.5 T) for FT-ICR mass analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Elemental composition
KW  - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance
KW  - Glycoprotein
KW  - High magnetic field
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Peptide
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Phosphoprotein
KW  - Protein
KW  - User facility
N1  - Accession Number: 12978254; Marshall, Alan G. 1,2; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, USA  2: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p503; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elemental composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycoprotein; Author-Supplied Keyword: High magnetic field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peptide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Petroleum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphoprotein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: User facility; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.136
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978254&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swenson, C.A.
AU  - Marshall, W.S.
AU  - Gavrilin, A.V.
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Schillig, J.
AU  - Sims Jr., J.R.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, H.J.
T1  - Progress of the insert coil for the US-NHMFL <f>100 T</f> multi-shot pulse magnet
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 561
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We review insert development for the US-NHMFL <f>100 T</f> non-destructive short-pulse magnet program. Coil electro-mechanics are presented in the context of the selected materials: CuNb conductor, PBO zylon-fibre, and MP35N, a cobalt-based super-alloy, reinforcement. We present the results of conductor cyclic fatigue testing and explore the data''s ramifications. We present the coil geometry, and a new “poly-layer” assembly technique. We review the structure of our small coil test program to evaluate the engineering and materials design. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - COBALT
KW  - <f>100 T</f>
KW  - Cu–Nb conductor
KW  - Insert-coil
KW  - MP35N-reinforcement
KW  - PBO zylon-fibre
KW  - Pulsed-magnet
N1  - Accession Number: 12978267; Swenson, C.A. 1 Marshall, W.S. 1 Gavrilin, A.V. 1 Han, K. 1 Schillig, J. 2 Sims Jr., J.R. 2 Schneider-Muntau, H.J. 2; Email Address: smuntau@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p561; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: COBALT; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>100 T</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu–Nb conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insert-coil; Author-Supplied Keyword: MP35N-reinforcement; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBO zylon-fibre; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed-magnet; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.082
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978267&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shneerson, German A.
AU  - Koltunov, Oleg S.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
AU  - Titkov, Vassiliy V.
AU  - Parfentjev, Anatoliy A.
T1  - The concept of quasi-force-free magnets: theoretical substantiation, estimation of parameters, and feasibility
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Huge mechanical forces are the main obstacle to obtaining megagauss fields in non-destructible solenoids. For this reason, the progress in this area is substantially smaller than in the field generation in disposable devices. The present work examines the opportunities for reaching extra-high fields in magnets with substantially reduced mechanical stresses. The following two principles are used as the basis: generation of the field close to the force-free conditions, and minimization stresses in the external zone of the magnet. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - Force-free winding
KW  - Non-destructible solenoids
KW  - Super high magnetic field
N1  - Accession Number: 12978268; Shneerson, German A. 1; Email Address: integr@delfa.net Koltunov, Oleg S. 1 Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 2 Titkov, Vassiliy V. 1 Parfentjev, Anatoliy A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electromechanical Department, St.Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p566; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Force-free winding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-destructible solenoids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Super high magnetic field; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.083
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, W.S.
AU  - Swenson, C.A.
AU  - Gavrilin, A.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, H.J.
T1  - Development of “Fast Cool” pulse magnet coil technology at NHMFL
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 594
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Historically, reliable monolithic capacitor bank-driven pulse magnet user systems have been limited to fields of about <f>60 T</f>. We are developing a new user magnet to upgrade the peak fields available to experimenters at the NHMFL facility at Los Alamos. The engineering targets for this pulse system are: <f>65 T</f> operation, a <f>30 min</f> cooling time between shots, and enhanced coil reliability. We have developed new pulse magnet technologies to meet the engineering goals. This paper will report design details and the results from prototype testing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELIABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - FAULT tolerance (Engineering)
KW  - MAINTAINABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - 65 T
KW  - Pulse magnet
KW  - Windings
N1  - Accession Number: 12978273; Marshall, W.S. 1 Swenson, C.A. 1 Gavrilin, A. 1 Schneider-Muntau, H.J.; Email Address: smuntau@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p594; Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Engineering); Subject Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Subject Term: FAULT tolerance (Engineering); Subject Term: MAINTAINABILITY (Engineering); Author-Supplied Keyword: 65 T; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Windings; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.156
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978273&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singleton, J.
AU  - Mielke, C.H.
AU  - Migliori, A.
AU  - Boebinger, G.S.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
T1  - The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Pulsed-Field Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 614
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is the home institution of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Pulsed-Field Facility (NHMFL-PFF). NHMFL-PFF is the only pulsed-field facility in the US (among a few worldwide) to host qualified users whilst running a strong in-house science program on high magnetic field research. State-of-the-art experimental capabilities and pulsed magnets are used to examine the frontiers of condensed matter physics at extremes of high magnetic field, low temperature and high pressure. This paper describes current facilities and science and future developments at NHMFL-PFF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - HIGH pressure (Technology)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - High magnetic fields
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Magneto-optics
KW  - Magnetometry
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Research in high magnetic fields
KW  - User facility
N1  - Accession Number: 12978277; Singleton, J.; Email Address: jsingle@lanl.gov Mielke, C.H. 1 Migliori, A. 1 Boebinger, G.S. 1 Lacerda, A.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, TA-35, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p614; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Technology); Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: High magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Research in high magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: User facility; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.068
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978277&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, H.J.
AU  - Brandt, B.L.
AU  - Brunel, L.C.
AU  - Cross, T.A.
AU  - Edison, A.S.
AU  - Marshall, A.G.
AU  - Reyes, A.P.
T1  - The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 346-347
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We describe two of the main user facilities of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL): (a) the General Purpose DC Field Facility with nine resistive and hybrid magnet stations with continuous fields between 20 and 45 T, and (b) the CIMAR Facilities with 17 spectrometers for the NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging Program, the Fourier Transform ICR Mass Spectrometry Program and the Electron Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Program. The facilities are located in Tallahassee, and Gainesville, FL. Members of the worldwide science and engineering communities can access NHMFL facilities, generally without cost, through a peer-reviewed proposal process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Electron magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - High magnetic fields
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - Research in high magnetic fields
KW  - User facility
N1  - Accession Number: 12978284; Schneider-Muntau, H.J. 1; Email Address: smuntau@magnet.fsu.edu Brandt, B.L. 1 Brunel, L.C. 1 Cross, T.A. 1 Edison, A.S. 2 Marshall, A.G. 1 Reyes, A.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 346-347, p643; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: High magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Research in high magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: User facility; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.075
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12978284&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loth, Eric
AU  - O'Brien, Thomas
AU  - Syamlal, Madhava
AU  - Cantero, Mariano
T1  - Effective diameter for group motion of polydisperse particle mixtures
JO  - Powder Technology
JF  - Powder Technology
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 142
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 218
SN  - 00325910
AB  - An analysis is conducted on the effective mean diameter for fluidized beds and other two-phase flows for which the drag and gravitational forces are the primary determinants of particle motion. This work was motivated by Eulerian-based computational treatments of particles which assume a single group velocity for a polydisperse collection of particles within a computational cell. For particles in the inertial-dominated regime (e.g. Rep>2000), it is found that the Sauter mean diameter is the effective mean diameter regardless of particle shape, particle size number distribution, particle density distribution, or net volume fraction. However, the effective mean diameter is the volume-width diameter for particles which are in the creeping flow regime (Rep≪1), e.g. in micro-fluidized beds. Expressions for the effective diameter for solid spherical particles at intermediate Reynolds numbers are given for a log-normal probability distribution function and for binary mixtures. Finally, comparison with two experimental data sets shows a qualitative validation of the derived effective diameter for the group motion of polydisperse mixtures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - Diameter
KW  - Fluidized
KW  - Polydisperse
KW  - Theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13703204; Loth, Eric 1; Email Address: loth@uiuc.edu O'Brien, Thomas 2 Syamlal, Madhava 3 Cantero, Mariano 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 104 S. Wright St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, USA  3: Fluent, Inc., USA  4: Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Illinois, at Urbana-Champaign, 104 S. Wright St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Apr2004, Vol. 142 Issue 2/3, p209; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diameter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluidized; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polydisperse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.powtec.2004.04.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaudioso, Jennifer
AU  - Salerno, Reynolds M.
T1  - Biosecurity and Research: Minimizing Adverse Impacts.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5671
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
EP  - 687
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Securing pathogens and toxins at research and diagnostic laboratories cannot prevent bioterrorism but can make it more difficult for potential terrorists to divert material from a legitimate facility so as to build a biological weapon. The question is how best to apply biosecurity without impeding biomedical and bioscience research. Three U.S. Codes of Federal Regulations establish lists of agents and toxins that pose a threat to humans, animals, or plants. Furthermore, federal regulations prohibit "restricted persons" from conducting research on any of the listed agents and toxins. Recently, many researchers have decided to discontinue or not pursue research on regulated biological agents, rather than implement the new security regulations and bear the associated financial burden.
KW  - BIOTERRORISM
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - ANTITOXINS
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - FEDERAL government
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13159767; Gaudioso, Jennifer 1 Salerno, Reynolds M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.; Source Info: 4/30/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5671, p687; Subject Term: BIOTERRORISM; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: ANTITOXINS; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: FEDERAL government; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1097
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yin, Yadong
AU  - Rioux, Robert M.
AU  - Erdonmez, Can K.
AU  - Hughes, Steven
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
T1  - Formation of Hollow Nanocrystals Through the Nanoscale Kirkendall Effect.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5671
M3  - Article
SP  - 711
EP  - 714
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Hollow nanocrystals can be synthesized through a mechanism analogous to the Kirkendall Effect, in which pores form because of the difference in diffusion rates between two components in a diffusion couple. Starting with cobalt nanocrystals, we show that their reaction in solution with oxygen and either sulfur or selenium leads to the formation of hollow nanocrystals of the resulting oxide and chalcogenides. This process provides a general route to the synthesis of hollow nanostructures of a large number of compounds. A simple extension of the process yielded platinum-cobalt oxide yolk-shell nanostructures, which may serve as nanoscale reactors in catalytic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - INORGANIC compounds
KW  - COBALT
KW  - SELENIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13159780; Yin, Yadong 1 Rioux, Robert M. 1 Erdonmez, Can K. 1 Hughes, Steven 1 Somorjai, Gabor A. 1 Alivisatos, A. Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 4/30/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5671, p711; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: INORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: SELENIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3924
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fridlind, Ann M.
AU  - Ackerman, Andrew S.
AU  - Jensen, Eric J.
AU  - Heymsfield, Andrew J.
AU  - Poellot, Michael R.
AU  - Stevens, David E.
AU  - Wang, Donghai
AU  - Miloshevich, Larry M.
AU  - Baumgardner, Darret
AU  - Lawson, R. Paul
AU  - Wilson, James C.
AU  - Flagan, Richard C.
AU  - Seinfeld, John H.
AU  - Jonsson, Haflidi H.
AU  - Vanreken, Timothy M.
AU  - Varutbangkul, Varuntida
AU  - Rissman, Tracey A.
T1  - Evidence for the Predominance of Mid-Tropospheric Aerosols as Subtropical Anvil Cloud Nuclei.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/04/30/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5671
M3  - Article
SP  - 718
EP  - 722
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - NASA's recent Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers-Florida Area Cirrus Experiment focused on anvil cirrus clouds, an important but poorly : understood element of our climate system. The data obtained included the first comprehensive measurements of aerosols and cloud particles throughout the atmospheric column during the evolution of multiple deep convective storm systems. Coupling these new measurements with detailed cloud simulations that resolve the size distributions of aerosols and cloud particles, we found several lines of evidence indicating that most anvil crystals form on mid-tropospheric rather than boundary-layer aerosols. This result defies conventional wisdom and suggests that distant pollution sources may have a greater effect on anvil clouds than do local sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TROPOSPHERIC aerosols
KW  - AERONAUTICS -- United States
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - TROPOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - FLORIDA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13159782; Fridlind, Ann M. 1; Email Address: ann.fridlind@nasa.gov Ackerman, Andrew S. 1 Jensen, Eric J. 1 Heymsfield, Andrew J. 2 Poellot, Michael R. 3 Stevens, David E. 4 Wang, Donghai 5 Miloshevich, Larry M. 2 Baumgardner, Darret 6 Lawson, R. Paul 7 Wilson, James C. 8 Flagan, Richard C. 9 Seinfeld, John H. 9 Jonsson, Haflidi H. 10 Vanreken, Timothy M. 9 Varutbangkul, Varuntida 9 Rissman, Tracey A. 9; Affiliation:  1: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.  2: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, USA.  3: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94552, USA.  5: Center for Atmospheric Sciences, Hampton University and NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USA.  6: Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, DF 04510, Mexico.  7: Stratton Park Engineering Company, Inc., Boulder, CO 80301, USA.  8: Department of Engineering, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.  9: Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.  10: Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies, Marina, CA 93933, USA.; Source Info: 4/30/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5671, p718; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERIC aerosols; Subject Term: AERONAUTICS -- United States; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: FLORIDA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3621
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reed, Bryan W.
AU  - Minich, Roger W.
AU  - Rudd, Robert E.
AU  - Kumar, Mukul
T1  - The structure of the cubic coincident site lattice rotation group.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 277
SN  - 01087673
AB  - This work is intended to be a mathematical underpinning for the field of grainboundary engineering and its relatives. The inter-relationships within the set of rotations producing coincident site lattices in cubic crystals are examined in detail. Besides combining previously established but widely scattered results into a unified context, the present work details newly developed representations of the group structure in terms of strings of generators (based on quaternionic number theory, and including uniqueness proofs and rules for algebraic manipulation) as well as an easily visualized topological network model. Important results that were previously obscure or not universally understood (e.g. the ∑ combination rule governing triple junctions) are clarified in these frameworks. The methods also facilitate several general observations, including the very different natures of twin-limited structures in two and three dimensions, the inadequacy of the E combination rule to determine valid quadruple nodes, and a curious link between allowable grain-boundary assignments and the fourcolor map theorem. This kind of understanding is essential to the generation of realistic statistical models of grain-boundary networks (particularly in twindominated systems) and is especially applicable to the field of grain-boundary engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
N1  - Accession Number: 13235487; Reed, Bryan W. 1; Email Address: reed12@llnl.gov Minich, Roger W. 1 Rudd, Robert E. 1 Kumar, Mukul 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 60 Issue 3, p263; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/s010876730400772X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Natasha
AU  - Mayhew, Martin
AU  - Holden, Marcia J.
AU  - Kelly, Halonna
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Heroux, Annie
AU  - Vilker, Vincent L.
AU  - Gallagher, D. T.
T1  - Structure of C73G putidaredoxin from Pseudomonas putida.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 816
EP  - 822
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The structure of the C73G mutant of putidaredoxin (Pdx). the Fe2S2 ferredoxin that supplies electrons to cytochrorne CYPIOI (P4SOcarn) [camphor oxidation, is reported at 1.9 Å resolution in a (2 crystal form. The structure was solved by single-wavelength iron anomalous diffraction, which yielded electron density above the 2σ level for over 97% of the non-H atoms in the protein. The final structure with R = 0.19 and Rfree = 0.21 has been deposited in the Protein Data Bank with accession code lr7s. The C2 crystal contains three Pdx molecules in the asymmetric unit, giving three independent models of the protein that are very similar (r.m.s.d. < 0.3 Å for the 106 Cv atoms). The unusually high solvent fraction of 80% results in comparatively few crystal packing artifacts. The structure is briefly compared with the recently reported crystal structures of the C73S and C73S/C85S mutants. In general, the eight independent molecules in the three crystal structures (three in C73G, three in C73S and two in C73S/CS5S) are much more similar to each other than to the previously reported NMR structure of wild-type Pdx in solution. The present findings show a unanimous structure in some regions crucial for electron-transfer interactions. including the cluster-binding loop 39-48 and the cytochrome-interaction region of Asp38 and Trp106. In addition, the Cys45 amide group donates a hydrogen bond to cluster sulfur SI. with Ala46 adopting an Lα conformation, in all three molecules in the crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - PSEUDOMONADACEAE
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - HEMOPROTEINS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 13108213; Smith, Natasha 1 Mayhew, Martin 1 Holden, Marcia J. 1 Kelly, Halonna 1 Robinson, Howard 2 Heroux, Annie 2 Vilker, Vincent L. 1 Gallagher, D. T. 1; Email Address: travis.gallaghe@nist.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biotechnology Division of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaehersburg, MD 20899-8312, USA.  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 60 Issue 5, p816; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONADACEAE; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: HEMOPROTEINS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Se Bok Jang
AU  - Baeyens, Katrien
AU  - Mi Suk Jeong
AU  - SantaLucia Jr., John
AU  - Turner, Doug
AU  - Holbrook, Stephen R.
T1  - Structures of two RNA octamers containing tandem G.A base pairs.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 829
EP  - 835
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The crystal structures of two RNA octamers. 5'-GGC- (GA)GCC-3' and 5'-GIC((GA)GCC-3', have been determined from X-ray diffraction data to 2.8 and 2.7 Å resolution. respectively. The RNA octamers crystallize in isomorphous unit cells containing two mispairs arranged in a self-complementary manner and one single strand in the asymmetric unit. The single strand pairs with another single strand related by crystallographic symmetry to form a third unique double helix. Tandem non-Watson-Crick G·A/A·G base pairs of the sheared type comprise an internal loop in the middle of each duplex. The NMR structure of this octameric RNA sequence is also known, allowing comparison of the variation between the six crystallographic duplexes and the solution structure. In the symmetric duplex of the octamer containing inosine, the sheared G·A pain incorporate a hound water molecule. This duplex also hinds one water molecule per strand in the minor groove adjacent to the G·A pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - RIBOSE
KW  - INOSINE
KW  - NUCLEOSIDES
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13108280; Se Bok Jang 1; Email Address: sbjang@pusan.ac.kr Baeyens, Katrien 2 Mi Suk Jeong 1 SantaLucia Jr., John 3 Turner, Doug 4 Holbrook, Stephen R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Korea Nanobiotechnology Center, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, South Korea.  2: Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Medical Physicochemistry, KU Leuven, E Van Evenstraat 4, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.  3: Department of Chemistry, 410 West Warree, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.  4: Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.  5: Structural Biology Department, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94726, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 60 Issue 5, p829; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: RIBOSE; Subject Term: INOSINE; Subject Term: NUCLEOSIDES; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kantardjieff, Katherine A.
AU  - Kim, Chang-Yub
AU  - Naranjo, Cleo
AU  - Waldo, Geoffry S.
AU  - Lekin, Timothy
AU  - Segelke, Brent W.
AU  - Zemla, Adam
AU  - Park, Min S.
AU  - Terwilliger, Thomas C.
AU  - Rupp, Bernhard
T1  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis RmlC epimerase (Rv3465).
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 895
EP  - 902
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The Mycobacterium tuberculosis rmlC gene encodes dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose epimerase, the third enzyme in the M. Tuberculosis dTDP-L-rhamnose pathway which is essential for mycobacterial cell-wall synthesis. Because it is structurally unique, highly substrate-specific and does not require a cofactor. RmlC is considered to be the most promising drug target in the pathway, and the M. tuberculosis rmlC gene was selected in the initial round of TB Structural Genomics Consortium targets for structure determination. The 1.7 Å native structure determined by the consortium facilities is reported and implications for in silico screening of ligands of structure-guided drug design are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis
KW  - BACTERIAL cell walls
KW  - TUBERCULIN
KW  - MYCOBACTERIA
KW  - LUNG diseases
KW  - MYCOBACTERIAL diseases
KW  - SYNTHESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 13108354; Kantardjieff, Katherine A. 1 Kim, Chang-Yub 2 Naranjo, Cleo 2 Waldo, Geoffry S. 2 Lekin, Timothy 3 Segelke, Brent W. 3 Zemla, Adam 3 Park, Min S. 2 Terwilliger, Thomas C. 2 Rupp, Bernhard 3; Email Address: br@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and W. M. Keck Foundation Center for Molecular Structure, California State University of Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA.  2: Bioscience Division, M5 M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program L-448 University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94551 USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 60 Issue 5, p895; Subject Term: MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis; Subject Term: BACTERIAL cell walls; Subject Term: TUBERCULIN; Subject Term: MYCOBACTERIA; Subject Term: LUNG diseases; Subject Term: MYCOBACTERIAL diseases; Subject Term: SYNTHESIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, Dong Hae
AU  - Choi, In-Geol
AU  - Busso, Dither
AU  - Jancarik, Jaru
AU  - Yokota, Hisao
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hou
T1  - Structure of OsmC from Escherichia coli.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 903
EP  - 911
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The crystal structure of an osmotically inducible protein (OsmC) From Escherichia colt has been determined at 2.4 Å resolution. OsmC is a representative protein of the OsmC sequence family. which is composed of three sequence subfamilies. The structure of OsmC provides a view of a salt-shock-induced protein. Two identical monomers form a cylindrically shaped dimer iii which six helices are located on the inside and two six-stranded β-sheets wrap around these helices. Structural comparison suggests that the OsmC sequence family has a peroxiredoxin function and has a unique structure compared with other peroxiredoxin families. A detailed analysis of structures and sequence comparisons in the OsmC sequence family revealed that each subfamily has unique motifs. In addition, the molecular function of the OsmC sequence family is discussed based on structural comparisons among the subfamily members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA
KW  - OSMOSIS
KW  - MONOMERS
KW  - PEROXIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 13108361; Shin, Dong Hae 1 Choi, In-Geol 2 Busso, Dither 2 Jancarik, Jaru 2 Yokota, Hisao 1 Kim, Rosalind 1 Kim, Sung-Hou 1,2; Email Address: shkim@chem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 947 20-5230, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 60 Issue 5, p903; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA; Subject Term: OSMOSIS; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Subject Term: PEROXIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinn, John
AU  - Judd, O’Dean P.
AU  - ReVelle, Douglas O.
T1  - Leonid meteor ablation, energy exchange, and trail morphology
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 33
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1466
EP  - 1474
SN  - 02731177
AB  - This paper describes theoretical model studies of the interaction of Leonid meteoroids with the earth’s atmosphere. Subject to some modest-to-strenuous approximations we compute the rates of ablation and deceleration, energy deposition, and terminal altitudes of the meteors as functions of their initial mass and bulk density, velocity, trajectory entry angle, drag coefficient, heat of ablation, and an ablation energy transfer fraction. We find that the dominant energy deposition in the atmosphere is associated with the stopping of the ablated meteor particles and vapor by the surrounding air. Then having computed the energy deposition rates vs. altitude we compute the hydrodynamic and radiative expansion of the hot wake material in the radial direction, along with the associated air chemistry. From the computed results we can then plot two-dimensional temperature contours – as functions of the instantaneous distance behind the meteor and radial distance from the center of the wake, at various altitudes along the meteor’s path. We also compute the rates of emission of radiation and the radiative efficiency, and discuss comparisons with observations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METEORS
KW  - ABLATION (Aerothermodynamics)
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - Meteors
N1  - Accession Number: 13429588; Zinn, John; Email Address: jzinn@lanl.gov Judd, O’Dean P. 1 ReVelle, Douglas O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Nis-1 TA-3 Bldg 1888, Bikini Atoll Road, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 33 Issue 9, p1466; Subject Term: METEORS; Subject Term: ABLATION (Aerothermodynamics); Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meteors; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2003.04.001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Panayotis K. Thanos
T1  - DRD2 Gene Transfer Into the Nucleus Accumbens Core of the Alcohol Preferring and Nonpreferring Rats Attenuates Alcohol Drinking.
JO  - Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research
JF  - Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 720
EP  - 728
SN  - 01456008
AB  - BACKGROUND:: Transient overexpression of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) using an adenoviral vector has been associated with a significant decrease in alcohol intake in Sprague Dawley rats. This overexpression of DRD2 reduced alcohol consumption in a two-bottle-choice paradigm and supported the view that high levels of DRD2 may be protective against alcohol abuse. METHODS:: Using a limited access (1 hr) two-bottle-choice (water versus 10% ethanol) drinking paradigm, we examined the effects of the DRD2 vector in alcohol intake in the genetically inbred alcohol-preferring (P) and -nonpreferring (NP) rats. In addition, micro'''positron emission tomography imaging was used at the completion of the study to assess in vivo the chronic (7 weeks) effects of ethanol exposure on DRD2 levels between the two groups. RESULTS:: P rats that were treated with the DRD2 vector (in the NAc) significantly attenuated their alcohol preference (37% decrease) and intake (48% decrease), and these measures returned to pretreatment levels by day 20. A similar pattern of behavior (attenuation of ethanol drinking) was observed in NP rats. Analysis of the [C]raclopride micro'''positron emission tomography data after chronic (7 weeks) exposure to ethanol revealed clear DRD2 binding differences between the P and NP rats. P rats showed 16% lower [C]raclopride specific binding in striatum than the NP rats. CONCLUSIONS:: These findings further support our hypothesis that high levels of DRD2 are causally associated with a reduction in alcohol consumption and may serve as a protective factor against alcoholism. That this effect was seen in P rats, which are predisposed to alcohol intake, suggests that they are protective even in those who are genetically predisposed to high alcohol intake. It is noteworthy that increasing DRD2 significantly decreased alcohol intake but did not abolish it, suggesting that high DRD2 levels may specifically interfere with the administration of large quantities of alcohol. The significantly higher DRD2 concentration in NP than P rats after 7 weeks of ethanol therefore could account for low alcohol intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEUS accumbens
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - RATS
N1  - Accession Number: 13312818; Panayotis K. Thanos 1; Affiliation:  1: From the Departments of Medicine (PKT, NBT, SNR, SJG, G-JW, NDV) and Chemistry (JSF), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Department of Geriatrics (HU, HI), University of Nagoya School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan; Gerontology Research Center (GR, DKI), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience (RH), Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon; and Laboratory of Neuroimaging (PKT), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p720; Subject Term: NUCLEUS accumbens; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: RATS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norman, Eric B.
AU  - Larimer, Ruth-Mary
AU  - Rech, Gregory
AU  - Lee, Jeffrey
AU  - Vue, Chue
AU  - Leubane, Tholoana
AU  - Zamvil, Kenneth
AU  - Guthrie, Laura
T1  - Bringing atomic and nuclear physics laboratory data into the classroom.
JO  - American Journal of Physics
JF  - American Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 72
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 652
EP  - 654
SN  - 00029505
AB  - To illustrate a number of basic concepts in atomic and nuclear physics, we have developed three Web sites where students can analyze data from modem laboratories. By working through the on-line procedures, students will become acquainted with characteristic x-ray spectra, nuclear half-lives, x-ray fluorescence, and neutron activation analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Physics is the property of American Association of Physics Teachers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - NUCLEAR activation analysis
KW  - WEB development
KW  - INTERNET in education
KW  - EDUCATION
KW  - NUCLEAR science
N1  - Accession Number: 13119443; Norman, Eric B. 1,2; Email Address: ebnorman@lbl.gov Larimer, Ruth-Mary 1,2 Rech, Gregory 1,3 Lee, Jeffrey 1,4 Vue, Chue 1,5 Leubane, Tholoana 1,6 Zamvil, Kenneth 1,7 Guthrie, Laura 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California  3: Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, California  4: Department of Physics, California State University, Fresno, California  5: Franklin Middle School, Vallejo, California  6: Hogan High School, Vallejo, California  7: Acalanes High School, Lafayette, California; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 72 Issue 5, p652; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR activation analysis; Subject Term: WEB development; Subject Term: INTERNET in education; Subject Term: EDUCATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923110 Administration of Education Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611710 Educational Support Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1119/1.1643373
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, Kevin J.
AU  - Dove, Patricia M.
AU  - Wasylenki, Laura E.
AU  - De Yoreo, James J.
T1  - Morphological consequences of differential Mg2+ incorporation at structurally distinct steps on calcite.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 714
EP  - 720
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Magnesium is considered the principal modifier of calcite morphology in  many natural environments. However, the physical mechanism by which magnesium alters the external  form of calcite has remained controversial due to a lack of direct experimental insight. Here  we use in situ AFM observations of step dynamics and growth-hillock morphology to resolve the role of  Mg2+ in governing calcite surface morphologies. We show that Mg2+ directly  modifies the surface morphology of calcite as a consequence of differential interaction with four cry  stallographically controlled step directions. Step-specific interactions are especially evident at low Mg/Ca ratios in  solution, where steps with acute step-edge geometries ([441]- and [481]-) are  observed to be rough while obtuse steps ([441]+ and  [481]+) remain smooth. Higher Mg/Ca solution ratios cause the  edges of both step-types to become rough and the growth spiral to approach an elliptical form. During this  process, new [421] step directions are generated by decreased growth velocities at the  intersection of the ± directions. As these steps flow along the [010] vector, they accumulate and result in the  formation of pseudofacets with an orientation that approximates a (010) face. We propose that this  phenomenon is the result of strain at the intersection of nonequivalent step-types, resulting in differential  Mg2+ incorporation across the boundary between those steps. This hypothesis is supported by estimates of  the incorporated strain as well as observations of growth-hillock recovery from impurity poisoning  that indicate the presence of "remembered" strain at the boundary of the nonequivalent step-types. The  results of this study offer a plausible molecular-scale explanation for elongate calcite crystals that  are commonly observed in sedimentary environments. This novel explanation for... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - CALCITE crystals
KW  - ROCK-forming minerals
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13853295; Davis, Kevin J. 1,2 Dove, Patricia M. 1; Email Address: dove@vt.edu Wasylenki, Laura E. 1 De Yoreo, James J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, U.S.A.  2: Department of Earth Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, U.S.A.  3: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, U.S.A.; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 89 Issue 5/6, p714; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: CALCITE crystals; Subject Term: ROCK-forming minerals; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Labotka, Theodore C.
AU  - Cole, David R.
AU  - Riciputi, Lee R.
AU  - Fayek, Mostafa
T1  - Diffusion of C and O in calcite from 0.1 to 200 MPa.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 799
EP  - 806
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - We measured the diffusivity of C and O in calcite over the pressure range  0.1-200 MPa at 600-800 °C in a pure CO2 atmosphere. The experiments were conducted on single,  preannealed crystals of Chihuahuan calcite in an isotopically labeled atmosphere, and the  diffusion profiles were measured by secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS). At 800 °C, Dc and Do  are identical at 0.1 MPa at a value of ∼ 10-13.5 cm²/s. The value of  Dc decreases to ∼ 10-16 cm²/s with an  increase in pressure to ∼50 MPa and remains at that value to 200 MPa,  but Do remains nearly constant at a value of ∼10- 14 cm²/s to 200 MPa. The identical values at low pressure  indicate that C and O are migrating together as a carbonate anion. A  simple model relates the diffusivity of carbonate anions to the formation  of vacancies at the crystal surface, which predicts that Dc  ∞ 1/fco2]. The prediction matches the observed  decrease in Dc with increasing pressure to 50 MPa. The shapes of the  diffusion profiles for the low-pressure experiments indicate compositional  dependence of D, which also suggests the influence of CO2  sorption on the diffusivity. The value of Dc at 0.1 MPa can be fitted to  the relation Dc = 0.62 exp[(-291 kJ/mol)/RT]. The activation  energy is nearly twice the value determined for Dc at 100 MPa,  ∼166 kJ/mol. The change in slope for log Dc vs. P and the  change in Ea between 0.1 and 100 Mpa suggest that the migrating  C species changes from carbonate anions at low pressure to carbon atoms at P ≥ 50 MPa. The values of Do at 0.1 MPa can be fitted to  Do = 0.017 exp[(-261 kJ/mol)/RT], approximately the same as for  C at 0.1 MPa and similar to the relation for Do at 100 MPa: Do  = 0.008 exp[(-242 kJ/mol)/RT]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13853304; Labotka, Theodore C. 1; Email Address: tlabotka@utk.edu Cole, David R. 2 Riciputi, Lee R. 3,4 Fayek, Mostafa 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1410, U.S.A.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge,  Tennessee 37831-6110, U.S.A.  3: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville,  Tennessee 37996-1410, U.S.A.  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, U.S.A.; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 89 Issue 5/6, p799; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamada, Michael
AU  - Sitter, Randy
T1  - Statistical Research: Some Advice for Beginners.
JO  - American Statistician
JF  - American Statistician
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 58
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 101
SN  - 15372731
AB  - For new graduate students, we discuss issues and aspects of doing statistical research and provide advice. We answer questions that we had when we were beginners, like "When do I start?", "How do I start?", "How do I find out what has already been done?", "How do I make progress?", "How do I finish?", and "What else can I do?". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Statistician is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS -- Research
KW  - GRADUATE students
KW  - STATISTICS -- Study & teaching
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Finding problems
KW  - Identifying literature
KW  - Presenting
N1  - Accession Number: 13020514; Hamada, Michael 1; Email Address: hamada@lanl.gov Sitter, Randy 2; Affiliation:  1: Statistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  2: Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 58 Issue 2, p93; Subject Term: STATISTICS -- Research; Subject Term: GRADUATE students; Subject Term: STATISTICS -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: PROBLEM solving; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finding problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Identifying literature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Presenting; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kellersberqer, Katherine A.
AU  - Yu, Eizadora
AU  - Kruppa, Gary H.
AU  - Young, Maim M.
AU  - Daniel. Fabrls
T1  - Top-Down Characterization of Nucleic Acids Modified by Structural Probes Using High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Automated Data Interpretation.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2438
EP  - 2445
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A top-down approach based on sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORI-CID) has been implemented on an electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform mass spectrometer (FTMS) to characterize nucleic acid substrates modified by structural probes. Solvent accessibility reagents, such as dimethyl sulfate (DMS), 1 -cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide metho-p-toluenesulfonate (CMCI), and β-ethoxy-α-ketobutyraldehyde (kethoxal, KT) are widely employed to reveal the position of single- vs double-stranded regions and obtain the footprint of bound proteins onto nucleic acids structures. Established methods require end-labeling of the nucleic acid constructs, probe-specific chemistry to produce strand cleavage at the modified nucleotides, and analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine the position of the susceptible sites. However, these labor-intensive procedures can be avoided when mass spectrometry is used to identify the probe- induced modifications from their characteristic mass signatures. In particular, ESI-FTMS can be directly employed to monitor the conditions of probe application to avoid excessive alkylation, which could induce unwanted distortion or defolding of the substrate of interest. The sequence position of the covalent modifications can be subsequently obtained from classic tandem techniques, which allow for the analysis of individual target adducts present in complex reaction mixtures with no need for separation techniques. Selection and activation by SORI- CID has been employed to reveal the position of adducts in nucleic acid substrates in excess of 6 kDa. The stability of the different covalent modifications under SORI-CID conditions was investigated. Multiple stages of isolation and activation were employed in MSn experiments to obtain the desired sequence information whenever the adduct stability was not particularly favorable, and SORI- CID induced the facile loss of the modified base. A new program called MS2Links was developed for the automated reduction and interpretation of fragmentation data obtained from modified nucleic acids. Based on an algorithm that searches for plausible isotopic patterns, the data reduction module is capable of discriminating legitimate signals from noise spikes of comparable intensity. The fragment identification module calculates the monoisotopic mass of ion products expected from a certain sequence and user-defined covalent modifications, which are finally matched with the signals selected by the data reduction program. Considering that MS2Links can generate similar fragment libraries for peptides and theft covalent conjugates with other peptides or nucleic acids, this program provides an integrated platform for the structural investigation of protein-nucleic add complexes based on cross-linking strategies and top-down ESI-FTMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - POLYACRYLAMIDE gel electrophoresis
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13600181; Kellersberqer, Katherine A. 1 Yu, Eizadora 1 Kruppa, Gary H. 2 Young, Maim M. 2 Daniel. Fabrls 1; Email Address: fabris@umbc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 9, p2438; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: POLYACRYLAMIDE gel electrophoresis; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0355045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanjun Tang
AU  - Ji Fang
AU  - Xiaohe Xu
AU  - Hai-Feng Ji
AU  - Brown, Gilbert M.
AU  - Thundatt, Thomas
T1  - Detection of Femtomolar Concentrations of HF Using an SiO2 Microcantilever.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2478
EP  - 2481
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Femtomolar concentrations of hydrogen fluoride, a decomposition component of nerve agents, were detected using a SiO2 microcantilever. The microcantilever underwent bending due to the reaction of HF with SiO2. The microcantilever deflection increased as the concentration of HF increased. Other acids, such as HCl, had no effect on the deflection of the cantilever. The mechanism of reaction-induced bending and the correlation of micro-cantilever deflection with the HF concentration are discussed. The deflection in response to HF of a commercially available silicon cantilever was also studied, and its response was compared with that of the SiO2 cantilever. Much less bending amplitude and sensitivity were observed for the silicon cantilever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN fluoride
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NERVE gases
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13600186; Yanjun Tang 1 Ji Fang 1 Xiaohe Xu 1 Hai-Feng Ji 1; Email Address: hji@chem.latech.edu Brown, Gilbert M. 2 Thundatt, Thomas 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71270.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.  3: Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 9, p2478; Subject Term: HYDROGEN fluoride; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NERVE gases; Subject Term: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0352272
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhigang Wu
AU  - Rodgers, Ryan P.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Two- and Three-Dimensional van Krevelen Diagrams: A Graphical Analysis Complementary to the Kendrick Mass Plot for Sorting Elemental Compositions . . .
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2511
EP  - 2516
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Ultrahigh-resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry has resolved and identified the elemental compositions of over 10 000 organic constituents of coal and petroleum crude oil. A plot of Kendrick mass defect versus Kendrick nominal mass sorts compounds into homologous series according to compound class (i.e., numbers of N, O, and S heteroatoms), type (number of rings plus double bonds), and degree of alkylation (number of CH2 groups), to yield unique elemental assignments from ultrahigh-resolution mass measurements in the 200-900 Da range. Interpretation of such a vast compilation requires a simple (preferably graphical) means to differentiate between complex organic mixtures of different origin or processing. In an extension of the recently revived van Krevelen plot, each elemental composition is projected onto two or three axes according to its H/C, O/C, and/or N/C atomic ratios. The H/C ratio separates compounds according to degree of saturation, whereas O/C or N/C ratios separate according to O and N classes. We show that the three-dimensional van Krevelen diagram can completely separate different classes in pyridine-extracted coal or petroleum samples and can also graphically distinguish fossil fuels according to their nature (coal vs petroleum), maturation (coals of different rank), and processing (the same coal at two stages of liquefaction). The van Krevelen diagram thus appears well suited to amplifying and exposing compositional differences within and between complex organic mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - ALKYLATION
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13600191; Zhigang Wu 1,2 Rodgers, Ryan P. 1,2 Marshall, Alan G. 1,2; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4005.  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 9, p2511; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: ALKYLATION; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0355449
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes IV, James H.
AU  - Schilling, Gregory D.
AU  - Sperline, Roger
AU  - Denton, M. Bonner
AU  - Young, Erick T.
AU  - Barinaga, Charles J.
AU  - Koppenaal, David W.
AU  - Hieftje, Gary M.
T1  - Characterization of a Focal Plane Camera Fitted to a Mattauch -- Herzog Geometry Mass Spectrograph. 2. Use with an Inductively Coupled Plasma.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2531
EP  - 2536
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A novel charge-sensitive detector array, termed the focal plane camera (FPC), has been coupled to a Mattauch-Herzog mass spectrograph (MHMS) with an inductively coupled plasma ionization source. The FPC employs an array of gold Faraday cups, each with its own charge-integrating circuit that allows the simultaneous detection of several m/z ratios. The ion-sampling interface of the MHMS has been redesigned to provide better heat transfer away from the sampler and skimmer cones and to reduce the negative effects of turbulent gas flows around the plasma. The instrument has produced limits of detection in the tens to hundreds of parts per quadrillion regime and isotope ratio accuracy and precision of 5% error and 0.007% RSD, respectively. Limits of detection with the FPC are comparable to those obtained with a single-channel secondary electron multiplier (SEM). However, the isotope ratio accuracy and precision are better with the FPC than when the SEM is employed. The dynamic range has been shown to be linear over 7 orders of magnitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - FOCAL planes
KW  - CAMERAS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 13600194; Barnes IV, James H. 1 Schilling, Gregory D. 1 Sperline, Roger 2 Denton, M. Bonner 2 Young, Erick T. 3 Barinaga, Charles J. 4 Koppenaal, David W. 4 Hieftje, Gary M. 1; Email Address: hieftje@indiana.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721.  3: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721.  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 9, p2531; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: FOCAL planes; Subject Term: CAMERAS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414430 Photographic equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423410 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443145 Camera and photographic supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac030337u
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong, Victor
AU  - Shalliker, R. Andrew
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Evaluation of the Uniformity of Analytical-Size Chromatography Columns Prepared by the Downward Packing of Particulate Slurries.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2601
EP  - 2608
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The axial heterogeneity of downward slurry-packed chromatography columns was evaluated. A series of columns were prepared that varied in total length from 5 to 30 cm. Each column was packed in stainless steel tubing that was sectioned to allow the column to be divided into 5-cm sections after packing. Each 5-cm section of these columns was then tested for chromatographic performance. In total, 22 such column sections were tested. The results of the study show that the consolidation of the packed bed is a very complex problem, yet systematic variations of the column performance were observed, depending on the location of the section tested from within the entire column. For example, when columns longer than 20 cm were packed, the most homogeneous and best performing section of the column was the lower midsection. Whereas for columns shorter than 20 cm in length, the best sectioned region of the bed was the lower and outlet region. In all cases, the most poorly packed region of the bed was the column inlet section, irrespective of the bed length. The phenomenon associated with this axial heterogeneity undoubtedly results from a complex interplay between wall friction, particle momentum, and the pressure pulsations resulting from the packing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - HETEROGENEITY
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - PHASE partition
KW  - HOMOGENEITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13600204; Wong, Victor 1 Shalliker, R. Andrew 1 Guiochon, Georges 2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: School of Science Food and Horticulture, University of Western Sydney, South Penrith D.C., 1797 Australia.  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600 and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37996.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 9, p2601; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: HETEROGENEITY; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PHASE partition; Subject Term: HOMOGENEITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac030391a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - DYNAMICS OF SINGLE BIOMOLECULES IN FREE SOLUTION.
JO  - Annual Review of Physical Chemistry
JF  - Annual Review of Physical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - C-2
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 0066426X
AB  - Instrumental advances have allowed the continuous observation of single-molecule trajectories in free solution. Diffraction-limited spectral resolution at video frame rates is routinely achieved by using commercial, intensified, charge-coupled device cameras, low-power continuous-wave lasers, and standard optical microscopes. Either the native fluorescence from large biomolecules or emission from conjugated fluorescence labels can be employed to follow multiple molecules over many seconds. Both molecular motion at the liquid/solid interface and in bulk solution can be recorded. The former reveals adsorption and desorption probabilities that are related to chromatographic retention processes and to the applicability of biocompatible materials. The latter allows the manipulation of particles and large biomolecules to facilitate separation and identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Physical Chemistry is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - LIGHT amplifiers
KW  - DNA
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - BIOMEDICAL materials
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - chromatography
KW  - electrophoresis
KW  - interface
KW  - migration
KW  - protein
N1  - Accession Number: 14393556; Yeung, Edward S. 1; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p97; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: LIGHT amplifiers; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL materials; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 32p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.physchem.54.011002.103820
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chandler, Darrell P.
AU  - Jarrell, Ann E.
T1  - Automated Purification and Suspension Array Detection of 16S rRNA from Soil and Sediment Extracts by Using Tunable Surface Microparticles.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 70
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2621
EP  - 2631
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Autonomous, field-deployable molecular detection systems require seamless integration of complex biochemical solutions and physical or mechanical processing steps. In an attempt to simplify the fluidic requirements for integrated biodetection systems, we used tunable surface microparticles both as an rRNA affinity purification resin in a renewable microcolumn sample preparation system and as the sensor surface in a flow cytometer detector. The tunable surface detection limits in both low- and high-salt buffers were 1 ng of total RNA (∼104 cell equivalents) in 15-min test tube hybridizations and 10 ng of total RNA (∼105 cell equivalents) in hybridizations with the automated system (30-s contact time). RNA fragmentation was essential for achieving tunable surface suspension array specificity. Chaperone probes reduced but did not completely eliminate cross-hybridization, even with probes sharing <50% identity to target sequences. Nonpurified environmental extracts did not irreparably affect our ability to classify color-coded microparticles, but residual environmental constituents significantly quenched the Alexa-532 reporter fluor. Modulating surface charge did not influence the interaction of soluble environmental contaminants with conjugated beads. The automated system greatly reduced the effects of fluorescence quenching, especially in the soil background. The automated system was as efficacious as manual methods for simultaneous sample purification, hybridization, and washing prior to flow cytometry detection. The implications of unexpected target cross-hybridization and fluorescence quenching are discussed relative to the design and implementation of an integrated microbial monitoring system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOILS
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - POLLUTANTS
N1  - Accession Number: 13273903; Chandler, Darrell P. 1; Email Address: dchandler@anl.gov Jarrell, Ann E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biochip Technology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 70 Issue 5, p2621; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL ecology; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.5.2621-2631.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spataru, C. D.
AU  - Ismail-Beigi, S.
AU  - Benedict, L. X.
AU  - Louie, S. G.
T1  - Quasiparticle energies, excitonic effects and optical absorption spectra of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1129
EP  - 1136
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - We present a first-principles study of the effects of many-electron interactions on the optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Motivated by recent experiments, we have carried out ab initio calculations on the single-walled carbon nanotubes (3, 3), (5, 0) and (8, 0). The calculations are based on a many-body Green’s function approach in which both the quasiparticle (single-particle) excitation spectrum and the optical (electron–hole excitation) spectrum are determined. We show that the optical spectrum of both the semiconducting and metallic nanotubes studied exhibits important excitonic effects due to their quasi-one-dimensional nature. Binding energies for excitonic states range from zero for the metallic (5, 0) tube to nearly 1 eV for the semiconducting (8, 0) tube. Moreover, the metallic (3, 3) tube possesses exciton states bound by nearly 100 meV. Our calculated spectra explain quantitatively the observed features found in the measured spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - OPTICAL spectrometers
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - BETHE-Salpeter equation
N1  - Accession Number: 12491575; Spataru, C. D. 1,2 Ismail-Beigi, S. 1,2 Benedict, L. X. 3 Louie, S. G. 1,2; Email Address: sglouie@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  3: H Division, Physics and Advanced Technologies Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 78 Issue 8, p1129; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: OPTICAL spectrometers; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: BETHE-Salpeter equation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doorn, S. K.
AU  - Heller, D. A.
AU  - Barone, P. W.
AU  - Usrey, M. L.
AU  - Strano, M. S.
T1  - Resonant Raman excitation profiles of individually dispersed single walled carbon nanotubes in solution.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1147
EP  - 1155
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - Raman excitation profiles were generated between 695 and 985 nm for individual carbon nanotubes dispersed in aqueous solution. We confirmed that previously published spectral assignments for semi-conducting and metallic carbon nanotubes are able to predict the location and resonant maxima of radial breathing mode features in the Raman spectrum. Three large diameter features were observed within the excitation space over the scan range and accurately predicted as metallic species. There was significant agreement between predicted and observed Raman modes. However, one discrepancy is noted with the (6,4) nanotubes. This species is not observed when excited at or near its absorption transition. We find that the Raman cross-sections in general, assuming a diameter-based distribution of nanotubes, are disproportionately smaller for mod(n-m,3)=1 semi-conducting nanotubes than their counterparts by at least an order of magnitude. These results have important implications for the use of Raman spectroscopy to effectively characterize the chirality distribution of carbon nanotube samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ABSORPTION cross sections
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL devices
N1  - Accession Number: 12491573; Doorn, S. K. 1 Heller, D. A. 2 Barone, P. W. 3 Usrey, M. L. 3 Strano, M. S. 3; Email Address: strano@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Analytical Chemistry Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois — Urbana/Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA  3: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois — Urbana/Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 78 Issue 8, p1147; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ABSORPTION cross sections; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - G. Y. Jung, T. G.
AU  - Ganapathiappan, S.
AU  - X. Li
AU  - Ohlberg, D. A. A.
AU  - Olynick, D. L.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - W. M. Tong, Y.
AU  - Williams, R. S.
T1  - Fabrication of molecular-electronic circuits by nanoimprint lithography at low temperatures and pressures.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 78
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1169
EP  - 1173
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - We have utilized a modified version of thermal nanoimprint lithography to fabricate a rewritable, nonvolatile, molecular memory device with a density of 6.4 Gbit/cm[sup 2]. It has the advantages of a relatively low operating temperature of (∼70 °C) and pressure of (<500 psi or 4.5 MPa), both of which are critical to preserving the integrity of the molecular layer. The architecture of the circuit was based on an 8×8 crossbar structure, with an active molecular layer sandwiched between the top and bottom electrodes. A liftoff process was utilized to produce the top and bottom electrodes made of Pt/Ti bilayers. The active molecular layer was deposited by the Languir–Blodgett technique. We utilized a new class of nanoimprint resist formulated by dissolving a polymer in its monomer. The formulation we used, was poly(benzyl methacrylate), dissolved in benzyl methacrylate with t-butyl peroxy 2-ethylhexanoate added as a self-initiator (8:90:2 by weight). The new resist allowed us to achieve Pt/Ti lines of 40 nm in width and 130 nm in pitch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - METHYL methacrylate
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MICROFABRICATION
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 12491583; G. Y. Jung, T. G. 1 Ganapathiappan, S. 1 X. Li 1 Ohlberg, D. A. A. 1 Olynick, D. L. 2 Chen, Y. 1 W. M. Tong, Y. 1,3 Williams, R. S. 1; Email Address: stan.williams@hp.com; Affiliation:  1: Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, California, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  3: Technology Development Operations, Inkjet Technology Platform, Hewlett-Packard Company, Oregon, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 78 Issue 8, p1169; Subject Term: PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: METHYL methacrylate; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MICROFABRICATION; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, S. G.
AU  - Barty, C. P. J.
AU  - Betts, S. M.
AU  - Brown, W. J.
AU  - Crane, J. K.
AU  - Cross, R. R.
AU  - Fittinghoff, D. N.
AU  - Gibson, D. J.
AU  - Hartemann, F. V.
AU  - Kuba, J.
AU  - LeSage, G. P.
AU  - Rosenzweig, J. B.
AU  - Slaughter, D. R.
AU  - Springer, P. T.
AU  - Tremaine, A. M.
T1  - Short-pulse, high-brightness X-ray production with the PLEIADES Thomson-scattering source.
JO  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
JF  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 78
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 891
EP  - 894
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09462171
AB  - PLEIADES is a compact, tunable, high-brightness, ultra-short-pulse, Thomson-scattering X-ray source. Picosecond pulses of hard X-rays (10–200 keV) are created by colliding an ultra-relativistic (20–100 MeV), picosecond-duration electron beam with a high-intensity, sub-picosecond, 800-nm laser pulse. Initial operation of this source has produced 78-keV X-rays with 106 photons per pulse using a 57-MeV, 0.3-nC, 50-μm rms width electron beam and a 180-mJ, 15-μm rms width laser pulse. The angular distribution, energy, and energy spectrum of the source are found to agree well with theory and simulations. Source optimization is expected to increase X-ray output to between 107 and 108 photons per pulse with a peak brightness approaching 1020 photons/s/0.1% bandwidth/mm2/mrad2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASERS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
N1  - Accession Number: 13008678; Anderson, S. G. 1; Email Address: anderson131@llnl.gov Barty, C. P. J. 1 Betts, S. M. 1 Brown, W. J. 1 Crane, J. K. 1 Cross, R. R. 1 Fittinghoff, D. N. 1 Gibson, D. J. 2 Hartemann, F. V. 1 Kuba, J. 1 LeSage, G. P. 1 Rosenzweig, J. B. 3 Slaughter, D. R. 1 Springer, P. T. 1 Tremaine, A. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: UCD Department of Applied Science, 66 Hert Hall, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 78 Issue 7/8, p891; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Staub, F.
AU  - Braud, M.
AU  - Balmer, J. E.
AU  - Nilsen, J.
AU  - Bajt, S.
T1  - Simultaneous imaging of the near- and far-field intensity distributions of the Ni-like Sn X-ray laser.
JO  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
JF  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 78
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 971
EP  - 974
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09462171
AB  - We report two-dimensional near-field imaging experiments of the 11.9-nm Sn X-ray laser that were performed with a set of novel Mo/Y multilayer mirrors having reflectivities of up to ∼40% at normal and at 45° incidence. Second-moment analysis of the X-ray laser emission was used to determine values of the X-ray beam propagation factor M2 for a range of irradiation parameters. The results reveal a reduction of M2 with increasing prepulse intensity. The spatial size of the output is a factor of ∼2 smaller than previously measured for the 14.7-nm Pd X-ray laser, while the distance of the X-ray emission with respect to the target surface remains roughly the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - SELENIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13008691; Staub, F. 1; Email Address: felix.staub@iap.unibe.ch Braud, M. 1 Balmer, J. E. 1 Nilsen, J. 2 Bajt, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Applied Physics, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 78 Issue 7/8, p971; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: SELENIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeitoun, P. H.
AU  - Balcou, P. H.
AU  - Bucourt, S.
AU  - Delmotte, F.
AU  - Dovillaire, G.
AU  - Douillet, D.
AU  - Dunn, J.
AU  - Faivre, G.
AU  - Fajardo, M.
AU  - Goldberg, K. A.
AU  - Hubert, S.
AU  - Hunter, J. R.
AU  - Idir, M.
AU  - Jacquemot, S.
AU  - Kazamias, S.
AU  - Le Pape, S.
AU  - Levecq, X.
AU  - Lewis, C. L. S.
AU  - Marmoret, R.
T1  - Recent developments in X-UV optics and X-UV diagnostics.
JO  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
JF  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 78
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 983
EP  - 988
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09462171
AB  - Metrology of XUV beams (X-ray lasers, high-harmonic generation and VUV free-electron lasers) is of crucial importance for the development of applications. We have thus developed several new optical systems enabling us to measure the optical properties of XUV beams. By use of a Michelson interferometer working as a Fourier-transform spectrometer, the line shapes of different X-ray lasers have been measured with a very high accuracy (Δλ/λ ∼ 10-6). Achievement of the first XUV wavefront sensor has enabled us to measure the beam quality of laser-pumped as well as discharge-pumped X-ray lasers. A capillary discharge X-ray laser has demonstrated a very good wavefront allowing us to achieve an intensity as high as 3×1014 W cm-2 by focusing with a ƒ = 5 cm mirror. The sensor accuracy has been measured using a calibrated spherical wave generated by diffraction. The accuracy has been estimated to be as good as λ/120 at 13 nm. Commercial developments are underway. At Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, we are setting up a new beamline based on high-harmonic generation in order to start the femtosecond, coherent XUV optic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - GIRDERS
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13008680; Zeitoun, P. H. 1; Email Address: phillippe.zeitoun@ensta.fr Balcou, P. H. 2 Bucourt, S. 3 Delmotte, F. 4 Dovillaire, G. 3 Douillet, D. 2 Dunn, J. 5 Faivre, G. 1 Fajardo, M. 1 Goldberg, K. A. 6 Hubert, S. 1,2 Hunter, J. R. 5 Idir, M. 1 Jacquemot, S. 7 Kazamias, S. 2 Le Pape, S. 1 Levecq, X. 3 Lewis, C. L. S. 8 Marmoret, R. 7; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire d'Interaction du rayonnement X avec la Matière, Université Paris-Sud, Bât 350, 91405 Orsay, France  2: Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA, Chemin de La Hunière, 91761 Palaiseau, France  3: Imagine Optic, 18 rue Charles de Gaulle, 91400 Orsay, France  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  5: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Commissariat á l'Énergie Atomique, BP 2, 91680 Bruyères-le-Chatel, France  7: School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK  8: NSF ERC for Extreme Ultraviolet Science and Technology and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1373, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 78 Issue 7/8, p983; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: GIRDERS; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glover, T. E.
AU  - Ackerman, G. D.
AU  - Lee, R. W.
AU  - Young, D. A.
T1  - Probing particle synthesis during femtosecond laser ablation: initial phase transition kinetics.
JO  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
JF  - Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 78
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 995
EP  - 1000
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09462171
AB  - The impulsive superheating of matter by an intense, ultrashort laser pulse drives material expansion into vacuum (ablation) and an associated formation of nanoparticles. The underlying dynamics of particle formation are complex and direct experimental probes of the rapid material evolution are essential. Femtosecond lasers coupled to modern synchrotrons offer an important new opportunity to probe ejecta dynamics on an atomic lengthscale. Here, the impulsive heating of a semiconductor (silicon) by an intense femtosecond laser pulse leads to material ejection and time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy probes rapid solidification kinetics occurring within the ejecta. Transient photoemission peak-shifts indicate that material is ejected predominantly as liquid droplets and that solidification occurs rapidly (< 50 ps). The solidification time suggests that vacuum ejection leads to significantly enhanced undercooling compared to what has been obtained by more conventional quenching techniques; this may be of interest in attempts to ‘trap’ novel material states associated with extreme laser heating. Finally, a low fraction of vapor particles in the ejecta supports a view that the size-distribution of ejected particles is set by an initial fragmentation process rather than by vapor condensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics B: Lasers & Optics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - HEATING
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
N1  - Accession Number: 13008656; Glover, T. E. 1; Email Address: teglover@lbl.gov Ackerman, G. D. 1 Lee, R. W. 2 Young, D. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Physics Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 78 Issue 7/8, p995; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norman, E.B.
AU  - Browne, E.
AU  - Goldman, I.D.
AU  - Renne, P.R.
T1  - Improved limit on the electron capture decay branch of 176Lu
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
SN  - 09698043
AB  - We have performed searches for the electron-capture decay branches of 176Lu to the ground state and first excited state of 176Yb. No evidence of either decay mode was observed. From these measurements we have established upper limits on both of these possible branches that are each >20 times more stringent than the single previously published limit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON capture
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - DECAY schemes (Radioactivity)
KW  - YTTERBIUM
KW  - Electron-capture
KW  - Ge detector
KW  - Geochronology
KW  - Natural radioactivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12776082; Norman, E.B. 1; Email Address: ebnorman@lbl.gov Browne, E. 1 Goldman, I.D. 2 Renne, P.R. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 50R5008, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Instituto de Física, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil  3: Berkeley Geochronology Center, 2455 Ridge Road, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA  4: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 60 Issue 5, p767; Subject Term: ELECTRON capture; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: DECAY schemes (Radioactivity); Subject Term: YTTERBIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron-capture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ge detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochronology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural radioactivity; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2003.12.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G.L.
T1  - Corrigendum to “Work and disproportionation for aqueous plutonium”: [Appl. Radiat. Isot. 59 (2003) 217–220]
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 60
IS  - 5
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 783
SN  - 09698043
N1  - Accession Number: 12776085; Silver, G.L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MSE 500, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 60 Issue 5, p783; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2003.12.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anovitz, L.M.
AU  - Elam, J.M.
AU  - Riciputi, L.R.
AU  - Cole, D.R.
T1  - Isothermal Time-Series Determination of the Rate of Diffusion of Water in Pachuca Obsidian.
JO  - Archaeometry
JF  - Archaeometry
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 326
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0003813X
AB  - article introducing an exciting, potentially precise and inexpensive method of dating obsidian artefacts has thus far failed to reach its potential. Numerous efforts to refine, improve and even redevelop the method since that time have similarly failed to achieve the original promise. Only within the last eight years have significant improvements been made, due to both improved analytical techniques and a better understanding of the hydration process. However, most of our mechanistic understanding of the interaction of water with rhyolitic glass is based on experiments performed on melts and glasses at temperatures above their glass transitions, conditions inappropriate for investigation of near-surface environmental conditions. Unfortunately, studies detailing the temporal evolution of the diffusion profile at low temperatures are rare, and few useful data are available on the low-temperature diffusive hydration of silicate glasses. This paper presents data on the experimental hydration of obsidian from the Pachuca source (a.k.a. Sierra de las Navajas, Basin of Mexico) at 75°C for times ranging from 3 to 562 days, and compares these results with data for samples obtained from a stratigraphic excavation of the Chalco site in the Basin of Mexico. Samples have been analysed using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to provide concentration/depth data. While 75°C is still significantly above the temperatures at which archaeological obsidians hydrate, it is well below the glass transition temperature (approx. 400°C) and thus processes are likely to be similar to those that occur in nature, but fast enough to be observed over a laboratory timescale. The results demonstrate that a simple square-root-of-time model of the evolution of the diffusion profile is not adequate to describe the diffusion process, as measured diffusion profiles exhibit the effects of concentration- and time-dependent, non-Fickian diffusion. With progressive hydration, characteristic diffusion coefficients first decrease, then increase with time. Surface concentration increases with time, but an intermediate plateau is observed in its time evolution that is consistent with results obtained from the suite of Chalco samples. Both of these effects have been observed during diffusion in glassy polymer systems and are associated with the build-up and relaxation of self-stress caused by the influx of diffusing material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archaeometry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OBSIDIAN
KW  - VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - THERMOPHYSICAL properties
KW  - TRANSITION temperature
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - EXPERIMENTS
N1  - Accession Number: 13218403; Anovitz, L.M. 1,2 Elam, J.M. 3 Riciputi, L.R. 4 Cole, D.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, MS 6110, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 4500S, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, USA  3: Department of Anthroplogy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA  4: Chemical Sciences Division, MS 6375, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 4500s, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6375, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p301; Subject Term: OBSIDIAN; Subject Term: VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: THERMOPHYSICAL properties; Subject Term: TRANSITION temperature; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: EXPERIMENTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1475-4754.2004.00159.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xia, Xiaobing
AU  - Lin, Chiann-Tso
AU  - Wang, Gang
AU  - Fang, Hongqing
T1  - Binding of phlorizin to the C-terminal loop 13 of the Na+/glucose cotransporter does not depend on the [560–608] disulfide bond
JO  - Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics
JF  - Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 425
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 58
SN  - 00039861
AB  - The disulfide bonds of the Na+/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) are believed to participate in the binding of the transport inhibitor phlorizin. Here, we investigated the role of the [560–608] disulfide bond on the phlorizin-binding function of the C-terminal loop 13 of SGLT1 using 3-iodoacetamidophlorizin (3-IAP) as a probe. The reactivity of 3-IAP to the fully reduced loop 13 was competitively inhibited by phlorizin, as evident from the MALDI mass spectra. It indicates that the disulfide bond is not mandatory for phlorizin binding. CD and equilibrium unfolding studies showed that the secondary structure and conformation stability of loop 13 were not affected by removing the disulfide bond. Furthermore, we generated a series of loop 13 mutants to assess the contribution of the disulfide bond to phlorizin binding. A positive correlation between the stability and phlorizin affinity of the mutant proteins was observed, implying that the protein stability, rather than the disulfide bond, is relevant to the phlorizin-binding function of loop 13. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INSULIN synthesis -- Inhibitors
KW  - GLUCOSE
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - REACTIVITY (Chemistry)
KW  - Conformational change
KW  - Disulfide bond
KW  - Phlorizin
KW  - SGLT1
KW  - Stability
KW  - Sulfhydryl-modification
N1  - Accession Number: 12779789; Xia, Xiaobing 1,2; Email Address: xb_xia2001@yahoo.com Lin, Chiann-Tso 2,3 Wang, Gang 1 Fang, Hongqing 4; Affiliation:  1: Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 10039, PR China  2: Max Planck Institute for Molecular Physiology, Dortmund 44227, Germany  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, PR China; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 425 Issue 1, p58; Subject Term: INSULIN synthesis -- Inhibitors; Subject Term: GLUCOSE; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: REACTIVITY (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Conformational change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disulfide bond; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phlorizin; Author-Supplied Keyword: SGLT1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfhydryl-modification; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.abb.2004.02.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abbasi, R.
AU  - Abu-Zayyad, T.
AU  - Amann, J.F.
AU  - Archbold, G.
AU  - Bellido, J.A.
AU  - Belov, K.
AU  - Belz, J.W.
AU  - Bergman, D.R.
AU  - Cao, Z.
AU  - Clay, R.W.
AU  - Connolly, B.
AU  - Cooper, M.D.
AU  - Dawson, B.R.
AU  - Finley, C.
AU  - Hanlon, W.F.
AU  - Hoffman, C.M.
AU  - Holzscheiter, M.H.
AU  - Hüntemeyer, P.
AU  - Jui, C.C.H.
AU  - Kim, K.
T1  - Search for global dipole enhancements in the HiRes-I monocular data above 1018.5 eV
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 09276505
AB  - Several proposed source models for ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) consist of dipole distributions oriented towards major astrophysical landmarks such as the galactic center, M87, or Centaurus A. We use a comparison between real data and simulated data to show that the HiRes-I monocular data for energies above 1018.5 eV is, in fact, consistent with an isotropic source model. We then explore methods to quantify our sensitivity to dipole source models oriented towards the Galactic Center, M87, and Centaurus A. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - MONOCULARS
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Centaurus A
KW  - Cosmic rays
KW  - Dipole
KW  - Galactic center
KW  - M87
N1  - Accession Number: 12898850; Abbasi, R. 1 Abu-Zayyad, T. 1 Amann, J.F. 2 Archbold, G. 1 Bellido, J.A. 3 Belov, K. 1 Belz, J.W. 4 Bergman, D.R. 5 Cao, Z. 1 Clay, R.W. 3 Connolly, B. 6 Cooper, M.D. 2 Dawson, B.R. 3 Finley, C. 6 Hanlon, W.F. 1 Hoffman, C.M. 2 Holzscheiter, M.H. 2 Hüntemeyer, P. 1 Jui, C.C.H. 1 Kim, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and High Energy Astrophysics Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers––The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA  6: Department of Physics and Nevis Laboratory, Columbia University, Irvington, NY 10533, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p111; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: MONOCULARS; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Centaurus A; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmic rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galactic center; Author-Supplied Keyword: M87; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.11.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlattl, H.
AU  - Heger, A.
AU  - Oberhummer, H.
AU  - Rauscher, T.
AU  - Csótó, A.
T1  - Sensitivity of the C and O production on the 3α rate.
JO  - Astrophysics & Space Science
JF  - Astrophysics & Space Science
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 291
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 56
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0004640X
AB  - We investigate the dependence of the carbon and oxygen production in stars on the 3α rate by varying the energy of the 0+2-state of 12C and determine the resulting yields for a selection of low-mass, intermediate-mass and massive stars. The yields are obtained using modern stellar evolution codes that follow the entire evolution of massive stars, including the supernova explosion, and consider in detail the 3rd dredge-up process during the thermally pulsating asymptotic giant branch of low-mass and intermediate-mass stars. Our results show that the C and O production in massive stars depends strongly on the initial mass, and that it is crucial to follow the entire evolution. A rather strong C production during the He-shell flashes compared to quiescent He burning leads to a lower sensitivity of the C and O production in low-mass and intermediate-mass stars on the 3α-rate than predicted in our previous work. In particular, the C production of intermediate-mass stars seems to have a maximum close to the actual value of the 0+2 energy level of 12C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Astrophysics & Space Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLAR evolution
KW  - CARBON
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - ENERGY level densities
KW  - abundances
KW  - evolution
KW  - interiors
KW  - late-type
KW  - stars
KW  - stars: abundances
N1  - Accession Number: 16764128; Schlattl, H. 1; Email Address: hs@astro.livjm.ac.uk Heger, A. 2,3 Oberhummer, H. 4 Rauscher, T. 5 Csótó, A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, UK  2: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA  3: Theoretical Astrophysics Division, T-6, MS B227, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Atominstitut of the Austrian Universities, Technische Universität Wien, Austria  5: Departement für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland  6: Department of Atomic Physics, Eötvouml;s University, Budapest, Hungary; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 291 Issue 1, p27; Subject Term: STELLAR evolution; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: ENERGY level densities; Author-Supplied Keyword: abundances; Author-Supplied Keyword: evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: interiors; Author-Supplied Keyword: late-type; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: abundances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
AU  - Amos, Wade
T1  - RENEWABLE HYDROGEN  FROM GREEN ALGAE.
JO  - BioCycle
JF  - BioCycle
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 62
PB  - JG Press, Inc.
SN  - 02765055
AB  - Presents on the discovery of a psychological way to manipulate algal cultures to photoproduce hydrogen without the need to continuously remove oxygen by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Economic potential of the hydrogen-producing system; Identification of the key factors as being the major costdrivers of the system; Result of the absence of carbon dioxide fixation by hydrogen-producing cultures.
KW  - Research
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Discoveries in science
KW  - Creative ability in science
KW  - Universities & colleges
KW  - California
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13162871; Ghirardi, Maria L. 1; Amos, Wade 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 5, p59; Thesaurus Term: Research; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen; Subject Term: Discoveries in science; Subject Term: Creative ability in science; Subject Term: Universities & colleges; Subject: California; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leenheer, Jerry A.
AU  - Noyes, Ted I.
AU  - Rostad, Colleen E.
AU  - Davisson, M. Lee
T1  - Characterization and origin of polar dissolved organic matter from the Great Salt Lake.
JO  - Biogeochemistry
JF  - Biogeochemistry
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 69
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 141
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01682563
AB  - Polar dissolved organic matter (DOM) was isolated from a surface-water sample from the Great Salt Lake by separating it from colloidal organic matter by membrane dialysis, from less-polar DOM fractions by resin sorbents, and from inorganic salts by a combination of sodium cation exchange followed by precipitation of sodium salts by acetic acid during evaporative concentration. Polar DOM was the most abundant DOM fraction, accounting for 56% of the isolated DOM. Colloidal organic matter was 14C-age dated to be about 100% modern carbon and all of the DOM fractions were 14C-age dated to be between 94 and 95% modern carbon. Average structural models of each DOM fraction were derived that incorporated quantitative elemental and infrared, 13C-NMR, and electrospray/mass spectrometric data. The polar DOM model consisted of open-chain N-acetyl hydroxy carboxylic acids likely derived from N-acetyl heteropolysaccharides that constituted the colloidal organic matter. The less polar DOM fraction models consisted of aliphatic alicyclic ring structures substituted with carboxyl, hydroxyl, ether, ester, and methyl groups. These ring structures had characteristics similar to terpenoid precursors. All DOM fractions in the Great Salt Lake are derived from algae and bacteria that dominate DOM inputs in this lake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biogeochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Seawater -- Organic compound content
KW  - Sodium salts
KW  - Salts
KW  - Acetic acid
KW  - Great Salt Lake (Utah)
KW  - Utah
KW  - Algae
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Dissolved organic carbon
KW  - Dissolved organic matter
KW  - Salt water
N1  - Accession Number: 15099903; Leenheer, Jerry A. 1; Email Address: leenheer@usgs.gov; Noyes, Ted I. 1; Rostad, Colleen E. 1; Davisson, M. Lee 2; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Geological Survey, P.O. Box 25046, MS 408, Bldg, 95, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA; 2: Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 L-231, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 69 Issue 1, p125; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Seawater -- Organic compound content; Thesaurus Term: Sodium salts; Thesaurus Term: Salts; Thesaurus Term: Acetic acid; Subject: Great Salt Lake (Utah); Subject: Utah; Author-Supplied Keyword: Algae; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissolved organic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissolved organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salt water; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Kinney, J.H.
AU  - Stölken, J.S.
T1  - Response to Keaveny
JO  - BONE
JF  - BONE
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Letter
SP  - 913
SN  - 87563282
N1  - Accession Number: 12989782; Kinney, J.H.; Email Address: jhkinney@llnl.gov Stölken, J.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p913; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1016/j.bone.2004.01.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Darrell  Fisher
AU  - Didier  Rajon
AU  - Hazel  Breitz
AU  - Michael  Goris
AU  - Wesley  Bolch
AU  - Susan  Knox
T1  - Dosimetry Model for Radioactivity Localized to Intestinal Mucosa.
JO  - Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals
JF  - Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals
Y1  - 2004/05//5/01/2004
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 307
SN  - 10849785
AB  - Background: This paper provides a new model for calculating radiation-absorbed doses to the full thickness of the small and large intestinal walls, and to the mucosal layers. The model was used to estimate the intestinal radiation doses from yttrium-90-labeled-DOTA-biotin binding to NR-LU-10-streptavidin in patients. Methods: We selected model parameters from published data and observations, and used the model to calculate energy-absorbed fractions using the EGS4 radiation transport code. We determined the cumulated 90Y activity in the small and large intestines of patients from gamma camera images, and calculated absorbed doses to the mucosal layer and to the whole intestinal wall. Results: The mean absorbed dose to the wall of the small intestine was 16.2 mGy/MBq (60 cGy/mCi) administered from 90Y localized in the mucosa, and 70 mGy/MBq (260 cGy/mCi) to the mucosal layer within the wall. Doses to the large intestinal wall and to the mucosa of the large intestine were lower than those for the small intestine by a factor of about 2.5. These doses are greater by factors of about 5 to 6 than those that would have been calculated using the standard MIRD models that assume the intestinal activity is in the bowel contents. Conclusions: The specific uptake of radiopharmaceuticals in mucosal tissues may lead to doserelated intestinal toxicities. Tissue dosimetry at the sub-organ level is useful for a better understanding of intestinal tract radiotoxicity and associated dose-response relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - INTESTINAL mucosa
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - BIOTIN
N1  - Accession Number: 20157978; Darrell  Fisher 1 Didier  Rajon 2 Hazel  Breitz 3 Michael  Goris 4 Wesley  Bolch 2 Susan  Knox 4; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA  2: University of Florida, Gainesville, FL  3: NeoRx Corporation, Seattle, WA  4: Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA; Source Info: 5/01/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p293; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: INTESTINAL mucosa; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: BIOTIN; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Epling, William S.
AU  - Campbell, Larry E.
AU  - Yezerets, Aleksey
AU  - Currier, Neal W.
AU  - Parks II, James E.
T1  - Overview of the Fundamental Reactions and Degradation Mechanisms of NOx Storage/Reduction Catalysts.
JO  - Catalysis Reviews: Science & Engineering
JF  - Catalysis Reviews: Science & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 245
SN  - 01614940
AB  - Over the last several years, nitrogen oxide(s)(NOx) storage/reduction(NSR) catalysts, also referred to as NOx adsorbers or lean NOx traps, have been developed as an aftertreatment technology to reduce NOx emissions from lean-burn power sources. NSR operation is cyclic: during the lean part of the cycle, NOx are trapped on the catalyst; intermittent rich excursions are used to reduce the NOx to N2 and restore the original catalyst surface; and lean operation then resumes. This review will describe the work carried out in characterizing, developing, and understanding this catalyst technology for application in mobile exhaust-gas aftertreatment. The discussion will first encompass the reaction process fundamentals, which include five general steps involved in NOx reduction to N2 on NSR catalysts; NO oxidation, NO2 and NO sorption leading to nitrite and nitrate species, reductant evolution, NOx release, and finally NOx reduction to N2. Major unresolved issues and questions are listed at the end of each of the reaction process fundamental sections. Degradation mechanisms and their effects on NSR catalyst performance are also described in relation to these generalized reactions. Since at this stage it does not appear possible to arrive at a complete and consistent mechanistic model describing the broad, existing experimental phenomenology for these processes, this review is primarily focused on summarizing and evaluating literature data and reconciling the many differences presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Reviews: Science & Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - Catalyst.
KW  - Emissions
KW  - NO oxidation
KW  - NOx release
KW  - NOx storage
KW  - NOx storage/reduction catalysts
N1  - Accession Number: 14897997; Epling, William S. 1; Email Address: bill.epling@cummins.com Campbell, Larry E. 1 Yezerets, Aleksey 2 Currier, Neal W. 2 Parks II, James E. 3; Affiliation:  1: EmeraChem and Advanced Catalyst Systems, Maryville, Tennessee, USA.  2: Cummins, Inc., Columbus, Indiana, USA.  3: National Transportation Research Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p163; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalyst.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: NO oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx release; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx storage/reduction catalysts; Number of Pages: 83p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/CR-200031932
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feibelman, Peter J.
T1  - What the stretch frequency spectrum of D2O/Ru(0 0 0 1) does and does not mean
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 389
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Based on O–D stretch frequencies, Denzler et al., reject partial dissociation of D2O molecules as the explanation of the measured structure of <f>√ of <RCD>3</RCD></rad>×<rad><RCD>3</RCD>×√ of <RCD>3</RCD></f> – D2O/Ru(0 0 0 1). But it is largely the O–O distance that determines the O–D stretch frequency in an O–D<f>⋯</f>O bond of an H-bonded network. Thus, a D2O adlayer''s stretch spectrum reflects its O–O distances, not its proportion of intact vs. dissociated molecules. This idea suggests that deuteron disorder in the heavy-water adlayer is the key to understanding its broad O–D stretch spectrum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - FREQUENCY spectra
KW  - DEUTERON reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 12838464; Feibelman, Peter J. 1; Email Address: pjfeibe@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Surface and Interface Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 1415, Albuquerque NM 87185-1415, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 389 Issue 1-3, p92; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FREQUENCY spectra; Subject Term: DEUTERON reactions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.03.065
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeremy  Fried
AU  - Margaret  Torn
AU  - Evan  Mills
T1  - The Impact of Climate Change on Wildfire Severity: A Regional Forecast for Northern California.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 191
SN  - 01650009
AB  - We estimated the impact of climatic change on wildland fire and suppression effectiveness in northern California by linking general circulation model output to local weather and fire records and projecting fire outcomes with an initial-attack suppression model. The warmer and windier conditions corresponding to a 2 × CO2 climate scenario produced fires that burned more intensely and spread faster in most locations. Despite enhancement of fire suppression efforts, the number of escaped fires (those exceeding initial containment limits) increased 51% in the south San Francisco Bay area, 125% in the Sierra Nevada, and did not change on the north coast. Changes in area burned by contained fires were 41%, 41% and –8%, respectively. When interpolated to most of northern California's wildlands, these results translate to an average annual increase of 114 escapes (a doubling of the current frequency) and an additional 5,000 hectares (a 50% increase) burned by contained fires. On average, the fire return intervals in grass and brush vegetation types were cut in half. The estimates reported represent a minimum expected change, or best-case forecast. In addition to the increased suppression costs and economic damages, changes in fire severity of this magnitude would have widespread impacts on vegetation distribution, forest condition, and carbon storage, and greatly increase the risk to property, natural resources and human life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - WILDFIRES
KW  - WILDERNESS areas
KW  - CALIFORNIA
N1  - Accession Number: 19957229; Jeremy  Fried 1 Margaret  Torn 2 Evan  Mills 3; Affiliation:  1: PNW Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Program USDA Forest Service P.O. Box 3890 Portland OR 97208 U.S.A. P.O. Box 3890 Portland OR 97208 U.S.A.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Earth Sciences Division One Cyclotron Road MS 90-1116 Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A. One Cyclotron Road MS 90-1116 Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A.  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Environmental Energy Technologies Division One Cyclotron Road MS 90-4000 Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A. One Cyclotron Road MS 90-4000 Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 64 Issue 1/2, p169; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: WILDFIRES; Subject Term: WILDERNESS areas; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 712190 Nature Parks and Other Similar Institutions; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Franco, A. A.
AU  - Kaufman, P. D.
T1  - Histone Deposition Proteins: Links between the DNA Replication Machinery and Epigenetic Gene Silencing.
JO  - Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
JF  - Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 69
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 208
SN  - 00917451
AB  - Presents information on a study about molecular mechanisms of histone deposition that was presented at the 69th Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology in the U.S. in 2004.  Importance of chromatin to genomic DNA; Background on the basic components of eukaryotic DNA replication; Ways to facilitate the extensive functional overlap between replication-coupled and replication-independent histone deposition in yeast.
KW  - HISTONES
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - CHROMATIN
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - DNA
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - YEAST
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 17707895; Franco, A. A. 1 Kaufman, P. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 69, p201; Subject Term: HISTONES; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: DNA replication; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Shiling
AU  - Hewson, John C.
AU  - Chen, Jacqueline H.
AU  - Pitsch, Heinz
T1  - Effects of strain rate on high-pressure nonpremixed <f>n</f>-heptane autoignition in counterflow
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 137
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 320
SN  - 00102180
AB  - The effect of steady strain on the transient autoignition of <f>n</f>-heptane at high pressures is studied numerically with detailed chemistry and transport in a counterflow configuration. Skeletal and reduced <f>n</f>-heptane mechanisms are developed and validated against experiments over a range of pressure and stoichiometries. Two configurations are investigated using the skeletal mechanism. First, the effect of strain rate on multistage <f>n</f>-heptane ignition is studied by imposing a uniform temperature for both the fuel and the oxidizer streams. Second, a temperature gradient between the fuel and the oxidizer streams is imposed. The global effect of strain on ignition is captured by a Damko¨hler number based on either the heat-release rate or the characteristic chain-branching rate. Results show that for low to moderate strain rates, both the low- and intermediate-temperature chemistries evolve in a manner comparable to that in homogeneous systems, including the negative temperature coefficient regime, but with somewhat slower evolution attributable to diffusive losses. At high strain rates diffusive losses inhibit ignition; for two-stage ignition, it is found that ignition is inhibited during the second, intermediate-temperature stage. The imposition of an overall temperature gradient further inhibits ignition because reaction zones for key branching reactions with large activation energies are narrowed. For a fixed oxidizer stream temperature that is not sufficiently high, a higher fuel temperature results in a shorter ignition delay provided that the heptyl radicals are mainly oxidized by low-temperature chemistry. As expected, an increase in pressure significantly increases reaction rates and reduces ignition delay time. However, with increasing pressure there is a shift toward single-stage low-temperature-dominated ignition which serves to delay ignition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEPTANE
KW  - STRAIN theory (Chemistry)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - FUEL
KW  - <f>n</f>-Heptane
KW  - Autoignition
KW  - Counterflow
KW  - Nonpremixed
KW  - Strain effect
N1  - Accession Number: 12838704; Liu, Shiling 1; Email Address: sliu@sandia.gov Hewson, John C. 1 Chen, Jacqueline H. 1 Pitsch, Heinz 2; Affiliation:  1: Reacting Flow Research Department, Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9051, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  2: Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-3030, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 137 Issue 3, p320; Subject Term: HEPTANE; Subject Term: STRAIN theory (Chemistry); Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: FUEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>n</f>-Heptane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autoignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Counterflow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonpremixed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.01.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12838704&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phan, A. -V.
AU  - Gray, L. J.
AU  - Kaplan, T.
T1  - On the residue calculus evaluation of the 3-D anisotropic elastic green's function.
JO  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
JF  - Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 341
SN  - 10698299
AB  - An algorithm based upon the residue calculus for computing three-dimensional anisotropic elastic Green's function and its derivatives has been presented in Sales and Gray (Comput. Structures 1998; 69:247–254). It has been shown that the algorithm runs three to four times faster than the standard Wilson–Cruse interpolation scheme. However, the main concern of the Sales–Gray algorithm is its numerical instability that could lead to significant errors due to the existence of multiple poles of the residue. This paper proposes a remedy for the problem by adding the capability to evaluate the Green's function in case of multiple poles of the residue. Further, an improved numerical implementation based on the use of double-subscript-notation elastic constants in determining the Christoffel tensor is also at issue. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN'S functions
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - anisotropic elasticity
KW  - boundary element analysis
KW  - Green's function
KW  - residue calculus
N1  - Accession Number: 13440560; Phan, A. -V. 1; Email Address: vphan@jaguar1.usouthal.edu Gray, L. J. 2 Kaplan, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688-0002, U.S.A.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367, U.S.A.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p335; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: anisotropic elasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: boundary element analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green's function; Author-Supplied Keyword: residue calculus; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/cnm.675
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fletcher, C. F.
AU  - Arshad, M. A.
AU  - Izaurralde, R. C.
AU  - McGill, W. B.
T1  - Spatial Variability of Nutrient Requirements in Fields of the South Peace River Region, Alberta.
JO  - Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis
JF  - Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 903
EP  - 919
SN  - 00103624
AB  - Site-specific fertilizer application is pertinent only if there is a significant sub-field variability in nutrient requirements. The variability in soil test recommendations for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) was measured, along transects across three fields in the South Peace River region of Alberta. Depending on the field and intended crop, site-specific fertilizer application would: (1) increase fertilizer inputs by 4–10 kg ha−1, (2) reduce fertilizer inputs by 5–30 kg ha−1, or (3) redistribute the same amount of fertilizer required for uniform application, differently among nutrients and across the field. Fields with extreme topography are more likely to benefit from site-specific fertilizer application, however, slope position alone would be inadequate to stratify fields for this purpose. Requirements for K were the most sensitive to sub-field variability, followed by those for S, P, and N. Producers in the region may not consider site-specific application because grid sampling may be too costly. Quick and economical ways to determine site-specific fertilizer requirements are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUTRITION -- Requirements
KW  - FERTILIZER requirements
KW  - SPATIAL variation
KW  - PRECISION farming
KW  - ALBERTA
KW  - CANADA
KW  - Northern Alberta
KW  - Nutrient requirements
KW  - Site-specific fertilizer practices
KW  - Spatial variability
N1  - Accession Number: 12773312; Fletcher, C. F. 1 Arshad, M. A. 1; Email Address: arshadc@agr.gc.ca. Izaurralde, R. C. 2 McGill, W. B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Beaverlodge,Canada  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,Washington, District of Columbia,USA  3: University of Northern British Columbia,Prince George,Canada; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 35 Issue 7/8, p903; Subject Term: NUTRITION -- Requirements; Subject Term: FERTILIZER requirements; Subject Term: SPATIAL variation; Subject Term: PRECISION farming; Subject Term: ALBERTA; Subject Term: CANADA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Northern Alberta; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nutrient requirements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site-specific fertilizer practices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial variability; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 10 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/CSS-120030563
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Colgate, Stirling A.
AU  - Li, Hui
T1  - Acceleration mechanisms 2: force-free reconnection
T2  - Mécanismes d'accélération 2 : reconnexion de champs sans force
JO  - Comptes Rendus Physique
JF  - Comptes Rendus Physique
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 440
SN  - 16310705
AB  - We suggest an unconventional view of the origin of most cosmic rays (CRs) in the universe. We propose that nearly every accelerated CR was part of the parallel current that maintains all force-free (f-f) magnetic fields. Charged particles are accelerated by the electric field <f>Eǁ</f> produced by reconnection parallel to the magnetic field <f>B</f>. The inferred total energy in extragalactic cosmic rays is <f>∼ 1060</f> ergs per galaxy spacing volume, provided that the assumed acceleration mechanisms do not preferentially only accelerate ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). This total energy is quite large, about <f>105</f> times the parent galactic CR or magnetic energy. We argue that the formation energy of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at galaxy centers, <f>∼ 1062</f> ergs, becomes the only feasible source. We propose an efficient dynamo process which converts gravitational free energy into magnetic energy in an accretion disk around a SMBH. Aided by Keplerian winding, this dynamo converts a poloidal seed field into f-f fields, which are transported into the general intergalactic medium (IGM) eventually. This magnetic energy must also have been efficiently converted into particle energies, as evidenced by the radiation from energetic particles. In this view CRs of the IGM are the result of the continuing dissipation, in a Hubble time, of this free energy, by acceleration in situ within the f-f fields confined within the super-galactic walls and filaments of large scale structures. In addition, UHECRs are diffusively lost to the galactic voids at time scales below the GZK attenuation time, <f>∼ 108</f> years. Similarly, within the galaxy we expect that the winding by the disk rotation of the galaxy, by the rotation energy of magnetized neutron stars, and by the Keplerian winding of star formation disks are efficient sources of f-f magnetic field energy and hence the sources of galactic CR acceleration. To cite this article: S.A. Colgate, H. Li, C. R. Physique 5 (2004). (English) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Nous proposons une vision non conventionnelle de l'origine de la plupart des rayons cosmiques dans l'univers. Notre ide´e est que pratiquement tout rayon cosmique ayant subi une acce´le´ration est issu du courant paralle&grave;le qui entretient tout champ magne´tique sans force (force-free, f-f). Les particules charge´es sont acce´le´re´es par le champ e´lectrique <f>E&par;</f> produit par la reconnexion paralle&grave;le au champ magne´tique <f>B</f>. L'e´nergie totale qui en re´sulte pour les rayons cosmiques extra-galactiques est <f>∼ 1060</f> ergs par volume moyen extra-galactique correspondant a&grave; une galaxie. Cette e´nergie totale est assez importante. Elle est environ <f>105</f> fois plus e´leve´e que l'e´nergie transporte´e par les rayons cosmiques ou l'e´nergie magne´tique dans la galaxie me&grave;re. Nous proposons comme seule source cre´dible d'e´nergie celle de formation de trous noirs super-massifs, <f>∼ 1062</f> ergs, au centre de galaxies. Nous pre´sentons un me´canisme de dynamo efficace qui transforme l'e´nergie libre gravitationnelle en e´nergie magne´tique dans le disque d'accre´tion d'un trou noir. Graˆce a&grave; l'enroulement keplerien, cette dynamo transforme un champ-germe poloidal en champs f-f (sans force), qui en fin de compte sont transporte´s vers le milieu inter-galactique. Cette e´nergie magne´tique doit e´galement eˆtre convertie en e´nergie cine´tique avec un bon rendement, comme tendrait a&grave; le prouver le rayonnement e´mis par les particules e´nerge´tiques. Vus sous cet angle, les rayons cosmiques des milieux inter-galactiques re´sultent de la dissipation continue de cette e´nergie libre dans le temps de Hubble. Cette e´nergie sert a&grave; leur acce´le´ration in situ par les champs f-f confine´s aux parois super-galactiques et aux filaments des structures a&grave; grande e´chelle. De plus, les rayons cosmiques d'e´nergies extreˆmes disparaissent par diffusion a&grave; des e´chelles de temps infe´rieures a&grave; celles de l'atte´nuation par le me´canisme GZK, a&grave; savoir <f>∼ 108</f> anne´es. De meˆme, nous pensons que l'acce´le´ration des rayons cosmiques galactiques peut eˆtre due a&grave; des me´canismes puissants tels que l'enroulement du champ par l'e´nergie de rotation du disque galactique ou des e´toiles a&grave; neutrons magne´tise´es, ou l'enroulement keplerien des disques de formation stellaires. Pour citer cet article : S.A. Colgate, H. Li, C. R. Physique 5 (2004). (French) [Copyright 2004 Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Comptes Rendus Physique is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - COSMIC magnetic fields
KW  - SUPERMASSIVE black holes
KW  - Acceleration mechanisms
KW  - Force-free reconnection
KW  - UHE cosmic rays
KW  - Mécanismes d'accélération
KW  - Rayons cosmiques d'énergies extrêmes
KW  - Reconnexion de champs sans force
N1  - Accession Number: 13236344; Colgate, Stirling A. 1; Email Address: colgate@lanl.gov Li, Hui 1; Email Address: hli@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: MS 227, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p431; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: COSMIC magnetic fields; Subject Term: SUPERMASSIVE black holes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acceleration mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Force-free reconnection; Author-Supplied Keyword: UHE cosmic rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mécanismes d'accélération; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayons cosmiques d'énergies extrêmes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reconnexion de champs sans force; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.crhy.2004.04.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gurtubay, I.G.
AU  - Ku, Wei
AU  - Pitarke, J.M.
AU  - Eguiluz, A.G.
T1  - Effects of the crystal structure in the dynamical electron density-response of hcp transition metals
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 30
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
SN  - 09270256
AB  - We present an all-electron study of the dynamical density-response function of hexagonal close-packed transition metals Sc and Ti. We elucidate various aspects of the interplay between the crystal structure and the electron dynamics by investigating the loss function, and the associated dielectric function, for wave vector transfers perpendicular and parallel to the hexagonal plane. As expected, but contrary to recent work, we find that the free-electron-like aspects of the dynamical response are rather isotropic for small wave vectors. The crystal local-field effects are found to have an impact on the plasmon energy for small wave vectors, which gives rise to an interplay with the exchange–correlation effects built into the many-body kernel. The loss function lineshape shows a significant dependence on propagation direction; in particular, for propagation on the hexagonal plane the plasmon hybridizes substantially with fine structure due to <f>d</f>-electron transitions, and its dispersion curve becomes difficult to establish, beyond the small wave vector limit. The response is calculated in the framework of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), based on a full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave (LAPW) ground state, in which the exchange–correlation effects are treated in the local-density approximation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12839240; Gurtubay, I.G. 1; Email Address: wmbgagui@lg.ehu.es Ku, Wei 2 Pitarke, J.M. 1,3 Eguiluz, A.G. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Materia Kondentsatuaren Fisika Saila, Zientzi Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 644 Posta kutxatila, 48080 Bilbo, Basque Country, Spain  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8677, USA  3: Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) and Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia, Basque Country, Spain  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA  5: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-1200, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 30 Issue 1/2, p104; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.commatsci.2004.01.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyman, J.M.
T1  - The convergence of mimetic discretization for rough grids
JO  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
JF  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 47
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1565
EP  - 1610
SN  - 08981221
AB  - Abstract: We prove that the mimetic finite-difference discretizations of Laplace''s equation converges on rough logically-rectangular grids with convex cells. Mimetic discretizations for the invariant operators'' divergence, gradient, and curl satisfy exact discrete analogs of many of the important theorems of vector calculus. The mimetic discretization of the Laplacian is given by the composition of the discrete divergence and gradient. We first construct a mimetic discretization on a single cell by geometrically constructing inner products for discrete scalar and vector fields, then constructing a finite-volume discrete divergence, and then constructing a discrete gradient that is consistent with the discrete divergence theorem. This construction is then extended to the global grid. We demonstrate the convergence for the two-dimensional Laplace equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions on grids with a lower bound on the angles in the cell corners and an upper bound on the cell aspect ratios. The best convergence rate to be expected is first order, which is what we prove. The techniques developed apply to far more general initial boundary-value problems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Mathematics with Applications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HARMONIC functions (Mathematics)
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - Convergence
KW  - Finite-volume method
KW  - Mimetic discretization
N1  - Accession Number: 15446950; Hyman, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory T-7, MS-B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 47 Issue 10/11, p1565; Subject Term: HARMONIC functions (Mathematics); Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite-volume method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mimetic discretization; Number of Pages: 46p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.camwa.2004.06.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15446950&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Wayne M.
AU  - Burrell, Anthony K.
AU  - Officer, David L.
AU  - Jolley, Kenneth W.
T1  - Porphyrins as light harvesters in the dye-sensitised TiO2 solar cell
JO  - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
JF  - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 248
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 817
SN  - 00108545
AB  - The sensitisation of TiO2 with a wide variety of inorganic and organic dyes for light harvesting has been investigated over the last 20 years for the development of efficient solar cells. Given their efficacy in photosynthesis, porphyrin dyes have great potential in this regard. A significant number of porphyrins have been evaluated in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs), but little is known about the structural and electronic features required for efficient porphyrin light harvesting on semiconductors (SCs). One of the most appealing aspects of the use of porphyrins as dyes is that a wide variety of large porphyrin arrays can now be synthesised. The attachment of such arrays (or light harvesting antennae) to SCs such as TiO2 provides the potential to dramatically increase the dye surface coverage of the SC, and therefore the dye-sensitised solar cell (DSSC) efficiency. There has been little work carried out in this area to date. Following the development of an efficient building block approach to functionalised porphyrin arrays, we have synthesised a variety of β-carboxylic substituted porphyrin monomers and multi-porphyrin arrays and evaluated their performance in the dye-sensitised TiO2 (Gra¨tzel) solar cell. The effect of porphyrin substituent, functional group position, linker conjugation, binding group and electrolyte on the porphyrin light harvesting efficiency was investigated. It was found that a β-substituted monoporphyrin carboxylic acid derivative with a conjugated linker shows significant advantage over any antennae-type of multi-porphyrin arrays. In particular, of all the porphyrins evaluated, 4-trans-2′-(2″-(5″,10″,15″,20″-tetraphenylporphyrinato zinc(II)yl)ethen-1′-yl)-1-benzoic acid gives an overall efficiency of 4.2% under AM1.5 conditions in an unoptimised Gra¨tzel cell, making it one of the most efficient porphyrin dye sensitisers synthesised to date. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Coordination Chemistry Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - DSSC
KW  - PEC
KW  - Porphyrin
KW  - Solar cell
KW  - TiO2
KW  - Titanium dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 13589812; Campbell, Wayne M. 1 Burrell, Anthony K. 2 Officer, David L. 1; Email Address: d.officer@massey.ac.nz Jolley, Kenneth W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nanomaterials Research Centre and The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand  2: Actinide, Catalysis and Separations Chemistry, C-SIC, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 248 Issue 9/10, p817; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porphyrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: TiO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.01.007
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DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elcock, Deborah
AU  - Klemic, Gladys A.
AU  - Taboas, Anibal L.
T1  - Establishing Remediation Levels in Response to a Radiological Dispersal Event (or "Dirty Bomb").
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2505
EP  - 2512
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The detonation of a radiological dispersal device (ADD) could produce significant social and economic damage, the extent of which would depend largely on how quickly and effectively cleanup levels were established and on public acceptance of those levels. This paper shows that current radiological cleanup laws and regulations, models for converting dose or risk goals to cleanup concentrations, and existing site-specific criteria were not designed specifically for ROD cleanups but, absent changes, would apply by default The goals and approaches of these legal and methodological structures often conflict; using them in response to terrorism could undermine public confidence, cause delays, and produce unnecessary costs or unacceptable cleanups. ROD cleanups would involve immediate priorities not envisioned in the existing radiological cleanup framework, such as balancing radiation risks with the health, economic, and other societal impacts associated with access to the infrastructure necessary to sustain society (e.g., hospitals, bridges, utilities). To minimize the achievement of terrorism goals, the elements of an ROD cleanup response-including updating existing legal/regulatory structures to clarify federal authority, goals, and methods for developing ROD cleanup criteria-must be in place soon; given the complexity of the issues and the potential societal impact, this effort should be expedited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental remediation
KW  - Cleanup of radioactive waste sites
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Dirty bombs
KW  - Terrorism
N1  - Accession Number: 13111155; Elcock, Deborah 1; Email Address: elcock@anl.gov.; Klemic, Gladys A. 2; Taboas, Anibal L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Assessment Division, 955 L'Enfant Plaza, SW, Suite 6000, Washington, D.C. 20024; 2: Environmental Measurements Laboratory, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 201 Varick Street, 5th Floor, New York, New York 10014; 3: U.S. Department of Energy, Chicago Operations Office, 9800 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 9, p2505; Thesaurus Term: Environmental remediation; Thesaurus Term: Cleanup of radioactive waste sites; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Subject Term: Dirty bombs; Subject Term: Terrorism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Messina, P.
T1  - Challenges of the LHC: the computing challenge.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 75
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Discusses the computing needs of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Endorsement of the Models of Networked Analysis at Regional Centers (MONARC) approach; Reduction of the need for repeated transfer of data from a central site to each user site; Adoption of a multi-tier hierarchical model similar to that developed by the MONARC project.
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - SUPERCOLLIDERS
KW  - HADRON facilities
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15179794; Messina, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: MCS Division Bldg. 221,, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South cass Avenue, IL 60439, Argonne, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p67; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: SUPERCOLLIDERS; Subject Term: HADRON facilities; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2004-01769-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Höll, A.
AU  - Redmer, R.
AU  - Röpke, G.
AU  - Reinholz, H.
T1  - X-ray Thomson scattering in warm dense matter.
JO  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
JF  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 162
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346060
AB  - The scattering of photons in plasmas is an important diagnostic tool. Especially, the region of warm dense matter can be probed by X-ray Thomson scattering. The scattering cross-section is related to the dynamic structure factor S(k, ω). We improve the standard treatment of the scattering on free electrons within the random phase approximation (RPA) by including collisions. The dielectric function is calculated in the Born-Mermin approximation. The inclusion of collisions modifies the dynamic structure factor significantly in the warm dense matter regime. We conclude that a theoretical description beyond the RPA is needed to derive reliable results for plasma parameters from X-ray Thomson scattering experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16708809; Höll, A. 1; Email Address: hoell@phy.anl.gov Redmer, R. 2; Email Address: ronald.redmer@physik.uni-rostock.de Röpke, G. 2; Email Address: gerd.roepke@physik.uni-rostock.de Reinholz, H. 3; Email Address: heidi@physics.uwa.edu.au; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Physics Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne IL 60439, USA.  2: Universität Rostock, Fachbereich Physik, 18051, Rostock, Germany.  3: University of Western Australia, Department of Physics, Nedlands, WA 6907, Australia.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p159; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjd/c2001-00059-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abedi, Mehrdad
AU  - Greer, Deborah A.
AU  - Colvin, Gerald A.
AU  - Demers, Delia A.
AU  - Dooner, Mark S.
AU  - Harpel, Jasha A.
AU  - Weier, Heinz-Ulrich
AU  - Lambert, Jean-Francois
AU  - Quesenberry, P.J.
T1  - Robust conversion of marrow cells to skeletal muscle with formation of marrow-derived muscle cell colonies: a multifactorial process
JO  - Experimental Hematology
JF  - Experimental Hematology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 426
EP  - 434
SN  - 0301472X
AB  - Objective: Murine marrow cells are capable of repopulating skeletal muscle fibers. A point of concern has been the “robustness” of such conversions. We have investigated the impact of type of cell delivery, muscle injury, nature of delivered cell, and stem cell mobilizations on marrow-to-muscle conversion.Methods: We transplanted green fluorescence protein (GFP)-transgenic marrow into irradiated C57BL/6 mice and then injured anterior tibialis muscle by cardiotoxin. One month after injury, sections were analyzed by standard and deconvolutional microscopy for expression of muscle and hematopoietic markers.Results: Irradiation was essential to conversion, although whether by injury or induction of chimerism is not clear. Cardiotoxin- and, to a lesser extent, PBS-injected muscles showed significant number of GFP+ muscle fibers, while uninjected muscles showed only rare GFP+ cells. Marrow conversion to muscle was increased by two cycles of G-CSF mobilization and to a lesser extent by G-CSF and steel or GM-CSF. Transplantation of female GFP to male C57BL/6 and GFP to ROSA26 mice showed fusion of donor cells to recipient muscle. High numbers of donor-derived muscle colonies and up to 12% GFP+ muscle cells were seen after mobilization or direct injection. These levels of donor muscle chimerism approach levels that could be clinically significant in developing strategies for the treatment of muscular dystrophies.Conclusion: In summary, the conversion of marrow to skeletal muscle cells is based on cell fusion and is critically dependent on injury. This conversion is also numerically significant and increases with mobilization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Hematology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN fluorescent protein
KW  - BONE marrow cells
KW  - PLANT products
KW  - RODENTS
N1  - Accession Number: 13115784; Abedi, Mehrdad 1; Email Address: mabedi@rwmc.org Greer, Deborah A. 1 Colvin, Gerald A. 1 Demers, Delia A. 1 Dooner, Mark S. 1 Harpel, Jasha A. 1 Weier, Heinz-Ulrich 2 Lambert, Jean-Francois 1 Quesenberry, P.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Roger Williams Medical Center, Department of Research, Providence, RI, USA  2: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif., USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p426; Subject Term: GREEN fluorescent protein; Subject Term: BONE marrow cells; Subject Term: PLANT products; Subject Term: RODENTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.exphem.2004.02.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13115784&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hwang, C.H.
AU  - Lee, C.E.
AU  - Lee, K.O.
T1  - Numerical investigation on combustion characteristics of methane in a hybrid catalytic combustor
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 83
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 987
SN  - 00162361
AB  - Combustion characteristics of a hybrid catalytic combustor, which consists of a catalyst bed and a thermal combustor section, were investigated using two-dimensional boundary layer approximations with detailed homogeneous and heterogeneous chemistries. Lean methane-air mixture was supplied to the inlet of a catalyst bed section. In order to validate our numerical analyses, the surface site density of platinum-coated monolith was estimated through the comparisons with the experimental data reported in literature. Discussed in detail were the effects of homogeneous chemistry and heterogeneous chemistry on catalytic combustion characteristics. The extensive numerical calculations performed with the selected surface site density revealed that homogeneous reactions in the monolith had little effects on the spatial distributions of temperature and CH4 conversion and the location of heterogeneous ignition, while they showed an important role to the initial reaction processes in the thermal combustor section through productions of the significant amount of intermediate species, such as OH and CO, near the catalyst bed exit. The parametric study for various operating conditions, such as equivalence ratio, temperature, velocity, entrance diameter of the monolith channel and inlet pressure, were also performed to investigate their effects on catalytic combustion. In the thermal combustor, N2O was a dominant component in emissions that are mainly formed under the reaction mechanism, N2+O(+M)→N2O(+M), in case no additional fuel is injected. Furthermore, the formations of CO and NOx emission were also characterized with controlling the amount of additional methane injection to the thermal combustor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - METHANE
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - Catalytic combustion
KW  - Catalytically stabilized combustor
KW  - Homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions
KW  - Hybrid catalytic combustor
KW  - Methane
KW  - NOx emission
N1  - Accession Number: 12376887; Hwang, C.H. 1 Lee, C.E. 1; Email Address: chelee@inha.ac.kr Lee, K.O. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 253 Yonghyun-dong, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, South Korea  2: Transportation R&D Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 83 Issue 7/8, p987; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalytic combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalytically stabilized combustor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid catalytic combustor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane; Author-Supplied Keyword: NOx emission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fuel.2003.10.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozdemir, Ekrem
AU  - Morsi, Badie I.
AU  - Schroeder, Karl
T1  - CO2 adsorption capacity of argonne premium coals
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 83
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1085
SN  - 00162361
AB  - Adsorption and desorption isotherms of CO2 on dried Argonne Premium coal samples were investigated. A small hysteresis was detected between the adsorption and desorption isotherms. The hysteresis was small or negligible for high rank coals but discernable for low rank coals. The isotherms were found to be rectilinear and to fit the conventional adsorption equations poorly. The rectilinear shape of the adsorption isotherms was related to the solubility of the CO2 in the coal and to coal swelling. Using an adsorption model that accounted for volumetric effects provided good agreement between the surface areas calculated from the high-pressure isotherms and the literature values obtained under traditional low-pressure conditions. Ignoring the volumetric effects resulted in estimated surface areas that were 40% larger for the higher-ranked coals and 60–100% larger for the lower-ranked coals. The heat of adsorption, after correcting for volumetric effects, was fairly constant (26±1 kJ/mol) regardless of rank. The adsorption capacity, average pore size, and volume effect for each of the Argonne coals were also estimated employing the same model. The model equation explicitly accounts for volumetric effects, attributable to the solubility of CO2 in the organic matrix and the coal swelling, and estimates the actual adsorbed amount. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - EDEMA
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - Isotherm
KW  - Rank
KW  - Swelling
N1  - Accession Number: 12376901; Ozdemir, Ekrem 1,2 Morsi, Badie I. 2 Schroeder, Karl 1; Email Address: karl.schroeder@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Science and Technology Division, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), US Department of Energy (DOE), P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA  2: Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 1249 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 83 Issue 7/8, p1085; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: EDEMA; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rank; Author-Supplied Keyword: Swelling; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fuel.2003.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weil, K. Scott
AU  - Coyle, Christopher A.
AU  - Hardy, John S.
AU  - Kim, Jin Y.
AU  - Xia, Guan-Guang
T1  - Alternative planar SOFC sealing concepts
JO  - Fuel Cells Bulletin
JF  - Fuel Cells Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 2004
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
SN  - 14642859
AB  - One of the challenges in manufacturing planar solid oxide fuel cells (pSOFCs) is in hermetically sealing the ceramic and metallic components such that the resulting joint remains rugged and stable over the lifetime of the stack. Traditionally, glass joining or compressive sealing has been used. While short-term success has been achieved with these techniques, it is apparent that to meet the long-term operational needs of stack designers, alternative sealing concepts will need to be conceived. At Pacific Northwest National Laboratory we have been developing two such alternatives, air brazing and bonded compliant sealing, the details of which are outlined here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel Cells Bulletin is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - JOINTS (Engineering)
KW  - BRAZING
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 12983872; Weil, K. Scott; Email Address: Scott.Weil@pnl.gov Coyle, Christopher A. 1 Hardy, John S. 1 Kim, Jin Y. 1 Xia, Guan-Guang 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 2004 Issue 5, p11; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: JOINTS (Engineering); Subject Term: BRAZING; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1464-2859(04)00188-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olivier, Michael
AU  - Wang, Xujing
AU  - Cole, Regina
AU  - Gau, Brian
AU  - Kim, Jessica
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
AU  - Pennacchio, Len A.
T1  - Haplotype analysis of the apolipoprotein gene cluster on human chromosome 11
JO  - Genomics
JF  - Genomics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 83
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 912
SN  - 08887543
AB  - Members of the apolipoprotein gene cluster (APOA1/C3/A4/A5) on human chromosome 11q23 play an important role in lipid metabolism. Polymorphisms in both APOA5 and APOC3 are strongly associated with plasma triglyceride concentrations. The close genomic locations of these two genes as well as their functional similarity have hindered efforts to define whether each gene independently influences human triglyceride concentrations. In this study, we examined the linkage disequilibrium and haplotype structure of 49 SNPs in a 150-kb region spanning the gene cluster. We identified a total of five common APOA5 haplotypes with a frequency of greater than 8% in samples of northern European origin. The APOA5 haplotype block did not extend past the 7 SNPs in the gene and was separated from the other apolipoprotein gene in the cluster by a region of significantly increased recombination. Furthermore, one previously identified triglyceride risk haplotype of APOA5 (APOA5*3) showed no association with three APOC3 SNPs previously associated with triglyceride concentrations, in contrast to the other risk haplotype (APOA5*2), which was associated with all three minor APOC3 SNP alleles. These results highlight the complex genetic relationship between APOA5 and APOC3 and support the notion that APOA5 represents an independent risk gene affecting plasma triglyceride concentrations in humans. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Genomics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - BLOOD lipoproteins
KW  - HUMAN chromosomes
KW  - LIPID metabolism
KW  - Apolipoprotein A5
KW  - Four-gamete test
KW  - Haplotype
KW  - Linkage disequilibrium
KW  - Recombination
KW  - Single nucleotide polymorphism
N1  - Accession Number: 12780010; Olivier, Michael 1; Email Address: molivier@mcw.edu Wang, Xujing 2 Cole, Regina 1 Gau, Brian 1 Kim, Jessica 1 Rubin, Edward M. 3,4 Pennacchio, Len A. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA  2: McGee Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA  3: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  4: Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 83 Issue 5, p912; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: BLOOD lipoproteins; Subject Term: HUMAN chromosomes; Subject Term: LIPID metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apolipoprotein A5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Four-gamete test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Haplotype; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linkage disequilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single nucleotide polymorphism; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.11.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bickmore, Barry R.
AU  - Tadanier, Christopher J.
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Monn, Will D.
AU  - Eggett, Dennis L.
T1  - Bond-valence methods for pKa prediction: critical reanalysis and a new approach1 <FN ID="FN1"><NO>1</NO>Associate editor: C. M. Eggleston</FN>
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 68
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2025
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Bond-valence methods for the prediction of (hydr)oxide solution monomer and surface functional group acidity constants are examined in light of molecular structures calculated using ab initio methods. A new method is presented that is based on these calculated structures, and it is shown that previously published methods have neglected one or more of four essential features of a generalized model. First, if the apparent pKa values of solution monomers are to be used to predict intrinsic pKa values of surface functional groups, similar electrostatic corrections must be applied in both cases. In surface complexation models, electrostatic corrections are applied by representing a charged surface as a uniform plane of charge density, and an analogous correction can be made to solution monomers by treating them as charged spheres. Second, it must be remembered that real surfaces and real monomers are not homogeneous planes or spheres. Rather, charge density is distributed rather unevenly, and a further electrostatic correction (which is often quite large) must be made to account for the proximity of electron density to the point of proton attachment. Third, the unsaturated valence of oxygen atoms in oxyacids, hexaquo cations, and oxide surfaces is strongly correlated with acidity after electrostatic corrections are made. However, calculation of unsaturated valence for oxyacids and oxide surfaces must be based on realistic Me&z.sbnd;O bond lengths (taking into account bond relaxation), which can be obtained from ab initio structure optimizations. Finally, unsaturated valence must be divided between possible bonds (four for oxygen atoms) to reflect the fact that O-H bonds are localized to particular regions of the O atoms.Empirical models that take all these factors into account are presented for oxyacids and hexaquo cations. These models are applied to the gibbsite (100), (010), (001), and cristobalite (100) surfaces, and it is demonstrated that the model for oxyacids predicts reasonable intrinsic pKa values for oxide surfaces. However, the prediction of surface pKa values is complex, because the protonation state of one functional group affects the pKa values of neighboring groups. Therefore, calculations of larger periodic systems, progressively protonated and reoptimized, are needed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - MONOMERS
KW  - BONDS (Finance)
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 12836500; Bickmore, Barry R. 1; Email Address: barry_bickmore@byu.edu Tadanier, Christopher J. 2 Rosso, Kevin M. 3 Monn, Will D. 1 Eggett, Dennis L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-4606, USA  2: Department of Geological Sciences and Charles E. Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8–96, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Center for Statistical Consultation and Collaborative Research, Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 68 Issue 9, p2025; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Subject Term: BONDS (Finance); Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wyndham, Timothy
AU  - McCulloch, Malcolm
AU  - Fallon, Stewart
AU  - Alibert, Chantal
T1  - High-resolution coral records of rare earth elements in coastal seawater: biogeochemical cycling and a new environmental proxy3 <FN ID="FN3"><NO>3</NO>Associate editor: T. J. Shaw</FN>
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 68
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2067
SN  - 00167037
AB  - In this study we have used laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), to produce a high resolution coral record of rare earth elements (REE), Mn and Ba from coastal Porites corals from the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. Validation of the LA-ICP-MS technique indicated that the method provides accurate and reproducible (RSD = 13–18%) analysis of low concentration REE in corals (∼1 to 100 ppb). The REE composition in coral samples was found to closely reflect that of the surrounding seawater and distribution coefficients of ∼1–2 indicated minimal fractionation of the series during incorporation into coral carbonate. To explore the idea that coral records of REE can be used to investigate dissolved seawater composition, we analyzed two coastal corals representing a total of ∼30 yr of growth, including a 10-yr overlapping period. Comparable results were obtained from the two samples, particularly in terms of elemental ratios (Nd/Yb) and the Ce anomaly. Based on this evidence and results from the determination of distribution coefficients, we suggest that useful records of seawater REE composition can be obtained from coral carbonates. When compared to the REE composition of a mid shelf coral, coastal corals showed a significant terrestrial influence, characterized by higher REE concentrations (greater than 10 times) and light REE enrichment. The REE composition of coastal seawater inferred from the coral record was dependent on seasonal factors and the influence of flood waters. REE fractionation displayed a strong seasonal cycle that correlated closely with Mn concentration. We suggest that higher Nd/Yb ratios and higher Mn concentrations in summer result from scavenging of heavy REE by particulate organic ligands and Mn reductive dissolution respectively, both processes displaying higher rates during periods of high primary productivity. The Ce anomaly also displayed a strong seasonal cycle showing an enhanced anomaly during summer and during flood events. This is consistent with the Ce anomaly being primarily controlled by the abundance of Ce oxidizing bacteria. Based on these arguments, we suggest that the coral record of dissolved REE and Mn may be regarded as a useful proxy for biological activity in coastal seawater. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROXY statements
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - LASERS
KW  - AUSTRALIA
N1  - Accession Number: 12836503; Wyndham, Timothy 1; Email Address: timothy.wyndham@anu.edu.au McCulloch, Malcolm 1 Fallon, Stewart 1,2 Alibert, Chantal 1; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia  2: Centre for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-397 700 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 68 Issue 9, p2067; Subject Term: PROXY statements; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: AUSTRALIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krot, Alexander N.
AU  - Fagan, Timothy J.
AU  - Keil, Klaus
AU  - McKeegan, Kevin D.
AU  - Sahijpal, Sandeep
AU  - Hutcheon, Ian D.
AU  - Petaev, Mikhail I.
AU  - Yurimoto, Hisayoshi
T1  - Ca,Al-rich inclusions, amoeboid olivine aggregates, and Al-rich chondrules from the unique carbonaceous chondrite Acfer 094: I. mineralogy and petrology3<FN ID="fn3"><NO>3</NO>Associate editor: M. Grady</FN>
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 68
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2167
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Based on their mineralogy and petrography, ∼200 refractory inclusions studied in the unique carbonaceous chondrite, Acfer 094, can be divided into corundum-rich (0.5%), hibonite-rich (1.1%), grossite-rich (8.5%), compact and fluffy Type A (spinel-melilite-rich, 50.3%), pyroxene-anorthite-rich (7.4%), and Type C (pyroxene-anorthite-rich with igneous textures, 1.6%) Ca,Al-rich inclusions (CAIs), pyroxene-hibonite spherules (0.5%), and amoeboid olivine aggregates (AOAs, 30.2%). Melilite in some CAIs is replaced by spinel and Al-diopside and/or by anorthite, whereas spinel-pyroxene assemblages in CAIs and AOAs appear to be replaced by anorthite. Forsterite grains in several AOAs are replaced by low-Ca pyroxene. None of the CAIs or AOAs show evidence for Fe-alkali metasomatic or aqueous alteration. The mineralogy, textures, and bulk chemistry of most Acfer 094 refractory inclusions are consistent with their origin by gas-solid condensation and may reflect continuous interaction with SiO and Mg of the cooling nebula gas. It appears that only a few CAIs experienced subsequent melting. The Al-rich chondrules (ARCs; >10 wt% bulk Al2O3) consist of forsteritic olivine and low-Ca pyroxene phenocrysts, pigeonite, augite, anorthitic plagioclase, ± spinel, FeNi-metal, and crystalline mesostasis composed of plagioclase, augite and a silica phase. Most ARCs are spherical and mineralogically uniform, but some are irregular in shape and heterogeneous in mineralogy, with distinct ferromagnesian and aluminous domains. The ferromagnesian domains tend to form chondrule mantles, and are dominated by low-Ca pyroxene and forsteritic olivine, anorthitic mesostasis, and Fe,Ni-metal nodules. The aluminous domains are dominated by anorthite, high-Ca pyroxene and spinel, occasionally with inclusions of perovskite; have no or little FeNi-metal; and tend to form cores of the heterogeneous chondrules. The cores are enriched in bulk Ca and Al, and apparently formed from melting of CAI-like precursor material that did not mix completely with adjacent ferromagnesian melt. The inferred presence of CAI-like material among precursors for Al-rich chondrules is in apparent conflict with lack of evidence for melting of CAIs that occur outside chondrules, suggesting that these CAIs were largely absent from chondrule-forming region(s) at the time of chondrule formation. This may imply that there are several populations of CAIs in Acfer 094 and that mixing of “normal” CAIs that occur outside chondrules and chondrules that accreted into the Acfer 094 parent asteroid took place after chondrule formation. Alternatively, there may have been an overlap in the CAI- and chondrule-forming regions, where the least refractory CAIs were mixed with Fe-Mg chondrule precursors. This hypothesis is difficult to reconcile with the lack of evidence of melting of AOAs which represent aggregates of the least refractory CAIs and forsterite grains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - AMOEBOID movement
N1  - Accession Number: 12836509; Krot, Alexander N. 1; Email Address: sasha@higp.hawaii.edu Fagan, Timothy J. 2 Keil, Klaus 1 McKeegan, Kevin D. 3 Sahijpal, Sandeep 4 Hutcheon, Ian D. 5 Petaev, Mikhail I. 6 Yurimoto, Hisayoshi 2; Affiliation:  1: Hawai’i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA  2: Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan  3: Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  4: Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94451, USA  6: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 68 Issue 9, p2167; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: AMOEBOID movement; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.10.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenberg, Steve
T1  - Magnetic versus Electronic Ballasts.
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Provides information on conserving energy consumed by fluorescent lamps.  Variables that affect energy conservation; List of Web sites of several organizations that provide opinion on energy conservation.
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Fluorescent lamps
KW  - Websites
KW  - Information resources
N1  - Accession Number: 13215962; Greenberg, Steve 1; Affiliations: 1: Facilities Energy Management Engineer, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p6; Thesaurus Term: Energy conservation; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Subject Term: Fluorescent lamps; Subject Term: Websites; Subject Term: Information resources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Pater, Imke
AU  - Marchis, Franck
AU  - Macintosh, Bruce A.
AU  - Roe, Henry G.
AU  - Le Mignant, David
AU  - Graham, James R.
AU  - Davies, Ashley G.
T1  - Keck AO observations of Io in and out of eclipse
JO  - ICARUS
JF  - ICARUS
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 169
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 250
SN  - 00191035
AB  - We present adaptive optics (AO) observations of Io taken with the W.M. Keck II telescope on 18 December 2001 (UT) before the satellite went into eclipse, and while it was in Jupiter''s shadow. Making these kind of Io-in-eclipse observations, as well as the associated data reduction and analysis are challenging; hence one focus of the paper is to explain the methods and tools used for these data sets. For the sunlit images Io itself was used as the wavefront reference source, while nearby Ganymede was used as reference ‘star’ when Io was in eclipse. Observations were obtained in K′-, L′-, and M-bands. The sunlit images have been deconvolved using MISTRAL. The Io-in-eclipse data were deconvolved with IDAC and MISTRAL. The former gives better results, both in absolute photometry and in matching the original images. We determined the flux densities of the hot spots from the original Io-in-eclipse data with StarFinder, as well as from the deconvolved images by integrating the intensity over the relevant areas. We determined the highly anisoplanatic PSF via a FFT method from the original data, and used this in StarFinder and as a starting PSF for IDAC and MISTRAL. We derived temperatures and areal coverage of all 19 spots detected in both K′- and L′-band images of Io-in-eclipse. We also determined temperatures and areal coverage of the hot spots visible on the L′- and M-band images of sunlit Io. Most volcanoes contain a compact hot ‘core’ (<f>&lsim;10</f> km2 at 600–800 K) within a larger area at lower temperatures (e.g., <f>∼102</f>–<f>104</f> km2 at 300–500 K). The total heat flow contributed by these active volcanoes is 0.2 W m−2, ∼8% of the average global heat flow measured at 5–20 μm by Veeder et al. [J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 17095]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICARUS is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems in astronomy
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - JUPITER (Planet)
KW  - ECLIPSES
KW  - Adaptive optics
KW  - Eclipse
KW  - Io
KW  - PSF
N1  - Accession Number: 12899759; de Pater, Imke 1,2; Email Address: imke@floris.berkeley.edu Marchis, Franck 1 Macintosh, Bruce A. 3 Roe, Henry G. 4 Le Mignant, David 5 Graham, James R. 1 Davies, Ashley G. 6; Affiliation:  1: Astronomy Department, 601 Campbell Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  5: W.M. Keck Observatory, 65-1120 Mamalahoa Hwy., Kamuela, HI 96743, USA  6: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, MS 183-601, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 169 Issue 1, p250; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in astronomy; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: JUPITER (Planet); Subject Term: ECLIPSES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eclipse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Io; Author-Supplied Keyword: PSF; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.icarus.2003.08.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meier, Barbara J.
AU  - Spalter, Anne Morgan
AU  - Karelitz, David B.
T1  - Interactive Color Palette Tools.
JO  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
JF  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 64
EP  - 72
SN  - 02721716
AB  - Color is one of the basic building blocks of image creation, yet many computer-based methods for selecting and working with colors remain unchanged from the time of their invention two decades ago. The authors have integrated core concepts from art, perceptual science, and psychology to develop a new toolset, Interactive Palette Tools (IPT).The IPT address each of these questions with a prototype plug-in to the computer software "Adobe Illustrator." This collection of tools will help designers choose and use colors effectively. The IPT are coordinated through a palette browser that displays named palettes. A drop-down arrow lets the user hide or show each associated palette. Large swatch sets are displayed on multiple lines. The authors enhanced their version with the nudger feature, palette sorting by theme color, and corresponding reference imagery available in the image and composition tools. During the early implementation phase of the IPT, the authors conducted a Web-based survey of individuals who work with color.  INSET: Previous Work..
KW  - COLORS
KW  - PALETTES (Tool)
KW  - ADOBE software
KW  - COMPUTER art
KW  - COLOR computer graphics
KW  - ARTISTS' tools
N1  - Accession Number: 13137692; Meier, Barbara J. 1; Email Address: DBKAREL@sandia.gov Spalter, Anne Morgan 2 Karelitz, David B. 3; Email Address: DBKAREL@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer Animation, Brown University.  2: Researcher and Artist, Brown University Computer Graphics Group.  3: Member of the Technical Staff, Sandia National Laboratories.; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p64; Subject Term: COLORS; Subject Term: PALETTES (Tool); Subject Term: ADOBE software; Subject Term: COMPUTER art; Subject Term: COLOR computer graphics; Subject Term: ARTISTS' tools; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frazho, A. E.
AU  - Yagci, B.
AU  - Sumali, H.
T1  - On Sinusoid Estimation in Nonstationary Noise.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 777
EP  - 781
SN  - 00189286
AB  - This note presents a sinusoid estimation algorithm, which will converge to the spectrum of the sinusoid process in nonstationary additive noise. The algorithm is in the framework of the tangential Nevanlinna-Pick setting. The procedure is a generalization of Capon's maximum likelihood estimate and some classical limit theorem for orthogonal polynomials. The method is used in an experimental example to find the natural frequencies of a lightly damped structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - TANGENTIAL coordinates
KW  - NEVANLINNA theory
KW  - ORTHOGONAL polynomials
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - Experimental vibration analysis
KW  - sinusoid estimation
N1  - Accession Number: 13281770; Frazho, A. E. 1; Email Address: frazho@ecn.purdue.edu Yagci, B. 1; Email Address: byagci@ecn.purdue.edu Sumali, H. 2; Email Address: hsumali@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0557 USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p777; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: TANGENTIAL coordinates; Subject Term: NEVANLINNA theory; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL polynomials; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental vibration analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: sinusoid estimation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TAC.2004.825976
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cansiz, Ahmet
AU  - Hull, John R.
T1  - Stable Load-Carrying and Rotational Loss Characteristics of Diamagnetic Bearings.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1636
EP  - 1641
SN  - 00189464
AB  - We investigated the use of diamagnetic materials in magnetic bearings using an experimental apparatus to study the static equilibrium, load-carrying capacity, and dynamic characteristics of the bearings. The apparatus consisted of a 0.79-g NdFeB disk-shaped permanent-magnet rotor levitated by a ferrite magnet with a diamagnetic stabilizer made of either bismuth or graphite, all in a bell-jar vacuum chamber to eliminate air friction on the rotor. The equilibrium position of the rotor was statically and dynamically stable, according to theoretical calculations based on the magnetic-image method. In dynamic tests, the rotor of the diamagnetic bearing was spun up to 100 Hz by a tangential jet of nitrogen gas and then was allowed to spin down freely to measure the rotational losses. The rotational losses varied with the frequency of the rotation, indicating that most of the losses were mainly due to eddy currents. Minor losses due to magnetic inhomogeneities in the permanent magnets and diamagnetic parts were also observed over a small frequency range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC bearings
KW  - DYNAMIC testing
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - BEARINGS (Machinery)
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - PERMANENT magnet motors
KW  - Diamagnetic bearings
KW  - magnetic levitation.
N1  - Accession Number: 13343226; Cansiz, Ahmet 1; Email Address: acansiz@atauni.edu.tr Hull, John R. 2; Email Address: jhull@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Faculty, Electronics Department, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25000, Turkey.  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p1636; Subject Term: MAGNETIC bearings; Subject Term: DYNAMIC testing; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: BEARINGS (Machinery); Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnet motors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamagnetic bearings; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic levitation.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332991 Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.827181
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Daniel A.
AU  - Stowell, Mark
T1  - Full-Wave Simulation of Electromagnetic Coupling Effects in RF and Mixed-Signal ICs Using a Time-Domain Finite-Element Method.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 52
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1404
EP  - 1413
SN  - 00189480
AB  - This paper describes the computer simulation and modeling of distributed electromagnetic coupling effects in analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits. Distributed electromagnetic coupling effects include magnetic coupling of adjacent interconnects and/or planar spiral inductors, substrate coupling due to stray electric currents in a conductive substrate, and full-wave electromagnetic radiation. These coupling mechanisms are inclusively simulated by solving the full-wave Maxwell's equations using a three-dimensional (3-D) time-domain finite-element method. This simulation approach is quite general and can be used for circuit layouts that include isolation wells, guard rings, and 3-D metallic structures. A state-variable behavioral modeling procedure is used to construct simple linear models that mimic the distributed electromagnetic effects. These state-variable models can easily be incorporated into a VHDL-AMS simulation providing a means to include distributed electromagnetic effects into a circuit simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - Behavioral modeling
KW  - finite element
KW  - substrate coupling
KW  - time domain.
N1  - Accession Number: 13159861; White, Daniel A. 1; Email Address: dwhite@llnl.gov Stowell, Mark 1; Email Address: stowell1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 52 Issue 5, p1404; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Behavioral modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: substrate coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: time domain.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMTT.2004.827008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cornish, Katrina
AU  - Myers, Michele D.
AU  - Kelley, Stephen S.
T1  - Latex quantification in homogenate and purified latex samples from various plant species using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
JO  - Industrial Crops & Products
JF  - Industrial Crops & Products
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
SN  - 09266690
AB  - Parthenium argentatum (guayule) is under commercial development as a source of hypoallergenic latex, which is suitable for the manufacture of latex medical devices safe for use by people suffering from Type I latex protein allergy. Improving agronomic practices, post-harvest shrub handling, and optimizing latex extraction and purification protocols during bioprocessing are hampered by the relatively cumbersome latex quantification methods currently employed. Current methods require several hours before analytical results can be obtained.The object of our study was to develop and test a near infrared (NIR) spectroscopic method for rapid quantification of latex in both wet and dried P. argentatum homogenate and purified latex samples. The procedure was tested on latex samples from Ficus elastica (Indian rubber tree), Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Hevea brasiliensis (Brazilian or para rubber tree) and Taraxacum kok-saghyz (Russian dandelion).P. argentatum latex could be accurately quantified, over a wide concentration range of 0 to 25 mg/ml. The correlations between the measured rubber content and the rubber content predicted by NIR were 0.96 and 0.91 for dry and wet samples, respectively. The presence of homogenate components unrelated to the latex fraction did not perturb the correlations obtained. Similar predictive models could be used to measure the rubber content in F. elastica, H. annuus, H. brasilensis and T. kok-saghyz. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Industrial Crops & Products is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LATEX
KW  - GUAYULE
KW  - PLANT species
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - Ficus
KW  - Helianthus
KW  - Hevea
KW  - NIR
KW  - Parthenium
KW  - Taraxacum
N1  - Accession Number: 12745294; Cornish, Katrina 1; Email Address: kcornish@pw.usda.gov Myers, Michele D. 2 Kelley, Stephen S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CA 80401, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p283; Subject Term: LATEX; Subject Term: GUAYULE; Subject Term: PLANT species; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ficus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helianthus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hevea; Author-Supplied Keyword: NIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Taraxacum; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.indcrop.2003.10.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12745294&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, H.L.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Akinc, M.
T1  - Thermal expansion behavior of intermetallic compounds in the Mo–Si–B system
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The binary tetragonal intermetallic compound Mo5Si3 has significant thermal expansion anisotropy (TEA) with the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the c-axis (αc) more than double that of the a-axis (αa). Since boron has been shown to improve the oxidation stability of alloys near this composition, we explore the effect of adding boron on the thermal expansion anisotropy of Mo5+ySi3−yBx (T1) and subsequently the adjoining phases in thermal equilibrium. Powder X-ray diffraction was conducted at high temperatures using high energy (>40 keV) synchrotron X-rays. All of the intermetallics in this system (Mo5SiB2, MoSi2, MoB and Mo3Si) have moderate CTE values ranging from 7.17 ppm/°C for the cubic Mo3Si to nearly 14 ppm/°C for the c-axis of Mo5Si3B. The nearly isotropic TEA for Mo5B2Si was confirmed. The variability of the TEA of Mo5Si3B from 1.83 to 2.43 is explained in terms of the site occupancy and the change of the inter-atomic spacing of the Mo atom chains along the c-axis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - X-rays
KW  - A. Molybdenum silicide
KW  - B. Thermal properties
KW  - F. Diffraction (electron, neutron and X-ray)
N1  - Accession Number: 12740328; Zhao, H.L. 1 Kramer, M.J.; Email Address: mjkramer@ameslab.gov Akinc, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p493; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Molybdenum silicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Diffraction (electron, neutron and X-ray); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.01.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rimmelzwaan, G.F.
AU  - Boon, A.C.M.
AU  - de Mutsert, G.
AU  - Fouchier, R.A.M.
AU  - van Baarle, D.
AU  - Smith, D.J.
AU  - Lapedes, A.S.
AU  - Sintnicolaas, K.
AU  - Osterhaus, A.D.M.E.
T1  - Recognition of influenza virus epitope variants by human CTL
JO  - International Congress Series
JF  - International Congress Series
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 1263
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
SN  - 05315131
AB  - Recently, an HLA-B*3501-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) epitope in the nucleoprotein (NP418–426) of influenza A viruses was identified, which exhibited a high degree of variability. In the present study, the recognition of epitope variants by human cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) was investigated. Human CD8+ CTL clones were specific for NP418–426 epitope variants within one subtype of influenza virus or cross-reactive with hetero-subtypic variants. Positions in the 9-mer were identified as determinants of CTL-specificity. The in vivo existence of T cells cross-reactive with homo- and hetero-subtypic variants of the epitope was confirmed with virus-specific polyclonal T cell populations obtained from HLA-B*3501+ blood donors. Based on CTL recognition patterns and the history of infection as assessed by serology, it was hypothesized that consecutive infections with influenza viruses containing different variants of the epitope select for cross-reactive T cells in vivo. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Congress Series is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFLUENZA viruses
KW  - ANTIGENIC determinants
KW  - T cells
KW  - SEROLOGY
KW  - Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes
KW  - Epitopes
KW  - Escape
N1  - Accession Number: 13589944; Rimmelzwaan, G.F. 1; Email Address: g.rimmelzwaan@erasmusmc.nl Boon, A.C.M. 1 de Mutsert, G. 1 Fouchier, R.A.M. 1 van Baarle, D. 2 Smith, D.J. 3,4 Lapedes, A.S. 4,5 Sintnicolaas, K. 6 Osterhaus, A.D.M.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Virology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam 3015 GE, The Netherlands  2: Sanquin Research at CLB, The Netherlands  3: University of Cambridge, UK  4: Santa Fe Institute, USA  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  6: Sanquin Bloodbank, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 1263, p145; Subject Term: INFLUENZA viruses; Subject Term: ANTIGENIC determinants; Subject Term: T cells; Subject Term: SEROLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Escape; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ics.2004.02.061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13589944&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Xiaomei
AU  - Tang, Aijun
AU  - Schielke, Erika G.
AU  - Hang, Wei
AU  - Nolan, John P.
T1  - On the development of a microsphere-based multiplexed immunoassay for influenza virus typing and subtyping by flow cytometry
JO  - International Congress Series
JF  - International Congress Series
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 1263
M3  - Article
SP  - 342
SN  - 05315131
AB  - A rapid and sensitive multiplexed, microsphere-based immunoassay was developed for simultaneous typing and subtyping of the influenza virus by flow cytometry. Influenza virus type- and/or subtype-specific monoclonal antibodies (capture antibodies) were covalently coupled to size- or color-coded microspheres. The antibody-coupled microspheres were used to capture the influenza viruses in the sample, and the bound viruses were then detected and quantified with a cocktail of fluorochrome-conjugated, influenza virus-specific polyclonal antibodies (reporter antibodies) using flow cytometry. By utilizing appropriate size- or color-coded microspheres, the multiplexed immunoassay can be readily formatted into a duplexed assay for influenza virus typing (A vs. B) or a four-plexed assay for simultaneous typing and subtyping (A vs. B and H1 vs. H3). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Congress Series is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFLUENZA viruses
KW  - IMMUNOASSAY
KW  - FLOW cytometry
KW  - MICROSPHERES
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - Influenza virus
KW  - Microsphere
KW  - Multiplexed immunoassay
N1  - Accession Number: 13589997; Yan, Xiaomei 1; Email Address: yan@lanl.gov Tang, Aijun 2 Schielke, Erika G. 1 Hang, Wei 2 Nolan, John P. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Flow Cytometry Resource Center, Bioscience Division, MS M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Chemistry Division, MS K484, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 1263, p342; Subject Term: INFLUENZA viruses; Subject Term: IMMUNOASSAY; Subject Term: FLOW cytometry; Subject Term: MICROSPHERES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow cytometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Influenza virus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microsphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiplexed immunoassay; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ics.2004.02.075
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13589997&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reynen, Klaus
AU  - Köckeritz, Ulrich
AU  - Kropp, Joachim
AU  - Wunderlich, Gerd
AU  - Knapp, Furn F. (Russ)
AU  - Schmeisser, Alexander
AU  - Strasser, Ruth H.
T1  - Intracoronary radiotherapy with a 188rhenium liquid-filled PTCA balloon system in in-stent restenosis: acute and long-term angiographic results, as well as 1-year clinical follow-up
JO  - International Journal of Cardiology
JF  - International Journal of Cardiology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 34
SN  - 01675273
AB  - Background: Intracoronary radiotherapy with β- and γ-emitters has been shown to reduce the risk of restenosis after balloon angioplasty and after coronary stenting. The present study addresses the question whether intracoronary radiotherapy using the 188rhenium liquid-filled PTCA balloon system is feasible, safe and effective in cases of in-stent restenosis. Acute and long-term angiographic results as well as clinical events within 1 year after the procedure were evaluated. Methods and results: From September 1999 to April 2000, 41 patients (mean age 60±10 years, 33 male, 8 female) with symptomatic in-stent restenosis underwent repeat PTCA and immediate intracoronary brachytherapy. After successful repeat PTCA (residual stenosis less than 30% in diameter), a second standard PTCA catheter was inflated with liquid 188rhenium in the redilated in-stent restenosis for 315–880, mean 540±155 s with low pressure (3 atm) in order to reach 30 Gy at 0.5 mm depth of the vessel wall. In all patients with successful reintervention, intracoronary radiotherapy was unproblematically performed; in 16 patients, 21 new stents were implanted during the procedure—either immediately before or after radiation therapy. During follow-up, four episodes of stent thrombosis with subsequent myocardial infarction occurred in three patients (8 days, 37 days, 5 months and 6 months after the procedure, respectively). This complication was seen exclusively in patients with newly implanted stents. One patient of the stent group died suddenly 46 days after the procedure. All 40 surviving patients underwent repeat angiography in cases of repeat angina or routinely 6 months after brachytherapy, respectively. In the redilated target vessels without new stenting, restenosis (stenosis >50% in diameter) or reocclusion was observed in only 5 of 25 (=20%) cases, but in the restented target lesions, in 10 of 15 (=67%). Event-free survival (death, myocardial infarction, TVR) at 1 year after repeat dilatation and subsequent brachytherapy was 80% for patients not newly stented, but only 44% for patients with new stents. Conclusions: Intracoronary radiation therapy with the liquid-filled β-emitting 188rhenium balloon is a safe and effective therapy in cases of in-stent restenosis. The positive effect of irradiation, however, is abolished if a new stent is needed. In the not newly stented patients, 1-year follow-up is encouraging. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Cardiology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOTHERAPY
KW  - CORONARY restenosis
KW  - RADIOISOTOPE brachytherapy
KW  - RHENIUM
KW  - THROMBOSIS
KW  - Brachytherapy
KW  - Clopidogrel
KW  - In-stent restenosis
KW  - Late stent thrombosis
KW  - Rhenium-188
N1  - Accession Number: 13178740; Reynen, Klaus 1; Email Address: Kardiologie@mailbox.tu.dresden.de Köckeritz, Ulrich 1 Kropp, Joachim 2 Wunderlich, Gerd 2 Knapp, Furn F. (Russ) 3 Schmeisser, Alexander 1 Strasser, Ruth H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Cardiology, University of Technology Dresden, Fetscherstraße 76, 01307 Dresden, Germany  2: Department of Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: RADIOTHERAPY; Subject Term: CORONARY restenosis; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPE brachytherapy; Subject Term: RHENIUM; Subject Term: THROMBOSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brachytherapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clopidogrel; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-stent restenosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Late stent thrombosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhenium-188; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.03.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13178740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ibrahim, Wael M.G.
AU  - Elsayed-Ali, Hani E.
AU  - Bonner Jr., Carl E.
AU  - Shinn, Michelle
T1  - Ultrafast investigation of electron dynamics in multi-layer metals
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 47
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2261
SN  - 00179310
AB  - Ultrafast time-resolved pump–probe studies of energy relaxation and transport in polycrystalline single and multi-layer metal films are presented. The dependence of the surface electron temperature on the film structure was investigated. Vanadium was studied as possible padding layer for increasing the laser damage threshold of metal mirrors. The results, for 300 K <f><Te<700</f> K, where <f>Te</f> is the effective electron temperature, show a reduction of the thermoreflectivity signal, <f>ΔRmax</f> for the multi-layer structure as compared to the single layer film. This reduction signifies a drop in the surface electron temperature that is in agreement with previous work. Damage experiments, in the high fluence regime, where the thermomodulation data can no longer be related to the effective electron temperature, show that the padding layer does not improve the damage threshold as previously suggested. The experimental results are analyzed within the framework of the two-temperature model (TTM), which agrees well with both thermomodulation and damage results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELAXATION (Health)
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
KW  - THERMOMOLECULAR pressure
KW  - VANADIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 12168132; Ibrahim, Wael M.G. 1; Email Address: wibrahim@ecpi.edu Elsayed-Ali, Hani E. 1 Bonner Jr., Carl E. 2 Shinn, Michelle 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Applied Research Center, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA  2: Center for Material Research, Norfolk state University, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA  3: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606 USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 47 Issue 10/11, p2261; Subject Term: RELAXATION (Health); Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; Subject Term: THERMOMOLECULAR pressure; Subject Term: VANADIUM; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2003.11.029
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12168132&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, V.
AU  - Glimm, J.
AU  - Davenport, J. W.
AU  - Cal, X.
AU  - Santos, E.
T1  - PERFORMANCE MODELS ON QCDOC FOR MOLECULAR DYNAMICS WITH COULOMB POTENTIALS.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 195
SN  - 10943420
AB  - The article explores the use of a machine with novel architecture designed for quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The quantum chromodynamics on a chip (QCDOC) architecture has two attractive and unusual features, a very high degree of communication parallelism and a very low latency. The result appears to be a design with highly scalable parallel performance. The QCDOC high per formance network allows a very high level of parallelism and very fast solutions, for a number of basic algorithms of wide interest. Because of the high level of parallelism, small problem sizes per processor are feasible, with the result that the entire problem fits in the on-chip, L2 cache, memory. Authors expect that the performance as a fraction of peak speed will be comparable to that of a vector machine. The machine is scalable by design, and is recognized to be very cost effective per teraflop of sustained performance. The machine should excel especially for problems for which large numbers of timesteps are the figure of merit.
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - CACHE memory
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - COST effectiveness
N1  - Accession Number: 13335801; Deng, V. 1 Glimm, J. 1 Davenport, J. W. 2 Cal, X. 3 Santos, E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department Of Applied Mathematics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, Ny 11794, USA And Center For Data Intensive Computing, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Ny 11973, USA.  2: Center For Data Intensive Computing, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Ny 11973, USA.  3: University Of Science And Technology Of China, Hefei 230026, China.  4: Department Of Computer Science, Virginia Tech., Blacksburg, Va 24061, USA.; Source Info: Summer2004, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p183; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: COMPUTER architecture; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: CACHE memory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: COST effectiveness; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004044010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13335801&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerbyson, Darren J.
AU  - Hoisie, Adolfy
AU  - Pakin, Scott
AU  - Petrini, Fabrizio
AU  - Wasserman, Harvey J.
T1  - A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AN ALPHA EV7 PROCESSING NODE.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 209
SN  - 10943420
AB  - This article details a performance evaluation of a state-of-the-art AlphaServer node. This node is a prototype of the latest generation AlphaServer systems, which are designed to scale up to 128 processors per node. The 21364 processor, code-named EV7, is the latest in the Alpha processor line. The EV7 design emphasizes high memory performance in order to overcome some of the performance issues associated with the increasing gap between processor and memory speeds. The performance of a 16-processor node is examined here in terms of memory performance, intranode MPI communication performance, and also with a number of complete applications. The performance reported through this work is taken from a pre-production node running at a clock rate of 1.2 GHz. Due to the excellent main-memory bus bandwidth, a higher performance should be achievable on nodes using the EV7 processor in comparison to the existing EV68 at a similar clock-speed used in the existing AlphaServer ES45 nodes.
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - HIGH performance processors
KW  - COMPUTER engineering
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
N1  - Accession Number: 13335803; Kerbyson, Darren J. 1 Hoisie, Adolfy 1 Pakin, Scott 1 Petrini, Fabrizio 1 Wasserman, Harvey J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory (Lanl), Ccs-3 Modeling, Algorithms And Informatics Group, Performance And Architectures Laboratory, Los Alamos, Nm 87545, USA.; Source Info: Summer2004, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p199; Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: BANDWIDTHS; Subject Term: HIGH performance processors; Subject Term: COMPUTER engineering; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004039808
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13335803&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warren, T.L.
AU  - Fossum, A.F.
AU  - Frew, D.J.
T1  - Penetration into low-strength (23 MPa) concrete: target characterization and simulations
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - A combined experimental, analytical, and computational research and development program investigates the penetration of steel projectiles into low-strength concrete. Laboratory-scale material property tests conducted at the US Army Waterways Experiment Station on the concrete provide the data used in parameter estimation for a geomaterial constitutive model. The experiments and the model are described as well as the procedure used to fit the material model to the experimental data. The model accurately reproduces the data and predicts experimental results not used in the evaluation of model constants. The model, used in conjunction with an explicit transient dynamic finite element code, accurately predicts deceleration and depth of penetration of 3 CRH ogive-nosed 4340 steel penetrators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEEL
KW  - MILITARY shooting
KW  - TRANSPORTATION
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Dynamic finite elements
KW  - Laboratory testing
KW  - Penetration
KW  - Plasticity
KW  - Spherical cavity expansion
N1  - Accession Number: 12500866; Warren, T.L.; Email Address: tlwarre@sandia.gov Fossum, A.F. 1 Frew, D.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1174, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1174, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p477; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: MILITARY shooting; Subject Term: TRANSPORTATION; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Concrete; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laboratory testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Penetration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical cavity expansion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0734-743X(03)00092-7
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12500866&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martineau, Rick L.
AU  - Prime, Michael B.
AU  - Duffey, Thomas
T1  - Penetration of HSLA-100 steel with tungsten carbide spheres at striking velocities between 0.8 and 2.5 km/s
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 505
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - A 51 mm thick plate of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA-100) steel was impacted by 6.4 mm diameter tungsten carbide spheres traveling at velocities ranging from 0.8–2.5 km/s. The width and depth of the crater for each impact event are provided in tabulated form and graphed as a function of velocity. The impacts were simulated using an explicit Lagrangian finite element model. A residual stress map over a cross-section through the crater was also measured by the Contour Method for the 2.2 km/s impact. The predominant feature of the stress map was a peak compressive stress of 1100 MPa, which is 1.6 times the yield strength, centered approximately one crater diameter below the crater floor. Residual stresses in the as-received HSLA-100 plate were also measured and were used to evaluate the effect of initial stresses on the model prediction. Good agreement is shown between the numerical simulation of the impact event and the experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - STEEL
KW  - STORED energy of cold work
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - Ballistic
KW  - Foreign object damage
KW  - Impact
KW  - Penetration resistance
KW  - Residual stress
N1  - Accession Number: 12500867; Martineau, Rick L. 1; Email Address: rickm@lanl.gov Prime, Michael B. 2 Duffey, Thomas 3; Affiliation:  1: Group X-2, MS T085, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Group ESA-WR, MS P946, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Consulting Engineer, P.O. Box 1239, Tijeras, NM 87059, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p505; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: STORED energy of cold work; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ballistic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foreign object damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Penetration resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0734-743X(03)00080-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laskin, Julia
AU  - Bailey, Thomas H.
AU  - Futrell, Jean H.
T1  - Fragmentation energetics for angiotensin II and its analogs from time- and energy-resolved surface-induced dissociation studies
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 234
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 99
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Surface-induced dissociation (SID) of four model peptides: DRVYIHPF, RVYIHPF, RVYIHAF, and RVYIHDF was studied using a novel Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) specially configured for SID experiments. The energetics and dynamics of peptide fragmentation were deduced by modeling the time- and energy-resolved survival curves for each precursor ion using an RRKM based approach developed in our laboratory. Accurate dissociation parameters can be obtained from these experiments because collision-energy-resolved SID data are very sensitive to both the energetics and dynamics of dissociation. We found that transition from selective to non-selective fragmentation as ion kinetic energy is increased is associated with a substantial (ca. 0.5 eV) increase in the dissociation energy and a 3–4 orders of magnitude increase in the pre-exponential factor. Dissociation thresholds for angiotensin analogs derived from the experimental data are as follows: 1.62 eV for RVYIHAF and RVYIHPF, 1.14 eV for RVYIHDF and 1.13 eV for DRVYIHPF. Pre-exponential factors of <F>8.2×1011</F>, <F>7.2×1012</F>, <F>3.1×108</F>, and <F>5.0×107</F> s-1 were obtained for RVYIHPF, RVYIHAF, RVYIHDF, and DRVYIHPF, respectively. Contribution from shattering to the total decomposition of the precursor ion increases for kinetically hindered fragmentation. The largest contribution is observed for a peptide ion that has the largest negative reaction entropy—DRVYIHPF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Fragmentation energetics
KW  - FT-ICR MS
KW  - Protonated peptides
KW  - Reaction entropy
KW  - RRKM modeling
KW  - Selective cleavage
KW  - Surface-induced dissociation
N1  - Accession Number: 13115691; Laskin, Julia 1; Email Address: Julia.Laskin@pnl.gov Bailey, Thomas H. 2 Futrell, Jean H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Directorate, P.O. Box 999 (K8-88), Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 234 Issue 1-3, p89; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fragmentation energetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-ICR MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protonated peptides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction entropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: RRKM modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective cleavage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface-induced dissociation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijms.2004.02.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorshkov, Michael V.
AU  - Masselon, Christophe D.
AU  - Nikolaev, Eugene N.
AU  - Udseth, Harold R.
AU  - Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Considerations for electron capture dissociation efficiency in FTICR mass spectrometry
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 234
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 136
SN  - 13873806
AB  - An experimental approach for increasing the efficiency of Electron Capture Dissociation (ECD) with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) is presented. The approach is based on manipulating the spatial distribution of an ion cloud inside an FTICR trap during electron irradiation, which is realized by using both on-resonance pre-excitation of the ions and sustained off-resonance irradiation (SORI). The achieved fragmentation efficiency is compared with the theoretical prediction. This method may be useful in biological applications of FTICR, such as identification of posttranslational modifications in proteins and de novo sequencing, where the ECD technique is most applicable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON capture
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Electron capture dissociation (ECD)
KW  - FTICR-MS
KW  - SORI
N1  - Accession Number: 13115694; Gorshkov, Michael V. 1 Masselon, Christophe D. 2 Nikolaev, Eugene N. 1 Udseth, Harold R. 2 Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana 2 Smith, Richard D. 2; Email Address: rds@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia  2: Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN: K8-98, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 234 Issue 1-3, p131; Subject Term: ELECTRON capture; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron capture dissociation (ECD); Author-Supplied Keyword: FTICR-MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SORI; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijms.2004.02.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsohn, Elisabet
AU  - Ångström, Jonas
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Nilsson, Carol L.
T1  - Chemical cross-linking of the urease complex from Helicobacter pylori and analysis by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and molecular modeling
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 234
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 137
EP  - 144
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Chemical cross-linking of proteins is a well-established method for structural mapping of small protein complexes. When combined with mass spectrometry, cross-linking can reveal protein topology and identify contact sites between the peptide surfaces. When applied to surface-exposed proteins from pathogenic organisms, the method can reveal structural details that are useful in vaccine design. In order to investigate the possibilities of applying cross-linking on larger protein complexes, we selected the urease enzyme from Helicobacter pylori as a model. This membrane-associated protein complex consists of two subunits: α (26.5 kDa) and β (61.7 kDa). Three (αβ) heterodimers form a trimeric (αβ)3 assembly which further associates into a unique dodecameric 1.1 MDa complex composed of four (αβ)3 units. Cross-linked peptides from trypsin-digested urease complex were analyzed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT–ICR MS) and molecular modeling. Two potential cross-linked peptides (present in the cross-linked sample but undetectable in α, β, and native complex) were assigned. Molecular modeling of urease αβ complex and trimeric urease units (αβ)3 revealed a linkage site between the α-subunit and the β-subunit, and an internal cross-linkage in the β-subunit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - UREASE
KW  - AMIDASES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - Cross-linking
KW  - FT–ICR MS
KW  - FTMS
KW  - Molecular modeling
KW  - Urease
N1  - Accession Number: 13115695; Carlsohn, Elisabet 1; Email Address: elisabeth.carlsohn@medkem.gu.se Ångström, Jonas 1 Emmett, Mark R. 2,3 Marshall, Alan G. 2,3 Nilsson, Carol L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Göteborg University, Box 440, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 234 Issue 1-3, p137; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: UREASE; Subject Term: AMIDASES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-linking; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT–ICR MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urease; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijms.2004.02.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sihlbom, Carina
AU  - Davidsson, Pia
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Nilsson, Carol L.
T1  - Glycoproteomics of cerebrospinal fluid in neurodegenerative disease
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 234
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 152
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from individual patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was separated by narrow range two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and analyzed by electrospray FT-ICR MS in this glycoproteomic study. Because several altered proteins in the comparison between AD patients and healthy controls individuals are isoforms of glycoproteins, it is important to determine if the modifying glycans are also altered. FT-ICR MS and fragmentation of glycopeptides with infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) offers abundant fragment ions through breakage at the glycosidic linkages with excellent mass accuracy, which facilitates the structural determination of the site-specific N-linked glycosylation. We present results from a structural comparison of proteins from three AD patients and three control individuals of different glycosylated isomers of α-1-antitrypsin, β-trace and apolipoprotein J. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CEREBROSPINAL fluid
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - NEURODEGENERATION
KW  - DEGENERATION (Pathology)
KW  - Cerebrospinal fluid
KW  - Fourier transform
KW  - FT-ICR MS
KW  - FTMS
KW  - Glycoprotein
KW  - Ion cyclotron resonance
KW  - IRMPD
KW  - MS/MS
N1  - Accession Number: 13115696; Sihlbom, Carina 1; Email Address: carina.sihlbom@medkem.gu.se Davidsson, Pia 2 Emmett, Mark R. 3,4 Marshall, Alan G. 3,4 Nilsson, Carol L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Göteborg University, Box 440, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden  2: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Göteborg University, Mölndal, Sweden  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Florida, FL 32306, USA  4: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 234 Issue 1-3, p145; Subject Term: CEREBROSPINAL fluid; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: NEURODEGENERATION; Subject Term: DEGENERATION (Pathology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cerebrospinal fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-ICR MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycoprotein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion cyclotron resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: IRMPD; Author-Supplied Keyword: MS/MS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijms.2004.02.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nieto, Michael Martin
AU  - Turyshev, Slava G.
T1  - MEASURING THE INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM WITH A SOLAR SAIL.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 899
EP  - 906
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02182718
AB  - NASA has been considering a solar sail that would accelerate a craft to a high velocity (~14 AU/yr) by the time it reached 5 AU. Then the sail would be dropped and the craft would coast alone to deep space. We propose that the sail be retained longer. Then the density of the interplanetary medium could be determined by measuring the drag force on the huge sail using radiometric navigational data. Such an experiment would yield an independent, new type of measurement of the interplanetary medium and should be pursued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR sails
KW  - SPACE flight propulsion systems
KW  - AERONAUTICS
KW  - INTERSTELLAR matter
KW  - SPACE environment
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - Interstellar medium
KW  - solar sail
N1  - Accession Number: 13533662; Nieto, Michael Martin 1; Email Address: mmn@lanl.gov Turyshev, Slava G. 2; Email Address: turyshev@jpl.nasa.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (MS-B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  2: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p899; Subject Term: SOLAR sails; Subject Term: SPACE flight propulsion systems; Subject Term: AERONAUTICS; Subject Term: INTERSTELLAR matter; Subject Term: SPACE environment; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interstellar medium; Author-Supplied Keyword: solar sail; NAICS/Industry Codes: 481211 Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger Air Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336415 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Propulsion Unit and Propulsion Unit Parts Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoon, Choongseok
AU  - McGraw, Robert
T1  - Representation of generally mixed multivariate aerosols by the quadrature method of moments: I. Statistical foundation
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 561
SN  - 00218502
AB  - The quadrature method of moments (QMOM), a promising new tool for aerosol dynamics simulation is extended to generally mixed multicomponent particle populations. This paper develops the mathematical and statistical foundation for a fully multivariate extension of the QMOM using principal components analysis (PCA). In essence, the full particle distribution function is systematically replaced by a set of lower-order mixed moments and corresponding multivariate quadrature points optimally assigned through PCA and back projection. The resulting PCA–QMOM is illustrated for a multivariate normal particle population in order to compare quadrature point assignments with analytic results, but the method is applicable to arbitrary distributions. Physical and optical properties can be reliably estimated by summation over the PCA-assigned quadrature points. Application of the PCA–QMOM to the dynamics of generally mixed particle populations evolving under condensation, coagulation, and sintering is described in the following paper (Part II). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - MOMENTS method (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - Aerosol dynamics
KW  - Moment methods
KW  - Multicomponent aerosols
KW  - Multivariate
KW  - Principal component analysis
KW  - Quadrature
N1  - Accession Number: 12836738; Yoon, Choongseok 1,2 McGraw, Robert 1; Email Address: rlm@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p561; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: MOMENTS method (Statistics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moment methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multicomponent aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal component analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadrature; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2003.11.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoon, Choongseok
AU  - McGraw, Robert
T1  - Representation of generally mixed multivariate aerosols by the quadrature method of moments: II. Aerosol dynamics
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
SN  - 00218502
AB  - The quadrature method of moments (QMOM) is extended to generally mixed multicomponent particle populations using principal component analysis (PCA). The resulting PCA-QMOM provides a versatile method for moment closure illustrated for generally mixed, multivariate, particle populations evolving under condensation, coagulation, sintering, and simultaneous processes. The method is illustrated using a <f>2h</f>-point quadrature version of the PCA-QMOM, where <f>h</f> is the number of coordinate dimensions, developed in the preceding paper (Paper I). Calculations for multiple particle populations interacting through coagulation are also presented. A theory is developed for the time-dependence of the covariance matrix of a multicomponent particle population evolving under a size-independent coagulation rate. It is found that the rank of the <f>h×h</f> covariance matrix, for <f>h</f> components, approaches unity at long time as the particle population evolves to an internally mixed, self-preserving size distribution state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - MOMENTS method (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - Aerosol dynamics
KW  - Moment methods
KW  - Multicomponent aerosols
KW  - Multivariate
KW  - Principal component analysis
KW  - Quadrature
N1  - Accession Number: 12836739; Yoon, Choongseok 1,2 McGraw, Robert 1; Email Address: rlm@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 815E, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p577; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: MOMENTS method (Statistics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moment methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multicomponent aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal component analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadrature; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2003.11.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calhoun, Ronald
AU  - Gouveia, Frank
AU  - Shinn, Joseph
AU  - Chan, Stevens
AU  - Stevens, Dave
AU  - Lee, Robert
AU  - Leone, John
T1  - Flow around a Complex Building: Comparisons between Experiments and a Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes Approach.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 696
EP  - 710
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - An experiment investigating flow around a single complex building was performed in 2000. Sonic anemometers were placed around the building, and two-dimensional wind velocities were recorded. An energy-budget and wind-measuring station was located upstream to provide stability and inflow conditions. In general, the sonic anemometers were located in a horizontal plane around the building at a height of 2.6 m above the ground. However, at the upwind wind station, two levels of the wind were measured. The resulting database can be sampled to produce mean wind fields associated with specific wind directions such as 210°, 225°, and 240°. The data are available generally and should be useful for testing computational fluid dynamical models for flow around a building. An in-house Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes approach was used to compare with the mean wind fields for the predominant wind directions. The numerical model assumed neutral flow and included effects from a complex array of trees in the vicinity of the building. Two kinds of comparisons are presented: 1) direct experimental versus modeled vector comparisons and 2) a numerical metric approach that focuses on wind magnitude and direction errors. The numerical evaluation generally corroborates the vector-to-vector inspection, showing reasonable agreement for the mean wind fields around the building. However, regions with special challenges for the model were identified. In particular, recirculation regions were especially difficult for the model to capture correctly. In the 240° case, there is a tendency for the model to exaggerate the turning effect in the wind caused by the effect of the building. Two different kinds of simulations were performed: 1) predictive calculations with a reasonable but not high-fidelity representation of the building's architectural complexity and 2) postexperiment calculations in which a large number of architectural features were well represented. Although qualitative evidence from inspection of the angles of the vectors in key areas such as around the southeast corner of the building indicated an improvement from the higher-fidelity representation of the building, the general numerical evaluation indicated little difference in the quality of the two solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANEMOMETER
KW  - METEOROLOGICAL instruments
KW  - WIND speed -- Measurement
KW  - WIND pressure
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - WEATHER forecasting
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13228238; Calhoun, Ronald 1; Email Address: ronald.calhoun@asu.edu Gouveia, Frank 1 Shinn, Joseph 1 Chan, Stevens 1 Stevens, Dave 1 Lee, Robert 1 Leone, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p696; Subject Term: ANEMOMETER; Subject Term: METEOROLOGICAL instruments; Subject Term: WIND speed -- Measurement; Subject Term: WIND pressure; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: WEATHER forecasting; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541990 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunaevsky, A.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
T1  - Measuring the plasma density of a ferroelectric plasma source in an expanding plasma.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4621
EP  - 4626
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The initial density and electron temperature at the surface of a ferroelectric plasma source were deduced from floating probe measurements in an expanding plasma. The method exploits negative charging of the floating probe capacitance by fast flows before the expanding plasma reaches the probe. The temporal profiles of the plasma density can be obtained from the voltage traces of the discharge of the charged probe capacitance by the ion current from the expanding plasma. The temporal profiles of the plasma density, at two different distances from the surface of the ferroelectric plasma source, could be further fitted by using the density profiles for the expanding plasma. This gives the initial values of the plasma density and electron temperature at the surface. The method could be useful for any pulsed discharge, which is accompanied by considerable electromagnetic noise, if the initial plasma parameters might be deduced from measurements in expanding plasma. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - MOLECULAR probes
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC noise
KW  - DENSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12855053; Dunaevsky, A. 1 Fisch, N. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton Univesity, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08536.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p4621; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR probes; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC noise; Subject Term: DENSITY; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690860
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Ogi, Hirotsugu
AU  - Kai, Satoshi
AU  - Kim, Sudook
AU  - Hirao, Masahiko
T1  - Elastic constants of body-centered-cubic titanium monocrystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4642
EP  - 4644
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We report estimates of body-centered-cubic titanium’s monocrystal elastic constants C11, C12, and C44. Two constants resulted from measuring a pure-titanium polycrystal at high temperatures using resonant-ultrasound spectroscopy. The third constant resulted from assuming a Zener elastic anisotropy and using inversely Kröner’s monocrystal–polycrystal elastic-constant relationship. Our values are C11=97.7, C12=82.7, and C44=37.5 GPa at 1000 °C. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12855050; Ledbetter, Hassel 1 Ogi, Hirotsugu 2; Email Address: ogi@iuc.cs.osaka-u.ac.jp Kai, Satoshi 2 Kim, Sudook 3 Hirao, Masahiko 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory MIS E536, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1 -3, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-853 1, Japan.  3: Materials Science & Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology Baulder Colorado 80303.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p4642; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688445
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12855050&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duanwei He, C.
AU  - Yusheng Zhao
AU  - Daemen, L. L.
AU  - Qian, J.
AU  - Lokshin, K.
AU  - Shen, T. D.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Lawson, A. C.
T1  - Thermoelastic and texture behavior of aluminum at high pressure and high temperature investigated by in situ neutron diffraction.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4645
EP  - 4650
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The behavior of aluminum under high pressures and temperatures was investigated by in situ time-of-flight neutron diffraction with a developed Toroidal Anvil Press (TAP-98). The effect of the displacement of the center of diffraction, which is caused by sample movement during compression, is corrected by an additional calibration. Unit-cell dimensions, measured up to P=5.7 GPa and T=900 K, were derived from the refinement results and fitted to the high-temperature Birch–Murnaghan equation of state. With (∂KT/∂P)T fixed at 4, we obtained K0=72.8(±2.4) GPa, (∂KT/∂T)P=-0.04(±0.01) GPa K-1, and αT (K-1)=3.7(±1.6)×10-5+9.7(±3.5)×10-8T. Our data are compared with previous experimental data involving shock wave, static compression, ultrasonic, and thermal-expansion measurements and with theoretical predictions. The results demonstrate that the newly developed high-pressure high-temperature system for in situ neutron diffraction is reliable. It was also found that the crystalline orientation of Al grains became highly preferred when the sample was heated to 900 K at ∼4 GPa. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - THERMOELASTICITY
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12855049; Duanwei He, C. 1; Email Address: dhe@princeton.edu Yusheng Zhao 1 Daemen, L. L. 1 Qian, J. 1 Lokshin, K. 1 Shen, T. D. 1 Zhang, J. 1 Lawson, A. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: LANSCE & MST Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p4645; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: THERMOELASTICITY; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688460
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12855049&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Wang, C. M.
AU  - Weber, W. J.
AU  - Engelhard, M. H.
AU  - Saraf, L. V.
T1  - Direct determination of volume changes in ion-beam-irradiated SiC.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4687
EP  - 4690
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A single crystal 6H-SiC wafer was sequentially implanted in two areas at 873 and 295 K using 2.0 MeV Au2+ ions under off-axis conditions. Identical Au depth profiles, as a function of atomic areal density, were obtained for both irradiation temperatures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and analytical electron microscopy were used to determine the one-dimensional expansion in the amorphous state produced at 295 K relative to that in the slightly damaged state produced at 873 K, based on the Au reference markers. In addition, the redshift of the plasmon-loss peak in the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) was used to measure the local density changes. Comparison of the three methods indicates that the XPS and EELS methods were the most reliable, yielding a volume expansion of (11.5±2)% for the amorphous state in 6H-SiC at 295 K. The volume expansion in the slightly damaged state at 873 K was determined to be 0.9% by EELS. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 12855042; Jiang, W. 1; Email Address: weilin.jiang@pnl.gov Wang, C. M. 1 Weber, W. J. 1 Engelhard, M. H. 1 Saraf, L. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p4687; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690102
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xinqi Chen, P. K.
AU  - Sulin Zhang, P. K.
AU  - Wagner, Gregory J.
AU  - Ding, Weiqiang
AU  - Ruoff, Rodney S.
T1  - Mechanical resonance of quartz microfibers and boundary condition effects.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4823
EP  - 4828
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have measured the mechanical resonance of microscale quartz fibers to qualify the method of obtaining the Young’s modulus of nanowires from their resonance frequency and geometry. An equation for a circular beam with a linearly varying cross-section is derived and used to calculate the resonance frequency shift. We have established a model to discuss the boundary condition effect on the resonance frequency. The Young’s modulus of the quartz fibers has been determined by measuring the resonance frequency, and the geometry, and by applying the model that treats the influence of the type of clamp. The mean value from measurements of the fundamental resonance on 14 different microfibers is 70±6 GPa. This mean value is close to 72 GPa, the Young’s modulus of bulk fused quartz. Four resonance modes were observed in high vacuum and air. The mechanical resonance in high vacuum is linear at the fundamental vibration mode, and nonlinear for higher modes. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - QUARTZ fibers
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
N1  - Accession Number: 12855021; Xinqi Chen, P. K. 1 Sulin Zhang, P. K. 1 Wagner, Gregory J. 1,2 Ding, Weiqiang 1 Ruoff, Rodney S. 1; Email Address: r-ruoff@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9402, Livermore, CA 94551.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p4823; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: QUARTZ fibers; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1697635
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruden, P. P.
AU  - Smith, D. L.
T1  - Theory of spin injection into conjugated organic semiconductors.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4898
EP  - 4904
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We present a theoretical model to describe electrical spin injection from a ferromagnetic contact into a conjugated organic semiconductor. In thermal equilibrium the magnetic contact is spin polarized, whereas the organic semiconductor is unpolarized. The organic semiconductor must be driven far out of local thermal equilibrium by an electric current to achieve significant spin current injection. However, if the injecting contact has metallic conductivity, its electron distribution cannot be driven far from thermal equilibrium by practical current densities. Thus, quasi-equilibration between the conjugated organic semiconductor and the metallic contact must be suppressed to achieve effective spin injection. This requires a spin-dependent barrier to electrical injection that may be due either to tunneling through the depletion region of a large Schottky barrier or to tunneling through a thin, insulating, interface layer. Schottky barrier formation on conjugated organic semiconductors differs from that on inorganic semiconductors inasmuch as contacts made to organic semiconductors often follow near-ideal Schottky behavior, thus permitting the energy barrier to electrical injection to be varied over a wide range by using metals with different work functions. In addition, insulating tunnel barriers to organic semiconductors based on organic molecules can be conveniently fabricated using self-assembly techniques. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC semiconductors
KW  - INJECTIONS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - SCHOTTKY-barrier diodes
N1  - Accession Number: 12855009; Ruden, P. P. 1; Email Address: ruden@ece.uiun.edu Smith, D. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p4898; Subject Term: ORGANIC semiconductors; Subject Term: INJECTIONS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: SCHOTTKY-barrier diodes; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689753
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kapiar, R. J.
AU  - Kurtz, S. R.
AU  - Koleske, D. D.
AU  - Fischer, A. J.
T1  - Electroreflectance studies of Stark shifts and polarization-induced electric fields in InGaN/GaN single quantum wells.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4905
EP  - 4913
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - To observe the effects of polarization fields and screening, we have performed contacted electroreflectance (CER) measurements on In0.07Ga0.93N/GaN single quantum well light emitting diodes for different reverse bias voltages. Room-temperature CER spectra exhibited three features which are at lower energy than the GaN band gap and are associated with the quantum well. The position of the lowest-energy experimental peak, attributed to the ground-state quantum well transition, exhibited a limited Stark shift except at large reverse bias when a redshift in the peak energy was observed. Realistic band models of the quantum well samples were constructed using self-consistent Schrödinger–Poisson solutions, taking polarization and screening effects in the quantum well fully into account. The model predicts an initial blueshift in transition energy as reverse bias voltage is increased, due to the cancellation of the polarization electric field by the depletion region field and the associated shift due to the quantum-confined Stark effect. A redshift is predicted to occur as the applied field is further increased past the flatband voltage. While the data and the model are in reasonable agreement for voltages past the flatband voltage, they disagree for smaller values of reverse bias, when charge is stored in the quantum well, and no blueshift is observed experimentally. To eliminate the blueshift and screen the electric field, we speculate that electrons in the quantum well are trapped in localized states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - DIODES
KW  - STARK effect
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12855008; Kapiar, R. J. 1; Email Address: rjkapla@sandia.gov Kurtz, S. R. 1 Koleske, D. D. 1 Fischer, A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p4905; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: STARK effect; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690100
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12855008&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, C. M.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Thomas, L. E.
AU  - Baer, D. R.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Duscher, G.
T1  - Precipitation of Au nanoclusters in SrTiO3 by ion implantation.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5060
EP  - 5068
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Gold nanoclusters dispersed in single-crystal SrTiO3 (STO) (001) have been prepared by ion implantation at both 300 and 975 K followed by annealing at 1275 K for 10 h. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-angle annular dark-field imaging in an aberration-corrected dedicated scanning TEM, and image simulations were used to study the morphology, size, and crystallographic orientation of the Au nanoclusters with respect to the STO matrix, as well as the interface structure between the Au nanoclusters and STO. Gold ion implantation at 300 K leads to amorphization of the STO surface layer, which is corrugated to form bumps and valleys on the surface. Annealing at 1275 K for 10 h leads to epitaxial recrystallization of the amorphized layer within which Au clusters of several nanometers and a narrow size distribution were formed. Implantation at 975 K and subsequent annealing produces much larger Au clusters ∼50 nm in diameter and a very wide size distribution. The precipitated Au clusters possess an epitaxial orientation with the STO, such that Au[001]//STO[001] and Au(100)//STO(100). The critical cluster size for transition from strain-matched interfaces to dislocation relaxed interfaces has been found to be ∼7 nm. Cavities formed by condensation of vacancies were faceted along {001} and {011} planes in the STO matrix. It is generally inferred that implantation below a critical temperature may lead to a finer Au cluster size. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - GOLD
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CONDENSATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12854981; Wang, C. M. 1; Email Address: chongmin.wang@pnl.gov Shutthanandan, V. 1 Zhang, Y. 1 Thomas, L. E. 1 Baer, D. R. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Duscher, G. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607.  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p5060; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CONDENSATION; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 10 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691187
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12854981&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritsyna, V.T.
AU  - Kazarinov, Yu. G.
AU  - Kobyakov, V.A.
AU  - Sickafus, K.E.
T1  - X-Ray Luminescence of Defects in Spinel Single Crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Applied Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 71
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 399
SN  - 00219037
AB  - The flareup of x‐ray luminescence in spinel single crystals (MgAl2O4) depending on the time of x‐ray irradiation and the decay of fluorescence depending on the time elapsed after the termination of irradiation have been investigated. These dependences were measured at different powers of the irradiation dose (power of the x‐ray tube) and at different temperatures of the samples. The experimental results suggest the existence of large‐size complexes of defects, which include antisite defects and impurity ions, the exchange of charge carriers between which during and after irradiation leads to luminescence of the impurity ions. Transfer of charge carriers between isolated elements of the pairs of antisite defects (not interacting with the impurity ions) leads to the formation of a competing channel of recombination luminescence in the UV region of the spectra. The decay of fluorescence attributable to transitions in the Mn2+ and Cr3+ ions depending on the time elapsed after the termination of x‐ray irradiation points to the existence of various combinations of antisite defects in the surroundings of these ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Spectroscopy is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPINEL
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - X-rays
KW  - luminescence center
KW  - magnesium‐aluminate spinel
KW  - magnesium-aluminate spinel
KW  - optical center
KW  - spatial distribution of traps
KW  - x‐ray luminescence
KW  - x-ray luminescence
N1  - Accession Number: 15193281; Gritsyna, V.T. 1; Email Address: gritsyna@pht.univer.kharkov.ua Kazarinov, Yu. G. 1 Kobyakov, V.A. 1 Sickafus, K.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Kharkov National University, 4 Svoboda Sq., Kharkov, 61077, Ukraine  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 71 Issue 3, p395; Subject Term: SPINEL; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: luminescence center; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnesium‐aluminate spinel; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnesium-aluminate spinel; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical center; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial distribution of traps; Author-Supplied Keyword: x‐ray luminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: x-ray luminescence; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steinwart, Ingo
T1  - Entropy of convex hulls—some Lorentz norm results
JO  - Journal of Approximation Theory
JF  - Journal of Approximation Theory
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 128
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 52
SN  - 00219045
AB  - Let <f>A</f> be a subset of a type <f>p</f> Banach space <f>E</f>, <f>1<p⩽2</f>, such that its entropy numbers satisfy <f>(#x03B5;n(A))n∈ℓq,s</f> for some <f>q,s∈(0,∞)</f>. We show <f>(en(aco A))n∈ℓr,s</f> for the dyadic entropy numbers of the absolutely convex hull <f>aco A</f> of <f>A</f>, where <f>r</f> is defined by <f>1/r=1/p′+1/q</f>. Furthermore, we show for slowly decreasing entropy numbers that <f>(en(A))n∈ℓq,s</f> implies <f>(en(aco A))n∈ℓp′,s</f> for all <f>0<s<∞</f> and <f>q</f> defined by <f>1/q=1/p′+1/s</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Approximation Theory is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - LORENTZ spaces
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Convex hulls
KW  - Entropy numbers
N1  - Accession Number: 13236052; Steinwart, Ingo 1; Email Address: ingo@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Computer and Computational Sciences Division, Modeling, Algorithms, and Informatics Group, CCS-3, Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition, Mail Stop B256, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1, p42; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: LORENTZ spaces; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convex hulls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Entropy numbers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jat.2004.04.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peters, Baron
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
AU  - Heyden, Andreas
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup
T1  - A growing string method for determining transition states: Comparison to the nudged elastic band and string methods.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 7877
EP  - 7886
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Interpolation methods such as the nudged elastic band and string methods are widely used for calculating minimum energy pathways and transition states for chemical reactions. Both methods require an initial guess for the reaction pathway. A poorly chosen initial guess can cause slow convergence, convergence to an incorrect pathway, or even failed electronic structure force calculations along the guessed pathway. This paper presents a growing string method that can find minimum energy pathways and transition states without the requirement of an initial guess for the pathway. The growing string begins as two string fragments, one associated with the reactants and the other with the products. Each string fragment is grown separately until the fragments converge. Once the two fragments join, the full string moves toward the minimum energy pathway according to the algorithm for the string method. This paper compares the growing string method to the string method and to the nudged elastic band method using the alanine dipeptide rearrangement as an example. In this example, for which the linearly interpolated guess is far from the minimum energy pathway, the growing string method finds the saddle point with significantly fewer electronic structure force calculations than the string method or the nudged elastic band method. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12817172; Peters, Baron 1 Bell, Alexis T. 1 Heyden, Andreas 2 Chakraborty, Arup 1,3,4,5; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany.  3: Department of Chemistry, university of California, Berkeley, California 94720  4: Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  5: Physical Biosciences and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 17, p7877; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campos, Isabel
AU  - Davenport, James W.
T1  - Numerical investigation of the 3D Hubbard model on a Linux cluster
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 196
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
SN  - 00219991
AB  - We investigate numerically the magnetic properties of the 3D Isotropic and Anisotropic Hubbard model at half-filling on a Linux cluster. The behavior of the transition temperature as a function of the anisotropic hopping parameter is qualitatively described. In the Isotropic model we measure the scaling properties of the susceptibility finding agreement with the magnetic critical exponents of the 3D Heisenberg model. We describe several particularities concerning the implementation of our simulation in a cluster of personal computers paying special attention to the issues related with the parallelization of the algorithm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUBBARD model
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 12780112; Campos, Isabel; Email Address: isabel.campos@lrz.muenchen.de Davenport, James W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Center for Data Intensive Computing, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 196 Issue 1, p88; Subject Term: HUBBARD model; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenough, J.A.
AU  - Rider, W.J.
T1  - A quantitative comparison of numerical methods for the compressible Euler equations: fifth-order WENO and piecewise-linear Godunov
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 196
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A numerical study is undertaken comparing a fifth-order version of the weighted essentially non-oscillatory numerical (WENO5) method to a modern piecewise-linear, second-order, version of Godunov''s (PLMDE) method for the compressible Euler equations. A series of one-dimensional test problems are examined beginning with classical linear problems and ending with complex shock interactions. The problems considered are: (1) linear advection of a Gaussian pulse in density, (2) Sod''s shock tube problem, (3) the “peak” shock tube problem, (4) a version of the Shu and Osher shock entropy wave interaction and (5) the Woodward and Colella interacting shock wave problem. For each problem and method, run times, density error norms and convergence rates are reported for each method as produced from a common code test-bed. The linear problem exhibits the advertised convergence rate for both methods as well as the expected large disparity in overall error levels; WENO5 has the smaller errors and an enormous advantage in overall efficiency (in accuracy per unit CPU time). For the nonlinear problems with discontinuities, however, we generally see both first-order self-convergence of error as compared to an exact solution, or when an analytic solution is not available, a converged solution generated on an extremely fine grid. The overall comparison of error levels shows some variation from problem to problem. For Sod''s shock tube, PLMDE has nearly half the error, while on the peak problem the errors are nearly the same. For the interacting blast wave problem the two methods again produce a similar level of error with a slight edge for the PLMDE. On the other hand, for the Shu–Osher problem, the errors are similar on the coarser grids, but favors WENO by a factor of nearly 1.5 on the finer grids used. In all cases holding mesh resolution constant though, PLMDE is less costly in terms of CPU time by approximately a factor of 6. If the CPU cost is taken as fixed, that is run times are equal for both numerical methods, then PLMDE uniformly produces lower errors than WENO for the fixed computation cost on the test problems considered here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EULER characteristic
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - PIECEWISE linear topology
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
N1  - Accession Number: 12780120; Greenough, J.A. 1; Email Address: greenough1@llnl.gov Rider, W.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: AX-Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, MS L-031, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Computer and Computational Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory MS D413, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 196 Issue 1, p259; Subject Term: EULER characteristic; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: PIECEWISE linear topology; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.11.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeWald, Adrian T.
AU  - Rankin, Jon E.
AU  - Hill, Michael R.
AU  - Schaffers, Kathleen I.
T1  - An improved cutting plan for removing laser amplifier slabs from Yb:S-FAP single crystals using residual stress measurement and finite element modeling
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 265
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 627
SN  - 00220248
AB  - This paper presents a measurement of the bulk residual stress distribution in a large single crystal boule and examines the residual stress redistribution during sectioning required to produce laser amplifier slabs. Experiments are currently under way to develop high-efficiency, diode-pumped laser systems that use Sr5(PO4)3F crystals doped with Yb3+ ions (called Yb:S-FAP) as the amplifying medium. The progress has been protracted since the cylindrical crystal boules have experienced an extremely high rate of fracture when they are cut to form rectangular amplifier slabs. It was hypothesized that fracture was caused by residual stresses acting in the presence of small chip-like defects generated by the cutting process. Attempts were made to measure the residual stress using X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, ultrasound, photo-elasticity, and the slitting method (also called crack compliance). The latter method turned out to be the most effective technique and it is presented here in detail. The measured residual stress field in the crystal boule closely resembled the result expected from a thermal process, with a maximum tensile stress of 50 MPa at the center of the crystal. Additionally, the experimental residual stresses were applied to a finite element model of the boule and various cutting plans were simulated to try and minimize the stresses acting along the edges of the cut. It was determined that a cut from only one side of the crystal boule and slightly off the central axis significantly reduced the stresses from the original cutting plan which used a two-sided cut through the center of the crystal. The modeling results showed that the maximum principal stress at the cut tip was reduced by 40% with the one-sided, off-center cutting plan, which would significantly reduce propensity for fracture during cutting. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - DIODES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - 62.20.Mk
KW  - A1. Computer simulation
KW  - A1. Fracture
KW  - A1. Residual stress measurement
KW  - A1. Slitting method
KW  - A1. Stresses
KW  - B3. Solid state lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 12838338; DeWald, Adrian T. 1,2; Email Address: atdewald@ucdavis.edu Rankin, Jon E. 2 Hill, Michael R. 1; Email Address: mrhill@ucdavis.edu Schaffers, Kathleen I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Laser Science and Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 265 Issue 3/4, p627; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 62.20.Mk; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Residual stress measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Slitting method; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: B3. Solid state lasers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.02.076
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogasawara, H.
AU  - Fukui, K.
AU  - Matsubara, M.
T1  - Polarization dependence of X-ray emission spectroscopy
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 136
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 166
SN  - 03682048
AB  - The polarization dependence of X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) is studied on the angle dependence of incident and emitted X-ray. The Kramers–Heisenberg formula is employed to describe the optical process. It is shown that the quantum mechanical interference effect is directly observable in magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra in a special geometrical configuration. It is also shown that by making use of the linearly polarized X-ray, information on the symmetry of ground states of materials is directly determinable from simple selection rules. Potential possibilities of X-ray spectrum with a polarized photon are demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - Magnetic circular dichroism
KW  - Polarized X-ray
KW  - X-ray emission spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13065428; Ogasawara, H. 1,2,3; Email Address: haruhiko@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp Fukui, K. 1,4 Matsubara, M. 1,5; Affiliation:  1: ISSP, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan  2: APS, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  4: School of Physics and Physics Research Division, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea  5: Institut de Physique et Chimie des Materiaux de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg 67034, France; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 136 Issue 1/2, p161; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic circular dichroism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarized X-ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray emission spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.143
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sauer, Nancy N.
AU  - Ehler, Deborah S.
AU  - Duran, Brandy L.
T1  - Lead Extraction from Contaminated Soil Using Water-Soluble Polymers.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 130
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 585
EP  - 588
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 07339372
AB  - The applicability of water-soluble polymers as extractants for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils has been explored using a lead-contaminated Superfund soil as a sample system. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was functionalized with bromo- or chloroacetic acid to give an aminocarboxylate chelating group, which effectively binds lead. The resulting polymer, PEIC, has extraction properties similar to the molecular chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. A series of studies was done to probe optimum conditions for lead extraction from soils obtained from the Cal-West Superfund site in New Mexico that contained approximately 10,000 ppm of Pb. In batch extraction experiments using polymer functionalized at two different levels, the polymers removed greater than 97% of the lead from the soils. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that the selective extraction of lead could be controlled by varying polymer functionalization levels. Concentration and regeneration of the polymers using ultrafiltration was also demonstrated. Release of lead from the polymer was accomplished by acidification to pH 1 with HCl. Subsequent ultrafiltration allowed recovery of the extractant polymer for reuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL remediation
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - HEAVY metals
KW  - SOIL pollution
KW  - LEAD
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Lead
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Soil pollution
N1  - Accession Number: 12861081; Sauer, Nancy N. 1 Ehler, Deborah S. 1 Duran, Brandy L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 130 Issue 5, p585; Subject Term: SOIL remediation; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: HEAVY metals; Subject Term: SOIL pollution; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil pollution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:5(585)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sohn, Michael D.
AU  - Mckone, Thomas E.
AU  - Blancato, Jerry N.
T1  - Reconstructing population exposures from dose biomarkers: inhalation of trichloroethylene (TCE) as a case study.
JO  - Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology
JF  - Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
EP  - 213
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 10534245
AB  - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a well-established toxicological tool designed to relate exposure to a target tissue dose. The emergence of federal and state programs for environmental health tracking and the availability of exposure monitoring through biomarkers creates the opportunity to apply PBPK models to estimate exposures to environmental contaminants from urine, blood, and tissue samples. However, reconstructing exposures for large populations is complicated by often having too few biomarker samples, large uncertainties about exposures, and large interindividual variability. In this paper, we use an illustrative case study to identify some of these difficulties, and for a process for confronting them by reconstructing population-scale exposures using Bayesian inference. The application consists of interpreting biomarker data from eight adult males with controlled exposures to trichloroethylene (TCE) as if the biomarkers were random samples from a large population with unknown exposure conditions. The TCE concentrations in blood from the individuals fell into two distinctly different groups even though the individuals were simultaneously in a single exposure chamber. We successfully reconstructed the exposure scenarios for both subgroups - although the reconstruction of one subgroup is different than what is believed to be the true experimental conditions. We were however unable to predict with high certainty the concentration of TCE in air.Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology (2004) 14, 204-213. doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500314 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Exposure Analysis & Environmental Epidemiology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - TRICHLOROETHYLENE
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - HEALTH risk assessment
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - CASE studies
KW  - Bayesian inference.
KW  - biomarkers
KW  - exposure assessment
KW  - PBPK modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 13079921; Sohn, Michael D. 1; Email Address: mdsohn@lbI.gov Mckone, Thomas E. 1,2 Blancato, Jerry N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.  2: University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.  3: National Exposure Research Laboratory, United State Environmental Protection Agency, La Vegas, Nevada 89193, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p204; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Subject Term: TRICHLOROETHYLENE; Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Subject Term: HEALTH risk assessment; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: CASE studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian inference.; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomarkers; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBPK modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.jea.7500314
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13079921&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacLeod, Matthew
AU  - Bennett, Deborah H.
AU  - Perem, Merike
AU  - Maddalena, Randy L.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Mackay, Don
T1  - Dependence of Intake Fraction on Release Location in a Multimedia Framework - A Case Study of Four Contaminants in North America.
JO  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
JF  - Journal of Industrial Ecology
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 102
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10881980
AB  - A defining feature of industrial ecology is the design of processes to minimize any disruption of the functioning of the natural ecosystem that supports life, including human beings. The extent of human exposure to anthropogenic contaminants in the environment is a complex function of the amount of chemical emitted, its physicochemical properties and reactivity, the nature of the environment, and the characteristics of the pathways for human exposure, such as inhalation, dermal contacts, and intake of food and water. For some chemicals, the location of emissions relative to areas of high population density or intense food production may also be an important factor. We explore the relative importance of these variables using the regionally segmented Berkeley-Trent (BETR) North America contaminant fate model and data for food production patterns and population density for North America. The model is applied to four contaminants emitted to air: benzene, carbon tetrachloride, benzo[a]pyrene, and 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin. The total continental intake fraction (iF), relating exposure quantity to emission quantity, is employed as a metric for assessing population exposure to these contaminants. Results show that the use of continentally averaged parameters for population density and food production provides an accurate estimate of the median of iF calculated for emissions in individual regions; however, iF can range from this median by up to 3 orders of magnitude, especially for chemicals transferred to humans through foods. The locations of population and food production relative to sources of chemicals are important variables that should be considered when assessing the possible human health impacts of chemical emissions as in life-cycle assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Industrial Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUSTRIAL ecology
KW  - ECOSYSTEM management
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - comparative impact assessment
KW  - dietary exposure pathway
KW  - exposure
KW  - HEALTH EFFECTS
KW  - MULTIMEDIA MODELING
KW  - site dependency
N1  - Accession Number: 15025595; MacLeod, Matthew 1; Email Address: mjmacleod@lbl.gov Bennett, Deborah H. 2 Perem, Merike 3 Maddalena, Randy L. 4 McKone, Thomas E. 5,6 Mackay, Don 7; Affiliation:  1: Postdoctoral fellow, Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  2: Assistant professor of environmental health and risk assessment, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts  3: Research associate, Canadian Environmental Modeling Centre, Trent University  4: Scientist, Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  5: Senior scientist, Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  6: Adjunct professor, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California  7: Director of the Canadian Environmental Modeling Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada; Source Info: Summer2004, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p89; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL ecology; Subject Term: ECOSYSTEM management; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: comparative impact assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: dietary exposure pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: HEALTH EFFECTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: MULTIMEDIA MODELING; Author-Supplied Keyword: site dependency; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/1088198042442360
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15025595&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Dehong
AU  - Micic, Miodrag
AU  - Klymyshyn, Nicholas
AU  - Suh, Yung Doug
AU  - Lu, H. Peter
T1  - Correlated topographic and spectroscopic imaging by combined atomic force microscopy and optical microscopy
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 107
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
SN  - 00222313
AB  - Near-field scanning microscopy is a powerful approach to obtain topographic and spectroscopic characterization simultaneously for imaging biological and nanoscale systems. To achieve optical imaging at high spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit, aperture-less metallic scanning tips have been utilized to enhance the laser illumination local electromagnetic field at the apex of the scanning tips. In this paper, we discuss and review our work on combined fluorescence imaging with AFM-metallic tip enhancement, finite element method simulation of the tip enhancement, and their applications on AFM-tip enhanced fluorescence lifetime imaging (AFM-FLIM) and correlated AFM and FLIM imaging of the living cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROSCOPIC imaging
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Fluorescence lifetime imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 12642586; Hu, Dehong 1 Micic, Miodrag 1 Klymyshyn, Nicholas 1 Suh, Yung Doug 1 Lu, H. Peter; Email Address: peter.lu@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Division, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 107 Issue 1-4, p4; Subject Term: SPECTROSCOPIC imaging; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence lifetime imaging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jlumin.2003.12.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, Riqiang
AU  - Hu, Jun
AU  - Cross, Timothy A.
T1  - Towards quantitative measurements in solid-state CPMAS NMR: A Lee–Goldburg frequency modulated cross-polarization scheme
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
SN  - 10907807
AB  - A new scheme combining a Lee–Goldburg (LG) sequence with frequency modulation is proposed for cross-polarization (LG-FMCP) in solid-state magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. During the CP contact time, the 1H magnetization is spin-locked along the magic angle by the LG sequence and the irradiation offset of the S spins (e.g., 15N) is modulated sinusoidally with a constant RF amplitude. It is shown experimentally that the LG sequence significantly lengthens the proton spin–lattice relaxation time in the tilted rotating frame and that the frequency modulation shortens the cross-polarization time for non-protonated S spins. As a result of substantially increasing the difference in these relaxation rates, the non-protonated and protonated S spins can be more efficiently and more uniformly polarized with a relatively long CP contact time, making quantitative CP measurements possible. A sample of 15N-<f>δ1</f>-l-histidine lyophilized from a solution of pH 6.3 and a 15N-<f>δ1</f>-l-His labeled transmembrane helical peptide in hydrated lipid bilayers were used to illustrate the advantages of this scheme. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - DIELECTRIC relaxation
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - Frequency modulated cross-polarization
KW  - Histidine
KW  - Lee–Goldburg sequence
KW  - M2 protein
KW  - Magic angle spinning
KW  - NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 12780250; Fu, Riqiang 1; Email Address: rfu@magnet.fsu.edu Hu, Jun 1,2 Cross, Timothy A. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 168 Issue 1, p8; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: DIELECTRIC relaxation; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency modulated cross-polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Histidine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lee–Goldburg sequence; Author-Supplied Keyword: M2 protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magic angle spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.01.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12780250&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Topgaard, Daniel
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - Self-diffusion measurements with chemical shift resolution in inhomogeneous magnetic fields
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
SN  - 10907807
AB  - A methodology for chemical shift resolved molecular self-diffusion measurements in time-independent static and radiofrequency field gradients is demonstrated. Diffusion encoding is provided by a stimulated echo sequence with additional <f>z</f>-storage that allows for a change of diffusion time without affecting the relaxation weighting. The signal is acquired stroboscopically between the pulses of a train of adiabatic double passages that induces a <f>z</f>-rotation counteracting the phase spread resulting from precession in the inhomogeneous static field, as demonstrated in recent approaches to the goal of high-resolution “ex situ” NMR. Simulations of the pulse sequence show that the acquired signal results from the desired coherence pathway. Successful demonstrations of the experiment were performed on a mixture of water and isopropanol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - RADIO measurements
KW  - INHOMOGENEOUS materials
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - Adiabatic pulses
KW  - Chemical shift
KW  - Inhomogeneous magnetic fields
KW  - Self-diffusion
KW  - Stimulated echo
N1  - Accession Number: 12780252; Topgaard, Daniel; Email Address: daniel.topgaard@fkem1.lu.se Pines, Alexander 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 168 Issue 1, p31; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: RADIO measurements; Subject Term: INHOMOGENEOUS materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adiabatic pulses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhomogeneous magnetic fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stimulated echo; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.01.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipton, Andrew S.
AU  - Heck, Robert W.
AU  - Sears, Jesse A.
AU  - Ellis, Paul D.
T1  - Low temperature solid-state NMR experiments of half-integer quadrupolar nuclides: caveats and data analysis
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
SN  - 10907807
AB  - Solid-state NMR spectroscopy of half-integer quadrupolar nuclides has received a lot of interest recently with the advent of new methodologies and higher magnetic fields. We present here the extension of our previous low temperature method to an 18.8 T system. This new probe entailed a total redesign including a cross coil and variable capacitors that are operational at cryogenic temperatures. The limitations to sensitivity are also discussed; including a new diode network, the utilization of a cryogenic band pass filter, and the consequences of the RF profiles of the coil. Further, details of the spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei in a protein are discussed, such as the observation of the outer transitions and how to distinguish them from the desired ±1/2 transition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - ELECTRIC power supplies to apparatus
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12780256; Lipton, Andrew S. 1 Heck, Robert W. 1 Sears, Jesse A. 1 Ellis, Paul D.; Email Address: paul.ellis@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Macromolecular Structure and Dynamics Directorate, WR Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 168 Issue 1, p66; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power supplies to apparatus; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.01.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12780256&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Hyeongnam
AU  - Cross, Timothy A.
AU  - Fu, Riqiang
T1  - Cross-polarization schemes for peptide samples oriented in hydrated phospholipid bilayers
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
SN  - 10907807
AB  - Continuous-wave, ramped amplitude, and frequency modulated cross-polarization schemes (abbreviated as CWCP, RACP, and FMCP, respectively) are evaluated for static samples in anisotropic phases, such as peptides oriented in lipid environments. It is shown experimentally that both RACP and FMCP give rise to 20% higher polarized signal intensity in comparison to CWCP. The CP matching bandwidths for CWCP and RACP are about the same. Because of its adiabaticity, FMCP has a much broader CP matching bandwidth than CWCP and RACP. In addition, the 15N RF amplitude used at the center of the FMCP matching profile is much lower than that of the CWCP and RACP matching profiles. A sample of [15N]Leu4 labeled gramicidin A oriented in lipid bilayers was used to demonstrate these experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - AMPLITUDE modulation
KW  - MODULATION (Electronics)
KW  - Aligned lipid bilayers
KW  - Frequency modulated CP
KW  - Peptide
KW  - Ramped amplitude CP
KW  - Solid-state NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 12780266; Kim, Hyeongnam 1,2 Cross, Timothy A. 1,2,3 Fu, Riqiang 1; Email Address: rfu@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, Florida State University, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 168 Issue 1, p147; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: AMPLITUDE modulation; Subject Term: MODULATION (Electronics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aligned lipid bilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency modulated CP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peptide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ramped amplitude CP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state NMR; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.02.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dutilh, Bas E.
AU  - Huynen, Martijn A.
AU  - Bruno, William J.
AU  - Snel, Berend
T1  - The Consistent Phylogenetic Signal in Genome Trees Revealed by Reducing the Impact of Noise.
JO  - Journal of Molecular Evolution
JF  - Journal of Molecular Evolution
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 58
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
EP  - 539
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222844
AB  - Phylogenetic trees based on gene repertoires are remarkably similar to the current consensus of life history. Yet it has been argued that shared gene content is unreliable for phylogenetic reconstruction because of convergence in gene content due to horizontal gene transfer and parallel gene loss. Here we test this argument, by filtering out as noise those orthologous groups that have an inconsistent phylogenetic distribution, using two independent methods. The resulting phylogenies do indeed contain small but significant improvements. More importantly, we find that the majority of orthologous groups contain some phylogenetic signal and that the resulting phylogeny is the only detectable signal present in the gene distribution across genomes. Horizontal gene transfer or parallel gene loss does not cause systematic biases in the gene content tree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Evolution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - Character weighting
KW  - Gene loss
KW  - Genome evolution
KW  - Genome phylogeny
KW  - Horizontal gene transfer
KW  - Thermophilic Bacteria
N1  - Accession Number: 16766850; Dutilh, Bas E. 1; Email Address: dutilh@cmbi.kun.nl Huynen, Martijn A. 1 Bruno, William J. 2 Snel, Berend 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics/Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.  2: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p527; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Character weighting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genome evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genome phylogeny; Author-Supplied Keyword: Horizontal gene transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermophilic Bacteria; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00239-003-2575-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Okita, T.
AU  - Wolfer, W.G.
T1  - A critical test of the classical rate theory for void swelling
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 327
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 130
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Complete sets of microstructural data have recently become available for two different irradiation times and for pure ternary alloys of austenitic stainless steels. Using these data as input to the classical rate theory of void swelling, swelling rates are computed and compared with the experimental data. Computations are performed for the ranges of physical parameters as suggested by experimental measurements or basic theory. It is found that classical rate theory predicts swelling rates in remarkably good agreement with the data for a limited set of parameter values. For example, dislocation bias factor ratios can be narrowed from the initial range of 1.1–2.0 down to the range of 1.25–1.55. An explanation is provided for the success of classical rate theory in spite of the fact that a significant fraction of interstitials form and migrate as clusters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 12743080; Okita, T.; Email Address: okita1@llnl.gov Wolfer, W.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550-0808, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 327 Issue 2/3, p130; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.01.026
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12743080&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heinisch, H.L.
AU  - Greenwood, L.R.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Williford, R.E.
T1  - Displacement damage in silicon carbide irradiated in fission reactors
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 327
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Calculations are performed for displacement damage in SiC due to irradiation in the neutron environments of various types of nuclear reactors using the best available models and nuclear data. The displacement damage calculations use recently developed damage functions for SiC that are based on extensive molecular dynamics simulations of displacement events. Displacements per atom (DPA) cross sections for SiC have been calculated as a function of neutron energy, and they are presented here in tabular form to facilitate their use as the standard measure of displacement damage for irradiated SiC. DPA cross sections averaged over the neutron energy spectrum are calculated for neutron spectra in the cores of typical commercial reactors and in the test sample irradiation regions of several materials test reactors used in both past and present irradiation testing. Particular attention is focused on a next-generation high-temperature gas-cooled pebble bed reactor, for which the high-temperature properties of silicon carbide fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites are well suited. Calculated transmutations and activation levels in a pebble bed reactor are compared to those in other reactors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 12743086; Heinisch, H.L.; Email Address: hl.heinisch@pnl.gov Greenwood, L.R. 1 Weber, W.J. 1 Williford, R.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 327 Issue 2/3, p175; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.02.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanxin Wang
AU  - Voy, Brynn Jones
AU  - Urs, Sumithra
AU  - Suyeon Kim
AU  - Soltani-Bejnood, Morvarid
AU  - Quiley, Neil
AU  - Young-Ran Heo
AU  - Standridge, Melissa
AU  - Andersen, Bret
AU  - Dhar, Madhu
AU  - Joshi, Rashika
AU  - Worthman, Patrick
AU  - Talor, James W.
AU  - Chun, Joseph
AU  - Leuze, Michael
AU  - Claycombe, Kate
AU  - Saxton, Arnold M.
AU  - Moustaid-Moussa, Naima
T1  - The Human Fatty Acid Synthase Gene and De Novo Lipogenesis Are Coordinately Regulated in Human Adipose Tissue.
JO  - Journal of Nutrition
JF  - Journal of Nutrition
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 134
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1032
EP  - 1038
SN  - 00223166
AB  - Polyphenolic components of green tea, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have potent anti-inflammatory properties. We previously showed that EGCG inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated activation of the nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB) pathway, partly through inhibition of IKB kinase (IKK). The NF-KB pathway may also be activated in response to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) stimulation through a distinct signal transduction pathway. We therefore hypothesized that EGCG inhibits IL-1β-mediated activation of the NF-KB pathway. Because the gene expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), the major human neutrophil chemoattractant, is dependent on activation of NF-KB, IL-8 gene expression in human lung epithelial (A549) cells treated with human IL-1β was used as a model of IL-1β signal transduction. The EGCG markedly inhibited IL-1β-mediated IL-1β receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) degradation and the signaling events downstream from IRAK degradation: IKK activation, IKBα degradation, and NF-KB activation. In addition, EGCG inhibited phosphorylation of the p65 subunit of NF-KB. The functional consequence of this inhibition was evident by inhibition of IL-8 gene expression. Therefore, the green tea polyphenol EGCG is a potent inhibitor of IL-1β signal transduction in vitro. The proximal mechanisms of this effect involve inhibition of IRAK-dependent signaling and phosphorylation of p65. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - LINOLEIC acid
KW  - INSULIN
KW  - GENES
KW  - TUMOR necrosis factor
KW  - ADIPOSE tissues
KW  - chemokines
KW  - inflammation
KW  - polyphenols
KW  - signal transduction
KW  - transcription factors
N1  - Accession Number: 13228391; Yanxin Wang 1 Voy, Brynn Jones 2 Urs, Sumithra 1 Suyeon Kim 1 Soltani-Bejnood, Morvarid 1 Quiley, Neil 1 Young-Ran Heo 1 Standridge, Melissa 1 Andersen, Bret 1 Dhar, Madhu 2 Joshi, Rashika 1 Worthman, Patrick 1 Talor, James W. 3 Chun, Joseph 3 Leuze, Michael 4 Claycombe, Kate 5 Saxton, Arnold M. 6 Moustaid-Moussa, Naima 1; Email Address: moustaid@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nutrition and Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1920  2: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  3: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, TN  4: Computer Science and  Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  5: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI  6: Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 134 Issue 5, p1032; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Subject Term: LINOLEIC acid; Subject Term: INSULIN; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: TUMOR necrosis factor; Subject Term: ADIPOSE tissues; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemokines; Author-Supplied Keyword: inflammation; Author-Supplied Keyword: polyphenols; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal transduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcription factors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pannell, Michael A.
AU  - Brandt, Michael T.
AU  - Boatright, Daniel T.
T1  - A Field Evaluation of the Predictive Value of a Hand-Held Drum Pressure Detection Device.
JO  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 1
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 323
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 15459624
AB  - According to Environmental Protection Agency estimates, 20% of hazardous waste drums currently managed in the 6500 known, uncontrolled Superfund removal or remediation sites contain some degree of elevated internal pressurization. This estimate increases to 90% during the summer months, and, overall, up to 5% of the drums stored in active treatment, storage, and disposal facilities may be pressurized. The ability to identify pressurized drums in real-time would enhance worker health and safety, reduce the potential for environmental contamination, and minimize property damage. A prototype hand-held drum pressure detection device was field tested at an active Resource Conservation and Recovery Act mixed waste operation using acoustic resonance spectroscopy technology to identify pressurized drums. The waste operation used a drum venting system that measured the actual drum pressure of retrieved drums. Drum venting system data were analyzed to quantify the ability of the drum pressure detection device to correctly identify drums with elevated internal pressure. After 456 drums were measured, the dichotomous pressure data (pressurized vs. nonpressurized) were analyzed. The relationship between the drum venting system and drum pressure detection device pressure data was found to be statistically significant. With alpha and beta values of 0.05, the negative predictive value was 0.94, the positive predictive value was 0.47, the sensitivity was 0.82, and the specificity was 0.77. Although capable of identifying nonpressurized drums, this instrument may not be appropriate for general use. Study results and critical improvements necessary to improve the instrument's predictive value, specificity, and sensitivity are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - Environmental remediation
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Industrial hygiene
KW  - Industrial safety
KW  - United States
KW  - acoustic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - drum pressure prediction
KW  - drum pressurization
KW  - United States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 13238940; Pannell, Michael A. 1; Email Address: mikep@lanl.gov; Brandt, Michael T. 1; Boatright, Daniel T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; 2: University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 1 Issue 5, p319; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous wastes; Thesaurus Term: Environmental remediation; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Industrial hygiene; Thesaurus Term: Industrial safety; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: acoustic resonance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: drum pressure prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: drum pressurization ; Company/Entity: United States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sorescu, Monica
AU  - Diamandescu, L.
AU  - Tarabasanu-Mihaila, D.
AU  - Teodorescu, V.S.
AU  - Howard, B.H.
T1  - Hydrothermal synthesis and structural characterization of (1−x)α-Fe2O3–xSnO2 nanoparticles
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 65
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1021
SN  - 00223697
AB  - Structural and morphological characteristics of (1−x)α-Fe2O3–xSnO2 <f>(x=0.0–1.0)</f> nanoparticles obtained under hydrothermal conditions have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as energy dispersive X-ray analysis. On the basis of the Rietveld structure refinements of the XRD spectra at low tin concentrations, it was found that Sn4+ ions partially substitute for Fe3+ at the octahedral sites and also occupy the interstitial octahedral sites which are vacant in α-Fe2O3 corundum structure. A phase separation of α-Fe2O3 and SnO2 was observed for <f>x≥0.4:</f> the α-Fe2O3 structure containing tin decreases simultaneously with the increase of the SnO2 phase containing substitutional iron ions. The mean particle dimension decreases from 70 to 6 nm, as the molar fraction <f>x</f> increases up to <f>x=1.0.</f> The estimated solubility limits in the nanoparticle system (1−x)α-Fe2O3–xSnO2 synthesized under hydrothermal conditions are: <f>x≤0.2</f> for Sn4+ in α-Fe2O3 and <f>x≥0.7</f> for Fe3+ in SnO2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - A. Magnetic materials
KW  - B. Chemical synthesis
KW  - C. Mössbauer spectroscopy
KW  - C. X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12433270; Sorescu, Monica 1; Email Address: sorescu@duq.edu Diamandescu, L. 1,2 Tarabasanu-Mihaila, D. 2 Teodorescu, V.S. 2 Howard, B.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Bayer School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Duquesne University, 211 Bayer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15282-0321, USA  2: National Institute for Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Bucharest, Romania  3: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Fuels and Process Chemistry Division, US Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 65 Issue 5, p1021; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Magnetic materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Chemical synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Mössbauer spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpcs.2003.10.062
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Johnston, Roger G.
T1  - Adversarial safety analysis: Borrowing the methods of security vulnerability assessments
JO  - Journal of Safety Research
JF  - Journal of Safety Research
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 245
EP  - 248
SN  - 00224375
AB  - Introduction: Safety and security share numerous attributes. The author, who heads the (Security) Vulnerability Assessment Team at Los Alamos National Laboratory, therefore argues that techniques used to optimize security might be useful for optimizing safety. Optimizing Security: There are three main ways to attempt to improve security—security surveys, risk assessment (or “design basis threat”), and vulnerability assessments. The latter is usually the most effective. Safety Analogs: Vulnerability assessment techniques used to improve security can be applied to safety analysis—even though safety is not ordinarily viewed as having malicious adversaries (other than hazards involving deliberate sabotage). Thinking like a malicious adversary can nevertheless have benefits in identifying safety vulnerabilities. Suggestions: The attributes of an effective safety vulnerability assessment are discussed, and recommendations are offered for how such an adversarial assessment might work. Conclusion: A safety vulnerability assessment can potentially provide new insights, a fresh and vivid perspective on safety hazards, and increased safety awareness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Safety Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Safety
KW  - Research
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Psychology of safety
KW  - Safety evaluations
KW  - Security
KW  - Vulnerability assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 14109393; Johnston, Roger G. 1; Email Address: rogerj@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Vulnerability Assessment Team, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J565, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p245; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Safety; Thesaurus Term: Research; Subject Term: Laboratories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Psychology of safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safety evaluations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Security; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vulnerability assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.jsr.2004.03.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hendron, Robert
AU  - Farrar-Nagy, Sara
AU  - Anderson, Ren
AU  - Reeves, Paul
AU  - Hancock, Ed
T1  - Thermal Performance of Unvented Attics of Hot-Dry Climates: Results from Building America.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 126
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 732
EP  - 737
SN  - 01996231
AB  - As unvented attics have become a more common design feature implemented by Building America partners in hot-dry climates of the United States, more attention has been focused on how this approach affects heating and cooling energy consumption. By eliminating the ridge and eave vents that circulate outside air through the attic in most new houses and by moving the insulation from the attic floor to the underside of the roof, an unvented attic becomes a semiconditioned space, creating a more benign environment for space conditioning ducts. An energy trade-off is made, however, because the additional surface area (and perhaps reduced insulation thickness) increases the building loss coefficient. Other advantages and disadvantages, unrelated to energy, must also be considered. This paper addresses the energy-related effects of unvented attics in hot-dry climates based on field testing and analysis conducted by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATTICS
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - ARCHITECTURE & climate
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - AIR conditioning
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13230775; Hendron, Robert 1 Farrar-Nagy, Sara 1 Anderson, Ren 1 Reeves, Paul 2 Hancock, Ed 3; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393  2: Partnership for Resource Conservation, 1221 Pearl Street, Boulder, CO 80302  3: Mountain Energy Partnership, 815 Alpine Ave. #6, Boulder, CO 80304; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 126 Issue 2, p732; Subject Term: ATTICS; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURE & climate; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: AIR conditioning; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1687795
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barley, C. Dennis
AU  - Torcellini, Paul
AU  - van Geet, Otto
T1  - Design and Performance of the Van Geet Off-Grid Home.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 126
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 738
EP  - 743
SN  - 01996231
AB  - The Van Geet home near Denver, Colorado, demonstrates the successful integration of energy conservation measures and renewable energy supply in a beautiful, comfortable, energy-efficient, 295-m² (3,176-ft²) off-grid home in a cold, sunny climate. Features include a tight envelope, energy-efficient appliances, passive solar heating (direct gain and Trombe wall), natural cooling, solar hot water, and photovoltaics. In addition to describing this house and its performance, this paper describes the recommended design process of (1) setting a goal for energy efficiency at the outset, (2) applying rules of thumb, and (3) using computer simulation to fine-tune the design. Performance monitoring and computer simulation are combined for the best possible analysis of energy performance. In this case, energy savings are estimated as 89% heating and cooling (compared to 95 MEC), 83% electrical, and nearly 100% domestic water heating. The heating and cooling energy use is 8.96 kJ/°C · day · m² (0.44 Btu/°F ·day · fft²). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DWELLINGS -- Energy conservation
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - SOLAR heating
KW  - DENVER (Colo.)
KW  - COLORADO
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13230776; Barley, C. Dennis 1 Torcellini, Paul 1 van Geet, Otto 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd. MS 2722, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 126 Issue 2, p738; Subject Term: DWELLINGS -- Energy conservation; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: DESIGN; Subject Term: SOLAR heating; Subject Term: DENVER (Colo.); Subject Term: COLORADO; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1644560
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yonker, Clement R.
AU  - Linehan, John C.
T1  - A high-pressure NMR investigation of reaction chemistries in a simple salt hydrate
JO  - Journal of Supercritical Fluids
JF  - Journal of Supercritical Fluids
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
SN  - 08968446
AB  - Ionic liquids are currently being used in combination with supercritical fluids for catalytic reactions due to the ease of extraction of reaction products by fluids from such bi-phasic systems. In this investigation we report interesting chemistry involving a simple salt hydrate, tetramethylammonium fluoride tetrahydrate, [(CH3)4N]F·4H2O, as a neat melt and dissolved in methanol in contact with supercritical and subcritical CO2. This hydrate is proposed as a simulant for more complex ionic liquids, to investigate any potential secondary reaction chemistry in these solvent systems with carbon dioxide. Evidence is presented for the formation of methylcarbonate, CH3O(C&z.dbnd6;O)O−, and fluoromethane, CH3F, in solution when the salt hydrate is in contact with methanol and CO2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Supercritical Fluids is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - High-pressure NMR
KW  - Ionic liquid
KW  - Methylcarbonate
KW  - Salt hydrate
KW  - Supercritical fluids
N1  - Accession Number: 12839664; Yonker, Clement R.; Email Address: clem.yonker@pnl.gov Linehan, John C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p257; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-pressure NMR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic liquid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methylcarbonate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salt hydrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercritical fluids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0896-8446(03)00089-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marcus, Matthew A.
AU  - MacDowell, Alastair A.
AU  - Celestre, Richard
AU  - Manceau, Alain
AU  - Miller, Tom
AU  - Padmore, Howard A.
AU  - Sublett, Robert E.
T1  - Beamline 10.3.2 ALS: a hard X-ray microprobe for environmental and materials sciences.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 247
SN  - 09090495
AB  - Beamline 10.3.2 at the ALS is a bend-magnet line designed mostly for work on environmental problems involving heavy-metal speciation and location. It offers a unique combination of X-ray fluorescence mapping, X-ray microspectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction. The optics allow the user to trade spot size for flux in a size range of 5-17 µm in an energy range of 3-17 keV. The focusing uses a Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror pair to image a variable-size virtual source onto the sample. Thus, the user can reduce the effective size of the source, thereby reducing the spot size on the sample, at the cost of flux. This decoupling from the actual source also allows for some independence from source motion. The X-ray fluorescence mapping is performed with a continuously scanning stage which avoids the time overhead incurred by step-and-repeat mapping schemes. The special features of this beamline are described, and some scientific results shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - HEAVY metals
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - microfluorescence
KW  - microspectroscopy
KW  - X-ray instrumentation
N1  - Accession Number: 13235540; Marcus, Matthew A. 1; Email Address: mamarcus@lbl.gov MacDowell, Alastair A. 1 Celestre, Richard 1 Manceau, Alain 2 Miller, Tom 1 Padmore, Howard A. 1 Sublett, Robert E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  2: Environmental Geochemistry Group, LGIT, Universtiy J. Fourier and CNRS, France; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p239; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: HEAVY metals; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: microfluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: microspectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray instrumentation; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 8 Diagrams, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049504005837
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geller, D. A.
AU  - Swift, G. W.
T1  - Thermoacoustic enrichment of the isotopes of neon.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 115
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2059
EP  - 2070
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The enrichment of the neon isotopes in a thermoacoustic device is demonstrated. Because the thermal diffusion ratio of neon is small, an apparatus longer than a wavelength was necessary in order to easily observe the separation. The device was modular and extensible, so that arbitrarily large separations could in principle be obtained. The acoustic duct was a series of multiple, identical quarter-wavelength modules with side-branch drivers. In this way, waveforms close to that of a traveling wave were maintained in the duct, despite the high acoustic attenuation caused by the duct's small diameter and large length. The concentrations of the isotopes were measured at one end of the duct using a quadrupole mass spectrometer. For the operating frequency of 227 Hz, the maximum separation gradient obtained was 0.43%/m, and mole fluxes at zero gradient as high as 3 nmol/s were observed. Effects of turbulence, though not observed, are also discussed, and the scaling properties of this method are compared with those of traditional mixture-separation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NEON
KW  - SOUND
KW  - WAVELENGTHS
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 20827414; Geller, D. A. 1 Swift, G. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 115 Issue 5, p2059; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NEON; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: WAVELENGTHS; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1687831
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bartolomé, J.F.
AU  - Díaz, M.
AU  - Moya, J.S.
AU  - Saiz, E.
AU  - Tomsia, A.P.
T1  - Mullite/Mo interfaces formed by intrusion bonding
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 785
SN  - 09552219
AB  - The microstructure and strength of Mo/mullite interfaces formed by diffusion bonding at 1650 °C has been analyzed. Interfacial metal–ceramic interlocking contributes to flexural strength of ∼140 MPa as measured by three-point bending. Saturation of mullite with MoO2 does not affect the interfacial strength. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULLITE
KW  - SILICATE minerals
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - Diffusion bonding
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Mullite/Mo
N1  - Accession Number: 11321275; Bartolomé, J.F. 1 Díaz, M. 1 Moya, J.S. 1 Saiz, E. 2; Email Address: esaiz@lbl.gov Tomsia, A.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: lnstituto de Ciencia de Materiales—CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p785; Subject Term: MULLITE; Subject Term: SILICATE minerals; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mullite/Mo; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00339-X
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Arellano-López, A.R.
AU  - Martínez-Fernández, J.
AU  - Varela-Feria, F.M.
AU  - Orlova, T.S.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, F.
AU  - Chen, Nan
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
T1  - Erosion and strength degradation of biomorphic SiC
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
SN  - 09552219
AB  - Solid-particle-erosion studies were conducted on biomorphic SiC based on eucalyptus and pine, reaction-bonded (RB) SiC, and hot-pressed (HP) SiC. The erodents were angular SiC abrasives of average diameter 63, 143, or 390 μm and the impact velocity was 100 m s−1. Impact occurred at normal incidence. Material loss in all targets occurred by brittle fracture. The biomorphic specimens eroded by formation of both lateral and radial cracks and their erosion rates were higher than both conventional SiCs. The RB SiC eroded as a classic brittle material, by formation and propagation of lateral cracks. The HP SiC, the hardest target, was the most erosion resistant. In erosion of the HP SiC, the abrasive particles, especially the largest ones, fragmented upon impact. The resulting dissipation of energy led to relatively low erosion rates. Flexural strength before and after erosion was measured for the biomorphic eucalyptus, RB SiC, and HP SiC. Erosion damage reduced the flexural strengths of all of the specimens. The relative strength reductions were lowest for the biomorphic eucalyptus and highest for the HP SiC. The hot-pressed SiC responded as predicted by accepted models of impact damage in brittle solids. The responses of the biomorphic and reaction-bonded SiC specimens were modeled as if they consisted of only SiC and porosity. This approximation agreed reasonably well with observed degradations of strength. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - CARBIDES
KW  - EUCALYPTUS
KW  - PINE
KW  - Biomorphic materials
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Porosity
KW  - SiC
KW  - Strength
KW  - Wood
N1  - Accession Number: 11321286; de Arellano-López, A.R. 1; Email Address: aral@us.es Martínez-Fernández, J. 1 Varela-Feria, F.M. 1 Orlova, T.S. 2 Goretta, K.C. 3 Gutierrez-Mora, F. 3 Chen, Nan 3 Routbort, J.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, PO Box 1065, E-41080 Seville, Spain  2: Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  3: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p861; Subject Term: BIODEGRADATION; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: CARBIDES; Subject Term: EUCALYPTUS; Subject Term: PINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomorphic materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wood; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00321-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mulholland, Patrick J.
AU  - Valett, H. Maurice
AU  - Webster, Jackson R.
AU  - Thomas, Steven A.
AU  - Cooper, Lee W.
AU  - Hamilton, Stephen K.
AU  - Peterson, Bruce J.
T1  - Stream denitrification and total nitrate uptake rates measured using a field 15 tracer addition approach.
JO  - Limnology & Oceanography
JF  - Limnology & Oceanography
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 809
EP  - 820
SN  - 00243590
AB  - We measured denitrification and total nitrate uptake rates in a small stream (East Fork of  Walker Branch in eastern Tennessee) using a new field 15N tracer addition and modeling approach that  quantifies these rates for entire stream reaches. The field experiment consisted of an 8-h addition of 99 atom%  K15NO3 and a conservative solute tracer. Two 15N tracer addition experiments were performed on consecutive days, the first  under ambient NO3- concentrations (23 µg N L-1) and the second with a NO3- addition of  approximately 500 µg N L-1. We fit first-order NO3- uptake and two-box denitrification models to the longitudinal measurements of tracer  15N in dissolved NO3- N2, and N2O in stream water to determine rates. Total NO3- uptake  rates were 0.028 m-1 (0.32 µg N m-2s-1) and 0.01 m-1(1.6 µg N m-2s-1) under ambient NO3- and with NO- addition, respectively. Denitrification rates were 0.0046 m-1 (uncertainty range of 0.002 to 0.008 m-1) and 9 x 10-5  m-1 (uncertainty range of 3 x 10-5 to 21 x 10-5 m- 1) under ambient NO3- and with NO3- addition,  respectively. Denitrification resulted almost exclusively in N2 production (>99%) and comprised about 16% (±10%) of total NO3- uptake  rate under ambient NO3- concentrations and about 1% (±1%) of total NO3- uptake rate with NO3- addition. Denitrification rate expressed on a mass flux basis was about 12 µmol m-2... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Limnology & Oceanography is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENITRIFICATION
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - FIELD work (Research)
KW  - GROUNDWATER tracers
KW  - RIVERS
N1  - Accession Number: 13633793; Mulholland, Patrick J. 1; Email Address: mulhollandpj@ornl.gov Valett, H. Maurice 2 Webster, Jackson R. 2 Thomas, Steven A. 2,3 Cooper, Lee W. 4 Hamilton, Stephen K. 5 Peterson, Bruce J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036  2: Department of Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061  3: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Corson Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853-2701  4: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  37996  5: W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan 49060-9516  6: Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 49 Issue 3, p809; Subject Term: DENITRIFICATION; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: FIELD work (Research); Subject Term: GROUNDWATER tracers; Subject Term: RIVERS; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moré, Jorge J.
AU  - Munson, Todd S.
T1  - Computing mountain passes and transition states.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 100
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 182
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - The mountain-pass theorem guarantees the existence of a critical point on a path that connects two points separated by a sufficiently high barrier. We propose the elastic string algorithm for computing mountain passes in finite-dimensional problems and analyze the convergence properties and numerical performance of this algorithm for benchmark problems in chemistry and discretizations of infinite-dimensional variational problems. We show that any limit point of the elastic string algorithm is a path that crosses a critical point at which the Hessian matrix is not positive definite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOUNTAIN pass theorem
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - COMPUTER programming
KW  - HESSIAN fly
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - CRITICAL point theory (Mathematical analysis)
N1  - Accession Number: 12735857; Moré, Jorge J. 1; Email Address: more@mcs.anl.gov Munson, Todd S. 2; Email Address: tmunson@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Munson: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 100 Issue 1, p151; Subject Term: MOUNTAIN pass theorem; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: COMPUTER programming; Subject Term: HESSIAN fly; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: CRITICAL point theory (Mathematical analysis); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; Number of Pages: 32p; Illustrations: 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-003-0489-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winters, S. E.
AU  - Chung, J. H.
AU  - Velinsky, S. A.
T1  - Dynamic Modeling and Control of a Deformable Mirror.
JO  - Mechanics Based Design of Structures & Machines
JF  - Mechanics Based Design of Structures & Machines
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
EP  - 213
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 15397734
AB  - This article concerns the modeling and control of a deformable mirror. A dynamic model was derived and verified experimentally for the development of a surface shape-control approach. The model developed was reduced for realistic controller design based on the symmetrical structure of the mirror system but included the compliance components and the first natural mode of the system. Then, multi-input multi-output controllers were designed based on a classical method and the H∞ optimal control method. Simulations demonstrated the superior performance of the H∞ controller in terms of robustness and disturbance rejection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics Based Design of Structures & Machines is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MIRRORS
KW  - SYMMETRY
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ROBUST control
KW  - adaptive optics
KW  - robust control
KW  - surface shape control
N1  - Accession Number: 12773352; Winters, S. E. 1 Chung, J. H. 2 Velinsky, S. A. 3; Email Address: savelinsky@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA  3: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p195; Subject Term: MIRRORS; Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ROBUST control; Author-Supplied Keyword: adaptive optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: robust control; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface shape control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414390 Other home furnishings merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SME-120030557
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Narang, R.
AU  - Dunbar, J.
T1  - Modeling Bacterial Species Abundance from Small Community Surveys.
JO  - Microbial Ecology
JF  - Microbial Ecology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 47
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 396
EP  - 406
SN  - 00953628
AB  - Taxon abundance patterns are a central focus in evolution and ecology, providing the basic architecture of natural assemblages and potential clues to their formative processes. To better interpret species abundance patterns in natural microbial communities, we examined the consequences of three fundamental types of abundance patterns--uniform, geometric, and lognormal distributions. Theoretical communities were constructed based on the three pattern types with 2000 to 20,000 species and 107 to 1010 individuals. The "dominant" species (species 1) among models that differed only in pattern type generally varied in abundance by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude. At the extremes among all the models examined, the dominant species comprised as much as 16% and as little as 0.005% of the total community. Analysis of the models and comparison with seven published surveys suggests that entire soil bacterial communities do not routinely exhibit Preston's cannonical subset of lognormal distributions. Use of the models to evaluate survey limitations showed that common diversity indices are generally sensitive to sample size over the range (50 to 200 clones) commonly used for microbial communities, emphasizing the need to compare surveys of similar size. The results collectively demonstrate that uniform, geometric, and lognormal distributions have profoundly different experimental and ecological consequences. Further, defined abundance models provide a simple quantitative tool for evaluating abundance patterns in clone libraries (even small ones) from natural communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbial Ecology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - BACTERIA
N1  - Accession Number: 13864247; Narang, R. 1 Dunbar, J. 1; Email Address: dunbar@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 47 Issue 4, p396; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00248-003-1026-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lamerdin, Jane E.
AU  - Yamada, Nazumi A.
AU  - George, James W.
AU  - Souza, Brian
AU  - Christian, Allen T.
AU  - Jones, Nigel J.
AU  - Thompson, Larry H.
T1  - Characterization of the hamster FancG/Xrcc9 gene and mutations in CHO UV40 and NM3†.
JO  - Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
EP  - 244
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 02678357
AB  - The human FANCG/XRCC9 gene, which is defective in Fanconi anemia complementation group G (FA‐G) cells, was first cloned by genetic complementation of the mitomycin C (MMC) sensitivity of CHO mutant UV40. The CHO NM3 mutant was subsequently assigned to the same complementation group. The parental AA8 CHO cells are hemizygous at the FancG locus, and we identified frameshift mutations that result in N‐terminal truncations of the protein in both UV40 and NM3. Hypersensitivity to DNA cross‐linking agents, such as MMC, typically characterizes FA cells. By introducing the native CHO FancG gene into mutant NM3, we demonstrate that hamster FancG fully corrects the 3‐fold sensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) as well as the 10‐fold sensitivity to MMC, whereas resistance to ionizing radiation did not increase appreciably. In contrast, hamster cDNA transformants showed incomplete correction for both MMC and MMS sensitivity. The constitutively expressed FancG protein is present in the cytoplasmic, nuclear and chromatin fractions. FancG protein levels and subcellular localization do not change appreciably as a function of cell cycle position. Our results are consistent with roles of FancG in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments to maintain genomic stability in response to various genotoxic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mutagenesis is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Animal models in research
KW  - Transgenic animals
KW  - Genetic toxicology
KW  - Animal mutation
KW  - Hamsters as laboratory animals
KW  - Toxicology -- Animal models
KW  - Molecular cloning
KW  - Methyl methanesulfonate
N1  - Accession Number: 20122139; Lamerdin, Jane E. 1; Yamada, Nazumi A. 1; George, James W. 1; Souza, Brian 1; Christian, Allen T. 1; Jones, Nigel J. 2; Thompson, Larry H. 1; Email Address: thompson14@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: BBR Program, L441, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550-0808, USA; 2: School of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p237; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: Animal models in research; Thesaurus Term: Transgenic animals; Thesaurus Term: Genetic toxicology; Subject Term: Animal mutation; Subject Term: Hamsters as laboratory animals; Subject Term: Toxicology -- Animal models; Subject Term: Molecular cloning; Subject Term: Methyl methanesulfonate; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/mutage/geh019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reboredo
AU  - F. A.
AU  - Pizzagalli
AU  - L.
AU  - Galli
AU  - G.
T1  - Computational Engineering of the Stability and Optical Gaps of SiC Quantum Dots.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 801
EP  - 804
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We have carried out an ab initio computational study of SiC nanoparticles with diameters between 1 and 3 nm. Our calculations show that surface composition and termination play a dominant role in determining the optical gaps and thermodynamic stability of these nanoparticles. In particular, we find that the optical gap of cubic SiC dots can be engineered as a function of their size and surface composition to obtain absorption and emission from the UV to the green. Our results suggest that SiC nanoparticles may be used to build new materials for semiconductor-based UV light sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 13131202; Reboredo F. A. 1 Pizzagalli L. 1 Galli G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, and Universitéde Poitiers, 86960 Futuroscope, Cedex, France; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p801; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rocquefelte
AU  - X.
AU  - Rignanese
AU  - G.-M.
AU  - Meunier
AU  - V.
AU  - Terrones
AU  - H.
AU  - M.
AU  - Charlier
AU  - J.-C.
T1  - How to Identify Haeckelite Structures: A Theoretical Study of Their Electronic and Vibrational Properties.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 805
EP  - 810
SN  - 15306984
AB  - First-principles (FP) calculations of the electronic and vibrational properties of three different Haeckelite structures have been performed. The relatively low cohesive energies (when compared to C60) of these phases suggest the possible synthesis of such novel carbon arrangements. In agreement with previous tight-binding calculations (Terrones, H.; Terrones, M.; Hernandèz, E.; Grobert, N.; Charlier, J.-C.; Ajayan, P. M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2000, 84, 1716), the Haeckelite structures exhibit a clear metallic behavior. In addition, within the ab initio framework, we predict the IR and Raman frequencies, which constitute the fingerprint of their structure and allow for their unambiguous identification. STM images and quantum conductances of various tubular Haeckelite structures are also calculated within a tight-binding framework. The three investigated Haeckelite structures are shown to be good candidates of conducting wires with great potential in nanoelectronics. The results presented here provide a catalog of properties that will aid in the identification of other Haeckelite structures as well as carbon systems containing pentagonal and heptagonal defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - METALS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - TERRONES, H.
N1  - Accession Number: 13131203; Rocquefelte X. 1 Rignanese G.-M. 1 Meunier V. 1 Terrones H. 1 M. 1 Charlier J.-C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Unité de Physico-Chimie et de Physique des Matériaux (PCPM), Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 1, B-1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium, Research Center on Microscopic and Nanoscopic Electronic Devices and Materials (CERMIN), Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and Advanced Materials Department, IPICYT, Av. Venustiano Carranza 2425-A, San Luis Potosí 78210, México; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p805; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; People: TERRONES, H.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bachand
AU  - G. D.
AU  - Rivera
AU  - S. B.
AU  - Boal
AU  - A. K.
AU  - Gaudioso
AU  - J.
AU  - Liu
AU  - Bunker
AU  - B. C.
T1  - Assembly and Transport of Nanocrystal CdSe Quantum Dot Nanocomposites Using Microtubules and Kinesin Motor Proteins.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 817
EP  - 821
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Nature has evolved dynamic, non-equilibrium mechanisms for assembling hierarchical complexes of nanomaterials. A critical element to many of these assembly mechanisms involves the active and directed transport of materials by biomolecular motor proteins such as kinesin. In the present work, nanocrystal quantum dots (nQDs) were assembled and organized using microtubule (MT) filaments as nanoscale scaffolds. nQD density and localization were systematically evaluated by varying the concentration and distribution of functional groups within the MT structure. Confining nQD attachment to a central region within the MT enabled unaffected interaction with kinesin necessary to support active transport of nQD-MT composites. This active transport system will be further refined to control the optical properties of a surface by regulating the collective organization of nQD-MT composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 13131205; Bachand G. D. 1 Rivera S. B. 1 Boal A. K. 1 Gaudioso J. 1 Liu Bunker B. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biomolecular Materials and Interfaces, Chemical Synthesis and Nanomaterials, and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p817; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rolandi
AU  - M.
AU  - Suez
AU  - I.
AU  - Dai
AU  - H.
AU  - Frechet
AU  - J. M. J.
T1  - Dendrimer Monolayers as Negative and Positive Tone Resists for Scanning Probe Lithography.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 889
EP  - 893
SN  - 15306984
AB  - A new scanning probe lithography scheme based on a self-assembled dendrimer monolayer on thin Ti films is presented. The method relies on the versatility of the functionalized dendrimer molecules to effectively function as etch resists by forming a densely packed self-assembled protective monolayer on a Ti film. Patterning of the Ti surface is accomplished using an AFM tip either as an ultra sharp scribe or as an electrical field point source to modify the monolayer. This, coupled to carefully selected etching conditions, allows the use of the dendrimer monolayers as both negative and positive tone resists. Facile formation of TiO2 features ca. 25 nm wide and 12 nm tall on silicon oxide and ca. 50 nm wide gaps in a thin Ti film can easily be achieved. The dendrimer resist approach can be further developed in order to improve the minimum feature size to the single dendrimer molecule level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - DENDRIMERS
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - TITANIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13131222; Rolandi M. 1 Suez I. 1 Dai H. 1 Frechet J. M. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460 and Division of Material Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p889; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: DENDRIMERS; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: TITANIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaziski
AU  - D.
AU  - Prilliman
AU  - S.
AU  - Scher
AU  - E. C.
AU  - Casula
AU  - M.
AU  - Wickham
AU  - J.
AU  - Clark
AU  - S. M.
AU  - Alivisatos
AU  - A. P.
T1  - Critical Size for Fracture during Solid-Solid Phase Transformations.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 943
EP  - 946
SN  - 15306984
AB  - The study of nanoscale materials with well-controlled size and shape can be used to learn more about critical length scales for numerous physical and chemical phenomena in solids and extended systems.1,2 Small nanocrystals (below 5-nm diameter) have been shown to exhibit fully reversible single-domain structural phase transformations with large volume changes over multiple cycles. The same transformations in extended solids are accompanied by irreversible domain formation.3-5 Here we investigate the crossover between these regimes by studying a pressure-induced structural transformation in 4-nm-diameter nanorods varying in aspect ratio from 1 to 10. We find that above a critical length the nanorods fracture at the moment of the structural transformation. This work demonstrates the use of simple, well-defined nanoscale systems to examine fundamental structural phenomena found in extended solids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 13131232; Zaziski D. 1 Prilliman S. 1 Scher E. C. 1 Casula M. 1 Wickham J. 1 Clark S. M. 1 Alivisatos A. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Nanosys, Inc., 2625 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, California 94304, and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p943; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barac, Tanja
AU  - Taghavi, Safiyh
AU  - Borremans, Brigitte
AU  - Provoost, Ann
AU  - Oeyen, Licy
AU  - Colpaert, Jan V.
AU  - Vangronsveld, Jaco
AU  - van der Lelie, Daniel
T1  - Engineered endophytic bacteria improve phytoremediation of water-soluble, volatile, organic pollutants.
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
JF  - Nature Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 583
EP  - 588
SN  - 10870156
AB  - Phytoremediation of highly water soluble and volatile organic xenobiotics is often inefficient because plants do not completely degrade these compounds through their rhizospheres. This results in phytotoxicity and/or volatilization of chemicals through the leaves, which can cause additional environmental problems. We demonstrate that endophytic bacteria equipped with the appropriate degradation pathway improve the <em>in planta</em> degradation of toluene. We introduced the pTOM toluene-degradation plasmid of <em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> G4 into <em>B. cepacia</em> L.S.2.4, a natural endophyte of yellow lupine. After surface-sterilized lupine seeds were successfully inoculated with the recombinant strain, the engineered endophytic bacteria strongly degraded toluene, resulting in a marked decrease in its phytotoxicity, and a 50-70% reduction of its evapotranspiration through the leaves. This strategy promises to improve the efficiency of phytoremediating volatile organic contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Biotechnology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phytoremediation
KW  - Phytotoxicity
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Lupines
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Toluene
N1  - Accession Number: 13008907; Barac, Tanja 1; Taghavi, Safiyh 2,3; Borremans, Brigitte 2; Provoost, Ann 2; Oeyen, Licy 1; Colpaert, Jan V. 1; Vangronsveld, Jaco 1; van der Lelie, Daniel 2,3; Email Address: vdlelied@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Limburgs Universitair Centrum (LUC), Department of Environmental Biology, Universitaire Campus building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.; 2: Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Technology Expertise Center, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.; 3: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Biology Department, Building 463, Upton, New York 11913-5000, USA.; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p583; Thesaurus Term: Phytoremediation; Thesaurus Term: Phytotoxicity; Thesaurus Term: Xenobiotics; Thesaurus Term: Lupines; Thesaurus Term: Evapotranspiration; Thesaurus Term: Toluene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nbt960
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bult, Carol
AU  - Kibbe, Warren A.
AU  - Snoddy, Jay
AU  - Vitaterna, Marthe
AU  - Swanson, Doug
AU  - Pretel, Stephanie
AU  - Yanxia Li
AU  - Hohman, Moses M.
AU  - Rinchik, Eugene
AU  - Takahashi, Joe S.
AU  - Frankel, Wayne N.
AU  - Goldowitz, Dan
T1  - A genome end-game: understanding gene function in the nervous system.
JO  - Nature Neuroscience
JF  - Nature Neuroscience
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 484
EP  - 485
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 10976256
AB  - Provides information for understanding gene function in the nervous system through online databases in the U.S. Mouse as the animal model to study brain function and behavior; Support of the National Institutes of Health for several mutagenesis centers; Use of common vocabulary of phenotypic classification terms to group mice into meaningful bins.
KW  - ONLINE databases
KW  - ELECTRONIC information resource searching
KW  - MICROBIAL genomes
KW  - ANIMAL models in research
KW  - RATS as laboratory animals
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - NATIONAL Institutes of Health (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 13009070; Bult, Carol 1 Kibbe, Warren A. 2 Snoddy, Jay 3 Vitaterna, Marthe 2 Swanson, Doug 4 Pretel, Stephanie 1 Yanxia Li 2 Hohman, Moses M. 2 Rinchik, Eugene 3 Takahashi, Joe S. 2 Frankel, Wayne N. 1 Goldowitz, Dan 4; Email Address: dgold@nb.utmem.edu; Affiliation:  1: Neuroscience Mutagenesis Facility, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA  2: Center for Functional Genomics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  4: Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiolgy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 7 Issue 5, p484; Subject Term: ONLINE databases; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC information resource searching; Subject Term: MICROBIAL genomes; Subject Term: ANIMAL models in research; Subject Term: RATS as laboratory animals; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: NATIONAL Institutes of Health (U.S.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nn0504-484
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Commins, Eugene D.
T1  - Observational selection, host galaxy dust, and Type Ia supernovae
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 48
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 567
SN  - 13876473
AB  - We develop models for extinction of Type Ia supernova light due to dust in spiral host galaxies. The models are based on well-known facts and concepts concerning galaxy morphology, star distributions, and dust. We find that observational selection causes extinctions of observable Ia supernovae to be very insensitive to large variations in host galaxy dust, especially at high redshift. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - RED shift
KW  - Dust
KW  - Host galaxies
KW  - Observational selection
KW  - Supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12779693; Commins, Eugene D. 1; Email Address: commins@physics.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 48 Issue 7/8, p567; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: RED shift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dust; Author-Supplied Keyword: Host galaxies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Observational selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supernovae; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.12.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pennypacker, C.
AU  - Tilquin, A.
AU  - Melchior, A.-L.
AU  - Combes, F.
AU  - Pain, R.
T1  - Preliminary exploration of the impact of host galaxy dust on cosmological parameters
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 48
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
SN  - 13876473
AB  - We present preliminary analysis and considerations of the impact of dust on the measurement of cosmological parameters based on Type Ia supernovae. This analysis relies on the models of Commins [this proceedings, 2003] and employs subtraction of median extinction values from the measured magnitudes of Type Ia supernovae found in spiral galaxies, but combined with observational selection effects. Then, we estimate corrections to cosmological parameters. This work generally supports the SCP and Hi-Z team discovery of a non-zero <f>Λ</f>. One of the goals of some of the dust treatments was to find a solution to the dust corrections that could “re-center” the fit to cosmological parameters from supernovae on the <f>Ωtot=1</f> line segment in the <f>Ωm−ΩΛ</f> plane. Such a “solution” was found and requires more dust in distant SCP cosmological supernovae than in nearby galaxies (the Calan–Tololo supernovae). Other host galaxy dust scenarios with differing amounts of dust and consequences for cosmology are explored. No convincing scenario of dust has yet been able to be developed for host galaxies in the observed SCP data which include observational selection that yields a <f>Λ=0</f> universe. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DUST
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - Galaxies
KW  - Morphological type
KW  - Star formation
KW  - Supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12779695; Pennypacker, C. 1; Email Address: pennypacker@lbl.gov Tilquin, A. 2 Melchior, A.-L. 3 Combes, F. 3 Pain, R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Space Sciences Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Centre de Physique des Particules, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, IN3P3-CNRS, Marseille F-13288, France  3: Observatoire de Paris, LERMA, 61 Av. de l’Observatoire, Paris F-75014, France  4: LPNHE, CNRS-IN2P3, Universities of Paris VI and VII, Paris F-75252, France; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 48 Issue 7/8, p577; Subject Term: DUST; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morphological type; Author-Supplied Keyword: Star formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supernovae; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.12.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Melchior, A.-L.
AU  - Combes, F.
AU  - Pennypacker, C.
T1  - Supernova rates and host galaxies properties in the Local Universe
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 48
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 591
SN  - 13876473
AB  - We present a short overview of a systematic study performed on supernovae (SN) in the Local Universe, collected from the IAU circulars. We estimate empirical selection biases on the host galaxy and SN detection luminosities. The correction of these biases enables us to derive SN rates and to study their dependency with the galaxy luminosity. We show for the first time a clear correlation of the number of detected supernovae with the <f>LB</f> luminosity of the host galaxy. We do not detect any significant difference in this correlation between type-Ia and core-collapse SN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - Galaxies
KW  - Star formation
KW  - Supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12779697; Melchior, A.-L. 1; Email Address: a.l.melchior@obspm.fr Combes, F. 1 Pennypacker, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Observatoire de Paris, LERMA, 61 Av. de l'Observatoire, F-75014 Paris, France  2: Space Sciences Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 48 Issue 7/8, p591; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Star formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supernovae; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.12.048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prasad, V.
T1  - Low redshift type 1a supernovae calibration
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 48
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
SN  - 13876473
AB  - The calibration of 20 supernovae discovered and observed by the Supernovae Cosmology Project and EROS collaboration in 1999 is described. Using novel calibration techniques, we calibrate the supernovae images in the Johnson–Cousins U, B, V, R and I bands at the 1% level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - EROS (Asteroid)
KW  - Cosmology
KW  - Photometric calibration
KW  - Supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12779705; Prasad, V. 1; Email Address: val.prasad@yale.edu; Affiliation:  1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 48 Issue 7/8, p633; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: EROS (Asteroid); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photometric calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supernovae; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.12.058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood-Vasey, W.M.
AU  - Aldering, G.
AU  - Lee, B.C.
AU  - Loken, S.
AU  - Nugent, P.
AU  - Perlmutter, S.
AU  - Siegrist, J.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Antilogus, P.
AU  - Astier, P.
AU  - Hardin, D.
AU  - Pain, R.
AU  - Copin, Y.
AU  - Smadja, G.
AU  - Gangler, E.
AU  - Castera, A.
AU  - Adam, G.
AU  - Bacon, R.
AU  - Lemonnier, J.-P.
AU  - Pécontal, A.
T1  - The Nearby Supernova Factory
JO  - New Astronomy Reviews
JF  - New Astronomy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 48
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
SN  - 13876473
AB  - The Nearby Supernova Factory (SNfactory) is an ambitious project to find and study in detail approximately 300 nearby Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) at redshifts <f>0.03<z<0.08</f>. This program will provide an exceptional data set of well-studied SNe in the nearby smooth Hubble flow that can be used as calibration for the current and future programs designed to use SNe to measure the cosmological parameters. The first key ingredient for this program is a reliable supply of Hubble-flow SNe systematically discovered in unprecedented numbers using the same techniques as those used in distant SNe searches. In 2002, 35 SNe were found using our test-bed pipeline for automated SN search and discovery. The pipeline uses images from the asteroid search conducted by the Near Earth Asteroid Tracking group at JPL. Improvements in our subtraction techniques and analysis have allowed us to increase our effective SN discovery rate to ∼12 SNe/month in 2003. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TYPE I supernovae
KW  - RED shift
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ASTEROIDS
KW  - Galaxies
KW  - Supernovae
N1  - Accession Number: 12779706; Wood-Vasey, W.M. 1; Email Address: wmwood-vasey@lbl.gov Aldering, G. 1 Lee, B.C. 1 Loken, S. 1 Nugent, P. 1 Perlmutter, S. 1 Siegrist, J. 1 Wang, L. 1 Antilogus, P. 2 Astier, P. 2 Hardin, D. 2 Pain, R. 2 Copin, Y. 3 Smadja, G. 3 Gangler, E. 3 Castera, A. 3 Adam, G. 4 Bacon, R. 4 Lemonnier, J.-P. 4 Pécontal, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 50R232, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Laboratoire de Physique Nucleaire et de Haute Energies de Paris, (LPNHE) Paris, France  3: Institut de Physique Nucleaire de Lyon (IPNL), Lyon, France  4: Centre de Recherche Astronomique de Lyon (CRAL), Lyon, France; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 48 Issue 7/8, p637; Subject Term: TYPE I supernovae; Subject Term: RED shift; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTEROIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supernovae; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newar.2003.12.056
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12779706&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Yiqi Luo
T1  - Research review Evaluating ecosystem responses to rising atmospheric CO2 and global warming in a multi-factor world.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 162
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 293
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Analyses of ecosystem responses to global change must embrace the reality of multiple, interacting environmental factors. Ecosystem models demonstrate the importance of examining the combined effects of the gradually rising concentration of atmospheric CO2 and the climatic change that attends it. Models to forecast future changes need data support to be useful, and data–model fusion has become essential in global change research. There is a wealth of information on plant responses to CO2 and temperature, but there have been few ecosystem-scale experiments investigating the combined or interactive effects of CO2 enrichment and warming. Factorial experiments to investigate interactions can be difficult to design, conduct, and interpret, and their results may not support predictions at the ecosystem scale – in the context of global change they will always be case studies. An alternative approach is to gain a thorough understanding of the modes of action of single factors, and rely on our understanding (as represented in models) to inform us of the probable interactions. Multifactor (CO2 × temperature) experiments remain important, however, for testing concepts, demonstrating the reality of multiple-factor influences, and reminding us that surprises can be expected. © New Phytologist (2004) doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - ECOSYSTEM health
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants
KW  - climate change
KW  - CO2 enrichment
KW  - data--model fusion
KW  - interactions
KW  - temperature
KW  - warming
N1  - Accession Number: 12767298; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov Yiqi Luo 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA  2: Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 162 Issue 2, p281; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: ECOSYSTEM health; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: data--model fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: warming; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01047.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12767298&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pendall, Elise
AU  - Bridgham, Scott
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Hungate, Bruce
AU  - Kicklighter, David W.
AU  - Johnson, Dale W.
AU  - Law, Beverly E.
AU  - Yiqi Luo
AU  - Megonigal, J. Patrick
AU  - Olsrud, Maria
AU  - Ryan, Michael G.
AU  - Shiqiang Wan
T1  - Research review Below-ground process responses to elevated CO2 and temperature: a discussion of observations, measurement methods, and models.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 162
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
EP  - 322
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Rising atmospheric CO2 and temperatures are probably altering ecosystem carbon cycling, causing both positive and negative feedbacks to climate. Below-ground processes play a key role in the global carbon (C) cycle because they regulate storage of large quantities of C, and are potentially very sensitive to direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 and temperature. Soil organic matter pools, roots and associated rhizosphere organisms all have distinct responses to environmental change drivers, although availability of C substrates will regulate all the responses. Elevated CO2 increases C supply below-ground, whereas warming is likely to increase respiration and decomposition rates, leading to speculation that these effects will moderate one another. However, indirect effects on soil moisture availability and nutrient supply may alter processes in unexpected directions. Detailed, mechanistic understanding and modelling of below-ground flux components, pool sizes and turnover rates is needed to adequately predict long-term, net C storage in ecosystems. In this synthesis, we discuss the current status of below-ground responses to elevated CO2 and temperature and potential feedback effects, methodological challenges, and approaches to integrating models and measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - HUMUS
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - carbon sequestration
KW  - CO2 fertilization
KW  - mycorrhizas
KW  - nutrient cycling
KW  - rhizosphere
KW  - soil carbon
KW  - soil respiration
KW  - soil warming
N1  - Accession Number: 12767296; Pendall, Elise 1; Email Address: Pendall@uwyo.edu Bridgham, Scott 2 Hanson, Paul J. 3 Hungate, Bruce 4 Kicklighter, David W. 5 Johnson, Dale W. 6 Law, Beverly E. 7 Yiqi Luo 8 Megonigal, J. Patrick 9 Olsrud, Maria 10 Ryan, Michael G. 11,12 Shiqiang Wan 3,13; Affiliation:  1: Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA  2: Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Department of Biological Sciences, Box 5640, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA  5: The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA  6: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA  7: Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  8: Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA  9: Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, PO Box 28, 640 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA  10: Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden  11: USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, 240 West Prospect Rd., Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA  12: Department of Forest Rangeland and Watershed Stewardship and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA  13: Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 162 Issue 2, p311; Subject Term: EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: HUMUS; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 fertilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: mycorrhizas; Author-Supplied Keyword: nutrient cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: rhizosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil warming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01053.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12767296&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sholtis, Johnna D.
AU  - Gunderson, Carla A.
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Tissue, David T.
T1  - Persistent stimulation of photosynthesis by elevated CO2 in a sweetgum ( Liquidambar styraciflua) forest stand.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 162
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 354
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Examines the photosynthetic response of sweetgum <em>Liquidambar styraciflua</em> to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations.  Effects of seasonal variation in plant source-sink relations on the photosynthetic capacity of upper-canopy leaves to respond to elevated carbon dioxide; Properties of <em>Liquidambar styraciflua</em> leaf; Impact of carbon dioxide on leaf nitrogen.
KW  - SWEETGUM
KW  - LIQUIDAMBAR
KW  - EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants
KW  - LEAVES -- Physiology
KW  - PLANT variation
KW  - <em>Liquidambar styraciflua</em>
KW  - biochemical capacity
KW  - deciduous trees
KW  - FACE
KW  - forest
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - photosynthetic adjustment
KW  - photosynthetic capacity
N1  - Accession Number: 12767312; Sholtis, Johnna D. 1 Gunderson, Carla A. 2 Norby, Richard J. 2 Tissue, David T. 1; Email Address: david.tissue@ttu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409--3131 USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831--6422, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 162 Issue 2, p343; Subject Term: SWEETGUM; Subject Term: LIQUIDAMBAR; Subject Term: EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants; Subject Term: LEAVES -- Physiology; Subject Term: PLANT variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Liquidambar styraciflua</em>; Author-Supplied Keyword: biochemical capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: deciduous trees; Author-Supplied Keyword: FACE; Author-Supplied Keyword: forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetic adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthetic capacity; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01028.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12767312&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiqiang Wan
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Pregitzer, Kurt S.
AU  - Ledford, Joanne
AU  - O'Neill, Elizabeth G.
T1  - CO2 enrichment and warming of the atmosphere enhance both productivity and mortality of maple tree fine roots.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 162
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 446
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - Discusses a study which examined the impact of carbon dioxide elevation and temperature changes on the productivity and mortality of red and sugar maple trees fine roots.  Production and mortality of fine roots; Relationship between temperature and root length; Influence of temperature on fine root biomass.
KW  - ROOTS (Botany) -- Development
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - GLOBAL temperature changes
KW  - ROOTS (Botany) -- Growth
KW  - RED maple
KW  - SUGAR maple
KW  - elevated CO2
KW  - fine roots
KW  - red maple (<em>Acer rubrum</em>)
KW  - root mortality
KW  - root production
KW  - sugar maple (<em>Acer saccharum</em>)
KW  - temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 12767309; Shiqiang Wan 1; Email Address: wans@ornl.gov Norby, Richard J. 2 Pregitzer, Kurt S. 3 Ledford, Joanne 1 O'Neill, Elizabeth G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422 USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA  3: School of Forestry and Wood Products, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49905 USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 162 Issue 2, p437; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany) -- Development; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: GLOBAL temperature changes; Subject Term: ROOTS (Botany) -- Growth; Subject Term: RED maple; Subject Term: SUGAR maple; Author-Supplied Keyword: elevated CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: fine roots; Author-Supplied Keyword: red maple (<em>Acer rubrum</em>); Author-Supplied Keyword: root mortality; Author-Supplied Keyword: root production; Author-Supplied Keyword: sugar maple (<em>Acer saccharum</em>); Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01034.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, James
AU  - West, Geoffrey
T1  - One rate to rule them all.
JO  - New Scientist
JF  - New Scientist
Y1  - 2004/05//5/1/2004
VL  - 182
IS  - 2445
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 41
PB  - Reed Business Information Limited (New Scientist)
SN  - 02624079
AB  - Most revealing diversity and complexity of life would be a tropical forest in Brazil, New Guinea or the Congo. Despite a hundred years of research, ecology has little in the way of universal laws or principles like laws of gravity and thermodynamics in physics or the Mendelian laws of inheritance in biology. In the past few years there have been a unique collaboration of biologists and physicists that has been investigating forces behind a host of ecological patterns and it has been identified one factor that seems to have dramatic ecological consequences, metabolic rates, rates at which organisms use energy and materials.
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - HEREDITY
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - LIFE sciences
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13071884; Brown, James 1 West, Geoffrey 2; Affiliation:  1: Ecologist at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque and the Santa Fe Institute in Santa Fe, New Mexico.  2: Physicist at the Santa Fe Institute and the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico; Source Info: 5/1/2004, Vol. 182 Issue 2445, p38; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: HEREDITY; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: LIFE sciences; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2452
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carelli, Mario D.
AU  - Conway, L.E.
AU  - Oriani, L.
AU  - Petrović, B.
AU  - Lombardi, C.V.
AU  - Ricotti, M.E.
AU  - Barroso, A.C.O.
AU  - Collado, J.M.
AU  - Cinotti, L.
AU  - Todreas, N.E.
AU  - Grgić, D.
AU  - Moraes, M.M.
AU  - Boroughs, R.D.
AU  - Ninokata, H.
AU  - Ingersoll, D.T.
AU  - Oriolo, F.
T1  - The design and safety features of the IRIS reactor
JO  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
JF  - Nuclear Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 230
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 00295493
AB  - Salient features of the International Reactor Innovative and Secure (IRIS) are presented here. IRIS, an integral, modular, medium size (335 MWe) PWR, has been under development since the turn of the century by an international consortium led by Westinghouse and including over 20 organizations from nine countries. Described here are the features of the integral design which includes steam generators, pumps and pressurizer inside the vessel, together with the core, control rods, and neutron reflector/shield. A brief summary is provided of the IRIS approach to extended maintenance over a 48-month schedule. The unique IRIS safety-by-design approach is discussed, which, by eliminating accidents, at the design stage, or decreasing their consequences/probabilities when outright elimination is not possible, provides a very powerful first level of defense in depth. The safety-by-design allows a significant reduction and simplification of the passive safety systems, which are presented here, together with an assessment of the IRIS response to transients and postulated accidents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - LIGHT water reactors
KW  - STEAM generators
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12981755; Carelli, Mario D. 1; Email Address: carellmd@westinghouse.com Conway, L.E. 1 Oriani, L. 1 Petrović, B. 1 Lombardi, C.V. 2 Ricotti, M.E. 2 Barroso, A.C.O. 3 Collado, J.M. 4 Cinotti, L. 5 Todreas, N.E. 6 Grgić, D. 7 Moraes, M.M. 8 Boroughs, R.D. 9 Ninokata, H. 10 Ingersoll, D.T. 11 Oriolo, F. 12; Affiliation:  1: Science and Technology Department, Westinghouse Electric Company, 1344 Beulah Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15235, USA  2: Politecnico di Milano, Italy  3: Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), Brazil  4: Equipos Nucleares S.A. (ENSA), Spain  5: Ansaldo Energia, Italy  6: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA  7: University of Zagreb, Croatia  8: Nuclebras Equipamentos Pesados S/A (NUCLEP), Brazil  9: Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), USA  10: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan  11: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), USA  12: Università di Pisa, Italy; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 230 Issue 1-3, p151; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: LIGHT water reactors; Subject Term: STEAM generators; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423720 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2003.11.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koscielniak, Shane
AU  - Johnstone, Carol
T1  - Mechanisms for nonlinear acceleration in FFAGs with fixed RF
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 523
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A signature of fixed-field acceleration is that the orbit of the beam centroid unavoidably changes with energy. The corresponding, often nonlinear, change in path length results in phase slip of the particle beam relative to a fixed-frequency accelerating waveform. Nonetheless, depending on the number and location of the fixed-points of the motion, acceleration is possible for a limited number of turns by allowing the beam to cross back and forth across the crest (cross-crest acceleration). For multiple fixed points, this asynchronous form of acceleration is facilitated by a libration path that extends from injection to extraction energy when a threshold value of accelerating voltage exceeded. Successful acceleration is accomplished when the radio frequency is made synchronous with the revolution period at the machine central orbit, or when the RF is offset in a prescribed manner that leads to staggering of phase traces on consecutive turns. The present work explores the influence of the fixed points and of RF manipulations on the longitudinal dynamics in FFAGs with a variety of path-length dependence on kinetic energy; emphasis is given to quadratic dependence as occurs in a type of accelerator currently proposed for rapid acceleration of muons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - KAONS
KW  - Muon acceleration
KW  - Nonlinear dynamical systems
KW  - Nonscaling FFAG
N1  - Accession Number: 12778190; Koscielniak, Shane 1; Email Address: shane@triumf.ca Johnstone, Carol 2; Affiliation:  1: TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3  2: FNAL, Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 523 Issue 1/2, p25; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: KAONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon acceleration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear dynamical systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonscaling FFAG; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.12.028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12778190&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rochman, D.
AU  - Haight, R.C.
AU  - O'Donnell, J.M.
AU  - Devlin, M.
AU  - Ethvignot, T.
AU  - Granier, T.
T1  - Neutron-induced reaction studies at FIGARO using a spallation source
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 523
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A description is given of the new flexible facility Fast Neutron-Induced Gamma-Ray Observer (FIGARO) at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. FIGARO is designed to study fast-neutron-induced reactions that result in the emission of <f>γ</f> rays and neutrons, using the white neutron beam of the Weapons Neutron Research Facility. The emitted neutrons and <f>γ</f> rays are detected by several liquid scintillators and one high-resolution germanium or one barium-fluoride detector, respectively. As an example, the inelastic neutron scattering on Si from 4 to <f>20 MeV</f> is presented and the results are compared with predictions of the nuclear model calculations performed with the codes GNASH and EMPIRE II. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - FIGARO
KW  - Neutron inelastic scattering
KW  - Neutron-induced reaction
KW  - White neutron source
N1  - Accession Number: 12778193; Rochman, D. 1; Email Address: rochman@lanl.gov Haight, R.C. 1; Email Address: haight@lanl.gov O'Donnell, J.M. 1; Email Address: odonnell@lanl.gov Devlin, M. 1; Email Address: devlin@lanl.gov Ethvignot, T. 2; Email Address: thierry.ethvignot@cea.fr Granier, T. 2; Email Address: thierry.granier@cea.fr; Affiliation:  1: LANSCE-3, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H855, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA  2: CEA-DAM, BP 12, Bruyères-le-Châtel 91680, France; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 523 Issue 1/2, p102; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FIGARO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron inelastic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron-induced reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: White neutron source; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.12.026
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12778193&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Peurrung, A.J.
T1  - Reply to Comment on “On the long-range detection of radioactivity using electromagnetic radiation”
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 523
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 249
SN  - 01689002
N1  - Accession Number: 12778210; Peurrung, A.J. 1; Email Address: aj.peurrung@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: M/S P8-20, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 523 Issue 1/2, p249; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.12.020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12778210&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jung, Jin Young
AU  - Lee, Heejin
AU  - Chen, Michael M.
T1  - SIMPLE, ACCURATE TREATMENT OF CURVED BOUNDARIES WITH DIRICHLET AND NEUMANN CONDITIONS.
JO  - Numerical Heat Transfer: Part B -- Fundamentals
JF  - Numerical Heat Transfer: Part B -- Fundamentals
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
EP  - 448
SN  - 10407790
AB  - A simple and accurate numerical treatment of curved boundaries for the solution of elliptic or elliptic-parabolic partial differential equations typical of transport problems is described. The study is motivated by the importance of curved boundaries in applied and fundamental problems, especially those with Neumann conditions. Existing methods, including those employing unstructured or body-fitted meshes, are either clumsy, of low-order accuracy, or burdened with high computational overhead. The method employs elementary finite-difference meshes and places nodes on the curved boundaries to permit precise satisfaction of the boundary conditions. A key element of the method is the use of skew-tolerant algorithms to alleviate possible computational difficulties when boundary nodes are too close to interior nodes. Second-order equations and implementations are presented, easily extendable to third or higher orders. The higher-order space-time formulations and the implicit time integration's freedom from stability constraints render the approach potentially quite economical compared to conventional first-order approaches. The ability to satisfy Neumann boundary conditions accurately and economically can be a great asset in many problems, including free-boundary problems involving phase change and/or surface tension, as well as in pressure computations in Navier-Stokes solvers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Numerical Heat Transfer: Part B -- Fundamentals is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - DIRICHLET principle
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations -- Numerical solutions
KW  - CALCULUS of variations
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
N1  - Accession Number: 12756865; Jung, Jin Young 1; Email Address: JYJung@lbl.gov Lee, Heejin 2 Chen, Michael M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 46R0161, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: University of Michigan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 5, p421; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: DIRICHLET principle; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: CALCULUS of variations; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10407790490277913
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12756865&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, Junshui
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - Perkins, Simon
T1  - Two realizations of a general feature extraction framework
JO  - Pattern Recognition
JF  - Pattern Recognition
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 875
SN  - 00313203
AB  - A general feature extraction framework is proposed as an extension of conventional linear discriminant analysis. Two nonlinear feature extraction algorithms based on this framework are investigated. The first is a kernel function feature extraction (KFFE) algorithm. A disturbance term is introduced to regularize the algorithm. Moreover, it is revealed that some existing nonlinear feature extraction algorithms are the special cases of this KFFE algorithm. The second feature extraction algorithm, mean–STD1<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>STD: Standard Deviation.</fn>–norm feature extraction algorithm, is also derived from the framework. Experiments based on both synthetic and real data are presented to demonstrate the performance of both feature extraction algorithms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Pattern Recognition is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - DISCRIMINANT analysis
KW  - KERNEL functions
KW  - Class separability
KW  - Classification
KW  - Discriminant analysis
KW  - Kernel functions
KW  - Multi-class feature extraction
KW  - Nonlinear feature extraction
KW  - Regularization
N1  - Accession Number: 12573438; Ma, Junshui; Email Address: junshui@osc.edu Theiler, James 1 Perkins, Simon 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p875; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: DISCRIMINANT analysis; Subject Term: KERNEL functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Class separability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Classification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discriminant analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kernel functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-class feature extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear feature extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regularization; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.patcog.2003.10.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12573438&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, Min C.
AU  - Tsap, Leonid V.
AU  - Goldgof, Dmitry B.
T1  - Gesture recognition using Bezier curves for visualization navigation from registered 3-D data
JO  - Pattern Recognition
JF  - Pattern Recognition
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1011
SN  - 00313203
AB  - This paper presents a gesture recognition system for visualization navigation. Scientists are interested in developing interactive settings for exploring large data sets in an intuitive environment. The input consists of registered 3-D data. A geometric method using Bezier curves is used for the trajectory analysis and classification of gestures. The hand gesture speed is incorporated into the algorithm to enable correct recognition from trajectories with variations in hand speed. The method is robust and reliable: correct hand identification rate is 99.9% (from 1641 frames), modes of hand movements are correct 95.6% of the time, recognition rate (given the right mode) is 97.9%. An application to gesture-controlled visualization of 3D bioinformatics data is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Pattern Recognition is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GESTURE
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - IMAGINATION
KW  - TRAJECTORY optimization
KW  - 3-D trajectory analysis
KW  - Bezier curves
KW  - Gesture recognition system
KW  - Hand tracking
KW  - Human-computer interaction
KW  - Motion analysis
KW  - Region detection and identification
KW  - Visualization navigation
N1  - Accession Number: 12573448; Shin, Min C. 1; Email Address: mcshin@uncc.edu Tsap, Leonid V. 2; Email Address: tsap@llnl.gov Goldgof, Dmitry B. 3; Email Address: goldgof@csee.usf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA  2: Advanced Communications and Signal Processing Group, Electronics Engineering Department, University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Computer Science, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 34642, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p1011; Subject Term: GESTURE; Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Subject Term: IMAGINATION; Subject Term: TRAJECTORY optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-D trajectory analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bezier curves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gesture recognition system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hand tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human-computer interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motion analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Region detection and identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visualization navigation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.patcog.2003.11.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12573448&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahluwalia, R.
AU  - Lookman, T.
AU  - Saxena, A.
AU  - Shenoy, S. R.
T1  - Pattern formation in Ferroelastic Transitions.
JO  - Phase Transitions
JF  - Phase Transitions
Y1  - 2004/05//May-Jul2004
VL  - 77
IS  - 5-7
M3  - Article
SP  - 457
EP  - 467
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01411594
AB  - We study pattern formation in ferroelastic materials using the Ginzburg-Landau approach. Since ferroelastic transitions are driven by strain, the nonlinear elastic free energy is expressed as an expansion in the appropriate (i.e., order parameter) strain variables. However, the displacement fields are the real independent variables, whereas the components of the strain tensor are related to each other through elastic compatibility relations. These constraints manifest as an anisotropic long-range interaction which drastically influences the underlying microstructure. The evolution of the microstructure is demonstrated for (i) a hexagonal-to-orthorhombic transition using a strain-based approach with explicit long-range interactions; and (ii) a cubic-to-tetragonal transition by solving the force-balance equations for the displacement fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Phase Transitions is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELASTIC crystals
KW  - PATTERN formation (Physical sciences)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Ferroelastic material
KW  - Strain fields
KW  - Structural transition
N1  - Accession Number: 12946192; Ahluwalia, R. 1; Email Address: rajeev@viking.lanl.gov Lookman, T. 1 Saxena, A. 1 Shenoy, S. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA  2: Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 34100 Trieste, Italy; Source Info: May-Jul2004, Vol. 77 Issue 5-7, p457; Subject Term: FERROELASTIC crystals; Subject Term: PATTERN formation (Physical sciences); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelastic material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural transition; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/01411590410001672620
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12946192&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simonsen, Ø</f>, Denmark
AU  - Astrup Eriksen, Ø</f>, Denmark##Department of Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Sölvegatan 14A, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
AU  - Maslov, Sergei
AU  - Sneppen, Ø</f>, Denmark
T1  - Diffusion on complex networks: a way to probe their large-scale topological structures
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 336
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
SN  - 03784371
AB  - A diffusion process on complex networks is introduced in order to uncover their large-scale topological structures. This is achieved by focusing on the slowest decaying diffusive modes of the network. The proposed procedure is applied to real-world networks like a friendship network of known modular structure, and an Internet routing network. For the friendship network, its known structure is well reproduced. In case of the Internet, where the structure is far less well known, one indeed finds a modular structure, and modules can roughly be associated with individual countries. Quantitatively, the modular structure of the Internet manifests itself in an approximately <f>10</f> times larger participation ratio of its slowest decaying modes as compared to the null model—a random scale-free network. The extreme edges of the Internet are found to correspond to Russian and US military sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION processes
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - INTERNET
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - Complex random networks
KW  - Network modules
KW  - Statistical physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12379591; Simonsen, Ø</f>, Denmark 1,2; Email Address: ingves@phys.ntnu.no Astrup Eriksen, Ø</f>, Denmark##Department of Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Sölvegatan 14A, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden 2 Maslov, Sergei 3 Sneppen, Ø</f>, Denmark 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway  2: NORDITA, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen  3: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 336 Issue 1/2, p163; Subject Term: DIFFUSION processes; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: INTERNET; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex random networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network modules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2004.01.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12379591&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abrikosov, A.A.
T1  - Theory of an unusual metal–insulator transition in layered high-<f>Tc</f> cuprates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 404
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A theory is proposed describing the metal–insulator transition in layered cuprates, based on the experimental observation that the Fermi surface in the metallic phase remains large down to the transition. It is established that the transition is of the second order at small dopings and of the first order at larger ones. The role of impurity scattering is analyzed. The model provides explanations of the recently observed phenomenon in the metallic phase: formation of antiferromagnetic “bubbles” around nonmagnetic impurities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL insulator semiconductors
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - Fermi surface
KW  - Layered cuprates
KW  - Metal–insulator transition
N1  - Accession Number: 12838562; Abrikosov, A.A. 1; Email Address: abrikosov@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 223, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 404 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: METAL insulator semiconductors; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered cuprates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–insulator transition; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.09.113
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12838562&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hol'anová, Z.
AU  - Kačmarčík, J.
AU  - Szabó, P.
AU  - Samuely, P.
AU  - Sheikin, I.
AU  - Ribeiro, R.A.
AU  - Bud'ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Critical fluctuations in the carbon-doped magnesium diboride
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 404
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Carbon doping of magnesium diboride resulting in the Mg(B0.9C0.1)2 stoichiometry leads to the superconducting transition temperature <f>Tc=22</f> K which is about 17 K less than in the pure MgB2. We present the magnetotransport measurements on the doped polycrystalline samples up to 23 T in the temperature range from 1.5 K. Despite the significantly lowered <f>Tc</f> the upper critical magnetic field <f>Hc2</f> is much higher here than in the pure MgB2 and achieves values of about 25–30 Tesla at low temperatures comparable to the MgB2 samples with the highest level of impurity scattering. The anomalous temperature dependence <f>Hc2(T)</f> revealing a positive curvature in the overall temperature range is discussed in the framework of the two-gap superconductivity, which is still present here. As another possibility an importance of the critical fluctuations is considered within the Ullah–Dorsey scaling model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - Carbon-doping
KW  - Critical fluctuations
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Two-gap superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12838596; Hol'anová, Z. 1; Email Address: pribulov@saske.sk Kačmarčík, J. 1 Szabó, P. 1 Samuely, P. 1 Sheikin, I. 2 Ribeiro, R.A. 3 Bud'ko, S.L. 3 Canfield, P.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Centre of Low Temperature Physics, IEP SAS & FS UPJŠ, Watsonova 47, Košice 04353, Slovakia  2: Grenoble High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CNRS & FKF MPI, Grenoble, France  3: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 404 Issue 1-4, p195; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon-doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-gap superconductivity; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.10.031
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12838596&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson Reichhardt, C.J.
AU  - Reichhardt, C.
AU  - Hastings, M.B.
AU  - Jankó, B.
T1  - Ratchet superconducting vortex cellular automata
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 404
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 266
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present a ratchet effect which provides a general means of performing clocked logic operations on discrete particles, such as single flux quanta or electrons. The states are propagated through the device by the use of an applied ac drive. We numerically demonstrate that a complete logic architecture is realizable using this ratchet. We consider specific nanostructured superconducting geometries using superconducting materials under an applied magnetic field, with the positions of the individual vortices in samples acting as the logic states. These devices can be used as the building blocks for an alternative microelectronic architecture. We give an analytic formula for the switching times of the vortices for specific materials and geometries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLULAR automata
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Cellular automata
KW  - Josephson vortices
KW  - Ratchet effect
N1  - Accession Number: 12838609; Olson Reichhardt, C.J. 1; Email Address: cjrx@lanl.gov Reichhardt, C. 1 Hastings, M.B. 1 Jankó, B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Science and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-12 MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 404 Issue 1-4, p266; Subject Term: CELLULAR automata; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular automata; Author-Supplied Keyword: Josephson vortices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ratchet effect; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.11.040
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12838609&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reichhardt, C.
AU  - Olson Reichhardt, C.J.
T1  - Ratchet effects for vortices in superconductors with periodic pinning arrays
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 404
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 302
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Using numerical simulations we show that novel transport phenomena can occur for vortices moving in periodic pinning arrays when two external perpendicular ac drives are applied. In particular, we find a ratchet effect where the vortices can have a net dc drift even in the absence of a dc drive. This ratchet effect can occur for ac drives which create orbits that break one or more reflection symmetries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUX pinning
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - DIRECT currents
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Periodic pinning arrays
KW  - Ratchet effect
KW  - Vortex motion
N1  - Accession Number: 12838616; Reichhardt, C.; Email Address: charlesr@cnls.lanl.gov Olson Reichhardt, C.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-12, MSB628, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 404 Issue 1-4, p302; Subject Term: FLUX pinning; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: DIRECT currents; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Periodic pinning arrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ratchet effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex motion; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.09.094
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12838616&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alber, Mark S.
AU  - Jiang, Yi
AU  - Kiskowski, Maria A.
T1  - Lattice gas cellular automation model for rippling and aggregation in myxobacteria
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 191
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
SN  - 01672789
AB  - A lattice gas cellular automation (LGCA) model is used to simulate rippling and aggregation in myxobacteria. An efficient way of representing cells of different cell size, shape and orientation is presented that may be easily extended to model later stages of fruiting body formation. This LGCA model is designed to investigate whether a refractory period, a minimum response time, a maximum oscillation period and non-linear dependence of reversals of cells on C-factor are necessary assumptions for rippling. It is shown that a refractory period of 2–3 min, a minimum response time of up to 1 min and no maximum oscillation period best reproduce rippling in the experiments of Myxococcus xanthus. Non-linear dependence of reversals on C-factor is critical at high cell density. Quantitative simulations demonstrate that the increase in wavelength of ripples when a culture is diluted with non-signaling cells can be explained entirely by the decreased density of C-signaling cells. This result further supports the hypothesis that levels of C-signaling quantitatively depend on and modulate cell density. Analysis of the interpenetrating high density waves shows the presence of a phase shift analogous to the phase shift of interpenetrating solitons. Finally, a model for swarming, aggregation and early fruiting body formation is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - 87.18.Bb
KW  - 87.18.Ed
KW  - 87.18.Hf
KW  - 87.18.La
KW  - Aggregation
KW  - Cellular automata
KW  - Collective behavior
KW  - Myxobacteria
KW  - Pattern formation
KW  - Rippling
KW  - Statistical mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 12778365; Alber, Mark S. 1; Email Address: malber@nd.edu Jiang, Yi 2; Email Address: jiang@lanl.gov Kiskowski, Maria A. 1; Email Address: mkiskows@nd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Biocomplexity, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 191 Issue 3/4, p343; Author-Supplied Keyword: 87.18.Bb; Author-Supplied Keyword: 87.18.Ed; Author-Supplied Keyword: 87.18.Hf; Author-Supplied Keyword: 87.18.La; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular automata; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collective behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Myxobacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pattern formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rippling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical mechanics; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2003.11.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12778365&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dimonte, Guy
AU  - Youngs, D. L.
AU  - Dimits, A.
AU  - Weber, S.
AU  - Marinak, M.
AU  - Wunsch, S.
AU  - Garasi, C.
AU  - Robinson, A.
AU  - Andrews, M. J.
AU  - Ramaprabhu, P.
AU  - Calder, A. C.
AU  - Fryxell, B.
AU  - Biello, J.
AU  - Dursi, L.
AU  - MacNeice, P.
AU  - Olson, K.
AU  - Ricker, P.
AU  - Rosner, R.
AU  - Timmes, F.
T1  - A comparative study of the turbulent Rayleigh–Taylor instability using high-resolution three-dimensional numerical simulations: The Alpha-Group collaboration.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1668
EP  - 1693
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - The turbulent Rayleigh–Taylor instability is investigated in the limit of strong mode-coupling using a variety of high-resolution, multimode, three dimensional numerical simulations (NS). The perturbations are initialized with only short wavelength modes so that the self-similar evolution (i.e., bubble diameter Db∝amplitude hb) occurs solely by the nonlinear coupling (merger) of saturated modes. After an initial transient, it is found that hb∼αbAgt2, where A=Atwood number, g=acceleration, and t=time. The NS yield Db∼hb/3 in agreement with experiment but the simulation value αb∼0.025±0.003 is smaller than the experimental value αb∼0.057±0.008. By analyzing the dominant bubbles, it is found that the small value of αb can be attributed to a density dilution due to fine-scale mixing in our NS without interface reconstruction (IR) or an equivalent entrainment in our NS with IR. This may be characteristic of the mode coupling limit studied here and the associated αb may represent a lower bound that is insensitive to the initial amplitude. Larger values of αb can be obtained in the presence of additional long wavelength perturbations and this may be more characteristic of experiments. Here, the simulation data are also analyzed in terms of bubble dynamics, energy balance and the density fluctuation spectra. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - BIOENERGETICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12787828; Dimonte, Guy 1 Youngs, D. L. 2 Dimits, A. 3 Weber, S. 3 Marinak, M. 3 Wunsch, S. 4 Garasi, C. 5 Robinson, A. 5 Andrews, M. J. 6 Ramaprabhu, P. 6 Calder, A. C. 7 Fryxell, B. 7 Biello, J. 7 Dursi, L. 7 MacNeice, P. 8 Olson, K. 8 Ricker, P. 9 Rosner, R. 9 Timmes, F. 9; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire RG7 4PR, United Kingdom  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, Califonia 94551  4: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California  5: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0819  6: Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3123  7: University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois  8: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771  9: University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p1668; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: BIOENERGETICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688328
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12787828&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myra, J. R.
AU  - Berry, L. A.
AU  - D'ippolito, P. A.
AU  - Jaeger, E. F.
T1  - Nonlinear fluxes and forces from radio-frequency waves with application to driven flows in tokamaks.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1786
EP  - 1798
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Nonlinear rf-driven sheared flows are of interest for turbulence control and basic physics experiments. Short-wavelength slow modes are required for efficient coupling of wave momentum to the plasma, requiring a kinetic hot-plasma theory. Here, a guiding-center formulation is developed which calculates the nonlinear particle and energy fluxes, energy absorption, and nonlinear forces on the plasma using a kinetic moment approach that is valid to first order in the ratio of the gyroradius compared to the wave envelope scale length and the plasma equilibrium scale length. Both the stress tensor and Lorentz force contribute to the net force on a fluid element. The forces driving flux-surface-averaged flows in a tokamak are extracted from the parallel and toroidal components. It is shown that flux-surface-averaged flows are driven by two classes of terms: direct absorption of wave momentum and dissipative stresses. Furthermore, the general kinetic expression for the this is shown to reduce to the standard cold-fluid ponderomotive force in an appropriate limit, hut in this limit no flows are driven. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12952711; Myra, J. R. 1 Berry, L. A. 2 D'ippolito, P. A. 1 Jaeger, E. F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lodestar Research Corporation, 2400 Central Avenue, P-5, Boulder, Colorado 80301.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1786; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690298
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952711&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolesnichenko, Ya. I.
AU  - Lutsenko, V. V.
AU  - Marchenko, V. S.
AU  - White, R. B.
T1  - Double-kink fishbone instability caused by circulating energetic ions.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1803
EP  - 1809
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The destabilization of double kink modes by the circulating energetic ions in tokamaks with the plasma current having an off-axis maximum is studied. It is shown that the high-frequency fishbone instability [energetic particle mode (EPM)] and the low-frequency (diamagnetic) fishbones are possible thr such an equilibrium, their poloidal and toroidal mode numbers being not necessarily equal to unity. A new kind of the EPM instability, "doublet fishbones," is predicted. This instability is characterized by two frequencies; it can occur in a plasma with a nonmonotonic radial profile of the energetic ions when the particle orbit width is less than the width of the region where the mode is localized. It is found that the diamagnetic fishbone branch exists even when the orbit width exceeds the mode width; in this case, however, the instability growth rate is relatively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - DIAMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12952709; Kolesnichenko, Ya. I. 1 Lutsenko, V. V. 1 Marchenko, V. S. 1 White, R. B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research, Prospekt Nauky 47, Kyiv, 03680, Ukraine.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1803; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: DIAMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695351
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952709&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birn, J.
AU  - Thomsen, M. F.
AU  - Hesse, M.
T1  - Electron acceleration in the dynamic magnetotail: Test particle orbits in three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation fields.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1825
EP  - 1833
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Electron acceleration and energetic electron flux increases in the inner tail are investigated on the basis of test-particle orbits in the dynamic fields of a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation of neutral line formation and dipolarization in the magnetotail. Past models have mostly considered equatorial orbits, using the gyrocenter drill approximation. In this paper, the investigation is extended to include nonequatorial drills and full orbit integrations in regions where the drill approximation breaks down Typical acceleration mechanisms consist of betatron acceleration at large pitch angles and Fermi acceleration at small pitch angles, resulting from the dipolarization and shortening of field lines moving earthward from the neutral line. In comparison, acceleration at the near-Earth neutral line plays a negligible role in flux increases observed in the near tail. Energetic electron fluxes appear preferentially enhanced around 90° pitch angle, so that restriction to those pitch angles might lead to an overestimate of flux increases. Otherwise, the results explain the observed limitation of the range of flux enhancements between a few keV and a few hundred keV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MAGNETOTAILS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MAGNETOSPHERE
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12952706; Birn, J. 1 Thomsen, M. F. 1; Email Address: jbirn@lanl.gov Hesse, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico.  2: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1825; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNETOTAILS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MAGNETOSPHERE; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1704641
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952706&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finn, J. M.
AU  - Chacón, L.
T1  - Control of linear and nonlinear resistive wall modes.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1866
EP  - 1878
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Control of linear and nonlinear resistive wall modes (RWMs) is studied with a model that assumes: (1) a single Fourier harmonic of the normal component of the magnetic field is measured at the resistive wall; and (2) the control applied consists of that same harmonic at a larger radius, the control surface. For this model, it is shown that real gain Gr (zero phase shift) is exactly equivalent to having a perfectly conducting wall between the actual resistive wall and the control surface. It is also shown that imaginary gain Gi (&pie;/2 phase shift) is exactly equivalent to the rotation of the resistive wall, which is in turn equivalent to plasma rotation. If there are two resistive walls separated by an insulator, Gi is equivalent to the rotation of the outer wall, and this effective differential rotation of the resistive walls can stabilize the modes for arbitrary plasma rotation. Complex gain Gr+ iGi is equivalent to a closer conducting wall with rotation of the resistive wall. These equivalences are exact in two-dimensional linear theory (single Fourier harmonic k), and are good approximations when there is a spectrum of k. It is also shown in this slab model that "mode control," used in DIII-D [J. L. Luxon and L. G. Davis, Fusion Technol. 8,441(1985)], is equivalent to higher Gr. Two-dimensional nonlinear simulations of control of RWM driven by current and pressure are presented. Investigations are shown of the validity of the feedback equivalences in nonlinear theory, showing that the equivalences hold to a good approximation even when a spectrum of k is present. It is found that the real gain required to give benign saturation of the nonlinear RWMs can he much less than that required for linear stabilization, particularly near the threshold for instability with a perfectly conducting wall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - NONLINEAR acoustics
N1  - Accession Number: 12952698; Finn, J. M. 1 Chacón, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: T-15, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1866; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: NONLINEAR acoustics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689966
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952698&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berger, Richard L.
AU  - Clark, Daniel S.
AU  - Solodov, Andrei A.
AU  - Valeo, Ernest J.
AU  - Fisch, Nathaniel J.
T1  - Inverse bremsstrahlung stabilization of noise in the generation of ultrashort intense pulses by backward Raman amplification.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1931
EP  - 1937
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Inverse bremsstrahlung absorption of the pump laser beam in a backward Raman amplifier over the round-trip light transit time through the subcritical density plasma can more than double the electron temperature of the plasma and produce time-varying axial temperature gradients. The resulting increased Landau damping of the plasma wave and detuning of the resonance can act to stabilize the pump against unwanted amplification of Langmuir noise without disrupting nonlinear amplification of the femtosecond seed pulse. Because the heating rate increases with the charge state Z, only low-Z plasmas (hydrogen, helium, or helium-hydrogen mixtures) will maintain a low enough temperature for efficient operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREMSSTRAHLUNG
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - LANDAU damping
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - PLASMA radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 12952692; Berger, Richard L. 1; Email Address: berger5@llnl.gov Clark, Daniel S. 1 Solodov, Andrei A. 2 Valeo, Ernest J. 2 Fisch, Nathaniel J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore. California 94551.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p1931; Subject Term: BREMSSTRAHLUNG; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: LANDAU damping; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: PLASMA radiation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695356
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952692&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waisman, Eduardo M.
AU  - Cuneo, M. E.
AU  - Stygar, W. A.
AU  - Lemke, R. W.
AU  - Struve, K. W.
AU  - Wagoner, T. C.
T1  - Wire array implosion characteristics from determination of load inductance on the Z pulsed-power accelerator.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2009
EP  - 2013
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The time-dependent inductance of Z pinches and other loads on the Z pulsed-power accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories [R. B. Spielman et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)] is determined by using electrical measurements and a lumped-circuit analysis. One finds that ΣkαkVk-LI =d(Llll)/dt, where ΣkαkVk is the weighted sum of the Z-insulator-stack voltages, L is the equivalent inductance of the magnetically insulated transmission lines connecting the stack to the load, I is the added current thr those lines, L1 is the load inductance, and I1 is the load current. L1 obtained from this expression is used to reconstruct the motion of the outer edge of wire-array Z-pinch loads, providing an estimate of the time at which the cores start moving significantly from their initial position. Results are consistent with previous optical measurements suggesting that core motion is delayed with respect to a zero-dimensional thin-shell model of the implosion. These results provide useful insights and constraints in experimental and theoretical research of wire arrays precursor and imploding plasma properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - VOLTAGE regulators
KW  - ELECTRIC inductance
KW  - ELECTRODYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRIC inductors
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 12952683; Waisman, Eduardo M. 1 Cuneo, M. E. 1 Stygar, W. A. 1 Lemke, R. W. 1 Struve, K. W. 1 Wagoner, T. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1193.  2: Ktech Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106-4265.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2009; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: VOLTAGE regulators; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductance; Subject Term: ELECTRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductors; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689969
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952683&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moody, J. D.
AU  - Williams, E. A.
AU  - Lours, L.
AU  - Sanchez, J. J.
AU  - Berger, R. L.
AU  - Collins, G. A.
AU  - Decker, C. B.
AU  - Divol, L.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
AU  - Hammel, B. A.
AU  - Jones, R.
AU  - Kirkwood, R. K.
AU  - Kruer, W. L.
AU  - Macgowan, B. J.
AU  - Pipes, J.
AU  - Suter, L. J.
AU  - Thoe, R.
AU  - Unites, W.
AU  - Young, P. E.
T1  - First measurement of backscatter dependence on ion acoustic damping in a high density helium/hydrogen laser-plasma.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2060
EP  - 2067
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The dependence of stimulated backward and forward scattered light on ion acoustic damping (vi) is measured for the first time in a long scale length He/H2 composition plasma at a density of 0.08 critical for 351-nm laser light Both the stimulated Raman and Brillouin backscattering decrease with increasing ion acoustic damping. Modeling of the backward scattering agrees with the measurements when the Langmuir and ion acoustic fluctuations saturate at δn/n = 0.01 and 0.001, respectively. These low saturation levels cannot be explained using standard nonlinear wave decay saturation mechanisms and may indicate that other saturation mechanisms are active in this plasma. Modeling of the forward scattering agrees qualitatively with the measurements and provides an estimate of the density fluctuations in the plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - ION acoustic waves
KW  - DAMPING (Mechanics)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - BRILLOUIN scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12952677; Moody, J. D. 1 Williams, E. A. 1 Lours, L. 2 Sanchez, J. J. 1 Berger, R. L. 1 Collins, G. A. 1 Decker, C. B. 1 Divol, L. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1 Hammel, B. A. 1 Jones, R. 1 Kirkwood, R. K. 1 Kruer, W. L. 1 Macgowan, B. J. 1 Pipes, J. 1 Suter, L. J. 1 Thoe, R. 1 Unites, W. 1 Young, P. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550.  2: CEA/DIF, BP 12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2060; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: ION acoustic waves; Subject Term: DAMPING (Mechanics); Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: BRILLOUIN scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1701894
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952677&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finn, John M.
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
AU  - Li, Hui
T1  - Similarity solutions for magnetic bubble expansion.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2082
EP  - 2096
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A model for an expanding magnetic bubble or plasmoid is introduced, corresponding to a large aspect ratio torus, having one-dimensional (cylindrical) symmetry hut with three dimensional expansion, with the length of the cylinder expanding in time in the same manner as the radius. This model has a general class of similarity equations in ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) for spherical expansion. There are two parameters c, d characterizing the similarity solutions, depending on boundary conditions and conservation relations. These solutions exhibit either tangential discontinuities or shocks at the boundary, depending on the values of the constants c and d. Some of the solutions have magnetic fluxes within the bubble increasing with time, hut with smaller or zero magnetic fields outside the bubble, requiring a shock and a dynamo in the shock region. The results of simulations of one class of solutions with a Lagrangian MHD code show good agreement. Some of the properties of fully toroidal solutions of the similarity equations are derived. This model has applications to a magnetic bubble from an accretion disk around an active galactic nucleus (AGN), appropriate to the phase in which the bubble has expanded to a size much greater than the disk field length scales hut much smaller than any exterior scales. At this stage the magnetic reconnection and flux conversion stage associated with setting up the expanding bubble is completed. The model may also apply to a plasmoid formed in the solar corona. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC bubbles
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - CRYSTALS -- Magnetic properties
N1  - Accession Number: 12952674; Finn, John M. 1 Lapenta, Giovanni 1 Li, Hui 2; Affiliation:  1: T-15, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: X- 1, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2082; Subject Term: MAGNETIC bubbles; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALS -- Magnetic properties; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1710899
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milligen, B. Ph. Van
AU  - Sanchez, R.
AU  - Carreras, I. A.
T1  - Probabilistic finite-size transport models for fusion: Anomalous transport and scaling laws.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2272
EP  - 2285
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Transport in fusion plasmas in the low confinement mode is characterized by several remarkable properties: the anomalous scaling of transport with system size, stiff (or "canonical") profiles, power degradation, and rapid transport phenomena. The present article explores the possibilities of constructing a unified transport model, based on the continuous-time random walk, in which all these phenomena are handled adequately. The resulting formalism appears to be sufficiently general to provide a sound starting point for the development of a full-blown plasma transport code, capable of incorporating the relevant microscopic transport mechanisms, and allowing predictions of confinement properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - SCALING laws (Statistical physics)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 12952656; Milligen, B. Ph. Van 1 Sanchez, R. 2 Carreras, I. A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Association EURATOM-CIEMAT para Fusion, Avda. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid, Spain.  2: Department de Física, Universidad Carlos III, Avda. de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Spain.  3: Fusion Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; P.O. Box 2000, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-2001.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2272; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: SCALING laws (Statistical physics); Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1701893
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryutov, D. D.
AU  - Kesner, J.
AU  - Mauel, M. E.
T1  - Magnetic field perturbations in closed-field-line systems with zero toroidal magnetic field.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2318
EP  - 2321
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - In some plasma confinement systems [e.g., field-reversed configurations (FRC) and levitated dipoles] the confinement is provided by a closed-field-line poloidal magnetic field. The influence of the magnetic field perturbations on the structure of the magnetic field in such systems is considered and it is found that the effect of perturbations is quite different from that in the systems with a substantial toroidal field. In particular, even infinitesimal perturbations can, in principle, lead to large radial excursions of the field lines in FRCs and levitated dipoles. Under such circumstances, particle drifts and particle collisions may give rise to significant neoclassical transport Introduction of a weak regular toroidal magnetic field reduces radial excursions of the field lines and neoclassical [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - TOROIDAL harmonics
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12952650; Ryutov, D. D. 1 Kesner, J. 2 Mauel, M. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Livermore, California 94551.  2: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.  3: Department of Applied Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 1002.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2318; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: TOROIDAL harmonics; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690300
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hammer, David A.
AU  - Davidson, Ronald C.
T1  - Foreword: Papers from the 45th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2003.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2327
EP  - 2327
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Introduces papers related to plasma physics from the 45th annual meetings of the American Physics Society.
KW  - SPACE plasmas
KW  - ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.
N1  - Accession Number: 12952647; Hammer, David A. 1 Davidson, Ronald C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Cornell University Laboratory for Plasma Studies, 369 Upson Hall/LPS, Ithaca, New York 14853-7501.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory James Forrestal Campus, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2327; Subject Term: SPACE plasmas; Subject Term: ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1755221
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Held, E. D.
AU  - Callen, J. D.
AU  - Hegna, C. C.
AU  - Sovinec, C. R.
AU  - Gianakon, T. A.
AU  - Kruger, S. E.
T1  - Nonlocal closures for plasma fluid simulations.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2419
EP  - 2426
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The application of fluid models in studies of transport and macroscopic stability of magnetized, nearly collisionless plasmas requires closure relations that are inherently nonlocal. Such closures address the fact that particles are capable of carrying information over macroscopic parallel scale lengths. In this work, generalized closures that embody Landau, collisional and particle-trapping physics are derived and discussed. A gyro/bounce-averaged drift kinetic equation is solved via an expansion in eigenfunctions of the pitch-angle scattering operator and the resulting system of algebraic equations is solved by integrating along characteristics. The desired closure moments take the form of integral equations involving perturbations in the flow and temperature along magnetic field lines. Implementation of the closures in massively parallel plasma fluid simulation codes is also discussed. This implementation includes the use of a semi-implicit time advance of the fluid equations to stabilize the dominant closure terms which are introduced explicitly. Application of the nonlocal, parallel heat flow closure, q , in studies of temperature flattening across helical magnetic islands in toroidal geometry reveal a scaling of temperature versus critical island width for flattening of T ∼w d1.5 This result predicts more robust flattening at small island widths when compared to the diffusive scaling, T ∼w d1.7, which assumes a Braginskii-type parallel heat conductivity. Preliminary application of q to tokamak disruption simulations shows qualitative agreement of wall heat loads with experimental observations, smooth distribution in toroidal angle, and striation in the poloidal direction along the wall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - IONS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - GEOPHYSICS -- Fluid models
N1  - Accession Number: 12952638; Held, E. D. 1 Callen, J. D. 2 Hegna, C. C. 2 Sovinec, C. R. 2 Gianakon, T. A. 3 Kruger, S. E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Utah State University Logan, Utah 84322.  2: Center for Plasma Theory and Computation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544.  4: Science Applications International Corporation, San Diego, California 92121-1578.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2419; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS -- Fluid models; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1645520
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenberg, A. L.
AU  - Menard, J. E.
AU  - Wilson, J. R.
AU  - Medley, S. S.
AU  - Andre, R.
AU  - Phillips, C. K.
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
AU  - Leblanc, B. P.
AU  - Redi, M. H.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
AU  - Harvey, R. W.
AU  - Mau, T.K.
AU  - Jaeger, E. F
AU  - Ryan, P. M.
AU  - Swain, D. W.
AU  - Sabbagh, S. A.
AU  - Egedal, J.
T1  - Fast ion absorption of the high harmonic fast wave in the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2441
EP  - 2452
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Ion absorption of the high harmonic fast wave in a spherical torus [Y.-K. M. Peng et al., Nucl. Fusion 26, 769 (1986)] is of critical importance to assessing the viability of the wave as a means of heating and driving current. Analysis of recent National Spherical Torus Experiment [M. Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] shots has revealed that under some conditions when neutral beam and rf power are injected into the plasma simultaneously, a fast ion population with energy above the beam injection energy is sustained by the wave. In agreement with modeling, these experiments find the rf-induced fast ion tail strength and neutron rate at lower B-fields to be less enhanced, likely due to a larger β profile, which promotes greater off-axis absorption where the fast ion population is small. Ion loss codes find the increased loss fraction with decreased B insufficient to account for the changes in tail strength, providing further evidence that this is a rf interaction effect. Though greater ion absorption is predicted with lower k, surprisingly little variation in the tail was observed, along with a neutron rate enhancement with higher k. Data from the neutral particle analyzer, neutron detectors, x-ray crystal spectrometer, and Thomson scattering are presented, along with results from the TRANSP [R. J. Hawryluk, Physics of Plasmas Close to Thermonuclear Conditions 1, 19 (1981) J. P. H. E. Ongena et al., Fusion Technol. 33, 181 (1998)] transport analysis code, ray-tracing codes HPRT [J. Menard et al., Phys. Plasmas 6, 2002 (1999)], and CURRAY [T. K. Mau et al., RF Power in Plasmas: 13th Topical Conference (1999), p. 148] , full-wave code AORSA [E. F. Jaeger et al., RF Power in Plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - TORUS (Geometry)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 12952635; Rosenberg, A. L. 1; Email Address: arosenbe@pppl.gov Menard, J. E. 1 Wilson, J. R. 1 Medley, S. S. 1 Andre, R. 1 Phillips, C. K. 1 Darrow, D. S. 1 Leblanc, B. P. 1 Redi, M. H. 1 Fisch, N. J. 1 Harvey, R. W. 2 Mau, T.K. 3 Jaeger, E. F 4 Ryan, P. M. 4 Swain, D. W. 4 Sabbagh, S. A. 5 Egedal, J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  2: Comp X, Del Mar, California 92014.  3: University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  5: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.  6: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2441; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: TORUS (Geometry); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651099
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ware, A. S.
AU  - Westerly, D.
AU  - Barcikowski, E.
AU  - Berry, L. A.
AU  - Fu, G. Y.
AU  - Hirshman, S. P.
AU  - Lyon, J. F.
AU  - Sanchez, R.
AU  - Spong, D. A.
AU  - Strickler, D. J.
T1  - Second ballooning stability in high-β, compact stellarators.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2453
EP  - 2458
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Second ballooning stability is examined in quasipoloidally symmetric, compact stellarator configurations. These high-β(volume-average β>4%) free-boundary equilibria are calculated using a reference Quasi-Poloidal Stellarator (QPS) configuration. QPS plasmas have low-shear, stellarator-like rotational transform profile with &verbar;B&verbar; that is approximately poloidally symmetric. The high-β QPS equilibria are similar in their magnetic configuration to previously studied tokamak-stellarator hybrids which have a high-shear, tokamak-like rotational transform profile. Both types of configurations have strong magnetic wells and consequently high interchange stability β limits. Free-boundary QPS equilibria have regions of second stability at high β. For infinite-n ballooning modes in QPS plasmas, the boundary for first instability is 〈b〉∼2% and the boundary for second stability is 〈bβ∼6%. Finite-n ballooning mode calculations show higher β limits, 〈b〉>5%. Increasing plasma current (for fixed plasma pressure) can lower the finite-n ballooning mode β-limit to 〈b〉=3% by reducing magnetic shear. QPS plasmas with Ohmic current profiles (peaked on-axis) have both a lower infinite-n ballooning β-limit for the onset of first instability and a higher β-limit for the onset of second stability relative to QPS plasma with bootstrap current profiles (peaked off-axis). QPS plasmas are stable to low-n ideal magnetohydrodynamic kink modes and vertical modes for values of β in this range (〈β〉∼6%) due to the low level of plasma current in QPS relative to an equivalent tokamak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA devices
N1  - Accession Number: 12952634; Ware, A. S. 1; Email Address: aware@selway.umt.edu Westerly, D. 1 Barcikowski, E. 1 Berry, L. A. 2 Fu, G. Y. 3 Hirshman, S. P. 2 Lyon, J. F. 2 Sanchez, R. 4 Spong, D. A. 2 Strickler, D. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  4: Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2453; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, J. C.
AU  - Bonoli, P. T.
AU  - Brambilla, M.
AU  - Meo, F.
AU  - D'azevedo, E.
AU  - Batchelor, D. B.
AU  - Jaeger, E. F
AU  - Berry, L. A.
AU  - Phillips, C. K.
AU  - Pletzer, A.
T1  - Full wave simulations of fast wave mode conversion and lower hybrid wave propagation in tokamaks.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2473
EP  - 2479
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Fast wave (FW) studies of mode conversion (MC) processes at the ion-ion hybrid layer in toroidal plasmas must capture the disparate scales of the FW and mode converted ion Bernstein and ion cyclotron waves. Correct modeling of the MC layer requires resolving wavelengths on the order of k . ρi∼1 which leads to a scaling of the maximum poloidal mode number, Mmax, proportional to 1/ρ* (&rho*≡ 7ρi/L). The computational resources needed scale with the number of radial (Nr), poloidal (Nθ), and toroidal (N φ) elements as Nr*Nφ*Nθ³. Two full wave codes, a massively-parallel-processor (MPP) version of the TORIC-2D finite Larmor radius code [M. Brambilla, Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 41, 1 (1999)] and also an all orders spectral code AORSA2D [E. F. Jaeger et al., Phys. Plasmas 9, 1873 (2002)], have been developed which for the first time are capable of achieving the resolution and speed necessary to address mode conversion phenomena in full two-dimensional (2-D) toroidal geometry. These codes have been used in conjunction with theory and experimental data from the Alcator C-Mod [I. H. Hutchinson et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 1511 (1994)] to gain new understanding into the nature of FWMC in tokamaks. The massively-parallel-processor version of TORIC is also now capable of running with sufficient resolution to model planned lower hybrid range of frequencies experiments in the Alcator C-Mod. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLOTRON waves
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 12952631; Wright, J. C. 1; Email Address: jcwright@mit.edu Bonoli, P. T. 1 Brambilla, M. 2 Meo, F. 2 D'azevedo, E. 3 Batchelor, D. B. 3 Jaeger, E. F 3 Berry, L. A. 3 Phillips, C. K. 4 Pletzer, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.  2: Max-Planck-Institut: fü Plasmaphysik, Euratom Association, Boltzmannstrasse 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany.  3: P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8071.  4: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2473; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON waves; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652731
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fiore, C. L.
AU  - Bonoli, P. T.
AU  - Ernst, D. R.
AU  - Hubbard, A. E.
AU  - Greenwald, M. J.
AU  - Lynn, A.
AU  - Marmar, E. S.
AU  - Phillips, P.
AU  - Redi, M. H.
AU  - Rice, J. E.
AU  - Wolfe, S. M.
AU  - Wukitch, S. J.
AU  - Zhurovich, K.
T1  - Control of internal transport barriers on Alcator C-Mod.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2480
EP  - 2487
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Recent studies of internal transport and double transport barrier regimes in the Alcator C-Mod [I. H. Hutchinson et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 1511 (1994)] have explored the limits for forming, maintaining, and controlling these plasmas. The C-Mod provides a unique platform for studying such discharges: the ions and electrons are tightly coupled by collisions and the plasma has no internal particle or momentum sources. The double-barrier mode comprised of an edge barrier with an internal transport barrier (ITB) can be induced at will using off-axis ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) injection on either the low or high field side of the plasma with either of the available ICRF frequencies (70 or 80 MHz). When an enhanced Dα high confinement mode (EDA H-mode) is accessed in Ohmic plasmas, the double barrier ITB forms spontaneously if the H-mode is sustained for ∼2 energy confinement times. The ITBs formed in both Ohmic and ICRF heated plasmas are quite similar regardless of the trigger method. They are characterized by strong central peaking of the electron density, and a reduction of the core particle and energy transport. The control of impurity influx and heating of the core plasma in the presence of the ITB have been achieved with the addition of central ICRF power in both the Ohmic H-mode and ICRF induced ITBs. The radial location of the particle transport barrier is dependent on the toroidal magnetic field but not on the location of the ICRF resonance. A narrow region of decreased electron thermal transport, as determined by sawtooth heat pulse analysis, is found in these plasmas as well. Transport analysis indicates that a reduction of the particle diffusivity in the barrier region allows the neoclassical pinch to drive the density and impurity accumulation in the plasma center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - IONS
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
N1  - Accession Number: 12952630; Fiore, C. L. 1; Email Address: fiore@psfc.mit.edu Bonoli, P. T. 1 Ernst, D. R. 1 Hubbard, A. E. 1 Greenwald, M. J. 1 Lynn, A. 2 Marmar, E. S. 1 Phillips, P. 2 Redi, M. H. 3 Rice, J. E. 1 Wolfe, S. M. 1 Wukitch, S. J. 1 Zhurovich, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.  2: Fusion Research Center. University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton. NJ.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2480; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652785
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952630&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zoncat, Fuivio
AU  - White, Roscoe B.
AU  - Liu Chen
T1  - Nonlinear paradigm for drift wave–zonal flow interplay: Coherence, chaos, and turbulence.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2488
EP  - 2496
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Starting from the coherent four-wave drift wave-zonal flow modulation interaction model of Chen, Lin, and White [Phys. Plasmas 7, 3129 (2000)], nonlinear equations for drift wave-zonal flow interplay are systematically derived from first principles for nonuniform toroidal plasmas. The paradigm model, presented here, is based on a hierarchy in nonlinear wave-wave couplings, which assumes that different drift wave interactions on the shortest nonlinear time scale are mediated by zonal flows. The resulting coherent model demonstrates turbulence spreading to be the cause of transport scaling with system size. The nonlinear saturated state can be either coherent, with limit cycles, or chaotic, depending on the proximity to marginal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRIFT waves
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - COHERENCE (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - CHAOS theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12952629; Zoncat, Fuivio 1 White, Roscoe B. 2 Liu Chen 3; Affiliation:  1: Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, C.R. Frascati, C. P. 65-00044 Frascati, Italy.  2: Princeton plasma Physics Laboratory P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92717-4575.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2488; Subject Term: DRIFT waves; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: CHAOS theory; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652811
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952629&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chu, M. S.
AU  - Bondeson, A.
AU  - Chance, M. S.
AU  - Liu, Y.Q.
AU  - Garofalo, A. M.
AU  - Glasser, A. H.
AU  - Jackson, G. L.
AU  - Haye, R. J. La
AU  - Lao, L. L.
AU  - Navratil, G. A.
AU  - Okabayashi, M.
AU  - Remierdes, H.
AU  - Scoville, J. T.
AU  - Strait, E. J.
T1  - Modeling of feedback and rotation stabilization of the resistive wall mode in tokamaks.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2497
EP  - 2504
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Steady-state operation of the advanced tokamak reactor relies on maintaining plasma stability with respect to the resistive wall mode (RWM). Active magnetic feedback and plasma rotation are the two methods proposed and demonstrated for this purpose. A comprehensive modeling effort including both magnetic feedback and plasma rotation is needed for understanding the physical mechanisms of the stabilization and to project to future devices. For plasma with low rotation, a complete solution for the feedback issue is obtained by assuming the plasma obeys ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHDs) and utilizing a normal mode approach (NMA) [M. S. Chu et al., Nucl. Fusion 43, 441 (2003)]. It is found that poloidal sensors are more effective than radial sensors and coils inside of the vacuum vessel more effective than outside. For plasmas with non-negligible rotation, a comprehensive linear nonideal MHD code, the MARS-F has been found to be suitable. MARS-F [Y. Q. Liu et al., Phys. Plasmas 7, 3681 (2000)] has been benchmarked in the ideal MHD limit against the NMA. The effect of rotation stabilization of the plasma depends on the plasma dissipation model. Broad qualitative features of the experiment are reproduced. Rotation reduces the feedback gain required for RWM stabilization. Reduction is significant when rotation is near the critical rotation speed needed for stabilization. The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) [R. Aymar et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 44, 519 (2002)] (scenario IV for advanced tokamak operation) may be feedback stabilized with β; above the no wall limit and up to an increment of ∼50% towards the ideal limit. Rotation further improves the stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FEEDBACK (Electronics)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12952628; Chu, M. S. 1; Email Address: chum@gav.gat.com Bondeson, A. 2 Chance, M. S. 3 Liu, Y.Q. 2 Garofalo, A. M. 4 Glasser, A. H. 5 Jackson, G. L. 1 Haye, R. J. La 1 Lao, L. L. 1 Navratil, G. A. 4 Okabayashi, M. 3 Remierdes, H. 4 Scoville, J. T. 1 Strait, E. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186-5608.  2: Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg, Sweden.  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  4: Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2497; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FEEDBACK (Electronics); Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652876
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952628&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strait, E. J.
AU  - Bialek, J. M.
AU  - Bogatu, I. N.
AU  - Chance, M. S.
AU  - Chu, M. S.
AU  - Edgell, D. H.
AU  - Garofalo, A. M.
AU  - Jackson, G. L.
AU  - Jayakumar, R. J.
AU  - Jensen, T. H.
AU  - Katsuro-Hopkins, O.
AU  - Kim, J. S.
AU  - Haye, R. J. La
AU  - Lao, L. L.
AU  - Makowski, M.A.
AU  - Navratil, G.A.
AU  - Okabayashi, M.
AU  - Reimerdes, H.
AU  - Scoville, J. T.
AU  - Turnbull, A. D.
T1  - Resistive wall mode stabilization with internal feedback coils in DIII-D.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2505
EP  - 2513
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A set of twelve coils for stability control has recently been installed inside the DIII-D [J. L. Luxon, Nucl. Fusion 42, 614 (2002)] vacuum vessel, offering faster time response and a wider range of applied mode spectra than the previous external coils. Stabilization of the n=1 ideal kink mode is crucial to many high beta, steady-state tokamak scenarios. A resistive wall converts the kink to a slowly growing resistive wall mode (RWM). With feedback-controlled error field correction, rotational stabilization of the RWM has been sustained for more than 2.5 s. Using the internal coils, the required correction field is smaller than with the external coils, consistent with a better match to the mode spectrum of the error field. Initial experiments in direct feedback control have stabilized the RWMs at higher beta and lower rotation than could be achieved by the external coils in similar plasmas, in qualitative agreement with numerical modeling. The new coils have also allowed wall stabilization in plasmas with toroidal beta up to 6%, almost 50% greater than the no wall limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12952627; Strait, E. J. 1; Email Address: strait@fusion.gat.com Bialek, J. M. 2 Bogatu, I. N. 3 Chance, M. S. 4 Chu, M. S. 1 Edgell, D. H. 3 Garofalo, A. M. 2 Jackson, G. L. 1 Jayakumar, R. J. 5 Jensen, T. H. 1 Katsuro-Hopkins, O. 2 Kim, J. S. 3 Haye, R. J. La 1 Lao, L. L. 1 Makowski, M.A. 5 Navratil, G.A. 2 Okabayashi, M. 4 Reimerdes, H. 2 Scoville, J. T. 1 Turnbull, A. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608.  2: Columbia University, 200 S. W. Mudd, 500 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027.  3: Far-Tech, Inc., 10350 Science Center Drive, Building 14, Suite 150, San Diego, California 92121-1129.  4: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory; P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451.  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550-9234.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2505; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1666238
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952627&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petty, C. C.
AU  - Luce, T. C.
AU  - Mcdonald, D. C.
AU  - Mandrekas, J.
AU  - Wade, M. R.
AU  - Candy, J.
AU  - Cordey, J. G.
AU  - Drozdov, V.
AU  - Evans, T. E.
AU  - Ferron, J. R.
AU  - Groebner, R. J.
AU  - Hyatt, A. W.
AU  - Jackson, G. L.
AU  - Haye, R. J. La
AU  - Osborne, T. H.
AU  - Waltz, R. E.
T1  - Beta scaling of transport on the DIII-D Tokamak: Is transport electrostatic or electromagnetic?
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2514
EP  - 2522
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Determining the scaling of transport with beta (β), the ratio of the plasma kinetic pressure to the magnetic pressure, helps to differentiate between various proposed theories of turbulent transport since mechanisms that are primarily electrostatic show little change in transport with increasing β, while primarily electromagnetic mechanisms generally have a strong unfavorable β scaling. Experiments on the DIII-D tokamak [J.L. Luxon, Nucl. Fusion 42, 614 (2002)] have measured the β scaling of heat transport with all of the other dimensionless parameters held constant in high confinement mode (H-mode) plasmas with edge localized modes. A four point scan varied β from 30% to 85% of the ideal ballooning stability limit (normalized beta from 1.0 to 2.8) and found no change in the normalized confinement time, i.e., B τth∞ β0.01-0.09. The measured thermal diffusivities, normalized to the Bohm diffusion coefficient, also did not vary during the bscan to within the experimental uncertainties, whereas the normalized helium particle transport decreased with increasing β. The H-mode pedestal β varied in concert with the core band showed no signs of saturation. This weak, possibly nonexistent, β scaling of transport favors primarily electrostatic mechanisms such as E×B transport, and is in marked disagreement with the strong unfavorable β dependence contained in empirical scaling relations derived from multimachine H-mode confinement databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
N1  - Accession Number: 12952626; Petty, C. C. 1; Email Address: petty@fusion.gat.com Luce, T. C. 1 Mcdonald, D. C. 1,2 Mandrekas, J. 1,3 Wade, M. R. 1,4 Candy, J. 1 Cordey, J. G. 1,4 Drozdov, V. 1,4 Evans, T. E. 1 Ferron, J. R. 1 Groebner, R. J. 1 Hyatt, A. W. 1 Jackson, G. L. 1 Haye, R. J. La 1 Osborne, T. H. 1 Waltz, R. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, PO. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186.  2: Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Center. Abingdon, Oxfordshire. United Kingdom.  3: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta. Georgia.  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2514; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1666263
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952626&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Intrator, T.
AU  - Zhang, S. Y.
AU  - Degnan, J. H.
AU  - Furno, I.
AU  - Grabowski, C.
AU  - Hsu, S. C.
AU  - Ruden, E. L.
AU  - Sanchez, P. G.
AU  - Taccetti, J. M.
AU  - Tuszewski, M.
AU  - Waganaar, W. J.
AU  - Wurden, G. A.
T1  - A high density field reversed configuration (FRC) target for magnetized target fusion: First internal profile measurements of a high density FRC.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2580
EP  - 2585
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Magnetized target fusion (MTF) is a potentially low cost path to fusion, intermediate in plasma regime between magnetic and inertial fusion energy. It requires compression of a magnetized target plasma and consequent heating to fusion relevant conditions inside a converging flux conserver. To demonstrate the physics basis for MTF, a field reversed configuration (FRC) target plasma has been chosen that will ultimately be compressed within an imploding metal liner. The required FRC will need large density, and this regime is being explored by the FRX-L (FRC-Liner) experiment. All theta pinch formed FRCs have some shock heating during formation, but FRX-L depends further on large ohmic heating from magnetic flux annihilation to heat the high density (2-5 ×1022m³), plasma to a temperature of Te+Ti&ap;500 eV. At the field null, anomalous resistivity is typically invoked to characterize the resistive like flux dissipation process. The first resistivity estimate for a high density collisional FRC is shown here. The flux dissipation process is both a key issue for MTF and an important underlying physics question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON configuration
KW  - TARGETS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
N1  - Accession Number: 12952618; Intrator, T. 1 Zhang, S. Y. 1 Degnan, J. H. 2 Furno, I. 1 Grabowski, C. 2 Hsu, S. C. 1 Ruden, E. L. 2 Sanchez, P. G. 1 Taccetti, J. M. 1 Tuszewski, M. 1 Waganaar, W. J. 1 Wurden, G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87117.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2580; Subject Term: ELECTRON configuration; Subject Term: TARGETS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689666
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952618&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorelenkov, N. N.
AU  - Belova, E.
AU  - Berk, H. L.
AU  - Cheng, C. Z.
AU  - Fredrickson, E.
AU  - Heidbrink, W. W.
AU  - Kaye, S.
AU  - Kramer, G. J.
T1  - Beam ion driven instabilities in the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2586
EP  - 2593
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Recent progress in the analysis of the low and high frequency beam ion driven instabilities in the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment (NSTX) [S. Kaye et al., Fusion Technol. 36, 16 (1999)] plasma is reported. The low Alfvén speed with respect to the beam ion injection velocity in NSTX offers a window in the plasma parameter space to study instabilities driven by super-Alfvénic fusion alphas, which are expected in the International Tokamak Experimental Reactor-ITER [D. J. Campbell, Phys. Plasmas 8, 2041 (2001)]. Low frequency magnetic field activities identified as an instability of toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) have been observed in NSTX and analyzed with the linear hybrid kinetic magnetohydrodynamic stability code NOVA-K [C. Z. Cheng, Phys. Rep. 1, 211 (1992)]. The comparison between the TAE analysis and observations in NSTX and DIII-D [J. L. Luxon, Nucl. Fusion 42, 614 (2002)] similarity experiments confirms that the toroidal mode number of the most unstable TAE modes scales with q² and is independent of plasma major radius, where q is the safety factor. This scaling helps validate the predictive capability of the NOVA-K code for studying TAE stability in future burning plasma devices. The subion cyclotron frequency magnetic activities in NSTX are identified as compressional and global shear Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) (CAEs and GAEs). CAE and GAE instabilities are driven by beam ions via the Doppler shifted cyclotron resonance by the velocity space bump-on-tail distribution function in the perpendicular velocity. Results of the GAE/CAE theoretical and numerical analysis are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12952617; Gorelenkov, N. N. 1 Belova, E. 1 Berk, H. L. 2 Cheng, C. Z. 1 Fredrickson, E. 1 Heidbrink, W. W. 3 Kaye, S. 1 Kramer, G. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451.  2: lnstitute for Fusion Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712.  3: University of California, Irvine, California 92697.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2586; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689667
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952617&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parker, S. E.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Wan, W.
AU  - Cohen, B. I.
AU  - Nevins, W. M.
T1  - Electromagnetic gyrokinetic simulations.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2594
EP  - 2599
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A new electromagnetic kinetic electron δf particle simulation model has been demonstrated to work well at large values of plasma β times the ion-to-electron mass ratio [Y. Chen and S. E. Parker, J. Comput. Phys. 198, 463 (2003)]. The simulation is three-dimensional using toroidal flux-tube geometry and includes electron-ion collisions. The model shows accurate shear Alfvén wave damping and microtearing physics. Zonal flows with kinetic electrons are found to be turbulent with the spectrum peaking at zero and having a width in the frequency range of the driving turbulence. This is in contrast with adiabatic electron cases where the zonal flows are near stationary, even though the linear behavior of the zonal flow is not significantly affected by kinetic electrons. Zonal fields are found to be very weak, consistent with theoretical predictions for β below the kinetic ballooning limit. Detailed spectral analysis of the turbulence data is presented in the various limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - IONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - TURBULENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12952616; Parker, S. E. 1 Chen, Y. 1 Wan, W. 1 Cohen, B. I. 2 Nevins, W. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Colorado, Boulder Colorado 80309.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2594; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689668
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952616&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenfield, C. M.
AU  - Murakami, M.
AU  - Ferron, J. R.
AU  - Wade, M. R.
AU  - Luce, T. C.
AU  - Petty, C. C.
AU  - Menard, J. E.
AU  - Petrie, T. W.
AU  - Allen, S. L.
AU  - Burrell, K. H.
AU  - Casper, T. A.
AU  - Deboo, J. C.
AU  - Doyle, E. J.
AU  - Garofalo, A. M.
AU  - Gorelov, I. A.
AU  - Groebner, R. J.
AU  - Hobirk, J.
AU  - Hyatt, A. W.
AU  - Jaykumar, R. J.
AU  - Kessel, C. E.
T1  - High performance advanced tokamak regimes in DIII-D for next-step experiments.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2616
EP  - 2626
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Advanced Tokamak (AT) research in DIII-D [K. H. Burrell for the DIII-D Team, in Proceedings of the 19th Fusion Energy Conference, Lyon, France, 2002 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2002) published on CD-ROM] seeks to provide a scientific basis for steady-state high performance operation in future devices. These regimes require high toroidal beta to maximize fusion output and poloidal beta to maximize the self-driven bootstrap current. Achieving these conditions requires integrated, simultaneous control of the current and pressure profiles, and active magnetohydrodynamic stability control. The building blocks for AT operation are in hand. Resistive wall mode stabilization via plasma rotation and active feedback with nonaxisymmetric coils allows routine operation above the no-wall beta limit. Neoclassical tearing modes are stabilized by active feedback control of localized electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). Plasma shaping and profile control provide further improvements. Under these conditions, bootstrap supplies most of the current. Steady-state operation requires replacing the remaining Ohmic current, mostly located near the half radius, with noninductive external sources. In DIII-D this current is provided by ECCD, and nearly stationary AT discharges have been sustained with little remaining Ohmic current. Fast wave current drive is being developed to control the central magnetic shear. Density control, with divertor cryopumps, of AT discharges with edge localized moding H-mode edges facilitates high current drive efficiency at reactor relevant collisionalities. A sophisticated plasma control system allows integrated control of these elements. Close coupling between modeling and experiment is key to understanding the separate elements, their complex nonlinear interactions, and their integration into self-consistent high performance scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - BOOTSTRAPPING (Statistics)
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources
KW  - OPTICAL disk drives
N1  - Accession Number: 12952613; Greenfield, C. M. 1 Murakami, M. 2 Ferron, J. R. 1 Wade, M. R. 2 Luce, T. C. 1 Petty, C. C. 1 Menard, J. E. 3 Petrie, T. W. 1 Allen, S. L. 4 Burrell, K. H. 1 Casper, T. A. 4 Deboo, J. C. 1 Doyle, E. J. 5 Garofalo, A. M. 6 Gorelov, I. A. 1 Groebner, R. J. 1 Hobirk, J. 7 Hyatt, A. W. 1 Jaykumar, R. J. 4 Kessel, C. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton, New Jersey.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California.  5: University of California, Los Angeles, California.  6: Columbia University, New York, New York.  7: Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2616; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: BOOTSTRAPPING (Statistics); Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources; Subject Term: OPTICAL disk drives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1692133
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952613&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, X. Z.
AU  - Boozer, A. H.
T1  - Current drive by coaxial helicity injection in a spherical torus.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2679
EP  - 2687
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Noninductive current drive by coaxial helicity injection can be understood through the poloidal flux evolution of the toroidally averaged magnetic field &Bar;0. In the open flux region of &Bar;0 , electrostatic biasing provides an effective loop voltage that overcomes the resistive decay and supports the dynamo loop voltage in the closed flux region via the primary nonaxisymmetric open field line kinks. The current gradient in the closed flux region of &Bar;0 drives secondary nonaxisymmetric closed flux magnetohydrodynamical modes that facilitate further current relaxation toward the magnetic axis. The decreasing parallel current gradient and high-q magnetic surfaces as one approaches the magnetic axis implies that the eventual current relaxation consistent with magnetic confinement must benefit from a cascade of weaker and comparatively short wavelength modes localized to the high-q resonant home flux surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity
KW  - TORUS (Geometry)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - SURFACES (Geometry)
N1  - Accession Number: 12952608; Tang, X. Z. 1 Boozer, A. H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2679; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity; Subject Term: TORUS (Geometry); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: SURFACES (Geometry); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1707028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952608&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yaakobi, B.
AU  - Meyerhofer, D. D.
AU  - Boehly, T. R.
AU  - Rehr, J. J.
AU  - Remington, B. A.
AU  - Allen, P. G.
AU  - Pollaine, S. M.
AU  - Albers, R. C.
T1  - Extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements of laser shocks in Ti and V and phase transformation in Ti.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2688
EP  - 2695
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A laser-source-based extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurement has been used to study the properties of laser-shocked metals on a nanosecond time scale. The ability of measuring shock-induced temperatures of the order of 0.1 eV is essentially unique to EXAFS. EXAFS measurement of vanadium shocked to ∼0.5 Mbar with a 3 ns laser pulse yields a compression and temperature in good agreement with hydrodynamic simulations and with shock-speed measurements. In laser-shocked titanium at the same pressure, the EXAFS modulation damping is much higher than warranted by the increase in temperature. This is explained by the α-Ti to ω-Ti phase transformation known to occur around ∼0.1 Mbar in the longer ( ms) shocks obtained in gas-gun experiments. In the ω-Ti phase, the disparate neighbor distances cause a beating of the modulation frequencies and thus an increased damping. These results demonstrate that EXAFS measurements can be used for the study of nanosecond-scale shocks and phase transformation in metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 12952607; Yaakobi, B. 1 Meyerhofer, D. D. 1 Boehly, T. R. 1 Rehr, J. J. 2 Remington, B. A. 3 Allen, P. G. 3 Pollaine, S. M. 3 Albers, R. C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester 250 East River Road, Rochester New York 14623.  2: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 95550.  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87555.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2688; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646673
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952607&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevenson, R. M.
AU  - Suter, L. J.
AU  - Oades, K.
AU  - Kruer, W.
AU  - Slark, G. E.
AU  - Fournier, K. B.
AU  - Meezan, N.
AU  - Kauffman, R.
AU  - Miller, M.
AU  - Glenzer, S.
AU  - Niemann, C.
AU  - Gruri, J.
AU  - Davis, J.
AU  - Back, C.
AU  - Thomas, B.
T1  - Effects of plasma composition on backscatter, hot electron production, and propagation in underdense plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2709
EP  - 2715
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A series of underdense laser plasma interaction experiments performed on the Helen laser [M. J. Norman et al., Appl. Opt. 41, 3497 (2002)] at the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE), U.K., using 2ω light have uncovered a strong dependence of laser backscatter and hot electron production on plasma composition. Using low-Z materials, we find a behavior familiar from previous 3ω work, the interchange of stimulated Raman scattering for Brillouin scattering as we change from gases that have high ion wave damping (e.g., C5H12) to gases with low ion wave damping (e.g., CO2). However, as Z is increased, we find that Brillouin scattering drops while Raman scattering remains low. For gases with Z greater than 18, it is possible to have long scalelength, underdense plasmas with both low Brillouin and Raman backscatter losses. Complementary measurements of hot electron production show efficient production of hot electrons in C5H12 plasmas approaching 0.25ncr, but changing the plasma composition can greatly suppress the hot electron production, even near 0.25ncr. Additional experiments indicate that by adding small amounts of high Z dopant, significant changes to the backscatter and hot electron production in cr targets may be produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - HOT carriers
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - IONS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12952604; Stevenson, R. M. 1 Suter, L. J. 2 Oades, K. 1 Kruer, W. 2 Slark, G. E. 1 Fournier, K. B. 2 Meezan, N. 2 Kauffman, R. 2 Miller, M. 2 Glenzer, S. 2 Niemann, C. 2 Gruri, J. 3 Davis, J. 4 Back, C. 2 Thomas, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.  3: National Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375.  4: Alme & Associates, Alexandria, Virgian 22303.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2709; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: HOT carriers; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651490
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952604&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, D. C.
AU  - Cranfill, C. W.
AU  - Christensen, C.
AU  - Forster, R. A.
AU  - Peterson, R. R.
AU  - Hoffman, N. M.
AU  - Pollak, G. D.
AU  - Li, C. K.
AU  - Séguin, F H.
AU  - Frenje, J. A.
AU  - Petrasso, R. D.
AU  - McKenty, P. W.
AU  - Marshall, F. J.
AU  - Glebov, V. Yu.
AU  - Stoeckl, C.
AU  - Schmid, G. J.
AU  - Izumi, N.
AU  - Amendt, P.
T1  - Multifluid interpenetration mixing in directly driven inertial confinement fusion capsule implosions.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2723
EP  - 2728
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Mixing between the shell and fuel in directly driven single shell capsule implosions causes changes in yield, burn history, burn temperature, areal density, x-ray image shape, and the presence of atomic mix. Most observations are consistent with a mix model using the same values of its single free parameter as with indirectly driven single shell and double shell capsules. Greater mixing at lower gas pressure fills reduces capsule yield. Time dependent mixing growth causes truncation of the burn history. This emphasizes early yield from the center of the capsule, raising the observed burn temperature. Mixed fuel areal densities are lower because fuel moves through the shell and the observation weights earlier times when areal density is lower. Shell x-ray emission mixing into the fuel fills in the limb brightened image to produce a central peak. Implosions of ³He filled capsules with a layer of deuterated plastic show substantial atomic mix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - FUEL
N1  - Accession Number: 12952602; Wilson, D. C. 1; Email Address: dew@lanl.gov Cranfill, C. W. 1 Christensen, C. 1 Forster, R. A. 1 Peterson, R. R. 1 Hoffman, N. M. 1 Pollak, G. D. 1 Li, C. K. 2 Séguin, F H. 2 Frenje, J. A. 2 Petrasso, R. D. 2 McKenty, P. W. 3 Marshall, F. J. 3 Glebov, V. Yu. 3 Stoeckl, C. 3 Schmid, G. J. 4 Izumi, N. 4 Amendt, P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts, Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.  3: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2723; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: FUEL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667486
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952602&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garasi, C. J.
AU  - Bliss, D. E.
AU  - Mehlhom, T. A.
AU  - Oliver, B. V.
AU  - Robinson, A. C.
AU  - Sarkisov, G. S.
T1  - Multi-dimensional high energy density physics modeling and simulation of wire array Z-pinch physics.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2729
EP  - 2737
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) versions of ALEGRA-HEDP [A. C. Robinson and C. J. Garasi, ''Three-dimensional Z-pinch wire array modeling,'' Computer Physics Communications, submitted] have been utilized to simulate discrete wire effects including precursor formation in 2D (r-θ plane) and nonuniform axial ablation (3D). Comparisons made between 2D and 3D simulations indicate that 2D simulations overestimate the mass ablation rate by a factor of 10-100 with respect to the 3D case, causing pre-mature motion of the array with respect to experimental data. Additionally, the 2D case advects a factor of 5 more current to axis than the 3D case. The integrity of the simulations is assessed by comparing the results to laser imaging of wire ablation and array trajectory information inferred from visible and x-ray imaging. Comparisons to previously proposed ablation models are also presented. These simulations represent the first high-fidelity three-dimensional calculations of wire-array pinch geometries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 12952601; Garasi, C. J. 1 Bliss, D. E. 1 Mehlhom, T. A. 1 Oliver, B. V. 2 Robinson, A. C. 1 Sarkisov, G. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  2: Mission Research Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110.  3: K-Tech Corporation, Albuquerque,  New Mexico, 87185.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2729; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1683506
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952601&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suter, L. J.
AU  - Glenzer, S.
AU  - Haan, S.
AU  - Hammel, B.
AU  - Manes, K.
AU  - Meezan, N.
AU  - Moody, J.
AU  - Spaeth, M.
AU  - Divol, L.
AU  - Oades, K.
AU  - Stevenson, M.
T1  - Prospects for high-gain, high yield National Ignition Facility targets driven by 2ω (green) light.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2738
EP  - 2745
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The National Ignition Facility (NIF) [J. A. Paisner, E. M. Campbell, and W. J. Hogan, Fusion Technol. 26, 755 (1994)], operating at green (2ω) light, has the potential to drive ignition targets with significantly more energy than the 1.8 MJ it will produce with its baseline, blue (3ω) operations. This results in a greatly increased ''target design space,'' providing a number of exciting opportunities for fusion research. These include the prospect of ignition experiments with capsules absorbing energies in the vicinity of 1 MJ. This significant increase in capsule absorbed energy over the original designs at ∼150 kJ could allow high-gain, high yield experiments on NIF. This paper reports the progress made exploring 2ω for NIF ignition, including potential 2ω laser performance, 2ω ignition target designs, and 2ω laser plasma interaction studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - ELECTRON beams
N1  - Accession Number: 12952600; Suter, L. J. 1 Glenzer, S. 1 Haan, S. 1 Hammel, B. 1 Manes, K. 1 Meezan, N. 1 Moody, J. 1 Spaeth, M. 1 Divol, L. 1 Oades, K. 2 Stevenson, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory University of California, Livermore, California 94551.  2: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, United Kingdom.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2738; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687725
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952600&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregori, G.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
AU  - Rogers, F. J.
AU  - Pollaine, S. M.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Blancard, C.
AU  - Faussurier, G.
AU  - Renaudin, P.
AU  - Kuhlbrodt, S.
AU  - Redmer, R.
T1  - Electronic structure measurements of dense plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2754
EP  - 2762
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - This paper presents an improved analytical expression for the x-ray dynamic structure factor from a dense plasma which includes the effects of weakly bound electrons. This result can be applied to describe scattering from low to moderate Z plasmas, and it covers the entire range of plasma conditions that can be found in inertial confinement fusion experiments, from ideal to degenerate up to moderately coupled systems. The theory is used to interpret x-ray scattering experiments from solid density carbon plasmas and to extract accurate measurements of electron temperature, electron density, and charge state. The experimental results are applied to validate various equation-of-state models for carbon plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - a
N1  - Accession Number: 12952598; Gregori, G. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1 Rogers, F. J. 1 Pollaine, S. M. 1 Landen, O. L. 1 Blancard, C. 2 Faussurier, G. 2 Renaudin, P. 2 Kuhlbrodt, S. 3 Redmer, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551.  2: Departement de Physique Thérique et Appliquée, CEA/DAM lle-de-France, BP12, 91680 Bruyéres-le-Chatel Cedex, France.  3: Universität Rostock, Fachbereich Physik, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18051, Rostock, Germany.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2754; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: a; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689664
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952598&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, C. R.
AU  - Wilson, D. C.
AU  - Barnes, Cris W.
AU  - Grim, G. P.
AU  - Morgan, G. L.
AU  - Wilke, M. D.
AU  - Marshall, F. J.
AU  - Glebov, V. Yu.
AU  - Stoeckl, C.
T1  - The influence of asymmetry on mix in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2771
EP  - 2777
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The mix of shell material into the fuel of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions is thought to be a major cause of the failure of most ICF experiments to achieve the fusion yield predicted by computer codes. Implosion asymmetry is a simple measurable quantity that is expected to affect the mix. In order to measure the coupling of asymmetry to mix in ICF implosions, we have performed experiments on the OMEGA laser [T. R. Boehly et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, 508 (1995)] that vary the energy of each of the sixty beams individually to achieve a given fraction of L2, the second-order Legendre polynomial. Prolate, symmetric, and oblate implosions resulted. Three different fill pressures were used. Simultaneous x-ray and neutron images were obtained. The experiments were modeled with a radiation/hydrodynamics code using the multi-fluid interpenetration mix model of Scannapieco and Cheng. It fits the data well with a single value of its one adjustable parameter (0.07±0.01). This agreement is demonstrated by neutron yield, x-ray images, neutron images, and ion temperatures. The degree of decline of the neutron yield with asymmetry at different fill pressures provides a hard constraint on ICF mix modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
KW  - LASERS
KW  - COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ASYMMETRY (Chemistry)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
N1  - Accession Number: 12952596; Christensen, C. R. 1; Email Address: eechristensen@lanl.gov Wilson, D. C. 1 Barnes, Cris W. 1 Grim, G. P. Morgan, G. L. 1 Wilke, M. D. 1 Marshall, F. J. 2 Glebov, V. Yu. 2 Stoeckl, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS E526, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2771; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ASYMMETRY (Chemistry); Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690760
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952596&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson, R. E.
AU  - Leeper, R. J.
AU  - Nobile, A.
AU  - Oertel, J. A.
AU  - Chandler, G. A.
AU  - Cochrane, K.
AU  - Dropinski, S. C.
AU  - Evans, S.
AU  - Haan, S. W.
AU  - Kaae, J. L.
AU  - Knauer, J. P.
AU  - Lash, K.
AU  - Mix, L. P.
AU  - Nikroo, A.
AU  - Rochau, G. A.
AU  - Rivera, G.
AU  - Russell, C.
AU  - Schroen, D.
AU  - Sebring, R. J.
AU  - Tanner, D. L.
T1  - Shock propagation, preheat, and x-ray burnthrough in indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion ablator materials.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2778
EP  - 2789
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The velocities and temperatures of shock waves generated by laser-driven hohlraum radiation fields have been measured in indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsule ablator materials. Time-resolved measurements of the preheat temperature ahead of the shock front have been performed and included in the analysis. Measurements of the x-ray burnthrough of the ablation front and the ablator x-ray re-emission have also been made in the Cu-doped beryllium, polyimide, and Ge-doped CH ablator samples. The experiments utilize 15 beams of the University of Rochester Omega Laser [Soures et al., Phys. Plasmas 3, 2108 (1996)] to heat hohlraums to radiation temperatures of ∼120-200 eV. In the experiments, planar samples of ablator material are exposed to the hohlraum radiation field, generating shocks in the range of 10-50 Mbars. The experimental results are compared to integrated two-dimensional Lasnex [G. B. Zimmerman and W. L. Kruer, Comments Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 2, 51 (1975)] calculations, in which the measured laser pulse is used as input and the time-dependent ultraviolet shock breakout and soft x-ray ablator burnthrough are calculated quantities. It is found that proper calculation of the time-dependent hohlraum x-ray flux, including spectral content, and the ablator opacity will be essential for obtaining the level of predictive capabilities required for the thermonuclear ignition of an ICF capsule at the U.S. National Ignition Facility [E. I. Moses, Fusion Technol. 44, 11 (2003)]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
KW  - ABLATIVE materials
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - POLYIMIDES
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 12952595; Olson, R. E. 1 Leeper, R. J. 1 Nobile, A. 2 Oertel, J. A. 2 Chandler, G. A. 1 Cochrane, K. 3 Dropinski, S. C. 1 Evans, S. 2 Haan, S. W. 4 Kaae, J. L. 5 Knauer, J. P. 6 Lash, K. 2 Mix, L. P. 1 Nikroo, A. 5 Rochau, G. A. 1 Rivera, G. 2 Russell, C. 1 Schroen, D. 1 Sebring, R. J. 2 Tanner, D. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87185.  3: Ktech Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.  5: Genral Atomics, San Diego, California 92186.  6: University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2778; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Subject Term: ABLATIVE materials; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: POLYIMIDES; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952595&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drake, R. P.
AU  - Leibrandt, D. R.
AU  - Harding, E. C.
AU  - Kuranz, C. C.
AU  - Blackburn, M. A.
AU  - Robey, H. F
AU  - Remington, B. A.
AU  - Edwards, M. J.
AU  - Miles, A. R.
AU  - Perry, T. S.
AU  - Wallace, R. J.
AU  - Louis, H.
AU  - Knauer, J. P.
AU  - Arnett, D.
T1  - Nonlinear mixing behavior of the three-dimensional Rayleigh–Taylor instability at a decelerating interface.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2829
EP  - 2837
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Results are reported from the first experiments to explore the evolution of the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability from intentionally three-dimensional (3D) initial conditions at an embedded, decelerating interface in a high-Reynolds-number flow. The experiments used ∼5 kJ of laser energy to produce a blast wave in polyimide and/or brominated plastic having an initial pressure of ∼50 Mbars. This blast wave shocked and then decelerated the perturbed interface between the first material and lower-density C foam. This caused the formation of a decelerating interface with an Atwood number ∼2/3, producing a long-term positive growth rate for the RT instability. The initial perturbations were a 3D perturbation in an ''egg-crate'' pattern with feature spacings of 71 μm in two orthogonal directions and peak-to-valley amplitudes of 5 μm. The resulting RT spikes appear to overtake the shock waves, moving at a large fraction of the predeceleration, ''free-fall'' velocity. This result was unanticipated by prior simulations and models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAYLEIGH flow
KW  - LASERS
KW  - POLYIMIDES
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 12952589; Drake, R. P. 1 Leibrandt, D. R. 1 Harding, E. C. 1 Kuranz, C. C. 1 Blackburn, M. A. 1 Robey, H. F 2 Remington, B. A. 2 Edwards, M. J. 2 Miles, A. R. 2 Perry, T. S. 2 Wallace, R. J. 2 Louis, H. Knauer, J. P. 3 Arnett, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Michigan, Atmospheric Oceanic and Space Sciences, 2455 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2143.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94550.  3: University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623.  4: University of Arizona 5333 N. Camino Real, Tucson, Arizona 85718.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2829; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH flow; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: POLYIMIDES; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651492
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952589&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibson, David J.
AU  - Anderson, Scoff G.
AU  - Barty, Christopher P. J.
AU  - Betts, Shawn M.
AU  - Booth, Rex
AU  - Brown, Winthrop J.
AU  - Crane, John K.
AU  - Cross, Robert R.
AU  - Fittinghoff, David N.
AU  - Hartemann, Fred V.
AU  - Kuba, Jaroslav
AU  - Le Sage, Gregory P.
AU  - Slaughter, Dennis R.
AU  - Tremaine, Aaron M.
AU  - Wootton, Alan J.
AU  - Hartouni, Edward P.
AU  - Springer, Paul T.
AU  - James B. Rosenzweig
T1  - PLEIADES: A picosecond Compton scattering x-ray source for advanced backlighting and time-resolved material studies.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2857
EP  - 2864
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The PLEIADES (Picosecond Laser-Electron Inter-Action for the Dynamical Evaluation of Structures) facility has produced first light at 70 keV. This milestone offers a new opportunity to develop laser-driven, compact, tunable x-ray sources for critical applications such as diagnostics for the National Ignition Facility and time-resolved material studies. The electron beam was focused to 50 μm rms, at 57 MeV, with 260 pC of charge, a relative energy spread of 0.2%, and a normalized emittance of 5 mm mrad horizontally and 13 mm mrad vertically. The scattered 820 nm laser pulse had an energy of 180 mJ and a duration of 54 fs. Initial x rays were captured with a cooled charge-coupled device using a cesium iodide scintillator; the peak photon energy was approximately 78 keV, with a total x-ray flux of 1.3×106 photons/shot, and the observed angular distribution found to agree very well with three-dimensional codes. Simple K-edge radiography of a tantalum foil showed good agreement with the theoretical divergence-angle dependence of the x-ray energy. Optimization of the x-ray dose is currently under way, with the goal of reaching 108 photons/shot and a peak brightness approaching 1020 photons/mm2/mrad2/s/0.1% bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - X-rays
KW  - COMPTON effect
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 12952585; Gibson, David J. 1; Email Address: gibson23@llhl.gov Anderson, Scoff G. 1 Barty, Christopher P. J. 1 Betts, Shawn M. 1 Booth, Rex 1 Brown, Winthrop J. 1 Crane, John K. 1 Cross, Robert R. 1 Fittinghoff, David N. 1 Hartemann, Fred V. 1 Kuba, Jaroslav 1 Le Sage, Gregory P. 1 Slaughter, Dennis R. 1 Tremaine, Aaron M. 1 Wootton, Alan J. 1 Hartouni, Edward P. 1 Springer, Paul T. 1 James B. Rosenzweig 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-280, P.O. box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808.  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951547, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2857; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: COMPTON effect; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: BANDWIDTHS; Subject Term: TANTALUM; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1646160
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952585&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roy, P. K.
AU  - Yu, S. S.
AU  - Eylon, S.
AU  - Henestroza, E.
AU  - Anders, A.
AU  - Bieniosek, F. M.
AU  - Greenway, W. G.
AU  - Logan, B. G.
AU  - Waldron, W. L.
AU  - Vanecek, D. L.
AU  - Welch, D. R.
AU  - Rose, D. V.
AU  - Davidson, R. C.
AU  - Efthimion, P. C.
AU  - Gilson, E. P.
AU  - Sefkow, A. B.
AU  - Sharp, W. M.
T1  - Results on intense beam focusing and neutralization from the neutralized beam experiment.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2890
EP  - 2898
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Experimental techniques to provide active neutralization for space-charge-dominated beams as well as to prevent uncontrolled ion beam neutralization by stray electrons have been demonstrated. Neutralization is provided by a localized plasma injected from a cathode arc source. Unwanted secondary electrons produced at the wall by halo particle impact are suppressed using a radial mesh liner that is positively biased inside a beam drift tube. Measurements of current transmission, beam spot size as a function of axial position, beam energy, and plasma source conditions are presented along with detailed comparisons with theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - SPACE charge
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ELECTRON optics
N1  - Accession Number: 12952581; Roy, P. K. 1 Yu, S. S. 1 Eylon, S. 1 Henestroza, E. 1 Anders, A. 1 Bieniosek, F. M. 1 Greenway, W. G. 1 Logan, B. G. 1 Waldron, W. L. 1 Vanecek, D. L. Welch, D. R. 2 Rose, D. V. 2 Davidson, R. C. 3 Efthimion, P. C. 3 Gilson, E. P. 3 Sefkow, A. B. 3 Sharp, W. M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, I Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Mission Research Corporation, 5001 Indian School Road NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110-3946.  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-645 Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2890; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: SPACE charge; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NEUTRALIZATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652712
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952581&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
AU  - van Tilborg, J.
AU  - Faure, J.
AU  - Geddes, C. G. R.
AU  - Tóth, Cs.
AU  - Schroeder, C. B.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Fubiani, G.
AU  - Dugan, G.
T1  - Terahertz radiation from laser accelerated electron bunches.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2899
EP  - 2906
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Coherent terahertz and millimeter wave radiation from laser accelerated electron bunches has been measured. The bunches were produced by tightly focusing (spot diameter &ap;6 mm) a high peak power (up to 10 TW), ultra-short (&ges;50 fs) laser pulse from a high repetition rate (10 Hz) laser system (0.8 μm), onto a high density (>1019 cm³) pulsed gas jet of length &ap;1.5 mm. As the electrons exit the plasma, coherent transition radiation is generated at the plasma-vacuum boundary for wavelengths long compared to the bunch length. Radiation in the 0.3-19 THz range and at 94 GHz has been measured and found to depend quadratically on the bunch charge. The measured radiated energy for two different collection angles is in good agreement with theory. Modeling indicates that optimization of this table-top source could provide more than 100 μJ/pulse. Together with intrinsic synchronization to the laser pulse, this will enable numerous applications requiring intense terahertz radiation. This radiation can also be used as a powerful tool for measuring the properties of laser accelerated bunches at the exit of the plasma accelerator. Preliminary spectral measurements indicates that bunches as short as 30-50 fs have been produced in these laser driven accelerators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 12952580; Leemans, W. P. 1 van Tilborg, J. 1,2; Email Address: wpleemans@ibl.gov Faure, J. 1,3 Geddes, C. G. R. 1,4 Tóth, Cs. 1 Schroeder, C. B. 1 Esarey, E. 1 Fubiani, G. 1 Dugan, G. 5,6; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720.  2: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, The Netherlands.  3: Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, France.  4: University of California, Berkeley, CA.  5: Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.  6: Université de Paris XI, Orsay, France.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2899; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652834
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952580&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vay, J.-L.
AU  - Colella, P.
AU  - Kwan, J. W.
AU  - McCorquodale, P.
AU  - Serafini, D. B.
AU  - Friedman, A.
AU  - Grote, D. P.
AU  - Westenskow, G.
AU  - Adam, J.-C.
AU  - Héron, A.
AU  - Haber, I.
T1  - Application of adaptive mesh refinement to particle-in-cell simulations of plasmas and beams.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2928
EP  - 2934
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Plasma simulations are often rendered challenging by the disparity of scales in time and in space which must be resolved. When these disparities are in distinctive zones of the simulation domain, a method which has proven to be effective in other areas (e.g., fluid dynamics simulations) is the mesh refinement technique. A brief discussion of the challenges posed by coupling this technique with plasma particle-in-cell simulations is given, followed by a presentation of examples of application in heavy ion fusion and related fields which illustrate the effectiveness of the approach. Finally, a report is given on the status of a collaboration under way at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory between the Applied Numerical Algorithms Group (ANAG) and the Heavy Ion Fusion group to upgrade ANAG's mesh refinement library Chombo to include the tools needed by particle-in-cell simulation codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - SPACE & time
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12952577; Vay, J.-L. 1; Email Address: jlvay@ibl.gov Colella, P. 1 Kwan, J. W. 1 McCorquodale, P. 1 Serafini, D. B. 1 Friedman, A. 2 Grote, D. P. 2 Westenskow, G. 2 Adam, J.-C. 3 Héron, A. 3 Haber, I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  3: CPHT, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France.  4: University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-3511.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2928; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: SPACE & time; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689669
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952577&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosocha, L. A.
AU  - Coates, D. M.
AU  - Platts, D.
AU  - Stange, S.
T1  - Plasma-enhanced combustion of propane using a silent discharge.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2950
EP  - 2956
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - It is well known that applying an electric field to a flame can affect its propagation speed, stability, and combustion chemistry. External electrodes, arc discharges, plasma jets, and corona discharges have been employed to allow combustible gas mixtures to operate outside their flammability limits or to increase combustion speed. Previously reported experiments have involved silent electrical discharges applied to propagating flames. These demonstrated that the flame propagation velocity can be increased when the discharge is applied to the unburned gas mixture upstream of a flame. In contrast, the work reported here used a coaxial-cylinder, nonthermal, silent discharge plasma reactor to activate a propane gas stream before it was mixed with air and ignited. With the plasma, the physical appearance of the flame changes (increased stability) and substantial changes in mass spectrometer peaks are observed, indicating that the combustion process is enhanced with the application of the plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROPANE
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - GLOW discharges
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12952574; Rosocha, L. A. 1; Email Address: rosocha@lanl.gov Coates, D. M. 1 Platts, D. 1 Stange, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS E526, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2950; Subject Term: PROPANE; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: GLOW discharges; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688788
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunaevsky, A.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
T1  - Operation of ferroelectric plasma sources in a gas discharge mode.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2957
EP  - 2963
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Ferroelectric plasma sources in vacuum are known as sources of ablative plasma, formed due to surface discharge. In this paper, observations of a gas discharge mode of operation of the ferroelectric plasma sources (FPS) are reported. The gas discharge appears at pressures between ∼20 and ∼80 Torr. At pressures of 1-20 Torr, there is a transition from vacuum surface discharge to the gas discharge, when both modes coexist and the surface discharges sustain the gas discharge. At pressures between 20 and 80 Torr, the surface discharges are suppressed, and FPS operates in pure gas discharge mode, with the formation of almost uniform plasma along the entire surface of the ceramics between strips. The density of the expanding plasma is estimated to be about 1013 cm³ at a distance of 5.5 mm from the surface. The power consumption of the discharge is comparatively low, making it useful for various applications. This paper also presents direct measurements of the yield of secondary electron emission from ferroelectric ceramics, which, at low energies of primary electrons, is high and dependent on the polarization of the ferroelectric material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - GLOW discharges
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - CERAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12952573; Dunaevsky, A. 1 Fisch, N. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P0. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08536.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2957; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: GLOW discharges; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: CERAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1692162
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12952573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murillo, M. S.
T1  - Strongly coupled plasma physics and high energy-density matter.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2964
EP  - 2971
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - High energy-density matter-matter with pressures in excess of a megabar-covers a wide range of parameter space. Many laboratory experiments span a large portion of this parameter space as they evolve from a liquid or solid phase through the strongly coupled plasma phase to a hot plasma phase. This tutorial will introduce the basic physics of the intermediate, strongly coupled plasma phase from a very general point of view, including a discussion of experiments, such as laser-cooled ions, dusty plasmas, and white dwarfs. Basic definitions and results will be given for simple strongly coupled plasmas in the context of concepts familiar from weakly coupled plasma physics, to the extent possible. Definitions relevant to high energy-density physics are then introduced before focusing on dense plasmas, which form the overlap between the strongly coupled and high energy-density regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MATTER
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - IONS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
N1  - Accession Number: 12952572; Murillo, M. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Plasma theory Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2964; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652853
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hantao Ji
AU  - Brown, Michael
AU  - Hsu, Scott C.
AU  - Hui Li
AU  - Drake, R. Paul
T1  - Mini-conference and related sessions on laboratory plasma astrophysics.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2976
EP  - 2983
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - This paper provides a summary of some major physics issues and future perspectives discussed in the Mini-Conference on Laboratory Plasma Astrophysics. This mini-conference, sponsored by the Topical Group on Plasma Astrophysics, was held as part of the American Physical Society's Division of Plasma Physics 2003 Annual Meeting (October 27-31, 2003). Also included are brief summaries of selected talks on the same topic presented at two invited paper sessions (including a tutorial) and two contributed focus oral sessions, which were organized in coordination with the mini-conference by the same organizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA astrophysics
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - GASES
N1  - Accession Number: 12952570; Hantao Ji 1; Email Address: hiji@pppl.gov Brown, Michael 2 Hsu, Scott C. 3 Hui Li 3 Drake, R. Paul 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Magnetic Self-organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  2: Center for Magnetic Self-organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory,  Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  4: Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p2976; Subject Term: PLASMA astrophysics; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: GASES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687726
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kipper, Matt J.
AU  - Seifert, Soenke
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P.
AU  - Narasimhan, Balaji
T1  - Understanding polyanhydride blend phase behavior using scattering, microscopy, and molecular simulations
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3329
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The phase behavior of a biocompatible binary polyanhydride blend system composed of poly[1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy)hexane] (poly(CPH)) and poly(sebacic acid) (poly(SA)) is described. The phase behavior is determined from the CPH-SA segmental interaction parameter, <f>χ,</f> obtained from in situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments. The predicted phase diagram has an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with a critical point of 114 °C. The phase diagram is validated by optical microscopy (cloud point determination) of blend films. However, the full range of blend compositions is not accessible via cloud point measurements, because the melting point of poly(CPH) is above the critical point. Additionally, the poly(CPH) crystallinity interferes with cloud point determination because the length scale of the amorphous phase separation and that of the crystallinity are both near the limit of resolution of the optical microscope. The poly(CPH)-rich region of the phase diagram was investigated by ex situ atomic force microscopy on thin blend films. Finally, in order to validate the use of molecular simulations to study energetic and structural properties of this system, <f>χ</f> is also computed from molecular dynamics both above and below the critical point. Excellent agreement is obtained for all three experimental methods and the computational technique. The results are compared to a simple group contribution method for computing the solubility parameters of the polymers. This technique fails to accurately predict the phase diagram. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Polyanhydrides
KW  - Polymer blend phase behavior
KW  - SAXS
N1  - Accession Number: 12837251; Kipper, Matt J. 1 Seifert, Soenke 2 Thiyagarajan, P. 3 Narasimhan, Balaji 1; Email Address: nbalaji@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Iowa State University, 2035 Sweeney Hall, Ames, IA 50011-2230, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 10, p3329; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyanhydrides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer blend phase behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAXS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.03.052
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Georgiev, Georgi
AU  - Gilfoy, Nathan
AU  - Cebe, Peggy
AU  - Capel, Malcolm
T1  - Phase transitions and structural parameters of HIQ-40 liquid crystalline co-polyester
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3429
SN  - 00323861
AB  - We describe the impact of thermal treatment on the structure and phase transitions of the liquid crystalline aromatic co-polyester, HIQ-40, comprising 40 mol% p-hydroxybenzoic acid (H), 30 mol% isophthalic acid (I), and 30 mol% p-hydroquinone (Q). Simultaneous, real-time wide and small angle X-ray scattering (WAXS, SAXS), differential scanning calorimetry, and optical ellipsometry were used to study initially isotropic, amorphous films of HIQ-40. Films were annealed above the glass transition temperature, <f>Tg,</f> at temperatures, <f>Ta,</f> from 130 to 290 °C. Depending upon <f>Ta,</f> thermal treatment results in formation of regions of nematic order and/or crystalline order in a disordered matrix. As <f>Ta</f> increases, molecular mobility in the amorphous phase increases resulting in a reduction in <f>Tg.</f> Two or three endothermic events are seen in all samples by thermal analysis. The lowest temperature endotherm is associated with melting of crystals formed either at <f>Ta</f> or during the thermal scan. The two higher temperature endotherm features result from transformation of crystal melt-to-nematic, and formation of more mobile nematic domains from constrained liquid, respectively, and are relatively insensitive to <f>Ta.</f>A strong Bragg scattering peak is seen for <f>Ta<290 °C</f> corresponding to formation of two-phase structure comprising crystals and disordered phase. At higher temperatures, very strong scattered intensity in the SAXS pattern re-emerges, even after all WAXS crystal reflections have disappeared. Results suggest that a two-phase structure, of ordered nematic domains co-existing with less ordered regions, may be forming continuously above the crystal melting point. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - POLYESTERS
KW  - BENZOIC acid
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Liquid crystalline co-polyester
KW  - Nematic
KW  - X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 12837261; Georgiev, Georgi 1 Gilfoy, Nathan 1 Cebe, Peggy 1; Email Address: peggy.cebe@tufts.edu Capel, Malcolm 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Astronomy Department, Tufts University, STC-208, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 10, p3429; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: POLYESTERS; Subject Term: BENZOIC acid; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid crystalline co-polyester; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nematic; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313110 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.03.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hosier, Ian L.
AU  - Alamo, Rufina G.
AU  - Lin, J.S.
T1  - Lamellar morphology of random metallocene propylene copolymers studied by atomic force microscopy
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 45
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3441
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Four sets of propylene based random copolymers with co-units of ethylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene and 1-octene, and a total defect content up to ∼9 mol% (including co-unit and other defects), were studied after rapid and isothermal crystallization. Etched film surfaces and ultramicrotomed plaques were imaged so as to enhance contrast and minimize catalyst and co-catalyst residues. While increasing concentration of structural irregularities breaks down spherulitic habits, the formation of the gamma polymorph has a profound effect on the lamellar morphology. Lamellae grown in the radial axis of the spherulite and branches hereon are replaced in γ-rich copolymers with a dense array of short lamellae transverse or tilted to the main structural growth axis. This is the expected orientation for γ iPP branching from α seeds. Spherulites are formed in copolymers with non-crystallizable units (1-hexene and 1-octene) up to ∼3 mol% total defect content and were observed up to ∼6 mol% in those with partially crystallizable comonomers (ethylene and 1-butene). However, lamellae were observed in all the copolymers analyzed, even in the most defective ones, highlighting the important role of the gamma polymorph in propagating lamellar crystallites in poly(propylenes) with a high concentration of defects. Long periods measured from AFM and SAXS are comparatively analyzed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROPENE
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - BUTENE
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Propylene Copolymers
N1  - Accession Number: 12837262; Hosier, Ian L. 1 Alamo, Rufina G. 1; Email Address: alamo@eng.fsu.edu Lin, J.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 10, p3441; Subject Term: PROPENE; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Subject Term: BUTENE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propylene Copolymers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.02.071
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hobbs, Michael L.
AU  - Lemmon, Gordon H.
T1  - Polyurethane foam response to fire in practical geometries
JO  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
JF  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 197
SN  - 01413910
AB  - An efficient polymer mass loss and foam response model has been developed to predict the behavior of unconfined polyurethane foam exposed to fire-like heat fluxes. The mass loss model is based on a simple two-step mechanism using distributed reaction rates. The mass loss model was implemented into a multidimensional finite element heat conduction code that supports chemical kinetics and dynamic enclosure radiation. A discretization bias correction model was parameterized using elements with characteristic lengths ranging from 0.1 cm to 1 cm. Bias corrected solutions with these large elements gave essentially the same results as grid-independent solutions using 0.01-cm elements. Predictions were compared to measured decomposition front locations determined from real-time X-rays of 9-cm diameter, 15-cm tall cylinders of foam that were heated with lamps. The calculated and measured locations of the decomposition fronts were well within 1 cm of each other and in some cases the fronts coincided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - POLYURETHANES
KW  - FOAM
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - Decomposition
KW  - Discretization bias correction
KW  - Foam
KW  - Polyurethane
N1  - Accession Number: 13177939; Hobbs, Michael L.; Email Address: mlhobbs@sandia.gov Lemmon, Gordon H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences Center, PO Box 5800, MS-0836, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0836, United States; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 84 Issue 2, p183; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: POLYURETHANES; Subject Term: FOAM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discretization bias correction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyurethane; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2003.10.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott Collis, S.
AU  - Joslin, Ronald D.
AU  - Seifert, Avi
AU  - Theofilis, Vassilis
T1  - Issues in active flow control: theory, control, simulation, and experiment
JO  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
JF  - Progress in Aerospace Sciences
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
EP  - 289
SN  - 03760421
AB  - The goal of this paper is to provide a perspective on the current status and future directions for active flow-control technology with particular emphasis on oscillatory control. This is not a comprehensive review of the literature; rather, certain issues that are often neglected in studies are highlighted showing their importance or impact on the reported observations and targeted outcomes. Feasible routes using flow instability as an efficiency enhancement tool are discussed as an emerging means to explain the physical phenomena of active flow-control and as a tool for control law design and development. Traditional and more recent theoretical approaches to control design are discussed and recommendations are made relevant to numerical complications on the route to design oscillatory flow-control systems. A generic flow control process is put forward and illustrated using experimental examples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Aerospace Sciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - OPERATIONS research
N1  - Accession Number: 14185947; Scott Collis, S. 1 Joslin, Ronald D. 2 Seifert, Avi; Email Address: seifert@eng.tau.ac.il Theofilis, Vassilis 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0370, USA  2: Office of Naval Research, 800 N. Quincy Street, Arlington, VA 22217, USA  3: Escuela Tecnica Superior, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Plaza Cardenal Cisneros, 3, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4/5, p237; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: OPERATIONS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 53p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.paerosci.2004.06.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., Karl A.
AU  - Verkade, Mary
T1  - Electronic and crystal structures, size (ECS2) model for predicting binary solid solutions
JO  - Progress in Materials Science
JF  - Progress in Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
SN  - 00796425
AB  - The semi-empirical electronic and crystal structures, size (ECS2) model for predicting the extent of primary solutions is described. The similarity of electronic structures of both the solvent and solute is paramount, and if these are favorable then the size difference between the solvent and solute is the determining factor. The crystal structures of the elements are used as the surrogate of the electronic structure. Thus this model is quite simple to use since one only needs to know the crystal structures and the atomic sizes of the two elements involved. The ECS2 model is significantly better than the simple 15% Hume-Rothery size rule or the Darken-Gurry model for predicting solid solution formation (the overall reliabilities are 84.5, 70.7 and 72.4%, respectively). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SOLID solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 12083426; Gschneidner Jr., Karl A. 1; Email Address: cagey@ameslab.gov Verkade, Mary; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020 USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 49 Issue 3/4, p411; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0079-6425(03)00026-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hecker, S.S.
AU  - Harbur, D.R.
AU  - Zocco, T.G.
T1  - Phase stability and phase transformations in Pu–Ga alloys
JO  - Progress in Materials Science
JF  - Progress in Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 49
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
SN  - 00796425
AB  - Plutonium is of interest because of its nuclear properties. However, it is its electronic structure and the resulting physical and chemical properties that make plutonium the most complex element in the periodic table. It exhibits six solid allotropes at ambient pressure and is notoriously unstable with temperature, pressure, chemical additions, and time. It undergoes virtually every type of phase transformation known. The addition of a few atomic percent gallium helps retain the face-centered cubic δ-phase to room temperature, avoiding transformation to a monoclinic phase with a huge volume contraction. We present previously unpublished experimental studies on phase stability and phase transformations in Pu–Ga alloys and compare these to available literature. However, we first review the physics of plutonium and the fcc δ-phase to help us understand why plutonium defies conventional metallurgical wisdom. Plutonium sits near the middle of the actinide series, which marks the emergence of 5f electrons in the valence shell. Right at plutonium the 5f electrons are caught in an abrupt transition between being bonding and being localized (chemically inert). In fact, in the δ-phase they appear to be in a unique state of being neither fully bonding nor localized, which leads to novel electronic interactions and physical behavior. We compare these interactions to two other unstable elements in the periodic table, namely iron and cerium, to get a better appreciation of peculiarities of plutonium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - TRANSURANIUM elements
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Instability
KW  - Phase stability
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Pu–Ga alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 12083427; Hecker, S.S. 1; Email Address: sh@lanl.gov Harbur, D.R. 1 Zocco, T.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: MST-DO, MS G754, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: NMT-10, MS E525, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 49 Issue 3/4, p429; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: TRANSURANIUM elements; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pu–Ga alloys; Number of Pages: 57p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0079-6425(03)00032-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Icenhour, A. S.
AU  - Toth, L. M.
T1  - Behavior of Uranium oxides and oxyfluorides exposed to moisture and 244 Cm alpha radiation.
JO  - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids
JF  - Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 159
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 292
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
AB  - Alpha radiolysis studies have been performed on uranium oxides and oxyfluorides (UO 3 , U 3 O 8 , and UO 2 F 2 ) to evaluate the long-term storage characteristics of 233 U. These uranium compounds (using 238 U as the surrogate for 233 U) were subjected to relatively high alpha radiation doses (235-634 MGy) by doping with 244 Cm. The typical irradiation time for these samples was about 1.5 years, which would be equivalent to more than 50 years irradiation by a 233 U sample. Both dry and wet (up to 10 wt% water) samples were examined in an effort to identify the gas pressure and composition changes that occurred as a result of radiolysis. This study shows that several competing reactions occur during radiolysis with the net effect of generating only very low pressures of hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide from water, nitrate, and carbon impurities, respectively. In the absence of nitrate impurities, no pressures greater than 1000 Torr are generated. Usually, however, the oxygen in the air atmosphere over the oxides is consumed with the corresponding oxidation of the uranium oxide. In the presence of up to 10 wt% water, the oxides first show a small pressure rise followed by a net decrease due to the oxygen consumption and the attainment of a steady-state pressure at which the rate of generation of gaseous components is balanced by their recombination and/or consumption in the oxide phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM oxides
KW  - RADIATION chemistry
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - WATER
KW  - Alpha radiolysis
KW  - Uranium oxides
KW  - Uranium oxyfluorides
N1  - Accession Number: 14167137; Icenhour, A. S. 1; Email Address: icenhouras@ornl.gov Toth, L. M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  2: Consultant to Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Harbach Engineering and Solutions, Inc., 8807 Fox Hollow Court, Dayton, Ohio 45458, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 159 Issue 5, p281; Subject Term: URANIUM oxides; Subject Term: RADIATION chemistry; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: WATER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha radiolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium oxyfluorides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10420150410001724954
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Greatest Hits Collection for Cleaner Production and Pollution Prevention: Burton Hamner, Hamner & Associates, Seattle, WA, USA, 2003
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 115
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 12741006; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Bldg. 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p115; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2003.09.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Research in Corporate Sustainability, The Evolving Theory and Practice of Organizations in the Natural Environment: Sanjay Sharma, Mark Stari (Eds.), Edward Elgar Publishers, Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA, 2003, 368 pages (hardback), ISBN 1-84064-906-2
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 117
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 12741007; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p117; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2003.09.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12741007&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roberts, G. A.
AU  - Stewart, K. D.
T1  - Reflection-mode x-ray powder diffraction cell for in situ studies of electrochemical reactions.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1251
EP  - 1254
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The design and operation of an electrochemical cell for reflection-mode powder x-ray diffraction experiments are discussed. The cell is designed for the study of electrodes that are used in rechargeable lithium batteries. It is designed for assembly in a glove box so that air-sensitive materials, such as lithium foil electrodes and carbonate-based electrolytes with lithium salts, can be used. The cell uses a beryllium window for x-ray transmission and electrical contact. A simple mechanism for compressing the electrodes is included in the design. Sample results for the cell are shown with a Cu Kα source and a position-sensitive detector. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - ELECTRIC power supplies to apparatus
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
N1  - Accession Number: 13154641; Roberts, G. A. 1; Email Address: garober@sandia.gov Stewart, K. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, MS 9403 Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1251; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power supplies to apparatus; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1710695
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dorf, L.
AU  - Raitses, Y.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
T1  - Electrostatic probe apparatus for measurements in the near-anode region of Hall thrusters.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1255
EP  - 1260
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Near-anode processes in Hall-current plasma thrusters are largely uncharacterized in the experimental literature. In order to perform measurements in the near-anode region, the high potential of the anode relative to ground, small spatial variations of plasma properties, and the complicated thruster geometry are just some of the features that must be taken into consideration. A diagnostic apparatus for measurements in the near-anode region of Hall thrusters, comprising biased and emissive electrostatic probes, a high-precision positioning system, and low-noise electronic circuitry, was developed and tested. Test data for this apparatus indicate that radially inserted probes negligibly perturb the discharge. Accurate near-anode measurements of the plasma density, electron temperature, and plasma potential performed with this diagnostic have allowed the first experimental identification of the electron-repelling anode sheath predicted theoretically in Hall thrusters. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROSTATIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - PLASMA probes
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154640; Dorf, L. 1; Email Address: dorf@princeton.edu Raitses, Y. 1 Fisch, N. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1255; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: PLASMA probes; Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1710698
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Constantin, C.
AU  - Niemann, C.
AU  - Dewald, E.
AU  - Udrea, S.
AU  - Jacoby, J.
AU  - Varentsov, D.
AU  - Schwab, P.
AU  - Wieser, J.
AU  - Hoffman, D. H. H.
T1  - Density measurements of heavy-ion-beam-induced stress waves in solid matter by a sensitive laser deflection technique.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1268
EP  - 1273
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We present a sensitive density diagnostic based on the deflection of a laser beam by refractive index gradients. The method is used to investigate stress waves in plexiglass, created by the irradiation of multilayered metal–plexiglass targets with intense relativistic heavy-ion beams. Measured laser deflection angles are of the order of 1 mrad, with a resolution of the apparatus of 50 μrad. Results are in excellent agreement with interferometric measurements. The deflection technique is superior to an imaging interferometer in terms of simplicity and sensitivity. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - REFRACTIVE index
KW  - STRESS waves
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 13154637; Constantin, C. 1,2; Email Address: constantinl@llnl.gov Niemann, C. 1,2 Dewald, E. 1,2 Udrea, S. 1 Jacoby, J. 1 Varentsov, D. 1 Schwab, P. 1 Wieser, J. 1 Hoffman, D. H. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Gesellschaft fuer Schwerionenforschung mbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1268; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: REFRACTIVE index; Subject Term: STRESS waves; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711141
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chuji Wang
AU  - Koirala, Sudip P.
AU  - Scherrer, Susan T.
AU  - Yixiang Duan
AU  - Winstead, Christopher B.
T1  - Diode laser microwave induced plasma cavity ringdown spectrometer: Performance and perspective.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1305
EP  - 1313
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Recent studies combining an atmospheric-pressure plasma source (inductively coupled plasma or microwave induced plasma) with cavity ringdown spectroscopy (plasma-CRDS) have indicated significant promise for ultra-sensitive elemental measurements. Initial plasma-CRDS efforts employed an inductively coupled plasma as the atomization source and a pulsed laser system as the light source. In an effort to improve the portability and reduce the cost of the system for application purposes, we have modified our approach to include a compact microwave induced plasma and a continuous wave diode laser. A technique for controlling the coupling of the continuous wave laser to the ringdown cavity has been implemented using a standard power combiner. No acouto-optic modulator or cavity modulation is required. To test the system performance, diluted standard solutions of strontium (Sr) were introduced into the plasma by an in-house fabricated sampling device combined with an ultrasonic nebulizer. SrOH radicals were generated in the plasma and detected using both a pulsed laser system and a diode laser via a narrow band transition near 680 nm. The experimental results obtained using both light sources are compared and used for system characterization. The ringdown baseline noise and the detection limit for Sr are determined for the current experimental configuration. The results indicate that a plasma-CRDS instrument constructed using diode lasers and a compact microwave induced plasma can serve as a small, portable, and sensitive analytical tool. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
KW  - ATOMIC emission spectroscopy
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - SIZE reduction of materials
KW  - MICROWAVE plasmas
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DIODES
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154631; Chuji Wang 1; Email Address: wang@dial.msstate.edu Koirala, Sudip P. 1 Scherrer, Susan T. 1 Yixiang Duan 2 Winstead, Christopher B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Diagnostic Instrumentation and Analysis Laboratory, Mississippi State University, 205 Research Boulevard, Starkville, Mississippi 39759  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, C-ACS, MS K-484, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern Mississippi, Box 5046, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1305; Subject Term: INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry; Subject Term: ATOMIC emission spectroscopy; Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: SIZE reduction of materials; Subject Term: MICROWAVE plasmas; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: LASERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711150
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gobin, R.
AU  - Beauvais, P. -Y.
AU  - Bogard, D.
AU  - Charruau, G.
AU  - Delferrière, O.
AU  - de Menezes, D.
AU  - France, A.
AU  - Ferdinand, R.
AU  - Gauthier, Y.
AU  - Harrault, F.
AU  - Mattéi, P.
AU  - Benmeziane, K.
AU  - Leherissier, P.
AU  - Paquet, J. -Y.
AU  - Ausset, P.
AU  - Bousson, S.
AU  - Gardes, D.
AU  - Olivier, A.
AU  - Celona, L.
AU  - Sherman, J.
T1  - Status of the light ion source developments at CEA/Saclay.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1414
EP  - 1416
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - SILHI (High Intensity Light Ion Source) is an ECR ion source producing high intensity proton or deuteron beams at 95 keV. It is now installed in the IPHI site building, at the CEA/Saclay center. IPHI is a front end demonstrator of high power accelerator. The source regularly delivers more than 130 mA protons in cw mode and already produced more than 170 mA deuterons in pulsed mode at nominal energy. The last beam characterizations, including emittance measurements, space charge compensation analysis, and diagnostic improvements, will be reported. Taking into account the SILHI experience, new developments are in progress to build and test a 5 mA deuteron source working in cw mode. This new source will also operate at 2.45 GHz and permanent magnets will provide the magnetic configuration. This source, of which the design will be discussed, will have to fit in with the SPIRAL 2 accelerator developed at GANIL to produce radioactive ion beams. The H- test stand status is briefly presented here and detailed in companion papers. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - DEUTERONS
KW  - SPACE charge
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154610; Gobin, R. 1; Email Address: rjgobin@cea.fr Beauvais, P. -Y. 1 Bogard, D. 1 Charruau, G. 1 Delferrière, O. 1 de Menezes, D. 1 France, A. 1 Ferdinand, R. 1 Gauthier, Y. 1 Harrault, F. 1 Mattéi, P. 1 Benmeziane, K. 2 Leherissier, P. 3 Paquet, J. -Y. 3 Ausset, P. 4 Bousson, S. 4 Gardes, D. 4 Olivier, A. 4 Celona, L. 5 Sherman, J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, CEA-Saclay, DSM/DAPNIA, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France  2: CEA/Saclay and LPGP (Associé au CNRS), Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France  3: GANIL, Bd Henri Becquerel, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France  4: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IN2p3, IPN, 91 405 Orsay Cedex, France  5: Istituto Nationale de Fisica Nucleare, LNS, via Sofia, Catania, Italy  6: Los Alamos national Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1414; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: DEUTERONS; Subject Term: SPACE charge; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690474
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pardo, R. C.
AU  - Jiang, C. L.
AU  - Nolen, J. N.
AU  - Rehm, K. E.
AU  - Savard, G.
T1  - Heavy-ion beams required for the RIA accelerator.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1427
EP  - 1430
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator Facility (RIA) will provide beams of heavy ions with up to 400 kW power in order to produce radioactive beams of nuclei far from stability for research on fundamental questions in nuclear physics and astrophysics. The exact mix of heavy-ion driver beams that will be needed by RIA will depend on the actual experimental programs undertaken, but will surely encompass a wide range of isotopes. We will explore a possible facility operations model and identify the driver beams required. One aspect of that model will be to optimally “illuminate” the r-process path nuclei. Present published ECR ion source performance for the identified mix of beams and assumed charge states will be compared to the requirements of the RIA facility needed to achieve the beam power goals of the facility. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 13154606; Pardo, R. C. 1; Email Address: pardo@phy.anl.gov Jiang, C. L. 1 Nolen, J. N. 1 Rehm, K. E. 1 Savard, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1427; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690478
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154606&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alton, G. D.
AU  - Bilheux, H.
T1  - Extraction of space-charge-dominated ion beams from an ECR ion source: Theory and simulation.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1431
EP  - 1435
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Extraction of high quality space-charge-dominated ion beams from plasma ion sources constitutes an optimization problem centered about finding an optimal concave plasma emission boundary that minimizes half-angular divergence for a given charge state, independent of the presence or lack thereof of a magnetic field in the extraction region. The curvature of the emission boundary acts to converge/diverge the low velocity beam during extraction. Beams of highest quality are extracted whenever the half-angular divergence, ω, is minimized. Under minimum half-angular divergence conditions, the plasma emission boundary has an optimum curvature and the perveance, P, current density, j+ext, and extraction gap, d, have optimum values for a given charge state, q. Optimum values for each of the independent variables (P, j+ext and d) are found to be in close agreement with those derived from elementary analytical theory for extraction with a simple two-electrode extraction system, independent of the presence of a magnetic field. The magnetic field only increases the emittances of beams through additional aberrational effects caused by increased angular divergences through coupling of the longitudinal to the transverse velocity components of particles as they pass though the mirror region of the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source. This article reviews the underlying theory of elementary extraction optics and presents results derived from simulation studies of extraction of space-charge dominated heavy-ion beams of varying mass, charge state, and intensity from an ECR ion source with emphasis on magnetic field induced effects. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE charge
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - ION sources
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources
N1  - Accession Number: 13154605; Alton, G. D. 1; Email Address: altongd@ornl.gov Bilheux, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6372; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1431; Subject Term: SPACE charge; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1690479
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154605&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Alton, G. D.
AU  - Bilheux, H.
AU  - Cole, J. M.
AU  - Meyer, F. W.
T1  - Initial comparative performances of conventional “surface” and “volume” type, all-permanent-magnet, ECR ion sources (abstract).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1436
EP  - 1436
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An all-permanent-magnet, 6 GHz “volume-type,” flat central-field concept ECR ion source has been constructed and initially evaluated at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The source is designed so that it can be easily converted from a flat-B configuration to the traditional minimum-B configuration and vice versa, so that comparisons can be made of the performances of the source in the “volume” ECR and “surface” ECR modes of operation under the same conditions. Descriptions of the source, the experimental equipment, and the procedures for evaluation are given, and comparisons of the performances of both volume and surface modes of operation are presented with and without gas mixing. The present studies clearly show that the volume ECR configuration is superior to the surface configuration in terms of charge-state distribution and intensity within a particular charge state, under the same operating conditions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - ION sources
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - NUCLEAR charge
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154570; Liu, Y. 1 Alton, G. D. 1; Email Address: gda@ornl.gov Bilheux, H. 1 Cole, J. M. 1 Meyer, F. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6368; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1436; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR charge; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1702088
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154570&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vondrasek, R. C.
AU  - Scott, R.
AU  - Pardo, R. C.
T1  - Magnetic field upgrade of Argonne National Laboratory 14 GHz ECR ion source.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1532
EP  - 1534
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The latest developments in superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRIS), and in particular their capability to vary the hexapole field, have highlighted the importance of optimizing the magnetic field configuration for maximum beam production. With the presently accepted set of magnetic scaling rules serving as a guide, several aspects of the magnetic structure of the Argonne National Laboratory 14 GHz ECRIS (ECR2) have been upgraded. The injection region iron has been modified raising the peak injection side field from 1.7 to 2.0 T. In conjunction with the iron upgrade, the previously damaged hexapole has been replaced with a new permanent magnet hexapole constructed of higher-grade material. This has raised the wall field from 0.80 to 0.95 T. Thus, 250 e μA of Kr14+ and 7.0 e μA of Kr25+ have been measured. Results with lead include 102 e μA of Pb24+ and 6.4 e μA of Pb37+. Uranium has been produced using the sputter method resulting in 39 e μA of U26+, 30 e μA of U29+, and 1.1 e μA of U43+. These results in general represent a factor of 2 improvement over the preupgrade beam intensities. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC lines -- Superconducting
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources
KW  - ION sources
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13154574; Vondrasek, R. C. 1; Email Address: vondrasek@phy.anl.gov Scott, R. 1 Pardo, R. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Physics Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1532; Subject Term: ELECTRIC lines -- Superconducting; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691507
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154574&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zelenski, A.
AU  - Alessi, J.
AU  - LoDestro, V.
AU  - Ritter, J.
AU  - Klenov, V.
AU  - Kokhanovski, S.
AU  - Zubets, V.
T1  - A 29.2 GHz electron cyclotron resonance-primary proton source for the relativistic heavy ion collider optically pumped polarized H- ion source.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1535
EP  - 1538
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A 29.2 GHz dc electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) source produces a primary proton beam in the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) optically pumped polarized H- ion source. A proton beam of a 50–100 mA is extracted from the ECR plasma at 2.0–3.0 keV energy by a 121-hole, three-grid ion extraction system. Polarized beam injection to RHIC requires only 300–500 μs pulses at 0.2–6 2/3 Hz repetition rate. Pulsed source operation was studied and resulted in a significant current increase at greatly reduced average microwave power and hydrogen gas consumption. A molecular H2+ ion beam component out of the ECR source might cause polarization dilution, when H20 molecular beam is dissociated in the sodium ionizer cell with the production of H- ions (having half the energy of the main component) with lower polarization. Admixture of oxygen gas reduces the H2+ beam component. A reduction to less than 5% was observed also in pulsed ECR operation. As a result of the ECR-source optimization, the RHIC optically pumped polarized H+ ion source intensity was increased up to 0.5–1.0 mA at routine operation (maximum current 1.5 mA). A polarization of 80% was measured in a 200 MeV polarimeter. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154571; Zelenski, A. 1; Email Address: zelenski@bnl.gov Alessi, J. 1 LoDestro, V. 1 Ritter, J. 1 Klenov, V. 2 Kokhanovski, S. 2 Zubets, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Institute, Nuclear Research, Moscow 117312, Russia; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1535; Subject Term: ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1702121
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154571&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beebe, E. N.
AU  - Alessi, J. G.
AU  - Graham, D.
AU  - Kponou, A.
AU  - Pikin, A.
AU  - Prelec, K.
AU  - Ritter, J.
AU  - Zajic, V.
T1  - Recent results with Au ions from a multiampere electron beam ion source at Brookhaven National Laboratory (invited abstract).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1542
EP  - 1542
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An electron beam ion source (EBIS) that would satisfy Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (at Brookhaven National Laboratory) (RHIC) requirements should be capable of producing intensities of, e.g., Au32+ ions of about 3×109 particles/pulse in 10–40 μs pulses. The total charge extracted (all charge states) would be 85 nC, assuming 20% in the peak charge state. To achieve this at Brookhaven National Laboratory, pulsed-electron beam currents up to 10 A, 100 ms are being used. A test EBIS has been constructed, designed for the full electron beam power and having close to half of the trap length of an EBIS for RHIC. As a result of successful experiments on the test EBIS, we are confident that an EBIS meeting RHIC requirements can be built. Initial electron beam tests have demonstrated a 100 ms, 8.6 A electron beam through the EBIS trap. The stable operation of 10 A, 50 ms electron beams through the EBIS trap has also been achieved. Gold spectra with a dominant charge state 34+ and total ion charge 55 nC measured on a current transformer have been obtained at the EBIS exit after a 30 ms confinement period. Recent studies with an in-line time-of-flight spectrometer with measurement of charge on a Faraday cup have shown 83% of the >28 nC extracted charge to be Au ions peaked at Au25+, for a 7 A electron beam and 10 ms confinement period. Typical normalized rms emittance values using a 6.8 A electron beam, 20–40 nC total ion charge, and 1–3 mA extracted ion current have been in the range of 0.08–0.1 π mm mrad. An energy analysis of the total extracted ion pulses >35 nC has indicated a longitudinal energy spread of <2 kV full width at half maximum after a 35 ms confinement period using a 7 A electron beam. Most design goals have been exceeded and much of the present work is geared toward improving reliability and providing larger safety margins. These include upgrading the electron gun, decoupling the electron beam launch energy from the electron collection energy, and tailoring the magnetic fields to reduce electron beam losses. Details of these measurements, tests in progress to improve performance, and plans for optimizing the design of the RHIC EBIS will be presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ION sources
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 13154450; Beebe, E. N. 1; Email Address: beebe@bnl.gov Alessi, J. G. 1 Graham, D. 1 Kponou, A. 1 Pikin, A. 1 Prelec, K. 1 Ritter, J. 1 Zajic, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1542; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1702089
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154450&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pikin, A.
AU  - Alessi, J. G.
AU  - Beebe, E. N.
AU  - Kponou, A.
AU  - Prelec, K.
AU  - Ritter, J.
AU  - Snydstrup, L.
AU  - Kuznetsov, G.
AU  - Tiunov, M.
T1  - Electron gun and collector simulations for RHIC EBIS at BNL.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1557
EP  - 1559
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Based on the successful experience of the Brookhaven National Laboratory test electron beam ion sources (EBIS), the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) EBIS design utilizes a 10 A electron beam to produce the required ion source output intensity of 3.4×109 of Au32+ ions per 10–40 μs pulse. In order to provide increased cathode lifetime and reliability at the required 10 A, and accommodate future upgrades of RHIC EBIS ion intensity, it is desirable to upgrade the electron gun. Simulations have been made for a new electron gun and electron collector capable of generating and dissipating an electron beam with current up to 20 A. The method of forming the electron beam using magnetic compression and inverse magnetron geometry of the electron gun are the same as has been tested successfully on the electron beam test stand. The new gun has higher perveance and partially shielded spherical cathode. A bell-shaped radial current density distribution with reduced current density on a periphery of the beam, combined with a modified shape of the electron collector magnet shim, yields a simulated power density on the surface of the electron collector below 400 W/cm2 for electron beam currents up to 20 A. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - GOLD isotopes
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - ELECTRON gun
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154563; Pikin, A. 1; Email Address: pikin@bnl.gov Alessi, J. G. 1 Beebe, E. N. 1 Kponou, A. 1 Prelec, K. 1 Ritter, J. 1 Snydstrup, L. 1 Kuznetsov, G. 2 Tiunov, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1557; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: GOLD isotopes; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691514
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154563&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Donets, E. D.
AU  - Donets, E. E.
AU  - Becker, R.
AU  - Liljeby, L.
AU  - Rensfelt, K. -G.
AU  - Beebe, E. N.
AU  - Pikin, A. I.
T1  - Status report on the development of a tubular electron beam ion source.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1566
EP  - 1568
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The theoretical estimations and numerical simulations of tubular electron beams in both beam and reflex mode of source operation as well as the off-axis ion extraction from a tubular electron beam ion source (TEBIS) are presented. Numerical simulations have been done with the use of the IGUN and OPERA-3D codes. Numerical simulations with IGUN code show that the effective electron current can reach more than 100 A with a beam current density of about 300–400 A/cm2 and the electron energy in the region of several KeV with a corresponding increase of the ion output. Off-axis ion extraction from the TEBIS, being the nonaxially symmetric problem, was simulated with OPERA-3D (SCALA) code. The conceptual design and main parameters of new tubular sources which are under consideration at JINR, MSL, and BNL are based on these simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ION sources
KW  - IONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE beams
N1  - Accession Number: 13154553; Donets, E. D. 1 Donets, E. E. 1; Email Address: edonets@sunhe.jinr.ru Becker, R. 2 Liljeby, L. 3 Rensfelt, K. -G. 3 Beebe, E. N. 4 Pikin, A. I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of High Energies, Joint Institute, Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia  2: Institute fur Angewandte Physik der Johann Wolfgang Goekthe-Universitat Frankfurt Fach 180, 60054 Frankfurt/M, Germany  3: Manne Siegbahn Laboratory, Stockholm S-10405, Sweden  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1566; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691524
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154553&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Yushkov, George Yu
AU  - MacGil, Robert A.
AU  - Brown, Ian G.
T1  - Mevva ion source operated in purely gaseous mode.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Table of Contents
SP  - 1582
EP  - 1584
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have operated a vacuum arc ion source in such a way as to form beams of purely gaseous ions. The vacuum arc configuration that is conventionally used to produce intense beams of metal ions was altered so as to form gaseous ion beams, with only minimal changes to the external circuitry and no changes internally to the ion source. In our experiments we formed beams from oxygen (O+ and O2+), nitrogen (N+ and N2+), argon (Ar+), and carbon dioxide (C+, CO2+, O+, and O2+) at extraction voltage of 2–50 kV. We used a pulsed mode of operation, with beam pulses ∼50 ms long and repetition rate 10 pulses per second, for a duty cycle of about 50%. Downstream ion beam current as measured by a 5 cm diameter Faraday cup was typically 0.5 mA pulse or about 250 μA time averaged. This time averaged beam current is very similar to that obtained for metal ions when the source is operated in the usual vacuum arc mode. Here we describe the modifications made to the source and the results of our investigations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - VACUUM arcs
KW  - ELECTRIC arc
KW  - IONS
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - CARBON dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 13154547; Yushkov, George Yu 1; Email Address: gyushkov@opee.hcei.tsc.ru MacGil, Robert A. 2 Brown, Ian G. 2; Affiliation:  1: High Current Electronics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1582; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: VACUUM arcs; Subject Term: ELECTRIC arc; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Table of Contents
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691474
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154547&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alton, G. D.
AU  - Bilheux, J. -C.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Cole, A.
AU  - Williams, C.
T1  - Universal method for effusive-flow characterization target ion source/vapor transport systems for radioactive ion beam generation (abstract).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1613
EP  - 1613
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Worldwide interest in the use of accelerated radioactive ion beams (RIBs) for exploring reactions important in understanding the structure of the nucleus and nuclear astrophysical phenomena has motivated the construction of facilities dedicated to their production and acceleration. Many facilities utilize the isotope-separator-on-line (ISOL) method in which species of interest are generated within a solid or liquid target matrix. Experimentally useful RIBs are often difficult to generate by this technique because of the times required for diffusion from the interior of the target material, and to effusively transport the species of interest to the ion source following diffusion release in relation to its lifetime. Therefore, these delay times must be minimized. We have developed an experimental method that can be used to determine effusive-flow times of arbitrary geometry target/vapor transport systems. The technique utilizes a fast valve to measure effusive-flow times as short as 0.1 ms for any chemically active or inactive species through any target system, independent of size, geometry and materials of construction. In this report, we provide a theoretical basis for effusive flow through arbitrary geometry vapor transport systems, describe a universal experimental apparatus for measuring effusive-flow times, and provide time spectra for noble gases through prototype RIB target/vapor-transport systems. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - IONS
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 13154448; Alton, G. D. 1; Email Address: gda@oml.gov Bilheux, J. -C. 1 Liu, Y. 1 Cole, A. 1 Williams, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6368; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1613; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1702091
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154448&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stockli, Martin P.
AU  - Welton, R. F.
AU  - Keller, R.
T1  - Self-consistent, unbiased root-mean-square emittance analysis.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1646
EP  - 1649
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We present a self-consistent method for analyzing measured emittance data that yields unbiased estimates for the root-mean-square (rms) emittance. The self-consistent, unbiased elliptical exclusion analysis uses an ellipse to determine the bias from the data outside the ellipse, before calculating the rms emittance from the bias-subtracted data within the ellipse. Increasing the ellipse size until the rms emittance estimate saturates allows for determining the minimum elliptical area that includes all real signals, even those buried in the noise. Variations of the ellipse shape and orientations are used to test the robustness of the results. Background fluctuations cause fluctuations in the rms emittance estimate, which are an estimate of the uncertainty incurred through the analysis. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - STANDARD deviations
KW  - ANALYSIS of variance
KW  - ELLIPSES (Geometry)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13154538; Stockli, Martin P. 1; Email Address: stockli@sns.gov Welton, R. F. 1 Keller, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: SNS, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830  2: SNS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1646; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: STANDARD deviations; Subject Term: ANALYSIS of variance; Subject Term: ELLIPSES (Geometry); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695649
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154538&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goncharov, A.
AU  - Gorshkov, V.
AU  - Maslov, V.
AU  - Zadorozhny, V.
AU  - Brown, I.
T1  - The low-field permanent magnet electrostatic plasma lens.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1662
EP  - 1664
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We describe the status of ongoing research and development of the electrostatic plasma lens as used for the manipulation of high current broad beams of heavy ions of moderate energy. In some collaborative work at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory the lens was used to good effect for carrying out high dose ion implantation processing. In the process of this work a very narrow range of low magnetic field was found for which the ion-optical characteristics of the lens improved markedly. Subsequent theoretical analysis and computer modeling has led to an understanding of this phenomenon. These serendipitous results open up some attractive possibilities for the development of a new compact and low cost plasma lens based on permanent magnets rather than on current-driven field coils surrounding the lens volume. The development of this kind of lens, including both very low noise and minimal spherical aberration effects, may lead to a tool suitable for use in the injection beam lines of high current heavy ion linear accelerators. Here we briefly review the lens fundamentals, some characteristics of focusing heavy ion beams at low magnetic fields, and summarize recent theoretical and experimental developments, with emphasis on the relevance and suitability of the lens for accelerator injection application. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROSTATIC lenses
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154514; Goncharov, A. 1; Email Address: gonchar@iop.kiev.ua Gorshkov, V. 1 Maslov, V. 2 Zadorozhny, V. 3 Brown, I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, NASU, 46 pr. Nauki, Kiev 03039, Ukraine  2: NSC Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine  3: Institute of Cybernetics NASU, 40 pr. ac. Glushkov, Kiev 03680, Ukraine  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1662; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATIC lenses; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1699450
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154514&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welton, R. F.
AU  - Stockli, M. P.
AU  - Roseberry, R. T.
AU  - Kang, Y.
AU  - Keller, R.
T1  - The design of high power, external antennas for radio frequency multicusp ion sources.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1789
EP  - 1792
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The ion source for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is a radio-frequency, multicusp source designed to deliver H- beam pulses of 45 mA to the SNS accelerator, with a pulse length of 1 ms and a repetition rate of 60 Hz. In order to achieve this performance the source must operate with both high peak rf power, ∼45 kW, and high average rf power, ∼3 kW, over an operational run period of 3 weeks. The most critical source component in this respect is the plasma-immersed, porcelain coated rf antenna which can be susceptible to damage during high power operation. The DESY group has developed an external antenna configuration utilizing an Al2O3 plasma chamber which has demonstrated a very long operational period exceeding 25 000 h. Their source operates with peak rf powers comparable to the SNS source but with greatly reduced average rf powers, ∼50 W. In order to explore the applicability of this external antenna concept to high average power ion sources like the SNS source, we have performed thermal, mechanical, and electromagnetic analyses of the Al2O3 plasma chamber. This article discusses the final design which has resulted from these studies as well as estimates of the power limitations of such devices. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - RADIO measurements
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154512; Welton, R. F. 1 Stockli, M. P. 1 Roseberry, R. T. 1 Kang, Y. 1 Keller, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Systems Division, Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6473  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1789; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: RADIO measurements; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1699452
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154512&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welton, R. F.
AU  - Stockli, M. P.
AU  - Murray, S. N.
AU  - Keller, R.
T1  - The status of the spallation neutron source ion source.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1793
EP  - 1795
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The ion source for the spallation neutron source (SNS) is a radio-frequency, multicusp source designed to deliver 45 mA of H- to the SNS accelerator with a pulse length of 1 ms and repetition rate of 60 Hz. A total of three ion sources have been fabricated and commissioned at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and subsequently delivered to the SNS at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The ion sources are currently being rotated between operation on the SNS accelerator, where they are involved in ongoing efforts to commission the SNS LINAC, and the hot spare stand (HSS), where high-current tests are in progress. Commissioning work involves operating the source in a low duty-factor mode (pulse width ∼200 μs and repetition rate ∼5 Hz) for extended periods of time while the high-current tests involve source operation at full duty-factor of 6% (1 ms/60 Hz). This report discusses routine performance of the source employed in the commissioning role as well as the initial results of high-current tests performed on the HSS. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - QUANTUM optics
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13154457; Welton, R. F. 1; Email Address: welton@ornl.gov Stockli, M. P. 1 Murray, S. N. 1 Keller, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Systems Division, Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6473  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1793; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: QUANTUM optics; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1702081
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154457&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hahto, S. K.
AU  - Hahto, S. T.
AU  - Kwan, J. W.
AU  - Leung, K. N.
AU  - Grisham, L. R.
AU  - Saadatmand, K.
AU  - Benveniste, V.
T1  - Negative ions for heavy ion fusion and semiconductor manufacturing applications.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1799
EP  - 1802
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Radio frequency driven multicusp source was set up to run chlorine plasma and the source performance was compared between positive and negative chlorine ion production. A maximum Cl- current density of 45 mA/cm2 was achieved at 2.2 kW of rf power with electron to negative ion ratio of 7 and positive to negative ion ratio of 1.3. 99.8% of the total negative chlorine beam was atomic Cl-. To produce negative boron ions for semiconductor manufacturing applications, a noncesiated, sputtering-type surface production ion source was constructed. An external rf antenna geometry and large LaB6 converter were implemented in the source design. Maximum B2- ion current density of 1 mA/cm2 was achieved at 800 W of rf power and -600 V converter voltage. Total B2- ion current was 1.8 mA. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ION sources
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154509; Hahto, S. K. 1; Email Address: skhahto@lbl.gov Hahto, S. T. 1 Kwan, J. W. 1 Leung, K. N. 1 Grisham, L. R. 2 Saadatmand, K. 3 Benveniste, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  3: Axcelis Technologies, Inc., Beverly, Massachusetts 01915; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1799; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1699455
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154509&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oka, Y.
AU  - Tsumori, K.
AU  - Takeiri, Y.
AU  - Ikeda, K.
AU  - Kaneko, O.
AU  - Nagaoka, K.
AU  - Osakabe, M.
AU  - Asano, E.
AU  - Kawamoto, T.
AU  - Kondo, T.
AU  - Sato, M.
AU  - Grisham, L.
AU  - Honda, A.
AU  - Umeda, N.
AU  - Yamamoto, T.
T1  - Studies of H- source for large helical device-neutral beam injector (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1803
EP  - 1808
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A powerful neutral beam system with six high current H- ion sources achieved a total power of 10.3 MW in the large helical device (LHD). We describe the present status of the ion sources, and the results of studies of cesium consumption, tungsten filament lifetime, and the velocity spectrum of the beam. Maximum power and beam energy in those ion sources range from 3.5 to 4.4 MW and 165 to 180 keV (design energy), respectively. The maximum H- current is ∼25 A. Much progress on beam acceleration and plasma uniformity was facilitated by a new accelerator and new arc power supply system with careful Cs seeding. Cs consumption for 1/2 year of operation ranges from 3.9 to 10.6 g per one source (over 2×104 shots). It is converted to the rate of 0.17–1.5 mg per one shot per source. It is considered that Cs deposition on the inside surface of the plasma source could be from 0.11 to 1.0 monolayer per one shot per source. This is of the same order as the expected optimum coverage of ∼0.7. Filament weight loss was measured in each source. Filaments have to be exchanged every 1–3 months (i.e., ∼104 shots). The filament lifetime cycle, instead of the Cs consumption, determines the maintenance cycle. Distribution of the filament weight loss in each source is nonuniform. The distribution changed after adjusting the arc current distribution to each filament for optimized H- uniformity by an independently adjustable multiarc power supply system and filament supplies. Tungsten deposition is from 0.015 to 0.065 monolayer per shot per source. This is smaller than the Cs deposition. Doppler shift spectroscopy yielded the first velocity spectrum for the LHD-neutral beam injector beam. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13154504; Oka, Y. 1; Email Address: oka@lhd.nifs.ac.jp Tsumori, K. 1 Takeiri, Y. 1 Ikeda, K. 1 Kaneko, O. 1 Nagaoka, K. 1 Osakabe, M. 1 Asano, E. 1 Kawamoto, T. 1 Kondo, T. 1 Sato, M. 1 Grisham, L. 2 Honda, A. 3 Umeda, N. 3 Yamamoto, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki-city 509-5292, Japan  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  3: Naka Fusion Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1803; Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1699460
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154504&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwan, J. W.
AU  - Grote, D. P.
AU  - Westenskow, G. A.
T1  - High current density beamlets from a rf argon source for heavy ion fusion applications.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1838
EP  - 1840
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - In a new approach to develop high current beams for heavy ion fusion, beam current at about 0.5 ampere per channel can be obtained by merging an array of high current density beamlets of 5 mA each. We have done computer simulations to study the transport of high current density beamlets and the emittance growth due to this merging process. In our radio frequency (rf) multicusp source experiment, we have produced a cluster of 61 beamlets using minimum gas flow. The current density from a 0.25 cm diameter aperture reached 100 mA/cm2. The normalized 4 rms emittance of 0.0186π mm mrad corresponds to an equivalent ion temperature of 2.08 eV. These results showed that the rf argon plasma source is suitable for producing high current density beamlets that can be merged to form a high current high brightness beam for heavy ion fusion application. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GAS flow
KW  - RADIO waves
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - RADIO frequency
N1  - Accession Number: 13154485; Kwan, J. W. 1 Grote, D. P. 2 Westenskow, G. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-8201  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1838; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GAS flow; Subject Term: RADIO waves; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1699517
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batalin, V. A.
AU  - Bugaev, A. S.
AU  - Gushenets, V. I.
AU  - Hershcovitch, A.
AU  - Johnson, B. M.
AU  - Kolomiets, A. A.
AU  - Kuibeda, R. P.
AU  - Kondratiev, B. K.
AU  - Kulevoy, T. V.
AU  - Litovko, I. V.
AU  - Oks, E. M.
AU  - Pershin, V. I.
AU  - Poole, H. J.
AU  - Petrenko, S. V.
AU  - Seleznev, D. N.
AU  - Svarovski, A. Ya
AU  - Turchin, V. I.
AU  - Yushkov, G. Yu
T1  - Highly stripped ion sources for MeV ion implantation.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1900
EP  - 1903
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A joint research and development effort whose ultimate goal is to develop an intense, high charge state, ion source for mega-electron-volt ion implanters has been initiated. Present day high-energy ion implanters utilize low charge state (usually single charge) ion sources in combination with radio frequency (rf) accelerators. Usually, a MeV Linear Accelerator (MV LINAC) is used for acceleration of a few milliamperes. It is desirable to have instead an intense, high charge state ion source on a relatively low energy platform [direct current (dc) acceleration] to generate high-energy ion beams for implantation. This endeavor is a continuation of earlier research, which resulted in generating ions like Pb+7 and Bi+8 and ion currents exceeding 200 mA. The natural next step is to convert and optimize ion charge state enhancement techniques to generate B, P, As, and Sb ions, and adapt them to a dc implanter. A number of schemes are to be pursued simultaneously. The most promising approach is to be developed into a commercial ion source. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154464; Batalin, V. A. 1 Bugaev, A. S. 2 Gushenets, V. I. 2 Hershcovitch, A. 3 Johnson, B. M. 3 Kolomiets, A. A. 4 Kuibeda, R. P. 4 Kondratiev, B. K. 4 Kulevoy, T. V. 4 Litovko, I. V. 2 Oks, E. M. 2; Email Address: oks@opee.hcei.tsc.ru Pershin, V. I. 5 Poole, H. J. 6 Petrenko, S. V. 5 Seleznev, D. N. 5 Svarovski, A. Ya 7 Turchin, V. I. 5 Yushkov, G. Yu 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute, Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia  2: High Current Electronics Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634055 Russia  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11766  4: Institute, Theoretical and Experimental and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 11728 Russia  5: Institute, Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117218 Russia  6: PVI, Oxnard, California 93031-5023  7: Siberian Divisions of Russian National Research Center "A.A. Bochvara Scientific Research Institute, Inorganic Materials," Seversk, 636070 Russia; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1900; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1702116
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaelens, M.
AU  - Loiselet, M.
AU  - Ryckewaert, G.
AU  - Pardo, R. C.
AU  - Scott, R. H.
AU  - Vondrasek, R.
AU  - Collon, Ph.
AU  - Kutchera, W.
T1  - Oceans circulation and electron cyclotron resonance sources: Measurement of the AR-39 isotopic ratio in Seawater.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1916
EP  - 1918
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The radionuclide 39Ar is produced in the atmosphere by cosmic rays and has an isotopic abundance of 8.1×10-16. Because its half life (T1/2=269 years) is well matched to the time periods involved in the oceanic currents around the Earth, the measurement of the 39Ar isotopic ratio is an ideal tool to date ocean water from different depths. It would complement the information gained by the 14C measurements (T1/2=5730 years). However, the measurement of the isotopic ratio 39Ar/40Ar is a technical challenge: 1 L of modern ocean water contains ∼6500 atoms of 39Ar, and produces ∼17 decays per year. Although it has been possible to detect the 39Ar decays in large volumes of sea water by using the low level counting technique, the possibility of measuring the number of 39Ar atoms faster and in smaller samples using the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) technique would be a major breakthrough for this type of measurement. The development of a viable AMS method for 39Ar has been underway for several years at Argonne National Laboratory, and is presently hampered by the presence of stable 39K ions coming from the ion source. Although the intensity of this isobaric contaminant is low (∼pA extracted from the source), it has to be compared with the 39Ar beam intensity (atoms per minutes). In order to separate these two beams (whose mass difference is only 1.6×10-5), the intensity of the 39K beam coming from the ion source has to be reduced by several orders of magnitude. This reduction has been investigated both at Argonne National Laboratory and at Louvain-la-Neuve. Two techniques have been tried out. In the first, a quartz liner is used to provide a clean surface, while in the second these impurities are buried in a SiO2 layer formed in situ by running the source with a mixture of silane and oxygen. The 39K background has been reduced by a factor of 100 with these treatments. These techniques and their results obtained both at Argonne and Louvain-la-Neuve will be presented. The ion source specific requirements for this type of application will also be discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - OCEAN currents
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - OCEAN convection
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - SEAWATER -- Composition
KW  - OCEAN circulation
N1  - Accession Number: 13154497; Gaelens, M. 1; Email Address: gaelens@cyc.ucl.ac.be Loiselet, M. 1 Ryckewaert, G. 1 Pardo, R. C. 2 Scott, R. H. 2 Vondrasek, R. 2 Collon, Ph. 3 Kutchera, W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Université Catholique de Louvain, Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron, Chemin du Cylotron 2, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South CAss Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964-8000  4: Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator, Institut fier Isotopenforschung und Kernphysik, Universitaet Wien, Waehringer Strasse 17, A-1090 Wiej, Austria; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 75 Issue 5, p1916; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: OCEAN currents; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: OCEAN convection; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: SEAWATER -- Composition; Subject Term: OCEAN circulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1699526
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sachenko, P.P.
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
AU  - Zhang, W.
T1  - Observations of secondary oscillations in thermal grain boundary grooves
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 50
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1253
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Thermal grain boundary grooving by surface diffusion is accompanied not only by main maxima on either side of a groove, but also by secondary maxima and minima. We measure these oscillations in tungsten and give reasons why the observed secondary maxima and minima are larger than predicted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Grain boundaries
KW  - Grain boundary grooving
KW  - Metals
N1  - Accession Number: 12375207; Sachenko, P.P. 1 Schneibel, J.H. 1; Email Address: schneibeljh@ornl.gov Zhang, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 378316115, USA  2: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 50 Issue 9, p1253; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary grooving; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.01.030
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinnaduwage, L.A.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Hawk, J.E.
AU  - Hedden, D.L.
AU  - Britt, P.F.
AU  - Houser, E.J.
AU  - Stepnowski, S.
AU  - McGill, R.A.
AU  - Bubb, D.
T1  - Detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene using microcantilever sensors
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 99
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
SN  - 09254005
AB  - We report the gas phase detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) with a SXFA-[poly(1-(4-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethyl-5,5,5-trifluoro)pent-1-enyl)methylsiloxane]-polymer-coated microcantilevers. These studies show that a detection sensitivity of 300 parts-per-trillion (ppt) could be achieved within a few seconds of exposure of the sensor to the vapor stream. The response is reversible and the sensor coating has been shown to be able to withstand repeated exposure to varying levels of DNT concentrations over a year. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - DINITROTOLUENES
KW  - Detection
KW  - Dinitrotoluene (DNT)
KW  - Microcantilever
KW  - Microsensor
N1  - Accession Number: 12981135; Pinnaduwage, L.A. 1; Email Address: pinnaduwagla@ornl.gov Thundat, T. 1 Hawk, J.E. 1 Hedden, D.L. 1 Britt, P.F. 1 Houser, E.J. 2 Stepnowski, S. 2 McGill, R.A. 2 Bubb, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6122, USA  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6370, Washington, DC 20375, USA  3: Department of Physics, Seton Hall University, 400 S. Orange Ave., South Orange, NJ 07079, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 99 Issue 2/3, p223; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: VAPORS; Subject Term: DINITROTOLUENES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dinitrotoluene (DNT); Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microsensor; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.snb.2003.11.011
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sodano, Henry A.
AU  - Inman, Daniel J.
AU  - Park, Gyuhae
T1  - A Review of Power Harvesting from Vibration using Piezoelectric Materials.
JO  - Shock & Vibration Digest
JF  - Shock & Vibration Digest
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 205
SN  - 05831024
AB  - The process of acquiring the energy surrounding a system and converting it into usable electrical energy is termed power harvesting. In the last few years, there has been a surge of research in the area of power harvesting. This increase in research has been brought on by the modern advances in wireless technology and low-power electronics such as microelectromechanical systems. The advances have allowed numerous doors to open for power harvesting systems in practical real-world applications. The use of piezoelectric materials to capitalize on the ambient vibrations surrounding a system is one method that has seen a dramatic rise in use for power harvesting. Piezoelectric materials have a crystalline structure that provides them with the ability to transform mechanical strain energy into electrical charge and, vice versa, to convert an applied electrical potential into mechanical strain. This property provides these materials with the ability to absorb mechanical energy from their surroundings, usually ambient vibration, and transform it into electrical energy that can be used to power other devices. While piezoelectric materials are the major method of harvesting energy, other methods do exist; for example, one of the conventional methods is the use of electromagnetic devices. In this paper we discuss the research that has been performed in the area of power harvesting and the future goals that must be achieved for power harvesting systems to find their way into everyday use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Shock & Vibration Digest is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC devices
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC devices
KW  - POWER electronics
KW  - energy generation
KW  - energy scavenging
KW  - piezoelectric
KW  - power harvesting
N1  - Accession Number: 13964725; Sodano, Henry A. 1 Inman, Daniel J. 1 Park, Gyuhae 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.  2: Engineering Sciences and Applications, Weapon Response Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p197; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC devices; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy scavenging; Author-Supplied Keyword: piezoelectric; Author-Supplied Keyword: power harvesting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0583102404043275
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gould, Nicholas I. M.
AU  - Leyffer, Sven
AU  - Toint, Philippe L.
T1  - A MULTIDIMENSIONAL FILTER ALGORITHM FOR NONLINEAR EQUATIONS AND NONLINEAR LEAST-SQUARES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
JF  - SIAM Journal on Optimization
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 38
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10526234
AB  - We introduce a new algorithm for the solution of systems of nonlinear equations and nonlinear least-squares problems that attempts to combine the efficiency of filter techniques and the robustness of trust-region methods. The algorithm is shown, under reasonable assumptions, to globally converge to zeros of the system, or to first-order stationary points of the Euclidean norm of its residual. Preliminary numerical experience is presented that shows substantial gains in efficiency over the traditional monotone trust-region approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Optimization is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR evolution equations
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - MAXIMAL subgroups
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - filter methods
KW  - nonlinear equations
KW  - nonlinear fitting
KW  - nonlinear least-squares
KW  - trust-region algorithms
N1  - Accession Number: 15154877; Gould, Nicholas I. M. 1; Email Address: n.gould@rl.ac.uk Leyffer, Sven 2; Email Address: leyffer@mcs.anl.gov Toint, Philippe L. 3; Email Address: philippe.toint@fundp.ac.be; Affiliation:  1: Computational Science and Engineering Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, England  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  3: Department of Mathematics, University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p17; Subject Term: NONLINEAR evolution equations; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: MAXIMAL subgroups; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: filter methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear fitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: trust-region algorithms; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1052623403422637
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Essington, M.E.
AU  - Foss, J.E.
AU  - Roh, Y.
T1  - The Soil Mineralogy of Lead at Horace's Villa.
JO  - Soil Science Society of America Journal
JF  - Soil Science Society of America Journal
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 68
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 979
EP  - 993
SN  - 03615995
AB  - Lead pipe buried by calcareous alluvium at Horace's Villa near Licenza, Italy, for more than a millennium were excavated, along with soil from around and within the lead pipe, to identify the stable corrosion products and Pb-bearing soil minerals. The corrosion crust of the pipe, soil from inside the pipe, and soil from around the pipe were characterized by chemical means and by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The chemical and thermal conditions necessary to produce the identified Pb mineral assemblage was investigated through the development of activity and predominance diagrams. Analysis of total soil Pb concentrations indicates that the lateral movement of Pb from the pipe in the pH >8 soil has exceeded 9 cm. However, background soil Pb concentrations are observed at a lateral distance of 50 cm. The corrosion crust of the lead pipe is composed of litharge [α-PbO(s)], cerussite [PbCO3(s)], and hydrocerussite [Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2(s)]. Similarly, soil inside the pipe and in the 0- to 1-cm zone around the pipe contains cerussite and hydrocerussite. A detailed thermochemical analysis indicates that the formation of hydrocerussite is favored, relative to cerussite, when the CO2 partial pressure is approximately atmospheric (10-35 atm or 10-45 MPa) or less, or when the soil temperature is appropriately 25°C or greater. The formation of stable lead phosphates has not occurred in these alkaline environments, even though apatite is present and thermochemical analysis predicts the formation of chloropyromorphite [Pb5(PO4)3Cl(s)]. If chloropyromorphite is removed from consideration, hydroxypyromorphite [Pb5(PO4)3OH(s)] is not predicted to form in the presence of apatite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Science Society of America Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Alluvium
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Lead in soils
KW  - Lead
KW  - Lead pipe
KW  - Italy
N1  - Accession Number: 13364379; Essington, M.E. 1; Email Address: messington@utk.edu; Foss, J.E. 2; Roh, Y. 3; Affiliations: 1: Biosystems Engineering and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee; 2: Soils International, Inc., TN 37933; 3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6038; Issue Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 68 Issue 3, p979; Thesaurus Term: Alluvium; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Lead in soils; Thesaurus Term: Lead; Subject Term: Lead pipe; Subject: Italy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331491 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs, 5 Charts, 25 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reda, Ibrahim
AU  - Andreas, Afshin
T1  - Solar position algorithm for solar radiation applications
JO  - Solar Energy
JF  - Solar Energy
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 76
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
SN  - 0038092X
AB  - There have been many published articles describing solar position algorithms for solar radiation applications. The best uncertainty achieved in most of these articles is greater than ±0.01° in calculating the solar zenith and azimuth angles. For some, the algorithm is valid for a limited number of years varying from 15 years to a hundred years. This report is a step by step procedure for implementing an algorithm to calculate the solar zenith and azimuth angles in the period from the year <f>−</f>2000 to 6000, with uncertainties of ±0.0003°. The algorithm is described in a book written by Jean Meeus in 1998. This report is written in a step by step format to simplify the complicated steps described in the book, with a focus on the sun instead of the planets and stars in general. It also introduces some changes to accommodate for solar radiation applications. The changes include changing the direction of measuring azimuth angles to be measured from north and eastward instead of being measured from south and eastward, and the direction of measuring the observer’s geographical longitude to be measured as positive eastward from Greenwich meridian instead of negative. This report also includes the calculation of incidence angle for a surface that is tilted to any horizontal and vertical angle, as described by Iqbals in 1983. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Electromagnetic waves
KW  - Zenith distance
KW  - Azimuth
KW  - ΔUT1
KW  - Global solar irradiance
KW  - Solar azimuth angle
KW  - Solar zenith angle
KW  - Universal time
KW  - VSOP87 theory
N1  - Accession Number: 12442368; Reda, Ibrahim; Email Address: ibrahim_reda@nrel.gov; Andreas, Afshin 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 76 Issue 5, p577; Subject Term: Algorithms; Subject Term: Solar radiation; Subject Term: Electromagnetic waves; Subject Term: Zenith distance; Subject Term: Azimuth; Author-Supplied Keyword: ΔUT1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global solar irradiance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar azimuth angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar zenith angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Universal time; Author-Supplied Keyword: VSOP87 theory; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solener.2003.12.003
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lezama-Pacheco, J.
AU  - Mustre de León, J.
AU  - Espinosa, F.J.
AU  - Rábago, F.
AU  - Conradson, S.
T1  - Local atomic structure around iodine in ZnSe:I
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We determined the local atomic structure around iodine dopant atoms in single-crystal samples of ZnSe:I by means of X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). X-ray diffraction studies show that the introduction of iodine at these concentrations (0.08 at%), produces no other phases and that the average crystalline structure remains the same as that of pure ZnSe. XAFS results show that the iodine enters into the ZnSe lattice substituting Se. An increase in the I–Zn distance was observed compared to the Se–Zn distance in undoped ZnSe, while the second-neighbor distance was the same as that found in undoped ZnSe. These results contrast with those found in other doped semiconductors such as CdTe:In, CdTe:Cu, and noteworthy ZnSe:Cl. In those cases, at this dopant levels the local structure around the dopant atoms shows a significant lattice distortion, signaled by two different bond lengths to the nearest-neighbor atoms, suggesting the formation of a dopant–cation vacancy complex defect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC selenide
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - DOPED semiconductors
KW  - ZINC compounds
KW  - II–VI-doped semiconductors
KW  - Local atomic structure
KW  - XAFS
KW  - ZnSe
N1  - Accession Number: 12838360; Lezama-Pacheco, J. 1 Mustre de León, J. 1; Email Address: mustre@mail.cinvestav.mx Espinosa, F.J. 2 Rábago, F. 3 Conradson, S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física Aplicada, CINVESTAV-Mérida, Mérida, Yucatan 97310, Mexico  2: Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatan 97300, Mexico  3: Instituto de Física, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, 78240 SLP, Mexico  4: Structure and Properties Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 82 Issue 1/2, p151; Subject Term: ZINC selenide; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: DOPED semiconductors; Subject Term: ZINC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: II–VI-doped semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local atomic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnSe; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hermann, A.M.
AU  - Madan, Arun
AU  - Wanlass, M.W.
AU  - Badri, V.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R.
AU  - Morrison, Scott
AU  - Gonzalez, Carlos
T1  - MOCVD growth and properties of Zn3P2 and Cd3P2 films for thermal photovoltaic applications
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 82
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 09270248
AB  - We report the growth and characterization (structural and electronic) of thin films of Zn3P2 and Cd3P2 grown by MOCVD. Heterojunctions of this pair of dopable semiconductors are being studied for applications as thermophotovoltaic devices. We have grown films of these materials on glass substrates, and X-ray diffaction studies confirm the phase formation and polycrystalline nature of the films. Optical absorption studies revealed three distinct transitions in the Zn3P2 films, at 1.3, 1.55, and 1.85 eV (in agreement with literature values found in single crystals). Analysis of optical spectra of the films showed direct transitions at 0.62, 0.65, and 0.71 eV. We also report measurements of photoconductivity and photoluminescence in these films. Hall effect measurements show the Cd3P2 films to be n-type with mobilities as high as 429 cm2/V s. Carrier lifetimes were also measured directly by a photoconductive decay technique. The films show promise for TPV devices, although fabrication of such multilayer devices is in only a preliminary stage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - HETEROJUNCTIONS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC effect
KW  - Absorption studies
KW  - Heterojunction
KW  - MOCVD
N1  - Accession Number: 12838368; Hermann, A.M. 1; Email Address: allen.hermann@colorado.edu Madan, Arun 2 Wanlass, M.W. 3 Badri, V. 2 Ahrenkiel, R. 3 Morrison, Scott 2 Gonzalez, Carlos 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA  2: MVSystems Inc., Golden, CO, USA  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 82 Issue 1/2, p241; Subject Term: METAL organic chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTIONS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterojunction; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOCVD; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saito, Susumu
AU  - Umemoto, Koichiro
AU  - Louie, Steven G.
AU  - Cohen, Marvin L.
T1  - Energetics and structural stability of Cs3C60
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 130
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Using the ab initio pseudopotential total-energy method and the density–functional theory, we study the energetics of face-centered-cubic Cs3C60 which is a material of great interest as a possible high transition-temperature superconductor. At the optimized lattice constant the volume per C60 is found to be smaller than the the most-stable hexagon-coordination A15 phase, while the total energy of the fcc phase is about 0.9 eV higher than the A15 phase. These results indicate that a low-temperature and high-pressure synthesis method might be a possible way to produce the fcc Cs3C60 phase. In addition, it is also found that the A15 Cs3C60 should show a phase transformation from a hexagon-coordination phase to a pentagon-coordination phase under hydrostatic pressure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - 61.48.+c
KW  - A. Fullerenes
KW  - A. High-Tc superconductors
KW  - A. Nanostructures
KW  - C. Crystal structure and symmetry
N1  - Accession Number: 12639738; Saito, Susumu 1,2,3; Email Address: saito@civet.berkeley.edu Umemoto, Koichiro 3,4 Louie, Steven G. 1,2 Cohen, Marvin L. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, 366 Le Conte Hall 7300, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan  4: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 130 Issue 5, p335; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.48.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Fullerenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. High-Tc superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nanostructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Crystal structure and symmetry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.02.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiarizia, R.
AU  - Jensen, M. P.
AU  - Borkowski, M.
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P.
AU  - Littrell, K. C.
T1  - Interpretation of Third Phase Formation in the Th(IV)–HNO3, TBP–n-Octane System with Baxter's “Sticky Spheres” Model#.
JO  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
JF  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
EP  - 351
SN  - 07366299
AB  - Investigates the extraction of HNO3 and U(VI) and Th(IV) nitrates by n-alkane solutions of the classic monofunctional actinide extractant tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP), focusing on the aggregation state of TBP and the TBP complexes in the organic phase.  Observation on the third phase formation in liquid-liquid extraction of metal species; Information on the Baxter model for hard spheres with surface adhesion; Main characteristics of the small-angle neutron diffractometer.
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - NITROGEN compounds
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - METALS
KW  - Baxter model
KW  - HNO3-Th(NO3),4
KW  - Small-angle neutron scattering
KW  - Third phase formation
KW  - Tri-n-butylphosphate-n-octane
N1  - Accession Number: 13108800; Chiarizia, R. 1; Email Address: chiarizia@anl.gov. Jensen, M. P. 1 Borkowski, M. 1 Thiyagarajan, P. 2 Littrell, K. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA  2: IPNS Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p325; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: NITROGEN compounds; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: METALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baxter model; Author-Supplied Keyword: HNO3-Th(NO3),4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Third phase formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tri-n-butylphosphate-n-octane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 27p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SEI-120030394
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sodano, H. A.
AU  - Park, G.
AU  - Inman, D. J.
T1  - Estimation of Electric Charge Output for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting.
JO  - Strain
JF  - Strain
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 58
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00392103
AB  - Piezoelectric materials (PZT) can be used as mechanisms to transfer mechanical energy, usually ambient vibration, into electrical energy that can be stored and used to power other devices. With the recent advances in wireless and micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) technology , sensors can be placed in exotic and remote locations. As these devices are wireless it becomes necessary that they have their own power supply. The power supply in most cases is the conventional battery; however, problems can occur when using batteries because of their finite life span. Because most sensors are being developed so that they can be placed in remote locations such as structural sensors on a bridge or global positioning service (GPS) tracking devices on animals in the wild, obtaining the sensor simply to replace the battery can become a very expensive task. Furthermore, in the case of sensors located on civil structures, it is often advantageous to embed them, making access impossible. Therefore, if a method of obtaining the untapped energy surrounding these sensors was implemented, significant life could be added to the power supply. One method is to use PZT materials to obtain ambient energy surrounding the test specimen. This captured energy could then be used to prolong the power supply or in the ideal case provide endless energy for the sensors lifespan. The goal of this study is to develop a model of the PZT power harvesting device. This model would simplify the design procedure necessary for determining the appropriate size and vibration levels necessary for sufficient energy to be produced and supplied to the electronic devices. An experimental verification of the model is also performed to ensure its accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Strain is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - DAMPING (Mechanics)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRICITY
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC devices
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - damping
N1  - Accession Number: 13125554; Sodano, H. A. 1 Park, G. 2 Inman, D. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  2: Engineering Sciences and Applications, Weapon Response Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 40 Issue 2, p49; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: DAMPING (Mechanics); Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: damping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1475-1305.2004.00120.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Yibin
AU  - Zhang, Rongguand
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Carr, Paul D.
AU  - Huber, Thomas
AU  - Vasudevan, Subhash G.
AU  - Ollis, David L.
T1  - Structure of the N-Terminal Domain of Escherichia coli Glutamine Synthetase Adenylyltransferase
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 861
EP  - 869
SN  - 09692126
AB  - We report the crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of Escherichia coli adenylyltransferase that catalyzes the reversible nucleotidylation of glutamine synthetase (GS), a key enzyme in nitrogen assimilation. This domain (AT-N440) catalyzes the deadenylylation and subsequent activation of GS. The structure has been divided into three subdomains, two of which bear some similarity to kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase (KNT). However, the orientation of the two domains in AT-N440 differs from that in KNT. The active site of AT-N440 has been identified on the basis of structural comparisons with KNT, DNA polymerase β, and polyadenylate polymerase. AT-N440 has a cluster of metal binding residues that are conserved in polβ-like nucleotidyl transferases. The location of residues conserved in all ATase sequences was found to cluster around the active site. Many of these residues are very likely to play a role in catalysis, substrate binding, or effector binding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA
KW  - GLUTAMINE
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 13069048; Xu, Yibin 1; Email Address: yibin.xu@jcu.edu.au Zhang, Rongguand 2 Joachimiak, Andrzej 2 Carr, Paul D. 3 Huber, Thomas 4 Vasudevan, Subhash G. 1 Ollis, David L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia  2: Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  3: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Building 35, Science Road, Canberra, ACT0200, Australia  4: Department of Mathematics, The University of Queensland Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p861; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA; Subject Term: GLUTAMINE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.02.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hershberger, J.
AU  - Woodford, J.B.
AU  - Erdemir, A.
AU  - Fenske, G.R.
T1  - Friction and wear behavior of near-frictionless carbon coatings in formulated gasolines
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 183
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Million-cycle reciprocating wear tests have been carried out to determine the ultimate wear lifetime of near-frictionless carbon (NFC) coatings applied to production fuel-injector tips. Wear tests were performed in existing and reformulated gasolines as part of a study to improve fuel systems for spark-ignited, direct-injected (SIDI) engines. Ball-on-three-disc (BOTD) tests were performed to determine the lubricity of the gasolines, and the wear surfaces were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy. NFC coatings reduced friction and total wear by up to 48% and 39%, respectively. No evidence was seen of coating graphitization, the formation of transfer films from the coatings, or the presence of chemical protective films originating from the gasolines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - LIQUID fuels
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - Amorphous
KW  - Carbon
KW  - PACVD
KW  - Profilometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12981055; Hershberger, J.; Email Address: jhersh@anl.gov Woodford, J.B. 1 Erdemir, A. 1 Fenske, G.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 183 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: GASOLINE; Subject Term: LIQUID fuels; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: PACVD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Profilometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.09.048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tobin, J.G.
AU  - Schumann, F.O.
T1  - Erratum to: “Direct extraction of exchange splittings from magnetic X-ray dichroism in photoelectron spectroscopy” [Surf. Sci. 395 (1998) L227]
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 556
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 69
SN  - 00396028
KW  - Alloys
KW  - Angle resolved photoemission
KW  - Iron
KW  - Magnetic films
KW  - Magnetic phenomena (cyclotron resonance, phase transitions, etc.)
KW  - Magnetic surfaces
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Semi-empirical models and model calculations
KW  - Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12778145; Tobin, J.G. 1; Email Address: Tobin1@LLNL.Gov Schumann, F.O. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 556 Issue 1, p69; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle resolved photoemission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic phenomena (cyclotron resonance, phase transitions, etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-empirical models and model calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.03.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bedzyk, M.J.
AU  - Fenter, P.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Cheng, L.
AU  - Okasinski, J.S.
AU  - Sturchio, N.C.
T1  - X-ray Standing Wave Imaging.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 10
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Discusses the applications and properties of X-ray standing wave imaging. Analysis treatment that uses the measured variables to derive structural parameters; Illustration of a Fourier synthesis that uses model-calculated amplitudes and phases; Applications in bulk, vacuum-solid and liquid-solid interfaces.
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - STANDING waves
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - IMAGING systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13812913; Bedzyk, M.J. 1,2 Fenter, P. 2 Zhang, Z. 1,2 Cheng, L. 2 Okasinski, J.S. 1 Sturchio, N.C. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Environmental Catalysis, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p5; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: STANDING waves; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: IMAGING systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, S.-H.
AU  - Mun, B.S.
AU  - Fadley, C.S.
T1  - Spectroscopic Characterization of Buried Interfaces Using Soft X-ray Standing Waves.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 29
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Discusses a new method for spectroscopically characterizing buried interfaces using soft X-ray standing waves that permits much more quantitatively analyzing compositions, chemical and magnetic structure and electronic structure. Results of probing buried magnetic interfaces with soft X-ray standing wave spectroscopes; Measurement of rocking curves; Scan and thickness.
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - STANDING waves
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SPECTROSCOPE
N1  - Accession Number: 13812930; Yang, S.-H. 1 Mun, B.S. 2,3 Fadley, C.S. 2,4; Affiliation:  1: IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Labortory, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p24; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: STANDING waves; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SPECTROSCOPE; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dierker, Steve
T1  - NSLS-II Workshop Lights Brookhaven National Laboratory.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/05//May/Jun2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 54
EP  - 56
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Presents highlights from the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) workshop on March 15, 2004 at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Range of topics discussed; Names of invited guest speakers.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PROTON synchrotrons
KW  - ZERO gradient synchrotrons
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 13812957; Dierker, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Associate Laboratory Director for Light Sources and Chair of the NSLS Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p54; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PROTON synchrotrons; Subject Term: ZERO gradient synchrotrons; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reese, C. Shane
AU  - Wilson, Alyson G.
AU  - Hamada, Michael
AU  - Martz, Harry F.
AU  - Ryan, Kenneth J.
T1  - Integrated Analysis of Computer and Physical Experiments.
JO  - Technometrics
JF  - Technometrics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 164
SN  - 00401706
AB  - Scientific investigations frequently involve data from computer experiment(s) as well as related physical experimental data on the same factors and related response variable(s). There may also be one or more expert opinions regarding the response of interest. Traditional statistical approaches consider each of these datasets separately with corresponding separate analyses and fitted statistical models. A compelling argument can be made that better, more precise statistical models can be obtained if the combined data are analyzed simultaneously using a hierarchical Bayesian integrated modeling approach. However, such an integrated approach must recognize important differences, such as possible biases, in these experiments and expert opinions. We illustrate our proposed integrated methodology by using it to model the thermodynamic operation point of a top-spray fluidized bed microencapsulation processing unit. Such units are used in the food industry to tune the effect of functional ingredients and additives. An important thermodynamic response variable of interest, Y, is the steady-state outlet air temperature. In addition to a set of physical experimental observations involving six factors used to predict Y, similar results from three different computer models are also available. The integrated data from the physical experiment and the three computer models are used to fit an appropriate response surface (regression) model for predicting Y. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Technometrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Bayesian hierarchical models
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Regression
N1  - Accession Number: 12907506; Reese, C. Shane 1; Email Address: reese@stat.byu.edu Wilson, Alyson G. 2 Hamada, Michael 2 Martz, Harry F. 2 Ryan, Kenneth J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602  2: Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Department of Statistics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60208; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p153; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian hierarchical models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regression; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 9 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1198/004017004000000211
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burr, Thomas L.
T1  - Bayesian Inference: Parameter Estimation and Decisions (Book).
JO  - Technometrics
JF  - Technometrics
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 250
EP  - 251
SN  - 00401706
AB  - Reviews the book "Bayesian Inference: Parameter Estimation and Decisions," by H. L. Harney.
KW  - BAYESIAN field theory
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - HARNEY, H. L.
KW  - BAYESIAN Inference (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 12908296; Burr, Thomas L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p250; Subject Term: BAYESIAN field theory; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: BAYESIAN Inference (Book); People: HARNEY, H. L.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Synowicki, R.A.
AU  - Hilfiker, James N.
AU  - Whitman, Pamela K.
T1  - Mueller matrix ellipsometry study of uniaxial deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate (DKDP)
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 455/456
M3  - Article
SP  - 624
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate (DKDP) is used for third harmonic generation (frequency tripling) in high power laser applications [Ferroelectrics, 72, 1987, 397–441; Int. Mater. Rev. 47, 2002, 113–152]. DKDP is a uniaxial anisotropic crystal, which is highly transparent in the visible and infrared spectral ranges. This makes DKDP challenging but well suited for study by both transmission ellipsometry and more conventional reflection-mode ellipsometry. Mueller matrix ellipsometry measurements were required because the data included both anisotropic and depolarizing effects. A rotating analyzer ellipsometer, with computer-controlled Berek compensator after the input polarizer and before the sample, allowed measurement of 11 Mueller matrix elements in transmission mode. Spectroscopic transmission Mueller matrix measurements allow the index difference Δn=no−ne to be determined throughout the transparent spectral range along with the orientation of the optic axis. Reflection mode ellipsometry is used to extract the absolute index of the ordinary component over the spectral range 0.73 to 9 eV (138–1700 nm). Determination of one index component allows calculation of the other component since the difference no−ne is known from the transmission Mueller matrix measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHOSPHATE coating
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - Deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate
KW  - Ellipsometry
KW  - Mueller matrix
KW  - Optical anisotropy
KW  - Optical axis
KW  - Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
KW  - Refractive index
KW  - VASE
N1  - Accession Number: 12978092; Synowicki, R.A. 1; Email Address: rsynowicki@jawoollam.com Hilfiker, James N. 1 Whitman, Pamela K. 2; Affiliation:  1: J.A. Woollam Co, Inc., 645 M Street, Suite 102, Lincoln, NE 68508, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., L-592, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 455/456, p624; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHOSPHATE coating; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ellipsometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mueller matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical axis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Refractive index; Author-Supplied Keyword: VASE; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.02.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferlauto, A.S.
AU  - Ferreira, G.M.
AU  - Koval, R.J.
AU  - Pearce, J.M.
AU  - Wronski, C.R.
AU  - Collins, R.W.
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.M.
AU  - Jones, K.M.
T1  - Evaluation of compositional depth profiles in mixed-phase (amorphous+crystalline) silicon films from real time spectroscopic ellipsometry
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 455/456
M3  - Article
SP  - 665
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The ability to characterize the phase of the intrinsic (i) semiconductor layers incorporated into amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) thin film solar cells is critically important for device optimization. In this study, a new method has been developed to extract the thickness evolution of the μc-Si:H volume fraction in mixed-phase amorphous+microcrystalline silicon [(a+μc)-Si:H] i-layers. This method applies real time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) performed using a rotating-compensator multichannel ellipsometer during r.f. plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of the films, in conjunction with a two-layer virtual interface analysis of the RTSE data. In this analysis, the depth profile of the μc-Si:H volume fraction in the mixed-phase growth regime can be determined simultaneously with the evolution of the surface roughness layer thickness. From this information, the microcrystallite nucleation density and cone angle can be estimated, the latter describing the preferential growth of the silicon microcrystallites. The results from RTSE analysis correlate well with structural and p–i–n solar cell device measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Composition gradients
KW  - Microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H)
KW  - Mixed-phase silicon films
KW  - Real time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE)
KW  - Silicon film growth
N1  - Accession Number: 12978101; Ferlauto, A.S. 1 Ferreira, G.M. 1 Koval, R.J. 1 Pearce, J.M. 1 Wronski, C.R. 1 Collins, R.W. 1; Email Address: rwc@psu.edu Al-Jassim, M.M. 2 Jones, K.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 455/456, p665; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition gradients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H); Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed-phase silicon films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Real time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon film growth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.11.228
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levi, D.H.
AU  - Nelson, B.P.
AU  - Iwanizcko, E.
AU  - Teplin, C.W.
T1  - In-situ studies of the growth of amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon using real time spectroscopic ellipsometry
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 455/456
M3  - Article
SP  - 679
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) has been used to characterize the optical and structural properties of hot-wire CVD (HWCVD) deposited amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon as a function of hydrogen dilution, substrate temperature, and gas pressure. Throughout the range of parameters investigated in this three-dimensional parameter space we find good correlations between post-deposition conductivity measurements and the thickness of the film at the transition from amorphous to nanocrystalline growth, as indicated by a smoothening transition in the surface roughness measured by RTSE during film growth. These results validate the use of RTSE as an in-situ diagnostic to elucidate the nature of HWCVD film growth, particularly as it relates to maximization of photovoltaic device efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - THIN films
KW  - AMORPHOUS semiconductors
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Hot-wire deposition
KW  - In-situ
KW  - Nanocrystalline silicon
KW  - Spectroscopic ellipsometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12978104; Levi, D.H.; Email Address: Dean_Levi@NREL.gov Nelson, B.P. 1 Iwanizcko, E. 1 Teplin, C.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 455/456, p679; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS semiconductors; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot-wire deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-situ; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopic ellipsometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.11.235
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matteucci, G.
AU  - Frost, B.G.
AU  - Medina, F.F.
T1  - Study of the field around magnetic force microscopy probes using electron holography
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 99
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 03043991
AB  - We have used electron holography to perform quantitative investigations of the leakage flux of thin film tips used as probes in magnetic force microscopy. A method to deduce an arrangement of magnetic domains in a thin magnetic whisker from the knowledge of the stray flux is also described. A simple analytical model of the magnetic properties of the probes allows the extraction of computer images, which simulate the experimental results satisfactory. The reliability of the recorded experimental maps of the magnetic flux arising from these kinds of sensors allows an evaluation of the total flux affecting the sample and the calculation of the magnetic field profile along the tip axis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC force microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON holography
KW  - SCANNING force microscopy
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - Electron holography
KW  - Leakage fields
KW  - Magnetic force microscopy
KW  - Magnetic probes
N1  - Accession Number: 12838412; Matteucci, G. 1; Email Address: matteucci@df.unibo.it Frost, B.G. 2 Medina, F.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia University of Bologna, V/le B. Pichat, 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory PO Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 99 Issue 2/3, p95; Subject Term: MAGNETIC force microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON holography; Subject Term: SCANNING force microscopy; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron holography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leakage fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic probes; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2003.06.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Su, Grace W.
AU  - Geller, Jil T.
AU  - Hunt, James R.
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - Small-Scale Features of Gravity-Driven Flow in Unsaturated Fractures.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - Liquid flow through unsaturated fractures often proceeds as fingers or preferential flow paths. During the invasion of liquid fingers into an initially dry, nonhorizontal fracture, fingers may drain, forming a narrow thread of liquid called a rivulet that connects to a wider portion of liquid at the advancing front, defined as a blob. Experimental studies using idealized fractures were performed to investigate the effects of wettability, surface roughness, and aperture size on several important features of gravity-driven flow in fractures: liquid drainage, blob migration, and rivulet flow. The experiments demonstrate that the critical length of the blob before drainage occurred was significantly longer on surfaces with intermediate wettability and on surfaces with roughness on the order of 100 µm than on a smooth, flat water-wetting surface. However, drainage did not occur on surfaces with smaller-scale roughness on the order of 10 µm. Blob velocities were also  measured and were always less than the saturated gravity-driven flow velocity,  even when a liquid with a static contact angle of zero was used. This reduction  in velocity was attributed to contact angle hysteresis. Rivulet widths measured  as a function of flow rate between glass and acrylic parallel plates were generally larger on the acrylic plates than the glass plates for a particular flow rate, demonstrating the sensitivity of rivulet flow to wettability. In addition, the cubic law overpredicted the measured rivulet widths, except for the widths measured between the acrylic plates at 20°. The effect of aperture variability on rivulet flow was also examined. At a critical aperture ranging between 0.25 and 0.37 mm, the liquid in the rivulet did not completely span the aperture, forming two streamlets of liquid on either side of the fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Sanitary engineering
KW  - Hydraulic engineering
KW  - Sewerage
KW  - Liquids
N1  - Accession Number: 14333434; Su, Grace W. 1; Email Address: gwsu@lbl.gov; Geller, Jil T. 1; Hunt, James R. 2; Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 3 Issue 2, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Drainage; Thesaurus Term: Sanitary engineering; Thesaurus Term: Hydraulic engineering; Thesaurus Term: Sewerage; Thesaurus Term: Liquids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562998 All Other Miscellaneous Waste Management Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Alexander Y.
AU  - Dongxiao Zhang
T1  - A Solute Flux Approach to Transport through Bounded, Unsaturated Heterogeneous Porous Media.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - In this paper, we present a solute flux approach for analyzing solute transport  statistics in statistically nonstationary, unsaturated flow. Flow nonstationarity in the vadose zone may arise from a number of factors. It is useful to develop a systematic approach that incorporates these factors into an uncertainty analysis. We first derive the general forms for solute flux moments. The solute flux moments are associated with one- and two-particle joint probability distribution functions (JPDF). We illustrate our results for certain forms of one-particle and two-particle JPDFs, in which the particle travel time is assumed to be lognormally distributed and the particle transverse displacement normally distributed. In the numerical examples, the Eulerian velocity moments is obtained by solving the head moment equations numerically using a finite-difference method. Our results show that flow nonstationarity has a significant impact on the statistics of solute fluxes and solute breakthrough curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Equations
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Probability theory
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Statistics
N1  - Accession Number: 14333407; Sun, Alexander Y. 1; Email Address: asun@cnwra.swri.edu; Dongxiao Zhang 2; Affiliations: 1: Center for Nuclear Waste and Regulatory Analyses, Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238; 2: EES-6, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 3 Issue 2, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Equations; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Probability theory; Subject Term: Mathematics; Subject Term: Statistics; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parker, J. C.
AU  - Park, E.
T1  - Modeling field-scale dense nonaqueous phase liquid dissolution kinetics in heterogeneous aquifers.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - This study investigates field-scale DNAPL dissolution kinetics using high-resolution numerical simulations of DNAPL releases and dissolved phase transport. A percolation model is employed to simulate the distribution of TCE within 10 × 10 × 10 m source zones with spatially heterogeneous aquifer properties following a release event. Distributed aquifer properties and DNAPL saturations are utilized to simulate coupled groundwater flow and long-term dissolved phase transport. Grid-scale dissolution rates are computed based on published bench-scale relationships. Effective field-scale mass transfer coefficients are computed from simulated TCE fluxes at the downstream source zone boundary. Heterogeneity in groundwater velocity and DNAPL distributions leads to field-scale mass transfer coefficients that are much lower than laboratory-scale values. Field-scale mass transfer coefficients are observed to vary in direct proportion to the mean groundwater velocity, in contrast to laboratory studies that indicate proportionality with velocity to a power of ∼0.7. Computed field-scale mass transfer coefficients vary approximately in proportion to relative DNAPL mass raised to an empirical depletion exponent, which is <1 for laterally extensive DNAPL lenses and >1 for more randomly oriented residual DNAPL regions. The former DNAPL geometries exhibit slow reductions in source concentration and contaminant flux with time as mass depletion proceeds. The latter DNAPL geometries exhibit significant and steady declines in source concentration and contaminant flux with time as depletion occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - dissolution
KW  - DNAPL
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - kinetics
KW  - mass transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 87144421; Parker, J. C. 1; Park, E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 5, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: dissolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNAPL; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: mass transfer; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002807
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pozdniakov, Sergey
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
T1  - A self-consistent approach for calculating the effective hydraulic conductivity of a binary, heterogeneous medium.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - In this paper, we consider an approach for estimating the effective hydraulic conductivity of a 3-D medium with a binary distribution of local hydraulic conductivities. The medium heterogeneity is represented by a combination of matrix medium conductivity with spatially distributed sets of inclusions. Estimation of effective conductivity is based on a self-consistent approach introduced by Shvidler [1985]. The tensor of effective hydraulic conductivity is calculated numerically by using a simple system of equations for the main diagonal elements. Verification of the method is done by comparison with theoretical results for special cases and numerical results of Desbarats [1987] and our own numerical modeling. The method was applied to estimating the effective hydraulic conductivity of a 2-D and 3-D fractured porous medium. The medium heterogeneity is represented by a combination of matrix conductivity and a spatially distributed set of highly conductive fractures. The tensor of effective hydraulic conductivity is calculated for parallel- and random-oriented sets of fractures. The obtained effective conductivity values coincide with Romm's [1966] and Snow's [1969] theories for infinite fracture length. These values are also physically acceptable for the sparsely fractured medium case with low fracture spatial density and finite fracture length. Verification of the effective hydraulic conductivity obtained for a fractured porous medium is done by comparison with our own numerical modeling for a 3-D case and with Malkovsky and Pek's [1995] results for a 2-D case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - effective hydraulic conductivity
KW  - fractured porous medium
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - self-consistent approach
N1  - Accession Number: 87144443; Pozdniakov, Sergey 1; Tsang, Chin-Fu 2; Affiliations: 1: Faculty of Geology, Moscow State University; 2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 5, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: effective hydraulic conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractured porous medium; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: self-consistent approach; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002617
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144443&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Olson, Keith R.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
T1  - Conditions necessary for capillary hysteresis in porous media: Tests of grain size and surface tension influences.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Hysteresis in the relation between water saturation and matric potential is generally regarded as a basic aspect of unsaturated porous media. However, the nature of an upper length scale limit for saturation hysteresis has not been previously addressed. Since hysteresis depends on whether or not capillary rise occurs at the grain scale, this criterion was used to predict required combinations of grain size, surface tension, fluid-fluid density differences, and acceleration in monodisperse systems. The Haines number ( Ha), composed of the aforementioned variables, is proposed as a dimensionless number useful for separating hysteretic ( Ha < 15) versus nonhysteretic ( Ha > 15) behavior. Vanishing of hysteresis was predicted to occur for grain sizes greater than 10.4 ± 0.5 mm, for water-air systems under the acceleration of ordinary gravity, based on Miller-Miller scaling and Haines' original model for hysteresis. Disappearance of hysteresis was tested through measurements of drainage and wetting curves of sands and gravels and occurs between grain sizes of 10 and 14 mm (standard conditions). The influence of surface tension was tested through measurements of moisture retention in 7 mm gravel, without and with a surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS)). The ordinary water system ( Ha = 7) exhibited hysteresis, while the SDBS system ( Ha = 18) did not. The experiments completed in this study indicate that hysteresis in moisture retention relations has an upper limit at Ha = 16 ± 2 and show that hysteresis is not a fundamental feature of unsaturated porous media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - capillarity
KW  - gravel
KW  - hysteresis
KW  - moisture characteristics
N1  - Accession Number: 87144413; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Olson, Keith R. 1; Wan, Jiamin 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 5, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: capillarity; Author-Supplied Keyword: gravel; Author-Supplied Keyword: hysteresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: moisture characteristics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002908
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144413&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, Ming
AU  - Neuman, Shlomo P.
AU  - Meyer, Philip D.
T1  - Maximum likelihood Bayesian averaging of spatial variability models in unsaturated fractured tuff.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Hydrologic analyses typically rely on a single conceptual-mathematical model. Yet hydrologic environments are open and complex, rendering them prone to multiple interpretations and mathematical descriptions. Adopting only one of these may lead to statistical bias and underestimation of uncertainty. Bayesian model averaging (BMA) [ Hoeting et al., 1999] provides an optimal way to combine the predictions of several competing models and to assess their joint predictive uncertainty. However, it tends to be computationally demanding and relies heavily on prior information about model parameters. Neuman [2002, 2003] proposed a maximum likelihood version (MLBMA) of BMA to render it computationally feasible and to allow dealing with cases where reliable prior information is lacking. We apply MLBMA to seven alternative variogram models of log air permeability data from single-hole pneumatic injection tests in six boreholes at the Apache Leap Research Site (ALRS) in central Arizona. Unbiased ML estimates of variogram and drift parameters are obtained using adjoint state maximum likelihood cross validation [ Samper and Neuman, 1989a] in conjunction with universal kriging and generalized least squares. Standard information criteria provide an ambiguous ranking of the models, which does not justify selecting one of them and discarding all others as is commonly done in practice. Instead, we eliminate some of the models based on their negligibly small posterior probabilities and use the rest to project the measured log permeabilities by kriging onto a rock volume containing the six boreholes. We then average these four projections and associated kriging variances, using the posterior probability of each model as weight. Finally, we cross validate the results by eliminating from consideration all data from one borehole at a time, repeating the above process and comparing the predictive capability of MLBMA with that of each individual model. We find that MLBMA is superior to any individual geostatistical model of log permeability among those we consider at the ALRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - conceptual model uncertainty
KW  - cross validation
KW  - drift
KW  - predictive performance
KW  - predictive uncertainty
KW  - stochastic continuum
N1  - Accession Number: 87144436; Ye, Ming 1; Neuman, Shlomo P. 2; Meyer, Philip D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 2: Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 5, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: conceptual model uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: cross validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: drift; Author-Supplied Keyword: predictive performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: predictive uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic continuum; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002557
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144436&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, Ming
AU  - Neuman, Shlomo P.
AU  - Guadagnini, Alberto
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
T1  - Nonlocal and localized analyses of conditional mean transient flow in bounded, randomly heterogeneous porous media.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/05//
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - We consider the numerical prediction of transient flow in bounded, randomly heterogeneous porous media driven by random sources, initial heads, and boundary conditions without resorting to Monte Carlo simulation. After applying the Laplace transform to the governing stochastic flow equations, we derive exact nonlocal (integro-differential) equations for the mean and variance-covariance of transformed head and flux, conditioned on measured values of log conductivity Y = ln K. Approximating these conditional moment equations recursively to second order in the standard deviation σ Y of Y, we solve them by finite elements for superimposed mean-uniform and convergent flows in a two-dimensional domain. An alternative conditional mean solution is obtained through localization of the exact moment expressions. The nonlocal and localized solutions are obtained using a highly efficient parallel algorithm and inverted numerically back into the time domain. A comparison with Monte Carlo simulations demonstrates that the moment solutions are remarkably accurate for strongly heterogeneous media with σ Y2 as large as 4. The nonlocal solution is only slightly more accurate than the much simpler localized solution, but the latter does not yield information about predictive uncertainty. The accuracy of each solution improves markedly with conditioning. A preliminary comparison of computational efficiency suggests that both the nonlocal and localized solutions for mean head and its variance require significantly less computer time than is required for Monte Carlo statistics to stabilize when the same direct matrix solver is used for all three (we do not presently know how using iterative solvers would have affected this conclusion). This is true whether the Laplace inversion and Monte Carlo simulations are conducted sequentially or in parallel on multiple processors and regardless of problem size. The underlying exact and recursive moment equations, as well as the proposed computational algorithm, are valid in both two and three dimensions; only the numerical implementation of our algorithm is two-dimensional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - localization
KW  - parallel computing
KW  - spatial variability
KW  - transient flow
KW  - uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 87144445; Ye, Ming 1,2; Neuman, Shlomo P. 1; Guadagnini, Alberto 3; Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona; 2: Now at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.; 3: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica Ambientale e del Rilevamento, Politecnico di Milano; 4: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 5, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: localization; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial variability; Author-Supplied Keyword: transient flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002099
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elvira, V. Daniel
T1  - CMS: Hadronic calorimetry, jets, and ... performance.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/05/02/May2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - s99
EP  - s108
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The CMS experiment [1] uses a general purpose detector designed for detecting the diverse signatures associated with Higgs production and new physics beyond the Standard Model. These processes are typically associated with final states containing a large missing transverse energy and several high energy jets. Here, we present a description and status report of the construction and testing of the CMS hadronic calorimeter system, as well as its ability to measure jets and &Eslash;T . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - TEMPERATURE measuring instruments
KW  - HADRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15415198; Elvira, V. Daniel 1; Email Address: daniel@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60555, USA.; Source Info: May2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 34, ps99; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measuring instruments; Subject Term: HADRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-04-011-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415198&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takai, H.
T1  - Heavy ion physics with the ATLAS detector.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/05/02/May2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - s307
EP  - s315
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Recent results from RHIC experiments suggest that a hot and dense QCD matter, which maybe the quark gluon plasma (QGP), is formed in Gold+Gold collisions at a center mass energy of 200 GeV per colliding nucleon pair. The LHC is planning to accelerate heavy nuclei such as Lead at energies of 2.75 TeV/nucleon. At these energies it will be possible to produce a even higher temperature QCD matter. In addition, hard scattering cross sections will increase significantly and they could be used as probes of the QCD matter. RHIC experiments suggest that hard scattered quarks inside the QGP radiate gluons and therefore modify the jet properties such as energy angular distribution. The ATLAS detector with its large acceptance is ideally suited to detect and study jets from nucleus-nucleus collisions. Initial simulation studies show most of the ATLAS detector will perform well in a high multiplicity environment, including inner detector tracking. Jet reconstruction is possible with an energy resolution close to the high luminosity proton-proton run. In this paper we present a summary of our initial round of simulations studies of the ATLAS detector in the heavy ion environment. PACS: 25.70.Ef – 21.60.Gx – 27.30.+t [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 15415187; Takai, H. 1; Email Address: takai@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973,; Source Info: May2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 34, ps307; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-04-029-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415187&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bishai, M.
T1  - Beauty and charm physics at CDF Run II.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/05/02/May2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - s347
EP  - s357
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - Using the data samples collected with the CDF Run II detector during the year 2002 and early 2003, new measurements of the production cross-sections and the masses, lifetimes and branching fractions of beauty and charm hadrons are presented. New measurements of the Λb mass, lifetime, and branching fractions have greatly improved the current knowledge of bottom baryon properties and decay dynamics. The large charm signals made available by the silicon vertex track trigger have enabled the establishment of key measurements using rare charm decays that are sensitive to new physics beyond the Standard Model. The decay signals Bs → Dsπ and the two body charmless decays of B0 and Bs have been established. These decay channels are important milestones towards the measurement of Bs mixing and direct CP violation in the B system. PACS: 13.85.Ni – 13.85.Lg – 13.25.Hw – 12.38.Qk – 13.30.Eg – 12.15.Ff – 12.15.Mm [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15415163; Bishai, M. 1; Email Address: bishai@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab National Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-0500, USA.; Source Info: May2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 34, ps347; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-04-034-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415163&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Green, Dan
T1  - LHC detector upgrade.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/05/02/May2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - s443
EP  - s450
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - There has already been a study in some depth about the physics reach and the needed upgrades to the LHC experiments, ATLAS and CMS, in the recent past [1]. Subsequently, there were presentations at the CERN ICFA meeting on the accelerator upgrades [2], the detector upgrades [3] and the consequent physics reach [4]. In this note only a brief overview of the detector needs is attempted. If there is a tenfold increase in luminosity (the Super LHC or SLHC). First an example of the increased physics reach using sequential Z bosons is given. The rapidity distribution of heavy states is also illustrated. Then a simple parameterization of the inclusive inelastic, or “minbias”, events is presented. This model is subsequently used to explore the impact of a tenfold increase in pileup on jet finding and reconstruction at the SLHC. It is also used to estimate the occupancy of tracker elements and the ionization radiation dose sustained by the tracker. Those estimates inform on the shape of possible tracker upgrades for the SLHC and the associated front-end electronics, which must also be upgraded. The calorimetry of ATLAS and CMS must also be strengthened in order to work at the SLHC. The ATLAS liquid argon and the CMS crystal and scintillator calorimetry are briefly considered. A reduction in forward angular coverage to compensate for the increased radiation field is mentioned. For the muon system a similar reduction in angular coverage would maintain the remainder of the system in a state essentially the same as that for LHC operations. Finally, triggering and data acquisition issues are cursorily discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 15415193; Green, Dan 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab - CMS Dept. LHC Symposium.; Source Info: May2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 34, ps443; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-04-049-y
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415193&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Appel, J. A.
T1  - LHC Symposium 2003: Summary talk.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/05/02/May2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - s451
EP  - s453
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - This summary talk reviews the LHC 2003 Symposium, focusing on expectations as we prepare to leap over the current energy frontier into new territory. We may learn from what happened in the two most recent examples of leaping into new energy territory. Quite different scenarios appeared in those two cases. In addition, we review the status of the machine and experiments as reported at the Symposium. Finally, I suggest an attitude which may be most appropriate as we look forward to the opportunities anticipated for the first data from the LHC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - CENTER of mass
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 15415194; Appel, J. A. 1; Email Address: appel@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA.; Source Info: May2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 34, ps451; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: CENTER of mass; Subject Term: MASS (Physics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjcd/s2004-03-050-6
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15415194&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Jih-Perng
AU  - Reciniello, Richard N.
AU  - Holden, Norman E.
T1  - Optimization of the Epithermal Neutron Beam for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/02/May2004 Supplement
VL  - 86
M3  - Article
SP  - S103
EP  - S109
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The use of epithermal neutron beam in clinical trials of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for patients with malignant brain tumors had been carried out for half a decade at the Brookhaven’s Medical Reactor. The decision to permanently close this reactor in 2000 cut short the efforts to implement a new conceptual design to optimize this beam in preparation for use with possible new BNCT protocols. Details of the conceptual design to produce a highly intensified and focused neutron beam with less gamma and neutron contamination in tissues are presented here for their potential applicability to other reactor facilities. Neutron-photon coupled Monte Carlo calculations were used to predict the flux, current, heating, and absorbed dose produced by the proposed design. The results were benchmarked by the dose rate and flux measurements taken at the facility then in use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - neutrons
KW  - operational topic
KW  - radiation, medical
N1  - Accession Number: 112165092; Hu, Jih-Perng 1; Reciniello, Richard N. 1; Holden, Norman E. 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗ Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000.; Issue Info: May2004 Supplement, Vol. 86, pS103; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: operational topic; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation, medical; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holden, Norman E.
AU  - Reciniello, Richard N.
AU  - Hu, Jih-Perng
T1  - Radiation Dosimetry of a Graphite Moderated Radium-Beryllium Source.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/02/May2004 Supplement
VL  - 86
M3  - Article
SP  - S110
EP  - S112
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The Brookhaven National Laboratory Sigma Pile is a radium-beryllium neutron source imbedded in a cube of graphite blocks. The pile is approximately 2.13 m on four sides and is 3.07 m high. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were used to determine the neutron and gamma-ray dose rates in the pile. Gamma-ray dose rate measurements have also been made in the air outside of the pile, while the radium-beryllium neutron source was being withdrawn from the pile. The Monte Carlo code has been used to calculate the coupled neutron-photon transport. Measured dose rates at various locations agreed with the calculated values within 5% to 15%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - dosimetry
KW  - neutron dosimetry
KW  - operational topic
KW  - radium
N1  - Accession Number: 112165093; Holden, Norman E. 1; Reciniello, Richard N. 1; Hu, Jih-Perng 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗Brookhaven National Laboratory. Upton, NY 11973-5000.; Issue Info: May2004 Supplement, Vol. 86, pS110; Author-Supplied Keyword: dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: operational topic; Author-Supplied Keyword: radium; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKeown, Catherine K.
AU  - Davison, Brian H.
T1  - A Simplified Method To Create Quantitative, “Fixed” Uranyl-Contaminated Metal Coupons.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/02/May2004 Supplement
VL  - 86
M3  - Article
SP  - S113
EP  - S115
SN  - 00179078
AB  - A method was developed and validated to quantitatively apply and “fix” uranyl contamination onto a metal surface (steel). Simple approaches are needed to create test surfaces in order to quantify contaminant removal or “decon” methods. We used steel discs sized to allow direct and accurate alpha counting in a Ludlum scanner from radioactive contaminants. A typical 3.8-cm-diameter coupon had a depleted uranyl loading of about 0.1 mg U cm-2 with a count of 980 dpm. The resulting alpha radiation was measured with a precision of >97% for the same coupon. The alpha concentration on replicate coupons differed by as much as 9% (standard deviation). This method, based on earlier methods, required a uranyl solution to be dried but lowers the baking temperature to less than 100°C to increase safety in a typical radiological laboratory. A dike was used to provide a uniform coating of the uranyl solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - contamination
KW  - decontamination
KW  - operational topic
KW  - uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 112165094; McKeown, Catherine K. 1; Davison, Brian H. 1; Affiliations: 1: ∗Bioprocessing R&D Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226 (managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725).; Issue Info: May2004 Supplement, Vol. 86, pS113; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: decontamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: operational topic; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shi, Zhan
AU  - Wynblatt, Paul
AU  - Srinivasan, S.G.
T1  - Melting behavior of nanosized lead particles embedded in an aluminum matrix
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2305
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, employing semi-empirical glue-type (similar to embedded atom method) many-body potentials, have been used to model the melting behavior of nanosized Pb particles embedded in an Al matrix. All the Pb particles studied melt well above the bulk melting temperature, with the melting point elevation displaying a damped periodic trend with increasing Pb particle size. By inspecting snapshots derived from the simulations, it is also possible to conclude that melting occurs via nucleation at {1 0 0} interfaces. A phenomenological model, based on the consideration of interfacial energy, volume expansion and lattice mismatch, has been developed to describe this interesting melting behavior. Our model leads to the conclusion that the periodic variation of melting point with size is due to an oscillatory strain energy contribution arising from the large size mismatch of Pb and Al atoms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MELTING points
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Al–Pb alloy
KW  - MD simulation
KW  - Melting point elevation
KW  - Nanocrystalline microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 12836528; Shi, Zhan 1 Wynblatt, Paul 1; Email Address: pw01@andrew.cmu.edu Srinivasan, S.G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 52 Issue 8, p2305; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MELTING points; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al–Pb alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: MD simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melting point elevation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline microstructure; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.01.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Hirth, J.P.
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Embury, J.D.
AU  - Kung, H.
T1  - Dislocation mechanisms and symmetric slip in rolled nano-scale metallic multilayers
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2387
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Self-supported Cu–Nb multilayered foils, synthesized by sputter deposition, show significantly different deformation behavior during rolling when the as-deposited individual layer thickness is in the few tens of nanometers range as compared to the micrometer-scale. While the rolled micrometer-scale multilayers exhibit dislocation cell structure formation and large lattice rotations of the interface plane normal, the nano-scale multilayers reveal no dislocation cell structures and insignificant rotations of the interface normal. The observed behavior following large plastic strains is interpreted in terms of dislocation mechanisms of deformation in nano-scale laminates that result in symmetric slip. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - Dislocation substructures
KW  - Metallic multilayers
KW  - Rolling
KW  - Sputter deposition
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 12836536; Misra, A.; Email Address: amisra@lanl.gov Hirth, J.P. 1 Hoagland, R.G. 1 Embury, J.D. 1 Kung, H.; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 52 Issue 8, p2387; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation substructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic multilayers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rolling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputter deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.01.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andre, C.L.
AU  - Boeckl, J.J.
AU  - Wilt, D.M.
AU  - Pitera, A.J.
AU  - Lee, M.L.
AU  - Fitzgerald, E.A.
AU  - Keyes, B.M.
AU  - Ringel, S.A.
T1  - Impact of dislocations on minority carrier electron and hole lifetimes in GaAs grown on metamorphic SiGe substrates.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3447
EP  - 3449
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The minority carrier lifetime of electrons (τn) in p-type GaAs double heterostructures grown on GaAs substrates and compositionally graded Ge/Si1-xGex/Si (SiGe) substrates with varying threading dislocation densities (TDDs) were measured at room temperature using time-resolved photoluminescence. The electron lifetimes for homoepitaxial GaAs and GaAs grown on SiGe (TDD∼1×106 cm-2) with a dopant concentration of 2×1017 cm-3 were ∼21 and ∼1.5 ns, respectively. The electron lifetime measured on SiGe was substantially lower than the previously measured minority carrier hole lifetime (τp) of ∼10 ns, for n-type GaAs grown on SiGe substrates with a similar residual TDD and dopant concentration. The reduced lifetime for electrons is a consequence of their higher mobility, which yields an increased sensitivity to the presence of dislocations in GaAs grown on metamorphic buffers. The disparity in dislocation sensitivity for electron and hole recombination has significant implications for metamorphic III-V devices. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - GALLIUM arsenide
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - EPITAXY
N1  - Accession Number: 12930072; Andre, C.L. 1 Boeckl, J.J. 1 Wilt, D.M. 2 Pitera, A.J. 3 Lee, M.L. 3 Fitzgerald, E.A. 3 Keyes, B.M. 4 Ringel, S.A. 1; Email Address: ringel@ece.eng.osu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio  2: Photovoltaic and Space Environment Branch, NASA Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field, Cleveland, Ohio  3: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3447; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: GALLIUM arsenide; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1736318
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12930072&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahluwalia, Rajeev
AU  - Lookman, Turab
AU  - Saxena, Avadh
AU  - Cao, Wenwu
T1  - Piezoelectric response of engineered domains in ferroelectrics.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3450
EP  - 3452
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We study the formation of engineered ferroelectric domains in two dimensions based on a continuum approach that incorporates the long-range elastic and electrostatic interactions. The model is also used to simulate the piezoelectric properties of the engineered domain configurations and the response is compared with that of an analogous single domain state. The results show that the low field piezoelectric constants for the engineered configuration are very close to those obtained for the corresponding single domain state and the domain wall influence is not significant. For high fields, domain walls act as nucleation sites for an electric field induced structural transition. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRICITY
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 12930071; Ahluwalia, Rajeev 1; Email Address: rajeev@viking.lanl.gov Lookman, Turab 1 Saxena, Avadh 1 Cao, Wenwu 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Materials Research Institute and Department of Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3450; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737059
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12930071&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, C.-S.
AU  - Noufi, R.
AU  - AbuShama, J.A.
AU  - Ramanathan, K.
AU  - Mountinho, H.R.
AU  - Pankow, J.
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.M.
T1  - Local built-in potential on grain boundary of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3477
EP  - 3479
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on a direct measurement of two-dimensional potential distribution on the surface of photovoltaic Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films using a nanoscale electrical characterization of scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. The potential measurement reveals a higher surface potential or a smaller work function on grain boundaries of the film than on the grain surfaces. This demonstrates the existence of a local built-in potential on grain boundaries, and the grain boundary is positively charged. The local built-in potential on the grain boundary is expected to increase the minority-carrier collection area from one to three dimensional. In addition, a work function decrease induced by Na on the film surface was observed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12930062; Jiang, C.-S. 1; Email Address: chun_sheng_jiang@nrel.gov Noufi, R. 1 AbuShama, J.A. 1 Ramanathan, K. 1 Mountinho, H.R. 1 Pankow, J. 1 Al-Jassim, M.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Colorado; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3477; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737796
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12930062&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiang Li
AU  - Suenaga, M.
AU  - Ye, Z.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Wang, H.
T1  - Crossover of thickness dependence of critical current density Jc(T,H) in YBa2Cu3O7-δ thick films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3528
EP  - 3530
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Critical current density Jc as a function of temperature T and magnetic field H was studied for high quality YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) films with thickness d=0.2, 1, and 3 μm by means of magnetization measurements of a circular disk in perpendicular field. We found that the thickness dependence of Jc(H) for the YBCO thick films crossovers at high fields for T>50 K, where the 0.2-μm-thick film carries significantly lower Jc(H) than the 3-μm-thick film at high fields, even though the zero- or low-field Jc for the 0.2-μm-thick film is more than twice the value for the 3-μm-thick film. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - THICK films
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 12930044; Qiang Li 1; Email Address: qiangli@bnl.gov Suenaga, M. 1 Ye, Z. 1 Foltyn, S.R. 2 Wang, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3528; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Y.J.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Droubay, T.
AU  - Lea, A.S.
AU  - Wang, C.M.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Chambers, S.A.
AU  - Sears, R.P.
AU  - Taylor, B.
AU  - Sinkovic, B.
T1  - Growth and properties of molecular beam epitaxially grown ferromagnetic Fe-doped TiO2 rutile films on TiO2(110).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3531
EP  - 3533
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have grown epitaxial Fe-doped TiO2 rutile films on rutile TiO2(110) substrates, and have explored the resulting compositional, structural, morphological and magnetic properties. Clusters of mixed TiO2 rutile and Fe3O4 form on the surface of a continuous rutile epitaxial film during growth. Room-temperature ferromagnetism is observed, and is associated with the formation of secondary phase Fe3O4 rather than a true diluted magnetic oxide semiconductor. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - DOPED semiconductors
KW  - RUTILE
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - TITANIUM ores
N1  - Accession Number: 12930043; Kim, Y.J. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 2; Email Address: theva@pnl.gov Droubay, T. 2 Lea, A.S. 2 Wang, C.M. 2 Shutthanandan, V. 2 Chambers, S.A. 2 Sears, R.P. 3 Taylor, B. 3 Sinkovic, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Technology, Hanbat National University, Taejon, Korea  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  3: Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Connecticut; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3531; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: DOPED semiconductors; Subject Term: RUTILE; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: TITANIUM ores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1703845
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12930043&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Funsten, H.O.
AU  - Ritzau, S.M.
AU  - Harper, R.W.
AU  - Korde, R.
T1  - Fundamental limits to detection of low-energy ions using silicon solid-state detectors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3552
EP  - 3554
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Recent advances in solid-state detector (SSD) technology have demonstrated the detection of ions and electrons down to 1 keV. However, ions at keV energies lose a substantial amount of energy ΔN in a SSD through Coulombic interactions with target nuclei rather than through interactions that contribute to the SSD output pulse, whose magnitude is a measure of the ion’s incident energy. Because ΔN depends on the ion species, detector material, and interaction physics, it represents a fundamental limitation of the output pulse magnitude of the detector. Using 100% quantum collection efficiency silicon photodiodes with a thin (40–60 Å) SiO2 passivation layer, we accurately quantify ΔN for incident 1–120 keV ions and, therefore, evaluate the detection limits of keV ions using silicon detectors. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTODIODES
N1  - Accession Number: 12930036; Funsten, H.O. 1; Email Address: hfunsten@lanl.gov Ritzau, S.M. 2 Harper, R.W. 1 Korde, R.; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: ON Semiconductor, East Greenwich, RI; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3552; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1719272
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Srinivasan, S.G.
AU  - Zhao, Y.H.
AU  - BAskes, M.I.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Zhou, F.
AU  - Lavernia, E.J.
AU  - Xu, H.F.
T1  - Formation mechanism of wide stacking faults in nanocrystalline Al.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3564
EP  - 3566
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A full dislocation often dissociates into two partial dislocations enclosing a stacking fault (SF) ribbon. The SF width significantly affects the mechanical behavior of metals. Al has very high stacking fault energy and, consequently, very narrow SF width in its coarse-grained state. We have found that some SFs in nanocrystalline Al are surprisingly 1.4–6.8 nm wide, which is 1.5–11 times higher than the reported experimental value in single crystal Al. Our analytical model shows that such wide SFs are formed due to the small grain size and possibly also to the interaction of SF ribbons with high density of dislocations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - METALS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12930032; Liao, X.Z. 1 Srinivasan, S.G. 1 Zhao, Y.H. 1 BAskes, M.I. 1 Zhu, Y.T. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Zhou, F. 2 Lavernia, E.J. 2 Xu, H.F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, California  3: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3564; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1734689
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12930032&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Jingbo
AU  - Wang, Lin-Wang
T1  - First principle study of core/shell structure quantum dots.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3648
EP  - 3650
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The electronic states of core/shell CdSe/CdS and CdSe/CdTe heterostructure quantum dots are studied by large-scale first-principles calculations. According to their natural band-offset alignments CdSe/CdS is a type-I heterostructure and CdSe/CdTe is a type-II heterostructure. We found that, the electron state changes very little, but the hole wave function in CdSe/CdS quantum dots has been localized within the core, while the hole wave function in CdSe/CdTe quantum dots is localized within the shell. The hole state in CdSe/CdTe quantum dots has drastically different characteristics as in CdSe and CdSe/CdS quantum dots. The band alignment, strain effect, and quantum confinement are all important to determine the electronic structures of these systems. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - WAVE functions
N1  - Accession Number: 12930004; Li, Jingbo 1 Wang, Lin-Wang 1; Email Address: lwwang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3648; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: WAVE functions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737470
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dorf, L.
AU  - Raitses, Y.
AU  - Fisch, N.J.
AU  - Semenov, V.
T1  - Erratum: “Effect of anode dielectric coating on Hall thruster operation” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1070 (2004)].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 84
IS  - 18
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 3702
EP  - 3702
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Presents a correction to the article 'Effect of Anode Dielectric Coating on Hall Thruster Operation," by L. Dorf, Y. Raitses, N.J. Fisch and V. Semenov, published in the March 2004 issue of the periodical "Applied Physics Letters".
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12929986; Dorf, L. 1 Raitses, Y. 1 Fisch, N.J. 1 Semenov, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ  2: Institute of Applied Physics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 18, p3702; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1734680
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12929986&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howell, Sarah L.
AU  - Matthewson, Benjamin J.
AU  - Poison, Matthew I. J.
AU  - Burrell, Anthony K.
AU  - Gordon, Keith C.
T1  - Structural Changes upon Reduction of Dipyrido[2,3-a:3′,2′-c]phenazine Probed by Vibrational Spectroscopy, ab Initio Calculations, and Deuteration Studies.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 43
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2876
EP  - 2887
SN  - 00201669
AB  - A series of bridging ligands, dipyrido[2,3-a:3′,2′-c]phenazine (ppb), dipyrido[2,3-a:3′,2′-c]-6,7-dichlorophenazine (ppbCl2), and dipyrido[2,3-a:3′,2′-c]-6,7-dimethylphenazine (ppbMe2), and their binuclear copper(I) complexes have been synthesized, and their spectral properties were measured. The single-crystal structure of the complex, [(PPh3)2Cu(μ-ppbCl2)Cu(PPh3)2](BF4)2 in the monoclinic space group P21/c, 18.2590(1), 21.1833(3), 23.2960(3) Å with Z = 4 is reported. The copper(I) complexes are deeply colored through MLCT transitions in the visible region. The vibrational spectra of the ligands have been modeled using ab initio hybrid density functional theory (DFT) methods (B3LYP/6-31G(d)) and compared to experimental FT-Raman and IR data. The DFT calculations are used to interpret the resonance Raman spectra, and thus the electronic spectra, of the complexes. The preferential enhancement of modes associated with the phenanthroline section of the ligands with blue excitation (γexc = 457.9 nm) over phenazine-based modes with redder excitation (γexc = 514.5 and 632.8 nm) suggests the 2 MLCT transitions terminated on different unoccupied MOs are present under the visible absorption envelope. The radical anion species of the ligands are prepared by the electrochemical reduction of the binuclear copper(I) complexes; no evidence of dechelation prevalent in other copper(I) complexes is observed. The resonance Raman spectra of the reduced complexes are dramatically different from those of the parent species. Across the series common bands are observed at about 1590 and 1570 cm-1 which do not shift with reduction but are altered in intensity. The normal-mode analysis of the radical anion species suggests that these normal modes primarily involve bond length distortions that are unaffected by... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - COPPER
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC reduction
KW  - INORGANIC compounds
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13139411; Howell, Sarah L. 1,2 Matthewson, Benjamin J. 1,2 Poison, Matthew I. J. 1,2 Burrell, Anthony K. 1,2 Gordon, Keith C. 1,2; Email Address: kgordon@alkali.otago.ac.nz; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Union Place, Dunedin, New Zealand  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 5/3/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 9, p2876; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC reduction; Subject Term: INORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khaleel, M.A.
AU  - Lin, Z.
AU  - Singh, P.
AU  - Surdoval, W.
AU  - Collin, D.
T1  - A finite element analysis modeling tool for solid oxide fuel cell development: coupled electrochemistry, thermal and flow analysis in MARC®
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 130
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A 3D simulation tool for modeling solid oxide fuel cells is described. The tool combines the versatility and efficiency of a commercial finite element analysis code, MARC®, with an in-house developed robust and flexible electrochemical (EC) module. Based upon characteristic parameters obtained experimentally and assigned by the user, the EC module calculates the current density distribution, heat generation, and fuel and oxidant species concentration, taking the temperature profile provided by MARC® and operating conditions such as the fuel and oxidant flow rate and the total stack output voltage or current as the input. MARC® performs flow and thermal analyses based on the initial and boundary thermal and flow conditions and the heat generation calculated by the EC module. The main coupling between MARC® and EC is for MARC® to supply the temperature field to EC and for EC to give the heat generation profile to MARC®. The loosely coupled, iterative scheme is advantageous in terms of memory requirement, numerical stability and computational efficiency. The coupling is iterated to self-consistency for a steady-state solution. Sample results for steady states as well as the startup process for stacks with different flow designs are presented to illustrate the modeling capability and numerical performance characteristic of the simulation tool. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Computer modeling
KW  - Electrochemical reaction
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Flow model
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cell
KW  - Thermal analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12741155; Khaleel, M.A. 1; Email Address: moe.khaleel@pnl.gov Lin, Z. 1 Singh, P. 1 Surdoval, W. 2 Collin, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Engineering Mechanics Group Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K2-18, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 130 Issue 1/2, p136; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal analysis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.11.074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahluwalia, Rajesh K.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Rousseau, A.
AU  - Kumar, R.
T1  - Fuel economy of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 130
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 192
SN  - 03787753
AB  - On the basis of on-road energy consumption, fuel economy (FE) of hydrogen fuel cell light-duty vehicles is projected to be 2.5–2.7 times the fuel economy of the conventional gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) on the same platforms. Even with a less efficient but higher power density 0.6 V per cell than the base case 0.7 V per cell at the rated power point, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are projected to offer essentially the same fuel economy multiplier. The key to obtaining high fuel economy as measured on standardized urban and highway drive schedules lies in maintaining high efficiency of the fuel cell (FC) system at low loads. To achieve this, besides a high performance fuel cell stack, low parasitic losses in the air management system (i.e., turndown and part load efficiencies of the compressor–expander module) are critical. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - Fuel economy
KW  - Hydrogen fuel cell
KW  - Light-duty vehicles
N1  - Accession Number: 12741161; Ahluwalia, Rajesh K.; Email Address: walia@anl.gov Wang, X. 1 Rousseau, A. 1 Kumar, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 130 Issue 1/2, p192; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel economy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light-duty vehicles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.12.061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12741161&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shim, Joongpyo
AU  - Striebel, Kathryn A.
T1  - The dependence of natural graphite anode performance on electrode density
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/05/03/
VL  - 130
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The effect of electrode density for lithium intercalation and irreversible capacity loss on the natural graphite anode in lithium ion batteries was studied by electrochemical methods. Both the first-cycle reversible and irreversible capacities of the natural graphite anode decreased with an increase in the anode density though compression. The reduction in reversible capacity was attributed to a reduction in the chemical diffusion coefficient for lithium through partially agglomerated particles with a larger stress. For the natural graphite in this study the potentials for Li (de)insertion shifted between the first and second formation cycles and the extent of this shift was dependent on electrode density. The relation between this peak shift and the irreversible capacity loss is probably due to the decrease in graphite surface area with compression. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - Electrode density
KW  - Intercalation
KW  - Irreversible capacity loss
KW  - Lithium ion battery
KW  - Natural graphite
N1  - Accession Number: 12741169; Shim, Joongpyo 1 Striebel, Kathryn A.; Email Address: kastriebel@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 130 Issue 1/2, p247; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrode density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intercalation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irreversible capacity loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural graphite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.12.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12741169&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Facciotti, Marc T.
AU  - Cheung, Vincent S.
AU  - Lunde, Christopher S.
AU  - Rouhani, Shahab
AU  - Baliga, Nitin S.
AU  - Glaeser, Robert M.
T1  - Specificity of Anion Binding in the Substrate Pocket of Bacteriorhodopsin.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/04/
VL  - 43
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4934
EP  - 4943
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The structure of the D85S mutant of bacteriorhodopsin with a nitrate anion bound in the Schiff base binding site and the structure of the anion-free protein have been obtained in the same crystal form. Together with the previously solved structures of this anion pump, in both the anion-free state and bromide- bound state, these new structures provide insight into how this mutant of bacteriorhodopsin is able to bind a variety of different anions in the same binding pocket. The structural analysis reveals that the main structural change that accommodates different anions is the repositioning of the polar side chain of S85. On the basis of these X-ray crystal structures, the prediction is then made that the D85S/D212N double mutant might bind similar anions and do so over a broader pH range than does the single mutant. Experimental comparison of the dissociation constants, Kd, for a variety of anions confirms this prediction and demonstrates, in addition, that the binding affinity is dramatically improved by the D212N substitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIORHODOPSIN
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - SCHIFF bases
KW  - PH effect
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 13159700; Facciotti, Marc T. 1,2,3 Cheung, Vincent S. 2 Lunde, Christopher S. 1 Rouhani, Shahab 1 Baliga, Nitin S. 3 Glaeser, Robert M. 1,2; Email Address: rmglaeser@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: The Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington 98103.; Source Info: 5/4/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 17, p4934; Subject Term: BACTERIORHODOPSIN; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: SCHIFF bases; Subject Term: PH effect; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, Sangmin
AU  - Granick, Steve
T1  - Rigid DNA chains near nanoparticles
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp.
Y1  - 2004/05/04/
VL  - 238
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 112
SN  - 09277757
AB  - Two-photon excitation time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy and lifetime measurements were used to study the conformation of DNA near oppositely charged nanoparticles. Negatively-charged rhodamine-labeled DNA was allowed to adsorb onto positively-charged nanoparticles in deionized water and surface-induced fluorescence quenching was observed by measuring the fluorescence lifetime. Fluorescence quenching decreased with the addition of NaCl to the DNA-nanoparticle complex, which implies that the separation of DNA from the nanoparticles increased. However, comparison of fluorescence lifetime decays between free labeled-DNA and the DNA-nanoparticle complex shows that the adsorbed DNA remained less flexible than free labeled-DNA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces A: Phys. Eng. Asp. is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - Fluorescence lifetime
KW  - Nanoparticle
N1  - Accession Number: 13113596; Jeon, Sangmin 1; Email Address: jeons1@ornl.gov Granick, Steve 2; Affiliation:  1: Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak, TN 37831, USA  2: Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 238 Issue 1-3, p109; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence lifetime; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticle; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.02.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Segelke, Brent
AU  - Knapp, Mark
AU  - Kadkhodayan, Saloumeh
AU  - Balhorn, Rod
AU  - Rupp, Bernhard
T1  - Crystal structure of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin protease in a product-bound state: Evidence for noncanonical zinc protease activity.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/05/04/
VL  - 101
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 6888
EP  - 6893
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the most potent toxins known, disrupt neurotransmission through proteolysis of proteins involved in neuroexocytosis The light chains of BoNTs are unique zinc proteases that have stringent substrate specificity and require exceptionally long substrates. We have determined the crystal structure of the protease domain from BoNT serotype A (BoNT/A). The structure reveals a homodimer in a product-bound state, with loop F242-V257 from each monomer deeply buried in its partner's catalytic site. The loop, which acts as a substrate, is oriented in reverse of the canonical direction for other zinc proteases. The Y249-Y250 peptide bond of the substrate loop is hydrolyzed, leaving the Y249 product carboxylate coordinated to the catalytic zinc. From the crystal structure of the BoNT/A protease, detailed models of noncanonical binding and proteolysis can be derived which we propose are also consistent with BoNT/A binding and proteolysis of natural substrate synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25). The proposed BoNT/A substrate-binding mode and catalytic mechanism are markedly different from those previously proposed for the BoNT serotype B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum
KW  - BOTULINUM toxin
KW  - NEURAL transmission
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - PROTEOLYTIC enzymes
KW  - ZINC proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 13341293; Segelke, Brent 1 Knapp, Mark 2 Kadkhodayan, Saloumeh 3 Balhorn, Rod 1 Rupp, Bernhard 1; Email Address: br@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551.  2: Chiron Corporation, 4560 Horton Street Emeryville, CA 94608.  3: Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080.; Source Info: 5/4/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 18, p6888; Subject Term: CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum; Subject Term: BOTULINUM toxin; Subject Term: NEURAL transmission; Subject Term: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject Term: PROTEOLYTIC enzymes; Subject Term: ZINC proteins; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0400584101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loscertales, Ignacio G.
AU  - Barrero, Antonio
AU  - Márquez, Manuel
AU  - Spretz, Rubén
AU  - Velarde-ortiz, Raffet
AU  - Larsen, Gustavo
T1  - Electrically Forced Coaxial Nanojets for One-Step Hollow Nanofiber Design.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/05/
VL  - 126
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5376
EP  - 5377
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents a study on the use of electrically forced coaxial nanojets for one-step hollow nanofiber design. Materials with tubular shapes and characteristic lengths below one micrometer have been developed for novel field emitter displays and magnetic media, biocatalyst and bio-separation, controlled-release, and adsorbent materials among many others. These tubular inorganic and organic-inorganic structures, which differ from the popular carbon nanotubes, are still made via multistep approaches. Electrohydrodynamic forces provide a method to produce submicrometric liquid jets from a nozzle much larger in diameter than the jet itself. A liquid meniscus exiting the tip of a capillary, when subject to an appropriate electric field, deforms into a conical shape, from whose tip a slender micro- or nanojet is issued.
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - MENISCUS (Liquids)
KW  - ENZYMES
N1  - Accession Number: 13229483; Loscertales, Ignacio G. 1,2; Email Address: Ioscertales@uma.es Barrero, Antonio 1,3 Márquez, Manuel 4 Spretz, Rubén 5 Velarde-ortiz, Raffet 5 Larsen, Gustavo 5; Email Address: glarsen@unlserve.unl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Yflow S.L., C/Camilo José Cela 2, 2° B, 41018 Seville, Spain.  2: E.T.S. Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Málaga, 29013 Málaga, Spain.  3: E.S. Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain.  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  5: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lincoln-Nebraska, Nebraska, 68588.; Source Info: 5/5/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 17, p5376; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: MENISCUS (Liquids); Subject Term: ENZYMES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raebiger, James W.
AU  - Miedaner, Alex
AU  - Curtis, Calvin J.
AU  - Miller, Susie M.
AU  - Anderson, Oren P.
AU  - DuBois, Daniel L.
T1  - Using Ligand Bite Angles To Control the Hydricity of Palladium Diphosphine Complexes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/05/
VL  - 126
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5502
EP  - 5514
SN  - 00027863
AB  - A series of [Pd(diphosphine)2](BF4)2 and Pd(diphosphine)2 complexes have been prepared for which the natural bite angle of the diphosphine ligand varies from 78° to 111°. Structural studies have been completed for 7 of the 10 new complexes described. These structural studies indicate that the dihedral angle between the two planes formed by the two phosphorus atoms of the diphosphine ligands and palladium increases by over 50° as the natural bite angle increases for the [Pd(diphosphine)2](BF4)2 complexes. The dihedral angle for the Pd(diphosphine)2 complexes varies less than 10° for the same range of natural bite angles. Equilibrium reactions of the Pd(diphosphine)2 complexes with protonated bases to form the corresponding [HPd(diphosphine)2]+ complexes were used to determine the pKa values of the corresponding hydrides. Cyclic voltammetry studies of the [Pd(diphosphine)2](BF4)2 complexes were used to determine the half-wave potentials of the Pd(II/I) and Pd(I/O) couples. Thermochemical cycles, half-wave potentials, and measured pKa values were used to determine both the homolytic ([HPd(diphosphine)2]+ → [Pd(diphosphine)2]+ + H˙) and the heterolytic ([HPd(diphosphine)2]+ → [Pd(diphosphine)2]2+ + H-) bond-dissociation free energies, ΔGH˙° and ΔGH-°, respectively. Linear free-energy relationships are observed between pKa and the Pd(I/0) couple and between ΔGH-° and the Pd(II/I) couple. The measured values for °GH˙° were all 57 kcal/mol, whereas the values of ΔGH-° ranged from 43 kcal/mol for [HPd(depe)2]+ (where depe is bis-(diethylphosphino)ethane) to 70 kcal/mol for [HPd(EtXantphos)2]+ (where EtXantphos is 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diethylphosphino)xanthene). It is estimated that the natural bite angle of the ligand contributes approximately 20 kcal/mol to the observed difference of 27 kcal/mol for ΔGH-°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PALLADIUM compounds
KW  - PHOSPHORUS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - XANTHENE
KW  - HETEROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - LIGANDS
N1  - Accession Number: 13229499; Raebiger, James W. 1 Miedaner, Alex 1 Curtis, Calvin J. 1 Miller, Susie M. 2 Anderson, Oren P. 2 DuBois, Daniel L. 1; Email Address: dan_dubois@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401.  2: Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.; Source Info: 5/5/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 17, p5502; Subject Term: PALLADIUM compounds; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: XANTHENE; Subject Term: HETEROCYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zanonato, PierLuigi
AU  - Di Bernardo, Plinio
AU  - Bismondo, Arturo
AU  - Liu, Guokul
AU  - Xueyuan Chen
AU  - Rao, Linfeng
T1  - Hydrolysis of Uranium(Vl) at Variable Temperatures (10--85 °C).
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/05/
VL  - 126
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5515
EP  - 5522
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The hydrolysis of uranium(VI) in tetraethylammonium perchlorate (0.10 mol dm-3 at 25 °C) was studied at variable temperatures (10-85 °C). The hydrolysis constants (*βn,m) and enthalpy of hydrolysis (ΔHn,m) for the reaction mUO22+ + nH2O = (UO2)m(OH)n(2m-n)+ + nH+ were determined by titration potentiometry and calorimetry. The hydrolysis constants, *β1,1, *β2,2, and *β5,3, increased by 2-5 orders of magnitude as the temperature was increased from 10 to 85 °C. The enthalpies of hydrolysis, ΔH2,2 and ΔH5,3, also varied: Δ2,2 became more endothermic while ΔH5,3 became less endothermic as the temperature was increased. The heat capacities of hydrolysis, ΔCp(2,2) and ΔCp(5,3), were calculated to be (152 ± 43) J K-1 mol-1 and -(229 ± 34) J K-1 mol-1, respectively. UV/Vis absorption spectra supported the trend that hydrolysis of U(VI) was enhanced at elevated temperatures. Time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy provided additional information on the hydrolyzed species at different temperatures. Approximation approaches to predict the effect of temperature were tested with the data from this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM compounds
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - VOLUMETRIC analysis
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - ENTHALPY
N1  - Accession Number: 13229500; Zanonato, PierLuigi 1 Di Bernardo, Plinio 1 Bismondo, Arturo 2 Liu, Guokul 3 Xueyuan Chen 3 Rao, Linfeng 4; Email Address: LRao@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica Metallorganica ed Analitica, Università di Padova, via Loredan 4, 35131, Padova, Italy.  2: Istituto di Chimica Inorganica e delle Superfici del C.N.R. of Padova, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy.  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  4: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 5/5/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 17, p5515; Subject Term: URANIUM compounds; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: VOLUMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alam, Todd M.
AU  - Nyman, May
AU  - Cherry, Brian A.
AU  - Segall, Judith M.
AU  - Lybarger, Leslie E.
T1  - Multinuclear NMR Investigations of the Oxygen, Water, and Hydroxyl Environments in Sodium Hexaniobate.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/05/
VL  - 126
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5610
EP  - 5620
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Solid-state ¹H, 17O MAS NMR, ¹H-93Nb TRAPDOR NMR, and ¹H double quantum 2D MAS NMR experiments were used to characterize the oxygen, water, and hydroxyl environments in the monoprotonated hexaniobate material, Na7[HNb6O19]˙15H2O. These solid-state NMR experiments demonstrate that the proton is located on the bridging oxygen of the [Nb6O19]8- cluster. The solid-state NMR results also show that the NbOH protons are spatially isolated from similar protons, but undergo proton exchange with the water species located in the crystal lattice. On the basis of double quantum ¹H MAS NMR measurements, it was determined that the water species in the crystal lattice have restricted motional dynamics. Two-dimensional ¹H-17O MAS NMR correlation experiments show that these restricted waters are preferentially associated with the bridging oxygen. Solution 17O NMR experiments show that the hydroxyl proton is also attached to the bridging oxygen for the compound in solution. In addition, solution 17O NMR kinetic studies for the hexaniobate allowed the measurement of relative oxygen exchange rates between the bridging, terminal, and hydroxyl oxygen and the oxygen of the solvent as a function of pH and temperature. These NMR experiments are some of the first investigations into the proton location, oxygen and proton exchange processes, and water dynamics for a base stable polyoxoniobate material, and they provide insight into the chemistry and reactivity of these materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - WATER -- Composition
KW  - SODIUM compounds
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 13229510; Alam, Todd M. 1; Email Address: tmalam@sandia.gov Nyman, May 2 Cherry, Brian A. 1 Segall, Judith M. 1 Lybarger, Leslie E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Organic Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  2: Department of Geochemistry, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 5/5/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 17, p5610; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: WATER -- Composition; Subject Term: SODIUM compounds; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Y.-K.
AU  - Kang, S.-H.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Synthesis and electrochemical behavior of layered Li(Ni0.5−xCo2xMn0.5−x)O2 (x = 0 and 0.025) materials prepared by solid-state reaction method
JO  - Materials Research Bulletin
JF  - Materials Research Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/05/05/
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 819
SN  - 00255408
AB  - Layered Li(Ni0.5−xCo2xMn0.5−x)O2 (<F>x=0</F> and 0.025) materials were prepared by conventional solid state reaction method combined with high energy ball milling (HEBM). The Li(Ni0.5−xCo2xMn0.5−x)O2 electrodes delivered discharge capacity of 142–185 mAh/g depending on upper cut-off voltage limit with excellent cycleability. The charge/discharge and differential capacity versus voltage studies show that only one phase reaction occurs and no phase transition takes place during the electrochemical cycling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Research Bulletin is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - COBALT
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 12836658; Sun, Y.-K. 1; Email Address: yksun@hanyang.ac.kr Kang, S.-H. 2 Amine, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Information and Communication Materials, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea  2: Electrochemical Technology Program, Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Division, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p819; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.materresbull.2004.02.007
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gatti-Bono, Caroline
AU  - Perkins, N.C.
T1  - Numerical model for the dynamics of a coupled fly line/fly rod system and experimental validation
JO  - Journal of Sound & Vibration
JF  - Journal of Sound & Vibration
Y1  - 2004/05/06/
VL  - 272
IS  - 3-5
M3  - Article
SP  - 773
SN  - 0022460X
AB  - A model is presented that describes the two-dimensional dynamics of the coupled system composed of a fly rod and a fly line. The fly line is modelled as a long elastica that is subjected to tension, bending, aerodynamic drag, and weight. The fly rod is modelled as a flexible Euler–Bernoulli beam possessing two degrees of freedom: a rigid-body mode, and a flexible-body mode. The line and the rod are coupled through the boundary conditions at their interface. The resulting initial two-point boundary-value problem is solved numerically using a finite difference algorithm. The numerical solutions for an overhead cast are computed using experimental data as the input for the motion of caster''s hand. The shape of the fly line and the position of the fly rod are compared with images captured by video. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sound & Vibration is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FISHING rods
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - BENDING moment
N1  - Accession Number: 12739106; Gatti-Bono, Caroline 1 Perkins, N.C. 2; Email Address: ncp@umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Applied Numerical Algorithms, CRD, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2250 G.G. Brown, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272 Issue 3-5, p773; Subject Term: FISHING rods; Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: BENDING moment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339920 Sporting and Athletic Goods Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0022-460X(03)00419-X
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Polson, Matthew I.J.
AU  - Howell, Sarah L.
AU  - Flood, Amar H.
AU  - Burrell, Anthony K.
AU  - Blackman, Allan G.
AU  - Gordon, Keith C.
T1  - Synthesis and electronic properties of mononuclear osmium(II) and rhenium(I) complexes containing ligands derived from [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyridophenazine (ppb)
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2004/05/06/
VL  - 23
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1427
SN  - 02775387
AB  - An improved method for the synthesis of the polypyridyl ligand [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyridophenazine (ppb) is reported. In addition, the syntheses of the new ppb-based ligands L (L=[2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyridophenazine, [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyrido-6,7-dimethylphenazine, [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyrido-6,7-dichlorophenazine, [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyrido[1,2-e]benzophenazine, [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c:3<f>″</f>,2<f>″</f>-e]tripyridoquinoxaline and [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyrido-5-methylphenazine) are detailed. The complexes [Os(ppb)(bpy)2]2+ and [Os(L)(bpy)2]2+ have been synthesised and their electrochemical, electronic absorption and UV–Vis spectrochemical properties measured. Syntheses of the rhenium(I) complexes fac-[Re(<f>L″</f>)(CO)3Cl] (L<f>″</f> = [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyridophenazine, [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyrido-6,7-dimethylphenazine, [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyrido-6,7-dichlorophenazine, [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyrido[1,2-e]benzophenazine) are also reported. The osmium(II) complexes [Os(L<f>′</f>)(bpy)2]2+ (L<f>′</f> = 2,3-di-(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline, 6,7-dimethyl-2,3-di-(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline, 6,7-chloro-2,3-di-(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline, 2,3-di-(2-pyridyl)benzo[g]quinoxaline, 4-methyl-di-(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline) have also been prepared and studied. The electronic spectra of the Os and Re complexes are dominated by strong MLCT transitions. The lowest energy MLCT transitions correlate linearly with the first reduction potential for the [Os(L)(bpy)2]2+ series. Electrochemical oxidation of the [Os(L)(bpy)2]2+ and [Os(L<f>′</f>)(bpy)2]2+ complexes results in the appearance of LMCT transitions in the visible region while reduction of the [Os(L)(bpy)2]2+ complexes produces complex electronic spectra. Comparison with the reduced fac-[Re(L<f>″</f>)(CO)3Cl] complexes allows assignment of L<f>″</f>⋅− <f>π→π*</f> transitions in the NIR (1200–1000 nm) and red (850–700 nm) regions. The nonsymmetrical ligands [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c:3<f>″</f>,2<f>″</f>-e]tripyridoquinoxaline and [2,3-a:3<f>′</f>,2<f>′</f>-c]dipyrido-5-methylphenazine both coordinate to the [Os(bpy)2]2+ unit in a stereospecific manner to give a single geometric isomer. The crystal structure of [Re(CO)3(ppb)Cl] is reported, in which the polypyridyl ligand deviates significantly from planarity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSMIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - Osmium
KW  - Polypyridyl
KW  - Rhenium
KW  - Spectroscopy
KW  - Synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 12962533; Polson, Matthew I.J. 1 Howell, Sarah L. 1 Flood, Amar H. 1 Burrell, Anthony K. 2 Blackman, Allan G. 1; Email Address: blackman@alkali.otago.ac.nz Gordon, Keith C. 1; Email Address: kgordon@alkali.otago.ac.nz; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 23 Issue 8, p1427; Subject Term: OSMIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Osmium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polypyridyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.poly.2004.02.012
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wagner, Gregory J.
AU  - Karpov, Eduard G.
AU  - Liu, Wing Kam
T1  - Molecular dynamics boundary conditions for regular crystal lattices
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05/07/
VL  - 193
IS  - 17-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 1579
SN  - 00457825
AB  - We present a method for deriving molecular dynamics boundary conditions for use in multiple scale simulations that can be applied at a planar boundary for any solid that has a periodically repeating crystal lattice. The method is based on a linearization in the vicinity of the boundary, and utilizes a Fourier and Laplace transforms in space and time to eliminate the degrees of freedom associated with atoms outside the boundary. This method is straightforward to implement numerically, and thus can be automated for a general crystal lattice. We show that this method reproduces the known kernel for a 1D linear chain, and apply the approach to obtain the damping kernel matrices for two real crystal lattices: the graphene and diamond structures of carbon. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Boundary conditions
KW  - Generalized Langevin equation
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Multiple scale simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 12751822; Wagner, Gregory J. 1; Email Address: gjwagne@sandia.gov Karpov, Eduard G. 2; Email Address: ekarpov@northwestern.edu Liu, Wing Kam 3; Email Address: w-liu@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551 USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, The Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 193 Issue 17-20, p1579; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boundary conditions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Generalized Langevin equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiple scale simulations; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qian, Dong
AU  - Wagner, Gregory J.
AU  - Liu, Wing Kam
T1  - A multiscale projection method for the analysis of carbon nanotubes
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05/07/
VL  - 193
IS  - 17-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 1603
SN  - 00457825
AB  - The main objective of this paper is to develop a multiscale method for the analysis of carbon nanotube systems. The multiscale coupled governing equations are first derived based on a multiscale partition, which consists of a coarse scale component represented by meshfree approximation, and a fine scale component to be resolved from molecular dynamics. It is noted that the coarse scale representation is present in the entire domain of the problem, and coexists with the fine scale representation in the enriched region. Using the projection properties of the partition, the decoupled non-linear set of equations are obtained and solved iteratively using Newton''s method. In this multiscale analysis, a virtual atom cluster (VAC) model is also proposed in the coarse scale treatment. This model does not involve a stress update scheme employing the Cauchy–Born hypothesis, which has been widely used in the crystal elasticity theory. Finally, to approximate a curved surface at the nanoscale, meshfree approximations are introduced to interpolate a single layer of atoms. Unlike traditional shell or continuum elements, the geometric constraint is only imposed in two dimensions. The high order continuity property of the meshfree shape functions guarantees an accurate description of the geometry and thus the energy of the atomic bond. The accuracy and efficiency of the method are illustrated in the post-buckling analysis of carbon nanotube structures. To our knowledge, this is the first multiscale post-buckling analysis presented for such a nanoscale system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon nanotubes
KW  - Meshfree method
KW  - Multiscale analysis
KW  - Nanomechanics
KW  - Virtual atom cluster
N1  - Accession Number: 12751823; Qian, Dong 1; Email Address: dong.qian@uc.edu Wagner, Gregory J. 2; Email Address: gjwagne@sandia.gov Liu, Wing Kam 3; Email Address: w-liu@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Nuclear Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0072, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9401, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-0311, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 193 Issue 17-20, p1603; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meshfree method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiscale analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanomechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Virtual atom cluster; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.016
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ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fang, H.
AU  - Horstemeyer, M.F.
AU  - Baskes, M.I.
AU  - Solanki, K.
T1  - Atomistic simulations of Bauschinger effects of metals with high angle and low angle grain boundaries
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05/07/
VL  - 193
IS  - 17-20
M3  - Article
SP  - 1789
SN  - 00457825
AB  - In this paper, we examined Bauschinger effects in nickel single crystals and nickel containing arrays of high angle or low angle grain boundaries under shear deformation using molecular dynamics with embedded atom method (EAM) potentials. In order to take into account dislocation nucleation under different boundary conditions and their effects on the stress–strain relationship, two limiting constraints were used to both high angle and low angle grain boundaries: fixed end on all sides and free ends on all sides. Stress–strain curves were then compared under these two boundary conditions for three cases: single crystal, high angle grain boundary arrays, and low angle grain boundary arrays. In each of the three cases, loading was reversed at different strain levels after yield and Bauschinger effects were examined on all the scenarios. The simulation results were also compared with macroscopic mechanics ideas for both high angle and low angle grain boundaries. The Bauschinger effect was found to be the largest for the case of high angle boundaries and the lowest for the single crystal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atomistic simulations
KW  - Bauschinger
KW  - Embedded atom method
KW  - Nanoscale
N1  - Accession Number: 12751832; Fang, H. 1 Horstemeyer, M.F. 1,2; Email Address: mfhorst@me.msstate.edu Baskes, M.I. 3 Solanki, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, P.O. BOX 9627, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, 206 Carpenter Building, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA  3: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 193 Issue 17-20, p1789; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomistic simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bauschinger; Author-Supplied Keyword: Embedded atom method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoscale; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.052
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tawada, Yoshihiro
AU  - Tsuneda, Takao
AU  - Yanagisawa, Susumu
AU  - Yanai, Takeshi
AU  - Hirao, Kimihiko
T1  - A long-range-corrected time-dependent density functional theory.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 8425
EP  - 8433
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We apply the long-range correction (LC) scheme for exchange functionals of density functional theory to time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and examine its efficiency in dealing with the serious problems of TDDFT, i.e., the underestimations of Rydberg excitation energies, oscillator strengths, and charge-transfer excitation energies. By calculating vertical excitation energies of typical molecules, it was found that LC-TDDFT gives accurate excitation energies, within an error of 0.5 eV, and reasonable oscillator strengths, while TDDFT employing a pure functional provides 1.5 eV lower excitation energies and two orders of magnitude lower oscillator strengths for the Rydberg excitations. It was also found that LC-TDDFT clearly reproduces the correct asymptotic behavior of the charge-transfer excitation energy of ethylene–tetrafluoroethylene dimer for the long intramolecular distance, unlike a conventional far-nucleus asymptotic correction scheme. It is, therefore, presumed that poor TDDFT results for pure functionals may be due to their lack of a long-range orbital–orbital interaction.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - RYDBERG states
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - DIMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 12879459; Tawada, Yoshihiro 1 Tsuneda, Takao 1; Email Address: tune@qcl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp Yanagisawa, Susumu 1 Yanai, Takeshi 2 Hirao, Kimihiko 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367; Source Info: 5/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 18, p8425; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: RYDBERG states; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: DIMERS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688752
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glab, W. L.
AU  - Pratt, S. T.
T1  - Ion rotational distributions following vibrational autoionization of the Rydberg states of water.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 8555
EP  - 8566
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Double-resonance laser excitation and high-resolution energy dispersive photoelectron spectroscopy were used to determine the ionic rotational-state distributions following vibrational autoionization of Rydberg states of water having principal quantum number n=8–10 and converging to the X 2B1 (1,0,0) state of H2O+. Where possible, these states were identified by comparison with results of a calculation based on multichannel quantum defect theory. Symmetry and angular momentum constraints link the observed ionic rotational states to particular values of the orbital angular momentum of the Rydberg electron, l, and to the partial-wave composition of the ejected electron. In particular, this connection allows an unambiguous determination of the even or odd character of the partial waves and provides a test of the predicted character of the autoionizing resonances. The effects of l mixing induced by the nonspherical nature of the ionic field are plainly evident in the ion distributions. The present results also allow a tentative assignment of some resonances to the previously unidentified np Rydberg states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - RYDBERG states
KW  - WATER
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 12879443; Glab, W. L. 1 Pratt, S. T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 5/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 18, p8555; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: RYDBERG states; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1701718
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, Xiongce
AU  - Johnson, J. Karl
AU  - Rasmussen, Craig E.
T1  - Surface tension of quantum fluids from molecular simulations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 8707
EP  - 8715
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present the first molecular simulations of the vapor–liquid surface tension of quantum liquids. The path integral formalism of Feynman was used to account for the quantum mechanical behavior of both the liquid and the vapor. A replica-data parallel algorithm was implemented to achieve good parallel performance of the simulation code on at least 32 processors. We have computed the surface tension and the vapor–liquid phase diagram of pure hydrogen over the temperature range 18–30 K and pure deuterium from 19 to 34 K. The simulation results for surface tension and vapor–liquid orthobaric densities are in very good agreement with experimental data. We have computed the interfacial properties of hydrogen–deuterium mixtures over the entire concentration range at 20.4 and 24 K. The calculated equilibrium compositions of the mixtures are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The computed mixture surface tension shows negative deviations from ideal solution behavior, in agreement with experimental data and predictions from Prigogine’s theory. The magnitude of the deviations at 20.4 K are substantially larger from simulations and from theory than from experiments. We conclude that the experimentally measured mixture surface tension values are systematically too high. Analysis of the concentration profiles in the interfacial region shows that the nonideal behavior can be described entirely by segregation of H2 to the interface, indicating that H2 acts as a surfactant in H2–D2 mixtures. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - QUANTUM liquids
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PATH integrals
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
N1  - Accession Number: 12879424; Zhao, Xiongce 1 Johnson, J. Karl 1,2; Email Address: karlj@pitt.edu Rasmussen, Craig E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236  3: Advanced Computing Laboratory, CCS-1, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 5/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 18, p8707; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: QUANTUM liquids; Subject Term: VAPORS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PATH integrals; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695317
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhan
AU  - C.-G.
AU  - Spencer
AU  - P. S.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
T1  - Chromogenic and Neurotoxic Effects of an Aliphatic γ-Diketone:  Computational Insights into the Molecular Structures and Mechanism.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/05/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 6098
EP  - 6104
SN  - 15206106
AB  - First-principles electronic structure calculations have been performed to predict chromogenic properties of various candidate structures, including pyrrole monomers and dimers and their derivatives, of the chromophores formed from the reactions of 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD), a prototype of neurotoxic aliphatic γ-diketones, with NH3, amino acids, and proteins. The calculated results indicate that the pyrrole monomer structures and a previously proposed dimer structure do not have an absorption in the visible region (λ > ~400 nm and < ~700 nm), whereas a novel type of pyrrole dimer structure has absorptions (λ = ~400 to 420 nm) in the visible region if the methyl (CH3) groups on the pyrrole rings are oxidized to CHO groups. The calculated results for the oxidized pyrrole dimer models for cross-linked proteins are consistent with all of the available experimental data for the chromogenic and neurotoxic effects of 2,5-HD. Our results strongly support the conclusion that the chromogenic effects of aliphatic γ-diketones are closely related to their neurotoxic effects and further predict that both the chromogenic and neurotoxic effects are associated with the same chemical reaction process. Such a reaction process most likely starts from the formation of the pyrrole-protein adducts followed by dimerization and further oxidization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MONOMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 13064191; Zhan C.-G. 1 Spencer P. S. 1 Dixon D. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mailstop K9-90, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 907 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, and Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, 3181 South West Sam Jackson Park Road L606, Portland, Oregon 97201; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 108 Issue 19, p6098; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MONOMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lo, Chieh-Tsung
AU  - Seifert, Soenke
AU  - Thiyagarajan, Pappannan
AU  - Narasimhan, Balaji
T1  - Phase behavior of semicrystalline polymer blends
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/05/08/
VL  - 45
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3671
EP  - 3679
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The phase behavior of the semicrystalline polymer blend composed of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and linear low density polyethylene (PE) was studied using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and optical microscopy (OM). Based on the random phase approximation, the iPP/PE interaction parameter, χ, was obtained, and used to construct the iPP/PE phase diagram. The χ values reported in this study are lower than the χ values for deuterium-labeled moieties, measured by small angle neutron scattering (SANS). The predicted phase diagram has upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior with a critical temperature of 143 °C for the molecular weights used in this study. OM was used to locate cloud points and the results are consistent with the predicted phase diagram. Since iPP melts above the critical point, care was taken to distinguish phase separation from iPP crystallization by studying the kinetics of iPP crystallization, and the iPP crystallization was discerned from dewetting. In PE-rich blends, the iPP crystallization was suppressed and no dewetting was observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - POLYPROPYLENE
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Phase behavior
KW  - SAXS
KW  - Semicrystalline polymers
N1  - Accession Number: 13429656; Lo, Chieh-Tsung 1 Seifert, Soenke 2 Thiyagarajan, Pappannan 3 Narasimhan, Balaji 1; Email Address: nbalaji@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Iowa State University, 2035 Sweeney Hall, Ames, IA 50011-2230, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p3671; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: POLYPROPYLENE; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAXS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semicrystalline polymers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313110 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.03.089
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gee, Richard H.
AU  - Maxwell, Robert S.
AU  - Balazs, Bryan
T1  - Molecular dynamics studies on the effects of water speciation on interfacial structure and dynamics in silica-filled PDMS composites
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/05/08/
VL  - 45
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3885
EP  - 3891
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The effect of chemisorbed and physisorbed water on the interfacial structure and dynamics in silica-filled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based composites have been investigated. Toward this end, we have combined molecular dynamics simulations and experimental studies employing dynamic mechanical analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Our results suggest that the polymer–silica contact distance and the mobility of interfacial polymer chains significantly decreased as the hydration level at the interface was reduced. The reduced mobility of the PDMS chains in the interfacial domain reduced the overall, bulk, motional properties of the polymer, thus causing an effective ‘stiffening’ of the polymer matrix. The role of the long-ranged Coulombic interactions on the structural features and chain dynamics of the polymer were also examined. Both are found to be strongly influenced by the electrostatic interactions as identified by the bond orientation time correlation function, local density distribution and radial distribution functions. These results have important implications for the design and life performance behavior of nanocomposite silica–siloxane materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - Interfacial dynamics
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Polydimethylsiloxane
N1  - Accession Number: 13429680; Gee, Richard H.; Email Address: gee10@llnl.gov Maxwell, Robert S. 1 Balazs, Bryan 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p3885; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polydimethylsiloxane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.01.078
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budzien, Joanne
AU  - McCoy, John D.
AU  - Rottach, Dana
AU  - Curro, John G.
T1  - Effects of chain stiffness and penetrant size on penetrant diffusion in simple polymers: deduced relations from simulation and PRISM theory
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/05/08/
VL  - 45
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3923
EP  - 3932
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Molecular dynamics simulations in the NVT ensemble were performed for a repulsive system of bead-spring polymer chains with angle constraints. The diffusion coefficients of spherical penetrants were measured for different size penetrants as the angle constraints were varied. The scaling of the diffusion coefficient with penetrant size varies as a function of chain stiffness from liquid-like behavior to polymeric behavior. Free volume distributions were calculated from both simulation and PRISM theory. It is found that free volume distributions and mean void size are constant with chain stiffness although the diffusion coefficient changes by a factor of two. This suggests that while free volume is necessary for diffusion to occur, binary collisions and chain relaxation also play a role in determining penetrant diffusion. The relative contributions of these factors to the diffusion coefficient may change as a function of chain stiffness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - Penetrant
KW  - PRISM theory
KW  - Stokes–Einstein relation
N1  - Accession Number: 13429685; Budzien, Joanne 1 McCoy, John D. 1; Email Address: mccoy@mailhost.nmt.edu Rottach, Dana 2 Curro, John G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA  2: Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque NM 87131, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p3923; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Penetrant; Author-Supplied Keyword: PRISM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stokes–Einstein relation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2003.12.084
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13429685&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kovalev, Alexey E.
AU  - Zvyagin, Sergey A.
AU  - Bowers, Clifford R.
AU  - Reno, John L.
AU  - Simmons, Jerry A.
T1  - Observation of a node in the quantum oscillations induced by microwave radiation
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/05/08/
VL  - 130
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
SN  - 00381098
AB  - The microwave induced magnetoresistance in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure was studied at temperatures below 1 K and frequencies in the range of 150–400 GHz. A distinct node in the Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations, induced by the microwave radiation, is clearly observed. The node position coincides with the position of the cyclotron resonance on the carriers with effective mass <f>(0.068±0.005)m0.</f> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - D. Microwave induced magnetoresistance oscillations
N1  - Accession Number: 12815445; Kovalev, Alexey E. 1 Zvyagin, Sergey A. 2 Bowers, Clifford R. 1; Email Address: bowers@chem.ufl.edu Reno, John L. 3 Simmons, Jerry A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 130 Issue 6, p379; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: MASS (Physics); Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Microwave induced magnetoresistance oscillations; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.02.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grant, Delores J.
AU  - Hall, Ingrid J.
AU  - Eastmond, David A.
AU  - Jones, Irene M.
AU  - Bell, Douglas A.
T1  - Bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene promoter polymorphisms and HPRT, glycophorin A, and micronuclei mutant frequencies in human blood
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/05/09/
VL  - 560
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
SN  - 13835718
AB  - A dinucleotide repeat polymorphism (5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-TA units) has been identified within the promoter region of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene. The 7-TA repeat allele has been associated with elevated serum bilirubin levels that cause a mild hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert’s syndrome). Studies suggest that promoter transcriptional activity of UGT1A1 is inversely related to the number of TA repeats, and that unconjugated bilirubin concentration increases directly with the number of TA repeat elements. Because bilirubin is a known antioxidant, we hypothesized that UGT1A1 repeats associated with higher bilirubin may be protective against oxidative damage. We examined the effect of UGT1A1 genotype on somatic mutant frequency in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase (HPRT) gene in human lymphocytes and the glycophorin A (GPA) gene of red blood cells (both N0, NN mutants), and the frequency of lymphocyte micronuclei (both kinetochore (K)-positive or micronuclei K-negative) in 101 healthy smoking and nonsmoking individuals. As hypothesized, genotypes containing 7- and 8-TA displayed marginally lower GPA_NN mutant frequency relative to 5/5, 5/6, 6/6 genotypes (<F>P<0.05</F>). In contrast, our analysis showed that lower expressing UGT1A1 alleles (7- and 8-TA) were associated with modestly increased HPRT mutation frequency (<F>P<0.05</F>), while the same low-expression genotypes were not significantly associated with micronuclei frequencies (K-positive or K-negative) when compared to high-expression genotypes (5- and 6-TA). We found weak evidence that UGT1A1 genotypes containing 7- and 8-TA were associated with increased GPA_NØ mutant frequency relative to 5/5, 5/6, 6/6 genotypes (<F>P<0.05</F>). These data suggest that UGT1A1 genotype may modulate somatic mutation of some types, in some cell lineages, by a mechanism not involving bilirubin antioxidant activity. More detailed studies examining UGT1A1 promoter variation, oxidant/antioxidant balance and genetic damage will be needed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Blood
KW  - Glucuronosyltransferase
KW  - Genes
KW  - Bilirubin
KW  - Genotypes
KW  - Glycophorin A
KW  - HPRT
KW  - Micronuclei
KW  - Repeat polymorphisms
KW  - Somatic mutation
KW  - UGT1A1
N1  - Accession Number: 12839626; Grant, Delores J. 1,2; Hall, Ingrid J. 3; Eastmond, David A. 4; Jones, Irene M. 5; Bell, Douglas A. 1; Email Address: bell1@niehs.nih.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Genomics Section, Laboratory of Computational Biology and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), C3-03, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; 2: Cancer Research Program, JLC-Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA; 3: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, GA, USA; 4: Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program UC-Riverside, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA; 5: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Issue Info: May2004, Vol. 560 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: Blood; Subject Term: Glucuronosyltransferase; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Bilirubin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genotypes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycophorin A; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPRT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micronuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repeat polymorphisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Somatic mutation; Author-Supplied Keyword: UGT1A1; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.01.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cao, Chunshe
AU  - Xia, Gordon
AU  - Holladay, Jamie
AU  - Jones, Evan
AU  - Wang, Yong
T1  - Kinetic studies of methanol steam reforming over Pd/ZnO catalyst using a microchannel reactor
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2004/05/10/
VL  - 262
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - A microchannel reactor with effective heat exchange has been developed to evaluate catalyst performance and measure reaction kinetics. The reactor provides an isothermal environment for rate measurement of the endothermic methanol steam reforming reactions over a Pd/ZnO catalyst in a wide temperature range (160–310 °C). The apparent activation energy and rate equation have been determined to fit the power law expression:−rA(mmol/kgcat /s)=2.9047×1010 e−94 800/RTpMeOH0.715pH2O0.088This result provides kinetic data for the design of a miniature fuel processor for small fuel cell applications. The rate equation has been applied to a three-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous model to simulate temperature profiles in both microchannel and conventional fixed bed reactors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Methanol steam reforming
KW  - Microchannel reactor
KW  - Pd/ZnO catalyst
N1  - Accession Number: 12837579; Cao, Chunshe; Email Address: chunshe.cao@pnl.gov Xia, Gordon 1 Holladay, Jamie 1 Jones, Evan 1 Wang, Yong 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN: K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 262 Issue 1, p19; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol steam reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microchannel reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pd/ZnO catalyst; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apcata.2003.11.043
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12837579&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong, Joe
AU  - Wall, M.
AU  - Schwartz, A.J.
AU  - Xu, R.
AU  - Holt, M.
AU  - Hawoong Hong
AU  - Zachack, P.
AU  - Chiang, T.-C.
T1  - Imaging phonons in a fcc Pu–Ga alloy by thermal diffuse x-ray scattering.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/10/
VL  - 84
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3747
EP  - 3749
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - X-ray thermal diffuse scattering intensity patterns from phonons in a fcc δ-Pu-Ga alloy have been recorded using an 18 kev undulator x-ray beam with a beam diameter of 25 µm. The results are consistent with patterns calculated using the Born-von Karman force constant model of lattice dynamics, and support the pronounced softening of the transverse acoustic branch along the [111] direction observed from inelastic x-ray scattering measurements. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using a "large-grain, small beam" approach to study lattice properties, such as phonon dispersion curves, of materials not readily available in the form of large single crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - GALLIUM alloys
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13029174; Wong, Joe 1; Email Address: wong10@llnl.gov Wall, M. 1 Schwartz, A.J. 1 Xu, R. 2 Holt, M. 2 Hawoong Hong 2 Zachack, P. 2 Chiang, T.-C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, California  2: Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois; Source Info: 5/10/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 19, p3747; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: GALLIUM alloys; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737482
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029174&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jang-Sik Lee
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Sang Yeol Lee
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
T1  - Hydrogen-induced degradation in epitaxial and polycrystalline (Ba,Sr)TiO3 thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/10/
VL  - 84
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3825
EP  - 3827
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A comparative study of hydrogen-induced degradation in epitaxial and polycrystalline (Ba, Sr)TiO3 (BST) thin films has been carried out. Epitaxial BST was prepared on SrRuO3 (SRO)/SrTiO3 (STO), whereas polycrystalline BST was deposited on SRO/SiOx/Si. After the Pt top electrode deposition, we have measured the dielectric response and leakage current characteristics before and after annealing in forming gas (6% hydrogen/94% argon) at 450 °C for 1 h. Even though both samples have the same capacitor architecture, Pt/BST/SRO, the degree of degradation after annealing in forming gas was found to be quite different. Epitaxial BST films were highly immune to hydrogen degradation; however, polycrystalline BST films degraded severely in terms of both dielectric and electrical properties. We show that the grain boundary is one of the main sources of hydrogen-induced degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13029148; Jang-Sik Lee 1 Li, Y. 1 Lin, Y. 1 Sang Yeol Lee 1; Email Address: jslee@lanl.gov Jia, Q.X. 1; Email Address: qxjia@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 5/10/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 19, p3825; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1745105
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029148&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wierer, J.J.
AU  - Krames, M.R.
AU  - Epler, J.E.
AU  - Gardner, N.F.
AU  - Craford, M.G.
AU  - Wendt, J.R.
AU  - Simmons, J.A.
AU  - Sigalas, M.M.
T1  - InGaN/GaN quantum-well heterostructure light-emitting diodes employing photonic crystal structures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/10/
VL  - 84
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3885
EP  - 3887
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Electrical operation of InGaN/GaN quantum-well heterostructure photonic crystal light-emitting diodes (PXLEDs) is demonstrated. A triangular lattice photonic crystal is formed by dry etching into the top GaN layer. Light absorption from the metal contact is minimized because the top GaN layers are engineered to provide lateral current spreading, allowing carrier recombination proximal to the photonic crystal yet displaced from the metal contact. The chosen lattice spacing for the photonic crystal causes Bragg scattering of guided modes out of the LED, increasing the extraction efficiency. The far-field radiation patterns of the PXLEDs are heavily modified and display increased radiance, up to ∼1.5 times brighter compared to similar LEDs without the photonic crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13029128; Wierer, J.J. 1; Email Address: jonathan.wierer@lumileds.com Krames, M.R. 1 Epler, J.E. 1 Gardner, N.F. 1 Craford, M.G. 1 Wendt, J.R. 2 Simmons, J.A. 2 Sigalas, M.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Laboratories, Lumileds Lighting, San Jose, California  2: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico  3: Agilent Technologies, California; Source Info: 5/10/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 19, p3885; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1738934
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029128&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davanathan, R.
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Amorphization of silicon carbide by carbon displacement.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/10/
VL  - 84
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 3909
EP  - 3911
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have used molecular dynamics simulations to examine the possibility of amorphizing silicon carbide (SiC) by exclusively displacing C atoms. At a defect generation corresponding to 0.2 displacements per atom, the enthalpy surpasses the level of melt-quenched SiC, the density decreases by about 15%, and the radial distribution function shows a lack of long-range order. Prior to amorphization, the surviving defects are mainly C Frenkel pairs (67%), but Si Frenkel pairs (18%) and antisite defects (15%) are also present. The results indicate that SiC can be amorphized by C sublattice displacements. Chemical short-range disorder, arising mainly from Frenkel pair production, plays a significant role in the amorphization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13029120; Davanathan, R. 1; Email Address: ram.devanathan@pnl.gov Gao, F. 1 Weber, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: 5/10/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 19, p3909; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1739515
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beneke, M.
AU  - Chapovsky, A.P.
AU  - Signer, A.
AU  - Zanderighi, G.
T1  - Effective theory calculation of resonant high-energy scattering
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/05/10/
VL  - 686
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Tests of the Standard Model and its hypothetical extensions require precise theoretical predictions for processes involving massive, unstable particles. It is well-known that ordinary weak-coupling perturbation theory breaks down due to intermediate singular propagators. Various pragmatic approaches have been developed to deal with this difficulty. In this paper we construct an effective field theory for resonant processes utilizing the hierarchy of scales between the mass of the unstable particle, <f>M</f>, and its width, <f>Γ</f>. The effective theory allows calculations to be systematically arranged into a series in <f>g2</f> and <f>Γ/M</f>, and preserves gauge invariance in every step. We demonstrate the applicability of this method by calculating explicitly the inclusive line shape of a scalar resonance in an Abelian gauge-Yukawa model at next-to-leading order in <f>Γ/M</f> and the weak couplings. We also discuss the extension to next-to-next-to-leading order and compute an interesting subset of these corrections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HIGH spin physics
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 12838668; Beneke, M. 1 Chapovsky, A.P. 1; Email Address: chapovsk@physik.rwth-aachen.de Signer, A. 2 Zanderighi, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik E, RWTH Aachen, D–52056 Aachen, Germany  2: IPPP, Department of Physics, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, England, UK  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-500, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 686 Issue 1/2, p205; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HIGH spin physics; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 43p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.03.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mullins, D.R.
T1  - Adsorption of CO and C2H4 on Rh-loaded thin-film praseodymium oxide
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/05/10/
VL  - 556
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
SN  - 00396028
AB  - A praseodymium oxide thin-film was deposited on Ru(0 0 0 1) by vapor depositing Pr in 2 × 10−7 Torr O2 while the Ru was at 700 K. The film was approximately 5 nm thick and did not produce a LEED pattern. The adsorption and reaction of CO and C2H4 adsorbed on Rh supported on the PrOX film were studied by TPD and SXPS. The CO initially reacted with oxygen in the substrate to produce CO2. After this oxygen was removed, the CO adsorbed non-dissociatively in a manner similar to what is seen on Rh(1 1 1). C2H4 adsorbed on the Rh particles and underwent progressive dehydrogenation to produce H2 during TPD. The C from the C2H4 reacted with the O in PrOX to produce CO. CO dissociation on the Rh particles could be promoted by reducing the PrOX with C2H4 before CO exposure. The CO dissociation occurred over a narrow range of Pr reduction and occurred only at high degrees of reduction. No CO dissociation was seen for films with a Pr3+ content of up to 50%. Extensive treatment in C2H4 poisoned subsequent CO adsorption due to the build-up of C on the Rh particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - RHODIUM
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - Alkenes
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Lanthanides
KW  - Rhodium
KW  - Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12898309; Mullins, D.R. 1; Email Address: mullinsdr@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6201, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 556 Issue 2/3, p159; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: RHODIUM; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.03.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12898309&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lian, Rui
AU  - Crowell, Robert A.
AU  - Shkrob, Ilya A.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
AU  - Oulianov, Dmitri A.
AU  - Gosztola, David
T1  - Recombination of geminate (OH, <f>eaq−</f>) pairs in concentrated alkaline solutions: lack of evidence for hydroxyl radical deprotonation
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/11/
VL  - 389
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Picosecond dynamics of hydrated electrons and hydroxyl radicals generated in 200 nm photodissociation of aqueous hydroxide and 400 nm (3-photon) ionization of water in concentrated alkaline solutions were obtained. No deprotonation of hydroxyl radicals was observed on the sub-nanosecond time scale, even in 1–10 M KOH solutions. This result is completely at odds with the kinetic data for deprotonation of OH radical in dilute alkaline solutions. We suggest that the deprotonation of hydroxyl radical is slowed down dramatically in concentrated alkaline solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12982302; Lian, Rui 1 Crowell, Robert A.; Email Address: rob_crowell@anl.gov Shkrob, Ilya A. 1 Bartels, David M.; Email Address: bartels@hertz.rad.nd.edu Oulianov, Dmitri A. 1 Gosztola, David 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 389 Issue 4-6, p379; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.03.134
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lončarić, J.
AU  - Tsynkov, S.V.
T1  - Optimization of power in the problems of active control of sound
JO  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
JF  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
Y1  - 2004/05/11/
VL  - 65
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
SN  - 03784754
AB  - We analyze the problem of suppressing the unwanted component of a time-harmonic acoustic field (noise) on a predetermined region of interest. The suppression is rendered by active means, i.e., by introducing the additional acoustic sources called controls that generate the appropriate anti-sound. Previously, we have obtained general solutions for active controls in both continuous and discrete formulation of the problem. We have also obtained optimal solutions that minimize the <F>L1</F> or <F>L2</F> norm of the control sources; the physical interpretation of the former being the overall absolute acoustic source strength.In the current paper, we minimize the power required for the operation of the active control system. It turns out that the corresponding analysis necessarily involves interaction between the sources of sound and the surrounding acoustic field, which was not the case for either <F>L1</F> or <F>L2</F>. Even though it may first seem counterintuitive, one can build a control system (a particular combination of surface monopoles and dipoles) that would require no power input for operation and would even produce a net power gain while providing the exact noise cancellation. This usually comes at the expense of having the original sources of noise produce even more energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics & Computers in Simulation is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - NOISE
KW  - SOUND
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - Active control sources
KW  - Complex-valued quantities
KW  - General solution
KW  - Load on the sources by the field
KW  - Monopoles and dipoles
KW  - Net power gain
KW  - Noise cancellation
KW  - Radiation of waves
KW  - Volumetric and surface controls
N1  - Accession Number: 12898158; Lončarić, J. 1; Email Address: josip@lanl.gov Tsynkov, S.V. 2; Email Address: tsynkov@math.ncsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-D432, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mathematics and Center for Research in Scientific Computation (CRSC), North Carolina State University, Box 8205, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 65 Issue 4/5, p323; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Active control sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex-valued quantities; Author-Supplied Keyword: General solution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Load on the sources by the field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monopoles and dipoles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Net power gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Noise cancellation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation of waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volumetric and surface controls; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matcom.2004.01.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dutta, Srabasti
AU  - Glimm, James
AU  - Grove, John W.
AU  - Sharp, David H.
AU  - Zhang, Yongmin
T1  - Spherical Richtmyer-Meshkov instability for axisymmetric flow
JO  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
JF  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
Y1  - 2004/05/11/
VL  - 65
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
SN  - 03784754
AB  - Front tracking has proved to be an accurate and efficient algorithm in the sense that tracking the interface can reduce the error significantly . By applying this algorithm, we conduct numerical simulations of Richtmyer–Meshkov (RM) instabilities in spherical geometry for axisymmetric flow. We demonstrate scaling invariance with respect to shock Mach number for fluid mixing statistics, such as growth rate and volume fraction. Here the mixing is related to bulk transport rather than molecular mixing. Our results are validated by convergence under both mesh refinement and statistical ensemble averaging. We also show that the spherical geometry will converge to planar geometry when the number of modes of interface perturbation goes to infinity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics & Computers in Simulation is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - Front tracking
KW  - Richtmyer–Meshkov instability
KW  - Spherical geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 12898164; Dutta, Srabasti 1; Email Address: kuttush@ams.sunysb.edu Glimm, James 1,2; Email Address: glimm@ams.sunysb.edu Grove, John W. 3; Email Address: dhs@t13.lanl.gov Sharp, David H. 4; Email Address: jgrove@lanl.gov Zhang, Yongmin 1; Email Address: yzhang@ams.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600, USA  2: Center for Data Intensive Computing, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11793-6000, USA  3: Methods for Advanced Scientific Simulations Group, Computer and Computational Science Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Complex Systems Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 65 Issue 4/5, p417; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Front tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Richtmyer–Meshkov instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical geometry; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matcom.2004.01.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samulyak, Roman
AU  - Prykarpatskyy, Yarema
T1  - Richtmyer–Meshkov instability in liquid metal flows: influence of cavitation and magnetic fields
JO  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
JF  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
Y1  - 2004/05/11/
VL  - 65
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
SN  - 03784754
AB  - The influence of magnetic fields and cavitation on the Richtmyer–Meshkov (RM) instability in liquid mercury has been studied numerically in 2D geometry. Numerical results shed light on the evolution of the Muon Collider target proposed as a pulsed jet of mercury interacting with high intensity proton beams in a strong magnetic field. We have shown that a uniform longitudinal magnetic field significantly reduces amplitudes and velocities of surface instabilities and is able to stabilize the jet during period of time typical for the jet breakup at zero magnetic field. We have developed a simple homogeneous two-phase equation of state for modeling of liquids with cavitation bubbles and applied it to the study of the evolution of mercury due to the interaction with proton pulses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics & Computers in Simulation is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - Cavitation
KW  - MHD
KW  - Richtmyer–Meshkov instability
N1  - Accession Number: 12898165; Samulyak, Roman; Email Address: rosamu@bnl.gov Prykarpatskyy, Yarema 1; Email Address: yarpry@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Data Intensive Computing, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 65 Issue 4/5, p431; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cavitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Richtmyer–Meshkov instability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matcom.2004.01.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gualandris, Alessia
AU  - Simon Portegies Zwart
AU  - Eggleton, Peter P.
T1  - N-body simulations of stars escaping from the Orion nebula.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/11/
VL  - 350
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 615
EP  - 626
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We study the dynamical interaction in which the two single runaway stars, AE Aurigæ and μ Columbæ, and the binary τ Orionis acquired their unusually high space velocity. The two single runaways move in almost opposite directions with a velocity greater than 100 km s-1 away from the Trapezium cluster. The star τ Orionis is an eccentric (e = 0.8) binary moving with a velocity of about 10 km s-1 at almost right angles with respect to the two single stars. The kinematic properties of the system suggest that a strong dynamical encounter occurred in the Trapezium cluster about 2.5 Myr ago. Curiously enough, the two binary components have similar spectral type but very different masses, indicating that their ages must be quite different. This observation leads to the hypothesis that an exchange interaction occurred in which an older star was swapped into the original τ Orionis binary. We test this hypothesis by a combination of numerical and theoretical techniques, using N-body simulations to constrain the dynamical encounter, binary evolution calculations to constrain the high orbital eccentricity of τ Orionis and stellar evolution calculations to constrain the age discrepancy of the two binary components. We find that an encounter between two low eccentricity (0.4 ≤ e ≤ 0.6) binaries with comparable binding energy, leading to an exchange and the ionization of the wider binary, provides a reasonable solution to this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLAR dynamics
KW  - BINARY stars
KW  - ORION Nebula
KW  - STARS
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - binaries: spectroscopic
KW  - methods: n-body simulations
KW  - stars: individual: hd 34078
KW  - stars: individual: hd 37043
KW  - stars: individual: hd 38666
N1  - Accession Number: 12941407; Gualandris, Alessia 1,2; Email Address: alessiag@science.uva.nl Simon Portegies Zwart 1,2 Eggleton, Peter P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Astronomical Institute 'Anton Pannekoek', University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands  2: Section Computational Science, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA; Source Info: 5/11/2004, Vol. 350 Issue 2, p615; Subject Term: STELLAR dynamics; Subject Term: BINARY stars; Subject Term: ORION Nebula; Subject Term: STARS; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Author-Supplied Keyword: binaries: spectroscopic; Author-Supplied Keyword: methods: n-body simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: hd 34078; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: hd 37043; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: hd 38666; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07673.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asthagiri, D.
AU  - Pratt, Lawrence R.
AU  - Kress, J. D.
AU  - Gomez, Maria A.
T1  - Hydration and mobility of HO-(aq).
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/05/11/
VL  - 101
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 7229
EP  - 7233
SN  - 00278424
AB  - The hydroxide anion plays an essential role in many chemical and biochemical reactions. But a molecular-scale description of its hydration state, and hence also its transport, in water is currently controversial. The statistical mechanical quasichemical theory of solutions suggests that HO·(H2O]3- is the predominant species in the aqueous phase under standard conditions. This result agrees with recent spectroscopic studies on hydroxide water clusters and with the available thermodynamic hydration free energies. In contrast a recent ab initio molecular dynamics simulation has suggested that HO·(H2O]4- is the only dominant aqueous solution species. We apply adiabatic ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and find good agreement with both the quasichemical theoretical predictions and experimental results. The present results suggest a picture that is simpler, more traditional, but with additional subtlety. These coordination structures are labile but the tricoordinate species is the prominent case. This conclusion is unaltered with changes in the electronic density functional. No evidence is found for rate-determining activated interconversion of a HO·(H2O]4- trap structure to HO·(H2O]3- mediating hydroxide transport. The view of HO- diffusion as the hopping of a proton hole has substantial validity, the rate depending largely on the dynamic disorder of the water hydrogen-bond network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13271715; Asthagiri, D. 1 Pratt, Lawrence R. 1; Email Address: Irp@lanl.gov Kress, J. D. 1 Gomez, Maria A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Department of Chemistry, Mt. Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075.; Source Info: 5/11/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 19, p7229; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0401696101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eubank, Stephen
AU  - Guclu, Hasan
AU  - Kumar, V. S. Anil
AU  - Marathe, Madhav V.
AU  - Srinivasan, Aravind
AU  - Toroczkai, Zoltén
AU  - Nan Wang
T1  - Modelling disease outbreaks in realistic urban social networks.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/05/13/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6988
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
EP  - 184
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Most mathematical models for the spread of disease use differential equations based on uniform mixing assumptions or ad hoc models for the contact process. Here we explore the use of dynamic bipartite graphs to model the physical contact patterns that result from movements of individuals between specific locations. The graphs are generated by large-scale individual-based urban traffic simulations built on actual census, land-use and population-mobility data. We find that the contact network among people is a strongly connected small-world-like graph with a well-defined scale for the degree distribution. However, the locations graph is scale-free, which allows highly efficient outbreak detection by placing sensors in the hubs of the locations network. Within this large-scale simulation framework, we then analyse the relative merits of several proposed mitigation strategies for smallpox spread. Our results suggest that outbreaks can be contained by a strategy of targeted vaccination combined with early detection without resorting to mass vaccination of a population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - BIPARTITE graphs
KW  - SMALLPOX
KW  - IMMUNIZATION
KW  - VACCINATION
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13079958; Eubank, Stephen 1; Email Address: eubank@lanl.gov Guclu, Hasan 2 Kumar, V. S. Anil 1 Marathe, Madhav V. 1 Srinivasan, Aravind 3 Toroczkai, Zoltén 4 Nan Wang 5; Affiliation:  1: Basic and Applied Simulation Science Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M997, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  2: Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA.  3: Department of Computer Science and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.  4: Centre for Nonlinear Studies and Complex Systems Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B258, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  5: Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.; Source Info: 5/13/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6988, p180; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: BIPARTITE graphs; Subject Term: SMALLPOX; Subject Term: IMMUNIZATION; Subject Term: VACCINATION; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02541
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Formolo, Michael J.
AU  - Lyons, Timothy W.
AU  - Zhang, Chuanlun
AU  - Kelley, Cheryl
AU  - Sassen, Roger
AU  - Horita, Juske
AU  - Cole, David R.
T1  - Quantifying carbon sources in the formation of authigenic carbonates at gas hydrate sites in the Gulf of Mexico
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/05/14/
VL  - 205
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
SN  - 00092541
AB  - The northern slope of the Gulf of Mexico is known for extensive venting of methane and other hydrocarbons as related to active salt diapirism and associated fault conduits which link world-class subsurface reserves to seafloor seeps. These venting hydrocarbons fuel extensive micro- and macrofaunal cold seep communities. Of particular interest is the relationship between anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria. It has been suggested that sulfate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation dominates carbon oxidation and attendant authigenic carbonate precipitation at these sites. To test this assumption, we have quantified the relative contributions of dissolved carbon dioxide (ΣCO2) from a variety of sources—specifically seawater, organic matter, methane, and non-methane liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons—using the carbon isotope compositions of authigenic carbonates and a simple isotopic mass balance. Our model, and a small but representative suite of data from the Gulf, demonstrates that methane is a contributor but is not the dominant source of metabolic energy at the sites of active venting. Instead, oxidation of non-methane hydrocarbons appears to be the primary source of carbonate alkalinity. The secondary role played by methane oxidation has been independently recognized by other workers from organic biomarker relationships and from disparities observed between measured rates of sulfate reduction and methane oxidation. Despite the domination of the carbon reservoir by non-methane sources, oxygen isotope data for the authigenic carbonates bear the mark of appreciable gas hydrate dissociation. This study, rather than being an exhaustive survey of Gulf of Mexico seeps, is intended only to provide a template for the investigation of the abundant authigenic carbonate deposits distributed throughout the geologic record. As in the Gulf of Mexico, many modern and ancient cold seeps are characterized by a complex interplay of carbon sources readily preserved in the δ13C values of carbonates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBONATES
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - METHANE
KW  - MEXICO, Gulf of
KW  - Authigenic carbonates
KW  - Gulf of Mexico
KW  - Methane
N1  - Accession Number: 12964647; Formolo, Michael J. 1; Email Address: mjfd77@mizzou.edu Lyons, Timothy W. 1 Zhang, Chuanlun 2 Kelley, Cheryl 1 Sassen, Roger 3 Horita, Juske 4 Cole, David R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, 101 Geological Sciences Building, Columbia, MO 65201, USA  2: Savannah River Ecology Laboratory and Marine Sciences Department, University of Georgia, P.O. Box Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA  3: Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 205 Issue 3/4, p253; Subject Term: CARBONATES; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: MEXICO, Gulf of; Author-Supplied Keyword: Authigenic carbonates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gulf of Mexico; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, M.C.
AU  - Strakey, J.P.
AU  - Singhal, Subhash C.
T1  - U.S. distributed generation fuel cell program
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/05/14/
VL  - 131
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The Department of Energy (DOE) is the largest funder of fuel cell technology in the U.S. The Department of Energy—Office of Fossil Energy (FE) is developing high temperature fuel cells for distributed generation. It has funded the development of tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) power systems operating at up to 60% efficiency on natural gas. The remarkable environmental performance of these fuel cells makes them likely candidates to help mitigate pollution. DOE is now pursuing more widely applicable solid oxide fuel cells for 2010 and beyond. DOE estimates that a 5 kW solid oxide fuel cell system can reach $400 per kW at reasonable manufacturing volumes. SECA—the Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance—was formed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to accelerate the commercial readiness of planar and other solid oxide fuel cell systems utilizing 3–10 kW size modules by taking advantage of the projected economies of production from a “mass customization” approach. In addition, if the modular 3–10 kW size units can be “ganged” or “scaled-up” to larger sizes with no increase in cost, then commercial, microgrid, and other distributed generation markets will become attainable. Further scale-up and hybridization of SECA SOFCs with gas turbines could result in penetration of the bulk power market. This paper reviews the current status of the solid oxide and molten carbonate fuel cells in the U.S. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - MOLTEN carbonate fuel cells
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - Cogeneration
KW  - Distributed generation
KW  - Hybrids
KW  - Molten carbonate fuel cell
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cell
KW  - Stationary power
N1  - Accession Number: 12897739; Williams, M.C. 1 Strakey, J.P. 2 Singhal, Subhash C. 3; Email Address: singhal@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 131 Issue 1/2, p79; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: MOLTEN carbonate fuel cells; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cogeneration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molten carbonate fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.01.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - McGraw, Robert
AU  - Gao, R. S.
AU  - Fahey, D. W.
AU  - Toon, O. B.
AU  - Kärcher, B.
T1  - Humidity, Ice, and Nitric Acid.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/05/14/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5673
M3  - Letter
SP  - 961
EP  - 963
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor and its response regarding effect of nitric acid on humidity in low-temperature clouds.
KW  - HUMIDITY
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 13222903; McGraw, Robert 1; Email Address: rlm@bnl.gov Gao, R. S. 2; Email Address: rgao@al.noaa.gov Fahey, D. W. 2,3 Toon, O. B. 4 Kärcher, B. 5; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973,USA.  2: Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305,USA,  3: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309,USA,  4: Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309,USA.  5: Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt,Wessling, D-82230,Germany.; Source Info: 5/14/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5673, p961; Subject Term: HUMIDITY; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Love, A. H.
AU  - Hunt, J. R.
AU  - Vogel, J. S.
AU  - Knezovich, J. P.
T1  - Improving tritium exposure reconstructions using accelerator mass spectrometry.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 379
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 198
EP  - 203
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - Direct measurement of tritium atoms by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) enables rapid low-activity tritium measurements from milligram-sized samples and permits greater ease of sample collection, faster throughput, and increased spatial and/or temporal resolution. Because existing methodologies for quantifying tritium have some significant limitations, the development of tritium AMS has allowed improvements in reconstructing tritium exposure concentrations from environmental measurements and provides an important additional tool in assessing the temporal and spatial distribution of chronic exposure. Tritium exposure reconstructions using AMS were previously demonstrated for a tree growing on known levels of tritiated water and for trees exposed to atmospheric releases of tritiated water vapor. In these analyses, tritium levels were measured from milligram-sized samples with sample preparation times of a few days. Hundreds of samples were analyzed within a few months of sample collection and resulted in the reconstruction of spatial and temporal exposure from tritium releases. Although the current quantification limit of tritium AMS is not adequate to determine natural environmental variations in tritium concentrations, it is expected to be sufficient for studies assessing possible health effects from chronic environmental tritium exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - groundwater.
KW  - Tree rings
KW  - Tritiated
KW  - Water vapor
N1  - Accession Number: 15125064; Love, A. H. 1,2; Email Address: love5@llnl.gov Hunt, J. R. 1 Vogel, J. S. 3 Knezovich, J. P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 631 Davis Hall, 94720-1710, Berkeley, CA, USA.  2: Environmental Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-396, PO Box 808, 94551, Livermore, CA, USA.  3: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-397, PO Box 808, 94551, Livermore, CA, USA.; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 379 Issue 2, p198; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tree rings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritiated; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water vapor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-003-2425-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huimin Luo
AU  - Sheng Dai
AU  - Bonnesen, Peter V.
T1  - Solvent Extraction of Sr2+ and Cs+ Based on Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids Containing Monoaza-Substituted Crown Ethers.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2773
EP  - 2779
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A series of N-alkyl aza-18-crown-6 ethers were synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. These monoaza-substituted crown ethers in ionic liquids were investigated as recyclable extractants for separation of Sr2+ and Cs+ from aqueous solutions. The pH-sensitive complexation capability of these ligands allows for a facile stripping process to be developed so that both macrocyclic ligands and ionic liquids can be reused. The extraction efficiencies and selectivities of these monoaza-subslituted crown ethers for Na+, K+, Cs+, and Sr2+ were studied in comparison to those of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 under the same conditions. The extraction selectivity order for dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 in the ionic liquids investigated here was K+ ≫ Sr2+ > Cs+ > Na+. The extraction selectivity order for N-alkyl aza-18-crown-6, in which the alkyl group is varied systematically from ethyl to n-dodecyl, was Sr2+ Gt; K+ > Cs+ > Na+ in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]amide and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfony1]amide and K+ > Sr2+ > Cs+ > Na+ in 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyll)sulfonyl] amide and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]amide. The strong dependence of selectivity on the type of ionic liquid indicates an important role played by solvation in solvent extraction processes based on ionic liquids. The optimization of macrocyclic ligands and ionic liquids led to an extraction system that is highly selective toward Sr2+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLVENT extraction
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - CROWN ethers
KW  - SUBSTITUTION reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13426436; Huimin Luo 1; Email Address: luoh@ornl.gov Sheng Dai 2 Bonnesen, Peter V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 10, p2773; Subject Term: SOLVENT extraction; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: CROWN ethers; Subject Term: SUBSTITUTION reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trelenberg, T.W.
AU  - Dinh, L.N.
AU  - Stuart, B.C.
AU  - Balooch, M.
T1  - Femtosecond pulsed laser ablation of metal alloy and semiconductor targets
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 229
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 268
EP  - 274
SN  - 01694332
AB  - The properties of metal alloy (CoPt and inconel) and semiconductor (GaAs and InP) nanoclusters formed via femtosecond laser pulses were investigated. Ablation of the target materials was carried out both in vacuum (10<F>-4</F> Pa) and at set pressures in a number of background gases. The results of this work indicate that short laser pulses (low picoseconds/femtoseconds) alone are not enough to guarantee the production of films with stoichiometries matching those of the target materials. The production of stoichiometric alloy films depends on the similarity of the vapor pressures of the target constituents, while the production of stoichiometric compound films requires ablation in the presence of a background gas and compound constituents of comparable mass. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FEMTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - 81.07.-b
KW  - Ablation
KW  - CoPt
KW  - Femtosecond
KW  - GaAs
KW  - Inconel
KW  - Laser
KW  - Vapor pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 13114529; Trelenberg, T.W.; Email Address: trelenberg1@llnl.gov Dinh, L.N. 1 Stuart, B.C. 1 Balooch, M.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 229 Issue 1-4, p268; Subject Term: FEMTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.07.-b; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CoPt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Femtosecond; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inconel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.02.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Annalora, Andrew
AU  - Bobrovnikova-Marjon, Ekaterina
AU  - Serda, Rita
AU  - Lansing, Letitia
AU  - Chiu, Mark L.
AU  - Pastuszyn, Andrzej
AU  - Iyer, Srinivas
AU  - Marcus, Craig B.
AU  - Omdahl, John L.
T1  - Rat cytochrome P450C24 (CYP24A1) and the role of F249 in substrate binding and catalytic activity
JO  - Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics
JF  - Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 425
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
SN  - 00039861
AB  - A high level of functional recombinant rat cytochrome P450C24 enzyme (CYP24A1) was obtained (40–50 mg/L) using an Escherichia coli expression system. Purified enzyme was stable with retention of spectral and catalytic activity. The rate of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] side-chain oxidation and cleavage to the end-product calcitroic acid was directly related to the rate of electron transfer from the ferredoxin redox partner. It was determined from substrate-induced spectral shifts that the 1α- and 25-hydroxyl groups on vitamin D3 metabolites and analogs were the major determinants for high-affinity binding to CYP24A1. Lowest <f>Kd</f> values were obtained for 1α-vitamin D3 (0.06 μM) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (0.05 μM) whereas unmodified parental vitamin D3 and the non-secosteroid 25-hydroxycholesterol had lower affinities with <f>Kd</f> values of 1.3 and 1.9 μM, respectively. The lowest binding affinity for natural vitamin D metabolites was observed for 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3] (0.43 μM). Kinetic analyses of the two natural substrates 25-hyroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] revealed similar Km values (0.35 and 0.38 μM, respectively), however, the turnover number was higher for 25(OH)D3 compared to 1,25(OH)2D3 (4.2 and 1 min−1, respectively). Mutagenesis of F249 within the F-helix of CYP24A1 altered substrate binding and metabolism. Most notable, the hydrophobic to polar mutant F249T had a strong impact on lowering substrate-binding affinity and catalysis of the final C23 oxidation sequence from 24,25,26,27-tetranor-1,23-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to calcitroic acid. Two other hydrophobic 249 mutants (F249A and F249Y) also lowered substrate binding and expressed metabolic abnormalities that included the C23-oxidation defect observed with mutant F249T plus a similar defect involving an earlier pathway action for the C24 oxidation of 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3. Therefore, Phe-249 within the F-helix was demonstrated to have an important role in properly binding and aligning substrate in the CYP24A1 active site for C23 and C24 oxidation reactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 12899498; Annalora, Andrew 1 Bobrovnikova-Marjon, Ekaterina 1 Serda, Rita 1 Lansing, Letitia 1 Chiu, Mark L. 2 Pastuszyn, Andrzej 1 Iyer, Srinivas 3 Marcus, Craig B. 4 Omdahl, John L. 1; Email Address: jomdahl@salud.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131-5221, USA  2: Department of Structural Biology, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6098, USA  3: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  4: Division of Toxicology, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 425 Issue 2, p133; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.abb.2004.01.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singer, Brett C.
AU  - Revzan, Kenneth L.
AU  - Hotchi, Toshifumi
AU  - Hodgson, Alfred T.
AU  - Brown, Nancy J.
T1  - Sorption of organic gases in a furnished room
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 2483
SN  - 13522310
AB  - We present experimental data and semi-empirical models describing the sorption of organic gases in a simulated indoor residential environment. Two replicate experiments were conducted with 20 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a 50-m3 room finished with painted wallboard, carpet and cushion, draperies and furnishings. The VOCs span a wide volatility range and include ten hazardous air pollutants. VOCs were introduced to the static chamber as a pulse and their gas-phase concentrations were measured during a net adsorption period and a subsequent net desorption period. Three sorption models were fit to the measured concentrations for each compound to determine the simplest formulation needed to adequately describe the observed behavior. Sorption parameter values were determined by fitting the models to adsorption period data then checked by comparing measured and predicted behavior during desorption. The adequacy of each model was evaluated using a goodness of fit parameter calculated for each period.Results indicate that sorption usually does not greatly affect indoor concentrations of methyl-tert-butyl ether, 2-butanone, isoprene and benzene. In contrast, sorption appears to be a relevant indoor process for many of the VOCs studied, including C8–C10 aromatic hydrocarbons (HC), terpenes, and pyridine. These compounds sorbed at rates close to typical residential air change rates and exhibited substantial sorptive partitioning at equilibrium. Polycyclic aromatic HCs, aromatic alcohols, ethenylpyridine and nicotine initially adsorbed to surfaces at rates of 1.5–>6 h−1 and partitioned 95–>99% in the sorbed phase at equilibrium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - CIGARETTE smokers
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - TERPENES
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Desorption
KW  - Hazardous air pollutants
KW  - Indoor air quality
KW  - Residential
KW  - Tobacco smoke tracers
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 12816092; Singer, Brett C.; Email Address: bcsinger@lbl.gov Revzan, Kenneth L. 1 Hotchi, Toshifumi 1 Hodgson, Alfred T. 1 Brown, Nancy J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Sciences, Indoor Environment Departments, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 38 Issue 16, p2483; Subject Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: CIGARETTE smokers; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: TERPENES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous air pollutants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tobacco smoke tracers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile organic compounds; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.02.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patchett, P.J.
AU  - Vervoort, J.D.
AU  - Söderlund, U.
AU  - Salters, V.J.M.
T1  - Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd isotopic systematics in chondrites and their constraints on the Lu–Hf properties of the Earth
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 222
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - Sm–Nd and Lu–Hf isotopic data are presented for 19 chondritic meteorites: six carbonaceous chondrites, five L-chondrites, seven H-chondrites, and a single enstatite chondrite. The primary goal of the study is to better define the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE) reference values for Hf isotopes. Except for one sample with lower Sm/Nd, the Sm–Nd data define a cluster around the accepted reference values for chondrites and terrestrial planets, giving a mean 147Sm/144Nd of 0.1960±0.0005, and a mean 143Nd/144Nd of 0.512631±0.000010 (uncertainties are two standard errors). It seems appropriate to retain the presently accepted Sm–Nd reference parameters, 147Sm/144Nd=0.1966 and 143Nd/144Nd=0.512638 (when fractionation-corrected to 146Nd/144Nd=0.7219).Lu–Hf isotopic data are not clustered, but spread along an approximate 4.5-Ga isochron trend, with a range of 176Lu/177Hf from 0.0301 to 0.0354. The data are similar to many of the samples of chondrites presented by Bizzarro et al. [Nature 421 (2003) 931], but lack the range to lower Lu/Hf shown by those authors. Our chondrite data define a regression line of 4.44±0.34 Ga when 1.867×10−11 year−1 is used for the decay constant of 176Lu [Science 293 (2001) 683; Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 219 (2004) 311–324]. Combining our data with the main population of analyses from Bizzarro et al. [Nature 421 (2003) 931] yields 4.51±0.24 Ga. Unless samples of eucrite meteorites and deviating replicates of chondrites with 176Lu/177Hf less than 0.030 are employed, no combination of the main population of chondrite Lu–Hf data yields a regression with sufficiently low error to constrain the decay constant of 176Lu. Sample heterogeneity seems to hinder the acquisition of reproducible Lu–Hf analyses from small, manually ground pieces of chondrites, and we suggest that analysis of powders prepared from large volumes of meteorite will be needed to adequately characterize the Lu–Hf isotope systematics of chondritic reservoirs and of BSE. Our results for carbonaceous chondrites show higher average 176Lu/177Hf and 176Hf/177Hf than ordinary chondrites, and the mean of carbonaceous chondrites also coincides with replicate analyses of a powder representing a large volume of meteorite, the Allende powder from the Smithsonian Institution. Use of the carbonaceous chondrite mean for BSE Lu–Hf characteristics results in a BSE Hf–Nd point that lies well within the array of terrestrial compositions, and leads to plausible initial &epsiv;Hf values for Precambrian rocks. An improved objective resolution of meteorite data and of meteoritic models for the Earth needs to occur before BSE can be established for Lu–Hf. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBONACEOUS chondrites (Meteorites)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - PLANETS
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - bulk silicate earth
KW  - chondrites
KW  - Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd isotopic systematics
N1  - Accession Number: 12964671; Patchett, P.J. 1; Email Address: patchett@geo.arizona.edu Vervoort, J.D. 1 Söderlund, U. 1 Salters, V.J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Geological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 222 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: CARBONACEOUS chondrites (Meteorites); Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: PLANETS; Subject Term: SILICATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: bulk silicate earth; Author-Supplied Keyword: chondrites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd isotopic systematics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.02.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarret, Géraldine
AU  - Balesdent, Jérome
AU  - Bouziri, Lamia
AU  - Garnier, Jean-Marie
AU  - Marcus, Matthew A.
AU  - Geoffroy, Nicolas
AU  - Panfili, Frédéric
AU  - Alain Manceau
T1  - Zn Speciation in the Organic Horizon of a Contaminated Soil by Micro-X-ray Fluorescence, Micro-and Powder-EXAFS Spectroscopy, and Isotopic Dilution.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2792
EP  - 2801
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Soils that have been acutely contaminated by heavy metals show distinct characteristics, such as colonization by metal-tolerant plant species and topsoil enrichment in weakly degraded plant debris, because biodegradation processes are strongly inhibited by contamination. Such an organic topsoil, located downwind of an active zinc smelter and extremely rich in Zn (∼2%, dry weight), was investigated by X-ray diffraction, synchrotron-based X-ray microfluorescence, and powder- and micro-extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy for Zn speciation and by isotopic dilution for Zn lability. EXAFS spectra recorded on size fractions and on selected spots of thin sections were analyzed by principal component analysis and linear combination fits. Although Zn primary minerals (franklinite, sphalerite, and willemite) are still present (∼15% of total Zn) in the bulk soil, Zn was found to be predominantly speciated as Zn-organic matter complexes (∼45%), outer-sphere complexes (∼20%), Zn-sorbed phosphate (∼10%), and Zn-sorbed iron oxyhydroxides (∼10%). The bioaccumulated Zn fraction is likely complexed to soil organic matter after the plants' death. The proportion of labile Zn ranges from 54 to 92%, depending on the soil fraction, in agreement with the high proportion of organically bound Zn. Oespite its marked lability, Zn seems to be retained in the topsoil thanks to the huge content of organic matter, which confersto this horizon a high sorption capacity. The speciation of Zn in this organic soil horizon is compared with that found in other types of soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Plant species
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Classification of plants
KW  - Synchrotrons
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
N1  - Accession Number: 13371739; Sarret, Géraldine 1; Email Address: gsarret@ujf-grenoble.fr; Balesdent, Jérome 2; Bouziri, Lamia 2; Garnier, Jean-Marie 3; Marcus, Matthew A. 4; Geoffroy, Nicolas 1; Panfili, Frédéric 1; Alain Manceau 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Geochemistry Group, LGIT University of Grenoble and CNRS, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France.; 2: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne de la Rhizosphere, UMR CNRS/CEA, no. 163 CEA DEVM Centre de Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul lez Durance, Cedex, France.; 3: Universite Aix Marseille 3, CNRS, CEREGE, 13545 Aix en Provence, France.; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, MS 6-2100, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p2792; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Plant species; Subject Term: Biochemistry; Subject Term: Classification of plants; Subject Term: Synchrotrons; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Catalano, Jeffrey G.
AU  - Heald, Steven M.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Brown, Gordon E.
T1  - Spectroscopic and Diffraction Study of Uranium Speciation in Contaminated Vadose Zone Sediments from the Hanford Site, Washington State.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2822
EP  - 2828
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Contamination of vadose zone sediments under tank BX-102 at the Hanford site, Washington, resulted from the accidental release of 1-8 metric tons of uranium dissolved in caustic aqueous sludge in 1951. We have applied synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopic and diffraction techniques to characterize the speciation of uranium in samples of these contaminated sediments. U LIII-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopic studies demonstrate that uranium occurs predominantly as a uranium-(VI) silicate from the uranophane group of minerals. XAFS cannot distinguish between the members of this mineral group due to the near identical local coordination environments of uranium in these phases. However, these phases differ crystallographically, and can be distinguished using X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. As the concentration of uranium was too low for conventional XRD to detect these phases, X-ray microdiffraction (μXRD) was used to collect diffraction patterns on ∼20 μm diameter areas of localized high uranium concentration found using microscanning X-ray fluorescence (μSXRF). Only sodium boltwoodite, Na(UO2)(SiO3OH)-1.5H2O, was observed; no other uranophane group minerals were present Sodium boltwoodite formation has effectively sequestered uranium in these sediments under the current geochemical and hydrologic conditions. Attempts to remediate the uranium contamination will likely face significant difficulties because of the speciation and distribution of uranium in the sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Sedimentation & deposition
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Analytical geochemistry
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
N1  - Accession Number: 13371742; Catalano, Jeffrey G. 1; Email Address: catalano@pangea.stanford.edu; Heald, Steven M. 2; Zachara, John M. 3; Brown, Gordon E.; Affiliations: 1: Surface and Aqueous Geochemistry Group, Department Of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2115.; 2: PNC-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; 3: Environmental Dynamics & Simulation, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-96, Richland, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p2822; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Actinide elements; Thesaurus Term: Sedimentation & deposition; Thesaurus Term: Hydrology; Subject Term: Analytical geochemistry; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Krakauer, D.
AU  - Loizides, J. H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Miglioranzi, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M. C. K.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
T1  - Search for QCD-instanton induced events in deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 265
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - A search for QCD-instanton-induced events in deep inelastic ep scattering has been performed with the ZEUS detector at the HERA collider, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 38 pb-1. A kinematic range defined by cuts on the photon virtuality, Q2 > 120 GeV2, and on the Bjorken scaling variable, x > 10-3, has been investigated. The QCD-instanton induced events were modelled by the Monte Carlo generator QCDINS. A background-independent, conservative 95% confidence level upper limit for the instanton cross section of 26 pb is obtained, to be compared with the theoretically expected value of 8.9 pb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - INSTANTONS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - WAVE equation
N1  - Accession Number: 16767688; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Krakauer, D. 1 Loizides, J. H. 1,2 Magill, S. 1 Miglioranzi, S. 1,2 Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R. 1 Mattingly, M. C. K. 3 Antonioli, P. 4 Bari, G. 4 Basile, M. 4 Bellagamba, L. 4 Boscherini, D. 4 Bruni, A. 4 Bruni, G. 4 Cara Romeo, G. 4 Cifarelli, L. 4 Cindolo, F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4815, USA  2: University College London, London UK  3: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104-0380, USA  4: University and INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p255; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: INSTANTONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: WAVE equation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2004-01735-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pin Yang
AU  - Burns, George R.
AU  - Junpeng Guo
AU  - Ting Shan Luk
AU  - Vawter, G. Allen
T1  - Femtosecond laser-pulse-induced birefringence in optically isotropic glass.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5280
EP  - 5283
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We used a regeneratively amplified Ti: sapphire femtosecond laser to create optical birefringence in an isotropic glass medium. Between two crossed polarizers, regions modified by the femtosecond laser show bright transmission with respect to the dark background of the isotropic glass. This observation immediately suggests that these regions possess optical birefringence. The angular dependence of transmission through the laser-modified region is consistent with that of an optically birefringent material. Experimental results indicate that the optical axes of laser-induced birefringence can be controlled by the polarization direction of the femtosecond laser. The amount of laser-induced birefringence depends on the pulse energy level and number of accumulated pulses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - DOUBLE refraction
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13029396; Pin Yang 1 Burns, George R. 1 Junpeng Guo 1 Ting Shan Luk 1 Vawter, G. Allen 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 10, p5280; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: DOUBLE refraction; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1707231
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucheyev, S.O.
AU  - Timmers, H.
AU  - Zhou, J.
AU  - Williams, J.S.
AU  - Jagadish, C.
AU  - Li, G.
T1  - Lattice damage produced in GaN by swift heavy ions.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5360
EP  - 5365
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Wurtzite GaN epilayers bombarded at 300 K with 200 MeV 197 Au 16+ ions are studied by a combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Rutherford backscattering/channeling spectrometry (RBS/C). Results reveal the formation of near-continuous tracks propagating throughout the entire∼ 1.5-µ m-thick GaN film. These tracks,∼ 100Å in diameter, exhibit a large degree of structural disordering but do not appear to be amorphous. Throughout the bombarded epilayer, high-resolution TEM reveals planar defects which are parallel to the basal plane of the GaN film. The gross level of lattice disorder, as measured by RBS/C, gradually increases with increasing ion fluence up to∼ 10 13 cm-2. Based on these results, physical mechanisms of the formation of lattice disorder in GaN in such a high electronic stopping power regime are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR films
N1  - Accession Number: 13029383; Kucheyev, S.O. 1; Email Address: kucheyev1@llnl.gov Timmers, H. 2 Zhou, J. 3 Williams, J.S. 4 Jagadish, C. 4 Li, G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California  2: School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Australia  3: Division of Materials and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Australia  4: Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Australia  5: Ledex Corporation, Ta-Fa Industrial District, China; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 10, p5360; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR films; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1703826
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Windisch Jr., Charles F.
AU  - Exarhos, Gregory J.
AU  - Owings, Robert R.
T1  - Vibrational spectroscopic study of the site occupancy distribution of cations in nickel cobalt oxides.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5435
EP  - 5442
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Mid-infrared, far-infrared, and Raman spectra for Ni 1-x Co x O y indicated the systematic variation from a spinel-type (x 1.0) to an inverse spinel-type (x 0.67) lattice, through a multiphase transition region, to an NaCl-type (x< 0.25) structure. Further analysis reveals that a decrease in x in this system is accompanied by the formation of octahedral/Ni 2+, which, in the case of spinel compositions Ni 1-x Co x O 4/3 (x 0.67 to 1.0), results in substitution of Co 3+ into tetrahedral sites and/or the redistribution of charge around some of the oxygen ions. The proposed transition region explains the observed break in continuity, at around x 0.5, in the previously reported resistivity data for nickel cobalt oxide films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL compounds
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - SPINEL
N1  - Accession Number: 13029373; Windisch Jr., Charles F. 1 Exarhos, Gregory J. 1 Owings, Robert R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington  2: University of Florida, Florida; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 10, p5435; Subject Term: NICKEL compounds; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: SPINEL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1699505
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patterson, Reed
AU  - Saw, Cheng K.
AU  - Akella, Jagannadham
T1  - Static high-pressure structural studies on Dy to 119 GPa.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5443
EP  - 5446
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Structural phase transitions in the rare-earth metal dysprosium have been studied in a diamond anvil cell to 119 GPa by x-ray diffraction. Four transformations following the sequence hcp→ Sm-type→ dhcp→ hR24 (hexagonal)→ bcm (monoclinic) are observed at 6, 15, 43, and 73 GPa, respectively. The hexagonal to monoclinic transformation is accompanied by a 6% reduction in volume, which is attributed to delocalization of the 4f electrons, similar to that seen in Ce, Pr, and Gd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - DYSPROSIUM
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13029372; Patterson, Reed 1 Saw, Cheng K. 1 Akella, Jagannadham 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 10, p5443; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: DYSPROSIUM; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1699489
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinnaduwage, L.A.
AU  - Wig, A.
AU  - Hedden, D.L.
AU  - Gehl, A.
AU  - Yi, D.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Lareau, R.T.
T1  - Detection of trinitrotoluene via deflagration on a microcantilever.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5871
EP  - 5875
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We describe in detail the detection of deflagration of trinitrotoluene (TNT) deposited on a piezoresistive microcantilever and point out its possible use for explosive-vapor detection. The deflagration of TNT causes the cantilever to bend (due to released heat) and its resonance frequency to shift (due to mass unloading). Explosive vapors provide unique responses that are absent for" interferences" such as water or alcohol vapors. The proposed sensor makes possible a sensitive, miniature explosives detection device that may be deployed in large numbers. The minimum amount of TNT detected on the cantilever depends on the cantilever dimensions and was≈ 50 pg for the batch of cantilevers used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TNT (Chemical)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - WATER
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13029309; Pinnaduwage, L.A. 1; Email Address: llp@ornl.gov Wig, A. 1 Hedden, D.L. 1 Gehl, A. 1 Yi, D. 2 Thundat, T. 1 Lareau, R.T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Tennessee  2: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee  3: Transportation Security Administration, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, New Jersey; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 10, p5871; Subject Term: TNT (Chemical); Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: VAPORS; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1697619
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029309&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - Jiles, D.C.
AU  - Tan, C.H.
AU  - Ng, B.K.
AU  - Rees, G.J.
AU  - Robbins, D.J.
AU  - Herbert, D.C.
T1  - Erratum: Modeling of the magnetomechanical effect: Application of the Rayleigh law to the stress domain [J. Appl. Phys. 93, 8480 (2003)].
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 10
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 5934
EP  - 5934
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Presents a correction to the article "Modeling of the Magnetomechanical Effect: Application of the Rayleigh Law to the Stress Domain," that was previously published in the "Journal of Applied Physics."
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13029296; Li, L. 1 Jiles, D.C. 2; Email Address: gauss@ameslab.gov Tan, C.H. Ng, B.K. Rees, G.J. Robbins, D.J. Herbert, D.C.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Iowa  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Iowa, Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University, Iowa; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 10, p5934; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688987
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, Benjamin R.
AU  - Reimer, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
AU  - Janicke, Michael T.
AU  - Ott, Kevin C.
T1  - Nitrous oxide decomposition and surface oxygen formation on Fe-ZSM-5
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 224
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 148
SN  - 00219517
AB  - An investigation was conducted of the decomposition of N2O over Fe-ZSM-5. The zeolite used in this study was prepared with Fe and Al in the framework and is designated as Fe/Al-MFI (Si/Al=84 and Fe/Al=0.38). The as-prepared material was then calcined to remove the templating agent and pretreated at temperatures up to 1123 K. EXAFS characterization of the pretreated catalyst indicates that Fe is present as isolated Fe cations at cation-exhchange sites associated with framework Al. Above 548 K, N2O decomposes stoichiometrically to N2 and O2, but below 548 K, N2O decomposes to adsorbed oxygen and gas-phase N2. Surface oxygen loadings are in the range of O/Fe<f>total=0.10</f>–0.14. For the stoichiometric decomposition of N2O to N2 and O2, the calculated values of the apparent activation energy and the preexponential factor are 44.2 kcal/mol and <f>9.9×108</f> mol N2O/(s mol Fe<f>total</f> Pa N2O), respectively. The first step in the overall decomposition sequence is the dissociative adsorption of N2O to produce N2 and an adsorbed O atom. The activation energy for this step is 16.8 kcal/mol and the preexponential factor is <f>1.4×101</f> mol N2O/(s mol Fe<f>total</f> Pa N2O). The desorption of O2 from iron sites occurs with an apparent activation energy of 45.7 kcal/mol and a preexponential factor of <f>8.9×1012</f> mol O2<f>/(</f>s mol Fetotal). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - Fe-ZSM-5
KW  - N2O
N1  - Accession Number: 12899807; Wood, Benjamin R. 1 Reimer, Jeffrey A. 1 Bell, Alexis T. 1; Email Address: bell@cchem.berkeley.edu Janicke, Michael T. 2 Ott, Kevin C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 224 Issue 1, p148; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe-ZSM-5; Author-Supplied Keyword: N2O; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.02.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaramillo, Eugenio
AU  - Wu, David T.
AU  - Grest, Gary S.
AU  - Curro, John G.
T1  - Anomalous mixing behavior of polyisobutylene/polypropylene blends: Molecular dynamics simulation study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 8883
EP  - 8886
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The unusual mixing behavior of polyisobutylene (PIB) with head-to-head (hhPP) and head-to-tail Polypropylene (PP) is studied using large-scale molecular dynamics (MD). The heats of mixing and Flory x parameters were computed from MD simulations of both blends using a united atom model. The x parameters from the simulations were estimated from the structure factors using the random phase approximation in analogy with neutron scattering (SANS) experiments. MD simulations for syndiotactic hhPP/PIB predicted a lower critical solution temperature with a x parameter in very good agreement with SANS experiments on the atactic hhPP/PIB blend. MD simulations also predicted that the isotactic PP/PIB blend was immiscible at high molecular weight in qualitative agreement with cloud point measurements on atactic PP/PIB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYPROPYLENE
KW  - BUTENE
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MIXING
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
N1  - Accession Number: 12969441; Jaramillo, Eugenio 1 Wu, David T. 1 Grest, Gary S. 2 Curro, John G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry & Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuguerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 19, p8883; Subject Term: POLYPROPYLENE; Subject Term: BUTENE; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MIXING; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: MOLECULAR weights; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313110 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1742761
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhai, Hua-Jin
AU  - Wang, Lai-Sheng
AU  - Jena, P.
AU  - Gutsev, G. L.
AU  - Bauschlicher Jr., C. W.
T1  - Competition between linear and cyclic structures in monochromium carbide clusters CrCn- and CrCn (n=2–8): A photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 8996
EP  - 9008
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) is combined with density functional theory (DFT) to study the monochromium carbide clusters CrCn- and CrCn (n = 2-8). Well-resolved PES spectra were obtained, yielding structural, electronic, and vibrational information about both the anionic and neutral clusters. Experimental evidence was observed for the coexistence of two isomers for CrC2-, CrC3-, CrC4- and CrC6-. Sham and well-resolved PES spectra were observed for CrCn- (n = 4,6,8), whereas broad spectra were observed for CrC5- and CrC7-. Extensive DFT calculations using the generalized gradient approximation were carried out for the ground and low-lying excited states of all the CrCn- and CrCn- species, as well as coupled-cluster calculations for CrC2- and CrC2. Theoretical electron affinities and vertical detachment energies were calculated and compared with the experimental data to help the assignment of the ground states and obtain structural information. We found that CrC2- and CrC3- each possess a close-lying cyclic and linear structure, which were both populated experimentally. For the larger CrCn-, clusters with n =4, 6, 8, linear structures are the overwhelming favorite, giving rise to the sharp PES spectral features. CrC7- was found to have a cyclic structure. The broad PES spectra of CrC5- suggested a cyclic structure, whereas the DFT results predicted a linear one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMIUM carbide
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 12969429; Zhai, Hua-Jin 1,2 Wang, Lai-Sheng 1,2; Email Address: Is.wang@pnl.gov Jena, P. 3 Gutsev, G. L. 4 Bauschlicher Jr., C. W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352  2: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352.  3: Physics Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2000.  4: Mail Stop 230-3, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035.; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 19, p8996; Subject Term: CHROMIUM carbide; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1701754
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Medvedev, Dmitry M.
AU  - Gray, Stephen K.
T1  - A new expression for the direct quantum mechanical evaluation of the thermal rate constant.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 9060
EP  - 9070
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Based on the formalism of Miller, Schwartz, and Tromp [J. Chem. Phys. 79,4889(1983)], we derive a new expression for the thermal rate constant for a chemical reaction. The expression involves an unperturbed, i.e., reactant or product channel Boltzmann operator for the imaginary time propagation, making it possible to compute efficiently the rate constant for a range of temperatures. We illustrate numerical aspects with an extensive study of the one-dimensional Eckart barrier problem, as well as a study of the three-dimensional (J=0) D+ H, problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - REACTIVITY (Chemistry)
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 12969424; Medvedev, Dmitry M. 1 Gray, Stephen K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 19, p9060; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: REACTIVITY (Chemistry); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1697392
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Viehland, Larry A.
AU  - Goeringer, Douglas E.
T1  - Kinetic theory of radio frequency quadrupole ion traps. I. Trapping of atomic ions in a pure atomic gas.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 9090
EP  - 9103
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A kinetic theory based on the Boltzmann equation is developed for the trapping of atomic ions in a radio-frequency quadrupole ion trap containing enough neutral atoms that ion-neutral collisions cannot he ignored. The collisions are treated at the same level of sophistication and detail as is used to deal with the time- and space-dependent electric fields in the trap. As a result, microscopic definitions are obtained for the damping and stochastic forces that originate from such collisions. These definitions contrast with corresponding phenomenological terms added ad hoc in previous treatments to create damped Mathieu and Langevin equations, respectively. Furthermore, the theory indicates that either collisional cooling or heating of the ions is possible, depending upon details of the ion-neutral mass ratios and interaction potential. The kinetic theory is not dependent on any special assumptions about the electric field strengths, the ion-neutral interaction potentials, or the ion-neutral mass ratio. It also provides an ab initio way to describe the ion kinetic energies, temperatures, and other properties by a series of successive approximations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - LANGEVIN equations
KW  - STOCHASTIC differential equations
KW  - IONS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 12969419; Viehland, Larry A. 1 Goeringer, Douglas E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Science, Chatham College, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6365.; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 19, p9090; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: LANGEVIN equations; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC differential equations; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1691405
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kathmann, Shawn M.
AU  - Schenter, Gregory K.
AU  - Garrett, Bruce C.
T1  - Multicomponent dynamical nucleation theory and sensitivity analysis.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 120
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 9133
EP  - 9141
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Vapor to liquid multicomponent nucleation is a dynamical process governed by a delicate interplay between condensation and evaporation. Since the population of the vapor phase is dominated by monomers at reasonable supersaturations, the formation of clusters is governed by monomer association and dissociation reactions. Although there is no intrinsic barrier in the interaction potential along the minimum energy path the the association process, the formation of a cluster is impeded by a free energy harrier. Dynamical nucleation theory provides a framework in which equilibrium evaporation rate constants can he calculated and the corresponding condensation rate constants determined from detailed balance. The nucleation rate can then he obtained by solving the kinetic equations. The rate constants governing the multistep kinetics of multicomponent nucleation including sensitivity analysis and the potential influence of contaminants will he presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - CONDENSATION
KW  - MOISTURE
KW  - EVAPORATION (Chemistry)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MONOMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 12969415; Kathmann, Shawn M. 1 Schenter, Gregory K. 1 Garrett, Bruce C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 5/15/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 19, p9133; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: CONDENSATION; Subject Term: MOISTURE; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1695323
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Booth, C.H.
AU  - Han, S.-W.
AU  - Süllow, S.
AU  - Mydosh, J.A.
T1  - Local lattice symmetry of spin-glass and antiferromagnetic <f>URh2Ge2</f>
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 941
EP  - 942
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Polarized X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) data are reported for Rh and Ge K edges on antiferromagnetic and spin-glass samples of <f>URh2Ge2</f>. Proposed crystal structures have two possible kinds of layers for the Rh and Ge atoms. The XAFS data indicate that each species forms both kinds of layers and therefore the dominant phase has a crystal structure like that of <f>CaBe2Ge2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - <f>URh2Ge2</f>
KW  - Disordered materials
KW  - Heavy fermions
KW  - Spin glasses
KW  - XAFS
N1  - Accession Number: 13242750; Booth, C.H. 1; Email Address: chbooth@lbl.gov Han, S.-W. 1 Süllow, S. 2 Mydosh, J.A. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd. MS 70A-1150, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institut fur Metallphysik und Nukleare Festkoerperphysik, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany  3: Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands  4: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p941; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>URh2Ge2</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disordered materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: XAFS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Long, V.C.
AU  - Schundler, E.C.
AU  - Makumbe, P.O.
AU  - Wei, X.
AU  - Landee, C.P.
AU  - Turnbull, M.M.
T1  - Magnetic field-induced changes in the electronic absorption intensities of NENB
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 968
EP  - 969
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Ni[C2H8N2]2NO2BF4 (NENB) is isostructural to Ni[C2H8N2]2NO2ClO4, a prototypical Haldane compound. We report the polarized optical transmittance of NENB as a function of applied magnetic field (<f>H</f>) up to 30 T. Electronic absorption intensities become modified above the critical field (<f>Hc≈7.5–10.5</f> T, as determined from weak kinks in the magnetization data). For <f>H>Hc</f>, the intensities of Ni2+ <f>d–d</f> excitations in both polarizations are diminished, whereas the charge transfer transition along the nickel chain is enhanced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - 78.20.Ls
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Haldane compound
KW  - Magnetization
KW  - NENB
KW  - NENP
KW  - Spin glass
KW  - Transmittance
N1  - Accession Number: 13242768; Long, V.C. 1; Email Address: vclong@colby.edu Schundler, E.C. 1 Makumbe, P.O. 1 Wei, X. 2 Landee, C.P. 3 Turnbull, M.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, 5865 Mayfower Hill Drive, Colby College, Waterville, ME 04901-8858, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Department of Physics and Carlson School of Chemistry, 950 Main Street, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01060, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p968; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NICKEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.20.Ls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Haldane compound; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: NENB; Author-Supplied Keyword: NENP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmittance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lascialfari, A.
AU  - Borsa, F.
AU  - Julien, M.-H.
AU  - Micotti, E.
AU  - Furukawa, Y.
AU  - Jang, Z.H.
AU  - Cornia, A.
AU  - Gatteschi, D.
AU  - Horvatic, M.
AU  - Van Slageren, J.
T1  - Spin dynamics at level crossing in molecular AF rings probed by NMR
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 1042
EP  - 1047
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The low-temperature spin dynamics in molecular rings with a finite number (<f>N⩽10</f>) of magnetic ions was studied by means of 1H NMR. When an external magnetic field (<f>B</f>) induces a crossing between energy levels, peaks are observed in the spin–lattice relaxation rate of protons, <f>1/T1(B)</f>, at constant temperature. We discuss similarities and differences in the data from three different rings: Fe10, Fe6:Li and Cr8. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - 75.45.+j
KW  - Magnetic ring
KW  - Nuclear relaxation rate
KW  - Quantum tunneling
N1  - Accession Number: 13242806; Lascialfari, A. 1; Email Address: lascialfari@fisicavolta.unipv.it Borsa, F. 1,2 Julien, M.-H. 3 Micotti, E. 1 Furukawa, Y. 4 Jang, Z.H. 2 Cornia, A. 5 Gatteschi, D. 6 Horvatic, M. 7 Van Slageren, J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics “A. Volta” and Unità INFM, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 6, Pavia I-27100, Italy  2: Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  3: Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique, Université J. Fourier, Grenoble F-38402, France  4: Division of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan  5: Department of Chemistry and Unità INSTM, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 183, Modena I-41100, Italy  6: Department of Chemistry and Unità INSTM, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 5, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), I-50019, Italy  7: Grenoble High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CNRS and MPI-FKF, Grenoble F-38042, France; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p1042; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: SPIN waves; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.45.+j; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic ring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear relaxation rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum tunneling; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coldea, A.I.
AU  - Bangura, A.F.
AU  - Singleton, J.
AU  - Ardavan, A.
AU  - Akutsu-Sato, A.
AU  - Akutsu, H.
AU  - S. Turner, S.
AU  - Day, P.
T1  - The role of magnetic ions on the magnetotransport properties of the charge-transfer salts <f>β″</f>-BEDT-<f>TTF4[(H3O)M(C2O4)3]C5H5N</f> where <f>M=Ga3+</f>, <f>Cr3+</f> or <f>Fe3+</f>
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 1062
EP  - 1064
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We report high-field magnetotransport measurements on <f>β″</f>-BEDT-<f>TTF4[(H3O)M(C2O4)3]C5H5N</f>, where <f>M=Ga3+</f>, <f>Cr3+</f> or <f>Fe3+</f>. In spite of the differing <f>M</f> ions, these compounds have very similar Fermi surfaces. We observe four distinct Shubnikov–de Haas frequencies, corresponding to four Fermi-surface pockets; the frequencies exhibit the additive relationship expected for a compensated semimetal. The compounds show paramagnetic behaviour and no superconductivity down to <f>0.5 K</f>, in contrast to other materials of the same family with different solvent molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC ions
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Magnetisation
KW  - Organic metals
KW  - Quantum oscillations
N1  - Accession Number: 13242819; Coldea, A.I. 1; Email Address: a.coldea1@physics.ox.ac.uk Bangura, A.F. 1 Singleton, J. 2 Ardavan, A. 1 Akutsu-Sato, A. 3 Akutsu, H. 3 S. Turner, S. 3 Day, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, TA-35, MS-E536 NM87545, USA  3: Davy-Faraday Research Laboratory, The Royal Institution, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1X 4BS, UK; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p1062; Subject Term: MAGNETIC ions; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum oscillations; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.104
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Micotti, E.
AU  - Procissi, D.
AU  - Lascialfari, A.
AU  - Carretta, P.
AU  - Kögerler, P.
AU  - Borsa, F.
AU  - Luban, M.
AU  - Baines, C.
T1  - NMR and μSR investigation of spin dynamics in {Mo72Fe30} molecular clusters
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 1099
EP  - 1101
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We present μ+SR and proton NMR data on the molecular cluster {Mo72Fe30} in its standard form (std-Fe30) and in its layered form (lay-Fe30) where the quasi-spherical molecules form a grid. μ+SR experiments on std-Fe30 as a function of the magnetic field at <f>T≈30</f> mK showed that the muon asymmetry has two components, corresponding to different muon sites, near and far from the magnetic ions. At the level crossing we observed an onset of local fields but no anomaly in the relaxation rate. Also a small effect of the spin topology was observed by means of 1H NMR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - MUON spin rotation
KW  - Level crossing
KW  - MuSR
KW  - Nanomagnet
KW  - Proton NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 13242843; Micotti, E. 1; Email Address: micotti@fisicavolta.unipv.it Procissi, D. 2 Lascialfari, A. 1 Carretta, P. 1 Kögerler, P. 2 Borsa, F. 1,2 Luban, M. 2 Baines, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Dip. di Fisica “A.Volta”, Università di Pavia, and Unità INFM, Via Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy  2: Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA  3: Paul Scherrer Institute,CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p1099; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: MUON spin rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Level crossing; Author-Supplied Keyword: MuSR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanomagnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton NMR; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krusin-Elbaum, L.
AU  - Shibauchi, T.
AU  - Argyle, B.
AU  - Vinokur, V.M.
AU  - Terris, B.D.
T1  - Controlling jaggedness of magnetic domains with linear defects
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 1140
EP  - 1144
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Thin magnetic films with the out-of-plane anisotropy are more robust against thermal flips of nanosized domains than the in-plane spin geometry, and thus promising for ultra-high-density magnetic recording. However, dense packing of the small bits is limited by the domain wall roughness. Here we demonstrate that a correlated (line) defect directs and deroughens a field-driven wall, bringing it to a halt in the defect''s vicinity. Scaling analysis of reduced jaggedness points to a simple way to control nanodomains for recording media. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Anisotropy perpendicular
KW  - Domain wall motion
KW  - Kerr measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 13242862; Krusin-Elbaum, L. 1; Email Address: krusin@us.ibm.com Shibauchi, T. 2 Argyle, B. 1 Vinokur, V.M. 3 Terris, B.D. 4; Affiliation:  1: IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Route 134, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA  2: Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95120, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p1140; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy perpendicular; Author-Supplied Keyword: Domain wall motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kerr measurement; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.1392
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seppälä, E.T.
AU  - Alava, M.J.
AU  - Sillanpää, I.J.
T1  - Domain walls in random field Ising magnets: wetting
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 1286
EP  - 1287
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Domain walls in random-field Ising magnets can be investigated in groundstates into which walls are induced by prepared boundary conditions. We outline recent progress, and new results on (domain wall) wetting in random field systems. This is studied in fixed disorder configurations in the presence of an external field, which is varied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - ISING model
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - 05.50.+q
KW  - Domain walls
KW  - Quenched randomness
KW  - Random field Ising model
KW  - Wetting
N1  - Accession Number: 13242941; Seppälä, E.T. 1 Alava, M.J. 2,3; Email Address: mikko.alava@hut.fi Sillanpää, I.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-415, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Laboratory of Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 1100, FIN-02015 HUT Espoo, Finland  3: SMC-INFM, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 2 00185 Roma, Italy; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p1286; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Subject Term: ISING model; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 05.50.+q; Author-Supplied Keyword: Domain walls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quenched randomness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random field Ising model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetting; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.071
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, F.
AU  - Matsuda, M.
AU  - Katano, S.
AU  - Yoshizawa, H.
AU  - Belanger, D.P.
AU  - Seppälä, E.T.
AU  - Fernandez-Baca, J.A.
AU  - Alava, M.J.
T1  - Percolation fractal dimension in scattering line shapes of the random-field Ising model
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 1298
EP  - 1299
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Neutron scattering and simulation line shape data show evidence for fractal structure from spanning clusters in the <f>d=2</f> and 3 random-field Ising models as realized in dilute antiferromagnets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISING model
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MAGNETIC crystals
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Percolation
KW  - Random-field Ising model
N1  - Accession Number: 13242949; Ye, F. 1; Email Address: dave@dave.ucsc.edu Matsuda, M. 2 Katano, S. 2 Yoshizawa, H. 3 Belanger, D.P. 1 Seppälä, E.T. 4 Fernandez-Baca, J.A. 5 Alava, M.J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  2: Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  3: Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Shirakata 106-1, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-415, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  5: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  6: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università “La Sapienza”, P. le A. Moro 2, Roma 00185, Italy; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p1298; Subject Term: ISING model; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Percolation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random-field Ising model; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.081
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Granroth, G.E.
AU  - Mandrus, D.
AU  - Keppens, V.
AU  - Nagler, S.E.
T1  - Long- and short-range magnetic order in the spinel <f>Co2Ru1-xMnxO4</f>
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 1306
EP  - 1307
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Neutron scattering measurements were performed on the <f>x=0</f>, 0.5, and 0.7 concentrations of the insulating spinel <f>Co2Ru1-xMnxO4</f>. The experiments show that the <f>x=0.7</f> system orders as a long-range ferrimagnet, the <f>x=0.5</f> system has a ground state that is a mix of long-range ferrimagnetic order and short-range order, and the <f>x=0</f> system only possesses short-range order. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - FERRIMAGNETISM
KW  - Ferrimagnets
KW  - Magnetic frustration
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Spinels
N1  - Accession Number: 13242953; Granroth, G.E. 1,2; Email Address: granrothge@sns.gov Mandrus, D. 2 Keppens, V. 3 Nagler, S.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6474, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Physics, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p1306; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: FERRIMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferrimagnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic frustration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spinels; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.1051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bracchi, A.
AU  - Schneider, S.
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P.
AU  - Samwer, K.
T1  - Cooling rate-dependent microstructure and magnetic properties of the glass forming alloy <f>Nd60Fe30Al10</f>
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 272-276
M3  - Article
SP  - 1423
EP  - 1424
SN  - 03048853
AB  - In order to clarify the relation between preparation technique, microstructure and magnetic behavior in glass forming systems, <f>Nd60Fe30Al10</f> thin foils and bulk samples were investigated and the cooling rate dependence of the coercive field is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - Domain wall pinning
KW  - Hard magnetic property
KW  - NdFeAl metallic glass
KW  - Random anisotropy model
N1  - Accession Number: 13243017; Bracchi, A. 1; Email Address: abracch@gwdg.de Schneider, S. 2 Thiyagarajan, P. 3 Samwer, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany  2: IV. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 272-276, p1423; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Domain wall pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hard magnetic property; Author-Supplied Keyword: NdFeAl metallic glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random anisotropy model; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.146
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matranga
AU  - C.
AU  - Bockrath
AU  - B.
T1  - Permanent Trapping of CO2 in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized by the HiPco Process.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6170
EP  - 6174
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Infrared spectroscopy is used to study trapped and physisorbed CO2 in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles (SWNTs) synthesized by the HiPco process. CO2 is entrapped within the SWNTs by acid oxidation of the unpurified sample followed by vacuum heating to 700 K. The trapped CO2 has a single ν3 mode at 2327 cm-1, is stable during temperature cycling from 77 to 700 K, and remains after venting to room air. CO2 physisorption studies show a ν3 mode at 2330 cm-1 for the as-received HiPco samples, 2340 cm-1 for the acid-oxidized sample, and 2327 and 2340 cm-1 for the oxidized sample after vacuum heating. The sites responsible for the infrared peaks of the physisorbed and trapped species are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - ACID deposition
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13151550; Matranga C. 1 Bockrath B. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 108 Issue 20, p6170; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: ACID deposition; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parilla
AU  - P. A.
AU  - Dillon
AU  - A. C.
AU  - Parkinson
AU  - B. A.
AU  - Jones
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Alleman
AU  - J.
AU  - Riker
AU  - G.
AU  - Ginley
AU  - D. S.
AU  - Heben
AU  - M. J.
T1  - Formation of Nanooctahedra in Molybdenum Disulfide and Molybdenum Diselenide Using Pulsed Laser Vaporization.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6197
EP  - 6207
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Pulsed laser vaporization has been used to produce nanooctahedra of MoS2 and MoSe2. The nanooctahedra primarily form in two- or three-layer nested octahedra, although nesting up to five layers has been observed. Tilting the TEM sample stage and mapping how the images of single particles transformed provided the evidence to verify their octahedral geometry. Analysis of 30 two- and three-layered octahedra showed that their outer edge lengths clustered at ~3.8 nm and ~5.1 nm, respectively. This discreet sizing and the high symmetry of these closed nanooctahedra represent the closest inorganic analogy yet to the carbon fullerenes. The geometrical implications for forming octahedra from these layered compounds are investigated by considering different atomic arrangements assuming either trigonal prismatic or octahedral coordination around the Mo atom and yields two possible configurations for the actual structure of the nanooctahedra. A preliminary survey of pulsed laser vaporization of other layered metal chalcogenides shows that these dichalcogenides differ in their tendency to form small closed layered fullerene-like structures. These materials can be ranked from highest tendency to lowest as follows:  NbSe2, WS2, WSe2, SnS2, TaS2, GaS, ReS2, and MoTe2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - SELENIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 13151554; Parilla P. A. 1 Dillon A. C. 1 Parkinson B. A. 1 Jones K. M. 1 Alleman J. 1 Riker G. 1 Ginley D. S. 1 Heben M. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Chemistry Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 108 Issue 20, p6197; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: SELENIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roberts
AU  - R. M.
AU  - Cleland
AU  - T. J.
AU  - Gray
AU  - P. C.
AU  - Ambrosiano
AU  - J. J.
T1  - Hidden Markov Model for Competitive Binding and Chain Elongation.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6228
EP  - 6232
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Many chemical systems of interest consist of sets of reactions that contain iterated sequences that elongate a molecular chain. For example, such sets of reactions are commonly found in the transcription of DNA or the translation of RNA. However, there are competitive reactions that can prematurely terminate the chain-elongation process. A hidden Markov method appropriate for modeling chains of reactions with competitive processes (i.e., premature chain termination) is developed. The method is an extension of a hidden Markov model suggested by Gibson and Bruck (J. Phys. Chem. A 2000, 104, 1876). The equivalence between results using this method and results from simulation of a system employing the full set of reactions will be demonstrated (Gillespie, D. T. Markov Processes:  An Introduction for Physical Scientists; Academic:  San Diego, CA, 1992). Examples of its use are shown for several test problems. As an example of a practical application, a comparison among results for a model of terminal modification of ligand-aggregated receptors (Hlavacek, W.; Redondo, A.; Wofsy, C.; Goldstein, B. Bull. Math. Biol. 2002, 64, 887) simulated by ordinary differential equations, the full set of reactions, and the hidden Markov method are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARKOV processes
KW  - DNA
KW  - ADDITION polymerization
KW  - GENETIC transcription
N1  - Accession Number: 13151558; Roberts R. M. 1 Cleland T. J. 1 Gray P. C. 1 Ambrosiano J. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 108 Issue 20, p6228; Subject Term: MARKOV processes; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: ADDITION polymerization; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Westerberg
AU  - S.
AU  - Wang
AU  - C.
AU  - Chou
AU  - K.
AU  - Somorjai
AU  - G. A.
T1  - High-Pressure Ammonia Adsorption and Dissociation on Clean Fe(111) and Oxygen-Precovered Fe(111) Studied by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6374
EP  - 6380
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The adsorption of gases N2, H2, O2, and NH3 that play a role in ammonia synthesis have been studied on the Fe(111) crystal surface by Sum Frequency Generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy using an integrated ultrahigh vacuum/high-pressure system. SFG spectra are presented for the dissociation intermediates, NH2 (~3325 cm-1) and NH (~3235 cm-1) under high pressure of ammonia (200 Torr) on the clean Fe(111) surface. Addition of 0.5 Torr of oxygen to 200 Torr of ammonia does not significantly change the bonding of dissociation intermediates to the surface. However, it leads to a phase change of nearly 180° between the resonant and nonresonant second-order nonlinear susceptibility of the surface, demonstrated as a reversal of the SFG spectral features. Heating the surface in the presence of 200 Torr of ammonia and 0.5 Torr of oxygen reduces the oxygen coverage, which can be seen from the SFG spectra as another relative phase change of 180°. The reduction of the oxide is also supported by Auger electron spectroscopy. The result suggests that the phase change of the spectral features could serve as a sensitive indicator of the chemical environment of the adsorbates. Clean Fe(111) is found to have a large SFG nonresonant signal. The magnitude of the nonresonant signal was dependent on the adsorption species; O2 and N2 decrease, while H2 and NH3 increase the SFG nonresonant signal. The change in nonresonant signal is correlated to the change in work function for Fe(111) upon adsorption. Adsorption-induced changes in the SFG nonresonant signal was used as an indicator of surface conditions and to monitor surface reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - AMMONIA
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - IRON
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13151578; Westerberg S. 1 Wang C. 1 Chou K. 1 Somorjai G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, Laboratory of Materials and Semiconductor Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Electrum 229, SE-164 40, Sweden, and Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 108 Issue 20, p6374; Subject Term: AMMONIA; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lei Zhang
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Mascola, John R.
AU  - Lewis, Mark G.
AU  - Stiegler, Gabriela
AU  - Katinger, Hermann
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
AU  - Davenport, Miles P.
T1  - Effects of Antibody on Viral Kinetics in Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Implications for Vaccination.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5520
EP  - 5522
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Passive antibody treatment of macaques prior to simian/human immunodeficiency virus infection produces ’sterilizing immunity’ in some animals and long-term reductions in viral loads in others. Analysis of viral kinetics suggests that antibody mediates sterilizing immunity by its effects on the initial viral inoculum. By contrast, reduction in peak viral load later in infection prevents CD4 depletion and contributes to long-term viral control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMIAN viruses
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - IMMUNITY
KW  - VIRAL load
KW  - CD4 antigen
KW  - VIROLOGY -- Research
N1  - Accession Number: 13232638; Lei Zhang 1 Ribeiro, Ruy M. 2 Mascola, John R. 3 Lewis, Mark G. 4 Stiegler, Gabriela 5 Katinger, Hermann 5 Perelson, Alan S. 2; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov Davenport, Miles P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital and Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia  2: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  3: Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland  4: BIOQUAL, Inc., Rockville, Maryland  5: Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Vienna, Austria; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 78 Issue 10, p5520; Subject Term: SIMIAN viruses; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: IMMUNITY; Subject Term: VIRAL load; Subject Term: CD4 antigen; Subject Term: VIROLOGY -- Research; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.10.5520-5522.2004
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berrah, N.
AU  - Bozek, J.D.
AU  - Bilodeau, R.C.
AU  - Kukk, E.
T1  - Studies of complex systems: from atoms to clusters
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 70
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - We have investigated with unprecedented levels of detail fundamental studies of dynamical processes and structure of few- and many-body complex systems at the atomic, molecular, and cluster level. This was achieved using inner-shell photodetachment and photoionization experiments using photoion, photoelectron, resonant Auger, resonant Raman Auger and electron-spin resolved experimental techniques coupled with the brightness, spectral resolution, and polarization of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The experimental results, which revealed new phenomena, are pushing the limits of third generation photon sources and are stimulating various enhanced theories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - INNER-shell ionization
KW  - ELECTRON-electron interactions
KW  - PHOTODETACHMENT threshold spectroscopy
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - Auger decay
KW  - doubly and triply excited states
KW  - Electron spin polarization
KW  - Electron–electron correlation
KW  - Electrons angular distribution
KW  - Inner-shell
KW  - Molecular-field splitting
KW  - Negative ions
KW  - Photodetachment
KW  - Photoionization
KW  - Post-collision interaction
KW  - Resonant Raman Auger spectroscopy
KW  - Shape resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 12815506; Berrah, N. 1; Email Address: berrah@wmich.edu Bozek, J.D. 2 Bilodeau, R.C. 1,2 Kukk, E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Western Michigan University, Everett Tower, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physical Sciences, Oulu University, Oulu FIN-90570, Finland; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1-3, p57; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: INNER-shell ionization; Subject Term: ELECTRON-electron interactions; Subject Term: PHOTODETACHMENT threshold spectroscopy; Subject Term: ANIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Auger decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: doubly and triply excited states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron spin polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron–electron correlation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrons angular distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inner-shell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular-field splitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photodetachment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Post-collision interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant Raman Auger spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape resonance; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.005
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunford, R.W.
AU  - Kanter, E.P.
AU  - Krässig, B.
AU  - Southworth, S.H.
AU  - Young, L.
T1  - Higher-order processes in X-ray photoionization and decay
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 70
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Over the past decade, modern synchrotron radiation sources have provided continuously tunable, intense well-collimated beams of hard X-rays. Our group has exploited such beams, in the energy range 2–100 keV, to study higher-order processes in atomic photoionization and vacancy decay which were hitherto difficult to observe and we review five specific examples of that work here. These topics include high-energy photoionization of helium, nondipolar photoionization, double K-shell ionization, two-photon decays of inner-shell vacancies, and nuclear excitations by electronic transition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Double-K ionization
KW  - He photoionization
KW  - Nondipole photoionization
KW  - Nuclear excitation by electronic transition (NEET)
KW  - Two-photon decay
KW  - X-ray photoionization
N1  - Accession Number: 12815511; Dunford, R.W. 1 Kanter, E.P. 1 Krässig, B. 1 Southworth, S.H.; Email Address: southworth@anl.gov Young, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1-3, p149; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-K ionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: He photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nondipole photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear excitation by electronic transition (NEET); Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-photon decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoionization; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.010
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratt, S.T.
T1  - Photoionization of excited states of molecules
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 70
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - This review focuses on the study of excited state photoionization dynamics for the characterization of the spectroscopy and decay dynamics of low-lying neutral excited states as well as autoionizing states of small polyatomic molecules. The review emphasizes the use of double-resonance excitation techniques to prepare selectively excited states of interest, and the use of energy dispersive photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize the states of interest through their photoionization dynamics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Excited states
KW  - Photoelectron
KW  - Photoionization
KW  - Spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12815527; Pratt, S.T. 1; Email Address: stpratt@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1-3, p435; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Excited states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.047
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peet, M.
AU  - Babu, S.S.
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H.
T1  - Three-dimensional atom probe analysis of carbon distribution in low-temperature bainite
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1277
SN  - 13596462
AB  - A bainitic microstructure with fine ferrite plates (20–40 nm) in a matrix of high-carbon retained austenite, obtained by isothermal transformation at 200 °C, was characterized with an energy-compensated optical position-sensitive three-dimensional atom probe. The average carbon concentration in the austenite was found to be 8.0 ± 1.6 at.% and in the bainitic ferrite 1.1 ± 0.7 at.%. The latter concentration is much higher than expected from paraequilibrium between austenite and ferrite, and the austenite carbon concentration is found to be slightly higher than the <f>T0</f> limit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FERRITE (Metallography)
KW  - AUSTENITE
KW  - PHYSICAL metallurgy
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 12559391; Peet, M. 1 Babu, S.S. 2; Email Address: babuss@ornl.gov Miller, M.K. 2 Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, UK  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 50 Issue 10, p1277; Subject Term: FERRITE (Metallography); Subject Term: AUSTENITE; Subject Term: PHYSICAL metallurgy; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.02.024
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, R.H.
AU  - Gertsman, V.Y.
AU  - Vetrano, J.S.
AU  - Windisch Jr., C.F.
T1  - Crack-particle interactions during intergranular stress corrosion of AA5083 as observed by cross-section transmission electron microscopy
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/05/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1355
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Studies of intergranular stress corrosion cracks growing in AA5083 aged to contain β-phase (Al3Mg2) particles at the grain boundary are reported. These studies have shown that for tests in a NaCl + K2CrO4 solution that β-phase particles are converted to Al2O3 particles and that the crack propagates through or around them. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - STRESS corrosion cracking
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Aluminum alloy
KW  - Crack-particle interactions
KW  - Intergranular stress corrosion
N1  - Accession Number: 12559406; Jones, R.H.; Email Address: rh.jones@pnl.gov Gertsman, V.Y. 1 Vetrano, J.S. 1 Windisch Jr., C.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS P8-15, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 50 Issue 10, p1355; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: STRESS corrosion cracking; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack-particle interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intergranular stress corrosion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.01.038
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kovarik, L.
AU  - Gouma, P.I.
AU  - Kisielowski, C.
AU  - Court, S.A.
AU  - Mills, M.J.
T1  - A HRTEM study of metastable phase formation in Al–Mg–Cu alloys during artificial aging
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 52
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2509
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Microstructure evolution of an age hardenable Al–3Mg–0.4Cu–0.12Si (wt%) alloy has been studied during artificial aging at 180 °C prior to the formation of the stable S-phase. The primary investigation method used in this study was high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), coupled with image processing and image simulation. After 1 h of aging, the presence of super-lattice reflections was detected in the Fourier spectra of the HRTEM images, suggesting an L10 type ordering of Mg and Cu atoms in the Al matrix. After 4 and 8 h of aging, coherent particles were observed in the microstructure. These particles give rise to diffraction spots that in previous literature have been considered to be characteristic of the S″-phase in the “Cu-lean” Al–Mg–Cu alloys. It is shown that these diffraction spots can be indexed in terms of a crystal structure that is closely related to the L10 ordering formed at the shorter aging times. The crystal structure is orthorhombic with lattice parameters <f>a=1.2</f> nm, <f>b=0.4</f> nm, <f>c=0.4</f> nm and space group Cmmm. We propose to identify these coherent particles as GPB-II zones, and the ordering that precedes them as GPB zones. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - COPPER
KW  - Age hardening
KW  - Al–Mg–Cu alloys
KW  - GPB zones
KW  - HRTEM
KW  - Image reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 12962542; Kovarik, L. 1; Email Address: kovarik.8@osu.edu Gouma, P.I. 2 Kisielowski, C. 3 Court, S.A. 4 Mills, M.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Watts Hall 477, Columbus, OH 43201, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  3: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Alcan Technology and Management Ltd., CH-8212 Neuhausen, Switzerland; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 52 Issue 9, p2509; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: COPPER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Age hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al–Mg–Cu alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: GPB zones; Author-Supplied Keyword: HRTEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image reconstruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.01.041
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12962542&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gazda, Daniel B.
AU  - Lipert, Robert J.
AU  - Fritz, James S.
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
T1  - Investigation of the iodine–poly(vinylpyrrolidone) interaction employed in the determination of biocidal iodine by colorimetric solid-phase extraction
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 510
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
SN  - 00032670
AB  - Colorimetric solid-phase extraction (C-SPE) has been previously explored as a means to monitor the iodine-based disinfectant used in the water systems on board the space shuttle. This same disinfectant is baselined for eventual deployment in the US water recovery system planned for node 3 of the International Space Station (ISS). With C-SPE, the I2 concentration is determined from the diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS) of the yellow iodine–poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) complex using the Kubelka–Munk function. However, the solution chemistry of iodine is very complex and results in a variety of inorganic species (e.g., I−, I2, I3−, HOI) that have very different biocidal capabilities. Thus, the nature of the interaction of iodine with PVP, and more specifically, the identity of the iodine species involved in the interaction, requires more elucidation. This paper reports the findings from a series of detailed experiments conducted to elicit a more complete understanding of the iodine–PVP system employed in C-SPE. The results indicate that I2, one of the two dominant biocidal forms of iodine, is the species responsible for the analytical signal in our C-SPE platform. These findings lay the ground work for the planned development of a multiplexed iodine determination and speciation platform for in-flight analysis of spacecraft water samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IODINE
KW  - COLORIMETRIC analysis
KW  - SOLID-phase analysis
KW  - EXTRACTION (Chemistry)
KW  - Colorimetry
KW  - Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
KW  - Iodine
KW  - Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)
KW  - Solid-phase extraction
N1  - Accession Number: 12740489; Gazda, Daniel B. 1 Lipert, Robert J. 1 Fritz, James S. 1 Porter, Marc D.; Email Address: mporter@porter1.ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Microanalytical Instrumentation Center, Ames Laboratory US-DOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 510 Issue 2, p241; Subject Term: IODINE; Subject Term: COLORIMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: SOLID-phase analysis; Subject Term: EXTRACTION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Colorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iodine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(vinylpyrrolidone); Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-phase extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.aca.2004.01.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12740489&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Lan
AU  - Austin, Derek
AU  - Merkulov, Vladimir I.
AU  - Meleshko, Anatoli V.
AU  - Klein, Kate L.
AU  - Guillorn, Michael A.
AU  - Lowndes, Douglas H.
AU  - Simpson, Michael L.
T1  - Four-probe charge transport measurements on individual vertically aligned carbon nanofibers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 84
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3972
EP  - 3974
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report four-probe I-V measurements on individual vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs). These measurements were enabled by the fabrication of multiple Ti/Au ohmic contacts on individual fibers that exhibited resistance of only a few kilohms. These measurements demonstrate that VACNFs exhibit linear I-V behavior at room temperature, with a resistivity of approximately 4.2 × 10-3 Ω cm. Our measurements are consistent with a dominant transport mechanism of electrons traveling through intergraphitic planes in the VACNFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - OHMIC contacts
KW  - ELECTRIC contactors
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13029232; Zhang, Lan 1 Austin, Derek 1 Merkulov, Vladimir I. 1 Meleshko, Anatoli V. 1 Klein, Kate L. 1 Guillorn, Michael A. 2 Lowndes, Douglas H. 3 Simpson, Michael L. 1; Email Address: simpsonm11@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Molecular-Scalé Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee  2: Cornell Nanofabrication Facility, New York  3: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: 5/17/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 20, p3972; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: OHMIC contacts; Subject Term: ELECTRIC contactors; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1748849
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029232&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guangyong Xu
AU  - Hiraka, H.
AU  - Shirane, G.
AU  - Ohwada, K.
T1  - Dual structures in (1-x)Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 ferroelectric relaxors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 84
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3975
EP  - 3977
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We performed x-ray diffraction studies on a series of (1-x)Pb(Zn⅓Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 single crystals with different incident photon energies, and therefore different penetration depths. Our results show that outer layers of ∼10-50 µm thick are present in all samples. The structure of those outer layers is different from that of the inside of the crystals, by having much greater (rhombohedral) distortions. With increasing x, rhombohedral-type lattice distortions develop, both in the outer layer and on the inside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - CRYSTALS -- Electric properties
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - SET theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13029231; Guangyong Xu 1; Email Address: gxu@bnl.gov Hiraka, H. 1 Shirane, G. 1 Ohwada, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York  2: Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Japan; Source Info: 5/17/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 20, p3975; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: CRYSTALS -- Electric properties; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: SET theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1751216
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029231&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bostedt, C.
AU  - van Buuren, T.
AU  - Willey, T.M.
AU  - Franco, N.
AU  - Terminello, L.J.
AU  - Heske, C.
AU  - Möller, T.
T1  - Strong quantum-confinement effects in the conduction band of germanium nanocrystals.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 84
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4056
EP  - 4058
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Quantum-confinement effects in the conduction band of deposited germanium nanocrystals are measured to be greater than in similar-sized silicon nanocrystals. The germanium particles are condensed out of the gas phase and their electronic properties are determined with x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The conduction band edge shifts range from 0.2 eV for 2.7 nm particles up to 1.1 eV for 1.2 nm particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 13029204; Bostedt, C. 1; Email Address: christoph.bostedt@desy.de van Buuren, T. 2 Willey, T.M. 2 Franco, N. 2 Terminello, L.J. 2 Heske, C. 3 Möller, T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Institut für Experimentalphysik, Unviersität Hamburg, Germany  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Nevada  4: Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor Hasylab at DESY, Germany; Source Info: 5/17/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 20, p4056; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1751616
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029204&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edmonds, K.W.
AU  - Farley, N.R.S.
AU  - Campion, R.P.
AU  - Foxon, C.T.
AU  - Gallagher, B.L.
AU  - Johan, T.K.
AU  - van der Laan, G.
AU  - MacKenzie, M.
AU  - Chapman, J.N.
AU  - Arenholz, E.
T1  - Surface effects in Mn L3,2 x-ray absorption spectra from (Ga,Mn)As.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 84
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4065
EP  - 4067
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have identified a Mn-rich layer on the surface on (Ga,Mn)As thin films which significantly influences soft x-ray absorption measurements. The Mn L3,3 x-ray absorption spectra of the untreated films show a strong multiplet structure, consistent with earlier observations and characteristic of MnO. After removal of the surface layer, the multiplet structure is less pronounced and the spectrum is shifted to ∼0.5 eV lower photon energy. Comparison with calculated spectra imply a localized Mn ground state for the untreated sample and a hybridized ground state after etching. In addition, a large x-ray magnetic circular dichroism is observed at the Mn L3,2 edge in the etched film. These results may explain several peculiarities of previously reported x-ray absorption studies from (Ga,Mn)As. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - DICHROISM
N1  - Accession Number: 13029201; Edmonds, K.W. 1; Email Address: kevin.edmonds@nottingham.ac.uk Farley, N.R.S. 1 Campion, R.P. 1 Foxon, C.T. 1 Gallagher, B.L. 1 Johan, T.K. 2 van der Laan, G. 2 MacKenzie, M. 3 Chapman, J.N. 3 Arenholz, E. 4; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, UK  2: Physics, Daresbury Laboratory, UK  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, UK  4: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley; Source Info: 5/17/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 20, p4065; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: DICHROISM; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1751619
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029201&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hongtao Cui
AU  - Xiaojing Yang
AU  - Simpson, Michael L.
AU  - Lowndes, Douglas H.
AU  - Varela, Maria
T1  - Initial growth of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 84
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4077
EP  - 4079
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Samples of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) were viewed transverse to the growth direction and studied using both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The VACNFs are composed of graphite layers nearly parallel to the substrate at their bottom end, gradually formed graphite "cups" in the main body, and a catalyst particle on the tip. The formation of such structure is due to the corresponding transformation of the shape of the catalyst particle during initial VACNF growth. A model for their initial growth is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CATALYSTS
N1  - Accession Number: 13029197; Hongtao Cui 1; Email Address: cui@ornl.gov Xiaojing Yang 1 Simpson, Michael L. 1 Lowndes, Douglas H. 1 Varela, Maria 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: 5/17/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 20, p4077; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CATALYSTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1751624
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029197&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Z.M.
AU  - Tang, Z.K.
AU  - Siu, G.G.
AU  - Bozovic, I.
T1  - Raman characterization of 0.4 nm single-wall carbon nanotubes using the full-symmetry line group.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 84
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4101
EP  - 4103
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Raman spectra of single-wall carbon nanotubes produced in the channels of zeolite AFl single crystals have been analyzed in the light of the full symmetry group, the line group. The phonon dispersion curves of the tubes (5,0), (3,3), and (4,2) are calculated based on the lattice dynamical model and the phonon branches are assigned to their quantum numbers (irreducible representations). The structures of Raman spectra of different samples are reproduced well by the density of states of relevant Raman-active phonons. The result is useful to evaluate the contents of these tubes in real crystals where the contents are not well defined before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13029189; Li, Z.M. 1 Tang, Z.K. 1; Email Address: phzktang@ust.hk Siu, G.G. 2 Bozovic, I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China  2: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, China  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: 5/17/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 20, p4101; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029189&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ho Nyung Lee
AU  - Christen, Hans M.
AU  - Chisholm, Matthew F.
AU  - Roueleau, Christopher M.
AU  - Lowndes, Douglas H.
T1  - Thermal stability of epitaxial SrRuO3 films as a function of oxygen pressure.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 84
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4107
EP  - 4109
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The thermal stability of electrically conducting SrRuO3 thin films grown by pulsed-laser deposition on (001) SrTiO3 substrates has been investigated by atomic force microscopy and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) under reducing conditions (25-800 °C in 10-7-10-2 Torr O2). The as-grown SrRuO3 epitaxial films exhibit atomically flat surfaces with single unit-cell steps, even after exposure to air at room temperature. The films remain stable at temperatures as high as 720 °C in moderate oxygen ambients (> 1 mTorr), but higher temperature anneals at lower pressures result in the formation of islands and pits due to the decomposition of SrRuO3. Using in situ RHEED, a temperature and oxygen pressure stability map was determined, consistent with a thermally activated decomposition process having an activation energy of 88 kJ/mol. The results can be used to determine the proper conditions for growth of additional epitaxial oxide layers on high quality electrically conducting SrRuO3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
N1  - Accession Number: 13029187; Ho Nyung Lee 1; Email Address: hnlee@ornl.gov Christen, Hans M. 1 Chisholm, Matthew F. 1 Roueleau, Christopher M. 1 Lowndes, Douglas H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Source Info: 5/17/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 20, p4107; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753650
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13029187&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gourdon, Olivier
AU  - Bud'ko, Sergery L.
AU  - Williams, Darrick
AU  - Miller, Gordon J.
T1  - Crystallographic, Electronic, and Magnetic Studies of ζ2-GaM (M = Cr, Mn or Fe): Trends in Itinerant Magnetism.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/17/
VL  - 43
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3210
EP  - 3218
SN  - 00201669
AB  - This study of the crystal structure, electronic structure, and magnetic properties of the ζ2-GaM (M = Cr, Mn or Fe) alloys is motivated by the recent reinvestigation of the crystallographic AI8Cr5 structure type of ζ2-GaMn. The isostructural compounds ζ2-GaFe and ζ2-GaCr have been refined using X-ray powder diffraction as well as neutron powder diffraction for ζ2-GaFe. Their structures have been refined using the space group R&3oline;m, with cell parameters a = 12.625(8) Å and c = 7.785(10) Å for ζ2-GaCr and a = 12.4368(11) Å and c = 7.7642(10) Å for ζ2-GaFe. Band structure calculations using the self-consistent, spin-polarized TB-LMTO method were performed to understand their electronic structure and magnetic properties. Band calculations show that from GaCr to GaFe the magnetic interactions change from weakly antiferromagnetic coupling to ferromagnetic coupling. Magnetic measurements confirm ferromagnetism for GaFe and show a weak paramagnetic response for GaCr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - ALLOYS -- Analysis
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - METALS
KW  - PHASE rule & equilibrium
N1  - Accession Number: 13281717; Gourdon, Olivier 1 Bud'ko, Sergery L. 2 Williams, Darrick 3 Miller, Gordon J. 1; Email Address: gmiller@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111  2: Department of Physics and Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 5/17/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 10, p3210; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: ALLOYS -- Analysis; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: PHASE rule & equilibrium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vigil, Dominico
AU  - Bluenthal, Donald K.
AU  - Brown, Simon
AU  - Taylor, Susan S.
AU  - Trewhella, Jill
T1  - Differential Effects of Substrate on Type I and Type II PKA Holoenzyme Dissociation.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/18/
VL  - 43
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5629
EP  - 5636
SN  - 00062960
AB  - It has been widely accepted that cAMP activates the protein kinase A (PKA) holoenzyme by dissociating the regulatory and catalytic subunits, thus freeing the catalytic subunit to phosphorylate its targets. However, recent experiments suggest that cAMP does not fully dissociate the holoenzyme. Here, we investigate this mechanism further by using small-angle X-ray scattering to study, at physiological enzyme concentrations, the type Iα and type IIβ holoenzyme structures under equilibrium solution conditions without any labeling of the protein subunits. We observe that while the addition of a molar excess of cAMP to the type Iα PKA holoenzyme causes partial dissociation, it is only upon addition of a PKA peptide substrate together with cAMP that full dissociation occurs. Similarly, addition of excess cAMP to the type IIβ holoenzyme causes only a partial dissociation. However, while the addition of peptide substrate as well as excess cAMP causes somewhat more dissociation, a significant percentage of intact type IIβ enzyme remains. These results confirm that both the type Iα and the type IIβ holoenzymes are more stable in the presence of cAMP than previously thought. They also demonstrate that substrate plays a differential role in the activation of type I versus type II holoenzymes, which could explain some important functional differences between PKA isoforms. On the basis of these data and other recently published data, we propose a structural model of type I holoenzyme activation by cAMP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13449604; Vigil, Dominico 1 Bluenthal, Donald K. 2 Brown, Simon 1 Taylor, Susan S. 1 Trewhella, Jill 3; Email Address: jtrewhella@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California.  2: University of Utah.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Source Info: 5/18/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 19, p5629; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi0499157
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bunick, Christopher G.
AU  - Melanie A. Nelson
AU  - Sherylt Mangahas
AU  - Michael J. Hunter
AU  - Jonathan H. Sheehan
AU  - Laura S. Mizoue
AU  - Gerard J. Bunick
AU  - Walter J. Chazin
T1  - Designing Sequence to Control Protein Function in an Er-Hand Protein.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/19/
VL  - 126
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5990
EP  - 5998
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The extent of conformational change that calcium binding induces in EF-hand proteins is a key biochemical property specifying Ca2+ sensor versus signal modulator function. To understand how differences in amino add sequence lead to differences in the response to Ca2+ binding, comparative analyses of sequence and structures, combined with model building, were used to develop hypotheses about which amino add residues control Ca2+-induced conformational changes. These results were used to generate a first design of calbindornodulin (CBM-1), a calbindin D9k re-engineered with 15 mutations to respond to Ca2+ binding with a conformational change similar to that of calmodulin. The gene for CBM-1 was synthesized, and the protein was expressed and purified. Remarkably, this protein did not exhibit any non-native-like molten globule properties despite the large number of mutations and the nonconservative nature of some of them. Ca2+-induced changes in CD intensity and in the binding of the hydrophobic probe, ANS, implied that CBM-1 does undergo Ca2+ sensorlike conformational changes. The X-ray crystal structure of Ca2+-CBM-1 determined at 1.44 Å resolution reveals the anticipated increase in hydrophobic surface area relative to the wild-type protein. A nascent calmodulin-like hydrophobic docking surface was also found, though it is occluded by the inter-EF-hand loop. The results from this first calbindomodulin design are discussed in terms of progress toward understanding the relationships between amino acid sequence, protein structure, and protein function for EF-hand CaBPs, as well as the additional mutations for the next CBM design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS -- Analysis
KW  - CALMODULIN
KW  - HYDROPHOBIC surfaces
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - AMINO acid sequence
KW  - ORGANIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 13354757; Bunick, Christopher G. 1 Melanie A. Nelson 2 Sherylt Mangahas 3 Michael J. Hunter 2,4 Jonathan H. Sheehan 1 Laura S. Mizoue 1 Gerard J. Bunick 5 Walter J. Chazin 1,2; Email Address: walter.chazin@vanderbilt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Biochemistry and Physics and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 5140 BIOSCI/MRB III, Nashville, Tennessee 3 7232-8 725  2: Department of Molecular Biology (MB-9), The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037  3: Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  4: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6480, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6480  5: biomedical Information Solution Division, SAIC, San Diego,California.; Source Info: 5/19/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 19, p5990; Subject Term: PROTEINS -- Analysis; Subject Term: CALMODULIN; Subject Term: HYDROPHOBIC surfaces; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: AMINO acid sequence; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lowrie, Robert B.
T1  - A comparison of implicit time integration methods for nonlinear relaxation and diffusion
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/20/
VL  - 196
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Several time integration methods for nonlinear systems are compared. All of the time discretizations are based on the <f>θ</f>-method, but differ in their treatment of the implicit nonlinear terms. One method converges the implicit nonlinear terms to a small tolerance and is often referred to as nonlinearly consistent (NC). Newton''s method, or its approximation Newton–Krylov, is used to converge the nonlinearities. The other methods considered are linearized and comparisons are made for a relaxation problem and a radiation diffusion problem. The linearized one-step method that uses the full Jacobian is shown to have similar accuracy as NC methods. The lagged linearization method and an extension that is second-order accurate are also studied. A truncation error analysis complements the numerical results. For the relaxation problem, it is shown that each of the second-order accurate linearized methods may be more accurate than an NC method, depending on the degree of nonlinearity in the problem. For the radiation diffusion problem, in general the NC method is most accurate and allows a larger time step. However, the linearized methods perform surprisingly well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELAXATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - Implicit differencing
KW  - Newton–Krylov method
KW  - Nonlinear systems
KW  - Radiation diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 12899836; Lowrie, Robert B. 1; Email Address: lowrie@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer and Computational Sciences Division (CCS-2), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D413, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 196 Issue 2, p566; Subject Term: RELAXATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implicit differencing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Newton–Krylov method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation diffusion; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.11.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vachal, Pavel
AU  - Garimella, Rao V.
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail J.
T1  - Untangling of 2D meshes in ALE simulations
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/20/
VL  - 196
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 627
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A procedure is presented to untangle unstructured 2D meshes containing inverted elements by node repositioning. The inverted elements may result from node movement in Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) simulations of continuum mechanics problems with large shear deformation such as fluid flow and metal forming. Meshes with inverted elements may also be created due to the limitations of mesh generation algorithms particularly for non-simplicial mesh generation. The untangling procedure uses a combination of direct node placement based on geometric computation of the feasible set, and node repositioning driven by numerical optimization of an objective function that achieves its minimum on a valid mesh. It is shown that a combination of the feasible set, based method and the optimization method achieves the best results in untangling complex 2D meshes. Preliminary results are also presented for untangling of 3D unstructured meshes by the same approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUADRILATERALS
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) simulations
KW  - Element validity
KW  - Mesh untangling
KW  - Quadrilaterals
KW  - Rayleigh–Taylor simulation
KW  - Triangles
N1  - Accession Number: 12899838; Vachal, Pavel 1; Email Address: vachal@galileo.fjfi.cvut.cz Garimella, Rao V. 2; Email Address: rao@lanl.gov Shashkov, Mikhail J. 2; Email Address: shashkov@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Czech Technical University in Prague, B&rbreve;ehová 7, 11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic  2: MS B284, T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 196 Issue 2, p627; Subject Term: QUADRILATERALS; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Element validity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesh untangling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadrilaterals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayleigh–Taylor simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triangles; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.11.011
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kao, Jim
AU  - Flicker, Dawn
AU  - Henninger, Rudy
AU  - Frey, Sarah
AU  - Ghil, Michael
AU  - Ide, Kayo
T1  - Data assimilation with an extended Kalman filter for impact-produced shock-wave dynamics
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/20/
VL  - 196
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Model assimilation of data strives to determine optimally the state of an evolving physical system from a limited number of observations. The present study represents the first attempt of applying the extended Kalman filter (EKF) method of data assimilation to shock-wave dynamics induced by a high-speed impact. EKF solves the full nonlinear state evolution and estimates its associated error-covariance matrix in time. The state variables obtained by the blending of past model evolution with currently available data, along with their associated minimized errors (or uncertainties), are then used as initial conditions for further prediction until the next time at which data becomes available.In this study, a one-dimensional (1D) finite-difference code is used along with data measured from a 1D flyer plate experiment. An ensemble simulation suggests that the nonlinearity of the modeled system can be reasonably tracked by EKF. The results demonstrate that the EKF assimilation of a limited amount of pressure data, measured at the middle of the target plate alone, helps track the evolution of all the state variables. The fidelity of EKF is further investigated with numerically generated synthetic data from so-called “identical-twin experiments”, in which the true state is known and various measurement techniques and strategies can be made easily simulated. We find that the EKF method can effectively assimilate the density fields, which are distributed sparsely in time to mimic radiographic data, into the modeled system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KALMAN filtering
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 12899841; Kao, Jim 1; Email Address: Kao@lanl.gov Flicker, Dawn 1 Henninger, Rudy 1 Frey, Sarah 2 Ghil, Michael 3 Ide, Kayo 3; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS T086, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: University of Arizona at Tucson, AZ, USA  3: University of California at Los Angeles, CA, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 196 Issue 2, p705; Subject Term: KALMAN filtering; Subject Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.11.028
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cohen, Thomas D.
AU  - Gelman, Boris A.
AU  - van Kolck, U.
T1  - An effective field theory for coupled-channel scattering
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/05/20/
VL  - 588
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The problem of describing low-energy two-body scattering for systems with two open channels with different thresholds is addressed in the context of an effective field theory. In particular, the problem where the threshold is unnaturally small and the cross section at low energy is unnaturally large is considered. It is shown that the lowest-order point coupling associated with the mixing of the channels scales as <f>Λ−2</f> rather than <f>Λ−1</f> (the scaling of the same-channel coupling and the scaling in a single-channel case) where <f>Λ</f> is the ultraviolet cutoff. The renormalization of the theory at lowest order is given explicitly. The treatment of higher orders is straightforward. The potential implications for systems with deep open channels are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - THEORY
N1  - Accession Number: 12982237; Cohen, Thomas D. 1; Email Address: cohen@physics.umd.edu Gelman, Boris A. 2; Email Address: gelman@physics.arizona.edu van Kolck, U. 2,3; Email Address: vankolck@physics.arizona.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-4111, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 588 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: THEORY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.020
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Piao, H.
AU  - Adib, K.
AU  - Barteau, Mark A.
T1  - A temperature-programmed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TPXPS) study of chlorine adsorption and diffusion on Ag(1 1 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/05/20/
VL  - 557
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Synchrotron-based temperature programmed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TPXPS) has been used to investigate the surface chloridation of Ag(1 1 1) to monolayer coverages. At 100 K both atomic and molecular chlorine species are present on the surface; adsorption at 300 K or annealing the adlayer at 100 K to this temperature generates adsorbed Cl atoms. As the surface is heated from 300 to 600 K, chlorine atoms diffuse below the surface, as demonstrated by attenuation of the Cl2p signals in TPXPS experiments. Quantitative analysis of the extent of attenuation is consistent with chlorine diffusion below the topmost silver layer. For coverages in the monolayer and sub-monolayer regime, chlorine diffusion to and from the bulk appears not to be significant, in contrast to previous results obtained at higher chlorine loadings. Chlorine is removed from the surface at 650–780 K by desorption as AgCl. These results demonstrate that chlorine diffusion beneath the surface does occur at coverages and temperatures relevant to olefin epoxidation processes carried out on silver catalysts with chlorine promoters. The surface sensitivity advantages of synchrotron-based XPS experiments were critical to observing Cl diffusion to the sub-surface at low coverages. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - CHLORINE
KW  - QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Chlorine
KW  - Diffusion and migration
KW  - Silver
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12981913; Piao, H. 1,2 Adib, K. 1 Barteau, Mark A. 2; Email Address: barteau@che.udel.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE 19716, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 557 Issue 1-3, p13; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: CHLORINE; Subject Term: QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion and migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325181 Alkali and chlorine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.03.063
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felton, James S.
AU  - Knize, Mark G.
AU  - Bennett, L. Michelle
AU  - Malfatti, Michael A.
AU  - Colvin, Michael E.
AU  - Kulp, Kristen S.
T1  - Impact of environmental exposures on the mutagenicity/carcinogenicity of heterocyclic amines
JO  - Toxicology
JF  - Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/05/20/
VL  - 198
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 145
SN  - 0300483X
AB  - Carcinogenic heterocyclic amines are produced from overcooked foods and are highly mutagenic in most short-term test systems. One of the most abundant of these amines, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), induces breast, colon and prostate tumors in rats. Human dietary epidemiology studies suggest a strong correlation between either meat consumption or well-done muscle meat consumption and cancers of the colon, breast, stomach, lung and esophagus. For over 20 years our laboratory has helped define the human exposure to these dietary carcinogens. In this report we describe how various environmental exposures may modulate the risk from exposure to heterocyclic amines, especially PhIP. To assess the impact of foods on PhIP metabolism in humans, we developed an LC/MS/MS method to analyze the four major PhIP urinary metabolites following the consumption of a single portion of grilled chicken. Adding broccoli to the volunteers’ diet altered the kinetics of PhIP metabolism. At the cellular level we have found that PhIP itself stimulates a significant estrogenic response in MCF-7 cells, but even more interestingly, co-incubation of the cells with herbal teas appear to enhance the response. Numerous environmental chemicals found in food or the atmosphere can impact the exposure, metabolism, and cell proliferation response of heterocyclic amines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINES
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - ANIMAL products
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Heterocyclic amines
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - PhIP
N1  - Accession Number: 13066627; Felton, James S. 1; Email Address: feltonl@llnl.gov Knize, Mark G. 1 Bennett, L. Michelle 2 Malfatti, Michael A. 1 Colvin, Michael E. 1 Kulp, Kristen S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-452, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 198 Issue 1-3, p135; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: ANIMAL products; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carcinogenicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic amines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutagenicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: PhIP; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424590 Other Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tox.2004.01.024
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ranatunga, Wasantha
AU  - Hill, Emma E.
AU  - Mooster, Jana L.
AU  - Holbrook, Elizabeth L.
AU  - Schulze-Gahmen, Ursula
AU  - Xu, WenLian
AU  - Bessman, Maurice J.
AU  - Brenner, Steven E.
AU  - Holbrook, Stephen R.
T1  - Structural Studies of the Nudix Hydrolase DR1025 From Deinococcus radiodurans and its Ligand Complexes
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 339
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 00222836
AB  - We have determined the crystal structure, at 1.4 A˚, of the Nudix hydrolase DR1025 from the extremely radiation resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. The protein forms an intertwined homodimer by exchanging N-terminal segments between chains. We have identified additional conserved elements of the Nudix fold, including the metal-binding motif, a kinked β-strand characterized by a proline two positions upstream of the Nudix consensus sequence, and participation of the N-terminal extension in the formation of the substrate-binding pocket. Crystal structures were also solved of DR1025 crystallized in the presence of magnesium and either a GTP analog or Ap4A (both at 1.6 A˚ resolution). In the Ap4A co-crystal, the electron density indicated that the product of asymmetric hydrolysis, ATP, was bound to the enzyme. The GTP analog bound structure showed that GTP was bound almost identically as ATP. Neither nucleoside triphosphate was further cleaved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - X-rays
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - Deinococcus radiodurans
KW  - MutT-like
KW  - Nudix hydrolase
N1  - Accession Number: 12989088; Ranatunga, Wasantha 1 Hill, Emma E. 2 Mooster, Jana L. 1 Holbrook, Elizabeth L. 1,3 Schulze-Gahmen, Ursula 1 Xu, WenLian 4 Bessman, Maurice J. 4 Brenner, Steven E. 1,2 Holbrook, Stephen R. 1; Email Address: srholbrook@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 339 Issue 1, p103; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deinococcus radiodurans; Author-Supplied Keyword: MutT-like; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nudix hydrolase; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.01.065
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chao, Dennis L.
AU  - Davenport, Miles P.
AU  - Forrest, Stephanie
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - A stochastic model of cytotoxic T cell responses
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 228
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 00225193
AB  - We have constructed a stochastic stage-structured model of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to antigen and the maintenance of immunological memory. The model follows the dynamics of a viral infection and the stimulation, proliferation, and differentiation of naı¨ve CD8+ T cells into effector CTL, which can eliminate virally infected cells. The model is capable of following the dynamics of multiple T cell clones, each with a T cell receptor represented by a digit string. MHC–viral peptide complexes are also represented by strings and a string match rule is used to compute the affinity of a T cell receptor for a viral epitope. The avidities of interactions are also computed by taking into consideration the density of MHC–viral peptides on the surface of an infected cell. Lastly, the model allows the probability of T cell stimulation to depend on avidity but also incorporates the notion of an antigen-independent programmed proliferative response. We compare the model to experimental data on the cytotoxic T cell response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - VIRUS diseases
KW  - CELLS
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - Cytotoxic T lymphocyte
KW  - Immunological memory
KW  - Immunology
KW  - Stage-structured modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 12840274; Chao, Dennis L. 1 Davenport, Miles P. 2 Forrest, Stephanie 1,3 Perelson, Alan S. 4; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital and Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia  3: The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA  4: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T10 MS-K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 228 Issue 2, p227; Subject Term: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject Term: VIRUS diseases; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immunological memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immunology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stage-structured modeling; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jtbi.2003.12.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Im, Hee-Jung
AU  - Barnes, Craig E.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Xue, Ziling
T1  - Functionalized sol–gels for mercury(II) separation: a comparison of mesoporous materials prepared with and without surfactant templates
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 70
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
SN  - 13871811
AB  - Granular silica gels 1b (7.0 mol% ligand) and 1c (17.0 mol% ligand) containing different amounts of tethered mercapto ligand HS(CH2)3Si(O–)3 were prepared in one step from the co-hydrolysis of HS(CH2)3Si(OMe)3 and Si(OMe)4. Analyses of 1b revealed that it was mesoporous (pore diameter: ca. 50 A˚) with a large surface area (471 m2/g). In 0.5, 5.0, 50, and 500 ppm Hg2+ solutions, 1b was found to have Hg2+ uptake capacities comparable to those of sub-micron mesoporous powders prepared with two different surfactants in the current studies. 1b and 1c removed Hg2+ ions to be below 5 × 10−5 ppm (the detection limit of atomic absorption) from 0.368 and 50 ppm solutions, respectively. The granular 1b and 1c are easier to prepare and handle, and may offer an alternative to sub-micron powders prepared with surfactants for Hg(II) uptake. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA gel
KW  - MERCURY compounds
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - Granular silica gels
KW  - Hg(II) separation
KW  - Mercapto ligand
KW  - Mesoporous
N1  - Accession Number: 12983693; Im, Hee-Jung 1 Barnes, Craig E. 1 Dai, Sheng 2 Xue, Ziling 1; Email Address: xue@novell.chem.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, 1600 Circle Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1-3, p57; Subject Term: SILICA gel; Subject Term: MERCURY compounds; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Granular silica gels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hg(II) separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercapto ligand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.micromeso.2004.03.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Byunghwan
AU  - Zhu, Haoguo
AU  - Zhang, Zongtao
AU  - Overbury, Steven H.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - Preparation of bicontinuous mesoporous silica and organosilica materials containing gold nanoparticles by co-synthesis method
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 70
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
SN  - 13871811
AB  - Catalytic activities of gold strongly depend on its particle size. It is necessary to have homogeneous distributions of small gold nanoparticles with diameters between 2 and 5 nm for excellent catalytic activities. In this study, gold-containing mesoporous silica materials were prepared by a co-synthesis method. The essence of this sol–gel co-synthesis method is to combine together neutral surfactant template synthesis of mesoporous silica materials with the introduction of metal ions via bifunctional silane ligands, so that the formation of mesostructures and metal–ion doping occur simultaneously. The formation of gold nanoparticles with size less than 5 nm inside mesoporous materials (HMS, MSU, and PMO) has been achieved by this co-synthesis sol–gel process. In addition, the effects of post-treatments, such as calcination and reduction, on pore structures and nanoparticle size distributions were also investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - ORGANOSILICON compounds
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - GOLD compounds
KW  - Gold nanoparticles
KW  - Mesoporous silica
KW  - Sol–gel co-synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 12983697; Lee, Byunghwan Zhu, Haoguo 1 Zhang, Zongtao 1 Overbury, Steven H. 1 Dai, Sheng; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 70 Issue 1-3, p71; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: ORGANOSILICON compounds; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: GOLD compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gold nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel co-synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.micromeso.2004.03.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herbig, Utz
AU  - Jobling, Wendy A.
AU  - Chen, Benjamin P.C.
AU  - Chen, David J.
AU  - Sedivy, John M.
T1  - Telomere Shortening Triggers Senescence of Human Cells through a Pathway Involving ATM, p53, and p21CIP1, but Not p16INK4a
JO  - Molecular Cell
JF  - Molecular Cell
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
EP  - 513
SN  - 10972765
AB  - Cellular senescence can be triggered by telomere shortening as well as a variety of stresses and signaling imbalances. We used multiparameter single-cell detection methods to investigate upstream signaling pathways and ensuing cell cycle checkpoint responses in human fibroblasts. Telomeric foci containing multiple DNA damage response factors were assembled in a subset of senescent cells and signaled through ATM to p53, upregulating p21 and causing G1 phase arrest. Inhibition of ATM expression or activity resulted in cell cycle reentry, indicating that stable arrest requires continuous signaling. ATR kinase appears to play a minor role in normal cells but in the absence of ATM elicited a delayed G2 phase arrest. These pathways do not affect expression of p16, which was upregulated in a telomere- and DNA damage-independent manner in a subset of cells. Distinct senescence programs can thus progress in parallel, resulting in mosaic cultures as well as individual cells responding to multiple signals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - HUMAN cell culture
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MOSAICS (Genetics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13166659; Herbig, Utz 1 Jobling, Wendy A. 1 Chen, Benjamin P.C. 2 Chen, David J. 2 Sedivy, John M. 1; Email Address: john_sedivy@brown.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p501; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: HUMAN cell culture; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: MOSAICS (Genetics); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woo, Eui-Jeon
AU  - Kim, Yeon-Gil
AU  - Kim, Min-Sung
AU  - Han, Won-Deok
AU  - Shin, Sejeong
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Park, Sam-Yong
AU  - Oh, Byung-Ha
T1  - Structural Mechanism for Inactivation and Activation of CAD/DFF40 in the Apoptotic Pathway
JO  - Molecular Cell
JF  - Molecular Cell
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 539
SN  - 10972765
AB  - CAD/DFF40 is responsible for the degradation of chromosomal DNA into nucleosomal fragments and subsequent chromatin condensation during apoptosis. It exists as an inactive complex with its inhibitor ICAD/DFF45 in proliferating cells but becomes activated upon cleavage of ICAD/DFF45 into three domains by caspases in dying cells. The molecular mechanism underlying the control and activation of CAD/DFF40 was unknown. Here, the crystal structure of activated CAD/DFF40 reveals that it is a pair of molecular scissors with a deep active-site crevice that appears ideal for distinguishing internucleosomal DNA from nucleosomal DNA. Ensuing studies show that ICAD/DFF45 sequesters the nonfunctional CAD/DFF40 monomer and is also able to disassemble the functional CAD/DFF40 dimer. This capacity requires the involvement of the middle domain of ICAD/DFF45, which by itself cannot remain bound to CAD/DFF40 due to low binding affinity for the enzyme. Thus, the consequence of the caspase-cleavage of ICAD/DFF45 is a self-assembly of CAD/DFF40 into the active dimer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - CHROMATIN
KW  - DNA
KW  - MONOMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 13166664; Woo, Eui-Jeon 1 Kim, Yeon-Gil 1 Kim, Min-Sung 1 Han, Won-Deok 1 Shin, Sejeong 1 Robinson, Howard 2 Park, Sam-Yong 3 Oh, Byung-Ha 1; Email Address: bhoh@postech.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Department of Life Sciences and Center for Biomolecular Recognition, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, South Korea  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  3: Protein Design Laboratory, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p531; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pozzi, Sara A.
AU  - Mullens, James A.
AU  - Mihalczo, John T.
T1  - Analysis of neutron and photon detection position for the calibration of plastic (BC-420) and liquid (BC-501) scintillators
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 524
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
EP  - 101
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In this paper, we present the results of the neutron and photon calibration of a BC-420 plastic scintillator and a BC-501 liquid scintillator using a set of reference gamma sources and a Cf-252 source. The position of neutron and photon interactions inside the scintillators as a function of energy is investigated by Monte Carlo simulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Neutron detection
KW  - Photon detection
KW  - Scintillation detector
N1  - Accession Number: 13066879; Pozzi, Sara A.; Email Address: pozzisa@ornl.gov Mullens, James A. 1 Mihalczo, John T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6010, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6010, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 524 Issue 1-3, p92; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation detector; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.12.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reifarth, R.
AU  - Haight, R.C.
AU  - Heil, M.
AU  - Käppeler, F.
AU  - Vieira, D.J.
T1  - Neutron capture measurements at a RIA-type facility
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 524
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 226
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Neutron capture cross-sections of unstable isotopes are important for neutron-induced nucleosynthesis as well as for technological applications. The Rare Isotope Accelerator or comparable facilities will be able to produce radioactive ion beams up to <f>1012</f> particles/s and would therefore be a suitable place for <f>(n,γ)</f> studies on radioactive isotopes with half-lives between days and months. We propose a facility for measurements of <f>(n,γ)</f> cross-sections of unstable isotopes in the keV range suited for minimal sample masses down to <f>1015</f> atoms, corresponding to minimum half-lives of only <f>10 d</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON capture
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - MASS
KW  - keV neutron capture
KW  - Radioactive beams
KW  - RIA
KW  - Short-lived samples
N1  - Accession Number: 13066894; Reifarth, R. 1; Email Address: reifarth@lanl.gov Haight, R.C. 1 Heil, M. 2 Käppeler, F. 2 Vieira, D.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANSCE-3, MS H855, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Kernphysik, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 524 Issue 1-3, p215; Subject Term: NEUTRON capture; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: MASS; Author-Supplied Keyword: keV neutron capture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: RIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short-lived samples; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.01.050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morse, John
AU  - Kenney, Christopher J.
AU  - Westbrook, Edwin M.
AU  - Naday, Istvan
AU  - Parker, Sherwood I.
T1  - The spatial and energy response of a 3d architecture silicon detector measured with a synchrotron X-ray microbeam
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 524
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
EP  - 244
SN  - 01689002
AB  - 3D processed silicon detectors offer several advantages over conventional, planar processed devices. The electric fields between the electrodes of a 3D detector are parallel to its surface, and for a given applied bias, stronger than those found in a planar device of equivalent dimensions. We have investigated the spatial response of a first generation 3D detector using a synchrotron X-ray microbeam as a probe. The microbeam was of cross-section ∼10 μm, commensurate with the dimensions of the electrode structures. The detector showed excellent charge collection, as verified by the energy spectra acquired at various probe positions. Variations in the energy spectra provided a sensitive indicator of the charge splitting that inevitably occurs at the boundaries between adjacent pixel cells, and for measuring the expected loss of sensitivity at the 3D electrodes themselves. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - X-rays
KW  - 3D
KW  - Detector
KW  - Silicon
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 13066896; Morse, John 1; Email Address: morse@esrf.fr Kenney, Christopher J. 1 Westbrook, Edwin M. 1 Naday, Istvan 2 Parker, Sherwood I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Biology Consortium, Chicago, IL, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  3: University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 524 Issue 1-3, p236; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.01.058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mestayer, M.D.
AU  - Mikhailov, K.R
AU  - Stavinskiy, A.V.
AU  - Vlassov, A.V.
T1  - Methods for studying close-track efficiency
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 524
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 313
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Wire chambers used for particle tracking suffer a loss of efficiency when the trajectories of two particles from the same event are very close together in space. We describe two new methods for the study of this close-track efficiency. One is based on the study of a correlation function for particles with different masses as a function of their relative momenta in the laboratory reference system. The other method is based on the analysis of artificial events, constructed by merging raw data from separate events. Both methods and the standard Monte Carlo method were applied to data from the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory. All three methods provide the same result for close-track efficiency with an accuracy sufficient for practical application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - NUMERICAL calculations
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - Close-track efficiency
KW  - Particle correlations
KW  - Track reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 13066904; Mestayer, M.D. 1 Mikhailov, K.R 2 Stavinskiy, A.V. 2 Vlassov, A.V. 2; Email Address: vlassov@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News VA 23606, USA  2: ITEP, B. Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow 117218, Russia; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 524 Issue 1-3, p306; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Subject Term: NUMERICAL calculations; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: Close-track efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle correlations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Track reconstruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.01.068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burr, Tom L.
AU  - Krick, Merlyn
AU  - Mielke, Angela
T1  - Statistical evaluation of two triggering systems: an application of conditional variance
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 524
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 314
EP  - 323
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Previous results related to measurement variances in neutron coincidence counting (NCC) indicate a disagreement between theory and experiment. In NCC, each detected neutron opens two coincidence gates and counts the number of neutrons that arrive within the allotted time period of the first neutron. Similarly, previous results for studying the alarm rate of a broadband radio-frequency collection system (to detect the radio-frequency emitted from nuclear explosions or lightning for example) are shown to lead to poor approximations for some parameter ranges. In a typical example of this type of system, the master trigger could alarm if five or more of eight sub-bands alarm within a specified time window beginning from an alarm from one or more sub-bands.We describe a simple but powerful statistical result involving conditional variance that corrects the previous results in both applications, and we demonstrate the adequacy of the results using real and simulated NCC data and simulated broadband radio-frequency data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - NUCLEAR explosions
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Conditional variance
KW  - Measurement variances
KW  - Multi-band triggering system
KW  - Neutron coincidence counting
N1  - Accession Number: 13066905; Burr, Tom L. 1; Email Address: tburr@lanl.gov Krick, Merlyn 2 Mielke, Angela 3; Affiliation:  1: Statistics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Safeguards Science and Technology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Space Data Systems, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 524 Issue 1-3, p314; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: NUCLEAR explosions; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conditional variance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Measurement variances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-band triggering system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron coincidence counting; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.01.072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaric, Sasa
AU  - Ostojic, Gordana N.
AU  - Kono, Junichiro
AU  - Shaver, Jonah
AU  - Moore, Valerie C.
AU  - Strano, Michael S.
AU  - Hauge, Robert H.
AU  - Smalley, Richard E.
AU  - Wei, Xing
T1  - Optical Signatures of the Aharonov-Bohm Phase inSingle-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/05/21/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5674
M3  - Article
SP  - 1129
EP  - 1131
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We report interband magneto-optical spectra for single-walled carbon nanotubes in high magnetic fields up to 45 tesla, confirming theoretical predictions that the band structure of a single-walled carbon nanotube is dependent on the magnetic flux Φ threading the tube. We have observed field-induced optical anisotropy as well as red shifts and splittings of absorption and photoluminescence peaks. The amounts of shifts and splittings depend on the value of Φ/Φ[sub0] and are quantitatively consistent with theories based on the Aharonov-Bohm effect These results represent evidence of the influence of the Aharonov-Bohm phase on the band gap of a solid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON -- Spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - OPTICAL spectrometers
KW  - NANOTUBES
N1  - Accession Number: 13268371; Zaric, Sasa 1,2,3 Ostojic, Gordana N. 2,3,4 Kono, Junichiro 2,3,4; Email Address: kono@rice.edu. Shaver, Jonah 1,2,3,5 Moore, Valerie C. 2,3,5,6 Strano, Michael S. 2,3,5,6 Hauge, Robert H. 2,3,5,6 Smalley, Richard E. 1,2,3,5,6 Wei, Xing 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.  2: Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.  3: Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.  5: Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.  6: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.  7: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Taliahassee, FL 32310, USA.; Source Info: 5/21/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5674, p1129; Subject Term: CARBON -- Spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL spectrometers; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2307
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freitas, A.
AU  - von Manteuffel, A.
AU  - Zerwas, P. M.
T1  - Slepton production at e + e- and e-e- linear colliders.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/05/22/
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 512
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - High-precision analyses are presented for the production of scalar sleptons, selectrons and smuons in supersymmetric theories, at future e + e- and e-e- linear colliders. Threshold production can be exploited for measurements of the selectron and smuon masses, an essential ingredient for the reconstruction of the fundamental supersymmetric theory at high scales. The production of selectrons in the continuum will allow us to determine the Yukawa couplings in the selectron sector, scrutinizing the identity of the Yukawa and gauge couplings, which is a basic consequence of supersymmetry. The theoretical predictions are elaborated at the one-loop level in the continuum, while at threshold non-zero width effects and Sommerfeld rescattering corrections are included. The phenomenological analyses are performed for e + e- and e-e- linear colliders with energy up to about 1 TeV and with high integrated luminosity up to 1 ab-1 to cover the individual slepton channels separately with high precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - GEARING
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 16767706; Freitas, A. 1 von Manteuffel, A. 2 Zerwas, P. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, IL 60510-500, Batavia, USA  2: DESY Theorie, Notkestr. 85, 22603, Hamburg, Germany; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p487; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: GEARING; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333612 Speed Changer, Industrial High-Speed Drive, and Gear Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2004-01744-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gill, Peter M. W.
AU  - Gordon, Mark S.
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
AU  - Radom, Leo
T1  - Remembrance: John A. Pople (1925–2004).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 9445
EP  - 9445
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Sir John Pople passed away on March 15, 2004, at the age of 78. He will be sorely missed by his many friends and colleagues, and by the greater scientific community. Pople was a teacher and a scientific inspiration. Everyone has aspired to emulate his objective, systematic, and insightful approach to science, which is briefly elaborated here. Within quantum chemistry, John Pople distinguished himself by defining and exploring what he termed theoretical model chemistries. In his Nobel address, Professor Pople outlined the quintessential steps in creating a model chemistry— to identify target accuracy, precisely formulate a general mathematical procedure, implement it as an efficient computational algorithm, thoroughly and systematically test the model, and apply the model objectively to chemical problems.
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - POPLE, John A., 1925-2004
N1  - Accession Number: 13029290; Gill, Peter M. W. 1 Gordon, Mark S. 2 Head-Gordon, Martin 3,4 Radom, Leo 5; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  5: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; Source Info: 5/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 20, p9445; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); People: POPLE, John A., 1925-2004; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757682
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tambelli, C. C.
AU  - Donoso, J. P.
AU  - Magon, C. J.
AU  - Bueno, L. A.
AU  - Messaddeq, Y.
AU  - Ribeiro, S. J. L.
AU  - de Oliveira, L. F. C.
AU  - Kosacki, I.
T1  - Glass structure and ion dynamics of lead–cadmium fluorgermanate glasses.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 9638
EP  - 9647
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Glass structure and fluorine motion dynamics are investigated in lead-cadmium fluorgermanate glasses by means of differential scanning calorimetry, Raman scattering, x-ray absorption (EXAFS), electrical conductivity (EC), and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Glasses with composition 60PbGeO3-xPbF2-yCdF2 (in mol%), with x+y=40 and x=10, 20, 30, 40, are studied. Addition of metal fluorides to the base PbGeO3 glass leads to a decrease of the glass transition temperature (Tg) and to an enhancement of the ionic conductivity properties. Raman and EXAFS data analysis suggest that metagermanate chains form the basic structural feature of these glasses. The NMR study leads to the conclusion that the F-F distances are similar to those found in pure crystalline phases. Experimental results suggest the existence of a heterogeneous glass structure at the molecular scale, which can be described by fluorine rich regions permeating the metagermanate chains. The temperature dependence of the NMR line shapes and relaxation times exhibits the qualitative and quantitative features associated with the high fluorine mobility in these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - LEAD
KW  - FLUORINE
N1  - Accession Number: 13029266; Tambelli, C. C. 1 Donoso, J. P. 1; Email Address: donoso@if.sc.usp.br Magon, C. J. 1 Bueno, L. A. 2 Messaddeq, Y. 2 Ribeiro, S. J. L. 2 de Oliveira, L. F. C. 3 Kosacki, I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, USP, P.O. Box 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil  2: Laboratory of Photonic Materials-Institute of Chemistry-UNESP, P.O. Box 355, 14801-970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil  3: Núcleo de Espectroscopia e Estrutura Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, UFJF, 36036-330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil  4: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: 5/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 20, p9638; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: FLUORINE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1712905
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tavares, F. W.
AU  - Bratko, D.
AU  - Striolo, A.
AU  - Blanch, H. W.
AU  - Prausnitz, J. M.
T1  - Phase behavior of aqueous solutions containing dipolar proteins from second-order perturbation theory.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/05/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 9859
EP  - 9869
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Due to the interplay of Coulombic repulsion and attractive dipolar and van der Waals interactions, solutions of globular proteins display a rich variety of phase behavior featuring fluid-fluid and fluid-solid transitions that strongly depend on solution pH and salt concentration. Using a simple model for charge, dispersion and dipole-related contributions to the interprotein potential, we calculate phase diagrams for protein solutions within the framework of second-order perturbation theory. For each phase, we determine the Helmholtz energy as the sum of a hard-sphere reference term and a perturbation term that reflects both the electrostatic and dispersion interactions. Dipolar effects can induce fluid-fluid phase separation or crystallization even in the absence of any significant dispersion attraction. Because dissolved electrolytes screen the charge-charge repulsion more strongly than the dipolar attraction, the ionic strength dependence of the potential of mean force can feature a minimum at intermediate ionic strengths offering an explanation for the observed nonmonotonic dependence of the phase behavior on salt concentration. Inclusion of correlations between charge-dipole and dipole-dipole interactions is essential for a reliable calculation of phase diagrams for systems containing charged dipolar proteins and colloids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - HELMHOLTZ equation
KW  - WAVE equation
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13029240; Tavares, F. W. 1,2 Bratko, D. 1,2 Striolo, A. 1,2 Blanch, H. W. 1,2 Prausnitz, J. M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1462.  2: Chem0ical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 5/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 20, p9859; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: HELMHOLTZ equation; Subject Term: WAVE equation; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1697387
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ugalde
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Dunietz
AU  - B.
AU  - Dreuw
AU  - A.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
AU  - Boyd
AU  - R. J.
T1  - The Spin Dependence of the Spatial Size of Fe(II) and of the Structure of Fe(II)-Porphyrins.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/05/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4653
EP  - 4657
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The question of why the iron displacement out of the porphyrin plane is enhanced in quintet states of singly ligated iron-porphyrin complexes compared to lower spin states and unligated iron-porphyrin is addressed. The spatial size of the Fe2+ atom is analyzed with respect to different spin states, and it is shown that the ion size decreases with increasing spin state for the d6 electronic configuration. This contradicts the common belief that the iron out-of-plane location in the quintet state of ligated Fe(II)-porphyrins is due to an increased required space of the iron within the porphyrin ring. Therefore, the singlet, triplet, and quintet ground states of imidazole-ligated iron-porphyrin have been calculated employing density functional theory, and the relevant molecular orbitals have been analyzed. Additional comparison with the unligated iron-porphyrin molecules reveals that the enhanced doming in the quintet state is the result of a combination of the weakening of the iron-ring nitrogen bonds by occupying antibonding orbitals and the repulsion between the imidazole ligand and the porphyrin ring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - IMIDAZOLES
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 13198910; Ugalde J. M. 1 Dunietz B. 1 Dreuw A. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1 Boyd R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, PK 1072, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain), Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S., B3H 4J3 Canada; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 108 Issue 21, p4653; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: IMIDAZOLES; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tam
AU  - C. N.
AU  - Trouw
AU  - F. R.
AU  - Iton
AU  - L. E.
T1  - Inelastic Neutron Scattering Study of the Activation of Molecular Hydrogen in Silver-Exchanged A Zeolite:  First Step in the Reduction to Metallic Silver at Low Temperature.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/05/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4737
EP  - 4743
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The initial steps in the reduction of Ag+ ions by H2 to produce metallic silver nanoparticles in silver cation-exchanged type A zeolite has been investigated in a novel way using inelastic neutron scattering (INS) to follow the reaction. The rotational tunneling excitations of the hydrogen adsorbed at low temperature were measured. The neutron scattering spectra show rotational tunneling peaks from the librational ground states of the adsorbed hydrogen. A transition at 0.3 meV is the lowest energy excitation ever observed for hydrogen adsorbed in a zeolite, and is characteristic of a σ-bond complex between a metal center and molecular hydrogen. The transition is assigned to a chemisorption complex between molecular hydrogen and the Ag32+ linear complex cation that has been proposed in X-ray diffraction studies of dehydrated Ag-A. Rotational tunneling peaks from H2 molecules physisorbed on individual Ag+ ions located at different sites in the zeolite are also observed. Warming the sample allows the reduction reaction to proceed, causing the rotational tunneling peaks to decrease and disappear irreversibly. New INS features appear that are attributed to H2 physisorbed on neutral Ag clusters. The results clearly demonstrate that the first step in the reduction of the silver is the formation of an intermediate [Ag32+···H2] complex rather than a dissociative adsorption of hydrogen, and that the reduction reaction proceeds via this complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 13198921; Tam C. N. 1 Trouw F. R. 1 Iton L. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source and Materials Science Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 108 Issue 21, p4737; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Zhaorong
AU  - Tan, Shun
AU  - Zhang, Yuheng
T1  - Magnetic anisotropy in colossal magnetoresistive FeCr2S4 single crystals
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/05/22/
VL  - 130
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 511
SN  - 00381098
AB  - The magnetic properties of spinel FeCr2S4 single crystals were investigated by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). The FMR spectrum displays a single absorption line in the whole temperature range measured for both H&par;(111) and H⊥(111). With decreasing temperature, the line with H&par;(111) shifts to lower fields, while that with H⊥(111) shifts to higher fields. By superposing all the FMR spectra measured in different directions at 110 K, a double-peak is obtained, which clarifies the origin of the FMR double-peak in polycrystalline sample. By taking account of magnetic anisotropy and demagnetizing effect, the orientation dependence of resonance field is well fitted. It is found that the magnetic anisotropy strengthens with decreasing temperature; however, it has no evident influence on transport and colossal magnetoresistance behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC resonance
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - D. Magnetic anisotropy
KW  - E. Ferromagnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 12852574; Yang, Zhaorong 1,2; Email Address: zhaorong.yang@fys.kuleuven.ac.be Tan, Shun 1,2 Zhang, Yuheng 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Structure Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Academia Sinica, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 130 Issue 8, p511; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Ferromagnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.03.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12852574&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jacobsohn, L. G.
AU  - Averitt, R. D.
AU  - Wetteland, C. J.
AU  - Schulze, R. K.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Daemen, L. L.
AU  - Jenei, Z.
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, P.
T1  - Role of intericosahedral chains on the hardness of sputtered boron carbide films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/24/
VL  - 84
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4173
EP  - 4175
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The relationship between the structure and mechanical properties of sputter-deposited boron carbide films was investigated. Changes in the structure induced by annealing were characterized in terms of chemical composition, chemical bonding, and concentrations of defects and trapped impurities. The creation of intericosahedral chains for higher annealing temperatures was revealed by infrared and Raman measurements, and the intensity of the infrared band at 1500 cm-1 was found to be related to the hardness. The presence of residual trapped Ar atoms and of open-volume defects is insensitive to relatively high annealing temperatures and does not influence the recovery of the hardness. Our results suggest postdeposition annealing as a pathway to enhance the mechanical properties of boron carbide films. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FILMSTRIPS
KW  - BORON
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - MICROPHOTOGRAPHY
KW  - INFRARED radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 13077540; Jacobsohn, L. G. 1; Email Address: Igjacob@lanl.gov Averitt, R. D. 1 Wetteland, C. J. 1 Schulze, R. K. 1 Nastasi, M. 1 Daemen, L. L. 2 Jenei, Z. 3 Asoka-Kumar, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: 5/24/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 21, p4173; Subject Term: FILMSTRIPS; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: MICROPHOTOGRAPHY; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1755841
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Kireev, V.
AU  - Braiman, Y.
T1  - Frequency locking and wavelength tuning of nanosecond pulsed broad-area semiconductor lasers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/24/
VL  - 84
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4265
EP  - 4267
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We discuss experimental results of frequency locking and wavelength tuning of a nanosecond pulsed broad-area semiconductor laser. Nanosecond optical pulses with peak power of 25 W and repetition rates of 4–240 kHz are generated from a broad-area laser. An external cavity with a diffractive grating is used to reduce the linewidth of the laser from over 5 nm to less than 0.1 nm. The wavelength of the pulsed laser is tunable over more than 10 nm. The dependence of the laser linewidth on pulse parameters has been investigated. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - WAVELENGTH division multiplexing
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
N1  - Accession Number: 13077509; Liu, Y. 1; Email Address: liuy2@ornl.gov Kireev, V. 1 Braiman, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 5/24/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 21, p4265; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: WAVELENGTH division multiplexing; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758782
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13077509&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seok Pil Jang
AU  - Choi, Stephen U. S.
T1  - Role of Brownian motion in the enhanced thermal conductivity of nanofluids.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/24/
VL  - 84
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4316
EP  - 4318
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have found that the Brownian motion of nanoparticles at the molecular and nanoscale level is a key mechanism governing the thermal behavior of nanoparticle–fluid suspensions (“nanofluids”). We have devised a theoretical model that accounts for the fundamental role of dynamic nanoparticles in nanofluids. The model not only captures the concentration and temperature-dependent conductivity, but also predicts strongly size-dependent conductivity. Furthermore, we have discovered a fundamental difference between solid/solid composites and solid/liquid suspensions in size-dependent conductivity. This understanding could lead to design of nanoengineered next-generation coolants with industrial and biomedical applications in high-heat-flux cooling. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - BROWNIAN motion processes
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - MARKOV processes
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 13077492; Seok Pil Jang 1,2 Choi, Stephen U. S. 1; Email Address: choi@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ilinois 60439.  2: School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Hankuk Aviation University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do,412-791, Korea.; Source Info: 5/24/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 21, p4316; Subject Term: CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: BROWNIAN motion processes; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: MARKOV processes; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1756684
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Wojtowicz, T.
AU  - Lim, W. L.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Dobrowolska, M.
AU  - Furdyna, J. K.
T1  - Direct evidence of the Fermi-energy-dependent formation of Mn interstitials in modulation-doped Ga1-yAlyAs/Ga1-xMnxAs/Ga1-yAlyAs heterostructures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/24/
VL  - 84
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4325
EP  - 4327
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using ion channeling techniques, we investigate the lattice locations of Mn in Ga1-xMnxAs quantum wells between Be-doped Ga1-yAlyAs barriers. Our earlier results showed that the Curie temperature TC depends on the growth sequence of the epitaxial layers. A lower TC was found in heterostructures in which the Ga1-xMnxAs layer is grown after the modulation-doped barrier. Here, we provide direct evidence that this reduction in TC is directly correlated with an increased formation of magnetically inactive Mn interstitials. The formation of interstitials is induced by a shift of the Fermi energy as a result of the transfer of holes from the barrier to the quantum well during the growth. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - IONS
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - QUANTUM statistics
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13077489; Yu, K. M. 1; Email Address: kmyu@lbl.gov Walukiewicz, W. 1 Wojtowicz, T. 2,3 Lim, W. L. 2 Liu, X. 2 Dobrowolska, M. 2 Furdyna, J. K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Electronic Materials Program, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556.  3: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland.; Source Info: 5/24/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 21, p4325; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM statistics; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758291
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13077489&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Fundamentals of pulsed plasmas for materials processing
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/05/24/
VL  - 183
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 311
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Pulsed plasmas use much higher power during each pulse compared to continuously operated plasmas. This feature and the appearance of additional new variables such as pulse duty cycle can lead to new, flexible, sometimes enabling processes for surface modification and thin film deposition, as discussed for plasma immersion ion processing, high power pulsed sputtering, thin film deposition with pulsed cathodic arcs and metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition. In all of these processes, transient sheaths are of great importance. The fundamentals of plasma sheaths are briefly reviewed. It is argued that the often-considered ion matrix sheath is only an educational case, whereas most realistic transient sheaths obey a time-dependent Child law. The recovery of pulsed sheaths is usually less considered than the formation of sheaths. If the pulse fall time normalized by the inverse ion plasma frequency is much greater than unity, sheath collapse can be simply described by a retreating Child law sheath. In the opposite case, electrons refill the ion space charge and complete recovery of the boundary layer is determined by ambipolar diffusion from the bulk plasma. The case of high power pulsed sputtering is discussed in greater detail, especially the appearance of a kink in the current–voltage characteristic, which changes its slope for current densities exceeding approximately 600 mA/cm2. It is suggested that high pulse power opens the possibility that self-sputtering can occur during each pulse, especially for target materials of high sputter yield. The necessary condition for self-sputtering is αβγ>1, where α, β and γ are the ionization probability, ion return probability and sputter yield, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA sheaths
KW  - THIN films
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - Pulsed plasma
KW  - Pulsed sputtering
KW  - Sheath
N1  - Accession Number: 13066397; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 53, Berkeley, CA 94720-8223, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 183 Issue 2/3, p301; Subject Term: PLASMA sheaths; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sheath; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.09.049
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iyer, Suri S.
AU  - Anderson, Aaron S.
AU  - Reed, Scott
AU  - Swanson, Basil
AU  - Schmidt, Jürgen G.
T1  - Synthesis of orthogonal end functionalized oligoethylene glycols of defined lengths
JO  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
JF  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/24/
VL  - 45
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4285
EP  - 4288
SN  - 00404039
AB  - The synthesis of oligoethylene glycols of defined lengths possessing different end functionalities is described. The utility of these molecules towards the development of a generic membrane anchor is demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORTHOGONAL arrays
KW  - GLYCOLS
KW  - HEXYLENE glycol
KW  - THIODIGLYCOL
KW  - Membrane anchor
KW  - Oligoethylene glycols
KW  - Reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 13064743; Iyer, Suri S. 1 Anderson, Aaron S. 1 Reed, Scott Swanson, Basil 1 Schmidt, Jürgen G.; Email Address: jschmidt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, MS E529, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 45 Issue 22, p4285; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL arrays; Subject Term: GLYCOLS; Subject Term: HEXYLENE glycol; Subject Term: THIODIGLYCOL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane anchor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oligoethylene glycols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reduction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.04.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kopalko, K.
AU  - Godlewski, M.
AU  - Guziewicz, E.
AU  - Lusakowska, E.
AU  - Paszkowicz, W.
AU  - Domagala, J.
AU  - Dynowska, E.
AU  - Szczerbakow, A.
AU  - Wójcik, A.
AU  - Phillips, M.R.
T1  - Monocrystalline thin films of ZnSe and ZnO grown by atomic layer epitaxy
JO  - Vacuum
JF  - Vacuum
Y1  - 2004/05/24/
VL  - 74
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
SN  - 0042207X
AB  - We report on the growth of monocrystalline thin films of ZnSe and ZnO by atomic layer epitaxy by simple reaction between elemental precursors. Structural and optical properties of these films are discussed with reference to the investigations performed with atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vacuum is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC compounds
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - Atomic layer epitaxy
KW  - Characterization
KW  - Synthesis
KW  - ZnO
KW  - ZnSe
N1  - Accession Number: 12962803; Kopalko, K. 1 Godlewski, M. 1,2; Email Address: godlew@ifpan.edu.pl Guziewicz, E. 1,3 Lusakowska, E. 1 Paszkowicz, W. 1 Domagala, J. 1 Dynowska, E. 1 Szczerbakow, A. 1 Wójcik, A. 2 Phillips, M.R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland  2: Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Science, Cardinal S. Wyszyñski University, Warsaw, Poland  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA  4: Microstructural Analysis Unit, UTS, Sydney, Australia; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 74 Issue 2, p269; Subject Term: ZINC compounds; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic layer epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnO; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnSe; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.vacuum.2003.12.139
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, K.
AU  - Russell, A.M.
T1  - Texture–strength relationships in a deformation processed Al–Sn metal–metal composite
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/05/25/
VL  - 373
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
EP  - 106
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A powder mixture of 80 vol.% face centered cubic (fcc) Al and 20 vol.% body centered tetragonal (bct) Sn was heavily deformed by extrusion and swaging to form a composite consisting of Sn filaments in an Al matrix. The fiber texture was determined by orientation imaging microscopy to be 〈1 0 0〉 for the Al and 〈1 0 0〉 for the Sn. The Sn phase deformed into a convoluted ribbon shape; a microstructure which has usually been attributed to texture of the filaments constraining their deformation to plane strain. Texture in a Sn filament deforming at room temperature is unlikely to limit Sn to a plane straining mode, which suggests that a different mechanism may be producing the ribbon-shape of these filaments. The 290 MPa ultimate tensile strength of the composite was greater than the rule-of-mixtures prediction. Comparisons are made with Al–Nb, Al–Ti and Al–Mg deformation processed metal–metal composites and to various strengthening models for metal–metal composites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - TIN
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Composite
KW  - Deformation processing
KW  - Orientation image microscopy
KW  - Tensile strength
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 13066236; Xu, K.; Email Address: kxu@morse.bwauto.com Russell, A.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 373 Issue 1/2, p99; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: TIN; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orientation image microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.12.036
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13066236&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDermott, Robert
AU  - Lee, SeungKyun
AU  - ten Haken, Bennie
AU  - Trabesinger, Andreas H.
AU  - Pines, Alexander
AU  - Clarke, John
T1  - Microtesla MRI with a superconducting quantum interference device.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/05/25/
VL  - 101
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 7857
EP  - 7861
SN  - 00278424
AB  - MRI scanners enable fast, noninvasive, and high-resolution imaging of organs and soft tissue. The images are reconstructed from NMR signals generated by nuclear spins that precess in a static magnetic field B0 in the presence of magnetic field gradients. Most clinical MRI scanners operate at a magnetic field B0 = 1.5 T, corresponding to a proton resonance frequency of 64 MHz. Because these systems rely on large superconducting magnets, they are costly and demanding of infrastructure. On the other hand, low-field imagers have the potential to be less expensive, less confining, and more mobile. The major obstacle is the intrinsically low sensitivity of the low-field NMR experiment. Here, we show that prepolarization of the nuclear spins and detection with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) yield a signal that is independent of B0, allowing acquisition of high-resolution MRls in microtesla fields. Reduction of the strength of the measurement field eliminates inhomogeneous broadening of the NMR lines, resulting in enhanced signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution for a fixed strength of the magnetic field gradients used to encode the image. We present high-resolution images of phantoms and other samples and T1-weighted contrast images acquired in highly inhomogeneous magnetic fields of 132 μT; here, T1 is the spin-lattice relaxation time. These techniques could readily be adapted to existing multichannel SQUID systems used for magnetic source imaging of brain signals. Further potential applications include low-cost systems for tumor screening and imaging peripheral regions of the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13575987; McDermott, Robert 1,2; Email Address: robertm@boulder.nist.gov Lee, SeungKyun 1,2 ten Haken, Bennie 1,2 Trabesinger, Andreas H. 1,3 Pines, Alexander 1,3 Clarke, John 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 5/25/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 21, p7857; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0402382101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaminska, E.
AU  - Piotrowska, A.
AU  - Golaszewska, K.
AU  - Kruszka, R.
AU  - Kuchuk, A.
AU  - Szade, J.
AU  - Winiarski, A.
AU  - Jasinski, J.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
T1  - ZnO–GaN tunnel junction for transparent ohmic contacts to p-GaN
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/05/26/
VL  - 371
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 132
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The fabrication procedure of transparent n+-ZnO–p-GaN ohmic junctions has been described. The influence of consecutive technological steps on the electrical, structural and electronic properties of the junction has been studied. The results indicate that the predeposition of Au nucleation film plays a crucial role for the final contact properties. The ohmic behaviour is explained in terms of formation of a tunnel n+-ZnO–p-GaN junction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - OHMIC contacts
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR junctions
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopies
KW  - Scanning and transmission microscopy
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Surfaces and interfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 13067677; Kaminska, E. 1; Email Address: eliana@ite.waw.pl Piotrowska, A. 1 Golaszewska, K. 1 Kruszka, R. 1 Kuchuk, A. 1 Szade, J. 2 Winiarski, A. 2 Jasinski, J. 3 Liliental-Weber, Z. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Electron Technology, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland  2: University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 371 Issue 1/2, p129; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: OHMIC contacts; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR junctions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning and transmission microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfaces and interfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.06.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yin, Ming
AU  - Gu, Yi
AU  - Kuskovsky, Igor L.
AU  - Andelman, Tamar
AU  - Zhu, Yimei
AU  - Neumark, G. F.
AU  - O'Brien, Stephen
T1  - Zinc Oxide Quantum Rods.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/26/
VL  - 126
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6206
EP  - 6207
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Zinc oxide, ZnO, is a wide band-gap semiconductor with a wide range of possible applications including blue-ultraviolet optoelectronic devices and piezoelectric devices. This paper reports a new synthesis of ZnO nanorods by thermal decomposition of zinc acetate in organic solvents in the presence of oleic acid, which produces relatively monodisperse ZnO nanorods (ZnO quantum rods) with diameters of 2 nm and lengths in the range 40-50 nm. Recent progress in the synthesis of transition metal oxide nanocrystals prompted experiments of researchers to prepare nanoscale ZnO.
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC devices
KW  - OLEIC acid
KW  - TRANSITION metal oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 13391129; Yin, Ming 1 Gu, Yi 1 Kuskovsky, Igor L. 1 Andelman, Tamar 1 Zhu, Yimei 2 Neumark, G. F. 1 O'Brien, Stephen 1; Email Address: so188@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.  2: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 5/26/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 20, p6206; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: OLEIC acid; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal oxides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja031696+
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giesbrecht, Garth R.
AU  - Gordon, John C.
AU  - Clark, David L.
AU  - Hay, P. Jeffrey
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Tait, C. Drew
T1  - A Comparative Study of π-Arene-Bridged Lanthanum Arylamide and Aryloxide Dimers. Solution Behavior, Exchange Mechanisms, and X-ray Crystal Structures of . . .
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/26/
VL  - 126
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6387
EP  - 6401
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Reaction of 3 equiv of 2,6-diisopropylaniline with La[N(SiMe3)2]3 produces the dimeric species La2(NHAr)6 (1). X-ray crystallography reveals a centrosymmetric structure, where the dimeric unit is bridged by intermolecular η6-arene interactions of a unique arylamide ligand attached to an adjacent metal center. Exposure of 1 to THF results in formation of the monomeric tris-THF adduct La(NHAr)3(THF)3 (2), which was shown by X-ray crystallography to maintain a fac-octahedral structure in the solid state. ¹H NMR spectroscopy illustrates that the binding of THF to 1 to form 2 is reversible and removal of THF under vacuum regenerates dimeric 1. Addition of pyridine to 1 yields the monomeric bis-pyridine adduct La(NHAr)3(py)2 (3), which exhibits a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal La metal center. Solution 1H NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy indicate that the pi;-rene-bridged dimeric structure of 1 is maintained in solution. Variable-temperature ¹H NMR spectroscopic investigations of 1 are consistent with a monomer-dimer equilibrium at elevated temperature. In contrast, variable-temperature ¹H NMR spectroscopic investigations of the aryloxide analogue La2(OAr)6 (4) show that the bridging and terminal aryloxide groups exchange by a mechanism in which the dimeric nature of the compound is retained. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out on model compounds La2(OC6H5)6, La2(NHC6H5)6, and (C6H5R)La(XC6H5)3, where X = O or NH and R = H, OH, or NH2. The formation of η6-arene interactions is energetically favored over monomeric LaX3 (X = OPh or NHPh) with the aryloxide π-arene interaction being stronger than the arylamide π-arene interaction. Calculation of vibrational frequencies reveals the origin of the observed IA spectral behavior of both La2(OC6H5)6 and La2(NHC6H5)6, with the higher energy v(C=C) stretch due to terminal ligands and the lower energy stretch associated with the bridging ligands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - X-rays
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13391167; Giesbrecht, Garth R. 1 Gordon, John C. 1; Email Address: john.gordon@science.doe.gov Clark, David L. 1 Hay, P. Jeffrey 1 Scott, Brian L. 1 Tait, C. Drew 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Materials Technology (NMT) Division, Chemistry (C) Division, the Glenn T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science and Theoretical (T) Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 5/26/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 20, p6387; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja0398262
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilcoxon, Jess Patrick
AU  - Provencio, Paula P.
T1  - Heterogeneous Growth of Metal Clusters from Solutions of Seed Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/05/26/
VL  - 126
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6402
EP  - 6408
SN  - 00027863
AB  - We describe the solution growth of a series of discrete sized generations of Au nanoparticles by the heterogeneous deposition of atoms onto monodisperse seed nanocrystals. The growth process was studied using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The size dispersion of each generation was determined from the SEC elution line widths and the spectral homogeneity of the elution peaks. The heterogeneous deposition of various amounts of Ag on Au nanocrystals and Au on Ag nanocrystals using the same synthetic protocol is also described. The effect of such deposition on the optical absorbance of each generation of larger clusters was measured during SEC using an on-line photodiode array absorbance detector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - METAL clusters
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - HOMOGENEITY
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - PHOTODIODES
N1  - Accession Number: 13391168; Wilcoxon, Jess Patrick 1; Email Address: jpwilco@sandia.gov Provencio, Paula P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nanostructures and Advanced Materials Chemistry, Department 1122, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1421.; Source Info: 5/26/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 20, p6402; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: METAL clusters; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: HOMOGENEITY; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja031622y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Govindaswamy, P.
AU  - Mozharivskyj, Yurij A.
AU  - Rao Kollipara, Mohan
T1  - Synthesis and characterization of cyclopentadienylruthenium(II) complexes containing N,<f>N′</f>-donor Schiff base ligands: crystal and molecular structure of [(<f>η5</f>-C5H5)Ru(C5H4N-2-CH&z.dbnd6;N–C6H4–p-OCH3)(PPh3)]PF6
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2004/05/27/
VL  - 23
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1567
EP  - 1572
SN  - 02775387
AB  - Complexes of the formulae [(<f>η5</f>-C5H5)Ru(PPh3)(C5H5N-2-CH&z.dbnd6;N–C6H4–p-X)]+ [X=H (2a), CH3 (2b), OCH3 (2c), Cl (2d), NO2 (2e)] and [(<f>η5</f>-C5H5)Ru(PPh3)(C5H5N-2-CH&z.dbnd6;N–C6H11)]+ (3) were prepared by reacting para-substituted N-(pyrid-2-ylmethylene)-phenylamines (2-PP) and N-(pyrid-2-ylmethylene)cyclohexylamine (2-PC) with [(<f>η5</f>-C5H5)Ru(PPh3)2Cl] (1) in methanol. These complexes have been isolated as hexa-fluorophosphate salts. Representative complex 2c has been established by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 2c crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group <f>Pbcn</f>, with <f>a=21.1560</f> (11) Å, <f>b=18.3972</f> (9) Å and <f>c=17.5130</f> (9) Å, <f>V=6816.3</f> (6) Å3 and <f>z=8</f>. All these complexes were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCHIFF bases
KW  - CONDENSATION products (Chemistry)
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - Cyclopentadienyl
KW  - Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Schiff bases
N1  - Accession Number: 13106684; Govindaswamy, P. 1 Mozharivskyj, Yurij A. 2 Rao Kollipara, Mohan 1; Email Address: kmrao@nehu.ac.in; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793 022, India  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 23 Issue 9, p1567; Subject Term: SCHIFF bases; Subject Term: CONDENSATION products (Chemistry); Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclopentadienyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schiff bases; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.poly.2004.03.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinez, Mario J.
AU  - Gartling, David K.
T1  - A finite element method for low-speed compressible flows
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/05/28/
VL  - 193
IS  - 21/22
M3  - Article
SP  - 1959
SN  - 00457825
AB  - The derivation and justification for various low-speed approximations to the fully compressible, Navier–Stokes equations are presented. A numerical formulation based on the finite element method is developed and implemented as an extension to the standard Boussinesq equations. Example steady and transient flow problems are simulated to examine the performance of the numerical algorithm and the solution differences with the more commonly studied Boussinesq approximation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Acoustically filtered
KW  - Finite element
KW  - Non-Boussinesq
N1  - Accession Number: 12778039; Martinez, Mario J. 1 Gartling, David K.; Email Address: dkgartl@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0826, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 193 Issue 21/22, p1959; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acoustically filtered; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-Boussinesq; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.049
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teske, Christopher A.
AU  - Blanch, Harvey W.
AU  - Prausnitz, John M.
T1  - Chromatographic measurement of interactions between unlike proteins
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2004/05/28/
VL  - 219
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
SN  - 03783812
AB  - A chromatographic method is used to measure ovalbumin-lysozyme and BSA-lysozyme interactions in aqueous salt solutions as a function of solution conditions (pH, ionic strength, salt type).  In this method, one protein is immobilized on the support surface, and the other, dissolved in a buffer/electrolyte solution, flows over that surface.  The retention time provides a measure of immobile/mobile protein–protein interactions.  Trends in ovalbumin-lysozyme interactions suggest that they are primarily electrostatic.  The identity of the electrolyte has a strong influence on the magnitude of the interaction.  Assuming a potential of mean force that contains a hard sphere, electrostatic, and square-well potential, experimental results are used to fit the square-well depth.  For BSA-lysozyme interactions, the square-well depth depends on which protein is immobilized on the solid phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - LYSOZYMES
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - GLYCOSIDASES
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - Mixture
KW  - Precipitation
KW  - Purification
KW  - Statistical mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 12964306; Teske, Christopher A. 1 Blanch, Harvey W. 1 Prausnitz, John M. 1,2; Email Address: prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 219 Issue 2, p139; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: LYSOZYMES; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: GLYCOSIDASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Purification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical mechanics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fluid.2004.01.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamada, Nazumi Alice
AU  - Hinz, John M.
AU  - Kopf, Vicki L.
AU  - Segalle, Kathryn D.
AU  - Thompson, Larry H.
T1  - XRCC3 ATPase Activity Is Required for Normal XRCC3-Rad51C Complex Dynamics and Homologous Recombination.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/28/
VL  - 279
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 23250
EP  - 23254
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Homologous recombinational repair preserves chromosomal integrity by removing double-strand breaks, cross-links, and other DNA damage. In eukaryotic cells, the Rad51 paralogs (XRCC2/3, Rad51B/C/D) are involved in this process, although their exact functions are largely undetermined. All five paralogs contain ATPase motifs, and XRCC3 exists in a single complex with Rad51C. To examine the function of this Rad51C-XRCC3 complex, we generated mammalian expression vectors that produce human wild-type XRCC3 or mutant XRCC3 with either a nonconservative mutation (K113A) or a conservative mutation (K113R) in the GKT Walker A box of the ATPase motif. The three vectors were independently transfected into Xrcc3-deficient irslSF Chinese hamster ovary cells. Wild-type XRCC3 complemented irs1SF cells, albeit to varying degrees, whereas ATPase mutants had no complementing activity, even when the mutant protein was expressed at comparable levels to that in wild-type-complemented clones. Because of dysfunction of the mutants, we propose that ATP binding and hydrolyzing activities of XRCC3 are essential. We tested in vitro complex formation by wild-type and mutant XRCC3 with His6-tagged Rad51C upon co-expression in bacteria, nickel-affinity purification, and Western blotting. Wild-type and K113A mutant XRCC3 formed stable complexes with Rad51C and co-purified with Rad51C, whereas the K113R mutant did not and was predominantly insoluble. The addition of 5 mM ATP but not ADP also abolished complex formation by the wild-type proteins. These results suggest that XRCC3 probably regulates the dissociation and formation of Rad51C-XRCC3 complex through ATP binding and hydrolysis with both processes being essential for the ability of the complex to participate in homologous recombinational repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC recombination
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - EUKARYOTIC cells
KW  - CELLS
N1  - Accession Number: 13600401; Yamada, Nazumi Alice 1 Hinz, John M. 1 Kopf, Vicki L. 1 Segalle, Kathryn D. 1 Thompson, Larry H. 1; Email Address: thompson14@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-0808; Source Info: 5/28/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 22, p23250; Subject Term: GENETIC recombination; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: EUKARYOTIC cells; Subject Term: CELLS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 14 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M402247200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saridakis, Vivian
AU  - Yakunin, Alexander
AU  - Xiaohui Xu
AU  - Anandakumar, Ponni
AU  - Pennycooke, Micha
AU  - Jun Gu
AU  - Cheung, Frederick
AU  - Lew, Jocelyne M.
AU  - Sanishvili, Ruslan
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Arrowsmith, Cheryl H.
AU  - Crhistendat, Dinesh
AU  - Edwards, Aled M.
T1  - The Structural Basis for Methylmalonic Aciduria.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/05/28/
VL  - 279
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 23646
EP  - 23653
SN  - 00219258
AB  - ATP:cobalamin adenosyltransferase MMAB was recently identified as the gene responsible for a disorder of cobalamin metabolism in humans (cblB complementation group). The crystal structure of the MMAB sequence homologue from Thermoplasma acidophilum (TA1434; GenBank™ identification number gi16082403) was determined to a resolution of 1.5 Å, TA1434 was confirmed to be an ATP:cobalamin adenosyltransferase, which depended absolutely on divalent metal ions (Mg2+ > Mn2+ > Co2+) and only used ATP or dATP as adenosyl donors. The apparent Km of TA1434 was 110 µM (kcat = 0.23 s-1) for ATP, 140 µM (kcat = 0.11 s-1) for dATP, and 3 pM (kcat = 0.18 s-1) for cobalamin. TA1434 is a trimer in solution and in the crystal structure, with each subunit composed of a five-helix bundle. The location of disease. related point mutations and other residues conserved among the homologues of TA1434 suggest that the active site lies at the junctions between the subunits. Mutations in TA1434 that correspond to the disease-related mutations resulted in proteins that were inactive for ATP:cobalamin adenosyltransferase activity in vitro, confirming that these mutations define the molecular basis of the human disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VITAMIN B12
KW  - IONS
KW  - COMPLEMENTATION (Genetics)
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13600450; Saridakis, Vivian 1 Yakunin, Alexander 1 Xiaohui Xu 2 Anandakumar, Ponni 2 Pennycooke, Micha 2 Jun Gu 2 Cheung, Frederick 2 Lew, Jocelyne M. 3 Sanishvili, Ruslan 4 Joachimiak, Andrzej 4 Arrowsmith, Cheryl H. 1,2,3,5 Crhistendat, Dinesh 6 Edwards, Aled M. 1,3,7; Email Address: aled.edwards@utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L6, Canada  2: Clinical Genomics Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada  3: Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L6, Canada  4: Biosciences Division, Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, ARgonne, Illinois 60439  5: Division of Molecular and Structural Biology, Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada  6: Department of Botany, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 3B2, Canada  7: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada; Source Info: 5/28/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 22, p23646; Subject Term: VITAMIN B12; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTATION (Genetics); Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M401395200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Casjens, Sherwood
AU  - Winn-Stapley, Danella A.
AU  - Gilcrease, Eddie B.
AU  - Morona, Renato
AU  - Kühlewein, Christiane
AU  - Chua, James E. H.
AU  - Manning, Paul A.
AU  - Inwood, William
AU  - Clark, Alvin J.
T1  - The Chromosome of Shigella flexneri Bacteriophage Sf6: Complete Nucleotide Sequence, Genetic Mosaicism, and DNA Packaging
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/05/28/
VL  - 339
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 394
SN  - 00222836
AB  - Shigella flexneri temperate bacteriophage Sf6 is of interest in part because its prophage expresses the oac gene that alters the antigenic properties of the surface O-antigen polysaccharide of its host bacterium. We have determined the complete sequence of its 39,044 bp genome. The sequence shows that Sf6 is a member of the canonical lambdoid phage group, and like other phages of this type has a highly mosaic genome. It has chromosomal regions that encode proteins >80% identical with at least 15 different previously characterized lambdoid phages and prophages, but 43% of the genome, including the virion assembly genes, is homologous to the genome of one phage, HK620. An analysis of the nucleotide differences between Sf6 and HK620 indicates that even these similar regions are highly mosaic. This mosaicism suggests ways in which the virion structural proteins might interact with each other. The Sf6 early operons are arranged like a typical lambdoid phage, with “boundary sequences” often found between functional modules in the “metabolic” genome domain. By virtue of high degree of similarity in the encoding genes and their DNA target sites, we predict that the integrase, early transcription anti-terminator, CI and Cro repressors, and CII protein of Sf6 have DNA binding specificities very similar to the homologous proteins encoded by phages HK620, λ, 434 and P22, respectively. The late operon contains two tRNA genes. The Sf6 terminase genes are unusual. Analysis of in vivo initiation of the DNA packaging series showed that the Sf6 apparatus that recognizes DNA for packaging appears to cleave DNA for initiation of packaging series at many sites within a large region of about 1800 bp that includes a possible pac site. This is unlike previously characterized phage packaging mechanisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - MOSAICS (Genetics)
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - bacteriophage Sf6
KW  - bsq, boundary sequence
KW  - CAI, codon index adaptation
KW  - DNA packaging
KW  - evolution
KW  - LPS, lipopolysaccharide
KW  - mosaic genome
KW  - pac, packaging recognition site
KW  - RSCU, relative synonymous codon usage
KW  - SSB, single-stranded DNA-binding protein
N1  - Accession Number: 13060792; Casjens, Sherwood 1; Email Address: sherwood.casjens@path.utah.edu Winn-Stapley, Danella A. 1 Gilcrease, Eddie B. 1 Morona, Renato 2 Kühlewein, Christiane 2 Chua, James E. H. 2 Manning, Paul A. 2 Inwood, William 3 Clark, Alvin J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology, University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA  2: Department of Molecular Biosciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS74-157, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 339 Issue 2, p379; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: MOSAICS (Genetics); Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: bacteriophage Sf6; Author-Supplied Keyword: bsq, boundary sequence; Author-Supplied Keyword: CAI, codon index adaptation; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA packaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: LPS, lipopolysaccharide; Author-Supplied Keyword: mosaic genome; Author-Supplied Keyword: pac, packaging recognition site; Author-Supplied Keyword: RSCU, relative synonymous codon usage; Author-Supplied Keyword: SSB, single-stranded DNA-binding protein; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.03.068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Im, Hee-Jung
AU  - Barnes, Craig E.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Xue, Ziling
T1  - Mechanistic investigation of hydrolysis reactions of dithioacetal derivatives grafted on silica gels
JO  - Talanta
JF  - Talanta
Y1  - 2004/05/28/
VL  - 63
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
SN  - 00399140
AB  - Silica gels believed to be grafted with dithioacetal derivatives were recently used for Hg(II) extraction, and were found to selectively remove 94–100% of Hg2+ ions from metal ion mixtures. The current studies with one derivative suggest that the functional group in the Hg(II) removal is the mercapto (&z.sbnd;SH) ligand. The dithioacetal group in (ClCOCH2S)2CHPh (<B>2</B>) was hydrolyzed during its reaction with amine (&z.sbnd;O)3Si(CH2)3NH2 (<B>3</B>) grafted on silica gel to give the mercapto ligand (&z.sbnd;O)3Si&z.sbnd;(CH2)3NHCOCH2SH (<B>4</B>). The silica gel grafted with the mercapto ligand <B>4</B> selectively removed Hg2+ ions with reported high capacities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Talanta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA gel
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - Functional silica gels
KW  - Hydrolysis of dithioacetals
KW  - Mercapto ligands
KW  - Mercury(II) separation
N1  - Accession Number: 12898983; Im, Hee-Jung 1 Barnes, Craig E. 1 Dai, Sheng 2 Xue, Ziling 1; Email Address: xue@novell.chem.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 63 Issue 2, p259; Subject Term: SILICA gel; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Functional silica gels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrolysis of dithioacetals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercapto ligands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury(II) separation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.talanta.2003.10.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carter, Kathleen M.
AU  - George, John S.
AU  - Rector, David M.
T1  - Simultaneous birefringence and scattered light measurements reveal anatomical features in isolated crustacean nerve
JO  - Journal of Neuroscience Methods
JF  - Journal of Neuroscience Methods
Y1  - 2004/05/30/
VL  - 135
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 01650270
AB  - Simultaneous fast birefringence and scattered light changes associated with crustacean nerve activation have different time courses and are produced by separate biophysical mechanisms. Technological advances in illumination, photodiodes and amplification circuitry achieved better signal-to-noise than earlier studies revealing optical signals in axonal nerve bundles as small as crayfish ventral cord and claw. The birefringence measurements yielded signals that could be observed in single trials, with temporally separated peaks associated with axonal populations of different diameters. A slit aperture placed perpendicular to the nerve reduced the spatial-temporal integration and enhanced the temporal structure of the separate peaks in the birefringence signal. Moving the slit aperture farther from the stimulation point delayed the signal in time, and also enhanced the separation between peaks. Different propagation velocities of the separate peaks provided evidence for at least three neuronal populations in the bundle. These studies underscore the advantages of birefringence over scattering measurements. Application of birefringence methods can optimize non-invasive imaging techniques being developed to detect fast optical responses associated with electrical neural activity in humans. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neuroscience Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - PHOTODIODES
KW  - NOISE
KW  - TEMPORAL integration
KW  - Axon
KW  - Lobster
KW  - Neuron
KW  - Optical
KW  - Polarized
KW  - Propagation velocity
KW  - Swelling
N1  - Accession Number: 12502786; Carter, Kathleen M. 1; Email Address: kcarter@vetmed.wsu.edu George, John S. 2; Email Address: jsg@lanl.gov Rector, David M. 1; Email Address: drector@vetmed.wsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: VCAPP Department, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646520, Pullman, WA 99164, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Biophysics Group P-21, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 135 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: TEMPORAL integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Axon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lobster; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neuron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarized; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propagation velocity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Swelling; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.11.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dolag, Klaus
AU  - Bartelmann, Matthias
AU  - Moscardin, Lauro
AU  - Perrotta, Francesca
AU  - Baccigalup, Carlo
AU  - Meneghett, Massimo
AU  - Tormen, Giuseppe
T1  - PROPERTIES OF GALAXY CLUSTERS IN COSMOLOGIES WITH DARK ENERGY.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/05/30/
VL  - 19
IS  - 13-16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1079
EP  - 1082
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - We study the concentration parameters, their mass dependence and redshift evolution, of dark-matter halos in different dark-energy cosmologies with constant and time-variable equation of state, and compare them with "standard" ΛCDM and OCDM models. The dependence of averaged halo concentrations on mass and redshift permits a simple fit of the form (1+z)c=c0(M/M0)α, with α≈-0.1 throughout. We find that the cluster concentration depends on the dark energy equation of state at the cluster formation redshift zcoll through the linear growth factor D+(zcoll). As a simple correction accounting for dark-energy cosmologies, we propose scaling c0 from ΛCDM with the ratio of linear growth factors, c0→c0D+(zcoll)/D+,ΛCDM(zcoll). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HALOS (Meteorology)
KW  - GALAXIES -- Clusters
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - Cosmology
KW  - Dark Energy
KW  - Galaxy Clusters
N1  - Accession Number: 13533551; Dolag, Klaus 1; Email Address: kdolog@pd.astro.it Bartelmann, Matthias 2 Moscardin, Lauro 3 Perrotta, Francesca 3 Baccigalup, Carlo 3 Meneghett, Massimo 4 Tormen, Giuseppe 4; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Astronomia, Università di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 2, 35122 Padova, Italy.  2: Dipartimento di Astromomia, Università di Bologna.  3: SISSA, Trieste, Italy & Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA.  4: ITA, Universitãt Heidelberg.; Source Info: 5/30/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 13-16, p1079; Subject Term: HALOS (Meteorology); Subject Term: GALAXIES -- Clusters; Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark Energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy Clusters; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meneghetti, Massimo
AU  - Dolag, Klaus
AU  - Tormen, Giuseppe
AU  - Bartelmann, Matthias
AU  - Moscardini, Lauro
AU  - Perrotta, Francesca
AU  - Baccigalupi, Carlo
T1  - ARC STATISTICS WITH NUMERICAL CLUSTER MODELS IN DARK ENERGY COSMOLOGIES.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/05/30/
VL  - 19
IS  - 13-16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
EP  - 1087
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - We perform a set of ray-tracing simulations, using numerical cluster models, aiming at evaluating how the galaxy cluster efficiency for producing strong lensing events changes in different cosmological models with dark energy. The sample of investigated clusters for which we present our results here is composed by 7 dark matter halos. Each of them was simulated in 8 different cosmological models with constant and time-variable equation of state of dark energy. For all the clusters in the sample, we have measured the lensing cross sections for producing giant arcs, i.e. arcs having a minimum length-to-width ratio. We find that the lensing cross section for giant arcs is sensitive to the equation of state of quintessence. Indeed, the optical depth, which can be translated into a number of arcs by multiplying by the correct density of source galaxy on the sky, spans more than one order of magnitude among different cosmological models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - GALAXIES -- Clusters
KW  - SUPERCLUSTERS
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - Cosmology
KW  - Galaxy Clusters
KW  - Gravitational Lensing
N1  - Accession Number: 13533550; Meneghetti, Massimo 1; Email Address: meneghetti@pd.astro.it Dolag, Klaus 2 Tormen, Giuseppe 2 Bartelmann, Matthias 3 Moscardini, Lauro 4 Perrotta, Francesca 5 Baccigalupi, Carlo 5; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Astronornia, Università di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 2, 85122 Padova, Italy.  2: Dipartimerito di Astronomia, Università di Padova.  3: ITA, Universität Heidelberg.  4: Dipartimento di Astronomia, Università di Bologna.  5: SISSA, Trieste, Italy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA.; Source Info: 5/30/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 13-16, p1083; Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: GALAXIES -- Clusters; Subject Term: SUPERCLUSTERS; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Galaxy Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gravitational Lensing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mekellar, B. H. J.
AU  - Garbutt, M.
AU  - Goldman, T.
AU  - Stephenson Jr., G. J.
T1  - TERRESTRIAL, ASTROPHYSICAL AND COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF A BACKGROUND NEUTRINO DENSITY.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/05/30/
VL  - 19
IS  - 13-16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1155
EP  - 1162
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - We discuss the implications of a new scalar field coupled to neutrinos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - DARK energy (Astronomy)
KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - dark energy
KW  - neutrino mass
KW  - ultra high energy cosmic rays
N1  - Accession Number: 13533540; Mekellar, B. H. J. 1; Email Address: mckellar@physics.unimelb.edu.au Garbutt, M. 1 Goldman, T. 2 Stephenson Jr., G. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3010.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.; Source Info: 5/30/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 13-16, p1155; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: DARK energy (Astronomy); Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: dark energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrino mass; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultra high energy cosmic rays; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Mikkel B.
AU  - Kisslinger, L. S.
AU  - Henley, E. M.
AU  - Hwang, W-Y. P.
AU  - Stevens, T.
T1  - NON-ABELIAN DYNAMICS IN FIRST-ORDER COSMOLOGICAL PHASE TRANSITIONS.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/05/30/
VL  - 19
IS  - 13-16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1187
EP  - 1194
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - Bubble collisions in cosmological phase transitions are explored, taking the non-abelian character of the gauge fields into account. Both the QCD and electroweak phase transitions are considered. Numerical solutions of the field equations in several limits are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUBBLE dynamics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Astrophysics)
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - METAPHYSICS
KW  - KINETIC theory of matter
KW  - bubble collisions
KW  - cosmological phase transitions
KW  - non-abelian fields
N1  - Accession Number: 13533536; Johnson, Mikkel B. 1; Email Address: mbjohnson@lanl.gov Kisslinger, L. S. 2 Henley, E. M. 3 Hwang, W-Y. P. 4 Stevens, T. 5; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  2: Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15218, USA.  3: Department of Physics, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA.  4: Department of Physics, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan 106 R.O.C.  5: Department of Physics, New Mexico State University Las Cruces, NM 88008, USA.; Source Info: 5/30/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 13-16, p1187; Subject Term: BUBBLE dynamics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Astrophysics); Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: METAPHYSICS; Subject Term: KINETIC theory of matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: bubble collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmological phase transitions; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-abelian fields; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, C.-Y.
AU  - Lamoreaux, S. K.
T1  - A NEW SEARCH FOR A PERMANENT DIPOLE MOMENT OF THE ELECTRON IN A SOLID STATE SYSTEM.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/05/30/
VL  - 19
IS  - 13-16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1235
EP  - 1238
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - Measurements of the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutron and the electron put the most stringent constraints on new sources of CP violation. CP violation is essential for generating the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe (BAU). Many models which propose large CP-odd mechanisms for BAU predict EDMs that exceed the limits of the most sensitive measurements. We are conducting a high sensitivity search for the electron EDM using a solid state system. It promises orders of magnitude improvement over atomic beam experiments solely from the available electron density. We present the experimental design and report on the current status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - CP violation
KW  - Electric dipole moment
KW  - Solid State System
N1  - Accession Number: 13533528; Liu, C.-Y. 1; Email Address: cylie@lanl.gov Lamoreaux, S. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 5/30/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 13-16, p1235; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CP violation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric dipole moment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid State System; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jin, Z. Q.
AU  - Cui, B. Z.
AU  - Liu, J. P.
AU  - Ding, Y.
AU  - Wang, Z. L.
AU  - Thadhani, N. N.
T1  - Controlling the crystallization and magnetic properties of melt-spun Pr2Fe14B/α-Fe nanocomposites by Joule heating.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/31/
VL  - 84
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4382
EP  - 4384
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Pr2Fe14B/α-Fe based nanocomposites have been prepared through crystallization of melt-spun amorphous Pr7Tb1Fe85Nb0.5Zr0.5B6 ribbons by means of ac Joule heating while simultaneously monitoring room-temperature electrical resistance R. The R value shows a strong variation with respect to applied current I, and is closely related to the amorphous-to-nanocrystalline phase transformation. The curve of R versus I allows one to control the crystallization behavior during Joule heating and to identify the heat-treatment conditions for optimum magnetic properties. A coercivity of 550 kA/m and a maximum energy product of 128 kJ/m3 have been obtained upon heating the amorphous ribbons at a current of 2.0 A. These properties are around 30% higher than the values of samples prepared by conventionally (furnace) annealed amorphous ribbons. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - RIBBONS
KW  - HEATING -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154722; Jin, Z. Q. 1,2 Cui, B. Z. 2,3 Liu, J. P. 2; Email Address: pliu@uta.edu Ding, Y. 1 Wang, Z. L. Thadhani, N. N.; Email Address: naresh.thadhani@mse.gatech.edu; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia  2: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida; Source Info: 5/31/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 22, p4382; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: RIBBONS; Subject Term: HEATING -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423730 Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424310 Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313230 Nonwoven Fabric Mills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313220 Narrow Fabric Mills and Schiffli Machine Embroidery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414130 Piece goods, notions and other dry goods merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, X. J.
AU  - Tsetseris, L.
AU  - Rashkeev, S. N.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Pantelides, S. T.
AU  - Felix, J. A.
AU  - Gusev, E. P.
AU  - C. D'Emic
T1  - Negative bias-temperature instabilities in metal–oxide–silicon devices with SiO2 and SiOxNy/HfO2 gate dielectrics.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/31/
VL  - 84
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4394
EP  - 4396
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Negative bias-temperature instability (NBTI) in metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitors with SiOxNy/HfO2 gate dielectrics is compared to those with thermal SiO2 oxides. Activation energies for interface and oxide-trap charge densities for each device type, estimated from capacitance–voltage measurements versus temperature and electric field, lie in the range 0.2–0.4 eV. This suggests that the release of hydrogen from, e.g., oxide protrusions in Si, followed by the lateral motion of protons along the interface (activation energy ∼0.3 eV), may play a key role in NBTI. Passivation reactions between protons and Si–H can create interface traps, and proton capture by sub-oxide bonds (O vacancies) can lead to positive trapped-oxide charge. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154718; Zhou, X. J. 1; Email Address: xing.zhou@vanderbilt.edu Tsetseris, L. 2 Rashkeev, S. N. 2 Fleetwood, D. M. 3 Schrimpf, R. D. 1 Pantelides, S. T. 2 Felix, J. A. 4 Gusev, E. P. 5 C. D'Emic 5; Affiliation:  1: Electrical Engineering Department, Vanderbilt University, Station, Nashville, Tennessee  2: Physics and Astronomy Department, Vanderbilt University, Station, Nashville, Tennessee  3: Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, and Physics and Astronomy Department, Vanderbilt University, Station, Nashville, Tennessee  4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico  5: IBM Semiconductor Research and Development Center, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York; Source Info: 5/31/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 22, p4394; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757636
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Heald, S. M.
AU  - Droubay, T.
AU  - Engelhard, M. H.
AU  - Kaspar, T. C.
AU  - McCready, D. E.
AU  - Saraf, L.
AU  - Chambers, S. A.
AU  - Mun, B. S.
AU  - Hamdan, N.
AU  - Nachimuthu, P.
AU  - Taylor, B.
AU  - Sears, R. P.
AU  - Sinkovic, B.
T1  - Room-temperature ferromagnetism in ion-implanted Co-doped TiO2(110) rutile.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/31/
VL  - 84
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4466
EP  - 4468
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Ferromagnetic Co-doped rutile TiO2 single crystals were synthesized by high-temperature ion implantation and characterized by a variety of techniques. Co is uniformly distributed to a depth of ∼300 nm with an average concentration of ∼2 at. %, except in the near-surface region, where the concentration is ∼3 at. %. Ferromagnetic behavior is exhibited at room temperature with an effective saturation magnetization of ∼0.6 μB/Co atom. The Co is in a formal oxidation state of +2 throughout the implanted region, and no Co(O) is detected. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - RUTILE
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154694; Shutthanandan, V. 1; Email Address: shuttha@pnl.gov Thevuthasan, S. 1 Heald, S. M. 1 Droubay, T. 1 Engelhard, M. H. 1 Kaspar, T. C. 1 McCready, D. E. 1 Saraf, L. 1 Chambers, S. A. 1 Mun, B. S. 2 Hamdan, N. 2 Nachimuthu, P. 2 Taylor, B. 3 Sears, R. P. 3 Sinkovic, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  3: Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; Source Info: 5/31/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 22, p4466; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: RUTILE; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753652
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gagliardi, M. S.
AU  - Ren, Y.
AU  - Mitchell, J. F.
AU  - Beno, M. A.
T1  - Magnetic-field-induced structural homogeneity of a phase-separated manganite.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/05/31/
VL  - 84
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4538
EP  - 4540
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Magnetic field (MF) dependence of the phase separation (PS) in the manganite Pr0.65(Ca0.7Sr0.3)0.35MnO3 was studied using high-energy x-ray powder diffraction. The compound shows intrinsic inhomogeneities in the form of coexisting competing phases below a temperature Tc. Application of MFs not only eliminates the multiple phases below Tc but also significantly affects the structure above Tc. The MF-induced structural phase transition occurs abruptly at 2 K but is smooth at higher temperatures. Moreover, the MF dependence of some reflection intensities clearly indicates a complicated PS. This MF-induced homogeneity should play a key role in the colossal magnetoresistance effect. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - TRANSISTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154670; Gagliardi, M. S. 1 Ren, Y. 1; Email Address: yren@anl.gov Mitchell, J. F. 1 Beno, M. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 5/31/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 22, p4538; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758777
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Z.C.
AU  - Jin, J.J.
AU  - Bautista, F.
AU  - Lyons, L.J.
AU  - Shariatzadeh, N.
AU  - Sherlock, D.
AU  - Amine, K.
AU  - West, R.
T1  - Ion conductive characteristics of cross-linked network polysiloxane-based solid polymer electrolytes
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/05/31/
VL  - 170
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 238
SN  - 01672738
AB  - A series of cross-linked network polysiloxanes containing oligoethylene oxide units, (OCH2CH2)n, as internal free chains have been synthesized by performing hydrosilylation of partially PEO-substituted polysiloxane precursor with α, ω-diallyl terminated poly(ethylene glycol). The polymer electrolytes were formed by complexing with LiN(CF3SO2)2 electrolyte salt and exhibited superior conductive property. The σRT of the network polymer electrolytes is in the range of 2.50×10-5 to 1.62×10-4 S/cm and depends on the cross-linking density (in terms of Si–H amount of the siloxane precursor), repeating unit number of internal oligoethylene oxide and chain length of the cross-linker. The significant enhancement of the conductivity was observed when low molecular weight dimethyl poly(ethylene glycol) was added as plasticizer. The temperature dependence of the ionic conductivity was also studied, following the Vogel–Tamman–Fulcher (VTF) equation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIC mobility
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - IONS -- Migration & velocity
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - Cross-linked network
KW  - Ionic conductivity
KW  - Polysiloxane
KW  - Solid polymer electrolytes
N1  - Accession Number: 13388763; Zhang, Z.C. 1; Email Address: zczhang@chem.wisc.edu Jin, J.J. 2 Bautista, F. 2 Lyons, L.J. 2 Shariatzadeh, N. 1 Sherlock, D. 1 Amine, K. 3 West, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Organosilicon Research Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA 50112, USA  3: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: May2004, Vol. 170 Issue 3/4, p233; Subject Term: IONIC mobility; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: IONS -- Migration & velocity; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-linked network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polysiloxane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid polymer electrolytes; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.04.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banumathi, Sankaran
AU  - Zwart, Petrus H.
AU  - Ramagopal, Udupi A.
AU  - Dauter, Miroslawa
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
T1  - Structural effects of radiation damage and its potential for phasing.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1085
EP  - 1093
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - A detailed analysis of radiation-damage-induced structural and intensity changes is presented on the model protein thaumatin. Changes in reflection intensities induced by irradiation display a parabolic character. The most pronounced structural changes observed were disulfide-bond breakage and associated main-chain and side-chain movements as well as decarboxylation of aspartate and glutamate residues. The structural changes induced on the sulfur atoms were successfully used to obtain high-quality phase estimates via an RIP procedure. Results obtained with ACORN suggest that the contribution originating from the partial structure may play an important role in phasing even at less than atomic resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - THAUMATINS
KW  - ASPARTIC acid
KW  - RADIATION injuries
KW  - ASPARTATE aminotransferase
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - DECARBOXYLATION
KW  - ELIMINATION reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 13501316; Banumathi, Sankaran 1 Zwart, Petrus H. 2 Ramagopal, Udupi A. 1,3 Dauter, Miroslawa 2 Dauter, Zbigniew 1; Email Address: dauter@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Synchotron Radiation Research Section, MCL, National Cancer Institute, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: SAIC Frederick Inc, Basic Research Program, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 60 Issue 6, p1085; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: THAUMATINS; Subject Term: ASPARTIC acid; Subject Term: RADIATION injuries; Subject Term: ASPARTATE aminotransferase; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: DECARBOXYLATION; Subject Term: ELIMINATION reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janda, Izabela
AU  - Devedjiev, Yancho
AU  - Cooper, David
AU  - Chruszcz, Maksymilian
AU  - Derewenda, Urzula
AU  - Gabrys, Aleksandra
AU  - Minor, Wladek
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Derewanda, Zygmunt S.
T1  - Harvesting the high-hanging fruit: the structure of the YdeN gene product from Bacillus subtilis at 1.8 Å resolution.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1101
EP  - 1107
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - High-throughput (HT) protein crystallography is severely impeded by the relatively low success rate of protein crystallization. Proteins whose structures are not solved in the HT pipeline owing to attrition in any phase of the project are referred to as the high-hanging fruit, in contrast to those proteins that yielded good-quality crystals and crystal structures, which are referred to as low-hanging fruit. It has previously been shown that proteins that do not crystallize in the wild-type form can have their surfaces engineered by site-directed mutagenesis in order to create patches of low conformational entropy that are conducive to forming intermolecular interactions. The application of this method to selected proteins from the Bacillus subtilis genome which failed to crystallize in the HT mode is now reported. In this paper, the crystal structure of the product of the YdeN gene is reported. Of three prepared double mutants, i.e. E124A/K127A, E167A/E169A and K88A/Q89A, the latter gave high-quality crystals and the crystal structure was solved by SAD at 1.8 Å resolution. The protein is a canonical α/β hydrolase, with an active site that is accessible to solvent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - BACILLUS subtilis
KW  - INTERMOLECULAR forces
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - HYDROLASES
KW  - CANDIED fruit
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 13501542; Janda, Izabela 1 Devedjiev, Yancho 1 Cooper, David 1 Chruszcz, Maksymilian 1 Derewenda, Urzula 1 Gabrys, Aleksandra 1 Minor, Wladek 1 Joachimiak, Andrzej 2 Derewanda, Zygmunt S. 1; Email Address: zsd4n@virginia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0736, USA  2: Biosciences Division and Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 202, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 60 Issue 6, p1101; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: BACILLUS subtilis; Subject Term: INTERMOLECULAR forces; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: HYDROLASES; Subject Term: CANDIED fruit; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 311340 Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shuisong Ni
AU  - McAteer, Kathleen
AU  - Bussiere, Dirksen E.
AU  - Kennedy, Michael A.
T1  - Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of an Enterococcus faecalis repressor protein, CylR2, involved in regulating cytolysin production through quorum-sensing.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1145
EP  - 1148
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - CylR2 is one of two regulatory proteins associated with the quorumsensing-dependent synthesis of cytolysin in the common pathogen Enterococcus faecalis. The protein was expressed with a C-terminal six-histidine tag and purified to homogeneity with a cobalt-affinity column followed by size-exclusion chromatography. Both native and SeMet proteins were produced and crystallized. Complete X-ray diffraction data sets were collected from a native crystal, which diffracted to 2.3 Å resolution, and a SeMet crystal, which diffracted to 2.1 Å. The crystals were tetragonal, belonging to space group P41 or P43, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 66.2, c = 40.9 Å, α= β = γ=90°. Based on the calculated Matthews coefficient of 2.6 ų Da-1 as well as analysis of anomalous difference Patterson maps, the asymmetric unit most likely contains two molecules of CylR2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTEROCOCCUS faecalis
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - ERYTHROCYTES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ENTEROCOCCAL infections
KW  - GRAM-positive bacterial infections
N1  - Accession Number: 13501412; Shuisong Ni 1 McAteer, Kathleen 1 Bussiere, Dirksen E. 2 Kennedy, Michael A. 1; Email Address: ma_kennedy@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Sciences, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Chiron Corporation, 4560 Horton Street, M/S 4.4, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 60 Issue 6, p1145; Subject Term: ENTEROCOCCUS faecalis; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: ERYTHROCYTES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ENTEROCOCCAL infections; Subject Term: GRAM-positive bacterial infections; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Therrien, Bruno
AU  - Burrell, Anthony K.
T1  - Dichloro(η6-p-cymene)[η1-(2,4,6-tri-tertbutylphenyl)phosphine-κP]osmium(II).
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section E (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section E (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - m863
EP  - m864
SN  - 16005368
AB  - The article presents a discussion on the structure and composition of Dichloro(η6-p-cymene)[η1-(2,4,6-tri-tertbutylphenyl)phosphine-κP]osmium(II) [Os(C10H14)Cl2(C18H31P)]. This compound was composed quantitatively from [OsCl2(p-cymene)]2 and (2,4,6 tri-tert-butylphenyl)PH2. Due to the presence of tert-butyl groups, there is a notable structural deformation of the phosphine ligand.
KW  - OSMIUM compounds
KW  - PHOSPHINE
KW  - CYMENE
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - PLATINUM group
KW  - TRANSITION metal compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 19299679; Therrien, Bruno 1; Email Address: bruno.therrien@unine.ch Burrell, Anthony K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Case postale 2, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.  2: Actinide, Catalysis and Separations Chemistry, C-SIC, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 60 Issue 6, pm863; Subject Term: OSMIUM compounds; Subject Term: PHOSPHINE; Subject Term: CYMENE; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: PLATINUM group; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S1600536804012474
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
AU  - Thompson, Dorothea K.
T1  - MICROARRAY TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY.
JO  - Advances in Agronomy
JF  - Advances in Agronomy
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 82
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 270
SN  - 00652113
AB  - Explores the technical underpinnings of microarray hybridization and its applications in environmental microbiology.  Types of microarrays; Advantages of microarrays; Substrates used for fabricating microarrays.
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - IMMOBILIZED nucleic acids
KW  - BIOCHIPS
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13344673; Zhou, Jizhong 1 Thompson, Dorothea K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 82, p183; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: IMMOBILIZED nucleic acids; Subject Term: BIOCHIPS; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 88p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kowalsky, Michael B.
AU  - Finsterle, Stefan
AU  - Rubin, Yoram
T1  - Estimating flow parameter distributions using ground-penetrating radar and hydrological measurements during transient flow in the vadose zone
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 27
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 583
EP  - 599
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Methods for estimating the parameter distributions necessary for modeling fluid flow and contaminant transport in the shallow subsurface are in great demand. Soil properties such as permeability, porosity, and water retention are typically estimated through the inversion of hydrological data (e.g., measurements of capillary pressure and water saturation). However, ill-posedness and non-uniqueness commonly arise in such non-linear inverse problems making their solutions elusive. Incorporating additional types of data, such as from geophysical methods, may greatly improve the success of inverse modeling. In particular, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) methods have proven sensitive to subsurface fluid flow processes and appear promising for such applications. In the present work, an inverse technique is presented which allows for the estimation of flow parameter distributions and the prediction of flow phenomena using GPR and hydrological measurements collected during a transient flow experiment. Specifically, concepts from the pilot point method were implemented in a maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework to allow for the generation of permeability distributions that are conditional to permeability point measurements, that maintain specified patterns of spatial correlation, and that are consistent with geophysical and hydrological data. The current implementation of the approach allows for additional flow parameters to be estimated concurrently if they are assumed uniform and uncorrelated with the permeability distribution. (The method itself allows for heterogeneity in these parameters to be considered, and it allows for parameters of the petrophysical and semivariogram models to be estimated as well.) Through a synthetic example, performance of the method is evaluated under various conditions, and some conclusions are made regarding the joint use of transient GPR and hydrological measurements in estimating fluid flow parameters in the vadose zone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - OSMOSIS
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - GPR
KW  - Hydraulic parameters
KW  - Joint inversion
KW  - Pilot point
KW  - Transient data
KW  - Vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 13100936; Kowalsky, Michael B. 1; Email Address: mbkowalsky@lbl.gov Finsterle, Stefan 2; Email Address: safinsterle@lbl.gov Rubin, Yoram 1; Email Address: rubin@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Civil and Environmental Engineering, 435 Davis Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 27 Issue 6, p583; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: OSMOSIS; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: GPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydraulic parameters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Joint inversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pilot point; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.03.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipsky, Eric M.
AU  - Pekney, Natalie J.
AU  - Walbert, Gary F.
AU  - O'Dowd, William J.
AU  - Freeman, Mark C.
AU  - Robinson, Allen
T1  - Effects of Dilution Sampling on Fine Particle Emissions from Pulverized Coal Combustion.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 574
EP  - 587
SN  - 02786826
AB  - A dilution sampler was used to examine the effects of dilution ratio and residence time on fine-particle emissions from a pilot-scale pulverized coal combustor. Measurements include the particle size distribution from 0.003 to 2.5 μm, PM2.5 mass, and PM2.5 composition (OC/EC, major ions, and elemental). Heated filter samples were also collected simultaneously at stack temperatures in order to compare the dilution sampler measurements with standard stack sampling methodologies. Measurements were made both before and after the bag house, the particle control device used on the coal combustor, and while firing three different coal types and one coal-biomass blend. The PM2.5 mass emission rates measured using the dilution sampler agreed to within experimental uncertainty with those measured with the hot-filter sampler. Relative to the heated filter sample, dilution did increase the PM2.5 mass fraction of selenium for all fuels tested, as well as ammonium and sulfate for selected fuels. However, the additional particulate mass created by gas-to-particle conversion of these species is within the uncertainty of the gravimetric analysis used to determine the overall mass emission rate. The enrichment of PM2.5 selenium caused by dilution did not vary with dilution ratio and residence time. The enrichment of PM2.5 sulfate and ammonium varied with fuel composition and dilution ratio but not residence time. For example, ammonium was only enriched in diluted acidic aerosol samples. A comparison of the PM2.5 emission profiles for each of the fuels tested underscores how differences in PM2.5 composition are related to the fuel ash composition. When sampling after the bag house, the particle size distribution and total particle number emission rate did not depend on residence time and dilution ratio because of the much lower particle number concentrations in diluted sample and the absence of nucleation. These results provide new insight into the effects of dilution sampling on measurements of fine particle emissions, providing important data for the ongoing effort of the EPA and ASTM to define a standardized dilution sampling methodology for characterizing emissions from stationary combustion sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COAL -- Combustion
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - DILUTION
N1  - Accession Number: 20031303; Lipsky, Eric M. 1 Pekney, Natalie J. 2 Walbert, Gary F. 3 O'Dowd, William J. 3 Freeman, Mark C. 3 Robinson, Allen 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  3: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p574; Subject Term: COAL -- Combustion; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: DILUTION; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, Fred
T1  - Hypothetical structure of human serum amyloid A protein.
JO  - Amyloid
JF  - Amyloid
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 80
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13506129
AB  - The proteins known as serum amyloid A (SAA) play major, but relatively uncharacterized, roles in the acute phase response and are important components of the innate immune system of humans and probably all vertebrates. N-terminal fragments of the inducible isoforms, SAA1 and SAA2, are the major constituents of fibrils formed during secondary or reactive amyloidosis. Little is known about the structure of SAA beyond secondary structure analyses and circular dichroism spectroscopic data indicating significant alpha helix conformation. Analysis of the primary structure of human SAA indicates probable homology to the N-terminal domain of hemocyanins of arthropods and suggests that approximately 80% of the molecule may consist of a helical bundle with the remaining portion of the C-terminus potentially disordered. This model of SAA suggests that proposed binding sites for laminin, fibronectin, and calcium are segregated to one face of the molecule and that the heparin/heparan binding site is found in the putatively disordered region of the protein. It is possible that removal of the N-terminal 76 amino acid fragment by proteolytic cleavage found generates an unstable entity that undergoes a helix to beta strand transition analogous to the fibril process of A-beta and prion peptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Amyloid is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMYLOID beta-protein
KW  - NATURAL immunity
KW  - AMYLOIDOSIS
KW  - HEMOCYANIN
KW  - BLOOD -- Pigments
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - Helical bundle
KW  - hemocyanin
KW  - homology
N1  - Accession Number: 14911070; Stevens, Fred 1; Email Address: fstevens@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p71; Subject Term: AMYLOID beta-protein; Subject Term: NATURAL immunity; Subject Term: AMYLOIDOSIS; Subject Term: HEMOCYANIN; Subject Term: BLOOD -- Pigments; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Helical bundle; Author-Supplied Keyword: hemocyanin; Author-Supplied Keyword: homology; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/13506120412331272296
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Huimin
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Bonnesen, Peter V.
AU  - Buchanan IlI., A. C.
AU  - Holbrey, John D.
AU  - Bridges, Nicholas J.
AU  - Rogers, Robin D.
T1  - Extraction of Cesium Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Calix[4]arene.bis(tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) in Ionic Liquids.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3078
EP  - 3083
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Solvent extraction of cesium ions from aqueous solution to hydrophobic ionic liquids without the introduction of an organophilic anion in the aqueous phase was demonstrated using calix[4]arene-bis(tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) (BOBCalixC6) as an extractant. The selectivity of this extraction process toward cesium ions and the use of a sacrificial cation exchanger (NaBPh4) to control loss of imidazolium cation to the aqueous solutions by ion exchange have been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - EXCHANGE reactions
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - CALIXARENES
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13398981; Luo, Huimin 1 Dai, Sheng 2 Bonnesen, Peter V. 2 Buchanan IlI., A. C. 2 Holbrey, John D. 3 Bridges, Nicholas J. 3 Rogers, Robin D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  3: Department of Chemistry and Center for Green Manufacturing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487.; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 11, p3078; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: EXCHANGE reactions; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: CALIXARENES; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: CATIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aeschliman, David B.
AU  - Bajic, Stanley J.
AU  - Baldwin, David P.
AU  - Houk, R. S.
T1  - Multivariate Pattern Matching of Trace Elements in Solids by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry: Source Attribution and Preliminary Diagnosis of Fractionation.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3119
EP  - 3125
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) is used with two variations of principal components analysis (PCA) for objective, routine comparisons of forensic materials without time-consuming and destructive sample dissolution. The relative concentrations of (race elements in a solid sample are examined to provide a "fingerprint" composition that can be used for identification and source matching of the material. Residue samples are matched to bulk materials using PCA. Variation of laser focus and PCA are also used to diagnose the severity of elemental fractionation in two metal samples that are prone to fractionation, brass and steel. Such fractionation remains the most significant limitation for accurate quantitative analyses by LA-ICPMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry
KW  - PRINCIPAL components analysis
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - BLOOD proteins -- Separation
N1  - Accession Number: 13398987; Aeschliman, David B. 1 Bajic, Stanley J. 1 Baldwin, David P. Houk, R. S. 1; Email Address: rshouk@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 11, p3119; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Subject Term: PRINCIPAL components analysis; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: BLOOD proteins -- Separation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miao, Jianwei
AU  - Chapman, Henry N.
AU  - Kirz, Janos
AU  - Sayre, David
AU  - Hodgson, Keith O.
T1  - TAKING X-RAY DIFFRACTION TO THE LIMIT: Macromolecular Structures from Femtosecond X-Ray Pulses and Diffraction Microscopy of Cells with Synchrotron Radiation.
JO  - Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure
JF  - Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - C-4
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 10568700
AB  - Recent work is extending the methodology of X-ray crystallography to the structure determination of noncrystalline specimens. The phase problem is solved using the oversampling method, which takes advantage of "continuous" diffraction patterns from noncrystalline specimens. Here we review the principle of this newly developed technique and discuss the ongoing experiments of imaging nonperiodic objects, such as cells and cellular structures, using coherent and bright X rays produced by third-generation synchrotron sources. In the longer run, the technique may be applicable to image single biomolecules using anticipated X-ray free electron lasers. Here, computer simulations have so far demonstrated two important steps: (a) by using an extremely intense femtosecond X-ray pulse, a diffraction pattern can be recorded from a macromolecule before radiation damage manifests itself; and (b) the phase information can be retrieved in an ab initio fashion from a set of calculated noisy diffraction patterns of single protein molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - X-rays
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - diffraction microscopy
KW  - iterative algorithms
KW  - oversampling phasing method
KW  - single molecule imaging
KW  - X-ray free electron lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 13969055; Miao, Jianwei 1; Email Address: miao@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu Chapman, Henry N. 2; Email Address: chapman9@llnl.gov Kirz, Janos 3; Email Address: kirz@xray1.physics.sunysb.edu Sayre, David 3; Email Address: sayre@xray1.physics.sunysb.edu Hodgson, Keith O. 4; Email Address: hodgson@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309-0210  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794  4: Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p157; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffraction microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: iterative algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: oversampling phasing method; Author-Supplied Keyword: single molecule imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray free electron lasers; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 4 Color Photographs, 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.biophys.33.110502.140405
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tinoco Jr., Ignacio
T1  - FORCE AS A USEFUL VARIABLE IN REACTIONS: Unfolding RNA.
JO  - Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure
JF  - Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 385
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 10568700
AB  - The effect of force on the thermodynamics and kinetics of reactions is described. The key parameters are the difference in end-to-end distance between reactant and product for thermodynamics, and the distance to the transition state for kinetics. I focus the review on experimental results on force unfolding of RNA. Methods to measure Gibbs free energies and kinetics for reversible and irreversible reactions are described. The use of the worm-like-chain model to calculate the effects of force on thermodynamics and kinetics is illustrated with simple models. The main purpose of the review is to describe the simple experiments that have been done so far, and to encourage more people to enter a field that is new and full of opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Biophysics & Biomolecular Structure is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - RNA
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - biological macromolecules
KW  - laser tweezers
KW  - RNA kinetics
KW  - RNA thermodynamics
KW  - single molecules
N1  - Accession Number: 13969424; Tinoco Jr., Ignacio 1; Email Address: Intinoco@lbl.go; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p363; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: biological macromolecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser tweezers; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: RNA thermodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: single molecules; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.biophys.33.110502.140418
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Long, Stephen P.
AU  - Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.
AU  - Rogers, Alistair
AU  - Ort, Donald R.
T1  - RISING ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE: Plants FACE the Future.
JO  - Annual Review of Plant Biology
JF  - Annual Review of Plant Biology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 591
EP  - C-3
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15435008
AB  - Atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) is now higher than it was at any time in the past 26 million years and is expected to nearly double during this century. Terrestrial plants with the C3 photosynthetic pathway respond in the short term to increased [CO2] via increased net photosynthesis and decreased transpiration. In the longer term this increase is often offset by downregulation of photosynthetic capacity. But much of what is currently known about plant responses to elevated [CO2] comes from enclosure studies, where the responses of plants may be modified by size constraints and the limited life-cycle stages that are examined. Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) was developed as a means to grow plants in the field at controlled elevation of CO2 under fully open-air field conditions. The findings of FACE experiments are quantitatively summarized via meta-analytic statistics and compared to findings from chamber studies. Although trends agree with parallel summaries of enclosure studies, important quantitative differences emerge that have important implications both for predicting the future terrestrial biosphere and understanding how crops may need to be adapted to the changed and changing atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Plant Biology is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - STOMATA
KW  - META-analysis
KW  - PLANT physiology
KW  - atmospheric change
KW  - free-air carbon dioxide enrichment
KW  - global change
KW  - leaf area
KW  - meta-analysis
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - Rubisco
KW  - stomata
N1  - Accession Number: 14394936; Long, Stephen P. 1,2; Email Address: stevel@life.uiuc.edu Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. 3; Email Address: e.ainsworth@fz-juelich.de Rogers, Alistair 4; Email Address: arogers@bnl.gov Ort, Donald R. 1,2,5; Email Address: d-ort@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois 61801-4798  2: Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois 61801-4798  3: Institute for Phytosphere Research, Jülich Research Center, 52425 Jülich, Germany  4: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  5: Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA/ARS, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3838; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 55 Issue 1, p591; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: STOMATA; Subject Term: META-analysis; Subject Term: PLANT physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric change; Author-Supplied Keyword: free-air carbon dioxide enrichment; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: leaf area; Author-Supplied Keyword: meta-analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: photosynthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rubisco; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomata; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 41p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141610
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
AU  - Apps, John A.
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - Numerical simulation of CO2 disposal by mineral trapping in deep aquifers
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
SN  - 08832927
AB  - Carbon dioxide disposal into deep aquifers is a potential means whereby atmospheric emissions of greenhouse gases may be reduced. However, our knowledge of the geohydrology, geochemistry, geophysics, and geomechanics of CO2 disposal must be refined if this technology is to be implemented safely, efficiently, and predictably. As a prelude to a fully coupled treatment of physical and chemical effects of CO2 injection, the authors have analyzed the impact of CO2 immobilization through carbonate mineral precipitation. Batch reaction modeling of the geochemical evolution of 3 different aquifer mineral compositions in the presence of CO2 at high pressure were performed. The modeling considered the following important factors affecting CO2 sequestration: (1) the kinetics of chemical interactions between the host rock minerals and the aqueous phase, (2) CO2 solubility dependence on pressure, temperature and salinity of the system, and (3) redox processes that could be important in deep subsurface environments. The geochemical evolution under CO2 injection conditions was evaluated. In addition, changes in porosity were monitored during the simulations. Results indicate that CO2 sequestration by matrix minerals varies considerably with rock type. Under favorable conditions the amount of CO2 that may be sequestered by precipitation of secondary carbonates is comparable with and can be larger than the effect of CO2 dissolution in pore waters. The precipitation of ankerite and siderite is sensitive to the rate of reduction of Fe(III) mineral precursors such as goethite or glauconite. The accumulation of carbonates in the rock matrix leads to a considerable decrease in porosity. This in turn adversely affects permeability and fluid flow in the aquifer. The numerical experiments described here provide useful insight into sequestration mechanisms, and their controlling geochemical conditions and parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - High pressure (Science)
N1  - Accession Number: 12836867; Xu, Tianfu; Email Address: tianfu_xu@url.gov; Apps, John A. 1; Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p917; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Geochemistry; Subject Term: High pressure (Science); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2003.11.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, P.
AU  - Nabighian, E.
AU  - Bartelt, M.C.
AU  - Fong, C.Y.
AU  - Zhu, X.D.
T1  - An oblique-incidence optical reflectivity difference and LEED study of rare-gas growth on a lattice-mismatched metal substrate.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 137
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - We studied the growth of Xe on Nb(110) from 33 K to 100 K using a combination of low-energy electron diffraction and an in situ oblique-incidence optical reflectivity difference technique. We found that a hexagonal close-packed Xe film grows after a transition layer of three monoatomic layers thick is formed. The first two monolayers, influenced by both the interaction with the Nb substrate and the Xe–Xe interaction, lack long-range order. The third monolayer forms a bulk-like hexagonal close-packed structure. Subsequently a bulk-phase Xe(111) film grows in step-flow mode from 54 K down to 40 K. At 40 K, we observed a brief crossover to a layer-by-layer mode. At 33 K the growth proceeds in a kinetically limited multilayer or a three-dimensional island mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - XENON
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - LOW energy electron diffraction
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12595964; Thomas, P. 1 Nabighian, E. 1 Bartelt, M.C. 2 Fong, C.Y. 1 Zhu, X.D. 1; Email Address: xdzhu@physics.ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 79 Issue 1, p131; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: LOW energy electron diffraction; Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Auer, M.
AU  - Axelsson, A.
AU  - Blanchard, X.
AU  - Bowyer, T.W.
AU  - Brachet, G.
AU  - Bulowski, I.
AU  - Dubasov, Y.
AU  - Elmgren, K.
AU  - Fontaine, J.P.
AU  - Harms, W.
AU  - Hayes, J.C.
AU  - Heimbigner, T.R.
AU  - McIntyre, J.I.
AU  - Panisko, M.E.
AU  - Popov, Y.
AU  - Ringbom, A.
AU  - Sartorius, H.
AU  - Schmid, S.
AU  - Schulze, J.
AU  - Schlosser, C.
T1  - Intercomparison experiments of systems for the measurement of xenon radionuclides in the atmosphere
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 863
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Radioactive xenon monitoring is one of the main technologies used for the detection of underground nuclear explosions. Precise and reliable measurements of 131mXe, 133gXe, 133mXe, and 135gXe are required as part of the International Monitoring System for compliance with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). For the first time, simultaneous testing of four highly sensitive and automated fieldable radioxenon measurement systems has been performed and compared to established laboratory techniques. In addition to an intercomparison of radioxenon monitoring equipment of different design, this paper also presents a set of more than 2000 measurements of activity concentrations of radioactive xenon made in the city of Freiburg, Germany in 2000. The intercomparison experiment showed, that the results from the newly developed systems agree with each other and the equipment fulfills the fundamental requirements for their use in the verification regime of the CTBT. For 24-h measurements, concentrations as low as 0.1 mBq m−3 were measured for atmospheric samples ranging in size from 10 to 80 m3. The 133Xe activity concentrations detected in the ambient air ranged from below 1 mBq m−3 to above 100 mBq m−3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - XENON
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLEAR explosions
KW  - FREIBURG (Germany : Regierungsbezirk)
KW  - GERMANY
KW  - CTBT
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - International monitoring system
KW  - Noble gas
KW  - Radioactivity monitoring
KW  - Radioxenon
KW  - Xenon
N1  - Accession Number: 12895955; Auer, M. 1 Axelsson, A. 2 Blanchard, X. 3 Bowyer, T.W. 4; Email Address: ted.bowyer@pnl.gov Brachet, G. 3 Bulowski, I. 5 Dubasov, Y. 6 Elmgren, K. 2 Fontaine, J.P. 3 Harms, W. 5 Hayes, J.C. 4 Heimbigner, T.R. 4 McIntyre, J.I. 4 Panisko, M.E. 4 Popov, Y. 6 Ringbom, A. 2 Sartorius, H. 5 Schmid, S. 5 Schulze, J. 1 Schlosser, C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization, P.O. Box 1200, Vienna A-1400, Austria  2: Swedish Defence Research Agency, Stockholm, Sweden  3: Commissariat à l’ Energie Atomique, BP 12, 91680 Bruyères le Châtel, France  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA  5: Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Rosastraβe 9, Freiburg D-79098, Germany  6: Khlopin Radium Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 60 Issue 6, p863; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR explosions; Subject Term: FREIBURG (Germany : Regierungsbezirk); Subject Term: GERMANY; Author-Supplied Keyword: CTBT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: International monitoring system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Noble gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactivity monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioxenon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xenon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.01.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semkow, T.M.
AU  - Bari, A.
AU  - Parekh, P.P.
AU  - Haines, D.K.
AU  - Gao, H.
AU  - Bolden, A.N.
AU  - Dahms, K.S.
AU  - Scarpitta, S.C.
AU  - Thern, R.E.
AU  - Velazquez, S.
T1  - Experimental investigation of mass efficiency curve for alpha radioactivity counting using a gas-proportional detector
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 879
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Gross <f>α</f> counting of evaporated water residues offers a simple method for screening <f>α</f> radioactivity in water for both public health and emergency purposes. The evaporation process for water has been improved by using a combination of roughening of the surface of counting planchettes, two-stage evaporation, and temperature-controlled block heating. The efficiency of the gas-proportional detector for <f>α</f>-particle detection in water residues was studied as a function of sample mass–thickness in the range between 0.1 and <f>13 mg cm−2</f>. The effect of <f>α</f> energy on the efficiency, as well as moisture absorption on the samples, were studied using <f>230Th</f>, <f>238U</f>, <f>239Pu</f>, <f>241Am</f>, and <f>244Cm</f> radionuclides. Also, <f>α</f>-to-<f>β</f> crosstalk was investigated as a function of sample mass for <f>230Th</f>, <f>239Pu</f>, <f>210Po</f>, <f>241Am</f>, and <f>244Cm</f>. The improved method can also be applied for gross <f>α</f> detection in biological fluids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - PLANCHETTE
N1  - Accession Number: 12895956; Semkow, T.M. 1,2; Email Address: tms15@health.state.ny.us Bari, A. 1 Parekh, P.P. 1 Haines, D.K. 1 Gao, H. 2 Bolden, A.N. 3 Dahms, K.S. 4 Scarpitta, S.C. 4 Thern, R.E. 4 Velazquez, S. 4; Affiliation:  1: New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201 0509, USA  2: School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12201, USA  3: St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY 13617, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 60 Issue 6, p879; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: PLANCHETTE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.01.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tommasini, A.
AU  - Not, T.
AU  - Kiren, V.
AU  - Baldas, V.
AU  - Santon, D.
AU  - Trevisiol, C.
AU  - Berti, I.
AU  - Neri, E.
AU  - Gerarduzzi, T.
AU  - Bruno, I.
AU  - Lenhardt, A.
AU  - Zamuner, E.
AU  - Spanà, A.
AU  - Crovella, S.
AU  - Martellossi, S.
AU  - Torre, G.
AU  - Sblattero, D.
AU  - Marzari, R.
AU  - Bradbury, A.
AU  - Tamburlini, G.
T1  - Mass screening for coeliac disease using antihuman transgulutaminase antibody assay.
JO  - Archives of Disease in Childhood
JF  - Archives of Disease in Childhood
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 89
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 512
EP  - 515
SN  - 00039888
AB  - Aims: To determine coeliac disease prevalence by an anti-transglutaminase antibody assay in a large paediatric population; to evaluate acceptance of the screening programme, dietary compliance, and long term health effects. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of 3188 schoolchildren (aged 6-12) and prospective follow up of diagnosed cases. Main outcome measures were: prevalence of coeliac disease defined by intestinal biopsy or positivity to both human tissue transglutaminase and anti-endomysium antibodies in HLA DQ2-8 positive subjects; percentage of children whose families accepted screening; dietary compliance as defined by negativity for anti-transglutaminase antibodies; and presence of clinical or laboratory abnormalities at 24 month follow up. Results: The families of 3188/3665 children gave their consent (87%). Thirty biopsy proven coeliacs were identified (prevalence 1:106). Three other children testing positive for both coeliac related autoantibodies and HLA DQ2-8 but refusing biopsy were considered as having coeliac disease (prevalence 1:96). Of 33 cases, 12 had coeliac related symptoms. The 30 biopsy proven coeliacs followed a gluten-free diet. Of 28 subjects completing 18-24 months follow up, 20 (71 .4%) were negative for anti-transglutaminase antibodies, while eight were slightly positive; symptoms resolved in all 12 symptomatic children. Conclusions: Prevalence of coeliac disease is high in Italian schoolchildren. Two thirds of cases were asymptomatic. Acceptance of the programme was good, us was dietary compliance. Given the high prevalence and possible complications of untreated coeliac disease, the availability of a valid screening method, and evidence of willingness to comply with dietary treatment population mass screening deserves careful consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Disease in Childhood is the property of BMJ Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELIAC disease
KW  - DIGESTIVE system diseases
KW  - MALABSORPTION syndromes
KW  - CLINICAL pathology
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - TRANSGLUTAMINASES
N1  - Accession Number: 13484686; Tommasini, A. 1 Not, T. 1; Email Address: not@burlo.trieste.it Kiren, V. 1 Baldas, V. 1 Santon, D. 1 Trevisiol, C. 1 Berti, I. 1 Neri, E. 1 Gerarduzzi, T. 1 Bruno, I. 1 Lenhardt, A. 1 Zamuner, E. 1 Spanà, A. 1 Crovella, S. 1 Martellossi, S. 1 Torre, G. 1 Sblattero, D. 2 Marzari, R. 2 Bradbury, A. 3 Tamburlini, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Reproductive and Development Science of Trieste University and .R.C.C.S. "Burlo Garofolo",  Italy.  2: Department of Biology, University of Trieste, Italy.  3: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.  4: Unit for Health Services Research and International Health, R.C.C.S. "Burlo Garofolo", Italy.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 89 Issue 6, p512; Subject Term: CELIAC disease; Subject Term: DIGESTIVE system diseases; Subject Term: MALABSORPTION syndromes; Subject Term: CLINICAL pathology; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: TRANSGLUTAMINASES; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1136/adc.2003.029603
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Payne, Rayford B.
AU  - Casalot, Laurence
AU  - Rivere, Tessa
AU  - Terry, Jeffrey H.
AU  - Larsen, Lise
AU  - Giles, Barbara J.
AU  - Wall, Judy D.
T1  - Interaction between uranium and the cytochrome c3 of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain G20.
JO  - Archives of Microbiology
JF  - Archives of Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 181
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 398
EP  - 406
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 03028933
AB  - Cytochrome c3 of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain G20 is an electron carrier for uranium (VI) reduction. When D. desulfuricans G20 was grown in medium containing a non-lethal concentration of uranyl acetate (1 mM), the rate at which the cells reduced U(VI) was decreased compared to cells grown in the absence of uranium. Western analysis did not detect cytochrome c3 in periplasmic extracts from cells grown in the presence of uranium. The expression of this predominant tetraheme cytochrome was not detectably altered by uranium during growth of the cells as monitored through a translational fusion of the gene encoding cytochrome c3 (cycA) to lacZ. Instead, cytochrome c3 protein was found tightly associated with insoluble U(IV), uraninite, after the periplasmic contents of cells were harvested by a pH shift. The association of cytochrome c3 with U(IV) was interpreted to be non-specific, since pure cytochrome c3 adsorbed to other insoluble metal oxides, including cupric oxide (CuO), ferric oxide (Fe2O3), and commercially available U(IV) oxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Archives of Microbiology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Gram-negative bacteria
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Cytochrome c
KW  - Cells
KW  - Oxide minerals
KW  - Desulfovibrio
KW  - Uranium reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 16867567; Payne, Rayford B. 1; Casalot, Laurence 1; Rivere, Tessa 1; Terry, Jeffrey H. 2; Larsen, Lise 1; Giles, Barbara J. 1; Wall, Judy D. 1; Email Address: wallj@missouri.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 65211, Columbia, MO, USA.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, 60439, Argonne, IL, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 181 Issue 6, p398; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Gram-negative bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Subject Term: Cytochrome c; Subject Term: Cells; Subject Term: Oxide minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desulfovibrio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium reduction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00203-004-0671-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agarwal, Rakhi
AU  - Eswaramoorthy, Subramaniam
AU  - Kumaran, Desigan
AU  - Binz, Thomas
AU  - Swaminathan, Subramanyam
T1  - Structural Analysis of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type E Catalytic Domain and Its Mutant G1u212↠ Gln Reveals the Pivotal Role of the Glu212↠ Carboxylate in the Catalytic Pathway.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 43
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6637
EP  - 6644
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins (A-G) produced by Clostridium botulinum share significant sequence homology and structural similarity. The functions of their individual domains and the modes of action are also similar. However, the substrate specificity and the peptide bond cleavage selectivity of their catalytic domains are different. The reason for this unique specificity of botulinum neurotoxins is still baffling. If an inhibitor leading to a therapeutic drug common to all serotypes is to be developed, it is essential to understand the differences in their three-dimensional structures that empower them with this unique characteristic. Accordingly, high-resolution structures of all serotypes are required, and toward achieving this goal the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of C. botulinum neurotoxin type E has been determined to 2.1 Å resolution. The crystal structure of the inactive mutant Glu212→Gln of this protein has also been determined. While the overall conformation is unaltered in the active site, the position of the nucleophilic water changes in the mutant, thereby causing it to lose its ability to activate the catalytic reaction. The structure explains the importance of the nucleophilic water and the charge on Glu212. The structural differences responsible for the loss of activity of the mutant provide a common model for the catalytic pathway of Clostridium neurotoxins since Glu212 is conserved and has a similar role in all serotypes. This or a more nonconservative mutant (e.g., Glu212→Ala) could provide a novel, genetically modified protein vaccine for botulinum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOTULINUM toxin
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13426659; Agarwal, Rakhi 1 Eswaramoorthy, Subramaniam 1 Kumaran, Desigan 1 Binz, Thomas 2 Swaminathan, Subramanyam 1; Email Address: swami@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  2: Department of Biochemistry Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany.; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 21, p6637; Subject Term: BOTULINUM toxin; Subject Term: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject Term: CLOSTRIDIUM; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semin, Boris K.
AU  - Seibert, Michael
T1  - Iron Bound to the High-Affinity Mn-Binding Site of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex Shifts the pK of a Component Controlling Electron Transport via Yz.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 43
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6772
EP  - 6782
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Flash-probe fluorescence spectroscopy was used to compare the pH dependence of charge recombination between Yz˙ and Qa- in Mn-depleted, photosystem II membranes [PSII(-Mn)] and in membranes with the high-affinity (HAz) Mn-binding site blocked by iron [PSII(-Mn,+Fe); Semin, B. K., Ghirardi, M. L., and Seibert, M. (2002) Biochemistry 41, 5854-5864]. The apparent half-time for fluorescence decay (t½) in PSII(-Mn) increased from 9 ms at pH 4.4 to 75 ms at pH 9.0 [with an apparent pK (PKapp) of 7.1]. The actual fluorescence decay kinetics can be fit to one exponential component at pH <6.0 (t½ = 9.5 ms), but it requires an additional component at pH >6.0 (t½ = 385 ms). Similar measurements with PSII(-Mn,+Fe) membranes show that iron binding has little effect on the maximum and minimum t½ values measured at alkaline and acidic pHs but that it does shift the pKapp from 7.1 to 6.1 toward the more acidic pKapp value typical of intact membranes. Light-induced Fe(II) blocking of the PSII(-Mn) membrane is accompanied by a decrease in buffer Fe(II) concentration. This decrease was not the result of Fe(II) binding, but rather of its oxidation at two sites, the HAz site and the low-affinity site. Mössbauer spectroscopy at 80 K on PSII(-Mn,+Fe) samples, prepared under conditions providing the maximal blocking effect but minimizing the amount of nonspecifically bound iron cations, supports this conclusion since this method detected only Fe(III) cations bound to the membranes. Correlation of the kinetics of Fe(II) oxidation with the blocking parameters showed that blocking occurs after four to five Fe(II) cations were oxidized at the HAz site. In summary, the blocking of the HAz Mn-binding site by iron in PSII(-Mn) membranes not only prevents the access of exogenous donors to Yz but also partially restores the properties of the hydrogen bond net found in intact PS(II), which in turn controls the rate of electron transport to Yz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13426673; Semin, Boris K. 1,2 Seibert, Michael 1; Email Address: mike_seibert@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: Basic Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401.  2: Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119899, Russian Federation.; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 21, p6772; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadam
AU  - K. L.
AU  - Rydholm
AU  - E. C.
AU  - McMillan
AU  - J. D.
T1  - Development and Validation of a Kinetic Model for Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass.
JO  - Biotechnology Progress
JF  - Biotechnology Progress
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 698
EP  - 705
SN  - 87567938
AB  - A multireaction kinetic model was developed for closed-system enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass such as corn stover. Three hydrolysis reactions were modeled, two heterogeneous reactions for cellulose breakdown to cellobiose and glucose and one homogeneous reaction for hydrolyzing cellobiose to glucose. Cellulase adsorption onto pretreated lignocellulose was modeled via a Langmuir-type isotherm. The sugar products of cellulose hydrolysis, cellobiose and glucose, as well as xylose, the dominant sugar prevalent in most hemicellulose hydrolyzates, were assumed to competitively inhibit the enzymatic hydrolysis reactions. Model parameters were estimated from experimental data generated using dilute acid pretreated corn stover as the substrate. The model performed well in predicting cellulose hydrolysis trends at experimental conditions both inside and outside the design space used for parameter estimation and can be used for in silico process optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Progress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lignocellulose
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Hydrolysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13314169; Kadam; K. L. 1; Rydholm; E. C. 1; McMillan; J. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Bioenergy Center, Biotechnology Division for Fuels and Chemicals, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p698; Thesaurus Term: Lignocellulose; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Thesaurus Term: Hydrolysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hahn
AU  - J. J.
AU  - Ghirardi
AU  - M. L.
AU  - Jacoby
AU  - W. A.
T1  - Effect of Process Variables on Photosynthetic Algal Hydrogen Production.
JO  - Biotechnology Progress
JF  - Biotechnology Progress
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 989
EP  - 991
SN  - 87567938
AB  - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a green alga that can use the sun's energy to split water into O2 and H2. This is accomplished by means of a two-phase cycle, an aerobic growth phase followed by an anaerobic hydrogen production phase. The effects of process variables on hydrogen production are examined here. These variables include cell concentration, light intensity, and reactor design parameters that affect light transport and mixing. An optimum cell concentration and light intensity are identified, and two reactor designs are compared. The maximum hydrogen production observed in this study was 0.29 mL of hydrogen per milliliter of suspension. This was measured at atmospheric pressure during a 96 h production cycle. This corresponds to an average hydrogen production rate of 0.12 mmol/mL·h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Progress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Hydrogen production
KW  - Solar energy
KW  - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
N1  - Accession Number: 13314208; Hahn; J. J. 1; Ghirardi; M. L. 1; Jacoby; W. A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p989; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen production; Thesaurus Term: Solar energy; Subject Term: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalemos, Apostolos
AU  - Dunning Jr., Thom H.
AU  - Mavridis, Aristides
AU  - Harrison, James F.
T1  - CH2 revisited.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
JF  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 82
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 684
EP  - 693
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084042
AB  - The first four states of the CH2 molecule (X3B1, ã1 A1, b1A1, and c1A1) are examined using state-of-the-art ab initio methods and basis sets. The construction of potential energy curves with respect to the C + H2 and CH + H channels provides significant clues to understanding the geometric and electronic structure of the above states. All of our numerical findings are in excellent agreement with the existing experimental data. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Les quatre premiers états électroniques de la molécule CH2 (X3B1, ã1 A1, b1A1, et c1A1) ont été examinés en utilisant des méthodes ab initio et à l'aide des bases les plus étendues. Des courbes d'énergie potentielle par rapport aux C + H2 et CH + H, nous donnent des renseignements importants pour la structure géométrique et électronique de ces états. Tous nos résultats sont en excellent accord avec les valeurs expérimentales. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Chemistry is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbenes (Methylene compounds)
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Organic chemistry
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Intermediates (Chemistry)
KW  - CH2
KW  - MRCI
KW  - potential curves
KW  - vbL icons
KW  - courbes de potentiel
KW  - icônes vbL
N1  - Accession Number: 14703308; Kalemos, Apostolos 1,2,3; Dunning Jr., Thom H. 1,2,3; Email Address: dunningthjr@ornl.gov; Mavridis, Aristides 4; Harrison, James F. 5; Affiliations: 1: Joint Institute for Computational Sciences, University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6008, USA; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 3: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6008, USA; 4: Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, PO Box 64004, 157 10 Zografou, Athens, Greece; 5: Department of Chemistry and Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1322, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 82 Issue 6, p684; Thesaurus Term: Carbenes (Methylene compounds); Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Thesaurus Term: Organic chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject Term: Intermediates (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: CH2; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRCI; Author-Supplied Keyword: potential curves; Author-Supplied Keyword: vbL icons; Author-Supplied Keyword: courbes de potentiel; Author-Supplied Keyword: icônes vbL; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/V04-045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Myung Hwa
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Lee, Suk Kyoung
AU  - Suits, Arthur G.
T1  - Probing of the hot-band excitations in the photodissociation of OCS at 288 nm by DC slice imaging.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
JF  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 82
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 880
EP  - 884
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084042
AB  - The photodissociation dynamics of OCS at 288 nm has been investigated using the DC (direct current) slice imaging technique, which is a recently developed high-resolution "slicing" approach that directly measures the central slice of the photofragment distribution in imaging experiments. By analyzing a DC sliced image of S(1D2) photofragments we observe dissociation originating from OCS molecules excited up to v2 = 4 in the molecular beam. The measured translational energy distribution was used to determine the branching ratio for the contribution from each initial bending state (0 v2 0) of OCS and relative photodissociation cross section ratios compared to v2 = 1. Large negative anisotropy parameters determined as a function of the S(1D2) fragment recoil speed indicate that the photodissociation of OCS at 288 nm occurs exclusively from the 11A′′(1Σ–) bending excited potential surface that can be accessed through a perpendicular transition. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - On a étudié la dynamique de la photodissociation du OCS à 288 nm en faisant appel à la technique de l'imagerie de raccordement à courant direct, une approche de « raccordement » à haute résolution développée récemment qui mesure directement le raccordement central de la distribution des photofragments dans des expériences d'imagerie. En analysant une image coupée en courant direct de photofragments de S(1D2), on observe la photodissociation qui tire son origine dans les molécules de OCS excitées jusqu'au niveau v2 = 4 dans un faisceau moléculaire. On a utilisé la distribution d'énergie de translation mesurée pour déterminer le rapport de bifurcation pour la contribution à partir de chaque état initial de déformation (0 v2 0) de OCS ainsi que les rapports de section droite de photodissociation relatifs comparés à v2 = 1. Les valeurs très négatives des paramètres d'anisotropie qui ont été déterminées en fonction de la vitesse de recul de la fragment S(1D2) indiquent que la photodissociation de OCS à 288 nm ne se produit qu'à partir de la surface potentielle excitée de déformation 11A′′(1Σ–) à laquelle on peut accéder par une transition perpendiculaire. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Chemistry is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Scission (Chemistry)
KW  - Photodissociation
KW  - Physical & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Chemical reactions
KW  - DC slicing imaging
KW  - hot-band excitation
KW  - OCS
KW  - photodissociation
KW  - excitation d'une bande chaude
KW  - imagerie de couplage en courant direct
N1  - Accession Number: 14703289; Kim, Myung Hwa 1,2,3; Li, Wen 1,2,3; Lee, Suk Kyoung 1,2,3; Suits, Arthur G. 1,2,3; Email Address: arthur.suits@sunysb.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; 2: Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; 3: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 82 Issue 6, p880; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Scission (Chemistry); Subject Term: Photodissociation; Subject Term: Physical & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: Chemical reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: DC slicing imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: hot-band excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: OCS; Author-Supplied Keyword: photodissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: excitation d'une bande chaude; Author-Supplied Keyword: imagerie de couplage en courant direct; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/V04-072
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14703289&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Myung Hwa
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Lee, Suk Kyoung
AU  - Suits, Arthur G.
T1  - Probing of the hot-band excitations in the photodissociation of OCS at 288 nm by DC slice imaging.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
JF  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 82
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 880
EP  - 884
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084042
AB  - The photodissociation dynamics of OCS at 288 nm has been investigated using the DC (direct current) slice imaging technique, which is a recently developed high-resolution "slicing" approach that directly measures the central slice of the photofragment distribution in imaging experiments. By analyzing a DC sliced image of S(1D2) photofragments we observe dissociation originating from OCS molecules excited up to v2 = 4 in the molecular beam. The measured translational energy distribution was used to determine the branching ratio for the contribution from each initial bending state (0 v2 0) of OCS and relative photodissociation cross section ratios compared to v2 = 1. Large negative anisotropy parameters determined as a function of the S(1D2) fragment recoil speed indicate that the photodissociation of OCS at 288 nm occurs exclusively from the 11A′′(1Σ–) bending excited potential surface that can be accessed through a perpendicular transition. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - On a étudié la dynamique de la photodissociation du OCS à 288 nm en faisant appel à la technique de l'imagerie de raccordement à courant direct, une approche de « raccordement » à haute résolution développée récemment qui mesure directement le raccordement central de la distribution des photofragments dans des expériences d'imagerie. En analysant une image coupée en courant direct de photofragments de S(1D2), on observe la photodissociation qui tire son origine dans les molécules de OCS excitées jusqu'au niveau v2 = 4 dans un faisceau moléculaire. On a utilisé la distribution d'énergie de translation mesurée pour déterminer le rapport de bifurcation pour la contribution à partir de chaque état initial de déformation (0 v2 0) de OCS ainsi que les rapports de section droite de photodissociation relatifs comparés à v2 = 1. Les valeurs très négatives des paramètres d'anisotropie qui ont été déterminées en fonction de la vitesse de recul de la fragment S(1D2) indiquent que la photodissociation de OCS à 288 nm ne se produit qu'à partir de la surface potentielle excitée de déformation 11A′′(1Σ–) à laquelle on peut accéder par une transition perpendiculaire. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Chemistry is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - DC slicing imaging
KW  - hot-band excitation
KW  - OCS
KW  - photodissociation
KW  - excitation d'une bande chaude
KW  - imagerie de couplage en courant direct
N1  - Accession Number: 14703289; Kim, Myung Hwa 1,2,3 Li, Wen 1,2,3 Lee, Suk Kyoung 1,2,3 Suits, Arthur G. 1,2,3; Email Address: arthur.suits@sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA  3: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 82 Issue 6, p880; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: DC slicing imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: hot-band excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: OCS; Author-Supplied Keyword: photodissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: excitation d'une bande chaude; Author-Supplied Keyword: imagerie de couplage en courant direct; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/V04-072
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14703289&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rathbone, G. J.
AU  - Poliakoff, E. D.
AU  - Bozek, John D.
AU  - Lucchese, R. R.
T1  - Intrachannel vibronic coupling in molecular photoionization.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
JF  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 82
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1043
EP  - 1051
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084042
AB  - We discuss the excitation of forbidden vibrational transitions accompanying photoionization of linear triatomic molecules. Excitation of a single quantum of the antisymmetric stretching vibration is observed for  mole cules with inversion symmetry, as is the bending mode. Photoelectron spectra of the N2O+(A2Π), CO2+(C2Σg+), and CS2+(B2Σu+) states obtained over a range of ionization energies exhibit contrasting behavior for the relative intensities of the forbidden vibrations. These energy-dependent vibrational branching ratios are shown to result from an intrachannel vibronic coupling mechanism. Moreover, this intrachannel coupling can be further divided into two cases, one in which the photoionization cross section is sensitive to geometry changes, and a second case in which it is not. These different cases can be distinguished by comparing the experimental and theoretical results for all three molecules. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - On discute de l'excitation des transitions vibrationnelles défendues qui accompagnent la photoionisation de molécules triatomiques linéaires. Pour les molécules avec inversion de symétrie, on observe l'excitation d'un seul quantum de vibration d'élongation antisymétrique, tel qu'observé dans le mode de déformation angulaire. Les spectres photoélectroniques des états indiqués du N2O+(A2Π), du CO2+ (C2Σg+) et du CS2+(B2Σu+), obtenus sur une large plage d'énergies d'ionisation, présentent des comportements différents pour les intensités relatives des vibrations défendues. On montre que ces rapports de branchements vibrationnels qui dépendent de l'énergie résultent d'un mécanisme de couplage vibronique entre canaux. De plus, ce couplage entre canaux peut se diviser dans deux cas, dont l'un dans lequel la section droite de photoionisation est sensible aux changements de géométrie alors que dans l'autre il ne l'est pas. On peut faire la distinction entre ces différents cas en comparant les résultats expérimentaux et théoriques pour les trois molécules. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Chemistry is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Photoionization
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Photoelectricity
KW  - Molecular orbitals
KW  - Molecular spectroscopy
KW  - Molecular spectra
KW  - photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - photoionization
KW  - vibronic coupling
KW  - couplage vibronique
KW  - photoionisation
KW  - spectroscopie photoélectronique
N1  - Accession Number: 14703282; Rathbone, G. J. 1; Poliakoff, E. D. 1; Email Address: epoliak@lsu.edu; Bozek, John D. 2; Lucchese, R. R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; 2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 82 Issue 6, p1043; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Thesaurus Term: Photoionization; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Subject Term: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Subject Term: Photoelectricity; Subject Term: Molecular orbitals; Subject Term: Molecular spectroscopy; Subject Term: Molecular spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: vibronic coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: couplage vibronique; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoionisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectroscopie photoélectronique; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/V04-079
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14703282&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guerra, A. C. O.
AU  - Maciel, J. B.
AU  - Turci, C. C.
AU  - Bilodeau, R. C.
AU  - Hitchcock, A. P.
T1  - Quantitative oscillator strengths for ionic fragmentation of C 1s and O 1s excited CO.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
JF  - Canadian Journal of Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 82
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1052
EP  - 1060
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084042
AB  - Ionic photofragmentation of carbon monoxide following carbon 1s and oxygen 1s excitation has been measured quantitatively with tuned synchrotron light and time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a Wiley–McLaren apparatus modified with an additional ion lens for improved quantitative performance. The sensitivity of the apparatus to kinetic energy and angular distribution effects has been characterized for selected lens settings through ion trajectory simulations and experimental measurements. Three distinct modes of the added lens have been identified (focus, defocus, and maximum). The focus mode has the least sensitivity to details of the angular and ion kinetic energy distribution and, therefore, is the best mode for measuring quantitative partial ion and ion-pair yields. The defocus mode has the most sensitivity to angular and kinetic energy distributions and, therefore, is the mode that provides the most information about the kinematics of photofragmentation. Branching ratios for ion and ion-pair production in all positive ion fragmentation channels were recorded from 280 to 330 eV (C 1s) and from 520 to 570 eV (O 1s) in the "focus" mode. Quantitative oscillator strengths were derived by combining these branching ratios with absolute total ion yield spectra. The results are compared to literature values. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - On a mesuré quantitativement le photofragmentation ionique du monoxyde de carbone qui suit les excitations 1s du carbone et 1s de l'oxygène à l'aide d'un rayonnement synchrotron et un spectromètre de masse à temps d'envol utilisant un appareil Wiley–McLaren modifié par l'addition d'une lentille ionique afin d'en améliorer la performance quantitative. Utilisant des simulations de trajectoires ioniques et des mesures expérimentales, on a caractérisé la sensibilité de l'appareil à l'énergie cinétique et aux effets de distribution angulaire pour divers ajustements choisis des lentilles. On a identifié trois modes distincts de lentilles ajoutées (focalisation, défocalisation et maximum). Le mode de focalisation est le moins sensible aux détails de la distribution de l'énergie angulaire et cinétique des ions et est donc le meilleur mode pour la mesure quantitative des rendements ioniques partiels et de paires d'ions. Le mode de défocalisation est le plus sensible aux distributions de l'énergie angulaire et cinétique et est donc le mode qui fournit le plus d'information concernant la cinématique de la photofragmentation. Les rapports de bifurcation dans la production de l'ion et de la paire d'ions dans les voies de fragmentation de tous les ions positifs ont été enregistrés de 280 à 330 eV (C 1s) et de 520 à 570 eV (O 1s) dans le mode de " focalisation ". On a dérivé les forces quantitatives de l'oscillateur en combinant ces rapports de bifurcation au spectre de rendement ionique total absolu. On compare les résultats aux valeurs rapportées dans la littérature. (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Chemistry is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Time-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - Nuclear spectroscopy
KW  - CO
KW  - cross sections
KW  - inner-shell excitation
KW  - quantitative oscillator strengths
KW  - time-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - excitation de la couche interne
KW  - forces quantitatives de l'oscillateur
KW  - sections droites
KW  - spectrométrie de masse en temps de vol
N1  - Accession Number: 14703298; Guerra, A. C. O. 1,2; Maciel, J. B. 2; Turci, C. C. 2; Bilodeau, R. C. 3,4; Hitchcock, A. P. 1; Email Address: aph@mcmaster.ca; Affiliations: 1: BIMR, Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada; 2: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21949-900, Brazil; 3: Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (ALS Division), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 82 Issue 6, p1052; Thesaurus Term: Carbon monoxide; Thesaurus Term: Mass spectrometry; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Time-of-flight mass spectrometry; Subject Term: Nuclear spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO; Author-Supplied Keyword: cross sections; Author-Supplied Keyword: inner-shell excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantitative oscillator strengths; Author-Supplied Keyword: time-of-flight mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: excitation de la couche interne; Author-Supplied Keyword: forces quantitatives de l'oscillateur; Author-Supplied Keyword: sections droites; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectrométrie de masse en temps de vol; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/V04-055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Overbury, S. H.
AU  - Ortiz-Soto, Lorna
AU  - Zhu, Haoguo
AU  - Lee, Byungwhan
AU  - Amiridis, Michael D.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - Comparison of Au Catalysts Supported on Mesoporous Titania and Silica: Investigation of Au Particle Size Effects and Metal-Support Interactions.
JO  - Catalysis Letters
JF  - Catalysis Letters
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 95
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
EP  - 106
SN  - 1011372X
AB  - Au catalysts supported on mesoporous silica and titania supports were synthesized and tested for the oxidation of CO. Two approaches were used to prepare the silica-supported catalysts utilizing complexing triamine ligands which resulted in mesoporous silica with wormhole and hexagonal structures. The use of triamine ligands is the key for the formation of uniformly sized 2–3 nm Au nanoparticles in the silica pores. On mesoporous titania, high gold dispersions were obtained without the need of a functional ligand. Au supported on titania exhibited a much higher activity for CO oxidation, even though the Au particle sizes were essentially identical on the titania and the wormhole silica supports. The results suggest that the presence of 2–3 nm particle size alone is not sufficient to achieve high activity in CO oxidation. Instead, the support may influence the activity through other possible ways including stabilization of active sub-nanometer particles, formation of active oxygen-containing reactant intermediates (such as hydroxyls or O2-), or stabilization of optimal Au structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
KW  - IONIZATION of gases
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Au
KW  - CO oxidation
KW  - FTIR
KW  - mesoporous oxides
KW  - silica
KW  - TEM
KW  - titania
N1  - Accession Number: 15666370; Overbury, S. H. 1 Ortiz-Soto, Lorna 2 Zhu, Haoguo 1 Lee, Byungwhan 2 Amiridis, Michael D. 2 Dai, Sheng 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6201.  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 95 Issue 3/4, p99; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; Subject Term: IONIZATION of gases; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Au; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: mesoporous oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: titania; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daw, C. Stuart
AU  - Halow, John S.
T1  - Introduction: Global dynamics in spatially extended mechanical systems.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 370
EP  - 372
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACHINERY
KW  - MECHANICAL movements
KW  - MECHANICAL engineering
KW  - CHAOS theory
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - DETERMINISTIC chaos
N1  - Accession Number: 13228301; Daw, C. Stuart 1 Halow, John S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-6472  2: Department of Chemistry, Waynesburg College, 51 West College Street, Waynesburg, Pennsylvania 15370; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p370; Subject Term: MACHINERY; Subject Term: MECHANICAL movements; Subject Term: MECHANICAL engineering; Subject Term: CHAOS theory; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: DETERMINISTIC chaos; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1751351
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13228301&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Protopopescu, V.
AU  - Barhen, J.
T1  - Non-Lipschitzian control algorithms for extended mechanical systems.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 400
EP  - 407
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - We derive the properties of a general control algorithm [Braiman et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 094301 (2003)] for quantities describing global features of nonlinear extended mechanical systems. The control algorithm is based on the concepts of non-Lipschitzian dynamics and global targeting. We show that (i) certain average quantities of the controlled system can be driven—exactly or approximately—towards desired targets which become linearly stable attractors for the system’s dynamics; (ii) the basins of attraction of these targets are reached in very short times; and (iii) while within reasonably broad ranges the time-scales of the control and of the intrinsic dynamics may be quite different, this disparity does not affect significantly the overall efficiency of the proposed scheme, up to natural fluctuations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MACHINERY
KW  - CHAOS theory
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - FEEDBACK control systems
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13228298; Protopopescu, V. 1 Barhen, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Computing and Computational Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p400; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MACHINERY; Subject Term: CHAOS theory; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: FEEDBACK control systems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1721111
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hively, L.M.
AU  - Protopopescu, V.A.
T1  - Machine failure forewarning via phase-space dissimilarity measures.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 408
EP  - 419
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - We present a model-independent, data-driven approach to quantify dynamical changes in nonlinear, possibly chaotic, processes with application to machine failure forewarning. From time-windowed data sets, we use time-delay phase-space reconstruction to obtain a discrete form of the invariant distribution function on the attractor. Condition change in the system’s dynamic is quantified by dissimilarity measures of the difference between the test case and baseline distribution functions. We analyze time-serial mechanical (vibration) power data from several large motor-driven systems with accelerated failures and seeded faults. The phase-space dissimilarity measures show a higher consistency and discriminating power than traditional statistical and nonlinear measures, which warrants their use for timely forewarning of equipment failure. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACHINERY
KW  - CHAOS theory
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - DETERMINISTIC chaos
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
N1  - Accession Number: 13228297; Hively, L.M. 1 Protopopescu, V.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p408; Subject Term: MACHINERY; Subject Term: CHAOS theory; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: DETERMINISTIC chaos; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417990 All other machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667631
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pannala, Sreekanth
AU  - Daw, C. Stuart
AU  - Halow, John S.
T1  - Dynamic interacting bubble simulation (DIBS): An agent-based bubble model for reacting fluidized beds.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 498
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - In this paper we explore the global dynamics of an agent-type model for bubbles in gas-fluidized beds and demonstrate that these features are consistent with experimentally observed behavior. The model accounts for the simultaneous interactions of thousands of individual bubbles and includes mass-transfer and first-order reactions between the gas and solids so that the impact of the dynamics is reflected in reactant conversion. We start with model parameters that have been demonstrated to produce time average behavior consistent with experimental reactor measurements. By observing the temporal variations of spatially averaged bubble properties, we are able to clearly distinguish the onset of global low-dimensional features that appear to be consistent with previous observations. The most prominent of these features is a large-scale oscillation that exhibits intermittency with power-law scaling in the vicinity of a critical gas flow. We show that the oscillation occurs as the result of a globally synchronized horizontal movement of the bubbles toward the center of the reactor. The oscillation appears to be consistent with the occurrence of the so-called “slugging” phenomenon, which is known to have large effects on fluidized bed reactor performance. Although this model can clearly be further improved, its success in replicating several of the key features of slugging indicates that this approach can serve as a useful tool for understanding and possibly controlling fluidized bed dynamics. We also conjecture that this model may be useful for more generally understanding the occurrence of global features in high-dimensional, multi-agent systems. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GASES
KW  - BUBBLES
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13228290; Pannala, Sreekanth 1; Email Address: pannalas@ornl.gov Daw, C. Stuart 2 Halow, John S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Waynesburg College, Waynesburg, Pennsylvania 15370; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p487; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: BUBBLES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1752181
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palacios, Antonio
AU  - Finney, Charles
AU  - Cizmas, Paul
AU  - Daw, Stuart
AU  - O'Brien, Thomas
T1  - Experimental analysis and visualization of spatiotemporal patterns in spouted fluidized beds.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
EP  - 509
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - A numerical characterization based on experimental data of the spouting regime in a two-dimensional fluidized bed is presented. The aspect ratio of the bed allowed for good visualization of the spouting and solids circulation as the spouting jet gas velocity was varied to highlight the visited bifurcation sequence. Digital video sequences were recorded and then preprocessed for numerical analysis. In this paper, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) was applied to these data sets in order to identify and separate the dominant spatial features from the temporal evolution of the spouting dynamics. The results indicate that the overall spatiotemporal dynamics can be captured by a few POD eigenfunctions, and that the POD amplitudes can be used to distinguish between varying degrees of spouting. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SPOUTED bed processes
KW  - DIGITAL video
KW  - ORTHOGONAL decompositions
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13228289; Palacios, Antonio 1; Email Address: palacios@euler.sdsu.edu Finney, Charles 2; Email Address: finneyc@ornl.gov Cizmas, Paul 3; Email Address: cizmas@tamu.edu Daw, Stuart 2; Email Address: dawcs@ornl.gov O'Brien, Thomas 4; Email Address: thomas.obrien@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Nonlinear Dynamics Group, Department of Mathematics & Statistics, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182  2: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station, Texas 77843  4: Department of Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, West Virginia 26507-0880; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p499; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SPOUTED bed processes; Subject Term: DIGITAL video; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL decompositions; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1739012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karatan, Ece
AU  - Merguerian, Matthew
AU  - Han, Zhaozhong
AU  - Scholle, Michael D.
AU  - Koide, Shohei
AU  - Kay, Brian K.
T1  - Molecular Recognition Properties of FN3 Monobodies that Bind the Src SH3 Domain
JO  - Chemistry & Biology
JF  - Chemistry & Biology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 835
EP  - 844
SN  - 10745521
AB  - We have constructed a phage-displayed library based on the human fibronectin tenth type III domain (FN3) scaffold by randomizing residues in its FG and BC loops. Screening against the SH3 domain of human c-Src yielded six different clones. Five of these contained proline-rich sequences in their FG loop that resembled class I (i.e., +xxPxxP) peptide ligands for the Src SH3 domain. The sixth clone lacked the proline-rich sequence and showed particularly high binding specificity to the Src SH3 domain among various SH3 domains tested. Competitive binding, loop replacement, and NMR perturbation experiments were conducted to analyze the recognition properties of selected binders. The strongest binder was able to pull down full-length c-Src from murine fibroblast cell extracts, further demonstrating the potential of this scaffold for use as an antibody mimetic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemistry & Biology is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR recognition
KW  - PROLINE
KW  - CELLS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 13564945; Karatan, Ece 1 Merguerian, Matthew 2 Han, Zhaozhong 1 Scholle, Michael D. 1 Koide, Shohei 2 Kay, Brian K. 1; Email Address: bkay@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  2: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p835; Subject Term: MOLECULAR recognition; Subject Term: PROLINE; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.04.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, W.
AU  - Bleck, R.
AU  - Rooth, C.
T1  - Multi-decadal thermohaline variability in an ocean–atmosphere general circulation model.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
EP  - 590
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09307575
AB  - A century scale integration of a near-global atmosphere–ocean model is used to study the multi-decadal variability of the thermohaline circulation (THC) in the Atlantic. The differences between the coupled and two supplementary ocean-only experiments suggest that a significant component of this variability is controlled by either a collective behavior of the ocean and the atmosphere, particularly in the form of air-sea heat exchange, or sub-monthly random noise present in the coupled system. Possible physical mechanisms giving rise to the mode of this THC variability are discussed. The SST anomaly associated with the THC variability resembles an interdecadal SST pattern extracted from observational data, as well as a pattern associated with the 50–60 year THC variability in the GFDL coupled model. In each case, a warming throughout the subpolar North Atlantic but concentrated along the Gulf Stream and its extension is indicated when the THC is strong. Concomitantly, surface air temperature has positive anomalies over the warmer ocean, with the strongest signal located downwind of the warmest SST anomalies and intruding into the western Eurasian Continent. In addition to the thermal response, there are also changes in the atmospheric flow pattern. More specifically, an anomalous northerly wind develops over the Labrador Sea when the THC is stronger than normal, suggesting a local primacy of the atmospheric forcing in the thermohaline perturbation structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OCEAN-atmosphere interaction
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC circulation
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC models
KW  - OCEAN currents
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - NORTH Atlantic Ocean
N1  - Accession Number: 16983912; Cheng, W. 1; Email Address: wcheng@ocean.washington.edu Bleck, R. 2 Rooth, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Campus Box 355351, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B296, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  3: Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker CSWY, Miami, FL 33149, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 22 Issue 6/7, p573; Subject Term: OCEAN-atmosphere interaction; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC circulation; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC models; Subject Term: OCEAN currents; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: NORTH Atlantic Ocean; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-004-0400-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lau, Stephen
T1  - The Spinning Cube of Potential Doom.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 26
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article throws light on computer security. An image of a lone attacker trying to hack into someone else's computer has been replaced by one of waves of attacks with media-friendly names. These media darlings hide a disturbing aspect of today's Internet. Practically all systems attached to the Internet are constantly being scanned for vulnerabilities, while the number of attacks keeps increasing. Most of these consist of vulnerability scans-- the network equivalent of car thieves walking through a parking lot searching for unlocked cars. But unlike the Hollywood image of a loner launching directed attacks, many of these attempts are automated, not targeting any particular system. It's not a new phenomenon either. As the Internet has evolved, so has the volume and sophistication of its malicious traffic. Most of these scans are reconnaissance for subsequent directed attacks. Others automatically attempt to exploit a system once they discover a potential vulnerability. Practically every computer linked to the Internet is constantly being scanned for security vulnerabilities and targeted for attack by viruses, worms, and worse.
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - DATA protection
KW  - COMPUTER hackers
KW  - COMPUTER viruses
KW  - INTERNET
N1  - Accession Number: 13565581; Lau, Stephen 1; Email Address: slau@lhl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer Security analyst, National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, lawrence Berkeley National laboratories in Berkeley.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p25; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: DATA protection; Subject Term: COMPUTER hackers; Subject Term: COMPUTER viruses; Subject Term: INTERNET; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Illustration, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/990680.990699
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13565581&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berghel, Hal
AU  - Sallach, David L.
T1  - A Paradigm Shift in Computing and IT Education.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 88
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article discusses the transformation in IT education made by the organization of computing and information technology (CIT). Issues of greatest interest to CIT professionals are: reasons underlying the trend; possible changes, accompanying the shift, in how CIT will he organized and administered in the future; and whether the objectives of academic units that are thus reorganizing themselves are being realized. This article draws upon survey data to provide an early view of what the evolving profession is trying to accomplish, and the extent to which it is succeeding. The first set of questions concerned the scale CIT unit operations. Their operating budgets range from a few hundred thousand dollars to over $75 million; their external finding ranges from none to $58 million; they have between 8,500 and 250,000 square feet of space. Another sense of scale is provided by the number of majors the colleges offer, and the number of credit hours the programs produce. The number of majors ranges from five to 4,200; the number of credit hours generated ranges from 140 to 55,435. Studies indicate that CIT schools are more prevalent than colleges.
KW  - INFORMATION technology -- Study & teaching (Secondary)
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - TECHNICAL education
KW  - INFORMATION science -- Study & teaching
N1  - Accession Number: 13565556; Berghel, Hal 1,2 Sallach, David L. 3; Email Address: sallach@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Professor and Director of the School of Computer Science  2: Director, Center for Cybermedia Research, University of Nevada, Las Vegas.  3: Associate Director, Center for Complex Adaptive Agent Systems Simulation (CAS2), Argonne National Laboratory in Argonne, IL.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p83; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology -- Study & teaching (Secondary); Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: TECHNICAL education; Subject Term: INFORMATION science -- Study & teaching; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/990680.990685
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, Jerry W.
T1  - Critical fluid technology for the processing of lipid-related natural products
JO  - Comptes Rendus Chimie
JF  - Comptes Rendus Chimie
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 7
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 647
EP  - 659
SN  - 16310748
AB  - In recent years, the technology envelope that embraces critical fluids can involve a wide range of conditions, different types of pure and modified fluids, as well as processing options involving extractions, fractionations or reactions. Technological development drivers continue to be environmentally and consumer-benign processing and/or products, however in recent years expansion of the use of sub- and supercritical fluids has been catalyzed by applications in such opportune fields as nutraceuticals, conversion of biomass (bio-refining), and the ability to modify natural products by reactions. The use of critical fluid technology is an important facet of any sustainable development program, particularly when utilized over a broad, interconnected application platform. In this overview presentation, concepts and applications of critical fluids from the author’s research as well as the literature will be cited to support the above trends. A totally ‘green’ processing platform appears to be viable using carbon dioxide in the appropriate form, ethanol and water as intermediate co-solvents/reactants, and water from above its boiling point to supercritical conditions. These fluids can be combined in overall coupled unit processes, such as combining transesterification with hydrogenation, or glycerolysis of lipid moieties with supercritical fluid fractionation. Such fluids also can exploited sequentially for bio-refining processes or the segregation of value-added products, but may require using coupled fluid or unit operations to obtain the targeted product composition or purity. Changing the reduced temperatures and/or pressures of critical fluids offers a plethora of opportunity, an excellent example being the relative critical fluid state of water. For example, sub-critical water slightly above its boiling point provides a unique medium that mimics polar organic solvents, and has been used even for the extraction of thermally labile solutes or reaction chemistry. To cite this article: J.W. King, C. R. Chimie 7 (2004). (English) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Au cours des dernie&grave;res anne´es, l'enveloppe technologique qui englobe les fluides critiques a inclus une vaste gamme de conditions, de types diffe´rents de fluides purs et modifie´s, ainsi que d'options de traitement ne´cessitant des extractions, des fractionnements ou des re´actions. Le de´veloppement de cette technologie continue a&grave; s'appuyer sur des traitements et/ou des produits qui n'affectent pas l'environnement et les consommateurs mais, au cours des dernie&grave;res anne´es, l'accroissement de l'utilisation des fluides sous-critiques et supercritiques a e´te´ encourage´ par des applications telles que les produits nutraceutiques, la conversion de la biomasse (bioraffinage) et la modification des produits naturels par re´actions. L'utilisation de la technologie des fluides critiques constitue un volet important de tout programme de de´veloppement durable, en particulier lorsqu'elle est employe´e sur une vaste plate-forme d'applications interconnecte´es. Dans cette pre´sentation d'ensemble, les concepts et les applications des fluides critiques issues des recherches de l'auteur aussi bien que de la bibliographie seront mentionne´s pour appuyer les orientations expose´es ci-dessus. Une plate-forme de traitement entie&grave;rement « verte » semble eˆtre viable si l'on utilise le dioxyde de carbone sous une forme approprie´e, l'e´thanol et l'eau comme co-solvants re´actifs interme´diaires, et l'eau dans le domaine compris entre le point d'e´bullition et les conditions supercritiques. Ces fluides peuvent eˆtre combine´s dans des processus unitaires couple´s globalement, tels que la combinaison de la transeste´rification avec l'hydroge´nation, ou la glyce´rolyse des groupes lipides caracte´ristiques avec le fractionnement des fluides supercritiques. De tels fluides peuvent aussi eˆtre exploite´s se´quentiellement pour les processus de bioraffinage ou la se´gre´gation des produits a&grave; valeur ajoute´e, mais ils peuvent ne´cessiter l'utilisation de fluides couple´s ou d'ope´rations unitaires pour obtenir la composition ou la purete´ cible du produit. Le changement des tempe´ratures et/ou des pressions re´duites des fluides critiques offre une profusion d'opportunite´s, dont un excellent exemple est constitue´ par l'e´tat critique relatif de l'eau. Par exemple, l'eau sous-critique fournit, le´ge&grave;rement au-dessus de son point d'e´bullition, un milieu unique imitant celui des solvants organiques polaires, qui a meˆme e´te´ utilise´ pour l'extraction des solute´s thermiquement labiles ou la chimie re´actionnelle. Pour citer cet article : J.W. King, C. R. Chimie 7 (2004). (French) [Copyright 2004 Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Comptes Rendus Chimie is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - PLASTICIZERS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - FUNCTIONAL foods
KW  - SUSTAINABLE development
KW  - COMMERCIAL products
KW  - CONSUMER goods
KW  - GREEN products
KW  - PLANT products
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Natural products
KW  - Oleochemical
KW  - Processing
KW  - Subcritical fluid
KW  - Supercritical fluid
KW  - Water
KW  - Dioxyde de carbone
KW  - Eau
KW  - Fluide sous-critique
KW  - Fluide supercritique
KW  - Produit chimique gras
KW  - Produits naturels
KW  - Traitement
N1  - Accession Number: 13623356; King, Jerry W. 1; Email Address: kingjw@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Supercritical Fluid Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, C-ACT Group, PO Box 1663, Mail Stop E-537, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 7 Issue 6/7, p647; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: PLASTICIZERS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL foods; Subject Term: SUSTAINABLE development; Subject Term: COMMERCIAL products; Subject Term: CONSUMER goods; Subject Term: GREEN products; Subject Term: PLANT products; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural products; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oleochemical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subcritical fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercritical fluid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dioxyde de carbone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eau; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluide sous-critique; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluide supercritique; Author-Supplied Keyword: Produit chimique gras; Author-Supplied Keyword: Produits naturels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Traitement; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523130 Commodity Contracts Dealing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523140 Commodity Contracts Brokerage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.crci.2004.02.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13623356&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pankin, Alexei
AU  - McCune, Douglas
AU  - Andre, Robert
AU  - Bateman, Glenn
AU  - Kritz, Arnold
T1  - The tokamak Monte Carlo fast ion module NUBEAM in the National Transport Code Collaboration library
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 159
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
SN  - 00104655
AB  - The NUBEAM module is a comprehensive computational model for Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) in tokamaks. It is used to compute power deposition, driven current, momentum transfer, fueling, and other profiles in tokamak plasmas due to NBI. NUBEAM computes the time-dependent deposition and slowing down of the fast ions produced by NBI, taking into consideration beam geometry and composition, ion-neutral interactions (atomic physics), anomalous diffusion of fast ions, the effects of large scale instabilities, the effect of magnetic ripple, and finite Larmor radius effects. The NUBEAM module can also treat fusion product ions that contribute to alpha heating and ash accumulation, whether or not NBI is present. These physical phenomena are important in simulations of present day tokamaks and projections to future devices such as ITER. The NUBEAM module was extracted from the TRANSP integrated modeling code, using standards of the National Transport Code Collaboration (NTCC), and was submitted to the NTCC module library (http://w3.pppl.gov/NTCC). This paper describes the physical processes computed in the NUBEAM module, together with a summary of the numerical techniques that are used. The structure of the NUBEAM module is described, including its dependence on other NTCC library modules. Finally, a description of the procedure for setting up input data for the NUBEAM module and making use of the output is outlined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - IONS
KW  - RADIUS (Geometry)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Heating
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - NBI
KW  - Neutral Beam Injection
KW  - Tokamak
N1  - Accession Number: 12982319; Pankin, Alexei 1; Email Address: pankin@haven.adnc.net McCune, Douglas 2 Andre, Robert 2 Bateman, Glenn 1 Kritz, Arnold 1; Affiliation:  1: Lehigh University, Physics Department, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 159 Issue 3, p157; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: RADIUS (Geometry); Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: NBI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutral Beam Injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamak; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2003.11.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iliescu, Traian
AU  - Fischer, Paul
T1  - Backscatter in the rational LES model
JO  - Computers & Fluids
JF  - Computers & Fluids
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 783
EP  - 790
SN  - 00457930
AB  - This paper presents a comparison for the backscatter (the inverse transfer of energy from small to large scales) in the rational and the gradient large eddy simulation (LES) models. We applied both LES models in the numerical simulation of turbulent channel flows at <f>Reτ=180</f> and 395. The rational LES model yielded improved results and was more stable numerically. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Fluids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - EDDIES
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 22237663; Iliescu, Traian 1; Email Address: iliescu@math.vt.edu Fischer, Paul 2; Email Address: fischer@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 456 McBryde Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0123, USA  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 33 Issue 5/6, p783; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: EDDIES; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.compfluid.2003.06.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Rouelle, A.
AU  - Smith, K.M.
AU  - Celik, D.
AU  - Hussaini, M.Y.
AU  - Van Sciver, S.W.
T1  - Two-phase flow of solid hydrogen particles and liquid helium
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 44
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
EP  - 466
SN  - 00112275
AB  - Atomic hydrogen propellant feed systems may require transporting solid hydrogen particles containing atomic species from storage tanks to the engines using liquid helium as the carrier fluid. In this paper, a three-dimensional two-phase mixture model, along with the standard <f>k</f>–<f>#x03B5;</f> mixture turbulence model is employed to study the turbulent mixing of the fluid–particle slurry system. Numerical results show that turbulent flow is required to keep the hydrogen particles in suspension, which otherwise form a sliding layer of particles on top of the helium layer. Hydrogen particle concentration profiles in the slurry system are functions of particle size, flow velocity, and influx volume fraction of hydrogen particles. Particle dispersion at different Stokes numbers, different Kolmogorov length scales, and different time scales are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROPELLANTS
KW  - SOLID hydrogen
KW  - HELIUM at low temperatures
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Atomic hydrogen propellant feed systems
KW  - Continuum simulations
KW  - Liquid helium
KW  - Slurry flow
KW  - Solid hydrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 13397288; Xu, J. 1 Rouelle, A. 1 Smith, K.M. 1 Celik, D. 2 Hussaini, M.Y. 1; Email Address: myh@csit.fsu.edu Van Sciver, S.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, 400 Dirac Science Library, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 44 Issue 6-8, p459; Subject Term: PROPELLANTS; Subject Term: SOLID hydrogen; Subject Term: HELIUM at low temperatures; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic hydrogen propellant feed systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuum simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slurry flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid hydrogen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2004.02.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13397288&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Sciver, S.W.
AU  - Adams, T.
AU  - Caimi, F.
AU  - Celik, D.
AU  - Justak, J.
AU  - Kocak, D.
T1  - Optical mass gauging of solid hydrogen
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 44
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
EP  - 506
SN  - 00112275
AB  - We have developed a prototype solid hydrogen optical mass gauge system (SHOMGS) to quantify the mass of hydrogen within a spherical container at liquid helium temperature. Monochromatic laser light of wavelength 797 nm enters a spherical vessel (<f>d=100</f> mm), which is filled with a mixture of liquid helium and solid H2 particles of various sizes. The mass of the H2 is determined prior to insertion into the sphere by measuring the amount of gH2 that is condensed into an injector supply reservoir. In the SHOMGS a light source undergoes multiple internal reflections by the container walls and simultaneous absorption by the sH2 with the received signal being proportional to the mass of H2 in the container. The measured signal from the SHOMGS is compared to the injected mass of sH2 to quantify the performance of the device in this application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID hydrogen
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - Flow visualization
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Mass gauging
KW  - Space cryogenics
N1  - Accession Number: 13397293; Van Sciver, S.W. 1,2; Email Address: vnsciver@magnet.fsu.edu Adams, T. 1,2 Caimi, F. 3 Celik, D. 1 Justak, J. 3 Kocak, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Advanced Technology Group, Stewart, FL 34994, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 44 Issue 6-8, p501; Subject Term: SOLID hydrogen; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass gauging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space cryogenics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2004.03.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13397293&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Smith, K.M.
AU  - Celik, D.
AU  - Hussaini, M.Y.
AU  - Van Sciver, S.W.
T1  - Hydrogen particles in liquid helium
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 44
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
EP  - 514
SN  - 00112275
AB  - Numerical investigations of phase changes during the generation of solid hydrogen particles in cryogenic helium, which include vaporization and re-condensation of helium around a hydrogen droplet and solidification of the droplet in helium, are conducted to unravel the basic mechanisms underlying the phase change phenomena. In a single-fluid, two-phase mixture framework, the simulation of vaporization/condensation involves a vapor–liquid exchange model that accounts for mass and energy transfers due to phase changes between liquid and vapor helium. The enthalpy-porosity, solidification–melting technique is employed to investigate the hydrogen solidification. The volume fraction of each phase in the solidification process is determined using a volume of fluid (VOF) two-phase model, along with a piecewise-linear approach to trace the liquid/solid interface. The results throw some light on the helium flow field resulting from the phase change and the motion of the droplet. They provide some insight into the evolution of liquid–vapor phase-exchange processes as well as the solidification evolution of hydrogen particles of various diameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIUM at low temperatures
KW  - SOLID hydrogen
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Liquid helium
KW  - Phase change
KW  - Single-fluid two-phase mixture
KW  - Solid hydrogen
KW  - Solidification
KW  - Vaporization
N1  - Accession Number: 13397294; Xu, J. 1 Smith, K.M. 1 Celik, D. 2 Hussaini, M.Y. 1; Email Address: myh@csit.fsu.edu Van Sciver, S.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, 400 Dirac Science Library, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 44 Issue 6-8, p507; Subject Term: HELIUM at low temperatures; Subject Term: SOLID hydrogen; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-fluid two-phase mixture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vaporization; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2004.02.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, Haichun
AU  - Aronson, Arthur I.
T1  - The Delta Subunit of RNA Polymerase Functions in Sporulation.
JO  - Current Microbiology
JF  - Current Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 48
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 404
SN  - 03438651
AB  - Purifed RNA polymerase from Bacillus subtilis and other Gram-positive organisms contains a novel subunit designated δ encoded by the rpoE gene. There is no distinctive phenotype of strains with a disruption of this gene, so the function of δ is very subtle or redundant. We have found, however, that suppression of a block in sporulation of B. subtilis at early stage III owing to disruption of the pdhC gene encoding the E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) was attributable to a Tn10 insertion in the rpoE gene. An independent disruption of this gene also caused suppression. An earlier sporulation block due to absence of the E1β subunit of PDH was not suppressed. This specific suppression indicates that the δ subunit does have some direct or indirect role in sporulation, probably in the transcription of selected genes at stage II–III of sporulation, which is critical but only when there is functional E2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Current Microbiology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - BACILLUS subtilis
KW  - GRAM-positive bacteria
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - PYRUVATES
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
N1  - Accession Number: 16859973; Gao, Haichun 1 Aronson, Arthur I. 2; Email Address: aronson@purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Microbial Functional Genomics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States.  2: Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 48 Issue 6, p401; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: BACILLUS subtilis; Subject Term: GRAM-positive bacteria; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: PYRUVATES; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11007/s00284-003-4229-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sayler, Gary S
AU  - Simpson, Michael L
AU  - Cox, Chris D
T1  - Emerging foundations: nano-engineering and bio-microelectronics for environmental biotechnology
JO  - Current Opinion in Microbiology
JF  - Current Opinion in Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
EP  - 273
SN  - 13695274
AB  - The growth of nanotechnology, the emergence of ‘nanobiotechnology’, and the incorporation of living organisms in biomicroelectronic devices are revolutionizing the interdisciplinary opportunities for microbiologists to participate in understanding, developing and exploiting microbial processes in and from the environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Microbiology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - BIOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MICROBIOLOGISTS
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - transcription factor (TF)
N1  - Accession Number: 13397874; Sayler, Gary S 1; Email Address: sayler@utk.edu Simpson, Michael L 1 Cox, Chris D 1; Affiliation:  1: The Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology, Molecular-Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies (MENT) Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p267; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGISTS; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: transcription factor (TF); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mib.2004.04.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klueh, R.L.
T1  - Reduced-activation bainitic and martensitic steels for nuclear fusion applications
JO  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 250
SN  - 13590286
AB  - Abstract: Reduced-activation steels were developed to enhance safety and reduce adverse environmental effects of future fusion power plants. Martensitic and bainitic steels were developed during the 1985–1990 timeframe, and the feasibility of their use for fusion was investigated in an international collaboration from 1994 to present. Work continues to improve the steels and understand the effect of neutron irradiation on them. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAINITIC steel
KW  - MARTENSITIC transformations
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - Bainite
KW  - Martensite
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Steel
N1  - Accession Number: 16394546; Klueh, R.L. 1; Email Address: kluehrl@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO 2008, MS 6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 8 Issue 3/4, p239; Subject Term: BAINITIC steel; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC transformations; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bainite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221118 Other Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cossms.2004.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babu, Sudarsanam Suresh
T1  - The mechanism of acicular ferrite in weld deposits
JO  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 8
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
EP  - 278
SN  - 13590286
AB  - Abstract: Research has shown that the acicular ferrite microstructure in steel weld metal, which provides an optimum combination of strength and toughness, is indeed intragranularly nucleated bainite. It is possible to maximize the content of acicular ferrite by increasing the intragranular nucleation sites while maintaining a critical weld metal cooling rate and the steel hardenability. This paper highlights recent research related to nucleation and growth of acicular ferrite during decomposition of austenite. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - WELD thermal simulators
KW  - IRONWORK
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - Acicular ferrite
KW  - Bainite and phase transformations
KW  - Steels
KW  - Weld microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 16394549; Babu, Sudarsanam Suresh 1; Email Address: babuss@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Bldg 4508, Mail Stop 6096, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 8 Issue 3/4, p267; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: WELD thermal simulators; Subject Term: IRONWORK; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acicular ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bainite and phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weld microstructure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332111 Iron and Steel Forging; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cossms.2004.10.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodland, Karin D.
T1  - Mass spectrometry and biomarker development.
JO  - Disease Markers
JF  - Disease Markers
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 130
PB  - Hindawi Publishing Corporation
SN  - 02780240
AB  - Discusses mass spectrometry and biomarker development in the context of the Human Proteome Organization's (HUPO) Plasma Proteome Pilot Project. Reference standard for the human proteome as a key requirement for the successful application of mass spectrometric approaches to biomarker discovery; Collaborative study of human blood samples, analytical platform and bioinformatics tools.
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 14768634; Rodland, Karin D. 1; Email Address: Karin.Rodland@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p129; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: BLOOD plasma; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zangar, Richard C.
AU  - Varnum, Susan M.
AU  - Covington, Chandice Y.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - A rational approach for discovering and validating cancer markers in very small samples using mass spectrometry and ELISA microarrays.
JO  - Disease Markers
JF  - Disease Markers
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 148
PB  - Hindawi Publishing Corporation
SN  - 02780240
AB  - Identifying useful markers of cancer can be problematic due to limited amounts of sample. Some samples such as nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) or early-stage tumors are inherently small. Other samples such as serum are collected in larger volumes but archives of these samples are very valuable and only small amounts of each sample may be available for a single study. Also, given the diverse nature of cancer and the inherent variability in individual protein levels, it seems likely that the best approach to screen for cancer will be to determine the profile of a battery of proteins. As a result, a major challenge in identifying protein markers of disease is the ability to screen many proteins using very small amounts of sample. In this review, we outline some technological advances in proteomics that greatly advance this capability. Specifically, we propose a strategy for identifying markers of breast cancer in NAF that utilizes mass spectrometry (MS) to simultaneously screen hundreds or thousands of proteins in each sample. The best potential markers identified by the MS analysis can then be extensively characterized using an ELISA microarray assay. Because the microarray analysis is quantitative and large numbers of samples can be efficiently analyzed, this approach offers the ability to rapidly assess a battery of selected proteins in a manner that is directly relevant to traditional clinical assays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Disease Markers is the property of Hindawi Publishing Corporation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - PROTEIN microarrays
KW  - biomarker
KW  - mass spectrometry
KW  - protein microarray
KW  - proteomics
N1  - Accession Number: 14768636; Zangar, Richard C. 1; Email Address: richard.zangar@pnl.gov Varnum, Susan M. 1 Covington, Chandice Y. 2 Smith, Richard D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  2: University of California School of Nursing, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p135; Subject Term: CANCER; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Subject Term: ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; Subject Term: PROTEIN microarrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomarker; Author-Supplied Keyword: mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein microarray; Author-Supplied Keyword: proteomics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Dale, Virginia
AU  - Bartell, Steve
AU  - Brothers, Robin
AU  - Sorensen, John
T1  - Systems Approach to Environmental Security.
JO  - EcoHealth
JF  - EcoHealth
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 119
EP  - 123
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16129202
AB  - Focuses on a systems approach to environmental security in the U.S. Budget for environmental security requested by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Need of the country to invest in counterterrorism strategies; Impact of environmental strategy on environmental conditions.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Security management
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Dept. of Homeland Security
N1  - Accession Number: 14708322; Dale, Virginia 1; Email Address: dalevh@ornl.gov; Bartell, Steve 2; Brothers, Robin 1; Sorensen, John 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, P.O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 2: The Cadmus Group, Inc., Maryville, TN 37801; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 1 Issue 2, p119; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Security management; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Homeland Security; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1007/s10393-004-0082-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, E.S.
AU  - DiBartolomeo, D.L.
AU  - Rubinstein, F.M.
AU  - Selkowitz, S.E.
T1  - Low-cost networking for dynamic window systems
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 513
SN  - 03787788
AB  - A low-cost building communications network is needed that would allow individual window and lighting loads to be controlled from an existing enterprise LAN network. This building communications network concept, which we term Integrated Building Environmental Communications System (IBECS™), would enable both occupant-based and building-wide control of individual window, lighting, and sensor devices. IBECS can reduce the cost of systemic control because it allows a drastic cost reduction in per point networking costs. This kind of effort is needed to encourage the control industry to make the commitment to build this technology and to demonstrate to prospective customers that this breakthrough approach to more comprehensive systemic control will provide them with high-quality, convenient control while saving them money.The development and demonstration of network interfaces to DC- and AC-motorized shades and to an electrochromic window are described. The network interfaces enable one to control and monitor the condition of these fenestration appliances from a variety of sources, including a user’s personal computer. By creating a functional specification for an IBECS network interface and testing a prototype, the ability to construct such an interface was demonstrated and the cost-effective price per point better understood. The network interfaces were demonstrated to be reliable in a full-scale test of three DC-motorized Venetian blinds in an open-plan office over 2 years and in limited bench-scale tests of an electrochromic window. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Windows
KW  - Electrochromic devices
KW  - Window blinds
KW  - Cost control
KW  - Computer networks
KW  - Building energy-efficiency
KW  - Controls
KW  - Electrochromic windows
KW  - Motorized roller shades
KW  - Motorized Venetian blinds
KW  - Networking
N1  - Accession Number: 13066047; Lee, E.S.; Email Address: eslee@lbl.gov; DiBartolomeo, D.L. 1; Rubinstein, F.M. 1; Selkowitz, S.E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Building Technologies Program, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 90-3111, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p503; Subject Term: Windows; Subject Term: Electrochromic devices; Subject Term: Window blinds; Subject Term: Cost control; Subject Term: Computer networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building energy-efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Controls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromic windows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motorized roller shades; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motorized Venetian blinds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Networking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414390 Other home furnishings merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 337920 Blind and Shade Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238390 Other Building Finishing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.enbuild.2003.12.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenberg, Norman
T1  - CLIMATE AFFAIRS: A PRIMER (Book).
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 46
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 40
EP  - 41
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - Reviews the book "Climate Affairs: A Primer," by Michael H. Glantz.
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GLANTZ, Michael H.
KW  - CLIMATE Affairs: A Primer (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13270046; Rosenberg, Norman 1; Affiliation:  1: Joint Global Change Research Institute, a partnership of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the University of Maryland College Park; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 46 Issue 5, p40; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: CLIMATE Affairs: A Primer (Book); People: GLANTZ, Michael H.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 322
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, George R.
AU  - Peterson, Mark J.
AU  - Bogle, Mary Anna
T1  - Bioaccumulation Factors for Mercury in Stream Fish.
JO  - Environmental Practice
JF  - Environmental Practice
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 143
SN  - 14660474
AB  - The bioaccumulation of methylmercury in fish is a complex process affected by many site-specific environmental factors. The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) recently recommended changing the basis for expressing the ambient water quality criterion for mercury from an aqueous concentration to a measure of the methylmercury concentration in fish. This change would make the regulation of mercury in surface waters a site-specific exercise in which fish-based bioaccumulation factors (BAF; the ratio of mercury concentration in fish to the concentration of mercury in water) are used to calculate aqueous concentration limits for total mercury. These limits would then be used to allocate mercury loading among various point and nonpoint sources and guide regulatory actions. In order for this approach to succeed, it is critical that the sitespecific BAFs and methylmercury:total mercury conversion factors be independent of aqueous total mercury concentration (HgT). We investigated this relationship by measuring aqueous methylmercury and HgTs and mercury in fish in ecologically similar warm-water streams in the southeastern United States. Bioaccumulation factors based on HgT in water were found to decrease with increasing HgT, primarily as a consequence of the reduction in the ratio of aqueous methylmercury to total mercury with increasing HgT. Methylmercury-based BAFs did not vary as a function of HgT. The implication of this relationship is that site-specific determination of aqueous HgT limits at contaminated sites may use BAFs that would be underestimates of the appropriate BAFs to describe mercury bioaccumulation in the system after mercury inputs have been reduced. In such cases, regulatory limits set using site-specific BAFs might not achieve their intended purpose of reducing mercury contamination in fish to acceptable concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Practice is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Methylmercury
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Water quality
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13874566; Southworth, George R. 1; Email Address: southworthgr@ornl.gov; Peterson, Mark J. 1; Bogle, Mary Anna 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p135; Thesaurus Term: Methylmercury; Thesaurus Term: Bioaccumulation; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burger, Joanna
AU  - Myers, O.
AU  - Boring, C.S.
AU  - Dixon, C.
AU  - Lord, C.
AU  - Ramos, R.
AU  - Shukla, S.
AU  - Gochfeld, Michael
T1  - Perceptions of general environmental problems, willingness to expend federal funds on these problems, and concerns regarding the Los Alamos national laboratory: Hispanics are more concerned than Whites
JO  - Environmental Research
JF  - Environmental Research
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 95
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 174
EP  - 183
SN  - 00139351
AB  - Perceptions about general environmental problems, governmental spending for these problems, and major concerns about the US Department of Energy''s Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) were examined by interviewing 356 people attending a gun show in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The hypothesis that there are differences in these three areas as a function of ethnicity was examined. We predicted that if differences existed, they would exist for all three evaluations (general environmental problems, government spending, and environmental concerns about LANL). However, this was not the case; there were fewer ethnic differences concerning LANL. Hispanics rated most general environmental problems higher than Whites and rated their willingness to expend federal funds higher than Whites, although all groups gave a lower score on willingness than on concern. Further, the congruence between these two types of ratings was higher for Hispanics than for others. In general, the concerns expressed by subjects about LANL showed few ethnic differences, and everyone was most concerned about contamination. These data indicate that Hispanics attending a gun show are equally or more concerned than others about environmental problems generally but are not more concerned about LANL. The data can be useful for developing future research and stewardship plans and for understanding general environmental problems and their relationship to concerns about LANL. More generally, they indicate that the attitudes and perceptions of Hispanics deserve increased study in a general population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Research is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Group identity
KW  - Multiculturalism
KW  - United States
KW  - Environmental concerns
KW  - Environmental sensitivity
KW  - Ethnicity
KW  - Hispanic
KW  - Risk perceptions
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 13105828; Burger, Joanna 1,2; Email Address: burger@biology.rutgers.edu; Myers, O. 3; Boring, C.S. 1,2; Dixon, C. 1,2; Lord, C. 1,2; Ramos, R. 1,2; Shukla, S. 1,2; Gochfeld, Michael 2,4; Affiliations: 1: Division of Life Sciences, Nelson Biological Laboratory, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, St. Nelson Hall, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082, USA; 2: Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; 3: Environmental Science Group, MS J495, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 4: Environmental and Community Medicine, UMDNJ–Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 95 Issue 2, p174; Subject Term: Group identity; Subject Term: Multiculturalism; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental concerns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethnicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hispanic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk perceptions ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.envres.2003.12.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13105828&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neal, Andrew L.
AU  - Amonette, James E.
AU  - Peyton, Brent M.
AU  - Geesey, Gill G.
T1  - Uranium Complexes Formed at Hematite Surfaces Colonized by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3019
EP  - 3027
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Modeling uranium (U)transport in subsurface environments requires a thorough knowledge of mechanisms likely to restrict its mobility, such as surface complexation, precipitation, and colloid formation. In closed systems, sulfate- reducing bacteria (SRB) such as Desulfovibrio spp. demonstrably affect U immobilization by enzymatic reduction of U(VI) species (primarily the uranyl ion, UO22+ and its complexes) to U(IV). However, our understanding of such interactions under chronic U(VI) exposure in dynamic systems is limited. As a first step to understanding such interactions, we performed bioreactor experiments under continuous flow to study the effect of a biofilm of the sulfate- reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans attached to specular hematite (α-Fe2O2) surfaces on surface-associated U(VI) complexation,transformation, and mobility. Employing real-time microscopic observation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), we show that the characteristics of the U(VI) complex(es) formed at the hematite surface are influenced by the composition of the bulk aqueous phase flowing across the surface and by the presence of surface- associated SRB. The XPS data further suggest higher levels of U associated with hematite surfaces colonized by SRB than with bacteria-free surfaces. Microscopic observations indicate that at least a portion of the U(VI) that accumulates in the presence of the SRB is exterior to the cells, possibly associated with the extracellular biofilm matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Anaerobic bacteria
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Hematite
KW  - Iron ores
KW  - Desulfovibrio
N1  - Accession Number: 13512695; Neal, Andrew L. 1,2; Amonette, James E. 3; Peyton, Brent M. 4; Geesey, Gill G. 1,2; Email Address: gill_g@erc.montana.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Microboliology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717-3520.; 2: Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717-3980.; 3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Notional Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; 4: Center for Multiphase Environmental Research, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3019; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Actinide elements; Thesaurus Term: Anaerobic bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Hematite; Subject Term: Iron ores; Subject Term: Desulfovibrio; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es030648m
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
AU  - Pena, Jasquelin
AU  - Sutton, Stephen R.
AU  - Newville, Matthew
T1  - Hexavalent Uranium Diffusion into Soils from Concentrated Acidic and Alkaline Solutions.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3056
EP  - 3062
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Uranium contamination of soils and sediments often originates from acidic or alkaline waste sources, with diffusion being a major transport mechanism. Measurements of U(VI) diffusion from initially pH 2 and pH 11 solutions into a slightly alkaline Altamont soil and a neutral Oak Ridge soil were obtained through monitoring uptake from boundary reservoirs and from U concentration profiles within soil columns. The soils provided pH buffering, resulting in diffusion at nearly constant pH. Micro X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra confirmed that U remained in U(VI) forms in all soils. Time trends of U(VI) depletion from reservoirs and U(VI) concentration profiles within soil columns yielded Kd values consistent with those determined in batch tests at similar concentrations (&ap;1 mM) and much lower than values for sorption at much lower concentrations (nM to µM). These results show that U(VI) transport at high concentrations can be relatively fast at non-neutral pH, with negligible surface diffusion, because of weak sorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Absorption
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - Physical & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13512700; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Email Address: tktokunaga@lbl.gov; Wan, Jiamin 1; Pena, Jasquelin 2; Sutton, Stephen R. 3; Newville, Matthew 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; 3: University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3056; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Actinide elements; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: Physical & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es035289+
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kung-Hui Chu
AU  - Mahendra, Shaily
AU  - Song, Donald L.
AU  - Conrad, Mark R.
AU  - Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa
T1  - Stable Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Aerobic Biodegradation of Chlorinated Ethenes.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3126
EP  - 3130
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Stable isotope analysis is recognized as a powerful tool for monitoring, assessing, and validating in-situ bioremediation processes. In this study, kinetic carbon isotope fractionation factors (&epsiv;) associated with the aerobic biodegradation of vinyl chloride (VC), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cDCE), and trichloroethylene (TCE) were examined. Of the three solvents, the largest fractionation effects were observed for biodegradation of VC. Both metabolic and cometabolic VC degradation were studied using Mycobacterium aurum L1 (grown on VC), Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (grown on methane), Mycobacterium vaccae JOB5 (grown on propane), and two VC enrichment cultures seeded from contaminated soils of Alameda Point and Travis Air Force Base, CA. M. aurum L1 caused the greatest fractionation (&epsiv; = -5.7) while for the cometabolic cultures, &epsiv; values ranged from -3.2 to -4.8. VC fractionation patterns for the enrichment cultures were within the range of those observed for the metabolic and cometabolic cultures ( &epsiv;= -4.5 to -5.5). The fractionation for cometabolic degradation of TCE by Me. trichosporium OB3b was low (&epsiv; = -1.1), while no quantifiable carbon isotopic fractionation was observed during the cometabolic degradation of cDCE. For all three of the tested chlorinated ethenes, isotopic fractionation measured during aerobic degradation was significantly smaller than that reported for anaerobic reductive dechlorination. This study suggests that analysis of compound-specific isotopic fractionation could assist in determining whether aerobic or anaerobic degradation of VC and cDCE predominates in field applications of in-situ bioremediation. In contrast, isotopic fractionation effects associated with metabolic and cometabolic reactions are not sufficiently dissimilar to distinguish these processes in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Decomposition (Chemistry)
KW  - Mycobacteria
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Chlorination
N1  - Accession Number: 13512710; Kung-Hui Chu 1; Mahendra, Shaily 2; Song, Donald L. 3; Conrad, Mark R. 4; Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa 2; Email Address: alvarez@ce.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 110B Perkins Hall, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2010.; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 726 Davis Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720-1710.; 3: Brown and Caldwell, 201 North Civic Drive, Walnut Creek, California 94596.; 4: Center for Isotope Geochemistry, MS 70A-4418, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3126; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Decomposition (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Mycobacteria; Subject Term: Biochemistry; Subject Term: Chlorination; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es0355238c
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mezyk, Stephen P.
AU  - Cooper, William J.
AU  - Madden, Keith P.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
T1  - Free Radical Destruction of N-Nitrosodimethylamine in Water.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3161
EP  - 3167
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Absolute rate constants for the reactions of the hydroxyl radical, hydrated electron, and hydrogen atom with N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in water at room temperature have been determined using electron pulse radiolysis and transient absorption spectroscopy (˙OH and e-aq) and EPR free induction decay attenuation (˙H) measurements. Specific values of (4.30 ± 0.12) × 108, (1.41 ± 0.02) × 1010, and (2.01 ± 0.03) × 108 M-1 s-1 were measured, respectively. DMPO spin-trapping experiments demonstrated that the hydroxyl radical reaction with NDMA occurs by hydrogen atom abstraction from a methyl group, and the rate constant for the subsequent reaction of this radical transient with dissolved oxygen was measured as (5.3 ± 0.6) × 106 M-1 s-1. This relatively slow rate constant implies that regeneration of the parent nitrosoamine from the oxidized transient could occur in natural waters containing dissolved organic compounds. The reaction of the hydrated electron with NDMA was to form a transient adduct anion, which could subsequently transfer this excess electron to regenerate the parent chemical. Such regeneration reactions would significantly reduce the effectiveness of any applied advanced oxidation technology remediation effort on NDMA-contaminated natural waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Dimethylnitrosamine
KW  - Nitroso compounds
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Abstract thought
KW  - Nitrosoamines
N1  - Accession Number: 13512715; Mezyk, Stephen P. 1; Email Address: Smezyk@csulb.edu; Cooper, William J. 2; Madden, Keith P. 3; Bartels, David M. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840.; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403.; 3: Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dane, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556.; 4: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3161; Thesaurus Term: Dimethylnitrosamine; Thesaurus Term: Nitroso compounds; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Subject Term: Abstract thought; Subject Term: Nitrosoamines; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es0347742
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baohua Gu
AU  - Yee-Kyoung Ku
AU  - Jardine, Philip M.
T1  - Sorption and Binary Exchange of Nitrate, Sulfate, and Uranium on an Anion-Exchange Resin.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3184
EP  - 3188
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Competitive ion-exchange reactions were studied on a strong-base anion-exchange resin to remove NO3- and uranium from a contaminated groundwater containing high levels of NO3- (∼140 mM), SO42- (∼140 mM), and U(VI) (∼-0.2 mM). Results indicate that although SO3- carries divalent negative charges, it showed the least selectivity for sorption by the Purolite A-520E resin, which is functionalized with triethylamine exchange sites. Nitrate was the most strongly sorbed. Sorption selectivity followed the order of NO3- > CI- > SO42- under the experimental conditions. Nitrate competitively sorbed and displaced previously sorbed SO42- in a column flow-through experiment and resulted in a high elution front of SO42- in the effluent. Although the concentration of uranium in groundwater is orders of magnitude lower than that of NO3- or SO42-, it was found to be strongly sorbed by the anion-exchange resin. Because the most stable uranium species in oxic and suboxic environments is the UO22+ cation, its strong sorption by anion-exchange resins is hypothesized to be the result of the co-ion effect of NO3- by forming anionic UO2(NO3)3 complexes in the resin matrix. These observations point out a potential alternative remediation strategy that uses strong-base anion-exchange resins to remove uranium from this site-specific groundwater, which has a low pH and a relatively high NO3- concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Nitrates
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Physical & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Gums & resins
KW  - Line geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13512718; Baohua Gu 1; Email Address: b26@ornl.gov; Yee-Kyoung Ku 1; Jardine, Philip M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036.; Issue Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p3184; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Nitrates; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Subject Term: Physical & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: Gums & resins; Subject Term: Line geometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/es034902m
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wheldon, C.
AU  - Valiente-Dobón, J. J.
AU  - Regan, P. H.
AU  - Pearson, C. J.
AU  - Wu, C. Y.
AU  - Smith, J. F.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A. O.
AU  - Cline, D.
AU  - Chakrawarthy, R. S.
AU  - Chapman, R.
AU  - Cromaz, M.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Freeman, S. J.
AU  - Görgen, A.
AU  - Gelletly, W.
AU  - Hayes, A.
AU  - Hua, H.
AU  - Langdown, S. D.
AU  - Lee, I. Y.
AU  - Liang, X.
T1  - Multi-quasiparticle states in 184W via multi-nucleon transfer.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
EP  - 369
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - A multi-nucleon transfer reaction using an 850 MeV 136Xe beam incident on a 198Pt target was used to populate high-spin states in 184W, 14 nucleons from the target. A 4-quasiparticle isomer with t1/2 =188±38 ns has been observed for the first time and its de-excitation through collective and intrinsic structures studied. The results are compared with predictions of blocked BCS Nilsson calculations. Observation of this metastable state completes the tungsten 4-quasiparticle isomer systematics from A 176 to 186. Mapping out the most yrast 4-quasiparticle isomers in these even-even tungsten isotopes suggests the existence of a highly favoured state in 188W, within reach of current experimental set-ups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16708532; Wheldon, C. 1,2; Email Address: wheldon@hini.de Valiente-Dobón, J. J. 1 Regan, P. H. 1,3 Pearson, C. J. 1 Wu, C. Y. 4 Smith, J. F. 5 Macchiavelli, A. O. 6 Cline, D. 4 Chakrawarthy, R. S. 5 Chapman, R. 7 Cromaz, M. 6 Fallon, P. 6 Freeman, S. J. 5 Görgen, A. 6 Gelletly, W. 1 Hayes, A. 4 Hua, H. 4 Langdown, S. D. 1,3 Lee, I. Y. 6 Liang, X. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, Guildford, Surrey, UK.  2: Kernphysik II, Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, D-64291, Darmstadt, Germany.  3: Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, CT 06520-8124, New Haven, USA.  4: Department of Physics, University of Rochester, New York, NY, USA.  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Schuster Laboratory, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, 94720, Berkeley, USA.  7: School of ICT, University of Paisley, PA1 2BE, Paisley, UK.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p365; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2003-10189-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urban, W.
AU  - Rz&acedil;ca-Urban, T.
AU  - Durell, J. L.
AU  - Phillips, W. R.
AU  - Smith, A. G.
AU  - Varley, B. J.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Schulz, N.
T1  - First observation of excited states in the 110Mo nucleus.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 381
EP  - 384
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The ground-state band in 110Mo has been observed for the first time. The band, comprising six levels, has been populated in the spontaneous fission of 248Cm and studied by means of prompt γ-ray spectroscopy using the EUROGAM2 array. The ratio Eexe (4+)=Eexe(2+) suggests that the deformation of 110Mo is smaller than that in 108Mo but may stabilize at higher neutron number, where an oblate shape is expected. The new data suggests that the deformation of Sr and Zr isotopes decreases above neutron number N = 64. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - ENERGY bands
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NEUTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16708526; Urban, W. 1,2 Rz&acedil;ca-Urban, T. 1; Email Address: urban@fuw.edu.pl Durell, J. L. 3 Phillips, W. R. 3 Smith, A. G. 3 Varley, B. J. 3 Ahmad, I. 4 Schulz, N. 5; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoża 69, PL-00-681, Warsaw, Poland.  2: Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, IN2P3-CNRS/Université Joseph Fourier, F-38026, Grenoble Cedex, France.  3: Schuster Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.  4: Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, Argonne, USA.  5: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques UMR7500, CNRS-IN2P3 et Université Louis Pasteur, F-67037, Strasbourg, France.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p381; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: ENERGY bands; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2004-10023-y
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16708526&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newby, D.T.
AU  - Reed, D.W.
AU  - Petzke, L.M.
AU  - Igoe, A.L.
AU  - Delwiche, M.E.
AU  - Roberto, F.F.
AU  - McKinley, J.P.
AU  - Whiticar, M.J.
AU  - Colwell, F.S.
T1  - Diversity of methanotroph communities in a basalt aquifer
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 48
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 344
SN  - 01686496
AB  - Methanotrophic bacteria play an important role in global cycling of carbon and co-metabolism of contaminants. Methanotrophs from pristine regions of the Snake River Plain Aquifer (SRPA; Idaho, USA) were studied in order to gain insight into the native groundwater communities'' genetic potential to carry out TCE co-metabolism. Wells were selected that were proximal to a TCE plume believed to be undergoing natural attenuation. Methane concentrations ranged from 1 to >1000 nM. Carbon isotope ratios and diversity data together suggest that the SRPA contains active communities of methanotrophs that oxidize microbially produced methane. Microorganisms removed from groundwater by filtration were used as inocula for enrichments or frozen immediately and DNA was subsequently extracted for molecular characterization. Primers that specifically target methanotroph 16S rRNA genes or genes that code for subunits of soluble or particulate methane monooxygenase, mmoX and pmoA, respectively, were used to characterize the indigenous methanotrophs via PCR, cloning, RFLP analysis, and sequencing. Type I methanotroph clones aligned with Methylomonas, Methylocaldum, and Methylobacter sequences and a distinct 16S rRNA phylogenetic lineage grouped near Methylobacter. The majority of clone sequences in type II methanotroph 16S rRNA, pmoA, and mmoX gene libraries grouped closely with sequences in the Methylocystis genus. A subset of the type II methanotroph clones from the aquifer had sequences that aligned most closely to Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b and Methylocystis spp., known TCE-co-metabolizing methanotrophs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Ecology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - MONOOXYGENASES
KW  - BASALT
KW  - GENES
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - Methane monooxygenase
KW  - Methanotrophs
KW  - pMMO
KW  - Sequence diversity
KW  - sMMO
N1  - Accession Number: 13178862; Newby, D.T. 1; Email Address: newbdt@inel.gov Reed, D.W. 1 Petzke, L.M. 1 Igoe, A.L. 2 Delwiche, M.E. 1 Roberto, F.F. 1 McKinley, J.P. 3 Whiticar, M.J. 4 Colwell, F.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, MS 2203, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA  2: Albertson College of Idaho, Caldwell, ID, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  4: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 48 Issue 3, p333; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: MONOOXYGENASES; Subject Term: BASALT; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane monooxygenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanotrophs; Author-Supplied Keyword: pMMO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequence diversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: sMMO; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.femsec.2004.02.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13178862&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edgell, D.H.
AU  - Fransson, C.M.
AU  - Humphreys, D.A.
AU  - Ferron, J.R.
AU  - Garofalo, A.M.
AU  - Kim, J.S.
AU  - La Haye, R.J.
AU  - Okabayashi, M.
AU  - Reimerdes, H.
AU  - Strait, E.J.
AU  - Turnbull, A.D.
T1  - Real-time identification of the resistive-wall-mode in DIII-D with Kalman filter ELM discrimination
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 57
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The resistive-wall-mode (RWM) is a major performance-limiting instability in present-day tokamaks. Active control and stabilization of the mode will almost certainly be essential for the success of advanced tokamaks and for the economic viability of tokamak fusion reactors. High performance tokamak plasmas often experience edge-localized-modes (ELMs) which can interfere with RWM identification and control. If the RWM control scheme reacts to an ELM the RWM may be driven unstable instead of controlled. An algorithm for real-time identification of the RWM with discrimination of ELMs in the DIII-D tokamak has been developed using a combination of matched filter and Kalman filter methods. The algorithm has been implemented in DIII-D’s real-time plasma control system (PCS) and is available to drive active mode control schemes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KALMAN filtering
KW  - REAL-time control
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - Edge-localized-modes
KW  - Kalman filter
KW  - Matched filter
KW  - Resistive-wall-mode
KW  - Tokamak
N1  - Accession Number: 13624242; Edgell, D.H. 1,2; Email Address: dedg@lle.rochester.edu Fransson, C.M. 3 Humphreys, D.A. 4 Ferron, J.R. 4 Garofalo, A.M. 5 Kim, J.S. 2 La Haye, R.J. 4 Okabayashi, M. 6 Reimerdes, H. 5 Strait, E.J. 4 Turnbull, A.D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Laser Energetic, University of Rochester, 250 E. River Road, Rochester, NY 14623, USA  2: FAR-TECH Inc., 10350 Science Center Dr, Building 14-150, San Diego, CA 92121, USA  3: Department of Signals and Systems, Control and Automation, Laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden  4: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  5: Department of Physics, Columbia U., New York, NY 10027, USA  6: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1-4, p53; Subject Term: KALMAN filtering; Subject Term: REAL-time control; Subject Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Edge-localized-modes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kalman filter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matched filter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistive-wall-mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamak; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.04.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13624242&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mastrovito, D.
AU  - Ferron, J.
AU  - Gates, D.
AU  - Gibney, T.
AU  - Johnson, R.
T1  - Real-time control software on NSTX
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
EP  - 69
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The National Spherical Tokamak Experiment (NSTX) depends on high speed, real-time control to establish initial magnetic field configurations, drive plasma current, and control plasma position and shape. The control required on NSTX is achieved through the combined efforts of several applications developed collaboratively including the power supply real-time controller (PSRTC) and the plasma control system (PCS). The PSRTC communicates with the PCS receiving from the PCS real-time voltage controls and is responsible for supplying dc power to the NSTX poloidal field, toroidal field and Ohmic heating coils. The PCS, which was designed at general atomics, controls the data acquisition, gas injection, plasma current, and plasma shape, including a real-time EFIT and isoflux algorithm for equilibrium reconstruction. Modular control algorithms, specific to NSTX, were written and incorporated into the PCS. The NSTX control system is equipped with 160 channels of fast real-time data acquisition and eight 333 MHz G4 processors, which perform the supervision, position, shape, and performance control. After a discharge, the acquired data and setup parameters are transferred to an MDSPlus central archive for later inspection and can be used to repeat previous machine configurations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REAL-time control
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - AUTOMATIC control
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - NSTX
KW  - Plasma control
KW  - Real-time software
N1  - Accession Number: 13624244; Mastrovito, D. 1; Email Address: dmastrovito@pppl.gov Ferron, J. 2 Gates, D. 1 Gibney, T. 1 Johnson, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA  2: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-9784, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1-4, p65; Subject Term: REAL-time control; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC control; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: NSTX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Real-time software; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.04.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13624244&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sichta, P.
AU  - Dong, J.
AU  - Marsala, R.
AU  - Oliaro, G.
AU  - Wertenbaker, J.
T1  - Developments to supplant CAMAC with industry standard technology at NSTX
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 133
SN  - 09203796
AB  - National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX), like other research programs, is facing an inevitable crisis due to end-of-life issues for its 20-year-old CAMAC instrumentation. In many cases, replacement components are not available, effectively rendering a CAMAC module unusable after a failure. The proliferation of high performance, reliable, low-cost commodity computing hardware and software based on industry standard technology can provide the basis for a new generation of instrumentation. At NSTX, there have been several advances towards developing a PCI-based model for data acquisition and control systems. New hardware developments include a High Performance Signal Conditioning board and an Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based Multifunction Timing System (MTS). Extensible software interfaces have been developed to integrate these boards into the NSTX computing environment [P. Sichta, J. Dong, G. Oliaro, P. Roney ‘Overview of the NSTX Control System,’ 8th International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control Systems, San Jose, CA (2001)]. This paper will illustrate these developments and how they could be used to benefit collaborative fusion research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIELD programmable gate arrays
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - PROGRAMMABLE logic devices
KW  - GATE array circuits
KW  - CAMAC
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - Digitizer
KW  - PCI
KW  - Timing
N1  - Accession Number: 13624255; Sichta, P.; Email Address: psichta@pppl.gov Dong, J. 1 Marsala, R. 1 Oliaro, G. 1 Wertenbaker, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1-4, p129; Subject Term: FIELD programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: PROGRAMMABLE logic devices; Subject Term: GATE array circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: CAMAC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digitizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Timing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.04.023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13624255&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, W.
AU  - Mastrovito, D.
T1  - DbAccess: interactive statistics and graphics for plasma physics databases
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 188
SN  - 09203796
AB  - DbAccess is an X-windows application, written in IDL®, meeting many specialized statistical and graphical needs of NSTX Plasma Physicists, such as regression statistics and the analysis of variance. Flexible “views” and “joins,” which include options for complex SQL expressions, facilitate mixing data from different database tables. General Atomics Plot Objects add extensive graphical and interactive capabilities. An example is included for plasma confinement-time scaling analysis using a multiple linear regression least-squares power fit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - Data visualization
KW  - Database
KW  - NSTX
KW  - Plasma physics
KW  - Regression
N1  - Accession Number: 13624263; Davis, W.; Email Address: bdavis@pppl.gov Mastrovito, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1-4, p183; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data visualization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Database; Author-Supplied Keyword: NSTX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regression; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.04.031
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13624263&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schissel, D.P.
AU  - Burruss, J.R.
AU  - Finkelstein, A.
AU  - Flanagan, S.M.
AU  - Foster, I.T.
AU  - Fredian, T.W.
AU  - Greenwald, M.J.
AU  - Johnson, C.R.
AU  - Keahey, K.
AU  - Klasky, S.A.
AU  - Li, K.
AU  - McCune, D.C.
AU  - Papka, M.
AU  - Peng, Q.
AU  - Randerson, L.
AU  - Sanderson, A.
AU  - Stillerman, J.
AU  - Stevens, R.
AU  - Thompson, M.R.
AU  - Wallace, G.
T1  - Building the US National Fusion Grid: results from the National Fusion Collaboratory Project
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 250
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The US National Fusion Collaboratory Project is developing a persistent infrastructure to enable scientific collaboration for all aspects of magnetic fusion research. The project is creating a robust, user-friendly collaborative software environment and making it available to more than 1000 fusion scientists in 40 institutions who perform magnetic fusion research in the United States. In particular, the project is developing and deploying a national Fusion Energy Sciences Grid (FusionGrid) that is a system for secure sharing of computation, visualization, and data resources over the Internet. The FusionGrid goal is to allow scientists at remote sites to fully participate in experimental and computational activities as if they were working at a common site thereby creating a virtual organization of the US fusion community. The project is funded by the USDOE Office of Science, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program and unites fusion and computer science researchers to directly address these challenges. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTATION laboratories
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - INFORMATION visualization
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Computer science
KW  - Fusion
KW  - US
N1  - Accession Number: 13624273; Schissel, D.P. 1; Email Address: schissel@fusion.gat.com Burruss, J.R. 1 Finkelstein, A. 2 Flanagan, S.M. 1 Foster, I.T. 3 Fredian, T.W. 4 Greenwald, M.J. 4 Johnson, C.R. 5 Keahey, K. 3 Klasky, S.A. 2 Li, K. 2 McCune, D.C. 2 Papka, M. 3 Peng, Q. 1 Randerson, L. 2 Sanderson, A. 5 Stillerman, J. 4 Stevens, R. 3 Thompson, M.R. 6 Wallace, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4844, USA  4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA  5: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 04720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1-4, p245; Subject Term: COMPUTATION laboratories; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: INFORMATION visualization; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer science; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: US; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.04.041
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13624273&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burruss, J.R.
AU  - Flanagan, S.
AU  - Keahey, K.
AU  - Ludescher, C.
AU  - McCune, D.C.
AU  - Peng, Q.
AU  - Randerson, L.
AU  - Schissel, D.P.
AU  - Thompson, M.
T1  - Remote computing using the National Fusion Grid
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 255
SN  - 09203796
AB  - The National Fusion Collaboratory () uses grid technology to implement remote computing on the National Fusion Grid. The motivations are to reduce the cost of computing resources, shorten the software deployment cycle, and simplify remote computing for the user community. The National Fusion Collaboratory has successfully demonstrated remote access as a grid service to the TRANSP transport analysis code for tokamak experiments. TRANSP development and administration are now centralized at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), obviating both the need to port TRANSP to different platforms and the process of deploying TRANSP to remote sites. TRANSP users now share the resources of a powerful Linux cluster located at PPPL. Fusion researchers have completed over 900 TRANSP runs utilizing over 5600 h of CPU time since the TRANSP service was installed in October 2002. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - REMOTE computing
KW  - ELECTRON tubes -- Grids
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Grid computing
KW  - MDSplus
KW  - National Fusion Grid
KW  - TRANSP
N1  - Accession Number: 13624274; Burruss, J.R. 1; Email Address: burruss@fusion.gat.com Flanagan, S. 1 Keahey, K. 2 Ludescher, C. 3 McCune, D.C. 3 Peng, Q. 1 Randerson, L. 3 Schissel, D.P. 1 Thompson, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Argonne National Lab, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1-4, p251; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: REMOTE computing; Subject Term: ELECTRON tubes -- Grids; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: MDSplus; Author-Supplied Keyword: National Fusion Grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: TRANSP; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.04.042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13624274&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bellen, Hugo J.
AU  - Levis, Robert W.
AU  - Guochun Liao
AU  - Yuchun He
AU  - Carlson, Joseph W.
AU  - Tsang, Garson
AU  - Evans-Holm, Martha
AU  - Hiesinger, P. robin
AU  - Schulze, Karen L.
AU  - Rubin, Gerald M.
AU  - Hoskins, Roger A.
AU  - Spradling, Allan C.
T1  - The BDGP Gene Disruption Project: Single Transposon Insertions Associated With 40% of Drosophila Genes.
JO  - Genetics
JF  - Genetics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 167
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 761
EP  - 781
SN  - 00166731
AB  - The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) strives to disrupt each Drosophila gene by the insertion of a single transposable element. As part of this effort, transposons in >30,000 fly strains were localized and analyzed relative to predicted Drosophila gene structures. Approximately 6300 lines that maximize genomic coverage were selected to be sent to the Bloomington Stock Center for public distribution, bringing the size of the BDGP gene disruption collection to 7140 lines. It now includes individual lines predicted to disrupt 5362 of the 13,666 currently annotated Drosophila genes (39%). Other lines contain an insertion at least 2 kb from others in the collection and likely mutate additional incompletely annotated or uncharacterized genes and chromosomal regulatory elements. The remaining strains contain insertions likely to disrupt alternative gene promoters or to allow gene misexpression. The expanded BDGP gene disruption collection provides a public resource that will facilitate the application of Drosophila genetics to diverse biological problems. Finally, the project reveals new insight into how transposons interact with a eukaryotic genome and helps define optimal strategies for using insertional mutagenesis as a genomic tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genetics is the property of Genetics Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DROSOPHILA -- Genetics
KW  - TRANSPOSONS
KW  - MOBILE genetic elements
KW  - DNA insertion elements
KW  - GENES
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14010051; Bellen, Hugo J. 1 Levis, Robert W. 2 Guochun Liao 3 Yuchun He 1 Carlson, Joseph W. 4 Tsang, Garson 3 Evans-Holm, Martha 3 Hiesinger, P. robin 1 Schulze, Karen L. 1 Rubin, Gerald M. 3 Hoskins, Roger A. 4 Spradling, Allan C. 2; Email Address: spradling@ciwemb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Development Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  2: Department of Embryology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Research Laboratories, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Baltimore, Maryland  3: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 167 Issue 2, p761; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA -- Genetics; Subject Term: TRANSPOSONS; Subject Term: MOBILE genetic elements; Subject Term: DNA insertion elements; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1534/genetics.103.026427
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14010051&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chick, Wallace S.H.
AU  - Mentzer, Sarah E.
AU  - Carpenter, Donald A.
AU  - Rinchik, Eugene M.
AU  - Yun You
T1  - Modification of an Existing Chromosomal Inversion to Engineer a Balancer for Mouse Chromosome 15.
JO  - Genetics
JF  - Genetics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 167
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 889
EP  - 895
SN  - 00166731
AB  - Chromosomal inversions are valuable genetic tools for mutagenesis screens, where appropriately marked inversions can be used as balancer chromosomes to recover and maintain mutations in the corresponding chromosomal region. For any inversion to be effective as a balancer, it should exhibit both dominant and recessive visible traits; ideally the recessive trait should be a fully penetrant lethality in which inversion homozygotes die before birth. Unfortunately, most inversions recovered by classical radiation or chemical mutagenesis techniques do not have an overt phenotype in either the heterozygous or the homozygous state. However, they can be modified by relatively simple procedures to make them suitable as an appropriately marked balancer. We have used homologous recombination to modify, in embryonic stem cells, the recessive-lethal In(15)21Rk inversion to endow it with a dominant-visible phenotype. Several ES cell lines were derived from inversion heterozygotes, and a keratin-14 (K14) promoter-driven agouti minigene was introduced onto the inverted chromosome 15 in the ES cells by gene targeting. Mice derived from the targeted ES cells carry the inverted chromosome 15 and, at the same time, exhibit lighter coat color on their ears and tails, making this modified In (15)21Rk useful as a balancer for proximal mouse chromosome 15. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genetics is the property of Genetics Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOME inversions
KW  - CHROMOSOME polymorphism
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - MICE -- Genetics
KW  - TERATOGENESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 14010061; Chick, Wallace S.H. 1 Mentzer, Sarah E. 2 Carpenter, Donald A. 2 Rinchik, Eugene M. 2,3 Yun You 2; Email Address: youy@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Genome Sciences and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  2: Mammalian Genetics and Genomics Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee  3: Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 167 Issue 2, p889; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME inversions; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME polymorphism; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: MICE -- Genetics; Subject Term: TERATOGENESIS; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1534/genetics.103.0026468
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14010061&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siegel, Robert W.
AU  - Velappan, Nileena
AU  - Pavlik, Peter
AU  - Chasteen, Leslie
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew
T1  - Recombinatorial Cloning Using Heterologous Lox Sites.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1119
EP  - 1129
SN  - 10889051
AB  - Recombination systems based on λ and Cre/loxP have been described to facilitate gene transfer from one vector to another in a high-throughput fashion, avoiding the bottlenecks associated with traditional cloning. However, no system described to date is suitable for the cloning of affinity reagents selected from display libraries, which requires that the recombination signals flanking the affinity reagent are translated with a minimum impact on functionality. As affinity reagents will be essential tools in the functional characterization of proteomes, and display technologies represent the most effective means to generate such affinity reagents on a genomic scale, we developed a Cre/IoxP-based system, using mutually exclusive heterologous loxP sites placed 5' (Lox 2372) and 3' (Lox WT) of an affinity reagent (scFv). The translated lox sites have minimal impact on scFv expression or functionality, and, in association with a conditionally lethal gene (SacB) permit efficient, high-fidelity transfer to destination vectors. This approach will considerably facilitate the high-throughput downstream use of affinity reagents selected by display technologies, as well as being widely applicable to general recombinatorial cloning for genomic purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genome Research is the property of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - MOLECULAR cloning
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
N1  - Accession Number: 13684610; Siegel, Robert W. 1 Velappan, Nileena 1 Pavlik, Peter 1 Chasteen, Leslie 1 Bradbury, Andrew 1; Email Address: amb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1119; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Subject Term: MOLECULAR cloning; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1101/gr.1821804
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13684610&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crooks, Gavin E.
AU  - Hon, Gary
AU  - Chandonia, John-Marc
AU  - Brenner, Steven E.
T1  - WebLogo: A Sequence Logo Generator.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1188
EP  - 1190
SN  - 10889051
AB  - WebLogo generates sequence Iogos, graphical representations of the patterns within a multiple sequence alignment. Sequence Iogos provide a richer and more precise description of sequence similarity than consensus sequences and can rapidly reveal significant features of the alignment otherwise difficult to perceive. Each logo consists of stacks of letters, one stack for each position in the sequence. The overall height of each stack indicates the sequence conservation at that position (measured in bits), whereas the height of symbols within the stack reflects the relative frequency of the corresponding amino or nucleic acid at that position. WebLogo has been enhanced recently with additional features and options, to provide a convenient and highly configurable sequence logo generator. A command line interface and the complete, open WebLogo source code are available for local installation and customization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genome Research is the property of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - OPEN source software
KW  - WEBSITES
N1  - Accession Number: 13684617; Crooks, Gavin E. 1 Hon, Gary 1 Chandonia, John-Marc 2 Brenner, Steven E. 1,2; Email Address: brenner@compbio.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Berkeley Structural Genomics center, Physicial Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Californai 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1188; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: OPEN source software; Subject Term: WEBSITES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1101/gr.849004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13684617&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ovcharenko, Ivan
AU  - Boffelli, Dario
AU  - Loots, Gabriela G.
T1  - EShadow: A Tool for Comparing Closely Related Sequences.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1191
EP  - 1198
SN  - 10889051
AB  - Primate sequence comparisons are difficult to interpret due to the high degree of sequence similarity shared between such closely related species. Recently, a novel method, phylogenetic shadowing, has been pioneered for predicting functional elements in the human genome through the analysis of multiple primate sequence alignments. We have expanded this theoretical approach to create a computational tool, eShadow, for the identification of elements under selective pressure in multiple sequence alignments of closely related genomes, such as in comparisons of human-to-primate or mouse-to-rat DNA. This tool integrates two different statistical methods and allows for the dynamic visualization of the resulting conservation profile, eShadow also includes a versatile optimization module capable of training the underlying Hidden Markov Model to differentially predict functional sequences. This module grants the tool high flexibility in the analysis of multiple sequence alignments and in comparing sequences with different divergence rates. Here, we describe the eShadow comparative tool and its potential uses for analyzing both multiple nucleotide and protein alignments to predict putative functional elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genome Research is the property of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - PRIMATES
KW  - HUMAN genome
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13684618; Ovcharenko, Ivan 1,2; Email Address: ovcharenko@llnl.gov Boffelli, Dario 3 Loots, Gabriela G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy, Environment, Biology and Institutional Computing (EEBI)  2: Genome Biology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA  3: Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p1191; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: PRIMATES; Subject Term: HUMAN genome; Subject Term: GENETICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1101/gr.1773104
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13684618&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xi, Tong
AU  - Jones, Irene M.
AU  - Mohrenweiser, Harvey W.
T1  - Many amino acid substitution variants identified in DNA repair genes during human population screenings are predicted to impact protein function
JO  - Genomics
JF  - Genomics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 83
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 970
EP  - 979
SN  - 08887543
AB  - Over 520 different amino acid substitution variants have been previously identified in the systematic screening of 91 human DNA repair genes for sequence variation. Two algorithms were employed to predict the impact of these amino acid substitutions on protein activity. Sorting Intolerant from Tolerant (SIFT) classified 226 of 508 variants (44%) as “Intolerant.” Polymorphism Phenotyping (PolyPhen) classed 165 of 489 amino acid substitutions (34%) as “Probably or possibly damaging.” Another 9–15% of the variants were classed as “Potentially intolerant or damaging.” The results from the two algorithms are highly associated, with concordance in predicted impact observed for ∼62% of the variants. Twenty-one to thirty-one percent of the variant proteins are predicted to exhibit reduced activity by both algorithms. These variants occur at slightly lower individual allele frequency than do the variants classified as “Tolerant” or “Benign.” Both algorithms correctly predicted the impact of 26 functionally characterized amino acid substitutions in the APE1 protein on biochemical activity, with one exception. It is concluded that a substantial fraction of the missense variants observed in the general human population are functionally relevant. These variants are expected to be the molecular genetic and biochemical basis for the associations of reduced DNA repair capacity phenotypes with elevated cancer risk. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Genomics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - HUMAN genetics -- Variation
KW  - DNA repair genes
KW  - Genetic variation
KW  - Polymorphisms
KW  - Predicted protein activity
N1  - Accession Number: 13332180; Xi, Tong 1 Jones, Irene M. 1 Mohrenweiser, Harvey W.; Email Address: hmohrenw@uci.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 83 Issue 6, p970; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: HUMAN genetics -- Variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA repair genes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic variation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymorphisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Predicted protein activity; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.12.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13332180&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ilton, Eugene S.
AU  - Haiduc, Anca
AU  - Moses, Carl O.
AU  - Heald, Steve M.
AU  - Elbert, David C.
AU  - Veblen, David R.
T1  - Heterogeneous reduction of uranyl by micas: Crystal chemical and solution controls
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 68
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2417
EP  - 2435
SN  - 00167037
AB  - This contribution primarily uses X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to better understand mechanisms for coupled sorption-reduction of aqueous UVI by ferrous micas. Additional information was obtained with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The research is important because homogeneous reduction of aqueous UVI is sluggish compared to heterogeneous reduction pathways, and micas are important sorbents for uranium in granitic terrains, which have been proposed as potential radionuclide waste disposal sites.Three micas (high, medium and low Fe/Mg biotites), prepared as thin centimeter-sized books, were reacted with UVI solutions that contained 0–25 mM Na+ or K+, at pH = 4.5, 5.0, 6.0, and 9.5. All the experiments were performed under argon at one bar. Solid samples were retrieved at timed intervals for up to 20 h. Both mica edge and basal plane orientations were analyzed by XPS. Analyses of peak positions, core satellites, and the 5f valence band indicate that UVI can be reduced by biotite and that heterogeneous reduction depends on the type and concentration of alkali cation in solution, crystallography, and mica composition. We conclude that ferrous micas can reduce UVI on edge sites, but not on exposed basal plane surfaces, and that Na+ and K+ facilitate and hinder the reaction, respectively. These observations pertain over a broad range of pH.X-Ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) of annite sections indicates that the interlayer region, as opposed to external basal surfaces, also offers possible sites for heterogeneous reduction of UVI. TEM of annites with high uranium coverage confirmed the presence of interlayer uranium; interestingly, this uranium is concentrated in U-rich nano-scale zones. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ROCK-forming minerals
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13100739; Ilton, Eugene S. 1; Email Address: Eugene.Ilton@PNL.gov Haiduc, Anca 2 Moses, Carl O. 3 Heald, Steve M. 4 Elbert, David C. 5 Veblen, David R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN: K8-96, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Shell Global Solutions International B.V., P.O. Box 38000, 1030 BN Amsterdam, The Netherlands  3: Lehigh University, Department of Earth &Environmental Sciences 31 Williams Drive Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA  4: PNC-CAT, Bldg. 435E, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 68 Issue 11, p2417; Subject Term: ROCK-forming minerals; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.08.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13100739&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elzinga, Evert J.
AU  - Tait, C. Drew
AU  - Reeder, Richard J.
AU  - Rector, Kirk D.
AU  - Donohoe, Robert J.
AU  - Morris, David E.
T1  - Spectroscopic investigation of U(VI) sorption at the calcite-water interface
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 68
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2437
EP  - 2448
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The interaction of U(VI) species with the calcite surface in pre-equilibrated calcite suspensions at pH 7.4 and 8.3 and P(CO2) = 10-3.5 bar was characterized in situ using extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) and luminescence spectroscopies. Results indicate that uranyl triscarbonate-like adsorption complexes dominate at U(VI) solution concentrations <500 μM, whereas the formation of U(VI) hydroxide and carbonato precipitates is observed at higher concentrations, consistent with isotherm data and aqueous speciation calculations. The EXAFS data indicate weak splitting in the equatorial O shell of the U(VI) adsorption complexes, which may indicate that the adsorption complexes are bound in an inner-sphere fashion at the calcite surface, although no Ca backscattering could be positively identified. The luminescence data indicate the presence of at least two adsorption complexes that change proportion with U(VI) loading. One species, dominating at low-surface coverage, is the uranyl triscarbonate complex. A second species is observed at higher surface loadings with a luminescence spectrum that is intermediate between the triscarbonate species found at the lowest loadings and uranyl incorporated into bulk polycrystalline calcite. The combined EXAFS and luminescence data indicate that the U(VI) adsorption complexes forming at the calcite surface are triscarbonate-like complexes, with a change in interaction with calcite surface sites as the surface loading increases, and the formation of U(VI) hydroxide/carbonato precipitates at high concentrations. Consequently, multiple uranyl species are likely to exist at the calcite surface during interaction of U(VI)-containing waters in the near-surface environment. Furthermore, complex sorption/desorption behavior and kinetics may be associated with differing stabilities of sorbed U(VI) species in calcite-containing materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13100740; Elzinga, Evert J. 1; Email Address: eelzinga@notes.cc.sunysb.edu Tait, C. Drew 2 Reeder, Richard J. 1 Rector, Kirk D. 3 Donohoe, Robert J. 3 Morris, David E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences and Center for Environmental Molecular Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2100 USA  2: Chemistry Division, G. T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA  3: Biosciences Division, G. T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 68 Issue 11, p2437; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.09.023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13100740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manceau, Alain
AU  - Marcus, Matthew A.
AU  - Tamura, Nobumichi
AU  - Proux, Olivier
AU  - Geoffroy, Nicolas
AU  - Lanson, Bruno
T1  - Natural speciation of Zn at the micrometer scale in a clayey soil using X-ray fluorescence, absorption, and diffraction
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 68
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2467
EP  - 2483
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Combined use of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence (SXRF), diffraction (XRD), and absorption (EXAFS) with an X-ray spot size as small as five micrometers allows us to examine noninvasively heterogeneous soils and sediments. Specifically, the speciation of trace metals at low bulk concentrations and the nature of host minerals can be probed with a level of detail unattainable by other techniques. The potential of this novel analytical approach is demonstrated by determining the Zn species in the solid phases of a pristine horizon of a clayey acidic soil (pH 4.5–5.0) having a Zn concentration of 128 mg/kg. The sample presents a differentiated fabric under the optical microscope with traces of localized manganiferous, ferriferous and argillaceous accumulations. The high chemical and textural heterogeneity of this soil offers an opportunity to identify new Zn species and to confirm the existence of others proposed from published least-squares fits of bulk averaged EXAFS spectra. As many as five to six Zn species were observed: sphalerite (ZnS), zincochromite (ZnCr2O4), Zn-containing phyllosilicate and lithiophorite, and Zn-sorbed ferrihydrite or Zn-phosphate, the results being less definitive for these two last species. Bulk EXAFS spectroscopy applied to the powdered soil indicated that Zn is predominantly associated with phyllosilicates, all other species amounting to < ∼10 to 20% of total zinc. The role of lithiophorite in the sequestration of zinc in soils had been inferred previously, but the firm identification of lithiophorite in this study serves as an excellent demonstration of the capabilities of combined micro-SXRF/XRD/EXAFS measurements. The micro-EXAFS spectrum collected in an area containing only phyllosilicates could not be simulated assuming a single Zn structural environment. Two distinct octahedrally-coordinated crystallographic sites (i.e., two EXAFS components) were considered: one site located within the phyllosilicate structure (isomorphic cationic substitution in the octahedral sheet) and another in the interlayer region in the form of a Zn-sorbed hydroxy-Al interlayered species. This second subspecies is less certain and further investigation of the individual EXAFS spectrum of this component is needed to precise its exact nature and the uptake mechanism of zinc in it. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - ZINC in soils
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - SILICATES
N1  - Accession Number: 13100742; Manceau, Alain 1; Email Address: alain.manceau@ujf-grenoble.fr Marcus, Matthew A. 2 Tamura, Nobumichi 2 Proux, Olivier 1,3 Geoffroy, Nicolas 1 Lanson, Bruno 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Geochemistry Group, Maison des Géosciences, Univ. J. Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: FAME-CRG, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 68 Issue 11, p2467; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: ZINC in soils; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: SILICATES; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13100742&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horn, Joanne M.
AU  - Masterson, Brett A.
AU  - Rivera, Angel
AU  - Miranda, Anabel
AU  - Davis, Michael A.
AU  - Marlin, Sue
T1  - Bacterial Growth Dynamics, Limiting Factors, and Community Diversity in a Proposed Geological Nuclear Waste Repository Environment.
JO  - Geomicrobiology Journal
JF  - Geomicrobiology Journal
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 286
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01490451
AB  - Microbiological growth parameters, including limiting factors, kinetics, and minimal cell densities were assessed for subsurface microbiological communities collected with rock from an area proposed for a nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis revealed that approximately 104-105 viable cells per gram of dry rock are extant, and water availability was shown to he the primary factor limiting microbial growth in situ. Phosphate and carbon limitation, however, also suppress final cell densities by at least one order of magnitude under saturated conditions. Despite these limiting factors, significant growth of aerobic chemoheterotrophic microorganisms was shown to occur in unconcentrated simulated groundwater with or without addition of a reduced carbon source (7 × 107 and 8 × 106 planktonic cells/mL, respectively), indicating that when water becomes available in the repository environment, microbial growth will ensue. Organisms that were isolated from stationary cultures grown from Yucca Mountain rock in concentrated and unconcentrated simulated groundwaters showed significant 16S rDNA sequence divergence from reference organisms. Different (but related) organisms were isolated from concentrated and unconcentrated groundwater-grown cultures. Generally, as experimental conditions approached those expected to he encountered in situ, the organisms isolated were more divergent from reference organisms. Organisms that were isolated have metabolic properties that could allow them to he active and grow within the repository environment if water availability is sufficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geomicrobiology Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIAL growth
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste repositories
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste sites
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - MICROBIAL growth
KW  - bacterial survival
KW  - microbiological biodiversity
KW  - microbiological growth kinetics
KW  - subsurface ecology
KW  - subsurface nutrients
KW  - vadose ecology
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 12930481; Horn, Joanne M. 1; Email Address: horn3@llnl.gov Masterson, Brett A. 1 Rivera, Angel 1 Miranda, Anabel 1 Davis, Michael A. 1 Marlin, Sue 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p273; Subject Term: BACTERIAL growth; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste repositories; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste sites; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: bacterial survival; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbiological biodiversity; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbiological growth kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: subsurface ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: subsurface nutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: vadose ecology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/01490450490438775
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lippmann, Marcelo J.
AU  - Truesdell, Alfred H.
AU  - Rodríguez, Marco H.
AU  - Pérez, Alfredo
T1  - Response of Cerro Prieto II and III (Mexico) to exploitation
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
SN  - 03756505
AB  - The Cerro Prieto field of northern Mexico is the largest water-dominated geothermal field under commercial production at the present time. In 2000 more than 115 million tons of fluids were extracted, but only about 20% was injected back into the reservoirs. This deficit has contributed to a drop in pressures resulting in localized boiling, influx of cooler groundwater and other reservoir processes. The influence of geologic features, especially faults, on these processes and on the response of different parts of the field to production is described. The study illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to gain an understanding of the behavior of geothermal systems under production. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - HYDRAULIC structures
KW  - Boiling
KW  - Cerro Prieto
KW  - Condensation
KW  - Injection
KW  - Mexico
KW  - Recharge
KW  - Reservoir
KW  - Water-dominated systems
N1  - Accession Number: 12962857; Lippmann, Marcelo J. 1; Email Address: mjlippmann@lbl.gov Truesdell, Alfred H. 1 Rodríguez, Marco H. 2 Pérez, Alfredo 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Residencia General de Cerro Prieto, Comisión Federal de Electricidad, Mexicali, BC, Mexico; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p229; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: RESERVOIRS; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cerro Prieto; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexico; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reservoir; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water-dominated systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kiryukhin, Alexey
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - Apps, John
AU  - Slovtsov, Igor
T1  - Thermal–hydrodynamic–chemical (THC) modeling based on geothermal field data
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Data on fluid chemistry and rock mineralogy are evaluated for a number of geothermal fields located in the volcanic arc of Japan and Kamchatka, Russia, Common chemical characteristics are identified and used to define scenarios for detailed numerical modeling of coupled thermal–hydrodynamic–chemical (THC) processes. The following scenarios of parental geothermal fluid upflow were studied: (1) single-phase conditions, 260 °C at the bottom (‘Ogiri’ type); (2) two-phase conditions, 300 °C at the bottom (‘Hatchobaru’ type); and (3) heat pipe conditions, 260 °C at the bottom (‘Matsukawa’ type). THC modeling for the single-phase upflow scenario shows wairakite, quartz, K-feld spar and chlorite formed as the principal secondary minerals in the production zone, and illite-smectite formed below 230 °C. THC modeling of the two-phase upflow shows that quartz, K-feldspar (microcline), wairakite and calcite precipitate in the model as principal secondary minerals in the production zone. THC modeling of heat pipe conditions shows no significant secondary deposition of minerals (quartz, K-feldspar, zeolites) in the production zone. The influence of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of chemical interaction, and of mass fluxes on mineral phase changes, was found to be significant, depending on the upflow regime. It was found that no parental geothermal fluid inflow is needed for zeolite precipitation, which occurs above 140 °C in saturated andesite, provided that the porosity is greater than 0.001. In contrast, quartz and K-feldspar precipitation may result in a significant porosity reduction over a hundred-year time scale under mass flux conditions, and complete fracture sealing will occur given sufficient time under either single-phase or two-phase upflow scenarios. A heat pipe scenario shows no significant porosity reduction due to lack of secondary mineral phase deposition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - GEOTHERMAL district heating
KW  - Geothermal fields
KW  - Japan
KW  - Kamchatka
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Russia
KW  - TOUGHREACT
N1  - Accession Number: 12962862; Kiryukhin, Alexey 1; Email Address: avk2@kcs.iks.ru Xu, Tianfu 2 Pruess, Karsten 2 Apps, John 2 Slovtsov, Igor 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Volcanologv Piip-9, Petropavlovsk-Karnchatsky, 683006, Russia  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS590-1116, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p349; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL district heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geothermal fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Japan; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kamchatka; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Russia; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOUGHREACT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, John S.
AU  - Hanson, Paul J.
AU  - Bernhardt, Emily
AU  - Deangelis, Paolo
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Pregitzer, Kurt S.
T1  - A multiyear synthesis of soil respiration responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 from four forest FACE experiments.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1027
EP  - 1042
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - The rapidly rising concentration of atmospheric CO2 has the potential to alter forest and global carbon cycles by altering important processes that occur in soil. Forest soils contain the largest and longest lived carbon pools in terrestrial ecosystems and are therefore extremely important to the land–atmosphere exchange of carbon and future climate. Soil respiration is a sensitive integrator of many soil processes that control carbon storage in soil, and is therefore a good metric of changes to soil carbon cycling. Here, we summarize soil respiration data from four forest free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) experiments in developing and established forests that have been exposed to elevated atmospheric [CO2] (168 μL L−1 average enrichment) for 2–6 years. The sites have similar experimental design and use similar methodology (closed-path infrared gas analyzers) to measure soil respiration, but differ in species composition of the respective forest communities. We found that elevated atmospheric [CO2] stimulated soil respiration at all sites, and this response persisted for up to 6 years. Young developing stands experienced greater stimulation than did more established stands, increasing 39% and 16%, respectively, averaged over all years and communities. Further, at sites that had more than one community, we found that species composition of the dominant trees was a major controller of the absolute soil CO2 efflux and the degree of stimulation from CO2 enrichment. Interestingly, we found that the temperature sensitivity of bulk soil respiration appeared to be unaffected by elevated atmospheric CO2. These findings suggest that stage of stand development and species composition should be explicitly accounted for when extrapolating results from elevated CO2 experiments or modeling forest and global carbon cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - SOILS & climate
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - FOREST soils
KW  - Betula
KW  - global change
KW  - liquidambar
N1  - Accession Number: 13229515; King, John S. 1; Email Address: jsking@mtu.edu Hanson, Paul J. 2 Bernhardt, Emily 3 Deangelis, Paolo 4 Norby, Richard J. 2 Pregitzer, Kurt S. 1,5; Affiliation:  1: School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, MI 49931, USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA  4: Department of Forest Environment and Resources, University of Tuscia, via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy  5: North Central Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 10 Issue 6, p1027; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: SOILS & climate; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: FOREST soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: Betula; Author-Supplied Keyword: global change; Author-Supplied Keyword: liquidambar; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00789.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13229515&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gilmore, Tyler J.
AU  - Mitroshkov, Alexandre V.
AU  - Dresel, P. Even
AU  - Sklarew, Deborah S.
T1  - Laboratory Investigation into the Contribution of Contaminants to Ground Water from Equipment Materials Used in Sampling.
JO  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
JF  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
EP  - 94
SN  - 10693629
AB  - Benzene contamination was detected in well water samples from the Ogallala Aquifer beneath and adjacent to the Department of Energy's Pantex Plant near Amarillo, Texas. This study assessed whether or not the materials used in multilevel sampling equipment at this site could have contributed to the contaminants found in well water samples. As part of this investigation, laboratory testing of the sample equipment material was conducted.  Results from the laboratory tests indicated three different materials from two types of multilevel samplers did, in fact, contribute volatile and semivolatile organic compounds to the ground water samples from static leach tests that were conducted during an eight week period. The nylon-11 tubing contributed trace concentrations of benzene (1.37 µg/L) and relatively high concentrations of the plasticizer N-butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBSA) (764 mg/L) to the water; a urethane-coated nylon well liner contributed relatively high concentrations of toluene (278 µg/L) and trace amounts of NBSA; and a sampling port spacer material made of nylon/polypropylene/polyester-composite contributed trace amounts of toluene and NBSA.  While the concentrations of benzene and toluene measured in the laboratory tests were below the concentrations measured in actual ground water samples, the concentrations of organics from these equipment materials were sufficient to render the results reported for the ground water samples suspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Contamination of drinking water
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Polyamides
N1  - Accession Number: 14381647; Gilmore, Tyler J. 1; Email Address: tyler.gilmore@pnl.gov; Mitroshkov, Alexandre V. 2; Email Address: alex.mitroshkov@pnl.gov; Dresel, P. Even 3; Email Address: evan.dresel@pnl.gov; Sklarew, Deborah S. 3; Email Address: debbie.sklarew@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Senior research scientist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (P.O. Box 999, MS K6-81, Richland, WA 99352; 2: Science and engineer associate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (P.O. Box 999, MS K6-96, Richland, WA 99352; 3: Senior research scientist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (P.O. Box 999, MS K6-96, Richland, WA 99352; Issue Info: Summer2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p88; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Contamination of drinking water; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Benzene; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Subject Term: Polyamides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turin, H. Jake
AU  - Jones, Catherine L.
AU  - Groffman, Armand R.
AU  - Dunn, Sandra Dalvit
AU  - Lowry, William E.
AU  - Soll, Wendy E.
T1  - Collection of Unsaturated-Zone Water Samples for Tracer Analysis: Evaluation of an Inverting Membrane Technique.
JO  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
JF  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 101
SN  - 10693629
AB  - As part of the site characterization efforts at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a series of unsaturated zone tracer tests has been performed at nearby Busted Butte. The phase 2 tracer test was conducted within an instrumented 10 m by 10 m by 7 m in situ block of vitric tuff. A complex tracer solution containing both reactive and nonreactive tracers was pumped into the block during a period of 27 months. Throughout the test, thousands of unsaturated zone pore water samples were collected on sorptive pads attached to inverting membranes and then analyzed for tracer concentration. Partway through the experiment, three new boreholes were drilled into the block, and two intercepted the tracer plume. The rock core was removed for pore water extraction and analysis, and the boreholes were then instrumented with inverting membranes and sorptive pads. The initial set of pore water-soaked pads was removed from the boreholes a week after they were emplaced, and the pore water was extracted and analyzed. This paper compares the tracer concentration data from the rock cores and the pads to evaluate the effectiveness of the inverting membrane collection technique for a variety of tracers. While the sorptive pads sample only dissolved tracers, rock cores contain both dissolved and sorbed tracer. For nonreactive tracers, such as halides (bromide and iodide) and fluorinated benzoic acids (FBAs), this distinction is immaterial, and the rock and pad data agree quantitatively for the halide tracers, and qualitatively for the FBAs. For reactive tracers, such as lithium, the dissolved tracer concentrations can be estimated from rock analyses by dividing by the tracer's retardation factor; when this correction is applied, the rock and pad lithium data are also in reasonable agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater tracers
KW  - Radioactive tracers in hydrogeology
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Hydrogeology -- Methodology
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14381648; Turin, H. Jake 1; Email Address: turin@lanl.gov; Jones, Catherine L. 2,3,4; Groffman, Armand R. 1; Dunn, Sandra Dalvit 5,6; Lowry, William E. 7,8; Soll, Wendy E. 1,9; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545; 2: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory; 4: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory; 5: Senior engineer and project manager, Science and Engineering Associates Inc.; 6: Yucca Mountain Project; 7: Senior vice president of Science & Engineering Associates (SEA) Inc.; 8: SEA Technical Services Group; 9: Principal investigator, Yucca Mountain; Issue Info: Summer2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p95; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater tracers; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive tracers in hydrogeology; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Thesaurus Term: Lithium; Subject Term: Hydrogeology -- Methodology; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pfiffner, Susan M.
AU  - Palumbo, Anthony V.
AU  - Sayles, Gregory D.
AU  - Gannon, David
T1  - Microbial Population and Degradation Activity Changes Monitored During a Chlorinated Solvent Biovent Demonstration.
JO  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
JF  - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
EP  - 110
SN  - 10693629
AB  - Microbial populations and degradation activity increased significantly during a chlorinated solvent bioventing bioremediation effort using propane at Dover Air Force Base in Delaware. The propane injection resulted in degradation of a mixture of chlorinated solvents, including trichloroethylene (TCE), cis-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA). In only 20 d, the propane injection resulted in decreases of TCE and c-DCE of > 98%, and a decrease in TCA in soil gas by ∼70%. The degradation of the TCA may not have occurred with a methane, butane, toluene, or phenol injection. These decreases in chlorinated solvent concentrations were accompanied by large increases in propane-utilizing bacteria that ranged from below detection levels prior to the injection to ∼1% of the ending total aerobic heterotrophic population by the end of the propane injection. Thus, a proportional increase occurred as heterotrophic counts increased a hundredfold. Microbial TCE degradation activity, as measured in microcosms, also increased with the propane injection. The highest rates of degradation were observed in microcosms with propane and nutrients, indicating the potential for higher field rates of degradation with nutrient additions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil bioventing
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - POPULATION biology
KW  - Soil air
KW  - Soil aeration
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Propane
N1  - Accession Number: 14381649; Pfiffner, Susan M. 1,2,3,4,5; Email Address: pfiffner@utk.edu; Palumbo, Anthony V. 6,7,8; Sayles, Gregory D. 9,10; Gannon, David 11; Affiliations: 1: Research assistant professor, Microbiology Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville; 2: Member, American Society for Microbiology, American Geophysical Union; 3: Member, Association for Women in Science; 4: Member, Science Advisory Committee for the Integrated Petroleum Environmental Consortium; 5: University of Tennessee, 10515 Research Dr., Ste. 300, Knoxville, TN 37932-2575; 6: Distinguished scientist and group leader, Environmental Sciences Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 7: Fellow, American Academy for Microbiology; 8: Member, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography; 9: Research chemical engineer, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Laboratory (NRMRL), Cincinnati, Ohio; 10: Member, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, the American Chemical Society, and Sigma Xi; 11: Head, Astra Zeneca's Sheridan Park Environmental Laboratory, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada; Issue Info: Summer2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p102; Thesaurus Term: Soil bioventing; Thesaurus Term: Bioremediation; Thesaurus Term: POPULATION biology; Thesaurus Term: Soil air; Thesaurus Term: Soil aeration; Subject Term: Microorganisms; Subject Term: Propane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115112 Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olsher, Richard H.
AU  - Seagraves, David T.
AU  - Eisele, Shawna L.
AU  - Bjork, Christopher W.
AU  - Martinez, William A.
AU  - Romero, Leonard L.
AU  - Mallett, Michael W.
AU  - Duran, Michael A.
AU  - Hurlbut, Charles R.
T1  - PRESCILA: A NEW, LIGHTWEIGHT NEUTRON REM METER.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 86
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 603
EP  - 612
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Conventional neutron rem meters currently in use are based on 1960's technology that relies on a large neutron moderator assembly surrounding a thermal detector to achieve a rem-like response function over a limited energy range. Such rem meters present an ergonomic challenge, being heavy and bulky, and have caused injuries during radiation protection surveys. Another defect of traditional rem meters is a poor high-energy response above 10 MeV, which makes them unsuitable for applications at high-energy accelerator facilities. Proton Recoil Scintillator-Los Alamos (PRESCILA) was developed as a low-weight (2 kg) alternative capable of extended energy response, high sensitivity, and moderate gamma rejection. An array of ZnS(Ag) based scintillators is located inside and around a Lucite light guide, which couples the scintillation light to a sideview bialkali photomultiplier tube. The use of both fast and thermal scintillators allows the energy response function to be optimized for a wide range of operational spectra. The light guide and the borated polyethylene frame provide moderation for the thermal scintillator element. The scintillators represent greatly improved versions of the Hornyak and Stedman designs from the 1950's, and were developed in collaboration with Eljen Technology. The inherent pulse height advantage of proton recoils over electron tracks in the phosphor grains eliminates the need for pulse shape discrimination and makes it possible to use the PRESCILA probe with standard pulse height discrimination provided by off-the-shelf health physics counters. PRESCILA prototype probes have been extensively tested at both Los Alamos and the German Bureau of Standards, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. Test results are presented for energy response, directional dependence, linearity, sensitivity, and gamma rejection. Initial field tests have been conducted at Los Alamos and these results are also given. It is concluded that PRESCILA offers a viable, ergonomically superior, alternative to traditional rem meters that is effective for a wide range of neutron fields. The probe is capable of excellent sensitivity (40 counts per minute per μSv h-1 for 241AmBe) and extended energy response to beyond 20 MeV. Directional response is uniform (±15%) over a wide range of energies. Response linearity has been characterized to over 20 mSv h-1. Gamma rejection is effective in gamma fields up to 2 mSv h1. The PRESCILA technology has been commercialized and is now offered under license by Ludlum Measurements, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Physics instruments
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - Scientific apparatus & instruments
KW  - Medical physics
KW  - detector, radiation
KW  - instruments
KW  - monitors, radiation
KW  - neutrons
N1  - Accession Number: 13352056; Olsher, Richard H. 1; Email Address: dick@lanl.gov; Seagraves, David T. 1; Eisele, Shawna L. 1; Bjork, Christopher W. 1; Martinez, William A. 1; Romero, Leonard L. 1; Mallett, Michael W. 1; Duran, Michael A. 2; Hurlbut, Charles R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Health Physics Measurements Group, Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos; 2: Radiation Protection Group, Mail Stop H815, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM; 3: Eljen Technology, P.O. Box 870, Sweetwater, TX 79556; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 86 Issue 6, p603; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Physics instruments; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Scintillators; Subject Term: Scientific apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: Medical physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: detector, radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: monitors, radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bensasson, D.
AU  - Boore, J. L.
AU  - Nielsen, K. M.
T1  - Genes without frontiers?
JO  - Heredity
JF  - Heredity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 92
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
EP  - 489
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 0018067X
AB  - For bacteria, the primary genetic barrier against the genetic exchange of DNA that is not self-transmissible is dissimilarity in the bacterial DNA sequences concerned. Genetic exchange by homologous recombination is frequent among close bacterial relatives and recent experiments have shown that it can enable the uptake of closely linked nonhomologous foreign DNA. Artificial vectors are mosaics of mobile DNA elements from free-living bacterial isolates and so bear a residual similarity to their ubiquitous natural progenitors. This homology is tightly linked to the multitude of different DNA sequences that are inserted into synthetic vectors. Can homology between vector and bacterial DNA enable the uptake of these foreign DNA inserts? In this review we investigate pUC18 as an example of an artificial vector and consider whether its homology to broad host-range antibiotic resistance transposons and plasmid origins of replication could enable the uptake of insert DNA in the light of studies of homology-facilitated foreign DNA uptake. We also discuss the disposal of recombinant DNA, its persistence in the environment and whether homologies to pUC18 may exist in naturally competent bacteria. Most DNA that is inserted into the cloning site of artificial vectors would be of little use to a bacterium, but perhaps not all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Heredity is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - MOBILE genetic elements
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - GENETIC recombination
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - MICROBIAL genetics
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - biosafety
KW  - natural transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 13208993; Bensasson, D. 1; Email Address: d.bensasson@imperial.ac.uk Boore, J. L. 1 Nielsen, K. M. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Evolutionary Genomics Department, DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA, USA  2: Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromso, N9037 Tromso, Norway  3: The Norwegian Institute ofr Gene Ecology, Tromso, Norway; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 92 Issue 6, p483; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: MOBILE genetic elements; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Subject Term: GENETIC recombination; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: MICROBIAL genetics; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: biosafety; Author-Supplied Keyword: natural transformation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800451
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Ding, Y.
AU  - Jacobsen, S.D.
AU  - Mao, H.K.
AU  - Hemley, R.J.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Qian, J.
AU  - Pantea, C.
AU  - Vogel, S.C.
AU  - Williams, D.J.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
T1  - Powder neutron diffraction of wüstite (Fe 0.93 O) to 12 GPa using large moissanite anvils.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 253
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - High-pressure powder neutron diffraction of wüstite-Fe 0.93 O has been achieved to 12 GPa using a large gem-moissanite (SiC) anvil cell. The moissanite anvils are weakly absorbing and provide greater neutron fluxes to the sample than is possible with tungsten carbide anvils. There is minimal diffraction overlap from the single-crystal moissanite anvils compared to tungsten carbide or synthetic diamond anvils, providing cleaner background profiles. The required sample volume for high-pressure neutron diffraction is dramatically reduced to several cubic millimeters. High-quality powder diffraction patterns of wüstite were recorded at 90 min exposure times on the HIPPO diffractometer at LANSCE when the sample volume was in the range of ∼10 mm 3 . This is about two orders of magnitude smaller than the necessary sample volume (∼1.0 cm 3 ) for the same kind of experiment with other high-pressure cells and nominal neutron fluxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWDERS
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - MOISSANITE
KW  - HIGH pressure chemistry
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science) -- Research
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Moissanite anvil cell
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Wüstite
KW  - Wüstite
N1  - Accession Number: 13711899; Xu, J. 1; Email Address: j.xu@gl.ciw.edu Ding, Y. 1,2 Jacobsen, S.D. 1 Mao, H.K. 1 Hemley, R.J. 1 Zhang, J. 3 Qian, J. 3 Pantea, C. 3 Vogel, S.C. 3 Williams, D.J. 3 Zhao, Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Geophysical Research Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, USA  2: HPCAT, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  3: LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p247; Subject Term: POWDERS; Subject Term: BULK solids; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: MOISSANITE; Subject Term: HIGH pressure chemistry; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science) -- Research; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moissanite anvil cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wüstite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wüstite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mescheryakov, Yu. I.
AU  - Petrov, Yu. A.
AU  - Zhigacheva, N.I.
AU  - Divakov, A.K.
AU  - Cline, C.F.
T1  - Comparative analysis of uniaxial strain shock tests and Taylor tests for maraging steels.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 286
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - High-strength constructional 38XH3MΦA steel and three kinds of maraging steel were tested to determine the yield stress under dynamic loading. The 38XH3MΦA steel was used as central test material to work out the experimental technique and compare the results obtained in different test methods. Results obtained in the plane shock tests under uniaxial strain condition show roughly the same yield stress values as those obtained in Taylor tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - MARAGING steel
KW  - NICKEL steel
KW  - STEEL alloys
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science) -- Research
KW  - Plane shock tests
KW  - Taylor tests
KW  - Yield stress
N1  - Accession Number: 13711904; Mescheryakov, Yu. I. 1; Email Address: ymesch@impact.ipme.ru Petrov, Yu. A. 1 Zhigacheva, N.I. 1 Divakov, A.K. 1 Cline, C.F. 2; Email Address: carlclinel@cs.com; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Problems of Mechanical Engineering RAS, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p263; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: MARAGING steel; Subject Term: NICKEL steel; Subject Term: STEEL alloys; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science) -- Research; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plane shock tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Taylor tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield stress; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - T.E.  Schmid
AU  - M.H.  Brinkworth
AU  - F.  Hill
AU  - E.  Sloter
AU  - A.  Kamischke
AU  - F.  Marchetti
AU  - E.  Nieschlag
AU  - A.J.  Wyrobek
T1  - Detection of structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities by ACM‐FISH analysis in sperm of oligozoospermic infertility patients.
JO  - Human Reproduction
JF  - Human Reproduction
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 19
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1395
EP  - 1400
SN  - 02681161
AB  - BACKGROUND: Modern reproductive technologies are enabling the treatment of infertile men with severe disturbances of spermatogenesis. The possibility of elevated frequencies of genetically and chromosomally defective sperm has become an issue of concern with the increased usage of ICSI, which can enable men with severely impaired sperm production to father children. Several papers have been published reporting aneuploidy in oligozoospermic patients, but relatively little is known about chromosome structural aberrations in the sperm of these patients. METHODS: We examined sperm from infertile, oligozoospermic individuals for structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities using a multicolour ACM fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay that utilizes DNA probes specific for three regions of chromosome 1 to detect human sperm that carry numerical chromosomal abnormalities plus two categories of structural aberrations: duplications and deletions of 1pter and 1cen, and chromosomal breaks within the 1cen–1q12 region. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the average frequencies of sperm with duplications and deletions in the infertility patients compared with the healthy concurrent controls. There was also a significantly elevated level of breaks within the 1cen–1q12 region. There was no evidence for an increase in chromosome 1 disomy, or in diploidy. CONCLUSIONS: Our data reveal that oligozoospermia is associated with chromosomal structural abnormalities, suggesting that oligozoospermic men carry a higher burden of transmissible, chromosome damage. The findings raise the possibility of elevated levels of transmissible chromosomal defects following ICSI treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human Reproduction is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPERMATOZOA
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - HUMAN fertility
N1  - Accession Number: 19811551; T.E.  Schmid 1,2 M.H.  Brinkworth 1,3 F.  Hill 2 E.  Sloter 2 A.  Kamischke 4 F.  Marchetti 2 E.  Nieschlag 4 A.J.  Wyrobek 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, UK  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA and  3: To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: m.h.brinkworth@bradford.ac.uk  4: Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University, Münster, Germany; Source Info: June,2004, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p1395; Subject Term: SPERMATOZOA; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: HUMAN fertility; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mellon, Michael T.
AU  - Feldman, William C.
AU  - Prettyman, Thomas H.
T1  - The presence and stability of ground ice in the southern hemisphere of Mars
JO  - ICARUS
JF  - ICARUS
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 169
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 324
EP  - 340
SN  - 00191035
AB  - We calculate new estimates of ground-ice stability and the depth distribution of the ice table (the depth boundary between ice-free soil above and ice-cemented soil below) and compare these theoretical estimates of the distribution of ground ice with the observed distribution of leakage neutrons measured by the Neutron Spectrometer instrument of the Mars Odyssey spacecraft''s Gamma Ray Spectrometer instrument suite. Our calculated ground-ice distribution contains improvements over previous work in that we include the effects of the high thermal conductivity of ice-cemented soil at and below the ice table, we include the surface elevation dependence of the near-surface atmospheric humidity, and we utilize new high resolution maps of thermal inertia, albedo, and elevation from Mars Global Surveyor observations. Results indicate that ground ice should be about 5 times shallower than in previous predictions. While results are dependent on the atmospheric humidity, depths are generally between a few millimeters and a few meters with typical values of a few centimeters. Results are also geographically similar to previous predictions with differences due to the higher resolution of thermal inertia and the inclusion of elevation effects on humidity. Comparison with the measured epithermal-neutron count rates in the southern hemisphere indicate that the geographic distribution of the count rate is best correlated with ground ice in equilibrium with 10 to 20 pr μm (precipitable micrometers) column abundance of atmospheric water, assuming a uniform distribution with CO2; however, given the uncertainties, 5 to 30 pr μm also may be viable. This water abundance represents a longer-term average over 100 to 1000 yr. There is a high degree of correlation between the depth of the ice table and the epithermal count rate that agrees remarkably well with predicted count rates as a function of ice-table depth. These results indicate that ground ice in the upper meter of the martian soil is in diffusive equilibrium with the atmosphere. Since ground ice in this depth zone is expected to undergo saturation/desiccation cycles with orbital variations, this ice should be younger than about 500 kyr and was emplaced under similar cold and dry climate conditions of today. Remaining differences between the predicted depths of the ice table and those inferred from the neutron data are likely to be due to subpixel heterogeneity in the martian surface including the presence of rocks, slopes, and patches of soil with varying thermophysical properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICARUS is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SOUTHERN sky (Astronomy)
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - SOUTHERN Hemisphere
KW  - Ice
KW  - Mars
KW  - planets (Surfaces)
KW  - Regolith
N1  - Accession Number: 13060517; Mellon, Michael T. 1; Email Address: mellon@argyre.colorado.edu Feldman, William C. 2 Prettyman, Thomas H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 169 Issue 2, p324; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SOUTHERN sky (Astronomy); Subject Term: MARS (Planet); Subject Term: SOUTHERN Hemisphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mars; Author-Supplied Keyword: planets (Surfaces); Author-Supplied Keyword: Regolith; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.icarus.2003.10.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibbard, S.G.
AU  - Macintosh, B.
AU  - Gavel, D.
AU  - Max, C.E.
AU  - de Pater, I.
AU  - Roe, H.G.
AU  - Ghez, A.M.
AU  - Young, E.F.
AU  - McKay, C.P.
T1  - Speckle imaging of Titan at 2 microns: surface albedo, haze optical depth, and tropospheric clouds 1996–1998
JO  - ICARUS
JF  - ICARUS
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 169
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
EP  - 439
SN  - 00191035
AB  - We present results from 14 nights of observations of Titan in 1996–1998 using near-infrared (centered at 2.1 microns) speckle imaging at the 10-meter W.M. Keck Telescope. The observations have a spatial resolution of 0.06 arcseconds. We detect bright clouds on three days in October 1998, with a brightness about <f>0.5%</f> of the brightness of Titan. Using a 16-stream radiative transfer model (DISORT) to model the central equatorial longitude of each image, we construct a suite of surface albedo models parameterized by the optical depth of Titan''s hydrocarbon haze layer. From this we conclude that Titan''s equatorial surface albedo has plausible values in the range of 0–0.20. Titan''s minimum haze optical depth cannot be constrained from this modeling, but an upper limit of 0.3 at this wavelength range is found. More accurate determination of Titan''s surface albedo and haze optical depth, especially at higher latitudes, will require a model that fully considers the 3-dimensional nature of Titan''s atmosphere. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ICARUS is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITAN (Satellite)
KW  - TROPOSPHERIC thermodynamics
KW  - NATURAL satellites
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - Infrared observations
KW  - satellite (Surfaces)
KW  - Titan
N1  - Accession Number: 13060527; Gibbard, S.G. 1; Email Address: sgibbard@igpp.ucllnl.org Macintosh, B. 1 Gavel, D. 1,2 Max, C.E. 1,2 de Pater, I. 3 Roe, H.G. 3,4 Ghez, A.M. 5 Young, E.F. 6 McKay, C.P. 7; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Center for Adaptive Optics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  3: Department of Astronomy, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  6: Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA  7: NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA 94035, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 169 Issue 2, p429; Subject Term: TITAN (Satellite); Subject Term: TROPOSPHERIC thermodynamics; Subject Term: NATURAL satellites; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: satellite (Surfaces); Author-Supplied Keyword: Titan; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.icarus.2003.12.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heebner, John E.
AU  - Wong, Vincent
AU  - Schweinsberg, Aaron
AU  - Boyd, Robert W.
AU  - Jackson, Deborah J.
T1  - Optical Transmission Characteristics of Fiber Ring Resonators.
JO  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
JF  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 40
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 726
EP  - 730
SN  - 00189197
AB  - We present the results of an experimental investigation of the transfer characteristics of a fiber ring resonator for various values of the resonator finesse. In particular, we measure the spectral dependence of the intensity transmission and the induced phase shift in the undercoupled, critically coupled, and over- coupled regimes. We also demonstrate tunable optical (true time) group delay via a fiber ring resonator and show that a high finesse is unnecessary. Our laboratory results are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONATORS
KW  - SOUND -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13713657; Heebner, John E. 1 Wong, Vincent 2 Schweinsberg, Aaron 2 Boyd, Robert W. 2 Jackson, Deborah J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-464, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.  2: Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.  3: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 40 Issue 6, p726; Subject Term: RESONATORS; Subject Term: SOUND -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JQE.2004.828232
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bossert, R.
AU  - Carson, J.
AU  - Chichili, D. R.
AU  - Feher, S.
AU  - Kerby, J.
AU  - Lamm, M. J.
AU  - Nobrega, A.
AU  - Nicol, T.
AU  - Ogitsu, T.
AU  - Orris, D.
AU  - Page, T.
AU  - Peterson, T.
AU  - Rabehl, R.
AU  - Robotham, W.
AU  - Scanlan, R.
AU  - Schlabach, P.
AU  - Sylvester, C.
AU  - Strait, J.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Tompkins, J. C.
T1  - Test Results From the LQXB Quadrupole Production Program at Fermilab for the LHC Interaction Regions.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 190
SN  - 10518223
AB  - As part of the US-LHC Accelerator Project, Fermilab is producing fully cryostated assemblies that will be installed as the Q1, Q2 and Q3 optical elements for the LHC Inner Triplets. The main quadrupole magnets in the Q1 (LQXA) and Q3 (LQXC) assemblies are MQXA elements designed and fabricated by KEK and Toshiba, while those in the Q2 (LQXB) assemblies are MQXB quadrupoles designed and fabricated by Fermilab. The cryostat assemblies for all magnets are designed by Fermilab, and final assembly of the optical elements occurs at Fermilab. This paper describes the production test results for the second LQXB cryostat assembly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - ASSEMBLY line methods
KW  - Interaction region
KW  - LHC
KW  - low-β quadrupole
KW  - Superconducting magnet.
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 16274456; Bossert, R. 1 Carson, J. 1 Chichili, D. R. 1 Feher, S. 1 Kerby, J. 1 Lamm, M. J. 1 Nobrega, A. 1 Nicol, T. 1 Ogitsu, T. 2 Orris, D. 1 Page, T. 1 Peterson, T. 1 Rabehl, R. 1 Robotham, W. 1 Scanlan, R. 3 Schlabach, P. 1 Sylvester, C. 1 Strait, J. 1 Tartaglia, M. 1 Tompkins, J. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: FNAL Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510.  2: KEK High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.  3: LBNL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 9472.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p187; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: ASSEMBLY line methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interaction region; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: low-β quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnet.; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274456&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caspi, S.
AU  - Bartlett, S. E.
AU  - Dietderich, D. R.
AU  - Ferracin, P.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
AU  - Hafalia, R. R.
AU  - Hannaford, C. R.
AU  - Lietzke, A. F.
AU  - Mclnturff, A. D.
AU  - Sabbi, G.
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
T1  - Mechanical Design of a Second Generation LHC IR Quadrupole.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 238
SN  - 10518223
AB  - One of the proposed. options to Increase the LHC luminosity is the replacement of the existing inner triplets at the Interaction Regions with new low-beta target aperture quadrupoles operating ad the same gradient Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory (LBNL) is carrying out preliminary studies of a large-bore Nb3Sn quadrupole. The mechanical design presents a support structure based on the use of keys and bladders without self-supporting collars. This technology has been proven effective in several successful common coil Nb3Sn dipoles built at LBNL, and it is for the fit time applied to a cos(2&thetav;) design. In this paper we present a de$al4ed analysis of the quadrupole mechanical behavior, demonstrating the possibility of delivering, through this method, well-controlled coil pre-compression during assembly, cool-down and excitation. The study has been performed with the finite element program ANSYS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - Large hadron collider
KW  - Nb3 Sn
KW  - quadrupole
KW  - superconducting magnets.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274468; Caspi, S. 1; Email Address: s_caspi@lbl.gov Bartlett, S. E. 1 Dietderich, D. R. 1 Ferracin, P. 1 Gourlay, S. A. 1 Hafalia, R. R. 1 Hannaford, C. R. 1 Lietzke, A. F. 1 Mclnturff, A. D. 1 Sabbi, G. 1 Scanlan, R. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p235; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large hadron collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3 Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnets.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829057
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274468&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nicol, Thomas H.
AU  - Dimarco, Joseph E.
AU  - Kerby, James S.
AU  - Page, Thomas M.
AU  - Petersor, Thomas J.
AU  - Rabehl, Roger J.
T1  - LHC Interaction Region Quadrupole Cryostat Production, Alignment, and Performance Summary.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 251
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The cryostat of a Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Interaction Region (IR) quadrupole magnet consists of all components of the inner triplet except the magnet assembly Itself. It serves to support the magnet accurately and reliably within the vacuum vessel, to provide all required cryogenic piping, and to insulate the cold mass from heat radiated and conducted from the environment. The major components of the cryostat are the vacuum vessel, thermal shield multi-layer Insulation system,. cryogenic piping, interconnections, and suspension system. While responsibility for the design and manufacture of the main quadrupole elements is divided between Fermilab and KEK, Fermilab alone Is responsible for the design and final assembly of the cryostat for the LHC inner triplets. This paper describes the experience gained during fabrication of the first complete Q2 magnets, the alignment operation and results and the cryogenic performance of the magnet on the test stand at Fermilab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - SUPERCOLLIDERS
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - Cryostat
KW  - interaction region quadrupole
KW  - LHC
KW  - superconducting magnet.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274471; Nicol, Thomas H. 1; Email Address: tnicol@fnal.gov Dimarco, Joseph E. 2 Kerby, James S. 2 Page, Thomas M. 2 Petersor, Thomas J. 2 Rabehl, Roger J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 5 USA.  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p247; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: SUPERCOLLIDERS; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryostat; Author-Supplied Keyword: interaction region quadrupole; Author-Supplied Keyword: LHC; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnet.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829062
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274471&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Anerella, M.
AU  - Harrison, M.
AU  - Schmalzle, I.
AU  - Mokhov, N.
T1  - Open Midplane Dipole Design for LHC IR Upgrade.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 263
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The proposed luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Colider (LHC), now under construction, will bring a large increase in the number of secondary particles from p-p collisions at the interaction point (IP). Energy deposition will be so large that the lifetime and quench performance of Interaction region (IR) magnets may be significantly reduced if conventional designs are used. Moreover, the cryogenic capacity of the LHC will have to be significantly Increased as the energy deposition load on the infraction region (IR) magnets by Itself will exhaust the present capacity. We propose an alternate open midplane dipole design concept for the dipole-first optics that mitigates these issues. The proposed design takes advantage of the fact that most of the energy is deposited in the midplane region. The coil midplane region is kept free of superconductor, support structure and other material. Initial energy deposition calculations show that the increase in temperature remains within the quench tolerance of the superconducting coils. In addition, most of the energy is deposited in a relatively warm region where the heat removal is economical. We present the basic concept and preliminary design that includes several innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Accelerators
KW  - interaction region and large hadron collider
KW  - quadrupoles.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274474; Gupta, R. 1; Email Address: gupta@bnl.gov Anerella, M. 1 Harrison, M. 1 Schmalzle, I. 1 Mokhov, N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p259; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: interaction region and large hadron collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: quadrupoles.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274474&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ageyev, A. I.
AU  - Andreev, N. I.
AU  - Bogdanov, I. V.
AU  - Kozub, S. S.
AU  - Myznikov, K. P.
AU  - Olyumn, A. A.
AU  - Orlov, A. P.
AU  - Shcherbakov, P. A.
AU  - Sytrnk, V. V.
AU  - Tkachenko, L. M.
AU  - A. V. Ziobin
T1  - Performance of UNK Superconducting Dipoles With Natural Oxide Coating of Strands.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 266
SN  - 10518223
AB  - This paper describes the properties of SC cable with natural oxide on the strands developed for the UNK SC magnets and summarizes the performance of short and long magnets made of such cable. The coating was selected based on the studies of cable samples with various strand coating. Ten 1-m long dipoles and two 6-m long dipoles were manufacturing using the cable with natural oxide coating of strands. These dipoles had low value of AC losses in the coil and reached the maximum magnetic field of 6.5 T in magnet aperture at the current ramp rates up to 0.8 T/s and 4.25 K temperature The effects of interlayer splices and able electrical insulation on the magnet ramp rate dependence are also reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 16274475; Ageyev, A. I. 1; Email Address: ageyev@mx.ihep.su Andreev, N. I. 2; Email Address: bogdinov@mx.ihep.su Bogdanov, I. V. 1; Email Address: kozub@mx.ihep.su Kozub, S. S. 1; Email Address: myznikov@mx.ihepsu Myznikov, K. P. 1; Email Address: Olynin@mx.ihep.su Olyumn, A. A. 1; Email Address: orlov@sirius.ihep.su Orlov, A. P. 1; Email Address: shcherbakov@mx.ihep.su Shcherbakov, P. A. 1; Email Address: v_sytnik@mx.ihep.su Sytrnk, V. V. 1; Email Address: tkachenko@mx.ihep.su Tkachenko, L. M. 1; Email Address: andreev@fnal.gov A. V. Ziobin 2; Email Address: zlobin@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia.  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p263; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829067
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274475&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kashikhin, V. S.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Dimarco, J.
AU  - Feher, S.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. V.
AU  - Larnm, M.
AU  - Novitski, I.
AU  - Orris, D.
AU  - Schlabach, P.
AU  - Sylvester, C.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Velev, G.
AU  - Ziobin, A. V.
T1  - Field Quality Measurements of Fermilab Nb3Sn Common Coil Dipole Model.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 290
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A short model of single-layer Nb3 Sn common coil dipole magnet has been fabricated and tested at Fermilab. The paper summarizes results of magnetic measurements in the common coil model. The geometrical harmonics, coil magnetization and iron saturation effects, ramp-rate dependence, field decay and the "snap-back" effect at injection are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETIC measurements
KW  - Eddy currents
KW  - magnetic field measurements
KW  - magnetization
KW  - superconducting accelerator magnet.
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 16274481; Kashikhin, V. S. 1; Email Address: kash@fnal.gov Andreev, N. 1 Dimarco, J. 1 Feher, S. 1 Kashikhin, V. V. 1 Larnm, M. 1 Novitski, I. 1 Orris, D. 1 Schlabach, P. 1 Sylvester, C. 1 Tartaglia, M. 1 Velev, G. 1 Ziobin, A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p287; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic field measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting accelerator magnet.; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829087
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274481&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamada, R.
AU  - Marscin, E.
AU  - Lee, A.
AU  - Wake, M.
T1  - 3D ANSYS Quench Simulation of Cosine Theta Nb3Sn High Field Dipole Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 294
SN  - 10518223
AB  - To study detailed quench behavior of cosine theta Nb3Sn high field dipole magnets a three-dimensional simulation program is made using ANSYS finite element analysis program. The simulation program reproduces the detailed end structure, as well as the straight section, based from a CAD file of I-DEAS. It can calculate the thermal and its resulting mechanical stress distribution inside the coil after a quench. Its detailed method is explained. With the present program, quench propagation along the cable length and also azimuthal quench propagation is shown. An- imation programs based on this quench program are shown very effective for the detailed quench analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - COMPUTER-aided design
KW  - 3D animation
KW  - 3D ANSYS quench simulation.
KW  - Superconducting magnet
N1  - Accession Number: 16274482; Yamada, R. 1; Email Address: yamada@fnal.gov Marscin, E. 1; Email Address: marscin@fnal.gov Lee, A. 1; Email Address: alee@fnal.gov Wake, M. 2; Email Address: wake@post.kek.jp; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.  2: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraiki-ken 305-0801, Japan.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p291; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: COMPUTER-aided design; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D animation; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D ANSYS quench simulation.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting magnet; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829088
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274482&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, M. N.
AU  - Anerella, M.
AU  - Ganetis, G.
AU  - Ghosh, A. K.
AU  - Joshi, P.
AU  - Marone, A.
AU  - Muehle, C.
AU  - Muratore, J.
AU  - Schmalzle, J.
AU  - Soika, R.
AU  - Thomas, R.
AU  - Wanderer, P.
AU  - Kaugerts, J.
AU  - Morritz, G.
AU  - Hassenzahl, W. V.
T1  - Measured and Calculated Losses in Model Dipole for GSI's Heavy Ion Synchrotron.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 309
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The new heavy ion synchrotron facility proposed by GSI will have two superconducting magnet rings in the same tunnel, with rigidities of 300 T · m and 100 T · m. Fast ramp times are needed. These can cause problems of ac loss and field distortion in the magnets. For the high energy ring, a 1 m model dipole magnet has been built, based on the RHIC dipole design. This magnet was tested under boiling liquid helium in a vertical dewar. The quench current showed very little dependence on ramp rate. The ac losses, measured by an electrical method, were fitted to straight line plots of losses cycle versus ramp rate, thereby separating the eddy current and hysteresis components. These results were compared with calculated values, using parameters which had previously been measured on short samples of cable. Reasonably good agreement between theory and experiment was found, although the measured hysteresis loss is higher than expected in ramps to the highest field levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - AC loss
KW  - dipole magnet
KW  - heavy ion
KW  - Rutherford cable
KW  - superconducting magnet
KW  - synchrotron.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274485; Wilson, M. N.; Email Address: m-wilson@dsl.pipex.com Anerella, M. 1; Email Address: mda@bnl.gov Ganetis, G. 1; Email Address: ganetis1@bnl.gov Ghosh, A. K. 1; Email Address: aghosh@bnl.gov Joshi, P. 1; Email Address: joshi@bnl.gov Marone, A. 1; Email Address: andym@bnl.gov Muehle, C. 2; Email Address: muratore@bnl.gov Muratore, J. 1; Email Address: schmalz1@bnl.gov Schmalzle, J. 1; Email Address: soika@bnl.gov Soika, R. 1; Email Address: thomas@bnl.gov Thomas, R. 1; Email Address: wanderer@bnl.gov Wanderer, P. 1; Email Address: C.Muehle@gsi.de Kaugerts, J. 2; Email Address: j.kaugerts@gsi.de Morritz, G. 2; Email Address: G.Moritz@gsi.de Hassenzahl, W. V. 3; Email Address: advenergy1@aol.com; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, 11973, USA.  2: GSI, Abtelung BTE, Darmstadt, Germany.  3: Advanced Energy Analysis, Piedmont, CA 94611, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p306; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Author-Supplied Keyword: AC loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: dipole magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: heavy ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rutherford cable; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchrotron.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829096
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martovetsky, Nicola N.
AU  - Manahan, Robert R.
AU  - Meinke, Rainer B.
AU  - Chiesa, Luisa
AU  - Lietzke, Alan F.
AU  - Sabbi, Gian L.
AU  - Seidi, Peter A.
T1  - Development and Testing of the Improved Focusing Quadrupole of Heavy Ion Fusion Accelerators.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 316
EP  - 320
SN  - 10518223
AB  - An improved version of the focusing magnet for a Heavy Ion Fusion (HIF) accelerator was designed, built and tested in 2002-2003. This quadrupole has higher focusing power and lower error field than the previous version of the focusing quadrupoles successfully built and tested in 2001. We discuss the features of the new design, selected fabrication issues and test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - HEAVY ion accelerators
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - TESTING
KW  - Magnetic variables measurement
KW  - superconducting accelerator magnets
KW  - superconducting device testing.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274487; Martovetsky, Nicola N. 1; Email Address: martovetsky1@llnl.gov Manahan, Robert R. 1 Meinke, Rainer B. 2; Email Address: rmeinke@magnetlab.com Chiesa, Luisa 3,4; Email Address: lchiesi@mit.edu Lietzke, Alan F. 3; Email Address: aflletzke@lbl.gov Sabbi, Gian L. 3 Seidi, Peter A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  2: Advanced Magnetic Laboratory, Palm Bay, Fl, 32905, USA.  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; 94720, USA.  4: MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p316; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: HEAVY ion accelerators; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: TESTING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic variables measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting accelerator magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting device testing.; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829107
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274487&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yamada, Ryuji
AU  - Marscin, Eric
T1  - Precursory Voltage Signals in Cosine Theta Nb3Sn High Field Model Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
EP  - 328
SN  - 10518223
AB  - To understand the premature quenches of the Nb3Sn high field model magnets, we also made mirror design model magnets, and studied their quenches. With one of the mirror magnet, HFDA-03A, which had extra lead cables installed, some precursory voltage signals were observed at soldered joints in the high field region, leading to quenches at high ramp rate. These voltage signals diminish with slower ramp rate. The ramp rate dependence of the quench behaviors is experimentally studied. In the course of these quench investigation we developed a method to cancel the inductive voltage in the voltage tap signals. This method proved very effective to understand clearly how the quenches are propagating in all parts of the magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - HIGH voltages
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - Nb3Sn high field magnets
KW  - quench
KW  - Rutherford cable.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274489; Yamada, Ryuji 1; Email Address: yamada@fnal.gov Marscin, Eric 1; Email Address: emarscin@Comcast.net; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p325; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Subject Term: HIGH voltages; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn high field magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: quench; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rutherford cable.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829117
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274489&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gourlay, Stephen A.
T1  - High Field Magnet R&D in the USA.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 338
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Accelerator magnet technology is currently dominated by the use of NbTi superconductor. New and more demanding applications for superconducting accelerator magnets require the use of alternative materials. Several programs in the US are taking advantage of recent improvements in Nb3Sn to develop high field magnets for new applications. Highlights and challenges of the US R&D program are presented along with the status of conductor development. In addition, a new R&D focus, the US LHC Accelerator Research Program, will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - Accelerator magnets
KW  - superconducting magnets.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274491; Gourlay, Stephen A. 1; Email Address: sagourlay@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p333; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnets.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829120
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274491&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lietzke, A. F.
AU  - Bartlett, S.
AU  - Bish, P.
AU  - Caspi, S.
AU  - Chiesa, L.
AU  - Dietderich, D.
AU  - Ferracin, P.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
AU  - Goli, M.
AU  - Hafalia, R. R.
AU  - Higley, H.
AU  - Hannaford, R.
AU  - Lau, W.
AU  - Liggens, N.
AU  - Mattafirri, S.
AU  - Mclnturff, A.
AU  - Nyman, M.
AU  - Sabbi, G.
AU  - Scanlan, R.
AU  - Swanson, J.
T1  - Test Results for HD1, a 16 Tesla Nb3Sn Dipole Magnet.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 348
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The Superconducting Magnet Group at Lawrence  Berkeley National Laboratory has been developing the technology for using brittle superconductor in high-field accelerator  magnets. HIM, the latest in a series of magnets, contains two, double-layer Nb3Sn flat racetrack coils. This single-bore dipole configuration, using the highest performance conductor available, was designed and assembled for a 16 tesla conductor/structure/pre-stress proof-of-principle. With the combination of brittle conductor and high Lorentz stress, considerable care was taken to predict the magnet's mechanical responses to pre-stress, cool-down, and excitation. Subsequent cold testing satisfied expectations: Training started at 136 T, 83% of "short-sample", achieved 90% in 10 quenches, and reached its peak bore field (16 T) after 19 quenches. The average plateau, ∼92% of "short-sample", appeared to be limited by "stick-slip" conductor motions, consistent with the 16.2 T conductor "lift-off" pre-stress that was chosen for this first test.  Some lessons learned and some implications for future conductor and magnet technology development are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - Dipole
KW  - high-field
KW  - Nb3Sn
KW  - superconducting magnets
KW  - test results.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274493; Lietzke, A. F. 1; Email Address: AFLietzke@lbl.gov Bartlett, S. 1 Bish, P. 1 Caspi, S. 1 Chiesa, L. 1 Dietderich, D. 1 Ferracin, P. 1 Gourlay, S. A. 1 Goli, M. 1 Hafalia, R. R. 1 Higley, H. 1 Hannaford, R. 1 Lau, W. 1 Liggens, N. 1 Mattafirri, S. 1 Mclnturff, A. 1 Nyman, M. 1 Sabbi, G. 1 Scanlan, R. 1 Swanson, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p345; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: test results.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829122
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feber, S.
AU  - Ambrosio, G.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Barzi, E.
AU  - Carcagno, R.
AU  - Chichili, D. R.
AU  - Kashikhin, VI.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. V.
AU  - Lanm, M. J.
AU  - Orris, D.
AU  - Pischalnikov, Y.
AU  - Sylvester, C.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Tompkins, J. C.
AU  - Yadav, S.
AU  - Yamada, R.
AU  - Ziobin, A. V.
T1  - Test Results of Shell-Type Nb3Sn Dipole Coils.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 352
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Several different shell type coils were made by using the 'wind-and-react' technique, installed in a mirror magnet configuration and tested at Fermilab. The results revealed that the previously suspect splice technique is adequate and is not responsible for the quench performance limitation. Cable instability is the preferred candidate, however this might be coupled with other effects since all of the experimental results cannot be explained exclusively with cable instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIC circuits
KW  - ELECTRIC cables
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - high field dipole
KW  - magnet
KW  - Nb3Sn.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274494; Feber, S. 1; Email Address: febers@fnal.gov Ambrosio, G. 1 Andreev, N. 1 Barzi, E. 1 Carcagno, R. 1 Chichili, D. R. 1 Kashikhin, VI. 1 Kashikhin, V. V. 1 Lanm, M. J. 1 Orris, D. 1 Pischalnikov, Y. 1 Sylvester, C. 1 Tartaglia, M. 1 Tompkins, J. C. 1 Yadav, S. 1 Yamada, R. 1 Ziobin, A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p349; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRIC cables; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: high field dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829126
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274494&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kashikhin, V. S.
AU  - Ambrosio, G.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Bait, E.
AU  - Chichili, D.
AU  - Imbasciati, L.
AU  - Feber, S.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. V.
AU  - Lanun, M.
AU  - Limon, P. J.
AU  - Novitski, I.
AU  - Orris, D.
AU  - Sylvester, C.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Tompkins, J.
AU  - Yadav, S.
AU  - Yamada, R.
AU  - Velev, G.
AU  - Ziobin, A. V.
T1  - Development and Test of Single-Layer Common Coil Dipole Wound With Reacted Nb3Sn Cable.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 356
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The first one-meter long common coil dipole model (HFDC-01) has been fabricated and tested at Fermilab. This magnet has several innovative features such as: single-layer racetrack coils, a 22-mm wide 60-strand Rutherford type cable made of 0.7-inm Nb3Sn strands, and a stainless steel coil-support structure reinforced by horizontal bridges inserted between coil blocks. The model was instrumented with voltage taps, quench heaters, temperature sensors and strain gauges in order to monitor the quench origin, and to study mechanical and quench protection issues. This paper summarizes the model design parameters, the fabrication procedures and the test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - Common coil dipole
KW  - manufacturing
KW  - Nb3Sn
KW  - superconducting accelerator magnet
KW  - tests.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274495; Kashikhin, V. S. 1; Email Address: kash@fnal.gov Ambrosio, G. 1 Andreev, N. 1 Bait, E. 1 Chichili, D. 1 Imbasciati, L. 1 Feber, S. 1 Kashikhin, V. V. 1 Lanun, M. 1 Limon, P. J. 1 Novitski, I. 1 Orris, D. 1 Sylvester, C. 1 Tartaglia, M. 1 Tompkins, J. 1 Yadav, S. 1 Yamada, R. 1 Velev, G. 1 Ziobin, A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, MS 316, Batavia, IL 60510, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p353; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: DESIGN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Common coil dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: manufacturing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nb3Sn; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting accelerator magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: tests.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829128
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274495&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferracin, P.
AU  - Caspi, S.
AU  - Chiesa, L.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
AU  - Hafalia, R. R.
AU  - Imbasciati, L.
AU  - Lietzke, K. F.
AU  - Sabbi, G.
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
T1  - Thermal, Electrical and Mechanical Response in Nb3Sn Superconducting Coils.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 364
SN  - 10518223
AB  - During a quench, significant temperatures can arise as a magnet's stored energy is dissipated in the normal zone. Temperature gradients during this process give rise to localized strains within the coil. Reactive forces in the magnet structure balance the electromagnetic and thermal forces and maintain on equilibrium. In this paper we present a complete 3D finite element analysis of a racetrack coil. Specifically, the analysis focuses on thermal, electrical and mechanical conditions in a 10 T Nb3Sn coil built and tested as part of LBNL's Subscale Magnet Program. The study at- tempts to simulate time history of the temperature and voltage rise during quench propagation. The transient thermal stress after the quench is then evaluated and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC circuits
KW  - Quench propagation
KW  - stress analysis
KW  - superconducting magnets
KW  - thermal analysis.
N1  - Accession Number: 16274497; Ferracin, P. 1; Email Address: pferracin@lbl.gov Caspi, S. 1 Chiesa, L. 2 Gourlay, S. A. 1 Hafalia, R. R. 1 Imbasciati, L. Lietzke, K. F. 1 Sabbi, G. 1 Scanlan, R. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.  2: MIT, Cambridge, MA USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p361; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quench propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: stress analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal analysis.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829130
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274497&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takano, Junpei
AU  - Hattori, Toshiyuki
AU  - Okamura, Masahiro
AU  - Roser, Thomas
AU  - MacKay, William W.
AU  - Luccio, Alfred
AU  - Takano, Koji
T1  - Design Study of a Normal Conducting Helical Snake for AGS.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 457
EP  - 460
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A new normal conducting snake magnet is being fabricated for the Alternate Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). In the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) project, a superconducting type helical dipole magnets had been developed and it performed successfully in high-energy polarized proton acceleration. The new AGS helical snake has the same basic magnetic structure but is more complicated. To achieve no beam shift and no beam deflection in one magnetic device, helical pitches and rotating angles were carefully calculated. Compared to a superconducting magnet, a normal warm magnet must have a large cross-sectional area of conductors which make it difficult to design a magnet with large helical pitch. We developed a modified window frame structure to accommodate the large number of conductors. Its three dimensional magnetic field was simulated by using OPERA3D/TOSCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - PROTON accelerators
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 16274521; Takano, Junpei 1; Email Address: 02m19155@nr.titech.ac.jp Hattori, Toshiyuki 1; Email Address: thattori@nr.titech.ac.jp Okamura, Masahiro 2; Email Address: moka-mura@riken.jp Roser, Thomas 3; Email Address: roser@bnl.gov MacKay, William W. 3; Email Address: mackay@bnl.gov Luccio, Alfred 3; Email Address: luccio@bnl.gov Takano, Koji 4; Email Address: kouji@tomagnet.com; Affiliation:  1: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152- 8550, Japan  2: RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973 USA  4: Takano Original Magnet, Kanagawa 259-1102, Japan; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p457; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: PROTON accelerators; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829695
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274521&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, Ramesh
T1  - Permanent Magnet Design With Large Variations in Field Strength.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 476
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The use of permanent magnets has been investigated as an option for electron cooling ring for the proposed luminosity upgrade of RHIC. Several methods have been developed that allow a large variation in field strength. These design concepts were verified with computer simulations using finite element codes. It will be shown that the field uniformity is maintained while the field strength is mechanically adjusted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - COOLING
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - electron cooling
KW  - permanent magnet
N1  - Accession Number: 16274525; Gupta, Ramesh 1; Email Address: gupta@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p473; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DESIGN; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: permanent magnet; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829699
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274525&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peng, Q. L.
AU  - Parker, B.
AU  - Marone, A.
AU  - Wu, Y. Z.
AU  - Wang, M. T.
T1  - BEPCII Interaction Region Superconducting Magnet System.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 541
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The superconducting magnet system for the interaction region of BEPCII Consists of two sets of Compensation solenoids, two SC quadrupoles, and several correction magnets. This paper describes the Conceptual design and some technical consideration for these magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - Anti-solenoid
KW  - field compensation
KW  - magnet cryostate
KW  - multi-layers winding technique
KW  - support stage
N1  - Accession Number: 16274539; Peng, Q. L. 1; Email Address: Pengql@mail.ihep.ac.cn Parker, B. 2; Email Address: parker@lbl.gov Marone, A. 2 Wu, Y. Z. 1 Wang, M. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.  2: Superconducting Magnet Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p539; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: DESIGN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anti-solenoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: field compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnet cryostate; Author-Supplied Keyword: multi-layers winding technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: support stage; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829714
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274539&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blau, B.
AU  - Campi, D.
AU  - Curé, B.
AU  - Greco, M.
AU  - Kircher, F.
AU  - Liikarnaa, R.
AU  - Seppälä, J.
AU  - Smith, R.
AU  - Vieillard, L.
T1  - Superconducting Strand Properties at Each Production Stage of the CMS Solenoid Conductor Manufacturing.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 548
EP  - 551
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is one of the general-purpose particle detectors presently being built for the LHC project at CERN. The superconducting CMS solenoid will produce a magnetic field of 4 T in a bore 6 m in diameter and 12.5 m long. The coil is wound from 20 high purity aluminum-stabilized NbTi conductors with a total length of 45 km. The main part of the structural integrity of the CMS coil is ensured by aluminum-alloy reinforcement welded to the high purity aluminum stabilizer of the conductor. The Rutherford type superconducting cable within the stabilizer consists of 32 copper-stabilized multifilamentary NbTi strands each with Nb barrier. The strands are optimized with respect to a high critical current density (&rg; 3000 A/mm² at 5 T, 4.2 K). Approximately 1950 km of superconducting strand has been produced from 148 extrusion billets and cabled in unit lengths of 2.65 km. All strands within a cable can unambiguously be identified by distinctive patterns of the NbTi filaments. The statistics of Ic measurements, n-value, copper RRR and (Cu + Nb)/NbTi ratio are presented. Since the strands are subjected to potentially dangerous high temperatures and mechanical strain during the different conductor production steps it was important to trace the critical current properties of the strand as it progressed through the conductor fabrication process. The paper presents results of Ic measurement, which were performed on all individual strands extracted from conductor samples taken at each step of the manufacturing process. The comparison among the measurements assured accurate quality control during the whole process of conductor production. In addition, Ic measurements in fields up to 6 T on the complete CMS conductors using the MaRiSA test facility are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - Aluminum stabilized super-conductors
KW  - CMS solenoid
KW  - NbTi
KW  - strand properties
N1  - Accession Number: 16274541; Blau, B. 1; Email Address: bertrand.blau@psi.ch Campi, D. 2 Curé, B. 2 Greco, M. 3 Kircher, F. 4 Liikarnaa, R. 5 Seppälä, J. 5 Smith, R. 6 Vieillard, L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.  2: CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.  3: INFN-Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy.  4: CEA Saclay, Dapnia/STCM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.  5: Outokumpu Poricopper Oy, 28330 Pori, Finland.  6: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p548; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum stabilized super-conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMS solenoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: NbTi; Author-Supplied Keyword: strand properties; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829716
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bird, Mark D.
AU  - Bole, Scott
AU  - Gundlach, Scott
AU  - Kenney, Steve
AU  - Miller, John
AU  - Toth, Jack
AU  - Zeller, Al
T1  - Cryostat Design and Fabrication for the NHMFL/NSCL Sweeper Magnet.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 564
EP  - 567
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida and the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory in East Lansing, Michigan have been collaborating on the design and construction of a large-gap, compact superconducting sweeper magnet for nuclear physics experiments. The magnet consists of two NbTi D-shaped coils and 20 tons of magnet iron in a "C" configuration. The coils were successfully bucket tested in their support structures during the summer of 2002. The design of the cryostat was completed in late 2002 and construction is nearly completed. System testing is expected to occur late in 2003. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Large gap dipole
KW  - superconducting dipole
N1  - Accession Number: 16274545; Bird, Mark D. 1; Email Address: bird@magnet.fsu.edu Bole, Scott 1; Email Address: bole@magnet.fsu.edu Gundlach, Scott 1; Email Address: gundlach@magnet.fsu.edu Kenney, Steve 1; Email Address: kenneys@magnet.fsu.edu Miller, John 1; Email Address: miller@magnet.fsu.edu Toth, Jack 1; Email Address: toth@magnet.fsu.edu Zeller, Al 2; Email Address: zeller@nscl.msu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.  2: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, MI, 48824 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p564; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large gap dipole; Author-Supplied Keyword: superconducting dipole; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.829720
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274545&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogitsu, Toru
AU  - Makida, Yasuhiro
AU  - Kobayashi, Takashi
AU  - Ajima, Yasuo
AU  - Doi, Yoshikuni
AU  - Higasba, Norio
AU  - Iwamoto, Yosuke
AU  - Ichikawa, Atsuko
AU  - Kimura, Nobuhiro
AU  - Nakamoto, Tatsushi
AU  - Ohhata, Hirokatsu
AU  - Shintomi, Takakazu
AU  - Takasaki, Minoru
AU  - Tanaka, Ken-ichi
AU  - Terashima, Akio
AU  - Yamamoto, Akira
AU  - Obana, Tetsuhiro
AU  - Anerella, Michael
AU  - Escallier, John
AU  - Gupta, Ramesh
T1  - Superconducting Magnet System at the 50 GeV Proton Beam Line for the J-PARC Neutrino Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 604
EP  - 607
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A neutrino oscillation experiment using the J-PARC 50 GeV 0.75 MW proton beam is planned as a successor to the K2K project currently being operated at KEK. A superconducting magnet system is required for the arc section of the primary proton beam line to be within the space available at the site. A system with 28 combined function magnets is proposed to simplify the system and optimize the cost. The required fields for the magnets are 2.6 T dipole and 19 T/m quadrupole. The magnets are also required to have a large aperture, 173.4 mm diameter, to accommodate the large beam emittance. The magnets will be protected by cold diodes and cooled by forced flow supercritical helium produced by a 4.5 K, 2∼2.5 kW refrigerator. This paper reports the system overview and the design status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - DIODES
KW  - VACUUM tubes
KW  - Beam line
KW  - combined function magnet
KW  - neutrino superconducting magnet
N1  - Accession Number: 16274555; Ogitsu, Toru 1; Email Address: toru.ogitsp@kek.jp Makida, Yasuhiro 1 Kobayashi, Takashi 1 Ajima, Yasuo 1 Doi, Yoshikuni 1 Higasba, Norio 1 Iwamoto, Yosuke 1 Ichikawa, Atsuko 1 Kimura, Nobuhiro 1 Nakamoto, Tatsushi 1 Ohhata, Hirokatsu 1 Shintomi, Takakazu 1 Takasaki, Minoru 1 Tanaka, Ken-ichi 1 Terashima, Akio 1 Yamamoto, Akira 1 Obana, Tetsuhiro 2; Email Address: obana@post.kek.jp Anerella, Michael 3 Escallier, John 3 Gupta, Ramesh 3; Affiliation:  1: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801 Japan.  2: Graduate University of Advanced Science.  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p604; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: VACUUM tubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam line; Author-Supplied Keyword: combined function magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrino superconducting magnet; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274555&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakamoto, Tatsushi
AU  - Higashi, Norio
AU  - Ogitsu, Toru
AU  - Terashima, Akio
AU  - Ajima, Yasuo
AU  - Anerella, Michael
AU  - Gupta, Rarnesh
AU  - Hattori, Hisashi
AU  - Ichihara, Tadashi
AU  - Iwamoto, Yosuke
AU  - Kimura, Nobuhiro
AU  - Makida, Yasuhiro
AU  - Obana, Tetsuhiro
AU  - Tanaka, Ken-ichi
AU  - Wanderer, Peter
AU  - Yamamoto, Akira
T1  - Design of Superconducting Combined Function Magnets for the 50 GeV Proton Beam Line for the J-PARC Neutrino Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 616
EP  - 619
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Superconducting combined function magnets will be utilized for the 50 GeV-750 kW proton beam line for the J-PARC neutrino experiment and an R&D program has been launched at KEK. The magnet is designed to provide a combined function with a dipole field of 2.59 T and a quadrupole field of 18.7 T/m in a coil aperture of 173.4 mm. A single layer coil is proposed to reduce the fabrication cost and the coil arrangement in the 2-D cross-section results in left-right asymmetry. This paper reports the design study of the magnet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - DIPOLE moments
N1  - Accession Number: 16274558; Nakamoto, Tatsushi 1; Email Address: tatsushi.nakamoto@kek.jp Higashi, Norio 1 Ogitsu, Toru 1 Terashima, Akio 1 Ajima, Yasuo 1 Anerella, Michael 2 Gupta, Rarnesh 2 Hattori, Hisashi 1 Ichihara, Tadashi 1 Iwamoto, Yosuke 1 Kimura, Nobuhiro 1 Makida, Yasuhiro 1 Obana, Tetsuhiro 3; Email Address: obana@post.kek.jp Tanaka, Ken-ichi 1 Wanderer, Peter 2; Email Address: wanderer@bnl.gov Yamamoto, Akira 1; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan.  2: Superconducting Magnet Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.  3: Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p616; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274558&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coccoli, M.
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
AU  - Calvi, M.
AU  - Caspi, S.
AU  - Chiesa, L.
AU  - Hafalia, R.
AU  - Higley, H. C.
AU  - Dietderich, D. R.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
AU  - Lietzke, A.
AU  - McInturff, A. D.
AU  - Sabbi, G.
T1  - Fabrication and Performance of Nb3Sn Rutherford-Type Cable With Cu Added as a Separate Component.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 971
EP  - 974
SN  - 10518223
AB  - From the standpoint of overall conductor cost, it is desirable to minimize the amount of Cu that is co-processed with the superconductor during strand fabrication. We are investigating several approaches for fabricating multistrand cables in which the Cu is added at the final, i.e., cabling, stage of manufacture. These include mixed strand Rutherford-type cables with pure Cu strands cabled together with superconductor strands that have a low volume fraction of Cu, Cu added as a core to a Rutherford-type cable, and Cu strip added to the surface of the cable. Results on fabrication of several alternate types of Nb3Sn cables are presented. The more promising types of mixed strand and cored cables are being evaluated in short sample and small magnet tests. These results will be presented and the performance will be compared with conventional Rutherford cables where the Cu is an integral component of the superconductor strand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CABLES
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - POWER transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 16274644; Coccoli, M. 1; Email Address: Mircd.Coccoli@cem.ch Scanlan, R. M. 2 Calvi, M. 1 Caspi, S. 2 Chiesa, L. 2 Hafalia, R. 2 Higley, H. C. 2 Dietderich, D. R. 2 Gourlay, S. A. 2 Lietzke, A. 2 McInturff, A. D. 2 Sabbi, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: CERN, Geneva 23, 1211 Switzerland.  2: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p971; Subject Term: CABLES; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: POWER transmission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332618 Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332619 Other fabricated wire product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830342
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274644&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasegawa, Takayo
AU  - Nishioka, Junichi
AU  - Ohtam, Nozomu
AU  - Hikichi, Yasuo
AU  - Scanlan, Ronald
AU  - Gupta, Ramesh
AU  - Hirano, Naoki
AU  - Nagaya, Shigeo
T1  - 12 kA HTS Rutherford Cable.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1066
EP  - 1069
SN  - 10518223
AB  - One of the advantages of Bi-2212 is that a high Jc value can be obtained in wires with various shapes and filament configurations. Realization of a high Jc round wire made it possible to fabricate many kinds of cable developed for applications of low temperature superconductors (LTC). We successfully fabricated a 30-strand Rutherford cable using 0.8 mmd round wire. Optimization of cabling factor enables to reduce the Ic degradation at the cable edge. Ic values were about 650-750 A at 65 K in a noninductive winding condition, which corresponds to 11-13 kA at 4.2 K in self-field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - WIRE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
N1  - Accession Number: 16274668; Hasegawa, Takayo 1; Email Address: k840353@snt1.swcc.co.jp Nishioka, Junichi 1; Email Address: k890224@snt1.swcc.co.jp Ohtam, Nozomu 1; Email Address: k930025@snt1.swcc.co.jp Hikichi, Yasuo 1; Email Address: k930367@snti1.swccco.jp Scanlan, Ronald 2; Email Address: rseanlan@lbl.gov Gupta, Ramesh 3; Email Address: gupta@bnl.gov Hirano, Naoki 4; Email Address: nagaya.sbigeo@chuden.co.jp Nagaya, Shigeo 4; Email Address: hirano.naoki@chuden.co.jp; Affiliation:  1: Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd., Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-1133, Japan.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS46-161, Berkeley, CA USA.  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory,Upton, NY 11973 USA.  4: Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Ohdakacho, Midori-ku, Nagoya 459-8522, Japan.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1066; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109ITASC.2004.830408
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274668&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ke Han
AU  - Sims, James R.
AU  - Swanson, Chuck A.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
T1  - Reinforcement Materials for High Field Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1141
EP  - 1144
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The material programs related to the fabrication of various magnets include the selection and characterization of reinforcement materials and the development of fabrication routes for these materials. Stainless Steels (SS), Elgiloy and MP3SN were studied for their potential use as the reinforcement materials. The fabrication routes include the annealing, deformation and aging. The SS materials were tested in deformed and annealed conditions, whereas Elgiloy and MP3SN were tested in aged conditions be- cause of the strengthening effects of aging. Examination of the microstructure and mechanical properties of these materials reveals that the microstructures developed during the fabrication influence the mechanical response of the materials to the Lorentz force and other external forces. The strengthening mechanisms of these materials have been considered in details and related to the possible mechanical response to the Lorentz forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
N1  - Accession Number: 16274687; Ke Han 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu Sims, James R. 2 Swanson, Chuck A. 1 Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Thllahassee, FL 32310 USA.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1141; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830449
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274687&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
AU  - Han, Ke
AU  - Bednar, Neil A.
AU  - Swenson, Chuck A.
AU  - Walsh, Robert
T1  - Materials for 100 T Monocoil Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1153
EP  - 1156
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The development of improved conductors and reinforcement materials is instrumental for the achievement of ultra-high fields with monolithic magnets. They have the advantage that there is no coupling between the coils of the traditional two-coil systems, and that the magnet can be built much smaller, and it has longer pulse times. The fields that can be achieved are determined by the strain limitation of the conductor, and the strength and stiffness of the reinforcement. We have investigated the material requirements for this type of magnet to define the objectives for material development. It follows that future material development activities for reliable 100 T magnets should focus on conductors with the following specifications (all values are at 77 K): a) Ultimate conductor strength of 1.2 GPa, b) Conductivity of 500 percent IACS, c) 10 percent strain to failure, d) Fatigue strength of I GPa at about 5000 full load cycles from tensile stress at peak pulse to compressive stress after the pulse of about 0.6 GPa. It is equally important to improve the reinforcement materials. At the NHMFL, we use with great success a combination of Zylon fiber and MP3SN superalloy. We have increased the isotropic strength of MP3SN at 77 K to 2.6 GPa (modulus 240 GPa), and are working on further improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
N1  - Accession Number: 16274690; Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 1; Email Address: smuntau@magnet.fsu.edu; Han, Ke 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu Bednar, Neil A. 1; Email Address: bednar@magnet.fsu.edu Swenson, Chuck A. 1; Email Address: swenson@magnet.fsu.edu Walsh, Robert 1; Email Address: walsh@magne.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1153; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830461
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274690&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Anerella, M.
AU  - Cozzolino, J.
AU  - Escallier, J.
AU  - Ganetis, G.
AU  - Ghosh, A.
AU  - Harrison, M.
AU  - Marone, A.
AU  - Muratore, J.
AU  - Schmalzle, J.
AU  - Sampson, W.
AU  - Wanderer, P.
T1  - Status of High Temperature Superconductor Magnet R&D at BNL.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1198
EP  - 1201
SN  - 10518223
AB  - We report the status and test results of the High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) cable and magnet R&D at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). If successful, this will enhance the performance and reduce the cost of operation of magnets that must absorb a large amount of energy. The need for developing this technology has been seen in a number of high field magnet applications for high energy colliders, and a medium field application in the proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA). The likelihood of the future use of HTS is improving because of the availability of longer and more uniform length tapes and cables and because of the ongoing construction and test experience at BNL and elsewhere. The design of a super-ferric quadrupole, that must survive the very high radiation environment of RIA, and operate at 20-40 K, is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 16274701; Gupta, R. 1; Email Address: gupta@bnl.gov Anerella, M. 1 Cozzolino, J. 1 Escallier, J. 1 Ganetis, G. 1 Ghosh, A. 1 Harrison, M. 1 Marone, A. 1 Muratore, J. 1 Schmalzle, J. 1 Sampson, W. 1 Wanderer, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1198; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830526
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274701&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swenson, C. A.
AU  - Marshall, W. S.
AU  - Miller, E. L.
AU  - Pickard, K. W.
AU  - Gavrilin, A. V.
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Schnejder-Muntau, H. J.
T1  - Pulse Magnet Development Program at NHMFL.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1233
EP  - 1236
SN  - 10518223
AB  - In 1989, the NHMFL Pulsed Magnetic Field User Facility was set up at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Two programs were initially conceived: 1) The construction of a 60 T long pulse magnet energized by the 600 MJ, 540 MW generator, and 2) a high field magnet program for the 1.6 MJ/32 mF capacitor bank with an operating range of 10 kV. These magnets are designed and built at the NHMFL. Our pulse coil development has its roots in the work accomplished by the group in Leuven which served as a starting point for our technical development programs. After having established the technology, we have focused our efforts on increased reliability. Our present user magnet design is based upon the use of distributed MP35N and Zylon reinforcement. These 60 T short pulse (5.7 ms pulse rise time) and 50 T mid-pulse (40 ms pulse rise time) magnets have become the "workhorse" magnets of the Pulsed Magnetic Field User Facility since the failure of the first 60 T long pulse magnet. Coil longevities of 1500 shots, of which half are at full field, are becoming the standard. Presently, the short pulse group is engaged in several programs to increase the science opportunities at our user facility. The development activities encompass fast-cool magnet systems, allowing a shot at least every 20 minutes, the production of a new generation of user coils for higher fields, and a 100 T insert. We present a technical overview of our development programs and new coil designs, including materials development and characterization, identifying those areas critical to progress toward even more reliable and stronger magnetic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - CAPACITORS
N1  - Accession Number: 16274710; Swenson, C. A. 1 Marshall, W. S. 1 Miller, E. L. 1 Pickard, K. W. 1 Gavrilin, A. V. 1 Han, K. 1 Schnejder-Muntau, H. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: U.S. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1233; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830538
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274710&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, Wm. Scott
AU  - Swenson Jr., Charles A.
AU  - Gavrilin, Andy V.
AU  - Rickel, Dwight G.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
T1  - Development of 'Poly-Layer' Assembly Technology for Pulsed Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1241
EP  - 1244
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Historically the analysis of pulsed magnets has indicated that a coil assembly comprised by a layer-by-layer graded conductor coil is nearly optimum. Additionally the layer-to-layer winding transitions, associated with monolithic coil construction, are problematic and often the source of catastrophic failure in pulsed coils. FEA analysis of transition structures has confirmed the lessons of operational experience. Additionally the layer-to-layer winding transitions present an unacceptable risk a short circuit fault to the reinforcement structure. These attributes of monolithic coil construction have limited the fields where pulsed magnets can be operated to approximately 60 T. Several operational issues arise above this field: coil reliability degrades, and the time required to cool the magnet between shots is increased, since higher field monolithic coils require large amounts of distributed internal reinforcement to limit conductor strain. We are developing a new `poly-layer' coil construction to address these engineering requirements. In this construction, each layer is wound separately on a forming mandrel, and then installed onto an assembly mandrel. Spool pieces are installed at each end to support the lead exits as they transition out of the windings. Each layer is joined in series with the next in a joint structure that is constrained in the radial and circumferential directions, but free to move with the coil in the axial direction. Furthermore, the coil reinforcement is used to support the lead in the transition region between the windings and the joint. The new design represents a change in our manufacturing template that is intended to allow development of higher field coils. This paper will report design details and the results from prototype testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances -- Protection
KW  - ELECTRIC circuit breakers
KW  - ELECTRIC circuits
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
N1  - Accession Number: 16274712; Marshall, Wm. Scott 1; Email Address: smarshal@magaet.fsu.edu Swenson Jr., Charles A. 1 Gavrilin, Andy V. Rickel, Dwight G. 2 Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Pulsed Field Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1241; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances -- Protection; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuit breakers; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuits; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830542
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274712&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, Hans J.
AU  - Toth, Jack
AU  - Weijers, Huub W.
T1  - Generation of the Highest Continuous Magnetic Fields.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1245
EP  - 1252
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The generation of the highest magnetic fields is a true challenge to the magnet designer and a stimulus for the materials scientist. Record fields are achieved through a successful interplay between the precise understanding of the physics of magnets, the detailed knowledge and conscious use of the available materials, and a design that optimizes all the different parameters. We describe three technologies essential for the generation of the highest magnetic fields: coils wound from high-temperature superconductors (HTS) operated at liquid helium temperatures in a background field; high-power resistive magnets; and hybrid magnets, which combine the advantages of resistive and super-conducting magnets. HTS show high current densities at elevated fields confirmed so far by measurements up to 33 T. In spite of the strain limitation of the conductor, insert coils up to 3.2 T have been built at different laboratories for a total field of 23.5 T. Recently a record field of 25 T using a 5 T Bi2Sr2 CaCu2Ox superconducting insert coil has been achieved at the NHMFL. For resistive magnets, dramatic improvements in magnet design, such as the Florida-Bitter magnet, and new materials, such as the microcomposite CuAg, have made it possible that magnetic fields can now be generated that exceed the fields that hybrid magnets produced 10 years ago. Today, 33 T are provided on a routine basis with resistive magnets. The highest continuous magnetic field ever of 45 T is obtained with a new generation of hybrid magnets. It is available for scientific research in our user facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - DESIGN
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - LIQUID helium
N1  - Accession Number: 16274713; Schneider-Muntau, Hans J. 1; Email Address: smuntau@magnet.fsu.edu Toth, Jack 1; Email Address: toth@magnet.fsu.edu Weijers, Huub W. 1; Email Address: weijers@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1245; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: DESIGN; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830543
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274713&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bird, M. D.
AU  - Dixon, I. R.
AU  - Toth, J.
T1  - Design of the Next Generation of Florida-Bitter Magnets at the NHMFL.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1253
EP  - 1256
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida designs, builds and operates the world's highest field dc resistive magnets, providing fields up to 33 T in purely resistive systems and up to 45 T in resistive-superconducting hybrids. The next generation of magnets is presently being designed and will use technology developed for our hybrid to upgrade the field in our various resistive magnets. Coil designs are presented for the following 20 MW dc systems: 1) a new 50 mm bore magnet expected to provide 32 T, 2) a new 32 mm bore magnet expected to provide 35 T, and 3) a new high-homogeneity magnet expected to provide 30 T with inhomogeneity of 50 ppm or less over a 10 mm diameter spherical volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - BONDED magnets
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16274714; Bird, M. D. 1; Email Address: bird@magnet.fsu.edu Dixon, I. R. 1; Email Address: dixon@magnet.fsu.su Toth, J. 1; Email Address: toth@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32306 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1253; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: BONDED magnets; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830545
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274714&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixon, I. R.
AU  - Markiewicz, W. D.
AU  - Murphy, P.
AU  - Painter, T. A.
AU  - Powell, A.
T1  - Quench Detection and Protection of the Wide Bore 900 MHz NMR Magnet at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1260
EP  - 1263
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A wide bore, high resolution NMR magnet with a proton resonance frequency of 900 MHz, field of 21.1 T, and stored energy of 40 MJ has been designed and fabricated at the NHMFL. The magnet has five Nb3Sn and five NbTi coils, each of which contains stainless steel strip heaters. An active protection system with analog quench detection circuitry is employed to determine the onset of a quench and to subsequently open a superconducting protection switch and energize a portion of the strip heater network. A passive protection system with diode sets and shunting resistors exist for redundancy. Details of the protection system are presented and its performance during the magnet's bucket test are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SWITCHING circuits
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - DIODES
KW  - STEEL
KW  - IRON
N1  - Accession Number: 16274716; Dixon, I. R. 1; Email Address: dixon@magnet.fsu.edu Markiewicz, W. D. 2; Email Address: markwcz@magnet.fsu.edu Murphy, P. 2; Email Address: murphy@magnet.fsu.edu Painter, T. A. 2; Email Address: painter@magnet.fsu.edu Powell, A. 2; Email Address: powell@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310 USA.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1260; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SWITCHING circuits; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: IRON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830547
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274716&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bird, Mark D.
T1  - Florida-Helix Resistive Magnets.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1271
EP  - 1275
SN  - 10518223
AB  - A new technology is being developed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida, USA for generating very high DC fields. The technique preserves the best features of the Florida-Bitter technology that has become the international standard for resistive magnets while eliminating the slit inherent in all disk solenoids. Thus, higher current densities and average stresses can be supported. While continuous helices for high field resistive magnets have been built at various laboratories, the new Florida-Helix shows potential to surpass today's state-of-the-art for field-to-power ratios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SOLENOIDS -- Magnetic fields
N1  - Accession Number: 16274719; Bird, Mark D. 1; Email Address: bird@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1271; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS -- Magnetic fields; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830551
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274719&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, John R.
AU  - Bird, Mark D.
T1  - A New Series-Connected Hybrid Magnet System for the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1283
EP  - 1286
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) proposes to build a new hybrid magnet system with three specific goals: 1) address the needs of users requiring high homogeneity, high temporal stability, and long residence times at moderately high fields; 2) enhance user service through use of a single 10 MW power supply (allowing simultaneous operation of multiple systems); and 3) make the system attractive in terms of combined capital and operating costs. The basic configuration will be a Series-Connected Hybrid, wherein resistive insert and superconducting outsert are connected in series and powered by a single 10-MW unit (20 kA and 500 V) of the NHMFL dc power system, a configuration with advantages for handling faults and off-normal operating conditions and with improved temporal stability. Specific design goals are 35 T, 10-ppm uniformity over a 10-mm DSV, and access for 40-mm diameter probes. By powering the superconducting outsert with 20-kA high-temperature-super-conductor (HTS) current leads, cryogenic loads are kept small, substantially smaller even than the present 45-T Hybrid. The net result is a magnet design: 1) with capability for both higher field and higher field quality than present resistive-only systems, 2) that permits simultaneous service of two or more users, 3) that is sufficiently compact to fit within the standard resistive-magnet cell, 4) whose ease of operation is comparable to resistive-only systems, and 5) whose lifetime cost (including construction and operation) can be significantly lower than comparable resistive-only systems. We discuss details of the existing conceptual design, the methodology for its creation, the perceived development needs, and the projected program to realize this system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - OVERHEAD costs
KW  - HYBRID power systems
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
N1  - Accession Number: 16274722; Miller, John R. 1; Email Address: miller@magnet.fsu.edu Bird, Mark D. 1; Email Address: bird@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1283; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: OVERHEAD costs; Subject Term: HYBRID power systems; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830554
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274722&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Painter, Thomas A.
AU  - Dixon, Lain R.
AU  - Markiewicz, W. Denis
T1  - Voltage Spike and Magnet Quench Behavior in the NHMFL 900 MHz Bucket Test.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1613
EP  - 1616
SN  - 10518223
AB  - The NHMFL 105 mm wide bore 900 MHz NMR magnet and protection system were tested in an open bucket cryostat as a qualification test of the integrated system for the first time. The relevant aspects of the superconducting magnet configuration and bucket test operation are discussed. The unique voltage spike and magnet quench behavior are described. A discussion is provided to substantiate the thesis that interface instabilities are the cause of the quenches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETS
N1  - Accession Number: 16274800; Painter, Thomas A. 1; Email Address: painter@magnet.fsu.edu Dixon, Lain R. 1; Email Address: dixon@magnet.fsu.edu Markiewicz, W. Denis 1; Email Address: markwcz@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310 USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1613; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.831011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274800&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wanderer, Peter
AU  - John Escallier
AU  - Ganetis, George
AU  - Jain, Animesh
AU  - Louie, Wing
AU  - Marone, Andrew
AU  - Thomas, Richard
T1  - Development of a Precise Magnetic Field Measurement System for Fast-Changing Magnetic Fields.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1826
EP  - 1829
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Several recent applications for fast ramped magnets have been found that require precise measurement of the time-dependent fields. In one instance, accelerator dipoles will be ramped at 1 T/sec, with measurements needed to the typical level of accuracy for accelerators, ΔB/B better than 0.01%. To meet this need, we have begun development of a system containing 16 stationary pickup windings that will be sampled at a high rate. It is hoped that harmonics through the decapole can be measured with this system. Precise measurement of the time-dependent harmonics requires that both the pickup windings and the voltmeters be nearly identical. To minimize costs, printed circuit boards are being used for the pickup windings and a combination of amplifiers and ADC's for voltmeters. In addition, new software must be developed for the analysis. The paper will present a status report on this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PRINTED circuits industry
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - COST control
KW  - ELECTRIC circuits
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
N1  - Accession Number: 16274853; Wanderer, Peter 1; Email Address: wanderer@bnl.gov John Escallier 1; Email Address: escallie@bnl.gov Ganetis, George 1; Email Address: ganetis1@bnl.gov Jain, Animesh 1; Email Address: jain@bnl.gov Louie, Wing 1; Email Address: louie@bnl.gov Marone, Andrew 1; Email Address: andym@bnl.gov Thomas, Richard 1; Email Address: thomas1@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Superconducting Magnet Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1826; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PRINTED circuits industry; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: COST control; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuits; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334418 Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334412 Bare Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830872
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274853&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, R. P.
AU  - Campi, D.
AU  - Curé, B.
AU  - Gaddi, A.
AU  - Gerwig, H.
AU  - Grillet, J.-P.
AU  - Hervé, A.
AU  - Klyukhin, V. I.
AU  - Loveless, R.
T1  - Measuring the Magnetic Field in the CMS Steel Yoke Elements.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1830
EP  - 1833
SN  - 10518223
AB  - Flux loops and Hall probes are being installed on selected segments of the steel flux return of the 4 T solenoid of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector under construction at CERN (European Center for Nuclear Research). This steel also serves as part of the muon detection system of CMS and accurate characterization of the magnetic flux density in the steel as elsewhere in the detector is required. Voltages induced in the flux loops during fast discharge of the solenoid will be sampled and integrated to measure the change in average flux density in the steel during the discharge. Hall probes mounted on the surface of the steel segments will provide information about the fields internal and external to the steel. In the laboratory work reported herein small iron discs with flux loops on their peripheries and hall probes on their flat surfaces are magnetized between the pole tips of a laboratory standard magnet and controlled power supply. The voltages induced in the flux loops during charging and discharging of the magnet are integrated and compared with the hall probes which sample the fields immediately external to the discs. The experimental work reported here will provide interpretation of the flux coil and hall probe measurements from the CMS magnet when it is commissioned in 2005. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - STEEL
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 16274854; Smith, R. P. 1; Email Address: rpsmith@fnal.gov Campi, D. 2 Curé, B. Gaddi, A. 2; Email Address: firstname.lastname@cern.ch Gerwig, H. 2; Email Address: firstname.lastname@cern.ch Grillet, J.-P. 2; Email Address: firstname.lastname@cern.ch Hervé, A. 2; Email Address: firstname.lastname@cern.ch Klyukhin, V. I. 3; Email Address: vyacheslav.klyukin@cern.ch Loveless, R. 4; Email Address: loveless@hep.physics.wisc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA  2: CERN, the European Center for Nuclear Research, CH 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  3: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscuow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia and at the CERN Laboratory  4: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1830; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TASC.2004.830873
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16274854&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, J. Torquil
AU  - Morrison, H. Frank
T1  - Estimating Equivalent Dipole Polarizabilities for the Inductive Response of Isolated Conductive Bodies.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1208
EP  - 1214
SN  - 01962892
AB  - Away from a conductive body, secondary magnetic fields due to currents induced in the body by a time-varying external magnetic field are approximated by (equivalent) magnetic dipole fields. Approximating the external magnetic field by its value at the location of the equivalent magnetic dipoles, the equivalent magnetic dipoles' strengths are linearly proportional to the external magnetic field, for a given time dependence of external magnetic field, and are given by the equivalent dipole polarizability matrix. The polarizability matrix and its associated equivalent dipole location are estimated from magnetic field measurements made with at least three linearly independent polarizations of external magnetic fields at the body. Uncertainties in the polarizability matrix elements and its equivalent dipole location are obtained from analysis of a linearized inversion for polarizability and dipole location. Polarizability matrix uncertainties are independent of the scale of the polarizability matrix. Dipole location uncertainties scale inversely with the scale of the polarizability matrix. Uncertainties in principal polarizabilities and directions are obtained from the sensitivities of eigenvectors and eigenvalues to perturbations of a symmetric matrix. In application to synthetic data from a magnetic conducting sphere and to synthetic data from an axially symmetric elliptic conducting body, the estimated polarizability matrices, equivalent dipole locations, and principal polarizabilities and directions are consistent with their estimated uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - DIPOLE antennas
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC induction
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - UNEXPLODED ordnance
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - Dipole polarizabilities
KW  - electromagnetic induction
KW  - unexploded ordnance (UXO)
N1  - Accession Number: 13613061; Smith, J. Torquil 1 Morrison, H. Frank 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p1208; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: DIPOLE antennas; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: UNEXPLODED ordnance; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipole polarizabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: unexploded ordnance (UXO); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TGRS.2004.826789
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13613061&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, J. Torquil
AU  - Morrison, H. Frank
AU  - Becker, Alex
T1  - Resolution Depths for some Transmitter-Receiver Configurations.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1215
EP  - 1221
SN  - 01962892
AB  - Equivalent dipole polarizability matrices and equivalent dipole location are a convenient way to interpret magnetic field data due to currents induced in isolated conductive objects. The uncertainties in polarizability estimates and in the equivalent dipole location provide a quantitative measure of the performance of different configurations of transmitters and receivers. In another paper, we estimate these uncertainties using a linearized inversion. For many systems, consisting of one or more rectangular loop transmitters and a number of dipole receivers, sited on a horizontal grid, equivalent dipole depth is determined to 10% accuracy to depths approximately 20% deeper than the depths at which polarizability matrix elements can be determined to the same precision. Systems that have a lower product of rms polarizability uncertainty and square root of their number of transmitter-receiver pairs are considered more effective for the number of transmitter-receiver pairs. Among the systems studied, a system with three orthogonal transmitter loops and a three-component receiver is the most effective, for objects shallower than 0.6 times the instrument siting grid spacing, yielding an rms polarizability uncertainty 0,04 times that of a single-transmitter single-receiver system. At intermediate depths, a system with two vertical component receivers on the diagonal of a square horizontal transmitter loop is most effective for its number of transmitter-receiver pairs, yielding an rms polarizability uncertainty 0.07 limes that of a single receiver system. At depths greater than 2.5 times, the siting grid spacing a three-orthogonal loop transmitter with a single vertical component receiver is about the most effective for its number of transmitter-receiver pairs, yielding an rms polarizability uncertainty 0.08 limes that of a single-transmitter system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO transmitter-receivers
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC induction
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - UNEXPLODED ordnance
KW  - MILITARY weapons
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - Dipole polarizabilities
KW  - electromagnetic induction
KW  - unexploded ordnance
N1  - Accession Number: 13613062; Smith, J. Torquil 1 Morrison, H. Frank 1 Becker, Alex 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p1215; Subject Term: RADIO transmitter-receivers; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: UNEXPLODED ordnance; Subject Term: MILITARY weapons; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipole polarizabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic induction; Author-Supplied Keyword: unexploded ordnance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TGRS.2004.826788
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13613062&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Qishi
AU  - Rao, Nageswara S.V.
AU  - Barhen, Jacob
AU  - Iyengar, S. Sitharama
AU  - Vaishnavi, Vijay K.
AU  - Qi, Hairong
AU  - Chakrabarty, Krishnendu
T1  - On Computing Mobile Agent Routes for Data Fusion in  Distributed Sensor Networks.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 740
EP  - 753
SN  - 10414347
AB  - The problem of computing a route for a mobile agent that incrementally fuses the data as it visits the nodes in a distributed sensor network is considered. The order of nodes visited along the route has a significant impact on the quality and cost of fused data, which, in turn, impacts the main objective of the sensor network, such as target classification or tracking. We present a simplified analytical model for a distributed sensor network and formulate the route computation problem in terms of maximizing an objective function, which is directly proportional to the received signal strength and inversely proportional to the path loss and energy consumption. We show this problem to be NP-complete and propose a genetic algorithm to compute an approximate solution by suitably employing a two-level encoding scheme and genetic operators tailored to the objective function We present simulation results for networks with different node sizes and sensor distributions, which demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithm over two existing heuristics, namely, local closest first and global closest first methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - COMBINATORIAL optimization
KW  - MOBILE agents (Computer software)
KW  - INTELLIGENT agents (Computer software)
KW  - SENSOR networks
KW  - MULTISENSOR data fusion
KW  - distributed sensor networks.
KW  - Genetic algorithms
KW  - mobile agents
N1  - Accession Number: 13353097; Wu, Qishi 1; Email Address: wuqu@ornl.gov Rao, Nageswara S.V. 1; Email Address: raons@ornl.gov Barhen, Jacob 1; Email Address: barheni@ornl.gov Iyengar, S. Sitharama 2; Email Address: iyengar@bit.csc.lsu.edu Vaishnavi, Vijay K. 3; Email Address: vvaishna@gsu.edu Qi, Hairong 4; Email Address: hqi@utk.edu Chakrabarty, Krishnendu 5; Email Address: krish@ee.duke.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, PO Box 2008, MS-6016, Oak Ridge, TN 37837-6016.  2: Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803.  3: Department of Computer Information Systems, Georgia State University, PO Box 4015, Atlanta, GA 30302-4015.  4: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996.  5: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Box 90291, 130 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p740; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL optimization; Subject Term: MOBILE agents (Computer software); Subject Term: INTELLIGENT agents (Computer software); Subject Term: SENSOR networks; Subject Term: MULTISENSOR data fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed sensor networks.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: mobile agents; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13353097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herskovits, Edward H.
AU  - Peng, Hanchuan
AU  - Davatzikos, Christos
T1  - A Bayesian Morphometry Algorithm.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 23
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 723
EP  - 737
SN  - 02780062
AB  - Most methods for structure-function analysis of the brain in medical images are usually based on voxel-wise statistical tests performed on registered magnetic resonance (MR) images across subjects. A major drawback of such methods is the inability to accurately locate regions that manifest nonlinear associations with clinical variables. In this paper, we propose Bayesian morphological analysis methods, based on a Bayesian-network representation, for the analysis of MR brain images. First, we describe how Bayesian networks (BNs) can represent probabilistic associations among voxels and clinical (function) variables. Second, we present a model-selection framework, which generates a BN that captures structure-function relationships from MR brain images and function variables. We demonstrate our methods in the context of determining associations between regional brain atrophy (as demonstrated on MR images of the brain), and functional deficits. We employ two data sets for this evaluation: the first contains MR images of 11 subjects, where associations between regional atrophy and a functional deficit are almost linear; the second data set contains MR images of the ventricles of 84 subjects, where the structure-function association is nonlinear. Our methods successfully identify voxel-wise morphological changes that are associated with functional deficits in both data sets, whereas standard statistical analysis (i.e., t-test and paired t-test) fails in the nonlinear-association case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - BRAIN diseases -- Diagnosis
KW  - BRAIN -- Radiography
KW  - Bayes procedures
KW  - Bayesian network
KW  - computational anatomy
KW  - image analysis
KW  - image classification
KW  - morphology- function analysis
KW  - voxel-based morphometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13484734; Herskovits, Edward H. 1; Email Address: ehh@ieee.org Peng, Hanchuan 2; Email Address: hpeng@lbl.gov Davatzikos, Christos 3; Email Address: christos@rad.upenn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Market Street, Suite 370, Room 117, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.  3: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. PA 19104 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 23 Issue 6, p723; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: BRAIN diseases -- Diagnosis; Subject Term: BRAIN -- Radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayes procedures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayesian network; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational anatomy; Author-Supplied Keyword: image analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: image classification; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology- function analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: voxel-based morphometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMI.2004.826949
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13484734&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoshioka, T.
AU  - Nomachi, M.
AU  - Artamanov, A.
AU  - Bhuyan, B.
AU  - Frank, J. S.
AU  - Fujiwara, T.
AU  - Higa, K.
AU  - Kettell, S. H.
AU  - Komatsubara, T. K.
AU  - Konaka, A.
AU  - Kozjevnikov, A.
AU  - Kushnirenko, A.
AU  - Muramatsu, N.
AU  - Nakano, T.
AU  - Nomura, T.
AU  - Petrenko, S.
AU  - Poutissou, R.
AU  - Redlinger, G.
AU  - Sekiguchi, T.
AU  - Shinkawa, R.
T1  - Upgrade of the Level-0 Trigger System for BNL-E949.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
EP  - 339
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new programmable trigger board and digital mean-timer modules using complex programmable logic device have been introduced to the trigger system of the BNL-E949 experiment. The online dead time was reduced from 4.0% to 1.7% by introducing an on-chip prescaler to the programmable trigger board. The acceptance loss of the online photon veto was reduced from 4.9% to 1.8% by introducing the mean-timer modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays
KW  - Trigger circuits
KW  - Programmable logic devices
KW  - Photons
KW  - Modules (Algebra)
KW  - Electronic circuits
KW  - Complex programmable logic device (CPLD)
KW  - field-programmable gate array (FPGA)
KW  - mean-timer
KW  - trigger.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163677; Yoshioka, T. 1; Email Address: tyosioka@post.kek.jp; Nomachi, M. 2; Artamanov, A. 3; Bhuyan, B. 4; Frank, J. S. 5; Fujiwara, T. 6; Higa, K. 2; Kettell, S. H. 5; Komatsubara, T. K. 1; Konaka, A. 6; Kozjevnikov, A. 3; Kushnirenko, A. 7; Muramatsu, N. 8; Nakano, T. 1,9; Nomura, T. 5; Petrenko, S. 3; Poutissou, R. 6; Redlinger, G. 5; Sekiguchi, T. 10; Shinkawa, R. 1; Affiliations: 1: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.; 2: Osaka University Laboratory for Nuclear Studies (OULNS), Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan.; 3: Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP), Protvino, Moscow 142284, Russia.; 4: National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 5: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.; 7: TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.; 8: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 9: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.; 10: Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p334; Subject Term: Field programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: Trigger circuits; Subject Term: Programmable logic devices; Subject Term: Photons; Subject Term: Modules (Algebra); Subject Term: Electronic circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex programmable logic device (CPLD); Author-Supplied Keyword: field-programmable gate array (FPGA); Author-Supplied Keyword: mean-timer; Author-Supplied Keyword: trigger.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109rFNS.2004.828867
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14163677&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abolins, M.
AU  - Ban, J.
AU  - Bystricky, J.
AU  - Calvet, D.
AU  - Chapin, D.
AU  - Edmunds, D.
AU  - Evans, H.
AU  - Han, L.
AU  - Heintz, U.
AU  - Hildreth, M.
AU  - Hirosky, R.
AU  - Johns, K.
AU  - Johnson, M.
AU  - Laurens, P.
AU  - Le Dû, P.
AU  - Mitrevski, J.
AU  - Narain, M.
AU  - Olsen, J.
AU  - Padley, P.
AU  - Parsons, J.
T1  - The Run IIb Trigger Upgrade for the DØ Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
EP  - 344
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The increase in instantaneous luminosity anticipated in Run IIb of the Tevatron collider at Fermilab requires increased background rejection capabilities from the trigger system of the Dø detector. A set of upgrades is under way to improve triggering at level 1 in the calorimeter and tracker, and at level 2 in the silicon track trigger and software triggers. Reductions of up to a factor of ten on the rates of high transverse momentum triggers are anticipated with the upgrades described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays
KW  - Calorimeters
KW  - Hadrons
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Temperature measuring instruments
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Clustering methods
KW  - digital filters
KW  - field programmable gate arrays
KW  - hadrons
KW  - particle collisions
KW  - tracking
KW  - triggering.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163678; Abolins, M. 1; Email Address: abolins@pa.msu.edu; Ban, J. 2; Email Address: ban@nevis.columbia.edu; Bystricky, J. 3; Email Address: bystri@hep.saclay.cea.fr; Calvet, D. 4; Email Address: calvet@hep.saclay.cea.fr; Chapin, D. 5; Email Address: dpchapin@fnal.gov; Edmunds, D. 1; Email Address: edmunds@pa.msu.edu; Evans, H. 2; Email Address: evans@nevis.columbia.edu; Han, L. 6; Email Address: hanl@fnal.gov; Heintz, U. 7; Email Address: heintz@bu.edu; Hildreth, M. 8; Email Address: mikeh@fnal.gov; Hirosky, R. 9; Email Address: hirosky@virginia.edu; Johns, K. 10; Email Address: johns@fnal.gov; Johnson, M. 11; Email Address: mjohnson@fnal.gov; Laurens, P. 1; Email Address: laurens@pa.msu.edu; Le Dû, P. 4; Email Address: ledu@hep.saclay.cea.fr; Mitrevski, J. 2; Email Address: jmitrevs@nevis.columbia.edu; Narain, M. 7; Email Address: narain@bu.edu; Olsen, J. 11; Email Address: jamieson@fnal.gov; Padley, P. 12; Email Address: padley@phsyics.rice.edu; Parsons, J. 2; Email Address: parsons@nevis.columbia.edu; Affiliations: 1: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA; 2: Nevis - Labs, Columbia University, NY 10027 USA.; 3: Centre National de Ia Recherçhe Scientifique, CEA, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.; 4: Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.; 5: Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA.; 6: University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K.; 7: Boston University, Boston, MA 02115 USA.; 8: University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556 USA.; 9: University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.; 10: University of Arizona, Theson, AZ 85721 USA.; 11: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60501 USA.; 12: Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p340; Subject Term: Field programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: Calorimeters; Subject Term: Hadrons; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Temperature measuring instruments; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Clustering methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: digital filters; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate arrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: hadrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle collisions; Author-Supplied Keyword: tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.828811
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14163678&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olsen, Jamieson
AU  - Anderson, John
AU  - Angstadt, Robert
AU  - Babukhadia, Levan
AU  - Bhauacharjee, Mrinmoy
AU  - Blazey, Gerald
AU  - Borcherding, Fred
AU  - Connolly, Brian
AU  - Cooke, Michael
AU  - Desai, Satish
AU  - Evans, David
AU  - Grannis, Paul
AU  - Grilnendahl, Stefan
AU  - Hu, Yuan
AU  - Jam, Vivek
AU  - Johnson, Marvin
AU  - Linn, Stephan
AU  - Lizarazo, Juan
AU  - Maravin, Yurii
AU  - Martin, Manuel
T1  - The DØ Central Track Trigger.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 350
SN  - 00189499
AB  - An overview of the system architecture and algorithms used for the Dø Central Track Trigger (CTT) in the Run 2 of the Fermilab Tevatron Proton-Antiproton Collider is presented. This system uses information from the newly commissioned Central Fiber Tracker and Preshower Detectors to generate Level 1 trigger decisions. It also generates lists of seed tracks and preshower clusters that are sent to the Level 1 Muon Trigger, L2 Silicon Track Trigger, and Central and Forward Preshower Level 2 preprocessors. The system consists of modular boards which utilize field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to implement trigger algorithms. The system delivers trigger decisions every 132 ns, based on input data flowing at a maximum sustained rate of 475 gigabits per second. The first results of trigger efficiency studies are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays
KW  - Proton-antiproton interactions
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Computer programming
KW  - Protons
KW  - Programmable logic devices
N1  - Accession Number: 14163679; Olsen, Jamieson 1; Email Address: jamieson@fnal.gov; Anderson, John 1; Angstadt, Robert 1; Babukhadia, Levan 2; Bhauacharjee, Mrinmoy 2; Blazey, Gerald 3; Borcherding, Fred 1; Connolly, Brian 4; Cooke, Michael 5; Desai, Satish 2; Evans, David 6; Grannis, Paul 2; Grilnendahl, Stefan 1; Hu, Yuan 2; Jam, Vivek 7; Johnson, Marvin 1; Linn, Stephan 4; Lizarazo, Juan 8; Maravin, Yurii 1; Martin, Manuel 3; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.; 3: NICADDINIU, Northern Illinois University, DeKaib, IL 60115 USA.; 4: Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; 5: Rice University, TW Bonner Nuclear Lab, Houston, TX 77251 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, U.K.; 7: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 8: Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p345; Subject Term: Field programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: Proton-antiproton interactions; Subject Term: Algorithms; Subject Term: Computer programming; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Programmable logic devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541519 Other Computer Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.828703
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14163679&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Annovi, Alberto
AU  - Bardi, Antonio
AU  - Campanelli, Mario
AU  - Carosi, Roberto
AU  - Catastini, Pierluigi
AU  - Cavasinni, Vincenzo
AU  - Cern, Alessandro
AU  - Clarri, Allan
AU  - Dell'Orso, Mauro
AU  - Del Prete, Tarcisio
AU  - Dotti, Andrea
AU  - Fern, Giampiero
AU  - Giagu, Stefano
AU  - Giannetti, Paola
AU  - Lannaccone, Giuseppe
AU  - La Malfa, Michele
AU  - Morsani, Fabio
AU  - Punzi, Giovanni
AU  - Rescigno, Marco
AU  - Roda, Chiara
T1  - Hadron Collider Triggers With High-Quality Tracking at Very High Event Rates.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 400
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We propose precise and fast-track reconstruction at hadron collider experiments, for use in online trigger decisions. We describe the features of fast-track (FTK), a highly parallel processor dedicated to the efficient execution of a fast-tracking algorithm. The hardware-dedicated structure optimizes speed and size; these parameters are evaluated for the ATLAS experiment. We discuss some applications of high-quality tracks available to the trigger logic at an early stage, by using the LHC environment as a benchmark. The most interesting application is online selection of b-quarks down to very low transverse momentum, providing interesting hadronic samples: examples are Z0 → &bbar;, potentially useful for jet calibration, and multi-b final states for supersymmetric Higgs searches. The paper is generated from outside the ATLAS experiment and has not been discussed by the ATLAS collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hadrons
KW  - Computer algorithms
KW  - Database management
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Information storage & retrieval systems
KW  - Parallel processing
KW  - particle tracking
KW  - pattern matching
KW  - triggering
KW  - very large scale integration.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163686; Annovi, Alberto 1; Email Address: alberto.annovi@pi.infn.it; Bardi, Antonio 2; Email Address: antonio.bardi@pi.infn.it; Campanelli, Mario 3; Email Address: mario.campanelli@mail.cem.ch; Carosi, Roberto 2; Email Address: roberto.carosi@pi.infn.it; Catastini, Pierluigi 1; Email Address: pierluigi.catastini@pi.infn.it; Cavasinni, Vincenzo 1; Email Address: vincenzo.cavasinni@pi.infn.it; Cern, Alessandro 3; Email Address: allan.clark@mail.cem.ch; Clarri, Allan 4; Email Address: acerri@lbl.gov; Dell'Orso, Mauro 1; Email Address: mauro.dellorso@pl.infn.it; Del Prete, Tarcisio 2; Email Address: tarcisio.delprete@pi.infn.it; Dotti, Andrea 1; Email Address: andrea.dotti@pi.infn.it; Fern, Giampiero 1; Email Address: giampiero.ferri@pi.infn.it; Giagu, Stefano 5; Email Address: stefano.giagu@romal.infn.it; Giannetti, Paola 2; Email Address: paola.giannetti@pi.infn.it; Lannaccone, Giuseppe 5; Email Address: giannaccone@iet.unipi.it; La Malfa, Michele 6; Email Address: michele.lamalfa@pi.infn.it; Morsani, Fabio 2; Email Address: fabio.morsani@pi.infn.it; Punzi, Giovanni 7; Email Address: giovanni.punzi@pi.infn.it; Rescigno, Marco 8; Email Address: shochet@hep.uchicago.edu; Roda, Chiara 9; Email Address: chiara.roda@pi.infn.it; Affiliations: 1: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; 2: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Pisa, Italy.; 3: Departement de Physique Nucleaire et Corpuscolaire, Université de Genève, CH-121 1 Genève, Switzerland.; 4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 5: Dipartimento di Fisica, La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.; 6: Enrico Fermi Institute and the Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.; 7: Dipartimento di Ingegneria deli' Informazione, Univer- sità di Pisa, 1-56 126 Nsa, Italy.; 8: Scuola Normale, 56126 Pisa, italy.; 9: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleate, Pisa, Italy, and also with the Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p391; Subject Term: Hadrons; Subject Term: Computer algorithms; Subject Term: Database management; Subject Term: Algorithms; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Information storage & retrieval systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: pattern matching; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering; Author-Supplied Keyword: very large scale integration.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11 09/TNS.2004.828639
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14163686&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Angstadt, R.
AU  - Brooijmans, G.
AU  - Chapin, D.
AU  - Clements, M.
AU  - Cutts, D.
AU  - Haas, A.
AU  - Hauser, R.
AU  - Johnson, M.
AU  - Kulyavtsev, A.
AU  - Mattingly, S. E. K.
AU  - Mulders, M.
AU  - Padley, P.
AU  - Petravick, D.
AU  - Rechenmacher, R.
AU  - Snyder, S.
AU  - Watts, G.
T1  - The DZERO Level 3 Data Acquisition System.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 450
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The DZERO experiment began RunII data taking operation at Fermilab in spring 2001. The physics program of the experiment requires the Level 3 data acquisition (DAQ) system system to handle average event sizes of 250 kilobytes at a rate of 1 kHz. The system routes and transfers event fragments of approximately 1-20 kilobytes from 63 VME crate sources to any of approximately 100 processing nodes. It is built upon a Cisco 6509 Ethernet switch, standard PCs, and commodity VME single board computers (SBCs). The system has been in full operation since spring 2002. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ethernet (Local area network system)
KW  - VME (Computer bus)
KW  - Data transmission systems
KW  - Personal computers
KW  - Local area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - Computers
KW  - Computer networks
KW  - data acquisition
KW  - monitoring
KW  - physics
KW  - triggering.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163694; Angstadt, R. 1; Brooijmans, G. 1; Chapin, D. 2; Email Address: chapin@hep.brown.edu; Clements, M. 2; Cutts, D. 2; Haas, A. 3; Hauser, R. 4; Johnson, M. 1; Kulyavtsev, A. 1; Mattingly, S. E. K. 2; Mulders, M. 3; Padley, P. 3; Petravick, D. 1; Rechenmacher, R. 1; Snyder, S. 5; Watts, G. 3; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA.; 3: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.; 4: Michigan State University, Easst Lansing, MI 48824 USA. P. Padley is with Rice University, Houstaon, TX 77251 USA.; 5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p445; Subject Term: Ethernet (Local area network system); Subject Term: VME (Computer bus); Subject Term: Data transmission systems; Subject Term: Personal computers; Subject Term: Local area networks (Computer networks); Subject Term: Computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.828785
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14163694&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belias, A.
AU  - Crone, G. J.
AU  - Harris, E. Falk
AU  - Howcroft, C.
AU  - Madani, S.
AU  - Nicholls, T. C.
AU  - Pearce, G. F.
AU  - Reyna, D. E.
AU  - Tagg, N.
AU  - Thomson, M. A.
T1  - The MINOS Data Acquisition System.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
EP  - 455
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The MINOS long-baseline neutrino experiment consists of two detectors separated by 730 km. Both are equipped with identical data acquisition (DAQ) systems, based on continuous, dead time free readout. Data are read from the untriggered front-end electronics by VME single board computers and transferred across high-speed PCI data links for consolidation by data routing processors. An array of Linux computers selects events of interest using software-based trigger algorithms. We present the design of the DAQ system and report on experience gathered during early operation of the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Physical sciences
KW  - Neutrinos
KW  - Computer algorithms
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Computers
KW  - Leptons (Nuclear physics)
KW  - computer networks
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - data buses
KW  - programming.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163695; Belias, A. 1; Crone, G. J. 2; Harris, E. Falk 3; Howcroft, C. 4; Madani, S. 1; Nicholls, T. C. 1; Email Address: t.c.nicholls@rl.ac.uk; Pearce, G. F. 1; Reyna, D. E. 5; Tagg, N. 6; Thomson, M. A. 4; Affiliations: 1: CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX1 1 OQX, U.K.; 2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 68T, U.K.; 3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton, EN1 9QJ, U.K.; 4: Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 OHE, U.K.; 5: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, U.K.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p451; Thesaurus Term: Physical sciences; Subject Term: Neutrinos; Subject Term: Computer algorithms; Subject Term: Electronics; Subject Term: Computers; Subject Term: Leptons (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: computer networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: data buses; Author-Supplied Keyword: programming.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.8285 18
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14163695&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LeVine, Micheal J.
AU  - Stancu, S.
AU  - Haeberli, Christian
AU  - Tremblet, L.
AU  - Beuran, R.
AU  - Meirosu, C.
AU  - Dobinson, R. W.
AU  - Martin, B.
AU  - Knezo, E.
AU  - Beck, Hans Peter
AU  - Hauser, Reiner
AU  - Botterill, D.
T1  - Validation of the Atlas Trigger/Daq Network Architecture Using Hardware Data Emulators.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 544
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Hardware data emulators are used to deploy a large- scale model of the ATLAS data acquisition architecture. The emulators, based on FPGAs and on the Alteon gigabit Ethernet NIC, are described, and their performance determined. The emulators are used in the large-scale test bed; sample results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATLAS (Computer program language)
KW  - Ethernet (Local area network system)
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays
KW  - Data transmission systems
KW  - Automatic test equipment
KW  - Local area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - emulators
KW  - Ethernet
KW  - networks.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163710; LeVine, Micheal J. 1; Email Address: levine@bnl.gov; Stancu, S. 2; Haeberli, Christian 3; Tremblet, L. 4; Beuran, R. 2; Meirosu, C. 2; Dobinson, R. W. 4; Martin, B. 4; Knezo, E. 4; Beck, Hans Peter 3; Hauser, Reiner 5; Botterill, D. 6; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: CERN, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland, and the "Politehnica" University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Rumania.; 3: Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.; 4: CERN, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; 5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823 USA.; 6: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, U.K.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p539; Subject Term: ATLAS (Computer program language); Subject Term: Ethernet (Local area network system); Subject Term: Field programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: Data transmission systems; Subject Term: Automatic test equipment; Subject Term: Local area networks (Computer networks); Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: emulators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethernet; Author-Supplied Keyword: networks.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 109/TNS.2004.829381
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14163710&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christian Haeberli
AU  - Andre Dos Anjos
AU  - Hans Peter Beck
AU  - Andre Bogaerts
AU  - David Botterill
AU  - Szymon Gadomski
AU  - Piotr Golonka
AU  - Reiner Hauser
AU  - Micheal J. Levine
AU  - Remigius Mommsen
AU  - Valena Perez Reale
AU  - Stefan Nicolae Stancu
AU  - Jim Schiereth
AU  - Per Werner
AU  - Fred Wickens
AU  - Haimo Zobernig
T1  - ATLAS TDAQ DataCollection Software.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 585
EP  - 590
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The DataCollection (DC) is a subsystem of the ATLAS Trigger and DAQ system. It is responsible for the movement of event dab from the ReadOut subsystem to the Second Level Trigger and to the Event Filter. This functionality is distributed on several software applications running on Linux PCs interconnected with Gigabit Ethernet. For the design and implementation of these applications a common approach has been adopted. This approach leads to the design and implementation of a common DC software framework providing a suite of common senrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATLAS (Computer program language)
KW  - Ethernet (Local area network system)
KW  - Database management
KW  - Data transmission systems
KW  - Automatic test equipment
KW  - Local area networks (Computer networks)
KW  - ATLAS
KW  - Dataflow
KW  - Event Filter
KW  - Large Hardron Collider (LHC)
KW  - object oriented application framework
KW  - Second Level Trigger
KW  - TDAQ.
N1  - Accession Number: 14163718; Christian Haeberli 1; Email Address: christian.haeberli@cern.ch; Andre Dos Anjos 2; Hans Peter Beck 1; Andre Bogaerts 3; David Botterill 4; Szymon Gadomski 1; Piotr Golonka 3; Reiner Hauser 5; Micheal J. Levine 6; Remigius Mommsen 7; Valena Perez Reale 1; Stefan Nicolae Stancu 3; Jim Schiereth 8; Per Werner 3; Fred Wickens 4; Haimo Zobernig 9; Affiliations: 1: Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.; 2: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, COPPEIEE, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; 3: CERN, CH-121 1 Geneva 23, Switzerland.; 4: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX1OQX, U.K.; 5: Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.; 6: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 7: University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.; 8: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; 9: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p585; Subject Term: ATLAS (Computer program language); Subject Term: Ethernet (Local area network system); Subject Term: Database management; Subject Term: Data transmission systems; Subject Term: Automatic test equipment; Subject Term: Local area networks (Computer networks); Author-Supplied Keyword: ATLAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dataflow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Event Filter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large Hardron Collider (LHC); Author-Supplied Keyword: object oriented application framework; Author-Supplied Keyword: Second Level Trigger; Author-Supplied Keyword: TDAQ.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.828601
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14163718&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharjee, Sudeep
AU  - Booske, John H.
AU  - Kory, Carol L.
AU  - van der Weide, Dan W.
AU  - Limbach, Steve
AU  - Gallagher, S.
AU  - Welter, John D.
AU  - Lopez, Mike R.
AU  - Gilgenbach, Ronald M.
AU  - Ives, R. Lawrence
AU  - Read, Michael E.
AU  - Divan, Ralu
AU  - Mancini, D. C.
T1  - Folded Waveguide Traveling-Wave Tube Sources for Terahertz Radiation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1002
EP  - 1014
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Microfabricated folded waveguide traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) are potential compact sources of wide-band, high-power terahertz radiation. We present feasibility studies of an oscillator concept using an amplifier with delayed feedback. Simulations of a 560-GHz oscillator and experimental evaluation of the concept at 50 GHz are presented. Additionally, results from various fabrication methods that are under investigation, such as X-ray lithography, electroforming, and molding (LIGA), UV LIGA, and deep reactive ion etching are presented. Observations and measurements are reported on the generation of stable single-frequency oscillation states. On varying the feedback level, the oscillation changes from a stable single-frequency state at the threshold to multifrequency spectra in the overdriven state. Simulation and experimental results on amplifier characterization and dynamics of the regenerative TWT oscillator include spectral evolution and phase stability of the generated frequencies. The results of the experiment are in good agreement with the simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRAVELING-wave tubes
KW  - PLASMA waveguides
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - VACUUM-tube amplifiers
KW  - X-ray lithography
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14268230; Bhattacharjee, Sudeep 1; Email Address: sudeepb@ece.wisc.edu Booske, John H. 1 Kory, Carol L. 2 van der Weide, Dan W. 1 Limbach, Steve 1 Gallagher, S. 1 Welter, John D. 1 Lopez, Mike R. 3 Gilgenbach, Ronald M. 3 Ives, R. Lawrence 4 Read, Michael E. 4 Divan, Ralu 5 Mancini, D. C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.  2: Analex Corporation, NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.  3: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml 48105 USA.  4: Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., Saratoga, CA 95070 USA.  5: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1002; Subject Term: TRAVELING-wave tubes; Subject Term: PLASMA waveguides; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: VACUUM-tube amplifiers; Subject Term: X-ray lithography; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.828886
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14268230&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chia-Lie Chang
AU  - Antonsen Jr., Thomas M.
AU  - Chernin, David P.
AU  - Levush, Baruch
AU  - Nelson, Eric M.
AU  - Petillo, John J.
AU  - Whaley, David R.
T1  - Calculation of DC Space-Charge Fields in a Traveling-Wave Amplifier in the Large Signal Regime.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1028
EP  - 1039
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A fully two-dimensional (2-D) de space charge model has been implemented in a large-signal traveling-wave amplifier code. The simulation algorithm takes an iterative approach by alternately solving the Poisson equation and the beam trajectory equations to converge toward a self-consistent steady-state solution. This approach is similar to that employed in steady-state gun codes. However, it is well known from gun simulations that the iterative algorithm can be slow to converge. We have found the slow convergence is due to a convective numerical instability. To speed up convergence, we implemented and tested stabilization schemes based on mixing one-dimensional and 2-D Poisson potentials during the iteration cycles. These schemes are shown to accelerate convergence considerably. The fully 2-D dc space-charge model permits accurate treatment of the axial dc space-charge field in the computation of the large signal gain and efficiency, taking into account the fast variation of beam parameters along the device axis. Therefore, it can be applied to a mismatched beam with large scalloping motion. The methodology of incorporating dc space charge is general and could be incorporated in other large signal codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - TRAVELING-wave amplifiers
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - POISSON'S equation
KW  - CODING theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14268232; Chia-Lie Chang 1; Email Address: changc@saic.com Antonsen Jr., Thomas M. 2 Chernin, David P. 1 Levush, Baruch 3 Nelson, Eric M. 4 Petillo, John J. 5 Whaley, David R. 6; Affiliation:  1: Science Applications International Corporation. McLean, VA 22012 USA.  2: Departments of Electrical Engineering and Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA.  3: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375 USA.  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  5: Science Applications International Corporation, Burlington, MA 01803 USA.  6: L-3 Communications Corporation, New York, NY 10016 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1028; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: TRAVELING-wave amplifiers; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: POISSON'S equation; Subject Term: CODING theory; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wöhlbier, John G.
AU  - Booske, John H.
AU  - Dobson, Ian
T1  - On the Physics of Harmonic Injection in a Traveling Wave Tube.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
EP  - 1085
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The physics of signal injection to shape the output spectrum in a traveling wave tube (TWT) is studied using an analytic solution to the approximate nonlinear S-MUSE model and with the large signal code LATTE. The results verify the long-standing conjecture that a frequency canceled by signal injection is composed of a component due to the injected signal and a component due to the nonlinearity of the TWT. Further- more, the structures of the solutions are exploited to explain and predict behavior for various signal injection schemes. The scenarios studied include second harmonic injection to reduce the second harmonic and enhance the fundamental, multiple harmonic injection to eliminate the sensitive output power dependence on injected phase, second harmonic injection to reduce intermodulation distortion, and multiple signal injection to reduce the intermodulation spectrum. Insights are given regarding the effectiveness of an injection depending on whether the injected signal is within or outside the linear gain bandwidth of the TWT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRAVELING-wave tubes
KW  - TRAVELING-wave amplifiers
KW  - MICROWAVE tubes
KW  - CODING theory
KW  - CODE generators
KW  - MODULATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14268237; Wöhlbier, John G. 1; Email Address: wohlbier@lanl.gov Booske, John H. 2; Email Address: booske@engr.wisc.edu Dobson, Ian 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1073; Subject Term: TRAVELING-wave tubes; Subject Term: TRAVELING-wave amplifiers; Subject Term: MICROWAVE tubes; Subject Term: CODING theory; Subject Term: CODE generators; Subject Term: MODULATION theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.828820
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14268237&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopez, Mike R.
AU  - Gilgenbach, Ronald M.
AU  - Jones, Michael C.
AU  - White, William M.
AU  - Jordan, David W.
AU  - Johnston, Mark D.
AU  - Strickler, Trevor S.
AU  - Neculaes, V. Bogdan
AU  - Yue Ying Lau
AU  - Spencer, Thomas A.
AU  - Haworth, Michael D.
AU  - Cartwright, Keith L.
AU  - Mardahl, Peter J.
AU  - Luginsland, John W.
AU  - Price, David
T1  - Relativistic Magnetron Driven by a Microsecond B-Beam Accelerator With a Ceramic Insulator.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1171
EP  - 1180
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Relativistic magnetron experiments performed on a six-cavity device have generated over 300 MW total microwave power near 1 GHz. These experiments were driven by the long- pulse electron beam from an accelerator with parameters as follows: voltage of -300 kV, current of 1-JO kA, and typical pulse-length of 0.5 μs. This paper reports investigations of high-power microwave generation, mode competition, and pulse shortening for the relativistic magnetron with a ceramic insulator compared to a plastic insulator. The ceramic insulator improves the vacuum by a factor of ten (to 107 torr range) and flattens the voltage of the accelerator. Relativistic magnetron performance with the ceramic insulator shows increased microwave power and pulselength over the plastic insulator. Effects of RF breakdown in the extraction wave- guide on peak microwave power and pulselength are also investigated by utilizing SF6 in one or both of the extraction waveguides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - GYRATORS
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - MICROWAVE transmission lines
KW  - RADIO technology -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 14268247; Lopez, Mike R. 1 Gilgenbach, Ronald M. 2; Email Address: rongilg@umich.edu Jones, Michael C. 2 White, William M. 2 Jordan, David W. 2 Johnston, Mark D. 2 Strickler, Trevor S. 2 Neculaes, V. Bogdan 2 Yue Ying Lau 2 Spencer, Thomas A. 3 Haworth, Michael D. 3 Cartwright, Keith L. 3 Mardahl, Peter J. 3 Luginsland, John W. 4 Price, David 5; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 7l85-1193 USA.  2: Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Ml 48 109-2104 USA.  3: Air Force Research Laboratory, Phillips Site, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117-5776 USA.  4: Numerex, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.  5: Titan Corporation, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1171; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: GYRATORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: MICROWAVE transmission lines; Subject Term: RADIO technology -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.828898
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14268247&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, Eric M.
AU  - Petillo, John J.
T1  - An Analysis of the Basic Space-Charge-Limited Emission Algorithm in a Finite-Element Electrostatic Gun Code.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1223
EP  - 1235
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Bean-currents computed with a general-purpose gun code can exhibit puzzling behavior as the mesh is refined. To understand such behavior, we analyze the convergence, with respect to element size, of the basic space-charge-limited (SCL) emission algorithm in a one-dimensional (1-D) finite-element electrostatic gun model. With the current density fixed at the Child's law value, we find that the relative error of the potential at the first vertex adjacent to the cathode does not converge to zero, but rather increases as the mesh is refined. Convergence of the basic SCL emission algorithm, which depends on said error, is due instead to the increasing sensitivity of the potential to the current density. The current density converges slowly from above to the Child's law value, with a maximum error of 2.7 % and ultimately with a sublinear convergence rate of 2/3. Tests on a three-dimensional parallel plate geometry with unstructured meshes of tetrahedral elements demonstrate that in- sight from the 1-D model applies to a general-purpose code. The behavior is similar to the 1-D model, but with a maximum error of 4.3%. Thus, using an unstructured mesh instead of a smooth structured mesh introduces only a modest additional error to the beam current. Based on the analysis of the 1-D model, we present two scaled SCL emission algorithms. The first exhibits linear convergence from below. The second limits the maximum error to 0.9%. Similar scalings can be employed in general-purpose gun codes to improve the accuracy of the computed beam current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - CATHODE ray tubes
KW  - ELECTRON tubes
KW  - CATHODES
N1  - Accession Number: 14268254; Nelson, Eric M. 1; Email Address: enelson@lanl.gov Petillo, John J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: Science Applications International Corporation. Burlington. MA 01803 USA.; Source Info: Jun2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p1223; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: CATHODE ray tubes; Subject Term: ELECTRON tubes; Subject Term: CATHODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.828796
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14268254&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shendell, D. G.
AU  - Winer, A. M.
AU  - Weker, R.
AU  - Colome, S. D.
T1  - Evidence of inadequate ventilation in portable classrooms: results of a pilot study in Los Angeles County.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 154
EP  - 158
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - The prevalence of prefabricated, portable classrooms (portables) for United States public schools has increased; in California, approximately one of three students learn inside portables. Limited research has been conducted on indoor air and environmental quality in American schools, and almost none in portables. Available reports and conference proceedings suggest problems from insufficient ventilation due to poor design, operation, and/or maintenance of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems; most portables have one mechanical, wall-mounted HVAC system. A pilot assessment was conducted in Los Angeles County, including measurements of integrated ventilation rates based on a perfluorocarbon tracer gas technique and continuous monitoring of temperature ( T) and relative humidity (RH). Measured ventilation rates were low [mean school day integrated average 0.8 per hour (range: 0.1–2.9 per hour)]. Compared with relevant standards, results suggested adequate ventilation and associated conditioning of indoor air for occupant comfort were not always provided to these classrooms. Future school studies should include integrated and continuous measurements of T, RH, and ventilation with appropriate tracer gas methods, and other airflow measures. Adequate ventilation has the potential to mitigate concentrations of chemical pollutants, particles, carbon dioxide, and odors in portable and traditional classrooms, which should lead to a reduction in reported health outcomes, e.g., symptoms of ‘sick building syndrome’, allergies, asthma. Investigations of school indoor air and environmental quality should include continuous temperature and relative humidity data with inexpensive instrumentation as indicators of thermal comfort, and techniques to measure ventilation rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PUBLIC schools
KW  - SCHOOLS
KW  - CLASSROOMS
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - HEATING & ventilation industry
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Air exchange rate
KW  - Portable classrooms
KW  - Thermal comfort
KW  - Ventilation
N1  - Accession Number: 12930272; Shendell, D. G. 1,2; Email Address: dgshendell@lbl.gov Winer, A. M. 1 Weker, R. 3 Colome, S. D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences and Engineering Program, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA  2: Indoor Environments Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA  3: Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA  4: Integrated Environmental Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p154; Subject Term: PUBLIC schools; Subject Term: SCHOOLS; Subject Term: CLASSROOMS; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: HEATING & ventilation industry; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air exchange rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Portable classrooms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal comfort; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611110 Elementary and Secondary Schools; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00235.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sangmin Shin
AU  - Choong Cho
AU  - June Koo
AU  - Suk Kim
AU  - Young-Jin Cho
AU  - Sung-Ho Park
AU  - Jung Lee
AU  - Youngsoo Park
AU  - June-Key Lee
AU  - Ji Jo
AU  - Dong Kim
AU  - Tae Noh
AU  - Jong-Gul Yoon
AU  - Bo Kang
T1  - Comparison of Retention Characteristics of Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) Capacitors Fabricated with Noble Metal Electrodes and Their Oxide Electrodes.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 64
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 181
SN  - 10584587
AB  - We compared retention characteristics of Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) capacitors with either noble metal electrodes or their oxide compounds. Very thin PZT films with thickness below 100 nm were deposited by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on Ir bottom electrodes, and Pt, Ir, IrO 2 were covered as top electrodes thereon. The capacitors with IrO 2 top electrodes had the better opposite-state retention performance than those with Pt, Ir top electrodes. Inserting IrO 2 top electrode affected the alleviation of the size effect more in the aged capacitors than in the virgin capacitors. In addition, we also discuss problems of using IrO 2 as a bottom electrode in our PZT capacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEAD
KW  - CAPACITORS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - OXIDE electrodes
KW  - THIN films
KW  - DIELECTRIC devices
KW  - FeRAM
KW  - interface
KW  - Ir
KW  - IrO 2
KW  - IrO2
KW  - noble metal
KW  - oxide electrode
KW  - Pt
KW  - PZT
KW  - retention
N1  - Accession Number: 15631810; Sangmin Shin 1; Email Address: sangmin90.shin@samsung.com Choong Cho 1 June Koo 1 Suk Kim 1 Young-Jin Cho 1 Sung-Ho Park 1 Jung Lee 1 Youngsoo Park 1 June-Key Lee 2 Ji Jo 3 Dong Kim 3 Tae Noh 3 Jong-Gul Yoon 4 Bo Kang 5; Affiliation:  1: Materials & Devices Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon 440-600, Korea.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-Dong, Puk-Gu, Kwangju 500-757, Korea.  3: ReCOE and School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea.  4: Department of Physics, University of Suwon, Kyunggi-do 445-743, Korea.  5: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, NM 87544.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 64 Issue 1, p169; Subject Term: LEAD; Subject Term: CAPACITORS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: OXIDE electrodes; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: DIELECTRIC devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: FeRAM; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ir; Author-Supplied Keyword: IrO 2; Author-Supplied Keyword: IrO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: noble metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxide electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt; Author-Supplied Keyword: PZT; Author-Supplied Keyword: retention; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10584580490894177
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J.
T1  - Biosensor Systems for Homeland Security.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
EP  - 42
SN  - 10648208
AB  - The detection of biological agents is important for minimizing the effects of pathogens that can harm people, livestock, or plants. In addition to pathogens distributed by man, there is a need to detect natural outbreaks. The types of biological agents of concern include bacteria, spores, protozoa, and viruses. From a chemist's viewpoint, pathogens are essentially complex packages of chemicals that are assembled into organized packages with somewhat predictable physical characteristics such as size and shape.
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - PROTOZOA
KW  - BACTERIAL spores
KW  - CHEMICALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13949366; Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J. 1; Email Address: cindy.bruckner-lea@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Staff Scientist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA.; Source Info: Summer2004, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p36; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: PROTOZOA; Subject Term: BACTERIAL spores; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rashkeev, S. N.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Pantelides, S. T.
T1  - HYDROGEN AT THE Si/SiO2 INTERFACE:: FROM ATOMIC-SCALE CALCULATIONS TO ENGINEERING MODELS.
JO  - International Journal of High Speed Electronics & Systems
JF  - International Journal of High Speed Electronics & Systems
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
EP  - 580
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 01291564
AB  - Two contrasting behaviors have been observed for H in Si/SiO2 structures: a) Radiation experiments established that protons released in SiO2 migrate to the Si/SiO2 interface where they induce new defects; b) For oxides exposed first to high-temperature annealing and then to molecular hydrogen, mobile positive charge believed to be protons can be cycled to and from the interface by reversing the oxide electric field. First-principles density functional calculations identify the atomic-scale mechanisms for the two types of behavior and conditions that are necessary for each. Using the results of the atomic-scale calculations we develop a model for enhanced interface-trap formation at low dose rates due to space charge effects in the base oxides of bipolar devices. We find that the hole trapping in the oxide cannot be responsible for all the Enhanced Low-Dose-Rate Sensitivity (ELDRS) effects in SiO2, and the contribution of protons is also essential. The dynamics of interface-trap formation are defined by the relation between the proton mobility (transport time of the protons across the oxide) and the time required for positive-charge buildup near the interface due to trapped holes. The analytically estimated and numerically calculated interface-trap densities are found to be in very good agreement with available experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of High Speed Electronics & Systems is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ENGINEERING models
KW  - MODELS & modelmaking
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - bipolar transistors
KW  - interface phenomena
KW  - radiation effects
KW  - space technology
KW  - space technology.
N1  - Accession Number: 14220412; Rashkeev, S. N. 1 Fleetwood, D. M. 1,2 Schrimpf, R. D. 2 Pantelides, S. T. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.A..  2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.A..  3: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A..; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p575; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ENGINEERING models; Subject Term: MODELS & modelmaking; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: bipolar transistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: space technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: space technology.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aji, Vivek
AU  - Moore, J. E.
AU  - Varma, C. M.
T1  - HIGHER HARMONICS OF ELECTRONIC-VIBRATIONAL COUPLING IN SUBRESONANT AND RESONANT TRANSPORT IN SINGLE-MOLECULE DEVICES.
JO  - International Journal of Nanoscience
JF  - International Journal of Nanoscience
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 264
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0219581X
AB  - Both inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) and phonon subpeaks in resonant tunneling probe electronic-vibrational coupling in electron transport through single molecules. Higher phonon harmonics are often seen in resonant tunneling but not in IETS. For the case of subresonant (a.k.a. "inelastic" or "virtual") electron transport, higher harmonics are shown to be damped by unexpected small factors beyond the powers of electron-vibration coupling constant λ. We calculate explicitly for a standard model the strength of higher harmonics in inelastic transport to understand these additional small factors, which result from an orthogonality constraint. Two mechanisms greatly increase the size of secondary peaks in subresonant transport: coupling between electron transport and spatial motion of the molecule, and the "pumping" of higher vibrational modes of the molecule when vibrational excitations do not completely relax between electron transits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Nanoscience is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - ELECTRON-phonon interactions
KW  - TUNNELING spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - ELECTRIC waves
KW  - electron–phonon coupling
KW  - electron-phonon coupling
KW  - Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14384034; Aji, Vivek 1 Moore, J. E. 1 Varma, C. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Bell Labs Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, p255; Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: ELECTRON-phonon interactions; Subject Term: TUNNELING spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: ELECTRIC waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron–phonon coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron-phonon coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Zbib, Hussein M.
AU  - Khaleel, Moe A.
T1  - Editorial
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 979
SN  - 07496419
N1  - Accession Number: 12234975; Zbib, Hussein M. 1; Email Address: zbib@wsu.edu Khaleel, Moe A. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Pullman 991642920, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p979; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijplas.2003.10.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khan, Shafique M.A.
AU  - Zbib, Hussein M.
AU  - Hughes, Darcy A.
T1  - Modeling planar dislocation boundaries using multi-scale dislocation dynamics plasticity
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1059
SN  - 07496419
AB  - Results pertaining to the formation and dynamics of planar dislocation boundaries in deformed fcc single crystals using a multi-scale analysis are presented. A pure tilt boundary and experimentally observed extended geometrically necessary boundaries (GNBs) are constructed within the representative volume element (RVE) for multi-scale simulations. The model couples discrete dislocation dynamics analysis with continuum finite element to correct for the boundary conditions and image stress. It is shown that the right boundary condition of the RVE is critical in modeling GNBs and their long-range stresses. Effects of various numerical factors such as domain length and mesh sensitivity are also discussed. The effect of changing the spacing between two dislocation boundaries on the self-stress field and the stability, particularly in the space between the two dislocation boundaries, is presented. Relaxed configurations using dislocation dynamics show formation of a uniform network stabilized by formation of junctions and dipoles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL whiskers
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - Dislocation boundaries
KW  - Dislocation dynamics
KW  - Multiscale
KW  - Plasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 12234978; Khan, Shafique M.A. 1; Email Address: smakhan@mme.wsu.edu Zbib, Hussein M. 1 Hughes, Darcy A. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA  2: Center for Materials and Engineering Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p1059; Subject Term: CRYSTAL whiskers; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiscale; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasticity; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijplas.2003.10.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, K.I.
AU  - N. Nguyen, B.
AU  - Davies, R.W.
AU  - Grant, G.J.
AU  - Khaleel, M.A.
T1  - A numerical process control method for circular-tube hydroforming prediction
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1111
SN  - 07496419
AB  - A numerical control algorithm is described that predicts the axial end-feed and internal pressure loads to give maximum formability of circular tubes during hydroforming. The controller tracks the stresses, strains and mechanical response of the incremental finite element solution to estimate the proper axial feed (end-feed) and internal pressure increments to apply in the next increment as the tube deforms. The algorithm uses the material stress–strain curve and the deformation theory of plasticity with Hill''s criterion to relate the current stress and strain increments (from the finite element model) to the next applied load increments. A controlled increment in plastic strain is prescribed for the next solution increment, and the pressure and end-feed increments are calculated to give a constant ratio of incremental axial and hoop strains. Hydroforming simulations using this method were conducted to predict the load histories for controlled expansion of 6061-T4 aluminum tubes within a conical die shape and under free hydroforming conditions. The predicted loading paths were applied in hydroforming experiments to form the conical and free-formed tube shapes. The model predictions and experimental results are compared in this paper for deformed shape, strains and the extent of forming at rupture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Finite element
KW  - Hydroforming
KW  - Metal forming
KW  - Process control
N1  - Accession Number: 12234980; Johnson, K.I.; Email Address: ki.johnson@pnl.gov N. Nguyen, B. 1 Davies, R.W. 1 Grant, G.J. 1 Khaleel, M.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p1111; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal forming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Process control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijplas.2003.10.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swindeman, R.W.
AU  - Santella, M.L.
AU  - Maziasz, P.J.
AU  - Roberts, B.W.
AU  - Coleman, K.
T1  - Issues in replacing Cr–Mo steels and stainless steels with 9Cr–1Mo–V steel
JO  - International Journal of Pressure Vessels & Piping
JF  - International Journal of Pressure Vessels & Piping
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 81
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
EP  - 512
SN  - 03080161
AB  - Issues are discussed that affect the development, installation, and operation of 9Cr–1Mo–V steel components in power boilers. Typical issues include chemistry effects, fabricability, weldability, fireside corrosion, steamside corrosion, aging, long-time creep, and damage accumulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Pressure Vessels & Piping is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEEL
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - METALWORK
KW  - 9Cr steel
KW  - Ageing
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Creep
N1  - Accession Number: 13469723; Swindeman, R.W. 1; Email Address: swindemanrw@ornl.gov Santella, M.L. 1 Maziasz, P.J. 1 Roberts, B.W. 2 Coleman, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN, USA  2: Consultant, Chattanooga, Tennessee, TN, USA  3: Electric Power Research Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, NC, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 81 Issue 6, p507; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: METALWORK; Author-Supplied Keyword: 9Cr steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ageing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijpvp.2003.12.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, B.
AU  - Maser, J.
AU  - Vogt, S.
AU  - Paunesku, T.
AU  - Woloschak, G. E.
T1  - Workshop on Biological Applications of X-ray Microscopy and Imaging.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 80
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 459
EP  - 461
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Reports on the workshop on the biological applications of X-ray microscopy and imaging held at Argonne National Laboratory in Argonne, Illinois. Duration of the workshop; Speakers of the workshop; Topics discussed by speakers.
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - RADIOBIOLOGY
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - RADIOSCOPIC diagnosis
KW  - ARGONNE (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13728207; Lai, B. 1 Maser, J. 1,2 Vogt, S. 1 Paunesku, T. 2 Woloschak, G. E. 2; Email Address: g-woloschak@northwestren.edu; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 80 Issue 6, p459; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: RADIOBIOLOGY; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: RADIOSCOPIC diagnosis; Subject Term: ARGONNE (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham Jr., Thomas
AU  - Hecker, Siegfried S.
AU  - Reis, Victor H.
AU  - Moniz, Ernest J.
AU  - Pellaud, Bruno
T1  - Preventing nuclear proliferation.
JO  - Issues in Science & Technology
JF  - Issues in Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 9
PB  - University of Texas at Dallas
SN  - 07485492
AB  - Discusses the article "Stronger Measures Needed to Prevent Proliferation," by Michael May and Tom Isaacs, published in the spring 2004 issue of "Issues in Science & Technology," regarding how best to strengthen the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Regime in international security.  Importance of the Convention on Physical Protection to efforts to protect weapons-usable materials from terrorist acquisition; Case made on the need for stronger measures to fight nuclear proliferation; Effectiveness of the internalization of large fuel-cycle facilities in economic and non-proliferation terms.
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - NUCLEAR disarmament
KW  - TERRORISM
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
N1  - Accession Number: 13872518; Graham Jr., Thomas 1; Email Address: tgraham@martinlewis.com Hecker, Siegfried S. 2 Reis, Victor H. 3; Email Address: reisv@saic.com Moniz, Ernest J. 4; Email Address: ejmoniz@mit.edu Pellaud, Bruno; Email Address: Pellaud@bluewin.ch; Affiliation:  1: Special Counsel, Morgan Lewis & Bockius LLP, Washington, D.C.  2: Senior Fellow, Los Alamos National, Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico  3: Senior Vice President, Hicks & Associates, McLean, Virginia  4: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Source Info: Summer2004, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p5; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: NUCLEAR disarmament; Subject Term: TERRORISM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2932
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sauter, Nicholas K.
AU  - Crosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W.
AU  - Adams, Paul D.
T1  - Robust indexing for automatic data collection.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
EP  - 409
SN  - 00218898
AB  - Improved methods for indexing diffraction patterns from macromolecular crystals are presented. The novel procedures include a more robust way to verify the position of the incident X-ray beam on the detector, an algorithm to verify that the deduced lattice basis is consistent with the observations, and an alternative approach to identify the metric symmetry of the lattice. These methods help to correct failures commonly experienced during indexing, and increase the overall success rate of the process. Rapid indexing, without the need for visual inspection, will play an important role as beamlines at synchrotron sources prepare for high-throughput automation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTAL optics
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 13825601; Sauter, Nicholas K. 1; Email Address: nksauter@lbl.gov Crosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W. 1 Adams, Paul D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physical Biosciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p399; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL optics; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 19 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/s0021889804005874
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoica, A.D.
AU  - Popovici, M.
AU  - X.-L. Wang
AU  - D.-Q. Wang
AU  - Hubbard, C.R.
T1  - Neutron imaging with bent perfect crystals. II. Practical multi-wafer approach.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 426
EP  - 437
SN  - 00218898
AB  - In a previous paper [Stoica, Popovici & Hubbard (2001), J. Appl. Cryst. 34, 343357], the phase-space analysis of neutron imaging by Bragg reflection from thick bent perfect crystals or multi-wafer assemblies resulted in the derivation of various imaging conditions. An array of new applications becomes possible, including dispersive and non-dispersive neutron imaging at a sub-millimetre spatial resolution. This paper outlines the experimental test results on nondispersive imaging with thick packets of silicon wafers. The experimental results are compared with Monte Carlo simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 13825604; Stoica, A.D. 1; Email Address: stoicaad@ornl.gov Popovici, M. 2 X.-L. Wang 1,3 D.-Q. Wang 3 Hubbard, C.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  2: Missouri University Research Reactor, Columbia  3: Metals and Ceramics Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p426; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/s0021889804008374
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lovelace, Jeffrey J.
AU  - Soares, Alexei S.
AU  - Bellamy, Henry D.
AU  - Sweet, Robert M.
AU  - Snell, Edward H.
AU  - Borgstahl, Gloria E.O.
T1  - First results of digital topography applied to macromolecular crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
EP  - 485
SN  - 00218898
AB  - An inexpensive digital CCD camera was used to record X-ray topographs directly from large imperfect crystals of cubic insulin. The topographs recorded were not as detailed as those which can be measured with film or emulsion plates, but do show great promise. Six reflections were recorded using a set of finely spaced stills encompassing the rocking curve of each reflection. A complete topographic reflection profile could be digitally imaged in minutes. Interesting and complex internal structure was observed by this technique. The CCD chip used in the camera has anti-blooming circuitry and produced good data quality, even when pixels became overloaded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - DIGITAL cameras
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTAL optics
KW  - INSULIN
N1  - Accession Number: 13825612; Lovelace, Jeffrey J. 1 Soares, Alexei S. 2 Bellamy, Henry D. 3 Sweet, Robert M. 2 Snell, Edward H. 4 Borgstahl, Gloria E.O. 1; Email Address: gborgstahl@unmc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, Nebraska Medical Center  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory  3: CAMD/LSU, Baton Rouge, LA  4: NASA Laboratory for Structural Biology, NASA MSFC, Huntsville, AL; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p481; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: DIGITAL cameras; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL optics; Subject Term: INSULIN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 21 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/s0021889804004303
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ewing, Rodney C.
AU  - Weber, William J.
AU  - Lian, Jie
T1  - Nuclear waste disposal—pyrochlore (A2B2O7): Nuclear waste form for the immobilization of plutonium and “minor” actinides.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5949
EP  - 5971
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - During the past half-century, the nuclear fuel cycle has generated approximately 1400 metric tons of plutonium and substantial quantities of the “minor” actinides, such as Np, Am, and Cm. The successful disposition of these actinides has an important impact on the strategy for developing advanced nuclear fuel cycles, weapons proliferation, and the geologic disposal of high-level radioactive waste. During the last decade, there has been substantial interest in the use of the isometric pyrochlore structure-type, A2B2O7, for the immobilization of actinides. Most of the interest has focused on titanate-pyrochlore because of its chemical durability; however, these compositions experience a radiation-induced transition from the crystalline-to-aperiodic state due to radiation damage from the alpha-decay of actinides. Depending on the actinide concentration, the titanate pyrochlore will become amorphous in less than 1000 years of storage. Recently, systematic ion beam irradiations of a variety of pyrochlore compositions has revealed that many zirconate pyrochlores do not become amorphous, but remain crystalline as a defect fluorite structure-type due to disordering of the A- and B-site cations. The zirconate pyrochlores will remain crystalline even to very high doses, greater than 100 displacements per atom. Systematic experimental studies of actinide-doped and ion beam-irradiated pyrochlore, analyses of natural U- and Th-bearing pyrochlore, and simulations of the energetics of the disordering process now provide a rather detailed understanding of the structural and chemical controls on the response of pyrochlore to radiation. These results provide a solid basis for predicting the behavior and durability of pyrochlore used to immobilize plutonium. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste disposal
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - HAZARDOUS wastes
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13204359; Ewing, Rodney C. 1; Email Address: rodewing@umich.edu Weber, William J. 2 Lian, Jie 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2104  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  3: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, Universeity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2104; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p5949; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste disposal; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS wastes; Subject Term: RADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 20 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1707213
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schelling, P. K.
AU  - Phillpot, S. R.
AU  - Keblinski, P.
T1  - Kapitza conductance and phonon scattering at grain boundaries by simulation.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6082
EP  - 6091
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We use a nonequilibrium molecular-dynamics method to compute the Kapitza resistance of three twist grain boundaries in silicon, which we find to increase significantly with increasing grain boundary energy, i.e., with increasing structural disorder at the grain boundary. The origin of this Kapitza resistance is analyzed directly by studying the scattering of packets of lattice vibrations of well-defined polarization and frequency from the grain boundaries. We find that scattering depends strongly on the wavelength of the incident wave packet. In the case of a high-energy grain boundary, the scattering approaches the prediction of the diffuse mismatch theory at high frequencies, i.e., as the wavelength becomes comparable to the lattice parameter of the bulk crystal. We discuss the implications of our results in terms of developing a general model of scattering probabilities that can be applied to mesoscale models of heat transport in polycrystalline systems. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204341; Schelling, P. K. 1,2,3; Email Address: pschell@mail.ucf.edu Phillpot, S. R. 1,4 Keblinski, P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne, National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Institute for Nanotechnology, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany  3: Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center and Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida  5: Materials Science and Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6082; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1702100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Beeman, J. W.
AU  - Scarpulla, M. A.
AU  - Dubon, O. D.
AU  - Becla, P.
T1  - Synthesis and optical properties of II-O-VI highly mismatched alloys.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6232
EP  - 6238
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have synthesized ternary and quaternary diluted II-VI oxides using the combination of O ion implantation and pulsed laser melting. CdOxTe1-x thin films with x up to 0.015, and the energy gap reduced by 150 meV were formed by O+-implantation in CdTe followed by pulsed laser melting. Quaternary Cd0.6Mn0.4OxTe1-x and Zn0.88Mn0.12OxTe1-x with mole fraction of incorporated O as high as 0.03 were also formed. The enhanced O incorporation in Mn-containing alloys is believed to be due to the formation of relatively strong Mn-O bonds. Optical transitions associated with the lower (E-) and upper (E+) conduction subbands resulting from the anticrossing interaction between the localized O states and the extended conduction states of the host are clearly observed in these quaternary diluted II-VI oxides. These alloys fulfill the criteria for a multiband semiconductor that has been proposed as a material for making high efficiency, single-junction solar cells. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - METALS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 13204320; Yu, K. M. 1 Walukiewicz, W. 1 Shan, W. 1 Wu, J. 1 Beeman, J. W. 1 Scarpulla, M. A. 2 Dubon, O. D. 2 Becla, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California  3: Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6232; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1713021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Y. L.
AU  - Chen, L. Q.
AU  - Asayama, G.
AU  - Schlom, D. G.
AU  - Zurbuchen, M. A.
AU  - Streiffer, S. K.
T1  - Ferroelectric domain structures in SrBi2Nb2O9 epitaxial thin films: Electron microscopy and phase-field simulations.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6332
EP  - 6340
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Ferroelectric domain structures of (001)SrBi2Nb2O9 epitaxial films, investigated using both transmission electron microscopy and phase-field simulations, are reported. Experiment and numerical simulation both reveal that the domain structures consist of irregularly shaped domains with curved domain walls. It is shown that the elastic contribution to domain structures can be neglected in SrBi2Nb2O9 due to its small ferroelastic distortion, less than 0.0018%. Two-beam dark-field imaging using reflections unique to domains of each of the two 90° polarization axes reveal the domain structure. Phase-field simulation is based on the elastic and electrostatic solutions obtained for thin films under different mechanical and electric boundary conditions. The effects of ferroelastic distortion and dielectric constant on ferroelectric domains are systematically analyzed. It is demonstrated that electrostatic interactions which favor straight domain walls are not sufficient to overcome the domain wall energy which favors curved domains in SrBi2Nb2O9. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC crystals
KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204304; Li, Y. L. 1; Email Address: yill@psu.edu Chen, L. Q. 1 Asayama, G. 1 Schlom, D. G. 1 Zurbuchen, M. A. 2 Streiffer, S. K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6332; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC crystals; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1707211
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lang, J. C.
AU  - Lee, D. R.
AU  - Haskel, D.
AU  - Srajer, G.
T1  - Imaging spiral magnetic domains in Ho metal using circularly polarized Bragg diffraction.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6537
EP  - 6539
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have used circularly polarized x rays to image the spiral magnetic domain structure in a single crystal of Ho metal. In these structures, the magnetization direction rotates between successive atomic layers forming a helix. At magnetic Bragg diffraction peaks, circularly polarized x rays are sensitive to the handedness of such a helix (i.e., either right or left handed). By reversing the helicity of the incident beam with phase-retarding optics and measuring the difference in the Bragg scattering, contrast between domains of opposing handedness can be obtained. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - X-rays
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - HELIX (Mollusks)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204014; Lang, J. C. 1 Lee, D. R. 1 Haskel, D. 1 Srajer, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6537; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: HELIX (Mollusks); Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688252
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shaw, Justin M.
AU  - Park, Sungkyun
AU  - Falco, Charles M.
T1  - Structure and spin dynamics of annealed buried ultra-thin Fe layers on GaAs(001).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6552
EP  - 6554
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We used Brillouin light scattering (BLS) to study spin dynamics in annealed ultra-thin (0.4–2.0 nm) Fe layers buried by 6.0–8.0 nm of Al. All samples reported here were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs(001). We correlated our BLS results with film structure obtained from reflection high energy electron diffraction low angle x-ray reflectometry, and in situ scanning tunneling microscopy. Our results find that annealing of room temperature deposited Fe layers to 300 °C has a significant effect on both the magnetic properties and surface structure of the Fe. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRILLOUIN scattering
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - IRON
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204080; Shaw, Justin M. 1,2 Park, Sungkyun 3 Falco, Charles M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Temep, Arizona  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6552; Subject Term: BRILLOUIN scattering; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1682891
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204080&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nicholson, D. M. C.
AU  - Kisner, R. A.
AU  - Ludtka, G. M.
AU  - Sparks, C. J.
AU  - Petit, L.
AU  - Jaramillo, Roger
AU  - Mackiewicz-Ludtka, G.
AU  - Wilgen, J. B.
AU  - Sheikh-Ali, Askar
AU  - Kalu, P. N.
T1  - The effect of high magnetic field on phase stability in Fe-Ni.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6580
EP  - 6582
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Identically prepared samples of Fe0.85Ni0.15 were annealed either in the ambient magnetic field or in a field of 29 T. Room temperature x-ray powder diffraction measurements that were performed after magnetic annealing showed that the ratio of the volume of the γ to α phase is decreased in the field-annealed sample by a factor of 2. First-principles calculations of the magnetic structure in the presence of a magnetic field are used to compute the resulting change in free energy. Analysis in terms of the phase diagram calculated with and without a magnetic field is in substantial agreement with the measurements. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13203957; Nicholson, D. M. C. 1; Email Address: nichosondm@ornl.gov Kisner, R. A. 1 Ludtka, G. M. 1 Sparks, C. J. 1 Petit, L. 1 Jaramillo, Roger 1 Mackiewicz-Ludtka, G. 1 Wilgen, J. B. 1 Sheikh-Ali, Askar 2 Kalu, P. N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, MS6164 Building 5700, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: FAMU-FSU, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6580; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689761
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203957&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bazally, Ya B.
AU  - Tsymbal, L. T.
AU  - Kakazei, G. N.
AU  - Wigen, P. E.
T1  - The role of erbium magnetization anisotropy during the magnetic reorientation transition in ErFeO3.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6622
EP  - 6624
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Magnetization of ErFeO3 single crystal was measured by a super conducting quantum interference device magnetometer with greatly improved precision. A dramatic (70%) increase of magnetization was observed in the spin-reorientation interval (88–97 K). This and the temperature dependence of the spin-rotation angle are accurately described by the modified mean field theory, which uses the key fact of the magnetic anisotropy of erbium subsystem. Calculated temperature dependence of the rotation angle shows a remarkable correspondence with the experiment with no fitting parameters. Proposed model is general and can be used to analyze orientation transitions in many orthoferrites. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETOMETERS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ERBIUM
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204052; Bazally, Ya B. 1 Tsymbal, L. T. 2,3 Kakazei, G. N. 3,4 Wigen, P. E.; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: O. Galkin Donetsk Physics & Technology Institute, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 72 R. Luxemburg St., Donetsk 83114, Ukraine 3  3: Ohio State University, Department of Physics, 174 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210  4: Institute of Magnetism, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 36-B Vernadskii Boulevard, Kyiv 03142, Ukraine; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6622; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETOMETERS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ERBIUM; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687271
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204052&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farrell, D.
AU  - Ding, Y.
AU  - Majetich, S. A.
AU  - Sanchez-Hanke, Cecilia
AU  - Chi-Chang Kao
T1  - Structural ordering effects in Fe nanoparticle two- and three-dimensional arrays.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6636
EP  - 6638
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Two- and three-dimensional arrays were prepared by self-assembly of iron nanoparticles with similar magnetic moments and interparticle separations, and characterized both magnetically and structurally. The rapid magnetization decay in the three-dimensional (3D) arrays suggests a relaxation mechanism than has been previously reported, perhaps associated with the existence of domain walls within large structurally ordered regions. Small angle x-ray scattering indicates the presence of such regions in the 3D arrays. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13203992; Farrell, D. 1 Ding, Y. 1 Majetich, S. A. 1; Email Address: sm70andrew@cmu.edu Sanchez-Hanke, Cecilia 2 Chi-Chang Kao 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-3890  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6636; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688644
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203992&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dongqi Li
AU  - Ruihua Cheng
AU  - Chengtao Yu
AU  - Pearson, J.
AU  - Fradin, F. Y.
AU  - Bader, S. D.
T1  - Placement of epitaxial magnetic Co dots on Ru(0001) via substrate modifications.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6663
EP  - 6665
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Co has been epitaxially grown onto flat and modified Ru(0001) substrates via molecular beam epitaxy at elevated temperature and characterized ex situ with atomic force and magnetic force microscopy. On flat Ru(0001), Co grows into three-dimensional Co islands (dots) of ∼20–900 nm or a flat Co film network with deep holes (antidots) in truncated pyramidal shapes, which randomly distribute on the surface. When the Ru surface morphology is modified via either scratches or e-beam lithography, the dots align along the edges of the surface features (∼4–100 nm deep), and form dot chains, wires, arrays, and dots around lithographic patterns. The dots exhibit in-plane single domains with magnetic easy axis along the edges of these surface features. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204009; Dongqi Li 1; Email Address: dongqi@anl.gov Ruihua Cheng 1 Chengtao Yu 1 Pearson, J. 1 Fradin, F. Y. 1 Bader, S. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6663; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688257
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204009&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, G.
AU  - Stinnett, S. M.
AU  - Novotny, M. A.
AU  - Rikvold, P. A.
T1  - Angular dependence of switching properties in single Fe nanopillars.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6666
EP  - 6668
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The continued increase in areal densities in magnetic recording makes it crucial to understand magnetization reversal in nanoparticles. We present finite-temperature micromagnetic simulations of hysteresis in Fe nanopillars with the long axis tilted at angles from 0° to 90° to the applied sinusoidal field. The field period is 15 ns, and the particle size is 9×9×150 nm. The system is discretized into a rectangular pillar of 7×7×101 spins each with uniform magnetization. At low angles, reversal begins at the endcaps and proceeds toward the center of the particle. At 90° reversal proceeds along the entire length of the particle (save at the ends). The switching field was observed to increase over the entire range of angles, consistent with recent experimental observations. A second, lower-resolution micromagnetic simulation with 1×1×17 spins, does not agree with experiment, but shows behavior very similar to that of the Stoner–Wohlfarth model of coherent rotation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13203971; Brown, G. 1; Email Address: browngrg@csit.fsu.edu Stinnett, S. M. 2 Novotny, M. A. 2; Email Address: man40@ra.msstate.edu Rikvold, P. A. 3; Email Address: rikvold@csit.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy and ERC Center, Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39759  3: Department of Physics, Center for Materials Research and Technology, School, Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4350; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6666; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689151
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203971&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eisenbach, Markus
AU  - Stocks, G. Malcolm
AU  - Úlfalussy, Balazs
T1  - Magnetic structure of iron inclusions in copper.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6684
EP  - 6686
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We investigate the magnetic ground states of iron inclusions embedded in fcc copper using first principles calculations. We find that even for a single iron atom inclusion the induced magnetic moments on the copper sites order noncollinearly with respect to the prescribed direction of the iron moments. Furthermore, this noncollinear ordering depends on the direction of the iron moment. We study this effect by performing both constrained and fully relaxed moment calculations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON
KW  - COPPER
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204058; Eisenbach, Markus 1 Stocks, G. Malcolm 1 Úlfalussy, Balazs 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6684; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687253
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204058&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stern, R. A.
AU  - MacLaren, J. M.
AU  - Charlton, T.
AU  - Lederman, D.
T1  - First principles calculations of magnetoresistance as a function of external field in layered Co–Re hexagonal-close-packed superlattices.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6765
EP  - 6767
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The magnetoresistance was calculated for a layered Co/Re hcp(1010) superlattice as a function of external magnetic field. Similar to recent experiments which showed a maximum magnetoresistance of 4.5%, the system modeled here had its growth axis along the (1010) axis and the magnetic easy axis in the plane of the film. Orientations of the magnetic moments in each Co layer as a function of external field were calculated using a self-consistent mean-field method, and were used as input parameters in the calculation of the conductivity tensor. The conductivity tensor was calculated via the Kubo–Greenwood linear response formalism within the layered-Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker approach to density functional theory. The total magnetoresistance is explained as a sum of anisotropic magnetoresistance and giant magnetoresistance. A calculated spin–flop transition at low fields has obvious consequences on the calculated magnetoresistance. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - LAYER structure (Solids)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 13204238; Stern, R. A. 1; Email Address: astern@tulane.edu MacLaren, J. M. 1 Charlton, T. 2 Lederman, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118  2: Division of Material Science, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6765; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: LAYER structure (Solids); Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667414
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204238&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lascialfari, A.
AU  - Borsa, F.
AU  - Corti, M.
AU  - Micotti, E.
AU  - Furukawa, Y.
AU  - Cornia, A.
AU  - Gatteschi, D.
T1  - 7Li nuclear magnetic resonance in the hexairon(III) antiferromagnetic molecular ring Fe6:Li.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6879
EP  - 6881
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The molecular nanomagnet [LiFe6(OCH3)12(dbm)6]B(C6H5)4·5CH2Cl2 (Fe6:Li in short) is formed by six Fe(III) s=5/2 spins arranged in an almost coplanar ring with antiferromagnetic (AFM) nearest-neighbor coupling constant J/kB∼20 K. We report 7Li nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (NSLR) measurements as a function of temperature from 1.5 to 50 K with applied field H=1.5 T. No evidence of quadrupole effects was found on the 7Li NMR spectrum within the linewidth resolution (∼25 kHz) ruling against a molecular distortion. The 7Li NSLR is compared with the 1H NSLR results in Fe6:Li and in other AFM rings. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - IRON
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13204064; Lascialfari, A. 1; Email Address: lascialfari@fisicavolta.unipv.it Borsa, F. 1,2 Corti, M. 1 Micotti, E. 1 Furukawa, Y. 3 Cornia, A. 4 Gatteschi, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, "A. Volta" and Unià INFM, University of Pavia, Via Bassai 6, Italy  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa  3: Division of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan  4: Department of Chemistry and Unitaà INSTM, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 183, Italy; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6879; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687225
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204064&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shiratsuchi, Yu
AU  - Endo, Yasushi
AU  - Yamamoto, Masahiko
AU  - Li, Dongqi
AU  - Bader, S. D.
T1  - Magnetic phase transition and anisotropy of ultrathin Fe films grown on inclined Al2O3(0001) substrates.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6897
EP  - 6899
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We investigated the magnetic properties of ultrathin Fe films grown on inclined Al2O3(0001) substrates at various growth temperatures. We report the evolution of the magnetism with Fe thickness tFe, growth temperature, and the effect of the inclination of the substrate orientation on the magnetic anisotropy. The films are superparamagnetic (tFe≈5 monolayer, ML), ferromagnetic (tFe>15 ML), or coexistent (tFe≈10 ML). The effect of inclination of the substrate is small in the superparamagnetic region and substantial in the ferromagnetic region. Fe thin films grown on the inclined substrate have a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with the magnetic easy axis parallel to the step edge. This uniaxial magnetic anisotropy might be derived from the effective demagnetizing field due to the magnetic charge distribution at the corrugated surface. The strength of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy decreases as the growth temperature increases. The dependence of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy on growth temperature is caused by the change of growth mechanism, from smooth to rough with an increasing of growth temperature. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - THERMOMAGNETISM
KW  - PARAMAGNETISM
KW  - ADIABATIC demagnetization
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 13204227; Shiratsuchi, Yu 1 Endo, Yasushi 1 Yamamoto, Masahiko 1; Email Address: yamamoto@mat.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp Li, Dongqi 2 Bader, S. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6897; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: THERMOMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PARAMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ADIABATIC demagnetization; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: THIN films; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667432
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204227&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D. Zipse
AU  - North, J. M.
AU  - Achey, R. M.
AU  - Dalal, N. S.
AU  - S. Hill
AU  - Edwards, R. S.
AU  - Choi, E. S.
AU  - Brooks, J. S.
T1  - Semiconductivity, spin delocalization, and excited states of the single molecule magnets Fe8Br8 and Mn12–acetate (invited).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6900
EP  - 6905
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Some newly found properties of the single-molecule magnets Mn12–acetate and Fe8Br8 are summarized: they are semiconductors and their 20 unpaired (S=10) electrons are delocalized not only on the metal ions, but also quite significantly (several percent) on the organic linkers (ligands). Fe8Br8 has an S=9 excited state located at about 24 K (17 cm-1) above the S=10 ground state. The zero-field (D and E) parameters of the S=9 state differ from those of the S=10 state by 7%–8%. The band gap for Mn12–acetate was found to be 0.37 eV, while that for Fe8Br8 was 0.73 eV. Details of the experimental techniques used (EPR, NMR, isotope-labeling, four-point conductivity) are provided, together with the discussions of the results in the context of other experimental techniques, and theoretical calculations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13204241; D. Zipse 1; Email Address: dzipse@chem.fsu.edu North, J. M. 1 Achey, R. M. 1 Dalal, N. S. 1 S. Hill 2 Edwards, R. S. 2 Choi, E. S. 3 Brooks, J. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida  2: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6900; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664451
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204241&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewis, L. H.
AU  - Yu, Ming-hui
AU  - Welch, D. O.
AU  - Gambino, Richard J.
T1  - Manipulation of the metamagnetic transition and entropy change in Gd5(Si,Ge)4.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6912
EP  - 6914
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - 100 nm coatings of Fe and of Al were found to alter the magnetic attributes, such as the initial susceptibility and metamagnetic transition field, of the giant magnetocaloric material Gd5(Ge,Si)4 and thereby increase the entropy change for a given applied magnetic field, relative to uncoated samples. The experimental data strongly suggest that these coatings confer a strain that propagates through the material and enhances the effect of the magnetic field in the metamagnetic phase transition range. A simplified Landau theory of coupled magnetic and structural transitions was developed for Gd5(Si1-xGex)4 and used to analyze the thermodynamics and phase transitions of this material under the influence of magnetic fields and elastic strain fields. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - FERMI liquid theory
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204000; Lewis, L. H. 1; Email Address: lhlewis@bnl.gov Yu, Ming-hui 1,2 Welch, D. O. 1 Gambino, Richard J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000  2: Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington  3: Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NEw York 11794-2275; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6912; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FERMI liquid theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688572
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204000&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snyder, J. Leib J. E.
AU  - Lograsso, T. A.
AU  - Schlagel, D.
AU  - Jiles, D. C.
T1  - Dynamics of the magnetic field-induced first order magnetic-structural phase transformation of Gd5(Si0.5Ge0.5)4.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6915
EP  - 6917
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The system Gd5(SixGe1-x)4 for 0.4<=x<=0.5 has been shown to have an unusual first order, coupled magnetic-structural phase transformation at the Curie temperature. Above the transformation temperature Tc, the material is paramagnetic with a monoclinic structure; below Tc, it is ferromagnetic with an orthorhombic structure. Another unusual feature of this phase transformation is that an applied magnetic field can increase Tc by 5 K per tesla. In this study, the magnetic-structural transformation in single crystal Gd5Si2Ge2 was triggered by holding the sample at a temperature just above Tc, then using an applied field to increase Tc beyond the sample temperature, thereby inducing the magnetic-structural transformation. The dynamics of this field-induced phase transformation at various temperatures just above Tc were observed by measuring the magnetization as a function of time. This magnetization change is caused by the first order phase transformation which is distinctly different from the magnetization reversal which one observes in conventional magnetic relaxation experiments. The transformation could be modeled as a thermal activation process with a single energy barrier of height 4.2±0.2 eV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204027; Snyder, J. Leib J. E. 1 Lograsso, T. A. 1 Schlagel, D. 2 Jiles, D. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, US DOE, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Materials Science and Engineering  Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  3: Materials and Engineering Physics Program Ames Laboratory, US DOE, Materials and Engineering Department and Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6915; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687591
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204027&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pasquale, Massimo
AU  - Sasso, Carlo Paolo
AU  - Lewis, L. H.
T1  - Magnetic entropy in Ni2MnGa single crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6918
EP  - 6920
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A first-order phase transition in mechanically soft, nonstoichiometric Ni2MnGa oriented single crystals was achieved by the application of a magnetic field lower than 1 T on a sample with a forward martensitic transformation temperature TM of 314 K. The observed change in magnetization corresponds to a temperature decrease of 1 K. The entropy variation, corresponding to this partial phase rearrangement, is of the order of -1.5 J/kg K at 1 T, and reaches a value of -18 J/kg K at 5 T. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204093; Pasquale, Massimo 1 Sasso, Carlo Paolo 1 Lewis, L. H. 2; Affiliation:  1: IEN Galileo Ferraris, Department of Material, Strada celle Cacce 91, Torino, Italy  2: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6918; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1682784
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204093&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garlea, O.
AU  - Morosan, E.
AU  - Bud'ko, S. L.
AU  - Zarestky, J. L.
AU  - Canfield, P. C.
AU  - Stassis, C.
T1  - Neutron scattering study of TbPtIn intermetallic compound.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6921
EP  - 6923
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Neutron diffraction techniques have been used to study the magnetic properties of a TbPtIn single-crystal as a function of temperature and magnetic field. In the absence of an externally applied magnetic field, the compound orders, below approximately 47 K, in an antiferromagnetic structure with propagation vector k=(1/2,0,1/2); the magnetic moments were found to be parallel to the [120] direction. Measurements at 4.2 K, with a magnetic field applied along the [120] direction, revealed metamagnetic transitions at approximately 20 kG and 40 kG. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TERBIUM
KW  - PLATINUM compounds
KW  - INDIUM compounds
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13204244; Garlea, O. 1; Email Address: garleao@ornl.gov Morosan, E. 1 Bud'ko, S. L. 1 Zarestky, J. L. 1 Canfield, P. C. 1 Stassis, C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6921; Subject Term: TERBIUM; Subject Term: PLATINUM compounds; Subject Term: INDIUM compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664401
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204244&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, A. E.
AU  - Wun-Fogle, M.
AU  - Restorff, J. B.
AU  - Lograsso, T. A.
AU  - Petculescu, G.
T1  - Magnetostriction and elasticity of body centered cubic Fe100-xBex alloys.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6942
EP  - 6944
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Magnetostriction measurements from 77 K to room temperature on oriented (100) and (110) disk samples of Fe93.9Be6.1 and Fe88.7Be11.3 reveal substantial increases in λ100 compared to iron. For the 11.3% alloy, λ100=110 ppm, a sixfold increase above that of α-Fe. For the 6.1% alloy, λ100=81 ppm, ∼40% and ∼170% greater than λ100 of comparable Fe–Ga and Fe–Al alloys, respectively, for H=15 kOe. Large differences exist between the values of λ100 and λ111 (λ100>0, λ111<0) and their temperature dependencies. Elastic constants, c11, c12, and c44, from 4 to 300 K were obtained on the same Fe–Be alloys. From these measurements, the magnetoelastic energy coefficients b1 and b2 were calculated. While the magnitudes of the magnetostrictions λ100 and λ111 are widely different, the magnitudes of b1 and b2 are within a factor of 2. The Fe–Be alloys are highly anisotropic magnetostrictively, elastically, and magnetoelastically. For Fe88.7Be11.3 at room temperature λ100/λ111, 2c44/(c11-c12), and b1/b2 are -6.6, 3.55, and -1.86, respectively. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOSTRICTION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13203979; Clark, A. E. 1 Wun-Fogle, M. 2; Email Address: wunfoglem@nswccd.navy.mil Restorff, J. B. 2 Lograsso, T. A. 3 Petculescu, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Clark Associates, Adelphi, Maryland 20783  2: Noval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, West Bethesda, Maryland 20817  3: Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011  4: University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677-1848; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6942; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTRICTION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688676
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203979&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, M.
AU  - Jiles, D. C.
AU  - Snyder, J. E.
AU  - Lograsso, T. A.
AU  - Schlagel, D. L.
T1  - Giant magnetostriction behavior at the Curie temperature of single crystal Gd5(Si0.5Ge0.5)4.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6945
EP  - 6947
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We report results of thermal expansion (TE) and magnetostriction (MS) measurements on a single crystal sample of Gd5(Si0.5Ge0.5)4 prepared by the Bridgman method. TE and MS were measured along the c axis by the strain gauge method and the temperature was controlled using a closed cycle helium refrigerator. From the TE measurements the magnetic structural phase transition temperature was found to be 259.5 K on cooling and 261.5 K on heating. The abrupt change in strain and the temperature hysteresis indicate that it is a first order transition. MS measurements were conducted at 15, 258, and 265 K. At 15 K, the magnetostriction amplitude was 3–4 ppm, whereas at 258 K it was 100 ppm. At 265 K, which is just above the Curie temperature, a giant magnetostriction of 2000 ppm was found. This unusual behavior is due to the fact that the external magnetic field can increase the transition temperature above 265 K, resulting in a first order magnetic/structural phase transition. The results reveal that giant magnetostriction in Gd5(Si0.5Ge0.5)4 only occurs as a result of the magnetic/structural transformation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - REFRIGERATORS
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204028; Han, M. 1; Email Address: mghan@iastate.edu Jiles, D. C. 2 Snyder, J. E. 3 Lograsso, T. A. 3 Schlagel, D. L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Engineering Physics, Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, USDOE, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  3: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  4: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Labaratory, USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p6945; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: REFRIGERATORS; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414220 Household appliance merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423620 Household Appliances, Electric Housewares, and Consumer Electronics Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335223 Major kitchen appliance manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335222 Household Refrigerator and Home Freezer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688680
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204028&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, D. R.
AU  - Freeland, J. W.
AU  - Srajer, G.
AU  - Metlushko, V.
AU  - Chun-Yeol You
T1  - Domain-specific magnetization reversals on a Permalloy square ring array.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7016
EP  - 7018
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We present domain-specific magnetization reversals extracted from soft x-ray resonant magnetic scattering measurements on a Permalloy square ring array. The extracted domain-specific hysteresis loops reveal that the magnetization of the domain parallel to the field is strongly pinned, while those of other domains rotate continuously. In comparison with the micromagnetic simulation, the hysteresis loop on the pinned domain indicates a possibility of the coexistence of the square rings with the vortex and onion states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204167; Lee, D. R. 1; Email Address: drlee@aps.anl.gov Freeland, J. W. 1 Srajer, G. 1 Metlushko, V. 2 Chun-Yeol You 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Agronne, Illinois  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, Illinois  3: Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7016; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1668611
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13204167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi, Y.
AU  - Haskel, D.
AU  - Lee, D. R.
AU  - Lang, J. C.
AU  - Srajer, G.
AU  - Im, J. S.
T1  - Measurement of local magnetization in the buried layer of a pseudo-spin-valve submicron wire.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7028
EP  - 7030
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A pseudo-spin-valve (PSV) wire [Au(3 nm)/Py(10 nm)/Cu(5 nm)/Co(10 nm)/Si] was patterned by e-beam lithography into two sections with different widths, connected by a narrow part that acts as a domain wall trap. The two sections have different magnetic shape anisotropies and thus different coercive fields. Since the sample has two different magnetic layers (soft and hard) and two different anisotropies (thick and thin widths), this patterned system has more than two magnetic configuration states depending on the applied field strength. To probe local magnetization from the two different sections, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements were done on the PSV wire with a microfocused x-ray beam. Measurements were done on the buried hard layer, from which magnetic information cannot be obtained by surface-sensitive techniques. The XMCD experimental results are compared with micromagnetic simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - SPINTRONICS
KW  - X-ray lithography
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC circular dichroism
N1  - Accession Number: 13204198; Choi, Y. 1; Email Address: choys@northwestern.edu Haskel, D. 2 Lee, D. R. 2 Lang, J. C. 2 Srajer, G. 2 Im, J. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7028; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: SPINTRONICS; Subject Term: X-ray lithography; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC circular dichroism; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667798
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiles, D. C.
AU  - Li, L.
T1  - A new approach to modeling the magnetomechanical effect.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7058
EP  - 7060
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - This paper reports on results taken to validate the extension to the theory of the magnetomechanical effect reported recently. This theory is based on a “law of approach” but the underlying equations have been generalized to include linear and nonlinear terms which are analogous to those in the well-known Rayleigh law of magnetization. It is shown that the generalized theory can be applied to materials with negative magnetostriction, such as nickel, and that the stress dependent model parameters can be determined from experimental measurements. It has been found that the results show improved agreement with experimental observation compared with the more restricted previous exposition of the model. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204069; Jiles, D. C. 1 Li, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nondestructive Evaluation and Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa  2: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7058; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, Zhiya
AU  - Mani, Prakash
AU  - Lee, W.-T.
AU  - Mankey, Gary J.
T1  - Magnetic properties of uniaxial synthetic antiferromagnetic films.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7157
EP  - 7159
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A study of the properties of uniaxial synthetic antiferromagnetic films with the structure Si(100)/Ta(5 nm)/Co(a)/NM(b)/Co(c)/Ta(10 nm) prepared by oblique sputtering is reported. Easy axis and hard axis hysteresis loops show a strong uniaxial anisotropy. The structural origin of the anisotropy is revealed by atomic force microscopy. The magnetization switching process was measured by polarized neutron reflectometry. The system exhibits biquadratic coupling, since the experimental remanence differs from that calculated by a model considering only bilinear coupling. The dependence of the critical fields on top ferromagnetic layer thickness is measured. A fit including both bilinear and biquadratic coupling qualitatively agrees with the results. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - COBALT compounds
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13204253; Zhao, Zhiya 1 Mani, Prakash 1 Lee, W.-T. 2 Mankey, Gary J. 1; Email Address: gmankey@mint.ua.edu; Affiliation:  1: MINT Center, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama  2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7157; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: TANTALUM; Subject Term: COBALT compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652417
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shik, H. Y.
AU  - Wang, Y. Q.
AU  - Gubernatis, J. E.
AU  - Lin, H. Q.
T1  - Effect of f-band dispersion on the magnetic properties of periodic Anderson lattice model.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7195
EP  - 7197
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Using the exact diagonalization and constrained path Monte Carlo methods, we investigate the effects of impurity f-band dispersion on the magnetic properties of Periodic Anderson lattice model in one and two dimensions (square lattice). The model is defined by the Hamiltonian. [This symbol cannot be presented in ASCII format] We fix t d=-1 be the energy scale. When t ƒ=0, previous studies [Phy. Rev. B 63, 184 428 (2001)] showed that the system could be in partially saturated ferromagnet phase for low concentrations of conduction electrons. In the noninteracting limit, anonzero t ƒ changes the ƒ-band from being flat to dispersive. By calculating the ground state energy as a function of totals pin S we demonstrate that the inclusion of ƒ-band dispersion (t ƒ≠0) could destabilize the ferromagnetic phase depending on values of t ƒ and μ ƒ. Both t ƒ and μ ƒ have profound effects on the shape of the fermi surface and hence on the magnetic properties of the system, exemplified by the calculation of the fourier transform of the spin-spin correlation functions. Antiferromagnetic correlation is induced by the ƒ-band dispersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204119; Shik, H. Y. 1 Wang, Y. Q. 1 Gubernatis, J. E. 1,2 Lin, H. Q. 1; Email Address: hqlin@phy.cuhk.edu.hk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7195; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1676024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bauer, E. D.
AU  - Christianson, A. D.
AU  - Lawrence, J. M.
AU  - Goremychkin, E. A.
AU  - Moreno, N. O.
AU  - Curro, N. J.
AU  - Trouw, F. R.
AU  - Sarrao, J. L.
AU  - Thompson, J. D.
AU  - McQueeney, R. J.
AU  - Bao, W.
AU  - Osborn, R.
T1  - Crystalline electric field excitations in the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7201
EP  - 7203
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The crystalline electric field (CEF) energy level scheme of the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 has been determined by means of inelastic neutron scattering (INS). Peaks observed in the INS spectra at ∼8 and ∼27 meV with incident neutron energies between Ei=30 and 60 meV and at a temperature T=10 K correspond to transitions from the ground state to the two excited states, respectively. The wave vector and temperature dependence of these peaks are consistent with CEF excitations. Fits of the data to a CEF model yield the CEF parameters B20=-0.80 meV, B40=0.059 meV, and |B44|=0.137 meV corresponding to an energy level scheme: Γ7(1)(0)[=0.487|±5/2>-0.873|∓3/2>], Γ7(2)(8.6 meV,100 K), and Γ6(24.4 meV,283 K). © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLINE electric field
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 13204215; Bauer, E. D. 1; Email Address: edbauer@lanl.gov Christianson, A. D. 1,2 Lawrence, J. M. 2 Goremychkin, E. A. 3 Moreno, N. O. 1 Curro, N. J. 3 Trouw, F. R. Sarrao, J. L. Thompson, J. D. McQueeney, R. J. Bao, W. Osborn, R.; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: University of California, Irvine, California 92697  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7201; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE electric field; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667444
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vecchini, C.
AU  - Moze, O.
AU  - Pecharsky, A. O.
AU  - Gschneider Jr., K. A.
AU  - Brück, E.
AU  - Bewley, R.
AU  - Kolesnikov, A.
AU  - Pecharsky, V. K.
T1  - Dynamic magnetic susceptibility of Gd5Si2Ge2 and Gd4YSi1.9Ge2.1.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7207
EP  - 7209
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The effects of diluting Gd with Y on the magnetic properties of the giant magnetocaloric effect material Gd5Si2Ge2 have been investigated by high incident energy inelastic neutron scattering, magnetization, and x-ray powder diffraction measurements. The dynamic response for Gd5Si2Ge2 at 15 and 150 K consists of two magnetic excitations extending up to 40 meV. From the x-ray powder diffraction data, Gd4YSi1.9Ge2.1 is monoclinic at room temperature, space group P1121/a with the 4e site at x=-0.0092(3), y=0.1005(2), z=0.1808(4) almost exclusively occupied by Gd (97%), while the remaining four Gd/Y sites are randomly occupied by Gd and Y. The magnetization measurements show that the ordering temperature of Gd4YSi1.9Ge2.1 is about half that of Gd5Si2Ge2, as the former orders ferromagnetically at 149 K with an effective paramagnetic moment of 7.87μB. The observed magnetic dynamic response for the Gd4YSi1.9Ge2.1 at 7 K is also different from the nondiluted compound, whereby the positions and intensities of the magnetic excitations have decreased markedly with respect to Gd5Si2Ge2. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - GERMANIUM compounds
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13204264; Vecchini, C. 1 Moze, O. 1 Pecharsky, A. O. 2 Gschneider Jr., K. A. 2 Brück, E. 3 Bewley, R. 4 Kolesnikov, A. 5 Pecharsky, V. K. 2; Affiliation:  1: INFM, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa  3: Van der Waals-Zeeman Institut, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Valckenierstraat 65, Amsterdam, the Netherlands  4: ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom  5: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7207; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: GERMANIUM compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1652371
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iwamoto, Y.
AU  - Ueda, K.
AU  - Kohara, T.
AU  - Kohori, Y.
AU  - Zapf, V. S.
AU  - Sayles, T. A.
AU  - Maple, M. B.
AU  - Pagliuso, P. G.
AU  - Moreno, N. O.
AU  - Sarrao, J. L.
T1  - Nuclear quadrupole resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of heavy fermion Ce1-xRxRhIn5 (R=Y,La).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7210
EP  - 7212
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The results of 115In nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements on Ce1-xYxRhIn5 and Ce1-xLaxRhIn5 are reported. The observed NQR frequency at an In(1) site varies linearly with lattice parameter and dopant concentration for Y- and La-substituted systems. For the samples of LaMIn5 (M=Co,Rh,Ir) and YRhIn5, T1-1’s are proportional to the temperature, which means the system is in the Fermi liquid state in a wide temperature range. On the other hand, in Ce0.1La0.9RhIn5 and Ce0.5Y0.5RhIn5, T1-1’s have power-law temperature dependences (close to T1/4), which are expected to be from non-Fermi-liquid behavior near a quantum critical point. For Ce0.5La0.5RhIn5 and Ce0.25La0.75RhIn5, T1-1’s stay temperature independent below 4.2 K and the observed linewidths of 115In become broader with decreasing temperature. This behavior may be associated with a short-range magnetic order of Ce expected from the macroscopic measurements. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13204126; Iwamoto, Y. 1 Ueda, K. 2 Kohara, T. 2; Email Address: kohara@sci.himeji-tech.ac.jp Kohori, Y. 3 Zapf, V. S. 4 Sayles, T. A. 4 Maple, M. B. 4 Pagliuso, P. G. 5 Moreno, N. O. 5 Sarrao, J. L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe, Japan  2: Graduate School of Science, Himeji Institute of Technology, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo, Japan  3: Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, Japan  4: Department of Physics and Institute for Pure and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California  5: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7210; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1669349
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hauser, Hans
AU  - Rührig, Manfred
AU  - Wecker, Joachim
T1  - Hysteresis modeling of tunneling magnetoresistance strain sensor elements.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7258
EP  - 7260
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Utilizing the inverse magnetostriction effect, magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) elements have been demonstrated to also be useful as highly sensitive stress or strain transducers. The prediction of the stress dependent hysteresis of the tunneling magnetoresistance R is done by the energetic model (EM), minimizing the total magnetization work which consists of the Zeeman energy density, of magnetocrystalline and stress anisotropy of the magnetization rotation processes, and of reversible and irreversible contributions of domain wall displacements. Furthermore, the law of approach to saturation and the initial susceptibility relate the parameters of the EM to the effective anisotropy energy which has to be overcome for a magnetization reversal. The calculated R(H) curves are in good aggreement with the measurements, allowing several predictions of the MTJ parameters as magnetostriction constant, stress (strain) sensitivity and hysteresis, and misalignment of the easy axis. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - ZEEMAN effect
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204015; Hauser, Hans 1,2; Email Address: hans.hauser@tuwien.ac.at Rührig, Manfred 3 Wecker, Joachim 3; Affiliation:  1: Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Industrial Electronics and Material Science, Vienna, Austria  2: Ames Laboratory, Jowa State University, Ames, IA, USA  3: Siemens AG, CTMMI, Innovative Electronics, Erlangen, Germany; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7258; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: ZEEMAN effect; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688251
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - You, Chun-Yeol
AU  - Lee, Sukmock
AU  - Park, Sungkyun
AU  - Falco, Charles M.
T1  - Step-induced slanted perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in 4°-miscut Si(111)/Cu/Au/Co/Au system.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7279
EP  - 7281
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We performed magneto-optic Kerr effect and Brillouin light-scattering measurements on a 4°-miscut Si(111)/Cu/Au(2ML)/Co(5ML)/Au system to understand the correlation we observed between slanted angle and magnetic anisotropy of the ultrathin Co layer. We find that the easy axis orientation is neither perpendicular nor in-plane with respect to the sample surface. We also find that the direction of incline is strongly correlated with the step direction, and that there is no such slanted magnetic anisotropy axis in films grown on a nonmiscut Si substrate. Therefore, we conclude that the slanted magnetic anisotropy axis is caused by the steps in the 4°-miscut Si(111) substrate. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KERR electro-optical effect
KW  - BRILLOUIN scattering
KW  - COBALT
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13204274; You, Chun-Yeol 1 Lee, Sukmock 1 Park, Sungkyun 2 Falco, Charles M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon, Korea  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  3: Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Arizona; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7279; Subject Term: KERR electro-optical effect; Subject Term: BRILLOUIN scattering; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651798
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krishnamurthy, V. V.
AU  - Robertson, J. L.
AU  - Mankey, G. J.
AU  - Cavadini, N.
AU  - Niedermayer, Ch.
AU  - Mitchell, J. F.
T1  - Spin wave excitations in the antiferromagnetic state of Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7351
EP  - 7353
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The layered A-type antiferromagnet Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3 has been investigated by neutron scattering. Antiferromagnetic ordering is observed with a TN of 152.3 K and an exponent β of 0.148±0.01 that suggests 2d Ising behavior. The spin-wave excitations, measured for the neutron momentum transfer q perpendicular to the ferromagnetic planes at 2 K, show a gap of 2.3±0.2 meV at the zone center [0.5 0 0.5]. The dispersion near zone center yielded the spin-wave stiffness coefficient DSW of ∼100±10 meV Å2 which is twice the value found in the isostructural A-type antiferromagnet LaMnO3. The double-exchange interaction, introduced by hole doping, enhances DSW in Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3. The spin wave dispersion at low q fits the dispersion of the Heisenberg model with nearest neighbor exchange interaction and single ion anisotropy. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13204267; Krishnamurthy, V. V. 1; Email Address: vemuru@bama.ua.edu Robertson, J. L. 2 Mankey, G. J. 1 Cavadini, N. 3 Niedermayer, Ch. 3 Mitchell, J. F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Materials for Information Technology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  3: Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, ETH Zurich and Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland  4: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7351; Subject Term: SPIN waves; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1651814
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson, Trevor W.
AU  - Olson, Jeanine M. W.
AU  - Scholl, Andreas
AU  - Suzuki, Y.
T1  - Magnetic domain structure of colossal magnetoresistance thin films and islands.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7354
EP  - 7356
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We synthesized 10–200 nm thick colossal magnetoresistive La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) thin films under compressive strain, resulting in perpendicular anisotropy. Similar magnetic domain structures in LSMO films thicker than 40 nm were observed by magnetic force microscopy and were also seen with photoemission electron microscopy. Recent transport measurements, in conjunction with this result, suggest a dead layer at the interface, not at the surface. When varying the temperature from below the Curie temperature TC to above, the magnetic domains disappeared. These domains nucleated uniformly across the film when the temperature was subsequently lowered, but their positions were unrelated to the initial domains or to surface defects. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204051; Olson, Trevor W. 1 Olson, Jeanine M. W. 2 Scholl, Andreas 3 Suzuki, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7354; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1687272
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaliznyak, I. A.
AU  - Tranquada, J. M.
AU  - Gu, G.
AU  - Erwin, R. W.
AU  - Moritomo, Y.
T1  - Universal features of charge and spin order in a half-doped layered perovskite.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7369
EP  - 7371
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have investigated the peculiar structure of charge and spin ordering in the half-doped layered perovskite oxide La1.5Sr0.5CoO4 by elastic neutron scattering. Two samples with different preparation histories were studied. We find that the generic features of the ordered states, such as their short-range, glassy nature and the spin incommensurability, are sample-independent. At the same time, some subtle features of the ordered phases, such as the correlation lengths, differ. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13204245; Zaliznyak, I. A. 1 Tranquada, J. M. 1 Gu, G. 1 Erwin, R. W. 2 Moritomo, Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  2: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland  3: Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7369; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1664400
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pakhomov, A. B.
AU  - Roberts, B. K.
AU  - Tuan, A.
AU  - Shuttanandan, V.
AU  - McCready, D.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Chambers, S. A.
AU  - Krishnan, Kannan M.
T1  - Studies of two- and three-dimensional ZnO:Co structures through different synthetic routes.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7393
EP  - 7395
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Multilayers of Co and ZnO, with nominal layer thicknesses on the atomic scale with up to 25 bilayers, were deposited by ion beam sputtering on silicon and glass substrates at ambient temperature. Thick epitaxial CoxZn1-xO films on Al2O3(012) substrates were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using a liquid precursor delivery system. All were co-doped with Al. Comparative analysis of magnetization, resistivity, and magnetoresistance measurements, performed in the temperature range 2.5–300 K, is presented. At small thickness of Co layers in the multilayer samples, these structures are diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) superlattices, with properties close to the epitaxial films. A crossover from DMS to discontinuous magnetic metal/semiconductor multilayers is observed with increasing metal content in the multilayers. This leads to changes in conduction mechanisms, with increasing contribution of quasithree-dimensional or quasitwo-dimensional intergranular hopping, and superparamagnetism. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - SILICON
KW  - FILMSTRIPS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204145; Pakhomov, A. B. 1 Roberts, B. K. 1 Tuan, A. 2 Shuttanandan, V. 2 McCready, D. 2 Thevuthasan, S. 2 Chambers, S. A. 2 Krishnan, Kannan M. 1; Email Address: kannanmk@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7393; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: FILMSTRIPS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1669224
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shandong Li
AU  - Hong Bi
AU  - Baozhi Cui
AU  - Fengning Zhang
AU  - Youwei Du
AU  - Xiqun Jiang
AU  - Changzhang Yang
AU  - Qing Yu
AU  - Yuping Zhu
T1  - Anomalous magnetic properties in Co3O4 nanoparticles covered with polymer decomposition residues.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7420
EP  - 7422
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Co3O4 nanoparticles with and without covering of residues from the decomposed polymer at the surface have been fabricated, respectively. It has been revealed that anomalous magnetic properties of the nanoparticles covered with the residues deviate greatly from those of the ones without residues. In comparison with the “naked” Co3O4 nanoparticles, for the “covered” sample, the saturation field, coercivity, loop shift and average permanent magnetic moments per Co3O4 particle are enhanced remarkably. It is believed that the anomalous magnetic properties and their significant difference are caused by the presence of residues at the surface, consistent to the reported results in literature. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204018; Shandong Li 1; Email Address: sdli@ufp.nju.edu.cn Hong Bi 2 Baozhi Cui 3 Fengning Zhang 1 Youwei Du 1 Xiqun Jiang 2 Changzhang Yang 2 Qing Yu 2 Yuping Zhu 4; Affiliation:  1: National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China  2: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahasse, Florida 32310-4005  4: The Centre for Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7420; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1688218
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schedin, F.
AU  - Leung, L.
AU  - Muryn, C. A.
AU  - Hill, E. W.
AU  - Scholl, A.
AU  - Thornton, G.
T1  - Photoemission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy of epitaxial iron oxide films on α-Al2O3(0001).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7450
EP  - 7452
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The morphology and stoichiometry of a model iron oxide magnetic tunneling junction heterostructure has been investigated using x-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM data evidence islands of width a few μ m and height 10 nm. X-PEEM data show that two types of iron oxide are present, the islands being Fe3O4(111) and the terraces α-Fe2O3(0001). The Fe3O4(111) islands appear as dark areas in X-PEEM, which is attributed to difference in work function and/or mean free path of the two iron oxide phases. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204134; Schedin, F. 1; Email Address: f.schedin@man.ac.uk Leung, L. 1 Muryn, C. A. 1 Hill, E. W. 2 Scholl, A. 3 Thornton, G. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Nanoscience Research Centre and Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom  2: Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom  3: Lawrence Berkeley National laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California  4: London Centre for Nanotechnology and Chemistry Department, University Colege London, 20 Gordon St., London, UK; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7450; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1669339
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barmak, Katayun
AU  - Kim, Jihwan
AU  - Lewis, Laura H.
AU  - Coffey, Kevin R.
AU  - Toney, Michael F.
AU  - Kellock, Andrew J.
AU  - Thiele, Jan-Ulrich
T1  - Stoichiometry–anisotropy connections in epitaxial L10 FePt(001) films.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 95
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 7501
EP  - 7503
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The order parameters and anisotropy constants of a series of epitaxial L10 FePt films with compositions in the range of 45–55 at. % Fe and nominal thicknesses of 50 nm have been characterized. The films were made by cosputtering the elements onto single crystal MgO(001) substrates. The substrates were coated with 1 nm Pt/1 nm Fe bilayer seeds prior to alloy deposition. Both the bilayer seed and the alloy film were deposited at 620 °C. Lattice and order parameters were obtained by x-ray diffraction. Film compositions and thicknesses were determined by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, and room-temperature magnetocrystalline anisotropies were determined with a torque magnetometer. It was found that the order parameter had a maximum for the film composition closest to the equiatomic composition, whereas the magnetocrystalline anisotropy increased as the Fe content increased from below to slightly above the equiatomic composition. These results imply that nonstoichiometric FePt compositions, with a slight excess of Fe, may in fact be preferred for applications that require high anisotropy. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - MAGNETOMETERS
KW  - FILMSTRIPS
N1  - Accession Number: 13204171; Barmak, Katayun 1; Email Address: katayun@andrew.cmu.edu Kim, Jihwan 1 Lewis, Laura H. 2 Coffey, Kevin R. 3 Toney, Michael F. 4 Kellock, Andrew J. 5 Thiele, Jan-Ulrich 6; Affiliation:  1: Data Storage Systems Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  3: University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida  4: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, California  5: IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California  6: Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, San Jose Research Center, San Jose, California; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 11, p7501; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: MAGNETOMETERS; Subject Term: FILMSTRIPS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1667856
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Daryl J.
AU  - Martin, Vincent J.J.
AU  - Mohn, William W.
T1  - A Cytochrome P450 Involved in the Metabolism of Abietane Diterpenoids by Pseudomonas abietaniphila BKME-9.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 186
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3631
EP  - 3639
SN  - 00219193
AB  - Diterpenoids are naturally occurring plant compounds which have pharmaceutical properties. We have sequenced a 10.4-kbp extension of the dit cluster in Pseudomonas abietaniphila BKME-9, containing genes involved in abietane diterpenoid biodegradation. The ditQ gene was found to encode a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, P450dit, and to be homologous to the tdtD gene of Pseudomonas diterpeniphila A19-6a. Knocking out ditQ had little effect on growth of BKME-9 on abietic acid but severely impaired growth on dehydroabietic acid (DhA) and palustric acid (PaA), increasing doubling times from 3.8 to 15 h on DhA and from 5.6 to 18.5 h on PaA. A xylE transcriptional fusion showed that transcription of ditQ was induced by a range of diterpenoids. Substrate binding assays of P450dit expressed in Escherichia coli revealed that DhA binds to the enzyme and yields a type I binding spectrum with a Kd of 0.4 µM. These results indicate that P450dit is involved in the metabolism of DhA and PaA and are consistent with its putative role in converting DhA to 7-hydroxy-DhA. Finally, an amino acid sequence identity of greater than 72% and conserved gene arrangement support the hypothesis that the dit gene cluster of P. abietaniphila BKME-9 and the tdt cluster of P. diterpeniphila A19-6a contain functional homologues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROME P-450
KW  - DITERPENES
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13462779; Smith, Daryl J. 1 Martin, Vincent J.J. 2 Mohn, William W. 1; Email Address: wmohn@interchange.ubc.ca; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Canada  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 186 Issue 11, p3631; Subject Term: CYTOCHROME P-450; Subject Term: DITERPENES; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: GENETICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JB.186.11.3631-3639.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belkin, M. A.
AU  - Shen, Y. R.
AU  - Harri, R. A.
T1  - Sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy of chiral liquids off and close to electronic resonance and the antisymmetric Raman tensor.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 10118
EP  - 10126
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The strength of the chiral vibrational peaks in infrared-visible sum-frequency (SF) vibrational spectra from isotropic chiral liquids is proportional to the square of the corresponding antisymmetric Raman element. Under the Born–Oppenheimer adiabatic approximation with nonadiabatic corrections, the antisymmetric Raman tensor is much weaker than the symmetric counterpart, but becomes significantly stronger as the input frequency (or the sum-frequency in SF generation) approaches electronic resonance. We verify the theory with experimental results obtained from infrared-visible doubly resonant sum-frequency generation from an isotropic solution of chiral molecules. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - CHIRALITY
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 13077580; Belkin, M. A. 1,2; Email Address: mbelkin@socrates.berkeley.edu Shen, Y. R. 1,2 Harri, R. A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 21, p10118; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: CHIRALITY; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FLUIDS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1724826
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalyuzhnyi, Yurij V.
AU  - Kahl, Gerhard
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
T1  - Phase coexistence in polydisperse charged hard-sphere fluids: Mean spherical approximation.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 10133
EP  - 10145
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Taking advantage of the availability of the analytic solution of the mean spherical approximation for a mixture of charged hard spheres with an arbitrary number of components we show that the polydisperse fluid mixture of charged hard spheres belongs to the class of truncatable free energy models, i.e., to those systems where the thermodynamic properties can be represented by a finite number of (generalized) moments of the distribution function that characterizes the mixture. Thus, the formally infinitely many equations that determine the parameters of the two coexisting phases can be mapped onto a system of coupled nonlinear equations in these moments. We present the formalism and demonstrate the power of this approach for two systems; we calculate the full phase diagram in terms of cloud and shadow curves as well as binodals and discuss the distribution functions of the coexisting daughter phases and their charge distributions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MODULES (Algebra)
KW  - GIBBS' free energy
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - THERMAL properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13077578; Kalyuzhnyi, Yurij V. 1,2 Kahl, Gerhard 2 Cummings, Peter T. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Condensed Mailer Physics, Svientsitskoho 1, 79011 Lviv, Ukraine.  2: Center for Computational Materials Science and Institut für Theoretische Physik, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, A -1040 Wien, Austria.  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University; Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604.  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 27831 -6110.; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 21, p10133; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MODULES (Algebra); Subject Term: GIBBS' free energy; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 18 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737291
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manaa, M. Riad
AU  - Reed, Evan J.
AU  - Fried, Laurence E.
AU  - Galli, Giulia
AU  - Gygi, François
T1  - Early chemistry in hot and dense nitromethane: Molecular dynamics simulations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 120
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 10146
EP  - 10153
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report density functional molecular dynamic simulations to determine the early chemical events of hot (T=3000 K) and dense (ρ=1.97 g/cm3, V/V0=0.68) nitromethane (CH3NO2). The first step in the decomposition process is an intermolecular proton abstraction mechanism that leads to the formation of CH3NO2H+ and the aci ion H2CNO2-. This event is also confirmed to occur in a fast annealing simulation to a final temperature of 4000 K at ρ=2.20 g/cm3. An intramolecular hydrogen transfer that transforms nitromethane into the aci acid form, CH2NO2H, accompanies this event. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmation of chemical reactivity with bond selectivity for an energetic material near the Chapman–Jouget state of the fully reacted material. We also report the decomposition mechanism followed up to the formation of H2O as the first stable product. We note that similarities in the global features of reactants, intermediates, and products of the reacting fluid seem to indicate a threshold for similar chemistry in the range of high densities and temperatures reported herein. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROMETHANE
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - SIMULATED annealing (Mathematics)
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 13077577; Manaa, M. Riad 1; Email Address: manaa1@11nl.gov Reed, Evan J. 2 Fried, Laurence E. 1 Galli, Giulia 1 Gygi, François 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.  2: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 21, p10146; Subject Term: NITROMETHANE; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: SIMULATED annealing (Mathematics); Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1724820
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steele, W.V.
AU  - Chirico, R.D.
AU  - Cowell, A.B.
AU  - Nguyen, A.
AU  - Knipmeyer, S.E.
T1  - Possible precursors and products of deep hydrodesulfurization of gasoline and distillate fuels III. The thermodynamic properties of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrodibenzothiophene
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Measurements leading to the calculation of the standard thermodynamic properties for gaseous 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrodibenzothiophene (Chemical Abstracts registry number [16587-33-0]) are reported. Experimental methods include combustion calorimetry, adiabatic heat-capacity calorimetry, vibrating-tube densitometry, comparative ebulliometry, inclined-piston gauge manometry, and differential-scanning calorimetry (d.s.c.). Critical properties are estimated for 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrodibenzothiophene. Standard molar entropies, standard molar enthalpies, and standard molar Gibbs free energies of formation are derived at selected <f>T</f> between (298.15 and 600) K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - DENSITOMETRY
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - Density
KW  - Enthalpy of combustion
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Thermodynamic functions
KW  - Vapor pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 12899824; Steele, W.V. 1,2; Email Address: steelewv@ornl.gov Chirico, R.D. 3; Email Address: chirico@boulder.nist.gov Cowell, A.B. 4 Nguyen, A. 4 Knipmeyer, S.E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physical Properties Research Facility, Chemical Engineering Department, 327 Dougherty Engineering Building, 1512 Middle Drive, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6273, USA  3: Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC), Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA  4: Bartlesville Thermodynamics Group, BDM Petroleum Technologies, Bartlesville, OK 74005-2543, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 36 Issue 6, p497; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: DENSITOMETRY; Subject Term: SULFUR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy of combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamic functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jct.2003.12.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dinh, L.N.
AU  - Schildbach, M.A.
AU  - Maxwell, R.S.
AU  - Siekhaus, W.J.
AU  - Balazs, B.
AU  - McLean II, W.
T1  - H2O outgassing from silica-filled polysiloxane TR55
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 274
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
SN  - 00219797
AB  - Temperature-programmed desorption/decomposition (TPD) was employed to obtain the moisture content and outgassing kinetics of TR55, a silica-filled cross-linked polysiloxane. The total moisture content of TR55 in the as-received state and after 20–30 min of vacuum pumping in the load-lock prior to TPD was measured to be on the order of 0.35 wt%. Physisorbed H2O and chemisorbed H2O account for about 13.2 and 86.8%, respectively, of the 0.35 wt% measured moisture content. H2O outgassing models based on the kinetics measured from TPD experiments suggest that loosely bound chemisorbed water outgasses in a dry environment slowly but continuously over many decades at or a little above room temperature. However, physisorbed water can be easily pumped out in a matter of hours at around 400 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - MOISTURE
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - Polysiloxane
KW  - Silica
KW  - Temperature-programmed desorption/decomposition
KW  - Water outgassing
N1  - Accession Number: 12984107; Dinh, L.N.; Email Address: dinh1@llnl.gov Schildbach, M.A. 1 Maxwell, R.S. 1 Siekhaus, W.J. 1 Balazs, B. 1 McLean II, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 274 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: MOISTURE; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Polysiloxane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature-programmed desorption/decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water outgassing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.12.052
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bo Song
AU  - Weinong Chen
AU  - Frew, Danny J.
T1  - Dynamic Compressive Response and Failure Behavior of an Epoxy Syntactic Foam.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 915
EP  - 936
SN  - 00219983
AB  - The high-strain-rate compressive behavior of an epoxy syntactic foam is examined in this study. A pulse-shaped split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB), modified for low-impedance material testing, was used to ensure that the samples deformed under dynamic equilibrium and at a nearly constant strain-rate. Dynamic stress equilibrium in the specimen was monitored for each experiment using piezoelectric force transducers mounted close to the specimen end-faces. Quasi-static experiments were also conducted to demonstrate rate effects of the foam, as well as to study its failure behavior. It was determined that the compressive strength of the foam increased with strain rate up to a transition strain rate of between 550 and 1030s-1. For experiments conducted at strain rates above this transition range, strain-rate-induced damage caused the compressive strength of the foam to decrease. Based on the experimental results, a constitutive model with strain-rate and damage effects was developed, which described the test data well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FAILURE analysis (Engineering)
KW  - FOAM
KW  - BARS (Engineering)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Testing
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC transducers
KW  - compressive response
KW  - constitutive model
KW  - epoxy syntactic foam
KW  - failure behavior
KW  - split Hopkinson pressure bar
KW  - strain-rate sensitivity
N1  - Accession Number: 13708133; Bo Song 1 Weinong Chen 2; Email Address: weinong@u.arizona.edu Frew, Danny J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Research Assistant Professor, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona  2: Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0119, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1174, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 11, p915; Subject Term: FAILURE analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: FOAM; Subject Term: BARS (Engineering); Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Testing; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC transducers; Author-Supplied Keyword: compressive response; Author-Supplied Keyword: constitutive model; Author-Supplied Keyword: epoxy syntactic foam; Author-Supplied Keyword: failure behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: split Hopkinson pressure bar; Author-Supplied Keyword: strain-rate sensitivity; Number of Pages: 22p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304040552
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Unger, André
AU  - Finsterle, Stefan
AU  - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur
T1  - Transport of radon gas into a tunnel at Yucca Mountain—estimating large-scale fractured tuff hydraulic properties and implications for the operation of the ventilation system
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 70
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 171
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Radon gas concentrations have been monitored as part of the operation of a tunnel (the Exploratory Studies Facility—ESF) at Yucca Mountain to ensure worker safety. The objective of this study was to examine the potential use of the radon data to estimate large-scale formation properties of fractured tuffs. This objective was examined by developing a numerical model, based upon the characteristics of the ESF and the Topopah Spring welded (TSw) tuff unit, capable of predicting radon concentrations for prescribed ventilation conditions. The model was used to address two specific issues. First, it was used to estimate the permeability and porosity of the fractures in the TSw at the length scale of the ESF and extending tens of meters into the TSw, which surrounds the ESF. Second, the model was used to understand the mechanism leading to radon concentrations exceeding a specified level within the ESF. The mechanism controlling radon concentrations in the ESF is a function of atmospheric barometric fluctuations being propagated down the ESF along with ventilated air flow and the slight suction induced by the ventilation exhaust fans at the South Portal of the ESF. These pressure fluctuations are dampened in the TSw fracture continuum according to its permeability and porosity. Consequently, as the barometric pressure in the ESF drops rapidly, formation gases from the TSw are pulled into the ESF, resulting in an increase in radon concentrations. Model calibration to both radon concentrations measured in the ESF and gas-phase pressure fluctuations in the TSw yielded concurrent estimates of TSw fracture permeability and porosity of 1×10-11 m2 and 0.00034, respectively. The calibrated model was then used as a design tool to predict the effect of adjusting the current ventilation-system operation strategy for reducing the probability of radon gas concentrations exceeding a specified level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radon
KW  - Noble gases
KW  - Safety
KW  - Welding
KW  - Fracture permeability
KW  - Fracture porosity
KW  - Inverse modeling
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Yucca Mountain
N1  - Accession Number: 13065986; Unger, André 1; Email Address: aunger@scimail.uwaterloo.ca; Finsterle, Stefan 2; Email Address: SAFinsterle@lbl.gov; Bodvarsson, Gudmundur 2; Email Address: GSBodvarsson@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Department, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave, West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 361; 2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 70 Issue 3/4, p153; Thesaurus Term: Radon; Thesaurus Term: Noble gases; Thesaurus Term: Safety; Subject Term: Welding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yucca Mountain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - A composite medium approximation for unsaturated flow in layered sediments
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 70
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 247
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Saturated–unsaturated flow in strictly layered sediments proceeds via conductors in parallel in the direction parallel to bedding, and via resistors in series in the direction perpendicular to bedding. On sufficiently small scales of space and time, flow in such media will be subject to approximate capillary equilibrium locally, which provides a basis for approximating the effective hydraulic conductivity of a composite multi-layer medium in terms of the conductivities of the individual layers. Equations for the hydraulic conductivity tensor in “composite medium approximation” (COMA) are given in a coordinate system aligned with bedding. Hydraulic conductivity parallel to bedding is generally larger than in the perpendicular direction. The anisotropy depends on the spread of the conductivity distribution, and tends to increase for dryer conditions. The COMA model was implemented in a multi-phase flow simulator and tested by comparison with high-resolution simulations in which all layering heterogeneity is resolved explicitly. Under favorable conditions, COMA is found to accurately represent sub-grid scale flow and transport processes, providing a practical method for simulating field-scale flow and transport in layered media. The approximation improves when layers are thinner, and when flow rates are smaller. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - Soil permeability
KW  - Flow meters
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Aniostropy
KW  - Lateral spreading
KW  - Layered media
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 13065989; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: k_pruess@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Rd-Mailstop 90-1116, Berkely CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 70 Issue 3/4, p225; Thesaurus Term: PERMEABILITY; Thesaurus Term: Soil permeability; Thesaurus Term: Flow meters; Subject Term: Sediments (Geology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aniostropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lateral spreading; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.09.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Yong Ju
T1  - Formation of aluminum nitride thin films as gate dielectrics on Si (1 0 0)
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 266
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 568
EP  - 572
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Aluminum nitride (AlN) films were prepared on p-type Si (1 0 0) substrates using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) with AlCl3 as the precursor and an NH3/Ar/H2 plasma as the reactant. The compositional depth profiles of the AlN films were analyzed by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES); hydrogen (H) and chlorine (Cl) impurities were determined from Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) and elastic recoil detection-time of flight (ERD-TOF). To study the formation of the interfacial layer, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were obtained of AlN films before and after annealing. As-deposited films were annealed using a rapid thermal process (RTP) at 700°C for 5 min in ambient N2. The AlN films were nitrogen-rich, and the concentrations of H and Cl incorporated in the AlN were 2.01 and 0.25 at%, respectively. An approximately 0.4-nm-thick interfacial layer was generated after the annealing process, and the nitrogen-rich AlN films contributed to the formation of the interlayer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM silicates
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - A3. Atomic layer deposition
KW  - A3. Thin film growth
KW  - B1. Aluminum nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 13114584; Lee, Yong Ju 1; Email Address: yjlee2@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 266 Issue 4, p568; Subject Term: ALUMINUM silicates; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Atomic layer deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Thin film growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Aluminum nitride; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.03.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiang, Ming-Hsi
AU  - Dzielawa, Julie A.
AU  - Dietz, Mark L.
AU  - Antonio, Mark R.
T1  - Redox chemistry of the Keggin heteropolyoxotungstate anion in ionic liquids
JO  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 567
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 84
SN  - 15726657
AB  - The solid salts of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium and the 1-n-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium cations, abbreviated [C2mim]+ and [C5mim]+, respectively, of the Keggin heteropolyanion, α-[PW12O40]3-, were prepared. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements of both [Cnmim]3[α-PW12O40] salts (for <f>n=2</f> and 5) were performed in acetonitrile containing either tetra-n-butylammonium hexafluorophosphate, abbreviated TBAPF6, or the corresponding [Cnmim]BF4 ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes. The results are compared with the corresponding data obtained in the neat [Cnmim]BF4 ILs without addition of other electrolytes. The effects of countercation and supporting electrolyte on the voltammetry of the Keggin ion α-[PW12O40]3- are interpreted as resulting from an amalgamation of isomerization, ion-association, and redox processes. The combination of the unique solvent/electrolyte properties of ILs with the well-known electrochemistry of molecular polyoxometalates (POMs) like the Keggin anion leads to redox behavior that may have impact on the research and technology of catalytic and energy-storage phenomena. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
KW  - POLYOXOMETALATES
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - Cyclic voltammetry
KW  - Differential pulse voltammetry
KW  - Ionic liquid
KW  - Keggin anion
KW  - Polyoxometalate
N1  - Accession Number: 13066069; Chiang, Ming-Hsi 1 Dzielawa, Julie A. 1 Dietz, Mark L. 1 Antonio, Mark R.; Email Address: mantonio@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4831, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 567 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; Subject Term: POLYOXOMETALATES; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclic voltammetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential pulse voltammetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic liquid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Keggin anion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyoxometalate; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jelechem.2003.11.062
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nilson, R. H.
AU  - Griffiths, S. K.
AU  - Tchikanda, S. W.
AU  - Martinez, M. J.
AU  - Kihm, K. D.
T1  - Axially Tapered Microchannels of High Aspect Ratio for Evaporative Cooling Devices.
JO  - Journal of Heat Transfer
JF  - Journal of Heat Transfer
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 126
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
EP  - 462
SN  - 00221481
AB  - Analytical solutions are derived for evaporating flow in open rectangular microchannels having a uniform depth and a width that decreases along the channel axis.  The flow generally consists of two sequential domains, an entry domain where the  meniscus is attached to the top corners of the channel followed by a recession domain  where the meniscus retreats along the sidewalls toward the channel bottom.  Analytical solutions applicable within each domain are matched at their interface. Results  demonstrate that tapered channels provide substantially better cooling capacity than  straight channels of rectangular or triangular cross section, particularly under opposing  gravitational forces. A multiplicity of arbitrarily tapered channels can be microfabricated in  metals using LIGA, a process involving electrodeposition into a lithographically  patterned mold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Heat Transfer is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROREACTORS
KW  - EVAPORATION (Chemistry)
KW  - MENISCUS (Liquids)
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - COOLING
KW  - Channel Flow
KW  - Evaporation
KW  - Heat Pipes
KW  - Heat Transfer
KW  - Microscale
N1  - Accession Number: 13864343; Nilson, R. H. 1 Griffiths, S. K. 1 Tchikanda, S. W. 1 Martinez, M. J. 2 Kihm, K. D.; Affiliation:  1: Fluid and Thermal Modeling Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969  2: Multiphase Transport Processes Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-5800; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p453; Subject Term: MICROREACTORS; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: MENISCUS (Liquids); Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: COOLING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Channel Flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat Pipes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat Transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscale; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1735744
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13864343&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sindra, Peterson Årsköld
AU  - Prince, Barry J.
AU  - Krausz, Elmars
AU  - Smith, Paul J.
AU  - Pace, Ron J.
AU  - Picorel, Rafael
AU  - Seibert, Michael
T1  - Low-temperature spectroscopy of fully active PSII cores. Comparisons with CP43, CP47, D1/D2/cyt b559 fragments
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
SN  - 00222313
AB  - Comparisons of absorption spectra of photosystem II (PSII) core complexes with those of isolated CP43, CP47 and D1/D2/cyt b559 complexes show broadenings and shifts upon disassembly of the PSII core material. Spectra of PSII cores isolated from plants and cyanobacteria reveal marked changes in energies and intensities of the sharp features associated with P680. Low-temperature, illumination-induced electrochromic shifts in PSII cores allow identification of an excitation localized on pheopytin-a (pheo a) in D1. A weak interaction between an exciton component of P680 and the D1 pheo a, both located near 684 nm, is suggested. MCD spectra of 5- and 6-chlorophyll a D1/D2/cytochrome b559 preparations provide links to photoactive pigments in intact PSII cores. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - ELECTROCHROMIC devices
KW  - CYTOCHROME b
KW  - CD
KW  - Exciton coupling
KW  - MCD
KW  - Photosystem
KW  - Stark shifts
N1  - Accession Number: 12982028; Sindra, Peterson Årsköld 1 Prince, Barry J. 1 Krausz, Elmars 1; Email Address: krausz@rsc.anu.edu.au Smith, Paul J. 2 Pace, Ron J. 2 Picorel, Rafael 3 Seibert, Michael 3; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia  2: Faculties Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden Colorado, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 1-4, p97; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: ELECTROCHROMIC devices; Subject Term: CYTOCHROME b; Author-Supplied Keyword: CD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exciton coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photosystem; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stark shifts; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jlumin.2004.01.023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12982028&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hughes, Joseph L.
AU  - Prince, Barry J.
AU  - Årsköld, Sindra Peterson
AU  - Krausz, Elmars
AU  - Pace, Ron J.
AU  - Picorel, Rafael
AU  - Seibert, Michael
T1  - Photo-conversion of chlorophylls in higher-plant CP43 characterized by persistent spectral hole burning at 1.7 K
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
SN  - 00222313
AB  - The chlorophyll–protein complex CP43 is a proximal-antenna subunit important for excitation energy transfer from peripheral light-harvesting antenna to the Photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre. We report persistent spectral hole burning at 1.7 K in the <f>Qy</f>(0,0) origin and <f>Qy</f>(1,0) vibrational satellite bands of chlorophyll a (chl a) in CP43 isolated from higher plants. The isolated CP43 is known to possess two quasi-degenerate ‘red’ trap states. We find persistent hole burning in the primary trap exhibits a photoconversion property, with a photoproduct located well outside its inhomogeneous distribution. This photoconversion of trap chl a molecules also occurs with non-selective white light illumination. The contribution of the ‘red’ states to CP43 absorption is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - CP43
KW  - Hole burning
KW  - Photoproduct
KW  - Vibration
N1  - Accession Number: 12982036; Hughes, Joseph L. 1 Prince, Barry J. 1 Årsköld, Sindra Peterson 1 Krausz, Elmars 1; Email Address: krausz@rsc.anu.edu.au Pace, Ron J. 2 Picorel, Rafael 3 Seibert, Michael 3; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia  2: Faculties Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 1-4, p131; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: CP43; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hole burning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoproduct; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibration; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jlumin.2004.01.030
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12982036&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Sanguk
AU  - Cross, T.A.
T1  - 2D solid state NMR spectral simulation of 310, α, and π-helices
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 168
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 193
SN  - 10907807
AB  - Transmembrane helices are more uniform in structure than similar helices in water soluble proteins. Solid state NMR of aligned bilayer samples is being increasingly used to characterize helical membrane protein structures. Traditional spectroscopic methods have difficulty distinguishing between helices with <f>i</f> to <f>i+3</f> (310), <f>i</f> to <f>i+4</f> (α), and <f>i</f> to <f>i+5</f> (π) hydrogen bonding topology. Here, we show that resonance patterns in PISEMA spectra simulated for these different helices show unique and striking features. The size and shape of these Polar Index Slant Angle (PISA) wheels, as well as the resonances per turn and clockwise versus counter-clockwise sequential connectivity of the resonances demonstrate how these different helical structures, if present as a uniform structure, will be readily distinguished, and characterized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - MOLECULAR association
KW  - α-Helices
KW  - π-Helices
KW  - 310 Helices
KW  - PISA wheels
KW  - PISEMA
N1  - Accession Number: 13106056; Kim, Sanguk 1 Cross, T.A. 1,2; Email Address: cross@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 168 Issue 2, p187; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Author-Supplied Keyword: α-Helices; Author-Supplied Keyword: π-Helices; Author-Supplied Keyword: 310 Helices; Author-Supplied Keyword: PISA wheels; Author-Supplied Keyword: PISEMA; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.02.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13106056&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gan, Zhehong
AU  - Kwak, Hyung-Tae
T1  - Enhancing MQMAS sensitivity using signals from multiple coherence transfer pathways
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 168
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 346
EP  - 351
SN  - 10907807
AB  - Multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning experiment removes second-order quadrupolar broadening from the central-transition of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. This paper presents a novel scheme to enhance the sensitivity of MQMAS using signals from multiple coherence transfer pathways. The enhancement can be obtained in two ways. The first method uses the multiplex phase cycling to acquire MQMAS spectra from various coherence transfer pathways simultaneously. An addition of spectra collected with no extra time enhances the efficiency of the experiment. The second method, soft-pulse-added-mixing, is designed based on a complete alias of coherence transfer pathways. By properly fixing the soft-pulse phase, signals from various coherence transfer pathways can add constructively resulting higher signal intensities. The two methods are demonstrated for sensitivity enhancement with samples of spin—3/2 and 5/2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OCCULTISM
KW  - METHODOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13106077; Gan, Zhehong; Email Address: gan@magnet.fsu.edu Kwak, Hyung-Tae 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 168 Issue 2, p346; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OCCULTISM; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.03.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13106077&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bobev, Svilen
AU  - Bauer, Eric D.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
AU  - Sarrao, John L.
T1  - Single crystal growth, and magnetic and electronic properties of EuGa4
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 277
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
EP  - 243
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Large single crystals of the title compound were synthesized from the pure elements using an excess of molten Ga as a solvent. EuGa4 crystallizes in the body-centered tetragonal space group <f>I4/mmm</f> (BaAl4-structure type) with unit cell parameters <f>a=4.407(1)</f> Å and <f>c=10.635(3)</f> Å, and <f>c/a</f> ratio of 2.413. Temperature (2–350 K) dependence of the DC magnetization, along with the temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity and electronic heat capacity, is presented. According to these measurements, EuGa4 orders antiferromagnetically near <f>TN=15</f> K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - SPACE groups
KW  - BaAl4-structure type
KW  - Crystal growth
KW  - Eu-magnet
KW  - Flux synthesis
KW  - Rare-earth intermetallics
N1  - Accession Number: 13114676; Bobev, Svilen; Email Address: sbobev@lanl.gov Bauer, Eric D. 1 Thompson, J.D. 1 Sarrao, John L. 1; Affiliation:  1: MST-10: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics, MS K764, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 277 Issue 1/2, p236; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: SPACE groups; Author-Supplied Keyword: BaAl4-structure type; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eu-magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flux synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare-earth intermetallics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.11.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13114676&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klett, J. W.
AU  - McMillan, A. D.
AU  - Gallego, N. C.
AU  - Walls, C. A.
T1  - The role of structure on the thermal properties of graphitic foams.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3659
EP  - 3676
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - A high conductivity graphite loam developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) owes its unique thermal properties to the highly aligned graphitic structure along the cell walls. The material exhibits a peak in thermal conductivity at temperatures similar to that of highly ordered natural graphite, indicating the loam has an extremely graphitic nature. This paper explores the graphitic structure of the loam and attempts to correlate the morphology of the ligaments with the bulk thermal properties, up to 182 W/m·K. First the manufacturing process of the foam and the resulting material properties are reported. Then, several models for representing the bulk materials properties are reviewed. Examination by optical image analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine the structure of the graphite foam. In addition, crystallographic structure determined by X-ray diffraction is reported. A simple two parameter model of the morphology was developed and then used to predict the overall thermal properties of the loam based on the assumed highly ordered ligament structure. This new model correlated (within 5%) thermal conductivity to density of several foams, provided the average ligament conductivity could be accurately represented. From the new model and the material characterization data, it was determined that the average ligament thermal conductivity of the loam is >1650 W/m·K at room temperature, and increases to more than 2300 W/m·K at liquid nitrogen temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - LOAM soils
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 15103428; Klett, J. W. 1; Email Address: klettjw@ornl.gov McMillan, A. D. 1 Gallego, N. C. 1 Walls, C. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 39 Issue 11, p3659; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: LOAM soils; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bena, Ioana
AU  - Khare, Avinash
AU  - Saxena, Avadh
T1  - Soliton lattice and single soliton solutions of the associated Lamé and Lamé potentials.
JO  - Journal of Mathematical Physics
JF  - Journal of Mathematical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 45
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2323
EP  - 2337
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00222488
AB  - We obtain the exact nontopological soliton lattice solutions of the associated Lamé equation in different parameter regimes and compute the corresponding energy for each of these solutions. We show that in specific limits these solutions give rise to nontopological (pulse-like) single solitons, as well as to different types of topological (kink-like) single soliton solutions of the associated Lamé equation. Following Manton, we also compute, as an illustration, the asymptotic interaction energy between these soliton solutions in one particular case. Finally, in specific limits, we deduce the soliton lattices, as well as the topological single soliton solutions of the Lamé equation, and also the sine-Gordon soliton solution. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Mathematical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
KW  - TOPOLOGICAL algebras
N1  - Accession Number: 13203802; Bena, Ioana 1 Khare, Avinash 2 Saxena, Avadh 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland  2: Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751005, India  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 45 Issue 6, p2323; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Subject Term: TOPOLOGICAL algebras; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1738952
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203802&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Draper, Bruce L.
AU  - Okandan, Murat
AU  - Mani, Seethambal S.
AU  - Bennett, R.S.
T1  - A Novel Method of Fabricating Integrated FETs for MEMS Applications.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 500
EP  - 504
SN  - 10577157
AB  - This paper demonstrates a simple technique for building n-channel MOSFETs and complex micromechanical systems simultaneously instead of serially, allowing a more straightforward integration of complete systems. The fabrication sequence uses few additional process steps and only one additional masking layer compared to a MEMS-only technology. The process flow forms the MOSFET gate electrode using the first level of mechanical polycrystalline silicon, while the MOSFET source and drain regions are formed by dopant diffusions into the substrate from subsequent levels of heavily doped poly that is used for mechanical elements. The process yields devices with good, repeatable electrical characteristics suitable for a wide range of digital and analog applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - Field-effect transistors (FETs)
KW  - microelectromechanical devices
KW  - microsensors
N1  - Accession Number: 13673433; Draper, Bruce L. 1; Email Address: draperbl@sandia.gov Okandan, Murat 1 Mani, Seethambal S. 1 Bennett, R.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, NM; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p500; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field-effect transistors (FETs); Author-Supplied Keyword: microelectromechanical devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: microsensors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 4 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.828735
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13673433&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bernstein, Jonathan J.
AU  - Taylor, William P.
AU  - Brazzle, John D.
AU  - Corcoran, Christopher J.
AU  - Kirkos, Gregory
AU  - Odhner, Jefferson E.
AU  - Pareek, Ajay
AU  - Waelti, Marc
AU  - Zai, Marvin
T1  - Electromagnetically Actuated Mirror Arrays for Use in 3-D Optical Switching Applications.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 526
EP  - 535
SN  - 10577157
AB  - This paper presents an electromagnetic MEMS mirror technology for use in 3-D optical switching applications. These mirrors may be actuated through large angles at low voltage and low current. Multiple coils on the backs of the mirrors interact with permanent magnetic fields to provide two-axis orthogonal actuation. A custom package brings the MEMS mirror array and magnets into close proximity. Actuation is linear versus drive current on both axes, and displays negligible charging and drift. These mirrors have achieved greater than 10° mechanical rotation per mA in each axis. The mirror rotation angle is hysteresis free to less than the 0.01° measurement accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MIRRORS
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - TRANSDUCERS
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - Actuators
KW  - electromagnetic actuation
KW  - magnetic transducers
N1  - Accession Number: 13673436; Bernstein, Jonathan J. 1; Email Address: jbernstein@draper.com Taylor, William P. 2 Brazzle, John D. 3 Corcoran, Christopher J. 4 Kirkos, Gregory 1 Odhner, Jefferson E. 5 Pareek, Ajay 6 Waelti, Marc 7 Zai, Marvin 4; Affiliation:  1: The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, MA  2: Allegro Microsystems, Manchester, NH  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA  4: Corcoran Engineering, MA  5: BAE Systems, NH  6: Corning IntelliSense, MA  7: Phonak AG, Switzerland; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p526; Subject Term: MIRRORS; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: TRANSDUCERS; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actuators; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromagnetic actuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic transducers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414390 Other home furnishings merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 16 Black and White Photographs, 7 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.828705
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, James F. (Red)
AU  - Kozlowski, David M.
AU  - Trinkle, Jeffrey C.
T1  - Micro-scale force-fit insertion.
JO  - Journal of Micromechatronics
JF  - Journal of Micromechatronics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 2
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 200
PB  - VSP International Science Publishers
SN  - 13892258
AB  - Several LIGA (Lithography Galvonoforming Abforming) test mechanisms have been designed and fabricated to study tribology and performance attributes of LIGA mechanisms. The LIGA test mechanism studied in this paper is a ratchet drive mechanism consisting primarily of pawls, cams and springs, ranging in size from about one-half millimeter to tens of millimeters, of various nickel alloys fabricated using the LIGA process. To assemble the test mechanism, subassemblies are made by inserting force-fit pins into stacks of piece-parts. These pins are cut from 170 μm wire and range from 500 to 1000 μm in length. Human insertion of these pins is extremely difficult due to their small size and tolerances required to perform the force-fit operation. This paper describes the tooling to permit fabrication, bulk handling and force-fit insertion of pins with the operator-guidedautomation required to achieve micron-scale tolerances using hybrid force/position control algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Micromechatronics is the property of VSP International Science Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICAL movements
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ASSEMBLY
KW  - FIXTURING
KW  - FORCE CONTROL
KW  - FORCE FIT
KW  - LIGA
KW  - MICROSYSTEMS
KW  - ROBOTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13030951; Jones, James F. (Red) 1; Email Address: redjone@sandia.gov Kozlowski, David M. 1 Trinkle, Jeffrey C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Intelligent Systems and Robotics Centen Albuquerque, NM 87I85, USA  2: Rensselaer Polytechic Institute, Department of Computer Science, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 2 Issue 3/4, p185; Subject Term: MECHANICAL movements; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ASSEMBLY; Author-Supplied Keyword: FIXTURING; Author-Supplied Keyword: FORCE CONTROL; Author-Supplied Keyword: FORCE FIT; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIGA; Author-Supplied Keyword: MICROSYSTEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROBOTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1163/156856304773954278
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Perrey, C. R.
AU  - Carter, C. B.
AU  - Michael, J. R.
AU  - Kotula, P. G.
AU  - Stach, E. A.
AU  - Radmilovic, V. R.
T1  - Using the FIB to characterize nanoparticle materials.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 214
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
EP  - 236
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - In the 1–100-nm size regime, the properties of materials can differ significantly from those of their bulk counterparts. The present study applies the focused ion beam (FIB) tool to the characterization of nanoscale structures for scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The strength of this method is its ability to manufacture samples that cannot be produced using traditional means. The films of nanoparticles examined here are examples of such systems; the films are found to be not fully dense, composed of chemically heterogeneous areas and mechanically different from the substrate. Distinct advantages of the application of the FIB for characterization of nanoscale structures are highlighted for several nanoparticle structures. This successful application of FIB techniques provides a pathway to integrate the study of nanoscale production techniques and their resulting structure–property relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SAMPLE introduction (Chemistry)
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 13154331; Perrey, C. R. 1 Carter, C. B. 1; Email Address: carter@cems.umn.edu Michael, J. R. 2 Kotula, P. G. 2 Stach, E. A. 3 Radmilovic, V. R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Univesity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185-0886, U.S.A.  3: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road Mailstop 72, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 214 Issue 3, p222; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SAMPLE introduction (Chemistry); Subject Term: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0022-2720.2004.01325.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maki, Arthur
AU  - Blake, Thomas A.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
AU  - Frieh, John
AU  - Barber, Jeffrey
AU  - Masiello, Tony
AU  - Chrysostom, Engelene t.H.
AU  - Nibler, Joseph W.
AU  - Weber, Alfons
T1  - Analysis of some combination-overtone infrared bands of 32S16O3
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 225
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 122
SN  - 00222852
AB  - Several new infrared absorption bands for 32S16O3 have been measured and analyzed. The principal bands observed were <f>ν1+ν2</f> (at 1561 cm-1), <f>ν1+ν4</f> (at 1594 cm-1), <f>ν3+ν4</f> (at 1918 cm-1), and <f>3ν3</f> (at 4136 cm-1). Except for <f>3ν3</f>, these bands are very complicated because of (a) the Coriolis coupling between <f>ν2</f> and <f>ν4</f>, (b) the Fermi resonance between <f>ν1</f> and <f>2ν4</f>, (c) the Fermi resonance between <f>ν1</f> and <f>2ν2</f>, (d) ordinary <f>l</f>-type resonance that couples levels that differ by 2 in both the <f>k</f> and <f>l</f> quantum numbers, and (e) the vibrational <f>l</f>-type resonance between the <f>A1′</f> and <f>A2′</f> levels of <f>ν3+ν4</f>. The unraveling of the complex pattern of these bands was facilitated by a systematic approach to the understanding of the various interactions. Fortunately, previous work on the fundamentals permitted good estimates of many constants necessary to begin the assignments and the fit of the measurements. In addition, the use of hot band transitions accompanying the <f>ν3</f> band was an essential aid in fitting the <f>ν3+ν4</f> transitions since these could be directly observed for only one of four interacting states. From the hot band analysis we find that the <f>A1′</f> vibrational level is 3.50 cm-1 above the <f>A2′</f> level, i.e., <f>r34=1.75236(7)</f> cm-1. In the case of the <f>3ν3</f> band, the spectral analysis is straightforward and a weak <f>Δk=±2</f>, <f>Δl3=±2</f> interaction between the <f>l3=1</f> and <f>l3=3</f> substates locates the latter <f>A1′</f> and <f>A2′</f> “ghost” states 22.55(4) cm-1 higher than the infrared accessible <f>l3=1</f> <f>E′</f> state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13060821; Maki, Arthur 1 Blake, Thomas A. 2 Sams, Robert L. 2 Frieh, John 3 Barber, Jeffrey 3 Masiello, Tony 3 Chrysostom, Engelene t.H. 3 Nibler, Joseph W. 3; Email Address: Niblerj@chem.orst.edu Weber, Alfons 4,5; Affiliation:  1: 15012 24th Ave., S.E. Mill Creek, WA 98012-5718, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97332-4003, USA  4: National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USA  5: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 225 Issue 2, p109; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jms.2004.02.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goss, Lisa M.
AU  - Mortensen, Clay D.
AU  - Blake, Thomas A.
T1  - Rotationally resolved spectroscopy of the <f>ν8</f> band of cis-methyl nitrite
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 225
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 182
EP  - 188
SN  - 00222852
AB  - The 770–880 cm-1 region of the methyl nitrite spectrum has been recorded at a resolution of 0.0015 cm-1 in a static cell. Consistent with published determinations of the barrier to internal rotation of the methyl group, bands belonging to the trans isomer are very congested while those belonging to the cis isomer are more tractable. A total of 634 lines have been assigned in the <f>ν8</f> vibrational band of the cis isomer. These lines and 32 microwave lines have been globally fit to a Watson-type Hamiltonian with an rms deviation of 0.00044 cm-1. An additional 150 lines were also assigned but were not included in the fit because they were split by 0.001–0.005 cm-1, much larger than previously reported torsional or hyperfine splittings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHYL groups
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - HYPERFINE structure
N1  - Accession Number: 13060830; Goss, Lisa M. 1; Email Address: gosslisa@isu.edu Mortensen, Clay D. 1 Blake, Thomas A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Idaho State University, Campus Box 8023, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 225 Issue 2, p182; Subject Term: METHYL groups; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: HYPERFINE structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jms.2004.02.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ray, Indrajit
AU  - Tideman, Sonja
T1  - A Secure TCP Connection Migration Protocol to Enable the Survivability of Client -- Server Applications Under Malicious Attack.
JO  - Journal of Network & Systems Management
JF  - Journal of Network & Systems Management
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 276
SN  - 10647570
AB  - Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection migration has been previously proposed to allow for the mobility of servers. In this paper we revisit TCP connection migration for purposes of server survivability against malicious denial-of-service attacks. We present a protocol that allows an on-going TCP connection to be migrated from one server to another. This migration is performed in a secure manner such that the protocol itself cannot be exploited for malicious attacks. Further the migration can be performed even in the case where the original server is compromised. The protocol has been designed so as to allow interoperability with legacy TCP protocols. It is intended to be the transport layer foundations over which survivable applications can be built. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Network & Systems Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER network protocols
KW  - SECURITY management
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - COMPUTER crimes
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - availability
KW  - connection-migration
KW  - security
KW  - Survivability
N1  - Accession Number: 14093313; Ray, Indrajit 1,2; Email Address: indrajit@cs.colostate.edu Tideman, Sonja 2; Email Address: stidema@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, Colorado State University, 601 S Howes street, Fort Collins, Co 80523, US.  2: Sandia National Laboratories.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p251; Subject Term: COMPUTER network protocols; Subject Term: SECURITY management; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER crimes; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Author-Supplied Keyword: availability; Author-Supplied Keyword: connection-migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: security; Author-Supplied Keyword: Survivability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hart, Robert T.
AU  - Zwanziger, Josef W.
AU  - Lee, Peter L.
T1  - The crystalline phase of (K2O)15(Nb2O5)15(TeO2)70 glass ceramic is a polymorph of K2Te4O9
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 337
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 48
EP  - 53
SN  - 00223093
AB  - We propose a new model for the crystalline phase of (K2O)15(Nb2O5)15 (TeO2)70 glass ceramic. A polymorph of K2Te4O9 in space group <f>P21/c</f> with a tetragonal lattice (<f>a=7.821</f> Å, <f>b=16.590</f> Å) is suggested which explains all the features of the observed diffraction patterns. This model of the ceramic phase has the cubic ordering of the cations that is indicated by the X-ray diffraction patterns, but has reasonable bond lengths and angles for the TeOx polyhedra and predicts the additional features that appear in the neutron diffraction data. The composition of the crystalline phase also explains the observed phase separation behavior. This new description of crystallization in the potassium niobate tellurite system has implications for understanding the non-linear optical response of the glass ceramic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS-ceramics
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - GLASS
N1  - Accession Number: 13114686; Hart, Robert T. 1 Zwanziger, Josef W. 2; Email Address: jzwanzig@dal.ca Lee, Peter L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Institute for Research in Materials, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J3  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 337 Issue 1, p48; Subject Term: GLASS-ceramics; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Subject Term: GLASS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.106
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Tang, M.
AU  - Valdez, J.A.
AU  - Lu, P.
AU  - Gosnell, G.E.
AU  - Wetteland, C.J.
AU  - Sickafus, K.E.
T1  - A cubic-to-monoclinic structural transformation in the sesquioxide Dy2O3 induced by ion irradiation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 328
IS  - 1
M3  - Letter
SP  - 71
EP  - 76
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Polycrystalline pellets of the sesquioxide Dy2O3 were irradiated at cryogenic temperature with Kr++ ions to a fluence of 1 × 1020 Kr/m2. The crystal structure of the irradiated Dy2O3 was observed to change from a cubic, so-called C-type rare-earth sesquioxide structure to a monoclinic, B-type rare-earth sesquioxide structure upon ion irradiation. This transformation is accompanied by a decrease in molecular volume (or density increase) of approximately 9%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - IONS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - 61.80.Jh
N1  - Accession Number: 13334062; Tang, M. 1,2 Valdez, J.A. 2 Lu, P. 1 Gosnell, G.E. 1,2 Wetteland, C.J. 2 Sickafus, K.E. 2; Email Address: kurt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 328 Issue 1, p71; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.80.Jh; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.02.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vadhiyar, Sathish S.
AU  - Dongarra, Jack J.
T1  - GrADSolve—a grid-based RPC system for parallel computing with application-level scheduling
JO  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
JF  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 64
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 774
EP  - 783
SN  - 07437315
AB  - Although some existing Remote Procedure Call (RPC) systems provide support for remote invocation of parallel applications, these RPC systems lack powerful scheduling methodologies for the dynamic selection of resources for the execution of parallel applications. Some RPC systems support parallel execution of software routines with simple modes of parallelism. Some RPC systems statically choose the configuration of resources for parallel execution even before the parallel routines are invoked remotely by the end user. These policies of the existing systems prevent them from being used for remotely solving computationally intensive parallel applications over dynamic computational Grid environments. In this paper, we discuss a RPC system called GrADSolve that supports execution of parallel applications over Grid resources. In GrADSolve, the resources used for the execution of parallel application are chosen dynamically based on the load characteristics of the resources and the characteristics of the application. Application-level scheduling is employed for taking into account both the application and resource properties. GrADSolve also stages the user''s data to the end resources based on the data distribution used by the end application. Finally, GrADSolve allows the users to store execution traces for problem solving and use the traces for subsequent solutions. Experiments are presented to prove that GrADSolve''s data staging mechanisms can significantly reduce the overhead associated with data movement in current RPC systems. Results are also presented to demonstrate the usefulness of utilizing the execution traces maintained by GrADSolve for problem solving. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems)
KW  - APPLICATION software
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
KW  - CONFIGURATION management
KW  - Application-level scheduling
KW  - Data staging
KW  - Execution traces
KW  - GrADSolve
KW  - Grid
KW  - RPC
N1  - Accession Number: 13626116; Vadhiyar, Sathish S. 1; Email Address: vss@cs.utk.edu Dongarra, Jack J. 2; Email Address: dongarra@cs.utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, 107, Ayres Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1301, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 64 Issue 6, p774; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL grids (Computer systems); Subject Term: APPLICATION software; Subject Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; Subject Term: CONFIGURATION management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Application-level scheduling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data staging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Execution traces; Author-Supplied Keyword: GrADSolve; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: RPC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpdc.2003.10.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - G. T.
AU  - Creighton
AU  - J. R.
T1  - Complex Formation between Magnesocene (MgCp2) and NH3:  Implications for p-Type Doping of Group III Nitrides and the Mg Memory Effect.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4873
EP  - 4877
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Magnesocene (biscyclopentadienylmagnesium) is a common precursor used for the p-type doping of GaN and other group III nitride materials. Unfortunately, difficulties remain with predictably controlling the incorporation of Mg during metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) film growth, which often exhibits poorly understood “memory effects.” Although the formation of a reaction product between magnesocene and ammonia has been previously speculated, one has never been experimentally isolated or identified. We have spectroscopically observed and identified, for the first time, the adducts formed between magnesocene and ammonia. Density functional theory (DFT) quantum chemistry calculations have also been performed on the system to determine the structures and energetics of the reaction products. It was found that ammonia can form condensable Lewis acid-base complexes with magnesocene in both 1:1 and 2:1 ratios (i.e., NH3-MgCp2 and (NH3)2-MgCp2) via nucleophilic attack of NH3 at the positively charged Mg center of MgCp2. Adduct formation is reversible, and the 1:1 and 2:1 products can be converted to one another by controlling the NH3 partial pressure. The formation and condensation of both adducts at room temperature is the probable parasitic source that leads to many of the observed Mg incorporation difficulties during the p-type doping of group III nitride materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - ALKALIES
KW  - PRODUCTS of subgroups
KW  - SURFACE hardening
N1  - Accession Number: 13314376; Wang G. T. 1 Creighton J. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS-0601, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 22, p4873; Subject Term: METAL organic chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: ALKALIES; Subject Term: PRODUCTS of subgroups; Subject Term: SURFACE hardening; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325181 Alkali and chlorine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haranczyk
AU  - M.
AU  - Dabkowska
AU  - I.
AU  - Rak
AU  - J.
AU  - Gutowski
AU  - Nilles
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Stokes
AU  - S.
AU  - Radisic
AU  - D.
AU  - Bowen
AU  - K. H. Jr.
T1  - Excess Electron Attachment Induces Barrier-Free Proton Transfer in Anionic Complexes of Thymine and Uracil with Formic Acid.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6919
EP  - 6921
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The anionic complexes of formic acid with uracil and thymine reveal broad features in photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) experiments with maxima at 1.7 and 1.1 eV, respectively. The results of quantum chemical calculations suggest that electron vertical detachment energies (VDE) of 1.6-1.9 eV correspond to anionic structures in which a proton has been transferred from the carboxylic group of the formic acid to the O8 atom of uracil or thymine. Smaller values of VDE (0.8 to 1.3 eV) correspond to chemically untransformed complexes, in which anionic uracil or thymine interacts through two hydrogen bonds with the carboxylic group of the intact formic acid. The recorded spectra and the results of quantum chemical calculations suggest that both nucleic acid bases undergo barrier-free proton transfer in anionic complexes with formic acid. The difference in experimental spectra of UF- and TF- provides an indication that the methyl group of thymine could make a difference in the intermolecular proton transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URACIL
KW  - CARBOXYLIC acids
KW  - THYMINE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13314396; Haranczyk M. 1 Dabkowska I. 1 Rak J. 1 Gutowski Nilles J. M. 1 Stokes S. 1 Radisic D. 1 Bowen K. H. Jr. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland, and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 22, p6919; Subject Term: URACIL; Subject Term: CARBOXYLIC acids; Subject Term: THYMINE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belot
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Clark
AU  - J.
AU  - Cowan
AU  - Harbison
AU  - G. S.
AU  - Kolesnikov
AU  - A. I.
AU  - Kye
AU  - Y.-S.
AU  - Schultz
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Silvernail
AU  - C.
AU  - Zhao
AU  - X.
T1  - The Shortest Symmetrical O-H···O Hydrogen Bond Has a Low-Barrier Double-Well Potential.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6922
EP  - 6926
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The strong hydrogen bond, in which a hydrogen atom is centered between two electronegative atoms in a single minimum potential has been widely discussed but rarely definitively observed. The compound 4-cyano-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione has the shortest symmetrical O-H···O hydrogen bond yet reported, at 239.3 pm. Neutron crystallography reveals the hydrogen-bonded proton to be nearly centered between the two oxygens, with a highly elongated thermal ellipsoid. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the normal and isotope labeled molecule reveal a hydrogen-bond vibrational frequency at 46.0 meV (371 cm-1). This frequency is too low to be compatible with a single-minimum potential and indicates a low-barrier double minimum. The temperature dependence of the NMR properties confirms the existence of a thermally accessible vibrationally excited state for the bond. Because other short hydrogen bonds show similar NMR behavior, it is likely that no “strong” hydrogen bond of this sort has yet been discovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - RADIOLABELING
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
N1  - Accession Number: 13314397; Belot J. A. 1 Clark J. 1 Cowan Harbison G. S. 1 Kolesnikov A. I. 1 Kye Y.-S. 1 Schultz A. J. 1 Silvernail C. 1 Zhao X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, and Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4814; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 22, p6922; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: RADIOLABELING; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deb
AU  - A.
AU  - Bergmann
AU  - U.
AU  - Cairns
AU  - E. J.
AU  - Cramer
AU  - S. P.
T1  - Structural Investigations of LiFePO4 Electrodes by Fe X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 7046
EP  - 7051
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) have been performed on LiFePO4, and on electrodes containing this material to determine the local atomic and electronic structure and their stability with electrochemical cycling (repeated charging and discharging). Comparison of the XANES data for the powder sample, uncycled electrode, and cycled electrodes 7SG and 9SG reveals that the Fe ions are octahedrally coordinated and in the Fe2+ state. Even after repeated charging and discharging, the structure of the LiFePO4 cycled electrodes (7SG, cycled 64 times, and 9SG, cycled 21 times) did not change and hence the material possesses very desirable characteristics for an electrode. This makes it an excellent choice for long cycle life Li-ion battery applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ELECTROLYSIS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13314416; Deb A. 1 Bergmann U. 1 Cairns E. J. 1 Cramer S. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 22, p7046; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: ELECTROLYSIS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKnight
AU  - T. E.
AU  - Melechko
AU  - A. V.
AU  - Austin
AU  - D. W.
AU  - Sims
AU  - T.
AU  - Guillorn
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Simpson
AU  - M. L.
T1  - Microarrays of Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes in an Open Fluidic Channel.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 7115
EP  - 7125
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of microarrays of individually addressable vertically aligned carbon nanofiber electrodes contained within an open fluidic channel are described. Compatibility of the deterministic synthesis of vertically aligned nanofibers with conventional microfabrication techniques enables the development of relatively complex, functional multilevel devices that may be produced efficiently in large numbers. The vertical orientation of nanofibers provides a basis for small volume electroanalyses in probing regions elevated above the planar substrate, which can enable applications including electroanalysis within and around live cell matrixes, high aspect ratio probing structures for scanning electrochemical microscopy, and channel-resident electrodes with high capture efficiency for electrochemical detection of microfluidic chemical separations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROFOILS
KW  - SCANNING electrochemical microscopy
KW  - LIGHT elements
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13314424; McKnight T. E. 1 Melechko A. V. 1 Austin D. W. 1 Sims T. 1 Guillorn M. A. 1 Simpson M. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 22, p7115; Subject Term: AEROFOILS; Subject Term: SCANNING electrochemical microscopy; Subject Term: LIGHT elements; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teske
AU  - C. A.
AU  - Blanch
AU  - H. W.
AU  - Prausnitz
AU  - J. M.
T1  - Measurement of Lysozyme-Lysozyme Interactions with Quantitative Affinity Chromatography.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 108
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 7437
EP  - 7444
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A chromatographic method is used to measure lysozyme-lysozyme interactions in aqueous salt solutions as a function of solution conditions (pH, ionic strength, and salt type). Compared to static light scattering and membrane osmometry, the chromatographic method requires significantly less protein. To interpret retention-time data, it is necessary to account for multibody interactions between a mobile lysozyme molecule and immobilized lysozyme molecules on the support surface. The interaction between lysozyme molecules may be described by a potential of mean force that contains hard-sphere, electrostatic, and square-well contributions. Square-well depths from chromatographic data are in semiquantitative agreement with those from osmotic second virial coefficients from static light scattering measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLYCOSIDASES
KW  - LYSOZYMES
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - AFFINITY chromatography
N1  - Accession Number: 13314464; Teske C. A. 1 Blanch H. W. 1 Prausnitz J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California-Berkeley and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 22, p7437; Subject Term: GLYCOSIDASES; Subject Term: LYSOZYMES; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: AFFINITY chromatography; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helean, K.B.
AU  - Ushakov, S.V.
AU  - Brown, C.E.
AU  - Navrotsky, A.
AU  - Lian, J.
AU  - Ewing, R.C.
AU  - Farmer, J.M.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
T1  - Formation enthalpies of rare earth titanate pyrochlores
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 177
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1858
EP  - 1866
SN  - 00224596
AB  - High-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry and Rietveld refinements of powder X-ray diffraction data were used to investigate the structure (Fd3m; Z=8) and energetics of a series of RE2Ti2O7 (RE=Sm–Lu) compounds with the pyrochlore structure as well as La2Ti2O7 with a layered perovskite-type structure. All of the RE-titanates were found to be stable in enthalpy with respect to their oxides. In the pyrochlore series, Lu2Ti2O7 was least stable in enthalpy (<f>ΔH</f>f-ox at 298 K=-56.0±4.0 kJ/mol); the most stable materials were Gd-, Eu-, and Sm2Ti2O7 with <f>ΔH</f>f-ox at 298 K=-113.4±2.7, -106.1±4.2, -115.4±4.2 kJ/mol, respectively. In general, as the radius ratio of the A- to B-site cations, <f>RA/RB</f>, decreases, the pyrochlore structure becomes less stable. The trend of ionic radius of the RE3+ cation vs. <f>ΔH</f>f-ox at 298 K is non-linear and approximately parallels the increasing “resistance” to ion-beam-induced amorphization as <f>RA/RB</f> decreases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - Enthalpy
KW  - Nuclear waste
KW  - Pyrochlore
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 13106127; Helean, K.B. 1,2 Ushakov, S.V. 1 Brown, C.E. 1 Navrotsky, A. 1; Email Address: anavrotsky@ucdavis.edu Lian, J. 2 Ewing, R.C. 2,3 Farmer, J.M. 4 Boatner, L.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Thermochemistry Facility, NEAT ORU, The University of California at Davis, One Sheilds Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6056, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 177 Issue 6, p1858; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear waste; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrochlore; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.01.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Axel Nørlund
AU  - Jensen, Torben R.
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
T1  - Formation of ettringite, Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O, AFt, and monosulfate, Ca4Al2O6(SO4)·14H2O, AFm-14, in hydrothermal hydration of Portland cement and of calcium aluminum oxide—calcium sulfate dihydrate mixtures studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 177
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1944
EP  - 1951
SN  - 00224596
AB  - In the hydration of calcium aluminum oxide–gypsum mixtures, i.e., Ca3Al2O6, Ca12Al14O33 and CaSO4·2H2O, the reaction products can be ettringite, Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O, monosulfate, Ca4Al2O6(SO4)·14H2O, or the calcium aluminum oxide hydrate, Ca4Al2O7·19H2O. Ettringite is formed if sufficient CaSO4·2H2O is present in the mixture. Ettringite is converted to monosulfate when all CaSO4·2H2O is consumed in the synthesis of ettringite. The reactions were investigated in the temperature range 25–170°C using in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. This technique allows the study of very fast chemical reactions that are observed here under hydrothermal conditions. A new experimental approach was developed to perform in situ mixing of the reactants during X-ray data collection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - Ettringite
KW  - Hydration
KW  - Hydrothermal
KW  - In situ powder diffraction
KW  - Monosulfate
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 13106140; Christensen, Axel Nørlund 1 Jensen, Torben R. 1; Email Address: trj@chem.au.dk Hanson, Jonathan C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 177 Issue 6, p1944; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ettringite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ powder diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monosulfate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2003.12.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weil, K.S.
T1  - The chromium tungsten nitride system: evidence of a disorder–order phase transformation
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 177
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1976
EP  - 1986
SN  - 00224596
AB  - A detailed investigation of the synthesis of CrWN2 from a chemical precursor has revealed that it forms via an intermediate disordered nitride. The kinetics of this disordered to ordered phase transformation have been determined and suggest that the layered compound nucleates and grows epitaxially out of the disordered nitride via a two-dimensional transformation mechanism in which cation ordering takes place at the interface between the two structures. Results from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis were used to identify the interfacial relationship between the disordered and ordered phases. In combination with our kinetic data, this information implies that ordering occurs through a short-range, interfacially controlled diffusional process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - Transition metal nitridges, phase transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 13106144; Weil, K.S. 1; Email Address: scott.weil@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science, Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 177 Issue 6, p1976; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition metal nitridges, phase transformation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.01.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherry, Brian R.
AU  - Nyman, May
AU  - Alam, Todd M.
T1  - Investigation of cation environment and framework changes in silicotitanate exchange materials using solid-state 23Na, 29Si, and 133Cs MAS NMR
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 177
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2079
EP  - 2093
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Crystalline silicotitanate (CST), HNa3Ti4Si2O14·4H2O and the Nb-substituted CST (Nb-CST), HNa2Ti3NbSi2O14·4H2O, are highly selective Cs+ sorbents, which makes them attractive materials for the selective removal of radioactive species from nuclear waste solutions. The structural basis for the improved Cs+ selectivity in the niobium analogs was investigated through a series of solid-state magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR experiments. Changes in the local environment of the Na+ and Cs+ cations in both CST and Nb-CST materials as a function of weight percent cesium exchange were investigated using 23Na and 133Cs MAS NMR. Framework changes induced by Cs+ loading and hydration state were investigated with 29Si MAS NMR. Multiple Cs+ environments were observed in the CST and Nb-CST material. The relative population of these different Cs+ environments varies with the extent of Cs+ loading. Marked changes in the framework Si environment were noted with the initial incorporation of Cs+, however with increased Cs+ loading the impact to the Si environment becomes less pronounced. The Cs+ environment and Si framework structure were influenced by the Nb-substitution and were greatly affected by the amount of water present in the materials. The increased Cs+ selectivity of the Nb-CST materials arises from both the chemistry and geometry of the tunnels and pores. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Ion exchange
KW  - Selectivity
KW  - Silicotitanate
KW  - Solid-state NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 13106157; Cherry, Brian R. 1; Email Address: brcherr@sandia.gov Nyman, May 2 Alam, Todd M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Organic Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800 MS0888, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA  2: Department of Geochemistry and the Department of Environmental Monitoring and Characterization, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 177 Issue 6, p2079; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicotitanate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state NMR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.02.020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13106157&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Nakagawa, Seiji
AU  - Nihei, Kurt T.
AU  - Myer, Larry R.
T1  - Plane wave solution for elastic wave scattering by a heterogeneous fracture.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 115
IS  - 6
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 2761
EP  - 2772
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A plane-wave method for computing the three-dimensional scattering of propagating elastic waves by a planar fracture with heterogeneous fracture compliance distribution is presented. This method is based upon the spatial Fourier transform of the seismic displacement-discontinuity (SDD) boundary conditions (also called linear slip interface conditions), and therefore, called the wave-number-domain SDD method (wd-SDD method). The resulting boundary conditions explicitly show the coupling between plane waves with an incident wave number component (specular component) and scattered waves which do not follow Snell's law (nonspecular components) if the fracture is viewed as a planar boundary. For a spatially periodic fracture compliance distribution, these boundary conditions can be cast into a linear system of equations that can be solved for the amplitudes of individual wave modes and wave numbers. We demonstrate the developed technique for a simulated fracture with a stochastic (correlated) surface compliance distribution. Low- and high-frequency solutions of the method are also compared to the predictions by low-order Born series in the weak and strong scattering limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC waves -- Scattering
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - LINEAR systems
N1  - Accession Number: 20805166; Nakagawa, Seiji 1; Email Address: snakagawa@lbl.gov Nihei, Kurt T. 1 Myer, Larry R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 115 Issue 6, p2761; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves -- Scattering; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Abstract
L3  - 10.1121/1.1739483
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watanabe, Toshiki
AU  - Nihei, Kurt T.
AU  - Nakagawa, Seiji
AU  - Myer, Larry R.
T1  - Viscoacoustic wave form inversion of transmission data for velocity and attenuation.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 115
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3059
EP  - 3067
SN  - 00014966
AB  - This study investigates the performance of a frequency domain viscoacoustic full wave form nonlinear inversion to obtain high resolution images of velocity and attenuation. An efficient frequency domain implementation is applied that consists of performing a series of single frequency inversions sweeping from low to high frequency. A cascaded inversion was adopted in which the real part of the velocity is first imaged using the phase information, then the quality factor (Q) is imaged using the amplitude information. Tests with synthetic data indicate that our approach yielded better images than the simultaneous determination of the real and imaginary parts of the complex velocity. The method is applied to laboratory data obtained in a water tank with suspended acrylic bars. Broadband 200 kHz data are obtained for a crosshole configuration with a computer-controlled scanning system and piezofilm source and detector. The velocity image produced by the full wave form inversion is compared to a curved ray travel time tomography velocity image, and was observed to possess higher resolution and more precise locations of the acrylic bars. The Q image shows a lower resolution than the velocity image, but recovers the correct Q for acrylic. This method can be applied for geophysical applications targeted to soil, unconsolidated rocks, and marine sediments and also nondestructive evaluation and medical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - SPEED
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 20805198; Watanabe, Toshiki 1,2; Email Address: watanabe@seis.nagoya-u.ac.jp Nihei, Kurt T. 3 Nakagawa, Seiji 3 Myer, Larry R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida-hon-machi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan  2: Research Center for Seismology, Volcanology, and Disaster Mitigation, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464- 8602, Japan  3: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 115 Issue 6, p3059; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1710878
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malvadkar, Shreekant B.
AU  - Smith, Dennis
AU  - McGurl, Gilbert V.
T1  - Supply Curves for Using Powder River Basin Coal to Reduce Sulfur Emissions.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 54
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 749
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Supply curves were prepared for coal-fired power plants in the contiguous United States switching to Wyoming's  Powder River Basin (PRB) low-sulfur coal. Up to 625 plants, representing ∼44% of the nameplate capacity of all coal-fired plants, could switch. If all switched, more than $8.8 billion additional capital would be required and the cost of electricity would increase by up to $5.9 billion per year, depending on levels of plant derating. Coal switching would result in sulfur dioxide (SO2)emissions reduction of 4.5 million t/yr. Increase in cost of electricity would be in the range of 0.31-0.73 cents per kilowatt-hour. Average cost of S emissions reduction could be as high as $1298 per t of SO2. Up to 367 plants, or 59% of selected plants with 32%of 44% nameplate capacity, could have marginal cost in excess of $1000 per t of SO2. Up to 73 plants would appear to benefit from both a lowering of the annual cost and a lowering of SO2 emissions by switching to the PRB coal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Coal
KW  - Power plants
KW  - Electric utilities
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Powder River Basin (Wyo. & Mont.)
KW  - Wyoming
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13306109; Malvadkar, Shreekant B. 1; Email Address: shreekant.malvadkar@netl.doe.gov; Smith, Dennis 2; McGurl, Gilbert V. 3; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia; 2: U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC; 3: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 54 Issue 6, p741; Thesaurus Term: Coal; Thesaurus Term: Power plants; Thesaurus Term: Electric utilities; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject: Powder River Basin (Wyo. & Mont.); Subject: Wyoming; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221118 Other Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes IV, James H.
AU  - Schilling, Gregory D.
AU  - Hieftje, Gary M.
AU  - Sperline, Roger P.
AU  - Denton, M. Bonner
AU  - Barinaga, Charles J.
AU  - Koppenaal, David W.
T1  - Use of a novel array detector for the direct analysis of solid samples by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma sector-field mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 769
EP  - 776
SN  - 10440305
AB  - The use of laser ablation (LA) as a sample-introduction method for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) creates a powerful tool for trace elemental analysis. With this type of instrument, high analyte spatial resolution is possible in three dimensions with ng/g limits of detection and minimal sample consumption. Here, simultaneous detection is used to eliminate the correlated noise that plagues the ablation process. This benefit allows analyses to be performed with single laser pulses, resulting in improved depth resolution, even less sample consumption, and improved measurement precision. The new instrument includes an LA sample-introduction system coupled to an ICP ionization source and a Mattauch-Herzog mass spectrograph (MHMS) fitted with a novel array detector. With this instrument, absolute limits of detection are in the tens to hundreds of fg regime and isotope-ratio precision is better than 0.02% RSD with a one-hour integration period. Finally, depth-profile analysis has been performed with a depth resolution of 5 nm per ablation event. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - SPECTROGRAPHS
N1  - Accession Number: 13114708; Barnes IV, James H. 1 Schilling, Gregory D. 1 Hieftje, Gary M. 1; Email Address: hieftje@indiana.edu Sperline, Roger P. 2 Denton, M. Bonner 2 Barinaga, Charles J. 3 Koppenaal, David W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p769; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: SPECTROGRAPHS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423490 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.01.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13114708&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hurst, Gregory B.
AU  - Lankford, Trish K.
AU  - Kennel, Stephen J.
T1  - Mass spectrometric detection of affinity purified crosslinked peptides
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 832
EP  - 839
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Chemical crosslinking of proteins combined with mass spectrometric analysis of the tryptic digest of the products shows considerable promise as a tool for interrogating structure and geometry of proteins and protein complexes. An impediment to the use of this tool has been the difficulty of distinguishing crosslinked peptide pairs from non-crosslinked peptides, and from the products of side reactions. We describe the use of a commercially available biotinylated crosslinking reagent, sulfo-SBED, that allows affinity-based enrichment of crosslinked species. An intramolecular crosslink is prepared using the peptide neurotensin as a model system. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectra show the predicted crosslinking product, as well as several side products. Finally, we describe the optimized enrichment of biotinylated species, and reduction of non-specific binding, for a batch-mode affinity separation based on immobilized monomeric avidin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - CROSSLINKING (Polymerization)
N1  - Accession Number: 13114714; Hurst, Gregory B. 1; Email Address: hurstgb@ornl.gov Lankford, Trish K. 2 Kennel, Stephen J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  2: Live Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p832; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: CROSSLINKING (Polymerization); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.02.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Russell, Scott C.
AU  - Czerwieniec, Gregg
AU  - Lebrilla, Carlito
AU  - Tobias, Herbert
AU  - Fergenson, David P.
AU  - Steele, Paul
AU  - Pitesky, Maurice
AU  - Horn, Joanne
AU  - Srivastava, Abneesh
AU  - Frank, Matthias
AU  - Gard, Eric E.
T1  - Toward understanding the ionization of biomarkers from micrometer particles by bio-aerosol mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 900
EP  - 909
SN  - 10440305
AB  - The appearance of informative signals in the mass spectra of laser-ablated bio-aerosol particles depends on the effective ionization probabilities (EIP) of individual components during the laser ionization process. This study investigates how bio-aerosol chemical composition governs the EIP values of specific components and the overall features of the spectra from the bio-aerosol mass spectrometry (BAMS). EIP values were determined for a series of amino acid, dipicolinic acid, and peptide aerosol particles to determine what chemical features aid in ionization. The spectra of individual amino acids and dipicolinic acid, as well as mixtures, were examined for extent of fragmentation and the presence of molecular ion dimers, which are indicative of ionization conditions. Standard mixtures yielded information with respect to the significance of secondary ion plume reactions on observed spectra. A greater understanding of how these parameters affect EIP and spectra characteristics of bio-aerosols will aid in the intelligent selection of viable future biomarkers for the identification of bio-terrorism agents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - MICROMETERS (Instruments)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13114723; Russell, Scott C. 1 Czerwieniec, Gregg 1 Lebrilla, Carlito 1; Email Address: cblebrilla@ucdavis.edu Tobias, Herbert 2 Fergenson, David P. 2 Steele, Paul 2 Pitesky, Maurice 2 Horn, Joanne 2 Srivastava, Abneesh 2 Frank, Matthias 2 Gard, Eric E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p900; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: MICROMETERS (Instruments); Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332210 Cutlery and hand tool manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332216 Saw Blade and Handtool Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.02.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fonseca, F.C.
AU  - Souza, J.A.
AU  - Jardim, R.F.
AU  - Muccillo, R.
AU  - Muccillo, E.N.S.
AU  - Gouvêa, D.
AU  - Jung, M.H.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
T1  - Transport properties of La0.6Y0.1Ca0.3MnO3 compounds with different interfaces
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 24
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1271
SN  - 09552219
AB  - The electrical resistivity ρ(T), magnetoresistivity ρ(T,H), and impedance spectroscopy Z(ω,T) of polycrystalline La0.6Y0.1Ca0.3MnO3 compounds with different intergranular surfaces were investigated. The interfaces were modified through controlled addition of pores in samples prepared by the sol-gel technique. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and mercury porosimetry analysis showed that all specimens are single phase having similar microstructures and differing only by the volume fraction of pore. ρ(T,H) and Z(ω,T) data revealed that all samples undergo a metal-insulator transition at T∼175 K. In addition, the Z(ω,T) data indicate two well defined contributions to the electrical resistivity. The ρ(T,H) data exhibit features of colossal magnetoresistivity CMR phenomenon but were found to be independent of porosity. The combined results suggest that the CMR effect is mainly associated with percolation of metallic regions and weakly dependent on sample morphology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - IMPEDANCE spectroscopy
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Impedance
KW  - Magnetoresistance
KW  - Perovskites
KW  - Porosity
N1  - Accession Number: 11968464; Fonseca, F.C. 1,2 Souza, J.A. 1 Jardim, R.F. 1; Email Address: rjardim@if.usp.br Muccillo, R. 3 Muccillo, E.N.S. 3 Gouvêa, D. 4 Jung, M.H. 5 Lacerda, A.H. 5; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil  2: CCTM-Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, SP, Brazil  3: CMDMC, CCTM-Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, SP, Brazil  4: Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Escola Politécnica, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil  5: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 24 Issue 6, p1271; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: IMPEDANCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00446-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arsenlis, Athanasios
AU  - M. Parks, David
AU  - Becker, Richard
AU  - V. Bulatov, Vasily
T1  - On the evolution of crystallographic dislocation density in non-homogeneously deforming crystals
JO  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
JF  - Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 52
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1213
SN  - 00225096
AB  - A set of evolution equations for dislocation density is developed incorporating the combined evolution of statistically stored and geometrically necessary densities. The statistical density evolves through Burgers vector-conserving reactions based in dislocation mechanics. The geometric density evolves due to the divergence of dislocation fluxes associated with the inhomogeneous nature of plasticity in crystals. Integration of the density-based model requires additional dislocation density/density-flux boundary conditions to complement the standard traction/displacement boundary conditions. The dislocation density evolution equations and the coupling of the dislocation density flux to the slip deformation in a continuum crystal plasticity model are incorporated into a finite element model. Simulations of an idealized crystal with a simplified slip geometry are conducted to demonstrate the length scale-dependence of the mechanical behavior of the constitutive model. The model formulation and simulation results have direct implications on the ability to explicitly model the interaction of dislocation densities with grain boundaries and on the net effect of grain boundaries on the macroscopic mechanical response of polycrystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - Continuum dislocation theory
KW  - Crystal plasticity
KW  - Strain gradient plasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 12573115; Arsenlis, Athanasios 1; Email Address: arsenlis@llnl.gov M. Parks, David 2 Becker, Richard 1 V. Bulatov, Vasily 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-371, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p1213; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuum dislocation theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain gradient plasticity; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmps.2003.12.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norton, D.P.
AU  - Heo, Y.W.
AU  - Ivill, M.P.
AU  - Ip, K.
AU  - Pearton, S.J.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F.
AU  - Steiner, T.
T1  - ZnO: growth, doping & processing
JO  - Materials Today
JF  - Materials Today
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 40
SN  - 13697021
AB  - A review is given here of recent results in developing improved control of growth, doping, and fabrication processes for ZnO devices with possible applications to ultraviolet (UV) light emitters, spin functional devices, gas sensors, transparent electronics, and surface acoustic wave devices. ZnO can be grown on cheap substrates such as glass at relatively low temperatures and may have advantages over the GaN system in some of these applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Today is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - LOW temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 13107310; Norton, D.P. 1 Heo, Y.W. 1 Ivill, M.P. 1 Ip, K. 1 Pearton, S.J. 1; Email Address: spear@mse.ufl.edu Chisholm, M.F. 2 Steiner, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Arlington, VA 22217, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 7 Issue 6, p34; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1369-7021(04)00287-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13107310&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Syn, Chris K. C.
AU  - Magnuson, Jon K.
AU  - Kingsley, Mark T.
AU  - Swarup, Sanjay
T1  - Characterization of Pseudomonas putida genes responsive to nutrient limitation.
JO  - Microbiology (13500872)
JF  - Microbiology (13500872)
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 150
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1661
EP  - 1669
SN  - 13500872
AB  - The low bioavailability of nutrients and oxygen in the soil environment has hampered successful expression of biodegradation and biocontrol genes that are driven by promoters highly active during routine laboratory conditions of high availability of nutrients and oxygen. Hence, in the present study, expression of the gus-tagged genes in 12 Tn5-gus mutants of the soil microbe Pseudomonas putida PNL-MK25 were examined under various conditions chosen to mimic the soil environment: low carbon, phosphate, nitrate or oxygen, and in the rhizosphere. Based on their expression profiles, three nutrient-responsive mutant (NRM) strains, NRM5, NRM7 and NRM17, were selected for identification of the tagged genes. In strain NRM5, expression of the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdhA) gene was increased 4·9–26·4-fold under various low-nutrient conditions. In NRM7, expression of the novel NADPH : quinone oxidoreductase-like (nql) gene was consistently amongst the highest and was synergistically upregulated by low-nutrient and anoxic conditions. The cyoD gene in NRM17, which encodes the fourth subunit of the cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase complex, had decreased expression in low-nutrient conditions but its absolute expression level was still amongst the highest. Additionally, it was independent of oxygen availability, in contrast to that in Escherichia coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbiology (13500872) is the property of Society for General Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil microbiology
KW  - Soil biology
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Bioavailability
KW  - Microbiology
KW  - Genes
KW  - Biochemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13833008; Syn, Chris K. C. 1,2; Magnuson, Jon K. 3; Kingsley, Mark T. 3; Swarup, Sanjay 1; Email Address: dbsss@nus.edu.sg; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore; 2: Centre for Forensic Science, Health Sciences Authority, 11 Outram Road, 169078, Singapore; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 150 Issue 6, p1661; Thesaurus Term: Soil microbiology; Thesaurus Term: Soil biology; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Thesaurus Term: Bioavailability; Thesaurus Term: Microbiology; Subject Term: Genes; Subject Term: Biochemistry; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1099/mic.0.26657-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, E.H.
AU  - Ha, D.
AU  - Liddle, J.A.
T1  - Sub-pixel alignment for direct-write electron beam lithography
JO  - Microelectronic Engineering
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 73/74
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 79
SN  - 01679317
AB  - We have developed a novel, sub-pixel alignment algorithm based on calculating a 3 × 3 array of residual values of the fit of an auto-correlation of an alignment mark template with the cross-correlation of the template with an imaged mark. The residual array is then fit by a second order polynomial, and the location having the minimum residual – the optimum alignment location – is determined analytically from the polynomial. This method naturally interpolates between the discrete pixels of the alignment mark and template images. The method is robust and can be used effectively with signal-to-noise ratios as low as -4 dB. Its performance is enhanced by appropriate choice of mark material, with Au marks with a signal-to-noise ratio of 0.48 dB yielding a factor of two. Alignment repeatabilities of ±2 nm were obtained using 5 nm Cr/50 nm Au marks with a 5 nm pixel. Using a 10 nm pixel, accuracies of 4.3 nm, 3<f>σ</f> were achieved with Au/Cr marks while 360 nm of Si topography yielded repeatabilities of 14.8 nm, 3<f>σ</f> or 19.7 nm, 3<f>σ</f> with a 100 nm resist coating. The technique was employed in the fabrication of a zone plate using two aligned exposures. Overlay values better than 5 nm were observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronic Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beam lithography
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Alignment
KW  - Autocorrelation
KW  - Electron-beam lithography
N1  - Accession Number: 13432412; Anderson, E.H. 1 Ha, D. 1,2 Liddle, J.A. 1; Email Address: jaliddle@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 73/74, p74; Subject Term: ELECTRON beam lithography; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autocorrelation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron-beam lithography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mee.2004.02.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, S.-J.
AU  - Persaud, A.
AU  - Liddle, J.A.
AU  - Nilsson, J.
AU  - Bokor, J.
AU  - Schneider, D.H.
AU  - Rangelow, I.W.
AU  - Schenkel, T.
T1  - Processing issues in top–down approaches to quantum computer development in silicon
JO  - Microelectronic Engineering
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 73/74
M3  - Article
SP  - 695
EP  - 700
SN  - 01679317
AB  - We describe critical processing issues in our development of single-atom devices for solid-state quantum information processing. Integration of single 31P atoms with control gates and single electron transistor (SET) readout structures is addressed in a silicon-based approach. Results on electrical activation of low-energy (15 keV) P implants in silicon show a strong dose effect on the electrical activation fractions. We identify dopant segregation to the SiO2/Si interface during rapid thermal annealing as a dopant loss mechanism and discuss means to minimize it. Silicon nanowire SET pairs with nanowire width of 10–20 nm are formed by electron-beam lithography in SOI. We present initial results from Coulomb blockade experiments and discuss issues of control gate integration for sub-40 nm gate pitches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronic Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - Electron-beam lithography
KW  - Ion implantation
KW  - Quantum computer
KW  - Qubit
N1  - Accession Number: 13432528; Park, S.-J. 1 Persaud, A. 1 Liddle, J.A. 1; Email Address: jaliddle@lbl.gov Nilsson, J. 2 Bokor, J. 1,3 Schneider, D.H. 3 Rangelow, I.W. 4 Schenkel, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  3: Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  4: Institute of Microstructure Technologies and Analytics, University of Kassel, Germany; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 73/74, p695; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron-beam lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum computer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Qubit; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mee.2004.03.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buck, Edgar C.
AU  - Finn, Patricia A.
AU  - Bates, John K.
T1  - Electron energy-loss spectroscopy of anomalous plutonium behavior in nuclear waste materials
JO  - Micron
JF  - Micron
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 35
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
SN  - 09684328
AB  - Plutonium-enriched layer has been observed in corroded spent uranium oxide fuel (CSNF). These Pu-enriched regions were examined with analytical transmission electron microscopy combined with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The enriched region also contained U, Am, Ru, Zr, but only minor enrichment of rare earth elements. The Pu, possibly as Pu(V) according to EELS measurements, was dispersed within re-precipitated uranium oxide (identified as U3O8) nano-crystals between U(VI) secondary phases and the CSNF surface. The U, Pu, and Am enrichment was observed in the corrosion products with tests on different nuclear fuels. This may have implications for the long-term behavior of CSNF under storage in a geologic waste repository. Furthermore, there may be an increased potential for the generation of Pu-bearing colloids from this type of weathered CSNF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Micron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Electron energy-loss spectroscopy
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Spent fuel
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - Uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 12376346; Buck, Edgar C. 1,2; Email Address: edgar.buck@pnl.gov Finn, Patricia A. 2 Bates, John K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Radiochemical Processing Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Formerly at Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 35 Issue 4, p235; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: URANIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron energy-loss spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spent fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.micron.2003.11.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkow, N.D.
AU  - Fowler, J.S.
AU  - Wang, G.-J.
AU  - Swanson, J.M.
T1  - Dopamine in drug abuse and addiction: results from imaging studies and treatment implications.
JO  - Molecular Psychiatry
JF  - Molecular Psychiatry
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 9
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 557
EP  - 569
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 13594184
AB  - The involvement of dopamine in drug reinforcement is well recognized but its role in drug addiction is much less clear. Imaging studies have shown that the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse in humans are contingent upon large and fast increases in dopamine that mimic but exceed in the intensity and duration those induced by dopamine cell firing to environmental events. In addition, imaging studies have also documented a role of dopamine in motivation, which appears to be encoded both by fast as well as smooth DA increases. Since dopamine cells fire in response to salient stimuli, the supraphysiological activation by drugs is likely to be experienced as highly salient (driving attention, arousal conditioned learning and motivation) and may also reset the thresholds required for environmental events to activate dopamine cells. Indeed, imaging studies have shown that in drug-addicted subjects, dopamine function is markedly disrupted (decreases in dopamine release and in dopamine D2 receptors in striatum) and this is associated with reduced activity of the orbitofrontal cortex (neuroanatomical region involved with salience attribution and motivation and implicated in compulsive behaviors) and the cingulate gyrus (neuroanatomical region involved with inhibitory control and attention and implicated in impulsivity). However, when addicted subjects are exposed to drug-related stimuli, these hypoactive regions become hyperactive in proportion to the expressed desire for the drug. We postulate that decreased dopamine function in addicted subjects results in decreased sensitivity to nondrug-related stimuli (including natural reinforcers) and disrupts frontal inhibition, both of which contribute to compulsive drug intake and impaired inhibitory control. These findings suggest new strategies for pharmacological and behavioral treatments, which focus on enhancing DA function and restoring brain circuits disrupted by chronic drug use to help motivate the addicted subject in activities that provide alternative sources of reinforcement, counteract conditioned responses, enhance their ability to control their drive to take drugs and interfere with their compulsive administration.Molecular Psychiatry (2004) 9, 557-569. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001507 Published online 6 April 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Psychiatry is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOPAMINE
KW  - DRUG abuse
KW  - MOTIVATION (Psychology)
KW  - PHARMACOKINETICS
KW  - cingulate gyrus
KW  - orbitofrontal cortex
KW  - PET
N1  - Accession Number: 13230078; Volkow, N.D. 1,2,3,4; Email Address: nvolkow@nida.nih.gov Fowler, J.S. 5 Wang, G.-J. 3 Swanson, J.M. 6; Affiliation:  1: National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA  2: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  4: Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA  5: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  6: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 9 Issue 6, p557; Subject Term: DOPAMINE; Subject Term: DRUG abuse; Subject Term: MOTIVATION (Psychology); Subject Term: PHARMACOKINETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cingulate gyrus; Author-Supplied Keyword: orbitofrontal cortex; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.mp.4001507
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13230078&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramsey, Gavin
AU  - Cropper, Mark
AU  - Kinwah Wu
AU  - Mason, K. O.
AU  - Córdova, F. A.
AU  - Priedhorsky, W.
T1  - XMM–Newton observations of polars in low accretion states.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/06//6/1/2004
VL  - 350
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1373
EP  - 1384
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We have made a series of snap-shot observations of 37 polars using XMM–Newton. We found that 16 of these systems were in a low, or much reduced, accretion state. Of those, six were not detected in X-rays. This suggests that in any survey of polars, around half will be in a low accretion state. We tested if there was a bias towards certain orbital periods: this is not the case. Of the 10 systems that were detected at low but significant rates in X-rays, eight showed significant variability in their X-ray light curves. This implies that non-uniform accretion still takes place during low accretion epochs. The bolometric luminosity of these systems is ∼1030 erg s−1, two orders of magnitude less than for systems in a high accretion state. The X-ray spectra show no evidence of a distinct soft X-ray component. However, the X-ray and UV data imply that such a low-temperature component exists: its temperature is low enough for its flux distribution to move outside the bandpass of the X-ray instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BINARY stars
KW  - NOVAE (Astronomy)
KW  - X-ray astronomy
KW  - LIGHT curves
KW  - ACCRETION (Astrophysics)
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - binaries: general
KW  - cataclysmic variables
KW  - novae
KW  - X-rays: stars
N1  - Accession Number: 13154410; Ramsey, Gavin 1; Email Address: gtbr@mssl.ucl.ac.uk Cropper, Mark 1 Kinwah Wu 1 Mason, K. O. 1 Córdova, F. A. 2 Priedhorsky, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT  2: University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 6/1/2004, Vol. 350 Issue 4, p1373; Subject Term: BINARY stars; Subject Term: NOVAE (Astronomy); Subject Term: X-ray astronomy; Subject Term: LIGHT curves; Subject Term: ACCRETION (Astrophysics); Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: binaries: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: cataclysmic variables; Author-Supplied Keyword: novae; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-rays: stars; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07732.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipscomb, William H.
AU  - Hunke, Elizabeth C.
T1  - Modeling Sea Ice Transport Using Incremental Remapping.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 132
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1341
EP  - 1354
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - Sea ice models contain transport equations for the area, volume, and energy of ice and snow in various thickness categories. These equations typically are solved with first-order-accurate upwind schemes, which are very diffusive; with second-order-accurate centered schemes, which are highly oscillatory; or with more sophisticated second-order schemes that are computationally costly if many quantities must be transported [e.g., multidimensional positive-definite advection transport algorithm (MPDATA)]. Here an incremental remapping scheme, originally designed for horizontal transport in ocean models, is adapted for sea ice transport. This scheme has several desirable features: it preserves the monotonicity of both conserved quantities and tracers; it is second-order accurate except where the accuracy is reduced locally to preserve monotonicity; and it efficiently solves the large number of equations in sea ice models with multiple thickness categories and tracers. Remapping outperforms the first-order upwind scheme and basic MPDATA scheme in several simple test problems. In realistic model runs, remapping is less diffusive than the upwind scheme and about twice as fast as MPDATA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WEATHER
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13416892; Lipscomb, William H. 1; Email Address: Lipscomb@lanl.gov Hunke, Elizabeth C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Group T-3, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 132 Issue 6, p1341; Subject Term: WEATHER; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: OCEAN; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajh
AU  - T.
AU  - Saponjic
AU  - Z.
AU  - Liu
AU  - J.
AU  - Dimitrijevic
AU  - N. M.
AU  - Scherer
AU  - N. F.
AU  - Vega-Arroyo
AU  - M.
AU  - Zapol
AU  - P.
AU  - Curtiss
AU  - L. A.
AU  - Thurnauer
AU  - M. C.
T1  - Charge Transfer Across the Nanocrystalline-DNA Interface:  Probing DNA Recognition.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1017
EP  - 1023
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Hybrid nanocomposites that electronically link TiO2 nanoparticles to DNA oligonucleotides were developed. The linking of biomolecules with inorganic components was achieved by using bridging enediol ligands, such as dopamine (DA), which facilitate hole transfer across the interface, establishing efficient crosstalk between the biomolecule and metal oxide nanoparticles. The inherent programmability of oligonucleotides builds recognition properties into the hybrid system, allowing selective binding of nanoparticles to targeted molecules. The inorganic nanoparticles are inherently photoresponsive and therefore serve as a source of photogenerated charges that act as reporters of the electronic properties of the biomolecules. These photoactive bioinorganic TiO2/DA/DNA triads are capable of complex photo chemistries such as light induced manipulation of biomolecules and their switching functions. Consequently, light induced extended charge separation in these systems was found to be a fingerprint of DNA oligonucleotide hybridization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE transfer in biology
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - DNA
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 13495596; Rajh T. 1 Saponjic Z. 1 Liu J. 1 Dimitrijevic N. M. 1 Scherer N. F. 1 Vega-Arroyo M. 1 Zapol P. 1 Curtiss L. A. 1 Thurnauer M. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1017; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer in biology; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williamson
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Bostedt
AU  - C.
AU  - van Buuren
AU  - T.
AU  - Willey
AU  - T. M.
AU  - Terminello
AU  - L. J.
AU  - Galli
AU  - G.
AU  - Pizzagalli
AU  - L.
T1  - Probing the Electronic Density of States of Germanium Nanoparticles:  A Method for Determining Atomic Structure.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1041
EP  - 1045
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We present first principles electronic structure calculations and photoemission measurements of the change in the valence band DOS of germanium as its dimensions are reduced from the bulk to the nanoscale. By comparing the calculated broadening of the s and s-p band peaks and the energy of surface dangling bonds to the measured DOS, we identify the most likely structure of these nanoparticles. We propose that, in contrast to recent interpretations, small 2-3 nm germanium nanoparticles prepared by gas-phase aggregation have a distorted diamond structure core due to effects of thermal reconstructions of the surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM compounds
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ATOMIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 13495600; Williamson A. J. 1 Bostedt C. 1 van Buuren T. 1 Willey T. M. 1 Terminello L. J. 1 Galli G. 1 Pizzagalli L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1041; Subject Term: GERMANIUM compounds; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu
AU  - P.
AU  - Nedeljkovic
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Ahrenkiel
AU  - P. A.
AU  - Ellingson
AU  - R. J.
AU  - Nozik
AU  - A. J.
T1  - Size Dependent Femtosecond Electron Cooling Dynamics in CdSe Quantum Rods.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1089
EP  - 1092
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Electronic relaxation dynamics of photoexcited CdSe quantum rods have been studied with femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Samples with the same length, ~30 nm, but with different diameters, 2.5 and 8.0 nm, were investigated. We found that the intraband energy relaxation is about 8 times faster in the thin rods than in the thick ones. A comparison is made between relaxation dynamics in quantum rods and dots, and different relaxation mechanisms are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELAXATION phenomena
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - FEMTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13495610; Yu P. 1 Nedeljkovic J. M. 1 Ahrenkiel P. A. 1 Ellingson R. J. 1 Nozik A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Basic Sciences, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401 and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1089; Subject Term: RELAXATION phenomena; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: FEMTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cui
AU  - Y.
AU  - Bjork
AU  - M. T.
AU  - Liddle
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Sonnichsen
AU  - C.
AU  - Boussert
AU  - B.
AU  - Alivisatos
AU  - A. P.
T1  - Integration of Colloidal Nanocrystals into Lithographically Patterned Devices.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1093
EP  - 1098
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We report a facile method for reproducibly fabricating large-scale device arrays, suitable for nanoelectronics or nanophotonics, that incorporate a controlled number of sub-50-nm-diameter nanocrystals at lithographically defined precise locations on a chip and within a circuit. The interfacial capillary force present during the evaporation of a nanocrystal suspension forms the basis of the assembly mechnism. Our results demonstrate for the first time that macromolecule size particles down to 2-nm diameter and complex nanostructures such as nanotetrapods can be effectively organized by the capillary interaction. This approach integrates the merits of bottom-up solution-processed nanostructures with top-down lithographically prepared devices and has the potential to be scaled up to wafer size for a large number of functional nanoelectronics and nanophotonics applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
N1  - Accession Number: 13495611; Cui Y. 1 Bjork M. T. 1 Liddle J. A. 1 Sonnichsen C. 1 Boussert B. 1 Alivisatos A. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1093; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martinez, Diego
AU  - Larrondo, Luis F
AU  - Putnam, Nik
AU  - Gelpke, Maarten D Sollewijn
AU  - Huang, Katherine
AU  - Chapman, Jarrod
AU  - Helfenbein, Kevin G
AU  - Ramaiya, Preethi
AU  - Detter, J Chris
AU  - Larimer, Frank
AU  - Coutinho, Pedro M
AU  - Henrissat, Bernard
AU  - Berka, Randy
AU  - Cullen, Dan
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel
T1  - Genome sequence of the lignocellulose degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain RP78.
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
JF  - Nature Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 695
EP  - 700
SN  - 10870156
AB  - White rot fungi efficiently degrade lignin, a complex aromatic polymer in wood that is among the most abundant natural materials on earth. These fungi use extracellular oxidative enzymes that are also able to transform related aromatic compounds found in explosive contaminants, pesticides and toxic waste. We have sequenced the 30-million base-pair genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain RP78 using a whole genome shotgun approach. The P. chrysosporium genome reveals an impressive array of genes encoding secreted oxidases, peroxidases and hydrolytic enzymes that cooperate in wood decay. Analysis of the genome data will enhance our understanding of lignocellulose degradation, a pivotal process in the global carbon cycle, and provide a framework for further development of bioprocesses for biomass utilization, organopollutant degradation and fiber bleaching. This genome provides a high quality draft sequence of a basidiomycete, a major fungal phylum that includes important plant and animal pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Biotechnology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lignocellulose
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Corticiaceae
KW  - Pathogenic microorganisms
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Phanerochaete
N1  - Accession Number: 13296860; Martinez, Diego 1; Larrondo, Luis F 2; Putnam, Nik 1,3; Gelpke, Maarten D Sollewijn 1; Huang, Katherine 1; Chapman, Jarrod 1,3; Helfenbein, Kevin G 4; Ramaiya, Preethi 5; Detter, J Chris 1; Larimer, Frank 6; Coutinho, Pedro M 7; Henrissat, Bernard 7; Berka, Randy 5; Cullen, Dan 8; Email Address: dcullen@facstaff.wisc.edu; Rokhsar, Daniel 1; Email Address: DSRokhsar@IbI.gov; Affiliations: 1: US DoE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.; 2: Departmento de Genetica Molecular y Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontifica Universidad Católica de Chile and Millennium Institute for Fundamental and Applied Biology, Santiago, Chile.; 3: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley 94120, USA.; 4: Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10021, USA.; 5: Novozymes Biotech, 1445 Drew Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.; 6: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 31831, USA.; 7: Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR 6098, CNRS and Universités d'Aix-Marseille I & II, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille, France.; 8: USDA, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53126, USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p695; Thesaurus Term: Lignocellulose; Thesaurus Term: Cellulose; Thesaurus Term: Corticiaceae; Thesaurus Term: Pathogenic microorganisms; Subject Term: Genomes; Subject Term: Phanerochaete; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nbt967
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boffelli, Dario
AU  - Nobrega, Marcelo A.
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
T1  - Comparative genomics at the vertebrate extremes.
JO  - Nature Reviews Genetics
JF  - Nature Reviews Genetics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 456
EP  - 465
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 14710056
AB  - Annotators of the human genome are increasingly exploiting comparisons with genomes at both the distal and proximal evolutionary edges of the vertebrate tree. Despite the sequence similarity between primates, comparisons among members of this clade are beginning to identify primate- as well as human-specific functional elements. At the distal evolutionary extreme, comparing the human genome to that of non-mammal vertebrates such as fish has proved to be a powerful filter to prioritize sequences that most probably have significant functional activity in all vertebrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Reviews Genetics is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - HUMAN genome
KW  - VERTEBRATES
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 13155694; Boffelli, Dario 1 Nobrega, Marcelo A. 1 Rubin, Edward M. 1; Affiliation:  1: DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA, and Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Correspondence to E.M.R.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 5 Issue 6, p456; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: HUMAN genome; Subject Term: VERTEBRATES; Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nrg1350
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldstein, Byron
AU  - Faeder, James R.
AU  - Hlavacek, William S.
T1  - Mathematical and computational models of immune-receptor signalling.
JO  - Nature Reviews Immunology
JF  - Nature Reviews Immunology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 456
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 14741733
AB  - The process of signalling through receptors of the immune system involves highly connected networks of interacting components. Understanding the often counter-intuitive behaviour of these networks requires the development of mathematical and computational models. Here, we focus on the application of these models to understand signalling through immune receptors that are involved in antigen recognition. Simple models, which ignore the details of the signalling machinery, have provided considerable insight into how ligand-receptor binding properties affect signalling outcomes. Detailed models, which include specific molecular components and interactions beyond the ligand and receptor, are difficult to develop but have already provided new mechanistic understanding and uncovered relationships that are difficult to detect by experimental observation alone. They offer hope that models might eventually predict the full spectrum of signalling behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Reviews Immunology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - CELL receptors
KW  - IMMUNE recognition
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - MEDICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13265359; Goldstein, Byron 1; Email Address: bxg@lanl.gov Faeder, James R. 1 Hlavacek, William S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p445; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Subject Term: CELL receptors; Subject Term: IMMUNE recognition; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: MEDICAL sciences; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nri1374
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenyon, Garrett T.
AU  - Hill, Dan
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - George, John S.
AU  - Marshak, David W.
T1  - A theory of the Benham Top based on center–surround interactions in the parvocellular pathway
JO  - Neural Networks
JF  - Neural Networks
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 773
EP  - 786
SN  - 08936080
AB  - A model color-opponent neuron was used to investigate the subjective colors evoked by the Benham Top (BT). Color-opponent inputs from cone-selective parvocellular (P) pathway neurons with center–surround receptive fields were subtracted with a short relative delay, yielding a small transient input in response to a white spot. This transient input was amplified by BT-like stimuli, modeled as a thin dark bar followed by full-field illumination. The narrow bar produced maximal activation of the P-pathway surrounds but only partial activation of the P-pathway centers. Due to saturation, subsequent removal of the bar had little effect on the P-pathway surrounds, whereas the transient input from the P-pathway centers was amplified via disinhibition. Responses to BT-like stimuli became weaker as surround sensitivity recovered, producing an effect analogous to the progression of perceived BT colors. Our results suggest that the BT-illusion arises because cone-selective neurons convey information about both color and luminance contrast, allowing the two signals become confounded. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neural Networks is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NERVOUS system
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - AVERSIVE stimuli
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - Benham top
KW  - Color perception
KW  - Computer model
KW  - Pattern induced flicker colors
KW  - Subjective colors
N1  - Accession Number: 13955345; Kenyon, Garrett T. 1; Email Address: gkenyon@lanl.gov Hill, Dan 1 Theiler, James 2 George, John S. 1 Marshak, David W. 3; Affiliation:  1: P-21, Biological and Quantum Physics, MS D454, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: ISR-2, Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  3: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5/6, p773; Subject Term: NERVOUS system; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: AVERSIVE stimuli; Subject Term: NEURONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benham top; Author-Supplied Keyword: Color perception; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pattern induced flicker colors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subjective colors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neunet.2004.05.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Drongelen, Wim
AU  - C. Lee, Hyong
AU  - Hereld, Mark
AU  - Jones, David
AU  - Cohoon, Matthew
AU  - Elsen, Frank
AU  - E. Papka, Michael
AU  - L. Stevens, Rick
T1  - Simulation of neocortical epileptiform activity using parallel computing
JO  - Neurocomputing
JF  - Neurocomputing
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 58-60
M3  - Article
SP  - 1203
EP  - 1209
SN  - 09252312
AB  - A scalable network model intended for study of neocortical epileptiform activity was built on the pGENESIS neural simulator. The model included superficial and deep pyramidal cells plus four types of inhibitory neurons. An electroencephalogram (EEG) simulator was attached to the model to validate model behavior and to determine the contributions of inhibitory and excitatory neuronal populations to the EEG signal. We examined effects of overall excitation and inhibition on activity patterns in the network, and found that the network-bursting patterns occur within a narrow range of the excitation–inhibition space. Further, we evaluated synchronization effects produced by gap junctions during synchronous and asynchronous states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neurocomputing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITATION (Physiology)
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
KW  - NEUROSCIENCES
KW  - MEDICAL sciences
KW  - EEG
KW  - Epilepsy
KW  - Gap junction
KW  - Network bursting
KW  - Parallel computing
N1  - Accession Number: 13434367; van Drongelen, Wim 1; Email Address: wvandron@peds.bsd.uchicago.edu C. Lee, Hyong 1 Hereld, Mark 2,3 Jones, David 3 Cohoon, Matthew 1 Elsen, Frank 1 E. Papka, Michael 2,3 L. Stevens, Rick 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Av MC 3055, Chicago 60637, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Av MC 3055 Chicago, IL 60637-1470, USA  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4844, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 58-60, p1203; Subject Term: EXCITATION (Physiology); Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Subject Term: NEUROSCIENCES; Subject Term: MEDICAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: EEG; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epilepsy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gap junction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network bursting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neucom.2004.01.186
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13434367&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jerbi, K.
AU  - Baillet, S.
AU  - Mosher, J.C.
AU  - Nolte, G.
AU  - Garnero, L.
AU  - Leahy, R.M.
T1  - Localization of realistic cortical activity in MEG using current multipoles
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 779
EP  - 793
SN  - 10538119
AB  - We present a novel approach to MEG source estimation based on a regularized first-order multipole solution. The Gaussian regularizing prior is obtained by calculation of the sample mean and covariance matrix for the equivalent moments of realistic simulated cortical activity. We compare the regularized multipole localization framework to the classical dipole and general multipole source estimation methods by evaluating the ability of all three solutions to localize the centroids of physiologically plausible patches of activity simulated on the surface of a human cerebral cortex. The results, obtained with a realistic sensor configuration, a spherical head model, and given in terms of field and localization error, depict the performance of the dipolar and multipolar models as a function of variable source surface area (50–500 mm2), noise conditions (20, 10, and 5 dB SNR), source orientation (0–90°), and source depth (3–11 cm). We show that as the sources increase in size, they become less accurately modeled as current dipoles. The regularized multipole systematically outperforms the single dipole model, increasingly so as the spatial extent of the sources increases. In addition, our simulations demonstrate that as the orientation of the sources becomes more radial, dipole localization accuracy decreases substantially, while the performance of the regularized multipole model is far less sensitive to orientation and even succeeds in localizing quasi-radial source configurations. Furthermore, our results show that the multipole model is able to localize superficial sources with higher accuracy than the current dipole. These results indicate that the regularized multipole solution may be an attractive alternative to current-dipole-based source estimation methods in MEG. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CEREBRAL cortex
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - TELENCEPHALON
KW  - Cortical patches
KW  - Current dipoles
KW  - Current multipoles
KW  - Extended sources
KW  - Inverse problem
KW  - MEG
KW  - Radial sources
KW  - Regularized least-squares
KW  - Source localization
N1  - Accession Number: 13390920; Jerbi, K. 1,2 Baillet, S. 1; Email Address: Sylvain.Baillet@chups.jussieu.fr Mosher, J.C. 3 Nolte, G. 4 Garnero, L. 1 Leahy, R.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Cognitive Neuroscience and Brain Imaging Laboratory, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, CNRS,UPR 640, Paris, France  2: Signal and Image Processing Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p779; Subject Term: CEREBRAL cortex; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: TELENCEPHALON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cortical patches; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current dipoles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current multipoles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extended sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEG; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radial sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regularized least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source localization; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.02.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ekkebus, Allen E.
T1  - SNS Instrument Installation Begins.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 27
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Reports on the installation of backscattering spectrometer by the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee on March 2004.  Size of the instrument; Budget requested in SNS planning documents; Plans for conferences in Washington, D.C. in June 2004.
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - BUDGET
KW  - OAK Ridge (Tenn.)
KW  - TENNESSEE
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14080891; Ekkebus, Allen E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p27; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: BUDGET; Subject Term: OAK Ridge (Tenn.); Subject Term: TENNESSEE; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921130 Public Finance Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akovali, Y.A.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for <f>A=247</f>
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 545
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Available information pertaining to the nuclear structure of all nuclei with mass numbers <f>A=247</f> is presented. Various decay and reaction data are evaluated and compared. Adopted data, levels, spin, parity and configuration assignments are given. When there are insufficient data, expected values from systematics of nuclear properties or/and theoretical calculations are quoted. Unexpected or discrepant experimental results are also noted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - EXPECTED returns
KW  - NUCLEAR activation analysis
KW  - PARITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13475305; Akovali, Y.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory and University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831–6371, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 102 Issue 2, p515; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: EXPECTED returns; Subject Term: NUCLEAR activation analysis; Subject Term: PARITY; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nds.2004.06.002
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moses, William W.
T1  - Positron Emission Mammography imaging
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 525
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 252
SN  - 01689002
AB  - This paper examines current trends in Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) instrumentation and the performance tradeoffs inherent in them. The most common geometry is a pair of parallel planes of detector modules. They subtend a larger solid angle around the breast than conventional PET cameras, and so have both higher efficiency and lower cost. Extensions to this geometry include encircling the breast, measuring the depth of interaction (DOI), and dual-modality imaging (PEM and X-ray mammography, as well as PEM and X-ray guided biopsy). The ultimate utility of PEM may not be decided by instrument performance, but by biological and medical factors, such as the patient to patient variation in radiotracer uptake or the as yet undetermined role of PEM in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRON emission
KW  - MAMMOGRAMS
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - PEM camera design and optimization
KW  - Positron Emission Mammography
N1  - Accession Number: 14035631; Moses, William W. 1; Email Address: wwmoses@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail stop 55-121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 525 Issue 1/2, p249; Subject Term: POSITRON emission; Subject Term: MAMMOGRAMS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEM camera design and optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron Emission Mammography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.068
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vetter, K.
AU  - Burks, M.
AU  - Mihailescu, L.
T1  - Gamma-ray imaging with position-sensitive HPGe detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 525
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 322
EP  - 327
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Due to advances in manufacturing large and highly segmented HPGe detectors along with the availability of fast and high-precision digital electronics, it is now possible to build efficient and high-resolution Compton cameras. Two-dimensionally segmented semi-conductor detectors along with pulse-shape analysis allow to obtain three-dimensional positions and energies of individual gamma-ray interactions. By employing gamma-ray tracking procedures it is possible to determine the scattering sequence in the detector and ultimately to deduce the incident direction of gamma rays without the use of a attenuating collimator. These advanced gamma-ray tracking-based Compton cameras are able not only to image gamma-ray sources with higher sensitivity than collimator-based systems but can increase the sensitivity in finding gamma-ray sources over non-imaging detectors, particularly in complex radiation fields.We have implemented a Compton camera built of a single double-sided strip HPGe detector with a strip pitch size of <f>2 mm</f>. A three-dimensional position resolution of <f>0.5 mm</f> at <f>122 keV</f> by using simple pulse-shape analysis is achieved. We have implemented image reconstruction procedures for search scenarios, which are of interest for national security applications. In addition, we have developed reconstruction procedures to optimize image quality which potentially finds applications in other areas as well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - POSITION sensitive particle detectors
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
KW  - 42.30.W
KW  - Compton camera
KW  - Gamma-ray imaging
KW  - Gamma-ray tracking
KW  - HPGe detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 14035645; Vetter, K.; Email Address: kvetter@lbl.gov Burks, M. 1 Mihailescu, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 525 Issue 1/2, p322; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: POSITION sensitive particle detectors; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Author-Supplied Keyword: 42.30.W; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compton camera; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPGe detectors; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.087
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lamb, D.Q.
AU  - Ricker, G.R.
AU  - Atteia, J-L.
AU  - Barraud, C.
AU  - Boër, M.
AU  - Braga, J.
AU  - Butler, N.
AU  - Cline, T.
AU  - Crew, G.B.
AU  - Dezalay, J.-P.
AU  - Donaghy, T.Q.
AU  - Doty, J.P.
AU  - Dullighan, A.
AU  - Fenimore, E.E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - Graziani, C.
AU  - Hurley, K.
AU  - Jernigan, J.G.
AU  - Kawai, N.
AU  - Levine, A.
T1  - Scientific highlights of the HETE-2 mission
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 132
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 288
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The HETE-2 mission has been highly productive. It has observed more than 250 GRBs so far. It is currently localizing 25 - 30 GRBs per year, and has localized 43 GRBs to date. Twenty-one of these localizations have led to the detection of X-ray, optical, or radio afterglows, and as of now, 11 of the bursts with afterglows have known redshifts. HETE-2 has confirmed the connection between GRBs and Type Ic supernovae, a singular achievement and certainly one of the scientific highlights of the mission so far. It has provided evidence that the isotropic-equivalent energies and luminosities of GRBs are correlated with redshift, implying that GRBs and their progenitors evolve strongly with redshift. Both of these results have profound implications for the nature of GRB progenitors and for the use of GRBs as a probe of cosmology and the early universe. HETE-2 has placed severe constraints on any X-ray or optical afterglow of a short GRB. It is also solving the mystery of “optically dark” GRBs, and revealing the nature of X-ray flashes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - X-ray bursts
N1  - Accession Number: 13434647; Lamb, D.Q. 1 Ricker, G.R. 2 Atteia, J-L. 3 Barraud, C. 3 Boër, M. 3 Braga, J. 4 Butler, N. 2 Cline, T. 5 Crew, G.B. 2 Dezalay, J.-P. 3 Donaghy, T.Q. 1 Doty, J.P. 2 Dullighan, A. 2 Fenimore, E.E. 6 Galassi, M. 6 Graziani, C. 1 Hurley, K. 7 Jernigan, J.G. 7 Kawai, N. 8 Levine, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  2: MIT Center for Space Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  3: Centre D'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, France  4: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, 12227-010, Brazil  5: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  7: UC Berkeley, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  8: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 132 Issue 1-3, p279; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.04.049
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faure, J.
AU  - van Tilborg, J.
AU  - Kaindl, R. A.
AU  - Leemans, W . P.
T1  - Modelling laser-based table-top THz sources: Optical rectification,propagation and electro-optic sampling.
JO  - Optical & Quantum Electronics
JF  - Optical & Quantum Electronics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 36
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 697
SN  - 03068919
AB  - A model describing the generation of THz pulses by optical rectification and the detection of THz pulses by electro-optic sampling is presented. The model is comprehensive and mostly analytical: physical phenomena such as dispersion, group velocity mismatch, multiple reflections and diffraction are represented by one dimensional transfer functions. The model is compared with experimental results and shows good agreement with experiments. It is shown that including diffraction is crucial for retrieving the details of the THz spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Optical & Quantum Electronics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - TRANSFER functions (Mathematics)
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - diffraction
KW  - electro-optic sampling
KW  - optical rectification
KW  - THz radiation
KW  - transfer function
KW  - ultrashort laser pulses
N1  - Accession Number: 16487319; Faure, J. 1; Email Address: jfaure@ensta.fr van Tilborg, J. 2 Kaindl, R. A. 2 Leemans, W . P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA-Ecole Polytechnique, UMR 7639, 91761 Palaiseau, France.  2: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 36 Issue 8, p681; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: TRANSFER functions (Mathematics); Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: electro-optic sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical rectification; Author-Supplied Keyword: THz radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: transfer function; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultrashort laser pulses; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abrikosov, A.A.
T1  - Weak antiferromagnetism in the metallic phases of layered cuprates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 405
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 95
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The theory of the metal–insulator transition in layered cuprates is used to explain the phenomenon of weak antiferromagnetism observed by neutron diffraction in YBCO. Since the transition is a result of appearance of carriers due to oxygen doping, their concentration can be inhomogeneous leading to patches of antiferromagnetic and nonmagnetic metallic phases. The concentration of dopant atoms in the patches is described by a Gaussian distribution, which defines the average staggered magnetization of the substance. It is assumed that although the magnetic periodicity is defined by the location of copper atoms, and hence, is the same in all patches of a single-crystalline sample, the directions of the staggered magnetization are random. Only, when the concentration of magnetic patches reaches the percolation threshold, 1/2, the direction becomes ordered through the whole sample. Comparison with experimental data suggests that the effectiveness of the dopant, defined, as an average increase of carriers per an additional dopant atom is smaller than 1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - PERCOLATION
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - 75.30.Fv
KW  - 75.50.Ee
N1  - Accession Number: 13067043; Abrikosov, A.A. 1; Email Address: abrikosov@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 405 Issue 2, p93; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: PERCOLATION; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.30.Fv; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Ee; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.02.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DesJardin, Paul E.
AU  - O'Hern, Timothy J.
AU  - Tieszen, Sheldon R.
T1  - Large eddy simulation and experimental measurements of the near-field of a large turbulent helium plume.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1866
EP  - 1883
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - Large eddy simulations (LES) are conducted of a large, 1 m in diameter, turbulent helium plume. The plume instability modes and flow dynamics are explored as a function of grid resolution with and without the use of subgrid scale (SGS) models. LES results reproduce well-established varicose puffing mode instabilities as well as secondary “finger-like” azimuthal instabilities leading to the breakdown of periodically shed toroidal vortices. Simulation results of time-averaged velocity and concentration fields show excellent agreement with experimental data collected from Sandia’s FLAME facility using particle image velocimetry and planar laser induced fluorescence measurement techniques. For locations very near the base of the plume, i.e., X/Dp<0.5, the LES overpredicts the measured root-mean squared streamwise velocity and concentration and, in addition, is found to be highly sensitive to grid resolution. The cause of these discrepancies is attributed to unresolved buoyancy-induced vorticity generation on resolved scales of fluid motion that is currently not explicitly treated in the SGS turbulence models used for the LES. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - AEROSPACE engineering
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - PHYSICS research
KW  - FLUID dynamic measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 13055509; DesJardin, Paul E. 1; Email Address: ped3@eng.buffalo.edu O'Hern, Timothy J. 2 Tieszen, Sheldon R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York  2: Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p1866; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: AEROSPACE engineering; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; Subject Term: FLUID dynamic measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1689371
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krommes, J. A.
AU  - Kolesnikov, R. A.
T1  - Hamiltonian description of convective-cell generation.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - L29
EP  - L32
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The nonlinear statistical growth rate γq for convective cells driven by drift-wave (DW) interactions is studied with the aid of a covariant Hamiltonian formalism for the gyrofluid nonlinearities. A statistical energy theorem is proven that relates γq to a second functional tensor derivative of the DW energy. This generalizes to a wide class of systems of coupled partial differential equations a previous result for scalar dynamics. Applications to (i) electrostatic ion-temperature-gradient-driven modes at small ion temperature, and (ii) weakly electromagnetic collisional DWs are noted. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRIFT waves
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - IONS
KW  - CASIMIR effect
KW  - JACOBI identity
KW  - PLASMA waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13154895; Krommes, J. A. 1; Email Address: krommes@princeton.edu Kolesnikov, R. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, pL29; Subject Term: DRIFT waves; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CASIMIR effect; Subject Term: JACOBI identity; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1719014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baylor, L. R.
AU  - Burrell, K. H.
AU  - Groebner, R. J.
AU  - Houlberg, W. A.
AU  - Ernst, D. P.
AU  - Murakami, M.
AU  - Wade, M. R.
T1  - Comparison of toroidal rotation velocities of different impurity ions in the DIII-D tokamak.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3100
EP  - 3105
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Measurements of the relative toroidal rotation velocities of low Z impurity ions have been made in DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon and L. G. Davis, Fusion Technol. 8, 441 (1985)] plasmas that have a strong core pressure gradient and reduced anomalous transport. They show that the differences in toroidal rotation velocities agree with predictions of neoclassical transport theory. The toroidal rotation velocities are measured via charge exchange recombination (CER) spectroscopy of the impurity species. Taking into account the non-negligible effect of energy dependent charge exchange cross sections, quantitative agreement is found between the measured and predicted difference in toroidal rotation velocities, including the strong Z dependence. The predicted difference between the measured impurity rotation velocity and the main ion rotation velocity can be substantial and therefore care should be taken in using quantitative results from impurity rotation measurements and applying them to the bulk plasma. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154918; Baylor, L. R. 1 Burrell, K. H. 2 Groebner, R. J. 2 Houlberg, W. A. 1 Ernst, D. P. 3 Murakami, M. 1 Wade, M. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: General Atomics, San Diego, California  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p3100; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1710900
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hansen, J. F.
AU  - Tripathi, S. K. P.
AU  - Bellan, P. M.
T1  - Co- and counter-helicity interaction between two adjacent laboratory prominences.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3177
EP  - 3185
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The interaction between two side-by-side solar prominence-like plasmas has been studied using a four-electrode magnetized plasma source that can impose a wide variety of surface boundary conditions. When the source is arranged to create two prominences with the same helicity (co-helicity), it is observed that helicity transfer from one prominence to the other causes the receiving prominence to erupt sooner and faster than the transmitting prominence. When the source is arranged to create two prominences with opposite helicity (counter-helicity), it is observed that upon merging, prominences wrap around each other to form closely spaced, writhing turns of plasma. This is followed by appearance of a distinct bright region in the middle and order of magnitude higher emission of soft x rays. The four-electrode device has also been used to change the angle of the neutral line and so form more pronounced S-shapes. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - SUN -- Prominences
KW  - SUN
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SURFACE
N1  - Accession Number: 13154912; Hansen, J. F. 1 Tripathi, S. K. P. 2 Bellan, P. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234  2: Applied Physics, Caltech, Pasadena, California 91125; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p3177; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Helicity; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: SUN -- Prominences; Subject Term: SUN; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SURFACE; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1724831
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154912&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaganovich, Igor
AU  - Startsev, Edward
AU  - Shvets, Gennady
T1  - Anomalous skin effect for anisotropic electron velocity distribution function.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3328
EP  - 3330
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The anomalous skin effect in a plasma with a highly anisotropic electron velocity distribution function (EVDF) is very different from the skin effect in a plasma with isotropic EVDF. An analytical solution was derived for the electric field penetrated into plasma with the EVDF described as a Maxwellian with two temperatures Tx≥Tz, where x is the direction along the plasma boundary and z is the direction perpendicular to the plasma boundary. The skin layer was found to consist of two distinct regions of width of order uTz/ω and uTx.z=[This symbol cannot be presented into ASCII text] is the thermal electron velocity and ω is the incident wave frequency.
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - SKIN effect (Electricity)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - THERMAL electrons
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 13154891; Kaganovich, Igor 1 Startsev, Edward 1 Shvets, Gennady 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey  2: University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Fusion Studies, Austin, Texas; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p3328; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: SKIN effect (Electricity); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: THERMAL electrons; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1723461
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13154891&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Fischer, Wolfram
AU  - Peggs, Stephen
T1  - Tevatron's Complex Collider Cousins.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 57
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 13
EP  - 14
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor in response to the article "Disappointing Collider Performance and Tight Budgets Confront Fermilab With Tough Decisions," by Bertram Schwarzschild in the November 2003 issue.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - LABORATORIES
N1  - Accession Number: 13275710; Fischer, Wolfram; Email Address: wolfram.fischer@bnl.gov Peggs, Stephen 1; Email Address: peggs@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 57 Issue 6, p13; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 241
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maksimchuk, A.
AU  - Flippo, K.
AU  - Krause, H.
AU  - Mourou, G.
AU  - Nemoto, K.
AU  - Shultz, D.
AU  - Umstadter, D.
AU  - Vane, R.
AU  - Bychenkov, V. Yu.
AU  - Dudnikova, G. I.
AU  - Kovalev, V. F.
AU  - Mima, K.
AU  - Novikov, V. N.
AU  - Sentoku, Y.
AU  - Tolokonnikov, S. V.
T1  - High-Energy Ion Generation by Short Laser Pulses.
JO  - Plasma Physics Reports
JF  - Plasma Physics Reports
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 30
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 495
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 1063780X
AB  - This paper reviews the many recent advances at the Center for Ultrafast Optical Science (CUOS) at the University of Michigan in multi-MeV ion beam generation from the interaction of short laser pulses focused onto thin foil targets at intensities ranging from 1017 to 1019W/cm2. Ion beam characteristics were studied by changing the laser intensity, laser wavelength, target material, and by depositing a well-absorbed coating. We manipulated the proton beam divergence using shaped targets and observed nuclear transformation induced by high-energy protons and deuterons. Qualitative theoretical approaches and fully relativistic two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations modeled energetic ion generation. Comparison with experiments sheds light on ion energy spectra for multi-species plasma, the dependences of ion-energy on preplasma scale length and solid density plasma thickness, and laser-triggered isotope yield. Theoretical predictions are also made with the aim of studying ion generation for high-power lasers with the energies expected in the near future, and for the relativistic intensity table-top laser, a prototype of which is already in operation at CUOS in the limits of several-cycle pulse duration and a single-wavelength spot size. © 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plasma Physics Reports is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - LIGHT amplifiers
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
N1  - Accession Number: 13506374; Maksimchuk, A. 1 Flippo, K. 1 Krause, H. 2 Mourou, G. 1 Nemoto, K. 3 Shultz, D. 2 Umstadter, D. 1 Vane, R. 2 Bychenkov, V. Yu. 4 Dudnikova, G. I. 5 Kovalev, V. F. 6 Mima, K. 7 Novikov, V. N. 4 Sentoku, Y. 8 Tolokonnikov, S. V. 9; Affiliation:  1: Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109–2099, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6372, USA  3: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo 201–8511, Japan  4: Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991 Russia  5: Institute of Computational Technologies, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia  6: Institute for Mathematical Modeling, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miusskaya pl. 4a, Moscow, 125047 Russia  7: Institute for Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2–6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan  8: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186, USA  9: Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, pl. Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 30 Issue 6, p473; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: LIGHT amplifiers; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1768582
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prokisch, Holger
AU  - Scharfe, Curt
AU  - Camp II, David G.
AU  - Xiao, Wenzhong
AU  - David, Lior
AU  - Andreoli, Christophe
AU  - Monroe, Matthew E.
AU  - Moore, Ronald J.
AU  - Gritsenko, Marina A.
AU  - Kozany, Christian
AU  - Hixson, Kim K.
AU  - Mottaz, Heather M.
AU  - Zischka, Hans
AU  - Ljeffing, Marius
AU  - Herman, Zelek S.
AU  - Davis, Ronald W.
AU  - Meitinger, Thomas
AU  - Oefner, Peter J.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Steinmetz, Lars M.
T1  - Integrative Analysis of the Mitochondrial Proteome in Yeast.
JO  - PLoS Biology
JF  - PLoS Biology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 795
EP  - 804
PB  - Public Library of Science
SN  - 15449173
AB  - In this study yeast mitochondria were used as a model system to apply, evaluate, and integrate different genomic approaches to define the proteins of an organelle. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry applied to purified mitochondria identified 546 proteins. By expression analysis and comparison to other proteome studies, we demonstrate that the proteomic approach identifies primarily highly abundant proteins. By expanding our evaluation to other types of genomic approaches, including systematic deletion phenotype screening, expression profiling, subcellular localization studies, protein interaction analyses, and computational predictions, we show that an integration of approaches moves beyond the limitations of any single approach. We report the success of each approach by benchmarking it against a reference set of known mitochondrial proteins, and predict approximately 700 proteins associated with the mitochondrial organelle from the integration of 22 datasets. We show that a combination of complementary approaches like deletion phenotype screening and mass spectrometry can identify over 75% of the known mitochondrial proteome. These findings have implications for choosing optimal genome-wide approaches for the study of other cellular systems, including organelles and pathways in various species. Furthermore, our systematic identification of genes involved in mitochondrial function and biogenesis in yeast expands the candidate genes available for mapping Mendelian and complex mitochondrial disorders in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of PLoS Biology is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MITOCHONDRIA
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - DIAGNOSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 13437056; Prokisch, Holger 1,2 Scharfe, Curt 3 Camp II, David G. 4 Xiao, Wenzhong 3 David, Lior 3 Andreoli, Christophe 1 Monroe, Matthew E. 4 Moore, Ronald J. 4 Gritsenko, Marina A. 4 Kozany, Christian 1 Hixson, Kim K. 4 Mottaz, Heather M. 4 Zischka, Hans 1 Ljeffing, Marius 1 Herman, Zelek S. 3 Davis, Ronald W. 3 Meitinger, Thomas Oefner, Peter J. 3 Smith, Richard D. 4 Steinmetz, Lars M. 1,3; Email Address: Iars.steinmetz@embl.de; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Human Genetics, GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany.  2: Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.  3: Stanford Genome Technology Center and Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America.  4: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 2 Issue 6, p795; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIA; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: DIAGNOSIS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020160
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fraser, Hunter B.
AU  - Hirsh, Aaron E.
AU  - Giaever, Guri
AU  - Kumm, Jochen
AU  - Eisen, Michael B.
T1  - Noise Minimization in Eukaryotic Gene Expression.
JO  - PLoS Biology
JF  - PLoS Biology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 834
EP  - 838
PB  - Public Library of Science
SN  - 15449173
AB  - All organisms have elaborate mechanisms to control rates of protein production. However, protein production is also subject to stochastic fluctuations, or "noise." Several recent studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coil have investigated the relationship between transcription and translation rates and stochastic fluctuations in protein levels, or more generally, how such randomness is a function of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. However, the fundamental question of whether stochasticity in protein expression is generally biologically relevant has not been addressed, and it remains unknown whether random noise in the protein production rate of most genes significantly affects the fitness of any organism. We propose that organisms should be particularly sensitive to variation in the protein levels of two classes of genes: genes whose deletion is lethal to the organism and genes that encode subunits of multiprotein complexes. Using an experimentally verified model of stochastic gene expression in S. cerevisiae, we estimate the noise in protein production for nearly every yeast gene, and confirm our prediction that the production of essential and complex-forming proteins involves lower levels of noise than does the production of most other genes. Our results support the hypothesis that noise in gene expression is a biologically important variable, is generally detrimental to organismal fitness, and is subject to natural selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of PLoS Biology is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 13437127; Fraser, Hunter B. 1; Email Address: hunter@ocf.berkeley.edu Hirsh, Aaron E. 2 Giaever, Guri 3 Kumm, Jochen 3 Eisen, Michael B. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.  2: Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America.  3: Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford, California, United States of America.  4: Genome Sciences Department, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 2 Issue 6, p834; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: GENES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020137
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kasili, Paul M.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Single Living Cells Using Optical Nanoprobes.
JO  - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
JF  - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
Y1  - 2004/06//Jun/Jul2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 235
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10406638
AB  - Exposure of mammalian cells to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) such as the carcinogen benzo[ a ]pyrene (B a P) leads to the formation of DNA adducts N 2 -deoxyguanosine (dG) and N 6 -deoxyadenosine (dA) with adenine and guanine nucleotides, which are integral parts of DNA, RNA, and ATP. DNA adduct formation causes alteration of the DNA (RNA) sequence since neither adenine nor guanine can normally bind to its complementary nucleotide base, thymine (uracil) and cytosine respectively. The inability to form these bonds leads to mutations in the DNA double-helix structure during DNA replication, and eventually carcinogenesis. Therefore, the capability to detect and measure PAC species such as B a P in single living cells is important for studies required to establish the limits of B a P exposure necessary for carcinogenesis. Along these lines, we have developed antibody-based optical nanoprobes capable of detecting and measuring B a P in single living cells. The results obtained in this work demonstrate the practical application of antibody-based nanoprobes for performing measurements inside single living cells with their elements and their relationships intact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds
KW  - CELLS
KW  - BENZOPYRENE
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - POLYCYCLIC compounds
KW  - antibody
KW  - benzo[ a ]pyrene
KW  - benzo[a]pyrene
KW  - nanoprobe
KW  - single cell
N1  - Accession Number: 13396486; Kasili, Paul M. 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan 1; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jun/Jul2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p221; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: BENZOPYRENE; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: antibody; Author-Supplied Keyword: benzo[ a ]pyrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: benzo[a]pyrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoprobe; Author-Supplied Keyword: single cell; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10406630490460700
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13396486&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caruthers, James M.
AU  - Adolf, Douglas B.
AU  - Chambers, Robert S.
AU  - Shrikhande, Prashant
T1  - A thermodynamically consistent, nonlinear viscoelastic approach for modeling glassy polymers
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 45
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 4577
EP  - 4597
SN  - 00323861
AB  - A thermodynamically consistent nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive theory is derived to capture the wide range of behavior observed in glassy polymers, including such phenomena as yield, stress/volume/enthalpy relaxation, nonlinear stress–strain behavior in complex loading histories, and physical aging. The Helmholtz free energy for an isotropic, thermorheologically simple, viscoelastic material is constructed, and quantities such as the stress and entropy are determined from the Helmholtz potential using Rational Mechanics. The constitutive theory employs a generalized strain measure and a material clock, where the rate of relaxation is controlled by the internal energy that is likewise determined consistently from the viscoelastic Helmholtz potential. This is perhaps the simplest model consistent with the basic requirements of continuum physics, where the rate of relaxation depends upon the thermodynamic state of the polymer. The predictions of the model are compared with extensive experimental data in the following companion paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - VISCOELASTICITY
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - VISCOELASTIC materials
KW  - Viscoelasticity
KW  - Volume relaxation
KW  - Yield
N1  - Accession Number: 13167003; Caruthers, James M. 1; Email Address: caruther@ecn.purdue.edu Adolf, Douglas B. 2; Email Address: dbadolf@sandia.gov Chambers, Robert S. 3; Email Address: rschamb@sandia.gov Shrikhande, Prashant 1; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2050, USA  2: Materials and Process Sciences Center, Sandia<fn id="fn4"><no>4</no>Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.</fn> National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0888, USA  3: Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0893, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 45 Issue 13, p4577; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: VISCOELASTICITY; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: VISCOELASTIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscoelasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volume relaxation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adolf, Douglas B.
AU  - Chambers, Robert S.
AU  - Caruthers, James M.
T1  - Extensive validation of a thermodynamically consistent, nonlinear viscoelastic model for glassy polymers
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 45
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 4599
EP  - 4621
SN  - 00323861
AB  - The nonlinear thermoviscoelastic formalism presented in the preceding paper is validated with four amorphous polymer systems. Validation is performed over a broad range of relaxation phenomena in the glass transition region, including the temperature and rate-dependence of the stress–strain behavior through yield, volume and enthalpy relaxation, and stress relaxation during multi-step loading histories. The objective is to obtain quantitative agreement between the constitutive theory and all experimental results using one set of model parameters for each material system. The nonlinear viscoelastic formalism is shown to predict the wide range of behavior observed experimentally, indicating that the formalism does capture the essential physics of glassy polymers. Moreover, the material parameters required in the constitutive formalism can be readily obtained from independent experiments and are relatively insensitive to how these parameters are determined experimentally from the various characterization techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VISCOELASTICITY
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Epoxy
KW  - Polycarbonate
KW  - Yield
N1  - Accession Number: 13167004; Adolf, Douglas B. 1; Email Address: dbadolf@sandia.gov Chambers, Robert S. 2; Email Address: rschamb@sandia.gov Caruthers, James M. 3; Email Address: caruther@ecn.purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Process Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0888, USA  2: Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0893, USA  3: School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2050, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 45 Issue 13, p4599; Subject Term: VISCOELASTICITY; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycarbonate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gillen, Kenneth T.
AU  - Assink, Roger A.
AU  - Bernstein, Robert
T1  - Condition monitoring approaches applied to a polychloroprene cable jacketing material
JO  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
JF  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 84
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 431
SN  - 01413910
AB  - In this paper we examine the utility of several promising material condition monitoring (CM) techniques applied to a commercial polychloroprene cable jacketing material used in nuclear power plant applications. These include two relatively unknown approaches, cross-sectional modulus profiling and NMR T2 relaxation time measurements of solvent-swelled samples, as well as three more commonly used approaches, density, gel fraction and solvent uptake. The results from each approach were compared to tensile elongation measurements, the usual standard approach for monitoring degradation of elastomers. Degradation was carried out at three temperatures and at four combined radiation plus thermal environments, all of which were selected (by theoretical modeling and later confirmed by cross-sectional degradation mapping) such that oxidation proceeded uniformly throughout the cross-section of the material. This allowed macroscopic condition monitoring measurements to be made in the absence of anomalous diffusion-limited oxidation effects. Of the techniques examined, modulus profiling, solvent uptake and NMR T2 measurements correlated extremely well with the elongation measurements and therefore showed substantial potential as CM approaches for this material. This is not unexpected since all of these techniques are sensitive to crosslinking of the material and the deterioration of the elongation is itself dominated by material hardening and thus by crosslinking. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPRENE
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - ELASTOMERS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CROSSLINKING (Polymerization)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - Aging
KW  - Condition monitoring
KW  - Modulus
KW  - NMR relaxation
KW  - Polychloroprene
KW  - Solvent uptake
KW  - Swelling
N1  - Accession Number: 13236463; Gillen, Kenneth T.; Email Address: ktgille@sandia.gov Assink, Roger A. 1 Bernstein, Robert 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Materials Aging & Reliability, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, United States; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 84 Issue 3, p419; Subject Term: CHLOROPRENE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: ELASTOMERS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CROSSLINKING (Polymerization); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Condition monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modulus; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR relaxation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polychloroprene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvent uptake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Swelling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.01.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13236463&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson Jr., Kennard V.
AU  - Smith, Bettina L.
AU  - Macdonald, John M.
AU  - Schoonover, Jon R.
AU  - Castro, Julio M.
AU  - Smith, Mark E.
AU  - Cournoyer, Michael E.
AU  - Marx, Rob
AU  - Steckle Jr., Warren P.
T1  - Physio-chemical degradation of thermally aged hypalon glove samples
JO  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
JF  - Polymer Degradation & Stability
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 84
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 439
EP  - 449
SN  - 01413910
AB  - Attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared spectra have been analyzed using multivariate curve resolution (MCR) to capture the chemistry of the thermal degradation in the aging of chlorosulfonated polyethylene (Hypalon®) glove samples. The analysis demonstrates the primary degradation pathways to be oxidation (formation of ketones and carboxylic acids), dehydrochlorination with formation of –C&z.dbnd;C– groups, and polymer crosslinking with changes in the C–H functional groups. From the multivariate analysis, the dominant degradation pathway involves carbon–carbon double bond formation and oxidation to form ketones. The tensile properties (modulus and elongation at break) demonstrate stiffening of the material with aging time. The dynamic mechanical data show that the storage modulus and mechanical loss tangent are also strongly affected with aging due to a hardening of the material. Taken together the mechanical and ATR data indicate that in thermal aging hypalon degrades by dehydrochlorination and loss of –SO2Cl functionality with –C&z.dbnd;C– formation, oxidation, and crosslinking causing the material to harden and become brittle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - CROSSLINKING (Polymerization)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - KETONES
KW  - CARBOXYLIC acids
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - Chlorosulfonated polyethylene
KW  - FTIR-ATR
KW  - Hypalon
KW  - Thermal aging
KW  - Thermal degradation
N1  - Accession Number: 13236465; Wilson Jr., Kennard V. 1; Email Address: kvw@lanl.gov Smith, Bettina L. 1 Macdonald, John M. 2 Schoonover, Jon R. 1 Castro, Julio M. 3 Smith, Mark E. 1 Cournoyer, Michael E. 2 Marx, Rob 1 Steckle Jr., Warren P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, MS E549, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Nuclear Materials and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, MS E539, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Health, Safety, and Radiation Protection Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, MS E503, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 84 Issue 3, p439; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: CROSSLINKING (Polymerization); Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: KETONES; Subject Term: CARBOXYLIC acids; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorosulfonated polyethylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTIR-ATR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hypalon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal degradation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.01.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13236465&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heller, Martin C.
AU  - Keoleian, Gregory A.
AU  - Mann, Margaret K.
AU  - Volk, Timothy A.
T1  - Life cycle energy and environmental benefits of generating electricity from willow biomass
JO  - Renewable Energy: An International Journal
JF  - Renewable Energy: An International Journal
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1023
SN  - 09601481
AB  - Biomass is a key renewable energy source expected to play an important role in US electricity production under stricter emission regulations and renewable portfolio standards. Willow energy crops are being developed in the northeast US as a fuel source for increasing biomass energy and bioproduct demands. A life cycle inventory is presented that characterizes the full cradle-to-grave energy and environmental performance of willow biomass-to-electricity. A willow biomass production model is developed using demonstration-scale field experience from New York. Scenarios are presented that mimic anticipated cofiring operations, including supplemental use of wood residues, at an existing coal-fired generating facility. At a cofiring rate of 10% biomass, the system net energy ratio (electricity delivered divided by total fossil fuel consumed) increases by 8.9% and net global warming potential decreases by 7–10%. Net SO2 emissions are reduced by 9.5% and a significant reduction in NOx emissions is expected. In addition, we estimate system performance of using willow biomass in dedicated biomass gasification and direct-fired generating facilities and demonstrate that the pollution avoided (relative to the current electricity grid) is comparable to other renewables such as PV and wind. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable Energy: An International Journal is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS energy
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - Air emissions
KW  - Cofiring with coal
KW  - Energy crops
KW  - Global warming
N1  - Accession Number: 12376656; Heller, Martin C. 1 Keoleian, Gregory A. 1; Email Address: gregak@umich.edu Mann, Margaret K. 2 Volk, Timothy A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Sustainable Systems, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, 430 East University Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1115, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 133 Illick Hall, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 29 Issue 7, p1023; Subject Term: BIOMASS energy; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cofiring with coal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy crops; Author-Supplied Keyword: Global warming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.renene.2003.11.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12376656&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, R. Michael
T1  - The Sunflower Forest: Ecological Restoration and the New Communion with Nature.
JO  - Restoration Ecology
JF  - Restoration Ecology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 308
EP  - 309
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 10612971
AB  - Reviews the book "The Sunflower Forest: Ecological Restoration and the New Communion With Nature," by William R. Jordan III.
KW  - RESTORATION ecology
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - REVIEWS
KW  - JORDAN, William R., 1944-
KW  - SUNFLOWER Forest: Ecological Restoration & the New Communion With Nature, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13176339; Miller, R. Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p308; Subject Term: RESTORATION ecology; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: REVIEWS; Reviews & Products: SUNFLOWER Forest: Ecological Restoration & the New Communion With Nature, The (Book); People: JORDAN, William R., 1944-; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1111/j.1061-2971.2004.012002.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13176339&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, Bernhard W.
T1  - Using 15 fs, LINAC-generated electron bunches for naturally synchronized infrared pump x-ray probe experiments with coherent synchrotron radiation.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1982
EP  - 1987
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - It is proposed to use highly compressed 15 fs bunches from a linear accelerator, such as the Stanford Linear Accelerator, for the production of both ultrashort x rays and mid-infrared coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR). The two types of radiation are synchronized with each other on the femtosecond time scale and can be used for pump–probe experiments in the study of ultrafast phenomena. A possible extension to 3 fs bunches is discussed, where the CSR serves both, as a source of pump radiation and as an indicator for those bunches that are perfectly compressed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC experimentation
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 13269779; Adams, Bernhard W. 1; Email Address: adams@aps.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 75 Issue 6, p1982; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC experimentation; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753099
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13269779&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mobley, Joel
AU  - Cullum, Brian M.
AU  - Wintenberg, Alan L.
AU  - Frank, S. Shane
AU  - Maples, Robert A.
AU  - Stokes, David L.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Single-board computer based control system for a portable Raman device with integrated chemical identification.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2016
EP  - 2023
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We report the development of a battery-powered portable chemical identification device for field use consisting of an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF)-based Raman spectrometer with integrated data processing and analysis software. The various components and custom circuitry are integrated into a self-contained instrument by control software that runs on an embedded single-board computer (SBC), which communicates with the various instrument modules through a 48-line bidirectional TTL bus. The user interacts with the instrument via a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display unit (LCD) that provides soft buttons for user control as well as visual feedback (e.g., spectral plots, stored data, instrument settings, etc.) from the instrument. The control software manages all operational aspects of the instrument with the exception of the power management module that is run by embedded firmware. The SBC-based software includes both automated and manual library searching capabilities, permitting rapid identification of samples in the field. The use of the SBC in tandem with the LCD touchscreen for interfacing and control provides the instrument with a great deal of flexibility as its function can be customized to specific users or tasks via software modifications alone. The instrument, as currently configured, can be operated as a research-grade Raman spectrometer for scientific applications and as a “black-box” chemical identification system for field use. The instrument can acquire 198-point spectra over a spectral range of 238–1620 cm-1, perform a library search, and display the results in less than 14 s. The operating modes of the instrument are demonstrated illustrating the utility and flexibility afforded the system by the SBC–LCD control module. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13269773; Mobley, Joel 1 Cullum, Brian M. 1 Wintenberg, Alan L. 2 Frank, S. Shane 2 Maples, Robert A. 1 Stokes, David L. 1 Vo-Dinh, Tuan 1; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101.  2: Monolithic Systems Group, Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 75 Issue 6, p2016; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753670
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13269773&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holman, Karen L. McFarlane
AU  - Latimer, Matthew J.
AU  - Yachandra, Vittal K.
T1  - Liquid helium cryostat with internal fluorescence detection for x-ray absorption studies in the 2–6 keV energy region.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2056
EP  - 2060
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in the intermediate x-ray region (2–6 keV) for dilute biological samples has been limited because of detector/flux limitations and inadequate cryogenic instrumentation. We have designed and constructed a new tailpiece/sample chamber for a commercially available liquid helium cooled cryostat which overcomes difficulties related to low fluorescence signals by using thin window materials and incorporating an internal photodiode detector. With the apparatus, XAS data at the Cl, S, and Ca K edges have been collected on frozen solutions and biological samples at temperatures down to 60 K. A separate chamber has been incorporated for collecting room-temperature spectra of standard compounds (for energy calibration purposes) which prevents contamination of the cryostat chamber and allows the sample to remain undisturbed, both important concerns for studying dilute and radiation-sensitive samples. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13269767; Holman, Karen L. McFarlane 1; Email Address: kholman@willamette.edu Latimer, Matthew J. 2; Email Address: latimer@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu Yachandra, Vittal K. 1; Email Address: vkyachandra@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Melvin Calvin Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-5230.  2: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 75 Issue 6, p2056; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753672
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13269767&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Disdier, L.
AU  - Lerche, R. A.
AU  - Bourgade, J. L.
AU  - Glebov, V. Yu.
T1  - Capillary detector with deuterated scintillator for inertial confinement fusion neutron images.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2134
EP  - 2139
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We demonstrate 325 μm spatial resolution in a 14 MeV neutron detector made with a capillary array filled with a deuterated liquid scintillator. A 10 μm source resolution in an image formed by 14 MeV neutrons is now achievable on a 25 m line-of-sight path for implosions at the Laser Mega Joule and the National Ignition Facilities. Analysis of penumbral and annular imaging techniques using this capillary array technology predicts good signal-to-noise ratios for images formed by targets yielding 1015 neutrons or more. Experimental images of individual scattered recoil ions and measurement of their resulting light distributions are presented and are well understood. Neutron imaging of deuterium-filled capsules is also found to be feasible, based on the light-yield calibration of the neutron detector. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13269754; Disdier, L. 1; Email Address: laurent.disdier@cea.fr Lerche, R. A. 2 Bourgade, J. L. 1 Glebov, V. Yu. 3; Affiliation:  1: CEA-DAM Ile de France, Boîte Postale 12, 91680 Bruyères le Chatel, France.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.  3: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623-1299.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 75 Issue 6, p2134; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1755443
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13269754&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mriziq, K. S.
AU  - Dai, H. J.
AU  - Dadmun, M. D.
AU  - Jellison, G. E.
AU  - Cochran, H. D.
T1  - High-shear-rate optical rheometer.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2171
EP  - 2176
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have developed a parallel-plate rheometer in a magnetic-disk drive configuration constructed of optically transparent materials and operating with a very small gap for measurements at very high shear rates. The friction force at the disk–slider interface has been measured as a function of sliding speed while the film thickness was monitored in situ using a capacitance technique. The shear rate is calculated from the film thickness and the sliding speed. A thin film can be applied on the disk, which allows very high-shear-rate measurements at low sliding speeds with negligible viscous heating. Both disk and slider have been made of optically transparent material to allow optical measurements simultaneously with the rheological measurements. In the present mode, the apparatus is set up for simultaneous rheometery and birefringence measurements on a thin film of polymer lubricant. Rheology and birefringence measurements were made on a perfluoropolyether lubricant over a range of strain rate from 103 s-1 to greater than 106 s-1 with 800 nm, 400 nm, and 200 nm film thicknesses. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - RHEOMETERS
KW  - MEASURING instruments
KW  - FLOW meters
N1  - Accession Number: 13269748; Mriziq, K. S. 1 Dai, H. J. 2 Dadmun, M. D. 2 Jellison, G. E. 3 Cochran, H. D. 4,5; Email Address: hdc@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.  3: Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  5: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 75 Issue 6, p2171; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: RHEOMETERS; Subject Term: MEASURING instruments; Subject Term: FLOW meters; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711145
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clarke, James H.
AU  - MacDonell, Margaret M.
AU  - Smith, Ellen D.
AU  - Dunn, R. Jeffery
AU  - Waugh, W. Jody
T1  - Engineered Containment and Control Systems: Nurturing Nature.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 24
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 771
EP  - 779
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The development of engineered containment and control systems for contaminated sites must consider the environmental setting of each site. The behaviors of both contaminated materials and engineered systems are affected by environmental conditions that will continue to evolve over time as a result of such natural processes as climate change, ecological succession, pedogenesis, and landform changes. Understanding these processes is crucial to designing, implementing, and maintaining effective systems for sustained health and environmental protection. Traditional engineered systems such as landfill liners and caps are designed to resist natural processes rather than working with them. These systems cannot be expected to provide long-term isolation without continued maintenance. In some cases, full-scale replacement and remediation may be required within 50 years, at an effort and cost much higher than for the original cleanup. Approaches are being developed to define smarter containment and control systems for stewardship sites, considering lessons learned from implementing prescriptive waste disposal regulations enacted since the 1970s. These approaches more effectively involve integrating natural and engineered systems; enhancing sensors and predictive tools for evaluating performance; and incorporating information on failure events, including precursors and consequences, into system design and maintenance. An important feature is using natural analogs to predict environmental conditions and system responses over the long term, to accommodate environmental change in the design process, and, as possible, to engineer containment systems that mimic favorable natural systems. The key emphasis is harmony with the environment, so systems will work with and rely on natural processes rather than resisting them. Implementing these new integrated systems will reduce current requirements for active management, which are resource-intensive and expensive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Environmental management
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - containment and control
KW  - engineered systems
KW  - Environmental stewardship
KW  - natural processes
KW  - waste management
N1  - Accession Number: 13515097; Clarke, James H. 1; Email Address: james.h.clarke@vanderbilt.edu; MacDonell, Margaret M. 2; Smith, Ellen D. 3; Dunn, R. Jeffery 4; Waugh, W. Jody 5; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; 4: Kleinfelder, Inc., Pleasanton, CA, USA; 5: Environmental Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy Grand Junction Office, Grand Junction, CO, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p771; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental management; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: containment and control; Author-Supplied Keyword: engineered systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental stewardship; Author-Supplied Keyword: natural processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: waste management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00474.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13515097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Somekawa, H.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Higashi, K.
T1  - Instrumented indentation properties of electrodeposited Ni–W alloys with different microstructures
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 50
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1361
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The microstructures and mechanical properties electrodeposited Ni–W alloys synthesized at two plating bath temperatures of 353 and 348 K were investigated. Whereas the 353 K sample is amorphous, the 348 K sample has a mixed amorphous-nanocrystalline structure. As a result, the strength of the 348 K sample exhibits strong strain rate dependence during nanoindentation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOY plating
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - Amorphous structure
KW  - Electrodeposition
KW  - Nanocrystals
KW  - Ni–W alloy
KW  - Strain rate sensitivity
N1  - Accession Number: 12639689; Somekawa, H. 1; Email Address: cz203@mtl.osakafu-u.ac.jp Nieh, T.G. 2 Higashi, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 50 Issue 11, p1361; Subject Term: ALLOY plating; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni–W alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain rate sensitivity; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.02.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bochev, Pavel
AU  - Gunzburger, Max
T1  - AN ABSOLUTELY STABLE PRESSURE-POISSON STABILIZED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR THE STOKES EQUATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 42
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1189
EP  - 1207
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - The pressure-Poisson stabilized Galerkin method for the Stokes equation requires the choice of a positive parameter. Existing theoretical predictions for the range of parameter values that yield stable discretizations seem to be very pessimistic when compared to the computational evidence. Motivated by this wide gap, we first examine a continuous prototype for this class of schemes. We show that the prototype is absolutely stable; i.e., it is stable for all parameter values, and is optimally accurate. We then define a new, practical variant of the well-known pressure-Poisson stabilized scheme. We prove that the new method is absolutely stable just like its continuous prototype and that it achieves optimal convergence rates with respect to the same mesh-independent norms. The new method differs from the standard pressure-Poisson stabilized method in several important aspects. First, its definition does not degrade to a penalty formulation for the lowest order nodal spaces. Second, the method is absolutely stable with respect to the natural norm for the problem, while the standard pressure-Poisson stabilized method is stable with respect to a mesh-dependent norm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - STOKES equations
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - mixed methods
KW  - stabilized finite element methods
KW  - Stokes problem
N1  - Accession Number: 14692425; Bochev, Pavel 1; Email Address: pbboche@sandia.gov Gunzburger, Max 2; Email Address: gunzburg@csit.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Computational Mathematics and Algorithms Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110  2: School of Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4120; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p1189; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: STOKES equations; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: mixed methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: stabilized finite element methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stokes problem; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036142903416547
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ding, Chirs H. Q.
AU  - Hongyuan Zha
AU  - Xiaofeng He
AU  - Husbands, Parry
AU  - Simon, Horst D.
T1  - Link Analysis: Hubs and Authorities on the World Wide Web.
JO  - SIAM Review
JF  - SIAM Review
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
EP  - 268
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361445
AB  - Ranking the tens of thousands of retrieved webpages for a user query on a Web search engine such that the most informative webpages are on the top is a key information retrieval technology. A popular ranking algorithm is the HITS algorithm of Kleinberg. It explores the reinforcing interplay between authority and hub webpages on a particular topic by taking into account the structure of the Web graphs formed by the hyperlinks between the webpages. In this paper, we give a detailed analysis of the HITS algorithm through a unique combination of probabilistic analysis and matrix algebra. In particular, we show that to first-order approximation, the ranking given by the HITS algorithm is the same as the ranking by counting inbound and outbound hyperlinks. Using Web graphs of different sizes, we also provide experimental results to illustrate the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Review is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WEB search engines
KW  - WORLD Wide Web
KW  - WEBSITES
KW  - COMPUTER network resources
KW  - ELECTRONIC information resources
KW  - ELECTRONIC records
KW  - co-citation
KW  - co-reference
KW  - HITS
KW  - PageRank
KW  - random graph
KW  - webpage ranking
N1  - Accession Number: 13376478; Ding, Chirs H. Q. 1; Email Address: chqding@lbl.gov Hongyuan Zha 2; Email Address: zha@cse.psu.edu Xiaofeng He; Email Address: xhe@lbl.gov Husbands, Parry; Email Address: pjrhusbands@lbl.gov Simon, Horst D.; Email Address: hdsimon@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p256; Subject Term: WEB search engines; Subject Term: WORLD Wide Web; Subject Term: WEBSITES; Subject Term: COMPUTER network resources; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC information resources; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC records; Author-Supplied Keyword: co-citation; Author-Supplied Keyword: co-reference; Author-Supplied Keyword: HITS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PageRank; Author-Supplied Keyword: random graph; Author-Supplied Keyword: webpage ranking; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036144501389218
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwank, J.R.
AU  - Ferlet-Cavrois, V.
AU  - Dodd, P.E.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M.R.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Paillet, P.
AU  - Flament, O.
T1  - Analysis of heavy-ion induced charge collection mechanisms in SOI circuits
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 48
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1027
SN  - 00381101
AB  - Focused ion microbeam and broadbeam heavy-ion experiments on capacitors and SRAMs are used to investigate charge collection in SOI devices. Charge collection in capacitors and ICs can be induced by displacement currents caused by the release of charge in the substrate. The magnitude of charge collection depends on the geometry, gate surface area and oxide thickness of the device. It is mainly induced by the diffusion of carriers generated in the silicon bulk, which induces a voltage drop under the oxide surface. Carrier diffusion in low-doped silicon creates coupling effects between MOS elements separated by up to hundreds of microns. However, because of charge sharing effects, charge collection by displacement currents (by itself) does not appear to significantly affect SEU sensitivity in SOI devices. p–n junctions are far less sensitive to charge sharing effects than neighboring MOS structures.A mechanism that can significantly increase the SEU saturation cross section in SOI devices is charge release in non-ideally doped drain regions (not heavily doped throughout the silicon film). Carriers released in drain regions can drift or diffuse into the body region and be amplified by parasitic bipolar effects. By heavily doping drain junctions throughout the silicon film, drain strike sensitivity can be significantly reduced. For this case, SEU sensitivity can be limited to gate (body) strikes and by reducing parasitic bipolar effects using body ties, SOI circuits can be fabricated that are very hard to single event effects.These results have important implications on the soft-error reliability of SOI and other oxide-isolated structures, e.g., DRAMs. For SOI SRAMs, it is possible that the additive effects of charge collection by displacement currents and charge released in drain regions may lead to SEU. For trench DRAMs, the retention capacitors are particularly sensitive to charge released in the substrate. Charge collection in retention capacitors by displacement currents can lead to multiple bit upsets (MBUs) in DRAMs, thus significantly degrading the soft-error reliability of DRAMs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - IONS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - GEOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 12443175; Schwank, J.R. 1; Email Address: schwanjr@sandia.gov Ferlet-Cavrois, V. 2; Email Address: ferlet@bruyeres.cea.fr Dodd, P.E. 1 Shaneyfelt, M.R. 1 Vizkelethy, G. 1 Paillet, P. 2 Flament, O. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1083, USA  2: CEA/DIF, BP12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 48 Issue 6, p1027; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sse.2003.12.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daujotyt≐, Dalia
AU  - Serva, Saulius
AU  - Vilkaitis, Giedrius
AU  - Merkien≐, Egl≐
AU  - Venclovas, Česlovas
AU  - Klimašauskas, Saulius
T1  - HhaI DNA Methyltransferase Uses the Protruding Gln237 for Active Flipping of Its Target Cytosine
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1046
EP  - 1054
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Access to a nucleotide by its rotation out of the DNA helix (base flipping) is used by numerous DNA modification and repair enzymes. Despite extensive studies of the paradigm HhaI methyltransferase, initial events leading to base flipping remained elusive. Here we demonstrate that the replacement of the target C:G pair with the 2-aminopurine:T pair in the DNA or shortening of the side chain of Gln237 in the protein severely perturb base flipping, but retain specific DNA binding. Kinetic analyses and molecular modeling suggest that a steric interaction between the protruding side chain of Gln237 and the target cytosine in B-DNA reduces the energy barrier for flipping by 3 kcal/mol. Subsequent stabilization of an open state by further 4 kcal/mol is achieved through specific hydrogen bonding of the side chain to the orphan guanine. Gln237 thus plays a key role in actively opening the target C:G pair by a “push-and-bind” mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHYLTRANSFERASES
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - DNA helicases
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 13292409; Daujotyt≐, Dalia 1 Serva, Saulius 1 Vilkaitis, Giedrius 1 Merkien≐, Egl≐ 1 Venclovas, Česlovas 1,2 Klimašauskas, Saulius 1; Email Address: klimasau@ibt.lt; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Biological DNA Modification, Institute of Biotechnology, LT-02241 Vilnius, Lithuania  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p1046; Subject Term: METHYLTRANSFERASES; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: DNA helicases; Subject Term: GENES; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.04.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rivard, J. D. K.
AU  - Blue, C. A.
AU  - Ott, R. D.
AU  - Sabau, A.
AU  - Santella, M.
AU  - Pan, T.-Y.
AU  - Joaquin, A.
T1  - Advanced Manufacturing Technologies Utilising High Density Infrared Radiant Heating.
JO  - Surface Engineering
JF  - Surface Engineering
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 220
EP  - 228
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 02670844
AB  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory has developed a unique rapid heating capability utilizing a high density infrared (HDI) radiant plasma arc lamp. Power densities ≤3.5 W cm-2 are achievable over an area 35 x 3.175 cm. The power output of the lamp is continuously variable over a range from 1.5% to 100% of available power, and power changes can occur in <20 ms. Processing temperatures ≤3000°C can be obtained in a wide variety of processing environments, making HDI a flexible processing tool. Recently, this newly developed heating method was used to investigate selective softening, i. e. hardness reduction of 6063-T6 aluminium alloy. By changing the incident power and exposure time, the percentage reduction in hardness and softened zone size can be varied. It is shown that computer modelling can be used to predict the thermal history and the resulting heat affected zone during HDI processing. In the present work, a 50% reduction in hardness was achieved and confirmed by mechanical testing and microstructural investigation. Micrographs of softened aluminium show that Mg2Si precipitates had dissolved back into solution. This new approach allows materials to be engineered for a predetermined response to dynamic loading or other environmental situations. SE/S282 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - ARC lamps
KW  - Aluminium alloys
KW  - EFFECTIVE PROCESSING TIME
KW  - HIGH DENSITY INFRARED PROCESSING
KW  - PLASMA ARC LAMP HEATING
KW  - Plasma are lamp heating
KW  - Preferential heat treating
KW  - RADIANT HEAT TRANSFER MODELLING
KW  - Thermophysical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13522272; Rivard, J. D. K. 1; Email Address: rivardjd@ornl.gov Blue, C. A. 1 Ott, R. D. 1 Sabau, A. 1 Santella, M. 1 Pan, T.-Y. 2 Joaquin, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.  2: Ford Research Laboratory, Manufacturing Systems Department, Dearborn, MI 48124, USA.; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p220; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: ARC lamps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminium alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: EFFECTIVE PROCESSING TIME; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIGH DENSITY INFRARED PROCESSING; Author-Supplied Keyword: PLASMA ARC LAMP HEATING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma are lamp heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preferential heat treating; Author-Supplied Keyword: RADIANT HEAT TRANSFER MODELLING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermophysical properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/026708404225015022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rubinstein, Robert
AU  - Clark, Timothy T.
T1  - A generalized Heisenberg model for turbulent spectral dynamics.
JO  - Theoretical & Computational Fluid Dynamics
JF  - Theoretical & Computational Fluid Dynamics
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 272
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09354964
AB  - A simplified closure model for turbulent spectral dynamics is proposed. Beginning with an analytical closure similar to the test field model, energy transfer is modeled by replacing general triad interactions by degenerate triad interactions, resulting in a pair interaction description similar to the classical Heisenberg model. This energy transfer model is coupled to a similarly simplified time scale evolution equation. These simplifications make it possible to preserve many features of much more complex analytical closures like the direct interaction approximation and the Lagrangian renormalized approximation in a computationally tractable model. The model is tested in decaying isotropic turbulence and in forced isotropic turbulence. It is found to exhibit refined properties, including energy backscatter to large scales and the bottleneck phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical & Computational Fluid Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - Heisenberg model
KW  - Isotropic turbulence
KW  - turbulence closures
N1  - Accession Number: 14019447; Rubinstein, Robert 1; Email Address: r.rubinstein@larc.nasa.gov Clark, Timothy T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Computational Modeling and Simulation Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23861-2199, USA  2: X Division, Group X-3, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p249; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heisenberg model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotropic turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: turbulence closures; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spellman, Paul T.
AU  - Sherlock, Gavin
T1  - Reply: whole-culture synchronization – effective tools for cell cycle studies
JO  - Trends in Biotechnology
JF  - Trends in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
EP  - 273
SN  - 01677799
AB  - Studies of gene expression during the eukaryotic cell cycle in whole-culture synchronized cultures have been published using many methodologies. These procedures alter the state of the cell cycle for a population of cells, rather than purifying a population of cells that are in the same state. Criticism of these methods (e.g. see Cooper, this issue, pp. 266–269, ) suggests that these studies are flawed, and posits that such methodologies cannot be used to study the cell cycle because they alter the size and age distributions of the cultures. We believe that whole-culture cell cycle studies work even though they alter the size and age distributions: these cells still progress through the cell cycle and although we do not suggest that the methods are perfect, we will explain how these microarray studies have successfully identified cell cycle regulated genes and why these results are biologically meaningful. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Biotechnology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Eukaryotic cells
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Cell cycle
KW  - Cell populations
N1  - Accession Number: 13177895; Spellman, Paul T. 1; Email Address: PTSpellman@lbl.gov; Sherlock, Gavin 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Science Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 84, Room 336, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; 2: Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Stanford, California 94305-5120, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p270; Thesaurus Term: Eukaryotic cells; Subject Term: Gene expression; Subject Term: Cell cycle; Subject Term: Cell populations; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spellman, Paul T.
AU  - Sherlock, Gavin
T1  - Final words: cell age and cell cycle are unlinked
JO  - Trends in Biotechnology
JF  - Trends in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 278
SN  - 01677799
AB  - Cooper has a simple belief: that the cell cycle is connected to age and size. Furthermore, as a result of this connection in his mind he believes that there are no possible manipulations that can operate on a batch culture to synchronize cells within the cell cycle, such that those cells can undergo a semblance of a normal cell cycle. His formulation of this argument is as a ‘fundamental law’, the law of conservation of cell-age order (LCCAO). The first part of this law – ‘there is no batch treatment of the culture that can lead to an alteration of the cell-age order’ – can probably be proved true, in the mathematical sense, and certainly makes intuitive sense. Unfortunately the corollaries of this law are rather suspect, drawing inferences from cell age to cell size to the cell cycle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Biotechnology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Biological rhythms
KW  - Cell cycle
KW  - Cells
KW  - Age
N1  - Accession Number: 13177897; Spellman, Paul T. 1; Email Address: PTSpellman@lbl.gov; Sherlock, Gavin 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Science Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 84, Room 336, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; 2: Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Stanford, California 94305-5120, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p277; Thesaurus Term: Biological rhythms; Subject Term: Cell cycle; Subject Term: Cells; Subject Term: Age; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.012
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, Feifei
AU  - Peters-Lidard, Christa D.
AU  - Sale, Michael J.
AU  - King, Anthony W.
T1  - A comparison of geographical information systems-based algorithms for computing the TOPMODEL topographic index.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 40
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - The performance of six geographical information systems (GIS)-based topographic index algorithms is evaluated by computing root-mean-square errors of the computed and the theoretical topographic indices of three idealized hillslopes: planar, convergent, and divergent. In addition to these three idealized cases, two divergent hillslopes with varying slopes, i.e., concave (slopes decrease from top to bottom) and convex (slopes increase from top to bottom) are also tested. The six GIS-based topographic index algorithms are combinations of flow direction and slope algorithms: i.e., single flow direction (SFD), biflow direction (BFD), and multiple flow direction (MFD) plus methods that determine slope values in flat areas, e.g., W-M method [ Wolock and McCabe, 1995] and tracking flow direction (TFD) method. Two combinations of horizontal resolution and vertical resolution of the idealized terrain data are used to evaluate those methods. Among those algorithms the MFD algorithm is the most accurate followed by the BFD algorithm and the SFD algorithm. As the vertical resolution increases, the errors in the computed topographic index for all algorithms decrease. We found that the orientation of the contour lines of planar hillslopes significantly influences the SFD's computed topographic index. If the contour lines are not parallel to one of eight possible flow directions, the errors in the SFD's computed topographic index are significant. If mean slope is small, TFD becomes more accurate because slope values in flat areas are better estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - biflow direction algorithm
KW  - GIS
KW  - multiple flow direction algorithm
KW  - single flow direction algorithm
KW  - TOPMODEL
KW  - topographic index
N1  - Accession Number: 87144463; Pan, Feifei 1; Peters-Lidard, Christa D. 2; Sale, Michael J. 1; King, Anthony W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 2: Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 6, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: biflow direction algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: GIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiple flow direction algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: single flow direction algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOPMODEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: topographic index; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2004WR003069
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaplan, D. I.
AU  - Gilmore, T. J.
T1  - Zero-Valent Iron Removal Rates of Aqueous Cr(VI) Measured Under Flow Conditions.
JO  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
JF  - Water, Air & Soil Pollution
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 155
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 33
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00496979
AB  - The rates of Cr(VI) removal from the aqueous phase by zero-valent iron, Fe(0), was measured under flow conditions. The intent of this work was to generate removal rate coefficients that would be applicable to the Reactive Well Technology, a groundwater remediation technology that replaces the sand in a filter pack of a conventional well with a reactive material, such as Fe(0). Dissolved Cr(VI) concentration, dissolved O2 concentration, and Eh data indicated that Cr(VI) removal from the aqueous phase was mass-transfer limited. All pseudo-first-order regression fits to the data were significant (P ≤ 0.05), however, they did not capture many of the salient aspects of the data, including that the removal rate often decreased as contact time increased. As such, application of these rate coefficients to predict long-term Cr(VI) removal were compromised. The rate coefficients measured under flow conditions were comparable to those measured previously under batch conditions with significantly greater solution:solid ratios. Between the range of 20 and 100 wt-% Fe(0) in the column, there was little measurable change in the reaction kinetics. Thus, it may be possible to include sand into the reactive filter packs in the event it is necessary to increase filter pack porosity or to decrease the accumulation of secondary reaction products that may lead to filter pack plugging. Background water chemistry (0.2 M NaHCO3, distilled water, and a carbonate-dominated groundwater) had only marginal, if any, effects on reaction rate coefficients. The reaction rates measured in this study indicated that an Fe(0) filter pack could be used to lower Cr(VI) concentrations by several orders of magnitude in a once-through mode of operation of the Reactive Well Technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water chemistry
KW  - Iron
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - chromium
KW  - groundwater remediation
KW  - kinetics
KW  - metallic iron
KW  - reactive well technology
KW  - recirculating well
N1  - Accession Number: 15341934; Kaplan, D. I. 1; Email Address: daniel.kaplan@srs.gov; Gilmore, T. J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Aiken SC, U.S.A.; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K6-81, Richland, WA, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 155 Issue 1-4, p21; Thesaurus Term: Water chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Hydrology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: chromium; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater remediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: metallic iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactive well technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: recirculating well; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mosleh, Mohsen
AU  - Blau, Peter J.
AU  - Dumitrescu, Delia
T1  - Characteristics and morphology of wear particles from laboratory testing of disk brake materials
JO  - Wear
JF  - Wear
Y1  - 2004/06//
VL  - 256
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1128
EP  - 1134
SN  - 00431648
AB  - The geometrical characteristics and morphology of wear particles generated from brake materials are important for environmental and tribological reasons. Low- and high-speed, pin-on-disk friction and wear testing of a commercial truck brake pad material against cast iron was conducted in which wear debris was collected. The sliding speed was held constant either at 0.275 or at 5 m/s, and the nominal contact pressure was varied between 0.125 and 1.25 MPa in room temperature air. In low-speed experiments, some tests were conducted with the pin in continuous sliding contact and others in which the pin specimen was raised and lowered periodically. Laser scattering examination of wear debris revealed two distinct peaks in the plot of frequency versus the mean particle size. The first peak occurs around 350 nm and does not vary with respect to the pressure and the sliding speed. The location of the second peak varies between 2 and 15 μm, depending on the pressure and the sliding speed. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis of wear particles revealed particles having a high concentration of carbon, silicon, aluminum, iron, oxygen, molybdenum, and sulfur. It was also found that the continuity or discontinuity of sliding contact affects the size distribution of wear particles. In general, when the motion was discontinuous, as is the case in a repeated braking action, smaller wear particles are generated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Wear is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BEARINGS (Machinery)
KW  - AIRPLANES -- Disc brakes
KW  - TRIBOLOGY
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Brake dust
KW  - Debris size distribution
KW  - Disk brake materials
KW  - Wear particle morphology
KW  - Wear particles
N1  - Accession Number: 13066503; Mosleh, Mohsen 1; Email Address: mmosleh@fac.howard.edu Blau, Peter J. 2 Dumitrescu, Delia 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Architecture and Computer Sciences, College of Engineering, Howard University, Rm 2036-C, 2300 6th Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA  2: Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 256 Issue 11/12, p1128; Subject Term: BEARINGS (Machinery); Subject Term: AIRPLANES -- Disc brakes; Subject Term: TRIBOLOGY; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Brake dust; Author-Supplied Keyword: Debris size distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disk brake materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear particle morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wear particles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332991 Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.wear.2003.07.007
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yujin Qi
AU  - Tsui, Benjamin M. W.
AU  - Gilland, Karen L.
AU  - Frey, Eric C.
AU  - Gullberg, Grant T.
T1  - Evaluation of Parallel and Fan-Beam Data Acquisition Geometries and Strategies for Myocardial SPECT Imaging.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/02/Jun2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
EP  - 672
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This study evaluates myocardial SPECT images obtained from parallel-hole (PH) and fan-beam (FR) collimator geometries using both circular-orbit (CO) and noncircular-orbit (NCO) acquisitions. A newly developed 4-D NURBS-based cardiac-torso (NCAT) phantom was used to simulate the 99mTc-sestamibi uptakes in human torso with myocardial defects in the left ventricular (LV) wall. Two phantoms were generated to simulate patients with thick and thin body builds. Projection data including the effects of attenuation, collimator-detector response and scatter were generated using SIMSET Monte Carlo simulations. A large number of photon histories were generated such that the projection data were close to noise free. Poisson noise fluctuations were then added to simulate the count densities found in clinical data. Noise-free and noisy projection data were reconstructed using the iterative OS-EM reconstruction algorithm with attenuation compensation. The reconstructed images from noisy projection data show that the noise levels are lower for the FB as compared to the PH collimator due to increase in detected counts. The NCO acquisition method provides slightly better resolution and small improvement in defect contrast as compared to the CO acquisition method in noise-free reconstructed images. Despite lower projection counts the NCO shows the same noise level as the CO in the attenuation corrected reconstruction images. The results from the channelized Hotelling observer (CHO) study show that FB collimator is superior to PH collimator in myocardial defect detection, but the NCO shows no statistical significant difference from the CO for either PH or FB collimator. In conclusion, our results indicate that data acquisition using NCO makes a very small improvement in the resolution over CO for myocardial SPECT imaging. This small improvement does not make a significant difference on myocardial defect detection. However, an FR collimator provides better defect detection than a PH collimator with similar spatial resolution for myocardial SPECT imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Myocardium
KW  - Collimators (Optical instrument)
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Image reconstruction
KW  - Channelized Hotelling observer (CHO)
KW  - fan beam
KW  - ROC analysis
KW  - SPECT
N1  - Accession Number: 13914062; Yujin Qi 1; Email Address: yqi1@jhmi.edu; Tsui, Benjamin M. W. 1; Email Address: btsui1@jhmi.edu; Gilland, Karen L. 1; Email Address: kgillan2@jhmi.edu; Frey, Eric C. 1; Email Address: efrey@jhmi.edu; Gullberg, Grant T. 2; Email Address: gtgullberg@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Division of Medical Imaging Physics, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287-0859 USA.; 2: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p667; Subject Term: Myocardium; Subject Term: Collimators (Optical instrument); Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Algorithms; Subject Term: Image reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Channelized Hotelling observer (CHO); Author-Supplied Keyword: fan beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: ROC analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: SPECT; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829737
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peggs, Stephen G.
T1  - Fundamental Limits to Stereotactic Proton Therapy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/02/Jun2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 681
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Proton therapy techniques are developing from passive scattering toward 3-D multifield scanning modalities, increasing the demands for speed and for dose distributions with sharp edges. Fundamental physics (energy straggling and multiple Coulomb scattering) ultimately limit treatment performance parameters, even for an ideal beam delivery system. This paper calculates how few independent beam delivery control points are needed in a tumor in order to perform the sharpest possible stereotactic surgery, with 1 % integrated dose flatness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Physics
KW  - Stereotaxic techniques
KW  - Protons
KW  - Surgery
KW  - Imaging systems
KW  - Tumors
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - proton therapy
KW  - treatment planning
N1  - Accession Number: 13914064; Peggs, Stephen G. 1; Email Address: peggs@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p677; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Subject Term: Stereotaxic techniques; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Surgery; Subject Term: Imaging systems; Subject Term: Tumors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: treatment planning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829734
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, G.-C.
AU  - Huber, J. S.
AU  - Moses, W. W.
AU  - Choong, W.-S.
AU  - Maltz, J. S.
T1  - Calibration of a PEM Detector With Depth of Interaction Measurement.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/02/Jun2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
EP  - 781
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We present an in situ calibration technique for the LBNL positron emission mammography (PEM) detector module that is capable of measuring depth of interaction (DOI). The detector module consists of 64 LSO crystals coupled on one end to a single photomultiplier tube (PMT) and on the opposite end to a 64 pixel array of silicon photodiodes (PD). The PMT provides an accurate timing pulse, the PDs identify the crystal of interaction, the sum provides a total energy signal and the Γ = PD/(PD + PMT) ratio determines the depth of interaction. We calibrate using the 176Lu natural background radiation of the LSO crystals. We determine the relative gain (K) of the PMT and PD by minimizing the asymmetry of the Γ distribution. We determine the depth dependence from the width of the Γ distribution with optimal K. The performance of calibrated detector modules is evaluated by averaging results from 12 modules. The energy resolution is a function of depth ranging from 24% FWHM at the PD end to 51% FWHM at the PMT end, and the DOI resolution ranges from 6 mm FWHM at the PD end toll nun FWHM at the PMT end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emission tomography
KW  - Imaging systems in medicine
KW  - Diagnostic imaging
KW  - Tomography
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Positrons
KW  - Biomedical imaging
KW  - calibration
KW  - depth of interaction (DOI)
KW  - detectors
KW  - positron emission tomography (PET)
N1  - Accession Number: 13914079; Wang, G.-C. 1; Email Address: gcwang@lbl.gov; Huber, J. S. 1; Moses, W. W. 1; Choong, W.-S. 1; Maltz, J. S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p775; Subject Term: Emission tomography; Subject Term: Imaging systems in medicine; Subject Term: Diagnostic imaging; Subject Term: Tomography; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Positrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomedical imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: depth of interaction (DOI); Author-Supplied Keyword: detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: positron emission tomography (PET); NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829785
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Jinsong
AU  - Tanaka, Toru
AU  - Sivula, Kevin
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
AU  - Frechet, Jean M. J.
T1  - Employing End-Functional Polythiophene To Control the Morphology of Nanocrystal -- Polymer Composites in Hybrid Solar Cells.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/02/
VL  - 126
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6550
EP  - 6551
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Conjugated polymers are being developed as alternatives to traditional inorganic semiconductors for low-cost electronic or optical devices because of the ease of their solution processing and their mechanical flexibility. Such efforts are well exemplified by the intense research and development work in organic and organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells. In these types of devices, the active layer is a solution-processed mixture of an electron donor phase and an electron acceptor phase. Since the blending morphology of the mixture can dramatically affect device performance, a number of methods have been pursued to obtain a favorable three-dimensional interpenetrating network in organic photocells, using for example soluble "double cable" materials or covalent or hydrogen-bonded molecular dyads or tryads.
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - POLYTHIOPHENES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
N1  - Accession Number: 13426504; Liu, Jinsong 1 Tanaka, Toru 1 Sivula, Kevin 1 Alivisatos, A. Paul 1 Frechet, Jean M. J. 1; Email Address: Frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720-1460, and Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 6/2/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 21, p6550; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: POLYTHIOPHENES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozarowski, Andrew
AU  - Zvyagin, S. A.
AU  - Reiff, William M.
AU  - Telser, Joshua
AU  - Brunel, Louis-Claude
AU  - Krzystek, J.
T1  - High-Frequency and -Field EPR of a Pseudo-octahedral Complex of High-Spin Fe(Il): Bis(2,2′-bi-2-thiazoline)bis(isothicyanato)iron(Il).
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/02/
VL  - 126
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6574
EP  - 6575
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Iron is ubiquitous in metalloproteins, in a wide range of coordination environments. A large and important class of Fe proteins consists of the non-heme Fe proteins, in which Fe is often six-coordinate and generally has two or more endogenous histidine ligands which is an important state in non-heme Fe proteins. However, this state is relatively difficult to investigate by EPR, normally a technique of choice for paramagnetic transition metal systems. Iron proteins is a non-Kramers ion of typically large zfs, on the order of 5-20 cm. The allowed EPR transitions thus generally appear at high frequencies, and/or at high magnetic fields.
KW  - METALLOPROTEINS
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - IRON
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 13426516; Ozarowski, Andrew 1 Zvyagin, S. A. 1 Reiff, William M. 1 Telser, Joshua 2 Brunel, Louis-Claude 3 Krzystek, J. 3; Email Address: krzystek@ magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310.  2: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.  3: Chemistry Program, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605; Source Info: 6/2/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 21, p6574; Subject Term: METALLOPROTEINS; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Subject Term: PROTEINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Franz, James A.
AU  - Birnbaum, Jerome C.
AU  - Koiwaite, Douglas S.
AU  - Linehan, John C.
AU  - Camaloni, Donald M.
AU  - Dupuis, Michel
T1  - Activation of the Sulfhydryl Group by Mo Centers: Kinetics of Reaction of Benzyl Radical with a Binuclear Mo(μ-SH)Mo Complex and with Arene and Alkane Thiols.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/02/
VL  - 126
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6680
EP  - 6691
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This paper provides evidence from kinetic experiments and electronic structure calculations of a significantly reduced S-H bond strength in the Mo(μ-SH)Mo function in the homogeneous catalyst model, CpMo(μ-S)2(μ-SH)2MoCP (1, Cp = n5-cyclopentadienyl). The reactivity of 1 was explored by determination of a rate expression for hydrogen atom abstraction by benzyl radical from 1 (log(kabs/M-1 s-1) = (9.07 ± 0.38) - (3.62 ± 0.58)/θ) for comparison with expressions for CH3(CH2)7SH, log(kabs/M-1 s-1) = (7.88 ± 0.35) - (4.64 ± 0.54)/θ, and for 2-mercaptonaphthalene, log(kabs/M-1 s-1) = (8.21 ± 0.17) - (4.24 ± 0.26)/θ (θ = 2.303RT kcal/mol, 2σ error). The rate constant for hydrogen atom abstraction at 298 K by benzyl radical from I is 2 orders of magnitude greater than that from 1-octanethiol, resulting from the predicted (DFT) S-H bond strength of 1 of 73 kcal/mol. The radical CpMo(μ-S)3(μ-SH)MOCP, 2, is revealed, from the properties of slow self-reaction, and exclusive cross-combination with reactive benzyl radical, to be a persistent free radical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUNCTIONAL groups
KW  - THIOLS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ORGANOSULFUR compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 13426528; Franz, James A. 1; Email Address: jamesfraiiz@pnl.gov Birnbaum, Jerome C. 1; Email Address: jerome.birnbaum@pnl.gov Koiwaite, Douglas S. 1 Linehan, John C. 1 Camaloni, Donald M. 1 Dupuis, Michel 1; Affiliation:  1: The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Rich/and, Washington 99352; Source Info: 6/2/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 21, p6680; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL groups; Subject Term: THIOLS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ORGANOSULFUR compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valentine, J. D.
T1  - A Report From the Editor for Nuclear Science Symposium, Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor...
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 818
EP  - 818
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This issue of the journal "IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science" (TNS) is devoted to contributions from the 2003 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors (RTSD), and Symoposium on Nuclear Power Systems (SNPS) held in conjunction in Portland, Oregon, during October 19-25, 2003. Of the approximately 700 articles presented at the 2003 NSS, RTSD, and SNPS, 333 were submitted for possible publication in TNS. These manuscripts were subsequently scrutinized by three reviewers to ensure that all manuscripts published in the TNS were original.
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Semiconductor industry
KW  - Manuscripts
KW  - Nuclear physics
KW  - Periodicals
KW  - Ieee Transactions on Nuclear Science (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 14024598; Valentine, J. D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Defense Sciences Engineering Division, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p818; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Semiconductor industry; Subject Term: Manuscripts; Subject Term: Nuclear physics; Subject Term: Periodicals; Reviews & Products: Ieee Transactions on Nuclear Science (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829973
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - James, Ralph B.
T1  - A Report From the General Chairman 2003 IEEE NSS/MIC/RTSD/SNPS.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 819
EP  - 819
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The 2003 Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Medical Imaging Conference (MIC), 13th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma Ray Detectors (RTSD), and Symposium on Nuclear Power Systems was held during October 19-25, 2003 in Portland, Oregon. The NSS and MIC Programs provided new and innovative opportunities for growth in nuclear science and medical imaging technologies. The 13th RTSD Workshop represented the largest forum of scientists and engineers working to develop new solid-state radiation detectors and imaging arrays.
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Semiconductor industry
KW  - Nuclear physics
KW  - Portland (Or.)
KW  - Oregon
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14024599; James, Ralph B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p819; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Semiconductor industry; Subject Term: Nuclear physics; Subject: Portland (Or.); Subject: Oregon; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Proceeding
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829974
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14024599&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AU  - James, Ralph B.
AU  - Soffert, Paul
T1  - A Report From the Co-Chairs of the 13th RTSD (Held in Conjunction With the 2003 NSS/MIC).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Proceeding
SP  - 820
EP  - 820
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The 13th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors marked the second time it was held in conjunction with the Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference. The workshop was organized into technical sessions on cadmium zinc telluride, cadmium telluride, silicon, mercuric iodide, lead iodide, gallium arsenide, thallium bromide, imaging applications, simulations and electronics. The primary theme of the workshop was development of improved semiconductor detectors and imaging arrays.
KW  - Cadmium compounds
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Seminars
KW  - Semiconductor industry
KW  - Thallium compounds
KW  - Electronic industries
N1  - Accession Number: 14024600; James, Ralph B. 1; Soffert, Paul 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p820; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium compounds; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Seminars; Subject Term: Semiconductor industry; Subject Term: Thallium compounds; Subject Term: Electronic industries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Proceeding
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829975
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14024600&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schulte, Reinhard
AU  - Bashkirov, Vladimir
AU  - Tianfang Li
AU  - Zhengrong Liang
AU  - Mueller, Klaus
AU  - Heimann, Jason
AU  - Johnson, Leah R.
AU  - Keeney, Brian
AU  - Sadrozinski, Hartmut F.-W.
AU  - Seiden, Abraham
AU  - Williams, David C.
AU  - Lan Zhang
AU  - Zhang Li
AU  - Peggs, Steven
AU  - Satogata, Todd
AU  - Woody, Craig
T1  - Conceptual Design of a Proton Computed Tomography System for Applications in Proton Radiation Therapy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 866
EP  - 872
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Proton computed tomography (pCT) has the potential to improve the accuracy of dose calculations for proton treatment planning, and will also be useful for pretreatment verification of patient positioning relative to the proton beam. A design study was performed to define the optimal approach to a pCT system based on specifications for applications in proton therapy. Conceptual and detailed design of a pCT system is presented; the system consists of a silicon-based particle tracking system and a crystal calorimeter to measure energy loss of individual protons. We discuss the formation of pCT images based on the reconstruction of volume electron density maps and the suitability of analytic and statistical algorithms for image reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Proton therapy
KW  - Tomography
KW  - Proton beams
KW  - Image reconstruction
KW  - Protons
KW  - Image processing
N1  - Accession Number: 14024609; Schulte, Reinhard 1; Email Address: rschuIte@dominion.Ilumc.edu; Bashkirov, Vladimir 1; Tianfang Li 2; Zhengrong Liang 2; Mueller, Klaus 2; Heimann, Jason 3; Johnson, Leah R. 3; Keeney, Brian; Sadrozinski, Hartmut F.-W. 3; Seiden, Abraham 3; Williams, David C. 3; Lan Zhang 3; Zhang Li 4; Peggs, Steven 4; Satogata, Todd 4; Woody, Craig 4; Affiliations: 1: Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA.; 2: State University of New York Stony Brook. Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.; 3: Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics. University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; 4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p866; Subject Term: Proton therapy; Subject Term: Tomography; Subject Term: Proton beams; Subject Term: Image reconstruction; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Image processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829392
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14024609&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howe, Mark A.
AU  - Cox, G. Adam
AU  - Harvey, Phil J.
AU  - McGirt, Frank
AU  - Rielage, Keith
AU  - Wilkerson, John F.
AU  - Wouters, Jan M.
T1  - Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Neutral Current Detector Acquisition Software Overview.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 878
EP  - 883
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory begins a new phase of operation in the autumn of 2003 with the installation of the neutral current detectors (NC Us). This paper focuses mainly on the object-oriented real-time control and acquisition (ORCA) software that is the framework for the data acquisition system of the NCD array. Particular emphasis is given to the general purpose nature of ORCA and the manner in which it provides generic object-oriented software modules that can be configured and connected together at run-time to build general-purpose data acquisition applications. ORCA is the main graphical user interface for the NCD experiment and is used for hardware initialization, run control, data readout, and data shipping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Neutrinos
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Object-oriented programming (Computer science)
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Engineering instruments
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - detectors
KW  - neutrinos
KW  - software
N1  - Accession Number: 14024611; Howe, Mark A. 1; Email Address: howe@npl.washington.edu; Cox, G. Adam 1; Email Address: ac00@washington.edu; Harvey, Phil J. 2; Email Address: phil@sno.phy.queensu.ca; McGirt, Frank; Email Address: fmcgirt@swcp.com; Rielage, Keith 1; Email Address: rielagek@u.washington.edu; Wilkerson, John F. 1; Email Address: jfw@u.washington.edu; Wouters, Jan M. 3; Email Address: jwouters@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 9S195 USA.; 2: Queens University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los AIamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p878; Subject Term: Neutrinos; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Object-oriented programming (Computer science); Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Computer software; Subject Term: Engineering instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrinos; Author-Supplied Keyword: software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829527
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14024611&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akimoto, T.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Azzi, P.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Bortoletto, D.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Canepa, A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Chertok, M.
AU  - Ciobanu, C. I.
AU  - Derylo, G.
AU  - Fang, I.
AU  - Feng, E. J.
AU  - Fernandez, J. P.
AU  - Flaugher, B.
T1  - CDF Run IIB Silicon Detector: Electrical Performance and Deadtime-Less Operation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 987
EP  - 993
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The main building block and readout unit of the planned CDF Run IIb silicon detector is a "stave," a highly integrated mechanical, thermal, and electrical structure. One of its characteristic features is a copper-on-Kapton flexible cable for power, high voltage, data transmission, and control signals that is placed directly below the silicon microstrip sensors. The dense packaging makes deadtime-less operation of the stave a challenge since coupling of bus cable activity into the silicon sensors must be suppressed efficiently. The stave design features relevant for deadtime-less operation are discussed. The electrical performance achieved with stave prototypes is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Silicon diodes
KW  - Data transmission systems
KW  - Bus conductors (Electricity)
KW  - Diodes
KW  - Telecommunication systems
KW  - Electronics
KW  - CDF
KW  - deadtime-less
KW  - Run IIb
KW  - silicon tracker
KW  - SVX4
N1  - Accession Number: 14024630; Akimoto, T. 1; Aoki, M. 1; Azzi, P. 2,3; Bacchetta, N. 2,3; Behari, S. 4; Benjamin, D. 5; Bisello, D. 2,3; Bolla, G. 6; Bortoletto, D. 6; Busetto, G. 2,3; Cabrera, S. 5; Canepa, A. 6; Cardoso, G. 7; Chertok, M. 8; Ciobanu, C. I. 9; Derylo, G. 7; Fang, I. 7; Feng, E. J. 10; Fernandez, J. P. 6; Flaugher, B. 7; Affiliations: 1: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuha, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.; 2: Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.; 3: INFN-Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.; 4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 5: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; 6: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; 7: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 8: University of California. Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; 9: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; 10: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p987; Subject Term: Silicon diodes; Subject Term: Data transmission systems; Subject Term: Bus conductors (Electricity); Subject Term: Diodes; Subject Term: Telecommunication systems; Subject Term: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: deadtime-less; Author-Supplied Keyword: Run IIb; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon tracker; Author-Supplied Keyword: SVX4; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517410 Satellite Telecommunications; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829508
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14024630&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Britton, Charles L.
AU  - Jr.
AU  - Bryan, William L.
AU  - Wintenberg, Alan L.
AU  - Warmack, Robert J.
AU  - Mcknight, Timothy E.
AU  - Frank, Shane S.
AU  - Cooper, Ronald C.
AU  - Dudney, Nancy J.
AU  - Veith, Gabriel M.
AU  - Stephan, Andrew C.
T1  - A Detector for Neutron Imaging.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1016
EP  - 1019
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A bright neutron source such as the spallation neutron source (SNS) places extreme requirements on detectors including excellent 2-fl spatial imaging and high dynamic range. Present imaging detectors have either shown position resolutions that are less than acceptable or they exhibit excessive paralyzing dead times due to the brightness of the source. A detector concept known as MicroMegas (MicroMEsh GAseous Structure) has been developed at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, for high-energy physics charged-particle tracking applications and has shown great promise for handling high data rates with a rather low-cost structure. We are attempting to optimize the MicroMegas detector concept for thermal neutrons and have designed a 1-D neutron strip detector utilizing solid converters which we have tested. In addition, we are performing research into the compatibility of various converter coatings. Our goal is to develop a manufacturable detector that could be scaled to a 1 m², 2-D array for use at the SNS and other facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation sources
KW  - Neutron sources
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Baryons
KW  - Geneva (Switzerland)
KW  - Switzerland
KW  - radiation detector
N1  - Accession Number: 14024634; Britton, Charles L.; Jr. 1; Email Address: BRITTONCL@ornl.gov; Bryan, William L. 1; Wintenberg, Alan L. 1; Warmack, Robert J. 1; Mcknight, Timothy E. 1; Frank, Shane S. 1; Cooper, Ronald C. 2; Email Address: cooperrg@ornl.gov; Dudney, Nancy J. 1; Veith, Gabriel M. 1; Stephan, Andrew C. 3; Email Address: astephan@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6006 USA.; 2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.; 3: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1016; Thesaurus Term: Radiation sources; Subject Term: Neutron sources; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Baryons; Subject: Geneva (Switzerland); Subject: Switzerland; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation detector; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829660
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14024634&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kazkaz, Kareem
AU  - Aalseth, Craig E.
AU  - Hossbach, Todd W.
AU  - Gehman, Victor M.
AU  - Kephart, Jeremy D.
AU  - Miley, Harry S.
T1  - MEGA: A Low-Background Radiation Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1029
EP  - 1033
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The multiple-element gamma assay (MEGA) is a low-background detector designed to support environmental monitoring and national security applications. MEGA also demonstrates technology needed for Majorana, a next generation neutrino mass experiment. It will employ active and passive shielding to reduce backgrounds. It will also exploit multicoincidence signatures to identify specific radioactive isotopes. MEGA is expected to begin testing in late 2003 for eventual installation at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, Carlsbad, NM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Neutrino mass
KW  - National security
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Carlsbad (N.M.)
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14024637; Kazkaz, Kareem 1; Email Address: kareem@washington.edu; Aalseth, Craig E. 2; Email Address: craig.aalseth@pnl.gov; Hossbach, Todd W. 2; Email Address: todd.hossbach@pnl.gov; Gehman, Victor M. 3; Email Address: vmg@lanl.gov; Kephart, Jeremy D. 4; Email Address: jdkephar@unity.ncsu.edu; Miley, Harry S. 2; Email Address: harry.miley@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: CENPA, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-4290 USA.; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 4: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1029; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Subject Term: Neutrino mass; Subject Term: National security; Subject Term: Federal government; Subject: Carlsbad (N.M.); Subject: New Mexico; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veith, Gabriel M.
AU  - Dudney, Nancy J.
T1  - Preparation of Thin-Film Neutron Converter Foils for Imaging Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1034
EP  - 1038
SN  - 00189499
AB  - With the pending delivery of the new Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, a new generation of highly efficient, position sensitive neutron detectors needs to be developed. One promising prospect for detector development has been the neutron imaging detector consisting of a conversion foil, which produce amongst other things α and -γ particles from incident neutrons, and a position sensitive charge particle detector. In order to understand the materials chemistry between layered converters as well as to maximize the production and transmission of the daughter products, we have prepared and characterized a series of thin-films from naturally occurring isotopes of the strong neutron absorbers lithium (Li), boron (B), and gadolinium (Gd). The films have been created using a combination of sputtering and evaporation techniques. The composition of the resulting films have been investigated using EDS and RBS, while the interfacial mixing between the layers has been studied using a combination of RBS and SEM experiments. Experiments studying the aging of the detector films in the detector gas as well as alloying of Li and the film substrate, have also been undertaken and the results are reported here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Neutron counters
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Nuclear counters
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Boron films
KW  - gadolinium films
KW  - lithium films
KW  - neutron converter
KW  - neutron detectors
KW  - thin-film devices.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024638; Veith, Gabriel M. 1; Email Address: veithgm@oml.gov; Dudney, Nancy J. 1; Email Address: dudneynj@oml.gov; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6030 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1034; Thesaurus Term: Lithium; Subject Term: Neutron counters; Subject Term: Thin films; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Nuclear counters; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron films; Author-Supplied Keyword: gadolinium films; Author-Supplied Keyword: lithium films; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron converter; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin-film devices.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829366
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kappler, Steffen
AU  - Bieser, Fred
AU  - Kaminski, Jochen
AU  - Ledermann, Bernhard
AU  - Müller, Thomas
AU  - Ronan, Michael
AU  - Ropelewski, Leszek
AU  - Sauli, Fabio
AU  - Settles, Ron
T1  - A GEM-TPC Prototype With Low-Noise Highly Integrated Front-End Electronics for Linear Collider Studies.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1039
EP  - 1043
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Connected to the linear collider project, studies on the readout of time projection chambers (TPCs) based on the gas electron multiplier (GEM) are ongoing. Higher granularity and intrinsically suppressed ion feedback are the major advantages of this technology. After a short discussion of these tissues, we present the design of a small and very flexible TPC prototype, whose cylindrical drift volume can be equipped with endcaps of different gas detector types. An endcap with multi-GEM readout is currently set up and successfully operated with a low-noise highly integrated front-end electronics. We discuss results of measurements with this system in high intensity particle beams at CERN, where 99.3 ± 0.2 % single-pad-row efficiency could be achieved at an effective gain of 2.5 &times 10³ only, and spatial resolutions down to 63 ±3 μm could be demonstrated. Finally, these results are extrapolated to the high magnetic field in a linear collider TPC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Time projection chambers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Gas detectors
KW  - Electronic noise
KW  - Nuclear track detectors
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Gas electron multiplier (GEM)
KW  - Time projection chambers (TPC).
N1  - Accession Number: 14024639; Kappler, Steffen 1; Email Address: steffen.kappler@cern.ch; Bieser, Fred 2; Kaminski, Jochen 3; Ledermann, Bernhard 3; Müller, Thomas 3; Ronan, Michael 2; Ropelewski, Leszek 4; Sauli, Fabio 4; Settles, Ron 5; Affiliations: 1: Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe University, Karlsruhe D-76128, Germany.; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA.; 3: Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik Karlsruhe University, Karlsruhe D-76128 Germany.; 4: CERN, EP Division, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.; 5: Max-Planck Institut, D-80805 Munich, Germany.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1039; Subject Term: Time projection chambers (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Electrons; Subject Term: Gas detectors; Subject Term: Electronic noise; Subject Term: Nuclear track detectors; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas electron multiplier (GEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Time projection chambers (TPC).; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829390
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, L. Eric
AU  - Ellis, J. Edward
AU  - Valsan, Andrei E.
AU  - Aalseth, Craig E.
AU  - Miley, Harry S.
T1  - A Coincidence Signature Library for Multicoincidence Radionuclide Analysis Systems.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1044
EP  - 1048
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, is currently developing multicoincidence systems to perform trace radionuclide analysis at or near the sample collection point for applications that include emergency response, nuclear forensics, and environmental monitoring. Quantifying radionuclide concentrations with these systems requires a library of accurate emission intensities for each detected signature, for all candidate radionuclides. While such data are readily available for single gamma-ray emissions, no signature library has been found for coincident emissions such as β - γ, γ - γ, or β - γ - γ. To meet this need, a Coincidence Lookup Library (CLL) is being developed to calculate the emission intensities of coincident signatures from a user-specified radionuclide, or conversely, to determine the radionuclides that may be responsible for a specific detected coincident signature. The algorithms used to generate absolute emission intensities and various user interfaces for the developmental CLL are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Gamma rays
KW  - Richland (Wash.)
KW  - Washington (State)
KW  - United States
KW  - Gamma-ray spectroscopy
KW  - nuclear measurements
KW  - radiation signature libraries.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024640; Smith, L. Eric 1; Email Address: eric.smith@pnl.gov; Ellis, J. Edward 2; Email Address: edward.ellis@pnl.gov; Valsan, Andrei E. 2; Email Address: andrei.vaslan@pnl.gov; Aalseth, Craig E. 1; Email Address: craig.aalseth@pnl.gov; Miley, Harry S. 1; Email Address: harry.miley@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Radiation and Nuclear Physics Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; 2: Electronic Systems Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1044; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Gamma rays; Subject: Richland (Wash.); Subject: Washington (State); Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation signature libraries.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829435
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hollerman, William A.
AU  - Bergeron, Noah P.
AU  - Womack, Frank N.
AU  - Goedeke, Shawn M.
AU  - Allison, Stephen W.
T1  - Change in Half Brightness Does Due to Preparation Pressure for YAG: Ce.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1080
EP  - 1083
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Previous research shows that certain properties, such as half brightness dose (N½) and fluorescence intensity, depend on preparation pressure. Phosphor tablets composed of 50% cellulose and 50% yttrium aluminum garnet doped with cerium (YAG:Ce) powders, were created using a Carver press with an applied force of 78 kN. The average 3-MeV proton N½ for the tablet samples was 11.6 and 36.6 times smaller than equivalent values for the paint and crystal forms of YAG:Ce, respectively. It is quite apparent that the application of a large preparation force damages some of the YAG:Ce grains which reduces the N½. The fluorescence efficiency of the tablets was also less than that measured for the other forms of YAG:Ce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Garnet
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Luminescence
KW  - fluorescence
KW  - Half brightness dose
KW  - phosphor
KW  - pressure
KW  - YAG:Ce.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024646; Hollerman, William A. 1; Email Address: hollerman@louisiana.edu; Bergeron, Noah P. 1; Womack, Frank N. 1; Goedeke, Shawn M. 2; Email Address: goedekesm@ornl.gov; Allison, Stephen W. 2; Email Address: allisonsm@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics. University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.; 2: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Oak Ridge. TN 37831 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1080; Thesaurus Term: Cellulose; Subject Term: Fluorescence; Subject Term: Garnet; Subject Term: Crystals; Subject Term: Luminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Half brightness dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: phosphor; Author-Supplied Keyword: pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: YAG:Ce.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829661
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pozzi, Sara A.
AU  - Neal, John S.
AU  - Oberer, Richard B.
AU  - Mihalezo, John T.
T1  - Monte Carlo Analysis of Neutron Detection With a BaF2 Scintillation Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1088
EP  - 1090
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This work presents the results of investigations aimed at simulating the response of a barium fluoride (BaF2) detector to neutrons and photons. The simulations are performed with the MCNP-PoliMi code, a modification of MCNF-4C. The simulation results are compared to time-of-flight measurements performed with the nuclear materials identification system (NMIS). In particular, the neutron detection capabilities of the BaF2 scintillator are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Numerical analysis
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Photons
KW  - Ionization (Atomic physics)
KW  - Barium fluoride
KW  - californium
KW  - neutron detection
KW  - scintillation detector.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024648; Pozzi, Sara A. 1; Email Address: poizisa@ornl.gov; Neal, John S. 1; Email Address: nealjsl@ornl.gov; Oberer, Richard B. 2; Email Address: obererrb@yl2doe.gov; Mihalezo, John T. 1; Email Address: mihalczojt@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge. TN 37831-6010 USA.; 2: Y-12 National Security Complex. BWXT. Oak Ridge. TN 37831-8084 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1088; Thesaurus Term: Numerical analysis; Subject Term: Scintillators; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Photons; Subject Term: Ionization (Atomic physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Barium fluoride; Author-Supplied Keyword: californium; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: scintillation detector.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS2004.129446
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tindall, C. S.
AU  - Amnian, M.
AU  - Luke, P. N.
T1  - Large-Area Si(Li) Orthogonal-Strip Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1140
EP  - 1143
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Segmented lithium drifted silicon detectors are being developed for use in large Compton cameras and for medical imaging. We have successfully fabricated 3.5 mm thick crossed-strip detectors with active areas of 40 × 40 mm² with a 2 mm strip pitch. These detectors utilize new contact technology consisting of a boron implanted p-type contact and an amorphous silicon (α-Si) n-type contact. Good energy resolution and excellent strip separation was obtained from both contacts at relatively high operating temperatures. An energy resolution of 2.1 keV FWHM at 122 keV was obtained for the α-Sistrip at temperatures up to 200 K and for the boron strip at temperatures up to 240 K. Measurements of the charge sharing between the strips were also performed. When the detector was flood illuminated with 60 keV gamma-rays, a small signal deficit was observed for events in which the signal was shared between two adjacent strips. The amount of deficit depended on the contact type, strip geometry and the operating temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Boron
KW  - Silicon diodes
KW  - Diagnostic imaging
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Diodes
KW  - Imaging systems in medicine
N1  - Accession Number: 14024657; Tindall, C. S. 1; Email Address: CSTindall@lbl.gov; Amnian, M. 1; Luke, P. N. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley. CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1140; Thesaurus Term: Boron; Subject Term: Silicon diodes; Subject Term: Diagnostic imaging; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Diodes; Subject Term: Imaging systems in medicine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cancelo, G.
AU  - Gottschalk, E.
AU  - Pavlicek, V.
AU  - Wang, M.
AU  - Wu, J.
T1  - Failure Related Dataflow Dynamics in a Highly Parallel Processor for L1 Triggering.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1158
EP  - 1162
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper studies how processor failures affect the data flow of the Level 1 Trigger in the BTeV experiment proposed to run at Fermilab's Tevatron. The failure analysis is crucial for a system with over 2500 processing nodes and a number of storage units and communication links of the same order of magnitude. This paper is based on models of the L1 Trigger architecture and shows the dynamics of the architecture's dataflow. The dataflow analysis provides insight into how system variables are affected by single component failures and provides key information to the implementation of error recovery strategies. The analysis includes both short-term failures from which the system can recover quickly and long-term failures which imply a more drastic error-recovery strategy. The modeling results are supported by behavioral simulations of the Li Trigger processing BTeV's (WANT Monte Carlo data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Data flow computing
KW  - Database management
KW  - Electronic data processing
KW  - Databases
KW  - Errors
KW  - Information storage & retrieval systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14024660; Cancelo, G. 1; Email Address: Cancelo@fnal.gov; Gottschalk, E. 1; Pavlicek, V. 1; Wang, M. 1; Wu, J. 1; Affiliations: 1: fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory, batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1158; Subject Term: Data flow computing; Subject Term: Database management; Subject Term: Electronic data processing; Subject Term: Databases; Subject Term: Errors; Subject Term: Information storage & retrieval systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Zane W.
AU  - Pohl, Ken R.
AU  - Berg, Lodewijk van den
T1  - Neutron Detection With Mercuric Iodide.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1163
EP  - 1165
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Mercuric iodide is a high-density high-Z semiconducting material useful for gamma ray detection. This makes it convertible to a thermal neutron detector by covering it with a boron-rich material and detecting the 478-keV gamma rays resulting from the 10B(n, α)7Li* reaction. However, the 374 barn thermal capture cross section ofnat Hg, makes the detector itself an attractive absorber, and this has been exploited previously. Since previous work indicates that there are no low-energy gamma rays emitted in coincidence with the 368-keV capture gamma from the dominant 199Hg(n, γ)200Hg reaction, only the 368-keV capture gamma is seen with any efficiency with a relatively thin (few millimeter) detector. En this paper, we report measurements of neutrons via capture reactions in a bare mercuric iodide crystal and a crystal covered in 10B-loaded epoxy. The covered detector is an improvement over the bare detector because the presence of both the 478- and 368-keY gamma rays removes the ambiguity associated with the observation of only one of them. Pulse height spectra, obtained with and without lead and cadmium absorbers, showed the expected gamma rays and demonstrated that they were caused by neutrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury compounds
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Iodides
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Halides
N1  - Accession Number: 14024661; Bell, Zane W. 1; Email Address: bellzq@y12.doe.gov; Pohl, Ken R. 2; Email Address: pohl@contech.com; Berg, Lodewijk van den 2; Email Address: lvdberg@contech.com; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge. TN 37831 USA.; 2: Constellation Technology Corporation, largo, FL 33773 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1163; Thesaurus Term: Mercury compounds; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Iodides; Subject Term: Semiconductors; Subject Term: Crystals; Subject Term: Halides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mengesha, W.
AU  - Aalseth, C. E.
AU  - Barnett, D. S.
AU  - Bliss, M.
AU  - Schaefer, C.
T1  - Pulse Shape Analysis for Electron Mobility Study in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Gamma-Ray Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1166
EP  - 1171
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A pulse shape analysis technique was implemented to determine the electron mobility μe and the electron mobility lifetime product μeTe in cadmium zinc telluride detectors (CZT). The digital gamma finder (DGF-4C) a single-width CAMAC module produced by X-Ray Instrumentation Associates (XIA), was used to extract pulse height, pulse shape, and signal rise time information. Data analyses using the extracted information allowed measuring the μe and μeTe in selected CZT samples. An almost linear relationship was observed for the signal rise time as a function of the inverse bias. This observed linear relationship was the basis for determination of μe using a simple linear fit. The measured signal amplitude was also used to determine μeTe using the Hecht formulation. Repeated measurements confirmed the consistency of the method in determining μe and μeTe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Electron mobility
KW  - Zinc telluride
KW  - Energy-band theory of solids
KW  - Tellurides
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Cadmium zinc telluride detectors (CZT)
KW  - digital gamma finder (DGF-4C)
KW  - electron mobility
KW  - pulse shape processing.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024662; Mengesha, W. 1; Email Address: Wond-wosen.Mengesha@pnl.gov; Aalseth, C. E. 1; Email Address: Craig.Aalseth@pnl.gov; Barnett, D. S. 1; Email Address: dehra.barnett@pnl.gov; Bliss, M. 1; Email Address: mary.bliss@pnl.gov; Schaefer, C. 1; Email Address: CJSchaefer@ou.edu; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1166; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium; Subject Term: Electron mobility; Subject Term: Zinc telluride; Subject Term: Energy-band theory of solids; Subject Term: Tellurides; Subject Term: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium zinc telluride detectors (CZT); Author-Supplied Keyword: digital gamma finder (DGF-4C); Author-Supplied Keyword: electron mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse shape processing.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manfredi, Pier Francesco
AU  - Re, Valerio
T1  - Trends in the Design of Spectroscopy Amplifiers for Room Temperature Solid State Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1182
EP  - 1190
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper discusses the present trends in the design of low-noise front-end systems for room temperature semiconductor detectors. The technological advancement provided by submicron CMOS and BiCMOS processes is examined from several points of view. The noise performances are a fundamental issue in most detector applications and suitable attention is devoted to them for the purpose of judging whether or not the present processes supersede the solutions featuring a field-effect transistor as a front-end element. However, other considerations are also important in judging how well a monolithic technology suits the front-end design. Among them, the way a technology lends itself to the realization of additional functions, for instance, the charge reset in a charge-sensitive loop or the time-variant filters featuring the special weighting functions that may be requested in some applications of CdTe or CZT detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Semiconductor industry
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Electronic noise
KW  - Field-effect transistors
KW  - Digital electronics
KW  - Signal theory (Telecommunication)
KW  - Front-end electronics
KW  - JFET
KW  - MOSFET
KW  - noise.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024665; Manfredi, Pier Francesco 1; Email Address: pfmanfredi@)Ibl.gov; Re, Valerio 2; Email Address: valerio.re@unibg.it; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Bergamo.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1182; Subject Term: Semiconductor industry; Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Electronic noise; Subject Term: Field-effect transistors; Subject Term: Digital electronics; Subject Term: Signal theory (Telecommunication); Author-Supplied Keyword: Front-end electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: JFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOSFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: noise.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manfredi, Pier Francesco
AU  - Re, Valerio
T1  - Trends in the Design of Spectroscopy Amplifiers for Room Temperature Solid State Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1182
EP  - 1190
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper discusses the present trends in the design of low-noise front-end systems for room temperature semiconductor detectors. The technological advancement provided by submicron CMOS and BiCMOS processes is examined from several points of view. The noise performances are a fundamental issue in most detector applications and suitable attention is devoted to them for the purpose of judging whether or not the present processes supersede the solutions featuring a field-effect transistor as a front-end element. However, other considerations are also important in judging how well a monolithic technology suits the front-end design. Among them, the way a technology lends itself to the realization of additional functions, for instance, the charge reset in a charge-sensitive loop or the time-variant filters featuring the special weighting functions that may be requested in some applications of CdTe or CZT detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ELECTRONIC noise
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
KW  - SIGNAL theory (Telecommunication)
KW  - Front-end electronics
KW  - JFET
KW  - MOSFET
KW  - noise.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024665; Manfredi, Pier Francesco 1; Email Address: pfmanfredi@)Ibl.gov Re, Valerio 2; Email Address: valerio.re@unibg.it; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.  2: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Bergamo.; Source Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1182; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC noise; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; Subject Term: SIGNAL theory (Telecommunication); Author-Supplied Keyword: Front-end electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: JFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOSFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: noise.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luke, Paul N.
AU  - Amman, Mark
AU  - Lee, Julie S.
T1  - Factors Affecting Energy Resolution of Coplanar-Grid CdZnTe Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/03/Jun2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1199
EP  - 1203
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Coplanar-grid CdZnTe detectors have been under development for the past ten years as room-temperature gamma-ray spectrometers and are being produced for use in a number of applications. Despite the improvements in detector active volume and spectral response that have been achieved with the coplanar-grid technique, the full potential of such detectors is still far from being realized. There exists a number of material, device, and electronics factors that limit detector performance and yield. Some of the major factors are identified and examined in terms of their origins and the magnitude of their effects on energy resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Gamma ray detectors
KW  - Nuclear counters
KW  - Gamma ray spectrometer
KW  - Electronics
KW  - CdZnTe
KW  - coplanar-grid
KW  - gamma-ray detector.
N1  - Accession Number: 14024667; Luke, Paul N. 1; Email Address: pnluke@lbl.gov; Amman, Mark 1; Email Address: Mark_Amman@lbl.gov; Lee, Julie S. 1; Email Address: Julie_Lee@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1199; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium; Thesaurus Term: Zinc; Subject Term: Gamma ray detectors; Subject Term: Nuclear counters; Subject Term: Gamma ray spectrometer; Subject Term: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdZnTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: coplanar-grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-ray detector.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayden, S. M.
AU  - Mook, H. A.
AU  - Dai, Pengcheng
AU  - Perring, T. G.
AU  - Do&gcaron;an, F.
T1  - The structure of the high-energy spin excitations in a high-transition-temperature superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/03/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6991
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 534
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - In conventional superconductors, lattice vibrations (phonons) mediate the attraction between electrons that is responsible for superconductivity. The high transition temperatures (high-Tc) of the copper oxide superconductors has led to collective spin excitations being proposed as the mediating excitations in these materials. The mediating excitations must be strongly coupled to the conduction electrons, have energy greater than the pairing energy, and be present at Tc. The most obvious feature in the magnetic excitations of high-Tc superconductors such as YBa2Cu3O6+x is the so-called ‘resonance’. Although the resonance may be strongly coupled to the superconductivity, it is unlikely to be the main cause, because it has not been found in the La2-x(Ba,Sr)xCuO4 family and is not universally present in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (ref. 9). Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to characterize possible mediating excitations at higher energies in YBa2Cu3O6.6. We observe a square-shaped continuum of excitations peaked at incommensurate positions. These excitations have energies greater than the superconducting pairing energy, are present at Tc, and have spectral weight far exceeding that of the ‘resonance’. The discovery of similar excitations in La2-xBaxCuO4 (ref. 10) suggests that they are a general property of the copper oxides, and a candidate for mediating the electron pairing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 13270415; Hayden, S. M. 1 Mook, H. A. 2 Dai, Pengcheng 2,3 Perring, T. G. 4 Do&gcaron;an, F. 5; Affiliation:  1: H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK.  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6393, USA.  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1204 USA.  4: ISIS Facility Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK.  5: Department of Ceramic Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0330, USA.; Source Info: 6/3/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6991, p531; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02576
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tranquada, J. M.
AU  - Woo, H.
AU  - Perring, T. C.
AU  - Goka, H.
AU  - Gu, G. D.
AU  - Xu, G.
AU  - Fujita, M.
AU  - Yamada, K.
T1  - Quantum magnetic excitations from stripes in copper oxide superconductors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/03/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6991
M3  - Article
SP  - 534
EP  - 538
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - In the copper oxide parent compounds of the high-transition-temperature superconductors the valence electrons are localized-one per copper site-by strong intra-atomic Coulomb repulsion. A symptom of this localization is antiferromagnetism, where the spins of localized electrons alternate between up and down. Superconductivity appears when mobile ‘holes’ are doped into this insulating state, and it coexists with antiferromagnetic fluctuations. In one approach to describing the coexistence, the holes are believed to self-organize into ‘stripes’ that alternate with antiferromagnetic (insulating) regions within copper oxide planes, which would necessitate an unconventional mechanism of superconductivity. There is an apparent problem with this picture, however: measurements of magnetic excitations in superconducting YBa2Cu3O6+x near optimum doping are incompatible with the naive expectations for a material with stripes. Here we report neutron scattering measurements on stripe-ordered La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. We show that the measured excitations are, surprisingly, quite similar to those in YBa2Cu3O6+x (refs 9, 10) (that is, the predicted spectrum of magnetic excitations is wrong). We find instead that the observed spectrum can be understood within a stripe model by taking account of quantum excitations. Our results support the concept that stripe correlations are essential to high-transition-temperature superconductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - DOPED semiconductor superlattices
N1  - Accession Number: 13270417; Tranquada, J. M. 1 Woo, H. 1,2 Perring, T. C. 2 Goka, H. 3 Gu, G. D. 1 Xu, G. 1 Fujita, M. 3 Yamada, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973, USA.  2: ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK.  3: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.; Source Info: 6/3/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6991, p534; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: DOPED semiconductor superlattices; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02574
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G.L.
T1  - Analysis of three-dimensional grids: the eight-point cube
JO  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
JF  - Applied Mathematics & Computation
Y1  - 2004/06/04/
VL  - 153
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 473
SN  - 00963003
AB  - It is widely believed that quadratic coefficients cannot be estimated from eight data in cubical array. This paper illustrates the estimation of those coefficients by means of by operational equations. The coefficients are compared to the quadratic coefficients obtained by Taylor expansion of the functions generating the data. The agreement may be sufficient to interest experimentalists. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Mathematics & Computation is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - QUADRATIC equations
KW  - COMPLEX numbers
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - Cube
KW  - Operational equations
KW  - Quadratic coefficient
KW  - Response surface
KW  - Shifting operator
N1  - Accession Number: 13237146; Silver, G.L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory,<fn id="fn1">Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under contract no. W-7405-ENG-36.</fn> P.O. Box 1663, MS E502, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 153 Issue 2, p467; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: QUADRATIC equations; Subject Term: COMPLEX numbers; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cube; Author-Supplied Keyword: Operational equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadratic coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Response surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shifting operator; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0096-3003(03)00647-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bolotnikov, Aleksey
AU  - Bolozdynya, Alexander
AU  - Devito, Raymond
AU  - Richards, John
T1  - Dual-Anode High-Pressure Xenon Cylindrical Ionization Chamber.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/06/04/Jun2004 Part 4 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1262
EP  - 1269
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new approach to the design of high-pressure xenon cylindrical ionization chambers is investigated. In the new approach, a dual anode is used to replace the single anode surrounded by a shielding grid, which are employed in a conventional design. Two anode wires are stretched near the axis of the 30 cm long cylindrical chamber with a 9 cm diameter cathode. Both the wires are kept at the same (nearly zero) potential and are dc-coupled to the charge-sensitive preamplifiers. For most cases, only one of the wires (it can be either one) collects the electrons produced by an ionizing event. The difference between the signals read out from the wires is proportional to the total produced charge. The experimental results are compared to Monte Carlo simulations. The optimal design of the dual-anode cylindrical ionization chamber is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air analysis
KW  - Anodes
KW  - Electrodes
KW  - Ionization (Atomic physics)
KW  - Xenon
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Frisch-grid
KW  - ganuna rays
KW  - ionization chamber
KW  - spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 13927812; Bolotnikov, Aleksey 1; Email Address: bolotnik@bnl.gov; Bolozdynya, Alexander 2; Devito, Raymond 2; Richards, John 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: Constellation Technology Corporation, Largo, FL 33777-1498 USA.; Issue Info: Jun2004 Part 4 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p1262; Thesaurus Term: Air analysis; Subject Term: Anodes; Subject Term: Electrodes; Subject Term: Ionization (Atomic physics); Subject Term: Xenon; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frisch-grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: ganuna rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: ionization chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectrometer; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.829369
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Natarajan, Pradeep
AU  - Forte, Trudy M.
AU  - Chu, Berbie
AU  - Phillips, Michael C.
AU  - Oram, John F.
AU  - Bielicki, John K.
T1  - Identication of an Apolipoprotein A-I Structural Element That Mediates Cellular Cholesterol Efflux and Stabilizer ATP Binding Cassette Transporter A1.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/04/
VL  - 279
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 24044
EP  - 24052
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Synthetic peptides were used in this study to identify a structural element of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I that stimulates cellular cholesterol efflux and stabilizes the ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). Peptides (22-mers) based on helices 1 (amino acids 44-65) and 10 (amino acids 220–241) of apoA-I had high lipid binding affinity but failed to mediate ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux, and they lacked the ability to stabilize ABCA1. The addition of helix 9 (amino acids 209–219) to either helix 1 (creates a 1⁄9 chimera) or 10 (9⁄10 peptide) endowed cholesterol efflux capability and ABCA1 stabilization activity similar to full-length apoA-I. Adding helix 9 to helix 1 or 10 had only a small effect on lipid binding affinity compared with the 22-mer peptides, indicating that helix length and/or determinants on the polar surface of the amphipathic α-helices is important for cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux was specific for the structure created by the 1⁄9 and 9⁄10 helical combinations, as 33-mers composed of helices 1 and 3 (1⁄3), 2⁄9, and 4⁄9 failed to mediate cholesterol efflux in an ABCA1-dependent manner. Transposing helices 9 and 10 (10⁄9 peptide) did not change the class Y structure, hydrophobicity, or amphiphilicity of the helical combination, but the topography of negatively charged amino acids on the polar surface was altered, and the 10⁄9 peptide neither mediated ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux nor stabilized ABCA1 protein. These results suggest that a specific structural element possessing a linear array of acidic residues spanning two apoA-I amphipathic α-helices is required to mediate cholesterol efflux and stabilize ABCA1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - HIGH density lipoproteins
KW  - CHOLESTEROL
KW  - ATP-binding cassette transporters
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ATHEROSCLEROSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 13884702; Natarajan, Pradeep 1 Forte, Trudy M. 1 Chu, Berbie 1 Phillips, Michael C. 2 Oram, John F. 3 Bielicki, John K. 1; Email Address: Jkbielicki@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Donner Laboratory MS1-224, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Lipid Research Group, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104  3: Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195-6426; Source Info: 6/4/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 23, p24044; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: HIGH density lipoproteins; Subject Term: CHOLESTEROL; Subject Term: ATP-binding cassette transporters; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ATHEROSCLEROSIS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M400561200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Role of the buffer in retention and adsorption mechanism of ionic species in reversed-phase liquid chromatography: I. Analytical and overloaded band profiles on Kromasil-C<F>18</F>
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/06/04/
VL  - 1038
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 66
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The influence of the pH, the concentration, and the nature of the buffer on the retention and overloading behavior of propranolol (<F>pKa=9.25</F>) on Kromasil-C<F>18</F> was studied at <F>2.75<pH<6.75</F>, using four buffers (phosphate, acetate, phthalate, and succinate), at three concentrations, 6, 20, and 60 mM. The propranolol band profiles were recorded for three sample sizes, less than 1 <F>μ</F>g and 375 <F>μ</F>g (sample less concentrated than the buffer), and 7500 <F>μ</F>g (band more concentrated than the buffer). Results showed that the buffer concentration, not its pH, controls the retention time of propranolol, in agreement with the chaotropic model. The retention factor depends also on the nature of the buffer, particularly the valence of the basic anion. At moderate loading, the band profiles are well accounted for by a simple bilangmuir model (no adsorbate–adsorbate interactions) with the monovalent anions <F>H2PO4-</F> (pH 2.75), HOOC&z.sbnd;Ph&z.sbnd;COO<F>-</F> (pH 2.75), HOOC&z.sbnd;CH<F>2</F>&z.sbnd;CH<F>2</F>&z.sbnd;COO<F>-</F> (pH 4.16) and CH<F>3</F>COO<F>-</F> (pH 4.75), and by a bimoreau model (significant adsorbate–adsorbate interactions) with the bivalent anions <F>-</F>OOC&z.sbnd;Ph&z.sbnd;COO<F>-</F> (pH 4.75), <F>-</F>OOC&z.sbnd;CH<F>2</F>&z.sbnd;CH<F>2</F>&z.sbnd;COO<F>-</F> (pH 5.61) and HPO<F>42-</F> (pH 6.75). The isotherm were determined using the inverse method. The results show that both the saturation capacity and the equilibrium constant on the low-energy sites increase with increasing buffer concentration, a result similar to that observed with neutral salts. For bivalent anions, the adsorbate–adsorbate interactions are much stronger on the low than on the high energy sites. The density of high energy sites is lower and the equilibrium constant on the low energy sites are higher with bivalent than with univalent anions. These results are consistent with the formation of a propranolol–buffer (2:1) complex with bivalent anions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Surface chemistry
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Band profiles
KW  - Buffer composition
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Ionic strength
KW  - Kromasil-C<F>18</F> stationary phase
KW  - Propranolol
KW  - Retention mechanism
KW  - Salt effects
N1  - Accession Number: 13101054; Gritti, Fabrice 1; Guiochon, Georges 2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 1038 Issue 1/2, p53; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Surface chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffer composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kromasil-C<F>18</F> stationary phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propranolol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Retention mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salt effects; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.036
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13101054&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samoilenko, A.M.
AU  - Prykarpatsky, Y.A.
AU  - Taneri, Ufuk
AU  - Prykarpatsky, A.K.
AU  - Blackmore, D.L.
T1  - A geometrical approach to quantum holonomic computing algorithms
JO  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
JF  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
Y1  - 2004/06/04/
VL  - 66
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
SN  - 03784754
AB  - The article continues a presentation of modern quantum mathematics backgrounds started in [Quantum Mathematics and its Applications. Part 1. Automatyka, vol. 6, AGH Publisher, Krakow, 2002, No. 1, pp. 234–2412; Quantum Mathematics: Holonomic Computing Algorithms and Their Applications. Part 2. Automatyka, vol. 7, No. 1, 2004]. A general approach to quantum holonomic computing based on geometric Lie-algebraic structures on Grassmann manifolds and related with them Lax type flows is proposed. Making use of the differential geometric techniques like momentum mapping reduction, central extension and connection theory on Stiefel bundles it is shown that the associated holonomy groups properly realizing quantum computations can be effectively found concerning diverse practical problems. Two examples demonstrating two-form curvature calculations important for describing the corresponding holonomy Lie algebra are presented in detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics & Computers in Simulation is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOLONOMY groups
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - QUANTUM computers
KW  - GRASSMANN manifolds
KW  - Connections
KW  - Dynamical systems
KW  - Grassmann manifolds
KW  - Holonomy groups
KW  - Lax type integrable flows
KW  - Quantum algorithms
KW  - Quantum computers
KW  - Symplectic structures
N1  - Accession Number: 13178466; Samoilenko, A.M. 1; Email Address: sam@imath.kiev.ua Prykarpatsky, Y.A. 1,2,3,4; Email Address: yarchyk@bnl.gov Taneri, Ufuk 5,6; Email Address: utaneri@education.wisc.edu Prykarpatsky, A.K. 1,3,4; Email Address: pryk.anat@ua.fm Blackmore, D.L. 7; Email Address: deblac@chaos.njit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Mathematics, National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv 01004, Ukraine  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, SDIC, Bldg. 463, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Department of Applied Mathematics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicz Al. Bl. A4, 30059 Krakow, Poland  4: Department of Nonlinear Mathematical Analysis, Institute of APMM, National Academy of Sciences, Lviv 79601, Poland  5: Department of Educational Administration, University of Wisconsin, 1025 W. Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA  6: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, via Mersin 10, N. Cyprus, Turkey  7: Department of Mathematical Sciences at the NJIT, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 66 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: HOLONOMY groups; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: QUANTUM computers; Subject Term: GRASSMANN manifolds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Connections; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamical systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grassmann manifolds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holonomy groups; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lax type integrable flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Symplectic structures; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matcom.2004.01.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sell, Curtis
AU  - Christensen, Caleb
AU  - Muehlmeier, Jason
AU  - Gary Tuttle
AU  - Zhi-Yuan Li
AU  - Kai-Ming Ho
T1  - Waveguide networks in three-dimensional layer-by-layer photonic crystals.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/07/
VL  - 84
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4605
EP  - 4607
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Different types of waveguides and connections between them were fabricated in a three-dimensional (3D) layer-by-layer photonic crystal. The waveguides were formed by removing either a single rod or a series of rod fragments running in three mutually orthogonal directions. This provides the potential of forming a 3D network of waveguide channels with cross sectional dimensions on the order of one lattice constant. The propagation behavior of guided modes in these waveguide networks was probed using a network analyzer. High transmission efficiency (with loss below 0.5 dB) through various waveguide bends and networks with carefully designed geometries has been achieved. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLINE interfaces
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLINE electric field
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13203751; Sell, Curtis 1 Christensen, Caleb 1 Muehlmeier, Jason 1 Gary Tuttle 1 Zhi-Yuan Li 2 Kai-Ming Ho 2; Affiliation:  1: Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 6/7/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 23, p4605; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE interfaces; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE electric field; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1751212
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203751&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edge, L. F.
AU  - Schlom, D. G.
AU  - Brewer, R. T.
AU  - Chabal, Y. L.
AU  - Williams, J. R.
AU  - Chambers, S. A.
AU  - Hanke, C.
AU  - Lucovsky, G.
AU  - Yang, Y.
AU  - S. Stemmer
AU  - Holländer, B.
AU  - Schubert, J.
AU  - Copel, M.
T1  - Suppression of subcutaneous oxidation during the deposition of amorphous lanthanum aluminate on silicon.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/07/
VL  - 84
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4629
EP  - 4631
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Amorphous LaAlO3 thin films have been deposited by molecular beam deposition directly on silicon without detectable oxidation of the underlying substrate. We have studied these abrupt interfaces by Auger electron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, medium-energy ion scattering, transmission infrared absorption spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Together these techniques indicate that the films are fully oxidized and have less than 0.2 Å of SiO2 at the interface between the amorphous LaAlO3 and silicon. These heterostructures are being investigated for alternative gate dielectric applications and provide an opportunity to control the interface between the silicon and the gate dielectric. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13203743; Edge, L. F. 1; Email Address: schlom@ems.psu.edu Schlom, D. G. 1 Brewer, R. T. 2 Chabal, Y. L. 2 Williams, J. R. 3 Chambers, S. A. 3 Hanke, C. 4 Lucovsky, G. 4 Yang, Y. 5 S. Stemmer 5 Holländer, B. 6 Schubert, J. 6 Copel, M. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania  2: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University Piscataway, New Jersey  3: Fundamentals Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  4: Department of Physics, North Carolina Stae University, North Carolina  5: materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California  6: Institut für Schichten und Grenzflächen ISGI-IT and Center of Nanoelectronic Systems for Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, d-52425 Jülich, Germany  7: IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York; Source Info: 6/7/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 23, p4629; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1759065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203743&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhi-Yuan Li
AU  - Lan-Lan Lin
AU  - Kai-Ming Ho
T1  - Light coupling with multimode photonic crystal waveguides.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/07/
VL  - 84
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4699
EP  - 4701
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We use a transfer-matrix method (TMM) to investigate light coupling into and out of single-end multimode photonic crystal waveguides. Without multiple-reflection complexity, this approach allows for unambiguous quantitative determination of the coupling efficiency of external light into each guided mode and transition among various guided modes. The TMM can provide a powerful analytical tool to understand and design complex multimode photonic crystal waveguides. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13203719; Zhi-Yuan Li 1; Email Address: lizy@aphy.iphy.ac.cn Lan-Lan Lin 2 Kai-Ming Ho 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 6/7/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 23, p4699; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1760596
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203719&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, Arun
AU  - Reddy, Pramod
T1  - Role of electron–phonon coupling in thermal conductance of metal–nonmetal interfaces.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/07/
VL  - 84
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4768
EP  - 4770
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We theoretically show that the thermal conductance associated with electron-phonon coupling in a metal near a metal-nonmetal interface can be estimated as hep = &rad;Gkp, where G is the volumetric electron-phonon coupling constant and kp is the phonon or lattice thermal conductivity of the metal. The expression suggests hep &assymp; 1/&rad;l at temperatures comparable to the Debye temperature of the metal. The predicted values of hep fall within the range of conductance values experimentally observed (0.3–1 GW/m²K), suggesting that it cannot be ignored, and could even play a dominant role at high temperatures. Predictions of the total thermal conductance, that include both electron-phonon and phonon-phonon interfacial conductances, show reasonable agreement in its temperature dependence with experimental data for TiN/MgO interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - METALS
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 13203696; Majumdar, Arun 1; Email Address: majundar@me.berkeley.edu Reddy, Pramod 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Applied Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 6/7/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 23, p4768; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758301
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13203696&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nersessian, Nersesse
AU  - Siu Wing Or
AU  - Carman, Gregory P.
AU  - McCall, Scott K.
AU  - Choe, Wonyoung
AU  - Radousky, Harry B.
AU  - McElfresh, Mike W.
AU  - Pecharsky, Vitalij K.
AU  - Pecharsky, Alexandra O.
T1  - Gd5Si2Ge2 composite for magnetostrictive actuator applications.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/07/
VL  - 84
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4801
EP  - 4803
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A composite system containing particles of Gd5Si2Ge2, which exhibit a colossal magnetic-field-induced strain, has been prepared. The composite is manufactured by embedding ball-milled Gd5Si2Ge2 particles with a size distribution of <600 μm in a resin matrix. The thermally induced volume strain in the composite resulting from phase transformation is found to be 1300 ppm. The magnetically induced linear strain resulting from phase transformation is also measured, from which the volume strain is deduced to be 1650 ppm. The volume strain from the composite is significantly lower than phase transformation strain of the bulk Gd5Si2Ge2 (8000 ppm) and is mainly attributed to nonalignment of the particles in the matrix. An analytical model for a 1–3 composite (particles aligned in a single direction in a polymer matrix) and a 0–3 composite (particles dispersed randomly in a polymer matrix) predicts significantly higher strains in a 1–3 composite. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SYNTHETIC gums & resins
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 13203685; Nersessian, Nersesse 1 Siu Wing Or 1 Carman, Gregory P. 1; Email Address: carman@seas.ucla.edu McCall, Scott K. 2 Choe, Wonyoung 2 Radousky, Harry B. 2 McElfresh, Mike W. 2 Pecharsky, Vitalij K. 3 Pecharsky, Alexandra O. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Engineering IV, Los Angeles, California  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550  3: Ames Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 6/7/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 23, p4801; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC gums & resins; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325991 Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1760891
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Hoyt, J.J.
T1  - KNUCKLEBALL SCIENCE.
JO  - New Yorker
JF  - New Yorker
Y1  - 2004/06/07/
VL  - 80
IS  - 15
M3  - Letter
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
SN  - 0028792X
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor regarding the behavior of knuckleballs in baseball mentioned in the May 17, 2004 issue of the periodical "The New Yorker."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - BASEBALL
N1  - Accession Number: 14105517; Hoyt, J.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Principal Member of the Technical Staff Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, N.M.; Source Info: 6/7/2004, Vol. 80 Issue 15, p6; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: BASEBALL; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 176
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenleaf, William B.
AU  - Perry, J. Jefferson P.
AU  - Hearn, Amy S.
AU  - Cabelli, Diane E.
AU  - Lepock, James R.
AU  - Stroupe, M. Elizabeth
AU  - Tainer, John A.
AU  - Nick, Harry S.
AU  - Silverman, David N.
T1  - Role of Hydrogen Bonding in the Active Site of Human Manganese Superoxide Dismutase.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 43
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 7038
EP  - 7045
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The side chain of Gln143, a conserved residue in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), forms a hydrogen bond with the manganese-bound solvent and is critical in maintaining catalytic activity. The side chains of Tyr34 and Trp123 form hydrogen bonds with the carboxamide of Gln143. We have replaced Tyr34 and Trp 123 with Phe in single and double mutants of human MnSOD and measured their catalytic activity by stopped-flow spectrophotometry and pulse radiolysis. The replacements of these side chains inhibited steps in the catalysis as much as 50-fold; in addition, they altered the gating between catalysis and formation of a peroxide complex to yield a more product-inhibited enzyme. The replacement of both Tyr34 and Trp123 in a double mutant showed that these two residues interact cooperatively in maintaining catalytic activity. The crystal structure of Y34F1W123F human MnSOD at 1.95 Å resolution suggests that this effect is not related to a conformational change in the side chain of Gin 143, which does not change orientation in Y34F/W123F, but rather to more subtle electronic effects due to the loss of hydrogen bonding to the carboxamide side chain of Gln143. Wild-type MnSOD containing Trp123 and Tyr34 has approximately the same thermal stability compared with mutants containing Phe at these positions, suggesting the hydrogen bonds formed by these residues have functional rather than structural roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - SUPEROXIDE dismutase
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - PEROXIDES
KW  - SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
KW  - RADIATION chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13567303; Greenleaf, William B. 1 Perry, J. Jefferson P. 2 Hearn, Amy S. 1 Cabelli, Diane E. 3 Lepock, James R. 4 Stroupe, M. Elizabeth 2 Tainer, John A. 2 Nick, Harry S. 1 Silverman, David N. 1; Email Address: silvermn@college.med.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610.  2: Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Insititute, La Jolla, California 92037.  3: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  4: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9.; Source Info: 6/8/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 22, p7038; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: SUPEROXIDE dismutase; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: PEROXIDES; Subject Term: SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; Subject Term: RADIATION chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knickelbein, Mark B.
T1  - Electric dipole polarizabilities of copper clusters.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 10450
EP  - 10454
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The static electric dipole polarizabilities of Cu9–Cu61 have been measured via a molecular beam deflection method. The clusters display per-atom polarizabilities that decrease monotonically with size, from ∼16 Å3 per atom Cu9­10 to ∼5 Å3 (Cu45­61). Absent are any discernible discontinuities or odd—even alternations due to electronic shell filling or electron pairing effects. For the smallest clusters, the experimental polarizabilities are ∼3 times larger than those predicted classically for conducting ellipsoids, and approach the classical values only for clusters containing more than ∼45 atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - POLARIZABILITY (Electricity)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
N1  - Accession Number: 13154775; Knickelbein, Mark B. 1; Email Address: knickelbein@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 6/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 22, p10450; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: POLARIZABILITY (Electricity); Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1712791
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, Cunyuan
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Spectroscopic properties of novel aromatic metal clusters: NaM4 (M=Al,Ga,In) and their cations and anions.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 10501
EP  - 10512
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The ground- and several excited states of metal aromatic clusters, namely NaM4 and NaM4± (M = Al,Ga,In) clusters have been investigated by employing complete active-space self-consistent-field followed by multireference singles and doubles configuration interaction computations that included up to 10 million configurations and other methods. The ground states NaM4- of aromatic anions are found to be symmetric C4v (1A1) electronic states with ideal square pyramid geometries. While the ground state of NaIn4 is also predicted to be a symmetric C4v (2A1) square pyramid, the ground state of the NaAl4 cluster is found to have a C2v (2A1) pyramid with a rhombus base, and the ground state of NaGa4 possesses a C2v (2A1) pyramid with a rectangle base. In general, these structures exhibit two competing geometries, viz., an ideal C4v structure and a distorted rhomboidal or rectangular pyramid structure (C2v). All of the ground states of the NaM4+ (M = Al,Ga,In) cations are computed to be C2v (3A2) pyramids with rhombus bases. The equilibrium geometries, vibrational frequencies, dissociation energies, adiabatic ionization potentials, adiabatic electron affinities for the electronic states of NaM4 (M = Al,Ga,In), and their ions are computed and compared with experimental results and other theoretical calculations. On the basis of our computed excited states energy separations, we have tentatively suggested assignments to the observed X and A states in the anion photoelectron spectra of Al4Na- reported by Li et al. [X. Li, A. E. Kuznetov, H. F. Zheng, A. I. Boldyrev, and L. S. Wang, Science 291, 859 (2001)]. The X state can be assigned to a C2v (2A1) rhomboidal pyramid. The A state observed in the anion spectrum is assigned to the first excited state (2B1) of the neutral NaAl4 with the C4v symmetry. The assignments of the excited states are consistent with the experimental excitation energies and the previous Green's function-based methods for the vertical transition energy separations between the X and A bands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - METAL clusters
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ANIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13154771; Zhao, Cunyuan 1 Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing, University of California Davis, Livermore, California  2: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, University of California, Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California  3: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkey;, California; Source Info: 6/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 22, p10501; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: METAL clusters; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ANIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1738112
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Draeger, Erik W.
AU  - Grossman, Jeffrey C.
AU  - Williamson, Andrew J.
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - Optical properties of passivated silicon nanoclusters: The role of synthesis.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 120
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 10807
EP  - 10814
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The effect of preparation conditions on the structural and optical properties of silicon nanoparticles is investigated. Nanoscale reconstructions, unique to curved nanosurfaces, are presented for silicon nanocrystals and shown to have lower energy and larger optical gaps than bulk-derived structures. We find that high-temperature synthesis processes can produce metastable noncrystalline nanostructures with different core structures than bulk-derived crystalline clusters. The type of core structure that forms from a given synthesis process may depend on the passivation mechanism and time scale. The effect of oxygen on the optical of different types of silicon structures is calculated. In contrast to the behavior of bulklike nanostructures, for noncrystalline and reconstructed crystalline structures surface oxygen atoms do not decrease the gap. In some cases, the presence of oxygen atoms at the nanocluster surface can significantly increase the optical absorption gap, due to decreased angular distortion of the silicon bonds. The relationship between strain and the optical gap in silicon nanoclusters is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 13154740; Draeger, Erik W. 1 Grossman, Jeffrey C. 1 Williamson, Andrew J. 1 Galli, Giulia 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: 6/8/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 22, p10807; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1738633
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyanov
AU  - M. I.
AU  - Kemner
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Shibata
AU  - T.
AU  - Bunker
AU  - B. A.
T1  - Local Structure around Cr3+ Ions in Dilute Acetate and Perchlorate Aqueous Solutions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 5131
EP  - 5138
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The hydration structure and aqueous acetate complexation of Cr3+ ions were studied by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy as a function of pH, concentration, acetate:Cr ratio, and age of the solution. In the perchlorate solutions, we found an octahedral hydration shell around the Cr3+ ion at 1.96 Å, confirming previous results through an independent analysis. Distinct Cr-Cr correlation was observed in the Cr acetate solutions, indicating that acetate groups bridge between the metal ions in a polymer structure. Modeling of the data confirmed a cyclic trichromium complex in acetate solutions. Similar spectral features in the Fourier transform were observed at 3.0-3.5 Å for both hydrated and polynuclear Cr. Comparison of the spectral content of such features in the two different cases showed that the origin of the 3.0-3.5 Å structure is multiple scattering within the first O shell alone. Thus, no spectral contribution could be attributed to the outer hydration molecules in data for hydrated Cr3+. We also report on differences in first-shell O backscattering (or possible spectral contributions from H atoms) in the aqueous solutions relative to the crystal oxide, determined by systematic analysis of a Cr2O3 standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYSIS
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - MULTIPLE scattering (Physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13323852; Boyanov M. I. 1 Kemner K. M. 1 Shibata T. 1 Bunker B. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 23, p5131; Subject Term: ELECTROLYSIS; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: MULTIPLE scattering (Physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim
AU  - J.
AU  - Lee
AU  - L.
AU  - Niece
AU  - B. K.
AU  - Wang
AU  - J. X.
AU  - Gewirth
AU  - A. A.
T1  - Formation of Ordered Multilayers from Polyoxometalates and Silver on Electrode Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7927
EP  - 7933
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We show that multilayers of a common polyoxometalate—silicotungstic anion (STA), α-SiW12O404-—are formed on a Ag electrode surface or other electrode surfaces in the presence of Ag+ poised in the cathodic potential region. This effect is not observed on either Au surfaces or C surfaces absent Ag+. Surface X-ray scattering, quartz crystal microbalance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements show that the silicotungstic acid apparently stabilizes the Ag+ cation, which electrostatically assembles with the STA anion or the one-electron reduced species to form ordered multilayers. In contrast to other electrostatically assembled multilayer systems, those formed here exhibit considerable order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
KW  - POLYOXOMETALATES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 13323930; Kim J. 1 Lee L. 1 Niece B. K. 1 Wang J. X. 1 Gewirth A. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 23, p7927; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; Subject Term: POLYOXOMETALATES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectra; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cruz, L.R.
AU  - Legnani, C.
AU  - Matoso, I.G.
AU  - Ferreira, C.L.
AU  - Moutinho, H.R.
T1  - Influence of pressure and annealing on the microstructural and electro-optical properties of RF magnetron sputtered ITO thin films
JO  - Materials Research Bulletin
JF  - Materials Research Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 39
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 993
EP  - 1003
SN  - 00255408
AB  - Indium tin oxide thin films were deposited at room temperature by RF magnetron sputtering, under different pressures, and annealed in vacuum (10-6 Torr) in the 473–573 K temperature range. The microstructure of the films was analyzed in order to investigate its dependence on deposition pressure and annealing temperature. A correlation between microstructure and electro-optical properties was also established. Films produced at low pressures are crystalline and have higher conductivity than films deposited at high pressures. Films produced at high pressures are amorphous, but can be crystallized by annealing. With the increase in crystallinity, shifts of the absorption and plasma resonance edges to shorter wavelengths, attributed to an increase in carrier concentration, were observed at the transmittance spectra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Research Bulletin is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - INDIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - A. Thin films
KW  - B. Sputtering
KW  - D. Electrical properties
KW  - D. Microstructure
KW  - D. Optical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13177292; Cruz, L.R. 1; Email Address: leilacruz@ime.eb.br Legnani, C. 1 Matoso, I.G. 1 Ferreira, C.L. 1 Moutinho, H.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca 22290-270 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 39 Issue 7/8, p993; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: INDIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Sputtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electrical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Optical properties; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.materresbull.2004.03.008
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Devanathan, R.
AU  - Jiang, W.
T1  - The efficiency of damage production in silicon carbide
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 68
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to study the statistics of damage production in 3C–SiC due to C, Si and Au primary knock-on atoms (PKAs) over energies from 0.25 to 50 keV. In order to account for the different displacement energies on the Si and C sublattices and accurately assess the damage efficiency, a modified version of the SRIM (stopping and range of ions in matter) code, with the electronic stopping turned off to duplicate the MD conditions, was used to calculate the statistics of damage production for the same PKAs over the energy range from 0.1 to 400 keV under the binary collision approximation using threshold displacement energies of 20 and 35 eV for C and Si, respectively. Using the modified SRIM predictions as a reference, the efficiencies of total damage production are determined for C, Si and Au PKAs as functions of energy. The efficiency for production of C displacements is similar for all PKAs; however, C PKAs have a much lower efficiency for producing stable Si displacements than Si and Au PKAs, which leads to a much higher ratio of C to Si displacements for C PKAs. These results are consistent with the experimental damage production behavior observed in SiC irradiated with C, Si and Au ions at 150 K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - IONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - 61.80.Jh
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Defects
KW  - Irradiation effects
KW  - Silicon carbide
N1  - Accession Number: 13023592; Weber, W.J.; Email Address: bill.weber@pnl.gov Gao, F. 1 Devanathan, R. 1 Jiang, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-93, P.O. Box 999, 3335 Q Street, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p68; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.80.Jh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irradiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.12.006
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Posselt, M.
AU  - Belko, V.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Structures and energetics of defects: a comparative study of 3C- and 4H-SiC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The structures, formation energies and stable configurations of elementary defects (vacancies, antisite defects and self-interstitials) in 3C- and 4H-SiC are studied using classical molecular dynamics simulation with a recently developed interatomic potential. The defect structures in 3C-SiC are relatively simple, but those in 4H-SiC are more complex. The interstitials between hexagonal and trigonal rings are characteristic for 4H-SiC and other hexagonal polytypes, but not for 3C-SiC. The number of non-equivalent defects in 4H-SiC is much higher than that in 3C-SiC, and a considerable difference is found for some complex and anisotropic defects, in particular for the dumbbells D1Si–Si, D1Si–C and D2Si–C. The lattice deformation beyond the first nearest neighbor shell, which depends strongly on the polytype structure, plays an important role on these effects. However, the polytypism does not have a significant influence on the structure and energetics of the more compact and isotropic defects, such as vacancies and antisite defects. Despite the complexity of defect configurations, the tetrahedral interstitials have very similar properties in 3C- and 4H-SiC because their first, second and third nearest neighbor shells are identical. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - IONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - 3C- and 4H-SiC
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Defects and defect properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13023593; Gao, F. 1 Posselt, M. 2 Belko, V. 2 Zhang, Y. 1 Weber, W.J. 1; Email Address: bill.weber@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-93, P.O. Box 999, 3335 Q Street, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, P.O. Box 510119, D-01314 Dresden, Germany; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p74; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3C- and 4H-SiC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects and defect properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.12.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Devanathan, R.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - McCready, D.E.
AU  - Young, J.
AU  - Balakrishnan, G.
AU  - Paul, D.M.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Damage accumulation and amorphization in samarium titanate pyrochlore
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Damage accumulation in Sm2Ti2O7 single crystals irradiated with Au2+ ions at 170, 300 and 700 K was studied by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry using a 2.0 MeV He+ beam along the 〈0 0 1〉 channeling direction. The relative disorder on the Sm sublattice follows a nonlinear dependence on ion fluence. The nonlinear behavior is described well by a disorder accumulation model that indicates a predominant role of a defect-stimulated amorphization process. The critical dose for amorphization at 300 K is ∼0.14 dpa, which is in good agreement with in situ transmission electron microscopy results for polycrystalline Sm2Ti2O7 irradiated with 600 keV Bi+ ions and with Gd2Ti2O7 doped with 244Cm. Despite the six orders of magnitude difference in damage rates, the good agreement between the amorphization doses in Sm2Ti2O7 at 300 K and 244Cm-doped Gd2Ti2O7 at 340 K indicates that damage accumulation at these temperatures is relatively independent of dose rate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SAMARIUM
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - 61.80.Jh
KW  - Amorphization
KW  - Damage accumulation
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy
KW  - Samarium titanate pyrochlore
N1  - Accession Number: 13023596; Zhang, Y. 1; Email Address: yanwen.zhang@pnl.gov Shutthanandan, V. 1 Devanathan, R. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 McCready, D.E. 1 Young, J. 1 Balakrishnan, G. 2 Paul, D.M. 2 Weber, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, WA, 99352, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p89; Subject Term: SAMARIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.80.Jh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Samarium titanate pyrochlore; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.12.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023596&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corrales, L. René
T1  - Computational methods to study radiation effects in oxide materials
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - In this work, we briefly review recent theoretical studies of irradiation effects in oxide materials. Research based on classical mechanics and electronic structure methods to study ballistic and electronic excitation processes, respectively, in oxide materials is presented. Oxide materials have both ionic and covalent bonding interactions that make them more complex than metals and semiconductors. Hence, the modern strategy is to use electronic structure methods to help parameterize classical potential models, thus reducing the ambiguity of the potential model. Oxide materials can also support long-lived electronic excitations either as self-trapped holes and excitons or as in the formation of higher energy states, such as in a color center. We have learned that the electronic structure, in particular the low-lying conduction band states of insulators, is strongly coupled to the ionic forces, and so the excited state manifold must be mapped. In carrying out these tasks, many pitfalls are found, some discoveries are made, and many digressions are required to understand how molecular dynamics simulations can eventually couple the ballistic and electronic excitations that occur in irradiation processes in oxide materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 13023597; Corrales, L. René 1; Email Address: rene.corrales@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sci. Lab., Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, 902 Batelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p95; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.12.045
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023597&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valdez, James A.
AU  - Tang, Ming
AU  - Chi, Zhenhuan
AU  - Peters, Maria I.
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
T1  - Characterization of an ion irradiation induced phase transformation in monoclinic zirconia
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Ion irradiation damage experiments were performed on polycrystalline samples of monoclinic, sub-stoichiometric zirconia (ZrO1.98). Following irradiation with 300 keV Kr2+ ions, the monoclinic phase was gradually replaced by a new phase. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) measurements revealed that the radiation-induced phase is either a tetragonal or cubic polymorph of zirconia. This phase appeared at peak displacement damage doses as low as 1.8 displacements per atom (dpa). Raman spectroscopy (RS) measurements were performed in an attempt to discern the nature of the transformed irradiated material, but these measurements in the confocal geometry failed to unambiguously establish the nature of the phase transformation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments and particularly microdiffraction (μD) measurements revealed that in a sample irradiated to a fluence of 1 × 1020 Kr/m2, the transformed zirconia possesses a tetragonal structure. This was evidenced by the appearance of (1 1 2)-type Bragg reflections (indexed according to a “face-centered” unit cell) in the irradiated sample material. These (1 1 2) reflections are allowed in a tetragonal structure, while they are forbidden in cubic zirconia. Finally, additional GIXRD measurements on Kr2+ ion irradiated zirconia samples revealed very weak intensities at the diffraction position corresponding to a (1 1 2) tetragonal zirconia reflection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - 61.80.Jh
KW  - Ceramics (oxides)
KW  - Convergent-beam electron diffraction
KW  - Infrared and Raman spectra
KW  - Insulators
KW  - Ion irradiation effects
KW  - Metastable phases
KW  - Nanodiffraction
KW  - Selected-area electron diffraction
KW  - Theory and models of radiation effects
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - X-ray reflectometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13023598; Valdez, James A. 1 Tang, Ming 1 Chi, Zhenhuan 2 Peters, Maria I. 1 Sickafus, Kurt E. 1; Email Address: kurt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail-Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Renishaw Inc., 5277 Trillium Blvd., Hoffman Estates, IL 60192, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p103; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.80.Jh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics (oxides); Author-Supplied Keyword: Convergent-beam electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared and Raman spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion irradiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metastable phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanodiffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selected-area electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory and models of radiation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray reflectometry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.02.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023598&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, D.Y.
AU  - Shiles, E.
AU  - Inokuti, Mitio
T1  - Refraction and dispersion in optical glass
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The reflectivity spectra of representative glasses were analyzed to obtain their uv absorption spectra. From these, we show that the first few inverse moments of the absorption give a good representation of the refractive index for visible light when used with the generalized Cauchy dispersion formula [Radiat. Eff. Def. Sol. 157 (2002) 823]. The absorption spectra also illustrate the roles of modifier ions in determining the visible refractive index. These include introduction of ion-specific absorptions (uv color centers); broadening, shifting and altering the strength of glass-former absorptions; and alteration of the density and structure of the glass'' random network. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - Absorption spectra
KW  - Dispersion formulas
KW  - Optical glass
KW  - Optical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13023612; Smith, D.Y. 1,2; Email Address: dysmith@uvm.edu Shiles, E. 1,2 Inokuti, Mitio 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p170; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersion formulas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical properties; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.01.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023612&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McHargue, C.J.
AU  - Ononye, L.C.
AU  - Alves, E.
AU  - Marques, C.
AU  - Allard, L.F.
T1  - The effect of temperature on the structure of iron-implanted sapphire
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The defect structures of sapphire (α-Al2O3) implanted with iron at room temperature and 1000 °C were determined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy/ion channelling and transmission electron microscopy. Crystals with the <f>c</f>-axis normal to the surface were implanted with 1 × 1017 Fe/cm2 (150 keV). Samples implanted at RT were then annealed at 1000 °C in a reducing atmosphere. Implantation at RT produced precipitates, identified as α-Fe, 1–3 nm in size and the typical “black spot” damage. Implantation at 1000 °C produced little residual disorder and a microstructure containing faceted iron precipitates ranging in size to 100 nm. Voids were associated with many of the precipitates. A second population of voids in the size range of 5–15 nm was also present. Annealing produced a microstructure containing 1–60 nm faceted precipitates but fewer voids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - Nanoclusters
KW  - RBS–C
KW  - Sapphire
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 13023622; McHargue, C.J. 1; Email Address: crl@utk.edu Ononye, L.C. 2 Alves, E. 3 Marques, C. 3 Allard, L.F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Centers for Materials Processing, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, 100 Eastbrook Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-0750, USA  2: Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA  3: ITN, Estrada Nacional No. 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6062, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p227; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ION implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoclusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: RBS–C; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sapphire; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.12.089
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023622&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lian, J.
AU  - Wang, L.M.
AU  - Haire, R.G.
AU  - Helean, K.B.
AU  - Ewing, R.C.
T1  - Ion beam irradiation in La2Zr2O7–Ce2Zr2O7 pyrochlore
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Generally, zirconate pyrochlores do not experience a radiation-induced transformation from the crystalline-to-amorphous state, but rather disorder to a defect fluorite structure-type. Thus Gd2Zr2O7 has been proposed as a nuclear waste form for the immobilization of plutonium because of its radiation “stability”. In contrast, La2Zr2O7 can be amorphized by a 1.5 MeV Xe+ ion irradiation (∼5.5 dpa at room temperature), and the critical amorphization temperature is low (∼310 K). In this study we present data on ion beam irradiations of compositions in the solid solution: (La1−xCex)2Zr2O7 (<f>x=0</f>, 0.1, 0.2, 1). Ce is used as an analogue element for Pu because of similarities in charge and size. La2Zr2O7 can be amorphized by a 1.0 MeV Kr+ ion irradiation at 25 and 293 K at doses of ∼1.19 and ∼3.42 dpa, respectively, confirming that La2Zr2O7 is susceptible to ion irradiation-induced amorphization. With the addition of 10 mol% Ce in lanthanum–zirconate pyrochlore structure, no ion irradiation-induced amorphization has been observed at room temperature. The critical amorphization dose for (La0.9Ce0.1)2Zr2O7 at 25 K is ∼3.55 dpa, and with increasing Ce-content, a higher dose (∼5.20 dpa) is required to fully amorphize (La0.8Ce0.2)2Zr2O7 at 25 K. No amorphization occurred for Ce2Zr2O7 at 25 K at a dose of ∼7 dpa. These results suggest that the addition of Ce into the La2Zr2O7 structure increases the stability of the La2Zr2O7 waste form in a radiation environment, which may be attributed to the decreasing average radius of cations in the A-site, resulting from the smaller ionic radii of Ce3+ (0.114 nm) and Ce4+ (0.097 nm) as compared to La3+ (0.116 nm). An ion beam-induced anion-disordered pyrochlore was observed prior to the final transformation to a disordered fluorite structure. The local structural evolution upon ion irradiation was also investigated for Ce-doped La2Zr2O7 pyrochlores with different average A-site cation sizes and valence states using electron energy-loss spectrometry (EELS). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13023624; Lian, J. 1 Wang, L.M. 1 Haire, R.G. 2 Helean, K.B. 3 Ewing, R.C. 1; Email Address: rodewing@umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, 1906 Cooley Bldg., 2355 Bonisteel Blvd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA  3: Thermochemistry Facility, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p236; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.01.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023624&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritsyna, V.T.
AU  - Afanasyev-Charkin, I.V.
AU  - Kazarinov, Yu.G.
AU  - Sickafus, K.E.
T1  - Optical transitions in magnesium aluminate spinel crystals of different compositions exposed to irradiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Optical absorption of magnesium aluminate spinel single crystals of different compositions MgO · <f>n</f>Al2O3 (<f>n=1.0</f> and 2.5) were investigated after irradiation with neutrons, X-rays and the UV-light to elucidate existence of specific absorption bands related to lattice defects. The radiation induced absorption envelope is shifted to higher energy and is larger in intensity in non-stoichiometric spinel in comparison with stoichiometric one at the same irradiation conditions. Deconvolution of difference optical spectra of irradiated crystals shows the shift of the F-type centers from 4.75 and 5.3 eV in stoichiometric crystals to 5.08 and 5.63 eV in MgO · 2.5Al2O3 for F+- and F-centers, respectively. The absorption bands at 3.1 and 3.78 eV are present in both stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric crystals and are identified as V-type centers. By changing the irradiation time and using isochronal annealing it was revealed that additional bands appear in optical absorption spectra at 4.15 eV for MgO · 1.0Al2O3 crystals and at 4.46 eV for MgO · 2.5Al2O3 crystals. From the shift of the band energy position and the high intensity of this band in non-stoichiometric spinel crystals, it could be identified with electronic centers related to lattice defects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Defects
KW  - F-centers
KW  - Magnesium aluminate spinel
KW  - Radiation induced absorption spectra
KW  - V-centers
N1  - Accession Number: 13023629; Gritsyna, V.T. 1; Email Address: gritsyna@pht.univer.kharkov.ua Afanasyev-Charkin, I.V. 2 Kazarinov, Yu.G. 1 Sickafus, K.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Technology, Kharkiv National University, Svoboda Sq. 4, Kharkiv 61077, Ukraine  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p264; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: F-centers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium aluminate spinel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation induced absorption spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: V-centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.02.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023629&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, K.
AU  - Wang, L.M.
AU  - Ewing, R.C.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Electron irradiation induced phase separation in a sodium borosilicate glass
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 368
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Electron irradiation induced phase separation in a sodium borosilicate glass was studied in situ by analytical electron microscopy. Distinctly separate phases that are rich in boron and silicon formed at electron doses higher than 4.0 × 1011 Gy during irradiation. The separated phases are still in amorphous states even at a much high dose (2.1 × 1012 Gy). It indicates that most silicon atoms remain tetrahedrally coordinated in the glass during the entire irradiation period, except some possible reduction to amorphous silicon. The particulate B-rich phase that formed at high dose was identified as amorphous boron that may contain some oxygen. Both ballistic and ionization processes may contribute to the phase separation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - SILICON
KW  - BORON
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - 61.80.Fe
KW  - 68.37.Lp
KW  - EELS
KW  - EFTEM
KW  - Phase separation
KW  - Sodium borosilicate glass
N1  - Accession Number: 13023647; Sun, K. 1 Wang, L.M. 1; Email Address: lmwang@umich.edu Ewing, R.C. 1 Weber, W.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, 2355 Bonisteel Blvd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p368; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.80.Fe; Author-Supplied Keyword: 68.37.Lp; Author-Supplied Keyword: EELS; Author-Supplied Keyword: EFTEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium borosilicate glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.12.022
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023647&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
AU  - Wang, L.M.
AU  - Sun, K.
T1  - Amorphization processes in Au ion irradiated GaN at 150–300 K
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 218
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Epitaxial single-crystal gallium nitride (GaN) films on sapphire were irradiated at temperatures between 150 and 300 K using 1.0 MeV Au2+ ions over a range of fluences. The accumulation of disorder on the Ga sublattice has been investigated based on 2.0 MeV He+ RBS along the 〈0 0 0 1〉-axial channeling direction. In general, the degree of disorder in the irradiated GaN increases at low doses and saturates at intermediate doses; at higher doses, a rapid amorphization process occurs as a result of the ingrowth of surface defects. Results from this study indicate that there may be a dynamic recovery stage on the Ga sublattice in GaN between 250 and 300 K. High-resolution TEM studies show that the microstructure in the disorder saturation stage contains a dense network of planar defects (basal-plane dislocation loops and stacking faults), while the more highly disordered regime includes amorphous domains and small crystalline zones that are randomly oriented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - STEREOLOGY
KW  - 61.72.Cc
KW  - 61.72.Ff
KW  - 61.80.Jh
KW  - Defect microstructures
KW  - Disorder accumulation
KW  - GaN
KW  - Ion-beam irradiation
N1  - Accession Number: 13023659; Jiang, W. 1; Email Address: weilin.jiang@pnl.gov Weber, W.J. 1 Wang, L.M. 2 Sun, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 218 Issue 1-4, p427; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: STEREOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Cc; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.72.Ff; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.80.Jh; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect microstructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disorder accumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-beam irradiation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2003.12.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13023659&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bals, S.
AU  - Kabius, B.
AU  - Haider, M.
AU  - Radmilovic, V.
AU  - Kisielowski, C.
T1  - Annular dark field imaging in a TEM
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/06/08/
VL  - 130
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 675
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Annular objective apertures are fabricated for a CM300 transmission electron microscope using a focused ion beam system. A central beam stop in the back focal plane of the objective lens of the microscope blocks all electrons scattered up to a semi-angle of approximately 20 mrad. In this manner, contributions to the image from Bragg scattering are largely reduced and the image contrast is sensitive to the atomic number Z. Experimentally, we find that single atom scattering cross sections measured with this technique are close to Rutherford scattering values. A comparison between this new method and STEM-HAADF shows that both techniques result in qualitatively similar images although the resolution of ADF-TEM is limited by contrast delocalization caused by the spherical aberration of the objective lens. This problem can be overcome by using an aberration corrected microscope. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - MICROSCOPES
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - E. Dark field TEM
KW  - E. Z-contrast
N1  - Accession Number: 12977079; Bals, S. 1; Email Address: sbals@lbl.gov Kabius, B. 2 Haider, M. 3 Radmilovic, V. 1 Kisielowski, C. 1; Email Address: cfkisielowski@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Science Division; Bldg. 212 Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: CEOS GmbH, Englerstr. 28, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 130 Issue 10, p675; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: MICROSCOPES; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Dark field TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Z-contrast; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.03.035
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12977079&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
AU  - Pecharsky, A. O.
AU  - Hale, Lucas
AU  - Pecharsky, V. K.
T1  - Low Temperature Properties of Some Er-rich Intermetallic Compounds.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 40
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The low temperature volumetric heat capacity (∼3.5 to 350 K) and magnetic susceptibility (∼4 to 320 K) of Er3Rh, Er3Ir, Er3Pt, Er2Al, and Er2Sn have been measured. All of the compounds order antiferromagnetically (or ferrimagnetically), and most exhibit more than one magnetic ordering transition. The volumetric heat capacities in general are smaller than those of the prototype magnetic regenerator materials, except for Er3Ir in the 12 to 14 K temperature range. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - ENTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 13867352; Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 1,2 Pecharsky, A. O. 1 Hale, Lucas 1 Pecharsky, V. K. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: ENTROPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774549
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867352&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, R. P.
AU  - Toplosky, V. J.
T1  - Axial Reverse-Cycle Fatigue Tests of High Strength Pulse Magnet Conductors at 77 K.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 66
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - High strength conductors, used for the construction of pulsed magnets at NHMFL, must withstand demanding stress, strain and cyclic fatigue requirements. The safe design and operation of pulse magnets requires an understanding of the expected conductor performance as determined from design-specific low-cycle fatigue tests. A test fixture has been developed to perform fatigue stress cycling at 77 K that enables the application of axial tension and compression in a stress or strain control mode. Special wedge grips with low thermal mass were designed that are capable of reverse cycling (tension-compression) of various size specimens. The low cycle fatigue life of Glidcop-AL60™, a commercially available high strength/high conductivity conductor, has been characterized and is reported. Stress and strain data acquired for the tests, are evaluated to assess the material’s strain hardening or strain softening characteristics and its influence on fatigue life. The influence of test control mode (stress control versus strain control), and r-ratio on the fatigue life, are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FATIGUE testing machines
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - TESTING -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 13867349; Walsh, R. P. 1 Toplosky, V. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p59; Subject Term: FATIGUE testing machines; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: TESTING -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774552
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867349&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soika, R.
AU  - Cooley, L. D.
AU  - Ghosh, A. K.
AU  - Werner, A.
T1  - Fixture for Short Sample Testing of Modern High Energy Physics Nb3Sn Strands.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 74
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Nb3Sn strands being developed for future HEP applications have about four times the critical current at 4.2 K, 12 T, and significantly larger effective filament diameters than ITER-class strands, upon which the present short-sample testing protocol is based. Because of shortcomings in stability when testing these HEP strands with the ITER barrel, we have designed and built a new, low-cost Nb3Sn short sample test fixture that provides excellent stability and allows for higher throughput at lower cost than the ITER design. The new design uses stainless steel as the central region of the barrel, but it can also incorporate Ti-6A-14V to produce different strain states on the strand upon cooldown. Soldering the modern Nb3Sn strand to the stainless steel barrel provided the best stability in experiments, where current-voltage transitions were recorded up to 150 μV and up to ∼ 1000 A. Current-voltage data were also obtained at fields as low as 8.5 T for state-of-the-art HEP strands. A continuous round groove was a key design feature because it ensures a smooth transition between the region where current transfers into the strand and where it is measured. This groove also makes it possible to transfer samples onto the barrel after the heat treatment without damage. We discuss the implications of our barrel design and testing experiences for present testing difficulties and protocols. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE physics
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - COPPER
N1  - Accession Number: 13867348; Soika, R. 1 Cooley, L. D. 1 Ghosh, A. K. 1 Werner, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p67; Subject Term: PARTICLE physics; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: COPPER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774553
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867348&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Livescu, V.
AU  - Woodruff, T. R.
AU  - Clausen, B.
AU  - Sisneros, T.
AU  - Bourke, M. A. M.
AU  - Notardonato, W. U.
AU  - Vaidyanathan, R.
T1  - Design and Rationale for an In Situ Cryogenic Deformation Capability at a Neutron Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 92
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - When performed in conjunction with neutron diffraction, in situ loading offers unique insights on microstructural deformation mechanisms. This is by virtue of the penetration and phase sensitivity of neutrons. At Los Alamos National Laboratory room and high temperature (up to 1500°C) polycrystalline constitutive response is modeled using finite element and self-consistent models. The models are compared to neutron diffraction measurements. In doing so the implications of slip and creep to microstructural response have been explored. Recently we have been considering low temperature phenomena. This includes changes in deformation mechanisms such as the increased predilection for twinning over slip. Since this is associated with measurable texture changes as well as microstructural strain effects, it is well suited for study using neutron diffraction. This paper outlines the design and rationale for a cryogenic loading capability that will be used on the Spectrometer for MAterials Research at Temperature and Stress (SMARTS) at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13867346; Livescu, V. 1 Woodruff, T. R. 2 Clausen, B. 1 Sisneros, T. 1 Bourke, M. A. M. 1 Notardonato, W. U. 3 Vaidyanathan, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA  2: University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, 32816, USA  3: NASA Kennedy Space Center, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, 32899, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p83; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774555
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867346&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walsh, R. P.
AU  - Miller, J. R.
AU  - Toplosky, V. J.
T1  - Characterization of Alloys with Potential for Application in Cable-in-Conduit Conductors for High-Field Superconducting Magnets.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 150
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Since the introduction of the cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) concept, a variety of alloys have been proposed for fabricating the jacket. The jacket provides primary containment of the supercritical helium coolant and is typically also the primary structural component for the magnet. These functions create requirements for strength, toughness, weldability, and fabricability in tubular form. When the CICC uses Nb3Sn, there are additional requirements to accommodate the manufacturing and heat-treatment processes for the superconductor as well as its strain-sensitive performance during operation. Both of the present favorite jacket alloys, Incoloy 908 and modified (ultra-low carbon) 316LN, have both demonstrated acceptable functionality as well as a few undesirable features. In this paper, we present data from cryogenic mechanical tests on a group of heat-resistant, high-strength superalloys that appear to offer equal or better mechanical performance (e.g. strength, toughness, and modulus) while mitigating the undesirable aspects (e.g. SAGBO in the case of I908 and thermal-expansion mismatch with Nb3Sn in the case of 316LN). Data are presented for each alloy in the as-received and aged conditions. These alloys are presently being considered as candidates for use in the next-generation hybrid magnet for the NHMFL but may also be of interest to the fusion and energy storage communities. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - ELECTRIC cables
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - MATERIALS at low temperatures
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13867338; Walsh, R. P. 1 Miller, J. R. 1 Toplosky, V. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p145; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC cables; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS at low temperatures; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774563
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867338&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rathod, C. R.
AU  - Livescu, V.
AU  - Clausen, B.
AU  - Bourke, M. A. M.
AU  - Notardonato, W. U.
AU  - Femminineo, M.
AU  - Vaidyanathan, R.
T1  - Neutron Diffraction Characterization of Residual Strain in Welded Inconel 718 for NASA Space Shuttle Flow Liners.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
EP  - 175
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This work quantitatively assesses residual strains and stresses associated with the weld repair process used to repair cracks on NASA’s space shuttle flow liners. The coupons used in this investigation were made of the same INCONEL 718 alloy used for the flow liners. They were subjected to identical welding and certification procedures that were carried out on the space shuttle. Neutron diffraction measurements at Los Alamos National Laboratory determined residual strains at selected locations in a welded coupon at 293 K and 135 K. The weld repair process introduced Mises effective residual stresses of up to 555 MPa. On comparing the measurements at 293 K and 135 K, no significant change to the residual strain profile was noted at the low temperature. This indicated minimal mismatch in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the base metal and the weld. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - SPACE shuttles -- Thermodynamics
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13867335; Rathod, C. R. 1 Livescu, V. 2 Clausen, B. 2 Bourke, M. A. M. 2 Notardonato, W. U. 3 Femminineo, M. 3 Vaidyanathan, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, 32816, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA  3: NASA Kennedy Space Center, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, 32899, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p167; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: SPACE shuttles -- Thermodynamics; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774566
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867335&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cakiroglu, O.
AU  - Arda, L.
AU  - Aslanoglu, Z.
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Dur, O.
AU  - Kaplan, A.
AU  - Hascicek, Y. S.
T1  - Electrical Properties of Sol-Gel MgO - ZrO2 Insulation Coatings under Compression for Magnet Technology.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
EP  - 192
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The high temperature compatible MgO - ZrO2 insulation coatings were applied on Stainless-Steel-304 (SS) ribbons by sol-gel process for magnet technologies. SS ribbons did not considerably oxidize, even though the coating process occurs in an oxidation atmosphere. Electrical properties of the samples such as high voltage breakdown (HVbd), electrical strength and dielectric constant under varying stress, at Room Temperature (RT) and 77 K were investigated. The measurements were carried out with and without epoxy impregnation. Surface morphologies of insulated samples were examined by using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM), after high voltage breakdown test. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13867333; Cakiroglu, O. 1 Arda, L. 1 Aslanoglu, Z. 1 Akin, Y. 1,2 Dur, O. 1 Kaplan, A. 3 Hascicek, Y. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: University of Florida, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  3: Innovative Environmental Magnets & Materials, Inc.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p184; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopes; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774568
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867333&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buta, F.
AU  - Hascicek, Y. S.
AU  - Sumption, M. D.
AU  - Arda, L.
AU  - Aslanoglu, Z.
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Collings, E. W.
T1  - A Sol-Gel Approach to the Insulation of Rutherford Cables.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 280
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Two wind-and-react compatible variants for the electrical insulation of Rutherford cables by a sol-gel route have been investigated. The first variant involves the direct application of a sol-gel coating of SnO2-ZrO2 to the surface of the strands in the cable, whereas the second is an indirect approach consisting of coating stainless steel tapes with MgO-ZrO2 that are to be wrapped around or co-wound with the cable. Following the application of the insulation by one of the two methods, the insulation electrical resistance and breakdown voltage were determined for samples consisting of two 7 inches long cables pressed together and vacuum impregnated with epoxy (CTD-101K). With a notable exception, the breakdown voltages on directly insulated cables were too low for practical purposes. Better results, with breakdown voltages ranging from 20 to almost 200 V, were obtained for insulator coatings applied to stainless steel tapes. An additional sintering at 700–800°C for 6–12h of the coatings deposited on stainless steel was found to increase the breakdown voltage. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 13867323; Buta, F. 1,2 Hascicek, Y. S. 3 Sumption, M. D. 2 Arda, L. 3 Aslanoglu, Z. 3 Akin, Y. 3 Collings, E. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Global Research and Development, Inc., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA  2: LASM, MSB, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p273; Subject Term: ELECTRIC wire; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774579
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867323&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Motowidlo, L. R.
AU  - Rudziak, M. K.
AU  - Wong, T.
AU  - Cooley, L. D.
AU  - Lee, P. J.
T1  - Comparison of the Properties and Microstructure of Niobium-47Titanium Superconductors with Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Island Pinning Centers.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 322
EP  - 329
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have investigated Nb-47Ti multifilament wire with 12 volume percent artificial pinning centers (APC). The superconducting properties of APC wires containing either ferromagnetic nickel pins with a copper barrier or non-magnetic copper pins are compared. The optimum diameter for these pins is found to be ∼10 nm. Designs with Ni pins show a clear performance advantage over those with pure Cu only, being almost 70% higher for otherwise identical filament diameter and pin diameter and arrangement. Designs with ∼1 μm filaments were found to suffer from proximity coupling to the external copper matrix, and a further 19% improvement was found for a second Ni design with ∼17 μm filament diameter. This design also exhibited the highest upper critical field of any APC design made so far. Annealing the wires for a few minutes at 100 to 200 °C produced even better performance, reaching > 5000 A/mm2 at 5 T and 4.2 K in the best design. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed a new feature in the pin nanostructure due to the short annealing for both designs. Voids are formed on the outside of each pin as a result of inter-diffusion between Ni, Cu, and/or Ti, which may improve pinning by reducing the proximity coupling of the pins to the Nb47Ti matrix. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 13867317; Motowidlo, L. R. 1 Rudziak, M. K. 1 Wong, T. 1 Cooley, L. D. 2 Lee, P. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Supercon, Inc., Shrewsbury, MA, 01545 USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: The Applied Superconductivity Center, UW-Madison, WI 53706-1609 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p322; Subject Term: ELECTRIC wire; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774585
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867317&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scanlan, R-M.
AU  - Dietderich, D. R.
AU  - Gourlay, S. A.
T1  - A New Generation Nb3Sn Wire, and the Prospects for Its Use in Particle Accelerators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 358
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The US DOE has initiated a Conductor Development Program aimed at demonstrating a high current density, cost effective Nb3Sn conductor for use in accelerator magnets. The first goal, an increase in current density by 50 %, has been achieved in a practical conductor. The program is focused at present on achieving the second goal of reduced losses. The different approaches for achieving these goals will be discussed, and the status will be presented. Magnet technology R&D has been proceeding in parallel with the conductor development efforts, and these two technologies are reaching the level required for the next step—introduction into operating accelerator magnets. An obvious point for introducing this technology is the LHC interaction region magnets, which require large apertures and high fields (or high field gradients). By upgrading the interaction region magnets, machine performance can be enhanced significantly without replacing the arc magnets, which represent most of the cost of an accelerator. Design requirements generated by recent studies and workshops will be reviewed, and a roadmap for the development of the next-generation interaction region magnets will be presented.. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 13867314; Scanlan, R-M. 1 Dietderich, D. R. 1 Gourlay, S. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p349; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774588
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867314&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zeitlin, Bruce A.
AU  - Gregory, Eric
AU  - Pyon, Taeyoung
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
AU  - Polyanskii, Anatolii A.
AU  - Lee, Peter J.
T1  - Progress on the Use of Internal Fins as Barriers to Reduce Magnetization on High Current Density Mono Element Internal Tin Conductors (MEIT).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 424
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A number of configurations of a mono element internal tin conductor (MEIT) were fabricated to explore the effect of internal fins on the effective filament size (Deff) and its effect on wire processing. A current density of 2.85 × 109 A/m2 (12 T) was achieved in a high tin, high Nb conductor. Wire lengths as long as 15.8 km at 0.254 mm diameter with breaks averaging 3 per unit length were achieved. Magnetization measurements and Magneto-Optical (MO) images were taken of the finned and non-fin conductor which indicated the fins appeared to be effective. The Deff achieved in the fin conductor was 80 μm compared with an equivalent conductor without a fin of 165 μm. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 13867305; Zeitlin, Bruce A. 1 Gregory, Eric 1 Pyon, Taeyoung 2 Scanlan, R. M. 3 Polyanskii, Anatolii A. 4 Lee, Peter J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Supergenics LLC, Sarasota, Fl 34242, USA  2: Outokumpu Advanced Superconductors, Waterbury, CT, 06704, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA  4: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Applied Superconductivity Center, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p417; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC wire; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774597
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867305&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chichili, D. R.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. S.
AU  - Zlobin, A. V.
AU  - Codell, D.
AU  - Fabian, P.
AU  - Tupper, M.
T1  - Fabrication of Nb3Sn Shell-Type Coils with Pre-Preg Ceramic Insulation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 450
EP  - 457
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Insulation is one of the critical components for high-field Nb3Sn magnets that follow wind-and-react approach. The insulation material has to withstand high bending stresses while winding the coil and high heat-treatment temperatures under pressure during coil reaction. At Fermilab we have developed a procedure and tested successfully the dry ceramic insulation tape with inorganic liquid binder to wind and cure the coils. Recently we have extended this to a pre-preg ceramic insulation tape, which would minimize and control the amount of binder in the coil. Several coils with various insulation patterns have been fabricated and tested at Fermilab. This paper discusses the fabrication issues of the coils with different types of cable insulation including the pre-preg ceramic insulation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - INSULATING materials
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13867301; Chichili, D. R. 1 Andreev, N. 1 Kashikhin, V. S. 1 Zlobin, A. V. 1 Codell, D. 2 Fabian, P. 2 Tupper, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, 60510, USA  2: Composite Technology Development, Inc., Lafayette, Colorado, 80026, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p450; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Subject Term: INSULATING materials; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774601
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867301&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aslanoglu, Z.
AU  - Arda, L.
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Sumption, M. D.
AU  - Tomsic, M.
AU  - Hascicek, Y. S.
T1  - Characterization of MgB2 Conductors for Coil Development.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
EP  - 540
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The effects of the heat treatment conditions on microstructure and the transport critical current density of MgB2 wires, which were fabricated by the Continuous Tube Forming and Filling (CTFF) process, have been investigated. Two types of MgB2 conductors, Fe/MgB2 and Cu/MgB2, were studied. It was found that the sheath materials affect the optimum annealing profile of MgB2 conductor. The annealing temperature for Cu/MgB2 conductors was lower than that for the Fe/MgB2 conductors. The critical current density, Jc was measured to be 1.1×105 A/cm2 at 20 K in-self field for Cu/MgB2 conductor of 1.25 mm in diameter. The processing, microstructure and superconducting properties are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 13867291; Aslanoglu, Z. 1 Arda, L. 1 Akin, Y. 1 Sumption, M. D. 2 Tomsic, M. 3 Hascicek, Y. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Florida State University, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee FL 32310, USA  2: The Ohio State University, MSE, 477 Watts Hall, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  3: Hyper Tech Research Inc., 110 E. Canal St. Troy, OH 45373, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p533; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774611
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867291&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hascicek, Y. S.
AU  - Aslanoglu, Z.
AU  - Arda, L.
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Sumption, M. D.
AU  - Tomsic, M.
T1  - Fabrication and Testing of W&R MgB2 Coils Using CTFF Cu/MgB2 Wires and the Sol-Gel Insulation Process.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 545
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have sol-gel insulated and characterized short samples of the Cu CTFF in Cu tube MgB2 wire with a view to fabricate the first US MgB2 coil from this conductor. The optimum heat treatment condition for this conductor was found to be half an hour at 700 °C under 4%H2-Ar gas flow. We have sol-gel insulated 25 meters of Cu/MgB2 wire with SnO2-ZrO2, layer wound the coil, impregnated with stycast and then tested it between 4.2 K and 30 K together with a sister sample which was heat treated with the coil. The coil had a Jc of 66190 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 21428 A/cm2 at 20 K in its self field. This is almost identical to that of the sister sample when the self field effect is considered. This is very significant, as it demonstrate that with CTFF process which is readily scalable, one can produce any lengths of MgB2 conductor which would demonstrate the short sample Jc which is unheard of in the HTS conductors. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - INSULATING materials
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13867290; Hascicek, Y. S. 1 Aslanoglu, Z. 1 Arda, L. 1 Akin, Y. 1 Sumption, M. D. 2 Tomsic, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Florida State University, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee FL 32310, USA  2: The Ohio State University, MSB, 477 Watts Hall, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  3: Hyper Tech Research Inc., 110 E. Canal St. Troy, OH 45373, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p541; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Subject Term: INSULATING materials; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774612
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867290&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castillo, O. E.
AU  - Sastry, P. V. P. S. S.
AU  - Trociewitz, B.
AU  - Trociewitz, U. P.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - Microstructural and Superconducting Properties of V-Doped MgB2 Bulk and Wires.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 546
EP  - 553
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Studies of the effects of doping MgB2 bulk and Fe-clad wires with V are presented. Samples of composition Mg1-xVxB2 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) have been investigated to understand the role of V doping on the phase formation, microstructure and superconducting properties. Fe-clad wires were fabricated by groove rolling and cold drawing. The superconducting transition temperature remained constant at about 39 K for all the compositions studied. Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed the presence of V in the superconducting phase. Enhancement of magnetization hysteresis loop widths indicates an improvement in flux pinning for V-doped samples. Studies on the variation of maximum reaction temperatures suggest that the optimum reaction temperature varies with V content. The optimum reaction temperature also depended on the wire diameter with the larger wires requiring higher reaction temperature. The transport critical current densities measured for groove-rolled wires were in the range of 1.0 – 1.4 × 105 A/cm2. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - FLUX pinning
KW  - CRITICAL currents
N1  - Accession Number: 13867289; Castillo, O. E. 1,2 Sastry, P. V. P. S. S. 1 Trociewitz, B. 3 Trociewitz, U. P. 3 Schwartz, J. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA  2: FAMU - FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p546; Subject Term: ELECTRIC wire; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: FLUX pinning; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774613
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867289&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maeda, H.
AU  - Trociewitz, U. P.
AU  - Sastry, P. V. P. S. S.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
AU  - Toshima, M.
AU  - Sato, M.
T1  - Phase Formation and Critical Current Density of Ag-Sheathed Bi-2223 Tapes with Insulating Sr-V-O Barriers.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 612
EP  - 619
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Ag-sheathed 37-filament Bi2223 tapes with Sr6V2O11 (6-2SVO) insulating barriers around each filament were fabricated by the powder-in-tube method. Tapes were made both from twisted and non-twisted wires. For comparison, tapes were also made from twisted and non-twisted wires without 6-2SVO insulating barriers. For the wires with insulating oxide barriers, drawing through roller dies is effective in suppressing sausaging of filaments, and deformation of filaments is uniform throughout the cross sectional area. Oxide barriers or twisting do not lower Ic values in the 37-filament tapes with 6-2SVO barriers. In fact, for the tapes processed in 20% O2 atmosphere, twisted barrier tapes showed higher Ic values compared to the corresponding tapes with no barriers. 6-2SVO is shown to fulfill the requirements of a barrier material; 6-2SVO is stable, non-reactive with Bi-oxides, ductile, and porous for oxygen permeability. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL fibers
KW  - MAGNETIC permeability
KW  - INSULATING materials
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - MECHANICAL engineering
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13867281; Maeda, H. 1,2 Trociewitz, U. P. 2 Sastry, P. V. P. S. S. 1 Schwartz, J. 1,2,3 Toshima, M. 4 Sato, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for AdvancedPower Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Fl 32310, USA  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  4: Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami 090-8507, Japan; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p612; Subject Term: METAL fibers; Subject Term: MAGNETIC permeability; Subject Term: INSULATING materials; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: MECHANICAL engineering; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774621
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867281&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balachandran, U.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Fisher, B. L.
AU  - Koritala, R. E.
AU  - Miller, D. J.
T1  - Development of Coated Conductors by Inclined Substrate Deposition.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
EP  - 644
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Inclined substrate deposition (ISD) has the potential for rapid production of high-quality biaxially textured template layers suitable for YBCO-coated conductors. We have grown biaxially textured magnesium oxide (MgO) films on Hastelloy substrates by ISD at rapid deposition rates, 20–100 Å/sec. Scanning electron microscopy of the ISD MgO films showed columnar grain structures with a roof-tile-shaped surface. A small full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of ≈10° was observed in the [lowercase_phi_synonym]-scan for MgO films. YBCO films were grown on ISD MgO buffered substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The critical current density was >1.2×106 A/cm2 at 77 K in self-field. A meter-long ISD MgO film on a metallic substrate was fabricated by the reel-to-reel method with an average [lowercase_phi_synonym]-scan FWHM of 16.1° and a standard deviation of 2.6°. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 13867278; Balachandran, U. 1 Ma, B. 1 Li, M. 1 Fisher, B. L. 1 Koritala, R. E. Miller, D. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p637; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: ENGINEERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774624
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867278&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paranthaman, M. Parans
AU  - Sathyamurthy, S.
AU  - Aytug, T.
AU  - Leonard, K J.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Zhai, H. Y.
AU  - Kroeger, D. M.
AU  - Christen, D. K.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Verebelyi, D. T.
AU  - Schoop, U.
AU  - Thieme, C.
AU  - Kodenkandath, T.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Rupich, M. W.
AU  - Ericson, R. E.
T1  - Buffer Layer R&D for YBCO Coated Conductor Composite Wires.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 645
EP  - 652
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Buffer layers play a key role in the YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) coated conductor composite wire technology. The important buffer layer characteristics are: these buffers should prevent metal diffusion into the superconductor from the substrate; possibly act as oxygen diffusion barriers; should be smooth, continuous, crack-free, highly aligned and dense. In order to develop low-cost alternative buffer layer architectures to the standard architecture of YBCO/CeO2/YSZ/Y2O3/Ni/Ni-W, LaMnO3 (LMO) and La2Zr2O7 (LZO) buffers were chosen for this study. These buffers were grown epitaxially on biaxially textured and strengthened Ni-W3% metal tapes by scalable vapor and/or solution techniques. LaMnO3 buffers were grown epitaxially on Ni-W substrates by rf sputtering, and La2Zr2O7 buffers were grown by a Metal-Organic Deposition (MOD). Detailed microstructural characterizations indicate that both of these buffers were excellent Ni diffusion barrier layers and high current YBCO films were grown on both LMO and LZO buffer templates. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - LINE drivers (Integrated circuits)
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13867277; Paranthaman, M. Parans 1 Sathyamurthy, S. 1 Aytug, T. 1 Leonard, K J. 1 Goyal, A. 1 Zhai, H. Y. 1 Kroeger, D. M. 1 Christen, D. K. 1 Li, X. 2 Verebelyi, D. T. 2 Schoop, U. 2 Thieme, C. 2 Kodenkandath, T. 2 Zhang, W. 2 Rupich, M. W. 2 Ericson, R. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: American Superconductor Corporation, Westborough, MA 01581, USA  3: 3M Company, St. Paul, MN 55144, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p645; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: LINE drivers (Integrated circuits); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774625
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867277&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akin, Y.
AU  - Bacaltchuk, C. M. B.
AU  - Goddard, R. E.
AU  - Celik, E.
AU  - Arda, L.
AU  - Garmestani, H.
AU  - Sigmund, W.
AU  - Hascicek, Y. S.
T1  - Textured Growth of Buffer Layer Structures for YBCO Coated Conductors.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 660
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Textured growth of Cerium oxide (CeO2) and 100% lattice matched (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 buffer layers were investigated for YBCO coated conductors as cap layers on Gd2O3 thin films by chemical solution deposition technique. CeO2 is one of the most widely used cap layer for fabrication of coated conductors, especially when e-beam evaporation technique is used for YBCO processing. (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 was designed as a perfect lattice matched cap layer, and CeO2 and (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 cap layers have been fabricated on biaxially textured Ni substrates by chemical solution deposition technique in our laboratory. This time we presented textured growth of CeO2 on a Gd2O3 thin film and textured growth of (Eu0.893Yb0.107)2O3 on the CeO2/Gd2O3/Ni buffer layers structure by chemical solution deposition technique. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13867276; Akin, Y. 1,2 Bacaltchuk, C. M. B. 1,3,4 Goddard, R. E. Celik, E. 1,5 Arda, L. 1,6 Garmestani, H. 1,7 Sigmund, W. 2 Hascicek, Y. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: University of Florida, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  3: Technology -1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  4: Centre Federal de Educa9ao Technologica -CSF-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  5: Dokuz Eylul University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey  6: Marmara University, Arts& Science Faculty, Physics Department, Goztepe,Istanbul, 81040 Turkey  7: Georgia Institute of Technology - Materials Science and Engineering, 771 N.W Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p653; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774626
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867276&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mbaruku, A. L.
AU  - Rutel, I.
AU  - Trociewitz, U. P.
AU  - Weijers, H. W.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - Electro-Mechanical Behavior of YBCO Coated Conductor in Tension.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 700
EP  - 708
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recently, high critical current densities in long-lengths of YBa2Cu3O7-x coated superconductors have been obtained. Since in magnet applications, stresses are generated during coil construction and operation and the fact that the superconductors are brittle and sensitive to cracking, understanding the effects of such stresses and strains on the electrical performance is very critical. Here, we report on the mechanical properties of such coated conductors under axial tension, including the dependence of critical current density upon strain. Microstructural analysis by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope relates the superconducting performance to the tensile conditions to which the conductor is subjected. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13867270; Mbaruku, A. L. 1,2 Rutel, I. 3 Trociewitz, U. P. 3 Weijers, H. W. 3 Schwartz, J. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Power Systems, Tallahassee,FL323105USA  2: Mechanical EngineeringDept. FAMU-FSUCollege of Engineering, Tallahassee,FL32310, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p700; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774632
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867270&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sumption, M. D.
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
AU  - Illyin, Yu. A.
AU  - Nijhuis, A.
AU  - Collings, E. W.
T1  - Magnetic, Calorimetric, and Transport Studies of Coupling and Interstrand Contact Resistance in Nb3Sn Rutherford Cables with Bimetallic Cores of Stainless Steel Bonded to Copper.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 788
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Magnetic and calorimetric techniques were used to measure coupling loss in small-scale (typically 20-strand) Rutherford cables inclosing bimetallic stainless steel-and-copper cores. The effects of two types of core were studied: (i) a double core consisting of two strips of bimetallic Cu/SS with the stainless steel (SS) surfaces facing each other; (ii) a single composite core with Cu sandwiched between two strips of SS — a kind of “thick-core reference”. A “no-core reference” cable was also included in the measurement set. In the double-core cable the facing SS strips (with their included surface oxide layer) were intended to inhibit crossover interstrand contact at the same time that side-by-side contact would be enhanced by the diffusion bonding of the outer strip surfaces to the strand during the cable’s prolonged heat treatment under a uniaxial pressure of 20 MPa. Coupling loss in this double-core cable was small but measurable and very much less than that of the uncored cable. Coupling loss in the composite core cable was immeasurably small. The losses were expressed quantitatively in terms of interstrand contact resistances (ICR) deduced from the magnetic- and calorimetric coupling-loss results. ICR data were also obtained by direct measurement using the four-terminal transport method. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC couplings
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 13867260; Sumption, M. D. 1 Scanlan, R. M. 2 Illyin, Yu. A. 3 Nijhuis, A. 3 Collings, E. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: laboratories for Applied Superconductivity and Magnetism (LASM), MSB Dept, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  2: Superconducting Magnet Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Low Temperature Division, Faculty of Applied Physics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p781; Subject Term: MAGNETIC couplings; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774642
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867260&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregory, E.
AU  - Zeitlin, B. A.
AU  - Tomsic, M.
AU  - Pyon, T.
AU  - Sumption, M. D.
AU  - Collings, E. W.
AU  - Barzi, E.
AU  - Dietderich, D. R.
AU  - Scanlan, R. M.
AU  - Polyanskii, A. A.
AU  - Lee, P. J.
T1  - Attempts to Reduce A.C. Losses in High Current Density Internal-Tin Nb3Sn.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 789
EP  - 796
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - High current density designs of internal-tin Nb3Sn employing a single barrier to separate the superconductor from the stabilizer have proved to be unstable at the desired sizes in some short sample tests. Bridging between subelements occurs and the effective filament diameter (deff) is considerably greater than the value of < 40 μm specified by the High Energy Physics (HEP) community. In this investigation we have explored the extent to which the other properties are changed when the losses are decreased by using multiple barriers to ensure the separation of the subelements. The effect of internal fins, of the type used in the Mono Element Internal Tin (MEIT) process, on the values for critical current density (Jc) and deff of multiple barrier restacks, is also reported, as are some problems encountered by the addition of Ti and possibly Cu to the Sn core. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - ENGINEERING
N1  - Accession Number: 13867259; Gregory, E. 1 Zeitlin, B. A. 1 Tomsic, M. 2 Pyon, T. 3 Sumption, M. D. 4 Collings, E. W. 4 Barzi, E. 5 Dietderich, D. R. 6 Scanlan, R. M. 6 Polyanskii, A. A. 7 Lee, P. J. 7; Affiliation:  1: Supergenics LLC, Sarasota, FL, 34242, USA  2: HyperTech Research Inc. Troy, OH, 45373, USA  3: Outokumpu Advanced Superconductors, Waterbury, CT, 06704, USA  4: LASM, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA  5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA  7: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Applied Superconductivity Center, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p789; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774643
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867259&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ambrosio, G.
AU  - Barzi, E.
AU  - Chichili, D.
AU  - Elementi, L.
AU  - Zlobin, A. V.
T1  - Measurement of Inter-Strand Contact Resistance in Epoxy Impregnated Nb3Sn Rutherford Cables.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 828
EP  - 835
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An apparatus for the measurement, under transverse pressure, of the inter-strand contact resistance in epoxy-impregnated Nb3Sn Rutherford cables has been recently assembled at Fermilab. Procedures have been developed to instrument and measure samples extracted from Nb3Sn coils. Samples were extracted from coils fabricated with the Wind-and-React and the React-and-Wind technology, both presently under development at Fermilab. A ceramic binder is used to improve the insulation and to simplify the fabrication of coils using the Wind-and-React technology. Synthetic oil is used to prevent sintering during the heat treatment of coils to be wound after reaction. In order to evaluate the effects of the ceramic binder and of the synthetic oil on the inter-strand resistance, measurements of samples extracted from coils were compared with measurements of cable stacks with varying characteristics. In this paper we describe the apparatus, the sample preparation, the measurement procedure, and the results of the first series of tests. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CABLES
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13867254; Ambrosio, G. 1 Barzi, E. 1 Chichili, D. 1 Elementi, L. 1 Zlobin, A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia, IL, 60510, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p828; Subject Term: CABLES; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332618 Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332619 Other fabricated wire product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774648
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867254&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trillaud, F.
AU  - Caruso, A.
AU  - Barrow, J.
AU  - Trociewitz, B.
AU  - Trociewitz, U. P.
AU  - Weijers, H. W.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
T1  - Normal Zone Generation and Propagation in YBa2Cu3O7-δ Coated Conductors Initialized by Localized, Pulsed Disturbances.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 852
EP  - 859
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Normal zone generation and propagation measurements were conducted on Ag-coated YBa2Cu3O7-δ/Ni-alloy coated conductors. The samples were conduction cooled by a cryocooler in a vacuum, establishing nearly adiabatic conditions. A NiCr wire heater was pulsed to generate a localized normal region allowing measurements of quench energies, at which the normal zone propagates. The normal zone propagation velocities are also reported. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - INDUSTRIAL arts
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13867251; Trillaud, F. 1,2 Caruso, A. 1,3 Barrow, J. 1,3 Trociewitz, B. 1 Trociewitz, U. P. Weijers, H. W. 1 Schwartz, J. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., 32310 Tallahassee, FL  2: CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p852; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL arts; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774651
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867251&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, M. A.
AU  - Demko, J. A.
AU  - Duckworth, R. C.
AU  - Lue, J. W.
AU  - Gouge, M. J.
AU  - Pace, M. O.
T1  - Burnout Test of First- and Second-Generation HTS Tapes in Liquid-Nitrogen Bath Cooling.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 860
EP  - 870
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A series of BSCCO-2223 and YBCO tapes were subjected to burnout tests in a liquid-nitrogen bath to observe operational stability limits when different layers of dielectric tape are added to the sample surface. In this study, the BSCCO tapes were composed of a silver/alloy sheath with nickel/copper plating, while the YBCO tapes had a 50-μm layer of copper attached to the silver surface. After attaching the tapes to a thermally insulated G-10 holder, the stability of the tapes was found by applying current greater than the critical current and holding it constant for up to 1 min. If the sample voltage increased rapidly during this period, the tape was considered unstable at this current. This was repeated at different layers of Cryoflex™, and the results were compared to a numerical simulation of the energy balance equation. This simulation was also utilized to investigate the effect of the layers on the stability limit and estimate the thermal conductivity of the Cryoflex™. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13867250; Young, M. A. 1 Demko, J. A. 2 Duckworth, R. C. 2 Lue, J. W. 2 Gouge, M. J. 2 Pace, M. O. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee 30119, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p860; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774652
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867250&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sauers, I.
AU  - James, D. R.
AU  - Pace, M. O.
AU  - Ellis, A. R.
AU  - Muller, A. C.
T1  - High Voltage Breakdown, Partial Discharge and Aging in Lapped Tape Insulated Cold Dielectric Model Cables.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 889
EP  - 895
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - High temperature superconducting (HTS) power cables generally follow either of two generic designs, cold dielectric and warm dielectric. In the cold dielectric design, lapped tape insulation and liquid nitrogen are used in combination to provide the electrical insulation between the conductor and the ground shield of an HTS cable. Lapped tape insulated model cables have been tested at high voltage, including AC breakdown, negative impulse breakdown, partial discharge, and long term aging under AC stress. Tapes tested include Cryoflex™ (a proprietary tape developed by Southwire) and PPLP® (a commercial semi synthetic tape). Two high voltage cryostats have been built for short and long term aging studies that permit testing of model cables under the combined conditions of high electric stress, cryogenic temperature and elevated pressures up to 15 bar. For the aging studies, a log-log plot of electric stress versus time-to-breakdown has yielded an estimate of cable lifetime. Since aging at cryogenic temperatures is not expected to have a thermal cause, dielectric wear in HTS cables reduces to partial discharge as the primary aging mechanism. Phase and amplitude resolved partial discharge data of model cables in liquid nitrogen will be presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH voltages
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13867247; Sauers, I. 1 James, D. R. 1 Pace, M. O. 1 Ellis, A. R. 1 Muller, A. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831 USA  2: Ultera - A Southwire / nktcables Joint Venture Carrollton, Georgia, 30119 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p889; Subject Term: HIGH voltages; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774655
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867247&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markiewicz, W. D.
AU  - Dixon, I. R.
AU  - Painter, T. A.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Stability Design and Performance of a 900 MHz Wide Bore Magnet.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/09/
VL  - 711
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 921
EP  - 927
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The 900 MHz wide bore NMR magnet under construction at the NHMFL has been tested in a bucket cryostat at 4 K and at reduced temperature. The magnet is an example of a very large, epoxy impregnated, high current density design with stored energy of 40 MJ. Stability of the magnet was taken into account in the design, including interface materials between coils and coil forms, the development of a tough crack free epoxy, and the implementation of a free supported lead design. Nevertheless, the performance of the magnet has been limited by what appears to be classical stability considerations. The magnet is extensively instrumented with voltage taps and a considerable amount of data was obtained during ramping of the magnet. The data reveals voltage spikes associated with several different locations in the coil set, including the long solenoids and the compensation coils. There is a degree of regularity displayed by the data, allowing some interpretation of mechanisms, and providing information for future designs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13867243; Markiewicz, W. D. 1 Dixon, I. R. 1 Painter, T. A. 1 Balachandran, U.; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 711 Issue 1, p921; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774659
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867243&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rollett, A. D.
AU  - Saylor, D.
AU  - Fridy, J.
AU  - El-Dasher, B. S.
AU  - Brahme, A.
AU  - Lee, S.-B.
AU  - Cornwell, C.
AU  - Noack, R.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J.C.
AU  - Lee, J.K.
T1  - Modeling Polycrystalline Microstructures in 3D.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 77
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Many issues in forming are influenced to some degree by the internal structure of the material which is commonly referred to by the materials science community as microstructure. Although the term microstructure is commonly only thought of in the context of grain size, it more properly encompasses all relevant aspects of internal material structure. For the purposes of forming, the most relevant features are the crystallographic orientations of the grains (“texture”) and the locations of the grain boundaries, or, equivalently, the size, topology and shape of the grains. In order to perform realistic simulations one needs to specify the initial state of the material, e.g. on a finite element mesh, with sufficient detail that all these features are reproduced. Measuring microstructure at the scale of individual grains is possible in the synchrotron but scarcely practicable for an analyst. Cross-sections or surfaces are easily evaluated through automated diffraction in the scanning electron microscope (SEM), however. Therefore this paper describes a set of methods for generating statistically representative 3D microstructures based on microscopy input for both single-phase and two-phase materials. Examples are given of application of the technique for generating input structures for recrystallization simulation, dynamic deformation and finite element modeling. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - MICROSCOPES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - TOPOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13720613; Rollett, A. D. 1 Saylor, D. 1 Fridy, J. 2 El-Dasher, B. S. 3 Brahme, A. 1 Lee, S.-B. 1 Cornwell, C. 4 Noack, R. 5 Ghosh, S. Castro, J.C. Lee, J.K.; Affiliation:  1: Carnegie Mellon University  2: Alcoa Technical Center  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  4: High Performance Technologies Inc.  5: University of Alabama at Birmingham; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p71; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: MICROSCOPES; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766503
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720613&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiesa, Michael L.
AU  - Brown, Arthur A.
AU  - Antoun, Bonnie R.
AU  - Ostien, Jakob T.
AU  - Regueiro, Richard A.
AU  - Bammann, Douglas J.
AU  - Yang, Nancy Y.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J. C.
AU  - Lee, J. K.
T1  - Prediction of Final Material State in Multi-Stage Forging Processes.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 510
EP  - 515
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Multi-stage forging processes are used to manufacture reservoirs for high pressure hydrogen and tritium storage. The warm-forging process is required to produce required macro and microscale forged material properties of 304 and 21-6-9 stainless steel. Strict requirements on the forged material strength, grain size and grain flow are necessitated to inhibit the diffusion of gas which inevitably leads to material embrittlement. Accurate prediction of the final material state requires modeling of each of the forging stages and tracking the material state evolution through each deformation and reheating stage. An internal state variable constitutive model, capable of predicting the high strain rate, temperature dependent material behavior, is developed to predict final material strength and microstructure. History dependent, internal state variables are used to model the isotropic and kinematic hardening, grain size and recrystallization. Numerical methodologies were developed to track and remap material state from one forging stage analysis to the next including the effects of relaxation during reheating. Multi-stage, uniaxial, compression tests were performed over a range of temperatures, strain rates, and strains to validate the constitutive model and methodology. Tensile specimens were taken from several forgings and compared to model predictions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORGING
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - HIGH pressure (Technology)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 13720540; Chiesa, Michael L. 1 Brown, Arthur A. 1 Antoun, Bonnie R. 1 Ostien, Jakob T. 1 Regueiro, Richard A. 1 Bammann, Douglas J. 1 Yang, Nancy Y. 1 Ghosh, S. Castro, J. C. Lee, J. K.; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p510; Subject Term: FORGING; Subject Term: RESERVOIRS; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Technology); Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332112 Nonferrous Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332113 Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332111 Iron and Steel Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766576
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720540&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moono Rhee
AU  - Wang, Paul
AU  - Ming Li
AU  - Becker, Richard
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J. C.
AU  - Lee, J. K.
T1  - Validation of a 3-D, Thermo-Mechanically Coupled Model for Multi-Pass Rolling in a Reversing Mill.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 516
EP  - 521
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A three dimensional numerical model simulating multi-pass, hot rolling on a reversing mill has been developed to analyze deformation patterns and shape changes of a rolled ingot. Validation simulations through 15 passes with an 86% reduction have been performed using the thermo-mechanically coupled model to track the evolution of the deformed ingot geometry. The heat transfer coefficient for thermal conduction between the rolls and slab has been estimated in accordance with experimental data, and heat transfer to the air and coolant outside of the roll bite is included. A hyperbolic sine model using the Zener-Hollomon parameter is used to capture the temperature and strain rate dependence of the aluminum alloy. A Coulomb friction model with a flow strength dependent maximum limit on the interfacial shear stress was employed between the rolls and ingot. Results of validation simulations and comparisons with experiments focusing on the ingot shape evolution are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ROLLING (Metalwork)
KW  - INGOTS
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - HYPERBOLIC geometry
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - COULOMB functions
N1  - Accession Number: 13720539; Moono Rhee 1 Wang, Paul 2 Ming Li 2 Becker, Richard 1 Ghosh, S. Castro, J. C. Lee, J. K.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA  2: Alcoa Technical Center, Alcoa Center, PA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p516; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ROLLING (Metalwork); Subject Term: INGOTS; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: HYPERBOLIC geometry; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331491 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766577
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720539&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corona, Edmundo
AU  - Eisenhour, Travis
AU  - Shengjun Yin
AU  - Mason, Jim J.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J. C.
AU  - Lee, J. K.
T1  - Wall Curl in Bending of Laminated Steel.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 964
EP  - 969
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Laminated steel sheets consist of thin visco-elastic polymer layers sandwiched between sheets of steel and are used primarily in products where sound and vibration need to be damped. Although laminated steel products have been successfully manufactured by stamping, these parts are relatively flat. Problems arise, however, when using the material in bending operations. The main problem is the fact that the sheets develop curl after bending. This has prevented the use of laminated steel in mass-production settings. This investigation concentrates on the study of the bending characteristics of laminated steel in a wiping die configuration. Experiments have been conducted in a specially designed wiping set-up to assess the curl and springback characteristics of the laminated sheet. In addition, a finite element model has been developed to simulate the experiments. The predicted bent shapes of the specimens are very close to the experimental results. The numerical model has also been used to conduct parametric studies of the dependence of the final shape of laminated steel on geometric and material parameters. Both experimental and numerical results indicate that wall curling is characteristic of laminated steel and depends on the thickness of the sheet and the properties of the polymer layer. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEEL
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - SOUNDS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - METAL stamping
N1  - Accession Number: 13720465; Corona, Edmundo 1 Eisenhour, Travis 1 Shengjun Yin 2 Mason, Jim J. 1 Ghosh, S. Castro, J. C. Lee, J. K.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p964; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: SOUNDS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: METAL stamping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332118 Stamping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332119 Metal Crown, Closure, and Other Metal Stamping (except Automotive); NAICS/Industry Codes: 512290 Other Sound Recording Industries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766652
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720465&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martukanitz, R. P.
AU  - Babu, S. S.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J.C.
AU  - Lee, J.K.
T1  - Development of Advanced Coatings for Laser Modifications Through Process and Materials Simulation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1539
EP  - 1546
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A simulation-based system is currently being constructed to aid in the development of advanced coating systems for laser cladding and surface alloying. The system employs loosely coupled material and process models that allow rapid determination of material compatibility over a wide range of processing conditions. The primary emphasis is on the development and identification of composite coatings for improved wear and corrosion resistance. The material model utilizes computational thermodynamics and kinetic analysis to establish phase stability and extent of diffusional reactions that may result from the thermal response of the material during virtual processing. The process model is used to develop accurate thermal histories associated with the laser surface modification process and provides critical input for the non-isothermal materials simulations. These techniques were utilized to design a laser surface modification experiment that utilized the addition of stainless steel alloy 431 and TiC produced using argon and argon and nitrogen shielding. The deposits representing alloy 431 and TiC powder produced in argon resulted in microstructures retaining some TiC particles and an increase in hardness when compared to deposits produced using only the 431 powder. Laser deposits representing alloy 431 and TiC powder produced with a mixture of argon and nitrogen shielding gas resulted in microstructures retaining some TiC particles, as well as fine precipitates of Ti(CN) formed during cooling and a further increase in hardness of the deposit. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 13720371; Martukanitz, R. P. 1 Babu, S. S. 2 Ghosh, S. Castro, J.C. Lee, J.K.; Affiliation:  1: Applied Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, State College, P.A. 16803  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Joining Group, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6096; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p1539; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766747
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720371&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bobaru, Florin
AU  - Silling, Stewart A.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J.C.
AU  - Lee, J.K.
T1  - Peridynamic 3D models of nanofiber networks and carbon nanotube-reinforced composites.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1565
EP  - 1570
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Here we employ a reformulation of the continuum mechanics theory, the peridynamic formulation (PF) in an integral form that, at the discretized level, resembles molecular dynamics (MD). The peridynamic theory is based on a continuum formulation and can capture nucleation and propagation of defects and discontinuities without ad-hoc assumptions or special treatments needed by classical continuum theory. We analyze nanofiber networks and CNT-reinforced polymer composites. We treat all crossovers contacts between fibers as perfect bonds. The use of repulsive short-range forces eliminates the need for complex contact detection algorithms. We generate the fibers as 3D curves with random orientation, with or without preferred directionality. We use an object-oriented code written in Fortran 90/95 to define the geometrical entities. The PF can capture the deformation and complex fracture behavior in fully 3D dynamic simulations. van der Waals forces are included in these calculations. The strength of the bonds between the polymer chains and the CNTs, as well as among the chains, is controllable. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Research
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - MATERIALS -- Analysis
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
N1  - Accession Number: 13720366; Bobaru, Florin 1 Silling, Stewart A. 2 Ghosh, S. Castro, J.C. Lee, J.K.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering Mechanics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-526  2: Computational Physics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0820; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p1565; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Research; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Analysis; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766752
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720366&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barton, Nathan R.
AU  - Benson, David J.
AU  - Becker, Richard
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J.C.
AU  - Lee, J.K.
T1  - Crystal level simulations using Eulerian finite element methods.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1624
EP  - 1629
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Over the last several years, significant progress has been made in the use of crystal level material models in simulations of forming operations. However, in Lagrangian finite element approaches simulation capabilities are limited in many cases by mesh distortion associated with deformation heterogeneity. Contexts in which such large distortions arise include: bulk deformation to strains approaching or exceeding unity, especially in highly anisotropic or multiphase materials; shear band formation and intersection of shear bands; and indentation with sharp indenters. Investigators have in the past used Eulerian finite element methods with material response determined from crystal aggregates to study steady state forming processes. However, Eulerian and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) finite element methods have not been widely utilized for simulation of transient deformation processes at the crystal level. The advection schemes used in Eulerian and ALE codes control mesh distortion and allow for simulation of much larger total deformations. We will discuss material state representation issues related to advection and will present results from ALE simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MATERIALS -- Research
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - MATERIALS -- Analysis
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13720356; Barton, Nathan R. 1 Benson, David J. 1 Becker, Richard 2 Ghosh, S. Castro, J.C. Lee, J.K.; Affiliation:  1: University of California, San Diego, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-228, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p1624; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Research; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Analysis; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766762
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720356&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray III, G. T.
AU  - Cerreta, E.
AU  - Shuh Rong Chen
AU  - Maudlin, P. J.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J.C.
AU  - Lee, J.K.
T1  - Influence of Deformation Mechanisms on the Mechanical Behavior of Metals and Alloys: Experiments, Constitutive Modeling, and Validation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1693
EP  - 1693
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Jim Williams has made seminal contributions to the field of structure / property relations and its controlling effects on the mechanical behavior of metals and alloys. This talk will discuss experimental results illustrating the role of interstitial content, grain size, texture, temperature, and strain rate on the operative deformation mechanisms, mechanical behavior, and substructure evolution in titanium, zirconium, hafnium, and rhenium. Increasing grain size is shown to significantly decrease the dynamic flow strength of Ti and Zr while increasing work-hardening rates due to an increased incidence of deformation twinning. Increasing oxygen interstitial content is shown to significantly alter both the constitutive response and α-ω shock-induced phase transition in Zr. The influence of crystallographic texture on the mechanical behavior in Ti, Zr, and Hf is discussed in terms of slip system and deformation twinning activity. An example of the utility of incorporation of operative deformation mechanisms into a polycrystalline plasticity constitutive model and validation using Taylor cylinder impact testing is presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - MATERIALS -- Research
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 13720345; Gray III, G. T. 1 Cerreta, E. 1 Shuh Rong Chen 1 Maudlin, P. J. 1 Ghosh, S. Castro, J.C. Lee, J.K.; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p1693; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Research; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766773
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720345&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arsenlis, Athanasions
AU  - Becker, Richard
AU  - Parks, David M.
AU  - Bulatov, Vasily V.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J.C.
AU  - Lee, J.K.
T1  - Including Dislocation Flux in a Continuum Crystal Plasticity Model to Produce Size Scale Effects.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1742
EP  - 1747
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A novel model has been developed to capture size scale and gradient effects within the context of continuum crystal plasticity by explicitly incorporating details of dislocation transport, coupling dislocation transport to slip, evolving spatial distributions of dislocations consistent with the flux, and capturing the interactions among various dislocation populations. Dislocation flux and density are treated as nodal degrees of freedom in the finite element model, and they are determined as part of the global system of equations. The creation, annihilation and flux of dislocations between elements are related by transport equations. Crystallographic slip is coupled to the dislocation flux and the stress state. The resultant gradients in dislocation density and local lattice rotations are analyzed for geometrically necessary and statistically stored dislocation contents that contribute to strength and hardening. Grain boundaries are treated as surfaces where dislocation flux is restricted depending on the relative orientations of the neighboring grains. Numerical results show different behavior near free surfaces and non-deforming surfaces resulting from differing levels of dislocation transmission. Simulations also show development of dislocation pile-ups at grain boundaries and an increase in flow strength reminiscent of the Hall-Petch model. The dislocation patterns have a characteristic size independent of the numerical discretization. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - MATERIALS -- Research
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - MATERIALS -- Analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13720335; Arsenlis, Athanasions 1 Becker, Richard 1 Parks, David M. 2 Bulatov, Vasily V. 1 Ghosh, S. Castro, J.C. Lee, J.K.; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p1742; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Research; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Analysis; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766783
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720335&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lebensohn, Ricardo A.
AU  - Maudlin, Paul J.
AU  - Tomé, Carlos N.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J.C.
AU  - Lee, J.K.
T1  - Viscoplastic Selfconsistent Modelling of the Anisotropic Behavior of Voided Polycrystals.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1771
EP  - 1776
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this work we consider the presence of ellipsoidal voids inside polycrystals submitted to large strain deformation. For this purpose, the originally incompressible viscoplastic selfconsistent (VPSC) formulation has been extended to deal with compressible polycrystals. Such an extended model allows us to account for porosity evolution in voided polycrystals, while preserving the anisotropy and crystallographic capabilities of the VPSC formulation. We present several applications of this extended VPSC model, which address the coupling between texture, plastic anisotropy, void shape, triaxiality, and porosity evolution. We also discuss the implementation of a multiscale calculation using the present compressible VPSC as constitutive routine inside dynamic FEM codes, for the simulation of deformation processes in which both anisotropy and cavitation become relevant aspects of microstructural evolution. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VISCOPLASTICITY
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - MATERIALS -- Research
N1  - Accession Number: 13720330; Lebensohn, Ricardo A. 1 Maudlin, Paul J. 1 Tomé, Carlos N. 1 Ghosh, S. Castro, J.C. Lee, J.K.; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p1771; Subject Term: VISCOPLASTICITY; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Research; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766788
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720330&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiesa, Michael L.
AU  - Jones, Reese E.
AU  - Perano, Kenneth J.
AU  - Kolda, Tamara J.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
AU  - Castro, J.C.
AU  - Lee, J.K.
T1  - Parallel Optimization of Forging Processes for Optimal Material Properties.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 712
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 2080
EP  - 2084
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Validated, internal state variable constitutive models are developed to model the complex multi-stage forging process and predict the final forging strength and microstructure. Optimization methodologies are then used on a high performance, parallel computer to design the forging dies and temperatures that would meet minimum and maximum strength requirements and result in maximum strength uniformity. Each node on the parallel computer solves a unique finite element simulation including parametric meshing, post-processing and metric determination. Nine shape parameters and one process parameter (temperature) are optimized to reduce strength non-uniformity. The final process design, based on over 360 finite element simulations, meets all material requirements and results in a near uniform strength part. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORGING
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - DIES (Metalworking)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 13720658; Chiesa, Michael L. 1 Jones, Reese E. 2 Perano, Kenneth J. 3 Kolda, Tamara J. 4 Ghosh, S. Castro, J.C. Lee, J.K.; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Engineering Mechanics Modelling and Simulation Department, MS9042, PO Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Science Based Materials Modelling Department, MS9405, PO Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Advanced Software R&D Department, MS9915, PO Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational sciences and Mathematics Research Department, MS9217, PO Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 712 Issue 1, p2080; Subject Term: FORGING; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: DIES (Metalworking); Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333514 Special Die and Tool, Die Set, Jig, and Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332113 Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332111 Iron and Steel Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332112 Nonferrous Forging; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766841
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720658&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rotthaus, Olaf
AU  - Le Roy, Sophie
AU  - Tomas, Alain
AU  - Barkigia, Kathleen M.
AU  - Artaud, Isabelle
T1  - Synthesis, structure and catalytic activity of low-spin dicyano iron(III) complexes of <f>N,N′</f>-bis(quinolyl)malonamide derivatives
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 357
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2211
EP  - 2217
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Two low-spin Fe(III) dicyano-dicarboxamido complexes have been prepared from <f>N,N′</f>-bis(8-quinolyl)malonamide derivatives. Crystal structures show that the four nitrogen donors available to complex the metal are arranged in the equatorial plane with the two cyanides trans to each other in the axial positions when the malonyl moiety is disubstituted. In contrast, the unsubstituted malonyl results in only three nitrogens in the equatorial plane with the fourth in an apical position and the two cyanides occupying cis sites, one equatorial and the other axial. NMR analyses show that the solid state structure of both complexes is retained in solution. Both types of configurational complexes catalyze cyclic olefin oxidations with H2O2 but only the cis-dicyano complex catalyzes stilbene oxidation with formation of epoxides, diols and benzaldehyde. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEX compounds -- Synthesis
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - BENZALDEHYDE
KW  - <f>N,N′</f>-bis(8-quinolyl)malonamide
KW  - Iron(III) complex
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Stilbene
N1  - Accession Number: 13244450; Rotthaus, Olaf 1 Le Roy, Sophie 1 Tomas, Alain 2 Barkigia, Kathleen M. 3 Artaud, Isabelle 1; Email Address: isabelle.artaud@univ-paris5.fr; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Toxicologiques et Pharmacologiques, Université René Descartes, Univ Paris 5, UMR8601, 45 rue des Sts Pères, 75270 Paris cedex 06, France  2: Laboratoire de Cristallographie et de RMN biologiques, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 8015, 4 rue de l’Observatoire, 75270 Paris cedex 06, France  3: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 357 Issue 8, p2211; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds -- Synthesis; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: BENZALDEHYDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>N,N′</f>-bis(8-quinolyl)malonamide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron(III) complex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stilbene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ica.2004.01.019
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13244450&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Halpern, M. B.
AU  - Helfgott, C.
T1  - TWISTED OPEN STRINGS FROM CLOSED STRINGS:: THE WZW ORIENTATION ORBIFOLDS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 19
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2233
EP  - 2292
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Including world-sheet orientation-reversing automorphismsĥσ∈H- in the orbifold program, we construct the operator algebras and twisted KZ systems of the general WZW orientation orbifoldAg(H-)/H-. We find that the orientation-orbifold sectors corresponding to each ĥσ∈H- are twisted open WZW strings, whose properties are quite distinct from conventional open-string orientifold sectors. As simple illustrations, we also discuss the classical (high-level) limit of our construction and free-boson examples on Abelian g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOMORPHISMS
KW  - GROUP theory
KW  - HOPFIAN groups
KW  - TOPOLOGICAL algebras
KW  - OPERATOR algebras
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Conformal field theory
KW  - orbifolds
KW  - string theory
KW  - string theory.
N1  - Accession Number: 13699960; Halpern, M. B. 1; Email Address: halpern@physics.berkeley.edu Helfgott, C. 1; Email Address: helfgott@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California and Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 6/10/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 14, p2233; Subject Term: AUTOMORPHISMS; Subject Term: GROUP theory; Subject Term: HOPFIAN groups; Subject Term: TOPOLOGICAL algebras; Subject Term: OPERATOR algebras; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conformal field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: orbifolds; Author-Supplied Keyword: string theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: string theory.; Number of Pages: 60p; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13699960&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kirchner, Barbara
AU  - Hutter, Jürg
AU  - Kuo, I-Feng W.
AU  - Mundy, Christopher J.
T1  - HYDROPHOBIC HYDRATION FROM CAR–PARRINELLO SIMULATIONS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 18
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1951
EP  - 1962
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - In this work we investigate the fast anomalous diffusion of hydrogen molecules in water using Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations. We employ Voronoi polyhedra analysis to distinguish between void diffusion and void hopping. Our results indicate that a combination of both mechanism is sufficient to explain anomalous diffusion. Furthermore, we investigate the geometrical and electronical structure of the first solvation shell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - POLYHEDRA
KW  - SOLID geometry
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics
KW  - Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics
KW  - diffusion of hydrophobic particles
KW  - Hydrophobic hydration
KW  - simulations
KW  - water
KW  - water.
N1  - Accession Number: 14173748; Kirchner, Barbara 1 Hutter, Jürg 2 Kuo, I-Feng W. 3 Mundy, Christopher J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Theoretisches und Physikalisch- Chemisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Wegelerstr. 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.  2: Physikalisch- Chemisches Institute, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland .  3: Computational Chemical Biology, Chemistry and Material Science, L-091, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 6/10/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 14, p1951; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: POLYHEDRA; Subject Term: SOLID geometry; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion of hydrophobic particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrophobic hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: water; Author-Supplied Keyword: water.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14173748&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Le Maître, O.P.
AU  - Knio, O.M.
AU  - Najm, H.N.
AU  - Ghanem, R.G.
T1  - Uncertainty propagation using Wiener–Haar expansions
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 197
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
EP  - 57
SN  - 00219991
AB  - An uncertainty quantification scheme is constructed based on generalized Polynomial Chaos (PC) representations. Two such representations are considered, based on the orthogonal projection of uncertain data and solution variables using either a Haar or a Legendre basis. Governing equations for the unknown coefficients in the resulting representations are derived using a Galerkin procedure and then integrated in order to determine the behavior of the stochastic process. The schemes are applied to a model problem involving a simplified dynamical system and to the classical problem of Rayleigh–Bénard instability. For situations involving random parameters close to a critical point, the computational implementations show that the Wiener–Haar (WHa) representation provides more robust predictions that those based on a Wiener–Legendre (WLe) decomposition. However, when the solution depends smoothly on the random data, the WLe scheme exhibits superior convergence. Suggestions regarding future extensions are finally drawn based on these experiences. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVELETS (Mathematics)
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - Polynomial Chaos
KW  - Stochastic process
KW  - Uncertainty quantification
KW  - Wavelets
N1  - Accession Number: 13105997; Le Maître, O.P. 1; Email Address: olm@iup.univ-evry.fr Knio, O.M. 2; Email Address: knio@jhu.edu Najm, H.N. 3; Email Address: hnnajm@ca.sandia.gov Ghanem, R.G. 4; Email Address: ghanem@jhu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Centre d'Etudes de Mécanique d'Ile de France, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, 91020 Evry, France  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  3: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Department of Civil Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 197 Issue 1, p28; Subject Term: WAVELETS (Mathematics); Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polynomial Chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty quantification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wavelets; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.11.033
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13105997&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carter, John H.
AU  - Louck, James D.
T1  - Magic squares: symmetry and combinatorics.
JO  - Molecular Physics
JF  - Molecular Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 102
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1243
EP  - 1267
SN  - 00268976
AB  - Doubly stochastic, magic square, and alternating sign matrices are matrices of order n over the set of real positive numbers R+, the set the nonnegative numbers N, and the set A of integers (-1, 0, 1), respectively, having fixed row and columns sums of 1, an arbitrary positive integer N, and 1. Each can be expressed as a sum over permutation matrices of order n with coefficients that belong to R+, to the positive integers P, and to A, respectively. Mathematically, these objects are basic in combinatorics: physically, they arise in several contexts that are briefly reviewed. Little has been developed on their expansions in terms of permutation matrices, and little is known about counting formulas for them, except for alternating sign matrices where a closed formula for arbitrary in was recently obtained through the work of Zeilberger. Expansions of these matrices in terms of permutation matrices can be used to investigate and develop their properties. Such an expansion is called a representation of the magic square. Representations are, however, not unique, and the problem arises of enumerating the number of distinct representations of one and the same magic square. The present investigation addresses this problem in the context of primitive magic squares, which are defined as the class of magic squares of order n having a unique representation in which each permutation matrix occurs exactly once in the expansion, and such that this uniqueness is destroyed by the addition of another permutation matrix not already in the representation, a property called completeness. The set of primitive magic squares has a rich structure that is invariant under the action of a group G that is isomorphic to the dihedral group. The group G is definitive in unveiling the general structure of primitive magic squares by providing a complete labeling scheme that utilizes the (n-4)-fold direct product group of G and a binary tree that specifies a path that shows how the elements in the direct product group are to be selected. Based on this structure, a recurrence relation is derived that generates al inequivalent  primitive magic squares. The recurrence relation itself shows a hidden structure of more basic magic squares, called universal kernels, that underlie the structural form of all primitive magic squares. The recurrence relation for primitive magic squares is thus shifted to a recurrence relation for the universal kernels that is simpler in form, which is also derived. These recurrence relations produce one and the same primitive magic square in multiple ways, and the sorting out of the distinct magic squares thus generated remains a problem that is not yet solved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGIC squares
KW  - NUMBER theory
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
KW  - ABSTRACT algebra
N1  - Accession Number: 14955649; Carter, John H. 1 Louck, James D. 1; Email Address: jimlouck@aol.com; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 6/10/2004, Vol. 102 Issue 11/12, p1243; Subject Term: MAGIC squares; Subject Term: NUMBER theory; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Subject Term: ABSTRACT algebra; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00268970410001725774
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abazov, V.M.
AU  - Abbott, B.
AU  - Abdesselam, A.
AU  - Abolins, M.
AU  - Abramov, V.
AU  - Acharya, B.S.
AU  - Adams, D.L.
AU  - Adams, M.
AU  - Ahmed, S.N.
AU  - Alexeev, G.D.
AU  - Alton, A.
AU  - Alves, G.A.
AU  - Arnoud, Y.
AU  - Avila, C.
AU  - Babintsev, V.V.
AU  - Babukhadia, L.
AU  - Bacon, T.C.
AU  - Baden, A.
AU  - Baffioni, S.
AU  - Baldin, B.
T1  - A precision measurement of the mass of the top quark.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6992
M3  - Article
SP  - 638
EP  - 642
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The standard model of particle physics contains parameters-such as particle masses-whose origins are still unknown and which cannot be predicted, but whose values are constrained through their interactions. In particular, the masses of the top quark (Mt) and W boson (MW) constrain the mass of the long-hypothesized, but thus far not observed, Higgs boson. A precise measurement of Mt can therefore indicate where to look for the Higgs, and indeed whether the hypothesis of a standard model Higgs is consistent with experimental data. As top quarks are produced in pairs and decay in only about 10-24?s into various final states, reconstructing their masses from their decay products is very challenging. Here we report a technique that extracts more information from each top-quark event and yields a greatly improved precision (of ± 5.3?GeV/c2) when compared to previous measurements. When our new result is combined with our published measurement in a complementary decay mode and with the only other measurements available, the new world average for Mt becomes 178.0 ± 4.3?GeV/c2. As a result, the most likely Higgs mass increases from the experimentally excluded value of 96 to 117?GeV/c2, which is beyond current experimental sensitivity. The upper limit on the Higgs mass at the 95% confidence level is raised from 219 to 251?GeV/c2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13396708; Abazov, V.M. 1 Abbott, B. 2 Abdesselam, A. 3 Abolins, M. 4 Abramov, V. 5 Acharya, B.S. 6 Adams, D.L. 7 Adams, M. 8 Ahmed, S.N. 9 Alexeev, G.D. 1 Alton, A. 10 Alves, G.A. 11 Arnoud, Y. 12 Avila, C. 13 Babintsev, V.V. 5 Babukhadia, L. 14 Bacon, T.C. 15 Baden, A. Baffioni, S. Baldin, B.; Affiliation:  1: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, PO Box 79, 141980 Dubna, Russia  2: University of Oklahoma, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA  3: Laboratoire de l'Accéléteur Linéaire, IN2PR-CNRS, BP 34, Batiment 200, F-91898 Orsay, France  4: Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA  5: Institute for High Energy Physics, 142284 Protvino, Russia  6: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, School of Natural Sciences, Homi Bhabha Rd, Mumbai 400005, India  7: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Department, Bldg 510C, Upton, New York 11973, USA  8: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Physics, 845 W. Taylor, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA  9: University of Nijmegen/NIKHEF, PO Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands  10: University of Michigan, Department of Physics, 500 E. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA  11: LAFEX, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rua Dr Xavier Sigaud, 150, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  12: Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, IN2P3-CNRS, Université de Grenoble 1,53 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38026 Grenoble, France  13: Universidad de los Andes, Department de Fisica, HEP Group, Apartado Aereo 4976, Bogotá, Colombia  14: State University of New York, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA  15: Imperial College London, Department of Physics, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, UK; Source Info: 6/10/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6992, p638; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MASS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02589
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Achermann, Marc
AU  - Petruska, Melissa A.
AU  - Kos, Simon
AU  - Smith, Darryl L.
AU  - Koleske, Daniel D.
AU  - Klimov, Victor I.
T1  - Energy-transfer pumping of semiconductor nanocrystals using an epitaxial quantum well.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/10/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6992
M3  - Article
SP  - 642
EP  - 646
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - As a result of quantum-confinement effects, the emission colour of semiconductor nanocrystals can be modified dramatically by simply changing their size. Such spectral tunability, together with large photoluminescence quantum yields and high photostability, make nanocrystals attractive for use in a variety of light-emitting technologies-for example, displays, fluorescence tagging, solid-state lighting and lasers. An important limitation for such applications, however, is the difficulty of achieving electrical pumping, largely due to the presence of an insulating organic capping layer on the nanocrystals. Here, we describe an approach for indirect injection of electron-hole pairs (the electron-hole radiative recombination gives rise to light emission) into nanocrystals by non-contact, non-radiative energy transfer from a proximal quantum well that can in principle be pumped either electrically or optically. Our theoretical and experimental results indicate that this transfer is fast enough to compete with electron-hole recombination in the quantum well, and results in greater than 50 per cent energy-transfer efficiencies in the tested structures. Furthermore, the measured energy-transfer rates are sufficiently large to provide pumping in the stimulated emission regime, indicating the feasibility of nanocrystal-based optical amplifiers and lasers based on this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - POTENTIAL theory (Physics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
N1  - Accession Number: 13396712; Achermann, Marc 1; Email Address: achermann@lanl.gov Petruska, Melissa A. 1 Kos, Simon 1 Smith, Darryl L. 1 Koleske, Daniel D. 2 Klimov, Victor I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA; Source Info: 6/10/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6992, p642; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: POTENTIAL theory (Physics); Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02571
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, Krishnan
T1  - Group theoretical analysis of vibrational modes and rovibronic levels of extended aromatic C48N12 azafullerene
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 391
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 64
EP  - 68
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We have presented a group theoretical analysis of the vibrational normal modes and rovibronic levels of a novel extended aromatic C48N12 azafullerene. We have also predicted the properties of the 3Au, 3Eg, and 3Eu excited states of C48N12 that lie 1.9 eV above the 1Ag ground state, and that the 3Eg and 3Eu states would undergo Jahn–Teller distortion into chiral structures with no symmetry and an achiral structure with Ci symmetry. The correlation of the rovibronic and rotational levels and their relation to the parent Ih symmetry are presented through induced and subduced representations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - SYMMETRY
KW  - ANNULENES
N1  - Accession Number: 13236923; Balasubramanian, Krishnan 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing, University of California Davis, L-794, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Glenn T Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 391 Issue 1-3, p64; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Subject Term: ANNULENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.087
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Nuclear spin statistics of extended aromatic C48N12 azafullerene
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 391
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 74
SN  - 00092614
AB  - We have presented the nuclear spin statistics of the novel extended aromatic C48N12 azafullerene. The nuclear spin multiplets and statistical weights of 14N spin-1 bosons are provided. In addition, we have also provided the 13C nuclear spin species and spin statistical weights of 13C48N12. The spin statistical weights and spin species show that the presence of 14N nuclei in the aromatic fullerene can provide unique experimental opportunity to investigate the nuclear spin species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - ANNULENES
N1  - Accession Number: 13236924; Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing, University of California Davis, L-794, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Glenn T Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 391 Issue 1-3, p69; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: ANNULENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.086
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13236924&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Posewitz, Matthew C.
AU  - King, Paul W.
AU  - Smolinski, Sharon L.
AU  - Liping Zhang
AU  - Seibert, Michael
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
T1  - Discovery of Two Novel Radical S-Adenosylmethionine Proteins Required for the Assembly of an Active [Fe] Hydrogenase.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 279
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 25711
EP  - 25720
SN  - 00219258
AB  - To identify genes necessary for the photoproduction of H2 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, random insertional mutants were screened for clones unable to produce H2. One of the identified mutants, denoted hydEF-1, is incapable of assembling an active [Fe] hydrogenase. Although the hydEF-1 mutant transcribes both hydrogenase genes and accumulates full-length hydrogenase protein, H2 production activity is not observed. The HydEF protein contains two unique domains that are homologous to two distinct prokaryotic proteins, Hyde and HydF, which are found exclusively in organisms containing [Fe] hydrogenase. In the C. reinhardtii genome, the HydEF gene is adjacent to another hydrogenase-related gene, HydG. All organisms with [Fe] hydrogenase and sequenced genomes contain homologues of HydE, HydF, and HydG, which, prior to this study, were of unknown function. Within several prokaryotic genomes HydE, HydF, and HydG are found in putative operons with [Fe] hydrogenase structural genes. Both HydE and HydG belong to the emerging radical S-adenosylmethionine (commonly designated "Radical SAM") superfamily of proteins. We demonstrate here that HydEF and HydG function in the assembly of [Fe] hydrogenase. Northern blot analysis indicates that mRNA transcripts for both the HydEF gene and the HydG gene are anaerobically induced concomitantly with the two C. reinhardtii [Fe] hydrogenase genes, HydA1 and HydA2. Complementation of the bx;1C. reinhardtii hydEF-1 mutant with genomic DNA corresponding to a functional copy of the HydEF gene restores hydrogenase activity. Moreover, co-expression of the C. reinhardtii HydEF, HydG, and HydA1 genes in Escherichia coli results in the formation of an active HydA1 enzyme. This represents the first report on the nature of the accessory genes required for the maturation of an active [Fe] hydrogenase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - HYDROGENASE
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 13808639; Posewitz, Matthew C. 1,2 King, Paul W. 1 Smolinski, Sharon L. 1 Liping Zhang 1 Seibert, Michael 1 Ghirardi, Maria L. 1; Email Address: maria_ghirardi@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado School of Mines, Colorado  2: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Colorado; Source Info: 6/11/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 24, p25711; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: HYDROGENASE; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: GENES; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 6 Black and White Photographs, 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M403206200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fritz, James S.
T1  - Early milestones in the development of ion-exchange chromatography: a personal account
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 1039
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 12
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Ion chromatography as we know it today was built on a foundation of knowledge accumulated over a period of many years. Here, we review some of the outstanding earlier achievements in ion-exchange chromatography. Beginning about 1947, Spedding and Powell at Iowa State published a series of papers describing practical methods for preparative separation of the rare earths by displacement ion-exchange chromatography. The same group then demonstrated the ion-exchange separation of <F>14N</F> and <F>15N</F> isotopes in ammonia. Beginning in the 1950s, Kraus and Nelson at Oak Ridge published numerous analytical methods for metal ions based on separation of their chloride, fluoride, nitrate or sulfate complexes by anion chromatography. In the period from about 1960 to 1980 many clever chromatographic methods for metal ion separations were reported by researchers throughout the world and automatic in-line detection was gradually introduced. A truly innovative method by Small, Stevens and Bauman at Dow Chemical Co. marked the birth of modern ion chromatography. Anions, as well as cations, could now be separated quickly and conveniently by a system of suppressed conductivity detection. A method for anion chromatography with non-suppressed conductivity detection was published by Gjerde et al. in 1979. This was followed by a similar method for cation chromatography in 1980. Ion chromatography as we know it today did not just happen. It was built on a solid foundation of knowledge that has accumulated over a period of many years. Revisiting the older ion-exchange chromatography serves not only to pay tribute to some remarkable accomplishments, but it can also be a learning experience. Trends and ideas in science tend to run in repeating cycles. Thus, an awareness of older work may provide inspiration for new research using improved contemporary technology. Selection of milestones is a rather personal matter. I chose to write about subjects of which I came to have a firsthand knowledge during my career. The topics selected are in roughly chronological order and cover the period from about 1945 to 1980. An effort has been made to explain the chemical principles as well as to recount the major accomplishments of the various research projects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Ions
KW  - Rare earth metals
KW  - Intermediates (Chemistry)
KW  - Ion chromatography
KW  - Ion-exchange chromatography
KW  - Reviews
N1  - Accession Number: 13101105; Fritz, James S. 1; Email Address: kniss@ameslab.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames Laboratory and US Department of Energy, 332 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 1039 Issue 1/2, p3; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Subject Term: Rare earth metals; Subject Term: Intermediates (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-exchange chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reviews; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.12.068
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13101105&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steiner, Steven A.
AU  - Hooker, Jamie
AU  - Dederich, Joshua
AU  - Scott, Brian
AU  - Fritz, James S.
T1  - Capillary electrophoresis of organic cations at high salt concentrations
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 1039
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 233
SN  - 00219673
AB  - At concentrations of 100 mM or higher the chemical nature of both the cation and anion in the background electrolyte (BGE) can be varied to manipulate the migration times of protonated aniline cations. Significant differences were noted with Li+, Na+ and K+ for capillary electrophoretic runs carried out at pH 3. However, much greater differences in migration times were observed at acidic pH values when the BGE contained protonated cations of aliphatic amines. Analyte migration became progressively slower in the series: methylamine, diethylamine, diethylamino ethanol and triethylamine. A major part of this effect was attributed to an opposing electroosmotic flow (EOF) resulting from a positively-charged coating of the capillary surface with the amine cations in the BGE via a dynamic equilibrium. The amine cations also interact in solution with the analyte ions to reduce their electrophoretic mobilities. Migration times of anilines could be varied systematically over a broad range according to the BGE amine cation selected. Excellent separations of seven closely-related anilines were obtained with the new system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Aromatic amines
KW  - Gel electrophoresis
KW  - Phase partition
KW  - Amines
KW  - Anilines
KW  - Background electrolyte composition
N1  - Accession Number: 13101137; Steiner, Steven A. 1; Hooker, Jamie 1; Dederich, Joshua 1; Scott, Brian 1; Fritz, James S. 2; Email Address: kniss@ameslab.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry and Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin Platteville, Platteville, WI 53818, USA; 2: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Issue Info: Jun2004, Vol. 1039 Issue 1/2, p227; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject Term: Aromatic amines; Subject Term: Gel electrophoresis; Subject Term: Phase partition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anilines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Background electrolyte composition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camarero, Julio A.
AU  - Hackel, Benjamin J.
AU  - de Yoreo, James J.
AU  - Mitchell, Alexander R.
T1  - Fmoc-Based Synthesis of Peptide α-Thioesters Using an Aryl Hydrazine Support.
JO  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 69
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4145
EP  - 4151
SN  - 00223263
AB  - C-Terminal peptide thioesters are key intermediates in the synthesis/semisynthesis of proteins and of cyclic peptides by native chemical ligation. They are prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) or biosynthetically by protein splicing techniques. Until recently, the chemical synthesis of C-terminal α-thioester peptides by SPPS was largely restricted to the use of Boc/Benzyl chemistry due to the poor stability of the thioester bond to the basic conditions required for the deprotection of the Nα-Fmoc group. In the present work, we describe a new method for the SPPS of C-terminal thioesters using Fmoc/t-Bu chemistry. This method is based on the use of an aryl hydrazine linker, which is totally stable to conditions required for Fmoc-SPPS. When the peptide synthesis has been completed, activation of the linker is achieved by mild oxidation. This step converts the acyl hydrazine group into a highly reactive acyl diazene intermediate which reacts with an α-amino acid alkyl thioester (H-AA-SR) to yield the corresponding peptide α-thioester in good yield. This method has been successfully used to prepare a variety of peptide thioesters, cyclic peptides, and a fully functional Src homology 3 (SH3) protein domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDE synthesis
KW  - ESTERS
KW  - HYDRAZINE
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
N1  - Accession Number: 13586121; Camarero, Julio A. 1; Email Address: camarero1@llnl.gov Hackel, Benjamin J. 1 de Yoreo, James J. 1 Mitchell, Alexander R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Biology and Nuclear Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California; Source Info: 6/11/2004, Vol. 69 Issue 12, p4145; Subject Term: PEPTIDE synthesis; Subject Term: ESTERS; Subject Term: HYDRAZINE; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/jo040140h
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ino, Takashi
AU  - Ooi, Motoki
AU  - Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki
AU  - Kasugai, Yoshimi
AU  - Maekawa, Fujio
AU  - Takada, Hiroshi
AU  - Muhrer, Guenter
AU  - J. Pitcher, Eric
AU  - J. Russell, Gary
T1  - Measurement of neutron beam characteristics at the Manuel Lujan Jr. neutron scattering center
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 525
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 496
EP  - 510
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We have measured neutronic performance of the moderators at the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory in order to provide the neutron beam characteristics for the neutron scattering experiments at the Lujan Center as well as to study the validity of neutronic calculation codes. The absolute neutron intensities, the energy spectra, and the neutron pulse shapes (neutron emission time distributions) were measured for the <f>H2O</f> coupled moderator, the high-intensity <f>H2O</f> decoupled moderator, the high-resolution <f>H2O</f> decoupled moderator, and the partially coupled liquid-hydrogen moderator. The overall characteristics of the moderators were found to agree with the designed performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering -- Instruments
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - NUCLEAR power plants -- Instruments
KW  - Intensity
KW  - Pulse shape
KW  - Spallation neutron source
KW  - Spectrum
KW  - Thermal neutron
N1  - Accession Number: 13291174; Ino, Takashi 1; Email Address: takashi.ino@kek.jp Ooi, Motoki 2 Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki 2 Kasugai, Yoshimi 3 Maekawa, Fujio 3 Takada, Hiroshi 3 Muhrer, Guenter 4 J. Pitcher, Eric 4 J. Russell, Gary 4; Affiliation:  1: KEK, Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Oho 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  2: Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan  3: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 525 Issue 3, p496; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering -- Instruments; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR power plants -- Instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intensity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse shape; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation neutron source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal neutron; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.02.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fong, Dillon D.
AU  - Stephenson, G. Brian
AU  - Streiffer, Stephen K.
AU  - Eastman, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Auciello, Orlando
AU  - Fuoss, Paul H.
AU  - Thompson, Carol
T1  - Ferroetectricity in Ultrathin Perovskite Films.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/06/11/
VL  - 304
IS  - 5677
M3  - Article
SP  - 1650
EP  - 1653
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Understanding the suppression of ferroelectricity in perovskite thin films is a fundamental issue that has remained unresolved for decades. We report a synchrotron x-ray study of lead titanate as a function of temperature and film thickness for films as thin as a single unit cell. At room temperature, the ferroelectric phase is stable for thicknesses down to 3 unit cells (1.2 nanometers). Our results imply that no thickness limit is imposed on practical devices by an intrinsic ferroelectric size effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 13512887; Fong, Dillon D. 1 Stephenson, G. Brian 1 Streiffer, Stephen K. 1; Email Address: stephenson@anl.gov Eastman, Jeffrey A. 1 Auciello, Orlando 1 Fuoss, Paul H. 1 Thompson, Carol 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.; Source Info: 6/11/2004, Vol. 304 Issue 5677, p1650; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2776
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - S. Wieczorek
AU  - Chow, W. W.
AU  - Lee, S. R.
AU  - Fischer, A. J.
AU  - Allerman, A. A.
AU  - Crawford, M. H.
T1  - Analysis of optical emission from high-aluminum AlGaN quantum-well structures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/14/
VL  - 84
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4899
EP  - 4901
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The letter presents theoretical analysis of spontaneous emission in AlGaN wurtzite quantum wells. It is found that the combined effects of strain, internal electric field, and many-body Coulomb interactions lead to a significant dependence of optical properties on quantum-well configuration. In particular, the effects of the internal electric field are mitigated for certain Al concentration in the quantum well. Calculations of the emitted photon energy show good agreement with experimental measurements. Presented results are of interest for applications such as ultraviolet light-emitting diodes and lasers. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - POTENTIAL theory (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - COULOMB excitation
N1  - Accession Number: 13269862; S. Wieczorek 1 Chow, W. W. 1 Lee, S. R. 1; Email Address: smwiecz@sandia.gov Fischer, A. J. 1 Allerman, A. A. 1 Crawford, M. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Semiconductor Material and Device Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601; Source Info: 6/14/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 24, p4899; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: POTENTIAL theory (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: COULOMB excitation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1763211
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bin Li
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Synthesis, Structure, and Characterization of a Cubic Thallium Cluster Phase of the Bergman Type, Na13(Cd~0.70TI~0.30)27.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/14/
VL  - 43
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3582
EP  - 3587
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Samples of Na13(Cd1-xTIx)27 crystallize with a cubic Bergman-type Im¯ structure (formerly called the R-phase) (Z = 4, a ...15.92 Å) and exhibit a small phase width, 0.24 < x < 0.33. The crystal structure exhibits a Cd/TI (=M) network of concentric empty M12 and Cd12 icosahedra and M60 buckyball clusters, with the sodium cations in the annuli between clusters. The compound is unusually electron deficient with respect to electron counting rules applied to most Bergman phases with less electropositive cations, and because of the sodium component it is probably better described as an electron-poor Zintl phase. The new compound is metallic according to both EHTB band calculations for the anion and the measured resistivities and magnetic susceptibilities. Site preferences observed for Na, Cd, and TI among the seven crystallographic sites are consistent with their relative Mulliken electron populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THALLIUM
KW  - ICOSAHEDRA
KW  - POLYHEDRA
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ZINTL compounds
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13711662; Bin Li 1 Corbett, John D. 1; Email Address: jcorbett@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory—DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University; Source Info: 6/14/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 12, p3582; Subject Term: THALLIUM; Subject Term: ICOSAHEDRA; Subject Term: POLYHEDRA; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ZINTL compounds; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bezrukov, S.
AU  - Elsässer, R.
AU  - Monien, B.
AU  - Preis, R.
AU  - Tillich, J.-P.
T1  - New spectral lower bounds on the bisection width of graphs
JO  - Theoretical Computer Science
JF  - Theoretical Computer Science
Y1  - 2004/06/14/
VL  - 320
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
EP  - 174
SN  - 03043975
AB  - The communication overhead is a major bottleneck for the execution of a process graph on a parallel computer system. In the case of two processors, the minimization of the communication can be modeled using the graph bisection problem. The spectral lower bound of <f>λ2|V|/4</f> for the bisection width of a graph is widely known. The bisection width is equal to <f>λ2|V|/4</f> iff all vertices are incident to <f>λ2/2</f> cut edges in every optimal bisection.We present a new method of obtaining tighter lower bounds on the bisection width. This method makes use of the level structure defined by the bisection. We define some global expansion properties and we show that the spectral lower bound increases with this global expansion. Under certain conditions we obtain a lower bound depending on <f>λ2β|V|</f> with <f>1/2⩽β<1</f>. We also present examples of graphs for which our new bounds are tight up to a constant factor. As a by-product, we derive new lower bounds for the bisection widths of 3- and 4-regular Ramanujan graphs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical Computer Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - EXPANSION (Business)
KW  - COMPUTER industry
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - Eigenvalues of graphs
KW  - Graph bisection
KW  - Laplacian of graphs
N1  - Accession Number: 13167649; Bezrukov, S. 1; Email Address: sb@math.uwsuper.edu Elsässer, R. 2; Email Address: elsa@upb.de Monien, B. 2; Email Address: bm@upb.de Preis, R. 2,3; Email Address: robsy@upb.de Tillich, J.-P. 4; Email Address: tillich@lri.fr; Affiliation:  1: University of Wisconsin, Superior, WI USA  2: Institute for Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn D-33102, Germany  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, USA  4: LRI, Orsay, France; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 320 Issue 2/3, p155; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: EXPANSION (Business); Subject Term: COMPUTER industry; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eigenvalues of graphs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graph bisection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplacian of graphs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tcs.2004.03.059
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Atwell, W.
AU  - Saganti, P.
AU  - Cucinotta, F.A.
AU  - Zeitlin, C.J.
T1  - A space radiation shielding model of the Martian radiation environment experiment (MARIE)
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 33
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2219
EP  - 2221
SN  - 02731177
AB  - The 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft was launched towards Mars on April 7, 2001. Onboard the spacecraft is the Martian radiation environment experiment (MARIE), which is designed to measure the background radiation environment due to galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and solar protons in the 20–500 MeV/n energy range. We present an approach for developing a space radiation-shielding model of the spacecraft that includes the MARIE instrument in the current mapping phase orientation. A discussion is presented describing the development and methodology used to construct the shielding model. For a given GCR model environment, using the current MARIE shielding model and the high-energy particle transport codes, dose rate values are compared with MARIE measurements during the early mapping phase in Mars orbit. The results show good agreement between the model calculations and the MARIE measurements as presented for the March 2002 dataset. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - MARIE
KW  - Mars radiation environment
KW  - Radiation shielding model
N1  - Accession Number: 13182165; Atwell, W. 1; Email Address: bigshot@houston.rr.com Saganti, P. 2 Cucinotta, F.A. 3 Zeitlin, C.J. 4; Affiliation:  1: The Boeing Company, 13100 Space Center Blvd., Mail Code: HZ1-10, Houston, TX 77058-3556, USA  2: Lockheed-Martin, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA  3: NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 33 Issue 12, p2219; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MARS (Planet); Author-Supplied Keyword: MARIE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mars radiation environment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation shielding model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00527-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veryovkin, Igor V.
AU  - Belykh, Sergey F.
AU  - Adriaens, Annemie
AU  - Zinovev, Alexander V.
AU  - Adams, Freddy
T1  - On the trends in kinetic energies of secondary ions produced by polyatomic ion bombardment
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 105
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Kinetic energies of Tan+ and Nbn+ ions (<F>1≤n≤10</F>) sputtered from pure Ta and Nb targets by 6 keV per atom Au-, Au2- and Au3- primary ions have been compared after energy spectra of these ions were recalibrated using a newly developed data processing algorithm. Most probable and mean energies were determined for the sputtered ions, and their energy spectra were converted into distributions over inverse velocities. Distributions obtained for Ta and Nb displayed many similarities and no principal differences. The only differences seen were due to the difference in masses of the elements. On the other hand, strong differences were observed between results for atomic and diatomic sputtered ions and those for larger sputtered cluster ions (with more than seven atoms). The comparison of atomic and polyatomic bombardment showed dramatic changes in emission of atomic and diatomic sputtered species, and almost no differences for larger sputtered clusters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - POLYATOMIC molecules
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Molecular beams interactions with solids
KW  - Secondary ion mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13435451; Veryovkin, Igor V. 1; Email Address: verigo@anl.gov Belykh, Sergey F. 2 Adriaens, Annemie 3 Zinovev, Alexander V. 1 Adams, Freddy 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp (UIA), B-2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium  3: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p101; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: POLYATOMIC molecules; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular beams interactions with solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary ion mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohlhausen, J.A. Tony
AU  - Keenan, M.R.
AU  - Kotula, P.G.
AU  - Peebles, D.E.
T1  - Multivariate statistical analysis of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry images using AXSIA
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 230
EP  - 234
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) by its parallel nature, generates complex and very large datasets quickly and easily. An example of such a large dataset is a spectral image where a complete spectrum is collected for each pixel. Unfortunately, the large size of the data matrix involved makes it difficult to extract the chemical information from the data using traditional techniques. Because time constraints prevent an analysis of every peak, prior knowledge is used to select the most probable and significant peaks for evaluation. However, this approach may lead to a misinterpretation of the system under analysis. Ideally, the complete spectral image would be used to provide a comprehensive, unbiased materials characterization based on full spectral signatures.Automated eXpert spectral image analysis (AXSIA) software developed at Sandia National Laboratories implements a multivariate curve resolution technique that was originally developed for energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) [Microsci. Microanal. 9 (2003) 1]. This paper will demonstrate the application of the method to TOF-SIMS. AXSIA distills complex and very large spectral image datasets into a limited number of physically realizable and easily interpretable chemical components, including both spectra and concentrations. The number of components derived during the analysis represents the minimum number of components needed to completely describe the chemical information in the original dataset. Since full spectral signatures are used to determine each component, an enhanced signal-to-noise is realized. The efficient statistical aggregation of chemical information enables small and unexpected features to be automatically found without user intervention. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - CHEMINFORMATICS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - AXSIA
KW  - Components
KW  - Multivariate
KW  - Statistical
KW  - TOF-SIMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13435477; Ohlhausen, J.A. Tony; Email Address: jaohlha@sandia.gov Keenan, M.R. 1 Kotula, P.G. 1 Peebles, D.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. BOX 5800, MS 0886, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p230; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: CHEMINFORMATICS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: AXSIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Components; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOF-SIMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keenan, Michael R.
AU  - Kotula, Paul G.
T1  - Optimal scaling of TOF-SIMS spectrum-images prior to multivariate statistical analysis
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 240
EP  - 244
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) is capable of generating huge volumes of data. TOF-SIMS spectrum-images, comprising complete mass spectra at each point in a spatial array, are easily acquired with modern instrumentation. With the addition of depth profiling, spectra can be collected from up to three spatial dimensions leading to data sets that are seemingly unlimited in size. Multivariate statistical techniques such as principal component analysis, multivariate curve resolution and other factor analysis methods are being used to meet the challenge of turning that mountain of data into analytically useful knowledge. These methods work by extracting the essential chemical information embedded in the high dimensional data into a limited number of factors that describe the spectrally active pure components present in the sample. A review of the recent literature shows that the mass spectral data are often scaled prior to multivariate analysis. Common preprocessing steps include normalization of the pixel intensities, and auto- or variance-scaling of the mass spectra. In this paper, we will demonstrate that these pretreatments can lead to less than satisfactory results and, in fact, can be counterproductive. By taking the Poisson nature of the data into consideration, however, a scaling method can be devised that is optimal in a maximum likelihood sense. Using a simple and intuitive example, we will demonstrate the superiority of the optimal scaling approach for estimating the number of pure components, for segregating the chemical information into as few components as possible, and for discriminating small features from noise. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - POISSON processes
KW  - Multivariate analysis
KW  - PCA
KW  - Poisson noise
KW  - TOF-SIMS imaging
N1  - Accession Number: 13435479; Keenan, Michael R.; Email Address: mrkeena@sandia.gov Kotula, Paul G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS0886, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0886, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p240; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: POISSON processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poisson noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOF-SIMS imaging; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.025
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13435479&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smentkowski, Vincent S.
AU  - Ohlhausen, J.A. (Tony)
AU  - Kotula, P.G.
AU  - Keenan, M.R.
T1  - Multivariate statistical analysis of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry images—looking beyond the obvious
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 249
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Analytical instrumentation such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) provides a tremendous quantity of data since an entire mass spectrum is saved at each pixel in an ion image. The analyst often selects only a few species for detailed analysis; the majority of the data are not utilized. Researchers at Sandia National Laboratory (SNL) have developed a powerful multivariate statistical analysis (MVSA) toolkit named AXSIA (Automated eXpert Spectrum Image Analysis) that looks for trends in complete datasets (e.g., analyzes the entire mass spectrum at each pixel). A unique feature of the AXSIA toolkit is the generation of intuitive results (e.g., negative peaks are not allowed in the spectral response). The robust statistical process is able to unambiguously identify all of the spectral features uniquely associated with each distinct component throughout the dataset. General Electric and Sandia used AXSIA to analyze raw data files generated on an Ion Tof IV ToF-SIMS instrument. Here, we will show that the MVSA toolkit identified metallic contaminants within a defect in a polymer sample. These metallic contaminants were not identifiable using standard data analysis protocol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - AXSIA
KW  - Burst pulsing mode
KW  - Multivariate statistical analysis
KW  - MVSA
KW  - ToF-SIMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13435480; Smentkowski, Vincent S. 1; Email Address: smentkow@crd.ge.com Ohlhausen, J.A. (Tony) 2 Kotula, P.G. 2 Keenan, M.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Electric, Global Research Center, Building K1, Room 1C2, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0886, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p245; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: AXSIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burst pulsing mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate statistical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: MVSA; Author-Supplied Keyword: ToF-SIMS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quong, J.N.
AU  - Knize, M.G.
AU  - Kulp, K.S.
AU  - Wu, K.J.
T1  - Molecule-specific imaging analysis of carcinogens in breast cancer cells using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 424
EP  - 427
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Imaging time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) was used to study the localization of heterocyclic amines in MCF-7 line of human breast cancer cells. The detection sensitivities of a model rodent mutagen, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), were determined. Following an established criteria for the determination of status of freeze-fracture cells, the distribution of PhIP in the MCF-7 cells was reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - IMAGE analysis
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - Imaging
KW  - MCF-7 cell
KW  - TOF-SIMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13435516; Quong, J.N. 1 Knize, M.G. 2 Kulp, K.S. 2 Wu, K.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p424; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Subject Term: CARCINOGENS; Subject Term: IMAGE analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCF-7 cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOF-SIMS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.156
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaspar, D.J.
AU  - Laskin, A.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Hunt, S.W.
AU  - Finlayson-Pitts, B.J.
T1  - TOF-SIMS analysis of sea salt particles: imaging and depth profiling in the discovery of an unrecognized mechanism for pH buffering
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 520
EP  - 523
SN  - 01694332
AB  - As part of a broader effort at understanding the chemistry of sea salt particles, we have performed time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) analysis of individual sea salt particles deposited on a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grid. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and TOF-SIMS analysis have, in conjunction with OH exposure studies, led to the discovery of an unrecognized buffering mechanism in the uptake and oxidation of SO2 in sea salt particles in the marine boundary layer. This chemistry may resolve some discrepancies in the atmospheric chemistry literature. Several challenges during the acquisition and interpretation of both imaging and depth profiling data on specific particles on the TEM grid identified by the SEM were overcome. A description of the analysis challenges and the solutions ultimately developed to them is presented here, along with an account of how the TOF-SIMS data were incorporated into the overall research effort. Several issues unique to the analysis of high aspect ratio particles are addressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SALT
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - Depth profiling
KW  - Environmental chemistry
KW  - Imaging
KW  - Sea salt
KW  - TOF-SIMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13435541; Gaspar, D.J. 1; Email Address: daniel.gaspar@pnl.gov Laskin, A. 1 Wang, W. 2 Hunt, S.W. 2 Finlayson-Pitts, B.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p520; Subject Term: SALT; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depth profiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sea salt; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOF-SIMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.046
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13435541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reedy, R.C.
AU  - Geisz, J.F.
AU  - Ptak, A.J.
AU  - Keyes, B.M.
AU  - Metzger, W.K.
T1  - Characterization of light element impurities in gallium-nitride-phosphide by SIMS analysis
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 808
EP  - 812
SN  - 01694332
AB  - GaNP thin films grown by epitaxial processes show little or no carbon or oxygen incorporation when measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Accurate determination of impurity concentration is important for understanding the optical and electrical properties of this material. A new method for background subtraction is proposed, with the main assumption that the background contribution is inversely proportional to the secondary ion matrix signal. The total impurity concentration, i.e. the sum of real and background, is given by the inverse function. Efforts are taken to reduce background limits before background subtraction is performed. As the matrix signal increases, the background contribution becomes insignificant as the total impurity level approaches the real level. Multiple data points are obtained from several sputter rates. The real impurity level is obtained from the least-squares fit of the total impurity concentration versus matrix signal. Background subtraction via inverse function is an intuitive method that can be effectively used to remove gas-phase contributions in measurements of light elements in the thin films grown by epitaxial processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - PHOSPHIDES
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - Background
KW  - GaNP
KW  - Light element
KW  - Raster
KW  - SIMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13435608; Reedy, R.C.; Email Address: bob_reedy@nrel.gov Geisz, J.F. 1 Ptak, A.J. 1 Keyes, B.M. 1 Metzger, W.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, MS 3215, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p808; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: PHOSPHIDES; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Background; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaNP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raster; Author-Supplied Keyword: SIMS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.080
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13435608&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kettle, S.
AU  - Chater, R.J.
AU  - Graham, G.A.
AU  - McPhail, D.S.
AU  - Kearsley, A.T.
T1  - FIB-SIMS analysis of micro-particle impacts on spacecraft materials returned from low-earth orbit
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 893
EP  - 898
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Returned materials from spacecraft that have had a long exposure in low earth orbit have been examined for remnant projectile residues by liquid metal ion source (LMIS) sputtering and SIMS. It has been possible to distinguish between residue material and the underlying substrate in impact sites as well as the origin of the residue, man-made or extraterrestrial. This approach has also allowed examination of the sub-micrometer internal structures of residue remnants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - IMPACT (Mechanics)
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - ORBIT
KW  - FIB-SIMS
KW  - Impacts
KW  - LEO
KW  - LMIS
KW  - Micro-particle
N1  - Accession Number: 13435627; Kettle, S. 1 Chater, R.J. 1; Email Address: r.chater@imperial.ac.uk Graham, G.A. 2 McPhail, D.S. 1 Kearsley, A.T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK  2: IGPP, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p893; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: IMPACT (Mechanics); Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: ORBIT; Author-Supplied Keyword: FIB-SIMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impacts; Author-Supplied Keyword: LEO; Author-Supplied Keyword: LMIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro-particle; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.161
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13435627&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cliff, J.B.
AU  - Gaspar, D.J.
AU  - Bottomley, P.J.
AU  - Myrold, D.D.
T1  - Peak fitting to resolve CN- isotope ratios in biological and environmental samples using TOF-SIMS
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 912
EP  - 916
SN  - 01694332
AB  - Our research has focused on developing TOF-SIMS to measure organic <F>15N</F> in environmental samples [Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68 (8) (2002) 4067]. Our goal was to develop a peak-fitting algorithm that would successfully remove the isobaric interferences of Al- and <F>13C14N-</F> from <F>12C15N-</F> ions under conditions of low mass resolution inherent in environmental samples. We tested a variety of peak-fitting models and found that the <F>EMG+GMG (E+G)</F> model performed better than the standard peak shape shifting method under conditions of high mass resolution, unless Al- was present as an interference. Under conditions of Al- interference and low <F>15N</F> content, the standard method performed better than the <F>E+G</F> model. As <F>15N</F> content increased, the <F>E+G</F> model worked comparably or better than the standard method. Limited mass resolution during analysis of organic <F>15N</F> standards on kaolin clay dictated using the standard method which performed acceptably on standards containing greater than 1 at.% <F>15N</F>. These data emphasize the potential utility of using analytical models to resolve isobaric interferences in TOF-SIMS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sampling
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - Biological
KW  - Environmental
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Peak fitting
KW  - TOF-SIMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13435632; Cliff, J.B. 1; Email Address: john.cliff@oregonstate.edu Gaspar, D.J. 2 Bottomley, P.J. 1 Myrold, D.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Crop and Soil Science, 3017 Ag & Life Science Building, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA  2: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p912; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sampling; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak fitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOF-SIMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.169
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veryovkin, Igor V.
AU  - Calaway, Wallis F.
AU  - Moore, Jerry F.
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
AU  - Lewellen, John W.
AU  - Li, Yuelin
AU  - Milton, Stephen V.
AU  - King, Bruce V.
AU  - Petravić, Mladen
T1  - A new horizon in secondary neutral mass spectrometry: post-ionization using a VUV free electron laser
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 962
EP  - 966
SN  - 01694332
AB  - A new time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer incorporating post-ionization of sputtered neutral species with tunable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light generated by a free electron laser (FEL) has been developed. Capabilities of this instrument, called SPIRIT, were demonstrated by experiments with photoionization of sputtered neutral gold atoms with 125 nm light generated by the VUV FEL located at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). In a separate series of experiments with a fixed wavelength VUV light source, a 157 nm F2 laser, a useful yield (atoms detected per atoms sputtered) of about 12% and a mass resolution better than 1500 were demonstrated for molybdenum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - Free electron laser
KW  - Laser desorption
KW  - Photoionization of atoms and molecules
KW  - Secondary neutral mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13435644; Veryovkin, Igor V. 1,2; Email Address: verigo@anl.gov Calaway, Wallis F. 1 Moore, Jerry F. 1 Pellin, Michael J. 1 Lewellen, John W. 2 Li, Yuelin 2 Milton, Stephen V. 2 King, Bruce V. 3 Petravić, Mladen 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 200, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 200, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Physics Department, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia  4: Department of Electronic Material Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p962; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionization of atoms and molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary neutral mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.191
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maharrey, S.
AU  - Bastasz, R.
AU  - Behrens, R.
AU  - Highley, A.
AU  - Hoffer, S.
AU  - Kruppa, G.
AU  - Whaley, J.
T1  - High mass resolution SIMS
JO  - Applied Surface Science
JF  - Applied Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 231-232
M3  - Article
SP  - 972
EP  - 975
SN  - 01694332
AB  - We are developing a method to conduct SIMS analysis at high mass resolution (m/<F>Δm>50</F>,000), to facilitate the examination and study of complex organic and biomolecules on surfaces. The approach uses a primary-ion beam probe (rastered 25 keV Ga+ ion source), providing high (100 nm) spatial resolution, and an ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) cell, capable of mass analysis at a resolution in excess of 105 and mass accuracy of less than 1.0 ppm. The apparatus includes a time-of-flight (ToF) mass analyzer, offering rapid chemical mapping at low (m/<F>Δm<10</F>,000) mass resolution to identify points of interest for subsequent high mass resolution analysis. To combine both ICR and ToF mass analysis in one instrument requires the sample to be near ground potential, to inject secondary ions into the grounded ICR cell at low enough kinetic energies to permit high trapping efficiency. Consequently, the optics and detector for ToF analysis must be electrically floating at the desired acceleration potential for the secondary ions. For high-resolution mass analysis, secondary ions are transmitted to the ICR cell, which is in line-of-sight to the sample and immersed in a homogeneous magnetic field (7 T). Initial results from the instrument show that it is possible to trap simple ions effectively for high-resolution analysis, but high-mass ions (m/<F>z>300</F>), although, readily detected by the ToF analyzer, are inefficiently transmitted to the ICR cell. This has stimulated the design of a new ion optics coupling arrangement, which provides a higher mass resolution over a wider mass range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - IMAGING systems in chemistry
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - Chemical imaging
KW  - FTICR
KW  - LMIS
KW  - PCA
KW  - Reflectron
KW  - ToF
N1  - Accession Number: 13435646; Maharrey, S.; Email Address: spmahar@sandia.gov Bastasz, R. 1 Behrens, R. 1 Highley, A. 1 Hoffer, S. 1 Kruppa, G. 1 Whaley, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9052, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 231-232, p972; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in chemistry; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTICR; Author-Supplied Keyword: LMIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflectron; Author-Supplied Keyword: ToF; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.197
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13435646&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, Thomas J.
AU  - Negash, Sewite
AU  - Smallwood, Heather S.
AU  - Ramos, Kenneth S.
AU  - Thrall, Brian D.
AU  - Squier, Thomas C.
T1  - Calmodulin Involvement in Stress-Activated Nuclear Localization of Albumin in JB6 Epithelial Cells.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 43
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7443
EP  - 7450
SN  - 00062960
AB  - We report that albumin is translocated to the nucleus in response to oxidative stress. Prior measurements have demonstrated that in concert with known transcription factors albumin binds to an antioxidant response element, which controls the expression of glutathione S-transferase and other antioxidant enzymes that function to mediate adaptive cellular responses [Holderman, M. T., Miller, K. P., Dangott, L. J., and Ramos, K. S. (2002) Mol. Pharnwzcol. 61, 1174-1183]. To investigate the mechanisms underlying this adaptive cell response, we have identified linkages between calcium signaling and the nuclear translocation of albumin in JB6 epithelial cells. Under resting conditions, albumin and the calcium regulatory protein calmodulin (CaM) co-immunoprecipitate using antibodies against either protein, indicating a tight association. Calcium activation of CaM disrupts the association between CaM and albumin, suggesting that transient increases in cytosolic calcium levels function to mobilize intracellular albumin to facilitate its translocation into the nucleus. Likewise, nuclear translocation of albumin is induced by exposure of cells to hydrogen peroxide or a phorbol ester, indicating a functional linkage between reactive oxygen species, calcium, and PKC-signaling pathways. Inclusion of an antioxidant enzyme (i.e., superoxide dismutase) blocks nuclear translocation, suggesting that the oxidation of sensitive proteins functions to coordinate the adaptive cellular response. These results suggest that elevated calcium transients and associated increases in reactive oxygen species contribute to adaptive cellular responses through the mobilization and nuclear translocation of cellular albumin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALMODULIN
KW  - ALBUMINS
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - OXIDATIVE stress
KW  - ANTIOXIDANTS
N1  - Accession Number: 13527680; Weber, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: thomas.weber@pnl.gov Negash, Sewite 1 Smallwood, Heather S. 1 Ramos, Kenneth S. 2 Thrall, Brian D. 1 Squier, Thomas C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Cell Biology Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  2: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40292.; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 23, p7443; Subject Term: CALMODULIN; Subject Term: ALBUMINS; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: OXIDATIVE stress; Subject Term: ANTIOXIDANTS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi049731s
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiens, Roger C.
AU  - Bochsler, Peter
AU  - Burnett, Donald S.
AU  - Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert F.
T1  - Solar and solar-wind isotopic compositions
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 222
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 697
EP  - 712
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - With only a few exceptions, the solar photosphere is thought to have retained the mean isotopic composition of the original solar nebula, so that, with some corrections, the photosphere provides a baseline for comparison of all other planetary materials. There are two sources of information on the photospheric isotopic composition: optical observations, which have succeeded in determining a few isotopic ratios with large uncertainties, and the solar wind, measured either in situ by spacecraft instruments or as implanted ions into lunar or asteroidal soils or collection substrates. Gravitational settling from the outer convective zone (OCZ) into the radiative core is viewed as the only solar modification of solar-nebula isotopic compositions to affect all elements. Evidence for gravitational settling is indirect, as observations are presently less precise than the predictions of <10‰ effects for the isotopes of solid-forming elements. Additional solar modification has occurred for light isotopes (D, Li, Be, B) due to nuclear destruction at the base of the convection zone, and due to production by nuclear reactions of photospheric materials with high-energy particles from the corona. Isotopic fractionation of long-term average samples of solar wind has been suggested by theory. There is some evidence, though not unambiguous, indicating that interstream (slow) wind is isotopically lighter than high-speed wind from coronal holes, consistent with Coulomb drag theories. The question of fractionation has not been clearly answered because the precision of spacecraft instruments is not sufficient to clearly demonstrate the predicted fractionations, which are <30‰ per amu between fast and slow wind for most elements. Analysis of solar-wind noble gases extracted from lunar and asteroidal soils, when compared with the terrestrial atmospheric composition, also suggests solar-wind fractionation consistent with Coulomb drag theories. Observations of solar and solar-wind compositions are reviewed for nearly all elements from hydrogen to iron, as well as the heavy noble gases. Other than Li and the noble gases, there is presently no evidence for differences among stable isotopes between terrestrial and solar photosphere compositions. Although spacecraft observations of solar-wind isotopes have added significantly to our knowledge within the past decade, more substantial breakthroughs are likely to be seen within the next several years with the return of long-exposure solar-wind samples from the Genesis mission, which should yield much higher precision measurements than in situ spacecraft instruments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEBULAE
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - GASES
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - solar abundances
KW  - solar nebula
KW  - solar wind
N1  - Accession Number: 13388073; Wiens, Roger C. 1; Email Address: rwiens@lanl.gov Bochsler, Peter 2 Burnett, Donald S. 3 Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Space and Atmospheric Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D-466, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  3: Department of Geology, Mail Stop 100-23, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  4: Institut fuer Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, University of Kiel, Leibnizstrasse 11, D-24118 Kiel, Germany; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 222 Issue 3/4, p697; Subject Term: NEBULAE; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: solar abundances; Author-Supplied Keyword: solar nebula; Author-Supplied Keyword: solar wind; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.025
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13388073&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tréhu, A.M.
AU  - Long, P.E.
AU  - Torres, M.E.
AU  - Bohrmann, G.
AU  - Rack, F.R.
AU  - Collett, T.S.
AU  - Goldberg, D.S.
AU  - Milkov, A.V.
AU  - Riedel, M.
AU  - Schultheiss, P.
AU  - Bangs, N.L.
AU  - Barr, S.R.
AU  - Borowski, W.S.
AU  - Claypool, G.E.
AU  - Delwiche, M.E.
AU  - Dickens, G.R.
AU  - Gracia, E.
AU  - Guerin, G.
AU  - Holland, M.
AU  - Johnson, J.E.
T1  - Three-dimensional distribution of gas hydrate beneath southern Hydrate Ridge: constraints from ODP Leg 204
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 222
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 845
EP  - 862
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - Large uncertainties about the energy resource potential and role in global climate change of gas hydrates result from uncertainty about how much hydrate is contained in marine sediments. During Leg 204 of the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) to the accretionary complex of the Cascadia subduction zone, we sampled the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) from the seafloor to its base in contrasting geological settings defined by a 3D seismic survey. By integrating results from different methods, including several new techniques developed for Leg 204, we overcome the problem of spatial under-sampling inherent in robust methods traditionally used for estimating the hydrate content of cores and obtain a high-resolution, quantitative estimate of the total amount and spatial variability of gas hydrate in this structural system. We conclude that high gas hydrate content (30–40% of pore space or 20–26% of total volume) is restricted to the upper tens of meters below the seafloor near the summit of the structure, where vigorous fluid venting occurs. Elsewhere, the average gas hydrate content of the sediments in the gas hydrate stability zone is generally <2% of the pore space, although this estimate may increase by a factor of 2 when patchy zones of locally higher gas hydrate content are included in the calculation. These patchy zones are structurally and stratigraphically controlled, contain up to 20% hydrate in the pore space when averaged over zones ∼10 m thick, and may occur in up to ∼20% of the region imaged by 3D seismic data. This heterogeneous gas hydrate distribution is an important constraint on models of gas hydrate formation in marine sediments and the response of the sediments to tectonic and environmental change. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - GLOBAL temperature changes
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - accretionary margins
KW  - gas hydrates
KW  - marine sediments
KW  - methane
KW  - Ocean Drilling Program
N1  - Accession Number: 13388084; Tréhu, A.M. 1; Email Address: trehu@coas.oregonstate.edu Long, P.E. 2 Torres, M.E. 1 Bohrmann, G. 3 Rack, F.R. 4 Collett, T.S. 5 Goldberg, D.S. 6 Milkov, A.V. 7 Riedel, M. 8 Schultheiss, P. 9 Bangs, N.L. 10 Barr, S.R. 11 Borowski, W.S. 12 Claypool, G.E. 13 Delwiche, M.E. 14 Dickens, G.R. 15 Gracia, E. 16 Guerin, G. 6 Holland, M. 17 Johnson, J.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-5503, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurterstr. D-28359 Bremen, Germany  4: JOI, 1755 Massachusetts Ave. NW, suite 700, Washington, DC 20036, USA  5: U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225, USA  6: Borehole Research Group, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY 10964, USA  7: Geology and Geophysics, WHOI, Woods Hole MA 02543, USA  8: Geological Survey of Canada, Pacific Geoscience Centre, Sidney, BS, Canada V8L4B2  9: GEOTEK, Daventry, Northants NN11 5RD, UK  10: Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, 4412 Spicewood Springs Rd., Austin, TX 78759, USA  11: Department of Geology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK  12: Department of Earth Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, 512 Lancaster Ave., Richmond, KY 40475, USA  13: 8910 West 2nd Avenue, Lakewood, CO 80226, USA  14: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2203, USA  15: Department of Earth Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  16: Unitat de Tecnologia Marina, Centre Mediterrani d'Investigacions Marines i Ambientals, 08003 Barcelona, Spain  17: Department of Geological Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 222 Issue 3/4, p845; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: GLOBAL temperature changes; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: accretionary margins; Author-Supplied Keyword: gas hydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: marine sediments; Author-Supplied Keyword: methane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ocean Drilling Program; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.035
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13388084&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, John N.
AU  - Dresel, P. Evan
AU  - Conrad, Mark E.
AU  - Maher, Kate
AU  - dePaolo, Donald J.
T1  - Identifying the Sources of Subsurface Contamination at the Hanford Site in Washington using High-Precision Uranium Isotopic Measurements.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3330
EP  - 3337
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - In the mid-1990s, a groundwater plume of uranium (U) was detected in monitoring wells in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area at the Hanford Site in Washington. This area has been used since the late 1940s to store high-level radioactive waste and other products of U fuel-rod processing. Using multiple-collector ICP source magnetic sector mass spectrometry, high-precision uranium isotopic analyses were conducted of samples of vadose zone contamination and of groundwater. The isotope ratios 236U/238U, 234U/238U, and 238U/235U are used to distinguish contaminant sources. On the basis of the isotopic data, the source of the groundwater contamination appears to be related to a 1951 overflow event at tank BX-102 that spilled high-level U waste into the vadose zone. The U isotopic variation of the groundwater plume is a result of mixing between contaminant U from this spill and natural background U. Vadose zone u contamination at tank B-110 likely predates the recorded tank leak and can be ruled out as a significant source of groundwater contamination, based on the U isotopic composition. The locus of vadose zone contamination is displaced from the initial locus of groundwater contamination, indicating that lateral migration in the vadose zone was at least 8 times greater than vertical migration. The time evolution of the groundwater plume suggests an average U migration rate of ∼0.7-0.8 m/day showing slight retardation relative to a groundwater flow of ∼1 m/day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Waste management
KW  - Hanford Site (Wash.)
KW  - Washington (State)
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13659482; Christensen, John N. 1; Email Address: jnchristensen@lbl.gov; Dresel, P. Evan 2; Conrad, Mark E. 1; Maher, Kate 3; dePaolo, Donald J. 1,3; Affiliations: 1: Center for Isotope Geochemistry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 70A4418, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K6-96, Richland, Washington 99352.; 3: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p3330; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Thesaurus Term: Waste management; Subject Term: Hanford Site (Wash.); Subject: Washington (State); Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laudal, Dennis L.
AU  - Thompson, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Pavlish, John H.
AU  - Brickett, Lynn A.
AU  - Chu, Paul
T1  - Use of continuous mercury monitors at coal-fired utilities
JO  - Fuel Processing Technology
JF  - Fuel Processing Technology
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
SN  - 03783820
AB  - In December 2000, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a notice of its determination that regulation of coal-fired utilities for mercury is appropriate and necessary as part of the hazardous air pollutant emission regulation for electric utility steam-generating units. To aid in the determination of mercury emissions from these sources, on-line mercury semicontinuous emission monitors (Hg SCEMs) have been developed and tested in recent years. Although Hg SCEMs have shown promise during these previous tests, rigorous field or long-term testing has not been done.In the past year, commercially available and prototype Hg SCEMs have been used by the Energy and Environmental Research Center (EERC) and others at several power plants. As part of the EERC work, Hg SCEMs were operated at a range of conditions and locations. In addition, the Hg SCEMs were operated for up to 1 month. The use of Hg SCEMs at these plants allowed for near-real-time data to be collected under changing plant conditions, as well as during normal ranges of operating conditions. Mercury emission data were obtained from different plants with different configurations. The plant configurations incorporated various pollution control technologies, including selective catalytic reduction (SCR), selective noncatalytic reduction, ammonium sulfate injection for flue gas conditioning, and flue gas desulfurization (FGD). The particulate control devices included electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), a fabric filter (FF), and a venturi scrubber. The testing at these sites included the operation of Hg SCEMs before and after particulate control devices, in wet and dry stack conditions, and at high temperatures (343 °C). The results from these field measurements have provided data that have been evaluated to determine the reliability, variability, biases, and overall capability of Hg SCEMs for monitoring mercury at coal-fired utilities.Even under the best conditions, operation of Hg SCEMs is by no means simple. Their operation at high-dust-condition locations (i.e., prior to the particulate control device), wet stack conditions, and high temperatures has tested the ruggedness of the Hg SCEMs. As a result of this testing, some of the critical factors affecting accuracy, precision, and reliability have been made apparent. The overall capability of Hg SCEMs to produce near-real-time data (data every 5 min) was also evaluated under these conditions.The duration of the tests ranged from short-term periods (1–2 h) up to 1 month. Evaluation of the data over the longer-term tests shows the range of mercury emissions due to the variability of mercury in the coal and the normal range of operating parameters for the unit. The range of data is important when control strategies and managing emission inventories are considered.EPA has not determined what type of monitoring or testing requirements will be included in the upcoming electric utility mercury regulations. There is, of course, interest in requiring the use of Hg SCEMs. However, our research to date has shown that commercially available Hg SCEMs are not capable of operating unattended to produce reliable and accurate emission data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL policy
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Coal-fired utilities
KW  - Mercury
KW  - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
KW  - UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency
N1  - Accession Number: 12837631; Laudal, Dennis L. 1; Email Address: dlaudal@undeerc.org Thompson, Jeffrey S. 1 Pavlish, John H. 1 Brickett, Lynn A. 2; Email Address: brickett@netl.doe.gov Chu, Paul 3; Email Address: pchu@epri.com; Affiliation:  1: Energy and Environmental Research Center, PO Box 9018, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9018, USA  2: U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory, PO Box 10940 MS 922-273C, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA  3: EPRI, 3412 Hillview Avenue, PO Box 10412, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 85 Issue 6/7, p501; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL policy; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coal-fired utilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fuproc.2003.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O'Dowd, William J.
AU  - Hargis, Richard A.
AU  - Granite, Evan J.
AU  - Pennline, Henry W.
T1  - Recent advances in mercury removal technology at the National Energy Technology Laboratory
JO  - Fuel Processing Technology
JF  - Fuel Processing Technology
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 533
SN  - 03783820
AB  - The in-house research effort on mercury studies at the National Energy Technology Laboratory is an integrated, multi-task approach, including experimentation at both the laboratory-scale and the pilot-scale, as well as a numerical modeling effort to aid in interpretation of pilot-scale results. In the laboratory-scale work, novel sorbents and techniques for the removal of mercury from flue gas are being investigated using a small packed-bed reactor. The reactor system is used to screen novel sorbents for their capability to remove mercury from gas streams. The capacities of these novel sorbents are determined as a function of gas composition and temperature and are compared to results with commercially available activated carbons. In the pilot-scale work, an existing pilot unit has been characterized with respect to the distribution and fate of hazardous air pollutants in flue gas, with an emphasis on mercury. The pilot unit is a 500-lb/h (227-kg/h) pulverized coal-fired (PCFC) combustion system that includes a furnace, air preheater, spray dryer, ductwork and a pulse-jet fabric filter. The investigations with this unit have entailed evaluation of various activated carbons and novel sorbents, as well as comparisons of various sampling techniques for the determination of total and speciated forms of mercury. The impact of various parameters (temperature, sorbent-to-mercury ratio, baghouse pressure drop) on the removal of mercury has been investigated. Additionally, a slipstream allows for the investigation of sorbent injection in a fly ash-free flue gas over a wide range of operating conditions, including residence time. A summary of the results for mercury measurement and control from the 500-lb/h (227-kg/h) PCFC combustion system will be presented, as well as the evaluation of methods for measurement of in-duct removals using the slipstream. Finally, a discussion of the numerical modeling effort will be given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - FLY ash
KW  - COAL ash
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Pulverized coal-fired
N1  - Accession Number: 12837634; O'Dowd, William J.; Email Address: odowd@netl.doe.gov Hargis, Richard A. 1 Granite, Evan J. 1 Pennline, Henry W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 85 Issue 6/7, p533; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: FLY ash; Subject Term: COAL ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fly ash; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulverized coal-fired; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fuproc.2003.11.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12837634&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sani, R.K.
AU  - Peyton, B.M.
AU  - Amonette, J.E.
AU  - Geesey, G.G.
T1  - Reduction of uranium(VI) under sulfate-reducing conditions in the presence of Fe(III)-(hydr)oxides
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2639
EP  - 2648
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Hexavalent uranium [U(VI)] dissolved in a modified lactate-C medium was treated under anoxic conditions with a mixture of an Fe(III)-(hydr)oxide mineral (hematite, goethite, or ferrihydrite) and quartz. The mass of Fe(III)-(hydr)oxide mineral was varied to give equivalent Fe(III)-mineral surface areas. After equilibration, the U(VI)-mineral suspensions were inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20. Inoculation of the suspensions containing sulfate-limited medium yielded significant G20 growth, along with concomitant reduction of sulfate and U(VI) from solution. With lactate-limited medium, however, some of the uranium that had been removed from solution was resolubilized in the hematite treatments and, to a lesser extent, in the goethite treatments, once the lactate was depleted. No resolubilization was observed in the lactate-limited ferrihydrite treatment even after a prolonged incubation of 4 months. Uranium resolubilization was attributed to reoxidation of the uraninite by Fe(III) present in the (hydr)oxide phases. Analysis by U L3-edge XANES spectroscopy of mineral specimens sampled at the end of the experiments yielded spectra similar to that of uraninite, but having distinct features, notably a much more intense and slightly broader white line consistent with precipitation of nanometer-sized particles. The XANES spectra thus provided strong evidence for SRB-promoted removal of U(VI) from solution by reductive precipitation of uraninite. Consequently, our results suggest that SRB mediate reduction of soluble U(VI) to an insoluble U(IV) oxide, so long as a suitable electron donor is available. Depletion of the electron donor may result in partial reoxidation of the U(IV) to soluble U(VI) species when the surfaces of crystalline Fe(III)-(hydr)oxides are incompletely reduced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - IRON ores
N1  - Accession Number: 13289733; Sani, R.K. 1 Peyton, B.M. 1; Email Address: bmp@wsu.edu Amonette, J.E. 2 Geesey, G.G. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Multiphase Environmental Research, Washington State University, Dana Hall Rm 118, Pullman, WA 99164-2710, USA  2: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Microbiology, 109 Lewis Hall, PO Box 173520, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3520, USA  4: Center for Biofilm Engineering, 366 EPS, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3980, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 68 Issue 12, p2639; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: IRON ores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2004.01.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahesh, S.
AU  - Phoenix, S.L.
T1  - Lifetime distributions for unidirectional fibrous composites under creep-rupture loading.
JO  - International Journal of Fracture
JF  - International Journal of Fracture
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 127
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
EP  - 360
SN  - 03769429
AB  - Monte-Carlo simulations and theoretical modeling are used to study the statistical failure modes and associated lifetime distribution of unidirectional 2D and 3D fiber-matrix composites under constant load. Within the composite the fibers weaken over time and break randomly, and the matrix undergoes linear viscoelastic creep in shear. The statistics of fiber failure are governed by the breakdown model of Coleman (1958a), which embodies a Weibull hazard functional of fiber load history imparting power-law sensitivity to fiber load with exponent ρ, and Weibull lifetime characteristics with shape parameter β. The matrix has a power-law creep compliance in shear with exponent α. Fiber load redistribution at breaks is calculated using a shear-lag mechanics model, which is much more realistic than idealized rules based on equal, global or local load-sharing. The present study is concerned only with the `avalanche' failure regime discussed by Curtin and Scher (1997) which occurs for sufficiently large ρ, and whereby the composite lifetime distribution follows weakest-link scaling. The present Monte-Carlo failure simulations reveal two distinct failure modes within the avalanche regime: For larger ρ, where fiber failure is very sensitive to load level, the weakest link volume fails in a `brittle' manner by the gradual growth of a cluster of mostly contiguous fiber breaks, which then abruptly transitions into a catastrophic crack. For smaller ρ, where this load sensitivity is much less, the weakest link volume shows `tough' behavior, i.e., distributed damage in terms of random fiber failures until the failure of a critical volume and its catastrophic extension. The transition from brittle to tough failure mode for each ρ within the avalanche regime is gradual and depends on the matrix creep exponent α and Weibull exponent β. Also, as α increases above zero the sensitivity of median composite lifetime to load level increasingly deviates from power-law scaling known to occur in the elastic matrix case, α=0. By probabilistic modeling of the dominant failure modes in each regime we obtain distribution forms and various scalings for damage growth, and for carefully chosen sets of parameter values we analytically extend simulation results on small composites (limited by current computer power) to more realistic sizes. Our analytical strength distributions are applicable for ρ>2 in 2D, and ρ≳4 in 3D. The 2D bound coincides with the avalanche-percolation threshold derived by Curtin and Scher (1997) using entirely different arguments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fracture is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - STRUCTURAL failures
KW  - FIBROUS composites
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - WEIBULL distribution
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - Creep rupture
KW  - Monte-Carlo simulations
KW  - probabilistic modeling
KW  - tough-brittle transition
KW  - unidirectional composites.
N1  - Accession Number: 15341515; Mahesh, S. 1,2; Email Address: mahesh@lanl.gov Phoenix, S.L. 2; Email Address: slp6@cornell.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  2: Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 127 Issue 4, p303; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL failures; Subject Term: FIBROUS composites; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: WEIBULL distribution; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep rupture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte-Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: probabilistic modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: tough-brittle transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: unidirectional composites.; Number of Pages: 58p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
AU  - McGill, Robert A.
T1  - Asymmetric injection of cathodic arc plasma into a macroparticle filter.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7602
EP  - 7606
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The cathodic arc plasmas produced by cathode spots usually include macroparticles, which is undesirable for many applications. A common way of removing macroparticles is to use curved solenoid filters that guide the plasma from the source to the substrate. In this work, an arc source with a relatively small cathode is used, limiting the possible locations of plasma production. The relative position of cathodic arc source and macroparticle filter was systematically varied and the filtered plasma current was recorded. It was found that axis-symmetric plasma injection lead to maximum throughput only if an anode aperture was used, which limited the plasma to near-axis flow by scraping off plasma at larger angles to the axis. When the anode aperture was removed, more plasma could enter the filter. In this case, maximum filtered ion current was achieved when the plasma was injected off-axis; namely, offset in the direction where the filter is curved. Such behavior was anticipated because the plasma column in the filter is known to be shifted by E×B and centrifugal drift as well as by non-axis-symmetric components of the magnetic field in the filter entrance and exit plane. The data have implications for plasma transport variations caused by different spot locations on cathodes that are not small compared to the filter cross section. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CATHODE rays
N1  - Accession Number: 13307847; Anders, André 1 McGill, Robert A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p7602; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1707200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, Y. H.
AU  - Zhu, Y. T.
AU  - Liu, T.
T1  - Mechanism of solid-state amorphization of Se induced by mechanical milling.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7674
EP  - 7680
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - In this work, the solid-state amorphization process of elemental trigonal Se via mechanical milling was studied. Trigonal Se has a unique crystal structure consisting of helical [–Se–]n chains with strong intrachain covalent bonds and with weak interchain van der Waals bonds. It was found that the interchain coordination distance increased while the intrachain coordination distance decreased with increasing milling time. The crystalline Se transformed to the amorphous state once the interchain coordination distance reached a critical value. The intrachain coordination distance of amorphous Se continued to decrease with milling time, suggesting that molecular chain length decreased with milling time. Combined with the x-ray absorption near-edge structure calculations, it was concluded that the mechanical milling destroyed the interchain bonds of crystalline Se, resulting in the amorphization, while the intrachain bonds were strengthened during amorphization. The present results support a previous crystallite-destabilization model for solid-state amorphization. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - MECHANICAL alloying
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - VAN der Waals forces
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13307836; Zhao, Y. H. 1 Zhu, Y. T. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Liu, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10039, People's Republic of China; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p7674; Subject Term: SELENIUM; Subject Term: MECHANICAL alloying; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: VAN der Waals forces; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737478
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Enachescu, M.
AU  - Carpick, R. W.
AU  - Ogletree, D. F.
AU  - Salmeron, M.
T1  - The role of contaminants in the variation of adhesion, friction, and electrical conduction properties of carbide-coated scanning probe tips and Pt(111) in ultrahigh vacuum.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7694
EP  - 7700
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Scanning probe microscopy was used to investigate the tribological properties of nanoscale tips in contact with a Pt(111) single-crystal surface under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The tips were coated with a tungsten carbide film, which contained a significant fraction of oxygen. The electrically conductive tip made it possible to alternate between contact measurements and noncontact scanning tunneling microscopy. Several types of interfaces were found depending on the chemical state of the surfaces. The first type is characterized by strong irreversible adhesion followed by material transfer between tip and sample. Low adhesion and no material transfer characterize a second type of contact, which are associated with the presence of passivating adsorbates in both (full passivation) or in one of the two contacting surfaces (half-passivation). Half-passivated contacts in which the clean side is the Pt(111) sample gave rise to periodic stick-slip friction behavior with a period equal to the atomic lattice constant of the Pt(111) surface. Local electrical conductivity measurements show a clear correlation between electronic and friction properties, with ohmic behavior on clean regions of the Pt surface and semiconductor-like behavior on areas covered with adsorbates. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - TRIBOLOGY
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13307833; Enachescu, M. 1 Carpick, R. W. 2 Ogletree, D. F. 1 Salmeron, M. 1; Email Address: salmeron@stm.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Engineering Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p7694; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Subject Term: TRIBOLOGY; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1738536
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13307833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoica, T.
AU  - Vescan, L.
AU  - Sutter, E.
T1  - Absence of island–island interaction during formation of isolated Ge islands in small windows.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7707
EP  - 7711
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Isolated Ge islands, i.e., islands not connected by a wetting layer can be obtained by selective epitaxial growth in voids of ultrathin oxides of thickness 1–2 nm. Voids of 30–600 nm size were created before epitaxy during a high temperature anneal of the ultrathin oxide. The formation of one island per window was investigated at 700 °C as a function of Ge thickness and void size. Islands nucleate mainly at the edge of the void and for this reason they have an anisotropic shape. In voids smaller than 300 nm only one island is nucleated. Islands form only in voids greater than a critical size (30–80 nm) which depends on the total amount of Ge deposited. We observe that height, width, and aspect ratio of isolated islands increase with void size for a given Ge thickness. A metastable state of Ge in small windows was observed. Moreover, the Si interdiffusion is strongly reduced with decreasing island size (i.e., with void size) reaching only ∼10% in comparison with ∼50% in islands on large areas. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13307831; Stoica, T. 1; Email Address: t.stoica@fz-juelich.de Vescan, L. 1 Sutter, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Schichten und Grenzfláchen (ISG), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and CNI - Center of Nanoelectronic Systems for Information Technology, D-52425 Jülich, Germany  2: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p7707; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1736312
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13307831&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Jacqueline A.
AU  - Woodford, John B.
AU  - Chen, Xidong
AU  - Andersson, Joakim
AU  - Erdemir, Ali
AU  - Fenske, George R.
T1  - Insights into “near-frictionless carbon films”.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7765
EP  - 7771
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A form of hydrogenated diamond-like-carbon, “near-frictionless carbon,” developed at Argonne National Laboratory has been studied by several spectroscopic techniques to determine the hydrogen content and carbon bonding within the film. The techniques used include hydrogen forward scattering, ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure, and fluctuation microscopy. These complementary techniques reveal the different types of carbon bonding, such as sp2 and sp3, the medium-range order in the film, and its composition. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - DYNAMICS of a particle
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13307822; Johnson, Jacqueline A. 1; Email Address: jaj@anl.gov Woodford, John B. 1 Chen, Xidong 2 Andersson, Joakim 3 Erdemir, Ali 4 Fenske, George R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4845  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4845 and Cedarville University, Cedarville, Ohio 45314  3: The Angstrom Laboratory, Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden  4: Energy Technology Division, Argonne, National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4845; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p7765; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: DYNAMICS of a particle; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1739287
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ju-Yin Cheng
AU  - Treacy, M. M. J.
AU  - Keblinski, P. J.
AU  - Gibson, J. M.
T1  - Diffraction microscopy for disordered tetrahedral networks.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7779
EP  - 7784
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - X-ray and electron sources are extensively used to explore disordered structures. In the case of electron, small-angle diffraction can help to testify the argument about micro-crystallites in glassy states. Diffraction intensity has two types of variance in reciprocal space: radial and azimuthal. Previously, variance as a function of k was largely used to elucidate medium-range order in amorphous semiconductors. Here azimuthal variance is introduced. This variance reveals orientational order for possible crystallites. Furthermore, the oversampling method proposed here can change our view on amorphous structure. We find that a broad peak might not truly reflect one single crystallite. In fact, two reflections can be folded to yield one broad peak. In this paper, the issues are discussed with three examples: silica, silicon, and germanium. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - AMORPHOUS semiconductors
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13307820; Ju-Yin Cheng 1; Email Address: chengj2@rpi.edu Treacy, M. M. J. 2 Keblinski, P. J. 3 Gibson, J. M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytecnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180  4: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p7779; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS semiconductors; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711174
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bang, Jungsik
AU  - Abrams, Billie
AU  - Wagner, Brent
AU  - Holloway, Paul H.
T1  - Effects of coatings on temporal cathodoluminescence quenching in ZnS:Ag,Cl phosphors.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7873
EP  - 7880
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Powder phosphors of ZnS:Ag,Cl coated with SiO2 (22 or 130 nm nanoparticles), SnO2 or Al2O3 showed different cathodoluminescent (CL) brightness versus time (temporal CL quenching) behavior as compared to noncoated phosphors. At high current density (e.g., 300–800 μA/cm2), the CL emission intensity of coated ZnS:Ag,Cl decayed over the first ∼15 s of electron beam irradiation, which was postulated to result from a large concentration of nonradiative surface centers generated during surface modification of the phosphor, and from localization of generated electrons at the surface due to primary beam-induced internal electric fields. During the first ∼15 s of excitation, generated electrons are postulated to be redistributed by this induced internal electric fields, resulting in increased nonradiative surface recombination between electrons and holes. The formation of a nonradiative surface layer either from electron-stimulated surface chemical reactions on coated or from heat treatment of noncoated ZnS:Ag,Cl powder phosphors were shown to affect temporal CL quenching. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHORS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 13307807; Bang, Jungsik 1; Email Address: jsbang@ufl.edu Abrams, Billie 1,2 Wagner, Brent 3 Holloway, Paul H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800-1421, Albuquerque, NM  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Technology Research Institute, Atlanta, Georgia; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p7873; Subject Term: PHOSPHORS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1748861
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reagor, D. W.
AU  - Lee, S. Y.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
T1  - Work function of the mixed-valent manganese perovskites.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7971
EP  - 7975
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have performed resistivity and work function measurements on a series of samples with Ln0.7D0.3MnO3 composition, where Ln is a lanthanide (La, Pr, or Nd) and D is a nominally divalent ion (Sr, Ca, or Pb). The resistivity measurements are, within some small variation, in agreement with those previously reported for polycrystalline samples of similar composition. The measurement of a work function in air is often difficult to reproduce, mainly owing to the fact that it is a surface probe and can be modified significantly by attachment of contaminants from the atmosphere. Here we have obtained reproducible results that are slightly more stable than the reference metals used in the measurements. This required the introduction of a higher order correction to a common Kelvin probe experimental procedure. Another factor contributing to the high quality of the results is the low carrier density of the conducting oxides. This allows greater penetration of quasistatic electric fields. The work function results here are in overall agreement with previous photoemission work that determined an approximate electron binding energy. We find the best correlation of increased work function is to strain introduced by larger divalent ions and smaller Lanthanide ions. We conclude that the work function is dominated by electrons near the divalent site, and this is interpreted in terms of strain modifying the coulomb energy of the electronic states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13307793; Reagor, D. W. 1; Email Address: reagor@lanl.gov Lee, S. Y. 1,2 Li, Y. 1 Jia, Q. X.; Affiliation:  1: Superconductor Technology, Center Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p7971; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737802
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blomqvist, P.
AU  - Krishnan, Kannan M.
AU  - McCready, David E.
T1  - Growth of exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 8019
EP  - 8022
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The growth of exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers has been investigated using x-ray diffraction. The bilayers were deposited on MgO(001) substrates in an ultrahigh-vacuum ion-beam sputter system. It was found that the orientation of the MnPd unit cell and the crystalline quality could be controlled as a function of the deposition temperature. Twinned a-axis oriented MnPd films are obtained below 100 °C while single-crystalline c-axis films are obtained above 450 °C. Intermediate temperatures yield a mixture of both orientations with a poor crystalline quality. Moreover, the interface quality depends strongly on the deposition temperature and also the order in which MnPd and Fe are deposited. The results clearly show that interdiffusion is initiated at the Fe/MnPd interface at a lower temperature as compared to the MnPd/Fe interface. The close relationship between the structural and magnetic properties is also discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - INTERFACE circuits
N1  - Accession Number: 13307785; Blomqvist, P. 1 Krishnan, Kannan M. 1; Email Address: kannanmk@u.washington.edu McCready, David E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p8019; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: INTERFACE circuits; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1713023
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, C. W.
AU  - Withrow, S. P.
AU  - Williams, J. M.
AU  - Budai, J. D.
AU  - Meldrum, A.
AU  - Sorge, K. D.
AU  - Thompson, J. R.
AU  - Boatner, L. A.
T1  - FePt nanoparticles formed in Al2O3 by ion beam synthesis: Annealing environment effects.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 8160
EP  - 8166
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The properties of FePt nanoparticles formed by the implantation of Fe+Pt into c-axis-oriented Al2O3 single crystals followed by thermal annealing are shown to be strongly dependent on the annealing environment. Annealing in a reducing environment (flowing Ar+4% H2, or ultrahigh vacuum) gives rise to ferromagnetic FePt nanoparticles with the L10 structure and very high magnetic coercivity (greater than 20 kOe). FePt alloy formation does not occur during annealing in an oxidizing environment. Instead, the implanted Pt precipitates out forming oriented Pt nanoparticles and the implanted Fe redistributes with ∼40% segregating to the surface where it forms epitaxial α-Fe2O3 precipitates at the surface; the remainder of the implanted Fe remains in the bulk, most likely in solid solution in the matrix. Results obtained by sequential annealing of Fe+Pt implanted samples in reducing (oxidizing) environments followed by annealing in an oxidizing (reducing) environment suggest that equilibrium, rather than kinetic, effects are responsible for the observed microstructures. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - OXIDIZING agents
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13307759; White, C. W. 1; Email Address: whitecw@solid.ssd.ornl.gov Withrow, S. P. 1 Williams, J. M. 2 Budai, J. D. 1 Meldrum, A. 3 Sorge, K. D. 4 Thompson, J. R. 1,4 Boatner, L. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Brontek Delta Corporation, Radford, Virginia  3: The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada  4: The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p8160; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: OXIDIZING agents; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737806
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, C. M.
AU  - Y. Zhang
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Duscher, G.
T1  - Microstructure of precipitated Au nanoclusters in TiO2.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 8185
EP  - 8193
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Gold nanoclusters dispersed in TiO2(110) single crystal have been formed by 2 MeV Au2+ implantation to an ion fluence of 6.0×1016 cm-2 at 300 and 975 K followed by annealing at 1275 K for 10 h. The morphological features, size, crystallographic orientation of the Au nanoclusters with respect to the TiO2 matrix, and the interface structure between the Au nanoclusters and TiO2 have been investigated using conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), electron diffractions, and high angle annular dark-field (HAADF) imaging in an aberration corrected scanning TEM (STEM). STEM-HAADF image directly reveals that Au atoms are in the substitutional Ti atomic columns in the TiO2 lattice prior to nucleation of Au cluster. An Atomic structural model of the interface between Au and TiO2 was established based on HRTEM and image simulations. The precipitated Au clusters show typical (111) twins. Au clusters are faceted along Au{112}, Au{111}, and Au{220} planes. Two types of orientation relationship can be identified, Au<110>//TiO2[001] and Au{111}//TiO2(200), and Au<110>//TiO2[001] and Au{111}//TiO2(110). These orientation relationships as well as the {111} twining feature in Au clusters are similarly observed for Au clusters grown on stoichiometric TiO2(110) free surface, indicating that the presently established orientation corresponds to the lowest interfacial energy for Au contacted with TiO2. This is essential for understanding the catalytic properties of Au supported on TiO2. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13307755; Wang, C. M. 1; Email Address: chongmin.wang@pnl.gov Y. Zhang 1 Shutthanandan, V. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Duscher, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 and Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p8185; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 11 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1748859
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, K.-C.
AU  - Porter, L. M.
AU  - Bentley, J.
AU  - Lu, C.-Y.
AU  - Cooper Jr., J.
T1  - Electrical, structural, and chemical analysis of silicon carbide-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistors.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 8252
EP  - 8257
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - In this study we investigated the morphology and interfacial chemistry of (0001) 4H-SiC-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) as a function of post-oxidation annealing in nitric oxide (NO) following wet oxidation. Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy analyses showed enhanced C/Si concentrations (up to 13%) at distinct locations along the SiO2/SiC interface in the MOSFETs that were not annealed in NO. In contrast, regions of enhanced C/Si concentration were not detected in the MOSFETs that were annealed in NO; instead, these samples showed a trace amount of interfacial N. The introduction of N may therefore be associated with a reduction of C in these samples and may contribute to the higher channel mobility (∼38 cm2/V s) in the samples annealed in NO relative to the samples that were not annealed in NO (∼9 cm2/V s). Rough SiO2/4H-SiC interfaces and nonuniform oxide thickness were observed on both the NO- and the non-NO-annealed samples. The rough interfaces shown in the transmission electron microscopy bright field images may also be an important factor limiting the channel mobility in SiC-based MOSFETs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductors
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 13307746; Chang, K.-C. 1 Porter, L. M. 1; Email Address: lporter@andrew.cmu.edu Bentley, J. 2 Lu, C.-Y. 3 Cooper Jr., J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  3: School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, Indiana; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p8252; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737801
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elmer, J. W.
AU  - Palmer, T. A.
AU  - Babu, S. S.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - DebRoy, T.
T1  - Phase transformation dynamics during welding of Ti–6Al–4V.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 8327
EP  - 8339
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - In situ time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TRXRD) experiments were used to track the evolution of the α→β→L→β→α/α′ phase transformation sequence during gas tungsten arc welding of Ti–6Al–4V. Synchrotron radiation was employed for the in situ measurements in both the fusion zone (FZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the weld, providing information about transformation rates under rapid heating and cooling conditions. The TRXRD data were coupled with the results of computational thermodynamic predictions of phase equilibria, and numerical modeling of the weld temperatures. The results show that significant superheat is required above the β transus temperature to complete the α→β transformation during weld heating, and that the amount of superheat decreases with distance from the center of the weld where the heating rates are lower. A Johnson–Mehl–Avrami phase transformation model yielded a set of kinetic parameters for the prediction of the α→β phase transformation during weld heating. Corresponding TRXRD measurements were made during weld cooling. In the HAZ, the β→α transformation during weld cooling was shown to initiate at the β transus temperature and terminate below the Ms temperature, resulting in a microstructure containing a substantial fraction of α′ martensite. In the FZ, the β→α transformation during weld cooling was shown to initiate below the Ms temperature, and to completely transform the microstructure to α′ martensite. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - WELDING
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - HEATING
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13307734; Elmer, J. W. 1; Email Address: elmer@llnl.gov Palmer, T. A. 1 Babu, S. S. 2 Zhang, W. 3 DebRoy, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  3: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p8327; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: WELDING; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737476
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li Li
AU  - Weidner, Donald J.
AU  - Jiuhua Chen
AU  - Vaughan, Michael T.
AU  - Davis, Maria
AU  - Durham, William B.
T1  - X-ray strain analysis at high pressure: Effect of plastic deformation in MgO.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 8357
EP  - 8365
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The factors that control the stress–strain state of a polycrystal under differential stress depend on whether or not plastic deformation has occurred in the solid. If not, then the elastic properties with the constraints of the Reuss–Voigt bounds limit this relationship. If plastic deformation becomes important then the Taylor and Sachs models are relevant. These models assume that the plastic process is enabled by dislocation flow on specific lattice planes and specific Burger’s vectors. Then, the relationship between stress and strain is controlled by the orientation of an individual grain with respect to the stress field, von Mises criterion, and the critical resolved stress on the dislocation that is necessary for flow. We use a self-consistent model to predict the flow stress during the plastic deformation of polycrystalline MgO with a slip system of {110}<110>, {111}<110>, and {100}<011> at different critical resolved shear stress ratios for the different slip systems. The prediction of the models is correlated with the results of x-ray diffraction measurements. Uniaxial deformation experiments on polycrystalline and single-crystal MgO samples were conducted in situ using white x-ray diffraction with a multielement detector and multianvil high-pressure apparatus at a pressure up to 6 GPa and a temperature of 500 °C. A deformation DIA was used to generate pressure and control at a constant deformation rate. Elastic strains and plastic strains were monitored using x-ray diffraction spectra and x-ray imaging techniques, respectively. The correlation of the data and models suggests that the plastic models need to be used to describe the stress–strain observations with the presence of plasticity, while the Reuss and Voigt models are appropriate for the elastic region of deformation, before the onset of plastic deformation. The similarity of elastic strains among different lattice planes suggests that the {111} slip system is the most significant slip system in MgO at high pressure and high temperature. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - X-rays
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13307731; Li Li 1; Email Address: lilli@notes.cc.sunysb.edu Weidner, Donald J. 1 Jiuhua Chen 1 Vaughan, Michael T. 1 Davis, Maria 1 Durham, William B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York  2: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p8357; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1738532
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucheyev, S. O.
AU  - Felter, T. E.
T1  - Structural disorder produced in KH2PO4 by light-ion bombardment.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 95
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 8475
EP  - 8477
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We study structural disorder produced in tetragonal KH2PO4 (KDP) single crystals at room temperature by irradiation with MeV light ions. Results show that electronic energy loss plays a major role in the production of lattice defects in KDP. The effective diameters of ion tracks depend superlinearly on the electronic stopping power of energetic light ions. Structural lattice disorder is also accompanied by the formation of a network of cracks and blisters on the sample surface. Such irradiation-induced cracking and blistering typically evolve over extended periods of time (e.g., days) after bombardment and are strongly affected by ion irradiation and sample storage conditions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - IONS
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
N1  - Accession Number: 13307712; Kucheyev, S. O. 1; Email Address: kucheyev1@llnl.gov Felter, T. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p8475; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1745117
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stack, Andrew G.
AU  - Eggleston, Carrick M.
AU  - Engelhard, Mark H.
T1  - Reaction of hydroquinone with hematite: I. Study of adsorption by electrochemical-scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 274
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
EP  - 441
SN  - 00219797
AB  - The reaction of hematite with quinones and the quinone moieties of larger molecules may be an important factor in limiting the rate of reductive dissolution, especially by iron-reducing bacteria. Here, the electrochemical and physical properties of hydroquinone adsorbed on hematite surfaces at pH 2.5–3 were investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical-scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). An oxidation peak for hydroquinone was observed in the CV experiments, as well as (photo)reduction of iron and decomposition of the solvent. The EC-STM results indicate that hydroquinone sometimes forms an ordered monolayer with ∼1.1 QH2/nm2, but can be fairly disordered (especially when viewed at larger scales). XPS results indicate that hydroquinone and benzoquinone are retained at the interface in increasing amounts as the reaction proceeds, but reduced iron is not observed. These results suggest that quinones do not adsorb by an inner-sphere complex where adsorbate–surface interactions determine the adsorbate surface structure, but rather in an outer-sphere complex where interactions among the adsorbate molecules dominate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROQUINONE
KW  - HEMATITE
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - <f>α</f>-Fe2O3
KW  - Biological electron transfer
KW  - Hematite
KW  - Hydroquinone
KW  - Reductive dissolution
N1  - Accession Number: 13105955; Stack, Andrew G. 1; Email Address: astack@ucdavis.edu Eggleston, Carrick M. 1 Engelhard, Mark H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071-3006, USA  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-93, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 274 Issue 2, p433; Subject Term: HYDROQUINONE; Subject Term: HEMATITE; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>α</f>-Fe2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological electron transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hematite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroquinone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reductive dissolution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.12.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stack, Andrew G.
AU  - Rosso, Kevin M.
AU  - Smith, Dayle M.A.
AU  - Eggleston, Carrick M.
T1  - Reaction of hydroquinone with hematite: II. Calculated electron-transfer rates and comparison to the reductive dissolution rate
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 274
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 442
EP  - 450
SN  - 00219797
AB  - The rate of reaction of hematite with quinones and the quinone moieties of larger molecules may be an important factor in limiting the rate of reductive dissolution of hematite, especially by iron-reducing bacteria. It is possible that the rate of reductive dissolution of hematite in the presence of excess hydroquinone at pH 2.5 may be limited by the electron-transfer rate. Here, a reductive dissolution rate was measured and compared to electron-transfer rates calculated using Marcus theory. An experimental rate constant was measured at <f>9.5×10</f>-6 s-1 and the reaction order with respect to the hematite concentration was found to be 1.1. Both the dissolution rate and the reaction order of hematite concentration compare well with previous measurements. Of the Marcus theory calculations, the inner-sphere part of the reorganization energy and the electronic coupling matrix element for hydroquinone self-exchange electron transfer are calculated using ab initio methods. The second order self-exchange rate constant was calculated to be <f>1.3×10</f>7 M-1 s-1, which compares well with experimental measurements. Using previously published data calculated for hexaquairon(III)/(II), the calculated electron-transfer rate for the cross reaction with hydroquinone also compares well to experimental measurements. A hypothetical reductive dissolution rate is calculated using the first-order electron-transfer rate constant and the concentration of total adsorbed quinone. Three different models of the hematite surface are used as well as multiple estimates for the reduction potential, the surface charge, and the adsorption density of hydroquinone. No calculated dissolution rate is less than five orders of magnitude faster than the experimentally measured one. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROQUINONE
KW  - HEMATITE
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - <f>α</f>-Fe2O3
KW  - Biological electron transfer
KW  - Hematite
KW  - Hydroquinone
KW  - Marcus theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13105956; Stack, Andrew G. 1; Email Address: astack@ucdavis.edu Rosso, Kevin M. 2 Smith, Dayle M.A. 3 Eggleston, Carrick M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071-3006, USA  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Physics, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA 99362, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 274 Issue 2, p442; Subject Term: HYDROQUINONE; Subject Term: HEMATITE; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>α</f>-Fe2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological electron transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hematite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroquinone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Marcus theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.01.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pakula, K.
AU  - Bożek, R.
AU  - Baranowski, J.M.
AU  - Jasinski, J.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
T1  - Reduction of dislocation density in heteroepitaxial GaN: role of SiH4 treatment
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 267
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
SN  - 00220248
AB  - TEM and AFM data show that a significant reduction of threading dislocations in heteroepitaxial GaN/Al2O3 grown by MOCVD has been achieved. The reduction has been obtained by growth interruption followed by annealing in silane (SiH4). Density of threading dislocations in the GaN layer above the silane-exposed surface decreased to 5×107 cm-2 in comparison to 109 cm-2 in the layer below this surface. TEM data showed the existence of pyramidal pits at the silane-exposed surface. They were overgrown by the subsequent GaN layer. The presence of these pits indicates that the GaN surface was selectively etched during the silane flow. These pits were sites where dislocations drastically changed propagation direction from parallel to the c-axis to horizontal. Horizontal propagation of dislocations above the surface treated by silane (where formation of SiN was expected) suggests that the GaN layer in this region was grown in the lateral epitaxial overgrowth mode. EDX measurements performed at the interface between the SiH4-treated GaN layer and the subsequently grown GaN did not show any presence of Si. Therefore, it is believed that the dislocation reduction is related to the lateral overgrowth above the pits and not to the formation of a SiN interlayer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - A1. Atomic force microscopy
KW  - A1. Dislocations
KW  - A1. Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - A2. Lateral growth
KW  - A3. Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy
KW  - B1. Gallium nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 13388615; Pakula, K. 1; Email Address: krzysztof.pakula@fuw.edu.pl Bożek, R. 1 Baranowski, J.M. 1 Jasinski, J. 2 Liliental-Weber, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, Hoża 69, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 267 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Lateral growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Gallium nitride; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.03.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hageman, P.R.
AU  - Schaff, W.J.
AU  - Janinski, Jacek
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna
T1  - n-type doping of wurtzite GaN with germanium grown with plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 267
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 128
SN  - 00220248
AB  - In this paper, a study of germanium as n-type dopant in plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy of GaN is presented. The germanium incorporation is studied as a function of the germanium effusion cell temperature and growth temperature of the GaN layer. The influence of the doping concentration on the electrical, structural and morphological properties of the GaN layer will be studied using Hall and high-resolution X-ray measurements (rocking curve and <f>θ-2θ</f>) measurements. Optical examination of the surface morphology was performed with differential interference contrast microscopy, a scanning electron microscope or transmission electron microscope. Doping of GaN with germanium results in crack-free n-type material up to values of <f>n=4×1020</f> cm-3 with a 1:1 relation between carrier concentration and vapor pressure. Even higher carrier concentrations can be obtained, <f>n=3.6×1021</f> cm-3, but there are indications that the solubility limit of germanium in GaN of these layers is exceeded, thereby deteriorating the morphology of the surface of the layer and changing the electrical and structural properties. TEM measurements reveal that secondary phases are indeed formed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM crystals
KW  - GERMANIUM compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - A1. Doping
KW  - A3. Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - B1. Gallium compounds
KW  - B2. Semiconducting gallium compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 13388631; Hageman, P.R. 1; Email Address: paulh@sci.kun.nl Schaff, W.J. 2 Janinski, Jacek 3 Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Experimental Solid State Physics III, Faculty of Science, Mathematics and Computing Science, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 267 Issue 1/2, p123; Subject Term: GERMANIUM crystals; Subject Term: GERMANIUM compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Gallium compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting gallium compounds; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.03.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morosan, E.
AU  - Bud’ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
AU  - Torikachvili, M.S.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
T1  - Thermodynamic and transport properties of RAgGe (R=Tb–Lu) single crystals
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 277
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 298
EP  - 321
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Single crystals of the title compounds were grown out of an AgGe-rich ternary solution. Powder X-ray diffraction data confirmed the hexagonal AlNiZr-type structure (<f>P&6macr;2</f> m space group), an ordered variant of the Fe2P structure type. Antiferromagnetic ordering can be inferred from magnetization, resistance and specific heat measurements, with values of <f>TN</f> between 28.5 K for TbAgGe and 1.0 K for YbAgGe, which scale roughly with the de Gennes factor. Anisotropic <f>M(H)</f> measurements indicate one or more metamagnetic transitions when the external field is applied along the c-axis (for R=Tb) or perpendicular to it (R=Ho, Er, Tm), or even in both orientations as in the case of DyAgGe. Furthermore, the extreme anisotropy of the magnetization in TmAgGe, where magnetic moments lie in the ab-plane, provides the possibility of studying the angular dependence of metamagnetism in hexagonal compounds with the rare earth in orthorhombic point symmetry. YbAgGe has distinct properties from the rest of the series: an enhanced electronic specific heat coefficient γ≈(154.2±2.5) mJ/mol K2 and apparently small moment magnetic ordering below 1.0 K. This compound appears to be close to a quantum critical point. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - 75.50.Ee
KW  - Crystal electric field
KW  - Heavy fermion
KW  - Local moment magnetism
KW  - Metamagnetism
KW  - RAgSb
N1  - Accession Number: 13182367; Morosan, E. 1,2 Bud’ko, S.L. 1; Email Address: budko@ameslab.gov Canfield, P.C. 1,2 Torikachvili, M.S. 3 Lacerda, A.H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Department of Physics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 277 Issue 3, p298; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Ee; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal electric field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local moment magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metamagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: RAgSb; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.11.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Z. P.
AU  - Liu, C. T.
T1  - Role of minor alloying additions in formation of bulk metallic glasses: A Review.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3965
EP  - 3974
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Minor alloying addition or microalloying technology has already shown dramatic effects on glass formation and thermal stability of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). This paper intends to provide a comprehensive review of recent developments of this technology in the field of BMGs. The beneficial effects of minor alloying additions on the glass formation and the thermal stability of BMGs will be summarized and analyzed. In addition, principles and guidelines for future application of this technology will also be proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROALLOYING
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - LIQUID metals
N1  - Accession Number: 16622926; Lu, Z. P. 1; Email Address: luzp@ornl.gov Liu, C. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 39 Issue 12, p3965; Subject Term: MICROALLOYING; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bei, H.
AU  - Pharr, G. M.
AU  - George, E. P.
T1  - A review of directionally solidified intermetallic composites for high-temperature structural applications.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3975
EP  - 3984
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Alloys based on intermetallics have been considered for high temperature structural applications. However, many of these alloys suffer from intrinsic brittleness and low fracture toughness at ambient temperature. Therefore, ductile-phase-toughened intermetallic composites are being investigated as a means to improve the fracture toughness. A subset of this class of materials is in-situ composites produced by directional solidification of intermetallic eutectics. In this paper, we review recent developments related to the processing and properties of these composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - HIGH temperature chemistry
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALLIC composites
N1  - Accession Number: 16622925; Bei, H. 1 Pharr, G. M. 1,2 George, E. P. 1,2; Email Address: georgeep@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 39 Issue 12, p3975; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: HIGH temperature chemistry; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chialvo, A.A.
AU  - Simonson, J.M.
T1  - The effect of salt concentration on the structure of water in CaCl2 aqueous solutions
JO  - Journal of Molecular Liquids
JF  - Journal of Molecular Liquids
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 112
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
SN  - 01677322
AB  - The microstructure of water in aqueous CaCl2 solutions over a wide range of salt concentrations at T=298 K is characterized by molecular simulation to determine the effect of the ions on the structure of water. The structural results are subsequently used to test the validity of a recently proposed hypothesis, which equates the ion effect to a pressure or temperature effect on the structure of water in the aqueous solution. The simulation results indicate unequivocally that the changes of the water structure caused by the presence of ions in solution cannot be emulated as a pressure effect due to the local nature of such structure perturbation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Liquids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aqueous solution
KW  - CaCl2
KW  - Salt concentration
KW  - Water structure
N1  - Accession Number: 12777120; Chialvo, A.A.; Email Address: 2ac@ornl.gov Simonson, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Aqueous Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 112 Issue 1/2, p99; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aqueous solution; Author-Supplied Keyword: CaCl2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salt concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water structure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.molliq.2003.11.001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Capote, G.
AU  - Prioli, R.
AU  - Jardim, P.M.
AU  - Zanatta, A.R.
AU  - Jacobsohn, L.G.
AU  - Freire Jr., F.L.
T1  - Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films deposited by PECVD: influence of the substrate temperature on film growth and microstructure
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 338-340
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 508
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films (a-C:H) were deposited by rf-PECVD using 13 Pa methane (98%)–argon (2%) mixture or pure methane as precursor atmospheres. Samples were deposited at 250, 300 and 420 K. The self-bias voltage <f>(Vb)</f> ranged from -50 to -500 V. The deposition rates are temperature dependent in agreement with the adsorbed layer model and the films deposited at low-temperature substrate have a polymeric character, revealed by the high hydrogen content, low-density and internal stress. AFM results show that both the substrate temperature and the argon ion assistance bombardment have the same effect on the surface roughness, i.e., they increase the surface mobility of the adsorbed species, resulting in films with lower surface roughness. Raman results revealed an increase of the sp2 domains upon increase of self-bias voltage that is more important for films deposited at high-temperature. Independent on the substrate temperature, internal stress and hardness results present a maximum at around <f>Vb=-160</f> V for films deposited in Ar–CH4 atmospheres, while it appears at higher <f>Vb</f> for films deposited from pure methane atmosphere. These results confirm the importance of the ion bombardment during film growth on the mechanical properties of the films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13328561; Capote, G. 1 Prioli, R. 1 Jardim, P.M. 2 Zanatta, A.R. 3 Jacobsohn, L.G. 4 Freire Jr., F.L. 1; Email Address: lazaro@vdg.fis.puc-rio.br; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225-Gavea, Caixa Postal 38071, 22452-970, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil  2: Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais e Metalurgia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, 22453-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil  3: Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, P.O. Box 369, São Carlos 13560-250, SP, Brazil  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 338-340, p503; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Osiele, O.M.
AU  - Britton, D.T.
AU  - Härting, M.
AU  - Sperr, P.
AU  - Topič, M.
AU  - Shaheen, S.E.
AU  - Branz, H.M.
T1  - Defect structural characterization of organic polymer layers
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 338-340
M3  - Article
SP  - 612
EP  - 616
SN  - 00223093
AB  - In this paper, we study the effect of blending the conducting polymers, P3HT with the fullerene complex PCBM on its structural and defect characteristics. The films were deposited on glass substrates by spin casting, and were characterized with positron annihilation, microscopy and other techniques with regard to thickness, and structural homogeneity. The unblended polymers have positron annihilation characteristics similar to most non-polar polymers, exhibiting a relatively broad electron momentum distribution, a long-lived (>1 ns) positron state corresponding to the formation of orthopositronium, and strong-localization of the positron. Blending with PCBM causes the sample electron momentum distribution to narrow, and results in a single state with a lifetime of around 370 ps in both polymer mixtures. We postulate that this state corresponds to annihilation with low-momentum electrons in the fullerene cage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - GLASS
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 13328587; Osiele, O.M. 1; Email Address: osiele@science.uct.ac.za Britton, D.T. 1 Härting, M. 1 Sperr, P. 2 Topič, M. 1 Shaheen, S.E. 3 Branz, H.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa  2: Institut für Nukleare Festkörperphysik, Universität der Bundeswehr Mnchen, D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany  3: National Center for Photovoltaics, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 338-340, p612; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.053
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosso
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Smith
AU  - D. M. A.
AU  - Dupuis
AU  - M.
T1  - Aspects of Aqueous Iron and Manganese (II/III) Self-Exchange Electron Transfer Reactions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5242
EP  - 5248
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Ab initio methods were applied to the calculation of the reorganization energy λ and the electronic coupling matrix element VAB for the outer-sphere Fe(OH2)6II/III and Mn(OH2)6II/III self-exchange electron transfer (ET) reactions. For the Fe case, we find an appreciable effect on VAB depending on whether the minority spin electron occupies the dxy orbital or a mixture of dxz/dyz orbitals in the FeII ion. While these two possible nearly isoenergetic electron accepting states alter the magnitude and distance dependence of VAB, they do not affect the internal reorganization energy λI to any significant level. The magnitude and distance dependence of VAB are found to be strongly dependent on encounter orientation, as expected. VAB values for corner-to-corner encounter orientations are substantially larger at any given ET distance considered than those for face-to-face encounter orientations. Values of the decay parameter β are in good agreement with well-accepted values. The adiabaticity criterion is tied to orientation and distance dependence of VAB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - IRON
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 13524626; Rosso K. M. 1 Smith D. M. A. 1 Dupuis M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K8-96, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Physics, Whitman College, 345 Boyer Avenue, Walla Walla, Washington 99362; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 24, p5242; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: MATRICES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Awasthi, Vibhudutta
AU  - Meinken, George
AU  - Springer, Karen
AU  - Srivastava, Suresh C.
AU  - Freimuth, Paul
T1  - Biodistribution of Radioiodinated Adenovirus Fiber Protein Knob Domain after Intravenous Injection in Mice.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 6431
EP  - 6438
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - The knob domains from the fiber proteins of adenovirus serotypes 2 and 12 were labeled with radioiodine and then injected into the bloodstreams of mice. Knob proteins with functional binding sites for the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) were cleared rapidly from the circulation, with radioactivity appearing predominantly in the stomach, while knob mutants unable to bind to CAR remained in the blood circulation for a prolonged period. The clearance of radiolabeled wild-type knob from the blood was slowed by coinjecting an excess of unlabeled wild-type knob protein. An earlier study showed that 99mTc-labeled knob protein with intact CAR-binding activity also cleared rapidly from the blood circulation of mice, with radioactivity accumulating predominantly in the liver (K. R. Zinn et al., Gene Ther. 5:798-808, 1998). Together these results suggest that rapid clearance of knob protein from the blood results from specific binding to CAR in the liver and that the bound knob then enters a degradative pathway. The elevated levels of radioiodine in the stomach observed in our experiments are consistent with deiodination of labeled knob by dehalogenases in hepatocyte microsomes and uptake of the resultant free radioiodine by Na/I symporters in the gastric mucosa. Although CAR has been shown to localize in tight junctions of polarized epithelial cells, where it functions in intercellular adhesion, the results of our study suggest that a subset of CAR molecules in the liver is highly accessible to ligands in the blood and able to rapidly deliver bound ligand to an intracellular degradative compartment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADENOVIRUSES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - INTRAVENOUS injections
KW  - MICE -- Physiology
KW  - RADIOLABELING
KW  - CELLS
N1  - Accession Number: 13565845; Awasthi, Vibhudutta 1 Meinken, George 1 Springer, Karen 2 Srivastava, Suresh C. 1 Freimuth, Paul 2; Email Address: freimuth@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 78 Issue 12, p6431; Subject Term: ADENOVIRUSES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: INTRAVENOUS injections; Subject Term: MICE -- Physiology; Subject Term: RADIOLABELING; Subject Term: CELLS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 4 Black and White Photographs, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.12.6431-6438.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Tiezheng
AU  - Grignon, F.
AU  - Benson, D.J.
AU  - Vecchio, K.S.
AU  - Olevsky, E.A.
AU  - Jiang, Fengchun
AU  - Rohatgi, A.
AU  - Schwarz, R.B.
AU  - Meyers, M.A.
T1  - Modeling the elastic properties and damage evolution in Ti–Al3Ti metal–intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 374
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 26
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The mechanical performance of Ti–Al3Ti metal–intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites synthesized by a reactive foil sintering technique was evaluated. The elastic properties and anisotropy of the laminates were calculated and successfully compared with resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy (RUS) measurements. The effect of internal stresses due to differences in the thermal expansion coefficient on fracture toughness was analyzed. The principal mechanisms of damage initiation and accumulation were identified experimentally. The compressive strength was modeled by FEM using the Johnson–Holmquist constitutive equation. The computed results were successfully compared with experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC analysis (Engineering)
KW  - LAMINATED materials
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Damage evolution
KW  - FEM modeling
KW  - Laminate composites
KW  - Mechanical performance
N1  - Accession Number: 13236700; Li, Tiezheng 1,2 Grignon, F. 1 Benson, D.J. 1 Vecchio, K.S. 1 Olevsky, E.A. 2 Jiang, Fengchun 1 Rohatgi, A. 1 Schwarz, R.B. 3 Meyers, M.A. 1; Email Address: mameyers@mae.ucsd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411, USA  2: Mechanical Engineering Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1323, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 374 Issue 1/2, p10; Subject Term: ELASTIC analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: LAMINATED materials; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEM modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laminate composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical performance; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.09.074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, D.B.
AU  - Santella, M.L.
T1  - High temperature oxidation of Ni3Al alloy containing Cr, Zr, Mo, and B
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 374
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 223
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The oxidation behavior of a 74.028 Ni–16.004 Al–7.844 Cr–1.263 Zr–0.836 Mo–0.025 B at.% alloy, known as IC221M, has been studied at 900, 1000 and 1100 °C in air. Isothermal and cyclic weight gain measurements indicated that protective scales formed on the alloy at 900 and 1000 °C. At 1100 °C, massive scale spallation after 220 h of exposure was observed for cyclic oxidation conditions. The oxide scales consisted mainly of an outer NiO oxide layer, and inner, mixed oxides of α-Al2O3, NiAl2O4, and (monoclinic, tetragonal)-ZrO2. Some alumina and zirconia existed as internal oxide stringers. The oxide grains were frequently incorporated with dissolved, foreign cations such as Cr or Ni to a certain extent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - WEIGHT gain
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - Nickel aluminides based on Ni3Al
KW  - Oxidation
N1  - Accession Number: 13236726; Lee, D.B. 1; Email Address: dlee@yurim.skku.ac.kr Santella, M.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Plasma Surface Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 374 Issue 1/2, p217; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: WEIGHT gain; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel aluminides based on Ni3Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.02.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13236726&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palmer, T.A.
AU  - Elmer, J.W.
AU  - Babu, S.S.
T1  - Observations of ferrite/austenite transformations in the heat affected zone of 2205 duplex stainless steel spot welds using time resolved X-ray diffraction
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 374
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 321
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Time resolved X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) measurements are made in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) spot welds. Both the γ → δ and δ → γ transformations are monitored as a function of time during the rapid spot weld heating and cooling cycles. These observations are then correlated with calculated thermal cycles. Where the peak temperatures are highest (∼1342 °C), the γ → δ transformation proceeds to completion, leaving a ferritic microstructure at the end of heating. With lower peak temperatures, the γ → δ transformation proceeds to only partial completion, resulting in a microstructure containing both transformed and untransformed austenite. Further analyses of the individual diffraction patterns show shifts in the peak positions and peak widths as a function of both time and temperature. In addition, these changes in the peak characteristics are correlated with measured changes in the ferrite volume fraction. Such changes in the peak positions and widths during the γ → δ transformation provide an indication of changes occurring in each phase. These changes in peak properties can be correlated with the diffusion of nitrogen and other substitutional alloying elements, which are recognized as the primary mechanisms for this transformation. Upon cooling, the δ → γ transformation is observed to proceed from both the completely and partially transformed microstructural regions in the TRXRD data. An examination of the resulting microstructures confirms the TRXRD observation as the evidence shows that austenite both nucleates and grows from the ferritic microstructure at locations closest to the fusion zone boundary and grows from untransformed austenite grains at locations further from this boundary. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - CORROSION resistant alloys
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - Austenite
KW  - Duplex stainless steels
KW  - Ferrite
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Time resolved X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13236738; Palmer, T.A. 1; Email Address: palmer18@llnl.gov Elmer, J.W. 1 Babu, S.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 374 Issue 1/2, p307; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: CORROSION resistant alloys; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Austenite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Duplex stainless steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time resolved X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.03.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yie Liu
AU  - Snow, Bryan E.
AU  - Kickhoefer, Valerie A.
AU  - Erdmann, Natalie
AU  - Wen Zhou
AU  - Wakeham, Andrew
AU  - Gomez, Marla
AU  - Rome, Leonard H.
AU  - Harrington, Lea
T1  - Vault Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Is Associated with Mammalian Telomerase and Is Dispensable for Telomerase Function and Vault Structure In Vivo.
JO  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
JF  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 24
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5314
EP  - 5323
SN  - 02707306
AB  - Vault poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (VPARP) was originally identified as a minor protein component of the vault ribonucleoprotein particle, which may be involved in molecular assembly or subcellular transport. In addition to the association of VPARP with the cytoplasmic vault particle, subpopulations of VPARP localize to the nucleus and the mitotic spindle, indicating that VPARP may have other cellular functions. We found that VPARP was associated with telomerase activity and interacted with exogenously expressed telomerase-associated protein 1 (TEP1) in human cells. To study the possible role of VPARP in telomerase and vault complexes in vivo, mVparp-deficient mice were generated. Mice deficient in mVparp were viable and fertile for up to five generations, with no apparent changes in telomerase activity or telomere length. Vaults purified from mVparpdeficient mouse liver appeared intact, and no defect in association with other vault components was observed. Mice deficient in mTep1, whose disruption alone does not affect telomere function but does affect the stability of vault RNA, showed no additional telomerase or telomere-related phenotypes when the mTep1 deficiency was combined with an mVparp deficiency. These data suggest that murine mTep1 and mVparp, alone or in combination, are dispensable for normal development, telomerase catalysis, telomere length maintenance, and vault structure in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular & Cellular Biology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - TELOMERASE
KW  - RODENTS
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - MICE
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - BILIARY tract
N1  - Accession Number: 13789118; Yie Liu 1,2; Email Address: liuy3@ornl.gov Snow, Bryan E. 1 Kickhoefer, Valerie A. 3 Erdmann, Natalie 1 Wen Zhou 4 Wakeham, Andrew 1 Gomez, Marla 2 Rome, Leonard H. 3,5 Harrington, Lea 1,6; Email Address: leah@uhnres.utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: Ontario Cancer Institute/Advanced Medical Discovery Institute, Toronto, Ontarion M5G 2C1  2: Functional Genomics Group/Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine  4: Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320  5: Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095  6: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 24 Issue 12, p5314; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: TELOMERASE; Subject Term: RODENTS; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: MICE; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: BILIARY tract; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 12 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/MCB.24.12.5314-5323.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Olson Reichhardt, C.J.
AU  - Reichhardt, C.
AU  - Martin, I.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Dynamics and melting of stripes, crystals, and bubbles with quenched disorder
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 193
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
EP  - 309
SN  - 01672789
AB  - Two-dimensional systems in which there is a competition between long-range repulsion and short-range attraction exhibit a remarkable variety of patterns such as stripes, bubbles, and labyrinths. Such systems include magnetic films, Langmuir monolayers, polymers, gels, water–oil mixtures, and two-dimensional electron systems. In many of these systems quenched disorder from the underlying substrate may be present. We examine the dynamics and stripe formation in the presence of both an applied dc drive and quenched disorder. When the disorder strength exceeds a critical value, an applied dc drive can induce a dynamical stripe ordering transition to a state that is more ordered than the originating undriven, unpinned pattern. We also consider the melting transition of the different patterns. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUBBLES
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Quenched disorder
KW  - Short- and long-range interactions
KW  - Two-dimensional systems
N1  - Accession Number: 13291381; Olson Reichhardt, C.J.; Email Address: cjrx@lanl.gov Reichhardt, C. 1 Martin, I. 1 Bishop, A.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Science, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-12, MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 193 Issue 1-4, p303; Subject Term: BUBBLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Quenched disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short- and long-range interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-dimensional systems; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2004.01.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fiquet, G.
AU  - Badro, J.
AU  - Guyot, F.
AU  - Bellin, Ch.
AU  - Krisch, M.
AU  - Antonangeli, D.
AU  - Requardt, H.
AU  - Mermet, A.
AU  - Farber, D.
AU  - Aracne-Ruddle, C.
AU  - Zhang, J.
T1  - Application of inelastic X-ray scattering to the measurements of acoustic wave velocities in geophysical materials at very high pressure
JO  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
JF  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 143-144
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 18
SN  - 00319201
AB  - Reference Earth global models used by geophysicists are mostly constrained by analysing seismic waves that travel in the Earth. The interpretation of these seismological models in terms of chemical composition and temperature thus relies on the knowledge of the chemical composition, structure and elastic properties of some candidate materials relevant to geophysics. We will describe some recent advances in experimental mineral physics which yield essential information on the elastic properties of pertinent materials of Earth’s mantle and core. In particular, we show that inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) proves to be a well suited spectroscopic technique for the study of phonon dispersion in materials under high pressure. Inelastic scattering experiments carried out on polycrystalline samples provide measurements of orientationally averaged longitudinal acoustic velocities whereas investigations on single crystals yield elastic moduli. Such a technique is thus highly interesting for mineral physicists and offers a great potential in providing essential elastic data and their pressure and/or temperature dependence on most compounds of geophysical interest. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
KW  - SEISMIC waves
KW  - GEOPHYSICISTS
KW  - Earth’s interior
KW  - Elasticity
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Mineral physics
KW  - Physical properties
KW  - Techniques
N1  - Accession Number: 13181348; Fiquet, G. 1; Email Address: fiquet@lmcp.jussieu.fr Badro, J. 1 Guyot, F. 1 Bellin, Ch. 1 Krisch, M. 2 Antonangeli, D. 2 Requardt, H. 2 Mermet, A. 2 Farber, D. 3 Aracne-Ruddle, C. 3 Zhang, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Minéralogie Cristallographie, UMR CNRS 7590, Universités Paris VI et VII, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, cedex 05, France  2: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP220, 38043 Grenoble, cedex, France  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, 4000 East Ave., 94550 Livermore, CA USA  4: CHiPR and Department of Geosciences, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 143-144, p5; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: SEISMIC waves; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICISTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earth’s interior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Techniques; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pepi.2003.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Yousheng
AU  - Shankland, Thomas J.
AU  - Linhardt, Sven
AU  - Rubie, David C.
AU  - Langenhorst, Falko
AU  - Klasinski, Kurt
T1  - Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of olivine, wadsleyite and ringwoodite to 20 GPa and 1373 K
JO  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
JF  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 143-144
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 336
SN  - 00319201
AB  - We present results of lattice thermal diffusivity measurements on (Mg0.9Fe0.1)2SiO4 olivine and its high-pressure polymorphs wadsleyite and ringwoodite under mantle conditions. We used the Ångström method on cylindrical samples in multianvil apparatus at pressures up to 20 GPa and temperatures up to 1373 K. Because of the fine polycrystallinity of the specimens (∼30-40 μm or less), there is strong scattering/absorption of light and suppression of radiative transport so that the lattice vibrational component is the dominant heat transfer mode. Lattice thermal conductivities were calculated from the thermal diffusivity results using heat capacity and equation of state data. Olivine thermal conductivities are consistent with previous results obtained at 1 atm [e.g. J. Am. Ceramic Soc. 38 (1954) 107; J. Geophys. Res. 77 (1972) 6966; Science 283 (1999) 1699]. Thermal conductivity increases by approximately 30% at the transition from olivine to wadsleyite (corresponding to the 410 km discontinuity) and a further, but smaller, increase may occur at the transition from wadsleyite to ringwoodite. For each of these phases, lattice conductivity closely follows a T-1/2 dependence on temperature T [Phys. Rev. 119 (1960) 507; J. Geophys. Res. 79 (1974) 703; Brown, 2002]. If such a dependence applies to other silicates and complex crystals, there should be a useful way to estimate conductivities at high temperatures from room temperature measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - Earth’s mantle
KW  - Heat transport
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Multianvil apparatus
KW  - Subducting lithosphere
N1  - Accession Number: 13181375; Xu, Yousheng 1; Email Address: yousheng.xu@yale.edu Shankland, Thomas J. 2 Linhardt, Sven 1 Rubie, David C. 1 Langenhorst, Falko 1 Klasinski, Kurt 1; Affiliation:  1: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany  2: Earth and Environmental Science Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 143-144, p321; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earth’s mantle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multianvil apparatus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subducting lithosphere; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pepi.2004.03.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Wenguang
AU  - Johnson, Christina L.
AU  - Wang, Hsing-Lin
T1  - Preparation and characterization of monolithic polyaniline–graphite composite actuators
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4769
EP  - 4775
SN  - 00323861
AB  - We report here the fabrication and characterization of novel, monolithic electrochemical actuators based on polyaniline (PANI) and a micrometer-sized graphite powder. These PANI–graphite thin films have a graphite-rich layer that renders composite thin film conductive at all redox states. The asymmetric distribution of graphite also allows for a bending movement as the films are subjected to electrochemical oxidation and reduction. The unique asymmetric structure and high conductivity of the films allow the actuators to be operated at lower redox potentials, with larger bending angles and longer life cycles. Our study also shows that most of the bending movements occur during the transition between the emeraldine base and the pernigraniline base. Judging from the CV and from the current generated when the square wave potential is applied, we note that the actuators appear very stable and show no signs of degradation after 50,000 working cycles operated at 1 Hz. The life cycles of these actuators exceed 120,000 cycles (>33.6 h) in a 1.0 M CH3SO3H aqueous solution. As we extend the oxidation potential to greater than 0.8 V, the PANI–graphite thin film starts to degrade with time. These results reveal the optimum conditions under which the actuators should be operated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - THIN films
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - Actuator
KW  - Graphite
KW  - Polyaniline
N1  - Accession Number: 13434872; Li, Wenguang 1 Johnson, Christina L. 1 Wang, Hsing-Lin; Email Address: hwang@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: MSJ586, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 45 Issue 14, p4769; Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actuator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyaniline; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fraser, Hunter B.
AU  - Hirsh, Aaron E.
AU  - Wall, Dennis P.
AU  - Eisen, Michael B.
T1  - Coevolution of gene expression among interacting proteins.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 101
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 9033
EP  - 9038
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Physically interacting proteins or parts of proteins are expected to evolve in a coordinated manner that preserves proper interactions. Such coevolution at the amino acid-sequence level is well documented and has been used to predict interacting proteins, domains, and amino acids. Interacting proteins are also often precisely coexpressed with one another, presumably to maintain proper stoichiometry among interacting components. Here, we show that the expression levels of physically interacting proteins coevolve. We estimate average expression levels of genes from four closely related fungi of the genus Saccharomyces using the codon adaptation index and show that expression levels of interacting proteins exhibit coordinated changes in these different species. We find that this coevolution of expression is a more powerful predictor of physical interaction than is coevolution of amino acid sequence. These results demonstrate that gene expression levels can coevolve, adding another dimension to the study of the coevolution of interacting proteins and underscoring the importance of maintaining coexpression of interacting proteins over evolutionary time. Our results also suggest that expression coevolution can be used for computational prediction of protein-protein interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES
KW  - SACCHAROMYCETACEAE
KW  - AMINO acids
N1  - Accession Number: 13592635; Fraser, Hunter B. 1; Email Address: hunter@ocf.berkeley.edu. Hirsh, Aaron E. 2 Wall, Dennis P. 3 Eisen, Michael B. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305  3: Department of Systems Biology and the Computational Biology Initiative, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115  4: Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 92720; Source Info: 6/15/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 24, p9033; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCETACEAE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0402591101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De, Amar K.
AU  - Murdock, David C.
AU  - Mataya, Martin C.
AU  - Speer, John G.
AU  - Matlock, David K.
T1  - Quantitative measurement of deformation-induced martensite in 304 stainless steel by X-ray diffraction
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 50
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1445
SN  - 13596462
AB  - A single X-ray diffraction scan is effectively used for identifying and evaluating deformation-induced transformation in 304 austenitic stainless steel. Variations in grain size influence surface constraint and hence the through-thickness transformation response. The initial stage of transformation in this steel is most likely dominated by <f>&epsiv;</f>–martensite formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Martensitic phase transformation
KW  - Shear bands
KW  - Stacking faults
KW  - Stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 12852562; De, Amar K. 1 Murdock, David C. 2 Mataya, Martin C. 3 Speer, John G. 1 Matlock, David K. 1; Email Address: dmatlock@mines.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Emerson Process Management, Micro Motion Inc., Boulder, CO 80301, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 50 Issue 12, p1445; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensitic phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear bands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stacking faults; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.03.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lei, Hua
AU  - Pitt, William G.
AU  - McGrath, Lucas K.
AU  - Ho, Clifford K.
T1  - Resistivity measurements of carbon–polymer composites in chemical sensors: impact of carbon concentration and geometry
JO  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
JF  - Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 101
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 122
EP  - 132
SN  - 09254005
AB  - Chemiresistor sensors comprised of conductive polymer composites have shown great potential in identifying gaseous analytes. The performance of these sensors depends on a number of parameters, including the geometry and concentration of the conductive component dispersed in the polymer. In this study, 64 chemiresistors representing eight different carbon concentrations (8–60 vol.% carbon) were constructed by depositing thin films of a carbon black–polyisobutylene composite onto concentric spiral platinum electrodes on a silicon chip. The impact of carbon concentration and geometry on the measured resistance and derived resistivity of the polymer composite was determined. The thickness and surface topography of each sensor was measured with a mechanical profilometer, and the resistance of each sensor was measured in dry air at room temperature. Finite element modeling was used to correlate the thickness and measured electrical resistance with the intrinsic resistivity of the polymer–carbon composite. The derived resistivity data fit the general effective media (GEM) model adequately, and the fitted parameters predicted values for percolation threshold and carbon resistivity that were consistent with published literature. Further finite element modeling showed that resistivity was a strong function of composite composition and thickness, but was relatively insensitive to the surface roughness of the composite on the sensor. The correlations developed herein can be used in reverse to calculate the thickness of the composite polymer film deposited on the solid substrate from a measurement of resistance in dry air. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CHEMICAL detectors
KW  - PERCOLATION
KW  - PROFILOMETER
KW  - Carbon–polymer composites
KW  - Chemiresistor sensor
KW  - General effective media equation
KW  - Resistivity measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 13167512; Lei, Hua 1 Pitt, William G. 1; Email Address: pitt@byu.edu McGrath, Lucas K. 2 Ho, Clifford K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, 350 Clyde Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 101 Issue 1/2, p122; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CHEMICAL detectors; Subject Term: PERCOLATION; Subject Term: PROFILOMETER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon–polymer composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemiresistor sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: General effective media equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistivity measurement; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.snb.2004.02.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breeze, A.J.
AU  - Schlesinger, Z.
AU  - Carter, S.A.
AU  - Tillmann, H.
AU  - Hörhold, H.-H.
T1  - Improving power efficiencies in polymer—polymer blend photovoltaics
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/06/15/
VL  - 83
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 271
SN  - 09270248
AB  - The use of blends of electron and hole transporting polymers has been shown to increase exciton dissociation and efficiency in polymer-based photovoltaics. We compare plain M3EH-PPV devices to M3EH-PPV:CN-ether-PPV blend devices, demonstrating the improved performance of blends. We vary the polymer layer thickness and device electrodes for M3EH-PPV:CN-ether-PPV polymer blend devices to investigate the factors limited device efficiency. We find that although the blends allow exciton dissociation to take place throughout the polymer layer, these devices are still limited by transport properties rather than by light absorption. Our best blend device, made with indium-tin oxide and Ca electrodes, gives a power conversion efficiency ηp=1.0%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT absorption
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Carrier mobility
KW  - Charge transport
KW  - CN-ether-PPV
KW  - Exciton dissociation
KW  - M3EH-PPV
KW  - Polymer blends
KW  - Polymer solar cells
KW  - Titanium dioxide solgel
N1  - Accession Number: 13236860; Breeze, A.J. 1 Schlesinger, Z. 2 Carter, S.A. 2; Email Address: sacarter@cats.ucsc.edu Tillmann, H. 3 Hörhold, H.-H. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Physics Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  3: Friedrich - Schiller - Universität, Jena, Germany; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 83 Issue 2/3, p263; Subject Term: LIGHT absorption; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carrier mobility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: CN-ether-PPV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exciton dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: M3EH-PPV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer blends; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer solar cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium dioxide solgel; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.02.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thaiji, Reema K.
AU  - Ellman, Jonathan A.
AU  - Bergman, Robert G.
T1  - Highly Efficient and Enantioselective Cyclization of Aromatic Imines via Directed C-H Bond Activation.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/16/
VL  - 126
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7192
EP  - 7193
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Despite substantial recent research activity in the C-H activation area, there is only one report on the catalytic enantioselective coupling of aromatic C-H bonds with alkenes. Recently, the article authors reported on the intramolecular alkylation of aromatic imines in which the alkene is tethered meta to the imine. This reaction exhibits a much broader alkene scope than that obtained in related systems and provides an efficient route to functionalized bicyclic ring systems that would be difficult to access by other methods. By allowing the coupling of highly substituted alkenes, this reaction enables the preparation of branched products bearing stereocenters. This article reports on development of an asymmetric variant of these reactions, leading to the first highly enantioselective catalytic reaction involving aromatic C-H bond activation.
KW  - ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis
KW  - AROMATICITY (Chemistry)
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - IMINES
KW  - BICYCLIC compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 13527627; Thaiji, Reema K. 1 Ellman, Jonathan A. 1; Email Address: jeIIman@ucIink.berkeIey.edu Bergman, Robert G. 2; Email Address: bergman@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 6/16/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 23, p7192; Subject Term: ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis; Subject Term: AROMATICITY (Chemistry); Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: IMINES; Subject Term: BICYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja0394986
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kohler, Nathan
AU  - Fryxell, Glen E.
AU  - Miqin3Zhang
T1  - A Bifunctional PoIy(ethylefle glycol) Silane Immobilized on Metallic Oxide-Based Nanoparticles for Conjugation with Cell Targeting Agents.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/16/
VL  - 126
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7206
EP  - 7211
SN  - 00027863
AB  - A trifluoroethylester-termina poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) silane was synthesized and self- assembled on iron oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticle system thus prepared has the flexibility to conjugate with cell targeting agents via either carboxylic or amine terminal groups for a number of biomedical applications, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and controlled drug delivery. The trifluoroethylester silane was synthesized by modifying a PEG diacid to form the corresponding bistrifluoroethylester (TFEE), followed by a reaction with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS). The APS coupled with PEG chains confers the stability of PEG self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and increases the PEG packing density on nanoparticles by establishing hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl and amine groups present within the monolayer structure. The success of the synthesis of the PEG TEFE silane was confirmed with 1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The conjugating flexibility of the PEG TEFE was demonstrated with folic acid that had carboxylic acid groups and amine terminal groups, respectively, and was confirmed by FTIR. TEM analysis showed the well-dispersed nanoparticles before and after they were coated with PEG and folic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILANE
KW  - SILANE compounds
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - ETHYLENE glycol
KW  - AMINES
N1  - Accession Number: 13527631; Kohler, Nathan 1 Fryxell, Glen E. 2 Miqin3Zhang 1; Email Address: mzhang@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Contribution from the Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120.  2: Materials Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 6/16/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 23, p7206; Subject Term: SILANE; Subject Term: SILANE compounds; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: ETHYLENE glycol; Subject Term: AMINES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja049195r
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walzer, Uwe
AU  - Hendel, Roland
AU  - Baumgardner, John
T1  - The effects of a variation of the radial viscosity profile on mantle evolution
JO  - Tectonophysics
JF  - Tectonophysics
Y1  - 2004/06/16/
VL  - 384
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 90
SN  - 00401951
AB  - The present paper describes a set of numerical experiments on the mantle''s thermal evolution with an infinite Prandtl number fluid in a compressible spherical shell heated mainly from within. We used the anelastic liquid approximation with Earth-like material parameters. The usual variable-viscosity approach in mantle-convection models is the assumption of a temperature dependence only. The resulting thermal boundary layers are included in our model also, but an additional viscosity profile of the interior mantle was derived: The Birch–Murnaghan equation was employed to derive the Grüneisen parameter and other physical quantities as a function of depth from observational values provided by PREM. We computed the melting temperature and a new mantle viscosity profile, called eta3, using the Grüneisen parameter, Lindemann''s law and some solid-state physics considerations. The new features of eta3 are a high-viscosity transition layer with rather high viscosity gradients at its boundaries, a second low-viscosity layer beginning under the 660-km discontinuity, and a strong viscosity increase in the central parts of the lower mantle. The rheology is Newtonian but it is supplemented by a viscoplastic yield stress, σy. A viscosity-level parameter, rn, and σy have been varied. For a medium-sized Rayleigh-number–yield-stress area, eta3 generates a stable, plate-tectonic behavior near the surface and simultaneously thin sheet-like downwellings in the depth. Outside this area, three other types of solution were found. Not only the planforms but also the evolution of the Rayleigh number, the reciprocal Urey number, the Nusselt number, the surface heat flow, etc., have been studied. We repeated this investigation with two very different basic viscosity profiles, etaKL5a and etaKM, of other authors. A comparison reveals that eta3 facilitates the generation of surface plates and thin sheet-like downwellings in the depth considerably more than etaKL5a or even etaKM. The presence of two internal low-viscosity layers is obviously conducive for plateness and thin sheet-like downwellings. For an infinite yield stress, the thin cold sheet-like downwellings are reticularly connected. However, the distribution of the downwellings is more Earth-like if a realistic yield stress is added. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tectonophysics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PHYSICAL constants
KW  - NUSSELT number
KW  - Evolution of the Earth
KW  - Mantle convection
KW  - Melting temperature
KW  - Plate-tectonic behavior
KW  - Viscosity profile
N1  - Accession Number: 13563090; Walzer, Uwe 1; Email Address: u.walzer@uni-jena.de Hendel, Roland 1 Baumgardner, John 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Geowissenschaften, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Burgweg 11, 07749 Jena, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B216 T-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 384 Issue 1-4, p55; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL constants; Subject Term: NUSSELT number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evolution of the Earth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mantle convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melting temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plate-tectonic behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscosity profile; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.02.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bowman, Gregory D.
AU  - O'Donnell, Mike
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural analysis of a eukaryotic sliding DNA clamp-clamp loader complex.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/17/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6993
M3  - Article
SP  - 724
EP  - 730
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Sliding clamps are ring-shaped proteins that encircle DNA and confer high processivity on DNA polymerases. Here we report the crystal structure of the five-protein clamp loader complex (replication factor-C, RFC) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bound to the sliding clamp (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA). Tight interfacial coordination of the ATP analogue ATP-?S by RFC results in a spiral arrangement of the ATPase domains of the clamp loader above the PCNA ring. Placement of a model for primed DNA within the central hole of PCNA reveals a striking correspondence between the RFC spiral and the grooves of the DNA double helix. This model, in which the clamp loader complex locks onto primed DNA in a screw-cap-like arrangement, provides a simple explanation for the process by which the engagement of primer-template junctions by the RFC:PCNA complex results in ATP hydrolysis and release of the sliding clamp on DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - EUKARYOTIC cells
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES
KW  - DNA replication
N1  - Accession Number: 13461031; Bowman, Gregory D. 1,2 O'Donnell, Mike 3 Kuriyan, John 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  3: Laboratory of DNA Replication, Howard Hughes, Medical Institutes, The Rockefeller University, New York, New york 10021, USA; Source Info: 6/17/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6993, p724; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: EUKARYOTIC cells; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES; Subject Term: DNA replication; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02585
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Reibe, M.
AU  - Häffner, H.
AU  - Roos, C.F.
AU  - Hänsel, W.
AU  - Benhelm, J.
AU  - Lancaster, G.P.T.
AU  - Körber, T.W.
AU  - Becher, C.
AU  - Schmidt-Kaler, F.
AU  - James, D.F.V.
AU  - Blatt, R.
T1  - Deterministic quantum teleportation with atoms.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/06/17/
VL  - 429
IS  - 6993
M3  - Letter
SP  - 734
EP  - 737
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Teleportation of a quantum state encompasses the complete transfer of information from one particle to another. The complete specification of the quantum state of a system generally requires an infinite amount of information, even for simple two-level systems (qubits). Moreover, the principles of quantum mechanics dictate that any measurement on a system immediately alters its state, while yielding at most one bit of information. The transfer of a state from one system to another (by performing measurements on the first and operations on the second) might therefore appear impossible. However, it has been shown that the entangling properties of quantum mechanics, in combination with classical communication, allow quantum-state teleportation to be performed. Teleportation using pairs of entangled photons has been demonstrated, but such techniques are probabilistic, requiring post-selection of measured photons. Here, we report deterministic quantum-state teleportation between a pair of trapped calcium ions. Following closely the original proposal, we create a highly entangled pair of ions and perform a complete Bell-state measurement involving one ion from this pair and a third source ion. State reconstruction conditioned on this measurement is then performed on the other half of the entangled pair. The measured fidelity is 75%, demonstrating unequivocally the quantum nature of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELEPORTATION
KW  - PSYCHOKINESIS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - IONS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13461034; Reibe, M. 1 Häffner, H. 1 Roos, C.F. 1 Hänsel, W. 1 Benhelm, J. 1 Lancaster, G.P.T. 1 Körber, T.W. 1 Becher, C. 1 Schmidt-Kaler, F. 1 James, D.F.V. 2 Blatt, R. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria  2: Theoretical Division T-4, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA  3: Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Technikerstra&Szlig;e 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Source Info: 6/17/2004, Vol. 429 Issue 6993, p734; Subject Term: TELEPORTATION; Subject Term: PSYCHOKINESIS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1038/nature02570
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barbieri, J.
AU  - Chapline, G.
T1  - Have nucleon decays already been seen?
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/06/17/
VL  - 590
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 12
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Within the framework of the classical theory of general relativity nothing remarkable is expected to happen to an observer falling into a large black hole other than the curious circumstance that after the observer crosses a certain surface, the “event horizon”, he can no longer communicate with the outside world. Although this prediction has been widely accepted in the physics community, it is inconsistent with quantum mechanics because it conflicts with the need for a universal time to define Schrödinger''s equation. It has been pointed out [Philos. Mag. B 281 (2001) 235, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 18 (2003) 831] that this inconsistency can be avoided if it is assumed that as the surface where general relativity predicts that the event horizon would be located is approached, the redshift does not actually go to infinity, but instead undergoes a continous phase transition to a de Sitter phase where the vacuum energy is much larger than the cosmological vacuum energy. Although we do not have a fundamental theory of such a phase transition, many features of quantum phase transitions are universal. This universality allows us to make predictions concerning the behavior of matter as it encounters the quantum critical region that replaces the event horizon. One of these predictions is that the nucleons falling onto the critical surface will decay directly into multi-MeV leptons and gamma rays with a characteristic spectrum. As it happens there are some hints from the spectra of cosmic gamma ray bursts and observations of positrons from the center of our galaxy that this is correct. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECIAL relativity (Physics)
KW  - COMMUNICATION
KW  - COSMOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13168167; Barbieri, J. 1; Email Address: barbierijf@earthlink.net Chapline, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Systems Development, NAWC-WD, China Lake, CA 93555, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 590 Issue 1/2, p8; Subject Term: SPECIAL relativity (Physics); Subject Term: COMMUNICATION; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burdman, Gustavo
T1  - Flavor violation in warped extra dimensions and CP asymmetries in <f>B</f> decays
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/06/17/
VL  - 590
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 94
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We show that CP asymmetries in <f>b→s</f> hadronic decays are potentially affected by the presence of massive color–octet particles strongly coupled to the third generation quarks. Theories with warped extra dimensions provide natural candidates in the Kaluza–Klein excitations of gluons in scenarios where flavor-breaking by bulk fermion masses results in the localization of fermion wave-functions. Topcolor models, in which a new gauge interaction leads to top-condensation and a large top mass, also result in the presence of these color–octet states with TeV masses. We find that large effects are possible in modes such as <f>B→φKs</f>, <f>B→η′Ks</f> and <f>B→π0Ks</f> among others. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Flavor
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 13168179; Burdman, Gustavo 1; Email Address: gaburdman@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 590 Issue 1/2, p86; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Flavor; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coker, Eric N.
AU  - Boyle, Timothy J.
AU  - Rodriguez, Mark A.
AU  - Alam, Todd M.
T1  - Structurally characterized magnesium carboxylates with tuned melting points
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2004/06/17/
VL  - 23
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1739
EP  - 1747
SN  - 02775387
AB  - A novel family of carboxylic acid modified Mg species has been synthesized through the reaction of Mg(OEt)2 with a series of sterically varied carboxylic acids (HORc) where HORc=HO2CMe (HOAc), HO2CCHMe2 (HOPc), HO2CCMe3 (HOBc) and HO2CCH2CMe3 (HONc). The resultant products were isolated as [Mg(OAc)2]3(HOAc)2(H2O)2 <f>·</f> 2(HOAc) (1), [Mg(OPc)2(HOPc)]6 (2), Mg(OBc)2(HOBc)4 (3) and [Mg(ONc)2(HONc)]6 (4). Compound 1 is trinuclear wherein the two terminal octahedral (Oh) bound Mg metal centers possess one terminal water, one terminal, one unidentate bridging and two bidentate bridging OAc ligands that symmetrically bind to the central Oh bound Mg cation. The water in 1 is believed to be generated in situ through an esterification process. In contrast, each of the six Mg atoms of 2 or 4 adopt a trigonal bipyramidal geometry by coordinating one terminal and four bidentate bridging ORc ligands that yield a ring (diameter 6.54 Å for 2 and 6.57 Å for 4) of bridging ORc ligands. Compound 3 binds two terminal OBc ligands and four terminal HOBc ligands to yield a monomeric complex with no water present. Standard analytical data were obtained but did not add significant amounts of information concerning the bulk properties of 1–4. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermal analysis indicated the melting point of these species was tunable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC acids
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
KW  - Dispersion processing
KW  - Magnesium carboxylate
KW  - Meltable
KW  - Thermal properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13387366; Coker, Eric N.; Email Address: encoker@sandia.gov Boyle, Timothy J.; Email Address: tjboyle@sandia.gov Rodriguez, Mark A. 1 Alam, Todd M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p1739; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersion processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium carboxylate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Meltable; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal properties; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.poly.2004.04.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schoonover, Jon R.
AU  - Marx, Rob
AU  - Nichols, William R.
T1  - Application of multivariate curve resolution analysis to FTIR kinetics data
JO  - Vibrational Spectroscopy
JF  - Vibrational Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/06/17/
VL  - 35
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 245
SN  - 09242031
AB  - Multivariate curve resolution (MCR) analysis has been utilized to extract spectra-like factors and concentration-related scores from Fourier transform infrared data sets. The infrared data sets are from the curing of a bismaleimide. The data and accompanying analysis are used to identify the curing temperature and the optimum experimental conditions for the curing. The MCR analysis provides a straightforward approach to assessing the data, unravels overlapping bands in the raw data, and assists in gaining insight to the chemistry of the curing of the bismaleimide of Cyanacure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Vibrational Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - MULTIVARIATE analysis
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - FTIR
KW  - Kinetics data
KW  - Multivariate curve resolution
N1  - Accession Number: 13066561; Schoonover, Jon R.; Email Address: schoons@lanl.gov Marx, Rob 1 Nichols, William R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 35 Issue 1/2, p239; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: MULTIVARIATE analysis; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multivariate curve resolution; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.vibspec.2004.02.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bochev, Pavel B.
AU  - Gunzburger, Max D.
AU  - Shadid, John N.
T1  - Stability of the SUPG finite element method for transient advection–diffusion problems
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/06/18/
VL  - 193
IS  - 23-26
M3  - Article
SP  - 2301
SN  - 00457825
AB  - Implicit time integration coupled with SUPG discretization in space leads to additional terms that provide consistency and improve the phase accuracy for convection dominated flows. Recently, it has been suggested that for small Courant numbers these terms may dominate the streamline diffusion term, ostensibly causing destabilization of the SUPG method. While consistent with a straightforward finite element stability analysis, this contention is not supported by computational experiments and contradicts earlier Von-Neumann stability analyses of the semidiscrete SUPG equations. This prompts us to re-examine finite element stability of the fully discrete SUPG equations. A careful analysis of the additional terms reveals that, regardless of the time step size, they are always dominated by the consistent mass matrix. Consequently, SUPG cannot be destabilized for small Courant numbers. Numerical results that illustrate our conclusions are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - Advection–diffusion problems
KW  - Generalized trapezoidal rule
KW  - Petrov–Galerkin methods
KW  - Stabilized finite element methods
N1  - Accession Number: 12838200; Bochev, Pavel B. 1; Email Address: pbboche@sandia.gov Gunzburger, Max D. 2; Email Address: gunzburg@csit.fsu.edu Shadid, John N. 3; Email Address: jnshadi@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Mathematics and Algorithms, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1110, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110, USA  2: School of Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4120, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Computational Sciences, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1111, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1110, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 193 Issue 23-26, p2301; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advection–diffusion problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Generalized trapezoidal rule; Author-Supplied Keyword: Petrov–Galerkin methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stabilized finite element methods; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2004.01.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nukala, Phani Kumar V.V.
AU  - White, Donald W.
T1  - A mixed finite element for three-dimensional nonlinear analysis of steel frames
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/06/18/
VL  - 193
IS  - 23-26
M3  - Article
SP  - 2507
SN  - 00457825
AB  - This paper develops and demonstrates a mixed beam finite element that can represent the inelastic three-dimensional stability behavior of frames composed of open-walled cross-section members. The kinematics of deformation of the element include finite rotation and warping of the cross-section due to torsion. The material inelasticity is based on a two-space model that includes the effect of shear stresses due to uniform torsion in addition to normal stresses due to axial force, biaxial bending, and bimoment. Initial geometric imperfections and residual stresses are accommodated. The formulation is based on a two-field (displacement and generalized stress) Hellinger–Reissner (HR) variational principle. The interpolation of the generalized stresses (i.e., cross-section stress resultants) along the element length is based on the geometrically-exact nonlinear governing differential equations of equilibrium. This leads to significant improvements in the accuracy over conventional displacement-based elements in problems involving highly nonlinear variations in the curvature along the member lengths due to geometric nonlinearity and/or distributed plasticity effects. Several numerical examples involving two- and three-dimensional elastic and inelastic stability behavior are presented to illustrate the capabilities of the formulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - Mixed finite element
KW  - Steel frames
KW  - Three-dimensional nonlinear analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12838208; Nukala, Phani Kumar V.V. 1 White, Donald W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6359, USA  2: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0355, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 193 Issue 23-26, p2507; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steel frames; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-dimensional nonlinear analysis; Number of Pages: 39p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2004.01.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Mark D.
AU  - Li-Rong Yu
AU  - Conrads, Thomas P.
AU  - Yoshito Kinoshita
AU  - Uo, Takuma
AU  - Matthews, Jesse D.
AU  - Sang-Won Lee
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Veenstra, Timothy D.
AU  - Morrison, Richard S.
T1  - Proteome Analysis of DNA Damage-induced Neuronal Death Using High Throughput Mass Spectrometry.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/18/
VL  - 279
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 26685
EP  - 26697
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Isotope-coded affinity tag reagents and high through-put mass spectrometry were used to quantitate changes in the expression of 150 proteins in mouse wild-type (p53+/+) cortical neurons undergoing DNA damage-induced death. Immunological techniques confirmed several of the changes in protein expression, but microarray analysis indicated that many of these changes were not accompanied by altered mRNA expression. Proteome analysis revealed perturbations in mitochondrial function, free radical production, and neuritogenesis that were not observed in p53-deficient neurons. Changes in Tau, cofilin, and other proteins recapitulated abnormalities observed in neurodegenerative states in vivo. Additionally, DNA damage caused a p53-dependent decrease in expression of members of the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway. PKA inhibition promoted death in the absence of DNA damage, revealing a novel mechanism by which endogenous down-regulation of PKA signaling may contribute to p53-dependent neuronal death. These data demonstrate the power of high throughput mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of the neuronal proteome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
N1  - Accession Number: 13828092; Johnson, Mark D. 1,2 Li-Rong Yu 3 Conrads, Thomas P. 3 Yoshito Kinoshita 1 Uo, Takuma 1 Matthews, Jesse D. 1 Sang-Won Lee 4 Smith, Richard D. 4 Veenstra, Timothy D. 3 Morrison, Richard S. 1,5; Email Address: yael@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Neurological Survey, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195-6470  2: Department of Neurological Surgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115  3: Biomedical Proteomics Program, SAIC Frederick, NCI-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702  4: Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  5: Dept. of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 356470, 1954 N.E. Pacific St., Seattle, Washington 98195-6470; Source Info: 6/18/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 25, p26685; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M401274200
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13828092&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sorensen, John H.
AU  - Shumpert, Barry L.
AU  - Vogt, Barbara M.
T1  - Planning for protective action decision making: evacuate or shelter-in-place
JO  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
Y1  - 2004/06/18/
VL  - 109
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
SN  - 03043894
AB  - Protecting the public from an airborne hazardous chemical release requires that appropriate protective actions be selected quickly. When deciding whether to recommend evacuation or shelter-in-place, decision makers must weigh the interaction of numerous factors that characterize the release, the meteorological conditions, and the populations that may be affected. This article examines the components of the protective action decision process and describes steps that should be taken in a planning context to prepare for efficient decision making during an emergency. Methods of organizing information to facilitate decision making are identified, and a model useful for detailed analysis of specific emergency scenarios is described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hazardous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PUBLIC shelters
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - HAZARDOUS substances
KW  - DISEASES -- Causes & theories of causation
KW  - Emergency planning
KW  - Evacuation
KW  - Hazardous chemical response
KW  - Protective action decision making
KW  - Shelter-in-place
N1  - Accession Number: 13333702; Sorensen, John H. 1 Shumpert, Barry L.; Email Address: shumpertbl@ornl.gov Vogt, Barbara M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 109 Issue 1-3, p1; Subject Term: PUBLIC shelters; Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS substances; Subject Term: DISEASES -- Causes & theories of causation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emergency planning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evacuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hazardous chemical response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protective action decision making; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shelter-in-place; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.03.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13333702&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, W.
AU  - Wang, C.M.
AU  - Wang, H.Q.
AU  - Henrich, V.E.
AU  - Altman, E.I.
T1  - Growth and surface structure of vanadium oxide on anatase (0 0 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/06/20/
VL  - 559
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 213
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Oxygen plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (OPA-MBE) of vanadium oxide on (1 × 4)-reconstructed anatase (0 0 1) thin films was studied using reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS and UPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XPS and UPS results showed that the vanadium was predominantly in the 5+ oxidation state after deposition of a monolayer at 525 K. After 1 ML of vanadia was deposited, the anatase (1 × 4)/(4 × 1) LEED and RHEED patterns were replaced by (1 × 1) patterns indicating that the vanadia lifts the reconstruction and suggesting that the monolayer is pseudomorphic. At 525 K, the V5+ oxidation state predominated in thicker films, however, no discernible LEED or RHEED patterns were seen after a few monolayers were deposited indicating that V2O5 epitaxy cannot be continued beyond 1 ML. When the growth temperature was increased to 750 K, RHEED patterns indicated no change in the surface structure after more than 20 ML of vanadia were deposited. Under these conditions, XPS peak positions were consistent with VO2. After growth at 775 K a c(2 × 2) LEED pattern attributed to half a monolayer of adsorbed oxygen on the VO2 surface was observed. The surface characterization data all pointed towards pseudomorphic growth of VO2 with a half monolayer of capping oxygen allowing the monolayer to achieve the V2O5 stoichiometry while maintaining the anatase structure. Bulk XRD data, however, were consistent with VO2(B), V6O13, and rutile VO2; none of which expose surfaces with the periodicity observed with RHEED and LEED. The reasons for the differences between the surface and bulk characterization are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VANADIUM oxide
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - and topography
KW  - Growth
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - morphology
KW  - Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED)
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Titanium oxide
KW  - Vanadium oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 13291159; Gao, W. 1 Wang, C.M. 2 Wang, H.Q. 3 Henrich, V.E. 3 Altman, E.I. 1; Email Address: eric.altman@yale.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, P.O. Box 208286, New Haven, CT 06520, USA  2: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 559 Issue 2/3, p201; Subject Term: VANADIUM oxide; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadium oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.04.028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13291159&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Q.
AU  - Gambino, R.J.
AU  - Sampath, S.
AU  - Lewis, L.H.
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - Baumberger, E.
AU  - Vaidya, A.
AU  - Xiong, H.
T1  - Effects of zinc loss on the magnetic properties of plasma-sprayed MnZn ferrites
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 52
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 3347
EP  - 3353
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Energy dispersive X-ray analysis performed on plasma-sprayed MnZn ferrite (MZF) single `splats'' shows a variation in zinc content within splats of different sizes after the spray process, even though the powder has the same starting stoichiometry. A simple model indicates that smaller particles have a higher zinc evaporation rate during the in-flight time. However, the significant decrease of zinc in smaller ferrite particles is mainly attributed to their large surface-to-volume ratio. Compositional differences due to a random cation distribution condition results in magnetic property variations among MZF splats. The coating inhomogeneity due to zinc loss increases the coercivity of the plasma-sprayed MnZn ferrites. The magnetic properties of the MnZn ferrites can be improved through long-range (diffusion) and short-range (ordering) cation redistribution upon low temperature annealing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - ZINC
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - MnZn ferrite
KW  - Plasma spray
KW  - Splat
N1  - Accession Number: 13332915; Yan, Q. 1; Email Address: qiyan@ic.sunysb.edu Gambino, R.J. 1 Sampath, S. 1 Lewis, L.H. 2 Li, L. 1 Baumberger, E. 1 Vaidya, A. 1 Xiong, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 480, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Mechanical Engineering Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 52 Issue 11, p3347; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: CATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: MnZn ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma spray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Splat; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.03.032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13332915&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ellis, A.R.
AU  - Majumdar, Amlan
AU  - Choi, K.K.
AU  - Reno, J.L.
AU  - Tsui, D.C.
T1  - Binary superlattice quantum-well infrared photodetectors for long-wavelength broadband detection.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5127
EP  - 5129
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have adopted a binary superlattice structure for long-wavelength broadband detection. In this superlattice, the basis contains two unequal wells, with which more energy states are created for broadband absorption. At the same time, responsivity is more uniform within the detection band because of mixing of wave functions from the two wells. This uniform line shape is particularly suitable for spectroscopy applications. The detector is designed to cover the entire 8–14 μm long-wavelength atmospheric window. The observed spectral widths are 5.2 and 5.6 μm for two nominally identical wafers. The photoresponse spectra from both wafers are nearly unchanged over a wide range of operating bias and temperature. The background-limited temperature is 50 K at 2 V bias for F/1.2 optics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13538800; Ellis, A.R. 1 Majumdar, Amlan 1; Email Address: amlan.majumdar@intel.com Choi, K.K. 2 Reno, J.L. 3 Tsui, D.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton Univeresity, Princeton, New Jersey 08544  2: U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 6/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 25, p5127; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1764932
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13538800&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoagland, R.G.
AU  - Hirth, J.P.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Mitlin, D.
T1  - Influence of surface steps on glide of threading dislocations during layer growth.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5136
EP  - 5138
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We discuss the relaxation of coherency stresses by glide of threading dislocations in a layer that is growing coherently on a substrate. Glide of threading dislocations becomes energetically favorable when the thickness of the layer exceeds a critical value, hc. Predicted values of hc are often less than indicated by experimental observations. We show that the energy associated with the creation or removal of steps on the surface of a growing layer is important in determining the hc associated with glide of threading dislocations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13538797; Hoagland, R.G. 1; Email Address: hoagland@lanl.gov Hirth, J.P. 1 Misra, A. 1 Mitlin, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 6/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 25, p5136; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1765199
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13538797&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siegal, M.P.
AU  - Overmyer, D.L.
AU  - Kaatz, F.H.
T1  - Controlling the site density of multiwall carbon nanotubes via growth conditions.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5156
EP  - 5158
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We present two complementary methods for controlling the site density of multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) directly as a function of growth conditions from 1011 to 107 CNTs/cm2. Several potential applications require significant spacing between individual CNTs. The first method shows that the site density varies with the heat of formation of the hydrocarbon gas used during CNT growth by thermal chemical vapor deposition. The second method demonstrates that the site density decreases with increasing residual stress of the metal catalyst/diffusion barrier layers. These methods are combined for wide-range control of CNT site density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13538790; Siegal, M.P. 1; Email Address: mpsiega@sandia.gov Overmyer, D.L. 1 Kaatz, F.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1421; Source Info: 6/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 25, p5156; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1765741
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13538790&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Du, Y.
AU  - Atha, S.
AU  - Hull, R.
AU  - Groves, J.F.
AU  - Lyubinetsky, I.
AU  - Baer, D.R.
T1  - Focused-ion-beam directed self-assembly of Cu2O islands on SrTiO3(100).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5213
EP  - 5215
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Nanoscale islands of Cu2O have been synthesized on single-crystal SrTiO3 (100) substrates using oxygen plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). Island growth location has been controlled by using an ex situ Ga+ focused ion beam (FIB) to modify the growth surface in discrete locations prior to island synthesis. The FIB modifications have generated surface topography with lateral dimensions of 150–200 nm. Ex situ atomic force microscopy study after island growth reveals that certain FIB substrate modification and MBE growth condition combinations lead to directed self-assembly of metal oxide islands at the edges of the FIB modified zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13538758; Du, Y. 1 Atha, S. 1 Hull, R. 1 Groves, J.F. 1; Email Address: jgroves@virginia.edu Lyubinetsky, I. 2 Baer, D.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 6/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 25, p5213; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1765212
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13538758&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wade, Elisabeth A.
AU  - Thomas Lorenz, K.
AU  - Chandler, David W.
AU  - Barr, James W.
AU  - Barnes, George L.
AU  - Cline, Joseph I.
T1  - Ion imaging studies of product rotational alignment in collisions of NO <f>(X2Π1/2, j=0.5)</f> with Ar
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 301
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 272
SN  - 03010104
AB  - The collision-induced rotational alignment of NO <f>(X2Π1/2, v=0, j=4.5</f>, 8.5, 11.5, 12.5, and 15.5) is measured for rotationally inelastic scattering of NO <f>(X2Π1/2, v=0, j=0.5)</f> with Ar at 520 ± 70 cm-1 of center-of-mass collision energy. The experiments are performed by velocity-mapped ion imaging with polarized <f>1+1′</f> REMPI of the scattered NO product. Differential cross-sections (DCSs), corrected for alignment effects, are also reported. While the alignment correction is important, it does not change the positions of the observed rotational rainbows. The alignment moments and DCSs are compared with calculations using Alexander''s CCSD(T) PESs. The theoretical and experimental DCSs show excellent agreement, as do the theoretical and experimental alignment moments for low <f>Δj</f>. For high <f>Δj</f> collisions and back-scattered trajectories, which sample the hard wall of the PES, the theoretical and experimental alignment moments show less agreement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR rotation
KW  - CENTER of mass
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NITRIC oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 13236877; Wade, Elisabeth A. 1; Email Address: ewade@mills.edu Thomas Lorenz, K. 1 Chandler, David W. 1; Email Address: chand@sandia.gov Barr, James W. 2 Barnes, George L. 2 Cline, Joseph I. 2; Email Address: cline@chem.unr.edu; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics Program, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 301 Issue 2/3, p261; Subject Term: MOLECULAR rotation; Subject Term: CENTER of mass; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.02.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13236877&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wodtke, Alec M.
AU  - Hansen, Nils
AU  - Robinson, Jason C.
AU  - Sveum, Niels E.
AU  - Goncher, Scott J.
AU  - Neumark, Daniel M.
T1  - The Cl to NCl branching ratio in 248-nm photolysis of chlorine azide
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 391
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
EP  - 337
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The primary reaction products from 248-nm chlorine azide photolysis are identified in a collision-free experiment. In contrast to all previous reports, the radical channel producing Cl + N3 (95 ± 3%) is seen to dominate the photochemistry. The molecular channel producing NCl + N2 (5 ± 3%) was also observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLORINE
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - AZIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 13388920; Wodtke, Alec M. 1; Email Address: wodtke@chem.ucsb.edu Hansen, Nils 1 Robinson, Jason C. 2,3 Sveum, Niels E. 2,3 Goncher, Scott J. 2,3 Neumark, Daniel M. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 391 Issue 4-6, p334; Subject Term: CHLORINE; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: AZIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325181 Alkali and chlorine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.113
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sapochak
AU  - L. S.
AU  - Falkowitz
AU  - A.
AU  - Ferris
AU  - K. F.
AU  - Steinberg
AU  - S.
AU  - Burrows
AU  - P. E.
T1  - Supramolecular Structures of Zinc (II) (8-Quinolinolato) Chelates.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 108
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 8558
EP  - 8566
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We investigate the oligomeric purity and stability of zinc (8-quinolinolato) (Znq2) and its methylated derivatives (nMeq2Zn, n = 2, 4, 5) through a combination of theoretical modeling of oligomerization energetics leading to supramolecular structures and experimental size-exclusion chromatography studies. Gas- and solution-phase (CHCl3) formation energies for dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric species are reported. Favorable gas-phase thermodynamics were calculated and found to favor tetrameric structures for all Znq2 chelates (~−50 kcal/mol for monomer dimerization to ~−35 kcal/mol for dimer dimerization), with the exception of 2Meq2Zn, which gave lower formation energies by 30−45% due to steric hindrance. Solvation model computations indicate that these energies are reduced by ~10−25% with the introduction of a dielectric medium. Computed structural parameters for the basic Zn−O core structure formed via bridging of phenolato oxygens do not change significantly as oligomer growth progresses. Size-exclusion chromatography experiments of crystalline and amorphous films (vapor deposited) dissolved in CHCl3 or CHCl3/DMSO mixtures showed that the dominant species for Znq2, 4Meq2Zn, and 5Meq2Zn is tetrameric, but partial disassociation to monomers can occur in the presence of nucleophilic solvent. The sterically hindered 2Meq2Zn was monomeric in all solvent systems. Implications for organic light-emitting devices using these materials are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - ZINC
N1  - Accession Number: 20632886; Sapochak L. S. 1 Falkowitz A. 1 Ferris K. F. 1 Steinberg S. 1 Burrows P. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003; Source Info: 6/21/2004, Vol. 108 Issue 25, p8558; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Subject Term: ZINC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brousmiche
AU  - D. W.
AU  - Serin
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Frechet
AU  - J. M. J.
AU  - He
AU  - G. S.
AU  - Lin
AU  - T.-C.
AU  - Chung
AU  - S.-J.
AU  - Prasad
AU  - P. N.
AU  - Kannan
AU  - R.
AU  - Tan
AU  - L.-S.
T1  - Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer in Novel Multiphoton Absorbing Dendritic Structures.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 108
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 8592
EP  - 8600
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A series of small dendritic structures containing one of two efficient multiphoton absorbing dyes at the periphery and a nile red derivative at the core have been synthesized. These molecules display efficient (>96%) fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the periphery to the core on selective excitation of the two-photon absorbing chromophore by either UV (linear absorption) or high-intensity IR (nonlinear absorption) radiation. In addition, a significant increase in core emission is observed on excitation of the peripheral chromophores, compared to direct excitation of the core. This “antenna effect” essentially doubles between increasing dendrimer generations within a series. The combination of the ability of the peripheral chromophores to absorb high-intensity IR radiation, coupled with a very efficient energy transfer process and a significant increase in the fluorescence of the acceptor chromophore, makes these molecules potentially useful for a variety of applications, including optical power limiting and biomedical imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 20632891; Brousmiche D. W. 1 Serin J. M. 1 Frechet J. M. J. 1 He G. S. 1 Lin T.-C. 1 Chung S.-J. 1 Prasad P. N. 1 Kannan R. 1 Tan L.-S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720-1460 and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 6/21/2004, Vol. 108 Issue 25, p8592; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fifield
AU  - L. S.
AU  - Dalton
AU  - L. R.
AU  - Addleman
AU  - R. S.
AU  - Galhotra
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Engelhard
AU  - M. H.
AU  - Fryxell
AU  - G. E.
AU  - Aardahl
AU  - C. L.
T1  - Noncovalent Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes with Molecular Anchors Using Supercritical Fluids.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 108
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 8737
EP  - 8741
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In this article, we describe a facile and effective method for the modification of multiwall carbon nanotubes with molecular anchor molecules using supercritical fluids (SCFs). Through choice of deposition conditions, the degree of loading in these nanotube-anchor structures can be controlled to achieve sub-monolayer, monolayer, or greater-than-monolayer coverage. This level of control represents a potential advantage of SCFs over liquid solvents for anchor deposition. Employment of the described technique is expected to enable the direct addition of desired chemical functionality to many carbon nanotube structures for a variety of applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 20632910; Fifield L. S. 1 Dalton L. R. 1 Addleman R. S. 1 Galhotra R. A. 1 Engelhard M. H. 1 Fryxell G. E. 1 Aardahl C. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700; Source Info: 6/21/2004, Vol. 108 Issue 25, p8737; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - ZACHOS, COSMAS
T1  - COMMENT ON "NONCOMMUTATIVITY AS A POSSIBLE ORIGIN OF THE ULTRAHIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAY AND THE TEV PHOTON PARADOXES".
JO  - Modern Physics Letters A
JF  - Modern Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 19
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 1483
EP  - 1487
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02177323
AB  - A Lorentz-noninvariant modification of the kinematic dispersion law was proposed in Ref. 1, claimed to be derivable from q-deformed noncommutative theory, and argued to evade ultrahigh energy threshold anomalies (trans-GKZ-cutoff cosmic rays and TeV-photons) by raising the respective thresholds. It is pointed out that such dispersion laws do not follow from deformed oscillator systems, and the proposed dispersion law is invalidated by tachyonic propagation, as well as photon instability, in addition to the process considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters A is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - TACHYONS
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - deformation of Lorentz invariance
KW  - non- commutativity.
KW  - non-commutativity
KW  - Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays
N1  - Accession Number: 13533573; ZACHOS, COSMAS 1; Email Address: zachos@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815; Source Info: 6/21/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 19, p1483; Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: TACHYONS; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: deformation of Lorentz invariance; Author-Supplied Keyword: non- commutativity.; Author-Supplied Keyword: non-commutativity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei, Xiangdong
AU  - Bade, Christopher M.
AU  - Caracappa, Anthony
AU  - Kageya, Tsuneo
AU  - Lincoln, Frank C.
AU  - Lowry, Micheal M.
AU  - Mahon, John C.
AU  - Sandorfi, Andrew M.
AU  - Thorn, Craig E.
AU  - Whisnant, C. Steven
T1  - New improvements leading to higher polarization frozen spin HD targets at the LEGS facility
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/06/21/
VL  - 526
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 162
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Double polarization experiments at the Laser Electron Gamma Source (LEGS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory have been performed with polarized photon beams and a polarized Hydrogen Deuteride (HD) frozen spin target. After polarizing at <f>15 T</f> and <f>17 mK</f> and subsequently reaching a frozen spin mode, a target was cold extracted (at <f>2.5 K</f> and <f>0.016 T</f>) and installed into an In-Beam Cryostat (IBC) which held the target at <f>0.7 T</f> and <f>1.25 K</f>. In-beam relaxation times of 13 days for polarized hydrogen and 36 days for polarized deuterium have been measured. Data were taken with 30% polarized-H and 6% polarized-D, although higher polarization levels have been achieved. Several new improvements are being implemented to improve the operating parameters of polarized HD targets. These include the fabrication of a vibration isolator to lower the polarizing temperature, the purchase of a new IBC to reach longer in-beam relaxation times with higher field and lower temperature (<f>1 T</f> and <f>200 mK</f>), the construction of a new cold transfer cryostat with a higher field <f>(0.13 T)</f> to reduce polarization loss during target transfers, and the installation of a much improved NMR system for polarization calibration and online monitoring. A summary of the existing data, the ongoing modifications and projection for future performance will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray sources
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - POLARIZED targets (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Brute force polarization
KW  - Frozen spin
KW  - HD
KW  - Polarized target
N1  - Accession Number: 13330721; Wei, Xiangdong 1; Email Address: xwei@bnl.gov Bade, Christopher M. 1,2 Caracappa, Anthony 1 Kageya, Tsuneo 1,3 Lincoln, Frank C. 1 Lowry, Micheal M. 1 Mahon, John C. 1,2 Sandorfi, Andrew M. 1 Thorn, Craig E. 1 Whisnant, C. Steven 4; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA  3: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA  4: James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 526 Issue 1/2, p157; Subject Term: GAMMA ray sources; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: POLARIZED targets (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Brute force polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frozen spin; Author-Supplied Keyword: HD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarized target; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.168
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Modey, William K.
AU  - Eatough, Delbert J.
AU  - Anderson, Richard R.
AU  - Martello, Donald V.
AU  - Takahama, Satoshi
AU  - Lucas, Leonard J.
AU  - Davidson, Cliff I.
T1  - Ambient fine particulate concentrations and chemical composition at two sampling sites in metropolitan Pittsburgh: a 2001 intensive summer study
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/06/22/
VL  - 38
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3165
EP  - 3178
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The concentration and chemical composition of ambient fine particulate material (PM2.5) is reported for two sampling sites in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania metropolitan area: the Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) PM study site south of the city center, and the Carnegie Mellon Pittsburgh Air Quality Study (PAQS) site 5 km east of central Pittsburgh established with funding by the EPA Supersites Program and by DOE-NETL. Data from these sampling sites were characterized by one to three-day episodes with PM2.5 concentrations (constructed from the sum of the chemical components) exceeding 40.0 μg m-3. The episodes were dominated by high concentrations of ammonium sulfate. The fine particle concentrations were compared with meteorological data from surface weather maps and a Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT model), with back-trajectories estimated over 24 h. High PM2.5 concentrations were associated with transition from a high pressure to a low pressure regime in advance of an approaching frontal system indicating long-range transport of pollutants. In contrast, fine particulate organic material appeared to be dominated by nearby sources. Distinct differences were observed in the diurnal variations in concentration between the two sites. The NETL site showed clear maximum concentrations of semi-volatile organic material (SVOM) during midday, and minimum concentrations of nonvolatile organic compounds in the afternoon. In contrast, the Carnegie Mellon PAQS site showed an absence of diurnal variation in SVOM, but still with minimum concentrations of nonvolatile organic compounds in the afternoon and evening. Neither site showed significant diurnal variation in ammonium sulfate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - METROPOLITAN areas
KW  - AMMONIUM sulfate
KW  - Local emissions
KW  - Long-range transport
KW  - Pittsburgh
KW  - PM2.5 composition
KW  - PM2.5 episode
KW  - PITTSBURGH Central High School (Pa.)
N1  - Accession Number: 13181671; Modey, William K. 1 Eatough, Delbert J. 1; Email Address: delbert_eatough@byu.edu Anderson, Richard R. 2 Martello, Donald V. 2 Takahama, Satoshi 3 Lucas, Leonard J. 3 Davidson, Cliff I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA  3: Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 38 Issue 20, p3165; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: METROPOLITAN areas; Subject Term: AMMONIUM sulfate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Local emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long-range transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pittsburgh; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM2.5 composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: PM2.5 episode; Company/Entity: PITTSBURGH Central High School (Pa.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Sheng-nian
AU  - Strachan, Alejandro
AU  - Swift, Damian C.
T1  - Nonequilibrium melting and crystallization of a model Lennard-Jones system.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 11640
EP  - 11649
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Nonequilibrium melting and crystallization of a model Lennard-Jones system were investigated with molecular dynamics simulations to quantify the maximum superheating/supercooling at fixed pressure, and over-pressurization/over-depressurization at fixed temperature. The temperature and pressure hystereses were found to be equivalent with regard to the Gibbs free energy barrier for nucleation of liquid or solid. These results place upper bounds on hysteretic effects of solidification and melting in high heating- and strain-rate experiments such as shock wave loading and release. The authors also demonstrate that the equilibrium melting temperature at a given pressure can be obtained directly from temperatures at the maximum superheating and supercooling on the temperature hysteresis; this approach, called the hysteresis method, is a conceptually simple and computationally inexpensive alternative to solid–liquid coexistence simulation and thermodynamic integration methods, and should be regarded as a general method. We also found that the extent of maximum superheating/supercooling is weakly pressure dependent, and the solid–liquid interfacial energy increases with pressure. The Lindemann fractional root-mean-squared displacement of solid and liquid at equilibrium and extreme metastable states is quantified, and is predicted to remain constant (0.14) at high pressures for solid at the equilibrium melting temperature.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - MELTING points
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13361804; Luo, Sheng-nian 1; Email Address: sIuo@IanI.gov Strachan, Alejandro 2 Swift, Damian C. 1; Affiliation:  1: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 6/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 24, p11640; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: MELTING points; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1755655
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gilbert, Benjamin
AU  - Zhang, Hengzhong
AU  - Huang, Feng
AU  - Banfield, Jillian F.
AU  - Ren, Yang
AU  - Haskel, Daniel
AU  - Lang, J. C.
AU  - Srajer, George
AU  - Jürgensen, Astrid
AU  - Waychunas, Glenn A.
T1  - Analysis and simulation of the structure of nanoparticles that undergo a surface-driven structural transformation.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 11785
EP  - 11795
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A room temperature solid-state structural transformation was observed in 3 nm ZnS nanoparticles in methanol following the addition of water (Zhang et al., Nature 424, 1025, 2003). Experimental wide angle x-ray scattering (WAXS), x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy measurements show a large increase in crystallinity associated with water addition, in agreement with molecular dynamics (MD) predictions. Here we perform first-shell EXAFS and pair distribution function analysis and whole-nanoparticle calculations of WAXS, EXAFS and XANES to compare structural data with the MD predictions. The predicted WAXS patterns give excellent agreement with data, while the predicted EXAFS and XANES spectra give poor agreement. Relative to WAXS, XANES and EXAFS spectra contain additional structural information related to the distribution of disorder. The discrepancy between the x-ray diffraction and x-ray absorption results indicates that structural disorder is partitioned between interior and surface regions more strongly than predicted in the MD simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 13361789; Gilbert, Benjamin 1; Email Address: bgilbert@cps.berkeley.edu Zhang, Hengzhong 1 Huang, Feng 1 Banfield, Jillian F. 1 Ren, Yang 2 Haskel, Daniel 2 Lang, J. C. 2 Srajer, George 2 Jürgensen, Astrid 3 Waychunas, Glenn A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne Natonal Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  3: Canadian Synchrotron Radiaton Facility, UW-Madison SRC, Stoughton, Wisconsin 53589-3097.  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 6/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 24, p11785; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1752890
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tikhonov, Aleksey M.
AU  - Pingali, Sal Venkatesh
AU  - Schiossmant, Mark L.
T1  - Molecular ordering and phase transitions in alkanol monolayers at the water–hexane interface.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/06/22/
VL  - 120
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 11822
EP  - 11838
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The interface between bulk water and bulk hexane solutions of n-alkanols (H(CH2)mOH, where m=20, 22, 24, or 30) is studied with x-ray reflectivity, x-ray off-specular diffuse scattering, and interfacial tension measurements. The alkanols adsorb to the interface to form a monolayer. The highest density, lowest temperature monolayers contain alkanol molecules with progressive disordering of the chain from the -CH2OH to the -CH3 group. In the terminal half of the chain that includes the -CH3 group the chain density is similar to that observed in bulk liquid alkanes just above their freezing temperature. The density in the alkanol headgroup region is 10% greater than either bulk water or the ordered headgroup region found in alkanol monolayers at the water–vapor interface. We conjecture that this higher density is a result of water penetration into the headgroup region of the disordered monolayer. A ratio of 1:3 water to alkanol molecules is consistent with our data. We also place an upper limit of one hexane to five or six alkanol molecules mixed into the alkyl chain region of the monolayer. In contrast, H(CH2)30OH at the water–vapor interface forms a close-packed, ordered phase of nearly rigid rods. Interfacial tension measurements as a function of temperature reveal a phase transition at the water–hexane interface with a significant change in interfacial excess entropy. This transition is between a low temperature interface that is nearly fully covered with alkanols to a higher temperature interface with a much lower density of alkanols. The transition for the shorter alkanols appears to be first order whereas the transition for the longer alkanols appears to be weakly first order or second order. The x-ray data are consistent with the presence of monolayer domains at the interface and determine the domain coverage (fraction of interface covered by alkanol domains) as a function of temperature. This temperature dependence is consistent with a theoretical model for a second order phase transition that accounts for the domain stabilization as a balance between line tension and long range dipole forces. Several aspects of our measurements indicate that the presence of domains represents the appearance of a spatially inhomogeneous phase rather than the coexistence of two homogeneous phases. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - HEXANE
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13361785; Tikhonov, Aleksey M. 1; Email Address: tikhonov@bnI.gov Pingali, Sal Venkatesh 2 Schiossmant, Mark L. 2,3; Email Address: schloss@uic.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of Chicago, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, and Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Synchrotron Light Source, Beamline X19C, Upton, New York 11973.  2: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Physics, Chicago, Illinois 60607.  3: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Chemistry Chicago, Illinois 60607.; Source Info: 6/22/2004, Vol. 120 Issue 24, p11822; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: HEXANE; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1752888
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13361785&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sauer
AU  - M. C. Jr.
AU  - Crowell
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Shkrob
AU  - I. A.
T1  - Electron Photodetachment from Aqueous Anions. 1. Quantum Yields for Generation of Hydrated Electron by 193 and 248 nm Laser Photoexcitation of Miscellaneous Inorganic Anions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/06/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5490
EP  - 5502
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy has been used to determine quantum yields for electron photodetachment in 193 nm and (where possible) 248 nm laser excitation of miscellaneous aqueous anions, including hexacyanoferrate(II), sulfate, halide anions (Cl-, Br-, and I-), pseudohalide anions (OH-, HS-, and CNS-), and several common inorganic anions for which no quantum yields have been reported heretofore:  SO32-, NO2-, NO3-, ClO3-, and ClO4-. Molar extinction coefficients for these anions and photoproducts of electron detachment from these anions at the excitation wavelengths were also determined. These results are discussed in the context of recent ultrafast kinetic studies and compared with the previous data obtained by product analyses. We suggest using electron photodetachment from the aqueous halide and pseudohalide anions as actinometric standards for time-resolved studies of aqueous photosystems in the UV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13532513; Sauer M. C. Jr. 1 Crowell R. A. 1 Shkrob I. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 108 Issue 25, p5490; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gnanakaran, S.
AU  - Hochstrasser, Robin M.
AU  - Garcia, Angel E.
T1  - Nature of structural inhomogeneities on folding a helix and their influence on spectral measurements.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/06/22/
VL  - 101
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 9229
EP  - 9234
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Extensive conformational sampling and calculations of vibrational coupling provide a quantitative basis for the structurally inhomogeneous spectra of the amide unit in aqueous solutions containing folded and unfolded state distributions of helices. Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations of the capped helical peptide, AA(AAKAA)3AAY, is carried out over a range of temperatures, where the system populates the folded and unfolded states. This sampling defines a set of ensembles that characterizes the conformational variability for configurations identified by their fraction of helical content. The effects of hydrogen bonding, both internal and external (with water), and the coupling between amide-I modes are computed as a function of temperature and helical content. End-to-end distance and coupling distributions are also computed. The solvent H-bonding, which is present at all temperatures, shifts the amide-I band toward lower frequency compared with the unsolvated band. Upon thermal denaturation of the peptide, the amide-I band shifts to higher frequency because the increase in solvent H-bonding fails to compensate for the loss in internal (helical) H-bonds. The loss of uniformity of the mode coupling along the helix at higher temperatures accounts for the well-known thermal broadening of the amide IR spectrum. The calculated inhomogeneities of segments of the peptide predict experimental properties of isotope-edited helices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BIOPHYSICS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 13836190; Gnanakaran, S. 1 Hochstrasser, Robin M. 2; Email Address: hochstra@sas.upenn.edu Garcia, Angel E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Ti 0-MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323.; Source Info: 6/22/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 25, p9229; Subject Term: AMIDES; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: BIOPHYSICS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0402933101
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13836190&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Jia, L. X.
AU  - Du, H. P.
AU  - Yang, G. D.
T1  - Computational Simulation of Refrigeration Process for BEPCII Superconducting Facilities.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
EP  - 118
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The main challenge to build the cryogenic system for the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider Upgrade is to accommodate the strong differences among three types of superconducting devices with regard to their structure, location, as well as the cryogenic operating requirement. Three kinds of cooling methods are applied in the overall cryogenic system, saturated liquid helium cooling for the SRF cavities, single-phase helium cooling for the SCQ magnets, and two-phase helium cooling for the SSM solenoid. The optimization for the BEPCII cryogenic system was carried out by using a large-scale computational simulation package. This paper presents thermal parameters and numerical analyses for the BEPCII cryogenic system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13868779; Wang, L. 1 Jia, L. X. 2 Du, H. P. 1 Yang, G. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, CHINA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774673
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868779&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Theilacker, J. C.
T1  - Twenty Years of Tevatron Operation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 146
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The superconducting Tevatron accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) has surpassed twenty years of operation. The Tevatron is still the highest energy particle accelerator in the world and will remain so until the commissioning of the LHC in Europe later this decade. The Tevatron has operated in a Fixed Target mode, accelerating a proton beam into stationary targets/detectors, as well as a Colliding Beam mode, continuously colliding counter rotating beams of protons and antiprotons. Upon completion, the Tevatron cryogenic system became the world’s largest helium refrigeration system. In 1993, the Tevatron cryogenic system was given the designation of International Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. The operational history, experiences and statistics of the Tevatron, with an emphasis on the cryogenic system, is presented. Improvements, upgrades and current challenges of the cryogenic system are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13868777; Theilacker, J. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p139; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774675
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868777&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jia, L. X.
AU  - Montag, C.
AU  - Tallerico, T.
AU  - Hirzel, W.
AU  - Nicoletti, A.
T1  - Pressure Oscillation in RHIC Cryogenic System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 154
EP  - 159
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Horizontal beam vibration around 10 Hz in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) have been identified and the possible sources to cause this vibration have been investigated. To determine the helium pressure oscillations as a possible primary vibration source, helium pressure measurements were carried out in the five cryogenic transfer lines at two valve boxes and six lead ports at one triplet cryostat for both magnet rings. Additionally, cold masses inside one triplet cryostat have also been equipped with accelerometers to further investigate the phenomenon. This paper reports the helium pressure oscillations, including one at 10 Hz with peak-to-peak pressure of 7 kPa, which is close to the frequency of beam vibration. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - CONTAINERS
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - ACCELEROMETERS
N1  - Accession Number: 13868775; Jia, L. X. 1 Montag, C. 1 Tallerico, T. 1 Hirzel, W. 1 Nicoletti, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p154; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: CONTAINERS; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: ACCELEROMETERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327213 Glass Container Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774677
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868775&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arenius, D.
AU  - Chronis, W.
AU  - Creel, J.
AU  - Dixon, K.
AU  - Ganni, V.
AU  - Knudsen, P.
T1  - Cryogenic System for the Spallation Neutron Source.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 200
EP  - 207
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is a neutron-scattering facility being built at Oak Ridge, TN for the US Department of Energy. The SNS accelerator linac consists of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities in cryostats (cryomodules). The linac cryomodules are cooled to 2.1 K by a 2300 watt cryogenic refrigeration system. As an SNS partner laboratory, Jefferson Lab is responsible for the installed integrated cryogenic system design for the SNS linac accelerator consisting of major subsystem equipment engineered and procured from industry. Jefferson Lab’s work included developing the major vendor subsystem equipment procurement specifications, equipment procurement, and the integrated system engineering support of the field installation and commissioning. The major cryogenic system components include liquid nitrogen storage, gaseous helium storage, cryogen distribution transfer line system, 2.1-K cold box consisting of four stages of cold compressors, 4.5-K cold box, warm helium compressors with its associated oil removal, gas management, helium purification, gas impurity monitoring systems, and the supportive utilities of electrical power, cooling water and instrument air. The system overview, project organization, the important aspects, and the capabilities of the cryogenic system are described. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - SYSTEM analysis
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - SANITATION
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - COMPRESSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13868769; Arenius, D. 1 Chronis, W. 1 Creel, J. 1 Dixon, K. 1 Ganni, V. 1 Knudsen, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p200; Subject Term: REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: SYSTEM analysis; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: SANITATION; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: COMPRESSORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333912 Air and Gas Compressor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774683
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868769&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carcagno, R. H.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Orris, D. F.
AU  - Peterson, T. J.
AU  - Rabehl, R. J.
T1  - A Cryogenic Test Stand for LHC Quadrupole Magnets.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 232
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new test stand for testing LHC interaction region (IR) quadrupole magnets at the Fermilab Magnet Test Facility has been designed and operated. The test stand uses a double bath system with a lambda plate to provide the magnet with a stagnant bath of pressurized He II at 1.9 K and 0.13 MPa. A cryostated magnet 0.91 m in diameter and up to 13 m in length can be accommodated. This paper describes the system design and operation. Issues related to both 4.5 K and 1.9 K operations and magnet quenching are highlighted. An overview of the data acquisition and cryogenics controls systems is also included. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - SYSTEM analysis
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - HEALTH facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 13868766; Carcagno, R. H. 1 Huang, Y. 1 Orris, D. F. 1 Peterson, T. J. 1 Rabehl, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, 60510, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p225; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: SYSTEM analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: HEALTH facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621498 All Other Outpatient Care Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774686
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868766&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson Jr., J. D.
AU  - Ganni, V.
AU  - Arenius, D. M.
AU  - Creel, J. D.
T1  - Determination of the Optimal Operating Parameters for the Jefferson Lab’s Cryogenic Cold Compressor System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
EP  - 264
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Jefferson Lab’s (JLab) Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) and Free Electron Laser (FEL) are supported by 2 K helium refrigerator known as the Central Helium Liquefier (CHL), which maintains a constant low vapor pressure over the accelerators’ large liquid helium inventory with a five-stage centrifugal compressor train. The cold compressor train operates with constrained discharge pressure and can be varied over a range of suction pressures and mass flows to meet the operational requirements of the two accelerators. Using data from commissioning and routine operations of the cold compressor system, the presented procedure predicts an operating point for each cold compressor such that maximum efficiency is attained for the overall cold compressor system for a given combination of mass flow and vapor pressure. The procedure predicts expected efficiency of the system and relative compressors speeds for operating vapor pressures from 4 to 2.5 kPa (corresponds to overall pressure ratios of 29 to 56) and flow rates of 135 g/s to 250 g/s. The results of the predictions are verified by test for a few operating conditions of mass flows and vapor pressures. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery
KW  - PRODUCT management
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - COMPRESSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13868762; Wilson Jr., J. D. 1 Ganni, V. 1 Arenius, D. M. 1 Creel, J. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Cryogenics Group, Newport News, Virginia, 23606, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p257; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery; Subject Term: PRODUCT management; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: COMPRESSORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333912 Air and Gas Compressor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774690
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868762&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klebaner, A. L.
AU  - Martinez, A.
AU  - Soyars, W. M.
AU  - Theilacker, J. C.
T1  - Pressure Field Study of the Tevatron Cold Compressors.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
EP  - 271
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Fermilab Tevatron cryogenic system utilizes high-speed centrifugal cold compressors, manufactured by Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. (IHI), for high-energy operations. The compressor is designed to pump 60 g/sec of 3.6 K saturated helium vapor at a pressure ratio of 2.8, with an off-design range of 40 to 70 g/sec. Operating speeds are between 40,000 and 95,000 rpm, with a speed of 80,000 rpm at the design point. Different heat loads and magnet quench performance of each of the twenty-four satellite refrigerators dictates different process pressure and flow rates of the cold compressors. Reducing the process flow rate can cause the centrifugal cold compressor to stop pumping and subsequently surge. Tests have been conducted at the Cryogenic Test Facility at Fermilab to map the pressure field and appropriate efficiency of the IHI hydrodynamic cold compressor. The information allows tuning of each of the twenty-four Tevatron satellite refrigerators to avoid cold compressor operation near the surge and choke lines. A new impeller has also been tested. The Tevatron cold compressor pressure field and efficiency data with the new impeller are presented in this paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - COMPRESSORS
KW  - HOUSEHOLD appliances
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
N1  - Accession Number: 13868761; Klebaner, A. L. 1 Martinez, A. 1 Soyars, W. M. 1 Theilacker, J. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p265; Subject Term: REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: COMPRESSORS; Subject Term: HOUSEHOLD appliances; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333912 Air and Gas Compressor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443141 Household Appliance Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335229 Other major appliance manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414220 Household appliance merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335228 Other Major Household Appliance Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774691
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868761&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nicoletti, A.
AU  - Reuter, A.
AU  - Sidi-Yekhlef, A.
AU  - Talty, P.
AU  - Quimby, E.
T1  - Design and Operation of the RHIC 80-K Cooler.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 289
EP  - 294
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A stand-alone cryogenic system designed to maintain the magnets of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at between 80 and 100 K during accelerator shutdown periods has been conceived and designed at Brookhaven National Laboratory and built by PHPK Technologies of Columbus, Ohio. Since most thermal contraction occurs above this temperature, this unit, referred to as the 80-K Cooler, will eliminate the stresses associated with thermal cycling. The cooling system will provide the necessary refrigeration by circulating cooled helium gas at approximately 1500 kPA through the RHIC heat shields and magnets. This helium is cooled by heat exchange with liquid nitrogen and circulated via three cold centrifugal pumps. The nominal delivered cooling capacity required to maintain the magnets at temperature is approximately 36 kW, primarily intercepted at the heat shield. The system also has separate heat exchangers for use as a pre-cooler from room temperature to 82 K. Selection of sextant or sextants for pre-cooling is designed into the RHIC cryogenic distribution system. Topics covered include Cooler design decisions, details of the Cooler as built, integration into the existing RHIC cryogenic system and initial operating experience. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - COOLING
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - HEAT exchangers
N1  - Accession Number: 13868758; Nicoletti, A. 1 Reuter, A. 1 Sidi-Yekhlef, A. 1 Talty, P. 1 Quimby, E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Cryogenic Engineering Group, Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p289; Subject Term: REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: HEAT exchangers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774694
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868758&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howell, M. P.
AU  - Richied, D. E.
AU  - Hatfield, D. R.
AU  - Stout, D. S.
AU  - Casagrande, F.
AU  - Neustadt, T.
AU  - Dixon, K.
T1  - Spallation Neutron Source Cryogenic Transfer Line.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 295
EP  - 301
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Spallation Neutron Source is a state-of-the-art neutron-scattering facility presently being constructed in Oak Ridge, TN as a collaborative effort among six national laboratories. The ion beam generated in the high-power particle-accelerator system is accelerated to 1 GeV in the superconducting portion of the linac. This acceleration is accomplished with niobium superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities operated at 2.1 K. Liquid helium supplied by a refrigerator system with a 2400-W capacity at 2.1 K and an 8300-W shield load at 38/50 K provides cooling to the niobium cavities. This paper details the design, fabrication, installation, and innovations of the cryogenic transfer line that transfers the helium to and from the cryomodules containing the niobium cavities. The transfer line is a four coaxial-pipe design with primary helium flow in the inner line, surrounded by a vacuum annulus, surrounded by a shield helium-flow annulus, surrounded by an outer vacuum annulus. This design is similar, with some key improvements, to that being used on the accelerator at Jefferson Laboratory. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - VACUUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13868757; Howell, M. P. 1 Richied, D. E. 1 Hatfield, D. R. 1 Stout, D. S. 1 Casagrande, F. 1 Neustadt, T. 1 Dixon, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility,Newport News, VA, 23606 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p295; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: VACUUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774695
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868757&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kelley, J. P.
AU  - Brown, D. P.
T1  - The Use of Supercritical Helium to Cool AHF Lens Magnets.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 356
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - It was envisioned that the superconducting lens magnets for the Advanced Hydrotest Facility (AHF), which was under study at Los Alamos National Laboratory, would be cooled with pool-boiling helium. However, a supercritical-cooling approach would relieve space and other constraints in critical areas, in addition to eliminating potential vapor-trapping in the magnets with the associated heat-transfer degradation. Also, a quench in a string of magnets cooled with supercritical (SC) helium may be easier to handle than for the pool-boiling case. This paper examines various approaches to a supercritical-helium cooled lens system for AHF and compares them to the pool-boiling approach. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - HELIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13868750; Kelley, J. P. 1 Brown, D. P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA  2: TechSource, Inc., Santa Fe, New Mexico, 87594, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p347; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: HELIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774702
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868750&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geynisman, M.
AU  - Bauer, P.
AU  - Bossert, R.
AU  - Darve, C.
AU  - Ewald, K.
AU  - Klebaner, A.
AU  - Limon, P.
AU  - Martinez, A.
T1  - Report on the First VLHC Photon Stop Cryogenic Design Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 386
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - As part of Fermilab’s study of a Very Large Hadron Collider (VLHC), a water-cooled photon stop was proposed as a device to intercept the synchrotron radiation emitted by the high-energy proton beams in the high-field superconducting magnets with minimal plug-cooling power. Photon stops are radiation absorbers operating at room temperature that protrude into the beam tube at the end of each bending magnet to scrape the synchrotron light emitted by the beam one magnet up-stream. Among the technological challenges regarding photon stops is their cryo-design. The photon stop is water-cooled and operates in a cryogenic environment. A careful cryo-design is therefore essential to enable operation at minimum heat transfer between the room temperature sections and the cryogenic parts. A photon stop cryo-design was developed and a prototype was built. This paper presents the results of the cryogenic experiments conducted on the first VLHC photon-stop prototype. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13868746; Geynisman, M. 1 Bauer, P. 1 Bossert, R. 1 Darve, C. 1 Ewald, K. 1 Klebaner, A. 1 Limon, P. 1 Martinez, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, 60510, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p379; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774706
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868746&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, J. R.
AU  - Miller, G. E.
AU  - Painter, T. A.
T1  - Cryostat Design for the “Bucket Test” of the NHMFL 900-MHz NMR Magnet.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 470
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The NHMFL 900-MHz magnet is a 40-MJ, 7-t solenoid designed for NMR spectrometry in a 105-mm warm bore. Prior to installation in its final cryostat, it was decided to test the magnet in an available “bucket” dewar to confirm proper operation of all components, requiring design and construction of a special cryostat for this purpose. The primary requirements for the cryostat were to use the existing bucket dewar (1.52-m i.d. × 3.66-m i.h.) and cool the magnet to near HeII temperatures as efficiently as possible. With the large and relatively short conduction path formed by the inner dewar wall and the 2 m3 vapor volume above the liquid capped by a 2 m2 surface at room temperature, the latter requirement was not an easy one to meet. In this paper we describe a cryostat design based on an internal, subatmospheric bath continuously fed by an external reservoir of normal liquid. The vapor stream evolved from the internal bath was used to intercept heat in various paths, e.g.: the incoming LHe stream, a system of radiation baffles in good thermal contact with the dewar wall, the vertical supports for the magnet, the main current leads for the magnet, and the multitude of minor leads for instrumentation. We report details of this design, its performance in tests of the 900-MHz magnet, and the potential for application of this design topology for cooling other magnets. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - SOLENOIDS -- Magnetic fields
N1  - Accession Number: 13868736; Miller, J. R. 1 Miller, G. E. 1 Painter, T. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p463; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS -- Magnetic fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774716
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868736&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, J. R.
AU  - Miller, G. E.
AU  - Cantrell, K. R.
AU  - Toplosky, V. J.
T1  - Design of Support Structure to Suppress Vibrations of the Magnet Vessel in the 900-MHz NMR Cryostat.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 478
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In magnet systems like the NHMFL’s 900-MHz NMR Spectrometry Magnet, parts-per-billion field quality is required. Since small movements of the magnet are transformed into temporal variations of the magnetic field, it is important to suppress these motions to the greatest practical degree. The cryostat for the 900-MHz magnet is equipped with an external damping system that greatly attenuates both vertical and horizontal vibrations greater than about 1 Hz, but lower-frequency perturbations can pass through essentially unabated. On the inside of the cryostat, the vertical support system for the magnet is both strong and stiff, having a natural frequency for vertical vibrations much greater than 1 Hz. However, that same structure is relatively weak against potential horizontal deflections, requiring additional horizontal stiffening to move the natural frequency well above 1 Hz. This paper describes the design process for this horizontal, anti-vibration system, including a discussion of various configurational and materials options, the expected mechanical performance of the selected design, and the optimization of the heat intercepts for minimum impact on the cryostat’s hold time. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 13868840; Miller, J. R. 1 Miller, G. E. 1 Cantrell, K. R. 1 Toplosky, V. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee, FL 32310; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p471; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774717
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868840&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, J. R.
AU  - Miller, G. E.
T1  - Design Options for a Magnet Support Column in the Cryostat of a Hybrid Magnet System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 479
EP  - 486
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In a hybrid magnet system, wherein superconducting and resistive magnet technologies are combined for attainment of the highest steady fields, a major design driver is the potential for extremely large realignment forces between the magnets should one fail, which is not an uncommon occurrence for the resistive magnet. A viable approach is to use a very strong and stiff structure, which typically requires the designer to deal with a large cross-section in the heat-conduction path and emphasizes the importance of optimizing this component through materials choices, distribution of heat intercepts, and configuration. As an example, the superconducting outsert of the present 45-T Hybrid sits atop a rugged, cylindrical support column with heat intercepts at 80 and 20 K and variation of the column’s wall thickness for sections in each temperature range. In this paper, we describe several practical design alternatives, compare their projected mechanical and thermal performance to the structure in the present 45-T Hybrid, and present test results from a model of one of the more promising options. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - MATERIALS at low temperatures
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - COOLING
N1  - Accession Number: 13868839; Miller, J. R. 1 Miller, G. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee,FL32310; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p479; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: MATERIALS at low temperatures; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: COOLING; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774718
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868839&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daly, E. F.
AU  - Hogan, J. P.
AU  - Campisi, I. E.
AU  - Drury, M.
AU  - Machie, D.
AU  - Preble, J.
AU  - Rode, C. H.
AU  - Whitlatch, T.
AU  - Wilson, K. M.
AU  - Wiseman, M.
T1  - Thermal Performance of the SNS Cryomodule.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 537
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - When complete, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) will provide a 1 GeV, 2 MW beam for experiments. One portion of the machine’s linac consists of over 80 Superconducting Radio-Frequency (SRF) 805 MHz cavities housed in a total of 23 cryomodules (CMs) operating at 2.1 K. Minimization of the total heat load is critical to machine performance since the refrigerator capacity is fixed. The total heat load of the cryomodules consists of the fixed static load and the dynamic heat load, which is proportional to the cavity performance. The heat load of the cryomodules is the single largest load to the cooling circuits of the refrigerator. During acceptance testing at Jefferson Lab, a series of measurements have been taken on the prototype and first three production CMs. Calorimetric measurements of the primary heat load and shield heat load are presented and discussed. Temperature measurements taken allow a comparison between actual and predicted thermal performance of two components unique to this cryomodule design: the helium gas-cooled fundamental power coupler (FPC) and the helium heat exchanger (HX). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - HEAT exchangers
N1  - Accession Number: 13868833; Daly, E. F. 1 Hogan, J. P. 1 Campisi, I. E. 1 Drury, M. 1 Machie, D. 1 Preble, J. 1 Rode, C. H. 1 Whitlatch, T. 1 Wilson, K. M. 1 Wiseman, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) Newport News, VA, 23606, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p531; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: HEAT exchangers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774724
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hogan, J. P.
AU  - Daly, E. F.
AU  - Fischer, J.
AU  - Guerra, A.
AU  - Machie, D.
AU  - Preble, J.
AU  - Takacs, J.
AU  - Wiseman, M.
T1  - Thermal Optimization in SRF Cryomodule Production.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 538
EP  - 543
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities are becoming the preferred method of particle acceleration for many new high energy physics projects around the world. These SRF cavities are assembled in series into a thermal structure known as a cryomodule (CM). Currently, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) is providing the superconducting cryomodules for both the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and the prototype for the energy upgrade to the JLab Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF). Once completed, the cryomodules are assembled in series to form a superconducting linear accelerator (LINAC) utilized primarily for particle physics research and development. During operation, the cryomodule maintains the temperature of the cavities at 2 K, while the external shell of the cryomodule is at ambient temperature (293 K). This paper will present the design, fabrication and assembly of the CM components in order to optimize thermal performance, which is vital to the SRF cavity operation. This thermal optimization will include both static and dynamic heat load considerations as well as design and assembly techniques. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13868832; Hogan, J. P. 1 Daly, E. F. 1 Fischer, J. 1 Guerra, A. 1 Machie, D. 1 Preble, J. 1 Takacs, J. 1 Wiseman, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport News, Virginia, 23606, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p538; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774725
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868832&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuerst, J. D.
AU  - Shepard, K. W.
AU  - Kedzie, M.
AU  - Kelly, M. P.
T1  - Cavities and Cryomodules for the RIA Driver Linac.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 568
EP  - 576
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We describe cavities, cryomodules, and associated subsystem concepts for the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) driver linac baseline design. Some alternative concepts are also presented. Beams from protons to uranium are accelerated with superconducting RF cavities operating from 57.5 MHz to 805 MHz. Substantial cost reduction over the baseline design may be achieved by replacing three classes of elliptical cell structures operating at 2 K by two classes of three-spoke drift tube structures. Cavity count and tunnel length are reduced while efficient cooling at 4.5 K for all linac structures may be possible. Issues include RF power requirements, microphonics, clean handling techniques, separate cavity and insulating vacuum systems, and heat load. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - URANIUM isotopes
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - COOLING
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges through gases
N1  - Accession Number: 13868828; Fuerst, J. D. 1 Shepard, K. W. 1 Kedzie, M. 1 Kelly, M. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p568; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: URANIUM isotopes; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges through gases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774729
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868828&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waynert, J. A.
AU  - Prenger, F. C.
AU  - Jankowski, T. A.
AU  - Stewart, J. A.
T1  - Long Term Vacuum Maintenance in HTS Equipment without External Pumping.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 635
EP  - 640
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - High temperature superconducting (HTS) devices being developed, such as motors, generators, and electric power transmission cables, are intended to replace conventional, room temperature equipment. As such, the cryogenic and vacuum operation of this equipment has to be nearly transparent to ensure market acceptance. The cryostat has to deliver a stable operating temperature requiring little or no maintenance for a period of years. To maintain a nearly constant and low heat load on the refrigeration system, the vacuum must be kept at less than about 7 mPa (5 × 10-5 torr), preferably with no external pumping system. This, in turn, requires the use of low outgassing materials, and adsorbers or getters that can effectively remove the residual gasses in the system. Each particular device differs in the system volume, the materials used, the fabrication and degassing techniques, the operating temperatures of the various components, and the availability and maintenance requirements, necessitating an individual analysis. In this paper, we present a general approach to determining the outgassing properties of typical materials used in HTS devices, the likely gas constituents, techniques for determining adsorber and getter materials and estimating the quantity of such materials needed based on the operating temperature of the device. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - MOTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC power transmission
KW  - PUMPING machinery
KW  - OUTGASSING (Low pressure environments)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13868820; Waynert, J. A. 1 Prenger, F. C. 1 Jankowski, T. A. 1 Stewart, J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p635; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: MOTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power transmission; Subject Term: PUMPING machinery; Subject Term: OUTGASSING (Low pressure environments); Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333996 Fluid Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333911 Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774737
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868820&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ambrosio, G.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Barzi, E.
AU  - Bhashyam, S.
AU  - Carcagno, R.
AU  - Feher, S.
AU  - Imbasciati, L.
AU  - Lamm, M.
AU  - Pischalnikov, Y.
AU  - Tartaglia, M.
AU  - Tompkins, J.
AU  - Zlobin, A. V.
T1  - Design Modifications, Fabrication and Test of HFDB-03 Racetrack Magnet Wound with Pre-Reacted Nb3Sn Rutherford Cable.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
EP  - 774
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A 10 T racetrack magnet (HFDB-03) wound with pre-reacted Nb3Sn Rutherford cable has been fabricated and tested at Fermilab. This magnet is the third one in a proof-of-principle series for the use of the React-and-Wind technology in common-coil dipole magnets for future accelerators. It consists of two flat racetrack coils (28 turns each) separated by 5 mm. The maximum field on the coil, at the short sample limit of 16530 A, is 10 tesla. The cable has 41 strands with 0.7 mm diameter and the minimum bend radius in the magnet ends is 90 mm. The predecessor of this magnet (HFDB-02) reached 78 % of the short sample limit at 7.7 T. The mechanical design was improved and the fabrication procedure was slightly modified in order to address possible causes of limitation. In this paper we present the mechanical design and analysis of HFDB-03, the modifications to the fabrication procedure and the test results. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - CABLES
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - ENGINEERING design
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 13868804; Ambrosio, G. 1 Andreev, N. 1 Barzi, E. 1 Bhashyam, S. 1 Carcagno, R. 1 Feher, S. 1 Imbasciati, L. 1 Lamm, M. 1 Pischalnikov, Y. 1 Tartaglia, M. 1 Tompkins, J. 1 Zlobin, A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P.O. Box 500, Batavia, EL 60510 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p767; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: CABLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: ENGINEERING design; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332618 Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332619 Other fabricated wire product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774753
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868804&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chichili, D. R.
AU  - Ambrosio, G.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Barzi, E.
AU  - Feher, S.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. S.
AU  - Kashikhin, V. V.
AU  - Yadav, S.
AU  - Yamada, R.
AU  - Zlobin, A. V.
T1  - Design, Fabrication and Testing of Nb3Sn Shell Type Coils in Mirror Magnet Configuration.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
EP  - 782
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Fermilab is involved in the development of Nb3Sn magnets for future hadron colliders. One of the magnet design options is based on cosine-theta coils and the wind-and-react approach. Three short dipole models of this type were fabricated and tested revealing serious problems in magnet quench performance. To effectively address these issues, coil tests were continued in a mirror magnet configuration, where one coil was replaced with a half-cylinder of low carbon steel (the magnetic mirror) inside the magnet mechanical structure. This approach has reduced the fabrication cost and time as well as improved the coil instrumentation. The paper summarizes the magnetic and mechanical design of mirror magnet configuration along with fabrication details. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - CARBON steel
KW  - MAGNETIC mirrors
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 13868803; Chichili, D. R. 1 Ambrosio, G. 1 Andreev, N. 1 Barzi, E. 1 Feher, S. 1 Kashikhin, V. S. 1 Kashikhin, V. V. 1 Yadav, S. 1 Yamada, R. 1 Zlobin, A. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia, Illinois, 60510, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p775; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: CARBON steel; Subject Term: MAGNETIC mirrors; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774754
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868803&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Green, M. A.
AU  - Dietderich, D. R.
AU  - Marks, S.
AU  - Prestemon, S. O.
AU  - Schlueter, R. D.
T1  - Design Issues for Cryogenic Cooling of Short Period Superconducting Undulators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 783
EP  - 790
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Superconducting insertion devices, which produce periodic magnetic fields, have been built and installed in a number of synchrotron-light source storage-rings. For the most part, these devices have been wigglers, which have relatively long period lengths. This report concerns itself with the special cryogenic issues associated with short period undulators. The motivation for considering the incorporation of superconducting technology in insertion device designs is to achieve higher magnetic fields than can be achieved with more conventional permanent magnet technology. Since the peak field decreases sharply with increased magnet gap to period ratio, the cryogenic design of the magnet system is crucial. In particular, the insulation required for a warm vacuum bore device is impractical for short period undulators. This report describes the issues that are related to a cold bore (∼4 K) and an intermediate temperature bore (30 to 70 K) designs. The criteria for the use of small cryocoolers for cooling a short period undulator are presented. The problems associated with connecting small coolers to an undulator at 4.2 K are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - WIGGLER magnets
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13868802; Green, M. A. 1 Dietderich, D. R. 1 Marks, S. 1 Prestemon, S. O. 1 Schlueter, R. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p783; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: WIGGLER magnets; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774755
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868802&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Green, M. A.
AU  - Baynham, E.
AU  - Barr, G.
AU  - Lau, W.
AU  - Rochford, J. H.
AU  - Yang, S.
T1  - Focusing Solenoids for the Mice Cooling Channel.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 791
EP  - 798
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This report describes a design for focusing solenoids for the low beta sections for the proposed Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE). There are three focusing solenoid pairs that will be around the muon absorbers for MICE. The two solenoid coils have an inside diameter of 510 mm, a length of 180 mm, and a thickness of 100 mm. A distance of 260 mm separates the two coils in the pair. The coils are designed to operate at opposite polarity, in order to create a gradient field in the low beta sections of the MICE cooling channel. As result, the force pushing the coil pair apart approaches 270 metric tons when the coils operate close to the short sample current for the superconductor. The forces between the coils will be carried by a support structure that is both on the inside and the outside the coils. During some modes of operation for MICE, the coils may operate at the same polarity, which means that the force between the coils pushes them together. The focusing magnet must be designed for both modes of operation. This support structure for the coils will be part of the focusing magnet quench protection system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13868801; Green, M. A. 1 Baynham, E. 2 Barr, G. 3 Lau, W. 3 Rochford, J. H. 2 Yang, S.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  2: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton-Ditcot, OX11 OQX,UK  3: Oxford University, Oxford, OX12JD, UK; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p791; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774756
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868801&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Z. H. He
AU  - L. Wang
AU  - H. M. Tang
AU  - X. B. Zhang
AU  - L. Xjia
T1  - CFD Analyses on LHe Cooling for SCQ Magnets in BEPCII Upgrade.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 799
EP  - 806
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A pair of superconducting interaction region quadrupole magnets in Beijing Electron-Positron Collider Upgrade (BEPCII) are to be cooled by supercritical helium in order to eliminate the flow instabilities in the constrained cooling channels. The fluid flow is simulated by the commercial computational dynamics fluid software. The heat loads to the superconducting quadrupole (SCQ) magnets from the radiation shields at 80 K and from the thermal conduction of mechanical supports are considered. The temperature distribution of the fluid in the liquid helium cooling channels, and the heat transfer in the SCQ magnet and by its supports are presented. The influence of mass flow rate on pressure drop in the cooling passage is analyzed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - ELECTRON-positron interactions
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - SHIELDING (Radiation)
KW  - LIQUID helium
N1  - Accession Number: 13868800; Z. H. He 1 L. Wang 1 H. M. Tang 1 X. B. Zhang 1 L. Xjia 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, CHINA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p799; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: ELECTRON-positron interactions; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: SHIELDING (Radiation); Subject Term: LIQUID helium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774757
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868800&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwenterly, S. W.
AU  - Cole, M. J.
AU  - Demko, J. A.
AU  - Pleva, Edward F.
AU  - Hazelton, D.W.
T1  - Design and Operating Performance of Cryocooled Helium Thermosiphon Loops for HTS Transformers.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 839
EP  - 848
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Since the large coils in a cryocooled HTS utility transformer can be located more than a meter away from the cryocooler cold heads, conductive cooling would require very large, heavy thermal links to keep temperature differentials small. Under a U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) Superconductivity Partnership with Industry (SPI) agreement with Waukesha Electric Systems (WES), SuperPower Inc. (SP), Energy East (EE), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), we have developed a closed-loop helium system that couples the coils to the cold heads using natural convection cooling. The loop operates on a single-phase thermosiphon principle at temperatures and pressures from 20 to 45 K and 10 to 20 bars, and needs no external compressor to maintain helium gas circulation. Design procedures for the heat exchangers on both the cold heads and coils and for the interconnecting piping will be summarized. A 30-W cooling loop was successfully operated on a 1-MVA prototype transformer. A 350-W system for a 5/10-MVA prototype transformer has been built and tested with a dummy load over a wide range of heat loads corresponding to the range from normal transformer operation to two times (2×) overload. Later, this system successfully cooled down the 4.5-ton cold mass of the transformer to temperatures below 30 K. Design details of the hardware and performance of the assembled systems will be summarized. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - ELECTRIC transformers
KW  - COOLING
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - WAUKESHA Electric Systems Inc.
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 13868795; Schwenterly, S. W. 1 Cole, M. J. 1 Demko, J. A. 1 Pleva, Edward F. 2 Hazelton, D.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA  2: Waukesha Electric Systems, Waukesha, WI, 53186, USA  3: SuperPower, Inc., Schenectady, NY, 12304, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p839; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: ELECTRIC transformers; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: WAUKESHA Electric Systems Inc. DUNS Number: 053682712 Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy DUNS Number: ; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335311 Power, Distribution, and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774762
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868795&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lue, J. W.
AU  - Demko, J. A.
AU  - Fisher, P. W.
AU  - Duckworth, R. C.
AU  - Gouge, M. J.
AU  - Tolbert, J. C.
AU  - Roden, M. L.
AU  - Lindsay, D. T.
T1  - Tests of 5-m Long Triaxial HTS Cables.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 877
EP  - 884
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Following the positive results of a 1.5-m long prototype cable, the Ultera and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) team built and tested a 5-m triaxial cable rated at 1.3-kA rms, 15-kV ac. The three concentric superconducting phases are made of BSCCO-2223 high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes, separated by layers of cold-dielectric tapes. A copper braid is added as the grounding shield on the outside of the three active phases. To facilitate the calorimetric ac loss measurement, the cable was cooled by liquid nitrogen flowing in the annulus between the cable and the cryostat only. Tests of this cable were performed at temperatures ranging from 76 to 84 K. AC loss data reconfirmed the previous gratifying result on the 1.5-m prototype cable that the total three-phase loss is approximately the sum of the calculated ac losses of the three separate phases. No additional loss is due to possible coupling among the three phases. This and other test results of the 5-m, 1.3 kA triaxial cable are reported here. The next step in the project is to build and install a triaxial cable rated at 3-kA rms, 13-kV ac at a utility site. A single-phase 3-kA cable prototype was also built and tested for use as the most demanding inner phase of the triaxial cable. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - BRAID
KW  - COOLING
KW  - LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 13868791; Lue, J. W. 1 Demko, J. A. 1 Fisher, P. W. 1 Duckworth, R. C. 1 Gouge, M. J. 1 Tolbert, J. C. 2 Roden, M. L. 2 Lindsay, D. T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA  2: Ultera - A Southwire / nkt cables Joint Venture, Carrollton, GA, 30119, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p877; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: BRAID; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313220 Narrow Fabric Mills and Schiffli Machine Embroidery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774766
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gouge, M. J.
AU  - Lue, J. W.
AU  - Demko, J. A.
AU  - R. C. Duckworth
AU  - Fisher, P. W.
AU  - Daumling, M.
AU  - Lindsay, D. T.
AU  - Roden, M. L.
AU  - Tolbert, J. C.
T1  - Testing of a 1.25-m HTS Cable Made from YBCO Tapes.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 885
EP  - 891
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Ultera and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have jointly designed, built, and tested a 1.25-m-long, prototype high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power cable made from 1-cm-wide, second-generation YBa2Cu3Ox (YBCO)-coated conductor tapes. Electrical tests of this cable were performed in boiling liquid nitrogen at 77 K. DC testing of the 1.25-m cable included determination of the V-I curve, with a critical current of 4200 A. This was consistent with the properties of the 24 individual YBCO tapes. AC testing of the cable was conducted at currents up to 2500 Arms. The ac losses were measured calorimetrically by measuring the response of a calibrated temperature sensor placed on the former and electrically by use of a Rogowski coil with a lock-in amplifier. AC losses of about 2 W/m were measured at a cable ac current of 2000 Arms. Overcurrent testing was conducted at peak current values up to 12 kA for pulse lengths of 0.1–0.2 s. The cable temperature increased to 105 K for a 12 kA, 0.2 s overcurrent pulse, and the cable showed no degradation after the sequence of overcurrent testing. This commercial-grade HTS cable demonstrated the feasibility of second-generation YBCO tapes in an ac cable application. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - EBULLITION
KW  - LOCK-in amplifiers
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - NITROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 13868790; Gouge, M. J. 1 Lue, J. W. 1 Demko, J. A. 1 R. C. Duckworth 1 Fisher, P. W. 1 Daumling, M. 2 Lindsay, D. T. 3 Roden, M. L. 3 Tolbert, J. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA  2: Ultera-A Southwire/nkt cables Joint Venture, DK-3460 Birkerod, Denmark  3: Ultera-A Southwire/nkt cables Joint Venture, Carrollton, Georgia, 30119, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p885; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: EBULLITION; Subject Term: LOCK-in amplifiers; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: NITROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774767
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868790&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Demko, J. A.
AU  - Lue, J. W.
AU  - Gouge, M. J.
AU  - Fisher, P. W.
AU  - Lindsay, D.
AU  - Roden, M.
T1  - Analysis of a Liquid Nitrogen-Cooled Tri-Axial High-Temperature Superconducting Cable System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
EP  - 920
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This tri-axial high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cable design uses three concentric superconducting layers for the phase conductors, separated by a cold dielectric material. The design offers an efficient HTS cable configuration by reducing the amount of superconductor needed and places all three phases in a single cryostat. The tri-axial cable cooling circuit analyzed includes heat loads at the ends for the cable terminations and cable heat loads due to ac, dielectric, and thermal losses. The HTS cable critical current and ac loss are functions of the local temperature that must be determined by the analysis. The radial heat transfer also has an influence on these parameters due to the relatively low thermal conductivity of the dielectric material separating the HTS phases. The study investigates whether the tri-axial cable must be cooled both inside the former and outside of the cable. In this study, the range of operating parameters for a tri-axial HTS cable system and refrigeration requirements are determined based on expected HTS tape performance. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery
KW  - DIELECTRIC devices
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - DIELECTRICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13868786; Demko, J. A. 1 Lue, J. W. 1 Gouge, M. J. 1 Fisher, P. W. Lindsay, D. 2 Roden, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  2: Ultera-A SouthwireM&r cables Joint Venture, Carrollton, Georgia 30119, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p913; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery; Subject Term: DIELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774771
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868786&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X. B.
AU  - Yao, Z. L.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Jia, L. X.
T1  - Numerical Analyses on Transient Thermal Process of Gas - Cooled Current Leads in BEPC II.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 937
EP  - 943
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A pair of high current leads will be used for the superconducting detector solenoid magnet and six pairs of low current leads will be used for the superconducting interaction quadruple magnets in the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider Upgrade (BEPC II). This paper reports the numerical analyses on the thermal processes in the current leads, including the power charging process and overloaded current case as well as the transient characteristic of the leads once the helium cooling is interrupted. The design parameters of the current leads are studied for the stable and unstable conditions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13868783; Zhang, X. B. 1 Yao, Z. L. 1 Wang, L. 1 Jia, L. X. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, CHINA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p937; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774774
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868783&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, H.-M.
AU  - Choi, Y. S.
AU  - Van Sciver, S. W.
AU  - Miller, J. R.
T1  - Optimization of Current Leads Cooled by Natural Convection of Vapor.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 944
EP  - 951
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An optimization theory for current leads passing through a closed vapor-filled space is introduced. These leads are applicable mainly to HTS power systems where liquid nitrogen is continuously refrigerated by a cryocooler. The design of such leads is basically similar to that of conduction-cooled leads, because no boil-off gas flows out of the system. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the cooling by natural convection of vapor requires any modification in optimizing the lead design. In the case that the leads are located in a wide vapor space (called boundary layer flow), the energy balance equations for the lead and the surrounding vapor are solved by the method of perturbation series, as they are weakly coupled by natural convection. The analytical solution shows that the optimal lead parameter does not need to be changed in spite of the convective cooling. In the case of the leads passing through a narrow vapor space (called fully developed flow), on the other hand, the axial conduction of surrounding wall is strongly coupled by natural convection and the lead parameter should be optimized in a modified way. The suggested design conditions are presented in terms of the lead parameter for various RRR values of copper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - HEAT -- Convection
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13868782; Chang, H.-M. 1 Choi, Y. S. 1 Van Sciver, S. W. 1 Miller, J. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory,Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p944; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: HEAT -- Convection; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774775
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868782&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, T.
AU  - Van Sciver, S. W.
T1  - Measurements of He II Thermal Counterflow Using PIV Technique.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 976
EP  - 982
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Our previous experiments on the measurements of He II thermal counterflow using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) have shown that there exists a substantial discrepancy between the measured and theoretical values of normal fluid velocity. It was assumed that this is due to the slip velocity between tracer particles and liquid helium. In the present work, tracer particles with a much smaller mean diameter and a more uniform size distribution were selected in order to reduce the effect of slip velocity, and an improved two phase fluidized bed technique was used to introduce the particles into liquid helium. The normal fluid velocity of thermal counterflow was then measured using the PIV technique at various heat fluxes and bath temperatures. The experimental results, however, still show the existence of discrepancy between PIV measured particle velocities and the theoretical normal fluid velocity. A preliminary explanation of these results is given based on an interaction of tracer particles with the superfluid component in the He II. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE image velocimetry
KW  - FLUID dynamic measurements
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13868969; Zhang, T. 1 Van Sciver, S. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL, 32310, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p976; Subject Term: PARTICLE image velocimetry; Subject Term: FLUID dynamic measurements; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774779
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868969&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeon Sukchoi
AU  - Van Sciver, Steven W.
AU  - Andho-Myung Changu
T1  - Natural Convection of Subcooled Liquid Nitrogen in a Vertical Cavity.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1091
EP  - 1098
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An experiment to measure the natural convection of subcooled liquid nitrogen between two vertical plates has been performed. The main objective of this study is to confirm the feasibility of our recently proposed design for an HTS power transformer cooled by natural convection of subcooled liquid nitrogen. A liquid nitrogen bath is cooled to nearly the freezing temperature (63 K) at atmospheric pressure by a vertical copper heat transfer plate thermally anchored to the coldhead of a GM cryocooler. A parallel copper plate generating uniform heat flux is placed at a distance so that liquid between the two plates may develop a circulating flow by natural convection. The vertical temperature distribution on both surfaces is measured in steady state, from which the heat transfer coefficient is calculated. The experimental data are compared with the existing correlations for a rectangular cavity where each vertical surface has a uniform temperature. The discrepancy between two data sets is examined by considering that the surface temperatures in this experiment decrease upwards as the cryocooler is located at the top. The formation of multi-cellular flow is qualitatively discussed in terms of the height-to-gap ratio of the cavity and the vertical temperature gradient as determined by the magnitude of heat flux. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - TEMPERATURE lapse rate
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13868955; Yeon Sukchoi 1 Van Sciver, Steven W. 1 Andho-Myung Changu 1,2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: (On leave from) Hong Ik University, Seoul, 121-791, Korea; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p1091; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE lapse rate; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774793
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868955&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Green, M. A.
AU  - Ishimoto, S.
AU  - Lau, W.
AU  - Yang, S.
T1  - A Heat Exchanger between Forced Flow Helium Gas at 14 to 18 K and Liquid Hydrogen at 20 K Circulated by Natural Convection.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1115
EP  - 1122
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) has three 350-mm long liquid hydrogen absorbers to reduce the momentum of 200 MeV muons in all directions. The muons are then re-accelerated in the longitudinal direction by 200 MHz RF cavities. The result is cooled muons with a reduced emittance. The energy from the muons is taken up by the liquid hydrogen in the absorber. The hydrogen in the MICE absorbers is cooled by natural convection to the walls of the absorber that are in turn cooled by helium gas that enters at 14 K. This report describes the MICE liquid hydrogen absorber and the heat exchanger between the liquid hydrogen and the helium gas that flows through passages in the absorber wall. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT exchangers
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - LIQUID hydrogen
KW  - GAS flow
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13868952; Green, M. A. 1 Ishimoto, S. 2 Lau, W. 3 Yang, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  2: KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan  3: Oxford University, OX1 2JD, Oxford UK; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p1115; Subject Term: HEAT exchangers; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: LIQUID hydrogen; Subject Term: GAS flow; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774796
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13868952&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucukomeroglu, T.
AU  - Celik, D.
AU  - S.W. Van Sciver
T1  - Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Subcooled Oxygen below 80 K.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1123
EP  - 1129
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The first thermal conductivity measurements of liquid oxygen at temperatures below 80 K, and at pressures up to 1 MPa are reported. The measurements were conducted in a horizontal, guarded, flat plate calorimeter, and are based on the steady-state approach. The cooling power to the calorimeter is provided by a Gifford-McMahon type cryocooler. The temperature difference between the plates of the calorimeter and the absolute temperature are measured using calibrated platinum thermometers. One dimensional heat transfer between the hot and cold plates of the calorimeter is achieved by placing two thermal guards, instrumented with heaters and platinum thermometers, around the hot plate. Although used exclusively for measurements with oxygen, this apparatus is capable of measuring the thermal conductivity of other fluids including liquid hydrogen down to about 15 K. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - LIQUID oxygen
KW  - LIQUID hydrogen
KW  - LIQUEFIED gases
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13868951; Kucukomeroglu, T. 1,2 Celik, D. 1 S.W. Van Sciver; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  2: Karadeniz Technical University, Physics Department Trabzon, 61080, Turkey; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p1123; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Subject Term: LIQUID oxygen; Subject Term: LIQUID hydrogen; Subject Term: LIQUEFIED gases; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774797
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, C. E.
AU  - Abbott, S. R.
AU  - Leitner, D.
AU  - Leitner, M.
AU  - Lyneis, C. M.
T1  - An Efficient Cooling Loop for Connecting Cryocooler to a Helium Reservoir.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1818
EP  - 1825
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The magnet system of the VENUS ECR Ion Source at LBNL has two 1.5-watt cryocoolers suspended in the cryostat vacuum. Helium vapor from the liquid reservoir is admitted to a finned condenser bolted to the cryocooler 2nd stage and returns as liquid via gravity. Small-diameter flexible tubes allow the cryocoolers to be located remotely from the reservoir. With 3.1 watts load, the helium reservoir is maintained at 4.35 K, 0.05K above the cryocooler temperature. Design, analysis, and performance are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - ION sources
KW  - CRYOSTATS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13868865; Taylor, C. E. 1 Abbott, S. R. 1 Leitner, D. 1 Leitner, M. 1 Lyneis, C. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p1818; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: CRYOSTATS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774883
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quan-Sheng Shu
AU  - Guangfeng Cheng
AU  - Kun Yu
AU  - Hull, John R.
AU  - Demko, Jonathan A.
AU  - Britcher, Colin P.
AU  - Fesmire, James E.
AU  - Augustynowicz, Stan D.
T1  - Low Thermal Loss Cryogenic Transfer Line with Magnetic Suspension.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1869
EP  - 1876
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An energy efficient, cost effective cryogenic distribution system (up to several miles) is crucial for spaceport and in-space cryogenic systems. The conduction heat loss from the supports that connect the cold inner lines to the warm support structure is ultimately the most serious heat leak after thermal radiation has been minimized. The use of magnetic levitation by permanent magnets and high temperature superconductors provides support without mechanical contact and thus, the conduction part of the heat leak can be reduced to zero. A stop structure is carefully designed to hold the center tube when the system is warm. The novel design will provide the potential of extending many missions by saving cryogens, or reducing the overall launch mass. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - MAGNETIC suspension
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - LAMINATED metals
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13868859; Quan-Sheng Shu 1 Guangfeng Cheng 1 Kun Yu 1 Hull, John R. 2 Demko, Jonathan A. 3 Britcher, Colin P. 4 Fesmire, James E. 5 Augustynowicz, Stan D. 6; Affiliation:  1: AMAC International Inc. Newport News, VA, 23606, USA  2: Downers Grove, IL 60516, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA  4: Old Dominion University Norfolk, VA 23529, USA  5: Cryogenics Test Laboratory NASA Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, USA  6: Sierra Lobo Inc @ NASA KSC NASA Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p1869; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: MAGNETIC suspension; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LAMINATED metals; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774889
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ran, Y. H.
AU  - Hull, J. R.
AU  - Han, S. C.
AU  - Jeong, N. H.
AU  - Oh, J. M.
AU  - Sung, T. H.
T1  - Losses of Superconductor Journal Bearing.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 710
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1899
EP  - 1905
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A high-temperature superconductor (HTS) journal bearing was studied for rotational loss. Two HTS bearings support the rotor at top and bottom. The rotor weight is 4 kg and the length is about 300 mm. Both the top and bottom bearings have two permanent magnet (PM) rings with an iron pole piece separating them. Each HTS journal bearing is composed of six pieces of superconductor blocks of size 35×25×10 mm. The HTS blocks are encased in a cryochamber through which liquid nitrogen flows. The inner spool of the cryochamber is made from G-10 to reduce eddy current loss, and the rest of the cryochamber is stainless steel. The magnetic field from the PM rings is < 10 mT on the stainless part. The rotational drag was measured over the same speed range at several chamber pressures. Results indicate that a chamber pressure of 0.4 mtorr is sufficiently low to minimize windage loss, and the 10 mT design criterion for the magnetic field on the stainless part of the cryochamber is too high. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - ROTORS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - BEARINGS (Machinery)
KW  - QUANTUM liquids
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
N1  - Accession Number: 13868856; Ran, Y. H. 1 Hull, J. R. 2 Han, S. C. 1 Jeong, N. H. 1 Oh, J. M. 1 Sung, T. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Korea Electric Power Research Institute, 103-16 Munji, Yusung, 305-380 Daejon, South Korea  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 710 Issue 1, p1899; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: ROTORS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: BEARINGS (Machinery); Subject Term: QUANTUM liquids; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332991 Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774893
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eitouni, Hany B.
AU  - Balsara, Nitash P.
T1  - Effect of Chemical Oxidation on the Self-Assembly of Organometallic Block Copolymers.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 126
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7446
EP  - 7447
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Controlling the spontaneous formation of ordered domains in soft materials such as block copolymers is a subject of considerable current interest. These systems may enable the development of stimuli-responsive materials for applications such as actuators and photonics due to the reversible nature of order formation. However, the stimuli that are typically used to control the morphology of block copolymers, e.g., temperature, pressure, solvent concentration, etc., are not well-suited for applications that require repeated switching between morphologies.
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13612958; Eitouni, Hany B. 1,2 Balsara, Nitash P. 1,2,3; Email Address: nbalsara@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Environmental Energies and Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 6/23/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 24, p7446; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yano, Junko
AU  - Sauer, Kenneth
AU  - Girerd, Jean-Jacques
AU  - Yachandra, Vittal K.
T1  - Single Crystal X- and Q-Band EPR Spectroscopy of a Binuclear Mn2(lll,lV) Complex Relevant to the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 126
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7486
EP  - 7495
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The anisotropic g and hyperfine tensors of the Mn di-μ-oxo complex, [Mn2(III,IV)O2(phen)4]- (PF6)3·CH3CN, were derived by single-crystal EPR measurements at X- and Q-band frequencies. This is the first simulation of EPR parameters from single-crystal EPR spectra for multinuclear Mn complexes, which are of importance in several metalloenzymes; one of them is the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II (PS II). Single-crystal [Mn2(III,IV)O2(phen)4](PF6)3·CH3CN EPR spectra showed distinct resolved 55Mn hyperfine lines in all crystal orientations, unlike single-crystal EPR spectra of other Mn2(III,IV) di-μ-oxo bridged complexes. We measured the EPR spectra in the crystal ab- and bc-planes, and from these spectra we obtained the EPR spectra of the complex along the unique a-, b-, and c-axes of the crystal. The crystal orientation was determined by X-ray diffraction and single-crystal EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) measurements. In this complex, the three crystallographic axes, a, b, and c, are parallel or nearly parallel to the principal molecular axes of Mn2(III,IV)O2(phen)4 as shown in the crystallographic data by Stebler et al. (Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4743). This direct relation together with the resolved hyperfine lines significantly simplified the simulation of single-crystal spectra in the three principal directions due to the reduction of free parameters and, thus, allowed us to define the magnetic g and A tensors of the molecule with a high degree of reliability. These parameters were subsequently used to generate the solution EPR spectra at both X- and Q-bands with excellent agreement. The anisotropic g and hyperfine tensors determined by the simulation of the X- and Q-band single-crystal and solution EPR spectra are as follows: gx = 1.9887, gy = 1.9957, gz = 1.9775, and hyperfine coupling constants are AxIII = &verbar; 171 &verbar; G, AyIII, = &verbar; 176 &verbar; G, AzIII = &verbar; 129 &verbar; G, AxIV = &verbar; 77 &verbar; G, AyIV = &verbar; 74 &verbar; G, AzIV = &verbar; 80 &verbar; G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13612969; Yano, Junko 1,2; Email Address: jyano@lbl.gov Sauer, Kenneth 1,2 Girerd, Jean-Jacques 3 Yachandra, Vittal K. 1; Email Address: vkyachandra@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Melvin Calvin Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-5230.  3: Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique, UMR 8613, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire d'Orsay, Université Paris XI, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France.; Source Info: 6/23/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 24, p7486; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Minchul
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - Adsorption and Reactions of C6 Hydrocarbons at High Pressures on Pt(111) Single-Crystal Surfaces Studied by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy: Mechanisms...
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/23/
VL  - 126
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7698
EP  - 7708
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The adsorption geometries and surface reactions of various C6 hydrocarbons (n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, and 1 -hexene) adsorbed on Pt(111) were investigated using sum frequency generation (SFG) surface vibrational spectroscopy. The adsorptions and reactions were carried out in 1.5 Torr of C6 hydrocarbons in the absence and presence of excess hydrogen (15 Torr) and in the temperature range 296-453 K. At 296 K and in the presence of excess hydrogen, n-hexane and 3-methylpentane adsorbed molecularly on Pt(111) mostly in "flat-lying" geometries. Upon heating the sample up to 453 K, the molecules underwent dehydrogenation to form new surface species in "standing-up" geometries, such as hexylidyne and metallacyclic species. However, 2-methylpentane and 1-hexene were dehydrogenated to metallacyclobutane and hexylidyne, respectively, at 296 K in the presence of excess hydrogen. The dehydrogenated species remained unreacted on the surface upon heating the sample up to 453 K. The absence of excess hydrogen enhanced dehydrogenation of n-hexane and 3-methylpentane to form π-allyl c-C6H9 and metallacyclohexane, respectively, at 296 K. Upon heating to 453 K, the π-allyl c-C6H9 species underwent irreversible dehydrogenation, while hexylidyne and metallacyclic species remained unreacted. On the basis of these results, the mechanisms for catalytic isomerization and dehydrocyclization of n-hexane, which are the important "reforming" reactions to produce high-octane fuels over platinum, were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13612992; Yang, Minchul 1 Somorjai, Gabor A. 2; Email Address: somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 6/23/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 24, p7698; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koller, Josef
AU  - Hui LI
T1  - Vorticity Generation in Protoplanetary Disks.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/06/24/
VL  - 713
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 66
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Global two-dimensional inviscid protoplanetary disk simulation show the generation of vorticity in the co-orbital region of the planet. Emanating shock waves from the planet lead to non-conservation of vorticity along particle paths. As the system evolves, the potential vorticity (PV or vortensity) profiles eventually develop extrema which renders the disk unstable and vortices emerge. We discuss how these changes occur along particle paths. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTOPLANETARY disks
KW  - ACCRETION (Astrophysics)
KW  - VORTEX motion
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PLANETS
N1  - Accession Number: 13424046; Koller, Josef 1 Hui LI 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 713 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: PROTOPLANETARY disks; Subject Term: ACCRETION (Astrophysics); Subject Term: VORTEX motion; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PLANETS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774501
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Krakauer, D.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Miglioranzi, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
T1  - Photoproduction of <f>D*±</f> mesons associated with a leading neutron
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/06/24/
VL  - 590
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
EP  - 160
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The photoproduction of <f>D*±(2010)</f> mesons associated with a leading neutron has been observed with the ZEUS detector in <f>ep</f> collisions at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 80 pb-1. The neutron carries a large fraction, <f>xL>0.2</f>, of the incoming proton beam energy and is detected at very small production angles, <f>θn<0.8</f> mrad, an indication of peripheral scattering. The <f>D*</f> meson is centrally produced with pseudorapidity <f>&z.sfnc;η&z.sfnc;<1.5</f>, and has a transverse momentum <f>pT>1.9</f> GeV, which is large compared to the average transverse momentum of the neutron of 0.22 GeV. The ratio of neutron-tagged to inclusive <f>D*</f> production is <f>8.85±0.93(stat.)+0.48-0.61(syst.)%</f> in the photon–proton center-of-mass energy range <f>130<W<280</f> GeV. The data suggest that the presence of a hard scale enhances the fraction of events with a leading neutron in the final state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - CENTER of mass
N1  - Accession Number: 13236890; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Krakauer, D. 1 Loizides, J.H. Magill, S. 1 Miglioranzi, S. Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R.; Email Address: rik.yoshida@desy.de Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Antonioli, P. 3 Bari, G. 3 Basile, M. 3 Bellagamba, L. 3 Boscherini, D. 3 Bruni, A. 3 Bruni, G. 3 Cara Romeo, G. 3 Cifarelli, L. 3 Cindolo, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, <cty>Argonne, IL</cty> 60439-4815, <cny cny-code="us">USA</cny><fn id="fn044">Supported by the US Department of Energy.</fn>  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104-0380, USA  3: University and INFN Bologna, <cty>Bologna</cty>, <cny cny-code="it">Italy</cny><fn id="fn035">Supported by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).</fn>; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 590 Issue 3/4, p143; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: CENTER of mass; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.076
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Woods, P.J.
AU  - Blank, B.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Davinson, T.
AU  - Freeman, S.J.
AU  - Görres, J.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Mahmud, H.
AU  - Khoo, T.L.
AU  - Liu, Z.
AU  - Mukherjee, G.
AU  - Rehm, E.
AU  - Sarazin, F.
AU  - Shergur, J.
AU  - Shawcross, M.
AU  - Sinha, S.
AU  - Woehr, A.
T1  - Complete structure determination of the astrophysically important nucleus 20Na below the proton threshold
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/06/24/
VL  - 590
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
EP  - 175
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The fusion–evaporation reaction 10B(12C,<f> 2n</f>) was used to make the first observation of in-beam <f>γ</f> decays from the astrophysically important nucleus 20Na, lying adjacent to the proton drip-line. All states below the proton threshold in 20Na were populated and identified in the experiment. These include new levels, previously unresolved levels, and states located with improved energy precision. The level structure of 20Na, and its <f>γ</f> transitions, are compared to the mirror partner 20F measured simultaneously in this experiment. In particular, a high degree of energy stability is found for all negative parity states. These results are discussed in the context of the nuclear shell model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - EVAPORATION (Chemistry)
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - SODIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13236892; Seweryniak, D. 1; Email Address: seweryniak@phy.anl.gov Woods, P.J. 2 Blank, B. 1,3 Carpenter, M.P. 1 Davinson, T. 2 Freeman, S.J. 1,4 Görres, J. 5 Heinz, A. 1 Janssens, R.V.F. 1 Mahmud, H. 2 Khoo, T.L. 1 Liu, Z. 2 Mukherjee, G. 1 Rehm, E. 1 Sarazin, F. 2 Shergur, J. 1,6 Shawcross, M. 5 Sinha, S. 1 Woehr, A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom  3: Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan cedex, France  4: University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom  5: University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  6: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 590 Issue 3/4, p170; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: SODIUM; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.090
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13236892&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fruchart-Najib, Jamila
AU  - Baugé, Eric
AU  - Niculescu, Loredan-Stefan
AU  - Pham, Tatiana
AU  - Thomas, Benoit
AU  - Rommens, Corinne
AU  - Majd, Zouher
AU  - Brewer, Bryan
AU  - Pennacchio, Len A.
AU  - Fruchart, Jean-Charles
T1  - Mechanism of triglyceride lowering in mice expressing human apolipoprotein A5
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004/06/25/
VL  - 319
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 397
EP  - 404
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - Overexpression of human APOA5 in mice results in dramatically decreased plasma triglyceride levels. In this study we explored the mechanism underlying this hypotriglyceridemic effect. Initially we found that triglyceride turnover was faster in hAPOA5 transgenic mice compared to controls, and this strongly correlated with increased LPL activity in postheparin plasma. Furthermore, we show that in vitro recombinant apoAV interacts physically with lipoprotein lipase and significantly increased its activity. We show that both apoB and apoCIII are decreased in hAPOA5 transgenic mice indicating a decrease in VLDL number. To further investigate the mechanism of hAPOA5 in a hyperlipidemic background, we inter-crossed hAPOA5 and hAPOC3 transgenic mice. We found a marked decrease in VLDL triglyceride and cholesterol, as well as apolipoprotein B and CIII levels. These data indicated that apoAV induces a decrease in VLDL size by activating lipolysis and an increase of VLDL clearance. In a postprandial state, the normal triglyceride response found in wild-type mice was significantly reduced in hAPOA5 transgenics. In addition, we demonstrated that in response to this fat load in hAPOA5 × hAPOC3 mice, apoAV, but not apoCIII, was redistributed from primarily HDL to VLDL. This shift of apoAV in VLDL appears to limit the increase of triglyceride by activating the lipoprotein lipase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRIGLYCERIDES
KW  - LIPASES
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - MICE
KW  - Apolipoprotein AV
KW  - Apolipoprotein CIII
KW  - Lipoprotein lipase
KW  - VLDL clearance and postprandial hyperlipemia
N1  - Accession Number: 13288861; Fruchart-Najib, Jamila 1; Email Address: jamila.fruchart@pasteur-lille.fr Baugé, Eric 1 Niculescu, Loredan-Stefan 1,2 Pham, Tatiana 1 Thomas, Benoit 1 Rommens, Corinne 1 Majd, Zouher 3 Brewer, Bryan 4 Pennacchio, Len A. 5 Fruchart, Jean-Charles 1; Affiliation:  1: Département d’Athérosclérose, UR 545 INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille et Université de Lille II, 1 rue du Pr. Calmette-BP 245, 59019 Lille Cedex, France  2: The Institute of Cellular Biology “N. Simionescu,” Bucharest, Romania  3: Genfit SA, Parc Eurasanté, 885 avenue Eugène Avinée, 59120 Loos, France  4: Molecular Disease Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA  5: Genome Sciences Department and Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 319 Issue 2, p397; Subject Term: TRIGLYCERIDES; Subject Term: LIPASES; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: MICE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apolipoprotein AV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apolipoprotein CIII; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lipoprotein lipase; Author-Supplied Keyword: VLDL clearance and postprandial hyperlipemia; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oca-Cossio, Jose
AU  - Mao, Hui
AU  - Khokhlova, Nata
AU  - Kennedy, Christopher McE.
AU  - Kennedy, Jonathan W.
AU  - Stabler, Cheryl L.
AU  - Hao, Encai
AU  - Sambanis, Athanassios
AU  - Simpson, Nicholas E.
AU  - Constantinidis, Ioannis
T1  - Magnetically labeled insulin-secreting cells
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004/06/25/
VL  - 319
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 569
EP  - 575
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - Iron oxide nanoparticles have been shown to magnetically label cells in order to visualize them in vivo via MR imaging. This technology has yet to be implemented in insulin secreting cells, thus it is not known whether the presence of these nanoparticles in the cytoplasm of the cells affects insulin secretion. This study investigates the effectiveness and consequence of labeling mouse insulinoma βTC3 and βTC-tet cells with monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION). Our data show that MION can be internalized in both βTC3 and βTC-tet cells following a 24 h exposure to 0.02 mg/ml MION solution. The metabolic and secretory activities of both MION-labeled cell lines were statistically indistinguishable from sham treatment. Furthermore, cell viability and apoptosis remained constant throughout the cell’s exposure to MION. Finally, MR images demonstrated significant contrast between labeled and sham-treated cells. Thus, labeling murine insulinoma cell lines with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles does not hinder their insulin secretion, while it provides MR imaging contrast. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INSULIN
KW  - CELLS
KW  - HORMONES
KW  - HYPOGLYCEMIC agents
KW  - CELL death
N1  - Accession Number: 13288885; Oca-Cossio, Jose 1 Mao, Hui 2 Khokhlova, Nata 1 Kennedy, Christopher McE. 1 Kennedy, Jonathan W. 1 Stabler, Cheryl L. 3,4 Hao, Encai 5 Sambanis, Athanassios 3,4,6 Simpson, Nicholas E. 1 Constantinidis, Ioannis 1,7; Email Address: consti@medicine.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA  2: Department of Radiology and Frederik Philips Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA  3: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  4: Georgia Tech/Emory Center for the Engineering of Living Tissues, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  5: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  6: School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  7: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 319 Issue 2, p569; Subject Term: INSULIN; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: HORMONES; Subject Term: HYPOGLYCEMIC agents; Subject Term: CELL death; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.04.195
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13288885&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krauss, Sharon Wald
AU  - Lee, Gloria
AU  - Chasis, Joel Anne
AU  - Mohandas, Narla
AU  - Heald, Rebecca
T1  - Two Protein 4.1 Domains Essential for Mitotic Spindle and Aster Microtubule Dynamics and Organization in Vitro.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/25/
VL  - 279
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 27591
EP  - 27598
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Multifunctional structural proteins belonging to the 4.1 family are components of nuclei, spindles, and cen- trosomes in vertebrate cells. Here we report that 4.1 is critical for spindle assembly and the formation of cen- trosome-nucleated and motor-dependent self-organized microtubule asters in metaphase-arrested Xenopus egg extracts. Immunodepletion of 4.1 disrupted microtubule arrays and mislocalized the spindle pole protein NuMA. Remarkably, assembly was completely rescued by sup- plementation with a recombinant 4.1R isoform. We iden- tified two 4.1 domains critical for its function in micro- tubule polymerization and organization utilizing dominant negative peptides. The 4.1 spectrin-actin binding domain or NuMA binding C-terminal domain peptides caused morphologically disorganized structures. Control peptides with low homology or variant spectrinactin binding domain peptides that were incapable of binding actin had no deleterious effects. Unexpectedly, the addition of C-terminal domain peptides with reduced NuMA binding caused severe microtubule destabilization in extracts, dramatically inhibiting aster and spindle assembly and also depolymerizing preformed structures. However, the mutant C-terminal peptides did not directly inhibit or destabilize microtubule polymerization from pure tubulin in a microtubule pelleting assay. Our data showing that 4.1 is a crucial factor for assembly and maintenance of mitotic spindles and self-organized and centrosome-nucleated microtubule asters indicates that 4.1 is involved in regulating both microtubule dynamics and organization. These investigations underscore an important functional context for protein 4.1 in microtubule morphogenesis and highlight a previously unappreciated role for 4.1 in cell division. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOSKELETAL proteins
KW  - CENTROSOMES
KW  - MICROTUBULES
KW  - XENOPUS
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ACTIN
N1  - Accession Number: 13874023; Krauss, Sharon Wald 1; Email Address: sakrauss@lbl.gov Lee, Gloria 1 Chasis, Joel Anne 1 Mohandas, Narla 2 Heald, Rebecca 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10021  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 6/25/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 26, p27591; Subject Term: CYTOSKELETAL proteins; Subject Term: CENTROSOMES; Subject Term: MICROTUBULES; Subject Term: XENOPUS; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ACTIN; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M402813200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.
AU  - Foltyn, S. R.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Serquis, A.
AU  - Maiorov, B.
AU  - Civale, L.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Hawley, M. E.
AU  - Maley, M. P.
AU  - Peterson, D. E.
T1  - Systematic enhancement of in-field critical current density with rare-earth ion size variance in superconducting rare-earth barium cuprate films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/06/28/
VL  - 84
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5329
EP  - 5331
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Enhanced in-field critical current densities (Jc's) have been obtained in epitaxial superconducting (RE1, RE2) Ba2Cu3O7-x (RE1=rare-earth ion 1, and RE2=rare earth ion 2) films grown on both single crystal and buffered metallic substrates. For a constant average RE ionic radius (equal to that of yttrium), there is a systematic dependence of the in-field Jc on the RE ion size variance, with a small, but nonzero, variance being optimum. Compared to the standard Yba2Cu3O7-x composition, a factor of two improvement in Jc (75.5 K) is reproducibly observed at 0.2 T (llc) for the composition Dy⅓HO⅔Ba2Cu3O7-x on both single crystal and buffered-metallic substrates. Angular dependent magnetic field studies and transmission electron microscopy indicate the presence of additional pointlike random defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earth ions
KW  - ORGANORARE earth metal compounds
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ORGANIC superconductors
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13495707; MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. 1,2; Email Address: jld@hermes.cam.ac.uk Foltyn, S. R. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1 Wang, H. 1 Serquis, A. 1 Maiorov, B. 1 Civale, L. 1 Lin, Y. 1 Hawley, M. E. 1 Maley, M. P. 1 Peterson, D. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technolgoy Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Pembroke St., Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, UK; Source Info: 6/28/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 26, p5329; Subject Term: RARE earth ions; Subject Term: ORGANORARE earth metal compounds; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ORGANIC superconductors; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766394
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zou, Haibo
AU  - McKeegan, Kevin D.
AU  - Xu, Xisheng
AU  - Zindler, Alan
T1  - Fe–Al-rich tridymite–hercynite xenoliths with positive cerium anomalies: preserved lateritic paleosols and implications for Miocene climate
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/06/28/
VL  - 207
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 116
SN  - 00092541
AB  - We report isotopic and chemical compositions of unusual tridymite–hercynite xenoliths in middle Miocene Niutoushan tholeiites from the southeast coastal area of China. These xenoliths are characterized by positive cerium (Ce) anomalies and extremely high Al2O3 (32–34 wt.%) and total iron oxide (20–22%). They have 87Sr/86Sr of 0.7050–0.7058, #x03B5;Nd(0) values of +3.2 to +4.2, 206Pb/204Pb ratios of 18.8–19.1, and δ18O values of +5.2‰ to +6.1‰. Their chemical and isotopic compositions suggest that these xenoliths represent preserved aluminous lateritic paleosols that are not genetically related to host tholeiites. These lateritic paleosols with strongly desilicated minerals were formed by intense chemical weathering under warm and humid tropical conditions (with annual average temperature of >19 °C and the annual rainfall of >165 cm) in SE China during the interval from 17 to 15 Ma. The formation age of the paleosols corresponds to a period characterized by slow uplift of the Himalayan–Tibetan Plateau region (and thus less consumption of CO2) after 17 Ma, and eruptions of 17–15 Ma Columbia River flood basalts, the Vogelsberg basalts, and eastern China basalts (and thus more input of CO2 into the atmosphere). The tridymite–hercynite xenoliths in the Niutoushan basalts thus preserve evidence of extraordinary climatic greenhouse conditions in the middle Miocene that would otherwise have been lost by the erosion of paleosols. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BASALT
KW  - PALEOPEDOLOGY
KW  - CONSUMPTION (Economics)
KW  - LAVA flows
KW  - Crustal stable and radiogenic isotopes
KW  - Crustal xenoliths
KW  - Eastern China basalts
KW  - Lateritic paleosols
KW  - Miocene basalts
KW  - Miocene paleoclimate
N1  - Accession Number: 13290696; Zou, Haibo 1,2; Email Address: hzou@ess.ucla.edu McKeegan, Kevin D. 1 Xu, Xisheng 3 Zindler, Alan 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Geological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 207 Issue 1/2, p101; Subject Term: BASALT; Subject Term: PALEOPEDOLOGY; Subject Term: CONSUMPTION (Economics); Subject Term: LAVA flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crustal stable and radiogenic isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crustal xenoliths; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eastern China basalts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lateritic paleosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Miocene basalts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Miocene paleoclimate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.02.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kesanli, Banu
AU  - Fettinger, James
AU  - Scott, Brian
AU  - Eichhorn, Bryan
T1  - Gas Phase, Solution, and Solid State Alkali Ion Binding by the [NbE8]3- (E = As, Sb) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Spectroscopy.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/28/
VL  - 43
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3840
EP  - 3846
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Toluene solutions of Nb(toluene)2 react with ethylenediamine solutions of K3E7 (E = As, Sb) in the presence of 2,2,2-crypt to give [NbAs8]3- (2) and [NbSb8]3- (3) ions, respectively, in Iow yields. The 133Cs NMR spectroscopy, ESIMS results (negative ion mode), and single-crystal X-ray structures of the ions are reported. The complexes have S8-like E8 rings with Nb atoms in the center. The 1:1 complex of 2 with Cs+ was observed in solution and also in the gas phase as the oxidized ion [CsNbAs8]1-. The anion 2 selectively binds to Cs+ in solution even in the presence of excess Na+. Other gas-phase ions formed include [Cs2(NbAs8)]1-, [KCs(NbAs8)]1-, [KCs(NbAs8)2]1-, [KNbAs8]1-, and [K2NbAs8]1-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOLUENE
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - TRANSITION metals
N1  - Accession Number: 13870251; Kesanli, Banu 1 Fettinger, James 1 Scott, Brian 2 Eichhorn, Bryan 1; Email Address: eichhorn@umd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742  2: Chemical Science and Technology Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 6/28/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 13, p3840; Subject Term: TOLUENE; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic035397x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiaopeng Shan
AU  - Ellern, Arkady
AU  - Guzei, Ilia A.
AU  - Espenson, James H.
T1  - Ligand Displacement and Oxidation Reactions of Methyl(oxo)rhenium(V) Complexes.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/28/
VL  - 43
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3854
EP  - 3862
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Compounds that contain the anion [MeReO(edt)(SPh)]- (3-) were synthesized with the countercations 2-picolinium (PicH+3-) and 2,6-lutidinium (LutH+3-), where edt is 1,2-ethanedithiolate. Both PicH+3- and MeReO(edt)-(tetramethylthiourea) (4) were crystallographically characterized. The rhenium atom in each of these compounds exists in a five-coordinate distorted square pyramid. In the solid state, PicH+3- contains an anion with a short (dSH = 232 pm) and nearly linear hydrogen-bonded (N-H···S) interaction to the cation. Ligand substitution reactions were studied in chloroform. Displacement of PhSH by PPh3 follows second-order kinetics, d[MeReO(edt)(PPh3)]/dt = k[PicH+3-][PPh3], whereas with pyridines an unusual form was found, d[MeReO(edt)(Py)]/dt = k[PyH+3-][Py]², in which the conversion of PicH+3- to PyH+3- has been incorporated. Further, added Py accelerates the formation of [MeReO(edt)(PPh3)], v = k · [PicH+3-]·[PPh3]·[Py]. Compound 4, on the other hand, reacts with both PPh3 and pyridines, L, at a rate given by d[MeReO(edt)(L)]/dt = k·[4]·[L]. When PicH+3- reacts with pyridine N-oxides, a three-stage reaction was observed, consistent with ligand replacement of SPh- by PyO, N-O bond cleavage of the PyO assisted by another PyO, and eventual decomposition of MeRe(O)(edt)(OPy) to MeReO3. Each of first two steps showed a large substituent effect; Hammett analysis gave ρ1 = -5.3 and ρ2 = -4.3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - ETHANES
KW  - RHENIUM
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - CHLOROFORM
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 13870253; Xiaopeng Shan 1 Ellern, Arkady 1 Guzei, Ilia A. 1,2 Espenson, James H. 1; Email Address: Espenson@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Source Info: 6/28/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 13, p3854; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: ETHANES; Subject Term: RHENIUM; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: CHLOROFORM; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic049772c
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manson, J.L.
AU  - Schlueter, J.A.
AU  - Koo, H.-J.
AU  - Whangbo, M.-H.
T1  - Reexamination of the Magnetic Properties of Cu2(dca)4(2,5-me2pyz) {dca = Dicyanamide; me2pyz = Dimethylpyrazine}: Isolated Spin-½ Dimers versus Long-Range Magnetic Ordering.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/06/28/
VL  - 43
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 4007
EP  - 4011
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The magnetic properties of Cu2(dca)4(2,5-me2pyz) have been reexamined. The extended structure of Cu2(dca)4(2,5-me2pyz) can be viewed in terms of Cu2(2,5-me2pyz)4+ dimer units interconnected via μ1,5-dca ligands. The bulk magnetic susceptibility χ(T) and the isothermal M(H) of Cu2(dca)4(2,5-me2pyz) are shown to be well described by an isolated dimer model. This finding was confirmed by carrying out a spin dimer analysis based on tight-binding calculations, which shows that the 2,5-me2pyz ligand provides a substantial spin exchange interaction between the Cu2+ ions while the dca ligands do not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - COPPER
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - IONS
KW  - METAL complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 13870269; Manson, J.L. 1,2; Email Address: jmanson@ewu.edu Schlueter, J.A. 3 Koo, H.-J. 4 Whangbo, M.-H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 226 Science Building, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington 99004-2440  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  4: Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695; Source Info: 6/28/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 13, p4007; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: METAL complexes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic0354769
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friess, Joshua J.
AU  - Gubser, Steven S.
AU  - Mitra, Indrajit
T1  - String creation in cosmologies with a varying dilaton
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/06/28/
VL  - 689
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 256
SN  - 05503213
AB  - FRW solutions of the string theory low-energy effective actions are described, yielding a dilaton which first decreases and then increases. We study string creation in these backgrounds and find an exponential divergence due to an initial space-like singularity. We conjecture that this singularity may be removed by the effects of back-reaction, leading to a solution which at early times is de Sitter space. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRING models (Physics)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - SUPERSTRING theories
N1  - Accession Number: 13236968; Friess, Joshua J. 1 Gubser, Steven S. 1 Mitra, Indrajit 2,3; Email Address: imitra@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Joseph Henry Laboratories, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA  3: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-8162, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 689 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: STRING models (Physics); Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: SUPERSTRING theories; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.04.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazur, Pawel O.
AU  - Mottola, Emil
T1  - Gravitational vacuum condensate stars.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/06/29/
VL  - 101
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 9545
EP  - 9550
SN  - 00278424
AB  - A new final state of gravitational collapse is proposed. By extending the concept of Bose-Einstein condensation to gravitational systems, a cold, dark, compact object with an interior de Sitter condensate Pv = -pv and an exterior Schwarzschild geometry of arbitrary total mass M is constructed. These regions are separated by a shell with a small but finite proper thickness ℓ of fluid with equation of state p = +p1, replacing both the Schwarzschild and de Sitter classical horizons. The new solution has no singularities, no event horizons, and a global time. Its entropy is maximized under small fluctuations and is given by the standard hydrodynamic entropy of the thin shell, which is of the order kBℓMc/h, instead of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula, SBH = 4πkBGM²/hc. Hence, unlike black holes, the new solution is thermodynamically stable and has no information paradox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - GRAVITATION
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - BOSE-Einstein condensation
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13870345; Mazur, Pawel O. 1 Mottola, Emil 2; Email Address: emil@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.  2: Theoretical Division, T-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 6/29/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 26, p9545; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: GRAVITATION; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: BOSE-Einstein condensation; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0402717101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qing Huai
AU  - Huanchen Wang
AU  - Wei Zhang
AU  - Colman, Robert W.
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Hengming Ke
T1  - Crystal structure of phosphodiesterase 9 shows orientation variation of inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1- methylxanthine binding.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/06/29/
VL  - 101
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 9624
EP  - 9629
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes controlling cellular concentrations of the second messengers CAMP and cGMP. The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of PDE9A2, a member of a PDE family specifically hydrolyzing cGMP, has been determined at 2.23-Å resolution. The PDE9A2 catalytic domain closely resembles the CAMP-specific PDE4D2 but is significantly different from the cGMP-specific PDE5A1, implying that each individual PDE family has its own characteristic substrate recognition mechanism. The different conformations of the H and M loops between PDE9A2 and PDE5A1 imply their less critical roles in nucleotide recognition. The nonselective inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1- methylxanthine (IBMX) binds to a similar subpocket in the active sites of PDE4, PDE5, and PDE9 and has a common pattern of the binding. However, significantly different orientations and interactions of IBMXs are observed among the three PDE families and also between two monomers of the PDE9A2 dimer. The kinetic properties of the PDE9A2 catalytic domain similar to those of full-length PDE9A imply that the N-terminal regulatory domain does not significantly alter the catalytic activity and the IBMX inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHODIESTERASES
KW  - PHOSPHATASES
KW  - METHYLXANTHINES
KW  - MONOMERS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CHEMICALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13870359; Qing Huai 1 Huanchen Wang 1 Wei Zhang 2 Colman, Robert W. 2 Robinson, Howard 3 Hengming Ke 1; Email Address: hke@med.unc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7260.  2: The Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140.  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000.; Source Info: 6/29/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 26, p9624; Subject Term: PHOSPHODIESTERASES; Subject Term: PHOSPHATASES; Subject Term: METHYLXANTHINES; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0401120101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norby, Richard J.
AU  - Ledford, Joanne
AU  - Reilly, Carolyn D.
AU  - Miller, Nicole E.
AU  - O'Neill, Elizabeth G.
T1  - Fine-root production dominates response of a deciduous forest to atmospheric CO2 enrichment.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/06/29/
VL  - 101
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 9689
EP  - 9693
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Fine-root production and turnover are important regulators of the biogeochemical cycles of ecosystems and key components of their response to global change. We present a nearly continuous 6-year record of fine-root production and mortality from minirhizotron analysis of a closed-canopy, deciduous sweetgum forest in a free-air CO2 enrichment experiment. Annual production of fine roots was more than doubled in plots with 550 ppm CO2 compared with plots in ambient air. This response was the primary component of the sustained 22% increase in net primary productivity. Annual fine-root mortality matched annual production, and the mean residence time of roots was not altered by elevated CO2, but peak fine-root standing crop in midsummer was significantly higher in CO2-enriched plots, especially deeper in the soil profile. The preferential allocation of additional carbon to fine roots, which have a fast turnover rate in this species, rather than to stemwood reduces the possibility of long-term enhancement by elevated CO2 of carbon sequestration in biomass. However, sequestration of some of the fine-root carbon in soil pools is not precluded, and there may be other benefits to the tree from a seasonally larger and deeper fine-root system. Root-system dynamics can explain differences among ecosystems in their response to elevated atmospheric CO2 hence, accurate assessments of carbon flux and storage in forests in a globally changing atmosphere must account for this unseen and difficult-to-measure component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - MINIRHIZOTRONS
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 13870370; Norby, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjn@ornl.gov Ledford, Joanne 1 Reilly, Carolyn D. 1 Miller, Nicole E. 1,2 O'Neill, Elizabeth G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422.  2: Department of Biology, Loyola University, Chicago, IL 60626.; Source Info: 6/29/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 26, p9689; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: MINIRHIZOTRONS; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0403491101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pranevicius, L.
AU  - Milcius, D.
AU  - Pranevicius, L.L.
AU  - Thomas, G.
T1  - Plasma hydrogenation of Al, Mg and MgAl films under high-flux ion irradiation at elevated temperature
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/06/30/
VL  - 373
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 15
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The behaviors of hydrogen in Al, Mg and MgAl thin films on stainless steel substrate were investigated in this work. The hydrogen ions extracted from plasma were used to load hydrogen into the film material. Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) was applied to obtain the hydrogen depth profiles in Al films versus hydriding parameters. The MgH2, AlH3 and Mg(AlH4)2 hydrides were identified in plasma hydrided films using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results provide new aspects of hydriding of thin films under highly non-equilibrium conditions on the surface supported by high-flux ion irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - Hydrogen storage material
KW  - Thin films
KW  - Vapour deposition
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13067709; Pranevicius, L. 1; Email Address: liudvikas_pranevicius@fc.vdu.lt Milcius, D. 2 Pranevicius, L.L. 1,2 Thomas, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Vytautas Magnus University, 8 Vileikos St., LT-3035 Kaunas, Lithuania  2: Surface Treatment Laboratory, Lithuanian Energy Institute, 3 Breslaujos St., LT-3035 Kaunas, Lithuania  3: Sandia National Laboratories, 537 Spirit Ridge Court, Reno, NV 89511, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 373 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen storage material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapour deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.10.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deng, D.W.
AU  - Kuo, K.H.
AU  - Luo, Z.P.
AU  - Miller, D.J.
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Dennis, K.W.
T1  - Crystal structure of the hexagonal Zn3MgY phase
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/06/30/
VL  - 373
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 156
EP  - 160
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The crystal structure of the hexagonal Zn3MgY phase has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structural model, refined to a final R value of 0.047, has the composition Zn60.68Mg18.28Y21.04, <F>a=9.082</F>(2) Å and <F>c=9.415</F>(5) Å and the space group P63/mmc. Among the 36 atomic sites 28 (or 77.8%) are icosahedrally coordinated (heavily distorted by the large Y atoms) and occupied by Zn and Mg (not all) atoms. As the interatomic distance between the centers of a pair of icosahedra increases from 2.6 to 3.1 Å, 4.7 to 4.8 Å, to 6.4 Å, their connection changes from interpenetration, face-sharing, to vertex-sharing. The structure of Zn3MgY is characterized by a layer structure consisting of FP(FP)’ layers stacked along the c axis, where F and P denote flat and puckered layers, respectively, and (FP)’ is related to FP by a 63 screw. The Zn3 icosahedra, in the PFP’ layer block, are fused into pairs in the 〈1 0 0〉 directions. On the other hand the Zn1, Zn2, and Mg/Zn icosahedra form vertex-sharing, face-sharing, or interpenetrated chains in the [0 0 1] direction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZINC
KW  - STRUCTURAL frames -- Models
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Crystalline approximant
KW  - Structure
KW  - Zn–Mg–Y
N1  - Accession Number: 13067732; Deng, D.W. 1,2; Email Address: dwdeng@blem.ac.cn Kuo, K.H. 1,2 Luo, Z.P. 3 Miller, D.J. 4 Kramer, M.J. 5 Dennis, K.W. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, PR China  2: Beijing Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 603, 100080 Beijing, PR China  3: Microscopy and Imaging Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2257, USA  4: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 373 Issue 1/2, p156; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL frames -- Models; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystalline approximant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zn–Mg–Y; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.10.039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, L.R.
AU  - Nikitin, A.
AU  - Benner, D. Chris
AU  - Devi, V. Malathy
AU  - Smith, M.A.H.
AU  - Fejard, L.
AU  - Champion, J.P.
AU  - Tyuterev, Vl.G.
AU  - Sams, R.L.
T1  - Line intensities of CH3D in the Triad region: 6–10 μm
JO  - Journal of Molecular Structure
JF  - Journal of Molecular Structure
Y1  - 2004/06/30/
VL  - 695-696
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 188
SN  - 00222860
AB  - Line intensities of the three lowest fundamentals of the 12CH3D Triad are modeled with an RMS of 3.2% using over 2100 observed values retrieved by multispectrum fitting of enriched sample spectra recorded with two Fourier transform spectrometers. The band strengths of the Triad in units of 10-18 cm-1/(molecule cm-2) at 296 K are, respectively, 2.33 for <f>ν6</f> <f>(E)</f> at 1161 cm-1, 1.75 for <f>ν3</f> <f>(A1)</f> at 1307 cm-1 and 0.571 for <f>ν5</f> <f>(E)</f> at 1472 cm-1. The total calculated absorption arising from 12CH3D Triad fundamentals is 4.65×10-18 cm-1/(molecule cm-2) at 296 K. In addition, some 740 intensities of nine hotbands are fitted to 8.1%; most of the hotband measurements belong to <f>2ν6-ν6</f> and <f>ν3+ν6-ν3</f> near 1160 cm-1, <f>2ν3-ν3</f> near 1290 cm-1 and <f>ν3+ν6-ν6</f> near 1304 cm-1. The other observed hotbands are <f>ν5+ν6-ν6,</f> <f>2ν5-ν5,</f> <f>ν5+ν6-ν5,</f> <f>ν3+ν5-ν3,</f> and ν3+ν5-ν5. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - METHANE
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - CH3D Triad
KW  - Fundamentals
KW  - Hotbands
KW  - Intensities
KW  - Monodeuterated methane
N1  - Accession Number: 13182228; Brown, L.R. 1; Email Address: linda.brown@jpl.nasa.gov Nikitin, A. 2 Benner, D. Chris 3 Devi, V. Malathy 3 Smith, M.A.H. 4 Fejard, L. 5 Champion, J.P. 5 Tyuterev, Vl.G. 6 Sams, R.L. 7; Affiliation:  1: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, MS 183-601, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA  2: Laboratory of Theoretical Spectroscopy, Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634055, Russia  3: Department of Physics, The College of William and Mary, Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA  4: Atmospheric Sciences, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-2199, USA  5: Laboratoire de Physique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue A. Savary B.P. 47870-21078, Dijon, France  6: Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique, UMR CNRS no. 6089, Faculté des Sciences, BP 1039-51687, Reims Cedex 2, France  7: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jun2004, Vol. 695-696, p181; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: ALKANES; Author-Supplied Keyword: CH3D Triad; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fundamentals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hotbands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intensities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monodeuterated methane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.molstruc.2003.12.041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hay, Benjamin P.
AU  - Gutowski, Maciej
AU  - Dixon, David A.
AU  - Garza, Jorge
AU  - Vargas, Rubicelia
AU  - Moyer, Bruce A.
T1  - Structural Criteria for the Rational Design of Selective Ligands: Convergent Hydrogen Bonding Sites for the Nitrate Anion.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/30/
VL  - 126
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 7925
EP  - 7934
SN  - 00027863
AB  - A large number of crystal structures are analyzed to characterize the structural aspects of hydrogen bonding interactions with the NO3- anion. Further insight is provided by the use of electronic structure calculations to determine stable geometries and interaction energies for NO3- complexes with several simple hydrogen bond donor groups, including water, methanol, N-methylform-amide, and methane. The results establish the existence of a clear set of structural criteria for the rational design of molecular receptors that complex the NO3- anion through hydrogen bonding interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR association
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - NITROGEN compounds
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13881780; Hay, Benjamin P. 1; Email Address: ben.hay@pnl.gov Gutowski, Maciej 1 Dixon, David A. 2 Garza, Jorge 3 Vargas, Rubicelia 3 Moyer, Bruce A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487.  3: Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autonóma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, A.P. 55-534, México Distrito Federal 09340, México.  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 6/30/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 25, p7925; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: NITROGEN compounds; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja0487980
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qing Zhang
AU  - Dwyer, Tammy J.
AU  - Tsui, Vickie
AU  - Case, David A.
AU  - Junhyeong Cho
AU  - Dervan, Peter B.
AU  - Wemmer, David E.
T1  - NMR Structure of a Cyclic PoIyamide—DNA Complex.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/06/30/
VL  - 126
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 7958
EP  - 7966
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The solution structure of a cyclic polyamide ligand complexed to a DNA oligomer, derived from NMR restrained molecular mechanics, is presented. The polyamide, cyclo-γ-ImPyPy-PyPyPy*-, binds to target DNA with a nanomolar dissociation constant as characterized by quantitative footprinting previously reported. 2D ¹H NMR data were used to generate distance restraints defining the structure of this cyclic polyamide with the DNA duplex d(5'-GCCTGTTAGCG-3'):d(5'-CGCTAACAGGC-3'). Data interpretation used complete relaxation matrix analysis of the NOESY cross-peak intensities with the program MARDIGRAS. The NMR-based distance restraints (276 total) were applied in restrained molecular dynamics calculations using a solvent model, yielding structures with an rmsd for the ligand and binding site of ∼1 Å. The resulting structures indicate some distortion of the DNA in the binding site. The constraints from cyclization lead to altered stacking of the rings in the halves of the cyclic ligand relative to unlinked complexes. Despite this, the interactions with DNA are very similar to what has been found in unlinked complexes. Measurements of ligand amide and DNA imino proton exchange rates indicate very slow dissociation of the ligand and show that the DNA can undergo opening fluctuations while the ligand is bound although the presence of the ligand decreases their frequency relative to the free DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYAMIDES
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 13881784; Qing Zhang 1,2 Dwyer, Tammy J. 3,4 Tsui, Vickie 4 Case, David A. 4 Junhyeong Cho 5 Dervan, Peter B. 5 Wemmer, David E. 1,2; Email Address: dewemmer@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460.  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110.  4: Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037.  5: Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125.; Source Info: 6/30/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 25, p7958; Subject Term: POLYAMIDES; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja0373622
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hau-Riege, Stefan P.
AU  - Szoke, Hanna
AU  - Chapman, Henry N.
AU  - Szoke, Abraham
AU  - Marchesini, Stefano
AU  - Noy, Alexander
AU  - Haifeng Me
AU  - Howells, Malcolm
AU  - Weierstall, Uwe
AU  - Spence, John C.H.
T1  - SPEDEN: reconstructing single particles from their diffraction patterns.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 294
EP  - 305
SN  - 01087673
AB  - SPEDEN is a computer program that reconstructs the electron density of single particles from their X-ray diffraction patterns, using a single-particle adaptation of the holographic method in crystallography [Szöke, Szöke & Somoza (1997). Acta Cryst. A53, 291-313]. The method, like its parent, is unique because it does not rely on 'back' transformation from the diffraction pattern into real space and on interpolation within measured data. It is designed to deal successfully with sparse, irregular, incomplete and noisy data. It is also designed to use prior information for ensuring sensible results and for reliable convergence. This article describes the theoretical basis for the reconstruction algorithm, its implementation, and quantitative results of tests on synthetic and experimentally obtained data. The program could be used for determining the structures of radiation-tolerant samples and, eventually, of large biological molecular structures without the need for crystallization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER files
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - DIFFRACTIVE scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 13951163; Hau-Riege, Stefan P. 1; Email Address: hauriege1@llnl.gov Szoke, Hanna 1 Chapman, Henry N. 1 Szoke, Abraham 1 Marchesini, Stefano 1 Noy, Alexander 1 Haifeng Me 2 Howells, Malcolm 2 Weierstall, Uwe 3 Spence, John C.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Advance Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94539, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1504, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p294; Subject Term: COMPUTER files; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: DIFFRACTIVE scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0108767304010293
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sevcik, Jozef
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
AU  - Wilson, Keith S.
T1  - Crystal structure reveals two alternative conformations in the active site of ribonuclease Sa2.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1198
EP  - 1204
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Discusses research on the crystal structures of Streptomyces aureofaciens (Sa2) ribonuclease and the identification of two alternative conformations in its active site.  Information on ribonuclease Sa2; Isolation and crystallization of ribonuclease Sa2; Identification of crystal structures; Refinement of structures; Crystal formation.
KW  - RIBONUCLEASES
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - CONFORMATIONAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13877273; Sevcik, Jozef 1; Email Address: jozef.sevcik@savba.sk Dauter, Zbigniew 2 Wilson, Keith S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Molecular Biology, Member of the Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 21, 84551 Bratislava, Slovak Republic  2: Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, NCI, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 757A-X9, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, York YO10 5YW, England; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 60 Issue 7, p1198; Subject Term: RIBONUCLEASES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: CONFORMATIONAL analysis; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904009035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, J. W.
AU  - Chen, J. R.
AU  - Gu, Y. X.
AU  - Zheng, C. D.
AU  - Jiang, F.
AU  - Fan, H. F.
AU  - Terwilliger, T. C.
AU  - Hao, Q.
T1  - SAD phasing by combination of direct methods with the SOLVE/RESOLVE procedure.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1244
EP  - 1253
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Discusses research on the single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) phasing.  Use of SAD phasing in protein crystallography; Phase ambiguity intrinsic to SAD; Bimodal phase probability distribution from SAD; Use of direct methods to break the phase ambiguity in SAD; Comparison of output maps based on different initial phases and from different density-modification procedures.
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 13877244; Wang, J. W. 1 Chen, J. R. 1 Gu, Y. X. 1 Zheng, C. D. 1 Jiang, F. 1 Fan, H. F. 1; Email Address: fan@mail.iphy.ac.cn Terwilliger, T. C. 2 Hao, Q. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: MacCHESS, 273 Wilson Synchrotron Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-8001, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 60 Issue 7, p1244; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 5 Color Photographs, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904010674
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13877244&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oganesyan, Vaheh
AU  - Pufan, Ramona
AU  - DeGiovanni, Andrew
AU  - Yokota, Hisao
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Sung-Hou Kim
T1  - Structure of the putative DNA-binding protein SP_1288 from Streptococcus pyogenes.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1266
EP  - 1271
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Discusses research on the crystal structure of the putative DNA-binding protein SP 1288 from Streptococcus pyogenes.  Methods and materials used in the study; Information on SP 1288; Overall structure of SP 1288; Comparison of SP 1288 structure with folded structures; Conclusion of the study.
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - DNA-binding proteins
KW  - STREPTOCOCCUS pyogenes
N1  - Accession Number: 13877196; Oganesyan, Vaheh 1 Pufan, Ramona 1 DeGiovanni, Andrew 1 Yokota, Hisao 1 Kim, Rosalind 1 Sung-Hou Kim 1,2; Email Address: shkim@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 60 Issue 7, p1266; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: DNA-binding proteins; Subject Term: STREPTOCOCCUS pyogenes; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904009394
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moiseeva, Natalia
AU  - Allaire, Marc
T1  - Crystals of family 11 xylanase II from Trichoderma longibrachiatum that diffract to atomic resolution.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1275
EP  - 1277
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Xylanases catalyse the cleavage of various forms of xylan. A new crystal form of xylanase II from the fungus <em>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</em> that diffracts to better than 1 Å resolution was grown from 12% PEG 8K, 0.1 M Tris pH 8.5, 0.2 M CaCl2 with the addition of 2% glycerol to overcome crystal twinning. The crystals grow in a body-centered orthorhombic Bravais lattice, with unit-cell parameters a = 66.78, b = 67.94, c = 79.18 Å. The solvent content is 42% with one molecule per asymmetric unit. Molecular-replacement analysis reveals the space group to be I222. This atomic resolution structure will provide important insights that will lead to a better understanding of the enzymatic mechanism of the family 11 xylanases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XYLANASES
KW  - FUNGI
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - TRICHODERMA
N1  - Accession Number: 13877123; Moiseeva, Natalia 1 Allaire, Marc 1; Email Address: allaire@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 60 Issue 7, p1275; Subject Term: XYLANASES; Subject Term: FUNGI; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: TRICHODERMA; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904009400
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallis, M. A.
AU  - Rader, D. J.
AU  - Torczynski, J. R.
T1  - A Generalized Approximation for the Thermophoretic Force on a Free-Molecular Particle.
JO  - Aerosol Science & Technology
JF  - Aerosol Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 692
EP  - 706
SN  - 02786826
AB  - A general, approximate expression is described that can be used to predict the thermophoretic force on a free-molecular, motionless, spherical particle suspended in a quiescent gas with a temperature gradient. The thermophoretic force is equal to the product of an order-unity coefficient, the gas-phase translational heat flux, the particle cross-sectional area, and the inverse of the mean molecular speed. Numerical simulations are used to test the accuracy of this expression for monatomic gases, polyatomic gases, and mixtures thereof. Both continuum and noncontinuum conditions are examined; in particular, the effects of low pressure, wall proximity, and high heat flux are investigated. The direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is used to calculate the local molecular velocity distribution, and the force-Green's-function method is used to calculate the thermophoretic force. The approximate expression is found to predict the calculated thermophoretic force to within 10% for all cases examined. The source file mentioned in this article is available online at http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&id=doi:10.1080/02786820490490001. To access this file, click on the issue link for 38(7), then select this article. In order to access the full article online, you must either have an institutional subscription or a member subscription accessed through www.aaar.org. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Aerosol Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - GASES
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - GREEN'S functions
N1  - Accession Number: 51865010; Gallis, M. A. 1 Rader, D. J. 1; Email Address: djrader@sandia.gov Torczynski, J. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 38 Issue 7, p692; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gotoda, H.
AU  - Ueda, T.
AU  - Cheng, R.K.
T1  - Dynamic Motion of Rotating Bunsen Flame Tip in Microgravity.
JO  - AIAA Journal
JF  - AIAA Journal
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1485
EP  - 1489
SN  - 00011452
AB  - Investigates the effect of bouyancy on the periodic and nonperiodic oscillating flame motion as functions of flow velocity and burner rotation rate, using a rotating Bunsen burner system. Predominance of the jet inertial force in determining flame shape variations; Characteristics of a tubular flame.
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - BUNSEN burner
KW  - GAS-burners
KW  - REDUCED gravity environments
KW  - FLAME
KW  - SPEED
N1  - Accession Number: 14013984; Gotoda, H. 1 Ueda, T. 1 Cheng, R.K. 2; Email Address: RKCheng@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japana  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 42 Issue 7, p1485; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: BUNSEN burner; Subject Term: GAS-burners; Subject Term: REDUCED gravity environments; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: SPEED; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silbar, Richard R.
AU  - Reddy, Sanjay
T1  - Neutron stars for undergraduates.
JO  - American Journal of Physics
JF  - American Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 72
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 892
EP  - 905
SN  - 00029505
AB  - The calculation of the structure of white dwarf and neutron stars is a suitable topic for an undergraduate thesis or an advanced special topics or independent study course. The subject is rich in many different areas of physics, ranging from thermodynamics to quantum statistics to nuclear physics to special and general relativity. The computations for solving the coupled structure differential equations (both Newtonian and general relativistic) can be done using a symbolic computational package. In doing so, students will develop computational skills and learn how to deal with units. Along the way they also will learn some of the physics of equations of state and of degenerate stars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Physics is the property of American Association of Physics Teachers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - NEUTRON stars
KW  - QUANTUM statistics
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - STUDY skills
N1  - Accession Number: 13881885; Silbar, Richard R. 1; Email Address: silbar@lanl.gov Reddy, Sanjay 1; Email Address: reddy@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 72 Issue 7, p892; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: NEUTRON stars; Subject Term: QUANTUM statistics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: STUDY skills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611691 Exam Preparation and Tutoring; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1119/1.1703544
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang Ding
AU  - Veblen, David R.
T1  - Impactite from Henbury, Australia.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 89
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 961
EP  - 968
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Impactite was formed in several small, closely spaced craters by the impact of iron meteorites on sandstone at Henbury, central Australia. Through application of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, convergent-beam electron diffraction, and selected-area electron diffraction, chemical compositions and space groups were determined for multiple crystalline phases in the impactite. Based on this chemical and structural information, sub-micrometer fayalite (approximately 40% of the total volume of crystalline phases), magnetite (25%), a-quartz (20%), hercynite (10%), diamond (3%), and a Nisulfide phase (2%) were identified, in addition to abundant glass. Compared with the pre-shock rock, the Henbury impactite was subjected to dramatic phase transformation and chemical redistribution and fractionation processes during the impact event. The newly formed dendritic crystalline phases such as fayalite, magnetite, and hercynite, as well as the surrounding glass, may represent metastable eutectic crystallization that occurred between approximately 1600 °C (liquidus temperature of hercynite) and 850 °C (75% of the liquidus temperature of fayalite) on a time scale of seconds. Generally, the composition of glass surrounding magnetite, fayalite, and hercynite is close to SiO2, plus small amounts of Fe (about 10%), but the glass around magnetite can also be considerably more enriched in Fe. The distribution of magnetite and fayalite is probably related to the Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio in the original melt as altered by the local oxygen fugacity, and the formation of hercynite is governed by both the Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio and the distribution of A1 in the sample. Alpha quartz probably formed from Fe-depleted silica in the autoannealing period, at low pressure and relatively low temperatures. Diamond crystals in the impactite are euhedral and may have formed through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at ... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METEORITE craters
KW  - SANDSTONE
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - MAGNETITE
KW  - AUSTRALIA
N1  - Accession Number: 14014519; Yang Ding 1; Email Address: yding@hpcat.aps.anl.gov Veblen, David R. 2; Affiliation:  1: HPCAT, Bld. 434E, Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4803, U.S.A.  2: The Morton K Blaustein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, U.S.A; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 89 Issue 7, p961; Subject Term: METEORITE craters; Subject Term: SANDSTONE; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: MAGNETITE; Subject Term: AUSTRALIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212317 Sandstone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 9 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murrell, Mike
T1  - Uranium-Series Geochemistry (Book).
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 89
IS  - 7
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1150
EP  - 1151
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Reviews the book "Uranium-Series Geochemistry," edited by B. Bourdon, G. M. Henderson, C. C. Lundstrom and S. P. Turner.
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - BOURDON, B.
KW  - HENDERSON, G. M.
KW  - LUNDSTROM, C. C.
KW  - TURNER, S. P.
KW  - URANIUM-Series Geochemistry (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14014546; Murrell, Mike 1; Affiliation:  1: Isotope and Nuclear Chemistry Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 89 Issue 7, p1150; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: URANIUM-Series Geochemistry (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; People: BOURDON, B.; People: HENDERSON, G. M.; People: LUNDSTROM, C. C.; People: TURNER, S. P.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hindson, Benjamin J.
AU  - Brown, Steve B.
AU  - Marshall, Graham D.
AU  - McBride, Mary T.
AU  - Makarewicz, Anthony J.
AU  - Gutierrez, Dora M.
AU  - Wolcott, Duane K.
AU  - Metz, Thomas R.
AU  - Madabhushi, Ramakrishna S.
AU  - Dzenitis, John M.
AU  - Colston Jr., Billy W.
T1  - Development of an Automated Sample Preparation Module for Environmental Monitoring of Biowarfare Agents.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3492
EP  - 3497
SN  - 00032700
AB  - An automated sample preparation module, based upon sequential injection analysis (SIA), has been developed for use within an autonomous pathogen detection system. The SIA system interfaced aerosol sampling with multiplexed microsphere immunoassay-flow cytometric detection. Metering and sequestering of microspheres using SIA was found to be reproducible and reliable, over 24-h periods of autonomous operation. Four inbuilt immunoassay controls showed excellent immunoassay and system stability over five days of unattended continuous operation. Titration curves for two biological warfare agents, Bacillus anthracis and Yersinia pestis, obtained using the automated SIA procedure were shown to be similar to those generated using a manual microtiter plate procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring
KW  - BIOLOGICAL warfare
KW  - BIOLOGICAL weapons
KW  - SAMPLE introduction (Chemistry)
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry -- Technique
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
N1  - Accession Number: 13881823; Hindson, Benjamin J. 1 Brown, Steve B. 1 Marshall, Graham D. 2 McBride, Mary T. 1 Makarewicz, Anthony J. 1 Gutierrez, Dora M. 1 Wolcott, Duane K. 2 Metz, Thomas R. 1 Madabhushi, Ramakrishna S. 1 Dzenitis, John M. 1 Colston Jr., Billy W. 1; Email Address: colston1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94551.  2: Global FIA, Inc., P.O. Box 480, Fox Island, Washington 98333.; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 13, p3492; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL warfare; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL weapons; Subject Term: SAMPLE introduction (Chemistry); Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry -- Technique; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gross, Gwen M.
AU  - Prazen, Bryan J.
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
AU  - Synovec, Robert E.
T1  - High-Speed Gas Chromatography Using Synchronized Dual-Valve Injection.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3517
EP  - 3524
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A novel injection technique for high-speed gas chromatography is demonstrated. Synchronized dual-valve injection is shown to provide peak widths as low as 1.5 ms (width at half-height) for an unretained analyte. This was achieved using a 0.5-m DB-5 column with an internal diameter of 100 μm and a film thickness of 0.4 μm operated at a temperature of 150 °C with a column absolute head pressure of 85 psi, resulting in a dead lime of only to = 26 ms (∼ 1900 cm/s, 26 mL/min). Using the DB-5 column in a 1-m length under the same instrumental parameters, with a resulting linear flow velocity of 935 cm/s (12.7 mL/min, to = 117 ms), a minimum peak width of 3.3 ms was obtained. During an isothermal separation, 10 analytes were separated in a time window of 400 ms. A rigorous comparison of experimental and theoretical band-broadening data based on the Golay equation showed that band broadening is limited almost entirely by the chromatographic band broadening terms expressed by the Golay equation and not by extra column band broadening due to the injection process. Synchronized dual-valve injection offers a rugged and inexpensive design, providing extremely reproducible injections with peak height precision of 2.4% (RSD) and low run-to-run variation in retention times, with an average standard deviation less than 0.1 ms. Herein, synchronized dual-valve injection is demonstrated as a proof of principle using high-speed diaphragm valves. It is foreseen that the injection technique could be readily implemented using a combination of thermal modulation and high-speed valve hardware, thus optimizing the mass transfer and not significantly sacrificing the limit of detection performance for high-speed GC. Further implications are that, if properly implemented, high-speed temperature programming coupled with this new technology should lead to very large peak capacities for ∼ 1-s separations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS chromatography
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL research
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13881827; Gross, Gwen M. 1 Prazen, Bryan J. 1 Grate, Jay W. 2 Synovec, Robert E. 1; Email Address: synovec@chem.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Process Analytical Chemist,y, Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195.  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 13, p3517; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL research; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Balkwil, David L.
AU  - Kennedy, David
AU  - Li, Shu-mei W.
AU  - Kostandarithes, Heather M.
AU  - Daly, Michael J.
AU  - Romine, Margaret F.
AU  - Brockman, Fred J.
T1  - Geomicrobiology of High-Level Nuclear Waste-Contaminated Vadose Sediments at the Hanford Site, Washington State.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 4230
EP  - 4241
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Sediments from a high-level nuclear waste plume were collected as part of investigations to evaluate the potential fate and migration of contaminants in the subsurface. The plume originated from a leak that occurred in 1962 from a waste tank consisting of high concentrations of alkali, nitrate, aluminate, Cr(VI), 137Cs, and 99Tc. Investigations were initiated to determine the distribution of viable microorganisms in the vadose sediment samples, probe the phylogeny of cultivated and uncultivated members, and evaluate the ability of the cultivated organisms to survive acute doses of ionizing radiation. The populations of viable aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were generally low, from below detection to ∼104 CFU g-1, but viable microorganisms were recovered from 11 of 16 samples, including several of the most radioactive ones (e.g., > 10 µCi of 137Cs/g). The isolates from the contaminated sediments and clone libraries from sediment DNA extracts were dominated by members related to known gram-positive bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria most closely related to Arthrobacter species were the most common isolates among all samples, but other phyla high in G+C content were also represented, including Rhodococcus and Nocardia. Two isolates from the second-most radioactive sample (>20 µCi of 137Cs g-1) were closely related to Deinococcus radiodurans and were able to survive acute doses of ionizing radiation approaching 20 kGy. Many of the gram-positive isolates were resistant to lower levels of gamma radiation. These results demonstrate that gram-positive bacteria, predominantly from phyla high in G+C content, are indigenous to Hanford vadose sediments and that some are effective at surviving the extreme physical and chemical stress associated with radioactive waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOMICROBIOLOGY
KW  - ZONE of aeration
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - HANFORD Site (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13951010; Fredrickson, James K. 1; Email Address: jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Balkwil, David L. 2 Kennedy, David 1 Li, Shu-mei W. 1 Kostandarithes, Heather M. 1 Daly, Michael J. 3 Romine, Margaret F. 1 Brockman, Fred J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland  3: Florida State University, Tallahasse, Florida; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 7, p4230; Subject Term: GEOMICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: ZONE of aeration; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: HANFORD Site (Wash.); Subject Term: WASHINGTON (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.7.4230-4241.2004
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sung-Keun Rhee
AU  - Xueduan Liu
AU  - Liyou Wu
AU  - Chong, Song C.
AU  - Xiufeng Wan
AU  - Jizhong Zhou
T1  - Detection of Genes Involved i Biodegradation and Biotransformation in Microbial Communities by Using 50-Mer Oligonucleotide Microarrays.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 4303
EP  - 4317
SN  - 00992240
AB  - To effectively monitor biodegrading populations, a comprehensive 50-mer-based oligonucleotide microarray was developed based on most of the 2,402 known genes and pathways involved in biodegradation and metal resistance. This array contained 1,662 unique and group-specific probes with <85% similarity to their nontarget sequences. Based on artificial probes, our results showed that under hybridization conditions of 50°C and 50% formamide, the 50-mer microarray hybridization can differentiate sequences having <88% similarity. Specificity tests with representative pure cultures indicated that the designed probes on the arrays appeared to be specific to their corresponding target genes. The detection limit was ∼5 to 10 ng of genomic DNA in the absence of background DNA and 50 to 100 ng of pure-culture genomic DNA in the presence of background DNA or 13 x 107 cells in the presence of background RNA. Strong linear relationships between the signal intensity and the target DNA and RNA were observed (r² = 0.95 to 0.99). Application of this type of microarray to analyze naphthalene-amended enrichment and soil microcosms demonstrated that microfiora changed differently depending on the incubation conditions. While the naphthalene-degrading genes from Rhodococcus-type microorganisms were dominant in naphthalene-degrading enrichments, the genes involved in naphthalene (and polyaromatic hydrocarbon and nitrotoluene) degradation from gram-negative microorganisms, such as Ralstonia, Comamonas, and Burkholderia, were most abundant in the soil microcosms. In contrast to general conceptions, naphthalene-degrading genes from Pseudomonas were not detected, although Pseudomonas is widely known as a model microorganism for studying naphthalene degradation. The real-time PCR analysis with four representative genes showed that the microarray-based quantification was very consistent with real-time PCR (r2 = 0.74). In addition, application of the arrays to both polyaromatic-hydrocarbon- and benzene-toluene-ethylbenzene-xylene-contaminated and uncontaminated soils indicated that the developed microarrays appeared to be useful for profiling differences in microbial community structures. Our results indicate that this technology has potential as a specific, sensitive, and quantitative tool in revealing a comprehensive picture of the compositions of biodegradation genes and the microbial community in contaminated environments, although more work is needed to improve detection sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - BIOTRANSFORMATION (Metabolism)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - NAPHTHALENE
KW  - DNA
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 13951018; Sung-Keun Rhee 1,2 Xueduan Liu 1 Liyou Wu 1 Chong, Song C. 1 Xiufeng Wan 1 Jizhong Zhou 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: BioDiversity Information Laboratory, Biological Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, South Korea; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 7, p4303; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: BIOTRANSFORMATION (Metabolism); Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NAPHTHALENE; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.7.4303-4317.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephen  Batsford
AU  - John  Dunn
AU  - Michael  Mihatsch
T1  - Outer surface lipoproteins of Borrelia burgdorferi vary in their ability to induce experimental joint injury.
JO  - Arthritis & Rheumatism
JF  - Arthritis & Rheumatism
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 50
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2360
EP  - 2369
SN  - 00043591
AB  - To examine the ability of bacterial lipoproteins from the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi to cause in vivo tissue injury (arthritis).Outer surface proteins (OSPs) from B burgdorferi were used in a rat model of antigen‐induced allergic arthritis. Intraarticular challenge with recombinant OspA, OspB, and OspC in nonlipidated (peptide) and lipidated forms was performed in the left knee joint; the contralateral joint received buffer as control. Inflammation was monitored by technetium scintigraphy and histology.Nonlipidated (peptide) OspA, OspB, and OspC did not induce arthritis; the only exception was polymerized OspA, which was tested in preimmunized rats. Lipidated OspA from 2 different strains and lipidated OspC induced severe arthritis, whereas lipidated OspB failed to induce injury. A synthetic analog of the OSP lipid modification, lipopeptide Pam3Cys‐Ser‐Lys4‐OH, either alone or coupled to bovine serum albumin, also failed to induce injury. Injury did not develop in control groups that were given the appropriate buffers or lipopolysaccharide. This showed that lipidated borrelial OSPs can be potent arthritogens but vary greatly with respect to their injury‐inducing potential. The possession of a lipid modification is essential but is not sufficient to render an OSP arthritogenic.This is the first study to demonstrate that individual lipoproteins from B burgdorferi can induce experimental joint injury in vivo. These results may help elucidate the pathogenesis of Lyme arthritis and, above all, underline the importance of bacterial lipoproteins as major virulence factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Arthritis & Rheumatism is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIPOPROTEINS
KW  - ARTHRITIS
KW  - BORRELIA burgdorferi
KW  - SERUM albumin
KW  - LYME disease
N1  - Accession Number: 20685596; Stephen  Batsford 1 John  Dunn 2 Michael  Mihatsch 3; Affiliation:  1: Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  3: Institute of Pathology, Kantonspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 50 Issue 7, p2360; Subject Term: LIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: ARTHRITIS; Subject Term: BORRELIA burgdorferi; Subject Term: SERUM albumin; Subject Term: LYME disease; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnard, James C.
AU  - Chapman, Elaine G.
AU  - Fast, Jerome D.
AU  - Schmelzer, John R.
AU  - Slusser, James R.
AU  - Shetter, Richard E.
T1  - An evaluation of the FAST-J photolysis algorithm for predicting nitrogen dioxide photolysis rates under clear and cloudy sky conditions
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 38
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3393
EP  - 3403
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The FAST-J algorithm was developed to quickly and accurately calculate photolysis rates under both clear and cloudy sky conditions. In this paper, photolysis rates of nitrogen dioxide were calculated using FAST-J and compared with measurements taken at two sites in the United States: Phoenix, Arizona, and Houston, Texas. The measurements were derived from either an actinic flux filter radiometer (Phoenix) or a spectroradiometer (Houston). A sun photometer sited nearby these radiometers provided irradiance measurements from which aerosol and cloud optical thicknesses were obtained. Aerosol single scattering albedo was not known, but was taken to be either 0.79 or 0.94, representative of either soot- or sulfate-like aerosols, respectively. These optical properties served as input to the FAST-J algorithm, which in turn was used to calculate photolysis rates. For both clear and cloudy sky cases, the modeled and measured photolysis rates agree within the uncertainties of the measurements for a single scattering albedo of 0.94. For a single scattering albedo of 0.79, the agreement is again within the uncertainty limits except for the cloudy sky case in Houston. The results suggest that the FAST-J code may be a practical algorithm for use in atmospheric chemical transport models that make repeated calls to photolysis rate subroutines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NITROGEN dioxide
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Cloud optical thickness
KW  - Cloudy sky
KW  - NO2 photolysis
KW  - Radiative transfer model
KW  - Single scattering albedo
N1  - Accession Number: 13166807; Barnard, James C. 1; Email Address: james.barnard@pnl.gov Chapman, Elaine G. 1 Fast, Jerome D. 1 Schmelzer, John R. 1 Slusser, James R. 2 Shetter, Richard E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN: K:9-30, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P. O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, USDA UVB Monitoring and Research Network, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA  3: National Center for Atmospheric Research, 1850 Table Mesa Dr, Boulder, CO 80305, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 38 Issue 21, p3393; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NITROGEN dioxide; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloud optical thickness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloudy sky; Author-Supplied Keyword: NO2 photolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative transfer model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single scattering albedo; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, D. W.
AU  - Cheng, W.
AU  - Joslin, J. D.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Edwards, N. T.
AU  - Todd Jr., D. E.
T1  - Effects of elevated CO2 on nutrient cycling in a sweetgum plantation.
JO  - Biogeochemistry
JF  - Biogeochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 69
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 403
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01682563
AB  - The effects of elevated CO2 on nutrient cycling and selected belowground processes in the closed-canopy sweetgum plantation were assessed as part of a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. We hypothesized that nitrogen (N) constraints to growth response to elevated CO2 would be mitigated primarily by reduced tissue concentrations (resulting in increased biomass production per unit uptake) rather than increased uptake. Conversely, we hypothesized that the constraints of other nutrients to growth response to elevated CO2 would be mitigated primarily by increased uptake because of adequate soil supplies. The first hypothesis was not supported: although elevated CO2 caused reduced foliar N concentrations, it also resulted in increased uptake and requirement of N, primarily because of greater root turnover. The additional N uptake with elevated CO2 constituted between 10 and 40% of the estimated soil mineralizeable N pool. The second hypothesis was largely supported: elevated CO2 had no significant effects on tissue concentrations of P, K, Ca, or Mg and caused significantly increased uptake and requirement of K, Ca, and Mg. Soil exchangeable pools of these nutrients are large and should pose no constraint to continued growth responses. Elevated CO2 also caused increased microbial biomass, reduced N leaching and increased P leaching from O horizons (measured by resin lysimeters), reduced soil solution <MATH>NH4+</MATH>, <MATH>SO42-</MATH>, and Ca2+ concentrations, and increased soil solution pH. There were no statistically significant treatment effects on soil nutrient availability as measured by resin capsules, resin stakes, or in situ incubations. Despite significantly lower litterfall N concentrations in the elevated CO2 treatment, there were no significant treatment effects on translocation or forest floor biomass or nutrient contents. There were also no significant treatment effects on the rate of decomposition of fine roots. In general, the effects of elevated CO2 on nutrient cycling in this study were not large; future constraints on growth responses imposed by N limitations will depend on changes in N demand, atmospheric N deposition, and soil mineralization rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biogeochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Biomass production
KW  - Soils & nutrition
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Plantations
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Forest
KW  - Nutrient cycling
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 15099923; Johnson, D. W. 1; Email Address: dwj@cabnr.unr.edu; Cheng, W. 2; Joslin, J. D. 3; Norby, R. J. 4; Edwards, N. T. 4; Todd Jr., D. E. 4; Affiliations: 1: Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557 USA; 2: Department of Environmental Studies, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064 USA; 3: Belowground Forest Research Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA; 4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p379; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Thesaurus Term: Biomass production; Thesaurus Term: Soils & nutrition; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Plantations; Subject Term: Biogeochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nutrient cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uptake; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, D. W.
AU  - Cheng, W.
AU  - Joslin, J. D.
AU  - Norby, R. J.
AU  - Edwards, N. T.
AU  - Todd Jr., D. E.
T1  - Effects of elevated CO2 on nutrient cycling in a sweetgum plantation.
JO  - Biogeochemistry
JF  - Biogeochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 69
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 403
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01682563
AB  - The effects of elevated CO2 on nutrient cycling and selected belowground processes in the closed-canopy sweetgum plantation were assessed as part of a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. We hypothesized that nitrogen (N) constraints to growth response to elevated CO2 would be mitigated primarily by reduced tissue concentrations (resulting in increased biomass production per unit uptake) rather than increased uptake. Conversely, we hypothesized that the constraints of other nutrients to growth response to elevated CO2 would be mitigated primarily by increased uptake because of adequate soil supplies. The first hypothesis was not supported: although elevated CO2 caused reduced foliar N concentrations, it also resulted in increased uptake and requirement of N, primarily because of greater root turnover. The additional N uptake with elevated CO2 constituted between 10 and 40% of the estimated soil mineralizeable N pool. The second hypothesis was largely supported: elevated CO2 had no significant effects on tissue concentrations of P, K, Ca, or Mg and caused significantly increased uptake and requirement of K, Ca, and Mg. Soil exchangeable pools of these nutrients are large and should pose no constraint to continued growth responses. Elevated CO2 also caused increased microbial biomass, reduced N leaching and increased P leaching from O horizons (measured by resin lysimeters), reduced soil solution <MATH>NH4+</MATH>, <MATH>SO42-</MATH>, and Ca2+ concentrations, and increased soil solution pH. There were no statistically significant treatment effects on soil nutrient availability as measured by resin capsules, resin stakes, or in situ incubations. Despite significantly lower litterfall N concentrations in the elevated CO2 treatment, there were no significant treatment effects on translocation or forest floor biomass or nutrient contents. There were also no significant treatment effects on the rate of decomposition of fine roots. In general, the effects of elevated CO2 on nutrient cycling in this study were not large; future constraints on growth responses imposed by N limitations will depend on changes in N demand, atmospheric N deposition, and soil mineralization rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biogeochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOIL moisture
KW  - BIOMASS production
KW  - SOILS & nutrition
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - PLANTATIONS
KW  - BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Forest
KW  - Nutrient cycling
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Uptake
N1  - Accession Number: 15099923; Johnson, D. W. 1; Email Address: dwj@cabnr.unr.edu Cheng, W. 2 Joslin, J. D. 3 Norby, R. J. 4 Edwards, N. T. 4 Todd Jr., D. E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557 USA  2: Department of Environmental Studies, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064 USA  3: Belowground Forest Research Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA  4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p379; Subject Term: SOIL moisture; Subject Term: BIOMASS production; Subject Term: SOILS & nutrition; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: PLANTATIONS; Subject Term: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forest; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nutrient cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nutrients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uptake; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kelley, Stephen S.
AU  - Rowell, Roger M.
AU  - Davis, Mark
AU  - Jurich, Cheryl K.
AU  - Ibach, Rebecca
T1  - Rapid analysis of the chemical composition of agricultural fibers using near infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis molecular beam mass spectrometry
JO  - Biomass & Bioenergy
JF  - Biomass & Bioenergy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
SN  - 09619534
AB  - The chemical composition of a variety of agricultural biomass samples was analyzed with near infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis molecular beam mass spectroscopy. These samples were selected from a wide array of agricultural residue samples and included residues that had been subjected to a variety of different treatments including solvent extractions and chemical modifications. This analysis showed that both spectroscopic tools, coupled with multivariate analytical techniques, could be used to differentiate the samples and accurately predict the chemical composition of this disparate set of agricultural biomass samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomass & Bioenergy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Near infrared spectroscopy
KW  - Pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry
KW  - Rapid chemical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 12776576; Kelley, Stephen S. 1; Email Address: steve_kelley@nrel.gov Rowell, Roger M. 2 Davis, Mark 2 Jurich, Cheryl K. 1 Ibach, Rebecca 2; Affiliation:  1: National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: USDA Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Near infrared spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rapid chemical analysis; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.biombioe.2003.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ridley, Maureen
AU  - MacQueen, Donald
T1  - Sampling Plan Optimization: A Data Review and Sampling Frequency Evaluation Process.
JO  - Bioremediation Journal
JF  - Bioremediation Journal
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul-Dec2004
VL  - 8
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
EP  - 175
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10889868
AB  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) uses a cost-effective sampling (CES) methodology to evaluate and review ground water contaminant data and optimize the site's ground water monitoring plan. The CES methodology is part of LLNL's regulatory approved compliance monitoring plan (Lamarre et al., 1996). It allows LLNL to adjust the ground water sampling plan every quarter in response to changing conditions at the site. Since the use of the CES methodology has been approved by the appropriate regulatory agencies, such adjustments do not need additional regulatory approval. This permits LLNL to respond more quickly to changing conditions. The CES methodology bases the sampling frequency for each location on trend, variability, and magnitude statistics describing the contaminants at that location, and on the input of the technical staff (hydrologists, chemists, statisticians, and project leaders). After initial setup is complete, each application of CES takes only a few days for as many as 400 wells. Effective use of the CES methodology requires sufficient data, an understanding of contaminant transport at the site, and an adequate number of monitoring wells downgradient of the contamination. The initial implementation of CES at LLNL in 1992 produced a 40%reduction in the required number of annual routine ground water samples at LLNL. This has saved LLNL$390,000 annually in sampling, analysis, and data management costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bioremediation Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GROUNDWATER monitoring
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring
KW  - BIOREMEDIATION
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - DATA analysis
KW  - data analysis
KW  - optimization
KW  - sampling plan
KW  - statistical evaluation
N1  - Accession Number: 15496491; Ridley, Maureen 1 MacQueen, Donald 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National, Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul-Dec2004, Vol. 8 Issue 3/4, p167; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER monitoring; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring; Subject Term: BIOREMEDIATION; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: DATA analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: sampling plan; Author-Supplied Keyword: statistical evaluation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10889860490887572
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15496491&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ridley, Maureen
AU  - MacQueen, Donald
T1  - Sampling Plan Optimization: A Data Review and Sampling Frequency Evaluation Process.
JO  - Bioremediation Journal
JF  - Bioremediation Journal
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul-Dec2004
VL  - 8
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 167
EP  - 175
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10889868
AB  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) uses a cost-effective sampling (CES) methodology to evaluate and review ground water contaminant data and optimize the site's ground water monitoring plan. The CES methodology is part of LLNL's regulatory approved compliance monitoring plan (Lamarre et al., 1996). It allows LLNL to adjust the ground water sampling plan every quarter in response to changing conditions at the site. Since the use of the CES methodology has been approved by the appropriate regulatory agencies, such adjustments do not need additional regulatory approval. This permits LLNL to respond more quickly to changing conditions. The CES methodology bases the sampling frequency for each location on trend, variability, and magnitude statistics describing the contaminants at that location, and on the input of the technical staff (hydrologists, chemists, statisticians, and project leaders). After initial setup is complete, each application of CES takes only a few days for as many as 400 wells. Effective use of the CES methodology requires sufficient data, an understanding of contaminant transport at the site, and an adequate number of monitoring wells downgradient of the contamination. The initial implementation of CES at LLNL in 1992 produced a 40%reduction in the required number of annual routine ground water samples at LLNL. This has saved LLNL$390,000 annually in sampling, analysis, and data management costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bioremediation Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater monitoring
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - data analysis
KW  - optimization
KW  - sampling plan
KW  - statistical evaluation
N1  - Accession Number: 15496491; Ridley, Maureen 1; MacQueen, Donald 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National, Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Issue Info: Jul-Dec2004, Vol. 8 Issue 3/4, p167; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Environmental monitoring; Thesaurus Term: Bioremediation; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: sampling plan; Author-Supplied Keyword: statistical evaluation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10889860490887572
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rizki, Aylin
AU  - Bissell, Mina J.
T1  - Homeostasis in the breast: It takes a village
JO  - Cancer Cell
JF  - Cancer Cell
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
SN  - 15356108
AB  - Progression from normal to malignant phenotype involves aberrations in the reciprocal interactions of multiple cell types with each other and with other components of the microenvironment. In this issue of Cancer Cell,  demonstrate that progression to breast cancer involves genotypic as well as gene expression changes that are cell type-specific, suggesting that targeted therapies delivered to the tumor may need to include drugs targeted not only to the tumor cells, but also to the other cell types in the tumor microenvironment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Cell is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOMEOSTASIS
KW  - CANCER cells
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - CANCER genetics
KW  - CELL interaction (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 13804248; Rizki, Aylin 1 Bissell, Mina J.; Email Address: mjbissell@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Department of Cancer Biology, One Cyclotron Road, Mail stop 83-101, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: HOMEOSTASIS; Subject Term: CANCER cells; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: CANCER genetics; Subject Term: CELL interaction (Biology); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.06.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frenklach, Michael
AU  - Ping, Jonathan
T1  - On the role of surface migration in the growth and structure of graphene layers
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1209
SN  - 00086223
AB  - The principle of chemical similarity, postulating analogy of chemical reactions taking place on a graphene edge to those of aromatic species, has lead to the formulation of detailed reaction models for the growth of carbonaceous surfaces. While meeting a reasonable success, for instance in the areas of soot and carbon-black formation, such an analogy-based approach cannot be expected to provide a truly realistic description of surface processes. The primary cause of the possible dissimilarity is the difference in steric confinements of reactive sites. A recent quantum chemical study of possible reaction steps led to a proposed phenomenon of surface migration of five-member rings along an edge of a graphene layer. The migrating ring can either desorb or convert to a six-member ring upon an encounter with another six-member ring or a reaction with a gaseous species. All these processes––migration, desorption, and transformation reactions––are mediated by reactions with gaseous hydrogen atoms. The subject of the present communication is analysis of this coupled phenomenon. We will report the results of new Monte Carlo simulations that examine the interplay among surface migration, gas–surface reactions, desorption, and surface transformation reactions of the five-member rings, focusing on emergent morphologies of graphene layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - A. Carbon black
KW  - C. Molecular simulation
KW  - D. Reaction kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 12977106; Frenklach, Michael 1; Email Address: myf@me.berkeley.edu Ping, Jonathan 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1740, USA  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 42 Issue 7, p1209; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Carbon black; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Molecular simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Reaction kinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.01.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lodewyckx, P.
AU  - Wood, G.O.
AU  - Ryu, S.K.
T1  - The Wheeler–Jonas equation: a versatile tool for the prediction of carbon bed breakthrough times
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1345
SN  - 00086223
AB  - This paper gives an overview of the recent developments in the use of the Wheeler–Jonas equation. Extensive experimental work has been done by measuring breakthrough times of different types of activated carbon beds, under different experimental conditions, for a large variety of gases and vapours. This includes the use of activated carbon fibre beds, the presence of moisture on the carbon and in the air stream, non-constant flow patterns and adsorption of chemisorbed species. In all cases the applicability of the Wheeler–Jonas has been demonstrated, i.e. one can use this equation to extrapolate single laboratory breakthrough results by simply varying the independent variables of the equation (amount of adsorbent, flow rate, inlet and breakthrough concentrations). In most cases it is even possible to perform ab initio breakthrough calculations for a well-defined carbon bed. To achieve this new supporting equations had to be derived to allow the estimation of the dependent variables, <f>We</f> (the equilibrium adsorption capacity) and <f>kv</f> (the overall mass transfer coefficient), under different circumstances. In conclusion, the scope of the Wheeler–Jonas (or Reaction Kinetic) equation extends largely beyond its commonly accepted boundaries. This is primarily due to its apparent simplicity: the combination of a single capacity term and an overall kinetic effect strongly enhances its applicability to different adsorption circumstances. In this way it is far more potent than many of the more modern equations that require the exact knowledge of several, not readily available, input parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTIVATED carbon
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - A. Activated carbon
KW  - Carbon fibers
KW  - D. Adsorption properties
KW  - Transport properties
N1  - Accession Number: 12977230; Lodewyckx, P. 1; Email Address: peter.lodewyckx@rma.ac.be Wood, G.O. 2 Ryu, S.K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Royal Military Academy, Renaissancelaan 30, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium  2: Industrial Hygiene & Safety Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS K486, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 305-764 Taejon, South Korea; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 42 Issue 7, p1345; Subject Term: ACTIVATED carbon; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Activated carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Adsorption properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.01.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duma, V.
AU  - Popp, K.E.
AU  - Kung, M.C.
AU  - Zhou, H.
AU  - Nguyen, S.
AU  - Ohyama, S.
AU  - Kung, H.H.
AU  - Marshall, C.L.
T1  - Gas phase oxidation of benzoic acid to phenol over nickel oxide catalysts
JO  - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF  - Chemical Engineering Journal
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 99
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 236
SN  - 13858947
AB  - The catalytic conversion of benzoic acid to phenol in the presence of water and oxygen was studied in the vapor phase over nickel oxide on various supports. NiO/SiO2 was the most selective, and the selectivity reached over 50% using iron oxide and sodium oxide modifiers. Ni–Fe oxide prepared by coprecipitation deactivated with time-on-stream, but that prepared using a cellulose templating method was more stable. Benzene was often a significant by-product. Some coupling products were formed, including xanthone, fluorenone, and biphenyl. From deuterium isotope labeling experiments, the hydroxyl group was found to be formed at the carbon next to the one with the carboxylic acid group. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BENZOIC acid
KW  - PHENOL
KW  - NICKEL compounds
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - Benzoic acid
KW  - Heterogeneous catalysis
KW  - Nickel oxide
KW  - Phenol synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 13068718; Duma, V. 1 Popp, K.E. 1 Kung, M.C. 1 Zhou, H. 2 Nguyen, S. 2 Ohyama, S. 3 Kung, H.H. 1; Email Address: hkung@northwestern.edu Marshall, C.L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60201-3120, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60201-3120, USA  3: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo, Japan  4: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 99 Issue 3, p227; Subject Term: BENZOIC acid; Subject Term: PHENOL; Subject Term: NICKEL compounds; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzoic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phenol synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cej.2003.11.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hachmann, Johannes
AU  - Galek, Peter T.A.
AU  - Yanai, Takeshi
AU  - Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
AU  - Handy, Nicholas C.
T1  - The nodes of Hartree–Fock wavefunctions and their orbitals
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 392
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 61
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Hartree–Fock generated orbitals and wavefunctions feature nodes and nodal artefacts due to theory and different aspects of practical computation (basis set truncation and arrangement, as well as convergence limitations). We find that nodal artefacts occur even in high precision near complete basis set limit calculations. The beryllium atom is studied in detail. The consequences of our discussions have implications for Quantum Monte Carlo studies and the numerical investigation of fermion nodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13470746; Hachmann, Johannes 1,2; Email Address: j.hachmann@gmx.de Galek, Peter T.A. 1 Yanai, Takeshi 3 Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic 1 Handy, Nicholas C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University Centre for Computational Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK  2: Arbeitsgruppe Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldstraße 11, 07743 Jena, Germany  3: Computational Chemical Science Group, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS6367, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 392 Issue 1-3, p55; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.070
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodland, Karin D.
T1  - Proteomics and cancer diagnosis: the potential of mass spectrometry
JO  - Clinical Biochemistry
JF  - Clinical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 37
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 579
EP  - 583
SN  - 00099120
AB  - Proteomic approaches to the identification of novel biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and staging have traditionally relied on the identification of differentially expressed proteins between tumor cells and their normal counterparts based on the patterns of protein expression observed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Recent advances in mass spectrometry and in the informatics and statistical tools necessary to interpret mass spectrometric data have revolutionized the approach to defining new tumor markers. The combinations of SELDI mass spectrometry, retentate affinity chromatography, and statistical algorithms for pattern recognition have engendered a great deal of interest in ‘proteomic profiling’ as a diagnostic tool. However, the ability of new mass spectrometers to provide unambiguous identification of low abundance proteins from mixtures as complex as human serum also provides a mechanism for the discovery and mechanistic validation of small sets of specific proteins that are amenable to more traditional formats for clinical assays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Clinical Biochemistry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - CANCER -- Diagnosis
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - Biomarkers
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Proteomics
KW  - Tumor markers
N1  - Accession Number: 13625260; Rodland, Karin D. 1; Email Address: karin.rodland@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 37 Issue 7, p579; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: CANCER -- Diagnosis; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomarkers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proteomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tumor markers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2004.05.011
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pickett, Lyle M.
AU  - Siebers, Dennis L.
T1  - Soot in diesel fuel jets: effects of ambient temperature, ambient density, and injection pressure
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 138
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
EP  - 135
SN  - 00102180
AB  - Measurements of soot distributions in fuel jets injected into high-temperature, high-pressure diesel-like operating conditions were made in an optically accessible constant-volume combustion vessel. A laser-extinction technique was used to make quantitative measurements of path-length-averaged soot volume fraction. Flame luminosity and planar laser-induced incandescence imaging were used to visualize the sooting region of the fuel jet. Flame lift-off lengths were also measured and used in the interpretation and analysis of the soot measurements. Fuel was injected with a common-rail diesel fuel injector equipped with a single 100-μm-diameter orifice. The fuel used was #2 diesel fuel. The matrix of experimental conditions included ambient gas temperatures from 850 to 1300 K, ambient gas densities from 7.3 to 30.0 kg/m3, and injection pressures from 43 to 184 MPa. The results show that peak soot level in a fuel jet increases with increasing ambient gas temperature, with the increase scaling linearly with temperature. However, near the tip of the flame, the soot levels decrease with increasing ambient temperature, indicating significantly higher soot oxidation rates in the flame-tip region at higher temperatures. The results also show that the peak soot level in a fuel jet increases with increasing ambient gas density and decreasing injection pressure. The increase with increasing ambient density is nonlinear with respect to density. The increase with decreasing injection pressure is linear with decreasing injection velocity (or the square root of the pressure drop across the injector orifice). Overall, the trends observed in diesel fuel jet soot closely correlate with the cross-sectional average equivalence ratio at the lift-off length, with soot levels decreasing as the equivalence ratio decreases (i.e., as more air entrainment and mixing of fuel and air occur upstream of the lift-off length). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIESEL fuels
KW  - FLAME
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SQUARE root
KW  - Diesel combustion
KW  - Lifted flames
KW  - Soot
KW  - Sprays
N1  - Accession Number: 13563724; Pickett, Lyle M.; Email Address: lmpicke@sandia.gov Siebers, Dennis L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 969, MS 9053, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 138 Issue 1/2, p114; Subject Term: DIESEL fuels; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SQUARE root; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diesel combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lifted flames; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sprays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.04.006
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiang, Ji
AU  - Gluckstern, Robert L.
T1  - Three-dimensional Poisson solver for a charged beam with large aspect ratio in a conducting pipe
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 160
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
EP  - 128
SN  - 00104655
AB  - In this paper, we present a three-dimensional Poisson equation solver for the electrostatic potential of a charged beam with large longitudinal to transverse aspect ratio in a straight and a bent conducting pipe with open-end boundary conditions. In this solver, we have used a Hermite–Gaussian series to represent the longitudinal spatial dependence of the charge density and the electric potential. Using the Hermite–Gaussian approximation, the original three-dimensional Poisson equation has been reduced into a group of coupled two-dimensional partial differential equations with the coupling strength proportional to the inverse square of the longitudinal-to-transverse aspect ratio. For a large aspect ratio, the coupling is weak. These two-dimensional partial differential equations can be solved independently using an iterative approach. The iterations converge quickly due to the large aspect ratio of the beam. For a transverse round conducting pipe, the two-dimensional Poisson equation is solved using a Bessel function approximation and a Fourier function approximation. The three-dimensional Poisson solver can have important applications in the study of the space-charge effects in the high intensity proton storage ring accelerator or induction linear accelerator for heavy ion fusion where the ratio of bunch length to the transverse size is large. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POISSON'S equation
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - PIPE
KW  - Hermite–Gaussian approximation
KW  - Large aspect ratio
KW  - Open boundary conditions
KW  - Poisson solver
N1  - Accession Number: 13388951; Qiang, Ji 1; Email Address: jqiang@lbl.gov Gluckstern, Robert L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: University of Maryland, College-Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 160 Issue 2, p120; Subject Term: POISSON'S equation; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: PIPE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hermite–Gaussian approximation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large aspect ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Open boundary conditions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poisson solver; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326122 Plastics Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.03.002
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mason, D.R.
AU  - Rudd, R.E.
AU  - Sutton, A.P.
T1  - Stochastic kinetic Monte Carlo algorithms for long-range Hamiltonians
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 160
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
EP  - 157
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We present a higher order kinetic Monte Carlo methodology suitable to model the evolution of systems in which the transition rates are non-trivial to calculate or in which Monte Carlo moves are likely to be non-productive flicker events. The second order residence time algorithm first introduced by Athènes et al. [Phil. Mag. A 76 (1997) 565] is rederived from the <f>n</f>-fold way algorithm of Bortz et al. [J. Comput. Phys. 17 (1975) 10] as a fully stochastic algorithm. The second order algorithm can be dynamically called when necessary to eliminate unproductive flickering between a metastable state and its neighbours. An algorithm combining elements of the first order and second order methods is shown to be more efficient, in terms of the number of rate calculations, than the first order or second order methods alone while remaining statistically identical. This efficiency is of prime importance when dealing with computationally expensive rate functions such as those arising from long-range Hamiltonians. Our algorithm has been developed for use when considering simulations of vacancy diffusion under the influence of elastic stress fields. We demonstrate the improved efficiency of the method over that of the <f>n</f>-fold way in simulations of vacancy diffusion in alloys. Our algorithm is seen to be an order of magnitude more efficient than the <f>n</f>-fold way in these simulations. We show that when magnesium is added to an Al-2at.%Cu alloy, this has the effect of trapping vacancies. When trapping occurs, we see that our algorithm performs thousands of events for each rate calculation performed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Kinetic Monte Carlo
KW  - Residence time
KW  - Vacancies
KW  - Vacancy diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 13388953; Mason, D.R. 1 Rudd, R.E. 2; Email Address: robert.rudd@llnl.gov Sutton, A.P. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Oxford University, OX1 3PH, UK  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., L-045, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Computational Engineering, PO Box 9203, FIN 02015 ESPOO, Finland; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 160 Issue 2, p140; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetic Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residence time; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vacancies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vacancy diffusion; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.04.002
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Chant, L.J.
T1  - An analytical solution for unconfined, unsteady, inviscid jets; with applications to penetration problem debris cloud formation
JO  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
JF  - Computers & Mathematics with Applications
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 48
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 213
SN  - 08981221
AB  - Abstract: Here we derive a closed form analytical solution for an unsteady inviscid jet using linearized, acceleration potential theory and classical analytical methods. Use is made of both the Laplace transformation and reduction to a self-similar form to solve the associated governing equations. The convolution theorem provides a closed form mapping from the transformed plane to the real plane. The streamwise diffusion term, e.g., χχ is shown to be second order and is neglected. This analytical model is used to estimate the debris cloud geometry and velocity field as a function of location and time. Though formal solutions of the potential equation yield good results for debris cloud expansion near the initial impact point, χ ≪ 1, the debris cloud expansion front behavior is not recovered. The steady state eigenfunction expansion solution is used to extend the unsteady solution in an approximate manner. The extended solution retains physically correct expansion behavior for χ ≪ 1 but also provides a reasonable model near the debris cloud expansion front. Since debris cloud dynamics and witness plate impact are readily obtained from experimental observations, this model provides a simple, but useful supplement to conventional hydrocode simulation of impact and penetration phenomenon. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computers & Mathematics with Applications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAPLACE transformation
KW  - OPERATIONAL calculus
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Analytical model
KW  - Debris cloud formation
KW  - Laplace transform
KW  - Similarity solution
N1  - Accession Number: 15446936; De Chant, L.J. 1; Email Address: ljdecha@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Thermal and Reactive Processes Department Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 09116, U.S.A.; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 48 Issue 1/2, p201; Subject Term: LAPLACE transformation; Subject Term: OPERATIONAL calculus; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Debris cloud formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: Similarity solution; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.camwa.2003.05.009
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stock, S. R.
AU  - Ignatiev, K.
AU  - Lee, P. L.
AU  - Abbott, K.
AU  - Pachman, L. M.
T1  - Pathological Calcification in Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM): MicroCT and Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Reveal Hydroxyapatite with Varied Microstructures.
JO  - Connective Tissue Research
JF  - Connective Tissue Research
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 248
EP  - 256
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 03008207
AB  - The objective of this study was to begin to relate the microstructure of calcinosis samples to clinical and laboratory characteristics of the juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) patients. Laboratory x-ray microCT (micro-Computed Tomography) noninvasively mapped microstructure for the first time in JDM calcifications. Synchrotron x-ray diffraction (transmission geometry) identified the mineral phase and crystallite size in the deposits. Samples were obtained from four children who had active JDM longer than 80 months and who were typed for TNFα-308 allele polymorphisms. Uniform mineral (giving the appearance of an extruded solid) was observed in one patient, and irregular blocks of differing sizes filled the samples from two other patients. The sample from the fourth patient appeared to combine features of the other two types. These spatial distributions of mineral were quite different from those in a bone reference sample. The only mineral observed in the JDM samples was hydroxyapatite (HAP), and the diffraction peaks of the JDM samples were slightly narrower than those of a trabecular bone reference sample. Diffraction peak widths of the JDM specimens revealed crystallite sizes (&nvsim;220–240Åa) that are comparable to values reported in the literature for bone. Three children were positive for TNFα-308 GA polymorphism. The data suggest several possible origins for blocky vs. uniform structure of the JDM calcifications, including differences in duration of untreated inflammation, in TNFα-308 polymorphism, and in mechanical constraint at the calcification site. Information from additional samples is required to determine the relative role of each of these factors. Taken together, non-invasive microCT and x-ray diffraction characterization on the same samples offer an informative window into the dystrophic mineralization process in JDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Connective Tissue Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIFICATION
KW  - DERMATOMYOSITIS
KW  - HYDROXYAPATITE
KW  - MINERALS in the body
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Calcinosis
KW  - Hydroxyapatite
KW  - Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM)
KW  - MicroCT
KW  - X-Ray Diffraction
KW  - X-Ray Diffraction.
N1  - Accession Number: 15963192; Stock, S. R. 1; Email Address: s-stock@northwestern.edu Ignatiev, K. 1 Lee, P. L. 2 Abbott, K. 3 Pachman, L. M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Bioengineering and Nanoscience in Advanced Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA  2: XOR, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA  3: Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA  4: Children's Memorial Institute for Education and Research, Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 45 Issue 4/5, p248; Subject Term: CALCIFICATION; Subject Term: DERMATOMYOSITIS; Subject Term: HYDROXYAPATITE; Subject Term: MINERALS in the body; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcinosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroxyapatite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM); Author-Supplied Keyword: MicroCT; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-Ray Diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-Ray Diffraction.; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/03008200490903066
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klouček, Petr
AU  - Reynolds, Daniel R.
AU  - Seidman, Thomas I.
T1  - Computational modeling of vibration damping in SMA wires.
JO  - Continuum Mechanics & Thermodynamics
JF  - Continuum Mechanics & Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
EP  - 514
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09351175
AB  - Through a mathematical and computation model of the physical behavior of shape memory alloy wires, this study shows that localized heating and cooling of such materials provide an effective means of damping vibrational energy. The thermally induced pseudo-elastic behavior of a shape memory wire is modeled using a continuum thermodynamic model and solved computationally as described by the authors in {23}.Computational experiments confirm that up to 80% of an initial shock of vibrational energy can be eliminated at the onset of a thermally-induced phase transformation through the use of spatially-distributed transformation region along the length of a memory alloy wire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Continuum Mechanics & Thermodynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIRE
KW  - SHAPE memory alloys
KW  - HEATING
KW  - COOLING
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - DAMPING (Mechanics)
KW  - active vibration damping
KW  - nonlinear partial differential equations
KW  - shape memory alloys
KW  - thermodynamic control
N1  - Accession Number: 13719604; Klouček, Petr 1; Email Address: kloucek@rice.edu Reynolds, Daniel R. 2 Seidman, Thomas I. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA  2: Center for Applied Scientific, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-551, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p495; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: SHAPE memory alloys; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DAMPING (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: active vibration damping; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear partial differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: shape memory alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermodynamic control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. Frank, Arthur
AU  - Kopidakis, Nikos
AU  - Lagemaat, Jao van de
T1  - Electrons in nanostructured TiO2 solar cells: transport, recombination and photovoltaic properties
JO  - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
JF  - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 248
IS  - 13/14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1165
EP  - 1179
SN  - 00108545
AB  - This review highlights several significant advancements in understanding of electron transport and recombination in dye-sensitized nanostructured TiO2 solar cells and the limitations that these processes impose on cell performance. The influences of the electrolyte composition, network morphology, defect structure, and light intensity on the electron transport dynamics are evaluated. Also assessed are evidences for and implications of the large, spatially distributed nanoparticle–electrolyte interfaces, trap-state distribution, band-edge movement, and the redox electrolyte on the recombination kinetics. The theoretical PV characteristics of a dye-sensitized solar cell are compared with those of the highest confirmed efficiency cells and the fundamental factors that limit their performance are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Coordination Chemistry Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - Dye sensitization
KW  - Grätzel cell
KW  - Photovoltaic properties
KW  - Recombination
KW  - Transport
N1  - Accession Number: 14511435; J. Frank, Arthur; Email Address: afrank@nrel.gov Kopidakis, Nikos 1 Lagemaat, Jao van de 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 50801-3393, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 248 Issue 13/14, p1165; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dye sensitization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grätzel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.03.015
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregg, Brian A.
T1  - Interfacial processes in the dye-sensitized solar cell
JO  - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
JF  - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 248
IS  - 13/14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1215
EP  - 1224
SN  - 00108545
AB  - Interfacial energetics and kinetics are far more important in dye-sensitized solar cells than in conventional solar cells. The huge interfacial area of the nanoporous semiconductor device, with electrolyte permeation throughout the bulk, results in a number of unusual physical characteristics. For example: dark currents can no longer be quantitatively compared to photocurrents; both equilibrium and photoinduced electric fields are rapidly screened throughout the bulk of the cell; the energetics for the crucial processes of electron injection, charge separation and charge recombination are not fixed but depend on a number of dynamic variables; and the open circuit photovoltage is controlled by the photoinduced interfacial chemical potential gradient instead of the built-in equilibrium potential difference. Surface states induced by UV illumination can enhance the photoconversion process in contrast to their detrimental role in conventional cells. Finally, recombination rates can be substantially decreased by modifying the semiconductor/electrolyte interface, rather than by optimizing bulk properties. These effects are described and explained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Coordination Chemistry Reviews is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - Chemical potential
KW  - Dye-sensitized solar cell
KW  - Interface
KW  - Mechanism
KW  - Recombination
N1  - Accession Number: 14511438; Gregg, Brian A. 1; Email Address: brian_gregg@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 248 Issue 13/14, p1215; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dye-sensitized solar cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.02.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shi, Caijun
AU  - Spence, Roger
T1  - Designing of Cement-Based Formula for Solidification/Stabilization of Hazardous, Radioactive, and Mixed Wastes.
JO  - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 417
SN  - 10643389
AB  - Solidification/stabilization (S/S) is often used to treat waste or to remediate contaminated sites. Many people feel S/S is just a process to consolidate waste into a solid product for disposal using cementing materials. This article describes designing a cement-based formula for solidification/stabilization of wastes or contaminated soils from aspects of both the cement chemistry and the environmental chemistry. The discussion includes the following key points: (1) compatibility between cement and waste materials; (2) chemical fixation of contaminants; (3) physical encapsulation of contaminated waste and soils; (4) durability of the treated waste or soil; (5) leachability of contaminants from the treated waste or soil; and (6) cost-effectiveness of S/S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - INDUSTRIAL wastes
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13819303; Shi, Caijun 1; Email Address: cshi@cjs-technology.com Spence, Roger 2; Affiliation:  1: CJS Technology, Inc., Burlington, Ontario, Canada  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p391; Subject Term: CEMENT; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL wastes; Subject Term: COST effectiveness; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 27p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10643380490443281
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mozumder, Pallab
AU  - Marathe, Achla
T1  - Gains from an integrated market for tradable renewable energy credits
JO  - Ecological Economics
JF  - Ecological Economics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 49
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 272
SN  - 09218009
AB  - Decoupling the environmental attributes of renewable energy (RE) generation from the physical unit of energy is an innovative mechanism for marketing green or renewable power. The introduction of ‘Tradable Renewable Energy Credits’ (TRECs) allows the green power attributes of energy to be sold or traded separately from the physical unit of energy. Since the green power certificate system removes potential locational and physical bottlenecks, both suppliers and consumers gain flexibility in the marketplace. The TREC is also an efficient tool to meet ‘Renewable Portfolio Standard’ (RPS) required by different states in the US. This paper discusses the RPS requirements for different states and examines the implications of an integrated TREC market. It offers a competitive setting to the consumers to pay for renewable energy and a cost effective tool to support renewable energy generation [Grace and Wiser, 2002]. This paper also highlights some practical difficulties that should be addressed in order to establish an efficient integrated TREC market. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Renewable natural resources
KW  - Consumers
KW  - Renewable energy (RE)
KW  - Renewable portfolio standard (RPS)
KW  - Tradable renewable energy credit (TREC)
N1  - Accession Number: 13956089; Mozumder, Pallab 1; Email Address: pallab@unm.edu; Marathe, Achla 2; Email Address: achla@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Computer and Computational Science (CCS-3), MS B265, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 49 Issue 3, p259; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Thesaurus Term: Cost effectiveness; Thesaurus Term: Renewable natural resources; Subject Term: Consumers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable energy (RE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable portfolio standard (RPS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Tradable renewable energy credit (TREC); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.01.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gillooly, James F.
AU  - Brown, James H.
AU  - Allen, Andrew P.
AU  - Savage, Van M.
AU  - West, Geoffrey B.
T1  - TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY.
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1771
EP  - 1789
SN  - 00129658
AB  - Metabolism provides a basis for using first principles of physics, chemistry, and biology to link the biology of individual organisms to the ecology of populations, communities, and ecosystems. Metabolic rate, the rate at which organisms take up, transform, and expend energy and materials, is the most fundamental biological rate. We have developed a quantitative theory for how metabolic rate varies with body size and temperature. Metabolic theory predicts how metabolic rate, by setting the rates of resource uptake from the environment and resource allocation to survival, growth, and reproduction, controls ecological processes at all levels of organization from individuals to the biosphere. Examples include: (1) life history attributes, including development rate, mortality rate, age at maturity, life span, and population growth rate; (2) population interactions, including carrying capacity, rates of competition and predation, and patterns of species diversity; and (3) ecosystem processes, including rates of biomass production and respiration and patterns of trophic dynamics. Data compiled from the ecological literature strongly support the theoretical predictions. Eventually, metabolic theory may provide a conceptual foundation for much of ecology, just as genetic theory provides a foundation for much of evolutionary biology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Life sciences
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Social indicators
KW  - Body size
KW  - allometry
KW  - biogeochemical cycles
KW  - body size
KW  - development
KW  - ecological interactions
KW  - ecological theory
KW  - metabolism
KW  - population growth
KW  - production
KW  - stoichiometry
KW  - temperature
KW  - trophic dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14197075; Gillooly, James F. 1; Brown, James H. 1,2,3; Email Address: jhbrown@unm.edu; Allen, Andrew P. 1; Savage, Van M. 2,3; West, Geoffrey B. 2,3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131 USA.; 2: Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 USA.; 3: Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 7, p1771; Thesaurus Term: Life sciences; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Physiology; Subject Term: Metabolism; Subject Term: Social indicators; Subject Term: Body size; Author-Supplied Keyword: allometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogeochemical cycles; Author-Supplied Keyword: body size; Author-Supplied Keyword: development; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: population growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: production; Author-Supplied Keyword: stoichiometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: trophic dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, James H.
AU  - Gillooly, James F.
AU  - Allen, Andrew P.
AU  - Savage, Van M.
AU  - West, Geoffrey B.
T1  - RESPONSE TO FORUM COMMENTARY ON "TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY".
JO  - Ecology
JF  - Ecology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1818
EP  - 1821
SN  - 00129658
AB  - The Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE) offers mechanistic explanations for linking many ecological patterns and processes to biological, physical, and chemical constraints on individual organisms. MTE suggests that underlying the diversity of living things and the complexity of ecological systems are fundamental unities, some of which reflect how first principles of biology, physics, and chemistry govern the fluxes and pools of energy and materials within organisms and between organisms and their environments. The values of the allometric exponents for whole-organism metabolic rate and other biological rates and times are ultimately empirical questions. These questions have intrigued biologists for about 70 years. It is problematic to claim a definitive value based on analyses of existing data on mammalian and avian basal metabolic rates. The values of the allometric exponents for whole-organism metabolic rate and other biological rates and times are ultimately empirical questions.
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Biodiversity
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Naturalists
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Metabolism
N1  - Accession Number: 14197087; Brown, James H. 1,2; Gillooly, James F. 1; Allen, Andrew P. 1; Savage, Van M. 2,3; West, Geoffrey B. 2,3; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 USA.; 2: Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 USA.; 3: Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 7, p1818; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Biodiversity; Thesaurus Term: Physiology; Thesaurus Term: Naturalists; Thesaurus Term: Habitat (Ecology); Subject Term: Metabolism; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
AU  - Castillo-Chavez, Carlos
AU  - Fenimore, Paul W.
AU  - Kribs-Zaleta, Christopher M.
AU  - Arriola, Leon
AU  - Hyman, James M.
T1  - Model Parameters and Outbreak Control for SARS.
JO  - Emerging Infectious Diseases
JF  - Emerging Infectious Diseases
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 10
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1258
EP  - 1263
PB  - Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
SN  - 10806040
AB  - Control of the 2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak was based on rapid diagnosis coupled with effective patient isolation. We used uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the basic reproductive number R0 to assess the role that model parameters play in outbreak control. The transmission rate and isolation effectiveness have the largest fractional effect on R0. We estimated the distribution of the reproductive number R0 under perfect isolation conditions. The distribution lies in the interquartile range 0.19-1.08, with a median of 0.49. Even though the median of R0 is <1, we found that 25% of our R0 distribution lies at R0 > 1, even with perfect isolation. This implies the need to simultaneously apply more than one method of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Emerging Infectious Diseases is the property of Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SARS (Disease)
KW  - Communicable diseases -- Prevention
KW  - Epidemics
KW  - Communicable diseases -- Transmission
KW  - Disease management
N1  - Accession Number: 13737073; Chowell, Gerardo 1,2; Email Address: gc82@cornell.edu; Castillo-Chavez, Carlos 3; Fenimore, Paul W. 1; Kribs-Zaleta, Christopher M. 4; Arriola, Leon 1; Hyman, James M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; 2: Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA; 3: Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA; 4: University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 10 Issue 7, p1258; Thesaurus Term: SARS (Disease); Thesaurus Term: Communicable diseases -- Prevention; Thesaurus Term: Epidemics; Thesaurus Term: Communicable diseases -- Transmission; Thesaurus Term: Disease management; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oldenburg, C.M.
AU  - Stevens, S.H.
AU  - Benson, S.M.
T1  - Economic feasibility of carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR)
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1413
EP  - 1422
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Prior reservoir simulation and laboratory studies have suggested that injecting carbon dioxide into mature natural gas reservoirs for carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR) is technically feasible. Reservoir simulations show that the high density of carbon dioxide can be exploited to favor displacement of methane with limited gas mixing by injecting carbon dioxide in low regions of a reservoir while producing from higher regions in the reservoir. Economic sensitivity analysis of a prototypical CSEGR application at a large depleting gas field in California shows that the largest expense will be for carbon dioxide capture, purification, compression, and transport to the field. Other incremental costs for CSEGR include: (1) new or reconditioned wells for carbon dioxide injection, methane production, and monitoring; (2) carbon dioxide distribution within the field; and, (3) separation facilities to handle eventual carbon dioxide contamination of the methane. Economic feasibility is most sensitive to wellhead methane price, carbon dioxide supply costs, and the ratio of carbon dioxide injected to incremental methane produced. Our analysis suggests that CSEGR may be economically feasible at carbon dioxide supply costs of up to US$ 4–12/t (US$ 0.20–0.63/Mcf). Although this analysis is based on a particular gas field, the approach is general and can be applied to other gas fields. This economic analysis, along with reservoir simulation and laboratory studies that suggest the technical feasibility of CSEGR, demonstrates that CSEGR can be feasible and that a field pilot study of the process should be undertaken to test the concept further. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS reservoirs
KW  - CARBON sequestration
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - NATURAL gas
N1  - Accession Number: 13289975; Oldenburg, C.M. 1; Email Address: cmoldenburg@lbl.gov Stevens, S.H. 2; Email Address: sstevens@adv-res.com Benson, S.M. 1; Email Address: smbenson@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division 90-1116, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Advanced Resources International, Inc., 4501 Fairfax Drive, Suite 910, Arlington, VA 22203-1661, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 29 Issue 9/10, p1413; Subject Term: GAS reservoirs; Subject Term: CARBON sequestration; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: NATURAL gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.075
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - García, Julio
AU  - Kovscek, Tony
AU  - Oldenburg, Curt
AU  - Rutqvist, Jonny
AU  - Steefel, Carl
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
T1  - Code intercomparison builds confidence in numerical simulation models for geologic disposal of CO2
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1431
EP  - 1444
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Numerical simulators were exercised on a suite of test problems for CO2 disposal in saline aquifers and depleting oil and gas reservoirs. Intercomparison of results reveals broad agreement in most areas, but also points out sensitivities to fluid properties and discretization approaches that need further study. Currently available simulation codes were shown capable of modeling the complex phenomena accompanying geologic storage of CO2 in a robust manner, and with quantitatively similar results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - GAS reservoirs
KW  - OIL fields
KW  - CARBON dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 13289977; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: k_pruess@lbl.gov García, Julio 1 Kovscek, Tony 2 Oldenburg, Curt 1 Rutqvist, Jonny 1 Steefel, Carl 3 Xu, Tianfu 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Mail Stop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Petroleum Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 29 Issue 9/10, p1431; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: GAS reservoirs; Subject Term: OIL fields; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237120 Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.077
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edmonds, James A.
AU  - Clarke, John
AU  - Dooley, James
AU  - Kim, Son H.
AU  - Smith, Steven J.
T1  - Modeling greenhouse gas energy technology responses to climate change
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1529
EP  - 1536
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Models of the global energy system can help shed light on the competition and complementarities among technologies and energy systems both in the presence and absence of actions to affect the concentration of greenhouse gases. This paper explores the role of modeling in the analysis of technology deployment in addressing climate change. It examines the competition among technologies in a variety of markets, and explores conditions under which new markets, such as for hydrogen and carbon disposal, or modern commercial biomass, could emerge. Carbon capture and disposal technologies are shown to have the potential to play a central role in controlling the cost of stabilizing the concentration of greenhouse gases, the goal of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - GASES
KW  - BIOMASS
N1  - Accession Number: 13289986; Edmonds, James A.; Email Address: jae@pnl.gov Clarke, John 1 Dooley, James 1 Kim, Son H. 1 Smith, Steven J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 29 Issue 9/10, p1529; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.057
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dahowski, R.T.
AU  - Dooley, J.J.
T1  - Carbon management strategies for US electricity generation capacity: A vintage-based approach
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1589
EP  - 1598
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Utilities are under increasing pressure to reduce power plant CO2 emissions. If the US and world follow through on their long-term commitment to dramatically reduce emissions, this pressure will become significant over the coming decades. It is in the face of these concerns that the future of US fossil-fired power plants is examined. There are over 1337 operational fossil-fired power generating units of at least 100 MW in capacity that began operating between the early 1940s and today in the continental US. Together these units provide some 453 GW of electric power. Rapidly retiring this still valuable capital stock or undertaking large-scale immediate redevelopment with advanced power cycles as a means of addressing their greenhouse gas emissions will not be a sensible option for all of these units. Considering a conservative 40-year operating life, there are over 667 existing fossil-fired power plants, representing a capacity of over 291 GW, that have at least a decade’s worth of productive life remaining. Applying Battelle’s specialized analysis tools, relationships between these 667 plants and their technology type, location, emissions, and vintage have been explored. Based on these factors and the proximity of these plants to geologic reservoirs with potential for sequestering large volumes of CO2, the average costs for retrofitting these newer-vintage plants with capture technology and sequestering their CO2 into such reservoirs are presented. A discussion of a set of planned US fossil-fired power projects within the context of a carbon-constrained world is also included. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - ELECTRIC power production
N1  - Accession Number: 13289992; Dahowski, R.T. 1; Email Address: bob.dahowski@pnl.gov Dooley, J.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Science and Technology Directorate, Battelle—Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K6-10, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Joint Global Change Research Institute, Battelle—Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 29 Issue 9/10, p1589; Subject Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13289992&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marland, G.
AU  - Garten Jr., C.T.
AU  - Post, W.M.
AU  - West, T.O.
T1  - Studies on enhancing carbon sequestration in soils
JO  - Energy
JF  - Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1643
EP  - 1650
SN  - 03605442
AB  - Studies of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in ecosystems are leading to an understanding of the factors and mechanisms that affect the inputs to and outputs from soils and how these might be manipulated to enhance C sequestration. Both the quantity and the quality of soil C inputs influence C storage and the potential for C sequestration. Changes in tillage intensity and crop rotations can also affect C sequestration by changing the soil physical and biological conditions and by changing the amounts and types of organic inputs to the soil. Analyses of changes in soil C and N balances are being supplemented with studies of the management practices needed to manage soil carbon and the implications for fossil-fuel use, emission of other greenhouse gases (such as N2O and CH4), and impacts on agricultural productivity. The Consortium for Research on Enhancing Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems (CSiTE) was created in 1999 to perform fundamental research that will lead to methods to enhance C sequestration as one component of a C management strategy. Research to date at one member of this consortium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, has focused on C sequestration in soils and we begin here to draw together some of the results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - CARBON sequestration
KW  - CARBON in soils
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 13289997; Marland, G.; Email Address: gum@ornl.gov Garten Jr., C.T. 1 Post, W.M. 1 West, T.O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 29 Issue 9/10, p1643; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: CARBON sequestration; Subject Term: CARBON in soils; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13289997&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soong, Y.
AU  - Goodman, A.L.
AU  - McCarthy-Jones, J.R.
AU  - Baltrus, J.P.
T1  - Experimental and simulation studies on mineral trapping of CO2 with brine
JO  - Energy Conversion & Management
JF  - Energy Conversion & Management
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1845
SN  - 01968904
AB  - The reaction of carbon dioxide (CO2) with brine samples collected from the Oriskany Formation in Indiana County, PA, was investigated in an autoclave reactor under various conditions. A geochemical code, PHREEQC, was used as to simulate the reaction in the autoclave reactor. The combined experimental and modeling data suggests that pH (pH > 9) plays a key role in the formation of carbonate minerals. The effects of temperature and CO2 pressure have a lesser impact on the formation of carbonate minerals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Conversion & Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbonates
KW  - Autoclaves
KW  - Salt
KW  - Brine
KW  - Mineral trapping
N1  - Accession Number: 12500673; Soong, Y.; Email Address: soong@netl.doe.gov; Goodman, A.L. 1; McCarthy-Jones, J.R. 1; Baltrus, J.P. 1; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 0940, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 45 Issue 11/12, p1845; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Carbonates; Thesaurus Term: Autoclaves; Subject Term: Salt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral trapping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332420 Metal Tank (Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.enconman.2003.09.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edmonds, Jae
AU  - Clarke, John
AU  - Dooley, James
AU  - Kim, Son H.
AU  - Smith, Steven J.
T1  - Stabilization of CO2 in a B2 world: insights on the roles of carbon capture and disposal, hydrogen, and transportation technologies
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 537
SN  - 01409883
AB  - We examine the potential role of several energy technologies, including carbon capture and dispose (CC and D), hydrogen and advanced transportation systems, on the cost of stabilizing CO2 concentrations. While not currently deployed at scale, CC and D, hydrogen energy systems, and biotechnology have the potential to be major components of the global energy system by the middle of the 21st century. Other technologies, such as renewables, nuclear power and energy efficiency also play critical roles in addressing climate change. The development of advanced technologies in the absence of limitations on the concentration of carbon dioxide need not lead to CO2 stabilization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Biotechnology
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Acclimatization
KW  - Climate Change
KW  - Greenhouse
KW  - Integrated assessment
KW  - Q40
KW  - Technology
KW  - Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14373966; Edmonds, Jae; Email Address: jae@pnl.gov; Clarke, John 1; Dooley, James 1; Kim, Son H. 1; Smith, Steven J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740-2496, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p517; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Biotechnology; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Acclimatization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate Change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Integrated assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Q40; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sands, Ronald D.
T1  - Dynamics of carbon abatement in the Second Generation Model
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 721
EP  - 738
SN  - 01409883
AB  - The Second Generation Model (SGM) is a collection of computable-general-equilibrium models developed for analysis of policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Behavior of the Second Generation Model, with respect to changes in carbon prices, can be summarized using marginal abatement cost curves. Marginal abatement costs vary over time, as capital stocks adjust to a new set of prices, and across countries, depending in part on the mix of fuels in the existing energy system. This paper documents the production structure in SGM, marginal abatement cost curves derived from SGM with constant-carbon-price experiments, an application to several Energy Modeling Forum scenarios, and a methodology for including carbon capture and disposal in SGM. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Climate policy analysis
KW  - General equilibrium modeling
KW  - Q40
N1  - Accession Number: 14373977; Sands, Ronald D. 1; Email Address: Ronald.Sands@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Joint Global Change Research Institute Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p721; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate policy analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: General equilibrium modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Q40; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14373977&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, Donald
AU  - Laitner, John A. “Skip”
T1  - An integrated analysis of policies that increase investments in advanced energy-efficient/low-carbon technologies
JO  - Energy Economics
JF  - Energy Economics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 739
EP  - 755
SN  - 01409883
AB  - A new analysis by the EPA Office of Atmospheric Programs and the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), using the All Modular Industry Growth Assessment (AMIGA) system, indicates that a technology-led investment strategy, can secure substantial domestic reductions of carbon emissions at a net positive impact on the U.S. economy. However, a moderate energy policy, even supported by a carbon charge ranging from US$48 to US$93 per metric ton, is insufficient to reach the so-called Kyoto targets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Economics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Investments
KW  - AMIGA
KW  - Climate policy
KW  - Technology
N1  - Accession Number: 14373978; Hanson, Donald 1; Laitner, John A. “Skip” 2; Email Address: laitner.skip@epa.gov; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, France; 2: EPA Office of Atmospheric Programs, Senior Economist for Tech. Policy, Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Mail Stop 6201-J, Washington, DC 20460, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p739; Thesaurus Term: Energy policy; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Subject Term: Investments; Author-Supplied Keyword: AMIGA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523930 Investment Advice; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523999 Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14373978&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kline, Keith L.
T1  - KEEPING FAITH WITH NATURE: ECOSYSTEMS, DEMOCRACY, AND AMERICA'S PUBLIC LANDS (Book).
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 46
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 44
EP  - 45
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - Reviews the book 'Keeping Faith with Nature: Ecosystems, Democracy, and America's Public Lands' by Robert B. Keiter.
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KEITER, Robert B.
KW  - KEEPING Faith With Nature: Ecosystems, Democracy & America's Public Lands (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13715237; Kline, Keith L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 46 Issue 6, p44; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: KEEPING Faith With Nature: Ecosystems, Democracy & America's Public Lands (Book); People: KEITER, Robert B.; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 322
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Criss, Robert E.
AU  - Davisson, M. Lee
T1  - Fertilizers, Water Quality, and Human Health.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 112
IS  - 10
M3  - Editorial
SP  - A536
EP  - A536
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 00916765
AB  - Editorial. Comments on the nitrate contamination of surface water and groundwater in the U.S. Excess nitrates produced by fertilizer use; Effect of nitrates on water quality; Evidence of excess nitrates becoming nonpoint source pollution.
KW  - Nitrates -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Nonpoint source pollution
KW  - Groundwater -- Pollution
KW  - Water quality
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 13819111; Criss, Robert E. 1; Email Address: criss@wustl.edu; Davisson, M. Lee 2; Affiliations: 1: Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 112 Issue 10, pA536; Thesaurus Term: Nitrates -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Nonpoint source pollution; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater -- Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Water quality; Subject: United States; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Renyou
AU  - Diwekar, Urmila
AU  - Padró, Catherine E. Grégoire
T1  - Efficient Sampling Techniques for Uncertainties in Risk Analysis.
JO  - Environmental Progress
JF  - Environmental Progress
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - 157
SN  - 02784491
AB  - Presents new sampling technique based on Quasi-Monte Carlo sequences and Latin hypercube sampling. Technique for uncertainties in risk analysis; Efficiency of the sampling technique; Identification of potential health effects associated with exposure to hazardous materials.
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Hazardous substance exposure
KW  - Sampling (Process)
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Hypercube
N1  - Accession Number: 13877891; Wang, Renyou 1; Diwekar, Urmila 1; Email Address: urmila@uic.edu; Padró, Catherine E. Grégoire 2; Affiliations: 1: Center for Uncertain Systems, Tools for Optimization and Management, (CUSTOM), Department of Chemical Engineering, and Institute for Environmental Science and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607; 2: Hydrogen Systems, MST-11, MS D429, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p141; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Hazardous substance exposure; Subject Term: Sampling (Process); Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Hypercube; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peräjärvi, K.
AU  - Cerny, J.
AU  - Fraile, L. M.
AU  - Jokinen, A.
AU  - Kankainen, A.
AU  - Köster, U.
AU  - Äystö, J.
T1  - The beta-decay scheme of 232Fr and the K = 0 ground-state band in 232Ra.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 10
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The beta-decay of 232Fr to excited states in 232Ra has been studied using gamma-gamma coincidence detection combined with the isotope separator on-line technique at the ISOLDE PSB facility at CERN. Earlier findings are confirmed and three new gamma lines are reported. In addition to the beta-decay characteristics of 232Fr, the K = 0 ground-state band in 232Ra is identified. A yield survey of neutron-rich Fr isotopes, important also for the EURISOL project, is incorporated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - NUCLEAR isobars
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - ISOTOPE separation
KW  - PACKING fractions
N1  - Accession Number: 15410355; Peräjärvi, K. 1,2; Email Address: KPerajarvi@lbl.gov Cerny, J. 2 Fraile, L. M. 1 Jokinen, A. 1,3,4 Kankainen, A. 3 Köster, U. 1 Äystö, J. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: ISOLDE, CERN,, CH-1211, Genève 23, Switzerland.  2: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, Berkeley, USA.  3: Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.  4: Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014, Finland; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p7; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isobars; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: ISOTOPE separation; Subject Term: PACKING fractions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2004-10038-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Miglioranzi, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Pavel, N.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
T1  - The dependence of dijet production on photon virtuality in ep collisions at HERA.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 35
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 500
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - The dependence of dijet production on the virtuality of the exchanged photon, Q², has been studied by measuring dijet cross sections in the range 0 ...Q² < 2000 GeV² with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.6 pb-1. Dijet cross sections were measured for jets with transverse energy ETjet > 7.5 and 6.5 GeV and pseudorapidities in the photon-proton centre-of-mass frame in the range -3 <ηJet <0. The variable xγobs, a  measure of the photon momentum entering the hard process, was used to enhance the sensitivity of the measurement to the photon structure. The Q² dependence of the ratio of low- to high-xγobs events was measured. Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions were found to generally underestimate the low-xγobs contribution relative to that at high xγobs. Monte Carlo models based on leading-logarithmic parton-showers, using a partonic structure for the photon which falls smoothly with increasing Q², provide a qualitative description of the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15179814; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Loizides, J.H. 1,2 Magill, S. 1 Miglioranzi, S. 1,2 Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R. 1 Mattingly, M.C.K. 3 Pavel, N. 4 Antonioli, P. 5 Bari, G. 5 Basile, M. 5 Bellagamba, L. 5 Boscherini, D. 5 Bruni, A. 5 Bruni, G. 5 Cara Romeo, G. 5 Cifarelli, L. 5 Cindolo, F. 5; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4815, USA  2: University College London, London, UK  3: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104-0380, USA  4: Institut für Physik der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany  5: University and INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 35 Issue 4, p487; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wildung, R.E.
AU  - Li, S.W.
AU  - Murray, C.J.
AU  - Krupka, K.M.
AU  - Xie, Y.
AU  - Hess, N.J.
AU  - Roden, E.E.
T1  - Technetium reduction in sediments of a shallow aquifer exhibiting dissimilatory iron reduction potential
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 162
SN  - 01686496
AB  - Pertechnetate ion [Tc(VII)O4-] reduction rate was determined in core samples from a shallow sandy aquifer located on the US Atlantic Coastal Plain. The aquifer is generally low in dissolved O2 (<f><</f>1 mg L-1) and composed of weakly indurated late Pleistocene sediments differing markedly in physicochemical properties. Thermodynamic calculations, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and statistical analyses were used to establish the dominant reduction mechanisms, constraints on Tc solubility, and the oxidation state, and speciation of sediment reduction products. The extent of Tc(VII) reduction differed markedly between sediments (ranging from 0% to 100% after 10 days of equilibration), with low solubility Tc(IV) hydrous oxide the major solid phase reduction product. The dominant electron donor in the sediments proved to be (0.5 M HCl extractable) Fe(II). Sediment Fe(II)/Tc(VII) concentrations <f>></f>4.3 were generally sufficient for complete reduction of Tc(VII) added [1–2.5 μmol (dry wt. sediment) g-1]. At these Fe(II) concentrations, the Tc (VII) reduction rate exceeded that observed previously for Fe(II)-mediated reduction on isolated solids of geologic or biogenic origin, suggesting that sediment Fe(II) was either more reactive and/or that electron shuttles played a role in sediment Tc(VII) reduction processes. In buried peats, Fe(II) in excess did not result in complete removal of Tc from solution, perhaps because organic complexation of Tc(IV) limited formation of the Tc(IV) hydrous oxide. In some sands exhibiting Fe(II)/Tc(VII) concentrations <f><</f>1.1, there was presumptive evidence for direct enzymatic reduction of Tc(VII). Addition of organic electron donors (acetate, lactate) resulted in microbial reduction of (up to 35%) Fe(III) and corresponding increases in extractable Fe(II) in sands that exhibited lowest initial Tc(VII) reduction and highest hydraulic conductivities, suggesting that accelerated microbial reduction of Fe(III) could offer a viable means of attenuating mobile Tc(VII) in this type of sediment system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Ecology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - TECHNETIUM catalysts
KW  - HYDROUS
KW  - CAUSTOBIOLITHS
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - Iron reduction
KW  - Sediments
KW  - Technetium
N1  - Accession Number: 13471169; Wildung, R.E. 1; Email Address: r.wildung@pnl.gov Li, S.W. 1 Murray, C.J. 1 Krupka, K.M. 1 Xie, Y. 1 Hess, N.J. 1 Roden, E.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p151; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: TECHNETIUM catalysts; Subject Term: HYDROUS; Subject Term: CAUSTOBIOLITHS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioremediation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technetium; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.femsec.2003.08.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13471169&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Joomyeong
AU  - Bergmann, Anne
AU  - Lucas, Susan
AU  - Stone, Roger
AU  - Stubbs, Lisa
T1  - Lineage-specific imprinting and evolution of the zinc-finger gene ZIM2
JO  - Genomics
JF  - Genomics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 84
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 58
SN  - 08887543
AB  - We have carried out an in-depth comparative analysis of a 100-kb genomic interval containing two imprinted genes, PEG3 and ZIM2, using sequences derived from human, mouse, and cow. In all three mammals, ZIM2 is located at a similar genomic distance and in the same orientation relative to PEG3, indicating the basic structural conservation of this imprinted locus. However, several lineage-specific changes have occurred that affect the exon structure and imprinting status of ZIM2. Human ZIM2 and PEG3 share a set of 5′ exons and a common promoter, and both genes are paternally expressed. In contrast, mouse and cow Zim2 genes do not share 5′ exons with Peg3, and Zim2 employs a separate downstream promoter in both species. The imprinting status of Zim2 is also not conserved among mammals; mouse Zim2 is expressed biallelically in testis but predominantly from the maternal allele in brain, while cow Zim2 is expressed biallelically in testis. The separate transcription of Zim2 and Peg3 and the change in promoter usage and imprinting status appear to have resulted from independent insertional events that have placed unrelated genes, Zim1 and Ast1, respectively, between Zim2 and Peg3 in mouse and cow. Our results suggest that PEG3 and ZIM2 represent the two original genes at this locus and that rearrangements have occurred independently in different mammalian lineages in recent evolutionary times. Our data also suggest that exon-sharing of human PEG3 and ZIM2 was not ancestral, but may represent a fusion event joining the two neighboring genes and bringing ZIM2 under paternal expression control. These observations are striking in light of the structural and functional conservation that typifies other imprinted domains and suggest that the PEG3/ZIM2 imprinted domain may have evolved in an unusual lineage-specific pattern. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Genomics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEREDITY
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - EMBRYOLOGY
KW  - GENE expression
N1  - Accession Number: 13474833; Kim, Joomyeong 1; Email Address: kim16@llnl.gov Bergmann, Anne 1 Lucas, Susan 2 Stone, Roger 3 Stubbs, Lisa 1; Affiliation:  1: Genome Biology Division, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-441, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA  3: USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, State Spur 18D, P.O. Box 166, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 84 Issue 1, p47; Subject Term: HEREDITY; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: EMBRYOLOGY; Subject Term: GENE expression; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.02.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13474833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frank, Mark R.
AU  - Fei, Yingwei
AU  - Hu, Jingzhu
T1  - Constraining the equation of state of fluid H2O to 80 GPa using the melting curve, bulk modulus, and thermal expansivity of Ice VII
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 68
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2781
EP  - 2790
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The study presented here sought to determine the PVT properties of Ice VII at elevated temperatures and pressures up to 60 GPa using a Mao-Bell type diamond anvil cell with an external Mo-wire resistance heater. The unit cells of Ice VII and gold were monitored during the experiment with gold being used as an internal pressure calibrant. Additionally, the melting curve of Ice VII was determined to greater than 40 GPa by using the disappearance of the diffraction pattern of Ice VII to monitor melting in the system. The melting curve for Ice VII from 3 to 60 GPa was found to be accurately related by a Simon equation:  where pressure and temperature are denoted by P (GPa) and T (kelvin), respectively.These results were used further to constrain the PVT properties of fluid H2O at elevated pressures and temperatures by taking the pressure derivative of the Gibbs free energy difference between Ice VII and fluid H2O along the Ice VII melting curve. Comparison of these results suggests that the previously stated equations of state of fluid H2O overestimate the molar volume of fluid H2O at pressures greater than 20 GPa. Although the data presented in this study is not enough to provide an independent EOS for fluid H2O, future work should take account of our data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFRACTION patterns
KW  - HOLOGRAPHIC interferometry
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC potentials
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
N1  - Accession Number: 13387314; Frank, Mark R. 1,2; Email Address: mfrank@niu.edu Fei, Yingwei 1 Hu, Jingzhu 1; Affiliation:  1: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road, Washington, DC 20015, USA  2: X17C Building 725, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 68 Issue 13, p2781; Subject Term: DIFFRACTION patterns; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHIC interferometry; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC potentials; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.12.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13387314&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kukkadapu, Ravi K.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
AU  - Kennedy, David W.
T1  - Biotransformation of two-line silica-ferrihydrite by a dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacterium: formation of carbonate green rust in the presence of phosphate
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 68
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2799
EP  - 2814
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The reductive biotransformation of two Si-ferrihydrite coprecipitates (1 and 5 mole % Si) by Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32, was investigated in 1,4-piperazinediethanesulfonic acid-buffered media (pH ∼7) with lactate as the electron donor. Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate, an electron shuttle, was present in the media. Experiments were performed without and with PO43- (P) (1 to 20 mmol/L) in media containing 50 mmol/L Fe. Our objectives were to define the combined effects of SiO44- (Si) and P on the bioreducibility and biomineralization of ferrihydrites under anoxic conditions. Iron reduction was measured as a function of time, solids were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy, and aqueous solutions were analyzed for Si, P, Cl- and inorganic carbon. Both of the ferrihydrites were rapidly reduced regardless of the Si and P content. Si concentration had no effect on the reduction rate or mineralization products. Magnetite was formed in the absence of P whereas carbonate green rust GR(CO32-) ([Fe(6-x)IIFeIII<F>x</F>(OH)12]x+(CO32-)0.5x · yH2O) and vivianite [Fe3(PO4)2 · 8H2O], were formed when P was present. GR(CO32-) dominated as a mineral product in samples with <4 mmol/L P. The Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio of GR(CO32-) varied with P concentration; the ratio was 2 in 1 mmol/L P and approached 1 with 4- and 10 mmol/L P. Green rust appeared to form by solid-state transformation of ferrihydrite. Media P and Si concentration dictated the mechanism of transformation. In the 1 mole % Si coprecipitate with 1 mmol/L P, an intermediate Fe(II)/Fe(III) phase with structural Fe(II) slowly transformed to GR with time. In contrast, when ferrihydrite contained more Si (5 mole %) and/or contained higher P (4 mmol/L), sorbed Fe(II) and residual ferrihydrite together transformed to GR. Despite similar chemistries, P was shown to have a profound effect on extent of ferrihydrite reduction and biotransformations while that of Si was minimal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRUCELLA abortus
KW  - VIBRIONACEAE
KW  - ANTHRAQUINONES
KW  - MINERALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13387316; Kukkadapu, Ravi K. 1; Email Address: ravi.kukkadapu@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Fredrickson, James K. 1 Kennedy, David W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 68 Issue 13, p2799; Subject Term: BRUCELLA abortus; Subject Term: VIBRIONACEAE; Subject Term: ANTHRAQUINONES; Subject Term: MINERALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.12.024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13387316&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnard, Patrick L.
AU  - Owen, Lewis A.
AU  - Sharma, Milap C.
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
T1  - Late Quaternary (Holocene) landscape evolution of a monsoon-influenced high Himalayan valley, Gori Ganga, Nanda Devi, NE Garhwal
JO  - Geomorphology
JF  - Geomorphology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 61
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 110
SN  - 0169555X
AB  - The Garhwal Himalaya provides an excellent natural laboratory in which to examine landscape evolution in a monsoon-influenced high mountain environment. Geomorphic and sedimentological analysis and 10Be cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) surface exposure dating of moraines, fans, and river and strath terraces in the Gori Ganga Valley of Nanda Devi, NE Garhwal, indicate that fans and river terraces developed rapidly by debris flow and flood processes during periods of deglaciation. These phases of high sediment transfer occurred at ∼1–2, ∼4–5, and ∼7–8 ka. Fan incision rates, subsequent to major times of resedimentation after each glacial advance, are between ∼19 and 57 mm/year. This contrasts with bedrock incision rates, based on mid-Holocene strath terraces, of ∼5 mm/year. These rates indicate that despite episodes of rapid denudation and resedimentation linked to glacial activity in this region, the background rates of denudation are similar to those for other regions of the Himalaya, averaging several millimeters per year. Furthermore, these data show the importance of climatic controls on landscape evolution and suggest a strong monsoonal control on the dynamics of earth surface processes in this region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geomorphology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Terracing
KW  - Soil conservation
KW  - Landscapes
KW  - Geomorphology
KW  - Denudation rates
KW  - Garhwal Himalaya
KW  - Glaciation
KW  - Quaternary
KW  - Terrace and fan development
N1  - Accession Number: 13388114; Barnard, Patrick L. 1,2; Owen, Lewis A. 1; Email Address: lewis.owen@ucr.edu; Sharma, Milap C. 3; Finkel, Robert C. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0423, USA; 2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 3: Centre for the study of Regional Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 61 Issue 1/2, p91; Thesaurus Term: Terracing; Thesaurus Term: Soil conservation; Thesaurus Term: Landscapes; Thesaurus Term: Geomorphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Denudation rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Garhwal Himalaya; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glaciation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quaternary; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terrace and fan development; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2003.12.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13388114&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martínez-meyer, Enrique
AU  - Peterson, A. Townsend
AU  - Hargrove, William W.
T1  - Ecological niches as stable distributional constraints on mammal species, with implications for Pleistocene extinctions and climate change projections for biodiversity.
JO  - Global Ecology & Biogeography
JF  - Global Ecology & Biogeography
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 305
EP  - 314
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 1466822X
AB  - Theoretical work suggests that species’ ecological niches should remain relatively constant over long-term ecological time periods, but empirical tests are few. We present longitudinal studies of 23 extant mammal species, modelling ecological niches and predicting geographical distributions reciprocally between the Last Glacial Maximum and present to test this evolutionary conservatism. This study covered distributional shifts in mammal species across the lower 48 states of the United States. We used a machine-learning tool for modelling species’ ecological niches, based on known occurrences and electronic maps summarizing ecological dimensions, to assess the ability of ecological niches as modelled in one time period to predict the geographical distribution of the species in another period, and vice versa. High intertemporal predictivity between niche models and species’ occurrences indicate that niche conservatism is widespread among the taxa studied, particularly when statistical power is considered as a reason for failure of reciprocal predictions. Niche projections to the present for 8 mammal taxa that became extinct at the end of the Pleistocene generally increased in area, and thus do not support the hypothesis of niche collapse as a major driving force in their extinction. Ecological niches represent long-term stable constraints on the distributional potential of species; indeed, this study suggests that mammal species have tracked consistent climate profiles throughout the drastic climate change events that marked the end of the Pleistocene glaciations. Many current modelling efforts focusing on anticipating climate change effects on species’ potential geographical distributions will be bolstered by this result — in essence, the first longitudinal demonstration of niche conservatism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Ecology & Biogeography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICHE (Ecology)
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Climate change modelling
KW  - ecological niche
KW  - extinction
KW  - GARP
KW  - geographical distribution
KW  - mammals
KW  - North America
KW  - Pleistocene
N1  - Accession Number: 13506308; Martínez-meyer, Enrique 1; Email Address: emm@ibiologica.unam.mx Peterson, A. Townsend 2 Hargrove, William W. 3; Affiliation:  1: DepartamentodeZoología,InstitutodeBiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico  2: Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA  3: Geographic Information Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p305; Subject Term: NICHE (Ecology); Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological niche; Author-Supplied Keyword: extinction; Author-Supplied Keyword: GARP; Author-Supplied Keyword: geographical distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: mammals; Author-Supplied Keyword: North America; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pleistocene; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1466-822X.2004.00107.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13506308&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butcher, Thomas
T1  - Heating with Oil--New Developments.
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 15
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Deals with the benefits of heating oil technology.  Background on the development of an oil-fired condensing warm-air furnace sponsored by the National Oilheat Research Alliance; Classification of condensing boiler designs; Details on fuel-related advancements in oil heat.  INSET: The Fate of Sulfur During Combustion.
KW  - Heating
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Technology
KW  - Boilers
KW  - Design
N1  - Accession Number: 13636476; Butcher, Thomas 1; Email Address: butcher@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Head, Energy Resources Division,  Brookhaven National Laboratory; Issue Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p12; Thesaurus Term: Heating; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Subject Term: Boilers; Subject Term: Design; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423720 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238299 All other building equipment contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abushakra, Bass
AU  - Walker, Iain S.
AU  - Sherman, Max H.
T1  - Compression Effects on Pressure Loss in Flexible HVAC Ducts.
JO  - HVAC&R Research
JF  - HVAC&R Research
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 289
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10789669
AB  - A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of compression on pressure drop in flexible, spiral wire helix core ducts used in residential and light commercial applications. Ducts of 6, 8, and 10 in. (150, 200, and 250 mm) nominal diameters were tested under different compression configurations following ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 120-1999, Methods of Testing to Determine Flow Resistance of HVAC Air Ducts and Fittings. The results showed that the available published references tend to underestimate the effects of compression. The study demonstrated that moderate compression in flexible ducts, typical of that often seen in field installations, could increase the pressure drop by a factor of four, while further compression could increase the pressure drop by factors close to ten. The results proved that the pressure drop correction factor for compressed ducts cannot be independent of the duct size, as suggested by ASHRAE Fundamentals; therefore, a new relationship was developed for better quantification of the pressure drop in flexible ducts. This study also suggests potential improvements to ASHRAE Standard 120-1999 and provides new data for duct design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of HVAC&R Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR ducts
KW  - HEATING & ventilation industry
KW  - AIR pressure -- Measurement
KW  - MATERIALS -- Compression testing
KW  - AIR flow
KW  - TESTING
KW  - ENGINEERING design
N1  - Accession Number: 13600321; Abushakra, Bass 1 Walker, Iain S. 2 Sherman, Max H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Assistant Professor, Architectural Engineering and Building Construction Department, Milwaukee School of Engineering  2: Staff Scientist, Energy Performance of Buildings Group, Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  3: Senior Staff Scientist and Group Leader, Energy Performance of Buildings Group, Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p275; Subject Term: AIR ducts; Subject Term: HEATING & ventilation industry; Subject Term: AIR pressure -- Measurement; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Compression testing; Subject Term: AIR flow; Subject Term: TESTING; Subject Term: ENGINEERING design; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Anne
T1  - Two Russian computing archives.
JO  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
JF  - IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul-Sep2004
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 62
SN  - 10586180
AB  - The Russian Academy of Sciences is supporting the opening of two computing history sites. The first, an archive in Akademgorodok, Siberia, contains the papers of Andre P. Ershov, a Soviet pioneer of information processing. The archive is sponsored in part by Microsoft Research Ltd. and has a good English-language Web page. The archive also has a well-organized physical library. The staff has digitized many of the documents held there and made them accessible remotely. The second is Yakov Fet's History of Computing in Siberia site at Novosibirsk State University.
KW  - WEBSITES
KW  - ARCHIVES
KW  - INFORMATION processing
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - SIBERIA (Russia)
KW  - RUSSIA
KW  - RUSSIAN Academy of Sciences
KW  - MICROSOFT Corp.
N1  - Accession Number: 14267853; Fitzpatrick, Anne 1; Email Address: afitzpatrick@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Source Info: Jul-Sep2004, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p62; Subject Term: WEBSITES; Subject Term: ARCHIVES; Subject Term: INFORMATION processing; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: SIBERIA (Russia); Subject Term: RUSSIA; Company/Entity: RUSSIAN Academy of Sciences DUNS Number:  Ticker:  Company/Entity: MICROSOFT Corp. DUNS Number: 081466849 Ticker: MSFT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519122 Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Mason, Jeff
T1  - Algebraic Two-Satellite TOA/FOA Position Solution on an Ellipsoidal Earth.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 40
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1087
EP  - 1092
SN  - 00189251
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about geolocation systems employing a constellation of satellite-based receivers.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
N1  - Accession Number: 15039521; Mason, Jeff 1; Email Address: jjmason@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Radar and Signal Analysis Department 2344, Sandia National  Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0519.; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p1087; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waldschmidt, Geoff
AU  - Taflove, Allen
T1  - Three-Dimensional CAD-Based Mesh Generator for the Dey -- Mittra Conformal FDTD Algorithm.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 52
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1658
EP  - 1664
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - It is well-known that the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is subject to significant errors due to the staircasing of surfaces that are not precisely aligned with major grid planes. Dey and Mittra introduced a locally conformal method (D-FDTD) that has shown substantial gains in the accuracy of modeling arbitrary surfaces in the FDTD grid. A mesh generator for this purpose was reported by Yu and Mittra. In this paper, we present the formulation and validation of an alternative CAD-based mesh generator for D-FDTD that has improved capabilities for arbitrary three-dimensional (3-D) perfect electric conductor (PEC) geometries. This mesh generator is capable of importing AutoCad and ProE files of 3-D PEC scatterers and resonators. It can reduce the required FDTD grid resolution by up to 4:1 in each Cartesian direction in 3-D relative to conventional staircased FDTD models when modeling cavity resonances of complex PEC structures such as twisted waveguides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - BUS conductors (Electricity)
KW  - Conformal method
KW  - finite-difference time-domain (FDTD)
KW  - mesh generation
N1  - Accession Number: 13913961; Waldschmidt, Geoff 1; Email Address: waldschm@aps.anl.gov Taflove, Allen 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.  2: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p1658; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: BUS conductors (Electricity); Author-Supplied Keyword: Conformal method; Author-Supplied Keyword: finite-difference time-domain (FDTD); Author-Supplied Keyword: mesh generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335315 Switchgear and switchboard, and relay and industrial control apparatus manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TAP.2004.831334
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, David H.
AU  - Berryman, James G.
T1  - Analysis of the Time-Reversal Operator for a Small Spherical Scatterer in an Electromagnetic Field.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 52
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1729
EP  - 1738
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - The time-reversal operator (TRO) for a planar array of crossed dipole elements illuminating a small conducting and/or dielectric sphere is investigated in order to determine the general properties of an electromagnetic time-reversing array system. The behavior of such a system for a given frequency is analyzed by studying the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the TRO. Each eigenvector specifies a set of complex driving currents for the array elements that produce received voltages that are proportional to the conjugates of the drive currents. The proportionality constant is equal to the square root of the associated eigenvalue and is the same for all elements. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors can be deter- mined by performing a singular value decomposition (SVD) on the multistatic data matrix of the array. The eigenvalues of the TRO are the squares of the singular values, and the eigenvectors are identical to the singular vectors. We have shown that the maximum number of singular vectors associated with the sphere is equal to the number of orthogonal orientations of the dipole moments induced in the sphere when irradiated by the array, so there is a maximum of six for a conducting sphere but only three are significant when the conductivity is small and the sphere may be considered being just a dielectric. Numerical results are presented for linear and circular arrays to show the general behavior of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - DIPOLE antennas
KW  - EIGENVECTORS
KW  - VECTOR spaces
KW  - Operator
KW  - scattering
KW  - singular value decomposition (SVD)
KW  - sphere
KW  - time-reversal
N1  - Accession Number: 13913969; Chambers, David H. 1; Email Address: chambers2@linl.gov Berryman, James G. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p1729; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: DIPOLE antennas; Subject Term: EIGENVECTORS; Subject Term: VECTOR spaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Operator; Author-Supplied Keyword: scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: singular value decomposition (SVD); Author-Supplied Keyword: sphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: time-reversal; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TAP.2004.831323
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu-Ying Chiu
AU  - Diong, Bill
AU  - Gemmen, Randall S.
T1  - An Improved Small-Signal Model of the Dynamic Behavior of PEM Fuel Cells.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 970
EP  - 977
SN  - 00939994
AB  - The dynamic behavior of a fuel cell is integral to the overall stability and performance of the power system formed by the fuel supply, fuel cell stack, power conditioner, and electrical load. Present-day fuel cells have transient (dynamic) responses that are much slower than the responses of the typical power conditioner and load to which they are attached. This disparity has significant implications on the overall power system design. In particular, some form of energy storage with adequate quick charge/discharge capability is usually needed to provide firm power backup during electrical load increases. This paper describes an effort to improve the small-signal modeling of a Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell's dynamic behavior as an initial step toward prescribing internal design modifications and/or external controller designs to improve its transient behavior. Such improvements will allow for reduced energy storage while increasing the number of suitable storage technology options. Simulation results obtained from the proposed model are presented along with corresponding test results, which show generally good agreement with each other and indicate that this model is to be preferred to another one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - PERFORMANCE
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - Dynamic response
KW  - Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells
KW  - small-signal model
N1  - Accession Number: 13964700; Lu-Ying Chiu 1; Email Address: Chiu_L_Y@yahoo.com Diong, Bill 1; Email Address: bdiong@ece.utep.edu Gemmen, Randall S. 2; Email Address: randall.gemrnen@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas, El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902 USA.  2: Combustion and Engine Dynamics Division, National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880 USA; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p970; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: PERFORMANCE; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: small-signal model; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TIA.2004.830746
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinar, Ali
AU  - Hendrickson, Bruce
T1  - Interprocessor Communication with Limited Memory.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 15
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 606
EP  - 616
SN  - 10459219
AB  - Many parallel applications require periodic redistribution of workloads and associated data. In a distributed memory computer, this redistribution can be difficult if limited memory is available for receiving messages. We propose a model for optimizing the exchange of messages under such circumstances which we call the minimum phase remapping problem. We first show that the problem is NP-Complete, and then analyze several methodologies for addressing it. First, we show how the problem can be phrased as an instance of multicommodity flow. Next, we study a continuous approximation to the problem. We show that this continuous approximation has a solution which requires at most two more phases than the optimal discrete solution, but the question of how to consistently obtain a good discrete solution from the continuous problem remains open. We also devise a simple and practical approximation algorithm for the problem with a bound of 1.5 times the optimal number of phases. We also present an empirical study of variations of our algorithms which indicate that our approaches are quite practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER storage devices
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - approximation algorithms
KW  - data migration
KW  - dynamic load balancing
KW  - Interprocessor communication
KW  - NP-completeness
KW  - scheduling
N1  - Accession Number: 13705512; Pinar, Ali 1; Email Address: apinar@lbl.gov Hendrickson, Bruce 2; Email Address: bah@cs.sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Research Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 50F, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Discrete Algorithms and Math Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1111.; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 15 Issue 7, p606; Subject Term: COMPUTER storage devices; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: approximation algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: data migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: dynamic load balancing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interprocessor communication; Author-Supplied Keyword: NP-completeness; Author-Supplied Keyword: scheduling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenberg, Harvey J.
AU  - Hart, William E.
AU  - Lancia, Giuseppe
T1  - Opportunities for Combinatorial Optimization in Computational Biology.
JO  - INFORMS Journal on Computing
JF  - INFORMS Journal on Computing
Y1  - 2004///Summer2004
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 231
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 10919856
AB  - This is a survey designed for mathematical programming people who do not know molecular biology and want to learn the kinds of combinatorial optimization problems that arise. After a brief introduction to the biology, we present optimization models pertaining to sequencing, evolutionary explanations, structure prediction, and recognition. Additional biology is given in the context of the problems, including some motivation for disease diagnosis and drug discovery. Open problems are cited with an extensive bibliography, and we offer a guide to getting started in this exciting frontier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of INFORMS Journal on Computing is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL biology
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - DYNAMIC programming
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - assembly
KW  - combinatorial optimization
KW  - computational biology
KW  - global optimization
KW  - integer programming
KW  - minimum energy
KW  - molecular structure prediction
KW  - protein alignment
KW  - protein folding
KW  - rearrangements
KW  - sequence alignment
KW  - SNP
KW  - sorting by reversals
N1  - Accession Number: 14276956; Greenberg, Harvey J. 1; Email Address: harvey.greenberg@cudenver.edu Hart, William E. 2; Email Address: wehart@sandia.gov Lancia, Giuseppe 3; Email Address: lancia@dimi.uniud.it; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics Department, University of Colorado at Denver, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, USA  2: Discrete Algorithms and Mathematics, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1110, USA  3: Departimento di Matematica e Informatica, Università di Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy; Source Info: Summer2004, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p211; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL biology; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: NONLINEAR programming; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Subject Term: DYNAMIC programming; Subject Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: combinatorial optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: global optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: integer programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: minimum energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular structure prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein folding; Author-Supplied Keyword: rearrangements; Author-Supplied Keyword: sequence alignment; Author-Supplied Keyword: SNP; Author-Supplied Keyword: sorting by reversals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yifei Zhang
AU  - Hai-Feng Ji
AU  - Snow, Dale
AU  - Sterling, Ray
AU  - Brown, Gilbert M.
T1  - A pH Sensor Based on a Microcantilever Coated with Intelligent Hydrogel.
JO  - Instrumentation Science & Technology
JF  - Instrumentation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 369
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10739149
AB  - Hydrogels that contain different amounts of amino groups were used to modify microcantilevers for the pH measurements. These microcantilevers deflected upon exposure to various pH solutions due to the swelling and shrinking of the hydrogels. The microcantilever deflection, as a function of pH, is nearly linear in a wide pH range. A significant 1000 nm/pH bending response was observed from a Gel-4 coated microcantilever, which could be used for precise pH measurements. Such hydrogel coated microcantilevers could potentially be used to prepare microcantilever chemical and biological sensors when molecular recognition agents are immobilized into the polymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Instrumentation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGELS
KW  - AMINO group
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - Hydrogel
KW  - Microcantilever
KW  - pH Sensor
N1  - Accession Number: 13749294; Yifei Zhang 1 Hai-Feng Ji 1; Email Address: hji@chem.latech.edu Snow, Dale 1 Sterling, Ray 2 Brown, Gilbert M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry/Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana, USA  2: Trenchless Center, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p361; Subject Term: HYDROGELS; Subject Term: AMINO group; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever; Author-Supplied Keyword: pH Sensor; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/CI-120037668
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Supatarawanich, V.
AU  - Johnson, D.R.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
T1  - Oxidation behavior of multiphase Mo–Si–B alloys
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 721
EP  - 725
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The oxidation behavior of multiphase Mo, Mo3Si, and Mo5SiB2 (T2) alloys was examined at 800 and 1300 °C. The alloys were cast and heat treated at 1600 °C before the cyclic oxidation tests were performed. The compositions of the alloys with Si/B ratios of 0.5, 0.71, and 1.0 were chosen near the L=(Mo)+T2 eutectic trough to produce a fine dispersion of the different phases. The multiphase alloys showed poor oxidation resistance at 800 °C while a protective glass scale formed at 1300 °C. At 800 °C the oxidation resistance improved as the volume fraction of the T2 phase increased. Conversely, at 1300 °C, the glass scaled that formed on the alloys with a Si/B ratio of 0.5 was not protective. However, a protective glass scale did form on the alloys with a higher Si/B ratio. The near eutectic alloy with a Si/B=1 was found to have the best oxidation resistance at 1300 °C. The results indicate the Mo3Si phase provides a source of silicon for controlling the composition of the glass scale at 1300 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - EUTECTICS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - GLASS
KW  - A. Multiphase intermetallics
KW  - A. Silicides, various
KW  - B. Oxidation
N1  - Accession Number: 13805215; Supatarawanich, V. 1; Email Address: supatarv@purdue.edu Johnson, D.R. 1 Liu, C.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p721; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: EUTECTICS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: GLASS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Multiphase intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Silicides, various; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Oxidation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsiung, L.M.
AU  - Schwartz, A.J.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - In situ TEM observations of interface sliding and migration in a refined lamellar TiAl alloy
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 727
EP  - 732
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The stability of lamellar interfaces in lamellar TiAl by straining at ambient temperatures has been investigated using in situ straining techniques performed in a transmission electron microscope in order to obtain direct evidence to support the previously proposed creep mechanisms in refined lamellar TiAl based upon the interface sliding in association with the cooperative motion of interfacial dislocations. The results have revealed that both sliding and migration of lamellar interfaces can take place as a result of the cooperative motion of interfacial dislocations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - TRAINING
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - A. Titanium aluminides, based on TiAl
KW  - B. Plastic deformation mechanisms
KW  - C. Powder metallurgy
KW  - D. Defects: dislocation geometry and arrangement
KW  - F. Electron microscopy, transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 13805216; Hsiung, L.M.; Email Address: hsiung1@llnl.gov Schwartz, A.J. 1 Nieh, T.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science, University of California, Directorate L-352, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p727; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: TRAINING; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Titanium aluminides, based on TiAl; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Plastic deformation mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Powder metallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Defects: dislocation geometry and arrangement; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Electron microscopy, transmission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13805216&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodge, A.M.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Evaluating abrasive wear of amorphous alloys using nanoscratch technique
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 748
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The hardness and elastic modulus of several Zr, Pd, Cu, and La-based amorphous alloys were investigated using nanoindentation. Abrasive wear of these alloys was also evaluated and compared using nanoscratch techniques under a ramping load. Damage caused by scratching was examined using SEM. Material pile-up took place in all scratched samples, but to different degrees. The scratched surface was observed to be significantly different for alloys with different compositions. A modified Archard equation was derived for the ramping load test. It was found that the wear resistance of amorphous alloys does not follow the classical Archard equation, i.e. the wear resistance is not linearly proportional to the hardness. This discrepancy was suggested to be a result of different wear mechanisms operating in different materials. The wear resistance of a Pd-based alloy was found to be independent of scratch speed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - ABRASIVES
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - HARDNESS
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - B. Tribological properties
KW  - G. Wear-resistant applications
N1  - Accession Number: 13805218; Hodge, A.M.; Email Address: hodge4@llnl.gov Nieh, T.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 880, L-350, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p741; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: ABRASIVES; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: HARDNESS; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Tribological properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: G. Wear-resistant applications; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13805218&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brady, M.P.
AU  - Tortorelli, P.F.
T1  - Alloy design of intermetallics for protective scale formation and for use as precursors for complex ceramic phase surfaces
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 779
EP  - 789
SN  - 09669795
AB  - This paper highlights some evolving new design approaches to developing intermetallic alloys capable of protective scale formation and/or for their use as precursors for functional complex ceramic phase surface synthesis. The unique characteristics of intermetallics present challenges to achieving protective scale formation, but also offer the potential for leveraging novel phenomena not generally observed in conventional alloys. Examples will be drawn from the oxidation of aluminides (Fe3Al, Nb2Al, NbAl3, Ti3Al, TiAl), silicides (MoSi2, Mo5Si3, Mo–Si–B, Ti5Si3), and Laves phases (Cr2Nb, Cr2Ta, Nb(Cr,Al)2, Ti(Cr,Al)2). Recent work also suggests that intermetallics can be used as precursors for the synthesis of functional complex ceramic phase surfaces by gas–metal reactions (oxidation, nitridation, carburization, etc.). The potential for using such reaction phenomena to synthesize layered or composite surfaces of ternary nitrides (carbides, borides, etc.) of technological interest such as Ti3AlC2, bimetallic nitride and carbide catalysts (e.g. Co3Mo3N or Co3Mo3C), and magnetic rare earth nitrides (Fe17Sm2Nx or Fe17Nd2Nx), from intermetallic precursors is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - B. Alloy design
KW  - B. Oxidation
KW  - C. Thin films
KW  - G. Catalysis
KW  - G. Magnetic applications
N1  - Accession Number: 13805223; Brady, M.P.; Email Address: bradymp@ornl.gov Tortorelli, P.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p779; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Alloy design; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: G. Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: G. Magnetic applications; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sikka, V.K.
AU  - Santella, M.L.
AU  - Angelini, P.
AU  - Mengel, J.
AU  - Petrusha, R.
AU  - Martocci, A.P.
AU  - Pankiw, R.I.
T1  - Large-scale manufacturing of nickel aluminide transfer rolls for steel austenitizing furnaces
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 837
EP  - 844
SN  - 09669795
AB  - This paper describes the first large-scale manufacturing of nickel aluminide IC-221M into roll bodies for the production of steel hardening furnace. One hundred and ten roll bodies were produced at Duraloy Technologies using the conventional foundry practice. Since it was the first manufacturing of this magnitude, foundry personnel were given special training with the melting of IC-221M by the Exo-Melt™ process and hands-on training with the welding process. Large-scale manufacturing produced 220 automated welds between nickel aluminide and H-Series trunnions, which is the largest number of welds ever produced in an intermetallic alloy. The manufacturing process for 110 rolls was completed in nearly four months and the rolls have been operating successfully in the production furnace for six months. Use of the Exo-Melt™ process for melting, automatic welding process, and successful completion of this project opens the opportunity for broader application of nickel aluminide rolls for steel hardening furnaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - STEEL
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - ELECTRIC welding -- Automation
KW  - METALWORK
KW  - A. Nickel aluminides, based on Ni3Al
KW  - C. Casting (including segregation)
KW  - C. Joining (welding, brazing, diffusion-bonding etc.)
KW  - G. Furnace furniture, including heating elements
N1  - Accession Number: 13805230; Sikka, V.K. 1; Email Address: sikkavk@ornl.gov Santella, M.L. 1 Angelini, P. 1 Mengel, J. 2 Petrusha, R. 2 Martocci, A.P. 3 Pankiw, R.I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: ISG, Burns Harbor Plate, P.O. Box 248, Chesterton, IN 46304, USA  3: ISG Research, 1170 Eighth Avenue-Room 467, Martin Tower, Bethlehem, PA 18016-7699, USA  4: Duraloy Technologies, Inc., 120 Bridge Street, Scottdale, PA 15683-0081, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p837; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: ELECTRIC welding -- Automation; Subject Term: METALWORK; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nickel aluminides, based on Ni3Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Casting (including segregation); Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Joining (welding, brazing, diffusion-bonding etc.); Author-Supplied Keyword: G. Furnace furniture, including heating elements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
AU  - Rawn, C.J.
AU  - Payzant, E.A.
AU  - Fu, C.L.
T1  - Controlling the thermal expansion anisotropy of Mo5Si3 and Ti5Si3 silicides
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 845
EP  - 850
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of the tetragonal silicides Mo5Si3 and Ti5Si3 are highly anisotropic. The CTE anisotropy values, defined as the ratio of the CTEs in the c and a directions, CTE(c)/CTE(a), are 2.0 and 2.7 for Mo5Si3 and Ti5Si3, respectively. Guided by first-principles calculations by Fu et al. (Acta Mater 51 (2003) 5033), ternary and quaternary alloying additions for reducing the anisotropy were selected. The smallest anisotropy, namely, 1.16, was found for a Mo–25Nb–12.5V–37.5Si (at.%) alloy. The experimentally determined reductions in CTE(c)/CTE(a) were not always as large as predicted because the measured site occupations of the ternary alloying elements were not as ideal as those calculated by Fu et al. Suitable alloying also reduces the CTE anisotropy of Ti5Si3, but the reduction is not nearly as large as that claimed in previous publications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - A. Silicides, various
KW  - B. Crystallography
KW  - B. Thermal properties
KW  - F. Diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13805231; Schneibel, J.H.; Email Address: schneibeljh@ornl.gov Rawn, C.J. 1 Payzant, E.A. 1 Fu, C.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p845; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Silicides, various; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Diffraction; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, J.H.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Chen, C.H.
T1  - Effect of iron additions on environmental embrittlement of NiTi-base alloys
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 859
EP  - 868
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The effect of Fe on the room-temperature environmental embrittlement of NiTi-base alloys was investigated and discussed in this paper. Tensile test data and scanning electron microscope fractography have been evaluated to show that there exists a critical Fe content in NiTi, i.e. about 9 at.%, below which no environmental embrittlement was observed and above which hydrogen from the moisture-containing test environments severely embrittled NiTi. Laser desorption mass spectrometric results indicate that the surface reaction to generate atomic hydrogen did not change much with Fe additions. Hydrogen charging experiments show that Fe additions actually reduced the hydrogen diffusivity in NiTi alloys from ∼2×10-14 m2/s for Fe-free NiTi alloy to ∼6×10-16 m2/s for NiTi alloy with 10 at.% Fe, implying that the observed ‘Fe effect’ is not due to hydrogen transport effects in the material. Careful examination of tensile properties suggests that strength level is the key factor in controlling the susceptibility to environmental embrittlement of NiTi alloys with Fe additions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - EMBRITTLEMENT
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - FRACTOGRAPHY
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - A. Intermetallics, miscellaneous
KW  - B. Environmental embrittlement
KW  - B. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 13805233; Zhu, J.H. 1; Email Address: jzhu@tntech.edu Liu, C.T. 2 Chen, C.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, TTU Box 5014, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p859; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: EMBRITTLEMENT; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: FRACTOGRAPHY; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Intermetallics, miscellaneous; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Environmental embrittlement; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.037
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13805233&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Z.P.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Li, Y.
T1  - Glass transition and crystallization of Mg–Ni–Nd metallic glasses studied by temperature-modulated DSC
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 869
EP  - 874
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Glass transition and crystallization behavior of several Mg–Ni–Nd metallic glasses has been systematically studied by temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC). The glass transition transformation of alloys Mg75Ni10Nd15 and Mg77Ni18Ni5, which cannot be detected in conventional differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) heating scans, was observed through TMDSC measurements. It was concluded that the signal of the glass transition on the DSC scans overlapped with the relatively large heat release from the primary crystallization of either intermetallic Mg3Nd phase in glassy Mg75Ni10Nd15 alloy or Mg2Ni phase in amorphous alloy Mg77Ni18Ni5. Increasing the content of Ni in alloy Mg75Ni10Nd15 can suppress the precipitation processes of Mg3Nd, and results in the appearance of glass transition transformation on DSC heating curves. This confirmed and verified our TMDSC measurements. Clear observation of glass transition and understanding of crystallization micro-mechanism in such alloys can offer us new alloying and processing strategies for the preparation of bulk glassy alloys and development of new nanocrystalline/amorphous composite materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - B. Phase identification
KW  - B. Precipitates
KW  - B. Thermal properties
KW  - B. Thermal stability
KW  - F. Calorimetry
N1  - Accession Number: 13805234; Lu, Z.P. 1; Email Address: luzp@ornl.gov Liu, C.T. 1 Li, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Department of Materials Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p869; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Phase identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Precipitates; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Calorimetry; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, G.Y.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Peter, W.H.
AU  - Yang, B.
AU  - Yokoyama, Y.
AU  - Benson, M.L.
AU  - Green, B.A.
AU  - Kirkham, M.J.
AU  - White, S.A.
AU  - Saleh, T.A.
AU  - McDaniels, R.L.
AU  - Steward, R.V.
AU  - Buchanan, R.A.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Brooks, C.R.
T1  - Fatigue behavior of bulk-metallic glasses
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 885
EP  - 892
SN  - 09669795
AB  - High-cycle fatigue (HCF) experiments were conducted on zirconium (Zr)-based bulk-metallic glasses (BMGs): Zr50Al10Cu40 and Zr50Al10Cu30Ni10, in atomic percent. The HCF tests were performed using an electrohydraulic machine at a frequency of 10 Hz, with a R ratio of 0.1, and under tension–tension loading. Note that <f>R=σmin/σmax.,</f> where <f>σmin</f> and <f>σmax</f> are the applied minimum and maximum stresses, respectively. The test environments were air and vacuum. A high-speed and high-sensitivity thermographic infrared (IR) imaging system has been used for nondestructive evaluation of temperature evolution during fatigue testing of BMGs. Limited temperature evolution was observed during fatigue. However, a sparking phenomenon was observed at the final fracture moment of Zr50Al10Cu30Ni10. The effect of chemical composition on the fatigue behavior of the Zr-based BMGs was studied. The fatigue-endurance limit of Zr50Al10Cu30Ni10 (865  MPa) is somewhat greater than that of Zr50Al10Cu40 (752 MPa) in air. The fatigue-endurance limits of these two BMGs were comparable to those of ductile crystalline alloys. The fatigue lives in vacuum and air were generally found to be comparable. The vein pattern and droplets with a melted appearance were observed in the apparent melting region. There are microcracks on the outer surface of the specimen, which could be associated with multiple fatigue crack-initiation sites. These microcracks might result from shear bands and shear-off steps. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - THERMOGRAPHY
KW  - B. Fatigue resistance and crack growth
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - F. Electron microscopy, scanning
N1  - Accession Number: 13805236; Wang, G.Y. 1; Email Address: gwang@utk.edu Liaw, P.K. 1 Peter, W.H. 1 Yang, B. 1 Yokoyama, Y. 2 Benson, M.L. 1 Green, B.A. 1 Kirkham, M.J. 1 White, S.A. 1 Saleh, T.A. 1 McDaniels, R.L. 1 Steward, R.V. 1 Buchanan, R.A. 1 Liu, C.T. 3 Brooks, C.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Materials Science and Engineering, Himeji Institute of Technology, Shosha 2167, Himeji City, Japan  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p885; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: THERMOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Fatigue resistance and crack growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Electron microscopy, scanning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, C.L.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Wang, Xun-Li
AU  - Krcmar, M.
AU  - Fernandez-Baca, J.A.
T1  - Magnetism-induced solid solution softening in NiAl with Co, Fe, Mn, and Cr solute atoms: theory and experiment
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 911
EP  - 919
SN  - 09669795
AB  - By taking the solid solution effect of Co, Fe, Mn, and Cr solutes in Ni-rich NiAl as an example, we have determined, through a combination of alloying behavior experiments, first-principles calculations, and neutron diffraction measurements, that magnetism has a profound impact on the mechanical properties of intermetallics. Co solutes do not affect the hardening behavior of NiAl alloys. Fe solutes, on the other hand, induce the most substantial and unusual solid solution softening among these solutes. These results can only be explained by the presence of magnetic interactions induced by solutes located on the Al sublattice. The predicted magnetic moment of Fe solutes was verified by neutron diffraction experiment. Our investigation points out the inadequacy of the conventionally used Goldschmidt radii in addressing the atomic size effect in intermetallics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - A. Nickel aluminides, based on NiAl
KW  - B. Solid-solution hardening
KW  - D. Site occupancy
KW  - E. Ab-initio calculations
KW  - F. Diffraction (electron, neutron and X-ray)
N1  - Accession Number: 13805240; Fu, C.L. 1; Email Address: fucl@ornl.gov Liu, C.T. 1 Wang, Xun-Li 1,2 Krcmar, M. 1 Fernandez-Baca, J.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7-9, p911; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: ATOMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nickel aluminides, based on NiAl; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Solid-solution hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Site occupancy; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Ab-initio calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Diffraction (electron, neutron and X-ray); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilkins, Mark
AU  - Landingham, Richard L.
T1  - Prologue.
JO  - International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
JF  - International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 204
SN  - 1546542X
AB  - Reports on a project funded by the Department of Advanced Research Project Agency at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (LRL) to provide a fundamental understanding of lightweight armor.  Experiments used in the LRL project; Reasons the selection of lightweight materials was always of primary importance in armor systems; Armor system identified by the LRL project.
KW  - ARMOR
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - LAWRENCE Radiation Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 20745770; Wilkins, Mark 1 Landingham, Richard L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p203; Subject Term: ARMOR; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Company/Entity: LAWRENCE Radiation Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiao, T.
AU  - Yulong Li
AU  - Ramesh, K. T.
AU  - Wereszczak, A. A.
T1  - High Rate Response and Dynamic Failure of Structural Ceramics.
JO  - International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
JF  - International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 253
SN  - 1546542X
AB  - The process of dynamic failure of four structural ceramics subjected to unconfined uniaxial dynamic compression is investigated. The four materials examined are α-SiC, AD995 Al2O3, β-Si3N4, and SiAlON. In each case, the dynamic failure process is studied through dynamic loading of cylindrical specimens within a compression Kolsky bar combined with high-speed photography. Strain rates in the range of 10³ s-1 are achieved (the corresponding loading rates are on the order of 200 MPa/µs). The dynamic failure process for all four ceramics consists of the development and propagation of axial splitting cracks followed by columnar fragmentation. Macroscopic cracks (propagating with crack velocities of several hundred meters per second) and substantial volumetric strains are observed well before the peak strength is attained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - FLASH photography
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - SPEED
N1  - Accession Number: 20745776; Jiao, T. 1 Yulong Li 1,2 Ramesh, K. T. 1 Wereszczak, A. A. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218  2: Department of Aircraft Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P.R. China  3: U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005  4: Structural Ceramics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 1 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: FLASH photography; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Subject Term: SPEED; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shen, Y.-L.
AU  - Abell, K. C. R.
AU  - Garrett, S. E.
T1  - Effects of Grain Boundary Sliding on Microstructural Evolution and Damage Accumulation in Tin-Lead Alloy.
JO  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 240
SN  - 10567895
AB  - Experiments on the eutectic tin-lead (Sn-Pb) alloys were conducted to study the effects of grain boundary sliding on the deformation and damage processes at the microscopic level. The primary objective is to gain mechanistic undersanding of solder joint reliability in microelectronic packaging. Bulk specimens were subjected to relatively fast deformations of tension, compression, and bending, for the purposes of examining the pure mechanical effect without the influence of diffusion-related phenomena. Grain realignment and phase redistribution were characterized by microscopy and microhardness indentation. A micromechanical model is proposed to elucidate the observed microstructural changes and progressive damage. This study illustrates the significance of damage in the form of microscopic heterogeneity caused by grain boundary sliding. It also illustrates the possibility of mechanically induced phase coarsening in actual solder joints. High-frequency cyclic shear tests on Sn-Pb solder joints showed damage along the coarsened band after only a short time, in accord with the proposed effects. Boundary sliding without the influence of atomic diffusion plays an essential role in fatigue damage in solder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Damage Mechanics is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - MICROELECTRONIC packaging
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - eutectic tin-lead alloy
KW  - fatigue damage
KW  - grain boundary sliding
KW  - microstructure
KW  - solder
N1  - Accession Number: 14096669; Shen, Y.-L. 1 Abell, K. C. R. 1 Garrett, S. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p225; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONIC packaging; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: eutectic tin-lead alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: fatigue damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain boundary sliding; Author-Supplied Keyword: microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: solder; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 10 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1056789504042594
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin Sun
AU  - Khaleel, Mohammad A.
T1  - Modeling of Glass Fracture Damage Using Continuum Damage Mechanics - Static Spherical Indentation.
JO  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Damage Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 285
SN  - 10567895
AB  - The response of soda-lime glass subjected to the stress field induced by the static indentation of a spherical indenter is studied using continuum damage mechanics (CDM). An anisotropic damage tensor with linear damage evolution law is chosen to model the cracking damage. An axisymmetric finite element model is generated to simulate the static indentation process. The damage pattern and zone size are predicted for both the loading cycle and the unloading cycle, and the comparison between the predictions and the experimental results reported in the open literature serves as a validation of the CDM model and the modeling procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Damage Mechanics is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTINUUM damage mechanics
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - GLASS
KW  - continuum damage mechanics
KW  - damage pattern
KW  - glass fracture damage
KW  - spherical indentation
N1  - Accession Number: 14096671; Xin Sun 1 Khaleel, Mohammad A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH 43201, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p263; Subject Term: CONTINUUM damage mechanics; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: GLASS; Author-Supplied Keyword: continuum damage mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: damage pattern; Author-Supplied Keyword: glass fracture damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: spherical indentation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 11 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1056789504042593
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geernaert, Gerald
AU  - Zlatev, Zahari
T1  - Studying the influence of biogenic emissions on AOT40 levels in Europe.
JO  - International Journal of Environment & Pollution
JF  - International Journal of Environment & Pollution
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 42
SN  - 09574352
AB  - It is well known that the uncertainties in determination of biogenic emissions are very large (some authors claim that these emissions are underestimated in certain areas of the world by up to ten times). On the other hand, anthropogenic emissions in some areas of the world have been reduced very considerably during the last two decades (this is especially true for Europe). This fact shows clearly that the importance of biogenic emissions is increasing, because the ratio of biogenic emissions to total emissions, where the total emissions are equal to the sum of biogenic and anthropogenic emissions, is increasing. It is, therefore, necessary to study carefully the sensitivity of pollution levels to variations of biogenic emissions. A long series of runs with different scenarios, in which both biogenic and anthropogenic emissions were varied, has been performed. The influence of both types of emission on AOT40 values, which have damaging effects on corns when certain critical values are exceeded, was studied. The results show clearly that biogenic emissions must also be taken into account when control strategies are developed for reducing anthropogenic emissions in order either to reduce some high pollution levels to prescribed critical levels or to keep them below the critical levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environment & Pollution is the property of Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Volatile organic compounds
KW  - Analytical chemistry
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - air pollution models
KW  - AOT40 values
KW  - biogenic emissions
KW  - ozone levels
KW  - scenarios
KW  - volatile organic compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14938566; Geernaert, Gerald 1; Email Address: geernaert@lanl.gov; Zlatev, Zahari 2; Email Address: zz@dmu.dk; Affiliations: 1: Insitute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS C-305, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: National Environmental Research Institute, Department of Atmospheric Environment, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1/2, p29; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Ozone; Thesaurus Term: Volatile organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Analytical chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Author-Supplied Keyword: air pollution models; Author-Supplied Keyword: AOT40 values; Author-Supplied Keyword: biogenic emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: ozone levels; Author-Supplied Keyword: scenarios; Author-Supplied Keyword: volatile organic compounds; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
AU  - Kruzic, J.J.
AU  - Muhlstein, C.L.
AU  - Nalla, R.K.
AU  - Stach, E.A.
T1  - Characteristic dimensions and the micro-mechanisms of fracture and fatigue in `nano' and `bio' materials.
JO  - International Journal of Fracture
JF  - International Journal of Fracture
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 128
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
SN  - 03769429
AB  - The behavior of small-volume (so-called `nano') structures, where size-scales are comparable with microstructural dimensions, and biological/bio-implantable materials, which invariably display a hierarchy of structural dimensions, is currently much in vogue in materials science. One aspect of this field, which to date has received only limited attention, is the fracture and fatigue properties of these materials. In this paper, we examine two topics in this area, namely the premature fatigue failure of silicon-based micron-scale structures for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and the fracture properties of mineralized tissue, specifically human bone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fracture is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Bone
KW  - fatigue
KW  - fracture toughness
KW  - MEMS
KW  - polysilicon
KW  - thin films
KW  - thin films.
N1  - Accession Number: 15194231; Ritchie, R.O. 1; Email Address: roritchie@lbl.gov Kruzic, J.J. 1 Muhlstein, C.L. 1 Nalla, R.K. 1 Stach, E.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 128 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bone; Author-Supplied Keyword: fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: MEMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: polysilicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin films.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, J.H.
AU  - You, S.M.
AU  - Choi, Stephen U.S.
T1  - Evaporative spray cooling of plain and microporous coated surfaces
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 47
IS  - 14-16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3307
EP  - 3315
SN  - 00179310
AB  - Experiments were performed on air and evaporative spray cooling of plain and microporous coated surfaces on flat and cylindrical heaters. Micron-size aluminum particles were used to build the microporous structures on the heated surfaces. To analyze the evaporative cooling, heat transfer curves were obtained in the form of the wall temperature difference versus heat flux. The heat transfer coefficients were also determined as a function of heat flux. Three water flow rates (1.25, 1.75 and 2.40 ml/min) were tested for the flat heater and one rate (3.0 ml/min) for the cylindrical heater, maintaining the air pressure of 7 psig (48 kPa) at the inlet of the nozzle. The effect of different particle sizes in the coating was also tested to optimize the microporous coating technique. Spraying water droplets on the microporous coating surface enhanced the heat removal due to the capillary pumping phenomenon through the microporous cavities connecting each other. The evaporative spray cooling increased the heat transfer coefficient by up to 400% relative to that of the uncoated surface cooled by dry air, and this enhancement was maintained at high heat fluxes by using microporous surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - COOLING
KW  - Evaporative spray cooling
KW  - Heat transfer enhancement
KW  - Microporous coating
KW  - Phase change
N1  - Accession Number: 13064668; Kim, J.H. 1 You, S.M. 1 Choi, Stephen U.S. 2; Email Address: choi@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, P.O. Box 19023, Arlington, TX 76019-0023, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 47 Issue 14-16, p3307; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: COOLING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaporative spray cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat transfer enhancement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microporous coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase change; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.01.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dahl, Jaimee K.
AU  - Buechler, Karen J.
AU  - Weimer, Alan W.
AU  - Lewandowski, Allan
AU  - Bingham, Carl
T1  - Solar-thermal dissociation of methane in a fluid-wall aerosol flow reactor
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 725
SN  - 03603199
AB  - A fluid-wall aerosol flow reactor has been used to thermally dissociate methane to carbon black and hydrogen. The reactor was heated to temperatures in excess of <f>2000 K</f> by concentrated sunlight. Approximately 90% conversion of methane to hydrogen has been obtained at a reactor wall temperature of <f>2133 K</f> and an average residence time of <f>0.01 s</f>. The carbon black produced by reaction is ash free, amorphous, and has primary particle sizes of 20–<f>40 nm</f>. The results of an energy balance as well as conclusions from studies designed to evaluate the effect of co-feeding carbon black particles into the reactor are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - METHANE
KW  - Aerosol reactor
KW  - Amorphous carbon black
KW  - Hydrogen production
KW  - Methane dissociation
KW  - Solar power
N1  - Accession Number: 12168677; Dahl, Jaimee K. 1 Buechler, Karen J. 1 Weimer, Alan W. 1; Email Address: alan.weimer@colorado.edu Lewandowski, Allan 2 Bingham, Carl 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, ECCH 111, Campus Box 424, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0424, USA  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 29 Issue 7, p725; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: METHANE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous carbon black; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2003.08.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Chant, Lawrence J.
T1  - An analytical solution for unsteady, inviscid jet formation due to asymmetric 2-d ring collapse
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 30
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 685
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - Here we derive a closed form analytical solution for an unsteady inviscid jet caused by the asymmetric collapse of a 2-d ring using linearized, small disturbance, velocity potential theory and classical analytical methods. Use is made of both the Laplace transformation and elementary eigenfunction expansions to solve the associated governing equations. The streamwise diffusion term, e.g. <f>φrr</f> is shown to be second order and is neglected. Jet shape that was computed using the analytical model is compared with CTH (hydrocode) simulations and limited experimental data and shown to provide reasonable agreement. Jet spreading is shown to be consistent with classical turbulent jet scaling in accordance with known shaped charge jet hydrodynamic assumptions. With confidence that the analytical solution is a viable tool we consider the numerical issues associated with rotational symmetry, the effect of boundary loading disturbance to the jet and the effect of finite arrival time detonation wave conditions. Thus we conclude that this model provides a simple, but useful supplement to conventional hydrocode simulation jetting phenomenon due to asymmetric loading of 2-d circular rings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - LAPLACE transformation
KW  - SHAPED charges
KW  - EIGENFUNCTION expansions
KW  - Analytical model
KW  - Eigenfunction expansion
KW  - Jet formation
KW  - Laplace transform
KW  - Shaped charge
N1  - Accession Number: 12836857; De Chant, Lawrence J. 1; Email Address: ljdecha@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0836, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 30 Issue 6, p685; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: LAPLACE transformation; Subject Term: SHAPED charges; Subject Term: EIGENFUNCTION expansions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eigenfunction expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jet formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laplace transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shaped charge; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0734-743X(03)00095-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taljat, B.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
T1  - Development of pile-up during spherical indentation of elastic–plastic solids
JO  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
JF  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 41
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3891
EP  - 3904
SN  - 00207683
AB  - Finite element modeling has been used to study the development of pile-up during indentation with a rigid sphere as it relates to the measurement of mechanical properties by load and depth sensing indentation. A wide range of materials with different elastic moduli, yield stresses, strain-hardening exponents, and friction coefficients were examined. Results show that during a significant portion of the spherical indentation process, the amount of pile-up cannot be related solely to the strain-hardening exponent, as is often assumed. Rather, after initially sinking-in at small depths of penetration, the pile-up for many materials evolves and increases gradually as the indenter is driven into the material. Even when deformation enters the fully developed plastic stage, the pile-up geometry continues to change in manner that can significantly affect the contact area. It is also shown that contact friction affects the pile-up geometry, and that the pile-up heights before and after the indenter is unloaded can be quite different. Implications for the measurement of mechanical properties by load and depth sensing indentation methods are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Solids & Structures is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Elastic–plastic solids
KW  - Finite element
KW  - Indentation
KW  - Spherical
N1  - Accession Number: 13177272; Taljat, B. 1,2 Pharr, G.M. 3,4; Email Address: pharr@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: STEEL Group, Via Lazio 1/B, 31045 Motta di Livenza (TV), Italy  2: Technology and Consulting Center, 1000 Litostrojska 40, Ljubljana, Slovenia  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, 434 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 41 Issue 14, p3891; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic–plastic solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.02.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoffman, Rachel C.
AU  - Laskin, Alexander
AU  - Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J.
T1  - Sodium nitrate particles: physical and chemical properties during hydration and dehydration, and implications for aged sea salt aerosols
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 869
EP  - 887
SN  - 00218502
AB  - Experiments probing the phase and behavior of <f>NaNO3</f> particles at different relative humidities, important for elucidating the role these particles play in the chemistry and radiative properties of marine regions, are presented. Changes in <f>NaNO3</f> particles during hydration were studied using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and conventional SEM coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX). Mixtures of <f>NaNO3</f> and NaCl, which are typical of partially processed sea salt particles, were also studied. Complementary studies using long path FTIR were carried out to determine the extent of water association with <f>NaNO3</f> aerosols, and for comparison, NaCl, <f>MgCl2</f>, and <f>NH4NO3</f>, as a function of relative humidity. The combination of these techniques shows that <f>NaNO3</f> particles exist as unusual metastable, amorphous solids at low relative humidity that undergo continuous hygroscopic growth with increasing relative humidity. While other evidence for this phenomenon has been reported, this is the first direct observation using ESEM. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - Amorphous
KW  - Atmospheric
KW  - ESEM
KW  - Hydration
KW  - Long path FTIR
KW  - Scanning electron microscopy
KW  - SEM/EDX
KW  - Sodium nitrate
N1  - Accession Number: 13623137; Hoffman, Rachel C. 1 Laskin, Alexander 2; Email Address: alexander.laskin@pnl.gov Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J. 1; Email Address: bjfinlay@uci.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine 92697-2025, CA, USA  2: W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p869; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric; Author-Supplied Keyword: ESEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Long path FTIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEM/EDX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium nitrate; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.02.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyer, Anne E.
AU  - Ash, Doris
AU  - Barr, Dana B.
AU  - Young, Carrie L.
AU  - Driskell, W. Jack
AU  - Whitehead Jr., Ralph D.
AU  - Ospina, Maria
AU  - Preston, Kerry E.
AU  - Woolfitt, Adrian R.
AU  - Martinez, Rodolfo A.
AU  - Silks, L.A.
AU  - Barr, John R.
T1  - Quantitation of the Sulfur Mustard Metabolites 1,1'-Sulfonylbis[2-methylthio)ethane] and Thiodiglycol in Urine Using Isotope-Dilution Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.
JO  - Journal of Analytical Toxicology
JF  - Journal of Analytical Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 332
SN  - 01464760
AB  - Discusses urinary metabolites in sulfur mustard (HD) or bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide that can be measured to assess human exposure. Analysis of samples using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with quantitation using isotope-dilution calibration; Methods that focus on either the thiodiglycol (TDG) or the beta-lyase metabolites.
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare agents
KW  - MUSTARD gas
KW  - CHEMICAL weapons
KW  - POISONS
KW  - THIODIGLYCOL
KW  - METABOLITES
N1  - Accession Number: 14169855; Boyer, Anne E. 1 Ash, Doris 1 Barr, Dana B. 1 Young, Carrie L. 1 Driskell, W. Jack 1 Whitehead Jr., Ralph D. 1 Ospina, Maria 1 Preston, Kerry E. 1 Woolfitt, Adrian R. 1 Martinez, Rodolfo A. 2 Silks, L.A. 2 Barr, John R. 1; Email Address: jbarr@cdc.gov; Affiliation:  1: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Georgia  2: National Stable Isotope Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p327; Subject Term: CHEMICAL warfare agents; Subject Term: MUSTARD gas; Subject Term: CHEMICAL weapons; Subject Term: POISONS; Subject Term: THIODIGLYCOL; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, Carrie L.
AU  - Ash, Doris
AU  - Driskell, W. Jack
AU  - Boyer, Anne E.
AU  - Martinez, Rodolfo A.
AU  - Silks, L.A.
AU  - Barr, John R.
T1  - A Rapid, Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of Specific Metabolites of Sulfur Mustard in Human Urine Using Isotope-Dilution Gas Chromatography—Tandem Mass Spectrometry.
JO  - Journal of Analytical Toxicology
JF  - Journal of Analytical Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 345
SN  - 01464760
AB  - Discusses the development of a sensitive, rapid, accurate and precise method to quantitate trace levels of 1,1'-sulfonylbis [2-(methylthio) ethane] (SBMTE) in human urine as a means of assessing exposure to sulfur mustard agent (HD) (2,2'-dichloroethyl sulfide). Immobilization of liquid-liquid extraction with diatomaceous earth; Analysis of the urine extract using isotope-dilution gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Relative standard deviations.
KW  - MUSTARD gas
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare agents
KW  - CHEMICAL weapons
KW  - URINALYSIS
KW  - GAS chromatography
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 14169857; Young, Carrie L. 1 Ash, Doris 1 Driskell, W. Jack 1 Boyer, Anne E. 1 Martinez, Rodolfo A. 2 Silks, L.A. 2 Barr, John R. 1; Email Address: JBarr@cdc.gov; Affiliation:  1: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Georgia  2: National Stable Isotope Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p339; Subject Term: MUSTARD gas; Subject Term: CHEMICAL warfare agents; Subject Term: CHEMICAL weapons; Subject Term: URINALYSIS; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barr, John R.
AU  - Driskell, W. Jack
AU  - Aston, Linda S.
AU  - Martinez, Rodolfo A.
T1  - Quantitation of Metabolites of the Nerve Agents Sarin, Soman, Cyclohexylsarin, VX, and Russian VX in Human Urine Using Isotope-Dilution Gas Chromatography—Tandem Mass Spectrometry.
JO  - Journal of Analytical Toxicology
JF  - Journal of Analytical Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
EP  - 378
SN  - 01464760
AB  - Discusses the development of an isotope-dilution gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for quantitating the urinary metabolites of the organophosphorus nerve agents sarin (Gb), soman (GD), VX, Russian VX (RVX) and cyclohexylsarin (GF). Limits of detection; Threat of organophosphorus nerve agents for both military and terrorist use.
KW  - ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds
KW  - NERVE gases
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - SARIN
KW  - CHEMICAL weapons
KW  - CHEMICAL warfare agents
N1  - Accession Number: 14169862; Barr, John R. 1; Email Address: JBarr@cdc.gov Driskell, W. Jack 1 Aston, Linda S. 2 Martinez, Rodolfo A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Georgia  2: Battelle Memorial Institute under contract, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health  3: National Stable Isotope Resource Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 28 Issue 5, p372; Subject Term: ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds; Subject Term: NERVE gases; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: SARIN; Subject Term: CHEMICAL weapons; Subject Term: CHEMICAL warfare agents; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, Charlotta
AU  - King, Jerry W.
AU  - McKeon, Thomas
T1  - Selected Uses of Enzymes with Critical Fluids in Analytical Chemistry.
JO  - Journal of AOAC International
JF  - Journal of AOAC International
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 87
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 797
EP  - 810
SN  - 10603271
AB  - Discusses the fundamental aspects of using enzymes in the presence of supercritical fluid media. Focus on the influence of extraction pressure, temperature and water content of the extracting fluid; Optimization of screening conditions through parallel supercritical fluid extraction instrumentation; Selection of suitable enzymes; Examples based on lipase-initiated conversions of lipid substrates.
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - EXTRACTION (Chemistry)
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluid extraction
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - LIPASES
KW  - LIPIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 13827012; Turner, Charlotta 1 King, Jerry W. 2; Email Address: kingjw@lanl.gov McKeon, Thomas 1; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Buchanan St., Albany, CA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Supercritical Fluids Facility, Applied Chemical Technology, Chemistry Division, Mail Stop, Los Alamos, NM; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 87 Issue 4, p797; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: EXTRACTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluid extraction; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: LIPASES; Subject Term: LIPIDS; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ludwig, F. L.
AU  - Horel, John
AU  - Whiteman, C. David
T1  - Using EOF Analysis to Identify Important Surface Wind Patterns in Mountain Valleys.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 43
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 969
EP  - 983
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - Empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) have been determined for three wind datasets from stations in valleys south of the Great Salt Lake in Utah. Two of the datasets were for summer months, with individual days selected from the MesoWest archive to represent conditions conducive to well-developed thermally driven flows. The remaining dataset was for the month of October 2000 and was derived from a combination of MesoWest data and data collected during intensive observation periods of the Vertical Transport and Mixing Experiment (VTMX) conducted in the Great Salt Lake area. This experiment investigated stable atmospheric conditions in the complex urban terrain around Salt Lake City, Utah. In all three datasets, the primary EOFs represented flows that were directed predominantly along valley axes and were caused by channeled or thermally driven flow. Diurnal variations in EOF intensity showed that thermal effects were the most common causal mechanism. The along-valley EOFs accounted for 43%–58% of the variance in the wind component datasets (8 or 10 stations each). The second EOFs accounted for 13%–18% of the variance. In the summer datasets, the second EOF appeared to represent day–night transition periods; there was evidence of both side canyon flows and day–night transitional effects in the October dataset. The EOF approach has promise for classifying wind patterns and selecting representative cases for simulation or for further detailed analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORTHOGONAL functions
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - WINDS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 13855907; Ludwig, F. L. 1; Email Address: fludwig@stanford.edu Horel, John 2 Whiteman, C. David 3; Affiliation:  1: Stanford University, Stanford, California  2: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 43 Issue 7, p969; Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL functions; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: WINDS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnard, James C.
AU  - Long, Charles N.
T1  - A Simple Empirical Equation to Calculate Cloud Optical Thickness Using Shortwave Broadband Measurements.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 43
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1057
EP  - 1066
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - In this paper, an empirical equation is presented that can be used to estimate shortwave cloud optical thickness from measurements and analysis of shortwave broadband irradiances. When applied to a time series of broadband observations, this method can predict cloud optical thickness distributions that are very similar to those obtained using the algorithm of Min and Harrison (henceforth the Min algorithm). For a given site, medians of the Min algorithm–derived and empirically derived distributions differ by less than 10%. This level of agreement holds over a wide geographical range of sites. The equation is designed for fully overcast skies, surface albedos less than 0.3, and a cosine of the solar zenith angle greater than 0.15. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - BROADBAND communication systems
KW  - SPECTRAL irradiance
N1  - Accession Number: 13855902; Barnard, James C. 1; Email Address: james.barnard@pnl.gov Long, Charles N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 43 Issue 7, p1057; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: BROADBAND communication systems; Subject Term: SPECTRAL irradiance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shkrob, Ilya A.
AU  - Oulianov, Dmitri A.
AU  - Crowell, Robert A.
AU  - Pommeret, Stanislas
T1  - Frequency-domain “single-shot” ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy using chirped laser pulses.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 33
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Single-shot ultrafast transient absorbance spectroscopy based on the frequency encoding of kinetics is demonstrated. The kinetics are sampled in the frequency domain using linearly chirped, amplified 33 fs pulses derived from a Ti:sapphire laser. A variable length grating pair compressor is used to achieve sampling of 512 channels with a 2–160 ps window with sensitivity>5×10-4. In terms of the acquisition time, frequency-domain “single-shot” (FDSS) spectroscopy has an advantage over pump–probe spectroscopy when “noise” is dominated by variations in the amplitude of the signal due to pump and flow instability. Unlike some other single-shot techniques, FDSS can be used for fluid samples flowing in a high-speed jet and for thin solid samples that exhibit interference fringes. Another advantage is that, due to interference of quasimonochromatic components of the chirped probe pulse, an oscillation pattern near the origin of the FDSS kinetics emerges. This pattern is unique and can be used to determine the complex dielectric function of photogenerated species. The advantages of FDSS are illustrated with the kinetics obtained in multiphoton ionization of aqueous iodide and one-photon excitation of polycrystalline ZnSe. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13472391; Shkrob, Ilya A. 1; Email Address: shkrob@anl.gov Oulianov, Dmitri A. 1 Crowell, Robert A. 1 Pommeret, Stanislas 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, Direction des Sciences de la Matièr, Département de Recherche sur l'Etat Condensé les Atomes et les Molécules, Service de Chimie Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche Associée 311 au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p25; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1711178
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiayong Tian
AU  - Ogi, Hirotsugu
AU  - Tada, Toyokazu
AU  - Hirao, Masahiko
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
T1  - Local surface elastic constants by resonant-ultrasound microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 137
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We report a method—resonant-ultrasound microscopy—for measuring elastic-constant distribution over a solid’s surface. Applying an oscillating electric field to a rectangular-parallelepiped oscillator of langasite (La3Ga5SiO14) crystal by a surrounding solenoid coil, we generated and detected vibrations of the crystal without electrodes and without wires. Acoustic coupling of the specimen to the oscillator is only made at an antinodal vibration point on the crystal’s bottom surface. The crystal’s resonance-frequency shift reflects elastic constants of the specimen in the contacting area. Point-contact measurement permits sensitive, quantitative evaluation of a material’s local elastic constants. As an illustrating example, we measured the elastic-stiffness distribution of a Nb–Ti/Cu resin superconductive wire. We compared our measurements with both static-contact and dynamic-contact models. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 13472378; Jiayong Tian 1; Email Address: j_tian@me.es.osaka-u.ac.jp Ogi, Hirotsugu 1 Tada, Toyokazu 1 Hirao, Masahiko 1 Ledbetter, Hassel 2; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Japan  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p133; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1755432
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooke, D.W.
AU  - Muenchausen, R.E.
AU  - Bennett, B.L.
AU  - Jacobsohn, L.G.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Quantum confinement contribution to porous silicon photoluminescence spectra.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 197
EP  - 203
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of freshly etched and ambient-aged porous silicon specimens have been measured and analyzed to extract spectral contributions due to quantum confinement (QC) and non-QC effects. It is shown that all spectra can be deconvolved into five Gaussian bands with typical peak energies 1.59, 1.76, 1.84, 1.94, and 2.07 eV. Ambient aging induces ∼0.1 eV blueshift in each of the three highest energy peaks, which is attributed to QC effects. In contrast, the two lowest energy peaks remain unshifted as expected for non-QC effects. Because size of the porous silicon nanoparticles is deduced from the magnitude of blueshift, it is imperative to correctly identify the spectral components associated solely with QC. The three closely spaced Gaussian bands are summed and the resulting single Gaussian band is analyzed with the model of Islam and Kumar [J. Appl. Phys. 93, 1753 (2003)]. Results show that peak energy of the freshly etched sample is 1.86 eV with average nanoparticle size L0=3.90 nm and dispersion σ=0.065 nm. Ambient aging for 40 days causes this peak to blueshift to 2.07 eV and reduces the nanoparticle size to L0=3.37 nm with dispersion σ=0.088 nm. The reduction in particle size (ΔL=0.53 nm) is attributed to oxidation of the nanocrystalline surface, and corresponds to approximately 2 monolayers of oxide growth. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS silicon
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13472368; Cooke, D.W. 1; Email Address: cooke@lanl.gov Muenchausen, R.E. 1 Bennett, B.L. 1 Jacobsohn, L.G. 1 Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science, Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p197; Subject Term: POROUS silicon; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: OXIDATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1756217
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, R.D.
AU  - Bentley, J.
AU  - More, K.L.
AU  - Doll, G.L.
AU  - Glass, J.T.
T1  - Radial distribution function analyses of amorphous carbon thin films containing various levels of silicon and hydrogen.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 279
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Short-range order in amorphous carbon thin films containing silicon and hydrogen (Si-aC:H) was characterized using radial distribution functions (RDFs). RDFs describe the average number of neighbors located a distance r away from an arbitrary atom in the sample. Two methods in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used in this study to obtain RDFs: energy-filtered convergent-beam electron diffraction (EFCBED) and extended electron energy-loss fine structure (EXELFS) analyses. Four Si-aC:H film samples were prepared in cross section for TEM using a focused ion beam system. Both EFCBED and EXELFS techniques were used to study the same samples. RDF interpretation included estimation and comparison of near-neighbor distances, average bond angles, and coordination numbers as a function of sample composition. Key RDF characteristics were correlated to thin film material properties. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILICON
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 13472354; Evans, R.D. 1,2 Bentley, J. 3 More, K.L. 3 Doll, G.L. 1 Glass, J.T. 2,4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Technology, The Timken Company, Canton, Ohio 44706  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p273; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1760232
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, J.K.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Theodore, N. David
AU  - Smalley, A.
AU  - Alford, T.L.
AU  - Mayer, J.W.
AU  - Cai, M.
AU  - Lau, S.S.
T1  - Effects of hydrogen implantation temperature on ion-cut of silicon.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 280
EP  - 288
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have studied the effect of ion implantation temperature on the nature of cleavage and layer transfer, and the electrical properties in hydrogen implanted p-Si. The lattice damage and the hydrogen concentration in the as-implanted Si and transferred Si films were analyzed with elastic recoil detection, respectively. Implantations performed at -140 °C [low temperature (LT)] and room temperature (RT) resulted in a variation in the thickness and surface morphology of the transferred layers. The transferred layer from room temperature hydrogen ion implantation was both thicker and atomically smoother than the transferred layer produced by -140 °C hydrogen implantation. The as-transferred layer obtained from RT-implanted p-Si wafer was n-type, but converted to p-type after annealing at 650 °C or higher. The transferred layer obtained from LT-implanted Si wafer was highly resistive even after high temperature annealing. These variations were observed to be correlated with the damage profiles measured by ion channeling; channeling data showed that the room temperature implantation provided a deeper and narrower damage distribution than that obtained from the -140 °C implantation. The nature of the implantation damage was evaluated with the aid of IR spectroscopy and was found to consist of Si–H defects. The type and population of these defects were observed to be dependent on the ion implantation temperature. In both room temperature and -140 °C implantations, the presence of the implantation damage facilitated the nucleation of Si–H defects that developed into H platelets, which were the precursor defects for the cleavage and the layer transfer. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SILICON
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13472353; Lee, J.K. 1; Email Address: jklee@lanl.gov Nastasi, M. 1 Theodore, N. David 2 Smalley, A. 2 Alford, T.L. 3 Mayer, J.W. 3 Cai, M. 4 Lau, S.S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544  2: DigitalDNA(tm) Labs., Motorola Inc., 2100 East Elliot Rd. Tempe, Arizona 85284  3: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona 85287  4: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San diego, La Jolla California 92093; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p280; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1755851
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13472353&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanfa Yan
AU  - Al-Jassim, M.M.
AU  - Jones, K.M.
T1  - Passivation of double-positioning twin boundaries in CdTe.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 320
EP  - 326
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We present density-functional total-energy calculations to investigate the passivation effects of impurity elements such as Br, Cl, S, O, H, and Na on double-positioning twin boundaries in CdTe. We find that Br, Cl, S, and O atoms present passivation effects on the boundaries with different degrees, whereas H and Na do not passivate the boundaries. Of all these impurities, Cl atoms present the best passivation effects on the double-positioning twin boundaries. The superior passivation effects are realized by either terminating the Cd atoms with dangling bonds, or substituting the Te atoms with dangling bonds in the double-positioning twin boundaries in CdTe by Cl atoms. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - CADMIUM compounds
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - ATOMIC theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13472347; Yanfa Yan 1; Email Address: yyan@nrel.gov Al-Jassim, M.M. 1 Jones, K.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p320; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CADMIUM compounds; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: ATOMIC theory; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758313
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dick, J.J.
AU  - Hooks, D.E.
AU  - Menikovv, R.
AU  - Martinez, A.R.
T1  - Elastic–plastic wave profiles in cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 374
EP  - 379
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The explosive molecular crystal cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine was studied in three orientations in a set of plate impact experiments; the orientations studied were {110}, {011}, and {010} in P21/n space group. The elastic–plastic shock response was measured using laser interferometry. The measured particle velocity profiles showed elastic precursor decay typical of a stress relaxing material. There is anisotropy in elastic shock strength and decay. The amount of precursor decay with propagation distance and stress relaxation behind the elastic shock varied among the orientations. The {010} orientation had larger elastic precursors than did the other two orientations; the {010} crystal does not have the regular plastic deformation mechanisms available to it. Elastic Hugoniots were obtained from the measurements. The inelastic deformation mechanisms may vary with orientation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 13472338; Dick, J.J. 1; Email Address: jjd@lanl.gov Hooks, D.E. 1 Menikovv, R. 1 Martinez, A.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p374; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felten, F.
AU  - Schneider, G.A.
AU  - Saldaña, J. Muñoz
AU  - Kalinin, S.V.
T1  - Modeling and measurement of surface displacements in BaTiO3 bulk material in piezoresponse force microscopy.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 563
EP  - 568
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is applied to image ferroelastic formed c domains in a single crystal ferroelectric barium titanate bulk material. A simple model and an analytical approach are presented, which provides a basis to understand the complex tip-surface interactions responsible for the image contrast in PFM. In particular, the measured amplitude of the piezoresponse out-of-plane surface displacements of a C- domain is compared with theoretical results based upon a three-dimensional Green’s function solution. The electric field distribution in the tip-surface contact is determined using image-charge calculations for a spherical tip separated by a thin water layer from a mechanically isotropic and electrically anisotropic dielectric half plane. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - BARIUM compounds
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 13472306; Felten, F. 1 Schneider, G.A. 1 Saldaña, J. Muñoz 2 Kalinin, S.V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Ceramics Group, Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg, 21073 Hamburg, Germany  2: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000, Fraccionamiento Real de Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p563; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; Subject Term: BULK solids; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758316
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13472306&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Zhao, Y.H.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Valiev, R.Z.
AU  - Gunderov, D.V.
T1  - Grain-size effect on the deformation mechanisms of nanostructured copper processed by high-pressure torsion.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 636
EP  - 640
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The unique nonuniform deformation characteristic of high-pressure torsion was used to produce nanostructures with systematically varying grain sizes in a copper disk, which allows us to study the grain-size effect on the deformation mechanisms in nanostructured copper using a single sample. The as-processed copper disk has 100–200 nm grains near its center and 10–20 nm grains at its periphery. High densities of full dislocations (2×1016/m2) were distributed nonuniformly in large grains, implying that dislocation slip is the dominant deformation mechanism. With increasing dislocation density, the dislocations accumulated and rearranged, forming elongated nanodomains. The originally formed nanodomains remain almost the same crystalline orientation as their parent large grains. Further deformation occurred mainly through partial dislocation emissions from nanodomain boundaries, resulting in high density of nanotwins and stacking faults in the nanodomains. The elongated nanodomains finally transformed into equiaxed nanocrystalline grains with large-angle grain boundaries. The results suggest that grain boundary rotation and grain boundary sliding might play a significant role in the formation of large-angle grain boundaries in nanocrystalline grains. These experimental results show that different deformation mechanisms operate at different length scales and confirm unambiguously the deformation mechanisms of nanocrystalline grains predicted by molecular dynamic simulations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - TORSION
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
N1  - Accession Number: 13472294; Liao, X.Z. 1 Zhao, Y.H. 1 Zhu, Y.T. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Valiev, R.Z. 2 Gunderov, D.V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University K. Marksa 12, Ufa 450000, Russian Federation; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p636; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: TORSION; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1757035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jie Lian
AU  - Rios, Susana
AU  - Boatner, Lynn A.
AU  - Wang, L.M.
AU  - Ewing, Rodney C.
T1  - Erratum: “Microstructural evolution and nanocrystal formation in Pb+-implanted ZrSiO4 single crystals” [J. Appl. Phys. 94, 5695 (2003)].
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 1
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 937
EP  - 937
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13472245; Jie Lian 1 Rios, Susana 2 Boatner, Lynn A. 3 Wang, L.M. 1 Ewing, Rodney C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Michigan  2: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom  3: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee  4: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Michigan; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p937; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753069
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hickman, R.G.
AU  - Dobson, P.F.
AU  - Gerven, M. van
AU  - Sagala, B.D.
AU  - Gunderson, R.P.
T1  - Tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of the Sarulla graben geothermal area, North Sumatra, Indonesia
JO  - Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
JF  - Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
EP  - 448
SN  - 13679120
AB  - The Sarulla graben is a composite Plio-Pleistocene basin developed along the northwest striking, dextral-slip Sumatra fault in a region where the fault coincides with the Sumatra volcanic arc. Offset of the 0.27±0.03 Ma Tor Sibohi rhyodacite dome by an active strand of the Sumatra fault, the Tor Sibohi fault (TSF), indicates a slip rate of about 9 mm/y. This value is lower than previous regional estimates of ∼25–30 mm/y for Holocene slip on the Sumatra fault determined from stream offsets in the Taratung region. This discrepancy may be due to (1) a difference between Holocene and late Quaternary rates of slip and (2) additional slip on other faults in the Sarulla area. Since the magnitude of undated stream offsets along the TSF in the Sarulla area is similar to those in the Taratung area, the discrepancy is likely to be due largely to a change in slip rate over time.Within the Sarulla area, major volcanic centers include the Sibualbuali stratavolcano (∼0.7–0.3 Ma), the Hopong caldera (∼1.5 Ma), and the Namora-I-Langit dacitic dome field (0.8–0.1 Ma). These centers generated the majority of the ash-flow tuffs and tuffaceous sediments filling the Sarulla graben, and appear to have been localized by structural features related to the Sumatra fault zone.Four geothermal systems within the Sarulla area are closely linked to major faults and volcanic centers. In three of the systems, reservoir permeability is clearly dominated by specific structures within the Sumatra fault system. In the fourth geothermal system, Namora-I-Langit geothermal field, permeability may be locally influenced by faults, but highly permeable fractures are widely distributed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Asian Earth Sciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLCANISM
KW  - GEODYNAMICS
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - NATURAL resources
KW  - Geothermal systems
KW  - Slip rate
KW  - Strike-slip faulting
KW  - Sumatra
KW  - Volcanism
N1  - Accession Number: 13179431; Hickman, R.G. 1; Email Address: rhickman@pdq.net Dobson, P.F. 2 Gerven, M. van 3 Sagala, B.D. 4 Gunderson, R.P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Structural Solutions, 1330 Sugar Creek Blvd., Sugar Land, TX 77478, USA  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Autodesk Inc., GIS Solutions Division, San Rafael, CA, USA  4: Unocal Geothermal Indonesia, Sentral Senayan-I Office Tower, Jln. Asia Afrika No. 8, Jakarta 10012, Indonesia  5: Unocal Geothermal Technology and Services, 1160 N. Dutton Ave., Santa Rosa, CA 95401, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p435; Subject Term: VOLCANISM; Subject Term: GEODYNAMICS; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Subject Term: NATURAL resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geothermal systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slip rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strike-slip faulting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sumatra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volcanism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00155-X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gomes, João P.
AU  - Bruno, William J.
AU  - Borrego, Maria J.
AU  - Dean, Deborah
T1  - Recombination in the Genome of Chalmydia trachomatis Involving the Polymorphic Membrane Protein C Gene Relative to ompA and Evidence for Horizontal Gene Transfer.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 186
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 4295
EP  - 4306
SN  - 00219193
AB  - Genome sequencing of Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D has identified polymorphic membrane proteins (Prop) that are a newly recognized protein family unique to the Chlamydiaceae family. Cumulative data suggest that these diverse proteins are expressed on the cell surface and might be immunologically important. We performed phylogenetic analyses and statistical modeling with 18 reference serovars and 1 genovariant of C. trachomatis to examine the evolutionary characteristics and comparative genetics of PmpC and pmpC, the gene that encodes this protein. We also examined 12 recently isolated ocular and urogenital clinical samples, since reference serovars are laboratory adapted and may not represent strains that are presently responsible for human disease. Phylogenetic reconstructions revealed a clear distinction for disease groups, corresponding to levels of tissue specificity and virulence of the organism. Further, the most prevalent serovars, E, F, and Da, formed a distinct clade. According to the results of comparative genetic analyses, these three genital serovars contained two putative insertion sequence (IS)-like elements with 10- and 15-bp direct repeats, respectively, while all other genital serovars contained one IS-like element. Ocular trachoma serovars also contained both insertions. Previously, no IS-like elements have been identified for Chlamydiaceae. Surprisingly, 7 (58%) of 12 clinical isolates revealed pmpC sequences that were identical to the sequences of other serovars, providing clear evidence for a high rate of whole-gene recombination. Recombination and the differential presence of IS-like elements among distinct disease and prevalence groups may contribute to genome plasticity, which may lead to adaptive changes in tissue tropism and pathogenesis over the course of the organism's evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLAMYDIA trachomatis
KW  - CHLAMYDIA infections
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - PROTEIN C
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
N1  - Accession Number: 13918538; Gomes, João P. 1,2 Bruno, William J. 3 Borrego, Maria J. 1 Dean, Deborah 2,4; Email Address: ddean@chori.org; Affiliation:  1: Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal  2: Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California 94609  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544  4: University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 186 Issue 13, p4295; Subject Term: CHLAMYDIA trachomatis; Subject Term: CHLAMYDIA infections; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: PROTEIN C; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JB.186.13.4295-4306.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coblentz, David D.
AU  - Riitters, Kurt H.
T1  - Topographic controls on the regional-scale biodiversity of the south-western USA.
JO  - Journal of Biogeography
JF  - Journal of Biogeography
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 31
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1125
EP  - 1138
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 03050270
AB  - Topography is a fundamental geophysical observable that contains valuable information about the geodynamic, tectonic and climatic history of a region. Here, we extend the traditional uses of topographic analysis to evaluate the role played by topography in the distribution of regional-scale biodiversity in the south-western USA. An important aspect of our study is its ability to provide a way to quantify characteristics of the topographic fabric and to construct predictive models that can be used to test hypotheses that relate topography and biodiversity. South-western USA region of the North American Cordillera. Our approach begins with a quantitative analysis of the topography and the construction of a predicted biodiversity map based on measurable topographic quantities: organization, roughness, slope aspect, grain orientation and mean elevation. We then make a quantitative comparison between the predicted and observed biodiversity, based on the assumption that land-cover diversity is a plausible measure of regional-scale biodiversity. Land-cover information used for this study was collected as part of the U.S.G.S. global land cover characteristics (GLCC) project and is derived from satellite (AVHRR) imagery. To a first order, the predicted regional-scale biodiversity based on our topographic model shows a good correlation with the observed biodiversity (as estimated from the land-cover diversity). Our model overestimates the biodiversity in many parts of the Colorado Plateau, Rio Grande Rift, and the low desert regions of the Southern Basin and Range, suggesting that in these provinces a biodiversity estimate based solely on topography is an over-simplification. However, much of the Madrean Archipelago and Sierra Madre provinces, which are centres of high biodiversity in this region, show excellent agreement between the observed and predicted biodiversity. While we acknowledge that many other factors in addition to topography have an important influence on biodiversity (particularly on a local scale), we conclude that topography plays a primary role in the regional to continental-scale biodiversity, particularly in regions characterized by insular mountain fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biogeography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANDSCAPE ecology
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - STRUCTURAL geology
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - GEOGRAPHY
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13347290; Coblentz, David D. 1; Email Address: coblentz@lanl.gov Riitters, Kurt H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM  2: RWU-4803, Forest Health Monitoring, US Forest Service, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 31 Issue 7, p1125; Subject Term: LANDSCAPE ecology; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL geology; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: GEOGRAPHY; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.00981.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Jeffrey T.
AU  - Schreier, Marc
AU  - Kropf, A. Jeremy
AU  - Regalbuto, John R.
T1  - A fundamental study of platinum tetraammine impregnation of silica: 2. The effect of method of preparation, loading, and calcination temperature on (reduced) particle size
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 225
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 212
SN  - 00219517
AB  - Pt/silica catalysts were prepared by adsorption of Pt(NH3)4<f>2+</f> from strongly basic impregnation solutions. The pH not only determines the amount of adsorbed Pt but also influences the particle size of the reduced catalyst. The highest dispersions were obtained at lower Pt loading and drying in air at 100 °C followed by reduction in H2 at 250 °C. With increasing calcination temperature there was a nearly linear decrease in the Pt dispersion. It is suggested that the dispersion is dependent on the distribution of Pt species on silica at the time of reduction. Reduction of Pt2+ adsorbed under conditions to give strong electrostatic interaction leads to particles with a dispersion of 1.0. Calcination at temperatures form 150 to 400 °C leads to partial oxidation of PTA to Pt4+ species, which reduce to metallic particles with a dispersion of about 0.4. Finally, calcination above 525 °C leads to large metallic Pt particles with a dispersion of about 0.07. By selecting the method of preparation and calcination temperature, very small to large metallic nanoparticles can be prepared. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLATINUM catalysts
KW  - SILICA
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing
KW  - Calcination
KW  - Catalyst preparation
KW  - Platinum tetraammine
KW  - Pt EXAFS
KW  - Pt nanoparticles
KW  - Pt on silica
KW  - Pt XANES
KW  - QEXAFS
KW  - Wet impregnation
N1  - Accession Number: 13236077; Miller, Jeffrey T. 1; Email Address: millejt1@bp.com Schreier, Marc 2 Kropf, A. Jeremy 3 Regalbuto, John R. 2; Affiliation:  1: BP Research Center, 150 W. Warrenville Rd., Naperville, IL 60563-8406, USA  2: University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chicago, IL 60607, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, Argonne, IL 60430-4837, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 225 Issue 1, p203; Subject Term: PLATINUM catalysts; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Dynamic testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalyst preparation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum tetraammine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt EXAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt on silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt XANES; Author-Supplied Keyword: QEXAFS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wet impregnation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.04.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirata, So
T1  - Higher-order equation-of-motion coupled-cluster methods.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 59
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The equation-of-motion coupled-cluster (EOM-CC) methods truncated after double, triple, or quadruple cluster and linear excitation operators (EOM-CCSD, EOM-CCSDT, and EOM-CCSDTQ) have been derived and implemented into parallel execution programs. They compute excitation energies, excited-state dipole moments, and transition moments of closed- and open-shell systems, taking advantage of spin, spatial (real Abelian), and permutation symmetries simultaneously and fully (within the spin–orbital formalisms). The related Λ equation solvers for coupled-cluster (CC) methods through and up to connected quadruple excitation (CCSD, CCSDT, and CCSDTQ) have also been developed. These developments have been achieved, by virtue of the algebraic and symbolic manipulation program that automated the formula derivation and implementation altogether. The EOM-CC methods and CC Λ equations introduce a class of second quantized ansatz with a de-excitation operator (Y⁁), a number of excitation operators (X⁁), and a physical (e.g., the Hamiltonian) operator (A⁁), leading to the tensor contraction expressions that can be performed in the order of ((...((yx)x)...)x)a or ((...((ax)x)...)x)y at the minimal peak operation cost, where x, y, and a are basis-set representations (i.e., tensors) of the respective operators X⁁, Y⁁, and A⁁. Any intermediate tensor resulting from either contraction order is shown to have at most six groups of permutable indices, and this knowledge is used to guide the computer-synthesized programs to fully exploit the permutation symmetry of any tensor to minimize the arithmetic and memory costs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC theory
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - MATHEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13538875; Hirata, So 1; Email Address: so.hirata@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 1, p51; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753556
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beran, Gregory J. O.
AU  - Head-Gordon, martin
T1  - Extracting dominant pair correlations from many-body wave functions.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 78
EP  - 88
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The singular value decomposition of the n-particle excitation operator as determined by coupled cluster or perturbation theory is used to extract the dominant and interesting electron–electron correlations from complex molecular wave functions. As an example of the very general formalism, the decomposition of the T⁁2 operator obtained from coupled cluster doubles calculations is used to analyze the strength and character of pair correlations in a variety of molecules with interesting electronic structure. The magnitude of the largest singular value(s) determines the strength of the correlation(s), and the corresponding right- and left-hand singular vectors characterize the physical and spatial nature of the correlations. The primary advantage of this tool over natural orbital analysis is that it provides direct associations between the occupied and virtual geminals involved in the correlations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - ORBITAL mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 13538873; Beran, Gregory J. O. 1 Head-Gordon, martin 2; Email Address: mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460.; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 1, p78; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: ORBITAL mechanics; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1756860
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodriguez, J. A.
AU  - Liu, P.
AU  - Dvorak, J.
AU  - Jirsak, T.
AU  - Gomes, J.
AU  - Takahashi, Y.
AU  - Nakamura, K.
T1  - The interaction of oxygen with TiC(001): Photoemission and first-principles studies.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
EP  - 474
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - High-resolution photoemission and first-principles density-functional slab calculations were used to study the interaction of oxygen with a TiC(001) surface. Atomic oxygen is present on the TiC(001) substrate after small doses of O2 at room temperature. A big positive shift (1.5–1.8 eV) was detected for the C 1s core level. These photoemission studies suggest the existence of strong O↔C interactions. A phenomenon corroborated by the results of first-principles calculations, which show a CTiTi hollow as the most stable site for the adsorption of O. Ti and C atoms are involved in the adsorption and dissociation of the O2 molecule. In general, the bond between O and the TiC(001) surface contains a large degree of ionic character. The carbide→O charge transfer is substantial even at high coverages (>0.5 ML) of oxygen. At 500 K and large doses of O2, oxidation of the carbide surface occurs with the removal of C and formation of titanium oxides. There is an activation barrier for the exchange of Ti–C and Ti–O bonds which is overcome only by the formation of C–C or C–O bonds on the surface. The mechanism for the removal of a C atom as CO gas involves a minimum of two O adatoms, and three O adatoms are required for the formation of CO2 gas. Due to the high stability of TiC, an O adatom alone cannot induce the generation of a C vacancy in a flat TiC(001) surface.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - BONDS (Finance)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13538829; Rodriguez, J. A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Liu, P. 1 Dvorak, J. 1 Jirsak, T. 1 Gomes, J. 2 Takahashi, Y. 3 Nakamura, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  2: IFIMUP, Universidade do Porto, 4169 Porto, Portugal.  3: Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 1, p465; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: BONDS (Finance); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1755669
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, F.
AU  - Vogelmann, A. M.
AU  - Ramanathan, V.
T1  - Saharan Dust Aerosol Radiative Forcing Measured from Space.
JO  - Journal of Climate
JF  - Journal of Climate
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 17
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2558
EP  - 2571
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948755
AB  - This study uses data collected from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments to determine Saharan dust broadband shortwave aerosol radiative forcing over the Atlantic Ocean near the African coast (15°–25°N, 45°–15°W). The clear-sky aerosol forcing is derived directly from these data, without requiring detailed information about the aerosol properties that are not routinely observed such as chemical composition, microphysical properties, and their height variations. To determine the diurnally averaged Saharan dust radiative forcing efficiency (i.e., broadband shortwave forcing per unit optical depth at 550 nm, W m-2 Ta-1), two extreme seasons are juxtaposed: the high-dust months [June–August (JJA)] and the low-dust months [November-January (NDJ)]. It is found that the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) diurnal mean forcing efficiency is −35 ± 3 W m-2Ta-1 for JJA, and −26 ± 3 W m-2 Ta-1 for NDJ. These efficiencies can be fit by reducing the spectrally varying aerosol single-scattering albedo such that its value at 550 nm is reduced from 0.95 ± 0.04 for JJA to about 0.86 ± 0.04 for NDJ. The lower value for the low-dust months might be influenced by biomass-burning aerosols that were transported into the study region from equatorial Africa. Although the high-dust season has a greater (absolute value of the) TOA forcing efficiency, the low-dust season may have a greater surface forcing efficiency. Extrapolations based on model calculations suggest the surface forcing efficiencies to be about −65 W m-2Ta-1 for the high-dust season versus −81 W m-2Ta-1 for the low-dust season. These observations indicate that the aerosol character within a region can be readily modified, even immediately adjacent to a powerful source region such as the Sahara. This study provides important observational constraints for models of dust radiative forcing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DUST
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - EOLIAN processes
KW  - GEOMORPHOLOGY
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - SAHARA
N1  - Accession Number: 13689253; Li, F. 1; Email Address: fli@fiji.ucsd.edu Vogelmann, A. M. 2 Ramanathan, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Atmospheric Sciences, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California  2: Earth Systems Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 17 Issue 13, p2558; Subject Term: DUST; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: EOLIAN processes; Subject Term: GEOMORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: SAHARA; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs, 3 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Le Maître, O.P.
AU  - Najm, H.N.
AU  - Ghanem, R.G.
AU  - Knio, O.M.
T1  - Multi-resolution analysis of Wiener-type uncertainty propagation schemes
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 197
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 502
EP  - 531
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A multi-resolution analysis (MRA) is applied to an uncertainty propagation scheme based on a generalized polynomial chaos (PC) representation. The MRA relies on an orthogonal projection of uncertain data and solution variables onto a multi-wavelet basis, consisting of compact piecewise-smooth polynomial functions. The coefficients of the expansion are computed through a Galerkin procedure. The MRA scheme is applied to the simulation of the Lorenz system having a single random parameter. The convergence of the solution with respect to the resolution level and expansion order is investigated. In particular, results are compared to two Monte-Carlo sampling strategies, demonstrating the superiority of the MRA. For more complex problems, however, the MRA approach may require excessive CPU times. Adaptive methods are consequently developed in order to overcome this drawback. Two approaches are explored: the first is based on adaptive refinement of the multi-wavelet basis, while the second is based on adaptive block-partitioning of the space of random variables. Computational tests indicate that the latter approach is better suited for large problems, leading to a more efficient, flexible and parallelizable scheme. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE resolutions (Algebra)
KW  - HOMOLOGICAL algebra
KW  - BROWNIAN motion processes
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - Adaptive scheme
KW  - Multi-resolution analysis
KW  - Multi-wavelets
KW  - Polynomial chaos
KW  - Uncertainty quantification
N1  - Accession Number: 13289151; Le Maître, O.P. 1; Email Address: olm@cemif.univ-evry.fr Najm, H.N. 2; Email Address: hnnajm@ca.sandia.gov Ghanem, R.G. 3; Email Address: ghanem@jhu.edu Knio, O.M. 4; Email Address: knio@jhu.edu; Affiliation:  1: CEMIF and Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la Mécanique et les Sciences de l'Ingénieur, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, LIMSI-CNRS, BP 133, Orsay F-91 403, France  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Department of Civil Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 197 Issue 2, p502; Subject Term: FREE resolutions (Algebra); Subject Term: HOMOLOGICAL algebra; Subject Term: BROWNIAN motion processes; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive scheme; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-resolution analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-wavelets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polynomial chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty quantification; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.12.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Ping-Yu
AU  - Alumbaugh, David
AU  - Brainard, Jim
AU  - Hall, Laila
T1  - The application of ground penetrating radar attenuation tomography in a vadose zone infiltration experiment
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 87
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Cross-borehole ground penetrating radar (XBGPR) is used in monitoring a long-term vadose zone infiltration experiment at a test site in Socorro, NM in order to examine contaminant transport in the vadose zone. XBGPR attenuation tomography is conducted in order to test the ability of using images of electromagnetic attenuation for hydrogeologic investigations. The results of four pre-infiltration attenuation inversions shows standard deviations below 0.1 Np/m, and demonstrate the consistency of the XBGPR tomography technique for making time-lapse observations. Correlation to the core records indicates that XBGPR attenuation tomograms provide high-resolution images of clay distribution in the vadose zone. Water infiltration at the ground surface was initiated in February 1999 at a constant rate of 2.7 cm/day, and continued at this rate throughout the data collection experiment. Time-lapse attenuation tomograms show that attenuation increases by approximately 0.3 Np/m during the water infiltration, and indicate a snowplow effect may be occurring where salts are dissolved by the water and concentrated at the front of the plume. Seasonal temperature changes may also cause changes in electromagnetic attenuation images, and masking the evidence of water infiltration. Thus caution must be taken when using time-lapse attenuation images to interpret the movement of a water plume during a long-term experiment as temperature changes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Tomography
KW  - Electronic systems
KW  - Standard deviations
KW  - Medical radiography
KW  - Attenuation
KW  - Ground penetrating radar
KW  - Vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 13101244; Chang, Ping-Yu 1; Email Address: pingyuchang@wisc.edu; Alumbaugh, David 1; Brainard, Jim 2; Hall, Laila 3; Affiliations: 1: Geological Engineering Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1324, USA; 3: Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1-4, p67; Subject Term: Tomography; Subject Term: Electronic systems; Subject Term: Standard deviations; Subject Term: Medical radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Attenuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ground penetrating radar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.09.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13101244&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shirley, D.A.
AU  - Fadley, C.S.
T1  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in North America—the early years
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 58
SN  - 03682048
AB  - In this paper, we present a brief overview of the beginning years of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in the USA, with particular emphasis on activities in Berkeley with which we are more familiar, but comments also on some other significant developments during this period. With some arbitrariness, we have limited ourselves to topics that were at least underway by the time of the first conference in this series in 1971, and thus finally published by 1973 or so. Some key first results or analyses are illuminated with figures from the literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - NORTH America
KW  - Core-electron binding-energy shifts
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13327974; Shirley, D.A. 1,2; Email Address: fadley@physics.ucdavis.edu Fadley, C.S. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Material Sciences Division, University of California at Berkeley, Mailstop 2-100, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p43; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: BINDING energy; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: NORTH America; Author-Supplied Keyword: Core-electron binding-energy shifts; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayashi, Hisashi
AU  - Udagawa, Yasuo
AU  - Kao, Chi-Chang
T1  - Resonant and near-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy and lifetime-broadening-removed XANES of CuO
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 280
SN  - 03682048
AB  - Being a second order optical phenomenon, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) spectroscopy can be used to disentangle bound-state excitations from continuous absorption spectrum more effectively than ordinary first order absorption spectroscopy. When the excitation energy is lower than the K absorption threshold by about 10 eV or more, RIXS spectra observed approach a mirror image of 1s-core-hole lifetime-broadening-removed (LBR) XANES spectra, although the scattering intensity is prohibitively weak because of the unsatisfactory resonant condition employed. Approaching closer to the resonance, RIXS intensity increases by several orders of magnitude and concurrently observed is a surprisingly complicated set of spectra which heavily depends on the excitation energies. From each RIXS spectrum obtained under close to the resonant conditions, 1s-core-hole LBR-XANES or 1s- and 2p-core-hole LBR-XANES can be deduced by analytical method or numerical calculations. The RIXS-XANES method has been applied to CuO to reveal an existence of hidden electronic states near the absorption threshold. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - CuO
KW  - Lifetime-broadening-removed XANES
KW  - Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
KW  - Unoccupied electronic states
N1  - Accession Number: 13328317; Hayashi, Hisashi 1; Email Address: hayashi@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp Udagawa, Yasuo 1 Kao, Chi-Chang 2; Affiliation:  1: IMRAM, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  2: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p277; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Author-Supplied Keyword: CuO; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lifetime-broadening-removed XANES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unoccupied electronic states; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.065
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huotari, S.
AU  - Hämäläinen, K.
AU  - Diamant, R.
AU  - Sharon, R.
AU  - Kao, C.-C.
AU  - Deutsch, M.
T1  - X-ray hypersatellite spectra of hollow atoms
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 297
SN  - 03682048
AB  - The <F>Khα1,2</F> and <F>Khβ1,3</F> hypersatellites (HS), originating in transitions with a double <F>K</F> vacancy as the initial state, have been studied using photoexcitation by monochromatic synchrotron radiation. High-resolution emission spectra, their excitation energy threshold and their evolution with the exciting photon energy from threshold to saturation have been measured for a range of elements. The analysis, done in conjunction with ab initio Dirac-Fock calculations including QED corrections, reveals a good overall agreement between the theory and the experiment. However, small deviations are found, and assigned to an incomplete accounting for the intermediacy of the coupling scheme. The incident-photon energy dependence of the cross-section suggests a pure shake-off (SO) process for the creation of the second <F>K</F> hole in all measured elements. The intensity evolution deviates significantly from the predictions of the regnant theoretical model of Thomas and has a surprisingly large saturation range, which still lacks a theoretical explanation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Hollow atom
KW  - Hypersatellite
KW  - Multielectronic transitions
N1  - Accession Number: 13328320; Huotari, S. 1; Email Address: simo.huotari@esrf.fr Hämäläinen, K. 1 Diamant, R. 2 Sharon, R. 2 Kao, C.-C. 3 Deutsch, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of X-ray Physics, Department of Physical Sciences, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland  2: Physics Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel  3: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p293; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hollow atom; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hypersatellite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multielectronic transitions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guo, J.-H.
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - Augustsson, A.
AU  - Kashtanov, S.
AU  - Rubensson, J.-E.
AU  - Shuh, D.
AU  - Zhuang, V.
AU  - Ross, P.
AU  - Ågren, H.
AU  - Nordgren, J.
T1  - The molecular structure of alcohol-water mixtures determined by soft-X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 428
SN  - 03682048
AB  - We have examined the influence of the intermolecular interaction on the local electronic structure by using X-ray absorption and emission spectra of liquid methanol, water, and their mixtures (in molar ratios of 9:1 and 7:3). We find a strong involvement of hydrogen bonding in the mixing of water and methanol molecules. The local electronic structure of water and methanol clusters, where water cluster is bridging within a 6-member open-ring structured methanol cluster, is separately determined. The experimental findings suggest an incomplete mixing of water–alcohol systems and a strong self-association between methanol chain and water cluster through hydrogen bonding. The enhancement of joint water–methanol open-ring structure owes the explanation to the loss of entropy of the aqueous solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - WATER
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - Alcohol-water mixtures
KW  - Intermolecular interaction
KW  - X-ray absorption
KW  - X-ray emission
N1  - Accession Number: 13328342; Guo, J.-H. 1; Email Address: jguo@lbl.gov Luo, Y. 2; Email Address: luo@theochem.kth.se Augustsson, A. 1,3 Kashtanov, S. 2 Rubensson, J.-E. 3 Shuh, D. 4 Zhuang, V. 5 Ross, P. 5 Ågren, H. 2 Nordgren, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Royal Institute of Technology, Theoretical Chemistry, Teknikringen 36, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden  3: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Material Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p425; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alcohol-water mixtures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermolecular interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray emission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.094
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ibrahim, K.
AU  - Qian, H.J.
AU  - Abbas, M.I.
AU  - Su, R.
AU  - Wang, J.O.
AU  - Wu, Z.Y.
AU  - Mannella, N.
AU  - Fadley, C.S.
AU  - Lapeyre, G.J.
AU  - Baba, Y.
T1  - O 1s2p2p Auger decay in the Pr1-xSrxMnO3 (<F>x=0.0,0.3</F>) system with excitation energies from O K threshold through above Mn L edge
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 449
SN  - 03682048
AB  - We have measured the photon energy dependence of the O 1s2p2p Auger line at the O K threshold, below Mn L2,3 as well as well above the Mn L2,3-edge of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) manganites Pr1-xSrxMnO3 (PSMO) with <F>x=0.0</F> and <F>x=0.3</F> compositions. Experimental results show that the O 1s2p2p Auger peak splits and it can be best fitted to three component peaks. The relative intensity of the three peaks feature retain essentially similar values, in an experiment allowable error range of several percents, for both composition PSMO at O K threshold and below Mn L2,3 excitation, but the total intensity fluctuates that reflecting the final state effect characteristic feature. This situation further changes drastically at above Mn L2,3 excitation energy by increasing the total intensity of <F>x=0.3</F> system by a factor of four to that of <F>x=0.0</F>. These are discussed in terms of possible interatomic response and different valence band DOS for different PSMO compositions in the frame of covalent picture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - SPIN excitations
KW  - Auger decay
KW  - Covalency
KW  - Oxygen 1s photoionization
KW  - Perovskite
KW  - Photon energy dependence
N1  - Accession Number: 13328346; Ibrahim, K. 1; Email Address: kurash@mail.ihep.ac.cn Qian, H.J. 1 Abbas, M.I. 1 Su, R. 1 Wang, J.O. 1 Wu, Z.Y. 1 Mannella, N. 2,3 Fadley, C.S. 2,3 Lapeyre, G.J. 4 Baba, Y. 5; Affiliation:  1: Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China  2: Department of Physics, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Physics Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MO 59717, USA  5: Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p445; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: SPIN excitations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Auger decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Covalency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen 1s photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon energy dependence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.154
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kvashnina, K.O.
AU  - Butorin, S.M.
AU  - Nordgren, J.
AU  - Guo, J.-H.
AU  - Hjörvarsson, B.
T1  - Electronic structure of Gd hydrides studied by resonant Inelastic soft X-ray scattering
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 489
SN  - 03682048
AB  - Spectacular changes in the optical and electrical properties were recently discovered in metal–hydride films of yttrium and lanthanum near their metal–insulator transitions: the dihydrides are excellent metals and the trihydrides are insulators and transparent in the visible part of optical spectrum. Such changes are best described by a model based on negatively charged hydrogen (H-) ions. We have studied the electronic structure of the similar Gd–H system by X-ray Absorption and Resonant Inelastic Soft X-ray Scattering (RIXS) Spectroscopies. During our measurements we found charge transfer excitations, which produce charge-transfer satellite systems. These satellites result support the view that hydrogen is an electron acceptor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - Insulator
KW  - Lanthanum
KW  - Satellites
N1  - Accession Number: 13328353; Kvashnina, K.O. 1 Butorin, S.M. 1; Email Address: sergei.butorin@fysik.uu.se Nordgren, J. 1 Guo, J.-H. 2 Hjörvarsson, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, S-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Materials Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, S-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p487; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Satellites; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.077
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13328353&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, A.J.
AU  - van Buuren, T.
AU  - Willey, Trevor M.
AU  - Bostedt, C.
AU  - Adams, J.J.
AU  - Schaffers, K.I.
AU  - Terminello, Lou
AU  - Callcott, T.A.
T1  - Electronic structure of lanthanum calcium oxoborate LaCa4O(BO3)3
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 546
SN  - 03682048
AB  - Lanthanum calcium oxoborate (LaCOB) is a nonlinear optical (NLO) material that belongs to the calcium-rare-earth (R) oxoborate family, with general composition Ca4RO(BO3)3 (<F>R3+=La</F>, Sm, Gd, Lu, Y). X-ray photoemission, photoabsorption, and resonant fluorescence were applied to study the electronic structure of this material. High resolution photoemission measurements on the valence band (VB) electronic structure and La 3d and 4d, Ca 2p, B 1s, and O 1s core lines were used to evaluate the surface and near surface chemistry. Element specific density of unoccupied electronic states in LaCOB were probed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the La 3d (M4,5-edge), B 1s, and O 1s (K-edges) absorption edges. Soft X-ray fluorescence was used to further examine valence band states associated with spectral differences noted in the absorption measurements. These results provide the first measurements of the electronic structure and surface chemistry of this rare-earth oxoborate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Lanthanum calcium oxoborate
KW  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13328364; Nelson, A.J. 1; Email Address: nelson63@llnl.gov van Buuren, T. 1 Willey, Trevor M. 1 Bostedt, C. 1 Adams, J.J. 1 Schaffers, K.I. 1 Terminello, Lou 1 Callcott, T.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, 700 East Avenue L-370, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p541; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum calcium oxoborate; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.079
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roca, L.
AU  - Izquierdo, M.
AU  - Avila, J.
AU  - Gu, G.D.
AU  - Asensio, M.C.
T1  - Photon energy and polarization dependence of the Fermi surface in optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ superconductors
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 657
EP  - 661
SN  - 03682048
AB  - We report angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) from the Fermi energy (EF) around the <F>M=(π,0)</F> point of the reciprocal space using synchrotron radiation light, for different photon energies and in two different detection geometries. The data make a contribution on the issue of the presence of the band splitting in mono-domain single crystal of high Tc superconductor (HTSC) Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) optimally doped and the symmetry of the subbands. The energy and polarization dependences of the ARPES matrix elements help disentangle features coming from both subbands, too close to each other to be detected by simple ARPES. The matrix element influence on the photoemission intensity at the Fermi level, allows us to find the evidence of the band splitting, as well as to provide additional information about the symmetry of each subband. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Angle-resolved photoemission spectra
KW  - Fermi energy
KW  - Fermi level
N1  - Accession Number: 13328386; Roca, L. 1 Izquierdo, M. 1 Avila, J. 1 Gu, G.D. 2 Asensio, M.C. 1; Email Address: sensio@lure.u-psud.fr; Affiliation:  1: Centre Universitaire Paris Sud, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain & LURE, BP 34-91898 Orsay Cedex, France  2: Physics Department, Bldg. 510B, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY 11975-5000, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p657; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle-resolved photoemission spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi level; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.101
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13328386&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nambu, A.
AU  - Bussat, J.-M.
AU  - West, M.
AU  - Sell, B.C.
AU  - Watanabe, M.
AU  - Kay, A.W.
AU  - Mannella, N.
AU  - Ludewigt, B.A.
AU  - Press, M.
AU  - Turko, B.
AU  - Meddeler, G.
AU  - Zizka, G.
AU  - Spieler, H.
AU  - van der Lippe, H.
AU  - Denes, P.
AU  - Ohta, T.
AU  - Hussain, Z.
AU  - Fadley, C.S.
T1  - An ultrahigh-speed one-dimensional detector for use in synchrotron radiation spectroscopy: first photoemission results
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 691
EP  - 697
SN  - 03682048
AB  - We report on the design and construction of a next-generation, ultrahigh-speed, one-dimensional detector for electron and other spectroscopies, and discuss some first experimental results obtained with it. This detector is capable of recording spectra over 768 channels with ∼1.5 channels (∼75 μm) resolution and with good linearity up to countrates of >1 MHz per channel or >1 GHz overall. In first experiments with it, photoelectron spectra spanning several hundred channels of resolution have been obtained in as little as 50 ms; with future system improvements, this time should be reduced to 150 μs. The data obtained include rapid X-ray photoelectron diffraction scans and time-resolved core-level observations of a surface reaction process. This detector should open up several types of new experiment, including more rapid real-time observations of surface reaction kinetics by means of inner-shell spectroscopies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Fast XPD
KW  - High-speed detector
KW  - Multichannel detector
KW  - Surface reactions
KW  - Time-resolved XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 13328392; Nambu, A. 1; Email Address: nambu@chem.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp Bussat, J.-M. 2 West, M. 2 Sell, B.C. 2,3 Watanabe, M. 2,4 Kay, A.W. 2,3 Mannella, N. 2,3 Ludewigt, B.A. 2 Press, M. 2 Turko, B. 2 Meddeler, G. 2 Zizka, G. 2 Spieler, H. 2 van der Lippe, H. 2 Denes, P. 2 Ohta, T. 1 Hussain, Z. 2 Fadley, C.S. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, UC Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 94616 USA  4: RIKEN, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p691; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast XPD; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-speed detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multichannel detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time-resolved XPS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.156
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boukhvalov, D.W.
AU  - Kurmaev, E.Z.
AU  - Moewes, A.
AU  - Yablonskikh, M.V.
AU  - Chiuzbàian, S.
AU  - Galakhov, V.R.
AU  - Finkelstein, L.D.
AU  - Neumann, M.
AU  - Katsnelson, M.I.
AU  - Dobrovitski, V.V.
AU  - Lichtenstein, A.L.
T1  - Electron correlation effects in band structure of magnetic clusters Mn12 and Fe8
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
EP  - 739
SN  - 03682048
AB  - We present calculations of electronic structure and local magnetic moment of 3d metals in [Mn12O12(CH3COO)16(H2O)24]·2CH3COOH·4H2O and [(C6H15N3)6Fe8O2(OH)12]Br7(H2O)Br·8H2O, abbreviated Mn12 and Fe8Br8, respectively. The comparison of calculated and experimental soft X-ray spectra shows that p–d mixing is very sensitive to the value of the local Coulomb repulsion parameter U. This result is found to be in agreement with experimental resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectra (RIXS) and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), which have been used to study electron correlation effects in magnetic clusters. The O 2p–Me 3d separation found in the experiment, is well reproduced by LDA + U band structure calculations, which include on-site Coulomb interactions. The 3d metal L2,3 RIXS behaviour reflects the presence of the local magnetic moment and confirms the existence of the energy gap in the 3d band of the metal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ELECTRON configuration
KW  - COULOMB functions
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
KW  - Electron correlation effects
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Magnetic clusters
KW  - Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 13328398; Boukhvalov, D.W. 1,2 Kurmaev, E.Z. 1 Moewes, A. 3 Yablonskikh, M.V. 1,3 Chiuzbàian, S. 4 Galakhov, V.R. 1 Finkelstein, L.D. 1 Neumann, M. 4 Katsnelson, M.I. 1,5 Dobrovitski, V.V. 6 Lichtenstein, A.L. 7; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences-Ural Division, 620219 Yekaterinburg, Russia  2: Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany  3: Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, Sask., Canada S7N 5E2  4: Universität Osnabrück, Fachbereich Physik, D-49069 Osnabrück, Germany  5: Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden  6: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  7: University of Nijmegen, NL-6525, ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p735; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ELECTRON configuration; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron correlation effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13328398&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morin, C.
AU  - Hitchcock, A.P.
AU  - Cornelius, R.M.
AU  - Brash, J.L.
AU  - Urquhart, S.G.
AU  - Scholl, A.
AU  - Doran, A.
T1  - Selective adsorption of protein on polymer surfaces studied by soft X-ray photoemission electron microscopy
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 785
EP  - 794
SN  - 03682048
AB  - X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) using synchrotron radiation illumination in the C 1s, N 1s and O 1s regions has been used to characterize a phase segregated polystyrene/polymethylmethacrylate (PS/PMMA) polymer thin film, and to map the adsorption of fibrinogen (a blood plasma protein) on this surface from both isotonic, buffered, and low ionic strength, unbuffered aqueous solutions at varying fibrinogen concentrations. The concentration dependence of the coverage correlates with independent, non-spatially resolved measurements using <F>125I</F>-radiolabeled protein. At low concentrations (<0.1 mg/ml) of the buffered solution, adsorption of fibrinogen occurs with strong preference for PS domains. In contrast, adsorption from similar concentrations of unbuffered solution strongly prefers the interface of the PS and PMMA domains. Increasing the solution concentration up to 1 mg/ml of both buffered and unbuffered solutions leads progressively to full surface coverage (close-packed monolayer). These results demonstrate for the first time that X-PEEM with tunable soft X-rays has the sensitivity to locate and detect adsorbed proteins at the submonolayer level, while simultaneously detecting the spatial distribution of phases, and protein distribution relative to the phases, at the surface of an underlying microphase separated polymer substrate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Biomaterials
KW  - Photoemission electron microscopy
KW  - Polymer thin films
KW  - Polymethylmethacrylate blend
KW  - Polystyrene
KW  - Protein mapping
N1  - Accession Number: 13328405; Morin, C. 1 Hitchcock, A.P. 1; Email Address: aph@mcmaster.ca Cornelius, R.M. 1 Brash, J.L. 1 Urquhart, S.G. 2 Scholl, A. 3 Doran, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, BIMR, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ont., Canada L8S 4M1  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Sask., Canada S7N 5C9  3: Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p785; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomaterials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoemission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymethylmethacrylate blend; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polystyrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein mapping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.158
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13328405&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muramatsu, Yasuji
AU  - Tomizawa, Kana
AU  - Denlinger, Jonathan D.
AU  - Perera, Rupert C.C.
T1  - Soft X-ray emission spectroscopy of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 137-140
M3  - Article
SP  - 823
EP  - 826
SN  - 03682048
AB  - High-resolution CK X-ray emission spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were measured using synchrotron radiation. The main peak energies in the PAH X-ray spectra shifted to a higher energy region as the ratio of hydrogenated outer carbon atoms to the non-hydrogenated inner carbon atoms increased. Discrete variational (DV)-Xα molecular orbital calculations provided theoretical confirmation that the spectral features depend on the ratio of hydrogenated/non-hydrogenated carbon atoms, which suggests that the features around the main peaks provide the information of the degree of hydrogenation in PAH compounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - HIGH resolution spectroscopy
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Soft X-rays
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - X-ray emission
N1  - Accession Number: 13328412; Muramatsu, Yasuji 1,2 Tomizawa, Kana 2 Denlinger, Jonathan D. 3 Perera, Rupert C.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Kansai Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan  2: Faculty of Science, Himeji Institute of Technology, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan  3: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 137-140, p823; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic compounds; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: HIGH resolution spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray emission; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vass, Arpad A.
AU  - Smith, Rob R.
AU  - Thompson, Cyril V.
AU  - Burnett, Michael N.
AU  - Wolf, Dennis A.
AU  - Synstelian, Jennifer A.
AU  - Dulgerian, Nishan
AU  - Eckenrode, Brian A.
T1  - Decompositional Odor Analysis Database.
JO  - Journal of Forensic Sciences (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Journal of Forensic Sciences (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 49
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 760
EP  - 769
SN  - 00221198
AB  - Presents a study conducted at the University of Tennessee Anthropological Research Facility to establish the decompositional odor analysis database. Goal to develop a portable chemical sensor capable of detecting clandestine burial sites of human remains; Use of triple sorbent traps to collect air samples; Identification of an odor signature unique to human decomposition.
KW  - CHEMICAL detectors
KW  - ANTHROPOLOGICAL research
KW  - RESEARCH institutes
KW  - HUMAN remains (Archaeology)
KW  - CRIMINAL investigation
KW  - FORENSIC sciences
KW  - forensic science
KW  - human decomposition
KW  - odor analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13869518; Vass, Arpad A. 1 Smith, Rob R. 2 Thompson, Cyril V. 2 Burnett, Michael N. 2 Wolf, Dennis A. 3 Synstelian, Jennifer A. 4 Dulgerian, Nishan 5 Eckenrode, Brian A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Research Scientist, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Research Scientist, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Research Scientist, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge, TN  4: The University of Tennessee, Department of Antropology, Knoxville, TN  5: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Sr. Mechanical Engineer, Evidence Response Team Unit, Quantico, VA  6: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Research Chemist, Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, Quantico, VA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 49 Issue 4, p760; Subject Term: CHEMICAL detectors; Subject Term: ANTHROPOLOGICAL research; Subject Term: RESEARCH institutes; Subject Term: HUMAN remains (Archaeology); Subject Term: CRIMINAL investigation; Subject Term: FORENSIC sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: forensic science; Author-Supplied Keyword: human decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: odor analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 7 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bradbury, Andrew R.M.
AU  - Marks, James D.
T1  - Antibodies from phage antibody libraries
JO  - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 290
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 49
SN  - 00221759
KW  - Antibodies
KW  - Antibody
KW  - Phage
N1  - Accession Number: 13806836; Bradbury, Andrew R.M. 1; Email Address: amb@lanl.gov Marks, James D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, TA-43, HRL-1, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Anaesthesia 3s50, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 290 Issue 1/2, p29; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibodies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antibody; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phage; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jim.2004.04.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13806836&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feldhaus, Michael J.
AU  - Siegel, Robert W.
T1  - Yeast display of antibody fragments: a discovery and characterization platform
JO  - Journal of Immunological Methods
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 290
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 80
SN  - 00221759
AB  - Yeast display of antibody fragments has proven to be an efficient and productive means for directed evolution of single-chain Fv (scFv) antibodies for increased affinity and thermal stability and, more recently, for the display and screening of a non-immune scFv and immune Fab libraries. A major strength of yeast display as a novel antibody discovery platform is the ability to characterize the binding properties, i.e., the affinity and epitope binding characteristics, of a clone without the need for subcloning, expression and purification of the scFv. This review focuses on novel attributes of yeast display for antibody engineering endeavors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Immunological Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YEAST
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - CYTOMETRY
KW  - IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - scFv library
KW  - Yeast display
N1  - Accession Number: 13806838; Feldhaus, Michael J.; Email Address: michael.feldhaus@pnl.gov Siegel, Robert W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN:K4-12, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 290 Issue 1/2, p69; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: CYTOMETRY; Subject Term: IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flow cytometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: scFv library; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yeast display; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jim.2004.04.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meriles, Carlos A.
AU  - Sakellariou, Dimitris
AU  - Moulé, Adam
AU  - Goldman, Maurice
AU  - Budinger, Thomas F.
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - High-resolution NMR of static samples by rotation of the magnetic field
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 169
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 18
SN  - 10907807
AB  - Mechanical rotation of a sample at 54.7° with respect to the static magnetic field, so-called magic-angle spinning (MAS), is currently a routine procedure in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The technique enhances the spectral resolution by averaging away anisotropic spin interactions thereby producing isotropic-like spectra with resolved chemical shifts and scalar couplings. It should be possible to induce similar effects in a static sample if the direction of the magnetic field is varied, e.g., magic-angle rotation of the B0 field (B0-MAS). Here, this principle is experimentally demonstrated in a static sample of solid hyperpolarized xenon at ∼3.4 mT. By extension to moderately high fields, it is possible to foresee interesting applications in situations where physical manipulation of the sample is inconvenient or impossible. Such situations are expected to arise in many cases from materials to biomedicine and are particularly relevant to the novel approach of ex situ NMR spectroscopy and imaging. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH resolution spectroscopy
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - B0-MAS
KW  - Coherent averaging
KW  - Field spinning
KW  - High-resolution
KW  - Hyperpolarized xenon
KW  - Magic angle field rotation
KW  - Rotating field
N1  - Accession Number: 13289285; Meriles, Carlos A. 1,2 Sakellariou, Dimitris 1,2 Moulé, Adam 1,2 Goldman, Maurice 3 Budinger, Thomas F. 2 Pines, Alexander 1,2; Email Address: Pines@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Materials Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: CEA, Saclay, DSM/DRECAM/Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 169 Issue 1, p13; Subject Term: HIGH resolution spectroscopy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: B0-MAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent averaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperpolarized xenon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magic angle field rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotating field; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.03.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beleggia, M.
AU  - Tandon, S.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - De Graef, M.
T1  - On the magnetostatic interactions between nanoparticles of arbitrary shape
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 278
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 270
EP  - 284
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The general expression for the magnetostatic energy of two magnetized nanoparticles with arbitrary shape and magnetization state is derived within the framework of a Fourier space approach. It is shown how the standard dipole–dipole interaction, valid for large interparticle distances, should be modified in order to take into account the shape anisotropy of each particle. Explicit computations are given for a simple system of two interacting cylinders. For magnetic nanowires, i.e., cylinders with a very large aspect ratio, a simple derivation shows that the interaction is of monopolar, rather than dipolar, nature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Dipolar interaction
KW  - Magnetic nanowires
KW  - Magnetostatic energy
KW  - Monopolar interaction
KW  - Shape amplitude
N1  - Accession Number: 13291230; Beleggia, M. 1 Tandon, S. 2 Zhu, Y. 1 De Graef, M. 2; Email Address: degraef@cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 278 Issue 1/2, p270; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipolar interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic nanowires; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetostatic energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monopolar interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape amplitude; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.1314
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zun Chen
AU  - Trice, Rodney W.
AU  - Besser, M.
AU  - Xiaoyun Yang
AU  - Sordelet, D.
T1  - Air-plasma spraying colloidal solutions of nanosized ceramic powders.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 39
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 4171
EP  - 4178
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Coatings prepared from nanosized powders were obtained by spraying ethanol-based colloidal solutions into a plasma plume. The powders investigated included 40 nm γ-A12O3, 75 nm 8 wt% Y2O3-ZrO2, and 750 nm 25 wt% CeO2-ZrO2. Spray distances from approximately 50 to 63 mm were required to achieve significant coating deposition. As observed in the TEM, the typical lamelIa morphology of air plasma sprayed oxide coatings was not observed in coatings fabricated from 40 nm γ-Al2O3, which was comprised of spherical powders that had partially sintered. However, lamellae were observed in the coatings prepared with both nanosized zirconia powders. The characteristic size of the lamella and the grains that comprised the zirconia coatings were nominally a few nanometers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMIC powders
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - PLASMA spraying
KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - SURFACE coatings
N1  - Accession Number: 15103487; Zun Chen 1 Trice, Rodney W. 1; Email Address: rtrice@ecn.purdue.edu Besser, M. 2 Xiaoyun Yang 2 Sordelet, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University  2: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 39 Issue 13, p4171; Subject Term: CERAMIC powders; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: PLASMA spraying; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Showalter, R.E.
AU  - Visarraga, D.B.
T1  - Double-diffusion models from a highly-heterogeneous medium
JO  - Journal of Mathematical Analysis & Applications
JF  - Journal of Mathematical Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 295
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 210
SN  - 0022247X
AB  - A distributed microstructure model is obtained by homogenization from an exact micro-model with continuous temperature and flux for heat diffusion through a periodically distributed highly-heterogeneous medium. This composite medium consists of two flow regions separated by a third region which forms the doubly-porous matrix structure. The homogenized system recognizes the multiple scale processes and the microscale geometry of the local structure, and it quantifies the distributed heat exchange across the internal boundaries. The classical double-diffusion models of Rubinstein (1948) and Barenblatt (1960) are obtained in non-isotropic form for the special case of quasi-static coupling in this homogenized system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Mathematical Analysis & Applications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - Distributed microstructure model
KW  - Double-diffusion model
KW  - Homogenization
KW  - Mathematical modeling
KW  - Two scale convergence
N1  - Accession Number: 13289240; Showalter, R.E. 1; Email Address: show@math.oregonstate.edu Visarraga, D.B. 2; Email Address: darrin@math.utexas.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Energy and Environmental Analysis (D-4), MS F604, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 295 Issue 1, p191; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed microstructure model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-diffusion model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homogenization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two scale convergence; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmaa.2004.03.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joy, D.C.
AU  - Prasad, M.S.
AU  - Meyer III, H.M.
T1  - Experimental secondary electron spectra under SEM conditions.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 215
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 85
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - Secondary electron spectra have been collected from both pure elements and from compounds examined under conditions approximating those found in a scanning electron microscope. Despite the presence of substantial surface contamination these spectra are found to be reproducible and characteristic of the underlying material. Typically the peak in such spectra is found to be at an energy of about 5 eV, and 50% of the total secondary electron emission falls within the range 0–12 eV. These data may be of value for the design of detectors for scanning microscopy and might have applications for microanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Electron spectroscopy
KW  - microanalysis
KW  - secondary electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 13604437; Joy, D.C. 1,2; Email Address: djoy@utk.edu Prasad, M.S. 1 Meyer III, H.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 215 Issue 1, p77; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopes; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: microanalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: secondary electrons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0022-2720.2004.01345.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meyer, Benjamin
AU  - Borsa, Ferdinando
AU  - Martin, Steve W.
T1  - Structure and properties of lithium thio-boro-germanate glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 337
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
EP  - 173
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Structural studies of the ternary xLi2S + (1 - x)[0.5B2S3 + 0.5GeS2] glasses using IR, Raman, and 11B NMR show that the Li2S is not shared proportionately between the GeS2 and B2S3 sub-networks of the glass. The IR spectra indicate that the B2S3 glass network is under-doped in comparison to the corresponding composition in the xLi2S + (1 - x)B2S3 binary system. Additionally, the Raman spectra show that the GeS2 glass network is over-modified. Surprisingly, however, the 11Boron static NMR gives evidence that ∼80% of the boron atoms are in tetrahedral coordinated. A super macro tetrahedron, B10S18-6 is proposed as one of the structures in these glasses in which can account for the apparent low fraction of Li2S present in the B2S3 sub-network while at the same time enabling the high fraction of tetrahedral borons in the glass. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - GLASS
KW  - TETRAHEDRAL coordinates
KW  - BORON
N1  - Accession Number: 13388943; Meyer, Benjamin 1,2 Borsa, Ferdinando 2 Martin, Steve W. 1; Email Address: swmartin@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University of Science & Technology, 2322 Howe Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 337 Issue 2, p166; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: TETRAHEDRAL coordinates; Subject Term: BORON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.116
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singh, B.N.
AU  - Golubov, S.I.
AU  - Trinkaus, H.
AU  - Edwards, D.J.
AU  - Eldrup, M.
T1  - Review: Evolution of stacking fault tetrahedra and its role in defect accumulation under cascade damage conditions
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 328
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 87
SN  - 00223115
AB  - In order to help understand the evolution of stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs) in a cascade producing irradiation environment, the available information on the behaviour of SFTs observed under different experimental conditions has been briefly reviewed. Effects of thermal annealing and irradiations on the stability of pre-existing SFTs produced by quenching and aging are also included in the review. Some results on the effects of thermal annealing of irradiation-induced SFTs are presented and discussed. The analysis of these observations leads to three significant conclusions: (a) during irradiation SFTs produced in the cascades are likely to interact with vacancies, self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) and SIA clusters, (b) interaction with SIAs and their clusters may cause both shrinkage and transformation of SFTs into Frank loops and (c) both during irradiation and annealing the lifetime of SFTs is determined not only by their thermal stability but also by their stability against transformation to loops. These facts must be taken into account in the theoretical treatments of damage accumulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TETRAHEDRA
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - BEHAVIOR
KW  - POLYHEDRA
N1  - Accession Number: 13563550; Singh, B.N. 1; Email Address: bachu.singh@risoe.dk Golubov, S.I. 2 Trinkaus, H. 3 Edwards, D.J. 4 Eldrup, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Research, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN-37831-6138, USA  3: Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Festkörperforschung, D-52425 Jülich, Germany  4: Materials Structure and Performance Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 328 Issue 2/3, p77; Subject Term: TETRAHEDRA; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: BEHAVIOR; Subject Term: POLYHEDRA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.05.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Allen L.
AU  - Parsons, Denise
AU  - Manzerova, Julia
AU  - Perry, Dale L.
AU  - Koury, Dan
AU  - Hosterman, Brian
AU  - Farley, John W.
T1  - Spectroscopic and microscopic investigation of the corrosion of 316/316L stainless steel by lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) at elevated temperatures: importance of surface preparation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 328
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
EP  - 96
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The corrosion of steel by lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) is an important issue in proposed nuclear transmutation schemes. Russian scientists at the IPPE exposed steel samples to oxygen-controlled LBE at temperatures up to 823 K and exposure times up to 3000 h. We have characterized these post-exposure steel samples and unexposed controls, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Previous researchers have investigated the corrosion by LBE of steel of varying composition. In the present work, we compared two samples having the same composition (standard nuclear grade 316/316L) but different surface preparation: a cold-rolled sample was compared with an annealed sample. The cold-rolled sample had an order of magnitude less corrosion (i.e., both lower oxidation and less weight change) than the annealed sample. Sputter depth profiling of the exposed annealed sample and cold-rolled sample showed a marked difference in oxide layer composition between the annealed and cold-rolled samples. The annealed sample showed a complex oxide structure (iron oxide over chromium/iron oxide mixtures) of tens of microns thickness, while the cold-rolled sample was covered with a rather simple, primarily chromium oxide layer of ∼1 μm thickness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13563551; Johnson, Allen L. 1; Email Address: aljohnson@ccmail.nevada.edu Parsons, Denise 1 Manzerova, Julia 1 Perry, Dale L. 2 Koury, Dan 3 Hosterman, Brian 3 Farley, John W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, P.O. Box 4003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA  2: Mail Stop 70A-1150, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, P.O. Box 4002, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4002, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 328 Issue 2/3, p88; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.03.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Surh, Michael P.
AU  - Sturgeon, J.B.
AU  - Wolfer, W.G.
T1  - Vacancy cluster evolution and swelling in irradiated 316 stainless steel
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 328
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
EP  - 114
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A recently developed master equation and Fokker–Planck method for cluster-nucleation and growth simulations is applied to a model of impurity-free type-316 stainless steel under irradiation. The evolution of the void size distribution is treated in full generality, although the dislocation density is held constant versus time and temperature. The simulations reproduce several observed characteristics of irradiation swelling, involving a brief incubation delay followed by quasi-steady swelling. The predicted incubation period shows a clear dose-rate response – lower irradiation flux requires less total fluence to complete the incubation process. This trend is consistent with some recent experimental reports. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - STEEL
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13563554; Surh, Michael P. 1 Sturgeon, J.B.; Email Address: sturgeon2@llnl.gov Wolfer, W.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, L-353, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 328 Issue 2/3, p107; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: STEEL; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.03.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farr, J. Douglas
AU  - Schulze, Roland K.
AU  - Neu, Mary P.
T1  - Surface chemistry of Pu oxides
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 328
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
EP  - 136
SN  - 00223115
AB  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to examine the surface chemistry of a variety of Pu(IV) compounds, including PuO2 and Pu(OH)4. The Pu 4f, O 1s and C 1s binding energy regions were line shape fit to unequivocally demonstrate that multiple species are present. Surface hydroxyls were ubiquitous in all PuO2 samples exposed to H2O vapor or ambient air, and persisted with heating to 590 °C. Active surface sites for the reaction of H2O and other small molecules and spectral features consistent with pure stoichiometric PuO2 can be regenerated by thermal energy or by effects of a radiation field. Evidence of higher valence Pu species was observed in some treated samples with the formula PuO2+x. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
N1  - Accession Number: 13563556; Farr, J. Douglas; Email Address: d.farr@lanl.gov Schulze, Roland K. 1 Neu, Mary P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS G721, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87455, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 328 Issue 2/3, p124; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, Gerry O.
T1  - Estimating Service Lives of Organic Vapor Cartridges II: A Single Vapor at All Humidities.
JO  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
JF  - Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 1
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 472
EP  - 492
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 15459624
AB  - A widely used equation model for estimating service lives of organic vapor air-purifying respirator cartridges has been updated with more recent research results. It has been expanded to account for effects of high relative humidities. Adsorption capacity competition between water vapor and organic vapor is largely explained by mutual exclusion of adsorption volume of the activated carbon. The Dubinin/Radushkevich equation is used to describe the adsorption isotherms of both water and organic vapors. Effects of relative humidity and adsorbed water on adsorption rates are described by an empirical correlation with breakthrough times. The dynamic natures of adsorption and competition are incorporated using an expanding zone model with displaced water rollup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air -- Purification
KW  - Humidity
KW  - Vapors
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Respirators (Medical equipment)
KW  - Service life (Engineering)
KW  - cartridge
KW  - humidity
KW  - organic vapor
N1  - Accession Number: 13824292; Wood, Gerry O. 1; Email Address: gerry@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Industrial Hygiene and Safety Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 1 Issue 7, p472; Thesaurus Term: Air -- Purification; Thesaurus Term: Humidity; Thesaurus Term: Vapors; Thesaurus Term: Air quality management; Subject Term: Respirators (Medical equipment); Subject Term: Service life (Engineering); Author-Supplied Keyword: cartridge; Author-Supplied Keyword: humidity; Author-Supplied Keyword: organic vapor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334510 Electromedical and Electrotherapeutic Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giesbrecht, Garth R.
AU  - Collis, Gavin E.
AU  - Gordon, John C.
AU  - Clark, David L.
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Hardman, Ned J.
T1  - Mono-cyclopentadienyl complexes of lanthanum: synthesis and characterization of anilido derivatives
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 689
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2177
EP  - 2185
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - Use of the bulky cyclopentadienyl ligand [<f>η5</f>-C5H2(SiMe3)3-1,2,4]- (Cp<f>‴</f>) allows for the isolation of monomeric, mono-ring lanthanide species. As previously reported, (Cp<f>‴</f>)K reacts with LaI3(THF)4 (THF=tetrahydrofuran) in THF/pyridine to form the mono-ring complex (Cp<f>‴</f>)LaI2(py)3 (1) (py=pyridine); a minor product of this reaction is the bis-ring species (Cp<f>‴</f>)2LaI(py) (2). The solid state structure of 2 reveals a monomeric compound containing a pseudo-tetrahedral metal center exhibiting no unusual intramolecular contacts. Addition of one equiv of KNHAr (Ar=2,6-iPr2C6H3) to complex 1 in THF generates the mono-anilido compound (Cp<f>‴</f>)LaI(NHAr)(THF)2 (3), which may be converted to the more stable pyridine adduct (Cp<f>‴</f>)LaI(NHAr)(py)2 (4) by the addition of pyridine to 3. An X-ray crystal structure of 3 indicated a trigonal bipyramidal metal center with the anilido group oriented trans to the iodide atom (N1–La1–I1=123.1(3)°). A structural study on the bis-pyridine adduct 4 revealed a similar <f>Cs</f>-symmetric structure with a slightly increased Nanilido–La–I angle of 132.1(2)°. Addition of KNHAr to the di-iodo bipyridine adduct (Cp<f>‴</f>)LaI2(bipy)(py) (5), in which the two iodide atoms are cis-disposed, yields the mono-anilido complex (Cp<f>‴</f>)LaI(NHAr)(bipy)(py) (6) (bipy=2,2<f>′</f>-bipyridine); this compound may also be prepared by the addition of bipy to (Cp<f>‴</f>)LaI(NHAr)(py)2 (4). An X-ray diffraction study shows that the lanthanum center in 6 is octahedrally coordinated by a Cp<f>‴</f> ring, an iodide, an anilido group, a pyridine molecule and two nitrogens of a bipy molecule. In this case, the anilido moiety and the iodide ligand are arranged in a cis fashion (Nanilido–La–I=111.2(2)°), resulting in a complex with <f>C1</f> symmetry. Both (Cp<f>‴</f>)LaI(NHAr)(py)2 (4) and (Cp<f>‴</f>)LaI(NHAr)(bipy)(py) (6) are inactive as catalysts for the hydroamination/cyclization of 2-amino-hex-5-ene. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCRIMINE
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - TETRAHYDROFURAN
KW  - Anilido
KW  - Bulky cyclopentadienyl
KW  - Lanthanum
N1  - Accession Number: 13236685; Giesbrecht, Garth R.; Email Address: garth@lanl.gov Collis, Gavin E. 1 Gordon, John C. 1 Clark, David L. 1 Scott, Brian L. 1 Hardman, Ned J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Materials Technology (NMT) Division, Chemistry (C) Division and the Glenn T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mailstop J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 689 Issue 13, p2177; Subject Term: CYCRIMINE; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: TETRAHYDROFURAN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anilido; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bulky cyclopentadienyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.03.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian
AU  - K.
T1  - Nonrigid Group Theory, Tunneling Splittings, and Nuclear Spin Statistics of Water Pentamer:  (H2O)5.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 108
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5527
EP  - 5536
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The character table of the fully nonrigid water pentamer, (H2O)5, is derived for the first time. The group of all feasible permutations is the wreath product group S5[S2] and it consists of 3840 operations divided into 36 conjugacy classes and irreducible representations. We have shown that the full character table can be constructed using elegant matrix type generator algebra. The character table has been applied to the water pentamer by obtaining the nuclear spin statistical weights of the rovibronic levels and tunneling splittings of the fully nonrigid pentamer. We have also obtained the statistical weights and tunneling splittings of a semirigid deuterated pentamer that exhibits pseudorotation with an averaged C5h (G10) symmetry used in the assignment of vibration-rotation-tunneling spectra. It is also shown that the previously considered group G320 for water pentamer of feasible permutations is a subgroup of the full group and is the direct product of wreath product C5[S2] and the inversion group. The correlation tables have been constructed for the semirigid (G10) to nonrigid (G3840) groups for the rotational levels and tunneling levels. The nuclear spin statistical weights have also been derived for both the limits and through the use of subduced representations the corresponding information can be obtained for G(320) as well from G(3840). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - MATHEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14594161; Balasubramanian K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing, University of California Davis, Livermore, California 94550, University of California, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, and Glenn T Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 26, p5527; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krasnoperov
AU  - L. N.
AU  - Michael
AU  - J. V.
T1  - Shock Tube Studies Using a Novel Multipass Absorption Cell:  Rate Constant Results For OH + H2 and OH + C2H6.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 108
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5643
EP  - 5648
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The reflected shock tube technique with a novel multipass absorption spectrometric detection method has been used to study two OH-radical reactions:  OH + H2 → H2O + H (1), and OH + C2H6 → H2O + C2H5 (2). Reaction 1 was chosen in order to test the method against earlier rate constant determinations. The measurements on both reactions were performed in single-shot experiments with low initial concentrations of hydroxyl radicals, [OH]0 = (5-15) × 1012 molecule cm-3, which allowed reliable isolation of the elementary reactions. The measured rate constants are:  k1 = 5.44 × 10-11 exp(-3220 K/T) (832-1359 K), and k2 = 1.10 × 10-10 exp(-2537 K/T) (822-1367 K), both in cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The present study extends the experimental T-range for reaction 2. This new work and earlier lower-T studies have been combined to give a new evaluation, k2 = 2.68 × 10-18 (T/K)2.224 exp(-373 K/T) cm3 molecule-1 s-1. An ab initio potential energy surface was additionally used to derive a theoretical expression for this reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK tubes
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - HYDROXYL group
KW  - BALLISTIC ranges
N1  - Accession Number: 14594174; Krasnoperov L. N. 1 Michael J. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 26, p5643; Subject Term: SHOCK tubes; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: HYDROXYL group; Subject Term: BALLISTIC ranges; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi
AU  - S. H.
AU  - Wood
AU  - B. R.
AU  - Bell
AU  - A. T.
AU  - Janicke
AU  - M. T.
AU  - Ott
AU  - K. C.
T1  - X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Analysis of the Local Environment of Fe in Fe/Al-MFI.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 108
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8970
EP  - 8975
SN  - 15206106
AB  - An MFI zeolite framework containing iron and aluminum has been prepared and characterized by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis indicates that in the as-prepared zeolite Fe is present in the framework but migrates to extraframework sites upon thermal activation at elevated temperature. In the absence of framework Al, Fe forms small particles of Fe3O4. When Al is included in the zeolite, extraframework Fe associates with framework Al in a manner identical to that observed in Fe-exchanged H-ZSM-5. Therefore, the presence of framework Al in the MFI structure plays a critical role in stabilizing atomically dispersed Fe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14594221; Choi S. H. 1 Wood B. R. 1 Bell A. T. 1 Janicke M. T. 1 Ott K. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, and Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 26, p8970; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dimitrijevic
AU  - N. M.
AU  - Rajh
AU  - T.
AU  - Saponjic
AU  - Z. V.
AU  - de la Garza
AU  - L.
AU  - Tiede
AU  - D. M.
T1  - Light-Induced Charge Separation and Redox Chemistry at the Surface of TiO2/Host-Guest Hybrid Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 108
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 9105
EP  - 9110
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The photoinduced charge transfer between guest molecules and hybrid TiO2/cyclodextrin nanoparticles was studied using low-temperature EPR and cyclic voltammetry. The photoexcitation of TiO2 at 4.6 K yields to the localization of valence band holes at carboxyl groups of surface-conjugated cyclodextrin and conduction band electrons at lattice Ti atoms. The presence of 1-adamantanol in the cyclodextrin cavity does not affect charge separation and trapping because of its unfavorable oxidation potential. However, when ferrocenemethanol (Eox = 0.52 V vs NHE) was used as the guest molecule the formation of ferrocenium cation was observed, revealing electron transfer from guest molecules to TiO2 nanoparticles. This results in dissociation of the host-guest assembly because of repulsion of the charged ion from the hydrophobic cavity of cyclodextrin into the bulk of the aqueous solution and consequently leads to efficient charge separation and redox chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - CYCLODEXTRINS
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14594239; Dimitrijevic N. M. 1 Rajh T. 1 Saponjic Z. V. 1 de la Garza L. 1 Tiede D. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 26, p9105; Subject Term: CYCLODEXTRINS; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tavares
AU  - F. W.
AU  - Bratko
AU  - D.
AU  - Blanch
AU  - H. W.
AU  - Prausnitz
AU  - J. M.
T1  - Ion-Specific Effects in the Colloid-Colloid or Protein-Protein Potential of Mean Force:  Role of Salt-Macroion van der Waals Interactions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 108
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 9228
EP  - 9235
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In an aqueous electrolyte solution, the potential of mean force (PMF) for two macroions is affected not only by the size and charge of each electrolyte ion but also by the ion's polarizability. The Lifshitz theory provides a basis for calculating the van der Waals interaction between cation-colloid, anion-colloid, cation-cation, and anion-anion pairs. Monte Carlo simulations are used to determine how salt identity affects the PMF between colloidal particles or globular proteins in a saline solution, a phenomenon observed experimentally by Hofmeister for aqueous proteins more than 100 years ago. The calculations show that the PMF and, hence, solution phase behavior are sensitive to the van der Waals interaction between an ion and a macroion. The calculations described here may be useful for interpretation of experimental phase diagrams and for guiding design of separation processes where a salt is used to induce colloid or protein precipitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14594255; Tavares F. W. 1 Bratko D. 1 Blanch H. W. 1 Prausnitz J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 26, p9228; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Connolley, W. M.
AU  - Gregory, J. M.
AU  - Hunke, E.
AU  - McLaren, A. J.
T1  - On the Consistent Scaling of Terms in the Sea-Ice Dynamics Equation.
JO  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
JF  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 34
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1776
EP  - 1780
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00223670
AB  - The standard way in which the sea-ice dynamics equation is used in models assumes that the wind stress and ocean drag do not depend on the sea-ice concentration. It is demonstrated that this assumption is inconsistent with the free-drift limit, and how great an effect it has in practice is examined. By examining the momentum balance in the free-drift limit, the authors determine the proper area scaling for the forcing terms, thereby obtaining a more accurate solution, particularly in low-ice-concentration regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sea ice
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Icebergs
KW  - Marine sciences
KW  - Physical geography
KW  - Research
N1  - Accession Number: 13855875; Connolley, W. M. 1; Email Address: wmc@bas.ac.uk; Gregory, J. M. 2,3; Hunke, E. 4; McLaren, A. J. 2; Affiliations: 1: British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 2: Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom; 3: Centre for Global Atmospheric Modelling, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; 4: T-3 Fluid Dynamics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p1776; Thesaurus Term: Sea ice; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; Thesaurus Term: Icebergs; Thesaurus Term: Marine sciences; Thesaurus Term: Physical geography; Thesaurus Term: Research; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Ice, Gene E.
T1  - Cullie Sparks, 1929-2004.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 303
EP  - 303
SN  - 09090495
AB  - Presents an obituary for Cullie Sparks, a pioneer in synchrotron radiation research, who died on March 19, 2004.
KW  - SPARKS, Cullie
N1  - Accession Number: 13951079; Ice, Gene E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p303; People: SPARKS, Cullie; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Obituary
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiansheng Jiang
AU  - Sweet, Robert M.
T1  - Protein Data Bank depositions from synchrotron sources.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 327
SN  - 09090495
AB  - A survey and analysis of Protein Data Bank (PDB) depositions from international synchrotron radiation facilities, based on the latest released PDB entries, are reported. The results (http://asdp.bnl.gov/ asda/Libraries/) show that worldwide, every year since 1999, more than 50% of the deposited X-ray structures have used synchrotron facilities, reaching 75% by 2003. In this web-based database, all PDB entries among individual synchrotron beamlines are archived, synchronized with the weekly PDB release. Statistics regarding the quality of experimental data and the refined model for all structures are presented, and these are analysed to reflect the impact of synchrotron sources. The results confirm the common impression that synchrotron sources extend the size of structures that can be solved with equivalent or better quality than home sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ONLINE databases
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - PDB deposition
KW  - structural genomics
KW  - synchrotron radiation facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 13951083; Jiansheng Jiang 1; Email Address: jiang@bnl.gov Sweet, Robert M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory,  USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p319; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ONLINE databases; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDB deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: structural genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchrotron radiation facilities; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 9 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049504013792
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X.-G.
AU  - Simpson Jr., W. A.
AU  - Vitek, J. M.
AU  - Barnard, D. J.
AU  - Tweed, L. J.
AU  - Foley, J.
T1  - Ultrasonic attenuation due to grain boundary scattering in copper and copper-aluminum.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 116
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 116
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Ultrasonic attenuation in copper and copper-aluminum samples is measured as a function of frequency and average grain size. At low frequencies the attenuation scales quadratically with the frequency and linearly with average grain size. In addition, there is a large difference in attenuation between powder metallurgy samples and cast-and-wrought samples, although their qualitative behaviors are similar both in terms of frequency dependence and grain size dependence. Such difference and the discrepancy with the existing theory may point to mechanisms of scattering by grain boundaries that are not included in the current theoretical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASONICS
KW  - ATTENUATION (Physics)
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - WROUGHT iron
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
N1  - Accession Number: 20818796; Zhang, X.-G. 1 Simpson Jr., W. A. 1 Vitek, J. M. 1 Barnard, D. J. 2 Tweed, L. J. 2 Foley, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6164  2: Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 116 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: ULTRASONICS; Subject Term: ATTENUATION (Physics); Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: WROUGHT iron; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1744752
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borglin, Sharon E.
AU  - Hazen, Terry C.
AU  - Oldenburg, Curtis M.
AU  - Zawislanski, Peter T.
T1  - Comparison of Aerobic and Anaerobic Biotreatment of Municipal Solid Waste.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 54
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 815
EP  - 822
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 10962247
AB  - To increase the operating lifetime of landfills and to lower leachate treatment costs, an increasing number of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are being managed as either aerobic or anaerobic bioreactors. Landfill gas composition, respiration rates, and subsidence were measured for 400 days in 200-L tanks filled with fresh waste materials to compare the relative effectiveness of the two treatments. Tanks were prepared to provide the following conditions: (1) air injection and leachate recirculation (aerobic), (2) leachate recirculation (anaerobic), and (3) no treatment (anaerobic). Respiration tests on the aerobic wet tank showed a steady decrease in oxygen consumption rates from 1.3 mol/day at 20 days to 0.1 mol/day at 400 days. Aerobic wet tanks produced, on average, 6 mol of carbon dioxide (CO2)/kg of MSW as compared with anaerobic wet tanks, which produced 2.2 mol methane/ kg of MSW and 2.0 mol CO2/kg methane. Over the test period, the aerobic tanks settled on average 35%, anaerobic tanks settled 21.7%, and the no-treatment tank settled 7.5%, equivalent to overall mass loss in the corresponding reactors. Aerobic tanks reduced stabilization time and produced negligible odor compared with anaerobic tanks, possibly because of the 2 orders of magnitude lower leachate ammonia levels in the aerobic tank. Both treatment regimes provide the opportunity for disposal and remediation of liquid waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Landfills
KW  - Bioreactors
KW  - Methane
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Tanks
KW  - Chemical reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 13674926; Borglin, Sharon E. 1; Email Address: seborglin@lbl.gov; Hazen, Terry C. 1; Oldenburg, Curtis M. 1; Zawislanski, Peter T. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; 2: LFR Levine-Fricke, Emeryville, California; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 54 Issue 7, p815; Thesaurus Term: Landfills; Thesaurus Term: Bioreactors; Thesaurus Term: Methane; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Tanks; Subject Term: Chemical reactors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562212 Solid Waste Landfill; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becher, Paul F.
AU  - Ferber, M. K.
AU  - Rouxel, T.
T1  - Temperature-Dependent Viscosity of SiREAl-Based Glasses as a Function of INI:O and RE:AI Ratios (RE = La, Gd, Y, and Lu).
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 87
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1274
EP  - 1279
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Tailoring glass compositions can raise the viscosity of SiREAl oxynitride glasses. In the present study, viscosity data are obtained by determining the compressive creep response of bulk glasses in air. The findings reveal that increasing both the nitrogen-to-oxygen and the yttrium-to-aluminum ratios of the glasses shifts the glass viscosity to higher temperatures. In addition, the substitution of progressively smaller rare earths in the glass composition results in a further increase in the glass viscosity. These effects have important implications in the creep resistance of silicon nitride ceramics where the amorphous intergranular films are a major factor in creep resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - BUILDING materials
N1  - Accession Number: 13918572; Becher, Paul F. 1 Ferber, M. K. 1 Rouxel, T.; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6068; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 87 Issue 7, p1274; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rager, J.
AU  - Zipperle, M.
AU  - Sharma, A.
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.
AU  - Roth, R. S.
T1  - Oxygen Stoichiometry in Sr2FeMoO6, the Determination of Fe and Mo Valence States, and the Chemical Phase Diagram of SrO-Fe3O4--MoO3.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 87
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1330
EP  - 1335
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Phase diagram studies of the system SrO-Fe3O4-MoO3 were undertaken in Ar/l% H2 at 1200°C with particular emphasis on the region near Sr2FeMoO6 (SFMO). We find that Sr2FeMoO6 is not a point compound but is part of the Sr2+zFe2-xMoxOy solid solution region. The oxygen stoichiometry, y, in Sr2Fe2-xMoxOy was also determined across the solid solution region. Using the experimental data and by invoking a substitution model based on preferential substitution of similar ionic radii for Mo ions on the Fe ion sites, it was possible, for the first time, to calculate the individual Fe and Mo valence states in the substituted samples. In Ar/1% H2 at 1200°C, Fe2+/Fe3+ and Mo5+/Mo6+ are present in Sr2Fe2-xMoxOy. With increasing Mo substitution, the amount of Fe3+ decreases. In the ideal Sr2FeMoO6 composition, we predict the amounts of Fe2+, Fe3+, Mo5+, and Mo6+ to be equal. In Ar/1% H2 at 1200°C, there is a predominance of Mo5+ in Sr2FeMoOy because the oxygen stoichiometry, y, in SFMO has a value of only 5.8. Hence such processing conditions are too reducing. The work predicts the processing conditions for optimizing film and bulk properties, as well as explaining why there is a wide variability of reported sample properties in the literature. To optimize the magnetoresistive properties of Sr2FeMoO6, it is critical (a) to carefully select the correct annealing atmosphere to obtain oxygen stoichiometric Sr2FeMoO6 and (b) to control cation composition; otherwise nonstoichiometric Sr2Fe2-xMoxOy will form instead of Sr2FeMoO6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - HOLMIUM
KW  - YTTRIUM
KW  - DYSPROSIUM
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - SOLID solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 13918634; Rager, J. 1,2 Zipperle, M. 2 Sharma, A. 1 MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. 3,4 Roth, R. S.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, Imperial College, London, SW7 2BP, United Kingdom  2: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Pulvermetallugisches Laboratorium, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany  3: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom  4: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 87 Issue 7, p1330; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: HOLMIUM; Subject Term: YTTRIUM; Subject Term: DYSPROSIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patrie, Steven M.
AU  - Charlebois, Jay P.
AU  - Whipple, David
AU  - Kelleher, Neil L.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Quinn, John P.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Mukhopadhyay, Biswarup
T1  - Construction of a hybrid quadrupole/fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer for versatile MS/MS above 10 kDa
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 15
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1099
EP  - 1108
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Technological advancements including an open-cylindrical Penning trap with capacitively coupled ICR cell, selective ion accumulation with a resolving quadrupole, and a voltage gradient used during ion extraction from an octopole ion trap, have individually improved dynamic range and sensitivity in Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Documented here is a new instrument utilizing these technologies toward the robust detection and fragmentation of biomolecules >10 kDa. Up to 55-fold enhancement in ion population by selective ion accumulation combined with 10- to 20- fold signal-to-noise improvement by application of a DC voltage gradient to an accumulation octopole during the ion transfer event offers improved signal-to-noise (or speed) of MS/MS experiments, for proteins from Methanococcus jannaschii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae whole cell lysates. After external quadrupole filtering with a 40 m/z window, three proteins were fragmented (and identified) in parallel from the database of Methanococcus jannaschii. Electron capture dissociation (ECD) of an intact yeast protein provides extensive sequence information resulting in a high degree of localization for an N-terminal acetylation. Hybrid fragmentation, infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) followed by low energy electrons (ECD), with the electron source located laterally off the z-axis and external to the magnet bore, presents a strategy for identification of proteins by means of the sequence tag approach. Automated implementation of diverse MSn approaches in a Q-FTMS instrument promises to help realize “top-down” proteomics in the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13624580; Patrie, Steven M. 1 Charlebois, Jay P. 1 Whipple, David 1 Kelleher, Neil L. 1; Email Address: kelleher@scs.uiuc.edu Hendrickson, Christopher L. Quinn, John P. 2 Marshall, Alan G. 2 Mukhopadhyay, Biswarup 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA  2: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA  3: Departments of Biochemistry and Biology, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 15 Issue 7, p1099; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.04.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todd, Peter J.
AU  - McMahon, John M.
AU  - McCandlish Jr., Carl A.
T1  - Secondary ion images of the developing rat brain
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 15
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1116
EP  - 1122
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Secondary ion images were obtained from sections of rat brain over a 21 day postnatal period, using the intensity of m/z 184, phosphocholine. When compared with corresponding optical images of similar, but stained sections from the same animal, the secondary ion images appear to reflect less developed brains. During development, myelination occurs after axon extension. Apparently, myelination obscures the source of secondary m/z 184, phosphatidylcholine, from the analyzing ion probe; absenting myelination, secondary ion images show no physiological features. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - AXONS
KW  - CENTRAL nervous system
KW  - NEURONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13624582; Todd, Peter J. 1; Email Address: toddpj@ornl.gov McMahon, John M. 1 McCandlish Jr., Carl A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 15 Issue 7, p1116; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: AXONS; Subject Term: CENTRAL nervous system; Subject Term: NEURONS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.04.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yangang Liu
AU  - Daum, Peter H.
T1  - Parameterization of the Autoconversion Process.Part I: Analytical Formulation of the Kessler-Type Parameterizations.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 61
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1539
EP  - 1548
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - Various commonly used Kessler-type parameterizations of the autoconversion of cloud droplets to embryonic raindrops are theoretically derived from the same formalism by applying the generalized mean value theorem for integrals to the general collection equation. The new formalism clearly reveals the approximations and assumptions that are implicitly embedded in these different parameterizations. A new Kessler-type parameterization is further derived by eliminating the incorrect and/or unnecessary assumptions inherent in the existing Kessler-type parameterizations. The new parameterization exhibits a different dependence on liquid water content and droplet concentration, and provides theoretical explanations for the multitude of values assigned to the tunable coefficients associated with the commonly used parameterizations. Relative dispersion of the cloud droplet size distribution (defined as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean radius of the cloud droplet size distribution) is explicitly included in the new parameterization, allowing for investigation of the influences of the relative dispersion on the autoconversion rate and, hence, on the second indirect aerosol effect. The new analytical parameterization compares favorably with those parameterizations empirically obtained by curve-fitting results from simulations of detailed microphysical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - MEAN value theorems (Calculus)
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
KW  - MICROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13621563; Yangang Liu 1; Email Address: lyg@bnl.gov Daum, Peter H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 61 Issue 13, p1539; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: MEAN value theorems (Calculus); Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: MICROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shnirman, A.
AU  - Nussinov, Z.
AU  - Jian-Xin Zhu
AU  - Balatsky, A. V.
AU  - Makhlin, Yu.
T1  - Spin and current variations in Josephson junctions.
JO  - Low Temperature Physics
JF  - Low Temperature Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 30
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 629
EP  - 633
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1063777X
AB  - We study the dynamics of a single spin embedded in the tunneling barrier between two superconductors. As a consequence of pair correlations in the superconducting state, the spin displays rich and unusual dynamics. To properly describe the time evolution of the spin we derive the effective Keldysh action for the spin. The superconducting correlations lead to an effective spin action, which is nonlocal in time, leading to unconventional precession. We further illustrate how the current is modulated by this novel spin dynamics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Low Temperature Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14270727; Shnirman, A. 1; Email Address: shnirman@tfp.uni-karlsruhe.de Nussinov, Z. 2 Jian-Xin Zhu 2 Balatsky, A. V. 2 Makhlin, Yu. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Universität Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  3: Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kosygin Str. 2, 117940 Moscow, Russia.; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 30 Issue 7/8, p629; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789934
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuller, Hildegard M.
AU  - Porter, B.
AU  - Riechert, A.
AU  - Walker, K.
AU  - Schmoyer, R.
T1  - Neuroendocrine lung carcinogenesis in hamsters is inhibited by green tea or theophylline while the development of adenocarcinomas is promoted: implications for chemoprevention in smokers
JO  - Lung Cancer (01695002)
JF  - Lung Cancer (01695002)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 18
SN  - 01695002
AB  - Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer death in developed countries. With smoking the major etiological factor for lung cancer, there is a great need for the development of chemopreventive treatments that inhibit the progression of initiated cells and premalignant lesions into overt lung cancer in smokers who quit. Although the major focus of chemoprevention research has been on agents that inhibit the metabolic activation of genotoxic chemicals contained in tobacco products, some of these agents may additionally modulate growth-regulating signal transduction. In turn, the function of such signaling pathways is highly cell type-specific, with a given pathway inhibiting the growth of one cell type while stimulating the growth of others. The current experiment has tested the hypothesis that green tea and the methylxanthine theophylline contained in tea inhibit the progression of neuroendocrine lung carcinogenesis in hamsters with hyperoxic lung injury and initiated with the tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) while promoting the development of Clara cell-derived pulmonary adenocarcinomas initiated by NNK in healthy hamsters. This hypothesis is based on published evidence that human small cell lung cancer as well as the neuroendocrine hamster tumors are regulated via autocrine signaling pathways that activate Raf-1 and the mitogen-activated (MAP) kinase pathway whereas human pulmonary adenocarcinomas of Clara cell lineage and the hamster model of this cancer type are regulated by a β-adrenergic pathway involving the activation of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) and the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade. In turn, it was hypothesized that theophylline would inhibit Raf-1-dependent tumor progression while promoting cAMP-dependent tumor progression due to its documented ability to inhibit the enzyme cAMP-phophodiesterase. The experimental design simulated chemoprevention in former smokers in that treatments with tea or theophylline started after completion of a 10-week tumor induction period with NNK. Our data show that green tea as well as theophylline significantly inhibited lung tumor multiplicity in the neuroendocrine cancer model whereas identical chemopreventive treatments significantly promoted the lung tumor multiplicity in the adenocarcinoma model. These findings indicate that green tea and theophylline as well as other chemopreventive agents that modulate signal transduction may have opposite effects on cancers of different histolopathology and cell lineage. At the current state of knowledge such chemopreventive treatments should only be used as adjuvant to cancer therapy of cancers that have been fully characterized at the pathology and molecular level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Lung Cancer (01695002) is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER treatment
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SMOKING
KW  - Cancer prevention
KW  - Cancer promotion
KW  - Green tea
KW  - Hamster model
KW  - Pulmonary adenocarcinoma
KW  - Pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma
KW  - Theophylline
N1  - Accession Number: 13389127; Schuller, Hildegard M. 1; Email Address: hmsch@utk.edu Porter, B. 1 Riechert, A. 1 Walker, K. 1 Schmoyer, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Life Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 45 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: CANCER treatment; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SMOKING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer prevention; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cancer promotion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green tea; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hamster model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulmonary adenocarcinoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theophylline; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.lungcan.2003.12.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gertz, E. Michael
T1  - A quasi-Newton trust-region method.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 100
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 470
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - The classical trust-region method for unconstrained minimization can be augmented with a line search that finds a point that satisfies the Wolfe conditions. One can use this new method to define an algorithm that simultaneously satisfies the quasi-Newton condition at each iteration and maintains a positive-definite approximation to the Hessian of the objective function. This new algorithm has strong global convergence properties and is robust and efficient in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - PROGRAM transformation (Computer programming)
KW  - HESSIANS
KW  - Line-search methods
KW  - Quasi-Newton methods
KW  - Trust-region methods
KW  - Unconstrained optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 13522066; Gertz, E. Michael 1; Email Address: gertz@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 100 Issue 3, p447; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: PROGRAM transformation (Computer programming); Subject Term: HESSIANS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Line-search methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasi-Newton methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trust-region methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unconstrained optimization; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-004-0511-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liang Shi
AU  - Weiwen Zhang
T1  - Comparative analysis of eukaryotic-type protein phosphatases in two atreptomycete genomes.
JO  - Microbiology (13500872)
JF  - Microbiology (13500872)
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 150
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2247
EP  - 2256
SN  - 13500872
AB  - Inspection of the genomes of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and Streptomyces avermitilis reveals that each contains 55 putative eukaryotic-type protein phosphatases (PPs), the largest number ever identified from any single prokaryotic organism. Unlike most other prokaryotic genomes that have only one or two superfamilies of eukaryotic-type PPs, the streptomycete genomes possess the eukaryotic-type PPs that belong to four superfamilies: 2 phosphoprotein phosphatases and 2 low-molecular-mass protein tyrosine phosphatases in each species, 49 Mg2+- or Mn2+-dependent protein phosphatases (PPMs) and 2 conventional protein tyrosine phosphatases (CPTPs) in S. coelicolor A3(2), and 48 PPMs and 3 CPTPs in S. avermitilis. Sixty-four percent of the PPs found in S. coelicolor A3(2) have orthologues in S. avermitilis, indicating that they originated from a common ancestor and might be involved in the regulation of more conserved metabolic activities. The genes of eukaryotic-type PP unique to each surveyed streptomycete genome are mainly located in two arms of the linear chromosomes and their evolution might be involved in gene acquisition or duplication to adapt to the extremely variable soil environments where these organisms live. In addition, 56 % of the PPs from S. coeficolor A3(2) and 65 % of the PPs from S. avermitilis possess at least one additional domain having a putative biological function. These include the domains involved in the detection of redox potential, the binding of cyclic nucleotides, mRNA, DNA and ATP, and the catalysis of phosphorylation reactions. Because they contained multiple functional domains, most of them were assigned functions other than PPs in previous annotations. Although few studies have been conducted on the physiological functions of the PPs in streptomycetes, the existence of large numbers of putative PPs in these two streptomycete genomes strongly suggests that eukaryotic-type PPs play important regulatory roles in primary or secondary metabolic pathways. The identification and analysis of such a large number of putative eukaryotic-type PPs from S. coelicolor A3(2) and S. avermitilis constitute a basis for further exploration of the signal transduction pathways mediated by these phosphatases in industrially important strains of streptomycetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbiology (13500872) is the property of Society for General Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Prokaryotes
KW  - Comparative studies
KW  - Streptomyces avermitilis
KW  - Phosphoprotein phosphatases
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Protein-tyrosine phosphatase
N1  - Accession Number: 14305917; Liang Shi 1; Email Address: Liang.Shi@pnl.gov; Weiwen Zhang 1; Email Address: weiwen.zhang@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, PO Box 999, MSIN: P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 150 Issue 7, p2247; Thesaurus Term: Bacteria; Thesaurus Term: Prokaryotes; Thesaurus Term: Comparative studies; Subject Term: Streptomyces avermitilis; Subject Term: Phosphoprotein phosphatases; Subject Term: Genomes; Subject Term: Protein-tyrosine phosphatase; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1099/mic.0.27057-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barabash, R.I.
AU  - Ice, G.E.
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Valek, B.C.
AU  - Bravman, J.C.
AU  - Spolenak, R.
AU  - Patel, J.R.
T1  - Quantitative characterization of electromigration-induced plastic deformation in Al(0.5wt%Cu) interconnect
JO  - Microelectronic Engineering
JF  - Microelectronic Engineering
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 30
SN  - 01679317
AB  - Electromigration-induced failure in metal interconnect constitutes a major reliability problem in the semiconductor industry. Recently, experimental techniques capable of probing grain orientation and stress with a spatial resolution compatible with the dimensions of the lines have emerged. White beam X-ray microdiffraction is particularly well suited to the in situ study of electromigration. The technique was used to probe microstructure in interconnects and recently unambiguously unveiled the plastic nature of the deformation induced by mass transport during electromigration in Al(Cu) interconnect lines even before macroscopic damage. The aim of the present research is to understand the complex dislocation structure arising from electromigration-induced plastic deformation by simulating the shape of the reflections and comparing them with the shape observed in the experimental data. We provide a first quantitative analysis of the dislocation structure generated in individual micron-sized Al grains during an in situ electromigration experiment. Custom software allows us to determine the orientation of the predominant dislocation network in each sample subgrain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microelectronic Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODIFFUSION
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - Characterization
KW  - Diffraction
KW  - Dislocations
KW  - Electromigration
KW  - Interconnects
N1  - Accession Number: 13388547; Barabash, R.I. 1; Email Address: barabashr@ornl.gov Ice, G.E. 1 Tamura, N. 2 Valek, B.C. 3 Bravman, J.C. 3 Spolenak, R. 4 Patel, J.R. 2,5; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  4: Max Planck Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-7056 Stuttgart, Germany  5: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratories, P.O. BOX 4349, Stanford, CA 94309, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 75 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: ELECTRODIFFUSION; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromigration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interconnects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mee.2003.09.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jen-Yeu Wang
AU  - Sarker, Altaf Hossain
AU  - Cooper, Priscilla K.
AU  - Volkert, Michael R.
T1  - The Single-Strand DNA Binding Activity of Human PC4 Prevents Mutagenesis and Killing by Oxidative DNA Damage.
JO  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
JF  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 24
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 6084
EP  - 6093
SN  - 02707306
AB  - Human positive cofactor 4 (PC4) is a transcriptional coactivator with a highly conserved single-strand DNA (ssDNA) binding domain of unknown function. We identified PC4 as a suppressor of the oxidative mutator phenotype of the Escherichia coli fpg mutY mutant and demonstrate that this suppression requires its ssDNA binding activity. Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants lacking their PC4 ortholog Sub1 are sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and exhibit spontaneous and peroxide-induced hypermutability. PC4 expression suppresses the peroxide sensitivity of the yeast sub1Δ mutant, suggesting that the human protein has a similar function. A role for yeast and human proteins in DNA repair is suggested by the demonstration that Subl acts in a peroxide resistance pathway involving Rad2 and by the physical interaction of PC4 with the human Rad2 homolog XPG. We show that XPG recruits PC4 to a bubble-containing DNA substrate with a resulting displacement of XPG and formation of a PC4-DNA complex. We discuss the possible requirement for PC4 in either global or transcription-coupled repair of oxidative DNA damage to mediate the release of XPG bound to its substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular & Cellular Biology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - DNA
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - TERATOGENESIS
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - HYDROGEN peroxide
N1  - Accession Number: 14602041; Jen-Yeu Wang 1 Sarker, Altaf Hossain 2 Cooper, Priscilla K. 2 Volkert, Michael R. 1; Email Address: Michael.Volkert@umassmed.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655  2: Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 24 Issue 13, p6084; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: TERATOGENESIS; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: HYDROGEN peroxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/MCB.24.13.6084-6093.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McKnight
AU  - T. E.
AU  - Melechko
AU  - A. V.
AU  - Hensley
AU  - D. K.
AU  - Mann
AU  - D. G. J.
AU  - Griffin
AU  - G. D.
AU  - Simpson
AU  - M. L.
T1  - Tracking Gene Expression after DNA Delivery Using Spatially Indexed Nanofiber Arrays.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 4
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1213
EP  - 1219
SN  - 15306984
AB  - The penetration and residence of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNF) within live cell matrices is demonstrated upon substrates that incorporate spatially registered indices to facilitate temporal tracking of individual cells. Penetration of DNA-modified carbon nanofibers into live cells using this platform provides efficient delivery and expression of exogenous genes, similar to “microinjection”-styled methods, but on a massively parallel basis. Spatially registered indices on the substrate allow one to conveniently locate individual cells, facilitating temporal tracking of gene expression events. We describe fabrication and use of this gene delivery platform which consists of arrays of individual carbon nanofibers at 5-μm pitch within numerically indexed, 100-μm square grid patterns. Fabrication of these devices on silicon substrates enables mass production of 100 devices (5 mm2) per wafer, with each device providing over 800,000 nanofiber-based “needles” for cellular impalement and gene delivery applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - DNA
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CELLS
N1  - Accession Number: 14615401; McKnight T. E. 1 Melechko A. V. 1 Hensley D. K. 1 Mann D. G. J. 1 Griffin G. D. 1 Simpson M. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Research Group, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Engineering Science and Technology Division, and Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 4 Issue 7, p1213; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CELLS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jung
AU  - G. Y.
AU  - Ganapathiappan
AU  - S.
AU  - Ohlberg
AU  - D. A. A.
AU  - Olynick
AU  - D. L.
AU  - Chen
AU  - Y.
AU  - Tong
AU  - W. M.
AU  - Williams
AU  - R. S.
T1  - Fabrication of a 34 × 34 Crossbar Structure at 50 nm Half-pitch by UV-based Nanoimprint Lithography.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 4
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1225
EP  - 1229
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We have developed a single-layer UV-nanoimprint process, which was utilized to fabricate 34 × 34 crossbar circuits with a half-pitch of 50 nm (equivalent to a bit density of 10 Gbit/cm2). This process contains two innovative ideas to overcome challenges in the nanoimprint at shrinking dimensions. First, our new liquid resist formulation allowed us to minimize the residual resist layer thickness after curing and requires the relatively low imprint pressure of 20 psi. Second, by engineering the surface energy of the substrate we also eliminated the problem of trapped air during contact with the mold such that it spreads the resist and expels trapped air uniformly. Our overall process required fewer processing steps than any bilayer process and yielded high quality results at 50 nm half-pitch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14615403; Jung G. Y. 1 Ganapathiappan S. 1 Ohlberg D. A. A. 1 Olynick D. L. 1 Chen Y. 1 Tong W. M. 1 Williams R. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, 1501 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California 94304, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 02-400, Berkeley, California 94720, and Technology Development Operations, Inkjet Technology Platform, Hewlett-Packard Company, 1000 Circle Boulevard, Corvallis, Oregon 97330; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 4 Issue 7, p1225; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: PRESSURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McBride
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Kippeny
AU  - T. C.
AU  - Pennycook
AU  - S. J.
AU  - Rosenthal
T1  - Aberration-Corrected Z-Contrast Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy of CdSe Nanocrystals.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 4
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1279
EP  - 1283
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Aberration-corrected atomic number contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (Z-STEM) was used to study CdSe nanocrystals prepared using different surfactants. With an optimal probe size of 0.8 Å, unprecedentedly detailed images of the nanocrystal's lattice structure and surface morphology were obtained. This level of detail is important for the characterization of nanomaterials because of the high sensitivity of the nanocrystal's properties to minute changes in structure. As an example of the power of this technique, a sample of CdSe nanocrystals prepared using trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) as the surfactant was compared to a sample of CdSe prepared using a mixture of TOPO and hexadecylamine (HDA). Z-STEM reveals striking differences in nanocrystal morphology as the result of the addition of HDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - SURFACE active agents
N1  - Accession Number: 14615413; McBride J. R. 1 Kippeny T. C. 1 Pennycook S. J. 1 Rosenthal; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and Vanderbilt University, Department of Chemistry, Nashville, Tennessee 37235; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 4 Issue 7, p1279; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han
AU  - W.-Q.
AU  - Chang
AU  - C. W.
AU  - Zettl
AU  - A.
T1  - Encapsulation of One-Dimensional Potassium Halide Crystals within BN Nanotubes.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 4
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1355
EP  - 1357
SN  - 15306984
AB  - One-dimensional crystals of potassium halides, including KI, KCl, and KBr, were inserted into boron nitride nanotubes. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry were used to characterize their microstructures and compositions. The fillings are usually single crystals with lengths up to several micrometers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - HALIDES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NANOTUBES
N1  - Accession Number: 14615427; Han W.-Q. 1 Chang C. W. 1 Zettl A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and The Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 4 Issue 7, p1355; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Subject Term: HALIDES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flick, Karin
AU  - Ouni, Ikram
AU  - Wohlschlegel, James A.
AU  - Capati, Chrissy
AU  - McDonald, W. Hayes
AU  - Yates, John R.
AU  - Kaiser, Peter
T1  - Proteolysis-independent regulation of the transcription factor Met4 by a single Lys 48-linked ubiquitin chain.
JO  - Nature Cell Biology
JF  - Nature Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 6
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 634
EP  - 641
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 14657392
AB  - The ubiquitin ligase SCFMet30 is required for cell cycle progression in budding yeast. The critical function of SCFMet30 is inactivation of the transcriptional activator Met4. Here we show that a single ubiquitin chain is attached to Met4 through lysine at position 163. Inhibition of Met4 ubiquitination by mutating lysine to arginine at this position constitutively activates, but does not stabilize, Met4. This supports a proteolysis-independent role of Cdc34-SCFMet30-catalysed Met4 ubiquitination. Surprisingly, the ubiquitin chain attached to Met4 is linked through Lys 48 in ubiquitin, a ubiquitin chain structure that is usually required for substrate targeting to the 26S proteasome. These results suggest that Lys 48-linked ubiquitin chains can have a regulatory role independent of proteolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Cell Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 13620964; Flick, Karin 1 Ouni, Ikram 1 Wohlschlegel, James A. 2 Capati, Chrissy 1 McDonald, W. Hayes 3 Yates, John R. 2 Kaiser, Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.  2: Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.  3: [1] Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. [2] Current address: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 6 Issue 7, p634; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/ncb1143
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Briggs, John A. G.
AU  - Simon, Martha N.
AU  - Gross, Ingolf
AU  - Krässlich, Hans-Georg
AU  - Fuller, Stephen D.
AU  - Vogt, Volker M.
AU  - Johnson, Marc C.
T1  - The stoichiometry of Gag protein in HIV-1.
JO  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
JF  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 672
EP  - 675
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 15459993
AB  - The major structural components of HIV-1 are encoded as a single polyprotein, Gag, which is sufficient for virus particle assembly. Initially, Gag forms an approximately spherical shell underlying the membrane of the immature particle. After proteolytic maturation of Gag, the capsid (CA) domain of Gag reforms into a conical shell enclosing the RNA genome. This mature shell contains 1,000-1,500 CA proteins assembled into a hexameric lattice with a spacing of 10 nm. By contrast, little is known about the structure of the immature virus. We used cryo-EM and scanning transmission EM to determine that an average (145 nm diameter) complete immature HIV particle contains ~5,000 structural (Gag) proteins, more than twice the number from previous estimates. In the immature virus, Gag forms a hexameric lattice with a spacing of 8.0 nm. Thus, less than half of the CA proteins form the mature core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Structural & Molecular Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - RNA
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13580061; Briggs, John A. G. 1 Simon, Martha N. 2 Gross, Ingolf 3 Krässlich, Hans-Georg 4 Fuller, Stephen D. 1 Vogt, Volker M. 3 Johnson, Marc C. 3; Email Address: mcj7@cornell.edu; Affiliation:  1: Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK  2: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  3: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA  4: Department of Virology, Hygiene-Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p672; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nsmb785
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lanman, Jason
AU  - Lam, TuKiet T.
AU  - Emmett, Mark R.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Sakalian, Michael
AU  - Prevelige Jr., Peter E.
T1  - Key interactions in HIV-1 maturation identified by hydrogen-deuterium exchange.
JO  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
JF  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 676
EP  - 677
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 15459993
AB  - To characterize the intersubunit interactions underlying assembly and maturation in HIV-1, we determined the amide hydrogen exchange protection pattern of capsid protein in the immature virion and the mature virion using mass spectrometry. Alterations in protection upon maturation provide evidence for the maturation-induced formation of an interaction between the N- and C-terminal domains in half of the capsid molecules, indicating that only half of the capsid protein is assembled into the conical core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Structural & Molecular Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PROTEIN-protein interactions
KW  - MOLECULAR association
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13580056; Lanman, Jason 1,2 Lam, TuKiet T. 3,4 Emmett, Mark R. 3,4 Marshall, Alan G. 3,4 Sakalian, Michael 5 Prevelige Jr., Peter E. 1; Email Address: prevelige@uab.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama 35294, USA  2: Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 23210, USA  5: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73190, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p676; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PROTEIN-protein interactions; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nsmb790
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13580056&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feinendegen, Ludwig E.
AU  - Pollycove, Myron
AU  - Sondhaus, Charles A.
T1  - RESPONSES TO LOW DOSES OF IONIZING RADIATION IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.
JO  - Nonlinearity in Biology, Toxicology & Medicine
JF  - Nonlinearity in Biology, Toxicology & Medicine
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul-Sep2004
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
EP  - 171
SN  - 15401421
AB  - Biological tissues operate through cells that act together within signaling networks. These assure coordinated cell function in the face of constant exposure to an array of potentially toxic agents, externally from the environment and endogenously from metabolism. Living tissues are indeed complex adaptive systems. To examine tissue effects specific for low-dose radiation, (1) absorbed dose in tissue is replaced by the sum of the energies deposited by each track event, or hit, in a cell-equivalent tissue micromass (1 ng) in all micromasses exposed, that is, by the mean energy delivered by all microdose hits in the exposed micromasses, with cell dose expressing the total energy per micromass from multiple microdoses; and (2) tissue effects are related to cell damage and protective cellular responses per average microdose hit from a given radiation quality for all such hits in the exposed micromasses. The probability of immediate DNA damage per low-linear-energy-transfer (LET) average `microdose hit is extremely small increasing over a certain dose range in proportion to the number of hits. Delayed temporary adaptive protection (AP) involves (a) induced detoxification of reactive oxygen species, (b) enhanced rate of DNA repair (c) induced removal of damaged cells by apoptosis followed by normal cell replacement and by cell differentiation, and (d) stimulated immune response, all with corresponding changes in gene expression. These AP categories may last from less than a day to weeks and be tested by cell responses against renewed irradiation. They operate physiologically against nonradiogenic, largely endogenous DNA damage, which occurs abundantly and continually. Background radiation damage caused by rare microdose hits per micromass is many orders of magnitude less frequent. Except for apoptosis, AP increasingly fails above about 200 mGy of low-LET radiation, corresponding to about 200 microdose hits per exposed micromass. This ratio appears to exceed approximately 1 per day for protracted exposure. The balance between damage and protection favors protection at low cell doses and damage at high cell doses. Bystander effects from high-dosed cells to nonirradiated neighboring cells appear to include both damage and protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nonlinearity in Biology, Toxicology & Medicine is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation -- Physiological effect
KW  - Biological systems
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Apoptosis
KW  - Dose-response relationship (Radiation)
KW  - DNA repair
N1  - Accession Number: 15234199; Feinendegen, Ludwig E. 1; Email Address: feinendegen@gmx.net; Pollycove, Myron 2; Sondhaus, Charles A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Nuclear Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; and Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; 2: School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California; 3: Department of Radiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California; Issue Info: Jul-Sep2004, Vol. 2 Issue 3, p143; Thesaurus Term: Radiation -- Physiological effect; Thesaurus Term: Biological systems; Thesaurus Term: DNA damage; Thesaurus Term: Apoptosis; Subject Term: Dose-response relationship (Radiation); Subject Term: DNA repair; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/15401420490507431
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15234199&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vinogradov, N.E.
AU  - Ostroumov, P.N.
AU  - Pardo, R.C.
AU  - Sharamentov, S.I.
AU  - Zinkann, G.P.
T1  - A detector of bunch time structure for cw heavy-ion beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 526
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 206
EP  - 214
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The manuscript describes the design, commissioning and performance of a new device for the measurement of bunch time structure of heavy-ion beams. The Bunch Length Detector (BLD) has been developed, constructed and installed at the Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerating System, a superconducting linac. The BLD is a wire scanning detector based on the analysis of secondary electrons produced by the primary beam hitting a target wire. The device provides measuring of bunch phase spectrum for ion beams in a wide range of energies, intensities and species in cw mode with up to 20 ps resolution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - Bunch shape
KW  - RF deflector
KW  - Secondary electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 13388775; Vinogradov, N.E.; Email Address: vinogradov@phy.anl.gov Ostroumov, P.N. 1 Pardo, R.C. 1 Sharamentov, S.I. 1 Zinkann, G.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Physics Division, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 526 Issue 3, p206; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bunch shape; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF deflector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Secondary electrons; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.02.023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13388775&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohmori, C.
AU  - Kanazawa, M.
AU  - Takagi, A.
AU  - Noda, K.
AU  - Uesugi, T.
AU  - Shirakabe, Y.
AU  - Sugiura, A.
AU  - Mori, Y.
AU  - Muto, M.
AU  - Chou, W.
T1  - Beam diagnostics using a chopped beam
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 526
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 221
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A new type of beam chopper has been developed and installed at HIMAC (Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba) in NIRS (National Institute of Radiological Sciences). The chopper has only 11.6 cm length and has been set between the ion sources and the RFQ. It is similar to a beam transformer, and modulates the beam kinetic energy by 10%. The beam is successfully chopped because the RFQ has a rather small energy acceptance. A chopped beam was injected into the synchrotron and a beam study has been performed. A very short bunch was formed and accelerated to the top energy. The behavior of the short bunch shows that a dipole oscillation was excited because of an unexpected frequency error of the RF system. It was caused by noise in the B-clock (Gauss Clock) circuit. The dipole oscillation caused by the frequency error was significantly reduced and the acceleration efficiency was improved by replacing the B-clock module. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOPPING power (Nuclear physics)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Beam chopper
KW  - Beam diagnostics
KW  - RF system
N1  - Accession Number: 13388776; Ohmori, C. 1; Email Address: chihiro.ohmori@kek.jp Kanazawa, M. 2 Takagi, A. 1 Noda, K. 2 Uesugi, T. 2 Shirakabe, Y. 1 Sugiura, A. 2 Mori, Y. 1 Muto, M. 1 Chou, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: KEK, Accelerator Division, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  2: National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan  3: Fermilab., P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 526 Issue 3, p215; Subject Term: STOPPING power (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam chopper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF system; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.02.039
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13388776&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Affolder, T.
AU  - Allspach, D.
AU  - Ambrose, D.
AU  - Bialek, J.
AU  - Bokhari, W.
AU  - Brozovic, M.
AU  - Binkley, M.
AU  - Burkett, K.
AU  - Byon-Wagner, A.
AU  - Cogswell, F.
AU  - Dressnandt, N.
AU  - Feng, Z.
AU  - Franklin, M.
AU  - Galtieri, L.
AU  - Gerdes, D.W.
AU  - Greenwood, J.
AU  - Guarino, V.
AU  - Guimaraes da Costa, J.
AU  - Haggerty, R.
AU  - Hall, C.
T1  - CDF Central Outer Tracker
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 526
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 299
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Central Outer Tracker is a large cylindrical drift chamber constructed to replace Collider Detector at Fermilab''s original central drift chamber for the higher luminosity expected for Run 2 at the Fermilab Tevatron. The chamber''s drift properties are described in the context of meeting the operating requirements for Run 2. The design and construction of the chamber, the front-end readout electronics, and the high-voltage system are described in detail. Wire aging considerations are also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - 29.40.-n
KW  - CDF
KW  - Central
KW  - Chamber
KW  - Drift
KW  - Outer
KW  - Tracker
N1  - Accession Number: 13388780; Affolder, T. 1 Allspach, D. 2 Ambrose, D. 3 Bialek, J. 4 Bokhari, W. 3 Brozovic, M. 5 Binkley, M. 2 Burkett, K. 6 Byon-Wagner, A. 2 Cogswell, F. 4 Dressnandt, N. 3 Feng, Z. 7 Franklin, M. 6 Galtieri, L. 1 Gerdes, D.W. 7,8 Greenwood, J. 2 Guarino, V. 9 Guimaraes da Costa, J. 6,7,8 Haggerty, R. 6 Hall, C. 6; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS 318, P.O. box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  4: University of Illinois, High Energy Physics, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  5: Duke University, Durham, HEP Division, NC 27708, USA  6: Havard University, Dept. of Physics, Jefferson Lab., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA  7: The Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  8: University of Michigan, Randall Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  9: Argonne National Laboratory, High Energy Physics Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 526 Issue 3, p249; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.40.-n; Author-Supplied Keyword: CDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Central; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chamber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drift; Author-Supplied Keyword: Outer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tracker; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 51p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.02.020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13388780&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawson, S.
AU  - Jackson, C.B.
AU  - Orr, L.H.
AU  - Reina, L.
AU  - Wackeroth, D.
T1  - NLO QCD corrections to hadronic Higgs production with heavy quarks
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 133
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
EP  - 116
SN  - 09205632
AB  - The production of a Higgs boson in association with a pair of tt or bb quarks plays a very important role at both the Tevatron and the Large Hadron Collider. The theoretical prediction of the corresponding cross sections has been improved by including the complete next-to-leading order QCD corrections. After a brief description of the most relevant technical aspects of the calculation, we review the results obtained for both the Tevatron and the Large Hadron Collider. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16422613; Dawson, S. 1 Jackson, C.B. 2 Orr, L.H. 3 Reina, L. 2 Wackeroth, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4350, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  4: Department of Physics, SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-1500, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 133 Issue 1-3, p111; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.04.146
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hughey, Christine A.
AU  - Rodgers, Ryan P.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Walters, Clifford C.
AU  - Qian, Kuangnan
AU  - Mankiewicz, Paul
T1  - Acidic and neutral polar NSO compounds in Smackover oils of different thermal maturity revealed by electrospray high field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
JO  - Organic Geochemistry
JF  - Organic Geochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 863
EP  - 880
SN  - 01466380
AB  - Negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled with high field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) allows for the direct detection of acidic NSO compounds in petroleum. The technique requires no chromatographic separation, is able to distinguish 18 different compound classes (e.g., neutral nitrogen, carboxylic acids and oxygenates), and can identify ∼14,000 distinct masses by ultra-high mass resolution and mass accuracy. We previously studied three crude oils from different geological origins [Organic Geochemistry 33 (2002b) 743–759]. Here, we expand our research by comparing two source-equivalent Smackover oils of different levels of thermal maturity. We observe clear differences in the distribution of NSO compound classes, types (number of rings plus double bonds within a class), and number of alkyl carbons. With increasing thermal stress, the relative amount of sulfur and oxygen containing compounds decreases, condensation and aromatization of the polar cores increase, and the number of alkyl carbons decreases, reflecting the distribution of saturated hydrocarbons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Organic Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Electron impact ionization
KW  - Ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - Thermal stresses
N1  - Accession Number: 13333110; Hughey, Christine A. 1; Email Address: hughey@chapman.edu; Rodgers, Ryan P. 1; Marshall, Alan G. 1; Walters, Clifford C. 2; Email Address: clifford.c.walters@exxonmobil.edu; Qian, Kuangnan 2; Mankiewicz, Paul 3; Affiliations: 1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; 2: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering,1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ 08801-0998, USA; 3: ExxonMobil Upstream Research Lab, P.O. Box 2189, Houston, TX 77252-2189, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p863; Thesaurus Term: Petroleum; Subject Term: Electron impact ionization; Subject Term: Ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: Thermal stresses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.02.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ravindran, P.
AU  - Anand, N. K.
AU  - Massoudi, M.
T1  - Steady Free Surface Flow of a Fluid-Solid Mixture Down an Inclined Plane.
JO  - Particulate Science & Technology
JF  - Particulate Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul-Sep2004
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 273
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 02726351
AB  - The present work is an extension of the investigations performed by Massoudi and Anand (2001). The free surface flow problem is studied here. Numerical solutions for steady free surface flow of a solid-fluid mixture down an inclined plane are presented. The problem is formulated using the mixture theory framework. The resulting set of three coupled nonlinear differential equations is nondimensionalized. A parametric study is conducted to understand the influence of the dimensionless numbers on the velocity and volume fraction. The maximum fluid velocity is found to decrease with increase in the ratio of the drag force to the viscous forces within the fluid phase (D1). The fluid phase velocity was found to decrease with increase in the ratio of the drag force to viscous force within the solid component (D2), and the corresponding solid phase velocity was found to increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Particulate Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - MIXTURES
KW  - NONLINEAR differential equations
KW  - GRANULAR materials
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - continuum theory
KW  - granular materials
KW  - inclined fully developed flow
KW  - mixtures
KW  - multiphase flows
N1  - Accession Number: 14574464; Ravindran, P. 1 Anand, N. K. 1 Massoudi, M. 2; Email Address: massaoudi@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical EngineeringTexas, A & M University, Texas  2: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Source Info: Jul-Sep2004, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p253; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: MIXTURES; Subject Term: NONLINEAR differential equations; Subject Term: GRANULAR materials; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: continuum theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: granular materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: inclined fully developed flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: mixtures; Author-Supplied Keyword: multiphase flows; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.108002726350490501529
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bergmann, Uwe
AU  - Groenzin, Henning
AU  - Mullins, Oliver C.
AU  - Glatzel, Pieter
AU  - Fetzer, John
AU  - Cramer, S. P.
T1  - X-Ray Raman Spectroscopy—A New Tool to Study Local Structure of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Asphaltenes.
JO  - Petroleum Science & Technology
JF  - Petroleum Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 863
EP  - 875
SN  - 10916466
AB  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are essential components in numerous natural and man made organic compounds. In asphaltenes, knowledge of the electronic structure of both its aromatic and aliphatic components is of crucial importance, when trying to understand and predict its macroscopic properties. Theoretical studies of complex PAHs have led to simple rules to describe their π electron distribution, but systematic experimental support is still needed. A novel approach to directly probe carbon type in PAHs is described here, namely the technique of X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRS). Conventional X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has been used for many years for element specific characterization of local structure and chemistry. However, in the soft X-ray region (relevant for light elements) its application to numerous carbonaceous systems including asphaltenes encounters problems. Most of the difficulties, including surface sensitivity and restricted sample environments, stem from the submicron path lengths of soft X-rays and/or electrons. XRS provides a means for obtaining the information content of soft X-ray absorption spectra while maintaining the experimental benefits of hard X-ray techniques (˜mm path length). In the XRS process an incident photon is inelastically scattered and part of its energy is transferred to excite an inner shell electron into an unoccupied state. Under the dipole approximation, the resulting features are identical to the corresponding XAS spectrum. In the past, the extremely low cross-section of XRS has made this technique impractical, but intense new X-ray facilities and improvements in X-ray optics have helped to advance this unique spectroscopic tool. We have applied XRS to a series of PAHs and several asphaltenes. The results directly support the simple ideas contained in the “sextet-double bond” description of PAHs. Furthermore, we show that XRS can probe the geometrry of aromatic ring systems in asphaltenes, as well as its ratio of aromatic and aliphatic constituents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Petroleum Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - ASPHALTENE
KW  - BITUMEN
N1  - Accession Number: 14262651; Bergmann, Uwe 1,2; Email Address: ubergmann@lbl.gov Groenzin, Henning 3 Mullins, Oliver C. 3 Glatzel, Pieter 2 Fetzer, John 4 Cramer, S. P. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Department of Applied Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA  3: Schlumberger-Doll Research, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA  4: ChevronTexaco Energy Research and Technology Company, Richmond, California, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 22 Issue 7/8, p863; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: ASPHALTENE; Subject Term: BITUMEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211114 Non-conventional oil extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/LFT-120038722
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14262651&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diallo, Mamadou S.
AU  - Strachan, Alejandro
AU  - Faulon, Jean-Loup
AU  - Goddard III, William A.
T1  - Thermodynamic Properties of Asphaltenes Through Computer Assisted Structure Elucidation and Atomistic Simulations. 1. Bulk Arabian Light Asphaltenes.
JO  - Petroleum Science & Technology
JF  - Petroleum Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 7/8
M3  - Article
SP  - 877
EP  - 899
SN  - 10916466
AB  - This article describes a new method for estimating the thermodynamic properties of asphaltenes. To illustrate this methodology, we used a computer assisted structure elucidation software (SIGNATURE) to generate an ensemble of 10 isomers for Arabian Light (AL) asphaltenes compatible with (i) analytical data from elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, 1-D 1H/13C solution NMR and vapor pressure osmometry and (ii) literature data on the molecular composition of asphaltenes. The 10 model isomers were packed into a 3-D periodic cell to form the condensed phase model for the fraction of bulk AL asphaltenes with a number average molar mass (Mn) approximately equal to 1280 Dalton. This cell was subsequently used in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to estimate the molar volume, density, enthalpy, specific heat at constant pressure, solubility parameter, and isothermal compressibility of the AL asphaltene fraction. The results of the MD simulations compare favorably with the available experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Petroleum Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ASPHALTENE
KW  - BITUMEN
KW  - NONMETALLIC minerals
KW  - CAUSTOBIOLITHS
KW  - BITUMINOUS materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14262645; Diallo, Mamadou S. 1,2; Email Address: diallo@wag.caltech.edu Strachan, Alejandro 1,3 Faulon, Jean-Loup 4 Goddard III, William A. 1; Email Address: wag@wag.caltech.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Process Simulation Center, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA  2: Department of Civil Engineering, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545, USA  4: Computational Biology and Evolutionary Computing Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 22 Issue 7/8, p877; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ASPHALTENE; Subject Term: BITUMEN; Subject Term: NONMETALLIC minerals; Subject Term: CAUSTOBIOLITHS; Subject Term: BITUMINOUS materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211114 Non-conventional oil extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213115 Support Activities for Nonmetallic Minerals (except Fuels) Mining; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 7 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/LFT-120040254
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmiedeshoff, G.M.
AU  - Dulguerova, D.
AU  - Quan, J.
AU  - Touton, S.
AU  - Mielke, C.H.
AU  - Christianson, A.D.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
AU  - Palm, E.
AU  - Hannahs, S.T.
AU  - Murphy, T.
AU  - Gay, E.C.
AU  - McPheeters, C.C.
AU  - Thoma, D.J.
AU  - Hults, W.L.
AU  - Cooley, J.C.
AU  - Kelly, A.M.
AU  - Hanrahan Jr., R.J.
AU  - Smith, J.L.
T1  - Magnetotransport and superconductivity of α-uranium.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/07//7/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 2001
EP  - 2022
SN  - 14786435
AB  - We have measured the electrical resistivity, magnetoresistance and Hall effect on several new single-crystal samples and one polycrystalline sample of α-U. The residual resistivity ratios of these samples vary from 13 to 315. Matthiessen's law appears to hold above the onset of the charge-density wave phase transitions that begin near 43 K, but not below this temperature. Sharp features at all three charge-density wave transitions are observed and the effects of high magnetic fields on them are presented and discussed. The magnetoresistance is anisotropic, reaches 1000% at 2 K and 18 T and does not exhibit Kohler scaling. The Hall coefficient is positive, independent of magnetic field and slightly temperature dependent above about 40 K in agreement with earlier studies. Below 40 K the Hall coefficient changes sign as the temperature falls, varies with field and becomes much more strongly negative at the lowest temperatures than has been reported. Some of our results suggest that a spin-density wave may coexist with the charge-density wave states. Superconductivity is observed in two of our samples; we argue that it is intrinsic to α-U and suggest that it is consistent with a two-band model. Several parameters characterizing the transport and superconductivity of α-U are estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
KW  - HALL effect
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CHARGE density waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13436088; Schmiedeshoff, G.M. 1; Email Address: gms@oxy.edu Dulguerova, D. 1 Quan, J. 1 Touton, S. 1 Mielke, C.H. 2 Christianson, A.D. 2 Lacerda, A.H. 2 Palm, E. 3 Hannahs, S.T. 3 Murphy, T. 3 Gay, E.C. 4 McPheeters, C.C. 4 Thoma, D.J. 5 Hults, W.L. 5 Cooley, J.C. 5 Kelly, A.M. 5 Hanrahan Jr., R.J. 5 Smith, J.L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Occidental College, Los Angeles, California 90041, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Pulse Facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahasse, Florida 32310, USA  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: 7/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 19, p2001; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Subject Term: HALL effect; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CHARGE density waves; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430410001663231
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhan, Guo-Dong
AU  - Kuntz, Joshua D.
AU  - Wang, Hsin
AU  - Wang, Chong-Min
AU  - Mukherjee, Amiya K.
T1  - Anisotropic thermal properties of single-wall-carbon- nanotube-reinforced nanoceramics.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 423
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - Dense single-wall-carbon-nanotube-(SWCNT)-reinforced alumina nanocomposites have been fabricated by a novel spark-plasma-sintering technique. Anisotropic thermal properties have been found in carbon nanotube composites. The introduction of ropes of SWCNTs gives rise to a decrease in the transverse thermal diffusivity with increasing carbon nanotube content while it does not change the in-plane thermal diffusivity. This is scientifically interesting and technologically important for the development of materials for novel thermal barrier coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15059334; Zhan, Guo-Dong 1 Kuntz, Joshua D. 1 Wang, Hsin 2 Wang, Chong-Min 3 Mukherjee, Amiya K. 1; Email Address: akmukherjee@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of California Davis California 95616 USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA  3: Interfacial Chemistry and Engineering Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p419; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09500830410001728345
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hiratani, M.
AU  - Bulatov, V. V.
T1  - Solid-solution hardening by point-like obstacles of different kinds.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 461
EP  - 470
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - The critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for a dislocation percolating through penetrable obstacles with different pinning strength is derived analytically. The stability of dislocation-obstacle configurations is determined by evaluating the configurational entropy. The analytical results imply a superposition law for the concentration of pinning obstacles on the dislocation line, and a Pythagorean-type hardening rule for the CRSS when obstacle strengths are weak and nearly the same. For comparison with derived results, discrete dislocation dynamics simulations are performed for irradiated iron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PYTHAGOREAN theorem
KW  - IRON
N1  - Accession Number: 15059333; Hiratani, M. 1; Email Address: hiratani1@llnl.gov. Bulatov, V. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p461; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PYTHAGOREAN theorem; Subject Term: IRON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09500830410001726969
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Miglioranzi, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Pavel, N.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
T1  - Evidence for a narrow baryonic state decaying to <f>K0Sp</f> and <f>K0S&pmacr;</f> in deep inelastic scattering at HERA
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 591
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 22
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A resonance search has been made in the <f>K0Sp</f> and <f>K0S&pmacr;</f> invariant-mass spectrum measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 121 pb-1. The search was performed in the central rapidity region of inclusive deep inelastic scattering at an <f>ep</f> centre-of-mass energy of 300–318 GeV for exchanged photon virtuality, <f>Q2</f>, above 1 GeV2. Recent results from fixed-target experiments give evidence for a narrow baryon resonance decaying to <f>K+n</f> and <f>K0Sp</f>, interpreted as a pentaquark. The results presented here support the existence of such state, with a mass of <f>1521.5±1.5(stat.)+2.8-1.7(syst.)</f> MeV and a Gaussian width consistent with the experimental resolution of 2 MeV. The signal is visible at high <f>Q2</f> and, for <f>Q2>20</f> GeV2, contains <f>221±48</f> events. The probability of a similar signal anywhere in the range 1500–1560 MeV arising from fluctuations of the background is below <f>6×10-5</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - STELLAR luminosity function
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13291281; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Loizides, J.H. Magill, S. 1 Miglioranzi, S. Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R.; Email Address: rik.yoshida@desy.de Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Pavel, N. 3 Antonioli, P. 4 Bari, G. 4 Basile, M. 4 Bellagamba, L. 4 Boscherini, D. 4 Bruni, A. 4 Bruni, G. 4 Cara Romeo, G. 4 Cifarelli, L. 4 Cindolo, F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, <cty>Argonne, IL</cty> 60439-4815, <cny cny-code="us">USA</cny><fn id="fn040">Supported by the US Department of Energy.</fn>  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104-0380, USA  3: Institut für Physik der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany  4: University and INFN Bologna, <cty>Bologna</cty>, <cny cny-code="it">Italy</cny><fn id="fn031">Supported by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).</fn>; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 591 Issue 1/2, p7; Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: STELLAR luminosity function; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.04.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Krakauer, D.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Miglioranzi, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
T1  - Search for contact interactions, large extra dimensions and finite quark radius in <f>ep</f> collisions at HERA
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 591
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 41
SN  - 03702693
AB  - A search for physics beyond the Standard Model has been performed with high-<f>Q2</f> neutral current deep inelastic scattering events recorded with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Two data sets, <f>e+p→e+X</f> and <f>e-p→e-X</f>, with respective integrated luminosities of 112 pb-1 and 16 pb-1, were analyzed. The data reach <f>Q2</f> values as high as 40 000 GeV2. No significant deviations from Standard Model predictions were observed. Limits were derived on the effective mass scale in <f>eeqq</f> contact interactions, the ratio of leptoquark mass to the Yukawa coupling for heavy leptoquark models and the mass scale parameter in models with large extra dimensions. The limit on the quark charge radius, in the classical form factor approximation, is <f>0.85×10-16</f> cm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIUS (Anatomy)
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13291282; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Krakauer, D. 1 Loizides, J.H. Magill, S. 1 Miglioranzi, S. Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R.; Email Address: rik.yoshida@desy.de Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Antonioli, P. 3 Bari, G. 3 Basile, M. 3 Bellagamba, L. 3 Boscherini, D. 3 Bruni, A. 3 Bruni, G. 3 Cara Romeo, G. 3 Cifarelli, L. 3 Cindolo, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, <cty>Argonne, IL</cty> 60439-4815, <cny cny-code="us">USA</cny><fn id="fn045">Supported by the US Department of Energy.</fn>  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104-0380, USA  3: University and INFN Bologna, <cty>Bologna</cty>, <cny cny-code="it">Italy</cny><fn id="fn036">Supported by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).</fn>; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 591 Issue 1/2, p23; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIUS (Anatomy); Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.081
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, A.G.
AU  - Patel, D.
AU  - Simpson, G.S.
AU  - Wall, R.M.
AU  - Smith, J.F.
AU  - Onakanmi, O.J.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Greene, J.P.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Lister, C.J.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Kondev, F.G.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Gall, B.J.P.
AU  - Dorvaux, O.
AU  - Roux, B.
T1  - The influence of <f>νh11/2</f> occupancy on the magnetic moments of collective <f>21+</f> states in <f>A∼100</f> fission fragments
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 591
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 60
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The magnetic moments of <f>Iπ=21+</f> states in even–even <f>A∼100</f> fission fragments have been measured using the Gammasphere array, using the technique of time-integral perturbed angular correlations. The data are interpreted within the context of the interacting boson model (IBA2) leading to the suggestion of a strong <f>νh11/2</f> component in the deformed <f>21+</f> states of this region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13291285; Smith, A.G. 1; Email Address: gavin.smith@man.ac.uk Patel, D. 1 Simpson, G.S. 1 Wall, R.M. 1 Smith, J.F. 1 Onakanmi, O.J. 1 Ahmad, I. 2 Greene, J.P. 2 Carpenter, M.P. 2 Lauritsen, T. 2 Lister, C.J. 2 Janssens, R.V.F. 2 Kondev, F.G. 2 Seweryniak, D. 2 Gall, B.J.P. 3 Dorvaux, O. 3 Roux, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Institut de Recherches Subatomique, CNRS-IN2P3, et Université Louis Pasteur, 67037, Strasbourg, France; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 591 Issue 1/2, p55; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.091
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kettell, S. H.
AU  - Landsberg, L. G.
AU  - Nguyen, H.
T1  - Alternative Technique for Standard Model Estimation of the Rare Kaon Decay Branchings [formula].
JO  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
JF  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 67
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1398
EP  - 1407
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637788
AB  - We estimate BR(K→πv&vline;) in the context of the Standard Model by fitting for δt≡VtdVts∗ of the “kaon unitarity triangle” relation. To find the vertex of this triangle, we fit data from ¦εK¦, the CP-violating parameter describing K mixing, and aψK, the CP-violating asymmetry in Bd0→J/ψK0 decays, and obtain the values BR(K+→π+v&vline;)¦SM = (7.07 ± 1.03) × 10-11 and BR(KL0)¦SM = (2.60 ± 0.52) × 10–11. Our estimate is independent of the CKM matrix element Vcb and of the ratio of B-mixing frequencies ΔmBs/ΔmBd. We also use the constraint estimation of δt with additional data from ΔmBd and ¦Vub¦. This combined analysis slightly increases the precision of the rate estimation of K+→π+v&vline; and KL0→π0v&vline;(by&approx;10 and &approx;20%, respectively).The measured value of BR(K+→π+v&vline;) can be compared both to this estimate and to predictions made from ΔmBs/ΔmBd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Atomic Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KAONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13867591; Kettell, S. H. 1 Landsberg, L. G. 2 Nguyen, H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA  2: Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow oblast, 142280 Russia  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 67 Issue 7, p1398; Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1777296
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867591&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ritchie, Burke
T1  - Quantum-shell corrections to Thomas–Fermi–Dirac equation-of-state theory.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3417
EP  - 3422
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Quantum-shell corrections are made directly to the finite-temperature Thomas–Fermi–Dirac (TFD) statistical model of the atom by a partition of the electronic density into bound and free parts. The bound part is calculated using analytic basis functions whose parameters are chosen to minimize the energy and pressure. Poisson’s equation is solved for the modified density. The shock Hugoniot is calculated for aluminum. Shell effects characteristic of quantum self-consistent field (QSCF) models are fully captured by the present theory. The use of a quantum decription of the bound density removes the physically spurious singularity at the origin which is present in TFD theory. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - THOMAS-Fermi theory
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - ATOMIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 13472491; Ritchie, Burke 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p3417; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: THOMAS-Fermi theory; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1751174
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13472491&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slutz, S.A.
AU  - Vesey, R.A.
AU  - Shoemaker, I.
AU  - Mehlhorn, T.A.
AU  - Cochrane, K.
T1  - Subignition fusion yields generated by fast heating of compressed deuterium–tritium and break-even scaling.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3483
EP  - 3490
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A simple model is presented to calculate the fusion yield from the fast heating of compressed deuterium–tritium (DT). The model is applicable when the fusion yield is small enough to neglect self-heating. Since 80% of the fusion yield escapes as 14 MeV neutrons, self-heating is small as long as the fusion yield is less than the deposited energy, i.e., the fusion gain, Q≤1. We show the model is in good agreement with detailed numerical simulations when this condition is satisfied, as will be the case for fast ignition experiments in the near future. The model is used to calculate the fast heating fusion yields as a function of the important parameters such as the fuel density, deposited energy, and pulse length. The model is also used to obtain the minimum energy, Eq1, and the fuel diameter, d, necessary to obtain Q=1, which is given approximately by the scaling laws Eq1=15.3(ρ/100)-1.5 kJ, and d=16.5(ρ/100)-0.84 μm, where ρ is the DT density. These scaling laws should help the design of Q=1 experiments. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - FUEL
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - TRITIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13472484; Slutz, S.A. 1 Vesey, R.A. 1 Shoemaker, I. 1 Mehlhorn, T.A. 1 Cochrane, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1186  2: Ktech Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106-4265; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p3483; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: TRITIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753574
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13472484&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Zhehui
AU  - Tang, X.Z.
T1  - Compact toroids with Alfvénic flows.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3502
EP  - 3509
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The Chandrasekhar equilibria form a class of stationary ideal magnetohydrodynamics equilibria stabilized by magnetic-field-aligned Alfvénic flows. Analytic solutions of the Chandrasekhar equilibria are explicitly constructed for both field-reversed configurations and spheromaks. Favorable confinement property of nested closed flux surfaces and the ideal magnetohydrodynamic stability of the compact toroids are of interest for both magnetic trapping of high energy electrons in astrophysics and confinement of high temperature plasmas in laboratory. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - PHASE rule & equilibrium
KW  - TOROIDAL harmonics
KW  - HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves
KW  - PLASMA waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13472481; Wang, Zhehui 1; Email Address: zwang@lanl.gov Tang, X.Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p3502; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: PHASE rule & equilibrium; Subject Term: TOROIDAL harmonics; Subject Term: HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1755707
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13472481&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miles, A.R.
AU  - Braun, D.G.
AU  - Edwards, M.J.
AU  - Robey, H.F.
AU  - Drake, R.P.
AU  - Leibrandt, D.R.
T1  - Numerical simulation of supernova-relevant laser-driven hydro experiments on OMEGA.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3631
EP  - 3645
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - In ongoing experiments performed on the OMEGA laser [J. M. Soures et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 2108 (1996)] at the University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, nanosecond laser pulses are used to drive strong blast waves into two-layer targets. Perturbations on the interface between the two materials are unstable to the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability as a result of shock transit and the Rayleigh–Taylor instability during the deceleration-phase behind the shock front. These experiments are designed to produce a strongly shocked interface whose evolution is a scaled version of the unstable hydrogen–helium interface in core-collapse supernovae such as SN 1987A. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop an understanding of the effect of hydrodynamic instabilities and the resulting transition to turbulence on supernovae observables that remain as yet unexplained. The authors are, at present, particularly interested in the development of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability through the late nonlinear stage, the transition to turbulence, and the subsequent transport of material within the turbulent region. In this paper, the results of numerical simulations of two-dimensional (2D) single and multimode experiments are presented. These simulations are run using the 2D Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian radiation hydrodynamics code CALE [R. T. Barton, Numerical Astrophysics (Jones and Bartlett, Boston, 1985)]. The simulation results are shown to compare well with experimental radiography. A buoyancy-drag model captures the behavior of the single-mode interface, but gives only partial agreement in the multimode cases. The Richtmyer–Meshkov and target decompression contributions to the perturbation growth are both estimated and shown to be significant. Significant dependence of the simulation results on the material equation of state is demonstrated, and the prospect of continuing the experiments to conclusively demonstrate the transition to turbulence is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 13472464; Miles, A.R. 1,2; Email Address: miles15@llnl.gov Braun, D.G. 1 Edwards, M.J. 3 Robey, H.F. Drake, R.P. Leibrandt, D.R.; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20741  3: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p3631; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1753274
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13472464&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fredrickson, E.D.
AU  - Gorelenkov, N.N.
AU  - Menard, J.
T1  - Phenomenology of compressional Alfvén eigenmodes.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 11
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3653
EP  - 3659
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Coherent oscillations with frequency 0.3≤ω/ωci≤1, are seen in the National Spherical Torus Experiment [M. Ono, S. M. Kaye, Y.-K. M. Peng et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)]. This paper presents new data and analysis comparing characteristics of the observed modes to the model of compressional Alfvén eigenmodes (CAE). The toroidal mode number has been measured and is typically between 7<<em>n</em><9. The polarization of the modes, measured using an array of four Mirnov coils, is found to be compressional. The frequency scaling of the modes agrees with the predictions of a numerical two-dimensional code, but the detailed structure of the spectrum is not captured with the simple model. The fast ion distribution function, as calculated with the beam deposition code in TRANSP [R. V. Budny, Nucl. Fusion 34, 1247 (1994)], is shown to be qualitatively consistent with the constraints of the Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance drive model. This model also predicts the observed scaling of the low frequency limit for CAE. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - EIGENFUNCTIONS
KW  - INTEGRAL equations -- Numerical solutions
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations -- Numerical solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 13472462; Fredrickson, E.D. 1 Gorelenkov, N.N. 1 Menard, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p3653; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: EIGENFUNCTIONS; Subject Term: INTEGRAL equations -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems -- Numerical solutions; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations -- Numerical solutions; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1760094
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13472462&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quigg, Chris
T1  - Mastering the Art of Show-and-Tell.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 57
IS  - 7
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 59
EP  - 60
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Reviews two books about science.  "The Craft of Scientific Presentations: Critical Steps to Succeed and Critical Errors to Avoid," by Michael Alley; "The Chicago Guide to Communicating Science," by Scott L. Montgomery.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - ALLEY, Michael
KW  - MONTGOMERY, Scott L.
KW  - CRAFT of Scientific Presentations: Critical Steps to Succeed & Critical Errors to Avoid, The (Book)
KW  - CHICAGO Guide to Communicating Science: Chicago Guides to Writing, Editing & Publishing, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13645866; Quigg, Chris 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical physicist, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 57 Issue 7, p59; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: CRAFT of Scientific Presentations: Critical Steps to Succeed & Critical Errors to Avoid, The (Book); Reviews & Products: CHICAGO Guide to Communicating Science: Chicago Guides to Writing, Editing & Publishing, The (Book); People: ALLEY, Michael; People: MONTGOMERY, Scott L.; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 1062
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babich, L. P.
AU  - Donskoy, E. N.
AU  - Il'kaev, R. I.
AU  - Kutsyk, I. M.
AU  - Roussel-Dupre, R. A.
T1  - Fundamental Parameters of a Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanche in Air.
JO  - Plasma Physics Reports
JF  - Plasma Physics Reports
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 30
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 616
EP  - 624
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 1063780X
AB  - A relativistic runaway electron avalanche in air is simulated numerically by the Monte Carlo method with allowance for a large number of elementary processes involving electrons, positrons, and photons. The characteristic time scale of the avalanche amplification is calculated as a function of the overvoltage δ relative to the minimum value of the drag force between the electrons and the atomic particles of the medium. The dynamics of the formation of the electron energy distribution is investigated. The steady-state mean electron energy depends weakly on δ. Over a wide range of δ values, there exists a universal electron energy distribution, which is essentially independent of δ. The angular distributions of electrons integrated over energies, as well as the angular distributions for different energy groups, are calculated. Analytic approximations for the energy and angular distributions are obtained. © 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plasma Physics Reports is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - BREAKDOWN voltage
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13867574; Babich, L. P. 1 Donskoy, E. N. 1 Il'kaev, R. I. 1 Kutsyk, I. M. 1 Roussel-Dupre, R. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: All-Russia Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Russian Federal Nuclear Center, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod oblast, 607188 Russia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545 USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 30 Issue 7, p616; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: BREAKDOWN voltage; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1778437
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13867574&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moretto, L.G.
AU  - Elliott, J.B.
AU  - Phair, L.
T1  - From finite charged nuclei to infinite symmetric nuclear matter and its phase diagram
JO  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
JF  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 112
SN  - 01466410
AB  - The difficulties encountered with Coulomb and finite size effects in generalizing to the infinite system phase diagram are considered. Methods to correct for the Coulomb effect exactly and to eliminate finite size effects are described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Finite size effects
KW  - Multifragmentation
KW  - Nuclear liquid–vapor phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 13166867; Moretto, L.G.; Email Address: lgmoretto@lbl.gov Elliott, J.B. 1 Phair, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS: 71-259, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p101; Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite size effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multifragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear liquid–vapor phase transition; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ppnp.2004.02.030
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13166867&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Nu
T1  - Study of bulk properties at high energy nuclear collisions—the search for the partonic equation of state at RHIC
JO  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
JF  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
EP  - 182
SN  - 01466410
AB  - We discuss recent results from RHIC. Issues of energy loss and partonic collectivity from Au+Au collisions at <f>√ of sNN=200</f> GeV are the focus of this paper. We propose a path toward the understanding of the partonic equation of state in high energy nuclear collisions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13166874; Xu, Nu 1; Email Address: nxu@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 70R0319, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p165; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ppnp.2004.02.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13166874&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tannenbaum, M.J.
T1  - <f>ET</f> and other event-by-event distributions from AGS to RHIC energies
JO  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
JF  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 252
SN  - 01466410
AB  - Event-by-event distributions in multiplicity, <f>ET</f> and <f>〈pT〉</f> are illustrated and techniques to understand them are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Multiplicity
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ET
KW  - Event-by-event
N1  - Accession Number: 13166880; Tannenbaum, M.J. 1; Email Address: mjt@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, 510c, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p239; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Multiplicity; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: ET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Event-by-event; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ppnp.2004.02.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13166880&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hatta, Y.
T1  - New signature of the QCD critical point
JO  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
JF  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 53
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 350
SN  - 01466410
AB  - We argue that the event-by-event fluctuation of the proton number is a meaningful and promising observable to detect the QCD critical point in heavy-ion collision experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRITICAL point
KW  - IONS
KW  - CRITICAL phenomena (Physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - 12.38.-t
KW  - Baryon number fluctuation
KW  - QCD critical point
N1  - Accession Number: 13166893; Hatta, Y. 1,2,3; Email Address: hatta@quark.phy.bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan  2: The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  3: High Energy Theory, Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 53 Issue 1, p347; Subject Term: CRITICAL point; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: CRITICAL phenomena (Physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.38.-t; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baryon number fluctuation; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCD critical point; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ppnp.2004.02.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13166893&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mensing, Scott A.
AU  - Benson, Larry V.
AU  - Kashgarian, Michaele
AU  - Lund, Steve
T1  - A Holocene pollen record of persistent droughts from Pyramid Lake, Nevada, USA
JO  - Quaternary Research
JF  - Quaternary Research
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 62
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 29
EP  - 38
SN  - 00335894
AB  - Pollen and algae microfossils preserved in sediments from Pyramid Lake, Nevada, provide evidence for periods of persistent drought during the Holocene age. We analyzed one hundred nineteen 1-cm-thick samples for pollen and algae from a set of cores that span the past 7630 years. The early middle Holocene, 7600 to 6300 cal yr B.P., was found to be the driest period, although it included one short but intense wet phase. We suggest that Lake Tahoe was below its rim for most of this period, greatly reducing the volume and depth of Pyramid Lake. Middle Holocene aridity eased between 5000 and 3500 cal yr B.P. and climate became variable with distinct wet and dry phases. Lake Tahoe probably spilled intermittently during this time. No core was recovered that represented the period between 3500 and 2600 cal yr B.P. The past 2500 years appear to have had recurrent persistent droughts. The timing and magnitude of droughts identified in the pollen record compares favorably with previously published δ18O data from Pyramid Lake. The timing of these droughts also agrees with the ages of submerged rooted stumps in the Eastern Sierra Nevada and woodrat midden data from central Nevada. Prolonged drought episodes appear to correspond with the timing of ice drift minima (solar maxima) identified from North Atlantic marine sediments, suggesting that changes in solar irradiance may be a possible mechanism influencing century-scale drought in the western Great Basin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Quaternary Research is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - PYRAMID Lake (Nev.)
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - GREAT Basin
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Drought
KW  - Great Basin
KW  - Holocene
KW  - Nevada
KW  - Pollen
KW  - Pyramid Lake
N1  - Accession Number: 13705401; Mensing, Scott A. 1; Email Address: smensing@unr.edu Benson, Larry V. 2 Kashgarian, Michaele 3 Lund, Steve 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA  2: U.S. Geological Survey, 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA  4: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 62 Issue 1, p29; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: PYRAMID Lake (Nev.); Subject Term: NEVADA; Subject Term: GREAT Basin; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drought; Author-Supplied Keyword: Great Basin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nevada; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyramid Lake; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.yqres.2004.04.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Roy, Suprakash
AU  - Young, Linda
T1  - Indo–US workshop on Radiation Physics with Synchrotrons and Other New Sources
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 465
SN  - 0969806X
N1  - Accession Number: 12836688; Roy, Suprakash 1; Email Address: sup_roy@yahoo.com Young, Linda 2; Email Address: young@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Bose Institute, 93-1, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Calcutta 700 009, India  2: Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p465; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12836688&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adams, Bernhard W.
T1  - Diffractive sub-picosecond manipulation of X-rays
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - A class of X-ray optical elements for the sub-picosecond manipulation of X-rays is proposed. The design of these elements is based upon a time-dependent dynamical diffraction theory that synthesizes the eikonal theory with the Takagi–Taupin theory. A brief outline of the theory is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - EIKONAL equation
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - Dynamical diffraction
KW  - Eikonal
KW  - Takagi
KW  - Ultrafast processes
N1  - Accession Number: 12836689; Adams, Bernhard W. 1; Email Address: adams@aps.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p469; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: EIKONAL equation; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamical diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eikonal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Takagi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafast processes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.040
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12836689&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berrah, N.
AU  - Bilodeau, R.C.
AU  - Ackerman, G.
AU  - Bozek, J.D.
AU  - Turri, G.
AU  - Kukk, E.
AU  - Cheng, W.T.
AU  - Snell, G.
T1  - Probing atomic and molecular dynamics from within
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - We have investigated with unprecedented levels of detail photodetachment of negative ions and photoionization of molecules using the brightness, spectral resolution, and tunability of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. In particular, we report here on investigations carried out in K-shell photodetachment of atomic Li− and He−. We also report on angular distribution of core-level iodine 4d photoelectrons from the HI molecule. In both cases comparison with calculations is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTODETACHMENT threshold spectroscopy
KW  - Angular distribution of photoelectrons
KW  - Molecular-field splitting
KW  - Natural linewidth
KW  - Negative ions
KW  - Photodetachment
KW  - Photoionization
N1  - Accession Number: 12836691; Berrah, N. 1; Email Address: berrah@wmich.edu Bilodeau, R.C. 1,2 Ackerman, G. 2 Bozek, J.D. 2 Turri, G. 1,2 Kukk, E. 3 Cheng, W.T. 1,4 Snell, G. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Western Michigan University, Everett Tower Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physical Sciences, Oulu University, Oulu FIN-90570, Finland  4: Department of Physics, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan, 32054, ROC; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p491; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTODETACHMENT threshold spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angular distribution of photoelectrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular-field splitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural linewidth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photodetachment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionization; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12836691&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crowell, Robert A.
AU  - Gosztola, David J.
AU  - Shkrob, Ilya A.
AU  - Oulianov, Dmitri A.
AU  - Jonah, Charles D.
AU  - Rajh, Tijana
T1  - Ultrafast processes in radiation chemistry
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Ultrafast (<10−11 s) physical processes play a pivotal role in radiation-induced chemical reactions. Due to the lack of subpicosecond pulse radiolysis tools knowledge of these events is lacking. We describe the development of laser-based techniques that are designed to provide a source of femtosecond electron and X-ray pulses for chemical physics research. Terawatt laser systems have succeeded in relativistically accelerating subpicosecond electron bunches to energies greater than 5 MeV. The electron pulses generated this way are suitable for pulse radiolysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION chemistry
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - LASERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Self modulated laser
KW  - Terawatt laser
KW  - Ultrafast spectroscopy
KW  - Wake field accelerator
N1  - Accession Number: 12836692; Crowell, Robert A.; Email Address: rob_crowell@anl.gov Gosztola, David J. 1 Shkrob, Ilya A. 1 Oulianov, Dmitri A. 1 Jonah, Charles D. 1 Rajh, Tijana 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 200, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p501; Subject Term: RADIATION chemistry; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self modulated laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terawatt laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafast spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wake field accelerator; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12836692&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ditmire, T.
AU  - Bless, S.
AU  - Dyer, G.
AU  - Edens, A.
AU  - Grigsby, W.
AU  - Hays, G.
AU  - Madison, K.
AU  - Maltsev, A.
AU  - Colvin, J.
AU  - Edwards, M.J.
AU  - Lee, R.W.
AU  - Patel, P.
AU  - Price, D.
AU  - Remington, B.A.
AU  - Sheppherd, R.
AU  - Wootton, A.
AU  - Zweiback, J.
AU  - Liang, E.
AU  - Kielty, K.A.
T1  - Overview of future directions in high energy-density and high-field science using ultra-intense lasers
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 535
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - The increasing proliferation of 100 TW class ultrashort pulse lasers and the near completion of a number of petawatt class lasers world wide is opening many frontiers in laser science. Some of the most exciting frontiers rest in high energy-density science and high field physics. A multi-TW laser can create heated matter with pressure in excess of a Gbar and can create electric fields of ten to one hundred atomic units. In this paper some of the recent advances in high energy density science and high field physics made using high intensity short pulse lasers will be reviewed with illustrative examples from work performed at the University of Texas and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 12836696; Ditmire, T. 1; Email Address: tditmire@physics.utexas.edu Bless, S. 1 Dyer, G. 1 Edens, A. 1 Grigsby, W. 1 Hays, G. 1 Madison, K. 1 Maltsev, A. 1 Colvin, J. 2 Edwards, M.J. 2 Lee, R.W. 2 Patel, P. 2 Price, D. 2 Remington, B.A. 2 Sheppherd, R. 2 Wootton, A. 2 Zweiback, J. 3 Liang, E. 4 Kielty, K.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA  4: Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p535; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12836696&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moncton, David E.
AU  - Graves, William S.
T1  - The MIT X-ray laser project
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Recent advances in accelerator, laser, and undulator technology have created the possibility of constructing a national user facility based on an intense free-electron laser at extreme ultraviolet and X-ray wavelengths. MIT is exploring the construction of such a facility at its Bates Laboratory site, 20 miles north of Cambridge. The science that is foreseen spans many disciplines including atomic and fundamental physics, condensed matter physics and materials sciences, femtochemistry, structural biology, and various fields of engineering. The source we propose, and the experimental methods it will spawn, will generally be qualitatively new and have high impact in many fields of science and technology. The strength of the science and technology base in the northeast region, and in particular at MIT, make this a superb location for such a national user facility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray lasers
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - NUCLEAR-pumped lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 12836700; Moncton, David E. 1,2; Email Address: dem@mit.edu Graves, William S. 3; Email Address: wsgraves@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: MIT Department of Physics, 13-2038, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  3: MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center, 21 Manning Avenue, Middleton, MA 01949, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p577; Subject Term: X-ray lasers; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR-pumped lasers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.041
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12836700&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shenoy, G.K.
T1  - Advanced Photon Source: science retrospect and prospect
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 619
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - This overview will provide a brief introduction to the development of the synchrotron radiation field and discuss the science drivers that defined the advanced photon source. Successful efforts over the years towards higher spatial, temporal, momentum, and energy resolution, as well as use of X-ray polarization and partial coherence in the transverse direction are continuing to produce forefront science at the advanced photon source. These advances have resulted from continued enhancement in the average brightness of X-ray beams, control of polarization, X-ray pulse delivery pattern, constant intensity operation, and matching X-ray optical schemes. The success will be illustrated through selected examples. The ascending scientific success of the advanced photon source will continue through the development of superior real-time and real-space techniques to study spin and charge dynamics and through further enhancement of average brightness, which will increase the feasibility of many energy- and momentum-resolution experiments that are currently marginal. Before the turn of the decade, we expect the merger of the techniques in the synchrotron radiation field and laser field to result in X-ray free-electron lasers, which will provide fully coherent beams of X-rays with unprecedented peak brightness and femtosecond resolution. It is the intent of this overview to set the stage for more detailed discussions consistent with the objective of the workshop. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - COHERENCE (Optics)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - Advanced Photon Source
KW  - Beam brightness
KW  - Coherence
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - X-ray free–electron laser
N1  - Accession Number: 12836705; Shenoy, G.K. 1; Email Address: gks@aps.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p619; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Optics); Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced Photon Source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam brightness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray free–electron laser; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.030
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12836705&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinha, Sunil K.
T1  - Application of synchrotron radiation techniques to nanoscience
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - The development of high-brilliance synchrotron radiation sources have provided powerful new methods for probing the structure and dynamics of nanostructured materials. We shall review some of the recent applications of synchrotron radiation techniques to the study of nanomaterials. These include both scattering and real-space imaging methods and the use of coherent X-ray beams for studying nanostructures, the use of resonant magnetic scattering to study magnetic nanostructures, and the use of photon correlation spectroscopy to study their dynamics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - LIGHT beating spectroscopy
KW  - Nanoscience
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Wave guide
KW  - X-ray imaging
KW  - X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12836706; Sinha, Sunil K. 1; Email Address: ssinha@physics.ucsd.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Physics Department, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0319, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p633; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: LIGHT beating spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoscience; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wave guide; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.048
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12836706&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Neville V.
T1  - The ALS on completion of its first decade
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 641
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - The Advanced Light Source (ALS), a third-generation synchrotron facility optimized for ultraviolet and soft X-rays, started operation in 1993. The current status of the facility will be described, and highlights of recent research in areas such as condensed-matter physics, EUV lithography, and nanomagnetism will be presented. A strategic vision for the ALS into its next decade and beyond will be outlined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - Synchrotron facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 12836707; Smith, Neville V. 1; Email Address: nvsmith@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 80R0114, Advanced Light Source, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p641; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.044
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Southworth, S.H.
AU  - Dunford, R.W.
AU  - Ederer, D.L.
AU  - Kanter, E.P.
AU  - Krässig, B.
AU  - Young, L.
T1  - Inner-shell photoionization in weak and strong radiation fields
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 70
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 655
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - The X-ray beams presently produced at synchrotron-radiation facilities interact weakly with matter, and the observation of double photoionization is due to electron–electron interactions. The intensities of future X-ray free-electron lasers are expected to produce double photoionization by absorption of two photons. The example of double K-shell photoionization of neon is discussed in the one- and two-photon cases. We also describe an experiment in which X rays photoionize the K shell of krypton in the presence of a strong AC field imposed by an optical laser. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INNER-shell ionization
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - Photoionization
KW  - Synchrotron-radiation
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 12836709; Southworth, S.H.; Email Address: southworth@anl.gov Dunford, R.W. 1 Ederer, D.L. Kanter, E.P. 1 Krässig, B. 1 Young, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 70 Issue 4/5, p655; Subject Term: INNER-shell ionization; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron-radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2003.12.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkov, Yu. F.
AU  - Tomilin, S. V.
AU  - Lukinykh, A. N.
AU  - Lizin, A. A.
AU  - Elesin, A. A.
AU  - Yakovenko, A. G.
AU  - Spiryakov, V. I.
AU  - Bychkov, A. V.
AU  - Jardine, L. J.
T1  - Titanate Ceramics with Pyrochlore Structure as a Matrix for Immobilization of Excess Weapons-Grade Plutonium: I. Radiation Resistance.
JO  - Radiochemistry
JF  - Radiochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 351
EP  - 357
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10663622
AB  - Radiation resistance of titanate ceramics of a complex cationic composition with the pyrochlore structure, containing U, Pu, Ca, Gd, and Hf, is studied from the standpoint of its use for immobilization of excess weapons-grade plutonium. To induce radiation damage of the host matrix, isomorphic incorporation of 238Pu (t1/2 = 87.7 years) at the ceramics preparation stage was used. Radiation-induced structural transformations in the ceramics were monitored by X-ray diffraction up to the radiation doses providing full amorphization of the structure. The critical damaging (amorphization) dose for the ceramics studied is estimated to be about 120 ×1023 α-events m-3. Taking into account the planned concentration of incorporated 239Pu in the ceramics at a level of 10 wt %, the lower limit of amorphization time of the actual ceramics under conditions of a waste disposal site is estimated to be about 360 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Radiochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - RADIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14360725; Volkov, Yu. F. 1 Tomilin, S. V. 1 Lukinykh, A. N. 1 Lizin, A. A. 1 Elesin, A. A. 1 Yakovenko, A. G. 1 Spiryakov, V. I. 1 Bychkov, A. V. 1 Jardine, L. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Research Institute of Nuclear Reactors, Russian State Scientific Center, Dimitrovgrad, Ul'yanovsk oblast, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, the United States; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p351; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: TITANATES; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: RADIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkov, Yu. F.
AU  - Tomilin, S. V.
AU  - Lukinykh, A. N.
AU  - Lizin, A. A.
AU  - Elesin, A. A.
AU  - Yakovenko, A. G.
AU  - Spiryakov, V. I.
AU  - Konovalov, V. I.
AU  - Chistyakov, V. M.
AU  - Bychkov, A. V.
AU  - Jardine, L. J.
T1  - Titanate Ceramics with Pyrochlore Structure as a Matrix for Immobilization of Excess Weapons-Grade Plutonium: II. Hydrolytic Resistance.
JO  - Radiochemistry
JF  - Radiochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 358
EP  - 363
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10663622
AB  - Hydrolytic resistance of titanate ceramics of a complex cationic composition with the pyrochlore structure is studied from the standpoint of its use for immobilization of excess weapons-grade plutonium. Data are obtained for both as-prepared ceramics and that transferred into the metamict state under the action of self-irradiation due to the presence of 238Pu (accumulated dose ∼160 ×1023 α-events m-3). As-prepared ceramics demonstrate high chemical resistance (low leaching of environmentally significant U and Pu radionuclides). Metamictization results in increasing normalized weight loss (modified MCC-1 test at 90°C in distilled water) in a three-day leaching experiment: by about two orders of magnitude with respect to U and by over two orders, to Pu. The features of hydrolytic behavior of the complex ceramics studied are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Radiochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - LEACHING
KW  - RADIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14360724; Volkov, Yu. F. 1 Tomilin, S. V. 1 Lukinykh, A. N. 1 Lizin, A. A. 1 Elesin, A. A. 1 Yakovenko, A. G. 1 Spiryakov, V. I. 1 Konovalov, V. I. 1 Chistyakov, V. M. 1 Bychkov, A. V. 1 Jardine, L. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Research Institute of Nuclear Reactors, Russian State Scientific Center, Dimitrovgrad, Ul'yanovsk oblast, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, the United States; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p358; Subject Term: TITANATES; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: LEACHING; Subject Term: RADIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212291 Uranium-Radium-Vanadium Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Helton, J.C.
AU  - Oberkampf, W.L.
T1  - Alternative representations of epistemic uncertainty
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
SN  - 09518320
N1  - Accession Number: 13333541; Helton, J.C. 1; Email Address: jchelto@sandia.gov Oberkampf, W.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1804, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0828, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p1; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.03.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13333541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oberkampf, William L.
AU  - Helton, Jon C.
AU  - Joslyn, Cliff A.
AU  - Wojtkiewicz, Steven F.
AU  - Ferson, Scott
T1  - Challenge problems: uncertainty in system response given uncertain parameters
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 19
SN  - 09518320
AB  - The risk assessment community has begun to make a clear distinction between aleatory and epistemic uncertainty in theory and in practice. Aleatory uncertainty is also referred to in the literature as variability, irreducible uncertainty, inherent uncertainty, and stochastic uncertainty. Epistemic uncertainty is also termed reducible uncertainty, subjective uncertainty, and state-of-knowledge uncertainty. Methods to efficiently represent, aggregate, and propagate different types of uncertainty through computational models are clearly of vital importance. The most widely known and developed methods are available within the mathematics of probability theory, whether frequentist or subjectivist. Newer mathematical approaches, which extend or otherwise depart from probability theory, are also available, and are sometimes referred to as generalized information theory (GIT). For example, possibility theory, fuzzy set theory, and evidence theory are three components of GIT. To try to develop a better understanding of the relative advantages and disadvantages of traditional and newer methods and encourage a dialog between the risk assessment, reliability engineering, and GIT communities, a workshop was held. To focus discussion and debate at the workshop, a set of prototype problems, generally referred to as challenge problems, was constructed. The challenge problems concentrate on the representation, aggregation, and propagation of epistemic uncertainty and mixtures of epistemic and aleatory uncertainty through two simple model systems. This paper describes the challenge problems and gives numerical values for the different input parameters so that results from different investigators can be directly compared. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - UNCERTAINTY (Information theory)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - Aleatory uncertainty
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Irreducible uncertainty
KW  - Reducible uncertainty
KW  - Subjective uncertainty
KW  - Variability
N1  - Accession Number: 13333542; Oberkampf, William L. 1; Email Address: wloberk@sandia.gov Helton, Jon C. 2 Joslyn, Cliff A. 3 Wojtkiewicz, Steven F. 4 Ferson, Scott 5; Affiliation:  1: Validation and Uncertainty Estimation Department, MS 0828, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0828, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1804, USA  3: Knowledge Systems and Computational Biology, MS B265, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Structural Dynamics Research Department, MS 0847, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0847, USA  5: Applied Biomathematics, 100 North Country Road, Setauket, NY 11733, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p11; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY (Information theory); Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: INFORMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aleatory uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Irreducible uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reducible uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subjective uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variability; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.03.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13333542&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helton, J.C.
AU  - Johnson, J.D.
AU  - Oberkampf, W.L.
T1  - An exploration of alternative approaches to the representation of uncertainty in model predictions
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 71
SN  - 09518320
AB  - Several simple test problems are used to explore the following approaches to the representation of the uncertainty in model predictions that derives from uncertainty in model inputs: probability theory, evidence theory, possibility theory, and interval analysis. Each of the test problems has rather diffuse characterizations of the uncertainty in model inputs obtained from one or more equally credible sources. These given uncertainty characterizations are translated into the mathematical structure associated with each of the indicated approaches to the representation of uncertainty and then propagated through the model with Monte Carlo techniques to obtain the corresponding representation of the uncertainty in one or more model predictions. The different approaches to the representation of uncertainty can lead to very different appearing representations of the uncertainty in model predictions even though the starting information is exactly the same for each approach. To avoid misunderstandings and, potentially, bad decisions, these representations must be interpreted in the context of the theory/procedure from which they derive. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - UNCERTAINTY (Information theory)
KW  - INTERVAL analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Aleatory uncertainty
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Evidence theory
KW  - Interval analysis
KW  - Monte Carlo analysis
KW  - Possibility theory
KW  - Probability theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13333544; Helton, J.C. 1; Email Address: jchelto@sandia.gov Johnson, J.D. 2 Oberkampf, W.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1804, USA  2: ProStat, Mesa, AZ 85204-5326, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0828, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p39; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY (Information theory); Subject Term: INTERVAL analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aleatory uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evidence theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interval analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Possibility theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability theory; Number of Pages: 33p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.03.025
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13333544&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Red-Horse, J.R.
AU  - Benjamin, A.S.
T1  - A probabilistic approach to uncertainty quantification with limited information
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
EP  - 190
SN  - 09518320
AB  - Many safety assessments depend upon models that rely on probabilistic characterizations about which there is incomplete knowledge. For example, a system model may depend upon the time to failure of a piece of equipment for which no failures have actually been observed. The analysts in this case are faced with the task of developing a failure model for the equipment in question, having very limited knowledge about either the correct form of the failure distribution or the statistical parameters that characterize the distribution. They may assume that the process conforms to a Weibull or log-normal distribution or that it can be characterized by a particular mean or variance, but those assumptions impart more knowledge to the analysis than is actually available. To address this challenge, we propose a method where random variables comprising equivalence classes constrained by the available information are approximated using polynomial chaos expansions (PCEs). The PCE approximations are based on rigorous mathematical concepts developed from functional analysis and measure theory. The method has been codified in a computational tool, AVOCET, and has been applied successfully to example problems. Results indicate that it should be applicable to a broad range of engineering problems that are characterized by both irreducible andreducible uncertainty. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - FAILURE analysis (Engineering)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - RANDOM variables
KW  - Approximate information
KW  - Polynomial chaos expansion
KW  - Probability
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 13333552; Red-Horse, J.R. 1; Email Address: jrredho@sandia.gov Benjamin, A.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department 9133, MS 0828, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: ARES Corporation, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p183; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: FAILURE analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: RANDOM variables; Author-Supplied Keyword: Approximate information; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polynomial chaos expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.03.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13333552&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Weiye
AU  - Mac Hyman, James
T1  - Computer arithmetic for probability distribution variables
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 209
SN  - 09518320
AB  - The uncertainty in the variables and functions in computer simulations can be quantified by probability distributions and the correlations between the variables. We augment the standard computer arithmetic operations and the interval arithmetic approach to include probability distribution variable (PDV) as a basic data type. Probability distribution variable is a random variable that is usually characterized by generalized probabilistic discretization. The correlations or dependencies between PDVs that arise in a computation are automatically calculated and tracked. These correlations are used by the computer arithmetic rules to achieve the convergent approximation of the probability distribution function of a PDV and to guarantee that the derived bounds include the true solution. In many calculations, the calculated uncertainty bounds for PDVs are much tighter than they would have been had the dependencies been ignored. We describe the new PDV Arithmetic and verify the effectiveness of the approach to account for the creation and propagation of uncertainties in a computer program due to uncertainties in the initial data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - UNCERTAINTY (Information theory)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - RANDOM variables
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - Dependency bound
KW  - Dependency tracking
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Interval arithmetic
KW  - Interval computation
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - PDV arithmetic
KW  - Probabilistic arithmetic
KW  - Probabilistic discretization
KW  - Probability bound
KW  - Probability box
KW  - Uncertainty computation
N1  - Accession Number: 13333553; Li, Weiye; Email Address: liw@lanl.gov Mac Hyman, James 1; Email Address: mac@t7.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematical Modeling and Analysis, Theoretical Division, Group T-7, Mail Stop B284, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p191; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY (Information theory); Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: RANDOM variables; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dependency bound; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dependency tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interval arithmetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interval computation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: PDV arithmetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic arithmetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic discretization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability bound; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability box; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty computation; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.03.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rutherford, Brian
T1  - A response-modeling approach to characterization and propagation of uncertainty specified over intervals
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 222
SN  - 09518320
AB  - Computational simulation methods have advanced to a point where simulation can contribute substantially in many areas of systems analysis. One research challenge that has accompanied this transition involves the characterization of uncertainty in both computer model inputs and the resulting system response. This article addresses a subset of the ‘challenge problems’ posed in [Challenge problems: uncertainty in system response given uncertain parameters, 2001] where uncertainty or information is specified over intervals of the input parameters and inferences based on the response are required. The emphasis of the article is to describe and illustrate a method for performing tasks associated with this type of modeling ‘economically’-requiring relatively few evaluations of the system to get a precise estimate of the response. This ‘response-modeling approach’ is used to approximate a probability distribution for the system response. The distribution is then used: (1) to make inferences concerning probabilities associated with response intervals and (2) to guide in determining further, informative, system evaluations to perform. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SYSTEM analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
KW  - Belief functions
KW  - Computational modeling
KW  - Dempster Shafer theory
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Interval uncertainty
KW  - Sandia challenge problems
N1  - Accession Number: 13333554; Rutherford, Brian 1; Email Address: bmruthe@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department 12323, Sandia National Laboratories, MS0829, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p211; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SYSTEM analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Belief functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dempster Shafer theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interval uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sandia challenge problems; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.03.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Booker, Jane M.
AU  - McNamara, Laura A.
T1  - Solving black box computation problems using expert knowledge theory and methods
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
EP  - 340
SN  - 09518320
AB  - The challenge problems for the Epistemic Uncertainty Workshop at Sandia National Laboratories provide common ground for comparing different mathematical theories of uncertainty, referred to as General Information Theories (GITs). These problems also present the opportunity to discuss the use of expert knowledge as an important constituent of uncertainty quantification. More specifically, how do the principles and methods of eliciting and analyzing expert knowledge apply to these problems and similar ones encountered in complex technical problem solving and decision making? We will address this question, demonstrating how the elicitation issues and the knowledge that experts provide can be used to assess the uncertainty in outputs that emerge from a black box model or computational code represented by the challenge problems. In our experience, the rich collection of GITs provides an opportunity to capture the experts'' knowledge and associated uncertainties consistent with their thinking, problem solving, and problem representation. The elicitation process is rightly treated as part of an overall analytical approach, and the information elicited is not simply a source of data. In this paper, we detail how the elicitation process itself impacts the analyst''s ability to represent, aggregate, and propagate uncertainty, as well as how to interpret uncertainties in outputs. While this approach does not advocate a specific GIT, answers under uncertainty do result from the elicitation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - UNCERTAINTY (Information theory)
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - PROBLEM solving
KW  - Elicitation
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Expert judgment
KW  - Probability theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13333563; Booker, Jane M.; Email Address: jmb@lanl.gov McNamara, Laura A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS P946, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p331; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY (Information theory); Subject Term: INFORMATION theory; Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: PROBLEM solving; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elicitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expert judgment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability theory; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.03.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13333563&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferson, Scott
AU  - Joslyn, Cliff A.
AU  - Helton, Jon C.
AU  - Oberkampf, William L.
AU  - Sentz, Kari
T1  - Summary from the epistemic uncertainty workshop: consensus amid diversity
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 85
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 355
EP  - 369
SN  - 09518320
AB  - The ‘Epistemic Uncertainty Workshop’ sponsored by Sandia National Laboratories was held in Albuquerque, New Mexico, on 6–7 August 2002. The workshop was organized around a set of Challenge Problems involving both epistemic and aleatory uncertainty that the workshop participants were invited to solve and discuss. This concluding article in a special issue of Reliability Engineering and System Safety based on the workshop discusses the intent of the Challenge Problems, summarizes some discussions from the workshop, and provides a technical comparison among the papers in this special issue. The Challenge Problems were computationally simple models that were intended as vehicles for the illustration and comparison of conceptual and numerical techniques for use in analyses that involve: (i) epistemic uncertainty, (ii) aggregation of multiple characterizations of epistemic uncertainty, (iii) combination of epistemic and aleatory uncertainty, and (iv) models with repeated parameters. There was considerable diversity of opinion at the workshop about both methods and fundamental issues, and yet substantial consensus about what the answers to the problems were, and even about how each of the four issues should be addressed. Among the technical approaches advanced were probability theory, Dempster–Shafer evidence theory, random sets, sets of probability measures, imprecise coherent probabilities, coherent lower previsions, probability boxes, possibility theory, fuzzy sets, joint distribution tableaux, polynomial chaos expansions, and info-gap models. Although some participants maintained that a purely probabilistic approach is fully capable of accounting for all forms of uncertainty, most agreed that the treatment of epistemic uncertainty introduces important considerations and that the issues underlying the Challenge Problems are legitimate and significant. Topics identified as meriting additional research include elicitation of uncertainty representations, aggregation of multiple uncertainty representations, dependence and independence, model uncertainty, solution of black-box problems, efficient sampling strategies for computation, and communication of analysis results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - UNCERTAINTY (Information theory)
KW  - RELIABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - ALBUQUERQUE (N.M.)
KW  - NEW Mexico
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Aggregation
KW  - Aleatory uncertainty
KW  - Challenge Problems
KW  - Epistemic uncertainty
KW  - Independence in imprecise probability models
KW  - Interval uncertainty
KW  - Repeated parameters
N1  - Accession Number: 13333565; Ferson, Scott 1; Email Address: scott@ramas.com Joslyn, Cliff A. 2 Helton, Jon C. 3 Oberkampf, William L. 4 Sentz, Kari 2; Affiliation:  1: Applied Biomathematics, 100 North Country Road, Setauket, NY 11733, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA  4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0828, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1-3, p355; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY (Information theory); Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Engineering); Subject Term: ALBUQUERQUE (N.M.); Subject Term: NEW Mexico; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aleatory uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Challenge Problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epistemic uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Independence in imprecise probability models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interval uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repeated parameters; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.03.023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13333565&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Faith in Conservation, New Approaches to Religions and the Environment: Martin Palmer, Victoria Finlay, The World Bank, Washington, DC, August 2003, Paperback, 166 pp., ISBN 0-8213-5559-7
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 365
EP  - 366
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 13114075; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS: 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 41 Issue 4, p365; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2003.11.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13114075&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lavrik, Nickolay V.
AU  - Sepaniak, Michael J.
AU  - Datsko, Panos G.
T1  - Cantilever transducers as a platform for chemical and biological sensors.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 75
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2229
EP  - 2253
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Since the late 1980s there have been spectacular developments in micromechanical or microelectro-mechanical (MEMS) systems which have enabled the exploration of transduction modes that involve mechanical energy and are based primarily on mechanical phenomena. As a result an innovative family of chemical and biological sensors has emerged. In this article, we discuss sensors with transducers in a form of cantilevers. While MEMS represents a diverse family of designs, devices with simple cantilever configurations are especially attractive as transducers for chemical and biological sensors. The review deals with four important aspects of cantilever transducers: (i) operation principles and models; (ii) microfabrication; (iii) figures of merit; and (iv) applications of cantilever sensors. We also provide a brief analysis of historical predecessors of the modern cantilever sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSDUCERS
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances -- Design & construction
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13719718; Lavrik, Nickolay V. 1 Sepaniak, Michael J. 2 Datsko, Panos G. 1,2; Email Address: datskospg@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6141  2: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 75 Issue 7, p2229; Subject Term: TRANSDUCERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances -- Design & construction; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1763252
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13719718&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abrokosov, A. A.
T1  - Nobel Lecture: Type-II superconductors and the vortex lattice.
JO  - Reviews of Modern Physics
JF  - Reviews of Modern Physics
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul2004 Part 1
VL  - 76
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 975
EP  - 979
SN  - 00346861
AB  - Discusses the study published by Vitaly Ginzburg and Lev Landau which focused on the theory of superconductivity.  Magnetic properties of type-II superconductors; Measurement of the magnetization of superconducting alloys; Other studies on superconductivity.
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - GINZBURG, V. L. (Vitalii Lazarevich), 1916-2009
KW  - LANDAU, L. D. (Lev Davidovich), 1908-1968
N1  - Accession Number: 15744127; Abrokosov, A. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 1, Vol. 76 Issue 3, p975; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; People: GINZBURG, V. L. (Vitalii Lazarevich), 1916-2009; People: LANDAU, L. D. (Lev Davidovich), 1908-1968; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Le Maítre, Olivier
AU  - Reagant, M. T.
AU  - Debusschere, B.
AU  - Najmt, H. N.
AU  - Ghanem, R. G.
AU  - Knio, O. M.
T1  - NATURAL CONVECTION IN A CLOSED CAVITY UNDER STOCHASTIC NON-BOUSSINESQ CONDITIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 394
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - A stochastic projection method (SPM) is developed for quantitative propagation of uncertainty in compressible zero-Mach-number flows. The formulation is based on a spectral representation of uncertainty using the polynomial chaos (PC) system, and on a Galerkin approach to determining the PC coefficients. Governing equations for the stochastic modes are solved using a mass-conservative projection method. The formulation incorporates a specially tailored stochastic inverse procedure for exactly satisfying the mass-conservation divergence constraints. A brief validation of the zero-Mach-number solver is first performed, based on simulations of natural convection in a closed cavity. The SPM is then applied to analyze the steady-state behavior of the heat transfer and of the velocity and temperature fields under stochastic non-Boussinesq conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - GALERKIN methods
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - Karhunen-Loève
KW  - natural convection
KW  - Navier-Stokes
KW  - polynomial chaos
KW  - stochastic
KW  - uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 16196097; Le Maítre, Olivier 1; Email Address: olm@iup.univ-evry.fr Reagant, M. T. 2; Email Address: mtreaga@ca.sandia.gov Debusschere, B. 2; Email Address: bjdebus@ca.sandia.gov Najmt, H. N. 2; Email Address: hnnajm@ca.sandia.gov Ghanem, R. G. 3; Email Address: ghanem@jhu.edu Knio, O. M. 4; Email Address: knio@jhu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Centre d'Etudes de Mécanique d'Ile de France, Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, 40, rue du Pelvoux, 91020 Evry cedex, France.  2: Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550.  3: Department of Civil Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p375; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: GALERKIN methods; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Karhunen-Loève; Author-Supplied Keyword: natural convection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navier-Stokes; Author-Supplied Keyword: polynomial chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1064827503422853
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16196097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higdon, Dave
AU  - Kennedy, Marc
AU  - Cavendish, James C.
AU  - Cafeo, John A.
AU  - Ryne, Robert D.
T1  - COMBINING FIELD DATA AND COMPUTER SIMULATIONS FOR CALIBRATION AND PREDICTION.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 448
EP  - 466
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We develop a statistical approach for characterizing uncertainty in predictions that are made with the aid of a computer simulation model. Typically, the computer simulation code models a physical system and requires a set of inputs-some known and specified, others unknown. A limited amount of field data from the true physical system is available to inform us about the unknown inputs and also to inform us about the uncertainty that is associated with a simulation- based prediction. The approach given here allows for the following: • uncertainty regarding model inputs (i.e., calibration); • accounting for uncertainty due to limitations on the number of simulations that can be carried out; • discrepancy between the simulation code and the actual physical system; • uncertainty in the observation process that yields the actual field data on the true physical system. The resulting analysis yields predictions and their associated uncertainties while accounting for multiple sources of uncertainty. We use a Bayesian formulation and rely on Gaussian process models to model unknown functions of the model inputs. The estimation is carried out using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. This methodology is applied to two examples: a charged particle accelerator and a spot welding process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL analogies
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - MANAGEMENT information systems
KW  - MARKOV processes
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - calibration
KW  - computer experiments
KW  - Gaussian process
KW  - model validation
KW  - predictability
KW  - simulator science
KW  - uncertainty quantification
N1  - Accession Number: 16196121; Higdon, Dave 1; Email Address: dhigdon@lani.gov Kennedy, Marc 2; Email Address: m.kennedy@sheffield.ac.uk Cavendish, James C. 3; Email Address: james.c.cavendish@gm.com Cafeo, John A. 4; Email Address: john.cafeo@gm.com Ryne, Robert D. 5; Email Address: rdryne@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Statistical Sciences Group, MS F600, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  2: Department of Probability and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Sheffield, UK.  3: Manufacturing Systems Research Lab, General Motors R&D Center, Warren, MI 48090.  4: Vehicle Development Research Lab, General Motors R&D Center, Warren, MI 48090.  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 71J100A, Berkeley, CA 94720-0 103.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p448; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL analogies; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: MANAGEMENT information systems; Subject Term: MARKOV processes; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer experiments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gaussian process; Author-Supplied Keyword: model validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: predictability; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulator science; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty quantification; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1064827503426693
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16196121&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Zhangt, Dongxiao
T1  - A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION FOR FLOW IN RANDOMLY HETEROGENEOUS MEDIA USING MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS AND CONVENTIONAL AND KL-BASED MOMENT-EQUATION APPROACHES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 558
EP  - 577
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Geological formations are ubiquitously heterogeneous, and the equations that govern flow and transport in such formations can be treated as stochastic partial differential equations. The Monte Carlo method is a straightforward approach for simulating flow in heterogeneous porous media; an alternative based on the moment-equation approach has been developed in the last two decades to reduce the high computational expense required by the Monte Carlo method. However, the computational cost of the moment-equation approach is still high. For example, to solve head covariance up to first order in terms of ∼Y², the variance of log hydraulic conductivity Y ln Ks, it is required to solve sets of linear algebraic equations with N unknowns for 2N times (N being the number of grid nodes). The cost is even higher if higher-order approximations are needed. Zhang and Lu [J. Comput. Phys., 194 (2004), pp. 773-794] developed a new approach to evaluate high-order moments (fourth order for mean head in terms of ∼y, and third order for head variances in terms of ∼Y² of flow quantities based on the combination of Karhunen-Loève decomposition and perturbation methods. In this study, we systematically investigate the computational efficiency and solution accuracy of three approaches: Monte Carlo simulations, the conventional moment-equation (CME) approach, and the moment-equation approach based on Karhunen-Loève decomposition (KLME). It is evident that the computational cost for the KLME approach is significantly lower than those required by the Monte Carlo and CME approaches. More importantly, while the computational costs (in terms of the number of times for solving linear algebraic equations with N unknowns) for the CME approach depend on the number of grid nodes, the cost for the KLME approach is independent of the number of grid nodes. This makes it possible to apply the KLME method to solve more realistic large-scale flow problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC approximation
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - GAMES of chance (Mathematics)
KW  - flow and transport
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - Karhunen-Loève decompo- sition
KW  - moment-equation approach
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
KW  - porous media
N1  - Accession Number: 16196148; Lu, Zhiming 1; Email Address: zhiming@lanl.gov Zhangt, Dongxiao 1,2; Email Address: donzhang@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), MS T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  2: Mewbourne School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, SEC T301, Norman, OK 73019.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p558; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC approximation; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: GAMES of chance (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: flow and transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Karhunen-Loève decompo- sition; Author-Supplied Keyword: moment-equation approach; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: porous media; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1064827503426826
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16196148&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
AU  - Guadagnini, Alberto
T1  - EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES OF RANDOM COMPOSITES.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
EP  - 635
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We propose a new concept of the effective properties of composites with uncertain spatial arrangements of constitutive materials and within-material properties. Rather than replacing a heterogeneous property with a constant effective parameter, we seek to preserve the internal macro structure of a composite. This general concept is used to derive the effective conductivity of composite heterogeneous media that consist of two materials whose internal geometries and conductivities are uncertain. Our analysis relies on a random domain decomposition to explicitly account for the separate effects of material and geometric uncertainties on the ensemble moments of pressure and flux. We present a general expression for the effective (apparent) conductivity of such media and analyze it in detail for one- and two-dimensional steady flows in bounded random media composed of two materials with highly contrasting conductivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPATIAL analysis (Statistics)
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - SPATIAL systems
KW  - INHOMOGENEOUS materials
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - FLUX (Metallurgy)
KW  - apparent
KW  - composite media
KW  - equivalent
KW  - moment equations
KW  - random fields
KW  - stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 16196240; Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 1; Email Address: dmt@lanl.gov Guadagnini, Alberto 2; Email Address: alberto.guadagnini@polimi.it; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Mathematical Modeling and Analysis Group (T-7), Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  2: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica, Ambientale, Infrastrutture Viarie, e Rilevamento (D.I.I.A.R.), Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p625; Subject Term: SPATIAL analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: SPATIAL systems; Subject Term: INHOMOGENEOUS materials; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: FLUX (Metallurgy); Author-Supplied Keyword: apparent; Author-Supplied Keyword: composite media; Author-Supplied Keyword: equivalent; Author-Supplied Keyword: moment equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: random fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: stochastic; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S106482750342711X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barhen, Jacob
AU  - Protopopescu, Vladimir
AU  - Reister, David B.
T1  - CONSISTENT UNCERTAINTY REDUCTION IN MODELING NONLINEAR SYSTEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 665
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We present a fairly general time-independent framework for performing systematic and reliable uncertainty analysis of computer-implemented models of complex nonlinear systems. Within this framework, we provide the first formal proof of uncertainty reduction in system parameters and responses, which is achieved by consistently combining model-predicted responses and their associated uncertainties with experimental (e.g., sensor-based) information. MODTRAN-a very large, complex code that models optical radiation transport in the atmosphere-provides an excellent example to illustrate the approach. The sensitivities needed to propagate uncertainties from inputs and parameters to outputs through the complex chain of modules are calculated by automated differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR systems
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - OPTICAL radiometry
KW  - RADIATION measurements
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - automated differentiation
KW  - nonlinear systems
KW  - sensitivity analysis
KW  - uncertainty reduction
N1  - Accession Number: 16196246; Barhen, Jacob 1; Email Address: barahenj@ornl.gov Protopopescu, Vladimir 1; Email Address: vvp@ornl.gov Reister, David B. 1; Email Address: dbr@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6016.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p653; Subject Term: NONLINEAR systems; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: OPTICAL radiometry; Subject Term: RADIATION measurements; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: automated differentiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensitivity analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty reduction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1064827503427522
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glimm, James
AU  - Grove, John W.
AU  - Kang, Yonghee
AU  - Taewon Lee
AU  - Xiaolin Li
AU  - Sharp, David H.
AU  - Yan Yu
AU  - Kenny Ye
AU  - Zhao, Ming
T1  - STATISTICAL RIEMANN PROBLEMS AND A COMPOSITION LAW FOR ERRORS IN NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF SHOCK PHYSICS PROBLEMS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 666
EP  - 697
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - We seek error models for shock physics simulations that are robust and understand- able. The purpose of this paper is to formulate and validate a composition law to estimate errors in the solutions of composite problems in terms of the errors from simpler ones. We illustrate this idea in a simple context. This paper employs several simplifying assumptions (restriction to one spatial dimension, use of a simplified (gamma law) equation of state, and consideration of a single numerical method). In separate papers we will address the effect of these assumptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MODELS & modelmaking
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - ERROR analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - composition law
KW  - error model
KW  - Riemann problem
KW  - uncertainty quantification
N1  - Accession Number: 16196253; Glimm, James 1,2; Email Address: glimm@ams.sunysb.edu Grove, John W. 3; Email Address: jgrove@lanl.gov Kang, Yonghee 3; Email Address: ykang@lanl.gov Taewon Lee 1; Email Address: twlee@ams.sunysb.edu Xiaolin Li 1; Email Address: linli@ams.sunysb.edu Sharp, David H. 3; Email Address: dhs@t13.lanl.gov Yan Yu 1; Email Address: yan2000@ams.sunysb.edu Kenny Ye 1; Email Address: kye@ams.sunysb.edu Zhao, Ming 1; Email Address: mingzhao@ams.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3600  2: Center for Data Intensive Computing, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11793  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 2, p666; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MODELS & modelmaking; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: ERROR analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: composition law; Author-Supplied Keyword: error model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Riemann problem; Author-Supplied Keyword: uncertainty quantification; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1064827503427534
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoon, Young-Gui
AU  - Pfrommer, Bernd G.
AU  - Louie, Steven G.
AU  - Canning, Andrew
T1  - NMR chemical shifts in amino acids: effects of environments in the condensed phase
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 131
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 19
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We present calculations of NMR chemical shifts in crystalline phases of some representative amino acids such as glycine, alanine, and alanyl-alanine. We explore the effects of environment on the chemical shifts in selected glycine geometries ranging from the crystalline phase to completely isolated molecules. In the crystalline and dilute molecular limits, the calculated distinct NMR chemical shifts are attributed to intermolecular hydrogen-bonds and dipole electric field effects, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - A. Amino acid
KW  - A. Glycine
KW  - D. Hydrogen-bond
KW  - D. NMR chemical shift
N1  - Accession Number: 13166716; Yoon, Young-Gui 1,2; Email Address: yyoon@cau.ac.kr Pfrommer, Bernd G. 1,2 Louie, Steven G. 1,2 Canning, Andrew 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 131 Issue 1, p15; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Amino acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Glycine; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Hydrogen-bond; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. NMR chemical shift; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.04.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yaita, T.
AU  - Herlinger, A. W.
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P.
AU  - Jensen, M. P.
T1  - Influence of Extractant Aggregation on the Extraction of Trivalent f-Element Cations by a Tetraalkyldiglycolamide#.
JO  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
JF  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 553
EP  - 570
SN  - 07366299
AB  - Presents a study which used small-angle neutron scattering and vapor pressure osmometry to examine the aggregation state of tetraocytyldiglycolamide in aliphatic diluents equilibrated with aqueous solutions of nitric acid.  Role of the separation of trivalent f-element cations from nitric acid in radioactive minimization; Materials and methods used; Results.
KW  - NITRIC acid
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - VAPOR pressure
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - Actinide
KW  - Lanthanide
KW  - Small-angle neutron scattering
KW  - TODGA
KW  - Vapor pressure osomometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13834908; Yaita, T. 1 Herlinger, A. W. 2,3 Thiyagarajan, P. 4 Jensen, M. P. 3; Email Address: mjensen@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Japan  2: Department of Chemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago Illinois, USA  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA  4: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p553; Subject Term: NITRIC acid; Subject Term: AMIDES; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: VAPOR pressure; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: TODGA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor pressure osomometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 19p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SEI-120039640
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Engle, Nancy L.
AU  - Bonnesen, Peter V.
AU  - Tomkins, Bruce A.
AU  - Haverlock, Tamara J.
AU  - Moyer, Bruce A.
T1  - Synthesis and Properties of Calix[4]arene-bis[4-(2-ethylhexyl)benzo-crown-6], A Cesium Extractant with Improved Solubility.
JO  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
JF  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
EP  - 635
SN  - 07366299
AB  - The new cesium-selective macrocycle calix[4]arene-bis[4-(2-ethylhexyl) benzo-crown-6] (“BEHBCalixC6”) has been found to have improved solubility in a modified alkane diluent over calix[4]arene-bis(4-tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) (“BOBCalixC6”). The synthesis of this new calixcrown extractant, together with its solubility and extraction properties, is described in this report. The solubility, cesium extraction, and potassium loading behavior are compared with those of BOBCalixC6, the macrocycle currently employed in the caustic-side solvent extraction (CSSX) process for extracting cesium from alkaline nitrate solutions such as high-level nuclear waste. Replacement of the tert-octyl alkyl chains on the benzo-crown portion of the calixcrown by 2-ethylhexyl chains improves the equilibrium solubility of the free calixcrown in aliphatic diluents while not affecting the cesium extraction strength. Equilibrium concentrations of BEHBCalixC6 in Isopar L diluent modified with 0.5 M 1-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)-3-(4-sec-butylphenoxy)-2-propanol (Cs-7SB) over the course of 41 weeks of gentle agitation at 25°C maintained the initial concentration of 57 ± 2 mM, with no evidence of precipitation or third-phase formation. In contrast, 57 ± 2 mM solutions of BOBCalixC6 prepared using sonication were not stable, with precipitation occurring to afford an equilibrium concentration of only 6.7 ± 0.2 mM after 41 weeks. Third-phase tests showed that BEHBCalixC6 resists third-phase formation as well as, or better than, BOBCalixC6. With increasing potassium loading from an alkaline sodium nitrate solution, both calixcrowns at 20 mM in modified Isopar L exhibited comparable onset of third-phase formation, gauging by the decreasing mass balance in cesium extraction from the same solutions. However, the BEHBCalixC6 solvent exhibited no visible indications of third-phase formation until the aqueous potassium concentration reached 0.75 M, whereas the BOBCalixC6 suffered visible third-phase formation when the aqueous potassium nitrate concentration reached 0.25 M. Calixcrowns with higher solubility in alkane diluents may find application in cesium extraction from waste matrices containing moderate (≥0.2 M) quantities of potassium, such as that stored at the US Department of Energy's Hanford Site, where higher concentrations of the calixcrown extractant may be required to obtain practical cesium distribution coefficients for process flowsheets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - BEHBCalixC6
KW  - BOBCalixC6
KW  - Calixcrown
KW  - Cesium extraction
KW  - CSSX
KW  - Macrocycle
KW  - Solubility
KW  - Third phase
N1  - Accession Number: 13834909; Engle, Nancy L. 1 Bonnesen, Peter V. 1; Email Address: bonnesenpv@ornl.gov Tomkins, Bruce A. 1 Haverlock, Tamara J. 1 Moyer, Bruce A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p611; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Subject Term: NITRATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: BEHBCalixC6; Author-Supplied Keyword: BOBCalixC6; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calixcrown; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: CSSX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Macrocycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solubility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Third phase; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SEI-120039639
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bazelaire, Eve
AU  - Gorbunova, Maryna G.
AU  - Bonnesen, Peter V.
AU  - Moyer, Bruce A.
AU  - Delmau, Lætitia H.
T1  - pH-Switchable Cesium Nitrate Extraction with Calix[4]arene Mono and bis(Benzo-crown-6) Ethers Bearing Amino Functionalities.
JO  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
JF  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
EP  - 660
SN  - 07366299
AB  - Results obtained in this work show that four calix[4]arene mono and bis(benzo-crown-6) ethers functionalized with primary amine groups feature markedly enhanced cesium stripping under acidic conditions compared with nonfunctionalized analogs. The four amine-derivatized calixarenes were surveyed in nitrobenzene diluent at 25°C, demonstrating the effect under controlled conditions, where it was seen that the amino functionalization entailed at most a mild sacrifice of cesium extraction strength or selectivity. Limited solubility of the protonated forms of the extractants appears to be a potential issue for future development, however. In the best case, calix[4]arene bis[4-(2-ethylhexyl)benzo-crown-6], possessing an aminomethyl group on the upper rim, (AMBEHB) exhibited a cesium extraction strength comparable to that of a control system containing calix[4]arene bis(tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) (BOB) under alkaline conditions, whereas stripping of the cesium from AMBEHB was 56-fold more effective than BOB. A proof-of-principle extraction, scrubbing, and stripping (ESS) cycle using AMBEHB in Isopar L modified with 0.75 M 1-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)-3-(4-sec-butylphenoxy)-2-propanol (Cs-7SB) showed that a greater than three-fold more efficient stripping may be obtained with AMBEHB vs. its nonfunctionalized control BEHB. A slope analysis of systematic extraction data under caustic and acidic conditions confirmed that the extraction of cesium nitrate by AMBEHB in dodecane modified by 0.5 M Cs-7SB involves the formation of a 1:1:1 metal:ligand:nitrate organic species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - AMINES
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - CALIXARENES
KW  - PHENOLS
KW  - MACROCYCLIC compounds
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - Aminocalixarene
KW  - Calix[4]arene-crown-6
KW  - Cesium extraction
KW  - Solvent extraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13834910; Bazelaire, Eve 1 Gorbunova, Maryna G. 1 Bonnesen, Peter V. 1 Moyer, Bruce A. 1 Delmau, Lætitia H. 1; Email Address: delmaulh@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p637; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: CALIXARENES; Subject Term: PHENOLS; Subject Term: MACROCYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: CESIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aminocalixarene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calix[4]arene-crown-6; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cesium extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvent extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 25p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SEI-120039637
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Assefa, Zerihun
AU  - Haire, R.G.
AU  - Caulder, D.L.
AU  - Shuh, D.K.
T1  - Correlation of the oxidation state of cerium in sol–gel glasses as a function of thermal treatment via optical spectroscopy and XANES studies
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 60
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1873
EP  - 1881
SN  - 13861425
AB  - Sol–gel glass matrices containing lanthanides have numerous technological applications and their formation involves several chemical facets. In the case of cerium, its ability to exist in two different oxidation states or in mixed valence state provides additional complexities for the sol–gel process. The oxidation state of cerium present during different facets of preparation of sol–gel glasses, and also as a function of the starting oxidation state of cerium added, were studied both by optical spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge structures (XANES). The findings acquired by each approach were compared. The primary focus was on the redox chemistries associated with sample preparation, gelation, and thermal treatment. When Ce3+ is introduced into the starting sols, the trivalent state normally prevails in the wet and room temperature-dried gels. Heating in air at >100 °C can generate a light yellow coloration with partial oxidation to the tetravalent state. Above 200 °C and up to ∼1000 °C, cerium is oxidized to its tetravalent state. In contrast, when tetravalent cerium is introduced into the sol, both the wet and room temperature-dried gels lose the yellow–brown color of the initial ceric ammonium nitrate solution. When the sol–gel is heated to 110 °C it turns yellowish as the cerium tends to be re-oxidized. The yellow color is believed to represent the effect of oxidation and oligomerization of the cerium–silanol units in the matrix. The luminescence properties are also affected by these changes, the details of which are reported herein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Cerium
KW  - Photoluminescence
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - Spectroscopy
KW  - XANES
N1  - Accession Number: 13704709; Assefa, Zerihun 1; Email Address: assefaz@ornl.gov Haire, R.G. 1 Caulder, D.L. 2 Shuh, D.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA  2: Actinide Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 60 Issue 8/9, p1873; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cerium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: XANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.saa.2003.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stojanoff, Vivian
T1  - A Novel Approach to High-Throughput Screening: A Solution for Structural Genomics?
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1127
EP  - 1128
SN  - 09692126
AB  - A quasi in situ technique for screening of diffraction quality biomolecular crystals presents itself to revolutionize the crystallogenesis field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13704885; Stojanoff, Vivian 1; Email Address: stojanof@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory/NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7, p1127; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.06.010
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Rongguang
AU  - Wu, Ruiying
AU  - Joachimiak, Grazyna
AU  - Mazmanian, Sarkis K.
AU  - Missiakas, Dominique M.
AU  - Gornicki, Piotr
AU  - Schneewind, Olaf
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
T1  - Structures of Sortase B from Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis Reveal Catalytic Amino Acid Triad in the Active Site
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 12
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1147
EP  - 1156
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Surface proteins attached by sortases to the cell wall envelope of bacterial pathogens play important roles during infection. Sorting and attachment of these proteins is directed by C-terminal signals. Sortase B of S. aureus recognizes a motif NPQTN, cleaves the polypeptide after the Thr residue, and attaches the protein to pentaglycine cross-bridges. Sortase B of B. anthracis is thought to recognize the NPKTG motif, and attaches surface proteins to m-diaminopimelic acid cross-bridges. We have determined crystal structure of sortase B from B. anthracis and S. aureus at 1.6 and 2.0 Å resolutions, respectively. These structures show a β-barrel fold with α-helical elements on its outside, a structure thus far exclusive to the sortase family. A putative active site located on the edge of the β-barrel is comprised of a Cys-His-Asp catalytic triad and presumably faces the bacterial cell surface. A putative binding site for the sorting signal is located nearby. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - STAPHYLOCOCCUS
KW  - ORGANIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 13704888; Zhang, Rongguang 1 Wu, Ruiying 1 Joachimiak, Grazyna 1 Mazmanian, Sarkis K. 2,3 Missiakas, Dominique M. 2,4 Gornicki, Piotr 3 Schneewind, Olaf 2,3 Joachimiak, Andrzej 1; Email Address: andrzejj@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Structural Biology Center and Midwest Center for Structural Genomics, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 202, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  2: Committee on Microbiology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA  3: Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA  4: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 12 Issue 7, p1147; Subject Term: STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: STAPHYLOCOCCUS; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.06.001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xuie Wang
AU  - Mordichian, Laura
T1  - The DUV-FEL Workshop.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 10
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the topics discussed at the Deep Ultra Violet Free Electron Laser (DUV-FEL) Workshop, a linac-based FEL facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York. Facility's main components; Initialization and completion of the first DUV-FEL user experiment by scientist Arthur Suits and his collaborators; Development of a two-photon absorption auto-correlator with 100 fs resolution; Beam physics during the electron beam bunch compression.
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - UPTON (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14446995; Xuie Wang 1 Mordichian, Laura 1; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p8; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: UPTON (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swaminathan, Subramanyam
T1  - Toward Therapeutics for Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxins.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/07//Jul/Aug2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 24
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Examines the structure-function relationships that would lead to development of structure-based inhibitors to block the activity of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins. Crystal structure; Role of translocation; Inhibitors to block the binding domain; Enzymatic activity.
KW  - NEUROTOXIC agents
KW  - BOTULINUM toxin
KW  - CLOSTRIDIUM
KW  - TRANSLOCATION (Genetics)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14446998; Swaminathan, Subramanyam 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Jul/Aug2004, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p16; Subject Term: NEUROTOXIC agents; Subject Term: BOTULINUM toxin; Subject Term: CLOSTRIDIUM; Subject Term: TRANSLOCATION (Genetics); Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bull, Richard J.
AU  - Sasser, Lyle B.
AU  - Lei, Xingye C.
T1  - Interactions in the tumor-promoting activity of carbon tetrachloride, trichloroacetate, and dichloroacetate in the liver of male B6C3F1 mice
JO  - Toxicology
JF  - Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 199
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 183
SN  - 0300483X
AB  - Interactions between carcinogens in mixtures found in the environment have been a concern for several decades. In the present study, male B6C3F1 mice were used to study the responses to mixtures of dichloroacetate (DCA), trichloroacetate (TCA), and carbon tetrachloride (CT). TCA produces liver tumors in mice with the phenotypic characteristics common to peroxisome proliferators. DCA increases the growth of liver tumors with a phenotype that is distinct in several respects from those produced by TCA. These chemicals are effective as carcinogens at doses that do not produce cytotoxicity. Thus, they encourage clonal expansion of initiated cells through subtle, selective mechanisms. CT is well known for its ability to promote the growth of liver tumors through cytotoxicity that produces a generalized growth stimulus in the liver that is reflected in a reparative hyperplasia. Thus, CT is relatively non-specific in its promotion of initiated cells within the liver. The objective of this study was to determine how the differing modes of action of these chemicals might interact when given as mixed exposures. The hypothesis was that the effects of two selective promoters would not be more than additive. On the other hand, CT would be selective only to cells not sensitive to its effects as a cytotoxin. Thus, it was hypothesized that neither DCA nor TCA would add significantly to the effects produced by CT. Mice were initiated by vinyl carbamate (VC), and then promoted by DCA, TCA, CT, or the pair-wised combinations of the three compounds. The effect of each treatment or treatment combination on tumor number per animal and mean tumor volume was assessed in each animal. Dose-related increases in mean tumor volume were observed with 20 and 50 mg/kg CT, but each produced equal numbers of tumors at 36 weeks. As the dose of CT was increased to ≥100 mg/kg substantial increases in the number of tumors per animal were observed, but the mean tumor size decreased. This finding suggests that initiation occurs as doses of CT increase to ≥100 mg/kg, perhaps as a result of the inflammatory response that is known to occur with high doses of CT. When administered alone in the drinking water at 0.1, 0.5 and 2 g/l, DCA increased both tumor number and tumor size in a dose-related manner. With TCA treatment at 2 g/l in drinking water a maximum tumor number was reached by 24 weeks and was maintained until 36 weeks of treatment. DCA treatment did not produce a plateau in tumor number within the experimental period, but the numbers observed at the end of the experimental period were similar to TCA and doses of 50 mg/kg CT. The tumor numbers observed at the end of the experiment are consistent with the assumption that the administered dose of the tumor initiator, vinyl carbamate, was the major determinant of tumor number and that treatments with CT, DCA, and TCA primarily affected tumor size. The results with mixtures of these compounds were consistent with the basic hypotheses that the responses to tumor promoters with differing mechanisms are limited to additivity at low effective doses. More complex, mutually inhibitory activity was more often observed between the three compounds. At 24 weeks, DCA produced a decrease in tumor numbers promoted by TCA, but the numbers were not different from TCA alone at 36 weeks. The reason for this result became apparent at 36 weeks of treatment where a dose-related decrease in the size of tumors promoted by TCA resulted from DCA co-administration. On the other hand, the low dose of TCA (0.1 g/l) decreased the number of tumors produced by a high dose of DCA (2 g/l), but higher doses of TCA (2 g/l) produced the same number as observed with DCA alone. DCA inhibited the growth rate of CT-induced tumors (CT <F>dose=50</F> mg/kg). TCA substantially increased the numbers of tumors observed at early time points when combined with CT, but this was not observed at 36 weeks. The lack of an effect at 36 weeks was attributable to the fact that more than 90% of the livers consisted of tumors and the earlier effect was masked by coalescence of tumors. Thus, the ability of TCA to significantly increase tumor numbers in CT-treated mice was probably real and contrary to our original hypothesis that CT was non-specific in its effects on initiated cells. It is probable that the interaction between CT and TCA is explained through stimulation of the growth of cells with differing phenotypes. These data suggest that the outcome of interactions between the mechanisms of tumor promotion vary based on the characteristics of the initiated cells. The interactions may result in additive or inhibitory effects, but no significant evidence of synergy was observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - LIVER tumors
KW  - ONCOLOGY
KW  - Carbon tetrachloride
KW  - Dichloroacetate
KW  - Interactions of tumor promoters
KW  - Trichloroacetate
KW  - Trichloroethylene
N1  - Accession Number: 13101370; Bull, Richard J.; Email Address: rjbull@earthlink.net Sasser, Lyle B. 1 Lei, Xingye C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 199 Issue 2/3, p169; Subject Term: CELLS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: CARCINOGENS; Subject Term: LIVER tumors; Subject Term: ONCOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon tetrachloride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dichloroacetate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interactions of tumor promoters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trichloroacetate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trichloroethylene; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tox.2004.02.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erdemir, Ali
T1  - Design criteria for superlubricity in carbon films and related microstructures
JO  - Tribology International
JF  - Tribology International
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 37
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
EP  - 583
SN  - 0301679X
AB  - Carbon offers the kind of flexibility that one needs in the design and production of chemically unique microstructures with properties ranging from superlubricity to super-hardness and/or -softness. This flexibility can be exploited for numerous tribological applications, ranging in sizes from nano-scale electromechanical systems to meso-scale engine parts and components. Recently, carbon was used in our laboratory to produce nearly frictionless carbon (NFC) films having friction coefficients as low as 0.001 and wear rates of 10-11–10-10 mm3/N m even under dry sliding conditions and at very high contact pressures. Using advanced fabrication and chemical vapor deposition methods, our research team has pioneered the development of other unique microstructures possessing exceptional physical, chemical, mechanical, electrical, and tribological properties. The combination of such exceptional properties in one material is rather rare, but urgently needed by the industry to meet the increasingly multifunctional needs of advanced mechanical systems and devices. This paper provides an overview of recent progress in the study and understanding of the tribological properties of carbon-based coatings. The design and surface engineering aspects of such coatings are discussed and the principles of superlubricity in these films are presented. Examples of current and future applications for two- and three-dimensional carbon-based structures are also provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tribology International is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - LUBRICATION & lubricants
KW  - Carbon films
KW  - Design criteria
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Superlubricity
N1  - Accession Number: 13113149; Erdemir, Ali 1; Email Address: erdemir@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue ET/212, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 37 Issue 7, p577; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: LUBRICATION & lubricants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Design criteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superlubricity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.triboint.2003.12.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, G.B.
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Fraser, H.L.
T1  - Some aspects of atom probe specimen preparation and analysis of thin film materials
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 100
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 34
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Some of the factors in the preparation of atom probe specimens of metallic multilayer thin films have been investigated. A series of Ti/Nb multilayer films were sputtered deposited on n-doped Si [0 0 1] substrates with either 5 or 0.05 Ω cm resistivity. Each wafer was pre-fabricated into a series of 5 μm×5 μm× ≈80 μm island posts by photolithography and reactive ion etching. Once the film was grown on the wafer, a Si post was mounted to either a tungsten or stainless steel fine tip needle that was mechanically crimped to a Cu tube for handling. The specimen was then loaded into a Focus Ion Beam instrument where a sacrificial Pt cap was in situ deposited onto the surface of the film and subsequently annularly ion milled into the appropriate geometry. The Pt cap was found to be an effective method in reducing Ga ion damage and implantation into the film during milling. The multilayers deposited on the high resistivity Si exhibited uncontrolled field evaporation which lead to high mass tails in the mass spectra, a reduction in the mass resolution, high background noise, propensity for “flash-failure”, and a variation in the apparent layer thickness as the experiment elapsed in time. The multilayers deposited on lower resistivity Si did not suffer from these artifacts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - CHROMIUM group
N1  - Accession Number: 13563576; Thompson, G.B. 1; Email Address: gthompson@coe.eng.ua.edu Miller, M.K. 2 Fraser, H.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama, A129 Bevill Building, P.O. Box 87020, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA  2: Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 100 Issue 1/2, p25; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: CHROMIUM group; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.01.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lerotic, M.
AU  - Jacobsen, C.
AU  - Schäfer, T.
AU  - Vogt, S.
T1  - Cluster analysis of soft X-ray spectromicroscopy data
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 100
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 57
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Soft X-ray spectromicroscopy provides spectral data on the chemical speciation of light elements at sub-<f>100 nm</f> spatial resolution. When all chemical species in a specimen are known and separately characterized, existing approaches can be used to measure the concentration of each component at each pixel. In other cases (such as often occur in biology or environmental science), some spectral signatures may not be known in advance so other approaches must be used. We describe here an approach that uses principal component analysis to orthogonalize and noise-filter spectromicroscopy data. We then use cluster analysis (a form of unsupervised pattern matching) to classify pixels according to spectral similarity, to extract representative, cluster-averaged spectra with good signal-to-noise ratio, and to obtain gradations of concentration of these representative spectra at each pixel. The method is illustrated with a simulated data set of organic compounds, and a mixture of lutetium in hematite used to understand colloidal transport properties of radionuclides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - Cluster analysis
KW  - Principal component analysis
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - X-ray spectromicroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13563577; Lerotic, M. 1; Email Address: lerotic@xray1.physics.sunysb.edu Jacobsen, C. 1 Schäfer, T. 2 Vogt, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, INE, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4856, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 100 Issue 1/2, p35; Subject Term: CLUSTER analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cluster analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal component analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray spectromicroscopy; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.01.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogi, H.
AU  - Nakamura, N.
AU  - Hirao, M.
AU  - Ledbetter, H.
T1  - Determination of elastic, anelastic, and piezoelectric coefficients of piezoelectric materials from a single specimen by acoustic resonance spectroscopy
JO  - Ultrasonics
JF  - Ultrasonics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 183
SN  - 0041624X
AB  - We describe an advanced methodology to determine all the independent elastic-stiffness coefficients <f>Cijkl</f>, the associated internal frictions <f>Qijkl−1</f>, and piezoelectric coefficients <f>eijk</f> of piezoelectric materials from a single monocrystal specimen using resonant-ultrasound spectroscopy with laser-Doppler interferometry. The mechanical-resonance frequencies of a piezoelectric solid depend on all of the elastic and piezoelectric coefficients, and their accurate measurement allows one to determine the elastic and piezoelectric coefficients simultaneously. Resonance-peak-width measurements yield the internal-friction tensor. Successful determination requires correct vibration-mode identification for the observed resonance frequencies. This is achieved unambiguously by measuring deformation distributions on the vibrating-specimen surface with laser-Doppler interferometry and comparing them with calculated displacement distributions. The methodology is applied to lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and langasite (La3Ga5SiO14) crystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultrasonics is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC materials
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - Elastic constants
KW  - Internal friction
KW  - Laser-doppler interferometry
KW  - Piezoelectric coefficients
KW  - Piezoelectric material
KW  - Resonant-ultrasound spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 12661406; Ogi, H. 1; Email Address: ogi@me.es.osaka-u.ac.jp Nakamura, N. 1 Hirao, M. 1 Ledbetter, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1-3, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 42 Issue 1-9, p183; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC materials; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic constants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-doppler interferometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Piezoelectric coefficients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Piezoelectric material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant-ultrasound spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultras.2004.01.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenwood, Margaret Stautberg
AU  - Brodsky, Anatol
AU  - Burgess, Lloyd
AU  - Bond, Leonard J.
AU  - Hamad, Mazen
T1  - Ultrasonic diffraction grating spectroscopy and characterization of fluids and slurries
JO  - Ultrasonics
JF  - Ultrasonics
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 42
IS  - 1-9
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
SN  - 0041624X
AB  - The ultrasonic diffraction grating is formed by machining triangular grooves, 300 microns apart, on a stainless steel surface. The grating surface is in contact with the liquid or slurry. The ultrasonic beam, traveling in the solid, strikes the back of the grating and produces a transmitted <f>m=1</f> beam in the liquid. The angle of this beam in the liquid increases with decreasing frequency and the critical frequency <f>FCR</f> occurs when the angle is 90°. At frequencies below <f>FCR</f>, this <f>m=1</f> wave does not exist and its energy is shared with other types of waves. The signal of the reflected <f>m=0</f> wave is observed and an increase is observed at <f>FCR</f>. This information yields the velocity of sound in the liquid and particle size. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultrasonics is the property of Elsevier Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - SPEED of sound
KW  - PARTICLE size determination
KW  - PROCESS control
KW  - Diffraction grating
KW  - Fluid characterization
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Process control
KW  - Velocity of sound
N1  - Accession Number: 12661468; Greenwood, Margaret Stautberg 1; Email Address: margaret.greenwood@pnl.gov Brodsky, Anatol 2 Burgess, Lloyd 2 Bond, Leonard J. 1 Hamad, Mazen 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830.</fn> P.O. Box 999, Mailstop K5-26, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 42 Issue 1-9, p531; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: SPEED of sound; Subject Term: PARTICLE size determination; Subject Term: PROCESS control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction grating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle size; Author-Supplied Keyword: Process control; Author-Supplied Keyword: Velocity of sound; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultras.2004.01.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lobitz, Don W.
T1  - Aeroelastic stability predictions for a MW-sized blade.
JO  - Wind Energy
JF  - Wind Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 224
SN  - 10954244
AB  - Classical aeroelastic flutter instability historically has not been a driving issue in wind turbine design. In fact, rarely has this issue even been addressed in the past. Commensurately, among the wind turbines that have been built, rarely has classical flutter ever been observed. However, with the advent of larger turbines fitted with relatively softer blades, classical flutter may become a more important design consideration. In addition, innovative blade designs involving the use of aeroelastic tailoring, wherein the blade twists as it bends under the action of aerodynamic loads to shed load resulting from wind turbulence, may increase the blade's proclivity for flutter. With these considerations in mind it is prudent to revisit aeroelastic stability issues for a MW-sized blade with and without aeroelastic tailoring. Focusing on aeroelastic stability associated with the shed wake from an individual blade turning in still air, the frequency domain technique developed by Theodorsen for predicting classical flutter in fixed wing aircraft has been adapted for use with a rotor blade. Results indicate that the predicted flutter speed of a MW-sized blade is slightly greater than twice the operational speed of the rotor. When a moderate amount of aeroelastic tailoring is added to the blade, a modest decrease (12%) in the flutter speed is predicted. By comparison, for a smaller rotor with relatively stiff blades the predicted flutter speed is approximately six times the operating speed. When frequently used approximations to Theodorsen's method are implemented, drastic underpredictions result, which, while conservative, may adversely impact blade design. These underpredictions are also evident when this MW-sized blade is analysed using time domain methods. Published in 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Wind Energy is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 65061675; Lobitz, Don W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p211; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/we.120
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tangler, James L.
T1  - Insight into wind turbine stall and post-stall aerodynamics.
JO  - Wind Energy
JF  - Wind Energy
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 247
EP  - 260
SN  - 10954244
AB  - The objective of this study was to evaluate measured NASA Ames Unsteady Aerodynamic Experiment post-stall blade element data and to provide guidelines for developing an empirical approach that predicts post-stall aerofoil characteristics. Blade element data were analysed from the five radial stations of the baseline 5·03 m radius rotor. A lifting surface/prescribed wake performance prediction method was used to determine a reference angle of attack that corresponds to the measured blade element data. Using the measured normal and tangential force coefficients and estimated angle of attack, spanwise distributions of lift and drag performance characteristics were derived along with the circulation distributions. Guidelines for a new stall and post-stall model based on the measured trends in the aerofoil performance characteristics, along with flat plate theory, are proposed for predicting the peak and post-peak power. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Wind Energy is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 65061679; Tangler, James L. 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p247; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/we.122
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hittinger, Jeffrey A. F.
AU  - Roe, Philip L.
T1  - Asymptotic analysis of the Riemann problem for constant coefficient hyperbolic systems with relaxation.
JO  - ZAMM -- Journal of Applied Mathematics & Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik
JF  - ZAMM -- Journal of Applied Mathematics & Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik
Y1  - 2004/07//
VL  - 84
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 452
EP  - 471
SN  - 00442267
AB  - The discontinuous Riemann initial value problem is considered for dissipative, constant coefficient hyperbolic systems with relaxation source terms. A short-time asymptotic expansion, a specialization of the results of Le Floch and Raviart [11], is constructed for the general linear system. Exact rates for the decay of the initial discontinuities are found to be in agreement with recent results from other approaches. A multiple scales analysis is used to identify the long-time asymptotic behavior. Many of the results can be exemplified in a simple model problem for which the exact solution can be found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ZAMM -- Journal of Applied Mathematics & Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIEMANN-Hilbert problems
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - RELAXATION methods (Mathematics)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - asymptotic analysis
KW  - hyperbolic systems
KW  - relaxing flow
KW  - Riemann problem
N1  - Accession Number: 13349710; Hittinger, Jeffrey A. F. 1; Email Address: hittinger1@llnl.gov Roe, Philip L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: W. M. Keck Laboratory for Computational Fluid Dynamics, Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 84 Issue 7, p452; Subject Term: RIEMANN-Hilbert problems; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: RELAXATION methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: asymptotic analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperbolic systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: relaxing flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Riemann problem; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/zamm.200310114
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratt, Rob
AU  - Hauser, Steve
T1  - Colleges Can Help Bring the PowerGrid Into the 21st Century.
JO  - Chronicle of Higher Education
JF  - Chronicle of Higher Education
Y1  - 2004/07/02/
VL  - 50
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - B17
EP  - B17
PB  - Chronicle of Higher Education
SN  - 00095982
AB  - Discusses issues concerning the electric-power grid in the U.S., in relation to the decreasing enrollment in courses on electrical-power engineering which led universities to eliminate or reduce programs in the field.  Explanation as to why information technology is the key to revolutionizing the energy system; Role of the U.S. government and the Energy Department's Office of Electric Transmission and Distribution on the improvement of energy system; Challenges that the department will face concerning the issue; Reason colleges and universities must support the transformation of the power grid.
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - SCHOOL enrollment
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - UNIVERSITIES & colleges
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - TELEMATICS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 13737682; Pratt, Rob 1 Hauser, Steve 2; Affiliation:  1: Staff scientist and manager, GridWise Initiative, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory  2: Vice president, Utility Automation Integrators and executive director, GridWise Alliance; Source Info: 7/2/2004, Vol. 50 Issue 43, pB17; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: SCHOOL enrollment; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: UNIVERSITIES & colleges; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: TELEMATICS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1641
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hargrove, William
AU  - Hoffman, Forrest
T1  - Potential of Multivariate Quantitative Methods for Delineation and Visualization of Ecoregions.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - S39
EP  - S60
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Multivariate clustering based on fine spatial resolution maps of elevation, temperature, precipitation, soil characteristics, and solar inputs has been used at several specified levels of division to produce a spectrum of quantitative ecoregion maps for the conterminous United States. The coarse ecoregion divisions accurately capture intuitively-understood regional environmental differences, whereas the finer divisions highlight local condition gradients, ecotones, and clines. Such statistically generated ecoregions can be produced based on user-selected continuous variables, allowing customized regions to be delineated for any specific problem. By creating an objective ecoregion classification, the ecoregion concept is removed from the limitations of human subjectivity, making possible a new array of ecologically useful derivative products. A red–green–blue visualization based on principal components analysis of ecoregion centroids indicates with color the relative combination of environmental conditions found within each ecoregion. Multiple geographic areas can be classified into a single common set of quantitative ecoregions to provide a basis for comparison, or maps of a single area through time can be classified to portray climatic or environmental changes geographically in terms of current conditions. Quantified representativeness can characterize borders between ecoregions as gradual, sharp, or of changing character along their length. Similarity of any ecoregion to all other ecoregions can be quantified and displayed as a “representativeness” map. The representativeness of an existing spatial array of sample locations or study sites can be mapped relative to a set of quantitative ecoregions, suggesting locations for additional samples or sites. In addition, the shape of Hutchinsonian niches in environment space can be defined if a multivariate range map of species occurrence is available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological regions
KW  - Biotic communities
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Multivariate analysis
KW  - United States
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Clustering
KW  - Ecotone
KW  - Environmental envelope
KW  - Fences
KW  - Gradient
KW  - Network
KW  - Niche
KW  - Preserve design
KW  - Range
KW  - Representativeness
KW  - Similarity
KW  - Time series
N1  - Accession Number: 16986889; Hargrove, William 1; Email Address: hnw@fire.esd.ornl.gov; Hoffman, Forrest 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division Computer Science and Math Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Issue Info: Jul2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 34, pS39; Thesaurus Term: Ecological regions; Thesaurus Term: Biotic communities; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Subject Term: Multivariate analysis; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clustering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecotone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental envelope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niche; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preserve design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Range; Author-Supplied Keyword: Representativeness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Similarity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time series; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-1084-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16986889&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Ningning
AU  - Hauser, Hans
AU  - O'Donnell, Terence
AU  - Brunet, Magali
AU  - McCloskey, Paul
AU  - O'Mathuna, S. Cian
T1  - Modeling of High-Frequency Micro -Transformers.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2014
EP  - 2016
SN  - 00189464
AB  - A dynamic model has been developed to predict the efficiency of a micro-transformer, operating at S MHz. The model includes a core hysteresis model, core eddy current model and winding copper loss model. Measurements and finite element analysis were carried out in order to validate the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - COPPER
KW  - EDDY currents (Electric)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - ELECTRIC transformers
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - Dynamic model
KW  - efficiency
KW  - micro-transformers.
N1  - Accession Number: 14435912; Wang, Ningning 1; Email Address: nwang@nmrc.ie Hauser, Hans 2,3; Email Address: hans.hauser@tuwien.ac.at O'Donnell, Terence 1; Email Address: todonnel@nmrc.ie Brunet, Magali 1; Email Address: magali.brunet2@laposte.net McCloskey, Paul 1; Email Address: pmcclosk@nmrc.ucc.ie O'Mathuna, S. Cian 1; Email Address: omathuna@nmrc.ie; Affiliation:  1: NMRC, Cork, Ireland.  2: Vienna University of Technology, A-1040, Vienna, Austria.  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2014; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: EDDY currents (Electric); Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ELECTRIC transformers; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: micro-transformers.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335311 Power, Distribution, and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832174
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14435912&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Gregory
AU  - Schulthess, Thomas C.
AU  - Apalkov, D. M.
AU  - Visscher, P. B.
T1  - Flexible Fast Multipole Method for Magnetic Simulations.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2146
EP  - 2148
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The public-domain ψ-Mag toolset uses generic-programming techniques to provide the computational magnetic-materials community an excellent opportunity for code reuse without loss of efficiency. ψb-Mag provides a flexible implementation of the fast multipole method (FMM) for dipole-dipole calculations that does not depend on the geometry of the problem and is suitable for high-performance, parallel computers. Theoretically, the execution time for such a calculation should grow only linearly with the number of spins, and this is confirmed here for up to order 105 spins. In addition, the implementation efficiently uses a large number of processors. For a test case of 64000 dipoles, the measured speedup is over 25 for 40 processors on a four-processor-per-node IBM SP; this compares quite favorably with less-flexible FMM implementations. The generic implementation allows for easy changes of the basis functions used to expand potentials specific to particular applications, facilitating direct comparison of different approaches. Here, the traditional spherical-harmonic expansions are compared to Cartesian expansions which reflect the cubic symmetries of meshes used in typical micromagnetic simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC disks
KW  - MAGNETIC memory (Computers)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - OBJECT-oriented methods (Computer science)
KW  - OBJECT-oriented programming (Computer science)
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
KW  - Distributed algorithms
KW  - fast multipole method
KW  - generic programming
N1  - Accession Number: 14435956; Brown, Gregory 1; Email Address: browngrg@csit.fsu.edu Schulthess, Thomas C. 2; Email Address: schulthesstc@ornl.gov Apalkov, D. M. 3 Visscher, P. B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Sciences and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.  2: School of Computational Science and Information Technology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4120 USA.  3: Center for Computational Sciences and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6164 USA.  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0324 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2146; Subject Term: MAGNETIC disks; Subject Term: MAGNETIC memory (Computers); Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: OBJECT-oriented methods (Computer science); Subject Term: OBJECT-oriented programming (Computer science); Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: fast multipole method; Author-Supplied Keyword: generic programming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.829023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14435956&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beleggia, Marco
T1  - A Fourier-Space Approach for the Computation of Magnetostatic Interactions Between Arbitrarily Shaped Particles.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2149
EP  - 2151
SN  - 00189464
AB  - A new formalism has been developed to describe the magnetostatic energy associated with particles of arbitrary shape and magnetization state. The formalism relies on a Fourier space description of the particle shape, through the so-called shape amplitude, which can be used to obtain explicit expressions for the demagnetization tensor field, magnetic field, magnetic induction and magnetostatic energy of a particle for a given magnetization state. Moreover, the interaction energy between particles, located at arbitrary positions in space, which may have different shapes and magnetization states can also be computed. These results may contribute to a deeper understanding of magnetostatic coupling in nanostructures and of the role of shape anisotropy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - Fourier transforms
KW  - magnetic anisotropy
KW  - magnetostatics
N1  - Accession Number: 14435957; Beleggia, Marco 1; Email Address: beleggia@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2149; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transforms; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetostatics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.830214
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14435957&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhengang Zhang
AU  - Kyongha Kang
AU  - Takao Suzuki
T1  - Magnetic Properties of Granular-Type FePt-MgO Perpendicular Recording Media.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2455
EP  - 2457
SN  - 00189464
AB  - Granular-type FePt films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are fabricated onto glass substrates by annealing FePt/MgO multilayer films. The uniaxial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant (Ku) and the activation volume (V*) are obtained by fitting the remanent coercivity as a function of the applied field waiting lime using the Sharrock's formula for oriented magnetic grain assembly. Ku increases with annealing temperature and annealing time, as a result of the enhanced chemical ordering in L10 phase FePt grains. V* tends to decrease with annealing time revealing the FePt grain separation process by the MgO matrix with annealing. By modifying the initial FePt/MgO multilayer structure and annealing condition, the optimized FePt-MgO film shows a high Ku and a small V* value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - GLASS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
KW  - Activation volume
KW  - FePt
KW  - magnetic anisotropy
KW  - magnetic recording media
N1  - Accession Number: 14436058; Zhengang Zhang 1; Email Address: zhang@toyota-ti.ac.jp Kyongha Kang 2; Email Address: kkang@bnl.gov Takao Suzuki 1; Email Address: tsuzuki@toyota-ti.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: Toyota Technological Institute, Nagoya 468-8511, Japan  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2455; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activation volume; Author-Supplied Keyword: FePt; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic recording media; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.830218
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436058&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jan-Ulrich Thiele
AU  - Stefan Maat
AU  - Robertson, J. Lee
AU  - Fullerton, Eric E.
T1  - Magnetic and Structural Properties of FePt-FeRh Exchange Spring Films for Thermally Assisted Magnetic Recording Media.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2537
EP  - 2543
SN  - 00189464
AB  - Recently a novel media structure for thermally assisted magnetic recording was proposed consisting of a layer of FePt exchange coupled to a FeRh layer. The FePt forms a high magnetocrystalline anisotropy, high coercivity ferromagnetic layer. The FeRh layer is antiferromagnetic at room temperature, but upon heating above a transition temperature becomes ferromagnetic with a large magnetic moment and low magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The coupled ferromagnetic FePt and FeRh layers form an exchange-spring system significantly lowering the coercive field of the composite system compared to a single layer of FePt. This feature opens intriguing possibilities for media applications for thermally assisted magnetic recording where the ferromagnetic phase of FeRh is exploited to help write the media while the low-temperature antiferromagnetic phase supports the long-term stability. Here temperature-dependent structural and magnetic measurements of undoped and doped FeRh single layer and FePt-FeRh bilayer films are presented and the promises and challenges of the exchange spring media structure are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC recorders & recording
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SOUND -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Iron alloys
KW  - magnetic recording
KW  - magnetization reversal
KW  - thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 14436083; Jan-Ulrich Thiele 1; Email Address: Jan-Ulrich.Thiele@hgst.com Stefan Maat 1; Email Address: stefan.maat@hgst.com Robertson, J. Lee 2; Email Address: robertsonjl@ornl.gov Fullerton, Eric E. 1; Email Address: eric.fullerton@hgst.com; Affiliation:  1: Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, San Jose Research Center, San Jose, CA 95120 USA.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6393 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2537; Subject Term: MAGNETIC recorders & recording; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SOUND -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic recording; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetization reversal; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.829325
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436083&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Q. Y.
AU  - Gambino, R. J.
AU  - Baumberger, E.
AU  - Lewis, L. H.
AU  - Sampath, Sanjay
T1  - Exchange Bias in Plasma-Sprayed MnZn Ferrite.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2787
EP  - 2789
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The antiferromagnetic phase FeO (wustite) forms in plasma-sprayed MnZn ferrites from pure spinel phase powder. An exchange bias is observed in hysteresis loops of both ferrite coatings and single splats; the exchange bias decreases and disappears with annealing. X-ray diffraction indicates that the wustite FeO changes to hematite Fe2 O3 upon annealing. Annealing -induced cation ordering and diffusion influence the ferrite magnetic properties by increasing the saturation magnetization and decreasing the coercivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA spraying
KW  - WUSTITE
KW  - METAL coating
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - HYSTERESIS loop
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - Exchange bias
KW  - MnZn ferrite
KW  - plasma-spray
N1  - Accession Number: 14436164; Yan, Q. Y. 1; Email Address: qiyan@ic.sunysb.edu Gambino, R. J. 1; Email Address: rgambino@ms.cc.sunysb.edu Baumberger, E. 1; Email Address: ebaumger@ic.sunysb.edu Lewis, L. H. 2; Email Address: lhlewis@BNL.gov Sampath, Sanjay 1; Email Address: sanjay.sampath@sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275 USA.  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National laboratory, Upton, NY.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2787; Subject Term: PLASMA spraying; Subject Term: WUSTITE; Subject Term: METAL coating; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS loop; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Author-Supplied Keyword: Exchange bias; Author-Supplied Keyword: MnZn ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma-spray; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.829295
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436164&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cui, B. Z.
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Liu, J. P.
AU  - Garmestani, H.
AU  - Liu, S.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, H. J.
T1  - Crystallization, Morphology and Magnetic Properties of Melt-Spun (Nd, Pr, Dy)2(Fe, Co, Mo)14B/α Fe Nanocomposites.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2867
EP  - 2870
SN  - 00189464
AB  - Crystallization, phase evolution, nanostructure, exchange coupling, and bard magnetic properties of melt-spun Nd2.4Pr5.6Dy1Fe85B6 and Nd2.4 Pr5.6 Dy1 Fe78 Co6 Mo1 B6 nanocoinposites have been studied. All the Nd2.4 Pr5.6 Dy1 Fe85 B6 alloys annealed for 30 s at 565 °C or above contain nanostructured α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B-type (2:14:1) phases, whereas Nd2 .4 Pr5 .6 Dy1 Fe78 Co6 Mo1 B6 alloys annealed at 600°C or below are mainly composed of α-Fe and a metastable 1:7 phase. A small amount of 2:14:1 phase forms after annealing at 600 °C. When annealed at 640 °C or above, the hard phase in Nd2.4Pr5.6Dy1Fer8Co6Mo1B6 alloys is the 2:14:1 phase rather than the 1:7 phase. The differences in magnetic properties of the Nd2.4 Pr5.6 Dy1 Fe85 B6 and Nd2.4 Pr5.6 Dy1 Fe8 Co6 Mo1 B6 nanocomposites at different anneal temperatures result from the different nanostructures, exchange coupling and phase components present in the alloys, in particular from the different amount of the 1:7 phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - 1:7 and 2:14:1 phases
KW  - magnetic properties
KW  - nanostructure
KW  - phase transformation.
N1  - Accession Number: 14436190; Cui, B. Z. 1,2; Email Address: cuibz@yahoo.com Han, K. 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu Zhang, Y. 2; Email Address: yzhang@physics.udel.edu Liu, J. P. 3; Email Address: pliu@uta.edu Garmestani, H. 4; Email Address: hamid.garmestani@mse.gatech.edu Liu, S. 5; Email Address: Liu@udri.udayton.edu Schneider-Muntau, H. J. 1; Email Address: smuntau@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.  2: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.  4: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.  5: Magnetics Laboratory, University of Dayton, Dayton OH 45469, USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2867; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1:7 and 2:14:1 phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanostructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase transformation.; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832273
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436190&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haskel, Daniel
AU  - Lang, Jonathan
AU  - Islam, Zahirul
AU  - Srajer, George
AU  - Cross, Julie
AU  - Canfield, Paul
T1  - Beyond Element-Specific Magnetism: Resolving Inequivalent Nd Crystal Sites in Nd2Fe14B.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2874
EP  - 2876
SN  - 00189464
AB  - We show how basic crystallography can be combined with resonant scattering of circularly polarized (CP) Xsrays to extract element- and site-specific magnetism in crystals. This is achieved by combining the inherent element specificity of resonance scattering with the symmetry properties of the crystal, which results in enhanced/suppressed scattering amplitudes from certain lattice sites under particular diffraction. conditions. We used this method to measure the magnetic response of inequivalent Nd sites in Nd2 Fe14B single crystal (4f and 4g sites in Wyckoff notation) through the crystal's magnetization reversal at room temperature and through the spin reorientation transition at lower temperatures. This approach might prove very valuable in studies of magnetocrystalllne anisotropy in complex materials with multiple elements and crystal sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - anomalous scattering
KW  - circular polarization
KW  - crystal fields
KW  - Inequivalent crystal. sites
KW  - magnetic circular dichroism
KW  - resonant magnetic scattering
KW  - XMCD.
N1  - Accession Number: 14436192; Haskel, Daniel 1; Email Address: haskel@aps.anl.gov Lang, Jonathan 1 Islam, Zahirul 1 Srajer, George 1 Cross, Julie 2 Canfield, Paul 3; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.  2: Pacific Northwest Consortium, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.  3: Department of Physics and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2874; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: anomalous scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: circular polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inequivalent crystal. sites; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic circular dichroism; Author-Supplied Keyword: resonant magnetic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: XMCD.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832675
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436192&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Y. Q.
AU  - Kramer, M. J.
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Ma, B. M.
AU  - Miller, M. K.
T1  - Behavior of Nb Atoms in Nb Substituted Nd2Fe14B Nanocrystalline Alloys Investigated by Atom Probe Tomography.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2886
EP  - 2888
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The behavior of Nb atoms in Nd12Fe82-xB6Nbx (x = 0 to 3) nanocrystalline alloys has been investigated by using atom probe tomography (APT) technique on neareatomic scale in the present paper. Threesdimensional atom probe (3DAP) analyses on the Nb substituted alloys clearly reveal that Nb atoms are enriched at grain boundaries with a peak concentration about 4 times higher than the average for Nd2Fe14B rains. A grain boundary region with a chemicil composition near the Nb : Fe: B stolchionietry of 3:3:5 is also measured for the x = 3 alloy. The results provide direct evidence of microstructural refinement due to solute drag of Nb atoms during solidification, resulting in Nb enrichment at grain boundaries and possibly the formation of a Nh-rich. interfacial phase which give rise to enhanced magnetic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - ALLOYS -- Analysis
KW  - Atom probe tomography
KW  - nanocrystailine
KW  - niobiwn
KW  - permanent magnets.
N1  - Accession Number: 14436196; Wu, Y. Q. 1; Email Address: yqwu@ameslab.gov Kramer, M. J. 1; Email Address: mjkramer@ameslab.gov Chen, Z. 2; Email Address: zchen@mqii.com Ma, B. M. 2; Email Address: baominma@mqii.com Miller, M. K. 3; Email Address: millermk@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA.  2: Magnequench Technology Center, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA.  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2886; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: ALLOYS -- Analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom probe tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanocrystailine; Author-Supplied Keyword: niobiwn; Author-Supplied Keyword: permanent magnets.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.839018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436196&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, W.
AU  - Dennis, K. W.
AU  - Wu, Y. Q.
AU  - Kramer, M. J.
AU  - Anderson, I. E.
AU  - McCallum, R. W.
T1  - Studies of New YDy-Based R2Fe14B Magnets for High Temperature Performance (R = Y + Dy + Nd).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2907
EP  - 2909
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The effect of Nd substitution on microstructure and magnetic properties in [Ndx(YDy)0.5(1-x)]2.2Fe14B ribbons melt-spun at 22 m/s has been systematically studied. As-spun ribbons with low Nd content consist of 2:17 and 2:14:1 phases in an amorphous matrix, while as-spun ribbons with high Nd contain 2:14:1 and Fe phases in the amorphous matrix. After annealing at 700 °C for 15 mm, all of the ribbons exhibit only a single 2:14:1 phase in their X-ray diffraction patterns. Nd substitution can improve the maximum energy product of annealed ribbons but deteriorate the temperature stability of the ribbons. Increasing Nd (x) from 0 to 0.8, decreases coercivity from 22 to 13.5 kOe, but increases the maximum energy product from 5.87 to 11.2 MGOe. The temperature coefficients for remanence and coercivity increase from -0.045 °C to -0.106 %/°C, and -0.306 to -0.38 %/°C, respectively for the same substitution range. Transmission electron microscope microstructures show that the samples with less Nd content exhibit a more uniform distribution of grains. Their average grain size is about 40 nm. The studied results show that the YDy-based R2Fe14B magnets are very promising for high-temperature performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - Magnetocrystalline anisotropy
KW  - melting spinning
KW  - permanent magnets
KW  - rare earth materials and compounds.
N1  - Accession Number: 14436203; Tang, W. 1; Email Address: weitang@ameslab.gov Dennis, K. W. 1; Email Address: dennis@ameslab.gov Wu, Y. Q. 1; Email Address: yqwu@ameslab.gov Kramer, M. J. 1; Email Address: mjkramer@ameslab.gov Anderson, I. E. 1; Email Address: andersoni@ameslab.gov McCallum, R. W. 1; Email Address: mccallum@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, LA 50011 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2907; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetocrystalline anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: melting spinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: permanent magnets; Author-Supplied Keyword: rare earth materials and compounds.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.829014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436203&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsiao, A.
AU  - Aich, S.
AU  - Lewis, L. H.
AU  - Shield, J. E.
T1  - Magnetization Processes in Melt-Spun Sm-Co-Based Alloys With the TbCu7-Type Structure.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2913
EP  - 2915
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The initial magnetization processes in melt-spun Sm-Co alloys with remanent ratios above 0.7 have been studied. Alloys of (Sm(1/(6+x)Co(5+x))94Nb3C3 (x = 0.67, 1.7, 2.3 and 3) alloys modified with Nb and C were melt spun at wheel speeds of 20 and 40 m/s, and the compositions span the range between the Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 stoichiometries. Structurally, all alloys formed in the TbCu7-type structure, although a small amount of Sm2Co7 was observed in Sm-rich samples, and a small amount of fcc Co formed in Co-rich samples. From transmission electron microscopy analysis, grain sizes typically ranged from 100 to 500 nm, and the grains were randomly oriented. The as-spun ribbons had remanence ratios of 0.7 and coercivity values ranging from 3 to 18 kOe. The initial magnetization curves showed a steep linear response to the applied field for all samples, suggesting that nucleation-controlled processes dominate the magnetization process. In addition, the initial susceptibility decreased with increasing Sm content, reflecting the anisotropy differences between SmCo5 and Sm2Co17 compounds. The initial susceptibility also increased with increasing wheel speed, suggesting that the microstructure has important ramifications on the magnetization process as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC alloys
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - permanent magnet
KW  - rapid solidification
KW  - remanence enhancement
KW  - SmCo alloys.
N1  - Accession Number: 14436205; Hsiao, A. 1; Email Address: hsiaoa@union.edu Aich, S. 2; Email Address: sham_04@hotmail.com Lewis, L. H. 3; Email Address: lhlewis@bnl.gov Shield, J. E. 2; Email Address: jshield2@unl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Union College, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA.  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.  3: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2913; Subject Term: MAGNETIC alloys; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: permanent magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: rapid solidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: remanence enhancement; Author-Supplied Keyword: SmCo alloys.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832118
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436205&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Hauser, Hans
AU  - Grössinger, Roland
AU  - Küpferling, Michaela
T1  - Microstructure and Hysteresis Model Parameters of Hard Magnetic Ferrites.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 2949
EP  - 2951
SN  - 00189464
AB  - The hysteresis in anisotropic Sr ferrite grains and Ba ferrite particles is described by statistical magnetization reversal behavior using phenomenological parameters. Consequently, these parameters are related to spontaneous magnetization, anisotropy, and microstructure geometry, using dimensionless microscopic constants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - BARIUM
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Ba ferrite particles
KW  - hysteresis modeling
KW  - Sr ferrite grains
KW  - uniaxial anisotropy
N1  - Accession Number: 14436217; Hauser, Hans 1,2; Email Address: Hans.Hauser@TUwien.ac.at Grössinger, Roland 1,2; Email Address: roland.groessinger@tuwien.ac.at Küpferling, Michaela 1; Affiliation:  1: Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Source Info: Jul2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p2949; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: BARIUM; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ba ferrite particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: hysteresis modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sr ferrite grains; Author-Supplied Keyword: uniaxial anisotropy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Abstract
L3  - 10.1109/TMAG.2004.832668
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14436217&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ogawa, Haruo
AU  - Yue Qiu
AU  - Ogata, Craig M.
AU  - Misono, Kunio S.
T1  - Crystal Structure of Hormone-bound Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Receptor Extracellular Domain.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/02/
VL  - 279
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 28625
EP  - 28631
SN  - 00219258
AB  - A cardiac hormone, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), plays a major role in blood pressure and volume regulation. ANP activities are mediated by a single span trans- membrane receptor carrying intrinsic guanylate cyclase activity. ANP binding to its extracellular domain stimulates guanylate cyclase activity by an as yet un- known mechanism. Here we report the crystal structure of dimerized extracellular hormone-binding domain in complex with ANP. The structural comparison with the unliganded receptor reveals that hormone binding causes the two receptor monomers to undergo an intermolecular twist with little intramolecular conformational change. This motion produces a Ferris wheel-like translocation of two juxtamembrane domains in the dimer with essentially no change in the interdomain distance. This movement alters the relative orientation of the two domains by a shift equivalent to counterclockwise rotation of each by 24°. These results suggest that transmembrane signaling by the ANP receptor is initiated via a hormone-induced rotation mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATRIAL natriuretic peptides
KW  - PEPTIDE hormones
KW  - CELL receptors
KW  - CELLULAR signal transduction
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13945553; Ogawa, Haruo 1,2 Yue Qiu 1,2 Ogata, Craig M. 3 Misono, Kunio S. 1,2; Email Address: kmisono@unr.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195  2: Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0014  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 7/2/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 27, p28625; Subject Term: ATRIAL natriuretic peptides; Subject Term: PEPTIDE hormones; Subject Term: CELL receptors; Subject Term: CELLULAR signal transduction; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M313222200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tian, W.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F.
AU  - Khalifah, P.G.
AU  - Jin, R.
AU  - Sales, B.C.
AU  - Nagler, S.E.
AU  - Mandrus, D.
T1  - Single crystal growth and characterization of nearly stoichiometric LiVO2
JO  - Materials Research Bulletin
JF  - Materials Research Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/07/02/
VL  - 39
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1319
EP  - 1328
SN  - 00255408
AB  - LiVO2 undergoes an imperfectly understood orbital ordering transition near 500 K resulting in a loss of magnetic moment below the transition. Studies of the transition have been hampered by a lack of high-quality stoichiometric single crystals. Here we report the growth and basic characterization of large, nearly stoichiometric LiVO2 single crystals. The crystals were characterized by magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, differential scanning calorimetry, and specific heat measurements over a temperature range from 2 to 650 K. A first-order phase transition with large hysteresis near <F>Tt≈500</F> K was observed in all measurements. An anisotropy of the order of 100 was observed in the in-plane versus out-of-plane resistivity, and the inferred semiconducting energy gap was 0.18 eV for <F>T<Tt</F> and 0.14 eV for <F>T<Tt</F>. Electron diffraction experiments were performed on LiVO2 single crystals at temperatures below and above Tt. Superlattice reflections were observed below Tt and disappeared upon heating above the phase transition temperature. Upon cooling below Tt, the supperlattice spots reappeared. Bright field electron micrographs indicate that the crystals develop a roughly hexagonal network of cracks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Research Bulletin is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - A. Oxides
KW  - B. Crystal growth
KW  - C. Electron diffraction
KW  - D. Magnetic properties
N1  - Accession Number: 13387466; Tian, W. 1,2; Email Address: wtian@utk.edu Chisholm, M.F. 2 Khalifah, P.G. 2 Jin, R. 2 Sales, B.C. 2 Nagler, S.E. 2 Mandrus, D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 39 Issue 9, p1319; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Magnetic properties; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.materresbull.2004.03.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
T1  - The addicted human brain viewed in the light of imaging studies: brain circuits and treatment strategies
JO  - Neuropharmacology
JF  - Neuropharmacology
Y1  - 2004/07/02/Jul2004 Supplement 1
VL  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 13
SN  - 00283908
AB  - Imaging studies have provided evidence of how the human brain changes as an individual becomes addicted. Here, we integrate the findings from imaging studies to propose a model of drug addiction. The process of addiction is initiated in part by the fast and high increases in DA induced by drugs of abuse. We hypothesize that this supraphysiological effect of drugs trigger a series of adaptations in neuronal circuits involved in saliency/reward, motivation/drive, memory/conditioning, and control/disinhibition, resulting in an enhanced (and long lasting) saliency value for the drug and its associated cues at the expense of decreased sensitivity for salient events of everyday life (including natural reinforcers). Although acute drug intake increases DA neurotransmission, chronic drug consumption results in a marked decrease in DA activity, associated with, among others, dysregulation of the orbitofrontal cortex (region involved with salience attribution) and cingulate gyrus (region involved with inhibitory control). The ensuing increase in motivational drive for the drug, strengthened by conditioned responses and the decrease in inhibitory control favors emergence of compulsive drug taking. This view of how drugs of abuse affect the brain suggests strategies for intervention, which might include: (a) those that will decrease the reward value of the drug of choice; (b) interventions to increase the saliency value of non-drug reinforcers; (c) approaches to weaken conditioned drug behaviors; and (d) methods to strengthen frontal inhibitory and executive control. Though this model focuses mostly on findings from PET studies of the brain DA system it is evident that other neurotransmitters are involved and that a better understanding of their roles in addiction would expand the options for therapeutic targets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neuropharmacology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - ADDICTIONS
KW  - MEMORY
KW  - PSYCHIATRIC drugs
KW  - Cingulate gyrus
KW  - Dopamine
KW  - Nucleus accumbens (NAc)
KW  - Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)
KW  - PET
KW  - Predisposition
KW  - Reward
KW  - Salience
KW  - Striatum
KW  - Motivation
N1  - Accession Number: 14811815; Volkow, Nora D. 1,2,3; Email Address: nvolkow@nida.nih.gov Fowler, Joanna S. 4 Wang, Gene-Jack 3; Affiliation:  1: Office of the Director, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 5274, MSC 9581, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA  2: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  4: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2004 Supplement 1, Vol. 47, p3; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: ADDICTIONS; Subject Term: MEMORY; Subject Term: PSYCHIATRIC drugs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cingulate gyrus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dopamine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleus accumbens (NAc); Author-Supplied Keyword: Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC); Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Predisposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reward; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salience; Author-Supplied Keyword: Striatum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motivation; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.07.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Rasmussen, Steen
AU  - Bedau, Mark A.
AU  - Chen, Liaohai
AU  - Deamer, David W.
AU  - Krakauer, David C.
AU  - Packard, Norman H.
AU  - Stadler, Peter F.
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/02/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5680
M3  - Letter
SP  - 41
EP  - 43
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a response by Steen Rasmussen, Mark A. Bedau, Liaohai Chen, David W. Deamer, David C. Krakauer, Norman H. Packard and Peter F. Stadler to a letter to the editor about their article, that appeared previously in the periodical "Science."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - CYTOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13737758; Rasmussen, Steen 1; Email Address: steen@lanl.gov Bedau, Mark A. 2 Chen, Liaohai 3 Deamer, David W. 4 Krakauer, David C. 5 Packard, Norman H. 6 Stadler, Peter F. 7; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  2: Reed College, Portland, OR 97202, USA.  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  4: University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.  5: Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87506, USA.  6: ProtoLife s.r.l., 30124 Venice, Italy.  7: Institut für Information, Universität Leipzig, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.; Source Info: 7/2/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5680, p41; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: CYTOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 669
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mauche, Christopher W.
T1  - Optical, UV, and EUV Oscillations of SS Cygni in Outburst.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/07/05/
VL  - 714
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
EP  - 322
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - I provide a review of observations in the optical, UV (HST), and EUV (EUVE and Chandra LETG) of the rapid periodic oscillations of nonmagnetic, disk-accreting, high mass-accretion rate cataclysmic variables (CVs), with particular emphasis on the dwarf nova SS Cyg in outburst. In addition, I drawn attention to a correlation, valid over nearly six orders of magnitude in frequency, between the frequencies of the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) of white dwarf, neutron star, and black hole binaries. This correlation identifies the high frequency quasi-coherent oscillations (so-called “dwarf nova oscillations”) of CVs with the kilohertz QPOs of low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), and the low frequency and low coherence QPOs of CVs with the horizontal branch oscillations (or the broad noise component identified as such) of LMXBs. Assuming that the same mechanisms produce the QPOs of white dwarf, neutron star, and black hole binaries, this correlation has important implications for QPO models. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - P Cygni stars
KW  - NEUTRON stars
KW  - DWARF novae
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET spectra
KW  - OPTICAL spectrometers
N1  - Accession Number: 13886030; Mauche, Christopher W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-473, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 714 Issue 1, p315; Subject Term: P Cygni stars; Subject Term: NEUTRON stars; Subject Term: DWARF novae; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET spectra; Subject Term: OPTICAL spectrometers; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gopal, Vidyut
AU  - Stach, Eric A.
AU  - Radmilovic, Velimir R.
AU  - Mowat, Ian A.
T1  - Metal delocalization and surface decoration in direct-write nanolithography by electron beam induced deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/05/
VL  - 85
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 51
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The ability to interconnect different nanostructures is crucial to nanocircuit fabrication efforts. A simple and versatile direct-write nanolithography technique for the fabrication of interconnects is presented. Decomposition of a metalorganic precursor gas by a focused electron beam resulted in the deposition of conductive platinum nanowires. The combination of in situ secondary electron imaging with deposition allows for the simultaneous identification and interconnection of nanoscale components. However, the deposition was not entirely localized to the electron beam raster area, as shown by secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements. The electrical impact of the metallic spread was quantified by measuring the leakage current between closely spaced wires. The origins of the spread and strategies for minimizing it are discussed. These results indicate that, while this direct-write methodology is a convenient one for rapid prototyping of nanocircuits, caution must be used to avoid unwanted decoration of nanostructures by metallic species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13605563; Gopal, Vidyut 1; Email Address: vgopal@lbl.gov Stach, Eric A. 1 Radmilovic, Velimir R. 1 Mowat, Ian A. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Charles Evans and Associates, Sunnyvale, California 94086; Source Info: 7/5/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1765736
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xie, Y.Y.
AU  - Wu, J.Z.
AU  - Yun, S.H.
AU  - Emergo, R.
AU  - Aga, R.
AU  - Christen, D.K.
T1  - Magnetic flux pinning enhancement in HgBa2CaCu2O6+δ films on vicinal substrates.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/05/
VL  - 85
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 70
EP  - 72
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - High-temperature superconducting HgBa2CaCu2O6+δ films were fabricated on the vicinal surfaces of 4°-miscut SrTiO3 single crystal substrates in a cation-exchange process, with the purpose to induce additional growth defects via a step-flow growth mode on the miscut substrates. The critical current densities (Jc) of these films were measured using a standard four-probe method with magnetic fields applied perpendicular to the film surface. The vicinal Hg-1212 films indeed showed higher Jc’s in magnetic fields and irreversibility fields (Hirr) than that on 0°-cut SrTiO3. Hirr at 77 K is 2.1 T for the film grown 0°-cut SrTiO3, and is enhanced to 2.7 T for the one grown on 4°-miscut SrTiO3. If optimized so that the shape and the density of the defects can be controlled experimentally, this may be a promising way of improve magnetic flux pinning for many practical applications related to coated conductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - MAGNETIC flux
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 13605595; Xie, Y.Y. 1; Email Address: yyxie@kualumni.org Wu, J.Z. 1 Yun, S.H. 1 Emergo, R. 1 Aga, R. 1 Christen, D.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 7/5/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1, p70; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: MAGNETIC flux; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1763985
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tae-Hee Lee
AU  - Kumar, Pradeep
AU  - Mehta, Adosh
AU  - Kewei Xu
AU  - Dickson, Robert M.
AU  - Barnes, Michael D.
T1  - Oriented semiconducting polymer nanostructures as on-demand room-temperature single-photon sources.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/05/
VL  - 85
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 100
EP  - 102
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We show that oriented nanostructures from single molecules of a conducting polymer act as highly robust room-temperature single-photon sources. Individual z-oriented polymer nanostructures show high-contrast photon antibunching with a modulation depth exceeding 90%. These results suggest the feasibility of a “push-button” technology for polymer-based single-photon sources in photonic-based quantum information processing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13605599; Tae-Hee Lee 1 Kumar, Pradeep 2 Mehta, Adosh 3 Kewei Xu 1 Dickson, Robert M. 1 Barnes, Michael D. 4; Email Address: barnesmd1@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142; Source Info: 7/5/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1, p100; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768301
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13605599&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhongwu Wang
AU  - Yusheng Zhao
AU  - Schiferl, David
AU  - Zha, C.S.
AU  - Downs, Robert T.
T1  - Pressure induced increase of particle size and resulting weakening of elastic stiffness of CeO2 nanocrystals.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/05/
VL  - 85
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
EP  - 126
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate that the compressibility of cubic fluorite-structure CeO2 nanocrystals (10 nm) increases at pressures above ∼20 GPa. At ambient pressure, CeO2 nanocrystals exhibit larger cell parameters than micro-sized samples, and initially exhibit a higher bulk modulus of 328(12) GPa. However, above 20 GPa, the bulk modulus is reduced to 230(10) GPa. Thus, a critical pressure of ∼20 GPa was determined that signifies the onset of size-induced weakening of elastic stiffness in nanocrystalline CeO2. Comparison of the x-ray diffraction peaks widths between the platinum standard and CeO2 indicates that a significant increase of particle size in CeO2 appears at a pressure of ∼20 GPa. It is suggested that the initial large value of the bulk modulus is a result of either an enhanced surface energy or from the pressure induced stiffness of Young’s modulus (E) and Poisson’s ratio (μ); while the weakening of the elastic stiffness above 20 GPa is due to a pressure-induced increase of particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
N1  - Accession Number: 13605603; Zhongwu Wang 1; Email Address: z_wang@lanl.gov Yusheng Zhao 1 Schiferl, David 1 Zha, C.S. 2 Downs, Robert T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: CHESS, Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853  3: Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721; Source Info: 7/5/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 1, p124; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768298
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holt, Nancy E.
AU  - Fleming, Graham R.
AU  - Niyogi, Krishna K.
T1  - Toward an Understanding of the Mechanism of Nonphotochemical Quenching in Green Plants.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/06/
VL  - 43
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8281
EP  - 8289
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants involves highly reactive intermediates and byproducts that can damage the photosynthetic apparatus and other chloroplast constituents. The potential for damage is exacerbated when the amount of absorbed light exceeds the capacity for light energy utilization in photosynthesis, a condition that can lead to decreases in photosynthetic efficiency. A feedback de-excitation mechanism (qE), measured as a component of nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence, regulates photosynthetic light harvesting in excess light in response to a change in thylakoid lumen pH. qE involves de-excitation of the singlet excited state of chlorophyll in the light-harvesting antenna of photosystem II, thereby minimizing the deleterious effects of high light via thermal dissipation of excess excitation energy. While the physiological importance of qE has been recognized for many years, a description of its physical mechanism remains elusive. We summarize recent biochemical and spectroscopic results that have brought us closer to the goal of a mechanistic understanding of this fundamental photosynthetic regulatory process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - THYLAKOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14013812; Holt, Nancy E. 1,2 Fleming, Graham R. 1,2 Niyogi, Krishna K. 2,3; Email Address: niyogi@nature.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94 720-1460.  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94 720-3102.; Source Info: 7/6/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 26, p8281; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: THYLAKOIDS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gupta, Vibha
AU  - Peterson, Cynthia B.
AU  - Dice, Lezlee T.
AU  - Uchiki, Tomoaki
AU  - Racca, Joseph
AU  - Guo, Jun-tao
AU  - Ying-Xu
AU  - Hettich, Robert
AU  - Zhao, Xiaolan
AU  - Rothstein, Rodney
AU  - Dealwis, Chris G.
T1  - Sml 1p Is a Dimer in Solution: Characterization of Denaturation and Renaturation of Recombinant Sml 1p.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/06/
VL  - 43
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8568
EP  - 8578
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Sml 1p is a small 104-amino acid protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that binds to the large subunit (Rnrlp) of the ribonucleotide reductase complex (RNR) and inhibits its activity. During DNA damage, S phase, or both, RNR activity must be tightly regulated, since failure to control the cellular level of dNTP pools may lead to genetic abnormalities, such as genome rearrangements, or even cell death. Structural characterization of Sml 1p is an important step in understanding the regulation of RNR. Until now the oligomeric state of Sml1p was unknown. Mass spectrometric analysis of wild-type Sml1p revealed an intermolecular disulfide bond involving the cysteine residue at position 14 of the primary sequence. To determine whether disulfide bonding is essential for Sml1p oligomerization, we mutated the Cys 14 to serine. Sedimentation equilibrium measurements in the analytical ultracentrifuge show that both wild-type and C14S Sml 1p exist as dimers in solution, indicating that the dimerization is not a result of a disulfide bond. Further studies of several truncated Sml 1p mutants revealed that the N-terminal 8-20 residues are responsible for dimerization. Unfolding/refolding studies of wild-type and C 14S Sml 1p reveal that both proteins refold reversibly and have almost identical unfolding/refolding profiles. It appears that Sml 1p is a two-domain protein where the N-terminus is responsible for dimerization and the C-terminus for binding and inhibiting Rnrlp activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - OLIGOMERS
KW  - DENATURATION of proteins
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
N1  - Accession Number: 14013840; Gupta, Vibha 1 Peterson, Cynthia B. 1,2 Dice, Lezlee T. 1 Uchiki, Tomoaki 3 Racca, Joseph 1 Guo, Jun-tao 4 Ying-Xu 2,4 Hettich, Robert 3,4 Zhao, Xiaolan 5 Rothstein, Rodney 5 Dealwis, Chris G. 1,4; Email Address: cdealwis@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996.  2: Genome Science and Technology Graduate School, University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Protein informatics Group, Life Sciences Division and Computer Sciences  3: Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6480  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  5: Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.; Source Info: 7/6/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 26, p8568; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: OLIGOMERS; Subject Term: DENATURATION of proteins; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorbarenko, S.A.
AU  - Southon, J.R.
AU  - Keigwin, L.D.
AU  - Cherepanova, M.V.
AU  - Gvozdeva, I.G.
T1  - Late Pleistocene–Holocene oceanographic variability in the Okhotsk Sea: geochemical, lithological and paleontological evidence
JO  - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
JF  - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
Y1  - 2004/07/06/
VL  - 209
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 301
SN  - 00310182
AB  - Sedimentary, geochemical and paleontological data, extracted from a sediment core taken from the central Okhotsk Sea, record climatic and sedimentary changes over the past 100 ky. Benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope record and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C data provide the basis for the core age chronology. Planktonic and benthic foraminiferal δ18O and δ13C measurements, magnetic susceptibility, ice rafted debris and coarse fraction content, carbonate and organic carbon content, and diatom and pollen spectra show major changes in regional climate, sea surface conditions, ice extent and sedimentary regime, which are correlated with the global glacial–interglacial changes of marine isotope stages (MIS) 1 through 5.3. Regional cooling and intensification of winter sea ice formation during the last glaciation increased the northern shelf surface water density and Sea of Okhotsk Intermediate Water (SOIW) formation. In addition to major Milankovitch-scale changes, lithological, geochemical and paleontological indices also show suborbital oscillations in Okhotsk Sea hydrology, sedimentation and regional climate. These shorter-term oscillations are characterized by coupled maxima in ice rafted debris and sediment coarse fraction (lithodynamic indices, LDI) values and most are associated with cold events involving enhanced winter ice formation and intensification of SOIW and North Pacific intermediate water (NPIW) formation. The terminations of LDI maxima were induced by climate warming and reductions in ice formation, and were accompanied by sharp decreases in planktonic foraminiferal δ18O. During the glacial terminations of MIS 2 and 4, however, the onset of suborbital-scale LDI maxima occurs close to sharp negative δ18O shifts in planktonic foraminifera (δ18Opf) associated with climate warming. In these special cases, the LDI maxima occurred under warm climate and rising sea levels and did not lead to increases in SOIW or NPIW ventilation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - PLIOCENE-Pleistocene boundary
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - Hydrological and lithodynamical oscillations
KW  - Late Pleistocene
KW  - Paleoenvironment
KW  - The Okhotsk Sea
N1  - Accession Number: 13563081; Gorbarenko, S.A. 1; Email Address: gorbarenko@poi.dvo.ru Southon, J.R. 2; Email Address: Southon1@llnl.gov Keigwin, L.D. 3; Email Address: lkeigwin@whoi.edu Cherepanova, M.V. 4; Email Address: evolut@eastnet.febras.ru Gvozdeva, I.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Russian Academy of Sciences, Pacific Oceanological Institute, Baltiyskaya St. 43, Vladivostok 690041, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA  3: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA  4: Institute of Biology and Soil Science, FEBRAS, Prospect Stoletiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 209 Issue 1-4, p281; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Subject Term: PLIOCENE-Pleistocene boundary; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrological and lithodynamical oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Late Pleistocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paleoenvironment; Author-Supplied Keyword: The Okhotsk Sea; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.02.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vicic, David A.
AU  - Ariderson, Thomas J.
AU  - Cowan, John A.
AU  - Schuitz, Arthur J.
T1  - Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Dinuclear Metal Complex with Linear M -- H -- M Bonding.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/07/07/
VL  - 126
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8132
EP  - 8133
SN  - 00027863
AB  - A number of years ago, the X-ray crystal structure of the unsupported bridging hydride complex was reported by researchers. The structural data was quite intriguing, as it detailed what would have been the first linear hydride of a simple dinuclear metal complex. The position of the bridging hydride could only be inferred to have a linear relationship with the two chromium atoms. Inn this article authors reports a dinuclear nickel complex containing a single bridging hydride that was found to lie collinearly with the two metal centers and showed no disorder in the neutron diffraction studies.
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - METAL complexes
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - TRANSITION metals
N1  - Accession Number: 13913871; Vicic, David A. 1 Ariderson, Thomas J. 1 Cowan, John A. 2 Schuitz, Arthur J. 2; Email Address: dvicic@uark.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701.  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 7/7/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 26, p8132; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: METAL complexes; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewis, Frederick D.
AU  - Wu, Yansheng
AU  - Ligang Zhang
AU  - Xiaobing Zuo
AU  - Hayes, Ryan T.
AU  - Wasielewski, Michael R.
T1  - DNA-Mediated Exciton Coupling and Electron Transfer between Donor and Acceptor Stilbenes Separated by a Variable Number of Base Pairs.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/07/07/
VL  - 126
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8206
EP  - 8215
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The synthesis, steady-state spectroscopy, and transient absorption spectroscopy of DNA conjugates possessing both stilbene electron donor and electron acceptor chromophores are described. These conjugates are proposed to form nicked DNA dumbbell structures in which a stilbenedicarboxamide acceptor and stilbenediether donor are separated by variable numbers of A-T or G-C base pairs. The nick is located either adjacent to one of the chromophores or between two of the bases. Thermal dissociation profiles indicate that stable structures are formed possessing as few as two A-T base pairs. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra in the base pair region are characteristic of B-DNA duplex structures, whereas CD spectra at longer wavetengths display two bands attributed to exciton coupling between the two stilbenes. The sign and intensity of these bands are dependent upon both the distance between the chromophores and the dihedral angle between their transition dipoles [Δ∊ &ap; Rda-2 sin(2&thetav;)]. Pulsed laser excitation of the stilbenediamide results in creation of the acceptor-donor radical ion pair, which decays via charge recombination. The dynamics of charge separation and charge recombination display an exponential distance dependence, similar to that observed previously for systems in which guanine serves as the electron donor. Unlike exciton coupling between the stilbenes, there is no apparent dependence of the charge- transfer rates upon the dihedral angle between donor and acceptor stilbenes. The introduction of a single 0-C base pair between the donor and acceptor results in a change in the mechanism for charge separation from single step superexchange to hole hopping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - STILBENE
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - PHENYL compounds
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 13913882; Lewis, Frederick D. 1; Email Address: lewis@chem.northwestern.edu Wu, Yansheng 2 Ligang Zhang 1 Xiaobing Zuo 3 Hayes, Ryan T. 1 Wasielewski, Michael R. 1; Email Address: wasielew@chem.northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113.  2: Bayer Diagnostics, East Walpole, MA.  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 7/7/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 26, p8206; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: STILBENE; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: PHENYL compounds; Subject Term: DNA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrens, Michael J.
AU  - Sinks, Louise E.
AU  - Flybtchinski, Boris
AU  - Liu, Wenhao
AU  - Jones, Brooks A.
AU  - Giaimo, Jovan M.
AU  - Gusev, Alexy V.
AU  - Goshe, Andrew J.
AU  - Tiede, David M.
AU  - Wasielewski, Michael R.
T1  - Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Light-Harvesting Arrays from Covalent Multi-Chromophore Perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) Building Blocks.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/07/07/
VL  - 126
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8284
EP  - 8294
SN  - 00027863
AB  - We report on two multi-chromophore building blocks that self-assemble in solution and on surfaces into supramolecular light-harvesting arrays. Each building block is based on perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) chromophores. In one building block, N-phenyl PDI chromophores are attached at their para positions to both nitrogens and the 3 and 6 carbons of pyromellitimide to form a cross-shaped molecule (PI-PDI4). In the second building block, N-phenyl PDI chromophores are attached at their para positions to both nitrogens and the 1 and 7 carbons of a fifth PDI to produce a saddle-shaped molecule (PDI5). These molecules self-assemble into partially ordered dimeric structures (Pl-PDI4)2 and (PDI5)4 in toluene and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran solutions with the PDI molecules approximately parallel to one another primarily due to π-π interactions between adjacent PDI chromophores. On hydrophobic surfaces, PDI5 grows into rod-shaped nanostructures of average length 130 nm as revealed by atomic force microscopy. Photo-excitation of these supramolecular dimers in solution gives direct evidence of strong π-π interactions between the excited PDI chromophore and other PDI molecules nearby based on the observed formation of an excimer-like state in <130 fs with a lifetime of about 20 ns. Multiple photoexcitations of the supramolecular dimers lead to fast singlet-singlet annihilation of the excimer-like state, which occurs with exciton hopping times of about 5 ps, which are comparable to those observed in photosynthetic light- harvesting proteins from green plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERYLENE
KW  - SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry
KW  - BENZANTHRACENES
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13913891; Ahrens, Michael J. 1 Sinks, Louise E. 1 Flybtchinski, Boris 1 Liu, Wenhao 1 Jones, Brooks A. 1 Giaimo, Jovan M. 1 Gusev, Alexy V. 1 Goshe, Andrew J. 2 Tiede, David M. 2 Wasielewski, Michael R. 1; Email Address: wasielew@chem.northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanofabrication and Molecular Self-Assembly, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 7/7/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 26, p8284; Subject Term: PERYLENE; Subject Term: SUPRAMOLECULAR chemistry; Subject Term: BENZANTHRACENES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chowell, G.
AU  - Hengartner, N.W.
AU  - Castillo-Chavez, C.
AU  - Fenimore, P.W.
AU  - Hyman, J.M.
T1  - The basic reproductive number of Ebola and the effects of public health measures: the cases of Congo and Uganda
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2004/07/07/
VL  - 229
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 126
SN  - 00225193
AB  - Despite improved control measures, Ebola remains a serious public health risk in African regions where recurrent outbreaks have been observed since the initial epidemic in <f>1976</f>. Using epidemic modeling and data from two well-documented Ebola outbreaks (Congo 1995 and Uganda 2000), we estimate the number of secondary cases generated by an index case in the absence of control interventions <f>(R0)</f>. Our estimate of <f>R0</f> is <f>1.83</f> (sd <f>0.06</f>) for Congo (1995) and <f>1.34</f> (sd <f>0.03</f>) for Uganda (2000). We model the course of the outbreaks via an SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-removed) epidemic model that includes a smooth transition in the transmission rate after control interventions are put in place. We perform an uncertainty analysis of the basic reproductive number <f>R0</f> to quantify its sensitivity to other disease-related parameters. We also analyse the sensitivity of the final epidemic size to the time interventions begin and provide a distribution for the final epidemic size. The control measures implemented during these two outbreaks (including education and contact tracing followed by quarantine) reduce the final epidemic size by a factor of <f>2</f> relative the final size with a 2-week delay in their implementation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EBOLA virus disease
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - UGANDA
KW  - CONGO (Brazzaville)
KW  - BRAZZAVILLE (Congo)
KW  - Congo
KW  - Ebola
KW  - Interventions
KW  - Outbreak
KW  - Reproductive number
KW  - Uganda
N1  - Accession Number: 13289406; Chowell, G. 1,2; Email Address: gc82@cornell.edu Hengartner, N.W. 3 Castillo-Chavez, C. 1,2 Fenimore, P.W. 1 Hyman, J.M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies (MS B258), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Warren Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  3: Statistical Science (MS F600), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Mathematical Modeling and Analysis (MS B284), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 229 Issue 1, p119; Subject Term: EBOLA virus disease; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: UGANDA; Subject Term: CONGO (Brazzaville); Subject Term: BRAZZAVILLE (Congo); Author-Supplied Keyword: Congo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ebola; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interventions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Outbreak; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reproductive number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uganda; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.03.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pack, Russell T.
AU  - Walker, Robert B.
T1  - Some symmetry-induced isotope effects in the kinetics of recombination reactions.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 800
EP  - 812
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Symmetry-induced isotope effects in recombination and collision-induced dissociation reactions are discussed. Progress on understanding the anomalous isotope effects in ozone is reviewed. Then, calculations are performed for the simpler reaction xNe+yNe+H⇔xNeyNe+H, where x and y label either identical or different isotopes. The atomic masses in the model are chosen so that symmetry is the only difference between the systems. Starting from a single potential energy surface, the properties of the bound, quasibound, and continuum states of the neon dimer are calculated. Then, the vibration rotation infinite order sudden approximation is used to calculate cross sections for all possible inelastic and dissociative processes. A rate constant matrix that exactly satisfies detailed balance is constructed. It allows recombination to occur both via direct three-body collisions and via tunneling into the quasibound states of the energy transfer mechanism. The eigenvalue rate coefficients are determined. Significant isotope effects are clearly found, and their behavior depends on the pressure, temperature, and mechanism of the reaction. Both spin statistics and symmetry breaking produce isotope effects. Under most conditions the breaking of symmetry enhances the rates, but a wide spectrum of effects is observed; they range from isotope effects with a normal mass dependence to huge, mass-independent isotope effects to cancellation and even to reversal of the isotope effects. This is the first calculation of symmetry-induced isotope effects in recombination rates from first principles. The relevance of the present effects to ozone recombination is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - OZONE
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - NEON
KW  - DIMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 13804009; Pack, Russell T. 1; Email Address: pack@lanl.gov Walker, Robert B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (T-12, MS B268), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 7/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 2, p800; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: NEON; Subject Term: DIMERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758697
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, Yong
AU  - Goldfield, Evelyn M.
AU  - Gray, Stephen K.
T1  - Quantum dynamics of vibrationally activated OH–CO reactant complexes.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 823
EP  - 828
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A six-dimensional wave packet study of the unimolecular decay of vibrationally activated OH–CO reactant channel complexes is presented. The ab initio based Lakin–Troya–Schatz–Harding potential energy functions for the A′ and A″ states are employed. Good agreement with the experimental product distributions and lifetimes of Pond and Lester is found. We are able to confirm that complexes with two vibrational quanta of excitation in OH, vOH=2, and no vibrational excitation in CO, vCO=0, decay through two pathways. One pathway leads to products (vOH=1, vCO=0) with relatively high OH rotational energy and the other leads to products (vOH=1, vCO=1) with relatively low OH rotational energy. We also find that the lifetime of the A″ state is less than the A′ state and that there is a propensity for A″ products. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13804006; He, Yong 1 Goldfield, Evelyn M. 1; Email Address: evi@sun.science.wayne.edu Gray, Stephen K. 2; Email Address: gray@anchim.chm.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 7/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 2, p823; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758942
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huber, Dale L.
AU  - Venturini, Eugene L.
AU  - Martin, James E.
AU  - Provencio, Paula P.
AU  - Patel, Rina J.
T1  - Synthesis of highly magnetic iron nanoparticles suitable for field structuring using a β-diketone surfactant
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 278
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
EP  - 316
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We describe the synthesis of highly magnetic iron nanoparticles using a novel surfactant, a β-diketone. We have produced 6 nm iron nanoparticles with an unusually high saturation magnetization of more than 80% the value of bulk iron. Additionally, we measured a particle susceptibility of 14 (MKS units), which is far above the value possible for micron-scale spherical particles. These properties will allow for formation of composites that can be highly structured by magnetic fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETITE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - Iron
KW  - Nanoparticle
KW  - Saturation magnetization
KW  - Superparamagnetism
KW  - Susceptibility
N1  - Accession Number: 13522821; Huber, Dale L.; Email Address: dlhuber@sandia.gov Venturini, Eugene L. 1 Martin, James E. 1 Provencio, Paula P. 1 Patel, Rina J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Nanostructures and Advanced Materials Chemistry, PO Box 5800 MS 1421, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1421, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 278 Issue 3, p311; Subject Term: MAGNETITE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturation magnetization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superparamagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Susceptibility; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.1317
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bylaska
AU  - E. J.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
AU  - Felmy
AU  - A. R.
AU  - Apra
AU  - E.
AU  - Windus
AU  - T. L.
AU  - Zhan
AU  - C.-G.
AU  - Tratnyek
AU  - P. G.
T1  - The Energetics of the Hydrogenolysis, Dehydrohalogenation, and Hydrolysis of 4,4‘-Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane from ab Initio Electronic Structure Theory.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 5883
EP  - 5893
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Electronic structure methods were used to calculate the aqueous reaction energies for hydrogenolysis, dehydrochlorination, and nucleophilic substitution by OH- of 4,4‘-DDT. Thermochemical properties ΔHf° (298.15 K), S° (298.15 K, 1 bar), ΔGS (298.15 K, 1 bar) were calculated by using ab initio electronic structure calculations, isodesmic reactions schemes, gas-phase entropy estimates, and continuum solvation models for a series of DDT type structures (p-C6H4Cl)2-CH-CCl3, (p-C6H4Cl)2-CH-CCl2•, (p-C6H4Cl)2-CH-CHCl2, (p-C6H4Cl)2-C=CCl2, (p-C6H4Cl)2-CH-CCl2OH, (p-C6H4Cl)2-CH-CCl(=O), and (p-C6H4Cl)2-CH-COOH. On the basis of these thermochemical estimates, the overall aqueous reaction energetics of hydrogenolysis, dehydrochlorination, and hydrolysis of 4,4‘-DDT were estimated. The results of this investigation showed that the dehydrochlorination and hydrolysis reactions have strongly favorable thermodynamics in the standard state, as well as under a wide range of pH conditions. For hydrogenolysis with the reductant aqueous Fe(II), the thermodynamics are strongly dependent on pH, and the stability region of the (p-C6H4Cl)2-CH-CCl2•(aq) species is a key to controlling the reactivity in hydrogenolysis. These results illustrate the use of ab initio electronic structure methods to identify the potentially important environmental degradation reactions by calculation of the reaction energetics of a potentially large number of organic compounds with aqueous species in natural waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENOLYSIS
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL degradation
N1  - Accession Number: 14599072; Bylaska E. J. 1 Dixon D. A. 1 Felmy A. R. 1 Apra E. 1 Windus T. L. 1 Zhan C.-G. 1 Tratnyek P. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 27, p5883; Subject Term: HYDROGENOLYSIS; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL degradation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maryasov
AU  - A. G.
AU  - Bowman
AU  - M. K.
T1  - Hyperfine Sublevel Correlation (HYSCORE) Spectra for Paramagnetic Centers with Nuclear Spin I = 1 Having Isotropic Hyperfine Interactions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 9412
EP  - 9420
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) spectra of paramagnetic centers that have nuclei with nuclear spin I = 1 and isotropic hyperfine interactions (HFIs) and arbitrary nuclear quadrupole interactions (NQIs) are shown to consist of ridges that have zero width. A parametric presentation of these ridges is suggested that shows the range of possible frequencies in the HYSCORE spectrum and aids in spectral assignments and rapid estimation of spin Hamiltonian parameters. An alternative approach for the spectral density calculation is presented. This methodology is based on spectral decomposition of the Hamiltonian and requires only the eigenvalues. An atlas of HYSCORE spectra is given in the Supporting Information for this paper. This approach is applied to the estimation of the spin Hamiltonian parameters of the oxovanadium-EDTA complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - MATRICES
N1  - Accession Number: 14599085; Maryasov A. G. 1 Bowman M. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia, and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352-0999; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 27, p9412; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: MATRICES; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heinen
AU  - U.
AU  - Poluektov
AU  - O.
AU  - Stavitski
AU  - E.
AU  - Berthold
AU  - T.
AU  - Ohmes
AU  - Schlesselman
AU  - S. L.
AU  - Golecki
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Moro
AU  - G. J.
AU  - Levanon
AU  - H.
AU  - Thurnauer
AU  - M. C.
AU  - Kothe
T1  - Magnetic-Field-Induced Orientation of Photosynthetic Reaction Centers, As Revealed by Time-Resolved D-Band Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Spin-Correlated Radical Pairs. II. Field Dependence of the Alignment.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 9498
EP  - 9504
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The magnetic-field-induced orientation of photosynthetic reaction centers has been studied by time-resolved D-band (130 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of the secondary radical pair, [inline equation] <EQNDATA>%@mt;sys@%%@ital@%A%@rsf@%%@sx@%1%@be@%-%@sxx@%%@mx@%</EQNDATA> , in plant photosystem I (PSI). Experiments have been performed for fresh and lyophilized whole cells of the deuterated cyanobacterium S. lividus. A computer fit of the angle-dependent D-band spectra, measured for two different sample orientations, provides the order parameter SZ‘Z‘ of the symmetry axis, Z‘, of the susceptibility tensor, relative to the magnetic field. The positive sign of this order parameter indicates that membrane proteins are the major source for the anisotropy of the diamagnetic susceptibility, ΔχV. A value for ΔχV has been extracted from the magnetic-field dependence of SZ‘Z‘. The value of ΔχV = 5.7 × 10-27 m3 is in good agreement with an estimate for the susceptibility anisotropy of a cyanobacterial cell. This demonstrates that whole cells are aligned in the magneto-orientation process. The combination of high-field EPR of a magnetically oriented sample with the analysis of quantum beat oscillations allows determination of the three-dimensional structure of [inline equation] <EQNDATA>%@mt;sys@%%@ital@%A%@rsf@%%@sx@%1%@be@%-%@sxx@%%@mx@%</EQNDATA>  in the photosynthetic membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14599095; Heinen U. 1 Poluektov O. 1 Stavitski E. 1 Berthold T. 1 Ohmes Schlesselman S. L. 1 Golecki J. R. 1 Moro G. J. 1 Levanon H. 1 Thurnauer M. C. 1 Kothe; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, D-79104, Freiburg/Germany, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Physical Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg/Germany, and Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Loredan 2, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 27, p9498; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC reaction centers; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Hongwu
AU  - Navrotsky, Alexandra
AU  - Nyman, May
AU  - Nenoff, Tina M.
T1  - Crystal chemistry and energetics of pharmacosiderite-related microporous phases in the K2O–Cs2O–SiO2–TiO2–H2O system
JO  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
JF  - Microporous & Mesoporous Materials
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 218
SN  - 13871811
AB  - A complete series of solid solutions with compositions (K1-xCsx)3Ti4Si3O15(OH) · <f>n</f>H2O (<f>n=4</f>–6, <f>0⩽x⩽1</f>) and having the pharmacosiderite structure (space group P<f>&4macr;</f>3m) has been synthesized using hydrothermal and ion-exchange methods. Rietveld analysis of synchrotron XRD data shows that the unit-cell parameter <f>a</f> increases linearly with increasing Cs+ content. In the structure, K+ is situated in the center of the eight-membered titanosilicate ring, whereas Cs+ is displaced from the ring center, and the displacement increases with higher K+/(Cs+ + K+) ratio.The enthalpies of formation from the oxides and from the elements were determined by drop solution calorimetry into molten 2PbO · B2O3 solvent at 974 K. The formation enthalpies from oxides become more exothermic with increasing Cs+/(Cs+ + K+), suggesting a stabilizing effect of K+ → Cs+ on the pharmacosiderite structure. Calculation of the enthalpy of the K+ → Cs+ exchange reaction based on the measured formation enthalpies indicates that the Cs+ uptake in these phases is probably thermodynamically (rather than kinetically) driven. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Microporous & Mesoporous Materials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - Crystal chemistry
KW  - Enthalpy of formation
KW  - Pharmacosiderite
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Titanosilicate
N1  - Accession Number: 13471691; Xu, Hongwu 1 Navrotsky, Alexandra 1; Email Address: anavrotsky@ucdavis.edu Nyman, May 2 Nenoff, Tina M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Thermochemistry Facility and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Chemical and Biological Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p209; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy of formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pharmacosiderite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanosilicate; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.micromeso.2004.03.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gweon, G.-H.
AU  - Sasagawa, T.
AU  - Zhou, S. Y.
AU  - Graf, J.
AU  - Takagi, H.
AU  - Lee, D.-H.
AU  - Lanzara, A.
T1  - An unusual isotope effect in a high-transition-temperature superconductor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6996
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 190
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - In conventional superconductors, the electron pairing that allows superconductivity is caused by exchange of virtual phonons, which are quanta of lattice vibration. For high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductors, it is far from clear that phonons are involved in the pairing at all. For example, the negligible change in Tc of optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Bi2212; ref. 1) upon oxygen isotope substitution (16O ? 18O leads to Tc decreasing from 92 to 91?K) has often been taken to mean that phonons play an insignificant role in this material. Here we provide a detailed comparison of the electron dynamics of Bi2212 samples containing different oxygen isotopes, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our data show definite and strong isotope effects. Surprisingly, the effects mainly appear in broad high-energy humps, commonly referred to as ‘incoherent peaks’. As a function of temperature and electron momentum, the magnitude of the isotope effect closely correlates with the superconducting gap-that is, the pair binding energy. We suggest that these results can be explained in a dynamic spin-Peierls picture, where the singlet pairing of electrons and the electron-lattice coupling mutually enhance each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 13696715; Gweon, G.-H. 1 Sasagawa, T. 2,3 Zhou, S. Y. 4 Graf, J. 1 Takagi, H. 2,3,5 Lee, D.-H. 1,4 Lanzara, A. 1,4; Email Address: alanzara@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan  3: CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan  4: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA  5: RIKEN (The Institut of Physical and Chemical Research), Wako, Japan; Source Info: 7/8/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6996, p187; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02731
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miliron, Delia J.
AU  - Hughes, Steven M.
AU  - Yi Cui
AU  - Manna, Liberato
AU  - Jingbo Li
AU  - Lin-Wang Wang
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
T1  - Colloidal nanocrystal heterostructures with linear and branched topology.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6996
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
EP  - 195
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The development of colloidal quantum dots has led to practical applications of quantum confinement, such as in solution-processed solar cells, lasers and as biological labels. Further scientific and technological advances should be achievable if these colloidal quantum systems could be electronically coupled in a general way. For example, this was the case when it became possible to couple solid-state embedded quantum dots into quantum dot molecules. Similarly, the preparation of nanowires with linear alternating compositions-another form of coupled quantum dots-has led to the rapid development of single-nanowire light-emitting diodes and single-electron transistors. Current strategies to connect colloidal quantum dots use organic coupling agents, which suffer from limited control over coupling parameters and over the geometry and complexity of assemblies. Here we demonstrate a general approach for fabricating inorganically coupled colloidal quantum dots and rods, connected epitaxially at branched and linear junctions within single nanocrystals. We achieve control over branching and composition throughout the growth of nanocrystal heterostructures to independently tune the properties of each component and the nature of their interactions. Distinct dots and rods are coupled through potential barriers of tuneable height and width, and arranged in three-dimensional space at well-defined angles and distances. Such control allows investigation of potential applications ranging from quantum information processing to artificial photosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - DIODES
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13696719; Miliron, Delia J. 1,2 Hughes, Steven M. 1,2 Yi Cui 1,2 Manna, Liberato 1,2,3 Jingbo Li 3 Lin-Wang Wang 3 Alivisatos, A. Paul 1,2; Email Address: alivis@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA  3: National Nanotechnology Lab of INFM, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce Lecce, Italy; Source Info: 7/8/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6996, p190; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02695
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumbartzki, G.
AU  - Cooper, J.R.
AU  - Benczer-Koller, N.
AU  - Hiles, K.
AU  - Mertzimekis, T.J.
AU  - Taylor, M.J.
AU  - Speidel, K.-H.
AU  - Maier-Komor, P.
AU  - Bernstein, L.
AU  - McMahan, M.A.
AU  - Phair, L.
AU  - Powell, J.
AU  - Wutte, D.
T1  - First <f>g</f> factor measurement using a radioactive 76Kr beam
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 591
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 219
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The <f>g</f> factor of the first 2+ state of radioactive 76Kr (<f>T1/2=14.8</f> h) has been measured, extending the systematics of the previously measured stable 78, 80, 82, 84, 86Kr isotopes. The measurement was performed with a radioactive 76Kr ion beam applying projectile Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics combined with the transient magnetic field technique. The 76Kr beam was produced and accelerated in batch mode (re-cyclotron method) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 88-Inch Cyclotron. A total of three production and acceleration cycles yielded six hours of beam on target with peak rates of 108 particles/s. About <f>5.6×104</f> particle-<f>γ</f> coincidence events were recorded. The <f>g</f> factor <f>g(76Kr;2+1)=+0.37(11)</f> was obtained by direct comparison to the known <f>g(78Kr;2+1)</f> value re-measured immediately after the 76Kr runs with the same setup and under almost identical kinematic conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - COULOMB excitation
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - COULOMB functions
KW  - Coulomb excitation
KW  - Inverse kinematics
KW  - Magnetic moment
KW  - Radioactive beam
KW  - Transient field
N1  - Accession Number: 13388879; Kumbartzki, G. 1; Email Address: kum@physics.rutgers.edu Cooper, J.R. 2 Benczer-Koller, N. 1 Hiles, K. 1 Mertzimekis, T.J. 3 Taylor, M.J. 4 Speidel, K.-H. 5 Maier-Komor, P. 6 Bernstein, L. 2 McMahan, M.A. 7 Phair, L. 7 Powell, J. 7 Wutte, D. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: NSCL, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  4: School of Engineering, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK  5: Helmholtz-Institut  für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany  6: Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany  7: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 591 Issue 3/4, p213; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: COULOMB excitation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulomb excitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse kinematics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic moment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient field; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.04.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Meiya
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Fisher, B.L.
AU  - Zhao, Xingzhong
AU  - Maroni, V.A.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - <f>c</f>-Axis orientation control of YBa2Cu3O7-x films grown on inclined-substrate-deposited MgO-buffered metallic substrates
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 131
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 105
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Biaxially textured YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films were grown on non-textured metal substrates with inclined-substrate-deposited (ISD) MgO as template. The biaxial texture feature of the films was examined by X-ray pole-figure analysis, <f>φ</f>-scan, and <f>2θ</f>-scan. A tilt angle of 32° of the MgO[001] with respect to the substrate normal was observed. Epitaxial growth of YBCO films with <f>c</f>-axis tilt angle of 32° with respect to the substrate normal was obtained on these substrates with SrTiO3(STO) as buffer layer. Whereas, by choosing yttria-stabilized ZrO2 and CeO2 instead of STO as buffer layer, a <f>c</f>-axis untilted YBCO film was obtained. Higher values of <f>Tc=</f>91 K and <f>Jc=</f>5.5×105 A/cm2 were obtained on the <f>c</f>-axis untilted YBCO films with 0.46 μm thickness at 77 K in zero field. Comparative studies revealed a unique role of CeO2 in controlling the orientation of the YBCO films grown on ISD-MgO buffered metal substrates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - EXECUTIVES
KW  - A. YBCO-coated conductor
KW  - B. Inclined substrate deposition
KW  - C. X-ray pole-figure analysis
KW  - D. Orientation control
N1  - Accession Number: 13327748; Li, Meiya 1; Email Address: myli@whu.edu.cn Ma, B. 2 Koritala, R.E. 2 Fisher, B.L. 2 Zhao, Xingzhong 1 Maroni, V.A. 3 Dorris, S.E. 2 Balachandran, U. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 131 Issue 2, p101; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: EXECUTIVES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. YBCO-coated conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Inclined substrate deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray pole-figure analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Orientation control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.04.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Gao
AU  - Kerr, John B.
AU  - Johnson, Steve
T1  - Dark spot formation relative to ITO surface roughness for polyfluorene devices
JO  - Synthetic Metals
JF  - Synthetic Metals
Y1  - 2004/07/08/
VL  - 144
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
SN  - 03796779
AB  - The failure behaviors of ITO/PEDOT;PSS/polyfluorene/Al devices are different depending on the surface roughness of the sputtered ITO anode film. The spikes on ITO surface are responsible for the initial local shorts of the device, which develop into dark spots very quickly. Indium adsorption is observed on the polymer and Al cathode interface. A chemical etching procedure is used to smoothen the ITO surface without changing the ITO thickness and the sheet resistance. Devices made out of smooth ITO show minimum changes at polymer–cathode interface during operation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Synthetic Metals is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDIUM
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - SURFACE roughness
KW  - Dark spot
KW  - Failure mechanism
KW  - Interface
KW  - ITO surface
KW  - OLED
N1  - Accession Number: 13066409; Liu, Gao; Email Address: gliu@lbl.gov Kerr, John B. 1 Johnson, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 62R0203, Berkeley, CA 94720-8253, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 144 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: INDIUM; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: SURFACE roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dark spot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Failure mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: ITO surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: OLED; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.synthmet.2004.01.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwarzenbacher, Robert
AU  - Stenner-Liewen, Frank
AU  - Liewen, Heike
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Hua Yuan
AU  - Bossy-Wetzel, Ella
AU  - Reed, John C.
AU  - Liddington, Robert C.
T1  - Structure of the Chlamydia Protein CADD Reveals a Redox Enzyme That Modulates Host Cell Apoptosis.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/09/
VL  - 279
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 29320
EP  - 29324
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The Chlamydia protein CADD (Chlamydia protein associating with death domains) has been implicated in the modulation of host cell apoptosis via binding to the death domains of tumor necrosis factor family receptors. Transfection of CADD into mammalian cells induces apoptosis. Here we present the CADD crystal structure, which reveals a dimer of seven-helix bundles. Each bundle contains a di-iron center adjacent to an internal cavity, forming an active site similar to that of methane mono-oxygenase hydrolase. We further show that CADD mutants lacking critical metal-coordinating residues are substantially less effective in inducing apoptosis but retain their ability to bind to death domains. We conclude that CADD is a novel redox protein toxin unique to Chlamydia species and propose that both its redox activity and death domain binding ability are required for its biological activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLAMYDIA
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - HYDROLASES
KW  - TOXINS
N1  - Accession Number: 14150593; Schwarzenbacher, Robert 1; Email Address: roberts@sdsc.edu Stenner-Liewen, Frank 2 Liewen, Heike 2 Robinson, Howard 3 Hua Yuan 1 Bossy-Wetzel, Ella 1 Reed, John C. 1; Email Address: rlidding@burnham.org Liddington, Robert C. 1; Affiliation:  1: The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California  2: University of the Saarland, Medical Dept. I, Homburg, Germany  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: 7/9/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 28, p29320; Subject Term: CHLAMYDIA; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: HYDROLASES; Subject Term: TOXINS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 10 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M401268200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Capart, Richard
AU  - Khezami, Lotfi
AU  - Burnham, Alan K.
T1  - Assessment of various kinetic models for the pyrolysis of a microgranular cellulose
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/07/09/
VL  - 417
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 89
SN  - 00406031
AB  - The kinetics of pyrolysis of a micro-crystalline cellulose in nitrogen were studied from TGA and DTG data, obtained with two different modes of heating: a dynamic mode at constant heating rates between 1 and 11 °C/min and an isothermal mode at various temperatures, kept constant between 280 and 320 °C. In isothermal mode, it appeared very clearly that the mass depletion shows a sigmoid profile characteristic of an auto-accelerated reaction process. This behaviour is consistent with kinetics of nuclei-growth, well represented by the models of Avrami–Erofeev (A–E) and of Prout–Tompkins (P–T) type. All the other kinetic models commonly applied to the thermal decomposition of solids revealed unsatisfactory. The TGA and DTG data were, thus, found ideally simulated from a reaction scheme consisting in two parallel reactions, termed 1 and 2, each one described by the kinetic law: <F>dx/dt=-A-E/RTxn(1-0.99x)m</F>. Reaction 1 is related to the bulk decomposition of cellulose and is characterised by the set of parameters: <F>E1=202</F> kJ/mol; <F>n1=1</F>; <F>m1=0.48</F>. Reaction 2 is related to the slower residual decomposition, which takes place over approximately 350 °C and affects only 16% by weight of the raw cellulose. With m2 constrained to 1, the optimised parameters of this reaction were: <F>E2=255</F> kJ/mol; <F>n2=22</F>. Finally, the proposed model allowed to correctly fit not less than to 10 sets of ATG–DTG data, isothermal and dynamic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CELLULOSE
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Thermal decomposition
N1  - Accession Number: 13290436; Capart, Richard 1; Email Address: richard.capart@utc.fr Khezami, Lotfi 1 Burnham, Alan K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Industriels, UMR 6067 du CNRS, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, P.O. Box 20529, 60205 Compiègne, France  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 417 Issue 1, p79; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CELLULOSE; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal decomposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tca.2004.01.029
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13290436&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rose, M.K.
AU  - Borg, A.
AU  - Dunphy, J.C.
AU  - Mitsui, T.
AU  - Ogletree, D.F.
AU  - Salmeron, M.
T1  - Chemisorption of atomic oxygen on Pd(1 1 1) studied by STM
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/07/10/
VL  - 561
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 78
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Atomic oxygen resulting from the dissociation of O2 on Pd(1 1 1) at low coverage was studied in a variable temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) in the range from 30 to 210 K. Oxygen atoms, which typically appear as 30–40 pm deep depressions on Pd(1 1 1), occupy fcc hollow sites and form ordered p(2 × 2) islands upon annealing above 180 K. The mobility of the atoms diminishes rapidly below 180 K, with an approximate diffusion barrier of 0.4–0.5 eV. Oxygen atom pairs produced by thermal dissociation of O2 at 160 K occupy both fcc and hcp hollow sites. The atoms travel approximately 0.25 nm after dissociation, and the distribution of pairs is strongly influenced by the presence of subsurface impurities within the Pd sample. At much lower temperatures, the STM tip can dissociate oxygen molecules. Dissociation occurs at sample bias voltages exceeding approximately 0.1 V. Following tip-induced dissociation, the product atoms occupy only fcc hollow sites. Oxygen atoms can be manipulated via short range repulsive interactions with the STM tip. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13470661; Rose, M.K. Borg, A. Dunphy, J.C. 1 Mitsui, T. 1 Ogletree, D.F. 1 Salmeron, M.; Email Address: salmeron@stm.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 561 Issue 1, p69; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.04.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dou, Yusheng
AU  - Torralva, Ben R.
AU  - Allen, Roland E.
T1  - Interplay of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom in a femtosecond-scale photochemical reaction
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/11/
VL  - 392
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
EP  - 357
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The intricate dynamical processes in photochemical reactions are not fully accessible to either experiment or conventional theory. Here, we outline a technique for simulations in photochemistry, which employs classical trajectories for the nuclei moving in a mean field, with the electrons coupled to a laser pulse by the time-dependent Peierls substitution. We demonstrate that it provides an illuminating description of photoisomerization. One observes a nontrivial sequence of events which include multiple electronic excitations, conversion of double bonds to single bonds (and vice versa), nonadiabatic depopulation of excited levels at avoided crossings, vibrational energy redistribution, and an elegant interdependence of the various electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13563654; Dou, Yusheng 1 Torralva, Ben R. 2 Allen, Roland E. 1; Email Address: allen@tamu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, Mail Stop 4242, College Station, TX 77843, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 392 Issue 4-6, p352; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.05.087
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kobko, Nadya
AU  - Masunov, Artëm
AU  - Tretiak, Sergei
T1  - Calculations of the third-order nonlinear optical responses in push–pull chromophores with a time-dependent density functional theory
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/11/
VL  - 392
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 444
EP  - 451
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The third-order resonant and static nonlinear optical polarizabilities of the donor–donor and donor–acceptor substituted π conjugated molecules are calculated using the third-order response formalism in combination with time-dependent Hartree–Fock (TD-HF) and density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods. Performance of different levels of theory for excited state structure and nonlinear optical responses has been analyzed. Since the exact computations are fairly expensive, and only a few components of the cubic polarizability (corresponding to the Liouville space paths) are important, numerically efficient approximations are suggested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - POLARIZABILITY (Electricity)
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
N1  - Accession Number: 13563669; Kobko, Nadya Masunov, Artëm 1 Tretiak, Sergei; Email Address: serg@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 392 Issue 4-6, p444; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: POLARIZABILITY (Electricity); Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.05.078
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tomascik-Cheeseman, Lisa M.
AU  - Coleman, Matthew A.
AU  - Marchetti, Francesco
AU  - Nelson, David O.
AU  - Kegelmeyer, Laura M.
AU  - Nath, Joginder
AU  - Wyrobek, Andrew J.
T1  - Differential basal expression of genes associated with stress response, damage control, and DNA repair among mouse tissues
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/07/11/
VL  - 561
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Efficient recognition and repair of DNA damage is essential for maintaining genomic integrity. Tissues and cell types within tissues appear to vary in both DNA damage susceptibilities and cancer incidences, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize the baseline transcription profiles of selected genes involved in DNA damage recognition and repair processes among several tissues of healthy adult B6C3F1 mice (testis, brain, liver, spleen and heart), which are routinely used by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) to conduct long-term chemical carcinogenicity studies. Stress response, damage control and DNA repair-associated genes were differentially expressed among the tissues examined. Overall, stress response genes exhibited the greatest variation among tissues with the highest expression in liver and heart while DNA repair genes exhibited the least variation. Damage control genes associated with cell cycle regulation and DNA repair genes generally had the highest expression in testis. The expression levels of several genes were rank correlated with the spontaneous cancer incidences among these tissues. Variations in basal expression of DNA damage recognition and repair-associated genes among healthy tissues may contribute to their differential response to genotoxic agents and susceptibility to genetic disease. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - Biochemical genetics
KW  - Tissues
KW  - Expression profiling
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Microarray
N1  - Accession Number: 13625476; Tomascik-Cheeseman, Lisa M. 1,2; Coleman, Matthew A. 1; Marchetti, Francesco 1; Nelson, David O. 1; Kegelmeyer, Laura M. 1; Nath, Joginder 2; Wyrobek, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: wyrobek1@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-448 Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 2: Genetics and Developmental Biology Program, West Virginia University, 1090 Agricultural Sciences Building, P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 561 Issue 1/2, p1; Thesaurus Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: Biochemical genetics; Subject Term: Tissues; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expression profiling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microarray; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.02.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13625476&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, M.J.
T1  - Scintillation: mechanisms and new crystals
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07/11/
VL  - 527
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The physical mechanisms active in inorganic scintillators used for medical imaging are reviewed briefly. These include relaxation of electronic excitation following initial absorption of high-energy radiation, thermalization of electrons and holes, formation of excitons, charge carrier trapping on defects and self-trapping, transfer of excitation to luminescence centers, and emission of detectable light. Materials include intrinsic and activated insulating crystals and semiconductors involving several different luminescent centers and radiative processes. Fundamental limitations of scintillator performance and nonradiative processes arising from native defects and impurities that can limit scintillation light output are discussed. The properties of several recently reported scintillating crystals are also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATION spectrometry
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - RADIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - Activated scintillators
KW  - Crystal scintillators
KW  - Intrinsic scintillators
KW  - Scintillation mechanisms
KW  - Semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 13589680; Weber, M.J. 1; Email Address: mjweber@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 55-121, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 527 Issue 1/2, p9; Subject Term: SCINTILLATION spectrometry; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RADIOCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Activated scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intrinsic scintillators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scintillation mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13589680&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolesnikov, N.N.
AU  - Kveder, V.V.
AU  - James, R.B.
AU  - Borisenko, D.N.
AU  - Kulakov, M.P.
T1  - Growth of CdTe nanocrystals by vapor deposition method
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07/11/
VL  - 527
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The CdTe monodisperse nanoparticles and quasi-one-dimensional nanocrystals were obtained by the vapor deposition method. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction were used to characterize these nanocrystals. It was found that nanocrystals had wurtzite or sphalerite structure depending on the growth conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - CdTe
KW  - CdTe nanocrystals
KW  - CdTe nanoparticles
KW  - Vapor deposition method
N1  - Accession Number: 13589694; Kolesnikov, N.N. 1; Email Address: nkolesn@issp.ac.ru Kveder, V.V. 1 James, R.B. 2 Borisenko, D.N. 1 Kulakov, M.P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russian Federation  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, L.I., NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 527 Issue 1/2, p73; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdTe nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdTe nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor deposition method; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.064
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13589694&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moses, William W.
AU  - Qi, Jinyi
T1  - Instrumentation optimization for positron emission mammography
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07/11/
VL  - 527
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The past several years have seen designs for PET cameras optimized to image the breast, commonly known as Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) cameras. The guiding principal behind PEM instrumentation is that a camera whose field of view is restricted to a single breast has higher performance and lower cost than a conventional PET camera. The most common geometry is a pair of parallel planes of detector modules, although geometries that encircle the breast have also been proposed. The ability of the detectors to measure the depth of interaction (DOI) is also a relevant feature. This paper finds that while both the additional solid angle coverage afforded by encircling the breast and the decreased blurring afforded by the DOI measurement improve performance, for small lesions the ability to measure DOI is more important than the ability to encircle the breast. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRON emission
KW  - MAMMOGRAMS
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - Breast cancer
KW  - Fisher information matrix
KW  - PEM camera design and optimization
KW  - Positron emission mammography
N1  - Accession Number: 13589696; Moses, William W.; Email Address: wwmoses@lbl.gov Qi, Jinyi 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 55-121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 527 Issue 1/2, p76; Subject Term: POSITRON emission; Subject Term: MAMMOGRAMS; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Breast cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fisher information matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEM camera design and optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positron emission mammography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13589696&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woody, C.
AU  - Kriplani, A.
AU  - O’Connor, P.
AU  - Pratte, J.-F.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Rescia, S.
AU  - Schlyer, D.
AU  - Shokouhi, S.
AU  - Stoll, S.
AU  - Vaska, P.
AU  - Villaneuva, A.
AU  - Volkow, N.
AU  - Yu, B.
T1  - RatCAP: a small, head-mounted PET tomograph for imaging the brain of an awake RAT
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07/11/
VL  - 527
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A small, head-mounted tomograph is being developed which will allow PET imaging of the brain of an awake rat. This device will permit neurophysiological studies to be carried out on small animals without the use of anaesthesia, which severely suppresses brain functions and behavior. The tomograph consists of a 4 cm diameter ring consisting of 12 blocks of LSO crystals, each containing a 4×8 matrix of 2×2 mm2 pixels read out with a Hamamatsu S8550 avalanche photodiode array. The ring will be mounted to the head of the rat and supported by a tether that carries the weight and provides a pathway for electrical signals. Combined with additional mechanical components, it will allow nearly complete freedom of movement of the animal. In order to minimize the weight of the ring, and to keep all of the front end readout electronics as close as possible to the detector, a new ASIC is being developed in 0.18 μm CMOS technology that will process the analog signals and provide digital readout of the pixel arrays and timing information.This paper will describe the novel features and challenges of this new detector, along with preliminary results obtained with a pair of block detectors used in a configuration similar to the final tomograph. Results are given on studies carried out to optimize the light output of the crystal arrays, measurements of the APDs, a preliminary design of the readout electronics chip, and reconstructed images of various types of phantoms in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the detector concept. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC monitoring
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - TOMOGRAPH
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - Brain imaging
KW  - PET
KW  - RatCAP
KW  - Small animal
KW  - Tomograph
N1  - Accession Number: 13589715; Woody, C. 1; Email Address: woody@bnl.gov Kriplani, A. 2 O’Connor, P. 1 Pratte, J.-F. 1,3 Radeka, V. 1 Rescia, S. 1 Schlyer, D. 1 Shokouhi, S. 2 Stoll, S. 1 Vaska, P. 1 Villaneuva, A. 2 Volkow, N. 1 Yu, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Department, Bldg 510C, Upton NY 11973, USA  2: Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11974, USA  3: University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 527 Issue 1/2, p166; Subject Term: NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC monitoring; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPH; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Author-Supplied Keyword: RatCAP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small animal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tomograph; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.114
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13589715&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sang Yeol Lee
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Jang-Sik Lee
AU  - Lee, J. K.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Crooker, S. A.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Kang, Hong-Seong
AU  - Jeong-Seok Kang
T1  - Effects of chemical composition on the optical properties of Zn1-xCdxO thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 218
EP  - 220
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Zn1-xCdxO thin films were deposited on (0001) sapphire substrates by pulsed-laser deposition. Structural and optical properties of Zn1-xCdxO films were strongly correlated to the processing conditions. The composition of the films varied nonmonotonically as a function of deposition temperatures due to the difference of vapor pressure between Cd and Zn species. The optical energy bandgap of Zn1-xCdxO thin films, measured by photoluminescence and transmittance, changed from 3.249 to 3.291 eV. The change of the optical properties was mainly attributed to the change of the stoichiometry of Zn1-xCdxO, as determined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - ZINC
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - VAPOR pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 13719773; Sang Yeol Lee 1,2; Email Address: sylee@yonsei.ac.kr Li, Y. 1 Jang-Sik Lee 1 Lee, J. K. 1 Nastasi, M. 1 Crooker, S. A. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1,2 Kang, Hong-Seong 2 Jeong-Seok Kang 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; Source Info: 7/12/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 2, p218; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: VAPOR pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771810
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13719773&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jasinski, J.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Lu, H.
AU  - Schaff, W. J.
T1  - V-shaped inversion domains in InN grown on c-plane sapphire.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 235
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Inversion domains with a V shape were found to nucleate inside a Mg-doped InN heteroepitaxial layer. They resemble Al-polarity domains, observed recently, in N-polarity AlN films. However, the angle between the sidewalls of the V-shaped domain and the c axis differs in these two cases. In InN, this angle is almost two times bigger than that reported for AlN. The origin of V-shaped inversion domains in InN film is not yet clear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
KW  - ELECTRONIC instruments
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13719740; Jasinski, J. 1,2; Email Address: jbjansinski@lbl.gov Liliental-Weber, Z. 1 Lu, H. 3 Schaff, W. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California  2: University of California, Merced, CA  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Source Info: 7/12/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 2, p233; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beam epitaxy; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1772863
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13719740&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Vlasko-Vlasov, V. K.
AU  - Menzel, A.
AU  - You, H. D.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Furdyna, J. K.
AU  - Wojtowicz, T.
T1  - Uniaxial in-plane magnetic anisotropy of Ga1-xMnxAs.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 260
EP  - 262
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The anisotropic magnetic properties of a series of epitaxial Ga1-xMnxAs films with thicknesses ranging from 0.2 to 6.8 μm were investigated using magnetometry and x-ray diffraction. The films all show a distinct uniaxial contribution to the magnetic anisotropy along the in-plane [110] direction, whose relative importance increases with the temperature. The uniaxial anisotropy field is found to be essentially thickness independent, ruling out the possibility that this is an effect produced by a single surface or interface due to well-known surface reconstruction. Furthermore, even the very thick samples are found to be tetragonal and coherently strained to the GaAs substrate. Our results suggest that the uniaxial anisotropy arises from surface reconstruction induced preferential Mn incorporation occurring at every step of layer-by-layer growth and thus uniformly penetrates the entire sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
N1  - Accession Number: 13719781; Welp, U. 1; Email Address: welp@anl.gov Vlasko-Vlasov, V. K. 1 Menzel, A. 1 You, H. D. 1 Liu, X. 2 Furdyna, J. K. 2 Wojtowicz, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Indiana  3: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Indiana and Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland; Source Info: 7/12/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 2, p260; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771801
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13719781&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsui, S.
AU  - Baikalov, A.
AU  - Cmaidalka, J.
AU  - Sun, Y. Y.
AU  - Wang, Y. Q.
AU  - Xue, Y. Y.
AU  - Chu, C. W.
AU  - Chen, L.
AU  - Jacobson, A. J.
T1  - Field-induced resistive switching in metal-oxide interfaces.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 85
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
EP  - 319
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We investigate the polarity-dependent field-induced resistive switching phenomenon driven by electric pulses in perovskite oxides. Our data show that the switching is a common occurrence restricted to an interfacial layer between a deposited metal electrode and the oxide. We determine through impedance spectroscopy that the interfacial layer is no thicker than 10 nm and that the switch is accompanied by a small capacitance increase associated with charge accumulation. Based on interfacial I–V characterization and measurement of the temperature dependence of the resistance, we propose that a field-created crystalline defect mechanism, which is controllable for devices, drives the switch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - SWITCHING circuits
KW  - SWITCHING theory
KW  - IMPEDANCE spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13719777; Tsui, S. 1 Baikalov, A. 1 Cmaidalka, J. 1 Sun, Y. Y. 1 Wang, Y. Q. 1 Xue, Y. Y. 1 Chu, C. W. 2; Email Address: cwchu@uh.edu Chen, L. 3 Jacobson, A. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity and Advanced Materials, University of Houston, Houston, Texas  2: Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity and Advanced Materials, University of Houston, 202 Houston Science Center, Houston, Texas, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 136 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas; Source Info: 7/12/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 2, p317; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: SWITCHING circuits; Subject Term: SWITCHING theory; Subject Term: IMPEDANCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768305
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13719777&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
AU  - Manson, Jamie L.
AU  - Hyzer, Kylee A.
AU  - Geiser, Urs
T1  - Spin Canting in the 3D Anionic Dicyanamide Structure (SPh3)Mn(dca)3 (Ph = Phenyl, dca = Dicyanamide).
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 43
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4100
EP  - 4102
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Through use of the SPh3+ (Ph = phenyl, C6H5) cation as a molecular template, a new three-dimensional Mn(dca)3- [dca = dicyanamide, N(CN)2-] anionic structure has been crystallized. At room temperature, (SPh3)Mn(dca)3 (1) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with a -- 11.7079(5) Å, b = 12.8554(5) Å, c = 16.8605(6) Å, β -- 100.666(2)°, and V= 2493.8(3) ų. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that this salt exhibits a spin canted long range antiferromagnetically ordered ground state below 2.5 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - CHEMICAL templates
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 13970104; Schlueter, John A. 1; Email Address: JASchlueter@anl.gov Manson, Jamie L. 2 Hyzer, Kylee A. 1 Geiser, Urs 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington 99004; Source Info: 7/12/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 14, p4100; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL templates; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic035398p
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lemma, Kelemu
AU  - Bakac, Andreja
T1  - Reduction and Oxidation of Hydroperoxo Rhodium(III) Complexes by Halides and Hypobromous Acid.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 43
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4505
EP  - 4510
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Oxygen atom transfer from trans-L(H2O)RhOOH2+ {L = [14]aneN4 (L¹), mesoMe6[14]aneN4 (L&sup2), and NH3;)4} to iodide takes place according to the rate law -d[L(H2O)RhOOH2+]/dt= kI[L(H2O)RhOOH2+][-][H+]. At 0.10 M ionic strength and 25 °C, the rate constant kI/M-2 S-1 has values of 8.8 x 10³ [L = (NH3)4], 536 (L¹), and 530 (L²). The final products are LRh(H2O)23+ and I2/I3-. The (NH3)4(H2O)RhOOH2+/Br- reaction also exhibits mixed third-order kinetics with kBr ≈ 1.8 M-2 s-1 at high concentrations of acid (close to 1 M) and bromide (close to 0.1 M) and an ionic strength of 1.0 M. Under these conditions, Br2/Br3- is produced in stoichiometric amounts. As the concentrations of acid and bromide decrease, the reaction begins to generate O2 at the expense of Br2, until the limit at which IH+] ≤ 0.10 M and [Br-] ≤ 0.010 M, when Br2/Br3- is no longer observed and O2 is produced quantitatively. At this limit, the loss of (NH3)4(H2O)RhOOH2+ is about twice as fast as it is at the high [H+] and [Br-] extreme, and the stoichiometry is 2(NH3)4(H2O)RhOOH2+ → 2(NH3)4(H2O)RhOH2+ + O2; i.e., the reaction has turned into the bromidecatalyzed disproportionation of coordinated hydroperoxide. In the proposed mechanism, the hydrolysis of the initially formed Br2 produces HOBr, the active oxidant for the second equivalent of (NH3)4(H2O)RhOOH2+. The rate constant kHOBr for the HOBr/(NH3)4(H2O)RhOOH2+ reaction is 2.9 x 108 M-1 s-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - HALIDES
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13970154; Lemma, Kelemu 1 Bakac, Andreja 1; Email Address: bakac@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 7/12/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 14, p4505; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: HALIDES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic049819u
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13970154&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stracher, Glenn B.
AU  - Taylor, Tammy P.
T1  - Coal fires burning out of control around the world: thermodynamic recipe for environmental catastrophe
JO  - International Journal of Coal Geology
JF  - International Journal of Coal Geology
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 59
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 17
SN  - 01665162
AB  - Coal fires burning around the world are an environmental catastrophe characterized by the emission of noxious gases, particulate matter, and condensation by-products. Underground mine fires and burning culm banks ignited by natural causes or human error are responsible for atmospheric pollution, acid rain, perilous land subsidence, the destruction of floral and faunal habitats, human fatalities, and increased coronary and respiratory diseases. Some of the oldest and largest coal fires in the world occur in China, the United States, and India. Techniques used to fight coal fires include slurry and ash injection, surface and tunnel sealing, aqueous foam technology, remote sensing, and computer software. Elusive, unpredictable, or cost prohibitive coal fires may burn indefinitely, choking the life out of a community and its environs while consuming a valuable natural resource. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Coal Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - ACID rain
KW  - RESPIRATORY diseases
KW  - Acid rain
KW  - Coal fires
KW  - Coal gas
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Spontaneous combustion
KW  - Subsidence
N1  - Accession Number: 13470117; Stracher, Glenn B. 1; Email Address: stracher@ega.edu Taylor, Tammy P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Science and Mathematics, East Georgia College, University System of Georgia, Swainsboro, GA 30401, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 59 Issue 1/2, p7; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: ACID rain; Subject Term: RESPIRATORY diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid rain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coal fires; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coal gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spontaneous combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subsidence; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.coal.2003.03.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Ann G.
T1  - Locating fires in abandoned underground coal mines
JO  - International Journal of Coal Geology
JF  - International Journal of Coal Geology
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 59
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 62
SN  - 01665162
AB  - A Mine Fire Diagnostic (MFD) Methodology was developed to determine the location and extent of combustion zones in abandoned underground coal mines. In this method, a characteristic fire signature is based on the ratio of higher molecular weight hydrocarbon gases (C2 to C5) to total hydrocarbon gas. Initially, gas samples are obtained at the bottom of boreholes under baseline or static conditions. A second set of samples is obtained when a suction fan is used to influence the direction of gas movement. Pressure data define the degree of communication between boreholes. The value of the diagnostic ratio under communication conditions is taken as a measure of subsurface fire activity related to a particular flow direction. Using a Venn diagram technique, the results are mapped as quadrants on a borehole map of the site. Repetition of the communication tests provides overlapping quadrants that define hot, cold, and indeterminate areas. The MFD has been used to distinguish hearted and cold subsurface areas at four mine fire sites. At each of the sites, the extent of the fire could not be inferred from surface evidence, and the location of combustion zones had a significant impact on plans to control the fire. Although the method is labor intensive and requires drilling cased boreholes, it is relatively simple and provides information that cannot be obtained by other methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Coal Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COAL mines & mining
KW  - VENN diagrams
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - MINES & mineral resources
KW  - Abandoned coal mines
KW  - Hydrocarbon desorption
KW  - Mine fires
KW  - Underground fires
N1  - Accession Number: 13470120; Kim, Ann G. 1; Email Address: akim@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 59 Issue 1/2, p49; Subject Term: COAL mines & mining; Subject Term: VENN diagrams; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: MINES & mineral resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abandoned coal mines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrocarbon desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mine fires; Author-Supplied Keyword: Underground fires; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 213113 Support Activities for Coal Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.coal.2003.11.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13470120&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Ann G.
T1  - Cryogenic injection to control a coal waste bank fire
JO  - International Journal of Coal Geology
JF  - International Journal of Coal Geology
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 59
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 73
SN  - 01665162
AB  - Cryogenic injection, a heat transfer method for extinguishing a subsurface fire, was tested at a bituminous coal waste bank in Midvale, OH. A slurry composed of CO2 particles in liquid N2 at a temperature of -180 °C, when injected into heated zones, absorbs heat. Conversion of the slurry to a gas creates a cold pressure front that forces heated combustion gases out of the bank. The waste bank had been burning for approximately 30 years. The 5000-m2 (1.2 acre) site was characterized by a three-dimensional array of temperature measuring points. Temperatures were measured over a 30-month period, before during and after two tests of cryogenic injection. The amount of cryogenic slurry injected was insufficient to completely extinguish the fire, but evaluation of the temperature profiles indicated that it had cooled localized hot spots and promoted ambient cooling of the more widely disbursed heated areas within the bank. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Coal Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - COAL
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Coal waste bank
KW  - Cryogenics
KW  - Liquid nitrogen
KW  - Subsurface fire
N1  - Accession Number: 13470121; Kim, Ann G. 1; Email Address: akim@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 59 Issue 1/2, p63; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coal waste bank; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryogenics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid nitrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Subsurface fire; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.coal.2003.08.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13470121&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Richards, Geo. A.
AU  - Berry, David A.
AU  - Freed, Adam
T1  - Analysis of a heat recirculating cooler for fuel gas sulfur removal in solid oxide fuel cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 134
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 56
SN  - 03787753
AB  - When using conventional fossil fuels, most fuel cell systems require sulfur removal as part of their fuel processing. A novel approach to enable conventional sulfur removal in high-temperature fuel processing is presented. Using established principles from heat-recirculating combustors, it is suggested that high-temperature syngas can be momentarily cooled to conditions that would permit conventional sulfur removal to be carried out at relatively low temperatures. The recirculated heat is then used to heat the gas back to conditions that are minimally less than the original temperature. A model for evaluating the performance of this concept is presented, and calculations suggest that relative to fuel cell applications, reasonable physical dimensions can be expected in actual applications. For high-pressure syngas (i.e., coal gasification), the physical dimensions will rise with the operating pressure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - COAL
KW  - FOSSIL fuel power plants
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Fuel gas
KW  - Fuel processing
KW  - Heat recirculation
KW  - Reforming
KW  - Sulfur removal
N1  - Accession Number: 13563249; Richards, Geo. A. 1; Email Address: george.richards@netl.doe.gov Berry, David A. 1 Freed, Adam 2; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA  2: REM Engineering Services, PLLC, 3537 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 134 Issue 1, p49; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuel power plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat recirculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur removal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaghib, K.
AU  - Charest, P.
AU  - Guerfi, A.
AU  - Shim, J.
AU  - Perrier, M.
AU  - Striebel, K.
T1  - Safe Li-ion polymer batteries for HEV applications
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/07/12/
VL  - 134
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 124
EP  - 129
SN  - 03787753
AB  - The performance of natural graphite/PEO-based gel electrolyte/LiFePO4 cells (5 mAh, 4 cm2) is reported. The gel polymer electrolytes were produced by electron-beam irradiation and then soaked in a liquid electrolyte. The natural graphite anode in gel electrolyte containing lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI)-EC + PC + DMC exhibited high reversible capacity (360 mAh/g) and high coulombic efficiency (91.6%). The LiFePO4 cathode in the same gel polymer exhibited a reversible capacity of 160 mAh/g and 92% coulombic efficiency. Better performance was obtained at high-rate discharge with 6% carbon additive (carbon and graphite) in the cathode. The Li-ion gel polymer battery shows a very low capacity fade of 1% after 100 cycles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Gel electrolyte
KW  - Graphite
KW  - Li-ion battery
KW  - LiFePO4
KW  - LiFSI
KW  - Natural
KW  - Polymer
N1  - Accession Number: 13563258; Zaghib, K. 1; Email Address: karimz@ireq.ca Charest, P. 1 Guerfi, A. 1 Shim, J. 2 Perrier, M. 1 Striebel, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec, 1800 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Que., Canada J3X 1S1  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 134 Issue 1, p124; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gel electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiFePO4; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiFSI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.02.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heilmann, Ingo
AU  - Pidkowich, Mark S.
AU  - Girke, Thomas
AU  - Shanklin, John
T1  - Switching desaturase enzyme specificity by alternate subcellular targeting.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/07/13/
VL  - 101
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 10266
EP  - 10271
SN  - 00278424
AB  - The functionality, substrate specificity, and regiospecificity of enzymes typically evolve by the accumulation of mutations in the catalytic portion of the enzyme until new properties arise. However, emerging evidence suggests enzyme functionality can also be influenced by metabolic context. When the plastidial Arabidopsis 16:0Δ7 desaturase FADS (ADS3) was retargeted to the cytoplasm, regiospecificity shifted 70-fold, Δ7 to Δ7. Conversely, retargeting of two related cytoplasmic 16:0Δ9Arabidopsis desaturases (ADS1 and ADS2) to the plastid, shifted regiospecificity &ap;25-fold, Δ7 to Δ9. All three desaturases exhibited Δ9 regiospecificity when expressed in yeast, with desaturated products found predominantly on phosphatidylcholine. Coexpression of each enzyme with cucumber monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) synthase in yeast conferred Δ7 desaturation, with 16:1Δ7 accumulating specifically on the plastidial lipid MGDG. Positional analysis is consistent with ADS desaturation of 16:0 on MGDG. The lipid headgroup acts as a molecular switch for desaturase regiospecificity. FAD5 Δ7 regio-specificity is thus attributable to plastidial retargeting of the enzyme by addition of a transit peptide to a cytoplasmic Δ9 desaturase rather than the numerous sequence differences within the catalytic portion of ADS enzymes. The MGDG-dependent desaturase activity enabled plants to synthesize 16:1Δ7 and its abundant metabolite, 16:3Δ7,10,13. Bioinformatics analysis of the Arabidopsis genome identified 239 protein families that contain members predicted to reside in different subcellular compartments, suggesting alternative targeting is widespread. Alternative targeting of bifunctional or multifunctional enzymes can exploit eukaryotic subcellular organization to create metabolic diversity by permitting isozymes to interact with different substrates and thus create different products in alternate compartments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - ARABIDOPSIS
KW  - CYTOPLASM
KW  - PLASTIDS
KW  - YEAST
N1  - Accession Number: 13964736; Heilmann, Ingo 1 Pidkowich, Mark S. 1 Girke, Thomas 2 Shanklin, John 1,2; Email Address: shanklin@bnl.gov.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521; Source Info: 7/13/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 28, p10266; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: ARABIDOPSIS; Subject Term: CYTOPLASM; Subject Term: PLASTIDS; Subject Term: YEAST; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.04022001 01
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, G.K.
AU  - Chen, X.Y.
AU  - Edelstein, N.M.
AU  - Reid, M.F.
AU  - Huang, J.
T1  - Analysis of f-element multiphonon vibronic spectra
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/07/14/
VL  - 374
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 240
EP  - 244
SN  - 09258388
AB  - Theoretical modeling of multi-phonon vibronic spectra is presented based on the Huang–Rhys theory of ion–phonon interaction in a single-mode lattice. The single-mode spectral function is modified for applications to vibronic spectra involving multiple vibrational modes. It is shown that, for lanthanide and actinide ions in crystals, f–d electronic transitions exhibit two types of vibronic couplings. One type of vibronic coupling to local and pseudo-local modes obeys Frank–Condon selection rules and has a sharp line width, whereas in the second type of vibronic coupling electronic transitions couple to lattice modes in which selectivity is absent, thus forming a broad vibronic band. The model calculation reproduces very well the experimental spectra of 5f–6d transitions of Pa4+ in Cs2ZrCl6 and 4f–5d transitions of Ce3+ in Cs2NaYCl6. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - IONS
KW  - Ce3+ in Cs2NaYCl6
KW  - f–d transition
KW  - Ion–phonon interaction
KW  - Pa4+ in Cs2ZrCl6
KW  - Vibronic transition
N1  - Accession Number: 13291875; Liu, G.K. 1; Email Address: gkliu@anl.gov Chen, X.Y. 1 Edelstein, N.M. 2 Reid, M.F. 3 Huang, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, WI 54702, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 374 Issue 1/2, p240; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ce3+ in Cs2NaYCl6; Author-Supplied Keyword: f–d transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion–phonon interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pa4+ in Cs2ZrCl6; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibronic transition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.11.109
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13291875&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hay, Benjamin P.
AU  - Firman, Timothy K.
AU  - Lumetta, Gregg J.
AU  - Rapko, Brian M.
AU  - Garza, Priscilla A.
AU  - Sinkov, Sergei I.
AU  - Hutchison, James E.
AU  - Parks, Bevin W.
AU  - Gilbertson, Robert D.
AU  - Weakley, Timothy J.R.
T1  - Toward the computer-aided design of metal ion sequestering agents
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/07/14/
VL  - 374
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 416
EP  - 419
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The concepts embodied in de novo structure-based drug design are being adapted for the computer-aided design of metal ion sequestering agents. This adaptation requires the development of methods for (i) generating candidate structures and (ii) evaluating and prioritizing these structures with respect to their binding affinity for a specific guest. This article summarizes recent progress in this area that includes the creation of a new computer software program, called HostDesigner, that can generate and evaluate millions of new molecular structures per minute on a desktop personal computer. Several methods for evaluating the degree of binding site organization in a host structure are presented. An example is provided to demonstrate how these methods have been used to identify ligand architectures that provide enhanced metal ion binding affinity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - IONS
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - Chelate
KW  - Computer-aided design
KW  - Ligand
KW  - Metal ion
KW  - Molecular modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 13291914; Hay, Benjamin P. 1; Email Address: ben.hay@pnl.gov Firman, Timothy K. 1 Lumetta, Gregg J. 1 Rapko, Brian M. 1 Garza, Priscilla A. 1 Sinkov, Sergei I. 1 Hutchison, James E. 2 Parks, Bevin W. 2 Gilbertson, Robert D. 2 Weakley, Timothy J.R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mail Stop, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 374 Issue 1/2, p416; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chelate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer-aided design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ligand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.11.049
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhai, Hua-Jin
AU  - Yang, Xin
AU  - Ri, You-Jun
AU  - Wang, Xue-Bin
AU  - Wang, Lal-Sheng
T1  - Sequential Oxidation of the Cubane [4Fe -4S] Cluster from [4Fe-4S] to (4Fe-4S]&sup3+; in Fe4S4Ln Complexes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/07/14/
VL  - 126
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 8413
EP  - 8420
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Gaseous Fe4Sn (n = 4-6) clusters and synthetic analogue complexes, Fe4S4Ln- (L = Cl, Br, I; n = 1-4), were produced by laser vaporization of a solid Fe/S target and electrospray from solution samples, respectively, and their electronic structures were probed by photoelectron spectroscopy. Low binding energy features derived from minority-spin Fe 3d electrons were clearly distinguished from S-derived bands. We showed that the electronic structure of the simplest Fe4S4- cubane cluster can be described by the two-layer spin-coupling model previously developed for the [4Fe] cubane analogues. The photoelectron data revealed that each extra S atom in Fe4S5 and Fe4S6 removes two minority-spin Fe 3d electrons from the [4Fe-4S] cubane core and each halogen ligand removes one Fe 3d electron from the cubane core in the Fe4S4Ln- complexes, clearly revealing a behavior of sequential oxidation of the cubane over five formal oxidation states: [4Fe-4S]- →[4Fe-4S]° → [4Fe-4S]+ → [4Fe-4S]2+. [4Fe-4S]3+. The current work shows the electron-storage capability of the [4Fe-4S] cubane, contributes to the understanding of its electronic structure, and further demonstrates the robustness of the cubane as a structural unit and electron-transfer center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14011427; Zhai, Hua-Jin 1 Yang, Xin 1 Ri, You-Jun 1 Wang, Xue-Bin 1 Wang, Lal-Sheng 2; Email Address: Is.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richard, Washington 99352  2: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richiand, Washington 99352; Source Info: 7/14/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 27, p8413; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: BINDING energy; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Jie
AU  - Cisar, Justin S.
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
T1  - Functional Self-Assembling Bolaamphiphilic Polydiacetylenes as Colorimetric Sensor Scaffolds.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/07/14/
VL  - 126
IS  - 27
M3  - Article
SP  - 8459
EP  - 8465
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Conjugated polymers capable of responding to external stimuli by changes in optical, electrical, or electrochemical properties can be used for the construction of direct sensing devices. Polydiacetylene-based systems are attractive for sensing applications due to their colorimetric response to changes in the local environment. Here we present the design, preparation, and characterization of self-assembling functional bolaamphiphilic polydiacetylenes (SPDAs) inspired by nature's strategy for membrane stabilization. We show that by placing polar headgroups on both ends of the diacetylene lipids in a transmembranic fashion and by altering the chemical nature of the polar surface residues, the conjugated polymers can be engineered to display a range of radiation-, thermal-, and pH-induced colorimetric responses. We observed dramatic nanoscopic morphological transformations accompanying charge-induced chromatic transitions, suggesting that both side-chain disordering and main-chain rearrangement play important roles in altering the effective conjugation lengths of the poly(ene-yne). These results establish the foundation for further development of BPDA-based colorimetric sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - ACETYLENE
KW  - COLORIMETRY
KW  - POLYENES
N1  - Accession Number: 14011433; Song, Jie 1; Email Address: jsong@lbl.gov Cisar, Justin S. 1 Bertozzi, Carolyn R. 2,3; Email Address: crb@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Departments of Chemistry and Molecular, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 7/14/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 27, p8459; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: ACETYLENE; Subject Term: COLORIMETRY; Subject Term: POLYENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keller, Charles F.
T1  - 1000 Years of climate change
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
SN  - 02731177
AB  - The magnitude of solar forcing varies with the amount of solar activity. In addition to the 10–12 year variations, solar activity varies over centennial and millenial periods. During the past 1000 years, of particular interest were the Medieval Warming Period (high solar activity), the Maunder Minimum, (minimal solar activity) and the sharp multi-decadal increase in solar maxima during the first half of the 20th Century. Satellite observations of solar irradiance for the past two decades have allowed calibration of variations in solar activity proxies. A number of attempts at reconstructing past climate variations via these proxies has shown that direct (irradiance) solar forcing can explain observed northern hemisphere temperatures from 1000 to 1900, but fails to account for most of the observed warming in the past 100 years, especially after 1975. Because solar direct forcing is able to account for climate changes prior to 1900, indirect solar forcing effects seem to be small, but merit continued study especially until both paleo-temperatures and magnitude of forcings are known more precisely. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cycle
KW  - SOLAR activity
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - 1000 Years of climate change
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Solar activity
KW  - Solar forcing
N1  - Accession Number: 13590439; Keller, Charles F. 1; Email Address: cfk@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS C305, The Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p315; Subject Term: SOLAR cycle; Subject Term: SOLAR activity; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1000 Years of climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar activity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar forcing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2004.01.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Egorov, Olog B.
AU  - O'hara, Matthew J.
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
T1  - Microwave-Assisted Sample Treatment in a Fully Automated Flow-Based instrument: Oxidation of Reduced Technetium Species in the Analysis of Total Technetium-99 in Caustic Aged Nuclear Waste Samples.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3869
EP  - 3877
SN  - 00032700
AB  - An automated flow-based instrument for microwave-assisted treatment of liquid samples has been developed and characterized. The instrument utilizes a flow-through reaction vessel design that facilitates the addition of multiple reagents during sample treatment and removal of the gaseous reaction products and enables quantitative removal of liquids from the reaction vessel for carryover- free operations. Matrix modification and speciation control chemistries that are required for the radiochemical determination of total 99Tc in caustic aged nuclear waste samples have been investigated. A rapid and quantitative oxidation procedure using peroxydisulfate in acidic solution was developed to convert reduced technetium species to pertechnetate in samples with high content of reducing organics. The effectiveness of the automated sample treatment procedures has been validated in the radiochemical analysis of total 99Tc in caustic aged nuclear waste matrixes from the Hanford site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TECHNETIUM
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - RADIOCHEMICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14011463; Egorov, Olog B. 1; Email Address: oleg.egorov@pnl.gov O'hara, Matthew J. 1 Grate, Jay W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Microsensors and Microfluidics Group, Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Rich/and, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 14, p3869; Subject Term: TECHNETIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: RADIOCHEMICAL analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hilder, Emily F.
AU  - Svec, Frantisek
AU  - Fréchet, Jean M. J.
T1  - Shielded Stationary Phases Based on Porous Polymer Monoliths for the Capillary Electrochromatography of Highly Basic Biomolecules.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3887
EP  - 3892
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A novel stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography has been prepared via photoinitiated grafting of two layers of polymer chains onto the pore surface of a porous polymer monolith. To achieve the desired retention, the original monolith with optimized porous properties was grafted with an "interior" layer consisting of the ionizable monomer, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic add, followed by a "covering" layer of hydrophobic polymer chains. This technique affords monolithic CEC columns that facilitate electroosmotic flow (EOF) while preventing ionized analytes from interacting with the charged surface functionalities. Grafting of the second layer does not adversely affect the EOF. Grafting times of 30 and 60s for AMPS and butyl acrylate, respectively, enabled the preparation of a monolith with full shielding of the analytes from the ionizable functionalities and excellent chromatographic performance. This approach allows for the first dine the independent optimization of both electroosmotic flow and retention properties in CEC columns. The efficient isocratic separations of mixtures of peptides, including some that are highly basic and would be affected by unshielded charges, were routinely achieved in 40-90s using a simple MS compatible mobile phase consisting of 20 mmol/L ammonium acetate in a 1:1 water-acetonitrile mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - PROPANE
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ACETATES
N1  - Accession Number: 14011465; Hilder, Emily F. 1 Svec, Frantisek 1,2 Fréchet, Jean M. J. 1,2; Email Address: frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460.; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 14, p3887; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: PROPANE; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ACETATES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fixe, F.
AU  - Branz, H.M.
AU  - Louro, N.
AU  - Chu, V.
AU  - Prazeres, D.M.F.
AU  - Conde, J.P.
T1  - Immobilization and hybridization by single sub-millisecond electric field pulses, for pixel-addressed DNA microarrays
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 19
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1591
EP  - 1597
SN  - 09565663
AB  - Single square voltage pulses applied to buried electrodes result in dramatic rate increases for (1) selective covalent bonding (immobilization) of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes to a functionalized thin film SiO2 surface on a plastic substrate and (2) hybridization of ssDNA to the immobilized probe. DNA immobilization and hybridization times are 100 ns and 10 μs, respectively, about 109 times faster than the corresponding passive reactions without electric field. Surface coverage is comparable. Duration, magnitude and slew rate of the voltage pulse are all key factors controlling the rates of ssDNA immobilization and hybridization. With rise times of 4.5 ns, pulses shorter than 1 ms and voltages below 1 V are effective. The ssDNA adsorbed on the surface is reoriented by the rapidly changing electric field. This reduces steric barriers and speeds the immobilization and hybridization reactions. These results open the way for pixel-addressed microarrays driven by silicon microelectronics circuits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - THIN films
KW  - GENES
KW  - Chip
KW  - DNA
KW  - Electric field
KW  - Hybridization
KW  - Immobilization
KW  - Microarray
KW  - Pulsed
KW  - Rate
KW  - Voltage
N1  - Accession Number: 13113398; Fixe, F. 1,2; Email Address: ffixe@inesc-mn.pt Branz, H.M. 1,3 Louro, N. 1 Chu, V. 1 Prazeres, D.M.F. 2 Conde, J.P. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC-MN), Rua Alves Redol, 9, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal  2: Center for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Avenue Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA  4: Department of Materials Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Avenue Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p1591; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: GENES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chip; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybridization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immobilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microarray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voltage; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bios.2003.12.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bandey, Helen L.
AU  - Cernosek, Richard W.
AU  - Lee III, William E.
AU  - Ondrovic, Leo E.
T1  - Blood rheological characterization using the thickness-shear mode resonator
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 19
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1657
EP  - 1665
SN  - 09565663
AB  - Thickness-shear mode (TSM) resonators have been used to characterize static rheological properties of plasma and whole blood samples. We demonstrated simple and rapid techniques for determining plasma viscosity without cell separation, for measuring erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and for tracking blood coagulation throughout the entire process. Additionally, mathematical models, previously developed to characterize surface-loaded resonators, were used to extract non-Newtonian and viscoelastic material properties of blood layers during sedimentation and coagulation experiments. These studies indicate the utility of the TSM resonator for several clinical applications. Because the resonators can be miniaturized, potential exists for extending the techniques for use inside the body or blood stream (in vivo). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLOOD
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - ANTICOAGULANTS (Medicine)
KW  - VISCOELASTIC materials
KW  - Blood
KW  - Rheological characterization
KW  - Thickness-shear mode resonator
N1  - Accession Number: 13113408; Bandey, Helen L. 1 Cernosek, Richard W. 1; Email Address: rwcerno@sandia.gov Lee III, William E. 2 Ondrovic, Leo E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Microsensor Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1425, USA  2: Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p1657; Subject Term: BLOOD; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: ANTICOAGULANTS (Medicine); Subject Term: VISCOELASTIC materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blood; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheological characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thickness-shear mode resonator; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bios.2004.01.001
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sathaye, Jayant
AU  - Murtishaw, Scott
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Lefranc, Maurice
AU  - Roy, Joyashree
AU  - Winkler, Harald
AU  - Spalding-Fecher, Randall
T1  - Multiproject baselines for evaluation of electric power projects
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1303
SN  - 03014215
AB  - Calculating greenhouse gas emissions reductions from climate change mitigation projects requires construction of a baseline that sets emissions levels that would have occurred without the project. This paper describes a standardized multiproject methodology for setting baselines, represented by the emissions rate (kg C/kWh), for electric power projects. A standardized methodology would reduce the transaction costs of projects. The most challenging aspect of setting multiproject emissions rates is determining the vintage and types of plants to include in the baseline and the stringency of the emissions rates to be considered, in order to balance the desire to encourage no- or low-carbon projects while maintaining environmental integrity. The criteria for selecting power plants to include in the baseline depend on characteristics of both the project and the electricity grid it serves. Two case studies illustrate the application of these concepts to the electric power grids in eastern India and South Africa. We use hypothetical, but realistic, climate change projects in each country to illustrate the use of the multiproject methodology, and note the further research required to fully understand the implications of the various choices in constructing and using these baselines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Electric power production
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Transaction costs
KW  - Electric power GHG mitigation projects
KW  - Marginal emissions rates
KW  - Multiproject baselines
N1  - Accession Number: 12244904; Sathaye, Jayant 1; Email Address: jasathaye@lbl.gov; Murtishaw, Scott 1; Email Address: sgmurtishaw@lbl.gov; Price, Lynn 1; Lefranc, Maurice 2; Roy, Joyashree 3; Winkler, Harald 4; Spalding-Fecher, Randall 4; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, BLDG90R4000/1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Office of Atmospheric Programs, US Environmental Protection Agency, 633 Third St., NW Room 7111, Washington, DC 20460, USA; 3: Department of Economics, Jadavpur University, Calcutta 700032, India; 4: Energy Development and Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 32 Issue 11, p1303; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Electric power production; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Subject Term: Transaction costs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electric power GHG mitigation projects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Marginal emissions rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiproject baselines; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00098-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinn, Brendan
AU  - Meigs, Lucy C.
AU  - Harvey, Charles F.
AU  - Haggerty, Roy
AU  - Peplinski, William J.
AU  - Von Schwerin, Claudius Freiheirr
T1  - Experimental Visualization of Solute Transport and Mass Transfer Processes in Two-Dimensional Conductivity Fields with Connected Regions of High Conductivity.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3916
EP  - 3926
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Solute transport displaying mass transfer behavior (i.e., tailing) occurs in many aquifers and soils. Spatial patterns of hydraulic conductivity may play a role because of both advection and diffusion through isolated low conductivity areas. We demonstrated such processes in laboratory experiments designed to visualize solute transport through a thin chamber (40 cm × 20 cm × 0.64 cm thick) packed with glass beads and containing circular emplacements of smaller glass beads with lower conductivity. The experiments used three different contrasts of conductivity between the large-bead matrix and the emplacements, targeting three different regimes of solute transport: low contrast, targeting macrodispersion; intermediate contrast, targeting advection-dominated mass transfer between the high-conductivity regions and the emplacements; and high contrast, targeting diffusion-dominated mass transfer. Use of a strong light source, a high-resolution CCD camera, and a colorimetric dye produced images with a spatial resolution of about 400 μm and a concentration range of approximately 2 orders of magnitude. These images confirm the existence of the three different regimes, and we observed tailing driven by both advection and diffusion. Outflow concentration measured by spectrophotometer achieved 3 orders of magnitude in concentration range and showed good agreement with known models in the case of dispersion and diffusive mass transfer, with estimated parameters close to a priori predictions. Existing models for diffusive mass transfer did not fit the breakthrough curves from the intermediate-contrast chamber, but a model of slow advection through cylinders did. Thus, both breakthrough curves and chamber images confirm that different contrasts in small-scale K lead to different regimes of solute transport and thus require different models of upscaled soulte transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Electric conductivity
KW  - Spectrophotometers
KW  - Cylinders (Engines)
KW  - Spectroscope
N1  - Accession Number: 13997105; Zinn, Brendan 1; Meigs, Lucy C. 2; Harvey, Charles F. 1; Email Address: charvey@mit.edu.; Haggerty, Roy 3; Peplinski, William J. 1; Von Schwerin, Claudius Freiheirr 2; Affiliations: 1: Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; 2: Flow Visualization Laboratory, Geohydrology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; 3: Department of Geosciences, 104 Wilkinson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331; Issue Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 14, p3916; Thesaurus Term: Thermodynamics; Subject Term: Mass transfer; Subject Term: Electric conductivity; Subject Term: Spectrophotometers; Subject Term: Cylinders (Engines); Subject Term: Spectroscope; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mezyk, Stephen P.
AU  - Jones, Jace
AU  - Cooper, William J.
AU  - Tobien, Thomas
AU  - Nickelsen, Michael G.
AU  - Adams, J. Wesley
AU  - O'Shea, Kevin E.
AU  - Bartels, David M.
AU  - Wishart, James F.
AU  - Tornatore, Paul M.
AU  - Newman, Kimberley S.
AU  - Gregoire, Kellie
AU  - Waidman, Daniel J.
T1  - Radiation Chemistry of Methyl tert-Butyl Ether in Aqueous Solution.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3994
EP  - 4001
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The chemical kinetics of the free-radical-induced degradation of the gasoline oxygenate methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in water have been investigated. Rate constants for the reaction of MTBE with the hydroxyl radical, hydrated electron, and hydrogen atom were determined in aqueous solution at room temperature, using electron pulse radiolysis and absorption spectroscopy (•OH and e-aq) and EPR free induction decay attenuation (•H)measurements. The rate constant for hydroxyl radical reaction of (1.71 ± 0.02) × 109 M-1 s-1 showed that the oxidative process was the dominant pathway, relative to MTBE reaction with hydrogen atoms, (3.49 ± 0.06) × 106 M-1 s-1, or hydrated electrons, < 8.0 × 106 M-1 s-1. The hydroxyl radical reaction gives a transient carbon-centered radical which subsequently reacts with dissolved oxygen to form peroxyl radicals, the rate constant for this reaction was (2.17 ± 0.06) × 109 M-1 s-1. The second-order decay of the MTBE peroxyl radical was 2k = (6.0 ± 0.3) × 108 M-1 s-1. These rate constants, along with preliminary MTBE degradation product distribution measurements, were incorporated into a kinetic model that compared the predicted MTBE removal from water against experimental measurements performed under large-scale electron beam treatment conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water -- Composition
KW  - Water -- Dissolved oxygen
KW  - Petroleum products
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Chemistry
KW  - Electron beams
N1  - Accession Number: 13997115; Mezyk, Stephen P. 1; Email Address: Smezyk@csulb.edu.; Jones, Jace 2; Cooper, William J. 2; Tobien, Thomas 2; Nickelsen, Michael G. 2; Adams, J. Wesley 2; O'Shea, Kevin E. 3; Bartels, David M. 4; Wishart, James F. 5; Tornatore, Paul M. 6; Newman, Kimberley S. 6; Gregoire, Kellie 6; Waidman, Daniel J. 7; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University at Long Beach, 1250 Beilfiower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840.; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403.; 3: Department of Chemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199; 4: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; 5: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; 6: Haley and Aldrich of New York, 200 Town Centre Drive, Suite 2, Rochester, New York 14623; 7: Science Research Laboratory, Inc., 15 Ward Street, Somerville, Massachusetts 02143; Issue Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 14, p3994; Thesaurus Term: Water -- Composition; Thesaurus Term: Water -- Dissolved oxygen; Thesaurus Term: Petroleum products; Thesaurus Term: Oxygen; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Chemistry; Subject Term: Electron beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486910 Pipeline Transportation of Refined Petroleum Products; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stewart, James R.
AU  - Edwards, H. Carter
T1  - A framework approach for developing parallel adaptive multiphysics applications
JO  - Finite Elements in Analysis & Design
JF  - Finite Elements in Analysis & Design
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 40
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1599
EP  - 1617
SN  - 0168874X
AB  - This paper presents the concept of using a computational framework for enabling rapid development of parallel adaptive multiphysics application codes. A computational framework supplies a software architecture along with a toolbox of advanced capabilities for the many mechanics-independent pieces of the software. These pieces include high-level concepts to support parallel communications, parallel transfer operators that support code coupling, and parallel mesh refinement and unrefinement services with dynamic load rebalancing. We describe these capabilities in the context of the SIERRA framework developed at Sandia National Laboratories. Numerical examples are given, demonstrating the use of framework services for developing a parallel coupled application and a parallel single-physics <f>h</f>-adaptive application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Finite Elements in Analysis & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - SOFTWARE architecture
KW  - COMPUTER software development
KW  - ADAPTIVE computing systems
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - Adaptivity
KW  - Computational framework
KW  - Computational toolbox
KW  - Multiphysics applications
KW  - Parallel computing
KW  - Transfer operators
KW  - SANDIA National Laboratories
N1  - Accession Number: 13935757; Stewart, James R.; Email Address: jrstewa@sandia.gov Edwards, H. Carter 1; Email Address: hcedwar@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0826, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0826, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 40 Issue 12, p1599; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: SOFTWARE architecture; Subject Term: COMPUTER software development; Subject Term: ADAPTIVE computing systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational framework; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational toolbox; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiphysics applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transfer operators; Company/Entity: SANDIA National Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541511 Custom Computer Programming Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.finel.2003.10.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qafoku, Nikolla P.
AU  - Ainsworth, Calvin C.
AU  - Szecsody, James E.
AU  - Qafoku, Odeta S.
T1  - Transport-controlled kinetics of dissolution and precipitation in the sediments under alkaline and saline conditions
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2981
EP  - 2995
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Over 1.6 million liters of radioactive, high-temperature, Al-rich, alkaline and saline high-level waste (HLW) fluids were accidentally discharged from tank leaks onto the sediments at the Hanford Site, Washington. In order to better understand processes that might occur during the migration of HLW through sediments and to estimate their extents, we studied the effects of Al-rich, alkaline and saline solutions on soil mineral dissolution and precipitation during reactive transport. Metal- and glass-free systems were used to conduct miscible-displacement experiments at 50 °C under CO2 and O2 free conditions. Results showed significant release of Si, K, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, and Ba into the aqueous phase. The transport-controlled release of these elements was time dependent as evidenced by its extent varying with the fluid residence time. Silica initial dissolution rates (6.08 × 10-11 and 5.38 × 10-13 mol m-2 s-1) increased with base concentration, decreased with Al concentration, and decreased with fluid residence time. Aluminum precipitation rates varied in the range from 0.44 to 1.07 × 10-6 mol s-1 and were faster in these column experiments than in previous batch studies. The initial rate constant of Al precipitation reaction was 0.07 h-1 (half-life of 9.9 h at about 3 PV); it increased up to 0.137 h-1 (half-life of 5.1 h at about 20 PV). The precipitates identified with SEM and suggested from the modeling results were mainly NO3-cancrinite. SEM analyses also indicated the formation of sodalite when Al was not present in the leaching solution. In addition, results from modeling suggested the precipitation of brucite, goethite and gibbsite; the latter may precipitate in the presence of high Al concentrations. Aqueous and solid phase transformations caused by base-induced dissolution and subsequent secondary phases precipitation should be important determinants of the fate of contaminants and radionuclides in the vadose zone under alkaline and saline conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - BRUCITE
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 13622861; Qafoku, Nikolla P. 1; Email Address: nik.qafoku@pnl.gov Ainsworth, Calvin C. 1 Szecsody, James E. 1 Qafoku, Odeta S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352 USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 68 Issue 14, p2981; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: BRUCITE; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.12.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rustad, James R.
AU  - Loring, John S.
AU  - Casey, William H.
T1  - Oxygen-exchange pathways in aluminum polyoxocations
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3011
EP  - 3017
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Using molecular dynamics simulations and electronic structure methods, we postulate a mechanism to explain the complicated reactivity trends that are observed for oxygen isotope exchange reactions between sites in aluminum polyoxocations of the #x03B5;-Keggin type and bulk solution. Experimentally, the molecules have four nonequivalent oxygens that differ considerably in reactivity both within a molecule, and between molecules in the series: Al13, GaAl12, and GeAl12 [MO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12n+(aq); with M = Al(III) for Al13, n = 7; M = Ga(III) for GaAl12, n = 7; M = Ge(IV) for GeAl12, n = 8]. We find that a partly dissociated, metastable intermediate molecule of expanded volume is necessary for exchange of both sets of μ2-OH and that the steady-state concentration of this intermediate reflects the bond strengths between the central metal and the μ4-O. Thus the central metal exerts extraordinary control over reactions at hydroxyl bridges, although these are three bonds away.This mechanism not only explains the reactivity trends for oxygen isotope exchange in μ2-OH and η-OH2 sites in the #x03B5;-Keggin aluminum molecules, but also explains the observation that the reactivities of minerals tend to reflect the presence of highly coordinated oxygens, such as the μ4-O in boehmite, α-, and γ-Al2O3 and their Fe(III) analogs. The partial dissociation of these highly coordinated oxygens, coupled with simultaneous activation and displacement of neighboring metal centers, may be a fundamental process by which metals atoms undergo ligand exchanges at mineral surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13622863; Rustad, James R. 1; Email Address: rustad@geology.ucdavis.edu Loring, John S. 2 Casey, William H. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, USA  3: Department of Geology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 68 Issue 14, p3011; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.12.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deschamps, T.
AU  - Schwartz, P.
AU  - Trebotich, D.
AU  - Colella, P.
AU  - Saloner, D.
AU  - Malladi, R.
T1  - Vessel segmentation and blood flow simulation using Level-Sets and Embedded Boundary methods
JO  - International Congress Series
JF  - International Congress Series
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 1268
M3  - Article
SP  - 75
EP  - 80
SN  - 05315131
AB  - In this article we address the problem of blood flow simulation in realistic vascular objects. The anatomical surfaces are extracted by means of Level-Sets methods that accurately model the complex and varying surfaces of pathological objects such as aneurysms and stenoses. The surfaces obtained are defined at the sub-pixel level where they intersect the Cartesian grid of the image domain. It is therefore straightforward to construct embedded boundary representations of these objects on the same grid, for which recent work has enabled discretization of the Navier–Stokes equations for incompressible fluids. While most classical techniques require construction of a structured mesh that approximates the surface in order to extrapolate a 3D finite-element gridding of the whole volume, our method directly simulates the blood flow inside the extracted surface without losing any complicated details and without building additional grids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Congress Series is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BLOOD flow
KW  - BLOOD-vessels
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - LEVEL set methods
KW  - ANEURYSMS
KW  - Blood-flow
KW  - Embedded Boundary methods
KW  - Fast-Marching
KW  - Level-Sets
KW  - Navier–Stokes equations
KW  - Segmentation
N1  - Accession Number: 13327276; Deschamps, T. 1; Email Address: tdeschamps@lbl.gov Schwartz, P. 2 Trebotich, D. 3 Colella, P. 2 Saloner, D. 4 Malladi, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS50A-1148, Mathematics, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Applied Numerical Algorithms Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  3: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA  4: Vascular Imaging Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 1268, p75; Subject Term: BLOOD flow; Subject Term: BLOOD-vessels; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: LEVEL set methods; Subject Term: ANEURYSMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blood-flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Embedded Boundary methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast-Marching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Level-Sets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navier–Stokes equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segmentation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ics.2004.03.344
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lutz, Andrew E.
AU  - Bradshaw, Robert W.
AU  - Bromberg, Leslie
AU  - Rabinovich, Alex
T1  - Thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production by partial oxidation reforming
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 29
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 809
SN  - 03603199
AB  - This paper presents thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production by partial oxidation reforming. The analysis applies two approximations to the chemistry: global reaction balances and chemical equilibrium. The global reaction analysis provides theoretical upper limits on the process in the form of algebraic expressions involving the steam-to-carbon ratio and the oxygen-to-carbon ratio as process parameters. The equilibrium computations provide a more realistic estimate of the expected product composition and thermal efficiency of the process. The equilibrium predictions are compared to experimental data obtained using a first generation plasmatron reformer operated on diesel fuel. The efficiency of this compact reformer was considerably below the theoretical maximum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Autothermal reforming
KW  - Chemical equilibrium
KW  - Partial oxidation
KW  - Plasma
KW  - Reforming
KW  - Thermal efficiency
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 12559556; Lutz, Andrew E. 1; Email Address: aelutz@sandia.gov Bradshaw, Robert W. 1 Bromberg, Leslie 2 Rabinovich, Alex 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS-9053, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA 02139-2139, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p809; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autothermal reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2003.09.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - De Chant, Lawrence J.
T1  - An explanation for the minimal effect of body curvature on hypervelocity penetration hole formation
JO  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
JF  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 41
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4163
EP  - 4177
SN  - 00207683
AB  - Though not discussed extensively in the literature, it is known among workers in impact and penetration dynamics, e.g. the CTH analysis and development team at Sandia National Laboratories, that curvature of thin plates has a minimal effect on the penetration hole diameter due to a hypervelocity impact. To understand why curvature introduces a minimal effect on penetration hole size we extend a flat plate penetration hole diameter relationship ( Unpublished manuscript;  Mechanics of Materials, in press) to include the effect of body curvature. The effect of the body curvature on the hole diameter is shown to scale according to the dimensionless plate thickness to radius of curvature of the body i.e. <f>h/R</f>, which is typically small. Indeed for most problems where a single layer shell (plate) can be meaningfully defined, the effect of curvature upon hole diameter is on the order of other uncertainties in the problem, e.g. doubts concerning the appropriate equation of state and strength model, and is often, therefore, negligible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Solids & Structures is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APPLIED mechanics
KW  - PENETRATION mechanics
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - HYPERVELOCITY guns
KW  - CURVATURE
KW  - Curvature
KW  - Penetration hole diameter
N1  - Accession Number: 13327799; De Chant, Lawrence J. 1; Email Address: ljdecha@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Thermal Reactive Processes, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM, 87185-0825, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 41 Issue 15, p4163; Subject Term: APPLIED mechanics; Subject Term: PENETRATION mechanics; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: HYPERVELOCITY guns; Subject Term: CURVATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Curvature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Penetration hole diameter; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.02.053
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahesh, S.
AU  - Hanan, J.C.
AU  - Üstündag, E.
AU  - Beyerlein, I.J.
T1  - Shear-lag model for a single fiber metal matrix composite with an elasto-plastic matrix and a slipping interface
JO  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
JF  - International Journal of Solids & Structures
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 41
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4197
EP  - 4218
SN  - 00207683
AB  - We present a shear-lag stress analysis methodology which accounts for both matrix strain-hardening plasticity and interfacial slip in a single fiber metal matrix composite (MMC) subjected to uniaxial tensile loading and unloading along the fiber direction. The fiber may either be broken or intact. Among other things, the model predicts residual stress and strain distribution after a cycle in the fiber and matrix. The development of the model is motivated by the recent measurement by Hanan et al. [Mater. Sci. Eng. A, in press], of elastic strain evolution with loading in each phase of an Al2O3/Al composite using neutron diffraction. The model also estimates two crucial in situ material parameters using these measurements, which cannot be obtained from bulk tests: the frictional threshold of the interface, and the in situ yield point of the matrix. With these parameters, the predicted elastic strain evolution with loading is in excellent agreement with the experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Solids & Structures is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MATERIALS handling
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - Damage mechanics
KW  - Interfacial slip
KW  - Matrix plasticity
KW  - Metal matrix composites
KW  - Shear-lag model
N1  - Accession Number: 13327801; Mahesh, S. 1; Email Address: mahesh@lanl.gov Hanan, J.C. 2 Üstündag, E. 2 Beyerlein, I.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 41 Issue 15, p4197; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATERIALS handling; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: MATRICES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial slip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear-lag model; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.02.050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
AU  - Yushkov, George Yu.
T1  - The kinetic energy of carbon ions in vacuum arc plasmas: A comparison of measuring techniques.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 970
EP  - 974
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Ions in cathodic arc plasmas have high velocities attained by acceleration at cathode spots. Among other techniques, two time-of-flight setups had previously been used to determine ion velocities. These measurements showed significant discrepancies especially for some light cathode materials like carbon. To reconcile the differences, a thorough investigation was conducted using carbon as the cathode material. It is shown that systematic errors occur when the ion source time-of-flight system is not operated near perveance-matching conditions. The extracted ion beam is not parallel but divergent, and the Faraday cup detector measures only a fraction of the beam. In contrast, plasma source experiments without ion extraction are free of such distortions. In the absence of an external magnetic field, the average carbon ion energy has been determined to be in the range 18.5-20.5 eV for arc currents in the range 100-600 A, in agreement with previous plasma source measurements and other literature data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - VACUUM arcs
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ION sources
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13617693; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov Yushkov, George Yu. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 53, Berkeley, California 94720  2: High Current Electronics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634055, Russia; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p970; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: VACUUM arcs; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cimpoiasu, E.
AU  - Tolpygo, S.K.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Simonian, N.
AU  - Lukens, J.E.
AU  - Likharev, K.K.
AU  - Klie, R.F.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
T1  - Aluminum oxide layers as possible components for layered tunnel barriers.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1088
EP  - 1093
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have studied transport properties of Nb/Al/AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions with ultrathin aluminum oxide layers formed by (i) thermal oxidation and (ii) plasma oxidation, before and after rapid thermal postannealing of the completed structures at temperatures up to 550 °C. Postannealing at temperatures above 300°C results in a significant decrease of the tunneling conductance of thermally grown barriers, while plasma-grown barriers start to change only at annealing temperatures above 450 °C. Fitting the experimental I- V curves of the junctions using the results of the microscopic theory of direct tunneling shows that the annealing of thermally grown oxides at temperatures above 300 °C results in a substantial increase of their average tunnel barriers height, from ∼ 1.8 eV to ∼ 2.45 eV, versus the practically unchanged height of ∼ 2.0 eV for plasma-grown layers. This difference, together with high endurance of annealed barriers under electric stress (breakdown field above 10 MV/cm) may enable all-AlOx and SiO2/AlOx layered "crested" barriers for advanced floating-gate memory applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - HETEROJUNCTIONS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13618389; Cimpoiasu, E. 1; Email Address: ecimpoiasu@notes.cc.sunysb.edu Tolpygo, S.K. 1 Liu, X. 1 Simonian, N. 1 Lukens, J.E. 1 Likharev, K.K. 1 Klie, R.F. 2 Zhu, Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p1088; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTIONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jung-Kun Lee
AU  - Jae Yun Yi
AU  - Kug Sun Hong
T1  - Dependence of incommensurate phase formation on vacancy type in La-doped ( Na1/21/2 Ba1/2) TiO3.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1174
EP  - 1177
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Changes in structure and phase transition behavior are investigated for two types of La-doped sodium bismuth titanate ceramics. When A-site vacancies are formed by La incorporation, the phase transition near 200 °C becomes pronounced. Hysteresis loop and ε (T) demonstrate that the structure above 200 °C is the incommensurate antiferroelectric phase. In contrast, B-site vacancies produced by La doping do not contribute to the incommensurate phase. The origin for the formation of the incommensurate antiferroelectric state between the rhombohedral ferroelectric phase and tetragonal paraelectric phase is discussed in a view of decoupling effects due to the A-site vacancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - LANTHANUM
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - HYSTERESIS loop
N1  - Accession Number: 13618535; Jung-Kun Lee 1; Email Address: jklee@lanl.gov Jae Yun Yi 2 Kug Sun Hong 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 2, p1174; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: TITANATES; Subject Term: LANTHANUM; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: HYSTERESIS loop; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pappas, Christopher T.
AU  - Sram, Jakub
AU  - Moskvin, Oleg V.
AU  - Ivanov, Pavel S.
AU  - MacKenzie, R. Christopher
AU  - Choudhary, Madhusudan
AU  - Land, Miriam L.
AU  - Larimer, Frank W.
AU  - Kaplan, Samuel
AU  - Gomelsky, Mark
T1  - Construction and Validation of the Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 DNA Microarray: Transcriptome Flexibility at Diverse Growth Modes.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4748
EP  - 4758
SN  - 00219193
AB  - A high-density oligonucleotide DNA microarray, a genechip, representing the 4.6-Mb genome of the facultative phototrophic proteobacterium, Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1, was custom-designed and manufactured by Affymetrix, Santa Clara, Calif. The genechip contains probe sets for 4,292 open reading frames (ORFs), 47 rRNA and tRNA genes, and 394 intergenic regions. The probe set sequences were derived from the genome annotation generated by Oak Ridge National Laboratory after extensive revision, which was based primarily upon codon usage characteristic of this GC-rich bacterium. As a result of the revision, numerous missing ORFs were uncovered, nonexistent ORFs were deleted, and misidentified start codons were corrected. To evaluate R. sphaeroides transcriptome flexibility, expression profiles for three diverse growth modes—aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration in the dark, and anaerobic photosynthesis—were generated. Expression levels of onefifth to one-third of the R. sphaeroides ORFs were significantly different in cells under any two growth modes. Pathways involved in energy generation and redox balance maintenance under three growth modes were reconstructed. Expression patterns of genes involved in these pathways mirrored known functional changes, suggesting that massive changes in gene expression are the major means used by R. sphaeroides in adaptation to diverse conditions. Differential expression was observed for genes encoding putative new participants in these pathways (additional photosystem genes, duplicate NADH dehydrogenase, ATP synthases), whose functionality has yet to be investigated. The DNA microarray data correlated well with data derived from quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, as well as with data from the literature, thus validating the R. sphaeroides genechip as a powerful and reliable tool for studying unprecedented metabolic versatility of this bacterium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - IMMOBILIZED nucleic acids
KW  - BIOCHIPS
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - MOLECULAR computers
N1  - Accession Number: 14045770; Pappas, Christopher T. 1 Sram, Jakub 1 Moskvin, Oleg V. 1 Ivanov, Pavel S. 1 MacKenzie, R. Christopher 2 Choudhary, Madhusudan 2 Land, Miriam L. 3 Larimer, Frank W. 3 Kaplan, Samuel 2 Gomelsky, Mark 1; Email Address: gomelsky@uwyo.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Wyoming  2: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Medical School, Texas  3: Genome Analysis Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 186 Issue 14, p4748; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: IMMOBILIZED nucleic acids; Subject Term: BIOCHIPS; Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR computers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JB.186.14.4748-4758.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valeev, Edward F.
AU  - Janssen, Curtis L.
T1  - Second-order Møller–Plesset theory with linear R12 terms (MP2-R12) revisited: Auxiliary basis set method and massively parallel implementation.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1214
EP  - 1227
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Ab initio electronic structure approaches in which electron correlation explicitly appears have been the subject of much recent interest. Because these methods accelerate the rate of convergence of the energy and properties with respect to the size of the one-particle basis set, they promise to make accuracies of better than 1 kcal/mol computationally feasible for larger chemical systems than can be treated at present with such accuracy. The linear R12 methods of Kutzelnigg and co-workers are currently the most practical means to include explicit electron correlation. However, the application of such methods to systems of chemical interest faces severe challenges, most importantly, the still steep computational cost of such methods. Here we describe an implementation of the second-order Møller–Plesset method with terms linear in the interelectronic distances (MP2-R12) which has a reduced computational cost due to the use of two basis sets. The use of two basis sets in MP2-R12 theory was first investigated recently by Klopper and Samson and is known as the auxiliary basis set (ABS) approach. One of the basis sets is used to describe the orbitals and another, the auxiliary basis set, is used for approximating matrix elements occurring in the exact MP2-R12 theory. We further extend the applicability of the approach by parallelizing all steps of the integral-direct MP2-R12 energy algorithm. We discuss several variants of the MP2-R12 method in the context of parallel execution and demonstrate that our implementation runs efficiently on a variety of distributed memory machines. Results of preliminary applications indicate that the two-basis (ABS) MP2-R12 approach cannot be used safely when small basis sets (such as augmented double- and triple-ζ correlation consistent basis sets) are utilized in the orbital expansion. Our results suggest that basis set reoptimization or further modifications of the explicitly correlated ansatz and/or standard approximations for matrix elements are necessary in order to make the MP2-R12 method sufficiently accurate when small orbital basis sets are used. The computer code is a part of the latest public release of Sandia’s Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry program available under GNU General Public License. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ELECTRON configuration
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CHEMICAL systems
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13885946; Valeev, Edward F. 1,2; Email Address: edward.valeev@chemistry.gatech.edu Janssen, Curtis L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 3, p1214; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ELECTRON configuration; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL systems; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1759319
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kollias, A. C.
AU  - Couronne, O.
AU  - Lester Jr., W. A.
T1  - Quantum Monte Carlo study of the reaction: Cl+CH3OH→CH2OH+HCl.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1357
EP  - 1363
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A theoretical study is reported of the Cl+CH3OH→CH2OH+HCl reaction based on the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) variant of the quantum Monte Carlo method. Using a DMC trial function constructed as a product of Hartree–Fock and correlation functions, we have computed the barrier height, heat of reaction, atomization energies, and heats of formation of reagents and products. The DMC heat of reaction, atomization energies, and heats of formation are found to agree with experiment to within the error bounds of computation and experiment. Møller–Plesset second order perturbation theory (MP2) and density functional theory, the latter in the B3LYP generalized gradient approximation, are found to overestimate the experimental heat of reaction. Intrinsic reaction coordinate calculations at the MP2 level of theory demonstrate that the reaction is predominantly direct, i.e., proceeds without formation of intermediates, which is consistent with a recent molecular beam experiment. The reaction barrier as determined from MP2 calculations is found to be 2.24 kcal/mol and by DMC it is computed to be 2.39(49) kcal/mol. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13885930; Kollias, A. C. 1 Couronne, O. 1 Lester Jr., W. A. 1; Email Address: walester@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 3, p1357; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1756863
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaldach, C.M.
AU  - Bourcier, William L.
AU  - Paul, Phillip H.
AU  - Wilson, W.D.
T1  - Electrostatic potentials and fields in the vicinity of engineered nanostructures
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 275
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
EP  - 611
SN  - 00219797
AB  - We have developed a method for calculating the electrostatic potentials and fields in the vicinity of geometrically complex engineered nanostructures composed of varying materials in electrolytes of arbitrary pH and ionic strength. The method involves direct summation of charged Debye–Hückel spheres composing the nanostructural surfaces and, by including charge redistribution on the surface of conducting materials held at constant potential, is applicable to mixed boundary conditions. The method is validated by comparison to analytical solutions for an infinite plane (Gouy–Chapman), an infinite cylinder (Bessel functions), and an infinite plane which contains a hole and which is held at constant potential. Excellent agreement between the potentials obtained by our numerical method and the closed form solutions is found for these conditions. The method is applied to the calculation of the electric field enhancement in the vicinity of a nanomembrane whose pore wall is held at constant charge and whose membrane surfaces are held at constant potential. The electric field is found to be enhanced by the charge buildup in the rim of the hole of the nanomembrane; the buildup results from the potential being held constant in the conducting region. Ion concentrations are also calculated. Positive ion rejection is found to be enhanced by this charge buildup in the region of the rim when a constant positive potential is applied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - Electrostatic potentials
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Nanotechnology
KW  - Poisson–Boltzmann
N1  - Accession Number: 13289134; Schaldach, C.M. 1 Bourcier, William L. 1 Paul, Phillip H. 2 Wilson, W.D. 2; Email Address: wdwils@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Eksigent Technologies, LLC, 2021 Las Positas Ct., Suite 161, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 275 Issue 2, p601; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrostatic potentials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanotechnology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poisson–Boltzmann; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.02.092
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Jinzhong
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
T1  - Stochastic analysis of saturated–unsaturated flow in heterogeneous media by combining Karhunen-Loeve expansion and perturbation method
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 294
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 38
SN  - 00221694
AB  - In this study, a stochastic model for transient saturated–unsaturated flow is developed based on the Karhunen-Loeve expansion of the input random soil properties combined with a perturbation method. The log-transformed saturated hydraulic conductivity <f>f(x)</f> and the soil pore size distribution parameter <f>α(x)</f> are assumed to be normal random functions with known covariances. We decompose <f>f(x)</f> and <f>α(x)</f> as infinite series in a set of orthogonal normal random variables by the Karhunen-Loeve expansion and expand the pressure head as polynomial chaos with the same set of orthogonal random variables. The perfectly correlated and uncorrelated cases between <f>f(x)</f> and <f>α(x)</f> are studied. By using the Karhunen-Loeve expansion of the input random parameters, polynomial chaos decomposition of pressure head, and the perturbation method, the saturated–unsaturated flow equation and the corresponding initial and boundary conditions are represented by a series of partial differential equations in which the dependent variables are the deterministic coefficients of the polynomial chaos expansion. Once the partial differential equations are solved subsequently by a numerical method, the random representation of pressure head is obtained by combining the deterministic coefficients obtained and the random variables from the Karhunen-Loeve expansion of the input random functions. The moments of pressure head and water content are determined directly from the random representation of the pressure head. We demonstrated the applicability of the proposed KL-based stochastic model with some examples of unsaturated and saturated–unsaturated flow in two dimensions, and compared the results with those from the moment-based stochastic model. It is shown that the KL-based models are more computationally efficient than the conventional moment-based models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Karhunen-Loeve expansion
KW  - Numerical analysis
KW  - Perturbation method
KW  - Saturated–unsaturated flow
KW  - Stochastic modeling
KW  - Vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 13388126; Yang, Jinzhong 1 Zhang, Dongxiao 2,3; Email Address: cshy@public.wh.hb.cn Lu, Zhiming 2; Email Address: zhiming@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China  2: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Mewbourne School of Petroleum & Geological Eng, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK73019, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 294 Issue 1-3, p18; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Karhunen-Loeve expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perturbation method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturated–unsaturated flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vadose zone; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.10.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guadagnini, Laura
AU  - Guadagnini, Alberto
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
T1  - Probabilistic reconstruction of geologic facies
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 294
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 67
SN  - 00221694
AB  - Random domain decomposition (RDD) provides a powerful tool for quantifying uncertainty in flow simulations, when both the geologic makeup of a porous medium and its hydraulic parameters are under-specified by data. Its prior applications dealt with flows in porous media whose internal compositions are amenable to simple parameterizations. This study provides a means for probabilistic reconstruction of boundaries between geologic facies. We apply our general approach to multiple data sets to reconstruct highly permeable zones within an aquitard in the Bologna (Italy) aquifer system and demonstrate how it can be used in conjunction with RDD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - GEOLOGY
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - Composite media
KW  - Random domain decomposition
KW  - Stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 13388128; Guadagnini, Laura 1; Email Address: laura.guadagnini@polimi.it Guadagnini, Alberto 1; Email Address: alberto.guadagnini@polimi.it Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 2; Email Address: dmt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica, Ambientale Infrastrutture Viarie e Rilevamento (DIIAR), politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 294 Issue 1-3, p57; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: GEOLOGY; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.02.007
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scovazzo, Paul
AU  - Kieft, Jesse
AU  - Finan, Daniel A.
AU  - Koval, Carl
AU  - DuBois, Dan
AU  - Noble, Richard
T1  - Gas separations using non-hexafluorophosphate [PF6]- anion supported ionic liquid membranes
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 238
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 63
SN  - 03767388
AB  - Previously, we reported on using Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) in place of traditional solvents for supported liquid membranes to take advantage of their unique properties. This previous work used RTILs with the hexafluorophosphate [PF6]- anion. However, the [PF6]- anion in the presence of water can break down into HF. In the current work, we studied RTIL-membranes made from the following water stable anions: bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide [Tf2N]-, trifluoromethanesulfone [CF3SO3]-, chloride [Cl]-, and dicyanamide [dca]-. We report CO2 permeabilities of 350 barrers (for [Cl]-) to 1000 barrers (for [Tf2N]-) combined with CO2/N2 ideal selectivities of 15 (for [Cl]-) to 61 (for [dca]-). Note that these permeability/selectivities place RTIL-membranes above the upper-bound in a CO2/N2 Robeson plot of representative polymers. The CO2/CH4 ideal selectivities range from 4 (for [Cl]-) to 20 (for [dca]-), thereby placing the [dca]-membrane above the upper-bound for the CO2/CH4 Robeson plot. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GASES -- Separation
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - LIQUID membranes
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide anion ([Tf2N]-)
KW  - butylmethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6])
KW  - chloride anion ([Cl]-)
KW  - dicyanamide anion ([dca]-)
KW  - ethylmethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([emim][Tf2N])
KW  - ethylmethylimidazolium dicyanamide ([emim][dca])
KW  - ethylmethylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfone ([emim][CF3SO3])
KW  - Gas separations
KW  - hexafluorophosphate anion ([PF6]-)
KW  - Liquid membranes
KW  - the internal energy of vaporization for the RTIL (<F>ΔUvRTIL</F>)
KW  - the molar volume of the RTIL (VRTIL)
KW  - trifluoromethanesulfone anion ([CF3SO3]-)
KW  - trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride ([thtdp][Cl])
N1  - Accession Number: 13290553; Scovazzo, Paul 1; Email Address: scovazzo@olemiss.edu Kieft, Jesse 2 Finan, Daniel A. 3 Koval, Carl 2 DuBois, Dan 4 Noble, Richard 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA  2: Department of Chemical and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA  3: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 238 Issue 1/2, p57; Subject Term: GASES -- Separation; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: LIQUID membranes; Subject Term: ANIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide anion ([Tf2N]-); Author-Supplied Keyword: butylmethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]); Author-Supplied Keyword: chloride anion ([Cl]-); Author-Supplied Keyword: dicyanamide anion ([dca]-); Author-Supplied Keyword: ethylmethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([emim][Tf2N]); Author-Supplied Keyword: ethylmethylimidazolium dicyanamide ([emim][dca]); Author-Supplied Keyword: ethylmethylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfone ([emim][CF3SO3]); Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: hexafluorophosphate anion ([PF6]-); Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: the internal energy of vaporization for the RTIL (<F>ΔUvRTIL</F>); Author-Supplied Keyword: the molar volume of the RTIL (VRTIL); Author-Supplied Keyword: trifluoromethanesulfone anion ([CF3SO3]-); Author-Supplied Keyword: trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride ([thtdp][Cl]); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.02.033
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hess
AU  - C.
AU  - Hoefelmeyer
AU  - J. D.
AU  - Tilley
AU  - T. D.
T1  - Spectroscopic Characterization of Highly Dispersed Vanadia Supported on SBA-15.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 9703
EP  - 9709
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Spectroscopic analysis was used to gain new insight into the molecular structures occurring during the synthesis of highly dispersed silica SBA-15 supported vanadia (VOx/SBA-15). VOx/SBA-15 was prepared by a grafting/anion-exchange procedure. As a first step of the procedure, the inner pores of SBA-15 are functionalized via grafting of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. After formation of the corresponding ammonium salt, decavanadate (V10O286-) is incorporated into the pores by anion exchange. In the final step, calcination of the decavanadate precursor, yields the chemically bonded vanadia species. Using this approach, vanadium loadings of up to 22 wt % of V on SBA-15 were obtained. As followed by Raman spectroscopy, upon dehydration, the structure of the supported vanadia changes dramatically. Raman and diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy under dehydrated conditions reveal the presence of different vanadia structures (monomers, polymers, and crystals) as a function of vanadium loading (0-22 wt % of V). The maximum coverage of vanadia species on SBA-15 is achieved at ~7.2 wt % of V (2.3 V/nm2). At loadings up to 7.2 wt % of V, the vanadia species are mainly present as isolated tetrahedral species, whereas at higher loadings V2O5 crystallites are formed, in addition to monomeric and polymeric vanadia species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMERS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - CHARGE exchange
N1  - Accession Number: 14639171; Hess C. 1 Hoefelmeyer J. D. 1 Tilley T. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and the Chemical and Materials Science Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 28, p9703; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunietz
AU  - B. D.
AU  - Markovic
AU  - N. M.
AU  - Ross
AU  - P. N.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
T1  - Initiation of Electro-Oxidation of CO on Pt Based Electrodes at Full Coverage Conditions Simulated by Ab Initio Electronic Structure Calculations.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 9888
EP  - 9892
SN  - 15206106
AB  - CO electrooxidation on Pt-based electrodes is simulated by density functional calculations on cluster models. Recently, simple cluster models were used to identify a crucial intermediate species for the reaction. In this work, we address the problem of the initiation of the CO electrooxidation process by employing extended models. These extended models are aimed at representing the surface at full coverage, which is believed to be the condition of the physical system at reaction initiation. According to the models employed in this study, it is concluded that for the reaction to begin at reasonable strength of the potential bias a vacancy has to occur at a site adjacent to an adsorbed CO. Such vacancies can be produced either by the presence of surface defects or due to dynamical desorption of CO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - PLATINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14639196; Dunietz B. D. 1 Markovic N. M. 1 Ross P. N. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 28, p9888; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: PLATINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heijboer
AU  - W. M.
AU  - Glatzel
AU  - P.
AU  - Sawant
AU  - K. R.
AU  - Lobo
AU  - R. F.
AU  - Bergmann
AU  - U.
AU  - Barrea
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Koningsberger
AU  - D. C.
AU  - Weckhuysen
AU  - B. M.
AU  - de Groot
AU  - F. M. F.
T1  - Kβ-Detected XANES of Framework-Substituted FeZSM-5 Zeolites.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 10002
EP  - 10011
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The valence and local symmetry of iron in framework-substituted FeZSM-5 with a high Fe dilution (Si/Fe = 360) was studied by means of Kβ-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy. This technique combines high-resolution (ΔE ~1 eV) fluorescence detection of the 3p to 1s (Kβ) transition with the X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) at the Fe K-edge. An absorption-like spectrum is recorded by detecting the Kβ fluorescence intensity as a function of the incident energy that is scanned through the K absorption edge. Kβ-detected XANES spectra allow for a more precise separation of the weak K pre-edge structure from the main edge as compared to conventional absorption spectroscopy. Subsequent analysis and interpretation of the pre-edge spectral features therefore is more accurate. The pre-edge is sensitive to changes in the local coordination and oxidation state of Fe. Using this technique we were able to quantitatively determine the degree of iron extraction out of a zeolite framework upon steaming. With the use of appropriate reference compounds, the pre-edge analysis was used to monitor the activation of low-loaded, framework-substituted FeZSM-5 (0.3 wt % Fe). Template removal and calcination distort the zeolite framework and induce a deviation from Td symmetry for incorporated iron. The (deliberate) presence of water at high temperature (T > 500 °C) facilitates the hydrolysis of the Si-O-Fe bonds and increases the formation of extraframework iron species. The amount of FeIII occupying tetrahedral sites in the MFI-type zeolite decreases to 32% and 19%, respectively, for mild- and hard-steamed samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - SILICATE minerals
N1  - Accession Number: 14639213; Heijboer W. M. 1 Glatzel P. 1 Sawant K. R. 1 Lobo R. F. 1 Bergmann U. 1 Barrea R. A. 1 Koningsberger D. C. 1 Weckhuysen B. M. 1 de Groot F. M. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands, Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science & Technology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, and Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, BioCAT, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 28, p10002; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: SILICATE minerals; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Piper, M.
AU  - Lundquist, Julie K.
T1  - Surface Layer Turbulence Measurements during a Frontal Passage.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 61
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1768
EP  - 1780
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - Very little is known about the nature of turbulence in the transition zone of a synoptic-scale cold front, especially at the dissipative scales. Lacking this knowledge, accurate models of surface frontogenesis are compromised. To address this problem, high-frequency measurements from sonic and hot-wire anemometers are used to analyze the finescale turbulence in the atmospheric surface layer (ASL) within a cold front observed in the MICROFRONTS field experiment. To quantify the turbulence in the front, velocity spectra and dissipation rates are calculated as functions of time and stability in the ASL. The normalized first and second moments of the one-dimensional velocity spectrum conform to the scaling suggested by Kolmogorov's equilibrium hypotheses, even during the intense turbulence associated with the frontal passage. The spectra compare well with other data collected at high Reλ in the ASL, but not as well with a recent model of the dissipative range of turbulence. Dissipation rate ε is calculated with one direct and two indirect techniques. The calculations from the different techniques compare well with one another and, when nondimensionalized, with a historical expression for dissipation rate as a function of ASL stability. The magnitude of the dissipation rate increases by an order of magnitude to a maximum value of ∼1.2 m2 s-3 during the frontal passage compared to prefrontal values of ∼0.05 m2 s-3; the latter is typical for a slightly stable nighttime boundary layer over land. These results can be used in assessing the effects of turbulence in traditional semigeostrophic models of frontal collapse. The dissipation rate calculations may be of particular use to modelers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - HOT-wire anemometer
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - METEOROLOGICAL instruments
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology)
N1  - Accession Number: 13918766; Piper, M. 1; Email Address: jkl@llnl.gov Lundquist, Julie K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.  2: Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California.; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 61 Issue 14, p1768; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: HOT-wire anemometer; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: METEOROLOGICAL instruments; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Meteorology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwarz, R.B.
AU  - Harms, U.
AU  - Jain, H.
T1  - Elastic stiffness of interfaces studied by Rayleigh waves
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 375-377
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
EP  - 200
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The properties of nanocrystalline materials are often dominated by the behavior of their interfaces. We use Rayleigh waves to measure in situ the elastic stiffness of elemental and alloy thin films while they are being deposited. Of special interest are changes in stiffness of the multilayer upon switching the deposition from one metal to another. For most film/substrate combinations, the stiffness changes abruptly, as found for Ir/Pd, Pd/Ag, Pd/Co, Au/Co, Ag/Pd, Ag/Co, and Pt/Pd interfaces. For other metal–metal combinations, the stiffness change shows transient effects. These changes reflect either an elastic softening, as found at Co/Pd, Co/Ag, Co/Au, Pd/Pt, and Ir/Pt interfaces, or an elastic stiffening, as found at Pd/Ir and Pt/Ir interfaces. The stiffening at Pd/Ir interfaces is studied in greater detail. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data are used in the interpretation of the results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - RAYLEIGH waves
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - SEISMIC waves
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Elastic modulus
KW  - Interfaces
KW  - Rayleigh waves
KW  - Thin films
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 13985466; Schwarz, R.B. 1; Email Address: rxzs@lanl.gov Harms, U. 1 Jain, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Structure Property Relationship, Materials Science and Technology Division Group, MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 375-377, p194; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH waves; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: SEISMIC waves; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic modulus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayleigh waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.177
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
AU  - Besser, M.F.
T1  - Oxygen effects on glass formation of plasma arc sprayed Cu47Ti33Zr11Ni8Si1 surface coatings
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 375-377
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
EP  - 629
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A series of thermal spray experiments were performed to produce Cu47Ti33Zr11Ni8Si1 coatings from gas atomized powders synthesized with oxygen contents ranging from 0.125 to 0.79 wt.%. The amount of oxygen increased with decreasing particle size, which suggests the oxide is present as a surface film. Surface coatings were deposited using plasma arc spraying (PAS) in air and in an argon environment within an environmental chamber. The amount of amorphous phase was estimated for the gas atomized powders and plasma arc sprayed coatings. Despite the rapid solidification occurring during these two processing methods, substantial devitrification occurs in the high oxygen content powders and their associated coatings. Coatings deposited in air exhibit significantly more devitrification than their counterparts produced in the controlled environment chamber. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - PLASMA arc melting
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - Devitrification
KW  - Metallic glass
KW  - Plasma arc spray
N1  - Accession Number: 13985560; Sordelet, D.J. 1; Email Address: sordelet@ameslab.gov Besser, M.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 125 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 375-377, p625; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: PLASMA arc melting; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Devitrification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma arc spray; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.185
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celik, Erdal
AU  - Avci, Esref
AU  - Hascicek, Yusuf S.
T1  - Growth characteristics of ZrO2 insulation coatings on Ag/AgMg sheathed Bi-2212 superconducting tapes
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: B
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 220
SN  - 09215107
AB  - We have investigated the growth behaviors of high temperature compatible ZrO2 insulation coatings on Ag and AgMg sheathed Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox superconducting tapes depending on number of dipping and thermal conditions. The coatings were fabricated on long-length superconducting tape substrates using a solution derived from Zr tetrabutoxide, solvent and chelating agent for high magnetic field magnets. The layer-on-layer growth behaviors were characterized by environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray maps and X-ray diffraction (XRD). This research showed that the ZrO2 coatings were regularly grown on Ag-based tape substrates and coating thickness increased with increasing number of dipping. It was found that ceramic oxides formed at temperature range 450 and 550 °C. The final coating thickness changed between 6 and 8 μm after annealing process. Resistance of insulation measured from surface and edge regions of the coatings were 14.06 and 13.95 MΩ, respectively. Critical current (Ic) of ZrO2/AgMg/Bi-2212 coils was found to be 110.9 A at 4.2 K using the 10-4 V/m criterion and in a background magnetic field of 19.2 T. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ZIRCONIUM oxide
KW  - THERMAL insulation
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING composites
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - AgMg/Bi-2212
KW  - Critical current
KW  - Film growth
KW  - HTS conductor
KW  - Insulation
KW  - Resistance
KW  - Sol–gel
KW  - ZrO2
N1  - Accession Number: 13167491; Celik, Erdal 1,2; Email Address: erdal.celik@deu.edu.tr Avci, Esref 3 Hascicek, Yusuf S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E, Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FA 32310, USA  3: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Esentepe Campus, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54187, Turkey; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p213; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM oxide; Subject Term: THERMAL insulation; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING composites; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: AgMg/Bi-2212; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Film growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: HTS conductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZrO2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423330 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mseb.2004.03.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jianzhong Zhang
AU  - Yusheng Zhao
T1  - Formation of zirconium metallic glass.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6997
M3  - Article
SP  - 332
EP  - 335
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Bulk metallic glasses are commonly produced by the rapid cooling of liquid alloys. They have emerged over the past decade as a novel class of materials, with attractive properties and technological promise. The bulk metallic glasses so far produced contain three or more component elements. These complex compositions are necessary to frustrate the crystallization of the liquid melt on cooling, but can also lead to phase separation, which is detrimental to the thermal and mechanical properties of metallic glasses. Here we report, using X-ray diffraction measurements, the formation of a bulk metallic glass from elemental zirconium at high static pressures and low temperatures (relative to its melting temperature at atmospheric pressure). Amorphous zirconium can be recovered at ambient conditions and demonstrates a superior thermal stability compared to amorphous alloys, which could lead to new high-temperature applications of amorphous metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - TITANIUM group
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - LIQUID metals
N1  - Accession Number: 13797636; Jianzhong Zhang 1; Email Address: zhang@lanl.gov Yusheng Zhao 1; Affiliation:  1: LANSCE Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6997, p332; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: TITANIUM group; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02715
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Jaeger, Johannes
AU  - Surkova, Svetlana
AU  - Blagov, Maxim
AU  - Janssens, Hilde
AU  - Kosman, David
AU  - Kozlov, Konstantin N.
AU  - Manu
AU  - Myasnikova, Ekaterina
AU  - Vanario-Alonso, Carlos E.
AU  - Samsonova, Maria
AU  - Sharp, David H.
AU  - Reinitz, John
T1  - Dynamic control of positional information in the early Drosophila embryo.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6997
M3  - Letter
SP  - 368
EP  - 371
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Morphogen gradients contribute to pattern formation by determining positional information in morphogenetic fields. Interpretation of positional information is thought to rely on direct, concentration-threshold-dependent mechanisms for establishing multiple differential domains of target gene expression. In Drosophila, maternal gradients establish the initial position of boundaries for zygotic gap gene expression, which in turn convey positional information to pair-rule and segment-polarity genes, the latter forming a segmental pre-pattern by the onset of gastrulation. Here we report, on the basis of quantitative gene expression data, substantial anterior shifts in the position of gap domains after their initial establishment. Using a data-driven mathematical modelling approach, we show that these shifts are based on a regulatory mechanism that relies on asymmetric gap-gap cross-repression and does not require the diffusion of gap proteins. Our analysis implies that the threshold-dependent interpretation of maternal morphogen concentration is not sufficient to determine shifting gap domain boundary positions, and suggests that establishing and interpreting positional information are not independent processes in the Drosophila blastoderm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DROSOPHILA
KW  - EMBRYOS
KW  - MORPHOGENESIS
KW  - EMBRYOLOGY
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - GENETIC regulation
N1  - Accession Number: 13797642; Jaeger, Johannes 1 Surkova, Svetlana 2 Blagov, Maxim 2 Janssens, Hilde 1 Kosman, David 3 Kozlov, Konstantin N. 2 Manu 1 Myasnikova, Ekaterina 2 Vanario-Alonso, Carlos E. 1,4 Samsonova, Maria 2 Sharp, David H. 5 Reinitz, John 1; Email Address: reinitz@odd.bio.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, and Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3600, USA  2: Department of Computational Biology, Center for Advanced Studies, St Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St Petersburg, 195251 Russia  3: Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA  4: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil  5: Applied Physics Division, and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: 7/15/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6997, p368; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA; Subject Term: EMBRYOS; Subject Term: MORPHOGENESIS; Subject Term: EMBRYOLOGY; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1038/nature02678
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dangalchev, Chavdar
T1  - Generation models for scale-free networks
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 338
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 659
EP  - 671
SN  - 03784371
AB  - In the last few years it has been established that the connectivity distribution of the large real-world networks often follows the power-law, i.e., they are scale-free networks. In this article stochastic models leading to scale-free network are considered and a model close to them is proposed. Deterministic models for creating scale-free networks with given nodes (static model) are demonstrated. A characteristic of graphs, which could be used for determining the scale-free topology of networks, is suggested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - TOPOLOGY
KW  - GRAPH algorithms
KW  - Collaboration graph
KW  - Deterministic static model
KW  - Random networks
KW  - Scale-free networks
N1  - Accession Number: 13334089; Dangalchev, Chavdar 1; Email Address: dangalchev@hotmail.com; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 160 Van Giesen Str., ap. 212, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 338 Issue 3/4, p659; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: TOPOLOGY; Subject Term: GRAPH algorithms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collaboration graph; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deterministic static model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Random networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scale-free networks; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2004.01.056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hosokawa, S.
AU  - Pilgrim, W.-C.
AU  - Sinn, H.
AU  - Alp, E.E.
T1  - Microscopic dynamics in trivalent liquid Ga
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 350
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
EP  - 264
SN  - 09214526
AB  - The dynamic structure factor <f>S(Q,ω)</f> of liquid Ga was measured at 100°C using high-resolution inelastic X-ray scattering. The obtained spectra clearly demonstrate the existence of longitudinal propagating modes at small <f>Q</f>. The <f>Q</f>-<f>ω</f> relation of the excitations shows a so-called positive dispersion of about 15%, which is much smaller than findings from an inelastic neutron-scattering experiment carried out at higher temperature. The spectra are well reproduced by an analysis using memory function formalism with two viscous decay channels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - Inelastic X-ray scattering
KW  - Liquid metal
KW  - Phonon dispersion
N1  - Accession Number: 13922217; Hosokawa, S. 1; Email Address: hosokawa@mailer.uni-marburg.de Pilgrim, W.-C. 1 Sinn, H. 2 Alp, E.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Physikalische-, Kern- und Makromolekulare Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany  2: SRI-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 350 Issue 1-3, p262; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonon dispersion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.04.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baurceanu, R.M.
AU  - Dorris, S.E.
AU  - Wiencek, T.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Koritala, R.E.
AU  - Maroni, V.A.
AU  - Venkataraman, K.
AU  - Mika, M.
AU  - Balachandran, U.
T1  - Optimum copper content of silver for YBa2Cu3O<f>7-δ</f> (YBCO) coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 406
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 175
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Several Ag–Cu alloys (0–0.25 at.% Cu) were studied as potential substrates for the direct pulsed laser deposition of YBCO without intermediate buffer layer. The microstructural characteristics of films and substrates were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, whereas the superconducting properties of the films were determined by inductive and transport methods. The properties of the YBCO films were significantly influenced by small concentrations of Cu in the substrate; YBCO films on a substrate with 0.2 at.% Cu exhibited the best superconducting properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - SILVER
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Ag–Cu substrates
KW  - Pulsed laser deposition
KW  - Thin films
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 13388961; Baurceanu, R.M. 1; Email Address: baurceanu@anl.gov Dorris, S.E. 1 Wiencek, T. 1 Ma, B. 1 Koritala, R.E. 1 Maroni, V.A. 2 Venkataraman, K. 2 Mika, M. 1 Balachandran, U. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, EL 212, G-225, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Chemical Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 406 Issue 3/4, p169; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ag–Cu substrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed laser deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.04.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jankowski, Alan F.
AU  - Saw, Cheng K.
T1  - Diffusion in Ni/CrMo composition-modulated films
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 124
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The diffusivity in a Ni–Cr–Mo alloy is determined using a composition-modulated structure of alternating Ni and Cr–Mo layers. The decay of the composition modulation is measured using X-ray diffraction and analyzed through the microscopic theory of diffusion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - Alloy
KW  - Composition-modulation
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Multilayers
N1  - Accession Number: 13181167; Jankowski, Alan F.; Email Address: jankowski1@llnl.gov Saw, Cheng K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science, P.O. Box 808, L-352, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p119; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition-modulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.03.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wesseling, P.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Wang, W.H.
AU  - Lewandowski, J.J.
T1  - Preliminary assessment of flow, notch toughness, and high temperature behavior of Cu60Zr20Hf10Ti10 bulk metallic glass
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 154
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Microhardness, hot hardness, uniaxial compression, and notched bending experiments were conducted on Cu60Zr20Hf10Ti10 bulk metallic glass (BMG). This Cu-based BMG possesses near theoretical strength but essentially zero compressive ductility at room temperature. Notch toughness values in excess of 65 MPa <f>√</f>m were obtained, while significant softening was obtained near <f>Tg</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROHARDNESS
KW  - HARDNESS
KW  - BENDING (Metalwork)
KW  - METALWORK
KW  - Copper alloys
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Metallic glasses
KW  - Toughness
N1  - Accession Number: 13181173; Wesseling, P. 1 Nieh, T.G. 2 Wang, W.H. 3 Lewandowski, J.J. 1,4; Email Address: jjl3@cwru.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, 44106 Cleveland, OH, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, 100080 Beijing, China  4: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p151; Subject Term: MICROHARDNESS; Subject Term: HARDNESS; Subject Term: BENDING (Metalwork); Subject Term: METALWORK; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toughness; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.03.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ludtka, G.M.
AU  - Jaramillo, R.A.
AU  - Kisner, R.A.
AU  - Nicholson, D.M.
AU  - Wilgen, J.B.
AU  - Mackiewicz-Ludtka, G.
AU  - Kalu, P.N.
T1  - In situ evidence of enhanced transformation kinetics in a medium carbon steel due to a high magnetic field
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 174
SN  - 13596462
AB  - A medium carbon steel was cooled from 850 °C at various rates with and without a 30-T magnetic field. Due to the magnetic field, the onset of thermal recalescence associated with the release of latent heat showed 70–90 °C increase, indicating acceleration in austenite decomposition. The relative shift was cooling rate dependent. Microstructural examination revealed increased ferrite content and corroborated temperature measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON steel
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - Austenite decomposition
KW  - Magnetic field
KW  - Phase transformation kinetics
KW  - Steels
N1  - Accession Number: 13181177; Ludtka, G.M. 1 Jaramillo, R.A. 1; Email Address: jaramillora@ornl.gov Kisner, R.A. 2 Nicholson, D.M. 3 Wilgen, J.B. 2 Mackiewicz-Ludtka, G. 1 Kalu, P.N. 4; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.B. 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Engineering Science and Technology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Computer Science and Mathematics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: FAMU-FSU, College of Engineering and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p171; Subject Term: CARBON steel; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Austenite decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformation kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steels; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.03.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramirez, A.P.
AU  - Lawes, G.
AU  - Li, D.
AU  - Subramanian, M.A.
T1  - Valence-electron transfer and a metal-insulator transition in a strongly correlated perovskite oxide
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/07/15/
VL  - 131
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We present transport and thermal data for the quadruple-perovskites MCu3(Ti1−xRux)4O12, where <f>0<x<1.</f> A metal-insulator transition (MIT) occurs for Ru concentrations <f>x∼0.75.</f> At the same time, the Cu2+ antiferromagnetic state is destroyed and it''s magnetic entropy suppressed by Ru on a 1:1 basis. This implies that each Ru transfers an electron to a Cu ion and thus the MIT correlates with filling the Cu 3d shell. The Cu spin entropy in this strongly correlated electron material provides a unique probe among MIT systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - 71.28.+d
KW  - A. Cuprates
KW  - A. Ruthenates
KW  - D. Metal-insulator transition
N1  - Accession Number: 13590180; Ramirez, A.P. 1; Email Address: apr@lucent.com Lawes, G. 2 Li, D. 3 Subramanian, M.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Dupont Central Research and Development, Experimental Station, Wilmington, DE 19880-0328, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 131 Issue 3/4, p251; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.28.+d; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Cuprates; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Ruthenates; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Metal-insulator transition; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.04.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oda, Kenji
AU  - Ogura, Takashi
AU  - Appelman, Evan H.
AU  - Yoshikawa, Shinya
T1  - The intrinsic stability of the second intermediate following the dioxygen-bound form in the O2 reduction by cytochrome c oxidase
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/16/
VL  - 570
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 165
SN  - 00145793
AB  - Aeration of a two-electron reduced cytochrome c oxidase provides a species with two Raman bands at 804 and 356 cm-1, identifying it as the second intermediate following the O2-bound species in the enzymatic O2 reduction process. It degrades directly to the fully oxidized form with a half-life time of 70 min at pH 8.0. The stability suggests an effective insulation for the active site in an extremely high oxidation state (Fe4+ with one oxidative equivalent nearby) against spontaneous electron leaks, which would dissipate proton motive force. The formation and degradation of the second intermediate are pH-dependent. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - HEMOPROTEINS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL pigments
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - CcO, cytochrome c oxidase
KW  - Cytochrome c oxidase
KW  - FO, fully oxidized
KW  - FR, fully reduced
KW  - MV, mixed-valence
KW  - Oxygen activation
KW  - P intermediate
KW  - Proton pump
KW  - Resonance Raman
KW  - RR, resonance Raman
KW  - TR3, time-resolved resonance Raman
N1  - Accession Number: 13704204; Oda, Kenji 1,2 Ogura, Takashi 1,2; Email Address: ogura@sci.u-hyogo.ac.jp Appelman, Evan H. 3 Yoshikawa, Shinya 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan  2: Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Koto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 570 Issue 1-3, p161; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: HEMOPROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL pigments; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: CcO, cytochrome c oxidase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome c oxidase; Author-Supplied Keyword: FO, fully oxidized; Author-Supplied Keyword: FR, fully reduced; Author-Supplied Keyword: MV, mixed-valence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: P intermediate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton pump; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonance Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: RR, resonance Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: TR3, time-resolved resonance Raman; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.06.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pokkuluri, P. Raj
AU  - Laible, Philip D.
AU  - Crawford, Adam E.
AU  - Mayfield, Joy F.
AU  - Yousef, Mohammed A.
AU  - Ginell, Stephan L.
AU  - Hanson, Deborah K.
AU  - Schiffer, Marianne
T1  - Temperature and cryoprotectant influence secondary quinone binding position in bacterial reaction centers
JO  - FEBS Letters
JF  - FEBS Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/16/
VL  - 570
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 174
SN  - 00145793
AB  - We have determined the first de novo position of the secondary quinone QB in the Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center (RC) using phases derived by the single wavelength anomalous dispersion method from crystals with selenomethionine substitution. We found that in frozen RC crystals, QB occupies primarily the proximal binding site. In contrast, our room temperature structure showed that QB is largely in the distal position. Both data sets were collected in dark-adapted conditions. We estimate that the occupancy of the QB site is 80% with a proximal: distal ratio of 4:1 in frozen RC crystals. We could not separate the effect of freezing from the effect of the cryoprotectants ethylene glycol or glycerol. These results could have far-reaching implications in structure/function studies of electron transfer in the acceptor quinone complex because the above are the most commonly used cryoprotectants in spectroscopic experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEBS Letters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - Cryoprotection
KW  - Quinone
KW  - Reaction center structure
KW  - Selenomethionine
KW  - Single wavelength anomalous dispersion
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13704206; Pokkuluri, P. Raj 1 Laible, Philip D. 1 Crawford, Adam E. 1 Mayfield, Joy F. 1 Yousef, Mohammed A. 1 Ginell, Stephan L. 1 Hanson, Deborah K. 1 Schiffer, Marianne; Email Address: mschiffer@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 570 Issue 1-3, p171; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cryoprotection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quinone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction center structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selenomethionine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single wavelength anomalous dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.06.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yi Xing
AU  - Dan Liu
AU  - Rongguang Zhang
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Zhou Songyang
AU  - Wenqing Xu
T1  - Structural Basis of Membrane Targeting by the Phox Homology Domain of Cytokine-independent Survival Kinase (CISK-PX).
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/16/
VL  - 279
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 30662
EP  - 30669
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The cytokine-independent survival kinase (CISK) in the serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase family plays an important role in mediating cell growth and survival. N-terminal to its catalytic kinase domain, CISK contains a phox homology (PX) domain, a phosphoinositide-binding motif that directs the membrane localization of CISK and regulates CISK activity. We have determined the crystal structures of the mouse CISK-PX domain to unravel the structural basis of membrane targeting of CISK. In addition to the specific interactions conferred by the phosphoinositide-binding pocket, the structure suggests that a hydrophobic loop region and a hydrophilic β-turn contribute to the interactions with the membrane. Furthermore, biochemical studies reveal that CISK-PX dimerizes in the presence of the linker between the PX domain and kinase domain, suggesting a multivalent mechanism in membrane localization of CISK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
KW  - CYTOKINES
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - PHOSPHOINOSITIDES
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPIDS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14170674; Yi Xing 1 Dan Liu 2 Rongguang Zhang 3 Joachimiak, Andrzej 3 Zhou Songyang 2 Wenqing Xu 1; Email Address: wxu@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle  2: Verna and Marrs Mclean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  3: Bioscience Division/Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: 7/16/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 29, p30662; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Subject Term: CYTOKINES; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: PHOSPHOINOSITIDES; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPIDS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M404107200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sabine, Christopher L.
AU  - Feely, Richard A.
AU  - Gruber, Nicolas
AU  - Key, Robert M.
AU  - Lee, Kitack
AU  - Bullister, John L.
AU  - Wanninkhof, Rik
AU  - Wong, C. S.
AU  - Wallace, Douglas W. R.
AU  - Tilbrook, Bronte
AU  - Millero, Frank J.
AU  - Peng, Tsung-Hung
AU  - Kozyr, Alexander
AU  - Ono, Tsueno
AU  - Rios, Aida F.
T1  - The Oceanic Sink for Anthropogenic CO2.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/16/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5682
M3  - Article
SP  - 367
EP  - 371
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Using inorganic carbon measurements from an international survey effort in the 1990s and a tracer-based separation technique, we estimate a global oceanic anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO[sub 2]) sink for the period from 1800 to 1994 of 118 ± 19 petagrams of carbon. The oceanic sink accounts for ∼48% of the total fossil-fuel and cement-manufacturing emissions, implying that the terrestrial biosphere was a net source of CO[sub 2] to the atmosphere of about 39 ± 28 petagrams of carbon for this period. The current fraction of total anthropogenic CO[sub 2] emissions stored in the ocean appears to be about one-third of the long-term potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTHROPOGENIC soils
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - TRACERS (Chemistry)
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13940326; Sabine, Christopher L. 1; Email Address: chris.sabine@noaa.gov Feely, Richard A. 1 Gruber, Nicolas 2 Key, Robert M. 3 Lee, Kitack 4 Bullister, John L. 1 Wanninkhof, Rik 5 Wong, C. S. 6 Wallace, Douglas W. R. 7 Tilbrook, Bronte 8 Millero, Frank J. 9 Peng, Tsung-Hung 5 Kozyr, Alexander 10 Ono, Tsueno 11 Rios, Aida F. 12; Affiliation:  1: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.  2: University of California-Los Angeles, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.  3: Princeton University, Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Forrestal Campus/Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.  4: Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Nam-gu, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, South Korea.  5: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA.  6: Institute of Ocean Sciences, Climate Chemistry Laboratory, Post Office Box 6000, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.  7: Forschungsbereich Marine Biogeochemie, Leibniz Institut für Meereswissenschafte, an der Universität Kiel, (IFM-CEOMAR), Düstembrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.  8: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Marine Research and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystem Cooperative Research Center, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.  9: University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA.  10: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Mail Stop 6335, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA.  11: Frontier Research System for Global Change/Institute for Global Change Research, Sumitomo Hamamatsu-cho, Building 4F, 1-18-16 Hamamatsutyo, Minato-ku, 105-0013, Japan.  12: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigations Cientificas, c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.; Source Info: 7/16/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5682, p367; Subject Term: ANTHROPOGENIC soils; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: TRACERS (Chemistry); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4485
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Derek J.
AU  - Lapedes, Alan S.
AU  - de Jong, Jan C.
AU  - Bestebroer, Theo M.
AU  - Rimmelzwaan, Guus F.
AU  - Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
AU  - Fouchier, Ron A. M.
T1  - Mapping the Antigenic and Genetic Evolution of Influenza Virus.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/16/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5682
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 376
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The antigenic evolution of influenza A (H3N2) virus was quantified and visualized from its introduction into humans in 1968 to 2003. Although there was remarkable correspondence between antigenic and genetic evolution, significant differences were observed: Antigenic evolution was more punctuated than genetic evolution, and genetic change sometimes had a disproportionately large antigenic effect. The method readily allows monitoring of antigenic differences among vaccine and circulating strains and thus estimation of the effects of vaccination. Further, this approach offers a route to predicting the relative success of emerging strains, which could be achieved by quantifying the combined effects of population level immune escape and viral fitness on strain evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESPIRATORY infections
KW  - VIRUS diseases
KW  - INFLUENZA viruses
KW  - PREVENTIVE medicine
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention
KW  - VACCINATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13940327; Smith, Derek J. 1,2; Email Address: dsmith@zoo.cam.ac.uk Lapedes, Alan S. 3 de Jong, Jan C. 2 Bestebroer, Theo M. 2 Rimmelzwaan, Guus F. 2 Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E. 2 Fouchier, Ron A. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Zoology. University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.  2: National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015CE Rotterdam, Netherlands.  3: Theoretical Division, T-13, MS B213, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 7/16/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5682, p371; Subject Term: RESPIRATORY infections; Subject Term: VIRUS diseases; Subject Term: INFLUENZA viruses; Subject Term: PREVENTIVE medicine; Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases -- Prevention; Subject Term: VACCINATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4957
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - KNakazek, G.N.
AU  - Wigen, P.E.
AU  - guslienko, K. Yu.
AU  - Novosad, V.
AU  - Slavin, A.N.
AU  - Golub, V.O.
AU  - Lesnik, N.Aa.
AU  - Otani, Y.
T1  - Spin-wave spectra of perpendicularly magnetized circular submicron dot arrays.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/19/
VL  - 85
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
EP  - 445
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Dynamic microwave properties of arrays of circular Ni and Ni81Fe19 dots were studied by X-band ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) technique. All of the dots had the same radius 0.5 μm, thickness 50–70 nm, and were arranged into rectangular or square array with different interdot separations. In the case of perpendicular magnetization multiple (up to 8) sharp resonance peaks were observed below the main FMR peak, and the relative positions of these peaks were independent of the interdot separations. Quantitative description of the observed multiresonance FMR spectra is given using the dipole-exchange spin wave dispersion equation for a perpendicularly magnetized film where in-plane wave vector is quantized due to the finite dot radius, and the inhomogenetiy of the intradot static demagnetization field in the nonellipsoidal dot is taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPIN waves
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - ELECTRIC waves
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 13791193; KNakazek, G.N. 1; Email Address: kakazey.1@osu.edu Wigen, P.E. 1 guslienko, K. Yu. 2 Novosad, V. 2 Slavin, A.N. 3 Golub, V.O. 4 Lesnik, N.Aa. 5 Otani, Y. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Ohio  2: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  3: Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan  4: Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, Louisiana  5: Institute of Magnetism NAS of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine  6: Frontier Research System, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan; Source Info: 7/19/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 3, p443; Subject Term: SPIN waves; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC waves; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC resonance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1772868
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yin, L.
AU  - Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K.
AU  - Rydh, A.
AU  - Pearson, J.
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Chang, S.-H.
AU  - Gray, S.K.
AU  - Schatz, G.C.
AU  - Brown, D.B.
AU  - Kimball, C.W.
T1  - Surface plasmons at single nanoholes in Au films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/19/
VL  - 85
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 469
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The generation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at isolated nanoholes in 100 nm thick Au films is studied using near-field scanning optical microscopy. Finite-difference time-domain calculations, some explicitly including a model of the scanning tip, are used to interpret the results. We find the holes act as point-like sources of SPPs and demonstrate that the interference between the SPP and a directly transmitted wave allows determination of the wavelength, phase, and decay length of the SPP. The near-field intensity patterns can be manipulated by varying the angle and polarization of the incident beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE plasmon resonance
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - OPTICAL detectors
KW  - GOLD films
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
N1  - Accession Number: 13791185; Yin, L. 1 Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K. 1 Rydh, A. 1 Pearson, J. 1 Welp, U. 1; Email Address: welp@anl.gov Chang, S.-H. 2 Gray, S.K. 2 Schatz, G.C. 3 Brown, D.B. 4 Kimball, C.W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Material Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois  3: Chemistry Division, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois  4: Physics Department, Northern Illinois University, Evanston, Illinois; Source Info: 7/19/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 3, p467; Subject Term: SURFACE plasmon resonance; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL detectors; Subject Term: GOLD films; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1773362
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ganguly, G.
AU  - Carlson, D.E.
AU  - Hegedus, S.S.
AU  - Ryan, D.
AU  - Gordon, R.G.
AU  - Pang, D.
AU  - Reedy, R.C.
T1  - Improved fill factors in amorphous silicon solar cells on zinc oxide by insertion of a germanium layer to block impurity incorporation.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/19/
VL  - 85
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 479
EP  - 481
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Amorphous silicon based solar cells deposited on zinc oxide (ZnO) exhibit reduced fill factor and open circuit voltage in comparison with tin oxide (SnO2). One approach has been to use higher conductivity nanocrystalline layers to overcome the “higher contact resistance.” Recent measurements have found the ZnO–p-layer contact resistance to be unchanged relative to SnO2, while instead, the diode ideality factor is poorer on ZnO. We show that the insertion of a thin, amorphous germanium layer at the ZnO–p-layer interface improves the cell performance and diode ideality factor by suppression of oxygen and zinc incorporation in the silicon layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMORPHOUS semiconductors
KW  - SILICON solar cells
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS -- Impurity distribution
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
N1  - Accession Number: 13791181; Ganguly, G. 1 Carlson, D.E. 1 Hegedus, S.S. 2 Ryan, D. 2 Gordon, R.G. 3 Pang, D. 3 Reedy, R.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: BP Solar, Toano, Virginia  2: Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware  3: Department of Chemistry and C hemical Biology, Harvard University  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Source Info: 7/19/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 3, p479; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS semiconductors; Subject Term: SILICON solar cells; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS -- Impurity distribution; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1773372
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graetz, J.
AU  - Reilly, J.J.
AU  - Johnson, J.
AU  - Ignatov, A. Yu.
AU  - Tyson, T.A.
T1  - X-ray absorption study of Ti-activated sodium aluminum hydride.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/19/
VL  - 85
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 500
EP  - 502
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Ti K-edge x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy was used to explore the Ti valence and coordination in Ti-activated sodium alanate. An empirical relationship was established between the Ti valence and the Ti K-edge onset based on a set of standards. This relationship was used to estimate oxidation states of the titanium catalyst in 2 and 4 mol % Ti-doped NaAlH4. The results demonstrate that the formal titanium valence is zero in doped sodium alanate and nearly invariant during hydrogen cycling. A qualitative comparison of the edge fine structure suggests that the Ti is present on the surface in the form of amorphous TiAl3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SODIUM hydride
KW  - HYDRIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 13791175; Graetz, J. 1; Email Address: graetz@bnl.gov Reilly, J.J. 1 Johnson, J. 1 Ignatov, A. Yu. 2 Tyson, T.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  2: Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey; Source Info: 7/19/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 3, p500; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SODIUM hydride; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1773614
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gu, Weiwei
AU  - Seravalli, Javier
AU  - Ragsdale, Stephen W.
AU  - Cramer, Stephen P.
T1  - CO-Induced Structural Rearrangement of the C Cluster in Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans CO Dehydrogenase--Evidence from Ni K-Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/20/
VL  - 43
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 9029
EP  - 9035
SN  - 00062960
AB  - We have examined the C cluster in type II CO dehydrogenase (CODH) from Carboxydothermus hydrogenformans using Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The enzyme was studied under three conditions: "as-isolated" and after treatment with CO or TiIII. The shape of the Ni K-edge changes slightly between the different conditions, but no significant edge shift is seen, suggesting that the C cluster contains NiII in both forms. The Ni EXAFS of as-isolated CODH can be simulated with 4 Ni-S interactions at 2.20 Å with a large spread in distances. A light atom (C, N, O) is not required to fit the spectrum. After CO treatment, significant changes are observed in the EXAFS. A new feature appears at ∼2.7 Å this component is consistent with a Ni-Fe interaction. The average Ni-S distance also expands to ∼2.25 Å. The changes between the two forms suggest that the active site (C cluster) undergoes structural rearrangement after CO treatment, and the observed changes help reconcile the two different crystal structures. The implications of the structural change for the enzyme activation and mechanism are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - ENZYME activation
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14001030; Gu, Weiwei 1,2 Seravalli, Javier 3 Ragsdale, Stephen W. 3 Cramer, Stephen P. 1,2,3; Email Address: crarner@lbl.gov.; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616  3: Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588; Source Info: 7/20/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 28, p9029; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: ENZYME activation; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bitterwolf, Thomas E.
AU  - David Newell, J.
AU  - Carver, Colin T.
AU  - Shane Addleman, R.
AU  - Linehan, John C.
AU  - Fryxell, Glen
T1  - Rhodium catalysts bound to functionalized mesoporous silica
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/07/20/
VL  - 357
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3001
EP  - 3006
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Phosphine and amine functionalized mesoporous silica materials were metallated with Rh(CO)2(i-Pr2NH)Cl or Rh2(CO)4Cl2, respectively, to yield catalysts containing the Rh(PPh2R)2(CO)Cl or Rh(CO)2(NH2R)Cl, where R is a propyl chain bonded to the silica surface, reactive centers. In order to ascertain the effect of pore size on rates of hydroformylation catalysis both 35 and 45 Å pore size materials were used. Using the hydroformylation of octene as a reference reaction, the phosphine based, 45 Å catalysts were 1.5–1.3 times faster than the amine based, 45 Å catalysts, and the 45 Å materials were 2.6–2.1 times faster than the 35 Å materials. The orientation of the catalyst relative to the functionalized surface, and the steric environment around the catalyst active site appear to be significant in determining rate of reaction. The ability of the surface bound phosphine catalysts to affect hydroformylation was strongly influenced by the steric constraints of the substrate. Terminal alkenes were readily hydroformylated and norbornene was slowly hydroformylated, but pinene, trans-cyclododecene, cyclohexene and cholesterol were nonreactive to the catalytic center. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHODIUM
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - Hydroformylation
KW  - Mesoporous silica
KW  - Rhodium catalysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13805836; Bitterwolf, Thomas E. 1; Email Address: bitterte@uidaho.edu David Newell, J. 1 Carver, Colin T. 1 Shane Addleman, R. 2 Linehan, John C. 2 Fryxell, Glen 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Rayburn Street, Moscow, ID 83844-2343, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 357 Issue 10, p3001; Subject Term: RHODIUM; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: OXIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroformylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoporous silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodium catalysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ica.2004.05.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail
AU  - Wendroff, Burton
T1  - The repair paradigm and application to conservation laws
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/20/
VL  - 198
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
EP  - 277
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Repair is a conservative, post-processing procedure to be used in numerical methods for hyperbolic conservation laws in order to preserve certain qualitative characteristics of the numerical solution, such as positivity of density and internal energy, by means of redistribution of conserved quantities such as mass, momentum and total energy among the cells of the mesh. In this paper we describe the repair paradigm and prove several theorems which form a theoretical foundation for the repair procedures. We consider two applications of repair and present corresponding numerical results. The first application deals with improving properties of the remapping (conservative interpolation) stage of arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) methods for the gas dynamics equations, in which the solution is conservatively transferred from one mesh to another. One requirement for remapping is that the interpolated density and internal energy on the new mesh have to stay positive. Another desirable property is that the remapping procedure should not create new extrema for the velocity field. For various reasons these properties may not be satisfied, especially for high-order methods. Repair plays a supplemental role by bringing gas dynamics quantities into physically justified bounds. Another application of repair is to improve the quality of numerical methods for advection of some scalar tracer field with prescribed divergence-free velocity field, in which case the advection equation can be written as a conservation law, and therefore the total amount of tracer is conserved. We show how the repair procedure allows us to reduce oscillations in a numerical solution obtained by a formally high-order method. Repair offers an alternative to more classical methods of reducing oscillations and maintaining positivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONSERVATION laws (Physics)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ANALYTICAL mechanics
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - Advection
KW  - Mass redistribution
KW  - Remapping
KW  - Repair
N1  - Accession Number: 13626035; Shashkov, Mikhail; Email Address: misha@t7.lanl.gov Wendroff, Burton 1; Email Address: bbw@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 198 Issue 1, p265; Subject Term: CONSERVATION laws (Physics); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL mechanics; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Advection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass redistribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remapping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Repair; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.01.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiang, Ji
AU  - Furman, Miguel A.
AU  - Ryne, Robert D.
T1  - A parallel particle-in-cell model for beam–beam interaction in high energy ring colliders
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/20/
VL  - 198
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 278
EP  - 294
SN  - 00219991
AB  - In this paper we present a self-consistent simulation model of colliding beams in high energy ring colliders. The model, which is based on a particle-in-cell method, uses a new developed shifted effective Green function algorithm for the efficient calculation of the beam–beam interaction with arbitrary separation and large aspect ratio. The model uses transfer maps to treat the external focusing elements and a stochastic map to treat radiation damping and quantum excitation of the beams. In the parallel implementation we studied various strategies to deal with the particular nature of the colliding beam system – a system in which there can be significant particle movement between beam–beam collisions. We chose a particle-field decomposition approach instead of the conventional domain decomposition or particle decomposition approach. The particle-field approach leads to good load balance, reduced communication cost, and shows the best scalability on an IBM SP3 among the three parallel implementations we studied. A performance test of the beam–beam model on a Cray T3E, IBM SP3, and a PC cluster is presented. As an application, we studied the flip–flop instability in an electron–positron collider. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - POSITRONS
KW  - RADIATION damping
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 13626036; Qiang, Ji; Email Address: jqiang@lbl.gov Furman, Miguel A. 1 Ryne, Robert D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Accelerator and Fusion Research Division, Ms 71 J-100, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 198 Issue 1, p278; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: POSITRONS; Subject Term: RADIATION damping; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.01.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Shengtai
AU  - Petzold, Linda
T1  - Adjoint sensitivity analysis for time-dependent partial differential equations with adaptive mesh refinement
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/20/
VL  - 198
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 310
EP  - 325
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A new adjoint sensitivity analysis approach is presented for time-dependent partial differential equations with adaptive mesh refinement. The new approach, called ADDA, combines the best features of both the adjoint of the discretization (AD) and discretization of the adjoint (DA) approaches. It removes the obstacles of applying AD to adaptive methods and, in contrast to DA, requires for its use only a minimal amount of knowledge about the formulation of adjoint PDEs and their boundary conditions. The effectiveness and efficiency of ADDA are demonstrated for several numerical examples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - Adaptive mesh method
KW  - Adjoint method
KW  - Adjoint PDE
KW  - Continuous approach
KW  - Discrete approach
KW  - Partial differential equations
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13626038; Li, Shengtai 1 Petzold, Linda 2; Email Address: petzold@engineering.ucsb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87544, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5070, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 198 Issue 1, p310; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive mesh method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adjoint method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adjoint PDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Continuous approach; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete approach; Author-Supplied Keyword: Partial differential equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensitivity analysis; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.01.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helfenbein, Kevin G.
AU  - Fourcade, H. Matthew
AU  - Vanjani, Rohit G.
AU  - Jeffrey L.Boore
T1  - The mitochondrial genome of Paraspadella gotoi is highly reduced and reveals that chaetognaths are a sister group to protostomes.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/07/20/
VL  - 101
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 10639
EP  - 10643
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We report the complete mtDNA sequence from a member of the phylum Chaetognatha (arrow worms) The Paraspadella gotoi mtDNA is highly unusual, missing 23 of the genes commonly found in animal mtDNAs, including atp6, which has otherwise been found universally to be present. Its 14 genes are unusually arranged into two groups, one on each strand. One group is punctuated by numerous noncoding intergenic nucleotides although the other group is tightly packed, having no noncoding nucleotides, leading to speculation that there are two transcription units with differing modes of expression. The phylogenetic position of the Chaetognatha within the Metazoa has long been uncertain, with conflicting or equivocal results from various morphological analyses and rRNA sequence comparisons. Comparisons here of amino acid sequences from mitochondrially encoded proteins give a single most parsimonious tree that supports a position of Chaetognatha as sister to the protostomes studied here. From this analysis, one can more clearly interpret the patterns of evolution of various developmental features, especially regarding the embryological fate of the blastopore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - CHAETOGNATHA
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - MITOCHONDRIA
N1  - Accession Number: 14255835; Helfenbein, Kevin G. 1,2 Fourcade, H. Matthew 2 Vanjani, Rohit G. 1 Jeffrey L.Boore 1,2,3; Email Address: jlboore@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, University of Michigan, 830 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Ml 48109.  2: Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598.  3: Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 7/20/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 29, p10639; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: CHAETOGNATHA; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIA; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0400941101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyman, P.F.
AU  - Walko, D.A.
AU  - Marasco, D.L.
AU  - Hutchason, H.L.
AU  - Keeffe, M.E.
AU  - Montano, P.A.
AU  - Bedzyk, M.J.
T1  - Adsorption sites of Te on Si(0 0 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/07/20/
VL  - 561
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 248
EP  - 260
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Using multiple surface science techniques, we have investigated the structure of 0.3–1 Te monolayers adsorbed on Si(0 0 1). X-ray standing waves, low-energy electron diffraction, temperature-programmed desorption, and Auger electron spectroscopy show a relatively poorly-ordered surface. The disorder is due to two nearly degenerate Te adsorption sites, which tends to double the periodicity along one direction of the surface and reduces adatom/substrate mismatch by slightly increasing the separation of adjacent Te atoms. High-temperature anneals around 575 °C increase the degree of local and long-range order, while leaving the average local structure unchanged. Our findings are consistent with recent ab initio molecular dynamics simulations but not with experimental studies wherein surfaces were prepared by desorption of CdTe films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - CHALCOGENS
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - and topography
KW  - Chalcogens
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Thermal desorption spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray standing waves
N1  - Accession Number: 13624332; Lyman, P.F. 1,2; Email Address: plyman@uwm.edu Walko, D.A. 1,3 Marasco, D.L. 1 Hutchason, H.L. 1 Keeffe, M.E. 1 Montano, P.A. 4,5 Bedzyk, M.J. 1,4; Email Address: bedzyk@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA  3: MHATT-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 561 Issue 2/3, p248; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: CHALCOGENS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chalcogens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray standing waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.05.071
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanai, Takeshi
AU  - Tew, David P.
AU  - Handy, Nicholas C.
T1  - A new hybrid exchange–correlation functional using the Coulomb-attenuating method (CAM-B3LYP)
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/21/
VL  - 393
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 57
SN  - 00092614
AB  - A new hybrid exchange–correlation functional named CAM-B3LYP is proposed. It combines the hybrid qualities of B3LYP and the long-range correction presented by Tawada et al. [J. Chem. Phys., in press]. We demonstrate that CAM-B3LYP yields atomization energies of similar quality to those from B3LYP, while also performing well for charge transfer excitations in a dipeptide model, which B3LYP underestimates enormously. The CAM-B3LYP functional comprises of 0.19 Hartree–Fock (HF) plus 0.81 Becke 1988 (B88) exchange interaction at short-range, and 0.65 HF plus 0.35 B88 at long-range. The intermediate region is smoothly described through the standard error function with parameter 0.33. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCHANGE reactions
KW  - ATTENUATION (Physics)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13703607; Yanai, Takeshi 1; Email Address: yanait@ornl.gov Tew, David P. 2 Handy, Nicholas C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS6367, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 393 Issue 1-3, p51; Subject Term: EXCHANGE reactions; Subject Term: ATTENUATION (Physics); Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nemykin, Victor N.
AU  - Laskin, Julia
AU  - Basu, Partha
T1  - Isolation, Characterization of an Intermediate in an Oxygen Atom-Transfer Reaction, and the Determination of the Bond Dissociation Energy.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/07/21/
VL  - 126
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 8604
EP  - 8605
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Redox reactions coupled with the formal loss or gain of an oxygen atom are ubiquitous in chemical processes. Such reactions proceed through the reduction of the donor center and the oxidation of the acceptor molecule. Among many examples of the metal-centered oxygen atom transfer (OAT) reactivity, those involving molybdenum complexes have been widely investigated due to their involvement in mononuclear molybdenum enzymes. It has recently become apparent that the OAT reactions from many cores proceed via multiple steps.
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - ENZYMES
N1  - Accession Number: 13950829; Nemykin, Victor N. 1 Laskin, Julia 2; Email Address: basu@duq.edu Basu, Partha 2; Email Address: Julia.Laskin@ipnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 7/21/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 28, p8604; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: ENZYMES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Court, G.R.
AU  - Houlden, M.A.
AU  - Bültmann, S.
AU  - Crabb, D.G.
AU  - Day, D.B.
AU  - Prok, Y.A.
AU  - Penttila, S.I.
AU  - Keith, C.D.
T1  - High precision measurement of the polarization in solid state polarized targets using NMR
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07/21/
VL  - 527
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 263
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The factors are reviewed that can affect the systematic uncertainties in CW-NMR measurements of the polarization in solid state polarized targets. The main problem with large signals, typically obtained with protons, is non-linearity arising from failure of the constant RF drive current assumption. The non-linearity can be reduced by operation at lower than normal signal levels. With the much smaller size deuteron signals, a limiting factor may be the instability of the background signal generated by the resonant length cable, used in the standard system. A new system is demonstrated, using non-resonant length cables, which is expected to reduce these uncertainties to a low level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZED targets (Nuclear physics)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - Nuclear magnetic resonance
KW  - Polarization
KW  - Polarized target
N1  - Accession Number: 13624388; Court, G.R. 1 Houlden, M.A. 1 Bültmann, S. 2 Crabb, D.G. 2; Email Address: dgc3q@virginia.edu Day, D.B. 2 Prok, Y.A. 2 Penttila, S.I. 3 Keith, C.D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Liverpool University, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK  2: Physics Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 527 Issue 3, p253; Subject Term: POLARIZED targets (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: PROTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarized target; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.02.041
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13624388&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muhrer, G.
AU  - Pitcher, E.J.
AU  - Russell, G.J.
AU  - Ino, T.
AU  - Ooi, M.
AU  - Kiyanagi, Y.
T1  - Comparison of the measured thermal neutron beam characteristics at the Lujan center with Monte Carlo transport calculations
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07/21/
VL  - 527
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 542
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In an effort to characterize the moderators at the Manuel Lujan Center spallation neutron source, Los Alamos, USA, we measured the thermal spectrum and the absolute thermal flux on several of the beamlines. In a second step, we then compared these measurements to results gained from Monte Carlo transport calculations which simulated these experiments. In this paper, we will present the comparison of the measurements with these simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON beams
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MCNPX
KW  - Moderators
KW  - Thermal neutron spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 13624408; Muhrer, G. 1; Email Address: muhrer@lanl.gov Pitcher, E.J. 1 Russell, G.J. 1 Ino, T. 2 Ooi, M. 3 Kiyanagi, Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANSCE-12, Mailstop H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan  3: Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 527 Issue 3, p531; Subject Term: NEUTRON beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCNPX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moderators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal neutron spectra; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.191
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmid, G.J.
AU  - Koch, J.A.
AU  - Lerche, R.A.
AU  - Moran, M.J.
T1  - A neutron sensor based on single crystal CVD diamond
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/07/21/
VL  - 527
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 554
EP  - 561
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report the first neutron data for a single crystal Chemical Vapor Deposition diamond sensor. Results are presented for 2.5, 14.1, and 14.9 MeV incident neutrons. We show that the energy resolution for 14.1 MeV neutrons is at least 2.9% (as limited by the energy spread of the incident neutrons), and perhaps as good as 0.4% (as extrapolated from high resolution α-particle data). This result could be relevant to fusion neutron spectroscopy at machines like the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor. We also show that our sensor has a high neutron linear attenuation coefficient, due to the high atomic density of diamond, and this could lead to applications in fission neutron detection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - INDUSTRIAL diamonds
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - Alpha particle spectroscopy
KW  - Fission neutron detection
KW  - Fusion neutron spectroscopy
KW  - ITER
KW  - Radiation detector
KW  - Single crystal CVD diamond
N1  - Accession Number: 13624410; Schmid, G.J.; Email Address: schmid3@llnl.gov Koch, J.A. 1 Lerche, R.A. 1 Moran, M.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 527 Issue 3, p554; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL diamonds; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha particle spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fission neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion neutron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: ITER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal CVD diamond; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.199
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cherry, B.R.
AU  - Alam, T.M.
T1  - Relaxation nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (R-NMRI) of PDMS/PDPS siloxane copolymer desiccation
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/07/21/
VL  - 45
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 5611
EP  - 5618
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Relaxation nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (R-NMRI) was employed to study the effects of desiccation on SiO2-filled and unfilled polydimethylsiloxane–polydiphenylsiloxane (PDMS/PDPS) copolymers. Uniform NMR spin–spin relaxation time <f>(T2)</f> profiles were observed across the sample thickness indicating that the drying process is approximately uniform, and that the desiccation of the silicone copolymer is not a H2O diffusion limited process. In a P2O5 desiccation environment, significant reduction of <f>T2</f> was observed for the SiO2-filled and unfilled copolymer material for desiccation up to 225 days. A very small reduction in <f>T2</f> was observed for the unfilled copolymer between 225 and 487 days. The increase in relative stiffness with desiccation was found to be higher for the unfilled copolymer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance imaging
KW  - SILICON oxide
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - SILICONES
KW  - ORGANOSILICON compounds
KW  - Desiccation
KW  - Imaging
KW  - Siloxanes
N1  - Accession Number: 14102304; Cherry, B.R. 1 Alam, T.M.; Email Address: tmalam@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Organic Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0888, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0888, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 45 Issue 16, p5611; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance imaging; Subject Term: SILICON oxide; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: SILICONES; Subject Term: ORGANOSILICON compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desiccation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Siloxanes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.065
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Johanna L.
AU  - McCunn, Laura R.
AU  - Krisch, Maria J.
AU  - Butler, Laurie J.
AU  - Shu, Jinian
T1  - Dissociation of the ground state vinoxy radical and its photolytic precursor chloroacetaldehyde: Electronic nonadiabaticity and the suppression of the H+ketene channel.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1830
EP  - 1838
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - This work is a study of the competition between the two unimolecular reaction channels available to the vinoxy radical (CH2CHO), C[Single_Bond]H fission to form H+ketene, and isomerization to the acetyl radical (CH3CO) followed by C[Single_Bond]C fission to form CH3+CO. Chloroacetaldehyde (CH2ClCHO) was used as a photolytic precursor to the vinoxy radical in its ground state; photodissociation of chloroacetaldehyde at 193 nm produces vinoxy radicals with internal energies spanning the G3//B3LYP calculated barriers to the two available unimolecular reaction channels. The onset of the CH3+CO channel, via isomerization to the acetyl radical, was found to occur at an internal energy of 41±2 kcal/mol, agreeing well with our calculated isomerization barrier of 40.8 kcal/mol. Branching to the H+ketene channel was too small to be detected; we conclude that the branching to the H+ketene channel must be at least a factor of 200 lower than what is predicted by a RRKM analysis based on our electronic structure calculations. This dramatic result may be explained in part by the presence of a conical intersection at planar geometries along the reaction coordinate leading to H+ketene, which results in electronically nonadiabatic recrossing of the transition state. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ISOMERIZATION
KW  - ISOMERISM
KW  - ACETYLENE
KW  - PHYSICS research
KW  - VINOXY radical
N1  - Accession Number: 13719805; Miller, Johanna L. 1 McCunn, Laura R. 1 Krisch, Maria J. 1 Butler, Laurie J. 2; Email Address: L.-Butler@uchicago.edu Shu, Jinian 3; Affiliation:  1: James Franck Institute; University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637.  2: Department of Chemistry; University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637.  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 7/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 4, p1830; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ISOMERIZATION; Subject Term: ISOMERISM; Subject Term: ACETYLENE; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; Subject Term: VINOXY radical; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1765653
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitchell, Martha C.
AU  - Gallo, Marco
AU  - Nenoff, Tina M.
T1  - Computer simulations of adsorption and diffusion for binary mixtures of methane and hydrogen in titanosilicates.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1910
EP  - 1916
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of equimolar mixtures of hydrogen and methane were performed in three different titanosilicates: naturally occurring zorite and two synthetic titanosilicates, ETS-4 and ETS-10. In addition, single-component MD simulations and adsorption isotherms generated using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations were performed to support the mixture simulations. The goal of this study was to determine the best membrane material to carry out hydrogen/methane separations. ETS-10 has a three-dimensional pore network. ETS-4 and zorite have two-dimensional pore networks. The simulations carried out in this study show that the increased porosity of ETS-10 results in self-diffusion coefficients for both hydrogen and methane that are higher in ETS-10 than in either ETS-4 or zorite. Methane only showed appreciable displacement in ETS-10. The ability of the methane molecules to move in all three directions in ETS-10 was demonstrated by the high degree of isotropy shown in the values of the x, y, and z components of the self-diffusion coefficient for methane in ETS-10. From our simulations we conclude that ETS-10 would be better suited for fast industrial separations of hydrogen and methane. However, the separation would not result in a pure hydrogen stream. In contrast, ETS-4 and zorite would act as true molecular sieves for separations of hydrogen and methane, as the methane would not move through membranes made of these materials. This was indicated by the near-zero self-diffusion coefficient of methane in ETS-4 and zorite. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - METHANE
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - MOLECULAR sieves
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 13719796; Mitchell, Martha C. 1 Gallo, Marco 1 Nenoff, Tina M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, MSC 3805, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003-8001.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0734, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 7/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 4, p1910; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR sieves; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jankowiak
AU  - R.
AU  - Rogan
AU  - E. G.
AU  - Cavalieri
AU  - E. L.
T1  - Role of Fluorescence Line-Narrowing Spectroscopy and Related Luminescence-Based Techniques in the Elucidation of Mechanisms of Tumor Initiation by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Estrogens.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 10266
EP  - 10283
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Formation of DNA adducts by various carcinogens represents the first critical event in the mechanism of tumor initiation. The carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are biologically activated by two major mechanisms:  one-electron oxidation to produce radical cations and monooxygenation to form bay-region diol epoxides. The PAH-DNA adducts formed by these mechanisms are stable adducts that remain in DNA unless removed by repair and depurinating adducts that are lost from DNA by cleavage of the glycosyl bond. Identification of PAH-DNA adducts has relied heavily on low-temperature, laser-based fluorescence spectroscopy under non-line-narrowing (NLN) and line-narrowing (FLN) conditions. These spectroscopies can be used for chemical identification, conformational analysis, and/or probing the microenvironment of DNA (or protein) adducts. Small and co-workers have pioneered the use of FLN spectroscopy in this research. For example, the structures of the depurinating adducts formed by the PAHs benzo[a]pyrene, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene have been elucidated. Understanding of the mechanism of tumor initiation by PAHs has relied on identifying and quantifying the DNA adducts formed. The insights gained from the study of PAH-DNA adducts enabled us to discover the estrogen metabolites that form depurinating DNA adducts and can be potential endogenous initiators of human cancer. Small and co-workers have also studied the estrogen-DNA adducts and estrogen-thioether conjugates by using FLNS and related luminescence-based techniques and have demonstrated that the level of the 4-hydroxyestrone-1-N3-adenine depurinating adduct in breast tissue from a woman with breast carcinoma was significantly higher than that in breast tissue from women without breast cancer. The fluorescence- and phosphorescence-based techniques they are developing will be applied to analyzing estrogen adducts and conjugates as biomarkers of susceptibility to breast and other types of human cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - ESTROGEN
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 14639863; Jankowiak R. 1 Rogan E. G. 1 Cavalieri E. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 29, p10266; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: ESTROGEN; Subject Term: GENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Linden
AU  - P. A.
AU  - Zimmermann
AU  - J.
AU  - Brixner
AU  - T.
AU  - Holt
AU  - N. E.
AU  - Vaswani
AU  - H. M.
AU  - Hiller
AU  - R. G.
AU  - Fleming
AU  - G. R.
T1  - Transient Absorption Study of Peridinin and Peridinin-Chlorophyll a-Protein after Two-Photon Excitation.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 10340
EP  - 10345
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Two-photon excited pump-probe spectroscopy was carried out on the peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein complex (PCP) and on the peridinin molecule in methanol solution. Our data are consistent with earlier two-photon fluorescence excitation spectra1,2 and lead to the conclusion that, for peridinin in methanol solution, a separate two-photon-allowed transition exists just to the red of the strongly allowed S0 - S2(Bu+) band. In the PCP complex, two-photon excitation at 1150 nm can also be interpreted as preparing a new state. In both cases, the new state is most likely the S1(Ag-) state. It is not yet possible to conclude experimentally whether peridinin possesses a single low lying state with solvent dependent properties or two distinct states, the Ag- and the charge transfer states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14639871; Linden P. A. 1 Zimmermann J. 1 Brixner T. 1 Holt N. E. 1 Vaswani H. M. 1 Hiller R. G. 1 Fleming G. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 29, p10340; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riley
AU  - K.
AU  - Jankowiak
AU  - R.
AU  - Ratsep
AU  - M.
AU  - Small
AU  - G. J.
AU  - Zazubovich
AU  - V.
T1  - Evidence for Highly Dispersive Primary Charge Separation Kinetics and Gross Heterogeneity in the Isolated PS II Reaction Center of Green Plants.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 10346
EP  - 10356
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Despite the availability of an X-ray structure and many spectroscopic studies, important issues related to structural heterogeneity, excitonic structure, primary charge separation (CS), and excitation energy transfer dynamics of the isolated reaction center (RC) of photosystem II (PS II) remain unresolved. The issues addressed here include (1) whether the primary CS kinetics at low temperatures are highly dispersive (due to structural heterogeneity), as proposed by Prokhorenko and Holzwarth (J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 11563), and (2) the nature of the weak lowest-energy Qy absorption band at ~684 nm that appears as a shoulder on the intense primary electron donor band (P680). Results of low-temperature nonphotochemical hole burning (NPHB) and triplet bottleneck hole burning (TBHB) spectroscopic experiments (including effects of pressure and external electric (Stark) fields) are presented for the RC from spinach with one of the two peripheral chlorophylls removed. Both NPHB and TBHB are observed with excitations within the P680 and 684 nm bands. Both types of hole spectra exhibit a weak dependence on the burn wavelength (λB) between 680 and 686 nm. Furthermore, the permanent dipole moment change (f Δμ), as determined by Stark-NPHB spectroscopy, is identical (0.9 ± 0.1 D) for the two bands, as are the linear electron-phonon coupling parameters (Huang-Rhys factors S17 = 0.7 and S80 = 0.2 for 17 and 80 cm-1 phonons). These similarities, together with published fluorescence line narrowed spectra lead us to favor the gross heterogeneity model in which the 684 nm band is the primary electron donor band (P684) of a subset of RCs that may be more intact than P680-type RCs. It is concluded, based also on the linear pressure shift rates for the P680 and 684 nm bands, that population of either P680* (* ≡ Qy state) or P684* results in both TBHB (due to charge recombination of the primary radical ion pair) and NPHB. It was found that the values of parameters (e.g., electron-phonon coupling, site distribution function) used to simulate the NPHB spectra also provided reasonable fits to the TBHB spectra. Acceptable theoretical simulations of the line-narrowed TBHB spectra were not possible using a single primary CS time. However, satisfactory fits (including λB and burn intensity dependences) were achieved using a distribution of CS times. The observed TBHB is due to P680- and P684-type RCs with the faster CS kinetics since the persistent nonphotochemical holes were saturated prior to measuring the TBHB spectra. (RCs exhibiting the most efficient NPHB have slower CS kinetics as well as higher fluorescence quantum yields.) For the TBHB spectra, the same distribution (Weibull) was used for the P680- and P684-type RCs. The distribution describes quite well the distribution of Prokhorenko and Holzwarth for CS times shorter than 25 ps. Finally, the data indicate that electron exchange contributes only weakly (relative to electrostatics) to the inter-pigment excitonic interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 14639872; Riley K. 1 Jankowiak R. 1 Ratsep M. 1 Small G. J. 1 Zazubovich V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 142 Riia Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 29, p10346; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng
AU  - J.
AU  - Li
AU  - H.-W.
AU  - Yeung
AU  - E. S.
T1  - Manipulation of Single DNA Molecules via Lateral Focusing in a PDMS/Glass Microchannel.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 10357
EP  - 10362
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In a hybridized microchannel made of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and glass, nonuniform electroosmotic flow (EOF) was created when an electric field was applied. PDMS and glass pieces were bonded at room temperature after oxidization with oxygen plasma. After oxidization, the PDMS surface has a higher zeta (ζ) potential than that of glass, which results in faster EOF at that surface. When the channel has a large aspect ratio (width ≫ depth), the EOF can be considered as a two-dimensional gradient shear flow. By using a scanning confocal fluorescence microscope, we demonstrated that negatively charged DNA molecules were focused by the nonuniform EOF and the electric field into a thin layer at the glass surface of about one-fifth of the channel depth. This phenomenon was applied to selectively detect target DNA molecules using evanescent-field excitation. Streptavidin-conjugated quantum dots (QD) were used to selectively bind biotinylated DNA. After applying an electric field, free QD remained randomly distributed within the channel. Nonbiotinylated DNA molecules were focused onto the glass surface, but they were not labeled and thus nonfluorescent. Therefore, the increase in molecule count after application of the electric field can be solely attributed to QD-DNA complexes which were focused onto the glass surface. This method does not require the separation of excessive probes (QD) and can be operated continuously to achieve high throughput. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14639873; Zheng J. 1 Li H.-W. 1 Yeung E. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory—USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 29, p10357; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsin
AU  - T.-M.
AU  - Zazubovich
AU  - V.
AU  - Hayes
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Small
AU  - G. J.
T1  - Red Antenna States of PS I of Cyanobacteria:  Stark Effect and Interstate Energy Transfer.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 10515
EP  - 10521
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Previously, Stark hole-burning spectroscopy and effects of pressure at low temperature were used to determine the number of red antenna states of the cyanobacteria Synechococcus elongatus and Synechocystis PCC6803 (Hayes, J. M.; Matsuzaki, S.; Rätsep, M.; Small, G. J. J. Phys. Chem. B 2000 104, 5625. Zazubovich, V.; Matsuzaki, S.; Johnson, T. W.; Hayes, J. M.; Chitnis, P. R.; Small Chem. Phys. 2002, 275, 47). Distinct differences in linear pressure shift rates, the magnitude of the permanent dipole moment change, fΔμ, and electron-phonon coupling strength clearly show that in Synechococcus there are three red states (C708, C715, and C719), whereas in Synechocystis, there are two red states (C708 and C714). In the Stark hole-burning spectra of the lowest states of these two systems, hole splitting was not observed, only hole broadening, for excitation polarization both parallel and perpendicular to the Stark field direction. The theories of Stark hole burning predict that splitting should occur for one of the polarizations unless there is a large, random component to the induced dipole moment change, Δμind, which is not expected to be the case for pigment-protein complexes in which the orientations of pigments relative to the protein matrix are nonrandom. In this paper, Stark hole burning at higher resolution is used to reinvestigate the absence of splitting. However, even at higher resolution, no splitting is detected. This is explained by invoking large variations of the inherent dipole moment change Δμ0 of the dimer (the origin of the red-state absorption) rather than of the induced dipole moment change. These arise from a distribution of the relative orientations and separations between the components of the dimer. This distribution also results in a random component of the polarizability change tensor, Δα. The random components of Δμ0 and Δα not only obscure the Stark splitting but also cause the large inhomogeneous broadening observed for these lowest-energy red states. Temperature-dependent hole widths were also measured for C708 and C714 of Synechocystis. For C714, a T1.3 temperature dependence was observed, consistent with dephasing by the disordered protein matrix. At 708 nm, however, much higher fluences were required to saturate the absorption of the blue edge of the C714 band and then begin to burn C708. The contribution of the C708 component to the broadening was weakly temperature dependent over the range measured, 2 to 14 K. This contribution is due to energy transfer from C708 to C714, and the width measured corresponds to an energy-transfer time of 6 ps. This observation provides further proof of the existence of two red antenna states, C708 and C714. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - STARK effect
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PROKARYOTES
N1  - Accession Number: 14639892; Hsin T.-M. 1 Zazubovich V. 1 Hayes J. M. 1 Small G. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 29, p10515; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: STARK effect; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PROKARYOTES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiao, M.
AU  - Martin, I.
AU  - Yablonovitch, E.
AU  - Jiang, H. W.
T1  - Electrical detection of the spin resonance of a single electron in a silicon field-effect transistor.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6998
M3  - Article
SP  - 435
EP  - 439
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The ability to manipulate and monitor a single-electron spin using electron spin resonance is a long-sought goal. Such control would be invaluable for nanoscopic spin electronics, quantum information processing using individual electron spin qubits and magnetic resonance imaging of single molecules. There have been several examples of magnetic resonance detection of a single-electron spin in solids. Spin resonance of a nitrogen-vacancy defect centre in diamond has been detected optically, and spin precession of a localized electron spin on a surface was detected using scanning tunnelling microscopy. Spins in semiconductors are particularly attractive for study because of their very long decoherence times. Here we demonstrate electrical sensing of the magnetic resonance spin-flips of a single electron paramagnetic spin centre, formed by a defect in the gate oxide of a standard silicon transistor. The spin orientation is converted to electric charge, which we measure as a change in the source/drain channel current. Our set-up may facilitate the direct study of the physics of spin decoherence, and has the practical advantage of being composed of test transistors in a conventional, commercial, silicon integrated circuit. It is well known from the rich literature of magnetic resonance studies that there sometimes exist structural paramagnetic defects near the Si/SiO2 interface. For a small transistor, there might be only one isolated trap state that is within a tunnelling distance of the channel, and that has a charging energy close to the Fermi level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - SILICON
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13868115; Xiao, M. 1 Martin, I. 2 Yablonovitch, E. 3 Jiang, H. W. 1; Email Address: jiangh@physics.ucla.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1594, USA; Source Info: 7/22/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6998, p435; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02727
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saunders, A.
AU  - Anaya, J.M.
AU  - Bowles, T.J.
AU  - Filippone, B.W.
AU  - Geltenbort, P.
AU  - Hill, R.E.
AU  - Hino, M.
AU  - Hoedl, S.
AU  - Hogan, G.E.
AU  - Ito, T.M.
AU  - Jones, K.W.
AU  - Kawai, T.
AU  - Kirch, K.
AU  - Lamoreaux, S.K.
AU  - Liu, C.-Y.
AU  - Makela, M.
AU  - Marek, L.J.
AU  - Martin, J.W.
AU  - Morris, C.L.
AU  - Mortensen, R.N.
T1  - Demonstration of a solid deuterium source of ultra-cold neutrons
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 593
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 60
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Ultra-cold neutrons (UCN), neutrons with energies low enough to be confined by the Fermi potential in material bottles, are playing an increasing role in measurements of fundamental properties of the neutron. The ability to manipulate UCN with material guides and bottles, magnetic fields, and gravity can lead to experiments with lower systematic errors than have been obtained in experiments with cold neutron beams. The UCN densities provided by existing reactor sources limit these experiments. The promise of much higher densities from solid deuterium sources has led to proposed facilities coupled to both reactor and spallation neutron sources. In this Letter we report on the performance of a prototype spallation neutron-driven solid deuterium source. This source produced bottled UCN densities of <f>145±7 UCN/cm3</f>, about three times greater than the largest bottled UCN densities previously reported. These results indicate that a production UCN source with substantially higher densities should be possible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - ULTRACOLD neutrons
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - COLD neutrons
N1  - Accession Number: 13624479; Saunders, A. 1; Email Address: asaunders@lanl.gov Anaya, J.M. 1 Bowles, T.J. 1 Filippone, B.W. 2 Geltenbort, P. 3 Hill, R.E. 1 Hino, M. 4 Hoedl, S. 5 Hogan, G.E. 1 Ito, T.M. 2 Jones, K.W. 1 Kawai, T. 4 Kirch, K. 1 Lamoreaux, S.K. 1 Liu, C.-Y. 5 Makela, M. 6 Marek, L.J. 1 Martin, J.W. 2 Morris, C.L. 1; Email Address: cmorris@pcprad9.lanl.gov Mortensen, R.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Kellogg Radiation Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  3: Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, F-38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France  4: Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka 590-0494, Japan  5: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  6: Virginia Polytechnical Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 593 Issue 1-4, p55; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: ULTRACOLD neutrons; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: COLD neutrons; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.04.048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuchin, Kirill
T1  - Heavy quark production by a quasi-classical color field in proton–nucleus collisions
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/07/22/
VL  - 593
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
EP  - 74
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We calculate the inclusive heavy quark production cross section for proton–nucleus collisions at high energies. We perform calculation in a quasi-classical approximation (McLerran–Venugopalan model) neglecting all low-<f>x</f> evolution effects. The derived expression for the differential cross section can be applied for studying the heavy quark production in the central rapidity region at RHIC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
KW  - KINETIC theory of matter
N1  - Accession Number: 13624481; Tuchin, Kirill 1; Email Address: tuchin@quark.phy.bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 593 Issue 1-4, p66; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Subject Term: KINETIC theory of matter; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.04.057
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chromy, Brett A.
AU  - Perkins, Julie
AU  - Heidbrink, Jenny L.
AU  - Gonzales, Arlene D.
AU  - Murphy, Gloria A.
AU  - Fitch, J. Patrick
AU  - McCutchen-Maloney, Sandra L.
T1  - Proteomic characterization of host response to Yersinia pestis and near neighbors
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004/07/23/
VL  - 320
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 474
EP  - 479
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - Host–pathogen interactions result in protein expression changes within both the host and the pathogen. Here, results from proteomic characterization of host response following exposure to Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, and to two near neighbors, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica, are reported. Human monocyte-like cells were chosen as a model for macrophage immune response to pathogen exposure. Two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry was used to identify host proteins with differential expression following exposure to these three closely related Yersinia species. This comparative proteomic characterization of host response clearly shows that host protein expression patterns are distinct for the different pathogen exposures, and contributes to further understanding of Y. pestis virulence and host defense mechanisms. This work also lays the foundation for future studies aimed at defining biomarkers for presymptomatic detection of plague. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YERSINIA pestis
KW  - YERSINIA enterocolitica
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - YERSINIA pseudotuberculosis
KW  - Biomarkers
KW  - Host–pathogen interactions
KW  - Presymptomatic detection
KW  - Proteomics
KW  - Two-dimensional electrophoresis
KW  - Yersinia
N1  - Accession Number: 13565072; Chromy, Brett A. 1 Perkins, Julie 2 Heidbrink, Jenny L. 2 Gonzales, Arlene D. 1 Murphy, Gloria A. 1 Fitch, J. Patrick 3 McCutchen-Maloney, Sandra L. 1; Email Address: smaloney@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biodefense Division, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Chemical and Biological National Security Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 320 Issue 2, p474; Subject Term: YERSINIA pestis; Subject Term: YERSINIA enterocolitica; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: YERSINIA pseudotuberculosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomarkers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Host–pathogen interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Presymptomatic detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proteomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-dimensional electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yersinia; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.199
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shengfeng Chen
AU  - Yakunin, Alexander F.
AU  - Kuznetsova, Ekaterina
AU  - Busso, Didier
AU  - Pufan, Ramona
AU  - Proudfoot, Michael
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Sung-Hou Kim
T1  - Structural and Functional Characterization of a Novel Phosphodiesterase from Methanococcus jannaschii.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/23/
VL  - 279
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 31854
EP  - 31862
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Methanococcus jannaschii MJ0936 is a hypothetical protein of unknown function with over 50 homologs found in many bacteria and Archaea. To help define the molecular (biochemical and biophysical) function of MJ0936, we determined its crystal structure at 2.4-Å resolution and performed a series of biochemical screens for catalytic activity. The overall fold of this single domain protein consists of a four-layered structure formed by two β-sheets flanked by a-helices on both sides. The crystal structure suggested its biochemical function to be a nuclease, phosphatase, or nucleotidase, with a requirement for some metal ions. Crystallization in the presence of Ni2+ or Mn2+ produced a protein containing a binuclear metal center in the putative acrive site formed by a cluster of conserved residues. Analysis of MJ0936 against a panel of general enzymatic assays revealed catalytic activity toward bis-p-nitrophenyl phosphate, an indicator substrate for phosphodiesterases and nucleases. Significant activity was also found with two other phosphodiesterase substrates, thymidine 5'-monophosphate p-nitrophenyl ester and p-nitrophenylphosphorylcholine, but no activity was found for cAMP or cGMP. Phosphodiesterase activity of MJ0936 had an absolute requirement for divalent metal ions with Ni2+ and Mn2+ being most effective. Thus, our structural and enzymatic studies have identified the biochemical function of MJ0936 as that of a novel phosphodiesterase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHODIESTERASES
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
KW  - ESTERASES
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14156907; Shengfeng Chen 1,2 Yakunin, Alexander F. 3 Kuznetsova, Ekaterina 3 Busso, Didier 2 Pufan, Ramona 2 Proudfoot, Michael 3 Kim, Rosalind 2 Sung-Hou Kim 1,2; Email Address: shkim@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California  2: Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  3: Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Canada; Source Info: 7/23/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 30, p31854; Subject Term: PHOSPHODIESTERASES; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Subject Term: ESTERASES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 14 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Accuracy and precision of adsorption isotherm parameters measured by dynamic HPLC methods
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/07/23/
VL  - 1043
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 170
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The fluctuations of the column temperature, the composition and the flow rate of the mobile phase affect the accuracy and precision of the adsorption isotherm parameters measured by dynamic HPLC methods. Experimental data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) for phenol in equilibrium between C<F>18</F>-bonded Symmetry and a methanol:water mixture (20:80, v/v), at 303 K and a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The fluctuations of the experimental parameters were 0.1 K for the temperature, 0.1% for the mobile phase composition and 0.001 mL/min for the flow rate. The best isotherm model was shown to be the tri-Langmuir isotherm. Random errors were calculated and shown to agree with experimental results. Overloaded band profiles of phenol were acquired at low (sample size, 100 <F>μ</F>L, concentration 3 g/L) and high (same sample size, concentration 60 g/L) loadings, at seven temperatures (298, 300, 302, 303, 304, 306, and 308 K), for seven mobile phase compositions (methanol 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, and 24%), and with seven mobile phase flow rates (0.95, 0.97, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.03, and 1.05 mL/min), always keeping two experimental parameters at the values selected for the FA runs. Assuming that the isotherm model stays the same, the inverse method (IM) was used to derive the isotherm parameters in each case. Temperature affects the equilibrium constants according to Van’t Hoff law. A temperature change of 1 K around 303 K causes a relative variation of 1.5% of the high-energy adsorption constant <F>b3</F> and of 0.6% of the saturation capacity <F>q3</F>. The isotherm parameters are very sensitive to the mobile phase composition, especially the highest energy mode. Both adsorption constants <F>b2</F> and <F>b3</F> follow the linear strength solvent model (LSSM). A methanol volume fraction change of 1% causes a relative decrease of 3.2 and 5.0% of <F>b2</F> and <F>b3</F>, respectively and a 2% decrease of the saturation capacity <F>q3</F>. Finally, flow rate changes affect only the saturation capacities. A flow rate change of 1% causes a 2% change in the saturation capacity parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Phenol
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Accuracy
KW  - Adsorption equilibrium
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Mobile phase composition
KW  - Precision
N1  - Accession Number: 13702876; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 1043 Issue 2, p159; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Phenol; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Methanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accuracy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobile phase composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precision; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ollivault-Shiflett, Morgane
AU  - Kimball, David B.
AU  - Silks, L.A.
T1  - Synthesis of Chiral 13C, 77Se-Labeled Selones.
JO  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/23/
VL  - 69
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 5150
EP  - 5152
SN  - 00223263
AB  - A new alternative system for the oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones with DMSO/N2H4·H2O/I2/H2O/ CH3CN in hydrated media has been developed. The system also selectively oxidizes the secondary alcoholic groups to the corresponding ketones in the presence of primary alcoholic groups present within the same molecule in moderate to very good yields at reflux temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SELENIUM
KW  - SELENIUM compounds
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - KETONES
KW  - OXO compounds
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
N1  - Accession Number: 14144048; Ollivault-Shiflett, Morgane 1 Kimball, David B. 1 Silks, L.A. 1; Email Address: pete-silks@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, the Biotechnology, Spectroscopy, and Isotope Chemistry group (B-SIC), NIH National Stable Isotope Resource, MS E529, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 7/23/2004, Vol. 69 Issue 15, p5150; Subject Term: SELENIUM; Subject Term: SELENIUM compounds; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: KETONES; Subject Term: OXO compounds; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/jo049747o
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saxena, Sandeep
AU  - Yuan, Ping
AU  - Dhar, Suman Kumar
AU  - Senga, Takeshi
AU  - Takeda, David
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Kornbluth, Sally
AU  - Swaminathan, Kunchithapadam
AU  - Dutta, Anindya
T1  - A Dimerized Coiled-Coil Domain and an Adjoining Part of Geminin Interact with Two Sites on Cdt1 for Replication Inhibition
JO  - Molecular Cell
JF  - Molecular Cell
Y1  - 2004/07/23/
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 258
SN  - 10972765
AB  - Geminin is a cellular protein that associates with Cdt1 and inhibits Mcm2-7 loading during S phase. It prevents multiple cycles of replication per cell cycle and prevents episome replication. It also directly inhibits the HoxA11 transcription factor. Here we report that geminin forms a parallel coiled-coil homodimer with atypical residues in the dimer interface. Point mutations that disrupt the dimerization abolish interaction with Cdt1 and inhibition of replication. An array of glutamic acid residues on the coiled-coil domain surface interacts with positive charges in the middle of Cdt1. An adjoining region interacts independently with the N-terminal 100 residues of Cdt1. Both interactions are essential for replication inhibition. The negative residues on the coiled-coil domain and a different part of geminin are also required for interaction with HoxA11. Therefore a rigid cylinder with negative surface charges is a critical component of a bipartite interaction interface between geminin and its cellular targets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOLOGICAL rhythms
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - EXCITATORY amino acids
KW  - CELL cycle
N1  - Accession Number: 13902002; Saxena, Sandeep 1 Yuan, Ping 2 Dhar, Suman Kumar Senga, Takeshi 1 Takeda, David 1 Robinson, Howard 3 Kornbluth, Sally 4 Swaminathan, Kunchithapadam 2,5; Email Address: ad8q@virginia.edu Dutta, Anindya 1; Email Address: nathan@imcb.a-star.edu.sg; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA  2: Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, Singapore  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  4: Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA  5: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p245; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL rhythms; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: EXCITATORY amino acids; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.06.045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reusser, Luke J.
AU  - Bierman, Paul R.
AU  - Pavich, Milan J.
AU  - Zen, E-an
AU  - Larsen, Jennifer
AU  - Finkel, Robert
T1  - Rapid Late Pleistocene Incision of Atlantic Passive-Margin River Gorges.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/23/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5683
M3  - Article
SP  - 499
EP  - 502
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The direct and secondary effects of rapidly changing climate caused large rivers draining the Atlantic passive margin to incise quickly into bedrock beginning about 35,000 years ago. Measured in samples from bedrock fluvial terraces, 10-beryllium shows that both the Susquehanna and Potomac Rivers incised 10- to 20-meter-deep gorges along steep, convex lower reaches during the last glacial cycle. This short-lived pulse of unusually rapid downcutting ended by 13,000 to 14,000 years ago. The timing and rate of downcutting are similar on the glaciated Susquehanna and unglaciated Potomac Rivers, indicating that regional changes, not simply glacial meltwater, initiated incision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - GLACIAL climates
KW  - PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14011652; Reusser, Luke J. 1; Email Address: lreusser@uvm.edu Bierman, Paul R. 1 Pavich, Milan J. 2 Zen, E-an 3 Larsen, Jennifer 1 Finkel, Robert 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and School of Natural" Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05401, USA.  2: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Center, Reston, VA 20192, USA.  3: Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.  4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 7/23/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5683, p499; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: HYDROGEOLOGY; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: GLACIAL climates; Subject Term: PALEOCLIMATOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wood, Benjamin R.
AU  - Reimer, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
AU  - Janicke, Michael T.
AU  - Ott, Kevin C.
T1  - Methanol formation on Fe/Al-MFI via the oxidation of methane by nitrous oxide
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/07/25/
VL  - 225
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 300
EP  - 306
SN  - 00219517
AB  - A zeolite containing Fe and Al in the framework positions of an MFI structure was produced by hydrothermal synthesis. Subsequent thermal pretreatment caused the Fe to migrate from the lattice and become stabilized at cation-exchange sites associated with framework Al atoms. The interactions of CH4, N2O, and methanol with this material were investigated by IR spectroscopy and temperature-programmed reactions methods. Upon exposure of thermally pretreated Fe/Al-MFI to methanol, the Brønsted acid protons and hydroxyl groups associated with Si and Fe reacted to form surface methoxy groups. Separate infrared features were observed for methoxy species bound to Si and Fe. Exposure of Fe/Al-MFI to CH4 and N2O above ∼448 K resulted in the formation of methoxy groups bound to both Fe and Si and the simultaneous loss of hydroxyl groups associated with both elements. The formation of methoxy groups was not observed on either Al-MFI or Fe-MFI, suggesting that the active sites in the oxidation of CH4 to methoxy species by N2O are extraframework Fe atoms associated with framework Al. The methoxy groups residing on the catalyst decomposed when the temperature was raised above 523 K and no methanol was observed in the products; however, when the methoxy groups reacted with H2O at 523 K, these groups were rapidly hydrolyzed to form methanol. For Fe/Al-MFI, small amounts of methanol were observed when CH4 and N2O reacted over Fe/Al-MFI at temperatures above 523 K, but the selectivity to this product was less than 2%, the majority of the CH4 undergoing combustion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - METHANE
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13475156; Wood, Benjamin R. 1 Reimer, Jeffrey A. 1 Bell, Alexis T. 1; Email Address: bell@cchem.berkeley.edu Janicke, Michael T. 2 Ott, Kevin C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462,USA  2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 225 Issue 2, p300; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: OXIDATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.04.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mehta, A.
AU  - Imbeni, Valentina
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
AU  - Duerig, T.W.
T1  - On the electronic and mechanical instabilities in Ni50.9Ti49.1
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/07/25/
VL  - 378
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 130
EP  - 137
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Both the superelastic and the shape memory properties of the cubic NiTi alloy known as Nitinol arise from two-phase transitions; from a simple cubic austenite phase to a trigonal R-phase and to a lower symmetry martensite phase. In this article, we speculate that two competing forces drive these transitions. One is “mechanical” in nature and it takes the cubic austenite structure of NiTi to a denser packing arrangement. The other one appears to be “electronic” in nature and it modifies the cubic austenite structure by correlated “Jahn–Teller” type distortions, and perhaps a fluctuation of charge density. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - SHAPE memory alloys
KW  - SMART materials
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - Martensite
KW  - NiTi
KW  - Nitinol
KW  - R-phase
KW  - Synchrotron
KW  - XANES
N1  - Accession Number: 13688097; Mehta, A. 1 Imbeni, Valentina 2,3; Email Address: valentina.imbeni@sri.com Ritchie, R.O. 2 Duerig, T.W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, SLAC, 2575 Sandhill Rd., Menlo Park, CA, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  4: Nitinol Devices and Components, Fremont, CA 94539, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 378 Issue 1/2, p130; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: SHAPE memory alloys; Subject Term: SMART materials; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Martensite; Author-Supplied Keyword: NiTi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitinol; Author-Supplied Keyword: R-phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Author-Supplied Keyword: XANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.349
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Somsen, Ch.
AU  - Khalil-Allafi, J.
AU  - George, E.P.
T1  - Influence of iridium on the martensitic transformation in Ni–Ti shape memory alloys
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/07/25/
VL  - 378
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 170
EP  - 174
SN  - 09215093
AB  - In the binary system Ni–Ir it is known that Ni and Ir form a complete solid solution over the entire composition range. Starting from this, Ni48.5-xTi51.5Irx alloys with <F>x=0</F>, 2.5, 5 and 10 at.% and a Ni49.5Ti48Ir2.5 alloy have been prepared by arc melting in an argon atmosphere in order to investigate the effect of the substitution on the martensitic transformation. The microstructural characterisation of the samples was mainly done by DSC measurements and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).In accordance with the phase diagram, the binary Ni48.5Ti51.5 alloy contains Ti2Ni precipitates and the matrix exhibits a martensitic phase transformation from the B2-phase to the monoclinic B19′-phase. TEM investigations on the <F>x=2.5</F> and 5 at.% Ir samples show that precipitates of type <F>Ti2(Ni+Ir)1</F> are present. Upon cooling these samples, a two-step martensitic transformation occurs from the B2-phase to R-phase to B19′-phase. The martensite start temperature of the B19′-phase decreases with increasing Ir content and, in the vicinity of <F>x=10</F> at.% Ir, the martensitic phase transformation disappears completely.In a Ni49.5Ti48Ir2.5 alloy quenched from <F>T=1000</F> °C, only the B2-phase is present. Aging this alloy at <F>T=500</F> °C for <F>t=100</F> h leads mainly to the growth of <F>(Ni+Ir)4Ti3</F> precipitates in a B2-type matrix. In addition, a few <F>(Ni+Ir)3Ti2</F> precipitates can be found. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRIDIUM
KW  - PLATINUM group
KW  - SHAPE memory alloys
KW  - SMART materials
KW  - Ni–Ti–Ir shape memory alloys
KW  - Precipitation behavior
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13688105; Somsen, Ch. 1; Email Address: christoph.somsen@ruhr-uni-bochum.de Khalil-Allafi, J. 2; Email Address: jafar.khalil-allafi@ruhr-uni-bochum.de George, E.P. 3,4; Email Address: georgeep@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Materials, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany  2: Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6093, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 378 Issue 1/2, p170; Subject Term: IRIDIUM; Subject Term: PLATINUM group; Subject Term: SHAPE memory alloys; Subject Term: SMART materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni–Ti–Ir shape memory alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.342
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13688105&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garay, Javier E.
AU  - Glade, Stephen C.
AU  - Anselmi-Tamburini, Umberto
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, Palakkal
AU  - Munir, Zuhair A.
T1  - Electric current enhanced defect mobility in Ni3Ti intermetallics.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/26/
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 573
EP  - 575
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The effect of the application of a dc current on the annealing of point defects in Ni3Ti was investigated by positron annihilation spectroscopy. An increased defect annealing rate was observed under the influence of the current and was attributed to a 24% decrease in the activation energy of mobility. The results are interpreted in terms of the electron wind effect and the complex nature of diffusion in ordered intermetallic phases. They provide direct evidence for an increase in defect mobility in ordered intermetallics under the influence of a current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13885869; Garay, Javier E. 1 Glade, Stephen C. 2 Anselmi-Tamburini, Umberto 1 Asoka-Kumar, Palakkal 2 Munir, Zuhair A. 1; Email Address: zamunir@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 7/26/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p573; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774268
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sung-Ho Han
AU  - Hermann, Allen M.
AU  - Hasoon, F. S.
AU  - Al-Thani, H. A.
AU  - Levi, D. H.
T1  - Effect of Cu deficiency on the optical properties and electronic structure of CuInSe2 and CuIn0.8Ga0.2Se2 determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/26/
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 576
EP  - 578
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements of CuInSe2 (CIS) and CuIn0.8Ga0.2Se2 (CIGS) reveal that there are important differences in electronic properties between stoichiometric CIS (CIGS) and Cu-poor CIS (CIGS). We find a reduction in the absorption strength in the spectral region of 1–3 eV. This reduction can be explained in terms of the Cu 3d density of states. Cu-poor CIS (CIGS) materials show an increase in band gap due to the reduction in repulsion between Cu 3d and Se 4p states. The experimental results have important implications for the function of polycrystalline optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
N1  - Accession Number: 13885868; Sung-Ho Han 1; Email Address: mail: sung-ho.han@colorado.edu Hermann, Allen M. 1 Hasoon, F. S. 2 Al-Thani, H. A. 2 Levi, D. H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303-0390  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393; Source Info: 7/26/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p576; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1776616
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Emergo, R. L. S.
AU  - Wu, J. Z.
AU  - Aytug, T.
AU  - Christen, D. K.
T1  - Thickness dependence of superconducting critical current density in vicinal YBa2Cu3O7-δ thick films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/26/
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 618
EP  - 620
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) thick films, the superconducting critical current density (Jc) decreases with increasing film thickness (t). The mechanisms responsible for this Jc–t behavior remain unclear. To probe the correlation between the film microstructure and Jc-thickness behavior, we have deposited YBCO thick films up to 3.0 μm in thickness on flat and surface-miscut (100) SrTiO3 substrates with 5°, 10°, and 15° vicinal angles. The microstructures of the YBCO films were found to evolve differently on flat and miscut substrates, resulting in different Jc–t behaviors. Surprisingly the small miscut angles of 5°–10° were favorable to obtain higher Jc and smaller Jc reduction at larger film thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THICK films
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - CRITICAL currents
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 13885854; Emergo, R. L. S. 1 Wu, J. Z. 1; Email Address: jwu@ku.edu Aytug, T. 2 Christen, D. K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 7/26/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p618; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: CRITICAL currents; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1775882
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hion Suck Baik
AU  - Kim, Miyoung
AU  - Gyeong-Su Park
AU  - Se Ahn Song
AU  - Varela, Maria
AU  - Franceschetti, A.
AU  - Pantelides, S. T.
AU  - Pennycook, S. J.
T1  - Interface structure and non-stoichiometry in HfO2 dielectrics.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/07/26/
VL  - 85
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 672
EP  - 674
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - High-resolution electron microscopy, electron energy-loss spectroscopy, and first-principles theory are used to investigate the composition and electronic structure of HfO2 dielectric layers deposited directly onto Si. A thin, nonstoichiometric, but Hf-free SiO2 layer forms between the HfO2 dielectric and the substrate, consistent with one-dimensional spinodal decomposition. Rapid thermal annealing crystallizes the HfO2, and the resulting grain boundaries within the HfO2 are found to be O-depleted, with localized states within the bandgap. These localized states are thought to act as significant leakage pathways, and may be responsible for Fermi-level pinning at the dielectric/contact interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - RAPID thermal processing
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13885836; Hion Suck Baik 1 Kim, Miyoung 1 Gyeong-Su Park 1 Se Ahn Song 1 Varela, Maria 2 Franceschetti, A. 3 Pantelides, S. T. 3 Pennycook, S. J. 4; Email Address: pennycooksj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Analytical Engineering Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, P. O. Box 111, Suwon 440-600, Korea  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6030  3: Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37064 and Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6030  4: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6030 and Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37064; Source Info: 7/26/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 4, p672; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: RAPID thermal processing; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1772855
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gout, Delphine
AU  - Benbow, Evan
AU  - Gourdon, Olivier
AU  - Miller, Gordon J.
T1  - Composition—Structure Relationships in Polar Intermetallics: Experimental and Theoretical Studies of LaNi1+xAl6-x (x = 0.44).
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/26/
VL  - 43
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4604
EP  - 4609
SN  - 00201669
AB  - A new ternary aluminide, LaNi1+xAl6-x (x = 0.44), has been synthesized from La, Ni, and Al in sealed silica tubes. Its structure, determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, is tetragonal P4/mmm (No. 123) with Z = 1 and has the lattice parameters a = 4.200(8) and c = 8.080(8) Å. Refinement based on Fo² yielded R1 = 0.0197 and wR2 = 0.020 [/> 2σ(/)]. The compound adopts a structure type previously observed in SrAu2Ga5 and EuAu2Ga5. The atomic arrangement is closely related to the one in BaAl4 as well as in other rare-earth gallide compounds such as LaNi0.6Ga6, HoCoGa5, Ce4Ni2Ga20, Ce4Ni2Ga17, Ce4NiGa18, and Ce3Ni2Ga15.. This structure exhibits a large open cavity which may be filled by a guest atom. Band structure calculations using density functional theory have been carried out to understand the stability of this new compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - LANTHANUM compounds
KW  - INORGANIC compounds -- Synthesis
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 14133398; Gout, Delphine 1 Benbow, Evan 1 Gourdon, Olivier 1 Miller, Gordon J. 1; Email Address: gmiller@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Source Info: 7/26/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 15, p4604; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: LANTHANUM compounds; Subject Term: INORGANIC compounds -- Synthesis; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic0497331
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLin, Stephen G.
T1  - Background radioactivity in sediments near Los Alamos, New Mexico
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
Y1  - 2004/07/26/
VL  - 328
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
EP  - 159
SN  - 00489697
AB  - River and reservoir sediments have been collected annually by Los Alamos National Laboratory since 1974 and 1979, respectively. These background samples are collected from five river stations and four reservoirs located throughout northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. Analyses include 3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, total U, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, 241Am, gross alpha, gross beta, and gross gamma radioactivity. Surprisingly, there are no federal or state regulatory standards in the USA that specify how to compute background radioactivity values on sediments. Hence, the sample median (or 0.50 quantile) is proposed for this background because it reflects central data tendency and is distribution-free. Estimates for the upper limit of background radioactivity on river and reservoir sediments are made for sampled analytes using the 0.95 quantile (two-tail). These analyses also show that seven of ten analytes from reservoir sediments are normally distributed, or are normally distributed after a logarithmic or square root transformation. However, only three of ten analytes from river sediments are similarly distributed. In addition, isotope ratios for 137Cs/238Pu, 137Cs/239,240Pu, and 239,240Pu/238Pu from reservoir sediments are independent of clay content, total organic carbon/specific surface area (TOC/SSA) and cation exchange capacity/specific surface area (CEC/SSA) ratios. These TOC/SSA and CEC/SSA ratios reflect sediment organic carbon and surface charge densities that are associated with radionuclide absorption, adsorption, and ion exchange reactions on clay mineral structures. These latter ratio values greatly exceed the availability of background radionuclides in the environment, and insure that measured background levels are a maximum. Since finer-grained reservoir sediments contain larger clay-sized fractions compared to coarser river sediments, they show higher background levels for most analytes. Furthermore, radioactivity values on reservoir sediments have remained relatively constant since the early 1980s. These results suggest that clay contents in terrestrial sediments are often more important at concentrating background radionuclides than many other environmental factors, including geology, climate and vegetation. Hence, reservoirs and floodplains represent ideal radionuclide sampling locations because fine-grained materials are more easily trapped here. Ultimately, most of these differences still reflect spatial and temporal variability originating from global atmospheric nuclear weapons testing and disintegration of nuclear-powered satellites upon atmospheric reentry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - RIVER sediments -- Analysis
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Anthropogentic radionuclides
KW  - Background radioactivity
KW  - Fallout
KW  - Sediment
KW  - Statistical distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 13470220; McLin, Stephen G. 1; Email Address: sgm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Water Quality and Hydrology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 328 Issue 1-3, p143; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: RIVER sediments -- Analysis; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Anthropogentic radionuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Background radioactivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fallout; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sediment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical distribution; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.01.025
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Paul Arkin, Adam
AU  - Doyle, John
T1  - The old switcheroo: new tricks revealed in ‘Phage Lambda Revisited’
JO  - Current Biology
JF  - Current Biology
Y1  - 2004/07/27/
VL  - 14
IS  - 14
M3  - Editorial
SP  - R543
EP  - R544
SN  - 09609822
N1  - Accession Number: 13905407; Paul Arkin, Adam 1 Doyle, John 2; Affiliation:  1: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Bioengineering, University of California and Physical Biosciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Control and Dynamic Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 14 Issue 14, pR543; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.cub.2004.07.005
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ozolins, V.
AU  - Majzoub, E.H.
AU  - Udovic, T.J.
T1  - Electronic structure and Rietveld refinement parameters of Ti-doped sodium alanates
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/07/28/
VL  - 375
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The structure of Ti-doped sodium aluminum deuteride has been determined using Rietveld refinement of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data and compared to values for undoped <F>NaAlD4</F> and <F>NaAlH4</F>. The refined lattice parameters for the tetragonal <F>NaAlD4</F> structure are found to be <F>a=5.010</F> Å and <F>c=11.323</F> Å, while those of the monoclinic <F>Na3AlD6</F> structure are <F>a=5.402</F> Å, <F>b=5.507</F> Å, <F>c=7.725</F> Å, and <F>β=89.491°</F>. Results of ab initio calculations of the lattice parameters are within a few percent of the Rietveld-refined values. The generalized gradient approximation (GGA) is found to produce significantly better agreement with the experimental data than the local-density approximation (LDA), which is attributed to a very inhomogeneous distribution of electronic density in the alanates. The Rietveld refinement, LDA, and GGA results for the Al–H bond length in <F>NaAlD4</F> are 1.626, 1.634, and 1.631 Å, respectively. Refined values of the Al–H bond lengths in <F>Na3AlD6</F>, are in agreement within 2% of earlier work on undoped <F>Na3AlD6</F> [J. Alloy Comp. 299 (1–2) (2000) 101]. The calculated GGA formation energies for the decomposition reactions of <F>NaAlD4</F> and <F>Na3AlD6</F> are 33.5 and 49.9 kJ/mol of <F>H2</F>, respectively. The corresponding LDA values are significantly higher: 44.6 and 70.3 kJ/mol of <F>H2</F>. Comparison with the experimental enthalpy data suggests that the GGA results are in a very good agreement with the measured <F>ΔH</F> [Proceedings of the 1999 DOE Hydrogen Program Annual Peer Review, NREL/CP-570-26938; J. Alloy Comp. 302 (1–2) (2000) 36]. Detailed theoretical analyses of the electronic band structure, valence charge density distribution, and lattice bonding properties are given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Crystal bonding
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Electronic band structures
KW  - Electronic structure
KW  - Hydrogen absorbing materials
KW  - Hydrogen storage materials
KW  - Mechanical alloying
KW  - Metal hydrides
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Rietveld refinement
KW  - Structural modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 13564288; Ozolins, V. 1; Email Address: vidvuds@seas.ucla.edu Majzoub, E.H. 2; Email Address: ehmajzo@sandia.gov Udovic, T.J. 3; Email Address: udovic@nist.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1595, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  3: NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8562, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 375 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal bonding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic band structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen absorbing materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen storage materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical alloying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal hydrides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rietveld refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural modeling; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.11.154
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andreev, A.V.
AU  - Honda, F.
AU  - Sechovský, V.
AU  - El-Khatib, S.
AU  - Alsmadi, A.M.
AU  - Nakotte, H.
AU  - Lacerda, A.H.
T1  - Electronic properties of UCoAl0.75Sn0.25 single crystal
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/07/28/
VL  - 375
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 71
SN  - 09258388
AB  - A single crystal of the UCoAl0.75Sn0.25 quasiternary compound has been grown and studied by measuring the magnetization, specific heat and electrical resistivity at various temperatures and magnetic fields. Similar to the parent compounds UCoAl and UCoSn, the magnetization of their solid solution exhibits uniaxial anisotropy with a strong magnetic response along the c-axis and a weak and nearly temperature independent paramagnetic signal in the basal plane. The evolution of the c-axis magnetization isotherms, as well as the anomalies in the temperature dependence of the specific heat and resistivity point to ferromagnetism in UCoAl0.75Sn0.25 below <F>TC≈5.5</F> K. The low value of the spontaneous magnetic moment, poor saturation of the magnetization, the pronounced negative magnetoresistance with increasing magnetic field and the temperature and magnetic field dependence of specific heat provide indications of strong fluctuations of the U magnetic moment also in the ferromagnetic state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - Ferromagnetism
KW  - Magnetic anisotropy
KW  - Magnetoresistivity
KW  - Specific heat
KW  - Uranium intermetallics
KW  - UTX compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 13564299; Andreev, A.V. 1; Email Address: andreev@apollo.karlov.mff.cuni.cz Honda, F. 2 Sechovský, V. 2 El-Khatib, S. 3 Alsmadi, A.M. 3 Nakotte, H. 3 Lacerda, A.H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics ASCR, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic  2: Department of Electronic Structures, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic  3: Physics Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  4: Pulse Field Facility, NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 375 Issue 1/2, p67; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetoresistivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: UTX compounds; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.11.130
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanhong Cai
AU  - Zhen Song
AU  - Rodriguez, Jose A.
AU  - Hrbek, Jan
T1  - Preparation and Structural Characterization of RuS2 Nanoislands on Au(111).
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/07/28/
VL  - 126
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 8886
EP  - 8887
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Ruthenium sulfide exhibits the highest catalytic activity for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) processes among all the transition metal sulfides, making it a promising candidate to replace the current catalyst to meet new and more stringent refinery requirements. The ruthenium sulfide particles prepared for reactivity evaluation are not suitable for surface studies that can probe the nature of the active sites directly. The majority of the ruthenium sulfide is in the form of small clusters each with a diameter about 1.3 nm, smaller than that of the original Ru nanoclusters.
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - PLATINUM group
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14229833; Tanhong Cai 1 Zhen Song 1 Rodriguez, Jose A. 1 Hrbek, Jan 1; Email Address: hrbek@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 7/28/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 29, p8886; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: PLATINUM group; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Homes, C.C.
AU  - Dordevic, S.V.
AU  - Strongin, M.
AU  - Bonn, D.A.
AU  - Ruixing Liang
AU  - Hardy, W.N.
AU  - Komiya, Seiki
AU  - Ando, Yoichi
AU  - Yu, G.
AU  - Kaneko, N.
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Greven, M.
AU  - Basov, D.N.
AU  - Timusk, T.
T1  - A universal scaling relation in high-temperature superconductors.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/07/29/
VL  - 430
IS  - 6999
M3  - Article
SP  - 539
EP  - 541
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Since the discovery of superconductivity at elevated temperatures in the copper oxide materials there has been a considerable effort to find universal trends and correlations amongst physical quantities, as a clue to the origin of the superconductivity. One of the earliest patterns that emerged was the linear scaling of the superfluid density (?s) with the superconducting transition temperature (Tc), which marks the onset of phase coherence. This is referred to as the Uemura relation, and it works reasonably well for the underdoped materials. It does not, however, describe optimally doped (where Tc is a maximum) or overdoped materials. Similarly, an attempt to scale the superfluid density with the d.c. conductivity (sdc) was only partially successful. Here we report a simple scaling relation (?s?sdcTc, with sdc measured at approximately Tc) that holds for all tested high-Tc materials. It holds regardless of doping level, nature of dopant (electrons versus holes), crystal structure and type of disorder, and direction (parallel or perpendicular to the copper-oxygen planes). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SCALING laws (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 13937204; Homes, C.C. 1; Email Address: homes@bnl.gov Dordevic, S.V. 1 Strongin, M. 1 Bonn, D.A. 2 Ruixing Liang 2 Hardy, W.N. 2 Komiya, Seiki 3 Ando, Yoichi 3 Yu, G. 4 Kaneko, N. 5 Zhao, X. 5 Greven, M. 5,6 Basov, D.N. 7 Timusk, T. 8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A6, Canada  3: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan  4: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA  5: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA  6: Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA  7: Department of Physics, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA  8: Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada; Source Info: 7/29/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 6999, p539; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SCALING laws (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02673
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nguyen, T.D.
AU  - Govindjee, S.
AU  - Klein, P.A.
AU  - Gao, H.
T1  - A rate-dependent cohesive continuum model for the study of crack dynamics
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 193
IS  - 30-32
M3  - Article
SP  - 3239
SN  - 00457825
AB  - A rate-dependent cohesive continuum model is developed to represent material particles interacting in a viscous medium. Interactions between material particles are modeled using a cohesive force law while microstructural resistance to relaxation is represented by a phenomenological continuum viscosity function. The model exhibits two failure mechanisms, elastic bond breaking and viscous weakening, which combine to induce rate dependence in the cohesive strength, fracture energy, and cohesive state wave speed. The model is used to simulate dynamic crack propagation. Results display rate-dependent terminal speeds which correspond to the cohesive strength and not to the local driving force; thus supporting the local limiting speed hypothesis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTINUUM (Mathematics)
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - COHESION
KW  - Cohesive model
KW  - Crack propagation
KW  - Dynamic fracture
KW  - Internal bond model
KW  - Nonlinear viscoelasticity
N1  - Accession Number: 13589659; Nguyen, T.D. 1; Email Address: thao@stanford.edu Govindjee, S. 2 Klein, P.A. 3 Gao, H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Division of Mechanics and Computation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  2: Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Materials, Department of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Science-Based Materials Modeling Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 0969, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Department of Theory of Mesoscopic Phenomena, Max-Planck Institute for Metals Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 193 Issue 30-32, p3239; Subject Term: CONTINUUM (Mathematics); Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: COHESION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cohesive model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crack propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal bond model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear viscoelasticity; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.09.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Ming-Jer
AU  - McCabe, Clare
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
T1  - Square-well chain molecules: a semi-empirical equation of state and Monte Carlo simulation data
JO  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
JF  - Fluid Phase Equilibria
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 221
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 72
SN  - 03783812
AB  - A semi-empirical equation of state was developed for square-well chain fluids on the basis of Monte Carlo (MC) simulation data. The equation was formed by combining terms describing non-bonded square-well segments, hard-sphere chain formation, and a perturbation term describing the square-well contribution to chain formation. The functional dependence on the chain length is the same as that derived in the statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT). Extensive isobaric–isothermal MC simulations were performed for the dimer, 4-mer, 8-mer, and 16-mer square-well fluids at temperatures below or near the critical point. The new equation satisfactorily represents the volumetric properties of square-well chain fluids, up to and including the 100-mer, which was the longest chain length studied. Additionally, the new model accurately reproduces the phase envelopes of the dimer and 4-mer fluids, however, it underestimates the vapor pressures for 8-mer’s and above. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fluid Phase Equilibria is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SUBLIMATION (Chemistry)
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - Equation of state
KW  - SAFT-VR
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Square well
N1  - Accession Number: 13805458; Lee, Ming-Jer 1; Email Address: mjl@ch.ntust.edu.tw McCabe, Clare 2 Cummings, Peter T. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Road, Section 4, Taipei 106-07, Taiwan  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 221 Issue 1/2, p63; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SUBLIMATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equation of state; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAFT-VR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Square well; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fluid.2004.03.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chigaev, Alexandre
AU  - Zwartz, Gordon J.
AU  - Buranda, Tione
AU  - Edwards, Bruce S.
AU  - Prossnitz, Eric R.
AU  - Sklar, Larry A.
T1  - Conformational Regulation of α4β1-Integrin Affinity by Reducing Agents.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 279
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 32435
EP  - 32443
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The α4β1-integrin (very late antigen-4 (VLA-4), CD49d/ CD29) is an adhesion receptor involved in the interaction of lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and stem cells with the extracellular matrix and endothelial cells. This and other integrins have the ability to regulate their affinity for ligands through a process termed "inside-out" signaling that affects cell adhesion avidity. Several mechanisms are known to regulate integrin affinity and conformation: conformational changes induced by separation of the C-terminal tails, divalent ions, and reducing agents. Recently, we described a fluorescent LDVcontaining small molecule that was used to monitor VLA-4 affinity changes in live cells (Chigaev, A., Blenc, A. M., Braaten, J. V., Kumaraswamy, N., Kepley, C. L., Andrews, R. P., Oliver, J. M., Edwards, B. S., Prossnitz, E. R., Larson, R. S., and Sklar, L. A. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 48670-48678). Using the same molecule, we also developed a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based assay to probe the "switchblade-like" opening of VLA-4 upon activation. Here, we investigated the effect of reducing agents on the affinity and conformational state of the VLA-4 integrin simultaneously with cell activation initiated by inside-out signaling through G proteincoupled receptors or Mn2+ in live cells in real time. We found that reducing agents (dithiothreitol and 2,3dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid) induced multiple states of high affinity of VLA-4, where the affinity change was accompanied by an extension of the integrin molecule. Bacitracin, an inhibitor of the reductive function of the plasma membrane, diminished the effect of dithiothreitol, but had no effect on inside-out signaling. Based on this result and differences in the kinetics of integrin activation, we conclude that conformational activation of VLA-4 by inside-out signaling is independent of and additive to reduction-regulated integrin activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRINS
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - CELL adhesion molecules
KW  - BACTERIAL adhesion
KW  - STEM cells
KW  - ANTIBACTERIAL agents
N1  - Accession Number: 14268413; Chigaev, Alexandre 1 Zwartz, Gordon J. 1 Buranda, Tione 1 Edwards, Bruce S. 1 Prossnitz, Eric R. 2 Sklar, Larry A. 1,3; Email Address: lsklar@salud.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: From the Department of Pathology and the Cancer Center  2: Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131  3: National Flow Cytometry Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 7/30/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 31, p32435; Subject Term: INTEGRINS; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: CELL adhesion molecules; Subject Term: BACTERIAL adhesion; Subject Term: STEM cells; Subject Term: ANTIBACTERIAL agents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 18 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M404387200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hilder, Emily F.
AU  - Svec, Frantisek
AU  - Fréchet, Jean M.J.
T1  - Development and application of polymeric monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 1044
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 22
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Monolithic columns for capillary electrochromatography are receiving quite remarkable attention. This review summarizes results excerpted from numerous papers concerning this rapidly growing area with a focus on monoliths prepared from synthetic polymers. Both the simplicity of the in situ preparation and the large number of readily available chemistries make the monolithic separation media a vital alternative to capillary columns packed with particulate materials. Therefore, they are now a well-established stationary phase format in the field of capillary electrochromatography. A wide variety of synthetic approaches as well as materials used for the preparation of the monolithic stationary phases are presented in detail. The analytical potential of these columns is demonstrated with separations involving various families of compounds and different chromatographic modes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Capillary electrophoresis
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Peptides
KW  - Saccharides
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Electrochromatography
KW  - Monolithic columns
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Stationary phases, electrochromatography
N1  - Accession Number: 13903318; Hilder, Emily F. 1; Svec, Frantisek 1,2; Email Address: svec@berkeley.edu; Fréchet, Jean M.J. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Issue Info: Jul2004, Vol. 1044 Issue 1/2, p3; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Subject Term: Capillary electrophoresis; Subject Term: Polymers; Subject Term: Peptides; Subject Term: Saccharides; Subject Term: Proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monolithic columns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reviews; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases, electrochromatography; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.04.057
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, Dong Hae
AU  - Brandsen, Jeroen
AU  - Jancarik, Jaru
AU  - Yokota, Hisao
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hou
T1  - Structural Analyses of Peptide Release Factor 1 from Thermotoga maritima Reveal Domain Flexibility Required for Its Interaction with the Ribosome
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 341
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 239
SN  - 00222836
AB  - We have determined the crystal structure of peptide chain release factor 1 (RF1) from Thermotoga maritima (gi 4981173) at 2.65 Å resolution by selenomethionine single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) techniques. RF1 is a protein that recognizes stop codons and promotes the release of a nascent polypeptide from tRNA on the ribosome. Selenomethionine-labeled RF1 crystallized in space group P21 with three monomers per asymmetric unit. It has approximate dimensions of 75 Å×70 Å×45 Å and is composed of four domains. The overall fold of each RF1 domain shows almost the same topology with Escherichia coli RF2, except that the RF1 N-terminal domain is shorter and the C-terminal domain is longer than that of RF2. The N-terminal domain of RF1 indicates a rigid-body movement relative to that of RF2 with an angle of ∼90°. Including these features, RF1 has a tripeptide anticodon PVT motif instead of the SPF motif of RF2, which confers the specificity towards the stop codons. The analyses of three molecules in the asymmetric unit and comparison with RF2 revealed the presence of dynamic movement of domains I and III, which are anchored to the central domain by hinge loops. The crystal structure of RF1 elucidates the intrinsic property of this family of having large domain movements for proper function with the ribosome. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - conformational change
KW  - crystal structure
KW  - DC, decoding center
KW  - gi 4981923
KW  - peptide release factor 1
KW  - PTC, peptidyl transferase center
KW  - RF, release factor
KW  - ribosome
KW  - SAD, single-wavelength anomalous dispersion
N1  - Accession Number: 14101315; Shin, Dong Hae 1 Brandsen, Jeroen 2 Jancarik, Jaru 2 Yokota, Hisao 1 Kim, Rosalind 1 Kim, Sung-Hou 1,2; Email Address: shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 341 Issue 1, p227; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: conformational change; Author-Supplied Keyword: crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: DC, decoding center; Author-Supplied Keyword: gi 4981923; Author-Supplied Keyword: peptide release factor 1; Author-Supplied Keyword: PTC, peptidyl transferase center; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF, release factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: ribosome; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAD, single-wavelength anomalous dispersion; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.05.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jobic
AU  - H.
AU  - Skoulidas
AU  - A. I.
AU  - Sholl
AU  - D. S.
T1  - Determination of Concentration Dependent Transport Diffusivity of CF4 in Silicalite by Neutron Scattering Experiments and Molecular Dynamics.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 10613
EP  - 10616
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We have used quasi-elastic neutron scattering to determine the concentration-dependent corrected and transport diffusivities for CF4 adsorbed in silicalite at 200 and 250 K. Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have also been used to compute the diffusivities under the same condition. We find quantitative agreement between our simulation and experimental results, which show that the corrected diffusivity of CF4 decreases as the molecular loading inside the zeolite is increased. Earlier simulations and experiments have examined self-diffusion of CF4 in silicalite, so for the first time data are now available to directly compare experimental and MD results for self-diffusion and collective diffusion simultaneously. The agreement between the simulation and experimental results provide strong support for the use of atomistic simulations to quantitatively explore the diffusion of small molecules in nanoporous materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ZEOLITES
N1  - Accession Number: 14640828; Jobic H. 1 Skoulidas A. I. 1 Sholl D. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse, CNRS, 2 ave. A. Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236-0940, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 30, p10613; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uetsuka
AU  - H.
AU  - Onishi
AU  - Henderson
AU  - M. A.
AU  - White
AU  - J. M.
T1  - Photoinduced Redox Reaction Coupled with Limited Electron Mobility at Metal Oxide Surface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 10621
EP  - 10624
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Photoinduced oxidation of trimethyl acetate (TMA) was examined on an atomically flat surface of rutile TiO2. The macroscopic rate of reaction (the partial pressure of desorption products) was temporary modulated when a TMA-covered surface was UV-irradiated in oxygen gas. Scanning tunneling microscope imaging revealed spatially modulated distribution of TMA and OH on that surface. The limited surface mobility of electrons photoexcited and trapped at OH-associated Ti sites was proposed to cause the temporal and spatial modulations. The characteristic length of the spatial modulation, i.e., the lateral dimension of electron confinement, was a few lattice constants of the oxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - ELECTRON mobility
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14640830; Uetsuka H. 1 Onishi Henderson M. A. 1 White J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Surface Chemistry Laboratory, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, KSP, Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki, 213-0012 Japan, and Interfacial Chemistry and Engineering Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 30, p10621; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: ELECTRON mobility; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ivanov
AU  - S. A.
AU  - Nanda
AU  - J.
AU  - Piryatinski
AU  - A.
AU  - Achermann
AU  - M.
AU  - Balet
AU  - L. P.
AU  - Bezel
AU  - I. V.
AU  - Anikeeva
AU  - P. O.
AU  - Tretiak
AU  - S.
AU  - Klimov
AU  - V. I.
T1  - Light Amplification Using Inverted Core/Shell Nanocrystals:  Towards Lasing in the Single-Exciton Regime.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 10625
EP  - 10630
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Size-controlled spectral tunability and chemical flexibility make semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) attractive as nanoscale building blocks for color-selectable optical-gain media. The technological potential of NCs as lasing materials is, however, significantly diminished by highly efficient nonradiative Auger recombination of multiexcitons leading to ultrafast decay of optical gain. Here we explore a novel approach to achieve NC lasing in the Auger-recombination-free regime by using type II NC heterostructures that promote spatial separation of electrons and holes. We show that such hetero-NCs can exhibit strong repulsive exciton-exciton interactions that lead to significantly reduced excited-state absorption associated with NCs containing single electron-hole pairs. This effect leads to reduced optical-gain thresholds and can potentially allow lasing in the single-exciton regime, for which Auger recombination is inactive. We use these novel hetero-NCs to demonstrate efficient amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) that is tunable across a “difficult” range of green and blue colors. The ASE in the blue range has never been previously achieved using traditional NCs with type I carrier localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14640831; Ivanov S. A. 1 Nanda J. 1 Piryatinski A. 1 Achermann M. 1 Balet L. P. 1 Bezel I. V. 1 Anikeeva P. O. 1 Tretiak S. 1 Klimov V. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 30, p10625; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang
AU  - J.
AU  - Mo
AU  - Y.
AU  - Vukmirovic
AU  - M. B.
AU  - Klie
AU  - R.
AU  - Sasaki
AU  - K.
AU  - Adzic
AU  - R. R.
T1  - Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts for O2 Reduction:  Pt Monolayer on Pd(111) and on Carbon-Supported Pd Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 10955
EP  - 10964
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The kinetics of oxygen reduction was studied in acid solutions on Pt monolayers deposited on a Pd(111) surface and on carbon-supported Pd nanoparticles using the rotating disk-ring electrode technique. These electrocatalysts were prepared by a new method for depositing Pt monolayers involving the galvanic displacement by Pt of an underpotentially deposited Cu monolayer on a Pd substrate and characterized by scanning tunneling and transmission electron microscopies. The kinetics of O2 reduction shows a significant enhancement at Pt monolayers on Pd(111) and Pd nanoparticle surfaces in comparison with the reaction on Pt(111) and Pt nanoparticles. The four-electron reduction, with a first-charge transfer-rate determining step, is operative on both surfaces. The observed increase in the catalytic activity of Pt monolayer surfaces compared with Pt bulk and nanoparticle electrodes may reflect decreased formation of PtOH. An enhanced atomic scale surface roughness and low coordination of some atoms may contribute to the observed activity. The results illustrate that placing a Pt monolayer on a suitable metal nanoparticle substrate is an attractive way of designing better O2 reduction electrocatalysts. Also, by using this method the Pt content is reduced to very low levels. The Pt mass-specific activity of the Pt/Pd/C electrode is 5-8 times higher than that of the Pt/C electrocatalyst. The noble metal (Pt + Pd) mass-specific activity is two times higher than that of Pt/C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - ELECTROCATALYSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 14640902; Zhang J. 1 Mo Y. 1 Vukmirovic M. B. 1 Klie R. 1 Sasaki K. 1 Adzic R. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 30, p10955; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: ELECTROCATALYSIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Utschig
AU  - L. M.
AU  - Astashkin
AU  - A. V.
AU  - Raitsimring
AU  - A. M.
AU  - Thurnauer
AU  - M. C.
AU  - Poluektov
AU  - O. G.
T1  - Pulsed EPR/ENDOR Characterization of the Cu2+ Surface Site in Photosynthetic Bacterial Reaction Centers.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 11150
EP  - 11156
SN  - 15206106
AB  - X-band pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance was used to elucidate details of the Cu2+ surface binding site involved in QA-QB → QAQB- electron transfer in photosynthetic bacterial reaction centers (RCs). Electron spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopy was employed to measure the hyperfine and electric quadrupole interactions of weakly coupled 14N nuclei, and X-band pulsed electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy was used to probe strongly coupled 14N nuclei. The 14N ESEEM observed for Cu2+ at the surface site of RCs results from a single histidine ligand. In addition, the ENDOR spectra reveal the presence of one more nitrogen ligand in the Cu2+ coordination sphere that we tentatively assign as a peptide backbone nitrogen. The similarity of the ESEEM and ENDOR spectra for RCs from Rb. sphaeroides, Rb. capsulatus, and Blc. viridis suggests a universal intrinsic structural site. These results indicate that Cu2+ has a different coordination environment from the crystallographically characterized Zn2+ and Cd2+ surface sites in Rb. sphaeroides RCs. These structural differences may be associated with observed metal ion specific differences in alteration of QA-QB → QAQB- electron transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14640926; Utschig L. M. 1 Astashkin A. V. 1 Raitsimring A. M. 1 Thurnauer M. C. 1 Poluektov O. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 108 Issue 30, p11150; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shan, Zhiwei
AU  - Stach, E. A.
AU  - Wiezorek, J. M. K.
AU  - Knapp, J. A.
AU  - Follstaedt, D. M.
AU  - Mao, S. X.
T1  - Grain Boundary -- Mediated Plasticity in Nanocrystalline Nickel.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5684
M3  - Article
SP  - 654
EP  - 657
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The plastic behavior of crystalline materials is mainly controlled by the nucleation and motion of lattice dislocations. We report in situ dynamic transmission electron microscope observations of nanocrystalline nickel films with an average grain size of about 10 nanometers, which show that grain boundary-mediated processes have become a prominent deformation mode. Additionally, trapped lattice dislocations are observed in individual grains following deformation. This change in the deformation mode arises from the grain size-dependent competition between the deformation controlled by nucleation and motion of dislocations and the deformation controlled by diffusion-assisted grain boundary processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - NICKEL films
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14081081; Shan, Zhiwei 1 Stach, E. A. 2 Wiezorek, J. M. K. 3 Knapp, J. A. 4 Follstaedt, D. M. 4 Mao, S. X. 1; Email Address: smao@engr.pitt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 648 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.  4: Physical and Chemical Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.; Source Info: 7/30/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5684, p654; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: NICKEL films; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2939
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arp, Zane A.
AU  - Cremers, David A.
AU  - Harris, Ronny D.
AU  - Oschwald, David M.
AU  - Parker Jr., Gary R.
AU  - Wayne, David M.
T1  - Feasibility of generating a useful laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy plasma on rocks at high pressure: preliminary study for a Venus mission
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2004/07/30/
VL  - 59
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 987
EP  - 999
SN  - 05848547
AB  - Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is being developed for future use on landers and rovers to Mars. The method also has potential for use on probes to other planets, the Moon, asteroids and comets. Like Mars, Venus is of strong interest because of its proximity to earth, but unlike Mars, conditions at the surface are far more hostile with temperatures in excess of 700 K and pressures on the order of 9.1 MPa (90 atm). These conditions present a significant challenge to spacecraft design and demand that rapid methods of chemical data gathering be implemented. The advantages of LIBS (e.g. stand-off and very rapid analysis) make the method particularly attractive for Venus exploration because of the expected short operational lifetimes (≈2 h) of surface instrumentation. Although the high temperature of Venus should pose no problem to the analytical capabilities of the LIBS spark, the demonstrated strong dependence of laser plasma characteristics on ambient gas pressures below earth atmospheric pressure requires that LIBS measurements be evaluated at the high Venus surface pressures. Here, we present a preliminary investigation of LIBS at 9.1 MPa for application to the analysis of a basalt rock sample. The results suggest the feasibility of the method for a Venus surface probe and that further study is justified. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
KW  - LIBS
KW  - Venus
N1  - Accession Number: 13957676; Arp, Zane A. 1 Cremers, David A. 2; Email Address: cremers_david@lanl.gov Harris, Ronny D. 1 Oschwald, David M. 3 Parker Jr., Gary R. 3 Wayne, David M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Group-NMT-15, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Group C-ADI, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Group DX-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Jul2004, Vol. 59 Issue 7, p987; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIBS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Venus; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sab.2004.05.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruiz, Federico
AU  - Hazemann, Isabelle
AU  - Mitschler, Andre
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzejj
AU  - Schneider, Thomas
AU  - Karplus, Martin
AU  - Podjarny, Alberto
T1  - The crystallographic structure of the aldose reductase--IDD552 complex shows direct proton donation from tyrosine 48.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 60
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1347
EP  - 1354
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The X-ray crystal structure of human aldose reductase (ALR2) in complex with the inhibitor IDD552 was determined using crystals obtained from two crystallization conditions with different pH values (pH 5 and 8). In both structures the charged carboxylic head of the inhibitor binds to the active site, making hydrogen-bond interactions with His110 and Tyr48 and electrostatic interactions with NADP+ There is an important difference between the two structures: the observation of a double conformation of the carboxylic acid moiety of the inhibitor at pH 8, with one water molecule interacting with the main configuration. This is the first time that a water molecule has been observed deep inside the ALR2 active site. Furthermore, in the configuration with the lower occupancy factor the difference electron-density map shows a clear peak (2.5σ) for the H atom in the hydrogen bond between the inhibitor's carboxylic acid and the Tyr48 side-chain O atom. The position of this peak implies that this H atom is shared between both O atoms, indicating possible direct proton transfer from this residue to the inhibitor. This fact agrees with the model of the catalytic mechanism, in which the proton is donated by the Tyr48 hydroxyl to the substrate. These observations are useful both in drug design and in understanding the ALR2 mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ALDOSE reductase
KW  - CARBOXYLIC acids
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13877499; Ruiz, Federico 1 Hazemann, Isabelle 1 Mitschler, Andre 1 Joachimiak, Andrzejj 2 Schneider, Thomas 3 Karplus, Martin 4,5 Podjarny, Alberto 1; Email Address: podjarny@titus.u-strasbg.fr; Affiliation:  1: UPR de Biologie Structurale, IGBMC, CNRS INSERM ULP, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch, France  2: Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA  3: FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy  4: Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, ISIS/ULP, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, F-67083 Strasbourg CEDEX, France  5: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 60 Issue 8, p1347; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ALDOSE reductase; Subject Term: CARBOXYLIC acids; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904011370
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Golan, Gali
AU  - Zharkov, Dmitry O.
AU  - Fernandes, Andrea S.
AU  - Zaika, Elena
AU  - Kycia, Jadwiga H.
AU  - Wawrzak, Zdzislaw
AU  - Grollman, Arthur P.
AU  - Shoham, Gil
T1  - Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of endonuclease VIII in its uncomplexed form.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 60
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1476
EP  - 1480
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The Escherichia coli DNA repair enzyme endonuclease VIII (Endo VIII or Nei) excises oxidized pyrimidines from damaged DNA substrates. It overlaps in substrate specificity with endonuclease III and may serve as a back-up for this enzyme in E. coli. The three-dimensional structure of Nei covalently complexed with DNA has been recently determined, revealing the critical amino-acid residues required for DNA binding and catalytic activity. Based on this information, several site-specific mutants of the enzyme have been tested for activity against various substrates. Although the crystal structure of the DNA-bound enzyme has been fully determined, the important structure of the free enzyme has not previously been analyzed. In this report, the crystallization and preliminary crystallo-graphic characterization of DNA-free Nei are described. Four different crystal habits are reported for wild-type Nei and two of its catalytic mutants. Despite being crystallized under different conditions, all habits belong to the same crystal form, with the same space group (I222) and a similar crystallographic unit cell (average parameters a = 57.7, b = 80.2, c = 169.7 Å). Two of these crystal habits, I and IV, appear to be suitable for full crystallographic analysis. Crystal habit I was obtained by vapour diffusion using PEG 8000, glycerol and calcium acetate. Crystal habit IV was obtained by a similar method using PEG 400 and magnesium chloride. Both crystals are mechanically strong and stable in the X-ray beam once frozen under cold nitrogen gas. A full diffraction data set has recently been collected from a wild-type Nei crystal of habit I (2.6 Å resolution, 85.2% completeness, Rmerge = 9.8%). Additional diffraction data were collected from an Nei-R252A crystal of habit IV (2.05 Å resolution, 99.9% completeness, Rmerge = 6.0%) and an Nei-E2A crystal of habit IV (2.25 Å resolution, 91.7% completeness,... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - ENDONUCLEASES
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13878312; Golan, Gali 1 Zharkov, Dmitry O. 2,3 Fernandes, Andrea S. 3 Zaika, Elena 3 Kycia, Jadwiga H. 4 Wawrzak, Zdzislaw 5 Grollman, Arthur P. 3 Shoham, Gil 1; Email Address: gil2@vms.huji.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Department of Inorganic Chemistry and the Laboratory for Structural Chemistry and Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel  2: Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia  3: Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA  4: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratories, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: Advanced Photon Source (APS) Synchrotron Facility, Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 60 Issue 8, p1476; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: ENDONUCLEASES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904013241
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Zhiming
AU  - Zhang, Dongxiao
T1  - Analytical solutions to steady state unsaturated flow in layered, randomly heterogeneous soils via Kirchhoff transformation
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 27
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 775
EP  - 784
SN  - 03091708
AB  - In this study, we derive analytical solutions of the first two moments (mean and variance) of pressure head for one-dimensional steady state unsaturated flow in a randomly heterogeneous layered soil column under random boundary conditions. We first linearize the steady state unsaturated flow equations by Kirchhoff transformation and solve the moments of the transformed variable up to second order in terms of <f>σY</f> and <f>σβ</f>, the standard deviations of log hydraulic conductivity <f>Y=ln(Ks)</f> and of the log pore size distribution parameter <f>β=ln(α)</f>. In addition, we also give solutions for the mean and variance of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. The analytical solutions of moment equations are validated via Monte Carlo simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil permeability
KW  - Soils
KW  - Equations
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Analytical solutions
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Uncertainty
KW  - Unsaturated flow
N1  - Accession Number: 14187178; Lu, Zhiming 1; Email Address: zhiming@lanl.gov; Zhang, Dongxiao 2; Affiliations: 1: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), MS T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Mewbourne School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, SEC T301, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 27 Issue 8, p775; Thesaurus Term: Soil permeability; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Equations; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical solutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unsaturated flow; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.05.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maxwell, Reed M.
AU  - Welty, Claire
AU  - Tompson, Andrew F.B.
T1  - Erratum to “Streamline-based simulation of virus transport resulting from long term artificial recharge in a heterogeneous aquifer” [Advances in Water Resources 2003;26(10):1075–96]
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 27
IS  - 8
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 857
EP  - 857
SN  - 03091708
N1  - Accession Number: 14187184; Maxwell, Reed M. 1; Email Address: maxwell5@llnl.gov Welty, Claire 2; Email Address: weltyc@umbc.edu Tompson, Andrew F.B. 1; Email Address: afbt@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Science Division, L-208, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Center For Urban Environmental Research and Education, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 27 Issue 8, p857; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.05.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoh, Jack J.
AU  - Xiaolin Zhong
AU  - Kaplan, Associate Editor: C.
T1  - New Hybrid Runge-Kutta Methods for Unsteady Reactive Flow Simulation.
JO  - AIAA Journal
JF  - AIAA Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1593
EP  - 1600
SN  - 00011452
AB  - In the numerical simulation of transient reacting flow, standard explicit calculation is prohibitively expensive because of the small time steps needed to address the stiffness of a governing differential system. To circumvent this, new hybrid implicit—explicit methods proposed treat the stiffness, whereas the underlying time-step control is governed by the Courant stability criterion. Because the coefficients of both explicit and implicit operations are entirely determined by solving the necessary conditions of accuracy and L stability without any extra assumptions, the methods are more generalized than other similar methods in the literature. Two families of semi-implicit Runge— Kutta schemes are developed for split differential equations in the form of u′ =f(t, u) + g(t, u), where f is treated explicitly and g is simultaneously treated implicitly. Like the rest of all the developed schemes, a low-storage family of semi-implicit schemes is also derived to be globally high-order accurate and L stable for implicit calculations. In a companion paper (Yoh, J. J., and Zhong, X., “New Hybrid Runge—Kutta Methods for Unsteady Reactive Flow Simulation: Applications” AIAA Journal, Vol. 42, No. 8, 2004, pp. 1601–1611) the new schemes are tested to solve a wide range of applications in high-speed flow physics involving combustion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIAA Journal is the property of American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - COMBUSTION
N1  - Accession Number: 14291463; Yoh, Jack J. 1 Xiaolin Zhong 2 Kaplan, Associate Editor: C.; Affiliation:  1: Staff Scientist, Energetic Materials Center, P.O. Box 808, L-268, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551  2: Professor, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 42 Issue 8, p1593; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wooten, R.E.
AU  - Macek, J.H.
T1  - Solutions of relativistic Newton's equations for nonconstant fields.
JO  - American Journal of Physics
JF  - American Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 72
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 998
EP  - 1001
SN  - 00029505
AB  - Newton's second law can be readily solved for many forces, but few situations can be solved for the relativistic form of Newton's second law. The only problems directly solvable are those involving charged particles in constant electromagnetic fields. If the external field represents a light pulse, Dirac's relativistic equation can be solved, as done by Volkov in 1935. Classical solutions based on Volkov's work employ the Hamilton-Jacobi equations. We discuss the solution of this problem using Newton's equations, thereby making the solution more accessible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Physics is the property of American Association of Physics Teachers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RELATIVITY (Physics)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - DIRAC equation
KW  - HAMILTON-Jacobi equations
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
N1  - Accession Number: 14107607; Wooten, R.E. 1 Macek, J.H. 1; Email Address: jmacek@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Tennessee 37996-1501 and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 72 Issue 8, p998; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RELATIVITY (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: DIRAC equation; Subject Term: HAMILTON-Jacobi equations; Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1119/1.1759357
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chakoumakos, Bryan C.
T1  - Preface to the Clathrate Hydrates special issue.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug/Sep2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1153
EP  - 1154
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Provides information on clathrate hydrates.  Factors that promote the growth of clathrate hydrates; Potential use of the natural gas from clathrate hydrates; Amount of natural gas contained in natural gas hydrates.
KW  - CLATHRATE compounds
KW  - NATURAL gas hydrates
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - MOLECULAR sieves
KW  - GASES
N1  - Accession Number: 14596670; Chakoumakos, Bryan C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak, Tennessee 37831-6393, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug/Sep2004, Vol. 89 Issue 8/9, p1153; Subject Term: CLATHRATE compounds; Subject Term: NATURAL gas hydrates; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR sieves; Subject Term: GASES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stern, Laura A.
AU  - Kirby, Stephen H.
AU  - Circone, Susan
AU  - Durham, William B.
T1  - Scanning Electron Microscopy investigations of laboratory-grown gas clathrate hydrates formed from melting ice, and comparison to natural hydrates.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug/Sep2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1162
EP  - 1175
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate grain texture and pore structure development within various compositions of pure sI and sII gas hydrates synthesized in the laboratory, as well as in natural samples retrieved from marine (Gulf of Mexico) and permafrost (NW Canada) settings. Several samples of methane hydrate were also quenched after various extents of partial reaction for assessment of mid-synthesis textural progression. All laboratory-synthesized hydrates were grown under relatively high-temperature and high-pressure conditions from rounded ice grains with geometrically simple pore shapes, yet all resulting samples displayed extensive recrystallization with complex pore geometry. Growth fronts of mesoporous methane hydrate advancing into dense ice reactant were prevalent in those samples quenched after limited reaction below and at the ice point. As temperatures transgress the ice point, grain surfaces continue to develop a discrete "rind" of hydrate, typically 5 to 30 µm thick. The cores then commonly melt, with rind microfracturing allowing migration of the melt to adjacent grain boundaries where it also forms hydrate. As the reaction continues under progressively warmer conditions, the hydrate product anneals to form dense and relatively pore-free regions of hydrate grains, in which grain size is typically several tens of micrometers. The prevalence of hollow, spheroidal shells of hydrate, coupled with extensive redistribution of reactant and product phases throughout reaction, implies that a diffusion-controlled shrinking-core model is an inappropriate description of sustained hydrate growth from melting ice. Completion of reaction at peak synthesis conditions then produces exceptional faceting and euhedral crystal growth along exposed pore walls. Further recrystallization or regrowth can then accompany even short-term exposure of synthetic hydrates to natural ocean-floor conditions, such that the final texture... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - METHANE
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14596672; Stern, Laura A. 1; Email Address: lstern@usgs.gov Kirby, Stephen H. 1 Circone, Susan 1 Durham, William B. 2; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, MS 977, Menlo Park, California 94025, U.S.A.  2: U.C. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug/Sep2004, Vol. 89 Issue 8/9, p1162; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 10 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bobev, Svilen
AU  - Tait, Kimberly T.
T1  - Methanol -- inhibitor or promoter of the formation of gas hydrates from deuterated ice?
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug/Sep2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1208
EP  - 1214
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Kinetic studies are reported of the effect of methanol on the rate of formation of CO2- and  CH4-hydrates by means of in situ time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction. The experiments were carried out at temperatures ranging from 200 to 250 K and pressures up to 7 MPa. The samples were prepared from mixtures of ground, deuterated ice and deuterated methanol (up to 20 vol%), which were transformed in situ into CO2- or CH4-hydrates by pressurizing the systems with the corresponding gas. The observed rates of formation of hydrates are orders of magnitude higher than the rate of formation from pure deuterated ice under the same pressure and temperature conditions. Glycols and alcohols, methanol in particular, are long known as thermodynamic inhibitors of hydrate formation. Our study indicates that methanol can also act as a kinetic promoter for the formation of gas hydrates. Preliminary data suggest that the kinetics also depend strongly on concentration and the isotopic composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - GASES
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
N1  - Accession Number: 14596677; Bobev, Svilen 1; Email Address: sbobev@lanl.gov Tait, Kimberly T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, LANSCE 12 MS H805, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug/Sep2004, Vol. 89 Issue 8/9, p1208; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riestenberg, David
AU  - Chiu, Elizabeth
AU  - Gborigi, Monsuru
AU  - Liyuan Liang
AU  - West, Olivia R.
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
T1  - Investigation of jet breakup and droplet size distribution of liquid CO2 and water systems--implications for CO2 hydrate formation for ocean carbon sequestration.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug/Sep2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1240
EP  - 1246
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - An experimental investigation has been conducted into the effect of fluid velocity and orifice size on the breakup patterns of liquid CO2 in water, as well as those for water in CO2. Under high-pressure and low-temperature conditions, the jet breakup patterns follow distinct Rayleigh, transitional, and spray modes. Droplet size distribution was determined in the different modes, with the spray mode producing the smallest droplets and the most uniform size distribution. The system appears to progress from transitional to spray mode when the Ohnesorge number is approximately 18 Re-1 Using this relationship, it is possible to predict the minimum injection rate necessary for spray mode at any injector diameter. Under hydrate-forming conditions, the jet breakup did not appear to be affected because breakup occurred faster than hydrate formation. However, injection into a confined space could promote droplet coalescence, resulting in a larger average drop size. These results can be used to control hydrate conversion in an ocean CO2 injection system and to ensure a large dispersion of injected CO2 during its sequestration in the ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SPEED
N1  - Accession Number: 14596681; Riestenberg, David 1 Chiu, Elizabeth 1 Gborigi, Monsuru 1 Liyuan Liang 1 West, Olivia R. 1 Tsouris, Costas 1; Email Address: tsourisc@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6181, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug/Sep2004, Vol. 89 Issue 8/9, p1240; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SPEED; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zatsepina, O. Y.
AU  - Riestenberg, D.
AU  - McCallum, S. D.
AU  - Gborigi, M.
AU  - Brandt, C.
AU  - Buffett, B. A.
AU  - Phelps, T. J.
T1  - Influence of water thermal history and overpressure on CO2-hydrate nucleation and morphology.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug/Sep2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1254
EP  - 1259
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - The onset of gas hydrate nucleation is greatly affected by the thermal history of the water that forms its lattice structure. Hydrate formation experiments were performed in a 72 L pressure vessel by injecting bubbles of carbon dioxide through a 1 L tube at hydrate formation pressures (1.4 to 3.7 MPa) and temperatures (2 to 5 °C). The results revealed that when even a small fraction (e.g., 5-35%) of the water in which the hydrate formed was recently thawed the overpressure for nucleation was reduced by an average of 50% as compared to untreated distilled water. This observation was confirmed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test that indicated that recently thawed water required a significantly lower overpressure compared to the untreated distilled water. In experiments where hydrate nucleated at low overpressure (e.g., 0.75 MPa), hydrate formed at the vapor-liquid interface, encrusting the bubbles with less than 1 g of hydrate accumulation in the first minute. When a higher overpressure was required for nucleation (e.g., 1.3 MPa), hydrate was observed to form abruptly not only on bubbles but also from the bulk liquid phase, typically accumulating a mass of more than 100 g in the first few seconds. Our results show that initiation of hydrate formation is strongly influenced by temperature-dependent pre-structuring of water molecules prior to their contact with gas. Although as little as a 5% volume fraction of pre-structured water may decrease the required overpressure, once hydrate formation commences the mass of hydrate accumulation is dependent on the overpressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - GASES
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - WATER
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14596683; Zatsepina, O. Y. 1 Riestenberg, D. 1 McCallum, S. D. 1 Gborigi, M. 1 Brandt, C. 1 Buffett, B. A. 2 Phelps, T. J. 1; Email Address: phelpstj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, U.S.A.  2: The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug/Sep2004, Vol. 89 Issue 8/9, p1254; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Easterling, Robert G.
T1  - Teaching Experimental Design.
JO  - American Statistician
JF  - American Statistician
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
EP  - 252
SN  - 15372731
AB  - After a career as a consulting statistician, I decided to teach. This article describes my evolving views as I developed and taught introductory university courses on experimental design, organized around and stimulated by three different texts and three different universities. Primarily, I found it to be essential, particularly at the course's beginning, to embed textbook examples in credible scientific or business contexts in order to try to convince students of the value of statistical experimental design and analysis in their subsequent careers. In contrast, uninteresting, even nonsensical, undeveloped examples that serve only as formula drill give students the opposite impression. My purpose in this article is to present selected expanded textbook examples and to use these illustrations to examine fundamental issues in experimental design such as: the importance of subject-matter, the choice of experimental units, the nature and purpose of blocking, and the contrast between random sampling and random assignment of treatments. These examples expose fundamental issues in how our profession functions in a collaborative environment and how we prepare the next generation of statisticians and statistically savvy professionals. My hope is that the illustrations provided will be directly useful to beginning instructors and provocative to the experienced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Statistician is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPERIMENTAL design
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - Blocking
KW  - Experimental units
KW  - Randomization
N1  - Accession Number: 14014464; Easterling, Robert G. 1; Email Address: rgeaste@comcast.net; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p244; Subject Term: EXPERIMENTAL design; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blocking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental units; Author-Supplied Keyword: Randomization; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
AU  - Lenth, Russell V.
T1  - Brief Reviews of Teaching Materials.
JO  - American Statistician
JF  - American Statistician
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 262
EP  - 263
SN  - 15372731
AB  - Reviews several books. "Applied Statistics: Analysis of Variance and Regression"; "Designing Experiments and Analyzing Data: A Model Comparison Perspective," by Scott Maxwell and Harold Delaney; "Step-by-Step Basic Statistics Using SAS: Exercises," by Larry Hatcher.
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - REVIEWS
KW  - MAXWELL, Scott
KW  - HATCHER, Larry
KW  - APPLIED Statistics (Book)
KW  - DESIGNING Experiments & Analyzing Data: A Model Comparison Perspective (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14014629; Anderson-Cook, Christine M. 1 Lenth, Russell V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory and The University of Iowa; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p262; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: REVIEWS; Reviews & Products: APPLIED Statistics (Book); Reviews & Products: DESIGNING Experiments & Analyzing Data: A Model Comparison Perspective (Book); People: MAXWELL, Scott; People: HATCHER, Larry; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edirisinghe, Praneeth D.
AU  - Lateef, Syed S.
AU  - Crot, Carrie A.
AU  - Hanley, Luke
AU  - Pellin, Michael J.
AU  - Calaway, Wallis F.
AU  - Moore, Jerry F.
T1  - Derivatization of Surface-Bound Peptides for Mass Spectrometric Detection via Threshold Single Photon Ionization.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4267
EP  - 4270
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Chemical derivatization of peptides allows efficient F2 laser single photon ionization (SPI) of Fmoc-derivatized peptides covalently bound to surfaces. Laser desorption photoionization mass spectrometry using 337-nm pulses for desorption and 157.6-nm pulses for threshold SPI forms large ions identified as common peptide fragments bound to either Fmoc or the surface linker. Electronic structure calculations indicate the Fmoc label is behaving as an ionization tag for the entire peptide, lowering the ionization potential of the complex below the 7.87-eV photon energy. This method should allow detection of many molecular species covalently or electrostatically bound to surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14260031; Edirisinghe, Praneeth D. 1 Lateef, Syed S. 1 Crot, Carrie A. 1 Hanley, Luke 1; Email Address: lhanley@uic.edu. Pellin, Michael J. 2 Calaway, Wallis F. 2 Moore, Jerry F. 2; Email Address: moore@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607.  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 15, p4267; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: LASERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, Seong Ho
AU  - Lee, Seungah
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - Direct Observation of Single Native DNA Molecules in a Microchannel by Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4459
EP  - 4464
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Direct observation of single native DNA molecules in a microchannel was monitored without fluorescence-dye labeling. At a PDMS/glass microchip, the image of individual λ-DNA molecules appear sharp and distinct in Nomarski differential interference contrast microscopy. Intercalator dyes affected the physical properties and dynamic behavior of individual DNA molecules. From the migration velocities in the microchannel it is evident that native DNA molecules migrated faster than DNA molecules labeled with the intercalator YOYO-1. This is because YOYO- 1 increases the molecular weight and size of λ-DNA and decreases the charge. The electric field strength and pH also affected the dynamics of single DNA molecules. We also observed that YOYO-labeled DNA was more stretched out compared to native DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - GENES
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 14260060; Kang, Seong Ho 1 Lee, Seungah 1 Yeung, Edward S. 2; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea, and Ames Laboratory-USDOE.  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 15, p4459; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bao, Lili
AU  - Mahurin, Shannon M.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - Controlled Layer-By-Layer Formation of Ultrathin TiO&sub2; on Silver island Films via a Surface Sol-Gel Method for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Measurement.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4531
EP  - 4536
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A surface sol-gel process has been demonstrated to be an effective method for the surface modification of silver island films as unique SERS substrates for monitoring molecular adsorption on a dielectric titania surface. This layer-by-layer approach allows control of the thickness of the dielectric surface with a monolayer precision on silver surfaces. The enhancement of Raman scattering from adsorbed Rhodamine 6G molecules is inversely proportional to the thickness of the titania film, which is consistent with the decay of electromagnetic enhancement Despite a reduction in the sensitivity of the film, a substantial improvement in the film was achieved as a result of the enhanced stability of this substrate compared to the silver island film without a TiO2 coating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - FILMSTRIPS
KW  - SILVER
KW  - PRECIOUS metals
KW  - REFRACTION (Optics)
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 14260070; Bao, Lili 1 Mahurin, Shannon M. 1 Dai, Sheng 1; Email Address: dais@ornal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 15, p4531; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: FILMSTRIPS; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: PRECIOUS metals; Subject Term: REFRACTION (Optics); Subject Term: DIFFUSION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212221 Gold Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212220 Gold and silver ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, Simon
AU  - Singh, Anup K.
AU  - Kirby, Brian J.
T1  - Electrophoretic Concentration of Proteins at Laser-Patterned Nanoporous Membranes in Microchips.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4589
EP  - 4592
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Laser-patterning of nanoporous membranes at the junction of a cross channel in a microchip is used to integrate protein concentration with an electrokinetic injection scheme. Upon application of voltage, linear electrophoretic concentration of charged proteins is achieved at the membrane surface because buffer ions can easily pass through the membrane while proteins larger than the molecular weight cutoff of the membrane are retained. Sample preconcentration steps are ever-present components of analytical systems, since concentration of trace samples facilitates their detection.
KW  - ELECTROPHORESIS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - PHASE partition
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 14260079; Song, Simon 1 Singh, Anup K. 1 Kirby, Brian J. 1; Email Address: bjkirby@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 15, p4589; Subject Term: ELECTROPHORESIS; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHASE partition; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: PROTEINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eastman, J. A.
AU  - Phillpot, S. R.
AU  - Choi, S. U. S.
AU  - Keblinski, P.
T1  - THERMAL TRANSPORT IN NANOFLUIDS[1].
JO  - Annual Review of Materials Research
JF  - Annual Review of Materials Research
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 246
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15317331
AB  - Nanofluids, consisting of nanometer-sized solid particles and fibers dispersed in liquids, have recently been demonstrated to have great potential for improving the heat transfer properties of liquids. Several characteristic behaviors of nanofluids have been identified, including the possibility of obtaining large increases in thermal conductivity compared with liquids without nanoparticles, strong temperature-dependent effects, and significant increases in critical heat flux. Observed behavior is in many cases anomalous with respect to the predictions of existing macroscopic theories, indicating the need for a new theory that properly accounts for the unique features of nanofluids. Theoretical studies of the possible heat transfer mechanisms have been initiated, but to date obtaining an atomic- and microscale-level understanding of how heat is transferred in nanofluids remains the greatest challenge that must be overcome in order to realize the full potential of this new class of heat transfer fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Materials Research is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - heat transfer
KW  - Kapitza resistance
KW  - nanocomposites
KW  - nanoparticles
KW  - thermal conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 13970073; Eastman, J. A. 1; Email Address: jeastman@anl.gov Phillpot, S. R. 2; Email Address: phillpot@mse.ufl.edu Choi, S. U. S. 3; Email Address: choi@anl.gov Keblinski, P. 4; Email Address: keblip@rpi.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611  3: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  4: Materials Science and Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p219; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kapitza resistance; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanocomposites; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal conductivity; Number of Pages: 28p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.matsci.34.052803.090621
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Redondo, Antonio
AU  - LeSar, Richard
T1  - MODELING AND SIMULATION OF BIOMATERIALS.
JO  - Annual Review of Materials Research
JF  - Annual Review of Materials Research
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 314
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15317331
AB  - Modeling and simulation are becoming increasingly accepted components of materials research. In this review we discuss application of modeling and simulation in the developing field of biomaterials. To restrict the discussion somewhat, we focus primarily on the structure and properties of biomaterials and do not discuss biochemical or biomedical applications. We start with a discussion of how atomistic-level simulation can be used to study molecules and collections of molecules. We then focus on mesoscale simulations of structure and properties, followed by a brief review of continuum-scale approaches. We end with some thoughts on the future of modeling and simulation in biomaterials applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Materials Research is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL engineering
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - biology
KW  - soft matter
KW  - theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13970093; Redondo, Antonio 1; Email Address: redondo@lanl.gov LeSar, Richard 1; Email Address: lesar@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p279; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL engineering; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Author-Supplied Keyword: biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: soft matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: theory; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.matsci.34.070503.123908
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Freedman, David L.
AU  - Swamy, Meghna
AU  - Bell, Nathan C.
AU  - Verce, Matthew F.
T1  - Biodegradation of Chloromenthane of Pseudomonas aeuginosa Strain NB1 under Nitrate-Reducing and Aerobic Conditions.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 70
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4629
EP  - 4634
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain NB1 uses chloromethane (CM) as its sole source of carbon and energy under nitrate-reducing and aerobic conditions. The observed yield of NB1 was 0.20 (±0.06) (mean ± standard deviation) and 0.28 (±0.01) mg of total suspended solids (TSS) mg of CM-1 under anoxic and aerobic conditions, respectively. The stoichiometry of nitrate consumption was 0.75 (±0.10) electron equivalents (eeq) of NO3¯ per eeq of CM, which is consistent with the yield when it is expressed on an eeq basis. Nitrate was stoichiometrically converted to dinitrogen (0.51 ± 0.05 mol of N2 per mol of NO3¯). The stoichiometry of oxygen use with CM (0.85 ± 0.21 eeq of 02 per eeq of CM) was also consistent with the aerobic yield. Stoichiometric release of chloride and minimal accumulation of soluble metabolic products (measured as chemical oxygen demand) following CM consumption, under anoxic and aerobic conditions, indicated complete biodegradation of CM. Acetylene did not inhibit CM use under aerobic conditions, implying that a monooxygenase was not involved in initiating aerobic CM metabolism. Under anoxic conditions, the maximum specific CM utilization rate (k) for NB1 was 5.01 (±0.06) μmol of CM mg of TSS-1 day-1, the maximum specific growth rate (μmax) was 0.0506 day-1, and the Monod half-saturation coefficient (Ks) was 0.067 (&lusmn;0.004) μM. Under aerobic conditions, the values for k, μmax, and Ks were 10.7 (±0.11) μmol of CM mg of TSS-1 day-1, 0.145 day-1, and 0.93 (±0.042) μM, respectively, indicating that NB1 used CM faster under aerobic conditions. Strain NB1 also grew on methanol, ethanol, and acetate under denitrifying and aerobic conditions, but not on methane, formate, or dichloromethane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14355386; Freedman, David L. 1; Email Address: dfreedm@clemson.edu Swamy, Meghna 2 Bell, Nathan C. 3 Verce, Matthew F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634  2: Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc., Stoughton, Massachusetts 02072  3: Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Aiken, South Carolina 29808  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 70 Issue 8, p4629; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa; Subject Term: BIODEGRADATION; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.8.4629-4634.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eirich, L. Dudley
AU  - Craft, David L.
AU  - Steinberg, Lisa
AU  - Asif, Sfreen
AU  - Eschenfeldt, William H.
AU  - Stols, Lucy
AU  - Donnelly, Mark I.
AU  - Wilson, C. Ron
T1  - Cloning and Characterization of Three Fatty Alcohol Oxidase Genes from Candida Tropicalis Strain ATCC 20336.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 70
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4872
EP  - 4879
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Candida tropicalis (ATCC 20336) converts fatty acids to long-chain dicarboxylic acids via a pathway that includes among other reactions the oxidation of ω-hydroxy fatty acids to ω-aldehydes by a fatty alcohol oxidase (FAO). Three FAO genes (one gene designated FAO1 and two putative allelic genes designated FAO2a and FAO2b), have been cloned and sequenced from this strain. A comparison of the DNA sequence homology and derived amino acid sequence homology between these three genes and previously published Candida FAO genes indicates that FAO1 and FAO2 are distinct genes. Both genes were individually cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The substrate specificity and Km values for the recombinant FAO1 and FAO2 were significantly different. Particularly striking is the fact that FAO1 oxidizes ω-hydroxy fatty acids but not 2-alkanols, whereas FAO2 oxidizes 2-alkanols but not ω-hydroxy fatty acids. Analysis of extracts of strain H5343 during growth on fatty acids indicated that only FAO1 was highly induced under these conditions. FAO2 contains one CTG codon, which codes for serine (amino acid 177) in C. tropicalis but codes for leucine in E. coli. An FAO2a construct, with a TCG codon (codes for serine in E. coli) substituted for the CTG codon, was prepared and expressed in E. coli. Neither the substrate specificity nor the Km values for the FAO2a variant with a serine at position 177 were radically different from those of the variant with a leucine at that position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANDIDA tropicalis
KW  - CANDIDA
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - CARBOXYLIC acids
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - AMINO acid sequence
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 14355417; Eirich, L. Dudley 1; Email Address: dudley-eirich@cinci.rr.com Craft, David L. 1,2 Steinberg, Lisa 1,3 Asif, Sfreen 1 Eschenfeldt, William H. 4 Stols, Lucy 4 Donnelly, Mark I. 4 Wilson, C. Ron 1; Affiliation:  1: Biotechnology Group, Cognis Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio  2: Food and Drug Administration, Forensic Chemistry Center, Cincinnati, OH  3: Civil Engineering Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA  4: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 70 Issue 8, p4872; Subject Term: CANDIDA tropicalis; Subject Term: CANDIDA; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Subject Term: CARBOXYLIC acids; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: AMINO acid sequence; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.8.4872-4879.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barton, J. W.
AU  - Kuritz, T.
AU  - O'Connor, L. E.
AU  - Ma, C. Y.
AU  - Maskarinec, M. P.
AU  - Davison, B. H.
T1  - Reductive transformation of methyl parathion by the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC7120.
JO  - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
JF  - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 65
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 330
EP  - 335
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01757598
AB  - Organophosphorus compounds are toxic chemicals that are applied worldwide as household pesticides and for crop protection, and they are stockpiled for chemical warfare. As a result, they are routinely detected in air and water. Methods and routes of biodegradation of these compounds are being sought. We report that under aerobic, photosynthetic conditions, the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. transformed methyl parathion first to o,o-dimethyl o-p-nitrosophenyl thiophosphate and then to o,o-dimethyl o-p-aminophenyl thiophosphate by reducing the nitro group. The process of methyl parathion transformation occurred in the light, but not in the dark. Methyl parathion was toxic to cyanobacteria in the dark but did not affect their viability in the light. Methyl parathion transformation was not affected by mutations in the genes involved in nitrate reduction in cyanobacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cyanobacteria
KW  - Plant protection
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Anabaena
KW  - Organophosphorus compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 15410761; Barton, J. W. 1; Kuritz, T. 2,3; Email Address: kuritzt@ornl.gov; O'Connor, L. E. 1; Ma, C. Y. 2; Maskarinec, M. P. 2; Davison, B. H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN , 37831, USA; 2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6194, Oak Ridge, TN , 37831-6194, USA; 3: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 65 Issue 3, p330; Thesaurus Term: Cyanobacteria; Thesaurus Term: Plant protection; Thesaurus Term: Biodegradation; Subject Term: Anabaena; Subject Term: Organophosphorus compounds; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00253-004-1557-y
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zangar, Richard C.
AU  - Fan, Yang-Yi
AU  - Chapkin, Robert S.
T1  - Interactions of phospholipase D and cytochrome P450 protein stability
JO  - Biochemical Pharmacology
JF  - Biochemical Pharmacology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 68
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 512
SN  - 00062952
AB  - Previous studies have suggested a relationship between cytochrome P450 (P450) 3A (CYP3A) conformation and the phospholipid composition of the associated membrane. In this study, we utilized a novel microsomal incubation system that mimics many of the characteristics of CYP3A degradation pathway that have been observed in vivo and in cultured cells to study the effects of phospholipid composition on protein stability. We found that addition of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase D (PLD) stabilized CYP3A in this system, but that phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PLC) was without effect. Addition of phosphatidic acid also stabilized CYP3A protein in the microsomes. The use of 1,10-phenanthroline (phenanthroline), an inhibitor of PLD activity, decreased CYP3A stability in incubated microsomes. Similarly, 6-h treatment of primary cultures of rat hepatocytes with phenanthroline resulted in nearly complete loss of CYP3A protein. Treatment of rats with nicardipine or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), which have been shown to affect CYP3A stability, altered the phospholipid composition of hepatic microsomes. It did not appear, though, that the changes in phospholipid composition that resulted from these in vivo treatments accounted for the change in CYP3A stability observed in hepatic microsomes from these animals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical Pharmacology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPASES
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - HEMOPROTEINS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - 1,10-phenanthroline (phenanthroline)
KW  - CYP3A
KW  - Cytochrome P450
KW  - cytochrome P450 (P450)
KW  - cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A)
KW  - dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)
KW  - high-molecular mass (HMM)
KW  - Liver
KW  - Microsomes
KW  - phospholipase C (PLC)
KW  - Phospholipase D
KW  - phospholipase D (PLD)
KW  - Phospholipids
N1  - Accession Number: 13704467; Zangar, Richard C. 1; Email Address: richard.zangar@pnl.gov Fan, Yang-Yi 2 Chapkin, Robert S. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA  3: Center for Environmental and Rural Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 68 Issue 3, p503; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPASES; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: HEMOPROTEINS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,10-phenanthroline (phenanthroline); Author-Supplied Keyword: CYP3A; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome P450; Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome P450 (P450); Author-Supplied Keyword: cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A); Author-Supplied Keyword: dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO); Author-Supplied Keyword: high-molecular mass (HMM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Liver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microsomes; Author-Supplied Keyword: phospholipase C (PLC); Author-Supplied Keyword: Phospholipase D; Author-Supplied Keyword: phospholipase D (PLD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Phospholipids; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.04.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krishnan, V.V.
AU  - Fink, William H.
AU  - Feeney, Robert E.
AU  - Yeh, Yin
T1  - Translational dynamics of antifreeze glycoprotein in supercooled water
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 110
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 230
SN  - 03014622
AB  - Structure and dynamics of biomolecules in supercooled water assume a particular and distinct importance in the case of antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs), which function at sub-zero temperatures. To investigate whether any large-scale structural digressions in the supercooled state are correlated to the function of AFGPs, self-diffusion behavior of the AFGP8, the smallest AFGP is monitored as a function of temperature from 243 to 303 K using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The experimental results are compared with the hydrodynamic calculations using the viscosity of water at the same temperature range. In order to evaluate results on AFGP8, the smallest AFGP, constituting approximately two-thirds of the total AFGP fraction in fish blood serum, similar experimental and computational calculations were also performed on a set of globular proteins. These results show that even though the general trend of translational dynamics of AFGP is similar to that of the other globular proteins, AFGP8 appears to be more hydrated (approximately 30% increase in the bead radius) than the others over the temperature range studied. These results also suggest that local conformational changes such as segmental librations or hydrogen bond dynamics that are closer to the protein surface are more likely the determining dynamic factors for the function of AFGPs rather than any large-scale structural rearrangements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - Antifreeze glycoprotein (AFGP)
KW  - Protein
KW  - Self-diffusion
KW  - Supercooled water
N1  - Accession Number: 13625023; Krishnan, V.V. 1; Email Address: krish@llnl.gov Fink, William H. 2 Feeney, Robert E. 3 Yeh, Yin 4; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Biophysics Group, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 110 Issue 3, p223; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antifreeze glycoprotein (AFGP); Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Supercooled water; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bpc.2004.02.005
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - May, Elebeoba E.
AU  - Vouk, Mladen A.
AU  - Bitzer, Donald L.
AU  - Rosnick, David I.
T1  - Coding theory based models for protein translation initiation in prokaryotic organisms
JO  - Biosystems
JF  - Biosystems
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 76
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 260
SN  - 03032647
AB  - Our research explores the feasibility of using communication theory, error control (EC) coding theory specifically, for quantitatively modeling the protein translation initiation mechanism. The messenger RNA (mRNA) of Escherichia coli K-12 is modeled as a noisy (errored), encoded signal and the ribosome as a minimum Hamming distance decoder, where the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) serves as a template for generating a set of valid codewords (the codebook). We tested the E. coli based coding models on <F>5′</F> untranslated leader sequences of prokaryotic organisms of varying taxonomical relation to E. coli including: Salmonella typhimurium LT2, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus Mu50. The model identified regions on the <F>5′</F> untranslated leader where the minimum Hamming distance values of translated mRNA sub-sequences and non-translated genomic sequences differ the most. These regions correspond to the Shine–Dalgarno domain and the non-random domain. Applying the EC coding-based models to B. subtilis, and S. aureus Mu50 yielded results similar to those for E. coli K-12. Contrary to our expectations, the behavior of S. typhimurium LT2, the more taxonomically related to E. coli, resembled that of the non-translated sequence group. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosystems is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - FOOD poisoning
KW  - BACILLUS subtilis
KW  - MICROCOCCACEAE
KW  - Coding theory
KW  - Information processing
KW  - Information theory
KW  - Translation initiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14313416; May, Elebeoba E. 1; Email Address: eemay@sandia.vgov Vouk, Mladen A. 2 Bitzer, Donald L. 2 Rosnick, David I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Computational Biology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Computer Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 76 Issue 1-3, p249; Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: FOOD poisoning; Subject Term: BACILLUS subtilis; Subject Term: MICROCOCCACEAE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coding theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Translation initiation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.05.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agblevor, F.A.
AU  - Murden, A.
AU  - Hames, B.R.
T1  - Improved method of analysis of biomass sugars using high-performance liquid chromatography.
JO  - Biotechnology Letters
JF  - Biotechnology Letters
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 26
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 1207
EP  - 1210
SN  - 01415492
AB  - The precise quantitative analysis of biomass derived sugars is a very important step in the conversion of biomass feedstocks to fuels and chemicals. However, the most accurate method of biomass sugar analysis is based on the gas chromatography analysis of derivatized sugars either as alditol acetates or trimethylsilanes. The derivatization method is time-consuming but the alternative HPLC method cannot resolve most sugars found in biomass hydrolysates. We have demonstrated for the first time that by careful manipulation of the HPLC mobile phase, biomass monomeric sugars (arabinose, xylose, fructose, glucose, mannose, and galactose) can be analyzed quantitatively and there is excellent baseline resolution of all the sugars. This was demonstrated for both standard sugars and corn stover hydrolysates. Our method can also be used to analyze dimmeric sugars (cellobiose and sucrose). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Glycosides
KW  - Sucrose
KW  - Sugars
KW  - biomass hydrolysates
KW  - biomass sugars
KW  - glucose
KW  - HPLC analysis
KW  - xylose
N1  - Accession Number: 16762653; Agblevor, F.A. 1; Email Address: Fagblevo@vt.edu; Murden, A. 1; Hames, B.R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 26 Issue 15, p1207; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Glycosides; Subject Term: Sucrose; Subject Term: Sugars; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomass hydrolysates; Author-Supplied Keyword: biomass sugars; Author-Supplied Keyword: glucose; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPLC analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: xylose; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Ooteghem, Suellen A.
AU  - Jones, Amy
AU  - van der Lelie, Daniel
AU  - Dong, Bin
AU  - Mahajan, Devinder
T1  - H2 production and carbon utilization by Thermotoga neapolitana under anaerobic and microaerobic growth conditions.
JO  - Biotechnology Letters
JF  - Biotechnology Letters
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 26
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 1223
EP  - 1232
SN  - 01415492
AB  - H2 production by Petrotoga miotherma, Thermosipho africanus, Thermotoga elfii, Fervidobacterium pennavorans, and Thermotoga neapolitana was compared under microaerobic conditions. Contrary to these previously reported strains being strict anaerobes, all tested strains grew and produced H2 in the presence of micromolar levels of O2. T. neapolitana showed the highest H2 production under these conditions. Microscopic counting techniques were used to determine growth curves and doubling times, which were subsequently correlated with optical density measurements. The Biolog anaerobic microtiter plate system was used to analyze the carbon source utilization spectrum of T. neapolitana and to select non-metabolized or poorly metabolized carbohydrates as physiological buffers. Itaconic acid was successfully used as a buffer to overcome pH-induced limitations of cell growth and to facilitate enhanced production of CO-free H2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Bacterial diseases
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - Medical bacteriology
KW  - hydrogen production
KW  - micro aerobic
KW  - microaerobic
KW  - thermophiles
KW  - Thermotoga neapolitana
KW  - thermotogales
N1  - Accession Number: 16762647; Van Ooteghem, Suellen A. 1; Jones, Amy 1; van der Lelie, Daniel 2; Email Address: vdlelied@bnl.gov; Dong, Bin 3; Mahajan, Devinder 3; Affiliations: 1: National Technology Energy Laboratory (NETL), 3610 Collins Ferry Rd., Morgantown, WV 26507, USA.; 2: BioHydroGenesys Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.; 3: Energy Sciences & Technology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA and Materials Science & Engineering Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794-2275, USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 26 Issue 15, p1223; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Bacterial diseases; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Subject Term: Carbohydrates; Subject Term: Medical bacteriology; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen production; Author-Supplied Keyword: micro aerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: microaerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermophiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermotoga neapolitana; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermotogales; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borole
AU  - A. P.
AU  - Cheng
AU  - C. L.
AU  - Davison
AU  - B. H.
T1  - Substrate Desolvation as a Governing Factor in Enzymatic Transformations of PAHs in Aqueous-Acetonitrile Mixtures.
JO  - Biotechnology Progress
JF  - Biotechnology Progress
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1251
EP  - 1254
SN  - 87567938
AB  - Conversion of hydrophobic substrates such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was studied in aqueous-organic media using transformation of pyrene by cytochrome c. The experiments were conducted in pure solvents and aqueous-acetonitrile mixtures. The reaction rates dropped gradually as the solvent concentration was increased and were negligible in pure solvents. Thermodynamic calculations show that substrate desolvation was the governing factor in this reaction. The decrease in free energy of activation upon increasing the solvent concentration was found to be proportional to the substrate transfer free energy. This suggests that in order to make such reactions feasible in organic media, it will be necessary to improve the binding between the proteins and the substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Progress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Biomolecules
KW  - Plasticizers
KW  - Proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 14701952; Borole; A. P. 1; Cheng; C. L. 1; Davison; B. H. 1; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1-Bethel Valley Road, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6226, and Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, The University of Tennessee, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p1251; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Biomolecules; Thesaurus Term: Plasticizers; Subject Term: Proteins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Lisa M.
AU  - Novatt, Jaclyn Tetenbaum
AU  - Hamerman, David
AU  - Carlson, Cathy S.
T1  - Alterations in mineral composition observed in osteoarthritic joints of cynomolgus monkeys
JO  - BONE
JF  - BONE
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 498
EP  - 506
SN  - 87563282
AB  - Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease that affects more than 40 million Americans and is characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage and thickening of the underlying subchondral bone. Although subchondral bone thickening has been implicated in articular cartilage degeneration, very little is known about the composition of subchondral bone in OA. In the present study, infrared microspectroscopy (IRMS) was used to determine the chemical composition of the calcified cartilage–subchondral bone plate in a monkey model of OA. Specifically, the levels of mineralization (mineral/protein ratio), carbonate accumulation (carbonate/protein ratio), crystallinity, and collagen structure were determined as a function of animal age and OA severity. OA severity was assessed using a grading scheme that included scores or measurements for several histomorphometric parameters including articular cartilage fibrillation or clefting, subchondral bone thickness, and numbers of tidemarks and chondrocyte clones. Individual scores and measurements were summarized using principal components (factor) analysis. Results demonstrated that the level of mineralization and carbonate content increased as a function of animal age. In addition, bone mineralization level increased as subchondral bone thickness increased. Dramatic increases in the mineralization level and carbonate accumulation were also observed as a function of the number of tidemarks. The presence of multiple tidemarks indicates the occurrence of one or more additional phases of cartilage calcification, suggesting that the observed compositional changes are due to cartilage mineralization. Our results support a reactivation of endochondral ossification that occurs with age, which is more pronounced in OA. No relationships were observed between mineral crystallinity and collagen cross-linking as a function of age or OA severity. In summary, compositional analysis of the mineralized plate beneath the articular cartilage in OA is characterized by thickened, overmineralized calcified cartilage or subchondral bone, which likely puts added mechanical stress on the joint, contributing to the progression of OA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BONE is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSTEOARTHRITIS
KW  - JOINTS (Anatomy) -- Diseases
KW  - CARTILAGE
KW  - BONE densitometry
KW  - MONKEYS as laboratory animals
KW  - Calcified cartilage
KW  - Cynomolgus monkeys
KW  - infrared (IR)
KW  - Infrared microspectroscopy
KW  - infrared microspectroscopy (IRMS)
KW  - Osteoarthritis
KW  - osteoarthritis (OA)
KW  - Subchondral bone
KW  - Tidemarks
N1  - Accession Number: 13904918; Miller, Lisa M. 1; Email Address: lmiller@bnl.gov Novatt, Jaclyn Tetenbaum 1 Hamerman, David 2 Carlson, Cathy S. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA  3: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p498; Subject Term: OSTEOARTHRITIS; Subject Term: JOINTS (Anatomy) -- Diseases; Subject Term: CARTILAGE; Subject Term: BONE densitometry; Subject Term: MONKEYS as laboratory animals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcified cartilage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cynomolgus monkeys; Author-Supplied Keyword: infrared (IR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared microspectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: infrared microspectroscopy (IRMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Osteoarthritis; Author-Supplied Keyword: osteoarthritis (OA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Subchondral bone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tidemarks; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bone.2004.03.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doran, J. C.
T1  - Characteristics of Intermittent Turbulent Temperature Fluxes in Stable Conditions.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 112
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
EP  - 255
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - The behaviour of intermittent turbulent temperature fluxes is characterized in terms of a flux interval, defined as the time interval over which flux values are computed, and a flux threshold value. Fluxes whose magnitudes exceed the threshold value are defined as flux events while the times when the threshold is not exceeded are defined as gaps. Turbulent temperature flux data from five sites in Kansas, Utah, and Washington State, U.S.A. are examined within this descriptive framework. The turbulent event fraction f turb, the ratio of the time occupied by turbulent events to the total sampling time, is found to depend linearly on the average flux for the sampling period over a range of flux intervals, threshold values, and sampling times. As the average flux for a sampling period decreases toward zero, the median magnitude of the fluxes during the gaps also decreases but the median fluxes during the turbulent events become nearly independent of the sampling period average. A wide range of values of f turb is found for gradient Richardson numbers less than 0.3, indicating the possibility of considerable intermittency under weakly to moderately stable conditions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Intermittency (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology)
KW  - Kansas
KW  - Utah
KW  - Washington (State)
KW  - United States
KW  - Intermittent turbulence
KW  - Stable boundary layer
KW  - Temperature fluxes
N1  - Accession Number: 15100535; Doran, J. C. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A.; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 112 Issue 2, p241; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Subject Term: Turbulence; Subject Term: Intermittency (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Subject: Kansas; Subject: Utah; Subject: Washington (State); Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermittent turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stable boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature fluxes; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bazjanac, Vladimir
T1  - Building energy performance simulation as part of interoperable software environments
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 879
EP  - 883
SN  - 03601323
AB  - Interoperable software makes it possible to seamlessly exchange data among different compliant applications. Among other benefits, this offers opportunities to increase the quality of building energy simulation through simultaneous interaction of multiple design and simulation tools, possible because of direct data exchange among them.This paper discusses the new IFC HVAC extension schemata that are included in the latest release of the IFC data model <f>(IFC2×2)</f> and the new functionalities and industry processes it now supports. It describes an example of interoperable software environment, possible gains from interoperable simulation, and discusses current issues in data exchange for such simulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Air conditioning
KW  - Buildings
KW  - Heating & ventilation industry
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Data exchange
KW  - Data model
KW  - Energy performance
KW  - HVAC
KW  - IFC
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Software development
KW  - Software interfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 13106802; Bazjanac, Vladimir 1; Email Address: v_bazjanac@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, MS 90-3111, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p879; Thesaurus Term: Air conditioning; Thesaurus Term: Buildings; Thesaurus Term: Heating & ventilation industry; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: HVAC; Author-Supplied Keyword: IFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software development; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software interfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.01.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wetter, Michael
AU  - Wright, Jonathan
T1  - A comparison of deterministic and probabilistic optimization algorithms for nonsmooth simulation-based optimization
JO  - Building & Environment
JF  - Building & Environment
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 989
EP  - 999
SN  - 03601323
AB  - In solving optimization problems for building design and control, the cost function is often evaluated using a detailed building simulation program. These programs contain code features that cause the cost function to be discontinuous. Optimization algorithms that require smoothness can fail on such problems. Evaluating the cost function is often so time-consuming that stochastic optimization algorithms are run using only a few simulations, which decreases the probability of getting close to a minimum. To show how applicable direct search, stochastic, and gradient-based optimization algorithms are for solving such optimization problems, we compare the performance of these algorithms in minimizing cost functions with different smoothness. We also explain what causes the large discontinuities in the cost functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Building & Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Buildings -- Environmental engineering
KW  - Mathematical optimization
KW  - Combinatorial optimization
KW  - Design
KW  - Coordinate search
KW  - Direct search
KW  - Genetic algorithm
KW  - Hooke–Jeeves
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Particle swarm optimization
N1  - Accession Number: 13106813; Wetter, Michael 1; Email Address: mwetter@lbl.gov; Wright, Jonathan 2; Email Address: j.a.wright@lboro.ac.uk; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Simulation Research Group, Building Technologies Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p989; Thesaurus Term: Buildings -- Environmental engineering; Subject Term: Mathematical optimization; Subject Term: Combinatorial optimization; Subject Term: Design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coordinate search; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct search; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hooke–Jeeves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle swarm optimization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.01.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klett, James W.
AU  - McMillan, April D.
AU  - Gallego, Nidia C.
AU  - Burchell, Timothy D.
AU  - Walls, Claudia A.
T1  - Effects of heat treatment conditions on the thermal properties of mesophase pitch-derived graphitic foams
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug/Sep2004
VL  - 42
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1849
EP  - 1852
SN  - 00086223
KW  - A. Mesophase pitch, porous carbon
KW  - B. Heat treatment
KW  - D. Thermal conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 13432325; Klett, James W.; Email Address: klettjw@ornl.gov McMillan, April D. 1 Gallego, Nidia C. 1 Burchell, Timothy D. 1 Walls, Claudia A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug/Sep2004, Vol. 42 Issue 8/9, p1849; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Mesophase pitch, porous carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Heat treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Thermal conductivity; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.01.057
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gutierrez-Mora, F.
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Chen, Nan
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
T1  - Joining advanced ceramics by plastic flow
JO  - Ceramics International
JF  - Ceramics International
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 30
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1945
EP  - 1948
SN  - 02728842
AB  - Al2O3/Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) and La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 ceramics were joined by plastic deformation at 1200–1350 °C. Pieces were joined directly to each other or with an interlayer. For some of the Al2O3/YSZ specimens, the interlayer was applied by spraying of powders entrained in an organic vehicle. All final joints were as dense as the host ceramics and generally featured finer grain sizes. When dissimilar compositions were joined, thermal residual stresses were generated. Choice of composition could tailor these stresses and produce joints that were as strong as the surrounding ceramics. Strength of the Al2O3/YSZ joints and the electrical resistivity of a joint in La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 were as good as those of the host ceramics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMIC powders
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - DEFORMATION of surfaces
KW  - ADHESIVE joints
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - A. Joining
KW  - B. Microstructure-final
KW  - C. Electrical properties
KW  - C. Mechanical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 14253029; Gutierrez-Mora, F. 1 Goretta, K.C. 1 Chen, Nan 1 Routbort, J.L.; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 30 Issue 7, p1945; Subject Term: CERAMIC powders; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: DEFORMATION of surfaces; Subject Term: ADHESIVE joints; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Joining; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Microstructure-final; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Electrical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Mechanical properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ceramint.2003.12.188
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Püttner, R.
AU  - Kolczewski, C.
AU  - Martins, M.
AU  - Schlachter, A.S.
AU  - Snell, G.
AU  - Sant'Anna, M.
AU  - Viefhaus, J.
AU  - Hermann, K.
AU  - Kaindl, G.
T1  - The C 1s NEXAFS spectrum of benzene below threshold: Rydberg or valence character of the unoccupied σ-type orbitals
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 393
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 361
EP  - 366
SN  - 00092614
AB  - High-resolution C 1s near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of benzene and benzene-d6 were measured and compared with the results of state-of-the-art density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrating excellent agreement. The spectrum below threshold is dominated by four resonances, each two of them with σ- and π-type final-state orbitals. The π-type resonances have been ascribed in previous work unanimously to antibonding valence orbitals while the character of the σ-type resonances is still the subject of discussion. Based on the present theoretical results and the observed vibrational fine structures both σ-type orbitals are assigned to be valence type with minor admixtures of Rydberg character. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESOMERISM
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - VALENCE (Chemistry)
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 13806512; Püttner, R. 1; Email Address: puettner@physik.fu-berlin.de Kolczewski, C. 2 Martins, M. 1 Schlachter, A.S. 3 Snell, G. 3,4 Sant'Anna, M. 3 Viefhaus, J. 2 Hermann, K. 2 Kaindl, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Experimentalphysik, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany  2: Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5151, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 393 Issue 4-6, p361; Subject Term: MESOMERISM; Subject Term: BENZENE; Subject Term: VALENCE (Chemistry); Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.053
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Page, Katharine
AU  - Proffen, Thomas
AU  - Terrones, Humberto
AU  - Terrones, Mauricio
AU  - Lee, Lily
AU  - Yang, Yan
AU  - Stemmer, Susanne
AU  - Seshadri, Ram
AU  - Cheetham, Anthony K.
T1  - Direct observation of the structure of gold nanoparticles by total scattering powder neutron diffraction
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 393
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 388
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Fluorothiol-capped fcc gold nanoparticles, with a mean diameter of approximately 4 nm have been studied using total scattering powder neutron diffraction at 15 and 300 K on the NPDF diffractometer at the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center. The results are compared with bulk gold powder. A real space analysis of the structure of the nanoparticles has been performed using the pair distribution function (PDF). This provides valuable information and reveals several interesting features. The PDF pattern for the nanoparticles is significantly attenuated compared to bulk gold due to the finite size of the particles; the attenuation is consistent with the 4 nm size of the particles. The nanoparticles have a slightly smaller lattice parameter at both temperatures but the nearest neighbor Au–Au vectors are entirely symmetrical and there is no evidence for structural relaxation associated with atoms near the surface. The vector between surface Au atoms and sulfur of the thiol cap layer can be observed at ∼2.4 Å. The study points to the great power of total neutron scattering in ensemble-averaged analysis of structure in the nano regime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13806516; Page, Katharine 1 Proffen, Thomas 1 Terrones, Humberto 2 Terrones, Mauricio 2 Lee, Lily 3 Yang, Yan 3 Stemmer, Susanne 3 Seshadri, Ram 3 Cheetham, Anthony K. 3; Email Address: cheetham@mrl.ucsb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center LANSCE-12, MS H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Advanced Materials Department, IPICyT, Camino a la Presa San Jose 2055, Lomas 4a sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, Mexico  3: Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5121, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 393 Issue 4-6, p385; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.05.107
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hawkes, Evatt R.
AU  - Chen, Jacqueline H.
T1  - Direct numerical simulation of hydrogen-enriched lean premixed methane–air flames
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 138
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
EP  - 258
SN  - 00102180
AB  - The effect of hydrogen blending on lean premixed methane–air flames is studied with the direct numerical simulation (DNS) approach coupled with a reduced chemical mechanism. Two flames are compared with respect to stability and pollutant formation characteristics—one a pure methane flame close to the lean limit, and one enriched with hydrogen. The stability of the flame is quantified in terms of the turbulent flame speed. A higher speed is observed for the hydrogen-enriched flame consistent with extended blow-off stability limits found in measurements. The greater flame speed is the result of a combination of higher laminar flame speed, enhanced area generation, and greater burning rate per unit area. Preferential diffusion of hydrogen coupled with shorter flame time scales accounts for the enhanced flame surface area. In particular, the enriched flame is less diffusive-thermally stable and more resistant to quenching than the pure methane flame, resulting in a greater flame area generation. The burning rate per unit area correlates strongly with curvature as a result of preferential diffusion effects focusing fuel at positive cusps. Lower CO emissions per unit fuel consumption are observed for the enriched flame, consistent with experimental data. CO production is greatest in regions which undergo significant downstream interaction. In these regions, the enriched flame exhibits faster oxidation rates as a result of higher levels of OH concentration. NO emissions are increased for the enriched flame as a result of locally higher temperature and radical concentrations found in cusp regions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - METHANE
KW  - FLAME
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - Direct numerical simulation
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Lean premixed combustion
KW  - Methane
N1  - Accession Number: 14035836; Hawkes, Evatt R.; Email Address: erhawke@ca.sandia.gov Chen, Jacqueline H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Reacting Flow Research Department, Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969 MS 9051, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 138 Issue 3, p242; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: FLAME; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct numerical simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lean premixed combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.04.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei, Su-Huai
T1  - Overcoming the doping bottleneck in semiconductors
JO  - Computational Materials Science
JF  - Computational Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
EP  - 348
SN  - 09270256
AB  - Application of semiconductors as electric and optoelectronic devices depends critically on their dopability. Failure to dope a material, i.e., to produce enough free charge carriers beyond a certain limit, is often the single most important bottleneck for advancing semiconductor-based high technology. Using the first-principles band structure method, we have studied systematically the general chemical trends of the defect formation and ionization in semiconductors to understand the physical origin of the doping difficulty. New approaches to overcoming the doping limit have been developed. This paper reviews our recent progress and discusses some of the computational issues in defect calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computational Materials Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS -- Defects
KW  - Band structure
KW  - Doping
KW  - Semiconductor
KW  - Theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13854197; Wei, Su-Huai 1; Email Address: swei@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 30 Issue 3/4, p337; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS -- Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semiconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.commatsci.2004.02.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brennan, Sean M.
AU  - Mielke, Angela M.
AU  - Torney, David C.
AU  - Maccabe, Arthur B.
T1  - Radiation Detection with Distributed Sensor Networks.
JO  - Computer (00189162)
JF  - Computer (00189162)
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 59
SN  - 00189162
AB  - In any assessment of potential terrorist attacks, the nuclear threat takes center stage. Although weapons-grade nuclear materials are heavily guarded, a plausible scenario involves terrorists detonating a simple radiological dispersion device (RDD) capable of broadcasting nonfissle but highly radioactive particles over a densely populated area. The Distributed Sensor Network project at Los Alamos National Laboratory, in cooperation with the University of New Mexico, is developing a network of radiation detectors that, coupled with other sensors that collect supportive data, is suitable for RDD interdiction in either urban or rural environments.
KW  - SENSOR networks
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COUNTERTERRORISM
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - COMPUTER networks
N1  - Accession Number: 14264724; Brennan, Sean M. 1; Email Address: brennan@lanl.gov Mielke, Angela M. 2; Email Address: amielke@lanl.gov Torney, David C. 1; Email Address: dct@lanl.gov Maccabe, Arthur B. 3; Email Address: maccabe@cs.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: technical staff member, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: project leader, Distributed Sensor Networks with Collective Computation Project, Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: associate professor, Department of Computer Science and director of the Center for High Performance Computing, University of New Mexico; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p57; Subject Term: SENSOR networks; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COUNTERTERRORISM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Ken
AU  - Nordman, Bruce
AU  - Brown, Rich
T1  - Power Management in Networked Devices.
JO  - Computer (00189162)
JF  - Computer (00189162)
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 93
SN  - 00189162
AB  - Networks are one of the most significant developments in computing and a hallmark of modern society. However, along with increasing efficiency and productivity, both at home and in the workplace, networks have costs. One cost is the additional energy that electronic devices consume they attach to networks. The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, on open industry specification jointly developed by Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Microsoft, Phoenix and Toshiba, defines standard power management interfaces for modern personal computers. Three key drivers of energy use are induced consumption by devices, increasing link data rates that consume more energy for network interfaces and network-connected displays that actively update and display data.
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER engineering
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14264739; Christensen, Ken 1; Email Address: christen@csee.usf.edu Nordman, Bruce 2; Email Address: bnordman@lbl.gov Brown, Rich 3; Email Address: rebrown@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: associate professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida  2: principal research associate, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  3: scientist, Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p91; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schrieffer, J.R.
T1  - Novel quantum numbers in condensed matter physics
JO  - Current Applied Physics
JF  - Current Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
EP  - 472
SN  - 15671739
AB  - The physics understanding novel quantum numbers in condensed matter physics are discussed. Examples are given from the fields of conducting quasi-one-dimensional conductors 3He–A and the fractional quantum Hall effect. A common feature of these systems is a symmetry breaking whose under parameter describes a discrete symmetry breaking. This lead to flow of charge in the vacuum without excitation of carriers above the symmetry breaking induced gap. Fractional statistics is a natural consequence of the symmetry breaking through the Berry phase accumulated as two quasi-particles are interchanged. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Applied Physics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - GEOMETRIC quantum phases
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - 74.20.-z
KW  - Fractional charge
KW  - Fractional statistics
KW  - One-way spectrum
KW  - Soliton
KW  - Spin-charge separation
N1  - Accession Number: 13736491; Schrieffer, J.R. 1; Email Address: schrieff@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Department of Physics, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahasee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p465; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: GEOMETRIC quantum phases; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74.20.-z; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractional charge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractional statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: One-way spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soliton; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin-charge separation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cap.2004.01.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murata, Keizo
AU  - Yoshino, Harukazu
AU  - Nakanishi, Tsutomu
AU  - Konoike, Takako
AU  - Brooks, James
AU  - Graf, David
AU  - Mielke, Charles
AU  - Papavassiliou, George C.
T1  - A new quantum Hall effect in the two-dimensional organic conductor, <f>τ</f>-(EDO-<f>S</f>,<f>S</f>-DMEDT-TTF)2(AuBr2)1+y
JO  - Current Applied Physics
JF  - Current Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 488
EP  - 490
SN  - 15671739
AB  - In the two-dimensional organic conductor, <f>τ</f>-(EDO-<f>S</f>,<f>S</f>-DMEDT-TTF)2(AuBr2)1+y, we have observed Shubnikov de Hass oscillations with Landau level down to <f>n=2</f> in field up to 27 T. Motivated with this result, we extended to Hall effect study in pulsed magnetic field up to 60 T as well as in dc field up to 45 T and found Hall resistance plateau above 40 T (<f>n=1</f>). Since this system consists of two two-dimensional Fermi surface pockets, and larger pocket has a large effective mass compared with the smaller one, larger Fermi pocket behaves as a reservoir for the smaller pocket to be well-separated into completely filled and completely empty Landau levels in a certain range of temperature and magnetic field. The interpretation of realizing the Hall plateau can be understood as a new mechanism for QHE, but is quite different neither from localization nor field induce spin density wave state in organic TMTSF salts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Applied Physics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM Hall effect
KW  - ORGANIC conductors
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - Electron states in low-dimensional structures
KW  - Organic conductors
KW  - Quantum Hall effect
N1  - Accession Number: 13736495; Murata, Keizo 1; Email Address: muratak@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp Yoshino, Harukazu 1 Nakanishi, Tsutomu 1 Konoike, Takako 1 Brooks, James 2 Graf, David 2 Mielke, Charles 3 Papavassiliou, George C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan  2: Department of Physics, Florida St. University/National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4005, USA  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens 116/8577, Greece; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p488; Subject Term: QUANTUM Hall effect; Subject Term: ORGANIC conductors; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron states in low-dimensional structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organic conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum Hall effect; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cap.2004.01.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyo, S.K.
AU  - Huang, D.H.
T1  - Multisublevel transport and magnetoquantum oscillations in quantum wires
JO  - Current Applied Physics
JF  - Current Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 491
EP  - 496
SN  - 15671739
AB  - Transport in one-dimensional (1D) wires show interesting properties due to restricted 1D phase space. We calculate 1D transport properties to a controlled accuracy and examine the effect of combined elastic and inelastic scattering on the conductance <f>G</f> and the thermoelectric power <f>S</f> of a single-quantum-well wire (SQWR) and tunnel-coupled double-quantum-well wires (DQWR''s) in a perpendicular magnetic field. The field dependence of <f>G</f> and <f>S</f> are strikingly different in ballistic and diffusive regimes. Interwell tunneling in DQWR''s distorts the conductance and the TEP drastically from those of a SQWR and yields a sign anomaly for <f>S</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Applied Physics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIRE
KW  - BALLISTICS
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - 73.63.Hs
KW  - 73.63.Nm
KW  - Ballistic
KW  - Conductance
KW  - Diffusive
KW  - Sign anomaly
KW  - Thermopower
N1  - Accession Number: 13736496; Lyo, S.K. 1; Email Address: sklyo@sandia.gov Huang, D.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/VSSS), Kirtland Air Force Base, Kirtland, NM 87117, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p491; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: BALLISTICS; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.63.Hs; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.63.Nm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ballistic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sign anomaly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermopower; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cap.2004.02.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13736496&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tavares, F.W.
AU  - Bratko, D.
AU  - Prausnitz, J.M.
T1  - The role of salt–macroion van der Waals interactions in the colloid–colloid potential of mean force
JO  - Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 9
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
EP  - 86
SN  - 13590294
AB  - In an aqueous electrolyte solution, the potential of mean force for two macroions is affected not only by the size and charge of each electrolyte ion but also by the ion''s polarizability. The mean force between two colloidal particles in a saline solution can be calculated by augmenting electrostatic interactions with salt-specific dispersion (van der Waals) interactions between small ions and between small ions and macroions. Results of Monte Carlo simulations are qualitatively consistent with specific-salt effects observed experimentally by numerous investigators, including those of Hofmeister for aqueous proteins over 100 years ago. In agreement with theoretical predictions of Ninham et al., our calculations show that the potential of mean force (and hence the phase behavior of colloidal or protein solution) is sensitive to the van der Waals interaction that depends on salt identity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SALT
KW  - VAN der Waals forces
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Hofmeister series
KW  - Potential of mean force
KW  - Protein precipitation
KW  - Van der Waals interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14333057; Tavares, F.W. 1; Email Address: tavares@eq.ufrj.br Bratko, D. 2,3 Prausnitz, J.M. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68542, CEP 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil  2: Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23284, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 9 Issue 1/2, p81; Subject Term: SALT; Subject Term: VAN der Waals forces; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hofmeister series; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potential of mean force; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Van der Waals interactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cocis.2004.05.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14333057&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burma, Sandeep
AU  - Chen, David J.
T1  - Role of DNA–PK in the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 909
EP  - 918
SN  - 15687864
AB  - The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA–PK) plays a critical role in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and in V(D)J recombination. DNA–PK also plays a very important role in triggering apoptosis in response to severe DNA damage or critically shortened telomeres. Paradoxically, components of the DNA–PK complex are present at the mammalian telomere where they function in capping chromosome ends to prevent them from being mistaken for double-strand breaks. In addition, DNA–PK appears to be involved in mounting an innate immune response to bacterial DNA and to viral infection. As DNA–PK localizes very rapidly to DNA breaks and phosphorylates itself and other damage-responsive proteins, it appears that DNA–PK serves as both a sensor and a transducer of DNA-damage signals. The many roles of DNA–PK in the mammalian cell are discussed in this review with particular emphasis on recent advances in our understanding of the phosphorylation events that take place during the activation of DNA–PK at DNA breaks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - Apoptosis
KW  - DNA double-strand breaks
KW  - DNA-dependent protein kinase
KW  - Innate immunity
KW  - Non-homologous end joining
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Telomere maintenance
N1  - Accession Number: 13902234; Burma, Sandeep 1; Email Address: sburma@lbl.gov Chen, David J.; Email Address: djchen@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 8/9, p909; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apoptosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA double-strand breaks; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA-dependent protein kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Innate immunity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-homologous end joining; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphorylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomere maintenance; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.03.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dhar, Madhu S.
AU  - Hauser, Loren J.
AU  - Nicholls, Robert D.
AU  - Johnson, Dabney K.
T1  - Physical Mapping of the Pink-Eyed Dilution Complex in Mouse Chromosome 7 shows that Atp10c is the only Transcript between Gabrb3 and Ube3a.
JO  - DNA Sequence
JF  - DNA Sequence
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 309
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10425179
AB  - Phenotypic analyses of a set of homozygous-lethal deletion mutants at the pink-eyed dilution (p) locus has resulted in the identification of p-linked obesity locus 1 (plo 1), distal to the p locus, as a locus involved in the modulation of body fat and/or affecting lipid metabolism in these mice. The plo 1 region maps to mouse chromosome 7 (MMU 7) between two genes, Gabrb3 and Ube3a, which have been used as anchor points to generate an integrated deletion and physical map of plo 1 that encompasses about 1.2-1.3 Mb. A deletion/physical map was constructed and the genomic DNA between the two loci was sequenced to identify genes mapping to this region. Data show that Atpl0c, a novel type IV ATPase a putative phospholipid transporter, is the only coding unit in this region of the chromosome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Sequence is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - GENE mapping
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPIDS
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphatase
KW  - Adiposity
KW  - ATPase
KW  - Genomic sequence
KW  - Lipid metabolism
KW  - Mouse chromosome 7
KW  - Obesity
N1  - Accession Number: 15206693; Dhar, Madhu S. 1; Email Address: mdhar@utk.edu Hauser, Loren J. 2 Nicholls, Robert D. 3 Johnson, Dabney K. 2,4; Affiliation:  1: 318 Jessie Harris Building, Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, 1215 Cumberland Avenue, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: University of Tennessee Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA  3: Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6140, USA  4: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8077, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p306; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: GENE mapping; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPIDS; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphatase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adiposity; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATPase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genomic sequence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lipid metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mouse chromosome 7; Author-Supplied Keyword: Obesity; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10425170412331279855
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanson, P.J.
AU  - Amthor, J.S.
AU  - Wullschleger, S.D.
AU  - Wilson, K.B.
AU  - Grant, R.F.
AU  - Hartley, A.
AU  - D.&Hui
AU  - Hunt Jr., E.R.
AU  - Johnson, D.W.
AU  - Kimball, J.S.
AU  - King, A.W.
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - McNulty, S.G.
AU  - Sun, G.
AU  - Thornton, P.E.
AU  - Wang, S.
AU  - Williams, M.
AU  - Baldocchi, D.D.
AU  - Cushman, R.M.
T1  - OAK FOREST CARBON AND WATER SIMULATIONS: MODEL INTERCOMPARISONS AND EVALUATIONS AGAINST INDEPENDENT DATA.
JO  - Ecological Monographs
JF  - Ecological Monographs
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 74
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
EP  - 489
SN  - 00129615
AB  - Models represent our primary method for integration of small-scale, process-level phenomena into a comprehensive description of forest-stand or ecosystem function. They also represent a key method for testing hypotheses about the response of forest ecosystems to multiple changing environmental conditions. This paper describes the evaluation of 13 stand-level models varying in their spatial, mechanistic, and temporal complexity for their ability to capture intra- and interannual components of the water and carbon cycle for an upland, oak-dominated forest of eastern Tennessee. Comparisons between model simulations and observations were conducted for hourly, daily, and annual time steps. Data for the comparisons were obtained from a wide range of methods including: eddy covariance, sapflow, chamber-based soil respiration, biometric estimates of stand-level net primary production and growth, and soil water content by time or frequency domain reflectometry. Response surfaces of carbon and water flux as a function of environmental drivers, and a variety of goodness-of-fit statistics (bias, absolute bias, and model efficiency) were used to judge model performance. A single model did not consistently perform the best at all time steps or for all variables considered. Intermodel comparisons showed good agreement for water cycle fluxes, but considerable disagreement among models for predicted carbon fluxes. The mean of all model outputs, however, was nearly always the best fit to the observations. Not surprisingly, models missing key forest components or processes, such as roots or modeled soil water content, were unable to provide accurate predictions of ecosystem responses to short-term drought phenomenon. Nevertheless, an inability to correctly capture short-term physiological processes under drought was not necessarily an indicator of poor annual water and carbon budget simulations. This is possible because droughts in the subject ecosystem were of short duration and therefore had a small cumulative impact. Models using hourly time steps and detailed mechanistic processes, and having a realistic spatial representation of the forest ecosystem provided the best predictions of observed data. Predictive ability of all models deteriorated under drought conditions, suggesting that further work is needed to evaluate and improve ecosystem model performance under unusual conditions, such as drought, that are a common focus of environmental change discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Monographs is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Forest ecology
KW  - Soils
KW  - Global environmental change
KW  - Oak
KW  - autotrophic respiration
KW  - carbon budget
KW  - computer models
KW  - evaporation
KW  - evapotranspiration
KW  - NEE
KW  - NPP
KW  - transpiration
KW  - water budgget
N1  - Accession Number: 14403512; Hanson, P.J. 1; Email Address: hansonjp@ornl.gov; Amthor, J.S. 1,2; Wullschleger, S.D. 1; Wilson, K.B. 3; Grant, R.F. 4; Hartley, A. 5; D.&Hui 6; Hunt Jr., E.R. 7; Johnson, D.W. 8; Kimball, J.S. 9; King, A.W. 1; Luo, Y. 6; McNulty, S.G. 10; Sun, G. 10; Thornton, P.E. 11; Wang, S. 12; Williams, M. 13; Baldocchi, D.D. 14; Cushman, R.M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422 USA; 2: U.S. Department of Energy, SC-74, Germatown, Maryland 20874-1290 USA; 3: Atmosphere Turbulence Diffusion Division, National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Tennessee 37840 USA; 4: University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E3; 5: Florida International University, Department of Environmental Studies, Miami, Florida 33199 USA; 6: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Univeristy of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 USA; 7: USDA Agricultural Research Service, Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 USA; 8: Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89512-0013 USA; 9: Flathead Lake Biological Station and School of Forestry, University of Montana, Polson, Montana 59860 USA; 10: Southern Global Change Program, USDA Forest Service, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606 USA; 11: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80503 USA; 12: Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0Y7; 13: School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JU, UK; 14: Ecosystem Science Division, Department of Environmental Science, Policy Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 74 Issue 3, p443; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Carbon; Thesaurus Term: Forest ecology; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Thesaurus Term: Global environmental change; Subject Term: Oak; Author-Supplied Keyword: autotrophic respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon budget; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer models; Author-Supplied Keyword: evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: NEE; Author-Supplied Keyword: NPP; Author-Supplied Keyword: transpiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: water budgget; Number of Pages: 47p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 13 Charts, 127 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patoux, Sébastien
AU  - Doeff, Marca M.
T1  - Direct synthesis of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 from nitrate precursors
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 6
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
EP  - 772
SN  - 13882481
AB  - Two novel methods for synthesis of the title compound directly from metal nitrates are described. Phase-pure materials are produced when precursors are calcined between 600 and 1000 °C, with little to no ion mixing exhibited for products heated to 900 °C or above. The electrochemical characteristics of these materials depended upon calcination temperature and synthesis method, with results comparable to a commercial sample for the materials made at high temperatures in a one-step process without combustion. The sample prepared by combustion also exhibited very stable capacity retention upon cycling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Layered cathodes
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 13807875; Patoux, Sébastien 1 Doeff, Marca M.; Email Address: mmdoeff@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 6 Issue 8, p767; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered cathodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elecom.2004.05.024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13807875&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rau, Greg H.
T1  - Possible use of Fe/CO2 fuel cells for CO2 mitigation plus H2 and electricity production
JO  - Energy Conversion & Management
JF  - Energy Conversion & Management
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 45
IS  - 13/14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2143
SN  - 01968904
AB  - The continuous oxidation of scrap iron in the presence of a constant CO2-rich waste gas stream and water is evaluated as a means of sequestering anthropogenic CO2 as well as generating hydrogen gas and electricity. The stoichiometry of the net reaction, Fe0 + CO2 + H2O → FeCO3 + H2, and assumptions about reaction rates, reactant and product prices/values and overhead costs suggest that CO2 might be mitigated at a net profit in excess of $30/tonne CO2. The principle profit center of the process would be hydrogen production, alone providing a gross income of >$160/tonne CO2 reacted. However, the realization of such fuel cell economics depends on a number of parameters including: (1) the rate at which the reaction can be sustained, (2) the areal and volumetric density with which H2 and electricity can be produced, (3) the purity of the H2 produced, (4) the transportation costs of the reactants (Fe, CO2 and H2O) and products (FeCO3 or Fe(HCO3)2) to/from the cells and (5) the cost/benefit trade-offs of optimizing the preceding variables in a given market and regulatory environment. Because of the carbon intensity of conventional iron metal production, a net carbon sequestration benefit for the process can be realized only when waste (rather than new) iron and steel are used as electrodes and/or when Fe(HCO3)2 is the end product. The used electrolyte could also provide a free source of Fe2+ ions for enhancing iron-limited marine photosynthesis and, thus, greatly increasing the CO2 sequestration potential of the process. Alternatively, the reaction of naturally occurring iron oxides (iron ore) with CO2 can be considered for FeCO3 formation and sequestration, but this foregoes the benefits of hydrogen and electricity production. Use of Fe/CO2 fuel cells would appear to be particularly relevant for fossil fuel gasification/steam reforming systems given the highly concentrated CO2 they generate and given the existing infrastructure they provide for producing and handling H2 and/or electricity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Conversion & Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electricity
KW  - Hydrogen production
KW  - Iron
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Carbonic acid
KW  - CO2
KW  - CO2 sequestration
KW  - Fe
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Gasification
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Iron bicarbonate
KW  - Iron carbonate
KW  - Siderite
KW  - Steam reforming
N1  - Accession Number: 12573178; Rau, Greg H. 1,2; Email Address: rau4@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; 2: Energy and Environment Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Atmospheric Science Division, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 45 Issue 13/14, p2143; Thesaurus Term: Electricity; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen production; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbonic acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gasification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron bicarbonate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron carbonate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Siderite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steam reforming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.enconman.2003.10.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Druckenbrod, Daniel L.
T1  - Towards Forest Sustainability.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 314
EP  - 314
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Reviews the book "Towards Forest Sustainability," edited by David B. Lindenmayer and Jerry F. Franklin.
KW  - Sustainable forestry
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Lindenmayer, David B.
KW  - Franklin, Jerry F.
KW  - Towards Forest Sustainability (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 15398339; Druckenbrod, Daniel L. 1; Email Address: druckenbrodd@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 34 Issue 2, p314; Thesaurus Term: Sustainable forestry; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Towards Forest Sustainability (Book); People: Lindenmayer, David B.; People: Franklin, Jerry F.; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-7918-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kidonakis, N.
AU  - Vogt, R.
T1  - Threshold corrections in bottom and charm quark hadroproduction at next-to-next-to-leading order.
JO  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
JF  - European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 213
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346044
AB  - We calculate threshold soft-gluon corrections to total cross sections and transverse momentum distributions for bottom and charm quark production in fixed target experiments, considering both pp and π-p interactions. We investigate the quality of the near-threshold soft-gluon approximation at next-toleading order (NLO) and calculate next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections through next-to-nextto- next-to-leading-logarithmic (NNNLL) accuracy, including some virtual terms. We find that the NNLO threshold corrections reduce the factorization and renormalization scale dependence of the cross sections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARK-gluon interactions
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - KINEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15410468; Kidonakis, N. 1 Vogt, R. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Cavendish Laboratory,, University of Cambridge,, Madingley Road, CB3 0HE, Cambridge, UK  2: Nuclear Science Division,, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, Berkeley, USA  3: Physics Department, University of California at Davis,, CA 95616, Davis, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 36 Issue 2, p201; Subject Term: QUARK-gluon interactions; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjc/s2004-01894-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15410468&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terao, Ken
AU  - Mays, Jimmy W.
T1  - On-line measurement of molecular weight and radius of gyration of polystyrene in a good solvent and in a theta solvent measured with a two-angle light scattering detector
JO  - European Polymer Journal
JF  - European Polymer Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 40
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1623
EP  - 1627
SN  - 00143057
AB  - On-line two-angle (15° and 90°) light scattering measurements with a gel permeation chromatography for linear and branched polystyrene in tetrahydrofuran (a good solvent) and in trans-decalin (a theta solvent) were made and compared with data from a multi-angle light scattering detector and literature values. Theoretically, weight-average molecular weight and the radius of gyration <f>Rg</f> can be determined accurately in the range where <f>Rg2k2</f> is less than 1.2 (rod)∼1.7 (random coil); here, <f>k</f> is the absolute value of the scattering vector for a right angle detector with the Berry square root method. Molecular weight dependence of the radius of gyration obtained from the two-angle light scattering detector for linear and branched polystyrenes under different thermodynamic conditions were measured and found to be almost the same as values measured with a multi-angle light scattering detector and literature values in the appropriate range of molecular weight. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of European Polymer Journal is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - TETRAHYDROFURAN
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Gel permeation chromatography
KW  - Multi-angle light scattering
KW  - Radius of gyration
KW  - Theta solvent
KW  - Two-angle light scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 13623041; Terao, Ken 1,2; Email Address: terao@bce.gunma-u.ac.jp Mays, Jimmy W. 1,3; Email Address: jimmymays@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 40 Issue 8, p1623; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: TETRAHYDROFURAN; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gel permeation chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multi-angle light scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radius of gyration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Theta solvent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-angle light scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.03.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rubio, Miguel A.
AU  - Davalos, Albert R.
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - Telomere length mediates the effects of telomerase on the cellular response to genotoxic stress
JO  - Experimental Cell Research
JF  - Experimental Cell Research
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 298
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 17
EP  - 27
SN  - 00144827
AB  - Telomerase inhibition may be a novel anti-cancer strategy that can be used in combination with conventional therapies, such as DNA damaging agents. There are conflicting reports as to whether and to what extent telomerase and telomere length influence the sensitivity of cells to genotoxins. To understand the relationship between telomere length, telomerase expression, and sensitivity to genotoxic stress, we expressed the catalytic subunit of telomerase, hTERT, in human fibroblasts having different telomere lengths. We show that telomerase confers resistance to ionizing radiation, bleomycin, hydrogen peroxide, and etoposide only in cells with short, presumably near-dysfunctional, telomeres. This resistance depended on the ability of telomerase to elongate the short telomeres, and telomerase did not protect cells with long telomeres. Interestingly, although long telomeres had no effect on sensitivity to etoposide and bleomycin, they exacerbated sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, supporting the idea that, compared to other types of DNA damage, telomeres are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Our findings identify a mechanism and conditions under which telomerase and telomeres affect the response of human cells to genotoxic agents and may have important implications for anti-cancer interventions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Experimental Cell Research is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRUG therapy
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - Chemotherapy
KW  - Human fibroblasts
KW  - Oxidative DNA damage
KW  - Replicative senescence
KW  - Stress-induced senescence
N1  - Accession Number: 13705154; Rubio, Miguel A. Davalos, Albert R. 1 Campisi, Judith; Email Address: jcampisi@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 298 Issue 1, p17; Subject Term: DRUG therapy; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemotherapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human fibroblasts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative DNA damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Replicative senescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress-induced senescence; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.04.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13705154&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Bodegom, Peter M.
AU  - Scholten, Johannes C.M.
AU  - Stams, Alfons J.M.
T1  - Direct inhibition of methanogenesis by ferric iron
JO  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
JF  - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 261
EP  - 268
SN  - 01686496
AB  - Observed inhibition of methanogenesis under Fe(III)-reducing conditions is usually explained by competition of methanogens and Fe(III)-reducing bacteria for the common substrates acetate and hydrogen. However, substrate competition alone cannot explain the strong inhibition of methanogenesis during Fe(III)-reduction. We demonstrate direct inhibition of methanogenesis by amorphous Fe(OH)3 at concentrations between 0 and 10 mM in experiments with pure cultures of methanogens. The sensitivity toward Fe(III) was higher for Methanospirillum hungatei and Methanosarcina barkeri grown with H2/CO2 than for Methanosaeta concilii and Methanosarcina barkeri grown with acetate. Cultures of Methanosarcina barkeri grown with H2/CO2 and methanol demonstrated a capacity for Fe(III) reduction, which suggests that Fe(III)-reduction by methanogens may also contribute to Fe(III) inhibition of methanogenesis. Our results have important implications for kinetic modelling of microbial redox processes in anoxic soils and sediments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of FEMS Microbiology Ecology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FARM manure in methane production
KW  - IRON
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - SULFIDES
KW  - METHANOGENS
KW  - Aceticlastic methanogens
KW  - Ferric iron reduction
KW  - Hydrogenotrophic methanogens
KW  - Iron toxicity
KW  - Methane production
KW  - Sulphide
N1  - Accession Number: 13807075; van Bodegom, Peter M. 1,2; Email Address: peter.van.bodegom@ecology.falw.vu.nl Scholten, Johannes C.M. 3 Stams, Alfons J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, H.v. Suchtelenweg 4, 6703 CT Wageningen, The Netherlands  2: Laboratory of Theoretical Production Ecology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands  3: Department of Biological Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99532, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p261; Subject Term: FARM manure in methane production; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: SULFIDES; Subject Term: METHANOGENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aceticlastic methanogens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferric iron reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenotrophic methanogens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron toxicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulphide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.femsec.2004.03.017
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13807075&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chepanoske, C.L.
AU  - Brown, K.
AU  - Turteltaub, K.W.
AU  - Dingley, K.H.
T1  - Characterization of a peptide adduct formed by <f>N</f>-acetoxy-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-<f>b</f>]pyridine (PhIP), a reactive intermediate of the food carcinogen PhIP
JO  - Food & Chemical Toxicology
JF  - Food & Chemical Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1367
EP  - 1372
SN  - 02786915
AB  - 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-<f>b</f>]pyridine (PhIP) is a member of a class of compounds known as the heterocyclic amines (HCAs) that are formed in meat during cooking. It is a multi-organ carcinogen in rodents forms adducts and with DNA and protein. Although protein adducts are not thought to be involved in cancer development, they may be useful as internal dosimeters of PhIP exposure and bioactivation. Towards the goals of characterizing the adducts formed in humans and the development of an assay for quantitation of adduct levels, we have characterized a peptide adduct formed by the putative genotoxic metabolite, <f>N</f>-acetoxy-PhIP. A model peptide with the internal sequence Leu–Gln–Lys–Cys–Pro–Tyr, which is homologous to a potential target sequence for HCAs in human serum albumin, was reacted with <f>N</f>-acetoxy-PhIP and an adduct was identified and further characterized by LC–ESI-MS/MS. <f>N</f>-acetoxy-PhIP is covalently bound to the peptide via cysteine and the exocyclic amino group of PhIP. Future work is needed to establish if this adduct is formed and is stable in vivo in humans following exposure to PhIP. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Food & Chemical Toxicology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYRIDINE
KW  - AMINES
KW  - MEAT
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - <f>m/z</f>, mass-to-charge ratio
KW  - Adduct
KW  - HCA, heterocyclic amine
KW  - Heterocyclic amine
KW  - HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
KW  - IQ, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-<f>f</f>]quinoline
KW  - LC–ESI-MS, liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry
KW  - PhIP
KW  - PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-<f>b</f>]pyridine
KW  - Protein
KW  - Structure
N1  - Accession Number: 13477754; Chepanoske, C.L. 1 Brown, K. 1 Turteltaub, K.W. 1 Dingley, K.H.; Email Address: dingley1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 42 Issue 8, p1367; Subject Term: PYRIDINE; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: MEAT; Subject Term: CARCINOGENS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>m/z</f>, mass-to-charge ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adduct; Author-Supplied Keyword: HCA, heterocyclic amine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic amine; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: IQ, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-<f>f</f>]quinoline; Author-Supplied Keyword: LC–ESI-MS, liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: PhIP; Author-Supplied Keyword: PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-<f>b</f>]pyridine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311613 Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 445210 Meat Markets; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424470 Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413160 Red meat and meat product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fct.2003.11.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sokhansanj, Bahrad A.
AU  - Wilson III, David M.
T1  - Oxidative DNA damage background estimated by a system model of base excision repair
JO  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
JF  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 422
EP  - 427
SN  - 08915849
AB  - Human DNA can be damaged by natural metabolism through free radical production. It has been suggested that the equilibrium between innate damage and cellular DNA repair results in an oxidative DNA damage background that potentially contributes to disease and aging. Efforts to quantitatively characterize the human oxidative DNA damage background level, based on measuring 8-oxoguanine lesions as a biomarker, have led to estimates that vary over three to four orders of magnitude, depending on the method of measurement. We applied a previously developed and validated quantitative pathway model of human DNA base excision repair, integrating experimentally determined endogenous damage rates and model parameters from multiple sources. Our estimates of at most 100 8-oxoguanine lesions per cell are consistent with the low end of data from biochemical and cell biology experiments, a result robust to model limitations and parameter variation. Our findings show the power of quantitative system modeling to interpret composite experimental data and make biologically and physiologically relevant predictions for complex human DNA repair pathway mechanisms and capacity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Free Radical Biology & Medicine is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - RADICALS (Chemistry)
KW  - Base excision repair
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - Oxidative DNA damage
KW  - Pathway modeling
KW  - Simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 13564635; Sokhansanj, Bahrad A. 1; Email Address: sokhansanj@llnl.gov Wilson III, David M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  2: Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p422; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: RADICALS (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Base excision repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative DNA damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pathway modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.05.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13564635&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Britt, Phillip F.
AU  - Buchanan, A.C.
AU  - Owens Jr, Clyde V.
AU  - Todd Skeen, J.
T1  - Does glucose enhance the formation of nitrogen containing polycyclic aromatic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis of proline?
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 83
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1417
EP  - 1432
SN  - 00162361
AB  - The gas-phase pyrolysis of proline, glucose, 1-[(2′-carboxy)pyrrolidinyl]-1-deoxy-d-fructose (the proline Amadori compound), and a 1:1 mixture by weight of proline and glucose was investigated at high temperatures (600–840 °C) and short residence time (i.e. 1.0 s) in an inert atmosphere to determine if glucose or Maillard reaction products enhance the formation of nitrogen containing polycyclic aromatic compounds (N-PACs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the pyrolysis of proline. To study the gas-phase formation of N-PACs and PAHs, the substrates were sublimed into the pyrolysis furnace at 460 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that glucose, the proline/glucose mixture, and the proline Amadori compound undergo solid-state decomposition reactions before subliming. Thus, the substrates were pyrolyzed in two stages: at 460 °C during the sublimation and at 600–840 °C. At 800 °C with a residence time of 1.0 s, proline produced low yields of N-PACs, such as quinoline, isoquinoline, indole, acridine, and carbazole, and PAHs, such as phenanthrene, pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, benzofluoranthene isomers, and benzo[a]pyrene. Increasing the temperature and residence time increased the yield of these products. Under similar pyrolysis conditions, the proline Amadori compound produced 2–8 fold more N-PACs and PAHs than proline. A 1:1 mixture of proline and glucose produced a similar slate of pyrolysis products as the proline Amadori compound, but it is unclear whether the proline Amadori compound was an intermediate in the reaction. In general, the proline Amadori compound produced a higher yield of N-PACs and PAHs than the proline/glucose mixture, but glucose clearly enhances the low temperature gas-phase formation of N-PACs and PAHs from the pyrolysis of proline. For example, a 1:1 mixture of proline and glucose was found to produce low yields of quinoline, isoquinoline, and indole at 600 °C while proline alone does not produce these compounds until 800 °C. Thus, glucose provides a low temperature pathway for the decomposition of proline, which leads to formation of N-PACs and PAHs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - MAILLARD reaction
KW  - Amadori compound
KW  - Nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Proline
KW  - Pyrolysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13113003; Britt, Phillip F.; Email Address: brittpf@ornl.gov Buchanan, A.C. 1 Owens Jr, Clyde V. 1 Todd Skeen, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500N, C-26, MS 6197, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 83 Issue 11/12, p1417; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: MAILLARD reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amadori compound; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proline; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolysis; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fuel.2004.02.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13113003&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moens, Luc
AU  - Evans, Robert J.
AU  - Looker, Michael J.
AU  - Nimlos, Mark R.
T1  - A comparison of the Maillard reactivity of proline to other amino acids using pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 83
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1433
EP  - 1443
SN  - 00162361
AB  - Maillard chemistry, or the low temperature condensation of amino acids and carbohydrates, is shown to be relevant to the practical regime of biomass pyrolysis and leads to dramatic changes in low-temperature volatile products and residual solid structure. Mixtures of amino acids and glucose were subjected to a two-temperature heating sequence (5 min each at 170 and 325 °C) and the volatile products analyzed by molecular beam mass spectrometry. Significant volatile yield was observed from the mixtures at 170 °C where neither amino acids nor glucose generated volatile material in the time frame studied. Proline was the most active of the amino acid studied.Volatile products at low temperature included the diketopiperazine, which were generated in higher yields than from proline alone. Also generated were Maillard condensation such as 1-(1′-pyrrolidinyl)-2-propanone. These products were also generated at 325 °C, but in addition, the mass spectra included evidence for the direct formation of nitrogen-containing aromatics. These observations are discussed in relation to known Maillard chemistry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - Maillard
KW  - Mass spectra
KW  - Volatile product
N1  - Accession Number: 13113004; Moens, Luc 1 Evans, Robert J. 1 Looker, Michael J. 1 Nimlos, Mark R.; Email Address: Mark_Nimlos@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Bioenergy Center, Golden, Colorado, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 83 Issue 11/12, p1433; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maillard; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile product; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fuel.2004.01.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaeger, Johannes
AU  - Blagov, Maxim
AU  - Kosman, David
AU  - Kozlov, Konstantin N.
AU  - Myasnikova, Ekaterina
AU  - Surkova, Svetlana
AU  - VAnario-Alonso, Carlos E.
AU  - Samsonova, Maria
AU  - Sharp, David H.
AU  - Reinitz, John
T1  - Dynamical Analysis of Regulatory Interactions in the Gap Gene System of Drosophila melanogaster.
JO  - Genetics
JF  - Genetics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 167
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1721
EP  - 1737
SN  - 00166731
AB  - Genetic studies have revealed that segment determination in Drosophila melanogasteris based on hierarchical regulatory interactions among maternal coordinate and zygotic segmentation genes. The gap gene system constitutes the most upstream zygotic layer of this regulatory hierarchy, responsible for the initial interpretation of positional information encoded by maternal gradients. We present a detailed analysis of regulatory interactions involved in gap gene regulation based on gap gene circuits, which are mathematical gene network models used to infer regulatory interactions from quantitative gene expression data. Our models reproduce gap gene expression at high accuracy and temporal resolution. Regulatory interactions found in gap gene circuits provide consistent and sufficient mechanisms for gap gene expression, which largely agree with mechanisms previously inferred from qualitative studies of mutant gene expression patterns. Our models predict activation of Kr by Cad and clarify several other regulatory interactions. Our analysis suggests a central role for repressive feedback loops between complementary gap genes. We observe that repressive interactions among overlapping gap genes show anteroposterior asymmetry with posterior dominance. Finally, our models suggest a correlation between timing of gap domain boundary formation and regulatory contributions from the terminal maternal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genetics is the property of Genetics Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DROSOPHILA melanogaster
KW  - GENES
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - GENETIC regulation
N1  - Accession Number: 14548630; Jaeger, Johannes 1 Blagov, Maxim 2 Kosman, David 3 Kozlov, Konstantin N. 2 Myasnikova, Ekaterina 2 Surkova, Svetlana 2 VAnario-Alonso, Carlos E. 1,4 Samsonova, Maria 2 Sharp, David H. 5 Reinitz, John 1; Email Address: reinitz@odd.bio.sunysb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics and Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3600  2: Department of Computational Biology, Center of Advanced Studies, St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, 195251 Russia  3: Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, California 92093  4: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21949-900, Brazil  5: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 167 Issue 4, p1721; Subject Term: DROSOPHILA melanogaster; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1534/genetics.104.027334
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fredrickson, James K.
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Kennedy, David W.
AU  - Kukkadapu, Ravi K.
AU  - McKinley, James P.
AU  - Heald, Steve M.
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - Plymale, Andrew E.
T1  - Reduction of TcO4- by sediment-associated biogenic Fe(II)
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 68
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3171
EP  - 3187
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The potential for reduction of 99TcO4-(aq) to poorly soluble 99TcO2 · nH2O(s) by biogenic sediment-associated Fe(II) was investigated with three Fe(III)-oxide containing subsurface materials and the dissimilatory metal-reducing subsurface bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. Two of the subsurface materials from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Hanford and Oak Ridge sites contained significant amounts of Mn(III,IV) oxides and net bioreduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) was not observed until essentially all of the hydroxylamine HCl-extractable Mn was reduced. In anoxic, unreduced sediment or where Mn oxide bioreduction was incomplete, exogenous biogenic TcO2 · nH2O(s) was slowly oxidized over a period of weeks. Subsurface materials that were bioreduced to varying degrees and then pasteurized to eliminate biological activity, reduced TcO4-(aq) at rates that generally increased with increasing concentrations of 0.5 N HCl-extractable Fe(II). Two of the sediments showed a common relationship between extractable Fe(II) concentration (in mM) and the first-order reduction rate (in h-1), whereas the third demonstrated a markedly different trend. A combination of chemical extractions and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy were used to characterize the Fe(III) and Fe(II) phases. There was little evidence of the formation of secondary Fe(II) biominerals as a result of bioreduction, suggesting that the reactive forms of Fe(II) were predominantly surface complexes of different forms. The reduction rates of Tc(VII)O4- were slowest in the sediment that contained plentiful layer silicates (illite, vermiculite, and smectite), suggesting that Fe(II) sorption complexes on these phases were least reactive toward pertechnetate. These results suggest that the in situ microbial reduction of sediment-associated Fe(III), either naturally or via redox manipulation, may be effective at immobilizing TcO4-(aq) associated with groundwater contaminant plumes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON ions
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 13902322; Fredrickson, James K. 1; Email Address: jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Kennedy, David W. 1 Kukkadapu, Ravi K. 1 McKinley, James P. 1 Heald, Steve M. 1,2 Liu, Chongxuan 1 Plymale, Andrew E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 68 Issue 15, p3171; Subject Term: IRON ions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.10.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ward, J.A.
AU  - Slater, G.F.
AU  - Moser, D.P.
AU  - Lin, L.-H.
AU  - Lacrampe-Couloume, G.
AU  - Bonin, A.S.
AU  - Davidson, M.
AU  - Hall, J.A.
AU  - Mislowack, B.
AU  - Bellamy, R.E.S.
AU  - Onstott, T.C.
AU  - Sherwood Lollar, B.
T1  - Microbial hydrocarbon gases in the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa: Implications for the deep biosphere
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 68
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3239
EP  - 3250
SN  - 00167037
AB  - In this study, compositions and δ13C and δ2H isotopic values of hydrocarbon gases from 5 mines in the Witwatersrand basin, South Africa, support the widespread occurrence of microbially produced methane in millions of years-old fissure waters. The presence of microbial methane is, to a large extent, controlled by the geologic formations in which the gases are found. Samples from the Witwatersand Supergroup have the largest microbial component based on δ13C and δ2H signatures and CH4/C2+ values. Based on mixing between a microbial CH4 component and a more 13C-enriched and 2H-depleted C2+-rich end member, conservative estimates of the % contribution of microbial CH4 to the gas samples range from >90% microbial CH4 at Beatrix, Masimong, and Merriespruit, to between 5 and 80% microbial CH4 at Evander, and <18% microbial CH4 at Kloof. The Witwatersrand basin’s history of thermal alteration of organic-rich ancient sedimentary units suggests a thermogenic origin for this 13C-enriched end member. Alternatively, the potential for an abiogenic origin similar to hydrocarbon gases produced by water-rock interaction at other Precambrian Shield mines is discussed. Microbial methane is predominantly found in paleo-meteoric fissure waters with δ18O and δ2H values that fall on the meteoric waterline, and have temperatures between 30 to 40°C. In contrast, fissure waters with a larger component of nonmicrobial hydrocarbon gases show a trend towards more enriched δ18O and δ2H values that fall well above the meteoric waterline, and temperatures of 45 to 60°C. The enrichment in 18O and 2H in these samples, and their high salinity, are similar to the isotopic and compositional characteristics of saline groundwaters and brines produced by water-rock interaction at Precambrian Shield sites elsewhere. The reported 100 Ma ages of fissure waters from the Witwatersrand and Ventersdorp formations suggest that these microbial hydrocarbon gases are the product of in situ methanogenic communities in the deep subsurface of the Witswaterand basin. Small subunit ribosomal RNA genes were amplified using archaeal-specific primer sets from DNA extracts derived from several of these waters. Fissure waters with a high proportion of microbial methane also contained sequences resembling those of known methanogens. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - BIOSPHERE
KW  - GEOBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13902327; Ward, J.A. 1 Slater, G.F. 2 Moser, D.P. 3 Lin, L.-H. 4 Lacrampe-Couloume, G. 1 Bonin, A.S. 5 Davidson, M. 4 Hall, J.A. 4 Mislowack, B. 4 Bellamy, R.E.S. 6 Onstott, T.C. 3 Sherwood Lollar, B. 1; Email Address: bslollar@chem.utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: Stable Isotope Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1 Canada  2: Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543-1543, USA  3: Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA  4: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA  5: Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA  6: Geology Department, Beatrix Mine, Welkom 9460 South Africa; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 68 Issue 15, p3239; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: BIOSPHERE; Subject Term: GEOBIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2004.02.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - TOUGH Symposium 2003
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 399
EP  - 400
SN  - 03756505
N1  - Accession Number: 13661613; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: k_pruess@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p399; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.12.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Tianfu
AU  - Ontoy, Yvette
AU  - Molling, Phil
AU  - Spycher, Nicolas
AU  - Parini, Mauro
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - Reactive transport modeling of injection well scaling and acidizing at Tiwi field, Philippines
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
EP  - 491
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Hot brine injector Nag-67 in the Tiwi geothermal field (Philippines) had been in operation for over 10 years when injectivity decline indicated a workover was required in 2000. The operation consisted of drilling-out wellbore scale followed by acid dissolution of scale formed in the near-wellbore formation. The workover increased the injection capacity of the well to near its initial-use capacity. Scale-volume estimates from brine chemistry, and from stoichiometric amounts of silica dissolved during the acidizing, suggested that the decrease in injectivity was largely due to scale deposition in the near-well formation. Reactive transport modeling was used to simulate mineral deposition and injectivity loss. A porosity–permeability relationship was calibrated using observed injection indexes to reproduce the loss of injectivity. The relationship captured very well the steep loss of injectivity, and the simulated amounts of precipitated amorphous silica were consistent with the estimated amounts from field data. Significant precipitation of amorphous silica, and reductions in porosity and permeability, were predicted to occur mainly within a 10 m radius from the well. Injectivity recovery by acid injection was also simulated, and the predicted amount of amorphous silica dissolved by acid was consistent with the estimated amount. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOTHERMAL brines
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - GEOTHERMAL resources
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - Brine injection
KW  - Injectivity loss
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Philippines
KW  - Reactive transport
KW  - Silica scaling
KW  - Tiwi
N1  - Accession Number: 13661618; Xu, Tianfu 1; Email Address: tianfu_xu@lbl.gov Ontoy, Yvette 2 Molling, Phil 3 Spycher, Nicolas 1 Parini, Mauro 3 Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Philippine Geothermal, Inc., Makati City, Philippines  3: Unocal, Geothermal Technology & Services, Santa Rosa, CA, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p477; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL brines; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: GEOTHERMAL resources; Subject Term: POROSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brine injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injectivity loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Philippines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tiwi; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dobson, Patrick F.
AU  - Salah, Sonia
AU  - Spycher, Nicolas
AU  - Sonnenthal, Eric L.
T1  - Simulation of water–rock interaction in the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 493
EP  - 502
SN  - 03756505
AB  - The Yellowstone geothermal system provides an ideal opportunity to test the ability of reactive transport models to simulate the chemical and hydrological effects of water–rock interaction. Previous studies of the Yellowstone geothermal system have characterized water–rock interaction through analysis of rocks and fluids obtained from both surface and downhole samples. Fluid chemistry, rock mineralogy, permeability, porosity, and thermal data obtained from the Y-8 borehole in Upper Geyser Basin were used to constrain a series of reactive transport simulations of the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT. Three distinct stratigraphic units were encountered in the 153.4 m deep Y-8 drill core: volcaniclastic sandstone, perlitic rhyolitic lava, and nonwelded pumiceous tuff. The main alteration phases identified in the Y-8 core samples include clay minerals, zeolites, silica polymorphs, adularia, and calcite. Temperatures observed in the Y-8 borehole increase with depth from sub-boiling conditions at the surface to a maximum of 169.8 °C at a depth of 104.1 m, with near-isothermal conditions persisting down to the well bottom. 1-D models of the Y-8 core hole were constructed to simulate the observed alteration mineral assemblage given the initial rock mineralogy and observed fluid chemistry and temperatures. Preliminary simulations involving the perlitic rhyolitic lava unit are consistent with the observed alteration of rhyolitic glass to form celadonite. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - PHYSICAL geology
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - Hydrothermal alteration
KW  - Reactive transport modeling
KW  - USA
KW  - Water–rock interaction
KW  - Yellowstone
N1  - Accession Number: 13661619; Dobson, Patrick F.; Email Address: pfdobson@lbl.gov Salah, Sonia Spycher, Nicolas 1 Sonnenthal, Eric L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p493; Subject Term: MINERALOGY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL geology; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal alteration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive transport modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: USA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water–rock interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yellowstone; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.10.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shan, Chao
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - EOSN—a new TOUGH2 module for simulating transport of noble gases in the subsurface
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 529
SN  - 03756505
AB  - Noble gases widely exist in nature, and except for radon, they are stable. Modern techniques can detect noble gases to relatively low concentrations and with great precision. These factors suggest that noble gases can be useful tracers for subsurface characterization. Their applications, however, require an appropriate transport model for data analyses. A new fluid property module, EOSN, was developed for TOUGH2 to simulate transport of noble gases in the subsurface. Currently any of five different noble gases (except radon) as well as CO2 can be selected, two at a time. For the two selected gas components, the Crovetto et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 76 (1982) 1077–1086] model is used to calculate the Henry’s law coefficients; and the Reid et al. [The Properties of Gases and Liquids, McGraw-Hill, New York (1987)] correlation is used to calculate the gas phase diffusivities. Like most other sister modules, TOUGH2/EOSN can simulate non-isothermal multiphase flow and fully coupled transport in fractured porous media. Potential applications of the new module include, but are not limited to: (a) study of different reservoir processes such as recharge, boiling, condensation, and fracture-matrix fluid exchange; (b) characterization of reservoir geometry such as fracture spacing; and (c) analysis of CO2 sequestration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - SURFACES (Technology) -- Analysis
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Noble gas transport
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - TOUGH2 module
N1  - Accession Number: 13661621; Shan, Chao; Email Address: c_shan@lbl.gov Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p521; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology) -- Analysis; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Noble gas transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: TOUGH2 module; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.07.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todesco, Micol
AU  - Rutqvist, Jonny
AU  - Chiodini, Giovanni
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
AU  - Oldenburg, Curtis M.
T1  - Modeling of recent volcanic episodes at Phlegrean Fields (Italy): geochemical variations and ground deformation
JO  - Geothermics
JF  - Geothermics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 531
EP  - 547
SN  - 03756505
AB  - The Phlegrean Fields is an active caldera structure, located on the periphery of Naples (Italy). After the last eruptive event (the Monte Nuovo eruption in 1538), periodic episodes of unrest have characterized the evolution of this volcanic district, involving seismic activity and slow ground motion (bradyseism). During these episodes of unrest, some remarkable changes have also affected the composition of the hydrothermal fluids discharged at La Solfatara fumarolic field. These unrest phenomena result from the complex interaction between magma chamber, hydrothermal fluid circulation, and country rocks undergoing thermal and mechanical stresses. In order to make an effective hazard assessment in such a densely populated area as the Phlegrean Fields, we must first reach a better understanding of the mechanism driving bradyseismic activity and determine the relation between ground deformation and hydrothermal fluid circulation. In this work, we present some results of numerical modeling of both the hydrothermal fluid circulation at La Solfatara, and of its effects on rock deformation. The modeling results show that periods of intensified magmatic degassing can explain many features of the recent crises of unrest at Phlegrean Fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geothermics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALDERAS
KW  - VOLCANOES
KW  - STRUCTURAL geology
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - Bradyseism
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Ground deformation
KW  - Hydrothermal circulation
KW  - Italy
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Phlegrean Fields
KW  - Volcanology
N1  - Accession Number: 13661622; Todesco, Micol 1; Email Address: todesco@bo.ingv.it Rutqvist, Jonny 2 Chiodini, Giovanni 3 Pruess, Karsten 2 Oldenburg, Curtis M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Geo-Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology, Vesuvian Observatory, via Diocleziano 328, Napoli 80124, Italy; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p531; Subject Term: CALDERAS; Subject Term: VOLCANOES; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL geology; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bradyseism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ground deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal circulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Italy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phlegrean Fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volcanology; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arno, M.G.
AU  - Kercher, J.R.
AU  - Cederwall, R.T.
AU  - Loosmore, G.A.
T1  - EXTENSION OF NCRP 129 TO SHORT-LIVED RADIONUCLIDES.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 87
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 136
EP  - 150
SN  - 00179078
AB  - NCRP 129 contains dose conversion factors for 200 radionuclides that allow one to estimate the maximum dose to an individual based on the concentration of the radionuclide in the soil and the way in which the land is used. The methodology of NCRP 129 has been extended to be applicable to 28 common short-lived radionuclides and their progeny, and dose conversion factors were obtained for these radionuclides. In addition to applying the NCRP 129 calculational methodology to these radionuclides, holdup times from harvest or slaughter until consumption have been incorporated into the decay correction equations used to determine the maximum annual dose due to the significance of the holdup time with respect to the dose from short-lived radionuclides. These holdup times were included in the Monte Carlo sampling regimen used in NCRP 129. A test using emission rates proportional to those of the Chernobyl event indicated that areas of high dose, where rainout occurs, more than doubled in areas where short-lived radionuclides from this study were included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Soils
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Chornobyl, Ukraine, 1986
KW  - Radiochemistry
KW  - dose assessment
KW  - modeling
KW  - Monte Carlo
N1  - Accession Number: 14115691; Arno, M.G. 1; Email Address: marno@alum.mit.edu; Kercher, J.R. 2; Cederwall, R.T. 2; Loosmore, G.A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Foxfire Scientific, Arlington; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 87 Issue 2, p136; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Subject Term: Methodology; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Chornobyl, Ukraine, 1986; Subject Term: Radiochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 14 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyer, Brian D.
T1  - A Case for Nuclear-Generated Electricity (Book).
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 87
IS  - 2
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 217
EP  - 217
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Reviews the book "A Case for Nuclear-Generated Electricity," by Scott W. Heaberlin.
KW  - Electricity
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Heaberlin, Scott W.
KW  - Case for Nuclear-Generated Electricity: Or, Why I Think Nuclear Power Is Cool & Why It Is Important That You Think So Too, A (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14115698; Boyer, Brian D. 1; Email Address: boyer@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 87 Issue 2, p217; Thesaurus Term: Electricity; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Case for Nuclear-Generated Electricity: Or, Why I Think Nuclear Power Is Cool & Why It Is Important That You Think So Too, A (Book); People: Heaberlin, Scott W.; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14115698&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephen J.  Kennel
AU  - Trish  Lankford
AU  - Linda  Foote
AU  - Melissa  Wall
AU  - Sandra  Davern
T1  - Phage Display Selection of scFv to Murine Endothelial Cell Membranes.
JO  - Hybridoma & Hybridomics
JF  - Hybridoma & Hybridomics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 211
SN  - 15368599
AB  - The diversity of endothelial cells is becoming more apparent and more important in defining vessel systems that supply blood to normal organs and to tumors. Reagents that identify expression of cell surface determinants on these cells are crucial for differentiating among different vessel types. As a first step in this process we have selected a panel of 25 scFvs from a phage display library that bind to the endothelial cell line LEII. The scFvs are of high affinity and bind to some tumor cells as well as to the target endothelial cell. The scFvs can be divided into 8 epitope groups by use of competition binding studies. DNA sequencing of the members of these groups generally support the classification. This work shows that phage display is a rapid and efficient method for identification of reagents for cell surface molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Hybridoma & Hybridomics is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - CELL lines
KW  - DNA
KW  - TUMORS
N1  - Accession Number: 20158069; Stephen J.  Kennel 1 Trish  Lankford 1 Linda  Foote 1 Melissa  Wall 1 Sandra  Davern 2; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: University of Tennessee Medical Research Center, Knoxville, Tennessee; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p205; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: CELL lines; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: TUMORS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=20158069&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chow, Weng W.
AU  - Vawter, G. Allen
AU  - Guo, Junpeng
T1  - Approaching Intraband Relaxation Rates in the High-Speed Modulation of Semiconductor Lasers.
JO  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
JF  - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 40
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 989
EP  - 995
SN  - 00189197
AB  - This paper uses a nonequllibrium semiconductor laser model to investigate high-modulation bandwidth operation in semiconductor lasers. In particular, limitations to &gsim; 100 GHz modulation response, which approaches the carrier-phonon scattering rate, are analyzed. It is found that plasma heating leads to a dynamic carrier population bottleneck, which limits scaling of modulation bandwidth. An optical injection scheme is proposed to verify this phenomenon experimentally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR lasers
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - BROADBAND communication systems
KW  - Hot carriers
KW  - laser dynamics
KW  - laser theory
KW  - nonequilibrium
KW  - optical modulation
KW  - quantum-well lasers
KW  - semiconductor lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 14020792; Chow, Weng W. 1 Vawter, G. Allen 1 Guo, Junpeng 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0601 USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 40 Issue 8, p989; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR lasers; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: BROADBAND communication systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot carriers; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonequilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical modulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantum-well lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: semiconductor lasers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JQE.2004.831627
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14020792&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rieben, R.
AU  - White, D.
AU  - Rodrigue, G.
T1  - High-Order Symplectic Integration Methods for Finite Element Solutions to Time Dependent Maxwell Equations.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2190
EP  - 2195
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - In this paper, we motivate the use of high-order integration methods for finite element solutions of the time dependent Maxwell equations. In particular, we present a symplectic algorithm for the integration of the coupled first-order Maxwell equations for computing the time dependent electric and magnetic fields. Symplectic methods have the benefit of conserving total electromagnetic field energy and are, therefore, preferred over dissipative methods (such as traditional Run ge-Kutta) in applications that require high-accuracy and energy conservation over long periods of time integration. We show that in the context of symplectic methods, several popular schemes can be elegantly cast in a single algorithm. We conclude with some numerical examples which demonstrate the superior performance of high-order time integration methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAXWELL equations
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - RUNGE-Kutta formulas
KW  - Finite element methods
KW  - high-order methods
KW  - Mexwell equation
KW  - symplectic methods
KW  - time domain analysis.
N1  - Accession Number: 14256906; Rieben, R. 1; Email Address: rieben1@llnl.gov White, D. 2; Email Address: White37@llnl.gov Rodrigue, G. 1; Email Address: ghrodrigue@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of California Davis and Institute for Scientific Computing Research, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.  2: Defense Sciences Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA, 94551 USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 8, p2190; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: RUNGE-Kutta formulas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-order methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mexwell equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: symplectic methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: time domain analysis.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TAP.2004.832356
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14256906&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heller, Leon
AU  - Ranken, Douglas
AU  - Best, Elaine
T1  - The Magnetic Field Inside Special Conducting Geometries Due to Internal Current.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 51
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1310
EP  - 1318
SN  - 00189294
AB  - In view of recent attempts to directly and noninvasively detect the neuromagnetic field, we derive an analytic formula for the magnetic field inside a homogeneous conducting sphere due to a point current dipole. It has a similar structure to a well-known formula for the field outside any spherically symmetric conductivity profile. For a radial dipole, the field on the inside has a very simple expression. A symmetry argument is given as to why the field of a radial dipole vanishes outside a spherical conductor. Illustrative plots of the magnetic field are presented for a radial and a tangential dipole; the slope of the tangential component of the magnetic field is discontinuous at the surface of the sphere. A spherical conductor having three concentric regions is discussed; and we also derive an analytic formula for the magnetic field inside a homogeneous infinite half space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - NERVOUS system
KW  - CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - HOMOGENEOUS spaces
KW  - BIOMEDICAL engineering
KW  - Homogeneous sphere
KW  - infinite half space
KW  - magnetic field
KW  - neuromagnetic field
KW  - three concentric spheres.
N1  - Accession Number: 13986136; Heller, Leon 1; Email Address: Iheller@lanl.gov Ranken, Douglas 1; Email Address: ranken@lanl.gov Best, Elaine 1; Email Address: best@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Group, P-21, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p1310; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: NERVOUS system; Subject Term: CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: HOMOGENEOUS spaces; Subject Term: BIOMEDICAL engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homogeneous sphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: infinite half space; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic field; Author-Supplied Keyword: neuromagnetic field; Author-Supplied Keyword: three concentric spheres.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TBME.2004.827554
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13986136&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - King, Tony L.
AU  - Horine, Frank M.
AU  - Daly, Kevin C.
AU  - Smith, Brian H.
T1  - Explosives Detection With Hard-Wired Moths.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 53
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1113
EP  - 1118
SN  - 00189456
AB  - Insects, such as moths, can be trained to respond to explosives odors. A prototype system that can use trained insects such as moths to detect explosives was designed, assembled, and tested. It compares the electromyographic signals of insects trained to respond or not respond to a target explosive vapor in order to determine whether or not explosive devices, such as bombs or landmines, are present. The device was designed to be portable by making it lightweight, battery-powered, and energy efficient. The prototype performed successfully during testing. This device is a novel integration of electronics and biology to create a bioinstrument that has not been previously developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES detection
KW  - MOTHS
KW  - ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
KW  - LAND mines
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRODIAGNOSIS
KW  - Bioinstrumentation
KW  - electromyography
KW  - explosives detection
KW  - Pavlovian conditioning.
N1  - Accession Number: 14196912; King, Tony L. 1; Email Address: tlking@sandia.gov Horine, Frank M. 1 Daly, Kevin C. 2 Smith, Brian H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Explosive Components Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87 185-1453 USA.  2: Department of Entomology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p1113; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES detection; Subject Term: MOTHS; Subject Term: ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; Subject Term: LAND mines; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRODIAGNOSIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bioinstrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromyography; Author-Supplied Keyword: explosives detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pavlovian conditioning.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TIM.2004.831455
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14196912&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - López, Lester S.
AU  - Weller, Thomas M.
T1  - A Low-Loss Quartz-Based Cross-Coupled Filter Integrated Onto Low-Resistivity Silicon.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1809
EP  - 1812
SN  - 00189480
AB  - This paper presents a 10-GHz cross-coupled band- pass filter integrated onto low-resistivity silicon. The filter is fabricated on a quartz substrate and then mounted onto the silicon using benzocyclobutene and inverted microstrip interconnects. The approach enables the integration of low-loss distributed microwave components onto CMOS-grade Si substrates while occupying a small effective footprint on the silicon. Experimental and theoretical results are given for 10-GHz filters integrated onto a 10-Ω cm silicon substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROWAVE devices
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - ANTHROPOMETRY
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Cross-coupled
KW  - low-resistivity silicon (LRS)
KW  - microwave filters
KW  - three-dimensional (3-D) integration.
N1  - Accession Number: 14229767; López, Lester S. 1; Email Address: lslopez@sandia.gov Weller, Thomas M. 2; Email Address: weller@eng.usf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.  2: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.; Source Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 52 Issue 8, p1809; Subject Term: MICROWAVE devices; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: ANTHROPOMETRY; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cross-coupled; Author-Supplied Keyword: low-resistivity silicon (LRS); Author-Supplied Keyword: microwave filters; Author-Supplied Keyword: three-dimensional (3-D) integration.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMTT.2004.831577
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14229767&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Valentine, John D.
T1  - A Brief Note From the Editor for the Nuclear Science Symposium, Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors, and Symposium on Nuclear Power Systems Contributions to the IEEE TRANSACTIONS...
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1311
EP  - 1311
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Presents an introduction to the journal "IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science."
KW  - Periodicals
KW  - Ieee Transactions on Nuclear Science (Periodical)
N1  - Accession Number: 14397534; Valentine, John D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Defense Sciences Engineering Division Livermore, CA 94550 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1311; Subject Term: Periodicals; Reviews & Products: Ieee Transactions on Nuclear Science (Periodical); NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.833174
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397534&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Geronimo, Gianluigi
AU  - Fried, Jack
AU  - O'Connor, Paul
AU  - Radeka, Veljko
AU  - Smith, Graham C.
AU  - Thorn, Criag
AU  - Bo Yu
T1  - Front-End ASIC for a GEM Based Time Projection Chamber.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1312
EP  - 1317
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A time projection chamber for experiments with the laser electron gamma source is being developed. It is composed of a can and a single-ended, dual-stage gas electron multiplier, with associated anode plane pixellated into about 8000 pads. The front-end electronics must provide energy, timing, and address information from those pads involved in measuring each track. For center of gravity determination this information must be sampled from the above-threshold pad and from the two adjacent ones. An efficient scheme for readout of the &ap;8000 front-end channels between each measurement cycle is also required. A 32-channel front-end application-specific integrated circuit has been developed to serve this detector. Fabricated in 0.25 μm CMOS technology, it dissipates 41 mW. Each channel implements a low noise charge preamplifier with continuous reset of new concept, shaping amplifier with band gap referenced baseline sta- bilizer, single threshold discriminator, dual-phase peak detector, timing detector, and logic for neighbor enabling. The readout process is based on token passing and flag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Time projection chambers (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Center of mass
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Laser electrochemistry
KW  - Nuclear physics
KW  - ASIC
KW  - GEM
KW  - reset
KW  - TPC
N1  - Accession Number: 14397535; de Geronimo, Gianluigi 1; Email Address: degeronimo@bnl.gov; Fried, Jack 1; O'Connor, Paul 1; Radeka, Veljko 1; Smith, Graham C. 1; Thorn, Criag 2; Email Address: thorn@bnl.gov; Bo Yu 1; Affiliations: 1: Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: LEGS Group, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1312; Subject Term: Time projection chambers (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Electrons; Subject Term: Center of mass; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Laser electrochemistry; Subject Term: Nuclear physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: ASIC; Author-Supplied Keyword: GEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: reset; Author-Supplied Keyword: TPC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832294
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397535&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratte, Jean-François
AU  - de Geronimo, Ganluigi
AU  - Junnarkar, Sachin
AU  - O'Connor, Paul
AU  - Bo Yu
AU  - Robert, Stéfan
AU  - Radeka, Veljko
AU  - Woody, Criag
AU  - Stoll, Sean
AU  - Vaska, Paul
AU  - Kandasamy, Anand
AU  - Lecomte, Roger
AU  - Fontaine, Réjean
T1  - Front-End Electronics for the RatCAP Mobile Animal PET Scanner.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1318
EP  - 1323
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We report on the development of the front-end electronics for rat conscious animal positron emission tomography (RatCAP), a portable and miniature positron emission tomography scanner. The application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is realized in a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor 0.18 pm technology and is composed of 32 channels of charge sensitive preamplifier, third-order semi-Gaussian bipolar shaper, timing discriminator with independent channel adjustable threshold, and a 32-line address serial encoder to minimize the number of interconnections between the camera and the data acquisition system. Each chip has a maximum power dissipation of 125 mW. A mathematical model of the timing resolution as a function of the noise and slope at the discrimination point as well as the photoelectron statistics was developed and validated. So far, three ASIC prototypes implementing part of the electronics were sent to fabrication. Results from the characterization of the first two prototypes are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emission tomography
KW  - Application-specific integrated circuits
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Rats
KW  - Avalanche photodiodes (APDs)
KW  - complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)
KW  - mixed analog-digital integrated circuits
KW  - positron emission tomography
KW  - rat conscious animal positron emission tomography (RatCAP)
N1  - Accession Number: 14397536; Pratte, Jean-François 1; Email Address: jfpratte@bnl.gov; de Geronimo, Ganluigi 1; Junnarkar, Sachin 1; O'Connor, Paul 1; Bo Yu 1; Robert, Stéfan 2; Radeka, Veljko 1; Woody, Criag 1; Stoll, Sean 1; Vaska, Paul 1; Kandasamy, Anand 1; Lecomte, Roger 2; Fontaine, Réjean 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 2: Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 PQ, Canada.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1318; Subject Term: Emission tomography; Subject Term: Application-specific integrated circuits; Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Electronics; Subject Term: Statistics; Subject Term: Rats; Author-Supplied Keyword: Avalanche photodiodes (APDs); Author-Supplied Keyword: complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS); Author-Supplied Keyword: mixed analog-digital integrated circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: positron emission tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: rat conscious animal positron emission tomography (RatCAP); NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832299
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397536&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lazarus, I. H.
AU  - Appelbe, D. E.
AU  - Boston, A. J.
AU  - Coleman-Smith, P. J.
AU  - Cresswell, J. R.
AU  - Descovich, M.
AU  - Gros, S. A. A.
AU  - Lauer, M.
AU  - Norman, J.
AU  - Pearson, C. J.
AU  - Pucknell, V. F. E.
AU  - Sampson, J. A.
AU  - Turk, G.
AU  - Valiente-Dobon, J. J.
T1  - The GRT4 VME Pulse Processing Card for Segmented Germanium Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1353
EP  - 1357
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A four-channel VERSAmodule Eurocard (VME) with 14 bit, 80 MHz digitizers and powerful on-board processing has been designed, built, and used in tests of digital pulse processing techniques for gamma-ray tracking. This paper explains the background, describes the VME card (known as the GRT4) and presents a 64-channel GRT4 digitizing system which was used to instrument two segmented Germanium detectors during in-beam tests. Results obtained using the GRT4 card are presented as well as some applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Germanium diodes
KW  - Electronic pulse techniques
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Gamma rays
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Nuclear physics
KW  - Digital signal processing
KW  - digitizer
KW  - field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
KW  - gamma-ray spectroscopy detectors
KW  - germanium radiation detectors
KW  - pulse shape analysis (PSA)
KW  - segmented detectors.
N1  - Accession Number: 14397541; Lazarus, I. H. 1; Email Address: l.H.Lazarus@dl.ac.uk; Appelbe, D. E. 1; Boston, A. J. 2; Coleman-Smith, P. J. 1; Cresswell, J. R. 2; Descovich, M. 3; Gros, S. A. A. 2; Lauer, M. 4; Norman, J. 2; Pearson, C. J. 5; Pucknell, V. F. E. 1; Sampson, J. A. 2; Turk, G. 2; Valiente-Dobon, J. J. 5; Affiliations: 1: Daresbury Laboratory, Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils, Warrington WA4 4AD, U.K.; 2: Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, U.K.; 3: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 4: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany.; 5: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, U.K.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1353; Subject Term: Germanium diodes; Subject Term: Electronic pulse techniques; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Gamma rays; Subject Term: Electronics; Subject Term: Nuclear physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital signal processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: digitizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); Author-Supplied Keyword: gamma-ray spectroscopy detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: germanium radiation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse shape analysis (PSA); Author-Supplied Keyword: segmented detectors.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832704
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397541&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blanquart, L.
AU  - Richardson, J.
AU  - Einsweiler, K.
AU  - Fischer, P.
AU  - Mandelli, E.
AU  - Meddeler, G.
AU  - Peric, I.
T1  - FE-I2: A Front-End Readout Chip Designed in a Commercial O.25-μm Process for the ATLAS Pixel Detector at LHC.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1358
EP  - 1364
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new front-end chip (FE-I2) has been developed for the ATLAS pixel detector at the future Large Hadron Collider (LHC) accelerator facility of the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN). This chip has been submitted in a commercial 0.25-μm CMOS process using special layout techniques for radiation tolerance. It comprises 2880 pixels arranged into 18 columns of 160 channels. Each pixel element of dimension 50 μm x 400 μm is composed of a charge-sensitive amplifier followed by a fast discriminator with a detection threshold adjustable within a range of 0-6000 electrons and slow control logic incorporating a wired-hit-Or, preamplifier-kill, readout mask, and automatic threshold tuning circuitry. There are two single-event-upset (SEU)-tolerant DACs for reducing threshold (7-b) and recovery-time (3-b) mismatches from pixel to pixel along with digital hit emulation and a differential readout circuit aimed at transporting time-stamped data from each pixel to buffers at the bottom of the chip. In comparison to previous generations of the ATLAS pixel chip, FE-I2 incorporates many new features such as embedded "smart" decoupling capacitances, long-term overvoltage protection, linear regulators, a capacitance calibration charge-pump circuit, a power-on reset, and a leakage current monitoring circuit. Its predecessor (FE-I1) has been demonstrated to operate correctly after ionizing radiation doses exceeding 50 Mrad (SiO2). Special techniques employed for digital pick-up reduction are also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Large Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Electronic amplifiers
KW  - Electric capacity
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Active bias distribution
KW  - hybrid pixel sensor
KW  - leakage current compensation
KW  - multichip module
KW  - shielding technique
KW  - threshold adjustment
KW  - time over threshold
N1  - Accession Number: 14397542; Blanquart, L. 1; Email Address: lblanquart@lbl.gov; Richardson, J. 1; Einsweiler, K. 1; Fischer, P. 2; Email Address: pfischer@rumms.uni-mannheim.de; Mandelli, E. 1; Meddeler, G. 1; Peric, I. 3; Email Address: peric@faust.physik.uni-bonn.de; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: University of Mannheim, Mannheim D-68 165, Germany.; 3: Physikalisches Institut der Universitat Bonn, D-53 115 Bonn, Germany.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1358; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: Large Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Electronic amplifiers; Subject Term: Electric capacity; Subject Term: Laboratories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active bias distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: hybrid pixel sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: leakage current compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: multichip module; Author-Supplied Keyword: shielding technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: threshold adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: time over threshold; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832895
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397542&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scarpine, Victor E.
AU  - Lumpkin, Alex H.
AU  - Schappert, Warren
AU  - Tassotto, Gianni R.
T1  - Optical Transition Radiation Imaging of Intense Proton Beams at FNAL.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1529
EP  - 1532
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Initial results are presented of a prototype optical transition radiation (OTR) detector under development at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The purpose of this prototype detector is to evaluate the feasibility of using OTR imaging of intense proton (or antiproton) beams in transport lines for beam position and shape measurements. A secondary purpose is to develop experience in designing, constructing and operating a camera and optics system in high radiation environments. Measurements are made of 120 GeV proton beams with intensities up to 4.7 × 1012 particles. Data are presented of OTR with titanium and aluminum foils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Proton beams
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Protons
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Nuclear physics
KW  - Optics
KW  - 120-GeV protons
KW  - optical transition
KW  - radiation proton
N1  - Accession Number: 14397571; Scarpine, Victor E. 1; Email Address: scarpine@fnal.gov; Lumpkin, Alex H. 2; Email Address: tassotto@fnal.gov; Schappert, Warren 3; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov; Tassotto, Gianni R. 1; Email Address: warren@array.ca; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; 3: Array Systems Computing Inc., Toronto. ON M3J-3H7, Canada.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1529; Subject Term: Proton beams; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Nuclear physics; Subject Term: Optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 120-GeV protons; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation proton; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004. 832904
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397571&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akimoto, T.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Azzi, P.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Booth, P.
AU  - Bortoletto, D.
AU  - Burghard, A.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Canepa, A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Chertok, M.
AU  - Ciobanu, C. I.
AU  - Cooke, P.
AU  - Derylo, G.
AU  - Fang, I.
T1  - Sensors for the CDF Run2b Silicon Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1546
EP  - 1554
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We describe the characteristics of silicon microstrip sensors fabricated by Hamamatsu Photonics for the CDF Run 2b silicon detector. A total of 953 sensors, including 117 prototype sensors, have been produced and tested. Five sensors were irradiated with neutrons up to 1.4 x 1014 n/cm2 as a part of the sensor quality assurance program. The electrical and mechanical characteristics are found to be superior in all aspects and fulfill our specifications. We comment on charge-up susceptibility of the sensors that employ a (100) crystal structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Silicon diodes
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Photonics
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 14397574; Akimoto, T. 1; Aoki, M. 1; Azzi, P. 2; Bacchetta, N. 2; Behari, S. 3; Benjamin, D. 4; Bisello, D. 2; Bolla, G. 5; Booth, P. 6; Bortoletto, D. 5; Burghard, A. 7; Busetto, G. 2; Cabrera, S. 4; Canepa, A. 5; Cardoso, G. 6; Chertok, M. 8; Ciobanu, C. I. 9; Cooke, P. 6; Derylo, G. 10; Fang, I. 10; Affiliations: 1: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.; 2: Universita' di Padova, Padova, Italy, and INFN, Padova, Italy.; 3: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 4: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; 5: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; 6: University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, U.K. A.; 7: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.; 8: University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; 9: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; 10: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1546; Subject Term: Silicon diodes; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Photonics; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Quality assurance; Subject Term: Crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832586
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397574&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kleinfelder, Stuart
AU  - Yandong Chen
AU  - Kwiatkowski, Kris
AU  - Shah, Ashish
T1  - High-Speed CMOS Image Sensor Circuits With In Situ Frame Storage.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1648
EP  - 1656
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Two CMOS image sensor circuit prototypes equipped with in situ frame storage have been fabricated and tested. Capable of 4-400 M-frames/s and between 66 and 79 dB rms dynamic range, these developments are intended for the capture of fast, brief, transient events with high resolution. Applications include accelerator-based flash radiography such as proton radiography [1]. The first is a small two-dimensional (2-D) prototype in which each pixel includes either a capacitive trans-impedance amplifier or a direct-integration source-follower front end, followed by an array of 64 frame storage sample capacitors and associated readout electronics. The acquisition of either 32 frames using correlated double sampling (CDS) at 4 M-frames/s, or 64 frames without CDS at up to 10.5 M-frames/s (-3 dB), and up to 13 b dynamic range was achieved. The second is a monolithic solid state "streak camera:," a 1-D linear array of 150 photo diodes, with a 150-frame analog storage array. This device reached 400-M-frames/s operation with electrical test inputs, at least 100-M-frames/s operation with optical inputs, and achieves over 11 b of dynamic range. These circuits demonstrate the high performance possible with CMOS sensor circuits containing in situ frame storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Electric impedance
KW  - Protons
KW  - Radiography
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Active pixel sensor
KW  - CMOS
KW  - high-speed imaging
KW  - streak camera
N1  - Accession Number: 14397590; Kleinfelder, Stuart 1; Email Address: stuartk@uci.edu; Yandong Chen 1; Kwiatkowski, Kris 2; Email Address: krisk@lanl.gov; Shah, Ashish 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.; 2: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1648; Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Electric impedance; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Radiography; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active pixel sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-speed imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: streak camera; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832584
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397590&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jarman, Kenneth D.
AU  - Smith, L. Eric
AU  - Carlson, Deborah K.
T1  - Sequential Probability Ratio Test for Long-Term Radiation Monitoring.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1662
EP  - 1666
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Among the possible decision-making algorithms for sequentially-acquired radiation sensor data is the Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT). The suitability of the SPRT for long-term monitoring applications is discussed, and the decision-making performance of the SPRT is compared to that of the commonly used single-interval test (SIT). The analysis spans a wide range of signal and background count rates so that results are applicable to sew son of all sizes operating in different ambient conditions, with a spectrum of alarm thresholds. It is demonstrated that, for these simulated long-term monitoring scenarios, decisions to issue an alarm when the measured count rate equals the threshold count rate are made 3-S times faster using the SPRT than with the SIT. The ability of the SPRT to provide an "all-clear" indication and the need for SPRT truncation strategies to limit decision times when the measured count rate falls between background and the specified threshold are also discussed. Under an early termination scenario, it is shown that a truncated SPRT retains a higher probability of detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation measurements
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Probability theory
KW  - Electronic data processing
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Nuclear measurements and monitoring techniques
KW  - sensor networks and homeland security
N1  - Accession Number: 14397592; Jarman, Kenneth D. 1; Email Address: kj@pnl.gov; Smith, L. Eric 2; Email Address: eric.srnith@pnl.gov; Carlson, Deborah K. 1; Email Address: dcarlson@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Computational Sciences and Mathematics Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; 2: Radiation and Nuclear Physics Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1662; Thesaurus Term: Radiation measurements; Subject Term: Decision making; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Probability theory; Subject Term: Electronic data processing; Subject Term: Mathematics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear measurements and monitoring techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensor networks and homeland security; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832543
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397592&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moss, C. E.
AU  - Goulding, C. A.
AU  - Hollas, C. L.
AU  - Myers, W. L.
T1  - Neutron Detectors for Active Interrogation of Highly Enriched Uranium.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1677
EP  - 1681
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We describe the results of our effort to optimize three neutron detector systems for active interrogation of highly enriched uranium: 1) a large-area detector for maximum absolute efficiency; 2) modular detectors for maximum flexibility in configuring a detector system for an application; and 3) a portable detector. All three systems contained 3He tubes, polyethylene to moderate the neutrons, and cadmium to filter out room-return thermal neutrons. The back and sides of the detectors were shielded with additional polyethylene or bonded polyethylene. The electronics gated off the data acquisition during the interrogating pulse, either bremsstrahlung photons from an electron linac or neutrons from a DT generator. The sensitivity of each detector system depends on the distance between the detector and nuclear material as well as on the intervening material. We present representative data for several configurations showing the performance of each system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Polyethylene
KW  - Neutron counters
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Bremsstrahlung
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Active interrogation
KW  - bremsstrahlung
KW  - linear accelerators
KW  - neutron detectors
KW  - neutron generators
N1  - Accession Number: 14397595; Moss, C. E. 1; Email Address: cmoss@lanl.gov; Goulding, C. A.; Email Address: chollas@lanl.gov; Hollas, C. L. 1; Email Address: bmyers@lanl.gov; Myers, W. L. 1; Email Address: cgoulding@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1677; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Polyethylene; Subject Term: Neutron counters; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Bremsstrahlung; Subject Term: Electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Active interrogation; Author-Supplied Keyword: bremsstrahlung; Author-Supplied Keyword: linear accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron generators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832992
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397595&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nemzek, Robert J.
AU  - Dreicer, Jared S.
AU  - Tomey, David C.
AU  - Warnock, Tony T.
T1  - Distributed Sensor Networks for Detection of Mobile Radioactive Sources.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1693
EP  - 1700
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The ability to track illicit radioactive transport through an urban environment has obvious national security applications. This goal may be achieved by means of individual portal monitors, or by a network of distributed sensors. We have examined the distributed sensing problem by modeling a network of scintillation detectors measuring a Cesium-137 source. We examine signal-to-noise behavior that arises in the simple combination of data from networked radiation sensors. We find that, in the ideal case, large increases in signal-to-noise compared to an individual detector can be achieved, even for a moving source. We also discuss statistical techniques for localizing and tracking single and multiple radioactive sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive substances
KW  - Cesium
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - Signal processing
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Bayes procedures
KW  - coherent addition
KW  - counter-terrorism
KW  - signal detection and estimation
KW  - velocity measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 14397598; Nemzek, Robert J. 1; Email Address: nemzek@lanl.gov; Dreicer, Jared S. 2; Email Address: jdreicer@lanl.gov; Tomey, David C. 3; Email Address: dct@lanl.gov; Warnock, Tony T. 4; Email Address: ttw@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ISR-4, MS-D448, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, DIR, MS-D440, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, T- 10, MS-K7 10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, CCS-3, MS-B265, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1693; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive substances; Thesaurus Term: Cesium; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Scintillators; Subject Term: Signal processing; Subject Term: Statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayes procedures; Author-Supplied Keyword: coherent addition; Author-Supplied Keyword: counter-terrorism; Author-Supplied Keyword: signal detection and estimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: velocity measurement; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832582
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397598&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Womack, Frank N.
AU  - Goedeke, Shawn M.
AU  - Bergeron, Noah P.
AU  - Hollerman, William A.
AU  - Allison, Stephen W.
T1  - Measurement of Triboluminescence and Proton Half Brightness Dose for ZnS:Mn.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1737
EP  - 1741
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Preliminary research has shown that triboluminescent (TL) phosphors show promise for use as the active element in impact sensors. For ZnS:Mn, preliminary results indicate that impact energies greater than 1.6 Times; 10-2 J produced measurable TL light. A so-called "smart" structure with embedded TL material could be capable of determining whether a particle had struck, and record the relative intensity of its impact. In order to use such materials in space, we need to understand the radiation susceptibility of the TL phosphor. The corresponding proton dose required to reduce the proton-induced luminescence of ZnS:Mn to half of its initial value was found to be 9.02 × 1013 mm-2. This value will be used to help determine how incident protons affect the production of TL in ZnS:Mn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Luminescence
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Phosphors
KW  - Protons
KW  - Optics
KW  - Drop tower
KW  - half brightness dose
KW  - triboluminescence
KW  - ZnS:Mn
N1  - Accession Number: 14397605; Womack, Frank N. 1; Goedeke, Shawn M. 2; Email Address: goedekesm@oml.gov; Bergeron, Noah P. 1; Hollerman, William A. 1; Email Address: hollerman@louisiana.edu; Allison, Stephen W. 2; Email Address: allisonsm@oml.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.; 2: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1737; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Luminescence; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Phosphors; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drop tower; Author-Supplied Keyword: half brightness dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: triboluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnS:Mn; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832604
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397605&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Z. W.
AU  - Miller, M. A.
AU  - Maya, L.
AU  - Brown, G. M.
AU  - Sloop Jr., F. V.
T1  - Boron-Loaded Silicone Rubber Scintillators.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1773
EP  - 1776
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Silicone rubber has received attention as an alternative to polyvinyltoluene in applications in which the scintillator is exposed to high doses of radiation because of the increased resistance of the rubber to the formation of blue-absorbing color centers. Work by Bowen, et at, and Harmon, et at, has demonstrated their properties under gamma/X-ray irradiation, and Bell, et a!. have shown their response to thermal neutrons. This last work, however, provides an example of a silicone in which both the boron and the scintillator are contained in the rubber as solutes, a formulation which leads to the precipitation of solids and sublimation of the boron component. In the present work we describe a scintillator in which the boron is chemically bonded to the siloxane and so avoids the problem of precipitation and loss of boron to sublimation. Material containing up to 18% boron, by weight, was prepared, mounted on photomultipliers, and exposed to both neutron and gamma fluxes. Pulse height spectra showing the neutron and photon response were obtained, and although the light output was found to be much poorer than from samples in which boron was dissolved, the higher boron concentrations enabled essentially 100% neutron absorption in only a few millimeters of rubber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Boron
KW  - Silicone rubber
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - Thermal neutrons
KW  - Photomultipliers
KW  - Siloxanes
KW  - Boron-loaded scintillator
KW  - neutron
KW  - organic scmtillator
KW  - silicone rubber
KW  - thermal neutron detection
N1  - Accession Number: 14397611; Bell, Z. W. 1; Email Address: bellzw@ornl.gov; Miller, M. A. 2; Email Address: millerma@y12.doe.gov; Maya, L. 3; Brown, G. M. 1; Email Address: browngm1@ornl.gov; Sloop Jr., F. V. 1; Email Address: sloopfvjr@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; 2: Y-12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; 3: 724 Mountain Pass Lane, Knoxville, TN 37923 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1773; Thesaurus Term: Boron; Subject Term: Silicone rubber; Subject Term: Scintillators; Subject Term: Thermal neutrons; Subject Term: Photomultipliers; Subject Term: Siloxanes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron-loaded scintillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutron; Author-Supplied Keyword: organic scmtillator; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicone rubber; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal neutron detection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832600
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397611&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwiatkowski, Kris
AU  - Lyke, Jim
AU  - Wojnarowski, Robert
AU  - Kapusta, Chris
AU  - Kleinfelder, Stuart
AU  - Wilke, Mark
T1  - 3-D Electronics Interconnect for High-Performance Imaging Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1829
EP  - 1834
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We describe work that extends three-dimensional (3-D) patterned overlay high-density interconnect (HDI) to high-performance imaging applications. The work was motivated by the rigorous requirements of the multiple-pulse imager for dynamic proton radiography. The optical imager has to provide large (>90%) optical fill factor, high quantum efficiency, 200-ns inter-frame time interval, and storage for >32 frames. In order to accommodate the massively parallel electronics including the signal storage for a large number of frames, it is necessary to provide novel 3-D interconnect and packaging architectures. Recently, a 3-D interconnect technology was successfully demonstrated to assemble a stack of 50 signal-processing chips into a cube. Each chip contained test connections (interconnect continuity only) simulating 160 channels of pixel read-out electronics. Test cube assemblies, based on these mock-up integrated circuits, have been fabricated to explore the feasibility of constructing functional cube arrays. A novel 3D integrated sensor-electronics (mirror-cube) imager architecture is proposed. We also briefly review progress in the custom fast image-processing electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Image processing
KW  - Protons
KW  - Radiography
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Optics
KW  - 3-D interconnect
KW  - Adaptive lithography
KW  - die stacking
KW  - fast imagers
KW  - HDI
KW  - polymer bump bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 14397621; Kwiatkowski, Kris 1; Email Address: krisk@lanl.gov; Lyke, Jim 2; Email Address: james.lyke@kirtland.af.mil; Wojnarowski, Robert 3; Kapusta, Chris 3; Kleinfelder, Stuart 4; Email Address: stuartk@uci.edu; Wilke, Mark 1; Email Address: wilke@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H-803, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; 2: United State Air Force Research Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.; 3: General Electric-Global Research, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA.; 4: Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1829; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Image processing; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Radiography; Subject Term: Electronics; Subject Term: Optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-D interconnect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive lithography; Author-Supplied Keyword: die stacking; Author-Supplied Keyword: fast imagers; Author-Supplied Keyword: HDI; Author-Supplied Keyword: polymer bump bonding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832712
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397621&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maravin, Yurii
AU  - Anderson, John
AU  - Angstadt, Robert
AU  - Babukhadia, Levan
AU  - Bhattacharjee, Mrinmoy
AU  - Blazey, Gerald
AU  - Borcherding, Fred
AU  - Connolly, Brian
AU  - Cooke, Michael
AU  - Desai, Satish
AU  - Evans, David
AU  - Grannis, Paul
AU  - Grunendahl, Stefan
AU  - Hensel, Carsten
AU  - Hu, Yuan
AU  - Jain, Vivek
AU  - Johnson, Marvin
AU  - Linn, Stephan
AU  - Lizarazo, Juan
AU  - Martin, Manuel
T1  - First Results From the Central Tracking Trigger of the Dø Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1848
EP  - 1851
SN  - 00189499
AB  - An overview of the Dø Central Track Trigger (CTT) for the Tevatron Run 2 program is presented. This newly commissioned system uses information from the Dø Central Fiber Tracker and Preshower Detectors to generate trigger information for the first level of the three-tiered Dø Trigger. The system delivers tracking detector trigger decisions every 132 ns, based on input data flowing at a rate of 475 Gbit per second. Initial results indicate excellent performance of the CTT. First studies of efficiency and trigger performance of the CTT are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - Trigger circuits
KW  - Physics instruments
KW  - Nuclear physics
KW  - Data acquisition
KW  - field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
KW  - parallel scintillation detectors
KW  - triggering
N1  - Accession Number: 14397624; Maravin, Yurii 1; Email Address: maravin@final.gov; Anderson, John 1; Angstadt, Robert 1; Babukhadia, Levan 2; Bhattacharjee, Mrinmoy 2; Blazey, Gerald 3; Borcherding, Fred 1; Connolly, Brian 4; Cooke, Michael 5; Desai, Satish 2; Evans, David 6; Grannis, Paul 2; Grunendahl, Stefan 1; Hensel, Carsten 7; Hu, Yuan 2; Jain, Vivek 8; Johnson, Marvin 1; Linn, Stephan 4; Lizarazo, Juan 9; Martin, Manuel 3; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 2: State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.; 3: NICADDINIU, Northern Illinois University, DeKaIb, IL 60115 USA.; 4: Physics Department, Honda State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; 5: TW Bonner Nuclear Lab, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K.; 7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.; 8: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 9: Departamento de Fisica, Universidad De Los Andes, Apartado Aereo 4976, Bogota, Colombia.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1848; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Field programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: Scintillators; Subject Term: Trigger circuits; Subject Term: Physics instruments; Subject Term: Nuclear physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel scintillation detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: triggering; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832623
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397624&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fiederle, M.
AU  - Fauler, A.
AU  - Konrath, J.
AU  - Babentsov, V.
AU  - Franc, J.
AU  - James, R. B.
T1  - Comparison of Undoped and Doped High Resistivity CdTe and (Cd,Zn)Te Detector Crystals.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1864
EP  - 1868
SN  - 00189499
AB  - CdTe and (Cd,Zn)Te crystals were grown to study the compensation mechanism and the influence on the transport properties. Undoped and doped crystals with Sn, In, and Ge were grown. The crystals showed resistivities up to 109 Ωcm and higher. The transport properties depended strongly on the dopant and the compensation mechanism. For the doping with a deep donor, the mobility-lifetime product of electrons were 2 × 10-5 cm/V and 4 × 10-4 m cm²/V for Ge and Sn doped, respectively. The highest values were obtained for In doped (Cd,Zn)Te with 3.3 × 10-3 cm²/V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium compounds
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Electric resistance
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Electrons
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - CdTe
KW  - CdZnTe
KW  - compensation mechanism
KW  - radiation detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 14397628; Fiederle, M. 1; Email Address: Michael.Fiederle@fmf.uni-freiburg.de; Fauler, A. 1; Konrath, J. 1; Babentsov, V. 1; Franc, J. 1; James, R. B. 2; Email Address: rjames@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.; 2: Environment and National Security, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1864; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium compounds; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Electric resistance; Subject Term: Crystals; Subject Term: Electrons; Subject Term: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdZnTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: compensation mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation detectors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832958
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14397628&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Ning
AU  - Chassin, David P.
T1  - A State-Queueing Model of Thermostatically Controlled Appliances.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1666
EP  - 1673
SN  - 08858950
AB  - This paper develops a state-queuing model to analyze the price response of aggregated loads consisting of thermostatically controlled appliances (TCAs). Assuming a perfectly diversified load before the price response, we show that TCA setpoint changes in response to the market price Will result in a redistribution of TCAs in on/off states and therefore change the probabilities for a unit to reside in each state. A randomly distributed load can be partially synchronized and the aggregated diversity lost. The loss of the load diversity can then create unexpected dynamics in the aggregated load profile. Raising issues such as restoring load diversity and damping the peak loads are also addressed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOAD (Electric power)
KW  - INTERCONNECTED electric utility systems -- Automation
KW  - ELECTRIC power consumption
KW  - ELECTRIC utilities
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - Demand-side management program
KW  - load control
KW  - load modeling
KW  - power distribution
KW  - price responsive load
KW  - state-queueing model
KW  - thermostatically controlled appliances.
N1  - Accession Number: 14194070; Lu, Ning 1; Email Address: ning.lu@pnl.gov Chassin, David P. 1; Email Address: David.Chassin@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Science and Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p1666; Subject Term: LOAD (Electric power); Subject Term: INTERCONNECTED electric utility systems -- Automation; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power consumption; Subject Term: ELECTRIC utilities; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Demand-side management program; Author-Supplied Keyword: load control; Author-Supplied Keyword: load modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: power distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: price responsive load; Author-Supplied Keyword: state-queueing model; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermostatically controlled appliances.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221116 Geothermal Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221117 Biomass Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221118 Other Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPWRS.2004.831700
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14194070&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thatcher, T. L.
AU  - Wilson, D. J.
AU  - Wood, E. E.
AU  - Craig, M. J.
AU  - Sextro, R. G.
T1  - Pollutant dispersion in a large indoor space: Part 1 – Scaled experiments using a water-filled model with occupants and furniture.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 258
EP  - 271
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - Scale modeling is a useful tool for analyzing complex indoor spaces. Scale model experiments can reduce experimental costs, improve control of flow and temperature conditions, and provide a practical method for pretesting full-scale system modifications. However, changes in physical scale and working fluid (air or water) can complicate interpretation of the equivalent effects in the full-scale structure. This paper presents a detailed scaling analysis of a water tank experiment designed to model a large indoor space, and experimental results obtained with this model to assess the influence of furniture and people in the pollutant concentration field at breathing height. Theoretical calculations are derived for predicting the effects from losses of molecular diffusion, small scale eddies, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent mass diffusivity in a scale model, even without Reynolds number matching. Pollutant dispersion experiments were performed in a water-filled 30:1 scale model of a large room, using uranine dye injected continuously from a small point source. Pollutant concentrations were measured in a plane, using laser-induced fluorescence techniques, for three interior configurations: unobstructed, table-like obstructions, and table-like and figure-like obstructions. Concentrations within the measurement plane varied by more than an order of magnitude, even after the concentration field was fully developed. Objects in the model interior had a significant effect on both the concentration field and fluctuation intensity in the measurement plane. This scale model study demonstrates both the utility of scale models for investigating dispersion in indoor environments and the significant impact of turbulence created by furnishings and people on pollutant transport from floor level sources. In a room with no furniture or occupants, the average concentration can vary by about a factor of 3 across the room. Adding furniture and occupants can increase this spatial variation by another factor of 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - WATER pollution
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - EDDIES
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - REYNOLDS stress
KW  - Contaminant transport
KW  - Indoor air quality
KW  - Laser-induced fluorescence
KW  - Scaling rules
KW  - Turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 13546881; Thatcher, T. L. 1; Email Address: tlthatcher@lbl.gov Wilson, D. J. 2 Wood, E. E. 1 Craig, M. J. 1 Sextro, R. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p258; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: WATER pollution; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Subject Term: EDDIES; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: REYNOLDS stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contaminant transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-induced fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scaling rules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 24 Black and White Photographs, 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00242.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13546881&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finlayson, E. U.
AU  - Gadgil, A. J.
AU  - Thatcher, T. L.
AU  - Sextro, R. G.
T1  - Pollutant dispersion in a large indoor space. Part 2: Computational fluid dynamics predictions and comparison with a scale model experiment for isothermal flow.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
EP  - 283
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - This paper reports on an investigation of the adequacy of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), using a standard Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) model, for predicting dispersion of neutrally buoyant gas in a large indoor space. We used CFD to predict pollutant (dye) concentration distribution in a water-filled scale model of an atrium with a continuous pollutant source in the absence of furniture and occupants. Predictions from the RANS formulation are comparable with an ensemble average of independent identical experiments. Model results were compared with pollutant concentration data in a horizontal plane from experiments in a scale model atrium. Predictions were made for steady-state (fully developed) and transient (developing) pollutant concentrations. Agreement between CFD predictions and ensemble averaged experimental measurements is quantified using the ratios of CFD-predicted and experimentally measured dye concentration at a large number of points in the measurement plane. Agreement is considered good if these ratios fall between 0.5 and 2.0 at all points in the plane. The standard k-epsilon two-equation turbulence model obtains this level of agreement and predicts pollutant arrival time to the measurement plane within a few seconds. These results suggest that this modeling approach is adequate for predicting isothermal pollutant transport in a large room with simple geometry. CFD modeling of pollutant transport is becoming increasingly common but high quality comparisons between CFD and experiment remain rare. Our results provide such a comparison. We demonstrate that the standard k-epsilon model provides good predictions for both transient and fully developed pollutant concentrations for an isothermal large space where furnishings are unimportant. This model is less computationally intensive than a large eddy simulation or low Reynolds number k-epsilon model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - REYNOLDS analogy
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - Computational fluid dynamics
KW  - Experimental verification
KW  - Indoor pollutant dispersion
KW  - Reynolds Averaged Navier--Stokes model
N1  - Accession Number: 13546880; Finlayson, E. U. 1; Email Address: eufinlayson@lbl.gov Gadgil, A. J. 1 Thatcher, T. L. 1 Sextro, R. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p272; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: REYNOLDS analogy; Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational fluid dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Experimental verification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor pollutant dispersion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reynolds Averaged Navier--Stokes model; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 15 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00243.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Robert Erck
T1  - Hydrogen overflow.
JO  - Industrial Physicist
JF  - Industrial Physicist
Y1  - 2004/08//Aug/Sep2004
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
M3  - Letter
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10821848
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor relating to hydrogen fuel published in the journal "The Industrial Physicist."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - HYDROGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 14172568; Robert Erck 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne ,Illinois.; Source Info: Aug/Sep2004, Vol. 10 Issue 4, p7; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiaoyu Li
AU  - Barnum, Howard
T1  - QUANTUM AUTHENTICATION USING ENTANGLED STATES.
JO  - International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science
JF  - International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 609
EP  - 617
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 01290541
AB  - A quantum authentication scheme is presented in this paper. Two parties share Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR) pairs previously as the identification token. They create auxiliary EPR pairs to interact with the identification token. Then the authentication is accomplished by a complete Bell state measurement. This scheme is proved to be secure. If no errors and eavesdroppers exist in the transmission, the identification token is unchanged after the authentication. So it can be reused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER network security
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - CRYPTOGRAPHY
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - COMPUTER network protocols
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - authentication
KW  - EPR pair
KW  - identification token
KW  - reusable
KW  - security
KW  - the Bell state measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 14261624; Xiaoyu Li 1,2; Email Address: lxy@ict.ac.en Barnum, Howard 3; Email Address: barnum@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 2704, Beijing, 100080, People `s Republic of China.  2: School of Chinese Academy Sciences Beijing 100089, People's Republic of China.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B256 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p609; Subject Term: COMPUTER network security; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: CRYPTOGRAPHY; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER network protocols; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Author-Supplied Keyword: authentication; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPR pair; Author-Supplied Keyword: identification token; Author-Supplied Keyword: reusable; Author-Supplied Keyword: security; Author-Supplied Keyword: the Bell state measurement; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, Jinyu
AU  - Irrera, Andrea
AU  - Choi, Mun Young
AU  - Mulholland, George W.
AU  - Suo-Anttila, Jill
AU  - Gritzo, Louis A.
T1  - Measurement of light extinction constant of JP-8 soot in the visible and near-infrared spectrum
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 47
IS  - 17/18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3643
EP  - 3648
SN  - 00179310
AB  - The dimensionless extinction constant, <f>Ke</f>, was measured using the NIST large agglomerate optics facility (LAOF) for soot produced from JP-8 flames. Measurements were performed using light sources ranging from 632.8 to 1565 nm. These experiments represent the first measurement of dimensionless extinction constant for soot produced from JP-8 flames. The <f>Ke</f> values did not display significant spectral variations that were observed for pure fuels such as acetylene and ethene. The measured <f>Ke</f> values ranged from 9.75 to 9.95 in the wavelength range between 632.8 and 1565 nm. Measurements provide a more reliable value of <f>Ke</f> for use in optical-based soot diagnostics for soot concentration and temperature measurement as well as for soot radiation analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYROMETRY
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Extinction constant
KW  - Light extinction
KW  - Radiative properties
KW  - Soot
KW  - Two-wavelength pyrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13468647; Zhu, Jinyu 1; Email Address: jzhu@anl.gov Irrera, Andrea 2 Choi, Mun Young 2 Mulholland, George W. 3 Suo-Anttila, Jill 4 Gritzo, Louis A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Transportation Technology R&D Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  3: Building and Fire Research Laboratory, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  4: Fire Science and Technology, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 47 Issue 17/18, p3643; Subject Term: PYROMETRY; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extinction constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Light extinction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-wavelength pyrometry; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.04.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gropp, William
AU  - Lusk, Ewing
T1  - FAULT TOLERANCE IN MESSAGE PASSING INTERFACE PROGRAMS.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 372
SN  - 10943420
AB  - As modem supercomputers scale to hundreds or even thousands of individual nodes, the Message Passing Interface (MPI) remains a straightforward and effective way to program them. Users naturally want their programs to adapt to hardware faults and continue running. Researchers have explored a number of different approaches to providing fault tolerance in MPI programs. A particular MPI implementation (no more or less standard-conforming than any other) may still extend (or restrict) the class of MPI programs that will exhibit various degrees of fault tolerance when linked with a particular MPI implementation and executed. of The highest level of survival is that the MPI implementation automatically recovers from some set of faults and the MPI program, regardless of its structure, continues without significant change to its behavior. A second level of survival is that the program is notified of the problem and is prepared to take corrective action.
KW  - FAULT tolerance (Engineering)
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers)
N1  - Accession Number: 14260256; Gropp, William 1 Lusk, Ewing 1; Affiliation:  1: MATHEMATICS, COMPUTER SCIENCE DIVISION ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY ARGONNE, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: Fall2004, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p363; Subject Term: FAULT tolerance (Engineering); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004046045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blain, Matthew G.
AU  - Riter, Leah S.
AU  - Cruz, Dolores
AU  - Austin, Daniel E.
AU  - Wu, Guangxiang
AU  - Plass, Wolfgang R.
AU  - Cooks, R. Graham
T1  - Towards the hand-held mass spectrometer: design considerations, simulation, and fabrication of micrometer-scaled cylindrical ion traps
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 236
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 104
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Breakthrough improvements in simplicity and reductions in the size of mass spectrometers are needed for high-consequence fieldable applications, including error-free detection of chemical/biological warfare agents, medical diagnoses, and explosives and contraband discovery. These improvements are most likely to be realized with the reconceptualization of the mass spectrometer, rather than by incremental steps towards miniaturization. Microfabricated arrays of mass analyzers represent such a conceptual advance. A massively parallel array of micrometer-scaled mass analyzers on a chip has the potential to set the performance standard for hand-held sensors due to the inherit selectivity, sensitivity, and universal applicability of mass spectrometry as an analytical method. While the effort to develop a complete micro-MS system must include innovations in ultra-small-scale sample introduction, ion sources, mass analyzers, detectors, and vacuum and power subsystems, the first step towards radical miniaturization lies in the design, fabrication, and characterization of the mass analyzer itself. In this paper we discuss design considerations and results from simulations of ion trapping behavior for a micrometer scale cylindrical ion trap (CIT) mass analyzer (internal radius r0 = 1μm). We also present a description of the design and microfabrication of a 0.25cm2 array of 106 one-micrometer CITs, including integrated ion detectors, constructed in tungsten on a silicon substrate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - THICKNESS measurement
KW  - MINIATURE electronic equipment
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - Cylindrical ion trap
KW  - Fieldable analytical instruments
KW  - Microfabrication
KW  - Miniature mass spectrometer
KW  - Simulations of ion motion
N1  - Accession Number: 14189150; Blain, Matthew G.; Email Address: blainmg@sandia.gov Riter, Leah S. 1 Cruz, Dolores 2 Austin, Daniel E. 2 Wu, Guangxiang 1 Plass, Wolfgang R. 3 Cooks, R. Graham; Email Address: cooks@purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0603, USA  3: II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 236 Issue 1-3, p91; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: THICKNESS measurement; Subject Term: MINIATURE electronic equipment; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cylindrical ion trap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fieldable analytical instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microfabrication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Miniature mass spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulations of ion motion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijms.2004.06.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greiner, Walter
AU  - Bürvenich, Thomas J.
T1  - VACUUM:: MATTER AND ANTIMATTER.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1531
EP  - 1538
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02182718
AB  - In this manuscript we first present the vacuum for the e+-e- field of QED and show how it is modified for baryons in nuclear environment. Then we discuss the possibility of producing new types of nuclear systems by implanting an antibaryon into ordinary nuclei. The structure of nuclei containing one antiproton or antilambda is investigated within the framework of a relativistic mean-field model. Self-consistent calculations predict an enhanced binding and considerable compression in such systems as compared with normal nuclei. We present arguments that the life time of such nuclei with respect to the antibaryon annihilation might be long enough for their observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - MATTER
KW  - ANTIMATTER
KW  - MEAN field theory
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - clusters of matter and antimatter
KW  - QED
KW  - relativistic mean-field model
KW  - Vacuum
N1  - Accession Number: 14635514; Greiner, Walter 1; Email Address: greiner@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de Bürvenich, Thomas J. 2; Email Address: tbuerven@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik, J. W. Goethe-Universität, D-60054 Frankfurt am Main, Germany  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p1531; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: ANTIMATTER; Subject Term: MEAN field theory; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: clusters of matter and antimatter; Author-Supplied Keyword: QED; Author-Supplied Keyword: relativistic mean-field model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vacuum; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clayton, J.D.
AU  - Bammann, D.J.
AU  - McDowell, D.L.
T1  - Anholonomic configuration spaces and metric tensors in finite elastoplasticity
JO  - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
JF  - International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1039
SN  - 00207462
AB  - Deformation mappings are considered that correspond to the motions of lattice defects, elastic stretch and rotation of the lattice, and initial defect distributions. Intermediate (i.e., relaxed) configuration spaces associated with these deformation maps are identified and then classified from the differential-geometric point of view. A fundamental issue is the proper selection of coordinate systems and metric tensors in these configurations when such configurations are classified as anholonomic. The particular choice of a global, external Cartesian coordinate system and corresponding covariant identity tensor as a metric on an intermediate configuration space is shown to be a constitutive assumption often made regardless of the existence of geometrically necessary crystal defects associated with the anholonomicity (i.e., the non-Euclidean nature) of the space. Since the metric tensor on the anholonomic configuration emerges necessarily in the definitions of scalar products, certain transpose maps, tensorial symmetry operations, and Jacobian invariants, its selection should not be trivialized. Several alternative (i.e., non-Euclidean) representations proposed in the literature for the metric tensor on anholonomic spaces are critically examined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - COORDINATES
KW  - Configurations
KW  - Elastoplasticity
KW  - Incompatibility
N1  - Accession Number: 11535366; Clayton, J.D. 1 Bammann, D.J. 2 McDowell, D.L. 1; Email Address: david.mcdowell@me.gatech.edu; Affiliation:  1: George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA  2: Department of Science-based Materials Modeling, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p1039; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: COORDINATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Configurations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastoplasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Incompatibility; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0020-7462(03)00095-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiong, Demin
AU  - Sperling, Jonathan
T1  - Semiautomated matching for network database integration
JO  - ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing
JF  - ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 59
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 46
SN  - 09242716
AB  - High-resolution imagery is now routinely utilized to acquire geometric and attribute data for road networks. Frequently, these data must be integrated with data from other sources to meet application requirements. A critical first step in this process of data integration is to identify the correspondences between networks, so that data can be merged or transferred from one network to another. This paper introduces a semiautomated method that combines an automated algorithm and an interactive procedure to match networks that are represented differently. The automated algorithm establishes robust correspondences for nodes, edges, and segments between two networks using a cluster-based matching mechanism. The interactive procedure allows a user to visually check and correct correspondences that are mismatched by the automated algorithm. Two matching examples are presented in the paper to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method. The results of these two matching examples illustrate that this semiautomated method is highly effective and can meet the needs of real-world applications. The automated algorithm is capable of generating reliable matching measures, resolving difficult matches, and in both cases, correctly identifying the overwhelming majority of the matching counterparts. The interactive procedure, on the other hand, is useful for checking and correcting mismatched counterparts during the early stage of the matching process, which significantly improves performance and reliability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Data protection
KW  - Databases
KW  - Combinatorial analysis
KW  - automated network matching
KW  - conflation
KW  - interactive matching
KW  - road networks
KW  - vector data integration
KW  - GIS
N1  - Accession Number: 13903582; Xiong, Demin 1; Email Address: Xiongd@ornl.gov; Sperling, Jonathan 2; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Engineering Science and Technology Division, Building NTRC, MS-6472, 2360 Cherahala Blvd., Knoxville, TN 37832, USA; 2: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research, 451 7th Street SW, Washington, DC 20410, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 59 Issue 1/2, p35; Subject Term: Algorithms; Subject Term: Data protection; Subject Term: Databases; Subject Term: Combinatorial analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: automated network matching; Author-Supplied Keyword: conflation; Author-Supplied Keyword: interactive matching; Author-Supplied Keyword: road networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: vector data integration; Author-Supplied Keyword: GIS; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2003.12.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Havey, Crystal D.
AU  - Basile, Franco
AU  - Mowry, Curtis
AU  - Voorhees, Kent J.
T1  - Evaluation of a micro-fabricated pyrolyzer for the detection of Bacillus anthracis spores
JO  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
JF  - Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 61
SN  - 01652370
AB  - A micro-fabricated device for pyrolysis (i.e. micro-pyrolyzer) has been evaluated for pyrolysis and thermal hydrolysis methylation using Bacillus anthracis spores. The micro-pyrolyzer consists of a silicon wafer substrate with either a circular (2.7 mm diameter) or square (6.25 mm2 area) silicon-nitride membrane heated by a platinum resistive element. A metal housing (i.e. test fixture) encloses the micro-pyrolyzer and serves as a manifold for the air carrier gas. The test fixture was interfaced to a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer via a direct capillary (<F>100 μm×1.4</F> m). The 360–440 °C pyrolysis of B. anthracis spores produced dipicolinic acid (DPA) similar to that from a furnace pyrolyzer. In further studies, B. anthracis spores subjected to thermal hydrolysis methylation conditions produced ions characteristic of dipicolinic acid dimethyl ester. Results demonstrate the micro-pyrolyzer devices are capable of temperatures and heating rates to perform pyrolysis and thermal hydrolysis methylation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - METHYLATION
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Micro
KW  - Pyrolyzer
KW  - Spores
N1  - Accession Number: 14140016; Havey, Crystal D. 1 Basile, Franco 1 Mowry, Curtis 2 Voorhees, Kent J. 1; Email Address: kvoorhee@mines.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Micro Analytical Systems Department, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: METHYLATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillus anthracis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrolyzer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spores; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jaap.2004.02.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adcock, P.A.
AU  - Quillinan, A.
AU  - Clark, B.
AU  - Newman, O.M.G.
AU  - Adeloju, S.B.
T1  - Measurement of Polarization Parameters Impacting on Electrodeposit Morphology. II: Conventional Zinc Electrowinning Solutions.
JO  - Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
JF  - Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 34
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 771
EP  - 780
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0021891X
AB  - A new technique for measuring effects of polarization modifiers on nucleation potential and plating potential in polycrystalline electrodeposition was presented in Part I of this series (J. Appl. Electrochem. 32 (2002) 1101-1107). This paper presents the results of application of the proposed technique to conventional zinc electrowinning. Strong correlations are observed between deposit metallographic structure and the polarization characteristics. The results demonstrate that the new galvano-staircase method can be used to predict long-term (i.e. substrate-independent) deposit morphology, based on relatively rapid electrochemical measurements. With sufficient knowledge of the system, beneficial changes can be specified for additives, particularly long term averages. However even interactive, control on an hourly basis should be possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Electrochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - ELECTROMETALLURGY
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - ZINC
KW  - ZINC compounds
KW  - additives
KW  - electrodeposit morphology
KW  - nucleation
KW  - overpotential
KW  - zinc
N1  - Accession Number: 15102864; Adcock, P.A. 1; Email Address: palcadcock@hotmail.com Quillinan, A. 2 Clark, B. 2 Newman, O.M.G. 2 Adeloju, S.B. 3; Affiliation:  1: MST-11, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, MS D429, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Pasminco Smelter Technical Support, PO Box 175, Boolaroo, New South Wales 2284, Australia  3: School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Monash University, Gippsland Gampus, Northways Road, Churchill, Victoria 3842, Australia; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 34 Issue 8, p771; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: ELECTROMETALLURGY; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: ZINC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: additives; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrodeposit morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: overpotential; Author-Supplied Keyword: zinc; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whiteman, C. David
AU  - Pospichal, Bernhard
AU  - Eisenbach, Stefan
AU  - Weihs, Philipp
AU  - Clements, Craig B.
AU  - Steinacker, Reinhold
AU  - Mursch-Radlgruber, Erich
AU  - Dorninger, Manfred
T1  - Inversion Breakup in Small Rocky Mountain and Alpine Basins.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 43
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1069
EP  - 1082
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - Comparisons are made between the postsunrise breakup of temperature inversions in two similar closed basins in very different climate settings, one in the eastern Alps and one in the Rocky Mountains. The small, high-altitude, limestone sinkholes have both experienced extreme temperature minima below -50°C and both develop strong nighttime inversions. On undisturbed clear nights, temperature inversions reach to 120-m heights in both sinkholes but are much stronger in the drier Rocky Mountain basin (24 vs 13 K). Inversion destruction takes place 2.6–3 h after sunrise in these basins and is accomplished primarily by subsidence warming associated with the removal of air from the base of the inversion by the upslope flows that develop over heated sidewalls. A conceptual model of this destruction is presented, emphasizing the asymmetry of the boundary layer development around the basin and the effects of solar shading by the surrounding ridgeline. Differences in inversion strengths and postsunrise heating rates between the two basins are caused by differences in the surface energy budget, with drier soil and a higher sensible heat flux in the Rocky Mountain sinkhole. Inversions in the small basins break up more quickly following sunrise than for previously studied valleys. The pattern of inversion breakup in the non-snow-covered basins is the same as that reported in snow-covered Colorado valleys. The similar breakup patterns in valleys and basins suggest that along-valley wind systems play no role in the breakups, since the small basins have no along-valley wind system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - SINKHOLES
KW  - LIMESTONE
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - BASINS (Geology)
KW  - VALLEYS
N1  - Accession Number: 14154417; Whiteman, C. David 1; Email Address: dave.whiteman@pnl.gov Pospichal, Bernhard 2 Eisenbach, Stefan 2 Weihs, Philipp 3 Clements, Craig B. 4 Steinacker, Reinhold 2 Mursch-Radlgruber, Erich 3 Dorninger, Manfred 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.  2: Department of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.  3: Institute for Meteorology and Physics, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.  4: Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 43 Issue 8, p1069; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: SINKHOLES; Subject Term: LIMESTONE; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: BASINS (Geology); Subject Term: VALLEYS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whiteman, C. D.
AU  - Haiden, T.
AU  - Pospichal, B.
AU  - Eisenbach, S.
AU  - Steinacker, R.
T1  - Minimum Temperatures, Diurnal Temperature Ranges, and Temperature Inversions in Limestone Sinkholes of Different Sizes and Shapes.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 43
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1224
EP  - 1236
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - Air temperature data from five enclosed limestone sinkholes of various sizes and shapes on the Hetzkogel Plateau near Lunz, Austria (1300 m MSL), have been analyzed to determine the effect of sinkhole geometry on temperature minima, diurnal temperature ranges, temperature inversion strengths, and vertical temperature gradients. Data were analyzed for a non-snow-covered October night and for a snow-covered December night when the temperature fell as low as -28.5°C. A surprising finding is that temperatures were similar in two sinkholes with very different drainage areas and depths. A three-layer model was used to show that the sky-view factor is the most important topographic parameter controlling cooling for basins in this size range in near-calm, clear-sky conditions and that the cooling slows when net longwave radiation at the floor of the sinkhole is nearly balanced by the ground heat flux. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SINKHOLES
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - LIMESTONE
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14154407; Whiteman, C. D. 1; Email Address: dave.whiteman@pnl.gov Haiden, T. 2 Pospichal, B. 3 Eisenbach, S. 3 Steinacker, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.  2: Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Vienna, Austria.  3: Department of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 43 Issue 8, p1224; Subject Term: SINKHOLES; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: LIMESTONE; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: RADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, M. C.
AU  - Bourret-Courchesne, E. D.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Liliental-Weber, Z.
AU  - Zakharov, D. N.
AU  - Jorgenson, R. J.
AU  - Ng, T. B.
AU  - McCready, D. E.
AU  - Williams, J. R.
T1  - Effect of gallium nitride template layer strain on the growth of InxGa1-xN/GaN multiple quantum well light emitting diodes.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1381
EP  - 1386
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - GaN template layer strain effects on the growth of InGaN/GaN light emitting diodes devices were investigated. Seven-period InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well structures (MQW) were deposited on 5 and 15 μm GaN template layers. It was found that the electroluminescence emission of the 15 μm device was redshifted by approximately 132 meV. Triple-axis x-ray diffraction and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy show that the 15 μm template layer device was virtually unstrained while the 5 μm layer experienced tensile strain. Dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry depth profiles show that the 15 μm template layer device had an average indium concentration of 11% higher than that of the 5 μm template layer device even though the MQW structures were deposited during the same growth run. It was also found that the 15 μm layer device had a higher average growth rate than the 5 μm template layer device. This difference in indium concentration and growth rate was due to changes in thermodynamic limitations caused by strain differences in the template layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM nitride
KW  - GALLIUM compounds
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13910693; Johnson, M. C. 1 Bourret-Courchesne, E. D. 1; Email Address: edbourret@lbl.gov Wu, J. 1 Liliental-Weber, Z. 1 Zakharov, D. N. 1 Jorgenson, R. J. 2 Ng, T. B. 2 McCready, D. E. 3 Williams, J. R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, I Cyclotron Road, MS2R0200, Berkeley, California 94720-8197  2: Oriol Inc., 3390 Viso Court, Santa Clara, California 95054  3: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 3, p1381; Subject Term: GALLIUM nitride; Subject Term: GALLIUM compounds; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766407
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - In-Tae Bae
AU  - Ishimaru, Manabu
AU  - Hirotsu, Yoshihiko
AU  - Sickafus, Kurt E.
T1  - Solid phase epitaxy of amorphous silicon carbide: Ion fluence dependence.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1451
EP  - 1457
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have investigated the effect of radiation damage and impurity concentration on solid phase epitaxial growth of amorphous silicon carbide (SiC) as well as microstructures of recrystallized layer using transmission electron microscopy. Single crystals of 6H-SiC with (0001) orientation were irradiated with 150 keV Xe ions to fluences of 1015 and 1016 /cm2, followed by annealing at 890°C. Full epitaxial recrystallization took place in a specimen implanted with 1015 Xe ions, while retardation of recrystallization was observed in a specimen implanted with 1016 /cm2 Xe ions. Atomic pair-distribution function analyses and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy results suggested that the retardation of recrystallization of the 1016 Xe/cm2 implanted sample is attributed to the difference in amorphous structures between the 1015 and 1016 Xe/cm2 implanted samples, i.e., more chemically disordered atomistic structure and higher Xe impurity concentration in the 1016 Xe/cm2 implanted sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - AMORPHOUS semiconductors
KW  - CARBIDES
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13910682; In-Tae Bae 1 Ishimaru, Manabu 1 Hirotsu, Yoshihiko 1 Sickafus, Kurt E. 2; Affiliation:  1: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 3, p1451; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS semiconductors; Subject Term: CARBIDES; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766093
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ciovati, Gianluigi
T1  - Effect of low-temperature baking on the radio-frequency properties of niobium superconducting cavities for particle accelerators.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1591
EP  - 1600
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Radio-frequency superconducting (SRF) cavities are widely used to accelerate a charged particle beam in particle accelerators. The performance of SRF cavities made of bulk niobium has significantly improved over the last ten years and is approaching the theoretical limit for niobium. Nevertheless, RF tests of niobium cavities are still showing some “anomalous” losses that require a better understanding in order to reliably obtain better performance. These losses are characterized by a marked dependence of the surface resistance on the surface electromagnetic field and can be detected by measuring the quality factor of the resonator as a function of the peak surface field. A low-temperature (100–150 °C) “in situ” bake under ultrahigh vacuum has been successfully applied as final preparation of niobium RF cavities by several laboratories over the last few years. The benefits reported consist mainly of an improvement of the cavity quality factor at low field and a recovery from “anomalous” losses (so-called “Q drop”) without field emission at higher field. A series of experiments with a CEBAF single-cell cavity have been carried out at Jefferson Lab to carefully investigate the effect of baking at progressively higher temperatures for a fixed time on all the relevant material parameters. Measurements of the cavity quality factor in the temperature range 1.37–280 K and resonant frequency shift between 6–9.3 K provide information about the surface resistance, energy gap, penetration depth, and mean free path. The experimental data have been analyzed with the complete BCS theory of superconductivity. The hydrogen content of small niobium samples inserted in the cavity during its surface preparation was analyzed with nuclear reaction analysis. The single-cell cavity has been tested at three different temperatures before and after baking to gain some insight on thermal conductivity and Kapitza resistance and the data are compared with different models. This paper describes the results of these experiments and comments on existing models to explain the effect of baking on the performance of niobium RF cavities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - NIOBIUM
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 13910665; Ciovati, Gianluigi 1; Email Address: gciovati@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606 and Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 3, p1591; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: NIOBIUM; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 23 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1767295
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amy, F.
AU  - Wan, A.
AU  - Kahn, A.
AU  - Walker, F. J.
AU  - McKee, R. A.
T1  - Surface and interface chemical composition of thin epitaxial SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 films: Photoemission investigation.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1601
EP  - 1606
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - In this work, we use SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 films (thickness <10 nm) epitaxially grown on Si(100) substrates, and x-ray and ultraviolet (UV) photoemission spectroscopy to investigate the effect of surface preparation on chemical and electronic film and interface properties. Depending on the surface treatment, e.g., ex situ UV generated ozone or annealing in oxygen or vacuum, the valence band maximum position shifts by more than 2 eV, whereas the oxide core levels shift by less than 0.6 eV. These findings indicate that extremely careful cleaning procedures must be applied, as surface composition and film morphology are of paramount importance in the determination of the electronic structure of the crystalline oxides. In addition, the interfaces between SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 and Si are shown to be unstable at annealing temperatures required to thoroughly clean and order the surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13910664; Amy, F. 1; Email Address: famy@ee.princeton.edu Wan, A. 1 Kahn, A. 1 Walker, F. J. 2 McKee, R. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 3, p1601; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1765855
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bai, Feiming
AU  - Wang, Naigang
AU  - Li, Jiefang
AU  - Viehland, D.
AU  - Gehring, P. M.
AU  - Xu, Guangyong
AU  - Shirane, G.
T1  - X-ray and neutron diffraction investigations of the structural phase transformation sequence under electric field in 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-0.3PbTiO3 crystal.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1620
EP  - 1627
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The structural phase transformations of 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.3PbTiO3 (PMN-30%PT) have been studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and neutron scattering as a function of temperature and electric field. We observe the phase transformational sequence (i) cubic (C)→ tetragonal (T)→ rhombohedral (R) in the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) condition; (ii) C→T→ monoclinic (MC)→ monoclinic (MA) in the field-cooled (FC) condition; and (iii) R→MA→MC→T with increasing field at fixed temperature beginning from the ZFC condition. Upon removal of the field, the MA phase is stable at room temperature in the FC condition, and also in the ZFC condition with increasing field. Several subtleties of our findings are discussed based on results from thermal expansion and dielectric measurements, including (i) the stability of the MA phase, (ii) a difference in lattice parameters between inside bulk and outside layer regions, and (iii) a difference in the phase transition temperature between XRD and dielectric data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13910661; Bai, Feiming 1; Email Address: fbai@vt.edu Wang, Naigang 1 Li, Jiefang 1 Viehland, D. 1 Gehring, P. M. 2 Xu, Guangyong 3 Shirane, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virgina 24061  2: NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899  3: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 3, p1620; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766087
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amy, F.
AU  - Wan, A. S.
AU  - Kahn, A.
AU  - Walker, F. J.
AU  - McKee, R. A.
T1  - Band offsets at heterojunctions between SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 and Si(100).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1635
EP  - 1639
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We use thin (∼26 Å) SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 films epitaxially grown on Si(100) substrates, and ultraviolet and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy to investigate band discontinuities at the SrTiO3/Si and BaTiO3/Si heterojunctions. The treatment of the oxide film surface ranges from ex situ ultraviolet generated ozone to annealing in O2 or ultrahigh vacuum. Depending on surface treatment, the valence band offset varies from 2.38 to 2.64 eV for SrTiO3/Si heterostructure and from 2.35 to 2.66 eV for BaTiO3/Si. These values imply that the conduction band minimum of the oxide is below that of the semiconductor, a situation referred to as negative conduction band offset. We demonstrate that the SrTiO3/Si and BaTiO3/Si interfaces undergo significant chemical changes during surface cleaning of the oxide film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 13910659; Amy, F. 1 Wan, A. S. 1 Kahn, A. 1; Email Address: kahn@ee.princeton.edu Walker, F. J. 2 McKee, R. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 3, p1635; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766417
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13910659&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarkisov, G. S.
AU  - Sasorov, P. V.
AU  - Struve, K. W.
AU  - McDaniel, D. H.
T1  - State of the metal core in nanosecond exploding wires and related phenomena.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1674
EP  - 1686
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Experiments show that an expanding metal wire core that results from a nanosecond electrical explosion in vacuum consists primarily of three different states: solid, microdrop, and gas-plasma. The state of the wire core depends both on the amount of energy deposited before the voltage breakdown and on the heating conditions. For small amounts of deposited energy (on the order of solid-stage enthalpy), the wire core remains in a solid state or is partially disintegrated. For a high level of deposited energy (more than vaporization energy) the wire core is in a gas-plasma state. For an intermediate level of deposited energy (more than melting but less than vaporization), the wire disintegrates into hot liquid microdrops or clusters of submicron size. For a wire core in the cluster state, interferometry demonstrates weak (or even absent) phaseshift. Light emission shows a "firework effect"—the long late-time radiation related to the emission by the expanding cylinder of hot microparticles. For the wire core in a gas-plasma state, interferometry demonstrates a large phaseshift and a fast reduction in light emission due to adiabatic cooling of the expanding wire core. The simulation of this firework effect agrees well with experimental data, assuming submicron size and a temperature approaching boiling for the expanded microparticles cylinder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - WIRE
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - ELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 13910653; Sarkisov, G. S. 1; Email Address: gssarki@sandia.gov Sasorov, P. V. 2 Struve, K. W. 3 McDaniel, D. H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Ktech Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123  2: Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 3, p1674; Subject Term: ELECTRIC wire; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1767976
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13910653&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Newsome, Seth D.
AU  - Phillips, Donald L.
AU  - Culleton, Brendan J.
AU  - Guilderson, Tom P.
AU  - Koch, Paul L.
T1  - Dietary reconstruction of an early to middle Holocene human population from the central California coast: insights from advanced stable isotope mixing models
JO  - Journal of Archaeological Science
JF  - Journal of Archaeological Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 31
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1101
EP  - 1115
SN  - 03054403
AB  - The inherent sampling and preservational biases of the archaeological record make it difficult to quantify prehistoric human diets, especially in coastal settings, where populations had access to a wide range of marine and terrestrial food sources. In certain cases, geochemical proxies such as stable isotope ratios may be utilized to provide robust estimates on the relative proportions of various food resources consumed by prehistoric populations. The Harkins Slough archaeological site (SCR-60/130) is an early to middle Holocene coastal assemblage located on Monterey Bay in central CA. The carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope composition of human burials and associated archaeofauna excavated from the site were measured for input into a concentration-dependent isotope mixing model that is able to statistically discriminate among multiple (>3) food sources. The human burials segregate into two distinct groups, an early (∼7000 bp) and middle (∼4500 bp) Holocene population with significant dietary differences. Stable isotope analyses indicate a 70–84% marine food source contribution for the early Holocene group (EHG), but only a 48–58% marine dietary contribution for the middle Holocene group (MHG). Results also suggest that pinnipeds were an important marine food source for both groups. Modeling results are in agreement with archaeological evidence from southern CA, suggesting that early Holocene coastal populations were highly dependent on marine resources, with the ability to procure both littoral and pelagic species. Further, the use of terrestrial plant sources likely increased over time, with the feasible contribution range doubling from the EHG (4–30%, mean 19%) to MHG (10–52%, mean 38%). This trend is supported by regional archaeological evidence for the advent of technological innovations linked to intensive terrestrial plant processing beginning in the middle Holocene. Methodologically, this work demonstrated the utility of a concentration-dependent stable isotope mixing model in an iterative framework to provide feasible ranges of dietary contribution when the number of food sources is too high to allow a unique solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Archaeological Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOOD
KW  - STABLE isotopes
KW  - HOLOCENE paleoceanography
KW  - NATURAL resources
KW  - California coast
KW  - Early Halocene
KW  - Human paleodiets
KW  - Isotope mixing models
KW  - Stable isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 13396944; Newsome, Seth D. 1; Email Address: snewsome@es.ucsc.edu Phillips, Donald L. 2 Culleton, Brendan J. 3 Guilderson, Tom P. 4 Koch, Paul L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Department, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  2: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA  3: Pacific Legacy Incorporated, 1525 Seabright Avenue, Santa Cruz, CA 95062, USA  4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 31 Issue 8, p1101; Subject Term: FOOD; Subject Term: STABLE isotopes; Subject Term: HOLOCENE paleoceanography; Subject Term: NATURAL resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: California coast; Author-Supplied Keyword: Early Halocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human paleodiets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope mixing models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stable isotopes; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jas.2004.02.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13396944&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batista, Enrique R.
AU  - Martin, Richard L.
AU  - Hay, P. Jeffrey
AU  - Peralta, Juan E.
AU  - Scuseria, Gustavo E.
T1  - Density functional investigations of the properties and thermochemistry of UF6 and UF5 using valence-electron and all-electron approaches.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2144
EP  - 2150
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The structural properties and thermochemistry of UF6 and UF5 have been investigated using both Hartree-Fock and density functional theory (DFT) approximations. Within the latter approach, the local spin-density approximation, the generalized gradient approximation, and hybrid density functionals were considered. To describe the uranium atom we employed small-core (60 electrons) and large-core (78 electrons) relativistic effective core potentials (RECPs), as well as the all-electron approximation based on the two-component third-order Douglas-Kroll-Hess Hamiltonian. For structural properties, we obtained very good agreement with experiment with DFT and both large and small-core RECPs. The best match with experiment is given by the hybrid functionals with the small-core RECP. The bond dissociation energy (BDE) was obtained from the relative energies of the fragments [UF6→UF5+F], corrected for zero-point energy and spin-orbit interaction. Very good agreement was found between the BDE obtained from all-electron calculations and those calculated with the small-core RECP, while those from the large-core RECP are off by more than 50%. In order to obtain good agreement with experiment in the BDE it is imperative to work with hybrid density functionals and a small-core RECP. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - HARTREE-Fock approximation
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - SELF-consistent field theory
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13791263; Batista, Enrique R. 1 Martin, Richard L. 1 Hay, P. Jeffrey 1; Email Address: pjhay@lanl.gov Peralta, Juan E. 2 Scuseria, Gustavo E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, MS B268, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Chemistry Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892.; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 5, p2144; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: HARTREE-Fock approximation; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: SELF-consistent field theory; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 8 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768518
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13791263&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chirico, R.D.
AU  - Steele, W.V.
T1  - High-energy components of “designer gasoline and designer diesel fuel” I. Heat capacities, enthalpy increments, vapor pressures, critical properties, and derived thermodynamic functions for bicyclopentyl between the <f>T</f>=(10 and 600) K
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 36
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 633
EP  - 643
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Measurements leading to the calculation of the standard thermodynamic properties for gaseous bicyclopentyl (Chemicals Abstracts registry number [1636-39-1]) are reported. Experimental methods include adiabatic heat-capacity calorimetry, comparative ebulliometry, and differential-scanning calorimetry (d.s.c.). The critical temperature was determined by d.s.c. and the critical pressure and critical density were estimated. Standard molar entropies, standard molar enthalpies, and standard molar Gibbs free energies of formation are reported at selected temperatures between <f>T</f>=(298.15 and 600) K. Formation properties were calculated with a literature value for the enthalpy of combustion in the liquid phase. All results are compared with available literature values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - PETROLEUM products
KW  - SUBLIMATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - Bicyclopentyl
KW  - Critical properties
KW  - Enthalpy of fusion
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Ideal-gas properties
KW  - Phase transition
KW  - Triple-point temperature
KW  - Vapor pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 13475186; Chirico, R.D. 1; Email Address: chirico@boulder.nist.gov Steele, W.V. 2,3; Email Address: steelewv@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC), Physical and Chemical Properties Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Mailstop 838.00, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA  2: Physical Properties Research Facility, Chemical Engineering Department, 327 Dougherty Engineering Bldg., 1512 Middle Drive, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  3: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6273, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 36 Issue 8, p633; Subject Term: GASOLINE; Subject Term: PETROLEUM products; Subject Term: SUBLIMATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bicyclopentyl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy of fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ideal-gas properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triple-point temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486910 Pipeline Transportation of Refined Petroleum Products; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jct.2004.04.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13475186&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weisbrod, Noam
AU  - Niemet, Michael R.
AU  - Rockhold, Mark L.
AU  - McGinnis, Thomas
AU  - Selker, John S.
T1  - Migration of saline solutions in variably saturated porous media
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 133
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Migration of concentrated NaNO3 solutions in homogeneous packs of pre-wetted silica sands was investigated using a light transmission system. Solutions of 5 molal NaNO3 were found to migrate downward 24–62% faster than pure water, in an unstable, fingered manner. This behavior was attributed primarily to a surface tension induced, non-zero apparent contact angle between the imbibing and the resident fluids. For saline solutions of similar surface tension to that of pure water (achieved by the addition of 2% methanol), the migration rates and plume shapes were comparable to that of water, demonstrating that density was not the primary source of the observed differences in migration patterns. At depths where resident saturation increased above residual, the migration process appeared to occur via film flow with slight changes in saturation (<4%), rather than in a series of abrupt jumps, as observed at shallower depths. A method for contact angle scaling was used to illustrate the effects of non-zero contact angles on capillary pressure–saturation curves. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Surface chemistry
KW  - Surface tension
KW  - Fluid mechanics
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Capillary forces
KW  - Contact angle
KW  - Film flow
KW  - Interfacial tension
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Saltwater
N1  - Accession Number: 13703069; Weisbrod, Noam 1; Email Address: weisbrod@bgumail.bgu.ac.il; Niemet, Michael R. 2; Rockhold, Mark L. 3; McGinnis, Thomas 4; Selker, John S. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Institute for Water Sciences and Technologies, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boquer Campus 84990, Israel; 2: CH2M HILL, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 4: Department of Bioengineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-4, p109; Thesaurus Term: Surface chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Surface tension; Subject Term: Fluid mechanics; Subject Term: Porous materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capillary forces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact angle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Film flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial tension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moisture content; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saltwater; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.10.013
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13703069&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, Won-Tae
AU  - Garanzuay, Xandra
AU  - Yiacoumi, Sotira
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
AU  - Gu, Baohua
AU  - Mahinthakumar, G. (Kumar)
T1  - Kinetics of soil ozonation: an experimental and numerical investigation
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 243
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This study investigates the use of ozone for soil remediation. Batch experiments, in which ozone-containing gas was continuously recycled through a soil bed, were conducted to quantify the rate of ozone self-decomposition and the rates of ozone interaction with soil organic and inorganic matter. Column experiments were conducted to measure ozone breakthrough from a soil column. Parameters such as ozone flow rate, soil mass, and ozonation time were varied in these experiments. After ozone concentration had reached steady state, the total organic carbon concentration was measured for all soil samples. The ozonation efficiency, represented by the ratio of soil organic matter consumed to the total ozone input, was quantified for each experiment. Numerical simulations were conducted to simulate experimentally obtained column breakthrough curves. Experimentally obtained kinetic rate constants were used in these simulations, and the results were in good agreement with experimental data. In contrast to previous studies in which soil inorganic matter was completely ignored, our experiments indicate that soil inorganic matter may also promote depletion of ozone, thus reducing the overall ozonation efficiency. Three-dimensional numerical simulations were conducted to predict the efficacy of ozonation for soil remediation in the field. These simulations indicate that such ozonation can be very effective, provided that effective circulation of ozone is achieved through appropriately placed wells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil remediation
KW  - Soil pollution
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Chemical oxidation
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Soil organic matter ozonation
N1  - Accession Number: 13703074; Shin, Won-Tae 1; Garanzuay, Xandra 1; Yiacoumi, Sotira 1; Tsouris, Costas 2; Gu, Baohua 2; Mahinthakumar, G. (Kumar) 3; Email Address: gmkumar@eos.ncsu.edu; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Engineering Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory<fn id="fn1"><no>1</no>Managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-ACO500OR22725.</fn>, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224, USA; 3: Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7908, Raleigh, NC 27695-7908, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-4, p227; Thesaurus Term: Soil remediation; Thesaurus Term: Soil pollution; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter ozonation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.11.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=13703074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Y.
AU  - Qi, L.
AU  - Lee, M.
AU  - Lee, B.I.
AU  - Samuels, W.D.
AU  - Exarhos, G.J.
T1  - Photoluminescent properties of Y2O3:Eu3+ phosphors prepared via urea precipitation in non-aqueous solution
JO  - Journal of Luminescence
JF  - Journal of Luminescence
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 109
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 91
SN  - 00222313
AB  - Europium-doped yttrium oxide phosphors were obtained by firing precursors prepared by urea precipitation in ethanol and ethylenediamine. The precipitation in non-aqueous solution was carried out in an autoclave at 150°C to allow the decomposition of urea. The photoluminescent intensities of the phosphors prepared in ethanol and ethylenediamine increased by about 30% compared to that of the phosphor prepared by the conventional urea homogeneous precipitation in aqueous solution. Amorphous carbonates and amorphous hydroxides/carbonates mixtures were identified as precursors from ethanol and ethylenediamine, respectively. The morphology and particle size were studied by SEM and dynamic laser scattering method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EUROPIUM
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - UREA
KW  - NITROGEN excretion
KW  - Europium-doped Y2O3
KW  - Phosphor
KW  - Photoluminescence
KW  - Precipitation
KW  - Urea
N1  - Accession Number: 13470715; Sun, Y. 1 Qi, L. 1 Lee, M. 1 Lee, B.I. 1; Email Address: burt.lee@ces.clemson.edu Samuels, W.D. 2 Exarhos, G.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Olin Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 0971, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 109 Issue 2, p85; Subject Term: EUROPIUM; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: UREA; Subject Term: NITROGEN excretion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Europium-doped Y2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urea; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jlumin.2004.01.085
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13470715&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steinwart, Ingo
AU  - Christianini, Nello
T1  - Sparseness of Support Vector Machines.
JO  - Journal of Machine Learning Research
JF  - Journal of Machine Learning Research
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1071
EP  - 1105
PB  - Microtome Publishing
SN  - 15324435
AB  - Support vector machines (SVMs) construct decision functions that are linear combinations of kernel evaluations on the training set. The samples with non-vanishing coefficients are called support vectors. In this work we establish lower (asymptotical) bounds on the number of support vectors. On our way we prove several results which are of great importance for the understanding of SVMs. In particular, we describe to which "limit" SVM decision functions tend, discuss the corresponding notion of convergence and provide some results on the stability of SVMs using subdifferential calculus in the associated reproducing kernel Hilbert space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Machine Learning Research is the property of Microtome Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACHINE learning
KW  - MACHINE theory
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL learning theory
KW  - KERNEL functions
KW  - VECTOR analysis
KW  - Computational learning theory
KW  - PAC MODEL
KW  - Pattern recognition
KW  - Sparseness
KW  - SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES
N1  - Accession Number: 14326169; Steinwart, Ingo 1; Email Address: INGO@LANL.GOV Christianini, Nello; Affiliation:  1: Modeling, Algorithms, and Informatics Group, CCS-3, Mail Stop B256, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1071; Subject Term: MACHINE learning; Subject Term: MACHINE theory; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL learning theory; Subject Term: KERNEL functions; Subject Term: VECTOR analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational learning theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: PAC MODEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pattern recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sparseness; Author-Supplied Keyword: SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/1532443041827925
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Czaplewski, David A.
AU  - Ilic, Bojan Rob
AU  - Zalalutdinov, Maxim
AU  - Olbricht, William L.
AU  - Zehnder, Alan T.
AU  - Craighead, Harold U.
AU  - Michalske, Terry A.
T1  - A Micromechanical Flow Sensor for Microfluidic Applications.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 576
EP  - 585
SN  - 10577157
AB  - We fabricated a microftuidic flow meter and measured its response to fluid flow in a microfluidic channel. The flow meter consisted of a micromechanical plate, coupled to a laser deflection system to measure the deflection of the plate during fluid flow. The 100 pm square plate was clamped on three sides and elevated 3 pm above the bottom surface of the channel. The response of the flow meter was measured for flow rates, ranging from 2.1 to 41.7 µL/min. Several fluids, with dynamic viscosities ranging from 0.8 to 4.5 × 10-3 N/rn, were flowed through the channels. Flow was established in the microfluidic channel by means of a syringe pump, and the angular deflection of the plate monitored. The response of the plate to flow of a fluid with a viscosity of 4.5 × 10-3 N/rn was linear for all flow rates, while the plate responded linearly to flow rates less than 4.2 µL/min of solutions with lower dynamic viscosities. The sensitivity of the deflection of the plate to fluid flow was 12.5 ± 0.2 µbrad/(µL/min), for a fluid with a viscosity of 4.5 × 10-3 N/rn. The encapsulated plate provided local flow information along the length of a microfluidic channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - FLOW meters
KW  - VISCOSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14354701; Czaplewski, David A. 1; Email Address: daczapl@sandia.gov Ilic, Bojan Rob 2 Zalalutdinov, Maxim 3 Olbricht, William L. 4 Zehnder, Alan T. 5 Craighead, Harold U. 2 Michalske, Terry A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Nanostructure and Semiconductor Physics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1415, USA  2: Department of Applied Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA  3: Physics Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA  4: Department of Chemical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA  5: Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA  6: Biomolecular Materials and Interfaces Group, Sandia National Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p576; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: FLOW meters; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 13 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.832179
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallis, Michael A.
AU  - Torczynski, John R.
T1  - An Improved Reynolds-Equation Model for Gas Damping of Microbeam Motion.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 653
EP  - 659
SN  - 10577157
AB  - An improved gas-damping model for the out-of-plane motion of a near-substrate microbeam is developed based on the Reynolds equation (RE). A boundary condition for the RE is developed that relates the pressure at the beam edge to the beam motion. The coefficients in this boundary condition are determined from Navier-Stokes slip-jump (NSSJ) simulations for small slip lengths (relative to the gap height) and from direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) molecular gas dynamics simulations for larger slip lengths. This boundary condition significantly improves the accuracy of the RE when the microbeam width is only slightly greater than the gap height between the microbeam and the substrate. The improved RE model is applied to microbeams fabricated using the SUMMIT V process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REYNOLDS analogy
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - GAS dynamics
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - Direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC)
KW  - gas damping
KW  - microbeam
KW  - modeling
KW  - Navier-Stokes
KW  - Reynolds equation (RE)
KW  - SUMMiT V
N1  - Accession Number: 14354710; Gallis, Michael A. 1 Torczynski, John R. 1; Email Address: jrtorez@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p653; Subject Term: REYNOLDS analogy; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: GAS dynamics; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC); Author-Supplied Keyword: gas damping; Author-Supplied Keyword: microbeam; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Navier-Stokes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reynolds equation (RE); Author-Supplied Keyword: SUMMiT V; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woskov, P.P.
AU  - Sundaram, S.K.
AU  - Daniel Jr., W.E.
AU  - Miller, Don
T1  - Molten salt dynamics in glass melts using millimeter-wave emissivity measurements
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 341
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 25
SN  - 00223093
AB  - A novel application of millimeter-wave radiometry has been made for the first time to non-contact detection and monitoring of molten salt layer formation on a nuclear waste glass melt (without the nuclear waste) in a joule-heated melter, which could eventually be implemented for on-line monitoring in nuclear waste vitrification facilities. The experiments were carried out at a frequency of 137 GHz in the EV-16 melter at Clemson Environmental Technology Laboratory (CETL) with 245 lbs. (111 kG) of glass and a total of 4.2 lbs. (1.9 kG) of added salt. The dynamics of salt layer build up were observed from the initial formation of small drops of about 5 mm diameter or less to larger pools >28 mm cross-section that were coincident with the increase in millimeter-wave surface level fluctuations causing the salt to flow back and forth until a continuous layer was formed. The millimeter-wave emissivity at 137 GHz of DWPF black frit glass melt and molten sodium sulfate salt at 950 °C was determined to be 0.64 ± 0.05 and 0.44 ± 0.05, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSED salts
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
N1  - Accession Number: 14035750; Woskov, P.P. 1; Email Address: ppwoskov@mit.edu Sundaram, S.K. 2 Daniel Jr., W.E. 3 Miller, Don 3; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts, Institute of Technology, Plasma Technology Division, NW16-110 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K6-24, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse, Aiken, SC 29808, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 341 Issue 1-3, p21; Subject Term: FUSED salts; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.05.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reibold, Robert A.
AU  - Poco, John F.
AU  - Baumann, Theodore F.
AU  - Simpson, Randall L.
AU  - Satcher Jr., Joe H.
T1  - Synthesis and characterization of a nanocrystalline thoria aerogel
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 341
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 39
SN  - 00223093
AB  - We report the synthesis and characterization for the first example of a low-density nanocrystalline thoria aerogel. The monolithic aerogels were prepared through the sol–gel polymerization of hydrated thorium nitrate in ethanol using ammonium hydroxide and propylene oxide as gelation initiators. The dried ThO2 aerogel was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analyses. The aerogel network was determined to be composed of spherical primary particles with features in the 5–20 nm range. These particles were also determined to be highly crystalline as evidenced by the higher magnification TEM examination. The thoria aerogel possesses high surface area (120 m2/g) and pore diameters in the micro- and mesoporous range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - GELATION
KW  - P300
N1  - Accession Number: 14035752; Reibold, Robert A. 1 Poco, John F. 1 Baumann, Theodore F. 1 Simpson, Randall L. 1 Satcher Jr., Joe H.; Email Address: satcher1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, P.O. Box 808 L-092, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 341 Issue 1-3, p35; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: GELATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: P300; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.05.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Z.P.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Dong, Y.D.
T1  - Effects of atomic bonding nature and size mismatch on thermal stability and glass-forming ability of bulk metallic glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 341
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 100
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Two mathematical models used for quantitatively measuring the effects of atomic bonding nature and atomic size ratios among constituent elements on thermal stability of Mg-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been proposed recently. In this paper, these models are extended to other BMG systems, and the reliability and feasibility of these models for assessing glass-forming ability (GFA) and the thermal stability of BMGs are carefully examined. It was found that these models are not suitable for evaluating the thermal stability of BMGs in other alloy systems. Instead, a weak correlation between the parameters calculated based on these models (i.e., the electronegativity difference <f>Δx</f> and the atomic size difference <f>δ</f>) and the GFA of BMGs is observed. Our analyses indicate that these two models only partially reflect the effects of the atomic bonding nature and the atomic size ratios on the GFA and need to be further refined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - FEASIBILITY studies
KW  - METALLIC glasses
N1  - Accession Number: 14035760; Lu, Z.P. 1; Email Address: luzp@ornl.gov Liu, C.T. 1 Dong, Y.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  2: Institute of Materials, Shanghai University, Box 269, Yanchang Road 149, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 341 Issue 1-3, p93; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: FEASIBILITY studies; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.04.024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14035760&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bloom, E.E.
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
AU  - Wiffen, F.W.
T1  - Materials to deliver the promise of fusion power – progress and challenges
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 19
SN  - 00223115
AB  - High-performance reduced-activation materials are crucial for fulfillment of the promise of fusion to provide safe, economical, and environmentally acceptable energy. Three reduced activation structural materials have emerged as promising candidates, based on 8–9Cr ferritic/martensitic steels, V–Cr–Ti alloys, and SiC/SiC composites. Due to advances in understanding how to control and engineer the nanoscale phase stability required for harsh neutron irradiation environments, these reduced activation materials have unirradiated properties that are superior to commercially available analogs. Perhaps the most important accomplishment to date from fusion materials research is the radiation effects knowledge base. Models of radiation effects and supporting experiments highlight the critical role of helium production on the microstructural stability and lifetime of irradiated materials. The proposed International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) would fill a critical need for fusion materials development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - NUCLEAR activation analysis
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - MARTENSITIC stainless steel
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 14109723; Bloom, E.E. 1 Zinkle, S.J.; Email Address: zinklesj@ornl.gov Wiffen, F.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p12; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: NUCLEAR activation analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.141
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109723&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurtz, R.J.
AU  - Abe, K.
AU  - Chernov, V.M.
AU  - Hoelzer, D.T.
AU  - Matsui, H.
AU  - Muroga, T.
AU  - Odette, G.R.
T1  - Recent progress on development of vanadium alloys for fusion
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 55
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Considerable progress has been made toward development of vanadium alloys for fusion. Much of the recent research has focused on vanadium alloys containing 4–5% Cr and 4–5% Ti, but a number of alternative compositions and processing routes have been explored in an effort to achieve improved performance. The goal of this paper is to review significant new results and to highlight critical issues that remain for future research. Progress in understanding the influence of interstitial impurities on microstructural evolution in both thermal and radiation environments are covered. The current state of knowledge of hardening and embrittlement of vanadium alloys in response to neutron irradiation is reviewed. Atomic-scale computer simulations to elucidate fundamental irradiation damage mechanisms are presented. The thermal and irradiation creep behavior of V–4Cr–4Ti is summarized along with an overview of the effects of He on tensile properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VANADIUM alloys
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - PERFORMANCE evaluation
KW  - METALS -- Defects
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - RADIATION hardening (Materials)
KW  - EMBRITTLEMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 14109727; Kurtz, R.J. 1; Email Address: rj.kurtz@pnl.gov Abe, K. 2 Chernov, V.M. 3 Hoelzer, D.T. 4 Matsui, H. 5 Muroga, T. 6 Odette, G.R. 7; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan  3: Bochvar Research Institute of Inorganic Materials, P.O. Box 369, Moscow, Russia  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  6: National Institute for Fusion Science, Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan  7: Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p47; Subject Term: VANADIUM alloys; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: PERFORMANCE evaluation; Subject Term: METALS -- Defects; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: RADIATION hardening (Materials); Subject Term: EMBRITTLEMENT; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.299
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109727&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riccardi, B.
AU  - Giancarli, L.
AU  - Hasegawa, A.
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
AU  - Jones, R.H.
AU  - Snead, L.L.
T1  - Issues and advances in SiCf/SiC composites development for fusion reactors
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 56
EP  - 65
SN  - 00223115
AB  - SiCf/SiC composites are among the most promising candidate structural materials for fusion because of their potential application for high performance reactors and superior safety characteristics compared to metallic materials. Favourable features of SiCf/SiC composites are the high temperature properties and the low activation characteristics at short and medium term. Conversely, the material has some critical issues such as the remarkable gas production due to nuclear transmutation and properties degradation induced by radiation exposure. Continuous progress in R&D and in particular the availability of advanced fibres and improved processing methods, as well as alternative solutions for fibre–matrix interfaces, has led to composites with higher thermo-mechanical characteristics and better radiation stability. This paper reports the issues of fusion reactor studies, the progress in material R&D and the latest results of radiation exposure studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - NUCLEAR activation analysis
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109728; Riccardi, B. 1; Email Address: riccardi@frascati.enea.it Giancarli, L. 2 Hasegawa, A. 3 Katoh, Y. 4 Kohyama, A. 5 Jones, R.H. 6 Snead, L.L. 4; Affiliation:  1: ENEA-CR Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy  2: CEA, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, F-9119 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France  3: Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 98008579, Japan  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Japan  6: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p56; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: NUCLEAR activation analysis; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
AU  - Matsukawa, Y.
T1  - Observation and analysis of defect cluster production and interactions with dislocations
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
EP  - 96
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The current understanding of defect production fundamentals in neutron-irradiated face centered cubic (FCC) and body centered cubic (BCC) metals is briefly reviewed, based primarily on transmission electron microscope observations. Experimental procedures developed by Michio Kiritani and colleagues have been applied to quantify defect cluster size, density, and nature. Differences in defect accumulation behavior of irradiated BCC and FCC metals are discussed. Depending on the defect cluster obstacle strength, either the dispersed barrier hardening model or the Friedel–Kroupa–Hirsch weak barrier model can be used to describe major aspects of radiation hardening. Irradiation at low temperature can cause a change in deformation mode from dislocation cell formation at low doses to twinning or dislocation channeling at higher doses. The detailed interaction between dislocations and defect clusters helps determine the dominant deformation mode. Recent observations of the microstructure created by plastic deformation of quenched and irradiated metals are summarized, including in situ deformation results. Examples of annihilation of stacking fault tetrahedra by gliding dislocations and subsequent formation of mobile superjogs are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - METALS -- Defects
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
N1  - Accession Number: 14109732; Zinkle, S.J.; Email Address: zinklesj@ornl.gov Matsukawa, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p88; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: METALS -- Defects; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.298
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109732&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wirth, B.D.
AU  - Odette, G.R.
AU  - Marian, J.
AU  - Ventelon, L.
AU  - Young-Vandersall, J.A.
AU  - Zepeda-Ruiz, L.A.
T1  - Multiscale modeling of radiation damage in Fe-based alloys in the fusion environment
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 111
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Ferritic alloys represent a technologically important class of candidate materials for fusion first wall and blanket structures. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms of defect accumulation and microstructure evolution, and the corresponding effects on mechanical properties is required to predict their in-service structural performance limits. The physical processes involved in radiation damage, and its effects on mechanical properties, are inherently multiscale and hierarchical, spanning length and time scales from the atomic nucleus to meters and picosecond to decades. In this paper, we present a multiscale modeling methodology to describe radiation effects within the fusion energy environment. Selected results from atomic scale investigation are presented, focusing on (i) the mechanisms of self-interstitial dislocation loop formation with Burgers vector of <f>a</f>〈1 0 0〉 in iron relative to vanadium, (ii) helium transport and (iii) the interaction between helium and small self-interstitial clusters in iron, and (iv) dislocation-helium bubble interactions in fcc aluminum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTISCALE modeling
KW  - METALS -- Defects
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109734; Wirth, B.D. 1; Email Address: bdwirth@nuc.berkeley.edu Odette, G.R. 2 Marian, J. 3 Ventelon, L. 1 Young-Vandersall, J.A. 4 Zepeda-Ruiz, L.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1730, USA  2: Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  3: Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p103; Subject Term: MULTISCALE modeling; Subject Term: METALS -- Defects; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.156
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109734&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pint, Bruce A.
AU  - Tortorelli, P.F.
AU  - Jankowski, A.
AU  - Hayes, J.
AU  - Muroga, T.
AU  - Suzuki, A.
AU  - Yeliseyeva, O.I.
AU  - Chernov, V.M.
T1  - Recent progress in the development of electrically insulating coatings for a liquid lithium blanket
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 124
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Electrically insulating coatings on the first wall of magnetic confinement reactors are essential to reduce the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) force that would otherwise inhibit the flow of the lithium coolant. There are very few candidate materials because Li dissolves most oxides and many carbides and nitrides do not have sufficient electrical resistivity for this application. Based on thermodynamic considerations and testing of bulk ceramics, the most promising materials are Y2O3, Er2O3 and AlN. Coatings of these materials are being fabricated by a variety of processing techniques and their resistivity and microstructure characterized. Electrical resistivity results from Y2O3 coatings as-deposited and after exposure to Li are presented. Self-healing and in situ coatings are being investigated based on CaO from Li–Ca and Er2O3 from Li–Er. Because there are likely to be cracks in any coatings, a dual-layer system with a thin outer layer of vanadium appears to be a more attractive MHD coating system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14109737; Pint, Bruce A. 1; Email Address: pintba@ornl.gov Tortorelli, P.F. 1 Jankowski, A. 2 Hayes, J. 2 Muroga, T. 3 Suzuki, A. 3 Yeliseyeva, O.I. 4 Chernov, V.M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-352, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Fusion Engineering Research Center, National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan  4: G.V. Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute NASU, L'viv 79601, Ukraine  5: SSC-RF A.A. Bochvar Institute of Inorganic Materials, 123060, P.O. Box 369, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p119; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109737&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mansur, L.K.
AU  - Rowcliffe, A.F.
AU  - Nanstad, R.K.
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
AU  - Corwin, W.R.
AU  - Stoller, R.E.
T1  - Materials needs for fusion, Generation IV fission reactors and spallation neutron sources – similarities and differences
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 166
EP  - 172
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Fusion reactors, advanced fission reactors and high power accelerator spallation targets subject materials to damaging particle irradiation. Although these technologies derive their utility from different nuclear reactions and divergent applications, they experience many common features. Further, the physical mechanisms of radiation response are cross-cutting. For example, swelling, phase instability, hardening, flow localization, and embrittlement must be understood in order to estimate component lifetimes. Additional commonalities include reliance on the same classes of materials and sometimes on the identical alloy for critical components. In addition, databases supporting designs are mainly derived from the same relatively few irradiation facilities and from similar types of experiments. Opportunities are examined for coordinated efforts. Emphasis is placed on the development of fundamental knowledge to support alloy design strategies for resistance to irradiation and to form a scientific basis to develop better materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - EMBRITTLEMENT
KW  - RADIATION hardening (Materials)
KW  - PLASMA instabilities
N1  - Accession Number: 14109761; Mansur, L.K.; Email Address: mansurlk@ornl.gov Rowcliffe, A.F. 1 Nanstad, R.K. 1 Zinkle, S.J. 1 Corwin, W.R. 1 Stoller, R.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p166; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: EMBRITTLEMENT; Subject Term: RADIATION hardening (Materials); Subject Term: PLASMA instabilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109761&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Carlan, Y.
AU  - Murugananth, M.
AU  - Sourmail, T.
AU  - Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H.
T1  - Design of new Fe–9CrWV reduced-activation martensitic steels for creep properties at 650 °C
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 238
EP  - 242
SN  - 00223115
AB  - New low-activation martensitic steels for creep resistance between 600 and 700 °C were designed using thermodynamic, kinetic and neural network modelling tools. Suitable compositions for a matrix stabilised by vanadium nitride (VN) particles were firstly suggested on the basis of phase stability calculations using the thermodynamic software MTDATA. A neural network method was then used to predict the creep rupture stress of the possible compositions. It was predicted that a creep rupture stress close to 100 MPa for 100 000 h at 650 °C could be achievable. Finally, the precipitation and growth kinetics of VN were calculated using an existing kinetic model. These calculations suggested that a fine (nanometre-scale) and homogeneous distribution of particles could be obtained using a high nucleation site density. This could, in principle, be achieved using thermomechanical treatments and should be even better than alloys produced using the classical normalization and tempering route. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR activation analysis
KW  - MARTENSITIC stainless steel
KW  - CHROMIUM alloys
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109775; de Carlan, Y. 1; Email Address: yann.decarlan@cea.fr Murugananth, M. 2 Sourmail, T. 3 Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H. 3; Affiliation:  1: CEA Saclay, Service de Recherches Métallurgiques Appliquées, 91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p238; Subject Term: NUCLEAR activation analysis; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: CHROMIUM alloys; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.017
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109775&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanigawa, H.
AU  - Hashimoto, N.
AU  - Sakasegawa, H.
AU  - Klueh, R.L.
AU  - Sokolov, M.A.
AU  - Shiba, K.
AU  - Jitsukawa, S.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
T1  - Microstructure property analysis of HFIR-irradiated reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 283
EP  - 288
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The effects of irradiation on the Charpy impact properties of reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steels were investigated on a microstructural basis. It was previously reported that the ductile–brittle transition temperature (DBTT) of F82H-IEA and its heat treatment variant increased by about 130 K after irradiation at 573 K up to 5 dpa. Moreover, the shifts in ORNL9Cr–2WVTa and JLF-1 steels were much smaller, and the differences could not be interpreted as an effect of irradiation hardening. The precipitation behavior of the irradiated steels was examined by weight analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis on extraction residues, and SEM/EDS analysis was performed on extraction replica samples and fracture surfaces. These analyses suggested that the difference in the extent of DBTT shift could be explained by (1) smaller irradiation hardening at low test temperatures caused by irradiation-induced lath structure recovery (in JLF-1), and (2) the fracture stress increase caused by the irradiation-induced over-solution of Ta (in ORNL9Cr–2WVTa). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - TRANSITION temperature
KW  - RADIATION hardening (Materials)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14109799; Tanigawa, H. 1; Email Address: tanigawa@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Hashimoto, N. 2 Sakasegawa, H. 3 Klueh, R.L. 2 Sokolov, M.A. 2 Shiba, K. 1 Jitsukawa, S. 1 Kohyama, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p283; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: TRANSITION temperature; Subject Term: RADIATION hardening (Materials); Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.053
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109799&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gelles, D.S.
T1  - Microstructural examination of low activation ferritic steels following irradiation in ORR at 330 and 400 °C to ∼10 dpa
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 304
EP  - 308
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Microstructural examinations are reported for a series of low activation steels containing Mn following irradiation in the Oak Ridge Reactor at 330 and 400 °C to ∼10 dpa. Alloy compositions included 2% Cr, 9% Cr and 12% Cr steels with V to 1.5% and W to 1.0%. Results include compositional changes in precipitates and microstructural changes as a function of composition and irradiation temperature. It is concluded that temperatures in ORR are on the order of 50 °C higher than anticipated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109921; Gelles, D.S. 1; Email Address: ds_gelles@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P8-15, P.O. Box 999, <cty>Richland, WA</cty> 99352, <cny cny-code="us">USA</cny><fn id="fn1">Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC06-76RLO-1830.</fn>; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p304; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.049
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109921&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Porollo, S.I.
AU  - Dvoriashin, A.M.
AU  - Konobeev, Yu.V.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
T1  - Microstructure and mechanical properties of ferritic/martensitic steel EP-823 after neutron irradiation to high doses in BOR-60
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 314
EP  - 318
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Mechanical properties and microstructure of ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steel EP-823 were investigated following irradiation in BOR-60 to 63 dpa at 365–680 °C. Up to ∼460 °C irradiated EP-823 was found to fracture in a brittle mode at low strength levels, but no significant change in mechanical properties occurred at temperatures >460 °C. When compared to EP-450 often used in Russia it is observed that EP-823 is rather more brittle, with the primary microstructural difference being the formation of M2X in EP-823 instead of <f>α′</f> precipitates in EP-450. On the other hand, EP-823 appears to be somewhat more resistant to void swelling. Both of these attributes are thought to arise primarily from the higher silicon content of EP-823. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - MARTENSITIC stainless steel
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - BRITTLENESS
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 14109923; Porollo, S.I. 1 Dvoriashin, A.M. 1 Konobeev, Yu.V. 1 Garner, F.A. 2; Email Address: frank.garner@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: State Scientific Center of Russian Federation, Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia  2: Structural Materials Research, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p314; Subject Term: METALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: BRITTLENESS; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.310
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109923&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dvoriashin, A.M.
AU  - Porollo, S.I.
AU  - Konobeev, Yu. V.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
T1  - Influence of high dose neutron irradiation on microstructure of EP-450 ferritic–martensitic steel irradiated in three Russian fast reactors
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 323
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The microstructure of EP-450 ferritic–martensitic steel was determined after irradiation in BN-350, BN-600 and BR-10 fast reactors at temperatures in the range 275–690 °C. The examinations confirm a high resistance of EP-450 steel to void swelling, but the resistance appears to be lower when the dpa rate is reduced. Depending on irradiation dose and temperature the following was observed: voids (285–520 °C), dislocation loops and linear dislocations (275–520 °C), <f>α′</f>-phase (285–520 °C), <f>χ</f>-phase (460–590 °C), and M2X precipitates (460–690 °C). It appears that the formation of dislocation loops and <f>α′</f> precipitates at high densities is responsible for the low temperature embrittlement observed in this steel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - MARTENSITIC stainless steel
KW  - FAST reactors
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109924; Dvoriashin, A.M. 1 Porollo, S.I. 1 Konobeev, Yu. V. 1 Garner, F.A. 2; Email Address: frank.garner@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: State Scientific Center of Russian Federation, Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE), Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russian Federation  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Structural Materials Res., P.O. Box 999, M/S P8-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p319; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: FAST reactors; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.309
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109924&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Toloczko, M.B.
AU  - Gelles, D.S.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
AU  - Kurtz, R.J.
AU  - Abe, K.
T1  - Irradiation creep and swelling from 400 to 600 °C of the oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic alloy MA957
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
EP  - 355
SN  - 00223115
AB  - An irradiation creep and swelling study was performed on the Y2O3-strengthened ODS ferritic steel MA957. Pressurized tubes were irradiated in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) to doses ranging from 40 to 110 dpa at temperatures ranging from 400 to 600 °C. None of the stress-free tubes exhibited any evidence of swelling as determined by diameter change measurements. With a few exceptions, the irradiation creep behavior is similar to that of conventional ferritic-martensitic steels. Calculated creep compliance values are equal to those of HT9 irradiated within the same temperature range, except at 600 °C where the creep rate of MA957 is about one-half the value for HT9. The magnitude of the creep transient for MA957 is comparable to HT9, again except at 600 °C where the transient is much lower for MA957. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Creep
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - STRENGTHENING mechanisms in solids
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - TESTING laboratories
KW  - MARTENSITIC stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 14109931; Toloczko, M.B. 1; Email Address: mychailo.toloczko@pnl.gov Gelles, D.S. 1 Garner, F.A. 1 Kurtz, R.J. 1 Abe, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS P8-15, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p352; Subject Term: METALS -- Creep; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: STRENGTHENING mechanisms in solids; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: TESTING laboratories; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC stainless steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.296
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109931&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alinger, M.J.
AU  - Odette, G.R.
AU  - Hoelzer, D.T.
T1  - The development and stability of Y–Ti–O nanoclusters in mechanically alloyed Fe–Cr based ferritic alloys
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 382
EP  - 386
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Ferritic alloys containing a high density of nanoscale clusters of Y–Ti–O exhibit superior creep strength and potential for high resistance to radiation damage. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used to characterize the sequence-of-events and the necessary ingredients for the formation of nanoclusters (NCs) during processing, as well as their thermal stability during high temperature aging. Mechanical alloying (MA) dissolves Y2O3 in the master alloy Fe–Cr–W powders. A large population of 1–2 nm NCs precipitate during subsequent high temperature consolidation. The NC sizes increase and their volume fractions and number densities decrease with increasing the consolidation temperature. Both Ti and Y are necessary for NC formation at higher temperatures. The NCs in MA957 are stable during aging at 1150 °C for times up to 243 h, but systematically coarsen at 1200 °C. The NCs coarsen rapidly and become unstable at higher aging temperatures. Variations in the alloy hardness are consistent with differences in the NC sizes and number densities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROCLUSTERS
KW  - TITANIUM compounds
KW  - MECHANICAL alloying
KW  - CHROMIUM-iron alloys
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - METALS -- Creep
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 14109938; Alinger, M.J. 1; Email Address: alinger@engineering.ucsb.edu Odette, G.R. 1 Hoelzer, D.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5070, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p382; Subject Term: MICROCLUSTERS; Subject Term: TITANIUM compounds; Subject Term: MECHANICAL alloying; Subject Term: CHROMIUM-iron alloys; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: METALS -- Creep; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakuma, D.
AU  - Yamashita, S.
AU  - Oka, K.
AU  - Ohnuki, S.
AU  - Rehn, L.E.
AU  - Wakai, E.
T1  - Y2O3 nano-particle formation in ODS ferritic steels by Y and O dual ion-implantation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
EP  - 396
SN  - 00223115
AB  - For basic understanding of how to produce a homogeneous distribution of nano-scale oxide particles, we have applied dual ion-implantation to make a super-saturation of oxide-forming elements. Y+ and O+ ions were implanted into ferritic alloys at room temperature. Both in situ annealing in an electron microscope for thin samples and conventional annealing for bulk samples were carried out at 300–1300 K. Nano-particles of Y2O3 precipitated during annealing, where the starting temperatures for the nucleation and growth depended on the annealing methods. In thin specimens the growth and nucleation of Y2O3 started at 573 and 613 K. In bulk specimens, the growth and nucleation shifted to higher temperatures. Compared with conventional Mechanical Alloying, it is concluded that dual ion-implantation can produce much finer distributions of nano-scale oxides. In order to explain these results, we emphasize the roles of super-saturated elements and lattice defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - IRON alloys
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - MECHANICAL alloying
N1  - Accession Number: 14109940; Sakuma, D. 1 Yamashita, S. 2 Oka, K. 1 Ohnuki, S. 1; Email Address: ohnuki@loam-ms.eng.hokudai.ac.jp Rehn, L.E. 3 Wakai, E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N-13, W-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan  2: Oarai Engineering Center, JNC, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1393, Japan  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne national laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p392; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: IRON alloys; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: MECHANICAL alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.039
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109940&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohnuki, S.
AU  - Yasuda, T.
AU  - Suda, T.
AU  - Watanabe, S.
AU  - Oliver, B.M.
T1  - Effect of alloying elements and neutron-irradiation on hydrogen behavior in V alloys
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
EP  - 485
SN  - 00223115
AB  - To understand hydrogen behavior in V and V based alloys, static and dynamic hydrogen chargings were carried out for unirradiated and irradiated V and V–4Cr–4Ti. Hydrogen can be trapped by lattice defects, dislocations, vacancies and voids, which are effective up to 500 °C. Unexpected softening occurred at low levels of hydrogen, and hardening occurred at high levels. Alloying elements intensified the hardening, which are seen as general phenomena in V and V based alloys. A significant effect was seen for dynamic charging, which was attributed to fast diffusion and interactions with mobile dislocations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MECHANICAL alloying
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - VANADIUM alloys
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
N1  - Accession Number: 14109985; Ohnuki, S. 1; Email Address: ohnuki@loam-ms.eng.hokudai.ac.jp Yasuda, T. 1 Suda, T. 1 Watanabe, S. 1 Oliver, B.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Kita-13, Nishi-8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p481; Subject Term: MECHANICAL alloying; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: VANADIUM alloys; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.086
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109985&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henager Jr., Charles H.
AU  - Le, Edward A.
AU  - Jones, Russ H.
T1  - A model stress analysis of swelling in SiC/SiC composites as a function of fiber type and carbon interphase structure
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 502
EP  - 506
SN  - 00223115
AB  - A continuous fiber composite was simulated by four concentric cylinders (consisting of fiber, fiber/matrix interphase coating, matrix, and surrounding composite) to explore composite stresses when irradiation swelling of the various components is included to study radial debonding at the fiber-coating interface as a function of neutron dose. SiC Type-S and Hi-Nicalon fibers, and three types of transversely isotropic carbons for the fiber coating were considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - FIBROUS composites
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109989; Henager Jr., Charles H. 1; Email Address: chuck.henager@pnl.gov Le, Edward A. 2 Jones, Russ H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS: P8-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p502; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: FIBROUS composites; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.110
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109989&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Youngblood, G.E.
AU  - Senor, D.J.
AU  - Jones, R.H.
T1  - Effects of irradiation and post-irradiation annealing on the thermal conductivity/diffusivity of monolithic SiC and f-SiC/SiC composites
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 507
EP  - 512
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Laser flash thermal diffusivity measurements were made on high-purity monolithic CVD-SiC and 2D f-SiC(Hi-Nicalon™)/ICVI-SiC composite samples before and after irradiation (250–800 °C, 4–8 dpa-SiC) and after post-irradiation annealing composite samples to 1200 °C. For irradiated CVD-SiC, the defect concentrations at saturation were estimated to range from 25 300 appm (250 °C) down to 940 appm (800 °C). The transverse thermal conductivity ratios after-to-before irradiation <f>(Kir/Ko)</f> determined at the irradiation temperatures ranged from: 0.044 (250 °C) up to 0.12 (800 °C) for irradiated CVD-SiC and 0.18 (330 °C) up to 0.29 (800 °C) for the irradiated Hi-Nicalon™ composite. Analysis of thermal diffusivity values for the Hi-Nicalon composite measured in air, argon, helium and vacuum indicated that thermal conductivity degradation occurred primarily due to point defect accumulation in the matrix component. After annealing to 1200 °C and cooling to ambient, fiber/matrix debonding occurred due to net shrinkage in the fiber and PyC interface components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - THERMAL conductivity
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - SAMPLE preparation (Chemistry)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 14109990; Youngblood, G.E.; Email Address: ge.youngblood@pnl.gov Senor, D.J. 1 Jones, R.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, P8-15, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p507; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: THERMAL conductivity; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: SAMPLE preparation (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.111
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109990&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Snead, L.L.
T1  - Limits on irradiation-induced thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity in silicon carbide materials
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 524
EP  - 529
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity of SiC materials is given for fast neutron fluences up to 7.7 × 1025 n/cm2 at irradiation temperatures of 300, 500 and 800 °C. In situ radiation-induced conductivity is also measured for ionizing dose rates up to ∼5 Gy/s (X-ray). Thermal conductivity degradation for CVD SiC is presented in detail exhibiting a substantial reduction from the non-irradiated value of ∼370 W/m K. Thermal conductivity of irradiated stoichiometric fiber, CVI SiC matrix composite is also given. A thermal defect resistance approach is used to analyze this data yielding optimum irradiated thermal conductivity for SiC. Neutron irradiation has a permanent, but small effect on electrical conductivity. In the absence of impurity doping effects the neutron damage tends to increase resistivity by less than an order of magnitude. Those SiC materials with electrical resistivities less than ∼0.1 S/m undergo little increase in conductivity due to ionizing irradiation, while more than a two order of magnitude increase in electrical conductivity is measured for the highest resistivity form of SiC studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL conductivity
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - POINT defects
N1  - Accession Number: 14109994; Snead, L.L. 1; Email Address: sneadll@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, ORNL P.O. Box 2008-MS-6087, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6087, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p524; Subject Term: THERMAL conductivity; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: POINT defects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.294
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109994&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, S.P.
AU  - Jin, J.O.
AU  - Park, J.S.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Yoon, H.K.
AU  - Bae, D.S.
AU  - Kim, I.S.
T1  - High temperature characterization of reaction sintered SiC based materials
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 534
EP  - 538
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Monolithic SiC and SiCf/SiC composite materials have been fabricated by a reaction sintering process. The mechanical properties of RS-SiCf/SiC composites reinforced with Hi-Nicalon SiC fiber have been investigated at elevated temperatures, in conjunction with a detailed analysis of their microstructures. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and strength of RS-SiC material was also examined. The characterization of RS-SiC based materials was evaluated by means of SEM, EDS and three point bend test. The RS-SiC material showed an average density of 3.0 Mg/cm3 and an average strength of about 550 MPa. However, the strength of RS-SiC material decreased with increasing heat treatment times. The RS-SiCf/SiC composite also experienced a reduction of room temperature strength at a test temperature of 1300 °C, owing to the creation of internal defects such as matrix oxidation, interfacial debonding and fiber degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - MICROFABRICATION
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14109996; Lee, S.P. 1; Email Address: splee87@dongeui.ac.kr Jin, J.O. 1 Park, J.S. 2 Kohyama, A. 2 Katoh, Y. 3 Yoon, H.K. 1 Bae, D.S. 4 Kim, I.S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dong-Eui University, 24, Gaya Dong, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-714, South Korea  2: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA  4: Division of Nano Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Dong-Eui University, 24, Gaya Dong, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-714, South Korea; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p534; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: SINTERING; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: MICROFABRICATION; Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.283
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109996&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nozawa, T.
AU  - Hinoki, T.
AU  - Snead, L.L.
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
T1  - Neutron irradiation effects on high-crystallinity and near-stoichiometry SiC fibers and their composites
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 544
EP  - 548
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Key characteristics required for the development of fusion-grade SiC/SiC composites are high-crystallinity and near-stoichiometry. To identify the primary mechanisms of degradation caused by neutron irradiation, the radiation behavior of the constituent SiC fibers needs to be examined. In this study, single filament tensile tests were conducted after neutron irradiation on a recently developed highly-crystalline and near-stoichiometric SiC fiber; Hi-Nicalon™ Type-S. Hi-Nicalon™ Type-S fiber exhibited excellent strength retention up to 7.7 dpa independent of irradiation temperature up to 800 °C. The radiation stability of the Hi-Nicalon™ Type-S fiber directly contributed to the excellent radiation performance in composites made with this fiber. The observed 14–20% decrease of elastic modulus due to neutron irradiation of Hi-Nicalon™ Type-S fiber had a minor effect on composite strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - FIBROUS composites
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
N1  - Accession Number: 14109998; Nozawa, T. 1; Email Address: tnozawa@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp Hinoki, T. 2 Snead, L.L. 2 Katoh, Y. 1,2 Kohyama, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p544; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: FIBROUS composites; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.114
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109998&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Y.
AU  - Son, S.J.
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
T1  - Damage evaluation of W-coated SiC by thermal conductivity measurement
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 549
EP  - 553
SN  - 00223115
AB  - To evaluate the damage of W-coated SiC/SiC composites by thermal conductivity, evaluation of thermal conductivity measurement was performed for W-coated SiC, which was damaged by electron beam-induced thermal impact. After thermal impact of about 6 MW/m2, melted phases around W/SiC interphase and reduction of thermal conductivity were observed. It was suggested that the temperature of the W/SiC interphase was raised to the melting point of a reaction phase, by the thermal impact of about 6 MW/m2, and therefore a melted phase flowed out from the W/SiC interphase and cracks, reducing the thermal conductivity. Numerical calculations showed that the temperature of the W/SiC interphase could be controlled by the thickness of the W coating. The relation between melted phases and reduction of thermal conductivity will be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - METAL coating
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - THERMAL conductivity
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - NUMERICAL calculations
KW  - THICKNESS measurement
N1  - Accession Number: 14109999; Lee, Y. 1; Email Address: yslee@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp Son, S.J. 1 Katoh, Y. 2,3 Kohyama, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  2: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p549; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: METAL coating; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: THERMAL conductivity; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: NUMERICAL calculations; Subject Term: THICKNESS measurement; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.115
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109999&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taguchi, T.
AU  - Nozawa, T.
AU  - Igawa, N.
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Jitsukawa, S.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
AU  - Hinoki, T.
AU  - Snead, L.L.
T1  - Fabrication of advanced SiC fiber/F-CVI SiC matrix composites with SiC/C multi-layer interphase
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 572
EP  - 576
SN  - 00223115
AB  - SiC/SiC composite with SiC/C multi-layer interphase coated on advanced SiC fibers was fabricated by the forced thermal-gradient chemical vapor infiltration (F-CVI) process. SEM and TEM observations verified that SiC/C multi-layer interphase was formed on SiC fibers. Both flexural and tensile strengths of SiC/SiC composite with SiC/C multi-layer interphase were approximately 10% higher than composites fabricated with single carbon interphase. The SEM observation of fracture surface for the composite with SiC/C multi-layer interphase revealed cylindrical steps formed around the fiber. Apparently several crack deflections occurred within SiC/C multi-layer interphase. Moreover, the SiC/C multi-layer applied in this study operated efficiently to improve the mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROFABRICATION
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - FIBROUS composites
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 14110004; Taguchi, T. 1; Email Address: taguchi@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Nozawa, T. 2 Igawa, N. 1 Katoh, Y. 3 Jitsukawa, S. 1 Kohyama, A. 2 Hinoki, T. 2,3 Snead, L.L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Neutron Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  2: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p572; Subject Term: MICROFABRICATION; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: FIBROUS composites; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.120
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110004&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nogami, Shuhei
AU  - Hasegawa, Akira
AU  - Snead, Lance L.
AU  - Jones, Russell H.
AU  - Abe, Katsunori
T1  - Effect of He pre-implantation and neutron irradiation on mechanical properties of SiC/SiC composite
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 577
EP  - 581
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Mechanical property changes of SiC/SiC (Hi-Nicalon/C/SiC) composite caused by uniform He pre-implantation up to about 170 at.ppm at 400–800 °C followed by neutron irradiation up to about 7.7 × 1025 n/m2 (<f>En>0.1</f> MeV) at 800 °C in HFIR were investigated by the three-point bend tests and nano-indentation tests. Degradation of the composite bend properties due to neutron irradiation was observed. The hardness increased after neutron irradiation for both the SiC-matrix and the Hi-Nicalon fiber. There was almost no change in the elastic modulus of the SiC-matrix, but there was an increase in the modulus of the Hi-Nicalon fiber after neutron irradiation. He pre-implantation had almost a negligible effect on the mechanical properties of the composite specimen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - HELIUM ions
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - MATERIALS -- Testing
KW  - HARDNESS
N1  - Accession Number: 14110005; Nogami, Shuhei 1; Email Address: sngm@gm.hrl.hitachi.co.jp Hasegawa, Akira 1; Email Address: akira.hasegawa@qse.tohoku.ac.jp Snead, Lance L. 2; Email Address: sneadll@ornl.gov Jones, Russell H. 3; Email Address: rh.jones@pnl.gov Abe, Katsunori 1; Email Address: katsunori.abe@qse.tohoku.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, 01 Aramaki-aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 6138, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p577; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: HELIUM ions; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Testing; Subject Term: HARDNESS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.121
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110005&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
AU  - Nozawa, T.
AU  - Sato, M.
T1  - SiC/SiC composites through transient eutectic-phase route for fusion applications
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 587
EP  - 591
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Factors that may limit attractiveness of silicon-carbide-based ceramic composites to fusion applications include thermal conductivity, applicable design stress, chemical compatibility, hermeticity, radiation stability and fabrication cost. A novel SiC/SiC composite, which has recently been developed through nano-infiltration and transient eutectic-phase (NITE) processing route, surpasses conventional materials in many of these properties. In this paper, the latest development, property evaluation and prospect of the NITE SiC/SiC composites are briefly reviewed. The topics range from fundamental aspects of process development to industrial process development. Elevated temperature strength, fracture behavior, and thermo-physical properties in various environments are summarized. Future directions of materials and application technology development are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - TRANSIENTS (Dynamics)
KW  - EUTECTICS
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - THERMAL conductivity
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MICROFABRICATION
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14110007; Katoh, Y. 1,2; Email Address: katohy@ornl.gov Kohyama, A. 2 Nozawa, T. 2 Sato, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6138, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA  2: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  3: Ube Industries, Ltd., Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8633, Japan; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p587; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: TRANSIENTS (Dynamics); Subject Term: EUTECTICS; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: THERMAL conductivity; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MICROFABRICATION; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.157
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110007&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sha, J.J.
AU  - Nozawa, T.
AU  - Park, J.S.
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
T1  - Effect of heat treatment on the tensile strength and creep resistance of advanced SiC fibers
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 592
EP  - 596
SN  - 00223115
AB  - SiC-based fibers, Hi-Niclaon™, Hi-Nicalon™ type S and Tyranno™-SA, were heat treated at 1300–1900 °C in Ar for 1 h. After heat treatment, room temperature tensile strength and 1-h bend stress relaxation (BSR) at 1400 °C in Ar were evaluated for these fibers. As a result, excellent strength retention was exhibited after heat treatment at temperature up to 1780 °C for the Hi-Nicalon™ type S fiber and up to 1900 °C for the Tyranno™-SA fiber. In contrast, relatively low strength retention was observed for Hi-Nicalon™ fiber heat-treated above 1600 °C. Creep resistance of the as-received fibers was improved by high-temperature heat treatments, especially at temperatures above the fiber''s processing temperature. The microstructure analysis by means of X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that properties of SiC fibers at elevated temperatures are controlled by crystallite size as well as by other factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT treatment
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - STRESS relaxation (Mechanics)
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14110008; Sha, J.J. 1; Email Address: shajianj@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp Nozawa, T. 2 Park, J.S. 2 Katoh, Y. 2,3 Kohyama, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  2: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p592; Subject Term: HEAT treatment; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: STRESS relaxation (Mechanics); Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.123
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110008&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balachov, Iouri I.
AU  - Shcherbakov, E.N.
AU  - Kozlov, A.V.
AU  - Portnykh, I.A.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
T1  - Influence of radiation-induced voids and bubbles on physical properties of austenitic structural alloys
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 617
EP  - 620
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Void swelling in austenitic stainless steels induces significant changes in their electrical resistivity and elastic moduli, as demonstrated in this study using a Russian stainless steel irradiated as fuel pin cladding in BN-600. Precipitation induced by irradiation also causes second-order changes in these properties, but can dominate the measurement for small swelling levels. When cavities are full of helium as expected under some fusion irradiation conditions, additional second-order changes are expected but they will be small enough to exclude from the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUBBLE dynamics
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - AUSTENITIC stainless steel
KW  - STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering)
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
KW  - METAL cladding
N1  - Accession Number: 14110013; Balachov, Iouri I. 1 Shcherbakov, E.N. 2 Kozlov, A.V. 2 Portnykh, I.A. 2 Garner, F.A. 3; Email Address: frank.garner@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94205, USA  2: FSUE Institute of Nuclear Materials, Zarechney 624250, Russia  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Materials Resources Department, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, M/S P8-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p617; Subject Term: BUBBLE dynamics; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: AUSTENITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: METAL cladding; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.343
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110013&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budylkin, N.I.
AU  - Bulanova, T.M.
AU  - Mironova, E.G.
AU  - Mitrofanova, N.M.
AU  - Porollo, S.I.
AU  - Chernov, V.M.
AU  - Shamardin, V.K.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
T1  - The strong influence of displacement rate on void swelling in variants of Fe–16Cr–15Ni–3Mo austenitic stainless steel irradiated in BN-350 and BOR-60
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 621
EP  - 624
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Recent irradiation experiments conducted on a variety of austenitic stainless steels have shown that void swelling appears to be increased when the dpa rate is decreased, primarily by a shortening of the transient regime of swelling. This paper presents results derived from nominally similar irradiations conducted on six Russian steels, all laboratory heat variants of Fe–16Cr–15Ni–3Mo–Nb–B, with each irradiated in two fast reactors, BOR-60 and BN-350. The BN-350 irradiation proceeded at a dpa rate three times higher than that conducted in BOR-60. In all six steels, a significantly higher swelling level was attained in BOR-60, agreeing with the results of earlier studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DUPLEX stainless steel
KW  - AUSTENITIC stainless steel
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - TRANSIENTS (Dynamics)
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - FAST reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 14110014; Budylkin, N.I. 1 Bulanova, T.M. 2 Mironova, E.G. 1 Mitrofanova, N.M. 1 Porollo, S.I. 3 Chernov, V.M. 1 Shamardin, V.K. 2 Garner, F.A. 4; Email Address: frank.garner@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Federal State Enterprise, All Russia Scientific Research Institute of Non-Organic Materials after Academician A. A. Bochvar, Moscow, Russia  2: State Scientific Centre of Russian Federation, Research Institute of Atomic Reactors, Dimitrovgrad, Russia  3: State Scientific Research Centre of Russian Federation, Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia  4: Materials Resources Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, P8-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p621; Subject Term: DUPLEX stainless steel; Subject Term: AUSTENITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: TRANSIENTS (Dynamics); Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: FAST reactors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.344
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maksimkin, O.P.
AU  - Tsai, K.V.
AU  - Turubarova, L.G.
AU  - Doronina, T.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
T1  - Characterization of 08Cr16Ni11Mo3 stainless steel irradiated in the BN-350 reactor
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
EP  - 629
SN  - 00223115
AB  - In several recently published studies conducted on a Soviet analog of AISI 321 stainless steel irradiated in either fast reactors or light water reactors, it was shown that the void swelling phenomenon extended to temperatures as low as ∼300° C, when produced by neutron irradiation at dpa rates in the range 10-7 to 10-8 dpa/s. Other studies yielded similar results for AISI 316. In the current study a blanket duct assembly from BN-350, constructed from the Soviet analog of AISI 316, also exhibits swelling at dpa rates on the order of 10-8 dpa/s, with voids seen as low as 281 °C and only 1.3 dpa. It appears that low-temperature swelling at low dpa rates occurs in 300 series stainless steels in general, and during irradiations conducted in either fast or mixed spectrum reactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DUPLEX stainless steel
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - FAST reactors
KW  - LIGHT water reactors
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - STAINLESS steel
N1  - Accession Number: 14110015; Maksimkin, O.P. 1 Tsai, K.V. 1 Turubarova, L.G. 1 Doronina, T. 1 Garner, F.A. 2; Email Address: frank.garner@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty, Kazakhstan  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department of Materials Resources, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P8-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p625; Subject Term: DUPLEX stainless steel; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: FAST reactors; Subject Term: LIGHT water reactors; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.102
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110015&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Katsura, R.
AU  - Morisawa, J.
AU  - Kawano, S.
AU  - Oliver, B.M.
T1  - Post-irradiation annealing effect on helium diffusivity in austenitic stainless steels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 668
EP  - 672
SN  - 00223115
AB  - As an experimental basis for helium induced weld cracking of neutron irradiated austenitic stainless steels, helium diffusivity has been evaluated by measuring helium release at high temperature. Isochronal and isothermal experiments were performed at temperatures between 700 and 1300 °C for 304 and 316L stainless steels. In 1 h isochronal experiments, helium was released beginning at ∼900 °C and reaching almost 100% at 1300 °C. No apparent differences in helium release were observed between the two stainless steel types. At temperatures between 900 and 1300 °C, the diffusion rate was calculated from the time dependence of the helium release rate to be: <f>D0=4.91</f> cm2/s, <f>E=289</f> kJ/mol. The observed activation energy suggests that the release of helium from the steels is associated with the removal of helium from helium bubbles and/or from vacancy diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - AUSTENITIC stainless steel
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14110026; Katsura, R. 1; Email Address: katsura@nfd.co.jp Morisawa, J. 2 Kawano, S. 3 Oliver, B.M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Nippon Nuclear Fuel Development Co., Ltd., Oarai-machi, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan  2: Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi 317-8511, Japan  3: Power & Industrial Systems R&D Center, Toshiba Corporation, Yokohama 235-8523, Japan  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p668; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: AUSTENITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.093
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110026&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Renk, T.J.
AU  - Tanaka, T.J.
AU  - Olson, C.L.
AU  - Peterson, R.R.
AU  - Knowles, T.R.
T1  - Laser inertial fusion dry-wall materials response to pulsed ions at power-plant level fluences
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 726
EP  - 731
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Pulses of MeV-level ions with fluences of up to 20 J/cm2 can be expected to impinge on the first-wall of future laser-driven Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) power plants. To simulate the effect of these ions, we have exposed candidate dry-wall materials to ion pulses from RHEPP-1, located at Sandia National Laboratories. Various forms of tungsten and tungsten alloy were exposed to up to 1000 pulses, with some samples heated to 600 °C. Thresholds for roughening and material removal, and evolution of surface morphology were measured and compared with code predictions for materials response. Tungsten is observed to undergo surface roughening and subsurface crack formation that evolves over hundreds of pulses, and which can occur both below and above the melt threshold. Heating and Re-alloying mitigate, but do not eliminate, these apparently thermomechanically-caused effects. Use of a 3-D geometry, and/or use of the tungsten in thin-film form may offer improved survivability compared to bulk tungsten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - PREDICTION models
KW  - METALS -- Thermomechanical properties
KW  - SANDIA National Laboratories
N1  - Accession Number: 14110040; Renk, T.J. 1; Email Address: tjrenk@sandia.gov Tanaka, T.J. 1 Olson, C.L. 1 Peterson, R.R. 2 Knowles, T.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1193, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1193, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM, USA  3: Energy Science Laboratories, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p726; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: POWER plants; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: PREDICTION models; Subject Term: METALS -- Thermomechanical properties; Company/Entity: SANDIA National Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.301
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110040&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bekris, N.
AU  - Skinner, C.H.
AU  - Berndt, U.
AU  - Gentile, C.A.
AU  - Glugla, M.
AU  - Erbe, A.
AU  - Pilz, W.
T1  - Assessment of the heating technique as a possible ex situ detritiation method for carbon wall materials from fusion machines
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 814
EP  - 819
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Detritiation by heat treatment of graphite or carbon fibre composite (CFC) tiles retrieved from the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) was assessed using the standard and well proved technique of full combustion combined with liquid scintillation analysis. Complete carbon tiles were heated in a oven to 500 °C in air for one hour at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) and sent to Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe (TLK) for surface and depth profile analysis. Coring/full combustion technique performed on the treated and untreated tiles, both graphite and CFC, has shown that only the tritium held close to the surface (few tens μm) is efficiently released by baking in air while the bulk tritium is almost unaffected. Therefore, baking the tile under air, even at 500 °C, does not detritiate the bulk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEATING
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - FIBROUS composites
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - LIQUID scintillators
N1  - Accession Number: 14110058; Bekris, N. 1; Email Address: nicolas.bekris@hvt.fzk.de Skinner, C.H. 2 Berndt, U. 1 Gentile, C.A. 2 Glugla, M. 1 Erbe, A. 3 Pilz, W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Tritium Laboratory, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  3: Hot-Cells, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany  4: Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, P.O. Box 51 01 19, D-01314 Dresden, Germany; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p814; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: FIBROUS composites; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: LIQUID scintillators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.158
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110058&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barabash, V.
AU  - Snead, L.L.
T1  - Modified formula for the assessment of the thermal response of neutron irradiated CFC
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 860
EP  - 864
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The available thermal conductivity data for various neutron-irradiated 2–3 dimensional carbon fibre composite materials have been collected and have been critically reviewed with respect to possible application in the ITER divertor. The empirical correlations are proposed that match the thermal conductivity data and allow interpolate or extrapolate of the behaviour in the wide temperature (∼150–3000 °C) and fluence (0–0.1 dpa) ranges of interest for ITER. These include the correlations for materials with `high'' (≳200 W/m K) initial thermal conductivity and for materials with moderate (∼100 W/m K) thermal conductivity. Using the proposed formula the thermal performance of CFC armoured ITER divertor is assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - THERMAL conductivity
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - FIBROUS composites
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
N1  - Accession Number: 14110068; Barabash, V. 1; Email Address: barabav@itereu.de Snead, L.L. 2; Affiliation:  1: ITER, International Team, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6376, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p860; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: THERMAL conductivity; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: FIBROUS composites; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.215
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110068&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Meimei
AU  - Singh, B.N.
AU  - Stubbins, J.F.
T1  - Room temperature creep–fatigue response of selected copper alloys for high heat flux applications
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 865
EP  - 869
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Two copper alloys, dispersion-strengthened CuAl25 and precipitation-hardened CuCrZr, were examined under fatigue and fatigue with hold time loading conditions. Tests were carried out at room temperature and hold times were imposed at maximum tensile and maximum compressive strains. It was found that hold times could be damaging even at room temperature, well below temperatures typically associated with creep. Hold times resulted in shorter fatigue lives in the high cycle fatigue, long life regime (i.e., at low strain amplitudes) than those of materials tested under the same conditions without hold times. The influence of hold times on fatigue life in the low cycle fatigue, short life regime (i.e., at high strain amplitudes) was minimal. When hold time effects were observed, fatigue lives were reduced with hold times as short as two seconds. Appreciable stress relaxation was observed during the hold period at all applied strain levels in both tension and compression. In all cases, stresses relaxed quickly within the first few seconds of the hold period and much more gradually thereafter. The CuAl25 alloy showed a larger effect of hold time on reduction of high cycle fatigue life than did the CuCrZr alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Creep
KW  - METALS -- Fatigue
KW  - COPPER alloys
KW  - HEAT flux
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
KW  - STRENGTHENING mechanisms in solids
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Compression testing
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
N1  - Accession Number: 14110069; Li, Meimei 1,2 Singh, B.N. 3 Stubbins, J.F. 1; Email Address: jstubbin@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 214 Nuclear Engineering Laboratory, 103 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-2984, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Materials Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p865; Subject Term: METALS -- Creep; Subject Term: METALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: COPPER alloys; Subject Term: HEAT flux; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: STRENGTHENING mechanisms in solids; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Compression testing; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.278
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110069&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sugiyama, K.
AU  - Tanabe, T.
AU  - Miyasaka, K.
AU  - Masaki, K.
AU  - Tobita, K.
AU  - Miya, N.
AU  - Philipps, V.
AU  - Rubel, M.
AU  - Skinner, C.H.
AU  - Gentile, C.A.
AU  - Saze, T.
AU  - Nishizawa, K.
T1  - Tritium profile in plasma-facing components following D–D operation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 874
EP  - 879
SN  - 00223115
AB  - We have investigated the tritium depth profile near the surface of the limiter/divertor tiles used in the deuterium fueled machines, such as TEXTOR, TFTR and JT-60U by means of the imaging plate technique and a tritium survey monitor. Tritium depth profiles near the surface of the sample tiles were estimated by comparing the experimental results to a calculation using a 3-D Monte-Carlo code. In every sample tile, there was little tritium in the range from the surface to 1 μm depth. In contrast, tritium density tended to increase beyond 1 μm depth. These results indicate that the tritium retained near the surface was easily removed by isotope exchange with a deuterium plasma or various other tritium removal operations. On the other hand, such operations did not remove tritium retained beyond 1 μm depth, and this could be a potential issue in a next D–T machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - LIMITER circuits
KW  - PLATES (Engineering)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14110071; Sugiyama, K. 1; Email Address: h022413m@mbox.nagoya-u.ac.jp Tanabe, T. 1 Miyasaka, K. 1 Masaki, K. 2 Tobita, K. 2 Miya, N. 2 Philipps, V. 3 Rubel, M. 4 Skinner, C.H. 5 Gentile, C.A. 5 Saze, T. 6 Nishizawa, K. 6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan  2: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka Fusion Facilities, Naka-machi, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan  3: Institute of Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Association, EURATOM, Trilaterial Euregio Cluster, 52425 Jülich, Germany  4: Alfvén Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, Association EURATOM-VR, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden  5: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  6: Radioisotope Center, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p874; Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: LIMITER circuits; Subject Term: PLATES (Engineering); Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332313 Plate Work Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.345
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110071&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pınar, Ali
AU  - Aykanat, Cevdet
T1  - Fast optimal load balancing algorithms for 1D partitioning
JO  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
JF  - Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 64
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 974
EP  - 996
SN  - 07437315
AB  - The one-dimensional decomposition of nonuniform workload arrays with optimal load balancing is investigated. The problem has been studied in the literature as the “chains-on-chains partitioning” problem. Despite the rich literature on exact algorithms, heuristics are still used in parallel computing community with the “hope” of good decompositions and the “myth” of exact algorithms being hard to implement and not runtime efficient. We show that exact algorithms yield significant improvements in load balance over heuristics with negligible overhead. Detailed pseudocodes of the proposed algorithms are provided for reproducibility. We start with a literature review and propose improvements and efficient implementation tips for these algorithms. We also introduce novel algorithms that are asymptotically and runtime efficient. Our experiments on sparse matrix and direct volume rendering datasets verify that balance can be significantly improved by using exact algorithms. The proposed exact algorithms are 100 times faster than a single sparse-matrix vector multiplication for 64-way decompositions on the average. We conclude that exact algorithms with proposed efficient implementations can effectively replace heuristics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Parallel & Distributed Computing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTERS -- Workload
KW  - PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers)
KW  - HEURISTIC
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - Chains-on-chains partitioning
KW  - Dynamic programming
KW  - Image-space parallel volume rendering
KW  - Iterative refinement
KW  - One-dimensional partitioning
KW  - Optimal load balancing
KW  - Parallel sparse matrix vector multiplication
KW  - Parametric search
N1  - Accession Number: 14037590; Pınar, Ali 1; Email Address: apinar@lbl.gov Aykanat, Cevdet 2; Email Address: aykanat@cs.bilkent.edu.tr; Affiliation:  1: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA  2: Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara 06533, Turkey; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 64 Issue 8, p974; Subject Term: COMPUTERS -- Workload; Subject Term: PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers); Subject Term: HEURISTIC; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chains-on-chains partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image-space parallel volume rendering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iterative refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: One-dimensional partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimal load balancing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel sparse matrix vector multiplication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parametric search; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.05.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14037590&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, G.
AU  - De, J.
AU  - Schoeniger, J.S.
AU  - Roe, D.C.
AU  - Carbonell, R.G.
T1  - A hexamer peptide ligand that binds selectively to staphylococcal enterotoxin B: isolation from a solid phase combinatorial library.
JO  - Journal of Peptide Research
JF  - Journal of Peptide Research
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 64
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 64
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 1397002X
AB  - By screening a solid-phase combinatorial peptide library, a short peptide ligand, YYWLHH, has been discovered that binds with high affinity and selectivity to staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), but only weakly to other SEs that share sequence and structural homology with SEB. Using column affinity chromatography with an immobilized YYWLHH stationary phase, it was possible to separate SEB quantitatively from Staphylococcus aureus fermentation broth, a complex mixture of proteins, carbohydrates and other biomolecules. The immobilized peptide was also used to purify native SEB from a mixture containing denatured and hydrolyzed SEB, and showed little cross-reactivity with other SEs. To our knowledge this is the first report of a highly specific short peptide ligand for SEB. Such a ligand is a potential candidate to replace antibodies for detection, removal and purification strategies for SEB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Peptide Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - ENTEROTOXINS
KW  - STAPHYLOCOCCAL diseases
KW  - COMBINATORIAL chemistry
KW  - SOLID-phase biochemistry
KW  - affinity adsorption
KW  - combinatorial peptide library
KW  - peptide ligands
N1  - Accession Number: 13749035; Wang, G. 1 De, J. 1 Schoeniger, J.S. 2 Roe, D.C. 2 Carbonell, R.G. 1; Email Address: ruben@ncsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, North Carolina State University, 1017 Main Campus Drive, Centennial Campus, Partner's Building I, Suite 3200, Box 7006, Raleigh, NC 27695-7006, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-9951, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 64 Issue 2, p51; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: ENTEROTOXINS; Subject Term: STAPHYLOCOCCAL diseases; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL chemistry; Subject Term: SOLID-phase biochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: affinity adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: combinatorial peptide library; Author-Supplied Keyword: peptide ligands; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1399-3011.2004.00170.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13749035&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moridis, George J.
AU  - Collett, Timothy S.
AU  - Dallimore, Scott R.
AU  - Satoh, Tohru
AU  - Hancock, Steven
AU  - Weatherill, Brian
T1  - Numerical studies of gas production from several CH4 hydrate zones at the Mallik site, Mackenzie Delta, Canada
JO  - Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 43
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 238
SN  - 09204105
AB  - The Mallik site represents an onshore permafrost-associated gas hydrate accumulation in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. A gas hydrate research well was drilled at the site in 1998. The objective of this study is the analysis of various gas production scenarios from five methane hydrate-bearing zones at the Mallik site. In Zone #1, numerical simulations using the EOSHYDR2 model indicated that gas production from hydrates at the Mallik site was possible by depressurizing a thin free gas zone at the base of the hydrate stability field. Horizontal wells appeared to have a slight advantage over vertical wells, while multiwell systems involving a combination of depressurization and thermal stimulation offered superior performance, especially when a hot noncondensible gas was injected. Zone #2, which involved a gas hydrate layer with an underlying aquifer, could yield significant amounts of gas originating entirely from gas hydrates, the volumes of which increased with the production rate. However, large amounts of water were also produced. Zones #3, #4 and #5 were lithologically isolated gas hydrate-bearing deposits with no underlying zones of mobile gas or water. In these zones, thermal stimulation by circulating hot water in the well was used to induce dissociation. Sensitivity studies indicated that the methane release from the hydrate accumulations increased with the gas hydrate saturation, the initial formation temperature, the temperature of the circulating water in the well, and the formation thermal conductivity. Methane production appears to be less sensitive to the specific heat of the rock and of the hydrate, and to the permeability of the formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - BIOGAS
KW  - WELLS
KW  - Depressurization
KW  - Gas hydrates
KW  - Hydrate dissociation
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Thermal stimulation
N1  - Accession Number: 14035224; Moridis, George J. 1; Email Address: gjmoridis@lbl.gov Collett, Timothy S. 2 Dallimore, Scott R. 3 Satoh, Tohru 4 Hancock, Steven 5 Weatherill, Brian 5; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: United States Geological Survey, Denver, CO 80225-0046, USA  3: Geological Survey of Canada, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada V8L 4B2  4: Japan National Oil Corporation, Chiba 261-0025, Japan  5: Adams Pearson Associates Inc., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 3T6; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 43 Issue 3/4, p219; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: BIOGAS; Subject Term: WELLS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depressurization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas hydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrate dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal stimulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.petrol.2004.02.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14035224&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin
AU  - R. B.
AU  - Qu
AU  - L.
AU  - Lin
AU  - Y.
AU  - Harruff
AU  - B. A.
AU  - Bunker
AU  - C. E.
AU  - Gord
AU  - J. R.
AU  - Allard
AU  - L. F.
AU  - Sun
AU  - Y.-P.
T1  - Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes with Tethered Pyrenes:  Synthesis and Photophysical Properties.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 108
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 11447
EP  - 11453
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Single-walled (SWNTs) and multiple-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were functionalized with dendra of tethered pyrene species, where the tether length was varied. These functionalized carbon nanotube samples are soluble in common organic solvents, making it possible to characterize the samples and to investigate and compare the photophysical properties of the tethered pyrene moieties in homogeneous solution. In general, the pyrene monomer excited state is significantly quenched by two competing processes of “intramolecular” excimer formation and energy transfer to the nanotube. The excimer formation is dynamic in nature, and the excimer emission is also quenched by the energy transfer, contributing to the overall low fluorescence quantum yields and rapid fluorescence decays. There are effects of the tether length on photoexcited-state properties of the pyrene species according to a comparison of the results obtained in solution vs in solid-state polymer matrix. The structurally more flexible environment for the pyrene moiety associated with a longer tether is more favorable to the excimer formation and less favorable to the excited-state energy transfer. The mechanistic implication of the results and potential applications of such materials are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - PYRENE (Chemical)
KW  - SOLVENTS
N1  - Accession Number: 14646200; Martin R. B. 1 Qu L. 1 Lin Y. 1 Harruff B. A. 1 Bunker C. E. 1 Gord J. R. 1 Allard L. F. 1 Sun Y.-P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate, WPAFB, Ohio 45433-7103, and High-Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6062; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 31, p11447; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: PYRENE (Chemical); Subject Term: SOLVENTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim
AU  - T.-W.
AU  - Ryoo
AU  - R.
AU  - Kruk
AU  - M.
AU  - Gierszal
AU  - K. P.
AU  - Jaroniec
AU  - Kamiya
AU  - S.
AU  - Terasaki
AU  - O.
T1  - Tailoring the Pore Structure of SBA-16 Silica Molecular Sieve through the Use of Copolymer Blends and Control of Synthesis Temperature and Time.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 108
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 11480
EP  - 11489
SN  - 15206106
AB  - SBA-16 mesoporous silicas with cubic Im3m structure were synthesized using Pluronic F127 poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer (EO106PO70EO106) and its blends with Pluronic P123 triblock copolymer (EO20PO70EO20) as supramolecular templates. The resulting materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and argon and nitrogen adsorption. Selected samples were also modified with series of organosilanes of gradually increasing sizes and the accessibility of the pore structure after the modification was assessed using argon adsorption, which allowed us to determine the diameter of entrances to the ordered mesopores. It was shown that the pore cage diameter in SBA-16 can be enlarged in a wide range not only by increasing the synthesis temperature and time, as previously known, but also by increasing the content of P123 copolymer in the polymer mixture. These three ways allowed us to synthesize SBA-16 with nominal mesopore diameters from ~4.5 to 9 nm. Even more importantly, they were also suitable for the tailoring of the pore entrance diameter from ~1 to at least 6 nm, although in this case, the effect of the copolymer mixture composition on the entrance size was relatively small. In the case of SBA-16 samples synthesized at low temperatures or short hydrothermal treatment times, there was evidence that the pore entrance size was as low as 0.4-0.7 nm, as argon atoms were capable of entering the pore structure, but trimethylchlorosilane appeared to be largely excluded from it. By varying the synthesis temperature, time, and template composition, SBA-16 samples with essentially the same mesopore cage diameter and with largely different pore entrance sizes were synthesized. The present work is a step forward in the synthesis of a mesoporous molecular sieve with independently tailored mesopore diameter and entrance size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SILICA
KW  - MOLECULAR sieves
N1  - Accession Number: 14646204; Kim T.-W. 1 Ryoo R. 1 Kruk M. 1 Gierszal K. P. 1 Jaroniec Kamiya S. 1 Terasaki O. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Creative Research Initiative Center for Functional Nanomaterials, and Department of Chemistry (School of Molecular Science-BK21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science and Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 31, p11480; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: MOLECULAR sieves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - Z.
AU  - Tait
AU  - K.
AU  - Zhao
AU  - Y.
AU  - Schiferl
AU  - D.
AU  - Zha
AU  - C.
AU  - Uchida
AU  - H.
AU  - Downs
AU  - R. T.
T1  - Size-Induced Reduction of Transition Pressure and Enhancement of Bulk Modulus of AlN Nanocrystals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 108
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 11506
EP  - 11508
SN  - 15206106
AB  - An in situ X-ray-diffraction study of AlN nanocrystals under hydrostatic (or quasihydrostatic) conditions was performed to pressures of 36.9 GPa, using an energy dispersive synchrotron-radiation technique in a diamond-anvil cell (DAC). Hexagonal AlN nanocrystals have a particle size of 10 nm on average, and display an apparent volumetric expansion as compared to the bulk AlN polycrystals. Upon compression to 14.5 GPa, AlN nanocrystals start to transform to a rocksalt structure phase. This pressure is significantly lower than the transition pressure of 22.9 GPa observed from the bulk AlN by using the same technique. The nanosized wurtzite phase has a bulk modulus (B0) of 321 ± 19 GPa, larger than that of the bulk AlN crystals with a B0 of 208 GPa. There is a large volumetric decrease of 20.5% upon the wurtzite-to-rocksalt phase transformation. Combination of the size-induced volumetric expansion and resulting softening of the Poisson ratio and shear modulus may explain the reduction of transition pressure in this type of nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14646207; Wang Z. 1 Tait K. 1 Zhao Y. 1 Schiferl D. 1 Zha C. 1 Uchida H. 1 Downs R. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 31, p11506; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim
AU  - J.
AU  - Dohnalek
AU  - Z.
AU  - White
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Kay
AU  - B. D.
T1  - Reactive Growth of Nanoscale MgO Films by Mg Atom Deposition onto O2 Multilayers.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 108
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 11666
EP  - 11671
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Nanometer thick layers of Mg metal vapor deposited onto a polycrystalline gold substrate at 22 K with and without O2 multilayers were examined after annealing. Auger electron spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption of N2 were used to determine the Mg oxidation state and the surface area of the deposits immediately after deposition at 22 K, and following annealing. Deposited on 20 layers of O2, Mg oxidizes and forms an MgO film having a high surface area (~700 m2/g). The surface area decreases upon annealing, approaching that of a well-ordered MgO(100) surface by 500 K. On thinner O2 multilayers, both oxidized and metallic Mg are observed at 22 K. Mild thermal annealing (200-400 K) results in transport of the excess metallic Mg to, and alloy formation with, the underlying Au substrate. MgO films annealed to 1000 K display a narrow distribution of N2 binding sites, similar to well-ordered MgO(100). The film sublimes above 1000 K when heated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 14646230; Kim J. 1 Dohnalek Z. 1 White J. M. 1 Kay B. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Chemical Sciences Division, Richland, Washington 99352, and Center for Materials Chemistry, Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 31, p11666; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gatica
AU  - S. M.
AU  - Johnson
AU  - J. K.
AU  - Zhao
AU  - X. C.
AU  - Cole
AU  - M. W.
T1  - Wetting Transition of Water on Graphite and Other Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 108
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 11704
EP  - 11708
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A wetting transition occurs when the contact angle of a liquid drop on a surface changes from a nonzero value to zero. Such a transition has never been observed for water on any solid surface. This paper discusses the value of the temperature Tw at which the transition should occur for water on graphite. A simple model, previously used for nonpolar fluids, predicts the value of Tw as a function of the well depth D of the adsorption potential. While D is not well known for the case of water/graphite, the model implies that Tw is likely to fall in the range 350-500 K. Experimental search for this transition is warranted. Water-wetting transition temperatures on other surfaces are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - WETTING
KW  - WATER
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14646235; Gatica S. M. 1 Johnson J. K. 1 Zhao X. C. 1 Cole M. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, and National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, P O Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 31, p11704; Subject Term: WETTING; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Konovalova
AU  - T. A.
AU  - Kispert
AU  - L. D.
AU  - van Tol
AU  - J.
AU  - Brunel
AU  - L.-C.
T1  - Multifrequency High-Field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Characterization of the Peroxyl Radical Location in Horse Heart Myoglobin Oxidized by H2O2.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 108
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 11820
EP  - 11826
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The peroxyl radical location in horse heart myoglobin (Mb) oxidized with H2O2 was examined by 9-287 GHz electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy along with the radicals formed upon oxidation of tyrosine (Tyr), tryptophan (Trp), and histidine (His) individual amino acids. X-ray crystallography of the horse heart Mb has revealed that Tyr103, Tyr146, Trp14, and His64 residues are in the vicinity of the Mb heme group and thus could be implicated in Mb oxidation. The 9 GHz axial EPR signal of the Mb peroxyl radical (g|| = 2.040 ± 0.003 and g⊥ = 2.001 ± 0.001) is nearly identical with those of the radicals produced by irradiation of the individual amino acids in the presence of H2O2 (77 K). The 95-287 GHz measurements were sufficient to resolve the individual g tensor components of the Mb, Tyr, Trp, and His peroxyl radicals which cannot be distinguished at 9-35 GHz. The high-field EPR spectra of the Mb peroxyl radical were simulated using a Hamiltonian that describes the exchange and dipolar interaction between an oxoferryl iron and a protein radical. The exchange-coupled oxoferryl-protein radical pair could be best fitted with g values of gX = 2.0356, gY = 2.0083, and gZ = 2.0024 for the radical, a dipolar coupling corresponding to a distance of 8.3 Å between the radical and the oxoferryl iron, and an exchange coupling (J) of 0.476 GHz. The determined g tensor and the distance related to the Tyr residue at position 146. Tyr146 is assumed to be the most likely candidate for the peroxyl radical location in oxidized Mb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 14646248; Konovalova T. A. 1 Kispert L. D. 1 van Tol J. 1 Brunel L.-C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Box 870336, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, and Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 31, p11820; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kirmaier
AU  - C.
AU  - Laible
AU  - P. D.
AU  - Hanson
AU  - D. K.
AU  - Holten
AU  - D.
T1  - B-Side Electron Transfer To Form P+HB- in Reaction Centers from the F(L181)Y/Y(M208)F Mutant of Rhodobacter capsulatus.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 108
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 11827
EP  - 11832
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The combination of the Phe(L181) → Tyr and Tyr(M208) → Phe amino acid substitutions in reaction centers (RCs) of Rhodobacter capsulatus yields an RC in which charge separation to the B-side bacteriopheophytin (HB) occurs in about 15% yield. This yield is determined from analysis of the relative bleachings of the QX bands of HA and HB at 542 and 527 nm, respectively, and comparison to simulations. These results are presented along with comparison to previous work on this “YF” mutant and other mutant RCs that produce electron transfer to the B-side of the RC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - BLEACHING (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14646249; Kirmaier C. 1 Laible P. D. 1 Hanson D. K. 1 Holten D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, and Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 31, p11827; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: BLEACHING (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gweon, G.-H.
AU  - Zhou, S.Y.
AU  - Lanzara, A.
T1  - Strong influence of phonons on the electron dynamics of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 65
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1397
SN  - 00223697
AB  - The sudden change of the velocity, so-called ‘kink’, of the dispersing peak in angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy is a well-known feature in the high-temperature superconducting cuprates. Currently, the origin of the kink is being much debated, but a consensus has not emerged yet. Here, we present a study of the momentum evolution of the kink structure from the nodal region towards the anti-nodal region, for optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ sample. We show that the observed temperature dependence of the kink structure in both regions of the momentum space is consistent with a scenario in which phonons contribute strongly to the kink. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - Angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - High-temperature superconducting cuprates
KW  - Kink structure
N1  - Accession Number: 13596362; Gweon, G.-H. 1 Zhou, S.Y. 2 Lanzara, A. 2,3; Email Address: alanzara@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 65 Issue 8/9, p1397; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature superconducting cuprates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kink structure; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpcs.2003.12.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiu, Xizangyun
AU  - Billinge, Simon J.L.
AU  - Kmety, Carmen R.
AU  - Mitchell, John F.
T1  - Evidence for nano-scale inhomogeneities in bilayer manganites in the Mn4+ rich region: 0.54≤x≤0.80
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 65
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1423
SN  - 00223697
AB  - The atomic pair distribution function (PDF) technique is employed to probe the atomic local structural responses in naturally double layered manganites La2−2xSr1+2xMn2O7 in the doping range 0.54≤x≤0.80. Our low temperature neutron powder diffraction measurements suggest the coexistence of two different Jahn-Teller (JT) distorted MnO6 octahedra when its ordered magnetic structure crosses over from type A (0.54≤x≤0.66) to type C/C* (0.74≤x≤0.90) ordering. At all doping levels at low temperature the doped holes reside predominantly in the plane of the bilayer. In the type A magnetic ordering regime, the <f>eg</f> electrons appear to be significantly delocalized in the plane resulting in undistorted octahedra, while in type C/C* regime, elongated JT distorted octahedra are apparent. This is consistent with the presence of inhomogeneous coexisting delocalized and localized electronic states. No evidence of macroscopic phase separation has been observed. Such nanoscale inhomogeneities may explain the magnetically frustrated behavior observed in the spin disordered ‘gap’ region <f>(0.66≤x≤0.74).</f> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - INHOMOGENEOUS materials
KW  - MANGANITE
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - A. Oxides
KW  - C. Neutron scattering
KW  - D. Phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 13596366; Qiu, Xizangyun 1 Billinge, Simon J.L. 1; Email Address: billinge@pa.msu.edu Kmety, Carmen R. 2 Mitchell, John F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, Biomedical Physical Sciences, East Lansing, MI 48824-2320, USA  2: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 65 Issue 8/9, p1423; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: INHOMOGENEOUS materials; Subject Term: MANGANITE; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Phase transition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpcs.2003.11.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Doped transition metal oxides: networks of local distortions correlated by elastic fields
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 65
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1449
SN  - 00223697
AB  - We review a perspective of doped transition metal oxides as correlated electron materials governed by functional multiscale complexity. We emphasize several themes: the prevalence of intrinsic complexity realized in the coexistence or competition among broken-symmetry ground states; the origin of landscapes of spatio-temporal patterns in coupled spin, charge and lattice (orbital) degrees-of-freedom; the relevance of co-existing short- and long-range forces; and the importance of multiscale complexity for key materials properties, including multifunctional ‘electro-elastic’ materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metal oxides
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - A. Glasses
KW  - A. Metals
KW  - A. Oxides
KW  - A. Thin films
KW  - D. Fermi surface
N1  - Accession Number: 13596370; Bishop, A.R. 1; Email Address: arb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 65 Issue 8/9, p1449; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal oxides; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: ATOMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Glasses; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Fermi surface; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpcs.2003.07.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pasternak, M.P.
AU  - Xu, W.M.
AU  - Rozenberg, G.Kh.
AU  - Taylor, R.D.
AU  - Jeanloz, R.
T1  - Pressure-induced coordination crossover in magnetite, a high pressure Mo¨ssbauer study
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 65
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1531
SN  - 00223697
AB  - Temperature-dependent 57Fe Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy to 40 GPa shows that Fe3O4 magnetite undergoes a coordination crossover (CC) whereby charge-density is shifted from octahedral to tetrahedral sites and the spinel structure thus changes from inverse to normal with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature. A precursor to the CC is a d-charge decoupling within the octahedral sites at the inverse spinel phase. The CC-transition takes place almost exactly at the Verwey transition temperature (<f>TV=122</f> K) at ambient pressure. While <f>TV</f> decreases with pressure, the CC-transition temperature increases with pressure, reaching 350 K at 10 GPa. The d electron localization mechanism proposed by Verwey and later by Mott for <f>T<TV</f> is shown to be unrelated to the actual mechanism of the metal–insulator transition attributed to the Verwey transition. It is proposed that a first-order phase transition taking place at <f>∼TV</f> at ambient pressure opens a small gap within the oxygen p-band, resulting in the observed insulating state at <f>T>TV.</f> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETITE
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - C. High pressure
KW  - C. Mössbauer spectroscopy
KW  - C. X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13596383; Pasternak, M.P. 1,2; Email Address: hh136@post.tau.ac.il Xu, W.M. 1 Rozenberg, G.Kh. 1 Taylor, R.D. 2 Jeanloz, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel  2: MST-10, MS-K764, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 65 Issue 8/9, p1531; Subject Term: MAGNETITE; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Mössbauer spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpcs.2003.12.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burakovsky, Leonid
AU  - Preston, Dean L.
T1  - Analytic model of the Gru¨neisen parameter all densities
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 65
IS  - 8/9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1581
SN  - 00223697
AB  - We model the density dependence of the Gru¨neisen parameter as <f>γ(ρ)=1/2+γ1/ρ1/3+γ2/ρq,</f> where <f>γ1,γ2,</f> and <f>q>1</f> are constants. This form is based on the assumption that <f>γ</f> is an analytic function of <f>V1/3,</f> and was designed to accurately represent the experimentally determined low-pressure behavior of <f>γ.</f> The numerical values of the constants are obtained for 20 elemental solids. Using the Lindemann criterion with our model for <f>γ,</f> we calculate melting curves for Al, Ar, Cu, Pd, and Pt and compare them to available experimental and theoretical melt data. We also determine the <f>Z</f> (atomic number) dependence of <f>γ1.</f>The high-compression limit of the model is shown to follow from a generalization of the Slater, Dugdale–MacDonald, and Vashchenko–Zubarevforms for the volume dependence of the Gru¨neisen parameter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW pressure (Science)
KW  - GENERALIZATION
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - VALUES (Ethics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13596390; Burakovsky, Leonid; Email Address: dean@lanl.gov Preston, Dean L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical and Applied Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 65 Issue 8/9, p1581; Subject Term: LOW pressure (Science); Subject Term: GENERALIZATION; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: VALUES (Ethics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpcs.2003.10.076
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Jung-Kun
AU  - Yi, Jae Yun
AU  - Hong, Kug Sun
T1  - Structural and electrical properties of <f>(1-x)(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3–xPb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3</f> solid solution
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 177
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2850
EP  - 2854
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Structural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of <f>(1-x)(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3–xPb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3</f> (NBT–xPMN) solid solution have been investigated. An addition of PMN into NBT transformed the structure of sintered samples from rhombohedral to pseudocubic phase where <f>x</f> is larger than 0.1. In calcined powders, however, the intermediate structure were observed between rhombohedral and cubic phases near <f>x=0.1</f>. The formation of solid solution between NBT and PMN modified the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of NBT to be suitable for high temperature dielectric and piezoelectric material. With increasing the content of PMN, the temperature-stability of <f>#x03B5;r(T)</f> increased and the high temperature dielectric loss decreased. In addition, the piezoelectric property of NBT–xPMN was enhanced, for the decrease of coercive field and conductivity promoted the domain reversal under the high electric field of the poling process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - PIEZOELECTRICITY
KW  - Phase transition
KW  - Piezoelectricity
KW  - Sodium bismuth titanate
N1  - Accession Number: 13905778; Lee, Jung-Kun 1; Email Address: jklee@lanl.gov Yi, Jae Yun 2 Hong, Kug Sun 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science & Technology Division, ESA Energy and Process Engineering, MS J580 ESA-EPA, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 177 Issue 8, p2850; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Piezoelectricity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium bismuth titanate; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.04.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oliveira, E.A.
AU  - Guedes, I.
AU  - Ayala, A.P.
AU  - Gesland, J-Y.
AU  - Ellena, J.
AU  - Moreira, R.L.
AU  - Grimsditch, M.
T1  - Crystal structure and vibrational spectrum of the <f>NaCaMg2F7</f> pyrochlore
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 177
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2943
EP  - 2950
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The crystalline structure of <f>NaCaMg2F7</f> was determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes in the cubic pyrochlore structure, i.e., space group <f>Fd&3macr;m</f>, lattice parameter: <f>a=10.2610(5) Å</f> and <f>Z=8</f>. All atoms occupy special crystalline sites, but Na and Ca are randomly distributed in the anti-cristobalite sub-lattice of the pyrochlore structure. The vibrational spectrum was determined by polarized Raman scattering and infrared reflectance. The number of observed Raman and infrared active phonons is larger than that predicted by the factor group analysis of the pyrochlore structure. The anomalous vibrational spectrum is discussed in terms of a disorder-induced symmetry lowering mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - Disorder
KW  - Pyrochlore
KW  - Symmetry lowering
KW  - Vibrational spectrum
N1  - Accession Number: 13905791; Oliveira, E.A. 1 Guedes, I. 1 Ayala, A.P. 1; Email Address: ayala@fisica.ufc.br Gesland, J-Y. 2 Ellena, J. 3 Moreira, R.L. 4 Grimsditch, M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 6030, 60451-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil  2: Université du Maine-Cristallogénèse, UMR 6087, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France  3: Instituto de Física de São Carlos-USP, Caixa Postal 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil  4: Departamento de Física, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 702, 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 177 Issue 8, p2943; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrochlore; Author-Supplied Keyword: Symmetry lowering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrational spectrum; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.04.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norton, Stephen J.
T1  - Iterative algorithms for computing the shape of a hard scattering object: Computing the shape derivative.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 116
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1002
EP  - 1008
SN  - 00014966
AB  - The problem of determining the shape of an acoustically hard scattering object from remote scattering measurements is considered. An iterative approach is used to find the object shape that minimizes the mean-squared difference between a set of actual and predicted scattering observations. A crucial task in this minimization is the computation of the "shape derivative," or functional gradient, of the mean-square error with respect to the object's shape or boundary. The shape derivative tells us how to update the object's shape to reduce the mean-square error at each iteration. If, for example, the object's boundary is parameterized with N variables, a brute-force approach to computing the shape derivative using finite-differences would require a minimum of N+1 forward solutions per iteration. We show how the shape derivative can be computed with just two forward solutions: one ordinary forward solution and a suitably constructed adjoint solution. This approach is independent of N and is not only far more efficient, but numerically less error prone, than finite-difference schemes for computing derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FINITE differences
N1  - Accession Number: 20565475; Norton, Stephen J. 1; Email Address: norton@geophex.com; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 116 Issue 2, p1002; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1771611
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Richard R.
AU  - Martello, Donald V.
AU  - White, Curt M.
AU  - Crist, Kevin C.
AU  - John, Kuruvilla
AU  - Modey, William K.
AU  - Eatough, Delbert J.
T1  - The Regional Nature of PM2.5 Episodes in the Upper Ohio River Valley.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 54
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 0
EP  - 984
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 10962247
AB  - From October 1999 through September 2000, particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≥2.5 µm (PM2.5) mass and composition were measured at the National Energy Technology Laboratory Pittsburgh site, with a particle concentrator Brigham Young University-organic sampling system and a tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) monitor. PM2.5 measurements had also been obtained with TEOM monitors located in the Pittsburgh, PA, area, and at sites in Ohio, including Steubenville, Columbus, and Athens. The PM data from all these sites were analyzed on high PM days; PM2.5 TEOM particulate mass at all sites was generally associated with transitions from locally high barometric pressure to lower pressure. Elevated concentrations occurred with transport of PM from outside the local region in advance of frontal passages as the local pressure decreased. During highpressure periods, concentrations at the study sites were generally low throughout the study region. Further details related to this transport were obtained from surface weather maps and estimated back-trajectories using the hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory model associated with these time periods. These analyses indicated that transport of pollutants to the Pittsburgh site was generally from the west to the southwest. These results suggest that the Ohio River Valley and possible regions beyond act as a significant source of PM and its precursors in the Pittsburgh area and at the other regional sites included in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Microbalances
KW  - Trajectory optimization
KW  - Sampling (Process)
KW  - Ohio River Valley
N1  - Accession Number: 14019359; Anderson, Richard R. 1; Email Address: richard.anderson@netl.doe.gov; Martello, Donald V. 1; White, Curt M. 1; Crist, Kevin C. 2; John, Kuruvilla 3; Modey, William K. 4; Eatough, Delbert J. 4; Affiliations: 1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 2: Institute for Sustainable Energy and the Environment, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio; 3: Department of Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, Texas; 4: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 54 Issue 8, p0; Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Subject Term: Microbalances; Subject Term: Trajectory optimization; Subject Term: Sampling (Process); Subject: Ohio River Valley; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simmer, Steven P.
AU  - Anderson, Michael D.
AU  - Stevenson, Jeffry W.
AU  - Johnson Jr., D. W.
T1  - La(Sr)FeO3 SOFC Cathodes with Marginal Copper Doping.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 87
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 65
EP  - 70
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98Fe0.98Cu0.02O3-δ can be sintered directly onto YSZ (without the need for a protective ceria interlayer). Though subject to an extended ‘burn-in’ period (∼200 h), anode-supported YSZ cells using the Cu-doped LSF achieve power densities ranging from 1.3 to 1.7 W/cm2 at 750°C and 0.7 V. These cells have also demonstrated 500 h of stable performance. The results are somewhat surprising given that XRD indicates an interaction between (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98Fe0.98-Cu0.02O3-δ and YSZ resulting in the formation of strontium zirconate and/or monoclinic zirconia. The amount and type of reaction product was found to be dependent on cathode and electrolyte powder precalcination temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRIC oxide
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - COPPER
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - STRONTIUM
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14190374; Simmer, Steven P. 1,2; Email Address: steven.simmer@pnl.gov Anderson, Michael D. 2 Stevenson, Jeffry W. 1,2 Johnson Jr., D. W.; Affiliation:  1: Member, American Ceramic Society  2: Materials Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 87 Issue 8, p65; Subject Term: FERRIC oxide; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: STRONTIUM; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 11 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Axel Nørlund
AU  - Jensen, Torben R.
AU  - Scarlett, Nicola V. Y.
AU  - Madsen, Ian C.
AU  - Hanson, Jonathan C.
AU  - Jennings, H. M.
T1  - Hydrolysis of Pure and Sodium Substituted Calcium Aluminates and Cement Clinker Components Investigated by in Situ Synchrotron X-ray Powder Diffraction.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 87
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 82
EP  - 87
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - The hydrolysis of pure and sodium-substituted calcium aluminates and cement clinker phases was investigated in situ in the tempeature range 25°–170°C, using the angle dispersive powder synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction technique. The final hydrolysis product in all cases was Ca3Al2(OH)12. The intermediate phase Ca4Al2O7·19H2O was formed from the pure calcium aluminates, and the intermediate phases Ca4Al2O7·H2O, x = 11, 13, or 19, were formed from the cement clinker phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - CALCIUM aluminate
KW  - CEMENT clinkers
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14190392; Christensen, Axel Nørlund 1,2 Jensen, Torben R. 1 Scarlett, Nicola V. Y. 3 Madsen, Ian C. 3 Hanson, Jonathan C. 4 Jennings, H. M.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark  2: Højkolvej 7, DK-8210 Århus V, Denmark  3: CSIRO Minerals, Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia  4: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 87 Issue 8, p82; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: CALCIUM aluminate; Subject Term: CEMENT clinkers; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brennecka, Geoff L.
AU  - Huebner, Wayne
AU  - Tuttle, Bruce A.
AU  - Clem, Paul G.
AU  - Trolier-McKinstry, S. E.
T1  - Use of Stress To Produce Highly Oriented Tetragonal Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT 40/60) Thin Films and Resulting Electrical Properties.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 87
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1459
EP  - 1465
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Thin films of Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 produced by chemical solution deposition were used to study the effects of stress from different platinized single-crystal substrates on film orientation and resulting electrical properties. Films deposited on MgO preferred a (001) orientation due to compressive stress on the film during cooling through the Curie temperature (TC). Films on Al2O3 were under minimal stress at TC, resulting in a mixture of orientations. Those on Si preferred a (111) orientation due to templating from the bottom electrode. Films oriented in the <001> direction demonstrated lower dielectric constants and higher Pr– and -d31 values than (111) films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - THIN films
KW  - COOLING
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - CURIE temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 14190361; Brennecka, Geoff L. 1,2,3 Huebner, Wayne 1,2 Tuttle, Bruce A. 4,5 Clem, Paul G. 1,4 Trolier-McKinstry, S. E.; Affiliation:  1: Member, American Ceramic Society  2: Ceramic Engineering Department, University of Missouri, Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65409  3: Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801  4: Integrated Materials Research Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  5: Fellow, American Ceramic Society; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 87 Issue 8, p1459; Subject Term: TITANATES; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: CURIE temperature; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anitescu, Mihai
AU  - Hart, Gary D.
T1  - A fixed-point iteration approach for multibody dynamics with contact and small friction.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 101
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 32
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - Acceleration–force setups for multi-rigid-body dynamics are known to be inconsistent for some configurations and sufficiently large friction coefficients (a Painleve paradox). This difficulty is circumvented by time-stepping methods using impulse-velocity approaches, which solve complementarity problems with possibly nonconvex solution sets. We show that very simple configurations involving two bodies may have a nonconvex solution set for any nonzero value of the friction coefficient. We construct two fixed-point iteration algorithms that solve convex subproblems and that are guaranteed, for sufficiently small friction coefficients, to retrieve, at a linear convergence rate, the unique velocity solution of the nonconvex linear complementarity problem whenever the frictionless configuration can be disassembled. In addition, we show that one step of one of the iterative algorithms provides an excellent approximation to the velocity solution of the original, possibly nonconvex, problem if for all contacts we have that either the friction coefficient is small or the slip velocity is small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR complementarity problem
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry)
KW  - PAINLEVE equations
KW  - NONCONVEX programming
N1  - Accession Number: 14281820; Anitescu, Mihai 1,2; Email Address: anitescu@math.pitt.edu Hart, Gary D. 1; Email Address: gdhart@pitt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 101 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: LINEAR complementarity problem; Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry); Subject Term: PAINLEVE equations; Subject Term: NONCONVEX programming; Number of Pages: 30p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-004-0535-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferris, Michael C.
AU  - Munson, Todd S.
T1  - Semismooth support vector machines.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 101
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 185
EP  - 204
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - Support vector machines can be posed as quadratic programming problems in a variety of ways. This paper investigates a formulation using the two-norm for the misclassification error that leads to a positive definite quadratic program with a single equality constraint under a duality construction. The quadratic term is a small rank update to a diagonal matrix with positive entries. The optimality conditions of the quadratic program are reformulated as a semismooth system of equations using the Fischer-Burmeister function and a damped Newton method is applied to solve the resulting problem. The algorithm is shown to converge from any starting point with a Q-quadratic rate of convergence. At each iteration, the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury update formula is used to solve the key linear system. Results for a large problem with 60 million observations are presented demonstrating the scalability of the proposed method on a personal computer. Significant computational savings are realized as the inactive variables are identified and exploited during the solution process. Further results on a small problem separated by a nonlinear surface are given showing the gains in performance that can be made from restarting the algorithm as the data evolves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SMOOTHING (Numerical analysis)
KW  - QUADRATIC programming
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - VECTOR valued functions
N1  - Accession Number: 14281811; Ferris, Michael C. 1; Email Address: ferris@cs.wisc.edu Munson, Todd S. 2; Email Address: tmunson@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, 1210 West Dayton Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 101 Issue 1, p185; Subject Term: SMOOTHING (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: QUADRATIC programming; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: VECTOR valued functions; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-004-0541-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, B.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Wu, P.D.
AU  - MacEwen, S.R.
T1  - A dilatational plasticity theory for viscoplastic materials
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 36
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 679
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - The dilatational plasticity theory of [J. Engng. Mater. Tech. 99 (1977) 2] is generalized in this paper for viscoplastic materials. A unit-cell model of a viscoplastic matrix containing a microvoid is adopted to establish the viscoplastic constitutive relations for voided, dilating materials. Approximate analytic constitutive relations are proposed, which not only have the correct asymptotic limits but also agree well with the unit-cell model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics of Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Dilatational plasticity
KW  - Gurson model
KW  - Viscoplastic material
KW  - Void growth
N1  - Accession Number: 12742950; Chen, B. 1 Huang, Y. 1; Email Address: huang9@uiuc.edu Liu, C. 2 Wu, P.D. 3 MacEwen, S.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Alcan International Ltd., P.O. Box 8400, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 5L9; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 36 Issue 8, p679; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dilatational plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gurson model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscoplastic material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Void growth; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mechmat.2002.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, J.Q.
AU  - Chen, H.Y.
AU  - Zhang, H.R.
AU  - Yu, H.C.
AU  - Shi, Y.G.
AU  - Liu, L.B.
AU  - Tian, H.F.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - Tranquada, J.M.
T1  - Structural properties and charge ordered states in RMnO3 (R=La, Pr, Nd, Ca, Sr) and (La, Sr)2NiO4
JO  - Micron
JF  - Micron
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
SN  - 09684328
AB  - Structural distortions arising from the condensations of two essential kinds of phonon modes: the triply degenerate rotational modes <f>(ϕx,ϕy,ϕz)</f> of MnO6 and the doubly degenerate Jahn–Teller active modes (<f>Q1,Q2</f>) have been systematically investigated in the perovskite manganites. Microstructural features associated with certain types of distortions have been observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In RMnO3 and La(Sr)2NiO4, we characterize the local structure, charge ordered states and orbital ordering by means of low-temperature TEM. We present direct evidence that the stripe modulation in La(Sr)2NiO4 is indeed one-dimensional within each NiO2 plane. Several typical kinds of defect structures, including antiphase boundaries and the 90°-twin domains, appear commonly in the charge-ordered states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Micron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Charge ordering
KW  - Charge stripe
KW  - Phase transition
N1  - Accession Number: 12962886; Li, J.Q. 1; Email Address: ljq@ssc.iphy.ac.cn Chen, H.Y. 1 Zhang, H.R. 1 Yu, H.C. 1 Shi, Y.G. 1 Liu, L.B. 1 Tian, H.F. 1 Zhu, Y. 2 Tranquada, J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Beijing Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 35 Issue 6, p419; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge ordering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge stripe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transition; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.micron.2004.01.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, Wenge
AU  - Larson, B.C.
AU  - Tischler, J.Z.
AU  - Ice, G.E.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Liu, W.
T1  - Differential-aperture X-ray structural microscopy: a submicron-resolution three-dimensional probe of local microstructure and strain
JO  - Micron
JF  - Micron
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
SN  - 09684328
AB  - A recently developed differential-aperture X-ray microscopy (DAXM) technique provides local structure and crystallographic orientation with submicron spatial resolution in three-dimensions; it further provides angular precision of ∼0.01° and local elastic strain with an accuracy of ∼1.0×10−4 using microbeams from high brilliance third generation synchrotron X-ray sources. DAXM is a powerful tool for inter- and intra-granular studies of lattice distortions and lattice rotations on mesoscopic length scales of tenths of microns to hundreds of microns that are largely above the range of traditional electron microscopy probes. Nondestructive, point-to-point, spatially resolved measurements of local lattice orientations in bulk materials provide direct information on geometrically necessary dislocation density distributions through measurements of the lattice curvature in plastically deformed materials. This paper reviews the DAXM measurement technique and discusses recent demonstrations of DAXM capabilities for measurements of microtexture, local elastic strain, and plastic deformation microstructure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Micron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Diffraction
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Strain
N1  - Accession Number: 12962888; Yang, Wenge 1; Email Address: yangw@ornl.gov Larson, B.C. 1 Tischler, J.Z. 1 Ice, G.E. 2 Budai, J.D. 1 Liu, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 35 Issue 6, p431; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.micron.2004.02.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiang, Y. Jeffrey
AU  - Sahn-Ho Kim
AU  - Tessarollo, Lino
AU  - Campisi, Judith
AU  - Hodes, Richard J.
T1  - Telomere-Associated Protein TIN2 Is Essential for Early Embryonic Development through a Telomerase-Independent Pathway.
JO  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
JF  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 24
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 6631
EP  - 6634
SN  - 02707306
AB  - TIN2 is a negative regulator of telomere elongation that interacts with telomeric DNA repeat binding factor 1 (TRF1) and affects telomere length by a telomerase-dependent mechanism. Here we show that inactivation of the mouse TRF1-interacting protein 2 (TIN2) gene results in early embryonic lethality. We further observed that the embryonic lethality of TIN2 mutant mice was not affected by inactivation of the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene, indicating that embryonic lethality is not the result of telomerase-dependent changes in telomere length or function. Our findings suggest that TIN2 has a role independent of telomere length regulation that is essential for embryonic development and cell viability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular & Cellular Biology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - EMBRYOS
KW  - DNA
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - REVERSE transcriptase
KW  - DNA polymerases
N1  - Accession Number: 14156746; Chiang, Y. Jeffrey 1; Email Address: chiangj@mail.nih.gov Sahn-Ho Kim 2 Tessarollo, Lino 3 Campisi, Judith 2 Hodes, Richard J. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California 94720  3: Center for Cancer Research, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702  4: National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Maryland 21702; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 24 Issue 15, p6631; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: EMBRYOS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: REVERSE transcriptase; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/MCB24.15.6631-6634.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banerjee
AU  - S.
AU  - Wong
AU  - S. S.
T1  - Demonstration of Diameter-Selective Reactivity in the Sidewall Ozonation of SWNTs by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 4
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1445
EP  - 1450
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Strategies for single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) separation are critical to developing nanotubes as useful nanoscale building blocks. Herein, we demonstrate that solution-phase ozonolysis of SWNTs fosters diameter selectivity in SWNTs. The main conclusion of our work is that in this sidewall addition reaction, smaller diameter tubes react more extensively than larger diameter tubes, which provides experimental validation for theoretical predictions on the role of pyramidalization and π-orbital misalignment in nanotube reactivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE Raman effect
KW  - OZONOLYSIS
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14934506; Banerjee S. 1 Wong S. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, and Materials and Chemical Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 480, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 4 Issue 8, p1445; Subject Term: RESONANCE Raman effect; Subject Term: OZONOLYSIS; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balet
AU  - L. P.
AU  - Ivanov
AU  - S. A.
AU  - Piryatinski
AU  - A.
AU  - Achermann
AU  - M.
AU  - Klimov
AU  - V. I.
T1  - Inverted Core/Shell Nanocrystals Continuously Tunable between Type-I and Type-II Localization Regimes.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 4
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1485
EP  - 1488
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We study inverted core/shell nanocrystals (NCs) in which a core of a wide gap semiconductor (ZnSe) is overcoated with a shell of a semiconductor of a narrower gap (CdSe). By monitoring radiative recombination lifetimes for a series of these NCs with a fixed core radius and progressively increasing shell thickness, we observe a continuous transition from Type-I (both electron and hole wave functions are distributed over the entire NC) to Type-II (electron and hole are spatially separated between the shell and the core) and back to Type-I (both electron and hole primarily reside in the shell) localization regimes. These observations are in good agreement with the calculated dependence of the electron-hole overlap integral on shell thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - HOLES (Electron deficiencies)
N1  - Accession Number: 14934513; Balet L. P. 1 Ivanov S. A. 1 Piryatinski A. 1 Achermann M. 1 Klimov V. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 4 Issue 8, p1485; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: HOLES (Electron deficiencies); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kannan
AU  - B.
AU  - Kulkarni
AU  - R. P.
AU  - Majumdar
AU  - A.
T1  - DNA-Based Programmed Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles on Lithographic Patterns with Extraordinary Specificity.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 4
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1521
EP  - 1524
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We demonstrate the highly specific and programmed assembly of oligonucleotide-conjugated gold nanoparticles on lithographically defined microscale gold patterns. A key feature of our fabrication technique is the use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) groups to form an inert coating on regions of the chip where no nanoparticle assembly is desired. By assembling multiple layers of DNA-conjugated nanoparticles we illustrate the capability of PEG surface coatings to exquisitely direct the nanoparticles onto the lithographic patterns with almost zero nonspecific reaction per square micron. We further suggest that the use of PEG to eliminate nonspecific reaction may be extended to micro- and nanoscale fabrication systems that make use of a variety of different nanostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
KW  - GOLD
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - POLYETHYLENE glycol
N1  - Accession Number: 14934521; Kannan B. 1 Kulkarni R. P. 1 Majumdar A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Option in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 4 Issue 8, p1521; Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE glycol; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Wiley, H. Steven
AU  - Michaels, George S.
T1  - Should software hold data hostage?
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
JF  - Nature Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 22
IS  - 8
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1037
EP  - 1038
SN  - 10870156
AB  - The article comments on the software companies' practice of holding the user's data hostage by locking them into proprietary file and data formats. It comments that such practice violates fundamental principles of data ownership and control and cautions the scientific community against it because the future of data-intensive biology depends on ensuring open data standards and freely exchangeable file formats. Biology being a broad field will increasingly depend on the creation of powerful new software tools. The conflicting interests of commerce with science have created a deadlock. The article suggests solutions for the mutual benefit of both the parties.
KW  - Biology
KW  - Data protection
KW  - Records -- Access control
KW  - Computer software industry
KW  - Scientific community
KW  - Computer software
N1  - Accession Number: 13967236; Wiley, H. Steven 1; Email Address: steven.wiley@pnl.gov; Michaels, George S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Biomolecular Systems Initiative, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 22 Issue 8, p1037; Thesaurus Term: Biology; Subject Term: Data protection; Subject Term: Records -- Access control; Subject Term: Computer software industry; Subject Term: Scientific community; Subject Term: Computer software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1038/nbt0804-1037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qi-Jing Li
AU  - Dinner, Aaron R.
AU  - Shuyan Qi
AU  - Irvine, Darrell J.
AU  - Huppa, Johannes B.
AU  - Davis, Mark M.
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup K.
T1  - CD4 enhances T cell sensitivity to antigen by coordinating Lck accumulation at the immunological synapse.
JO  - Nature Immunology
JF  - Nature Immunology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 5
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 791
EP  - 799
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 15292908
AB  - How T cells respond with extraordinary sensitivity to minute amounts of agonist peptide and major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells bearing large numbers of endogenous pMHC molecules is not understood. Here we present evidence that CD4 affects the responsiveness of T helper cells by controlling spatial localization of the tyrosine kinase Lck in the synapse. This finding, as well as further in silico and in vitro experiments, led us to develop a molecular model in which endogenous and agonist pMHC molecules act cooperatively to amplify T cell receptor signaling. At the same time, activation due to endogenous pMHC molecules alone is inhibited. A key feature is that the binding of agonist pMHC molecules to the T cell receptor results in CD4-mediated spatial localization of Lck, which in turn enables endogenous pMHC molecules to trigger many T cell receptors. We also discuss broader implications for T cell biology, including thymic selection, diversity of the repertoire of self pMHC molecules and serial triggering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Immunology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOLOGY
KW  - CD4 antigen
KW  - T cells
KW  - T cell receptors
KW  - SYNAPSES
KW  - PROTEIN-tyrosine kinase
N1  - Accession Number: 13942168; Qi-Jing Li 1 Dinner, Aaron R. 2 Shuyan Qi 3 Irvine, Darrell J. 4 Huppa, Johannes B. 1,5 Davis, Mark M. 1,5; Email Address: mdavis@cmgm.stanford.edu Chakraborty, Arup K. 3,6,7; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA  3: Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA  5: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA  6: Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  7: Physical Biosciences and Materials Science Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 5 Issue 8, p791; Subject Term: IMMUNOLOGY; Subject Term: CD4 antigen; Subject Term: T cells; Subject Term: T cell receptors; Subject Term: SYNAPSES; Subject Term: PROTEIN-tyrosine kinase; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/ni1095
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daniels, Douglas S.
AU  - Woo, Tammy T.
AU  - Luu, Kieu X.
AU  - Noll, David M.
AU  - Clarke, Neil D.
AU  - Pegg, Anthony E.
AU  - Tainer, John A.
T1  - DNA binding and nucleotide flipping by the human DNA repair protein AGT.
JO  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
JF  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 714
EP  - 720
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 15459993
AB  - O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT), or O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), prevents mutations and apoptosis resulting from alkylation damage to guanines. AGT irreversibly transfers the alkyl lesion to an active site cysteine in a stoichiometric, direct damage reversal pathway. AGT expression therefore elicits tumor resistance to alkylating chemotherapies, and AGT inhibitors are in clinical trials. We report here structures of human AGT in complex with double-stranded DNA containing the biological substrate O6-methylguanine or crosslinked to the mechanistic inhibitor N1,O6-ethanoxanthosine. The prototypical DNA major groove-binding helix-turn-helix (HTH) motif mediates unprecedented minor groove DNA binding. This binding architecture has advantages for DNA repair and nucleotide flipping, and provides a paradigm for HTH interactions in sequence-independent DNA-binding proteins like RecQ and BRCA2. Structural and biochemical results further support an unpredicted role for Tyr114 in nucleotide flipping through phosphate rotation and an efficient kinetic mechanism for locating alkylated bases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Structural & Molecular Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA ligases
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - APOPTOSIS
KW  - ALKYLATION
N1  - Accession Number: 13937257; Daniels, Douglas S. 1 Woo, Tammy T. 1,2 Luu, Kieu X. 3 Noll, David M. 4 Clarke, Neil D. 4 Pegg, Anthony E. 3 Tainer, John A. 1,5; Email Address: jat@scripps.edu; Affiliation:  1: Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, MB-4, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA  2: Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany  3: Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA  4: Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA  5: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p714; Subject Term: DNA ligases; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: APOPTOSIS; Subject Term: ALKYLATION; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nsmb791
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13937257&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Krinsky, S.
T1  - Femtosecond X-ray pulses from a frequency-chirped SASE FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
EP  - 33
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We discuss the temporal and spectral properties of self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) utilizing an energy-chirped electron beam. A short temporal pulse is generated by using a monochromator to select a narrow radiation bandwidth from the frequency-chirped SASE. For the filtered radiation, the minimum pulse length is limited by the intrinsic SASE bandwidth, while the number of modes and the energy fluctuation can be controlled through the monochromator bandwidth. Two cases are considered: (1) placing the monochromator at the end of a single long undulator; (2) placing the monochromator after an initial undulator and amplifying the short-duration output in a second undulator. We analyze these cases and show that tens of femtosecond X-ray pulses may be generated for the linac coherent light source. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - FEMTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - Femtosecond X-ray
KW  - Frequency-chirped self-amplified spontaneous emission
N1  - Accession Number: 13971315; Huang, Z. 1; Email Address: zrh@slac.stanford.edu Krinsky, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA 94309, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p28; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: FEMTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Femtosecond X-ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency-chirped self-amplified spontaneous emission; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krinsky, S.
T1  - Saturation of a high-gain single-pass FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 52
EP  - 55
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We study a perturbation expansion for the solution of the nonlinear one-dimensional FEL equations. We show that in the case of a monochromatic wave, the radiated intensity satisfies a scaling relation that implies, for large distance <f>z</f> traveled along the undulator, a change in initial value of the radiation field corresponds to a translation in <f>z</f> (lethargy). Analytic continuation using Padé approximates yields accurate results for the radiation field early in saturation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Astronomy)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - FEL saturation
KW  - Padé approximate
KW  - Perturbation expansion
N1  - Accession Number: 13971320; Krinsky, S. 1; Email Address: krinsky@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 725B, National Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p52; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Astronomy); Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL saturation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Padé approximate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perturbation expansion; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.017
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13971320&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nguyen, D.C.
AU  - Colestock, P.L.
AU  - Kurennoy, S.S.
AU  - Rees, D.E.
AU  - Regan, A.H.
AU  - Russell, S.
AU  - Schrage, D.L.
AU  - Wood, R.L.
AU  - Young, L.M.
AU  - Schultheiss, T.
AU  - Christina, V.
AU  - Cole, M.
AU  - Rathke, J.
AU  - Shaw, J.
AU  - Eddy, C.
AU  - Holm, R.
AU  - Henry, R.
AU  - Yater, J.
T1  - Overview of the 100 mA average-current RF photoinjector
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 77
SN  - 01689002
AB  - High-average-power FELs require high-current, low-emittance and low-energy-spread electron beams. These qualities have been achieved with RF photoinjectors operating at low-duty factors. To date, a high-average-current RF photoinjector operating continuously at 100% duty factor is yet to be demonstrated. The principal challenges of a high-duty-factor normal-conducting RF photoinjector are related to applying a high accelerating gradient continuously, thus generating large ohmic losses in the cavity walls, cooling the injector cavity walls and the high-power RF couplers, and finding a photocathode with reasonable Q.E. that can survive the poor vacuum of the RF photoinjector. We present the preliminary design of a normal-conducting 700 MHz photoinjector with solenoid magnetic fields for emittance compensation. The photoinjector is designed to produce 2.7 MeV electron beams at 3 nC bunch charge and 35 MHz repetition rate (100 mA average current). The photoinjector consists of a 2<f>1/2</f>-cell, π-mode, RF cavity with on-axis electric coupling, and a non-resonant vacuum plenum. Heat removal in the resonant cells is achieved via dense arrays of internal cooling passages capable of handling high-velocity water flows. Megawatt RF power is coupled into the injector through two tapered ridge-loaded waveguides. PARMELA simulations show that the 2<f>1/2</f>-cell injector can produce a 7 μm emittance directly. Transverse plasma oscillations necessitate additional acceleration and a second solenoid to realign the phase space envelopes of different axial slices at higher energy, resulting in a normalized rms emittance of 6.5 μm and 34 keV rms energy spread. We are developing a novel cesiated p-type GaN photocathode with 7% quantum efficiency at 350 nm and a cesium dispenser to replenish the cathode with cesium through a porous silicon carbide substrate. These performance parameters will be necessary for the design of the 100 kW FEL. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - HIGH power lasers
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - cw
KW  - FEL
KW  - High brightness
KW  - High current
KW  - Photocathode
KW  - Photoinjector
N1  - Accession Number: 13971325; Nguyen, D.C. 1; Email Address: dcnguyen@lanl.gov Colestock, P.L. 1 Kurennoy, S.S. 1 Rees, D.E. 1 Regan, A.H. 1 Russell, S. 1 Schrage, D.L. 1 Wood, R.L. 1 Young, L.M. 1 Schultheiss, T. 2 Christina, V. 2 Cole, M. 2 Rathke, J. 2 Shaw, J. 3 Eddy, C. 3 Holm, R. 3 Henry, R. 3 Yater, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS H851, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Advanced Energy Systems, Medford, NY 11763, USA  3: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 11763, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p71; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: HIGH power lasers; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cw; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: High brightness; Author-Supplied Keyword: High current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photocathode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoinjector; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Berg, W.J.
AU  - Chae, Y.-C.
AU  - Dejus, R.J.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Rule, D.W.
T1  - On-line SASE FEL gain optimization using COTRI imaging
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
EP  - 183
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Overlap of the particle and the photon beams in a self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL) is one of the keys to optimizing gain. We have now directly demonstrated an on-line method for gain improvement at 540 nm on the Advanced Photon Source FEL. This was achieved by steering the e-beam with correctors before an undulator based on the fringe symmetry in coherent optical transition radiation interference (COTRI) images observed after that undulator. For these conditions we determined that both the SASE and COTR image intensities were improved by about a factor of three in one 2.4-m-long undulator section. The initial tuning had been based on RF beam position monitor readings and the maximization of SASE image intensity in the cameras. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - PHOTON beams
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - Beam overlap
KW  - Coherent optical transition radiation
KW  - Free-electron lasers
KW  - Microbunching
N1  - Accession Number: 13971347; Lumpkin, A.H.; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov Lewellen, J.W. 1 Berg, W.J. 1 Chae, Y.-C. 1 Dejus, R.J. 1 Erdmann, M. 1 Li, Y. 1 Milton, S.V. 1 Rule, D.W.; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Bldg. 401, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p179; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: PHOTON beams; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam overlap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent optical transition radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13971347&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loos, H.
AU  - Bolton, P.R.
AU  - Clendenin, J.E.
AU  - Dowell, D.H.
AU  - Gierman, S.M.
AU  - Limborg, C.G.
AU  - Schmerge, J.F.
AU  - Shaftan, T.V.
AU  - Sheehy, B.
T1  - Longitudinal phase space tomography at the SLAC gun test facility and the BNL DUV-FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
EP  - 193
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Gun Test Facility and the accelerator at the DUV-FEL facility are operated as sources for high brightness electron beams; the first for the Linac Coherent Light Source project and the latter driving an FEL using High Gain Harmonic Generation in the UV. For both accelerators, projections of the longitudinal phase space on the energy coordinate were obtained by varying the phase of an accelerating structure after the gun and measured with a downstream spectrometer dipole. Using an algebraic reconstruction technique, the longitudinal phase space at the entrance to the varied accelerating structure could be reconstructed over a large range of charge from 15 to <f>600 pC</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - Beam dynamics
KW  - Relativistic electron beams
KW  - Tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 13971349; Loos, H. 1; Email Address: loos@bnl.gov Bolton, P.R. 2 Clendenin, J.E. 2 Dowell, D.H. 2 Gierman, S.M. 2 Limborg, C.G. 2 Schmerge, J.F. 2 Shaftan, T.V. 1 Sheehy, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p189; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic electron beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tomography; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13971349&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A.H.
AU  - Erdmann, M.
AU  - Lewellen, J.W.
AU  - Chae, Y.-C.
AU  - Dejus, R.J.
AU  - Den Hartog, P.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Rule, D.W.
AU  - Wiemerslage, G.
T1  - First observations of COTR due to a microbunched beam in the VUV at 157 nm
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
EP  - 198
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser experiments at the Advanced Photon Source are now operating in the VUV at 157 nm for a user experiment. In conjunction with these runs, we have obtained the first coherent optical transition radiation data due to the microbunching of the electron beam in the VUV. We have used both near- and far-field focusing by selecting the spherical mirror with the appropriate focal length for the distance to the CCD chip. The optics are such that much higher resolution than our visible system is attained with calibration factors of 11 μm/pixel and 10 μrad/pixel, respectively. Localized effects in the distributions in both focal conditions are being addressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - Coherent optical transition radiation
KW  - Microbunching
KW  - SASE FEL
KW  - VUV
N1  - Accession Number: 13971350; Lumpkin, A.H.; Email Address: lumpkin@aps.anl.gov Erdmann, M. 1 Lewellen, J.W. 1 Chae, Y.-C. 1 Dejus, R.J. 1 Den Hartog, P. 1 Li, Y. 1 Milton, S.V. 1 Rule, D.W. Wiemerslage, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Bldg. 401, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60349, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p194; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent optical transition radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microbunching; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: VUV; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.045
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13971350&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurennoy, S.S.
AU  - Nguyen, D.C.
AU  - Young, L.M.
T1  - Waveguide-coupled cavities for energy recovery linacs
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 220
EP  - 224
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A novel scheme for energy recovery linacs used as FEL drivers is proposed. It consists of two parallel beam lines, one for electron beam acceleration and the other for the used beam that is bent after passing through a wiggler. The used beam is decelerated by the structure and feeds the cavity fields. The main feature of the scheme is that RF cavities are coupled with waveguides between these two linacs. The waveguide cut through the two beam pipes provides an efficient mechanism for energy transfer. The superconducting RF cavities in the two accelerators can be shaped differently, with an operating mode at the same frequency. This provides HOM detuning and therefore reduces the beam break-up effects. Another advantage of the proposed two-beam scheme is easy tuning of the cavity coupling by changing the waveguide length. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - CW
KW  - Energy recovery
KW  - FEL
KW  - High current
KW  - High power
N1  - Accession Number: 13971357; Kurennoy, S.S.; Email Address: kurennoy@lanl.gov Nguyen, D.C. 1 Young, L.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p220; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: CW; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy recovery; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: High current; Author-Supplied Keyword: High power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dowell, D.H.
AU  - Ferrario, M.
AU  - Kimura, T.
AU  - Lewellen, J.
AU  - Limborg, C.
AU  - Raimondi, P.
AU  - Schmerge, J.F.
AU  - Serafini, L.
AU  - Smith, T.
AU  - Young, L.
T1  - A two-Frequency RF Photocathode Gun
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 316
EP  - 320
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In this paper we resurrect an idea originally proposed by Serafini (Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 318 (1992) 301) in 1992 for an RF photocathode gun capable of operating simultaneously at the fundamental frequency and a higher frequency harmonic. Driving the gun at two frequencies with the proper field ratio and relative phase produces a beam with essentially no RF emittance and a linear longitudinal phase space distribution. Such a gun allows a completely new range of operating parameters for controlling space charge emittance growth. In addition, the linear longitudinal phase space distribution aids in bunch compression. This paper will compare results of simulations for the two-frequency gun with the standard RF gun and the unique properties of the two-frequency gun will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - ELECTRON gun
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Electron beam
KW  - Emittance
KW  - Photocathode RF gun
KW  - RF harmonics
N1  - Accession Number: 13971380; Dowell, D.H. 1; Email Address: dowell@slac.stanford.edu Ferrario, M. 2 Kimura, T. 3 Lewellen, J. 4 Limborg, C. 1 Raimondi, P. 2 Schmerge, J.F. 1 Serafini, L. 5 Smith, T. 3 Young, L. 6; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Mail Stop 18, 2575 San Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025-7015, USA  2: INFN-Frascati, via E. Fermi 40, 00040 Frascati, Italy  3: Hansen Labs, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4085, USA  4: Advanced photron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  5: INFN-Milan-LASA, via Fratelliceni 201, 20090 Segrate (MI), Italy  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p316; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emittance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photocathode RF gun; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF harmonics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.078
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Z.
AU  - Shaftan, T.
T1  - Impact of beam energy modulation on rf zero-phasing microbunch measurements
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 349
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Temporal profile of a simple bunch distribution may be obtained by measuring the horizontal density profile of an energy-chirped electron beam at a dispersive region using the rf zero-phasing technique. For an energy-modulated beam, the horizontal profile obtained by this technique is also modulated with an enhanced amplitude. We study the microbunching experiment at the NSLS source development laboratory and show that the horizontal modulation observed by the rf zero-phasing technique can be explained by the space–charge-induced energy modulation in the accelerator. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - High-brightness electron beam
KW  - RF zero-phasing
KW  - Space–charge oscillation
N1  - Accession Number: 13971387; Huang, Z. 1; Email Address: zrh@slac.stanford.edu Shaftan, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA 94309, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p345; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-brightness electron beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF zero-phasing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space–charge oscillation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.065
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurennoy, S.S.
AU  - Schrage, D.L.
AU  - Wood, R.L.
AU  - Young, L.M.
AU  - Schultheiss, T.
AU  - Christina, V.
AU  - Rathke, J.
T1  - Development of photoinjector RF cavity for high-power CW FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 392
EP  - 396
SN  - 01689002
AB  - An RF photoinjector capable of producing high continuous average current with low emittance and energy spread is a key enabling technology for high-power CW FEL. A preliminary design of the first, and the most challenging, section of a 700-MHz CW RF normal-conducting photoinjector—a 2.5-cell, pi-mode cavity with solenoidal magnetic field for emittance compensation—is completed. Beam dynamics simulations demonstrate that this cavity with an electric field gradient of 7 MV/m will produce an electron beam at 2.7 MeV with the transverse rms emittance 7 mm mrad at 3 nC of charge per bunch. Electromagnetic field computations combined with a thermal and stress analysis show that the challenging problem of cavity cooling can be successfully resolved.We are in the process of building a 100-mA (3 nC of bunch charge at 33.3 MHz bunch repetition rate) photoinjector for demonstration purposes. Its performance parameters will enable a robust 100-kW-class FEL operation with electron beam energy below 100 MeV. The design is scalable to higher power levels by increasing the electron bunch repetition rate and provides a path to a MW-class amplifier FEL. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - HIGH power lasers
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - CW
KW  - FEL
KW  - High brightness
KW  - High current
KW  - Photoinjector
N1  - Accession Number: 13971396; Kurennoy, S.S. 1; Email Address: kurennoy@lanl.gov Schrage, D.L. 1 Wood, R.L. 1 Young, L.M. 1 Schultheiss, T. 2 Christina, V. 2 Rathke, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Advanced Energy Systems, Medford, NY 11763, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p392; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: HIGH power lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: CW; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: High brightness; Author-Supplied Keyword: High current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoinjector; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.087
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, L.H.
AU  - Doyuran, A.
AU  - DiMauro, L.
AU  - Graves, W.S.
AU  - Johnson, E.D.
AU  - Heese, R.
AU  - Krinsky, S.
AU  - Loos, H.
AU  - Murphy, J.B.
AU  - Rakowsky, G.
AU  - Rose, J.
AU  - Shaftan, T.
AU  - Sheehy, B.
AU  - Skaritka, J.
AU  - Wang, X.J.
AU  - Wu, Z.
T1  - Ultraviolet high-gain harmonic-generation free-electron laser at BNL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 436
EP  - 442
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report the first experimental results on a high-gain harmonic-generation (HGHG) free-electron laser (FEL) operating in the ultraviolet. An 800 nm seed from a Ti-Sapphire laser has been used to produce saturated amplified output at the 266 nm third-harmonic. The results confirm the advantages of the HGHG FEL: stable central wavelength, narrow bandwidth and small pulse energy fluctuation. The harmonic output at 88 nm, which accompanies the 266 nm radiation, has been used in an ion pair imaging experiment in chemistry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - Free-electron laser
KW  - High-gain harmonic-generation
N1  - Accession Number: 13971406; Yu, L.H.; Email Address: lhyu@bnl.gov Doyuran, A. 1 DiMauro, L. 1 Graves, W.S. Johnson, E.D. 1 Heese, R. 1 Krinsky, S. 1 Loos, H. 1 Murphy, J.B. 1 Rakowsky, G. 1 Rose, J. 1 Shaftan, T. 1 Sheehy, B. 1 Skaritka, J. 1 Wang, X.J. 1 Wu, Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, AFT, Bldg 725C, Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p436; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-electron laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-gain harmonic-generation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.127
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biedron, S.G.
AU  - Freund, H.P.
AU  - Milton, S.V.
AU  - Dattoli, G.
AU  - Renieri, A.
AU  - Ottaviani, P.L.
T1  - Evolution of transverse modes in a high-gain free-electron laser
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 443
EP  - 447
SN  - 01689002
AB  - At the point of saturation in a high-gain free-electron laser (FEL) the light is fully transversely coherent. The number and evolution of the transverse modes is important for the effective tune-up and subsequent operation of FELs based on the photon beam characterization and in designing multi-module devices that rely on relatively stable saturation distances in each module. In the latter, this is particularly critical since each section will seed another module. Overall, in a single- or multi-module device, experimental users will desire stability in power and in photon beam quality. Using a numerical simulation code, the evolution of the transverse modes in the high-gain free-electron laser (FEL) is examined and is discussed. In addition, the transverse modes in the first few higher nonlinear harmonics are investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - PHOTON beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HARMONICS (Electric waves)
KW  - Coherence
KW  - Free-Electron Lasers
KW  - Frequency Conversion
KW  - Harmonic Generation
KW  - Intense Particle Beams and Radiation Sources
N1  - Accession Number: 13971407; Biedron, S.G. 1; Email Address: sgbiedron@elementaero.com Freund, H.P. 2 Milton, S.V. 1,3 Dattoli, G. 4 Renieri, A. 4 Ottaviani, P.L. 5; Affiliation:  1: MAX-Laboratory, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden SE-22100  2: Science Applications International Corporation, McLean, VA 22102, USA  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: ENEA, Unite Tecnico Scientifica Tecnologie Fisiche Applicate, Centro Ricerche Frascati, C.P. 65, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy  5: ENEA, Divisione Fisica Applicata,Centro Ricerche E. Clementel, Via Don Fiammelli 2, Bologna, Italy; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p443; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: PHOTON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HARMONICS (Electric waves); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free-Electron Lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency Conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Harmonic Generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intense Particle Beams and Radiation Sources; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.128
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dohlus, M.
AU  - Flöttmann, K.
AU  - Kozlov, O.S.
AU  - Limberg, T.
AU  - Piot, Ph.
AU  - Saldin, E.L.
AU  - Schneidmiller, E.A.
AU  - Yurkov, M.V.
T1  - Start-to-end simulations of SASE FEL at the TESLA Test Facility, Phase I: comparison with experimental results
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 448
EP  - 452
SN  - 01689002
AB  - VUV SASE FEL at the TESLA Test Facility (Phase 1) was successfully running and reached saturation in the wavelength range 80–<f>120 nm</f>. We present a posteriori start-to-end simulations of this machine. The codes Astra and elegant are used to track particle distribution from the cathode to the undulator entrance. An independent simulation of the beam dynamics in the bunch compressor is performed with the code CSRtrack. SASE FEL process is simulated with the code FAST. Simulation results are in a good agreement with the measured properties of SASE FEL radiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - X-ray lasers
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - Free electron lasers
KW  - Relativistic electron beams
N1  - Accession Number: 13971408; Dohlus, M. 1 Flöttmann, K. 1 Kozlov, O.S. 2 Limberg, T. 1 Piot, Ph. 3 Saldin, E.L. 1 Schneidmiller, E.A. 1; Email Address: schneidm@mail.desy.de Yurkov, M.V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany  2: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141980 Moscow Region, Russia  3: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p448; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: X-ray lasers; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic electron beams; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.129
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agustsson, R.
AU  - Andonian, G.
AU  - Babzien, M.
AU  - Ben-Zvi, I.
AU  - Frigola, P.
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Murokh, A.
AU  - Palumbo, L.
AU  - Pellegrini, C.
AU  - Reiche, S.
AU  - Rosenzweig, J.
AU  - Travish, G.
AU  - Vicario, C.
AU  - Yakimenko, V.
T1  - Chirped pulse amplification at VISA-FEL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 466
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Chirped beam manipulations are of the great interest to the free electron laser (FEL) community as potential means of obtaining ultra short X-ray pulses. The experiment is under way at the accelerator test facility (ATF) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) to study the FEL process limits with the under-compressed chirped electron beam. High gain near-saturation SASE operation was achieved with the strongly chirped beam (∼2.8% head-to-tail). The measured beam dynamics and SASE properties are presented, as well as the design parameters for the next round of experiment utilizing the newly installed UCLA/ATF chicane compressor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - COMPRESSORS
KW  - SASE FEL
KW  - Short pulse
N1  - Accession Number: 13971412; Agustsson, R. 1 Andonian, G. 1 Babzien, M. 2 Ben-Zvi, I. 2 Frigola, P. 1 Huang, J. 3 Murokh, A. 1; Email Address: murokh@physics.ucla.edu Palumbo, L. 4 Pellegrini, C. 1 Reiche, S. 1 Rosenzweig, J. 1 Travish, G. 1 Vicario, C. 4 Yakimenko, V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics Astronomy, University of California, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Phoang Accelerator Laboratory, South Korea  4: University of Rome, “La Sapienza”, Italy; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p463; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: COMPRESSORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SASE FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Short pulse; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333912 Air and Gas Compressor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.132
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doyuran, Adnan
AU  - DiMauro, Louis
AU  - Graves, W.
AU  - Heese, Richard
AU  - Johnson, Erik D.
AU  - Krinsky, Sam
AU  - Loos, Henrik
AU  - Murphy, James B.
AU  - Rakowsky, George
AU  - Rose, James
AU  - Shaftan, Timur
AU  - Sheehy, Brian
AU  - Shen, Yuzhen
AU  - Skaritka, John
AU  - Wang, Xijie
AU  - Wu, Zilu
AU  - Yu, Li Hua
T1  - Chirped pulse amplification of HGHG-FEL at DUV-FEL facility at BNL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 470
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The DUV-FEL facility has been in operation in the High Gain Harmonic Generation (HGHG) mode producing a 266-nm output from 177-MeV electrons for 1 year. In this paper, we present preliminary results of the Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) of the HGHG radiation. In the normal HGHG process, a 1-ps electron beam is seeded by a chirped 9 ps long, 800-nm Ti:Sapphire laser. The electron beam sees only a narrow fraction of the seed laser bandwidth. However, in the CPA case, the seed laser pulse length is reduced to 1 ps, and the electron beam sees the full bandwidth. We introduce an energy chirp on the electron beam to match the chirp of the seed pulse, enabling the resonant condition for the whole beam. We present measurements of the spectrum bandwidth for various chirp conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - CPA
KW  - FEL
KW  - HGHG
KW  - High gain
KW  - Seed laser
N1  - Accession Number: 13971413; Doyuran, Adnan 1; Email Address: doyuran@physics.ucla.edu DiMauro, Louis 1 Graves, W. 2 Heese, Richard 1 Johnson, Erik D. 1 Krinsky, Sam 1 Loos, Henrik 1 Murphy, James B. 1 Rakowsky, George 1 Rose, James 1 Shaftan, Timur 1 Sheehy, Brian 1 Shen, Yuzhen 1 Skaritka, John 1 Wang, Xijie 1 Wu, Zilu 1 Yu, Li Hua 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, NSLS, Upton, New York, NY 11973, USA  2: MIT, Bates Linear Accelerator Center Middleton, MA 01949, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p467; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: RADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: CPA; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: HGHG; Author-Supplied Keyword: High gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Seed laser; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.133
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, L.H.
AU  - Yi, Hanwei
T1  - Accurate synchronization between short laser pulse and electron bunch using HGHG output at 266 nm as photo-cathode laser for RF-gun
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
EP  - 485
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report a new scheme to realize accurate synchronization between the electron bunch and seed laser by using HGHG output at 266 nm as photo-cathode laser for the RF gun. One by-product of this method is the reduction of the energy fluctuation in addition to the reduced time jitter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - SYNCHRONIZATION
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - ELECTRON gun
KW  - Free electron laser
N1  - Accession Number: 13971417; Yu, L.H. 1; Email Address: lhyu@bnl.gov Yi, Hanwei 2; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, ATF, Bldg 725c, Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Deptartment of Physics, Science College , Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR. China; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p481; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: SYNCHRONIZATION; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron laser; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.136
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Travish, G.
AU  - Crane, J.K.
AU  - Tremaine, A.
T1  - Free-electron lasers as pumps for high-energy solid-state lasers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 528
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 525
EP  - 529
SN  - 01689002
AB  - High average-power free-electron lasers may be useful for pumping high peak-power solid-state laser-amplifiers. At very high peak-powers, the pump source for solid-state lasers is non-trivial: flash lamps produce thermal problems and are unsuitable for materials with short florescence-times, while diodes can be expensive and are only available at select wavelengths. FELs can provide pulse trains of light tuned to a laser material''s absorption peak, and florescence lifetime. An FEL pump can thus minimize thermal effects and potentially allow for new laser materials to be used. This paper examines the design of a high average-power, efficient high-gain FEL for use as pump source. Specifically, the cases of a 100 J class pump, and a 100 TW-class laser at a planned fourth-generation light-source are considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - HIGH power lasers
KW  - DIODES
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - FEL
KW  - High energy
KW  - High power
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Pump
N1  - Accession Number: 13971428; Travish, G. 1; Email Address: gil.tavish@physics.ucla.edu Crane, J.K. 2 Tremaine, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 1/2, p525; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: HIGH power lasers; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: FEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: High energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: High power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pump; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.094
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruet, J.
AU  - Hall, J.
AU  - Descalle, M.-A.
AU  - Prussin, S.
T1  - Monte Carlo models for the production of β-delayed gamma-rays following fission of special nuclear materials
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 222
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 410
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A Monte Carlo method for the estimation of β-delayed γ-ray spectra following fission is described that can accomodate an arbitrary time-dependent fission rate and photon collection history. The method invokes direct sampling of the independent fission yield distributions of the fissioning system, the branching ratios for decay of individual fission products and the spectral distributions for photon emission for each decay mode. Though computationally intensive, the method can provide a detailed estimate of the spectrum that would be recorded by an arbitrary spectrometer, and can prove useful in assessing the quality of evaluated data libraries, for identifying gaps in these libraries, etc. The method is illustrated by a first comparison of calculated and experimental spectra from decay of short-lived fission products following the reactions 235U(<f>nth,f</f>) and 239Pu(<f>nth,f</f>). For general purpose transport calculations, where detailed consideration of the large number of individual γ-ray transitions in a spectrum may be unnecessary, it is shown that an accurate and simple parameterization of a γ-ray source function can be obtained. These parametrizations should provide high-quality average spectral distributions that should prove useful in calculations describing photons escaping from thick attenuating media. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - Fission reactions
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
N1  - Accession Number: 13806320; Pruet, J. 1; Email Address: pruet1@llnl.gov Hall, J. 2 Descalle, M.-A. 3 Prussin, S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, N-Division, L-414, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, N-Division, L-050, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, M-Division, L-174, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  4: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 222 Issue 3/4, p403; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fission reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.03.062
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hryciw, A.
AU  - Meldrum, A.
AU  - Buchanan, K.S.
AU  - White, C.W.
T1  - Effects of particle size and excitation spectrum on the photoluminescence of silicon nanocrystals formed by ion implantation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 222
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
EP  - 476
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Ion implantation was used to synthesize two specimens of SiO2 containing silicon nanocrystals with different average sizes. Although the luminescence spectra of the two specimens were slightly different, selective excitation experiments tuned to specific regions of the absorption spectrum do not indicate any direct particle-size dependence of the luminescence. The spectrum is, however, highly sensitive to the excitation power, due to the more rapid recombination dynamics at higher frequencies. The luminescence lifetime was slightly smaller for the larger nanoparticles. These results are consistent with a sub-gap recombination mechanism for silicon nanocrystals embedded in a matrix of SiO2. Tuning the wavelength of emission from light-emitting devices based on these materials is therefore not likely to be achieved by controlling the particle size; such tunability may instead be realized by techniques such as doping or otherwise chemically modifying silicon nanocomposites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - SILICON
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - Ion-implantation
KW  - Nanocrystals
KW  - Photoluminescence
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 13806327; Hryciw, A. 1 Meldrum, A. 1; Email Address: ameldrum@ualberta.ca Buchanan, K.S. 1 White, C.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6G 2J1  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 222 Issue 3/4, p469; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.02.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - McCready, D.E.
AU  - Weber, W.J.
T1  - Carbon analysis using energetic ion beams
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 222
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 538
EP  - 546
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Both nuclear reaction analysis and non-Rutherford elastic scattering have been widely used for analysis of light elements in solids; these two ion-beam methods complement more traditional analysis by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. In this study, the reaction/scattering cross sections for 12C(p,p)12C, 12C(d,p)13C and 12C(α,α)12C at an angle of 150° are measured over relevant energy regions using thin films of carbon (5.8 μg/cm2) on silicate glass. The results are plotted and tabulated as a function of ion energy, with typical uncertainties of 4% for the cross section data. In addition, the angular distribution of the cross sections for the reaction 12C(d,p)13C at an ion energy of 0.94 MeV has also been determined from 100° to 170°. An example for the application of this reaction to SiC is given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Carbon analysis
KW  - Energetic ion beams
KW  - Reaction/scattering cross section
N1  - Accession Number: 13806337; Jiang, W.; Email Address: weilin.jiang@pnl.gov Shutthanandan, V. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 McCready, D.E. 1 Weber, W.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K8-93, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 222 Issue 3/4, p538; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energetic ion beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reaction/scattering cross section; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.03.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paglieroni, David W.
T1  - Design considerations for image segmentation quality assessment measures
JO  - Pattern Recognition
JF  - Pattern Recognition
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 37
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1607
EP  - 1617
SN  - 00313203
AB  - Factors to consider when designing quality assessment measures for image segmentation are discussed. Quality assessment requires one manually generated segmentation (for reference) plus computer-generated segmentations corresponding to different image segmentation algorithms or algorithm parameter settings. Since true pixel class assignments are seldom available, one must typically rely on a trained human analyst to produce a reference by using a mouse to draw boundaries of perceived regions on a digital image background. Different algorithms and parameter settings can be compared by ranking computed disparities between maps of computer-generated region boundaries and region boundaries from a common reference.Proximity-based association between two boundary pixels is discussed in the context of association distance. Motivated by the concept of phase-modulated signals, a penalty factor on the degree of association is then introduced as some non-negative power (phase modulation order) of the cosine of disparity in phase (boundary direction) between two boundary pixels. Families of matching measures between maps of region boundaries are defined as functions of associations between many pairs of boundary pixels. The measures are characterized as one-way (reflecting relationships in one direction between region boundaries from two segmentations) vs. two-way (reflecting relationships in both directions). Measures of inconsistency between perceived and computed matches of computer and manually generated region boundaries are developed and exercised so that effects of association distance, phase modulation, and choice of matching measure on image segmentation quality assessment can be quantified. It is quantitatively established that consistency can be significantly improved by using two-way measures in conjunction with high-order phase modulation and moderate association distances. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Pattern Recognition is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems -- Image quality
KW  - DIGITAL image processing
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - BOUNDARY element methods
KW  - Chamfer and numerical matching
KW  - Consistency with human perception
KW  - Distance transform
KW  - Image segmentation
KW  - Phase modulation
KW  - Spectral and boundary phase
N1  - Accession Number: 13289912; Paglieroni, David W. 1; Email Address: paglieroni1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Department of Energy, University of California, PO Box 808 L290, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p1607; Subject Term: IMAGING systems -- Image quality; Subject Term: DIGITAL image processing; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: BOUNDARY element methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chamfer and numerical matching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Consistency with human perception; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distance transform; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image segmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase modulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectral and boundary phase; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.patcog.2004.01.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blaisdell, Joyce
AU  - Jorge-Nebert, Lucia F
AU  - Coulter, Sherry
AU  - Ferguson, Stephen S
AU  - Lee, Su-Jun
AU  - Chanas, Brian
AU  - Xi, Tina
AU  - Mohrenweiser, Harvey
AU  - Ghanayem, Burhan
AU  - Goldstein, Joyce A
T1  - Discovery of new potentially defective alleles of human CYP2C9.
JO  - Pharmacogenetics
JF  - Pharmacogenetics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
EP  - 537
SN  - 0960314X
AB  - CYP2C9 is a clinically important enzyme, responsible for the metabolism of numerous clinically important therapeutic drugs. In the present study, we discovered 38 single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP2C9 by resequencing of genomic DNA from 92 individuals from three different racial groups. Haplotype analysis predicted that there are at least 21 alleles of CYP2C9 in this group of individuals. Six new alleles were identified that contained coding changes: L19I (CYP2C9∗7), R150H (CYP2C9∗8), H251R (CYP2C9∗9), E272G (CYP2C9∗10), R335W(CYP2C9∗11) and P489S (CYP2C9∗12). When expressed in a bacterial cDNA expression system, several alleles exhibited altered catalytic activity. CYP2C9∗11 appeared to be a putative poor metabolizer allele, exhibiting a three-fold increase in the Km and more than a two-fold decrease in the intrinsic clearance for tolbutamide. Examination of the crystal structure of human CYP2C9 reveals that R335 is located in the turn between the J and J′ helices and forms a hydrogen-bonding ion pair with D341 from the J′ helix. Abolishing this interaction in CYP2C9∗11 individuals could destabilize the secondary structure and alter the substrate affinity. This new putative poor metabolizer (PM) allele was found in Africans. A second potentially PM allele CYP2C9∗12 found in a racially unidentified sample also exhibited a modest decrease in the Vmax and the intrinsic clearance for tolbutamide in a recombinant system. Further clinical studies are needed to determine the effect of these new polymorphisms on the metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Pharmacogenetics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - alleles
KW  - cDNA expression
KW  - CYP2C9
KW  - CYP2C9 poor metabolizers
KW  - polymorphisms
KW  - tolbutamide
N1  - Accession Number: 115112091; Blaisdell, Joyce 1 Jorge-Nebert, Lucia F 1 Coulter, Sherry 1 Ferguson, Stephen S 1 Lee, Su-Jun 1 Chanas, Brian 1 Xi, Tina 1 Mohrenweiser, Harvey 1 Ghanayem, Burhan 1 Goldstein, Joyce A 1; Affiliation:  1: a Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Human Metabolism Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA, b DNA and Human Genomics Institute and College of Pharmacy, University of Panama, Panama, Republic of Panama and c Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 14 Issue 8, p527; Author-Supplied Keyword: alleles; Author-Supplied Keyword: cDNA expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: CYP2C9; Author-Supplied Keyword: CYP2C9 poor metabolizers; Author-Supplied Keyword: polymorphisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: tolbutamide; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5924
L3  - 10.1097/01.fpc.0000114759.08559.51
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henager Jr., Charles H.
AU  - Kurtz, Richard J.
AU  - Hoagland, Richard G.
T1  - Interactions of dislocations with disconnections in fcc metallic nanolayered materials.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 2277
EP  - 2303
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Embedded-atom method potentials and atomistic models of coherent (010) interfaces were used to study slip across interfaces in cube-on-cube oriented Cu/Ni nanolayered materials. (111) disconnections form during slip across Cu-Ni interfaces and become significant barriers to continued deformation. A significant barrier exists for the flat coherent interface owing to the large coherency stresses in the Cu/Ni layers that must be overcome by applied stresses but, once these have been overcome, interface transection occurs readily. A disconnection adds an additional barrier because of a residual dislocation with a Burgers vector magnitude equal to the difference between b Cu and b Ni . This barrier depends on the position of the disconnection relative to the glide plane of the transecting glide dislocation and on the disconnection height. Disconnections cause work hardening that prevents shear band formation during deformation and encourages homogeneous shear processes. Disconnection energies are shown to be relatively small and to depend on the disconnection type and size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13911074; Henager Jr., Charles H. 1; Email Address: chuck.henager@pnl.gov Kurtz, Richard J. 1 Hoagland, Richard G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99335-0999, USA; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 22, p2277; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 27p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 5 Diagrams, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430410001678235
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radhakrishnan, B.
AU  - Sarma, G.
T1  - The effect of coarse non-deformable particles on the deformation and static recrystallization of aluminium alloys.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/08//8/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 2341
EP  - 2366
SN  - 14786435
AB  - The phenomenon of particle-stimulated nucleation (PSN) during recrystallization of commercial aluminium alloys has been widely investigated both from a ;scientific viewpoint and from the industrial perspective. The technological impact of this phenomenon is the finding that, depending upon the thermomechanical processing conditions, the occurrence of PSN may strengthen or weaken the deformation texture during recrystallization, which may or may not be desirable ;for a specific application of the final product. From a scientific standpoint, the mechanics of formation of localized deformation zones in the vicinity of the hard particles and the development of deformation substructures within the ;deformation zone that eventually turn into a recrystallized nucleus are still not ;completely understood. This paper describes the application of a coupled finite-element-Monte Carlo technique to study the phenomenon of PSN during recrystallization of aluminium and the subsequent growth of the nuclei. The deformation and recrystallization textures arising from initial microstructures with and without hard particles are compared to elucidate the particle effect on texture. The simulations have been applied to single crystals, bicrystals and a tricrystal of aluminium of specific crystallographic orientations with and without the hard particles at specific locations such as the grain interior, grain boundary and triple line. The simulation results are compared with existing experimental data on the deformation and recrystallization of particle-containing aluminium alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS -- Thermomechanical treatment
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 13911072; Radhakrishnan, B. 1; Email Address: radhakrishnb@ornl.gov Sarma, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6008, USA; Source Info: 8/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 22, p2341; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS -- Thermomechanical treatment; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs, 6 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430410001689990
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramaprabhu, P.
AU  - Andrews, M. J.
T1  - On the initialization of Rayleigh–Taylor simulations.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - L59
EP  - L62
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - We demonstrate that, when initialized with experimental data, numerical simulations of Rayleigh–Taylor mixing show reasonable agreement with experimental measurements of the self-similar growth rate α. The experimental data include high-resolution velocity and density measurements from a closed water channel facility. For the simulations, a monotone integrated large eddy simulations technique was used that employed a finite-volume, Eulerian equation solver with van Leer flux limiters. Calculations were initialized with both density and velocity fluctuations. A comparison of the late-time, self-similar growth constant with the experiments showed simulations initialized with velocity perturbations gave better agreement with experiments. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - EDDIES
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13720289; Ramaprabhu, P. 1 Andrews, M. J. 2; Email Address: mandrews@mengr.tamu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 16 Issue 8, pL59; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: EDDIES; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1765171
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720289&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gordillo, Jose M.
AU  - Zhengdong Cheng
AU  - Ganan-Calvo, Alfonso M.
AU  - Marquez, M.
AU  - Weitz, D. A.
T1  - A new device for the generation of microbubbles.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2828
EP  - 2834
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - In this paper we present a new method for the production of bubble-liquid suspensions (from now on BLS) composed of micron-sized bubbles and with gas to liquid volume ratios larger than unity. We show that the BLS gas fraction λ=Qg/Ql, being Qg and Ql the flow rates of gas and liquid, respectively, is controlled by a dimensionless parameter which accounts for the ratio of the gas pressure inside the device to the liquid viscous pressure drop from the orifices where the liquid is injected to the exit, where the BLS is obtained. This parameter permits the correct scaling of the BLS gas volume fraction of all the experiments presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUBBLES
KW  - BUBBLE dynamics
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13720297; Gordillo, Jose M. 1; Email Address: gordillo@eurus2.us.es Zhengdong Cheng 2 Ganan-Calvo, Alfonso M. 3 Marquez, M. 4,5 Weitz, D. A. 2; Email Address: weitz@deas.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Grupo de Mecanica de Fluidos, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Canino de los Descubrimientos s/n. 41092 Sevilla, Spain  2: Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138  3: Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Ingenieria Energetica y Mecanica de Fluidos, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevella, Spain  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  5: Computational Chemistry Group, Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 16 Issue 8, p2828; Subject Term: BUBBLES; Subject Term: BUBBLE dynamics; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1737739
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720297&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Livescu, D.
AU  - Madnia, C. K.
T1  - Small scale structure of homogeneous turbulent shear flow.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2864
EP  - 2876
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - The structure of homogeneous turbulent shear flow is studied using data generated by direct numerical simulations (DNS) and a linear analysis for both compressible and incompressible cases. At large values of the mean shear rate, the rapid distortion theory (RDT) limit is approached. Analytical solutions are found for the inviscid compressible RDT equations at long times. The RDT equations are also solved numerically for both inviscid and viscous cases. The RDT solutions, confirmed by the DNS results, show that the even order transverse derivative moments of the dilatational and solenoidal velocity fields are anisotropic, with the dilatational motions more anisotropic than their solenoidal counterparts. The results obtained for the incompressible case are similar to those obtained for the solenoidal motions in the compressible case. The DNS results also indicate an increase in the anisotropy of the even order transverse derivative moments with the order of the moment, in agreement with the RDT predictions. Although the anisotropy decreases with Reynolds number, it is likely that for higher even order moments it will persist at large values of the Reynolds number, in contrast with the postulate of local isotropy. The RDT solutions also predict that the normalized odd order transverse derivative moments of the solenoidal velocity for the compressible case and of the velocity for the incompressible case should approach a constant different than zero at large times. This prediction is supported by the DNS data. For higher odd order normalized moments, the RDT analysis suggests that the anisotropy may persist at large values of the Reynolds number, in agreement with the existent experimental data. The amplification of the dilatational kinetic energy in the direction of the mean shear and the anisotropy of the dilatational dissipation tensor found in the DNS results are also consistent with the RDT analysis. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - SHEAR flow
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13720293; Livescu, D. 1; Email Address: livescu@lanl.gov Madnia, C. K. 2; Email Address: madnia@eng.buffalo.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, CCS-2 MS B296, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 16 Issue 8, p2864; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: SHEAR flow; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1760771
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720293&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boswell, Brad A.
AU  - Craig Dutton, J.
T1  - Shear layer development in a three-dimensional compressible base flow.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3031
EP  - 3044
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - The structure and characteristics of the shear layer embedded in a three-dimensional, compressible, separated flow were investigated experimentally. The investigation focused on three primary areas: shear layer initiation at the base-corner separation point, development of the three-dimensional shear layer enclosing the recirculation region, and the turbulence structure near reattachment. The primary data presented are mean velocity and turbulence fluctuations measured using two-component laser-Doppler velocimetry. Initiation of the shear layer at the base-corner separation point results in an increase of all measured turbulent stresses, and a change in orientation of the turbulent structures. The shear layer growth rate is observed to vary with circumferential angle, with growth occurring at a much faster rate in the leeward plane than in the windward. Throughout the reattachment region, the turbulent stresses do not appear to diminish in the streamwise direction, contrary to previously published results for axisymmetric base flows. In addition, the reattachment phenomenon tends to slightly decrease overall turbulent structure organization. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - SHEAR flow
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13720280; Boswell, Brad A. 1 Craig Dutton, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 16 Issue 8, p3031; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHEAR flow; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768550
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13720280&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celliers, P. M.
AU  - Collins, G. W.
AU  - Hicks, D. G.
AU  - Koenig, M.
AU  - Henry, E.
AU  - Benuzzi-Mounaix, A.
AU  - Batani, D.
AU  - Bradley, D. K.
AU  - Da Silva, L. B.
AU  - Wallace, R. J.
AU  - Moon, S. J.
AU  - Eggert, J. H.
AU  - Lee, K. K. M.
AU  - Benedetti, L. R.
AU  - Jeanloz, R.
AU  - Masclet, I.
AU  - Dague, N.
AU  - Marchet, B.
AU  - Rabec Le Gloahec, M.
AU  - Reverdin, Ch.
T1  - Electronic conduction in shock-compressed water.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - L41
EP  - L44
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The optical reflectance of a strong shock front in water increases continuously with pressure above 100 GPa and saturates at ∼45% reflectance above 250 GPa. This is the first evidence of electronic conduction in high pressure water. In addition, the water Hugoniot equation of state up to 790 GPa (7.9 Mbar) is determined from shock velocity measurements made by detecting the Doppler shift of reflected light. From a fit to the reflectance data we find that an electronic mobility gap ∼2.5 eV controls thermal activation of electronic carriers at pressures in the range of 100–150 GPa. This suggests that electronic conduction contributes significantly to the total conductivity along the Neptune isentrope above 150 GPa. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOPPLER effect
KW  - WATER
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTRON bombardment conductivity
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13861827; Celliers, P. M. 1 Collins, G. W. 1 Hicks, D. G. 1 Koenig, M. 2 Henry, E. 2,3 Benuzzi-Mounaix, A. 2 Batani, D. 3 Bradley, D. K. 1 Da Silva, L. B. 1 Wallace, R. J. 1 Moon, S. J. 1 Eggert, J. H. 1 Lee, K. K. M. 4 Benedetti, L. R. 4 Jeanloz, R. 4 Masclet, I. 5 Dague, N. 5 Marchet, B. 5 Rabec Le Gloahec, M. 5 Reverdin, Ch. 5; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551  2: Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), Unité Mixte No. 7605, CNRS-CEA-Ecole Polytechnique-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 91128 Palaiseau, France  3: Dipartimento di Fisicà, G. Occhialini Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca and INFM, 20126 Milan, Italy  4: University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  5: CEA/DAM Ile de France, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, pL41; Subject Term: DOPPLER effect; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTRON bombardment conductivity; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1758944
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13861827&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whitney, K. G.
AU  - Thornhill, J. W.
AU  - Apruzese, J. P.
AU  - Davis, J.
AU  - Deeney, C.
AU  - Coverdale, C. A.
T1  - Enhanced energy coupling and x-ray emission in Z-pinch plasma implosions.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3700
EP  - 3714
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Recent experiments conducted on the Saturn pulsed-power generator at Sandia National Laboratories [R. B. Spielman et al., in Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Dense Z Pinches, Laguna Beach, CA, 1989, edited by N. R. Pereira, J. Davis, and N. Rostoker (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1989), p. 3] have produced large amounts of x-ray output, which cannot be accounted for in conventional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) calculations. In these experiments, the Saturn current had a rise time of ∼180 ns in contrast to a rise time of ∼60 ns in Saturn’s earlier mode of operation. In both aluminum and tungsten wire-array Z-pinch implosions, 2–4 times more x-ray output was generated than could be supplied according to one-dimensional (1D) magnetohydrodynamic calculations by the combined action of the j×B acceleration forces and ohmic heating (as described by a classical Braginskii resistivity). In this paper, we reexamine the problem of coupling transmission line circuits to plasma fluid equations and derive expressions for the Z-pinch load circuit resistance and inductance that relate these quantities in a 1D analysis to the surface resistivity of the fluid, and to the magnetic field energy that is stored in the vacuum diode, respectively. Enhanced energy coupling in this analysis, therefore, comes from enhancements to the surface resistivity, and we show that plasma resistivities approximately three orders of magnitude larger than classical are needed in order to achieve energy inputs that are comparable to the Saturn experiment x-ray outputs. Large enhancements of the plasma resistivity increase the rate of magnetic field and current diffusion, significantly modify the qualitative features of the MHD, and raise important questions as to how the plasma fluid dynamics converts enhanced energy inputs into enhanced x-ray outputs. One-dimensional MHD calculations in which resistivity values are adjusted phenomenologically are used to illustrate how various dynamical assumptions influence the way enhanced energy inputs are channeled by the fluid dynamics. Variations in the parameters of the phenomenological model are made in order to determine how sensitively they influence the dynamics and the degree to which the calculated x-ray outputs can be made to replicate the kinds of large variations in the experimental x-ray power data that were observed in three nominally identical aluminum wire shots on Saturn. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13861836; Whitney, K. G. 1,2; Email Address: whitney@ppdu.nrl.navy.mil Thornhill, J. W. 1 Apruzese, J. P. 1 Davis, J. 1 Deeney, C. 3 Coverdale, C. A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Radiation Hydrodynamics Branch, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375  2: Berkeley Scholars, P. O. Box 852, Springfield, VA, 22150  3: Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p3700; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1760093
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13861836&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shaing, K. C.
AU  - Peng, M.
T1  - Transport theory for potato orbits in an axisymmetric torus with finite toroidal flow speed.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3726
EP  - 3732
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Transport theory for potato orbits in the region near the magnetic axis in an axisymmetric torus such as tokamaks and spherical tori is extended to the situation where the toroidal flow speed is of the order of the sonic speed as observed in National Spherical Torus Experiment [E. J. Synakowski, M. G. Bell, R. E. Bell et al., Nucl. Fusion 43, 1653 (2003)]. It is found that transport fluxes such as ion radial heat flux, and bootstrap current density are modified by a factor of the order of the square of the toroidal Mach number. The consequences of the orbit squeezing are also presented. The theory is developed for parabolic (in radius r) plasma profiles. A method to apply the results of the theory for the transport modeling is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - MACH number
KW  - ORBITS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13861833; Shaing, K. C. 1 Peng, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p3726; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: MACH number; Subject Term: ORBITS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1761536
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13861833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, D. R.
AU  - Reiman, A. H.
T1  - Analytic, high-β solutions of the helical Grad–Shafranov equation.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3752
EP  - 3757
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Analytic, high-β [β∼O(1)], helical equilibrium solutions are presented for a class of helical axis configurations having large helical aspect ratio, with the helix assumed to be tightly wound. The solutions develop a narrow boundary layer of strongly compressed flux, similar to that previously found in high-β tokamak equilibrium solutions. The boundary layer is associated with a strong localized current which prevents the equilibrium from having zero net current. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13861829; Smith, D. R. 1 Reiman, A. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p3752; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1763576
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13861829&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Milligen, B. Ph.
AU  - Carreras, B. A.
AU  - Sánchez, R.
T1  - Uphill transport and the probabilistic transport model.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3787
EP  - 3794
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Profile consistency is a long-standing mystery of transport in thermonuclear fusion plasmas. This phenomenon is critically tested by studying the system response to off-axis fueling or heating. The present paper investigates the potential of a recently proposed probabilistic transport model to simulate this phenomenon, and it is found that most of the observed phenomenology can be reproduced, at least qualitatively. In particular, the observed differences between tokamaks and stellarators under off-axis heating may find an explanation in this framework. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - CATHODES
KW  - TIME delay systems
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13861823; van Milligen, B. Ph. 1 Carreras, B. A. 2 Sánchez, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Asociación EURATOM-CIEMAT para Fusión, Avenida Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid, Spain  2: Fusion Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2001, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-2001  3: Departamento de Física, Universidad Carlos III, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Spain; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p3787; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: CATHODES; Subject Term: TIME delay systems; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1763915
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13861823&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Del-Castillo-Negrete, D.
AU  - Carreras, B. A.
AU  - Lynch, V. E.
T1  - Fractional diffusion in plasma turbulence.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3854
EP  - 3864
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Transport of tracer particles is studied in a model of three-dimensional, resistive, pressure-gradient-driven plasma turbulence. It is shown that in this system transport is anomalous and cannot be described in the context of the standard diffusion paradigm. In particular, the probability density function (pdf) of the radial displacements of tracers is strongly non-Gaussian with algebraic decaying tails, and the moments of the tracer displacements exhibit superdiffusive scaling. To model these results we present a transport model with fractional derivatives in space and time. The model incorporates in a unified way nonlocal effects in space (i.e., non-Fickian transport), memory effects (i.e., non-Markovian transport), and non-Gaussian scaling. There is quantitative agreement between the turbulence transport calculations and the fractional diffusion model. In particular, the model reproduces the shape and space-time scaling of the pdf, and the superdiffusive scaling of moments. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13861814; Del-Castillo-Negrete, D. 1; Email Address: delcastillod@ornl.gov Carreras, B. A. 1 Lynch, V. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8071; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p3854; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1767097
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ricci, Paolo
AU  - Brackbill, J. U.
AU  - Daughton, W.
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
T1  - Collisionless magnetic reconnection in the presence of a guide field.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4102
EP  - 4114
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The results of kinetic simulations of magnetic reconnection in Harris current sheets are analyzed. A range of guide fields is considered to study reconnection in plasmas characterized by different β values, β>me/mi. Both an implicit particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation method and a parallel explicit PIC code are used. Simulations with mass ratios up to the physical value are performed. The simulations show that the reconnection rate decreases with the guide field and depends weakly on the mass ratio. The off-diagonal components of the electron pressure tensor break the frozen-in condition, even in low β plasmas. In high β plasmas, evidence is presented that whistler waves play a key role in the fast reconnection physics, while in low β plasmas the kinetic Alfvén waves are important. The in-plane and the out-of-plane ion and electron motion are also considered, showing that they are influenced by the mass ratio and the plasma β. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - KINETIC theory of matter
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13861787; Ricci, Paolo 1,2; Email Address: paolo.ricci@polito.it Brackbill, J. U. 3; Email Address: jub@lanl.gov Daughton, W. 3; Email Address: daughton@lanl.gov Lapenta, Giovanni 1,3; Email Address: lapenta@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM), Unità del Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24-10129 Torino, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Energetica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p4102; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: KINETIC theory of matter; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768552
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robey, H. F.
T1  - Effects of viscosity and mass diffusion in hydrodynamically unstable plasma flows.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 11
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4123
EP  - 4133
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Hydrodynamically unstable plasma flows driven by intense laser radiation are described in which an interface between two materials of dissimilar densities is subjected to a very strong shock and then decelerated over a longer time scale. Preimposed perturbations on this interface are unstable to a combination of the Richtmyer–Meshkov (RM) and Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instabilities. Overall target dimensions for these experiments are of the order of 1 mm, and length scales of the unstable perturbations of interest can be as small as a few microns. At such small spatial scales, the effects of dissipative processes such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusion begin to affect instability growth rates. In this article, estimates are presented of the spatial scale at which viscosity and mass diffusion begin to affect the growth of a perturbation due to the RM and RT instabilities. Time dependent values for the plasma kinematic viscosity and interfacial binary mass diffusivity are estimated for the conditions occurring in laser-driven instability experiments recently conducted on the Omega laser. These are used together with several models in the literature for estimating the reduction in the growth rate dispersion curves of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities due to the presence of these small-scale dissipative effects. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13861785; Robey, H. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 11 Issue 8, p4123; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1772377
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13861785&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Libby, Stephen B.
AU  - Weiss, Morton S.
T1  - Edward Teller's Scientific Life.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 57
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
EP  - 50
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Details the scientific career of Edward Teller, a physicist of the 20th century.  Information on the scientific papers of Teller as a student at the University of Leipzig in Germany; Research on the area of matter at high energy density; Outlook of colleagues and students on Teller as a physics teacher and mentor.
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - PHYSICS teachers
KW  - PHYSICS research
KW  - UNIVERSITAT Leipzig
KW  - TELLER, Edward, 1908-2003
N1  - Accession Number: 14004140; Libby, Stephen B. 1 Weiss, Morton S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 57 Issue 8, p45; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: PHYSICS teachers; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; Company/Entity: UNIVERSITAT Leipzig; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; People: TELLER, Edward, 1908-2003; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4428
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Posewitz, Matthew C.
AU  - Smolinski, Sharon L.
AU  - Kanakagiri, Saradadevi
AU  - Melis, Anastasios
AU  - Seibert, Michael
AU  - Ghirardi, Maria L.
T1  - Hydrogen Photoproduction Is Attenuated by Disruption of an Isoamylase Gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
JO  - Plant Cell
JF  - Plant Cell
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2151
EP  - 2163
SN  - 10404651
AB  - DNA insertional transformants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii  were screened chemochromically for attenuated H2 production. One mutant, displaying low H2 gas photoproduction, has  a nonfunctional copy of a gene that shows high homology to the family of isoamylase genes found in several photosynthetic  organisms. DNA gel blotting and gene complementation were used to link this isoamylase gene to previously  characterized nontagged sta7 mutants. This mutant is therefore denoted sta7-10. In C. reinhardtii, the STA7 isoamylase gene is important for the accumulation of crystalline starch, and the sta7-10 mutant reported here contains <3% of the glucose found  in insoluble starch when compared with wild-type control cells. Hydrogen photoproduction rates, induced after several  hours of dark, anaerobic treatment, are attenuated in sta7 mutants. RNA gel blot analysis indicates that the mRNA  transcripts for both the HydA1 and HydA2 [Fe]-hydrogenase genes are expressed in the sta7-10 mutant at greater than wild-type levels 0.5 h after anaerobic induction. However, after 1.5 h, transcript levels of both HydA1 and HydA2 begin to decline rapidly and reach nearly undetectable levels after 7 h. In wild-type cells, the hydrogenase transcripts accumulate more slowly,  reach a plateau after 4 h of anaerobic treatment, and maintain the same level of expression for >7 h under anaerobic  incubation. Complementation of mutant cells with genomic DNA corresponding to the STA7 gene restores both the starch  accumulation and H2 production phenotypes. The results indicate that STA7 and starch metabolism play an important role in C. reinhardtii H2 photoproduction. Moreover, the results indicate that mere anaerobiosis is not sufficient to maintain  hydrogenase gene expression without the underlying physiology, an important aspect of which is starch metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant Cell is the property of American Society of Plant Physiologists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENASE
KW  - CHLAMYDOMONAS
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - ANAEROBIOSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 14241363; Posewitz, Matthew C. 1; Email Address: matttew_posewitz@nrel.gov Smolinski, Sharon L. 1 Kanakagiri, Saradadevi 2 Melis, Anastasios 2 Seibert, Michael 1 Ghirardi, Maria L. 1; Email Address: maria_ghirardi@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401  2: University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p2151; Subject Term: HYDROGENASE; Subject Term: CHLAMYDOMONAS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: ANAEROBIOSIS; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 6 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin A.  Green
AU  - Keith  Emery
AU  - David L.  King
AU  - Sanekazu  Igari
AU  - Wilhelm  Warta
T1  - Solar cell efficiency tables (version 24).
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
EP  - 372
SN  - 10627995
AB  - Consolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined and new entries since January 2004 are reviewed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Tables (Furniture) -- Joints
KW  - Mechanical efficiency
KW  - Power transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 20650047; Martin A.  Green 1; Keith  Emery 2; David L.  King 3; Sanekazu  Igari 4; Wilhelm  Warta 5; Affiliations: 1: Centre for Photovoltaic Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia; 2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 3: Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123-0752, USA; 4: Energy Electronics Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 5: Department of Solar Cells—Materials and Technology, Fraunhofer-Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Heidenhofstr. 2, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 12 Issue 5, p365; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Subject Term: Tables (Furniture) -- Joints; Subject Term: Mechanical efficiency; Subject Term: Power transmission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Thiel, P.A.
T1  - An introduction to the surface science of quasicrystals
JO  - Progress in Surface Science
JF  - Progress in Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 75
IS  - 3-8
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 69
EP  - 86
SN  - 00796816
N1  - Accession Number: 13902725; Thiel, P.A. 1; Email Address: thiel@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3111, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 75 Issue 3-8, p69; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.progsurf.2004.05.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jenks, Cynthia J.
AU  - Bastasz, Robert
T1  - Probing the surface structure of quasicrystals via angle-resolved low-energy ion scattering
JO  - Progress in Surface Science
JF  - Progress in Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 75
IS  - 3-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 147
EP  - 160
SN  - 00796816
AB  - Angle-resolved low-energy ion scattering is a valuable technique for examining the topmost surface layers of materials. Using this technique, information about both composition and structure can be obtained. We discuss the physical basis of this technique and present our findings for the fivefold surface of icosahedral (i-) Al–Pd–Mn. Our results clearly show that the exposed surface has a higher Al content than the bulk and can have fivefold periodicity. Information about frequently occurring interatomic distances on the surface can also be obtained by this technique. We discuss the results and compare them to recent scanning tunneling microscopy studies and to bulk structure models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Surface Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - ICOSAHEDRA
N1  - Accession Number: 13902729; Jenks, Cynthia J. 1; Email Address: cjenks@iastate.edu Bastasz, Robert 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 75 Issue 3-8, p147; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: ICOSAHEDRA; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.progsurf.2004.05.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thiel, Patricia A.
T1  - Structure and oxidation at quasicrystal surfaces
JO  - Progress in Surface Science
JF  - Progress in Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 75
IS  - 3-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 204
SN  - 00796816
AB  - We have investigated the atomic and electronic structure, chemical composition, and oxidation characteristics of the surfaces of icosahedral, Al-rich quasicrystals, using a variety of surface-sensitive techniques (LEED, XPS, STM, AES). We have systematically investigated the way that these traits vary with preparation conditions (e.g. sputtering and then annealing to various temperatures, vs. fracture), with surface symmetry (e.g. 2f vs. 3f vs. 5f surfaces), and with bulk composition (e.g. i-Al–Pd–Mn vs. i-Al–Cu–Fe). We have also compared our results for the quasicrystals with results for crystalline approximants and other related crystalline phases. Our main conclusions are that, under specific conditions of sputter-annealing, the bulk atomic and electronic structures of the clean quasicrystal propagate to the surface. Also, the oxidation chemistry is dominated by that of the primary constituent, aluminum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Surface Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 13902732; Thiel, Patricia A. 1; Email Address: thiel@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering and The Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3111, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 75 Issue 3-8, p191; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.progsurf.2004.05.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Yian-Biao
AU  - Howitt, Jason
AU  - McCorkle, Sean
AU  - Lawrence, Paul
AU  - Springer, Karen
AU  - Freimuth, Paul
T1  - Protein aggregation during overexpression limited by peptide extensions with large net negative charge
JO  - Protein Expression & Purification
JF  - Protein Expression & Purification
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 216
SN  - 10465928
AB  - Folding of the human coxsackie and adenovirus receptor immunoglobulin (Ig) variable-type domain (CAR D1) during overexpression in the Escherichia coli cytoplasm was shown previously to be partially rescued by fusion to a 22-residue C-terminal peptide. Here, peptide sequence features required for solubilization and folding of CAR D1 and similar Ig variable-type domains from two other human membrane proteins were investigated. Peptide extensions with net negative charge <f>></f>-6 fully solubilized CAR D1, and approximately half of the peptide-solubilized protein was correctly folded. The Ig variable-type domains from human A33 antigen and myelin P-zero proteins were only partially solubilized by peptide extensions with net charge of -12, however, and only the solubilized P-zero domain appeared to fold correctly whereas the A33 domain formed soluble microaggregates of misfolded protein. Our results suggest a model where the large net charge of peptide extensions increases electrostatic repulsion between nascent polypeptides. The resulting decrease in aggregation rate can enable some polypeptides to fold spontaneously into their native protein conformations. Analysis of the solubility and folding status of sets of structurally homologous proteins, such as the Ig variable-type domains described here, during overexpression could provide insights into how amino acid and gene sequences influence the efficiency of spontaneous protein folding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Protein Expression & Purification is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - CLUSTERING of particles
KW  - Aggregation
KW  - Electrostatic repulsion
KW  - Fusion protein
KW  - Protein folding
N1  - Accession Number: 13705380; Zhang, Yian-Biao 1 Howitt, Jason McCorkle, Sean 1 Lawrence, Paul 1 Springer, Karen 1 Freimuth, Paul; Email Address: freimuth@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 36 Issue 2, p207; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: CLUSTERING of particles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrostatic repulsion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein folding; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pep.2004.04.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheldon, Karl E.
AU  - Anderson-Cook, C. M.
AU  - O'Brien, W. F.
T1  - Using Computer Modeling to Optimize Cost and Maintain Performance Constraints for the Production of Aircraft Turbine Engines.
JO  - Quality & Reliability Engineering International
JF  - Quality & Reliability Engineering International
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 551
SN  - 07488017
AB  - The use of computer models and simulation can be an effective way of gaining valuable information about a variety of engineering systems. In this paper, quadratic polynomial models are used to estimate gas turbine engine performance models in an extensive simulation. The goal of the simulation is maximize the tolerances on a number of engine design features, while still producing an engine that will have an overall 3-sigma (99.74%) pass rate on a number of geometric and performance constraints. The tolerances are maximized by using an optimization routine to determine the greatest allowable standard deviations (all with equal weights) and thus help to reduce engine-manufacturing cost. Details are provided about how the models and simulation were constructed, as well as how information about the system was extracted from simulation results. A comparison of current production guidelines is made with those suggested by the study to show how system improvements can be achieved. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Quality & Reliability Engineering International is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - ENGINEERING systems
KW  - GAS turbines
KW  - ENGINES
KW  - STANDARD deviations
KW  - 3-sigma pass rates
KW  - simulation
KW  - statistical modeling
KW  - variance modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 14013790; Sheldon, Karl E. 1 Anderson-Cook, C. M. 2; Email Address: candcook@vt.edu O'Brien, W. F. 3; Affiliation:  1: GE Corporate Research and Development, Niskayuna, NY 12065, U.S.A.  2: Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p541; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ENGINEERING systems; Subject Term: GAS turbines; Subject Term: ENGINES; Subject Term: STANDARD deviations; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3-sigma pass rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: statistical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: variance modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333618 Other Engine Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/qre.665
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14013790&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fthenakis, Vasilis M.
T1  - Life cycle impact analysis of cadmium in CdTe PV production
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
SN  - 13640321
AB  - This paper describes the material flows and emissions in all the life stages of CdTe PV modules, from extracting refining and purifying raw materials through the production, use, and disposal or recycling of the modules. The prime focus is on cadmium flows and cadmium emissions into the environment. This assessment also compares the cadmium environmental inventories in CdTe PV modules with those of Ni–Cd batteries and of coal fuel in power plants. Previous studies are reviewed and their findings assessed in light of new data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - COAL
KW  - FUEL
KW  - POWER plants
KW  - Cadmium emissions
KW  - Cadmium telluride
KW  - Emissions allocation
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Photovoltaics
KW  - Solar cells
N1  - Accession Number: 12436078; Fthenakis, Vasilis M. 1; Email Address: vmf@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Photovoltaic Environmental Health and Safety Assistance Center, Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p303; Subject Term: CADMIUM; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: POWER plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cadmium telluride; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions allocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Life cycle analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photovoltaics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.rser.2003.12.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12436078&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiser, Ryan
AU  - Bachrach, Devra
AU  - Bolinger, Mark
AU  - Golove, William
T1  - Comparing the risk profiles of renewable and natural gas-fired electricity contracts
JO  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
JF  - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
SN  - 13640321
AB  - Electricity policymakers, industry participants, analysts, and even consumers have become acutely aware of the ever-present risks that face the delivery of electricity. Recent instability in the electricity industry illustrates the need for thoughtful resource planning to balance the cost, reliability, and risk of electricity supply. This article evaluates the relative risk profiles of renewable and natural gas generating plants. It does so by analyzing how six different risks are allocated and, if possible, mitigated in long-term power purchase contracts, taking as a contract sample 27 agreements signed by the California Department of Water Resources in 2001. This assessment illustrates some of the significant differences between the risk profiles of natural gas-fired and renewable generation. Renewable energy contracts are shown to provide the most value relative to natural gas-fired contracts by mitigating fuel price and environmental compliance risks. Gas-fired electricity contracts typically provide better protection against short-term demand risk. When it comes to fuel supply, performance, and regulatory risks, the relative value of renewable and gas-fired contracts is ambiguous. We conclude that a better understanding of risks and risk allocation practices will help utilities, regulators, and others make more objective decisions in the future when selecting between renewable and gas-fired electricity supply. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NATURAL gas
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - CONTRACTS
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Electricity contracts
KW  - Natural gas
KW  - Renewable energy
KW  - Risk
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 12436079; Wiser, Ryan 1; Email Address: rhwiser@lbl.gov Bachrach, Devra 2 Bolinger, Mark 1 Golove, William 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Natural Resources Defense Counsel, 71 Stevenson Street, #1825, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p335; Subject Term: NATURAL gas; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: CONTRACTS; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity contracts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Renewable energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.rser.2003.11.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=12436079&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, D. S.
T1  - Instrumentation for trace detection of high explosives.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 75
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2499
EP  - 2512
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - There is at present an urgent need for trace detection of high explosives, with applications to screening of people, packages, luggage, and vehicles. A great concern, because of recent terrorist activities, is for the development of methods that might allow detection and identification of explosives at a stand off distance. Nearly every analytical chemical method has been or is being applied to this problem. This review outlines the properties of explosives that might be utilized in detection schemes, discusses sampling issues, presents recent method developments with particular attention to detection limits, speed of analysis, and portability, and looks towards future developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEMODULATION (Electronics)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - TERRORISM
KW  - MODULATION (Electronics)
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - LUGGAGE
N1  - Accession Number: 14227822; Moore, D. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Group DX-2, MS P952, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 75 Issue 8, p2499; Subject Term: DEMODULATION (Electronics); Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: TERRORISM; Subject Term: MODULATION (Electronics); Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: LUGGAGE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 316990 Other leather and allied product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 316998 All Other Leather Good and Allied Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 448320 Luggage and Leather Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771493
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14227822&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Matt
AU  - Uran, Serif
AU  - Law, Bruce
AU  - Marschand, Lyle
AU  - Lurio, Larry
AU  - Kuzmenko, I.
AU  - Gog, T.
T1  - Ultra-stable oven designed for x-ray reflectometry and ellipsometry studies of liquid surfaces.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 75
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2536
EP  - 2540
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Stable temperature control is highly desirable for reflectivity studies of binary liquid mixtures. In this article we report on the construction of an oven that possesses good temperature stability (∼1 mK/day) and small transverse temperature gradients (<1 mK/cm). The oven has a horizontal geometry and can be used for either x-ray reflectometry or ellipsometry measurements from the liquid/vapor surfaces of such systems. Details of the oven design together with test results are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFLECTOMETER
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - TEMPERATURE inversions
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 14227817; Brown, Matt 1 Uran, Serif 1 Law, Bruce 1; Email Address: bmlaw@phys.ksu.edu Marschand, Lyle 2 Lurio, Larry 2 Kuzmenko, I. 3 Gog, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-2601  2: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115  3: CMC-CAT (Sector 9), Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 75 Issue 8, p2536; Subject Term: REFLECTOMETER; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE inversions; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771496
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14227817&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foord, M. E.
AU  - Reisman, D. B.
AU  - Springer, P. T.
T1  - Determining the equation-of-state isentrope in an isochoric heated plasma.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 75
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2586
EP  - 2589
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A novel method for determining the equation-of-state (EOS) along the release isentrope in an isochoric (constant volume) heated plasma is presented. This approach is demonstrated using simulations of a solid density, 10 eV expanding Al plasma. Determining the material EOS data is validated to pressures near 80 Mbar, much higher than current isentropic compression experiments allow. Limitations at very high temperature (Te>=100 eV), due to the formation of a radiative conduction layer near the rarefaction interface, are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14227808; Foord, M. E. 1; Email Address: foord1@llnl.gov Reisman, D. B. 1 Springer, P. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 75 Issue 8, p2586; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1775313
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14227808&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romero-Talamás, C. A.
AU  - Bellan, P. M.
AU  - Hsu, S. C.
T1  - Multielement magnetic probe using commercial chip inductors.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 75
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 2664
EP  - 2667
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A 60-element magnetic probe array has been constructed using miniature commercial chip inductors. The array consists of twenty clusters of three coils each mounted on a linear fixture. The coils are oriented in orthogonal directions to yield three-dimensional information. The array has been used to investigate magnetic properties of spheromaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC inductors
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - ELECTRIC inductance
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
KW  - MAGNETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14227796; Romero-Talamás, C. A. 1 Bellan, P. M. 1 Hsu, S. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics, Caltech, Pasadena, California 91125  2: P-24 Plasma Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 75 Issue 8, p2664; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductors; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductance; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771483
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14227796&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Studham, Scott
T1  - When Does a Cluster Become Greater than the Sum of its Parts?
JO  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
JF  - Scientific Computing & Instrumentation
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 21
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 44
PB  - Advantage Business Media
SN  - 15242560
AB  - Discusses the concept of a high performance network called the interconnect. Role of the interconnect device to unify amalgamated stations to achieve a supercomputer classification; Device composition; Importance of choosing suitable interconnects to maximize the potential of the unit for solving single large matrix calculations; Recognition of the wide use of the Linux computer operating system to run supercomputers using clusters of Quadrics or Myrinet-based interconnects.
KW  - INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology)
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - SUPERCOMPUTERS
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
N1  - Accession Number: 14232137; Studham, Scott 1; Email Address: sceditor@scimag.com; Affiliation:  1: Associate Director for Advanced Computing, Computational Sciences and Mathematics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 21 Issue 9, p12; Subject Term: INTERCONNECTS (Integrated circuit technology); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: SUPERCOMPUTERS; Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14232137&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balyanov, A.
AU  - Kutnyakova, J.
AU  - Amirkhanova, N.A.
AU  - Stolyarov, V.V.
AU  - Valiev, R.Z.
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Zhao, Y.H.
AU  - Jiang, Y.B.
AU  - Xu, H.F.
AU  - Lowe, T.C.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
T1  - Corrosion resistance of ultra fine-grained Ti
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 229
SN  - 13596462
AB  - We investigated the corrosion behavior of commercially pure (CP) Ti with both ultrafine-grained (UFG) and coarse-grained (CG) microstructures. It was found that the UFG Ti is more resistant to corrosion than its CG counterpart. The superior corrosion resistance of UFG Ti is believed to result from rapid passivation of UFG Ti and the impurity segregation to grain boundaries in CG Ti. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORROSION & anti-corrosives
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP)
KW  - Titanium
KW  - Ultrafine grained microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 13166702; Balyanov, A. 1 Kutnyakova, J. 1 Amirkhanova, N.A. 1 Stolyarov, V.V. 1 Valiev, R.Z. 1 Liao, X.Z. 2 Zhao, Y.H. 2 Jiang, Y.B. 3 Xu, H.F. 3 Lowe, T.C. 2 Zhu, Y.T. 2; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa 450000, K. Marksa 12, Russia  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of New Mexico, NM 87131, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p225; Subject Term: CORROSION & anti-corrosives; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP); Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafine grained microstructure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.04.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13166702&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fonda, R.W.
AU  - Bingert, J.F.
AU  - Colligan, K.J.
T1  - Development of grain structure during friction stir welding
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 248
SN  - 13596462
AB  - A stop-action friction stir weld has been prepared in Al–Li 2195 to “freeze in” the dynamic deformation field surrounding the FSW tool. Analysis of a plan-view section of this weld reveals important new details of the grain structure evolution and texture development occurring around the FSW tool. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - WELDING
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Friction stir welding
KW  - Microstructure
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 13166705; Fonda, R.W. 1; Email Address: fonda@anvil.nrl.navy.mil Bingert, J.F. 2 Colligan, K.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6324, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington DC 20375, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA  3: Concurrent Technologies Corporation, Johnstown, PA, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p243; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: WELDING; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction stir welding; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.04.017
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13166705&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McConnell, R.
T1  - Next-Generation Technologies in the USA.
JO  - Semiconductors
JF  - Semiconductors
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 38
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 931
EP  - 935
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637826
AB  - This presentation describes the highlights of exploratory research into next-generation photovoltaic (PV) technologies funded by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) for the purpose of finding disruptive or “leap frog” technologies that have a chance of leaping ahead, both in terms of vastly higher conversion efficiencies and greater penetration of the PV energy marketplace. Next-generation PV technologies are defined as those not in production or only in limited production because of the need for additional long-term research, development, innovation, and commercialization. Since 1999, DOE and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory have funded 33 universities and companies to explore these concepts, with a total annual budget of about $2 million per year. © 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Semiconductors is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14110564; McConnell, R. 1; Email Address: robert_mcconnell@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Photovoltaics, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, CO 80401 -3393, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 38 Issue 8, p931; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1787114
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14110564&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moon, Paula
AU  - Sandí, Giselle
AU  - Stevens, Deborah
AU  - Kizilel, Riza
T1  - Computational Modeling of Ionic Transport in Continuous and Batch Electrodialysis#.
JO  - Separation Science & Technology
JF  - Separation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2531
EP  - 2555
SN  - 01496395
AB  - It is informed that Electrodialysis (ED) is an electrochemical process used for removing ions in an aqueous solution. The application of an electrical potential difference between two electrodes in contact with membranes and an aqueous ionic solution generates an electric field. The electric field creates the basis for the migration of ions across ion-exchange membranes. The ion-exchange membranes used in ED are thin, uniform sheets containing a fixed charge. The fixed charges attached to the polymer chains of the membranes reject ions of the same charge. As a result, the membrane maintains a relatively high concentration of counter ions. These counter ions carry most of the electric current through the membrane.
KW  - ELECTRODIALYSIS
KW  - DIALYSIS (Chemistry)
KW  - ION-permeable membranes
KW  - MEMBRANES (Technology)
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 14114232; Moon, Paula 1; Email Address: pmoon@anl.gov. Sandí, Giselle 2 Stevens, Deborah 1 Kizilel, Riza 3; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science, Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA.  3: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 11, p2531; Subject Term: ELECTRODIALYSIS; Subject Term: DIALYSIS (Chemistry); Subject Term: ION-permeable membranes; Subject Term: MEMBRANES (Technology); Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: DIFFUSION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621492 Kidney Dialysis Centers; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SS-200026714
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14114232&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilkening, Jon
AU  - Borucki, Len
AU  - Sethian, J. A.
T1  - ANALYSIS OF STRESS-DRIVEN GRAIN BOUNDARY DIFFUSION.  PART I.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 64
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1839
EP  - 1863
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - The stress-driven grain boundary diffusion problem is a continuum model of mass transport phenomena in microelectronic circuits due to high current densities (electromigration) and gradients in normal stress along grain boundaries. The model involves coupling many different equations and phenomena, and difficulties such as nonlocality, complex geometry, and singularities in the stress tensor have left open such mathematical questions as existence of solutions and compatibility of boundary conditions. In this paper and its companion, we address these issues and establish a firm mathematical foundation for this problem. We use techniques from semigroup theory to prove that the problem is well posed and that the stress field relaxes to a steady state distribution which, in the nondegenerate case, balances the electromigration force along grain boundaries. Our analysis shows that while the role of electromigration is important, it is the interplay among grain growth, stress generation, and mass transport that is responsible for the diffusive nature of the problem. Electromigration acts as a passive driving force that determines the steady state stress distribution, but it is not responsible for the dynamics that drive the system to steady state. We also show that stress singularities may develop near grain boundary junctions; however, stress components directly involved in the diffusion process remain finite for all time. Thus, we have identified a mechanism by which large "hidden" stresses may develop that are not directly involved in the diffusion process but may play a role in void nucleation and stress-induced damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - KIRKENDALL effect
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - diffusion
KW  - elasticity
KW  - electromigration
KW  - grain boundary
KW  - semigroups
N1  - Accession Number: 15116641; Wilkening, Jon 1; Email Address: wilken@cims.nyu.edu Borucki, Len 2; Email Address: Len.Borucki@intelligentplanar.com Sethian, J. A. 3; Email Address: sethian@math.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York, NY 10012.  2: Motorola, Inc., Tempe, AZ 85284.  3: Department of Mathematics and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94721.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 64 Issue 6, p1839; Subject Term: KIRKENDALL effect; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: elasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: electromigration; Author-Supplied Keyword: grain boundary; Author-Supplied Keyword: semigroups; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036139903438235
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15116641&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Gregory H.
T1  - MINIMAL ROTATIONALLY INVARIANT BASES FOR HYPERELASTICITY.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 64
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2050
EP  - 2075
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - Rotationally invariant polynomial bases of the hyperelastic strain energy function are rederived using methods of group theory, invariant theory, and computational algebra. A set of minimal basis functions is given for each of the 11 Laue groups, with a complete set of rewriting syzygies. The ideal generated from this minimal basis agrees with the classic work of Smith and Rivlin [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 88 (1958), pp. 175-193]. However, the structure of the invariant algebra described here calls for fewer terms, beginning with the fourth degree in strain, for most groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GROUP theory
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - elasticity
KW  - Gröbner bases
KW  - hyperelasticity
KW  - integrity basis
KW  - symmetry
N1  - Accession Number: 15116654; Miller, Gregory H. 1,2; Email Address: grgmiller@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616.  2: Applied Numerical Algorithms Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 64 Issue 6, p2050; Subject Term: GROUP theory; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: elasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gröbner bases; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperelasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrity basis; Author-Supplied Keyword: symmetry; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036139903438776
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15116654&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falgout, Robert D.
AU  - Vassilevski, Panayot S.
T1  - ON GENERALIZING THE ALGEBRAIC MULTIGRID FRAMEWORK.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
JF  - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1669
EP  - 1693
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361429
AB  - We present a theory for algebraic multigrid (AMG) methods that allows for general smoothing processes and general coarsening approaches. The goal of the theory is to provide guidance in the development of new, more robust, AMG algorithms. In particular, we introduce several compatible relaxation methods and give theoretical justification for their use as tools for measuring the quality of coarse grids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGEBRAIC functions
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - RELAXATION methods (Mathematics)
KW  - JUSTIFICATION (Theory of knowledge)
KW  - algebraic multigrid
KW  - compatible relaxation
N1  - Accession Number: 16195843; Falgout, Robert D. 1; Email Address: rfalgout@llnl.gov Vassilevski, Panayot S. 1; Email Address: panayot@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-561, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p1669; Subject Term: ALGEBRAIC functions; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: RELAXATION methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: JUSTIFICATION (Theory of knowledge); Author-Supplied Keyword: algebraic multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: compatible relaxation; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036142903429742
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16195843&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Q.
AU  - Hou, S.S.
AU  - Schmidt-Rohr, K.
T1  - A simple scheme for probehead background suppression in one-pulse 1H NMR
JO  - Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 15
SN  - 09262040
AB  - A very simple method for reducing probehead background signal in one-pulse 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra is presented. Two one-pulse spectra are recorded, the first with pulse length <f>tp1</f>, the second with an L-times longer pulse, e.g. with <f>L=2</f>. The second spectrum scaled by <f>1/L</f> is subtracted from the first. Since the weak pulses experienced by spins outside the coil are in the linear regime, the background from outside the coil is effectively subtracted out. The background suppression efficiency is approximately 1.5<f>b2</f>, where <f>b</f> is the ratio of the <f>B1</f> field inside the coil relative to that outside the coil. Experimentally, background suppression by at least a factor of 10 was achieved. Examples of background suppression in 1H wideline as well as 1H fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) one-pulse spectra of clay and polymer samples are shown. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRIC coils
N1  - Accession Number: 13176084; Chen, Q. 1 Hou, S.S. 1 Schmidt-Rohr, K.; Email Address: srohr@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3111, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRIC coils; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2003.08.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13176084&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bontchev, Ranko P.
AU  - Moore, Robert C.
T1  - A series of open-framework tin(II) phosphates: A[Sn4(PO4)3] (A=Na, K, NH4)
JO  - Solid State Sciences
JF  - Solid State Sciences
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 6
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 867
EP  - 873
SN  - 12932558
AB  - A new series of isostructural open-framework tin(II) phosphates with general formula A[Sn4(PO4)3], where A=Na, K, NH4, has been synthesized by hydrothermal methods. The crystal structures of NaSn4(PO4)3 (I) and KSn4(PO4)3 (II) have been solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Both phases crystallize in the trigonal space group <f>R3c</f> (#161) with <f>Z=6</f> and cell parameters <f>a=9.5508(13)</f> Å, <f>c=24.083(3)</f> Å for I, and <f>a=9.7124(11)</f> Å, <f>c=24.363(3)</f> Å for II. The structure consists of a negatively charged [Sn4(PO4)3]- framework with channels running parallel to the <f>a</f>- and <f>b</f>-axes where the charge compensating A+ cations are located. An interesting feature is that half of the channels are empty due to the specific geometry of the SnO3 units—the lone electron pair of the tin atoms “protrudes” in these channels thus preventing the insertion of A+. The new phases have also been characterized by infrared and thermogravimetric analyses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIN
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Infrared spectra
KW  - Open frameworks
KW  - Tin(II) phosphates
N1  - Accession Number: 14101482; Bontchev, Ranko P.; Email Address: rpbontc@sandia.gov Moore, Robert C. 1; Email Address: rcmoore@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0779, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0779, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 6 Issue 8, p867; Subject Term: TIN; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Open frameworks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin(II) phosphates; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2004.01.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, C.Z.
T1  - Physics of Substorm Growth Phase, Onset, and Dipolarization.
JO  - Space Science Reviews
JF  - Space Science Reviews
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 113
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 270
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00386308
AB  - A new scenario of substorm growth phase, onset and dipolarization during expansion phase and the corresponding physical processes are presented. During the growth phase, as a result of enhanced plasma convection, the plasma pressure and its gradient continue to be enhanced over the quiet-time values in the plasma sheet. Toward the late growth phase, a strong cross-tail current sheet is formed in the near-Earth plasma sheet region, where a local magnetic well is formed. The equatorial plasma beta (βeq) can reach a local maximum with value larger than 50 and the cross-tail current density can be enhanced to over 10nA/m2 as obtained from 3D quasi-static magnetospheric equilibrium solutions for the growth phase. The most unstable kinetic ballooning instabilities (KBI) are expected to be located in the tailward side of the strong cross-tail current sheet region. The field lines in the most unstable KBI region map to the transition region between the region-l and region-2 currents in the ionosphere, which is consistent with the observed initial brightening location of the breakup arc in the intense proton precipitation region. The KBI explains the AMPTE/CCE observations that a low frequency instability with a wave period of 50–75 seconds is excited about 2–3 min prior to substorm onset and grows exponentially to a large amplitude at the onset of current disruption (or current reduction). At the onset of current disruption higher frequency instabilities are excited so that the plasma and electromagnetic field fluctuations form a strong turbulent state. Plasma transport takes place due to the strong turbulence to relax the ambient plasma pressure profile so that the plasma pressure and current density are reduced and the ambient magnetic field intensity increases by more than a factor of 2–3 in the high-βeq region and the field line geometry recovers from tail-like to dipole-like – dipolarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Space Science Reviews is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - CONVECTION (Meteorology)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MAGNETIC traps
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - DIELECTRIC relaxation
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC circulation
N1  - Accession Number: 14579012; Cheng, C.Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08543; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 113 Issue 1/2, p207; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: CONVECTION (Meteorology); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MAGNETIC traps; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: DIELECTRIC relaxation; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC circulation; Number of Pages: 64p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorman, D. M.
AU  - Gruenewald, P. J.
AU  - Hanlon, P. J.
AU  - Mezic, Igor
AU  - Waller, Lance A.
AU  - Castillo-Chavez, Carlos
AU  - Bradley, Elizabeth
AU  - Mezic, Jadranka
T1  - Implications of Systems Dynamic Models and Control Theory for Environmental Approaches to the Prevention of Alcohol- and Other Drug Use-Related Problems.
JO  - Substance Use & Misuse
JF  - Substance Use & Misuse
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 39
IS  - 10-12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1713
EP  - 1750
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10826084
AB  - The approach described in this article is premised on the idea that drug and alcohol use-related problems are heterogeneously distributed with respect to population and geography, and therefore, are essentially local problems. More specifically, it is argued that viewing a local community as an interacting set of systems that support or buffer the occurrence of specific substance misuse outcomes, opens up to research two important prospects. The first of these involves creating adequate systems models that can capture the primary community structures and relationships that support public health problems such as alcohol and drug misuse and related outcomes. The second entails rationally testing control strategies that have the potential to moderate or reduce these problems. Understanding and controlling complex dynamic systems models nowadays pervades all scientific disciplines, and it is to research in areas such as biology, ecology, engineering, computer sciences, and mathematics that researchers in the field of addictions must turn to in order to better study the complexity that confronts them as they try to understand and prevent problems resulting from alcohol and drug use and misuse. Here we set out what such a systems-based understanding of alcohol- and drug use-related problems will require and discuss its implications for public policy and prevention programming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DRINKING of alcoholic beverages
KW  - DRUG abuse
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
KW  - MEDICAL research
KW  - PREVENTION of alcoholism
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Complexity.
KW  - Control theory
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Environmental intervention
KW  - Systems dynamic models
N1  - Accession Number: 15123685; Gorman, D. M. 1; Email Address: gorman@srph.tamushsc.edu. Gruenewald, P. J. 2 Hanlon, P. J. 3 Mezic, Igor 4 Waller, Lance A. 5 Castillo-Chavez, Carlos 6 Bradley, Elizabeth 7 Mezic, Jadranka 8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA.  2: Prevention Research Center, Berkeley, California, USA.  3: Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.  4: Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA.  5: Department of Bio statistics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.  6: Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.  7: Department of Computer Science, Unviersity of Colorado, Boulder, USA.  8: Alcohol and Drug User Counselor, Santa Barbara, California, USA.; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 10-12, p1713; Subject Term: DRINKING of alcoholic beverages; Subject Term: DRUG abuse; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Subject Term: MEDICAL research; Subject Term: PREVENTION of alcoholism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alcohol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complexity.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Control theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drugs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental intervention; Author-Supplied Keyword: Systems dynamic models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 722410 Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 38p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/JA-200033215
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Varga, K.
AU  - Wang, L.G.
AU  - Pantelides, S.T.
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Critical layer thickness in Stranski–Krastanow growth of Ge on Si(0 0 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 562
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - L225
EP  - L230
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Using first-principles total energy calculations within density functional theory, we assess quantitatively the relative importance of different types of surface reconstructions in defining the critical layer thickness, <f>hc</f>, for islanding in Stranski–Krastanow growth of Ge on Si(0 0 1). We show that, if the (2 × 1) reconstruction of the Si(0 0 1) substrate were assumed to be preserved at the growth front of the Ge overlayer, an underestimated <f>hc</f> would be obtained. In contrast, proper inclusion of the dimer buckling and the appearance of the (<f>2×N</f>) superstructure as the first strain-relieving mechanisms leads to delayed islanding, with <f>hc</f> equal to the experimental value of 3–4 monolayers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - GERMANIUM compounds
KW  - SILICON
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Epitaxy
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Growth
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface energy
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 13806361; Varga, K. 1,2; Email Address: vargak@ornl.gov Wang, L.G. 2,3 Pantelides, S.T. 2,4 Zhang, Zhenyu 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Solid State Theory, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 562 Issue 1-3, pL225; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: GERMANIUM compounds; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.149
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13806361&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yeh, V.
AU  - Yakes, M.
AU  - Hupalo, M.
AU  - Tringides, M.C.
T1  - Low temperature formation of numerous phases in Pb/Si(1 1 1)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 562
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - L238
EP  - L244
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The formation of numerous (∼15) phases within a narrow coverage range <f>6/5<θ<4/3</f> ML found in Pb/Si(1 1 1) is an excellent candidate for the “Devil''s Staircase”. With SPA-LEED and STM it was found that these phases are built from two generating phases and extend over macroscopic distances (∼0.5 mm) which requires extraordinary coverage uniformity. Very surprisingly, these phases form after stepwise coverage deposition at <f>T∼120</f> K which indicates an unusual pathway of low temperature self-organization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW energy electron diffraction
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - SILICON
KW  - Lead
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions)
N1  - Accession Number: 13806363; Yeh, V. 1 Yakes, M. 1 Hupalo, M. 1 Tringides, M.C.; Email Address: tringides@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory––USDOE, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 562 Issue 1-3, pL238; Subject Term: LOW energy electron diffraction; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions); NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.05.133
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13806363&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rubinstein, Robert
AU  - Zhou, Ye
T1  - Turbulence modeling for the axially rotating pipe from the viewpoint of analytical closures.
JO  - Theoretical & Computational Fluid Dynamics
JF  - Theoretical & Computational Fluid Dynamics
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 17
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 299
EP  - 312
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09354964
AB  - A single-point model eddy viscosity model of rotation effects on the turbulent flow in an axially rotating pipe is developed based on two-point closure theories. Rotation is known to impede energy transfer in turbulence; this fact is reflected in the present model through a reduced eddy viscosity, leading to laminarization of the mean velocity profile and return to a laminar friction law in the rapid rotation limit. This model is compared with other proposals including linear redistribution effects through the rapid pressure-strain correlation, Richardson number modification of the eddy viscosity in a model of non-rotating turbulence, and the reduction of turbulence through the suppression of near-wall production mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical & Computational Fluid Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - EDDIES
KW  - frame indifference
KW  - mixing length model
KW  - rotating pipe flow
KW  - rotating turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 14700285; Rubinstein, Robert 1; Email Address: r.rubinstein@larc.nasa.gov Zhou, Ye 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Computational Modeling and Simulation Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USA  2: Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5/6, p299; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: EDDIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: frame indifference; Author-Supplied Keyword: mixing length model; Author-Supplied Keyword: rotating pipe flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: rotating turbulence; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00162-004-0111-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Facciotti, Marc T.
AU  - Rouhani-Manshadi, Shahab
AU  - Glaeser, Robert M.
T1  - Energy transduction in transmembrane ion pumps
JO  - Trends in Biochemical Sciences
JF  - Trends in Biochemical Sciences
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 29
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 451
SN  - 09680004
AB  - Recent crystallographic structures of three different ion pumps provide a first view of the mechanisms by which these molecular machines transfer ions across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient. Each of the structures reinforces the concept that several buried counter ions have central roles in substrate recruitment, substrate binding and energy transduction during ion pumping. The spatial organization of the counter ions suggests that, initially, one or more counter ions lowers the Born energy cost of binding a substrate ion in the low-dielectric interior of the membrane. Subsequently, a ligand-induced conformational change seems to close a charged access gate to prevent backflow from a subsequent, low-affinity state of the pump. A final role of the buried counter ions might be to couple the input of external energy to a small charge separation between the substrate ion and the buried counter ions, thereby decreasing the binding affinity for the substrate ion in preparation for its release on the high-energy side of the membrane. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Biochemical Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION pumps
KW  - GENETIC transduction
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - IONS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL transport
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 13955812; Facciotti, Marc T. 1 Rouhani-Manshadi, Shahab 2 Glaeser, Robert M. 3; Email Address: rmglaeser@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Systems Biology, 1441 North 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103, USA  2: Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, and Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p445; Subject Term: ION pumps; Subject Term: GENETIC transduction; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL transport; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tibs.2004.06.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinnaduwage, L.A.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Gehl, A.
AU  - Wilson, S.D.
AU  - Hedden, D.L.
AU  - Lareau, R.T.
T1  - Desorption characteristics of uncoated silicon microcantilever surfaces for explosive and common nonexplosive vapors
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 100
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 216
SN  - 03043991
AB  - We measured the desorption of explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), and hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) vapors from piezoresistive silicon microcantilevers under ambient air. Depending on the amount of vapor loaded on the cantilever, TNT desorption took a few minutes to tens of minutes (for nanogram quantities). On the other hand, no significant loss of PETN or RDX was observed after many hours. We also measured desorption of common “nonexplosive” compounds (water, acetone, and ethyl alcohol) and observed that desorption was too fast to be measured. There is a good correlation between the desorption time and the melting point (or the vapor pressure) of a particular substance. In principle, this method can be used to measure desorption rates of various substances from cantilever surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-stimulated desorption
KW  - TNT (Chemical)
KW  - PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - Desorption
KW  - Explosive
KW  - Microcantiliver
KW  - PETN
KW  - RDX
KW  - TNT
N1  - Accession Number: 13624350; Pinnaduwage, L.A. 1; Email Address: llp@ornl.gov Thundat, T. 1 Gehl, A. 1 Wilson, S.D. 1 Hedden, D.L. 1 Lareau, R.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: US Department of Homeland Security, Atlantic City, NJ 08405, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 100 Issue 3/4, p211; Subject Term: ELECTRON-stimulated desorption; Subject Term: TNT (Chemical); Subject Term: PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate; Subject Term: VAPORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantiliver; Author-Supplied Keyword: PETN; Author-Supplied Keyword: RDX; Author-Supplied Keyword: TNT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2003.11.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tian, F.
AU  - Pei, J.H.
AU  - Hedden, D.L.
AU  - Brown, G.M.
AU  - Thundat, T.
T1  - Observation of the surface stress induced in microcantilevers by electrochemical redox processes
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 100
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 223
SN  - 03043991
AB  - The potential-induced surface stress of a solid electrode was investigated in an electrochemical cell. Gold-coated atomic force microscopy microcantilevers were used as working electrodes to measure the current–potential response (by cyclic voltammetry) and simultaneous bending characteristics in solutions of NaNO3 and K3Fe(CN)6/NaNO3. The observed changes of differential surface stress at a microcantilever electrode were attributed to electrochemical-potential-induced changes in surface charge density, ion adsorption/desorption, and electron transfer across the electrode surface. The potential dependent change in stress shows promise for the study of microscopic properties at the solid–electrolyte interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - OXIDATIVE stress
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Deflection
KW  - Electrochemical potential
KW  - Microcantilever
KW  - Surface stress
N1  - Accession Number: 13624351; Tian, F. 1 Pei, J.H. Hedden, D.L. 1 Brown, G.M. 1 Thundat, T.; Email Address: thundattg@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 100 Issue 3/4, p217; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: OXIDATIVE stress; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deflection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcantilever; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface stress; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2003.12.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13624351&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Passian, A.
AU  - Wig, A.
AU  - Lereu, A.L.
AU  - Evans, P.G.
AU  - Meriaudeau, F.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Ferrell, T.L.
T1  - Probing large area surface plasmon interference in thin metal films using photon scanning tunneling microscopy
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 100
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 429
EP  - 436
SN  - 03043991
AB  - The interference of surface plasmons can provide important information regarding the surface features of the hosting thin metal film. We present an investigation of the interference of optically excited surface plasmons in the Kretschmann configuration in the visible spectrum. Large area surface plasmon interference regions are generated at several wavelengths and imaged with the photon scanning tunneling microscope. Furthermore, we discuss the non-retarded dispersion relations for the surface plasmons in the probe–metal system modeled as confocal hyperboloids of revolution in the spheroidal coordinate systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE plasmon resonance
KW  - THIN films
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - OPTICAL detectors
KW  - Dispersion relation
KW  - Interference
KW  - Metal thin films
KW  - Scanning probe microscopy
KW  - Surface plasmons
N1  - Accession Number: 13624373; Passian, A. 1; Email Address: passian@utk.edu Wig, A. 1 Lereu, A.L. 1,2 Evans, P.G. 1 Meriaudeau, F. 3 Thundat, T. 1 Ferrell, T.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Bethel Valley Rd., Bldg. 4500 S, MS 6123, TN 37831-6219, USA  2: Département de physique, Laboratoire d'optique submicronique, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21011 Dijon, France  3: Université de Bourgogne, IUT du Creusot, Le2i, 71200 Le Creusot, France; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 100 Issue 3/4, p429; Subject Term: SURFACE plasmon resonance; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dispersion relation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning probe microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface plasmons; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2003.11.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Birkholzer, Jens T.
AU  - Mukhopadhyay, Sumit
AU  - Tsang, Yvonne W.
T1  - Modeling Seepage into Heated Waste Emplacement Tunnels in Unsaturated Fractured Rock.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - Predicting the amount of water that may seep into waste emplacement tunnels  (drifts) is important for assessing the performance of the proposed geologic  repository for high-level radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The  repository will be located in thick, partially saturated fractured tuff that--for  the first several hundred years after emplacement--will be heated to  above-boiling temperatures as a result of heat generation from the decay of  radioactive waste. Heating of rock water to above-boiling conditions induces  water saturation changes and perturbs water fluxes that affect the potential for  water seepage into drifts. We describe numerical analyses of the coupled  thermal-hydrological (TH) processes in the vicinity of waste emplacement drifts,  evaluate the potential of seepage during the heating phase of the repository,  and discuss the implications for the performance of the site. In addition to the  capillary barrier at the rock-drift interface--independent of the thermal  conditions--a second barrier exists to downward percolation at above-boiling  conditions. This barrier is caused by vaporization of water in the fractured  rock overlying the repository. A TOUGH2 dual-permeability simulation model was  developed to analyze the combined effect of these two barriers; it accounts for  all relevant TH processes in response to heating, while incorporating the  capillary barrier condition at the drift wall. Model results are presented for a  variety of simulation cases that cover the expected variability and uncertainty  of relevant rock properties and boundary conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Ebullition
KW  - Underground construction
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14408548; Birkholzer, Jens T. 1; Email Address: jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov; Mukhopadhyay, Sumit 1; Tsang, Yvonne W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1  Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Subject Term: Seepage; Subject Term: Ebullition; Subject Term: Underground construction; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doughty, Christine
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - Modeling Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Injection in Heterogeneous Porous Media.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - We investigate the physical processes that occur during the sequestration of CO2  in liquid-saturated, brine-bearing geologic formations using the numerical  simulator TOUGH2. Carbon dioxide is injected in a supercritical state that has a  much lower density and viscosity than the liquid brine it displaces. In situ,  the supercritical CO2 forms a gas-like phase, and also partially dissolves in  the aqueous phase, creating a multiphase, multicomponent environment that shares  many important features with the vadose zone. The flow and transport simulations  employ an equation of state package that treats a two-phase (liquid, gas),  three-component (water, salt, CO2) system. Chemical reactions between CO2 and  rock minerals that could potentially contribute to mineral trapping of CO2 are  not included. The geological setting considered is a fluvial/deltaic formation  that is strongly heterogeneous, making preferential flow a significant effect,  especially when coupled with the strong buoyancy forces acting on the gas-like  CO2 plume. Key model development issues include vertical and lateral grid  resolution, grid orientation effects, and the choice of characteristic curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Sequestration (Chemistry)
KW  - Brine storage reservoirs
KW  - Formations (Geology)
KW  - Equations of state
N1  - Accession Number: 14408549; Doughty, Christine 1; Email Address: cadoughty@lbl.gov; Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron  Rd., MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Sequestration (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Brine storage reservoirs; Subject Term: Formations (Geology); Subject Term: Equations of state; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finsterle, Stefan
T1  - Multiphase Inverse Modeling: Review and iTOUGH2 Applications.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - Calibration of a numerical process model against laboratory or field data is  often referred to as "inverse modeling." As the numerical simulation models  become more complex, the number of parameters to be estimated generally  increases, requiring new testing, modeling, and inversion strategies. The  purpose of this survey is to review inverse modeling approaches for unsaturated  and multiphase flow models. The discussion focuses on applications rather than  theoretical considerations, which have been previously reviewed in the context  of saturated flow and transport modeling. We also examine model parameterization  issues, specifically the representation of heterogeneity through a limited  number of variables that can be subjected to parameter estimation and  uncertainty propagation analyses. Different parameterization strategies are  illustrated using the multiphase flow simulation-optimization code iTOUGH2. A  comprehensive inverse modeling package (such as iTOUGH2, which includes  automatic model calibration followed by an extensive residual, error, and  uncertainty propagation analysis) is an essential tool to improve test design  and data analysis of complex multiphase flow systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Inversion (Geophysics)
KW  - Parameter estimation
KW  - Fluid dynamic measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 14408552; Finsterle, Stefan 1; Email Address: SAFinsterle@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Subject Term: Multiphase flow; Subject Term: Inversion (Geophysics); Subject Term: Parameter estimation; Subject Term: Fluid dynamic measurements; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallagher, Patricia M.
AU  - Finsterle, Stefan
T1  - Physical and Numerical Model of Colloidal Silica Injection for Passive Site Stabilization.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - Passive site stabilization is a new technology proposed for nondisruptive  mitigation of liquefaction risk at developed sites susceptible to liquefaction.  This technology is based on the concept of slow injection of stabilizing  materials at the edge of a site and delivery of the stabilizer to the target  location by using the natural or augmented groundwater flow. In this research, a  box model was used to investigate the ability to uniformly deliver colloidal  silica stabilizer to loose sands using low-head injection and extraction wells.  Five injection wells and two extraction wells were used to deliver stabilizer in  a generally uniform pattern to the loose sand formation. Numerical modeling was  used to identify the key parameters affecting stabilizer migration and to  determine their effective values for the box experiment. In our modeling  approach, the stabilizer is treated as a miscible fluid, the viscosity of which  is a function of time and the concentration of stabilizer in the pore water.  Inverse modeling techniques are employed to reproduce data from the laboratory  experiment for the determination of soil and stabilizer properties. While the  details of the stabilizer distribution were difficult to reproduce with the  simplified conceptual model we used, the overall system behavior was well  captured, providing confidence that numerical simulation is a useful tool for  designing centrifuge model tests, pilot tests, and eventually field  stabilizer-injection projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soil liquefaction
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Colloidal fuel
KW  - Miscible displacement (Petroleum engineering)
N1  - Accession Number: 14408554; Gallagher, Patricia M. 1; Email Address: pmg@drexel.edu; Finsterle, Stefan 2; Affiliations: 1: Drexel University, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental  Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA; 2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Soil liquefaction; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Colloidal fuel; Thesaurus Term: Miscible displacement (Petroleum engineering); Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghezzehei, T. A.
AU  - Trautz, R. C.
AU  - Finsterle, S.
AU  - Cook, P. J.
AU  - Ahlers, C. F.
T1  - Modeling Coupled Evaporation and Seepage in Ventilated Cavities.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - Cavities excavated in unsaturated geological formations are important to  activities such as nuclear waste disposal and mining. Such cavities provide a  unique setting for simultaneous occurrence of seepage and evaporation.  Previously, inverse numerical modeling of field liquid-release tests and  associated seepage into cavities were used to provide seepage-related  large-scale formation properties, ignoring the impact of evaporation. The  applicability of such models was limited to the narrow range of ventilation  conditions under which the models were calibrated. The objective of this study  was to alleviate this limitation by incorporating evaporation into the seepage  models. We modeled evaporation as an isothermal vapor diffusion process. The  semiphysical model accounts for the relative humidity (RH), temperature, and  ventilation conditions of the cavities. The evaporation boundary layer thickness  (BLT) over which diffusion occurs was estimated by calibration against  free-water evaporation data collected inside the experimental cavities. The  estimated values of BLT were 5 to 7 mm for the open underground drifts and 20 mm  for niches closed off by bulkheads. Compared with previous models that neglected  the effect of evaporation, this new approach showed significant improvement in  capturing seepage fluctuations into open cavities of low RH. At high  relative-humidity values (>85%), the effect of evaporation on seepage was very  small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive waste disposal
KW  - Evaporation (Chemistry)
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Formations (Geology)
KW  - Seepage
N1  - Accession Number: 14408547; Ghezzehei, T. A. 1; Email Address: TAGhezzehei@lbl.gov; Trautz, R. C. 1; Finsterle, S. 1; Cook, P. J. 1; Ahlers, C. F. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of  California, MS 90R1116, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720-8126; 2: LFR Levine Fricke, Costa Mesa, CA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive waste disposal; Thesaurus Term: Evaporation (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Subject Term: Formations (Geology); Subject Term: Seepage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeongkon Kim
AU  - Schwartz, Franklin W.
AU  - Tianfu Xu
AU  - Heechul Choi
AU  - Kim, In S.
T1  - Coupled Processes of Fluid Flow, Solute Transport, and Geochemical Reactions in Reactive Barriers.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - A complex pattern of coupling between fluid flow and mass transport develops  when heterogeneous reactions occur. For instance, dissolution and precipitation  reactions can change a porous medium's physical properties, such as pore  geometry and thus permeability. These changes influence fluid flow, which in  turn impacts the composition of dissolved constituents and the solid phases, and  the rate and direction of advective transport. Two-dimensional modeling studies  using TOUGHREACT were conducted to investigate the coupling between flow and  transport developed as a consequence of differences in density,  dissolution-precipitation, and medium heterogeneity. The model includes  equilibrium reactions for aqueous species, kinetic reactions between the solid  phases and aqueous constituents, and full coupling of porosity and permeability  changes resulting from precipitation and dissolution reactions in porous media.  In addition, a new permeability relationship is implemented in TOUGHREACT to  examine the effects of geochemical reactions and density difference on plume  migration in porous media. Generally, the evolutions in the concentrations of  the aqueous phase are intimately related to the reaction-front dynamics.  Plugging of the medium contributed to significant transients in patterns of flow  and mass transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Fluid dynamic measurements
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Inhomogeneous materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14408539; Jeongkon Kim 1; Email Address: jkkim@kowaco.or.kr; Schwartz, Franklin W. 2; Tianfu Xu 3; Heechul Choi 4; Kim, In S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Korea Institute of Water and Environment, Korea Water Resources Corporation,  Daejon, Korea; 2: Department of Geological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH  43210; 3: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA  94720; 4: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of  Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject Term: Mass transfer; Subject Term: Fluid dynamic measurements; Subject Term: Porous materials; Subject Term: Inhomogeneous materials; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oldenburg, Curtis M.
AU  - Unger, André J. A.
T1  - Coupled Vadose Zone and Atmospheric Surface-Layer Transport of Carbon Dioxide from Geologic Carbon Sequestration Sites.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - Geologic CO2 sequestration is being considered as a way to offset fossil  fuel-related CO2 emissions to reduce the rate of increase of atmospheric CO2  concentrations. The accumulation of vast quantities of injected CO2 in geologic  sequestration sites may entail health and environmental risks from potential  leakage and seepage of CO2 into the near-surface environment. We are developing  and applying a coupled subsurface and atmospheric surface-layer modeling  capability built within the framework of the integral finite difference  reservoir simulator TOUGH2. The overall purpose of the modeling studies is to  predict CO2 concentration distributions under a variety of seepage scenarios and  geologic, hydrologic, and atmospheric conditions. These concentration  distributions will provide the basis for determining aboveground and  near-surface instrumentation needs for CO2 sequestration monitoring and  verification, as well as for assessing health, safety, and environmental risks.  A key feature of CO2 is its large density ( = 1.8 kg m-3) relative to air ( =  1.2 kg m-3), a property that may allow small leaks to cause concentrations in  air above the occupational exposure limit of 4% in low-lying and enclosed areas  such as valleys and basements where dilution rates are low. The approach we take  to coupled modeling involves development of T2CA, a TOUGH2 module for modeling  the multicomponent transport of water, brine, CO2, gas tracer, and air in the  subsurface. For the atmospheric surface-layer advection and dispersion, we use a  logarithmic vertical velocity profile to specify constant time-averaged ambient  winds, and atmospheric dispersion approaches to model mixing due to eddies and  turbulence. Initial simulations with the coupled model suggest that atmospheric  dispersion quickly dilutes diffuse CO2 seepage fluxes to negligible  concentrations, and that rainfall infiltration can cause CO2 to return to the  subsurface as a dissolved component in ... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Rain & rainfall
KW  - Seepage
N1  - Accession Number: 14408540; Oldenburg, Curtis M. 1; Email Address: cmoldenburg@lbl.gov; Unger, André J. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA  94720; 2: Earth Sciences Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L  3G1; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Rain & rainfall; Subject Term: Seepage; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - The TOUGH Codes--A Family of Simulation Tools for Multiphase Flow and Transport Processes in Permeable Media.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - Numerical simulation has become a widely practiced and accepted technique for  studying flow and transport processes in the vadose zone and other subsurface  flow systems. This article discusses a suite of codes, developed primarily at  Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), with the capability to model  multiphase flows with phase change. We summarize history and goals in the  development of the TOUGH codes, and present the governing equations for  multiphase, multicomponent flow. Special emphasis is given to space  discretization by means of integral finite differences (IFD). Issues of code  implementation and architecture are addressed, as well as code applications,  maintenance, and future developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Multiphase flow
KW  - Finite differences
KW  - Fluid dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14408559; Pruess, Karsten 1; Email Address: K_Pruess@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of  California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Subject Term: Multiphase flow; Subject Term: Finite differences; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quanlin Zhou
AU  - Birkholzer, Jens T.
AU  - Javandel, Iraj
AU  - Jordan, Preston D.
T1  - Modeling Three-Dimensional Groundwater Flow and Advective Contaminant Transport at a Heterogeneous Mountainous Site in Support of Remediation.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - A calibrated groundwater flow model for a contaminated site can provide  substantial information for assessing and improving hydraulic measures  implemented for remediation. We developed a three-dimensional transient  groundwater flow model for a contaminated mountainous site at which interim  corrective measures were initiated to limit further spreading of contaminants.  This flow model accounts for complex geologic units that vary considerably in  thickness, slope, and hydrogeologic properties, as well as large seasonal  fluctuations of the groundwater table and flow rates. Other significant factors  are local recharge from leaking underground storm drains and recharge from steep  uphill areas. The zonation method was employed to account for the clustering of  high and low hydraulic conductivities measured in a geologic unit. A composite  model was used to represent the bulk effect of thin layers of relatively high  hydraulic conductivity found within bedrock of otherwise low conductivity. The  inverse simulator iTOUGH2 was used to calibrate the model for the distribution  of rock properties. The model was initially calibrated using data collected  between 1994 and 1996. To check the validity of the model, it was subsequently  applied to predicting groundwater level fluctuation and groundwater flux between  1996 and 1998. Comparison of simulated and measured data demonstrated that the  model is capable of predicting the complex flow reasonably well. Advective  transport was approximated using pathways of particles originating from source  areas of the plumes. The advective transport approximation was in good agreement  with the trend of contaminant plumes observed during the same years. The  validated model was then refined to focus on a subsection of the large system.  The refined model showed that most of the hydraulic measures implemented for  remediation are effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Hydrogeology
KW  - Soil permeability
KW  - Fluid dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14408550; Quanlin Zhou 1; Email Address: qlzhou@lbl.gov; Birkholzer, Jens T. 1; Javandel, Iraj 1; Jordan, Preston D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of  California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogeology; Thesaurus Term: Soil permeability; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singleton, Michael J.
AU  - Sonnenthal, Eric L.
AU  - Conrad, Mark E.
AU  - DePaolo, Donald J.
AU  - Gee, Glendon W.
T1  - Multiphase Reactive Transport Modeling of Seasonal Infiltration Events and Stable Isotope Fractionation in Unsaturated Zone Pore Water and Vapor at the Hanford Site.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - Numerical simulations of transport and isotope fractionation provide a method to  quantitatively interpret vadose zone pore water stable isotope depth profiles  based on soil properties, climatic conditions, and infiltration. We incorporate  the temperature-dependent equilibration of stable isotopic species between water  and water vapor, and their differing diffusive transport properties into the  thermodynamic database of the reactive transport code TOUGHREACT. These  simulations are used to illustrate the evolution of stable isotope profiles in  semiarid regions where recharge during wet seasons disturbs the drying profile  traditionally associated with vadose zone pore waters. Alternating wet and dry  seasons lead to annual fluctuations in moisture content, capillary pressure, and  stable isotope compositions in the vadose zone. Periodic infiltration models  capture the effects of seasonal increases in precipitation and predict stable  isotope profiles that are distinct from those observed under drying (zero  infiltration) conditions. After infiltration, evaporation causes a shift to  higher 18O and D values, which are preserved in the deeper pore waters. The  magnitude of the isotopic composition shift preserved in deep vadose zone pore  waters varies inversely with the rate of infiltration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Seepage
KW  - Fluid dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14408551; Singleton, Michael J. 1; Email Address: MJSingleton@lbl.gov; Sonnenthal, Eric L. 1; Conrad, Mark E. 1; DePaolo, Donald J. 1; Gee, Glendon W. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA  94720; 2: Hydrology Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National  Laboratory, Richland, WA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Thesaurus Term: Thermodynamics; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Subject Term: Seepage; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yingqi Zhang
AU  - Oldenburg, Curtis M.
AU  - Benson, Sally M.
T1  - Vadose Zone Remediation of Carbon Dioxide Leakage from Geologic Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Sites.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - In the unlikely event that CO2 leakage from deep geologic CO2 sequestration  sites reaches the vadose zone, remediation measures for removing the CO2 gas  plume may have to be undertaken. Carbon dioxide leakage plumes are similar in  many ways to volatile organic compound (VOC) vapor plumes, and the same  remediation approaches are applicable. We present here numerical simulation  results of passive and active remediation strategies for CO2 leakage plumes in  the vadose zone. The starting time for the remediation scenarios is assumed to  be after a steady-state CO2 leakage plume is established in the vadose zone, and  the source of this plume has been cut off. We consider first passive  remediation, both with and without barometric pumping. Next, we consider active  methods involving extraction wells in both vertical and horizontal  configurations. To compare the effectiveness of the various remediation  strategies, we define a half-life of the CO2 plume as a convenient measure of  the CO2 removal rate. For CO2 removal by passive remediation approaches such as  barometric pumping, thicker vadose zones generally require longer remediation  times. However, for the case of a thin vadose zone where a significant fraction  of the CO2 plume mass resides within the high liquid saturation region near the  water table, the half-life of the CO2 plume without barometric pumping is longer  than for somewhat thicker vadose zones. As for active strategies, results show  that a combination of horizontal and vertical wells is the most effective among  the strategies investigated, as the performance of commonly used multiple  vertical wells was not investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Sequestration (Chemistry)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Soil vapor extraction
KW  - Plumes (Fluid dynamics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14408563; Yingqi Zhang 1; Email Address: yqzhang@lbl.gov; Oldenburg, Curtis M. 1; Benson, Sally M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA  94720; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Thesaurus Term: Sequestration (Chemistry); Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Soil vapor extraction; Subject Term: Plumes (Fluid dynamics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu-Shu Wu
AU  - Guoping Lu
AU  - Keni Zhang
AU  - Bodvarsson, G. S.
T1  - A Mountain-Scale Model for Characterizing Unsaturated Flow and Transport in Fractured Tuffs of Yucca Mountain.
JO  - Vadose Zone Journal
JF  - Vadose Zone Journal
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - N.PAG
AB  - We present a large-scale modeling study characterizing fluid flow and tracer  transport in the unsaturated zone (UZ) of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, the proposed  underground repository site for storing high-level radioactive waste. The  modeling study is conducted using a three-dimensional numerical model, which  incorporates a wide variety of field data and takes into account the coupled  processes of flow and transport in Yucca Mountain's highly heterogeneous,  unsaturated, fractured porous rock. The modeling approach is based on a  dual-continuum formulation. Using different conceptual models of unsaturated  flow, various scenarios of current and future climate conditions and their  effects on the UZ are evaluated to aid in the assessment of the repository's  system performance. These models are calibrated against field-measured data.  Model-predicted flow and transport processes under current and future climates  are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vadose Zone Journal is the property of American Society of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater tracers
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Yucca Mountain (Nev.)
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14408534; Yu-Shu Wu 1; Email Address: yswu@lbl.gov; Guoping Lu 1; Keni Zhang 1; Bodvarsson, G. S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA,  94720; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pN.PAG; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater tracers; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Subject Term: Fluid dynamics; Subject: Yucca Mountain (Nev.); Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Z. Fred
AU  - Ward, Andy L.
AU  - Gee, Glendon W.
T1  - A combined parameter scaling and inverse technique to upscale the unsaturated hydraulic parameters for heterogeneous soils.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/08//
VL  - 40
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Determining a large number of soil hydraulic parameters for heterogeneous soils remains a challenge because inverting for too many parameters can lead to parameter values that are nonunique. Furthermore, such inversions may need very long simulation times, for example, months or more when inverting field-scale problems. In this research, a combined parameter scaling and inverse technique (CPSIT) is proposed to upscale hydraulic parameters from the local scale to the field scale. The CPSIT approach includes two steps: (1) parameter scaling and (2) inverse modeling. In step 1 the number of parameters to be estimated at field scale (FS) is reduced by applying parameter scaling whereby a heterogeneous soil is treated as a composition of multiple equivalent homogeneous media (EHMs). In step 2 the FS parameters for the reference EHM are determined using the inverse technique and observations from well-designed field experiments. The advantages of the CPSIT approach are that the number of parameters to be inverted is reduced by a factor of the number (M) of EHMs, and the simulation time is reduced by a factor of about M2. The CPSIT approach was tested by upscaling the hydraulic parameters using a field injection experiment at the Hanford Site. Results show that when the CPSIT upscaled parameters were used to simulated flow, the mean squared residual was reduced by 83.2% relative to that when the local-scale parameters were used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - heterogeneity
KW  - hydraulic property
KW  - inverse modeling
KW  - unsaturated zone
KW  - upscaling
KW  - vadose zone
N1  - Accession Number: 87144502; Zhang, Z. Fred 1; Ward, Andy L. 1; Gee, Glendon W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 8, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydraulic property; Author-Supplied Keyword: inverse modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: upscaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: vadose zone; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002925
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144502&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneibel, J.H.
AU  - Rawn, C.J.
T1  - Thermal expansion anisotropy of ternary titanium silicides based on Ti5Si3
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 52
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3843
EP  - 3848
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The anisotropy of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of Ti5Si3, defined as the ratio of the CTEs in the <f>c</f> and <f>a</f> directions, has a value of 2.7. In this paper we investigate the influence of ternary alloying additions on this value. Whereas Nb and Ta additions did not change the CTE anisotropy significantly, additions of V, Cr, Zr and Hf reduced it to values close to 2. According to Fu et al.''s ab initio model for the CTE anisotropy in 5–3 compounds with chain structures [Acta Mater. 51 (2003) 5083] the site occupations of the ternary alloying additions are crucial for determining the CTE anisotropy. These site occupations were determined for Zr and Nb additions and are consistent with the observed CTE anisotropy values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Intermetallic phases
KW  - Thermal expansion
KW  - Transition metal silicides
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13702055; Schneibel, J.H.; Email Address: schneibeljh@ornl.gov Rawn, C.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 13, p3843; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transition metal silicides; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.04.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Hashimoto, N.
AU  - Farrell, K.
T1  - Temperature dependence of strain hardening and plastic instability behaviors in austenitic stainless steels
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 52
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3889
EP  - 3899
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The temperature dependencies of true strain-hardening and plastic-instability properties are investigated for austenitic stainless steels; including annealed 304, 316, 316LN, and 20% cold-worked 316LN, at test temperatures from -150 to 450 °C. In both annealed and cold-worked conditions, strength decreases with increasing temperature, while ductility peaks below room temperature and is least at about 400 °C. At room temperature or below, the strain-hardening behavior exhibits two stages consisting of a rapid decrease for small strains and an increase-decrease cycle before plastic instability occurs. At higher temperatures the strain-hardening rate decreases monotonically with strain. The characteristics of these strain-hardening behaviors are explained by changes in deformation microstructure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the deformed 316LN steel shows that twins, stacking faults, and/or martensite laths, along with dislocations, are formed at subzero temperatures, and dislocation-dominant microstructures at elevated temperatures. It is also shown that the average strain-hardening rate during necking to failure is almost equal to the true stress at the onset of necking. This stress is called the plastic instability stress (PIS). Cold-worked specimens fail by prompt necking at yield when the yield stress exceeds the PIS of annealed material, indicating that the PIS is independent of prior cold work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - STEEL alloys
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Austenitic stainless steels
KW  - Plastic instability stress
KW  - Strain-hardening behavior
KW  - Temperature dependence
N1  - Accession Number: 13702060; Byun, T.S.; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov Hashimoto, N. 1 Farrell, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6151, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Ms-6151 Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 13, p3889; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: STEEL alloys; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Austenitic stainless steels; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic instability stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain-hardening behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature dependence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.05.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ge, D.
AU  - Domnich, V.
AU  - Juliano, T.
AU  - Stach, E.A.
AU  - Gogotsi, Y.
T1  - Structural damage in boron carbide under contact loading
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 52
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3921
EP  - 3927
SN  - 13596454
AB  - A systematic study of mechanical deformation of boron carbide under contact loading is conducted using scratching and depth-sensing indentation (nanoindentation). Both single crystal and polycrystalline materials are investigated by means of Raman microspectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). High resolution TEM images of scratch debris reveal various microstructural changes including formation of nanocrystals, as well as lattice shearing and distortion on nanoscale. Deformation bands and microcracks oriented along the (1 1 3) planes are visible in cross-sectional TEM micrographs of indentations. Narrow amorphous bands and local disordered areas are observed in plan-view TEM images. Evidence for a high-pressure amorphous phase is also presented. It is concluded that scratching and nanoindentation change the microstructure of boron carbide in a similar manner. In addition, the evidence for formation of sp2 hybridized carbon as a result of structural changes induced by contact loading is found by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - Boron carbide
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Raman spectroscopy
KW  - Scratch test
KW  - Transmission Electron Microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13702063; Ge, D. 1,2 Domnich, V. 1 Juliano, T. 1 Stach, E.A. 2 Gogotsi, Y. 1; Email Address: yg36@drexel.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, A.J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 13, p3921; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scratch test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission Electron Microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.05.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13702063&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Russell, A.M.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
AU  - Lo, C.C.H.
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
AU  - Morris, J.R.
AU  - Ye, Y.
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
AU  - Slager, A.J.
T1  - Mechanical properties of single crystal YAg
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 52
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 4033
EP  - 4040
SN  - 13596454
AB  - YAg, a rare earth-precious metal “line compound”, is one member of the family of B2 rare earth intermetallic compounds that exhibit high ductilities. Tensile tests of polycrystalline YAg specimens have produced elongations as high as 27% before failure. In the present work, single crystal specimens of YAg with the B2, CsCl-type crystal structure were tensile tested at room temperature. Specimens with a tensile axis orientation of <f>[0 1 &1macr;]</f> displayed slip lines on the specimen faces corresponding to slip on the <f>{1 1 0}〈0 1 0〉</f> with a critical resolved shear stress of 13 MPa. A specimen with a tensile axis orientation of [1 0 0] showed no slip lines and began to crack at a stress of 300 MPa. The test specimens also displayed some slip lines whose position corresponded to slip on the <f>{1 0 0}〈0 1 0〉</f>; these slip lines were found near intersections of <f>{1 1 0}〈0 1 0〉</f> slip lines, which suggests that the <f>{1 0 0}〈0 1 0〉</f> may be a secondary slip system in YAg. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) examination of the crystals was performed after tensile testing and the dislocations observed were analyzed by g <f>·</f> b=0 out of contrast analysis. This TEM analysis indicated that the predominant Burgers vector for the dislocations present was <f>〈1 1 1〉</f> with some <f>〈0 1 1〉</f> dislocations also being observed. This finding is inconsistent with the <f>〈0 1 0〉</f> slip direction determined by slip line analysis, and possible explanations for this surprising finding are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - NONFERROUS metals
KW  - METALS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - Intermetallic phases
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Rare earth
KW  - Slip systems
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - Yttrium-silver
KW  - Dislocation
N1  - Accession Number: 13702074; Russell, A.M. 1,2; Email Address: russell@iastate.edu Zhang, Z. 1 Lograsso, T.A. 1,2 Lo, C.C.H. 3 Pecharsky, A.O. 1 Morris, J.R. 1,4 Ye, Y. 1 Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 1,2 Slager, A.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (U.S.D.O.E.), Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 3109 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Center for Nondestructive Evaluation, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  4: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 13, p4033; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: NONFERROUS metals; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare earth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slip systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yttrium-silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: Spanish; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331491 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.05.019
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13702074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allain, Leonardo R.
AU  - Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N.
AU  - Vo-Dinh, Tuan
T1  - Investigation of microfabrication of biological sample arrays using piezoelectric and bubble-jet printing technologies
JO  - Analytica Chimica Acta
JF  - Analytica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 518
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 77
EP  - 85
SN  - 00032670
AB  - Modified commercial ink-jet printers are simple and cost-effective tools for the fabrication of microarrays containing biological samples. In this paper, the two most common ink-dispensing technologies, thermal and piezoelectric, were investigated, tested, and compared in terms of their ease of use and spotting quality. Ink cartridges were used as sample reservoirs and refilled with small volumes (as low as 20 μL) of water-based sample solutions containing herring sperm DNA and fluorescent dyes. Different solution compositions were evaluated and compared. Microscopic spots (<200 μm) were printed on various membranes (cellulose, nylon, nitrocellulose, and Zeta-Probe) and glass microscope slides. This technique enabled rapid preparation of a large number of printed arrays of biological materials at extremely low cost. To further demonstrate the utility of the microarray platform, we performed an assay of Bacillus anthracis, detected through DNA hybridization using fluorescent probes complementary to the B. anthracis target printed on a membrane. A comparison of Zeta-Probe and nylon membranes yielded less non-specific binding when using the Zeta-Probe membrane. In addition, detection of 100 fmol of the target per printed spot was demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC devices
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC ceramics
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC device industry
KW  - DIELECTRIC devices
KW  - Array
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Bubble-jet
KW  - Hybridization
KW  - Ink-jet
KW  - Microarray
KW  - Spotting
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 13854889; Allain, Leonardo R. 1 Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N. 2; Email Address: dstratis-cullum@arl.army.mil Vo-Dinh, Tuan 3; Email Address: vodinht@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Merck and Company, Pharmaceutical Analysis and Control, P.O. Box 4, MS 14-2E, West Point, PA 19486, USA  2: US Army Research Laboratory, AMSRL-SE-EO, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA  3: Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Technologies Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 518 Issue 1/2, p77; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC ceramics; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC device industry; Subject Term: DIELECTRIC devices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillus anthracis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bubble-jet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybridization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ink-jet; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microarray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spotting; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.aca.2004.04.065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13854889&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sell, Curtis
AU  - Christensen, Caleb
AU  - Muehlmeier, Jason
AU  - Tuttle, Gary
AU  - Zhi-Yuan Li
AU  - Kai-Ming Ho
T1  - Integrated horns for improved side coupling into in-plane three-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 707
EP  - 709
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We examine the frequency response and radiation patterns for horn antennas constructed into a three-dimensional layer-by-layer photonic crystal. These horns resemble a pyramidal cavity and can be built by omitting material during the construction or by removing material from the finished crystal. The horns can be used to couple electromagnetic waves that are incident on the surface of a photonic crystal into an in-plane waveguide within the crystal. The horns are of a design suitable for use at optical frequencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HORN antennas
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 13926122; Sell, Curtis 1,2 Christensen, Caleb 1 Muehlmeier, Jason 1 Tuttle, Gary 1; Email Address: gtuttle@iastate.edu Zhi-Yuan Li 3,4 Kai-Ming Ho 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Iowa Thin Film Technologies, 2337 230th Street, Boone, Iowa 50036  3: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  4: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100080, China; Source Info: 8/2/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 5, p707; Subject Term: HORN antennas; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1772860
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Afanasyev-Charkin, I. V.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Synergism between low-energy neutral particles and energetic ions in the pulsed glow discharge deposition of diamond-like carbon films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 718
EP  - 720
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Diamond-like carbon films were deposited using pulsed glow discharge deposition at 4 kV. The duty factor was varied and all other parameters were kept constant. It was shown that the contribution of neutral particles to the total number of deposition atoms is much larger than that of energetic ions. At the same time, there is a relationship between the deposition of neutral particles and ion bombardment. The sticking coefficient of the neutral particles in proportional to the flux of energetic ions and does not exceed 5×10-4 for the deposition parameters used in our experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CARBON
KW  - GLOW discharges
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 13926118; Afanasyev-Charkin, I. V. 1; Email Address: ivan@lanl.gov Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 8/2/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 5, p718; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: GLOW discharges; Subject Term: ION bombardment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1775876
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kucheyev, S. O.
AU  - Felter, T. E.
AU  - Anthamatten, M.
AU  - Bradby, J. E.
T1  - Deformation behavior of ion-irradiated polyimide.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 733
EP  - 735
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We study nanoindentation hardness, Young’s modulus, and tensile strength of polyimide (Kapton H) films bombarded with MeV light ions in the predominantly electronic stopping power regime. Results show that, for all the ion irradiation conditions studied, bombardment increases the hardness and Young’s modulus and decreases the tensile strength. These changes depend close to linearly on ion fluence and superlinearly (with a power-law exponent factor of ∼1.5) on electronic energy loss. Physical mechanisms of radiation-induced changes to mechanical properties of polyimide are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYIMIDES
KW  - THIN films
KW  - KAPTON (Trademark)
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 13926113; Kucheyev, S. O. 1; Email Address: kucheyev1@llnl.gov Felter, T. E. 1 Anthamatten, M. 1,2 Bradby, J. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627  3: Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; Source Info: 8/2/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 5, p733; Subject Term: POLYIMIDES; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: KAPTON (Trademark); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1776618
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13926113&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanan Xiao
AU  - Wittmer, Dale E.
AU  - Izumi, Fujio
AU  - Mini, Susan
AU  - Graber, Tim
AU  - Viccaro, P. James
T1  - Determination of cations distribution in Mn3O4 by anomalous x-ray powder diffraction.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 736
EP  - 738
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The oxidation states of Mn at two different crystallographic sites in the distorted spinel structure of Mn3O4 were determined by the approach of anomalous synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction. The real parts of anomalous scattering factors for the two Mn sites were refined from a series of powder diffraction patterns collected at the vicinity of K absorption edge of Mn. The results of Rietveld refinements showed that the two distinct cation sites can obviously be distinguished from each other and that Mn2+ ions occupy the tetrahedral site and Mn3+ ions are located at the octahedral site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - SPINEL
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13926112; Yanan Xiao 1,2; Email Address: xiao@aps.anl.gov Wittmer, Dale E. 1,2 Izumi, Fujio 3 Mini, Susan 4,5 Graber, Tim 2 Viccaro, P. James 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Energy Processes, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, 62901  2: The Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60537  3: Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan  4: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115  5: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 8/2/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 5, p736; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SPINEL; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1776326
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalinin, Sergei V.
AU  - Gruverman, Alexei
AU  - Bonnell, Dawn A.
T1  - Quantitative analysis of nanoscale switching in SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films by piezoresponse force microscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 795
EP  - 797
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Local switching properties in SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films have been studied by spatially resolved piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and spectroscopy. Variations in PFM contrast of individual grains due to their random crystallographic orientation are consistent with the grain switching behavior examined via vertical and lateral hysteresis loops. Theoretical description of vertical hysteresis loop shape obtained in the point-charge approximation is shown to be in good agreement with the experimental data. Dependence of the hysteresis loop parameters on the grain crystallographic orientation is analyzed. It has been found that grain deviation from the ideal (010) orientation when the polar axis is normal to the film plane results in the decrease of the PFM signal and increase of the coercive voltage in agreement with theoretical predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - HYSTERESIS loop
KW  - SWITCHING theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13926092; Kalinin, Sergei V. 1; Email Address: sergei2@ornl.gov Gruverman, Alexei 2 Bonnell, Dawn A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104; Source Info: 8/2/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 5, p795; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS loop; Subject Term: SWITCHING theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1775881
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Chun-Min
AU  - Castro Neto, A.H.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Long-range charge transfer in periodic DNA through polaron diffusion
JO  - Chemical Physics
JF  - Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 303
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 189
EP  - 196
SN  - 03010104
AB  - Recent experimental evidence shows that the π orbitals along the stacking of base pairs can facilitate the long-range charge transfer in DNA [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120 (1998) 12950; Chem. Biol. 6 (1999) 85; Nature 382 (1996) 731]. Proton motion in the base pair hydrogen bonds has also been found to affect the transfer rate. To explain this behavior we propose a model considering interactions of doped charges with hydrogen bonds and vibrations in DNA. The charge trapped by either protons or vibrations can cause structural distortions leading to polaron formation. By further considering polaron diffusion in DNA we find that the charge transfer rate derived from the diffusion coefficient is in good agreement with the experimental results in poly(A)–poly(T) DNA (<f>ko∼1010</f> s-1) [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 (2004) 1125]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - POLARONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13703452; Chang, Chun-Min 1; Email Address: chunmin@physast.uga.edu Castro Neto, A.H. 2 Bishop, A.R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, 1341 Massachusetts Avenue 202, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  2: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA  3: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 303 Issue 1/2, p189; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: POLARONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.05.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holden, Norman E.
AU  - Reciniello, Richard N.
AU  - Jih-Perng Hu
T1  - Radiological Characterization of the Pressure Vessel Internals of the BNL High Flux Beam Reactor.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/02/Aug2004 Supplement
VL  - 87
M3  - Article
SP  - S25
EP  - S30
SN  - 00179078
AB  - In preparation for the eventual decommissioning of the High Flux Beam Reactor after the permanent removal of its fuel elements from the Brookhaven National Laboratory, measurements and calculations of the decay gamma-ray dose-rate were performed in the reactor pressure vessel and on vessel internal structures such as the upper and lower thermal shields, the Transition Plate, and the Control Rod blades. Measurements of gamma-ray dose rates were made using Red Perspex™ polymethyl methacrylate high-dose film, a Radcal “peanut” ion chamber, and Eberline's RO-7 high-range ion chamber. As a comparison, the Monte Carlo MCNP code and MicroShield code were used to model the gamma-ray transport and dose buildup. The gamma-ray dose rate at 8 cm above the center of the Transition Plate was measured to be 160 Gy h-1 (using an RO-7) and 88 Gy h-1 at 8 cm above and about 5 cm lateral to the Transition Plate (using Red Perspex film). This compares with a calculated dose rate of 172 Gy h-1 using MicroShield™. The gamma-ray dose rate was 16.2 Gy h-1 measured at 76 cm from the reactor core (using the “peanut” ion chamber) and 16.3 Gy h-1 at 87 cm from the core (using Red Perspex film). The similarity of dose rates measured with different instruments indicates that using different methods and instruments is acceptable if the measurement (and calculation) parameters are well defined. Different measurement techniques may be necessary due to constraints such as size restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Nuclear facilities
KW  - Nuclear reactors
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Medical physics
KW  - Pressure vessels
KW  - neutrons
KW  - nuclear reactor
KW  - operational topic
KW  - uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 14110123; Holden, Norman E. 1; Email Address: holden@bnl.gov; Reciniello, Richard N.; Jih-Perng Hu 2; Affiliations: 1: Guest Scientist, National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL); 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000; Issue Info: Aug2004 Supplement, Vol. 87, pS25; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear facilities; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactors; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Medical physics; Subject Term: Pressure vessels; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: nuclear reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: operational topic; Author-Supplied Keyword: uranium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng Li
AU  - Harkonene, Jaakko
AU  - Wei Chen
AU  - Kierestead, J.
AU  - Luukka, Panja
AU  - Tuominen, Eija
AU  - Tuovinen, Etuovine
AU  - Verbitskaya, Elea
AU  - Eremin, Vladimir
T1  - Radiation Hardness of High Resistivity Magnetic Czochralski Silicon Detectors After Gamma, Neutron, and Proton Radiations.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/08/02/Aug2004 Part 2 of 2
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1902
EP  - 1908
SN  - 00189499
AB  - High resistivity magnetic Czochralski Si detectors were irradiated with 60Co gamma rays, neutrons, and protons to various doses/fluences, along with control float zone Si detectors. 1) It has been found that for gamma radiation, magnetic Czochralski Si detectors behave similarly to the high-temperature, long-time (HTLT) oxygenated float zone Si detectors. There is no space charge sign inversion and there is a buildup of positive space charges. The rate for this buildup is much higher than that for the oxygenated Si detectors and is proportional to the oxygen concentration. 2) For neutron radiation, there is little difference between magnetic Czochralski and control float zone silicon detectors. Space charge sign inversion is observed for both materials. The introduction rate of deep acceptors (beta) for magnetic Czochralski Si detectors is slightly less than that for control float zone Si detectors, and 3) for proton radiation (10 and 20 MeV), although the space charge sign inversion is also observed for magnetic Czochralski Si detectors, the 1-MeV neutron-equivalent space charge sign inversion fluence is about three times higher than that of magnetic Czochralski Si detectors irradiated with neutrons. Also, the acceptor introduction rate beta is about half of that for oxygenated Si detectors. Thus, high resistivity magnetic Czochralski Si behaves in a similar manner to the HTLT oxygenated float zone Si detectors and is even more radiation resistant to damage caused by charged particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Silicon diodes
KW  - Gamma rays
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Protons
KW  - Diodes
N1  - Accession Number: 14280996; Zheng Li 1; Email Address: zhengl@bnl.gov; Harkonene, Jaakko 2; Email Address: Jaakko.haekoenen@cern.ch; Wei Chen 1; Email Address: weichen@bnl.gov; Kierestead, J. 1; Email Address: Kierstead@bnl.gov; Luukka, Panja 2; Email Address: panja.luukka@cern.ch; Tuominen, Eija 2; Email Address: Eija.Tuominen@cern.ch; Tuovinen, Etuovine 2; Email Address: etuovine@cc.hut.fi; Verbitskaya, Elea 3; Email Address: elea.verbitskaya@pop.ioffe.rssi.ru; Eremin, Vladimir 3; Email Address: Vladimir.Eremin@pop.Ioffe.rssi.ru; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 2: Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.; 3: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St, Peterburg, Russia.; Issue Info: Aug2004 Part 2 of 2, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p1902; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: Silicon diodes; Subject Term: Gamma rays; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Diodes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.832685
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seppaänen, O. A.
AU  - Fisk, W. J.
T1  - Summary of human responses to ventilation.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/08/02/Aug2004 Supplement 7
VL  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
EP  - 118
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - It is known that ventilation is necessary to remove indoor-generated pollutants from indoor air or dilute their concentration to acceptable levels. But as the limit values of all pollutants are not known the exact determination of required ventilation rates based on pollutant concentrations is seldom possible. The selection of ventilation rates has to be based also on epidemiological research, laboratory and field experiments and experience. The existing literature indicates that ventilation has a significant impact on several important human outcomes including: (1) communicable respiratory illnesses; (2) sick building syndrome symptoms; (3) task performance and productivity, and (4) perceived air quality (PAQ) among occupants or sensory panels (5) respiratory allergies and asthma. In many studies, prevalence of sick building syndrome symptoms has also been associated with characteristics of HVAC-systems. Often the prevalence of SBS symptoms is higher in air-conditioned buildings than in naturally ventilated buildings. The evidence suggests that better hygiene, commissioning, operation and maintenance of air handling systems may be particularly important for reducing the negative effects of HVAC systems. Ventilation may also have harmful effects on indoor air quality and climate if not properly designed, installed, maintained and operated. Ventilation may bring indoors harmful substances or deteriorate indoor environment. Ventilation interacts also with the building envelope and may deteriorate the structures of the building. Ventilation changes the pressure differences across the structures of building and may cause or prevent infiltration of pollutants from structures or adjacent spaces. Ventilation is also in many cases used to control the thermal environment or humidity in buildings. The paper summarises the current knowledge on positive and negative effects of ventilation on health and other human responses. The focus is on office-type working environment and residential buildings. The review shows that ventilation has various positive impacts on health and productivity of building occupants. Ventilation reduces the prevalence of airborne infectious diseases and thus the number of sick leave days. In office environment a ventilation rate up to 20-25L/s per person seem to decrease the prevalence of SBS-symptoms. Air conditioning systems may increase the prevalence of SBS-symptoms relative to natural ventilation if not clean. In residential buildings the air change rate in cold climates should not be below app. 0.5ach. Ventilation systems may cause pressure differences over the building envelope and bring harmful pollutants indoors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - SICK building syndrome
KW  - RESPIRATORY allergy
KW  - AIR conditioning
KW  - Air-conditioning
KW  - Cleanliness
KW  - CO2
KW  - HVAC-system SBS symptoms
KW  - Infectious disease
KW  - Productivity
KW  - Sick leave
KW  - Ventilation
KW  - Ventilation rate
N1  - Accession Number: 14236250; Seppaänen, O. A. 1 Fisk, W. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Helsinki University of Technology, Finland  2: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA; Source Info: Aug2004 Supplement 7, Vol. 14, p102; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: SICK building syndrome; Subject Term: RESPIRATORY allergy; Subject Term: AIR conditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air-conditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cleanliness; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: HVAC-system SBS symptoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infectious disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sick leave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation rate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 5 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00279.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen
AU  - W.
AU  - Bovin
AU  - J.-O.
AU  - Joly
AU  - A. G.
AU  - Wang
AU  - S.
AU  - Su
AU  - F.
AU  - Li
AU  - G.
T1  - Full-Color Emission from In2S3 and In2S3:Eu3+ Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 108
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 11927
EP  - 11934
SN  - 15206106
AB  - New observations on the luminescence of In2S3 and europium-doped In2S3 nanoparticles show a green (510 nm) emission from In2S3 and In1.8Eu0.2S3 nanoparticles while a blue (425 nm) emission is observed from In1.6Eu0.4S3 nanoparticles. Both the blue and green emissions have large Stokes shifts of 62 and 110 nm, respectively. Excitation with longer-wavelength photons causes the blue emission to shift to a longer wavelength while the green emission wavelength remains unchanged. The lifetimes of both the green and blue emissions are similar to reported values for excitonic recombination. When doped with Eu3+, in addition to the broad blue and green emissions, a red emission near 615 nm attributed to Eu3+ is observed. Temperature dependences on nanoparticle thin films indicate that with increasing temperature, the green emission wavelength remains constant, however, the blue emission shifts toward longer wavelengths. Based on these observations, the blue emission is attributed to exciton recombination and the green emission to Indium interstitial defects. These nanoparticles show full-color emission with high efficiency, fast lifetime decays, and good stability; they are also relatively simple to prepare, thus making them a new type of phosphor with potential applications in lighting, flat-panel displays, and communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - THIN films
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SOLID state electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 14831782; Chen W. 1 Bovin J.-O. 1 Joly A. G. 1 Wang S. 1 Su F. 1 Li G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nomadics, Inc., 1024 South Innovation Way, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074, Department of Materials Chemistry, Chemical Center, University of Lund, S-22100, Lund, Sweden, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and National Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 32, p11927; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Predota
AU  - M.
AU  - Bandura
AU  - A. V.
AU  - Cummings
AU  - P. T.
AU  - Kubicki
AU  - J. D.
AU  - Wesolowski
AU  - D. J.
AU  - Chialvo
AU  - A. A.
AU  - Machesky
AU  - M. L.
T1  - Electric Double Layer at the Rutile (110) Surface. 1. Structure of Surfaces and Interfacial Water from Molecular Dynamics by Use of ab Initio Potentials.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 108
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 12049
EP  - 12060
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A recently developed force field for interactions of water molecules with the (110) surface of rutile (α-TiO2) has been generalized for atomistically detailed molecular dynamics simulations of the interfacial structure of the uncharged mineral surface in contact with liquid SPC/E water at 298 K and 1 atm and for negatively charged surfaces in contact with SPC/E water containing dissolved electrolyte ions (Rb+, Sr2+, Zn2+, Na+, Ca2+, Cl-). Both hydroxylated (dissociative) and nonhydroxylated (associative) surfaces are simulated, since both types of water-surface interactions have been postulated from ab initio calculations and spectroscopic studies under near-vacuum conditions. The positions of water molecules at the interface were found to be very similar for both hydroxylated and nonhydroxylated surfaces, with either terminal hydroxyl groups or associated water molecules occupying the site above each terminal titanium atom. Beyond these surface oxygens, a single additional layer of adsorbed water molecules occupies distinct sites related to the underlying crystal surface structure. The water structure and mobility quickly decay to the bulk liquid properties beyond this second layer. The hydrogen-bonding structure and water orientation in these first two oxygen layers are somewhat sensitive to the hydroxylation of the surface, as are the electrostatic profiles. For all simulated properties, including space-dependent diffusivity of water molecules, the influence of the interface is negligible beyond distances of about 15 Å from the surface. Increasing the temperature to 448 K while maintaining the density at the liquid-vapor saturated condition had minimal effect on the interfacial structure and electrostatic properties. These results are foundational to the simulation of dissolved ion interactions with the surface and the comparison of the simulation results with X-ray standing wave and crystal truncation rod measurements of water and electrolyte solutions in contact with rutile (110) single-crystal surfaces presented in Part 2 of this series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - OXIDE minerals
N1  - Accession Number: 14831802; Predota M. 1 Bandura A. V. 1 Cummings P. T. 1 Kubicki J. D. 1 Wesolowski D. J. 1 Chialvo A. A. 1 Machesky M. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, Department of Health Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia, Jírovcova 24, České Budějovice 370 04, Czech Republic, Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, and Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, Illinois 61820; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 32, p12049; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Predota
AU  - M.
AU  - Zhang
AU  - Z.
AU  - Fenter
AU  - P.
AU  - Wesolowski
AU  - D. J.
AU  - Cummings
AU  - P. T.
T1  - Electric Double Layer at the Rutile (110) Surface. 2. Adsorption of Ions from Molecular Dynamics and X-ray Experiments.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 108
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 12061
EP  - 12072
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to characterize the microstructure of the interface between aqueous solutions and the (110) surface of rutile (α-TiO2) for hydroxylated and nonhydroxylated surfaces, each either neutral or negatively charged. The fully atomistic description of the rutile surface and its interactions with the fluid phase was based on ab initio calculations, while the aqueous phase was described by the SPC/E model and existing parametrizations for Rb+, Na+, Sr2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, and Cl- ions. Formation of inner-sphere complexes of cations with surface oxygens was identified for all cations studied. On negatively charged surfaces, Zn2+ is shown to sorb at two bidentate sites, between a bridging and terminal oxygen, and between two terminal oxygens (hydroxylated surface only), while all other cations occupy a tetradentate site, in contact with two terminal and two bridging oxygens in adjacent rows on the crystal surface, and directly above an additional triply coordinated oxygen in the Ti-O surface plane. These differences in inner-sphere binding configuration appear to be related to the bare ionic radii of the cations. Simulation results agree very well with X-ray standing wave and crystal truncation rod studies of the inner-sphere adsorption sites of the cations Rb+ and Sr2+. MD and X-ray results for Zn2+ adsorption are qualitatively consistent, but important differences in adsorption heights are discussed. Both MD simulations and X-ray studies indicate that, on rutile (110), interaction of Cl- with neutral and negatively charged surfaces and with sorbed, multivalent cations is minimal. The hydroxylated surface gives better agreement with experiments than the nonhydroxylated surface and is therefore inferred to be the dominant surface in contact with aqueous solutions at ambient conditions. At the negative, hydroxylated surface, the MD results indicate that Sr2+ and Ca2+ also form outer-sphere species that are laterally ordered with respect to the crystal surface structure, though these are much less abundant than the inner-sphere species. At positively charged hydroxylated surfaces, MD simulations indicate Cl- adsorption in the tetradentate site 4.3 Å above the surface, with longer-range ordering of ions and water molecules than was observed on neutral or negatively charged surfaces. The adsorption geometries of ions are not sensitive to an increase of temperature to 448 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - IONS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14831804; Predota M. 1 Zhang Z. 1 Fenter P. 1 Wesolowski D. J. 1 Cummings P. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604, Department of Health Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia, Jírovcova 24, České Budéjovice 370 04, Czech Republic, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3108, and Aqueous Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 32, p12061; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutin
AU  - N.
AU  - Brunschwig
AU  - B. S.
AU  - Creutz
AU  - C.
AU  - Feldberg
AU  - S. W.
T1  - Implications of an Electron-Hopping Model for Charge Transport through Donor-Bridge-Acceptor Assemblies Connected to Metal Electrodes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 108
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 12092
EP  - 12102
SN  - 15206106
AB  - An electron-hopping model for electrode-to-electrode charge transport through donor-bridge-acceptor assemblies (J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 10687) is further developed by detailed electrostatic analysis of the assembly and treatment of the steady-state kinetics. Charge transport between the two electrodes proceeds via the D-B-A bridges:  D transfers an electron to A through the bridge. The newly formed D+ and A- are then rapidly reduced and oxidized, respectively, at the electrodes giving rise to a steady state in which the current depends on the rate of electron transfer from D to A. The driving force dependence of the nuclear factor for the D to A electron transfer results in the current through the D-B-A bridge increasing with applied voltage (positive differential conductance) in the normal free-energy region but decreasing in the inverted region (negative differential conductance). The electronic factors can be manipulated by changing the separations between the electrodes and DBA or the length of B or by changing the nature of the bridge material. Decreasing the electronic factor for D to A electron transfer decreases the flux at a given applied voltage in the normal region, but the effect is much greater in the inverted region. Possible parallel tunneling and electron hopping mechanisms that could contribute to the current and interfere with the region of negative differential resistance are analyzed in detail. For the coupled electron-transfer sequence considered here, changing electronic factors result in dramatic shifts of the reaction profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - UNDERGROUND construction
KW  - ELECTRODES
N1  - Accession Number: 14831808; Sutin N. 1 Brunschwig B. S. 1 Creutz C. 1 Feldberg S. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, and Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Mail Code 139-74, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 32, p12092; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: UNDERGROUND construction; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Yaohang
AU  - Protopopescu, Vladimir A.
AU  - Gorin, Andrey
T1  - Accelerated simulated tempering
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 328
IS  - 4/5
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
EP  - 283
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We propose a new stochastic global optimization method by accelerating the simulated tempering scheme with random walks executed on a temperature ladder with various transition step sizes. By suitably choosing the length of the transition steps, the accelerated scheme enables the search process to execute large jumps and escape entrapment in local minima, while retaining the capability to explore local details, whenever warranted. Our simulations confirm the expected improvements and show that the accelerated simulated tempering scheme has a much faster convergence to the target distribution than Geyer and Thompson''s simulated tempering algorithm and exhibits accuracy comparable to the simulated annealing method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - TEMPERING
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
N1  - Accession Number: 13806402; Li, Yaohang 1 Protopopescu, Vladimir A. 2 Gorin, Andrey 2; Email Address: agor@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 328 Issue 4/5, p274; Subject Term: TEMPERING; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.05.067
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peryt, Tadeusz Marek
AU  - Peryt, Danuta
AU  - Jasionowski, Marek
AU  - Poberezhskyy, Andriy V.
AU  - Durakiewicz, Tomasz
T1  - Post-evaporitic restricted deposition in the Middle Miocene Chokrakian-Karaganian of East Crimea (Ukraine)
JO  - Sedimentary Geology
JF  - Sedimentary Geology
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 170
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 36
SN  - 00370738
AB  - In the Middle Miocene of East Crimea, gypsum evaporites formed in a shallow basin from mixed seawater–nonmarine waters are overlain by marl, siltstone and claystone which contain a few horizons of stromatolitic limestone. The thickness and abundance of the stromatolitic horizons increase up the section. In the siliciclastic portion of the section, a very poor and taxonomically impoverished assemblage of benthic foraminifers (Jadammina, Nonion, Haynesina, Astrononion and Eponides) is recorded. It is typical for a shallow water marsh or lagoon environment with a lowered salinity. Accordingly, the brackish conditions prevailing during gypsum precipitation in East Crimea continued afterwards, although at the end of evaporite deposition the basin became desiccated and then it was rapidly reflooded by brackish water.The impoverished biota and the occurrence of microbialites in the Ptashkino section indicate extremely unfavourable conditions for most living organisms during the deposition of both the terrigenous and carbonate beds. The water salinity thus was probably not only lowered but also anomalous in composition if compared to normal marine water. The occurrence of carbonate stromatolitic horizons is probably related to the periodic shallowing of the basin caused by a drop of the lake water table driven by climatic factors. The resulted changes allowed for a growth of the bizarre microbial-serpulid communities that gave birth to most of the stromatolites.In Karaganian time, the Eastern Paratethys was a huge lake isolated from the Tethys. This lake responded to any climatic fluctuation that in turn might lead to water level oscillations. In humid climate periods, the lake could be open with a surface outflow and, when it was drier, it could be a closed system without surface outflow. Gypsum evaporites and stromatolitic carbonates are clear evidence of strong evaporation in a dry climate that probably induced water level fall in the whole basin. However, all the time the environmental conditions were predominantly brackish, even during gypsum precipitation as suggested by the chemical composition of fluid inclusions in gypsum. Similar conditions may be expected in other evaporite-hosted, predominantly brackish basins, such as some Messinian basins of the eastern Mediterranean, where some evaporites were deposited in the oligohaline to mesohaline conditions typical of the Lago Mare deposits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Sedimentary Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVAPORATION (Meteorology)
KW  - WATER levels
KW  - SEDIMENTARY structures
KW  - SALINE waters
KW  - Evaporite basins
KW  - Foraminifers
KW  - Geochemistry
KW  - Middle miocene
KW  - Palaeoenvironments
KW  - Stromatolites
N1  - Accession Number: 14035247; Peryt, Tadeusz Marek 1; Email Address: tperyt@pgi.waw.pl Peryt, Danuta 2 Jasionowski, Marek 1 Poberezhskyy, Andriy V. 3 Durakiewicz, Tomasz 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Pañstwowy Instytut Geologiczny, Ul. Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warsaw, Poland  2: Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland  3: Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova 3A, 79053 Lviv, Ukraine  4: Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031, Lublin, Poland  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 170 Issue 1/2, p21; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: WATER levels; Subject Term: SEDIMENTARY structures; Subject Term: SALINE waters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaporite basins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Foraminifers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Middle miocene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palaeoenvironments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stromatolites; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2004.04.003
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Afanasyev-Charkin, I.V.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Hard Si–N–C coatings produced by pulsed glow discharge deposition
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 186
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
EP  - 111
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Hard Si–N–C films with different concentration of carbon were obtained using pulsed glow discharge deposition (PGD) at 4 kV pulsed voltage. The gases used in this study were silane (SiH4), nitrogen (N2) and acetylene (C2H2). The FTIR analysis of the films showed the existence of bonds between all components of the ternary system. The absence of separation of the structure into binary components such as silicon nitride and carbon nitride leads to the high hardness of the films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - Amorphous
KW  - Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII)
KW  - Plasma source ion implantation (PSII)
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Silicon nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 13703231; Afanasyev-Charkin, I.V. 1 Nastasi, M.; Email Address: nasty@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 186 Issue 1/2, p108; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII); Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma source ion implantation (PSII); Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon nitride; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.04.005
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iyer, Suri S.
AU  - Anderson, Aaron S.
AU  - Reed, Scott
AU  - Swanson, Basil
AU  - Schmidt, Jürgen G.
T1  - Corrigendum to “Synthesis of orthogonal end functionalized oligoethylene glycols of defined lengths” [Tetrahedron Lett. 45 (2004) 4285]
JO  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
JF  - Tetrahedron Letters: International Organ for the Rapid Publication of Preliminary Communications in Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/02/
VL  - 45
IS  - 32
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 6207
EP  - 6207
SN  - 00404039
N1  - Accession Number: 13804389; Iyer, Suri S. 1 Anderson, Aaron S. 1 Reed, Scott 1 Swanson, Basil 1 Schmidt, Jürgen G.; Email Address: jschmidt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, MS E529, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 45 Issue 32, p6207; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.06.041
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pessanha, Miguel
AU  - Yuri Y.
AU  - W. Chris Long
AU  - Erickson, Jill
AU  - Pokkuluri, P. Raj
AU  - Schiffer, Marianne
AU  - Salgueiro, Carlos A.
T1  - Redox Characterization of Geobacter sulfurreducens Cytochrome c7: Physiological Relevance of the Conserved Residue F15 Probed by Site-Specific Mutagenesis.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/03/
VL  - 43
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 9909
EP  - 9917
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The complete genome sequence of the &odelta;-proteobacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens reveals a large abundance of multiheme cytochromes. Cytochrome c7, isolated from this metal ion-reducing bacterium, is a triheme periplasmic electron-transfer protein with Mr 9.6 kDa. This protein is involved in metal ion- reducing pathways and shares 56% sequence identity with a triheme cytochrome isolated from the closely related δ-proteobacterium Desulfuromonas acetoxidans (Dac7). In this work, two-dimensional NMR was used to monitor the heme core and the general folding in solution of the G. sulfurreducens triheme cytochrome c7 (PpcA). NMR signals obtained for the three hemes of PpcA at different stages of oxidation were cross-assigned to the crystal structure [Pokkuluri, P. R., Londer, Y. Y., Duke, N. E. C., Long, W. C., and Schiffer, M. (2004) Biochemistry 43, 849-859] using the complete network of chemical exchange connectivities, and the order in which each heme becomes oxidized was determined at pH 6.0 and 8.2. Redox titrations followed by visible spectroscopy were also performed in order to monitor the macroscopic redox behavior of PpcA. The results obtained showed that PpcA and Dac7 have different redox properties: (i) the order in which each heme becomes oxidized is different; (ii) the reduction potentials of the heme groups and the global redox behavior of PpcA are pH dependent (redox-Bohr effect) in the physiological pH range, which is not observed with Dac7. The differences observed in the redox behavior of PpcA and Dac7 may account for the different functions of these proteins and constitute an excellent example of how homologous proteins can perform different physiological functions. The redox titrations followed by visible spectroscopy of PpcA and two mutants of the conserved residue F15 (PpcAF15Y and PpcAF15W) lead to the conclusion that F15 modulates the redox behavior of PpcA, thus having an important physiological role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEMOGLOBIN
KW  - CYTOCHROMES
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - PHYSIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14309086; Pessanha, Miguel 1 Yuri Y. 1 W. Chris Long 2 Erickson, Jill 2 Pokkuluri, P. Raj 2 Schiffer, Marianne 2 Salgueiro, Carlos A. 2; Email Address: cas@itqb.unl.pt.; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2 780-156 Oeiras, Portugal, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Cièncias e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Portugal.; Source Info: 8/3/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 30, p9909; Subject Term: HEMOGLOBIN; Subject Term: CYTOCHROMES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Cailu
AU  - Wu, Gongwei
AU  - Liu, Zheng
AU  - Wu, Dehai
AU  - Meek, Thomas T.
AU  - Han, Qingyou
T1  - Preparation of copper nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes by electroless plating method
JO  - Materials Research Bulletin
JF  - Materials Research Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/08/03/
VL  - 39
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1499
EP  - 1505
SN  - 00255408
AB  - Densely distributed copper nanoparticles have been deposited on the surface of carbon nanotubes with a size of ∼10 nm by the electroless plating method. It has been found that the pretreatment of the carbon nanotubes is very important to obtain the copper nanoparticles on the carbon nanotubes; in our experiments, one-step pretreatment of mixed HNO3 and H2SO4 was found effective. In order to attain nanosized copper particles, the electroless plating parameters should be closely controlled; e.g., the pH value of the plating solution, the temperature, and the concentration and titrating speed of HCOH were critical. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Research Bulletin is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ELECTROLESS plating
N1  - Accession Number: 13623118; Xu, Cailu 1; Email Address: cxu2@utk.edu Wu, Gongwei 2 Liu, Zheng 2 Wu, Dehai 2 Meek, Thomas T. 1 Han, Qingyou 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 7996, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 10, p1499; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ELECTROLESS plating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.materresbull.2004.04.021
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Biju, Vasudevanpillai
AU  - Micic, Miodrag
AU  - Hu, Dehong
AU  - Lu, H. Peter
T1  - Intermittent Single-Molecule Interfacial Electron Transfer Dynamics.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/04/
VL  - 126
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 9374
EP  - 9381
SN  - 00027863
AB  - We report on single-molecule studies of photosensitized interlacial electron transfer (ET) processes in Coumarin 343 (C343)-TiO2 nanoparticles (NP) and Cresyl Violet (CV+)-TiO2 NP systems, using time-correlated single-photon counting coupled with scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence intensity trajectories of individual dye molecules adsorbed on a semiconductor NP surface showed fluorescence fluctuations and blinking, with time constants distributed from milliseconds to seconds. The fluorescence fluctuation dynamics were found to be inhomogeneous from molecule to molecule and from time to time, showing significant static and dynamic disorders in the interfacial El reaction dynamics. We attribute fluorescence fluctuations to the interlacial El reaction rate fluctuations, associating redox reactivity intermittency with the fluctuations of molecule-TiO2 electronic and Franck-Condon coupling. Intermittent interfacial ET dynamics of individual molecules could be characteristic of a surface chemical reaction strongly involved with and regulated by molecule-surface interactions. The intermittent interfacial reaction dynamics that likely occur among single molecules in other interfacial and surface chemical processes can typically be observed by single-molecule studies but not by conventional ensemble-averaged experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 14191310; Biju, Vasudevanpillai 1 Micic, Miodrag 2 Hu, Dehong 1 Lu, H. Peter 1; Email Address: peter.Iu@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Division, P. O. Box 999, Richard, Washington 99352  2: M P Biomedicals Inc., 15 Morgan, Irvine, CA 93618.; Source Info: 8/4/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 30, p9374; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Norberg, Nick S.
AU  - Kittilstved, Kevin R.
AU  - Amonette, James E.
AU  - Kukkadapu, Ravi K.
AU  - Schwartz, Dana A.
AU  - Gamelin, Daniel R.
T1  - Synthesis of Colloidal Mn2+:ZnO Quantum Dots and High-Tc Ferromagnetic Nanocrystalline Thin Films.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/04/
VL  - 126
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 9387
EP  - 9398
SN  - 00027863
AB  - We report the synthesis of colloidal Mn2+-doped ZnO (Mn2+:ZnO) quantum dots and the preparation of room-temperature ferromagnetic nanocrystalline thin films. Mn2+ZnO nanocrystals were prepared by a hydrolysis and condensation reaction in DMSO under atmospheric conditions. Synthesis was monitored by electronic absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPA) spectroscopies. Zn(OAc)2 was found to strongly inhibit oxidation of Mn2+ by O2, allowing the synthesis of Mn2+:ZnO to be performed aerobically. Mn2+ ions were removed from the surfaces of as-prepared nanocrystals using dodecylamine to yield high-quality internally doped Mn2+:ZnO colloids of nearly spherical shape and uniform diameter (6.1 ± 0.7 nm). Simulations of the highly resolved X- and Q-band nanocrystal EPA spectra, combined with quantitative analysis of magnetic susceptibilities, confirmed that the manganese is substitutionally incorporated into the ZnO nanocrystals as Mn2+ with very homogeneous speciation, differing from bulk Mn2+:ZnO only in the magnitude of D-strain. Robust ferromagnetism was observed in spin- coated thin films of the nanocrystals, with 300 K saturation moments as large as 1.35 μg/Mn2+ and Tc > 350 K. A distinct ferromagnetic resonance signal was observed in the EPA spectra of the ferromagnetic films. The occurrence of ferromagnetisrn in Mn2+ZnO and its dependence on synthetic variables are discussed in the context of these and previous theoretical and experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR nanocrystals
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14191312; Norberg, Nick S. 1 Kittilstved, Kevin R. 1 Amonette, James E. 2 Kukkadapu, Ravi K. 2 Schwartz, Dana A. 2 Gamelin, Daniel R. 1; Email Address: Gamelin@chem.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700,  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Rich/and, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 8/4/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 30, p9387; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR nanocrystals; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hedin, Niklas
AU  - Graf, Robert
AU  - Christiansen, Sean C.
AU  - Gervais, Christel
AU  - Hayward, Ryan C.
AU  - Eckert, Juergen
AU  - Chmelka, Bradley F.
T1  - Structure of a Surfactant-Templated Silicate Framework in the Absence of 3D Crystallinity.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/04/
VL  - 126
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 9425
EP  - 9432
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The structure of a novel molecularly ordered two-dimensional (2D) silicate framework in a surfactant-templated mesophase has been established by using a combination of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and quantum chemical and empirical force- field modeling. These materials are unusual in their combination of headgroup-directed 2D crystalline framework ordering, zeolite-like ring structures within the layers, and long-range mesoscopic organization without three-dimensional (3D) atomic periodicity. The absence of registry between the silicate sheets, resulting from the liquidlike disorder of the alkyl surtactant chains, has presented significant challenges to the determination of framework structures in these and similar materials lacking 3D crystalline order. Double- quantum 29Si NMFI correlation experiments establish the interactions and connectivities between distinct intra-sheet silicon sites from which the structure of the molecularly ordered inorganic framework is determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - WETTING agents
KW  - NUCLEAR spectroscopy
KW  - SURFACE tension
N1  - Accession Number: 14191316; Hedin, Niklas 1,2 Graf, Robert 3 Christiansen, Sean C. 1 Gervais, Christel 4 Hayward, Ryan C. 1,2 Eckert, Juergen 2,4 Chmelka, Bradley F. 1,2,5; Email Address: bradc@engineering.ucsb.edu.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106  2: Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106  3: Max-Planck-lnstitute für Polymerforschung, Posqach 3148, D-55021 Mainz, Germany.  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  5: Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS-UMR 7574, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris CEDEX 05 France.; Source Info: 8/4/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 30, p9425; Subject Term: SILICATES; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: WETTING agents; Subject Term: NUCLEAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Niu
AU  - S.
AU  - Wang
AU  - X.-B.
AU  - Yang
AU  - X.
AU  - L.-S.
AU  - Ichiye
AU  - T.
T1  - Mechanistic Insight into the Symmetric Fission of [4Fe-4S] Analogue Complexes and Implications for Cluster Conversions in Iron-Sulfur Proteins.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/08/05/
VL  - 108
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 6750
EP  - 6757
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Assembly and disassembly of protein-bound iron-sulfur clusters are involved in a wide variety of vital biological processes, ranging from biosynthesis to regulation of biological function. The study of the fission of analogue clusters can provide valuable insight into the various reaction mechanisms that can occur in proteins as well as tests of the ability of theoretical studies to interpret experiment. Previously, we observed symmetric fission of doubly charged Fe-S cluster anions, [Fe4S4X4]2- → 2[Fe2S2X2]- (X = SC2H5, Cl, Br) in the gas phase, which is surprising because four strong Fe-S bonds are being broken. Here, we report a study of the detailed fission mechanism using density functional theory in conjunction with photoelectron spectroscopic results for X = Cl. Both the experimental and theoretical results suggest that the fission daughter products are low-spin [Fe2S2Cl2]- (S = 1/2) species. However, the layered structure of the cubane would seem to indicate a mechanism that would give high-spin daughter products. Thus, we investigate the symmetric fission of [Fe4S4Cl4]2- along two possible reaction pathways, involving high-spin and low-spin [Fe2S2Cl2]- fragments, respectively. Though the high-spin channel is endothermic by 1.34 eV with a high barrier of 2.65 eV, the reaction along the low-spin fission channel is more favorable with an exothermicity of 0.53 eV and a lower barrier of 1.51 eV. Two intermediates are observed along the low-spin fission channel, a spin-localized cubane [Fe4S4Cl4]2- cluster, which contains two valence-localized Fe3+ centers and two valence-localized Fe2+ centers, and a half-opened [Fe4S4Cl4]2- cluster. The spin-localized cluster is crucial to breaking the four strong Fe-S bonds in the symmetric fission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR algebras
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 14831678; Niu S. 1 Wang X.-B. 1 Yang X. 1 L.-S. 1 Ichiye T. 1; Affiliation:  1: School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4660, Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057-1227, Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 32, p6750; Subject Term: LINEAR algebras; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry); Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lederman, Leon
T1  - The pleasure of learning.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/05/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7000
M3  - Article
SP  - 617
EP  - 617
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Examines how a cosmic-ray physics visiting professor from Rome, Italy rekindles the enthusiasm for science in Leon Lederman, a physics researcher at Columbia University in New York City. Ability of Gilberto Bernardini to retain his sense of wonder despite experiencing difficult times during the war; Teachings on the marvel of familiar phenomena; Rediscovering the day-to-day enjoyment of science.
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SPACE environment
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - LEDERMAN, Leon
N1  - Accession Number: 14017736; Lederman, Leon 1; Affiliation:  1: Director Emeritus, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500, USA; Source Info: 8/5/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7000, p617; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SPACE environment; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: SCIENCE; People: LEDERMAN, Leon; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/430617a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karliner, Marek
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
T1  - A mass inequality for the <f>Ξ*</f> and <f>Θ+</f> pentaquarks
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/08/05/
VL  - 594
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 276
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We derive an upper bound on the mass difference between the <f>Ξ*</f> and <f>Θ+</f> pentaquarks which are the manifestly exotic members of the <f>SU(3)f</f> antidecuplet. The derivation is based on simple assumptions about <f>SU(3)f</f> symmetry breaking and uses the standard quantum mechanical variational method. The resulting rather robust bound is more than 20 MeV below the experimentally reported <f>Ξ*-Θ+</f> mass difference, emphasizing the need for confirmation of the experimental mass values and placing strong constraints on quark models of the pentaquark structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - QUARKS
N1  - Accession Number: 13703580; Karliner, Marek 1,2; Email Address: marek@proton.tau.ac.il Lipkin, Harry J. 2,3,4; Email Address: ftlipkin@clever.weizmann.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, England, UK  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel  3: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  4: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 594 Issue 3/4, p273; Subject Term: MASS (Physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.05.052
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friedland, Alexander
AU  - Lunardini, Cecilia
AU  - Peña-Garay, Carlos
T1  - Solar neutrinos as probes of neutrino–matter interactions
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/08/05/
VL  - 594
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 354
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Data from solar neutrino and KamLAND experiments have led to a discovery of nonzero neutrino masses. Here we investigate what these data can tell us about neutrino interactions with matter, including the poorly constrained flavor-changing <f>νe</f>–<f>ντ</f> interactions. We give examples of the interaction parameters that are excluded by the solar/KamLAND data and are beyond the reach of other experiments. We also demonstrate that flavor-changing interactions, at the allowed level, may profoundly modify the conversion probability for neutrinos of energy ⪝6 MeV and the values of the mass parameter inferred from the data. The implications for future experiments are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 13703589; Friedland, Alexander 1; Email Address: friedland@lanl.gov Lunardini, Cecilia 2; Email Address: lunardi@ias.edu Peña-Garay, Carlos 2; Email Address: penya@ias.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, T-8, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 594 Issue 3/4, p347; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.05.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chan, Sum
AU  - Segelke, Brent
AU  - Lekin, Timothy
AU  - Krupka, Heike
AU  - Cho, Uhn Soo
AU  - Kim, Min-young
AU  - So, Minyoung
AU  - Kim, Chang-Yub
AU  - Naranjo, Cleo M.
AU  - Rogers, Yvonne C.
AU  - Park, Min S.
AU  - Waldo, Geoffrey S.
AU  - Pashkov, Inna
AU  - Cascio, Duilio
AU  - Perry, Jeanne L.
AU  - Sawaya, Michael R.
T1  - Crystal Structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis dUTPase: Insights into the Catalytic Mechanism
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/08/06/
VL  - 341
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 517
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dUTP nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase) has been determined at 1.3 Å resolution in complex with magnesium ion and the non-hydrolyzable substrate analog, α,β-imido dUTP. dUTPase is an enzyme essential for depleting potentially toxic concentrations of dUTP in the cell. Given the importance of its biological role, it has been proposed that inhibiting M. tuberculosis dUTPase might be an effective means to treat tuberculosis infection in humans. The crystal structure presented here offers some insight into the potential for designing a specific inhibitor of the M. tuberculosis dUTPase enzyme. The structure also offers new insights into the mechanism of dUTP hydrolysis by providing an accurate representation of the enzyme–substrate complex in which both the metal ion and dUTP analog are included. The structure suggests that inclusion of a magnesium ion is important for stabilizing the position of the α-phosphorus for an in-line nucleophilic attack. In the absence of magnesium, the α-phosphate of dUTP can have either of the two positions which differ by 4.5 Å. A transiently ordered C-terminal loop further assists catalysis by shielding the general base, Asp83, from solvent thus elevating its pKa so that it might in turn activate a tightly bound water molecule for nucleophilic attack. The metal ion coordinates α, β, and γ phosphate groups with tridentate geometry identical with that observed in the crystal structure of DNA polymerase β complexed with magnesium and dNTP analog, revealing some common features in catalytic mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis
KW  - TUBERCULIN
KW  - DRUG design
KW  - LUNG diseases
KW  - drug design
KW  - dUDP, 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-diphosphate
KW  - dUMP, 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-monophosphate
KW  - dUTPαS, 2′-deoxyuridine-5′-(α-thio)-triphosphate
KW  - dUTP, 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate
KW  - dUTPase
KW  - EIAV, equine infectious anemia virus
KW  - FIV, feline immunodeficiency virus
KW  - IPTG, isopropyl-thio-β-d-galactoside
KW  - mechanism
KW  - nucleotidohydrolase
KW  - SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
KW  - tuberculosis
N1  - Accession Number: 13905696; Chan, Sum 1 Segelke, Brent 2 Lekin, Timothy 2 Krupka, Heike 2 Cho, Uhn Soo 3 Kim, Min-young 3 So, Minyoung 3 Kim, Chang-Yub 3 Naranjo, Cleo M. 3 Rogers, Yvonne C. 3 Park, Min S. 3 Waldo, Geoffrey S. 3 Pashkov, Inna 1 Cascio, Duilio 1 Perry, Jeanne L. 4 Sawaya, Michael R. 1; Email Address: sawaya@mbi.ucla.edu; Affiliation:  1: UCLA-DOE Laboratory of Structural Biology and Molecular Medicine, 206 Boyer Hall, Box 951570, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Bioscience Division, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 341 Issue 2, p503; Subject Term: MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis; Subject Term: TUBERCULIN; Subject Term: DRUG design; Subject Term: LUNG diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: drug design; Author-Supplied Keyword: dUDP, 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-diphosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: dUMP, 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-monophosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: dUTPαS, 2′-deoxyuridine-5′-(α-thio)-triphosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: dUTP, 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate; Author-Supplied Keyword: dUTPase; Author-Supplied Keyword: EIAV, equine infectious anemia virus; Author-Supplied Keyword: FIV, feline immunodeficiency virus; Author-Supplied Keyword: IPTG, isopropyl-thio-β-d-galactoside; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: nucleotidohydrolase; Author-Supplied Keyword: SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; Author-Supplied Keyword: tuberculosis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.06.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nettles, James H.
AU  - Li, Huilin
AU  - Cornett, Ben
AU  - Krahn, Joseph M.
AU  - Snyder, James P.
AU  - Downing, Kenneth H.
T1  - The Binding Mode of Epothilone A on α,β-Tubulinby Electron Crystallography.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/06/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5685
M3  - Article
SP  - 866
EP  - 869
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The structure of epothilone A, bound to α,β-tubulin in zinc-stabilized sheets, was determined by a combination of electron crystallography at 2.89 angstrom resolution and nuclear magnetic resonance-based conformational analysis. The complex explains both the broad-based epothilone structure-activity relationship and the known mutational resistance profile. Comparison with Taxol shows that the longstanding expectation of a common pharmacophore is not met, because each ligand exploits the tubulin-binding pocket in a unique and independent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - TUBULINS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
N1  - Accession Number: 14155313; Nettles, James H. 1 Li, Huilin 2 Cornett, Ben 3 Krahn, Joseph M. 4 Snyder, James P. 3; Email Address: snyder@euch4e.chem.emory.edu Downing, Kenneth H. 5; Email Address: khdowning@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.  2: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  3: Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.  4: Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.  5: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 8/6/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5685, p866; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: MINERALOGY; Subject Term: TUBULINS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3597
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simpson, Michael L.
AU  - Cox, Chris D.
AU  - Sayler, Gary S.
T1  - Frequency domain chemical Langevin analysis of stochasticity in gene transcriptional regulation
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2004/08/07/
VL  - 229
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
SN  - 00225193
AB  - We present a frequency domain Langevin approach for stochastic analysis that remains valid for many important gene circuit elements even as molecular populations approach zero. We begin by considering the case of low-rate transcription and show that the previously reported shot noise representation is exact at all mRNA population levels for a constant transcription rate. Next, we consider transcriptional control through protein–DNA interactions at an operator site within the gene promoter region. This analysis results in expressions for the dynamics and noise behavior of this important gene sub-circuit, including the spectral density of the intrinsic operator noise and the processing of extrinsic noise by this transcriptional regulation system. This analysis shows that mRNA synthesis noise is composed of wideband shot noise and band-limited operator binding generated noise components. We find that the bandwidth of operator noise and its ultimate effect on total mRNA and protein noise is controlled by operator binding and unbinding dynamics. The most substantial impact of the operator noise is seen at transcription rates just above basal expression. This analysis captures the full behavior of this transcriptional regulation system, and points to potentially serious flaws in simplified mathematical relationships often used to model transcriptional regulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANGEVIN equations
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - GENETIC code
KW  - Chemical Langevin equation
KW  - Gene circuit analysis
KW  - Gene circuit noise
KW  - Power Spectral Density—PSD Chemical Master Equation—CME Chemical Langevin Equation—CLE.
KW  - Stochastic simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 13647893; Simpson, Michael L. 1,2,3; Email Address: simpsonML1@ornl.gov Cox, Chris D. 2,4 Sayler, Gary S. 2,5; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technologies Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, M.S. 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6006, USA  2: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  4: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  5: Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 229 Issue 3, p383; Subject Term: LANGEVIN equations; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: GENETIC code; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical Langevin equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene circuit analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene circuit noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power Spectral Density—PSD Chemical Master Equation—CME Chemical Langevin Equation—CLE.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic simulation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.04.017
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13647893&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Novakov, T.
AU  - Hansen, J.E.
T1  - Black carbon emissions in the United Kingdom during the past four decades: an empirical analysis
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 38
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 4155
EP  - 4163
SN  - 13522310
AB  - We use data from a unique 40-year record of 150 urban and rural stations in the “Black Smoke and SO2 Network” in Great Britain to infer information about sources of atmospheric black carbon (BC). The data show a rapid decline of ambient atmospheric BC between 1962 and the early 1990s that exceeds the decline in official estimates of BC emissions based only on amount of fuel use and mostly fixed emission factors. This provides empirical confirmation of the existence and large impact of a time-dependent “technology factor” that must multiply the rate of fossil fuel use. Current ambient BC amounts in Great Britain comparable to those in western and central Europe, with diesel engines being the principal present source. From comparison of BC and SO2 data we infer that current BC emission inventories understate true emissions in the UK by about a factor of two. The results imply that there is the potential for improved technology to achieve large reduction of global ambient BC. There is a need for comparable monitoring of BC in other countries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - SMOKE
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - Black carbon
KW  - Black smoke
KW  - Emission trends
KW  - Sources
KW  - Technology factor
N1  - Accession Number: 13687774; Novakov, T. 1; Email Address: tnovakov@lbl.gov Hansen, J.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS-70-180B, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA  2: NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 38 Issue 25, p4155; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: SMOKE; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Black carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Black smoke; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission trends; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Technology factor; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.04.031
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13687774&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szecsody, J.E.
AU  - Girvin, D.C.
AU  - Devary, B.J.
AU  - Campbell, J.A.
T1  - Sorption and oxic degradation of the explosive CL-20 during transport in subsurface sediments
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 56
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 610
SN  - 00456535
AB  - The abiotic sorption and oxic degradation processes that control the fate of the explosive CL-20, Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, in the subsurface environment were investigated to determine the potential for vadose and groundwater contamination. Sorption of aqueous CL-20 is relatively small (<f>Kd=0.02</f>–3.83 cm3 g-1 for 7 sediments and 12 minerals), which results in only slight retardation relative to water movement. Thus, CL-20 could move quickly through unsaturated and saturated sediments of comparable composition to groundwater, similar to the subsurface behavior of RDX. CL-20 sorption was mainly to mineral surfaces of the sediments, and the resulting isotherm was nonlinear. CL-20 abiotically degrades in oxic environments at slow rates (i.e., 10s to 100s of hours) with a wide variety of minerals, but at fast rates (i.e., minutes) in the presence of 2:1 phyllosilicate clays (hectorite, montmorillonite, nontronite), micas (biotite, illite), and specific oxides (MnO2 and the ferrous-ferric iron oxide magnetite). High concentrations of surface ferrous iron in a dithionite reduced sediment degraded CL-20 the fastest (half-life < 0.05 h), but 2:1 clays containing no structural or adsorbed ferrous iron (hectorite) could also quickly degrade CL-20 (half-life < 0.2 h). CL-20 degradation rates were slower in natural sediments (half-life 3–800 h) compared to minerals. Sediments with slow degradation rates and small sorption would exhibit the highest potential for deep subsurface migration. Products of CL-20 oxic degradation included three high molecular weight compounds and anions (nitrite and formate). The 2–3.5 moles of nitrite produced suggest CL-20 nitro-groups are degraded, and the amount of formate produced (0.2–1.2 moles) suggests the CL-20 cage structure is broken in some sediments. Identification of further degradation products and CL-20 mineralization rates is needed to fully assess the impact of these CL-20 transformation rates on the risk of CL-20 (and degradation product) subsurface movement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - ROCK-forming minerals
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - <f>Kd</f>
KW  - Abiotic degradation
KW  - CL-20
KW  - Explosives
KW  - RDX
KW  - Sorption rate
N1  - Accession Number: 13522555; Szecsody, J.E.; Email Address: jim.szecsody@pnl.gov Girvin, D.C. 1 Devary, B.J. 1 Campbell, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Geosciences Department, Battelle, P.O. Box 999, MS K3-61 Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 56 Issue 6, p593; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: ROCK-forming minerals; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>Kd</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Abiotic degradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CL-20; Author-Supplied Keyword: Explosives; Author-Supplied Keyword: RDX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption rate; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13522555&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kendrick, Brian K.
T1  - Quantum hydrodynamics: Application to N-dimensional reactive scattering.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2471
EP  - 2482
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The quantum hydrodynamic equations associated with the de Broglie-Bohm formulation of quantum mechanics are solved using a new methodology which gives an accurate, unitary, and stable propagation of a time dependent quantum wave packet [B. K. Kendrick, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 5805 (2003)]. The methodology is applied to an N-dimensional model chemical reaction with an activation barrier. A parallel version of the methodology is presented which is designed to run on massively parallel supercomputers. The computational scaling properties of the parallel code are investigated both as a function of the number of processors and the dimension N. A decoupling scheme is introduced which decouples the multidimensional quantum hydrodynamic equations into a set of uncoupled one-dimensional problems. The decoupling scheme dramatically reduces the computation time and is highly parallelizable. Furthermore, the computation time is shown to scale linearly with respect to the dimension N=2,...,100. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 13886000; Kendrick, Brian K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division (T-12, MS-B268), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 8/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 6, p2471; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768512
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13886000&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, Aurora E.
AU  - Sonnenberg, Jason L.
AU  - Hay, P. Jeffrey
AU  - Martin, Richard L.
T1  - Density and wave function analysis of actinide complexes: What can fuzzy atom, atoms-in-molecules, Mulliken, Löwdin, and natural population analysis tell us?
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2563
EP  - 2570
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Recent advances in computational methods have made it possible to calculate the wave functions for a wide variety of simple actinide complexes. Equally important is the ability to analyze the information contained therein and produce a chemically meaningful understanding of the electronic structure. Yet the performance of the most common wave function analyses for the calculation of atomic charge and bond order has not been thoroughly investigated for actinide systems. This is particularly relevant because the calculation of charge and bond order even in transition metal complexes is known to be fraught with difficulty. Here we use Mulliken, Löwdin, natural population analysis, atoms-in-molecules (AIM), and fuzzy atom techniques to determine the charges and bond orders of UO22+, PuO22+, UO2, UO2Cl42-, UO2(CO)52+, UO2(CO)42+, UO2(CN)53-, UO2(CN)42-, UO2(OH)53-, and UO2(OH)42-. This series exhibits a clear experimental and computational trend in bond lengths and vibrational frequencies. The results indicate that Mulliken and Löwdin populations and bond orders are unreliable for the actinyls. Natural population analysis performs well after modification of the partitioning of atomic orbitals to include the 6d in the valence space. The AIM topological partitioning is insensitive to the electron donating ability of the equatorial ligands and the relative atomic volume of the formally U(VI) center is counterintuitively larger than that of O2- in the UO22+ core. Lastly, the calibrated fuzzy atom method yields reasonable bond orders for the actinyls at significantly reduced computational cost relative to the AIM analysis. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ACTINIUM compounds
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ACTINIDE & Fission Product Partitioning & Transmutation (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 13885990; Clark, Aurora E. 1; Email Address: auclark@lanl.gov Sonnenberg, Jason L. 2 Hay, P. Jeffrey 1 Martin, Richard L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Mail Stop B268, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Chemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; Source Info: 8/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 6, p2563; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ACTINIUM compounds; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: ATOMS; Reviews & Products: ACTINIDE & Fission Product Partitioning & Transmutation (Book); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766292
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13885990&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fanourgakis, George S.
AU  - Aprà, Edoardo
AU  - Xantheas, Sotiris S.
T1  - High-level ab initio calculations for the four low-lying families of minima of (H2O)20. I. Estimates of MP2/CBS binding energies and comparison with empirical potentials.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2655
EP  - 2663
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report estimates of complete basis set (CBS) limits at the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation level of theory (MP2) for the binding energies of the lowest-lying isomers within each of the four major families of minima of (H2O)20. These were obtained by performing MP2 calculations with the family of correlation-consistent basis sets up to quadruple ζ quality, augmented with additional diffuse functions (aug-cc-pVnZ, n=D, T, Q). The MP2/CPS estimates are -200.1 (dodecahedron, 30 hydrogen bonds), -212.6 (fused cubes, 36 hydrogen bonds), -215.0 (face-sharing pentagonal prisms, 35 hydrogen bonds), and -217.9 kcal/mol (edge-sharing pentagonal prisms, 34 hydrogen bonds). The energetic ordering of the various (H2O)20 isomers does not follow monotonically the number of hydrogen bonds as in the case of smaller clusters such as the different isomers of the water hexamer. The dodecahedron lies ca. 18 kcal/mol higher in energy than the most stable edge-sharing pentagonal prism isomer. The TIP4P, ASP-W4, TTM2-R, AMOEBA, and TTM2-F empirical potentials also predict the energetic stabilization of the edge-sharing pentagonal prisms with respect to the dodecahedron, albeit they universally underestimate the cluster binding energies with respect to the MP2/CBS result. Among them, the TTM2-F potential was found to predict the absolute cluster binding energies to within <1% from the corresponding MP2/CBS values, whereas the error for the rest of the potentials considered in this study ranges from 3% to 5%. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - MAXIMA & minima
KW  - WATER
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13885978; Fanourgakis, George S. 1 Aprà, Edoardo 1 Xantheas, Sotiris S. 1; Email Address: sotiris.xantheas@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 8/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 6, p2655; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: MAXIMA & minima; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1767519
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13885978&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frischknecht, Amalie L.
AU  - Curro, John G.
T1  - Comparison of random-walk density functional theory to simulation for bead-spring homopolymer melts.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2788
EP  - 2797
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Density profiles for a homopolymer melt near a surface are calculated using a random-walk polymeric density functional theory, and compared to results from molecular dynamics simulations. All interactions are of a Lennard-Jones form, for both monomer-monomer interactions and surface-monomer interactions, rather than the hard core interactions which have been most investigated in the literature. For repulsive systems, the theory somewhat overpredicts the density oscillations near a surface. Nevertheless, near quantitative agreement with simulation can be obtained with an empirical scaling of the direct correlation function. Use of the random phase approximation to treat attractive interactions between polymer chains gives reasonable agreement with simulation of dense liquids near neutral and attractive surfaces. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM walks (Mathematics)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - POLYMER melting
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 13885961; Frischknecht, Amalie L. 1 Curro, John G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 8/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 6, p2788; Subject Term: RANDOM walks (Mathematics); Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: POLYMER melting; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768517
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13885961&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matsukawa, Yoshitaka
AU  - Zinkle, Steven J.
T1  - Dynamic observation of the collapse process of a stacking fault tetrahedron by moving dislocations
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 919
EP  - 923
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Dynamic observation of the microstructure of quenched gold during deformation in a transmission electron microscope revealed that stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs) having perfect pyramid structure were collapsed by direct interaction with moving screw dislocations. Although a recent molecular dynamics computer simulation study found that truncation of SFT before interaction with moving dislocations is a necessary condition for the SFT collapse, the present experimental results clearly show that truncation of SFT is not a crucial factor for the collapse mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - GOLD
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 14109525; Matsukawa, Yoshitaka; Email Address: ym2@ornl.gov Zinkle, Steven J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p919; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.069
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109525&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heinisch, H.L.
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Kurtz, R.J.
T1  - The effects of interfaces on radiation damage production in layered metal composites
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 924
EP  - 928
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Molecular dynamics computer simulations of 5 keV displacement cascades near cube-on-cube Cu–Ni interfaces have been performed. Both coherent interfaces (with large coherency stresses) and semi-coherent interfaces (with misfit dislocations in the interface) typical of nanolayer metal composites are considered. The primary damage state of cascades from 5 keV recoil atoms in the composite differs from that in cascades generated in pure Cu and Ni. In the semi-coherent case some defect clusters form directly on the misfit dislocations. Excluding these, the defect yields for both interface types are about two-thirds of the average yield of defects for cascades in the pure metals. In single cascades, as well as for overlapping multiple cascades, the numbers of surviving defects in the semi-coherent interface are significantly different in the Cu and Ni layers, but they are the same in Cu and Ni for the coherent case. Anti-site atomic mixing occurs near both types of interfaces, more so in the coherent case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - LAYER structure (Solids)
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - COHERENT states
N1  - Accession Number: 14109526; Heinisch, H.L.; Email Address: hl.heinisch@pnl.gov Gao, F. 1 Kurtz, R.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P8-15, P.O. Box 999, Richland WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p924; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: LAYER structure (Solids); Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: COHERENT states; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.142
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109526&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
T1  - Effect of initial oxygen content on the void swelling behavior of fast neutron irradiated copper
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 938
EP  - 941
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Density measurements were performed on high purity copper specimens containing ⩽10 and ∼90 wt ppm oxygen following irradiation in FFTF MOTA 2B. Significant amounts of swelling were observed in both the low-oxygen and oxygen-doped specimens following irradiation to ∼17 dpa at 375 °C and ∼47 dpa at 430 °C. Oxygen doping up to 360 appm (∼90 wt ppm) did not significantly affect the void swelling of copper for these irradiation conditions. This implies that surface energy reduction associated with oxygen segregation and chemisorption on void surfaces is not a significant factor controlling the void swelling behavior in copper irradiated with neutrons to high doses at ∼400 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - COPPER
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - SEGREGATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - CHEMISORPTION
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
N1  - Accession Number: 14109529; Zinkle, S.J. 1; Email Address: zinklesj@ornl.gov Garner, F.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p938; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: SEGREGATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: CHEMISORPTION; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.060
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hashimoto, N.
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Farrell, K.
AU  - Zinkle, S.J.
T1  - Deformation microstructure of neutron-irradiated pure polycrystalline metals
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 947
EP  - 952
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The effects of neutron-irradiation near 80 °C on the deformation behavior of pure polycrystalline metals vanadium (body centered cubic, BCC), copper (face centered cubic, FCC) and zirconium (hexagonal close packed, HCP) have been investigated. Dislocation channel deformation is observed in all metals, and is coincident with prompt plastic instability at yield. Dislocation pileup was observed at grain boundaries in the deformed vanadium irradiated to 0.012 dpa, indicating that channel formation could lead to dislocation pileup and the resulting stress localization could be a source of grain boundary cracking. TEM analysis suggests that the loss of work hardening capacity in irradiated V, Cu, and Zr at higher doses is mainly due to dislocation channeling in local regions that experience a high resolved shear stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
N1  - Accession Number: 14109531; Hashimoto, N.; Email Address: hashimoton@ornl.gov Byun, T.S. 1 Farrell, K. 1 Zinkle, S.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6136 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p947; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.063
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oliver, B.M.
AU  - Causey, R.A.
AU  - Maloy, S.A.
T1  - Deuterium retention and release from highly irradiated annealed tungsten after exposure to a deuterium DC glow discharge
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 977
EP  - 981
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Samples from tungsten rods irradiated by 800 MeV protons in the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center have been used in experiments to study the effects of radiation damage and annealing on the retention of hydrogen isotopes. These samples were annealed and then exposed to deuterium ions using a DC glow discharge. Following exposure, the samples were subjected to a linear temperature ramp from ∼300 to ∼1500 K, and the offgas analyzed by mass spectrometry. The results indicate that annealing to a temperature of only 1273 K for 6 h effectively removed all irradiation-produced traps, and that hydrogen trapping at voids is not as prevalent as had been assumed. Modeling the deuterium release suggests that most of the trapping occurred in near-surface 1.4 eV traps, in a low concentration of uniform 1.4 eV traps, and in 0.95 eV traps likely resulting from oxygen diffusion from the original water-cooled irradiation environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - GLOW discharges
KW  - ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - DEUTERIUM ions
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 14109538; Oliver, B.M. 1; Email Address: brian.oliver@pnl.gov Causey, R.A. 2 Maloy, S.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, M/S P7-22, Richland WA 99352, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p977; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: GLOW discharges; Subject Term: ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc.; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM ions; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Farrell, K.
AU  - Hashimoto, N.
T1  - Plastic instability behavior of bcc and hcp metals after low temperature neutron irradiation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 998
EP  - 1002
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Plastic instability in uniaxial tensile deformation has been investigated for the body centered cubic (bcc) and hexagonal close packed (hcp) pure metals, V, Nb, Mo, and Zr, after low temperature (60–100 °C) neutron irradiation up to 0.7 dpa. Relatively ductile metals, V, Nb, and Zr, experienced uniform deformation prior to necking at low doses and prompt plastic instability at yield at high doses. Mo failed in a brittle mode within the elastic limit at doses above 0.0001 dpa. V showed a quasi-brittle failure at the highest dose of 0.69 dpa. In the ductile metals, plastic instability at yield occurred when the yield stress exceeded the plastic instability stress (PIS), which was nearly independent of dose. The PIS values for V, Nb, Mo, and Zr were about 390, 370, 510, and 170 MPa, respectively. The coincidence of plastic instability at yield and dislocation channeling cannot be generalized for all metallic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA instabilities
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - BRITTLENESS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 14109542; Byun, T.S.; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov Farrell, K. 1 Hashimoto, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6151, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p998; Subject Term: PLASMA instabilities; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: BRITTLENESS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.071
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109542&site=ehost-live&scope=site
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garner, F.A.
AU  - Gelles, D.S.
AU  - Greenwood, L.R.
AU  - Okita, T.
AU  - Sekimura, N.
AU  - Wolfer, W.G.
T1  - Synergistic influence of displacement rate and helium/dpa ratio on swelling of Fe–(9, 12)Cr binary alloys in FFTF at ∼400 °C
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1008
EP  - 1012
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Contrary to the behavior of swelling of model fcc Fe–Cr–Ni alloys irradiated in the same FFTF-MOTA experiment, model bcc Fe–Cr alloys do not exhibit a strong dependence of swelling on dpa rate at ∼400 °C. This is surprising in that an apparent flux sensitivity was observed in an earlier comparative irradiation of the same Fe–Cr binaries conducted in EBR-II and FFTF. The difference in behavior between the two experiments is ascribed to the higher helium generation rates of Fe–Cr alloys in EBR-II compared to that of FFTF, and also the fact that lower dpa rates in FFTF are accompanied by progressively lower helium generation rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BINARY metallic systems
KW  - CHROMIUM-iron-nickel alloys
KW  - SENSITIVITY analysis
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
N1  - Accession Number: 14109544; Garner, F.A. 1; Email Address: frank.garner@pnl.gov Gelles, D.S. 1 Greenwood, L.R. 1 Okita, T. 2 Sekimura, N. 2 Wolfer, W.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Structural Materials Res., P.O. Box 999, M/S P8-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, Japan; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1008; Subject Term: BINARY metallic systems; Subject Term: CHROMIUM-iron-nickel alloys; Subject Term: SENSITIVITY analysis; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.346
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Okita, T.
AU  - Wolfer, W.G.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
AU  - Sekimura, N.
T1  - Influence of boron on void swelling in model austenitic steels
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1013
EP  - 1016
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Model austenitic steels based on Fe–15Cr–16Ni with additions of 0.25Ti, 500 appm B, or 0.25Ti–500 appm B were irradiated in FFTF/MOTA over a wide range of dose rates at ∼400 °C. In addition to the effect of dose rate on swelling, it was desired to study the effect of boron addition to produce variations in He/dpa ratio. A strong effect of dose rate was observed, so strong that the relatively small distances separating the boron-free and doped alloys introduced a complication into the experiment. For specimens irradiated within the core, boron addition had no significant effect. For irradiations conducted near or outside the core edge, swelling appeared to be either enhanced or decreased by boron. The variability was a consequence of a strong dose rate effect overwhelming the influence of boron and helium. It is shown that helium exerted little influence relative to other important factors in these alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMIUM-iron-nickel alloys
KW  - AUSTENITIC steel
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - BORON
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
N1  - Accession Number: 14109545; Okita, T. 1; Email Address: okita1@llnl.gov Wolfer, W.G. 1 Garner, F.A. 2 Sekimura, N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550-0808, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA  3: University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1013; Subject Term: CHROMIUM-iron-nickel alloys; Subject Term: AUSTENITIC steel; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.126
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edwards, D.J.
AU  - Singh, B.N.
T1  - Evolution of cleared channels in neutron-irradiated pure copper as a function of tensile strain
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1072
EP  - 1077
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Tensile specimens of pure copper were neutron irradiated at ∼323 K to a displacement dose of 0.3 dpa (displacement per atom). Five irradiated specimens were tensile tested at 300 K, but four of the specimens were stopped at specific strains – just before the yield point at ∼90% of the macroscopic yield, at 1.5% and 5% elongation, and near the ultimate tensile strength at 14.5% elongation, with the 5th specimen tested to failure (<f>eT=22</f>%). SEM and TEM characterization of the deformed specimens revealed that the plastic strain was confined primarily to the `cleared'' channels only, and that channels were present in a low number even before the macroscopic yield. New primary channels and secondary channels continued to form with increasing strain, suggesting the increase in stress was related directly to the initiation of new channels as earlier sources were exhausted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - COPPER
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14109558; Edwards, D.J. 1; Email Address: dan.edwards@pnl.gov Singh, B.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Structure and Performance Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P8-16, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Materials Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1072; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, Xiao
AU  - Wu, Xianglin
AU  - Li, Meimei
AU  - Stubbins, J.F.
T1  - Modeling tensile response and flow localization effects in selected copper alloys
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1088
EP  - 1092
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Radiation-induced defect structures are known to elevate material yield strength and reduce material ductility. Together, these changes substantially reduce uniform elongation compared to the unirradiated material condition so that the small strains induce plastic instability. This process, commonly known as flow localization, is examined here for selected copper alloys and compared to similar response in 316SS. It is found that uniform elongation levels are limited by a critical material strength which is independent of the irradiation damage state. This result establishes that the details of the post-yield flow and strain hardening processes are less important than the critical stress for controlling plastic instability. In the case of OFHC Cu, post-irradiation heat treatment restores some initial ductility, but also reduces the critical stress for incipient flow localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER alloys
KW  - METALS -- Defects
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - DUCTILITY
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
KW  - PLASMA instabilities
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109561; Pan, Xiao 1 Wu, Xianglin 1 Li, Meimei 1,2 Stubbins, J.F. 1; Email Address: jstubbin@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 214 Nuclear Engineering Laboratory, 103 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801-2984, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1088; Subject Term: COPPER alloys; Subject Term: METALS -- Defects; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: DUCTILITY; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; Subject Term: PLASMA instabilities; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109561&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hiratani, M.
AU  - Bulatov, V.V.
AU  - Zbib, H.M.
T1  - Orientation dependent elastic interaction between a truncated stacking fault tetrahedron and a glissile dislocation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1103
EP  - 1106
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The orientation dependence of elastic interaction between a stacking fault tetrahedron (SFT) and mobile dislocations is investigated for the possibility of unfaulting and subsequent absorption of the SFT. The obtained result indicates that 60° dislocations have stronger interaction with the spontaneously truncated SFT than pure screws or edges. Due to the high activation energy, the collapse and absorption of the SFTs seems to be limited to the cases where the approaching dislocations along 〈1 1 0〉 directly cut the SFTs symmetrically. The anisotropic energetics can contribute to the spatially limited growth of defect-cleared channels observed in the irradiated materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 14109564; Hiratani, M. 1; Email Address: hiratani1@llnl.gov Bulatov, V.V. 1 Zbib, H.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, P.O. Box 808, L-353, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Washington State University, Pullman, WA 49931, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1103; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greenwood, L.R.
AU  - Garner, F.A.
T1  - Impact of transmutation issues on interpretation of data obtained from fast reactor irradiation experiments
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1147
EP  - 1150
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The subject of fission–fusion correlation is usually cast in terms of reactor-to-reactor differences, but recently the fusion community has become aware of the impact of differences within a given surrogate facility, especially in constant time experiments when different dose levels are attained in different positions of one reactor. For some materials, it is not safe to assume that in-reactor spectral variations are small and of no consequence. This point is illustrated using calculations for fusion-relevant materials that were irradiated in the Fast Flux Test Facility–Materials Open Test Assembly (FFTF–MOTA) over a wide range of in-core and out-of-core positions spanning more than two orders of magnitude in dpa rate. It is shown that although both the neutron spectrum and flux changes, the spectral effectiveness factor, dpa/1022 n/cm2 (<f>E>0.1</f> MeV), remains remarkably constant over this range. The transmutation rate per dpa varies strongly with reactor position, however. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMUTATION (Chemistry)
KW  - FAST reactors
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - TESTING laboratories
KW  - NEUTRONS -- Spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 14109573; Greenwood, L.R.; Email Address: larry.greenwood@pnl.gov Garner, F.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, M/S P7-22, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1147; Subject Term: TRANSMUTATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: FAST reactors; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: TESTING laboratories; Subject Term: NEUTRONS -- Spectra; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.272
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mota, F.
AU  - Caturla, M.-J.
AU  - Perlado, J.M.
AU  - Dominguez, E.
AU  - Kubota, A.
T1  - Atomistic simulations of threshold displacement energies in SiO2
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1190
EP  - 1193
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Silica is one of the candidate materials for final focusing mirrors in inertial fusion reactors. This material will be exposed to high neutron irradiation fluxes during operation. Radiation damage results in point defects that can lead to obscuration of this material; that is, degradation of the optical properties of silica. In this paper, we present molecular dynamic simulations of defect production in silica glass. Results on the threshold displacement energies due to oxygen primary knock-on atoms (PKA) are reported concluding that a range of energies (20–40 eV) exists in which the defects have a probability to be created. In addition, we determine a range of distances for a PKA to become a stable defect from its original position. Our present analysis is focused on the formation of oxygen deficient centers (ODC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC theory
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SILICA
KW  - INERTIAL confinement fusion
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - NEUTRON irradiation
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - POINT defects
N1  - Accession Number: 14109582; Mota, F. 1; Email Address: mota@denim.upm.es Caturla, M.-J. 2,3 Perlado, J.M. 1 Dominguez, E. 1 Kubota, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Fusión Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII), José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain  2: Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1190; Subject Term: ATOMIC theory; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: INERTIAL confinement fusion; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: NEUTRON irradiation; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: POINT defects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.264
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurtz, R.J.
AU  - Heinisch, H.L.
T1  - The effects of grain boundary structure on binding of He in Fe
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1199
EP  - 1203
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Computer simulations were performed to explore the effect of grain boundary (GB) structure and properties on the binding of He to boundaries in Fe. Symmetrical tilt GBs spanning a range of GB energies and excess volumes were examined. Molecular statics was used to map the He trapping efficiency at numerous substitutional and interstitial sites in and near each GB. The results showed that both substitutional and interstitial He atoms were trapped at GBs. Interstitial He was more strongly bound (<f>Egbi∼0.5–2.7</f> eV) to the GB core than substitutional He (<f>Egbs∼0.2–0.8</f> eV). The He binding energy was found to increase linearly with GB excess volume. The He capture radius varied from ∼0.3 to 0.7 nm and also depended on GB properties. Finally, the He binding energy varied significantly within the GB core and approximately corresponded to the variation in atomic excess volume normal to the GB plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - IRON
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - SUBSTITUTION reactions
KW  - BINDING energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14109584; Kurtz, R.J.; Email Address: rj.kurtz@pnl.gov Heinisch, H.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1199; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: SUBSTITUTION reactions; Subject Term: BINDING energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.262
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109584&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Osetsky, Yu.N.
AU  - Stoller, R.E.
AU  - Matsukawa, Y.
T1  - Dislocation–stacking fault tetrahedron interaction: what can we learn from atomic-scale modelling
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1228
EP  - 1232
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The high number density of stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs) observed in irradiated fcc metals suggests that they should contribute to radiation-induced hardening and, therefore, taken into account when estimating mechanical properties changes of irradiated materials. The central issue is describing the individual interaction between a moving dislocation and an SFT, which is characterized by a very fine size scale, ∼100 nm. This scale is amenable to both in situ TEM experiments and large-scale atomic modelling. In this paper we present results of an atomistic simulation of dislocation–SFT interactions using molecular dynamics (MD). The results are compared with observations from in situ deformation experiments. It is demonstrated that in some cases the simulations and experimental observations are quite similar, suggesting a reasonable interpretation of experimental observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - ATOMIC theory
KW  - RADIATION hardening (Electronics)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 14109590; Osetsky, Yu.N.; Email Address: osetskiyyn@ornl.gov Stoller, R.E. 1 Matsukawa, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computer Sciences & Mathematics Division, Bldg. 4500S, MS-6138, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1228; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: ATOMIC theory; Subject Term: RADIATION hardening (Electronics); Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.257
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109590&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bacon, D.J.
AU  - Osetsky, Yu.N.
T1  - Hardening due to copper precipitates in α-iron studied by atomic-scale modelling
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1233
EP  - 1237
SN  - 00223115
AB  - We present results of a large-scale atomic-level study of dislocation–precipitate interaction. We have considered a <f>1/2</f> 〈1 1 1〉 edge dislocation gliding in α-iron containing coherent copper precipitates of size from 0.7 to 6 nm over a temperature range from 0 to 450 K. The results demonstrate that some features are qualitatively consistent with earlier theoretical conclusions, e.g. the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) is proportional to <f>L-1</f> and <f>ln(D)</f>, where <f>L</f> and <f>D</f> are precipitate spacing and diameter. Other features, which are intrinsic to the atomic-level nature of the dislocation–precipitate interaction, include strong dependence of the CRSS on temperature, dislocation climb and precipitate phase transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION hardening (Materials)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
KW  - ALPHA iron
KW  - ATOMIC theory
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - QUALITATIVE research
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109591; Bacon, D.J. 1; Email Address: djbacon@liv.ac.uk Osetsky, Yu.N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering, The University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6158, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1233; Subject Term: RADIATION hardening (Materials); Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ALPHA iron; Subject Term: ATOMIC theory; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE research; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.256
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109591&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoller, Roger E.
AU  - Guiriec, Sylvain G.
T1  - Secondary factors influencing cascade damage formation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1238
EP  - 1242
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Primary cascade damage production in iron has been extensively investigated by molecular dynamics, and the average defect production as a function of cascade energy and temperature is well characterized. However, preliminary results indicate several factors alter `normal'' cascade evolution, leading to quite different defect production behavior. Further investigation of three such factors has been carried out: (1) primary knock-on atom (PKA) direction, (2) nearby free surfaces, and (3) pre-existing effects. Results of the investigation confirm these factors significantly impact damage production. Effects include: enhanced defect survival for PKA directions lying in close-packed {1 1 0} planes, increased point defect clustering and larger defect clusters in cascades initiated near a surface, and reduced defect survival in material containing defects. The origin and implications of these effects are discussed relative to the interpretation of certain experimental observations and parameters used in other modeling studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - POINT defects
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - METAL clusters
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 14109592; Stoller, Roger E.; Email Address: rkn@ornl.gov Guiriec, Sylvain G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1238; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: POINT defects; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: METAL clusters; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.288
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109592&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Odette, G.R.
AU  - Yamamoto, T.
AU  - Kishimoto, H.
AU  - Sokolov, M.
AU  - Spätig, P.
AU  - Yang, W.J.
AU  - Rensman, J.-W.
AU  - Lucas, G.E.
T1  - A master curve analysis of F82H using statistical and constraint loss size adjustments of small specimen data
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1243
EP  - 1247
SN  - 00223115
AB  - We assembled a fracture toughness database for the IEA heat of F82H based on a variety of specimen sizes with a nominal ASTM E1921 master curve (MC) reference temperature <f>T0=-119±3</f> °C. However, the data are not well represented by a MC. <f>T0</f> decreases systematically with a decreasing deformation limit <f>Mlim</f> starting at ≈200, which is much higher than the E1921 censoring limit of 30, indicating large constraint loss in small specimens. The small scale yielding <f>T0</f> at high <f>Mlim</f> is <f>≈98±5</f> °C. While, the scatter was somewhat larger than predicted, after model-based adjustments for the effects of constraint loss, the data are in reasonably good agreement with a MC with <f>T0=-98</f> °C. This supports to use of MC methods to characterize irradiation embrittlement, as long as both constraint loss and statistical size effects are properly accounted for. Finally, we note various issues, including sources of the possible excess scatter, which remain to be fully assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUSTENITIC stainless steel
KW  - MARTENSITIC stainless steel
KW  - CONSTRAINTS (Physics)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - EMBRITTLEMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 14109593; Odette, G.R. 1; Email Address: odette@engineering.ucsb.edu Yamamoto, T. 1 Kishimoto, H. 1 Sokolov, M. 2 Spätig, P. 1,3 Yang, W.J. 1 Rensman, J.-W. 4 Lucas, G.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Environmental and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5070, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  3: CRPP EPFL, Switzerland  4: NRG Petten, The Netherlands; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1243; Subject Term: AUSTENITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: MARTENSITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: CONSTRAINTS (Physics); Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: EMBRITTLEMENT; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.255
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharafat, S.
AU  - Ghoniem, N.
AU  - Zinkle, S.
T1  - Thermodynamic stability of oxide, nitride, and carbide coating materials in liquid Sn–25Li
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1429
EP  - 1433
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Tin–lithium (Sn–Li) has been identified as a candidate liquid metal coolant for fusion power reactors. Sn–Li coolants offer a number of advantages compared with pure lithium. The vapor pressure of Sn–25Li (0.25 Li mol fraction) is a factor of ∼1000 lower than that of pure Li, which allows an increase in coolant temperatures by as much as 450 K. Experimental data of the stability of ceramic materials in Sn–Li is scarce. The thermodynamic stability of various oxides, carbides, and nitrides in Sn–Li is estimated as a function of lithium composition and temperature at saturated solute concentrations by evaluating the Gibbs free energy of reaction, (<f>ΔrG</f>). At 773 K most of the studied nitrides, carbides, and some oxides were found to be stable (<f>ΔrG>0</f>). However, oxides of Fe-based alloys, such as Cr2O3 and Fe2O3 were found to be unstable (<f>ΔrG<0</f>) for all lithium compositions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - CARBIDES
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - LITHIUM alloys
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - VAPOR pressure
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - GIBBS' free energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14109647; Sharafat, S. 1; Email Address: shahrams@ucla.edu Ghoniem, N. 1 Zinkle, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, 46-127A Engr. IV, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1597, USA  2: Fusion Materials Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1429; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: CARBIDES; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: LITHIUM alloys; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: VAPOR pressure; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: GIBBS' free energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.210
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Son, S.J.
AU  - Park, K.H.
AU  - Katoh, Y.
AU  - Kohyama, A.
T1  - Interfacial reactions and mechanical properties of W–SiC in-situ joints for plasma facing components
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1549
EP  - 1552
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Joints of tungsten and SiC were produced by a hot-pressing method and characterized on interfacial reaction and ambient temperature mechanical properties. Reaction phases were identified and the diffusion path was demonstrated by means of quantitative analysis. Four distinctive reaction phases, namely tungsten silicides (WSi2, W5Si3) and tungsten carbides (WC, W2C), were formed in various processing conditions. Complex reactions were confirmed in tungsten-SiC diffusion pair, and the diffusion path was experimentally verified as SiC/WSi2/WC/W5Si3/W2C/W. Mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated by flexural and shear tests. Joint shear strength as high as ∼90 MPa was obtained even when substantial interfacial reaction occurred, however, excessive growth of the reaction layer caused a severe degradation in strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14109674; Son, S.J. 1,2; Email Address: sjson@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp Park, K.H. 1 Katoh, Y. 3 Kohyama, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  2: Kohyama Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1549; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.285
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Q.
AU  - Yoshiie, T.
AU  - Muroga, T.
AU  - Yoshida, N.
AU  - Iwai, T.
AU  - Edwards, D.J.
T1  - Microstructural evolution and hardness changes in the interface of Cu/316L joint materials under aging and ion irradiation
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1558
EP  - 1562
SN  - 00223115
AB  - The effects of aging and ion irradiation on microstructure stability and hardness change in the joint materials of CuNiBe/316L and CuAl25/316L have been investigated in the present study. The aging at 673 K for 1000 h or Ni ion irradiation at 573 and 673 K to 10 dpa did not promote the interdiffusion and void swelling at the interface. The hardness in both Cu alloys and stainless steel was increased by irradiation, however, it was decreased by aging except for CuNiBe alloy. The hardness change in CuNiBe alloy was larger than that in CuAl25 alloy. The hardness changes would have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of joint materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - HARDNESS
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - JOINTS (Engineering)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 14109676; Xu, Q. 1; Email Address: xu@rri.kyoto-u.ac.jp Yoshiie, T. 1 Muroga, T. 2 Yoshida, N. 3 Iwai, T. 4 Edwards, D.J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan  2: National Institute for Fusion Science, Gifu 509-5292, Japan  3: Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan  4: Research Center for Nuclear Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319 1106, Japan  5: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1558; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: HARDNESS; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: JOINTS (Engineering); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Mechanical properties; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.326
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong, C.P.C.
AU  - Malang, S.
AU  - Sawan, M.
AU  - Sviatoslavsky, I.
AU  - Mogahed, E.
AU  - Smolentsev, S.
AU  - Majumdar, S.
AU  - Merrill, B.
AU  - Mattas, R.
AU  - Friend, M.
AU  - Bolin, J.
AU  - Sharafat, S.
T1  - APEX advanced ferritic steel, Flibe self-cooled first wall and blanket design
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/08/
VL  - 329-333
M3  - Article
SP  - 1599
EP  - 1604
SN  - 00223115
AB  - As an element in the US Advanced Power Extraction (APEX) program, we evaluated the design option of using advanced nanocomposite ferritic steel (AFS) as the structural material and Flibe as the tritium breeder and coolant. We selected the recirculating flow configuration as our reference design. Based on the material properties of AFS, we found that the reference design can handle a maximum surface heat flux of 1 MW/m2, and a maximum neutron wall loading of 5.4 MW/m2, with a gross thermal efficiency of 47%, while meeting all the tritium breeding and structural design requirements. This paper covers the results of the following areas of evaluation: materials selection, first wall and blanket design configuration, materials compatibility, components fabrication, neutronics analysis, thermal hydraulics analysis including MHD effects, structural analysis, molten salt and helium closed cycle power conversion system, and safety and waste disposal of the recirculating coolant design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRITIC steel
KW  - NANOCOMPOSITE materials
KW  - STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering)
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - BREEDER reactors
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - HEAT flux
KW  - MICROFABRICATION
KW  - HYDRAULIC engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14109685; Wong, C.P.C. 1; Email Address: clement.wong@gat.com Malang, S. 2 Sawan, M. 3 Sviatoslavsky, I. 3 Mogahed, E. 3 Smolentsev, S. 4 Majumdar, S. 5 Merrill, B. 6 Mattas, R. 5 Friend, M. 1 Bolin, J. 1 Sharafat, S. 4; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Fusion Nuclear Technology Consulting, Fliederweg 3, 76351 Linkenheim, Germany  3: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1687, USA  4: University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1597, USA  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  6: INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-3815, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329-333, p1599; Subject Term: FERRITIC steel; Subject Term: NANOCOMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: BREEDER reactors; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: HEAT flux; Subject Term: MICROFABRICATION; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC engineering; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.348
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berkowitz, A. E.
AU  - Harper, H.
AU  - Smith, David J.
AU  - Hu, Hao
AU  - Jiang, Qian
AU  - Solomon, Virgil C.
AU  - Radousky, H. B.
T1  - Hollow metallic microspheres produced by spark erosion.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 940
EP  - 942
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Hollow spherical particles of Ni, CoFe, the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni49Mn30Ga21, and the giant magnetostrictive alloy Fe83Ga17, with diameters up to several tens of microns were produced by spark erosion, using liquid nitrogen as the dielectric liquid. In contrast, the particles were primarily solid when the dielectric liquid was argon. The wall thicknesses of the hollow particles depended on the elemental composition. Different models are considered to account for the formation of the spark-eroded hollow spheres, and some of the potential benefits to be derived from their use are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSPHERES
KW  - SHAPE memory alloys
KW  - SMART materials
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019786; Berkowitz, A. E. 1; Email Address: aberk@ucsd.edu Harper, H. 2 Smith, David J. 3 Hu, Hao 3 Jiang, Qian 3 Solomon, Virgil C. 3 Radousky, H. B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department of Center for Magnetic Recording Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0401  2: Center for Magnetic Recording Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0401  3: Center for Solid State Science and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempre, Arizona 85287-1704  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p940; Subject Term: MICROSPHERES; Subject Term: SHAPE memory alloys; Subject Term: SMART materials; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779962
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hare, D. E.
AU  - Forbes, J. W.
AU  - Reisman, D. B.
AU  - Dick, J. J.
T1  - Isentropic compression loading of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) and the pressure-induced phase transition at 27 GPa.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 949
EP  - 951
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The 27 GPa pressure-induced epsilon–phi phase transition in octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) is explored using the isentropic compression experiment (ICE) technique at the Sandia National Laboratories Z-machine facility. Our data indicate that this phase transition is sluggish and if it does occur to any extent under the time scales (200–500 ns) and strain rates (5×105) typical of ICE loading conditions, the amount of conversion is small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - PHASE rule & equilibrium
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SANDIA National Laboratories
N1  - Accession Number: 14019783; Hare, D. E. 1; Email Address: hare2@llnl.gov Forbes, J. W. 1 Reisman, D. B. 1 Dick, J. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p949; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Subject Term: PHASE rule & equilibrium; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Company/Entity: SANDIA National Laboratories; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771464
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J. van de Lagemaat
AU  - Vanmaekelbergh, D.
AU  - Kelly, J. J.
T1  - Field-dependent charge carrier dynamics in GaN: Excitonic effects.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 958
EP  - 960
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The electric-field dependence of the charge-carrier dynamics in GaN was studied by measuring excitation spectra of the sub-band-gap (yellow) luminescence as a function of bias using a Schottky junction formed at the interface between the semiconductor and an electrolyte solution. At large bias, the contribution of free electrons and holes to the photoluminescence is significantly reduced due to the dead-layer effect. As a result, striking features are revealed in the spectra close to the fundamental absorption. These features are attributed to exciton decay via yellow luminescence centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTROLYTE solutions
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019780; J. van de Lagemaat 1; Email Address: jao_vandelgemaat@nrel.gov Vanmaekelbergh, D. 2 Kelly, J. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Colorado 80401  2: Debye Institute, Utrecht University, P.O. box 80.000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p958; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTE solutions; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779349
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holub, M.
AU  - Chakrabarti, S.
AU  - Fathpour, S.
AU  - Bhattacharya, P.
AU  - Lei, Y.
AU  - Ghosh, S.
T1  - Mn-doped InAs self-organized diluted magnetic quantum-dot layers with Curie temperatures above 300 K.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 973
EP  - 975
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The magnetic and structural properties of InAs:Mn self-organized diluted magnetic quantum dots grown by low-temperature (∼270 °C), solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy using a very low InAs growth rate (<0.1 ML/s) are investigated. A Curie temperature (TC) of ∼350 K is measured in a sample grown with a Mn/In flux ratio of 0.15. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy confirms that most of the Mn remains within the InAs quantum dots. We propose as a possible explanation for this high TC the effects of magnetic and structural disorder introduced by a random incorporation and inhomogeneous distribution of Mn atoms amongst the InAs quantum dots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - GROWTH rate
N1  - Accession Number: 14019775; Holub, M. 1 Chakrabarti, S. 1 Fathpour, S. 1 Bhattacharya, P. 1; Email Address: pkb@eecs.umich.edu Lei, Y. 2 Ghosh, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Solid State Electronics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2122  2: Electron Microscopy Center, Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 6607; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p973; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: GROWTH rate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781361
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, Sangmin
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - Instant curvature measurement for microcantilever sensors.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
EP  - 1084
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A multiple-point deflection technique has been developed for the instant measurement of microcantilever curvature. Eight light-emitting diodes are focused on various positions of a gold-coated silicon cantilever through optical fibers, and temperature change or chemical adsorption induces cantilever bending. The deflection at each point on the cantilever is measured with subnanometer precision by a position-sensitive detector, and thus the curvature of the cantilever is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - DIODES
KW  - OPTICAL fibers
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019737; Jeon, Sangmin 1; Email Address: joensl@ornl.gov Thundat, Thomas 1; Affiliation:  1: Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p1083; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: OPTICAL fibers; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781389
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019737&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Backhaus, S.
AU  - E. Tward
AU  - Petach, M.
T1  - Traveling-wave thermoacoustic electric generator.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1085
EP  - 1087
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Traveling-wave thermoacoustic heat engines have been demonstrated to convert high-temperature heat to acoustic power with high efficiency without using moving parts. Electrodynamic linear alternators and compressors have demonstrated high acoustic-to-electric transduction efficiency as well as long maintenance-free lifetimes. By optimizing a small-scale traveling-wave thermoacoustic engine for use with an electrodynamic linear alternator, we have created a traveling-wave thermoacoustic electric generator; a power conversion system suitable for demanding applications such as electricity generation aboard spacecraft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC generators
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SOUND pressure
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14019736; Backhaus, S. 1; Email Address: backhaus@lanl.gov E. Tward 2 Petach, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Northrop Grumman Space Technology, One Space Park, Redondo Beach, California 90277; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p1085; Subject Term: ELECTRIC generators; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SOUND pressure; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238299 All other building equipment contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781739
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14019736&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghiorso, Albert
T1  - The Radioactive Boy Scout: The True Story of a Boy and His Backyard Nuclear Reactor (Book).
JO  - Chemical & Engineering News
JF  - Chemical & Engineering News
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 82
IS  - 32
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 36
EP  - 37
SN  - 00092347
AB  - Reviews the book "The Radioactive Boy Scout: The True Story of a Boy and His Backyard Nuclear Reactor," by Ken Silverstein.
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - REVIEWS
KW  - SILVERSTEIN, Ken
KW  - RADIOACTIVE Boy Scout: The True Story of a Boy & His Backyard Nuclear Reactor, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14240876; Ghiorso, Albert 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, Calif.; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 82 Issue 32, p36; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Subject Term: REVIEWS; Reviews & Products: RADIOACTIVE Boy Scout: The True Story of a Boy & His Backyard Nuclear Reactor, The (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; People: SILVERSTEIN, Ken; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shengfeng Liu
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of BaAuTI3 and BaAuIn3: Stabilization of BaAI4-Type Examples of the Heavier Triels through Gold Substitution.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 43
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4988
EP  - 4993
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The title compounds have been synthesized by high temperature means and characterized by X-ray structural analysis, physical property measurements, and electronic structure calculations. The compounds crystallize in the three-dimensional tetragonal structure of BaAl4, l4/mmm, Z = 2 (a = 4.8107(4), 4.8604(2) A, and c = 11.980(2), 12.180(2) Å for BaAuln3 and BaAuTl3, respectively). Gold randomly substitutes for 50% of the In or Tl in the apical (4e) positions in the network, generating apical-apical atom distances of 2.77 and 2.70 Å, respectively, values that are comparable to the single bond metallic radii sum for Au plus In, and 0.08 Å less than that for Au plus Tl. Relativistic effects appear to be important for both of the latter elements. The shrinkage in distances and increase in bond strengths evidently stabilize BaAuTl3 relative to the distorted BaTl4 with a presumably oversized triel lattice. EHTB band calculations indicate that the two compounds are electron-deficient relative to optimal Au-Tr and Au-Au bonding and metallic, the latter in agreement with measured properties of BaAuTl3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 14302375; Shengfeng Liu 1 Corbett, John D. 1; Email Address: jcorbett@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-DOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 16, p4988; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic040010r
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bobev, Svilen
AU  - Thompson, Joe D.
AU  - Sarrao, John L.
AU  - Olmstead, Marilyn M.
AU  - Hope, Håkon
AU  - Kauzlarich, Susan M.
T1  - Probing the Limits of the Zintl Concept: Structure and Bonding in Rare-Earth and Alkaline-Earth Zinc-Antimonides Yb9Zn4+xSb9 and Ca9Zn4.5Sb9.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 43
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 5044
EP  - 5052
SN  - 00201669
AB  - A new transition metal Zintl phase, Yb9ZnγSSb9, was prepared by high-temperature flux syntheses as large single crystals, or by direct fusion of the corresponding elements in polycrystalline form. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Its Ca-counterpart, hitherto known as Ca9Zn4Sb9, and the presence of nonstoichiometry in it were also studied. Yb9Zn4+xSb9 was found to exist in a narrow homogeneity range, as suggested from the crystallographic data at 90(3) K (orthorhombic, space group Pbam (No. 55), Z=2): (1) a=21.677(2) Å, b=12.3223(10) Å, c=4.5259(4) Å, R1=3.09%, wR2=7.18% for Yb9Zn4.23(2)Sb9; (2) a=21.706(2) Å, b=12.3381(13) Å, c=4.5297(5) Å, R1=2.98%, wR2=5.63% for Yb9Zn4.380(12)Sb9; and (3) a=21.700(2) Å, b=12.3400(9) Å, c=4.5339(4) Å, R1=2.75%, wR2=5.65% for Yb9Zn4.384(14)Sb9. The isostructural Ca9Zn4.478(8)Sb9 has unit cell parameters a = 21.830(2) Å, b=12.4476(9) Å, and c=4.5414(3) Å (R1=3.33%, wR2=5.83%). The structure type in which these compounds crystallize is related to the Ca9Mn4Bi9 type, and can be considered an interstitially stabilized variant. Formal electron count suggests that the Yb or Ca cations are in the +2 oxidation state. This is supported by the virtually temperature-independent magnetization for Yb9Zn4.5Sb9. Electrical resistivity data show that Yb9Zn4.5Sb9 and Ca9Zn4.5Sb9 are poor metals with room-temperature resistivity of 10.2 and 19.6 mΩ·cm, respectively. The data indicate that the meso carbon atoms of [Fe-(TEtPrP)ClO4] have considerable amounts of positive spin, which in turn indicate that the iron has an unpaired electron in the dxy orbital; the unpaired electron in the dxy orbital is delocalized to the meso positions due to the iron(dxy)-porphyrin(a2u) interaction. Similar results have been obtained in analogous [Fe(TiprP)X] though the intermediate-spin character of [Fe(TiPrP)X] is much larger than that of the corresponding [Fe(TEtPrP)X]. On the basis of these results, we have concluded that the highly ruffled intermediate-spin complexes such as [Fe(TEtPrP)-ClO4] and [Fe(TiPrP)ClO4] adopt a novel (dxz, dyz)3(dxy)1(dz2)1 electron configuration; the electron configuration of the intermediate-spin complexes reported previously is believed to be (dxy)2(dxz, dyz)2(dz2)1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - LINEAR algebras
KW  - ELECTRON configuration
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14302381; Bobev, Svilen 1; Email Address: sbobev@lanl.gov Thompson, Joe D. 2 Sarrao, John L. 2 Olmstead, Marilyn M. 3 Hope, Håkon 3 Kauzlarich, Susan M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANSCE-12/MS H805, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-10/MS K764, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616; Source Info: 8/9/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 16, p5044; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: LINEAR algebras; Subject Term: ELECTRON configuration; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic049836j
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang
AU  - H.-F.
AU  - Stender
AU  - M.
AU  - R.
AU  - Wang
AU  - C.
AU  - Li
AU  - J.
AU  - L.-S.
T1  - Toward the Solution Synthesis of the Tetrahedral Au20 Cluster.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 108
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 12259
EP  - 12263
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We report the observation in solution of the recently discovered tetrahedral Au20 cluster coordinated with eight PPh3 (Ph = phenyl) ligands. The composition and molecular weight of the Au20(PPh3)8 complex were confirmed by the isotopic pattern and accurate mass measurement of its doubly charged cation using high-resolution mass spectrometry. A collision-induced dissociation experiment showed that four PPh3 ligands can be easily removed from Au20(PPh3)82+, resulting in a highly stable Au20(PPh3)42+ ion. This observation is consistent with the tetrahedral Au20, in which the four apex sites are expected to bond to the PPh3 ligands strongly, and is confirmed by theoretical calculations that predict a highly stable Au20(PH3)4 complex with Au-PH3 bond energies of ~1 eV. The current experimental and theoretical observations suggest that large quantities of ligand-stabilized tetrahedral Au20 can be obtained, opening the door for exploring its anticipated novel chemical, optical, and catalytic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TETRAHEDRAL coordinates
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14936103; Zhang H.-F. 1 Stender M. 1 R. 1 Wang C. 1 Li J. 1 L.-S. 1; Affiliation:  1: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 33, p12259; Subject Term: TETRAHEDRAL coordinates; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koltover
AU  - V. K.
AU  - Logan
AU  - J. W.
AU  - Heise
AU  - H.
AU  - Bubnov
AU  - V. P.
AU  - Estrin
AU  - Y. I.
AU  - Kareev
AU  - I. E.
AU  - Lodygina
AU  - Pines
AU  - A.
T1  - Diamagnetic Clusters of Paramagnetic Endometallofullerenes:  A Solid-State MAS NMR Study.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 108
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 12450
EP  - 12455
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Solid powder samples of complexes of the endometallofullerenes (EMF) La@C82 and Y@C82 with hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) were studied by magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR. We have obtained well-resolved 31P NMR spectra and 13C NMR spectra for both La-EMF/HMPA and Y-EMF/HMPA and 139La spectra for the La-EMF/HMPA. The 31P measurements on La-EMF/HMPA and Y-EMF/HMPA have revealed considerable chemical shifts of 31P signals relative to pure HMPA. Two-dimensional exchange 31P experiments revealed that HMPA molecules at different sites in the EMF/HMPA complex do not change positions at a time scale of up to 1 s. Both EMF samples demonstrate a vast chemical shift range for 31P of the bound HMPA molecules. In addition, the La-EMF/HMPA exhibits the enormous spreading of the chemical shifts for 139La. The experimental results suggest that paramagnetic La@C82 and Y@C82 in the solid state form clusters (nanoparticles) in which the exchange coupling of the EMF takes place with quenching of the most electron spins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PARAMAGNETIC contrast media
N1  - Accession Number: 14936129; Koltover V. K. 1 Logan J. W. 1 Heise H. 1 Bubnov V. P. 1 Estrin Y. I. 1 Kareev I. E. 1 Lodygina Pines A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432, Russia and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 33, p12450; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PARAMAGNETIC contrast media; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shkrob
AU  - I. A.
AU  - Sauer
AU  - M. C. Jr.
T1  - Hole Scavenging and Photo-Stimulated Recombination of Electron-Hole Pairs in Aqueous TiO2 Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 108
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 12497
EP  - 12511
SN  - 15206106
AB  - It is shown that 532 and 1064 nm laser photoexcitation of trapped electrons generated by 355 nm photolysis of aqueous titania (TiO2) nanoparticles causes rapid photobleaching of their absorbance band in the visible and near-IR. This photobleaching occurs within the duration of the laser pulse (3 ns fwhm); it is caused by photoinduced electron detrapping followed by rapid recombination of the resulting free electron and a trapped hole. The quantum yield for the electron photobleaching is ca. 0.28 for 532 nm and ca. 0.024 for 1064 nm photoexcitation. Complete separation of the spectral contributions from trapped electron and hole is demonstrated using glycerol as a selective hole scavenger. When glycerol is added to the solution, some light-absorbing holes are scavenged promptly within the duration of the 355 nm photoexcitation pulse, some are scavenged at a slower rate over the first 200 ns after the 355 nm pulse, and the rest are not scavenged, even at high concentration of the scavenger (>10 vol. %). A reaction with chemi- and physisorbed glycerol would account for the prompt and the slow hole decay, respectively. The implications of these results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BLEACHING (Chemistry)
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14936135; Shkrob I. A. 1 Sauer M. C. Jr. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 33, p12497; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: BLEACHING (Chemistry); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shkrob
AU  - I. A.
AU  - Sauer
AU  - M. C. Jr.
AU  - Gosztola
AU  - D.
T1  - Efficient, Rapid Photooxidation of Chemisorbed Polyhydroxyl Alcohols and Carbohydrates by TiO2 Nanoparticles in an Aqueous Solution.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/09/
VL  - 108
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 12512
EP  - 12517
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy has been used to study electron dynamics in aqueous anatase nanoparticles (pH = 4, 4.6 nm diameter) in the presence of hole scavengers:  chemisorbed polyols and carbohydrates. These polyhydroxy compounds are rapidly oxidized by the holes on the nanoparticles; 50-60% of these holes are scavenged within the duration of 3.3 ns fwhm, 355 nm excitation laser pulse. The scavenging efficiency rapidly increases with the number of anchoring hydroxyl groups and varies considerably as a function of the carbohydrate structure. A specific binding site for the polyols and carbohydrates is suggested that involves an octahedral Ti atom chelated by the -CH2(OH)-CH2(OH)- ligand. This mode of binding accounts for the depletion of undercoordinated Ti atoms observed in the XANES spectra of coated nanoparticles. We suggest that these binding sites trap a substantial fraction of holes before the latter descend to surface traps and/or recombine with free electrons. The resulting oxygen hole center rapidly loses a C-H proton to the environment, yielding a metastable, titanium-bound, ketyl radical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYPHENOLS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - POLYOLS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14936136; Shkrob I. A. 1 Sauer M. C. Jr. 1 Gosztola D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 33, p12512; Subject Term: POLYPHENOLS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: POLYOLS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radlinski, A.P.
AU  - Mastalerz, M.
AU  - Hinde, A.L.
AU  - Hainbuchner, M.
AU  - Rauch, H.
AU  - Baron, M.
AU  - Lin, J.S.
AU  - Fan, L.
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P.
T1  - Application of SAXS and SANS in evaluation of porosity, pore size distribution and surface area of coal
JO  - International Journal of Coal Geology
JF  - International Journal of Coal Geology
Y1  - 2004/08/10/
VL  - 59
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 271
SN  - 01665162
AB  - This paper discusses the applicability of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques for determining the porosity, pore size distribution and internal specific surface area in coals. The method is noninvasive, fast, inexpensive and does not require complex sample preparation. It uses coal grains of about 0.8 mm size mounted in standard pellets as used for petrographic studies.Assuming spherical pore geometry, the scattering data are converted into the pore size distribution in the size range 1 nm (10 Å) to 20 μm (200,000 Å) in diameter, accounting for both open and closed pores. FTIR as well as SAXS and SANS data for seven samples of oriented whole coals and corresponding pellets with vitrinite reflectance (Ro) values in the range 0.55% to 5.15% are presented and analyzed. Our results demonstrate that pellets adequately represent the average microstructure of coal samples.The scattering data have been used to calculate the maximum surface area available for methane adsorption. Total porosity as percentage of sample volume is calculated and compared with worldwide trends. By demonstrating the applicability of SAXS and SANS techniques to determine the porosity, pore size distribution and surface area in coals, we provide a new and efficient tool, which can be used for any type of coal sample, from a thin slice to a representative sample of a thick seam. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Coal Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COAL
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - METHANE
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - Coal
KW  - Pore size distribution
KW  - Porosity
KW  - SANS
KW  - SAXS
KW  - Surface area
N1  - Accession Number: 13956222; Radlinski, A.P. 1 Mastalerz, M. 2; Email Address: mmastale@indiana.edu Hinde, A.L. 1 Hainbuchner, M. 3 Rauch, H. 3 Baron, M. 4 Lin, J.S. 5 Fan, L. 6 Thiyagarajan, P. 6; Affiliation:  1: Geoscience Australia, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia  2: Indiana Geological Survey, Indiana University, 611 North Walnut Grove, Bloomington, IN, USA  3: Atominstitut der Österreichischen Universitäten, Vienna, Austria  4: Institute Max von Laue—Paul Langevin, Grenoble, France  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  6: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 59 Issue 3/4, p245; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pore size distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: SANS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAXS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface area; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.coal.2004.03.002
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gor'kov, L. P.
AU  - Teitel'baum, G. B.
T1  - Pseudogap Behavior of Nuclear Spin Relaxation in High-Tc Superconductors in Terms of Phase Separation.
JO  - JETP Letters
JF  - JETP Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/10/
VL  - 80
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 195
EP  - 199
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00213640
AB  - We analyze anew experiments on the NMR in cuprates and find an important information on their phase separation and its strip character hidden in the dependence of 1/63T1 on the degree of doping. In a broad class of materials, 1/63T1 is the sum of two terms: the temperature-independent one attributed to “incommensurate” strips that occur at external doping and a “universal” temperature-dependent term ascribed to moving metallic and antiferromagnetic subphases. We argue that the frustrated first-order phase transition in a broad temperature interval bears a dynamical character. © 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of JETP Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC materials
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
N1  - Accession Number: 14554852; Gor'kov, L. P. 1,2 Teitel'baum, G. B. 3; Email Address: grteit@dionis.kfti.knc.ru; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.  2: Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia.  3: Zavoiskii Institute for Technical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, 420029 Russia.; Source Info: 8/10/2004, Vol. 80 Issue 3, p195; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1808849
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Da-Jiang
AU  - Evans, J.W.
T1  - Lattice-gas modeling of the formation and ordering of oxygen adlayers on Pd(1 0 0)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08/10/
VL  - 563
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 26
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We construct a lattice-gas (LG) model to describe not just the ordering of equilibrated adlayers of chemisorbed oxygen on Pd(1 0 0), but also the non-equilibrium ordering observed during dissociative adsorption of molecular oxygen on Pd(1 0 0). First, by combining transfer matrix analysis and Monte Carlo simulations, we determine the equilibrium phase diagrams for candidate LG models with pairwise-additive interactions including nearest-neighbor (NN) exclusion, second NN repulsion, third NN attraction, and possibly fourth NN repulsion. These interactions are selected so as to recover the p<f>(2×2)</f> and c<f>(2×2)</f> ordering observed in experiment. Interaction strengths are assessed by matching simulated and experimental phase diagrams. Second, a kinetic model is constructed to describe dissociative adsorption of molecular oxygen on second NN empty sites (consistent with NN exclusion), as well as subsequent thermally activated surface diffusion, and adlayer formation. Hopping rates for the latter reflect the selected adspecies interactions through detailed-balance constraints. By comparing simulated diffracted intensities for non-equilibrium adlayer structure during adsorption with experimental data for various temperatures and pressures, we demonstrate the existence of transient mobility for dissociative adsorption in this system, and also determine the magnitude of the thermal diffusion barrier. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics
KW  - Models of non-equilibrium phenomena
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Surface diffusion
KW  - Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions)
N1  - Accession Number: 13904006; Liu, Da-Jiang 1; Email Address: dajiang@fi.ameslab.gov Evans, J.W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory – USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Ames Laboratory – USDOE and Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 563 Issue 1-3, p13; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of non-equilibrium phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface thermodynamics (including phase transitions); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.165
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Feng
AU  - Wang, Peng
AU  - Koberstein, J.
AU  - Khalid, S.
AU  - Chan, Siu-Wai
T1  - Cerium oxidation state in ceria nanoparticles studied with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and absorption near edge spectroscopy
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08/10/
VL  - 563
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 82
SN  - 00396028
AB  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy experiments are used to investigate the oxidation state of cerium ions in ceria nanoparticles. A comparison of results shows that XPS yields a higher concentration of Ce3+ ions, even after analysis with a core–shell model. Three factors are proposed for the discrepancy between results: surface reduction of ceria in the XPS vacuum chamber enhanced by X-ray radiation, fast reduction dynamics associated with ceria nanoparticles, and a diffuse depth profile of the Ce3+ concentration inside ceria particles. Our results suggest that the high-vacuum XPS studies of ceria have overestimated the Ce3+ concentration in ceria nanoparticles under ambient condition. More importantly, we have demonstrated the importance of using complimentary surface analysis techniques to investigate the valence state of ceria nanoparticles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - CERIUM
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - Cerium
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13904011; Zhang, Feng 1 Wang, Peng 2 Koberstein, J. 2 Khalid, S. 3 Chan, Siu-Wai 1; Email Address: sc174@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, MRSEC, Columbia University, MC 4701, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, MRSEC, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  3: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 563 Issue 1-3, p74; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cerium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.05.138
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamakoti, Preeti
AU  - Horvath, Joshua
AU  - Gellman, Andrew J.
AU  - Sholl, David S.
T1  - Titration of chiral kink sites on Cu(6 4 3) using iodine adsorption
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08/10/
VL  - 563
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 206
EP  - 216
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Density functional theory (DFT) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) experiments have been used to probe the site preferences of adsorbed iodine atoms on Cu surfaces. DFT calculations are presented for iodine adsorption on Cu(1 1 1), Cu(1 0 0), Cu(2 2 1), Cu(5 3 3), Cu(5 3 1), and Cu(6 4 3). Additional DFT calculations are presented for I adsorption on a stepped Cu surface that mimics a thermally roughened Cu(6 4 3) surface. The molecular desorption of R-3-methylcyclohexanone from clean and iodine precovered Cu(6 4 3) has been used to experimentally examine the location of iodine on this surface. Our results show that there is a strong energetic preference for iodine to adsorb at step edges on Cu surfaces vicinal to Cu(1 1 1) and that when kinks are present in surface steps, iodine prefers to adsorb in the vicinity of these kinks over adsorbing along straight step edges. Thus, the adsorption of atomic iodine can be used to selectively titrate the kink sites on intrinsically chiral Cu surfaces vicinal to Cu(1 1 1). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - THERMAL desorption
KW  - COPPER
KW  - IODINE
KW  - Copper
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Iodine
KW  - Stepped single crystal surfaces
KW  - Thermal desorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13904023; Kamakoti, Preeti 1,2 Horvath, Joshua 1 Gellman, Andrew J. 1 Sholl, David S. 1,2; Email Address: sholl@andrew.cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 563 Issue 1-3, p206; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: THERMAL desorption; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: IODINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iodine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stepped single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal desorption spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.160
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13904023&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taatjes, Craig A.
AU  - Osborn, David L.
AU  - Cool, Terrill A.
AU  - Nakajima, Koichi
T1  - Synchrotron photoionization measurements of combustion intermediates: the photoionization efficiency of HONO
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 394
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 24
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Abstract: The HONO radical has recently been observed by photoionization mass spectrometry in low-pressure hydrogen–oxygen flames doped with NO2. The photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectrum has been measured between 10.83 and 11.63 eV. A Franck–Condon simulation using calculated geometries and force constants of the cation and neutral, and including the effects of Duschinsky rotation, is presented to describe the PIE as a function of photon energy. The simulated PIE is used as a fitting function to estimate the adiabatic ionization potential from the experimental data. The apparent ionization threshold of (10.97±0.03) eV is in excellent agreement with calculated values and is consistent with published bracketing determinations of the proton affinity of NO2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 18656641; Taatjes, Craig A. 1; Email Address: cataatj@sandia.gov Osborn, David L. 1 Cool, Terrill A. 2; Email Address: tac13@cornell.edu Nakajima, Koichi 2; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA  2: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 394 Issue 1-3, p19; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.103
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bagus, Paul S.
AU  - Broer, R.
AU  - Ilton, Eugene S.
T1  - A new near degeneracy effect for photoemission in transition metals
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 394
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 154
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Abstract: A previously neglected intra-atomic many-body effect has important consequences for the X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) of transition metal atoms and cations. This effect involves configurations where one elctron is promoted to a 4f orbital and another is dropped to fill the XPS hole; this can be viewed as a frustrated Auger configuration (FAC). The identification of this FAC is a major advance in the understanding of many-body effects in XPS. Its use affects the multiplet splitting and the absolute binding energy; it can also lead to new satellite structure. Furthermore, it is expected to be generally important. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 18656667; Bagus, Paul S. 1; Email Address: bagus@mail.chem.tamu.edu Broer, R. 2 Ilton, Eugene S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, P.O. Box 30012, Denton, TX 76203-5070, USA  2: Department of Chemical Physics and Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 394 Issue 1-3, p150; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: CATIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.120
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cage, Brant
AU  - Friedrich, Jochen
AU  - Little, Reginald B.
AU  - Wang, Yi-Sheng
AU  - McFarland, Melinda A.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Dalal, Naresh
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Wavelength resolved laser-induced fluorescence emission of trapped in an ion cyclotron resonance cell
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 394
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 188
EP  - 193
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Abstract: We have measured the wavelength resolved fluorescence emission laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectrum of confined in an open cylindrical ion cyclotron resonance Penning trap. Ion cyclotron resonant azimuthal quadrupolar excitation successfully mass-selects and traps the ions for 10 s for repeated laser interrogation, and establishes that the observed fluorescence is from ions. Electron-induced fluorescence (EIF) emission spectra of the same species were acquired for comparison. Vibrational structure was resolved for both LIF and EIF, and our assignments are consistent with prior literature values in the absence of ion trapping and high magnetic field (3 T). This work represents the first determination of wavelength resolved LIF emission spectra of organic ions in a Penning trap. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - ION traps
N1  - Accession Number: 18656674; Cage, Brant 1 Friedrich, Jochen 1 Little, Reginald B. 2 Wang, Yi-Sheng 1 McFarland, Melinda A. 1 Hendrickson, Christopher L. 1,3 Dalal, Naresh 3 Marshall, Alan G. 1,3; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 394 Issue 1-3, p188; Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: ION traps; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.119
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Landa, Alex
AU  - Söderlind, Per
T1  - First-principles calculations of stability of δ-Pu–Am alloys
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 376
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 67
SN  - 09258388
AB  - First-principles methods are employed to study the ground-state properties of Pu–Am systems. Calculated density of δ-Pu100-cAmc alloys (<F>c=30</F> at.%) agrees well with the experimental data. The paramagnetic (PM) → antiferromagnetic (AF) transition temperature (Tc) of Pu100-cAmc alloys is calculated by the Monte Carlo technique. By introducing Am into the system, one could lower Tc from ∼548 K (pure Pu) to 372 K (Pu70Am30). We also found that, contrary to pure Pu where this transition destabilizes the δ-phase, Pu3Am compound remains stable in the antiferromagnetic phase that correlates with recent discovery of a Curie–Weiss behavior in Pu100-cAmc system at <F>c≈24</F> at.%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - TRANSITION temperature
KW  - δ-Pu–Am
KW  - Magnetism
N1  - Accession Number: 13807187; Landa, Alex; Email Address: landa1@llnl.gov Söderlind, Per 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 376 Issue 1/2, p62; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: TRANSITION temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: δ-Pu–Am; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetism; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.01.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jang, Sung-Yeon
AU  - Marquez, Manuel
AU  - Sotzing, Gregory A.
T1  - Rapid Direct Nanowriting of Conductive Polymer via Electrochemical Oxidative Nanolithography.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 126
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 9476
EP  - 9477
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article focuses on a study related to rapid direct nanowriting of conductive polymer via electrochemical oxidative nanolithography. The ability to rapidly pattern and write conductive polymers has been identified as one of the target areas for fabrication of organic electronic and optoelectronic devices. The conductive AFM tip can move in a programmed manner and, furthermore, the potential can be held constant, pulsed, square wave, or scanned, triangular wave. The entire procedure is a maskless, one-step process that does not contain any sophisticated steps of patterning and developing.
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL apparatus
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - ORGANIC electronics
KW  - ORGANIC solid state chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14256768; Jang, Sung-Yeon 1 Marquez, Manuel 2 Sotzing, Gregory A. 1; Email Address: sotzing@mail.ims.uconn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269.  2: Chemical Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and The Nanotechnology Lab, Kraft Foods R&D, 801 Waukegan Road, Glen view, Illinois 60025; Source Info: 8/11/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 31, p9476; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL apparatus; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: ORGANIC electronics; Subject Term: ORGANIC solid state chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rumolo, G.
AU  - Tomas, R.
T1  - Decoherence of a longitudinally kicked beam with chromaticity
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 528
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 670
EP  - 676
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In this report a method to measure the machine chromaticity is presented. This method consists in applying a longitudinal kick to the beam and computing the Fourier transform of the transverse turn-by-turn position. Analytical expressions for the Fourier transform are derived, which show how the chromaticity can be inferred from the synchrotron sidebands. Multiparticle simulations are also performed to validate the analytical expressions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MODELS & modelmaking
KW  - Chromaticity
KW  - Decoherence
KW  - Non-linear theory
KW  - Optics
N1  - Accession Number: 13904030; Rumolo, G. 1; Email Address: G.Rumolo@gsi.de Tomas, R. 2; Email Address: rtomas@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: GSI, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 911B, Upton, NY 11073, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 3, p670; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MODELS & modelmaking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromaticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decoherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-linear theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.206
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muhrer, G.
AU  - Stupnik, A.
AU  - Schachinger, E.
T1  - A new implementation of scattering kernels in MCNPX
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 528
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 707
EP  - 716
SN  - 01689002
AB  - With the increased demand for cold neutrons the designers of cold sources are challenged to improve the quality of theoretical predictions of the behavior of such sources. This challenge can be met by improving codes like MCNPX or by improving the physics behind the codes. This paper discusses the impact improving the code has on the results of calculations in comparison with experiment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - FORECASTING
KW  - KERNEL functions
KW  - COMPLEX variables
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - MCNPX
KW  - NJOY
KW  - Scattering kernel
N1  - Accession Number: 13904032; Muhrer, G. 1; Email Address: muhrer@lanl.gov Stupnik, A. 2 Schachinger, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANSCE-12, Mailstop H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, Graz University of Technology, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 3, p707; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: FORECASTING; Subject Term: KERNEL functions; Subject Term: COMPLEX variables; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCNPX; Author-Supplied Keyword: NJOY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scattering kernel; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.204
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Indurthy, D.
AU  - Erwin, A.R.
AU  - Harris, D.A.
AU  - Kopp, S.E.
AU  - Proga, M.
AU  - Zwaska, R.M.
T1  - Study of neutron-induced ionization in helium and argon chamber gases
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 528
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 731
EP  - 740
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present studies of helium- and argon-filled ionization chambers exposed to intense neutron fluxes from PuBe neutron sources <f>(En=1</f>–<f>10 MeV)</f>. The sources emit about <f>108</f> neutrons per second. The number of ion pairs in the chamber gas volume per incident neutron is derived. While limited in precision because of a large gamma ray background from the PuBe sources, our results are consistent with the expectation that the neutrons interact purely elastically in the chamber gas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - ARGON
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - Elastic scattering
KW  - Electrical phenomena in gases
KW  - Ionization chambers
KW  - Neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 13904035; Indurthy, D. 1 Erwin, A.R. 2 Harris, D.A. 3 Kopp, S.E. 1; Email Address: kopp@mail.hep.utexas.edu Proga, M. 1 Zwaska, R.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-1081, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 528 Issue 3, p731; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrical phenomena in gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization chambers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.210
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sherby, Oleg D.
AU  - Goldberg, Alfred
AU  - Ruano, Oscar A.
T1  - Solute-diffusion-controlled dislocation creep in pure aluminium containing 0.026 at. % Fe.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/08/11/
VL  - 84
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 2417
EP  - 2434
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Pure aluminium containing about 200 at.ppm Fe in solution is shown to creep about 106 times slower at 200°C than the same aluminium containing a negligible amount of iron in solution. The high creep resistance of the Al-200 at.ppm Fe alloy is attributed to the presence of subgrain boundaries containing iron solute atoms. It is proposed that the opposing stress fields from subgrain boundaries and from the piled-up dislocations during creep are cyclically relaxed, by iron solute diffusion, to allow climb of the lead dislocation in the pile-up. The mechanism is a form of mechanical ratcheting. The model is applied to Al-Fe alloys and correctly predicts that the creep rate is controlled by the rate of iron solute diffusion and by a temperature dependence equal to the activation energy for iron diffusion, namely Qc = 221 kJ mol-1. Basic creep studies on solid-solution alloying with solute atoms that diffuse slowly in the lattice of aluminium (e.g. manganese, chromium, titanium and vanadium) appear worthy of study as a way of enhancing creep strength and of understanding creep mechanisms involving solute-atom-containing subgrain boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS -- Creep
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14266523; Sherby, Oleg D. 1 Goldberg, Alfred 2 Ruano, Oscar A. 3; Email Address: ruano@cenim.csic.es; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-342, Livermore, California 94551, USA.  3: Department of Physical Metallurgy, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalürgicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Avenida Gregorio del Amo 8, 28040 Madrid, Spain.; Source Info: 8/11/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 23, p2417; Subject Term: METALS -- Creep; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430410001690006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shahkhatuni
AU  - A. G.
AU  - A. A.
AU  - Panosyan
AU  - H. A.
AU  - Park
AU  - G. H. J.
AU  - Martin
AU  - R. W.
AU  - Pines
AU  - A.
T1  - NMR Studies of 13C-Iodomethane:  Different Behavior in Thermotropic and Lyotropic Liquid Crystals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 108
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 6809
EP  - 6813
SN  - 10895639
AB  - High-resolution NMR spectra of 13C-iodomethane dissolved in thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystalline solvents have been used to measure 1H-1H and 13C-1H dipolar couplings. The ratio of these two couplings, which is a function of the H-C-H bond angle in 13C-iodomethane, is, in general, different from that expected from the known molecular structure; solvent-solute interactions in liquid crystalline solutions are responsible for this difference. In thermotropic liquid crystalline solutions, the apparent bond angle deviation (Δθa) increases with decreasing molecular ordering. In contrast, in lyotropic liquid crystals, no significant spectral aberration has been observed. These results indicate a fundamental physicochemical difference between the intermolecular interactions that prevail in thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID crystals
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14936444; Shahkhatuni A. G. 1 A. A. 1 Panosyan H. A. 1 Park G. H. J. 1 Martin R. W. 1 Pines A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Molecule Structure Research Center, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 33, p6809; Subject Term: LIQUID crystals; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roth, E.P.
AU  - Doughty, D.H.
AU  - Franklin, J.
T1  - DSC investigation of exothermic reactions occurring at elevated temperatures in lithium-ion anodes containing PVDF-based binders
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 134
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 222
EP  - 234
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been used to measure the thermal interactions between several binder materials and representative anode carbons both in the presence of cell electrolyte (EC:DEC/1M <F>LiPF6+2 wt.%</F> vinylene carbonate) and after washing/drying. Binders consisting of homo- or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) were examined as well as other fluorinated and non-fluorinated binder materials. The heat evolved by the reactions of these materials was compared to that arising from other exothermic phenomena occurring in charged anodes at elevated temperatures. A matrix of anode material combinations was designed to investigate the role of carbon structure, carbon surface area, state of charge, binder level and presence of electrolyte. The temperature and magnitude of the exothermic reactions were measured up to 375 °C and average enthalpy values were obtained over several duplicate samples to allow good quantitative comparison of the material reactions. The exothermic anode reactions were sensitive to the state of charge and presence of electrolyte. The magnitude of the reactions increased with increasing surface area of the carbon particles. However, similar reaction enthalpies were seen for all binder materials and binder levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Anode
KW  - Binder
KW  - DSC
KW  - Li-ion battery
KW  - PVDF
KW  - Thermal abuse
N1  - Accession Number: 13805885; Roth, E.P. 1; Email Address: eproth@sandia.gov Doughty, D.H. 1 Franklin, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lithium Battery R&D Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Solvay Research & Technology, Brussels, Belgium; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 134 Issue 2, p222; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Binder; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: PVDF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal abuse; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Striebel, K.A.
AU  - Sierra, A.
AU  - Shim, J.
AU  - Wang, C.-W.
AU  - Sastry, A.M.
T1  - The effect of compression on natural graphite anode performance and matrix conductivity
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 134
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
EP  - 251
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Anodes for lithium-ion cells were constructed from three types of natural graphite, two coated spherical and one flaky. Anode samples were compressed from 0 to 300 kg/cm2 and cycled in half-cells to study the relations between anode density, SEI formation and anode cyclability. The C/25 formation of the SEI layer was found to depend on the nature of the graphite and the anode density. Compression of the uncoated graphite lead to an increased conductivity, but only slight improvements in the efficiency of the formation process. Compression of the anodes made from the amorphous-carbon-coated graphites greatly improved both the reversible capacity and first-cycle efficiency. In addition, the fraction of the irreversible charge associated with the surface of the graphite increased with compression, from both an increase in the electrolyte contact as well as compression of the amorphous layer. The cyclability of all of the anodes tended to improve with compression. This suggests that it is the improvement in the conductivity of the anode plays more of a role in the improvement in the cyclability than the formation process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ANODES
KW  - CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes
KW  - Carbon-coated graphite
KW  - Cyclability
KW  - Lithium-ion batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 13805887; Striebel, K.A. 1; Email Address: kastriebel@lbl.gov Sierra, A. 1 Shim, J. 1 Wang, C.-W. 2 Sastry, A.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2129, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 134 Issue 2, p241; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ANODES; Subject Term: CONDUCTIVITY of electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon-coated graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cyclability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion batteries; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.052
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhuang, Guorong V.
AU  - Chen, Guoying
AU  - Shim, Joongpyo
AU  - Song, Xiangyun
AU  - Ross, Philip N.
AU  - Richardson, Thomas J.
T1  - Li2CO3 in LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathodes and its effects on capacity and power
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 134
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 297
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Lithium carbonate is commonly found on the surfaces of lithiated cathode active materials that have been exposed to air. Long-term exposure of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 electrodes produced a dense Li2CO3 coating, approximately 10 nm in thickness that severely reduced both the accessible capacity and the rate at which the electrodes could be cycled. Ex situ X-ray diffraction patterns of cycled electrodes revealed a bimodal distribution of active material in different states of charge. Particle isolation is proposed to contribute to both capacity and power losses, and possible mechanisms related to the formation of Li2CO3 are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - Battery capacity
KW  - Battery power
KW  - Capacity fade
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Power fade
N1  - Accession Number: 13805891; Zhuang, Guorong V. 1 Chen, Guoying 2 Shim, Joongpyo 2 Song, Xiangyun 2 Ross, Philip N. 1 Richardson, Thomas J. 2; Email Address: tjrichardson@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 134 Issue 2, p293; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Battery power; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacity fade; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power fade; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.02.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mavis, Bora
AU  - Akinc, Mufit
T1  - Three-component layer double hydroxides by urea precipitation: structural stability and electrochemistry
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 134
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 308
EP  - 317
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Three-component layer double hydroxides (LDHs) with varying compositions were produced by urea precipitation, and tested for their stability and electrochemical performance. Optimum initial metal ion concentrations in the starting solutions were established. Initial Al3+ concentration in the solution needs to be at least 0.015 M for the LDH formation. From the solutions with initial Al3+ concentration of 0.025 M, higher fractions of Ni2+ and Co2+ could be recovered. Co2+ could be incorporated at various levels without disturbing the LDH structure. LDH structure proved stable once it formed. Cyanate in the LDHs was dominantly N-bonded which contributed to the stability of the structure. Highest specific discharge capacity delivered by a LDH was 336 mAh/g, which was about 30% higher than that by β-Ni(OH)2. LDHs reached their stable capacities at a lower rate than either β-Ni(OH)2 or the interstratified-Ni(OH)2 (<F>α+β</F>). The interstratified sample delivered the highest capacity compared to any of the tested compositions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Electrochemistry
KW  - FTIR
KW  - Layer double hydroxides
KW  - Nickel hydroxide
KW  - Urea precipitation
N1  - Accession Number: 13805893; Mavis, Bora 1 Akinc, Mufit; Email Address: makinc@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Materials Science and Engineering Department, 3053 Gilman Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 134 Issue 2, p308; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: FTIR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layer double hydroxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel hydroxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Urea precipitation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrett, Chris L.
AU  - Chen, William Y.C.
AU  - Zheng, Michelle J.
T1  - Discrete dynamical systems on graphs and Boolean functions
JO  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
JF  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 66
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 497
SN  - 03784754
AB  - Discrete dynamical systems based on dependency graphs have played an important role in the mathematical theory of computer simulations. In this paper, we are concerned with parallel dynamical systems (PDS) and sequential dynamical systems (SDS) with the OR and NOR functions as local functions. It has been recognized by Barrett, Mortveit and Reidys that SDS with the NOR function are closely related to combinatorial properties of the dependency graphs. We present an evaluation scheme for systems with the OR and NOR functions which can be used to clarify some basic properties of the dynamical systems. We show that for forests that does not contain a single edge the number of orientations equals the number of different OR-SDS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics & Computers in Simulation is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - Fixed point
KW  - Garden-of-Eden (GOE)
KW  - Parallel dynamical system (PDS)
KW  - Periodic point
KW  - Sequential dynamical system (SDS)
KW  - State space
N1  - Accession Number: 13806184; Barrett, Chris L. 1; Email Address: barrett@lanl.gov Chen, William Y.C. 2; Email Address: chen@nankai.edu.cn Zheng, Michelle J. 2; Email Address: jzheng@eyou.com; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, CCS-5, MS M997, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Center for Combinatorics, LPMC, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 66 Issue 6, p487; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fixed point; Author-Supplied Keyword: Garden-of-Eden (GOE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Parallel dynamical system (PDS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Periodic point; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential dynamical system (SDS); Author-Supplied Keyword: State space; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matcom.2004.03.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Somorjai, Gabor A.
T1  - On the move.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7001
M3  - Article
SP  - 730
EP  - 730
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Focuses on heterogenous catalysis and the emergence of flexibility and mobility as key features of catalytically active metal surfaces. Models for the interaction of an enzyme with its substrate; Implications of the similarity in the behavior of heterogenous and enzyme catalysts.
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - METALS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
N1  - Accession Number: 14097110; Somorjai, Gabor A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 8/12/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7001, p730; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/430730a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haeni, J.H.
AU  - Irvin, P.
AU  - Chang, W.
AU  - Uecker, R.
AU  - Reiche, P.
AU  - Li, Y.L.
AU  - Choudhury, S.
AU  - Tian, W.
AU  - Hawley, M.E.
AU  - Craigo, B.
AU  - Tagantsev, A.K.
AU  - Pan, X.Q.
AU  - Streiffer, S.K.
AU  - Chen, L.Q.
AU  - Kirchoefer, S.W.
AU  - Levy, J.
AU  - Schlom, D.G.
T1  - Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7001
M3  - Article
SP  - 758
EP  - 761
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Systems with a ferroelectric to paraelectric transition in the vicinity of room temperature are useful for devices. Adjusting the ferroelectric transition temperature (Tc) is traditionally accomplished by chemical substitution-as in BaxSr1-xTiO3, the material widely investigated for microwave devices in which the dielectric constant (er) at GHz frequencies is tuned by applying a quasi-static electric field. Heterogeneity associated with chemical substitution in such films, however, can broaden this phase transition by hundreds of degrees, which is detrimental to tunability and microwave device performance. An alternative way to adjust Tc in ferroelectric films is strain. Here we show that epitaxial strain from a newly developed substrate can be harnessed to increase Tc by hundreds of degrees and produce room-temperature ferroelectricity in strontium titanate, a material that is not normally ferroelectric at any temperature. This strain-induced enhancement in Tc is the largest ever reported. Spatially resolved images of the local polarization state reveal a uniformity that far exceeds films tailored by chemical substitution. The high er at room temperature in these films (nearly 7,000 at 10?GHz) and its sharp dependence on electric field are promising for device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROELECTRIC thin films
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
KW  - TITANATES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 14097087; Haeni, J.H. 1 Irvin, P. 2 Chang, W. 3 Uecker, R. 4 Reiche, P. 4 Li, Y.L. 1 Choudhury, S. 1 Tian, W. 5 Hawley, M.E. 6 Craigo, B. 7 Tagantsev, A.K. 8 Pan, X.Q. 5 Streiffer, S.K. 9 Chen, L.Q. 1 Kirchoefer, S.W. 3 Levy, J. 2 Schlom, D.G. 1; Email Address: schlom@ems.psu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-5005, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA  3: Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue S. W, Washington DC 20375, USA  4: Institute of Crystal Growth, Max-Born-Straße 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany  5: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, USA  6: Materials Science and Technology Division (MST-8), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  7: Motorola Labs, 2100 East Elliot Road, Tempe, Arizona 85284, USA  8: Laboratoire de Céramique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH 1015, Switzerland  9: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; Source Info: 8/12/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7001, p758; Subject Term: FERROELECTRIC thin films; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: TITANATES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02773
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Miglioranzi, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Pavel, N.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
T1  - Observation of isolated high-<f>ET</f> photons in deep inelastic scattering
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 595
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 100
SN  - 03702693
AB  - First measurements of cross sections for isolated prompt photon production in deep inelastic <f>ep</f> scattering have been made using the ZEUS detector at the HERA electron–proton collider using an integrated luminosity of 121 pb-1. A signal for isolated photons in the transverse energy and rapidity ranges <f>5<ETγ<10 GeV</f> and <f>-0.7<ηγ<0.9</f> was observed for virtualities of the exchanged photon of <f>Q2>35 GeV2</f>. Cross sections are presented for inclusive prompt photons and for those accompanied by a single jet in the range <f>ETjet⩾6 GeV</f> and <f>-1.5⩽ηjet<1.8</f>. Calculations at order <f>α3αs</f> describe the data reasonably well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13806437; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Loizides, J.H. Magill, S. 1 Miglioranzi, S. Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R.; Email Address: rik.yoshida@desy.de Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Pavel, N. 3 Antonioli, P. 4 Bari, G. 4 Basile, M. 4 Bellagamba, L. 4 Boscherini, D. 4 Bruni, A. 4 Bruni, G. 4 Cara Romeo, G. 4 Cifarelli, L. 4 Cindolo, F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, <cty>Argonne, IL</cty> 60439-4815, <cny cny-code="us">USA</cny><fn id="fn040">Supported by the US Department of Energy.</fn>  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104-0380, USA  3: Institut für Physik der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany  4: University and INFN Bologna, <cty>Bologna</cty>, <cny cny-code="it">Italy</cny><fn id="fn031">Supported by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).</fn>; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 595 Issue 1-4, p86; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHOTONS; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.05.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xin-Nian
T1  - High-<f>pT</f> hadron spectra, azimuthal anisotropy and back-to-back correlations in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/08/12/
VL  - 595
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 165
EP  - 170
SN  - 03702693
AB  - The observed suppression of high-<f>pT</f> hadron spectra, finite azimuthal anisotropy, disappearance of jet-like back-to-back correlations, and their centrality dependence in <f>Au+Au</f> collisions at RHIC are shown to be quantitatively described by jet quenching within a pQCD parton model. The difference between <f>h±</f> and <f>π0</f> suppression in intermediate <f>pT</f> is consistent with the observed <f>(K+p)/π</f> enhancement which should disappear at <f>pT>6 GeV/c</f>. The suppression of back-to-back correlations is shown to be directly related to the medium modification of jet fragmentation functions (FF) similar to direct-photon triggered FF''s. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ion collisions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HADRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13806446; Wang, Xin-Nian 1; Email Address: xnwang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, MS70R0319, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 595 Issue 1-4, p165; Subject Term: HEAVY ion collisions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HADRONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.05.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Götmar, Gustaf
AU  - Ozen, Can
AU  - Serpersu, Engin
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Isothermal microcalorimetric study of the pH dependence of the interactions between a cellulase and a β-blocker
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/08/13/
VL  - 1046
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 53
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The influence of the pH on the complexation equilibria between (S)- or (R)-alprenolol and the cellulase Cel7A was investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry. The results obtained agree with those of previous, similar studies of the same equilibria in which the protein was immobilized on silica particles, packed in a chromatographic column. The association constant and the complexation enthalpy and entropy of the (S)-enantiomer increase with increasing pH. For (R)-alprenolol, the binding is endothermic at all pH values. Thus, for both enantiomers in the pH range 5.5–6.8, the binding is an entropically driven process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Acidity function
KW  - Enthalpy
KW  - β-Blockers
KW  - Alprenolol
KW  - Cellulase
KW  - Complexation equilibria
KW  - Isothermal titration calorimetry
KW  - pH effects
N1  - Accession Number: 13956034; Götmar, Gustaf 1; Ozen, Can 2; Serpersu, Engin 2; Guiochon, Georges; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Division of Chemical and Analytical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; 2: Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 1046 Issue 1/2, p49; Thesaurus Term: Thermodynamics; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Thesaurus Term: Acidity function; Subject Term: Enthalpy; Author-Supplied Keyword: β-Blockers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alprenolol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellulase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complexation equilibria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isothermal titration calorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: pH effects; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Sustainable Hydrogen Production.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/13/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5686
M3  - Article
SP  - 972
EP  - 974
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Identifying and building a sustainable energy system are perhaps two of the most critical issues that today's society must address. Replacing our current energy carrier mix with a sustainable fuel is one of the key pieces in that system. Hydrogen as an energy carrier, primarily derived from water, can address issues of sustainability, environmental emissions, and energy security. Issues relating to hydrogen production pathways are addressed here. Future energy systems require money and energy to build. Given that the United States has a finite supply of both, hard decisions must be made about the path forward, and this path must be followed with a sustained and focused effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - ENERGY minerals
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ENERGY management
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14246263; Turner, John A. 1; Email Address: jturner@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA.; Source Info: 8/13/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5686, p972; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: ENERGY minerals; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: ENERGY management; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2559
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Sustainable Hydrogen Production.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/13/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5686
M3  - Article
SP  - 972
EP  - 974
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Identifying and building a sustainable energy system are perhaps two of the most critical issues that today's society must address. Replacing our current energy carrier mix with a sustainable fuel is one of the key pieces in that system. Hydrogen as an energy carrier, primarily derived from water, can address issues of sustainability, environmental emissions, and energy security. Issues relating to hydrogen production pathways are addressed here. Future energy systems require money and energy to build. Given that the United States has a finite supply of both, hard decisions must be made about the path forward, and this path must be followed with a sustained and focused effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Energy minerals
KW  - Power resources
KW  - Energy management
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14246263; Turner, John A. 1; Email Address: jturner@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA.; Issue Info: 8/13/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5686, p972; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Thesaurus Term: Energy minerals; Thesaurus Term: Power resources; Thesaurus Term: Energy management; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2559
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uchic, Michael D.
AU  - Dimiduk, Dennis M.
AU  - Florando, Jeffrey N.
AU  - Nix, William D.
T1  - Sample Dimensions Influence Strength and Crystal Plasticity.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/13/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5686
M3  - Article
SP  - 986
EP  - 989
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - When a crystal deforms plastically, phenomena such as dislocation storage, multiplication, motion, pinning, and nucleation occur over the submicron-to-nanometer scale. Here we report measurements of plastic yielding for single crystals of micrometer-sized dimensions for three different types of metals. We find that within the tests, the overall sample dimensions artificially limit the length scales available for plastic processes. The results show dramatic size effects at surprisingly large sample dimensions. These results emphasize that at the micrometer scale, one must define both the external geometry and internal structure to characterize the strength of a material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THICKNESS measurement
KW  - MICROMETERS (Instruments)
KW  - METALS
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14246269; Uchic, Michael D. 1; Email Address: michael.uchic@wpafb.af.mil Dimiduk, Dennis M. 1 Florando, Jeffrey N. 2 Nix, William D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7817, USA.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2205, USA.; Source Info: 8/13/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5686, p986; Subject Term: THICKNESS measurement; Subject Term: MICROMETERS (Instruments); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332216 Saw Blade and Handtool Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332210 Cutlery and hand tool manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henry, Matthew C.
AU  - Yonker, Clement R.
T1  - FT-IR Studies of Acetylacetonates in Supercritical CO2 Using a Capillary Cell at Pressures up to 3.1 kbar.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4684
EP  - 4689
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The keto-enol equilibria of the β-diketones acetylacetone, trifluoroacetylacetone, and hexafluoroacetylacetone were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in a novel high-pressure capillary cell. Acetylacetone and its fluorinated analogues were studied as neat liquid and as supercritical CO2 solutions at pressures up to 3.1 kbar. The keto form was found to be favored at high pressure and low temperature. The change in partial molar volume and enthalpy between the keto and enol forms was determined for the acetylacetone and trifluoroacetylacetone. Under all conditions studied, only the enol form of hexafluoroacetylacetone was observed. Based on the thermodynamic data obtained, there appears to be no advantage gained in conducting metal extractions at high pressures and low temperatures using acetylacetone or trifluoroacetylacetone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - CAPILLARY electrophoresis
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - KETONES
N1  - Accession Number: 14245288; Henry, Matthew C. 1 Yonker, Clement R. 1; Email Address: clement.yonker@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS P8-19, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 16, p4684; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: CAPILLARY electrophoresis; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: KETONES; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herr, Amy E.
AU  - Singh, Anup K.
T1  - Photopolymerized Cross-Linked Polyacrylamide Gels for On-Chip Protein Sizing.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4727
EP  - 4733
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A new method for on-chip sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of proteins is reported. Miniaturization of SDS-PAGE has attracted significant attention because it offers rapid analysis times, excellent resolution, high throughput, and the potential for integration and automation, as compared to conventional counterparts. The presented on-chip SDS-PAGE technique employed photolithographically patterned, cross- linked gels fabricated in situ in < 20 mm. The effects of sieving gel composition on the migration properties of fluorescently labeled protein standards (ranging in molecular weight from 14.2 to 66 kDa) were quantified, as was the ability of the gels to function as a sieving matrix for biologically relevant species. Ferguson analysis was employed to calculate retardation coefficients and free solution mobilities. In conjunction with fluorescence imaging, the on-chip SDS-PAGE separation mechanism was evaluated in terms of separation performance indexes, as well as limiting behaviors (i.e., free solution mobility, exclusion characteristics). The photolithographically fabricated gels employed for on-chip SDS-PAGE allowed rapid (<30 s) separations of proteins in short separation lengths (4 mm) with efficiencies as high as 4.41 × 105 plates/m. The on-chip SDS-PAGE separations were ∼ 100 times faster than conventional slab gel SDS-PAGE (60 min) and occurred in a fraction of the separation length required by slab gels. The migration behavior of protein standards correlated well with molecular weight and allowed molecular weight determination for interleukin-2, fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and tetanus toxin C-fragment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOPOLYMERS
KW  - GEL electrophoresis
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MINIATURE electronic equipment
KW  - MOLECULAR weights
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14245294; Herr, Amy E. 1; Email Address: aeherr@sandia.gov Singh, Anup K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biosystems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 16, p4727; Subject Term: PHOTOPOLYMERS; Subject Term: GEL electrophoresis; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MINIATURE electronic equipment; Subject Term: MOLECULAR weights; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Retention of Ionizable Compounds in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography. Effect of the Ionic Strength of the Mobile Phase and the Nature of the Salts Used on the Overloading Behavior.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4779
EP  - 4789
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The retention mechanism of the protonated cation in propranolol chloride on C18-Xterra was investigated using mobile phases of various compositions. Accurate adsorption data were measured by frontal analysis, with a mixture of methanol and water (25% methanol), with no salt, as the mobile phase. The experimental isotherm has at least two inflection points, at concentrations of about 0.2 and 6.0 g/L, respectively. This precludes the modeling of these data with a simple convex-upward isotherm (e.g., Langmuir). The adsorption energy distribution or relationship between the number of sites on the adsorbent surface and the energy of adsorption on these sites was calculated by assuming Moreau isotherm behavior (S-shaped isotherm). This model has never been applied to describe the surface heterogeneity of any RPLC adsorbent. The calculation converged toward a bimodal energy distribution. Accordingly, the bi-Moreau model is the simplest theoretical model accounting for the adsorption data of propranolol from a mobile phase without salt. The complex-overloaded band profiles of propranolol measured in the presence of increasing concentrations of a supporting salt (KCI) in the mobile phase demonstrate that the sante isotherm model applies also under these conditions, as was merely assumed in a previous work. The elution band profiles of propranolol calculated with the bi-Moreau isotherm model for solutions of salts of different natures (CaCl2, CsCl, Na2SO4) in the same mobile phase agree very well with the experimental band profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - SALTS
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - CHLORIDES
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 14245300; Gritti, Fabrice 1 Guiochon, Georges 1; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6120.; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 16, p4779; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SALTS; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: CHLORIDES; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gazda, Daniel B.
AU  - Fritz, James S.
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
T1  - Multiplexed Colorimetric Solid-Phase Extraction: Determination of Silver(l), Nickel(II), and Sample pH.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4881
EP  - 4887
SN  - 00032700
AB  - This paper reports the design and ground-based testing of a multiplexed colorimetric solid-phase extraction (MC- SPE) platform for the rapid determination of multiple water quality parameters in a simple set of operational steps. Colorimetric solid-phase extraction (C-SPE) is an analytical platform that combines impregnated colorimetric reagents on a solid-phase extraction membrane and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to quantify trace analytes in water. In extending C-SPE to MC-SPE, a filter holder that incorporates discrete analysis channels and a jig that facilitates the concurrent operation of multiple syringes have been designed, enabling the simultaneous determination of three different measures of water quality. Separate, single-parameter membranes, placed in a read-out cartridge create unique, parameter-specific addresses at the exit of each channel. Following sample exposure, the diffuse reflectance spectrum of each address is collected serially and the Kubelka-Munk function is used to quantify each water quality parameter via calibration curves. Performance evaluations of the MC-SPE platform were conducted using sample pH, silver(I), and nickel- (II). Determinations of silver(I) (0.05-0.5 ppm) and nickel(II) (1.8-5.0 ppm) follow established C-SPE methods on reversed-phase extraction membranes using 5-(p- dimethylaminobenzylidene)rhodanine and dimethyiglyoxime, respectively, as colonimetric reagents. Sample pH (2.5-5.0) is measured using an anion-exchange membrane impregnated with fluorescein. These determinations require ∼120 s to complete using a total sample volume of 3.0 mL. The extension of MC-SPE to the determination of a greater number of analytes and its potential application to space and earth-bound monitoring needs are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLORIMETRIC analysis
KW  - COLORIMETRY
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - WATER quality
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14245312; Gazda, Daniel B. 1 Fritz, James S. 1 Porter, Marc D. 1; Email Address: mporter@porterlameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Combinatorial Discovery, Ames Laboratory US -- DOE, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 16, p4881; Subject Term: COLORIMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: COLORIMETRY; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: WATER quality; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amyot, M.
AU  - Southworth, G.
AU  - Lindberg, S.E.
AU  - Hintelmann, H.
AU  - Lalonde, J.D.
AU  - Ogrinc, N.
AU  - Poulain, A.J.
AU  - Sandilands, K.A.
T1  - Formation and evasion of dissolved gaseous mercury in large enclosures amended with 200HgCl2
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 4279
EP  - 4289
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The mercury experiment to assess atmospheric loading in Canada and the United States (METAALICUS) aims at establishing the link between atmospheric deposition of mercury (Hg) and Hg concentrations in fish. As part of this initiative, we conducted an enclosure experiment in Lake 239 (ON, Canada). Our goal was to follow over time dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) concentrations, after the addition of 200HgCl2, to assess post-depositional Hg dynamics. DGM concentrations reached very high levels in surface waters (up to 6 ng l-1) during the days following the spike. This increase in DGM levels coincided with a decrease in total Hg in the enclosure. Photoreduction rates of Hg were high after spiking (1 ng l-1 h-1) and decreased by two orders of magnitude during the summer, with low rates observed in August (0.01 ng l-1 h-1). These low rates may be caused by photobleaching of dissolved organic carbon. Water-to-air Hg fluxes (evasion) were measured with a flux chamber and modelled using DGM; both methods yielded similar fluxes when using time-averaged DGM values. Together, these results indicate that, under certain conditions, large amounts of newly deposited Hg(II) may be converted to DGM by photochemical processes and lost by evasion across the air/water interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - CARBON
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Enclosures
KW  - Evasion
KW  - Mercury
KW  - METAALICUS
KW  - Photoreduction
N1  - Accession Number: 13795840; Amyot, M. 1; Email Address: m.amyot@umontreal.ca Southworth, G. 2 Lindberg, S.E. 2 Hintelmann, H. 3 Lalonde, J.D. 4 Ogrinc, N. 5 Poulain, A.J. 1 Sandilands, K.A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Département des sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Que., Canada H3C 3J7  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 3781-6038, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ont., Canada K9J 7B8  4: Institut national de la recherche scientifique, INRS-Eau, Terre et Environnement, Université du Québec, 2800 Einstein, C.P. 7500, Sainte-Foy, Que., Canada G1V 4C7  5: Department of Environmental Sciences, J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia  6: Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Man., Canada R3T 2N6; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 38 Issue 26, p4279; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enclosures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evasion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mercury; Author-Supplied Keyword: METAALICUS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoreduction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hong, Lan
AU  - Felinger, Attila
AU  - Kaczmarski, Krzysztof
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Measurement of intraparticle diffusion in reversed phase liquid chromatography
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 59
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3399
EP  - 3412
SN  - 00092509
AB  - The intraparticle diffusion coefficient was measured using a method based on the fitting of a set of experimental chromatographic profiles to the lumped pore diffusion model. For this purpose, both the analytical solution of the model in the Laplace domain and a numerical method were used. There was an excellent agreement between the results given by the two methods. These results are compared to those obtained by moment analysis of the same set of chromatographic profiles and by the determination of the intraparticle diffusion coefficient from the second central moment of these bands. Nearly identical results were obtained with these two independent methods. The values of the intraparticle diffusion coefficient, <f>De</f>, for rubrene in pure methanol was found to be <f>7.89×10-7 cm2/s</f> by the modeling method and <f>7.23×10-7 cm2/s</f> by the moment analysis method. These values increase with increasing water concentration, to <f>1.10×10-6</f> and <f>1.24×10-6 cm2/s</f>, respectively, in a <f>96:4 v/v</f> methanol/water solution and to <f>1.63×10-6</f> and <f>2.38×10-6 cm2/s</f>, respectively, in a <f>90:10 v/v</f> solution.These results confirm the validity and the consistency of the lumped pore model and the moment analysis theory. They show that both approaches describe correctly the mass transfer kinetics in the particles of packing material during the chromatographic process. Systematic determinations of the intraparticle diffusion coefficient can now be undertaken and the influence of various experimental parameters on this important property of packing materials can be investigated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - SOILS
KW  - Intraparticle diffusion
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Mass transfer kinetics in adsorption
N1  - Accession Number: 13935181; Hong, Lan 1,2 Felinger, Attila 1,2 Kaczmarski, Krzysztof 3 Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 59 Issue 16, p3399; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: SOILS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intraparticle diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass transfer kinetics in adsorption; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ces.2004.01.071
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoover, William G.
T1  - Computational Partial Differential Equations—Numerical Methods and Diffpack Programming: Hans Petter Langtangen, second ed., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2003, 855 pages, ISBN 3-540-43416-X, ISSN 1611-0994
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 161
IS  - 3
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 181
EP  - 182
SN  - 00104655
N1  - Accession Number: 13806564; Hoover, William G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94551-7808, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 161 Issue 3, p181; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.02.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Riebe, Clifford S.
AU  - Kirchner, James W.
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
T1  - Erosional and climatic effects on long-term chemical weathering rates in granitic landscapes spanning diverse climate regimes
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 224
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
EP  - 562
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - We used cosmogenic nuclide and geochemical mass balance methods to measure long-term rates of chemical weathering and total denudation in granitic landscapes in diverse climatic regimes. Our 42 study sites encompass widely varying climatic and erosional regimes, with mean annual temperatures ranging from 2 to 25 °C, average precipitation ranging from 22 to 420 cm·year-1, and denudation rates ranging from 23 to 755 t·km-2·year-1. Long-term chemical weathering rates range from 0 to 173 t·km-2 year-1, in several cases exceeding the highest granitic weathering rates on record from previous work. Chemical weathering rates are highest at the sites with rapid denudation rates, consistent with strong coupling between rates of chemical weathering and mineral supply from breakdown of rock. A simple empirical relationship based on temperature, precipitation and long-term denudation rates explains 89–95% of the variation in long-term weathering rates across our network of sites. Our analysis shows that, for a given precipitation and temperature, chemical weathering rates increase proportionally with fresh-material supply rates. We refer to this as “supply-limited” weathering, in which fresh material is chemically depleted to roughly the same degree, regardless of its rate of supply from breakdown of rock. The temperature sensitivity of chemical weathering rates is two to four times smaller than what one would expect from laboratory measurements of activation energies for feldspar weathering and previous inter-comparisons of catchment mass-balance data from the field. Our results suggest that climate change feedbacks between temperature and silicate weathering rates may be weaker than previously thought, at least in actively eroding, unglaciated terrain similar to our study sites. To the extent that chemical weathering rates are supply-limited in mountainous landscapes, factors that regulate rates of mineral supply from erosion, such as tectonic uplift, may lead to significant fluctuations in global climate over the long term. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - CHEMICAL weathering
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - chemical weathering
KW  - climate
KW  - granitic landscape
KW  - physical erosion
KW  - precipitation
KW  - temperature
N1  - Accession Number: 14103147; Riebe, Clifford S. 1; Email Address: riebe@seismo.berkeley.edu Kirchner, James W. 1; Email Address: kirchner@seismo.berleley.edu Finkel, Robert C. 2,3; Email Address: finkel1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Department of Earth Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 224 Issue 3/4, p547; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL weathering; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical weathering; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: granitic landscape; Author-Supplied Keyword: physical erosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: Spanish; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buck, E. C.
AU  - McNamara, B. K.
T1  - Precipitation of Nitrate -- Cancrinite in Hanford Tank Sludge.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4432
EP  - 4438
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The chemistry of underground storage tanks containing high-level waste at the Hanford Site in Washington State is an area of continued research interest Thermodynamic models have predicted the formation of analcime and clinoptilolite in Hanford tanks, rather than cancrinite; however, these predictions were based on carbonate-cancrinite. We report the first observation of a nitrate-cancrinite [possibly Na8(K,Cs)(AlSiO4)6(NO3)2·nH2O] extracted from a Hanford tank 241-AP-101 sample that was evaporated to 6, 8, and 10 M NaOH concentrations. The nitrate-cancrinite phase formed spherical aggregates (4 μm in diameter) that consisted of platy hexagonal crystals (&ap;0.2 μm thick). Cesium-137 was concentrated in these aluminosilicate structures. These phases possessed a morphology identical to that of nitrate-cancrinite synthesized using simulant tests of nonradioactive tank waste, supporting the contention that it is possible to develop nonradioactive artificial sludges. This investigation points to the continued importance of understanding the solubility of NO3-cancrinite and related phases. Knowledge of the detailed structure of actual phases in the tank waste helps with thermodynamic modeling of tank conditions and waste processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrates
KW  - Storage tanks
KW  - Thermodynamics
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Cancrinite
KW  - Crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 14238001; Buck, E. C. 1; Email Address: edgar.buck@pnl.gov; McNamara, B. K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P7-27, Richland, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 16, p4432; Thesaurus Term: Nitrates; Thesaurus Term: Storage tanks; Thesaurus Term: Thermodynamics; Thesaurus Term: Morphology; Subject Term: Cancrinite; Subject Term: Crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bennett, Paula V.
AU  - Cintron, Nela S.
AU  - Gros, Laurent
AU  - Laval, Jacques
AU  - Sutherland, Betsy M.
T1  - Are endogenous clustered dna damages induced in human cells?
JO  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
JF  - Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 488
EP  - 499
SN  - 08915849
AB  - Although clustered DNA damages are induced in cells by ionizing radiation and can be induced artifactually during DNA isolation, it was not known if they are formed in unirradiated cells by normal oxidative metabolism. Using high-sensitivity methods of quantitative gel electrophoresis, electronic imaging, and number average length analysis, we found that two radiosensitive human cell lines (TK6 and WI-L2-NS) accumulated Fpg-oxidized purine clusters and Nth-oxidized pyrimidine clusters but not Nfo-abasic clusters. However, four repair-proficient human lines (MOLT 4, HL-60, WTK1, and 28SC) did not contain significant levels (<5/Gbp) of any cluster type. Cluster levels were independent of p53 status. Measurement of glycosylase levels in 28SC, TK6, and WI-L2-NS cells suggested that depressed hOGG1 and hNth activities in TK6 and WI-L2-NS could be related to oxybase cluster accumulation. Thus, individuals with DNA repair enzyme deficiencies could accumulate potentially cytotoxic and mutagenic clustered DNA damages. The absence of Nfo-detected endogenous clusters in any cells examined suggests that abasic clusters could be a signature of cellular ionizing radiation exposure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Free Radical Biology & Medicine is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES
KW  - PYRUVATE kinase
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - 5,6-dihydrouracil (DHUra)
KW  - 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG)
KW  - Abasic site
KW  - base excision repair (BER)
KW  - bovine serum albumin (BSA)
KW  - Clustered DNA damage
KW  - Endogenous
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - gigabase pair (109 base pairs) (Gbp)
KW  - Human cells
KW  - Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium (IMDM)
KW  - nucleotide incision repair (NIR)
KW  - number average molecular length (Ln)
KW  - Oxidized base
KW  - oxidized base (oxybase)
KW  - phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride (PMSF)
KW  - pyruvate kinase (PK)
KW  - tetrahydrofuran (THF)
KW  - transverse alternating field electrophoresis (TAFE)
N1  - Accession Number: 13807514; Bennett, Paula V. 1 Cintron, Nela S. 1 Gros, Laurent 2 Laval, Jacques 2 Sutherland, Betsy M. 1; Email Address: bms@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  2: Groupe Réparation de l’ADN, UMR 8113 CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif Cedex, France; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 37 Issue 4, p488; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES; Subject Term: PYRUVATE kinase; Subject Term: DNA repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: 5,6-dihydrouracil (DHUra); Author-Supplied Keyword: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG); Author-Supplied Keyword: Abasic site; Author-Supplied Keyword: base excision repair (BER); Author-Supplied Keyword: bovine serum albumin (BSA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Clustered DNA damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Endogenous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free radicals; Author-Supplied Keyword: gigabase pair (109 base pairs) (Gbp); Author-Supplied Keyword: Human cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium (IMDM); Author-Supplied Keyword: nucleotide incision repair (NIR); Author-Supplied Keyword: number average molecular length (Ln); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidized base; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxidized base (oxybase); Author-Supplied Keyword: phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride (PMSF); Author-Supplied Keyword: pyruvate kinase (PK); Author-Supplied Keyword: tetrahydrofuran (THF); Author-Supplied Keyword: transverse alternating field electrophoresis (TAFE); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.05.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Di-Jia
AU  - Kaun, Thomas D.
AU  - Liao, Hsiu-Kai
AU  - Ahmed, Shabbir
T1  - Characterization of kilowatt-scale autothermal reformer for production of hydrogen from heavy hydrocarbons
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 29
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1035
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Catalytic autothermal reforming is considered one of the most effective methods of producing hydrogen from heavy hydrocarbon fuels, such as diesel fuel, for fuel cell or emissions reduction applications. This article describes an investigation of the reactor characteristics and catalytic efficiency of a kilowatt-scale catalytic autothermal reformer currently being developed at Argonne National Laboratory. Dodecane and hexadecane were used individually as surrogates for diesel fuels to simply the reaction study and the interpretation of the test results. The reforming of these hydrocarbon fuels was examined at a variety of oxygen-to-carbon and steam-to-carbon ratios at gas hourly space velocities ranging from 10,000 to 100,000 <f>h−1</f>. At steady state, the product composition correlated well with that calculated from thermodynamic equilibrium at a representative equivalent temperature. The oxygen-to-carbon ratio was determined to be the most significant operating parameter that influenced the reforming efficiency; the reforming efficiency (and the selectivity to <f>COx</f>) increased with increasing oxygen-to-carbon ratio up to about 0.42, at which value the maximum efficiency was attained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - Autothermal reforming
KW  - Diesel
KW  - Kilowatt reactor
KW  - Oxygen-to-carbon ratio
KW  - Steam-to-carbon ratio
KW  - Surrogate fuel
N1  - Accession Number: 12977551; Liu, Di-Jia; Email Address: liud@cmt.anl.gov Kaun, Thomas D. 1 Liao, Hsiu-Kai 1 Ahmed, Shabbir 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 29 Issue 10, p1035; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autothermal reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diesel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kilowatt reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen-to-carbon ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steam-to-carbon ratio; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surrogate fuel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2003.11.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Semelsberger, Troy A.
AU  - Brown, Lee F.
AU  - Borup, Rodney L.
AU  - Inbody, Michael A.
T1  - Equilibrium products from autothermal processes for generating hydrogen-rich fuel-cell feeds
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 29
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1047
SN  - 03603199
AB  - This work presents thermodynamic analyses of autothermal processes using five fuels—natural gas, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, and gasoline. Autothermal processes combine exothermic and endothermic reactions. The processes considered here couple endothermic steam reforming with exothermic oxidation to create hydrogen-rich fuel-cell feeds. Of the fuels treated here, methanol, ethanol, and dimethyl ether are pure compounds. Methane simulates natural gas and a mixture of 7% neopentane, 56% 2,4 dimethyl pentane, 7% cyclohexane, 30% ethyl benzene simulates gasoline. In the computations, sufficient oxygen is fed so the energy generated by the oxidation exactly compensates the energy absorbed by the reforming reactions. The analyses calculate equilibrium product concentrations at temperatures from 300 to <f>1000 K</f>, pressures from 1 to <f>5 atm</f>, and water–fuel ratios from 1 to 9 times the stoichiometric value. The thermodynamic calculations in this work say that any of the five fuels, when processed autothermally, can give a product leading to a hydrogen-rich feed for fuel cells. The calculations also show that the oxygen-containing substances (methanol, ethanol, and dimethyl ether) require lower temperatures for effective processing than the non-oxygenated fuels (natural gas and gasoline). Lower reaction temperatures also promote products containing less carbon monoxide, a desirable effect. The presence of significant product CO mandates the choice of optimum conditions, not necessarily conditions that produce the maximum product hydrogen content. Using a simple optimum objective function shows that dimethyl ether has the greatest potential product content, followed by methanol, ethanol, gasoline, and natural gas. The calculations point the way toward rational choices of processes for producing fuel-cell feeds of the necessary quality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - NATURAL gas
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - METHYL ether
KW  - Automotive fuel cells
KW  - Autothermal systems
KW  - Fuel-cell feeds
KW  - Hydrogen carriers
N1  - Accession Number: 12977552; Semelsberger, Troy A. 1 Brown, Lee F. Borup, Rodney L. 1 Inbody, Michael A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science & Technology and Engineering Sciences & Applications Divisions, P.O. Box 1663, Mail Stop J580, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 29 Issue 10, p1047; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: NATURAL gas; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: METHYL ether; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automotive fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autothermal systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel-cell feeds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen carriers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0360-3199(03)00214-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuszewski, M.
AU  - Scarborough, W. K.
AU  - White, R. R.
T1  - Spectrometry of 0.46 and 13.56 MHz Ar/SF6 inductive plasma discharges.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1811
EP  - 1818
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The neutral and positive ion species of two inductively coupled plasma (ICP) discharges, operated with low-pressure argon and sulfur hexafluoride (Ar/SF6) gas mixtures, are studied with optical emission and mass spectrometry. Similar discharges sustained in the two ICPs show significantly different species. The spectra of the 0.46 MHz hemispherical ICP suggest nearly pure Ar/SF6 discharges. The spectra of the 13.56 MHz planar ICP reveal many species containing silicon and oxygen, from etching of the quartz dielectric. Etch rate measurements support these observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - GASES
KW  - MIXTURES
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13998763; Tuszewski, M. 1; Email Address: mgtu@lanl.gov Scarborough, W. K. 1 White, R. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 4, p1811; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: MIXTURES; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1769599
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graff, G. L.
AU  - Williford, R. E.
AU  - Burrows, P. E.
T1  - Mechanisms of vapor permeation through multilayer barrier films: Lag time versus equilibrium permeation.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1840
EP  - 1849
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Multilayer, thin-film organic/inorganic composite barrier layers have recently been reported to achieve water vapor permeation rates of <10-5 g/m2/day at 25 °C/40%RH on polyethylene terephthalate substrates. Using both transient and steady-state vapor permeation measurements combined with classical Fickian diffusion models, we determine the mechanism of vapor permeation through such barrier structures and show that results obtained to date are limited not by equilibrium diffusion but by lag-time effects caused by the extremely long effective path length for the diffusing gas. The implications for further improvement of flexible thin-film vapor barriers are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - POLYETHYLENE terephthalate
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING composites
KW  - WATER vapor transport
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 13998759; Graff, G. L. 1 Williford, R. E. 1 Burrows, P. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Sciences and Technology Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 4, p1840; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE terephthalate; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING composites; Subject Term: WATER vapor transport; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768610
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13998759&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tengjiao Hu
AU  - Jones, Ronald L.
AU  - Wen-li Wu
AU  - Eric K. Lin
AU  - Qinghuang Lin
AU  - Keane, Denis
AU  - Weigand, Steve
AU  - Quintana, John
T1  - Small angle x-ray scattering metrology for sidewall angle and cross section of nanometer scale line gratings.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1983
EP  - 1987
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - High-volume fabrication of nanostructures requires nondestructive metrologies capable of measuring not only the pattern size but also the pattern shape profile. Measurement tool requirements will become more stringent as the feature size approaches 50 nm and tolerances of pattern shape will reach a few nanometers. A small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) based technique has been demonstrated to have the capability of characterizing the average pitch size and pattern width to subnanometer precision. In this study, we report a simple, modeling-free protocol to extract cross-section information such as the average sidewall angle and the pattern height of line grating patterns from the SAXS data. Diffraction peak intensities and reciprocal space positions are measured while the sample is rotated around the axis perpendicular to the grating direction. Linear extrapolations of peak positions in reciprocal space allow a precise determination of both the sidewall angle and the pattern height. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - PATTERN recognition systems
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13998738; Tengjiao Hu 1 Jones, Ronald L. 1 Wen-li Wu 1; Email Address: wen-li.wu@nist.gov Eric K. Lin 1 Qinghuang Lin 2 Keane, Denis 3 Weigand, Steve 3 Quintana, John 3; Affiliation:  1: Polymers Division, MSEL, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8541  2: IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598  3: DND-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 4, p1983; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: PATTERN recognition systems; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1773376
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13998738&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, A. F.
AU  - Mattsson, T. R.
T1  - N vacancy diffusion and trapping in Mg-doped wurtzite GaN.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2015
EP  - 2022
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Density-functional theory has been used to investigate N vacancy (VN) diffusion in wurtzite GaN and VN complexes with a substitutional Mg acceptor (MgGaVN). Two VN diffusion paths were identified: a perpendicular path producing movement perpendicular to the c axis and a diagonal path producing movement both perpendicular and parallel to the c axis. The VN charge state was found to strongly influence the diffusion activation energies, which range from 2.49 eV for VN+3 to 3.55 eV for VN+1 along the perpendicular path and from 2.65 eV for VN+3 to 3.96 eV for VN+1 along the diagonal path. Two bound MgGaVN configurations were identified: a parallel configuration with VN located next to MgGa and along the c axis from it, and a perpendicular configuration with VN located next to MgGa and transverse to the c axis from it. The binding energies range from 0.29 to 0.58 eV, depending on the MgGaVN configuration and charge state. The results were used to evaluate a recently proposed atomistic process [ S. Hautakangas, J. Oila, M. Alatalo, and K. Saarinen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 137402 (2003) ], which involves MgGaVN dissociation and VN diffusion in wurtzite GaN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS -- Diffusion
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - BINDING energy
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 13998733; Wright, A. F. 1 Mattsson, T. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1415; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 4, p2015; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS -- Diffusion; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: BINDING energy; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1767981
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13998733&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooley, L. D.
AU  - Fischer, C. M.
AU  - P. J. Lee
AU  - Larbalestier, D. C.
T1  - Simulations of the effects of tin composition gradients on the superconducting properties of Nb3Sn conductors.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2122
EP  - 2130
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - In powder-in-tube Nb3Sn composites, the A15 phase forms between a central tin-rich core and a coaxial Nb tube, thus causing the tin content and superconducting properties to vary with radius across the A15 layer. Since this geometry is also ideal for magnetic characterization of the superconducting properties with the field parallel to the tube axis, a system of concentric shells with varying tin content was used to simulate the superconducting properties, the overall severity of the Sn composition gradient being defined by an index N. Using well-known scaling relationships and property trends developed in an earlier experimental study, the critical current density for each shell was calculated, and from this the magnetic moment of each shell was found. By summing these moments, experimentally measured properties such as pinning-force curves and Kramer plots could be simulated. We found that different tin profiles have only a minor effect on the shape of Kramer plots, but a pronounced effect on the irreversibility fields defined by the extrapolation of Kramer plots. In fact, these extrapolated values HK are very close to a weighted average of the superconducting properties across the layer for all N. The difference between HK and the upper critical field commonly seen in experiments is a direct consequence of the different ways measurements probe the simulated Sn gradients. Sn gradients were found to be significantly deleterious to the critical current density Jc, since reductions to both the elementary pinning force and the flux pinning scaling field HK compound the reduction in Jc. The simulations show that significant gains in Jc of Nb3Sn strands might be realized by circumventing strong compositional gradients of tin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS -- Magnetic properties
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING composites
KW  - STRUCTURAL shells
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 13998719; Cooley, L. D. 1,2 Fischer, C. M. 1 P. J. Lee 1 Larbalestier, D. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Superconductivity Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706  2: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 4, p2122; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS -- Magnetic properties; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING composites; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL shells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1763993
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13998719&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lima, A. L.
AU  - Gschneidner, Jr., K. A.
AU  - Pecharsky, V. K.
T1  - Anisotropic materials: A way to increase the efficiency of magnetic refrigeration.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2164
EP  - 2168
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A breakthrough step in the development of magnetic refrigeration would be to find a way to increase the cooling capacity of the magnetic refrigerant material in order to make this technology even more energy efficient. In this paper, we present a theoretical study which shows how to increase the refrigerant capacity using anisotropic materials. We examine some of the well-known Laves phase compounds that can be described by a Hamiltonian which includes second order and spin reorientation effects. Our results indicate that in some cases it is theoretically possible to increase cooling capacity by up to ∼65%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 13998713; Lima, A. L. 1; Email Address: cagey@ameslab.gov Gschneidner, Jr., K. A. Pecharsky, V. K. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa state University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020  3: and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-2300; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 4, p2164; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1767969
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13998713&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - X. Xiao
AU  - Birrell, J.
AU  - Gerbi, J. E.
AU  - Auciello, O.
AU  - Carlisle, J. A.
T1  - Low temperature growth of ultrananocrystalline diamond.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2232
EP  - 2239
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films were prepared by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition using argon-rich Ar/CH4 plasmas at substrate temperatures from ∼400 to 800 °C. Different seeding processes were employed to enhance the initial nucleation density for UNCD growth to about 1011 sites/cm2. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure, visible and ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the bonding structure as a function of growth temperature. The results showed that the growth of UNCD films is much less dependent on substrate temperature than for hydrogen-based CH4/H2 plasmas. UNCD with nearly the same nanoscale structure as those characteristic of high-temperature deposition can be grown at temperatures as low as 400 °C with growth rates of about 0.2 μm/hr. The average grain size increased to about 8 nm from 3 to 5 nm that is characteristic of high-temperature growth, but the relative amounts of sp3 and sp2 bonding remained unchanged. These results suggest that the activation energy for UNCD growth is about 2–3 Kcal/mole compared with ∼28 kcal/mole for traditional growth chemistries, and that hydrogen plays an important role in the growth of UNCD films using hydrogen-poor plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - MICROWAVE plasmas
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13998703; X. Xiao 1 Birrell, J. 1 Gerbi, J. E. 1 Auciello, O. 2 Carlisle, J. A. 2; Email Address: Carlisle@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Materials Science Division & Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 4, p2232; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: MICROWAVE plasmas; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 7 Black and White Photographs, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1769609
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13998703&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Posada, Y.
AU  - Miguel, L. San
AU  - Fonseca, L. F.
AU  - Resto, O.
AU  - Weisz, S. Z.
AU  - Kim, C.-H.
AU  - Shinar, J.
T1  - Optical properties of nanocrystalline silicon within silica gel monoliths.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2240
EP  - 2243
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Described herein is the incorporation of nanocrystalline silicon nc-Si from porous silicon (PSi) in a silica matrix fabricated by the sol-gel technique that yields highly photoluminescent (PL) and optically transparent monoliths with uniformly distributed nc-Si inclusions or nanoclusters. The sample monoliths were prepared with PSi-derived nanoclusters (PSi-n) with average diameters of 14–45 nm. Concentrated samples of PSi-n-exhibited blueshifted orange emission bands with maximum peaks between 600 and 750 nm with PL emission intensities ten times stronger than those of the original PSi, while diluted samples exhibited UV to blue (350–450 nm) emission bands. The PL quantum yield of the typical PSi-n monoliths was 44% higher than the native PSi. Light absorption measurements showed a linear response to laser powers before the saturation threshold at 80 mW. PL bleaching following 3 h of constant laser power exposure resulted in 90% reduction of the maximum initial PL. Mechanical and thermal stability properties of nc-Si were greatly improved within the silica matrix, demonstrating that PSi-n monoliths’ are more manageable materials that enable the fabrication of samples with high densities of nc-Si for semiconducting and optoelectronic purposes. No special chemical passivation of the nc-Si surfaces was used in the preparation of the PSi-n monoliths. A strong relation between the optical properties of this nanophase material and the size distribution and concentration of nc-Si in the sample is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR nanocrystals
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - SILICA gel
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - LIGHT absorption
N1  - Accession Number: 13998702; Posada, Y. 1 Miguel, L. San 1 Fonseca, L. F. 1 Resto, O. 1 Weisz, S. Z. 1 Kim, C.-H. 2 Shinar, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico 00931.  2: Ames Laboratory-US Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 4, p2240; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR nanocrystals; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: SILICA gel; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: LIGHT absorption; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771475
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13998702&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanai, Takeshi
AU  - Fann, George I.
AU  - Gan, Zhengting
AU  - Harrison, Robert J.
AU  - Beylkin, Gregory
T1  - Multiresolution quantum chemistry in multiwavelet bases: Analytic derivatives for Hartree–Fock and density functional theory.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2866
EP  - 2876
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - An efficient and accurate analytic gradient method is presented for Hartree–Fock and density functional calculations using multiresolution analysis in multiwavelet bases. The derivative is efficiently computed as an inner product between compressed forms of the density and the differentiated nuclear potential through the Hellmann–Feynman theorem. A smoothed nuclear potential is directly differentiated, and the smoothing parameter required for a given accuracy is empirically determined from calculations on six homonuclear diatomic molecules. The derivatives of N2 molecule are shown using multiresolution calculation for various accuracies with comparison to correlation consistent Gaussian-type basis sets. The optimized geometries of several molecules are presented using Hartree–Fock and density functional theory. A highly precise Hartree–Fock optimization for the H2O molecule produced six digits for the geometric parameters. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - GAUSSIAN processes
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 13985274; Yanai, Takeshi 1 Fann, George I. 1 Gan, Zhengting 1 Harrison, Robert J. 1 Beylkin, Gregory 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831.  2: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0526.; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 7, p2866; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: GAUSSIAN processes; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 8 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768161
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13985274&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Németh, Károly
AU  - Challacombe, Matt
T1  - The quasi-independent curvilinear coordinate approximation for geometry optimization.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2877
EP  - 2885
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - This paper presents an efficient alternative to well established algorithms for molecular geometry optimization. This approach exploits the approximate decoupling of molecular energetics in a curvilinear internal coordinate system, allowing separation of the 3N-dimensional optimization problem into an O(N) set of quasi-independent one-dimensional problems. Each uncoupled optimization is developed by a weighted least squares fit of energy gradients in the internal coordinate system followed by extrapolation. In construction of the weights, only an implicit dependence on topologically connected internal coordinates is present. This new approach is competitive with the best internal coordinate geometry optimization algorithms in the literature and works well for large biological problems with complicated hydrogen bond networks and ligand binding motifs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CURVILINEAR coordinates
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR association
N1  - Accession Number: 13985273; Németh, Károly 1; Email Address: KNemeth@LANL.Gov Challacombe, Matt 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 7, p2877; Subject Term: CURVILINEAR coordinates; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771636
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13985273&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D. López-Durán
AU  - de Lara-Castells, M. P.
AU  - Delgado-Barrio, G.
AU  - Villarreal, P.
AU  - Paola, C. Di.
AU  - Gianturco, F. A.
AU  - Jellinek, J.
T1  - Raman spectra of (He)N-Br2(X) clusters: The role of boson/fermion statistics in a quantum solvent.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 2975
EP  - 2984
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The aim of this paper is to elucidate the role played by the bosonic/fermionic character of N He atoms solvating a Br2(X) molecule. To this end, an adiabatic model in the molecular stretching coordinate is assumed and the ground energy levels of the complexes are searched by means of Hartree (or Hartree-Fock) Quantum Chemistry calculations for 4He (or 3He) solvent atoms. Simulations of vib-rotational Raman spectra point at the spin multiplicity as the main feature responsible for the drastic difference in the rotational structures of molecules embedded in boson or fermion helium drops as already observed by the experiments of Grebenev et al. [S. Grebenev, J. P. Toennies, and A. F. Vilesov, Science 279 (1998) 2083]. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 13985263; D. López-Durán de Lara-Castells, M. P. Delgado-Barrio, G. Villarreal, P. 1; Email Address: p.villarreal@imaff.efmac.esic.es Paola, C. Di. 2 Gianturco, F. A. 2 Jellinek, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Matemáticas y Física Fundamental (C.S.I.C.), Serrano 123, E-28006-Madrid, Spain  2: Department of Chemistry and INFM, The University of Rome, Città Universitaria, 00185 Rome, Italy  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 7, p2975; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1769369
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yuan Qin
AU  - Prausnitz, John M.
T1  - Phase behavior and critical properties of size-asymmetric, primitive-model electrolytes.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3181
EP  - 3183
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The theory of J. Jiang et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 7977 (2002)] for size-symmetric electrolytes is extended to size-asymmetric electrolytes. When compared to molecular-simulation results, this extension gives the correct trend of critical properties with size asymmetry. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 13985242; Yuan Qin 1,2 Prausnitz, John M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 7, p3181; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1770651
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Specht, P.
AU  - Armitage, R.
AU  - Ho, J.
AU  - Gunawan, E.
AU  - Yang, Q.
AU  - Xu, X.
AU  - Kisielowski, C.
AU  - Weber, E.R.
T1  - The influence of structural properties on conductivity and luminescence of MBE grown InN
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 269
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
EP  - 118
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Within the last few years indium nitride (InN) gained substantial interest due to its controversially discussed apparent band gap and its predicted highest maximum electron mobility among several III–V compounds, including Al(Ga)N and GaAs. The band gap of epitaxial InN has been recently reported to be around 0.7 eV rather than the previously accepted value of 1.9 eV obtained from polycrystalline films. Thus, InN could be a promising material for applications in infrared opto-electronics or high-speed electronics. However, the structural quality of the InN epilayers is still inferior to GaN and needs to be improved. Also, the role of many contaminants in InN and their effect on the epilayer''s conductivity and/or luminescence properties is still under investigation.This work describes recent studies of InN growth by molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire (0 0 0 1) substrates. The effect of buffer layer variations including a prior substrate nitridation step is discussed. Structural properties (X-ray diffraction, AFM and TEM images) and chemical profiles (SIMS) will be correlated to Hall data and Photo-luminescence spectra. The role of oxygen and hydrogen as possible donors in InN will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDIUM
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - A1. Crystal structure
KW  - A1. Impurities in thin films
KW  - A1. X-ray diffraction
KW  - A3. Molecular beam epitaxy
KW  - B1. Indium nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 13956694; Specht, P. 1,2; Email Address: specht@socrates.berkeley.edu Armitage, R. 1 Ho, J. 1,2 Gunawan, E. 2 Yang, Q. 1,2 Xu, X. 1,3 Kisielowski, C. 3 Weber, E.R. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: National Center of Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 269 Issue 1, p111; Subject Term: INDIUM; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Impurities in thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Molecular beam epitaxy; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Indium nitride; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.05.097
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Li, S.X.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Ager III, J.W.
AU  - Haller, E.E.
AU  - Lu, Hai
AU  - Schaff, William J.
T1  - Optical properties and electronic structure of InN and In-rich group III-nitride alloys
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 269
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 127
SN  - 00220248
AB  - The optical properties and electronic structure of molecular-beam epitaxy grown InN and In-rich group III-nitride alloy films are studied. The band gap of InN is determined to be 0.7 eV by optical absorption, photoluminescence, and photo-modulated reflectance. The band gap exhibits weaker temperature and pressure dependencies than those of GaN and AlN. The narrow band gap leads to a strong k·p interaction, resulting in a non-parabolic conduction band, which is studied by the free electron concentration dependence of the electron effective mass. Highly n-type InN exhibits a large Burstein-Moss shift in the optical absorption edge; this effect may be responsible for the 1.9 eV band gap reported previously for some degenerately doped InN films. The band gap bowing parameters of the InGaN and InAlN alloy systems are determined. The band offset of InN with other group III-nitrides is presented and its effect on p-type doping is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - A1. Electronic structures
KW  - A1. Optical properties
KW  - B2. Semiconducting group III-nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 13956695; Walukiewicz, W. 1; Email Address: w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov Li, S.X. 1,2 Wu, J. 1,2 Yu, K.M. 1 Ager III, J.W. 1 Haller, E.E. 1,2 Lu, Hai 3 Schaff, William J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 2-200, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 269 Issue 1, p119; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Electronic structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Optical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting group III-nitrides; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.05.041
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fang, Guowei
AU  - Kuiken, Carla
AU  - Weiser, Barbara
AU  - Rowland-Jones, Sarah
AU  - Plummer, Francis
AU  - Chih-Hsiung Chen
AU  - Kaul, Rupert
AU  - Anzala, Aggrey Omu
AU  - Bwayo, Job
AU  - Kimani, Joshua
AU  - Philpott, Sean M.
AU  - Kitchen, Christina
AU  - Sinsheimer, Janet S.
AU  - Gaschen, Brian
AU  - Lang, Dorothy
AU  - Shi, Binshan
AU  - Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa
AU  - Rostron, Tim
AU  - Brunner, Cheryl
AU  - Beddows, Simon
T1  - Long-Term Survivors in Nairobi: Complete HIV-1 RNA Sequences and Immunogenetic Associations.
JO  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 190
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 697
EP  - 701
SN  - 00221899
AB  - To investigate African long-term survivors (LTSs) infected with non-subtype B human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV- 1), we obtained full-length HIV-1 RNA sequences and immunogenetic profiles from 6 untreated women enrolled in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort in Nairobi, Kenya. There were no discernible sequence changes likely to cause attenuation. CCR2-V641, an immunogenetic polymorphism linked to LTSs, was detected in 4 women, all of whom carried the HLA B58 allele. Further investigation of 99 HIV-I-infected Nairobi women found an association between CCR2-V641 and HLA B58 (P = .0048). Studying the interaction among immunogenetics, immune responses, and viral sequences from all HIV- 1 subtypes may increase our understanding of slow HIV-1 disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Infectious Diseases is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - Immune response
KW  - HIV-positive women
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Immunogenetics
N1  - Accession Number: 14028896; Fang, Guowei 1; Kuiken, Carla 2; Weiser, Barbara 1,3; Rowland-Jones, Sarah 4; Plummer, Francis 5,6; Chih-Hsiung Chen 1; Kaul, Rupert 4; Anzala, Aggrey Omu 6; Bwayo, Job 6; Kimani, Joshua 6; Philpott, Sean M. 1; Kitchen, Christina 7; Sinsheimer, Janet S. 7,8; Gaschen, Brian 2; Lang, Dorothy 2; Shi, Binshan 1; Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa 1; Rostron, Tim 4; Brunner, Cheryl 1; Beddows, Simon 9; Affiliations: 1: Wadsworth Center, NY State Department of Health, Albany, New York; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; 3: Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; 4: institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford; 5: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.; 6: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; 7: Department of Biostatistics, University of California Los Angeles, School of Public Health,; 8: Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles,; 9: imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Issue Info: 8/15/2004, Vol. 190 Issue 4, p697; Thesaurus Term: HIV (Viruses); Thesaurus Term: Immune response; Subject Term: HIV-positive women; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: Nucleotide sequence; Subject Term: Immunogenetics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srinath, S.
AU  - Vavassori, P.
AU  - Rekveldt, M.Th.
AU  - Cook, R.E.
AU  - Felcher, G.P.
T1  - Magnetization reversal in an obliquely oriented metal evaporated tape
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 279
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
EP  - 447
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Magnetization reversal in obliquely oriented metal evaporated videotapes as a function of the tape depth was studied by vector magneto-optic Kerr effect and polarized neutron reflectivity. The magnetization vector was found to rotate coherently out-of-plane by an angle <f>α</f> during the magnetization reversal for a substantial part of the hysteresis cycle. However <f>α</f> differs between the surface-facing and the substrate-facing sides of the film, with the more oxidized surface layer following closely the applied field. Close to <f>M≈0</f> the film breaks down magnetically into a collage of small domains, reflecting the crystalline microstructure of the material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - VIDEO tapes
KW  - REFLECTANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 13985790; Srinath, S. 1; Email Address: srinaths10@yahoo.com Vavassori, P. 2 Rekveldt, M.Th. 3 Cook, R.E. 4 Felcher, G.P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division (IPNS), Argonne National Laboratory, B-217, Bldg 223, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: INFM-National Research Center on NanoStructures and Biosystems at Surfaces (S3), Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy  3: Interfacultair Reactor Institut, Technische Universiteit Delft, The Netherlands  4: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 279 Issue 2/3, p440; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: VIDEO tapes; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443146 Audio and video recordings stores; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.02.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woolman, J. N.
AU  - Petrovic, J. J.
AU  - Munir, Z. A.
T1  - Microalloying of molybdenum disilicide with magnesium through mechanical and field activation.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 16/17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5037
EP  - 5043
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Utilizing a two-step method of mechanical and field activation, the heretofore-unachieved goal of incorporating Mg on the Si sub-lattice of MoSi2 was successfully demonstrated. Mechanical activation was done through high-energy ball milling and field activation was achieved through the use of the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. The incorporation of Mg was verified by a variety of techniques including XRD, SEM, and EDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROALLOYING
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - MOLYBDENUM compounds
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - MECHANICAL alloying
KW  - SINTERING
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 14360547; Woolman, J. N. 1 Petrovic, J. J. 2 Munir, Z. A. 1; Email Address: zamunir@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 16/17, p5037; Subject Term: MICROALLOYING; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM compounds; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: MECHANICAL alloying; Subject Term: SINTERING; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ishmaku, A.
AU  - Han, K.
T1  - Deformation induced Nanostructure and texture in MP35N alloys.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 16/17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5417
EP  - 5420
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - The macro-texture was related to the nano-platelets formed during the rolling deformation of a Co-Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (MP35N) with low stacking fault energy. The deformed materials showed {011}(533) texture but also had {011}(211) and {011}(100) texture components. The {011}(533) component reached the maximum at 74% reduction-in-area. Further deformation of the material to 80% decreased the intensity of the {011}(533) component. The cold deformation introduced platelets of a few atomic layer in thickness and less than 100 nm in diameters. The habit planes of the platelets were identified to be {111}, which were perpendicular to both the rolling and {011} crystallographic plane. Therefore, the tensile strain in the rolling direction assisted formation of the platelets, which were identified as stacking faults. A high density of nano-platelets and dislocations strengthened materials and influenced the plastic deformation behaviors and texture evolution. Thus, the MP35N developed slightly different textures from other low stacking fault energy materials. The maximum at {011}(533) was related the nanoplatelets and stacking fault energy. The {011}(112) and {110}(001)components could be linked to the low stacking fault energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MECHANICAL chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14360472; Ishmaku, A. 1 Han, K. 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 39 Issue 16/17, p5417; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MECHANICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixit, Narendra M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Multiplicity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in Lymphoid Tissue.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 8942
EP  - 8945
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected splenocytes in humans were recently shown to harbor three to four proviruses per cell on average (A. Jung et al., Nature 418:144, 2002). However, the mechanisms that lead to such extensive multiple infections are not understood. Here, we find by using mathematical analysis that two mechanisms quantitatively capture the distribution of proviral genomes in HIV-1-infected splenocytes, one where multiple genomes are acquired one at a time in a series of sequential infectious contacts of a target cell with free virions and infected cells, and the other where cell-to-cell transmission of multiple virions or genomes results from a single infectious contact of a target cell with an infected cell. The two mechanisms imply different genetic diversities of proviruses within an infected cell and therefore different rates of emergence of drug resistance via recombination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - VIRUS diseases
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETIC recombination
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - GENETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14303133; Dixit, Narendra M. 1 Perelson, Alan S. 1; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 78 Issue 16, p8942; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: VIRUS diseases; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETIC recombination; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.16.8942-8945.2004
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ting, Jason
AU  - Anderson, Iver E.
T1  - A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) investigation of the wake closure phenomenon
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 379
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
EP  - 276
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, the gas dynamics of the open-wake and closed-wake conditions of an annular-slit high-pressure gas atomization (AS-HPGA) nozzle were investigated to validate the predictions of a pulsatile atomization model that was recently proposed. The location of the recirculation zones, the oblique shocks and the Mach disks were analyzed for this type of closed-coupled gas atomization nozzle. The stagnation pressures located downstream of the Mach disk, in closed-wake condition, were found to be approximately twice as high as the stagnation pressure in an open-wake condition at a slightly lower atomization gas pressure. The turbulence model utilized within the CFD calculation scheme appeared to be inadequate for calculating aspiration pressure just below wake-closure pressure when the recirculation zone is extremely long and narrow. However, overall, the CFD calculation correlated well with the experimental results, showing that the aspiration pressure progressively lowers as operation pressure increases in open-wake condition, and rises as operation pressure increases in closed-wake condition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - DROPS
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - SIZE reduction of materials
KW  - CFD
KW  - Gas atomization
KW  - HPGA nozzle
KW  - Recirculation zone
KW  - Wake-closure
N1  - Accession Number: 13805931; Ting, Jason 1; Email Address: jason.ting@alcoa.com Anderson, Iver E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Alcoa Inc., Specialty Metals Division, Alcoa Technical Center, Alcoa Center, PA 15069-0001, USA  2: Ames Laboratory (US DOE), Iowa State University, 222 Metals Development Building, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 379 Issue 1/2, p264; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: DROPS; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: SIZE reduction of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: CFD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas atomization; Author-Supplied Keyword: HPGA nozzle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recirculation zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wake-closure; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.02.065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13805931&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hausladen, P.A.
AU  - Beene, J.R.
AU  - Galindo-Uribarri, A.
AU  - Liang, J.F.
AU  - Radford, D.C.
AU  - Shapira, D.
T1  - Measuring the mass of fission fragments using the HRIBF 25-MV tandem accelerator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 223-224
M3  - Article
SP  - 176
EP  - 179
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - A method whereby mass differences can be measured using the 25-MV tandem accelerator at the Holifield radioactive ion beam facility (HRIBF) is presented. The technique is unconventional in that mass differences will be measured as position differences at the image of the energy-analyzing magnet following the accelerator and will be made at energies where independent isobaric determination will be possible by a <f>ΔE</f> measurement. The technique is appropriate where the unknown mass is the most neutron-rich isobaric constituent of the beam, such as for neutron-rich fission fragments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Nuclear masses
KW  - Radioactive ion beams
N1  - Accession Number: 14168747; Hausladen, P.A.; Email Address: hauslade@mail.phy.ornl.gov Beene, J.R. 1 Galindo-Uribarri, A. 1 Liang, J.F. 1 Radford, D.C. 1 Shapira, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 223-224, p176; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear masses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive ion beams; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.036
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14168747&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogen, K.T.
AU  - Marchetti, A.A.
AU  - Brown, T.A.
T1  - Use of a correlated compound-binomial model to assess absence of non-counting noise in Pu-isotope ratios measured by AMS at LLNL
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 223-224
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 215
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Methods for error analysis pertaining to isotopic ratio measures made by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) typically focus on accuracy/precision of detected counts of a single rare isotope (e.g. 14C), relative to a current strength indicating the abundance of an isotope present in far greater amounts (e.g. 13C). Because AMS analysis of the relative abundance of actinide isotopes involves comparing detected counts that each correspond to a relatively rarely occurring isotope, error analysis is complicated by correlations between isotope-specific counts and by isotope-specific dead times, that affect each pair of isotope-specific counts. A new method of error analysis described here was developed specifically to estimate and characterize error in AMS measures of actinide isotope ratios. The method models a series of detected pairs of isotope counts as correlated compound-binomial (censored trinomial contingency) data, provides an approximately unbiased moment-method estimator of a common isotopic proportion (or ratio) corresponding to any data-pair series, and provides a corresponding homogeneity test for isotopic proportions observed within any data-pair series. Applications of this method to AMS measures of the relative abundance of plutonium isotopes, in samples analyzed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Center for AMS, revealed that observed measurement errors were nearly all attributable to modeled counting errors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - NUCLEAR fuels
KW  - 07.05.Kf
KW  - 29.85.+c
KW  - 82.80.Ms
KW  - Dead time
KW  - Dependent-multinomial or trinomial samples
KW  - Error analysis
KW  - Missing or partial categorical data
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Estimation
N1  - Accession Number: 14168755; Bogen, K.T. 1; Email Address: bogen@llnl.gov Marchetti, A.A. 1 Brown, T.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Health and Ecological Assessment Division L-396, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550 9900, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry L-397, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 223-224, p209; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fuels; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Kf; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.85.+c; Author-Supplied Keyword: 82.80.Ms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dead time; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dependent-multinomial or trinomial samples; Author-Supplied Keyword: Error analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Missing or partial categorical data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Estimation; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.043
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14168755&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stone, John
AU  - Fifield, Keith
AU  - Beer, Juerg
AU  - Vonmoos, Maura
AU  - Obrist, Christian
AU  - Grajcar, Michal
AU  - Kubik, Peter
AU  - Muscheler, Raimund
AU  - Finkel, Robert
AU  - Caffee, Marc
T1  - Co-precipitated silver–metal oxide aggregates for accelerator mass spectrometry of 10Be and 26Al
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 223-224
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
EP  - 277
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We have developed a chemical co-precipitation method for producing conductive Ag–BeO and Ag–Al2O3 aggregates for 10Be and 26Al analyses. Co-precipitation offers a rapid alternative to grinding and mixing Be and Al oxides with Ag or Cu powder, and ensures that Al and Be oxide grains produced by baking are uniformly dispersed in the conductive Ag matrix. Co-precipitated aggregates are bulkier than pure oxides and require little or no grinding, hence samples containing significantly less than 250 μg of 9Be can be manipulated and analysed, increasing the efficiency of 10Be measurements. Binding BeO with Ag reduces the chance of hazardous BeO dust escaping during sample preparation. Although ion currents from co-precipitated Ag–BeO cathodes are lower than from mixed Nb–BeO, savings in preparation time may offset longer analysis times. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - BERYLLIUM isotopes
KW  - ALUMINUM isotopes
KW  - ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry
KW  - Aluminum-26
KW  - Beryllium-10
KW  - Sample preparation
N1  - Accession Number: 14168769; Stone, John 1; Email Address: stone@geology.washington.edu Fifield, Keith 2 Beer, Juerg 3 Vonmoos, Maura 3 Obrist, Christian 3 Grajcar, Michal 3 Kubik, Peter 4 Muscheler, Raimund 3 Finkel, Robert 5 Caffee, Marc 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195-1310, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia  3: Eidgenössische Anstalt für Wasserversorgung, Abwasserreinigung und Gewässerschutz (EAWAG), Ueberlandstrasse 133, Postfach 611, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland  4: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Paul Scherrer Institut (ETH/PSI), CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland  5: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 223-224, p272; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM isotopes; Subject Term: ALUMINUM isotopes; Subject Term: ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum-26; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beryllium-10; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sample preparation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14168769&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zermeño, Paula
AU  - Kurdyla, Dorothy K.
AU  - Buchholz, Bruce A.
AU  - Heller, Samuel J.
AU  - Kashgarian, Michaele
AU  - Frantz, Brian R.
T1  - Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 223-224
M3  - Article
SP  - 293
EP  - 297
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The presence of elevated 14C contamination in a laboratory preparing samples for natural radiocarbon analysis is detrimental to the laboratory workspace as well as the research being conducted. Elevated 14C contamination occurs via many different pathways, but procedures can be adopted to prevent and remove this type of contamination. In this paper we present our current practices for preventing contamination, evaluating and monitoring potential workspaces and cleaning contaminated workspaces and laboratory equipment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - AMS
KW  - Contamination
KW  - Sample preparation
N1  - Accession Number: 14168772; Zermeño, Paula; Email Address: zermeno1@llnl.gov Kurdyla, Dorothy K. 1 Buchholz, Bruce A. 1 Heller, Samuel J. 1 Kashgarian, Michaele 1 Frantz, Brian R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-403, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 223-224, p293; Subject Term: ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: AMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sample preparation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14168772&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, T.A.
AU  - Marchetti, A.A.
AU  - Martinelli, R.E.
AU  - Cox, C.C.
AU  - Knezovich, J.P.
AU  - Hamilton, T.F.
T1  - Actinide measurements by accelerator mass spectrometry at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 223-224
M3  - Article
SP  - 788
EP  - 795
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - We report on the development of an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system for the measurement of actinides at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. This AMS system is centered on a recently completed heavy isotope beam line that was designed particularly for high sensitivity, robust, high throughput measurements of actinide concentrations and isotopic ratios. A fast-isotope switching capability has been incorporated in the system, allowing flexibility in isotope selection and for the quasi-continuous normalization to a reference isotope spike.Initially, our utilization of the heavy isotope system has concentrated on the measurement of Pu isotopes. Under current operating conditions, background levels equivalent to ∼1 × 105 atoms are observed during routine 239Pu and 240Pu measurements. Measurements of samples containing ∼1013238U atoms demonstrate that the system provides a 238U rejection factor during 239Pu measurements of ∼107. Measurements of known materials, combined with results from an externally organized intercomparison program, indicate that our 239Pu measurements are accurate and precise down to the μBq level (∼106 atoms). Recently, we have investigated the performance of our heavy isotope AMS system in measurements of 237Np and 236U. Results of these investigations are discussed. The sensitivity shown by our Pu measurements, combined with the high throughput and interference rejection capabilities of our AMS system, demonstrate that AMS can provide a rapid and cost-effective measurement technique for actinides in a wide variety of studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - RADIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry
KW  - 82.80.Ms
KW  - Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)
KW  - Actinide elements
KW  - Actinides
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Plutonium bioassay
KW  - Radiochemistry
KW  - Trace detection
N1  - Accession Number: 14168873; Brown, T.A. 1; Email Address: tabrown@llnl.gov Marchetti, A.A. 2 Martinelli, R.E. 2 Cox, C.C. 2 Knezovich, J.P. 1 Hamilton, T.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry L-397, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 223-224, p788; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: RADIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: 82.80.Ms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinide elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium bioassay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trace detection; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.146
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14168873&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buchholz, Bruce A.
AU  - Mueller, Charles J.
AU  - Martin, Glen C.
AU  - Cheng, A.S.
AU  - Dibble, Robert W.
AU  - Frantz, Brian R.
T1  - Tracing fuel component carbon in the emissions from diesel engines
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 223-224
M3  - Article
SP  - 837
EP  - 841
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - The addition of oxygenates to diesel fuel can reduce particulate emissions, but the underlying chemical pathways for the reductions are not well understood. While measurements of particulate matter (PM), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) are routine, determining the contribution of carbon atoms in the original fuel molecules to the formation of these undesired exhaust emissions has proven difficult. Renewable bio-derived fuels (ethanol or bio-diesel) containing a universal distribution of contemporary carbon are easily traced by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). These measurements provide general information about the emissions of bio-derived fuels. Another approach exploits synthetic organic chemistry to place 14C atoms in a specific bond position in a specific fuel molecule. The highly labeled fuel molecule is then diluted in 14C-free petroleum-derived stock to make a contemporary petroleum fuel suitable for tracing. The specific 14C atoms are then traced through the combustion event to determine whether they reside in PM, HC, CO, CO2, or other emission products. This knowledge of how specific molecular structures produce certain emissions can be used to refine chemical-kinetic combustion models and to optimize fuel composition to reduce undesired emissions. Due to the high sensitivity of the technique and the lack of appreciable 14C in fossil fuels, fuels for AMS experiments can be labeled with modern levels of 14C and still produce a strong signal. Since the fuel is not radioactive, emission tests can be conducted in any conventional engine lab, dynamometer facility, or on the open road. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry
KW  - DIESEL fuels
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - DYNAMOMETER
KW  - Accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - Diesel
KW  - Particulate matter
KW  - Volatile organic fraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14168882; Buchholz, Bruce A. 1; Email Address: buchholz2@llnl.gov Mueller, Charles J. 2 Martin, Glen C. 2,3 Cheng, A.S. 4 Dibble, Robert W. 4 Frantz, Brian R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for AMS, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  4: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 223-224, p837; Subject Term: ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry; Subject Term: DIESEL fuels; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: DYNAMOMETER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diesel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particulate matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile organic fraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.154
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14168882&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eyink, Gregory L.
AU  - Restrepo, Juan M.
AU  - Alexander, Francis J.
T1  - A mean field approximation in data assimilation for nonlinear dynamics
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 195
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 368
SN  - 01672789
AB  - This paper considers the problem of data assimilation into nonlinear stochastic dynamic equations, from the point of view that the optimal solution is provided by the probabilities conditioned upon observations. An implementation of Bayes formula is described to calculate such probabilities. In the context of a simple model with multimodal statistics, it is shown that the conditional statistics succeed in tracking mode transitions where some standard suboptimal estimators fail. However, in complex models the exact conditional probabilities cannot be practically calculated. Instead, approximations to the conditional statistics must be sought. In this paper, attention is focused on approximations to the analysis step arising from the conditioning on observational data. A suboptimal mean-field conditional analysis is obtained from a statistical mechanics of time-histories. It is shown to have a variational formulation, reducing the approximate calculation of the conditional statistics to the minimization of the “effective action”, a convex cost function. This mean-field analysis is compared with a standard linear analysis, based on a Kalman gain matrix. In the simple model problem, the mean-field conditional analysis is shown to approximate well the exact conditional statistics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - STATISTICAL physics
KW  - Bayes formula
KW  - Data assimilation
KW  - Mean field
N1  - Accession Number: 13956968; Eyink, Gregory L. 1 Restrepo, Juan M. 2; Email Address: restrepo@math.arizona.edu Alexander, Francis J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mathematical Sciences Department, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  2: Department of Mathematics and Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  3: CCS 3, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 195 Issue 3/4, p347; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: STATISTICAL physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayes formula; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data assimilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mean field; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2004.04.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13956968&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reed, R.C.
AU  - Yeh, A.C.
AU  - Tin, S.
AU  - Babu, S.S.
AU  - Miller, M.K.
T1  - Identification of the partitioning characteristics of ruthenium in single crystal superalloys using atom probe tomography
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 331
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Two experimental Re-containing single crystal superalloys, one doped with Ru, are studied using atom probe tomography. This has allowed the partitioning coefficient of Ru to be determined, and the effect on the partitioning characteristics of the alloying elements Cr, Al, Re, Co, Ta, Hf and W to be identified. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MICROALLOYING
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - Atom-probe field-ion microscopy
KW  - Elemental partitioning behaviour
KW  - Nickel alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 13327733; Reed, R.C. 1; Email Address: roger.reed@cmpe.ubc.ca Yeh, A.C. 2 Tin, S. 2 Babu, S.S. 3 Miller, M.K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Metals and Materials Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 309-6350 Stores Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4  2: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, TN 37831-6136, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 51 Issue 4, p327; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MICROALLOYING; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom-probe field-ion microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elemental partitioning behaviour; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel alloys; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.04.019
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13327733&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bobev, Svilen
AU  - Williams, Darrick J.
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Thermal expansion in YbGaGe
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 131
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 431
EP  - 433
SN  - 00381098
AB  - Thermal expansion and magnetic susceptibility measurements as a function of temperature are reported for YbGaGe. Despite the fact that this material has been claimed to show zero thermal expansion over a wide temperature range, we observe thermal expansion typical of metals and Pauli paramagnetic behavior, which perhaps indicates strong sample dependence in this system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - METALS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - A. Metals
KW  - C. Crystal structure and symmetry
KW  - D. Thermal expansion
KW  - D. Valence fluctuations
KW  - E. Neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 13985217; Bobev, Svilen; Email Address: sbobev@lanl.gov Williams, Darrick J. 1 Thompson, J.D. 1 Sarrao, J.L.; Email Address: sarrao@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, LANSCE-12 MS H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 131 Issue 7, p431; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Crystal structure and symmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Thermal expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Valence fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Neutron scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.06.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13985217&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yin, T. M.
AU  - DiFazio, S. P.
AU  - Gunter, L. E.
AU  - Riemenschneider, D.
AU  - Tuskan, G. A.
T1  - Large-scale heterospecific segregation distortion in Populus revealed by a dense genetic map.
JO  - Theoretical & Applied Genetics
JF  - Theoretical & Applied Genetics
Y1  - 2004/08/15/
VL  - 109
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
EP  - 463
SN  - 00405752
AB  - We report the most complete genetic map to have been constructed for the genus Populus. This map includes 544 markers mapped onto 19 linkage groups, equivalent to the Populus chromosome number, with all markers displaying internally consistent linkage patterns. We estimate the genome length to be between 2,300 and 2,500 cM, based both on the observed number of crossovers in the maternal haplotypes, as well as the total observed map length. Genome coverage was estimated to be greater than 99.9% at 20 cM per marker. We did not detect obvious recombination repression in the maternal tree (a hybrid of Populus trichocarpa Hooker × P. deltoides Marsh.) compared to the paternal tree (pure P. deltoides). Finally, most markers exhibiting segregation distortion were derived from the donor parent in this backcross, and generally occurred in large contiguous blocks on two linkage groups. We hypothesize that divergent selection has occurred on chromosomal scales among the parental species used to create this pedigree, and explore the evolutionary implications of this observation. This genetic linkage map provides the most comprehensive view of the Populus genome reported to date and will prove invaluable for future inquiries into the structural and functional genomics, evolutionary biology, and genetic improvement of this ecologically important model species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Theoretical & Applied Genetics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE mapping
KW  - POPLAR
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 15781493; Yin, T. M. 1,2 DiFazio, S. P. 1 Gunter, L. E. 1 Riemenschneider, D. 3 Tuskan, G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, TN 37831-6422, Oak Ridge, USA  2: The Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetic Engineering of the State Forestry Administration, Nanjing Forestry University, JS 210037, Nanjing, China  3: USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 5985 Highway K, WI 54501, Rhinelander, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 109 Issue 3, p451; Subject Term: GENE mapping; Subject Term: POPLAR; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carr, D.G.
AU  - Ripley, M.I.
AU  - Holden, T.M.
AU  - Brown, D.W.
AU  - Vogel, S.C.
T1  - Residual stress measurements in a zircaloy-4 weld by neutron diffraction
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 52
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4083
EP  - 4091
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The macroscopic stress distribution across a Zircaloy-4 gas tungsten arc weld was measured by time-of-flight neutron diffraction at the SMARTS diffractometer at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The method enabled the measurement of strain for all the available reflections permitted by the rolling texture of the plate and the modified texture in the weld-metal and heat affected zone. A maximum longitudinal stress of 220 ± 40 MPa was observed in the weld compared with the 0.2% yield stress of 390 MPa of the plate. A maximum transverse stress of 60 ± 40 MPa was observed in the weld. Textures were measured at the HIPPO diffractometer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - WELDING
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Stress
KW  - Weld
KW  - Zircaloy-4
N1  - Accession Number: 13902350; Carr, D.G. 1; Email Address: dgc@ansto.gov.au Ripley, M.I. 1 Holden, T.M. 2 Brown, D.W. 3 Vogel, S.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials and Engineering Science, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, PMB1, Lucas Heights, NSW, Menai 2234, Australia  2: Northern Stress Technologies, Deep River, Ont., Canada K0J 1P0  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 14, p4083; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: WELDING; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Weld; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zircaloy-4; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.05.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kutsenko, L.
AU  - Fuks, D.
AU  - Kiv, A.
AU  - Burlaka, L.
AU  - Talianker, M.
AU  - Monteiro, O.
AU  - Brown, I.
T1  - Structural changes in Mg alloy induced by plasma immersion ion implantation of Ag
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 52
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4329
EP  - 4335
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Formation of intermetallic compounds within the Mg matrix as a result of implantation of Ag by plasma immersion ion implantation technology was investigated. Transmission electron-microscopy studies of the implanted samples revealed the appearance of nanoparticles of binary phase Mg–Ag. A model based on the classical mechanisms of propagation of accelerated ions through the metal matrix was suggested for the explanation of the experimental observations. Ab initio calculations of the electronic sub-systems proved to be helpful in providing theoretical prediction of the structural changes, which may be induced in the implanted system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - GOLD
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - Ab initio electron theory
KW  - Implantation
KW  - Magnesium alloy
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13902372; Kutsenko, L. 1 Fuks, D. 1 Kiv, A. 1; Email Address: kiv@bgumail.bgu.ac.il Burlaka, L. 1 Talianker, M. 1 Monteiro, O. 2 Brown, I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Ben-Gurion Boulevard, POB 653 Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 14, p4329; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio electron theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implantation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.05.049
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Molodov, D.A.
AU  - Sheikh-Ali, A.D.
T1  - Effect of magnetic field on texture evolution in titanium
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 52
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 4377
EP  - 4383
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The effect of a high magnetic field on texture development in titanium is addressed. Cold rolled (82%) titanium shows a typical rolling texture with two components in the {0 0 0 2} pole figure, which remains after recrystallization and subsequent grain growth. The annealing of titanium sheet samples in the hexagonal phase field (750 °C) in a magnetic field of 19.4 T with the sheet normal parallel or perpendicular to the field direction does not change the final texture. In contrast, the same thermo-magnetic treatment results in a distinct difference between usually symmetrical texture peaks when the sample is tilted by +30° or -30° to the magnetic field direction around the rolling direction leading to a configuration where the <f>c</f> <f>(〈0 0 0 1〉)</f> axis of grains corresponding to one texture component is aligned normal to the magnetic field direction. This observation is attributed to grain growth affected by an additional driving force arising in a magnetic field by the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility of titanium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - Grain growth
KW  - Magnetic anisotropy
KW  - Texture
KW  - Titanium
N1  - Accession Number: 13902376; Molodov, D.A. 1; Email Address: molodov@imm.rwth-aachen.de Sheikh-Ali, A.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physical Metallurgy and Metal Physics, Aachen University, Kopernikusstr. 14, D-52056 Aachen, Germany  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 52 Issue 14, p4377; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titanium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.06.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moussa, R.
AU  - Foteinopoulou, S.
AU  - Soukoulis, C. M.
T1  - Delay-time investigation of electromagnetic waves through homogeneous medium and photonic crystal left-handed materials.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 85
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1125
EP  - 1127
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Results of the delay time for the electromagnetic wave to reach its final direction through both photonic crystal and homogeneous medium are presented. The delay- or transient-time results, based on different cases and different incoming wave angles, show that the diffracted beam is trapped at the interface. This delay time is longer for the negative refractive index photonic crystal and is almost twice the duration of the delay time for the positive one. For the homogeneous medium, we also find that at the interface between a right- and left-handed medium the delay time is even longer than in the photonic crystal case. A comparison between left-handed behavior in photonic crystals and homogeneous media is reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - REFRACTION (Optics)
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14085054; Moussa, R. 1 Foteinopoulou, S. 1 Soukoulis, C. M. 1; Email Address: soukouli@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 8/16/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 7, p1125; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: REFRACTION (Optics); Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781742
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tian, Y.
AU  - Li, G.
AU  - Shinar, J.
AU  - Wang, N. L.
AU  - Cook, B. A.
AU  - Anderegg, J. W.
AU  - Constant, A. P.
AU  - Russell, A. M.
AU  - Snyder, J. E.
T1  - Electrical transport in amorphous semiconducting AlMgB14 films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 85
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1181
EP  - 1183
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The electrical transport properties of semiconducting AlMgB14 films deposited at room temperature and 573 K are reported in this letter. The as-deposited films are amorphous, and they exhibit high n-type electrical conductivity, which is believed to stem from the conduction electrons donated by Al, Mg, and/or Fe impurities in these films. The film deposited at 573 K is less conductive than the room-temperature-deposited film. This is attributed to the nature of donor or trap states in the band gap related to the different deposition temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14085035; Tian, Y. 1; Email Address: ytian@iastate.edu Li, G. 2 Shinar, J. 2 Wang, N. L. 3 Cook, B. A. 4 Anderegg, J. W. 4 Constant, A. P. 1 Russell, A. M. 1 Snyder, J. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.  2: Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames,Iowa 50011  3: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.  4: Ames Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 8/16/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 7, p1181; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781738
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Pan
AU  - Saraf, Gaurav
AU  - Yicheng Lu
AU  - Hill, David H.
AU  - Bartynski, Robert A.
AU  - Arena, Dario A.
AU  - Mee-Yi Ryu
AU  - Raley, Jeremy A.
AU  - Yung Kee Yeo
T1  - Ion-beam-induced sharpening of ZnO nanotips.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 85
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1247
EP  - 1249
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Fe ions of dose 5×1016 cm-2 were implanted at 200 keV into ZnO nanotips at room temperature. Scanning electron microscopy images show that the implanted ZnO tips are much sharper than the as-grown ones. The sharpening effect of the ZnO nanotips is attributed to the interplay between ion sputtering and ion-induced surface diffusion. X-ray diffraction indicates that ZnO crystallinity was preserved during implantation. Photoluminescence measurements show development of a broad blue band and severe UV quenching upon ion bombardment, and partial recovery after annealing. X-ray absorption spectroscopy is consistent with Fe ions that are substitutional for Zn in the ZnO wurtzite lattice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRON ions
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - ZINC oxide
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 14085013; Wu, Pan 1 Saraf, Gaurav 1 Yicheng Lu 1; Email Address: ylu@ece.rutgers.edu Hill, David H. 2 Bartynski, Robert A. 2 Arena, Dario A. 3 Mee-Yi Ryu 4 Raley, Jeremy A. 4 Yung Kee Yeo 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Surface Modification, Rutgers University,Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.  3: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  4: Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433.; Source Info: 8/16/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 7, p1247; Subject Term: IRON ions; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784043
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14085013&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuo
AU  - I-F. W.
AU  - Mundy
AU  - C. J.
AU  - McGrath
AU  - M. J.
AU  - Siepmann
AU  - J. I.
AU  - VandeVondele
AU  - J.
AU  - Sprik
AU  - M.
AU  - Hutter
AU  - Chen
AU  - B.
AU  - Klein
AU  - M. L.
AU  - Mohamed
AU  - F.
AU  - Krack
T1  - Liquid Water from First Principles:  Investigation of Different Sampling Approaches.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 108
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 12990
EP  - 12998
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A series of first principles molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations were carried out for liquid water to investigate the reproducibility of different sampling approaches. These simulations include Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations using the program cpmd with different values of the fictitious electron mass in the microcanonical and canonical ensembles, Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics using the programs cpmd and cp2k in the microcanonical ensemble, and Metropolis Monte Carlo using cp2k in the canonical ensemble. With the exception of one simulation for 128 water molecules, all other simulations were carried out for systems consisting of 64 molecules. Although the simulations yield somewhat fortuitous agreement in structural properties, analysis of other properties demonstrate that one should exercise caution when assuming the reproducibility of Car-Parrinello and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations for small system sizes in the microcanonical ensemble. In contrast, the molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations in the canonical ensemble appear to be more reliable. Furthermore, in the case of canonical Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations the application of Nosé-Hoover chain thermostats allows the use of larger fictitious electron masses. For the Becke-Lee-Yang-Parr exchange and correlation energy functionals and norm-conserving Troullier-Martins or Goedecker-Teter-Hutter pseudopotentials, these simulations at a fixed density of 1.0 g/cm3 and a temperature close to 315 K point to an overstructured liquid with a height of the first peak in the oxygen-oxygen radial distribution function of about 3.0, an underestimated value of the classical constant-volume heat capacity of about 70 J/(mol K), and an underestimated self-diffusion constant of about 0.04 Å2/ps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - CONTACT transformations
KW  - SAMPLING (Process)
N1  - Accession Number: 14936083; Kuo I-F. W. 1 Mundy C. J. 1 McGrath M. J. 1 Siepmann J. I. 1 VandeVondele J. 1 Sprik M. 1 Hutter Chen B. 1 Klein M. L. 1 Mohamed F. 1 Krack; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, Departments of Chemistry and of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, Physical Chemistry Institute, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, Center for Molecular Modeling and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, USI-Campus, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 108 Issue 34, p12990; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: CONTACT transformations; Subject Term: SAMPLING (Process); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lushnikov, Pavel M.
T1  - Exactly integrable dynamics of interface between ideal fluid and light viscous fluid
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 329
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 54
SN  - 03759601
AB  - It is shown that dynamics of the interface between ideal fluid and light viscous fluid is exactly integrable in the approximation of small surface slopes for two-dimensional flow. Stokes flow of viscous fluid provides a relation between normal velocity and pressure at interface. Surface elevation and velocity potential of ideal fluid are determined from two complex Burgers equations corresponding to analytical continuation of velocity potential at the interface into upper and lower complex half planes, respectively. The interface loses its smoothness if complex singularities (poles) reach the interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 13956861; Lushnikov, Pavel M. 1,2; Email Address: lushnikov@cnls.lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kosygin St. 2, Moscow 119334, Russia; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329 Issue 1/2, p49; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.06.073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Son, S.
AU  - Fisch, N.J.
T1  - Aneutronic fusion in a degenerate plasma
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 329
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
EP  - 82
SN  - 03759601
AB  - In a Fermi-degenerate plasma, the electronic stopping of a slow ion is smaller than that given by the classical formula, because some transitions between the electron states are forbidden. The bremsstrahlung losses are then smaller, so that the nuclear burning of an aneutronic fuel is more efficient. Consequently, there occurs a parameter regime in which self-burning is possible. Practical obstacles in this regime that must be overcome before net energy can be realized include the compression of the fuel to an ultra dense state and the creation of a hot spot. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE plasmas
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13956865; Son, S.; Email Address: sson@pppl.gov Fisch, N.J. 1; Email Address: fisch@pppl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, NJ, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 329 Issue 1/2, p76; Subject Term: SPACE plasmas; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.06.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saxena, Surendra K.
AU  - Liermann, Hanns-Peter
AU  - Shen, Guoyin
T1  - Formation of iron hydride and high-magnetite at high pressure and temperature
JO  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
JF  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 146
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 317
SN  - 00319201
AB  - Iron hydride (FeHx) is considered as suitable storage for hydrogen in the earth’s interior and possibly in the core [J. Geophys. Res. 91 (B 9) (1986) 9222]. Most experimental data on its stability pertain to low pressures (<10 GPa) and temperatures. We studied the reaction of iron with brucite (water) at pressures 75 GPa and temperatures of ∼2000 K using the double-side laser-heated diamond-anvil cell. A high-pressure phase of magnetite (Fe3O4) (orthorhombic) and iron hydride (double hcp) were found to exist stably under these conditions. The results indicate that at pressures corresponding to the earth’s lower mantle, the hydride phase is stable, and that orthorhombic high-magnetite (h-Fe3O4) may also be stabilized in lieu of or in addition to magnesiowuestite. The stability of these phases open up the possibility that water (as a component of a fluid phase or hydrous solids) may be present not only in the mantle but also in the core (as dissolved hydride and oxide), which helps melting and dynamic movements. The core may have been the reservoir of oceans of fluid. A percent of water (by weight) in the core is equivalent to about 10 times the water in all the oceans. The dissolved water components in the core would depress the melting temperature of iron (or iron–nickel alloy) significantly, reduce the density and effectively promote convection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - INNER planets
KW  - Earth
KW  - High-magnetite
KW  - Iron hydride
N1  - Accession Number: 13703144; Saxena, Surendra K. 1; Email Address: saxenas@fiu.edu Liermann, Hanns-Peter 1 Shen, Guoyin 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for the Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions (CeSMEC), Florida International University, VH-150, Miami, FL 33199, USA  2: Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, Argonne National Laboratory, The University of Chicago, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Bldg 434A, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 146 Issue 1/2, p313; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: INNER planets; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earth; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-magnetite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron hydride; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pepi.2003.07.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zimenkov, Yuri
AU  - Conticello, Vincent P.
AU  - Guo, Liang
AU  - Thiyagarajan, Pappannan
T1  - Rational design of a nanoscale helical scaffold derived from self-assembly of a dimeric coiled coil motif
JO  - Tetrahedron
JF  - Tetrahedron
Y1  - 2004/08/16/
VL  - 60
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 7237
EP  - 7246
SN  - 00404020
AB  - We describe a model for the design of synthetic α-helical peptides that are competent for self-assembly into structurally defined supramolecular fibrils on the basis of architectural features that have been programmed into the peptide sequence. In order to test the validity of this experimental model, we have synthesized an oligopeptide  that was designed to conform to this model and to self-assemble into an α-helical fibril in which the structural sub-units that comprise the fibril corresponded to coiled coil dimers. Peptide  was prepared via conventional solid-phase peptide synthesis and was composed of 42 amino acid residues such that the sequence defined six distinct heptad repeats of a coiled coil structure. The sequence of  was designed to adopt an α-helical conformation in which the helical protomers self-associate in a parallel orientation with a staggered orientation between adjacent peptides that corresponded to an axial displacement of three heptads. The self-assembly of peptide  was examined at varying levels of structural hierarchy for compliance of the observed structures with the experimental model. Circular dichroism spectroscopy provided evidence for an α-helical coiled coil structure for  in aqueous solution, which could be reversibly denatured through thermal methods. TEM measurements indicated the formation of long aspect-ratio fibers of uniform diameter from aqueous solutions of , however the dimensions of the fibers suggested that lateral association occurred between the fibrils corresponding to the 2-stranded helical bundles. The α-helical coiled coil structure was confirmed in the solid-state for fibers derived from self-assembly of  by a combination of wide-angle X-ray diffraction and 13C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. SANS and synchrotron SAXS measurements on dilute aqueous solutions of  provided a fibril diameter that corresponded to the lateral dimensions estimated for a dimeric coiled coil assembly on the basis of structural determinations of model peptides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
KW  - Nanotechnology
KW  - Peptide chemistry
KW  - Self-assembly
N1  - Accession Number: 13905158; Zimenkov, Yuri 1 Conticello, Vincent P. 1; Email Address: vcontic@emory.edu Guo, Liang 2 Thiyagarajan, Pappannan 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Center for the Analysis of Supramolecular Self-assembly, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 60 Issue 34, p7237; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanotechnology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peptide chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-assembly; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giatzei, Pieter
AU  - Bergmann, Uwe
AU  - Yano, Junko
AU  - Visser, Hendrik
AU  - Robbiee, John H.
AU  - Gu, Weiwel
AU  - de Groot, Frank M. F.
AU  - Christou, George
AU  - Pecoraro, Vincent L.
AU  - Cramer, Stephen P.
AU  - Yachandra, Vittal K.
T1  - The Electronic Structure of Mn in Oxides, Coordination Complexes, and the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II Studied by Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/18/
VL  - 126
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 9946
EP  - 9959
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) was used to collect Mn K pre-edge spectra and to study the electronic structure in oxides, molecular coordination complexes, as well as the S1 and S2 states of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II (PS Il). The RIXS data yield two-dimensional plots that can be interpreted along the incident (absorption) energy or the energy transfer axis. The second energy dimension separates the pre-edge (predominantly is to 3d transitions) from the main K-edge, and a detailed analysis is thus possible. The 1s2p RIXS final-state electron configuration along the energy transfer axis is identical to conventional L-edge absorption spectroscopy, and the RIXS spectra are therefore sensitive to the Mn spin state. This new technique thus yields information on the electronic structure that is not accessible in conventional K-edge absorption spectroscopy. The line splittings can be understood within a ligand field multiplet model, i.e., (3d,3d) and (2p,3d) two-electron interactions are crucial to describe the spectral shapes in all systems. We propose to explain the shift of the K pre-edge absorption energy upon Mn oxidation in terms of the effective number of 3d electrons (fractional 3d orbital population). The spectral changes in the Mn 1s2p3/2 RIXS spectra between the PS II S1 and S2 states are small compared to that of the oxides and two of the coordination complexes (Mn111(acac) 3 and MnIV(sal) 2(bipy)). We conclude that the electron in the step from S1 to S2 is transferred from a strongly delocalized orbital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - MANGANESE
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 14256947; Giatzei, Pieter 1,2; Email Address: Pieter.Glatzel@gmx.org Bergmann, Uwe 3 Yano, Junko 3 Visser, Hendrik 3 Robbiee, John H. 3 Gu, Weiwel 1 de Groot, Frank M. F. 2 Christou, George 4 Pecoraro, Vincent L. 5 Cramer, Stephen P. 1,3 Yachandra, Vittal K. 3; Email Address: VKYachandra@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Davis.  2: Utrecht University.  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.  4: University of Florida.  5: University of Michigan.; Source Info: 8/18/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 32, p9946; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: MANGANESE; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blizanac, Berislav B.
AU  - Arenz, Matthias
AU  - Ross, Philip N.
AU  - Marković, Nenad M.
T1  - Surface Electrochemistry of CO on Reconstructed Gold Single Crystal Surfaces Studied by Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy and Rotating Disk Electrode.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/18/
VL  - 126
IS  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 10130
EP  - 10141
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The electrooxidation of CO has been studied on reconstructed gold single-crystal surfaces by a combination of electrochemical (EC) and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (1RAS) measurements. Emphasis is placed on relating the vibrational properties of the CO adlayer to the voltammetric and other macroscopic electrochemical responses, including rotating disk electrode measurements of the catalytic activity. The IRAS data show that the C-O stretching frequencies are strongly dependent on the surface orientation and can be observed in the range 1940-1990 cm-1 for the 3-fold bridging, 2005-2070 cm-1 for the 2-fold bridging, and 2115-2140 for the terminal position. The most complex CO spectra are found for the Au(110)-(1 × 2) surface, i.e., a band near 1965 cm-1, with the second, weaker band shifted positively by about 45 cm-1, and, finally, a weak band near 2115 cm-1. While the C-O stretching frequencies for a CO adlayer adsorbed on Au(111)-(1 × 23) show ccq bands at 2029-2069 cm-1 and at 1944-1986 cm-1, on the Au(100)-"hex" surface a single CO band is observed at 2004-2029 cm-1. In the "argon-purged" solution, the terminal vco band on Au(110)-(1×2) and the 3-fold bridging band on the Au(111)-(1 × 23) disappear entirely. The IRAS/EC data show that the kinetics of CO oxidation are structure sensitive; i.e., the onset of CO oxidation increases in the order Au(110)-(1 × 2) ≥ Au(100)-"hex" > Au(111)-(1 × 23). Possible explanations for the structure sensitivity are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GOLD
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ARGON
N1  - Accession Number: 14256967; Blizanac, Berislav B. 1 Arenz, Matthias 1 Ross, Philip N. 1 Marković, Nenad M. 1; Email Address: nmmarkovic@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 8/18/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 32, p10130; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ARGON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prescher, Jennifer A.
AU  - Dube, Danielle H.
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
T1  - Chemical remodelling of cell surfaces in living animals.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/19/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7002
M3  - Article
SP  - 873
EP  - 877
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Cell surfaces are endowed with biological functionality designed to mediate extracellular communication. The cell-surface repertoire can be expanded to include abiotic functionality through the biosynthetic introduction of unnatural sugars into cellular glycans, a process termed metabolic oligosaccharide engineering. This technique has been exploited in fundamental studies of glycan-dependent cell-cell and virus-cell interactions and also provides an avenue for the chemical remodelling of living cells. Unique chemical functional groups can be delivered to cell-surface glycans by metabolism of the corresponding unnatural precursor sugars. These functional groups can then undergo covalent reaction with exogenous agents bearing complementary functionality. The exquisite chemical selectivity required of this process is supplied by the Staudinger ligation of azides and phosphines, a reaction that has been performed on cultured cells without detriment to their physiology. Here we demonstrate that the Staudinger ligation can be executed in living animals, enabling the chemical modification of cells within their native environment. The ability to tag cell-surface glycans in vivo may enable therapeutic targeting and non-invasive imaging of changes in glycosylation during disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - OLIGOSACCHARIDES
KW  - GLUCOSIDES
KW  - PHOSPHINE
KW  - CELL culture
KW  - ANIMALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14162042; Prescher, Jennifer A. 1 Dube, Danielle H. 1 Bertozzi, Carolyn R. 1,2; Email Address: crb@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 8/19/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7002, p873; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: OLIGOSACCHARIDES; Subject Term: GLUCOSIDES; Subject Term: PHOSPHINE; Subject Term: CELL culture; Subject Term: ANIMALS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02791
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Changwook
AU  - BumSoo Hong
AU  - Jung Min Choi
AU  - Yugene Kim
AU  - Watanabe, Saori
AU  - Ishimi, Yukio
AU  - Enomoto, Takemi
AU  - Tada, Shusuke
AU  - Youngchang Kim
AU  - Yunje Cho
T1  - Structural basis for inhibition of the replication licensing factor Cdt1 by geminin.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/19/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7002
M3  - Article
SP  - 913
EP  - 917
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - To maintain chromosome stability in eukaryotic cells, replication origins must be licensed by loading mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM2-7) complexes once and only once per cell cycle. This licensing control is achieved through the activities of geminin and cyclin-dependent kinases. Geminin binds tightly to Cdt1, an essential component of the replication licensing system, and prevents the inappropriate reinitiation of replication on an already fired origin. The inhibitory effect of geminin is thought to prevent the interaction between Cdt1 and the MCM helicase. Here we describe the crystal structure of the mouse geminin-Cdt1 complex using tGeminin (residues 79-157, truncated geminin) and tCdt1 (residues 172-368, truncated Cdt1). The amino-terminal region of a coiled-coil dimer of tGeminin interacts with both N-terminal and carboxy-terminal parts of tCdt1. The primary interface relies on the steric complementarity between the tGeminin dimer and the hydrophobic face of the two short N-terminal helices of tCdt1 and, in particular, Pro 181, Ala 182, Tyr 183, Phe 186 and Leu 189. The crystal structure, in conjunction with our biochemical data, indicates that the N-terminal region of tGeminin might be required to anchor tCdt1, and the C-terminal region of tGeminin prevents access of the MCM complex to tCdt1 through steric hindrance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - EUKARYOTIC cells
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - CYCLIN-dependent kinases
N1  - Accession Number: 14162036; Lee, Changwook 1 BumSoo Hong 1 Jung Min Choi 1 Yugene Kim 1 Watanabe, Saori 2 Ishimi, Yukio 3 Enomoto, Takemi 2 Tada, Shusuke 2 Youngchang Kim 4 Yunje Cho 1; Email Address: yunje@postech.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: National Creative Research Center for Structural Biology and Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology Hyo-ja dong, San31, Pohang KyungBook, South Korea.  2: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Senda, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.  3: Biomolecular and Technology Department Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences, 11 Minamiooya, Machida, Tokyo 194-8511, Japan.  4: Bioscience Division, Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.; Source Info: 8/19/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7002, p913; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: EUKARYOTIC cells; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: CYCLIN-dependent kinases; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02813
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nukala, Phani Kumar V.V.
AU  - White, Donald W.
T1  - Variationally consistent state determination algorithms for nonlinear mixed beam finite elements
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/08/20/
VL  - 193
IS  - 33-35
M3  - Article
SP  - 3647
EP  - 3666
SN  - 00457825
AB  - This paper presents and evaluates several variationally consistent state determination algorithms for geometric and material nonlinear beam finite elements based on the Hellinger–Reissner (HR) assumed stress variational principle. The specifically targeted element type is derived from the two-field (displacement and generalized stress) form of this principle. Momentum balance and strain compatibility are expressed in a weak-form, and the constitutive equations are satisfied directly at each integration point (i.e., section) along the element length. A specific formulation of one element of this type is presented in a companion paper. Interelement compatibility is not enforced in the dual (stress resultant) variables for this element, and thus various state determination algorithms can be formulated at the local (i.e., element and section) levels. Four state determination algorithms, referred to as the L–L, L–N, N–L and N–N procedures, are considered. The first symbol in these names indicates the element level and the second denotes the section level. Furthermore, the symbol N indicates that local nonlinear iteration is performed prior to returning to the higher level, whereas the symbol L indicates that only the linearized equations are satisfied at the corresponding local level. The L–L algorithm corresponds to conventional Newton iteration on both the element and section levels, whereas the N–N algorithm entails the iterative satisfaction of the nonlinear element compatibility and section constitutive equations for each global iteration. The performance of these algorithms is evaluated and compared. It is found that the algorithms in which the local nonlinear strain–displacement compatibility conditions are solved iteratively at the element level for every global iteration lead to fewer global iterations at the expense of iterations at the element level. In particular, the N–N algorithm, is overall the most efficient of the four algorithms for the problems tested. Also, the N–N algorithm has substantially smaller element storage requirements. The N–N algorithm is expected to be particularly advantageous for cases in which a large number of elements remain elastic and inelasticity is concentrated in a few elements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Nonlinear mixed beam finite elements
KW  - Variationally consistent state determination
N1  - Accession Number: 13806206; Nukala, Phani Kumar V.V. 1 White, Donald W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6359, USA  2: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0355, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 193 Issue 33-35, p3647; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear mixed beam finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variationally consistent state determination; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2004.01.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Halpern, M. B.
AU  - Helfgott, C.
T1  - A BASIC CLASS OF TWISTED OPEN WZW STRINGS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/20/
VL  - 19
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 3481
EP  - 3540
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Recently, Giusto and Halpern reported the open-string description of a certain basic class of untwisted open WZW strings, including their associated noncommutative geometry and open-string KZ equations. In this paper, we combine this development with results from the theory of current-algebraic orbifolds to find the open-string description of a corresponding basic class of twisted open WZW strings, which begin and end on different WZW branes. The basic class of twisted open WZW strings is in 1-to-1 correspondence with the twisted sectors of all closed-string WZW orbifolds, and moreover, the basic class can be decomposed into a large collection of open-string WZW orbifolds. At the classical level, these open-string orbifolds exhibit new twisted noncommutative geometries, and we also find the relevant twisted open-string KZ equations which describe these orbifolds at the quantum level. In a related development, we also formulate the closed-string description (in terms of twisted boundary states) of the general twisted open WZW string. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRING models (Physics)
KW  - ORBIFOLDS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - CONFORMAL invariants
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - affine Lie algebra
KW  - affine Lie algebra.
KW  - conformal field theory
KW  - orbifolds
KW  - String theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14282059; Halpern, M. B. 1; Email Address: halpern@physics.berkeley.edu Helfgott, C. 1; Email Address: helfgott@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California and Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; Source Info: 8/20/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 21, p3481; Subject Term: STRING models (Physics); Subject Term: ORBIFOLDS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: CONFORMAL invariants; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: affine Lie algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: affine Lie algebra.; Author-Supplied Keyword: conformal field theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: orbifolds; Author-Supplied Keyword: String theory; Number of Pages: 60p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Rich, P.M.
AU  - Price, K.P.
AU  - Kettle, W.D.
T1  - Relations between NDVI and tree productivity in the central Great Plains.
JO  - International Journal of Remote Sensing
JF  - International Journal of Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/08/20/
VL  - 25
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3127
EP  - 3138
SN  - 01431161
AB  - Remotely sensed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a good measure of photosynthetic activity at landscape scales, and can be used to estimate productivity. Our research demonstrates strong relations between NDVI and ground-based measurements of productivity for forest trees in the central Great Plains. Standardized tree ring width, diameter increase and seed production all are strongly correlated with integrated NDVI of the same growing season. Tree height growth for a given year corresponds with integrated NDVI of the previous year, i.e. a one-year lag. Variation in foliage production, as measured by litterfall, generally corresponds with variation in NDVI, but not as distinctly as do other tree productivity measures. Although foliage production is best correlated with NDVI integrated over the entire growing season, most tree productivity measurements are best correlated with NDVI integrated over the early growing season. All tree productivity measures, except foliage production, are better related to NDVI averaged over an intermediate spatial scale (7×7 pixels, ∼50 km 2 ), rather than just local NDVI (1 pixel, 1.2 km 2 ). Overall, NDVI is an excellent predictor of annual tree productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Artificial satellites in forestry
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Forests & forestry
KW  - Vegetation dynamics
KW  - Vegetation & climate
KW  - Photosynthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 13460896; Wang, J. 1; Email Address: jwang@icfconsulting.com; Rich, P.M. 2; Price, K.P. 3; Kettle, W.D. 4; Affiliations: 1: ICF Consulting, Inc., 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA 22031, USA; 2: GISLab, EES-9, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Department of Geography and Kansas Applied Remote Sensing Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; 4: Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; Issue Info: 8/20/2004, Vol. 25 Issue 16, p3127; Thesaurus Term: Artificial satellites in forestry; Thesaurus Term: Remote sensing; Thesaurus Term: Forests & forestry; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation dynamics; Thesaurus Term: Vegetation & climate; Thesaurus Term: Photosynthesis; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horn, Nancy A.
AU  - Hurst, Gregory B.
AU  - Mayasundari, Anand
AU  - Whittemore, Neil A.
AU  - Serpersu, Engin H.
AU  - Peterson, Cynthia B.
T1  - Assignment of the Four Disulfides in the N-terminal Somatomedin B Domain of Native Vitronectin Isolated from Human Plasma.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/20/
VL  - 279
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 35867
EP  - 35878
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The primary sequence of the N-terminal somatomedin B (SMB) domain of native vitronectin contains 44 amino acids, including a framework of four disulfide bonds formed by 8 closely spaced cysteines in sequence patterns similar to those found in the cystine knot family of proteins. The SMB domain of vitronectin was isolated by digesting the protein with endoproteinase Glu-C and purifying the N-terminal 1–55 peptide by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Through a combination of techniques, including stepwise reduction and alkylation at acidic pH, peptide mapping with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry and NMR, the disulfide bonds contained in the SMB domain have been determined to be Cys5:Cys9, Cys19:Cys31, Cys21:Cys32, and Cys25:Cys39. This pattern of disulfides differs from two other connectivities that have been reported previously for recombinant forms of the SMB domain expressed in Escherichia coli. This arrangement of disulfide bonds in the SMB domain from native vitronectin forms a rigid core around the Cys19: Cys31 and Cys21:Cys32 disulfides. A small positively charged loop is created at the N terminus by the Cys5: Cys9 cystine. The most prominent feature of this disulfide-bonding pattern is a loop between Cys25 and Cys39 similar to cystine-stabilized α-helical structures commonly observed in cystine knots. This α-helix has been confirmed in the solution structure determined for this domain using NMR (Mayasundari, A., Whittemore, N. A., Serpersu, E. H., and Peterson, C. B. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 29359–29366). It confers function on the SMB domain, comprising the site for binding to plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 and the urokinase receptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOMATOMEDIN
KW  - VITRONECTIN
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CELL adhesion molecules
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - PROTEINASES
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
N1  - Accession Number: 14464794; Horn, Nancy A. 1 Hurst, Gregory B. 2 Mayasundari, Anand 1 Whittemore, Neil A. 1 Serpersu, Engin H. 1 Peterson, Cynthia B. 1; Email Address: cynthia_peterson@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology and Center of Excellence in Structural Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 8/20/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 34, p35867; Subject Term: SOMATOMEDIN; Subject Term: VITRONECTIN; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CELL adhesion molecules; Subject Term: BLOOD plasma; Subject Term: PROTEINASES; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M405716200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Effect of the ionic strength of the solution and the nature of its ions on the adsorption mechanism of ionic species in RPLC: III. Equilibrium isotherms and overloaded band profiles on Kromasil-C18
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/08/20/
VL  - 1047
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 48
SN  - 00219673
AB  - In two companion papers, we have described the influence of the concentration and the nature of completely dissociated salts dissolved in the mobile phase (methanol:water, 40:60, v/v) on the adsorption behavior of propranolol (R––R, Cl-) on XTerra-C18 and on Symmetry-C18. The same experiments were repeated on a Kromasil-C18 column to compare the adsorption behavior of this ionic compound on these three different RPLC systems. The adsorption data of propranolol hydrochloride were first measured by frontal analysis (FA) using a mobile phase without salt. These data fit best to the Bi-Moreau model. Large concentration band profiles of propranolol were recorded with mobile phases containing increasing KCl concentrations (0, 0.002, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 M) and the best values of the isotherm coefficients were determined using the numerical solution of the inverse problem of chromatography. The general effect of a dissociated salt in the mobile phase was the same as the one observed earlier with XTerra-C18 and Symmetry-C18. However, obvious differences were observed for the shape of the band profiles recorded at low column loading (1.5 g/L, 250  L injected). A long shoulder is visible at all salt concentrations and the band broadening is maximum at low salt concentrations. A slow mass transfer kinetics on the high-energy sites of the bi-Moreau model might explain this original shape. Five other salts (NaCl, CsCl, KNO3, CaCl2 and Na2SO4) were also used at the same ionic strength ( M). As many different band profiles were observed, suggesting that specific solute–salt interactions take place in the adsorbed phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Analytical chemistry
KW  - Solution (Chemistry)
KW  - Phase partition
KW  - Adsorption equilibrium
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - Ionic strength
KW  - Kromasil-C18
KW  - Moreau isotherm model
KW  - Overloaded band profiles
KW  - Propranolol
N1  - Accession Number: 14103006; Gritti, Fabrice 1; Guiochon, Georges; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Aug2004, Vol. 1047 Issue 1, p33; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Analytical chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Solution (Chemistry); Subject Term: Phase partition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic strength; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kromasil-C18; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moreau isotherm model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overloaded band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propranolol; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.088
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hess, Wayne P.
AU  - Joly, Alan G.
AU  - Beck, Kenneth M.
AU  - Sushko, Peter V.
AU  - Shluger, Alexander L.
T1  - Determination of surface exciton energies by velocity resolved atomic desorption
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/08/20/
VL  - 564
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 62
EP  - 70
SN  - 00396028
AB  - We have developed a new method for determining surface exciton band energies in alkali halides based on velocity-resolved atomic desorption (VRAD). Using this new method, we predict the surface exciton energies for KI, KBr, KCl, and NaCl within ±0.15 eV. Our data, the measured and calculated shifts of the surface exciton energies with respect to the bulk excitons, combined with the available EELS data for alkali fluorides, demonstrate a universal linear correlation with the inverse inter-atomic distance in these materials. The results suggest that surface excitons exist in all alkali halides and their excitation energies can be predicted from the known bulk exciton energies and the obtained correlation plot. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - ALKALI lands
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - FLUORIDES
KW  - Alkali halides
KW  - Atom emission
KW  - Desorption induced by photon stimulation
KW  - Laser methods
KW  - Surface waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14035540; Hess, Wayne P. 1; Email Address: wayne.hess@pnl.gov Joly, Alan G. 1 Beck, Kenneth M. 1 Sushko, Peter V. 2 Shluger, Alexander L. 2; Email Address: a.shluger@ucl.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 564 Issue 1-3, p62; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: ALKALI lands; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: FLUORIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkali halides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atom emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desorption induced by photon stimulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface waves; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.05.092
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fitzsimmons, Michael R.
AU  - Fritzsche, Helmut
AU  - Gierlings, Marita
AU  - Major, Janos
AU  - Pynn, Roger
T1  - Measuring scattering angles with neutron spin echo
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/21/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 15
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report results of experiments designed to test the use of thin magnetic films as elements of a neutron spin echo (NSE) apparatus for determining neutron scattering angles. We show that 10-μm thin films of Permalloy (Ni0.8 Fe0.2) electrodeposited on silicon wafers function well as π/2 spin rotators. 30 μm thick films of the same material used as precession fields in the NSE set-up allow the neutron scattering angle to be determined with a resolution of about 0.05°. We show that, even when the NSE angular resolution is comparable to the angular divergence of neutron beams used in a reflectometry experiment, the use of NSE aids in the separation of specular and diffuse scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NEUTRON spin echoes
KW  - NEUTRON resonance
KW  - MAGNETIC films
KW  - Diffuse scattering
KW  - Larmor precession
KW  - Neutron reflection
KW  - Neutron spin echo
KW  - Surface roughness
N1  - Accession Number: 14103466; Fitzsimmons, Michael R. 1 Fritzsche, Helmut 2 Gierlings, Marita 3 Major, Janos 4 Pynn, Roger 1; Email Address: pynn@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, H805, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ont., Canada K0J 1J0  3: Hahn Meitner Institut, Glienicker Str. 100, D-14109, Berlin, Germany  4: Max-Planck-Institut fur Metallforschung, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 529 Issue 1-3, p10; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON spin echoes; Subject Term: NEUTRON resonance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffuse scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Larmor precession; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron reflection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron spin echo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface roughness; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.149
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Littrell, Kenneth C.
T1  - A comparison of different methods for improving flux and resolution on SANS instruments
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/21/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 27
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is one of the most popular and oversubscribed techniques at every user facility for neutron scattering studies of condensed matter that offers it. The limiting features in SANS experiment design are the length of time required to make a measurement and the minimum momentum transfer <f>Q</f> that can be measured, and the resolution. In the traditional pinhole-camera geometry, these two constraints are inextricably linked, forcing tradeoffs. However, a number of methods have been developed for reducing this linkage, thus allowing higher throughput while retaining high resolution and a low minimum <f>Q</f>. These methods include using multiple confocal pinhole apertures, lenses, and focusing mirrors. We compare and contrast these options and discuss their suitability for use on instruments at pulsed neutron sources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
KW  - Collimation
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Lens
KW  - Mirror
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Resolution
KW  - SANS
N1  - Accession Number: 14103468; Littrell, Kenneth C. 1; Email Address: klittrell@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 360, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 529 Issue 1-3, p22; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collimation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrumentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mirror; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: SANS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.151
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adachi, T.
AU  - Ikeda, K.
AU  - Shinohara, T.
AU  - Hirota, K.
AU  - Oku, T.
AU  - Suzuki, J.
AU  - Sato, H.
AU  - Hoshino, K.
AU  - Guo, J.
AU  - Lin, W.
AU  - Ohmori, H.
AU  - Shimizu, H.M.
AU  - Sakai, K.
AU  - Littrell, K.C.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
T1  - Development of a compound focusing lens: improvement of signal–noise ratio
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/21/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
EP  - 115
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We proposed a method to improve signal–noise ratio of the Fresnel-type neutron lens. The Gd mask of concentric circle thin layer reduced 80% noise, at the best, due to the Fresnel-type lens shape. As the transmission for <f>1.1 nm</f> neutrons decreased from 0.83 to 0.79 by using the Gd mask, the loss was 0.04. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON optics
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Focusing lens
KW  - Neutron optics
KW  - Small-angle scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 14103487; Adachi, T. 1; Email Address: tadachi@riken.go.jp Ikeda, K. 1 Shinohara, T. 1 Hirota, K. 1 Oku, T. 2 Suzuki, J. 2 Sato, H. 1 Hoshino, K. 1 Guo, J. 1 Lin, W. 1 Ohmori, H. 1 Shimizu, H.M. 1,2 Sakai, K. 1,3 Littrell, K.C. 4 Loong, C.-K. 4; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-1098, Japan  2: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  3: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan  4: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 529 Issue 1-3, p112; Subject Term: NEUTRON optics; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Focusing lens; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Small-angle scattering; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.189
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zsigmond, G.
AU  - Lieutenant, K.
AU  - Manoshin, S.
AU  - Bordallo, H.N.
AU  - Champion, J.D.M.
AU  - Peters, J.
AU  - Carpenter, J.M.
AU  - Mezei, F.
T1  - A survey of simulations of complex neutronic systems by VITESS
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/21/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 218
EP  - 222
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Recent developments of the VITESS Monte Carlo software package for simulation of neutron scattering instruments allow for the computation of neutronic systems of very complex geometry. For example, the module ‘supermirror ensemble’ simulates a number of supermirror plane sections in any geometry, including spin dependent reflectivity and absorption. This module was intensively used in the optimisation of the bi-spectral extraction system for the new guide hall of BENSC at HMI. It was also used for simulations of beam splitter polarizing cavities at BENSC. Another example is the module ‘Fermi chopper’ which simulates real three-dimensional slit packages with no analytic approximations. It will also be shown that this latter module has been very successfully bench-marked with HET/ISIS experimental data and is consistent with analytic theory. Finally, we will present a sophisticated Monte Carlo simulation study of a time-focused pulsed source crystal analyzer spectrometer prototype, which is planned to be realized in a test at IPNS. A short account will be given of this example illustrating the high performance of the VITESS simulation package. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - NUCLEON-nucleon scattering
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Crystal analyzer spectrometer
KW  - Fermi chopper
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
KW  - Neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 14103510; Zsigmond, G. 1; Email Address: zsigmond@hmi.de Lieutenant, K. 1 Manoshin, S. 1 Bordallo, H.N. 1 Champion, J.D.M. 2 Peters, J. 1 Carpenter, J.M. 3 Mezei, F. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin, Glienicker Strasse 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  2: ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX, UK  3: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA  4: LANSCE, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 529 Issue 1-3, p218; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: NUCLEON-nucleon scattering; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal analyzer spectrometer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi chopper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.205
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crow, M.L.
AU  - Hodges, J.P.
AU  - Cooper, R.G.
T1  - Shifting scintillator prototype large pixel wavelength-shifting fiber detector for the POWGEN3 powder diffractometer
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/21/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 292
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A prototype neutron scintillation detector has been developed, specifically aimed at the needs of the powder diffractometer POWGEN3 at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This instrument requires a detector array with large (6 mm×40 mm) pixels and an area of several square meters. The prototype uses a two-dimensional grid of wavelength shifting fibers, with the fiber axes parallel to the scintillator screen, to collect the scintillation photons. The fiber ends for each pixel go to a specific set of four photomultiplier tubes, so that the position of each event can be determined by a 4-tube 2Cn×2Cn coded coincidence. The observed maximum light yield with a 6LiF/ZnS:Ag neutron scintillation screen, summed over four tubes, is greater than 200 photons/neutron. This is about 0.13% of the ∼150,000 photons/neutron produced in the scintillator. The light yield is sufficient to allow pulse discrimination between neutron signals and gamma-ray background. Further light collection gains should be achievable using double-clad fiber and green-enhanced photomultiplier tubes. Currently, the shape, structure, and specific composition of the scintillator are being investigated, on the assumption that 6LiF/ZnS:Ag will be the chosen scintillator material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - Neutron detector
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Thermal-neutron scintillator
N1  - Accession Number: 14103522; Crow, M.L.; Email Address: crowmljr@ornl.gov Hodges, J.P. 1 Cooper, R.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 529 Issue 1-3, p287; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal-neutron scintillator; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.167
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakai, K.
AU  - Hirota, K.
AU  - Adachi, T.
AU  - Ikeda, K.
AU  - Morishima, T.
AU  - Shimizu, H.M.
AU  - Furusaka, M.
AU  - Sato, S.
AU  - Kiyanagi, Y.
AU  - Sakamoto, N.
AU  - Sakuma, T.
AU  - Oku, T.
AU  - Suzuki, J.
AU  - Littrell, K.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
AU  - Czirr, J.B.
AU  - McKnight, T.K.
T1  - Development of position-sensitive neutron detector based on scintillator
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/21/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 301
EP  - 306
SN  - 01689002
AB  - For evaluating neutron optical devices, we have developed the two-dimensional position-sensitive neutron detectors (PSND) of the crossing fibre array type. In parallel, we have studied the PSNDs of the direct coupling type with flat panel photomultiplier tubes for responding to various spatial resolutions with high detection efficiency. This paper views and reports on the recent status of development of PSNDs based on neutron scintillators in neutron optics group. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - NEUTRON optical devices
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - Anger camera
KW  - Position sensitive neutron detector
KW  - UCN
KW  - WLS crossing fibers
N1  - Accession Number: 14103524; Sakai, K. 1,2; Email Address: sakai@yap.nucl.ap.titech.ac.jp Hirota, K. 2 Adachi, T. 2 Ikeda, K. 2 Morishima, T. 2 Shimizu, H.M. 2 Furusaka, M. 3 Sato, S. 3 Kiyanagi, Y. 4 Sakamoto, N. 4 Sakuma, T. 4 Oku, T. 5 Suzuki, J. 5 Littrell, K. 6 Loong, C.-K. 6 Czirr, J.B. 7 McKnight, T.K. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152- 8551, Japan  2: RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  3: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan  4: Hokkaido University, Kita 8, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan  5: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 2-4 Shirakatashirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  6: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA  7: Photogenics Inc., 515 East 1860 South, Provo, UT 84606, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 529 Issue 1-3, p301; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: NEUTRON optical devices; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anger camera; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position sensitive neutron detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: UCN; Author-Supplied Keyword: WLS crossing fibers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.170
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14103524&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, R.G.
T1  - SNS detector plans
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/08/21/
VL  - 529
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 394
EP  - 398
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge, TN, USA is scheduled to begin operation in April 2006. As of October 2003, seventeen neutron scattering instruments have been approved for development. Unfortunately the detector requirements for many of these instruments exceed the capabilities of the systems that are available today. While improved detectors would significantly enhance the scientific capabilities of the facility, detector decisions have been made based on the current best option. This paper will present the detector requirements of the instruments, list the detector selections for initial operation, and review the deficiencies of these selections. The need for new detectors is significant and the SNS staff strongly endorses detector research that will eliminate these deficiencies. New detectors will not only improve the quality of the science being done at neutron scattering facilities, they will also open new areas of research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - Spallation Neutron Source
KW  - Thermal neutron detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 14103544; Cooper, R.G. 1; Email Address: cooperrg@sns.gov; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 701 Scarboro Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 529 Issue 1-3, p394; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation Neutron Source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal neutron detectors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14103544&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, K.
AU  - Lawson, A.C.
AU  - Woods, J.T.
AU  - Embury, J.D.
AU  - Von Dreele, R.B.
AU  - J.W.Richardson Jr.
T1  - Internal stresses in cold-deformed Cu-Ag and Cu-Nb wires.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/08/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 2579
EP  - 2593
SN  - 14786435
AB  - The co-deformation of Cu-Ag or Cu-Nb composite wires used for high-field magnets has a number of important microstructural consequences, including the production of very-fine-scale structures, the development of very high internal surface-area-to-volume ratios during the drawing, and the storage of defects at interphase interfaces. In addition, the fabrication and co-deformation of the Cu and Ag or Nb, which differ in crystal structure, thermal expansion elastic modulus and lattice parameter, lead to the development of short-wavelength internal stressed in both composites. In this paper, these internal stresses are characterized by neutron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy as a function of the imposed drawing strain. The internal stresses lead to important changes in the elastic plastic responses, which is related to both magnet design and service life. The second derivative δ²σ/δ²ε of the stresses with respect to strain is used to describe the low-strain an elasticity of the composites. The internal stresses in Cu-Nb are higher than in Cu-Ag and consequently, the absolute values of (δ²σ/δ²ε)Cu-Nb are higher than those of (δ²σ/δ²ε)Cu-Nb at low strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER alloys
KW  - SILVER alloys
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14299787; Han, K. 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu Lawson, A.C. 2 Woods, J.T. 3 Embury, J.D. 2 Von Dreele, R.B. 3 J.W.Richardson Jr. 4; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310,  USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  3: University of Western  Ontario, London, Ontario L4W 1B9, Canada  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; Source Info: 8/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 24, p2579; Subject Term: COPPER alloys; Subject Term: SILVER alloys; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bragg, Arthur E.
AU  - Verlet, Jan R. R.
AU  - Kammrath, Aster
AU  - Neumark, Daniel M.
T1  - C6- electronic relaxation dynamics probed via time-resolved photoelectron imaging.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3515
EP  - 3526
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Anion time-resolved photoelectron imaging has been used to investigate the electronic relaxation dynamics of C6- following excitation of the C 2Πg←X 2Πu and 2 2Πg←X 2Πu 000 transitions at 607 and 498 nm, respectively. Analysis of evolving photodetachment energy distributions reveals differing relaxation pathways from these prepared states. Specifically, the C 2Πg 00 level relaxes on a time scale of 620±30 fs to vibrationally hot (∼2.0 eV) anion ground state both directly and indirectly through vibrationally excited levels of the intermediate-lying à 2Σg+ state that decay with a time scale of 2300±200 fs. In contrast, the 2 2Πg 00 level relaxes much more quickly (<100 fs) to vibrationally hot (∼2.5 eV) anion ground state directly and with transient population accumulation in the à 2Σg+, B 2Σu+, and C 2Πg electronic levels, as determined by spectral and time-scale analyses. This work also presents the experimental observation of the optically inaccessible B 2Σu+ state, which is found to have an electronic term value of 1.41±0.05 eV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - RELAXATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 14085119; Bragg, Arthur E. 1,2 Verlet, Jan R. R. 1,2 Kammrath, Aster 1,2 Neumark, Daniel M. 1,2; Email Address: dan@radon.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 8/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 8, p3515; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: RELAXATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1769368
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrik, Nikolay G.
AU  - Kimmel, Greg A.
T1  - Electron-stimulated production of molecular hydrogen at the interfaces of amorphous solid water films on Pt(111).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3736
EP  - 3744
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The electron-stimulated production of molecular hydrogen (D2, HD, and H2) from amorphous solid water (ASW) deposited on Pt(111) is investigated. Experiments with isotopically layered films of H2O and D2O are used to profile the spatial distribution of the electron-stimulated reactions leading to hydrogen within the water films. The molecular hydrogen yield has two components that have distinct reaction kinetics due to reactions that occur at the ASW/Pt interface and the ASW/vacuum interface, but not in the bulk. However, the molecular hydrogen yield as a function of the ASW film thickness in both pure and isotopically layered films indicates that the energy for the reactions is absorbed in the bulk of the films and electronic excitations migrate to the interfaces where they drive the reactions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14085094; Petrik, Nikolay G. 1 Kimmel, Greg A. 1; Email Address: gregory.kimmel@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 8/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 8, p3736; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1773152
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rathgeber, Silke
AU  - Pakula, Tadeusz
AU  - Urban, Volker
T1  - Structure of star-burst dendrimers: A comparison between small angle x-ray scattering and computer simulation results.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 3840
EP  - 3853
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We investigated the generation dependent shape and internal structure of star-burst dendrimers under good solvent conditions using small angle x-ray scattering and molecular modeling. Measurements have been performed on poly(amidoamine) dendrimers with generations ranging from g=0 up to g=8 at low concentrations in methanol. We described the static form factor P(q) by a model taking into account the compact, globular shape as well as the loose, polymeric character of dendrimers. Monomer distributions within dendrimers are of special interest for potential applications and have been characterized by the pair correlation function γ(r), as well as by the monomer and end-group density profile, ρ(r) and ρe(r), respectively. Monomer density profiles and γ(r) can be derived from P(q) by modeling and via a model independent approach using the inverse Fourier transformation algorithm first introduced by Glatter. Experimental results are compared with computer simulations performed for single dendrimers of various generations using the cooperative motion algorithm. The simulation gives direct access to γ(r) and ρ(r), allows an independent determination of P(q), and yields in addition to the scattering experiment information about the distribution of the end groups. Excellent qualitative agreement between experiment and simulation has been found. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENDRIMERS
KW  - SHAPES
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FORM factor (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FOURIER analysis
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 14085082; Rathgeber, Silke 1; Email Address: s.ratherber@fz.juelich.de Pakula, Tadeusz 2,3; Email Address: pakula@mpip-mainz.mpg.de Urban, Volker 4; Affiliation:  1: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Soft Matter Department, 52425 Jülich, Germany.  2: Max-Plank-Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany.  3: Department of Molecular Physics, Polytechnic of Lodz, Poland.  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831.; Source Info: 8/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 8, p3840; Subject Term: DENDRIMERS; Subject Term: SHAPES; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FORM factor (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FOURIER analysis; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1768516
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong-Ng, W.
AU  - Cook, L.P.
AU  - Levin, I.
AU  - Suh, J.
AU  - Feenstra, R.
AU  - Haugan, T.
AU  - Barnes, P.
T1  - Phase equilibria of Ba–R–Cu–O for coated conductor applications (R = lanthanides and Y)
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 22
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Phase diagrams of the Ba2RCu3O6+x(R = Nd, Sm, Gd, Y, and Er) superconductors, prepared under 100 Pa O2 at 810 °C, reflect the trend of the lanthanide contraction. The single-phase regions of Ba2-x(Nd1+x-yR′y)Cu3O6+z for R′ = Gd, Y and Yb, and of Ba2-x(R1+x-yYy)Cu3O6+z for R = Eu and Gd were determined. Using these data, both flux-pinning and melting properties can be tailored and optimized. The presence of a low temperature melt during formation of the Ba2YCu3O6+x phase from barium fluoride amorphous precursor films is deemed important for producing quality tapes, and hence for rapid advancement of second-generation RABiTS/IBAD coated conductor technology. Our search for low melting liquid has focused on compositional vectors within the Ba, Y, CuǁO, F reciprocal system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - Ba
KW  - Ba2RCu3O6+x
KW  - BaF2 process
KW  - CuǁO
KW  - F reciproal system
KW  - Phase diagrams
KW  - Y
N1  - Accession Number: 14416161; Wong-Ng, W. 1; Email Address: winnie.wong-ng@nist.gov Cook, L.P. 1 Levin, I. 1 Suh, J. 1 Feenstra, R. 2 Haugan, T. 3 Barnes, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Ceramics Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Building, Rm A-207, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  2: Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37922, USA  3: Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p20; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ba; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ba2RCu3O6+x; Author-Supplied Keyword: BaF2 process; Author-Supplied Keyword: CuǁO; Author-Supplied Keyword: F reciproal system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase diagrams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Y; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.02.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jensen, A.
AU  - Nørgaard Toft, K.
AU  - Abrahamsen, A.B.
AU  - Andersen, N.H.
AU  - Jensen, J.
AU  - Hedegård, P.
AU  - Klenke, J.
AU  - Prokes, K.
AU  - Smeibidl, P.
AU  - Danilkin, S.
AU  - Sikolenko, V.
AU  - Eskildsen, M.R.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Magnetic phase diagram of ErNi2B2C
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 99
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The magnetic phase diagram of the superconductor ErNi2B2C (<f>Tc=11</f> K and <f>TN=6</f> K) has been studied by neutron diffraction as a function of temperature and magnetic field applied along the symmetry directions [0 1 0], [1 1 0] and [0 0 1] of the tetragonal crystal structure. A series of commensurate magnetic structures, consistent with a transversely polarized spin–density wave with modulation vectors <f>Q=n/ma*(0.55⩽n/m<0.60)</f> and the spins along <f>b*</f>, have been observed. The experimental data are compared with the results of a mean-field model that has been established from an analysis of bulk magnetization and zero-field neutron diffraction data. The model accounts for most of the observed features but fails to explain the occurrence of a small component <f>Qδ≈-0.005b*</f> observed close to <f>Hc2</f> when the field is applied along [1 1 0]. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - BOROCARBIDE superconductors
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Borocarbides
KW  - Magnetic phases
KW  - Mean-field model
KW  - Neutron diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14416195; Jensen, A. 1,2 Nørgaard Toft, K. 1 Abrahamsen, A.B. 1 Andersen, N.H. 1; Email Address: niels.hessel@risoe.dk Jensen, J. 2 Hedegård, P. 2 Klenke, J. 3 Prokes, K. 3 Smeibidl, P. 3 Danilkin, S. 3 Sikolenko, V. 3 Eskildsen, M.R. 4 Canfield, P.C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Materials Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark  2: Ørsted Laboratory, Niels Bohr Institute fAPG, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark  3: Berlin Neutron Scattering Centre, Hahn–Meitner Insitute, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  4: DPMC, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Answermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland  5: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p97; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: BOROCARBIDE superconductors; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Borocarbides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mean-field model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.02.169
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lorenz, B.
AU  - Cmaidalka, J.
AU  - Meng, R.L.
AU  - Xue, Y.Y.
AU  - Chu, C.W.
T1  - Thermodynamic and superconducting properties of the C32 intermetallic compounds CaAlSi and SrAlSi
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 172
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We investigate the thermodynamic and superconducting properties of the intermetallic C32 compounds CaAlSi and SrAlSi. The heat capacity of SrAlSi follows the BCS-theory for weak coupling, but the data for CaAlSi indicate an enhanced coupling strength in the latter compound. The characteristic parameters of the normal and superconducting states are evaluated. The effect of high pressure on <f>Tc</f> is positive in CaAlSi but negative in SrAlSi. The opposite signs of the pressure coefficients of <f>Tc</f> indicate distinct differences in the electronic structure at the Fermi energy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - CaAlSi
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Pressure effect
KW  - SrAlSi
N1  - Accession Number: 14416227; Lorenz, B. 1; Email Address: blorenz@uh.edu Cmaidalka, J. 1 Meng, R.L. 1 Xue, Y.Y. 1 Chu, C.W. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and TCSAM, University of Houston, 3201 Cullen Blvd., Houston, TX 77204-5002, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p171; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CaAlSi; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: SrAlSi; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.02.066
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balatsky, A.V.
AU  - Abanov, Ar.
AU  - Zhu, Jian-Xin
T1  - Inelastic tunneling spectroscopy in a d-wave superconductor
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 246
EP  - 247
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We propose a mechanism to use inelastic tunneling spectroscopy STM to detect a single spin in a d-wave superconductor, based on a direct exchange coupling <f>J</f> between the surface electrons and the local spin <f>S</f> in a magnetic field. This coupling will produce a kink in <f>dI/dV</f> characteristics at Zeeman energy of the spin <f>ω0</f>. We find that for relevant values of parameters the signal scales as <f>dI2/dV2≃(JN0)2Θ(eV-ω0)</f> and could be in the range of 10-2 of the bare density of states where <f>N0</f> is the density of states for surface electrons. Scattering in superconductor with the coherence peak at gap maximum <f>Δ</f> leads also to strong features at <f>Δ+ω0</f>. This suggests a new technique for a detection of a local spin excitation with STM. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNNELING spectroscopy
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - d-wave superconductor
KW  - Inelastic tunneling spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14416264; Balatsky, A.V.; Email Address: avb@lanl.gov Abanov, Ar. 1 Zhu, Jian-Xin 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p246; Subject Term: TUNNELING spectroscopy; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: d-wave superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inelastic tunneling spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.02.134
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Golubov, A.A.
AU  - Koshelev, A.E.
T1  - Mixed state in dirty two-band superconductors: application to MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 338
EP  - 340
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We investigate a two-band superconductor with strong intraband and weak interband electronic scattering rates in the framework of coupled Usadel equations. We calculate the upper critical field for different field orientation. Due to a very large difference between the <f>c</f>-axis coherence lengths in two-bands, the GL theory is applicable only in the extremely narrow temperature range. This leads to the strong temperature dependence of the <f>Hc2</f> anisotropy and large deviations of the angular dependence of <f>Hc2</f> from a simple effective-mass law. In the case of field along <f>c</f>-direction we solved coupled nonlinear Usadel equations numerically to find field evolution of the pair potentials and local densities of states for two-bands. The existence of two distinct length and field scales corresponding to different bands is demonstrated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - COHERENT states
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Mixed state
KW  - Two-band superconductors
KW  - Upper critical field
N1  - Accession Number: 14416306; Golubov, A.A. 1; Email Address: a.golubov@tn.utwente.nl Koshelev, A.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p338; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: COHERENT states; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixed state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-band superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Upper critical field; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.02.150
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tranquada, J.M.
T1  - Metallic charge stripes in cuprates
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 426
EP  - 429
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Some recent evidence for the existence of dynamic, metallic stripes in the 214 family of cuprates is reviewed. The mechanism of stripe pinning is considered, and changes in the charge density within stripes between the pinned and dynamic phases is discussed. From a purely experimental perspective, dynamic charge stripes are fully compatible with nodal “quasiparticles” and other electronic properties common to all superconducting cuprates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - 214 cuprates
KW  - 75.30.Fv
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Stripes
N1  - Accession Number: 14416345; Tranquada, J.M. 1; Email Address: jtran@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 510-B, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p426; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 214 cuprates; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.30.Fv; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripes; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujita, M.
AU  - Goka, H.
AU  - Tranquada, J.M.
AU  - Yamada, K.
T1  - Stripe correlations in La1.875Ba0.125CuO4
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
EP  - 452
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We have performed neutron scattering measurements on the single crystal of La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 in order to study the melting sequence of stripe correlations. Low-energy incommensurate spin fluctuations clearly are observed around (<f>π,π</f>) at low temperatures and remain even above the stripe ordering temperature of 50 K. However, the peak intensity dramatically degrades toward the structural transition temperature between low-temperature tetragonal and low-temperature orthorhombic phases, <f>Td2</f>, of 60 K. No well-defined signal was observed above <f>Td2</f>. These results suggest that the charge fluctuations, which are closely related with the crystal structure, modify the magnetic correlations as expected from the stripe model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - 75.40.Gb
KW  - La1.875Ba0.125CuO4
KW  - Magnetic fluctuations
KW  - Neutron scattering
KW  - Stripe correlations
N1  - Accession Number: 14416355; Fujita, M. 1; Email Address: fujita@imr.deu Goka, H. 1 Tranquada, J.M. 2 Yamada, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji 610-0011, Japan  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p451; Subject Term: PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.40.Gb; Author-Supplied Keyword: La1.875Ba0.125CuO4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripe correlations; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koshelev, A.E.
T1  - Exotic vortex states in layered superconductors created by tilted magnetic field: Josephson vortices, solitons, vortex chains…
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 470
EP  - 473
SN  - 09214534
AB  - In very anisotropic layered superconductors tilted magnetic field generates two interpenetrating vortex sublattices. This set of crossing lattices contains a sublattice of Josephson vortices (JVs) and a sublattice of pancake vortex (PV) stacks. The PV sublattice modifies structure of an isolated JV. The JV phase field is composed of the regular and vortex phases. The contribution from the vortex phase smoothly takes over with increase of the magnetic field. The core structure experiences qualitative evolution with anisotropy decrease. At large anisotropies JV weakly distorts PV crystal and the JV core contains many PV rows. At smaller anisotropies the JV core shrinks to one PV row and PV stacks in this central row form a soliton-like structure. At very small <f>c</f>-axis field (⪝1 G) the PV stacks form chains located at JVs. At certain field the crossing-lattices chains transform into the tilted-vortices chains. We present a simple criterion for this transition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - JOSEPHSON effect
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - Josephson vortices
KW  - Layered superconductors
KW  - Pancake vortices
KW  - Vortex lattices
N1  - Accession Number: 14416363; Koshelev, A.E. 1; Email Address: koshelev@msd.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p470; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: JOSEPHSON effect; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Josephson vortices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pancake vortices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex lattices; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.180
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Altshuler, E.
AU  - Johansen, T.H.
AU  - Paltiel, Y.
AU  - Jin, P.
AU  - Bassler, K.E.
AU  - Ramos, O.
AU  - Reiter, G.F.
AU  - Zeldov, E.
AU  - Chu, C.W.
T1  - Experiments in superconducting vortex avalanches
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 501
EP  - 504
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We detect vortex avalanches in superconducting Nb when an external field is slowly ramped up. Through the combination of micro-Hall probe magnetometry and Magneto-optical imaging, we are able to visualize the magnetic field “landscape” where the “local” vortex avalanches take place. We measure the avalanche size statistics at several locations in the magnetic landscape, comprising a number of events orders of magnitude larger than previously reported. The distributions of avalanche sizes show a nearly power-law character, and their details are strikingly independent from the specific features of the “magnetic landscape” where they take place. Some experiments in order to find spatial-temporal correlations between avalanches are also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Avalanches
KW  - Critical state
KW  - Self-organized criticality
KW  - Vortex dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14416375; Altshuler, E. 1,2; Email Address: jea@infomed.sld.cu Johansen, T.H. 2,3 Paltiel, Y. 4 Jin, P. 2 Bassler, K.E. 5 Ramos, O. 1 Reiter, G.F. 5 Zeldov, E. 4 Chu, C.W. 2,6,7; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Laboratory, IMRE, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, 10400 Havana, Cuba  2: Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77202-5002, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Oslo, POB Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway  4: Condensed Matter Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610, Israel  5: Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5005, USA  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  7: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p501; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Avalanches; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-organized criticality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex dynamics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.191
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoĺanová, Z.
AU  - Szabó, P.
AU  - Kačmarčik, J.
AU  - Samuely, P.
AU  - Ribeiro, R.A.
AU  - Bud'ko, S.L.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Energy gaps in carbon-substituted MgB2
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 610
EP  - 611
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The point-contact spectroscopy studies on the superconducting energy gap of the nearly single-phase carbon-substituted MgB2 are presented. Despite the strong suppression of the transition temperature by 17 K in comparison with the pure MgB2 a small superconducting energy gap with <f>2Δ/kTc∼1.7</f> closing at the bulk <f>Tc=22</f> K has been systematically observed. Measurements in magnetic fields also indicate the presence of a large gap in the spectrum. Thus, the two-band/two-gap superconductivity is still preserved here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MgB2
KW  - Point-contact spectroscopy
KW  - Two-band superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 14416428; Hoĺanová, Z. 1 Szabó, P. 1 Kačmarčik, J. 1 Samuely, P. 1; Email Address: samuely@saske.sk Ribeiro, R.A. 2 Bud'ko, S.L. 2 Canfield, P.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Centre of Low Temperature Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, SAS & FS UPJŠ, Watsonova 47, 043 53 Košice, Slovakia  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p610; Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: MgB2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Point-contact spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-band superconductivity; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helm, Ch.
AU  - Bulaevskii, L.N.
AU  - Ryndyk, D.A.
AU  - Keller, J.
AU  - Rother, S.
AU  - Koval, Y.
AU  - Müller, P.
AU  - Kleiner, R.
T1  - Electronic compressibility and charge imbalance relaxation in cuprate superconductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 612
EP  - 613
SN  - 09214534
AB  - In the material SmLa1-xSrxCuO<f>4-δ</f> with alternating intrinsic Josephson junctions we explain theoretically the relative amplitude of the two plasma peaks in transmission by taking into account the spatial dispersion of the Josephson Plasma Resonance in <f>c</f>-direction due to charge coupling. From this and the magnetic field dependence of the plasma peaks in the vortex solid and liquid states it is shown that the electronic compressibility of the CuO2 layers is consistent with a free electron value. Also the London penetration depth <f>λab≈1100</f> Å near <f>Tc</f> can be determined. The voltage response in the <f>IV</f>-curve of a Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 mesa due to microwave irradiation or current injection in a second mesa is related to the nonequilibrium charge imbalance of quasiparticles and Cooper pairs and from our experimental data the relaxation time ∼100 ps is obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - 74.72.-h
KW  - Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8
KW  - Charge imbalance
KW  - Intrinsic Josephson effect
KW  - Optical spectroscopy
KW  - SmLa1-xSrxCuO<f>4 - δ</f>
KW  - Transport
N1  - Accession Number: 14416429; Helm, Ch. 1; Email Address: helm@phys.ethz.ch Bulaevskii, L.N. 2 Ryndyk, D.A. 3 Keller, J. 4 Rother, S. 4 Koval, Y. 4 Müller, P. 4 Kleiner, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik, ETH Hönggerberg, HPZ G8.0, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany  4: Physikalisches Institut III, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany  5: Physikalisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p612; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74.72.-h; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge imbalance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intrinsic Josephson effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: SmLa1-xSrxCuO<f>4 - δ</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gedik, N.
AU  - Orenstein, J.
AU  - Liang, Ruixing
AU  - Bonn, D.A.
AU  - Hardy, W.
T1  - Non-equilibrium quasiparticle dynamics in single crystals of YBCO ortho II
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 690
EP  - 691
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We report measurements of the photoinduced change in reflectivity of untwinned single crystals of YBa2Cu3O6.5. The decay rate of the transient change in reflectivity was found to depend on the laser intensity and temperature strongly. By studying the intensity dependence at low temperatures we obtained the quasiparticle scattering coefficient from which we estimate the electron–phonon coupling constant. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - Ortho II
KW  - Pump probe spectroscopy
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 14416468; Gedik, N. 1; Email Address: gedik@socrates.berkeley.edu Orenstein, J. 1 Liang, Ruixing 2 Bonn, D.A. 2 Hardy, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 2-300, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Physics Department, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p690; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ortho II; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pump probe spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.113
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paglione, Johnpierre
AU  - Tanatar, M.A.
AU  - Hawthorn, D.G.
AU  - Boaknin, Etienne
AU  - Hill, R.W.
AU  - Ronning, F.
AU  - Sutherland, M.
AU  - Taillefer, Louis
AU  - Petrovic, C.
AU  - Canfield, P.C.
T1  - Field-induced quantum critical point in CeCoIn5
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 705
EP  - 706
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The resistivity of CeCoIn5 was measured down to 20 mK in magnetic fields of up to 16 T. With increasing field, we observe a suppression of the non-Fermi liquid behavior, <f>ρ∼T</f>, and the development of a Fermi liquid state, with its characteristic <f>ρ=ρ0+AT2</f> dependence. The field dependence of the <f>T2</f> coefficient shows critical behavior with an exponent of ∼4/3. This is evidence for a new field-induced quantum critical point, occurring in this case at a critical field which coincides with the superconducting upper critical field <f>Hc2</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FERMI liquids
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - Heavy-fermion superconductor
KW  - Non-Fermi liquid behavior
KW  - Quantum critical point
N1  - Accession Number: 14416477; Paglione, Johnpierre 1; Email Address: paglione@physics.utoronto.ca Tanatar, M.A. 1 Hawthorn, D.G. 1 Boaknin, Etienne 1 Hill, R.W. 1 Ronning, F. 1 Sutherland, M. 1 Taillefer, Louis 1; Email Address: louis.taillefer@physique.usherb.ca Petrovic, C. 2 Canfield, P.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A7  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p705; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FERMI liquids; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy-fermion superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-Fermi liquid behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum critical point; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.120
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, L.H.
AU  - Hentges, P.J.
AU  - Aubin, H.
AU  - Aprili, M.
AU  - Badica, E.
AU  - Covington, M.
AU  - Pafford, M.M.
AU  - Westwood, G.
AU  - Klemperer, W.G.
AU  - Jian, Sha
AU  - Hinks, D.G.
T1  - Detection and control of broken symmetries with Andreev bound state tunneling spectroscopy: effects of atomic-scale disorder
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 804
EP  - 806
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Quasiparticle planar tunneling spectroscopy is used to study unconventional superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (BSCCO) single crystals. Tunneling conductances are obtained as a function of crystallographic orientation, applied magnetic field (magnitude and orientation), atomic substitution and surface damage. Our systematic studies confirm that the observed zero-bias conductance peak (ZBCP), a measure of the near-surface quasiparticle (QP) density of states (DoS), is comprised of Andreev bound states (ABS) resulting directly from the sign change of the d-wave order parameter (OP) at the Fermi surface. Our data, plus a literature search, reveals a consistency in the observation of the splitting of the ZBCP in optimally-doped materials. We note that the splitting of the ZBCP observed in applied field, and the spontaneous splitting observed at lower temperatures in zero field, occur concomitantly in a given junction, and that observation of this splitting is dependent upon two parameters: (1) the magnitude of the tunneling cone and (2) the degree of atomic-scale disorder at the interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BOUND states (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - TUNNELING spectroscopy
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Andreev bound states
KW  - Broken time-reversal symmetry
KW  - High-temperature superconductivity
KW  - Planar tunneling spectroscopy
KW  - Unconventional superconducivity
N1  - Accession Number: 14416517; Greene, L.H. 1; Email Address: lhg@uiuc.edu Hentges, P.J. 1 Aubin, H. 1 Aprili, M. 1 Badica, E. 1 Covington, M. 1 Pafford, M.M. 2 Westwood, G. 2 Klemperer, W.G. 2 Jian, Sha 3 Hinks, D.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p804; Subject Term: BOUND states (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: TUNNELING spectroscopy; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Andreev bound states; Author-Supplied Keyword: Broken time-reversal symmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Planar tunneling spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unconventional superconducivity; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.138
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagao, Masanori
AU  - Sato, Mitsunori
AU  - Maeda, Hiroshi
AU  - Yun, Kyung Sung
AU  - Takano, Yoshihiko
AU  - Hatano, Takeshi
AU  - Kim, Sang Jae
T1  - Growth and superconducting properties of Y-123 phase single-crystal whiskers using Te and Ca doped precursors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 857
EP  - 859
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Single-crystal whiskers of YBa2Cu3Ox (Y-123) phase with a length of about 2.5 mm were grown from sintered precursor powders with a nominal composition of Y1Ba2Cu3Te0.5Ca1.0Ox. EPMA analyses showed that the whiskers contain Ca but no Te with a composition of (Y0.86Ca0.14)Ba2Cu3Ox in which 14% Y is substituted by Ca. The whiskers show a critical temperature <f>Tc</f> of about 83 K and a critical current density, <f>Jc</f> of 4.4 × 104 A/cm2 at 82 K and self field along the <f>c</f>-axis. The whiskers exhibit interesting intrinsic Josephson effects along the <f>c</f>-axis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL whiskers
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - Substituted Ca
KW  - Te and Ca doped precursor
KW  - Whisker
KW  - Y-123
N1  - Accession Number: 14416542; Nagao, Masanori 1,2; Email Address: isotope@mx4.et.tiki.ne.jp Sato, Mitsunori 2 Maeda, Hiroshi 3 Yun, Kyung Sung 1 Takano, Yoshihiko 1 Hatano, Takeshi 1 Kim, Sang Jae 4; Affiliation:  1: National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047 Japan  2: Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami 090-8507, Japan  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  4: School of Mechanical Engineering, Cheju National University, 1 Ara 1-dong, Jeju, Jeju-do 690-756, South Korea; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p857; Subject Term: CRYSTAL whiskers; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FIBERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Substituted Ca; Author-Supplied Keyword: Te and Ca doped precursor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Whisker; Author-Supplied Keyword: Y-123; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.220
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palau, A.
AU  - Puig, T.
AU  - Obradors, X.
AU  - Usoskin, A.
AU  - Freyhardt, H.
AU  - Fernández, L.
AU  - Holzapfel, B.
AU  - Feenstra, R.
AU  - Sánchez, A.
AU  - Pardo, E.
T1  - Magnetic granularity analysis of YBCO coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 408-410
M3  - Article
SP  - 866
EP  - 868
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present an inductive analysis of a variety of YBCO coated conductors, based on complementary measurements of a.c.-susceptibility and d.c.-magnetization. The study addresses dissipation mechanisms associated with the grain boundary networks. We show that a.c.-susceptibility measurements are uniquely qualified to identify dissipative contributions from microstructurally inhomogeneous grain boundary networks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Coated conductors
KW  - Electromagnetic granularity
KW  - Inductive measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 14416546; Palau, A. 1; Email Address: palau@icmab.es Puig, T. 1; Email Address: teresa.puig@icmab.es Obradors, X. 1 Usoskin, A. 2 Freyhardt, H. 2 Fernández, L. 3 Holzapfel, B. 3 Feenstra, R. 4 Sánchez, A. 5 Pardo, E. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain  2: Zentrum fur FunktionWekstoffe, 37073 Göttingen, Germany  3: IFW Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6057 USA  5: Grup d'Electromagnetisme, UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 408-410, p866; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated conductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic granularity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inductive measurements; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.03.224
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Idemoto, Yasushi
AU  - Matsuzawa, Mitsuru
AU  - Koura, Nobuyuki
AU  - Takeuchi, Ken
AU  - Richardson Jr., James W.
AU  - Loong, Chun-K.
T1  - Effects of excess oxygen content on the hole-carrying CuO2-layers in Tl2(Ba1-xSrx)2Ca2Cu3Oy superconducting oxides
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/08/22/
VL  - 131
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 513
EP  - 517
SN  - 00381098
AB  - The effects of oxygen doping on the hole-carrying CuO2-layers in Tl2(Ba1-xSrx)2Ca2Cu3Oy were studied by combined chemical and valence analysis, <f>Tc</f> measurements and neutron diffraction. The highest <f>Tc</f> is characterized by an optimal excess oxygen content, <f>Δy,</f> dichotomizing the under- and over-doped regions for each Sr concentration. While the average Tl valence is close to 3.0 and independent of <f>Δy,</f> the average Cu valence shows a linear dependence with <f>Δy.</f> An increase of the flatness of the CuO2 plane, characterized by the O(2)–Cu(2)–O(2) bond angle of ∼176°, was observed at the optimal <f>Δy.</f> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - A. High-<f>Tc</f> superconductors
KW  - C. Crystal structure and symmetry
KW  - D. Valence
KW  - E. Neutron diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14109259; Idemoto, Yasushi 1; Email Address: idemoto@rs.noda.tus.ac.jp Matsuzawa, Mitsuru 1 Koura, Nobuyuki 1 Takeuchi, Ken 2 Richardson Jr., James W. 2 Loong, Chun-K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 131 Issue 8, p513; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: OXIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. High-<f>Tc</f> superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Crystal structure and symmetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Valence; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Neutron diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.06.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lund, Alan C.
AU  - Hodge, Andrea M.
AU  - Schuh, Christopher A.
T1  - Incipient plasticity during nanoindentation at elevated temperatures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/23/
VL  - 85
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1362
EP  - 1364
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The onset of plastic deformation during nanoindentation is studied, focusing upon the effects of temperature variation. Indentations on pure (100)-oriented platinum at 20, 100, and 200 °C reveal that the transition from elastic to plastic deformation occurs at progressively lower stress levels as temperature is increased. Additionally, it is shown that during plastic deformation, higher temperatures promote the discretization of plasticity into sharp bursts of activity. These results are in line with expectations for stress-biased, thermally activated deformation processes such as the nucleation of dislocations or the abrupt release of dislocation entanglements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - COHESION
KW  - ELASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14154462; Lund, Alan C. 1 Hodge, Andrea M. 2 Schuh, Christopher A. 1; Email Address: schuh@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 8/23/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 8, p1362; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: COHESION; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784891
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopez, R.
AU  - Boatner, L. A.
AU  - Haynes, T. E.
AU  - Haglund Jr., R. F.
AU  - Feldman, L. C.
T1  - Switchable reflectivity on silicon from a composite VO2-SiO2 protecting layer.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/23/
VL  - 85
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1410
EP  - 1412
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Surfaces whose reflectivity can be thermally controlled were formed on single crystals of silicon by using ion beams to create a nanocomposite layer consisting of VO2 precipitates embedded in a thin-film matrix of amorphous SiO2. The surface nanocomposite layer was produced by first thermally oxidizing a Si crystal to produce an overlying SiO2 film with a desired thickness. Stoichiometric coimplantation of vanadium and oxygen ions and subsequent thermal processing were then employed to form embedded VO2 nanoparticles in the SiO2 film. The reflectivity of the vanadium dioxide particles undergoes large changes at the VO2 semiconductor-to-metal phase transition, thereby providing the mechanism for thermally controlling the reflectivity of the VO2/SiO2/Si layer and, effectively, the Si crystal surface. The VO2/SiO2 nanocomposite layer was applied in a device configuration in which heating via current through the Si substrate is used to control the surface reflectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - THERMAL properties
N1  - Accession Number: 14154446; Lopez, R. 1; Email Address: rene.lopez@vanderbilt.edu Boatner, L. A. 1 Haynes, T. E. 1 Haglund Jr., R. F. 2 Feldman, L. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy and Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235.; Source Info: 8/23/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 8, p1410; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784546
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gruenhagen, Jason A.
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - Investigation of G protein-initiated, Ca2+-dependent release of ATP from endothelial cells
JO  - BBA - Molecular Cell Research
JF  - BBA - Molecular Cell Research
Y1  - 2004/08/23/
VL  - 1693
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 146
SN  - 01674889
AB  - We investigated G protein-stimulated release of ATP from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using the G protein stimulant compound 48/80. Application of compound 48/80 resulted in dose-dependent ATP evolution from cultured HUVECs. This release was not cytotoxic as demonstrated by a lactate dehydrogenase assay and the ability of the cells to load and retain the viability dye calcein following stimulation. Mastoparan also stimulated release of ATP, further suggesting the process was G-protein initiated. This G protein was insensitive to pertussis toxin and appeared to be of the Gq-subtype. The ATP efflux was completely abolished in the presence of EGTA and thapsigargin signifying a strict Ca2+ dependence. Furthermore, compound 48/80-induced release was significantly decreased in cells pretreated with the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122. Thus, the release pathway appears to proceed through an increase in intracellular Ca2+ via PLC activation. Additionally, the G protein-initiated release was attenuated by pretreatment of the cells with either phorbol ester or indolactam V, both activators of protein kinase C. Finally, ATP release was not affected by treating HUVECs with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors or glybenclamide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Molecular Cell Research is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLS
KW  - OXIDOREDUCTASES
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPASE C
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPASES
KW  - Chemiluminescence
KW  - HUVEC cell
KW  - Imaging
KW  - Signaling
N1  - Accession Number: 14103948; Gruenhagen, Jason A. 1 Yeung, Edward S.; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 1693 Issue 2, p135; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: OXIDOREDUCTASES; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPASE C; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemiluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: HUVEC cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signaling; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2004.06.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seok, Won K.
AU  - Meyer, Thomas J.
T1  - Stepwise Oxidation of Anilines by cis-[RuIV(bpy)2(py)(O)]2+.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/23/
VL  - 43
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5205
EP  - 5215
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The net six-electron oxidation of aniline to nitrobenzene or azoxybenzene by cis-[RuIV(bpy)2(py)(O)]2+ (bpy is 2,2'- bipyridine; py is pyridine) occurs in a series of discrete stages. In the first, initial two-electron oxidation is followed by competition between oxidative coupling with aniline to give 1,2-diphenylhycirazine and capture by H2O to give N-phenylhydroxylamine. The kinetics are first order in aniline and first order in Ru(IV) with k(25.1 °C CH3CN) = (2.05 ± 0.18) × 102 M-1 s-1 (ΔH‡ = 5.0 ± 0.7 kcal/mol; ΔS‡ = -31 ± 2 eu). On the basis of competition experiments, kH2OkD2O kinetic isotope effects, and the results of an 18O labeling study, it is concluded that the initial redox step probably involves proton-coupled two-electron transfer from aniline to cis-[RuIV(bpy)2(py)(O)]2+ (Ru2+ = O2+. The product is an intermediate nitrene (PhN) or a protonated nitrene (PhNH+) which is captured by water to give PhNHOH or aniline to give PhNHNHph. In the following stages, PhNHOH, once formed, is rapidly oxidized by RUIV=O2+ to PhNO and PhNHNHPh to PhN=NPh. The rate laws for these reactions are first order in RuIV= O2+ and first order in reductant with k(14.4 °C, H2O/(CH3)2CO) = (4.35 ± 0.24) × 106 M-1 s-1 for PhNHOH and k(25.1 °C, CH3CN) = (1.79 ± 0.14) × 104 M-1 s-1 for PhNHNHPh. In the final stages of the six-electron reactions, FhNO is oxidized to PhNO2 and PhN=Nph to PhN(O)=Nph, The oxidation of PhNO is first order in PhNO and in RuIV=O2+ with k(25.1 °C CH3CN) = 6.32 ± 0.33 M-1 s-1 (ΔH‡ = 4.6 ± 0.8 kcal/mol; ΔS‡ = -39 ± 3 eu). The reaction occurs by O-atom transfer, as shown by an 18O labeling study and by the appearance of a nitrobenzene-bound intermediate at low temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANILINE
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PYRIDINE
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 14403285; Seok, Won K. 1 Meyer, Thomas J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-Dong, Chung-Ku, Seoul 100-715, Korea  2: Associate Director, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS A127, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 8/23/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 17, p5205; Subject Term: ANILINE; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PYRIDINE; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic0302985
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agarwal, Pratul K.
AU  - Geist, Al
AU  - Gorin, Andrey
T1  - Protein Dynamics and Enzymatic Catalysis: Investigating the Peptidyl -- Prolyl Cis -- Trans Isomerization Activity of Cyclophilin A.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/24/
VL  - 43
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 10605
EP  - 10618
SN  - 00062960
AB  - A growing body of evidence suggests a connection between protein dynamics and enzymatic catalysis. In this paper, we present a variety of computational studies designed to investigate the role of protein dynamics in the detailed mechanism of peptidyl--prolyl cis--trans isomerization catalyzed by human cyclophilin A. The results identify a network of protein vibrations, extending from surface regions of the enzyme to the active site and coupled to substrate turnover. Indications are that this network may have a role in promoting catalysis. Crucial parts of this network are found to be conserved in 10 cyclophilin structures from six different species. Experimental evidence for the existence of this network comes from previous NMR relaxation studies, where motions in several residues, forming parts of this network, were detected only during substrate turnover. The high temperature factors (from X-ray crystal structures) associated with the network residues provide further evidence of these vibrations. Along with the knowledge of enzyme structure, this type of network could provide new insights into enzymatic catalysis and the effect of distant ligand binding on protein function. The procedure outlined in this paper is general and can be applied to other enzymatic systems as well. This presents an interesting opportunity; collaborative experimental and theoretical investigations designed to characterize in detail the nature and function of this type of network could enhance the understanding of protein dynamics in enzymatic catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - PEPTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 14393665; Agarwal, Pratul K. 1; Email Address: agarwalpk@ornl.gov Geist, Al 1 Gorin, Andrey 1; Affiliation:  1: Computational Biology Institute and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: 8/24/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 33, p10605; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dodatko, Tetyana
AU  - Fedorov, Alexander A.
AU  - Grynberg, Marcin
AU  - Patskovsky, Yury
AU  - Rozwarski, Denise A.
AU  - Jaroszewski, Lukasz
AU  - Aronoff-Spencer, Eliah
AU  - Kondraskina, Elena
AU  - Irving, Tom
AU  - Godzik, Adam
AU  - Almo, Steven C.
T1  - Crystal Structure of the Actin Binding Domain of the Cyclase-Associated Protein.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/24/
VL  - 43
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 10628
EP  - 10641
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Cyclase-associated protein (CAP or Srv2p) is a modular actin monomer binding protein that directly regulates filament dynamics and has been implicated in a number of complex developmental and morphological processes, including mRNA localization and the establishment of cell polarity. The crystal structure of the C-terminal dimerization and actin monomer binding domain (C-CAP) reveals a highly unusual dimer, composed of monomers possessing six coils of right-handed β-helix flanked by antiparallel β-strands. Domain swapping, involving the last two strands of each monomer, results in the formation of an extended dimer with an extensive interface. This structural and biochemical characterization provides new insights into the organization and potential mechanistic properties of the multiprotein assemblies that integrate dynamic actin processes into the overall physiology of the cell. An unanticipated finding is that the unique tertiary structure of the C-CAP monomer provides a structural model for a wide range of molecules, including RP2 and cofactor C, proteins involved in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa and tubulin maturation, respectively, as well as several uncharacterized proteins that exhibit very diverse domain organizations. Thus, the unusual right-handed β-helical fold present in C-CAP appears to support a wide range of biological functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - PIGMENTATION disorders
KW  - RETINAL degeneration
KW  - ACTIN
N1  - Accession Number: 14393667; Dodatko, Tetyana 1 Fedorov, Alexander A. 1 Grynberg, Marcin 2,3 Patskovsky, Yury 1 Rozwarski, Denise A. 1 Jaroszewski, Lukasz 2 Aronoff-Spencer, Eliah 4 Kondraskina, Elena 5 Irving, Tom 5 Godzik, Adam 2 Almo, Steven C. 1,4,6; Email Address: almo@aecom.yu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.  2: Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037.  3: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.  4: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.  5: Biophysics Collaborative Access Team, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  6: Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.; Source Info: 8/24/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 33, p10628; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: PIGMENTATION disorders; Subject Term: RETINAL degeneration; Subject Term: ACTIN; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayhoe, Katharine
AU  - Cayan, Daniel
AU  - Field, Christopher B.
AU  - Frumhoff, Peter C.
AU  - Maurer, Edwin P.
AU  - Miller, Norman L.
AU  - Moser, Susanne C.
AU  - Schneider, Stephen H.
AU  - Cahill, Kimberly Nicholas
AU  - Cleland, Elsa E.
AU  - Dale, Larry
AU  - Drapek, Ray
AU  - Hanemann, R. Michael
AU  - Kalkstein, Laurence S.
AU  - Lenihan, James
AU  - Lunch, Claire K.
AU  - Neilson, Ronald P.
AU  - Sheridan, Scott C.
AU  - Verville, Julia H.
T1  - Emissions pathways, climate change, and impacts on California.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/08/24/
VL  - 101
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 12422
EP  - 12427
SN  - 00278424
AB  - The magnitude of future climate change depends substantially on the greenhouse gas emission pathways we choose. Here we explore the implications of the highest and lowest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emissions pathways for climate change and associated impacts in California. Based on climate projections from two state-of-the-art climate models with low and medium sensitivity (Parallel Climate Model and Hadley Centre Climate Model, version 3, respectively), we find that annual temperature increases nearly double from the lower B1 to the higher A1fi emissions scenario before 2100. Three of four simulations also show greater increases in summer temperatures as compared with winter. Extreme heat and the associated impacts on a range of temperature-sensitive sectors are substantially greater under the higher emissions scenario, with some interscenario differences apparent before midcentury. By the end of the century under the B1 scenario, heatwaves and extreme heat in Los Angeles quadruple in frequency while heat-related mortality increases two to three times; alpine/subalpine forests are reduced by 50-75%; and Sierra snowpack is reduced 30-70%. Under A1fi, heatwaves in Los Angeles are six to eight times more frequent, with heat-related excess mortality increasing five to seven times; alpine/subalpine forests are reduced by 75-90%; and snowpack declines 73-90%, with cascading impacts on runoff and streamflow that, combined with projected modest declines in winter precipitation, could fundamentally disrupt California's water rights system. Although interscenario differences in climate impacts and costs of adaptation emerge mainly in the second half of the century, they are strongly dependent on emissions from preceding decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - RUNOFF
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14449111; Hayhoe, Katharine 1; Email Address: hayhoe@atmosresearch.com Cayan, Daniel 2 Field, Christopher B. 3 Frumhoff, Peter C. 4 Maurer, Edwin P. 5 Miller, Norman L. 6 Moser, Susanne C. 7 Schneider, Stephen H. 8 Cahill, Kimberly Nicholas 3 Cleland, Elsa E. 3 Dale, Larry 6 Drapek, Ray 8 Hanemann, R. Michael 9 Kalkstein, Laurence S. 10 Lenihan, James 11 Lunch, Claire K. 3 Neilson, Ronald P. 8 Sheridan, Scott C. 12 Verville, Julia H. 4; Affiliation:  1: ATMOS Research and Consulting, 809 West Colfax Avenue, South Bend, IN 46601.  2: Climate Research Division, The Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0224.  3: Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305.  4: Union of Concerned Scientists, Two Brattle Square, Cambridge, MA 02238.  5: Civil Engineering Department, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA 95053.  6: Atmosphere and Ocean Sciences Group, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720.  7: Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307.  8: Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.  9: Corvallis Forestry Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331.  10: Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  11: Center for Climatic Research, Department of Geography, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.  12: Department of Geography, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242.; Source Info: 8/24/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 34, p12422; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: RUNOFF; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0404500101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kohn, Jonathan E.
AU  - Millett, Ian S.
AU  - Jocob, Jaby
AU  - Zagrovic, Bojan
AU  - Dillon, Thomas M.
AU  - Cingel, Nikolina
AU  - Dothager, Robin S.
AU  - Seifert, Soenke
AU  - Thiyagarajan, P.
AU  - Sosnick, Tobin R.
AU  - Hasan, M. Zahid
AU  - Pande, Vijay S.
AU  - Ruczinski, Ingo
AU  - Doniacht, Sebastian
AU  - Plaxco, Kevin W.
T1  - Random-coil behavior and the dimensions of chemically unfolded proteins.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/08/24/
VL  - 101
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 12491
EP  - 12496
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Spectroscopic studies have identified a number of proteins that appear to retain significant residual structure under even strongly denaturing conditions. Intrinsic viscosity, hydrodynamic radii, and small-angle x-ray scattering studies, in contrast, indicate that the dimensions of most chemically denatured proteins scale with polypeptide length by means of the power-law relationship expected for random-coil behavior. Here we further explore this discrepancy by expanding the length range of characterized denatured-state radii of gyration (RG) and by reexamining proteins that reportedly do not fit the expected dimensional scaling. We find that only 2 of 28 crosslink-free, prosthetic-group-free, chemically denatured polypeptides deviate significantly from a power-law relationship with polymer length. The RG of the remaining 26 polypeptides, which range from 16 to 549 residues, are well fitted (r<² = 0.988) by a power-law relationship with a best-fit exponent, 0.598 ± 0.028, coinciding closely with the 0.588 predicted for an excluded volume random coil. Therefore, it appears that the mean dimensions of the large majority of chemically denatured proteins are effectively indistinguishable from the mean dimensions of a random-coil ensemble. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLYMERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14449123; Kohn, Jonathan E. 1 Millett, Ian S. 2 Jocob, Jaby 3,4 Zagrovic, Bojan 5 Dillon, Thomas M. 6 Cingel, Nikolina 6 Dothager, Robin S. 3 Seifert, Soenke 7 Thiyagarajan, P. 4 Sosnick, Tobin R. 5,8 Hasan, M. Zahid 9 Pande, Vijay S. 5 Ruczinski, Ingo 10 Doniacht, Sebastian 2 Plaxco, Kevin W. 1,6; Email Address: kwp@chem.ucsb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Interdepartmental Program in Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.  2: Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 92343.  3: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.  4: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.  5: Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 92343.  6: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.  7: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.  8: Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.  9: Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.  10: Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.; Source Info: 8/24/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 34, p12491; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0403643101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ingler Jr., William B.
AU  - Baltrus, John P.
AU  - Khan, Shahed U. M.
T1  - Photoresponse of p-Type Zinc-Doped lron(Ill) Oxide Thin Films.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/25/
VL  - 126
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 10238
EP  - 10239
SN  - 00027863
AB  - It is still important to search for semiconductor photocatalysts that can be used in a photoelectrochemical cell to split water to hydrogen and oxygen. To that end, a stable and low-cost semi-conductor that is able to absorb a large amount of solar photons while having a low band gap needs to be synthesized. The goal of this work is to synthesize nanocrystalline p-Fe2O3 films and dope them with zinc using a spray pyrolytic deposition method in order to determine their photoresponse toward photoelectrochemical water splitting.
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14362273; Ingler Jr., William B. 1 Baltrus, John P. 2 Khan, Shahed U. M. 1; Email Address: khan@duq.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bayer School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, 600 Forbes Avenue, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282.  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 12536-0940.; Source Info: 8/25/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 33, p10238; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiaobo Yang
AU  - Camblor, Miguel A.
AU  - Lee, Yongjae
AU  - Liu, Haiming
AU  - Olson, David H.
T1  - Synthesis and Crystal Structure of As-Synthesized and Calcined Pure Silica Zeolite ITQ-12.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/25/
VL  - 126
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 10403
EP  - 10409
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The small-pore pure silica zeolite ITQ-12 has been synthesized with fumed silica as the silica source in the presence of 1,3,4-trimethylimidazolium hydroxide and hydrofluoric acid under hydrothermal conditions at 448 K. Rietveld refinement using synchrotron X-ray diffraction data of the calcined ITQ-12 product taken at 298 K confirms the proposed topology, framework type code ITW, which can be described by a monoclinic unit cell (Si24O48] having Cm symmetry. Unit cell parameters are a = 10.3360(4), b = 15.0177(6), and c = 8.8639(4) Å, β = 105.356(3)°, and cell volume V = 1326.76(9) ų. For as-synthesized ITQ-12, the occluded fluoride anion is located inside the double four-membered ring, while the flat 1,3,4- trimethylimidazolium cation lies on the equatorial plane of the slit-shaped [44546484] cage, with its longest dimension in the [010] direction. The monoclinic unit cell [(C6N2H11)+2F-2][Si24O48], having Cm symmetry, has parameters a = 10.4478(3), b = 14.9854(4), and c = 8.8366(3) Å, β = 105.935(2)°, and cell volume V= 1330.34(7) ų at 298 K. Cooperative structure-directing effects during the crystallization of ITQ-12 are discussed in terms of the structure of the as-made material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - SYMMETRY
KW  - SILICA
KW  - SYMMETRY (Biology)
KW  - HYDROFLUORIC acid
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14362305; Xiaobo Yang 1,2; Email Address: xiaobo.yang@pci.uni-hannover.de Camblor, Miguel A. 3 Lee, Yongjae 4 Liu, Haiming 5 Olson, David H. 1,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.  2: Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, University of Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.  3: Departamento de Materiales Porosos γ small gamma Compuestos de Intercalaciôn, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.  4: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 -5000.  5: Atofina Chemicals, Inc., King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.  6: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Rd., Piscataway, NJ 08854.; Source Info: 8/25/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 33, p10403; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Biology); Subject Term: HYDROFLUORIC acid; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: CATIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coe, Benjamin J.
AU  - Harris, James A.
AU  - Brunschwig, Bruce S.
AU  - Garín, Javier
AU  - Qrduna, Jesús
AU  - Coles, Simon J.
AU  - Hursthouse, Michael B.
T1  - Contrasting Linear and Quadratic Nonlinear Optical Behavior of Dipolar Pyridinium Chromophores with 4-(DimethyIamino)Phenyl or Ruthenium(ll) Ammine Electron Donor Groups.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/25/
VL  - 126
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 10418
EP  - 10427
SN  - 00027863
AB  - In this article, we contrast the optical properties of dipolar chromophores having 4-(dimethylamino)- phenyl electron donor (D) and pyridinium acceptor (A) groups with those of closely related cations having pyridyl-coordinated RuII donors. A range of physical data, including that from Stark (electroabsorption) spectroscopy, permits unprecedented quantitative comparisons, most notably regarding the effects of extension of bridging polyene chains. The purely organic compounds display normal optical properties in that their intense, visible π → π* intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) bands red-shift as the number of E-ethylene units (n) increases from 1 to 3 and the associated static first hyperpolarizabilities β0 increase steadily with n. The related RuII complexes show intense, visible d → π* metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) bands, which are found to lower energy when compared with the ICT transitions of the corresponding organics. Abnormally, these MLCT bands blue-shift as n increases, and β0 maximizes at n = 2. Time- dependent density-functional theory and finite field calculations verify these empirical trends for both types of compound- which can be rationalized as arising from the differing orbital structures of the chromophores and the assocIated degrees of D-A electronic coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CARBON compounds
KW  - LINEAR algebras
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14362307; Coe, Benjamin J. 1,2; Email Address: b.coe@man.ac.uk Harris, James A. 1 Brunschwig, Bruce S. 2 Garín, Javier 3 Qrduna, Jesús 3 Coles, Simon J. 4 Hursthouse, Michael B. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, U.K. M13 9PL.  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, New York 11973-5000.  3: Departamento de Química Orgânica, ICMA, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.  4: EPSRC X-ray Crystallography Service, Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfleld, Southampton, U.K. S017 1BJ.; Source Info: 8/25/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 33, p10418; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; Subject Term: LINEAR algebras; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mork, Benjamin V.
AU  - Tiiley, T. Don
AU  - Schultz, Arthur J.
AU  - Cowan, John A.
T1  - Silylene Hydride Complexes of Molybdenum with Silicon Hydrogen lnteractions Neutron Structure of (η5C5Me5)...
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/08/25/
VL  - 126
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 10428
EP  - 10440
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Reduction of Cp*MoCl4 with 3.1 equiv of Na/Hg amalgam (1 .0% w/w) in the presence of 1 equiv of dmpe and 1 equiv of trimethylphosphine afforded the molybdenum(II) chloride complex Cp*(dmpe)- (PMe3)MoCl (1) (Cp* = 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, -dmpe = 1 ,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane). Alkylation of 1 with PhCH2MgCl proceeded in high yield to liberate PMe3 and give the 18-electron π-benzyl complex Cp*(dmpe)Mo(η³-CH2Ph) (2). Variable temperature NMR experiments provided evidence that 2 is in equilibrium with its 16-electron η¹-benzyl isomer [Cp*(dmpe)Mo(η¹ CH2Ph)]. This was further supported by reaction of 2 with CO to yield the carbonyl benzyl complex Cp*(dmpe)(CO)Mo(η¹CH2Ph) (3). Complex 2 was found to react with disubstituted silanes H2SiRR' (RR' = Me2, Et2, MePh, and Ph2) to form toluene and the silylene complexes Cp*(dmpe)MO(H)(SiRR') (4a: BR' = Me2 4b: RB' = Et2 4c: RR' = MePh; 4d: RR' = Ph2). Reactions of 2 with monosubstituted silanes H3SiR (R = Ph, Mes, Mes = 2,4,6- trimethyiphenyl) produced rare examples of hydrosilylene complexes Cp*(dmpe)Mo(H)Si(H)R (5a: B = Ph; 5b: R = Mes; 5c: R = CH2Ph). Reactivity of complexes 4a-c and 5a-d is dominated by 1,2-hydride migration from metal to silicon, and these complexes possess H…Si bonding interactions, as supported by spectroscopic and structural data. For example, the HSI coupling constants in these species range in value from 30 to 48 Hz and are larger than would be expected in the absence of H…Si bonding. A neutron diffraction study on a single crystal of diethylsilylene complex 4b unequivocally determined the hydride ligand to be in a bridging position across the molybdenumsilicon bond (Mo-H 1.85(1) Å, Si-H 1.68(1) A). The synthesis and reactivity properties of these complexes are described in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - COMPLEXES (Mathematics)
KW  - PETROLEUM refining
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14362308; Mork, Benjamin V. 1 Tiiley, T. Don 1; Email Address: tdtilley@socrates.berkeley.edu Schultz, Arthur J. 2 Cowan, John A. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Berkeley.  2: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: 8/25/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 33, p10428; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: COMPLEXES (Mathematics); Subject Term: PETROLEUM refining; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324190 Other petroleum and coal product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pantleon, W.
AU  - Poulsen, H.F.
AU  - Almer, J.
AU  - Lienert, U.
T1  - In situ X-ray peak shape analysis of embedded individual grains during plastic deformation of metals
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/08/25/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 33
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A novel X-ray diffraction method is introduced, which enables a complete peak shape analysis for a set of distinct diffraction peaks arising from one and the same embedded grain within the bulk of a polycrystalline metal. From the 2θ variation and the mosaic spread of the peaks, information about the dislocation structures formed during the deformation can be extracted in a much more direct way than previously possible. The method is based on the use of high energy X-rays and a multi-grain indexing program for identification of individual grains within a polycrystal. In a feasibility study, one aluminum grain is studied in situ during tensile deformation up to 4.5%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - DEFORMATION of surfaces
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - In situ deformation
KW  - Peak broadening
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Tensile test
N1  - Accession Number: 13805964; Pantleon, W. 1; Email Address: wolfgang.pantleon@risoe.dk Poulsen, H.F. 1 Almer, J. 2 Lienert, U. 2; Affiliation:  1: Risø National Laboratory, Materials Research Department, Center for Fundamental Research: Metal Structures in Four Dimensions, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark  2: Argonne National Laboratory, APS, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 380 Issue 1/2, p30; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: DEFORMATION of surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peak broadening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile test; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.02.080
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beyerlein, Irene J.
AU  - Tomé, Carlos N.
T1  - Analytical modeling of material flow in equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE)
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/08/25/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 190
SN  - 09215093
AB  - We provide analytical forms for the plastic deformation and velocity gradients associated with a single pass of equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE). Three cases of plastic deformation are considered: ideal simple shear, a plastic deformation zone (PDZ) in the shape of a central fan of angle βm, and a two-part PDZ consisting of a central fan in the ‘upper’ region and a low intensity shear deformation in the ‘lower’ region. The analysis for simple shear considers a general die angle Φ, whereas the other two cases only consider <F>Φ=90°</F>. The tensors for deformation and velocity gradients completely describe the deformation, such as the directions and magnitudes of material stretching and rotations. From this analysis, one can calculate deformation and texture evolution. Texture evolution during flow through the central fan zone involves continuous rotation of the texture components causing the texture developed at the end of the extrusion to be rotated relative to the ideal simple shear case. The analysis of the two-part zone suggests inhomogeneity in texture evolution, in which features of the initial texture are retained and rotated in the lower region, while they are nearly erased in the upper region. These analytical flow patterns for a single pass can be repeatedly applied for any number of passes of any ECAE route. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - SPEED
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - Deformation gradient
KW  - ECAE
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Texture
KW  - Velocity gradient
N1  - Accession Number: 13805982; Beyerlein, Irene J. 1; Email Address: irene@lanl.gov Tomé, Carlos N. 2; Email Address: tome@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Material Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 380 Issue 1/2, p171; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECAE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Velocity gradient; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.03.063
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanagud, T.
AU  - Luplen, C.
AU  - Kohsaka, Y.
AU  - Lee, D.-H.
AU  - Azuma, M.
AU  - Takano, M.
AU  - Takagl, H.
AU  - Davis, J. C.
T1  - A ‘checkerboard’ electronic crystal state in lightly hole-doped Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/08/26/
VL  - 430
IS  - 7003
M3  - Article
SP  - 1001
EP  - 1005
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The phase diagram of hole-doped copper oxides shows four different electronic phases existing at zero temperature. Familiar among these are the Mott insulator, high-transition-temperature superconductor and metallic phases. A fourth phase, of unknown identity, occurs at light doping along the zero-temperature bound of the ‘pseudogap’ regime. This regime is rich in peculiar electronic phenomena, prompting numerous proposals that it contains some form of hidden electronic order. Here we present low-temperature electronic structure imaging studies of a lightly hole-doped copper oxide: Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2. Tunnelling spectroscopy (at energies |E| > 100?meV) reveals electron extraction probabilities greatly exceeding those for injection, as anticipated for a doped Mott insulator. However, for |E| < 100?meV, the spectrum exhibits a V-shaped energy gap centred on E = 0. States within this gap undergo intense spatial modulations, with the spatial correlations of a four CuO2-unit-cell square ‘checkerboard’, independent of energy. Intricate atomic-scale electronic structure variations also exist within the checkerboard. These data are consistent with an unanticipated crystalline electronic state, possibly the hidden electronic order, existing in the zero-temperature pseudogap regime of Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE diagrams
KW  - COPPER
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14262453; Hanagud, T. 1,2 Luplen, C. 3 Kohsaka, Y. 4 Lee, D.-H. 5,6 Azuma, M. 2,7 Takano, M. 7 Takagl, H. 1,2,4 Davis, J. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Magnetic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Wako 351-0198, Japan  2: Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan  3: LASSP, Department of Physics, cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 USA  4: Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8651, Japan  5: Department of Physics, University of California,  6: Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  7: Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 601-0011, Japan.; Source Info: 8/26/2004, Vol. 430 Issue 7003, p1001; Subject Term: PHASE diagrams; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02861
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barger, Vernon
AU  - Chiang, Cheng-Wei
AU  - Jiang, Jing
AU  - Langacker, Paul
T1  - – mixing in  models with flavor-changing neutral currents
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/08/26/
VL  - 596
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 239
SN  - 03702693
AB  - In models with an extra  gauge boson family non-universal couplings to the weak eigenstates of the standard model fermions generally induce flavor-changing neutral currents. This phenomenon leads to interesting results in various B meson decays, for which recent data indicate hints of new physics involving significant contributions from  transitions. We analyze the  system, emphasizing the effects of a  on the mass difference and CP asymmetries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Flavor
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - FERMIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13956888; Barger, Vernon 1; Email Address: barger@oriole.physics.wisc.edu Chiang, Cheng-Wei 1; Email Address: chengwei@physics.wisc.edu Jiang, Jing 2; Email Address: jiangj@hep.anl.gov Langacker, Paul 3; Email Address: pgl@electroweak.hep.upenn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: HEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6396, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 596 Issue 3/4, p229; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Flavor; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: FERMIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.06.105
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saffran, Wilma A.
AU  - Ahmed, Shaila
AU  - Bellevue, Sherly
AU  - Pereira, Gillian
AU  - Patrick, Teleka
AU  - Sanchez, Wendy
AU  - Thomas, Sandra
AU  - Alberti, Marie
AU  - Hearst, John E.
T1  - DNA Repair Defects Channel Interstrand DNA Cross-links into Alternate Recombinational and Error-prone Repair Pathways.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/08/27/
VL  - 279
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 36462
EP  - 36469
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The repair of psoralen interstrand cross-links in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves the DNA repair groups nucleotide excision repair (NER), homologous recombination (HR), and post-replication repair (PRR). In repair-proficient yeast cells cross-links induce double-strand breaks, in an NER-dependent process; the double-strand breaks are then repaired by HR. An alternate error-prone repair pathway generates mutations at cross-link sites. We have characterized the repair of plasmid molecules carrying a single psoralen cross-link, psoralen monoadduct, or double-strand break in yeast cells with deficiencies in NER, HR, or PRR genes, measuring the repair efficiencies and the levels of gene conversions, crossing over, and mutations. Strains with deficiencies in the NER genes RAD1, RAD3, RAD4, and RAD10 had low levels of cross-link-induced recombination but higher mutation frequencies than repair-proficient cells. Deletion of the HR genes RAD51, RAD52, RAD54, RAD55, and RAD57 also decreased induced recombination and increased mutation frequencies above those of NER-deficient yeast. Strains lacking the PRR genes RAD5, RAD6, and RAD18 did not have any cross-link-induced mutations but showed increased levels of recombination; rad5 and rad6 cells also had altered patterns of cross-link-induced gene conversion in comparison with repair-proficient yeast. Our observations suggest that psoralen cross-links can be repaired by three pathways: an error-free recombinational pathway requiring NER and HR and two PRR-dependent error-prone pathways, one NER-dependent and one NER-independent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - GENETIC recombination
KW  - YEAST
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - PSORALENS
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 14518010; Saffran, Wilma A. 1; Email Address: Wilma_Saffran@qc.edu Ahmed, Shaila 1 Bellevue, Sherly 1 Pereira, Gillian 1 Patrick, Teleka 1 Sanchez, Wendy 1 Thomas, Sandra 1 Alberti, Marie 2 Hearst, John E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 8/27/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 35, p36462; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject Term: GENETIC recombination; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: PSORALENS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M402323200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Li, Zhanqing
AU  - Wiscombe, Warren
AU  - Stephens, Craeme L.
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/27/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5688
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1240
EP  - 1240
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about atmospheric radiation models.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14449255; Li, Zhanqing 1 Wiscombe, Warren 2 Stephens, Craeme L. 3 Ackerman, Thomas P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Meteorology and ESSIC, University of Maryland, 2207 CSS Building, College Park, MD 20742-2465, USA, and Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.  2: Climate and Radiation Branch, NASA Goddard Space Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.  3: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.  4: Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.; Source Info: 8/27/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5688, p1240; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC radiation; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 359
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Li, Zhanqing
AU  - Wiscombe, Warren
AU  - Stephens, Craeme L.
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/27/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5688
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1240
EP  - 1240
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about atmospheric radiation models.
KW  - Atmospheric radiation
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 14449255; Li, Zhanqing 1; Wiscombe, Warren 2; Stephens, Craeme L. 3; Ackerman, Thomas P. 4; Affiliations: 1: Department of Meteorology and ESSIC, University of Maryland, 2207 CSS Building, College Park, MD 20742-2465, USA, and Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.; 2: Climate and Radiation Branch, NASA Goddard Space Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.; 3: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.; 4: Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.; Issue Info: 8/27/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5688, p1240; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric radiation; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 359
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Law, Matt
AU  - Sirbuly, Donald J.
AU  - Johnson, Justin C.
AU  - Goldberger, Josh
AU  - Saykally, Richard J.
AU  - Yang, Peidong
T1  - Nanoribbon Waveguides for Subwavelength Photonics Integration.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/08/27/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5688
M3  - Article
SP  - 1269
EP  - 1273
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Although the electrical integration of chemically synthesized nanowires has been achieved with lithography, optical integration, which promises high speeds and greater device versatility, remains unexplored. We describe the properties and functions of individual crystalline oxide nanoribbons that act as subwavelength optical waveguides and assess their applicability as nanoscale photonic elements. The length, flexibility, and strength of these structures enable their manipulation on surfaces, including the optical linking of nanoribbon waveguides and other nanowire elements to form networks and device components. We demonstrate the assembly of ribbon waveguides with nanowire light sources and detectors as a first step toward building nanowire photonic circuitry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - WAVEGUIDES
KW  - ELECTRIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14449273; Law, Matt 1,2 Sirbuly, Donald J. 1,2 Johnson, Justin C. 1 Goldberger, Josh 1 Saykally, Richard J. 1 Yang, Peidong 1,2; Email Address: p_yang@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 8/27/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5688, p1269; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC wire; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: WAVEGUIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3602
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reyes, M. A.
AU  - Berisso, M. C.
AU  - Christian, D. C.
AU  - Felix, J.
AU  - Gara, A.
AU  - Gottschalk, E. E.
AU  - Gutierrez, G.
AU  - Hartouni, E. P.
AU  - Knapp, B. C.
AU  - Kreisler, M. N.
AU  - Lee, S.
AU  - Markianos, K.
AU  - Moreno, G.
AU  - Wang, M. H. L. S.
AU  - Wehman, A.
AU  - Wesson, D.
T1  - Preliminary results of the analysis of the centrally produced [lowercase_phi_synonym][lowercase_phi_synonym] system.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 717
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 139
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present preliminary results of the analysis of the centrally produced φφ system at 800 GeV/c in the reaction pp → Pslow (φφ)Pfast. A partial wave analysis of the data up to 2.6 GeV/c² shows that three waves with JPC LS = 2++02 and with different Jz and reflectivity are needed to describe the data. A fit to the wave amplitudes using Jost functions gives two resonances, one above and one below the φφ threshold. The resonance above threshold has a Breit­Wigner structure with MR = 2.243 ± 0.015(stat) ± 0.010(syst) GeV and ΓR = 0.368 ± 0.033(stat) ± 0.030(syst) GeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING amplitude (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MESONS
KW  - HADRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546348; Reyes, M. A. 1 Berisso, M. C. 2 Christian, D. C. 3 Felix, J. 1 Gara, A. 4 Gottschalk, E. E. 3 Gutierrez, G. 3 Hartouni, E. P. 5 Knapp, B. C. 4 Kreisler, M. N. 2,5 Lee, S. 2 Markianos, K. 2 Moreno, G. 1 Wang, M. H. L. S. 2,3 Wehman, A. 3 Wesson, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato, México  2: University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA  3: Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA  4: Columbia University, Nevis Laboratory, New York, USA  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 717 Issue 1, p135; Subject Term: SCATTERING amplitude (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799692
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weygand, Dennis P.
T1  - Hadron Spectroscopy at Jefferson Laboratory.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 717
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 220
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent results on hadron spectroscopy from Jefferson Laboratory's CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) are presented. In particular we present results from the baryon resonance program for both electro- and photo- production. Also, we present very preliminary results on meson spectroscopy in γp interactions, and new results on the observation of the exotic baryon, the Θ+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - MESON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14546334; Weygand, Dennis P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport News, Virginia; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 717 Issue 1, p209; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: MESON spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799706
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cahn, Robert N.
T1  - BABAR Results on the Ds System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 717
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 394
EP  - 399
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The surprising discovery by the BABAR Collaboration of a narrow state with a mass of 2317 MeV decaying to Dsπ0 has been followed by other spectroscopic revelations. We focus on the BABAR results for the second state, at 2458 MeV, but mention related work from other experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARMONIUM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Charm
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14546302; Cahn, Robert N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 717 Issue 1, p394; Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Charm; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799738
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Page, Philip R.
T1  - The isotensor pentaquark.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 717
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 436
EP  - 440
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Further consequences of the 1540 MeV Θ+ resonance as an isotensor pentaquark beyond Capstick et al. [1] are explored. It is argued that the SAPHIR data may not currently exclude the existence of the charged partner Θ++. The usual prediction of the dominance of non-resonant Θ+ K, and Θ+K&ast;, final states in photoproduction on the proton is argued not to obtain for an isotensor Θ+. This enhances the importance of excited baryon final states, where the excited baryon decays to Θ+ K or Θ+ K&ast;; as well as the non-resonant Θ+ Kπ final state. The small width of the recently discovered Ξ-- cascade resonance to Ξ- π- is easier to explain if Θ+ is an isotensor pentaquark than if it is in the &10macr; representation, due to both an isospin and U-spin selection rule. A new production diagram for Θ+ in the photoproduction on the deuteron is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - PARTONS
KW  - GLUONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546294; Page, Philip R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS B283, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 717 Issue 1, p436; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: PARTONS; Subject Term: GLUONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799746
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patrignani, C.
AU  - Ambrogiani, M.
AU  - Andreotti, M.
AU  - Bagnasco, S.
AU  - Baldini, W.
AU  - Bettoni, D.
AU  - Borreani, G.
AU  - Buzzo, A.
AU  - Calabrese, R.
AU  - Cester, R.
AU  - Cibinetto, G.
AU  - Dalpiaz, P.
AU  - Garzoglio, G.
AU  - Gollwitzer, K. E.
AU  - Graham, M.
AU  - Hahn, A.
AU  - Joffe, D.
AU  - Kasper, J.
AU  - Lasio, G.
AU  - Lo Vetere, M.
T1  - E835 at FNAL: Charmonium Spectroscopy in pp Annihilations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 717
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 581
EP  - 590
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - E835 studied the properties of the charmonium states formed in p&pmacr; annihilations. Recent and preliminary results are presented, including new preliminary measurements of XcJ masses and widths (improving the knowledge of fine splitting of P states), a preliminary measurement of Ψ(2S) branching ratios, and of the two photon partial width of the X c0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14546274; Patrignani, C. 1 Ambrogiani, M. 2 Andreotti, M. 2 Bagnasco, S. 1,3 Baldini, W. 2 Bettoni, D. 2 Borreani, G. 3 Buzzo, A. 1 Calabrese, R. 2 Cester, R. 3 Cibinetto, G. 2 Dalpiaz, P. 2 Garzoglio, G. 4 Gollwitzer, K. E. 4 Graham, M. 5 Hahn, A. 4 Joffe, D. 6 Kasper, J. 6 Lasio, G. 7 Lo Vetere, M.; Affiliation:  1: I.N.F.N and Universitá di Genova, Italy  2: I.N.F.N. and Universitá di Ferrara, Italy  3: I.N.F.N. and Universitá di Torino, Italy  4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory U.S.A.  5: University of Minnesota, U.S.A.  6: Northwestern University, U.S.A.  7: University of California at Irvine, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 717 Issue 1, p581; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799766
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes, T.
T1  - Strong Decays: Past, Present and Future.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 717
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 625
EP  - 635
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this talk I review the history of models of strong decays, from the original model through applications to charmonium, light and charmed mesons, glueballs and hybrids. Our current rather limited understanding of the QCD mechanism of strong decays is stressed. Regarding current and future applications of strong decay models, we note that in certain channels the very strong coupling predicted between q&qmacr; basis states and the two-meson continuum may lead to strongly mixed states and perhaps molecular two-meson bound states. The relevance to the DsJ∗(2317) is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARMONIUM
KW  - MESONS
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546268; Barnes, T. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 717 Issue 1, p625; Subject Term: CHARMONIUM; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799772
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simpson, P. J.
AU  - Jenei, Z.
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, P.
AU  - Robison, R. R.
AU  - Law, M. E.
T1  - Observation of fluorine-vacancy complexes in silicon.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 85
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1538
EP  - 1540
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We show direct evidence, obtained by positron annihilation spectroscopy, for the complexing of fluorine with vacancies in silicon. Both float zone and Czochralski silicon wafers were implanted with 30 keV fluorine ions to a fluence of 2×1014 ions/cm2, and studied in the as-implanted condition, and after annealing to 650 °C for 10 and for 30 min. The “2-detector” background reduction technique for positron annihilation was applied. The spectra reveal a significant concentration of fluorine-vacancy complexes after annealing, for both Czochralski and float zone material, supporting the results of computer simulations of the implantation and annealing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORINE
KW  - SILICON
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - IONS
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 14258801; Simpson, P. J. 1; Email Address: psimpson@uwo.ca Jenei, Z. 2 Asoka-Kumar, P. 2 Robison, R. R. 3 Law, M. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 3K7, Canada.  2: Department of Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  3: SWAMP Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611.; Source Info: 8/30/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 9, p1538; Subject Term: FLUORINE; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784045
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Punnoose, A.
AU  - Hays, J.
AU  - Gopal, V.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
T1  - Room-temperature ferromagnetism in chemically synthesized Sn1-xCoxO2 powders.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 85
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1559
EP  - 1561
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Room-temperature ferromagnetism is observed in chemically synthesized powder samples of Sn1-xCoxO2 with x=0.005 and 0.01. Magnetic hysteresis loops are observed at 300 K with coercivity Hc∼630 Oe, saturation magnetization Ms∼0.133μB/Co ion, and about 31% remanence. Analyses of the magnetization data of paramagnetic samples with x=0.01 and 0.03, measured as a function of temperature (3–330 K) and magnetic field (up to 65 kOe), indicate the presence of Co+2 ions with spin S=3/2. Magnetic data obtained from samples prepared at different temperatures indicate that the observed ferromagnetism for x≤0.01 might have been triggered by changes in the oxygen stoichiometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - TIN compounds
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14258794; Punnoose, A. 1; Email Address: apunnoos@boisestate.edu Hays, J. 1 Gopal, V. 2 Shutthanandan, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725-1570.  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley,California 94720.  3: Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland,Washington 99352; Source Info: 8/30/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 9, p1559; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: TIN compounds; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1786633
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14258794&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmitz, Birger
AU  - Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard
AU  - Heilmann-Clausen, Claus
AU  - Åberg, Göran
AU  - Asaro, Frank
AU  - Lee, Cin-Ty A.
T1  - Basaltic explosive volcanism, but no comet impact, at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary: high-resolution chemical and isotopic records from Egypt, Spain and Denmark
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 225
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - In the search for a triggering mechanism for the Paleocene–Eocene (P–E) boundary event, 55 Ma, centimeter-resolution chemical (e.g., Ir, Os, Pt) and isotope (e.g., 187Os/188Os, 3He/4He, 87Sr/86Sr) records across this boundary have been established for six uplifted marine sections in Egypt, Spain and Denmark. The sections studied represent some of the stratigraphically most complete records across the onset of the carbon isotopic excursion (CIE) and associated benthic foraminifera extinctions that mark the Paleocene–Eocene boundary. High-sensitivity analyses failed to uncover evidence of extraterrestrial element or isotope enrichments in the six sections, refuting the hypothesis of a major comet impact at the boundary. Preliminary searches for other impact-indicative features, such as spherules or shocked quartz, also gave negative results. In the Danish section studied, three basaltic Ir-rich ash layers occur at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary, but no similar ashes were found in Egypt or Spain. The three ashes represent the earliest known manifestation of an unusual 1 to 2 million year long phase of explosive basaltic volcanism in the Færø-Greenland region. This volcanism is synchronous with major flood basalt effusions in East Greenland and is associated with prominent paleogeographic changes in the high-latitude North Atlantic region. Discharge of mantle-derived Os to seawater during this volcanism may explain a small decrease in 187Os/188Os ratio at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Zumaya section in Spain. The environmental perturbations at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary appear to have been triggered by basaltic volcanism, but any model for the detailed causal relation remains speculative. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLCANISM
KW  - GEODYNAMICS
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - IRIDIUM
KW  - carbonisotopic excursion
KW  - comet impact
KW  - flood basalt volcanism
KW  - IETM
KW  - iridium
KW  - osmium isotopes
KW  - Palaeocene–Eocene boundary
N1  - Accession Number: 14103154; Schmitz, Birger; Email Address: birger.schmitz@geol.lu.se Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard 1 Heilmann-Clausen, Claus 2 Åberg, Göran 3 Asaro, Frank 4 Lee, Cin-Ty A. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 360 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA  2: Department of Earth Sciences, Århus University, DK 8000 Århus C, Denmark  3: Institute for Energy Technology, P.O. Box 40, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Department of Earth Science, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 225 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: VOLCANISM; Subject Term: GEODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: IRIDIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbonisotopic excursion; Author-Supplied Keyword: comet impact; Author-Supplied Keyword: flood basalt volcanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: IETM; Author-Supplied Keyword: iridium; Author-Supplied Keyword: osmium isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palaeocene–Eocene boundary; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.06.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Proskurowski, G.
AU  - Lilley, M.D.
AU  - Brown, T.A.
T1  - Isotopic evidence of magmatism and seawater bicarbonate removal at the endeavour hydrothermal system
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 225
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 61
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - Stable and radiocarbon isotope measurements made on CO2 from high temperature hydrothermal vents on the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge indicate a magmatic source of carbon to the hydrothermal system after a 1999 earthquake. The radiocarbon measurements require that a large fraction of seawater bicarbonate originally present in the downwelled fluid be removed during hydrothermal circulation. The Endeavour Segment is devoid of overlying sediments and has shown no observable signs of surficial magmatic activity during the previous 20 years of ongoing studies. The appearance of isotopically heavy, radiocarbon dead CO2 after a 1999 earthquake swarm indicate that this earthquake event was magmatic in origin. Evidence for the removal of seawater bicarbonate is a significant find because many studies to date have corrected CO2 data based on the presumption of the presence of seawater bicarbonate. Utilizing both stable and radiocarbon measurements there is some evidence of a sedimentary source of carbon at Endeavour. These findings, which represent the first temporally coherent set of radiocarbon measurements from hydrothermal vent fluids, demonstrate the utility of radiocarbon analysis in hydrothermal studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MAGMATISM
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - bicarbonate
KW  - Endeavour
KW  - hydrothermal vents
KW  - radiocarbon
KW  - carbon dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 14103158; Proskurowski, G. 1; Email Address: giora@u.washington.edu Lilley, M.D. 1 Brown, T.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 225 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MAGMATISM; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: bicarbonate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Endeavour; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrothermal vents; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiocarbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon dioxide; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: French; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.06.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palumbo, Luigi
AU  - Benedetti, Lucilla
AU  - Bourlès, Didier
AU  - Cinque, Aldo
AU  - Finkel, Robert
T1  - Slip history of the Magnola fault (Apennines, Central Italy) from 36Cl surface exposure dating: evidence for strong earthquakes over the Holocene
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 225
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 163
EP  - 176
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - To better understand the mechanics of deformation in the Mediterranean and the role that the convergence between Africa and Europe plays, it is necessary to know the deformation field at different time scales. Here we use in situ 36Cl surface exposure dating of exposed bedrock fault scarps to determine earthquake time-slip histories and to quantify slip rates over the last several thousand years. This information allows us to delineate the seismic history of normal faulting within the Mediterranean area over that time period.We have studied the limestone scarp produced by the Magnola fault in the Central Apennines, Italy. The Magnola fault, in the Fucino area, is an active, 15-km long, normal fault striking WNW and dipping SSW. The range front morphology, characterised by steep triangular facets separated by V-shaped valleys and wine-glass canyons, suggests that the Magnola fault has been active for at least the last several hundred thousand years. At the base of the facets, the fault cuts limestone bedrock to produce a well-preserved normal fault scarp 10 to 12 m high.The distribution of 36Cl concentration versus the height along that scarp is best explained by a minimum of five and a maximum of seven successive earthquake exhumations, with slips varying between 1.5 and 3 m. An age of ∼5 ka at the base of the scarp and of ∼12 ka at the top yields a slip rate of ∼0.8 mm/year. The absence of any event on this fault during the last 5000 years suggests either that a future event is imminent on the Magnola fault or that the fault has entered a quiescent period with much longer recurrence time. Our study confirms that the Magnola fault scarp is post-glacial and supports the hypothesis that similar scarps in the Mediterranean are also post-glacial. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PALEOSEISMOLOGY
KW  - SEISMOLOGY
KW  - APENNINES (Italy)
KW  - ITALY
KW  - Apennines
KW  - chlorine 36
KW  - cosmogenic dating
KW  - Italy
KW  - paleoseismology
KW  - seismotectonic
N1  - Accession Number: 14103166; Palumbo, Luigi; Email Address: palumbo@cerege.fr Benedetti, Lucilla 1; Email Address: benedetti@cerege.fr Bourlès, Didier 1; Email Address: bourles@cerege.fr Cinque, Aldo 2; Email Address: cinque@unina.it Finkel, Robert 3; Email Address: rfinkel@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: CEREGE, UMR CNRS 6635, Université Aix-Marseille III, BP 80, plateau de l'Arbois, 13545 Aix en Provence, Cedex 04, France  2: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Largo S. Marcellino 10, 80138 Napoli, Italy  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory–Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, L-206, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 225 Issue 1/2, p163; Subject Term: PALEOSEISMOLOGY; Subject Term: SEISMOLOGY; Subject Term: APENNINES (Italy); Subject Term: ITALY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Apennines; Author-Supplied Keyword: chlorine 36; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmogenic dating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Italy; Author-Supplied Keyword: paleoseismology; Author-Supplied Keyword: seismotectonic; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.06.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mukerjee, S.
AU  - Yang, X.Q.
AU  - Sun, X.
AU  - Lee, S.J.
AU  - McBreen, J.
AU  - Ein-Eli, Y.
T1  - In situ synchrotron X-ray studies on copper–nickel 5 V Mn oxide spinel cathodes for Li-ion batteries
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/08/30/
VL  - 49
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3373
EP  - 3382
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Partial substitution of Mn in lithium manganese oxide spinel materials by Cu and Ni greatly affects the electrochemistry and the cycle life characteristics of the cathode. Substitution with either metal or a combination of both metals in the spinel lattice structure reduces the 3.9–4.2 V potential plateaus associated with the conversion of Mn3+ to Mn4+. Higher potential plateau associated with oxidation of the substituted transition elements is also observed. These substituents also significantly alter the onset of Jahn–Teller distortions in the 3 V potential plateau. Synchrotron based in situ X-ray absorption (XAS) was used to determine the exact nature of the oxidation state changes in order to explain the overall observed capacities at different potential plateaus. The studies on LiCu0.5Mn1.5O4 show single phase behavior in the 4–5 V potential region with a good cycle life. Lower cycle life characteristic observed in cycling LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and LiNi0.25Cu0.25Mn1.5O4 versus Li metal are ascribed to coexistence of several phases in this potential region. However, LiCu0.5Mn1.5O4 shows onset of Jahn–Teller distortions in the 3 V potential plateau, in contrast to LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and LiNi0.25Cu0.25Mn1.5O4 cathode materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELECTROLYTIC oxidation
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - Copper–nickel 5 V cathode materials
KW  - Li-ion batteries
KW  - Mn oxide spinel cathodes
KW  - Synchrotron X-ray studies
N1  - Accession Number: 13236258; Mukerjee, S. 1; Email Address: s.mukerjee@neu.edu Yang, X.Q. 2 Sun, X. 2 Lee, S.J. 2 McBreen, J. 2 Ein-Eli, Y. 3; Email Address: eineli@tx.technion.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA  2: Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Department of Materials Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 49 Issue 20, p3373; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTIC oxidation; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper–nickel 5 V cathode materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mn oxide spinel cathodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron X-ray studies; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.03.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13236258&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pellicena, Patricia
AU  - Karow, David S.
AU  - Boon, Elizabeth M.
AU  - Marletta, Michael A.
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Crystal structure of an oxygen-binding heme domain related to soluble guanylate cyclases.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/08/31/
VL  - 101
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 12854
EP  - 12859
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Soluble guanylate cyclases are nitric oxide-responsive signaling proteins in which the nitric oxide sensor is a heme-binding domain of unknown structure that we have termed the heme-NO and oxygen binding (H-NOX) domain. H-NOX domains are also found in bacteria, either as isolated domains, or are fused through a membrane-spanning region to methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins. We have determined the crystal structure of an oxygen-binding H-NOX domain of one such signaling protein from the obligate anaerobe Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis at 1.77-Å resolution, revealing a protein fold unrelated to known structures. Particularly striking is the structure of the protoporphyrin IX group, which is distorted from planarity to an extent not seen before in protein- bound heme groups. Comparison of the structure of the H-NOX domain in two different crystal forms suggests a mechanism whereby alteration in the degree of distortion of the heme group is coupled to changes on the molecular surface of the H-NOX domain and potentially to changes in intermolecular interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GUANYLATE cyclase
KW  - NITRIC oxide
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - CHEMOTAXIS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14562656; Pellicena, Patricia 1 Karow, David S. 2 Boon, Elizabeth M. 3 Marletta, Michael A. 1,3 Kuriyan, John 1,3,4; Email Address: kuriyan@berketey.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ml 48109.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.; Source Info: 8/31/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 35, p12854; Subject Term: GUANYLATE cyclase; Subject Term: NITRIC oxide; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: CHEMOTAXIS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0405188101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tan, O.K.
AU  - Cao, W.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Zhu, W.
T1  - Nanostructured oxides by high-energy ball milling technique: application as gas sensing materials
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/08/31/
VL  - 172
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 316
SN  - 01672738
AB  - It is commonly believed that the gas sensitivity can be improved with the use of nanosized materials for the sensing layer. In this paper, we present several types of nanosized metal oxide semiconductor materials that have been successfully synthesized for the sensing of both ethanol and oxygen gases. Using the high-energy ball milling process, stable nanoparticle powders down to a few nanometers can be obtained at room temperature. For ethanol gas sensing application, nanosized α-Fe2O3-based solid solutions mixed separately with different mole percents of SnO2, ZrO2 and TiO2 are synthesized and fabricated into thick film sensor devices. In the case of oxygen sensing application, stabilized zirconia-based and TiO2-based solid solutions mixed with different mole percents of α-Fe2O3 are synthesized as the sensing materials. All the nanosized oxide materials are systematically characterized using XRD, and the fabricated sensor devices are characterized for their electrical and sensing properties. The sensing properties are compared and analyzed and the electrochemical reaction mechanisms are explained for the different types of sensing materials. The effects of the nanosize on the sensing properties are investigated. In the case of ethanol sensing, the α-Fe2O3–SnO2 and α-Fe2O3–ZrO2 materials are found to be most suitable whereas for the oxygen sensing, the ZrO2–α-Fe2O3 type is useful for low temperature application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - 81.07.-b
KW  - Ethanol
KW  - Gas sensors
KW  - High-energy ball milling
KW  - Nanostructured
KW  - Oxygen
N1  - Accession Number: 14785718; Tan, O.K. 1; Email Address: eoktan@ntu.edu.sg Cao, W. 2 Hu, Y. 1 Zhu, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Microelectronics Center, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Nanyang 639798, Singapore  2: C-ACS, MS K484, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 172 Issue 1-4, p309; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.07.-b; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-energy ball milling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructured; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.02.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller, Thomasin C.
AU  - Sparks, Christopher M.
AU  - Havrilla, George J.
AU  - Beebe, Meredith R.
T1  - Semiconductor applications of nanoliter droplet methodology with total reflection x-ray fluorescence analysis
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2004/08/31/
VL  - 59
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1117
EP  - 1124
SN  - 05848547
AB  - In this study, the nanoliter dried spot method was applied to semiconductor contamination analysis to enhance vapor phase decomposition processes with total reflection X-ray fluorescence detection. Nanoliter-sized droplets (10 and 50 nl) were deposited onto native silicon oxide wafer surfaces in a clean room environment from both single and multielemental standards containing various concentrations of iron in different matrices. Direct comparisons were made to droplets formed by conventional VPD with similar iron standards. Nanoliter dried spots could be reproducibly deposited and dried in air with typical drying times ranging from 20 s to 2 min depending on the nanoliter volume deposited, compared to VPD spots which have drying times ranging from tens of minutes to several hours. Both types of residues showed a linear relationship between Fe intensity and mass deposited. Variable angle experiments showed that both nanoliter and VPD deposits of single element standards were film-like in character, while residues formed from much more complex matrices and higher mass loadings were particulate in character. For the experimental conditions used in this study (30 kV, 100 mA), typical TXRF spectral Fe limits of detection were calculated to be on the order of picograms or ∼1×1010 atoms/cm2 for a 0.8 cm2 X-ray excitation beam area for both nanoliter dried spots and VPD spots prepared from single elemental standards. Calculated Fe detection limits for 200 mm diameter silicon wafers used in this study were in the ∼1×108 atoms/cm2 range. By using nanoliter sized droplets, the required sample volume is greatly reduced resulting in higher sample throughput than with conventional VPD methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - FLUORIMETRY
KW  - Micro X-ray fluorescence
KW  - Nanoliter dried spot deposition
KW  - Silicon wafer analysis
KW  - Total reflection X-ray fluorescence
KW  - Vapor phase decomposition
N1  - Accession Number: 14513456; Miller, Thomasin C. 1 Sparks, Christopher M. 2 Havrilla, George J. 1; Email Address: havrilla@lanl.gov Beebe, Meredith R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K484, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Process Characterization Laboratory, International SEMATECH, Austin, TX 78741, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 59 Issue 8, p1117; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: FLUORIMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micro X-ray fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoliter dried spot deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon wafer analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Total reflection X-ray fluorescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vapor phase decomposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sab.2003.11.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muramatsu, Yasuji
AU  - Yamashita, Michiru
AU  - Motoyama, Muneyuki
AU  - Denlinger, Jonathan D.
AU  - Gullikson, Eric M.
AU  - Perera, Rupert C.C.
T1  - Evaluation of carbon films on the Japanese smoked roof tile “Ibushi-Kawara” by angle-dependent soft X-ray emission spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2004/08/31/
VL  - 59
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1317
EP  - 1322
SN  - 05848547
AB  - Surface carbon films on the Japanese smoked roof tile “Ibushi-Kawara” (hereafter “Kawara”) were analyzed by angle-dependent soft X-ray emission spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. The carbon film microstructure on typical Kawara is 50% carbon-black-like sp2 carbon atoms, which form layer-structured clusters parallel to the basal clay plane, and 50% carbon-black-like atoms, which form random-structured clusters that rigidly connect the layer-structured clusters. Weathered Kawara that has been exposed to sea breezes for numerous years was analyzed to understand the weathering effect from a microstructure point of view. The main weathering effect was the removal of the carbon film. It was also determined that the black stripes, which appear on the degraded “Susumaki” Kawara, are made from random-structured carbon black. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - THIN films
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - Angle-dependent soft X-ray emission spectroscopy
KW  - Carbon films
KW  - Ibushi-Kawara
N1  - Accession Number: 14513486; Muramatsu, Yasuji 1; Email Address: murama@spring8.or.jp Yamashita, Michiru 2 Motoyama, Muneyuki 2 Denlinger, Jonathan D. 3 Gullikson, Eric M. 3 Perera, Rupert C.C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Kansai Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan  2: Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Technology, 3-1-1-2, Yukihira, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037, Japan  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Aug2004, Vol. 59 Issue 8, p1317; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Angle-dependent soft X-ray emission spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ibushi-Kawara; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sab.2004.05.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, Timothy A.
AU  - Gilbert, John R.
AU  - Larimore, Stefan I.
AU  - Ng, Esmond G.
T1  - A Column Approximate Minimum Degree Ordering Algorithm.
JO  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
JF  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 376
SN  - 00983500
AB  - This article discusses column approximate minimum degree ordering algorithm. Sparse Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting computes the factorization PAQ = LU for the sparse nonsymmetric matrix A, where P and Q are permutation matrices, L is a lower triangular matrix, and U is an upper triangular matrix. Researchers have shown that sparse partial pivoting can be implemented in time proportional to the number of floating point operations required. The method is used by the sparse matrix package, SuperLU, and was the first method for sparse LU factorization in MATLAB. The goal is to compute a sparsity-preserving permutation Q solely from the pattern of A that limits the worst-case number of nonzeros in the LU factorization PAQ = LU. The fill-in also depends on P, but Q is selected to reduce an upper bound on the fill-in for any subsequent choice of P. Throughout this article, and in the algorithms, researchers assume that exact numerical cancellations do not occur.
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
KW  - COMBINATORIAL analysis
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 14856388; Davis, Timothy A. 1 Gilbert, John R. 2 Larimore, Stefan I. 3 Ng, Esmond G. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Florida  2: University of California, Santa Barbara  3: Microsoft, Inc.  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p353; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, Timothy A.
AU  - Gilbert, John R.
AU  - Larimore, Stefan I.
AU  - Ng, Esmond G.
T1  - Algorithm 836: COLAMD, A Column Approximate Minimum Degree Ordering Algorithm.
JO  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
JF  - ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 380
SN  - 00983500
AB  - This article discusses Algorithm 836: COLAMD, a column approximate minimum degree ordering algorithm. Sparse partial pivoting methods compute the factorization PAQ = LU by first finding a column ordering Q. The column ordering Q is selected without regard to the numerical values. The row permutation P is found via standard partial pivoting, without regard to sparsity. The goal is to find Q to limit the worst-case fill-in, regardless of how P is subsequently chosen. COLAMD computes a column ordering Q, given the nonzero pattern of the sparse m-by-n matrix A. It is based on an approximate minimum degree method. The code can be used in two contexts: as a MATLAB mexFunction, and as a C-callable routine. There is an optional input argument that modifies how COLAMD treats matrices having rows and columns with many nonzero entries, and an optional output argument that gives statistics on the ordering. The MATLAB COLAMD function first calls the colaind.c code via the colamdmex.c routine, and then computes a column elimination tree post-ordering, via MATLAB's built-in coletree function.
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - COMBINATORIAL analysis
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 14856389; Davis, Timothy A. 1 Gilbert, John R. 2 Larimore, Stefan I. 3 Ng, Esmond G. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Florida  2: University of California, Santa Barbara  3: Microsoft, Inc.  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p377; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL analysis; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sekar, K.
AU  - Rajakannan, V.
AU  - Velmurugan, D.
AU  - Yamane, T.
AU  - Thurumurugan, R.
AU  - Dauter, M.
AU  - Dauter, Z.
T1  - A redetermination of the structure of the triple mutant (K53,56,120M) of phospholipase A2 at 1.6 Å resolution using sulfur-SAS at 1.54 Å wavelength.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 60
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1586
EP  - 1590
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The crystal structure of the triple mutant K53,56,120M of bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 has been redetermined using sulfur single-wavelength anomalous scattering. The synchrotron data were collected at &lemda;1.54 Å and the crystal diffracted to 1.6 A resolution. The program SOLVE was used to locate the heavy atoms and to estimate the initial phases and the resulting map was then subjected to RESOLVE. The output of 455 non-H atoms, including 12 S atoms, one calcium ion and one chloride ion, were then subjected to ARP/wARP followed by REFMA C. With the improved phases, the automatic model building successfully built more than 85% of the 123 residues, excluding the N- and C-terminal residues. The final crystallographic R factor is 17.7% (Rfree = 21.7%). The refined model consists of 954 non-H protein atoms, 165 water O atoms, three 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) molecules, one calcium ion and one chloride ion. The present work is yet another example that shows the utility of single- wavelength anomalous scattering data for solving a protein structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPASES
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - CHLORIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CALCIUM ions
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14300268; Sekar, K. 1,2; Email Address: sekar@physics.iisc.ernet.in Rajakannan, V. 3 Velmurugan, D. 3 Yamane, T. 4 Thurumurugan, R. 5 Dauter, M. 6 Dauter, Z. 6; Affiliation:  1: Bioinformatics Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India.  2: Supercomputer Education and Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India.  3: Department of Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.  4: Department of Biotechnology and Biomaterial Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.  5: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Ullmann Building, Room 315, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.  6: SAIC-Frederick Inc., Basic Research Program, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 725A-X9, Upton, NY 11973, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 60 Issue 9, p1586; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPASES; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: CHLORIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CALCIUM ions; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11071S090744490401 697X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jancarik, Jarmila
AU  - Pufan, Ramona
AU  - Hong, Connie
AU  - Kim, Sung-hou
AU  - Kim, Rosalind
T1  - Optimum solubility (OS) screening: an efficient method to optimize buffer conditions for homogeneity and crystallization of proteins.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 60
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1670
EP  - 1673
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The article focuses on optimum solubility screening, an efficient method to optimize buffer conditions for homogeneity and crystallization of proteins. 24 different buffers ranging from pH 3 to pH 10 are screened using a vapor-diffusion method and very small amounts of protein. The solubility of the protein is first determined by visual examination using a light microscope and those drops that remain clear after 24 hour are further evaluated using dynamic light scattering. The ease of use of this screen and the capability of testing many conditions makes this a very efficient means of searching for the best solvent condition for a particular protein.
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - HOMOGENEITY
KW  - MICROSCOPES
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - SOLVENTS
N1  - Accession Number: 14300442; Jancarik, Jarmila 1 Pufan, Ramona 1 Hong, Connie 1 Kim, Sung-hou 1,2 Kim, Rosalind 1; Email Address: r_kim@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 60 Issue 9, p1670; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: HOMOGENEITY; Subject Term: MICROSCOPES; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11071S0907444904010972
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mortveit, H. S.
AU  - Reidys, C. M.
T1  - NEUTRAL EVOLUTION AND MUTATION RATES OF SEQUENTIAL DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS.
JO  - Advances in Complex Systems
JF  - Advances in Complex Systems
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep-Dec2004
VL  - 7
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 418
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02195259
AB  - In this paper we study the evolution of sequential dynamical systems $(\mathsf{SDS})$ as a result of the erroneous replication of the SDS words. An $\mathsf{SDS}$ consists of (a) a finite, labeled graph Y in which each vertex has a state, (b) a vertex labeled sequence of functions (Fvi,Y), and (c) a word w, i.e. a sequence (w1,...,wk), where each wi is a Y-vertex. The function Fwi,Y updates the state of vertex wi as a function of the states of wi and its Y-neighbors and leaves the states of all other vertices fixed. The $\mathsf{SDS}$ over the word w and Y is the composed map: $[\mathfrak{F}_Y,w]=\prod_{i=1}^{k} F_{w_i}$. The word w represents the genotype of the $\mathsf{SDS}$ in a natural way. We will randomly flip consecutive letters of w with independent probability q and study the resulting evolution of the $\mathsf{SDS}$. We introduce combinatorial properties of $\mathsf{SDS}$ which allow us to construct a new distance measure $\mathsf{D}$ for words. We show that $\mathsf{D}$ captures the similarity of corresponding $\mathsf{SDS}$. We will use the distance measure $\mathsf{D}$ to study neutrality and mutation rates in the evolution of words. We analyze the structure of neutral networks of words and the transition of word populations between them. Furthermore, we prove the existence of a critical mutation rate beyond which a population of words becomes essentially randomly distributed, and the existence of an optimal mutation rate at which a population maximizes its mutant offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Complex Systems is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANDOM dynamical systems
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - TOPOLOGICAL dynamics
KW  - ACYCLIC model
KW  - acyclic orientations
KW  - error thresholds
KW  - neutral evolution
KW  - Sequential dynamical systems
N1  - Accession Number: 15910934; Mortveit, H. S. 1; Email Address: duck@santafe.edu Reidys, C. M. 1; Email Address: duck@santafe.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, CCS-5, 87545 Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Sep-Dec2004, Vol. 7 Issue 3/4, p395; Subject Term: RANDOM dynamical systems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: TOPOLOGICAL dynamics; Subject Term: ACYCLIC model; Author-Supplied Keyword: acyclic orientations; Author-Supplied Keyword: error thresholds; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutral evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential dynamical systems; Number of Pages: 24p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Pan, Lehua
AU  - Pruess, Karsten
T1  - A physically based approach for modeling multiphase fracture–matrix interaction in fractured porous media
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 27
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 875
EP  - 887
SN  - 03091708
AB  - A physically based numerical approach is presented for modeling fracture–matrix interaction, which is a key issue for fractured reservoir simulation. Commonly used mathematical models for dealing with such interactions employ a dual- or multiple-continuum concept, in which fractures and matrix are represented as overlapping, different, but interconnected continua, described by parallel sets of conservation equations. The conventional single-point upstream weighting scheme, in which the fracture relative permeability is used to represent the counterpart at the fracture–matrix interface, is the most common scheme by which to estimate flow mobility for fracture–matrix flow terms. However, such a scheme has a serious flaw, which may lead to unphysical solutions or significant numerical errors. To overcome the limitation of the conventional upstream weighting scheme, this paper presents a physically based modeling approach for estimating physically correct relative permeability in calculating multiphase flow between fractures and the matrix, using continuity of capillary pressure at the fracture–matrix interface. The proposed approach has been implemented into two multiphase reservoir simulators and verified using analytical solutions and laboratory experimental data. The new method is demonstrated to be accurate, numerically efficient, and easy to implement in dual- or multiple-continuum models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Double-porosity model
KW  - Dual-continuum model
KW  - Fracture–matrix interaction
KW  - Naturally fractured reservoir
KW  - Relative permeability
N1  - Accession Number: 14580329; Wu, Yu-Shu; Email Address: yswu@lbl.gov Pan, Lehua 1 Pruess, Karsten 1; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 27 Issue 9, p875; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-porosity model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dual-continuum model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture–matrix interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Naturally fractured reservoir; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relative permeability; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.07.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yumei Lin
AU  - Dueker, Stephen R.
AU  - Follett, Jennifer R.
AU  - Fadel, James G.
AU  - Arjomand, Ali
AU  - Schneider, Philip D.
AU  - Miller, Joshua W.
AU  - Green, Ralph
AU  - Buchholz, Bruce A.
AU  - Vogel, John S.
AU  - Phair, Robert D.
AU  - Clifford, Andrew J.
T1  - Quantitation of in vivo human folate metabolism.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 80
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 680
EP  - 691
SN  - 00029165
AB  - Background: A quantitative understanding of human folate metabolism is needed. Objective: The objective was to quantify and interpret human folate metabolism as it might occur in vivo. Design: Adults (n = 13) received 0.5 nmol [14C]pteroylmonoglu-tamate (100 nCi radioactivity) plus 79.5 nmol pteroylmonogluta-mate in water orally. 14C was measured in plasma, erythrocytes, urine, and feces for ⩾40 d. Kinetic modeling was used to analyze and interpret the data. Results: According to the data, the population was healthy and had a mean dietary folate intake of 1046 nmol/d, and the apparent dose absorption of14C was 79%. The model predictions showed that only 0.25% of plasma folate was destined for marrow, mean bile folate flux was 5351 nmol/d, and the digestibility of the mix(1046 + 5351 nmol/d) was 92%. About 33% of visceral pteroylmonoglutamate was converted to the polyglutamate form, most of the body folate was visceral (>99%), most of the visceral folate was pteroylpoly-glutamate (>98%), total body folate was 225 fx mol, and pteroyl-polyglutamate synthesis, recycling, and catabolism were 1985, 1429, and 556 nmol/d, respectively. Mean residence times were 0.525 d as visceral pteroylmonoglutamate, 119 d as visceral pteroyl-polyglutamate, 0.0086 d as plasma folate, and 0.1 d as gastrointestinal folate. Conclusions: Across subjects, folate absorption, bile folate flux, and body folate stores were larger than prior estimates. Marrow folate uptake and pteroylpolyglutamate synthesis, recycling, and catabolism are saturable processes. Visceral pteroylpolyglutamate was an immediate precursor of plasmap-aminobenzoylglutamate. The model is a working hypothesis with derived features that are explicitly model-dependent. It successfully quantitated folate metabolism, encouraging further rigorous testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is the property of American Society for Nutrition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - 14C
KW  - accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - Folate
KW  - kinetic model
KW  - metabolism
N1  - Accession Number: 94377424; Yumei Lin 1; Dueker, Stephen R. 1; Follett, Jennifer R. 1; Fadel, James G. 2; Arjomand, Ali 1; Schneider, Philip D. 3; Miller, Joshua W. 4; Green, Ralph 4; Buchholz, Bruce A. 5; Vogel, John S. 5; Phair, Robert D. 6; Clifford, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: ajclifford@ucdavis.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis; 2: Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis; 3: Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento; 4: Pathology Department, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento; 5: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; 6: Integrative BioInformatics Inc, Rockville, MD; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 80 Issue 3, p680; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14C; Author-Supplied Keyword: accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Folate; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolism; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoyt, Peter R.
AU  - Doktycz, Mitchel J.
T1  - Optimized beadmilling of tissues for high-throughput RNA production and microarray-based analyses
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 332
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 100
EP  - 108
SN  - 00032697
AB  - The preparation of RNA samples has become the rate-limiting step when performing genome-scale analyses by DNA microarrays. Methods to improve throughput of RNA isolation from tissues are needed. The effects of bead size and composition for disrupting mouse tissues have been evaluated in small centrifuge tubes and optimized for RNA production. The resulting process is inexpensive, resistant to cross-contamination, and amenable to robotic processing. After optimization, very-high-quality RNA can be produced. Comparisons between RNAs isolated by beadmilling (followed by solid-phase purification) and those by conventional isolation processes show that RNA produced by beadmilling is suitable for microarray analyses. Parallel implementation of beadmilling will enable a high-throughput tissue-to-RNA processing system for large-scale microarray analyses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Biochemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RNA
KW  - DNA
KW  - TISSUES
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - Beadmilling
KW  - DNA array
KW  - High throughput
KW  - Microarray
KW  - Sample preparation
N1  - Accession Number: 14037234; Hoyt, Peter R. 1,2; Email Address: hoytpr@ornl.gov Doktycz, Mitchel J. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Genome Sciences and Technology Program, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA  3: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 332 Issue 1, p100; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: TISSUES; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beadmilling; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA array; Author-Supplied Keyword: High throughput; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microarray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sample preparation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ab.2004.04.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Yumei
AU  - Hillegonds, Darren J.
AU  - Gertz, Erik R.
AU  - Van Loan, Marta D.
AU  - Vogel, John S.
T1  - Protocol for assessing bone health in humans by tracing long-lived 41Ca isotope in urine, serum, and saliva samples
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 332
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 195
SN  - 00032697
N1  - Accession Number: 14037246; Lin, Yumei 1; Email Address: yumei.lin@accessbusinessgroup.com Hillegonds, Darren J. 2 Gertz, Erik R. 3 Van Loan, Marta D. 1,3 Vogel, John S. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8669, USA  2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-397, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8669, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 332 Issue 1, p193; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ab.2004.05.019
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14037246&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reichmuth, David S.
AU  - Shepodd, Timothy J.
AU  - Kirby, Brian J.
T1  - On-Chip High-Pressure Picoliter Injector for Pressure-Driven Flow through Porous Media.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5063
EP  - 5068
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A high-pressure (>3 MPa) on-chip injector has been developed for microchip applications including HPLC. The mechanical injector is implemented using in situ photopolymerization of fluorinated acrylates inside wet-etched silica microchips. The injector allows reproducible injections as small as 180 pL with <250 ms duration. The injector operated robustly over 60 days and over 1000 injections. The injector is unique among polymer-based valves as it functions in aqueous, acetonitrile, and mixed buffers at high pressures without detectable leakage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION
KW  - ACRYLIC acid
KW  - SILICON
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ACETONITRILE
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14430804; Reichmuth, David S. 1 Shepodd, Timothy J. 1 Kirby, Brian J. 1; Email Address: bk88@cornell.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, P.O. Box 969 MS 9951, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 17, p5063; Subject Term: PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; Subject Term: ACRYLIC acid; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ACETONITRILE; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kornreich, Drew E.
AU  - Parsons, D. Kent
T1  - The Green's function method for effective multiplication benchmark calculations in multi-region slab geometry
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 31
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 1477
EP  - 1494
SN  - 03064549
AB  - There are relatively few benchmark-quality solutions for effective multiplication calculations in multi-region multiplying systems. The purpose of this paper is to describe and add a benchmark-quality calculation for such test problems. Green''s functions are used to model a multi-region, one-group, isotropically scattering, multiplying system in Cartesian geometry to obtain boundary flux values for an eigenvalue search and subsequent eigenfunction calculation. As usual with multi-region Cartesian systems, the solution is facilitated using (1) Placzek''s lemma, which allows us to consider a multi-region system one region at a time as an infinite medium, and (2) the calculation of the Green''s function solution for a nonphysical infinite multiplying medium. The Green''s function method is aesthetically pleasing both for its calculational efficiency and pedagogical clarity, and can, under certain circumstances, perform better than a discrete ordinates code. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Nuclear Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Benchmarking (Management)
KW  - Geometry -- Problems, exercises, etc.
KW  - Euclid's elements
KW  - Geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 13387353; Kornreich, Drew E.; Email Address: drewek@lanl.gov; Parsons, D. Kent 1; Email Address: dkp@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS F609, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 31 Issue 13, p1477; Subject Term: Benchmarking (Management); Subject Term: Geometry -- Problems, exercises, etc.; Subject Term: Euclid's elements; Subject Term: Geometry; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.03.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lisle, John T.
AU  - Hamilton, Martin A.
AU  - Willse, Alan R.
AU  - McFeters, Gordon A.
T1  - Comparison of Fluorescence Microscopy and Solid-Phase Cytometry Methods for Counting Bacteria in Water.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 70
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5343
EP  - 5348
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Total direct counts of bacterial abundance are central in assessing the biomass and bacteriological quality of water in ecological and industrial applications. Several factors have been identified that contribute to the variability in bacterial abundance counts when using fluorescent microscopy, the most significant of which is retaining an adequate number of cells per filter to ensure an acceptable level of statistical confidence in the resulting data. Previous studies that have assessed the components of total-direct-count methods that contribute to this variance have attempted to maintain a bacterial cell abundance value per filter of approximately 106 cells filter-1. In this study we have established the lower limit for the number of bacterial cells per filter at which the statistical reliability of the abundance estimate is no longer acceptable. Our results indicate that when the numbers of bacterial cells per filter were progressively reduced below 105, the microscopic methods increasingly overestimated the true bacterial abundance (range, 15.0 to 99.3%). The solid-phase cytometer only slightly overestimated the true bacterial abundances and was more consistent over the same range of bacterial abundances per filter (range, 8.9 to 12.5%). The solid-phase cytometer method for conducting total direct counts of bacteria was less biased and performed significantly better than any of the microscope methods. It was also found that microscopic count data from counting 5 fields on three separate filters were statistically equivalent to data from counting 20 fields on a single filter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - WATER quality
KW  - FLUORESCENCE microscopy
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
KW  - BACTERIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14519495; Lisle, John T. 1; Email Address: jlisle@usgs.gov Hamilton, Martin A. 2 Willse, Alan R. 2,3 McFeters, Gordon A. 4; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Geological Service Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies, St. Petersburg, Florida  2: Center for Biofilm Engineering Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana  3: Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352  4: Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 70 Issue 9, p5343; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: WATER quality; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE microscopy; Subject Term: MICROBIAL ecology; Subject Term: BACTERIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5343-5348.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qi Ye
AU  - Roh, Yul
AU  - Carroll, Susan L.
AU  - Blair, Benjamin
AU  - Jizhong Zhou
AU  - Zhang, Chuanlun L.
AU  - Fields, Matthew W.
T1  - Alkaline Anaerobic Respiration: Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Alkaliphilic and Metal-Reducing Bacterium.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 70
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5595
EP  - 5602
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Iron-reducing enrichments were obtained from leachate ponds at the U.S. Borax Company in Boron, Calif. Based on partial small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences (approximately 500 nucleotides), six isolates shared 98.9% nucleotide identity. As a representative, the isolate QYMF was selected for further analysis. QYMF could be grown with Fe(III)-citrate, Fe(III)-EDTA, Co(III)-EDTA, or Cr(VI) as electron acceptors, and yeast extract and lactate could serve as electron donors. Growth during iron reduction occurred over the pH range of 7.5 to 11.0 (optimum, pH 9.5), a sodium chloride range of 0 to 80 g/liter (optimum, 20 g/liter), and a temperature range of 4 to 45°C (optimum, approximately 357deg;C), and iron precipitates were formed. QYMF was a strict anaerobe that could be grown in the presence of borax, and the cells were straight rods that produced endospores. Sodium chloride and yeast extract stimulated growth. Phylogenetic analysis of the SSU rRNA gene indicated that the bacterium was a low-G+C gram-positive microorganism and had 96 and 92% nucleotide identity with Alkaliphilus transvaalensis and Alkaliphilus crotonatoxidans, respectively. The major phospholipid fatty acids were 14:1, 16:1ω7c, and 16:0, which were different from those of other alkaliphiles but similar to those of reported iron-reducing bacteria. The results demonstrated that the isolate might represent a novel metal-reducing alkaliphilic species. The name Alkaliphilus metalliredigens sp. nov. is proposed. The isolation and activity of metal-reducing bacteria from borax-contaminated leachate ponds suggest that bioremediation of metal-contaminated alkaline environments may be feasible and have implications for alkaline anaerobic respiration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - FATTY acids
N1  - Accession Number: 14519524; Qi Ye 1,2 Roh, Yul 3 Carroll, Susan L. 3 Blair, Benjamin 4 Jizhong Zhou 3 Zhang, Chuanlun L. 1,5 Fields, Matthew W. 3,6; Email Address: fieldsmw@muohio.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri  2: Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602  3: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  4: Department of Biology, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, Alabama  5: Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC 29802  6: Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 70 Issue 9, p5595; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: FATTY acids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5595-5602.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beller, Harry R.
AU  - Madrid, Vic
AU  - Bryant Hudson, G.
AU  - McNab, Walt W.
AU  - Carlsen, Tina
T1  - Biogeochemistry and natural attenuation of nitrate in groundwater at an explosives test facility
JO  - Applied Geochemistry
JF  - Applied Geochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1483
EP  - 1494
SN  - 08832927
AB  - An interdisciplinary study was conducted to characterize the distribution and fate of NO3- in groundwater at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Site 300, a high-explosives test facility in the semi-arid Altamont Hills of California. Site 300 groundwater contains NO3- concentrations ranging from <f><</f>0.5 to <f>></f>200 mg NO3-/L. Several lines of evidence strongly suggest that denitrification is naturally attenuating NO3- in the confined, O2-depleted region of the bedrock aquifer under study (Tnbs2): (a) both NO3- and dissolved O2(DO) concentrations in groundwater decrease dramatically as groundwater flows from unconfined to confined aquifer conditions, (b) stable isotope signatures (i.e., <f>δ</f>15N and <f>δ</f>18O) of groundwater NO3- indicate a trend of isotopic enrichment that is characteristic of denitrification, and (c) dissolved N2 gas, the product of denitrification, was highly elevated in NO3--depleted groundwater in the confined region of the Tnbs2 aquifer. Long-term NO3- concentrations were relatively high and constant in recharge-area monitoring wells (typically 70–100 mg NO3-/L) and relatively low and constant in the downgradient confined region (typically <f><</f>0.1–3 mg NO3-/L), suggesting a balance between rates of NO3- loading and removal by denitrification. Chemolithoautotrophic denitrification with pyrite as the electron donor is plausible in the Tnbs2 aquifer, based on the low dissolved organic C concentrations (<f><</f>1.5 mg/L) that could not support heterotrophic denitrification, the common occurrence of disseminated pyrite in the aquifer, and the trend of increasing SO2-4 as groundwater flows from aerobic, unconfined to anoxic, confined aquifer conditions. Nitrate sources were investigated by experimentally determining the δ15N and δ18O signatures of NO3- from three potential anthropogenic sources of NO3- at Site 300: Ba(NO3)2 (mock explosive), HNO3, and photolysis of the explosive RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine). The isotopic signatures of these potential NO3- sources were markedly different than those of NO3- in Tnbs2 groundwater samples, suggesting that other sources must contribute significantly to the NO3- loading at Site 300. In particular, NO3- and NO2- resulting from RDX photolysis reflected dramatically depleted δ15N (ca. <f>-7.4‰</f>) and δ18O (ca. <f>-25.7‰</f>) values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Groundwater flow
KW  - Biogeochemistry
KW  - Attenuation (Physics)
KW  - Testing laboratories
N1  - Accession Number: 13387510; Beller, Harry R.; Email Address: beller2@llnl.gov; Madrid, Vic 1; Bryant Hudson, G. 1; McNab, Walt W. 1; Carlsen, Tina 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, L-542, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1483; Thesaurus Term: Groundwater flow; Subject Term: Biogeochemistry; Subject Term: Attenuation (Physics); Subject Term: Testing laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2003.12.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X. R.
AU  - Xu, X.
AU  - Rubenchik, A. M.
T1  - Simulation of microscale densification during femtosecond laser processing of dielectric materials.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 79
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 945
EP  - 948
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - It has been demonstrated that femtosecond laser pulses can be used to process dielectric materials such as optical glass. One of the applications of this process is to produce sub-diffraction-limit structures whose index of refraction is different from that of the host medium. Due to the small size of these ‘bits’, it has been proposed to use this technique for high-density optical data storage. This paper is concerned with the mechanisms of the change of the index of refraction in such a small domain. We propose that the laser-induced strain field is responsible for the localized change of the index of refraction. It is demonstrated that the compressive strain field could be smaller than the area where the laser energy is absorbed in the glass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - OPTICAL glass
KW  - OPTICAL disk drives
KW  - DIELECTRIC devices
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SPECTRAL irradiance
N1  - Accession Number: 13835093; Zhang, X. R. 1 Xu, X. 1; Email Address: xxu@ecn.purdue.edu Rubenchik, A. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA  2: Mail stop L399, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 79 Issue 4-6, p945; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: OPTICAL glass; Subject Term: OPTICAL disk drives; Subject Term: DIELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SPECTRAL irradiance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00339-004-2576-3
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reif, J.
AU  - Costache, F.
AU  - Eckert, S.
AU  - Henyk, M.
T1  - Mechanisms of ultra-short laser pulse ablation from ionic crystals.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 79
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1229
EP  - 1231
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - In ultra-short laser pulse ablation from dielectric crystals two different ablation regimes are observed: 1) At laser intensities well below the single shot damage threshold, Coulomb explosion upon multiphoton surface ionization is the dominant process, yielding electrons and fast positive ions. 2) At higher laser intensities, ablation exhibits signs of hyper-thermal emission (phase explosion) as a result of rapid hot electron thermalization. This regime is characterized by massive etching, mostly of neutral particles. The transition from regime one to two is associated with the appearance of an additional, slower group of positive ions, saturation in the positive ion yield, and the occurrence of negative ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ETCHING
KW  - ANIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 13835197; Reif, J. 1; Email Address: reif@tu-cottbus.de Costache, F. 1 Eckert, S. 1 Henyk, M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: LS Experimentalphysik II, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus, and IHP/BTU JointLab, Universitätsplatz 3­4, 03044 Cottbus, Germany  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, 99352 Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 79 Issue 4-6, p1229; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ETCHING; Subject Term: ANIONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00339-004-2724-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sandiford, Mike
AU  - Wallace, Malcolm
AU  - Coblentz, David
T1  - Origin of the in situ stress field in south-eastern Australia.
JO  - Basin Research
JF  - Basin Research
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
EP  - 338
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0950091X
AB  - The in situ stress field of south-eastern Australia inferred from earthquake focal mechanisms and bore-hole breakouts is unusual in that it is characterised by large obliquity between the maximum horizontal compressive stress orientation ( SHmax) and the absolute plate motion azimuth. The evolution of the neotectonic strain field deduced from historical seismicity and both onshore and offshore faulting records is used to address the origin of this unusual stress field. Strain rates derived from estimates of the seismic moment release rate (up to ∼10−16 s−1) are compatible with Quaternary fault–slip rates. The record of more or less continuous tectonic activity extends back to the terminal Miocene or early Pliocene (10–5 Ma). Terminal Miocene tectonic activity was characterised by regional-scale tilting and local uplift and erosion, now best preserved by unconformities in offshore basins. Plate-scale stress modelling suggests the in situ stress field reflects increased coupling of the Australian and Pacific Plate boundary in the late Miocene, associated with the formation of the Southern Alps in New Zealand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Basin Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Earthquake zones
KW  - Seismic waves
KW  - Miocene paleoecology
KW  - Southern Alps/K¿ Tiritiri o te Moana (N.Z.)
KW  - Australia
KW  - New Zealand
N1  - Accession Number: 14228457; Sandiford, Mike 1; Email Address: mikes@unimelb.edu.au; Wallace, Malcolm 1; Coblentz, David 2; Affiliations: 1: School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p325; Thesaurus Term: Earthquake zones; Subject Term: Seismic waves; Subject Term: Miocene paleoecology; Subject Term: Southern Alps/K¿ Tiritiri o te Moana (N.Z.); Subject: Australia; Subject: New Zealand; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2117.2004.00235.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swanston, Christopher
AU  - Homann, Peter S.
AU  - Caldwell, Bruce A.
AU  - Myrold, David D.
AU  - Ganio, Lisa
AU  - Sollins, Phillip
T1  - Long-term effects of elevated nitrogen on forest soil organic matter stability.
JO  - Biogeochemistry
JF  - Biogeochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 70
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 252
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01682563
AB  - Nitrogen addition may alter the decomposition rate for different organic-matter pools in contrasting ways. Using a paired-plot design, we sought to determine the effects of long-term elevated N on the stability of five organic-matter pools: organic horizons (Oe+a), whole mineral soil (WS), mineral soil fractions including the light fraction (LF), heavy fraction (HF), and a physically recombined fraction (RF). These substrates were incubated for 300 days, and respiration, mineralized N, and active microbial biomass were measured. Samples with elevated N gave 15% lower cumulative respiration for all five substrates. Over the 300-day incubation, the Oe+a gave twice the cumulative respiration (g C kg-1 initial C) as the LF, which gave slightly higher respiration than the HF. Respiration was 35% higher for the WS than for the RF. Mineralized N was similar between N treatments and between the LF and HF. Net N mineralized by the LF over the course of the 300-day incubation decreased with higher C:N ratio, due presumably to N immobilization to meet metabolic demands. The pattern was opposite for HF, however, which could be explained by a release of N in excess of metabolic demands due to recalcitrance of the HF organic matter. Mineralized N increased with respiration for the HF but showed no pattern, or perhaps even decreased, for the LF. WS and RF showed decreasing active microbial biomass near the end of the incubation, which corresponded with decreasing respiration and increasing nitrate. Our results show that long-term elevated N stabilized organic matter in whole soil and soil fractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biogeochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Humus
KW  - Humification
KW  - Organic fertilizers
KW  - Soil composition
KW  - Soil testing
KW  - Agricultural chemistry
KW  - Soil mineralogy
KW  - C sequestration
KW  - Density fractionation
KW  - Soil organic matter
KW  - Stabilization
N1  - Accession Number: 15182859; Swanston, Christopher 1,2; Email Address: swanston@orst.edu; Homann, Peter S. 3; Caldwell, Bruce A. 1; Myrold, David D. 4; Ganio, Lisa 1; Sollins, Phillip 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; 2: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 L-397, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; 3: Department of Environmental Science, Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225-9181, USA; 4: Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 70 Issue 2, p229; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Humus; Thesaurus Term: Humification; Thesaurus Term: Organic fertilizers; Thesaurus Term: Soil composition; Thesaurus Term: Soil testing; Thesaurus Term: Agricultural chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Soil mineralogy; Author-Supplied Keyword: C sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density fractionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stabilization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238910 Site Preparation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choi, Chu H.
AU  - Sabourin, Nicaulas A.
AU  - Reagor, David W.
AU  - Redondo, Antonio
AU  - Usheva, Anny
T1  - Capacitance-derived dielectric constants demonstrate differential preinitiation complexes in TBP-independent and TBP-dependent transcription
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 111
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 14
SN  - 03014622
AB  - The electronic properties of proteins and DNA may change dramatically upon complex formation, yet there are not many experimental methods which can be used to measure these properties. It has been previously shown that measuring the capacitance of a solution containing interacting DNA and protein species can yield information about changing dipole moments. The measured dielectric constant relates directly to the dipole moment of the complexes in solution. Here, we apply this method to partial transcription initiation complexes in order to investigate the changing electronic properties in the transcriptional preinitiation complex. These experiments are the first reported observations relating to the overall dipole moment and its changes in preinitiation complex formation. Comparing results from TBP-independent and TBP-dependent transcriptional systems shows a divergence in the electronic properties of built-up transcription complexes, suggesting that they initiate transcription by significantly different electronic and structural pathways. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - Capacitance measurement of protein interactions
KW  - Dielectric constant
KW  - Specific protein–DNA interaction
KW  - TBP-dependent transcription
KW  - TBP-independent transcription
KW  - Transcription initiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14188762; Choi, Chu H. 1 Sabourin, Nicaulas A. 1 Reagor, David W. 2 Redondo, Antonio 3 Usheva, Anny 1; Email Address: ausheva@bidmc.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA  2: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 111 Issue 1, p9; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Author-Supplied Keyword: Capacitance measurement of protein interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dielectric constant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Specific protein–DNA interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: TBP-dependent transcription; Author-Supplied Keyword: TBP-independent transcription; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transcription initiation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bpc.2004.03.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carreras, B. A.
AU  - Lynch, V. E.
AU  - Dobson, I.
AU  - Newman, D. E.
T1  - Complex dynamics of blackouts in power transmission systems.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
EP  - 652
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - In order to study the complex global dynamics of a series of blackouts in power transmission systems a dynamical model of such a system has been developed. This model includes a simple representation of the dynamical evolution by incorporating the growth of power demand, the engineering response to system failures, and the upgrade of generator capacity. Two types of blackouts have been identified, each having different dynamical properties. One type of blackout involves the loss of load due to transmission lines reaching their load limits but no line outages. The second type of blackout is associated with multiple line outages. The dominance of one type of blackout over the other depends on operational conditions and the proximity of the system to one of its two critical points. The model displays characteristics such as a probability distribution of blackout sizes with power tails similar to that observed in real blackout data from North America. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWER transmission
KW  - ELECTRIC power failures
KW  - RELIABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - SYSTEM failures (Engineering)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14419008; Carreras, B. A. 1 Lynch, V. E. 1 Dobson, I. 2 Newman, D. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  2: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706.  3: Physics Department, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p643; Subject Term: POWER transmission; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power failures; Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Engineering); Subject Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Subject Term: SYSTEM failures (Engineering); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781391
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fern´andez-Garcia, M.
AU  - Martínez-Arias, A.
AU  - Hanson, J. C.
AU  - Rodriguez, J. A.
T1  - Nanostructured Oxides in Chemistry: Characterization and Properties.
JO  - Chemical Reviews
JF  - Chemical Reviews
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 104
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4063
EP  - 4104
SN  - 00092665
AB  - Examines the behavior and properties of nanostructured oxides in chemistry. Valence and core-level photoemission; Transport properties; Photochemical properties; Chemical reactivity and surface properties; Raman spectroscopy.
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14542713; Fern´andez-Garcia, M. 1 Martínez-Arias, A. 1 Hanson, J. C. Rodriguez, J. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Catãlisis y Petroleoqulmica, CSIC, C/ Marie Curie s/n, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049-Madrid, Spain  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 104 Issue 9, p4063; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 42p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 4 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Iorio, J. P.
AU  - Duffy, P. B.
AU  - Govindasamy, B.
AU  - Thompson, S.
AU  - Khairoutdinov, M.
AU  - Randall, D.
T1  - Effects of model resolution and subgrid-scale physics on the simulation of precipitation in the continental United States.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 258
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09307575
AB  - We analyze simulations of the global climate performed at a range of spatial resolutions to assess the effects of horizontal spatial resolution on the ability to simulate precipitation in the continental United States. The model investigated is the CCM3 general circulation model. We also preliminarily assess the effect of replacing cloud and convective parameterizations in a coarse-resolution (T42) model with an embedded cloud-system resolving model (CSRM). We examine both spatial patterns of seasonal-mean precipitation and daily time scale temporal variability of precipitation in the continental United States. For DJF and SON, high-resolution simulations produce spatial patterns of seasonal-mean precipitation that agree more closely with observed precipitation patterns than do results from the same model (CCM3) at coarse resolution. However, in JJA and MAM, there is little improvement in spatial patterns of seasonal-mean precipitation with increasing resolution, particularly in the southeast USA. This is because of the dominance of convective (i.e., parameterized) precipitation in these two seasons. We further find that higher-resolution simulations have more realistic daily precipitation statistics. In particular, the well-known tendency at coarse resolution to have too many days with weak precipitation and not enough intense precipitation is partially eliminated in higher-resolution simulations. However, even at the highest resolution examined here (T239), the simulated intensity of the mean and of high-percentile daily precipitation amounts is too low. This is especially true in the southeast USA, where the most extreme events occur. A new GCM, in which a cloud-resolving model (CSRM) is embedded in each grid cell and replaces convective and stratiform cloud parameterizations, solves this problem, and actually produces too much precipitation in the form of extreme events. However, in contrast to high-resolution versions of CCM3, this model produces little improvement in spatial patterns of seasonal-mean precipitation compared to models at the same resolution using traditional parameterizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - SEASONS
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 16398457; Iorio, J. P. 1 Duffy, P. B. 1; Email Address: pduffy@llnl.gov Govindasamy, B. 1 Thompson, S. 1 Khairoutdinov, M. 2 Randall, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA.  2: Colorado State University, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3/4, p243; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: SEASONS; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-004-0440-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sperber, K.
T1  - Madden-Julian variability in NCAR CAM2.0 and CCSM2.0.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 259
EP  - 278
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09307575
AB  - The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) dominates tropical variability on time scales of 30-70 days. During the boreal winter/spring it is manifested as an eastward propagating disturbance, with a strong convective signature over the eastern hemisphere. Here, 20-100 day bandpass filtered outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) for the months of November-March from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Atmospheric Model Version 2.0 (NCAR CAM2.0) and the Community Coupled System Model Version 2.0 (CCSM2.0) models is projected onto the observed patterns of MJO convection. This provides for the analysis of the models within a standard framework. Additionally, only analyzing years when the lead/lag relationship of the simulated principal components lie in the observed phase-space better isolates the simulated MJO signal. CCSM2.0 yields a better representation of the MJO than CAM2.0 due to the presence of air-sea interaction. Even so, the amplitude and spatial extent of the intraseasonal convection are underestimated relative to observed OLR, with a pronounced underestimate of the near-equatorial convection. Due to the development of a split inter-tropical convergence zone in the western Pacific, which is independent of the MJO, the models are precluded from representing the low-level moisture convergence that is central to the eastward propagation of the MJO. Once the systematic model error is remedied the underlying capability of the models to simulate the MJO will be possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - WINTER
KW  - ATMOSPHERE -- Research
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - EASTERN Hemisphere
N1  - Accession Number: 16398454; Sperber, K. 1; Email Address: sperber1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L- 103 Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3/4, p259; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: WINTER; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE -- Research; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: EASTERN Hemisphere; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-004-0447-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Richard M.
T1  - Effective properties for single size, rigid spherical inclusions in an elastic matrix
JO  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
JF  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 475
EP  - 482
SN  - 13598368
AB  - The main problem is that of determining the effective moduli for a compressible isotropic elastic medium containing single size, rigid, spherical inclusions at non-dilute concentrations. A solution is synthesized from available rigorous elasticity results that have been found under asymptotic conditions. Preliminary to obtaining this result for the compressible medium case, results are first found for the incompressible case over a range of rigid particle size distributions. All results extend from the dilute condition up through the full packing limit, which depends upon the size distribution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites: Part B, Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - Composite materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14102080; Christensen, Richard M. 1; Email Address: christensen@stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore CA 94550, USA and Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 35 Issue 6-8, p475; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite materials; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.compositesb.2004.04.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, H.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Liu, C.
T1  - Fracture analysis of facesheets in sandwich composites
JO  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
JF  - Composites: Part B, Engineering
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 551
EP  - 556
SN  - 13598368
AB  - There exist two fracture mechanisms in facesheets of sandwich composites consisting of the 0° and 90° plies, namely crack growth and crack blocking. The former is undesired since it may lead to failure of facesheets and even the core in sandwich composites. A shear-lag model is developed in this article and it gives a simple criterion governing these two mechanisms. It is established that, for a given ratio <f>Et/Ef</f> of the elastic moduli in the transverse and fiber directions, there exists a critical facesheet thickness above which crack blocking is achieved and crack growth is prevented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composites: Part B, Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - A. Fibres
KW  - A. Lamina/ply
KW  - B. Fracture
KW  - Shear-lag
N1  - Accession Number: 14102088; Jiang, H. 1 Huang, Y. 1; Email Address: huang9@uiuc.edu Liu, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  2: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 35 Issue 6-8, p551; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Fibres; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Lamina/ply; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shear-lag; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.compositesb.2004.01.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fattebert, Jean-Luc
AU  - Gygi, François
T1  - Linear scaling first-principles molecular dynamics with controlled accuracy
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 162
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 36
SN  - 00104655
AB  - In our quest for accurate linear scaling first-principles molecular dynamics methods for pseudopotential DFT calculations, we investigate the accuracy of real-space grid approaches, with finite differences and spherical localization regions. We examine how the positions of the localization centers affect accuracy and the convergence rate in the optimization process. In particular we investigate the accuracy of the atomic forces computation compared to the standard <f>O(N3)</f> approach. We show the exponential decay of the error on the energy and forces with the size of the localization regions for a variety of realistic physical systems. We propose a new algorithm to automatically adapt the localization centers during the ground state computation which allows for molecular dynamics simulations with diffusion processes. The combination of algorithms proposed lead to a genuine linear scaling First-Principles Molecular Dynamics method with controlled accuracy. We illustrate our approach with examples of microcanonical molecular dynamics with localized orbitals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MARKOV processes
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - 71.15.-m
KW  - 71.15.Ap
KW  - 71.15.Dx
KW  - 71.15.Pd
KW  - Density Functional Theory
KW  - Finite differences
KW  - First-principles molecular dynamics
KW  - Linear scaling
N1  - Accession Number: 14035776; Fattebert, Jean-Luc; Email Address: fattebert1@llnl.gov Gygi, François 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing (CASC), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-561, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 162 Issue 1, p24; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MARKOV processes; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.-m; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.Ap; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.Dx; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.15.Pd; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density Functional Theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite differences; Author-Supplied Keyword: First-principles molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linear scaling; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terry L Vanden Hoek
T1  - Induced hypothermia by central venous infusion: Saline ice slurry versus chilled saline.
JO  - Critical Care Medicine
JF  - Critical Care Medicine
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 32
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - S425
EP  - S431
SN  - 00903493
AB  - OBJECTIVE:: Surface cooling improves outcome in selected comatose survivors of cardiac arrest. Internal cooling with considerable volumes of intravenous cold saline may accelerate hypothermia induction. This study compares core temperatures in swine after central catheter infusions of saline ice slurry (saline with smoothed 100-μm-size ice particles) vs. an equal volume of chilled saline. We hypothesized that slurry would achieve core hypothermia (32–34°C) more consistently and at a faster rate. DESIGN:: A total of 11 swine were randomized to receive microparticulate ice slurry, chilled saline infusion, or anesthesia alone in a monitored laboratory setting. INTERVENTIONS:: Intravenous bolus (50 mL/kg) of slurry or chilled 1.5% NaCl saline. Slurry was composed of a 1:1 mixture of ice and distilled H2O plus NaCl. MEASUREMENTS:: Cerebral cortex, tympanic membrane, inferior vena cava, rectal temperatures, electrocardiogram, arterial blood pressure, and arterial oxygen saturation were recorded for 1 hr after bolus. MAIN RESULTS:: Compared with anesthetized controls, core brain temperatures of the saline and slurry groups dropped by 3.4 ± 0.4°C and 5.3 ± 0.7°C (p = .009), respectively. With an infusion rate of 120 mL/min, cooling rates for the saline and slurry groups were −11.6 ± 1.8°C/hr and −18.2 ± 2.9°C/hr, respectively, during the first 20 mins. Four of four animals in the slurry group vs. zero of four animals in the saline group achieved target cortical temperatures of <34°C. CONCLUSIONS:: Cold intravenous fluids rapidly induce hypothermia in swine with intact circulation. A two-phase (liquid plus ice) saline slurry cools more rapidly than an equal volume of cold saline at 0°C. Ice-slurry could be a significant improvement over other cooling methods when rate of cooling and limited infusion volumes are important to the clinician. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Critical Care Medicine is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INDUCED hypothermia
KW  - SWINE as laboratory animals
KW  - CARDIAC arrest
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - BODY temperature
KW  - HEART failure -- Treatment
N1  - Accession Number: 20101948; Terry L Vanden Hoek 1; Affiliation:  1: From the University of Chicago, Section of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, IL (TLVH, DGB, BSA, JA, TA, LBB); Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Technology Division, Argonne, IL (KEK, JEF, JJO, HS); and the University of Chicago, Animal Resource Center, Chicago, IL (CLW).; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 32 Issue 9, pS425; Subject Term: INDUCED hypothermia; Subject Term: SWINE as laboratory animals; Subject Term: CARDIAC arrest; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: BODY temperature; Subject Term: HEART failure -- Treatment; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chew
AU  - C. M.
AU  - Ristic
AU  - R. I.
AU  - Dennehy
AU  - R. D.
AU  - De Yoreo
AU  - J. J.
T1  - Crystallization of Paracetamol under Oscillatory Flow Mixing Conditions.
JO  - Crystal Growth & Design
JF  - Crystal Growth & Design
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 4
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1045
EP  - 1052
SN  - 15287483
AB  - There has been an increasing effort in designing pharmaceutical particles with controllable properties (quality) such as chemical purity, morphology, size distribution, surface characteristics, and microstrain content. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of oscillatory flow mixing (OFM) in improving the quality of pharmaceutical precipitates, using paracetamol (4-acetamidophenol) as a model system. In-situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy were applied to observe the growth of {110} faces of single paracetamol crystals. These studies showed that (a) the bunching and macrostep formation occur at all values of supersaturation; and (b) the oscillation of solution with respect to the growing interface and its relative velocity are the critical parameters for the minimization of the interfacial instabilities, and in turn, for maintaining structural quality. These findings were tested in a conventional impeller driven batch crystallizer (IDBC) and in an oscillatory baffled batch crystallizer (OBBC), in which, apart from hydrodynamics, all external conditions such as initial supersaturation and crystallization temperature were kept constant. The physical properties (the quality) of the precipitates were characterized by low angle laser light scattering (LALLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), respectively. The analysis of obtained results and their comparison for these two types of mixing shows clearly that particles precipitated in OBBC are of significantly higher quality than those produced in IDBC. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package, Fluent 5, was used to model dynamical fluid patterns in both crystallizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Crystal Growth & Design is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETAMINOPHEN
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15149740; Chew C. M. 1 Ristic R. I. 1 Dennehy R. D. 1 De Yoreo J. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD Sheffield, United Kingdom, GlaxoSmithKline, Strategic Technologies, Tonbridge, Kent TN11 9AN, United Kingdom, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550-9234; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 4 Issue 5, p1045; Subject Term: ACETAMINOPHEN; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steven L.  Reneau
AU  - Paul G.  Drakos
AU  - Danny  Katzman
AU  - Daniel V.  Malmon
AU  - Eric V.  McDonald
AU  - Randall T.  Ryti
T1  - Geomorphic controls on contaminant distribution along an ephemeral stream.
JO  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
JF  - Earth Surface Processes & Landforms
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 29
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1209
EP  - 1223
SN  - 01979337
AB  - Sediment‐borne contamination in a watershed can be highly variable as a result of fluvial processes operating over a range of time scales. This study presents a detailed analysis of the distribution of one contaminant along an ephemeral stream after 55 years of sediment transport, deposition, and exchange by flash floods. Wastewater containing plutonium was discharged into the Pueblo Canyon watershed from 1945 until 1964, and plutonium concentrations in fluvial deposits vary over five orders of magnitude. These variations can be attributed to three primary factors: time since contaminant releases, particle‐size sorting, and mixing of sediment from different sources. The highest concentrations occur in fine‐grained sediment deposits near the source that date to the period of effluent releases, and concentrations are lower in younger deposits, in coarser‐grained deposits, and in deposits farther downstream. The spatial distribution of plutonium is strongly affected by longitudinal variations in the size of sediment deposits of different age. A major aggradation–degradation cycle in the lower canyon overlapped with the period of active effluent releases, and a significant portion of the total plutonium inventory is contained within large coarse‐grained deposits below fill terraces that post‐date 1945. The spatial pattern of contamination is thus determined by the specific geomorphic history of the watershed, in addition to processes of mixing and sorting during transport that occur in all fluvial systems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Earth Surface Processes & Landforms is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sediment transport
KW  - Ephemeral streams
KW  - Plutonium -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Watersheds -- New Mexico
N1  - Accession Number: 20378562; Steven L.  Reneau 1; Paul G.  Drakos 2; Danny  Katzman 1; Daniel V.  Malmon 3; Eric V.  McDonald 4; Randall T.  Ryti 5; Affiliations: 1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, EES-9, MS D462, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 2: Glorieta Geoscience, Inc., 1723 Second Street, Santa Fe, NM 87505, USA; 3: Swanson Hydrology and Geomorphology, 115 Limekiln Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA; 4: Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA; 5: Neptune and Company, 1505 15th Street, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 29 Issue 10, p1209; Thesaurus Term: Sediment transport; Subject Term: Ephemeral streams; Subject Term: Plutonium -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: Watersheds -- New Mexico; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484230 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484220 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mills, Evan
T1  - Inter-comparison of North American residential energy analysis tools
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 36
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 865
EP  - 880
SN  - 03787788
AB  - Energy analysis software is an essential component of efforts to foster increased energy efficiency in buildings. In North America alone, there exist hundreds of web- and disk-based building energy analysis tools, serving a diversity of audiences. Some are specialized while others consider the building as a whole. We evaluated 50 web-based residential tools and 15 disk-based tools. While the state-of-the art in tool design has risen considerably over the past three decades, today’s users are faced with an increasing—and often overwhelming—array of choices and, often, conflicting results. A surprising number provide little or no detailed analysis of energy savings options. A number of important building energy issues and efficiency features cannot be sufficiently well evaluated using any of the existing tools. Many factors conspire to confound performance comparisons among tools, and the sources or implications of observed differences in results are difficult to pinpoint. For the tools we tested, predicted whole-house energy bills ranged widely (by nearly a factor of three), and far more so at the end-use level. We also discovered a remarkable number of indications of errors in programming or algorithms. Tool design should be grounded in social science and engineering. Analytical results (e.g., benchmarking) and end-use-specific “what-if” functions are more helpful for many users than rarified engineering outputs. Desirable technical features include modeling of occupant effects, open-ended energy calculations as well as results normalized to actual consumption history, incorporating means for users to grasp the uncertainties embodied in the results, and ensuring quality control to remove errors from the design and programming of tools. More coordinated planning of tool development could help address the fragmentation and dilution of efforts that has historically hampered tool quality and market penetration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Technology
KW  - Force & energy
KW  - Market penetration
KW  - North America
N1  - Accession Number: 13903641; Mills, Evan 1; Email Address: emills@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 36 Issue 9, p865; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Thesaurus Term: Force & energy; Subject Term: Market penetration; Subject: North America; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.enbuild.2003.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moore, Michal
T1  - THE ROLE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE TRANSITION TO A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FUTURE.
JO  - Energy Studies Review
JF  - Energy Studies Review
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 160
EP  - 167
SN  - 08434379
AB  - Presents an excerpt from the article "The Role of Renewable Energy in the Transition to a Sustainable Energy Future," by Michal C. Moore and delivered during the 2nd Annual Kilburn Lecture.
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Power resources
N1  - Accession Number: 17015888; Moore, Michal 1; Email Address: michal_moore@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1: Chief Economist, The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Issue Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p160; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Thesaurus Term: Power resources; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, Rebecca A.
AU  - Nicolette, Joseph P.
AU  - Suter, Glenn W.
T1  - A Framework for Net Environmental Benefit Analysis for Remediation or Restoration of Contaminated Sites.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 315
EP  - 331
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Net environmental benefits are gains in value of environmental services or other ecological properties attained by remediation or ecological restoration minus the value of adverse environmental effects caused by those actions. Net environmental benefit analysis (NEBA) is a methodology for comparing and ranking net environmental benefits associated with multiple management alternatives. A NEBA for chemically contaminated sites typically involves comparison of several management alternatives: (1) leaving contamination in place; (2) physically, chemically, or biologically remediating the site through traditional means; (3) improving ecological value through onsite and offsite restoration alternatives that do not directly focus on removal of chemical contamination; or (4) a combination of those alternatives. NEBA involves activities that are common to remedial alternatives analysis for state regulations and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, post-closure and corrective action permits under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, evaluation of generic types of response actions pertinent to the Oil Pollution Act, and land management actions that are negotiated with regulatory agencies in flexible regulatory environments (i.e., valuing environmental services or other ecological properties, assessing adverse impacts, and evaluating remediation or restoration options). This article presents a high-level framework for NEBA at contaminated sites with subframeworks for natural attenuation (the contaminated reference state), remediation, and ecological restoration alternatives. Primary information gaps related to NEBA include nonmonetary valuation methods, exposure-response models for all stressors, the temporal dynamics of ecological recovery, and optimal strategies for ecological restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Restoration ecology
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Conservation of natural resources
KW  - Contamination (Technology)
KW  - Land use
KW  - State governments
KW  - Ecological restoration
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Key Words:NEBA
KW  - NEBA
KW  - Net environmental benefit analysis
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Remediation
N1  - Accession Number: 15398358; Efroymson, Rebecca A. 1; Email Address: EfroymsonRA@ornl.gov; Nicolette, Joseph P. 2; Suter, Glenn W. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA; 2: CH2M HILL, Atlanta, Georgia 30346-1278, USA; 3: National Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p315; Thesaurus Term: Restoration ecology; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Conservation of natural resources; Thesaurus Term: Contamination (Technology); Thesaurus Term: Land use; Subject Term: State governments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological restoration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Key Words:NEBA; Author-Supplied Keyword: NEBA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Net environmental benefit analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Petroleum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remediation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924120 Administration of Conservation Programs; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-004-0089-7
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szecsody, Jim E.
AU  - Fruchter, Jonathan S.
AU  - Williams, Mark D.
AU  - Vermeul, Vince R.
AU  - Sklarew, Debbie
T1  - In Situ Chemical Reduction of Aquifer Sediments: Enhancement of Reactive Iron Phases and TCE Dechlorination.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 4656
EP  - 4663
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - In situ chemical reduction of aquifer sediments is currently being used for chromate and TCE remediation by forming a permeable reactive barrier. The chemical and physical processes that occur during abiotic reduction of natural sediments during flow by sodium dithionite were investigated. In different aquifer sediments, 10-22% of amorphous and crystalline FeIII-oxides were dissolved/reduced, which produced primarily adsorbed FeII and some siderite. Sediment oxidation showed predominantly one FeII phase, with a second phase being oxidized more slowly. The sediment reduction rate (3.3 h batch half-life) was chemically controlled (58 kJ mol-1), with some additional diffusion control during reduction in sediment columns (8.0 h half- life). It was necessary to maintain neutral to high pH to maintain reduction efficiency and prevent iron mobilization, as reduction generated H+. Sequential extractions on reduced sediment showed that adsorbed ferrous iron controlled TCE reactivity. The mass and rate of field-scale reduction of aquifer sediments were generally predicted with laboratory data using a single reduction reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Chemical reduction
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Iron
KW  - Chlorination
N1  - Accession Number: 14430750; Szecsody, Jim E. 1; Email Address: jim.szecsody@pnl.gov; Fruchter, Jonathan S. 1; Williams, Mark D. 1; Vermeul, Vince R. 1; Sklarew, Debbie 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Rich land, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 17, p4656; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Chemical reduction; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Thesaurus Term: Iron; Subject Term: Chlorination; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rugh, J.
AU  - Farrington, R.
AU  - Bharathan, D.
AU  - Vlahinos, A.
AU  - Burke, R.
AU  - Huizenga, C.
AU  - Zhang, H.
T1  - Predicting human thermal comfort in a transient nonuniform thermal environment.
JO  - European Journal of Applied Physiology
JF  - European Journal of Applied Physiology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 92
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 721
EP  - 727
SN  - 14396319
AB  - The National Renewable Energy Laboratory has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient, nonuniform thermal environments, such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126-segment skin temperatures, sweat rate, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Applied Physiology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOMOTIVE electronics
KW  - THERMAL comfort
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - PERSPIRATION
KW  - SWEAT glands
KW  - HUMAN body
KW  - HUMAN physiology
KW  - Automotive
KW  - Human physiology
KW  - Numerical modeling
KW  - Thermal comfort
KW  - Thermal manikin
N1  - Accession Number: 16125886; Rugh, J. 1; Email Address: john_rugh@nrel.gov Farrington, R. 1 Bharathan, D. 1 Vlahinos, A. 2 Burke, R. 3 Huizenga, C. 4 Zhang, H. 4; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory  2: Advanced Engineering Solutions  3: Measurement Technology Northwest  4: Center for Environmental Design Research, University of California-Berkeley; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 92 Issue 6, p721; Subject Term: AUTOMOTIVE electronics; Subject Term: THERMAL comfort; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: PERSPIRATION; Subject Term: SWEAT glands; Subject Term: HUMAN body; Subject Term: HUMAN physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automotive; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human physiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal comfort; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal manikin; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336320 Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00421-004-1125-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lagergren, K.
AU  - Cederwall, B.
AU  - Clark, R. M.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Görgen, A.
AU  - Issa, T.
AU  - Janssens, R. V. F.
AU  - Johnson, A.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A. O.
AU  - Milechina, L.
AU  - Sarantites, D. G.
AU  - Wyss, R.
T1  - Isospectral superdeformed bands in the N = 46 nuclei88Mo and89Tc.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 381
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - Superdeformed bands in 88Mo and 89Tc were populated using 40Ca-induced fusion-evaporation reactions on 58Ni at a beam energy of 185MeV. Gamma-rays emitted in the reactions were detected using the Gammasphere spectrometer, in coincidence with charged particles detected by the Microball array. A new superdeformed band was assigned to the nucleus 88Mo, leading to a revisit of earlier configuration assignments for superdeformed structures in this nucleus. In particular, the theoretical interpretation of a pair of identical (isospectral) superdeformed bands in 88Mo/89Tc is discussed. The configurations that are assigned to the four SD bands belonging to 88Mo have properties that are predicted to be significantly affected by pair correlations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR shell theory
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - TECHNETIUM
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14509120; Lagergren, K. 1; Email Address: karin@nuclear.kth.se Cederwall, B. 1 Clark, R. M. 2 Fallon, P. 2 Görgen, A. 2 Issa, T. 1 Janssens, R. V. F. 3 Johnson, A. 1 Macchiavelli, A. O. 2 Milechina, L. 1 Sarantites, D. G. 4 Wyss, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden  2: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p375; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shell theory; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: TECHNETIUM; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: CONFIGURATIONS (Geometry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2003-10222-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, J.-C.
AU  - Achouri, L.
AU  - Äystö, J.
AU  - Béraud, R.
AU  - Blank, B.
AU  - Canchel, G.
AU  - Czajkowski, S.
AU  - Dendooven, P.
AU  - Ensallem, A.
AU  - Giovinazzo, J.
AU  - Guillet, N.
AU  - Honkanen, J.
AU  - Jokinen, A.
AU  - Laird, A.
AU  - Lewitowicz, M.
AU  - Longour, C.
AU  - de Oliveira Santos, F.
AU  - Peräjärvi, K.
AU  - Stanoiu, M.
T1  - Beta-decay properties of25Siand26P.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 435
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The β-decay properties of the neutron-deficient nuclei 25Si and 26P have been investigated at the GANIL/LISE3 facility by means of charged-particle and γ-ray spectroscopy. The decay schemes obtained and the Gamow­Teller strength distributions are compared to shell-model calculations based on the USD interaction. B(GT) values derived from the absolute measurement of the β-decay branching ratios give rise to a quenching factor of the Gamow­Teller strength of 0.6. A precise half-life of 43.7 (6) ms was determined for 26P, the β-(2)p decay mode of which is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14509131; Thomas, J.-C. 1,2 Achouri, L. 3 Äystö, J. 4 Béraud, R. 5 Blank, B. 1; Email Address: blank@cenbg.in2p3.fr Canchel, G. 1 Czajkowski, S. 1 Dendooven, P. 6 Ensallem, A. 5 Giovinazzo, J. 1 Guillet, N. 1 Honkanen, J. 4 Jokinen, A. 4 Laird, A. 7 Lewitowicz, M. 8 Longour, C. 9 de Oliveira Santos, F. 8 Peräjärvi, K. 10 Stanoiu, M. 11; Affiliation:  1: Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan, Allée du Haut-Vigneau, B.P. 120, 33170 Gradignan Cedex, France  2: Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium  3: LPC Caen, 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen Cedex, France  4: Department of Physics, PB 35 (YFL), 40014 University of Jyäskylä, Finland  5: Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, 69622 Villerbanne Cedex, France  6: Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, Zernikelaan 25, 9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands  7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK  8: Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds, B.P. 5027, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France  9: Institut de Recherche Subatomique, 23 rue du Loess, B.P. 28, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex, France  10: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  11: Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay, 15 rue G. Clémenceau, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p419; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2003-10218-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LePoire, David J.
T1  - A 'PERFECT STORM' OF SOCIAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS?
JO  - Futures Research Quarterly
JF  - Futures Research Quarterly
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 39
PB  - World Future Society
SN  - 87553317
AB  - This article presents information regarding the social and technological transition in the world. While many have applied logistic, learning curve, analysis to market adoption and substitution of new products, technologies, and ideas, Cesare Marchetti proposed that society behaves as a learning system, in that technology and idea development could also be logistic. By analyzing data from engine technology development, he proposed that technological changes in society occurred in a wavelike fashion. Recently, various interpretations of trends in technological progress have led to widely differing predictions. Specifically, Ray Kurzweil hypothesized an ever-increasing rate of technological change, based on his analysis of over a century of progress in computation technologies.
KW  - TECHNOLOGICAL innovations
KW  - COMMERCIAL products
KW  - PRODUCT management
KW  - INDUSTRIAL research
KW  - INSTRUCTIONAL systems
KW  - SELF-organizing systems
N1  - Accession Number: 15490829; LePoire, David J. 1; Email Address: dlepoire@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental systems analyst, Environmental Assessment Division at Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Fall2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p25; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations; Subject Term: COMMERCIAL products; Subject Term: PRODUCT management; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL research; Subject Term: INSTRUCTIONAL systems; Subject Term: SELF-organizing systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523130 Commodity Contracts Dealing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 523140 Commodity Contracts Brokerage; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Angert, Alon
AU  - Cappa, Christopher D.
AU  - DePaolo, Donald J.
T1  - Kinetic 17O effects in the hydrologic cycle: Indirect evidence and implications
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 68
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3487
EP  - 3495
SN  - 00167037
AB  - The abundances of 18O and deuterium in the present and past hydrologic cycle have proven to be an important tool in Earth systems science. In contrast, the abundance of 17O in precipitation has thus far been assumed to carry no additional information to that of 18O. Here, we demonstrate, using known constraints on oxygen isotope abundances from the O2 cycle and existing data about the natural abundance of 17O in water, that the relationship between the discrimination against 17O and 18O in water may vary. This relationship, presented here as θ = ln (17α)/ln (18α), is found to be 0.511 ± 0.005 for kinetic transport effects and 0.526 ± 0.001 for equilibrium effects, with very low temperature sensitivity. As a result, the 17Δ of precipitation is controlled primarily by kinetic effects during evaporation of the initial vapor and, in contrast to the deuterium excess, is independent of the temperature at the evaporation (and condensation) site. This makes 17Δ a unique tracer that complements 18O and deuterium, and may allow for a decoupling of changes in the temperature of the ocean, that serves as the vapor source, from changes in the relative humidity above it. In addition, the 17Δ of ice caps is influenced by the kinetic effects in ice formation, and therefore measurement of ice 17Δ can be used as an additional constraint for better understanding and parameterization of these effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Moisture
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Weather
N1  - Accession Number: 14684458; Angert, Alon 1; Email Address: angert@atmos.berkeley.edu; Cappa, Christopher D. 2; DePaolo, Donald J. 3,4; Affiliations: 1: Berkeley Atmospheric Sciences Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; 3: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA; 4: Earth Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 68 Issue 17, p3487; Thesaurus Term: Oxygen; Thesaurus Term: Moisture; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Weather; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2004.02.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anovitz, L.M.
AU  - Labotka, T.C.
AU  - Blencoe, J.G.
AU  - Horita, J.
T1  - Experimental determination of the activity-composition relations and phase equilibria of H2O-CO2-NaCl fluids at 500°C, 500 bars
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 68
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3557
EP  - 3567
SN  - 00167037
AB  - An understanding of the activity-composition (a-X) relations and phase equilibria of halite-bearing, mixed-species supercritical fluids is critically important in many geological and industrial applications. We have performed experiments on H2O-CO2-NaCl fluids at 500°C, 500 bar, to obtain accurate and precise data on their a-X relations and phase equilibria. Two kinds of experiments were performed. First, H2O-CO2-NaCl samples were reacted at fixed activities of H2O = 0.078, 0.350, 0.425, 0.448, 0.553, 0.560, 0.606, 0.678, 0.798, 0.841, and 0.935 to define the tie lines of known H2O activity in the halite-vapor and vapor-brine fields. Results indicate that fluids with all but the last of these H2O activities lie in the vapor-halite two-phase region and that a fluid with aH2O = 0.841 has a composition close to the three-phase (vapor + brine + halite) field. A second set of experiments was performed to determine the solubility of NaCl in parts of the system in equilibrium with halite. Data from these experiments suggest that the vapor corner of the three-phase field lies at H2O contents above XH2O = 0.58 and XNaCl = 0.06, and below XH2O = 0.75 and XNaCl = 0.06, which is a significantly more H2O-rich composition than indicated by existing thermodynamic models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Geology
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Fluids
KW  - Salt
N1  - Accession Number: 14684465; Anovitz, L.M. 1,2; Email Address: lanovitz@utk.edu; Labotka, T.C. 1; Blencoe, J.G. 2; Horita, J. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; 2: M.S. 6110, Bldg. 4500-S, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 68 Issue 17, p3557; Thesaurus Term: Geology; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Subject Term: Fluids; Subject Term: Salt; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2003.12.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cole, David R.
AU  - Horita, Juske
AU  - Polyakov, Veniamin B.
AU  - Valley, John W.
AU  - Spicuzza, Michael J.
AU  - Coffey, Dorothy W.
T1  - An experimental and theoretical determination of oxygen isotope fractionation in the system magnetite-H2O from 300 to 800°C
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 68
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3569
EP  - 3585
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Oxygen isotope fractionations have been determined between magnetite and water from 300 to 800°C and pressures between 10 and 215MPa. We selected three reaction pathways to investigate fractionation: (a) reaction of fine-grained magnetite with dilute aqueous NaCl solutions; (b) reduction of fine-grained hematite through reaction with dilute acetic acid; and (c) oxidation of fine iron power in either pure water or dilute NaCl solutions. Effective use of acetic acid was limited to temperatures up to about 400°C, whereas oxide-solution isotope exchange experiments were conducted at all temperatures. Equilibrium 18O/16O fractionation factors were calculated from the oxide-water experiments by means of the partial isotope exchange method, where generally four isotopically different waters were used at any given temperature. Each run product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and on a limited basis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Results from the microscopic examinations indicate the formation of well-crystallized octahedra and dodecahedra of magnetite where the extent of crystallization, grain size, and grain habit depend on the initial starting material, P, T, solution composition, and duration of the run.The greatest amount of oxygen isotope exchange (∼90% or greater) was observed in experiments where magnetite either recrystallized in the presence of 0.5 m NaCl from 500 to 800°C or formed from hematite reacted with 0.5 m acetic acid at 300, 350 and 400°C. Fractionation factors (103 ln αmt-H2O) determined from these partial exchange experiments exhibit a steep decrease (to more negative values) with decreasing temperature down to about 500°C, followed by shallower slope. A least-squares regression model of these partial exchange data, which accounts for analytical errors and errors generated by mass balance calculations, gives the following expression for fractionation that exhibits no minimum: <F>1000lnαlmt-lw=-8.984(±0.3803)x+3.302(±0.377)x2—0.426(±0.092)x3</F> with an R2 = 0.99 for 300 ≤ T≤ 800°C (x = 106/T2). The Fe oxidation results also exhibit this type of temperature dependence but shifted to slightly more negative 103 ln α values; there is the suggestion that a kinetic isotope effect may contribute to these fractionations. A theoretical assessment of oxygen isotope fractionation using β-factors derived from heat capacity and Mössbauer temperature (second-order Doppler) shift measurements combined with known β-factors for pure water yield fractionations that are somewhat more negative compared to those determined experimentally. This deviation may be due to the combined solute effects of dissolved magnetite plus NaCl (aq), as well as an underestimation of βmt at low temperatures. The new magnetite-water experimental fractionations agree reasonably well with results reported from other experimental studies for temperatures ≥ 500°C, but differ significantly with estimates based on quasi-theoretical and empirical approaches. Calcite-magnetite and quartz-magnetite fractionation factors estimated from the combination of magnetite β’s calculated in this study with those for calcite and quartz reported by Clayton and Kieffer (1991) agree very closely with experimentally determined mineral-pair fractionations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Iron ores
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Regression analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14684466; Cole, David R. 1; Email Address: coledr@ornl.gov; Horita, Juske 1; Polyakov, Veniamin B. 2; Valley, John W. 3; Spicuzza, Michael J. 3; Coffey, Dorothy W. 4; Affiliations: 1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; 2: Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Moscow B-334 Russia; 3: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; 4: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 68 Issue 17, p3569; Thesaurus Term: Oxygen; Subject Term: Iron ores; Subject Term: Microscopy; Subject Term: Regression analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213117 Contract drilling (except oil and gas); NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212210 Iron Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2004.02.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ekdahl, Erik J.
AU  - Teranes, Jane L.
AU  - Guilderson, Thomas P.
AU  - Turton, Charles L.
AU  - McAndrews, John H.
AU  - Wittkop, Chad A.
AU  - Stoermer, Eugene F.
T1  - Prehistorical record of cultural eutrophication from Crawford Lake, Canada.
JO  - Geology
JF  - Geology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 32
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 745
EP  - 748
SN  - 00917613
AB  - Cultural eutrophication—the process by which human activities increase nutrient input rates to aquatic ecosystems and thereby cause undesirable changes in surface-water quality—is generally thought to have begun with the start of the industrial era. The prehistoric dimension of human impacts on aquatic ecosystems remains relatively undescribed, particularly in North America. Here we present fossil plankton data (diatoms and rotifers), organic and inorganic carbon accumulations, and carbon isotope ratios from a 1000 yr sediment core record from Crawford Lake, Ontario, Canada. The data document increased nutrient input to Crawford Lake caused by Iroquoian horticultural activity from A.D. 1268 to 1486 and show how this increased nutrient input elevated lake productivity, caused bottom-water anoxia, and irreversibly altered diatom community structure within just a few years. Iroquoian settlement in the region declined in the fifteenth century, yet diatom communities and lake circulation never recovered to the predisturbance state. A second phase of cultural eutrophication starting in A.D. 1867, initiated by Canadian agricultural disturbance, increased lake productivity but had comparatively less impact on diatom assemblages and carbon-storage pathways than the initial Iroquoian disturbance. This study deepens our understanding of the impact of cultural eutrophication on lake systems, highlights the lasting influence of initial environmental perturbation, and contributes to the debate on the ecological impacts of density and agricultural practices of native North American inhabitants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geology is the property of Geological Society of America and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EUTROPHICATION
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - HUMAN behavior
KW  - PLANKTON
KW  - LAKES
KW  - ONTARIO
KW  - CANADA
KW  - carbon
KW  - Crawford Lake
KW  - diatoms
KW  - ecological disturbance
KW  - eutrophication
KW  - Iroquoian
N1  - Accession Number: 14443540; Ekdahl, Erik J. 1 Teranes, Jane L. 2 Guilderson, Thomas P. 3 Turton, Charles L. 4 McAndrews, John H. 5 Wittkop, Chad A. 6 Stoermer, Eugene F. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, 2534 C.C. Little Building, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1063, USA  2: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-397, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94551, USA  4: Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queens Park, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2C6, Canada  5: Departments of Botany and Geology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada  6: Limnological Research Center, Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA  7: School of Natural Resources, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 32 Issue 9, p745; Subject Term: EUTROPHICATION; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: HUMAN behavior; Subject Term: PLANKTON; Subject Term: LAKES; Subject Term: ONTARIO; Subject Term: CANADA; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crawford Lake; Author-Supplied Keyword: diatoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological disturbance; Author-Supplied Keyword: eutrophication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iroquoian; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1130/G20496.1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, M. D.
AU  - Oostrom, M.
AU  - Lenhard, R. J.
T1  - A Practical Model for Mobile, Residual, and Entrapped NAPL in Water-Wet Porous Media.
JO  - Ground Water
JF  - Ground Water
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 42
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 734
EP  - 746
SN  - 0017467X
AB  - Flow of nonvolatile nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) and aqueous phases that account for mobile, entrapped, and residual NAPL in variably saturated water-wet porous media is modeled and compared against results from detailed laboratory experiments. Residual saturation formation in the vadose zone is a process that is often ignored in multifluid flow simulators, which might cause an overestimation of the volume of NAPL that reaches the  ground water. Mobile NAPL is defined as being continuous in the pore space and flows under a pressure gradient or gravitational body force. Entrapped NAPL is defined as being occluded by the aqueous phase, occurring as immobile ganglia surrounded by aqueous phase in the pore space and formed when NAPL is replaced by the aqueous phase. Residual NAPL is defined as immobile, nonwater entrapped NAPL that does not drain from the pore spaces and is conceptualized as being either continuous or discontinuous. Free NAPL comprises mobile and residual NAPL. The numerical model is formulated on mass conservation equations for oil and water, transported via NAPL and aqueous phases through variably saturated porous media. To account for phase transitions, a primary variable switching scheme is implemented for the oil-mass conservation equation over three phase conditions: (1) aqueous or  aqueousgas with dissolved oil, (2) aqueous or aqueous-gas with entrapped NAPL, and (3) aqueous or aqueous gas  with free NAPL. Two laboratory-scale column experiments are modeled to verify the numerical model. Comparisons  between the numerical simulations and experiments demonstrate the necessity to include the residual NAPL formation process in multifluid flow simulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONAQUEOUS phase liquids
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - POROSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14608198; White, M. D. 1 Oostrom, M. 1 Lenhard, R. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Hydrology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352  2: Subsurface Science Initiative, Idaho National Environmental and Engineering Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 93415-2025; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 42 Issue 5, p734; Subject Term: NONAQUEOUS phase liquids; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: POROSITY; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - James, Mary
T1  - Remodeling a Business.
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 42
EP  - 44
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Features Hughesco Incorporated President Darin Hughes and reveals his home performance principles.  Career background of Hughes; Functions of Hughesco auditors; Requirements of the one-stop approach to selling home performance jobs; Working philosophy of Hughes.  INSET: A Warmer, Tighter House.
KW  - Corporate presidents
KW  - Domestic architecture -- Design & construction
KW  - Dwellings
KW  - Hughesco Inc.
KW  - Hughes, Darin
N1  - Accession Number: 14383466; James, Mary 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Research Architect, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; 2: Research Engineer, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p42; Subject Term: Corporate presidents; Subject Term: Domestic architecture -- Design & construction; Subject Term: Dwellings ; Company/Entity: Hughesco Inc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236110 Residential building construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238390 Other Building Finishing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541310 Architectural Services; People: Hughes, Darin; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pak Chung Wong
AU  - Thomas, Jim
T1  - Visual Analytics.
JO  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
JF  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 21
SN  - 02721716
AB  - Visual analytics, a contemporary and proven approach to combine the art of human intuition and the science of mathematical deduction to directly perceive patterns and derive knowledge and insight from them. Visual analytics is the formation of abstract visual metaphors in combination with a human information discourse that enables detection of the expected and discovery of the unexpected within massive, dynamically changing information spaces. These suites of technologies apply to almost all fields but are being driven by critical needs in biology and national security. Visual analytics is an outgrowth of the fields of scientific and information visualization but includes technologies from many other fields, including knowledge management, statistical analysis, cognitive science, decision science, and many more. The processes and goals of analysis dominate the approach, but it's enabled by the wide-band visual interface to the brain and a dynamic interaction style of communication and discourse. A few example core technologies help to illustrate the emerging directions within visual analytics.
KW  - INTUITION (Psychology)
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - VISUAL perception
KW  - COMPUTER graphics
KW  - NATIONAL security
KW  - MANAGEMENT science
N1  - Accession Number: 14407810; Pak Chung Wong 1; Email Address: pak.wong@pnl.gov Thomas, Jim 2; Email Address: jim.thomas@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chief Scientist and Project Manager, Visual Analytics Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.  2: Director, Department of Homeland Security's National Visual Analytics Center.; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p20; Subject Term: INTUITION (Psychology); Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Subject Term: VISUAL perception; Subject Term: COMPUTER graphics; Subject Term: NATIONAL security; Subject Term: MANAGEMENT science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hetzler, Elizabeth
AU  - Turner, Alan
T1  - Analysis Experiences Using Information Visualization.
JO  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
JF  - IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 26
SN  - 02721716
AB  - Information visualization has been defined as the use of computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of abstract data to amplify cognition. Many intriguing visualizations help deal with the data overload problem. Examples include visual tools based on similarity, relevance, explicit entity relationships, patterns in citations, and patterns in metadata. The literature describing creative visual approaches and prototype implementations is large and growing. However, little has been published on usage experiences with such tools. The In-Spire visualization tool based on the previous Spire system uses statistical word patterns to characterize documents based on their text content. Among its tools are two visualizations that show document themes, similarities, and differences: document-centric Galaxy uses a dot plot metaphor, and collection-centric ThemeView uses a landscape metaphor. People targeted several additional In-Spire analytic features explicitly at the user community. Their goal in developing In-Spire was to provide a data visualization tool that let users deal with many documents, reducing the amount of time spent crafting queries and the chance of eliminating useful material before the user can see it. It also needed capabilities that let users understand a collection of material at an overview level first, instead of launching immediately into reading individual documents. The tool needed to support analytic demands for both convergent focusing on a particular set of information, relationships, or thesis in depth and divergent seeking alternative explanations and remaining open to other potentially interesting information or relationships understanding methods.
KW  - INFORMATION visualization
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - VISUALIZATION
KW  - METADATABASES
KW  - COMPUTER graphics
KW  - ENGINEERING graphics
N1  - Accession Number: 14407811; Hetzler, Elizabeth 1; Email Address: beth.hetzler@pnl.gov Turner, Alan 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p22; Subject Term: INFORMATION visualization; Subject Term: INFORMATION science; Subject Term: VISUALIZATION; Subject Term: METADATABASES; Subject Term: COMPUTER graphics; Subject Term: ENGINEERING graphics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - James, Conrad D.
AU  - Spence, Andrew J. H.
AU  - Dowell-Mesfin, Natalie M.
AU  - Hussain, Rifat J.
AU  - Smith, Karen L.
AU  - Craighead, Harold G.
AU  - Isaacson, Michael S.
AU  - Sham, William
AU  - Turner, James N.
T1  - Extracellular Recording s From Patterned Neuronal Networks Using Planar Microelectrode Arrays.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 51
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1640
EP  - 1648
SN  - 00189294
AB  - Neuronal cell networks have been reconstructed on planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) from dissociated hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Microcontact printing (μCP) and a photoresist-liftoff method were used to selectively localize poly-L-lysine (PLL) on the surface of MEAs. Haptotaxis led to the organization of the neurons into networks localized adjacent to microelectrodes. Various grids of PLL with 2-25-μm-wide lines spaced by 50-200 μm with 15-25-μm nodes at intersection points were used to guide cell body attachment and neurite outgrowth. Bursting activity with spike amplitude attenuation was observed, and multichannel recordings detected instances of coincident firing activity. Finally, we present here an extracellular recording from a ∼2 μm bundle of guided neurites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CENTRAL nervous system
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - NEUROSCIENCES
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - NEURAL networks (Neurobiology)
KW  - NEUROBIOLOGY
KW  - NEURAL circuitry
KW  - Hippocampal pyramidal neuron
KW  - microcontact printing
KW  - microelectrode array
KW  - neuron networks.
N1  - Accession Number: 14268283; James, Conrad D. 1; Email Address: cdjame@sandia.gov Spence, Andrew J. H. 2 Dowell-Mesfin, Natalie M. 3 Hussain, Rifat J. 3 Smith, Karen L. 3 Craighead, Harold G. 4 Isaacson, Michael S. 5 Sham, William 3 Turner, James N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.  2: University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.  3: Wadsworth Center and School of Public Health, Albany, NY 12201 USA.  4: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.  5: University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 51 Issue 9, p1640; Subject Term: CENTRAL nervous system; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: NEUROSCIENCES; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Neurobiology); Subject Term: NEUROBIOLOGY; Subject Term: NEURAL circuitry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hippocampal pyramidal neuron; Author-Supplied Keyword: microcontact printing; Author-Supplied Keyword: microelectrode array; Author-Supplied Keyword: neuron networks.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TBME.2004.827252
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14268283&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carreras, Benjamin A.
AU  - Newman, David E.
AU  - Dobson, Ian
AU  - Poole, A. Bruce
T1  - Evidence for Self-Organized Criticality in a Time Series of Electric Power System Blackouts.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 51
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1733
EP  - 1740
SN  - 15498328
AB  - We analyze a 15-year time series of North American electric power transmission system blackouts for evidence of self-organized criticality (SOC). The probability distribution functions of various measures of blackout size have a power tail and rescaled range analysis of the time series shows moderate long-time correlations. Moreover, the same analysis applied to a time series from a sandpile model known to be self-organized critical gives results of the same form. Thus, the blackout data seem consistent with SOC. A qualitative explanation of the complex dynamics observed in electric power system blackouts is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - ELECTRIC power failures
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - Blackouts
KW  - complex systems
KW  - power system security
KW  - reliability
KW  - risk analysis
KW  - time series
N1  - Accession Number: 18055473; Carreras, Benjamin A. 1; Email Address: carrerasba@ornl.gov Newman, David E. 2; Email Address: ffden@uaf.edu Dobson, Ian 3; Email Address: dobson@engr.wisc.edu Poole, A. Bruce 4; Email Address: dobson@engr.wisc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.  2: Physics Department, University of Alaska, Fairbanks. AK 99775 USA.  3: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.  4: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20426 USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 51 Issue 9, p1733; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power failures; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blackouts; Author-Supplied Keyword: complex systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: power system security; Author-Supplied Keyword: reliability; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: time series; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TCSI.2004.834513
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=18055473&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jinyi Qi
AU  - Huesman, Ronald H.
T1  - Propagation of Errors From the Sensitivity Image in List Mode Reconstruction.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1094
EP  - 1099
SN  - 02780062
AB  - List mode image reconstruction is attracting renewed attention. It eliminates the storage of empty sinogram bins. Howe ever, a single back projection of all LORs is still necessary for the pre-calculation of a sensitivity image. Since the detection sensitivity is dependent on the object attenuation and detector efficiency, it must be computed for each study. Exact computation of the sensitivity image can be a daunting task for modern scanners with huge numbers of LORs. Thus, some fast approximate calculation may be desirable. In this paper, we analyze the error propagation from the sensitivity image into the reconstructed image. The theoretical analysis is based on the fixed point condition of the list mode reconstruction. The nonnegativity constraint is modeled using the Kuhn-Tucker condition. With certain assumptions and the first order Taylor series approximation, we derive a closed form expression for the error in the reconstructed image as a function of the error in the sensitivity image. The result shows that the error response is frequency-dependent and provides a simple expression for determining the required accuracy of the sensitivity image calculation. Computer simulations show that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the measured results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGE processing
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - POISSON processes
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Emission tomography
KW  - error propagation
KW  - list mode reconstruction
KW  - Poisson likelihood
KW  - sensitivity image.
N1  - Accession Number: 14387105; Jinyi Qi 1,2; Email Address: jqi@lbl.gov Huesman, Ronald H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.  2: Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 23 Issue 9, p1094; Subject Term: IMAGE processing; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: POISSON processes; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: error propagation; Author-Supplied Keyword: list mode reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poisson likelihood; Author-Supplied Keyword: sensitivity image.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812922 One-Hour Photofinishing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour); NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMI.2004.829333
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14387105&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenyon, Garrett T.
AU  - Travis, Bryan J.
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - George, John S.
AU  - Stephens, Gregory J.
AU  - Marshak, David W.
T1  - Stimulus-Specific Oscillations in a Retinal Model.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
EP  - 1091
SN  - 10459227
AB  - High-frequency oscillatory potentials (HFOPs) in the vertebrate retina are stimulus specific. The phases of HFOPs recorded at any given retinal location drift randomly over time, but regions activated by the same stimulus tend to remain phase locked with approximately zero lag, whereas regions activated by spatially separate stimuli are typically uncorrelated. Based on retinal anatomy, we previously postulated that HFOPs are mediated by feedback from a class of axon-bearing amacrine cells that receive excitation from neighboring ganglion cells-via gap junctions-and make inhibitory synapses back onto the surrounding ganglion cells. Using a computer model, we show here that such circuitry can account for the stimulus specificity of HFOPs in response to both highand low-contrast features. Phase locking between pairs of model ganglion cells did not depend critically on their separation distance, but on whether the applied stimulus created a continuous path between them. The degree of phase locking between spatially separate stimuli was reduced by lateral inhibition, which created a buffer zone around strongly activated regions. Stimulating the inhibited region between spatially separate stimuli increased their degree of phase locking proportionately. Our results suggest several experimental strategies for testing the hypothesis that stimulus-specific HFOPs arise from axon-mediated feedback in the inner retina. Index Terms-Gamma oscillations, phase locking, synchrony, temporal code segmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - CODING theory
KW  - DIGITAL electronics
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Gamma oscillations
KW  - phase locking
KW  - synchrony
KW  - temporal code segmentation.
N1  - Accession Number: 14517645; Kenyon, Garrett T. 1; Email Address: gkeyon@lanl.gov Travis, Bryan J. 1; Email Address: bjtravis@lanl.gov Theiler, James 1; Email Address: jt@lanl.gov George, John S. 1; Email Address: jsg@lanl.gov Stephens, Gregory J. 1; Email Address: gstephens@lanl.gov Marshak, David W. 2; Email Address: David.W.Marshak@uth.tmc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77030 USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p1083; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: CODING theory; Subject Term: DIGITAL electronics; Subject Term: INFORMATION theory; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma oscillations; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase locking; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchrony; Author-Supplied Keyword: temporal code segmentation.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNN.2004.832722
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14517645&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Basso, Thomas S.
AU  - DeBlasio, Richard
T1  - IEEE 1547 Series of Standards: Interconnection Issues.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1159
EP  - 1162
SN  - 08858993
AB  - IEEE 1547 2003 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources With Electric Power Systems is the first in the 1547 series of planned interconnection standards. Major issues and a wealth of constructive dialogue arose during 1547 development. There was also a perceived increased vitality in up dating complementary IEEE standards and developing additional standards to accommodate modern electrical and electronics systems and improved grid communications and operations. Power engineers and other stakeholders looking to the future are poised to incorporate 1547 into their knowledge base to help transform our nation's aging distribution systems while alleviating some of the burden on existing transmission systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - STAKEHOLDERS
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - Certification
KW  - communications
KW  - dispersed storage and generation
KW  - distributed generation
KW  - distributed power
KW  - distributed resources
KW  - fuel cells
KW  - interconnection
KW  - monitoring and control
KW  - photovoltaic power systems
KW  - power distribution
KW  - power generation
KW  - power systems
KW  - regulation
KW  - standards
KW  - test
N1  - Accession Number: 14426141; Basso, Thomas S. 1; Email Address: thomas_basso@nrel.gov DeBlasio, Richard 1; Email Address: deblasid@tcplink.nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1159; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: STAKEHOLDERS; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Certification; Author-Supplied Keyword: communications; Author-Supplied Keyword: dispersed storage and generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed power; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: interconnection; Author-Supplied Keyword: monitoring and control; Author-Supplied Keyword: photovoltaic power systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: power distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: power generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: power systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: standards; Author-Supplied Keyword: test; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2004.834000
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14426141&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazumder, Sudip K.
AU  - Acharya, Kaustuva
AU  - Haynes, Comas Lamar
AU  - Williams, Robert
AU  - Jr.
AU  - von Spakovsky, Michael R.
AU  - Nelson, Douglas J.
AU  - Rancruel, Diego F.
AU  - Hartvigsen, Joseph
AU  - Gemmen, Randy S.
T1  - Solid-Oxide-Fuel-Cell Performance and Durability: Resolution of the Effects of Power-Conditioning Systems and Application Loads.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1263
EP  - 1278
SN  - 08858993
AB  - We describe methodologies for comprehensive and reduced-order modeling of solid-oxide-fuel-cell (SOFC) power-conditioning system (PCS) at the subsystem/component and system levels to resolve the interactions among SOFC, balance-of-plant subsystem, and power-electronics subsystem (PES) and application loads (ALs). Using these models, we analyze the impacts of electrical-feedback effects (e.g., ripple-current dynamics and load transients) on the performance and reliability of the SOFC. Subsequently, we investigate the effects of harmonics in the current, drawn from the SOFC by a PES, on the temperature and fuel utilization of the SOFC. We explore the impacts of inverter space-vector modulation strategies on the transient response, flow parameters, and current density of the SOFC during load transients and demonstrate how these two traditionally known superior modulation/control methodologies may in fact have a negative effect on the performance and durability of the SOFC unless carefully implemented. Further, we resolve the impacts of the current drawn by the PES from the SOFC, on its microcrack density and electrode/electrolyte degradation. The comprehensive analytical models and interaction-analysis methodologies and the results provided in this paper lead to an improved understanding, and may yield realizations of cost-effective, reliable, and optimal PESs, in particular, and SOFC PCSs, in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - POWER electronics
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - PERFORMANCE
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Power-conditioning system (PCS)
KW  - power-electronics subsystem (PES)
KW  - solid-oxide-fuel-cell (SOFC)
N1  - Accession Number: 14426154; Mazumder, Sudip K. 1; Email Address: mazumder@ece.uic.edu Acharya, Kaustuva 1 Haynes, Comas Lamar 2; Email Address: comas.haynes@gtri.gatech.edu Williams, Robert Jr. 2 von Spakovsky, Michael R. 3; Email Address: vonspako@vt.edu Nelson, Douglas J. 3 Rancruel, Diego F. 3 Hartvigsen, Joseph 4; Email Address: jjh@ceramatec.com Gemmen, Randy S. 5; Email Address: randall.gemmen@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Energy and Switching-Electronics Systems (LESES), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607-7053 USA.  2: Center for Innovative and Battery Technologies, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0853 USA.  3: Energy Management Institute, Center for Automotive Fuel Cell Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.  4: Ceramatec, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.  5: Gas Energy Systems Division, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1263; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: POWER electronics; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: PERFORMANCE; Subject Term: COST effectiveness; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power-conditioning system (PCS); Author-Supplied Keyword: power-electronics subsystem (PES); Author-Supplied Keyword: solid-oxide-fuel-cell (SOFC); Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPEL.2004.833992
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14426154&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Astafiev, K. F.
AU  - Sherman, V. O.
AU  - Tagantsev, A. K.
AU  - Setter, N.
AU  - Kaydanova, T.
AU  - Ginley, D. S.
T1  - Intrinsic and Extrinsic Loss Contributions in SrTiO3 Thin Films at Microwave Frequencies.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 179
EP  - 186
SN  - 10584587
AB  - The behavior of dielectric loss in SrTiO3 thin films at different microwave frequencies under the dc bias voltage applied is analyzed. Two types of differently processed SrTiO3 thin films (as deposited and oxygen-annealed) deposited by the pulse laser deposition technique onto MgO single crystal substrate are investigated. The half-wave microstrip resonator with the resonance frequencies being 8 and 16 GHz at the first and second resonance modes respectively was used for the microwave characterization of the investigated thin films. The experimental data obtained strongly suggest the occurrence of a crossover between different dielectric loss contributions (extrinsic and intrinsic) in the films. The crossover is driven by the dc bias field: at weak fields the loss is governed by an extrinsic mechanism(s) whereas, at higher fields, the contribution of an Intrinsic mechanism (dc field-induced quasi-Debye loss) becomes predominant. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the quality of tunable ferroelectric films can be judged from the shape of the field dependence of the loss tangent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - dielectric loss
KW  - Ferroelectric thin films
KW  - microwave frequencies
KW  - quasi-Debye loss mechanism
N1  - Accession Number: 15812009; Astafiev, K. F. 1 Sherman, V. O. 1 Tagantsev, A. K. 1 Setter, N. 1 Kaydanova, T. 2 Ginley, D. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ceramic Laboratory, EPFL Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 66 Issue 1, p179; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: ELECTRIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: dielectric loss; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectric thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: microwave frequencies; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasi-Debye loss mechanism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10584580490895077
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15812009&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Zenghe
AU  - Srinivasan, Venkat
AU  - Kelly, Mike
T1  - TECH HIGHLIGHTS.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 20
SN  - 10648208
AB  - This article reports on several developments related to the electrochemical technology. Zinc selenide, a semiconductor material with a direct optical transition and a high band-gap value, has potential applications in optoelectronic devices such as light emitting diodes and solar cells. Tolerance to small amounts of CO is important for proton exchange membrane fuel cells operating on hydrogen obtained from reforming of carbon-based fuels. Researchers at Fuel Cell Energy Inc. and the University of Connecticut recently reported two approaches to enhancing the CO tolerance of Pt catalysts.
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ZINC
KW  - ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR diodes
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - FUELCELL Energy Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 14406441; Liu, Zenghe Srinivasan, Venkat 1 Kelly, Mike 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.  2: Sandia National Laboratories.; Source Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p20; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ZINC; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC apparatus & appliances; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR diodes; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Company/Entity: FUELCELL Energy Inc. Ticker: FCEL; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, J. A.
T1  - Electrochemistry and the Hydrogen Economy.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 23
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Hydrogen is a hot topic in the society today. Issues relating to hydrogen run the gauntlet from energy economics, and the environment to foreign and domestic policy. Hydrogen can provide the energy storage for intermittent renewables like photovoltaics and wind, as well as be utilized as a transportation fuel. Hydrogen also may provide the link between the fossil energy we use today and the renewable energy people will use tomorrow. Fuel cell vehicles represent a holy grail of a clean, zero-emission transportation system. However, storing hydrogen on-board these vehicles presents a significant challenge.
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - FUEL
KW  - ELECTRIC power production from chemical action
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - FOSSILS
N1  - Accession Number: 14406442; Turner, J. A. 1; Email Address: jturner@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: Principal Scientist for Electric & Hydrogen Technologies & Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory.; Source Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p23; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ENERGY policy; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production from chemical action; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: FOSSILS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, John A.
AU  - Williams, Mark C.
AU  - Rajeshwar, Krishnan
T1  - Hydrogen Economy based on Renewable Energy Sources.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 30
SN  - 10648208
AB  - Petroleum supplies will be in increasingly higher demand as heavily populated developing countries expand their economies and become more energy intensive. Air quality and global climate impact are other major concerns with this continuing dependence on fossil energy sources. A hydrogen-powered energy economy would be largely immune to uncertainties associated with petroleum supply from politically unstable regions of the world. The hydrogen can be produced from diverse, domestic resources using a combination of electricity generated from fossil, renewable, or nuclear sources.
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - NATURAL gas
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - PETROLEUM
KW  - ELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14406443; Turner, John A. 1 Williams, Mark C. 2; Email Address: williams@netl.doe.gov Rajeshwar, Krishnan 3; Email Address: rajeshwar@uta.edu; Affiliation:  1: Principal Scientist for Electric and Hydrogen Technologies and Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory.  2: Technology Manager, U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory.  3: Distinguished University Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Associate Dean, University of Texas, Arlington.; Source Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p24; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: NATURAL gas; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: PETROLEUM; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221210 Natural Gas Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sandi, Giselle
T1  - Hydrogen Storage and Its Limitations.
JO  - Interface
JF  - Interface
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 40
EP  - 45
SN  - 10648208
AB  - This article discusses the hydrogen storage and its limitations. Hydrogen storage is a crucial step for providing a ready supply of hydrogen fuel to an end use, such as a car, as it is considered by many to be the most technically challenging aspect of achieving a hydrogen-based economy. Hydrogen storage systems used for such stationary applications as residential heating and air-conditioning, neighborhood electrical generation, and many industrial applications can occupy a large area, employ multistep chemical charging/recharging cycles that operate at high temperature and pressure, and compensate for slow kinetics with extra capacity.
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ELECTRIC power production from chemical action
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14406445; Sandi, Giselle 1; Email Address: gsandi@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Member of Chemical Transformations Mechanisms Group, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: Fall2004, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p40; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power production from chemical action; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Das, Sujit
AU  - Tonn, Bruce E.
AU  - Peretz, Jean H.
T1  - Benefit-cost analysis of Automotive Lightweighting Material projects.
JO  - International Journal of Energy Technology & Policy
JF  - International Journal of Energy Technology & Policy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 14728923
AB  - This article presents benefit-cost analyses for three R&D projects funded by the Automotive Lightweighting Materials Program of the U.S. Department of Energy: design and product optimization for cast light metals; durability of lightweight composite structures; and rapid tooling for functional prototyping of metal mould processes. Costs include total project costs and estimates of industry costs to commercialize the new technologies. Benefit-cost ratios were estimated under three sets of assumptions. The ratios were substantial in all cases. The results suggest that collaborative efforts between government and industry in the area have tremendous potential.
KW  - Lightweight construction
KW  - Cost accounting
KW  - Manufacturing processes
KW  - Pilot projects
KW  - Industrial costs
KW  - United States
KW  - United States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15743471; Das, Sujit 1; Email Address: dass@ornl.gov; Tonn, Bruce E. 1; Peretz, Jean H. 2; Email Address: speretz@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Room I-05, Knoxville, TN 37932-6472, USA.; 2: Energy, Environemntal and Resources Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 600 Henley Street, Suite 311, Knoxville, TN 37996-4134, USA.; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p1; Subject Term: Lightweight construction; Subject Term: Cost accounting; Subject Term: Manufacturing processes; Subject Term: Pilot projects; Subject Term: Industrial costs; Subject: United States ; Company/Entity: United States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schäfer, Mathias
AU  - Schmuck, Carsten
AU  - Geiger, Lars
AU  - Chalmers, Michael J.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Structurally related non-covalent complexes examined by quadrupole ion trap (QIT) MS2 and infrared multiphoton dissociation Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry IRMPD<ce:cross-out xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd">-</ce:cross-out>FT-ICR MS: evidence for salt-bridge structures in the gas phase
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 237
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 45
SN  - 13873806
AB  - The gas-phase structures of a series of monomeric, homo- and heterodimeric sodium adduct ions of structurally related synthetic compounds Mn [Gua+–NH–(CH2)n–COO-] with n = 1, 2, 3, 5 and Gua = guanidiniocarbonyl pyrrole were investigated by various MS techniques. The compounds Mn are zwitterions in solution and have a strong tendency to aggregate in polar solvents.First, quadrupole ion trap (QIT) collision induced dissociation (CID) product ion experiments with [Mn + Na]+ ions (n = 1, 2, 3, 5) and [arginine + Na]+ were conducted. The fragmentation behavior of the sodium adduct ions provides indirect evidence for a change in structure varying from predominantly charge-solvation of non-ionic molecules (M1, M2 and arginine), to salt-bridge interactions of zwitterionic structures of Mn for n = 3, 5.Second, the sodium affinities (Δ) of the compounds Mn were related to the known literature value of arginine by examination of the CID fragmentation behavior of heterodimer ions [Mn + arginine + Na]+ and [Mn + Mm + Na]+ (n ≠ m and n, m = 2, 3, 5) in a QIT. The relative ordering of sodium affinities (Δ): M5 ≥ arginine > M3 > M2 can be deduced from the relative abundances of [Mn,m + Na]+ and [arg + Na]+ product ions. The maximum sodium affinity of M5 relative to the reference value of arginine strongly supports the assumption of a gas-phase zwitterionic structure.Third, the dimeric sodium adduct ions [2Mn + Na]+ of M2, M3 and M5 dissociate upon IR activation in FT-ICR MS exclusively into the respective monomeric sodium adduct ion [Mn + Na]+. Hence, the establishment of a relative ordering of the gas-phase dissociation energy barriers  for the disruption of the non-covalent bond of the complexes by IRMPD-FT-ICR MS was conducted. We find the dimeric complex ion [2M3 + Na]+ more stable than the respective complexes of M2 and M5. Hence, the stability of the examined complex ions [2Mn + Na]+ is obviously strongly determined by the various possible non-covalent interactions between the two respective molecules Mn. The MS study supports the assumption that Mn molecules with n ≥ 3 are able to conserve zwitterionic structures in the gas phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - FT-ICR
KW  - Gas-phase zwitterions
KW  - IRMPD
N1  - Accession Number: 14189161; Schäfer, Mathias; Email Address: mathias.schaefer@uni-koeln.de Schmuck, Carsten 1 Geiger, Lars 1 Chalmers, Michael J. 2 Hendrickson, Christopher L. 3 Marshall, Alan G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Organic Chemistry, University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany  2: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 237 Issue 1, p33; Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-ICR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas-phase zwitterions; Author-Supplied Keyword: IRMPD; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijms.2004.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belykh, S.F.
AU  - Veryovkin, I.V.
AU  - Palitsin, V.V.
AU  - Samartsev, A.V.
AU  - Adriaens, A.
AU  - Adams, F.
T1  - Temperature dependence of secondary ion emission from tantalum produced by atomic and polyatomic gold projectiles
JO  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
JF  - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 237
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 63
SN  - 13873806
AB  - Temperature dependencies have been measured within a wide range of target temperatures of 300K ≤ T ≤ 2400K for secondary ion yields of Tan+, TanOm+, TanNb+ and TanAu+ (n = 1–14, m = 1–3) under the bombardment of tantalum target with 12keV atomic Au- and 18keV polyatomic Au3- projectiles. It is demonstrated that yields of Tan+ (n = 2–14) and TanNb+ ions increase with temperature for T ≤ 1700K and then tend to become temperature independent. On the contrary, the yields of TanOm+ and TanAu+ ions slightly increase with temperature reaching their maxima in the range of 1000K ≤ T ≤ 1500K and then sharply decrease to zero at T ≉ 1700 and 2100K, respectively. These trends are interpreted to indicate the redistribution of the sputtered flux between these different emission channels while sputtering conditions change with the target temperature. Oxygen presence on the surface at lower temperatures limits the yield of Tan+ clusters and stimulates that of TanOm+. Removing oxygen from the surface enhances the yield of Tan+ clusters and the disappearance of TanOm+. After clean surfaces are established in the range of 1700K ≤ T ≤ 2400K, the yield of the Tan+ and TanNb+ cluster ions becomes constant thus indicating that their ionization probability does not depend on the target temperature in this range. Some differences in the temperature dependencies obtained under the atomic and polyatomic ion bombardment are observed and interpreted as the indication of different efficiencies of the sputtering process since polyatomic projectiles sputter more material than atomic ones. This, in addition to better surface cleaning, enhances yields of cluster ions. For atomic ions Ta+, an additional emission channel, thermal evaporation/surface ionization, is identified at target temperatures T > 2300K. No evaporated cluster ions are observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TANTALUM
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14189163; Belykh, S.F.; Email Address: belikh@uia.ua.ac.be Veryovkin, I.V. 1 Palitsin, V.V. 2 Samartsev, A.V. 3 Adriaens, A. 4 Adams, F. 5; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK  3: Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Duisburg—Essen, D-45117 Essen, Germany  4: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gent University B-9000 Ghent, Belgium  5: Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp (UIA), Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 237 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: TANTALUM; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijms.2004.06.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gene-Jack Wang
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
AU  - Thanos, Panayotis K.
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
T1  - Similarity Between Obesity and Drug Addiction as Assessed by Neurofunctional Imaging: A Concept Review.
JO  - Journal of Addictive Diseases
JF  - Journal of Addictive Diseases
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 53
SN  - 10550887
AB  - Overeating in obese individuals shares similarities with the loss of control and compulsive drug taking behavior observed in drug-addicted subjects. The mechanism of these behaviors is not well understood. Our prior studies with positron emission tomography (PET) in drug-addicted subjects documented reductions in striatal dopamine (DA) D2 receptors. In pathologically obese subjects, we found reductions in striatal DA D2 receptors similar to that in drug-addicted subjects. Moreover, DA D2 receptor levels were found to have an inverse relationship to the body mass index of the obese subjects. We postulated that decreased levels of DA D2 receptors predisposed subjects to search for reinforcers; in the case of drug-addicted subjects for the drug and in the case of the obese subjects for food as a means to temporarily compensate for a decreased sensitivity of DA D2 regulated reward circuits. Understanding the mechanism in food intake will help to suggest strategies for the treatment of obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Addictive Diseases is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OBESITY -- Treatment
KW  - DRUG abuse
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - DOPAMINE receptors
KW  - NUTRITION disorders
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - Dopamine receptor
KW  - drug abuse
KW  - obesity
KW  - positron emission tomography
KW  - somatosensory cortex
N1  - Accession Number: 14107078; Gene-Jack Wang 1; Email Address: gjwang@bnl.gov Volkow, Nora D. 1 Thanos, Panayotis K. 1 Fowler, Joanna S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Medical and Chemistry Departments, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p39; Subject Term: OBESITY -- Treatment; Subject Term: DRUG abuse; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: DOPAMINE receptors; Subject Term: NUTRITION disorders; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dopamine receptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: drug abuse; Author-Supplied Keyword: obesity; Author-Supplied Keyword: positron emission tomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: somatosensory cortex; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1300/J069v23n03_04
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gatti-Bono, Caroline
AU  - Perkins, N. C.
T1  - Effect of Loop Shape on the Drag-Induced Lift of Fly Line.
JO  - Journal of Applied Mechanics
JF  - Journal of Applied Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 71
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 745
EP  - 747
SN  - 00218936
AB  - This note explains why casting a loop with a positive angle of attack is advantageous in distance fly casting. Several loop shapes, one with a positive angle of attack, one with a negative angle of attack, and two symmetrical loops with zero angle of attack are studied. For each loop, we compute the vertical drag component, i.e., the "lift." It is found that a loop with a positive angle of attack generates lift about four rimes larger than a symmetrical loop. Thus, loops with positive angles of attack stay "aerialized longer" which is consistent with observations made by (competition) distance fly casters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Mechanics is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOOPS (Group theory)
KW  - APPLIED mechanics
KW  - GROUP theory
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - MATHEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15137406; Gatti-Bono, Caroline 1; Email Address: gattic@umich.edu Perkins, N. C. 2,3; Email Address: ncp@umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Applied Numerical Algorithms, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125  3: Fellow, ASME; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 71 Issue 5, p745; Subject Term: LOOPS (Group theory); Subject Term: APPLIED mechanics; Subject Term: GROUP theory; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1778414
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Axness, C. L.
AU  - Kerr, B.
AU  - Wunsch, T. F.
T1  - Analytic light—or radiation—induced pn junction photocurrent solutions to the multidimensional ambipolar diffusion equation.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2646
EP  - 2655
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We transform the n-dimensional ambipolar transport equation to the n-dimensional nonhomogeneous heat equation, which has been solved for most common initial and boundary conditions. Thus, general solutions to the nonhomogeneous heat equation, obtained in a robust form through finite Fourier transforms, provide an easy approach to solving the ambipolar transport equation, which previously had been solved with more difficulty through Laplace transform techniques. We then obtain a general analytic one-dimensional time-dependent solution to the excess carrier and current densities in a pn junction diode in response to a transient radiation or light pulse under low-injection conditions. We derive most of the known analytic solutions to this problem and we examine the limiting behavior of these solutions to show that they are consistent. The model includes the effects of a constant electric field in the quasineutral region, a finite diode length, and an arbitrary generation function in terms of space and time. In the area of light communication, we use the model to examine the impact of doping parameters on the buildup of diffusive photocurrent that limits the signal bandwidth. Solutions to the ambipolar diffusion equation assuming more general initial and boundary conditions are easily obtained via the given transformation. The model may be applied to problems involving photodiodes, light-emitting diode or laser communication, transient radiation effects in microelectronics, dosimetry, or the response of solar cells to light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
N1  - Accession Number: 14310113; Axness, C. L. 1 Kerr, B. 2 Wunsch, T. F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0776, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0776  2: Mathematics Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801  3: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0665, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0665; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 5, p2646; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1769100
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hauser, Hans
T1  - Energetic model of ferromagnetic hysteresis: Isotropic magnetization.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2753
EP  - 2767
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The model is based on considerations of energy balance and statistical domain behavior. The parameters are related to macroscopic hysteresis features such as coercivity, initial susceptibility, saturation, and remanence and identification strategies are presented for static and dynamic magnetization processes. Furthermore, the model parameters are related to spontaneous magnetization, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, magnetostriction, and microstructure geometry which assist in the interpretation of the hysteresis dependence on stress, temperature, and direction of magnetization. Examples and predictions are the magnetization reversal in low dimensional structures, stress demagnetization, temporary decay of magnetization, Barkhausen noise, and the behavior of materials with multiple phases. Finally, the fictitious statistical domains (or unit magnetization reversals) are related to the magnetic spin moments, which enables a quantum-mechanical interpretation of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - DOMAIN structure
N1  - Accession Number: 14310098; Hauser, Hans 1; Email Address: Hans.Hauser@TUwien.ac.at; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 105 Metals Development, Ames, IA 50011; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 5, p2753; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1771479
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14310098&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choudhury, Bhaskar
AU  - Shinar, Ruth
AU  - Shinar, Joseph
T1  - Glucose biosensors based on organic light-emitting devices structurally integrated with a luminescent sensing element.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2949
EP  - 2954
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A platform for photoluminescence (PL) based biosensing is demonstrated for glucose. The sensor is structurally integrated, i.e., individually addressable organic light-emitting device (OLED) pixels (serving as the light source) and the sensing element are fabricated on glass or plastic substrates attached back-to-back. This results in a very compact, potentially miniaturizable sensor, which should strongly impact PL-based biosensor technology. The sensing element is an oxygen-sensitive dye coembedded with glucose oxidase in a thin film or dissolved in solution. The glucose biosensor is demonstrated for two OLED/dye pairs: [blue OLED]/[Ru dye] and [green OLED]/[Pt dye]. Both PL-intensity and PL-lifetime modes are demonstrated for each pair; the lifetime mode eliminates the need for frequent sensor calibration. The sensor performance is evaluated in terms of design, dynamic range, limit of detection, and stability. The use of the glucose biosensor in conjunction with an oxygen sensor is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - GLUCOSE
KW  - THIN films
KW  - OXYGEN
N1  - Accession Number: 14310071; Choudhury, Bhaskar 1 Shinar, Ruth 2; Email Address: rshinar@iastate.edu Shinar, Joseph 3; Email Address: shinar@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  3: Ames Laboratory, United States Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 5, p2949; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: GLUCOSE; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: OXYGEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1778477
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14310071&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fengzhen Liu
AU  - Ward, Scott
AU  - Gedvilas, Lynn
AU  - Keyes, Brian
AU  - To, Bob
AU  - Qi Wang
AU  - Sanchez, Errol
AU  - Shulin Wang
T1  - Amorphous silicon nitride deposited by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2973
EP  - 2979
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - High-quality amorphous silicon nitrides were deposited by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition using SiH4, NH3, and H2 gases. These films show a high deposition rate of 5 Å/s, a low processing temperature of 300 °C, an excellent conformal coverage, a low etching rate of 7 Å/min, an index of refraction of 2.1, an optical band gap of 4.0 eV, and a high breakdown field of 3 MV/cm. The effects of hydrogen dilution, substrate temperature, chamber pressure, and filament temperature on silicon nitride film property were studied to optimize the process. We found that adding H2 to the processing significantly enhances the silicon nitride films’ properties. The N content in the film increased significantly based on the infrared measurement. Hydrogen dilution is believed to play a key role for the conformal silicon nitride film. Hydrogen dilution also improves the process in that the gas ratio of NH3/SiH4 has been greatly reduced with the assistance of the H2 gas. With substrate temperatures varying from 23° to 400 °C, this study showed a best film at near 300 °C. However, a good-quality silicon nitride can be grown even if starting with a substrate at room temperature. Furthermore, we found that increasing chamber pressure and a high filament temperature result in higher deposition rate and better quality in the films. The optimized films were grown with hydrogen dilution at about 300 °C substrate temperature, 83 mTorr pressure, and 2100 °C filament temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - DILUTION
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14310067; Fengzhen Liu 1 Ward, Scott 1 Gedvilas, Lynn 1 Keyes, Brian 1 To, Bob 1 Qi Wang 1; Email Address: qi_wang@nrel.gov Sanchez, Errol 2 Shulin Wang 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401  2: Applied Materials, Inc., 979 E. Argues Ave., Sunnyvale, California 94086; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 5, p2973; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: DILUTION; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1775046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majumdar, D.
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Theoretical study of the electronic states of Nb4, Nb5 clusters and their anions (Nb4-,Nb5-).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4014
EP  - 4032
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Geometries and energy separations of the various low-lying electronic states of Nbn and Nbn- (n=4,5) clusters with various structural arrangements have been investigated. The complete active space multiconfiguration self-consistent field method followed by multireference singles and doubles configuration interaction (MRSDCI) calculations that included up to 52×106 configuration spin functions have been used to compute several electronic states of these clusters. The ground states of both Nb4 (1A′, pyramidal) and Nb4- (2B3g, rhombus) are low-spin states at the MRSDCI level. The ground state of Nb5 cluster is a doublet with a distorted trigonal bipyramid (DTB) structure. The anionic cluster of Nb5 has two competitive ground states with singlet and triplet multiplicities (DTB). The low-lying electronic states of these clusters have been found to be distorted due to Jahn-Teller effect. On the basis of the energy separations of our computed electronic states of Nb4 and Nb5, we have assigned the observed photoelectron spectrum of Nbn- (n=4,5) clusters. We have also compared our MRSDCI results with density functional calculations. The electron affinity, ionization potential, dissociation and atomization energies of Nb4 and Nb5 have been calculated and the results have been found to be in excellent agreement with the experiment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - JAHN-Teller effect
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14179938; Majumdar, D. 1 Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing, University of California Davis, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Chemistry & Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,University of California, Livermore, California 94550.  3: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 9, p4014; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: JAHN-Teller effect; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 19p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 10 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1769358
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14179938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brixner, Tobias
AU  - Man&cacron;al, Tom´š
AU  - Stiopkin, Igor V.
AU  - Fleming, Graham R.
T1  - Phase-stabilized two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4221
EP  - 4236
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopy is a powerful technique to study nuclear and electronic correlations between different transitions or initial and final states. Here we describe in detail our development of inherently phase-stabilized 2D Fourier-transform spectroscopy for electronic transitions. A diffractive-optic setup is used to realize heterodyne-detected femtosecond four-wave mixing in a phase-matched box geometry. Wavelength tunability in the visible range is accomplished by means of a 3 kHz repetition-rate laser system and optical parametric amplification. Nonlinear signals are fully characterized by spectral interferometry. Starting from fundamental principles, we discuss the origin of phase stability and the precise calibration of excitation-pulse time delays using movable glass wedges. Automated subtraction of undesired scattering terms removes experimental artifacts. On the theoretical side, the response-function formalism is extended to describe molecules with three electronic levels, and the shape of 2D spectral features is discussed. As an example for this technique, experimental 2D spectra are shown for the dye molecule Nile Blue in acetonitrile at 595 nm, recorded for a series of population times. Simulations explore the influence of different model parameters and qualitatively reproduce the experimental results. We show that correlations between different electronically excited states can be determined from the spectra. The technique described here can be used to measure the third-order response function of complex systems covering several electronic transitions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - ACETONITRILE
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14179915; Brixner, Tobias 1 Man&cacron;al, Tom´š 1 Stiopkin, Igor V. 1 Fleming, Graham R. 1; Email Address: grfleming@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 9, p4221; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: ACETONITRILE; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1776112
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14179915&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnard, A. S.
AU  - Zapol, P.
T1  - A model for the phase stability of arbitrary nanoparticles as a function of size and shape.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4276
EP  - 4283
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A thermodynamic model describing relative stability of different shapes for nanoparticles as a function of their size was developed for arbitrary crystalline solids and applied to group IV semiconductors. The model makes use of various surface, edge and corner energies, and takes into account surface tension. Approximations and importance of each term of the model were analyzed. The predictions for clean and hydrogenated diamond nanoparticles are compared to explicitly calculated density functional results. It is shown that diamond nanocrystal morphology is markedly different from silicon and germanium. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14179910; Barnard, A. S. 1; Email Address: amanda.barnard@anl.gov Zapol, P. 1,2; Email Address: zapl@anal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Materials Science and chemistry Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 9, p4276; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1775770
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14179910&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Da-Jiang Liu
T1  - Lattice-gas modeling of CO adlayers on Pd(100).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4352
EP  - 4357
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Using a lattice-gas model with pairwise interactions, we study the ordered structures, coverage dependence of the heat of adsorption, and other experimentally observable behavior of adsorbed CO overlayers on Pd(100) single crystal surfaces. Transfer matrix and Monte Carlo methods give accurate information regarding the lattice-gas model that often contradicts simple mean-field-like analysis. We demonstrate the usefulness of the model by reproducing experimental results over a large range of pressures and temperatures. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14179899; Da-Jiang Liu 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, U. S. Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011.; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 9, p4352; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1778134
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14179899&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pyda, M.
AU  - Bopp, R.C.
AU  - Wunderlich, B.
T1  - Heat capacity of poly(lactic acid)
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 36
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 731
EP  - 742
SN  - 00219614
AB  - The heat capacity of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is reported from T=(5 to 600) K as obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (d.s.c.) and adiabatic calorimetry. The heat capacity of solid PLA is linked to its group vibrational spectrum and the skeletal vibrations, the latter being described by a Tarasov equation with <f>Θ1=574</f> K, <f>Θ2=Θ3=52</f> K, and nine skeletal vibrations. The calculated and experimental heat capacities agree to ±3% between T=(5 and 300) K. The experimental heat capacity of liquid PLA can be expressed by <f>Cp(liquid)=(120.17+0.076T)</f> J · K-1 · mol-1 and has been compared to the ATHAS Data Bank, using contributions of other polymers with the same constituent groups. The glass transition temperature of amorphous PLA occurs at <f>T=332.5</f> K with a change in heat capacity of 43.8 J · K-1 · mol-1. Depending on thermal history, semi-crystalline PLA has a melting endotherm between T=(418 and 432) K with variable heats of fusion. For 100% crystalline PLA, the heat of fusion is estimated to be (6.55 ± 0.02) kJ · mol-1 at <f>T=480</f> K. With these results, the enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs function of crystalline and amorphous PLA were obtained. For semi-crystalline samples, one can check changes of crystallinity with temperature and judge the presence of rigid-amorphous fractions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LACTIC acid
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - Crystallinity
KW  - Glass transition
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Heats of fusion
KW  - Melting
KW  - Poly(lactic acid)
KW  - Rigid-amorphous fraction
N1  - Accession Number: 13808336; Pyda, M. 1,2; Email Address: mpyda@utk.edu Bopp, R.C. 3 Wunderlich, B. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, 563 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA  3: Cargill Dow LLD, Minnetonka, MN 55343, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 36 Issue 9, p731; Subject Term: LACTIC acid; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallinity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heats of fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(lactic acid); Author-Supplied Keyword: Rigid-amorphous fraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jct.2004.05.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13808336&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Zuojiang
AU  - Pan, Zhengwei
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - Nitrogen adsorption characterization of aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes and their acid modification
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 277
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 42
SN  - 00219797
AB  - Aligned multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays were synthesized by using an iron-based sol–gel catalyst and acetylene as the precursor. These CNTs show high purity, uniform diameters and pore-wall thickness. Low temperature nitrogen adsorption was employed to characterize the structural and surface properties of the as-synthesized sample and that modified with boiling concentrated nitric acid. The adsorption characteristics of the as-synthesized and modified CNTs were thoroughly investigated. High-resolution comparative <f>αs</f>-plot showed that the nitrogen adsorption on CNTs takes place via a multistage mechanism closely related to their structures. It was also found that the acid modification significantly increased the adsorption energy and enhanced the adsorption capacity under low pressures. High-resolution comparative method provided valuable insights about the surface and pore structures of CNTs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - <f>αs</f>-Plot
KW  - Carbon nanotubes
KW  - Nitrogen adsorption
KW  - Surface modification
N1  - Accession Number: 13905591; Li, Zuojiang 1 Pan, Zhengwei 1 Dai, Sheng; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, MS-6201, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 277 Issue 1, p35; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>αs</f>-Plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface modification; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.05.024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13905591&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Shengtai
AU  - Li, Hui
T1  - A novel approach of divergence-free reconstruction for adaptive mesh refinement
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 199
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A simple novel approach to maintain the divergence-free condition with adaptive mesh refinement is presented. This new approach uses reconstructions on the coarse faces together with the divergence-free condition to reconstruct the field values on the internal fine faces. It does not construct a global interpolation polynomial over a whole coarse cell. Therefore, it can be easily applied to any refinement ratio. It is implemented via a directionally splitting approach so that it can be applied to any kind of grids and in any dimensions. Implementation is presented in the Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical geometries. It is shown by several 2D magneto-hydrodynamic simulations that such a method can keep the divergence-free error of magnetic fields at the round-off level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FINITE volume method
KW  - Adaptive mesh refinement
KW  - Cylindrical geometry
KW  - Divergence-free
KW  - Finite volume method
KW  - Magnetohydrodynamics
KW  - Spherical geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 14101188; Li, Shengtai 1; Email Address: sli@lanl.gov Li, Hui 2; Email Address: hli@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS B284, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Applied Physics Division, MS B288, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 199 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FINITE volume method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive mesh refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cylindrical geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divergence-free; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite volume method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetohydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spherical geometry; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.01.027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14101188&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Densmore, Jeffery D.
AU  - Larsen, Edward W.
T1  - Asymptotic equilibrium diffusion analysis of time-dependent Monte Carlo methods for grey radiative transfer
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 199
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 204
SN  - 00219991
AB  - The equations of nonlinear, time-dependent radiative transfer are known to yield the equilibrium diffusion equation as the leading-order solution of an asymptotic analysis when the mean-free path and mean-free time of a photon become small. We apply this same analysis to the Fleck–Cummings, Carter–Forest, and N''kaoua Monte Carlo approximations for grey (frequency-independent) radiative transfer. Although Monte Carlo simulation usually does not require the discretizations found in deterministic transport techniques, Monte Carlo methods for radiative transfer require a time discretization due to the nonlinearities of the problem. If an asymptotic analysis of the equations used by a particular Monte Carlo method yields an accurate time-discretized version of the equilibrium diffusion equation, the method should generate accurate solutions if a time discretization is chosen that resolves temperature changes, even if the time steps are much larger than the mean-free time of a photon. This analysis is of interest because in many radiative transfer problems, it is a practical necessity to use time steps that are large compared to a mean-free time. Our asymptotic analysis shows that: (i) the N''kaoua method has the equilibrium diffusion limit, (ii) the Carter–Forest method has the equilibrium diffusion limit if the material temperature change during a time step is small, and (iii) the Fleck–Cummings method does not have the equilibrium diffusion limit. We include numerical results that verify our theoretical predictions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
KW  - Asymptotic analysis
KW  - Monte Carlo
KW  - Radiative transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 14101196; Densmore, Jeffery D. 1; Email Address: jdd@lanl.gov Larsen, Edward W. 2; Email Address: edlarsen@engin.umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Transport Methods Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 199 Issue 1, p175; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asymptotic analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative transfer; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.02.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14101196&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnum, Howard
AU  - Saks, Michael
T1  - A lower bound on the quantum query complexity of read-once functions
JO  - Journal of Computer & System Sciences
JF  - Journal of Computer & System Sciences
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 69
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
EP  - 258
SN  - 00220000
AB  - We establish a lower bound of <f>Ω(√ of n)</f> on the bounded-error quantum query complexity of read-once Boolean functions. The result is proved via an inductive argument, together with an extension of a lower bound method of Ambainis. Ambainis’ method involves viewing a quantum computation as a mapping from inputs to quantum states (unit vectors in a complex inner-product space) which changes as the computation proceeds. Initially the mapping is constant (the state is independent of the input). If the computation evalutes the function <f>f</f> then at the end of the computation the two states associated with any <f>f</f>-distinguished pair of inputs (having different <f>f</f> values) are nearly orthogonal. Thus the inner product of their associated states must have changed from 1 to nearly 0. For any set of <f>f</f>-distinguished pairs of inputs, the sum of the inner products of the corresponding pairs of states must decrease significantly during the computation, By deriving an upper bound on the decrease in such a sum, during a single step, for a carefully selected set of input pairs, one can obtain a lower bound on the number of steps.We extend Ambainis’ bound by considering general weighted sums of <f>f</f>-distinguished pairs. We then prove our result for read-once functions by induction on the number of variables, where the induction step involves a careful choice of weights depending on <f>f</f> to optimize the lower bound attained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computer & System Sciences is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - QUANTUM groups
KW  - 03.67.Lx
KW  - Decision tree complexity
KW  - Lower bounds
KW  - Quantum computation
KW  - Quantum query complexity
KW  - Query complexity
KW  - Read-once functions
N1  - Accession Number: 13958399; Barnum, Howard 1; Email Address: barnum@lanl.gov Saks, Michael 2; Email Address: saks@math.rutgers.edu; Affiliation:  1: CCS-3: Modelling, Algorithms, and Informatics, MS B256, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mathematics-Hill Center, 110 Frelinghuysen Road, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 69 Issue 2, p244; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: QUANTUM groups; Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.67.Lx; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decision tree complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lower bounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum computation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum query complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Query complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Read-once functions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcss.2004.02.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13958399&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Yu-Shu
AU  - Liu, H.H.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
T1  - A triple-continuum approach for modeling flow and transport processes in fractured rock
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 73
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 179
SN  - 01697722
AB  - This paper presents a triple-continuum conceptual model for simulating flow and transport processes in fractured rock. Field data collected from the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, a repository site of high-level nuclear waste, show a large number of small-scale fractures. The effect of these small fractures has not been considered in previous modeling investigations within the context of a continuum approach. A new triple-continuum model (consisting of matrix, small-fracture, and large-fracture continua) has been developed to investigate the effect of these small fractures. This paper derives the model formulation and discusses the basic triple-continuum behavior of flow and transport processes under different conditions, using both analytical solutions and numerical approaches. The simulation results from the site-scale model of the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain indicate that these small fractures may have an important effect on radionuclide transport within the mountain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Zone of aeration
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Fractures
KW  - Porous materials
KW  - Double-porosity
KW  - Dual-continuum porous media
KW  - Dual-permeability
KW  - Fractured unsaturated rock
KW  - Naturally fractured reservoir
KW  - Numerical reservoir simulation
KW  - Triple-continuum model
N1  - Accession Number: 14248905; Wu, Yu-Shu; Email Address: YSWu@lbl.gov; Liu, H.H. 1; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 73 Issue 1-4, p145; Thesaurus Term: Zone of aeration; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Subject Term: Fractures; Subject Term: Porous materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double-porosity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dual-continuum porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dual-permeability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured unsaturated rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Naturally fractured reservoir; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical reservoir simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triple-continuum model; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2004.01.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14248905&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benesch, Thorben
AU  - Yiacoumi, Sotira
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
T1  - Like-Charge Attraction: A Combined Electrostatic–Hydrodynamic Approach.
JO  - Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 585
EP  - 592
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01932691
AB  - This article discusses the like-charge attraction of colloidal spheres close to a charged plate and compares results produced by an electrostatic and a hydrodynamic model with experimental data. Hydrodynamic coupling is shown to be the dominating effect, while the electrostatic influence may often be neglected. Some observations, however, can be explained only by means of a combined electrostatic-hydrodynamic model, which is derived in this work. The combined model is able to predict not only the attractive force between particles of similar charge close to a charged plate but also the change to a purely repulsive force once the sphere-plate distance is further reduced. This prediction matches qualitatively results of experiments reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - Colloidal forces
KW  - Electrostatic-hydrodynamic model
KW  - Like-charge attraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14541125; Benesch, Thorben 1; Email Address: thorben.benesch@basf-ag.de Yiacoumi, Sotira 1; Email Address: syiacoumi@ce.gatech.edu Tsouris, Costas 2; Affiliation:  1: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 25 Issue 5, p585; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colloidal forces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrostatic-hydrodynamic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Like-charge attraction; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/DIS-200027308
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14541125&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei Wang
AU  - Baohua Gu
AU  - Liang, Liyuan
T1  - Effect of Surfactants on the Formation, Morphology, and Surface Property of Synthesized SiO2 Nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 601
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01932691
AB  - This study investigated the effect of cationic, anionic (saturated and unsaturated), and nonionic surfactants on the formation, morphology, and surface properties of silica nanoparticles synthesized by the ammonium-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane in alcoholic media. Results indicate that at a relatively low surfactant concentration (1 × 10-3-1 × 10-6M), cationic surfactants significantly affected the growth of silica particles as measured by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopic analyses. In contrast, the anionic and nonionic surfactants showed relatively minor effects in the low concentration range. The magnitude of negative zeta potential was reduced for silica colloids that were synthesized in the presence of cationic surfactant because of charge neutralization. The presence of anionic surfactants only slightly increased the negative zeta potential while the nonionic surfactant showed no obvious effects. At high surfactant concentrations (> 1 × 10-3 M), cationic and anionic surfactants both induced colloid aggregation, while the nonionic surfactant showed no effect on particle size. Raman spectroscopic analysis suggests that molecules of cationic surfactants adsorb on silica surfaces via head groups, aided by favorable electrostatic attraction, while molecules of anionic and nonionic surfactants adsorb via their hydrophobic tails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE active agents
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - ZETA potential
KW  - Colloid
KW  - Nanoparticle
KW  - Raman spectra
KW  - Silica
KW  - Surfactant
KW  - Synthesis
N1  - Accession Number: 14541124; Wei Wang 1; Email Address: wangw@ornl.gov Baohua Gu 1 Liang, Liyuan 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.  2: School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 25 Issue 5, p593; Subject Term: SURFACE active agents; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: ZETA potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colloid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surfactant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/DIS-200027309
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14541124&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, Madhavi Z.
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - Garten, Jr., Charles T.
AU  - Palumbo, Anthony V.
AU  - Smith, John G.
T1  - Elemental Analysis of Environmental and Biological Samples Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Pulsed Raman Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 687
EP  - 694
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01932691
AB  - Laser-induced breakdown specftoscopy (LIBS) and a relatively new technique, pulsed Raman spectroscopy (P-RAMS) are used in this investigation to measure the elemental composition of soils and heterogeneous biological matrices. The LIBS method was used effectively to determine the elemental concentration of carbon and nitrogen in soils, and the presence of metal contaminants in invertebrates. The P-RAMS method was used in exploratory studies to assess prominent molecular vibration peaks from the same soils analyzed using LIBS. The P-RAMS spectra for the different soils show a close relationship to the fraction of organic carbon in soils. Our results demonstrate that these techniques greatly facilitate elemental analysis of heterogeneous environmental and biological matrices by reducing sample preparation and analysis times. These techniques can also provide semi-quantitative results on a regular basis and quantitative results in particular cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - BIOLOGICAL specimens
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - METALS
KW  - Elemental analysis of environmental and biological samples
KW  - LIBS
KW  - Pulsed Raman spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14541116; Martin, Madhavi Z. 1; Email Address: martinm1@ornl.gov Wullschleger, Stan D. 1 Garten, Jr., Charles T. 1 Palumbo, Anthony V. 1 Smith, John G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 25 Issue 5, p687; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL specimens; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: METALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elemental analysis of environmental and biological samples; Author-Supplied Keyword: LIBS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed Raman spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/DIS-200027329
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14541116&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gabitto, Jorge
AU  - Riestenberg, David
AU  - Sangyong Lee
AU  - Liyuan Liang
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
T1  - Ocean Disposal of CO2: Conditions for Producing Sinking CO2 Hydrate.
JO  - Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology
JF  - Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 703
EP  - 712
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 01932691
AB  - Carbon dioxide sequestration at intermediate ocean depths in the form of a sinking CO2 stream has been shown to be technically feasible. Buoyancy characteristics of CO2 hydrate particles obtained from a coflow reactor operating under conditions that produce negatively buoyant CO2 hydrate composite particles were studied. Using a simplified process model, the limiting ratios of CO2 to water to produce sinking hydrate composite streams were established for pressure and temperature conditions of intermediate ocean depths. A kinetic model involving a mass transfer step and a reaction step was proposed to explain experimental data using a seafloor process simulator. Results suggest that the reactor operates under mass-transfer controlled conditions. Although the density of freshwater is only a few percentage units less than that of seawater, operating conditions derived from freshwater-based studies are significantly different for ambient seawater. Owing to the higher density of seawater, greater conversion of CO2 to hydrate is needed to obtain a sinking CO2 composite stream than at the same depth of freshwater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Dispersion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON dioxide sinks
KW  - SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry)
KW  - MASS transfer
KW  - HYDRATES
KW  - OCEAN
KW  - SEAWATER
KW  - Ocean carbon sequestration; CO2 hydrate; Mass transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 14541114; Gabitto, Jorge 1,2 Riestenberg, David 1 Sangyong Lee 1 Liyuan Liang 1 Tsouris, Costas 1; Email Address: tsourise@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.  2: Chemical Engineering Department, Prairie View A & M University, Prairie View, Texas, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 25 Issue 5, p703; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide sinks; Subject Term: SEQUESTRATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: MASS transfer; Subject Term: HYDRATES; Subject Term: OCEAN; Subject Term: SEAWATER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ocean carbon sequestration; CO2 hydrate; Mass transfer; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/DIS-200027332
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14541114&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jellison, Brandon J.
AU  - Kess, Harold R.
AU  - Adams, Douglas E.
AU  - Nelson, David C.
T1  - Nondestructive Evalutation of Parts With Degenerate Modes Using Pseudorepeated Roots.
JO  - Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, & Control
JF  - Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, & Control
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 126
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 498
EP  - 508
SN  - 00220434
AB  - Investigates the use of a qualitative nondestructive testing techniques to diagnose problems in manufacturing processes. Enhancement of the quality of sound that a musical instrument produce; Details on the properties of mechanical systems; Accounts on the fundamental properties of symmetric linear mechanical systems.
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - PRODUCTION engineering
KW  - NONDESTRUCTIVE testing
KW  - SOUND
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15479959; Jellison, Brandon J. 1; Email Address: bjjellison@purdue.edu Kess, Harold R. 1; Email Address: hkess1@purdue.edu Adams, Douglas E. 2; Email Address: deadams@purdue.edu Nelson, David C. 3; Email Address: dnelson@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Research Assistant, Purdue University, School of Mechanical Engineering, 140 S. Intramural Drive, Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2031  2: Assistant Professor, Purdue University, School of Mechanical Engineering, 140 S. Intramural Drive, Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2031  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p498; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: PRODUCTION engineering; Subject Term: NONDESTRUCTIVE testing; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 16 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1789536
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15479959&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bement, Matt
AU  - Jayasuriya, Suhada
T1  - Construction of a Set of Nonovershooting Tracking Controllers.
JO  - Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, & Control
JF  - Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, & Control
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 126
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 558
EP  - 567
SN  - 00220434
AB  - Proposes two different techniques for obtaining a continuous time, nonovershooting, feedback controller for a wide variety of linear single input, single output systems. Problem of tracking a known reference without overshooting; Existence of a non-negative realization for both the continuous and discrete time cases; Relationship between the free controller zeros and the resulting impulse response.
KW  - FEEDBACK control systems
KW  - AUTOMATIC control
KW  - LINEAR systems
KW  - AUTOMATIC tracking
N1  - Accession Number: 15479964; Bement, Matt 1 Jayasuriya, Suhada 2; Affiliation:  1: ESA-WR, MS PT080, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3123; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p558; Subject Term: FEEDBACK control systems; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC control; Subject Term: LINEAR systems; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC tracking; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1789971
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15479964&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bement, Matt
AU  - Jayasuriya, Suhada
T1  - Use of State Feedback to Achieve a Nonovershooting Step Response for a Class of Nonminimum Phase System.
JO  - Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, & Control
JF  - Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, & Control
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 126
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 657
EP  - 660
SN  - 00220434
AB  - Investigates the use of state feedback to achieve a nonovershooting response for a class of non-minimum phase systems. Problem of tracking a known reference without overshooting; Relationship between the free controller zeros and the resulting impulse response; Changes in the tracking error.
KW  - FEEDBACK control systems
KW  - AUTOMATIC control
KW  - AUTOMATIC tracking
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15479975; Bement, Matt 1 Jayasuriya, Suhada 2; Affiliation:  1: ESA-WR, MS PT080, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Kotzebue Endowed Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3123; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p657; Subject Term: FEEDBACK control systems; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC control; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC tracking; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1790540
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuhrmann, Mark
AU  - Fitts, Jeffrey P.
T1  - Adsorption of Trace Metals on Glass Fiber Filters.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Quality
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 33
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1943
EP  - 1944
SN  - 00472425
AB  - Determines the relationship between sorption on the glass-fiber material and concentration of a background salt. Removal of substantial quantities of trace metals from solutions of low ionic strength; Use of syringe filters in environmental research; Adsorption of trace metals onto glass-fiber material.
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Trace metal
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Filters & filtration
KW  - Glass fibers
KW  - Ionic solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 14516700; Fuhrmann, Mark 1; Email Address: fuhrmann@bnl.gov; Fitts, Jeffrey P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Department, Building 830, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 33 Issue 5, p1943; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Trace metal; Thesaurus Term: Adsorption; Thesaurus Term: Filters & filtration; Subject Term: Glass fibers; Subject Term: Ionic solutions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326193 Motor vehicle plastic parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 313210 Broadwoven Fabric Mills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327993 Mineral Wool Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waichler, Scott R.
AU  - Wigmosta, Mark S.
T1  - Application of Hydrograph Shape and Channel Infiltration Models to an Arid Watershed.
JO  - Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
EP  - 439
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 10840699
AB  - Ephemeral streamflows measured during January 1995 at upstream and downstream locations in Cold Creek, near the arid Hanford Site, in the state of Washington, were analyzed. Double triangle and composite hydrograph models fit these flow events relatively well, with mean efficiency≈0.7. The composite hydrograph model is slightly preferable to the double triangle model for having one less parameter and a built-in method for quantifying base flow. A strong linear relationship was found between upstream and downstream flow volumes (R2=0.99,p<0.001), and a linearized exponential decay model for channel infiltration was used to estimate flow loss to infiltration as 19% of volume per km. As compared to the humid and semiarid environments where most of these techniques have been previously applied, the colder and more arid setting of Hanford produces runoff much less frequently and has greater channel infiltration capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrologic Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Streamflow
KW  - Hydrography
KW  - Arid regions
KW  - Extreme environments
KW  - Hanford Site (Wash.)
KW  - Washington (State)
KW  - United States
KW  - Arid lands
KW  - Hydrographs
KW  - Washington.
KW  - Water infiltration
KW  - Watersheds
N1  - Accession Number: 14152150; Waichler, Scott R. 1; Email Address: scott.waichler@pnl.gov; Wigmosta, Mark S. 1; Email Address: mark.wigmosta@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K9-36, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352.; Issue Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p433; Thesaurus Term: Streamflow; Thesaurus Term: Hydrography; Thesaurus Term: Arid regions; Thesaurus Term: Extreme environments; Subject Term: Hanford Site (Wash.); Subject: Washington (State); Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arid lands; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrographs; Author-Supplied Keyword: Washington.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water infiltration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Watersheds; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2004)9:5(433)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kyriakidis, P.C.
AU  - Miller, N.L.
AU  - Kim, J.
T1  - A spatial time series framework for simulating daily precipitation at regional scales
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 297
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
EP  - 255
SN  - 00221694
AB  - A spatiotemporal stochastic simulation approach for constructing maps of daily precipitation at regional scales in a hindcast mode is proposed in this paper. Parametric temporal trend models of precipitation are first established at the available rain gauges. Temporal trend model parameters are then regionalized in space accounting for their spatial auto- and cross-correlation, as well as for their relationships with auxiliary spatial information such as terrain elevation. The resulting residual values at the rain gauges are modeled as a realization of a stationary spatiotemporal process. Sequential simulation is then used to generate alternative synthetic realizations of daily precipitation fields, which reproduce: (i) the rain gauge measurements, and (ii) their histogram and a model for their spatiotemporal correlation over the entire study region and time period of interest. In addition, a post-processing transformation allows reproduction of the rainfall histogram at particular dates, while preserving the observed rain gauge data.A case study illustrates the applicability of the proposed methodology using daily precipitation measurements recorded at 77 rain gauges in the northern California coastal region from Nov 1, 1981 to Jan 31, 1982. Conditional stochastic simulation in space and time is performed for generating a 30-member ensemble of daily precipitation fields on a 300×360 grid of cell size 1 km2 for the above time period. It is shown that simulated precipitation fields reproduce the spatiotemporal characteristics of the rain gauge measurements, thus providing realistic inputs of precipitation forcing for hydrologic impact assessment studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
KW  - RAIN & rainfall
KW  - RAIN gauges
KW  - METEOROLOGICAL instruments
KW  - Cokriging
KW  - Conditional stochastic simulation
KW  - Daily precipitation
KW  - Digital elevation model
KW  - Geostatistics
KW  - NCAR/NCEP reanalysis
KW  - Rainfall modeling
KW  - Spatial time series
N1  - Accession Number: 13805748; Kyriakidis, P.C. 1; Email Address: phaedon@geog.ucsb.edu Miller, N.L. 2 Kim, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geography, University of California, Ellison Hall 5710, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA  2: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 297 Issue 1-4, p236; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: RAIN & rainfall; Subject Term: RAIN gauges; Subject Term: METEOROLOGICAL instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cokriging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conditional stochastic simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Daily precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital elevation model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geostatistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: NCAR/NCEP reanalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rainfall modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial time series; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.04.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matlachov, Andrei N.
AU  - Volegov, Petr L.
AU  - Espy, Michelle A.
AU  - George, John S.
AU  - Kraus Jr., Robert H.
T1  - SQUID detected NMR in microtesla magnetic fields
JO  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
JF  - Journal of Magnetic Resonance
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 170
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
SN  - 10907807
AB  - We have built an NMR system that employs a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) detector and operates in measurement fields of 2–25 μT. The system uses a pre-polarizing field from 4 to 30 mT generated by simple room-temperature wire-wound coils that are turned off during measurements. The instrument has an open geometry with samples located outside the cryostat at room-temperature. This removes constraints on sample size and allows us to obtain signals from living tissue. We have obtained 1H NMR spectra from a variety of samples including water, mineral oil, and a live frog. We also acquired gradient encoded free induction decay (FID) data from a water-plastic phantom in the μT regime, from which simple projection images were reconstructed. NMR signals from samples inside metallic containers have also been acquired. This is possible because the penetration skin depth is much greater at the low operating frequencies of this system than for conventional systems. Advantages to ultra-low field NMR measurements include lower susceptibility artifacts caused by high strength polarizing and measurement fields, and negligible line width broadening due to measurement field inhomogeneity, reducing the burden of producing highly homogeneous fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetic Resonance is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14189640; Matlachov, Andrei N. 1 Volegov, Petr L. 1 Espy, Michelle A.; Email Address: espy@lanl.gov George, John S. 1 Kraus Jr., Robert H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Biophysics Group, MS D454, Los Alamos, NM87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 170 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.05.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Amaya-Tapia, A.
AU  - Gasaneo, G.
AU  - Ovchinnikov, S.
AU  - Macek, J. H.
AU  - Larsen, S. Y.
T1  - Integral representation of one-dimensional three particle scattering for δ function interactions.
JO  - Journal of Mathematical Physics
JF  - Journal of Mathematical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 45
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 3533
EP  - 3545
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00222488
AB  - The Schrödinger equation, in hyperspherical coordinates, is solved in closed form for a system of three particles on a line, interacting via pair delta functions. This is for the case of equal masses and potential strengths. The interactions are replaced by appropriate boundary conditions. This leads then to requiring the solution of a free-particle Schrödinger equation subject to these boundary conditions. A generalized Kontorovich–Lebedev transformation is used to write this solution as an integral involving a product of Bessel functions and pseudo-Sturmian functions. The coefficient of the product is obtained from a three-term recurrence relation, derived from the boundary condition. The contours of the Kontorovich–Lebedev representation are fixed by the asymptotic conditions. The scattering matrix is then derived from the exact solution of the recurrence relation. The wavefunctions that are obtained are shown to be equivalent to those derived by McGuire. The method can clearly be applied to a larger number of particles and hopefully might be useful for unequal masses and potentials.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Mathematical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMMUNION service music
KW  - INTEGRAL representations
KW  - MATHEMATICAL crystallography
KW  - REPRESENTATIONS of groups (Algebra)
KW  - TRANSCENDENTAL functions
KW  - BESSEL functions
N1  - Accession Number: 14227835; Amaya-Tapia, A. 1 Gasaneo, G. 2,3 Ovchinnikov, S. 4 Macek, J. H. 2,4 Larsen, S. Y. 5; Affiliation:  1: Centro de Ciencias Físicas, UNAM, AP 48-3, Cuernavaca, Mor. 62251, Mexico.  2: Department of physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1501.  3: Departamento de Física, Universidad nacional del Sur, Au. Alem 1253, (8000) Bahía Blanca, Buenos aires, Argentina.  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  5: Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 45 Issue 9, p3533; Subject Term: COMMUNION service music; Subject Term: INTEGRAL representations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL crystallography; Subject Term: REPRESENTATIONS of groups (Algebra); Subject Term: TRANSCENDENTAL functions; Subject Term: BESSEL functions; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1769613
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Song, M.
AU  - Mitsuishi, K.
AU  - Furuya, K.
AU  - Allen, C. W.
AU  - Birtcher, R. C.
AU  - Donnelly, S. E.
T1  - Structure of nanometre-sized Xe particles embedded in Al crystals.
JO  - Journal of Microscopy
JF  - Journal of Microscopy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 215
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 224
EP  - 229
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00222720
AB  - The structure and lattice parameters of Xe particles about 1 nm to about 6 nm in size embedded in Al were investigated with off-Bragg condition high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. An Xe particle about 1 nm in size had different structural properties from those 2–6 nm in sizes. Some 1-nm Xe particles had an face-centred cubic (f.c.c.) structure with the same orientation as the Al matrix, whereas others of the same size had a non-f.c.c. structure. The lattice parameters of a 1-nm f.c.c. Xe particle were about 20% smaller than the average value obtained from electron diffraction, i.e. the particle was compressed by about 80%. The lattice parameters of Xe crystals about 2 nm to about 6 nm in size were almost the same as those obtained from diffraction results. One of the reasons for the extra compression seen with a 1-nm Xe particle is the increase in pressure inside an Xe particle with decreasing particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microscopy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XENON
KW  - ALUMINUM crystals
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SIZE reduction of materials
KW  - Al
KW  - HREM
KW  - nanoparticles
KW  - Xe particles.
N1  - Accession Number: 14160504; Song, M. 1; Email Address: minghui.song@nims.go.jp Mitsuishi, K. 1 Furuya, K. 1 Allen, C. W. 2 Birtcher, R. C. 2 Donnelly, S. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute for Materials Science, 3-13 Sakura, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050003 Japan.  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.  3: Joule Physics Laboratory, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, U.K.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 215 Issue 3, p224; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: ALUMINUM crystals; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SIZE reduction of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: HREM; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Xe particles.; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0022-2720.2004.01369.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Masiello, Tony
AU  - Vulpanovici, Nicolae
AU  - Barber, Jeffrey
AU  - Chrysostom, Engelene t.H.
AU  - Nibler, Joseph W.
AU  - Maki, Arthur
AU  - Blake, Thomas A.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
AU  - Weber, Alfons
T1  - Analysis of high-resolution infrared and CARS spectra of 32S18O3
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 227
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 50
EP  - 59
SN  - 00222852
AB  - As part of a series of investigations of isotopic forms of sulfur trioxide, high-resolution infrared and coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopies were used to study the fundamental modes and several hot bands of 32S18O3. Upper levels of hot bands originating from the <f>ν2</f> and <f>ν4</f> bending mode states have been found to couple strongly to the upper levels of the IR-inactive <f>ν1</f> symmetric stretch through indirect Coriolis interactions and Fermi resonances. Coriolis coupling effects are particularly noticeable in 32S18O3 due to the close proximity of the <f>ν2</f> and <f>ν4</f> fundamental vibrations, whose deperturbed wavenumber values are 486.48813(4) and 504.28477(4) cm-1. The uncertainties in the last digits are shown in parentheses and are two standard deviations. From the infrared transitions, accurate rovibrational constants are deduced for all of the mixed states, leading to deperturbed values for <f>ν1</f>, <f>α1B</f>, and <f>α1C</f> of 1004.68(2), 0.000713(2), and 0.000348(2) cm-1, respectively. The <f>Be</f> value is found to be 0.310820(2) cm-1, yielding an equilibrium bond length <f>re</f> of 141.7333(4) pm that is, within experimental uncertainty, identical to the value of 141.7339(3) pm reported previously for 34S18O3. With this work, precise and accurate spectroscopic constants have now been determined in a systematic and consistent manner for all the fundamental vibrational modes of the sulfur trioxide <f>D3h</f> isotopomeric forms 32S16O3, 34S16O3, 32S18O3, and 34S18O3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - CARS
KW  - Fermi resonance
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Oxygen-18
KW  - Spectrum
KW  - Sulfur trioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 13958505; Masiello, Tony 1,2 Vulpanovici, Nicolae 1 Barber, Jeffrey 1 Chrysostom, Engelene t.H. 1 Nibler, Joseph W. 1; Email Address: Niblerj@chem.orst.edu Maki, Arthur 3 Blake, Thomas A. 2 Sams, Robert L. 2 Weber, Alfons 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-4003, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: 15012 24th Ave. S.E. Mill Creek, WA 98012, USA  4: National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USA  5: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 227 Issue 1, p50; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CARS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen-18; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur trioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jms.2004.05.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Newton, T.W.
AU  - Hobart, David E.
T1  - Comment on ‘Plutonium chemistry: a synthesis of experimental data and a quantitative model for plutonium oxide solubility’ by J.M. Haschke and V.M. Oversby
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 334
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 222
EP  - 224
SN  - 00223115
AB  - In part of a recent paper [J. Nucl. Mater. 305 (2002) 187] the authors examined the published data on the disproportionation of Pu(V) and the self-reduction of Pu(VI) in aqueous solution. They conclude that alpha particle-induced reduction of Pu(VI) is contrary to the experimental observations. It is shown here that, with the exception of results at pH 6, the authors have misinterpreted the published data. It is also demonstrated that the published data are in agreement with the generally accepted alpha-reduction mechanism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM oxides
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - TRANSURANIUM elements
N1  - Accession Number: 14188104; Newton, T.W. Hobart, David E. 1; Email Address: dhobart@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 334 Issue 2/3, p222; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM oxides; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: TRANSURANIUM elements; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.05.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheller, Michael R.
AU  - Crowther, Roger S.
AU  - Kinney, John H.
AU  - Yang, Jinping
AU  - Di Jorio, Sherry
AU  - Breunig, Tom
AU  - Carney, Darrell H.
AU  - Ryaby, James T.
T1  - Repair of rabbit segmental defects with the thrombin peptide, TP508
JO  - Journal of Orthopaedic Research
JF  - Journal of Orthopaedic Research
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1094
EP  - 1099
SN  - 07360266
AB  - The synthetic peptide, TP508 (Chrysalin®), was delivered to rabbit segmental bone defects in biodegradable controlled-release PLGA microspheres to determine its potential efficacy for enhancing healing of non-critically and critically sized segmental defects. Non-critically sized radial defects were created in the forelimbs of New Zealand White rabbits, which were randomized into three treatment groups receiving 10, 50 and 100 μg doses of TP508 in the right radius and control microspheres (without TP508) in the left radius. Torsional testing of the radii at six weeks showed a significant increase in ultimate torque, failure torque, ultimate energy, failure energy, and stiffness when treated with TP508 compared to controls (<f>p<0.01</f> for all measures). Thus, TP508 appeared to enhance or accelerate bone growth in these defects.In a second set of experiments, critically sized ulnar defects were created in the forelimbs of New Zealand White rabbits, which were randomized into two groups with each rabbit receiving microspheres with 100 or 200 μg of TP508 into the right ulnar defect and control microspheres (without TP508) alone into the left ulnar defect. Bone healing was evaluated with plain radiographs, synchrotron-based microtomography, and mechanical testing. Radiographs of the rabbit limbs scored by three blinded, independent reviewers demonstrated a significantly higher degree of healing when treated with TP508 than their untreated control limbs (<f>p<0.05</f>). Three-dimensional synchrotron tomography of a limited number of samples showed that the new bone in TP508-treated samples had a less porous surface appearance and open marrow spaces, suggesting progression of bone remodeling. Torsional testing of the ulnae at nine weeks showed a significant increase in maximum torque and failure energy when treated with TP508 compared to controls (<f>p<0.01</f> for both measures). These results suggest that TP508 in a controlled release delivery vehicle has the potential to enhance healing of segmental defects in both critically and non-critically sized defects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Orthopaedic Research is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BONE
KW  - FORAMINIFERA
KW  - HEALING
KW  - THROMBIN
KW  - Mechanical testing
KW  - Microtomography
KW  - Rabbit model
KW  - Radius
KW  - Segmental bone defect
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
KW  - Thrombin related peptide
KW  - Ulna
N1  - Accession Number: 14034163; Sheller, Michael R. 1,2 Crowther, Roger S. 3 Kinney, John H. 4,5 Yang, Jinping 6 Di Jorio, Sherry 1,2 Breunig, Tom 5 Carney, Darrell H. 3,6 Ryaby, James T. 1,2; Email Address: jryaby@olgc.com; Affiliation:  1: Research and Development, OrthoLogic Corp, 1275 W. Washington Street, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA  2: Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA  3: Chrysalis Biotechnology, Galveston, TX 77550, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  5: University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA  6: University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p1094; Subject Term: BONE; Subject Term: FORAMINIFERA; Subject Term: HEALING; Subject Term: THROMBIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microtomography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rabbit model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radius; Author-Supplied Keyword: Segmental bone defect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thrombin related peptide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ulna; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.orthres.2004.03.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang
AU  - D. C.
AU  - Hwang
AU  - K. S.
AU  - Salmeron
AU  - M.
AU  - Somorjai
AU  - G. A.
T1  - High Pressure Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study of CO Poisoning of Ethylene Hydrogenation on Pt(111) and Rh(111) Single Crystals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 108
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 13300
EP  - 13306
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Using a high-pressure scanning tunneling microscope we monitored the coadsorption of hydrogen, ethylene, and carbon dioxide on platinum(111) and rhodium(111) crystal faces in the mtorr pressure range at 300 K in equilibrium with the gas phase. During the catalytic hydrogenation of ethylene to ethane in the absence of CO the metal surfaces are covered by an adsorbate layer that is very mobile on the time scale of STM imaging. We found that the addition of CO poisons the hydrogenation reaction and induces ordered structures on the single-crystal surfaces. Several ordered structures were observed upon CO addition to the surfaces precovered with hydrogen and ethylene:  a rotated ([inline equation]  × [inline equation] )R23.4° on Pt(111), and domains of c(4 × 2)-CO + C2H3, previously unobserved (4 × 2)-CO + 3C2H3, and (2 × 2)-3CO on Rh(111). A mechanism for CO poisoning of ethylene hydrogenation on the metal single crystals was proposed, in which CO blocks surface metal sites and reduces adsorbate mobility to limit adsorption and reaction rate of ethylene and hydrogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CARBON compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 15092145; Tang D. C. 1 Hwang K. S. 1 Salmeron M. 1 Somorjai G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 108 Issue 35, p13300; Subject Term: ETHYLENE; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Özgökmen, Tamay M.
AU  - Fischer, Paul F.
AU  - Jinqiao Duan
AU  - Iliescu, Traian
T1  - Three-Dimensional Turbulent Bottom Density Currents from a High-Order Nonhydrostatic Spectral Element Model.
JO  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
JF  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2006
EP  - 2026
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00223670
AB  - Overflows are bottom gravity currents that supply dense water masses generated in high-latitude and marginal seas into the general circulation. Oceanic observations have revealed that mixing of overflows with ambient water masses takes place over small spatial and time scales. Studies with ocean general circulation models indicate that the strength of the thermohaline circulation is strongly sensitive to representation of overflows in these models. In light of these results, overflow-induced mixing emerges as one of the prominent oceanic processes. In this study, as a continuation of an effort to develop appropriate process models for overflows, nonhydrostatic 3D simulations of bottom gravity are carried out that would complement analysis of dedicated observations and large-scale ocean modeling. A parallel high-order spectral-element Navier­Stokes solver is used as the basis of the simulations. Numerical experiments are conducted in an idealized setting focusing on the startup phase of a dense water mass released at the top of a sloping wedge. Results from 3D experiments are compared with results from 2D experiments and laboratory experiments, based on propagation speed of the density front, growth rate of the characteristic head at the leading edge, turbulent overturning length scales, and entrainment parameters. Results from 3D experiments are found to be in general agreement with those from laboratory tank experiments. In 2D simulations, the propagation speed is approximately 20% slower than that of the 3D experiments and the head growth rate is 3 times as large, Thorpe scales are 1.3–1.5 times as large, and the entrainment parameter is up to 2 times as large as those in the 3D experiments. The differences between 2D and 3D simulations are entirely due to internal factors associated with the truncation of the Navier­Stokes equations for 2D approximation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water masses
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Earth sciences
KW  - Physical sciences
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Oceanography -- Experiments
N1  - Accession Number: 14509671; Özgökmen, Tamay M. 1; Email Address: tozgokmen@rsmas.miami.edu; Fischer, Paul F. 2; Jinqiao Duan 3; Iliescu, Traian 4; Affiliations: 1: Division of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; 2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; 3: Department of Applied Mathematics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois; 4: Department of Mathematics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 34 Issue 9, p2006; Thesaurus Term: Water masses; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Thesaurus Term: Physical sciences; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Subject Term: Oceanography -- Experiments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Devi, V. Malathy
AU  - Benner, D. Chris
AU  - Smith, M.A.H.
AU  - Rinsland, C.P.
AU  - Sharpe, Steven W.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
T1  - A multispectrum analysis of the <f>2ν2</f> spectral region of <f>H12C14N</f>: intensities, broadening and pressure-shift coefficients
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 87
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 339
EP  - 366
SN  - 00224073
AB  - High-resolution <f>(0.005 cm-1)</f> infrared absorption spectra of HCN in the <f>2ν2</f> band region near <f>1411 cm-1</f> have been recorded at room temperature using the Bruker IFS120HR Fourier transform spectrometer located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Four spectra of high-purity (99.8%) HCN together with three spectra of lean mixtures <f>(∼3%)</f> of HCN in dry air were simultaneously fit using a multispectrum nonlinear least-squares procedure. The analysis yielded room temperature values for absolute intensities, self- and air-broadening coefficients, and self- and air-induced pressure shift coefficients for numerous lines in the <f>2ν20</f> band of <f>H12C14N</f>. In addition, intensities, self- and air-broadening coefficients for several lines of the <f>3ν21-ν21</f> hot band, as well as intensities for a number of lines in the <f>2ν20</f> band of <f>H13C14N</f>, were also determined. Since there are no previous measurements of broadening and shift parameters reported in the <f>2ν20</f> band, our results are compared with values recently determined in the <f>ν1</f> band of <f>H12C14N</f> and with current HITRAN values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SPECTRAL line broadening
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - Absolute intensity
KW  - Broadening and shifts
KW  - Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy
KW  - HCN
KW  - HCN <f>2ν2</f> band
KW  - Infrared spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 13468889; Devi, V. Malathy 1; Email Address: m.d.venkataraman@larc.nasa.gov Benner, D. Chris 1 Smith, M.A.H. 2 Rinsland, C.P. 2 Sharpe, Steven W. 3 Sams, Robert L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The College of William and Mary, Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA  2: NASA Langley Research Center, Mail Stop 401A, Hampton, VA 23681-2199, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Mail Stop K8-88, Battelle Boulevard, P.O.Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 87 Issue 3/4, p339; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SPECTRAL line broadening; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absolute intensity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Broadening and shifts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: HCN; Author-Supplied Keyword: HCN <f>2ν2</f> band; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectra; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.03.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maya, L.
AU  - Gonzalez, B. D.
AU  - Lance, M. J.
AU  - Holcomb, D. E.
T1  - Electrodeposition of uranium dioxide films.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 261
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 605
EP  - 607
SN  - 02365731
AB  - Uranium dioxide films in a hydrated form are electrodeposited unto nickel plates starting with a uranyl nitrate solution in ammonium sulfate. The process is incidental to water splitting which is the dominant electrochemical pathway and as a consequence, the uranium deposition is highly dependent on experimental parameters that require close control such as the pH and concentration of the supporting electrolyte as well as current density, and the cell design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - TRANSURANIUM elements
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - THIN films
KW  - URANIUM compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 16782066; Maya, L. 1; Email Address: mayal@ornl.gov Gonzalez, B. D. 2 Lance, M. J. 3 Holcomb, D. E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008-6119, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA.  2: Operational Safety Services Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008-6119, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA.  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008-6119, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA.  4: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008-6119, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 261 Issue 3, p605; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Subject Term: TRANSURANIUM elements; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: URANIUM compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Laue, C. A.
AU  - Gates-Anderson, D.
AU  - Fitch, T. E.
T1  - Dissolution of metallic uranium and its alloys.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 261
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 709
EP  - 717
SN  - 02365731
AB  - This review focuses on dissolution/reaction systems capable of treating uranium metal waste to remove its pyrophoric properties. The primary emphasis is the review of literature describing analytical and production-scale dissolution methods applied to either uranium metal or uranium alloys. A brief summary of uranium's corrosion behavior is included since the corrosion resistance of metals and alloys affects their dissolution behavior. Based on this review, dissolution systems were recommended for subsequent screening studies designed to identify the best system to treat depleted uranium metal wastes at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - TRANSURANIUM elements
KW  - METAL wastes
KW  - AMALGAMATION
KW  - LABORATORIES
N1  - Accession Number: 16782051; Laue, C. A. 1; Email Address: laue1@llnl.gov Gates-Anderson, D. 2 Fitch, T. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CMS Environmental Services 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 954550, USA. E-mail: laue1@llnl.gov  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Waste Management Division 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 954550, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 261 Issue 3, p709; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: TRANSURANIUM elements; Subject Term: METAL wastes; Subject Term: AMALGAMATION; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fischetti, R.
AU  - Stepanov, S.
AU  - Rosenbaum, G.
AU  - Barrea, R.
AU  - Black, E.
AU  - Gore, D.
AU  - Heurich, R.
AU  - Kondrashkina, E.
AU  - Kropf, A. J.
AU  - Wang, S.
AU  - Ke Zhang
AU  - Irving, T. C.
AU  - Bunker, G. B.
T1  - The BioCAT undulator beamline 18ID: a facility for biological non-crystalline diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Advanced Photon Source.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
EP  - 405
SN  - 09090495
AB  - The 18ID undulator beamline of the Biophysics Collaborative Access Team at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, IL, USA, is a high-performance instrument designed for, and dedicated to, the study of partially ordered and disordered biological materials using the techniques of small-angle X-ray scattering, fiber diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The beamline and associated instrumentation are described in detail and examples of the representative experimental results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14537406; Fischetti, R. 1 Stepanov, S. 2 Rosenbaum, G. 3 Barrea, R. 1 Black, E. 1 Gore, D. 1 Heurich, R. 1 Kondrashkina, E. 1 Kropf, A. J. 3 Wang, S. 1 Ke Zhang 1 Irving, T. C. 1; Email Address: irving@biocat1.phys.iit.edu Bunker, G. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: The Biophysics Collaborative Access Team (BioCAT), Department of Biological Chemical and Physical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  2: SER-CAT, University of Georgia, USA  3: CMT Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 5, p399; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049504016760
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chambers, D. H.
AU  - Candy, J. V.
AU  - Lehman, S. K.
AU  - Kallman, J. S.
AU  - Poggio, A. J.
AU  - Meyer, A. W.
T1  - Time reversal and the spatio-temporal matched filter (L).
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 116
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1348
EP  - 1350
SN  - 00014966
AB  - It is known that focusing of an acoustic field by a time-reversal mirror (TRM) is equivalent to a spatio-temporal matched filter under conditions where the Green's function of the field satisfies reciprocity and is time invariant, i.e., the Green's function is independent of the choice of time origin. In this letter, it is shown that both reciprocity and time invariance can be replaced by a more general constraint on the Green's function that allows a TRM to implement the spatio-temporal matched filter even when conditions are time varying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GREEN'S functions
KW  - TIME reversal
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - POTENTIAL theory (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 20827440; Chambers, D. H. 1; Email Address: chambers2@11n1.gov Candy, J. V. 1 Lehman, S. K. 1 Kallman, J. S. 1 Poggio, A. J. 1 Meyer, A. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-9900; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 116 Issue 3, p1348; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Subject Term: TIME reversal; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: POTENTIAL theory (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1778839
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zielinska, Barbara
AU  - Sagebiel, John
AU  - McDonald, Jacob D.
AU  - Whitney, Kevin
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
T1  - Emission Rates and Comparative Chemical Composition from Selected In-Use Diesel and Gasoline-Fueled Vehicles.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 54
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1138
EP  - 1150
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 10962247
AB  - Emission samples for toxicity testing and detailed chemical characterization were collected from a variety of gasoline-and diesel-fueled in-use vehicles operated on the Unified Driving Cycle on a chassis dynamometer. Gasoline vehicles included normal particle mass (particulate matter [PM]) emitters (tested at 72 and 30 Fahrenheit), "black" and "white" smokers, and a new-technology vehicle (tested at 72 Fahrenheit). Diesel vehicles included current-technology vehicles (tested at 72 and 30 Fahrenheit)and a high PM emitter. Total PM emission rates ranged from below 3 mg/mi up to more than 700 mg/mi for the white smoker gasoline vehicle. Emission rates of organic and elemental carbon (OC/EC), elements (metals and associated analytes), ions, and a variety of particulate and semi-volatile organic compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAH] nitro-PAH, oxy-PAH, hopanes, and steranes) are reported for these vehicles. Speciated organic analysis also was conducted on the fuels and lube oils obtained from these vehicles after the emissions testing. The compositions of emissions were highly dependent on the fuel type (gasoline vs. diesel), the state of vehicle maintenance (low, average, or high emitters; white or black smokers), and ambient conditions (i.e., temperature) of the vehicles. Fuel and oil analyses from these vehicles showed that oil served as a repository for combustion byproducts (e.g. PAH), and oil-burning gasoline vehicles emitted PAH in higher concentrations than did other vehicles. These PAH emissions matched the PAH compositions observed in oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emission control
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Diesel fuels
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
N1  - Accession Number: 14490390; Zielinska, Barbara 1; Email Address: barbz@dri.edu; Sagebiel, John 1; McDonald, Jacob D. 2; Whitney, Kevin 3; Lawson, Douglas R. 4; Affiliations: 1: Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada; 2: Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico; 3: Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas; 4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 54 Issue 9, p1138; Thesaurus Term: Emission control; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Diesel fuels; Thesaurus Term: Gasoline; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Y.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Lian, J.
AU  - Rutter, N.A.
AU  - Shi, D.
AU  - Sathyamurthy, S.
AU  - Paranthaman, M.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Martin, P.M.
AU  - Kroeger, D.M.
T1  - Preparation of YBCO Films on CeO2-Buffered (001) YSZ Substrates by a Non-Fluorine MOD Method.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 87
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1669
EP  - 1676
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) films were fabricated via a fluorine- free metal organic deposition (MOD) method followed by high-temperature, low oxygen partial pressure annealing. Trimethyl acetate salts of copper, yttrium, and barium hydroxide were used as the precursors, which were dissolved in proponic acid- and amine-based solvents. After spin-coating and burn-out, samples were annealed at 740°C in 180 ppm oxygen partial pressure and exposed to humid atmosphere for different times. A critical transition temperature, Tc(R=0) of 90.2 K and a transport critical current density (Jc) of 0.55 MA/cm² (77 K and self-field) were obtained for 0.2 µm YBCO films on CeO2-buffered yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates. X-ray studies shows that the YBCO films have sharp In-plane and out-of-plane texture for all samples; however, the porosity of the YBCO film varies with the time of exposure to the humid atmosphere. A reaction between YRCO and CeO2 during the high-temperature anneals and formation of the reaction product BaCeO3 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The XRD and transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated that the epitaxial relations in the film were YRCO (00l)//CeO2 (00l)/YSZ (00l) and YBCO [10l]//CeO2 [110]//YSZ [110]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YTTRIUM alloys
KW  - THIN films
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - METAL organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - CERAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14497010; Xu, Y. 1,2 Goyal, A. 1 Lian, J. 3 Rutter, N.A. 1 Shi, D. 2 Sathyamurthy, S. 4 Paranthaman, M. 4 Wang, L. 3 Martin, P.M. 1 Kroeger, D.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Materials Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221  3: Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109  4: Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 87 Issue 9, p1669; Subject Term: YTTRIUM alloys; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: METAL organic chemical vapor deposition; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: CERAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanaka, Hisashi
AU  - Tokumoto, Madoka
AU  - Ishibashi, Shoji
AU  - Graf, David
AU  - Eun Sang Choi
AU  - Brooks, James S.
AU  - Yasuzuka, Syuma
AU  - Okano, Yoshinori
AU  - Kobayashi, Hayao
AU  - Kobayashi, Akiko
T1  - Observation of Three-Dimensional Fermi Surfaces in a Single-Component Molecular Metal, [Ni(tmdt)2].
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 126
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 10518
EP  - 10519
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article focuses on three-dimensional fermi surfaces in a single-component molecular metal. The single-component molecular crystal consisting of neutral metal complex molecules exhibits metallic behavior down to 0.6 K. The crystal has a very simple structure with only one molecule in the unit cell, where all the centers of molecules are on the lattice points. In addition, the existence of many intermolecular contacts much shorter than the van der Waals contacts suggests that in the crystal, the molecules assemble by interactions stronger than the Van der Waals interactions, that is, metallic bonds.
KW  - MOLECULAR crystals
KW  - METAL complexes
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - TRANSITION metal complexes
N1  - Accession Number: 14430637; Tanaka, Hisashi 1 Tokumoto, Madoka 1,2 Ishibashi, Shoji 3 Graf, David 4 Eun Sang Choi 5 Brooks, James S. 5 Yasuzuka, Syuma 5 Okano, Yoshinori 6 Kobayashi, Hayao 1; Email Address: hisashi.tanaka@aist.go.jp Kobayashi, Akiko 5; Affiliation:  1: Nanotechnology Research Institute, AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan  2: Research Institute for Computational Sciences, AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan,  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310,  4: National institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, ibaraki 305-0003, Japan,  5: institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan, Research Centre for Spectrochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan,  6: CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 34, p10518; Subject Term: MOLECULAR crystals; Subject Term: METAL complexes; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal complexes; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Tengfang
T1  - Considerations for Efficient Airflow Design in Cleanrooms.
JO  - Journal of the IEST
JF  - Journal of the IEST
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 28
PB  - Institute of Environmental Sciences & Technology
SN  - 10984321
AB  - Discusses the development of efficiently-designed airflow systems in cleanrooms. Components of a high-performance cleanroom; Relevance of air circulation in cleanroom performance; Impact of cleanroom design and operation on energy usage.
KW  - Air flow
KW  - Clean rooms
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Gas flow
N1  - Accession Number: 14949358; Xu, Tengfang 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 47, p24; Thesaurus Term: Air flow; Subject Term: Clean rooms; Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Subject Term: Quality control; Subject Term: Gas flow; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smallwood, David O.
T1  - Characterization and Simulation of Gunfire with Karhunen-Loeve Expansion.
JO  - Journal of the IEST
JF  - Journal of the IEST
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 50
PB  - Institute of Environmental Sciences & Technology
SN  - 10984321
AB  - Discusses the utilization of gunfire to illustrate the use of Karhunen-Loeve (K-L) expansion to characterize and simulate nonstationary random events. Methods used to simulate the gunfire environment; Applications of K-L expansion; Correlation between wavelet coefficients and original time history.
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Gunnery
KW  - Random vibration
KW  - Shooting (Sports)
KW  - Firearms
KW  - gunfire
KW  - Karhunen-Loeve
KW  - Nonstationary random vibration
N1  - Accession Number: 14949364; Smallwood, David O. 1; Email Address: dosmallwood@comcast.net; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, 9817 Pitt Pl. N.E., Albuquerque, NM 87111; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 47, p47; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Gunnery; Subject Term: Random vibration; Subject Term: Shooting (Sports); Subject Term: Firearms; Author-Supplied Keyword: gunfire; Author-Supplied Keyword: Karhunen-Loeve; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonstationary random vibration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332992 Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451119 All other sporting goods stores; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paez, Thomas L.
AU  - Urbina, Angel
AU  - Gregory, Dan L.
AU  - Resor, Brian R.
T1  - Sensitivity of a Microslip Friction Model.
JO  - Journal of the IEST
JF  - Journal of the IEST
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 79
PB  - Institute of Environmental Sciences & Technology
SN  - 10984321
AB  - Focuses on the research concerning the sensitivity analysis of a microslip friction model. Real physical systems subjected to dynamic environments display nonlinear behavior; Nonlinearity of system behavior arises from the dynamic action of mechanical joints in systems; Study of the sensitivity of energy dissipation in a system due to variation of model parameters.
KW  - Force & energy
KW  - Physics
KW  - Joints (Engineering)
KW  - Engineering models
KW  - Models & modelmaking
KW  - Energy dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 14949368; Paez, Thomas L. 1; Email Address: tlpaez@sandia.gov; Urbina, Angel 1; Gregory, Dan L. 1; Resor, Brian R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Dept. 9133, MS 0557, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 47, p74; Thesaurus Term: Force & energy; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Subject Term: Joints (Engineering); Subject Term: Engineering models; Subject Term: Models & modelmaking; Subject Term: Energy dissipation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tengfang Xu
AU  - Ming-Shan Jeng
T1  - Laboratory Evaluation of Fan-filter Units' Aerodynamic and Energy Performance.
JO  - Journal of the IEST
JF  - Journal of the IEST
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 116
EP  - 120
PB  - Institute of Environmental Sciences & Technology
SN  - 10984321
AB  - Focuses on the research concerning the laboratory evaluation of Fan-filter units' aerodynamic and energy performance. Benefits of a consistent testing method in characterizing aerodynamic and energy performance of fan-filter units (FFU); Evaluation methods of laboratory-measured performance for relatively new FFU; Benefits and suggestions for integrating this method of testing FFU energy performance into future recommended practices.
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Aerodynamic measurements
KW  - Aeronautical laboratories
KW  - Industrial efficiency
KW  - Fans (Machinery)
KW  - Cleanroom
KW  - efficiency
KW  - energy performance index (EPI)
KW  - fan-filter unit (FFU)
N1  - Accession Number: 14949375; Tengfang Xu 1; Ming-Shan Jeng 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 90-3111, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA; 2: Ming-Shan Jeng, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Sec. 4 Chung-Hsing Rd., Hsinchu 310, Taiwan; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 47, p116; Thesaurus Term: Energy consumption; Subject Term: Aerodynamics; Subject Term: Aerodynamic measurements; Subject Term: Aeronautical laboratories; Subject Term: Industrial efficiency; Subject Term: Fans (Machinery); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cleanroom; Author-Supplied Keyword: efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy performance index (EPI); Author-Supplied Keyword: fan-filter unit (FFU); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boatman, Rodney J.
AU  - Corley, Richard A
AU  - Green, Trevor
AU  - Klaunig, James E.
AU  - Udden, Mark M.
T1  - REVIEW OF STUDIES CONCERNING THE TUMORIGENICITY OF 2-BUTOXYETHANOL IN B6C3F1 MICE AND ITS RELEVANCE FOR HUMAN RISK ASSESSMENT.
JO  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part B
JF  - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part B
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 398
SN  - 10937404
AB  - The U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) has completed 2-yr inhalation exposures in rats and mice with 2-butoxyethanol (BE). This review concerns the most significant findings from those studies and describes recent research into the mechanistic aspects of BE-mediated tumorigenesis in the mouse and the relevance of such effects to humans. Two tumor types were increased in B6C3F1 mice leading to the classification of “some evidence” of carcinogenicity: liver hemangiosarcomas in male mice and forestomach tumors in female mice (primarily benign papillomas). The results of research collected to date indicate that the tumorigenesis noted for BE was produced by indirect mechanisms. In particular, the occurrence of liver hemangiosarcomas in male mice has been linked to oxidative damage subsequent to red blood cell hemolysis and iron deposition in this organ. Oral administration of BE in mice up to 600 mg/kg/d for up to 90 d produces a dose-related increase in iron (Perl’s staining) in Kupffer cells and hepatocytes, increased DNA synthesis in endothelial cells, and enhanced oxidative damage. Further, iron alone, and not BE or BAA, is responsible for producing oxidative damage in cultured hepatocytes from rats or mice. Forestomach neoplasms in female mice were most likely a result of prolonged exposure-induced irritation with compensatory hyperplasia and subsequent tumor promotion. This mechanism is supported by studies indicating elevated levels of BE and BAA in the mouse forestomach tissues and stomach contents following multiple routes of exposure, forestomach epithelial cell cytotoxicity and cell proliferation following administration of BE and BAA, and the increased capacity of forestomach tissues from female mice to metabolize BE to the more irritating metabolite, BAA. The current article summarizes the results of a number of in vivo and in vitro studies designed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis by BE in the mouse and discusses the relevance of these for human risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part B is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - CARCINOGENESIS
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - LIVER diseases
N1  - Accession Number: 14350245; Boatman, Rodney J. 1; Email Address: rodney.boatman@kodak.com Corley, Richard A 2 Green, Trevor 3 Klaunig, James E. 4 Udden, Mark M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Health and Environment Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA  3: Syngenta Central Toxicology Laboratory, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom  4: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA  5: Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 7 Issue 5, p385; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: CARCINOGENESIS; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: LIVER diseases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10937400490498084
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foo, M.L.
AU  - Lee, Wei-Li
AU  - Siegrist, T.
AU  - Lawes, G.
AU  - Ramirez, A.P.
AU  - Ong, N.P.
AU  - Cava, R.J.
T1  - Electronic characterization of alkali ruthenium hollandites: KRu4O8, RbRu4O8 and Cs0.8Li0.2Ru4O8
JO  - Materials Research Bulletin
JF  - Materials Research Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1663
EP  - 1670
SN  - 00255408
AB  - Transport, specific heat, and magnetic measurements have been performed on three alkali hollandites: KRu4O8, RbRu4O8, and a newly synthesized Cs analog, Cs0.8Li0.2Ru4O8, which was determined to have space group I4/m (#87) and lattice parameters, a = 10.0850(4) and c = 3.12180(20). In contrast to the ruthenium perovskites, which display a wide range of electrical and magnetic behavior, the alkali hollandites are simple paramagnetic metals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Research Bulletin is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - CESIUM
KW  - RUTHENIUM compounds
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - METALS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - A. Oxides
KW  - C. X-ray diffraction
KW  - D. Electrical properties
KW  - D. Magnetic properties
KW  - D. Specific heat
N1  - Accession Number: 13902565; Foo, M.L. 1; Email Address: mfoo@princeton.edu Lee, Wei-Li 2 Siegrist, T. 3 Lawes, G. 4 Ramirez, A.P. 3 Ong, N.P. 2 Cava, R.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Frick Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ, USA  2: Department of Physics, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ, USA  3: Lucent Technologies, Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Department of Thermal Physics, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 39 Issue 11, p1663; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: CESIUM; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM compounds; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Electrical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Magnetic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Specific heat; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.materresbull.2004.05.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Girshick, Steven L.
AU  - Majumdar, Arun
T1  - ENGINEERING WITHOUT LIMIT.
JO  - Mechanical Engineering
JF  - Mechanical Engineering
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 126
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 8
PB  - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
SN  - 00256501
AB  - The past decade, there has been a remarkable increase in interest in nanotechnology among the science and engineering communities, the media, and private investors. The U.S. government now funds about $1 billion per year for the National Nanotechnology Initiative, and many states are making significant contributions as well. After a status report from Mihail C. Roco, chair of the National Science and Technology Council's Subcommittee on Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology, 59 participants attended 29 talks and numerous poster sessions and panel discussions. By the end, there was a growing consensus about the areas within nanotechnology where mechanical engineers were poised to make the greatest contributions and about how to change engineering education to address the new challenges that nanoscale technology represents.
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - SPECIFICATIONS
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - TECHNOLOGY & state
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14301830; Girshick, Steven L. 1 Majumdar, Arun 2; Affiliation:  1: Professor and director of graduate studies in mechanical engineering at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, and co-chair of the Nanomanufacturing Committee of the ASME Nanotechnology Institute.  2: Almy and Agnes Maynard Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, and a member of the scientific staff of the Materials Science Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He chairs the Advisory Board of the ASME Nanotechnology Institute and is a member of the Nanotechnology Technical Advisory Group to the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 126 Issue 9, Special section p4; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: SPECIFICATIONS; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY & state; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2571
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruggiero, Eric J.
AU  - Park, Gyuhae
AU  - Inman, Daniel J.
T1  - Multi-input multi-output vibration testing of an inflatable torus
JO  - Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing
JF  - Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1187
EP  - 1201
SN  - 08883270
AB  - In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) modal testing technique on an inflated torus. In particular, the refined modal testing methodology focuses on using Macro-Fiber Composite (MFC®) patches as both actuators and sensors. MFC® patches can be integrated in an unobtrusive way into the skin of the torus, and can be used to find a gossamer structure''s modal parameters. Furthermore, MFC® excitation produces less interference with the suspension modes of the free–free torus than excitations from a conventional shaker. The use of multiple actuators is shown to properly excite the global modes of the structure and distinguish between pairs of modes at nearly identical resonant frequencies. Formulation of the MIMO test as well as the required post-processing techniques are studied and successfully applied to an inflated Kapton® torus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOMATIC control
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 13106196; Ruggiero, Eric J. 1 Park, Gyuhae 2 Inman, Daniel J. 1; Email Address: dinman@vt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 310 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0261, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Engineering Sciences and Application Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p1187; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC control; Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ymssp.2004.01.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stinis, Panagiotis
T1  - STOCHASTIC OPTIMAL PREDICTION FOR THE KURAMOTO-SIVASHINSKY EQUATION.
JO  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
JF  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 580
EP  - 612
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15403459
AB  - We examine the problem of predicting the evolution of solutions of the Kuramoto--Sivashinsky equation when initial data are missing. We use the optimal prediction method to construct equations for the reduced system. The resulting equations for the resolved components of the solution are random integrodifferential equations. The accuracy of the predictions depends on the type of projection used in the integral term of the optimal prediction equations and on the choice of resolved components. The novel features of our work include the first application of the optimal prediction formalism for the dimensional reduction of a nonlinear, non-Hamiltonian system of equations and the use of a noninvariant measure constructed through inference from empirical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Multiscale Modeling & Simulation is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTEGRO-differential equations
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - INTEGRAL equations
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - Hermite polynomials
KW  - Kuramoto--Sivashinsky equation
KW  - memory
KW  - optimal prediction
KW  - orthogonal dynamics
KW  - underresolution
N1  - Accession Number: 14703003; Stinis, Panagiotis 1,2; Email Address: stinis@math.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027  2: Department of Mathematics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p580; Subject Term: INTEGRO-differential equations; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: INTEGRAL equations; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hermite polynomials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kuramoto--Sivashinsky equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: memory; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimal prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: orthogonal dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: underresolution; Number of Pages: 33p; Illustrations: 23 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/030600424
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zagaris, Antonios
AU  - Kaper, Hans G.
AU  - Kaper, Tasso J.
T1  - FAST AND SLOW DYNAMICS FOR THE COMPUTATIONAL SINGULAR PERTURBATION METHOD.
JO  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
JF  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 613
EP  - 638
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15403459
AB  - The computational singular perturbation (CSP) method of Lam and Goussis is an iterative method to reduce the dimensionality of systems of ordinary differential equations with multiple time scales. In [J. Nonlinear Sci., 14 (2004), pp. 59-91], the authors of this paper showed that each iteration of the CSP algorithm improves the approximation of the slow manifold by one order. In this paper, it is shown that the CSP method simultaneously approximates the tangent spaces to the fast fibers along which solutions relax to the slow manifold. Again, each iteration adds one order of accuracy. In some studies, the output of the CSP algorithm is postprocessed by linearly projecting initial data onto the slow manifold along these approximate tangent spaces. These projections, in turn, also become successively more accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Multiscale Modeling & Simulation is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - chemical kinetics
KW  - computational singular perturbation method
KW  - dimension reduction
KW  - fast fibers
KW  - fast-slow systems
KW  - Fenichel theory
KW  - kinetic equations
KW  - Michaelis--Menten--Henri mechanism
KW  - slow manifold
N1  - Accession Number: 14703028; Zagaris, Antonios 1; Email Address: azagaris@math.bu.edu Kaper, Hans G. 2; Email Address: hkaper@nsf.gov Kaper, Tasso J. 1; Email Address: tasso@math.bu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Center for BioDynamics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p613; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: ITERATIVE methods (Mathematics); Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational singular perturbation method; Author-Supplied Keyword: dimension reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: fast fibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: fast-slow systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fenichel theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: kinetic equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Michaelis--Menten--Henri mechanism; Author-Supplied Keyword: slow manifold; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/040603577
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dongbin Xiu
AU  - Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
T1  - A TWO-SCALE NONPERTURBATIVE APPROACH TO UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS OF DIFFUSION IN RANDOM COMPOSITES.
JO  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
JF  - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 662
EP  - 674
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15403459
AB  - Many physical systems, such as natural porous media, are highly heterogeneous and characterized by parameters that are uncertain due to the lack of sufficient data. This uncertainty (randomness) occurs on a multiplicity of scales. We focus on random composites with the two dominant scales of uncertainty: large-scale uncertainty in the spatial arrangement of materials and small-scale uncertainty in the parameters within each material. We propose an approach that combines random domain decompositions and polynomial chaos expansions to account for the large and small scales of uncertainty, respectively. We present a general framework and use one-dimensional diffusion to demonstrate that our combined approach provides robust, nonperturbative approximations for the statistics of system states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Multiscale Modeling & Simulation is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - moment equations
KW  - polynomial chaos
KW  - random domain decomposition
KW  - random fields
N1  - Accession Number: 14703025; Dongbin Xiu 1; Email Address: xiu@t7.lanl.gov Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 1; Email Address: dmt@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Mathematica Modeling and Analysis Group (T-7), Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p662; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: moment equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: polynomial chaos; Author-Supplied Keyword: random domain decomposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: random fields; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/03060268X
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chin, Koei
AU  - de Solorzano, Carlos Ortiz
AU  - Knowles, David
AU  - Jones, Arthur
AU  - Chou, William
AU  - Rodriguez, Enrique Garcia
AU  - Wen-Lin Kuo
AU  - Ljung, Britt-Marie
AU  - Chew, Karen
AU  - Myambo, Kenneth
AU  - Miranda, Monica
AU  - Krig, Sheryl
AU  - Garbe, James
AU  - Stampfer, Martha
AU  - Yaswen, Paul
AU  - Gray, Joe W.
AU  - Lockett, Stephen J.
T1  - In situ analyses of genome instability in breast cancer.
JO  - Nature Genetics
JF  - Nature Genetics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 36
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 984
EP  - 988
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 10614036
AB  - Transition through telomere crisis is thought to be a crucial event in the development of most breast carcinomas. Our goal in this study was to determine where this occurs in the context of histologically defined breast cancer progression. To this end, we assessed genome instability (using fluorescence in situ hybridization) and other features associated with telomere crisis in normal ductal epithelium, usual ductal hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer. We modeled this process in vitro by measuring these same features in human mammary epithelial cell cultures during ZNF217-mediated transition through telomere crisis and immortalization. Taken together, the data suggest that transition through telomere crisis and immortalization in breast cancer occurs during progression from usual ductal hyperplasia to ductal carcinoma in situ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Genetics is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BREAST cancer
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - HYPERPLASIA
KW  - CELL culture
N1  - Accession Number: 14307397; Chin, Koei 1 de Solorzano, Carlos Ortiz 2 Knowles, David 2 Jones, Arthur 3 Chou, William 2 Rodriguez, Enrique Garcia 2 Wen-Lin Kuo 1 Ljung, Britt-Marie 4 Chew, Karen 1 Myambo, Kenneth 1 Miranda, Monica 1 Krig, Sheryl 2 Garbe, James 2 Stampfer, Martha 2 Yaswen, Paul 2 Gray, Joe W. 1,2; Email Address: jwgray@lbl.gov Lockett, Stephen J.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, California, USA.  2: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.  3: Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.  4: Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, California, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 36 Issue 9, p984; Subject Term: BREAST cancer; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: HYPERPLASIA; Subject Term: CELL culture; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/ng1409
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brazhkin, V.
AU  - Dubrovinskaia, N.
AU  - Nicol, M.
AU  - Novikov, N.
AU  - Riedel, R.
AU  - Solozhenko, V.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
T1  - From our readers: What does 'harder than diamond' mean?
JO  - Nature Materials
JF  - Nature Materials
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 576
EP  - 577
SN  - 14761122
AB  - Presents an open letter to the materials community. Discussion of the challenges for the measurement of hardness; Result of the incomplete understanding of the relationship between the microscopic and macroscopic behavior of the materials; Establishment of criteria for comparing hardness among very hard substances by providing details regarding the type of indenter, applied loads and sample orientation.
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - HARDNESS
KW  - HARD materials
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 18445590; Brazhkin, V. 1 Dubrovinskaia, N. 2 Nicol, M. 3; Email Address: nicol@physics.unlv.edu Novikov, N. 4 Riedel, R. 5 Solozhenko, V. 4,6 Zhao, Y. 7; Affiliation:  1: Institute for High Pressure Physics, 142190 Troitsk, Moscow region, Russia  2: Bayerisches Geoinstitut,Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth,Germany  3: High Pressure Science and Engineering Center,University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas,Nevada 89154-4002, USA  4: Institute for Superhard Materials, 04074 Kiev,Ukraine  5: Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany  6: LPMTM-CNRS,Université Paris Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos,New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 3 Issue 9, p576; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: HARDNESS; Subject Term: HARD materials; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nmat1196
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duscher, Gerd
AU  - Chisholm, Matthew F.
AU  - Alber, Uwe
AU  - Rühle, Manfred
T1  - Bismuth-induced embrittlement of copper grain boundaries.
JO  - Nature Materials
JF  - Nature Materials
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 621
EP  - 626
SN  - 14761122
AB  - Catastrophic brittle fracture of crystalline materials is one of the best documented but most poorly understood fundamental phenomena in materials science. Embrittlement of copper by bismuth is a classic example of this phenomenon. Because brittle fracture in any structural material can involve human tragedy, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind it is of the highest interest. In this study, we use a combination of two state-of-the-art atomic characterization techniques and ab initio theoretical materials simulations to investigate the geometric and electronic structure of a copper grain boundary with and without bismuth. Only with this unique combination of methods are we able to observe the actual distribution of bismuth in the boundary and detect changes in the electronic structure caused by the bismuth impurity. We find that the copper atoms that surround the segregated bismuth in the grain boundary become embrittled by taking on a more zinc-like electronic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Materials is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - METALS -- Embrittlement
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - CRYSTALLINE electric field
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 18445594; Duscher, Gerd 1,2 Chisholm, Matthew F. 2; Email Address: chisholmmf@ornl.gov Alber, Uwe 3 Rühle, Manfred 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6030, USA  2: North Carolina State University, Materials Science & Engineering Department, Raleigh, North Carolina 27692, USA  3: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstr. 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 3 Issue 9, p621; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: METALS -- Embrittlement; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: CRYSTALLINE electric field; Subject Term: ATOMS; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nmat1191
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, J.M.B.
AU  - Petrik, M.S.
AU  - Grant, S.C.
AU  - Blackband, S.J.
AU  - Lai, J.
AU  - Shaw, C.A.
T1  - Quantitative measurement of neurodegeneration in an ALS–PDC model using MR microscopy
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 336
EP  - 343
SN  - 10538119
AB  - Exposure to cycad (Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill) toxins via diet has been shown to induce neurodegeneration in vivo that mimics the progressive neurological disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis–parkinsonism dementia complex (ALS–PDC). In previous studies, specific cortical and subcortical cell loss was measured with conventional stained sections. In the present study, magnetic resonance (MR) microscopy was used to examine neurodegeneration in three dimensions (3D) in isolated intact brains and spinal cords. Mice were fed washed cycad for 2 months and showed progressive motor deficits resembling human ALS–PDC. CNS tissue was imaged at 17.6 T. T2* scans were acquired on both spinal cord and brain samples with an isotropic resolution of 41 μm. Through MR volumetrics, cycad-fed mice showed significantly decreased volumes in lumbar spinal cord gray matter, substantia nigra, striatum, basal nucleus/internal capsule, and olfactory bulb. Cortical measurements of conventionally stained sections revealed that cycad-fed mice also showed decreased cortical thickness. These results show that MR microscopy (MRM) is sensitive enough to measure degeneration in this early stage model of a progressive neurological disease with strong correlations to behavioral deficits and histological results and may be applicable in vivo to the same model. Similar analysis may be used in the future as a diagnostic aid in tracking the early progression of neurological disorders in preclinical human subjects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARKINSON'S disease
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance microscopy
KW  - CYCADS
KW  - HUNTINGTON'S chorea
KW  - ALS, ALS–PDC
KW  - CNS
KW  - Cycad
KW  - Magnetic resonance microscopy
KW  - Motor deficits
KW  - Neurodegeneration
KW  - Parkinsonism
KW  - Volumetrics
N1  - Accession Number: 14189805; Wilson, J.M.B. 1 Petrik, M.S. 2 Grant, S.C. 3,4 Blackband, S.J. 3,4 Lai, J. 2 Shaw, C.A. 1,2,5,6; Email Address: cshaw@interchange.ubc.ca; Affiliation:  1: Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada  2: Department of Ophthalmology, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA  4: Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA  5: Department of Physiology, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada  6: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p336; Subject Term: PARKINSON'S disease; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance microscopy; Subject Term: CYCADS; Subject Term: HUNTINGTON'S chorea; Author-Supplied Keyword: ALS, ALS–PDC; Author-Supplied Keyword: CNS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cycad; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic resonance microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motor deficits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neurodegeneration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parkinsonism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volumetrics; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.05.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eberling, Jamie L.
AU  - Pivirotto, Phillip
AU  - Bringas, John
AU  - Bankiewicz, Krys S.
T1  - Comparison of two methods for the analysis of [18F]6-fluoro-l-m-tyrosine PET data
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 358
EP  - 363
SN  - 10538119
AB  - PET and [18F]fluoro-l-m-tyrosine (FMT) have been used to quantify presynaptic striatal dopamine (DA) function in Parkinson disease (PD) and in primate models of PD. While dynamic imaging and a metabolite-corrected blood input function can be used to determine striatal FMT uptake rate constants (Ki), a simpler analytic approach using shorter imaging times is desirable for clinical studies. We compared the utility of using striatal Ki values versus striatal count ratios in two groups of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated monkeys. Striatal DA content was also measured in one of the groups to evaluate the relationship between the PET measures and an independent measure of striatal dopamine. Striatal Ki values were significantly correlated with striatal count ratios using the cerebellum as the denominator. Both Ki values and ratios were also correlated with striatal DA content. In addition, putamen–cerebellum ratios and putamen Ki values showed similar separation between baseline and post-MPTP values. These findings suggest that a simple ratio approach to analyzing FMT PET data may be a useful alternative to a kinetic approach especially for clinical applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARKINSON'S disease
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - BLOOD
KW  - FMT
KW  - Input function
KW  - Parkinson disease
KW  - PET
N1  - Accession Number: 14189807; Eberling, Jamie L. 1,2; Email Address: jleberling@lbl.gov Pivirotto, Phillip 3 Bringas, John 3 Bankiewicz, Krys S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA  3: University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p358; Subject Term: PARKINSON'S disease; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: TYROSINE; Subject Term: BLOOD; Author-Supplied Keyword: FMT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Input function; Author-Supplied Keyword: Parkinson disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.06.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Sokol, Paul
AU  - Hurd, Alan
T1  - International Workshop Explores Cold Neutron Spectroscopy.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Report
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Reports on an international workshop that discussed cold neutron spectroscopy (CNS) organized by The Lujan Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Physics Department at Penn State University in University Park, Pennsylvania from July 14 to 16, 2004 in Bethesda, Maryland.  Background on the Mid-Scale Instrumentation in Material program being developed at the U.S. National Science Foundation; Overview of CNS provided by speakers Ferenc Mezei and Dan Neumann; Fields in science that use CNS.
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - COLD neutrons
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - BETHESDA (Md.)
KW  - MARYLAND
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - NATIONAL Science Foundation (U.S.)
KW  - MEZEI, Ferenc
KW  - NEUMANN, Dan
N1  - Accession Number: 14155641; Sokol, Paul 1 Hurd, Alan 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Penn State University  2: Lujan Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p4; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: COLD neutrons; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Subject Term: BETHESDA (Md.); Subject Term: MARYLAND; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: NATIONAL Science Foundation (U.S.); People: MEZEI, Ferenc; People: NEUMANN, Dan; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worlton, T. G.
AU  - Chatterjee, A.
AU  - Hammonds, J. P.
AU  - Bouzek, C.
AU  - Mikkelson, D. J.
AU  - Mikkelson, R.
AU  - Miller, M.
AU  - Serum, B.
AU  - Peterson, P. F.
T1  - New Software for Neutron Scattering Data Visualization. (Cover story)
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Focuses on the integrated spectral analysis workbench (ISAW) software for neutron scattering data visualization being developed at Intense Pulsed Neutron Source in Argonne Laboratory in Illinois in collaboration with the University of Wisconsin in Stout.  Features of ISAW; Regulation of data reduction in small conversion device; Steps to reduce data from small angle neutron scattering instruments to produce intensityQ.
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - DATA reduction
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ARGONNE (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - WISCONSIN
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNIVERSITY of Wisconsin-Stout (Menomonie, Wis.)
N1  - Accession Number: 14155670; Worlton, T. G. 1 Chatterjee, A. 1 Hammonds, J. P. 1 Bouzek, C. 2 Mikkelson, D. J. 2 Mikkelson, R. 2 Miller, M. 2 Serum, B. 2 Peterson, P. F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  2: University of Wisconsin-Stout, Menomonie, WI, USA  3: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p4; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: DATA reduction; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ARGONNE (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Subject Term: WISCONSIN; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNIVERSITY of Wisconsin-Stout (Menomonie, Wis.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - RPRT
AU  - Teller, Raymond G.
AU  - Richardson, James W.
AU  - Carpenter, John M.
T1  - The Intense Pulsed Neutron Source at Argonne National Laboratory.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Report
SP  - 9
EP  - 13
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Features the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS), a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) user facility at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois.  Involvement of IPNS in the Spallation Neutron Source, a multilaboratory construction project funded by the U.S. DOE; Information on data acquisition system used in IPNS instruments; Diffractometers used as instrument suite.
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - PULSED neutron techniques
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - ARGONNE (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14155664; Teller, Raymond G. 1 Richardson, James W. 2 Carpenter, John M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Director, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  2: Deputy Director, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  3: Technical Director, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p9; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: PULSED neutron techniques; Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: ARGONNE (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Report
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benmore, Chris
AU  - Siewenie, Joan
T1  - Polyamorphism and Extreme Environments on GLAD. (Cover story)
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 18
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Provides information on the use of polyamorphic glasses and high temperature as a part of research on the Glass, Liquid, and Amorphous Materials Diffractomoter at Intense Pulsed Neutron Source in Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois.  Glasses referred as polyamorphic; Use of containerless techniques to supercool oxide liquids up to several degrees below their freezing points; Conclusions of the studies.
KW  - GLASS
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - SUPERCOOLED liquids
KW  - FREEZING points
KW  - ARGONNE (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14155674; Benmore, Chris 1 Siewenie, Joan 1; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p16; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: SUPERCOOLED liquids; Subject Term: FREEZING points; Subject Term: ARGONNE (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolesnikov, A. I.
AU  - Zanotti, J.-M.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
T1  - Spectroscopy at IPNS: Recent Instrumental Upgrade and Scientific Highlights. (Cover story)
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 19
EP  - 22
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Describes the design and operation of quasielastic neutron spectrometer (QENS) and the time-of-flight high-resolution medium-energy chopper spectrometer (HRMECS).  Illustrations of the layout of QENS and HRMECS; Comparison of the dynamic range and energy resolution of QENS and HRMECS; Use  of HRMECS in studying the dynamical properties of technologically important materials.
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - QUASIELASTIC light scattering
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14155678; Kolesnikov, A. I. 1 Zanotti, J.-M. 2 Loong, C.-K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  2: Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (CEA-CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif/Yvette cedex, France; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p19; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: QUASIELASTIC light scattering; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, A. J.
AU  - Koetzle, T. F.
AU  - Cowan, J. A.
AU  - Miller, M. E.
AU  - Wang, X.
T1  - Single Crystal Analyses of the Structure and Bonding in Transition-Metal σ-Complexes. (Cover story)
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 26
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Presents information on single crystal analyses of the structures and bonding in transition-metal σ-complexes.  Impact of the addition of an X-H group to a transition metal; Information on an experiment of structures of metal complexes; Results of an investigation of complexes with multiple bonding between silicon and transition metals; Capacity of the single crystal neutron diffraction.
KW  - METALS -- Analysis
KW  - TRANSITION metal complexes
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - SILICON
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14155698; Schultz, A. J. 1 Koetzle, T. F. 1 Cowan, J. A. 1 Miller, M. E. 1 Wang, X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p23; Subject Term: METALS -- Analysis; Subject Term: TRANSITION metal complexes; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hakem, I. F.
AU  - Lal, J.
T1  - Interactions of PEO with Monovalent Electrolytes in Solvents of Different Hydrogen Bonding Capacities. (Cover story)
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 30
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Discusses the intra and inter-chain interactions of polyethylene oxide/potassium iodide (PEO/KI) by solvent type and ionic strength variation.  Information on a zero average contrast match method that was used in the PEO/KI interactions; Plot of the total intensity scattering intensity versus the wavevector as a function of ionic strength at fixed polymer electrolyte concentration; Interaction of PEO/KI in aqueous solution.
KW  - POLYETHYLENE oxide
KW  - POTASSIUM iodide
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - IONIC solutions
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
N1  - Accession Number: 14155702; Hakem, I. F. 1,2 Lal, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  2: Tlemcen University, Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria  3: IPNS, Argonne Natinal Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p27; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE oxide; Subject Term: POTASSIUM iodide; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: IONIC solutions; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lang, E.
AU  - Lal, J.
T1  - Future Developments on SAD.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 31
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Provides information on the upgrade of a small angle diffractometer (SAD) at Intense Pulsed Neutron Source in Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois.  Replacement of the Ordela detector; Significance of the acquisition of Brookhaven National Laboratory detector to SAD; Change in name of SAD.
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ARGONNE (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14155706; Lang, E. 1 Lal, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  2: IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, U; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 3, p30; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ARGONNE (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonzogni, A.A.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 134
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 103
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 182
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Abstract: Experimental data on ground- and excited-state properties for all known nuclei with mass number A = 134 have been compiled and evaluated. States populated in radioactive decay as well as in nuclear reactions have been considered. For these nuclei, level and decay schemes, as well as tables of nuclear properties are given. This work supersedes the 1994 evaluation by Yu.V. Sergeenkov (Nucl. Data Sheets 71 (1994) 557). Manuscripts published before July 2004 have been included in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
N1  - Accession Number: 15553821; Sonzogni, A.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973–5000, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 103 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 182p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hanagaki, K.
T1  - Design of an upgraded DØ silicon microstrip tracker for Run IIb at the tevatron
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 530
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 12
EP  - 16
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The DØ collaboration planned to upgrade the Silicon Tracker to withstand the radiation dose corresponding to above <f>2 fb-1</f> of data. This new detector was designed to be functional up to at least <f>15 fb-1</f>. We report on the design of the new Silicon Tracker with details of the innermost layer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRIP transmission lines
KW  - SILICON
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Flex printed circuit cable
KW  - Silicon tracker
N1  - Accession Number: 14221186; Hanagaki, K. 1; Email Address: kazu@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, P.O.Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 530 Issue 1/2, p12; Subject Term: STRIP transmission lines; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flex printed circuit cable; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon tracker; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Menichelli, D.
AU  - Scaringella, M.
AU  - Miglio, S.
AU  - Bruzzi, M.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Fretwurst, E.
AU  - Pintilie, I.
T1  - Influence of deep levels on space charge density at different temperatures in γ-irradiated silicon
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 530
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 145
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In this work, it is shown that the analysis of thermally stimulated currents (TSC) and current transients (CT) at constant temperature can be a suitable tool to study the influence of deep levels on space charge density <f>N(T)</f> in irradiated silicon diodes. In particular, the occurrence of space charge sign inversion (SCSI) can be related to signal discontinuities in TSC and CT measurements. This approach has been adopted in this work to study devices made of standard Float Zone (FZ) and Diffusion Oxygenated Float Zone silicon, irradiated by <f>γ</f>-rays up to a dose of 300 Mrad. Our study shows that all the samples are inverted at 50 K after a low-temperature excitation. Several space charge sign inversions, from positive to negative and vice versa, have been observed between cryogenic and room temperature, and have been related to carriers emission from dominating deep traps. Only standard FZ silicon remains inverted at room temperature after a dose of 300 Mrad. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE charge
KW  - SILICON
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - <f>γ</f>-rays
KW  - Current transient
KW  - Oxygenated silicon
KW  - Particle detectors
KW  - Space charge sign inversion
KW  - Thermally stimulated currents
N1  - Accession Number: 14221216; Menichelli, D. 1,2; Email Address: menichelli@ingfi1.ing.unifi.it Scaringella, M. 1,2 Miglio, S. 1,2 Bruzzi, M. 1,2 Li, Z. 3 Fretwurst, E. 4,5 Pintilie, I. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energetics, via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy  2: INFN, Florence Division, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto F. - Firenze, Italy  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY11973-5000, USA  4: Institute for Experimental Physics, Hamburg University, D-22761, Germany  5: National Institute for Materials Physics, Atomistilor 105 bis P.O. Box MG-7, Bucharest-Magurele 76900, Romania; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 530 Issue 1/2, p139; Subject Term: SPACE charge; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>γ</f>-rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Current transient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygenated silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space charge sign inversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermally stimulated currents; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.062
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14221216&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Damazio, Denis Oliveira
AU  - Falcone, T.
AU  - Mehta, N.L.
AU  - Takai, Helio
T1  - A Simple and Cost-Effective Passive Radar Technique for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Detection
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 134
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 219
SN  - 09205632
N1  - Accession Number: 14711022; Damazio, Denis Oliveira Falcone, T. 1 Mehta, N.L. 2 Takai, Helio 3; Affiliation:  1: State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11974  2: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Department. Bldg 510A Upton,NY Zip:11973.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 134 Issue 1-3, p217; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.08.034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14711022&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mohler, Bryan L.
T1  - Sharing Lessons Learned.
JO  - Occupational Hazards
JF  - Occupational Hazards
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 66
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 59
PB  - Penton Publishing
SN  - 00297909
AB  - Provides information on an electronic newsletter and archive that provides Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) employees with a valuable tool for sharing safety information and encouraging prevention.  Factors that led to the decision of PNNL to recast its lessons learned program in 2000; Goal of the program; Key tool in the PNNL effort to accelerate learning from past mistakes.  INSET: Topical Areas in the PNNL Lessons Learned/Best Practices....
KW  - Industrial safety -- Computer network resources
KW  - Electronic newsletters
KW  - Archives
KW  - Electronic publishing
KW  - Learning
N1  - Accession Number: 14672943; Mohler, Bryan L. 1; Email Address: bryan.mohler@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Manager, integrated planning and assessment, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 66 Issue 9, p57; Subject Term: Industrial safety -- Computer network resources; Subject Term: Electronic newsletters; Subject Term: Archives; Subject Term: Electronic publishing; Subject Term: Learning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519122 Archives; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peters, Debra P. C.
AU  - Herrick, Jeffrey E.
AU  - Urban, Dean L.
AU  - Gardner, Robert H.
AU  - Breshears, David D.
T1  - Strategies for ecological extrapolation.
JO  - Oikos
JF  - Oikos
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 106
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 627
EP  - 636
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00301299
AB  - Discusses the importance of errors associated with the spatial extrapolation of information in ecology. Need of ecologists to use short-term, local measurements to assess patterns of change at landscape, regional and even global scales; Discussion of the characteristics of ecological systems that require spatial approaches; Correlation of ecological processes with spatial variation in environmental factors.
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - SPATIAL ecology
KW  - LANDSCAPES
KW  - ECOLOGISTS
N1  - Accession Number: 13834313; Peters, Debra P. C. 1; Email Address: debpeter@nmsu.edu Herrick, Jeffrey E. 1 Urban, Dean L. 2 Gardner, Robert H. 3 Breshears, David D. 4; Affiliation:  1: USDA ARS, Jornada Experimental Range, Box 30003, MSC 3JER, NMSU, Las Cruces, NM 88003-0003, USA  2: Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke Univ., Durham, NC 27708-0328, USA  3: Appalachian Laboratory, Univ. of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD 21532, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory Atmosphere, Climate and Environmental Dynamics Group (EES-2) Mail Stop J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 106 Issue 3, p627; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: SPATIAL ecology; Subject Term: LANDSCAPES; Subject Term: ECOLOGISTS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12869.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaffers, Kathleen I.
T1  - Yb:S-FAP lasers
JO  - Optical Materials
JF  - Optical Materials
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 394
SN  - 09253467
AB  - It has recently been reported that several high power, diode-pumped laser systems have been developed based on crystals of Yb:S-FAP [Yb3+:Sr5(PO4)3F]. The mercury laser, at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, is the most prominent system using Yb:S-FAP and is currently producing 23 J at 5 Hz in a 15 nsec pulse, based on partial activation of the system. In addition, a regenerative amplifier is being developed at Waseda University in Japan and has produced greater than 12 mJ with high beam quality at 50 Hz repetition rate. Q-Peak has demonstrated 16 mJ of maximum energy/output pulse in a multi-pass, diode side-pumped amplifier and ELSA in France is implementing Yb:S-FAP in a 985 nm pump for an EDFA, producing 250 mW. Growth of high optical quality crystals of Yb:S-FAP is a challenge due to multiple crystalline defects. However, at this time, a growth process has been developed to produce high quality 3.5 cm diameter Yb:S-FAP crystals and a process is under development for producing 6.5 cm diameter crystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optical Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - LIGHT amplifiers
KW  - A1. Defects
KW  - A2. Czochralski method
KW  - B1. Oxides
KW  - B3. Solid state lasers
N1  - Accession Number: 14140650; Schaffers, Kathleen I. 1; Email Address: schaffers1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, 7000 East Avenue, L-482, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p391; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: LIGHT amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Defects; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Czochralski method; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: B3. Solid state lasers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optmat.2004.02.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Tai-Chang
AU  - Johnson, Mike
AU  - Poochinda, Kunakorn
AU  - Stoebe, Thomas G.
AU  - Lawrence Ricker, N.
T1  - A systematic study on group III-nitride thin films with low temperature deposited via MOCVD
JO  - Optical Materials
JF  - Optical Materials
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 420
SN  - 09253467
AB  - Wide bandgap semiconductor materials provide superior electrical, optical, and thermal properties that classical semiconductors, Si and GaAs, are unable to achieve. However, most commercially available substrates have large lattice and thermal expansion mismatches to III-nitrides films. Thus a high quality buffer layer, grown at low temperatures, is essential in growing high quality III-nitride films. This research provides a throughout study on III-nitrides, such as AlN, GaN and AlGaN thin films, which were grown at low temperatures (400–600 °C). Growth rate, stoichiometry and crystal structure of low temperature growth films will be reported by using several advanced post-growth analysis techniques. Temperature, pressure, and V/III molar ratio were also investigated to determine their effect on the film properties. From the study, a better understanding of the relationships between film properties and growth parameters will be achieved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optical Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14140654; Chen, Tai-Chang 1 Johnson, Mike 2 Poochinda, Kunakorn 3; Email Address: kunakorn@u.washington.edu Stoebe, Thomas G. 4 Lawrence Ricker, N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Paul Allen Center, Box 352500, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Benson Hall, Box 351750, Seattle, WA 98195, USA  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p417; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optmat.2003.09.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moses, Edward I.
T1  - The national ignition facility high-energy ultraviolet laser system
JO  - Optical Materials
JF  - Optical Materials
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 521
SN  - 09253467
AB  - The National Ignition Facility (NIF), currently under construction at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, is a stadium-sized facility containing a 192-beam, 1.8 MJ, 500 TW, ultraviolet laser system together with a 10-m diameter target chamber with room for nearly 100 experimental diagnostics. When completed, NIF will be the world''s largest and most energetic laser experimental system, providing an international center to study inertial confinement fusion and the physics of matter at extreme energy densities and pressures. NIF''s 192 energetic laser beams will compress fusion targets to conditions required for thermonuclear burn, liberating more energy than required to initiate the fusion reactions. Other NIF experiments will allow the study of physical processes at temperatures approaching 108 K and 1011 Bar, conditions that exist naturally only in the interior of stars, planets and in nuclear weapons. NIF is now entering the first phases of its laser commissioning program. The first four beams of the NIF laser system have generated 106 kJ of infrared light and over 10 kJ at the third harmonic (351 nm). NIF''s target experimental systems are also being installed in preparation for experiments to begin in late 2003. This paper provides a detailed look the NIF laser systems, the significant laser and optical systems breakthroughs that were developed, the results of recent laser commissioning shots, and plans for commissioning diagnostics for experiments on NIF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optical Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons (International law)
KW  - CONSTRUCTION industry
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - 42.60.Jf
KW  - High energy density physics
KW  - Inertial confinement fusion
KW  - Neodymium-doped glass laser
KW  - Solid-state laser
N1  - Accession Number: 14140671; Moses, Edward I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 L-466, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p515; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons (International law); Subject Term: CONSTRUCTION industry; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 42.60.Jf; Author-Supplied Keyword: High energy density physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inertial confinement fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neodymium-doped glass laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state laser; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236110 Residential building construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optmat.2003.09.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milkov, Alexei V.
AU  - Claypool, George E.
AU  - Lee, Young-Joo
AU  - Torres, Marta E.
AU  - Borowski, Walter S.
AU  - Tomaru, Hitoshi
AU  - Sassen, Roger
AU  - Long, Philip E.
T1  - Ethane enrichment and propane depletion in subsurface gases indicate gas hydrate occurrence in marine sediments at southern Hydrate Ridge offshore Oregon
JO  - Organic Geochemistry
JF  - Organic Geochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 35
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1067
EP  - 1080
SN  - 01466380
AB  - The recognition of finely disseminated gas hydrate in deep marine sediments heavily depends on various indirect techniques because this mineral quickly decomposes upon recovery from in situ pressure and temperature conditions. Here, we discuss molecular properties of closely spaced gas voids (formed as a result of core recovery) and gas hydrates from an area of relatively low gas flux at the flanks of the southern Hydrate Ridge offshore Oregon (ODP Sites 1244, 1245 and 1247). Within the gas hydrate occurrence zone (GHOZ), the concentration of ethane (C2) and propane (C3) in adjacent gas voids shows large variability. Sampled gas hydrates are enriched in C2 relative to void gases but do not contain C3. We suggest that the observed variations in the composition of void gases is a result of molecular fractionation during crystallization of structure I gas hydrate that contains C2 but excludes C3 from its crystal lattice. This hypothesis is used to identify discrete intervals of finely disseminated gas hydrate in cored sediments. Variations in gas composition help better constrain gas hydrate distribution near the top of the GHOZ along with variations in pore water chemistry and core temperature. Sediments near the base of the gas hydrate stability zone are relatively enriched in C2+ hydrocarbon gases. Complex and poorly understood geological and geochemical processes in these deeper sediments make the identification of gas hydrate based on molecular properties of void gases more ambiguous. The proposed technique appears to be a useful tool to better understand the distribution of gas hydrate in marine sediments and ultimately the role of gas hydrate in the global carbon cycle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Organic Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Gases
KW  - Pore fluids
KW  - Water
KW  - Water chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14034664; Milkov, Alexei V. 1; Email Address: alexei.milkov@bp.com; Claypool, George E. 2; Lee, Young-Joo 3; Torres, Marta E. 4; Borowski, Walter S. 5; Tomaru, Hitoshi 6; Sassen, Roger 7; Long, Philip E. 8; Affiliations: 1: BP America, Exploration and Production Technology Group, Weslake Park Blvd., Houston, TX 501/77079, USA; 2: 8910 West 2nd Avenue, Lakewood, CO 80226, USA; 3: Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon 305-350, South Korea; 4: College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-5503, USA; 5: Earth Sciences Department, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY 40475, USA; 6: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; 7: Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77045, USA; 8: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 35 Issue 9, p1067; Thesaurus Term: Gases; Thesaurus Term: Pore fluids; Thesaurus Term: Water; Thesaurus Term: Water chemistry; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.04.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klasson, K. Thomas
AU  - Taylor, Paul A.
AU  - Walker Jr., Joseph F.
AU  - Jones, Sandie A.
AU  - Cummins, Robert L.
AU  - Richardson, Steve A.
T1  - Investigation of a Centrifugal Separator for In-Well Oil Water Separation.
JO  - Petroleum Science & Technology
JF  - Petroleum Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 22
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1143
EP  - 1159
SN  - 10916466
AB  - A liquid–liquid centrifuge has been tested for possible application as a downhole method for separating crude oil from produced water. Centrifugal separators of various sizes (from 2- to 25-cm rotor diameter) have been built and operated over the past three decades at various US Department of Energy facilities. These units have several characteristics that make them attractive for downhole applications, including excellent phase separation, reliability in remote applications with>20,000 h of operation prior to maintenance, and the ability to handle high volumetric throughput with a very low residence time. In these studies, water-to-oil feed ratios of 10:1 to 1:19 were tested with a light Gulf of Mexico crude oil, and the separator operated efficiently for the full range of feed ratios. Air was added to the oil stream in one test to model the effect of gas in the oil. Air additions up to 20% of the feed flow rate (the maximum tested) did not have any impact on the performance of the separator. The separator also effectively processed a very viscous North Sea heavy crude oil. The heavy crude was used to determine the effect of higher temperatures on the performance of the separator. Increasing the temperature of the oil and water feed stream improved overall performance and decreased the concentration of oil in the water discharge stream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Petroleum Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OIL wells
KW  - PETROLEUM
KW  - SEPARATORS (Machines)
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - Centrifugel separator
KW  - Gravity separation
KW  - Hydrocyclones
KW  - In-well separator
KW  - Water-to-oil
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14419055; Klasson, K. Thomas 1 Taylor, Paul A. 1; Email Address: taylorpa@ornl.gov Walker Jr., Joseph F. 1 Jones, Sandie A. 1 Cummins, Robert L. 1 Richardson, Steve A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 22 Issue 9/10, p1143; Subject Term: OIL wells; Subject Term: PETROLEUM; Subject Term: SEPARATORS (Machines); Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Centrifugel separator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gravity separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrocyclones; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-well separator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water-to-oil; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213118 Services to oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213112 Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213111 Drilling Oil and Gas Wells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/LFT-200034055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14419055&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkov, V. V.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - Malac, M.
T1  - In-situ Lorentz microscopy and Lorentz phase imaging of artificially structured Co arrays.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 25/26
M3  - Article
SP  - 2607
EP  - 2617
SN  - 14786435
AB  - We combined in-situ magnetizing experiments with Lorentz Fresnel microscopy and Lorentz phase microscopy to analyse both qualitatively and quantitatively the in-situ magnetization process of artificially structured two dimensional arrays of Co islands. A newly developed Lorentz phase microscopy allows detailed mapping of in-plane magnetization on a nanometre scale following the hysteresis loop. For polycrystalline Co films, 20–40 nm thick, we observed four major steps in the magnetization process: coherent spin rotation in adjacent nanodomains. nucleation of reverse domains, motion of the domain walls and additional spin rotation in magnetic domains and. finally, an expulsion of energetically non-favourable domains followed by the domain wall annihilation at the edges of Co islands. We offer a clear physical explanation of the magnetization ripple contrast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - HYSTERESIS loop
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - LORENTZ transformations
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 14702859; Volkov, V. V. 1; Email Address: volkov@bnl.gov Zhu, Y. 1 Malac, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  2: University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2JI, Canada; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 25/26, p2607; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS loop; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Subject Term: LORENTZ transformations; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430410001671386
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14702859&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Storaska, G. A.
AU  - Moore, K. T.
AU  - Howe, J. M.
T1  - Correlation between the structural and compositional changes at the solid-liquid interface in submicron Al-Si alloy particles.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 25/26
M3  - Article
SP  - 2619
EP  - 2634
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Diffraction contrast and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the structure and composition of the solid-liquid interface in A1–11.6at.% Si alloy particles of 80–400nm diameter during in-situ heating in the TEM. Comparison between the bright-field and energy-filtered TEM images indicates that the change in structure at the solid-liquid interface as defined by diffraction contrast is accompanied by a corresponding change in composition across the interface as determined from intensity profiles of A1 elemental maps and jump-ratio images. Thus, the structural and compositional changes at the solid-liquid alloy interface appear to occur simultaneously over a distance of no more than about 2 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID-liquid interfaces
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 14702863; Storaska, G. A. 1 Moore, K. T. 2 Howe, J. M. 3; Email Address: jh9s@virginia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Materials and Semiconductor Device Technology Center, Northrop-Grumman Corporation, Baltimore, Maryland 21203, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904–4745, USA; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 25/26, p2619; Subject Term: SOLID-liquid interfaces; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430410001671395
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dahmen, U.
AU  - Hagège, S.
AU  - Faudot, F.
AU  - Radetic, T.
AU  - Johnson, E.
T1  - Observations of interface premelting at grain-boundary precipitates of Pb in Al.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 25/26
M3  - Article
SP  - 2651
EP  - 2662
SN  - 14786435
AB  - This work reports direct observations showing effect of size and interface structure on premelting behaviour of nanoscale inclusions. Using in-situ transmission electron microscopy it was possible to observe premelting of individual Pb inclusions in A1, each bounded by two distinctly different topotaxial interfaces. Such particles were generated by precipitating single-crystal Pb inclusions a few tens of nanometres in size at grain boundaries in A1. At equilibrium these particles adopt compound shapes, made from two segments whose shape and interface structure is characteristic of their misorientation with the matrix crystal. Only one of these interfaces premelts. In close agreement with a simple model, the width of the liquid layer depends reversibly on undercooling and interface curvature, and hence on particle size. The observed behaviour confirms previous reports on interface-dependent melting. By observing the selective melting of different interfaces for the first time on individual particles, it was possible to rule out experimental uncertainties and to show unambiguously that inclusion melting depends strongly on interface structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - LEAD
N1  - Accession Number: 14702871; Dahmen, U. 1; Email Address: Udahmen@LBL.gov Hagège, S. 2 Faudot, F. 2 Radetic, T. 1 Johnson, E. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Centre d'Etudes de Chimie Métallurgique, 15 rue George Urbain, 94407 Vitry-sur-Seine, France  3: Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 25/26, p2651; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: LEAD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430410001671403
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, E.
AU  - Levinsen, M. T.
AU  - Steenstrup, S.
AU  - Prokofjev, S.
AU  - Zhilin, V.
AU  - Dahmen, U.
AU  - Radetic, T.
T1  - One-dimensional random walk of nanosized liquid Pb inclusions on dislocations in Al.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/09//9/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 25/26
M3  - Article
SP  - 2663
EP  - 2673
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Migration of nanosized liquid Pb inclusions attached to dislocations in A1 has been observed during in-situ transmission electron microscopy heating experiments and monitored by real-time video recordings. The movements of the inclusions can be separated into two independent components parallel to and perpendicular to the dislocations respectively. Movements parallel to the dislocation lines display properties of partially confined one-dimensional random walks where smaller inclusions can be seen to move over distances that are many times their own sizes. In contrast, the trajectories perpendicular to the dislocation lines are within narrowly confined spaces. Frame-by-frame analysis of digitized video sequences recorded at different temperatures for the same inclusion attached to a nearly horizontal dislocation illustrates the two types of movement. The step lengths parallel to the dislocation increase rapidly with increasing temperature while the step lengths in the transverse movement only display a weak temperature dependence. A detailed statistical analysis of the inclusion trajectories documents that both patterns of movement are random. The activation enthalpy of the one-dimensional movement parallel to the dislocation was found to be 2.72±0.10eV at lower temperatures and 1.44±0.07 eV at higher temperatures with a transition temperature around 650 660 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - RANDOM walks (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - LEAD
N1  - Accession Number: 14702872; Johnson, E. 1,2; Email Address: johnson@fys.ku.dk Levinsen, M. T. 1 Steenstrup, S. 1 Prokofjev, S. 3 Zhilin, V. 3 Dahmen, U. 4 Radetic, T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark  2: Department of Materials Research, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark  3: Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432 Moscow District, Russia  4: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 9/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 25/26, p2663; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: RANDOM walks (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: LEAD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430410001671412
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14702872&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patriarca, Marco
AU  - Chakraborti, Anirban
AU  - Kaski, Kimmo
T1  - Gibbs versus non-Gibbs distributions in money dynamics
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 340
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 334
EP  - 339
SN  - 03784371
AB  - We review a simple model of closed economy, where the economic agents make money transactions and a saving criterion is present. We observe the Gibbs distribution for zero saving propensity, and non-Gibbs distributions otherwise. While the exact solution in the case of zero saving propensity is already known to be given by the Gibbs distribution, here we provide the explicit analytical form of the equilibrium distribution for the general case of nonzero saving propensity. We verify it through comparison with numerical data and show that it can be cast in the form of a gamma-distribution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONEY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - Econophysics
KW  - Gamma distribution
KW  - Gibbs distribution
KW  - Money dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 13703505; Patriarca, Marco 1; Email Address: marco@lce.hut.fi Chakraborti, Anirban 2; Email Address: anirban@bnl.gov Kaski, Kimmo 1; Email Address: kimmo.kaski@hut.fi; Affiliation:  1: Complex Systems Group, Laboratory of Computational Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 9203, HUT 02015, Finland  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 340 Issue 1-3, p334; Subject Term: MONEY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Econophysics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gibbs distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Money dynamics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2004.04.024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13703505&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ristorcelli, J. R.
AU  - Livescu, D.
T1  - Decay of isotropic turbulence: Fixed points and solutions for nonconstant G∼Rλ palinstrophy.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 16
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 3487
EP  - 3490
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - A Rλ scaling for the palinstrophy coefficient, G, has been observed in grid turbulence by Antonia et al. [J. Turbulence3, 1 (2002) ]. As a consequence it appears that there exist decay laws other than the self-preserving Taylor-microscale decay of Speziale and Bernard [J. Fluid Mech.241, 645 (1992) ], for which G is constant. Analytic solutions of Ristorcelli [Phys. Fluids15, 3248 (2003) ], for the self-similar Taylor microscale decay, are modified to apply to the G∼Rλ decay. The solution indicates an asymptotic k(t)∼t-1 and a Rt→Rt∞ behavior, as seen in the self-preserving Taylor microscale decay. There are two important differences between the two decays: (1) the fixed point Rt∞ and (2) its rate of approach are substantially smaller for the G∼Rλ decay. It appears that the observation of an asymptotic k(t)→t-1 decay with Rt→const is not a demonstration of Taylor microscale self-similarity, and is achieved, at a much later time, in a wider class of flows. This appears to explain the absence of observations of a k(t)∼t-1 decay in wind tunnel data. It is speculated that the distinction between the G=const self-similar Taylor microscale decay and the G∼Rλ decay may be useful large eddy simulation test cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - WIND tunnels
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 14100817; Ristorcelli, J. R. 1; Email Address: jrrj@lanl.gov Livescu, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 16 Issue 9, p3487; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: WIND tunnels; Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1772671
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14100817&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boehly, T. R.
AU  - Hicks, D. G.
AU  - Celliers, P. M.
AU  - Collins, T. J. B.
AU  - Earley, R.
AU  - Eggert, J. H.
AU  - Jacobs-perkins, D.
AU  - Moon, S. J.
AU  - Vianello, E.
AU  - Meyerhofer, D. D.
AU  - Collins, G. W.
T1  - Properties of fluid deuterium under double-shock compression to several Mbar.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - L49
EP  - L52
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The compressibility of fluid deuterium up to several Mbar has been probed using laser-driven shock waves reflected from a quartz anvil. Combining high-precision (∼1%) shock velocity measurements with the double-shock technique, where differences in equation of state (EOS) models are magnified, has allowed better discrimination between theoretical predictions in the second-shock regime. Double-shock results are in agreement with the stiffer EOS models—which exhibit roughly fourfold single-shock compression—for initial shocks up to 1 Mbar and above 2 Mbar, but diverge from these predictions in between. Softer EOS models—which exhibit sixfold single-shock compression at 1 Mbar—overestimate the reshock pressure for the entire range under study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - COMPRESSIBILITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14400066; Boehly, T. R. 1 Hicks, D. G. 2; Email Address: hicks13@IInl.gov Celliers, P. M. Collins, T. J. B. 1 Earley, R. 1 Eggert, J. H. 2 Jacobs-perkins, D. 1 Moon, S. J. 2 Vianello, E. 1 Meyerhofer, D. D. 1 Collins, G. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 9, pL49; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: COMPRESSIBILITY; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1778164
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hudson, S. R.
AU  - Hegna, C. C.
T1  - Criteria for second stability for ballooning modes in stellarators.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - L53
EP  - L56
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - An expression determining how variations in the pressure gradient and average magnetic shear affect ballooning stability for a stellarator equilibrium is presented. The procedure for determining the marginal stability boundaries, for each field line, depends only on the equilibrium and a single ballooning eigenfunction calculation. This information is sufficient to determine if increasing pressure gradient is stabilizing or destabilizing and to predict whether the configuration possesses a second stable region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BALLOONING
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14400049; Hudson, S. R. 1,2 Hegna, C. C. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  2: Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 9, pL53; Subject Term: BALLOONING; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 487990 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779227
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14400049&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strobel, George L.
AU  - Haan, Steven W.
AU  - Munro, David H.
AU  - Dittrich, Thomas R.
T1  - Design of a 250 eV cryogenic ignition capsule for the National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4261
EP  - 4266
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Optimized performance of a capsule intended to produce ignition on the National Ignition Facility [ J. A. Paisner, J. D. Boyes, S. A. Kumpan, W. H. Lowdermilk, and M. S. Sorem, Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994) ] is presented. Performance is optimized, for a 250 eV isotropic drive on a beryllium(copper) ablator, by varying the ablator outside radius, ablator thickness, the concentration of copper dopant in the ablator, and the fuel thickness, while keeping the absorbed energy fixed. Dopant concentration is constrained to be uniform in the ablator. The drive shock timing is adjusted to produce a low entropy implosion for each set of dimensions. The absorbed energy is kept fixed at 190 kJ, which results in the ablator outside radius remaining practically constant, about 0.137 cm. For capsule geometry near that resulting in optimal implosion yield, the absorbed energy depends only slightly on the ablator or fuel thickness. The parameter space of capsule dimensions was searched for central vapor densities of 0.3 and 0.5 mg/cc. Despite the detailed optimization, it is found that the capsule is notably more unstable than comparable capsules with a graded dopant in the ablator, as reported in previous literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
KW  - ABLATIVE materials
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - COPPER
N1  - Accession Number: 14400077; Strobel, George L. 1; Email Address: gstrobel@hal.physast.uga.edu Haan, Steven W. 1 Munro, David H. 1 Dittrich, Thomas R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p4261; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; Subject Term: ABLATIVE materials; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: COPPER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774167
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14400077&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shevchenko, Valentin
AU  - Galinsky, Vitaly
AU  - Sagdeev, Roald
AU  - Winske, Dan
T1  - Macro-scale instability of the ion shell distribution function in the divergent solar wind.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4290
EP  - 4294
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - As a result of cyclotron interaction with Alfvén waves propagating from the sun, pitch angle diffusion of resonant particles takes place and a shell-like distribution function of resonant ions is formed at each distance from the sun. Stability of the solar wind ion shell-like distribution function with respect to excitation of waves at larger distances is addressed. It is shown in linear approximation, that in the case when the phase velocity of Alfvén waves decreases with distance, ions with shell distribution excite outward propagating Alfvén waves with smaller phase velocities when they advance to larger distances. The nonlinear dynamics of the wave spectrum as well as the evolution of the ion distribution function are studied. The characteristic spectrum at the high-frequency edge of the magnetohydrodynamic fluctuations is explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - SOLAR wind
KW  - IONS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14400072; Shevchenko, Valentin 1 Galinsky, Vitaly 1 Sagdeev, Roald 2 Winske, Dan 3; Affiliation:  1: University of California, San Diego, ECE Department, La Jolla, California 92093-0407.  2: University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742-3280.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NATL LAB, Applied Theoretical Physics Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p4290; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: SOLAR wind; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1777589
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14400072&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Degrassie, J. S.
AU  - Burrell, K. H.
AU  - Baylor, L. R.
AU  - Houlberg, W.
AU  - Lohr, J.
T1  - Toroidal rotation in DIII-D in electron cyclotron heating and Ohmic H-mode discharges.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4323
EP  - 4331
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Spatially and temporally resolved toroidal rotation measurements have been made in DIII-D [J. L. Luxon, Nucl. Fusion 42, 614 (2002)] discharges with no externally applied torque. The velocity measurements are made using the charge exchange recombination (CER) technique viewing emission from the intrinsic carbon impurity in deuterium discharges. Three cases have been studied: L mode and H mode with Ohmic heating and H mode with electron cyclotron heating (ECH). The ECH H mode has carbon counter-rotation in the center of the plasma, and co-rotation outside, where co- and counter- are relative to the direction of the toroidal plasma current. The Ohmic H mode has carbon rotation everywhere in the co-direction. Neoclassical theory is applied to compute the deuterium toroidal velocity and it is found that the counter-rotation measured for carbon in the core of the ECH H mode is also thus predicted for the bulk deuterium species. Short blips of neutral beams (NB) must be used for the CER technique and these blips do apply a toroidal torque. Care is taken to verify that a nonperturbative measurement is made; data from the first 2 ms of NB injection in each discharge are used for this measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOROIDAL harmonics
KW  - OHMIC contacts
KW  - CARBON
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14400067; Degrassie, J. S. 1 Burrell, K. H. 1 Baylor, L. R. 2 Houlberg, W. 2 Lohr, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p4323; Subject Term: TOROIDAL harmonics; Subject Term: OHMIC contacts; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1778751
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14400067&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Finn, John M.
T1  - Control of resistive wall modes in a cylindrical tokamak with radial and poloidal magnetic field sensors.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4361
EP  - 4371
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A simple cylindrical linear magnetohydrodynamic model is introduced to explain recent numerical results relating to stabilization of resistive wall modes by feedback. These older results indicate that feedback with sensors detecting the perturbed poloidal magnetic field is more effective than that with radial field sensors. The model used in this paper allows a complete analytic treatment, so that stability results for both radial and poloidal sensors and the effect of coils that couple poloidal harmonics are transparent. Results with radial sensors and with poloidal sensors, either inside or outside the resistive wall, are compared, showing that the results with internal poloidal sensors are indeed much better than those with radial sensors, if the coupling of poloidal modes by the coils is large. Results with external poloidal sensors are found to be comparable with those with radial sensors. The effect of a phase shift between sensor and control coils is investigated. Sensitivity of the three schemes to high frequency fluctuations, related to sensitivity to noise, is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NOISE
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 14400061; Finn, John M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p4361; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1775009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferraro, Nathaniel M.
AU  - Rogers, Barrett N.
T1  - Turbulence in low-β reconnection.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4382
EP  - 4389
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Using a two-dimensional two-fluid numerical model with finite electron inertia, we have observed turbulence to occur in simulations of plasmas undergoing magnetic reconnection when the plasma β is sufficiently small. This turbulence is caused by secondary instabilities, which are excited by large gradients in the out-of-plane current. These gradients spontaneously form due to the dynamics of ion force balance across the layer, and first arise in the outflow regions downstream from the magnetic x point. This turbulence is not observed to have a substantial effect on the rate of reconnection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 14400059; Ferraro, Nathaniel M. 1,2 Rogers, Barrett N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p4382; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1776565
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ricci, Paolo
AU  - Brackbill, J. U.
AU  - Daughton, W.
AU  - Lapenta, Giovanni
T1  - Influence of the lower hybrid drift instability on the onset of magnetic reconnection.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4489
EP  - 4500
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Two-dimensional and three-dimensional kinetic simulation results reveal the importance of the lower-hybrid drift instability (LHDI) to the onset of magnetic reconnection. Both explicit and implicit kinetic simulations show that the LHDI heats electrons anisotropically and increases the peak current density. Linear theory predicts these modifications can increase the growth rate of the tearing instability by almost two orders of magnitude and shift the fastest growing modes to significantly shorter wavelengths. These predictions are confirmed by nonlinear kinetic simulations in which the growth and coalescence of small scale magnetic islands leads to a rapid onset of large scale reconnection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC reconnection
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14400047; Ricci, Paolo 1,2; Email Address: paolo.ricci@polito.it Brackbill, J. U. 3; Email Address: jub@lanl.gov Daughton, W. 3; Email Address: daughton@lanl.gov Lapenta, Giovanni 1,3; Email Address: lapenta@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Nazionale per Ia Fisica della Materia (INEM), Unità del Politecnico di Thrino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24-10129 Torino, Italy.  2: Dipartimento di Energetica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p4489; Subject Term: MAGNETIC reconnection; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1778744
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14400047&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doi, Takumi
AU  - Kondo, Yoshihiko
AU  - Oka, Makoto
T1  - Meson–baryon couplings from QCD sum rules
JO  - Physics Reports
JF  - Physics Reports
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 398
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 279
SN  - 03701573
AB  - Coupling constants of the pseudoscalar mesons to the octet baryons are calculated in the QCD sum rule approach. Two-point correlation function of the baryons are evaluated in a single meson state and the vacuum, which yields the designated coupling. The emphasis is on the flavor SU(3) structure of the coupling constants and reliability in extracting the coupling constants from the two-point correlation functions. We first calculate the baryon-diagonal couplings and study the reliability of the sum rule. The <f>F/D</f> ratio of the coupling is determined in the SU(3) limit. We further formulate the baryon-off-diagonal couplings using the projected correlation functions and the vertex functions, so that the unwanted excited states do not contaminate the sum rule. As an example, the <f>πΛΣ</f> coupling constant is calculated and the flavor SU(3) breaking effect is studied. We find that the effect of SU(3) breaking on the <f>πΛΣ</f> coupling constant is small. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Reports is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
N1  - Accession Number: 14416138; Doi, Takumi 1 Kondo, Yoshihiko 2 Oka, Makoto 3; Email Address: oka@th.phys.titech.ac.jp; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN BNL Research Center (RBRC), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Kokugakuin University, Higashi Shibuya, Tokyo 150-8440, Japan  3: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Oh-Okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 398 Issue 4-6, p253; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physrep.2004.05.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - West, Geoffrey B.
AU  - Brown, James H.
T1  - Life's Universal Scaling Laws.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 57
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
EP  - 42
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Argues that the common properties of branching networks allow for a quantitative theory of the structure, organization, and dynamics of living systems.  Manner in which real biological systems can be viewed; Composition of the life process; Way in which life functions; Contrast to the diversity and complexity of living organisms.
KW  - BRANCHING processes (Mathematics)
KW  - LIFE (Biology)
KW  - ORGANISMS
KW  - BIOLOGY -- Philosophy
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14364500; West, Geoffrey B. 1,2 Brown, James H. 3; Affiliation:  1: Senior fellow, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Research professor, Santa Fe Institute  3: Professor of biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 57 Issue 9, p36; Subject Term: BRANCHING processes (Mathematics); Subject Term: LIFE (Biology); Subject Term: ORGANISMS; Subject Term: BIOLOGY -- Philosophy; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL systems; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hinchliffe, Ian
AU  - Battaglia, Marco
T1  - A TeV Linear Collider.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 57
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 55
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Discusses initiatives taken to realize the potential of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), in relation to high-energy physics.  Fundamental interactions to the exchange of force-mediating spin-1 particles; Electron-positron colliders in operation during the 1990s; Reason for the design of LHC.
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - HADRON colliders
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON-positron interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14364504; Hinchliffe, Ian 1 Battaglia, Marco 2; Affiliation:  1: Physicists, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  2: Professor of physics, University of California, Berkeley; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 57 Issue 9, p49; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: HADRON colliders; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON-positron interactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Lewis, Elmer E.
AU  - Smith, Micheal
AU  - Na, Byung-Chap
T1  - Preface
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 45
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 105
EP  - 106
SN  - 01491970
N1  - Accession Number: 17194751; Lewis, Elmer E. 1; Smith, Micheal 2; Na, Byung-Chap 3; Affiliations: 1: Northwestern University, USA; 2: Argonne National Laboratory, USA; 3: OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 45 Issue 2-4, p105; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.pnucene.2004.09.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, M.A.
AU  - Lewis, E.E.
AU  - Na, Byung-Chan
T1  - Benchmark on deterministic 2-D MOX fuel assembly transport calculationswithout spatial homogenization
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 45
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
EP  - 118
SN  - 01491970
AB  - Abstract: An important issue of deterministic transport methods for whole core calculations concerns the accuracy of homogenization techniques. A direct calculation for whole core heterogeneous geometries was not feasible in the past due to the limited capability of computers. With modern computational abilities, direct whole core heterogeneous calculations are becoming feasible. This paper explores a recent OECD/NEA benchmark problem proposed to test the accuracy of modern deterministic transport methods when applied to reactor core problems without spatial homogenization. For this work a two-dimensional configuration was investigated and an accurate Monte Carlo reference solution was obtained. Twenty participants submitted solutions for the two-dimensional configuration and all of the participant solutions were compared to a reference Monte Carlo solution. Overall all the results submitted by the participants agreed well with the reference solution. A majority of the participants obtained solutions that were more than acceptable for typical reactor calculations and the remaining errors in the participant solutions can be attributed to the high order space-angle approximation necessary to solve this particular benchmark problem. It is important to note that the high order space-angle approximation needed for this benchmark is not necessary typical for all such whole-core heterogeneous problems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Nuclear Energy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Homogenization (Differential equations)
KW  - Partial differential equations
KW  - Geometry
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - C5G7
KW  - MOX
KW  - NEA Expert Group
KW  - OECD
KW  - two-dimensional benchmark
N1  - Accession Number: 17194752; Smith, M.A. 1; Lewis, E.E.; Na, Byung-Chan; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 45 Issue 2-4, p107; Subject Term: Homogenization (Differential equations); Subject Term: Partial differential equations; Subject Term: Geometry; Subject Term: Mathematics; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: C5G7; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOX; Author-Supplied Keyword: NEA Expert Group; Author-Supplied Keyword: OECD; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional benchmark; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pnueene.2004.09.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=17194752&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Azmy, Yousry Y.
AU  - Gehin, Jess C.
AU  - Orsi, Roberto
T1  - Dort solutions to the two-dimensional C5G7MOXbenchmark problem
JO  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
JF  - Progress in Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 45
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 231
SN  - 01491970
AB  - Abstract: We present a comprehensive study of the solution error for the C5G7MOXBenchmark problem using the two-dimensional transport code DORT. We set a stringent criterion that a successful solution to the benchmark exercise must satisfy, namely that at least for some of the benchmark quantities convergence to the reference solution with computational model refinement must be demonstrated. In the present exercise this amounts to examining the evolution of the DORT solution, e.g. the multiplication factor, with increasing angular quadrature order, decreasing computational cell size, and tighter representation of the curved rod-moderator interface for all circular rods in the core model. In addition we explored the effect of angular quadrature type, comparing solution accuracy for the fully symmetric and the Square Legendre-Chebychev quadratures establishing superiority of the latter. We establish the high quality of DORT''s solution to this benchmark exercise by demonstrating that the multiplication factor asymptotically approaches the reference solution as stated in our self-imposed success criterion. High accuracy of the pin power distribution is also attained, however, convergence to the reference values is not realized. We conjecture that this is due to the lack of error information in the reference values. Our results also illustrate DORT''s high accuracy on reasonable meshes and quadrature orders, as well as the sufficiency of a crude, square, geometric approximation of the rod-moderator interface to achieve high accuracy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Nuclear Energy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear fuels
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Mixed oxide fuels (Nuclear engineering)
KW  - Transport theory (Mathematics)
KW  - Stochastic convergence
KW  - Accuracy
KW  - Benchmark
KW  - Discrete-ordinates
KW  - DORT
KW  - MOX
N1  - Accession Number: 17194761; Azmy, Yousry Y. 1; Email Address: yya3@psu.edu; Gehin, Jess C. 2; Email Address: gehinjc@ornl.gov; Orsi, Roberto 3; Email Address: orsi@bologna.enea.it; Affiliations: 1: Pennsylvania State University, 229 Reber Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA; 2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6363, USA; 3: ENEA Centro Dati Nucleari, Via Martiri di Monte Sole, 4, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 45 Issue 2-4, p215; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear fuels; Thesaurus Term: Mathematical models; Subject Term: Mixed oxide fuels (Nuclear engineering); Subject Term: Transport theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: Stochastic convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accuracy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benchmark; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete-ordinates; Author-Supplied Keyword: DORT; Author-Supplied Keyword: MOX; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pnueene.2004.09.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scholle, Michael D.
AU  - Collart, Frank R.
AU  - Kay, Brian K.
T1  - In vivo biotinylated proteins as targets for phage-display selection experiments
JO  - Protein Expression & Purification
JF  - Protein Expression & Purification
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 37
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 252
SN  - 10465928
AB  - Screening phage-displayed combinatorial libraries represents an attractive method for identifying affinity reagents to target proteins. Two critical components of a successful selection experiment are having a pure target protein and its immobilization in a native conformation. To achieve both of these requirements in a single step, we have devised cytoplasmic expression vectors for expression of proteins that are tagged at the amino- or carboxy-terminus (pMCSG16 and 15) via the AviTag, which is biotinylated in vivo with concurrent expression of the BirA biotin ligase. To facilitate implementation in high-throughput applications, the engineered vectors, pMCSG15 and pMCSG16, also contain a ligase-independent cloning site (LIC), which permits up to 100% cloning efficiency. The expressed protein can be purified from bacterial cell lysates with immobilized metal affinity chromatography or streptavidin-coated magnetic beads, and the beads used directly to select phage from combinatorial libraries. From selections using the N-terminally biotinylated version of one target protein, a peptide ligand (<f>Kd=9 μ</f>M) was recovered that bound in a format-dependent manner. To demonstrate the utility of pMCSG16, a set of 192 open reading frames were cloned, and protein was expressed and immobilized for use in high-throughput selections of phage-display libraries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Protein Expression & Purification is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGES
KW  - LIGASES
KW  - GENE libraries
KW  - Affinity selection
KW  - AviTag
KW  - biotinylated proteins
KW  - Combinatorial peptides
KW  - Ligation-independent cloning
KW  - Target preparation
N1  - Accession Number: 13958667; Scholle, Michael D. 1 Collart, Frank R. 2 Kay, Brian K. 1; Email Address: bkay@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Combinatorial Biology, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Structural Biology Centers, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p243; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BACTERIOPHAGES; Subject Term: LIGASES; Subject Term: GENE libraries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affinity selection; Author-Supplied Keyword: AviTag; Author-Supplied Keyword: biotinylated proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combinatorial peptides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ligation-independent cloning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Target preparation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pep.2004.05.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anghel, Marian
AU  - Ben-Zion, Yehuda
AU  - Rico-Martinez, Ramiro
T1  - Dynamical System Analysis and Forecasting of Deformation Produced by an Earthquake Fault.
JO  - Pure & Applied Geophysics
JF  - Pure & Applied Geophysics
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 161
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2023
EP  - 2051
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00334553
AB  - - We present a method of constructing low-dimensional nonlinear models describing the main dynamical features of a discrete 2-D cellular fault zone, with many degrees of freedom, embedded in a 3-D elastic solid. A given fault system is characterized by a set of parameters that describe the dynamics, rheology, property disorder, and fault geometry. Depending on the location in the system parameter space, we show that the coarse dynamics of the fault can be confined to an attractor whose dimension is significantly smaller than the space in which the dynamics takes place. Our strategy of system reduction is to search for a few coherent structures that dominate the dynamics and to capture the interaction between these coherent structures. The identification of the basic interacting structures is obtained by applying the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to the surface deformation fields that accompany strike-slip faulting accumulated over equal time intervals. We use a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) architecture for the identification of the system dynamics projected onto the subspace (model space) spanned by the most energetic coherent structures. The ANN is trained using a standard back-propagation algorithm to predict (map) the values of the observed model state at a future time, given the observed model state at the present time. This ANN provides an approximate, large-scale, dynamical model for the fault. The map can be evaluated once to provide a short-term predictions or iterated to obtain a prediction for the long-term fault dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Pure & Applied Geophysics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTHQUAKE hazard analysis
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - FAULT zones
KW  - FAULTS (Geology)
KW  - ORTHOGONAL decompositions
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - GEOPHYSICAL prediction
KW  - earthquake prediction
KW  - earthquake prediction.
KW  - Fault dynamics
KW  - surface deformation
N1  - Accession Number: 14932810; Anghel, Marian 1; Email Address: manghel@lanl.gov Ben-Zion, Yehuda 2; Email Address: benzion@usc.edu Rico-Martinez, Ramiro 3; Email Address: ramiro@losalamos.princeton.edu; Affiliation:  1: Computer and Computational Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Tecnologico de Celaya; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 161 Issue 9/10, p2023; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKE hazard analysis; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: FAULT zones; Subject Term: FAULTS (Geology); Subject Term: ORTHOGONAL decompositions; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Subject Term: GEOPHYSICAL prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: earthquake prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: earthquake prediction.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fault dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface deformation; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00024-004-2547-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kovács, A.
AU  - Baranyai, M.
AU  - Fuochi, P.G.
AU  - Lavalle, M.
AU  - Corda, U.
AU  - Miller, S.
AU  - Murphy, M.
AU  - O’Doherty, J.
T1  - The application of Sunna dosimeter film for process control at industrial gamma- and electron beam irradiation facilities
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 71
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
EP  - 333
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - The Sunna dosimeter was introduced for dose determination in the dose range of 50–300 kGy by measuring optically stimulated luminescence. The usefulness of the dosimeter film has already been shown in food irradiation for routine process control. The aim of the present study was to check the performance of the Sunna dosimeter film for process control in radiation sterilization under industrial processing conditions, i.e. at high activity gamma irradiators and at high energy electron beam facilities. To ensure similar irradiation conditions during calibration and routine irradiation “in-plant calibration” was performed by irradiating the Sunna dosimeters together with ethanol–monochlorobenzene transfer standard and alanine reference standard dosimeters. The Sunna dosimeters were then irradiated together with the routine dosimeter of the actual plant during regular production runs and the absorbed doses measured by the different dosimeters agreed within <f>±2%(1σ)</f>. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION dosimetry
KW  - PROCESS control
KW  - ELECTRON beams -- Industrial applications
KW  - FOOD irradiation
KW  - In-plant calibration
KW  - Radiation processing dosimetry
KW  - Sunna dosimeter
N1  - Accession Number: 14034522; Kovács, A. 1; Email Address: akovacs@iki.kfki.hu Baranyai, M. 1 Fuochi, P.G. 2 Lavalle, M. 2 Corda, U. 2 Miller, S. 3 Murphy, M. 3 O’Doherty, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Isotope- and Surface Chemistry, Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, P.O.B. 77, Hungary  2: FRAE, CNR, 40124 Bologna, Italy  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O.B. 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  4: Glendinning Enterprises, Westport, Co. Mayo, Ireland; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 71 Issue 1/2, p329; Subject Term: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject Term: PROCESS control; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: FOOD irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: In-plant calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation processing dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sunna dosimeter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2004.04.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crumbling, Deana M.
AU  - Hayworth, Joel S.
AU  - Call, Bradley A.
AU  - Davis, William M.
AU  - Howe, Robert
AU  - Miller, David S.
AU  - Johnson, Robert
T1  - The maturing of the Triad approach: Avoiding misconceptions.
JO  - Remediation Journal
JF  - Remediation Journal
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
EP  - 96
SN  - 10515658
AB  - Misunderstandings and misconceptions have arisen as the Triad approach has gained wider application. The Triad initiative's ability to catalyze second-generation cleanup practices will be hampered if inaccurate or incomplete assumptions create persistent confusion about what Triad is or how it works. This article has been prepared by the multi-agency workgroup responsible for articulating the Triad approach and coordinating national Triad efforts. It serves to address some misunderstandings about key Triad concepts. As an aid to those wishing to learn more, a new Web site (the Triad Resource Center, http://www.triadcentral.org) and a new Triad reference document from the Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC) are introduced as sources of explanatory information supporting the Triad approach. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Remediation Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 69708673; Crumbling, Deana M. 1; Hayworth, Joel S. 1; Call, Bradley A. 2; Davis, William M. 3; Howe, Robert 4,5; Miller, David S. 6; Johnson, Robert 6; Affiliations: 1: No affiliation; 2: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; 3: Tri-Corder Environmental, Inc.; 4: US EPA's Triad efforts; 5: Brownfields Technical Support Center; 6: Argonne National Laboratory; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p81; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/rem.20023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerhardt, S.P.
AU  - Canik, J.M.
AU  - Anderson, D.T.
AU  - Owen, L.
T1  - Hα detector system for the Helically Symmetric Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 75
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2981
EP  - 2984
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A system of absolutely calibrated Hα detectors for neutral hydrogen monitoring has been designed and implemented for the Helically Symmetric eXperiment. An array of detectors at fixed poloidal angle but many toroidal angles yields a measurement of the toroidal asymmetry in Hα emission and is used for monitoring hydrogen recycling. A multichord array at the toroidal angle of the gas puff allows an accurate determination of neutral gas penetration. Preliminary neutral gas modeling allows for the estimation of the density of atomic and molecular hydrogen from the Hα emission, which are used for particle transport and flow damping studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14803232; Gerhardt, S.P. 1; Email Address: sgerhard@pppl.gov Canik, J.M. 1 Anderson, D.T. 1 Owen, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 75 Issue 9, p2981; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784562
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jayakumar, R.J.
AU  - Makowski, M.A.
AU  - Allen, S.L.
AU  - Austin, M.E.
AU  - Garofalo, A.M.
AU  - LaHaye, R.J.
AU  - Reimerdes, H.
AU  - Rhodes, T.L.
T1  - Observation of magnetohydrodynamic instability and direct measurement of local perturbed magnetic field using motional Stark effect diagnostic.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 75
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2995
EP  - 3001
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The local oscillating component of the poloidal magnetic field in plasma associated with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities has been measured using the motional Stark effects (MSE) diagnostic on the DIII–D tokamark. The magnetic field perturbations associated with a resistive wall mode rotated by internal coils at 20 Hz was measured using the conventional MSE operation mode. These first observations of perturbations due to a MHD mode were obtained on multiple MSE channels covering a significant portion of the plasma and the radial profile of the amplitude of the perturbed field oscillations was obtained. The measured profile is similar to the profile of the amplitude of the electron temperature oscillation measured by electron cyclotron emission (ECE) measurements. In a new mode of measurement, the amplitude of a tearing mode rotating at a high frequency (∼7 kHz) was observed using the spectral analysis of high frequency MSE data on one channel. The spectrum consists of the harmonics of the light modulation employed in the MSE diagnostics, their mutual beat frequencies and their beat frequencies with the rotation frequency of the tearing mode. The value and time variation of the frequency of the observed perturbations is in good agreement with that measured by Mirnov probes and ECE. The article demonstrates that the MSE diagnostic can be used for observing low and high frequency phenomena such as MHD instabilities and electromagnetic turbulence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - STARK effect
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14803230; Jayakumar, R.J. 1; Email Address: jay.jayakumar@gat.com Makowski, M.A. 1 Allen, S.L. 1 Austin, M.E. 2 Garofalo, A.M. 3 LaHaye, R.J. 4 Reimerdes, H. 3 Rhodes, T.L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  2: University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas  3: Columbia University, New York, New York  4: General Atomics, P. O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5688  5: University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 75 Issue 9, p2995; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: STARK effect; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785847
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodge, A.M.
AU  - Hsiung, L.M.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Creep of nearly lamellar TiAl alloy containing W
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 411
EP  - 415
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Effects of W on the creep resistance of two nearly fully lamellar TiAl alloys with 1.0 and 2.0 at.% W have been investigated. In the low stress regime (LS) a nearly quadratic (<f>1.5<n<2</f>) creep behavior was observed. It is found that the addition of W can improve the creep resistance; however, the addition of excess W can result in the formation of β phase, which produces an adverse effect on the creep strength. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - β phase
KW  - Creep behavior
KW  - Lamellar TiAl
KW  - Ultrafine lamellar microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 13468727; Hodge, A.M.; Email Address: hodge4@llnl.gov Hsiung, L.M. 1 Nieh, T.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, P.O. Box 808, L-352, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p411; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: β phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lamellar TiAl; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafine lamellar microstructure; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.05.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wingo, Robert M.
AU  - Prenger, F. Coyne
AU  - Johnson, Michael D.
AU  - Waynert, Joseph A.
AU  - Worl, Laura A.
AU  - Tung-yu Ying
T1  - High-Gradient Magnetic Field Split-Flow Thin Channel(HGMF-SPLITT) Fractionation of Nanoscale Paramagnetic Particles.
JO  - Separation Science & Technology
JF  - Separation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2769
EP  - 2783
SN  - 01496395
AB  - High-gradient magnetic field(HGMF) split-flow thin channel(SPLITT) fractionation(HGMF-SPLITT) is a newly developed magnetic fractionation technique for separating submicron and/or nanoscale paramagnetic particulate species in a continuously flowing separator. Incorporation of high-gradient magnetic fields, into the split-flow-fractionation separator geometry, increases the magnetic force experienced by a paramagnetic submicron particle relative to current magnetic field-flow-fractionation devices. The application of HGMF-SPLITT fractionation, for selective separation of paramagnetic submicron particulates, was experimentally investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Separation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - CELL fractionation
KW  - PARAMAGNETISM
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - Field-flow-fractionation
KW  - Fractionation
KW  - High gradient
KW  - Magnetic
KW  - Paramagnetic
KW  - Separations
KW  - Splitt
KW  - Submicron
N1  - Accession Number: 14309964; Wingo, Robert M. 1,2; Email Address: wingo@lanl.gov Prenger, F. Coyne 1 Johnson, Michael D. 2 Waynert, Joseph A. 1 Worl, Laura A. 3 Tung-yu Ying 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Applied Chemical Technologies Group, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA.  3: Nuclear Materials Technologies Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 39 Issue 12, p2769; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: CELL fractionation; Subject Term: PARAMAGNETISM; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Field-flow-fractionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: High gradient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paramagnetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Splitt; Author-Supplied Keyword: Submicron; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SS-200028435
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ching-Ju Chin
AU  - Shih-Chien Lu
AU  - Yiacoumi, Sotira
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
T1  - Fractal Dimension of Particle Aggregates in Magnetic Fields.
JO  - Separation Science & Technology
JF  - Separation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 39
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2839
EP  - 2862
SN  - 01496395
AB  - Particle flocculation plays a major role in water treatment processes. In flocculation kinetics models it is usually assumed that spherical particles collide and form spherical aggregates. Real aggregates, however, are of irregular shapes and can be considered as fractal objects. The structure of fractal objects can be described by a fractal dimension number that plays an important role in aggregation kinetics. Two-dimensional computer simulations of particle aggregation are carried out in this work to directly observe the evolution of floc size and to determine their fractal dimension. The computer program developed in this study simulates random particle motion as well as cluster growth. The simulation results are visualized using Java programming language. The fractal dimension of the simulated clusters is determined based on the linear relationship between log-(mass of clusters) and log-(radius of clusters). Primary forces acting on individual particles, including van der Waals, electrostatic, magnetic dipole, and hydrodynamic interparticle forces, are examined to determine the collision efficiency at different collision angles, as well as the structure of the aggregates. The effect of magnetic dipole forces on the fractal dimension and chain formation is examined. It is shown that when the magnetic dipole force is of the same magnitude as the double-layer force within a narrow range of zeta potential values, one-dimensional or two-dimensional clusters may be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Separation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - DIPOLE moments
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
KW  - SEWAGE -- Purification
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Brownian flocculation
KW  - Fractal dimension
KW  - Magnetic flocculation
KW  - Particle aggregation
N1  - Accession Number: 14309962; Ching-Ju Chin 1; Email Address: cjchin@ncuen.ncu.edu.tw Shih-Chien Lu 1 Yiacoumi, Sotira 1 Tsouris, Costas 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 39 Issue 12, p2839; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: DIPOLE moments; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Subject Term: SEWAGE -- Purification; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brownian flocculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractal dimension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic flocculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle aggregation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SS-200028768
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bou-Rabee, Nawaf M.
AU  - Marsden, Jerrold E.
AU  - Romero, Louis A.
T1  - Tippe Top Inversion as a Dissipation-Induced Instability.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 352
EP  - 377
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 15360040
AB  - By treating tippe top inversion as a dissipation-induced instability, we explain tippe top inversion through a system we call the modified Maxwell­Bloch equations. We revisit previous work done on this problem and follow Or's mathematical model [SIAM J. Appl. Math., 54 (1994), pp. 597–609]. A linear analysis of the equations of motion reveals that the only equilibrium points correspond to the inverted and noninverted states of the tippe top and that the modified Maxwell–Bloch equations describe the linear/spectral stability of these equilibria. We supply explicit criteria for the spectral stability of these states. A nonlinear global analysis based on energetics yields explicit criteria for the existence of a heteroclinic connection between the noninverted and inverted states of the tippe top. This criteria for the existence of a heteroclinic connection turns out to agree with the criteria for spectral stability of the inverted and noninverted states. Throughout the work we support the analysis with numerical evidence and include simulations to illustrate the nonlinear dynamics of the tippe top. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - EQUATIONS of motion
KW  - axisymmetric rigid body
KW  - constrained rotational motion
KW  - dissipation-induced instability
KW  - tippe top inversion
N1  - Accession Number: 14599179; Bou-Rabee, Nawaf M. 1; Email Address: nawaf@acm.caltech.edu Marsden, Jerrold E. 2; Email Address: marsden@cds.caltech.edu Romero, Louis A. 3; Email Address: lromero@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied and Computational Mathematics, Caltech, Pasadena, CA  2: Control and Dynamical Systems, Caltech, Pasadena, CA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 3 Issue 3, p352; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: axisymmetric rigid body; Author-Supplied Keyword: constrained rotational motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: dissipation-induced instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: tippe top inversion; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/030601351
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - D'Azevedo, E. F.
AU  - Messer, B.
AU  - Mezzacappa, A.
AU  - Liebendorfer, M.
T1  - AN ADI-LIKE PRECONDITIONER FOR BOLTZMANN TRANSPORT.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
JF  - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 810
EP  - 820
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 10648275
AB  - Numerical modeling of radiation transport and fluid dynamics are central to many fields of science. This paper studies the application of preconditioned iterative methods to time- dependent coupled hydrodynamics and radiation (Boltzmann) transport. In particular, we focus on the solution of Jacobian matrices in full Newton iterations in the modeling of neutrino (radiation) transport in core collapse supernovae. This is a demanding radiation hydrodynamics application, requiring accurate time-dependent neutrino transport coupled to hydrodynamics driven by this transport. Given a fully implicit finite differencing of the transport equations, the Jacobian matrices have a special block tridiagonal structure. The off-diagonal blocks are exactly diagonal and correspond to the spatial transport of neutrinos and the coupling of adjacent spatial zones owing to this transport. The dense diagonal blocks, on the other hand, arise from the coupling between the neutrino direction cosines and energy, as a result of neutrino emission, absorption, and scattering, in the multiple species multiple energy group discrete ordinates formulation for solving the Boltzmann transport equations. We consider an effective alternating direct implicit (ADI)-like preconditioner where we alternately sweep along the one-dimensional spatial direction and separatelly handle the coupling among multi- direction multigroup variables within each spatial discretization cell. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the fast convergence and efficient parallel implementation. The results suggest that even simple fixed point iteration can achieve a similar convergence rate as GMRES and BICGSTAB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - alternating direction implicit method
KW  - Boltzmann transport
KW  - operator splitting
KW  - preconditioned Krylov methods
KW  - radiation hydrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 16196376; D'Azevedo, E. F. 1; Email Address: dazevedoef@ornl.gov Messer, B. 2; Email Address: bronson@uchicago.edu Mezzacappa, A. 3; Email Address: mezzacappaa@ornl.gov Liebendorfer, M. 4; Email Address: liebend@cita.utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6367, Bldg. 6012, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367.  2: ASC/Alliances Flash Center, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Aye, RI 453, Chicago, IL 60637.  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6354, Bldg. 6010, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6354.  4: Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M55 3H8.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p810; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: alternating direction implicit method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boltzmann transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: operator splitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: preconditioned Krylov methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation hydrodynamics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S1064827503424013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garten Jr., Charles T.
T1  - Potential net soil N mineralization and decomposition of glycine-13C in forest soils along an elevation gradient
JO  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
JF  - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 36
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1491
EP  - 1496
AB  - The objective of this research was to better understand patterns of soil nitrogen (N) availability and soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition in forest soils across an elevation gradient (235–1670 m) in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Laboratory studies were used to determine the potential rate of net soil N mineralization and in situ studies of 13C-labelled glycine were used to infer differences in decomposition rates. Nitrogen stocks, surface soil (0–5 cm) N concentrations, and the pool of potentially mineralizable surface soil N tended to increase from low to high elevations. Rates of potential net soil N mineralization were not significantly correlated with elevation. Increasing soil N availability with elevation is primarily due to greater soil N stocks and lower substrate C-to-N ratios, rather than differences in potential net soil N mineralization rates. The loss rate of 13C from labelled soils (0–20 cm) was inversely related to study site elevation (<f>r=-0.85;</f> <f>P<0.05</f>) and directly related to mean annual temperature (+0.86; <f>P<0.05</f>). The results indicated different patterns of potential net soil N mineralization and 13C loss along the elevation gradient. The different patterns can be explained within a framework of climate, substrate chemistry, and coupled soil C and N stocks. Although less SOM decomposition is indicated at cool, high-elevation sites, low substrate C-to-N ratios in these N-rich systems result in more N release (N mineralization) for each unit of C converted to CO2 by soil microorganisms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Soil Biology & Biochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - BIOMINERALIZATION
KW  - FOREST soils
KW  - GLYCINE
KW  - C-to-N ratios
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Glycine
KW  - Litter chemistry
KW  - N availability
KW  - Soil organic matter
N1  - Accession Number: 13804528; Garten Jr., Charles T. 1; Email Address: gartenctjr@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Mail Stop 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 36 Issue 9, p1491; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: BIOMINERALIZATION; Subject Term: FOREST soils; Subject Term: GLYCINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: C-to-N ratios; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Litter chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: N availability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil organic matter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.04.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Witten, G. Q.
AU  - Perelson, A. S.
T1  - Modelling the cellular-level interaction between the immune system and HIV.
JO  - South African Journal of Science
JF  - South African Journal of Science
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 100
IS  - 9/10
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 451
PB  - Academy of Science of South Africa
SN  - 00382353
AB  - MATHEMATICAL MODELS HAVE BEEN shown to provide substantial insights into our understanding of the dynamics of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at both the population and cellular level. Collaboration between experimentalists and mathematical modellers has allowed models to be evaluated and parameterized, and used to test several key hypotheses, for example, the role of the immune system in the progression of disease and how HIV evolves resistance to antiretroviral treatment. An explosion of the application of mathematical models to the cellular aspect of infection was seen in the 1980s and thus far success in describing HIV has been due, in part, to the availability of reliable experimental data. However, there remains a number of puzzling quantitative features. What is required is a type of theory- driven experimental, statistical analysis, and a mathematical modelling approach to solving these challenges. In this article we review how mathematical models are being applied to understand the cellular-level interactions between the human immunodeficiency virus and the immune system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of South African Journal of Science is the property of Academy of Science of South Africa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - IMMUNODEFICIENCY
KW  - INFECTION
KW  - MEDICAL microbiology
KW  - HYPOTHESIS
KW  - IMMUNITY
N1  - Accession Number: 15627253; Witten, G. Q. 1; Email Address: gareth@aims.uct.ac.za Perelson, A. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, U.S.A.; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 100 Issue 9/10, p447; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: IMMUNODEFICIENCY; Subject Term: INFECTION; Subject Term: MEDICAL microbiology; Subject Term: HYPOTHESIS; Subject Term: IMMUNITY; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajan, Shyamala S.
AU  - Yang, Xiaojing
AU  - Collart, Frank
AU  - Yip, Vivian L.Y.
AU  - Withers, Stephen G.
AU  - Varrot, Annabelle
AU  - Thompson, John
AU  - Davies, Gideon J.
AU  - Anderson, Wayne F.
T1  - Novel Catalytic Mechanism of Glycoside Hydrolysis Based on the Structure of an NAD+/Mn2+-Dependent Phospho-α-Glucosidase from Bacillus subtilis
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 12
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1619
EP  - 1629
SN  - 09692126
AB  - GlvA, a 6-phospho-α-glucosidase from Bacillus subtilis, catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose-6′-phosphate and belongs to glycoside hydrolase family GH4. GH4 enzymes are unique in their requirement for NAD(H) and a divalent metal for activity. We have determined the crystal structure of GlvA in complex with its ligands to 2.05 Å resolution. Analyses of the active site architecture, in conjunction with mechanistic studies and precedent from the nucleotide diphosphate hexose dehydratases and other systems, suggest a novel mechanism of glycoside hydrolysis by GlvA that involves both the NAD(H) and the metal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLYCOSIDASES
KW  - BACILLUS subtilis
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - MALTOSE
N1  - Accession Number: 14314597; Rajan, Shyamala S. 1 Yang, Xiaojing 1 Collart, Frank 2 Yip, Vivian L.Y. 3 Withers, Stephen G. 3 Varrot, Annabelle 4 Thompson, John 5 Davies, Gideon J. 4 Anderson, Wayne F. 1; Email Address: wf-anderson@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 USA  2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada  4: Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York Y015DD, United Kingdom  5: Microbial Biochemistry and Genetics Unit, Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 12 Issue 9, p1619; Subject Term: GLYCOSIDASES; Subject Term: BACILLUS subtilis; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: MALTOSE; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.06.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Darling, Seth B.
T1  - Nanomagnetism Workshop.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the nanomagnetism workshop, which featured recent advances in the science of nanoscale magnetic systems, held in Chicago, Illinois on May 4-6, 2004. Keynote speakers; Examination on the industrial applications of nanoscale magnetic systems; Discussion on the construction of self-assembled super lattices composed of magnetic nanocrystals.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - CHICAGO (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
N1  - Accession Number: 15207223; Darling, Seth B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p5; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: CHICAGO (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bertsch, Paul
AU  - Kelly, Shelly
AU  - Kemner, Kenneth
AU  - Sutton, Steve
T1  - Future Directions in Synchrotron Environmental Science.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 6
EP  - 8
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the workshop on future directions in synchrotron environmental science, held on May 4-6, 2004 at Argonne National Laboratory in Chicago, Illinois. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - CHICAGO (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15207229; Bertsch, Paul 1 Kelly, Shelly 2 Kemner, Kenneth 2 Sutton, Steve 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Georgia  2: Argonne National Laboratory  3: University of Chicago; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p6; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sciences; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: CHICAGO (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Company/Entity: ARGONNE National Laboratory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hill, John
AU  - Alp, Ercan
T1  - Inelastic X-ray Scattering: Present and Future at the APS.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 8
EP  - 10
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the workshop on inelastic x-ray scattering, held on May 4-6, 2004 at Argonne National Laboratory in Chicago, Illinois. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - CHICAGO (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15207240; Hill, John 1 Alp, Ercan 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p8; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: CHICAGO (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Company/Entity: ARGONNE National Laboratory; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goshe, Andrew J.
AU  - Tiede, David M.
T1  - Workshop on Chemical and Biological Nanoscale Materials.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 11
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the workshop on chemical and biological nanoscale materials, held on May 4-6, 2004 at Argonne National Laboratory in Chicago, Illinois. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - CHICAGO (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15207243; Goshe, Andrew J. 1 Tiede, David M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory  2: Center for Nanoscale Materials and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p10; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: CHICAGO (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Company/Entity: ARGONNE National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fernandez, Patricia
AU  - Quintana, John
T1  - X-ray Detector Technologies: Present and Future Directions Workshop.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop, which summarized the x-ray detector technologies, held on May 4-6, 2004 at Argonne National Laboratory in Chicago, Illinois. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - CHICAGO (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15207249; Fernandez, Patricia 1 Quintana, John 2; Affiliation:  1: APS Argonne National Laboratory  2: Northwestern University; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p11; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: CHICAGO (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Company/Entity: ARGONNE National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soderholm, L.
T1  - Workshop on Advancing Actinide Science.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 12
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the workshop on advancing actinide science, held on May 4-6, 2004 at Argonne National Laboratory in Chicago, Illinois. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - CHICAGO (Ill.)
KW  - ILLINOIS
KW  - ARGONNE National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15207253; Soderholm, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division and Actinide Facility, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p11; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: CHICAGO (Ill.); Subject Term: ILLINOIS; Company/Entity: ARGONNE National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mgrdichian, Laura
AU  - Gogos, Arhonda
AU  - Shapiro, Lawrence
T1  - 2004 NSLS Annual Users' Meeting Caps Off Another Successful Year.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 15
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights the 2004 National Synchrotron Light Source Annual Users' Meeting, held on May 17-20, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Theme of the conference; Attendees; Programs and activities; Keynote speakers; Award recipients.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MEETINGS
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207262; Mgrdichian, Laura 1 Gogos, Arhonda 2 Shapiro, Lawrence 2; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p13; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MEETINGS; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siddons, D. Peter
AU  - De Geronimo, Gianluigi
T1  - Better Ways to See the Light: Advanced Detectors for Synchrotron Radiation.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 17
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop on advanced detectors for synchrotron radiation, held on May 17-20, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - RADIATION measurements
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207264; Siddons, D. Peter 1 De Geronimo, Gianluigi 2; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: Instrumentations Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p16; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: RADIATION measurements; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allaire, Marc
T1  - Anatomy of a Virus.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 19
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop on the anatomy of a virus, held on May 17-20, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Purpose of the workshop; Topics discussed; Keynote speakers.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - VIROLOGY
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207271; Allaire, Marc 1; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p18; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: VIROLOGY; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ocko, Ben
AU  - Smilgies, Detlef
T1  - Grazing Incidence Small X-ray Scattering.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 21
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop on gazing incidence small x-ray scattering, held on May 17, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207272; Ocko, Ben 1 Smilgies, Detlef 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: CHESS, Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p20; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Takacs, Peter Z.
AU  - Hulbert, Steven
T1  - Advanced Optical Systems and Metrology for High Power and Coherent Beam Lines.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 23
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop on advanced optical systems and metrology for high power and coherent beam lines, held on May 17-20, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - METROLOGY
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207275; Takacs, Peter Z. 1 Hulbert, Steven 2; Affiliation:  1: Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p22; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: METROLOGY; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caliebe, Wolfgang
AU  - Tyson, Trevor
T1  - Applications of Synchrotron-based Methods to Hydrogen Storage Materials.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 24
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop on applications of synchrotron-based methods to hydrogen storage materials, held on May 19, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207279; Caliebe, Wolfgang 1 Tyson, Trevor 2; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p24; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanchez-Hanke, Cecilia
AU  - Sutter, Peter
T1  - Nanoprobes for Nanosciences.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 26
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop on synchrotron-based nanoprobes for nanosciences, held on May 19, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207286; Sanchez-Hanke, Cecilia 1 Sutter, Peter 1; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p25; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stojanoff, Vivian
AU  - Chayen, Naomi
T1  - Crystallization: Focus on Membrane Proteins.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 27
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop on crystallization techniques available to membrane proteins, held on May 17-20, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207289; Stojanoff, Vivian 1 Chayen, Naomi 2; Affiliation:  1: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory  2: Biological Structure and Function Section, Imperial College of London; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p27; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephens, Peter W.
T1  - Pharmaceutical Applications of Synchrotron Radiation.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 28
EP  - 29
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Highlights a workshop on pharmaceutical application of synchrotron radiation, held on May 17, 2004 at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York. Purpose of the workshop; Keynote speakers; Topics discussed.
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - PHARMACEUTICAL technology
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - LONG Island (N.Y.)
KW  - NEW York (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 15207292; Stephens, Peter W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, Stony Brook University and National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p28; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: PHARMACEUTICAL technology; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: LONG Island (N.Y.); Subject Term: NEW York (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chemla, D.S.
AU  - Feinberg, B.
AU  - Hussain, Z.
AU  - Kirz, J.
AU  - Krebs, G.F.
AU  - Padmore, H.A.
AU  - Robin, D.S.
AU  - Robinson, A.L.
AU  - Smith, N.V.
T1  - An Upgrade for the Advanced Light Source.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
EP  - 51
SN  - 08940886
AB  - Reports on the planned upgrade for the advance light source at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California. Importance of an upgrade in ALS retain its competitiveness with accelerator and insertion-device technology; Method to enhanced the brightness of ALS; Accomplishment of the upgrade in a phased sequence of short shutdowns.
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation sources
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - BERKELEY (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
N1  - Accession Number: 15207311; Chemla, D.S. 1 Feinberg, B. 1 Hussain, Z. 1 Kirz, J. 1 Krebs, G.F. 1 Padmore, H.A. 1 Robin, D.S. 1 Robinson, A.L. 1 Smith, N.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p46; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation sources; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: BERKELEY (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chaudhary, Anu
AU  - Sauer, Nancy N.
AU  - Gupta, Goutam
T1  - Beryllium-specific immune response in primary cells from healthy individuals
JO  - Toxicology
JF  - Toxicology
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 201
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 19
SN  - 0300483X
AB  - The effect of beryllium (Be) exposure has been extensively studied in patients with chronic beryllium disease (CBD). CBD patients carry mutated MHC class II alleles and show a hyperproliferation of T cells upon Be exposure. The exact mechanism of Be-induced T-cell proliferation in these patients is not clearly understood. It is also not known how the inflammatory and suppressive cytokines maintain a balance in healthy individuals and how this balance is lost in CBD patients. To address these issues, we have initiated cellular and biochemical studies to identify Be-responsive cytokines and other cellular markers that help maintain a balance in healthy individuals. We have established an immune cell model derived from a mixture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and dendritic cells (DCs). In this article, we demonstrate that pro-inflammatory cytokine IL6 shows decreased release whereas suppressive cytokine IL10 shows enhanced release after 5–10 h of Be treatment. Furthermore, the Be-specific pattern of IL6 and IL10 release is dependent upon induction of threonine phosphorylation of a 45 kDa cytosolic protein (p45), as early as 90 min after Be treatment. Pharmacological inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3′ kinase (PI3′K) by wortmannin and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by SB203580 reveal that PI3′K mediates Be-specific p45 phosphorylation and IL6 release, whereas p38 MAPK regulates the release of IL6 and IL10 and the phosphorylation of p45 independent of metal-salt treatment. While the IL10 and IL6 release pathways are uncoupled in these cells, they are linked to phosphorylation of p45. These findings suggest that the balance between IL10 and IL6 release and the correlated p45 phosphorylation are important components of the Be-mediated immune response in healthy individuals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - IMMUNE response
KW  - T cells
KW  - CELL proliferation
KW  - Beryllium
KW  - Chronic beryllium disease
KW  - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Cytokine
N1  - Accession Number: 14035332; Chaudhary, Anu 1 Sauer, Nancy N. 2 Gupta, Goutam 1; Email Address: gxg@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: B-1, Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, HRL-1, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 201 Issue 1-3, p9; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: IMMUNE response; Subject Term: T cells; Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beryllium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronic beryllium disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphorylation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytokine; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pordesimo, L. O.
AU  - Sokhansanj, S.
AU  - Edens, W. C.
T1  - MOISTURE AND YIELD OF CORN STOVER FRACTIONS BEFORE AND AFTER GRAIN MATURITY.
JO  - Transactions of the ASAE
JF  - Transactions of the ASAE
Y1  - 2004/09//Sep/Oct2004
VL  - 47
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1597
EP  - 1603
SN  - 00012351
AB  - Corn stover is a currently low-value product that has been suggested as an ideal pioneer cellulosic feedstock for conversion to chemicals and fuel because of its abundance and proximity to existing grain-to-ethanol conversion facilities. However, corn stover is high in moisture at the time of grain harvest. High-moisture corn stover is difficult to handle, spoils readily, is prone to spontaneous combustion, and is a safety hazard when moldy; thus, field drying becomes an important consideration. Data on field moisture content, quantity, and quality of the corn plant fractions are essential to the on-going analysis of the stover supply system. This study involved monitoring the in-field dry down and biomass yield in two corn hybrids, Pioneer 32K61 and 32K64 (Bt), grown under southeastern U.S. conditions. The standing corn was sampled over a 109-day period that was started roughly a week before estimated grain physiological maturity until several weeks after the grain had reached harvest moisture. The two hybrids seemed to have no visual differences in field drying rates; hence, their data were pooled for analysis. The stalk fraction had the highest moisture over the study period, but by the end, 213 days after planting, all components of the corn plant reached nearly the same moisture content of 10% to 13% w.b. Moisture content of the stover could be estimated by doubling the grain moisture content when the grain moisture was between 18% and 31% w.b. After physiological maturity, the dry matter content of the stalk and husk fractions declined steadily. The leaf fraction mass sustained substantial losses (about 74%) very rapidly, mainly due to wind and rain damage. The amount of dry stover was about 50% of the total dry plant material over the monitoring period with stalks comprising 50% of the stover dry matter at the time grain was harvested. These data for Tennessee conditions (southeastern U.S.) support use of the convenient 1-to-1 rule of thumb for estimating... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transactions of the ASAE is the property of American Society of Agricultural & Biological Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORN stover
KW  - CORN stover as fuel
KW  - FEEDSTOCK
KW  - GRAIN
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Corn
KW  - Dry matter
KW  - Dry matter partitioning
KW  - Field drying
KW  - Moisture
KW  - Residue
KW  - Stover
KW  - Stover components
KW  - Stover fractions
KW  - Stover:grain ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 15233293; Pordesimo, L. O. 1,2,3; Email Address: pordesil@ba.ars.usda.gov Sokhansanj, S. 3,4 Edens, W. C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Associate Professor, Department of Biosystems Engineering and Environmental Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee  2: USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Instrumentation and Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland  3: ASAE Member Engineer  4: Distinguished Research Scientist, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  5: Research Associate, Department of Biosystems Engineering and Environmental Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; Source Info: Sep/Oct2004, Vol. 47 Issue 5, p1597; Subject Term: CORN stover; Subject Term: CORN stover as fuel; Subject Term: FEEDSTOCK; Subject Term: GRAIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dry matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dry matter partitioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field drying; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moisture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residue; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stover; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stover components; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stover fractions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stover:grain ratio; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); NAICS/Industry Codes: 311211 Flour Milling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311214 Rice milling and malt manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312120 Breweries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111191 Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111190 Other grain farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahajan, Devinder
AU  - Papish, Elizabeth T.
AU  - Pandya, Kaumudi
T1  - Sonolysis induced decomposition of metal carbonyls: kinetics and product characterization
JO  - Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
JF  - Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 392
SN  - 13504177
AB  - The decomposition kinetics of Fe(CO)5 and Mo(CO)6 induced by sonolysis in hexadecane solvent was studied as a function of temperature (303–343 K) under an inert atmosphere. The decomposition data, obtained over at least two half lives in most of the runs, yielded first-order rate constant (<f>k</f>) values with correlation co-efficient <f>(R2)>0.95</f>. The products were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) yielded images from which the mean particle diameter (MPD) of ∼10 nm for Fe and <3 nm for Mo were estimated. The generation of amorphous Fe and semi-crystalline Mo particles was determined from line broadening and corresponding d-spacing values in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The XAFS/XANES data were consistent with the production of Fe(0) metal but carbided Mo (Mo2C). The one-step production of high-yield pyrophoric products demonstrated the applicability of sonolysis to effectively produce gram-quantity of zero-valent metals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultrasonics Sonochemistry is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry)
KW  - IRON compounds
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - METAL carbonyls
KW  - Decomposition kinetics
KW  - Metal carbonyls
KW  - Nano synthesis
KW  - Sonolysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14036570; Mahajan, Devinder 1,2; Email Address: dmahajan@bnl.gov Papish, Elizabeth T. 1,3 Pandya, Kaumudi 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 815, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Salisbury University, Salisbury, MD 21801, USA  4: SFA, Advanced Technology Division, Largo, MD 20774, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p385; Subject Term: DECOMPOSITION (Chemistry); Subject Term: IRON compounds; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: METAL carbonyls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decomposition kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal carbonyls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sonolysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2003.10.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crooker, S. A.
AU  - Rickel, D. G.
AU  - Balatsky, A. V.
AU  - Smith, D. L.
T1  - Spectroscopy of spontaneous spin noise as a probe of spin dynamics and magnetic resonance.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/02/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7004
M3  - Article
SP  - 49
EP  - 52
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Not all noise in experimental measurements is unwelcome. Certain fundamental noise sources contain valuable information about the system itself—a notable example being the inherent voltage fluctuations (Johnson noise) that exist across any resistor, which allow the temperature to be determined1,2. In magnetic systems, fundamental noise can exist in the form of random spin fluctuations3,4. For example, statistical fluctuations of N paramagnetic spins should generate measurable noise of order √N p spins, even in zero magnetic field5,6. Here we exploit this effect to perform perturbation-free magnetic resonance. We use offresonant Faraday rotation to passively7,8 detect the magnetization noise in an equilibrium ensemble of paramagnetic alkali atoms; the random fluctuations generate spontaneous spin coherences that precess and decay with the same characteristic energy and timescales as the macroscopic magnetization of an intentionally polarized or driven ensemble. Correlation spectra of the measured spin noise reveal g-factors, nuclear spin, isotope abundance ratios, hyperfine splittings, nuclear moments and spin coherence lifetimes—without having to excite, optically pump or otherwise drive the system away from thermal equilibrium. These noise signatures scale inversely with interaction volume, suggesting a possible route towards non-perturbative, sourceless magnetic resonance of small systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 14307445; Crooker, S. A. 1 Rickel, D. G. 1 Balatsky, A. V. 2 Smith, D. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA  2: Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: 9/2/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7004, p49; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02804
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murayama, Hitoshi
T1  - CPT tests: kaon vs. neutrinos
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/09/02/
VL  - 597
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 77
SN  - 03702693
AB  - CPT violation has an impressive limit in the neutral kaon system . However, if viewed as a constraint on the mass-squared, the bound appears weak, . We point out that neutrino oscillation offers better limits on CPT violation in this case. The comparison of solar and rector neutrino results puts the best limit on CPT violation by far,  (90% CL). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - KAONS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14035690; Murayama, Hitoshi 1,2; Email Address: murayama@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 597 Issue 1, p73; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: KAONS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.06.106
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Comparison between the adsorption behaviors of an organic cation and an organic anion on several reversed-phase liquid chromatography adsorbents
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/09/03/
VL  - 1048
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Abstract: Adsorption data of an organic cation (propranololium chloride) and an organic anion (sodium 1-naphthalene sulfonate) were measured by frontal analysis on two RPLC adsorbents, Symmetry-C18 and XTerra-C18, with aqueous solutions of methanol as the mobile phases. The influence of supporting neutral salts on the adsorption behavior of these two ions are compared. The Henry constants are close ( 5). The four sets of isotherm data are all well accounted for using the bi-Moreau model. However, the isotherms of the two ions behave differently at high concentrations. The initial behaviors of all the isotherms are antilangmuirian but remain so in a much wider concentration range for the cation than for the anion, due to its stronger adsorbate–adsorbate interactions on the low-energy adsorption sites. The retention times of both ions increase with increasing concentration of neutral salt in the mobile phase, suggesting the formation of ion-pair complexes, with Cl- for the cation and with Na+ for the anion. The adsorbate–adsorbate interactions vanish in the presence of salt and the bi-Moreau isotherm model tends toward a bi-Langmuir model. Differences in adsorption behavior are also observed between the cation and the anion when bivalent inorganic anions and cations, respectively, are dissolved in the mobile phase. High concentration band profiles of 1-naphthalene sulfonic acid are langmuirian, except in the presence of a trivalent cation, while those of propranolol are antilangmuirian under certain conditions even with uni- or divalent cations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Surface chemistry
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Adsorption equilibria
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Inverse method
KW  - Ion-pair complexes
KW  - Moreau isotherm model
KW  - Overloaded band profiles
KW  - Propranolol
KW  - Sodium 1-naphthalene sulfonate
N1  - Accession Number: 19153751; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 1048 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Surface chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption equilibria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-pair complexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moreau isotherm model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Overloaded band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propranolol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sodium 1-naphthalene sulfonate; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.134
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chou, Yeong-Shyung
AU  - Stevenson, Jeffry W.
T1  - Novel infiltrated Phlogopite mica compressive seals for solid oxide fuel cells
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/09/03/
VL  - 135
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 72
EP  - 78
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A novel compressive Phlogopite mica seal was developed that showed superior thermal cycle stability with very low leak rates at 800 °C. A commercially available Phlogopite mica paper was infiltrated with a wetting or melt-forming agent, and tested in a hybrid form during thermal cycling. The results of H3BO3-infiltrated mica showed a continued decrease in leak rates over thermal cycling, and very low rates (<<F>5×10-4</F> sccm/cm) were obtained after ∼15 thermal cycles. The results of Bi-nitrate infiltrated mica exhibited a constant leak rate of <F>(1–4)×10-3</F> sccm/cm over 36 thermal cycles. The leak rates of the infiltrated mica were one to two orders of magnitude lower than leak rates for the as-received micas. Open circuit voltage tests were also conducted using dense 8YSZ plates to assess the effectiveness of the mica seals. Open circuit voltages equivalent to, or close to, the theoretical (Nernst) values were obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHLOGOPITE
KW  - MICA
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - Compressive seal
KW  - Leak rate
KW  - Open circuit voltage
KW  - Phlogopite mica
KW  - Thermal cycling
N1  - Accession Number: 14187526; Chou, Yeong-Shyung; Email Address: yeong-shyung.chou@pnl.gov Stevenson, Jeffry W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Material Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 135 Issue 1/2, p72; Subject Term: PHLOGOPITE; Subject Term: MICA; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compressive seal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Leak rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Open circuit voltage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phlogopite mica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal cycling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.02.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doeff, Marca M.
AU  - Richardson, Thomas J.
AU  - Hwang, Kwang-Taek
T1  - Electrochemical and structural characterization of titanium-substituted manganese oxides based on Na0.44MnO2
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/09/03/
VL  - 135
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 240
EP  - 248
SN  - 03787753
AB  - A series of titanium-substituted manganese oxides, LixTiyMn1-yO2 (<F>y=0.11,0.22,0.33,0.44</F>, and 0.55) with the Na0.44MnO2 structure were prepared from NaxTiyMn1-yO2 (<F>x≈0.44</F>) precursors. The electrochemical characteristics of these compounds, which retain the unique double-tunnel structure during ion exchange, were examined in lithium/polymer electrolyte cells operating at 85 °C. All of the substituted cathode materials intercalated lithium reversibly, with LixTi0.22Mn0.78O2 exhibiting the highest capacity in polymer cells, about 10–20% greater than that of unsubstituted LixMnO2 made from Na0.44MnO2. In common with LixMnO2, the Ti-substituted materials exhibited good capacity retention over one hundred or more cycles, with some compositions exhibiting a fade rate of less than 0.03% per cycle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - MANGANESE oxides
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - Cathodes
KW  - Lithium rechargeable batteries
KW  - Manganese oxides
KW  - Na0.44MnO2
N1  - Accession Number: 14187543; Doeff, Marca M. 1; Email Address: mmdoeff@lbl.gov Richardson, Thomas J. 2 Hwang, Kwang-Taek 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 135 Issue 1/2, p240; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: MANGANESE oxides; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium rechargeable batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manganese oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Na0.44MnO2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liska, Richard
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail
AU  - Ganzha, Victor
T1  - Analysis and optimization of inner products for mimetic finite difference methods on a triangular grid
JO  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
JF  - Mathematics & Computers in Simulation
Y1  - 2004/09/03/
VL  - 67
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 66
SN  - 03784754
AB  - The support operator method designs mimetic finite difference schemes by first constructing a discrete divergence operator based on the divergence theorem, and then defining the discrete gradient operator as the adjoint operator of the divergence based on the Gauss theorem connecting the divergence and gradient operators, which remains valid also in the discrete case. When evaluating the discrete gradient operator, one needs to define discrete inner products of two discrete vector fields. The local discrete inner product on a given triangle is defined by a <F>3×3</F> symmetric positive definite matrix <F>M</F> defined by its six independent elements–parameters. Using the Gauss theorem over our triangle, we evaluate the discrete gradient in the triangle. We require the discrete gradient to be exact for linear functions, which gives us a system of linear equations for elements of the matrix <F>M</F>. This system, together with inequalities which guarantee positive definiteness of the matrix <F>M</F>, results in a one parameter family of inner products which give exact gradients for linear functions. The traditional inner product is a member of this family. The positive free parameter can be used to improve another property of the discrete method. We show that accuracy of the method for quadratic functions improves with decreasing this parameter, however, at the same time, the condition number of the matrix <F>M</F>, which is the local matrix of the linear system for computing the discrete gradient, increases to infinity when the parameter goes to zero, so one needs to choose a compromise between accuracy and solvability of the local system. Our analysis has been performed by computer algebra tools which proved to be essential. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematics & Computers in Simulation is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - VECTOR analysis
KW  - UNIVERSAL algebra
KW  - 02.30.Jr
KW  - 02.60.Lj
KW  - 02.70.Bf
KW  - Mimetic finite difference method
KW  - Support operator
KW  - Triangular grid
N1  - Accession Number: 14187938; Liska, Richard 1; Email Address: liska@siduri.fjfi.cvut.cz Shashkov, Mikhail 2; Email Address: shashkov@lanl.gov Ganzha, Victor 3; Email Address: ganzha@in.tum.de; Affiliation:  1: Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Břehová 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  3: Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstrasse 21, 80333 Munich, Germany; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 67 Issue 1/2, p55; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: VECTOR analysis; Subject Term: UNIVERSAL algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.30.Jr; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.60.Lj; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.70.Bf; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mimetic finite difference method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Support operator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triangular grid; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matcom.2004.05.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hallam, Steven J.
AU  - Putnam, Nik
AU  - Preston, Christina M.
AU  - Detter, John C.
AU  - Rokhsar, Daniel
AU  - Richardson, Paul M.
AU  - DeLong, Edward F.
T1  - Reverse Methanogenesis: Testing the Hypothesis with Environmental Genomics.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/09/03/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5689
M3  - Article
SP  - 1457
EP  - 1462
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Microbial methane consumption in anoxic sediments significantly impacts the global environment by reducing the flux of greenhouse gases from ocean to atmosphere. Despite its significance, the biological mechanisms controlling anaerobic methane oxidation are not well characterized. One current model suggests that relatives of methane-producing Archaea developed the capacity to reverse methanogenesis and thereby to consume methane to produce cellular carbon and energy. We report here a test of the "reverse-methanogenesis" hypothesis by genomic analyses of methane-oxidizing Archaea from deep-sea sediments. Our results show that nearly all genes typically associated with methane production are present in one specific group of archaeal methanotrophs. These genome-based observations support previous hypotheses and provide an informed foundation for metabolic modeling of anaerobic methane oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANE
KW  - GLOBAL environmental change
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - MANURE gases
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
N1  - Accession Number: 14576312; Hallam, Steven J. 1 Putnam, Nik 2 Preston, Christina M. 1 Detter, John C. 2 Rokhsar, Daniel 2 Richardson, Paul M. 2 DeLong, Edward F. 1; Email Address: delong@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA 95064, USA.  2: Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.; Source Info: 9/3/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5689, p1457; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: GLOBAL environmental change; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: MANURE gases; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ARCHAEBACTERIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2859
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lienert, U.
AU  - Han, T.-S.
AU  - Almer, J.
AU  - Dawson, P.R.
AU  - Leffers, T.
AU  - Margulies, L.
AU  - Nielsen, S.F.
AU  - Poulsen, H.F.
AU  - Schmidt, S.
T1  - Investigating the effect of grain interaction during plastic deformation of copper
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 52
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4461
EP  - 4467
SN  - 13596454
AB  - By diffraction of high-energy synchrotron X-rays, the variance of the axial lattice strains of individual grains is measured during tensile loading of a weakly textured copper polycrystal. Peak profiles are measured for {440} reflections arising from 20 bulk grains, all of which are at least one average grain diameter below the surfaces within a 0.2-mm thick specimen. The reflecting lattice planes are all perpendicular to the tensile axis. The variance in lattice strain between grains can therefore be attributed to differences in the boundary conditions imposed by the different sets of neighboring grains. The results are compared to finite-element modelling (FEM). Up to the highest applied strain of 2%, the experimental and FEM values are in fair agreement and the standard deviations may be roughly approximated as 6% of the average axial lattice strains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - Finite-element modelling
KW  - Internal stresses
KW  - Metal
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14101714; Lienert, U.; Email Address: lienert@aps.anl.gov Han, T.-S. 1 Almer, J. 2 Dawson, P.R. 1 Leffers, T. 3 Margulies, L. 3 Nielsen, S.F. 3 Poulsen, H.F. 3 Schmidt, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: 196 Rhodes Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 431, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Centre for Fundamental Research: Metal Structures in Four Dimensions, Materials Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 52 Issue 15, p4461; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: COPPER; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite-element modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.05.051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhao, Y.H.
AU  - Liao, X.Z.
AU  - Jin, Z.
AU  - Valiev, R.Z.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
T1  - Microstructures and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained 7075 Al alloy processed by ECAP and their evolutions during annealing
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 52
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4589
EP  - 4599
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Microstructures and mechanical properties of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) processed and naturally aged ultrafine grained (UFG) and coarse grained (CG) 7075 Al alloys as well as their evolutions during annealing were investigated. After the same natural aging, the tensile yield strength, ultimate strength, and microhardness of the UFG samples were 103%, 35%, and 48% higher, respectively, than those of the CG samples, because of higher densities of Guinier–Preston (G–P) zones and dislocations in the UFG sample. Upon annealing, the microhardness of the UFG sample decreased gradually, while a hardening peak appeared for the CG sample. The peak was caused by the precipitation hardening of the metastable <f>η′</f> phase. For the UFG sample, the precipitation hardening was overcompensated by the significant decrease of microstrain (dislocation density) upon annealing, resulting in a lack of precipitation hardening peak. Differential scanning calorimetry indicates that the ECAP process only accelerated the phase precipitations, but did not change the sequence of phase precipitation. This study shows that severe plastic deformation has the potential to significantly improve the mechanical properties of age-hardening Al alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - METALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - Aging hardening
KW  - Aluminum alloy
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Microstructures
KW  - Severe plastic deformation
N1  - Accession Number: 14101726; Zhao, Y.H. 1; Email Address: zhao@lanl.gov Liao, X.Z. 1 Jin, Z. 2 Valiev, R.Z. 3 Zhu, Y.T. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS G755, MST-STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Alcoa Technical Center, Alcoa Center, PA 15069, USA  3: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 K. Marx Street, 450000 Ufa, Russian Federation; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 52 Issue 15, p4589; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: METALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Severe plastic deformation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.06.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Oliver A.
AU  - Curat, Stephen
AU  - Gerbi, Jennifer E.
AU  - Gruen, Dieter M.
AU  - Jackman, Richard B.
T1  - n-type conductivity in ultrananocrystalline diamond films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1680
EP  - 1682
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Hall effect measurements have been carried out to determine the carrier density and mobilities in ultrananocrystalline diamond films grown with added nitrogen. The results show clear n-type conductivity with very low thermal activation energy. Mobility values of 1.5 cm2 V-1 s-1 are found for a sheet carrier concentration of 2×1017 cm-2. These measurements indicate that ultrananocrystalline films grown with high nitrogen levels in the growth gas mixture can have bulk carrier concentrations of up to 1021, which is very high for diamond films. The n-type nature of this material was also confirmed by Seebeck effect measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HALL effect
KW  - GALVANOMAGNETIC effects
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - THERMOMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 14399969; Williams, Oliver A. 1; Email Address: o.williams@anl.gov Curat, Stephen 2 Gerbi, Jennifer E. 3 Gruen, Dieter M. 3 Jackman, Richard B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: University College London, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom.  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 9/6/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1680; Subject Term: HALL effect; Subject Term: GALVANOMAGNETIC effects; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: THERMOMAGNETISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785288
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitlin, D.
AU  - Misra, A.
AU  - Mitchell, T. E.
AU  - Hoagland, R. G.
AU  - Hirth, J. P.
T1  - Influence of overlayer thickness on the density of Lomer dislocations in nanoscale Ni–Cu bilayer thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1686
EP  - 1688
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report on the evolution of the spacing and the character of misfit dislocations with increasing Ni overlayer thickness at an (001) Ni–Cu interface. At low Ni overlayer thicknesses (3 and 5 nm), most of the interface dislocations are 60° 1/2<110> glide dislocations, while Lomer edge dislocations constitute only about 5% of the total interface dislocation content. At a 13 nm Ni overlayer thickness, the fraction of Lomer dislocations increases to approximately 40% of the total content. This dramatic increase in the fraction of Lomer dislocations is likely related to a “rebound mechanism” which initiates at some critical thickness between 5 and 13 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 14399967; Mitlin, D. 1; Email Address: dmitlin@valberta.ca Misra, A. 2 Mitchell, T. E. 2 Hoagland, R. G. 2 Hirth, J. P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G6, Canada.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 9/6/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1686; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779343
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R. K.
AU  - Metzger, W.
AU  - Friedman, D. F.
T1  - Transport properties of ordered-GalnP/GaAs heterostructures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1733
EP  - 1735
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have studied the transport and recombination properties of Ga0.52In0.48P/GaAs heterostructures by two transient techniques; Time-resolved photoluminescence and resonant coupled photoconductive decay. When the Ga0.52In0.48P is ordered, the two techniques produce radically different excess-carrier decay characteristics. These data can be explained by invoking a charge-separation mechanism at a type-II heterointerface. At higher excess-carrier injection levels, the charge-separation mechanism vanishes, and the type-I interface properties develop. These data are compatible with the polarization field model of ordered Ga0.52In0.48P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - SOLIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14399951; Ahrenkiel, R. K. 1; Email Address: richard_ahrenkiel@nrel.gov Metzger, W. 1 Friedman, D. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 9/6/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1733; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784876
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Waters, J. F.
AU  - Riester, L.
AU  - Jouzi, M.
AU  - Guduru, P. R.
AU  - Xu, J. M.
T1  - Buckling instabilities in multiwalled carbon nanotubes under uniaxial compression.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1787
EP  - 1789
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report experimental observations of shell buckling instabilities in freestanding, vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes subjected to uniaxial compression. Highly ordered and uniform arrays of carbon nanotubes embedded in an alumina matrix were fabricated and subjected to uniaxial compression using a nanoindenter. The buckling load was found to be on the order of 2 μN for nanotubes with 25 nm outer radius, 13 nm inner radius, and heights of 50 and 100 nm. Good agreement was found between the experimental observations and the predictions of linear elastic shell buckling theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Compression testing
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - BUCKLING (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRUCTURAL failures
N1  - Accession Number: 14399933; Waters, J. F. 1 Riester, L. 2 Jouzi, M. 1 Guduru, P. R. 1; Email Address: pradeepIguduru@brown.edu Xu, J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9104.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6069; Source Info: 9/6/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1787; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Compression testing; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: BUCKLING (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRUCTURAL failures; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790602
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klem, Michael T.
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of the Nonclassical Zintl Phase K5As3Pb3.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 43
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5501
EP  - 5504
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The title phase was synthesized by direct fusion of a stoichiometric amount of the elements followed by annealing at 650°C for 3 weeks. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (No. 62), Z = 4, with a = 19.451(6) Å, b = 12.164(3) Å, c = 6.581(1) A. The compound is made up of As3Pb35- crown clusters that can be likened geometrically and electronically to 6-atom hypho-clusters derived from a tricapped trigonal prismatic closo parent. These crowns are interconnected via intercluster Pb-Pb bonds to form infinite chains along the b axis, which means the compound contains an extra two cations and two electrons per formula unit. Extended Hückel calculations indicate that the two additional electrons per cluster are accommodated in π∗ states on the cluster and predict that the phase should be semiconducting. The latter is confirmed by microwave resistivity measurements, ρ298 = 1.0 × 102 μΩ·cm; (δρ/δT)/ρ=-0.14(3) K-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HUCKEL molecular orbitals
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SPACE groups
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ZINTL compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14518167; Klem, Michael T. 1 Corbett, John D. 1; Email Address: jcorbett@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory—DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 9/6/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 18, p5501; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HUCKEL molecular orbitals; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SPACE groups; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ZINTL compounds; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krzystek, J.
AU  - Fiedler, Adam T.
AU  - Sokol, Jennifer J.
AU  - Ozarowski, Andrew
AU  - Zvyagin, S. A.
AU  - Brunold, Thomas C.
AU  - Long, Jeffrey R.
AU  - Brunel, Louis-Claude
AU  - Telser, Joshua
T1  - Pseudooctahedral Complexes of Vanadium(III): Electronic Structure Investigation by Magnetic and Electronic Spectroscopy.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 43
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5645
EP  - 5658
SN  - 00201669
AB  - A variety of physical methods has been used to probe the non-Kramers, S = 1, V(III) ion in two types of pseudooctahedral complexes: V(acac)3, where acac = anion of 2,4-pentanedione, and VX3(thf)3, where thf = tetrahydrofuran and X = Cl and Br. These methods include tunable frequency and high-field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) spectroscopy (using frequencies of ∼95–700 GHz and fields up to 25 T) in conjunction with electronic absorption, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), and variable-temperature variable-field MCD (VTVH- MCD) spectroscopies. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility and field-dependent magnetization measurements were also performed. All measurements were conducted on complexes in the solid state (powder or mull samples). The field versus sub-THz wave quantum energy dependence of observed HFEPR resonances yielded the following spin Hamiltonian parameters for V(acac)3: D = +7.470(1) cm-1; E = +1.916(1) cm-1; gx = 1.833(4); gy = 1.72(2); gz = 2.03(2). For VCl3(thf)3, HFEPR detected a single zero-field transition at 15.8 cm-1 (474 GHz), which was insufficient to determine the complete set of spin Hamiltonian parameters. For VBr3(thf)3, however, a particularly rich data set was obtained using tunable-frequency HFEPR, and analysis of this data set gave the folowing: D = -16.162(6) cm-1; E = -3.694(4) cm-1; gx = 1.86(1); gy = 1.90(1); gz = 1.710(4). Analysis of the VTVH-MCD data gave spin Hamiltonian parameters in good agreement with those determined by HFEPR for both V(acac)3 and VBr3(thf)3 and in rough agreement with the estimate for VCl3(thf)3 (D ≈ 10 cm-1, ¦E/D¦ ≈ 0.18), together with the finding that the value of D is negative for both thf complexes. The electronic structures of these V(III) complexes are discussed in terms of their molecular structures and the electronic transitions observed by electronic absorption and MCD spectroscopies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - TETRAHYDROFURAN
N1  - Accession Number: 14518183; Krzystek, J. 1 Fiedler, Adam T. 2 Sokol, Jennifer J. 3 Ozarowski, Andrew 1 Zvyagin, S. A. 1 Brunold, Thomas C. 2 Long, Jeffrey R. 3 Brunel, Louis-Claude 1 Telser, Joshua 4; Email Address: jtelser@roosevelt.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  4: Chemistry Program, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605; Source Info: 9/6/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 18, p5645; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: TETRAHYDROFURAN; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Madland, D.G.
AU  - Bürvenich, T.J.
AU  - Maruhn, J.A.
AU  - Reinhard, P.-G.
T1  - On the isovector channels in relativistic point coupling models within the Hartree and Hartree–Fock approximations
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 741
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 52
EP  - 59
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We investigate the consequences of Fierz transformations acting upon the contact interactions for nucleon fields occurring in relativistic point coupling models in Hartree approximation, which yield the same models but in Hartree–Fock approximation instead. Identical nuclear ground state observables are calculated in the two approximations, but the magnitudes of the coupling constants are different. We find for model studies of four-fermion interactions occurring in two existing relativistic point coupling phenomenologies that whereas in Hartree the isovector–scalar strength <f>αTS</f>, corresponding to <f>δ</f>-meson exchange, is unnaturally small, indicating a possible new symmetry, in Hartree–Fock it is instead comparable to the isovector–vector strength <f>αTV</f> corresponding to <f>ρ</f>-meson exchange, but the sum of the two isovector coupling constants appears to be preserved in both approaches. Furthermore, in Hartree–Fock approximation, both QCD-scaled isovector coupling constants are natural (dimensionless and of order 1) whereas in Hartree approximation only that of the isovector–vector channel is natural. This indicates that it is not necessary to search for a new symmetry and, moreover, that the role of the <f>δ</f>-meson should be reexamined. This work presents the first comparisons of naturalized coupling constants coming from relativistic Hartree and relativistic Hartree–Fock solutions to the same Lagrangian. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HARTREE-Fock approximation
KW  - COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SYMMETRY
KW  - Fierz transformation
KW  - Hartree
KW  - Hartree–Fock
KW  - Relativistic mean-field model
N1  - Accession Number: 14110225; Madland, D.G. 1; Email Address: dgm@lanl.gov Bürvenich, T.J. 1 Maruhn, J.A. 2 Reinhard, P.-G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Frankfurt, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany  3: Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 741 Issue 1-4, p52; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HARTREE-Fock approximation; Subject Term: COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fierz transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hartree; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hartree–Fock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic mean-field model; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.06.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boyanovsky, D.
AU  - de Vega, H.J.
AU  - Wang, S.-Y.
T1  - Nonequilibrium pion dynamics near the critical point in a constituent quark model
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 741
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 357
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We study static and dynamical critical phenomena of chiral symmetry breaking in a two-flavor Nambu–Jona-Lasinio constituent quark model. We obtain the low-energy effective action for scalar and pseudoscalar degrees of freedom to lowest order in quark loops and to quadratic order in the meson fluctuations around the mean field. The static limit of critical phenomena is shown to be described by a Ginzburg–Landau effective action including spatial gradients. Hence static critical phenomena is described by the universality class of the O(4) Heisenberg ferromagnet. Dynamical critical phenomena is studied by obtaining the equations of motion for pion fluctuations. We find that for <f>T<Tc</f> the are stable long-wavelength pion excitations with dispersion relation <f>ωπ(k)=k</f> described by isolated pion poles. The residue of the pion pole vanishes near <f>Tc</f> as <f>Z∝1/&z.sfnc;ln(1-T/Tc)&z.sfnc;</f> and long-wavelength fluctuations are damped out by Landau damping on a time scale <f>trel(k)∝1/k</f>, reflecting critical slowing down of pion fluctuations near the critical point. At the critical point, the pion propagator features mass shell logarithmic divergences which we conjecture to be the harbinger of a (large) dynamical anomalous dimension. We find that while the classical spinodal line coincides with that of the Ginzburg–Landau theory, the growth rate of long-wavelength spinodal fluctuations has a richer wavelength dependence as a consequence of Landau damping. We argue that Landau damping prevents a local low-energy effective action in terms of a derivative expansion in real time at least at the order studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRITICAL phenomena (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - QUARK models
KW  - PLASMA waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14110239; Boyanovsky, D. 1,2; Email Address: boyan@pitt.edu de Vega, H.J. 1,2; Email Address: devega@lpthe.jussieu.fr Wang, S.-Y. 3; Email Address: swang@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA  2: LPTHE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI) et Denis Diderot (Paris VII), Tour 16, 1er. étage, 4, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France  3: Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 741 Issue 1-4, p323; Subject Term: CRITICAL phenomena (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: QUARK models; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.06.007
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chekanov, S.
AU  - Derrick, M.
AU  - Loizides, J.H.
AU  - Magill, S.
AU  - Miglioranzi, S.
AU  - Musgrave, B.
AU  - Repond, J.
AU  - Yoshida, R.
AU  - Mattingly, M.C.K.
AU  - Pavel, N.
AU  - Antonioli, P.
AU  - Bari, G.
AU  - Basile, M.
AU  - Bellagamba, L.
AU  - Boscherini, D.
AU  - Bruni, A.
AU  - Bruni, G.
AU  - Cara Romeo, G.
AU  - Cifarelli, L.
AU  - Cindolo, F.
T1  - Exclusive electroproduction of <f>J/ψ</f> mesons at HERA
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/09/06/
VL  - 695
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 37
SN  - 05503213
AB  - The exclusive electroproduction of <f>J/ψ</f> mesons, <f>ep→epJ/ψ</f>, has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA for virtualities of the exchanged photon in the ranges <f>0.15<Q2<0.8 GeV2</f> and <f>2<Q2<100 GeV2</f> using integrated luminosities of 69 and <f>83 pb-1</f>, respectively. The photon–proton centre-of-mass energy was in the range <f>30<W<220 GeV</f> and the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex <f>&z.sfnc;t&z.sfnc;<1 GeV2</f>. The cross sections and decay angular distributions are presented as functions of <f>Q2</f>, <f>W</f> and <f>t</f>. The effective parameters of the pomeron trajectory are in agreement with those found in <f>J/ψ</f> photoproduction. The spin-density matrix elements, calculated from the decay angular distributions, are consistent with the hypothesis of <f>s</f>-channel helicity conservation. The ratio of the longitudinal to transverse cross sections, <f>σL/σT</f>, grows with <f>Q2</f>, whilst no dependence on <f>W</f> or <f>t</f> is observed. The results are in agreement with perturbative QCD calculations and exhibit a strong sensitivity to the gluon distribution in the proton. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MESONS
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - SPECIAL relativity (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14035816; Chekanov, S. 1 Derrick, M. 1 Loizides, J.H. Magill, S. 1 Miglioranzi, S. Musgrave, B. 1 Repond, J. 1 Yoshida, R.; Email Address: yoshida@mail.desy.de Mattingly, M.C.K. 2 Pavel, N. 3 Antonioli, P. 4 Bari, G. 4 Basile, M. 4 Bellagamba, L. 4 Boscherini, D. 4 Bruni, A. 4 Bruni, G. 4 Cara Romeo, G. 4 Cifarelli, L. 4 Cindolo, F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, <cty>Argonne, IL</cty> 60439-4815, <cny cny-code="us">USA</cny><fn id="fn040">Supported by the US Department of Energy.</fn>  2: Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104-0380, USA  3: Institut für Physik der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany  4: University and INFN Bologna, <cty>Bologna</cty>, <cny cny-code="it">Italy</cny><fn id="fn031">Supported by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).</fn>; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 695 Issue 1/2, p3; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: SPECIAL relativity (Physics); Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.06.034
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Posner, Richard G.
AU  - Paar, Jodi M.
AU  - Licht, Arieh
AU  - Pecht, Israel
AU  - Conrad, Daniel H.
AU  - Hlavacek, William S.
T1  - Interaction of a Monoclonal IgE-Specific Antibody with Cell-Surface IgE -- Fc&epsiv;RI: Characterization of Equilibrium Binding and Secretory Response.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/07/
VL  - 43
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 11352
EP  - 11360
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Aggregation of Fc∊RI, the high-affinity cell-surface receptor for IgE antibody, is required for degranulation of basophils and mast cells, but not all receptor aggregates elicit this cellular response. The stereochemical constraints on clusters of Fc∊RI that are able to signal cellular responses, such as degranulation, have yet to be fully defined. To improve our understanding of the properties of Fc∊RI aggregates that influence receptor signaling, we have studied the interaction of 2303, a rat IgG1K IgE- specific monoclonal antibody, with IgE-Fc∊RI complexes on rat mucosal-type mast cells (RBL-2H3 line). We find that 2303 is a potent secretagogue. This property and the structural features of 2303 (two symmetrically arrayed IgE-specific binding sites) make 2303 a potentially valuable reagent for investigating the relationship between Fc∊RI clustering and Fc∊RI-mediated signaling events. To develop a mathematical model of 23G3-induced aggregation of Fc∊RI, we used fluorimetry and flow cytometry to quantitatively monitor equilibrium binding of FITC-labeled 2303 intact Ab and its Fab' fragment to cell-surface IgE. The results indicate that IgE bound to Fc∊RI expresses two epitopes for 2303 binding; that 2303 binds IgE resident on the cell surface with negative cooperativity; and that 2303 appears to induce mostly but not exclusively noncyclic dimeric aggregates of Fc∊RI. There is no simple relationship between receptor aggregation at equilibrium and the degranulation response. Further studies are needed to establish how 2303-induced aggregation of IgE-Fc∊RI correlates with cellular responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULIN E
KW  - BASOPHILS
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - GRANULOCYTES
KW  - GLOBULINS
KW  - MAST Cell, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14434924; Posner, Richard G. 1; Email Address: richard.posner@nau.edu Paar, Jodi M. 2 Licht, Arieh 3 Pecht, Israel 3 Conrad, Daniel H. 4 Hlavacek, William S. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff Arizona 86011.  2: Department of Chemistry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon 97116.  3: Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.  4: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298.  5: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 9/7/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 35, p11352; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; Subject Term: BASOPHILS; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Subject Term: GRANULOCYTES; Subject Term: GLOBULINS; Reviews & Products: MAST Cell, The (Book); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huynh, My Hang V.
AU  - Meyer, Thomas J.
T1  - Colossal Kinetic isotope effects in proton-coupled electron transfer.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/09/07/
VL  - 101
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 13138
EP  - 13141
SN  - 00278424
AB  - The kinetics of reduction of benzoquinone (Q) to hydroquinone (H2Q) by the Os(IV) hydrazido (trans-[OsIV(tpy)(Cl)2(N(H)N(CH2)4O)]-PF6 = [1]PF6, tpy = 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine), sulfilimido (trans-[OsIV-(tpy)(Cl)2(NS(H)-4-C6H4Me)]PF6 = [2]PF6), and phosphoraniminato (trans-[Os(IV)(Tp)(Cl)2(NP(H)(Et)2)] = [3], Tp- = tris(pyrazolyl)-borate) complexes have been studied in 1:1 (vol/vol) CH3CN/H2O and CH3CN/D2O (1.0 M in NH4PF6/KNO3 at 25.0 ± 0.1 °s C). The reactions are first order in both [Q] and Os(IV) complex and occur by parallel pH-independent (k1) and pH-dependent (k2) pathways that can be separated by pH-dependent measurements. Saturation kinetics are observed for the acid-independent pathway, consistent with formation of a H-bonded intermediate (KA) followed by a redox step (kred). For the pH-independent pathway, k1(H2O)/k1(D2O) kinetic isotope effects are 455 ± 8 for [1+], 198 ± 6 for [2+], and 178 ± 5 for [3]. These results provide an example of colossal kinetic isotope effects for proton-coupled electron transfer reactions involving nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus as proton-donor atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - PHENOLS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14518264; Huynh, My Hang V. 1 Meyer, Thomas J. 2; Email Address: tjmeyer@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Dynamic Experimentation Division, DX-2, Materials Dynamics Group, MS C920.  2: Strategic Research, MS A 127, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 9/7/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 36, p13138; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: PHENOLS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0405086101
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dong Hae Shin
AU  - Yun Lou
AU  - Jaru Jancarik
AU  - Hisao Yokota
AU  - Rosalind Kim
AU  - Sung-Hou Kim
T1  - Crystal structure of YjeQ from Thermotoga maritima contains a circularly permuted GTPase domain.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/09/07/
VL  - 101
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 13198
EP  - 13203
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We have determined the crystal structure of the GDP complex of the YjeQ protein from Thermotoga maritima (TmYjeQ), a member of the YjeQ GTPase subfamaily. TmYjeQ, a homologue of Escherichia coli YjeQ, which is known to bind to the ribosome, is composed of three domains: an N-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding fold domain, a central GTPase domain, and a C-terminal zinc-finger domain. The crystal structure of TmYjeQ reveals two interesting domains: a circularly permutated GTPase domain and an unusual zinc-finger domain. The binding mode of GDP in the GTPase domain of TmYjeQ is similar to those of GDP or GTP analogs in ras proteins, a prototype GTPase. The N-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding fold domain, together with the GTPase domain, forms the extended RNA-binding site. The C-terminal domain has an unusual zinc-finger motif composed of Cys-250, Cys-255, Cys-263, and His-257, with a remote structural similarity to a portion of a DNA-repair protein, rad51 fragment. The overall structural features of TmYjeQ make it a good candidate for an RNA-binding protein, which is consistent with the biochemical data of the YjeQ subfamily in binding to the ribosome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GUANOSINE triphosphatase
KW  - RAS proteins
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 14518275; Dong Hae Shin 1 Yun Lou 1 Jaru Jancarik 1 Hisao Yokota 1 Rosalind Kim 1 Sung-Hou Kim 1,2; Email Address: shkim@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-5230.; Source Info: 9/7/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 36, p13198; Subject Term: GUANOSINE triphosphatase; Subject Term: RAS proteins; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0405202101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, D.D.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
T1  - Anisotropy in magnetic and transport properties of GdCrSb<F>3</F>
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/09/08/
VL  - 377
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 243
EP  - 247
SN  - 09258388
AB  - We report the first measurements of anisotropy in magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, and electrical resistivity using single crystals of GdTSb<F>3</F>  (T = Cr, V). GdTSb<F>3</F> is a quasi-two dimensional system with orthorhombic crystal structure (space group: Pbcm). Unlike the other light rare earth chromium antimonides (R = Ce–Nd, Sm), in which two magnetic transitions are observed, GdCrSb<F>3</F> undergoes a single ferrimagnetic transition at <F>TC=86</F> K, which is evident in both the magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity. Within the b–c plane, GdCrSb<F>3</F> is found to have metallic behavior from 5 to 300 K, but it is found to have insulating behavior (<F>dρa/dT<0</F>) along the stacking axis. GdVSb<F>3</F> is found to have a Néel transition at 5 K due to the localized Gd ions, but no ferromagnetic transition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC susceptibility
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - Antimonides
KW  - Magnetism
KW  - RCrSb<F>3</F>
KW  - Resistivity
N1  - Accession Number: 14188720; Jackson, D.D. 1; Email Address: djackson@mailaps.org Fisk, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 377 Issue 1/2, p243; Subject Term: MAGNETIC susceptibility; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antimonides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: RCrSb<F>3</F>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resistivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.01.062
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peters, Baron
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup
T1  - Rate constants from the reaction path Hamiltonian. I. Reactive flux simulations for dynamically correct rates.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4453
EP  - 4460
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - As ab initio electronic structure calculations become more accurate, inherent sources of error in classical transition state theory such as barrier recrossing and tunneling may become major sources of error in calculating rate constants. This paper introduces a general method for diabatically constructing the transverse eigensystem of a reaction path Hamiltonian in systems with many degenerate transverse frequencies. The diabatically constructed reaction path Hamiltonian yields smoothly varying coupling constants that, in turn, facilitate reactive flux calculations. As an example we compute the dynamically corrected rate constant for the chair to boat interconversion of cyclohexane, a system with 48 degrees of freedom and a number of degenerate frequencies. The transmission coefficients obtained from the reactive flux simulations agree with previous results that have been calculated using an empirical potential. Furthermore, the calculated rate constants agree with experimental values. Comparison to variational transition state theory shows that, despite finding the true bottleneck along the reaction pathway, variational transition state theory only accounts for half of the rate constant reduction due to recrossing trajectories. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - THEORY
KW  - ATOMIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 14220546; Peters, Baron 1 Bell, Alexis T. 1 Chakraborty, Arup 1,2,3,4; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 9/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 10, p4453; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1778161
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peters, Baron
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
AU  - Chakraborty, Arup
T1  - Rate constants from the reaction path Hamiltonian. II. Nonseparable semiclassical transition state theory.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4461
EP  - 4466
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - For proton transfer reactions, the tunneling contributions to the rates are often much larger than thermally activated rates at temperatures of interest. A number of separable tunneling corrections have been proposed that capture the dependence of tunneling rates on barrier height and imaginary frequency size. However, the effects of reaction pathway curvature and barrier anharmonicity are more difficult to quantify. The nonseparable semiclassical transition state theory (TST) of Hernandez and Miller [Chem. Phys. Lett. 214, 129 (1993)] accounts for curvature and barrier anharmonicity, but it requires prohibitively expensive cubic and quartic derivatives of the potential energy surface at the transition state. This paper shows how the reaction path Hamiltonian can be used to approximate the cubic and quartic derivatives used in nonseparable semiclassical transition state theory. This enables tunneling corrections that include curvature and barrier anharmonicity effects with just three frequency calculations as required by a conventional harmonic transition state theory calculation. The tunneling correction developed here is nonseparable, but can be expressed as a thermal average to enable efficient Monte Carlo calculations. For the proton exchange reaction NH2+CH4⇔NH3+CH3, the nonseparable rates are very accurate at temperatures from 300 K up to about 1000 K where the TST rate itself begins to diverge from the experimental results. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - THEORY
N1  - Accession Number: 14220545; Peters, Baron 1 Bell, Alexis T. 1 Chakraborty, Arup 1,2,3,4; Email Address: arup@uclink.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 9/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 10, p4461; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: THEORY; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1778162
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fu, Aihua
AU  - Micheel, Christine M.
AU  - Cha, Jennifer
AU  - Chang, Hauyee
AU  - Yang, Haw
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
T1  - Discrete Nanostructures of Quantum Dots/Au with DNA.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/08/
VL  - 126
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 10832
EP  - 10833
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Assemblies of colloidal nanocrystals have received considerable attention in recent years due to their potential for producing functional materials with novel electronic, magnetic, and optical properties, which are desirable for applications in biological imaging and detection. The use of Au nanoparticles containing only one DNA excludes cross-linking among particles in subsequent synthesis steps even in very concentrated solutions, thus ensuring high yields for the designed structures. Spectroscopic measurements on both ensemble and single-molecule scales are currently underway to investigate their optical properties.
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14434849; Fu, Aihua 1 Micheel, Christine M. 1,2 Cha, Jennifer 1 Chang, Hauyee 1 Yang, Haw 1,3 Alivisatos, A. Paul 1,2; Email Address: alivis@uclink4.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley.  2: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 9472.0.; Source Info: 9/8/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 35, p10832; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuidala, Kyle L.
AU  - Drake, Ian J.
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
AU  - Tiiley, T. Don
T1  - Atomic Level Control over Surface Species via a Molecular Precursor Approach: Isolated Cu(l) Sites and Cu Nanoparticles Supported on Mesoporous Silica.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/08/
VL  - 126
IS  - 35
M3  - Article
SP  - 10864
EP  - 10866
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents a study providing direct evidence for atomic-level control over the nature of sites that result from grafting Cu-containing molecular precursors onto the mesoporous silica SBA-15. Supported Cu-containing catalysts have been studied for a number of industrially relevant reactions, but little effort has been devoted to the generation of tailored sites. Reaction of the molecular precursors, as solutions in C6H6, with the surface hydroxyl groups of SBA-15 under inert conditions provided grafted materials, isolated as light yellow powders after extensive washing with C6H6 and drying in vacuo at 323 K. The molecular precursors are presumably well-separated on the surface, as the "OH" site-to-precursor ratios are 12:1 and 8:1 for the 3.5 and 5.0 wt % materials, respectively. The infra-red spectra of Cu-containing molecular precursors with SBA-15 have been represented by a diagram.
KW  - GRAFT copolymers
KW  - COPPER silicates
KW  - COPPER alloys
KW  - SILICA
KW  - HYDROXYL group
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14434864; Fuidala, Kyle L. 1,2 Drake, Ian J. 3 Bell, Alexis T. 2,3 Tiiley, T. Don 1,2; Email Address: tdtilley@socrates.berketey.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, I Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 9/8/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 35, p10864; Subject Term: GRAFT copolymers; Subject Term: COPPER silicates; Subject Term: COPPER alloys; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: HYDROXYL group; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - X.
AU  - Hanson
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Frenkel
AU  - A. I.
AU  - Kim
AU  - J.-Y.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
T1  - Time-resolved Studies for the Mechanism of Reduction of Copper Oxides with Carbon Monoxide:  Complex Behavior of Lattice Oxygen and the Formation of Suboxides.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/09/09/
VL  - 108
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 13667
EP  - 13673
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), synchrotron-based time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TR-XRD), extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS), and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) were employed in this work to systematically study the reaction of CuO and Cu2O with CO gas molecules. Both TPR and isothermal reduction results showed that CuO was easier to reduce than Cu2O under the same reaction conditions. In situ measurements of XRD and XANES showed a direct transformation pathway for CuO reduction (CuO → Cu) when there was a large supply of CO, while they showed a sequential step pathway involving one intermediate (CuO → Cu2O → Cu) with a limited supply of CO. An induction period for CuO reduction was seen and increased with decreasing temperature. O vacancies in CuO were observed during the induction period that could foster formation of a nonstoichiometric metastable copper-oxide species. The metastable species can either react rapidly with CO to form metallic copper during high CO flow rates or can relax into a Cu2O lattice when the supply of CO is limited. The Cu2O-like intermediate showed extra disordered oxygen in the empty tetrahedral sites of Cu2O. Based on these observations, a possible mechanism for CuO reduction is proposed. This study demonstrates that the mechanism for the reduction of an oxide by CO can vary considerably with the experimental conditions (gas flow rate, temperature, sample size, etc.), and its complex kinetics cannot be described by a single nth-order expression over the entire range of reaction. The behavior of CuO-based catalysts is discussed in the light of these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - AIR flow
N1  - Accession Number: 15222525; Wang X. 1 Hanson J. C. 1 Frenkel A. I. 1 Kim J.-Y. 1 Rodriguez J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, Physics Department, Yeshiva University, New York, New York 10016, and Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 108 Issue 36, p13667; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: AIR flow; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Uetsuka
AU  - H.
AU  - Henderson
AU  - M. A.
AU  - Sasahara
AU  - A.
AU  - Onishi
T1  - Formate Adsorption on the (111) Surface of Rutile TiO2.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/09/09/
VL  - 108
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 13706
EP  - 13710
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The (111) surface of rutile TiO2 was prepared with argon ion sputtering and vacuum annealing at 970 K. Scanning tunneling microscope observation revealed nanometer-scale domains of (1 × 1) and (1 × 2) phases on the surface. Formic acid was dissociatively adsorbed on the surface at room temperature. The recombination and decomposition temperatures of the adsorbed formate were similar to those reported on the (110) surface. The CH-related and COO-related stretching modes probed by high-resolution electron energy loss showed two or more types of formate. The wavenumber of the vibrational modes can be interpreted with a mixture of monodentate, bidentate, and bridge form of adsorption. The number density of the formates counted in microscope images supported monodentate and bidentate forms. Sequential imaging revealed limited mobility of the formates, reflecting the wide separation of surface Ti atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - ARGON
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15222531; Uetsuka H. 1 Henderson M. A. 1 Sasahara A. 1 Onishi; Affiliation:  1: Surface Chemistry Laboratory, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, KSP, Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki, 213-0012 Japan, and Interfacial Chemistry and Engineering Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 108 Issue 36, p13706; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chun, Helen H.
AU  - Cary, Robert B.
AU  - Lansigan, Fredrick
AU  - Whitelegge, Julian
AU  - Rawlings, David J.
AU  - Gatti, Richard A.
T1  - ATM protein purified from vaccinia virus expression system: DNA binding requirements for kinase activation
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004/09/10/
VL  - 322
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 81
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene product plays a role in responding to double stand DNA breaks. Some biochemical studies of ATM function have been hampered by lack of an efficient expression system and abundant purified ATM protein. We report the construction of a vaccinia virus expressing ATM, vWR-ATM, which was used to produce large amounts of functional FLAG-tagged ATM protein (FLAG-ATM) in HeLa cells. Kinase activity of the purified FLAG-ATM was dependent on manganese and inhibited with wortmannin. Using the FLAG-ATM recombinant protein, GST-p53 serine 15 phosphorylation increased in the presence of damaged DNA. PHAS-1 phosphorylation was found to be DNA independent. Purified FLAG-ATM was recovered in the autophosphorylated form, as demonstrated by phosphorylation of ATM serine 1981. As shown by atomic force microscopy, FLAG-ATM bound to linear DNA both at broken ends and in mid-strands. Vaccinia virus is the most efficient ATM expression system described to date. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PHOSPHORYLATION
KW  - Ataxia-telangiectasia
KW  - ATM
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - DNA
KW  - Expression
KW  - Protein kinase
KW  - Purification
KW  - Recombinant protein
KW  - Vaccinia virus
N1  - Accession Number: 14101019; Chun, Helen H. 1 Cary, Robert B. 2 Lansigan, Fredrick 3 Whitelegge, Julian 4 Rawlings, David J. 5 Gatti, Richard A.; Email Address: rgatti@mednet.ucla.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Pathology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  2: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Pediatrics, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  4: The Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry and The Neuropsychiatric Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  5: Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 322 Issue 1, p74; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PHOSPHORYLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ataxia-telangiectasia; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Purification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombinant protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vaccinia virus; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.085
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Chao
AU  - Borja, Ronaldo I.
AU  - Regueiro, Richard A.
T1  - Dynamics of porous media at finite strain
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/09/10/
VL  - 193
IS  - 36-38
M3  - Article
SP  - 3837
EP  - 3870
SN  - 00457825
AB  - We present a finite element model for the analysis of a mechanical phenomenon involving dynamic expulsion of fluids from a fully saturated porous solid matrix in the regime of large deformation. Momentum and mass conservation laws are written in Lagrangian form by a pull-back from the current configuration to the reference configuration following the solid matrix motion. A complete formulation based on the motion of the solid and fluid phases is first presented; then approximations are made with respect to the material time derivative of the relative flow velocity vector to arrive at a so-called (<f>v,p</f>)-formulation, which is subsequently implemented in a finite element model. We show how the resulting finite element matrix equations can be consistently linearized, using a compressible neo-Hookean hyperelastic material with a Kelvin solid viscous enhancement for the solid matrix as a test function for the nonlinear constitutive model. Numerical examples are presented demonstrating the significance of large deformation effects on the transient dynamic responses of porous structures, as well as the strong convergence profile exhibited by the iterative algorithm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - Dynamics
KW  - Finite strain
KW  - Porous media
N1  - Accession Number: 14249277; Li, Chao 1 Borja, Ronaldo I. 1; Email Address: borja@stanford.edu Regueiro, Richard A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, USA  2: Department of Science-Based Materials Modeling, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 193 Issue 36-38, p3837; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porous media; Number of Pages: 34p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2004.02.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14249277&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillips, John D.
AU  - Whitby, Frank G.
AU  - Warby, Christy A.
AU  - Labbe, Pierre
AU  - Cheng Yang
AU  - Pflugrath, James W.
AU  - Ferrara, Joseph D.
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Kushner, James P.
AU  - Hill, Christopher P.
T1  - Crystal Structure of the Oxygen-dependant Coproporphyrinogen Oxidase (Hem13p) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/10/
VL  - 279
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 38960
EP  - 38968
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Coproporphyrinogen oxidase (CPO) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the sixth step of the heine biosynthetic pathway. Unusually for heme biosynthetic enzymes, CPO exists in two evolutionarily and mechanistically distinct families, with eukaryotes and some prokaryotes employing members of the highly conserved oxygen-dependent CPO family. Here, we report the crystal structure of the oxygen-dependent CPO from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hem13p), which was determined by optimized sulfur anomalous scattering and refined to a resolution of 2.0 Å, The protein adopts a novel structure that is quite different from predicted models and features a central flat seven-stranded antiparallel sheet that is flanked by helices. The dimeric assembly, which is seen in different crystal forms, is formed by packing of helices and a short isolated strand that forms a β-ladder with its counterpart in the partner subunit. The deep active-site cleft is lined by conserved residues and has been captured in open and closed conformations in two different crystal forms. A substratesized cavity is completely buried in the closed conformation by the ∼8-Å movement of a helix that forms a lid over the active site. The structure therefore suggests residues that likely play critical roles in catalysis and explains the deleterious effect of many of the mutations associated with the disease hereditary coproporphyria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - HEMOGLOBIN
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PROKARYOTES
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14601960; Phillips, John D. 1 Whitby, Frank G. 2 Warby, Christy A. 1 Labbe, Pierre 3 Cheng Yang 4 Pflugrath, James W. 4 Ferrara, Joseph D. 4 Robinson, Howard 5 Kushner, James P. 1 Hill, Christopher P. 2; Email Address: chris@biochem.utah.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132  2: Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132  3: Laboratoire de Biochimie des Porphyrines, Institut Jacques Monod CNRS, Université Paris 7, 2 place Jussieu, 75251 Paris Cedex & France  4: Rigaku/Molecular Structure Corporation, The Woodlands, Texas 77381  5: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 -5000; Source Info: 9/10/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 37, p38960; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: HEMOGLOBIN; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PROKARYOTES; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M406050200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, Owen R.
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
AU  - Tilley, T. Don
T1  - Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane over vanadia-based catalysts supported on high-surface-area mesoporous MgAl2O4
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/09/10/
VL  - 226
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
EP  - 300
SN  - 00219517
AB  - The oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propene was investigated over a series of novel vanadia-based catalysts supported on high-surface-area magnesium spinel. A mesoporous MgAl2O4 support was synthesized via a low-temperature sol–gel process involving the heterobimetallic alkoxide precursor, Mg[Al(O iPr)4]2. A high-purity catalyst support was obtained after calcination at 1173 K under O2 atmosphere and active vanadia catalysts were prepared from the thermolysis of OV(O tBu)3 after grafting onto the spinel support. MgAl2O4-supported catalysts prepared in this manner have BET surface areas of 234–245 m2/g. All of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, and Raman, solid-state NMR, and diffuse-reflectance UV–vis spectroscopy. At all vanadium loadings the vanadia supported on MgAl2O4 exist as a combination of isolated monovanadate and tetrahedral polyvanadate species. As the vanadium surface density increases for these catalysts the ratio of polyvanadate species to isolated monovandate species increases. In addition, as the vanadium surface density increases for these catalysts, the initial rate of propane ODH per V atom increases and reaches a maximum value at 6 <f>VOx/</f>nm2. Increasing the vanadium surface density past this point results in a decrease in the rate of propane ODH owing to the formation of multilayer species in which subsurface vanadium atoms are essentially rendered catalytically inactive. The initial propene selectivity increases with increasing vanadium surface density and reaches a plateau of ∼95% for the V/MgAl catalysts. Rate coefficients for propane ODH (<f>k1</f>), propane combustion (<f>k2</f>), and propene combustion (<f>k3</f>) were calculated for these catalysts. The value of <f>k1</f> increases with increasing <f>VOx</f> surface density, reaching a maximum at about 5.5 <f>VOx/</f>nm2. On the other hand, the ratio (<f>k2/k1</f>) for V/MgAl decreases with increasing VO<f>x</f> surface density. The ratio (<f>k3/k1</f>) for both sets of catalysts shows no dependence on the vanadia surface density. The observed trends in <f>k1</f>, (<f>k2/k1</f>), and (<f>k3/k1</f>) are discussed in terms of the surface structure of the catalyst. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - PROPANE
KW  - DEHYDROGENATION
KW  - Oxidative dehydrogenation
KW  - Propane
KW  - Vanadia
N1  - Accession Number: 13958373; Evans, Owen R. 1 Bell, Alexis T.; Email Address: bell@cchem.berkeley.edu Tilley, T. Don 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 226 Issue 2, p292; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: PROPANE; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidative dehydrogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadia; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454312 Liquefied petroleum gas (bottled gas) dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.06.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valeev, Edward F.
T1  - Improving on the resolution of the identity in linear R12 ab initio theories
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/11/
VL  - 395
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
EP  - 195
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Here we analyze the use of the resolution of the identity (RI) in approximating many-electron matrix elements in linear R12 theories. A modified standard approximation is proposed that involves expansion in the orthogonal complement to the span of orbital basis set (OBS). The new formulation is labeled complementary auxiliary basis set (CABS) approach. CABS MP2-R12 method has a smaller RI error vis-à-vis the standard ABS approach. Both ABS and CABS approaches are most accurate if the auxiliary basis includes OBS explicitly. The CABS approach found to be more numerically robust than the ABS counterpart. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESOLUTION (Optics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - STEREOCHEMISTRY
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
N1  - Accession Number: 14249505; Valeev, Edward F. 1,2; Email Address: edward.valeev@chemistry.gatech.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 395 Issue 4-6, p190; Subject Term: RESOLUTION (Optics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: STEREOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.07.061
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shkrob, Ilya A.
T1  - Geminate recombination dynamics studied via electron reexcitation: kinetic analysis for anion CTTS photosystems
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/11/
VL  - 395
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
EP  - 268
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Recently, it became practicable to study geminate recombination dynamics of solvated electrons in polar liquids by using short-pulses of light to reexcite these electrons back into the conduction band of the liquid and observe a change in the fraction of electrons that escape geminate recombination. In this Letter, the potential of this technique to provide additional insight into the recombination dynamics of electrons generated by charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) photodetachment from monovalent anions in polar liquids is studied theoretically. The resulting expression accounts for the recent results for electron photodetachment from Na− in tetrahydrofuran. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - TETRAHYDROFURAN
N1  - Accession Number: 14249518; Shkrob, Ilya A. 1; Email Address: shkrob@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, US; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 395 Issue 4-6, p264; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: TETRAHYDROFURAN; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.07.094
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reuland, Michiel
AU  - Röttgering, Huub
AU  - van Breugel, Wil
AU  - De Breuck, Carlos
T1  - Dust and star formation in distant radio galaxies.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/11/
VL  - 353
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 390
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present the results of an observing programme with the Submillimetre Common User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) to measure the submillimetre (submm) dust continuum emission of 24 distant radio galaxies. We detected submm emission in 12 galaxies with signal-to-noise > 3, including nine detections at . When added to previous published results these data almost triple the number of radio galaxies with detected in the submm and yield a sample of 69 observed radio galaxies over the redshift range . We find that the range in rest-frame far-infrared luminosities is about a factor of 10. We have investigated the origin of this dispersion, correlating the luminosities with radio source power, size, spectral index, K-band magnitude and Lyα luminosity. No strong correlations are apparent in the combined data set. We confirm and strengthen the result from previous submm observations of radio galaxies that the detection rate is a strong function of redshift. We compare the redshift dependence of the submm properties of radio galaxies with those of quasars and find that for both classes of objects the observed submm flux density increases with redshift to , beyond which, for the galaxies, we find tentative evidence for a decline. We find evidence for an anticorrelation between submm luminosity and ultraviolet polarization fraction, for a subsample of 13 radio galaxies, indicating that starbursts are the dominant source of heating for dust in radio galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - GALAXIES -- Formation
KW  - STELLAR luminosity function
KW  - RADIO galaxies
KW  - RADIO sources (Astronomy)
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - galaxies: active
KW  - galaxies: formation
KW  - galaxies: high-redshift
KW  - radio continuum: galaxies
KW  - submillimetre
N1  - Accession Number: 14353827; Reuland, Michiel 1,2,3; Email Address: reuland@strw.leidenuniv.nl Röttgering, Huub 1 van Breugel, Wil 2 De Breuck, Carlos 4; Affiliation:  1: Leiden Observatory; PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands  2: Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, L-413 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Department of Physics, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, 98bis Boulevard Arago, F-75014 Paris, France; Source Info: 9/11/2004, Vol. 353 Issue 2, p377; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: GALAXIES -- Formation; Subject Term: STELLAR luminosity function; Subject Term: RADIO galaxies; Subject Term: RADIO sources (Astronomy); Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: active; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: high-redshift; Author-Supplied Keyword: radio continuum: galaxies; Author-Supplied Keyword: submillimetre; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08063.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14353827&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dohlus, M.
AU  - Flöttmann, K.
AU  - Kozlov, O.S.
AU  - Limberg, T.
AU  - Piot, Ph.
AU  - Saldin, E.L.
AU  - Schneidmiller, E.A.
AU  - Yurkov, M.V.
T1  - Start-to-end simulations of SASE FEL at the TESLA Test Facility, phase 1
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/09/11/
VL  - 530
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 233
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Phase 1 of the vacuum ultra-violet free-electron laser (FEL) at the TESLA Test Facility recently concluded operation. It successfully demonstrated the saturation of a SASE FEL in the wavelength range of 80–<f>120 nm</f>. We present a posteriori start-to-end numerical simulations of this FEL. These simulations are based on the programs Astra and elegant for the generation and transport of the electron distribution. An independent simulation of the intricate beam dynamics in the magnetic bunch compressor is performed with the program CSRtrack. The SASE FEL process is simulated with the code FAST. From our detailed simulations and the resulting phase space distribution at the undulator entrance, we found that the FEL was driven only by a small fraction (slice) of the electron bunch. This “lasing slice” is located in the head of the bunch, and has a peak current of approximately <f>3 kA</f>. A strong energy chirp (due to the space charge field after compression) within this slice had a significant influence on the FEL operation. Our study shows that the radiation pulse duration is about <f>40 fs</f> (FWHM) with a corresponding peak power of <f>1.5 GW</f>. The simulated FEL properties are compared with various experimental data and found to be in excellent agreement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - Coherent synchrotron radiation
KW  - Femtosecond pulses
KW  - Free electron lasers
KW  - Space charge
N1  - Accession Number: 14375113; Dohlus, M. 1 Flöttmann, K. 1 Kozlov, O.S. 2 Limberg, T. 1 Piot, Ph. 3 Saldin, E.L. 1 Schneidmiller, E.A. 1; Email Address: schneidm@mail.desy.de Yurkov, M.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany  2: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141980 Moscow Region, Russia  3: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 530 Issue 3, p217; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent synchrotron radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Femtosecond pulses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free electron lasers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space charge; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.221
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14375113&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batarin, V.A.
AU  - Butler, J.
AU  - Chen, T.Y.
AU  - Davidenko, A.M.
AU  - Derevschikov, A.A.
AU  - Goncharenko, Y.M.
AU  - Grishin, V.N.
AU  - Kachanov, V.A.
AU  - Khodyrev, V.Y.
AU  - Konstantinov, A.S.
AU  - Kravtsov, V.I.
AU  - Kubota, Y.
AU  - Lukanin, V.S.
AU  - Matulenko, Y.A.
AU  - Melnick, Y.M.
AU  - Meschanin, A.P.
AU  - Mikhalin, N.E.
AU  - Minaev, N.G.
AU  - Mochalov, V.V.
AU  - Morozov, D.A.
T1  - Comparison of radiation damage in lead tungstate crystals under pion and gamma irradiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/09/11/
VL  - 530
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 286
EP  - 292
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Studies of the radiation hardness of lead tungstate crystals produced by the Bogoroditsk Techno-Chemical Plant in Russia and the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics in China have been carried out at IHEP, Protvino. The crystals were irradiated by a <f>40 GeV</f> pion beam. After full recovery, the same crystals were irradiated using a <f>137Cs</f> <f>γ</f>-ray source. The dose rate profiles along the crystal length were observed to be quite similar. We compare the effects of the two types of radiation on the crystal''s light output. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - Lead tungstate crystal
KW  - Pion/gamma irradiation
KW  - Radiation damage
N1  - Accession Number: 14375118; Batarin, V.A. 1 Butler, J. 2 Chen, T.Y. 3 Davidenko, A.M. 1 Derevschikov, A.A. 1 Goncharenko, Y.M. 1 Grishin, V.N. 1 Kachanov, V.A. 1 Khodyrev, V.Y. 1 Konstantinov, A.S. 1 Kravtsov, V.I. 1 Kubota, Y. 4 Lukanin, V.S. 1 Matulenko, Y.A. 1 Melnick, Y.M. 1 Meschanin, A.P. 1 Mikhalin, N.E. 1 Minaev, N.G. 1 Mochalov, V.V. 1 Morozov, D.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Nanjing University, Nanjing, China  4: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 530 Issue 3, p286; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lead tungstate crystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pion/gamma irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.231
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarantites, D.G.
AU  - Reviol, W.
AU  - Chiara, C.J.
AU  - Charity, R.J.
AU  - Sobotka, L.G.
AU  - Devlin, M.
AU  - Furlotti, M.
AU  - Pechenaya, O.L.
AU  - Elson, J.
AU  - Hausladen, P.
AU  - Fischer, S.
AU  - Balamuth, D.
AU  - Clark, R.M.
T1  - “Neutron Shell”: a high efficiency array of neutron detectors for <f>γ</f>-ray spectroscopic studies with Gammasphere
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/09/11/
VL  - 530
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 492
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A shell of neutron detectors was designed, constructed, and employed in <f>γ</f>-ray spectroscopy with Gammasphere. It consists of up to 35 tapered regular hexagons that replace the same number of forward Ge-detector modules in Gammasphere. The shell was designed for high detection efficiency and very good neutron–<f>γ</f> discrimination. The simultaneous use of time-of-flight, and two methods of pulse shape discrimination between neutrons and <f>γ</f> rays is described. Techniques for spectroscopy with efficient detection of two neutrons are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray detectors
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14375135; Sarantites, D.G. 1; Email Address: dgs@wuchem.wustl.edu Reviol, W. 1 Chiara, C.J. 1 Charity, R.J. 1 Sobotka, L.G. 1 Devlin, M. 1 Furlotti, M. 1 Pechenaya, O.L. 2 Elson, J. 1 Hausladen, P. 3 Fischer, S. 3 Balamuth, D. 3 Clark, R.M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, 1 Brookings Dr., P.O. Box 1134, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA  2: Department of Physics, Washington University, 1 Brookings Dr., P.O. Box 1134, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA  4: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 530 Issue 3, p473; Subject Term: GAMMA ray detectors; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.243
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14375135&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spinka, C.
AU  - Holan, S.
AU  - Spinka, H.
T1  - Estimating relative luminosity for RHIC spin physics
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/09/11/
VL  - 530
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 536
EP  - 540
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Relative luminosities for different beam spin states must be determined to better than <f>10-4</f>–<f>10-3</f> in order to measure spin asymmetries to the desired accuracy at RHIC. It is demonstrated that biases due to high rates in luminosity monitors can be kept acceptably small for anticipated RHIC operating conditions. Additionally, the distribution of the estimates is shown to be approximately Gaussian (normal) with known mean and standard error, permitting the construction of confidence intervals for the true spin asymmetry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMOLOGICAL distances
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - CONFIDENCE intervals
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - Luminosity monitoring
KW  - Rate induced biases
N1  - Accession Number: 14375140; Spinka, C. 1 Holan, S. 1 Spinka, H. 2; Email Address: hms@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Statistics Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA  2: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 530 Issue 3, p536; Subject Term: COSMOLOGICAL distances; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: CONFIDENCE intervals; Subject Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Luminosity monitoring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rate induced biases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.213
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14375140&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kruppa, A. T.
AU  - Michel, N.
AU  - Nazarewicz, W.
T1  - Description of weakly bound or unbound nuclear states.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 12
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A major theoretical challenge when dealing with weakly bound nuclei is to obtain a consistent microscopic description of bound states, resonances, and the non-resonant continuum. In this talk, resonances in deformed nuclei are described within the coupled-channel approach employing the Gamow state formalism. The coupled-channel method is compared with the expansion schemes employing the harmonic oscillator basis and the Berggren ensemble. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - INELASTIC scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546487; Kruppa, A. T. 1 Michel, N. 2,3 Nazarewicz, W. 2,3,4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Nuclear Research, Bem tér 18/c, 4026 Debrecen, Hungary  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p7; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: INELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805907
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546487&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrett, B. R.
AU  - Navrátil, P.
AU  - Nogga, A.
AU  - Ormand, W. E.
AU  - Stetcu, I.
AU  - Vary, J. P.
AU  - Zhan, H.
T1  - The Ab Initio Large-Basis No-Core Shell Model.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 42
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We describe the development and application of the ab initio No-Core shell Model, in which the effective Hamiltonians are derived microscopically from realistic, high-quality nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials plus various realistic three-nucleon (NNN) potentials, as a function of the finite harmonic-oscillator (HO) basis space. For presently feasible no-core model spaces, we evaluate the effective Hamiltonians in a cluster approach, which is guaranteed to provide exact results for sufficiently large model spaces and/or sufficiently large clusters. A number of recent applications of the NCSM are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR shell theory
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546482; Barrett, B. R. 1 Navrátil, P. 2 Nogga, A. 3 Ormand, W. E. 2 Stetcu, I. 1 Vary, J. P. 4 Zhan, H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, P.O. Box 210081, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ85 721  2: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551  3: Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Box 351550,Seattle, WA 98195  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shell theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805912
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546482&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dohaczewski, J.
AU  - Stoitsov, M. V.
AU  - Nazarewicz, W.
T1  - Skyrme-HFB deformed nuclear mass table.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 51
EP  - 56
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov code HFBTHO using the axial (2D) Transformed Harmonic Oscillator basis is tested against the HFODD (3D Cartesian HO basis) and HFBRAD (radial coordinate) codes. Results of large-scale ground-state calculations are presented for the SLy4 and SkP interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546480; Dohaczewski, J. 1,2,3,4 Stoitsov, M. V. 2,3,4,5 Nazarewicz, W. 1,2,3,4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of' Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University ul. Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia - 1784, Bulgaria; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p51; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805914
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546480&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoitsov, M. V.
AU  - Dobaczewski, J.
AU  - Nazarewicz, W.
AU  - Terasaki, J.
T1  - Particle-Number-Projected HFB Method.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 62
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Particle-number restoration before variation is implemented in the HFB method employing the Skyrme force and contact delta pairing. Results are compared with those obtained within the Lipkin-Nogami method, with or without the particle-number projection after variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546479; Stoitsov, M. V. 1,2,3,4 Dobaczewski, J. 2,3,4,5 Nazarewicz, W. 2,3,4,5 Terasaki, J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia-I 784, Bulgaria  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  5: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoza 69, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland  6: Department of Physics and Astronomy University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Phillips Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805915
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546479&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoitcheva, G. S.
AU  - Dean, D. J.
T1  - Shifted-Contour Monte Carlo Method for Nuclear Structure.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 63
EP  - 66
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We propose a new approach for alleviating the ‘sign’ problem in the nuclear shell model Monte Carlo method. The approach relies on modifying the integration contour of the Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation to pass through an imaginary stationary point in the auxiliary-field associated with the Hartree-Fock density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - NUCLEAR shell theory
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546478; Stoitcheva, G. S. 1 Dean, D. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p63; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shell theory; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805916
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546478&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Papenbrock, T.
T1  - Nuclear shell model frontiers.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 72
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - I present two recent advances in the nuclear shell model. The first concerns the selection of the most relevant basis states out of the vast number of available configurations. Here, the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) and the wave function factorization are two approaches that approximate low-lying states. The second part deals with a puzzle of the shell model itself and addresses the preponderance of spin-0 ground states in shell models with random two-body interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - NUCLEAR shell theory
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546477; Papenbrock, T. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p67; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shell theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805917
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546477&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lister, C. J.
T1  - Proton-Neutron correlations in N=Z nuclei.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 156
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The issue of correlations between protons and neutrons has become a major focus of nuclear structure research along the proton dripline. The strength of these correlations determined when nuclear binding ends. The correlations can have isospin T=1, just like &lrquo;normal” neutron-neutron and proton-proton pairs, or have more exotic structure in a deuteron-like T=0 configuration. I will discuss ways of studying these correlations and their relative importance. Odd-odd N=Z nuclei are good laboratories for this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14546463; Lister, C. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p151; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: PAIRING correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805931
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546463&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Regan, P. H.
AU  - Wheldon, C.
AU  - Yamamoto, A. D.
AU  - Wu, C. Y.
AU  - Ashley, S.
AU  - Mumby-Croft, P.
AU  - Seaborne, D.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A. O.
AU  - Cline, D.
AU  - Smith, J. F.
AU  - Chakrawarthy, R. S.
AU  - Cromaz, M.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Freeman, S. J.
AU  - Gelletly, W.
AU  - Görgen, A.
AU  - Hayes, A.
AU  - Hua, H.
AU  - Langdown, S. D.
AU  - Lee, I. Y.
T1  - Structural Evolution in the (N,Z,Iπ) Coordinate Frame for A∼100.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 162
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Multinucleon transfer reactions between a thin 100Mo target and a 136Xe beam at an energy of 700 MeV have been used to investigate the evolution of structure with increasing angular momentum in a range of nuclei with A∼100. The use of kinematically complete experiments coupled with isomer tagging allow the selection of specific exit channels. The evolution from quasi-vibrational states at low spins to quasi-rotational structures following the population of a low-Ω, ‘rotationally aligned’ h11/2 neutron configuration is demonstrated to be a standard feature of the region using the so-called E-Gamma Over Spin (E-GOS) empirical prescription. This treatment is extended to odd-A nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEON-nucleon interactions
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14546462; Regan, P. H. 1,2 Wheldon, C. 1,3 Yamamoto, A. D. 1,2 Wu, C. Y. 4 Ashley, S. 1 Mumby-Croft, P. 1 Seaborne, D. 1 Macchiavelli, A. O. 5 Cline, D. 4 Smith, J. F. 6 Chakrawarthy, R. S. 6 Cromaz, M. 5 Fallon, P. 5 Freeman, S. J. 6 Gelletly, W. 1 Görgen, A. 5 Hayes, A. 4 Hua, H. 4 Langdown, S. D. 1,2 Lee, I. Y. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK  2: Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, 272 Whitney Avenue, New Haven CT USA  3: SF7, HMI Glienicker-straße 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  4: Nuclear Structure Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA  5: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  6: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p157; Subject Term: NUCLEON-nucleon interactions; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805932
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546462&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Va1iente-Dobón, J. J.
AU  - Wheldon, C.
AU  - Regantt, P. H.
AU  - Wu, C. Y.
AU  - C1ine, D.
AU  - Andreoiu, C.
AU  - Chapman, R.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Freeman, S. J.
AU  - Hayes, A.
AU  - Hua, H.
AU  - Langdown, S. D.
AU  - Lee, L. Y.
AU  - Liang, X.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A. O.
AU  - Pearson, C. J.
AU  - Podolyák, Zs.
AU  - Sletten, G.
AU  - Smith, J. F.
AU  - Svensson, C. E.
T1  - Population of 195Os via a deep-inelastic reaction.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 726
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 250
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The present work reports on the 76195Os isotope, which is the most neutron-rich osmium isotope for which transitions have been measured. It has been populated following a multi-nucleon transfer reaction between a thin 78198Pt target and an 850-MeV 54136Xe beam. Evidence from γ-ray coincidences has been found for an Iπ = (27/2-) isomeric state with a measured half-life of 26±9ns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSMIUM isotopes
KW  - OSMIUM
KW  - PLATINUM group
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14546436; Va1iente-Dobón, J. J. 1,2 Wheldon, C. 2,3 Regantt, P. H. 2,4 Wu, C. Y. 5 C1ine, D. 5 Andreoiu, C. 1 Chapman, R. 6 Fallon, P. 7 Freeman, S. J. 8 Hayes, A. 5 Hua, H. 5 Langdown, S. D. 2,4 Lee, L. Y. 7 Liang, X. 6 Macchiavelli, A. O. 7 Pearson, C. J. 2 Podolyák, Zs. 2 Sletten, G. 9 Smith, J. F. 8 Svensson, C. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada  2: Department of Physics, University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH, UK  3: SF7, Hahn-Meitner-Institut, Glienicker Stra&szelig;e 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  4: Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8124, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Rochester NY 14627, USA  6: Department of Electronic Engineering and Physics, University of Paisley Paisley PA1 2BE, UK  7: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  8: Department of Physics and Astronomy Schuster Laboratory, University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PL, UK  9: The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17. 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 726 Issue 1, p249; Subject Term: OSMIUM isotopes; Subject Term: OSMIUM; Subject Term: PLATINUM group; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805958
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546436&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yan, Baojie
AU  - Yue, Guozhen
AU  - Yang, Jeffrey
AU  - Guha, Subhendu
AU  - Williamson, D. L.
AU  - Han, Daxing
AU  - Jiang, Chun-Sheng
T1  - Hydrogen dilution profiling for hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon solar cells.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 85
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1955
EP  - 1957
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The structural properties of hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon solar cells are investigated using Raman, x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. The experimental results showed a significant increase of microcrystalline volume fraction and grain size with increasing film thickness. The correlation between the cell performance and the microstructure suggests that the increase of grain size and microcrystalline volume fraction with thickness is the main reason for the deterioration of cell performance as the intrinsic layer thickness increases. By varying the hydrogen dilution in the gas mixture during deposition, microstructure evolution has been controlled and cell performance significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
N1  - Accession Number: 14434612; Yan, Baojie 1; Email Address: byan@uni-solar.com Yue, Guozhen 1 Yang, Jeffrey 1 Guha, Subhendu 1 Williamson, D. L. 2 Han, Daxing 3 Jiang, Chun-Sheng 4; Affiliation:  1: United Solar Ovonic Corporation, 1100 West Maple Road, Troy, Michigan 48084  2: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401  3: Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 9/13/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 11, p1955; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788877
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14434612&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Haozhe
AU  - Hu, Jingzhu
AU  - Shu, Jinfu
AU  - Höusermann, Daniel
AU  - Mao, Ho-kwang
T1  - Lack of the critical pressure for weakening of size-induced stiffness in 3C–SiC nanocrystals under hydrostatic compression.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 85
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1973
EP  - 1975
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using in situ high-pressure x-ray diffraction methods, the compressibility of 30 nm 3C–SiC nanocrystals was studied under hydrostatic conditions while helium was used as pressure transmitting medium, as well as under nonhydrostatic conditions without pressure medium. No threshold pressure phenomenon was observed for the compressibility of the nanocrystals during compression in hydrostatic conditions, while the critical pressure around 10.5 GPa was observed during nonhydrostatic compression. These indicate that the threshold pressure phenomena, recently reported that the nanocrystals initially exhibited much higher bulk modulus below the threshold pressure during compression [Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3174 (2003); J. Phys. Chem. 107, 14151 (2003)], were mainly caused by the nonhydrostatic effect instead of a specific feature of nanocrystals upon compression. The bulk modulus of 3C–SiC nanocrystals is estimated as 220.6±0.6 GPa based on the hydrostatic compression data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPRESSIBILITY
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14434606; Liu, Haozhe 1; Email Address: hliu@hpcat.aps.anl.gov Hu, Jingzhu 2 Shu, Jinfu 2 Höusermann, Daniel 1 Mao, Ho-kwang 1; Affiliation:  1: HPCAT, Advanced Photon Source, Building 434E, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 and Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015  2: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015,; Source Info: 9/13/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 11, p1973; Subject Term: COMPRESSIBILITY; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789240
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14434606&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, R. M.
AU  - Liu, C. M.
AU  - Zhang, H. Z.
AU  - Chen, C. P.
AU  - Guo, L.
AU  - Xu, H. B.
AU  - Yang, S. H.
T1  - Porous nanotubes of Co3O4: Synthesis, characterization, and magnetic properties.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 85
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2080
EP  - 2082
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Stoichiometric Co3O4 porous nanotubes have been synthesized through a simple modified microemulsion method. The structural and the chemical information of the as-grown nanotubes have been investigated by means of x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and dynamic force microscopy. The results reveal that the as-grown materials are formed by concentric stacking of Co3O4 (111) planes or weaved porous nanotubes with diameters ranging from tens to ∼200 nm and sidewall thickness ranging from 2 to ∼20 nm. Magnetic property of the sample demonstrates a magnetic transition temperature at 8.4 K, indicating macroscopic quantum confinement effects from the sidewall thickness of the porous nanotube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14434570; Wang, R. M. 1; Email Address: rmwang@pku.edu.cn Liu, C. M. 2; Email Address: guolin@buaa.edu.cn Zhang, H. Z. 3 Chen, C. P. 3 Guo, L. 2 Xu, H. B. 2 Yang, S. H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Electron Microscopy Laboratory and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People 2019;s Republic of China and National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Materials and Engineering, BUAA, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China  3: Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China  4: Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Source Info: 9/13/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 11, p2080; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789577
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14434570&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Ward, Scott
AU  - Duda, Anna
AU  - Hu, Jian
AU  - Stradins, Paul
AU  - Crandall, Richard S.
AU  - Branz, Howard M.
AU  - Perlov, Craig
AU  - Jackson, Warren
AU  - Mei, Ping
AU  - Taussig, Carl
T1  - High-current-density thin-film silicon diodes grown at low temperature.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 85
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2122
EP  - 2124
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - High-performance thin-film silicon n–i–p diodes are fabricated at temperatures below 160 °C using hot-wire chemical vapor deposition. The 0.01 mm2 diodes have a forward current-density of near 1000 A/cm2 and a rectification ratio over 107 at ±2 V. Use of microcrystalline silicon i and n layers results in higher current-density diodes than with amorphous silicon, primarily by lowering a barrier to carrier injection. A 30 nm intrinsic Si buffer layer between the i and p layers is needed to reduce the reverse leakage current. Minimizing diode area increases forward current density by reducing the voltage drop across the external series resistances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - DIODES
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - LOW temperature research
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14434556; Wang, Qi 1; Email Address: qi_wang@nrel.gov Ward, Scott 1 Duda, Anna 1 Hu, Jian 1 Stradins, Paul 1 Crandall, Richard S. 1 Branz, Howard M. 1 Perlov, Craig 2 Jackson, Warren 2 Mei, Ping 2 Taussig, Carl 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401  2: Hewlett-Packard Laboratory, 1501 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California 94304; Source Info: 9/13/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 11, p2122; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: LOW temperature research; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789580
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14434556&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rapti, Z.
AU  - Trombettoni, A.
AU  - Kevrekidis, P.G.
AU  - Frantzeskakis, D.J.
AU  - Malomed, Boris A.
AU  - Bishop, A.R.
T1  - Modulational instabilities and domain walls in coupled discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equations
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/09/13/
VL  - 330
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 106
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We consider a system of two discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equations, coupled by nonlinear and linear terms. For various physically relevant cases, we derive a modulational instability criterion for plane-wave solutions. We also find and examine domain-wall solutions in the model with the linear coupling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCHRODINGER equation
KW  - NONLINEAR models (Statistics)
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - MODULATION (Electronics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14249496; Rapti, Z. 1 Trombettoni, A. 2 Kevrekidis, P.G. 1 Frantzeskakis, D.J.; Email Address: dfrantz@cc.uoa.gr Malomed, Boris A. 3 Bishop, A.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita' di Parma, parco Area delle Scienze 7A, I-43100 Parma, Italy  3: Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 330 Issue 1/2, p95; Subject Term: SCHRODINGER equation; Subject Term: NONLINEAR models (Statistics); Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: MODULATION (Electronics); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.07.052
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14249496&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jain, Vivek
T1  - Recent Results from DØ.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/14/
VL  - 722
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 10
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We discuss recent B physics results from DØ. The measurements presented here correspond to an integrated luminosity of ∼ 115 pb-1 of data collected at the Tevatron, between April 2002 and June 2003, at a center of mass energy of the pp collision of 1.96 TeV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
KW  - UNITS of measurement
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - CENTER of mass
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14556125; Jain, Vivek 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 722 Issue 1, p7; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; Subject Term: UNITS of measurement; Subject Term: MASS (Physics); Subject Term: CENTER of mass; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807288
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14556125&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miao, Ting
T1  - B Tagging and Mixing at the Tevatron.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/14/
VL  - 722
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 172
EP  - 180
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The measurement of Bs0 mixing is one of the flagship analyses for the Run II B physics program at the Fermilab Tevatron. We report here preliminary results on key elements to this measurement including Bs0 event reconstruction, proper time resolution and initial B flavor tagging. The prospects of Bs0 mixing with the upgraded CDF and DØ detectors are also discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Flavor
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14556096; Miao, Ting 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 722 Issue 1, p172; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Flavor; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807317
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14556096&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Cheng-Ju S.
T1  - Spectroscopy and Rare Decays at CDF.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/14/
VL  - 722
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 200
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report recent results on B hadron mass and rare decay measurements using data collected by the CDF detector in Run II. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14556093; Lin, Cheng-Ju S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 722 Issue 1, p193; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807320
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14556093&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Michael H. L. S.
T1  - The BTeV Trigger System.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/14/
VL  - 722
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 218
EP  - 224
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - BTeV is a high-statistics B physics experiment that will achieve new levels of sensitivity in testing the Standard Model explanation of CP violation, mixing and rare decays in the b and c quark systems by operating in the unique environment of a hadron collider. In order to achieve its goals, it will make use of a state-of-the-art Si-pixel vertex detector and a novel 3-level hierarchical trigger that will look at every single beam crossing to detect the presence of heavy quark decays. This talk will focus on the Level-1 vertex trigger describing how it fits into the overall design of the BTeV trigger and data-acquisition system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRIGGER circuits
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14556089; Wang, Michael H. L. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 722 Issue 1, p218; Subject Term: TRIGGER circuits; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807324
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14556089&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cahn, Robert N.
T1  - B Physics in the LHC Era.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/14/
VL  - 722
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 276
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The nature of B physics will be transformed by the LHC. The nature of that transformation will depend on what we find there. B physics will no longer have a compelling role in discovering New Physics, but it will remain a central part of our exploration of fundamental interactions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - NATURE
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - PHYSICS projects
N1  - Accession Number: 14556081; Cahn, Robert N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley CA 94720, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 722 Issue 1, p269; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: NATURE; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: PHYSICS projects; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807332
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14556081&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butler, Joel N.
T1  - Models and Methods: Can Theory Meet the B Physics Challenge?
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/14/
VL  - 722
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 278
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Theory and experiment work together in the effort to obtain insight from B physics. At Beauty 2003, we held a panel discussion among eminent theorists working in this area. Below we present the motivation for this panel, the charge to the panelists, and some brief comments concerning the discussions and main conclusions. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
KW  - PHYSICS projects
KW  - THEORY of knowledge
KW  - THEORY
KW  - PANEL analysis
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - DEBATES & debating
N1  - Accession Number: 14556080; Butler, Joel N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 722 Issue 1, p277; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Subject Term: PHYSICS projects; Subject Term: THEORY of knowledge; Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: PANEL analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: DEBATES & debating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807333
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14556080&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nierste, Ulrich
T1  - Models and Methods: Can Theory Meet the B Physics Challenge?
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/14/
VL  - 722
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 280
EP  - 282
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The B physics experiments of the next generation, BTeV and LHCb, will perform measurements with an unprecedented accuracy. Theory predictions must control hadronic uncertainties with the same precision to extract the desired short-distance information successfully. I argue that this is indeed possible, discuss those theoretical methods in which hadronic uncertainties are under control and list hadronically clean observables. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTANCES
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
KW  - HEISENBERG uncertainty principle
KW  - REASONING (Logic)
KW  - FORECASTING
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14556078; Nierste, Ulrich 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 722 Issue 1, p280; Subject Term: DISTANCES; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Subject Term: HEISENBERG uncertainty principle; Subject Term: REASONING (Logic); Subject Term: FORECASTING; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807335
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dyer, R. Brian
AU  - Maness, Shelia J.
AU  - Peterson, Eric S.
AU  - Franzen, Stefan
AU  - Fesinmeyer, R. Matthew
AU  - Andersen, Niels H.
T1  - The Mechanism of Β-Hairpin Formation.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/14/
VL  - 43
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 11560
EP  - 11566
SN  - 00062960
AB  - β-Hairpins constitute an important class of connecting protein secondary structures. Several groups have postulated that such structures form early in the folding process and serve to nucleate the formation of extended β-sheet structures. Despite the importance of β-hairpins in protein folding, little is known about the mechanism of formation of these structures. While it is well established that there is a complex interplay between the stability of a β-hairpin and loop conformational propensity, loop length, and the formation of stabilizing cross-strand interactions (H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions), the influence of these factors on the folding rate is poorly understood. Peptide models provide a simple framework for exploring the molecular details of the formation of β-hairpin structures. We have explored the fundamental processes of folding in two linear peptides that form β-hairpin structures, having a stabilizing hydrophobic cluster connected by loops of differing lengths. This approach allows us to evaluate existing models of the mechanism of β-hairpin formation. We find a substantial acceleration of the folding rate when the connecting loop is made shorter (i.e., the hydrophobic cluster is moved closer to the turn). Analysis of the folding kinetics of these two peptides reveals that this acceleration is a direct consequence of the reduced entropic cost of the smaller loop search. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - PROTEIN conformation
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14517824; Dyer, R. Brian 1; Email Address: bdyer@lanl.gov Maness, Shelia J. 2 Peterson, Eric S. 3 Franzen, Stefan 2 Fesinmeyer, R. Matthew 4 Andersen, Niels H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Chemistry Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695.  3: Chemistry Department, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011.  4: Chemistry Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195.; Source Info: 9/14/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 36, p11560; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: PROTEIN conformation; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, James R.
AU  - Ye, Yiying
AU  - Lee, Yong-Bin
AU  - Harmon, Bruce N.
AU  - Gschneidner, Karl A.
AU  - Russell, Alan M.
T1  - Ab initio calculation of bulk and defect properties of ductile rare-earth intermetallic compounds
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 52
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4849
EP  - 4857
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Abstract: We have used ab initio calculations to examine various properties of YAg and YCu, two members of a class of fully ordered stoichiometric intermetallics with the CsCl-type B2 lattice. These two alloys, and numerous similar compounds, have been found to have significant polycrystalline ductility, in some cases exceeding 20% ductility in tension. Calculated bulk properties are consistent with experimental data, where available, including lattice parameters, elastic constants, and stability with respect to the B27 FeB structure. Anti-phase boundary energies are large, consistent with the high degree of orders in these systems, and with the absence of b=〈111〉 slip in single crystal experiments. However, unstable stacking faults associated with b=〈100〉 slip are quite low, in contrast with NiAl where these energies exceed those of the anti-phase boundaries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - METALS -- Ductility
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - Ab initio electron theory
KW  - Dislocation
KW  - Intermetallic phases
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Slip systems
N1  - Accession Number: 19303227; Morris, James R. 1,2; Email Address: morrisj@ornl.gov Ye, Yiying 1,3 Lee, Yong-Bin 1 Harmon, Bruce N. 1 Gschneidner, Karl A. 1,4 Russell, Alan M. 1,4; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Ceramics Division, Department of Metals, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA  3: Center of Analysis and Testing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 52 Issue 16, p4849; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: METALS -- Ductility; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ab initio electron theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intermetallic phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slip systems; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.06.050
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19303227&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Saiyi
AU  - Beyerlein, Irene J.
AU  - Necker, Carl T.
AU  - Alexander, David J.
AU  - Bourke, Mark
T1  - Heterogeneity of deformation texture in equal channel angular extrusion of copper
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 52
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 4859
EP  - 4875
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Abstract: Texture evolution and heterogeneity during equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) of an annealed pure copper billet are investigated using a combined finite element-polycrystal modeling approach. For the first ECAE pass, texture predictions at several locations across the billet using either the visco-plastic self consistent (VPSC) or Taylor model are compared against orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) texture measurements. The results show significant spatial variation in texture, in good agreement with the OIM measurements, and indicate a better performance of the VPSC model than the Taylor model. The study was extended for routes A and C up to 16 passes. For route A the textures at the top and middle regions are similar, remain much stronger than that in the bottom region, and strengthen with the number of passes. In route C, the textures at the top and bottom positions become similar after the second pass, but are quite different from the textures in the middle; the texture heterogeneity is smaller for odd-numbered passes than for even-numbered passes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER -- Thermal properties
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - METALS -- Heat treatment
KW  - METALS -- Texture
KW  - CRYSTAL texture
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - ECAE
KW  - Finite element
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Polycrystal plasticity
KW  - Texture
N1  - Accession Number: 19303228; Li, Saiyi 1; Email Address: saiyi@lanl.gov Beyerlein, Irene J. 2 Necker, Carl T. 1 Alexander, David J. 1 Bourke, Mark 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 52 Issue 16, p4859; Subject Term: COPPER -- Thermal properties; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: METALS -- Heat treatment; Subject Term: METALS -- Texture; Subject Term: CRYSTAL texture; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECAE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystal plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.06.042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19303228&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Blakely, E.A.
AU  - Cucinotta, F.A.
T1  - Preface
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1277
EP  - 1277
SN  - 02731177
N1  - Accession Number: 14748613; Blakely, E.A. 1; Email Address: eablakely@lbl.gov Cucinotta, F.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, MS 70A/1118, 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p1277; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2004.03.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14748613&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mashnik, S.G.
AU  - Gudima, K.K.
AU  - Moskalenko, I.V.
AU  - Prael, R.E.
AU  - Sierk, A.J.
T1  - CEM2K and LAQGSM codes as event generators for space-radiation-shielding and cosmic-ray-propagation applications
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1288
EP  - 1296
SN  - 02731177
AB  - The CEM2k and LAQGSM codes have been recently developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory to simulate nuclear reactions for a number of applications. We have benchmarked our codes against most available data measured at incident particle energies from 10 MeV to 800 GeV and have compared our results with predictions of other current models used by the nuclear community. Here, we present a brief description of our codes and show some illustrative results that testify that CEM2k and LAQGSM can be used as reliable event generators for space-radiation-shielding, cosmic-ray (CR) propagation, and other astrophysical applications. Finally, we show an example of combining of our calculated cross-sections with experimental data from our LANL T-16 compilation to produce evaluated files. Such evaluated files were successfully used in the model of particle propagation in the Galaxy GALPROP to better constrain the size of the CR halo. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE ships -- Shielding (Radiation)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - Astrophysics
KW  - CEM2k and LAQGSM codes
KW  - Cosmic rays
KW  - Space radiation shielding
N1  - Accession Number: 14748616; Mashnik, S.G. 1; Email Address: mashnik@lanl.gov Gudima, K.K. 2 Moskalenko, I.V. 3,4 Prael, R.E. 1 Sierk, A.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mailstop B283, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Institute of Applied Physics, Academy of Science of Moldova, Kishinev, MD-2028, Moldova  3: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  4: Joint Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p1288; Subject Term: SPACE ships -- Shielding (Radiation); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Astrophysics; Author-Supplied Keyword: CEM2k and LAQGSM codes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cosmic rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space radiation shielding; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2003.08.057
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14748616&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, J.W.
AU  - Tripathi, R.K.
AU  - Qualls, G.D.
AU  - Cucinotta, F.A.
AU  - Prael, R.E.
AU  - Norbury, J.W.
AU  - Heinbockel, J.H.
AU  - Tweed, J.
T1  - A space radiation transport method development
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1319
EP  - 1327
SN  - 02731177
AB  - Improved spacecraft shield design requires early entry of radiation constraints into the design process to maximize performance and minimize costs. As a result, we have been investigating high-speed computational procedures to allow shield analysis from the preliminary design concepts to the final design. In particular, we will discuss the progress towards a full three-dimensional and computationally efficient deterministic code for which the current HZETRN evaluates the lowest-order asymptotic term. HZETRN is the first deterministic solution to the Boltzmann equation allowing field mapping within the International Space Station (ISS) in tens of minutes using standard finite element method (FEM) geometry common to engineering design practice enabling development of integrated multidisciplinary design optimization methods. A single ray trace in ISS FEM geometry requires 14 ms and severely limits application of Monte Carlo methods to such engineering models. A potential means of improving the Monte Carlo efficiency in coupling to spacecraft geometry is given in terms of re-configurable computing and could be utilized in the final design as verification of the deterministic method optimized design. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - SPACE ships -- Shielding (Radiation)
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - HZETRN
KW  - Radiation constraints
KW  - Space radiation transport
KW  - Spacecrafting shield design
N1  - Accession Number: 14748620; Wilson, J.W. 1; Email Address: john.w.wilson@nasa.gov Tripathi, R.K. 1 Qualls, G.D. 1 Cucinotta, F.A. 2 Prael, R.E. 3 Norbury, J.W. 4 Heinbockel, J.H. 5 Tweed, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-2199, USA  2: NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA  3: DOE Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA  5: Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p1319; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: SPACE ships -- Shielding (Radiation); Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: HZETRN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation constraints; Author-Supplied Keyword: Space radiation transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spacecrafting shield design; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2003.10.048
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14748620&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antonelli, F.
AU  - Belli, M.
AU  - Campa, A.
AU  - Chatterjee, A.
AU  - Dini, V.
AU  - Esposito, G.
AU  - Rydberg, B.
AU  - Simone, G.
AU  - Tabocchini, M.A.
T1  - DNA fragmentation induced by Fe ions in human cells: shielding influence on spatially correlated damage
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1353
EP  - 1357
SN  - 02731177
AB  - Outside the magnetic field of the Earth, high energy heavy ions constitute a relevant part of the biologically significant dose to astronauts during the very long travels through space. The typical pattern of energy deposition in the matter by heavy ions on the microscopic scale is believed to produce spatially correlated damage in the DNA which is critical for radiobiological effects. We have investigated the influence of a lucite shielding on the initial production of very small DNA fragments in human fibroblasts irradiated with 1 GeV/u iron (Fe) ions. We also used γ-rays as reference radiation. Our results show: (1) a lower effect per incident ion when the shielding is used; (2) an higher DNA Double Strand Breaks (DSB) induction by Fe ions than by γ-rays in the size range 1–23 kbp; (3) a non-random DNA DSB induction by Fe ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHIELDING (Radiation)
KW  - DNA
KW  - IRON ions
KW  - FIBROBLASTS
KW  - DNA fragmentation
KW  - Fe ions in human cells
KW  - Radiation dose
KW  - Radiation risk
KW  - Radiation shielding
N1  - Accession Number: 14748626; Antonelli, F. 1; Email Address: francesca.antonelli@iss.it Belli, M. 1 Campa, A. 1 Chatterjee, A. 2 Dini, V. 1 Esposito, G. 1 Rydberg, B. 2 Simone, G. 1 Tabocchini, M.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p1353; Subject Term: SHIELDING (Radiation); Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: IRON ions; Subject Term: FIBROBLASTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA fragmentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe ions in human cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation dose; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation shielding; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2003.11.020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14748626&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koniarek, J.P.
AU  - Thomas, J.L.
AU  - Vazquez, M.
T1  - Detection of microlesions induced by heavy ions using liposomes filled with fluorescent dye
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1373
EP  - 1377
SN  - 02731177
AB  - In cells irradiation by heavy ions has been hypothesized to produce microlesions, regions of local damage. In cell membranes this damage is thought to manifest itself in the form of holes. The primary evidence for microlesions comes from morphological studies of cell membranes, but this evidence is still controversial, especially since holes also have been observed in membranes of normal, nonirradiated, cells. However, it is possible that damage not associated with histologically discernable disruptions may still occur. In order to resolve this issue, we developed a system for detecting microlesions based on liposomes filled with fluorescent dye. We hypothesized that if microlesions form in these liposomes as the result of irradiation, then the entrapped dye will leak out into the surrounding medium in a measurable way. Polypropylene vials containing suspensions of vesicles composed of either dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, or a combination of egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol were irradiated at the Brookhaven National Laboratory using 56Fe ions at 1 GeV/amu. In several cases we obtained a significant loss of the entrapped dye above the background level. Our results suggest that holes may form in liposomes as the result of heavy ion irradiation, and that these holes are large enough to allow leakage of cell internal contents that are at least as large as a 1 nm diameter calcein molecule. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAVY ions
KW  - LIPOSOMES
KW  - CYTOPLASM
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - Cell irradiation
KW  - Detection of microlesions
KW  - Fluorescent dye
KW  - Heavy ions
KW  - Radiation risk
N1  - Accession Number: 14748630; Koniarek, J.P. 1; Email Address: jk24@columbia.edu Thomas, J.L. 2 Vazquez, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th St., New York, NY 10027, USA  3: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 463, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p1373; Subject Term: HEAVY ions; Subject Term: LIPOSOMES; Subject Term: CYTOPLASM; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection of microlesions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescent dye; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation risk; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2004.01.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14748630&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McComas, David
AU  - Allegrini, Frederic
AU  - Bochsler, Peter
AU  - Bzowski, Maciej
AU  - Collier, Michael
AU  - Fahr, Hans
AU  - Fichtner, Horst
AU  - Frisch, Priscilla
AU  - Funsten, Herb
AU  - Fuselier, Steve
AU  - Gloeckler, George
AU  - Gruntman, Mike
AU  - Izmodenov, Vlad
AU  - Knappenberger, Paul
AU  - Lee, Marty
AU  - Livi, Stefano
AU  - Mitchell, Don
AU  - Möbius, Eberhard
AU  - Moore, Tom
AU  - Reisenfeld, Dan
T1  - The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 719
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 162
EP  - 181
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) is one of five Small Explorer (SMEX) missions undergoing Phase A study for NASA’s Office of Space Science. Around November 2004, NASA expects to select at least one of missions for development and flight. If selected, IBEX will provide the first global views of the Sun’s interstellar boundaries by taking a set of global energetic neutral atom (ENA) images at a variety of energies. Recent advances in ENA imaging have made it possible to remotely image space plasmas and ENA imaging is now poised to image the interstellar interactions and interstellar boundaries at the edge of our heliosphere. IBEX makes these exploratory ENA observations using two ultra-high sensitivity ENA cameras on a simple spinning spacecraft. IBEX’s highly elliptical Earth orbit allows viewing of the outer heliosphere from beyond the Earth’s relatively bright magnetospheric ENA emissions. IBEX’s sole, focused science objective is to discover the global interaction between the solar wind and the interstellar medium. IBEX achieves this objective by answering four fundamental science questions: (1) What is the global strength and structure of the termination shock? (2) How are energetic protons accelerated at the termination shock? (3) What are the global properties of the solar wind flow beyond the termination shock and in the heliotail? and (4) How does the interstellar flow interact with the heliosphere beyond the heliopause? The IBEX objective is central to the Sun-Earth Connection (SEC) theme as demonstrated by both the 2003 SEC Roadmap and 2002 NRC’s Decadal Survey and is specifically identified in the 2003 NASA-wide Strategic Plan. In short, the IBEX mission provides the first global views of the Sun’s interstellar boundaries, unveiling the physics of the heliosphere’s interstellar interaction, providing a deeper understanding of the heliosphere and thereby astrospheres throughout the galaxy, and creating the opportunity to make even greater unanticipated discoveries. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - SPACE plasmas
KW  - SOLAR wind
KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - COSMOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14556240; McComas, David 1 Allegrini, Frederic 1 Bochsler, Peter 2 Bzowski, Maciej 3 Collier, Michael 4 Fahr, Hans 5 Fichtner, Horst 6 Frisch, Priscilla 7 Funsten, Herb 8 Fuselier, Steve 9 Gloeckler, George 10 Gruntman, Mike 11 Izmodenov, Vlad 12 Knappenberger, Paul 13 Lee, Marty 14 Livi, Stefano 15 Mitchell, Don 15 Möbius, Eberhard 14 Moore, Tom 4 Reisenfeld, Dan 8; Affiliation:  1: Southwest Research Institute, P.O. Drawer 28510, San Antonio, TX 78228, USA.  2: University of Bern, Physikalisches Institut, Sidlerstr. 5, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland.  3: Polish Academy of Sciences, Space Research Centre, Bartycka 18 A, 00-716, Warsaw, Poland.  4: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 692, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.  5: University of Bonn, Auf dem Hugel 71, D-53121, Bonn, Germany.  6: Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum-und-Astrophysic, D-44780 Bochum Germany.  7: University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.  8: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  9: Lockheed Martin, Space Physics Lab, 3251 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.  10: University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, MD 20742, USA.  11: University of Southern California, Aerospace Engineering Dept., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.  12: Moscow State University, Vorob-evy Gory, Glavnoe Zdanie MGU, 119899 Moscow, Russia.  13: Adler Planetarium, 1300 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.  14: University of New Hampshire, Space Science Center, Morse Hall, Durham, NH 03824, USA.  15: Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 719 Issue 1, p162; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: SPACE plasmas; Subject Term: SOLAR wind; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809514
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes IV, James H.
AU  - Schilling, Gregory D.
AU  - Stone, Steven F.
AU  - Sperline, Roger P.
AU  - Denton, M. Bonner
AU  - Young, Erick T.
AU  - Barinaga, Charles J.
AU  - Koppenaal, David W.
AU  - Hieftje, Gary M.
T1  - Simultaneous multichannel mass-specific detection for high-performance liquid chromatography using an array detector sector-field mass spectrometer.
JO  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 380
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 234
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 16182642
AB  - The use of a separation step, such as liquid chromatography, prior to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has become a common tool for highly selective and sensitive analyses. This type of coupling has several benefits including the ability to perform speciation analysis or to remove isobaric interferences. Several limitations of conventional instruments result from the necessity to scan or pulse the mass spectrometer to obtain a complete mass spectrum. When the instrument is operated in such a non-continuous manner, duty cycle is reduced, resulting in poorer absolute limits of detection. Additionally, with scanning instruments, spectral skew can be introduced into the measurement, limiting quantitation accuracy. To address these shortcomings, a high-performance liquid chromatograph has been coupled to an ICP-MS capable of continuous sample introduction and simultaneous multimass detection. These features have been realized with a novel detector array, the focal plane camera. Instrument performance has been tested for both speciation analysis and for the elimination of isobaric interferences. Absolute limits of detection in the sub picogram to tens of picograms regime are obtainable, while the added mass dimension introduced by simultaneous detection dramatically increases chromatographic peak capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
KW  - INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - FOCAL planes
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - Array Detector
KW  - Focal plane camera
KW  - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Sector field mass spectrometry
KW  - Simultaneous detection
N1  - Accession Number: 14665113; Barnes IV, James H. 1 Schilling, Gregory D. 1 Stone, Steven F. 2 Sperline, Roger P. 3 Denton, M. Bonner 3 Young, Erick T. 4 Barinaga, Charles J. 5 Koppenaal, David W. 5 Hieftje, Gary M. 1; Email Address: hieftje@indiana.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  4: Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA  5: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 380 Issue 2, p227; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; Subject Term: INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: FOCAL planes; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Array Detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Focal plane camera; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sector field mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simultaneous detection; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00216-004-2686-y
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14665113&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Tao
AU  - Qian, Wei-Jun
AU  - Strittmatter, Eric F.
AU  - Camp II., David O.
AU  - Anderson, Gordon A.
AU  - Thrall, Brian D.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - High-Throughput Comparative Proteome Analysis U sing a Quantitative Cysteinyl-peptide Enrichment Technology.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5345
EP  - 5353
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A new quantitative cysteinyl-peptide enrichment technology (QCEI') was developed to achieve higher efficiency, greater dynamic range, and higher throughput in quantitative proteomics that use stable isotope labeling techniques combined with high-resolution liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS). This approach involves 18O labeling of tryptic peptides, high-efficiency enrichment of cysteine-containing peptides, and confident protein identification and quantification using the accurate mass and time tag strategy. Proteome profiling of naïve and in vitro-differentiated human mammary epithelial cells using QCEF resulted in the identification and quantification of 603 proteins in a single LC-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS analysis. Advantages of this technology include the following: (1) a simple, highly efficient method for enriching cysteinyl-peptides; (2) a high-throughput strategy suitable for extensive proteome analysis; and (3) improved labeling efficiency for better quantitative measurements. This technology enhances both the functional analysis of biological systems and the detection of potential clinical biomarkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL markers
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - STABLE isotopes
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
KW  - FOURIER transforms
N1  - Accession Number: 14533636; Liu, Tao 1 Qian, Wei-Jun Strittmatter, Eric F. Camp II., David O. Anderson, Gordon A. Thrall, Brian D. Smith, Richard D.; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Rich/and, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 18, p5345; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL markers; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: STABLE isotopes; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nunnermacker, L.J.
AU  - Weinstein-Lloyd, J.
AU  - Kleinman, L.
AU  - Daum, P.H.
AU  - Lee, Y.N.
AU  - Springston, S.R.
AU  - Klotz, P.
AU  - Newman, L.
AU  - Neuroth, G.
AU  - Hyde, P.
T1  - Ground-based and aircraft measurements of trace gases in Phoenix, Arizona (1998)
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 4941
EP  - 4956
SN  - 13522310
AB  - In May and June of 1998, an extensive measurement campaign was fielded in the city of Phoenix and its environs. Measurements were made at ground sites and aboard the Department of Energy''s G-1 research aircraft in an effort to understand the production of O3 in this area. Diurnal variations in O3 differed at the upwind Palo Verde, downtown Phoenix Super Site, and downwind Usery Pass surface stations. Air masses entering the metropolitan area had O3 concentrations greater than 40 ppbv. Maximum O3 concentrations near 100 ppbv were observed downtown at 14:00 local standard time; similar concentrations occurred much later in the day at the downwind site. One aircraft case study on 5 June, 1998 is presented to illustrate ozone production in the region. Calculated ozone production rate and efficiency varied from 1 to 7 ppbv h-1, and 1–3 molecules of O3 per molecule of NOz, respectively, for this flight. Hydrocarbon apportionment, based upon ground site and aircraft measurements, establishes that biogenic species are not significant contributors to O3 production in the Phoenix area. Therefore, carbon monoxide becomes a major contributor to OH reactivity as the more reactive anthropogenic hydrocarbons become depleted. The relatively low ozone production observed in this study is attributed to a low rate of radical production in the dry atmosphere. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OZONE
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - ISOPRENE
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - Biogenic hydrocarbons
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Isoprene
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Ozone production efficiency
N1  - Accession Number: 14168534; Nunnermacker, L.J. 1; Email Address: lindan@bnl.gov Weinstein-Lloyd, J. 2 Kleinman, L. 1 Daum, P.H. 1 Lee, Y.N. 1 Springston, S.R. 1 Klotz, P. 1 Newman, L. 1 Neuroth, G. 3 Hyde, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 815E, Rutherford St., Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Chemistry/Physics Department, State University of New York, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA  3: Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 38 Issue 29, p4941; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: ISOPRENE; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogenic hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isoprene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ozone production efficiency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.04.033
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14168534&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mulholland, Patrick J.
T1  - The importance of in-stream uptake for regulating stream concentrations and outputs of N and P from a forested watershed: evidence from long-term chemistry records for Walker Branch Watershed.
JO  - Biogeochemistry
JF  - Biogeochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 70
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 426
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01682563
AB  - Long-term, weekly measurements of streamwater nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the West Fork of Walker Branch, a 1st order forested stream in eastern Tennessee, were used to assess the importance of in-stream processes for controlling stream concentrations and watershed exports. Over the period from 1991 to 2002, there was a slight declining trend in watershed export of dissolved inorganic N via streamflow, despite relatively high and constant wet N deposition rates (5 kg/ha/y). The watershed retains>90% of N deposition inputs. Concentrations of NO3- and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) showed distinct seasonal patterns with autumn and early spring minima and summer maxima. An end-member mixing analysis indicated that these seasonal concentration patterns were largely a result of seasonal variations in in-stream uptake processes, with net uptake of NO3- and SRP having the greatest impact on streamwater concentrations in November (reductions of 29 µg N/l and 2.5 µg P/l, respectively). This was likely a result of high rates of uptake by microbes colonizing new inputs of leaf detritus. For NO3- there was a secondary peak in net uptake in March and April (about 9 µg N/l) resulting from increased uptake by stream algae and bryophytes. Summer was a period of net release of NO3- to streamwater (peaking at 9 µg N/l in July) and minimal net effects on SRP concentrations. On average, in-stream processes resulted in removal of about 20% of the NO3- and 30% of the SRP entering the stream from the catchment annually. This study, as well as other recent work, suggests that in-stream processes are important buffers on stream nutrient concentrations and exports reducing the effects of changes in inputs and retention in terrestrial portions of watersheds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biogeochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Streamflow
KW  - Bodies of water
KW  - Tennessee
KW  - End-member mixing analysis
KW  - Nitrate
KW  - Nutrient cycling
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Stream
KW  - Watershed
N1  - Accession Number: 15431000; Mulholland, Patrick J. 1; Email Address: mulhollandpj@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA.; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 70 Issue 3, p403; Thesaurus Term: Watersheds; Thesaurus Term: Nitrogen; Thesaurus Term: Rivers; Thesaurus Term: Streamflow; Thesaurus Term: Bodies of water; Subject: Tennessee; Author-Supplied Keyword: End-member mixing analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nutrient cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphorus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stream; Author-Supplied Keyword: Watershed; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10533-004-0364-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilder, Joseph W.
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Simple predictive relations, fugacities, and enthalpies of dissociation for single guest clathrate hydrates in porous media
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 59
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 3945
EP  - 3954
SN  - 00092509
AB  - We present two sets of explicit relations for the equilibrium fugacities of single-guest gas hydrates. These relations can be applied whether the hydrate is dissociated under bulk conditions, or in porous media. The first set of presented relations explicitly shows the dependence of the equilibrium fugacity and the enthalpy of dissociation on classical statistical thermodynamic parameters. The second set of relations for the fugacity and enthalpy represent a very simple empirical form which can be used to calculate these quantities, without having to resort to the use of the full statistical thermodynamic model. It is hoped that these relations will prove useful in engineering or computational endeavors where the speed and/or ease of their use may be advantageous. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - HEAT
KW  - Dissociation
KW  - Equilibrium
KW  - Hydrates
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14169883; Wilder, Joseph W.; Email Address: wilder@math.wvu.edu Smith, Duane H. 1; Email Address: dsmith@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 59 Issue 18, p3945; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: HEAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equilibrium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ces.2004.06.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zawisza, I.
AU  - Burgess, I.
AU  - Szymanski, G.
AU  - Lipkowski, J.
AU  - Majewski, J.
AU  - Satija, S.
T1  - Electrochemical, neutron reflectivity and in situ PM-FT-IRRAS studies of a monolayer of n-octadecanol at a Au(1 1 1) electrode surface
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 22/23
M3  - Article
SP  - 3651
EP  - 3664
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The horizontal touch and Langmuir–Blodgett techniques have been used to transfer a monolayer of n-octadecanol from the gas–solution interface of a Langmuir trough onto the metal–solution interface of a Au(1 1 1) electrode. Chronocoulometry has been used to determine the charge density at the electrode surface covered by the film of n-octadecanol. The surface pressure of this film was calculated from the charge density data and was found to be controlled by the electrode potential. We have demonstrated that by dialing the potential applied to the electrode via a potentiostat the monolayer adsorbed on the surface can be compressed or decompressed. Two states of the monolayer were observed. The transition between these states took place at a film pressure ∼12 mN m-1. Neutron reflectometry and polarization modulation Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy have been employed to determine the nature of the two states. The results show that octadecanol molecules form a two-dimensional solid film at all film pressures. At film pressures larger than 12 mN m-1, the film has low compressibility and n-octadecanol molecules assume a small tilt angle with respect to the surface normal. At film pressures lower than 12 mN m-1 a compressive film is formed in which the tilt angle progressively increases with decreasing surface pressure. We have demonstrated that the properties of a monolayer of n-octadecanol at the metal–solution interface display many similarities to the properties of that film at the air–solution interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - VOLTAGE regulators
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Chronocoulomerty
KW  - Langmuir–Blodgett method
KW  - Neutron reflectometry
KW  - Photon polarization modulation Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13701972; Zawisza, I. 1 Burgess, I. 1 Szymanski, G. 1 Lipkowski, J. 1; Email Address: lipkowski@chembio.uoguelph.ca Majewski, J. 2 Satija, S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G2W1  2: MLNSCE, LANSCE-12, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 49 Issue 22/23, p3651; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: VOLTAGE regulators; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronocoulomerty; Author-Supplied Keyword: Langmuir–Blodgett method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron reflectometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photon polarization modulation Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.02.051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sasaki, K.
AU  - Wang, J.X.
AU  - Balasubramanian, M.
AU  - McBreen, J.
AU  - Uribe, F.
AU  - Adzic, R.R.
T1  - Ultra-low platinum content fuel cell anode electrocatalyst with a long-term performance stability
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 22/23
M3  - Article
SP  - 3873
EP  - 3877
SN  - 00134686
AB  - An active anode electrocatalyst, consisting of 1/8 of a monolayer of Pt on a surface of carbon-supported Ru nanoparticles, has been shown to exhibit excellent long-term performance stability in an operating fuel cell. The electrocatalyst has the reduced susceptibility to poisoning by CO, which, in addition to the strong segregation of the Pt atoms on the Ru substrate, determines this characteristic. Kinetic parameters were determined by electrochemical techniques using thin-film rotating disk electrodes. X-ray absorption spectroscopy near edge structure was used to determine the d-band vacancies of a Pt submonolayer on a surface of carbon-supported Ru nanoparticles, and to relate it to the bonding strength of CO. The data point the way to ultimately reduce Pt content in anode electrocatalysts while maintaining their high activity and thereby alleviating the problem of high Pt loading in existing fuel cell technology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - CO tolerance
KW  - Fuel cells
KW  - H2 oxidation
KW  - Pt monolayer
KW  - Ru nanoparticles
N1  - Accession Number: 13701996; Sasaki, K. 1 Wang, J.X. 1 Balasubramanian, M. 1 McBreen, J. 1 Uribe, F. 2 Adzic, R.R. 1; Email Address: adzic@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 49 Issue 22/23, p3873; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO tolerance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: H2 oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt monolayer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ru nanoparticles; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.01.086
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13701996&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, Woodrow
AU  - Isherwood, William
T1  - Distributed generation: remote power systems with advanced storage technologies
JO  - Energy Policy
JF  - Energy Policy
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 32
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 1573
SN  - 03014215
AB  - The paper discusses derived from an earlier hypothetical study of remote villiages. It considers the policy implications for communities who have their own local power resources rather than those distributed through transmission from distant sources such as dams, coal power plants or even renewables generation from wind farms, solar thermal or other resources. The issues today, post 911 and the energy crises in California, Northeast North America and Europe, signal the need for a new and different approach to energy supply(s), reliability and dissemination.Distributed generation (DG) as explored in the earlier paper appears to be one such approach that allows for local communities to become energy self-sufficient. Along with energy conservation, efficiency, and on-site generation, local power sources provide concrete definitions and understandings for heretofore ill defined concepts such as sustainability and eco-systems. The end result for any region and nation-state are “agile energy systems” which use flexible DG, on-site generation and conservation systems meeting the needs of local communities.Now the challenge is to demonstrate and provide economic and policy structures for implementing new advanced technologies for local communities. For institutionalizing economically viable and sound environmental technologies then new finance mechanisms must be established that better reflect the true costs of clean energy distributed in local communities. For example, the aggregation of procurement contracts for on-site solar systems is far more cost effective than for each business owner, public building or household to purchase its own separate units. Thus mass purchasing contracts that are link technologies as hybrids can dramatically reduce costs. In short public–private partnerships can implement the once costly clean energy technologies into local DG systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Policy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy storage
KW  - Power resources
KW  - Villages
KW  - California
KW  - United States
KW  - Advanced technologies
KW  - Distributed generation energy
KW  - Environmentally sound technologies
KW  - Optimization and economic models
KW  - Remote communities
N1  - Accession Number: 12852829; Clark, Woodrow 1; Email Address: wclark13@aol.com; Isherwood, William 2; Affiliations: 1: Governors Office of Planning and Research, 1400 Tenth Street, Sacramento, CA 95184, USA; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 32 Issue 14, p1573; Thesaurus Term: Energy storage; Thesaurus Term: Power resources; Subject Term: Villages; Subject: California; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced technologies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed generation energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmentally sound technologies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optimization and economic models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remote communities; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00017-X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=12852829&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kottenstette, Ryan
AU  - Cotrell, Jason
T1  - Hydrogen storage in wind turbine towers
JO  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF  - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 29
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1277
EP  - 1288
SN  - 03603199
AB  - Modern utility-scale wind turbine towers are typically conical steel structures that could also be used to store gaseous hydrogen in what we have termed a hydrogen tower. This paper examines potential technical barriers to this technology and identifies a minimum cost design.We discovered that hydrogen towers have a “crossover pressure” at which the critical mode of failure crosses over from fatigue to bursting. The crossover pressure for many turbine towers is between 1.0 and <f>1.5 MPa</f> (approximately 10–<f>15 atm</f>). The hydrogen tower design resulting in the least expensive hydrogen storage uses all of the available volume for storage and is designed at its crossover pressure. An 84-m tall hydrogen tower for a 1.5-MW turbine would cost an additional $83,000 (beyond the cost of the conventional tower) and would store <f>940 kg</f> of hydrogen at <f>1.1 MPa</f> of pressure. The resulting incremental storage cost of $88/kg is approximately 30% of that for conventional pressure vessels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - PRESSURE vessels
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Pressure vessel
KW  - Storage
KW  - Tower
KW  - Wind turbine
N1  - Accession Number: 13182141; Kottenstette, Ryan 1 Cotrell, Jason 2; Email Address: jason_cotrell@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: Summer intern from Santa Clara University, 1235 Monroe St., Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA  2: National Wind Technology Centre, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1614 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 29 Issue 12, p1277; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: PRESSURE vessels; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure vessel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tower; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wind turbine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2003.12.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13182141&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nersessian, Nersesse
AU  - Siu Wing Or
AU  - Carman, Gregory P.
AU  - Wonyoung Choe
AU  - Radousky, Harry B.
T1  - Hollow and solid spherical magnetostrictive particulate composites.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3362
EP  - 3365
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Nickel microspheres were produced by the spark erosion technique under both liquid nitrogen and water conditions. Density measurements and Scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that a significant portion of the Ni particles produced under the liquid nitrogen conditions are hollow spheres with a density of 6.67(4)g/cm3 while the particles produced in water are primarily solid spheres with a density of 8.40(1)g/cm3, close to the bulk nickel value of 8.90 g/cm3. Nickel/polymer composites incorporating the hollow and solid nickel microspheres were manufactured with volume fractions of 25% and 36%, respectively. The hollow and solid nickel composites exhibited saturation magnetostrictions of -24 and -28 ppm, respectively. In addition, small quantities of Terfenol-D (Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2) were spark eroded under liquid argon conditions with ∼10% by volume of the spark eroded particles being solid microspheres. Calculations indicate that aligned composites that incorporate these Terfenol-D microspheres could reach a strain value of 2000 ppm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - ARGON
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NOBLE gases
N1  - Accession Number: 14310186; Nersessian, Nersesse 1 Siu Wing Or 1 Carman, Gregory P. 1 Wonyoung Choe 2 Radousky, Harry B. 2; Email Address: radousky1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical and Aerospace Department, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livennore, California 94550; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 6, p3362; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NOBLE gases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1775303
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14310186&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heo, Y. W.
AU  - Abernathy, C.
AU  - Pruessner, K.
AU  - Sigmund, W.
AU  - Norton, D. P.
AU  - Overberg, M.
AU  - Ren, F.
AU  - Chisholm, M.F
T1  - Structure and optical properties of cored wurtzite (Zn,Mg)O heteroepitaxial nanowires.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3424
EP  - 3428
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The synthesis, structure, and optical properties of one-dimensional heteroepitaxial cored (Zn,Mg)O semiconductor nanowires grown by a catalyst-driven molecular beam epitaxy technique are discussed. The structures form spontaneously in a Zn, Mg and O2/O3 flux, consisting of a single crystal, Zn-rich Zn1-xMgxO(x<0.02) core encased by an epitaxial Zn1-yMgyO(y>0.02) sheath. High resolution Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy shows core diameters as small as 4 nm. The cored structure forms spontaneously under constant flux due to a bimodal growth mechanism in which the core forms via bulk like vapor-liquid-solid growth, while the outer sheath grows as a heteroepitaxial layer. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence shows a slight blueshift in the near band edge peak, which is attributed to a few percent Mg doping in the nanoscale ZnO core. The catalyst-driven molecular beam epitaxy technique provides for site-specific nanorod growth on arbitrary substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14310178; Heo, Y. W. 1 Abernathy, C. 1 Pruessner, K. 1 Sigmund, W. 1 Norton, D. P. 1; Email Address: dnort@mse.ufl.edu Overberg, M. 2 Ren, F. 3 Chisholm, M.F 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O.Box 116400, Rhines Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32606  2: Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 871 85-0603  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32606  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 6, p3424; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1774257
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14310178&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajamani, Ashok
AU  - Sheldon, Brian W.
AU  - Nijhawan, Sumit
AU  - Schwartzman, Alan
AU  - Rankin, Janet
AU  - Walden, Barbara L.
AU  - Riester, Laura
T1  - Chemistry-induced intrinsic stress variations during the chemical vapor deposition of polycrystalline diamond.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3531
EP  - 3539
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Intrinsic tensile stresses in polycrystalline films are often attributed to the coalescence of neighboring grains during the early stages of film growth, where the energy decrease associated with converting two free surfaces into a grain boundary provides the driving force for creating tensile stress. Several recent models have analyzed this energy trade off to establish relationships between the stress and the surface/interfacial energy driving force, the elastic properties of the film, and the grain size. To investigate these predictions, experiments were conducted with diamond films produced by chemical vapor deposition. A multistep processing procedure was used to produce films with significant variations in the tensile stress, but with essentially identical grain sizes. The experimental results demonstrate that modest changes in the deposition chemistry can lead to significant changes in the resultant tensile stresses. Two general approaches were considered to reconcile this data with existing models of stress evolution. Geometric effects associated with the shape of the growing crystal were evaluated with a finite element model of stress evolution, and variations in the surface/interfacial energy driving force were assessed in terms of both chemical changes in the deposition atmosphere and differences in the crystal growth morphology. These attempts to explain the experimental results were only partially successful, which suggests that other factors probably affect intrinsic tensile stress evolution due to grain boundary formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 14310164; Rajamani, Ashok 1 Sheldon, Brian W. 1 Nijhawan, Sumit 1 Schwartzman, Alan 1 Rankin, Janet 1 Walden, Barbara L. 2 Riester, Laura 3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Rhode Island 02912  2: Physics Department, Trinity College, Connecticut 06106  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 6, p3531; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1777811
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14310164&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Motin, Vladmer L.
AU  - Georgescu, Anca M.
AU  - Fitch, Joseph P.
AU  - Gu, Pauline P.
AU  - Nelson, David O.
AU  - Mabery, Shalini L.
AU  - Garnham, Janine B.
AU  - Sokhansanj, Bahrad A.
AU  - Ott, Linda L.
AU  - Coleman, Matthew A.
AU  - Elliott, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Kegelmeyer, Laura M.
AU  - Wyrobek, Andrew J.
AU  - Slezak, Thomas R.
AU  - Brubaker, Robert R.
AU  - Garcia, Emilio
T1  - Temporal Global Changes in Gene Expression during Temperature Transition in Yersinia pestis.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 186
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 6298
EP  - 6305
SN  - 00219193
AB  - DNA microarrays encompassing the entire genome of Yersinia pestis were used to characterize global regulatory changes during steady-state vegetative growth occurring after shift from 26 to 37°C in the presence and absence of Ca2+. Transcriptional profiles revealed that 51, 4, and 13 respective genes and open reading frames (ORFs) on pCD, pPCP, and pMT were thermoinduced and that the majority of these genes carried by pCD were downregulated by Ca2+. In contrast, Ca2+ had little effect on chromosomal genes and ORFs, of which 235 were thermally upregulated and 274 were thermally downregulated. The primary consequence of these regulatory events is profligate catabolism of numerous metabolites available in the mammalian host. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - YERSINIA pestis
KW  - GRAM-negative bacteria
KW  - DNA microarrays
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - METABOLITES
KW  - BACTERIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 15775497; Motin, Vladmer L. 1,2 Georgescu, Anca M. 1 Fitch, Joseph P. 1 Gu, Pauline P. 1 Nelson, David O. 1 Mabery, Shalini L. 1 Garnham, Janine B. 1 Sokhansanj, Bahrad A. 1 Ott, Linda L. 1 Coleman, Matthew A. 1 Elliott, Jeffrey M. 1 Kegelmeyer, Laura M. 1 Wyrobek, Andrew J. 1 Slezak, Thomas R. 1 Brubaker, Robert R. 3 Garcia, Emilio 1; Email Address: garcia12@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  2: Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galvesto, TX 77555  3: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 186 Issue 18, p6298; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: YERSINIA pestis; Subject Term: GRAM-negative bacteria; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: METABOLITES; Subject Term: BACTERIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JB.186.18.6298-6305.2004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15775497&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guo, Yin
AU  - Kawano, Akio
AU  - Thompson, Donald L.
AU  - Wagner, Albert F.
AU  - Minkoff, Michael
T1  - Interpolating moving least-squares methods for fitting potential energy surfaces: Applications to classical dynamics calculations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5091
EP  - 5097
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - As a continuation of our efforts to develop efficient and accurate interpolating moving least-squares (IMLS) methods for generating potential energy surfaces, we carry out classical trajectories and compute kinetics properties on higher degree IMLS surfaces. In this study, we have investigated the choice of coordinate system, the range of points (i.e., the cutoff radius) used in fitting, and strategies for selections of data points and basis elements. We illustrate and test the method by applying it to hydrogen peroxide (HOOH). In particular, reaction rates for the O-O bond breaking in HOOH are calculated on fitted surfaces using the classical trajectory approach to test the accuracy of the IMLS method for providing potentials for dynamics calculations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - HYDROGEN peroxide
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14327354; Guo, Yin 1 Kawano, Akio 1 Thompson, Donald L. 1 Wagner, Albert F. 2 Minkoff, Michael 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 11, p5091; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: HYDROGEN peroxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1777572
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14327354&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalos, M. H.
AU  - de Saavedra, F. Arias
T1  - Calculating expectations with time-dependent perturbations in quantum Monte Carlo.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5143
EP  - 5147
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We show that a small perturbation periodic in imaginary time can be used to compute expectation values of nondifferential operators that do not commute with the Hamiltonian within the framework of quantum diffusion Monte Carlo. Some results for the harmonic oscillator and the helium atom are presented showing the validity of the proposed method. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - HARMONIC oscillators
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 14327348; Kalos, M. H. 1 de Saavedra, F. Arias 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Departamento de Física Moderna, Facultad de Ciencias, Granada E-18071, Spain.; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 11, p5143; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: HARMONIC oscillators; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1783151
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knickelbein, Mark B.
T1  - Spin relaxation in isolated molecules and clusters: The interpretation of Stern-Gerlach experiments.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5281
EP  - 5283
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Intramolecular spin relaxation may occur in isolated molecules or clusters provided that the density of rovibrational eigenstates is sufficiently high to serve as an energy bath and angular momentum is conserved. In the coupled, zero-field limit, total angular momentum (J) is the sum of spin (S) and rotational (N) momenta such that J and MJ are good angular momentum quantum numbers. In the coupled limit, transitions between Zeeman levels (ΔMJ≠0) cannot occur in the absence of an external torque. However, in the high-field limit, J and MJ are no longer good quantum numbers, as N and S are decoupled and only their projections on the z axis defined by the external field are invariant. In this case MN and MS remain as good quantum numbers so that angular momentum conserving transitions can occur subject to the selection rule ΔMN=-ΔMS. Determination of the magnetic moments of isolated molecules and clusters via a thermodynamics-based analysis requires that their magnetizations are measured at sufficiently large fields that spin-rotation effects become negligible and the Zeeman level structure approaches the free-spin case. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion (Rigid dynamics)
KW  - DECOUPLING (Mathematics)
KW  - TORQUE
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14327333; Knickelbein, Mark B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 11, p5281; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion (Rigid dynamics); Subject Term: DECOUPLING (Mathematics); Subject Term: TORQUE; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781156
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwegler, Eric
AU  - Grossman, Jeffrey C.
AU  - Gygi, François
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - Towards an assessment of the accuracy of density functional theory for first principles simulations of water. II.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5400
EP  - 5409
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A series of 20 ps ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of water at ambient density and temperatures ranging from 300 to 450 K are presented. Car-Parrinello (CP) and Born-Oppenheimer (BO) molecular dynamics techniques are compared for systems containing 54 and 64 water molecules. At 300 K, an excellent agreement is found between radial distribution functions (RDFs) obtained with BO and CP dynamics, provided an appropriately small value of the fictitious mass parameter is used in the CP simulation. However, we find that the diffusion coefficients computed from CP dynamics are approximately two times larger than those obtained with BO simulations for T>400 K, where statistically meaningful comparisons can be made. Overall, both BO and CP dynamics at 300 K yield overstructured RDFs and slow diffusion as compared to experiment. In order to understand these discrepancies, the effect of proton quantum motion is investigated with the use of empirical interaction potentials. We find that proton quantum effects may have a larger impact than previously thought on structure and diffusion of the liquid. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14327320; Schwegler, Eric 1 Grossman, Jeffrey C. 1 Gygi, François 1 Galli, Giulia 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 84559.; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 11, p5400; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 17 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1782074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guofeng Wang
AU  - Van Hove, M. A.
AU  - Ross, P. N.
AU  - Baskes, M. I.
T1  - Monte Carlo simulations of segregation in Pt-Re catalyst nanoparticles.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5410
EP  - 5422
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We have investigated the segregation of Pt atoms to the surfaces of Pt-Re nanoparticles using the Monte Carlo method and modified embedded-atom method potentials that we have developed for Pt-Re alloys. The Pt75Re25 nanoparticles (containing from 586 to 4033 atoms) are assumed to have disordered fcc configurations and cubo-octahedral shapes (terminated by {111} and {100} facets), while the Pt50Re50 and Pt25Re75 nanoparticles (containing from 587 to 4061 atoms) are assumed to have disordered hcp configurations and truncated hexagonal bipyramidal shapes (terminated by {0001} and {1011} facets). We predict that due to the segregation process the equilibrium Pt-Re nanoparticles would achieve a core-shell structure, with a Pt-enriched shell surrounding a Pt-deficient core. For fcc cubo-octahedral Pt75Re25 nanoparticles, the shells consist of almost 100 at. % of Pt atoms. Even in the shells of hcp truncated hexagonal bipyramidal Pt50Re50 nanoparticles, the concentrations of Pt atoms exceed 85 at. % (35 at. % higher than the overall concentration of Pt atoms in these nanoparticles). Most prominently, all Pt atoms will segregate to the surfaces in the hcp truncated hexagonal bipyramidal Pt25Re75 nanoparticles containing less than 1000 atoms. We also find that the Pt atoms segregate preferentially to the vertex sites, less to edge sites, and least to facet sites on the shell of Pt-Re nanoparticles. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - PLATINUM
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14327319; Guofeng Wang 1; Email Address: gfwang@1bl.gov Van Hove, M. A. 1,2,3 Ross, P. N. 1 Baskes, M. I. 4; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616.  4: MST-8 Structure and Property Relations Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 11, p5410; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: PLATINUM; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 10 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781151
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xianqin Wang
AU  - Jonathan C. Hanson
AU  - Gang Liu
AU  - José A. Rodriguez
AU  - Iglesias-Juez, Ana
AU  - Fernández-García, Marcos
T1  - The behavior of mixed-metal oxides: Physical and chemical properties of bulk Ce1-xTbxO2 and nanoparticles of Ce1-xTbxOy.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5434
EP  - 5444
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The physical and chemical properties of bulk Ce1-xTbxO2 and Ce1-xTbxOy nanoparticles (x≤0.5) were investigated using synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray adsorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES), Raman spectroscopy (RS), and first-principles density-functional (DF) calculations. DF results and Raman spectra point to a small tetragonal distortion after introducing terbium in ceria. The results of XRD show a small contraction (<= 0.08 Å) in the cell dimensions. The presence of Tb generates strain in the lattice through the variation of the ionic radii and creation of crystal imperfections and O vacancies. The strain increases with the content of Tb and affects the chemical reactivity of the Ce1-xTbxOy nanoparticles towards hydrogen, SO2, and NO2. DF calculations for bulk Ce1-xTbxO2 and Ce8-nTbnO16 (n=0, 1, 2, or 4) clusters show oxide systems that are not fully ionic. The theoretical results and XANES spectra indicate that neither a Ce↔Tb exchange nor the introduction of oxygen vacancies in Ce1-xTbxOy significantly affect the charge on the Ce cations. In contrast, the O K-edge and Tb LIII-edge XANES spectra for Ce1-xTbxOy nanoparticles show substantial changes with respect to the corresponding spectra of Ce and Tb single oxide references. The Ce0.5Tb0.5Oy compounds exhibit a much larger Tb3+/Tb4+ ratio than TbO1.7. A comparison with the properties of Ce1-xZrxOy and Ce1-xCaxOy shows important differences in the charge distribution, the magnitude of the dopant induced strain in the oxide lattice, and a superior behavior in the case of the Ce1-xTbxOy systems. The Tb-containing oxides combine stability at high temperature against phase segregation and a reasonable concentration of O vacancies, making them attractive for chemical and catalytic applications. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - RAMAN effect
N1  - Accession Number: 14327316; Xianqin Wang 1 Jonathan C. Hanson 1 Gang Liu 1 José A. Rodriguez 1 Iglesias-Juez, Ana 2 Fernández-García, Marcos 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973.  2: Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 11, p5434; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781116
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smilowitz, L.
AU  - Henson, B. F.
AU  - Greenfield, M.
AU  - Sas, A.
AU  - Asay, B. W.
AU  - Dickson, P. M.
T1  - On the nucleation mechanism of the β-δ phase transition in the energetic nitramine octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5550
EP  - 5552
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - In our previous work on the mechanism for the β-δ solid-solid phase transition in octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), we used an empirical mechanism for the nucleation step and hypothesized a defect mechanism that was greatly affected by the presence of a nitroplasticizer/estane binder in the HMX formulation. Since then, we have acquired further evidence for this and have separated out the components of the binder to confirm that it is the nitroplasticizer that controls the nucleation energy in HMX formulations containing a nitroplasticizer/estane binder. While the exact distribution of nucleation energies as a function of synthesis route/defect type has not been worked out, it is likely that the solubility of the HMX in the nitroplasticizer is responsible for lowering the nucleation energy at the crystal surface, and therefore determines the nucleation rate for the formulation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - PLASTICIZERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14327304; Smilowitz, L. 1 Henson, B. F. 1 Greenfield, M. 1 Sas, A. 1 Asay, B. W. 1 Dickson, P. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 9/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 11, p5550; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: PLASTICIZERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1782491
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chisholm-Brause, C.J.
AU  - Berg, J.M.
AU  - Little, K.M.
AU  - Matzner, R.A.
AU  - Morris, D.E.
T1  - Uranyl sorption by smectites: spectroscopic assessment of thermodynamic modeling
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 277
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 366
EP  - 382
SN  - 00219797
AB  - Batch sorption experiments and thermodynamic modeling of the interaction of <f>UO22+</f> and its hydrolysis products with two smectitic clay minerals, the reference material SWy-1 [McKinley et al., Clays Clay Miner. 43 (1995) 586] and the soil isolate LK-1 [Turner et al., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 30 (1996) 3399], have established a conceptual framework for uranyl/smectite surface complexation based on general reactions between aqueous uranyl species and the reactive sites on the mineral surfaces. In this report, we have formulated and spectroscopically tested a set of hypotheses based on this conceptual framework using samples prepared under similar or identical conditions to evaluate the agreement between surface complexation/speciation as enumerated by spectroscopic characterization and that elaborated by the surface complexation model. Both steady-state and time-resolved optical emission spectral data are presented for uranyl on both smectite minerals as well as on the analogue phases SiO2 and Al(OH)3 spanning the pH range from ∼4 to 8 and the background electrolyte concentrations from ∼0.001 to 0.1 M. The spectral data enable the explicit identification of an outer-sphere exchange-site population of the hydrated cation [UO2<f>(OH2)52+</f>] in SWy-1. Spectral data also clearly establish the existence of inner-sphere surface complexes on the analogue phases and on the amphoteric clay crystallite edge sites [aluminol (>Al&z.sbnd;OH) and silanol (>Si&z.sbnd;OH)]. Based on the spectral characteristics of these uranyl edge-site populations, it is possible to readily infer for the SiO2, Al(OH)3, and SWy-1 samples the evolution in surface speciation with increasing pH to more hydrolyzed uranyl–surface complexes consistent with the conceptual model. The spectral domain characteristics of the edge-site populations on LK-1 with increasing pH suggest that there is no change in the hydrolysis of the uranyl–surface species. However, emission lifetime data are interpreted as indicating a shift in the surface speciation of the same uranyl–surface species from aluminol sites to silanol sites with pH increase. This observation is also consistent with the conceptual framework of the model. Data are also reported for Eu3+/smectite samples to provide additional insight into the exchange site populations. The emission spectra for Eu3+ in the basal-plane exchange sites differs significantly between SWy-1 and LK-1 samples reflecting a difference in the basal plane spacing between these two minerals, but the emission lifetime data suggest that the Eu3+ cation remains fully hydrated in both systems. The overall general description of surface speciation of uranyl on these mineral phases as enumerated by spectroscopy is in good accord with that derived from the conceptual thermodynamic model, lending added confidence to our understanding and descriptions of surface complexation behavior in this complex geochemical system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - CLAY minerals
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Clay
KW  - Emission spectroscopy
KW  - Smectite
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Speciation
KW  - Surface complexation
KW  - Uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 14037515; Chisholm-Brause, C.J. 1; Email Address: cbrause@jlab.org Berg, J.M. 2 Little, K.M. 3 Matzner, R.A. 3 Morris, D.E. 3; Email Address: demorris@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, Applied Research Center, 12050 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Chemistry Division and the Glenn T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 277 Issue 2, p366; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: CLAY minerals; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Smectite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Speciation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface complexation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.04.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, L. Roy
AU  - Bhamidipati, Vikram
AU  - Wei-Hong Zhong
AU  - Jiang Li
AU  - Lukehart, Charles M.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, Edgar
AU  - Liu, Kenneth C.
AU  - Lance, Michael J.
T1  - Mechanical Property Characterization of a Polymeric Nanocomposite Reinforced by Graphitic Nanofibers with Reactive Linkers.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 1563
EP  - 1582
SN  - 00219983
AB  - Mechanical property characterization including bending, tensile, and fracture properties for a new functionalized nanofiber/epoxy composite were conducted. Results show that there was only very little increase in mechanical properties of nanocomposites although we used GCNF-ODA reactive linkers to improve the interface. The interfacial stress level of nanocomposites should be much higher than that of traditional composites because of high property mismatch between the nanoscale reinforcement and the matrix. In order to design strong and stiff nanocomposite materials, one should use aligned nanofibers with a relatively large volume or weight fraction. Also, the length of the nanofiber should be long enough and its diameter not very small in order to facilitate the interfacial load transfer mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - EPOXY resins
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - BENDING (Metalwork)
KW  - epoxy matrix
KW  - graphite nanofibers
KW  - mechanical property characterization
KW  - nanocomposite materials
KW  - ultrasonic processing
N1  - Accession Number: 14914417; Xu, L. Roy 1; Email Address: l.roy.xu@vanderbilt.edu Bhamidipati, Vikram 1 Wei-Hong Zhong 2 Jiang Li 2 Lukehart, Charles M. 2 Lara-Curzio, Edgar 3 Liu, Kenneth C. 3 Lance, Michael J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 18, p1563; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: EPOXY resins; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: BENDING (Metalwork); Author-Supplied Keyword: epoxy matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: graphite nanofibers; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanical property characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanocomposite materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultrasonic processing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304043758
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14914417&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davenport, Miles P.
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Kinetics of Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells and the Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 10096
EP  - 10103
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Several primate models indicate that cytotoxic T lymphocyte-inducing vaccines may be unable to prevent human immunodeficiency virus infection but may have a long-term benefit in controlling viral replication and delaying disease progression. Here we show that analysis of the kinetics of antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell expansion suggests a delay in activation following infection that allows unimpeded early viral replication. Viral kinetics do not differ between controls and vaccines during this delay phase. An increase in virus-specific CD8+ T-cell numbers around day 10 postinfection coincides with a slowing in viral replication in vaccinees and reduces peak viral loads by around 1 log. However, this response is too little too late to prevent establishment of persistent infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIRAL vaccines
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - VIRUS diseases
KW  - VIRAL replication
KW  - VIRAL load
KW  - VIROLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14584389; Davenport, Miles P. 1 Ribeiro, Ruy M. 2,3 Perelson, Alan S. 3; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, and Center for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia  2: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom  3: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 78 Issue 18, p10096; Subject Term: VIRAL vaccines; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: VIRUS diseases; Subject Term: VIRAL replication; Subject Term: VIRAL load; Subject Term: VIROLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.18.10096-10103.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creutz, Michael
T1  - Playing with sandpiles
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 340
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 526
SN  - 03784371
AB  - The Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile model provides a simple and elegant system with which to demonstrate self-organized criticality. This model has rather remarkable mathematical properties first elucidated by Dhar. I demonstrate some of these properties graphically with a simple computer simulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - 05.65.+b
KW  - Self-organized criticality
N1  - Accession Number: 13956808; Creutz, Michael 1; Email Address: creutz@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 510A, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 340 Issue 4, p521; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 05.65.+b; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-organized criticality; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2004.05.063
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mo, S.-K.
AU  - Denlinger, J.D.
AU  - Kim, H.-D.
AU  - Allen, J.W.
AU  - Sekiyama, A.
AU  - Yamasaki, A.
AU  - Suga, S.
AU  - Saitoh, Y.
AU  - Muro, T.
AU  - Metcalf, P.
T1  - Distortion of V 3d line shape due to Auger emission in resonant photoemission spectra of (<f>V1-xCrx)2O3</f> at the V <f>2p→3d</f> absorption edge
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 351
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 239
SN  - 09214526
AB  - We report high-resolution resonant photoemission spectra of (<f>V1-xCrx)2O3</f> at the V <f>2p→3d</f> edge. Distortion of the V 3d line shape due to Auger emission is observed in all phases, metal and insulating. Therefore, spectra that is not in the resonance photon energy range were used in making a recent comparison of experiment to the theoretical spectrum calculated by combining the local density approximation with the dynamical mean field theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - SOCIAL psychology
KW  - 73.20.At
KW  - <f>V2O3</f>
KW  - Metal insulator transition
KW  - Resonant photoemission
N1  - Accession Number: 14313225; Mo, S.-K. 1; Email Address: sungkwan@umich.edu Denlinger, J.D. 2 Kim, H.-D. 3 Allen, J.W. 1 Sekiyama, A. 4 Yamasaki, A. 4 Suga, S. 4 Saitoh, Y. 5 Muro, T. 6 Metcalf, P. 7; Affiliation:  1: Randall Laboratory of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 790-784, South Korea  4: Department of Material Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan  5: Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, SPring-8, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan  6: Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5143, Japan  7: Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 351 Issue 3/4, p235; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: SOCIAL psychology; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.20.At; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>V2O3</f>; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal insulator transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant photoemission; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.06.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans, N.D.
AU  - Maziasz, P.J.
AU  - Swindeman, R.W.
AU  - Smith, G.D.
T1  - Microstructure and phase stability in INCONEL alloy 740 during creep
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 503
EP  - 507
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Phase transformations in a creep-rupture tested specimen of nickel-base superalloy 740 were characterized by electron microscopy. During creep at 816 °C, specimens developed chromium carbides and a complex silicide, the fcc G-phase, along grain boundaries, and an hcp eta phase, having a Widmanstätten pattern of laths, across grains and grain boundaries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ALLOYS -- Analysis
KW  - CHROMIUM carbide
KW  - SILICIDES
KW  - Analytical electron microscopy
KW  - Creep
KW  - Electron diffraction
KW  - Nickel alloys
KW  - Phase transformations
N1  - Accession Number: 13687741; Evans, N.D.; Email Address: evansnd@ornl.gov Maziasz, P.J. 1 Swindeman, R.W. 1 Smith, G.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, Building 5500 MS 6376, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6376, USA  2: Special Metals Corporation, Huntington, WV 25705, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p503; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ALLOYS -- Analysis; Subject Term: CHROMIUM carbide; Subject Term: SILICIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analytical electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Creep; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.05.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Larsson, C.
AU  - Clausen, B.
AU  - Holden, T.M.
AU  - Bourke, M.A.M.
T1  - Measurements and predictions of strain pole figures for uniaxially compressed stainless steel
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 571
EP  - 575
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Strain pole figures representative of residual intergranular strains were determined from an −2.98% uniaxially compressed austenitic stainless steel sample. The measurements were made using neutron diffraction on the recently commissioned Spectrometer for Materials Research at Temperature and Stress (SMARTS) at Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA. The measurements were compared with predictions from an elasto-plastic self-consistent model and found to be in good agreement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - MATERIALS -- Research
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - MAGNETIC measurements
KW  - Modeling
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Stainless steel
KW  - Strain pole figure
N1  - Accession Number: 13687754; Larsson, C.; Email Address: clarsson@cfl.rr.com Clausen, B. 1 Holden, T.M. 1 Bourke, M.A.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p571; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Research; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain pole figure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.05.030
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zangar, Richard C.
AU  - Davydov, Dmitri R.
AU  - Verma, Seema
T1  - Mechanisms that regulate production of reactive oxygen species by cytochrome P450
JO  - Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology
JF  - Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology
Y1  - 2004/09/15/
VL  - 199
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 316
EP  - 331
SN  - 0041008X
AB  - Mammalian cytochromes P450 (P450) are a family of heme-thiolate enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of endogenous and exogenous lipophilic compounds. Poor coupling of the P450 catalytic cycle results in continuous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which affects signaling pathways and other cellular functions. P450 generation of ROS is tightly controlled by regulation of gene transcription as well as by modulation of interactions between protein constituents of the monooxygenase that affects its activity, coupling, and stability. Malfunction of these mechanisms may result in a burst of ROS production, which can cause lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. In turn, oxidative stress downregulates P450 levels by a variety of feedback mechanisms. This review provides an overview of recent advances in our understanding of these feedback mechanisms that serve to limit P450 production of ROS. Some of the more likely physiological and cellular effects of P450 generation of ROS are also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cytochromes
KW  - Oxidative stress
KW  - Hydrogen peroxide
KW  - Lipids
KW  - 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (DDEP)
KW  - 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)
KW  - Cytochrome b5 (b5)
KW  - Cytochrome P450
KW  - Cytochrome P450 (P450)
KW  - Dihydroxy fatty acids (FA(OH)2)
KW  - Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
KW  - Fatty acid hydroperoxide (FAOOH)
KW  - High molecular mass (HMM)
KW  - Lipid peroxidation
KW  - Microsomal monooxygenase system (MMO)
KW  - Monohydroxy fatty acids (FAOH)
KW  - NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR)
KW  - Reactive oxygen species
KW  - Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
KW  - Review
KW  - Superoxide anion radical
KW  - Uncoupling
N1  - Accession Number: 14376817; Zangar, Richard C. 1; Email Address: richard.zangar@pnl.gov; Davydov, Dmitri R. 2; Verma, Seema 1; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas, Galveston TX 77555, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 199 Issue 3, p316; Subject Term: Cytochromes; Subject Term: Oxidative stress; Subject Term: Hydrogen peroxide; Subject Term: Lipids; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (DDEP); Author-Supplied Keyword: 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome b5 (b5); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome P450; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome P450 (P450); Author-Supplied Keyword: Dihydroxy fatty acids (FA(OH)2); Author-Supplied Keyword: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER); Author-Supplied Keyword: Fatty acid hydroperoxide (FAOOH); Author-Supplied Keyword: High molecular mass (HMM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Lipid peroxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microsomal monooxygenase system (MMO); Author-Supplied Keyword: Monohydroxy fatty acids (FAOH); Author-Supplied Keyword: NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR); Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive oxygen species; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive oxygen species (ROS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Review; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superoxide anion radical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncoupling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.taap.2004.01.018
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Borrok, D.
AU  - Fein, J.B.
AU  - Tischler, M.
AU  - O'Loughlin, E.
AU  - Meyer, H.
AU  - Liss, M.
AU  - Kemner, K.M.
T1  - The effect of acidic solutions and growth conditions on the adsorptive properties of bacterial surfaces
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/09/16/
VL  - 209
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
EP  - 119
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Data must be collected over a wide pH range to accurately model the adsorption of protons and metal onto bacterial surfaces; however, alterations in the structural and chemical properties of bacterial surfaces resulting from exposure to acidic solutions may affect the mechanisms of cation binding. Binding properties of bacteria may also be affected by nutrient and oxygen levels present during their growth. We measured Cd, Co, and Pb adsorption onto bacteria by using (1) bacteria washed with acidic solutions (pH≈1.5), (2) non-acid-washed bacteria exposed to acidic parent solutions, and (3) non-acid-washed bacteria exposed to neutral parent solutions. The purpose was to determine the effect of acidic conditions on the adsorptive properties of Pseudomonas mendocina, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus. We also measured Co adsorption onto bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) grown under nutrient-rich and nutrient-limited conditions and onto the facultative bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Bacteria exposed to acidic solutions adsorbed more metals than bacteria not exposed to such solutions. We attribute the increase in adsorption to the irreversible displacement of structurally bound Mg and Ca by protons. After displacement, the protonated sites can participate in reversible metal adsorption reactions. Thermodynamic modeling suggests that concentrations of functional group sites on bacterial surfaces increase by as much as five times in response to acid washing, assuming that stability constants for the bacterial surface complexes remain the same. Although the sizes of the bacteria changed markedly in response to nutrient limits and oxygen content during growth, the mass-normalized extent of Co adsorption onto both P. fluorescens and S. oneidensis MR-1 was independent of growth conditions. We conclude that adsorption constants derived from experiments in which the bacteria are never exposed to acidic conditions probably provide the most accurate estimates of the extent of bacteria–metal adsorption in natural settings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - BACTERIAL cell surfaces
KW  - BACTERIAL cell walls
KW  - Acid
KW  - Anaerobic
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Metals
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Surface complexation modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 13805688; Borrok, D. 1; Email Address: dborrok@nd.edu Fein, J.B. 1; Email Address: fein.1@nd.edu Tischler, M. 2,3; Email Address: Mtischler@ben.edu O'Loughlin, E. 3; Email Address: oloughlin@anl.gov Meyer, H. 3 Liss, M. 3 Kemner, K.M. 3; Email Address: kemner@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  2: Department of Biological Sciences, Benedictine University, 5700 College Road, Lisle, IL 60532, USA  3: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 209 Issue 1/2, p107; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: BACTERIAL cell surfaces; Subject Term: BACTERIAL cell walls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anaerobic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface complexation modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.04.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fleming, Graham R.
AU  - Scholes, Gregory D.
T1  - Physical chemistry: Quantum mechanics for plants.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/16/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7006
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
EP  - 257
SN  - 00280836
AB  - This article informs that plant use solar antennae to capture incident photons and transmit the excitation energy to reaction centres, where it is used to initiate the primary electron transfer reactions of photosynthesis. These antennae are one of nature's supreme examples of nanoscale engineering, and are constructed from specialized light-harvesting complexes formed of proteins that bind chlorophylls and carotenoids. More than 50 years ago, Theodore Forster described a method for calculating the rate of energy transfer between molecules from the overlap of the donor molecule's fluorescence spectrum and the acceptor molecule's absorption spectrum. The theory has had an enormous impact on biology, chemistry and physics. Collectively, high-resolution structural models, ultrafast spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations have helped to expose the complex and, in some cases, subtle relationships between structure and light-harvesting in photosynthetic systems.
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - PHOTOBIOLOGY
KW  - EFFECT of light on plants
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - CAROTENOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14411067; Fleming, Graham R. 1,2; Email Address: grfleming@lbl.gov Scholes, Gregory D. 3; Email Address: gscholes@chem.utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.; Source Info: 9/16/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7006, p256; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: PHOTOBIOLOGY; Subject Term: EFFECT of light on plants; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: CAROTENOIDS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/431256a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmutz, Jeremy
AU  - Martin, Joel
AU  - Terry, Astrid
AU  - Couronne, Olivier
AU  - Grimwood, Jane
AU  - Lowry, Steve
AU  - Gordon, Laurie A.
AU  - Scott, Duncan
AU  - Gary Xie
AU  - Wayne Huang
AU  - Hellsten, Uffe
AU  - Tran-Gyamfi, Mary
AU  - Xinwei She
AU  - Prabhakar, Shyam
AU  - Aerts, Andrea
AU  - Altherr, Michael
AU  - Bajorek, Eva
AU  - Black, Stacey
AU  - Branscomb, Elbert
AU  - Caoile, Chenier
T1  - The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/16/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7006
M3  - Article
SP  - 268
EP  - 274
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Chromosome 5 is one of the largest human chromosomes and contains numerous intrachromosomal duplications, yet it has one of the lowest gene densities. This is partially explained by numerous gene-poor regions that display a remarkable degree of noncoding conservation with non-mammalian vertebrates, suggesting that they are functionally constrained. In total, we compiled 177.7 million base pairs of highly accurate finished sequence containing 923 manually curated protein-coding genes including the protocadherin and interleukin gene families. We also completely sequenced versions of the large chromosome-5-specific internal duplications. These duplications are very recent evolutionary events and probably have a mechanistic role in human physiological variation, as deletions in these regions are the cause of debilitating disorders including spinal muscular atrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - DNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 14411040; Schmutz, Jeremy 1; Email Address: jeremy@shgc.stanford.edu Martin, Joel 2 Terry, Astrid 2 Couronne, Olivier 3 Grimwood, Jane 1 Lowry, Steve 2 Gordon, Laurie A. 2,4 Scott, Duncan 2 Gary Xie 2,5 Wayne Huang 2 Hellsten, Uffe 2 Tran-Gyamfi, Mary 2,4 Xinwei She 6 Prabhakar, Shyam 3 Aerts, Andrea 2 Altherr, Michael 2,5 Bajorek, Eva 1 Black, Stacey 1 Branscomb, Elbert 2,4 Caoile, Chenier 1; Affiliation:  1: Stanford Human Genome Center, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 975 California Ave, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA  2: DOE's Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Avenue, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA.  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  6: Department of Genetics, Center for Computational Genomics and Center for Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.; Source Info: 9/16/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7006, p268; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02919
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karliner, Marek
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
T1  - Why the is seen in some experiments and not in others—a possible explanation
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/09/16/
VL  - 597
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 313
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Abstract: The contradiction between evidence for and against the existence of the pentaquark might be resolved if it only appears as a result of a particular production mechanism which is present in some experiments and absent in others. We examine the implications of production via decay of a cryptoexotic resonance with a mass of about 2.4 GeV corresponding to a peak in the experimental data for the invariant mass of the () system. Further experimental checks are suggested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - OPTICAL resonance
KW  - MASS (Serials control system)
KW  - QUANTUM optics
N1  - Accession Number: 19298696; Karliner, Marek 1,2; Email Address: marek@proton.tau.ac.il Lipkin, Harry J. 2,3,4; Email Address: ftlipkin@clever.weizmann.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, UK  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel  3: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel  4: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 597 Issue 3/4, p309; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: OPTICAL resonance; Subject Term: MASS (Serials control system); Subject Term: QUANTUM optics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.07.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dong, X.
AU  - Esumi, S.
AU  - Sorensen, P.
AU  - Xu, N.
AU  - Xu, Z.
T1  - Resonance decay effects on anisotropy parameters
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/09/16/
VL  - 597
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 328
EP  - 332
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Abstract: We present the elliptic flow of pions produced from resonance decays. The transverse momentum spectra of the parent particles are taken from thermal model fits and their are fit under the assumption that they follow a number-of-constituent-quark (NCQ) scaling law expected from quark-coalescence models. The of pions from resonance particle decays is found to be similar to the measured pion . We also propose the measurement of electron as a means to extract open-charm and investigate whether a thermalized system of quasi-free quarks and gluons (a quark–gluon plasma) is created in collisions of Au nuclei at RHIC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Coalescence
KW  - Elliptic flow
KW  - Resonance decays
N1  - Accession Number: 19298699; Dong, X. 1,2; Email Address: xdong@lbl.gov Esumi, S. 3 Sorensen, P. 2 Xu, N. 2 Xu, Z. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China  2: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan  4: Physics Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 597 Issue 3/4, p328; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coalescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elliptic flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonance decays; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.06.110
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei, Yinan
AU  - Li, Huilin
AU  - Fu, Dax
T1  - Oligomeric State of the Escherichia coli Metal Transporter YiiP.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/17/
VL  - 279
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 39251
EP  - 39259
SN  - 00219258
AB  - YiiP is a 32.9-kDa metal transporter found in the plasma membrane of Escherichia coli (Chao, Y., and Fu, D. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 17173–17180). Here we report the determination of the YiiP oligomeric state in detergent-lipid micelles and in membranes. Molecular masses of YiiP solubilized with dodecyl-, undecyl-, decyl-, or nonyl-β-D-maltoside were measured directly using size-exclusion chromatography coupled with laser light-scattering photometry, yielding a mass distribution of YiiP homo-oligomers within a narrow range (68.0–68.8 kDa) that equals the predicted mass of a YiiP dimer within experimental error. The detergent-lipid masses associated with YiiP in the mixed micelles were found to increase from 135.5 to 232.6 kDa, with an apparent correlation with the alkyl chain length of the maltoside detergents. Cross-linking the detergent-solubilized YiiP with 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) resulted in a dimeric cross-linked product in an EDC concentration-dependent manner. The oligomeric state of the purified YiiP in reconstituted membranes was determined by electron microscopic analysis of two-dimensional YiiP crystals in negative stain. A projection structure calculated from measurable optical diffractions to 25 Å revealed a pseudo-2-fold symmetry within a molecular boundary of ∼75 × 40 Å, indicative of the presence of YiiP dimers in membranes. These data provide direct structural evidence for a dimeric association of YiiP both in detergent-lipid micelles and in the reconstituted lipid bilayer. The functional relevance of the dimeric association in YiiP is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - MICELLES
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - ESCHERICHIA
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14879832; Wei, Yinan 1 Li, Huilin 1 Fu, Dax 1; Email Address: dax@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 9/17/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 38, p39251; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: MICELLES; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M407044200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manchekar, Medha
AU  - Richardson, Paul E.
AU  - Fortell, Trudy M.
AU  - Datta, Geeta
AU  - Segrest, Jere P.
AU  - Dashti, Nassrin
T1  - Apolipoprotein B-containing Lipoprotein Particle Assembly.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/17/
VL  - 279
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 39757
EP  - 39766
SN  - 00219258
AB  - We previously proposed that the N-terminal 1000-residue bbaa1 domain of apolipoprotein B (apoB) forms a bulk lipid pocket homologous to that of lamprey lipovitellin. In support of this “lipid pocket” hypothesis, we demonstrated that apoB:1000 (residues 1–1000) is secreted by a stable transformant of McA-RH7777 cells as a monodisperse particle with high density lipoprotein 3 (HDL3) density. In contrast, apoB:931 (residues 1–931), missing only 69 residues of the sequence homologous to lipovitellin, was secreted as a particle considerably more dense than HDL3. In the present study we have determined the stoichiometry of the lipid component of the apoB:931 and apoB:1000 particles. The secreted [³H]-glycerol-labeled apoB:1000 particles, isolated by nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, contained 50 phospholipid (PL) and 11 triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules/particle. In contrast, apoB:931 particles contained only a few molecules of PL and were devoid of TAG. The unlabeled apoB:1000 particles, isolated by immunoaffinity chromatography, contained 56 PL, 8 TAG, and 7 cholesteryl ester molecules/particle. The surface to core lipid ratio of apoB:1000-containing particles was ∼4:1 and was not affected by oleate supplementation. Although very small amounts of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) were associated with apoB:1000 particles, it never approached a 1:1 molar ratio of MTP to apoB. These results support a model in which (i) the first 1000 amino acid residues of apoB are competent to complete the lipid pocket without a structural requirement for MTP; (ii) a portion, or perhaps all, of the amino acid residues between 931 and 1000 of apoB-100 are critical for the formation of a stable, bulk lipid-containing nascent lipoprotein particle, and (iii) the lipid pocket created by the first 1000 residues of apoB-100 is PL-rich, suggesting a small bilayer type organization and has a maximum capacity on the order of 50 molecules of phospholipid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEIN B
KW  - PHOSPHOLIPIDS
KW  - CELLS
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - DENATURING gradient gel electrophoresis
N1  - Accession Number: 14879893; Manchekar, Medha 1 Richardson, Paul E. 2,3 Fortell, Trudy M. 4 Datta, Geeta 1 Segrest, Jere P. 1,2 Dashti, Nassrin 1; Email Address: ndashti@uab.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine, Atherosclerosis Research Unit,  2: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35294  3: Department of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 9/17/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 38, p39757; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEIN B; Subject Term: PHOSPHOLIPIDS; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: DENATURING gradient gel electrophoresis; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs, 5 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M406302200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Hyunjung
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Effect of the temperature on the isotherm parameters of phenol in reversed-phase liquid chromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/09/17/
VL  - 1049
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 36
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Adsorption isotherm data of phenol from an aqueous solution of methanol onto a C18-bonded silica (Symmetry-C18) were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) at six different temperatures, in a wide concentration range. The non-linear fitting of these data provided the bi-Langmuir model as best isotherm model, a conclusion further supported by the results of the calculation of the affinity energy distribution (AED). The isotherm parameters were obtained using several methods, the fitting of FA isotherm data, the calculation of the AED, and the inverse method, that uses overloaded elution band profiles. The different values obtained are in close agreement. They allow a quantitative investigation of the separate properties of the low- and the high-energy sites on the adsorbent surface. Increasing the temperature decreases the saturation capacity of the low-energy adsorption sites and the adsorption constant of the high-energy sites. In contrast, increasing the temperature does not cause any significant changes in either the saturation capacity of the high-energy sites or the adsorption constant of the low-energy sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Phenol
KW  - Investigations
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Affinity energy distribution
KW  - Band profiles
KW  - Inverse method
KW  - Silica-based stationary phase
N1  - Accession Number: 14374310; Kim, Hyunjung 1; Gritti, Fabrice 1; Guiochon, Georges; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 1049 Issue 1/2, p25; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Phenol; Subject Term: Investigations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affinity energy distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inverse method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silica-based stationary phase; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.08.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Han, Jongyoon
AU  - Singh, Anup K.
T1  - Rapid protein separations in ultra-short microchannels: microchip sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/09/17/
VL  - 1049
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 209
SN  - 00219673
AB  - We have developed novel protein gel electrophoresis techniques, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) and isoelectric focusing (IEF) in short microchannels (∼millimeters) that take less than a minute. A photopatterning technique was used to cast in situ crosslinked polyacrylamide gel in a microchannel to perform SDS–PAGE. A fluorescent protein marker sample (Mr range of 20000–200000) was separated in less than 30s in less than 2mm of channel length. Crosslinked polyacrylamide gel, patterned in channels using UV light, provides higher sieving power and sample stacking effect, therefore yielding faster and higher-resolution separation in a chip. IEF of proteins was also achieved in a microchannel, and several proteins were focussed within tens of seconds in mm-length channels. As resolution in IEF is independent of separation distance, focusing in ultra-short channels results in not only faster separation but also more concentrated bands potentially allowing detection of low-concentration species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Protein fractionation
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Isoelectric focusing
KW  - Colloids
KW  - Microchip
KW  - Photopolymerization
KW  - Protein separation
KW  - SDS–PAGE
N1  - Accession Number: 14374330; Han, Jongyoon; Email Address: jyhan@mit.edu; Singh, Anup K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA; Issue Info: Sep2004, Vol. 1049 Issue 1/2, p205; Subject Term: Protein fractionation; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Isoelectric focusing; Subject Term: Colloids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microchip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photopolymerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: SDS–PAGE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.08.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nellist, P. D.
AU  - Chisholm, M. F.
AU  - Dellby, N.
AU  - Krivanek, O. L.
AU  - Murfitt, M. F.
AU  - Szilagyi, Z. S.
AU  - Lupini, A. R.
AU  - Borisevich, A.
AU  - Sides Jr., W. H.
AU  - Pennycook, S. J.
T1  - Direct Sub-Angstrom Imaging of a Crystal Lattice.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/09/17/
VL  - 305
IS  - 5691
M3  - Article
SP  - 1741
EP  - 1741
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - This article reports that achieving sub-angstrom imaging has been a long-standing goal for electron microscopy. Improved resolution allows not only a wider range of materials to be imaged, but also allows each material to be imaged in several possible orientations. Underfocusing the main imaging lens can also partially compensate for the existence of spherical aberration, but the images recorded are similarly highly delocalized and contain low signal strength. Previous evidence of a sub-angstrom point spread function from a scanning, with apparent spots in a Fourier transform and an intensity profile of a single atom, is not unambiguous because such measurements are sensitive to errors due to noise, instabilities in the microscope, and incorrect adjustment of the detector black level.
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - FOURIER transform optics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ERRORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14576444; Nellist, P. D. 1 Chisholm, M. F. 2 Dellby, N. 1 Krivanek, O. L. 1 Murfitt, M. F. 1 Szilagyi, Z. S. 1 Lupini, A. R. 2 Borisevich, A. 2 Sides Jr., W. H. 2 Pennycook, S. J. 2; Email Address: pennycooksj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Nion Company, 1102 8th Street, Kirkland, WA 98033, USA.  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6030, USA.; Source Info: 9/17/2004, Vol. 305 Issue 5691, p1741; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: FOURIER transform optics; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ERRORS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 915
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, X. B.
AU  - Wang, J. Y.
AU  - Zhang, C. Q.
AU  - Xu, X. G.
AU  - Chun-Keung Loong
AU  - Grimsditch, Marcos
T1  - Raman study of phonons in K2Al2B2O7 crystals.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 85
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2241
EP  - 2243
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A Raman scattering study of the vibrational modes in K2Al2B2O7 crystals has been performed at room temperature. The vibrational modes are classified by the nuclear site group analysis method and the internal vibrational modes are assigned to vibrations of the BO3 triangle and AlO4 tetrahedron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14546707; Hu, X. B. 1; Email Address: xbhu@sdu.edu.cn Wang, J. Y. 1 Zhang, C. Q. 1 Xu, X. G. 1 Chun-Keung Loong 2 Grimsditch, Marcos 2; Affiliation:  1: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 9/20/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 12, p2241; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1786661
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin Tan
AU  - Dehong Hu
AU  - Squier, Thomas C.
AU  - Lu, H. Peter
T1  - Probing nanosecond protein motions of calmodulin by single-molecule fluorescence anisotropy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 85
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2420
EP  - 2422
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report a single-molecule fluorescence anisotropy study of calmodulin, a regulatory protein for calcium-dependent cell signaling. Calmodulin in this study contains a site-specifically inserted tetra-cysteine motif that reacted with FlAsH, a biarsenic fluorescein derivative that can be rotationally locked to the host protein. A photon time-stamping technique was employed that combined the capability for both subnanosecond time resolution of time-correlated single photon counting and single-molecule time trajectory recording. The study provided direct characterization of the nanosecond motions of calmodulin tethered to a biologically compatible surface under physiological buffer solution. The unique technical approaches are applicable to single-molecule study of protein conformational dynamics and protein-protein interactions at a wide range of time scales and without the signal convolution of probe-dye molecular motions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALMODULIN
KW  - CALCIUM-binding proteins
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - PROTEIN-protein interactions
KW  - MOLECULAR association
N1  - Accession Number: 14546645; Xin Tan 1 Dehong Hu 1 Squier, Thomas C. 1 Lu, H. Peter 1; Email Address: peter.lu@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 9/20/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 12, p2420; Subject Term: CALMODULIN; Subject Term: CALCIUM-binding proteins; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: PROTEIN-protein interactions; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791329
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boukhalfa, Hakim
AU  - Reilly, Sean D.
AU  - Smith, Wayne H.
AU  - Neu, Mary P.
T1  - EDTA and Mixed-Ligand Complexes of Tetravalent and Trivalent Plutonium.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 43
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5816
EP  - 5823
SN  - 00201669
AB  - A forms stable complexes with plutonium that are integral to nuclear material processing, radionuclide decontamination, and the potentially enhanced transport of environmental contamination. To characterize the aqueous Pu4+/3+EDTA species formed under the wide range of conditions of these processes, potentiometry, spectrophotometry, and cyclic voltammetry were used to measure solution equilibria. The results reveal new EDTA and mixed-ligand complexes and provide more accurate stability constants for previously identified species. In acidic solution (pH < 4) and at 1:1 ligand to metal ratio, PuY (where Y4- is the tetra-anion of EDTA) is the predominant species, with an overall formation constant of log β110 = 26.44. At higher pH, the hydrolysis species, PuY(OH)- and PuY(OH)22-, form with the corresponding overall stability constants log β11-1 = 21.95 and log β11-2 = 15.29. The redox potential of the complex PuY at pH = 2.3 was determined to be E½ 342 mV. The correlation between redox potential, pH, and the protonation state of PuY- was derived to estimate the redox potential of the Pu4+/3+Y complex as a function of pH. Under conditions of neutral pH and excess EDTA relative to Pu4+, PuY24- forms with an overall formation constant of log β120 = 35.39. In the presence of ancillary ligands, mixed-ligand complexes form, as exemplified by the citrate and carbonate complexes PuY(citrate)3- (log β1101 = 33.45) and PuY(carbonate)2- (log β1101 = 35.51). Cyclic voltammetry shows irreversible electrochemical behavior for these coordinatively saturated Pu4+ complexes: The reduction wave is shifted approximately -400 mV from the reduction wave of the complex PuY, while the oxidation wave is invariant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC acid
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14584257; Boukhalfa, Hakim 1 Reilly, Sean D. 1 Smith, Wayne H. 1 Neu, Mary P. 1; Email Address: mneu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544; Source Info: 9/20/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 19, p5816; Subject Term: ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC acid; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic035484p
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bunge, Scott D.
AU  - Boyle, Timothy J.
AU  - Pratt III, Harry D.
AU  - Alam, Todd M.
AU  - Rodriguez, Mark A.
T1  - Synthesis and Characterization of a Series of Rubidium Alkoxides and Rubidium-Titanium Double Alkoxides.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 43
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 6035
EP  - 6041
SN  - 00201669
AB  - This report investigates the structural aspects of the products isolated from the reactions of a series of titanium alkoxides [[Ti(OR)4]n n = 2, OR = OCH2C(CH3)3 (ONep) (1); n = 1, OC6H3(CH3)2-2,6 (DMP) (2)] with rubidium alkoxides [[Rb(OR)]∞ where OR = (ONep) (3), (DMP) (4), and OC6H3(CH(CH3)2)2-2,6 (DIP) (5)]. The resultant double alkoxides were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction to be [Rb(µ-ONep)4(py)Ti(ONep)]2 (6), [Rb(µ-DMP)Ti(DMP)4]∞ (7), and [Rb(µ-DMP)2(µ-ONep)2Ti(ONep)]∞ (8).Compound 1 is the previously reported dinculear species with trigonal bipyramidal Ti metal centers whereas compound 2 is a monomer with a tetrahedral Ti center. Suitable X-ray quality crystals of 3 were not isolated. Compounds 4 and 5 demonstrate extended polymeric networks with Rb coordination ranging from two to five utilizing terminal µ- and µ3-OR ligands and π-interactions of neighboring OAr ligands. The double alkoxide 6 revealed a simple tetranuclear structure with µ-ONep acting as the bridge, terminal ONep ligands on the Ti, and one terminal py on the Rb. For 7 and 8, the π-interaction facilitated the formation of extended polymeric systems. All complexes were further characterized by FT-IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUBIDIUM
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - ALKOXIDES
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14584280; Bunge, Scott D. 1 Boyle, Timothy J. 1; Email Address: tjboyle@Sandia.gov Pratt III, Harry D. 1 Alam, Todd M. 1 Rodriguez, Mark A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Advanced Materials Laboratory, 1001 University Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106; Source Info: 9/20/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 19, p6035; Subject Term: RUBIDIUM; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: ALKOXIDES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic049325x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - VETTER, PAUL A.
T1  - EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF FUNDAMENTAL SYMMETRIES IN POSITRONIUM ANNIHILATION.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 19
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 3865
EP  - 3878
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Using the Gammasphere array of high-purity germanium detectors at the 88" Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, we have made several measurements to test discrete fundamental symmetries in positronium annihilation. We tested charge conjugation symmetry (C) by searching for decays of ortho- and para-positronium to the "wrong" number of photons. We measured the five-photon annihilation mode of ortho-positronium, finding agreement with tree-level QED calculations at order α8. In a second experiment, we searched for decays of polarized ortho-positronium which violate the combined symmetry operation CPT. We improved existing limits on this CPT test by roughly a factor of ten. We are studying the feasibility of an experiment to search for "invisible" decays of ortho-positronium. Invisible decays could be caused by extra dimensions (invoked in string theories). General requirements for an experiment sensitive to decay branching ratios of order 10-9 are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POSITRONIUM
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - POSITRON annihilation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - annihilation
KW  - CPT tests
KW  - Positronium
N1  - Accession Number: 14635489; VETTER, PAUL A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 9/20/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 23, p3865; Subject Term: POSITRONIUM; Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: POSITRON annihilation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: annihilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CPT tests; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positronium; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipnikov, Konstantin
AU  - Morel, Jim
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail
T1  - Mimetic finite difference methods for diffusion equations on non-orthogonal non-conformal meshes
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 199
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 589
EP  - 597
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Mimetic discretizations based on the support-operators methodology are derived for non-orthogonal locally refined quadrilateral meshes. The second-order convergence rate on non-smooth meshes is verified with numerical examples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE differences
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - Diffusion equation
KW  - Mimetic finite differences
KW  - Quadrilateral meshes
N1  - Accession Number: 14315027; Lipnikov, Konstantin 1; Email Address: lipnikov@lanl.gov Morel, Jim 2; Email Address: jim@lanl.gov Shashkov, Mikhail 1; Email Address: shashkov@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Computer and Computational Sciences Division, CCS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D409, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 199 Issue 2, p589; Subject Term: FINITE differences; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mimetic finite differences; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quadrilateral meshes; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.02.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, R.W.
AU  - Elliott, N.S.
AU  - Pember, R.B.
T1  - An arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method with adaptive mesh refinement for the solution of the Euler equations
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 199
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 598
EP  - 617
SN  - 00219991
AB  - A new algorithm that combines staggered grid arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) techniques with structured local adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) has been developed for the solution of the Euler equations. The novel components of the method are driven by the need to reconcile traditional AMR techniques with the staggered variables and moving, deforming meshes associated with Lagrange based ALE schemes. Interlevel coupling is achieved with refinement and coarsening operators, as well as mesh motion boundary conditions. Elliptic mesh relaxation schemes are extended for use within the context of an adaptive mesh hierarchy. Numerical examples are used to highlight the utility of the method over single level ALE solution methods, facilitating substantial efficiency improvements and enabling the efficient solution of a highly resolved three-dimensional Richtmyer–Meshkov instability problem. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALE
KW  - MALT liquors
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EQUATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14315028; Anderson, R.W.; Email Address: anderson110@llnl.gov Elliott, N.S. 1 Pember, R.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 199 Issue 2, p598; Subject Term: ALE; Subject Term: MALT liquors; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424810 Beer and Ale Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413220 Alcoholic beverage merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312120 Breweries; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.02.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Hove
AU  - M. A.
T1  - Enhanced Vibrations at Surfaces with Back-Bonds Nearly Parallel to the Surface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 108
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 14265
EP  - 14269
SN  - 15206106
AB  - It has been discovered that several very different surfaces exhibit a common property:  unusually large vibration amplitudes of the outermost atoms, well beyond the enhancement normally expected at typical clean surfaces. These special surfaces are ice H2O(0001), α-Al2O3(0001), α-Ga(010), and Si(111)-(2×1). The root-mean-square vibration amplitudes in these surfaces are at least double the bulk values. The common cause that may explain these vibration amplitudes is that the surface atoms (or molecules in the case of ice) only have back-bonds that are nearly parallel to the surface. In this geometry, vibrations, especially perpendicular to the surface, involve primarily bond bending rather than bond stretching/compression:  since bond bending is relatively soft, the corresponding vibration modes can have larger amplitudes. It is suggested that theory examine and confirm this cause of enhanced surface vibration amplitudes and explore its implications for other phenomena such as adsorption and catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 15239168; Van Hove M. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 108 Issue 38, p14265; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feibelman
AU  - P. J.
AU  - Alavi
AU  - A.
T1  - Entropy of H2O Wetting Layers.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 108
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 14362
EP  - 14367
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Proton order is less constrained in a fully H-bonded, adsorbed H2O monolayer than in bulk ice. Thus, though weakly, configurational entropy favors wetting by deposited H2O over formation of 3-D crystalline mounds. A Pauling-type estimate yields a 0 K adlayer entropy of ~1/2kB ln(9/2), almost twice that of ice Ih. Thus, at 150 K, where periodic adlayers on metals are observed, residual entropy reduces their free energies relative to a 3-D ice crystal by 4.5 meV/molecule, or ~3% of the cost of the adlayers' broken H-bonds. A Debye model implies that vibrational entropy contributes no more than another 4.4 meV/molecule to the free energy preference for wetting, at 150 K. This information, though only a bound because of substantial uncertainty in measured adlayer Debye temperatures, is nonetheless sufficient to conclude that T = 0 K energies dominate the free energy balance between wetting and mound formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTROPY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - ERGODIC theory
N1  - Accession Number: 15239182; Feibelman P. J. 1 Alavi A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1413 and Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 108 Issue 38, p14362; Subject Term: ENTROPY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Subject Term: ERGODIC theory; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thiel
AU  - P. A.
AU  - Evans
AU  - J. W.
T1  - Energetic Parameters for Atomic-Scale Processes on Ag(100).
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 108
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 14428
EP  - 14433
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Key energetic parameters that control growth and mass transport in clean Ag films and nanostructures on Ag(100) are compiled. These parameters have been derived from a number of different types of experiments, and from increasingly refined lattice-gas modeling, over several years. The modeling based upon these parameters appears to have good predictive capability in the temperature range 120-300 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - COLD (Temperature)
KW  - LOW temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 15239190; Thiel P. A. 1 Evans J. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Mathematics, and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 108 Issue 38, p14428; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: COLD (Temperature); Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang
AU  - M.
AU  - Chou
AU  - K. C.
AU  - Somorjai
AU  - G. A.
T1  - The Structures and Reactions of Linear and Cyclic C6 Hydrocarbons Adsorbed on the Pt(111) Crystal Surface Studied by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy:  Pressure, Temperature, and H2 Coadsorption Effects.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 108
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 14766
EP  - 14779
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We studied the adsorption structures and reactions of C6 hydrocarbon molecules (cyclohexene, cyclohexane, 1-methylcyclohexene, n-hexane, 2- and 3-methylpentanes, and 1-hexene) on Pt(111) using sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. The experiments were performed in the presence and absence of excess hydrogen and as a function of temperature. Upon cyclohexene adsorption on Pt(111) at 1.5 Torr, 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexadienes and π-allyl C6H9 were observed in the presence of excess hydrogen. Cyclohexane adsorption at 1.5 Torr resulted in the formation of cyclohexyl on the surface in the presence of excess hydrogen but π-allyl C6H9 in absence of excess hydrogen. 1-Methylcyclohexene formed methylcyclohexenyl on the surface only in the presence of excess hydrogen. n-Hexane and 3-methylpentane adsorbed molecularly on Pt(111) at 296 K in the presence of excess hydrogen. 2-Methylpentane and 1-hexene were readily dehydrogenated to form metallacyclobutane and hexylidyne even at 296 K, regardless of the presence of excess hydrogen. n-Hexane was dehydrogenated to form hexylidyne or metallacyclic species at high temperature in the presence of excess hydrogen. Hexylidyne and metallacyclic species were also main surface intermediates in dehydrogenation of 2- and 3-methylpentane. The absence of excess hydrogen induced dehydrocyclization of n-hexane to form π-allyl c-C6H9. On the basis of the SFG results, the mechanism of the n-hexane conversion to benzene is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - ORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15239238; Yang M. 1 Chou K. C. 1 Somorjai G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 108 Issue 38, p14766; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: ORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sallé, Béatrice
AU  - Lacour, Jean-Luc
AU  - Vors, Evelyne
AU  - Fichet, Pascal
AU  - Maurice, Sylvestre
AU  - Cremers, David A.
AU  - Wiens, Roger C.
T1  - Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Mars surface analysis: capabilities at stand-off distances and detection of chlorine and sulfur elements
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2004/09/20/
VL  - 59
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1413
EP  - 1422
SN  - 05848547
AB  - An international consortium is studying the feasibility of performing in situ geochemical analysis of Mars soils and rocks at stand-off distances up to several meters using the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technique. Stand-off analysis for Martian exploration imposes particular requirements on instrumentation, and it is necessary to first test the performance of such a system in the laboratory. In this paper, we test the capabilities of two different experimental setups. The first one is dedicated to the qualitative analysis of metals and rocks at distances between 3 and 12 m. With the second one, we have obtained quantitative results for aluminum alloys and developed a spectral database under Martian conditions for sulfur and chlorine, two elements that are geologically interesting but generally difficult to detect by LIBS under standard conditions (atmospheric pressure, close distance). These studies were carried out to determine an optimal instrumental design for in situ Mars analysis. The quality of analytical results affected by the optical elements and spectrometer has been particularly highlighted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALS
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
KW  - ROCKS
KW  - CHLORINE
KW  - Chlorine
KW  - Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
KW  - Mars elemental analysis
KW  - Metals
KW  - Rocks
KW  - Sulfur
N1  - Accession Number: 14430303; Sallé, Béatrice 1 Lacour, Jean-Luc 1 Vors, Evelyne 1 Fichet, Pascal 1; Email Address: fichet@carnac.cea.fr Maurice, Sylvestre 2 Cremers, David A. 3 Wiens, Roger C. 4; Affiliation:  1: CEA Saclay, DEN/DPC/SCP/LRSI, Batiment 391, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France  2: Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group C-ADI, MS J565, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Group ISR-1, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 59 Issue 9, p1413; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; Subject Term: ROCKS; Subject Term: CHLORINE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mars elemental analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rocks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325181 Alkali and chlorine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sab.2004.06.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14430303&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Özçelik, Süleyman
AU  - Güvenç, Ziya B.
AU  - Durmuş, Perihan
AU  - Jellinek, Julius
T1  - Reactivity of the <f>Nin(T)</f> (<f>n=54,55,56</f>) clusters with <f>D2(v,j)</f> molecule: molecular dynamics simulations
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/09/20/Sep2004 Part 1
VL  - 566-568
M3  - Article
SP  - 377
EP  - 382
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The reactive channel of the <f>D2(v,j)+Nin(T)</f> (<f>n=54,55,56</f>) collision system is studied via quasiclassical molecular dynamics simulations. The cluster is described using an embedded-atom potential, and the interaction between the molecule and the cluster is modeled by a LEPS (London-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato) potential energy function. Dissociative chemisorption probabilities are computed as functions of the impact parameter and the collision energy, and are used to evaluate the reaction cross-sections. Effects of the initial rovibrational states of the molecule and the temperatures of the clusters on the reactive channel are analyzed. Reaction rate constants are also computed and compared with those measured experimentally. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Clusters
KW  - Deuterium
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Molecule–solid reactions
KW  - Nickel
N1  - Accession Number: 14708846; Özçelik, Süleyman 1; Email Address: sozcelik@gazi.edu.tr Güvenç, Ziya B. 2; Email Address: guvenc@cankaya.edu.tr Durmuş, Perihan 1 Jellinek, Julius 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, 06500 Ankara, Turkey  2: Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Çankaya University, 06530 Ankara, Turkey  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Sep2004 Part 1, Vol. 566-568, p377; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clusters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecule–solid reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.05.074
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14708846&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spieler, Helmuth
T1  - Imaging detectors and electronics—a view of the future
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/09/21/
VL  - 531
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Imaging sensors and readout electronics have made tremendous strides in the past two decades. The application of modern semiconductor fabrication techniques and the introduction of customized monolithic integrated circuits have made large-scale imaging systems routine in high-energy physics. This technology is now finding its way into other areas, such as space missions, synchrotron light sources, and medical imaging. I review current developments and discuss the promise and limits of new technologies. Several detector systems are described as examples of future trends. The discussion emphasizes semiconductor detector systems, but I also include recent developments for large-scale superconducting detector arrays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - SCANNING systems
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC imaging
KW  - 29.40.-n
KW  - Bolometers
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Imaging
KW  - Noise
KW  - Radiation detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 14433265; Spieler, Helmuth 1; Email Address: hgspieler@LBL.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 50B-6222, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 531 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.40.-n; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bolometers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.070
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14433265&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mueller, Rachel Lockridge
AU  - Macey, J. Robert
AU  - Jaekel, Martin
AU  - Waket, David B.
AU  - Boore, Jeffrey L.
T1  - Morphological homoplasy, life history evolution, and historical biogeography of plethodontid salamanders inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/09/21/
VL  - 101
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 13820
EP  - 13825
SN  - 00278424
AB  - The evolutionary history of the largest salamander family (Plethodontidae) is characterized by extreme morphological homoplasy. Analysis of the mechanisms generating such homoplasy requires an independent molecular phylogeny. To this end, we sequenced 24 complete mitochondrial genomes (22 plethodontids and two outgroup taxa), added data for three species from GenBank, and performed partitioned and unpartitioned Bayesian, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony phylogenetic analyses. We explored four dataset partitioning strategies to account for evolutionary process heterogeneity among genes and codon positions, all of which yielded increased model likelihoods and decreased numbers of supported nodes in the topologies (Bayesian posterior probability >0.95) relative to the unpartitioned analysis. Our phylogenetic analyses yielded congruent trees that contrast with the traditional morphology-based taxonomy; the monophyly of three of four major groups is rejected. Reanalysis of current hypotheses in light of these evolutionary relationships suggests that (i) a larval life history stage reevolved from a direct-developing ancestor multiple times; (ii) there is no phylogenetic support for the "Out of Appalachia" hypothesis of plethodontid origins; and (iii) novel scenarios must be reconstructed for the convergent evolution of projectile tongues, reduction in toe number, and specialization for defensive tail loss. Some of these scenarios imply morphological transformation series that proceed in the opposite direction than was previously thought. In addition, they suggest surprising evolutionary lability in traits previously interpreted to be conservative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - HEREDITY
KW  - SALAMANDERS
KW  - LUNGLESS salamanders
N1  - Accession Number: 14719672; Mueller, Rachel Lockridge 1,2,3; Email Address: rachel@socrates.berkeley.edu Macey, J. Robert 1,3 Jaekel, Martin 1,3 Waket, David B. 1,2 Boore, Jeffrey L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3160.  2: Department of Integrative Biology, 3060 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3160.  3: Evolutionary Genomics Department, Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598.; Source Info: 9/21/2001, Vol. 101 Issue 38, p13820; Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: HEREDITY; Subject Term: SALAMANDERS; Subject Term: LUNGLESS salamanders; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0405785101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chain, P. S. G.
AU  - Carniel, E.
AU  - Larimer, F. W.
AU  - Lamerdin, J.
AU  - Stoutland, P. O.
AU  - Regala, W. M.
AU  - Georgescu, A. M.
AU  - Vergez, L. M.
AU  - Land, M. L.
AU  - Motin, V. L.
AU  - Brubaker, R. R.
AU  - Fowler, J.
AU  - Hinnebusch, J.
AU  - Marceau, M.
AU  - Medigue, C.
AU  - Simonet, M.
AU  - Chenal-francisque, V.
AU  - Souza, B.
AU  - Dacheux, D.
AU  - Elliott, J. M.
T1  - Insight into the evolution Yersinia pestis through whole-genome comparison with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/09/21/
VL  - 101
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 13826
EP  - 13831
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is a highly uniform clone that diverged recently from the enteric pathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Despite their close genetic relationship, they differ radically in their pathogenicity and transmission. Here, we report the complete genomic sequence of Y. pseudotuberculosis IP32953 and its use for detailed genome comparisons with available Y. pestis sequences. Analyses of identified differences across a panel of Yersinia isolates from around the world reveal 32 Y. pestis chromosomal genes that, together with the two Y. pestis-specific plasmids, to our knowledge, represent the only new genetic material in Y. pestis acquired since the the divergence from Y. pseudotuberculosis. In contrast, 149 other pseudogenes (doubling the previous estimate) and 317 genes absent from Y. pestis were detected, indicating that as many as 13% of Y. pseudotuberculosis genes no longer function in Y. pestis. Extensive insertion sequence-mediated genome rearrangements and reductive evolution through massive gene loss, resulting in elimination and modification of preexisting gene expression pathways, appear to be more important than acquisition of genes in the evolution of Y. pestis. These results provide a sobering example of how a highly virulent epidemic clone can suddenly emerge from a less virulent, closely related progenitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS
KW  - HEREDITY
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - EPIDEMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14719673; Chain, P. S. G. 1 Carniel, E. 2 Larimer, F. W. 3 Lamerdin, J. 1 Stoutland, P. O. 1 Regala, W. M. 1 Georgescu, A. M. 1 Vergez, L. M. 1 Land, M. L. Motin, V. L. 1 Brubaker, R. R. 4 Fowler, J. 5 Hinnebusch, J. Marceau, M. 6 Medigue, C. 7 Simonet, M. 6 Chenal-francisque, V. 2 Souza, B. 1 Dacheux, D. 2 Elliott, J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550.  2: Yersinia Research Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831.  4: Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT 59840.  5: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Ml 48824.  6: Institut National de Ia Sante et de la Recherche Médicale E0364, Université de Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59021 Lille, France.  7: Genoscope/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Unité Mixte de Recherche 8030, 91006 Evry Cedex, France.; Source Info: 9/21/2001, Vol. 101 Issue 38, p13826; Subject Term: PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; Subject Term: HEREDITY; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: EPIDEMICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0404012101
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14719673&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rothfork, Jacob M.
AU  - Timmins, Graham S.
AU  - Harris, Michael S.
AU  - Xian Chen
AU  - Lusis, Aldons J.
AU  - Otto, Michael
AU  - Cheung, Ambrose L.
AU  - Gresham, Hattie D.
T1  - Inactivation of a bacterial virulence pheromone by phagocyte-derived oxidants: New role for the NADPH oxidase in host defense.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/09/21/
VL  - 101
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 13867
EP  - 13872
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Quorum sensing triggers virulence factor expression in medically important bacterial pathogens in response to a density-dependent increase in one or more autoinducing pheromones. Here, we show that phagocyte-derived oxidants target these autoinducers for inactivation as an innate defense mechanism of the host. In a skin infection model, expression of phagocyte NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase, or inducible nitric oxide synthase was critical for defense against a quorum-sensing pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, but not for defense against a quorum sensing-deficient mutant. A virulence-inducing peptide of S. aureus was inactivated in vitro and in vivo by reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates, including HOCl and ONOO-. Inactivation of the autoinducer prevented both the up-regulation of virulence gene expression and the downstream sequelae. MS analysis of the inactivated peptide demonstrated that oxidation of the C-terminal methionine was primarily responsible for loss of activity. Treatment of WT but not NADPH oxidase-deficient mice with N-acetyl methionine to scavenge the inhibitory oxidants increased in vivo quorum sensing independently of the bacterial burden at the site of infection. Thus, oxidant-mediated inactivation of an autoinducing peptide from S. aureus is a critical innate defense mechanism against infection with this pathogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - PHAGOCYTES
KW  - IMMUNE system
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - METHIONINE
KW  - PEPTIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 14719680; Rothfork, Jacob M. 1,2 Timmins, Graham S. 3 Harris, Michael S. 4 Xian Chen 4 Lusis, Aldons J. 5 Otto, Michael 6 Cheung, Ambrose L. 7 Gresham, Hattie D. 1,2; Email Address: hgresham@salud.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Research Service, Albuquerque Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM 87108.  2: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131.  3: College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131.  4: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.  5: Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095.  6: Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840.  7: Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755.; Source Info: 9/21/2001, Vol. 101 Issue 38, p13867; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: PHAGOCYTES; Subject Term: IMMUNE system; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: METHIONINE; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0402996101
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14719680&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gopalan, Gayathri
AU  - He, Zengyong
AU  - Baimer, Yves
AU  - Romano, Patrick
AU  - Gupta, Rajeev
AU  - Héroux, Annie
AU  - Buchanan, Bob B.
AU  - Swaminathan, Kunchithapadam
AU  - Luan, Sheng
T1  - Structural analysis uncovers a role for redox in regulating FKBP13, an immunophilin of the chloroplast thylakoid lumen .
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/09/21/
VL  - 101
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 13945
EP  - 13950
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Change in redox status has long been known to link light to the posttranslational regulation of chloroplast enzymes. So far, studies have been conducted primarily with thioredoxin-linked members of the stroma that function in a broad array of biosynthetic and degradatory processes. Consequently, little is known about the role of redox in regulating the growing number of enzymes found to occur in the lumen, the site of oxygen evolution in thylakoid membranes. To help fill this gap, we have studied AtFKBP13, an FKBP-type immunophilin earlier shown to interact with a redox-active protein of the lumen, and found the enzyme to contain a pair of disulfide bonds in x-ray structural studies. These disulfides, which in protein mutagenesis experiments were shown to be essential for the associated peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity, are unique to chloroplast FKBPs and are absent in animal and yeast counterparts. Both disulfide bonds were redox-active and were reduced by thioredoxin from either chloroplast or bacterial sources in a reaction that led to loss of enzyme activity. The results suggest a previously unrecognized paradigm for redox regulation in chloroplasts in which activation by light is achieved in concert with oxygen evolution by the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups (conversion of SH to S--S). Such a mechanism, occurring in the thylakoid lumen, is in direct contrast to regulation of enzymes in the stroma, where reduction of disulfides targeted by thioredoxin (S--S converted to SH) leads to an increase in activity in the light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - CHLOROPLASTS
KW  - THIOREDOXIN
KW  - ISOMERASES
KW  - THYLAKOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14719693; Gopalan, Gayathri 1 He, Zengyong 2 Baimer, Yves 2 Romano, Patrick 2 Gupta, Rajeev 2 Héroux, Annie 3 Buchanan, Bob B. 2 Swaminathan, Kunchithapadam 1,4; Email Address: dbsks@nus.edu.sg Luan, Sheng 2; Email Address: sluan@nature.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260.  2: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 111 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.  4: Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61, Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673.; Source Info: 9/21/2001, Vol. 101 Issue 38, p13945; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: CHLOROPLASTS; Subject Term: THIOREDOXIN; Subject Term: ISOMERASES; Subject Term: THYLAKOIDS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0405240101
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14719693&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vanossi, Andrea
AU  - Bishop, Alan R.
AU  - Franchini, Anna
AU  - Bortolani, Virginio
T1  - Modelling study of microscopic sliding on irregular substrates
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/09/21/Sep2004 Part 2
VL  - 566-568
M3  - Article
SP  - 816
EP  - 820
SN  - 00396028
AB  - In connection with microscopic solid friction phenomena, we study the underdamped dynamics of a driven Frenkel–Kontorova chain subject to a substrate potential defined by the sum of two sinusoidal function with different periodicity. We simulate microscopic sliding over quasiperiodic and multiple-well (periodic) substrates. We comment on the nature of the particle dynamics in the vicinity of the pinning–depinning transition point and consider the role played by the coverage variable on the depinning mechanism. We also investigate on the different nonlinear excitations forming during sliding and characterizing the dynamical states observed at different strengths of the imposed driving. The dependence of the static friction on the ratio of the model interaction strengths is analyzed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - STATICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - Atomistic dynamics
KW  - Friction
KW  - Models of non-linear phenomena
KW  - Tribology
N1  - Accession Number: 14708679; Vanossi, Andrea 1 Bishop, Alan R. 2 Franchini, Anna 1; Email Address: franchini.anna@unimore.it Bortolani, Virginio 1; Affiliation:  1: INFM-S3 e Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41100 Modena, Italy  2: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004 Part 2, Vol. 566-568, p816; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: STATICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomistic dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of non-linear phenomena; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tribology; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14708679&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cox, E.J.
AU  - Ledieu, J.
AU  - Dhanak, V.R.
AU  - Barrett, S.D.
AU  - Jenks, C.J.
AU  - Fisher, I.
AU  - McGrath, R.
T1  - An STM and SXPS study of the interaction of C60 with the ten-fold surface of the Al72Ni11Co17 quasicrystal
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/09/21/Sep2004 Part 2
VL  - 566-568
M3  - Article
SP  - 1200
EP  - 1205
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The adsorption of C60 on the ten-fold surface of the decagonal Al–Ni–Co quasicrystal at room temperature has been investigated using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and soft X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (SXPS). STM indicates disordered adsorption of intact C60 molecules on the surface up to a coverage of 1 ML, followed by the formation of a C60 multilayer. No step decoration is observed indicating that the molecules are immobile at room temperature. SXPS data of the Al 2p core level indicate a strong interaction of the C60 molecules with the Al atoms of the substrate in the sub-monolayer regime. Valence band data indicate that the C60 multilayer desorbs after annealing to 700 K leaving only the strongly bonded layer on the surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - Alloys
KW  - and topography
KW  - Fullerenes
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
KW  - Surface structure
N1  - Accession Number: 14708757; Cox, E.J. 1 Ledieu, J. 1 Dhanak, V.R. 1 Barrett, S.D. 1 Jenks, C.J. 2 Fisher, I. 2 McGrath, R. 1; Email Address: mcgrath@liv.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Surface Science Research Centre, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Sep2004 Part 2, Vol. 566-568, p1200; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fullerenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, Guangfeng
AU  - Fast, Jerome D.
T1  - Modeling the effects of VOC and NOX emission sources on ozone formation in Houston during the TexAQS 2000 field campaign
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 38
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5071
EP  - 5085
SN  - 13522310
AB  - A meteorological and chemical modeling system is used to determine the effect of ethene and propene point source emission rates on the magnitude and distribution of ozone in the vicinity of Houston. The model performance is evaluated using surface and airborne meteorological and chemical measurements made as part of the 2000 Texas Air Quality Study. A simulation that employed the reported mobile, area, biogenic, and point source emissions produced ozone mixing ratios as high as 120ppb and distributions of nitrogen oxides that were similar to measurements at most locations, but the model underestimated ozone mixing ratios greater than 140ppb that were located just downwind of petrochemical facilities. When the point source emission rates of ethene and propene were increased by a factor of 10, the simulated peak ozone levels were in better agreement with surface, aircraft, and lidar observations. The magnitude of the simulated ethene and olefin concentrations were in better agreement with canister samples aloft as well; however, there was still a large amount of scatter in the results. While the highest ozone mixing ratios were produced just downwind of large point source emissions of VOCs, sensitivity simulations also showed that reductions in anthropogenic emissions of NOx would be needed to reduce ozone mixing ratios over a larger area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Emission inventories
KW  - Ethene and propene
KW  - Houtson
KW  - Regional photochemical modeling
KW  - Tx
N1  - Accession Number: 14252715; Jiang, Guangfeng 1 Fast, Jerome D.; Email Address: jerome.fast@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 999, K9-30, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 38 Issue 30, p5071; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission inventories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethene and propene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Houtson; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regional photochemical modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tx; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.06.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calvert, Jack G.
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
T1  - Potential influence of iodine-containing compounds on the chemistry of the troposphere in the polar spring. I. Ozone depletion
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 38
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5087
EP  - 5104
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Iodine in the atmosphere, identified largely by the presence of IO, is a ubiquitous component of the troposphere in coastal and oceanic areas. The role, if any, that iodine chemistry plays in the polar ozone depletion episodes is not known. These events are rationalized today largely in terms of Br2- and BrCl-initiated reactions. The potential for enhancement of ozone depletions through the presence of iodine-containing molecules (I2, IBr, ICl, CH2I2, CH2IBr, CH2ICl, and CH3I) is investigated in this study. Computer simulations of the homogeneous chemistry are made using a reasonably complete reaction mechanism for Br-, Cl- and I-containing species together with representative chemistry of trace gases in the clean troposphere. The extent of uncertain alternative pathways and efficiencies for OIO and I2O2 photolyses are varied over a range of possible values to establish the sensitivity of the depletion events to these variables. The study shows that significant enhancements of the polar ozone depletion are expected when small amounts of iodine-containing compounds such as CH2I2, IBr, or ICl are present in a polar air mass containing representative Br2–BrCl-trace gas mixtures. The synergistic effect of the iodine compounds results from additional halogen-atom formation from IO–IO, IO–BrO, and IO–ClO reactions. Measurements of IO and precursor iodine-containing compounds are encouraged for future polar spring studies, as well as currently acknowledged important trace species (O3, CH2O, BrO, Br2, and BrCl). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OZONE
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - IODINE compounds
KW  - Arctic O3 depletion
KW  - Atmospheric chemistry
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Iodine-containing compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14252716; Calvert, Jack G.; Email Address: jgcalvertj@tds.net Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Email Address: lindbergse@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 27831-6038, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 38 Issue 30, p5087; Subject Term: OZONE; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: IODINE compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arctic O3 depletion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iodine-containing compounds; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.049
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calvert, Jack G.
AU  - Lindberg, Steve E.
T1  - The potential influence of iodine-containing compounds on the chemistry of the troposphere in the polar spring. II. Mercury depletion
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 38
IS  - 30
M3  - Article
SP  - 5105
EP  - 5116
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Simulations of atomic mercury depletion episodes in the polar spring are now based largely on Br2 and Br-atom initiated chemistry. Chlorine is believed to contribute little to the observed depletion. The role, if any, that the presence of iodine compounds play in Hg-atom depletion is unknown at present. The theoretically predicted instability of the HgI species suggests that I-atom reactions with mercury may be an unimportant loss process. However, iodine atoms react rapidly with ozone to develop IO radicals that interact with BrO radicals to enhance Br- and I-atom concentrations, so an indirect influence of iodine compounds on Hg removal might be expected. Computer simulations are described in this study that test this hypothesis using the homogeneous portion of the chemistry of the mercury depletion in the troposphere. Conditions are chosen equivalent to the 1300–1400h on a clear day (17 March) at the location of Barrow, Alaska (Atmos. Environ. 37 (2003) 4467). Small amounts of reactive trace gases, representative of the Arctic spring, are present initially with typical background levels of Hg (0.24ppt) and 50ppb of O3. The simulations show that gaseous atomic mercury depletion in typical Br2 and BrCl mixtures can be enhanced significantly by the presence of small amounts of iodine-containing compounds (I2, CH2I2, CH2IBr, CH2ICl, IBr, and ICl). The major initial product of the possible mercury reactions is HgBr. The subsequent coupling reactions of this species with Br, BrO, Cl, ClO, I, IO, and OH radicals are expected to lead to a variety of reactive gaseous mercury-containing products. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - HALOGENS
KW  - IODINE compounds
KW  - AMDE
KW  - Computer simulations
KW  - Halogen chemistry
KW  - Polar Hg chemistry
KW  - RGM
N1  - Accession Number: 14252717; Calvert, Jack G.; Email Address: jgcalvertj@tds.net Lindberg, Steve E. 1; Email Address: lindbergse@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN 37831-6036, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 38 Issue 30, p5105; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: HALOGENS; Subject Term: IODINE compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: AMDE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Halogen chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polar Hg chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: RGM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chuvil’deev, V.N.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Gryaznov, M.Yu.
AU  - Kopylov, V.I.
AU  - Sysoev, A.N.
T1  - Superplasticity and internal friction in microcrystalline AZ91 and ZK60 magnesium alloys processed by equal-channel angular pressing
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 378
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 257
SN  - 09258388
AB  - Low-temperature superplasticity (LTSP) and internal friction in microcrystalline ZK60 and AZ91 magnesium alloys processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) are reported. Excellent low-temperature superplasticity (<300 °C) was observed in ECAP-processed materials: elongations to failure are 810 and 570% in ZK60 and AZ91 alloys, respectively, at a strain rate of <F>3×10-3</F> s-1. Internal friction can be practically used to determine the optimum temperature for superplasticity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERPLASTICITY
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - MAGNESIUM alloys
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - Acoustic properties
KW  - Grain boundaries
KW  - Metals
KW  - Strain
N1  - Accession Number: 14250187; Chuvil’deev, V.N. 1; Email Address: chuvildeev@nifti.unn.ru Nieh, T.G. 2 Gryaznov, M.Yu. 1 Kopylov, V.I. 3 Sysoev, A.N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Research Physical & Technical Institute, Nizhny Novgorod State University, 23/3 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-350, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, USA  3: Physical-Technical Institute of National Academy of Science, Kuprievicha Str. 10, Minsk 220141, Belarus; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 378 Issue 1/2, p253; Subject Term: SUPERPLASTICITY; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM alloys; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acoustic properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.10.062
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tilson, Jeffrey L.
AU  - Naleway, Conrad
AU  - Seth, Michael
AU  - Shepard, Ron
AU  - Wagner, Albert F.
AU  - Ermler, Walter C.
T1  - Ab initio study of AmCl+: f–f spectroscopy and chemical binding.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5661
EP  - 5675
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A valence full configuration interaction study with a polarized double-ζ quality basis set has been carried out for the lowest 49 electronic states of AmCl+. The calculations use a pseudopotential treatment for the core electrons and incorporate a one-electron spin–orbit interaction operator. Electrons in the valence s, p, d, and f subshells were included in the active space. The resulting electronic potential energy curves are largely repulsive. The chemical bonding is ionic in character with negligible participation of 5f electrons. The molecular f–f spectroscopy of AmCl+ arises essentially from an in situ Am2+ core with states slightly redshifted by the presence of chloride ion. Am++Cl asymptotes which give rise to the few attractive potential energy curves can be predicted by analysis of the f–f spectroscopy of isolated Am+ and Am2+. The attractive curves have substantial binding energies, on the order of 75–80 kcal/mol, and are noticeably lower than recent indirect measurements on the isovalent EuCl+. An independent empirical correlation supports the predicted reduction in AmCl+ binding energy. The energies of the repulsive curves are strongly dependent on the selection of the underlying atomic orbitals while the energies of the attractive curves do not display this sensitivity. The calculations were carried out using our recently developed parallel spin–orbit configuration interaction software. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - VALENCE fluctuations
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14402063; Tilson, Jeffrey L. 1 Naleway, Conrad 2 Seth, Michael 2 Shepard, Ron 2 Wagner, Albert F. 2 Ermler, Walter C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Department of Chemistry, Computational Research on Materials Institute, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152; Source Info: 9/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 12, p5661; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: VALENCE fluctuations; Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1665420
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexandrova, Anastassia N.
AU  - Boldyrev, Alexander I.
AU  - Fu, You-Jun
AU  - Yang, Xin
AU  - Wang, Xue-Bin
AU  - Wang, Lai-Sheng
T1  - Structure of the NaxClx+1- (x=1–4) clusters via ab initio genetic algorithm and photoelectron spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5709
EP  - 5719
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The application of the ab initio genetic algorithm with an embedded gradient has been carried out for the elucidation of global minimum structures of a series of anionic sodium chloride clusters, NaxClx+1- (x=1–4), produced in the gas phase using electrospray ionization and studied by photoelectron spectroscopy. These are all superhalogen species with extremely high electron binding energies. The vertical electron detachment energies for NaxClx+1- were measured to be 5.6, 6.46, 6.3, and 7.0 eV, for x=1–4, respectively. Our ab initio gradient embedded genetic algorithm program detected the linear global minima for NaCl2- and Na2Cl3- and three-dimensional structures for the larger species. Na3Cl4- was found to have C3v symmetry, which can be viewed as a Na4Cl4 cube missing a corner Na+ cation, whereas Na4Cl5- was found to have C4v symmetry, close to a 3×3 planar structure. Excellent agreement between the theoretically calculated and the experimental spectra was observed, confirming the obtained structures and demonstrating the power of the developed genetic algorithm technique. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - COMBINATORIAL optimization
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SALT
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14402059; Alexandrova, Anastassia N. 1 Boldyrev, Alexander I. 1 Fu, You-Jun 2,3 Yang, Xin 2,3 Wang, Xue-Bin 2,3 Wang, Lai-Sheng 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300  2: Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352  3: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 9/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 12, p5709; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL optimization; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SALT; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311940 Seasoning and dressing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 8 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1783276
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kling, Matthias F.
AU  - Cahoon, James F.
AU  - Glascoe, Elizabeth A.
AU  - Sharioski, Jennifer E.
AU  - Harris, Charles B.
T1  - The Role of Odd-Electron Intermediates and In-Cage Electron Transfer in Ultrafast Photochemical Disproportionation Reactions in Lewis Bases.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 126
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 11414
EP  - 11415
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents information on the role of odd-electron intermediates and in-cage electron Transfer in ultrafast photochemical disproportionation reactions in Lewis bases. Femtosecond infrared spectroscopy is a powerful technique for studies on the mechanisms of organometallic reactions and has recently revealed the mechanism of one-electron oxidative addition in the photochemistry of the rhenium dimer. The photochemical disproportionation of metal-metal bound carbonyl dimers was reported to involve odd-electron radical intermediates. At first glance, ultrafast formation of two ionic disproportionation products is surprising. Femtosecond IR spectroscopy in combination with DFT calculations has allowed the first real-time observation and characterization of ultrafast 19e intermediate and disproportionated product formation upon the photolysis of a transition metal dimers.
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ACID-base chemistry
KW  - RHENIUM isotopes
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14533561; Kling, Matthias F. 1 Cahoon, James F. 1 Glascoe, Elizabeth A. 1 Sharioski, Jennifer E. 1 Harris, Charles B. 1; Email Address: harris@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 9/22/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 37, p11414; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ACID-base chemistry; Subject Term: RHENIUM isotopes; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bartholomew, Glenn P.
AU  - Rumi, Mariacristina
AU  - Pond, Stephanie J. K.
AU  - Perry, Joseph W.
AU  - Tretiak, Sergei
AU  - Bazan, Guillermo C.
T1  - Two-Photon Absorption in Three-Dimensional Chromophores Based on (2.2)-Paracyclophane.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 126
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 11529
EP  - 11542
SN  - 00027863
AB  - A series of α,ω-bis donor substituted oligophenylenevinylene dimers held together by the [2.2]-paracyclophane core were synthesized to probe how the number of repeat units and through-space delocalization influence two-photon absorption cross sections. Specifically, the paracyclophane molecules are tetra(4,7,12,15)-(4'-dihexylaminostyryl)[2.2]paracyclophane (3RD), tetra(4,7,12,15)-(4"-(4'-dihexylaminostyryl)-styryl)(2.2]paracyclophane (5RD), and tetra(4,7,12,15)-(4'''-(4"-(4'-dihexylaminostyryl)styryl)styryl)(2.2]-paracyclophane (7RD). The compounds bis(1,4)-(4'-dihexylaminostyryl)benzene (3R) and bis(1,4)-(4"-(4'-dihexylaminostyryl)styryl)benzene (5R) were also synthesized to reveal the properties of the "monomeric" counterparts. The two-photon absorption cross sections were determined by the two-photon induced fluorescence method using both femtosecond and nanosecond pulsed lasers as excitation sources. While there is a red shift in the linear absorption spectra when going from the "monomer" chromophore to the paracyclophane "dimer" (i.e., 3R → 3RD, 5R → 5RD), there is no shift in the two-photon absorption maxima. A theoretical treatment of these trends and the dependence of transition dipole moments on molecular structure rely on calculations that interfaced time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) techniques with the collective electronic oscillator (CEO) program. These theoretical and experimental results indicate that intermolecular interactions can strongly affect Bu states but weakly perturb Ag states, due to the small dipole-dipole coupling between Ag states on the chromophores in the dimer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - AROMATIC compounds
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - DOPPLER effect
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
N1  - Accession Number: 14533592; Bartholomew, Glenn P. 1 Rumi, Mariacristina 2,3 Pond, Stephanie J. K. 3 Perry, Joseph W. 2,3; Email Address: joe.porry@chemistry.gatech.edu Tretiak, Sergei 4 Bazan, Guillermo C. 1; Email Address: bazan@chem.ucsb.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California -- Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106.  2: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721.  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 9/22/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 37, p11529; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: AROMATIC compounds; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: DOPPLER effect; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herman Cho
AU  - de Jong, Wibe A.
AU  - McNamara, Bruce K.
AU  - Rapko, Brian M.
AU  - Burgeson, Ingrid E.
T1  - Temperature and Isotope Substitution Effects on the Structure and NMR Properties of the Pertechnetate Ion in Water.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 126
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 11583
EP  - 11588
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The uniquely well-resolved 99Tc NMR spectrum of the pertechnetate ion in liquid water poses a stringent test of the accuracy of ab initio calculations. The displacement of the 99Tc chemical shift as a function of temperature has been measured over the range 10-45 °C for the three isotopomers Tc(16O)4-, Tc(16O)3(16O)-, and Tc(16O)3(17O)- at natural oxygen isotope abundance levels, and in addition the temperature dependence of the Tc-O scalar coupling was determined for the Tc(16O)3(17O)- isotopomer. Values for these parameters were computed using relativistic spin-orbit density functional theory with an unsolvated ion approximation and with treatments of the solvated ion based on the COnductor-like Screening MOdel (COSMO) approach. The temperature and isotope dependence of 99Tc NMR parameters inferred by these methods were in good quantitative agreement with experimental observations. The change in the Tc-O bond length associated with the changes in temperatures considered here was determined to be of the order of 10-4 Å. Vibrational energies and Tc-O bond lengths derived from these models also compare favorably with previous experimental studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14533598; Herman Cho 1; Email Address: hm.cho@pnl.gov de Jong, Wibe A. 1 McNamara, Bruce K. 1 Rapko, Brian M. 1 Burgeson, Ingrid E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 9/22/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 37, p11583; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bryan, J. Daniel
AU  - Heald, Steve M.
AU  - Chambers, Scott A.
AU  - Gamelin, Daniel R.
T1  - Strong Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism in Co&sup2+; Doped TiO2 Made from Colloidal Nanocrystals.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 126
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 11640
EP  - 11647
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Colloidal cobalt-doped TiO2 (anatase) nanocrystals were synthesized and studied by electronic absorption, magnetic circular dichroism, transmission electron microscopy, magnetic susceptibility, cobalt K-shell X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements. The nanocrystals were paramagnetic when isolated by surface-passivating ligands, weakly ferromagnetic (Ms &ap; 1.5 × 10-3 μB/Co2+ at 300 K) when aggregated, and strongly ferromagnetic (up to Ms = 1.9 μB/Co2+ at 300 K) when spin-coated into nanocrystalline films. X-ray absorption data reveal that cobalt is in the Co2+ oxidation state in all samples. In addition to providing strong experimental support for the existence of intrinsic ferromagnetism in cobalt-doped TiO2, these results demonstrate the possibility of using colloidal TiO2 diluted magnetic semiconductor nanocrystals as building blocks for assembly of ferromagnetic semiconductor nanostructures with potential spintronics applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
N1  - Accession Number: 14533604; Bryan, J. Daniel 1 Heald, Steve M. 2 Chambers, Scott A. 2 Gamelin, Daniel R. 1; Email Address: Gamelin@chem.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700.  2: Fundamental Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 9/22/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 37, p11640; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Minofar, Babak
AU  - Mucha, Martin
AU  - Jungwirth, Pavel
AU  - Xin Yang
AU  - You-Jun Fu
AU  - Xue-Bin Wang
AU  - Lai-Sheng Wang
T1  - Bulk versus Interfacial Aqueous Solvation of Dicarboxylate Dianions.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/22/
VL  - 126
IS  - 37
M3  - Article
SP  - 11691
EP  - 11698
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Solvation of dicarboxylate dianions of varying length of the aliphatic chain in water clusters and in extended aqueous slabs was investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. Photoelectron spectra of hydrated succinate, adipate, and tetradecandioic dianions with up to 20 water molecules were obtained. Even-odd effects were observed as a result of the alternate solvation mode of the two negative charges with increasing solvent numbers. The competition between hydrophilic interactions of the charged carboxylate groups and hydrophobic interactions of the aliphatic chain leads to conformation changes in large water clusters containing dicarboxylates bigger than adipate. It also leads to a transition from bulk aqueous solvation of small dicarboxylates to solvation at the water/vapor interlace of the larger ones. Whereas oxalate and adipate solvate in the inner parts of the aqueous slab, suberate and longer dicarboxylate dianions have a strong propensity to the surface. This transition also has consequences for the folding of the flexible aliphatic chain and for the structure of aqueous solvation shells around the dianions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - SOLVATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14533610; Minofar, Babak 1 Mucha, Martin 1 Jungwirth, Pavel 1; Email Address: pavel.jungwirth@uochb.cas.cz Xin Yang 1 You-Jun Fu 2 Xue-Bin Wang 2 Lai-Sheng Wang 2; Email Address: Is.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Center for Complex Molecular Systems and Biomolecules, Flemingovo nam. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic.  2: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 9/22/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 37, p11691; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, T.
AU  - Czasch, A. O.
AU  - Jagutzki, O.
AU  - Müller, A. K.
AU  - Mergel, V.
AU  - Khelfets, A.
AU  - Rotenberg, E.
AU  - Melg&, C.
AU  - Prior, M.H.
AU  - Daveau, S.
AU  - Landers, A.
AU  - Cocke, C. L.
AU  - Osipov, T.
AU  - Diez Mulño, R.
AU  - Schmidt-Böcking, H.
AU  - Dörner, R.
T1  - Complete photo-fragmentation of the deuterium molecule.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/23/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7007
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 440
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - All properties of molecules-from binding and excitation energies to their geometry-are determined by the highly correlated initial-state wavefunction of the electrons and nuclei. Details of these correlations can be revealed by studying the break-up of these systems into their constituents. The fragmentation might be initiated by the absorption of a single photon, by collision with a charged particle or by exposure to a strong laser pulse: if the interaction causing the excitation is sufficiently understood, the fragmentation process can then be used as a tool to investigate the bound initial state. The interaction and resulting fragment motions therefore pose formidable challenges to quantum theory. Here we report the coincident measurement of the momenta of both nuclei and both electrons from the single-photon-induced fragmentation of the deuterium molecule. The results reveal that the correlated motion of the electrons is strongly dependent on the inter-nuclear separation in the molecular ground state at the instant of photon absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14487115; Weber, T. 1,2,3 Czasch, A. O. 1 Jagutzki, O. 1 Müller, A. K. 1 Mergel, V. 1 Khelfets, A. 4 Rotenberg, E. 2 Melg&, C. 2 Prior, M.H. 2 Daveau, S. 2 Landers, A. 5 Cocke, C. L. 3 Osipov, T. 3 Diez Mulño, R. 6 Schmidt-Böcking, H. 1 Dörner, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Frankfurt, D 60486 Frankfurt, Germany  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA  4: Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia  5: 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn University, Alabama 36849 5311, USA  6: Donostia International Physics Center and Unidad de Fisica de Materiales, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; Source Info: 9/23/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7007, p437; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02839
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shaw, Wendy .J.
AU  - Campbell, Allison A.
AU  - Paine, Michael L.
AU  - Snead, Malcolm L.
T1  - The COOH Terminus of the Amelogenin, LRAP, Is Oriented Next to the Hydroxyapatite Surface.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/24/
VL  - 279
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 40263
EP  - 40266
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The organic matrix in forming enamel consists largely of the amelogenin protein self-assembled into nanospheres that are necessary to guide the formation of the unusually long and highly ordered hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystallites that constitute enamel. Despite its ability to direct crystal growth, the interaction of the amelogenin protein with HAP is unknown. However, the demonstration of growth restricted to the c-axis suggests a specific protein-crystal interaction, and the charged COOH terminus is often implicated in this function. To elucidate whether the COOH terminus is important in the binding and orientation of amelogenin onto HAP, we have used solid state NMR to determine the orientation of the COOH terminus of an amelogenin splice variant, LRAP (leucine-rich amelogenin protein), which contains the charged COOH terminus of the full protein, on the HAP surface. These experiments demonstrate that the methyl 13C-labeled side chain of Ala46 is 8.0 Å from the HAP surface under hydrated conditions, for the protein with and without phosphorylation. The experimental results provide direct evidence orienting the charged COOH-terminal region of the amelogenin protein on the HAP surface, optimized to exert control on developing enamel crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROXYAPATITE
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - LEUCINE
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14730291; Shaw, Wendy .J. 1; Email Address: wendy.shaw@pnl.gov Campbell, Allison A. 1 Paine, Michael L. 2 Snead, Malcolm L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  2: Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033; Source Info: 9/24/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 39, p40263; Subject Term: HYDROXYAPATITE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: LEUCINE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.C400322200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raab, Georgy J.
AU  - Valiev, Ruslan Z.
AU  - Lowe, Terry C.
AU  - Zhu, Yuntian T.
T1  - Continuous processing of ultrafine grained Al by ECAP–Conform
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/09/25/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 30
EP  - 34
SN  - 09215093
AB  - In this paper, we report a new severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique, which combines equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) with Conform, to process ultrafine grained (UFG) materials in a continuous manner. ECAP in its original form can only process short metal bars and is labor intensive. Conform is a technique that has been used to continuously form metals into various shapes. By combining these two techniques, we were able to produce UFG structures in an Al wire and to significantly increase its strength. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - DEFORMATION potential
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - LABOR
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Conform
KW  - Severe plastic deformation (SPD)
KW  - Ultrafine grained structure
N1  - Accession Number: 14249048; Raab, Georgy J. 1 Valiev, Ruslan Z. 1 Lowe, Terry C. 2 Zhu, Yuntian T. 2; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa 450000, K. Marksa 12, Russia  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 382 Issue 1/2, p30; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: DEFORMATION potential; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: LABOR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conform; Author-Supplied Keyword: Severe plastic deformation (SPD); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafine grained structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.04.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Bourke, M.A.M.
AU  - Beyerlein, I.J.
AU  - Alexander, D.J.
AU  - Clausen, B.
T1  - Finite element analysis of the plastic deformation zone and working load in equal channel angular extrusion
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/09/25/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 236
SN  - 09215093
AB  - A comprehensive finite element (FE) study is conducted to analyze the formation of the plastic deformation zone (PDZ) and evolution of the working load with ram displacement during a single pass of equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) with intersection angle 90°. This study explores systematically the coupled effects of material response, outer corner angle (Ψ = 0°, 45°, or 90°), and friction on ECAE deformation, which can be effectively analyzed through two key characteristics of the PDZ alone. These characteristics, the morphology and strain-rate distribution within the PDZ, are largely responsible for the heterogeneity in strain that develops in the sample at the end of a single pass. Strain hardening, Ψ, and friction were all found to have some effect on the PDZ, though under their combined influence, one tends to dominate over the others. Strain hardening tends to produce asymmetry in the strain-rate distribution within the PDZ, resulting in corner gaps and a more heterogeneous strain distribution than an ideal perfectly plastic material. In cases in which the material fills the die, the PDZ shape is largely governed by the die geometry, i.e. Ψ, independent of material response and friction. In this respect, friction does however help to reduce the free surface gaps that form between a strain hardening material and the die, but to further increase the degree of heterogeneity. The distinct stages that are present in the load versus displacement curves are defined and associated with those in sample deformation, some of which depend on Ψ and others on material properties. Effective strain calculations are compared with various analytical models and the one that directly accounts for the PDZ tends to perform better. To date, most of the cases studied here have not been modeled analytically; however, a stronger connection between analytical modeling and actual ECAE deformation can be made by the guidance of these FE studies on the interactive influence of processing and material variables. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICS -- Extrusion
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Equal channel angular extrusion
KW  - Finite element
KW  - Plastic deformation zone
KW  - Severe plastic deformation
N1  - Accession Number: 14249069; Li, S. 1; Email Address: saiyi@lanl.gov Bourke, M.A.M. 1 Beyerlein, I.J. 2 Alexander, D.J. 1 Clausen, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Neutron Science Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 382 Issue 1/2, p217; Subject Term: PLASTICS -- Extrusion; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Equal channel angular extrusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Severe plastic deformation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326193 Motor vehicle plastic parts manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.04.067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, H.
AU  - Weierstall, U.
AU  - Spence, J. C. H.
AU  - Howells, M.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
AU  - Marchesini, S.
AU  - Chapman, H. N.
T1  - Use of extended and prepared reference objects in experimental Fourier transform x-ray holography.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/27/
VL  - 85
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2454
EP  - 2456
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The use of one or more gold nanoballs as reference objects for Fourier transform holography (FTH) is analyzed using experimental soft x-ray diffraction from objects consisting of separated clusters of these balls. The holograms are deconvoluted against ball reference objects to invert to images, in combination with a Wiener filter to control noise. A resolution of ∼30 nm, smaller than one ball, is obtained even if a large cluster of balls is used as the reference, giving the best resolution yet obtained by x-ray FTH. Methods of dealing with missing data due to a beamstop are discussed. Practical prepared objects which satisfy the FTH condition are suggested, and methods of forming them described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - LIGHT filters
KW  - FOURIER transform optics
KW  - X-ray holography
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14546637; He, H. 1; Email Address: hfhe@lbl.gov Weierstall, U. 1 Spence, J. C. H. 1 Howells, M. 2 Padmore, H. A. 2 Marchesini, S. 3 Chapman, H. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 9/27/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 13, p2454; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: LIGHT filters; Subject Term: FOURIER transform optics; Subject Term: X-ray holography; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1795360
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keidar, Michael
AU  - Gallimore, Alec D.
AU  - Raitses, Yevgeny
AU  - Boyd, Iain D.
T1  - On the potential distribution in Hall thrusters.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/27/
VL  - 85
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2481
EP  - 2483
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A model of the plasma flow in a Hall thruster channel is developed that takes into account the two-dimensional current conservation effect and relies on some experimental input parameters, such as magnetic field and electron temperature distribution. The model is an attempt to explain the experimentally found nonuniform potential distribution across the thruster channel. This effect is explained by the change of the electron mobility across a magnetic field due to the magnetic field gradient and due to the electron current along the magnetic field driven by the electron temperature gradient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
KW  - PLASMA accelerators
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRON mobility
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
N1  - Accession Number: 14546628; Keidar, Michael 1; Email Address: keidar@engin.umich.edu Gallimore, Alec D. 1 Raitses, Yevgeny 2 Boyd, Iain D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michigan 48109  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: 9/27/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 13, p2481; Subject Term: PLASMONS (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMA accelerators; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON mobility; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1797555
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546628&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Albert T.
AU  - Tu, K. N.
AU  - Lloyd, J. R.
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Valek, B. C.
AU  - Kao, C. R.
T1  - Electromigration-induced microstructure evolution in tin studied by synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/27/
VL  - 85
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2490
EP  - 2492
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Under constant current electromigration, white tin exhibited a resistance drop of up to 10%. It has a body-centered-tetragonal structure, and the resistivity along the a and b axes is 35% smaller than along the c axis. Microstructure evolution under electromigration could be responsible for the resistance drop. Synchrotron radiation white beam x-ray microdiffraction was used to study this evolution. Grain-by-grain analysis was obtained from the diffracted Laue patterns about the changes of grain orientation before and after electromigration. We observed that high-resistance grains reorient with respect to the neighboring low-resistance grains, most likely by grain growth of the latter. A different mechanism of grain growth under electromigration from the normal grain growth is proposed and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODIFFUSION
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - MATERIALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546625; Wu, Albert T. 1; Email Address: tcwu@ucla.edu Tu, K. N. 1 Lloyd, J. R. 2 Tamura, N. 3 Valek, B. C. 3 Kao, C. R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095  2: IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598  3: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  4: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University; Chungli, Taiwan, ROC; Source Info: 9/27/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 13, p2490; Subject Term: ELECTRODIFFUSION; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: MATERIALS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1795353
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546625&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Jang-Sik
AU  - Kang, B. S.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
T1  - Anisotropic dielectric properties in epitaxial Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 thin films along different crystal directions.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/27/
VL  - 85
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2586
EP  - 2588
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Epitaxial (001)-oriented Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 (BLT) thin films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition on (001) LaAIO3 single-crystal substrates. The dielectric properties of the BLT films are highly anisotropic along different crystal directions. The dielectric constants are 358 and 160 along [100] and [110], respectively. Dielectric nonlinearity is also detected along these crystal directions. On the other hand, a much smaller dielectric constant and no detectable dielectric nonlinearity in a field range of 0–200 kV/cm are observed for a film along [001] where c-axis oriented SrRuO3 is used as the bottom electrode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 14546593; Lee, Jang-Sik 1; Email Address: js;ee@lanl.gov Kang, B. S. 1 Lin, Y. 1 Li, Y. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1; Email Address: qxjia@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 9/27/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 13, p2586; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1797536
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546593&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, C.-S.
AU  - Noufi, R.
AU  - Ramanathan, K.
AU  - AbuShama, J. A.
AU  - Moutinho, H. R.
AU  - Al-Jassim, M. M.
T1  - Does the local built-in potential on grain boundaries of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films benefit photovoltaic performance of the device?
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/27/
VL  - 85
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2625
EP  - 2627
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In a previous paper [C.-S. Jiang et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 3477 (2004)], we reported the existence of a local built-in potential on grain boundaries (GBs) of photovoltaic Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin films. However, whether the built-in potential benefits photovoltaic properties of the device has not been proven. Using a scanning Kelvin probe microscope, we found that, with increasing Ga content in the CIGS film, the built-in potential on the GB drops sharply in a Ga range of 28%–38%. Comparing the changes in the built-in potential, the device efficiency, and the CIGS band gap, we conclude that the built-in potential on the GB plays a significant role in the device conversion efficiency of NREL's three-stage CIGS device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - SOLAR cells
N1  - Accession Number: 14546580; Jiang, C.-S. 1; Email Address: chun_sheng_jiang@nrel.gov Noufi, R. 1 Ramanathan, K. 1 AbuShama, J. A. 1 Moutinho, H. R. 1 Al-Jassim, M. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 9/27/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 13, p2625; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: SOLAR cells; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1793346
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546580&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barraud, C.
AU  - Atteia, J. L.
AU  - Olive, J. F.
AU  - Hurley, K.
AU  - Ricker, G.
AU  - Lamb, D. Q.
AU  - Kawai, N.
AU  - Vanderspek, R.
AU  - Sakamoto, T.
T1  - Spectral Analysis of 50 GRBs Detected by HETE-2.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
EP  - 85
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - FREGATE, the gamma-ray detector of HETE-2 is entirely dedicated to the study of GRBs. Its main characteristic is its broad energy range, from 7 keV to 400 keV. This energy range can be further extended down to 2 keV using the data from the WXM, the X-ray detector of HETE-2. Such a large energy range allows studies of the prompt emission of GRBs. determining with a high precision their spectral parameters. Moreover, because this energy range is at low energies, the sample of GRBs detected by both FREGATE and WXM contains a significant fraction of X-Ray Rich GRBs and X-Ray Flashes. We present here the distributions of the spectral parameters mesured for the time integrated spectra of 50 GRBs. We put emphasis on the distribution of the low energy spectral index α. Because FREGATE and WXM detected all classes of GRBs, we also discuss the connection between GRBs, X-Ray Rich GRBs and X-Ray Flashes. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray detectors
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592971; Barraud, C. 1 Atteia, J. L. 1 Olive, J. F. 2 Hurley, K. 3 Ricker, G. 4 Lamb, D. Q. 5 Kawai, N. 6 Vanderspek, R. 4 Sakamoto, T. 7; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France  2: C.E.S.R., Observatoire Midi-Pyrénée, Toulouse, France  3: UC Berkeley Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720-7450, USA  4: Center for Space Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA  5: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637  6: RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p81; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray detectors; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810806
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592971&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakamoto, T.
AU  - Suzuki, M.
AU  - Kawai, N.
AU  - Nakagawa, Y.
AU  - Yoshida, A.
AU  - Shirasaki, Y.
AU  - Tamagawa, T.
AU  - Torii, K.
AU  - Matsuoka, M.
AU  - Fenimore, E. E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - Lamb, D. Q.
AU  - Graziani, C.
AU  - Donaghy, T. Q.
AU  - Atteia, J.-L.
AU  - Barraud, C.
AU  - Boer, M.
AU  - Dezalay, J.-P.
AU  - Olive, J.-F.
AU  - Ricker, G.
T1  - HETE-2 Observation of the Extremely Soft X-Ray Flashes, XRF010213 and XRF020903.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 106
EP  - 110
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report HETE-2 WXM and FREGATE observations of two X-ray flashes (XRFs), XRF010213 and XRF020903. The signal is only seen in < 25 keV and < 10 keV for XRF010213 and XRF020903 respectively. Both events show a double-peak structure in their light curves. The durations of the bursts are > 10 seconds, and this feature is similar to that of the “long” GRBs. According to the time-averaged spectral analysis using both WXM and FREGATE data, the fluence ratio of 2–30 keV to 30–400 keV energy band is 11.4 and 5.6 for XRF010213 and XRF020903 respectively. The Epeak energy in the Band function is < 10 keV. They are likely to belong to the same class as the X-ray flash events detected with GINGA and BeppoSAX. In this paper, we will present the detail study of the prompt emission of XRF010213 and XRF020903, and compare with the characteristics of classic GRBs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - LIGHT curves
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ENERGY bands
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592966; Sakamoto, T. 1,2 Suzuki, M. 1 Kawai, N. 1 Nakagawa, Y. 3 Yoshida, A. 3 Shirasaki, Y. 4 Tamagawa, T. 2 Torii, K. 2 Matsuoka, M. 5 Fenimore, E. E. 6 Galassi, M. 6 Lamb, D. Q. Graziani, C. Donaghy, T. Q. Atteia, J.-L. 7 Barraud, C. 7 Boer, M. 8 Dezalay, J.-P. 8 Olive, J.-F. 8 Ricker, G. 9; Affiliation:  1: Tokyo Institute of Technology  2: The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN)  3: Aoyama Gakuin University  4: National Astronomical Observatory  5: Tsukuba Space Center, National Space Development Agency of Japan  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory  7: Observatoire Midi-Pyreneńés  8: CNRS  9: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p106; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: LIGHT curves; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ENERGY bands; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810811
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592966&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kippen, R. M.
AU  - in 't Zand, J. J. M.
AU  - Woods, P. M.
AU  - Heise, J.
AU  - Preece, R. D.
AU  - Briggs, M. S.
T1  - Comparing Prompt Emission from X-ray Flashes and Gamma-ray Bursts.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 122
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The final year of the BeppoSAX mission provided a much needed clue as to the nature of X-ray flashes. The detection of afterglow counterparts and their underlying hosts provides strong evidence that X-ray flashes and gamma-ray bursts originate from similar sources in cosmologically distant galaxies. These observations support findings that the prompt emission characteristics of X-ray flashes are similar to those of traditional gamma-ray bursts. Using wide-band observations from BeppoSAX and BATSE, we present the latest results in our on-going effort to quantify the similarities and differences in prompt emission characteristics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - AFTERGLOW (Physics)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592963; Kippen, R. M. 1 in 't Zand, J. J. M. 2 Woods, P. M. 3 Heise, J. 2 Preece, R. D. 3 Briggs, M. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ISR-2, MS B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Astronomical Institute, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80 000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands  3: National Space Science & Technology Center, 320 Sparkman Dr., Huntsville, AL 35805, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p119; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: AFTERGLOW (Physics); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810814
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592963&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dingus, B. L.
T1  - Milagro—A TeV Observatory for Gamma Ray Bursts.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 131
EP  - 135
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Milagro is a large field of view (∼ 2 sr), high duty cycle (∼90%), ground-based observatory sensitive to gamma-rays above ∼100 GeV. This unique detector is ideal for observing the highest energy gamma-rays from gamma-ray bursts. The highest energy gamma rays supply very strong constraints on the nature of gamma-ray burst sources as well as fundamental physics. Because the highest energy gamma-rays are attenuated by pair production with the extragalactic infrared background light, Milagro’s sensitivity decreases rapidly for bursts with redshift > 0.5. While only 10 % of bursts have been measured to be within z=0.5, these bursts are very well studied at all wavelengths resulting in the most complete understanding of GRB phenomena. Milagro has sufficient sensitivity in units of E2 dN/dE to detect VHE luminosities lower than the observed luminosities at ∼ 100 keV for these nearby bursts. Therefore, the launch of SWIFT and its ability to localize and measure redshifts of many bursts points to great future possibilities. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL observatories
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - AFTERGLOW (Physics)
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592961; Dingus, B. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p131; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL observatories; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: AFTERGLOW (Physics); Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810816
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592961&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kawai, N.
AU  - Sakamoto, T.
AU  - Suzuki, M.
AU  - Matsuoka, M.
AU  - Yoshida, A.
AU  - Shirasaki, Y.
AU  - Tamagawa, T.
AU  - Nakagawa, Y.
AU  - Yamazaki, Y.
AU  - Sato, R.
AU  - Torii, K.
AU  - Fenimore, E. E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - Lamb, D. Q.
AU  - Graziani, C.
AU  - Donaghy, T. Q.
AU  - Ricker, G.
AU  - Doty, J.
AU  - Vanderspek, R.
AU  - Crew, G. B.
T1  - Broad-band (2-400 keV) Spectra of Gamma-Ray Bursts and X-Ray Flashes based on HETE-2 Observations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 192
EP  - 197
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - One of the primary goals of HETE-2 is the spectroscopy of the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in a wide energy range. A large overlapping energy range of WXM and FREGATE ensures reliable spectral measurements. Thanks to the enhanced sensitivity in the X-ray range, HETE-2 has detected large numbers of X-ray rich events in addition to the classical GRBs. We have examined the spectral properties of these cosmological bursts localized with HETE-2. They have much variety in their properties, with the spectral peak energy ranging from a few keV to ∼400 keV, and the gamma-ray (30–400 keV) fluence from ∼ 10 -8 to ∼ 10-4 erg cm-2. According to the ratio of fluence in the X-ray range (2–30 keV) to that in the gamma-ray range (30–400 keV), we have classified the localized cosmological bursts into three classes, hard GRBs, X-ray rich GRBs and X-ray flashes. When the nature of the X-ray rich GRBs and X-ray flashes are studied systematically, we find that they have many properties in common with the classical GRBs. In fact, there is no clear separation in properties of these three classes, suggesting that they are a single phenomenon. The relation between the spectral peak energy and the isotropic-equivalent radiated energy (both in the source frame) has been confirmed for the HETE-localized GRBs and extended for XRFs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
N1  - Accession Number: 14592948; Kawai, N. 1,2 Sakamoto, T. 1,2 Suzuki, M. 1 Matsuoka, M. 3 Yoshida, A. 4 Shirasaki, Y. 5 Tamagawa, T. 6 Nakagawa, Y. 4 Yamazaki, Y. 4 Sato, R. 1 Torii, K. 6 Fenimore, E. E. 7 Galassi, M. 7 Lamb, D. Q. 8 Graziani, C. 8 Donaghy, T. Q. 8 Ricker, G. 9 Doty, J. 9 Vanderspek, R. 9 Crew, G. B. 9; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan  2: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research)  3: Tsukuba Space Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency  4: Aoyama Gakuin University, Japan  5: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan  6: The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Japan  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  8: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, USA  9: Center for Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p192; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810829
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592948&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - González, M. M.
AU  - Dingus, B. L.
AU  - Kaneko, Y.
AU  - Preece, R. D.
AU  - Dermer, C. D.
AU  - Briggs, M. S.
T1  - Discovery of a Distinct Higher Energy Spectral Component in GRB941017.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 207
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report an observation of a multi-MeV spectral component in the burst of 17 October 1994 that is distinct from the previously observed lower energy gamma-ray component. This higher-energy component is described by a power law of differential photon number index ∼ -1 up to 200 MeV. Its flux decays more slowly and its fluence is more than 3 times the fluence of the lower-energy component. Despite the unique behavior of this higher-energy component, the lower-energy component behaves similarly to most GRBs, presenting a hard-to-soft temporal evolution. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592946; González, M. M. 1,2 Dingus, B. L. 2 Kaneko, Y. 3 Preece, R. D. 3 Dermer, C. D. 4 Briggs, M. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: Physics Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, National Space Science and Technology Center  4: Naval Research Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p203; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810831
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592946&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Bing
AU  - Kobayashi, Shiho
AU  - Mészáros, Peter
AU  - Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole M.
AU  - Dai, Xinyu
T1  - Early Afterglow, Magnetized Central Engine, and a Quasi-Universal Jet Configuration for Long GRBs.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 208
EP  - 212
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Two separate topics are discussed. (1) We describe the classifications of the long GRB early afterglow lightcurves within the framework of the fireball shock model, focusing on the interplay between the reverse and forward shock emission components. We also provide evidence that the central engine of at least two bursts are entrained with strong magnetic fields, and discuss the implications of this result for our understanding of the GRB phenomenon; (2) We argue that the current gamma-ray burst (GRB) and X-ray flash (XRF) data are consistent with a picture that all GRB-XRF jets are structured and quasi-universal, with a typical Gaussian-like jet structure. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - METEORS
KW  - AFTERGLOW (Physics)
KW  - LIGHT curves
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL jets
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592945; Zhang, Bing 1 Kobayashi, Shiho 1 Mészáros, Peter 1 Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole M. 2 Dai, Xinyu 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS B244, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p208; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: METEORS; Subject Term: AFTERGLOW (Physics); Subject Term: LIGHT curves; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL jets; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810832
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592945&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suzuki, M.
AU  - Kawai, N.
AU  - Yoshida, A.
AU  - Shirasaki, Y.
AU  - Matsuoka, M.
AU  - Tamagawa, T.
AU  - Torii, K.
AU  - Sakamoto, T.
AU  - Graziani, C.
AU  - Lamb, D. Q.
AU  - Atteia, J. L.
AU  - Fenimore, E. E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - Donaghy, T.
AU  - Ricker, G.
AU  - Doty, J.
AU  - Vanderspek, R.
AU  - Crew, G. B.
AU  - Villasenor, J.
AU  - Butler, N.
T1  - Durations of Gamma-ray Bursts and X-Ray Flashes in X-ray and Gamma-Ray Bands Observed with HETE-2.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 220
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report timing properties of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and X-ray flashes (XRFs) observed by HETE-2. We studied 1) duration (or emission time), 2) Variability and 3) spectral lag of the bursts and empirical relations of them. In particular, we examine whether the empirical relations hold or not in lower energy band below 25 keV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL observations
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592943; Suzuki, M. 1 Kawai, N. 1,2 Yoshida, A. 2,3 Shirasaki, Y. 4 Matsuoka, M. 5 Tamagawa, T. 2 Torii, K. 2 Sakamoto, T. 1,2 Graziani, C. 6 Lamb, D. Q. 6 Atteia, J. L. 7 Fenimore, E. E. 8 Galassi, M. 8 Donaghy, T. 6 Ricker, G. 9 Doty, J. 9 Vanderspek, R. 9 Crew, G. B. 9 Villasenor, J. 9 Butler, N. 9; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology  2: RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research)  3: Department of Physics, Aoyama Gakuin University  4: National Astronomical Observatory Japan  5: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency  6: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago  7: Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées  8: Los Alamos National Laboratory  9: Center for Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p217; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL observations; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810834
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592943&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moran, L.
AU  - Hanlon, L.
AU  - McBreen, B.
AU  - Preece, R.
AU  - Kaneko, Y.
AU  - Williams, O. R.
AU  - Bennett, K.
AU  - Marc Kippen, R.
AU  - Von Kienlin, A.
AU  - Beckmann, V.
AU  - McBreen, S.
AU  - French, J.
T1  - INTEGRAL Spectrometer Analysis of GRB030227 & GRB030131.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 228
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The spectrometer SPI on board INTEGRAL is capable of high-resolution spectroscopic studies in the energy range 20 keV to 8 MeV for GRBs which occur within the fully coded field of view (16° corner to corner). Six GRBs occurred within the SPI field of view between October 2002 and November 2003. We present results of the analysis of the first two GRBs detected by SPI after the payload performance and verification phase of INTEGRAL. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL observations
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592941; Moran, L. 1 Hanlon, L. 1 McBreen, B. 1 Preece, R. 2 Kaneko, Y. 2 Williams, O. R. 3 Bennett, K. 3 Marc Kippen, R. 4 Von Kienlin, A. 5 Beckmann, V. 6 McBreen, S. 1 French, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Experimental Physics, University College Dublin, Ireland  2: Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Huntsville, USA  3: Science Operations and Data Systems Division of ESA/ESTEC, SCI-SDG, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands  4: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  5: Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, 85748 Garching, Germany  6: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Maryland Baltimore County, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p225; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL observations; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810836
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592941&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - González, M. M.
AU  - Dingus, B. L.
AU  - Kaneko, Y.
AU  - Preece, R. D.
AU  - Briggs, M. S.
T1  - Spectral Time Evolution for GRBs Observed by BATSE and EGRET-TASC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 236
EP  - 239
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Analysis of the time evolution of GRB spectra yields important information about the radiation mechanisms taking place in Gamma-Ray Bursts. Spectroscopy of BATSE data using the Band function showed a generalized hard-to-soft temporal evolution of the GRB spectra. This analysis was limited to bursts whose spectrum peaks below 1 MeV. The EGRET’s calorimeter TASC (Total Absorption Shower Counter) was sensitive to energies above 1 MeV and beyond 10 MeV for brighter bursts. In order to give better spectral fits over a broader energy range, we have combined BATSE and TASC data for 8 bursts that showed significant detection in more than one time interval in TASC data. We observed that the spectrum of a single peak evolves from hard-to-soft, except for one burst where the high-energy spectral index β stayed constant with time. For bursts with multiple peaks, no evident time evolution was observed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592938; González, M. M. 1,2 Dingus, B. L. 2 Kaneko, Y. 3 Preece, R. D. 3 Briggs, M. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: Physics Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, National Space Science and Technology Center; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p236; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810839
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salmonson, Jay D.
AU  - Rossi, Elena
AU  - Lazzati, Davide
T1  - Comparison of Three Afterglow Morphologies.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
EP  - 277
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Herein we compare three functional families for afterglow morphologies: the homogeneous afterglow with constant shock surface energy density, the structured afterglow for which the energy density decays as a power-law as a function of viewer angle, and the gaussian afterglow which has an exponential decay of energy density with viewer angle. We simulate observed lightcurves and polarization curves for each as seen from a variety of observer vantage points. We find that the homogeneous jet is likely inconsistent with observations and suggest that the future debate on the structure of afterglow jets will be between the other two candidates. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AFTERGLOW (Physics)
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - LIGHT curves
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ASTRONOMY
N1  - Accession Number: 14592931; Salmonson, Jay D. 1 Rossi, Elena 2 Lazzati, Davide 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Liveremore, CA 94551  2: Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road CB3 OHA, England; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p274; Subject Term: AFTERGLOW (Physics); Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: LIGHT curves; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810846
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592931&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woosley, S. E.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Heger, A.
T1  - The Collapsar Model for Gamma-Ray Bursts.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 343
EP  - 348
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We consider the relation among collapsars, supernovae, X-ray flashes, and other possible off-axis phenomena, e.g., uv-transients. New three-dimensional calculations are presented of relativistic jet propagation and break out in a massive Wolf-Rayet star. The supernovae that accompany GRBs are novel and need not be standard candles. Because of continuing energy input at late times, afterglows need not uniquely reflect either the opening angle or the energy of GRBs. The structure of the jet is neither a top hat nor a (single) Gaussian, and energy and Lorentz factor do not have the same angular dependence. We speculate on the existence of other forms of high energy transients at high redshift. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - WOLF-Rayet stars
KW  - EARLY stars
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ASTRONOMY
N1  - Accession Number: 14592915; Woosley, S. E. 1 Zhang, W. 1 Heger, A. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, UCSC, Santa Cruz CA 95064  2: Group T6, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago Chicago, IL 60637; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p343; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: WOLF-Rayet stars; Subject Term: EARLY stars; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810862
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592915&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fryer, Chris L.
AU  - Dupuis, Rejean
T1  - Stellar Collapse and the Formation of Black Holes.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 375
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We review the engines behind neutrino-driven supernovae and gamma-ray bursts. Combined with our understanding of the convection-enhanced, neutrino-driven supernova mechanism, the stellar collapse can explain all of the supernova-like explosions observed from normal supernovae, to weak explosions and jet-like hypernovae. Combining this theoretical understanding with observations suggests that the collapsar rate is roughly 1/1000th that of normal supernovae. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERNOVAE
KW  - BLACK holes (Astronomy)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Astrophysics)
KW  - GALACTIC X-ray sources
KW  - CATACLYSMIC variable stars
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592910; Fryer, Chris L. 1 Dupuis, Rejean 2; Affiliation:  1: T-6, MS B227, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Physics & Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p371; Subject Term: SUPERNOVAE; Subject Term: BLACK holes (Astronomy); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Astrophysics); Subject Term: GALACTIC X-ray sources; Subject Term: CATACLYSMIC variable stars; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810867
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592910&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Weiqun
AU  - Woosley, S. E.
AU  - Heger, A.
T1  - Numerical Simulations of Relativistic Jets in Collapsars.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 376
EP  - 379
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Relativistic jets in collapsars are studied by numerical simulations. Such jets are believed to give rise to outbursts of high-energy emission known as gamma-ray bursts. The propagation and break out of the jets are examined in multi-dimensional numerical simulations using a special relativistic hydrodynamics code. During its propagation, the jet is collimated by the passage through the stellar mantle. As it erupts, the highly relativistic jet core is surrounded by a cocoon of less energetic, but still moderately relativistic ejecta that expands and becomes visible at larger polar angles. We predict a distribution of energy and Lorentz factor with viewing angle in the jet beam and its cocoon. These imply that what is seen may vary greatly with viewing angle. In particular, we predict the existence of a large number of low energy GRBs with mild Lorentz factors that may be related to GRB 980425/SN 1998bw and to the recently recognized cosmological X-ray flashes. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELATIVISTIC astrophysics
KW  - RELATIVITY (Physics)
KW  - JETS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - X-ray bursts
N1  - Accession Number: 14592909; Zhang, Weiqun 1 Woosley, S. E. 1 Heger, A. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, UCSC, Santa Cruz CA 95064  2: Group T6, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago Chicago, IL 60637; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p376; Subject Term: RELATIVISTIC astrophysics; Subject Term: RELATIVITY (Physics); Subject Term: JETS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810868
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592909&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gorosabel, J.
AU  - Fynbo, J. P. U.
AU  - Fruchter, A. S.
AU  - Nugent, P.
AU  - Castro Cerón, J. M.
AU  - Levan, A.
AU  - Rhoads, J.
AU  - Bersier, D.
AU  - Burud, I.
AU  - Castro-Tirado, A. J.
AU  - Hjorth, J.
T1  - The Optical Afterglow of GRB 020305.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 537
EP  - 540
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report ground-based and HST(+STIS) imaging of the GRB 020305 optical afterglow. The light curve and the spectral energy distribution of the afterglow might show evidence of a supernova (SN) component present ∼ 15 days after the GRB, which could be explained by a nearby Ic SN. However, a SN 1998bw-like template does not yield a completely satisfactory simultaneous fit to the SED and the lightcurve. We discuss some possible reasons for this behaviour. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - LIGHT curves
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL spectroscopy
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592874; Gorosabel, J. 1 Fynbo, J. P. U. 2 Fruchter, A. S. Nugent, P. 3 Castro Cerón, J. M. Levan, A. 4 Rhoads, J. Bersier, D. Burud, I. Castro-Tirado, A. J. 1 Hjorth, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Camino Bajo de Huétor, 24, E-18008 Granada, Spain  2: Department of physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 50-F, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7Rh, UK  5: Niels Bohr Institute, Astronomical Observatory, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p537; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: LIGHT curves; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL spectroscopy; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810903
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592874&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terrell, James
AU  - Klebesadel, Ray W.
T1  - DMSP 14 Observations of GRB011121 and the Giant SGR1900+14 Flare of 98/08/27.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 541
EP  - 544
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The bright gamma-ray burst GRB011121 was observed by DMSP 13 and DMSP 14 at a time resolution of 2s. Event data also obtained by DMSP 14 covered 13.1s of the burst at a time resolution of 12.8ms, and an energy range of 53–3000 keV. Fourier analysis gives evidence, at 95% confidence, of a 1.7s oscillation in the event data. DMSP 14 data for the giant 98/08/27 flare of SGR 1900+14 are also presented, giving high-time-resolution data, not previously available, on the initial outburst. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592873; Terrell, James 1 Klebesadel, Ray W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ISR-2, MS B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p541; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810904
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592873&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salmonson, Jay D.
T1  - An Integrated Universal Collapsar Gamma-ray Burst Model.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
EP  - 551
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Starting with two assumptions: (1) gamma-ray bursts originate from stellar death phenomena or so called “collapsars” and (2) that these bursts are quasi-universal, whereby the majority of the observed variation is due to our perspective of the jet, an integrated gamma-ray burst model is proposed. It is found that several of the key correlations in the data can be naturally explained with this simple picture and another possible correlation is predicted. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - STELLAR dynamics
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592872; Salmonson, Jay D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Liveremore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p547; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: STELLAR dynamics; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810905
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592872&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakagawa, Y. E.
AU  - Yamazaki, T.
AU  - Suzuki, M.
AU  - Yoshida, A.
AU  - Kawai, N.
AU  - Takahashi, D.
AU  - Matsuoka, M.
AU  - Shirasaki, Y.
AU  - Tamagawa, T.
AU  - Torii, K.
AU  - Sakamoto, T.
AU  - Urata, Y.
AU  - Sato, R.
AU  - Yamamoto, Y.
AU  - Fenimore, E. E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - Lamb, D. Q.
AU  - Graziani, C.
AU  - Ricker, G.
T1  - Observations of X-ray Bursts by HETE-2.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 566
EP  - 569
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The scientific instruments aboard HETE-2 are pointed to the Galactic center region each summer. The WXM has detected more than 407 X-ray busrts from 17 known X-ray burst sources such as GS 1826-238, 4U 1850-087 and 4U 1820-30. In particular, 173 events were localized to GS 1826-238 in 2001, 2002 and 2003. We find that the X-ray bursts from GS 1826-238 were produced periodically with recurrence intervals of 4.20, 3.57 and 3.73 hours in 2001, 2002 and 2003 respectively. These recurrence intervals until 2002 are shorter than that observed with Beppo-SAX/WFC from 1996 to 1998. In contrast, the interval in 2003 is slightly increasing. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - X-ray astronomy
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592868; Nakagawa, Y. E. 1 Yamazaki, T. 1 Suzuki, M. 2 Yoshida, A. 1 Kawai, N. 2 Takahashi, D. 1 Matsuoka, M. 3 Shirasaki, Y. 4 Tamagawa, T. 5 Torii, K. 5 Sakamoto, T. 2 Urata, Y. 2 Sato, R. 2 Yamamoto, Y. 5 Fenimore, E. E. 6 Galassi, M. 6 Lamb, D. Q. 7 Graziani, C. 7 Ricker, G. 8; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan  2: Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan  3: JAXA, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 304–8505, Japan  4: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan  5: RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351–0198, Japan  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  7: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637  8: Center for Space Research, Massachusetts Institude of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p566; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray astronomy; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810909
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592868&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakamoto, T.
AU  - Nakagawa, Y.
AU  - Torii, K.
AU  - Shirasaki, Y.
AU  - Tamagawa, T.
AU  - Kawai, N.
AU  - Yoshida, A.
AU  - Matsuoka, M.
AU  - Fenimore, E. E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - Lamb, D. Q.
AU  - Graziani, C.
AU  - Donaghy, T. Q.
AU  - Atteia, J.-L.
AU  - Barraud, C.
AU  - Boer, M.
AU  - Dezalay, J.-P.
AU  - Olive, J.-F.
T1  - In-flight Calibration of the HETE-2 WXM Detector Response.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 618
EP  - 621
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present the in-flight calibration results of the detector response matrices of the X-ray instrument, Wide-field X-ray Monitor (WXM), on board the HETE-2 satellite. WXM consists of four one-dimensional position-sensitive proportional counters and two sets of one-dimensional coded aperture. Its energy range is 2–25 keV. The detector response matrix (DRM) of WXM is calculated numerically using the ground measurements for each anode wire. It is then calibrated with the observation of the Crab nebula in December 2001 and January 2002. The spectral parameters and the normalization of the spectra are investigated at various incident angles, and compared with the known values in literature. With the current DRM, the derived spectral parameters are mostly consistent with the values in literature, expect for 10–20% uncertainty in normalization for individual anode wires, and at large incidence angles. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14592857; Sakamoto, T. 1,2 Nakagawa, Y. 3 Torii, K. 2 Shirasaki, Y. 4 Tamagawa, T. 2 Kawai, N. 1 Yoshida, A. 3 Matsuoka, M. 5 Fenimore, E. E. 6 Galassi, M. 6 Lamb, D. Q. 7 Graziani, C. 7 Donaghy, T. Q. 7 Atteia, J.-L. 8 Barraud, C. 8 Boer, M. 9 Dezalay, J.-P. 9 Olive, J.-F. 9; Affiliation:  1: Tokyo Institute of Technology  2: The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN)  3: Aoyama Gakuin University  4: National Astronomical Observatory  5: Tsukuba Space Center, National Space Development Agency of Japan  6: Los Alamos National Laboratory  7: University of Chicago  8: Observatoire Midi-Pyreńées  9: CNRS; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p618; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810920
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592857&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krimm, Hans A.
AU  - Banat, Piotr
AU  - Barthelmy, Scott D.
AU  - Belloni, Tomaso
AU  - Cummings, Jay R.
AU  - Dean, Anthony
AU  - Fenimore, Edward E.
AU  - Gehrels, Neil
AU  - Markwardt, Craig B.
AU  - Palmer, David M.
AU  - Parsons, Ann M.
AU  - Tueller, Jack
AU  - Willis, David
T1  - Swift Burst Alert Telescope Hard X-Ray Monitor and Survey.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 655
EP  - 658
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on the Swift gamma ray burst mission will perform the first new all sky hard X-ray survey since 1977. Swift will perform pointings covering >64% of the sky each day and achieve an integrated systematics limited sensitivity in three years of 0.6 milliCrabs for sources well off the galactic plane. This survey is expected to identify hundreds of new highly obscured AGN. BAT will also serve as a sensitive rapid response X-ray outburst and transient monitor. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray astronomy
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14592849; Krimm, Hans A. 1,2 Banat, Piotr 3 Barthelmy, Scott D. 1 Belloni, Tomaso 3 Cummings, Jay R. 1 Dean, Anthony 4 Fenimore, Edward E. 5 Gehrels, Neil 1 Markwardt, Craig B. 1,6 Palmer, David M. 5 Parsons, Ann M. 1 Tueller, Jack 1 Willis, David 4; Affiliation:  1: Code 661, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  2: Universities Space Research Assoc., 7501 Forbes Blvd., Suite 206, Seabrook, MD 20706, USA  3: Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via E. Bianchi 46, 23–807 Merate (LC), Italy  4: University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom SO17 1BJ  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 84545  6: Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p655; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray astronomy; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810928
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592849&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krimm, Hans A.
AU  - Barbier, Louis M.
AU  - Barthelmy, Scott D.
AU  - Cummings, Jay R.
AU  - Fenimore, Edward E.
AU  - Gehrels, Neil
AU  - Hullinger, Derek D.
AU  - Markwardt, Craig B.
AU  - Palmer, David M.
AU  - Parsons, Ann M.
AU  - Tueller, Jack
T1  - Swift Burst Alert Telescope Data Products and Analysis Software.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 659
EP  - 662
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on the Swift gamma-ray burst mission serves as the GRB trigger for Swift as well as a sensitive imaging telescope for the energy range of 15–150 keV. All BAT data products will be available to the astronomical community along with a complete set of analysis tools. Gamma-ray burst data products include rapid discovery messages delivered immediately via the GRB Coordinates Network, and event-by-event data from which light curves and spectra of the burst are generated. During nominal operations, the instrument provides accumulated survey histograms with 5-minute time sampling and appropriate energy resolution. These survey accumulations are analyzed in a pipeline to detect new sources and derive light curves of known sources. The 5-minute surveys will also be combined to produce the BAT all sky hard X-ray survey. In addition, the instrument accumulates high time resolution light curves of the brightest BAT sources in multiple energy bands, which are merged into a source light curve database on the ground. The BAT science data products and analysis tools will be described in this paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14592848; Krimm, Hans A. 1,2 Barbier, Louis M. 1 Barthelmy, Scott D. 1 Cummings, Jay R. 1 Fenimore, Edward E. 3 Gehrels, Neil 1 Hullinger, Derek D. 1,4 Markwardt, Craig B. 1,4 Palmer, David M. 3 Parsons, Ann M. 3 Tueller, Jack 1; Affiliation:  1: Code 661, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA  2: Universities Space Research Assoc., 7501 Forbes Blvd., Suite 206, Seabrook, MD 20706, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 84545, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p659; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810929
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592848&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palmer, D. M.
AU  - Fenimore, E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - McLean, K.
AU  - Tavenner, T.
AU  - Barthelmy, S.
AU  - Blau, M.
AU  - Cummings, J.
AU  - Gehrels, N.
AU  - Hullinger, D.
AU  - Krimm, H.
AU  - Markwardt, C.
AU  - Mason, R.
AU  - Ong, J.
AU  - Polk, J.
AU  - Parsons, A.
AU  - Shackelford, L.
AU  - Tueller, J.
AU  - Walling, S.
AU  - Okada, Y.
T1  - The BAT-Swift Science Software.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 663
EP  - 666
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The BAT instrument tells Swift where to point to make immediate follow-up observations of GRBs. The science software on board must efficiently process γ-ray events coming in at up to 34 kHz, identify rate increases that could be due to GRBs while disregarding those from known sources, and produce images to accurately and rapidly locate new Gamma-ray sources. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - COMPUTER software
N1  - Accession Number: 14592847; Palmer, D. M. 1 Fenimore, E. 1 Galassi, M. 1 McLean, K. 1 Tavenner, T. 1 Barthelmy, S. 2 Blau, M. 2 Cummings, J. 2 Gehrels, N. 2 Hullinger, D. 2 Krimm, H. 2 Markwardt, C. 2 Mason, R. 2 Ong, J. 2 Polk, J. 2 Parsons, A. 2 Shackelford, L. 2 Tueller, J. 2 Walling, S. 2 Okada, Y. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA  3: University of Tokyo, Saitama University, Japan  4: ISAS, Japan; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p663; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810930
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592847&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLean, Kassandra M.
AU  - Fenimore, E. E.
AU  - Palmer, David
AU  - Barthelmy, S.
AU  - Gehrels, N.
AU  - Krimm, H.
AU  - Markwardt, C.
AU  - Parsons, A.
T1  - Setting the Triggering Thresholds on Swift.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 667
EP  - 670
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on Swift has two main types of “rate” triggers: short and long. Short trigger time scales range from 4ms to 64ms, while long triggers are 64ms to ≈ 16 seconds. While both short and long trigger have criteria with one background sample (traditional “one-sided” triggers), the long triggers can also have criteria with two background samples (“bracketed” triggers) which remove trends in the background. Both long and short triggers can select energy ranges of 15–25, 15–50, 25–100 and 50–350 KeV. There are more than 180 short triggering criteria and approximately 500 long triggering criteria used to detect gamma ray bursts. To fully utilize these criteria, the thresholds must be set correctly. The optimum thresholds are determined by a tradeoff between avoiding false triggers and capturing as many bursts as possible. We use realistic simulated orbital variations, which are the prime cause of false triggers. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTRONOMY
N1  - Accession Number: 14592846; McLean, Kassandra M. 1,2 Fenimore, E. E. 1 Palmer, David 1 Barthelmy, S. 3 Gehrels, N. 3 Krimm, H. 3 Markwardt, C. 3 Parsons, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory  2: University of Texas at Dallas  3: Goddard Space Flight Center; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p667; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810931
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592846&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parsons, A.
AU  - Barthelmy, S.
AU  - Cummings, J.
AU  - Gehrels, N.
AU  - Hullinger, D.
AU  - Krimm, H.
AU  - Markwardt, C.
AU  - Tueller, J.
AU  - Fenimore, E.
AU  - Palmer, D.
AU  - Sato, G.
AU  - Takahashi, T.
AU  - Nakazawa, K.
AU  - Okada, Y.
AU  - Takahashi, H.
AU  - Suzuki, M.
AU  - Tashiro, M.
T1  - Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) Instrument Response.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 671
EP  - 674
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Burst Alert Telescope (BAT), a large coded aperture instrument with a wide field-of-view (FOV), provides the gamma-ray burst triggers and locations for the Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Explorer. In addition to providing this imaging information, BAT will perform a 15 keV – 150 keV all-sky hard x-ray survey based on the serendipitous pointings resulting from the study of gamma-ray bursts, and will also monitor the sky for transient hard x-ray sources. For BAT to provide spectral and photometric information for the gamma-ray bursts, the transient sources and the all-sky survey, the BAT instrument response must be determined to an increasingly greater accuracy. This paper describes the spectral models and the ground calibration experiments used to determine the BAT response to an accuracy suitable for gamma-ray burst studies. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - ASTRONOMY
N1  - Accession Number: 14592845; Parsons, A. 1 Barthelmy, S. 1 Cummings, J. 1 Gehrels, N. 1 Hullinger, D. 1 Krimm, H. 1 Markwardt, C. 1 Tueller, J. 1 Fenimore, E. 2 Palmer, D. 2 Sato, G. 3 Takahashi, T. 3 Nakazawa, K. 3 Okada, Y. 4 Takahashi, H. 4 Suzuki, M. 5 Tashiro, M. 5; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory  3: Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan  4: University of Tokyo, Japan  5: Saitama University, Japan; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p671; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810932
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592845&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hartmann, D. H.
AU  - Grindlay, J.
AU  - Hong, J.
AU  - Loeb, A.
AU  - Blandford, R.
AU  - Craig, W.
AU  - Fishman, J.
AU  - Kouveliotou, C.
AU  - Gehrels, N.
AU  - Band, D.
AU  - Harrison, F.
AU  - Woosley, S. E.
T1  - Observing GRBs with EXIST.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 680
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We describe the Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope EXIST, designed to carry out a sensitive all-sky survey in the 10 keV – 600 keV band. The primary goal of EXIST is to find black holes in the local and distant universe. EXIST also traces cosmic star formation via gamma-ray bursts and gamma-ray lines from radioactive elements ejected by supernovae and novae. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - COSMOLOGICAL distances
KW  - STARS -- Formation
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
N1  - Accession Number: 14592844; Hartmann, D. H. 1 Grindlay, J. 2 Hong, J. 2 Loeb, A. 2 Blandford, R. 3 Craig, W. 4 Fishman, J. 5,6 Kouveliotou, C. 5,6 Gehrels, N. 7 Band, D. 7 Harrison, F. 8 Woosley, S. E. 9; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC  2: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA  3: Stanford Linear Accelerator, Stanford University, Stanford, CA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA  5: NASA, Marshal Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL  6: NSSTC, Huntsville, AL  7: NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD  8: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA  9: Dept. of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The University of California, Santa Cruz, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p677; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: COSMOLOGICAL distances; Subject Term: STARS -- Formation; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810933
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592844&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhat, P. N.
AU  - Meegan, C. A.
AU  - Lichti, G. G.
AU  - Briggs, M. S.
AU  - Connaughton, V.
AU  - Diehl, R.
AU  - Fishman, G. J.
AU  - Greiner, J.
AU  - Kippen, R. M.
AU  - Kouveliotou, C.
AU  - Paciesas, W. S.
AU  - Preece, R. D.
AU  - Schönfelder, V.
AU  - Wilson, R. B.
AU  - von Kienlin, A.
T1  - The GLAST Burst Monitor.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 684
EP  - 687
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) mission is a followup to the successful EGRET experiment onboard the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO). It will provide a high-sensitivity survey of the sky in high-energy γ-rays, and will perform detailed observations of persistent and transient sources. There are two experiments onboard the GLAST — the Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the GLAST Burst Monitor (GBM). The primary mission of the GBM instrument is to support the LAT in observing γ-ray bursts (GRBs) by providing low-energy measurements with high time resolution and rapid burst locations over a large field-of-view (>= 8 sr). The GBM will complement the LAT measurements by observing GRBs in the energy range 10 keV to 30 MeV, the region of the spectral turnover in most GRBs. An important objective of the GBM is to compute the locations of GRB sources on-board the spacecraft and quickly communicate them to the LAT and to the ground to allow rapid followup observations. This information may be used to re-point the LAT towards particularly interesting burst sources that occurred outside its field-of-view. The GBM consists of 14 uncollimated scintillation detectors coupled to phototubes to measure γ-ray energies and time profiles. Two types of detectors are used to obtain spectral information over a wide energy range: 12 NaI(Tl) detectors (10 keV to 1 MeV), and 2 BGO detectors (150 keV to 30 MeV). The detectors are distributed around the GLAST spacecraft to provide a large, unobstructed field of view. The 12 NaI(Tl) detectors are mounted with different orientations for use in locating GRB sources. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14592842; Bhat, P. N. 1 Meegan, C. A. 2 Lichti, G. G. 3 Briggs, M. S. 1 Connaughton, V. 1 Diehl, R. 3 Fishman, G. J. 2 Greiner, J. 3 Kippen, R. M. 4 Kouveliotou, C. 2,5 Paciesas, W. S. 1 Preece, R. D. 1 Schönfelder, V. 3 Wilson, R. B. 2 von Kienlin, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Alabama in Huntsville  2: NASA Marshall Space Flight Center  3: Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory  5: Universities Space Research Association; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p684; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810935
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592842&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Band, D.
AU  - Briggs, M.
AU  - Connaughton, V.
AU  - Kippen, M.
AU  - Preece, R.
T1  - GLAST’s GBM Burst Trigger.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 688
EP  - 691
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The GLAST Burst Monitor (GBM) will detect and localize bursts for the GLAST mission, and provide the spectral and temporal context in the traditional 10 keV to 25 MeV band for the high energy observations by the Large Area Telescope (LAT). The GBM will use traditional rate triggers in up to three energy bands, and on a variety of timescales between 16 ms and 16 s. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
N1  - Accession Number: 14592841; Band, D. 1 Briggs, M. 2 Connaughton, V. 2 Kippen, M. 3 Preece, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Code 661, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771  2: National Space Science and Technology Center, Huntsville, AL 35805  3: NIS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p688; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810936
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592841&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vestrand, W. T.
AU  - Casperson, D. J.
AU  - Ho, C.
AU  - Raby, E.
AU  - Shirey, R.
AU  - Thompson, D.
AU  - White, R. R.
AU  - Wren, J.
T1  - Exploring the First Minute: New Technology for Measuring Color and Polarization Variations in Prompt Optical Emission.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 719
EP  - 722
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - With the coming launch of the Swift satellite, there will be many new opportunities to study the physics of the prompt optical emission from gamma ray bursts with robotic ground-based telescopes. We discuss a new imaging system under development at Los Alamos National Laboratory that will provide simultaneous multicolor photometry of the rapidly evolving prompt optical emission in the first minutes after a burst trigger. This next generation system employs state-of-the-art photon-counting imaging technology at the focal plane of a rapidly slewing telescope. The imaging sensor is composed of an S-20 photocathode, stacked microchannel plates, and crossed delay line readout electronics that together are capable of measuring the time of arrival and positions for individual optical photons with 200 picosecond time resolution. The imager is coupled with electronically tunable liquid-crystal filters to provide essentially simultaneous linear polarization and multicolor photometric measurements of the prompt optical emission from a gamma ray bursts. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - PHOTOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14592834; Vestrand, W. T. 1 Casperson, D. J. 1 Ho, C. 1 Raby, E. 2 Shirey, R. 1 Thompson, D. 2 White, R. R. 1 Wren, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ISR-2, MS B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P-21, MS D454, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p719; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: PHOTOMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810943
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592834&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, G. G.
AU  - Park, H. S.
AU  - Barthelmy, S. D.
AU  - Hartmann, D. H.
AU  - Hurley, K. C.
AU  - Milne, P. A.
AU  - Lindsay, K. J.
AU  - Bradshaw, M.
AU  - Wurtz, R. E.
AU  - Wickersham, J.
T1  - The Search for Optical and Near-Infrared Counterparts of GRBs with the Super-LOTIS Telescope.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 723
EP  - 727
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The 0.6-m Super-LOTIS (Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System) telescope is a fully robotic system dedicated to the search for prompt optical emission from gamma-ray bursts. The telescope began routine operations from its Steward Observatory site atop Kitt Peak in April 2000. We summarize the current capabilities of the system and present some recent scientific results. A progress report is given on the upgrade of the system to allow for simultaneous near-infrared (NIR) and optical imaging. This upgrade will be completed to coincide with the launch of the Swift GRB explorer mission in mid-2004. Swift will have the capability of localizing very high redshift GRBs but absorption by the Ly-α forest prohibits optical detection of z > 5 bursts. NIR observations can detect GRBs out to z ∼ 10. Although Swift is a multi-wavelength observatory capable of observing GRBs from the hard x-rays to the optical it has no NIR capability. The upgraded Super-LOTIS telescope will fill this NIR need. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - IMAGING systems in astronomy
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - X-ray bursts
N1  - Accession Number: 14592833; Williams, G. G. 1 Park, H. S. 2 Barthelmy, S. D. 3 Hartmann, D. H. 4 Hurley, K. C. 5 Milne, P. A. 6 Lindsay, K. J. 4 Bradshaw, M. 6 Wurtz, R. E. 2 Wickersham, J. 7; Affiliation:  1: MMTO, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550  3: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771  4: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29635-0978  5: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  6: Steward Observatory, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721  7: UC Davis/LLNL, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p723; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in astronomy; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: X-ray bursts; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810944
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14592833&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vestrand, W. T.
AU  - Borozdin, K.
AU  - Casperson, D. J.
AU  - Davidoff, S.
AU  - Davis, H.
AU  - Fenimore, E.
AU  - Galassi, M.
AU  - McGowan, K.
AU  - Starr, D.
AU  - White, R. R.
AU  - Wozniak, P.
AU  - Wren, J.
T1  - Mining the Sky for Explosive Optical Transients with Both Eyes Open.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 727
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 728
EP  - 732
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - While it has been known for centuries that the optical sky is variable, monitoring the sky for optical transients with durations as short as a minute is an area of astronomical research that remains largely unexplored. Prompt follow-up observations of Gamma Ray Bursts have shown that bright, explosive, optical transients exist. However, there are many reasons to suspect the existence of explosive optical transients that cannot be located through sky monitoring by high-energy satellites. The RAPTOR sky monitoring system is an autonomous system of telescope arrays at Los Alamos National Laboratory that identifies fast optical transients as short as a minute and makes follow-up observations in real time. The core of the RAPTOR system is composed of two arrays of telescopes, separated by 38 kilometers, that stereoscopically monitor a field of about 1300 square degrees for transients down to about 12.5th magnitude in 30 seconds. Both arrays are coupled to real-time data analysis pipelines that are designed to identify transients on timescales of seconds. Each telescope array also contains a more sensitive higher resolution “fovea” telescope, capable of both measuring the light curve at a faster cadence and providing color information. In a manner analogous to human vision, each array is mounted on a rapidly slewing mount so that the “fovea” of the array can be rapidly directed for real-time follow-up observations of any interesting transient identified by the wide-field system. We discuss the first results from RAPTOR and show that stereoscopic imaging and the absence of measurable parallax is a powerful tool for distinguishing real celestial transients in the “forest” of false positives. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL research
KW  - GAMMA ray bursts
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - GAMMA ray astronomy
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ASTRONOMICAL instruments
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14592832; Vestrand, W. T. 1 Borozdin, K. 2 Casperson, D. J. 1 Davidoff, S. 2 Davis, H. 1 Fenimore, E. 1 Galassi, M. 1 McGowan, K. 2 Starr, D. 2 White, R. R. 1 Wozniak, P. 2 Wren, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ISR-2, MS B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ISR-2, MS D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 727 Issue 1, p728; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL research; Subject Term: GAMMA ray bursts; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: GAMMA ray astronomy; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ASTRONOMICAL instruments; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810945
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luchansky, Sarah J.
AU  - Argade, Sulabha
AU  - Hayes, Bradley K.
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
T1  - Metabolic Functionalization of Recombinant.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 43
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 12358
EP  - 12366
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Glycoproteins are essential for cellular communication and are the most rapidly growing class of therapeutic agents. Chemical modification of glycoproteins has been employed to improve their in vivo efficacy or to label them for detection. Methods for the controlled derivatization of glycoproteins are presently limited by the repertoire of natural amino acid side chain and carbohydrate functionalities. Here, we use metabolic oligosaccharide engineering to introduce a bioorthogonal functional group, the azide, into cellular and recombinant glycoproteins for subsequent chemical elaboration via Staudinger ligation. As most therapeutic glycoproteins are sialylated and require this saccharide for optimal pharmacokinetics, we targeted sialic acid as a host for azides using N-azidoacetylmannosamine (ManNAz) as a biosynthetic precursor. Metabolic conversion of ManNAz to N-azidoacetylsialic acid (SiaNAz) within membrane-bound and secreted glycoproteins was quantified in a variety of cell types. SiaNAz was found to comprise between 4% and 41% of total sialosides, depending on the system. Metabolic labeling of recombinant interferon-β and GlyCAM-Ig was achieved, demonstrating the utility of the method for functionalizing N-linked and O-linked glycoproteins of therapeutic interest. More generally, the generation of recombinant glycoproteins containing chemical handles within their glycans provides a means for studying their behavior and for improving their in vivo efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - CELL interaction (Biology)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
KW  - FUNCTIONAL groups
N1  - Accession Number: 14653132; Luchansky, Sarah J. 1 Argade, Sulabha 2 Hayes, Bradley K. 2 Bertozzi, Carolyn R. 1,3; Email Address: crb@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Glycotechnology Core Resource Facility, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.; Source Info: 9/28/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 38, p12358; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: CELL interaction (Biology); Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL groups; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scott, Henry P.
AU  - Hemley, Russell J.
AU  - Mao, Ho-kwang
AU  - Herschbach, Dudley R.
AU  - Fried, Laurence E.
AU  - Howard, W. Michael
AU  - Bastea, Sorin
T1  - Generation of methane in the Earth's mantle: In situ high pressure -- temperature measurements of carbonate reduction.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 101
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 14023
EP  - 14026
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We present in situ observations of hydrocarbon formation via carbonate reduction at upper mantle pressures and temperatures. Methane was formed from FeO, CaCO3-calcite, and water at pressures between 5 and 11 GPa and temperatures ranging from 500°C to 1,500°C. The results are shown to be consistent with multiphase thermodynamic calculations based on the statistical mechanics of soft particle mixtures. The study demonstrates the existence of abiogenic pathways for the formation of hydrocarbons in the Earth's interior and suggests that the hydrocarbon budget of the bulk Earth may be larger than conventionally assumed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANE
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - CARBONATES
KW  - AMMONIUM carbonate
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14732629; Scott, Henry P. 1,2; Email Address: hpscott@iusb.edu Hemley, Russell J. 2 Mao, Ho-kwang 2 Herschbach, Dudley R. 3 Fried, Laurence E. 4 Howard, W. Michael 4 Bastea, Sorin 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Indiana University, South Bend, IN 46634  2: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015  3: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138  4: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  5: Physics and Advanced Technologies Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 9/28/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 39, p14023; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: CARBONATES; Subject Term: AMMONIUM carbonate; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0405930101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei-gang Qiu
AU  - Schutzert, Steven E.
AU  - Bruno, John F.
AU  - Attie, Oliver
AU  - Yun Xu
AU  - Dunn, John J.
AU  - Fraser, Claire M.
AU  - Casjens, Sherwood R.
AU  - Luft, Benjamin J.
T1  - Genetic exchange and plasmid transfers in Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto revealed by three-way genome comparisons and multilocus sequence typing.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/09/28/
VL  - 101
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 14150
EP  - 14155
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Comparative genomics of closely related bacterial isolates is a powerful method for uncovering virulence and other important genome elements. We determined draft sequences (8-fold coverage) of the genomes of strains JD1 and N40 of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative agent of Lyme disease, and we compared the predicted genes from the two genomes with those from the previously sequenced B31 genome. The three genomes are closely related and are evolutionarily approximately equidistant ( &ap; 0.5% pairwise nucleotide differences on the main chromosome). We used a Poisson model of nucleotide substitution to screen for genes with elevated levels of nucleotide polymorphisms. The three-way genome comparison allowed distinction between polymorphisms introduced by mutations and those introduced by recombination using the method of phylogenetic partitioning. Tests for recombination suggested that patches of high-density nucleotide polymorphisms on the chromosome and plasmids arise by DNA exchange. The role of recombination as the main mechanism driving B. burgdorferi diversification was confirmed by multilocus sequence typing of 18 clinical isolates at 18 polymorphic loci. A strong linkage between the multilocus sequence genotypes and the major alleles of outer-surface protein C (ospC) suggested that balancing selection at ospC is a dominant force maintaining B. burgdorferi diversity in local populations. We conclude that B. burgdorferi undergoes genome-wide genetic exchange, including plasmid transfers, and previous reports of its clonality are artifacts from the use of geographically and ecological isolated samples. Frequent recombination implies a potential for rapid adaptive evolution and a possible polygenic basis of B. burgdorferi pathogenicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - LYME disease
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
N1  - Accession Number: 14732652; Wei-gang Qiu; Email Address: weigang@genectr.hunter.cuny.edu Schutzert, Steven E. 1 Bruno, John F. 2 Attie, Oliver 3 Yun Xu 2 Dunn, John J. 4 Fraser, Claire M. 5 Casjens, Sherwood R. 6 Luft, Benjamin J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103.  2: Department of Medicine, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794.  3: Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10021.  4: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11793.  5: Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 200850.  6: Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City, UT 84132.; Source Info: 9/28/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 39, p14150; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: LYME disease; Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0402745101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yuzvinsky, T. D.
AU  - Fennimore, A. M.
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Engineering Nanomotor Components from Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes via Reactive Ion Etching.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/29/
VL  - 723
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 512
EP  - 515
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - It has been shown that a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) can be used as the rotation enabling element for nanoelectromechanical systems. Modification of the MWCNT to create a rotational bearing in previous devices has concentrated on smaller diameter tubes and mechanical methods to create the bearing. We here investigate reactive ion etching of a MWCNT as a means to engineer nanomotor components, including the rotational bearing. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 15026566; Yuzvinsky, T. D. 1,2 Fennimore, A. M. 1,2 Zettl, A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 723 Issue 1, p512; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812139
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fennimore, A. M.
AU  - Yuzvinsky, T. D.
AU  - Regan, B. C.
AU  - Zetti, A.
T1  - Electrically Driven Vaporization Of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes For Rotary Bearing Creation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/09/29/
VL  - 723
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 587
EP  - 590
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have previously reported on the creation of nanoscale rotational actuators based on multiwall carbon nanotubes. During the fabrication of these devices, we torsionally sheared the outer walls of the MWCNT to form a rotational bearing. We have designed an alternate technique for forming a rotational bearing geometry using electrically driven vaporization (EDV) of multiwall nanotube shells. While applying this technique, we have discovered an interesting failure mode. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - AUTOMATIC control
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15026585; Fennimore, A. M. 1,2 Yuzvinsky, T. D. 1,2 Regan, B. C. 1,2 Zetti, A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 723 Issue 1, p587; Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC control; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812155
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hou, Jingwen
AU  - Wilder, Phillip J.
AU  - Bernadt, Cory T.
AU  - Boer, Brian
AU  - Neve, Richard M.
AU  - Rizzino, Angie
T1  - Transcriptional regulation of the murine Elf3 gene in embryonal carcinoma cells and their differentiated counterparts: requirement for a novel upstream regulatory region
JO  - Gene
JF  - Gene
Y1  - 2004/09/29/
VL  - 340
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 131
SN  - 03781119
AB  - The transcription factor Elf3, which is one of over 25 Ets family members, is expressed in a wide variety of carcinomas and has been shown to promote the transcription of many genes implicated in cancer. To understand how the Elf3 gene is regulated at the transcriptional level, we probed its 5′-flanking region, and we report here the identification of both proximal and distal regions that regulate murine Elf3 promoter activity. In addition to mapping the transcription start site of the Elf3 gene, the work described in this study identifies four cis-regulatory elements in the proximal promoter region of the gene. These include a cis-regulatory element previously designated ESE, a κB site, a POU motif, and a CCAAT box. In addition, we demonstrate that a novel 94 bp region 2 kb upstream of the transcription start site significantly elevates Elf3 promoter activity in F9-differentiated cells, but not in the parental F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. This region appears to be largely responsible for the increase in Elf3 promoter activity that accompanies the differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Gene is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - CANCER cells
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - Differentiation
KW  - Distal enhancer
KW  - electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)
KW  - embryonal carcinoma (EC)
KW  - ERT
KW  - ESE1
KW  - ESX
KW  - Ets proteins
KW  - Gene regulation
KW  - Jen
KW  - rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5′-RACE)
KW  - retinoic acid (RA)
KW  - type II TGF-β-receptor (TβR-II)
N1  - Accession Number: 14429349; Hou, Jingwen 1 Wilder, Phillip J. 1 Bernadt, Cory T. 1,2 Boer, Brian 1,2 Neve, Richard M. 3 Rizzino, Angie 1,2; Email Address: arizzino@unmc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, USA  2: Department of Pathology and Microbiology at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, USA  3: Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 340 Issue 1, p123; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: CANCER cells; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differentiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distal enhancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA); Author-Supplied Keyword: embryonal carcinoma (EC); Author-Supplied Keyword: ERT; Author-Supplied Keyword: ESE1; Author-Supplied Keyword: ESX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ets proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene regulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jen; Author-Supplied Keyword: rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5′-RACE); Author-Supplied Keyword: retinoic acid (RA); Author-Supplied Keyword: type II TGF-β-receptor (TβR-II); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gene.2004.06.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Govindaswamy, P.
AU  - Mozharivskyj, Yurij A.
AU  - Kollipara, Mohan Rao
T1  - Reactivity studies of (η6-arene)ruthenium dimeric complexes towards pyrazoles: isolation of amidines, bis pyrazoles and chloro bridged pyrazole complexes
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/09/29/
VL  - 689
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3265
EP  - 3274
SN  - 0022328X
KW  - Amidine
KW  - Hexamethylbenzene
KW  - p-Cymene
KW  - Pyrazoles
KW  - Ruthenium
N1  - Accession Number: 14374636; Govindaswamy, P. 1 Mozharivskyj, Yurij A. 2 Kollipara, Mohan Rao; Email Address: mrkollipara@yahoo.com; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 689 Issue 20, p3265; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amidine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hexamethylbenzene; Author-Supplied Keyword: p-Cymene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyrazoles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.07.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pietryga, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Schaller, Richard D.
AU  - Werder, Donald
AU  - Stewart, Michael H.
AU  - Klimov, Victor L.
AU  - Hoflingsworth, Jennifer A.
T1  - Pushing the Band Gap Envelope: Mid-Infrared Emitting Colloidal PbSe Quantum Dots.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/29/
VL  - 126
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 11752
EP  - 11753
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents information about efficient mid-infrared. Efficient mid-infrared light sources and lasers are important enablers for a variety of technologies, including gas analysis, remote sensing, and atmospheric monitoring. The Quantum Dots (QDs) discussed in this communication were synthesized via chemical routes according to two distinct variations of literature methods. Both a low-6 and a high-temperature route were utilized to produce QDs emitting over the entire energy range reported herein. After synthesis, QDs were collected by precipitating by addition of methanol, followed by centrifugation. No additional size-selection techniques were employed for either route.
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - REMOTE sensing
N1  - Accession Number: 14652854; Pietryga, Jeffrey M. 1; Email Address: jenn@lani.gov Schaller, Richard D. 1 Werder, Donald 1 Stewart, Michael H. 1 Klimov, Victor L. 1 Hoflingsworth, Jennifer A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 9/29/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 38, p11752; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Colligan, Marek
AU  - Forster, Paul M.
AU  - Cheetham, Anthony K.
AU  - Yongjae Lee
AU  - Vogt, Thomas
AU  - Hriljac, Joseph A.
T1  - Synchrotron X-ray Powder Diffraction and Computational investigation of Purely Siliceous Zeolite Y under Pressure.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/29/
VL  - 126
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 12015
EP  - 12022
SN  - 00027863
AB  - High-pressure synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction measurements of a sample of purely siliceous zeolite V (faujasite) were carried out up to 8.0 GPa at room temperature using a diamond anvil cell. Measurements using silicone oil as the pressure-transmitting medium show compression of the zeolite followed by a loss of long-range ordering at 2.2 GPa. The experimentally determined bulk modulus, 38(2) GPa, is, within experimental error, identical to that of quartz. When using a methanol:ethanol:water mixture (16:3:1) as the pressure-transmitting medium, two distinct compressibility regions are observed with a dramatic change in the compression mechanism at 4 GPa. Rietveld refinement analysis of the powder patterns provides a detailed description ot the underlying chemistry, with sequential pore filling the main response up to 4 GPa and framework distortions at higher pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - ROCK-forming minerals
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - ZEOLITES
N1  - Accession Number: 14652906; Colligan, Marek 1 Forster, Paul M. 2 Cheetham, Anthony K. 2 Yongjae Lee 3 Vogt, Thomas 3 Hriljac, Joseph A. 1; Email Address: j.a.hrijiac@bham.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 217, United Kingdom  2: Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: 9/29/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 38, p12015; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: ROCK-forming minerals; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Franco, Ignaclo
AU  - Tretiak, Sergei
T1  - Electron-Vibrational Dynamics of Photoexcited Polyfluorenes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/09/29/
VL  - 126
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 12130
EP  - 12140
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The highly polarizable zraelectron system of conjugated molecules forms the basis for their unique electronic and photophysical properties, which play an important role in numerous biological phenomena and make them important matedals for technological applications. We present a theoretical investigation of the dynamics and relaxation of photoexcited states in conjugated polyfluorenes, which are promising materials for display applications. Our analysis shows that both fast (∼20 fs) and slow (∼ 1 ps) nuclear motions couple to the electronic degrees of freedom during the excited-state dynamics. Delocalized excitations dominate the absorption, whereas emission comes from localized (self-trapped) excitons. This localization is attributed to an inherent nonlinear coupling among vibronic degrees of freedom which leads to lattice and torsional distortions and results in specific signatures in spectroscopic observables. Computed vertical absorption and fluorescence frequencies as well as photoluminescence band shapes show good agreement with experiment. Finally, we demonstrate that dimerization such as spiro-linking does not affect the emission properties of molecules because the excitation becomes confined on a single chain of the composite molecule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14652919; Franco, Ignaclo 1,2 Tretiak, Sergei 1; Email Address: serg@cnis.iant.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada; Source Info: 9/29/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 38, p12130; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Jung-Fu
AU  - Fei, Yingwei
AU  - Sturhahn, Wolfgang
AU  - Zhao, Jiyong
AU  - Mao, Ho-kwang
AU  - Hemley, Russell J.
T1  - Magnetic transition and sound velocities of Fe3S at high pressure: implications for Earth and planetary cores
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/09/30/
VL  - 226
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 40
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - Abstract: Magnetic, elastic, thermodynamic, and vibrational properties of the most iron-rich sulfide, Fe3S, known to date have been studied with synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy (SMS) and nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (NRIXS) up to 57 GPa at room temperature. The magnetic hyperfine fields derived from the time spectra of the synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy show that the low-pressure magnetic phase displays two magnetic hyperfine field sites and that a magnetic collapse occurs at 21 GPa. The magnetic to non-magnetic transition significantly affects the elastic, thermodynamic, and vibrational properties of Fe3S. The magnetic collapse of Fe3S may also affect the phase relations in the iron–sulfur system, changing the solubility of sulfur in iron under higher pressures. Determination of the physical properties of the non-magnetic Fe3S phase is important for the interpretation of the amount and properties of sulfur present in the planetary cores. Sound velocities of Fe3S obtained from the measured partial phonon density of states (PDOS) for 57Fe incorporated in the alloy show that Fe3S has higher compressional and shear wave velocity than those of hcp-Fe and hcp-Fe0.92Ni0.08 alloy under high pressures, making sulfur a potential light element in the Earth''s core based on geophysical arguments. The VP and VS of the non-magnetic Fe3S follow a Birch''s law trend whereas the slopes decrease in the magnetic phase, indicating that the decrease of the magnetic moment significantly affects the sound velocities. If the Martian core is in the solid state containing 14.2 wt.% sulfur, it is likely that the non-magnetic Fe3S phase is a dominant component and that our measured sound velocities of Fe3S can be used to construct the corresponding velocity profile of the Martian core. It is also conceivable that Fe3P and Fe3C undergo similar magnetic phase transitions under high pressures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - HIGH pressure (Technology)
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL elements
KW  - Earth's core
KW  - Fe3S
KW  - light element
KW  - sound velocity
KW  - sulfur
N1  - Accession Number: 19295428; Lin, Jung-Fu 1; Email Address: j.lin@gl.ciw.edu Fei, Yingwei 1; Email Address: fei@gl.ciw.edu Sturhahn, Wolfgang 2; Email Address: struhahn@aps.anl.gov Zhao, Jiyong 2; Email Address: jzhao@aps.anl.gov Mao, Ho-kwang 1; Email Address: mao@gl.ciw.edu Hemley, Russell J. 1; Email Address: hemley@gl.ciw.edu; Affiliation:  1: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, United States  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, United States; Source Info: Sep2004, Vol. 226 Issue 1/2, p33; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Technology); Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Earth's core; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe3S; Author-Supplied Keyword: light element; Author-Supplied Keyword: sound velocity; Author-Supplied Keyword: sulfur; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.07.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geddes, C.G.R.
AU  - Toth, Cs.
AU  - van Tilborg, J.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Schroeder, C.B.
AU  - Bruhwiler, D.
AU  - Nieter, C.
AU  - Cary, J.
AU  - Leemans, W.P.
T1  - High-quality electron beams from a laser wakefield accelerator using plasma-channel guiding.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/09/30/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7008
M3  - Article
SP  - 538
EP  - 541
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Laser-driven accelerators, in which particles are accelerated by the electric field of a plasma wave (the wakefield) driven by an intense laser, have demonstrated accelerating electric fields of hundreds of GV?m-1 (refs 1-3). These fields are thousands of times greater than those achievable in conventional radio-frequency accelerators, spurring interest in laser accelerators as compact next-generation sources of energetic electrons and radiation. To date, however, acceleration distances have been severely limited by the lack of a controllable method for extending the propagation distance of the focused laser pulse. The ensuing short acceleration distance results in low-energy beams with 100 per cent electron energy spread, which limits potential applications. Here we demonstrate a laser accelerator that produces electron beams with an energy spread of a few per cent, low emittance and increased energy (more than 109 electrons above 80?MeV). Our technique involves the use of a preformed plasma density channel to guide a relativistically intense laser, resulting in a longer propagation distance. The results open the way for compact and tunable high-brightness sources of electrons and radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRON accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 14555499; Geddes, C.G.R. 1,2 Toth, Cs. 1 van Tilborg, J. 1,3 Esarey, E. 1 Schroeder, C.B. 1 Bruhwiler, D. 4 Nieter, C. 4 Cary, J. 4,5 Leemans, W.P. 1; Email Address: wpleemans@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  3: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Postbus 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands  4: Tech-X Corporation, 5621 Arapahoe Ave. Suite A, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA  5: University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA; Source Info: 9/30/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7008, p538; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTRON accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02900
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Junhong Mao
AU  - Yi-Gui Gao
AU  - Odeh, Sarah
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Montalvetti, Andrea
AU  - Docampo, Roberto
AU  - Oldfield, Eric
T1  - Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction study of the farnesyl diphosphate synthase from Trypanosoma brucei.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 60
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1863
EP  - 1866
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) catalyses the formation of farnesyl diphosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate and is an RNAi-validated drug target in Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness. A T. brucei FPPS (390 amino acids) has been expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant protein has been crystallized in the absence and presence of the bisphosphonate inhibitor minodronate. Diffraction data were collected at 100 K using synchrotron radiation from both crystal types. Crystals obtained in the absence of minodronate belong to space group I222, with unit-cell parameters a = 61.43, b = 118.12, c = 120.04 Å, while crystals grown in the presence of minodronate belong to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 131.98, b = 118.10, c = 63.25 Å, β = 112.48°. An initial model of the drug-free protein has been built using a homology model with the molecular-replacement method and refined to 3.3 Å resolution. It shows mostly helical structure and resembles the structure of avian farnesyl diphosphate synthase, but with the addition of two loop regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIMETHYLALLYLTRANSTRANSFERASE
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - TRYPANOSOMA brucei
KW  - AFRICAN trypanosomiasis
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 14528023; Junhong Mao 1 Yi-Gui Gao 2 Odeh, Sarah 1 Robinson, Howard 3 Montalvetti, Andrea 4 Docampo, Roberto 4 Oldfield, Eric 1; Email Address: eo@chad.scs.uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA  2: School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA  3: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  4: Department of Pathobiology and Center for Zoonoses Research, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 60 Issue 10, p1863; Subject Term: DIMETHYLALLYLTRANSTRANSFERASE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: TRYPANOSOMA brucei; Subject Term: AFRICAN trypanosomiasis; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904020633
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Steelman, Karen L.
AU  - Rowe, Marvin W.
AU  - Turpin, Solveig A.
AU  - Guilderson, Tom
AU  - Nightengale, Laura
T1  - NONDESTRUCTIVE RADIOCARBON DATING:  NATURALLY MUMMIFIED INFANT BUNDLE FROM SW TEXAS.
JO  - American Antiquity
JF  - American Antiquity
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 69
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 750
SN  - 00027316
AB  - Plasma oxidation was used to obtain radiocarbon dates on six different materials from a naturally mummified baby bundle from the Lower Pecos River region of southwest Texas. This bundle was selected because it was thought to represent a single event and would illustrate the accuracy and precision of the plasma oxidation method. Five of the materials were clearly components of the original bundle with 13 dates combined to yield a weighted average of 2135 ± 11 B.P. Six dates from a wooden stick of Desert Ash averaged 939 ± 14 B.P., indicating that this artifact was not part of the original burial. Plasma oxidation is shown to be a virtually nondestructive alternative to combustion. Because only sub-milligram amounts of material are removed from an artifact over its exposed surface, no visible change in fragile materials has been observed, even under magnification. The method is best applied when natural organic contamination is unlikely and serious consideration of this issue is needed in all cases. If organic contamination is present, it will have to be removed before plasma oxidation to obtain accurate radiocarbon dates. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - La oxidación de plasma, una alternativa no destructiva a la combustión, se usó para obtener muestras de radiocarbono de seis materiales distintos de un envoltorio de bebé naturalmente momificado de la región del bajo Río Pecos del suroeste de Texas. Este bulto se eligió porque representa un caso único e ilustra la exactitud y precisión del método de oxidación de plasma. Cinco tipos de materiales que eran claramente componentes del bulto dieron 13 fechas que se combinaron para obtener un promedio con un valor asignado de 2135 ± 11 A.P., seis muestras de un palillo de madera proveniente de Desert Ash promediaron 939 ± 14 A.P., mostrando que este artefacto no era parte del entierro original. La oxidación de plasma promete ser un método no destructivo para obtener fechas de radiocarbono de artefactos orgánicos perecederos, ya que solamente se requiere remover cantidades menores a un miligramo de la superficie expuesta de un artefacto, además de que ningún cambio visible se observó en los materiales frágiles después de la oxidación de plasma, aún bajo ampliación. El método se aplica mejor cuando no existe la posibilidad de contaminación orgánica, este factor necesita ser seriamente considerado en todos los casos, ya que si hay contaminación orgánica ésta tendría que ser removida antes de la oxidación de plasma para obtener fechas de radiocarbono exactas. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Antiquity is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON isotopes
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ARCHAEOLOGICAL dating
KW  - MUMMIES
KW  - ARCHAEOLOGY
KW  - TEXAS
N1  - Accession Number: 15150815; Steelman, Karen L. 1,2 Rowe, Marvin W. 1 Turpin, Solveig A. 3 Guilderson, Tom 4 Nightengale, Laura 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842  2: Department of Chemistry, 205 Laney Hall, University of Central Arkansas 205 Donaghey, Conway, AR 72035  3: Institute of Latin American Studies, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712  4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  5: Texas Archeological Research Laboratory, The University of Texas, 1 University Station R7500, Austin, Texas 78712-0714; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 69 Issue 4, p741; Subject Term: CARBON isotopes; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ARCHAEOLOGICAL dating; Subject Term: MUMMIES; Subject Term: ARCHAEOLOGY; Subject Term: TEXAS; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blencoe, James G.
T1  - The CO2-H2O system: IV. Empirical, isothermal equations for representing vapor-liquid equilibria at 110-350 °C, P ≤ 150 Mpa.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 89
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1447
EP  - 1455
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Empirical formulae are presented for calculating vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) in the CO2-H2O system at 10 temperatures between 110 and 350 °C. At each temperature, separate functions are used to represent the bubble- and dew-point boundary curves that: originate at the saturation vapor pressure of water (pH2Osat) at XCO2 = 0; diverge with increasing pressure up to ∼P(XmaxCO2) where δP/δXCO2 = ∞ along the dew-point curve; then converge with increasing pressure above P(XmaxCO2). At temperatures below 265 °C and pressures > P(XmaxCO2), the compositions of coexisting liquid and vapor [XL(V)CO2 and XV(L)CO2] do not converge completely with increasing pressure due to the absence of critical behavior. Thus, relatively simple functions suffice to accurately represent VLE at those temperatures. In contrast, at T > 265 °C, XL(V)CO2 and XV(L)CO2 converge rapidly as P approaches Pc (the critical pressure in the CO2-H2O system at a given temperature between 265 and 374 °C and P ≤ 215 MPa). For those temperatures, therefore, more complex VLE formulae are required to achieve close representation of phase relations. For dew-point equations, this includes adding an exponential "correction term" to ensure that δP/δXCO2 = 0 at the critical points indicated by corresponding bubble-point functions. Stable liquid-vapor coexistence in mixed-volatile systems requires fIL = f IV(isofugacity conditions) for all "i" (volatile components) in the two fluid phases. Thus, the equations presented... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VAPOR-liquid equilibrium
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - SATURATION vapor pressure
KW  - VOLATILE organic compounds
KW  - VAPOR pressure
N1  - Accession Number: 14950102; Blencoe, James G. 1; Email Address: blencoejg@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 4500-S, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831- 6110, U.S.A.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 89 Issue 10, p1447; Subject Term: VAPOR-liquid equilibrium; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: SATURATION vapor pressure; Subject Term: VOLATILE organic compounds; Subject Term: VAPOR pressure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaniman, David
T1  - The Petrographic Microscope (Book).
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 89
IS  - 10
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1580
EP  - 1580
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Reviews the book "The Petrographic Microscope," by Daniel E. Kile.
KW  - MICROSCOPES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - KILE, Daniel E.
KW  - PETROGRAPHIC Microscope, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14950122; Vaniman, David 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 89 Issue 10, p1580; Subject Term: MICROSCOPES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: PETROGRAPHIC Microscope, The (Book); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; People: KILE, Daniel E.; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Kwon, Youngeun
AU  - Han, Zhaozlwng
AU  - Karatan, Ece
AU  - Mrksich, Milan
AU  - Kay, Brian K.
T1  - Antibody Arrays Prepared by Cutinase-Mediated Immobilization on Self-Assembled Monolayers.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 19
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 5713
EP  - 5720
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Antibody arrays hold considerable potential in a variety of applications including proteomics research, drug discovery, and diagnostics. Many of the schemes used to fabricate the arrays fail to immobilize the antibodies at a uniform density or in a single orientation; consequently, the immobilized antibodies recognize their antigens with variable efficiency. This paper describes a strategy to immobilize antibodies in a single orientation, with a controlled density, using the covalent interaction between cutinase and its suicide substrate. Protein fusions between cutinase and five antibodies of three different types (scFv, VHH, and FN3) were prepared and immobilized upon self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) presenting a phosphonate capture ligand. The immobilized antibodies exhibit high affinity and selectivity for their target antigens, as monitored by surface plasmon resonance and fluorescence scanning. Furthermore, by changing the density of capture ligand on the SAM the density of the immobilized antibody could be controlled. The monolayers, which also present a tri(ethylene glycol) group, are inert to non- specific adsorption of proteins and allow the detection of a specific antigen in a complex mixture. The demonstration of cutinase-directed antibody immobilization with insert SAMs provides a straightforward and robust method for preparing antibody chips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMMUNOGLOBULINS
KW  - MOLECULAR self-assembly
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - ANTIGENS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14695726; Kwon, Youngeun 1,2 Han, Zhaozlwng 3 Karatan, Ece 3 Mrksich, Milan 1 Kay, Brian K. 3; Email Address: bkay@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: University of Chicago.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550.  3: Argonne National Laboratory.; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 19, p5713; Subject Term: IMMUNOGLOBULINS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR self-assembly; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: ANTIGENS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Abstract
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Beu, Steven C.
AU  - Blakney, Greg T.
AU  - Quinn, John P.
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Broadband Phase Correction of FT-ICR Mass Spectra via Simultaneous Excitation and Detection.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 19
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 5756
EP  - 5761
SN  - 00032700
AB  - In typical Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT- ICR) mass spectra, temporally dispersed excitation and the delay between excitation and detection result in continuous variation of signal phase with frequency in the detected time-domain ion signal. The complex frequency- domain spectrum of such a signal is a linear combination of absorption- and dispersion-mode spectral components with corresponding asymmetric peaks. For this reason, magnitude-mode spectral display is usually employed to yield a phase-independent uniform and symmetrical peak shape at the expense of spectral resolution. In this work, we implement simultaneous excitation and detection to enable Fourier deconvolution to recover absorption-mode spectra for both low- and high-field FT-ICR instruments. These spectra yield resolving power improvement factors approaching the maximum theoretical limit of 2.0, as well as reduction in frequency assignment errors relative to conventional magnitude-mode spectra. The Fourier deconvolution procedure has the additional benefit of correcting for spectral variation resulting from nonuniform power distribution over the excitation bandwidth and the potential benefit of providing useful diagnostic information for interpretation of experimental performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - FOURIER transforms
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - ABSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 14695731; Beu, Steven C. 1 Blakney, Greg T. 2 Quinn, John P. 2 Hendrickson, Christopher L. 2,3; Email Address: hendrick@magnet.fsu.edu Marshall, Alan G. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: S.C.Beu Consulting.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.  3: Florida State University.; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 19, p5756; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: FOURIER transforms; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: BANDWIDTHS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Abstract
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ponton, Lisa M.
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
T1  - High-Speed EIectrochemicaIIy Modulated Liquid Chromatography.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5823
EP  - 5828
SN  - 00032700
AB  - The performance advantages of carrying out electrochemically modulated liquid chromatography (EMLC) at elevated temperatures and mobile-phase flow rates are investigated. EMLC has the unique ability to manipulate analyte retention and enhance separation efficiencies through changes in the potential applied to a conductive stationary phase. Operation of high-performance liquid chromatography systems at elevated column temperatures also provides pathways to improve chromatographic performance by enhancing analyte diffusivity and facilitating the use of higher mobile-phase flow rates than conventionally attainable. The results show that performing EMLC separations at elevated temperatures (e.g., 100 °C) reduces the analysis time of a mixture of aromatic sulfonates in a mixed mobile phase by more than a factor of 20. Moreover, use of higher operating temperatures enables the separation of this mixture with an entirely aqueous mobile phase in less than 2 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - LIQUID chromatography
N1  - Accession Number: 14695739; Ponton, Lisa M. 1 Porter, Marc D. 2; Email Address: mporter@porter1.ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Elon University, Elon, NC 27244.  2: Ames Laboratory--USDOE, Department of Chemistry, and Institute of Combinatorial Discovery, lowa State University, Ames, lowa 50011.; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 19, p5823; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: LIQUID chromatography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sangwan, Parveen
AU  - Chen, Xiaolei
AU  - Hugenholtz, Philip
AU  - Janssen, Peter H.
T1  - Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the First Pure-Culture Representative of Subdivision Two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the Phylum Verrucomicrobia.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 70
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5875
EP  - 5881
SN  - 00992240
AB  - The phylum Verrucomicrobia is increasingly recognized as an environmentally significant group of bacteria, particularly in soil habitats. At least six subdivisions of the Verrucomicrobia are resolved by comparative analysis of 16S rRNA genes, mostly obtained directly from environmental samples. To date, only two of these subdivisions (1 and 4) have characterized pure-culture representatives. We have isolated and characterized the first known pure-culture representative of subdivision 2. Strain Ellin428 is an aerobic heterotrophic bacterium that is able to grow with many of the saccharide components of plant biomass but does not grow with amino acids or organic acids other than pyruvate. Cells are yellow, rod-shaped, nonmotile, and gram-stain negative, and they contain peptidoglycan with direct cross-linkages of the A1γ/meso-Dpm type. The isolate grows well at 25°C on a variety of standard biological media, including some used in the routine cultivation of bacteria from soil. The pH range for growth is 4.0 to 7.0. Low levels of menaquinones MK-10 and MK-11 were detected. The major cellular fatty acids are C14:0, a-C15:0, C16:1ω7c, and/or 2OH i-C15:0, and C16:0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 61 mol%. We propose a new genus and species, Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., with isolate Ellin428 as the type strain, and a new class for the subdivision to which it belongs, Spartobacteria classis nov. Environmental sequences indicate that the class Spartobacteria is largely represented by globally distributed, abundant, and active soil bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - SOIL ecology
KW  - RNA
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - SOILS -- Environmental aspects
KW  - PLANT biomass
N1  - Accession Number: 14777175; Sangwan, Parveen 1 Chen, Xiaolei 1 Hugenholtz, Philip 2 Janssen, Peter H. 1; Email Address: pjanssen@unimelb.edu.au; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia  2: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 70 Issue 10, p5875; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: SOIL ecology; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: SOILS -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: PLANT biomass; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.10.5875-5881.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reardon, Catherine L.
AU  - Cummings, David E.
AU  - Petzke, Lynn M.
AU  - Kinsall, BarryL.
AU  - Watson, David B.
AU  - Peyton, Brent M.
AU  - Geesey, Gill G.
T1  - Composition and Diversity of Microbial Communities Recovered from Surrogate Minerals Incubated in an Acidic Uranium-Contaminated Aquifer.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 70
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 6037
EP  - 6046
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Our understanding of subsurface microbiology is hindered by the inaccessibility of this environment, particularly when the hydrogeologic medium is contaminated with toxic substances. In this study, surrogate geological media contained in a porous receptacle were incubated in a well within the saturated zone of a pristine region of an aquifer to capture populations from the extant communities. After an 8-week incubation, the media were recovered, and the microbial community that developed on each medium was compared to the community recovered from groundwater and native sediments from the same region of the aquifer, using 16S DNA coding for rRNA (rDNA)-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The ground-water and sediment communities were highly distinct from one another, and the communities that developed on the various media were more similar to groundwater communities than to sediment communities. 16S rDNA clone libraries of communities that developed on particles of a specular hematite medium incubated in the same well as the media used for T-RFLP analysis were compared with those obtained from an acidic, uranium-contaminated region of the same aquifer. The hematite-associated community formed in the pristine area was highly diverse at the species level, with 25 distinct phylotypes identified, the majority of which (73%) were affiliated with the β-Proteobacteria. Similarly, the hematite-associated community formed in the contaminated area was populated in large part by β-Proteobacteria (62%); however, only 13 distinct phylotypes were apparent. The three numerically dominant clones from the hematite-associated community from the contaminated site were affiliated with metal- and radionuclide-tolerant or acidophilic taxa, consistent with the environmental conditions. Only two populations were common to both sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - MICROBIAL diversity
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - HYDROGEOLOGY
KW  - MICROBIAL cultures
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14777196; Reardon, Catherine L. 1 Cummings, David E. 2,3 Petzke, Lynn M. 2 Kinsall, BarryL. 4 Watson, David B. 4 Peyton, Brent M. 5 Geesey, Gill G. 1,2; Email Address: gill_g@erc.montana.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana1  2: Biotechnology Department, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho  3: Point Loma Nazarene University, Department of Biology, San Diego, CA 92106-2810  4: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  5: Chemical Engineering Department, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 70 Issue 10, p6037; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL diversity; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: HYDROGEOLOGY; Subject Term: MICROBIAL cultures; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.10.6037-6046.2004
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Danko, Anthony S.
AU  - Luo, Meizhong
AU  - Bagwell, Christopher E.
AU  - Brigmon, Robin L.
AU  - Freedman, David L.
T1  - Involvement of Linear Plasmids in Aerobic Biodegradation of Vinyl Chloride.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 70
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 6092
EP  - 6097
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Pseudomonas putida strain AJ and Ochrobactrum strain TD were isolated from hazardous waste sites based on their ability to use vinyl chloride (VC) as the sole source of carbon and energy under aerobic conditions. Strains AJ and TD also use ethene and ethylene oxide as growth substrates. Strain AJ contained a linear megaplasmid (approximately 260 kb) when grown on VC or ethene, but it contained no circular plasmids. While strain AJ was growing on ethylene oxide, it was observed to contain a 100-kb linear plasmid, and its ability to use VC as a substrate was retained. The linear plasmids in strain AJ were cured, and the ability of strain AJ to consume VC, ethene, and ethylene oxide was lost following growth on a rich substrate (Luria-Bertani broth) through at least three transfers. Strain TD contained three linear plasmids, ranging in size from approximately 90 kb to 320 kb, when growing on VC or ethene. As with strain A J, the linear plasmids in strain TD were cured following growth on Luria-Bertani broth and its ability to consume VC and ethene was lost. Further analysis of these linear plasmids may help reveal the pathway for VC biodegradation in strains AJ and TD and explain why this process occurs at many but not all sites where groundwater is contaminated with chloroethenes. Metabolism of VC and ethene by strains AJ and TD is initiated by an alkene monooxygenase. Their yields during growth on VC (0.15 to 0.20 mg of total suspended solids per mg of VC) are similar to the yields reported for other isolates (i.e., Mycobacterium sp., Nocardioides sp., and Pseudomonas sp.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMIDS
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - VINYL chloride
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - MONOOXYGENASES
KW  - MOBILE genetic elements
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14777203; Danko, Anthony S. 1 Luo, Meizhong 2 Bagwell, Christopher E. 3 Brigmon, Robin L. 3 Freedman, David L. 1; Email Address: dfreedm@clemson.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Clemson University, Clemson  2: South Carolina, and Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona  3: Environmental Biotechnology Section, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 70 Issue 10, p6092; Subject Term: PLASMIDS; Subject Term: BIODEGRADATION; Subject Term: VINYL chloride; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: MONOOXYGENASES; Subject Term: MOBILE genetic elements; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.10.6092-6097.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mikerov, V.I.
AU  - Zhitnik, I.A.
AU  - Barmakov, Ju.N.
AU  - Bogolubov, E.P.
AU  - Ryzhkov, V.I.
AU  - Koshelev, A.P.
AU  - Soshin, N.P.
AU  - Waschkowski, W.
AU  - Lanza, R.C.
AU  - Hall, J.M.
T1  - Prospects for efficient detectors for fast neutron imaging
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 61
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
EP  - 535
SN  - 09698043
AB  - A physical model describing in detail the process of fast neutron imaging in luminescent screens is presented. The detection quantum efficiency, luminosity and inherent spatial resolution of the screen were calculated using this model. Properties of transparent and disperse screens were compared. Two imaging systems were suggested to improve the detection efficiency and spatial resolution. A stack consisting of alternating neutron converters and image plates can help in obtaining both high spatial resolution and efficiency. A system containing a screen of special form and a diaphragm can be of use especially in the case of the fan beam. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON radiography
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - SCANNING systems
KW  - Fast neutron imaging
KW  - Luminescent screen
KW  - Neutron radiography
KW  - Position-sensitive neutron detector
N1  - Accession Number: 13737173; Mikerov, V.I. 1; Email Address: vmiker@sci.lebedev.ru Zhitnik, I.A. 2 Barmakov, Ju.N. 1 Bogolubov, E.P. 1 Ryzhkov, V.I. 1 Koshelev, A.P. 1 Soshin, N.P. 3 Waschkowski, W. 4 Lanza, R.C. 5 Hall, J.M. 6; Affiliation:  1: All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Central Post Office, P.O. 918, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation  2: P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Academy of Sciences of Russia, 53 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 117924, Russia  3: NPO “Platan”, 141120 Moscow region, Fryazino, Zavodskoy proezd 2, Russia  4: Munich Technical University, Reactorstation, Garching D-85747, Germany  5: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Engineering Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  6: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 61 Issue 4, p529; Subject Term: NEUTRON radiography; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast neutron imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Luminescent screen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position-sensitive neutron detector; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.03.078
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Claytor, Thomas N.
AU  - Taddeucci, Terry N.
AU  - Hills, Charles R.
AU  - Summa, Deborah A.
AU  - Davis, Anthony W.
AU  - McDonald, Thomas. E.
AU  - Schwab, Mark J.
T1  - High-energy and thermal-neutron imaging and modeling with an amorphous silicon flat-panel detector
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 61
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 579
EP  - 584
SN  - 09698043
AB  - The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) operates two spallation neutron sources dedicated to research in materials science, condensed-matter physics, and fundamental and applied nuclear physics. Prior to 1995, all thermal neutron radiography at Los Alamos was done on a beam port attached to the Omega West reactor, a small 8 MW research reactor used primarily for radioisotope production and prompt and delayed neutron activation analysis. After the closure of this facility, two largely independent radiography development efforts were begun at LANSCE using moderated cold and thermal neutrons from the Target-1 source and high-energy neutrons from the Target-4 source. Investigations with cold and thermal neutrons employed a neutron converter and film, a scintillation screen and CCD camera system, and a new high-resolution amorphous silicon (a-Si) flat-panel detector system. Recent work with high-energy neutrons (<f>En>1</f> MeV) has involved storage-phosphor image plates. Some comparison high-energy images were obtained with both image plates and the a-Si panel and showed equivalent image quality for approximately equal exposure times. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - THERMAL neutrons
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - Amorphous silicon imager
KW  - Neutron radiography
KW  - Radiography modeling
KW  - Storage-phosphor image plates
KW  - Tomography
N1  - Accession Number: 13737181; Claytor, Thomas N.; Email Address: claytor@lanl.gov Taddeucci, Terry N. 1 Hills, Charles R. 1 Summa, Deborah A. 1 Davis, Anthony W. 1 McDonald, Thomas. E. 1 Schwab, Mark J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 61 Issue 4, p579; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: THERMAL neutrons; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous silicon imager; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron radiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiography modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Storage-phosphor image plates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tomography; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.03.083
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jalalzadeh-Azar, Ali A.
T1  - A Comparison of Electrical- and Thermal-Load-Following CHP Systems.
JO  - ASHRAE Transactions
JF  - ASHRAE Transactions
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 85
EP  - 94
PB  - ASHRAE
SN  - 00012505
AB  - Realization of the full benefits of implementing the combined heat and power (CHP) concept in buildings hinges upon optimum CHP system integration, sizing, and operation in parallel with, or independent of, the electric utility grid. This realization necessitates assessment of the appropriate CHP design/operation possibilities and selection of the best candidate for a given application. Electrical- and thermal-load-following CHP models are certainly among such candidates. This paper is essentially an extension of a previous study on a grid-independent, electrical-load-following CHP system for a hypothetical office building. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the thermodynamic performance of a thermal-load- following CHP system for the same building and to compare the results with those of the previous study. Included in the scope of the current work are (1) a parametric analysis addressing the influence of the subsystem efficiencies on the total primary energy consumption, (2) an evaluation of first-law efficiencies at two levels: CHP system and overall system, (3) an estimation of net monthly electricity import/export, and (4) an assessment of how electric utility efficiency affects the overall system energy consumption. The parametric analysis demonstrated the positive and significant responsiveness of the total primary energy consumption to improvements in the efficiencies of the on-site power generation and building electrical systems for the thermal- load-following model. A similar finding was also echoed by the previous work on the electrical-load-following CHP. The net monthly export of electricity (for the thermal-following- model) occurred during the peak cooling months, when the building thermal loads are the highest. While an increase in the efficiencies of the on-site power generation and electrical equipment reduced the net monthly import of electricity, the effects of such a measure with the absorption cooling system were the opposite. However, the issue of an optimum balance between export and import of electricity can only be addressed through an economic assessment, which is not within the scope of this work. The scenarios adopting more efficient absorption cooling showed a stronger sensitivity to the electrical utility efficiency. The thermal-load-following CHP model was found to be superior to the other previously studied model from the first-law thermodynamic standpoint. The monthly average CHP efficiency of this model was higher and comparatively much less sensitive to seasonal variations. The thermal-load-following model offered a higher overall system efficiency (fuel utilization) as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ASHRAE Transactions is the property of ASHRAE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ENERGY policy
KW  - ELECTRIC industries
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - TIME series analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15564970; Jalalzadeh-Azar, Ali A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colo.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p85; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ENERGY policy; Subject Term: ELECTRIC industries; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: TIME series analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tomlinson, John J.
AU  - Murphy, Richard W.
T1  - Measured Performance and Impacts of "Drop-In" Residential Heat Pump Water Heaters.
JO  - ASHRAE Transactions
JF  - ASHRAE Transactions
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 664
EP  - 670
PB  - ASHRAE
SN  - 00012505
AB  - This paper presents final results of a field evaluation of residential heat pump water heaters. This heavily instrumented field study was conducted in 17 homes across the United States over a period of 18 months. This study was unique in that the heat pump water heaters could be operated as electric resistance water heaters or as designed, heat pump water heaters with resistance backup. Field measurements of hot water usage, energy consumption, temperatures, and condensate generation provided ample data to assess the performance and efficiency of the heat pump water heater in a range of settings. The paper presents comparative results on energy efficiency, dehumidification performance, electric demand, and load factor impacts important to utilities as well as measured customer impacts in a switchover from electric resistance water heaters to heat pump water heaters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ASHRAE Transactions is the property of ASHRAE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT engines
KW  - INDUSTRIAL productivity
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
KW  - REACTANCE (Electricity)
KW  - HOT water
KW  - ENERGY policy
N1  - Accession Number: 15565191; Tomlinson, John J. 1 Murphy, Richard W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Building Equipment Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.  2: Engineering Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p664; Subject Term: HEAT engines; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL productivity; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: REACTANCE (Electricity); Subject Term: HOT water; Subject Term: ENERGY policy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baskin, Evelyn
AU  - Wendt, Robert
AU  - Lenarduzzi, Roberto
AU  - Woodbury, Keith A.
T1  - Numerical Evaluation of Alternative Residential Hot Water Distribution Systems.
JO  - ASHRAE Transactions
JF  - ASHRAE Transactions
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 671
EP  - 681
PB  - ASHRAE
SN  - 00012505
AB  - Subsequent to space conditioning, domestic hot water is the second largest consumer of energy in American homes. Improvements have been made in the energy efficiency of water heating equipment, but few gains have occurred in the distribution system's energy performance. Energy and water waste associated with distribution system performance can be a significant fraction of the total expenditure of delivering and generating hot water. Improving hot water delivery systems will reduce the energy usage and system performance. Results from numerically simulating four different hot water distribution systems in three different system locations in a conventional house reveal that system configuration and location as well as pipe material and insulation noticeably impact the overall performance of the distribution system. Model results based on two usage profiles reveal that: • In most CPVC distribution systems, significantly more energy is wasted from previously heated water remaining in the pipe than heat loss through the pipe walls while hot water is flowing. Changing the assumed hot water use patterns can dramatically change the performance of an individual system and its performance compared to copper systems. • Demand recirculation systems reduce the waiting time for hot water as well as the energy and water waste, while continuous recirculation systems also reduce waiting and water consumption but increase energy consumption about 600%. • Parallel pipe systems made of PEX reduce the waiting as well as energy and water waste compared with conventional branch and trunk systems. • Adding pipe insulation does not have a significant impact on heated water energy waste or piping heat loss for hot water delivery initiated from a "cold start" but can be effective if hot water uses are clustered in a short time frame. • Distribution systems located in the attic (buried in attic insulation) should not be insulated because it looses additional energy when standard pipe insulation is added. • Copper pipes have ∼10 times more heat loss when they are located below the floor slab in the soil (clay) for "cold start" compared with a clustered use hot water delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ASHRAE Transactions is the property of ASHRAE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER supply
KW  - THERMAL insulation
KW  - HOT water
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15565195; Baskin, Evelyn 1 Wendt, Robert 2 Lenarduzzi, Roberto 3 Woodbury, Keith A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Building Equipment Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.  2: Residential Buildings Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.  3: Analog and Digital Systems Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.  4: College of Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Ala.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p671; Subject Term: WATER supply; Subject Term: THERMAL insulation; Subject Term: HOT water; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423330 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tutu, Narinder K.
AU  - Krishna, C. R.
AU  - Butcher, Thomas A.
T1  - Characterization of Airflows at the Exit of Registers Using Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV).
JO  - ASHRAE Transactions
JF  - ASHRAE Transactions
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 709
EP  - 720
PB  - ASHRAE
SN  - 00012505
AB  - This paper reports the results of fluid flow measurements carried out at the exit of sidewall registers. Time-averaged mean velocity and turbulence (local root mean square velocity fluctuation) profiles were measured at the exit plane of two commonly used 8 in. × 4 in. (203 mm × 102 mm) sidewall registers. These data can then be used as an input boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code to predict the velocity and temperature distribution in an enclosure supplied by the registers. Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) was used to measure the axial and vertical components of the velocity vector at various locations across the face of the registers. Measurements at distances removed from the exit plane of the registers, but still within the "near field," show how the complex profile due to the vanes transitions to a jet, and this can provide a partial validation measurement for the CFD results. Measurements were made at two different flow rates, and the evaluation of the results suggests that the velocity field at the exit of both of these registers scales with the flow rate through them. This means that, in the mode of operation in which the supply fan (of an HVAC system) has a "high" and "low" setting, similar velocity scaling would result for these types of registers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ASHRAE Transactions is the property of ASHRAE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SPACE fluid dynamics
KW  - FLOW meters
KW  - ANALYTICAL mechanics
KW  - HEATING & ventilation industry
KW  - LASER Doppler velocimeter
N1  - Accession Number: 15565207; Tutu, Narinder K. 1 Krishna, C. R. 1 Butcher, Thomas A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, N.Y.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p709; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SPACE fluid dynamics; Subject Term: FLOW meters; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL mechanics; Subject Term: HEATING & ventilation industry; Subject Term: LASER Doppler velocimeter; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dickerhoff, Darryl
AU  - Walker, Lain
AU  - Sherman, Max
T1  - Validating and Improving the Delta-Q Duct Leakage Test.
JO  - ASHRAE Transactions
JF  - ASHRAE Transactions
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 741
EP  - 751
PB  - ASHRAE
SN  - 00012505
AB  - The Delta-Q duct leakage test has been developed over the past several years as an improvement to existing duct pressurization tests. It focuses on measuring the air leakage flows to outside at operating conditions that are required for energy loss calculations for duct systems, and infiltration impacts. The Delta-Q test builds on the standard envelope tightness measurement technique of a blower door by repeating the tests with the system air handler off and on. This study uses detailed laboratory measurements to validate the Delta-Q test procedure and calculations. The laboratory measurements used a purpose-built test chamber coupled to a duct system typical of forced-air systems in U.S. homes. Special duct leaks with controlled and monitored airflow were designed and installed in the duct system. This test system enabled us to systematically vary the duct and envelope leakage and to accurately measure the duct leakage flows for comparison to Delta-Q test results. The laboratory testing has also led to enhancements to the Delta-Q calculations that increase the accuracy of the leakage measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ASHRAE Transactions is the property of ASHRAE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems
KW  - FLOWS (Differentiable dynamical systems)
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - GLOBAL analysis (Mathematics)
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 15565217; Dickerhoff, Darryl 1 Walker, Lain 1 Sherman, Max 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Performance of Buildings Group, Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p741; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIABLE dynamical systems; Subject Term: FLOWS (Differentiable dynamical systems); Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: GLOBAL analysis (Mathematics); Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tschudi, William
AU  - Rumsey, Peter
T1  - Using Benchmarking to Identify Energy Efficiency Opportunity in Cleanrooms: The Labs 21 Approach.
JO  - ASHRAE Transactions
JF  - ASHRAE Transactions
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 110
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 770
EP  - 775
PB  - ASHRAE
SN  - 00012505
AB  - Laboratories for the 21st Century (Labs 21) has developed energy benchmarking protocols for use in high-tech buildings, with the objective of improving energy efficiency. Prior energy benchmarking in cleanrooms has identified a wide range of operating efficiencies in HVAC systems. This paper updates previous benchmarking efforts and provides ideas for use of benchmark data to improve energy efficiency. The benchmark data highlight the fact that some systems are significantly more energy efficient than others in achieving the same cleanliness. These high-performing systems can help to identify design and operation strategies for new and existing facilities. The metrics developed through Labs 21 and prior work can be used to benchmark widely disparate systems. Cleanroom owners can use energy benchmarks to establish efficiency requirements for new design projects. For example, air change rates, as measured, vary considerably. The benchmark results suggest that lower airflow using significantly less energy can achieve the desired cleanliness levels. The design concepts that produce highly energy efficient systems are examined in this paper. Better integration of observed best practice concepts into cleanroom design should be possible based upon benchmark guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of ASHRAE Transactions is the property of ASHRAE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - CLEAN rooms
KW  - HYGIENE
KW  - SCIENCE classrooms & equipment
KW  - HIGH technology
KW  - HEATING & ventilation industry
N1  - Accession Number: 15565223; Tschudi, William 1 Rumsey, Peter 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif.  2: Rumsey Engineers, Oakland, Calif.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p770; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: CLEAN rooms; Subject Term: HYGIENE; Subject Term: SCIENCE classrooms & equipment; Subject Term: HIGH technology; Subject Term: HEATING & ventilation industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Post, Wilfred M.
AU  - Jardine, Philip M.
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
AU  - West, Tristram O.
AU  - Izaurralde, R. Cesar
AU  - Jastrow, Julie D.
AU  - McCarl, Bruce A.
AU  - Amonette, James E.
AU  - Bailey, Vanessa L.
T1  - Enhancement of Carbon Sequestration in US Soils.
JO  - BioScience
JF  - BioScience
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 54
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 895
EP  - 903
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00063568
AB  - Improved practices in agriculture, forestry, and land management could be used to increase soil carbon and thereby significantly reduce the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Understanding biological and edaphic processes that increase and retain soil carbon can lead to specific manipulations that enhance soil carbon sequestration. These manipulations, however, will be suitable for adoption only if they are technically feasible over large areas, economically competitive with alternative measures to offset greenhouse gas emissions, and environmentally beneficial. Here we present the elements of an integrated evaluation of soil carbon sequestration methods.  INSET: Economic components for determining the cost of carbon.... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of BioScience is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AGRICULTURE
KW  - LAND management
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - CARBON sequestration
KW  - GREENHOUSE gases
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - full carbon accounting
KW  - integrated assessment
KW  - land-use change
KW  - soil carbon sequestration
KW  - terrestrial ecosystems
N1  - Accession Number: 14678610; Post, Wilfred M. 1; Email Address: postwmiii@ornl.gov Jardine, Philip M. 1 Zhou, Jizhong 1 West, Tristram O. 2 Izaurralde, R. Cesar 3 Jastrow, Julie D. 4 McCarl, Bruce A. 5 Amonette, James E. 6 Bailey, Vanessa L. 6; Affiliation:  1: Senior scientist, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831  2: Research scientist, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831  3: Senior scientist, Joint Global Change Research Institute (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [PNNL] and University of Maryland), College Park, MD 20740  4: Scientist, Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL, 60439  5: Professor of agricultural economics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843  6: Research scientist, PNNL, Richland, WA 99352; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 54 Issue 10, p895; Subject Term: AGRICULTURE; Subject Term: LAND management; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: CARBON sequestration; Subject Term: GREENHOUSE gases; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Author-Supplied Keyword: full carbon accounting; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrated assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: land-use change; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil carbon sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: terrestrial ecosystems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 10318
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gubernak
AU  - M.
AU  - Liu
AU  - X.
AU  - Kaczmarski
AU  - K.
AU  - Guiochon
AU  - G.
T1  - Mass Transfer Kinetics in the Chromatography of Insulin Variants under Nonlinear Conditions.
JO  - Biotechnology Progress
JF  - Biotechnology Progress
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 20
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1496
EP  - 1506
SN  - 87567938
AB  - Experimental data regarding the thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption of lispro, an insulin variant, onto a YMC ODS-A column, from an aqueous solution of acetonitrile (31%) and TFA are reinterpreted, using a more complex model of the mass transfer kinetics. The adsorption behavior follows the Toth isotherm model, suggesting either a strongly heterogeneous surface or, rather, that when insulin molecules adsorb they contact the surface along different areas of the molecule. The lumped pore diffusion (POR) model of chromatography accounts well for the band profiles. The internal mass transfer resistances are higher than expected, which suggests that intraparticle diffusion is slower. Furthermore, the pore diffusion coefficient increases with decreasing sample size. That surface diffusion accounts for the mass transfer kinetics inside particles explains these results. Assuming that the gradient of the surface concentration is the driving force of surface diffusion, it is possible to account very well for the band profiles of samples of widely different sizes, using a single value of the surface diffusivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biotechnology Progress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Transport theory (Mathematics)
KW  - Insulin
N1  - Accession Number: 15610736; Gubernak; M. 1; Liu; X. 1; Kaczmarski; K. 1; Guiochon; G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996-1600 and Division of Chemical and analytical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p1496; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Subject Term: Mass transfer; Subject Term: Transport theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: Insulin; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diner, David J.
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
AU  - Anderson, Theodore L.
AU  - Bösenberg, Jens
AU  - Amy J. Braverman
AU  - Charlson, Robert J.
AU  - Collins, William D.
AU  - Davies, Roger
AU  - Holben, Brent N.
AU  - Hostetler, Chris A.
AU  - Kahn, Ralph A.
AU  - Martonchik, John V.
AU  - Menzies, Robert T.
AU  - Miller, Mark A.
AU  - John A. Ogren
AU  - Penner, Joyce E.
AU  - Rasch, Philip J.
AU  - Schwartz, Stephen E.
AU  - Seinfeld, John H.
AU  - Stephens, Graeme L.
T1  - PARAGON: An Integrated Approach for Characterizing Aerosol Climate Impacts and Environmental Interactions.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1491
EP  - 1501
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00030007
AB  - Aerosols exert myriad influences on the earth's environment and climate, and on human health. The complexity of aerosol-related processes requires that information gathered to improve our understanding of climate change must originate from multiple sources, and that effective strategies for data integration need to be established. While a vast array of observed and modeled data are becoming available, the aerosol research community currently lacks the necessary tools and infrastructure to reap maximum scientific benefit from these data. Spatial and temporal sampling differences among a diverse set of sensors, nonuniform data qualities, aerosol mesoscale variabilities, and difficulties in separating cloud effects are some of the challenges that need to be addressed. Maximizing the long-term benefit from these data also requires maintaining consistently well-understood accuracies as measurement approaches evolve and improve. Achieving a comprehensive understanding of how aerosol physical, chemical, and radiative processes impact the earth system can be achieved only through a multidisciplinary, inter-agency, and international initiative capable of dealing with these issues. A systematic approach, capitalizing on modern measurement and modeling techniques, geospatial statistics methodologies, and high-performance information technologies, can provide the necessary machinery to support this objective. We outline a framework for integrating and interpreting observations and models, and establishing an accurate, consistent, and cohesive long-term record, following a strategy whereby information and tools of progressively greater sophistication are incorporated as problems of increasing complexity are tackled. This concept is named the Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network (PARAGON). To encompass the breadth of the effort required, we present a set of recommendations dealing with data interoperability; measurement and model integration; multisensor synergy; data summarization and mining; model evaluation; calibration and validation; augmentation of surface and in situ measurements; advances in passive and active remote sensing; and design of satellite missions. Without an initiative of this nature, the scientific and policy communities will continue to struggle with understanding the quantitative impact of complex aerosol processes on regional and global climate change and air quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC aerosols
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - SATELLITE meteorology
N1  - Accession Number: 14836043; Diner, David J. 1; Email Address: djd@jord.jpl.nasa.gov Ackerman, Thomas P. 2 Anderson, Theodore L. 2 Bösenberg, Jens 3 Amy J. Braverman 1 Charlson, Robert J. 4 Collins, William D. 5 Davies, Roger 1 Holben, Brent N. 6 Hostetler, Chris A. 7 Kahn, Ralph A. 1 Martonchik, John V. 1 Menzies, Robert T. 1 Miller, Mark A. 8 John A. Ogren 9 Penner, Joyce E. 10 Rasch, Philip J. 5 Schwartz, Stephen E. 8 Seinfeld, John H. 11 Stephens, Graeme L. 12; Affiliation:  1: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  3: Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany  4: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington  5: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado  6: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland  7: NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, Virginia  8: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  9: NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado  10: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan  11: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California  12: Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1491; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC aerosols; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: SATELLITE meteorology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1175/BAMS-85-10-1491
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seinfeld, John H.
AU  - Kahn, Ralph A.
AU  - Anderson, Theodore L.
AU  - Charlson, Robert J.
AU  - Davies, Roger
AU  - Diner, David J.
AU  - Ogren, John A.
AU  - Schwartz, Stephen E.
AU  - Wielicki, Bruce A.
T1  - Scientific Objectives, Measurement Needs, and Challenges Motivating the PARAGON Aerosol Initiative.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1503
EP  - 1509
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00030007
AB  - Aerosols are involved in a complex set of processes that operate across many spatial and temporal scales. Understanding these processes, and ensuring their accurate representation in models of transport, radiation transfer, and climate, requires knowledge of aerosol physical, chemical, and optical properties and the distributions of these properties in space and time. To derive aerosol climate forcing, aerosol optical and microphysical properties and their spatial and temporal distributions, and aerosol interactions with clouds, need to be understood. Such data are also required in conjunction with size-resolved chemical composition in order to evaluate chemical transport models and to distinguish natural and anthropogenic forcing. Other basic parameters needed for modeling the radiative influences of aerosols are surface reflectivity and three-dimensional cloud fields. This large suite of parameters mandates an integrated observing and modeling system of commensurate scope. The Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network (PARAGON) concept, designed to meet this requirement, is motivated by the need to understand climate system sensitivity to changes in atmospheric constituents, to reduce climate model uncertainties, and to analyze diverse collections of data pertaining to aerosols. This paper highlights several challenges resulting from the complexity of the problem. Approaches for dealing with them are offered in the set of companion papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC aerosols
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - MEASUREMENT
KW  - EARTH sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14836042; Seinfeld, John H. 1 Kahn, Ralph A. 2 Anderson, Theodore L. 3 Charlson, Robert J. 3 Davies, Roger 2 Diner, David J. 2; Email Address: djd@jord.jpl.nasa.gov Ogren, John A. 4 Schwartz, Stephen E. 5 Wielicki, Bruce A. 6; Affiliation:  1: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California  2: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California  3: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington  4: NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  6: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1503; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC aerosols; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1175/BAMS-85-10-1503
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kahn, Ralph A.
AU  - Ogren, John A.
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
AU  - Bösenberg, Jens
AU  - Charlson, Robert J.
AU  - Diner, David J.
AU  - Holben, Brent N.
AU  - Menzies, Robert T.
AU  - Miller, Mark A.
AU  - Seinfeld, John H.
T1  - Aerosol Data Sources and Their Roles within PARAGON.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1511
EP  - 1522
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00030007
AB  - We briefly but systematically review major sources of aerosol data, emphasizing suites of measurements that seem most likely to contribute to assessments of global aerosol climate forcing. The strengths and limitations of existing satellite, surface, and aircraft remote sensing systems are described, along with those of direct sampling networks and ship-based stations. It is evident that an enormous number of aerosol-related observations have been made, on a wide range of spatial and temporal sampling scales, and that many of the key gaps in this collection of data could be filled by technologies that either exist or are expected to be available in the near future. Emphasis must be given to combining remote sensing and in situ active and passive observations and integrating them with aerosol chemical transport models, in order to create a more complete environmental picture, having sufficient detail to address current climate forcing questions. The Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network (PARAGON) initiative would provide an organizational framework to meet this goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC aerosols
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - METEOROLOGICAL satellites
KW  - RADIOMETERS
KW  - OPTICAL radar
KW  - METEOROLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14836041; Kahn, Ralph A. 1 Ogren, John A. 2 Ackerman, Thomas P. 3 Bösenberg, Jens 4 Charlson, Robert J. 5 Diner, David J. 1; Email Address: djd@jord.jpl.nasa.gov Holben, Brent N. 6 Menzies, Robert T. 1 Miller, Mark A. 7 Seinfeld, John H. 8; Affiliation:  1: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California  2: NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  4: Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany  5: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington  6: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland  7: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  8: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1511; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC aerosols; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: METEOROLOGICAL satellites; Subject Term: RADIOMETERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL radar; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1175/BAMS-85-10-1511
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14836041&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
AU  - Braverman, Amy J.
AU  - Diner, David J.
AU  - Anderson, Theodore L.
AU  - Kahn, Ralph A.
AU  - Martonchik, John V.
AU  - Penner, Joyce E.
AU  - Rasch, Philip J.
AU  - Wielicki, Bruce A.
AU  - Bin Yu
T1  - Integrating and Interpreting Aerosol Observations and Models within the PARAGON Framework.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1523
EP  - 1533
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00030007
AB  - Given the breadth and complexity of available data, constructing a measurement-based description of global tropospheric aerosols that will effectively confront and constrain global three-dimensional models is a daunting task. Because data are obtained from multiple sources and acquired with nonuniform spatial and temporal sampling, scales, and coverage, protocols need to be established that will organize this vast body of knowledge. Currently, there is no capability to assemble the existing aerosol data into a unified, interoperable whole. Technology advancements now being pursued in high-performance distributed computing initiatives can accomplish this objective. Once the data are organized, there are many approaches that can be brought to bear upon the problem of integrating data from different sources. These include data-driven approaches, such as geospatial statistics formulations, and model-driven approaches, such as assimilation or chemical transport modeling. Establishing a data interoperability framework will stimulate algorithm development and model validation and will facilitate the exploration of synergies between different data types. Data summarization and mining techniques can be used to make statistical inferences about climate system relationships and interpret patterns of aerosol-induced change. Generating descriptions of complex, nonlinear relationships among multiple parameters is critical to climate model improvement and validation. Finally, determining the role of aerosols in past and future climate change ultimately requires the use of fully coupled climate and chemistry models, and the evaluation of these models is required in order to trust their results. The set of recommendations presented here address one component of the Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network (PARAGON) initiative. Implementing them will produce the most accurate four-dimensional representation of global aerosols, which can then be used for testing, constraining, and validating models. These activities are critical components of a sustained program to quantify aerosol effects on global climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC aerosols
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - DATA mining
KW  - INFORMATION retrieval
KW  - METEOROLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14836040; Ackerman, Thomas P. 1 Braverman, Amy J. 2 Diner, David J. 2; Email Address: djd@jord.jpl.nasa.gov Anderson, Theodore L. 3 Kahn, Ralph A. 2 Martonchik, John V. 2 Penner, Joyce E. 4 Rasch, Philip J. 5 Wielicki, Bruce A. 6 Bin Yu 7; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, Washington  2: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California  3: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington  4: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan  5: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado  6: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia  7: University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1523; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC aerosols; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: DATA mining; Subject Term: INFORMATION retrieval; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1175/BAMS-85-10-1523
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14836040&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diner, David J.
AU  - Menzies, Robert T.
AU  - Kahn, Ralph A.
AU  - Anderson, Theodore L.
AU  - Bösenberg, Jens
AU  - Charlson, Robert J.
AU  - Holben, Brent N.
AU  - Hostetler, Chris A.
AU  - Miller, Mark A.
AU  - Ogren, John A.
AU  - Stephens, Graeme L.
AU  - Torres, Omar
AU  - Wielicki, Bruce A.
AU  - Rasch, Philip J.
AU  - Travis, Larry D.
AU  - Collins, William D.
T1  - Using the PARAGON Framework to Establish an Accurate, Consistent, and Cohesive Long-Term Aerosol Record.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 85
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1535
EP  - 1548
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00030007
AB  - A comprehensive and cohesive aerosol measurement record with consistent, well-understood uncertainties is a prerequisite to understanding aerosol impacts on long-term climate and environmental variability. Objectives to attaining such an understanding include improving upon the current state-of-the-art sensor calibration and developing systematic validation methods for remotely sensed microphysical properties. While advances in active and passive remote sensors will lead to needed improvements in retrieval accuracies and capabilities, ongoing validation is essential so that the changing sensor characteristics do not mask atmospheric trends. Surface-based radiometer, chemical, and lidar networks have critical roles within an integrated observing system, yet they currently undersample key geographic regions, have limitations in certain measurement capabilities, and lack stable funding. In situ aircraft observations of size-resolved aerosol chemical composition are necessary to provide important linkages between active and passive remote sensing. A planned, systematic approach toward a global aerosol observing network, involving multiple sponsoring agencies and surface-based, suborbital, and spaceborne sensors, is required to prioritize trade-offs regarding capabilities and costs. This strategy is a key ingredient of the Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network (PARAGON) framework. A set of recommendations is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC aerosols
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - SATELLITE meteorology
KW  - METEOROLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14836039; Diner, David J. 1; Email Address: djd@jord.jpl.nasa.gov Menzies, Robert T. 1 Kahn, Ralph A. 1 Anderson, Theodore L. 2 Bösenberg, Jens 3 Charlson, Robert J. 2 Holben, Brent N. 4 Hostetler, Chris A. 5 Miller, Mark A. 6 Ogren, John A. 7 Stephens, Graeme L. 8 Torres, Omar 9 Wielicki, Bruce A. 5 Rasch, Philip J. 10 Travis, Larry D. 11 Collins, William D. 10; Affiliation:  1: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California  2: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington  3: Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany  4: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland  5: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia  6: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  7: NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado  8: Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado  9: University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland  10: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado  11: NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, New York; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1535; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC aerosols; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: SATELLITE meteorology; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1175/BAMS-85-10-1535
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14836039&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Argilla, David
AU  - Chin, Koei
AU  - Singh, Mallika
AU  - Hodgson, J. Graeme
AU  - Bosenberg, Marcus
AU  - de Solórzano, Carlos Ortiz
AU  - Lockett, Stephen
AU  - DePinho, Ronald A.
AU  - Gray, Joe
AU  - Hanahan, Douglas
T1  - Absence of telomerase and shortened telomeres have minimal effects on skin and pancreatic carcinogenesis elicited by viral oncogenes
JO  - Cancer Cell
JF  - Cancer Cell
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
EP  - 385
SN  - 15356108
AB  - The telomere-stabilizing enzyme telomerase is induced in tumors and functionally associated with unlimited replicative potential. To further explore its necessity, transgenic mice expressing SV40 or HPV16 oncogenes, which elicit carcinomas in pancreas and skin, respectively, were rendered telomerase-deficient. Absence of telomerase had minimal impact on tumorigenesis, even in terc-/- generations (G5–7) exhibiting shortened telomeres and phenotypic abnormalities in multiple organs. Analyses of chromosomal aberrations were not indicative of telomere dysfunction or increased genomic instability in tumors. Quantitative image analysis of telomere repeat intensities comparing biopsies of skin hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma revealed that telomere numbers and relative lengths were maintained during progression, implicating a means for preserving telomere repeats and functionality in the absence of telomerase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cancer Cell is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELOMERASE
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - TUMORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14714938; Argilla, David 1 Chin, Koei 2 Singh, Mallika 1 Hodgson, J. Graeme 2 Bosenberg, Marcus 3 de Solórzano, Carlos Ortiz 4 Lockett, Stephen 4 DePinho, Ronald A. 3 Gray, Joe 2,4 Hanahan, Douglas 1; Email Address: dh@biochem.ucsf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Diabetes Center, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA  2: Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA  3: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Center, and Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA  4: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p373; Subject Term: TELOMERASE; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: TUMORS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.08.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, M.X.
AU  - Lackey, W.J.
AU  - More, K.
T1  - Liquid reagent CVD of carbon. I. Processing and microstructure
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 42
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1895
EP  - 1900
SN  - 00086223
AB  - The processing and microstructure of carbon coatings deposited using liquid reagent CVD were studied. High density pyrolytic carbon coatings were successfully deposited on graphite and molybdenum substrates from benzene and cyclohexane precursors. Very high deposition rates were obtained. Examination via transmission electron microscopy showed that the deposits were of the desired turbostratic nodular structure with low texture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - CHEMICAL tests & reagents
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - A. Pyrolytic carbon
KW  - B. Chemical vapor deposition
KW  - C. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction
KW  - D. Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 13687802; Jiang, M.X. 1 Lackey, W.J. 1; Email Address: jack.lackey@me.gatech.edu More, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, MARC BLDG, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 42 Issue 10, p1895; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL tests & reagents; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Pyrolytic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Microstructure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.01.072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klie, R.F.
AU  - Ciuparu, D.
AU  - Pfefferle, L.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
T1  - Multi-walled carbon nanotubes on amorphous carbon films
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 42
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1953
EP  - 1957
SN  - 00086223
AB  - Nanotubular structures composed of layered graphite sheets or other layered materials have been studied intensely by both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. In this paper, we will show how graphite structures, that are inherent to the production process of the amorphous carbon support films, used for both SEM and TEM studies can be easily mistaken for the actual sample structures. We will further report that these artifacts appear in both commercial as well as homemade holey carbon support films on copper grids, and suggest that to successfully study the “real” nanotubular structures only support films made from materials other than carbon should be used. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - THIN films
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - A. Carbon nanotubes
KW  - B. Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13687810; Klie, R.F. 1; Email Address: klie@bnl.gov Ciuparu, D. 2 Pfefferle, L. 2 Zhu, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, 76 Cornell Ave, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 42 Issue 10, p1953; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Carbon nanotubes; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.03.029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, D. H.
AU  - Kung, M. C.
AU  - Kozlova, A.
AU  - Yuan, S. D.
AU  - Kung, H. H.
T1  - Synergism Between Pt/Al2O3 and Au/TiO2 in the Low Temperature Oxidation of Propene.
JO  - Catalysis Letters
JF  - Catalysis Letters
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 98
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 15
SN  - 1011372X
AB  - CO impedes the low temperature (<170 °C) oxidation of C3H6 on supported Pt. Supported Au catalysts are very effective in the removal of CO by oxidation, although it has little propene oxidation activity under these conditions. Addition of Au/TiO2 to Pt/Al2O3 either as a physical mixture or as a pre-catalyst removes the CO and lowers the light-off temperature (T50) for C3H6 oxidation compared with Pt catalyst alone by ~54 °C in a feed of 1% CO, 400 ppm C3H6, 14% O2, 2% H2O. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - GOLD
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - CATALYSIS
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - Au/TiO2
KW  - C3H6 oxidation
KW  - CO oxidation
KW  - physical mixture
KW  - Pt/Al2O3
KW  - synergism
N1  - Accession Number: 15192567; Kim, D. H. 1 Kung, M. C. 2; Email Address: hkung@northwestern.edu Kozlova, A. 2 Yuan, S. D. 2 Kung, H. H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Physics Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352  2: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 98 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: CATALYSIS; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Au/TiO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: C3H6 oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: physical mixture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt/Al2O3; Author-Supplied Keyword: synergism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Do Heui Kim
AU  - Seong Ihl Woo
T1  - Comparison of Two Preparation Methods in the Redox Properties of Pd/CeO2/Ta/Si Model Catalysts: Spin Coating Versus Sputter Deposition.
JO  - Catalysis Letters
JF  - Catalysis Letters
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 98
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 28
SN  - 1011372X
AB  - Pd/CeO2/Ta/Si model catalysts were prepared by spin coating and sputter deposition method, and characterized by means of AFM, SEM and in situ XPS, especially focusing on the redox properties of Ce and Pd elements. Compared with thin CeO2 films (about 2.2nm), the thicker ones (about 22nm) maintained Ce4+ oxidation state even after treatment with H2 up to 500°C while the presence of Pd facilitated the reduction of ceria. The reduction of ceria brought about following that of PdO, which was explained by the spillover of hydride in Pd to CeO2 originating from hydrogen adsorption on the Pd surface. Compared with the sputter deposition method, spin coating produced the smaller size of Pd particles, thus leading to formation of the stable PdO species against hydrogen. Based on these results, a schematic model of Pd/CeO2/Ta/Si was suggested and it might be assumed that spin coating method provided with an environment similar to the conventional impregnation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Letters is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - AFM
KW  - CeO
KW  - CeO2
KW  - model catalyst
KW  - Pd
KW  - spin coating
KW  - sputter deposition
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 15192564; Do Heui Kim 1,2 Seong Ihl Woo 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Center for Ultramicrochemical Process Systems, Korea Advanced Institute Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Kusong-dong, 305-701 South Korea  2: Chemistry and Physics Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Mail Stop: K8-903, Richland, WA 99352; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 98 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeO; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: model catalyst; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pd; Author-Supplied Keyword: spin coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: sputter deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neylon, Michael K.
AU  - Castagnola, Mario J.
AU  - Castagnola, Norma B.
AU  - Marshall, Christopher L.
T1  - Coated bifunctional catalysts for NOx SCR with C3H6: Part I: water-enhanced activity
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 96
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 60
SN  - 09205861
AB  - Bifunctional catalysts comprising metal-exchange zeolites coated by metal oxides have been prepared and shown to be active catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with propylene. Characterization of the materials by various means shows that oxide nano-particles adhere to the external surface of the zeolite and create a fine permeable coating which does not block the zeolite pores. When ceria is used, the combination of phases lowers the maximum activity temperature of the deNOx reaction as much as 150 °C relative to the metal-zeolite only. In addition, a unique activity enhancement in the presence of water is observed. These effects are observed in different zeolite systems to various degrees indicating that the nature of the exchanged metal or zeolite framework is not critical. In particular, CeO2/Cu-ZSM-5 displays a maximum of activity at a temperature as low as 250 °C. The benefits of low temperature and water-enhanced activity obtained by the coating technique exceed those displayed by other bifunctional materials combining cerium and zeolites through different approaches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - CeO2
KW  - Cu-ZSM-5
KW  - deNOx
KW  - Lean-burn
KW  - Low temperature
KW  - Propylene
N1  - Accession Number: 14427813; Neylon, Michael K. Castagnola, Mario J. 1 Castagnola, Norma B. 1 Marshall, Christopher L.; Email Address: clmarshall@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4837, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1/2, p53; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu-ZSM-5; Author-Supplied Keyword: deNOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lean-burn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propylene; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cattod.2004.05.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castagnola, Mario J.
AU  - Neylon, Michael K.
AU  - Marshall, Christopher L.
T1  - Coated bifunctional catalysts for NOx SCR with C3H6: Part II. In situ spectroscopic characterization
JO  - Catalysis Today
JF  - Catalysis Today
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 96
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
EP  - 70
SN  - 09205861
AB  - The effect of finely coating Cu-ZSM-5 with nanoparticles of ceria has been studied in situ by XANES, DRIFTS and TPR. The combination of these techniques reveals a lower temperature of reduction for both metals (Cu and Ce) in the bifunctional catalyst. Copper interacts with ceria nanocrystals at the oxide–zeolite interface and forms a localized phase comparable to doped ceria solid solutions commonly used as oxidation catalysts. As a result the catalyst is able to activate C3H6 and form NO2 at low temperatures. Analysis of the stability of adsorbed CO by DRIFTS suggests that the addition of water promotes the oxidation of Cu1+ on the coated catalyst. In addition, TPD and TGA results, in combination with supplementary DRIFTS experiments, indicate that the ceria coating retains water at the interface during reaction conditions. The combination of these events yields relatively high C3H6-SCR activity at temperatures as low as 250 °C. It is believed that the affinity towards water and extended coverage of the coating also protects the zeolite against degradation by restricting the diffusion of water molecules into the zeolite pores. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Catalysis Today is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - CeO2
KW  - Cu-ZSM-5
KW  - deNOx
KW  - Infrared
KW  - Lean burn
KW  - Low temperature
KW  - Propylene
KW  - TPR
KW  - Water effect
KW  - X-ray absorption
N1  - Accession Number: 14427814; Castagnola, Mario J. 1 Neylon, Michael K. Marshall, Christopher L.; Email Address: clmarshall@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 96 Issue 1/2, p61; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Author-Supplied Keyword: CeO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cu-ZSM-5; Author-Supplied Keyword: deNOx; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lean burn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Propylene; Author-Supplied Keyword: TPR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cattod.2004.05.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hickner, Michael A.
AU  - Ghassemi, Hossein
AU  - Kim, Yu Seung
AU  - Einsla, Brian R.
AU  - McGrath, James E.
T1  - Alternative Polymer Systems for Proton Exchange Membranes (PEMs).
JO  - Chemical Reviews
JF  - Chemical Reviews
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 104
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4587
EP  - 4612
SN  - 00092665
AB  - The article focuses on a study related to alternative polymer systems for proton exchange membranes (PEM). PEM fuel cells are being developed for three main applications: automotive, stationary, and portable power. Each of these applications has its unique operating conditions and material requirements. Common themes critical to all high performance proton exchange membranes include high protonic conductivity, low electronic conductivity, low permeability to fuel and oxidant, low water transport through diffusion and electro-osmosis, oxidative and hydrolytic stability, good mechanical properties in both the dry and hydrated states, cost, and capability for fabrication into membrane electrode assemblies. Nearly all existing membrane materials for PEM fuel cells rely on absorbed water and its interaction with acid groups to produce protonic conductivity.
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
N1  - Accession Number: 14888933; Hickner, Michael A. 1 Ghassemi, Hossein 2 Kim, Yu Seung 3 Einsla, Brian R. 4 McGrath, James E. 4; Email Address: mcgrath@vt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  4: Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 104 Issue 10, p4587; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fischetti, R.F.
AU  - Rodi, D.J.
AU  - Gore, D.B.
AU  - Makowski, L.
T1  - Wide-Angle X-Ray Solution Scattering as a Probe of Ligand-Induced Conformational Changes in Proteins
JO  - Chemistry & Biology
JF  - Chemistry & Biology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1431
EP  - 1443
SN  - 10745521
AB  - A chemical genetics approach to functional analysis of gene products utilizes high-throughput target-based screens of compound libraries to identify ligands that modulate the activity of proteins of interest. Candidates are further screened using functional assays designed specifically for the protein—and function—of interest, suffering from the need to customize the assay to each protein. An alternative strategy is to utilize a probe to detect the structural changes that usually accompany binding of a functional ligand. Wide-angle X-ray scattering from proteins provides a means to identify a broad range of ligand-induced changes in secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure. The speed and accuracy of data acquisition, combined with the label-free targets and binding conditions achievable, indicate that WAXS is well suited as a moderate-throughput assay in the detection and analysis of protein-ligand interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemistry & Biology is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 14717963; Fischetti, R.F. 1,2 Rodi, D.J. 1 Gore, D.B. 3 Makowski, L. 1; Email Address: imakowski@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  2: GM/CA-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  3: Bio-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p1431; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.08.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coquard, J.
AU  - Duffy, P.
AU  - Taylor, K.
AU  - Iorio, J.
T1  - Present and future surface climate in the western USA as simulated by 15 global climate models.
JO  - Climate Dynamics
JF  - Climate Dynamics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
EP  - 472
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09307575
AB  - We analyze results of 15 global climate simulations contributed to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Focusing on the western USA, we consider both present climate simulations and predicted responses to increasing atmospheric CO2. The models vary in their ability to predict the present climate. In the western USA, a few models produce a seasonal cycle for spatially averaged temperature and/or precipitation in good agreement with observational data. Other models tend to over-predict precipitation in the winter or exaggerate the amplitude of the seasonal cycle of temperature. The models also differ in their ability to reproduce the spatial patterns of temperature and precipitation in the USA. Considering the monthly mean precipitation responses to doubled atmospheric CO2, averaged over the western USA, we find some models predict increases while others predict decreases. The predicted temperature response, on the other hand, is invariably positive over this region; however, for each month, the range of values given by the different models is large compared to the mean model response. We look for possible relationships between the models’ temperature and precipitation responses to doubled CO2 concentration and their ability to simulate some aspects of the present climate. We find that these relationships are weak, at best. The precipitation response over the western USA in DJF and the precipitation response over the mid- and tropical latitudes seem to be correlated with the RMS error in simulated present-day precipitation, also calculated over the mid- and tropical latitudes. However, considering only the responses of the models with the smallest RMS errors does not provide a different estimate of the precipitation response to a doubled CO2 concentration, because even among the most accurate models, the range of model responses is so large. For temperature, we find that models that have smaller RMS errors in present-climate temperature in the north eastern Pacific region predict a higher temperature response in the western USA than the models with larger errors. A similar relation exists between the temperature response over Europe in DJF and the RMS error calculated over the Northern Atlantic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climate Dynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 16398466; Coquard, J. 1 Duffy, P. 1; Email Address: pduffy@llnl.gov Taylor, K. 1 Iorio, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  2: Stanford University; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 23 Issue 5, p455; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00382-004-0437-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tieszen, S.R.
AU  - O'Hern, T.J.
AU  - Weckman, E.J.
AU  - Schefer, R.W.
T1  - Experimental study of the effect of fuel mass flux on a 1-m-diameter methane fire and comparison with a hydrogen fire
JO  - Combustion & Flame
JF  - Combustion & Flame
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 139
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
EP  - 141
SN  - 00102180
AB  - Abstract: The effect of fuel mass flux on the flow field of a 1-m-diameter methane fire is examined using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and data from visible flame emission and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) fluorescence. The fuel mass flux is varied from 0.040 to 0.066 kg/m2 s, which is representative of a significant fraction of the range of fuel mass fluxes that occur in liquid hydrocarbon pool fires. The results show that increasing the fuel mass flux increases the size of the region of unmixed fuel vapor but has little effect on the dynamics in the mixing region within the first diameter above the burner surface. In-plane time-averaged velocities and time-averaged turbulent stresses (, , and ) are given for a vertical plane passing through the burner centerline. Visible emission data are used to infer the probability of the maximum mixture fraction along a path normal to the PIV plane failing to exceed a stoichiometric value. PAH fluorescence data are used to infer the radial position of maximum time-averaged turbulent reaction rate as a function of elevation. Methane (0.054 kg/m2 s) and hydrogen (0.022 kg/m2 s) fires with the same inlet enthalpy flow rate (heat release rate) of 2.1 MW are examined. The comparison of results highlights the effect on the flow field of differences in fuel thermochemistry and density. The hydrogen fire reaches a maximum velocity at a lower elevation than that of the methane fire and has a correspondingly shorter unmixed fuel vapor region and greater lateral (radial) extent of the mixing region for a given elevation. The experiments were conducted with controlled and characterized boundary conditions for the purpose of providing validation data sets relevant to conditions found in fully turbulent pool fires. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - Data
KW  - Fire
KW  - Methane
KW  - PIV
KW  - Hydrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 19291482; Tieszen, S.R. 1; Email Address: srtiesz@sandia.gov O'Hern, T.J. 1 Weckman, E.J. 2 Schefer, R.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L3G1  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 139 Issue 1/2, p126; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fire; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIV; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jefferson, David
AU  - Rubin, Aviel D.
AU  - Simons, Barbara
AU  - Wagner, David
T1  - ANALYZING INTERNET VOTING SECURITY.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 47
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 64
SN  - 00010782
AB  - This article analyzes the security of Internet voting. The Secure Electronic Registration and Voting Experiment (SERVE) is an Internet-based voting system built by Accenture and its subcontractors for the U.S. Department of Defense Federal Voting Assistance Program (FVAP). The mission of FVAP is to reduce voting barriers for all citizens covered by the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA), namely U.S. citizens who are members of the military services, their family members, and nonresident U.S. citizens. SERVE is intended to allow UOCAVA voters both to register to vote and to vote via the Internet, from anywhere in the world. To participate, an eligible voter first enrolls in the SERVE program. After enrollment, the voter may register to vote, and then vote in one or two short sessions from any Internet-connected PC. The PC must run a Microsoft Windows operating system and either the Internet Explorer or Netscape Web browser. Because the Internet is independent of national boundaries, an election held over the Internet is vulnerable to attacks from anywhere in the world.
KW  - INTERNET voting
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - BROWSERS (Computer programs)
KW  - OPERATING systems (Computers)
KW  - ELECTRONIC voting
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14523106; Jefferson, David 1; Email Address: d_jefferson@yahoo.com Rubin, Aviel D. 2; Email Address: rubin@jhu.edu Simons, Barbara; Email Address: simons@acm.org Wagner, David 3; Email Address: daw@cs.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Computer scientist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory chair of the Technical Advisory Board for the Secretary of State of California.  2: Professor of Computer Science and the technical director of the Information Security Institute, Johns Hopkins University.  3: Assistant professor of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 47 Issue 10, p59; Subject Term: INTERNET voting; Subject Term: COMPUTER security; Subject Term: BROWSERS (Computer programs); Subject Term: OPERATING systems (Computers); Subject Term: ELECTRONIC voting; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Illustration, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1145/1022594.1022624
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goretta, K.C.
AU  - Cruse, T.A.
AU  - Singh, D.
AU  - Routbort, J.L.
AU  - de Arellano-Lopez, A.R.
AU  - Orlova, T.S.
AU  - Smirnov, B.I.
T1  - Ceramic fibrous monolithic structures
JO  - Composite Structures
JF  - Composite Structures
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 66
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
EP  - 553
SN  - 02638223
AB  - High-strength ceramic fibers and composite structures that contain them are generally expensive. In a lower-cost approach for fabricating fibrous composites, reinforcing fiber-like cells that are distinct from a continuous matrix phase called the cell boundary can be formed in situ from powders. Structures can be constructed by assembly and consolidation of filaments that consist of the cell phase and its surrounding cell boundary.Fabrication of ceramic fibrous monoliths (FMs) is reviewed and mechanical properties of the most widely studied FMs are discussed. Those based on Si3N4 cells within a BN cell boundary have achieved the best overall properties and uniformity of manufacture, but degrade severely at high temperatures in oxidizing environments. Those based on oxides are more stable, but are substantially weaker. Assessment of the future of FMs is offered, including cost reduction, fabrication practice, property improvement, and formation of complex structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Composite Structures is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMECHANICS
KW  - INORGANIC fibers
KW  - CERAMIC fibers
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Composites
KW  - Fibrous monoliths
N1  - Accession Number: 14102702; Goretta, K.C. 1; Email Address: goretta@anl.gov Cruse, T.A. 1; Email Address: cruse@cmt.anl.gov Singh, D. 1; Email Address: dsingh@anl.gov Routbort, J.L. 1; Email Address: routbort@anl.gov de Arellano-Lopez, A.R. 2; Email Address: aral@us.es Orlova, T.S. 3; Email Address: orlova.t@mail.ioffe.ru Smirnov, B.I. 3; Email Address: smir.bi@mail.ioffe.ru; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4838, USA  2: Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, P.O. Box 1065, 41080 Sevilla, Spain  3: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 66 Issue 1-4, p547; Subject Term: BIOMECHANICS; Subject Term: INORGANIC fibers; Subject Term: CERAMIC fibers; Subject Term: BULK solids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ceramics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fibrous monoliths; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.05.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Margolin, L.G.
AU  - Shashkov, Mikhail
T1  - Remapping, recovery and repair on a staggered grid
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 193
IS  - 39-41
M3  - Article
SP  - 4139
EP  - 4155
SN  - 00457825
AB  - An accurate remapping algorithm is an essential component of many arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) methods. In previous work, we have described a local remapping algorithm for a positive cell-centered scalar function that is second-order accurate, conservative, and sign preserving. However remapping in the context of high speed flow introduces new issues, which include the consistent treatment of the kinetic and internal energies, compatible remapping of mass and momentum on the staggered mesh, and the generalization from sign preservation to monotonicity preservation. We describe a remap strategy that deals with each of these issues. Although the theoretical development of this strategy is intricate, the resulting scheme is both simple to implement and efficient. We provide numerical examples to illustrate the individual steps of the remap and its overall performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - EULERIAN graphs
KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - STOPPING power (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ALE methods
KW  - High speed flows
KW  - Remapping
N1  - Accession Number: 14348131; Margolin, L.G. 1; Email Address: len@lanl.gov Shashkov, Mikhail 2; Email Address: shashkov@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-B218, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Theoretical Division, T-7, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 193 Issue 39-41, p4139; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: EULERIAN graphs; Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: STOPPING power (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: ALE methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: High speed flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Remapping; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.07.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Massoudi, M.
AU  - Phuoc, T.
T1  - Flow of a generalized second grade non-Newtonian fluid with variable viscosity.
JO  - Continuum Mechanics & Thermodynamics
JF  - Continuum Mechanics & Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 529
EP  - 538
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09351175
AB  - A modified constitutive equation for a second grade fluid is proposed so that the model would be suitable for studies where shear-thinning (or shear-thickening) may occur. In addition, the dependence of viscosity on the temperature follows the Reynolds equation. In this paper, we propose a constitutive relation, (18), which has the basic structure of a second grade fluid, where the viscosity is now a function of temperature, shear rate, and concentration. As a special case, we solve the fully developed flow of a non-Newtonian fluid given by (11), where the effects of concentration are neglected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Continuum Mechanics & Thermodynamics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NON-Newtonian fluids
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - NEWTONIAN fluids
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - generalized second grade fluids
KW  - pipe flow
KW  - shear-thinning or shear-thickening non-Newtonian fluids
KW  - temperature dependent viscosity
N1  - Accession Number: 14665294; Massoudi, M. 1; Email Address: Massoudi@netl.doe.gov Phuoc, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p529; Subject Term: NON-Newtonian fluids; Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: NEWTONIAN fluids; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: generalized second grade fluids; Author-Supplied Keyword: pipe flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: shear-thinning or shear-thickening non-Newtonian fluids; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature dependent viscosity; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00161-004-0178-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mott, Joni D
AU  - Werb, Zena
T1  - Regulation of matrix biology by matrix metalloproteinases
JO  - Current Opinion in Cell Biology
JF  - Current Opinion in Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 16
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 558
EP  - 564
SN  - 09550674
AB  - Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases that contribute to growth, development and wound healing as well as to pathologies such as arthritis and cancer. Until recently, it has been thought that MMPs participate in these processes simply by degrading extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. However, it is now clear that MMP activity is much more directed and causes the release of cryptic information from the ECM. By precisely cleaving large insoluble ECM components and ECM-associated molecules, MMPs liberate bioactive fragments and growth factors and change ECM architecture, all of which influence cellular behavior. Thus, MMPs have become a focal point for understanding matrix biology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Cell Biology is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLOPROTEINASES
KW  - ENDOPEPTIDASES
KW  - PATHOLOGY
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix
KW  - CONNECTIVE tissues
KW  - ADAM, protein with a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain
KW  - ADAM-TS, an ADAM with a thrombospondin-like motif
KW  - BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
KW  - CR, cysteine-rich
KW  - ECM, extracellular matrix
KW  - LAP, latency-associated peptide
KW  - LTBP, latent TGFβ binding protein
KW  - MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
KW  - MSF, migration-stimulating factor
KW  - MT1-MMP, membrane type 1 MMP
KW  - TGFβ, transforming growth factor β
KW  - VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
N1  - Accession Number: 14392269; Mott, Joni D 1; Email Address: JDMott@lbl.gov Werb, Zena 2; Affiliation:  1: Corresponding author: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Department of Anatomy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 9414-0452, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p558; Subject Term: METALLOPROTEINASES; Subject Term: ENDOPEPTIDASES; Subject Term: PATHOLOGY; Subject Term: EXTRACELLULAR matrix; Subject Term: CONNECTIVE tissues; Author-Supplied Keyword: ADAM, protein with a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain; Author-Supplied Keyword: ADAM-TS, an ADAM with a thrombospondin-like motif; Author-Supplied Keyword: BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: CR, cysteine-rich; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECM, extracellular matrix; Author-Supplied Keyword: LAP, latency-associated peptide; Author-Supplied Keyword: LTBP, latent TGFβ binding protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: MSF, migration-stimulating factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: MT1-MMP, membrane type 1 MMP; Author-Supplied Keyword: TGFβ, transforming growth factor β; Author-Supplied Keyword: VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ceb.2004.07.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Duncan, Ian
AU  - Celniker, Susan E.
T1  - In Memoriam: Edward B. Lewis (1918–2004)
JO  - Developmental Cell
JF  - Developmental Cell
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 487
EP  - 489
SN  - 15345807
N1  - Accession Number: 14647430; Duncan, Ian 1; Email Address: duncan@biology.wustl.edu Celniker, Susan E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA  2: Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p487; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.devcel.2004.09.005
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - May, Crystal D.
AU  - Vaughey, J.T.
T1  - New cathode materials for silver-based primary batteries: AgCuO2 and Ag2Cu2O3
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 6
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1075
EP  - 1079
SN  - 13882481
AB  - Two new silver copper oxides, Ag2Cu2O3 and AgCuO2, were studied and evaluated as primary lithium batteries. Ag2Cu2O3 was found to have a capacity of 358 mAh/g (or 2513 mAh/cc) with an average voltage of 2.0 V, while AgCuO2 had a capacity of 310 mAh/g (or 2214 mAh/cc) with an average voltage of 2.3 V. Material performance was found to vary depending on how the material was discharged due to slow silver migration out of the electrode after reduction by lithium. Differences in the discharge characteristics of AgCuO2 and Ag2Cu2O3 were found to be caused by the relative stability of the Cu(III) cation versus the Ag(I) cation and Cu(II). This was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis, which showed copper (III) reduction occurred before silver reduction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - COPPER oxide
KW  - SILVER
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Medical battery
KW  - Primary battery
KW  - Silver copper oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 14430622; May, Crystal D. 1 Vaughey, J.T.; Email Address: vaughey@cmt.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Bldg. 205, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 6 Issue 10, p1075; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Medical battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Primary battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver copper oxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elecom.2004.08.009
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, C.S.
AU  - Kim, J-S.
AU  - Lefief, C.
AU  - Li, N.
AU  - Vaughey, J.T.
AU  - Thackeray, M.M.
T1  - The significance of the Li2MnO3 component in ‘composite’ xLi2MnO3·(1−x)LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 electrodes
JO  - Electrochemistry Communications
JF  - Electrochemistry Communications
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 6
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1085
EP  - 1091
SN  - 13882481
AB  - The electrochemical behavior of 0.3Li2MnO3·0.7LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 ‘composite’ electrodes, when charged to potentials ⩾4.5 V in lithium cells, has been compared with the behavior of electrodes that were preconditioned by acid treatment. When charged to 5 V, all the lithium can be extracted from 0.3Li2MnO3·0.7LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 in two distinct steps to yield a Mn0.65Ni0.35O2 product, the first step corresponding predominantly to lithium extraction from the electrode structure with the concomitant oxidation of Ni2+ to Ni4+, and the second to the electrochemical removal of Li2O from the structure. The electrode delivers a rechargeable capacity >250 mAh/g when cycled between 5.0 and 2.0 V vs. Li0; the high capacity and cycling stability are attributed to the high manganese (IV) content in the electrode over this voltage range. Acid-treatment significantly reduces the coulombic inefficiency of the initial charge/discharge cycle of the cells. The electrochemical behavior of 0.3Li2MnO3·0.7LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 is compared with that of standard Li2MnO3 electrodes. The advantage of using the two-component notation xLi2MnO3·(1−x)LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 instead of the equivalent layered notation Li[Lix/(2+x)Mn(1+x)/(2+x)Ni(1−x)/(2+x)]O2 to monitor the compositional changes that occur in the electrode during electrochemical charge and discharge is highlighted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochemistry Communications is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - Composite structure
KW  - Layered electrode
KW  - Li2MnO3
KW  - Lithium battery
N1  - Accession Number: 14430625; Johnson, C.S. 1 Kim, J-S. 1 Lefief, C. 1 Li, N. 1 Vaughey, J.T. 1 Thackeray, M.M.; Email Address: thackeray@cmt.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 6 Issue 10, p1085; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered electrode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li2MnO3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium battery; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elecom.2004.08.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, Miaomiao
AU  - Donepudi, V.S.
AU  - Sandi, G.
AU  - Sun, Y.K.
AU  - Prakash, J.
T1  - Electrodeposition of nano-structured nickel–21% tungsten alloy and evaluation of oxygen reduction reaction in a 1% sodium hydroxide solution
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 49
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 4411
EP  - 4416
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The nano-structured nickel–21 at.% tungsten alloys were electrodeposited onto the copper substrates from unstirred sulfate–citrate–chloride–bromide–sodium tungstate electrolyte at 60 °C. The maximum particle sizes of the deposits, as estimated from the atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively were 125, 75, and 100 nm. The Tafel plot for oxygen reduction reaction in oxygenated unstirred 1% sodium hydroxide solution showed a Tafel slope of 130 mV/decade. There were minor variations in the limiting current density with a change in the particle size. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - SODIUM hydroxide
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - ELECTROFORMING
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Electrodeposition
KW  - Nanostructured
KW  - Oxygen reduction
KW  - Tafel plot
N1  - Accession Number: 13804313; Ma, Miaomiao 1 Donepudi, V.S. 1 Sandi, G. 2 Sun, Y.K. 3 Prakash, J. 1; Email Address: prakash@iit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Center for Electrochemical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10, W.33rd Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60616, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, South Korea; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 49 Issue 25, p4411; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: SODIUM hydroxide; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: ELECTROFORMING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodeposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructured; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen reduction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tafel plot; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325181 Alkali and chlorine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.04.037
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hadsell, Lester
AU  - Marathe, Achla
AU  - Shawky, Hany A.
T1  - Estimating the Volatility of Wholesale Electricity Spot Prices in the US.
JO  - Energy Journal
JF  - Energy Journal
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 40
PB  - International Association for Energy Economics, Inc.
SN  - 01956574
AB  - This paper examines the volatility of wholesale electricity prices for five US markets. Using data covering the period from May 1996 to September 2001, for the California-Oregon Border, Palo Verde, Cinergy, Entergy, and Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland markets, we examine the volatility of electricity wholesale prices over time and across markets. We estimate volatility using a TARCH model to study the differences among markets and the seasonal characteristics of each market. For all markets, we find strong evidence for a downward trend in the ARCH term and a significant negative asymmetric effect over the sample period. We also document important differences among the regional electricity markets not only with respect to wholesale price volatility and seasonal variations, but also with respect to asymmetric properties and persistence of volatility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Journal is the property of International Association for Energy Economics, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLATILITY (Finance)
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - RISK
KW  - PRICES
KW  - U.S. states
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14772120; Hadsell, Lester 1; Email Address: hadsell@albany.edu Marathe, Achla 2; Email Address: achla@lanl.gov Shawky, Hany A. 1; Email Address: h.shawky@albany.edu; Affiliation:  1: School of Business, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, USA  2: Modeling, Algorithms and Informatics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p23; Subject Term: VOLATILITY (Finance); Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: RISK; Subject Term: PRICES; Subject Term: U.S. states; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rihs, Sophie
AU  - Sturchio, Neil C.
AU  - Orlandini, Kent
AU  - Cheng, Likwan
AU  - Teng, Henry
AU  - Fenter, Paul
AU  - Bedzyk, Michael J.
T1  - Interaction of Uranyl with Calcite in the Presence of EDIA.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5078
EP  - 5086
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Adsorption of uranyl at the surface of calcite was investigated by using batch sorption experiments and synchrotron X-ray standing wave (XSW) measurements. Aqueous solutions containing 236U(Vl) (4.5 × 10-7 to 1.0 × 10-4 M) and EDTA (5.0 × 10-7 to 1.1 × 10-4 M) were reacted for 90 s to 60 mm with freshly cleaved calcite (104) surfaces and calcite powders. Surface exchange coefficients, sorption kinetics, and influence of powder surface area/solution volume (SNV) ratio were investigated by α-counting of 236U. Powder sorption results at SAN = 870 cm²/mL fit a Freundlich isotherm [log [U]surface (in monolayers) = log K + n log [U]aq (in moles/L)], where K = 1.9 ± 0.5 and n = 0.9 ± 0.1, consistent with uptake of U(Vl) by a specific surface reaction where the availability of sorption sites is nonlimiting in the U concentration range measured. Measured U(Vl) coverages along this isotherm, based on the calcite (104) surface Ca site density, ranged from 0.04% to 5.4% of a monolayer. Steady state surface coverages were obtained within 90 s. Sorption of U(Vl) on calcite (104) single-crystal cleavage surfaces using identical solutions yielded higher coverages, because of increased step density induced by dissolution at the relatively low SNV ratio (∼1) of these measurements. The crystallographic location of the sorbed U(Vl) was examined with the synchrotron XSW technique. Measurements were performed at the Advanced Photon Source on fresh calcite (104) cleavage surfaces reacted for 90 s with U(Vl) solutions. Coherent fractions for sorbed U ranged from 0.14 to 0.62, and the mean value of the U coherent position was 0.84 ± 0.02. This position was independent of dissolved U(Vl) concentration and corresponds to a distance between the U atom and the calcite (104) plane of 2.55 ± 0.06 Å. These results are consistent with U(Vl) adsorption at the calcite surface as an inner-sphere uranyl- carbonate surface complex bonded with the outer oxygen atom(s) of a single surface carbonate group. Steric considerations allow this observed U(Vl) surface complex to occur both at step sites ((441)- and (481)-) and on terrace areas adjacent to Ca vacancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Crystalline polymers
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Calcite
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Carbonate minerals
KW  - Rock-forming minerals
N1  - Accession Number: 14719752; Rihs, Sophie 1; Sturchio, Neil C. 1; Email Address: Sturchio@uic.edu; Orlandini, Kent 1; Cheng, Likwan 1; Teng, Henry 1; Fenter, Paul 1; Bedzyk, Michael J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4843.; Issue Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 19, p5078; Thesaurus Term: Crystalline polymers; Thesaurus Term: Calcium; Subject Term: Calcite; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: Carbonate minerals; Subject Term: Rock-forming minerals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Duff, M. C.
AU  - Hunter, D. B.
AU  - Hobbs, D. T.
AU  - Fink, S. D.
AU  - Dai, Z.
AU  - Bradley, J. P.
T1  - Mechanisms of Strontium and Uranium Removal from High-Level Radioactive Waste Simulant Solutions by the Sorbent Monosodium Titanate.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5201
EP  - 5207
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - High-level waste (HLW) is a waste associated with the dissolution of spent nuclear fuel for the recovery of weapons-grade material. It is the priority problem for the U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Management Program. Current HLW treatment processes at the Savannah River Site (Aiken, SC) include the use of monosodium titanate (MST, with a similar stoichiometry to NaTi2O5·xH2O) to concentrate strontium (Sr) and actinides. The high affinity of MST for Sr and actinides in HLW solutions rich in Na+ is poorly understood. Mechanistic information about the nature of radionuclide uptake will provide insight about MST treatment reliability. Our study characterized the morphology of MST and the chemistry of sorbed Sr2+ and uranium [U(Vl)] as uranyl ion, UO22+, on MST, which were added (individually) from stock solutions of Sr and 238U(VI) with spectroscopic and transmission electron microscopic techniques. The local structure of sorbed U varied with loading, but the local structure of Sr did not vary with loading. Sorbed Sr exhibited specific adsorption as partially hydrated species whereas sorbed U exhibited specific adsorption as monomeric and dimeric U(Vl)-carbonate complexes. Sorption proved site specific. These differences in site specificity and sorption mechanism may account for the difficulties associated with predicting Sr and U loading and removal kinetics using MST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Surface chemistry
KW  - Strontium
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Chemical kinetics
KW  - Activity coefficients
N1  - Accession Number: 14719768; Duff, M. C. 1; Email Address: martine.duff@srs.gov.; Hunter, D. B. 1; Hobbs, D. T. 1; Fink, S. D. 1; Dai, Z. 1; Bradley, J. P. 1; Affiliations: 1: Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC), Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL), Aiken, South Carolina 29808, and MVA Incorporated, 5500 Oakbrook Parkway, Norcross, Georgia 30093; Issue Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 19, p5201; Thesaurus Term: Absorption; Thesaurus Term: Surface chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Strontium; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Subject Term: Chemical kinetics; Subject Term: Activity coefficients; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macleod, Matthew
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
T1  - MULTIMEDIA PERSISTENCE AS AN INDICATOR OF POTENTIAL FOR POPULATION LEVEL INTAKE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS.
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2465
EP  - 2472
SN  - 07307268
AB  - Although intuitively it is apparent that population-level exposure to contaminants dispersed in the environment must be related to the persistence of the contaminant, there has been little effort to quantify this link formally. In this paper we investigate the relationship between overall persistence and/or overall residence time in a multimedia exposure environment and the population level intake of contaminants as expressed by intake fraction (iF), the cumulative fraction of chemical emitted to the environment that is taken up by members of the population. We demonstrate that for any given contaminant and emission scenario the definition of iF implies that it is directly proportional to the overall multimedia persistence (POV), or the overall multimedia residence time (TOV). The proportionality constant has dimensions of time and represents the characteristic time for population intake (CTI) of the chemical from the environment. We then apply the CalTOX fate and exposure model to explore how TOV and CTI combine to determine the magnitude of iF. We find that CTI has a narrow range of possible values relative to TOV across multiple chemicals and emissions scenarios. We use data from the Canadian Environmental Protection Act Priority Substance List (PSL1) Assessments and multimedia POV to show that exposure assessments based on empirical observation are consistent with interpretations from the model. Results indicate that POV derived from screening-level assessments of persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity (PBT) is a useful indicator of the potential for population-level exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL law
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
KW  - POLLUTION control industry
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - POLLUTANTS
KW  - Characteristic time/intake
KW  - Exposure model
KW  - Fugacity
KW  - Intake fraction
KW  - Persistence
N1  - Accession Number: 22126102; Macleod, Matthew 1; Email Address: mjmacleod@lbl.gov McKone, Thomas E. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p2465; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL law; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Subject Term: POLLUTION control industry; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: POLLUTANTS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Characteristic time/intake; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fugacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intake fraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Persistence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldman, Jacki
AU  - Andrews, Steven
AU  - Bray, Dennis
T1  - Size and composition of membrane protein clusters predicted by Monte Carlo analysis.
JO  - European Biophysics Journal
JF  - European Biophysics Journal
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 506
EP  - 512
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 01757571
AB  - Biological membranes contain a high density of protein molecules, many of which associate into two-dimensional microdomains with important physiological functions. We have used Monte Carlo simulations to examine the self-association of idealized protein species in two dimensions. The proteins have defined bond strengths and bond angles, allowing us to estimate the size and composition of the aggregates they produce at equilibrium. With a single species of protein, the extent of cluster formation and the sizes of individual clusters both increase in non-linear fashion, showing a “phase change” with protein concentration and bond strength. With multiple co-aggregating proteins, we find that the extent of cluster formation also depends on the relative proportions of participating species. For some lattice geometries, a stoichiometric excess of particular species depresses cluster formation and moreover distorts the composition of clusters that do form. Our results suggest that the self-assembly of microdomains might require a critical level of subunits and that for optimal co-aggregation, proteins should be present in the membrane in the correct stoichiometric ratios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Biophysics Journal is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - LATTICE gas
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - Aggregation
KW  - Composition
KW  - Lattice gas
KW  - Microdomains
KW  - Phase change
N1  - Accession Number: 14815420; Goldman, Jacki 1,2 Andrews, Steven 1,3 Bray, Dennis 1; Email Address: db10009@cam.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ UK  2: Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NF UK  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 93720 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p506; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: LATTICE gas; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aggregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lattice gas; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microdomains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase change; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00249-004-0391-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kondev, F.
AU  - Dracoulis, G.
AU  - Lane, G.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Byrne, A.
AU  - Carpenter, M.
AU  - Chowdhury, P.
AU  - Freeman, S.
AU  - Hammond, N.
AU  - Janssens, R.
AU  - Kibédi, T.
AU  - Lauritsen, T.
AU  - Lister, C. J.
AU  - Mukherjee, G.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Tandel, S. K.
T1  - K-Mixing and fast decay of a seven-quasiparticle isomer in179Ta.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 27
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - A seven-quasiparticle isomer withandT1/2 = 53 ( + 3-7) ns has been identified in179Ta. By comparing its excitation energy with results from multi-quasiparticle calculations that include the effects of blocking and residual nucleon-nucleon interactions, the isomer is assigned the(5/2 +[402], 7/2 +[404],(5/2-[512], 7/2-[514], 7/2-[503], 9/2 +[624]) configuration. The decay of this isomer is found to be unusually fast, a feature that is attributed to a mixing with a specific collective level. The interaction strength is found to be orders of magnitude lower than that observed between interacting collective levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
N1  - Accession Number: 15014126; Kondev, F. 1; Email Address: kondev@anl.gov Dracoulis, G. 2 Lane, G. 2 Ahmad, I. 3 Byrne, A. 2,4,5 Carpenter, M. 3 Chowdhury, P. 6 Freeman, S. 3 Hammond, N. 3 Janssens, R. 3 Kibédi, T. 2 Lauritsen, T. 3 Lister, C. J. 3 Mukherjee, G. 3,6,7 Seweryniak, D. 3 Tandel, S. K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: Department of Nuclear Physics, R.S.Phys.S.E, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  4: Department of Physics, The Faculties, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.  6: Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.  7: Nuclear and Atomic Physics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700 064, India.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2004-10025-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lal, J.
AU  - Hakem, I. F.
T1  - Unusual behaviour of poly(ethylene-oxide) in aqueous mixtures.
JO  - European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 223
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 12928941
AB  - The model system of poly(ethylene-oxide) or PEO, where the changing hydrogen-bond connectivity of the water has large effect on the conformation of the polymer chain, in mixtures of water and acetonitrile, is experimentally studied. The results show the existence of a threshold water content in the system at which the 3d connectivity of the water network begins. Unusual expansion of the polymer chain, an effect larger than that observed in either of the pure solvents, is seen. Upon addition of small amounts of a monovalent salt, binding of ion to polymer takes place in pure acetonitrile solutions. Salt ions begin to co-ordinate with water molecules at the same solvent ratio as the threshold for water network formation. Ions now no longer complex to PEO; instead, hydrogen bonding of water to the polymer strongly dictates conformation in this regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15026399; Lal, J. 1; Email Address: jlal@anl.gov Hakem, I. F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, IPNS, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Tlemcen University, Faculty of Science, Physics Department, B.P. 119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p217; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epje/i2004-10050-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turčániová, L'udmila
AU  - Soong, Yee
AU  - Lovás, Michal
AU  - Mockovčiaková, Annamária
AU  - Oriňak, Andrej
AU  - Justinová, Martina
AU  - Znamenáčková, Ingrid
AU  - Beǽovská, Mária
AU  - Marchant, Sharon
T1  - The effect of microwave radiation on the triboelectrostatic separation of coal
JO  - Fuel
JF  - Fuel
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 83
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 2075
EP  - 2079
SN  - 00162361
AB  - The triboelectrostatic separation and extraction of Slovak brown coal samples—untreated and microwave-treated, were analyzed. The changes in the coal structure as a result of interaction between the microwave radiation and the coal facilitated improvements to the process of separation and extraction of the coal. In the case of microwave-treated coal at a power of 900 W for a period of 10 min it was possible to obtain increased content of volatile substances to 44 wt% compared to 30 wt% in the untreated sample and decrease of ash content from 49 to 18.3 wt%. The quality of triboelectrostatic separation of microwave irradiated and non-irradiated coal samples was evaluated by comparing the recoveries of the combustible matter and ash. The influence of microwaves on the extraction of coal was also positive: the preliminary thin layer chromatographic analysis of 2 min microwave irradiated and non-irradiated coal extracts confirmed the effect of microwaves on qualitative organic matter composition in the extracts utilizable for special purposes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COAL
KW  - MICROWAVES
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - FUEL
KW  - Microwave pre-treatment
KW  - Slovak brown coal
KW  - Triboelectrostatic separation
N1  - Accession Number: 13702506; Turčániová, L'udmila 1 Soong, Yee 2 Lovás, Michal 1 Mockovčiaková, Annamária 1; Email Address: mocka@saske.sk Oriňak, Andrej 3 Justinová, Martina 3 Znamenáčková, Ingrid 1 Beǽovská, Mária 1 Marchant, Sharon 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 043 53 Košice, Slovakia  2: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, P.O. Box 880 Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA  3: Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of P.J. Šafarik, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia  4: US Department of Energy, Federal Energy Technology Center, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 83 Issue 14/15, p2075; Subject Term: COAL; Subject Term: MICROWAVES; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: FUEL; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microwave pre-treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slovak brown coal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triboelectrostatic separation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fuel.2004.04.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parra, Marilyn
AU  - Gee, Sherry
AU  - Chan, Nadine
AU  - Ryaboy, Dmitriy
AU  - Dubchak, Inna
AU  - Mohandas, Narla
AU  - Gascard, Philippe D.
AU  - Conboy, John G.
T1  - Differential domain evolution and complex RNA processing in a family of paralogous EPB41 (protein 4.1) genes facilitate expression of diverse tissue-specific isoforms
JO  - Genomics
JF  - Genomics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 84
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 637
EP  - 646
SN  - 08887543
N1  - Accession Number: 14650233; Parra, Marilyn 1 Gee, Sherry 1 Chan, Nadine 1 Ryaboy, Dmitriy 1 Dubchak, Inna 1 Mohandas, Narla 2 Gascard, Philippe D. 1 Conboy, John G.; Email Address: jgconboy@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10021, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 84 Issue 4, p637; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.06.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raymond, Jason
AU  - Blankenship, Robert E.
T1  - Biosynthetic pathways, gene replacement and the antiquity of life.
JO  - Geobiology
JF  - Geobiology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 203
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14724677
AB  - The appearance of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere, a by-product of oxygenic photosynthesis invented by primitive cyanobacteria, stands as one of the major events in the history of life on Earth. While independent lines of geological data suggest that oxygen first began to accumulate in the atmospherec. 2.2 billion years ago, a growing body of biomarker data purports to push this date back fully 500 million years, based on the presumption that an oxygen-dependent biochemistry was functional at this time. Here, we present a cautionary tale in the extension of modern biochemistry into Archean biota, identifying a suite of examples of evolutionary convergence where an enzyme catalysing a highly specific, O2-requiring reaction has an oxygen-independent counterpart, able to carry out the same reaction under anoxic conditions. The anaerobic enzyme has almost certainly been replaced in many reactions by the more efficient and irreversible aerobic version that uses O2. We suggest that the unambiguous interpretation of Archean biomarkers demands a rigorous understanding of modern biochemistry and its extensibility into ancient organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geobiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
N1  - Accession Number: 16224385; Raymond, Jason 1 Blankenship, Robert E. 2; Email Address: RBlankenship@asu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona state University Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p199; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1472-4677.2004.00037.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benzerara, K.
AU  - Yoon, T. H.
AU  - Tyliszczak, T.
AU  - Constantz, B.
AU  - Spormann, A. M.
AU  - Brown Jr., G. E.
T1  - Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy study of microbial calcification.
JO  - Geobiology
JF  - Geobiology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 259
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14724677
AB  - Calcium phosphates and calcium carbonates are among the most prevalent minerals involved in microbial fossilization. Characterization of both the organic and mineral components in biomineralized samples is, however, usually difficult at the appropriate spatial resolution (i.e. at the submicrometer scale). Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) was used to measure C K-edge, P L-edge, and Ca L-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of some calcium-containing minerals common in biomineralization processes and to study the experimental biomineralization by the model microorganism,Caulobacter crescentus. We show that the Ca L2,3-edges for hydroxyapatite, calcite, vaterite, and aragonite are unique and can be used as probes to detect these different mineral phases. Using these results, we showed thatC. crescentuscells, when cultured in the presence of high calcium concentration, precipitated carbonate hydroxyapatite. In parallel, we detected proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids in the mineralizing bacteria at the single-cell scale. Finally, we discussed the utility of STXM for the study of natural fossilized microbial systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Geobiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIFICATION
KW  - CALCIUM phosphate
KW  - CALCIUM carbonate
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - SCANNING transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 16224383; Benzerara, K. 1; Email Address: benzerar@stanford.edu Yoon, T. H. 1 Tyliszczak, T. 2 Constantz, B. 3 Spormann, A. M. 4,5,6 Brown Jr., G. E. 1,7; Affiliation:  1: Surface and Aqueous Geochemistry Group, Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Skeletal Kinetics, 10201 Bubb Road, Cupertino, CA 95104, USA  4: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  5: Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  6: Department of Geological & Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  7: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p249; Subject Term: CALCIFICATION; Subject Term: CALCIUM phosphate; Subject Term: CALCIUM carbonate; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: SCANNING transmission electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1472-4677.2004.00039.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mcdowell, N. G.
AU  - Bowling, D. R.
AU  - Schauer, A.
AU  - Irvine, J.
AU  - Bond, B. J.
AU  - Law, B. E.
AU  - Ehleringer, J. R.
T1  - Associations between carbon isotope ratios of ecosystem respiration, water availability and canopy conductance.
JO  - Global Change Biology
JF  - Global Change Biology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1767
EP  - 1784
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13541013
AB  - We tested the hypothesis that the stable carbon isotope signature of ecosystem respiration (δ13CR) was regulated by canopy conductance (Gc) using weekly Keeling plots (n=51) from a semiarid old-growth ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest in Oregon, USA. For a comparison of forests in two contrasting climates we also evaluated trends inδ13CR from a wet 20-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) plantation located near the Pacific Ocean. Intraannual variability inδ13CR was greater than 8.0‰ at both sites, was highest during autumn, winter, and spring when rainfall was abundant, and lowest during summer drought. Theδ13CR of the dry pine forest was consistently more positive than the wetter Douglas-fir forest (mean annualδ13CR:−25.41‰ vs.−26.23‰, respectively,P=0.07). At the Douglas-fir forest,δ13CR–climate relationships were consistent with predictions based on stomatal regulation of carbon isotope discrimination (Δ). Soil water content (SWC) and vapor pressure deficit (vpd) were the most important factors governingδ13CR in this forest throughout the year. In contrast,δ13CR at the pine forest was relatively insensitive toSWCorvpd, and exhibited a smaller drought-related enrichment (∼2‰) than the enrichment observed during drought at the Douglas-fir forest (∼5‰). Groundwater access at the pine forest may buffer canopy–gas exchange from drought. Despite this potential buffering,δ13CR at the pine forest was significantly but weakly related to canopy conductance (Gc), suggesting thatδ13CR remains coupled to canopy–gas exchange despite groundwater access. During drought,δ13CR was strongly correlated with soil temperature at both forests. The hypothesis that canopy-level physiology is a critical regulator ofδ13CR was supported; however, belowground respiration may become more important during rain-free periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - ECOPHYSIOLOGY
KW  - PLANT ecophysiology
KW  - carbon isotopes
KW  - climate
KW  - ecosystem respiration
KW  - Keeling plot
KW  - Pinus ponderosa
KW  - Pseudotsuga menziesii
KW  - stomatal conductance
N1  - Accession Number: 14603409; Mcdowell, N. G. 1; Email Address: mcdowell@lanl.gov Bowling, D. R. 2 Schauer, A. 2 Irvine, J. 3 Bond, B. J. 3 Law, B. E. 3 Ehleringer, J. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-D462 Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Stable Isotope Ratio Facility for Environmental Research, Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  3: Department of Forest Science, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 10 Issue 10, p1767; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: ECOPHYSIOLOGY; Subject Term: PLANT ecophysiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecosystem respiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Keeling plot; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pinus ponderosa; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pseudotsuga menziesii; Author-Supplied Keyword: stomatal conductance; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00837.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14603409&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Potter, Charles A.
T1  - APPLICATION OF THE ICRP CLARIFICATION OF THE TRITIUM METABOLIC MODEL.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 87
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 375
EP  - 381
SN  - 00179078
AB  - In 2001, the International Commission on Radiological Protection published a clarification to the model for tritium metabolism. This clarification described the use of the gastrointestinal tract model, respiratory tract model, and transfer compartment in calculations of tritium metabolism. This information was used to derive intake retention fractions for tritium and tritium compounds including tritiated water, organically bound tritium, and tritides. In addition, dose coefficients were derived for tritide compounds including general categories described by the ICRP and some specific compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Tritium
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Medical radiology
KW  - Dosage of drugs
KW  - internal; biokinetics; International Commission on Radiological Protection
KW  - tritium; dosimetry
N1  - Accession Number: 14576469; Potter, Charles A. 1; Email Address: capotte@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, MS0651, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 87 Issue 4, p375; Subject Term: Tritium; Subject Term: Metabolism; Subject Term: Medical radiology; Subject Term: Dosage of drugs; Author-Supplied Keyword: internal; biokinetics; International Commission on Radiological Protection; Author-Supplied Keyword: tritium; dosimetry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 8 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holden, Norman B.
AU  - Reciniello, Richard N.
AU  - Hu, Jih-Perng
T1  - 2003 REVIEW OF NEUTRON AND NON-NEUTRON NUCLEAR DATA.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 87
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 410
EP  - 415
SN  - 00179078
AB  - This paper reviews the scientific literature for new measurements of both non-neutron and neutron nuclear data. Some of the highlights of this review are the following items. There was a withdrawal of a previous claim for discovery of element 118. There have been new measurements of some isotopic abundance values that have led to changes for many elements. There was a new set of recommended standards for calibration of gamma-ray energies published for many nuclides. There have been new half-life measurements reported for very short lived isotopes, for many tong-lived nuclides, and for half-lives of double beta (ββ) decay measurements for quasi-stable nuclides. There was also a new reassessment reported of spontaneous fission (sf) half-lives for ground state nuclides, which distinguished between the half-lives from sf decay and from cluster decay and from the new cluster-fission decay process. This review reports on various nuclear interactions such as charged particle cross sections (n,p) and (n,α) measurements for thermal neutrons incident on light nuclides. New thermal (n,γ) cross sections and neutron resonance integrals that have been measured or re-evaluated are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Physics
KW  - Radioactive decay
KW  - Nuclear reactions
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - education
KW  - health physics
KW  - neutrons
KW  - particle
KW  - physics
KW  - reviews
N1  - Accession Number: 14576473; Holden, Norman B. 1; Reciniello, Richard N. 1; Email Address: recinello@bal.gov; Hu, Jih-Perng 1; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 87 Issue 4, p410; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive decay; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactions; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: education; Author-Supplied Keyword: health physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle; Author-Supplied Keyword: physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: reviews; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 5 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, S. B.
AU  - Janotti, A.
AU  - Wei, S.-H.
AU  - Van De Walle, C. G.
T1  - Physics of defects and hydrogen in dilute nitrides.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 151
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 369
EP  - 377
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 13502433
AB  - The article reports that dilute nitrides are emerging materials for optoelectronics. These materials provide the opportunity to study semiconductor alloys where atoms of very large size mismatch are mixed purposely by modern epitaxial growth techniques. Extensive efforts have been made towards the understanding of the electronic properties of such alloys, in which size-mismatch-induced spatial localisation of the electronic states appears to have played a very important role, in contrast to conventional alloys. In comparison, however, relatively little progress has been made towards the understanding of the defect and impurity properties in this class of materials despite the fact that such studies are essential for realising the vast technological potential of dilute nitrides.
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 15285516; Zhang, S. B. 1 Janotti, A. 1 Wei, S.-H. 1 Van De Walle, C. G. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA.  2: Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 151 Issue 5, p369; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-opt:20041037
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15285516&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
AU  - Scarpulla, M. A.
AU  - Dubon, O. D
AU  - Shan, W.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Beeman, J. W.
AU  - Becla, P.
T1  - Synthesis and properties of highly mismatched II-O-VI alloys.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 151
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 452
EP  - 459
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 13502433
AB  - The article reports that group II-O-VI semiconductors with the anions partially replaced by highly electronegative isoelectronic O atoms are a direct analogue of the extensively studied dilute nitrides. It has been suggested and experimentally demonstrated that the electronic band structure of such highly mismatched alloys (HMAs) is determined by the anticrossing interaction between localised O or N states and the extended states of the semiconductor matrix. These results have important implications for the existing theoretical models of the electronic structure of the highly mismatched alloys.
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HIGH technology industries
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 15287952; Yu, K. M. 1 Walukiewicz, W. 1 Scarpulla, M. A. 1,2 Dubon, O. D 1,2 Shan, W. 1 Wu, J. 1 Beeman, J. W. 1 Becla, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 151 Issue 5, p452; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HIGH technology industries; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-opt:20040932
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Yu, K. M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
T1  - Mutual passivation effects in highly mismatched group III-V-N alloys.
JO  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
JF  - IEE Proceedings -- Optoelectronics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 151
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 460
EP  - 464
PB  - Institution of Engineering & Technology
SN  - 13502433
AB  - The article reports on mutual passivation effects in highly mismatched group III-V-N alloys. Indium was introduced to compensate the N-induced lattice contraction. Si dopants were introduced during the growth. The epitaxially grown samples were rapidly thermally annealed (RTA) in a flowing N2 ambient in the temperature range 550-950 degrees centigrade for 10-120 s with the sample surface protected by a blank GaAs water. The bandgaps of the films were measured by photomodulated reflectance spectroscopy at room temperature using a chopped HeCd laser beam for modulation.
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15287986; Wu, J. 1 Yu, K. M. 1 Walukiewicz, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 151 Issue 5, p460; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1049/ip-opt:20040933
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15287986&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hsueh-Yuan Pao
AU  - Zhaohui Zhu
AU  - Dvorak, Steven L.
T1  - Exact, Closed-Form Representations for the Time-Domain Surface Impedances of a Homogeneous, Lossy HaIf-Space.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 52
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2659
EP  - 2665
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - In this paper, we derive exact, closed-form representations for the transverse electric and transverse magnetic time- domain, surface impedances associated with a plane wave that is obliquely incident on a homogeneous, lossy half-space. The time- domain surface impedances are expressed in terms of modified Bessel functions and incomplete Lipschitz-Hankel integrals. The limitations on the validity of a previously published approximate expression are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC impedance
KW  - CONTACT transformations
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - SHEAR waves
KW  - TIME-domain analysis
KW  - INTEGRALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14753241; Hsueh-Yuan Pao 1; Email Address: pao2@llnl.gov Zhaohui Zhu 2; Email Address: zhzhu@ece.arizona.edu Dvorak, Steven L. 1; Email Address: dvorak@ece.arizona.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 52 Issue 10, p2659; Subject Term: ELECTRIC impedance; Subject Term: CONTACT transformations; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: SHEAR waves; Subject Term: TIME-domain analysis; Subject Term: INTEGRALS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11091TAP.2004. 834460
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rieben, Robert N.
AU  - White, Daniel A.
AU  - Rodrigue, Garry H.
T1  - Improved Conditioning of Finite Element Matrices Using New High-Order Interpolatory Bases.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 52
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2675
EP  - 2683
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - The condition number of finite element matrices constructed from interpolatory bases will grow as the polynomial degree of the basis functions is increased. The worst case scenario for this growth rate is exponential and in this paper we demonstrate through computational example that the traditional set of uniformly distributed interpolation points yields this behavior. We propose a set of nonuniform interpolation points which yield a much improved polynomial growth rate of condition number. These points can be used to construct several types of popular hexahedral basis functions including the 0-form (standard Lagrangian), 1-form (Curl conforming), and 2-form (Divergence conforming) varieties. We demonstrate through computational example the benefits of using these new interpolatory bases in finite element solutions to Maxwell's equations in both the frequency and time domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - MAXWELL equations
KW  - TIME-domain analysis
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14753243; Rieben, Robert N. 1; Email Address: riebenl@llnl.gov White, Daniel A. 2; Email Address: white37@lInl.gov Rodrigue, Garry H. 3,4; Email Address: rodrigue@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8677 USA.  2: Computational Engineering Group, Defense Sciences Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.  3: Department of Applied Science, University of t California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8677 USA  4: Institute for Scientific Computing Research, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 52 Issue 10, p2675; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: MAXWELL equations; Subject Term: TIME-domain analysis; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.11 09/TAP.2004.834387
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chanchio, Kasidit
AU  - Sun, Xian-He
T1  - Communication State Transfer for the Mobility of Concurrent Heterogeneous Computing.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Computers
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Computers
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 53
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1260
EP  - 1273
SN  - 00189340
AB  - In a dynamic environment where a process can migrate from one host to another host, communication state transfer is a key issue of process coordination. This paper presents a set of data communication and process migration protocols to support communication state transfer in a dynamic, distributed parallel environment. The protocols preserve the semantics of point-to-point communication; they guarantee message delivery, maintain message ordering, and do not introduce deadlock when blocking send or receive operations are performed during process migration. Analytical proofs and prototype implementation are conducted to confirm the correctness of the protocols. Analytical and experimental results show the proposed design is valid and has a true potential in network computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Computers is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers)
KW  - HIGH performance computing
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - INFORMATION theory
KW  - COMPUTER network protocols
KW  - STANDARDS
KW  - Communication protocol
KW  - distributed and parallel processing
KW  - point-to-point communication
KW  - process migration
N1  - Accession Number: 14421240; Chanchio, Kasidit 1; Email Address: chanchiok@ornl.gov. Sun, Xian-He 2; Email Address: sun@cs.iit.edu.; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P0 Box 2008, Building 5600, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6016.  2: Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 W. 31st St., Chicago, IL 60616; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 53 Issue 10, p1260; Subject Term: PARALLEL processing (Electronic computers); Subject Term: HIGH performance computing; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: INFORMATION theory; Subject Term: COMPUTER network protocols; Subject Term: STANDARDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Communication protocol; Author-Supplied Keyword: distributed and parallel processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: point-to-point communication; Author-Supplied Keyword: process migration; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arghavani, R.
AU  - Yuan, Z.
AU  - Ingle, N.
AU  - Jung, K-B
AU  - Seamons, M.
AU  - Venkataraman, S.
AU  - Banthia, V.
AU  - Lilja, K.
AU  - Leon, P.
AU  - Karunasiri, G.
AU  - Yoon, S.
AU  - Mascarenhas, A.
T1  - Stress Management in Sub-90-nm Transistor Architecture.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 51
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1740
EP  - 1746
SN  - 00189383
AB  - This brief focuses on the physical characteristics of three dielectric films which can induce a significant degree of tensile or compressive stress in the channel of a sub-90-nm node MOS structure. Manufacturable and highly reliable oxide films have demonstrated, based on simulation, the ability to induce greater than 1.5-GPa tensile stress in the Si channel, when used as shallow trench isolation (STI) fill. Low-temperature blanket nitride films with a stress range of 2 GPa compressive to greater than 1.4 GPa tensile were also developed to enhance performance in both PMOS and NMOS devices. Combined with a tensile first interlayer dielectric film, the stress management and optimization of the above films can yield significant performance improvement without additional cost, or integration complexities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - TRANSISTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14674541; Arghavani, R. 1; Email Address: Reza_Arghavani@amat.com Yuan, Z. 1 Ingle, N. 1 Jung, K-B 1 Seamons, M. 1 Venkataraman, S. 1 Banthia, V. 1 Lilja, K. 2 Leon, P. 2 Karunasiri, G. 3 Yoon, S. 4 Mascarenhas, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Applied Materials, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA.  2: Mixed Technology Associates, Newark, CA 94560 USA.  3: Department of Physics, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 51 Issue 10, p1740; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TED.2004.835993
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Yong
AU  - Goldgof, Dmitry B.
AU  - Sarkar, Sudeep
AU  - Tsap, Leonid V.
T1  - A Modeling Approach for Burn Scar Assessment Using Natural Features and Elastic Property.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 23
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1325
EP  - 1329
SN  - 02780062
AB  - A modeling approach is presented for quantitative burn scar assessment. Emphases are given to: 1) constructing a finite-element mode) from natural image features with an adaptive mesh and 2) quantifying the Young's modulus of scars using the finite-element model and regularization method, A set of natural point features is extracted from the images of burn patients. A Delaunay triangle mesh is then generated that adapts to the point features. A three-dimensional finite-element model is built on top of the mesh with the aid of range images providing the depth information. The Young's modulus of scars is quantified with a simplified regularization functional, assuming that the knowledge of the scar's geometry is available. The consistency between the relative elasticity index and the physician's rating based on the Vancouver scale (a relative scale used to rate burn scars) indicates that the proposed modeling approach has high potential for image-based quantitative burn scar assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BURNS & scalds
KW  - SCARS
KW  - PATIENTS
KW  - PHYSICIANS
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - WOUNDS & injuries
N1  - Accession Number: 14724904; Zhang, Yong 1; Email Address: zhang@csee.usf.edu Goldgof, Dmitry B. 2; Email Address: goldgof@csee.usf.edu Sarkar, Sudeep 2; Email Address: sarkar@csee.usf.edu Tsap, Leonid V. 3; Email Address: tsapl@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.  2: Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.  3: Electronics Engineering Department, University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550-9234 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p1325; Subject Term: BURNS & scalds; Subject Term: SCARS; Subject Term: PATIENTS; Subject Term: PHYSICIANS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621111 Offices of Physicians (except Mental Health Specialists); NAICS/Industry Codes: 621110 Offices of physicians; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TMI.2004.834625
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14724904&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J.-P. Walder
AU  - G. Chao
AU  - Genat, J.-F.
AU  - Karcher, A.
AU  - Krieger, B.
AU  - Kurz, S.
AU  - Steckert, J.
AU  - Der Lippe, H. Von
T1  - A Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range M.ultigain Signal Processor for the SNAP CCD.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1936
EP  - 1941
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A four-channel custom chip designed for reading out the CCDs of the proposed SNAP satellite visible Imager is presented. Each channel consists of a single-ended to differential converter followed by a correlated double sampler and a novel multi-slope integrator. The output signal is differentially brought out of the chip by an output buffer This circuit is designed to operate at room temperature for test purpose and at 140 K which will be the operating temperature The readout speed is 101 kHz. The 16-bit dynamic range Is covered using 3 pins each with a 124K signal to noise ratio. The prototype chip,  implemented in a 0.25 μm CMOS technology, has measured readout noise of 7 μV rms at 100 kHz readout, speed, a measured nonlinearity of  plusmn;0.0025% and a power consumption of 6.5 mW, with a 3.3 V supply voltage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Technology
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - Artificial satellites
KW  - Signal processing
KW  - Prototypes
N1  - Accession Number: 16259942; J.-P. Walder 1; Email Address: jpwalder@lbl.gov; G. Chao 1; Genat, J.-F. 2; Karcher, A. 1; Krieger, B. 1; Kurz, S. 1; Steckert, J. 1; Der Lippe, H. Von 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720 USA; 2: Laboratoire Physique Nucleaire Haute Energies (LPNHE) Paris VI, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1936; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: Artificial satellites; Subject Term: Signal processing; Subject Term: Prototypes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834717
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krieger, B.
AU  - Alfonsi, S.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Centro, S.
AU  - Christofek, L.
AU  - Garcia-Sciveres, M.
AU  - Haber, C.
AU  - Hanagaki, K.
AU  - Hoff, J.
AU  - Johnson, M.
AU  - Von Der Lippe, H.
AU  - Lujan, P.
AU  - Mandelli, E.
AU  - Meng, G.
AU  - Noerotski, A.
AU  - Pellet, D.
AU  - Rapidis, P.
AU  - Utes, M.
AU  - Walder, J. -P.
AU  - Weber, M.
T1  - SVX4: A New Deep-Submicron Readout IC for the Tevatron Collider at Fermilab.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1968
EP  - 1973
SN  - 00189499
AB  - SVX4 is the new silicon strip readout IC designed to meet the increased radiation tolerance requirements for Run IIB at the Tevatron collider. Devices have been fabricated, tested, and approved for production. The SVX4 design is a technology migration of the SVX3D design currently in used by CDF. Whereas  SVC3D was fabricated in a 0.8-μm radiation-hard process, SVC4 was fabricated in a standard 0.25-μm mixed-signal CMOS technology using the "radiation tolerant by design" transistor topologles devised by the CERN RD49 collaboration. The specific cell layouts include digital cells developed by the ATLAS Pixel group, and full-custom analog blocks. Unlike its predecessors, the new design also includes the necessary features required for generic use by both the CDF and D0 experiments at Fermillab. Performance of the IC includes > 20 MRad total dose tolerance, and ∼2000 e-rms equivalent input noise charge with 40-pF input capacitance, when sampled at 132-ns period with an 80-ns preamp risetime. At the nominal digitize/readout rate of 106/53 MHz, the 9 mm × 6.3 mm die dissipates ∼2 mW/channel average at 2.5 V. A review of typical operation, details of the design conversion process, and performance measurements are covered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Colliders (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Particle accelerators
KW  - Topology
KW  - Electric capacity
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 16259947; Krieger, B. 1; Alfonsi, S. 2,3; Bacchetta, N. 3; Centro, S. 2,3; Christofek, L. 4; Garcia-Sciveres, M. 1; Haber, C. 1; Hanagaki, K. 5; Hoff, J. 5; Johnson, M. 5; Von Der Lippe, H. 1; Lujan, P. 1; Mandelli, E. 1; Meng, G. 2,3; Noerotski, A. 5; Pellet, D. 6; Rapidis, P. 5; Utes, M. 5; Walder, J. -P. 1; Weber, M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 2: University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; 3: INFN-Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; 4: University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.; 5: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 6: University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1968; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Colliders (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Particle accelerators; Subject Term: Topology; Subject Term: Electric capacity; Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors ; Company/Entity: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259947&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pratte, J.-F.
AU  - Robert, S.
AU  - De Geronimo, G.
AU  - O'Connor, P.
AU  - Stoll, S.
AU  - Pepin, C. M.
AU  - Fontaine, R.
AU  - Lecomte, R.
T1  - Design and Performance of 0.18-μm CMOS Charge Preamplifiers for APD-Based PET Scanners.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1979
EP  - 1985
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The CMOS 0.18-μm technology was investigated for two analog front-end projects: the low-power budget rat-head mounted miniature rat conscious animal PET (RatCAP) scanner, and the high-performance, low-noise, high-rate PET/CT application. The first VLSI prototypes consist d of 1- and 5-mW charge sensitive preamplifiers (CSP) based on a modified e telescopic architecture. Characterization of the rise time, linearity dynamic range, equivalent noise charge (ENC), timing resolution and energy resolution are reported and discussed. When connected to an APD-LSO detector, time resolutions of 2.49 and 1.56 us full-width half-maximum (FWHM) were achieved by the 1- and S-mW CSPS, respectively. Both CSPs make it possible to achieve performance characteristics that are adequate for PET imaging. Experimental results indicate that the CMOS 0.18-μm technology is suitable for both the low-power and the high-performance PET front-end applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Scanning systems
KW  - PET (Computer)
KW  - Digital electronics
KW  - Analog computers
KW  - Electronic amplifiers
N1  - Accession Number: 16259949; Pratte, J.-F. 1; Email Address: jfpratte@bnk.gov; Robert, S. 2; De Geronimo, G. 1; O'Connor, P. 1; Stoll, S. 1; Pepin, C. M. 2; Fontaine, R. 2; Lecomte, R. 2; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA; 2: Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R2, Canada; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p1979; Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Scanning systems; Subject Term: PET (Computer); Subject Term: Digital electronics; Subject Term: Analog computers; Subject Term: Electronic amplifiers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836120
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259949&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hagmann, Chris
AU  - Bernstein, Adam
T1  - Two-Phase Emission Detector for Measuring Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2151
EP  - 2155
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Coherent scattering is a flavor-blind, high-rate, as yet undetected neutrino interaction predicted by the Standard Model. We propose to use a compact (kg-scale), two-phase (liquid-gas) argon ionization detector to measure coherent neutrino scattering off nuclei. In our approach, neutrino-induced nuclear recoils in the liquid produce a weak ionization signal, which is transported into a gas under the influence of an electric field, amplified via electroluminescence, and detected by phototubes or avalanche diodes. This paper describes the features of the detector, and estimates signal and background rates for a reactor neutrino source. Relatively compact detectors of this type, capable of detecting coherent scattering, offer a new approach to flavor-blind detection of man- made and astronomical neutrinos, and may allow development of compact neutrino detectors capable of nonintrusive real-time monitoring of fissile material in reactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear reactions
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Electromagnetic fields
KW  - Compacting
KW  - Avalanche diodes
KW  - Compressibility
KW  - Engineering instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16259978; Hagmann, Chris 1; Email Address: hagmann1@llnl.gov; Bernstein, Adam 1; Email Address: bernstein3@illnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2151; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear reactions; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Electromagnetic fields; Subject Term: Compacting; Subject Term: Avalanche diodes; Subject Term: Compressibility; Subject Term: Engineering instruments; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259978&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thrqueti, M.
AU  - Cihangir, S.
AU  - Kwan, S.
AU  - Appel, J. A.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Christian, D. C.
AU  - Hall, B. K.
AU  - Zimmermann, S.
T1  - Study of Temperature Dependence of Bump Bonding for the BTeV Pixel Detector.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2161
EP  - 2167
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The pixel detector proposed for the BTeV experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron will use bump-bonding technology based on either Indium or Pb/Sn solder to connect the front-end readout chips to the silicon pixel sensors. We have studied the behavior of the bumps by visual inspection of the bumps bonding silicon sensor modules to dummy chips made out of glass. The studies were done before and after thermal cycles, exposure to intense irradiation, and with the assemblies glued to a graphite substrate. We have also carried out studies on effects of temperature changes on both types of bump bonds by observing the responses of single-chip pixel detectors to a 90Sr source. We report the results from these studies as well as the noise and threshold behavior of the pixel readout at various temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Native element minerals
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Sealing (Technology)
KW  - Engineering instruments
KW  - Solder & soldering
N1  - Accession Number: 16259980; Thrqueti, M. 1; Email Address: turqueti@fnal.gov; Cihangir, S. 1; Kwan, S. 1; Appel, J. A. 1; Cardoso, G. 1; Christian, D. C. 1; Hall, B. K. 1; Zimmermann, S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2161; Thesaurus Term: Native element minerals; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Sealing (Technology); Subject Term: Engineering instruments; Subject Term: Solder & soldering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834709
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259980&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Andresen, J.
AU  - Appel, J. A.
AU  - Christian, D. C.
AU  - Hall, B. K.
AU  - Kwan, S. W.
AU  - Turqueti, M. A.
AU  - Zimmermann, S.
T1  - Pixel Multichip Module Design for a High Energy Physics Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2168
EP  - 2173
SN  - 00189499
AB  - At Fermilab, a pixel detector multichip module is being developed for the BTeV experiment The module Is composed of three layers. The lowest layer is formed by the readout integrated, circuits (ICs). The back of the ICs is in thermal contact with the supporting structure, while the top is flip-chip bump-bonded to the pixel sensor. A low mass flex-circuit Inter connect is glued on the top of this assembly, and the readout IC pads are wire-bounded to the circuit. This paper presents recent results on the development of a multichip module prototype and summarizes Its performance characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electronic circuits
KW  - Particle physics
KW  - Reduced instruction set computers
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Prototypes
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Engineering instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16259981; Cardoso, G. 1; Email Address: cardoso@fnal.gov; Andresen, J. 1; Appel, J. A. 1; Christian, D. C. 1; Hall, B. K. 1; Kwan, S. W. 1; Turqueti, M. A. 1; Zimmermann, S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 2: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2168; Subject Term: Electronic circuits; Subject Term: Particle physics; Subject Term: Reduced instruction set computers; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Prototypes; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Engineering instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836059
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259981&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Andresen, J.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Derylo, G.
AU  - Flaugher, B.
AU  - Franzen, J.
AU  - Lu, R.-S.
AU  - Pavlicek, V.
AU  - Zimmermann, S.
T1  - Polyimide and BeO Mini Port Card Performance Comparison for CDF Run IIb.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2174
EP  - 2180
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The new silicon detector design for CDF riles on advanced packaging solutions in order to attain the strict small size and low mass requirements dictated by the experiment's physics program. The silicon strip detector at CDF is composed of over laying silicon sensors in the form of a barrel around the colliding beam. The electronic instrumentation (sensors, readout, and transceiver chips) is assembled into the staves of this barrel. In this paper we describe the development of the mini port card (MPC). The MPC Is located at one of the ends of the stave, and it is responsible for signal translation and repetition from the readout chips to and from the data acquisition system (DAQ). The MPC's development has taken two approaches that use different technologies. One of the approaches uses BeO as the board substrate (BeO-MPC), while the other approach uses a hybrid rigid-flexible polylmide substrate (Poly-MPC). We present test results of pre-production parts, each one assembled with a different MPC packaging technology. Complete thermal and electrical characterization of the MPC is shown, and the advantages and disadvantages of both. technologies, as well as their Influence in the overall system performance, are presented [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Silicon diodes
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Radio transmitter-receivers
KW  - Packaging
KW  - Inertia (Mechanics)
KW  - Mass (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16259982; Cardoso, G. 1; Email Address: cardoso@fnal.gov; Andresen, J. 1; Aoki, M. 2; Bacchetta, N. 3; Behari, S. 4; Derylo, G. 1; Flaugher, B. 1; Franzen, J. 1; Lu, R.-S. 5; Pavlicek, V. 1; Zimmermann, S. 6; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 2: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan; 3: Universita' di Padova and INFN-Padova, Padova 35131, Italy; 4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA; 5: Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, R.O.C.; 6: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2174; Subject Term: Silicon diodes; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Radio transmitter-receivers; Subject Term: Packaging; Subject Term: Inertia (Mechanics); Subject Term: Mass (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541420 Industrial Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561910 Packaging and Labeling Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259982&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klyukhin, V. I.
AU  - Campi, D.
AU  - Curé, B.
AU  - Gaddi, A.
AU  - Gerwig, H.
AU  - Grillet, J. P.
AU  - Hervé, A.
AU  - Loveless, R.
AU  - Smith, R. P.
T1  - Developing the Technique of Measurements of Magnetic Field in the CMS Steel Yoke Elements With Flux-Loops and Hall Probes.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2187
EP  - 2192
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Compact muon solenoid (CMS) is a general-purpose detector designed to run at the highest luminosity at the CERN large hadron coffider (LHC). Its distinctive features include a 4 T superconducting solenoid with 6 m diameter by 12.5 m long free bore, enclosed inside a 10000-ton return yoke made of construction steel. Accurate characterization of the magnetic field every- where in the CMS detector, including the large ferromagnetic parts of the yoke, is required. To measure the field in and around ferromagnetic parts, a set of flux-loops and Hall probe sensors will be installed on several of the steel pieces. Fast discharges of the solenoid during system commissioning tests will be used to induce voltages in the flux-loops that can be integrated to measure the flux in the steel at full excitation of the solenoid. The Hall sensors will give supplementary information on the axial magnetic field and permit estimation of the permanent field in the steel after the fast discharge. An experimental R&D program has been undertaken, using a test flux-loop, two Hall sensors, and sample disks made from the same construction steel used for the CMS magnet yoke. A sample disc, assembled with the test flux-loop and the Hall sensors, was inserted between the pole tips of a dipole electromagnet equipped with a computer-controlled power supply to measure the excitation of the steel from full saturation to zero field. The results of the measurements are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Magnetic fields
KW  - Power resources
KW  - Steel
KW  - Electronics -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Engineering instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16259984; Klyukhin, V. I. 1,2; Email Address: Vyacheslav.Klyukhin@cern.ch; Campi, D. 2; Curé, B. 2; Gaddi, A. 2; Gerwig, H. 2; Grillet, J. P. 2; Hervé, A. 2; Loveless, R. 3; Smith, R. P. 4; Email Address: rpsmith@fnal.gov; Affiliations: 1: Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, RU- 119992, Russia; 2: CERN, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland; 3: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA; 4: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, 1L 6051040-500 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2187; Thesaurus Term: Magnetic fields; Thesaurus Term: Power resources; Subject Term: Steel; Subject Term: Electronics -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Engineering instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834722
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259984&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramberg, Erik
AU  - Cooper, Peter
AU  - Tschirhart, Robert
T1  - A Photon Veto Detector for the CKM Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2201
EP  - 2204
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Fermilab experiment E921, or Charged Kaons at the Main Injector (CKM), will measure the branching ratio of the ultrarare kaon decay: K+ → π+ .γ To do this, CKM will need to reject the far more copious decay K+  → π+πo → π+ γby a factor of more than 10 billion. Much of this rejection will come from the detection of either or both of the photons by our photon veto system. The main CKM photon veto system is based on 80-layer sandwiches of 1-mm Pb and 5-mm fast scintillator with wavelength shifting fibers inside a vacuum decay volume, read out with photomultipiler tubes outside the vacuum. We describe the design of the CKM photon veto system and the testing of a prototype in an electron beam at Jefferson National Laboratory, demon- strafing an order of magnitude better performance than the required 3 × 10-5 inefficiency for a 1 GeV electromagnetic shower [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photon detectors
KW  - Kaons
KW  - Photons
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Vacuum
KW  - Electron beams
N1  - Accession Number: 16259987; Ramberg, Erik 1; Cooper, Peter 1; Tschirhart, Robert 1; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois, 60510 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2201; Subject Term: Photon detectors; Subject Term: Kaons; Subject Term: Photons; Subject Term: Fibers; Subject Term: Vacuum; Subject Term: Electron beams; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836738
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Binkley, M.
AU  - Mukherjee, A.
AU  - Stuermer, W.
AU  - Wagner, R. L.
T1  - High-Voltage Crowbar Protection for the Large CDF Axial Drift Chamber.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2205
EP  - 2208
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The central outer tracker (COT) is a big cylindrical drift chamber that provides charged particle tracking for the collider detector at Fermilab experiment. To protect the COT, the large stored energy in the high-voltage (HV) system needs to be removed quickly when a problem is sensed. For the HIT switch, a special-order sllicon-controlled-rectifier was chosen over more readily available Integrated gate bipolar transistors because of layout and reliability questions. The considerations concerning the HIV switch, the prototype performance, and the experience of more than two years of running are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear track detectors
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Bipolar transistors
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Prototypes
KW  - Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 16259988; Binkley, M. 1; Email Address: binkley@fnal.gov; Mukherjee, A. 1; Email Address: mukherjee@fnal.gov; Stuermer, W. 1; Email Address: stuermer@fnal.gov; Wagner, R. L. 1; Email Address: wagner@fnal.gov; Affiliations: 1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2205; Subject Term: Nuclear track detectors; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Bipolar transistors; Subject Term: Semiconductors; Subject Term: Prototypes ; Company/Entity: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835558
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259988&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, R.-S.
AU  - Akimoto, T.
AU  - Aoki, M.
AU  - Hara, K.
AU  - Kim, S.
AU  - Azzi, P.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Manea, C.
AU  - Merkel, P.
AU  - Pantano, D.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Pursley, J.
AU  - Maksimovic, P.
AU  - Schuyler, B.
AU  - Nord, B.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
T1  - CDF Run IIb Silicon: Design am! Testing.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2209
EP  - 2214
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The various generations of Silicon Vertex Detectors (SVX, SVX', SVXII) for Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) at the Fermilab Tevatron have been fundamental tools for heavy-flavor tagging via secondary vertex detection. The CDF Run llb Silicon Vertex Detector (SVXIIb) has been designed to be a radiation-tolerant replacement for the currently installed SVXII because SVXII was not expected to survive the Tevatron luminosity anticipated for Run IIb. One major change in the new design is the use of a single mechanical and electrical element throughout the array. This element called a stave, carries six single-sided silicon sensors on each side and is built using carbon fiber skins with a high thermal conductivity on a foam core with a built-In cooling channel. A. Kapton bus cable carries power, data and control signals underneath the silicon sensors on each side of the stave. Sensors are read out in pairs via a ceramic hybrid glued on one of the sensors and equipped with four SVX4 readout chips. This new design concept leads to a very compact mechanical and electrical unit, allowing streamlined production and ease of testing and installation. A description of the design and mechanical performance of the stave is given. Results on the electrical performance obtained using prototype staves are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Vertex detectors
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Nuclear counters
KW  - Engineering instruments
KW  - Radioactivity -- Instruments
KW  - Prototypes
N1  - Accession Number: 16259989; Lu, R.-S. 1; Email Address: rslu@fnal.gov; Akimoto, T. 2; Aoki, M. 2; Hara, K. 2; Kim, S. 2; Azzi, P. 3; Bacchetta, N. 3; Bisello, D. 3; Busetto, G. 3; Cabrera, S. 3; Manea, C. 3; Merkel, P. 3,4,5,6; Pantano, D. 3; Wang, Z. 3; Behari, S. 7; Pursley, J. 7; Maksimovic, P. 7; Schuyler, B. 7; Nord, B. 7; Benjamin, D. 8; Affiliations: 1: Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 2: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.; 3: Universita' di Padova and INF-Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy.; 4: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 5: Universita' di Padova and INF-Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; 6: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 7: The Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 8: Duke University; Durham, NC 27708 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2209; Subject Term: Vertex detectors; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Nuclear counters; Subject Term: Engineering instruments; Subject Term: Radioactivity -- Instruments; Subject Term: Prototypes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835715
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259989&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Merkel, P.
AU  - Azzi, P.
AU  - Bacehetta, N.
AU  - Bisello, D.
AU  - Busetto, G.
AU  - Hara, K.
AU  - Kim, S.
AU  - Manea, C.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Maksimovic, P.
AU  - Benjamin, D.
AU  - Cabrera, S.
AU  - Kruse, M.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Bortoletto, D.
AU  - Canepa, A.
AU  - Fernandez, J.P.
AU  - Booth, P.
AU  - Cooke, P.
T1  - CDF Run IIb Silicon Detector: The Innermost Layer.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2215
EP  - 22219
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The innermost layer (L00) of the Run IIa silocon detector of CDF was planned to be replaced for the high luminosity Tevatron upgrade of Run fib. This new silicon layer (IA)) Is des signed to be a radiation tolerant replacement for the otherwise very similar L00 from Run Ha. The data are read out via long, fine-pitch, low-mass cables allowing the hybrids with the chips to sit at higher z(∼ 70 cm), outside of the tracking volume. The design and first results from the prototyping phase are presented. Special focus is placed on the amount and the structure of induced noise as well as signal-to-noise values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Cables
KW  - Noise
KW  - Engineering instruments
KW  - Prototypes
N1  - Accession Number: 16259990; Merkel, P. 1,2; Azzi, P. 3; Bacehetta, N. 3; Bisello, D. 3; Busetto, G. 3; Hara, K. 3; Kim, S. 3; Manea, C. 3; Wang, Z. 3; Behari, S. 4; Maksimovic, P. 4; Benjamin, D. 5; Cabrera, S. 5; Kruse, M. 5; Bolla, G. 6; Bortoletto, D. 6; Canepa, A. 6; Fernandez, J.P. 6; Booth, P. 7; Cooke, P. 7; Affiliations: 1: Universita' di Padova and INP-Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy.; 2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA; 3: Universita di Padova and INFN, Padova, Italy.; 4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 5: Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; 6: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; 7: University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, U.K.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2215; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Cables; Subject Term: Noise; Subject Term: Engineering instruments; Subject Term: Prototypes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332619 Other fabricated wire product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332618 Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835876
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259990&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karcher, Armin
AU  - Bebek, Christopher J.
AU  - Kolbe, William F.
AU  - Maurath, Dominic
AU  - Prasad, Valmiki
AU  - Uslenghi, Michela
AU  - Wagner, Martin
T1  - Measurement of Lateral Charge Diffusion in Thick, Fully Depleted, Back-Illuminated CCDs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2231
EP  - 2237
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Lateral charge diffusion in back-illuminated CCDs directly affects the point spread function (PSF) and spatial resolution of an imaging device. This can be of particular concern in thick, back-illuminated CCDs. We describe a technique of measuring this diffusion and present PSF measurements for an 800 × 1100, 15 μm pixel, 280 μm thick, back-illuminated, p-channel CCD that can be over-depleted. The PSF is measured over a wavelength range of 450 nm to 650 nm and at substrate bias voltages between 6 V and 80 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - Power resources
KW  - Charge coupled devices
KW  - Electric charge & distribution
KW  - Signal processing
KW  - Integrated circuits
N1  - Accession Number: 16259993; Karcher, Armin 1; Bebek, Christopher J. 1; Email Address: cjebek@lbl.gov; Kolbe, William F. 1; Maurath, Dominic 2; Prasad, Valmiki 1; Uslenghi, Michela 3; Wagner, Martin 2; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 2: Department of Sensorsystem Technology, Fachhochshule Karlsruhe, Hochschule für Technik, 76012 Karlsruhe, Germany; 3: Instituto di Fisica Cosmica, 1-20133 Milano, Italy; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2231; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion; Thesaurus Term: Power resources; Subject Term: Charge coupled devices; Subject Term: Electric charge & distribution; Subject Term: Signal processing; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834721
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259993&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ziock, Klaus P.
AU  - Craig, William W.
AU  - Fabris, Lorenzo
AU  - Lanza, Richard C.
AU  - Gallagher, Shawn
AU  - Horn, Berthold K. P.
AU  - Madden, Norm W.
T1  - Large Area Imaging Detector for Long-Range, Passive Detection of Fissile Material.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2238
EP  - 2244
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Recent events highlight the increased risk of a terrorist attack using either a nuclear or a radiological weapon. One of the key needs to counter such a threat is long-range detection of nuclear material. Theoretically, gamma-ray emissions from such material should allow passive detection to distances greater than 100 m. However, detection at this range has long been thought impractical due to spatially fluctuating levels of natural background radiation. These fluctuations are the major source of uncertainty in detection and mean that sensitivity cannot be increased simply by increasing detector size. Recent work, has shown that this problem can be overcome through the use of Imaging techniques. In this paper we describe the background problems, the advantages of Imaging and, the construction of a prototype, large-area (0.57 m2) gamma-ray Imager to detect nuclear materials at distances of ∼ 100 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nuclear weapons
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Nuclear chemistry
KW  - Radiology
KW  - Prototypes
KW  - Detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 16259994; Ziock, Klaus P. 1; Email Address: ziock1@llnl.gov; Craig, William W. 1; Fabris, Lorenzo 1; Lanza, Richard C. 2; Gallagher, Shawn 2; Horn, Berthold K. P. 2; Email Address: bkph@ai.mit.edu; Madden, Norm W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; 2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2238; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear weapons; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear chemistry; Subject Term: Radiology; Subject Term: Prototypes; Subject Term: Detectors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836117
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16259994&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephens Jr., Daniel L.
AU  - Peurrung, Anthony J.
T1  - Detection of Moving Radioactive Sources Using Sensor Networks.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2273
EP  - 2278
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A variety of recent applications have led to a great interest in the development and application of sensor networks with the goal of providing more effective detection of moving radioactive sources. This paper endeavors to analyze and evaluate the costs and benefits associated with the use of a network of radiation detection for applications involving the detection of a moving radioactive source. This analysis is restricted to the one-dimensional case, i.e., to the case where the moving source is constrained to move along a single path. It is found that the relative advantage resulting from sensor dispersal depends upon the goals, objectives, and constraints of the measurement scenario. The dispersal of sensors into a network may be advisable or required for operational reasons, but from a statistical perspective does not directly lead to improved performance in terms of detection efficiency and false detection rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioactive source strength
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Low-level radiation
KW  - Sensor networks
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Engineering instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 16260000; Stephens Jr., Daniel L. 1; Email Address: daniel.stephens@pnl.gov; Peurrung, Anthony J. 1; Email Address: aj.peurrung@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2273; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive source strength; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Thesaurus Term: Low-level radiation; Subject Term: Sensor networks; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Engineering instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834713
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16260000&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wei  Chen
AU  - Gatti, Emilio
AU  - Rehak, Pavel
T1  - P-Type One-Sided Hexagonal Spiral Drift Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2306
EP  - 2312
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new P-type drift detector (PDD) with one-sided hexagonal spiral shaped cathodes around the center anode has been designed, simulated, constructed and tested. The signal in PDD is generated by the transport of holes (instead of electrons as in an n-type drift detector) in the bulk of the detector and their arrival to the anode. Large arrays of drift cells are required for the extended X-ray absorption fine structure experiments (EXAFS). The large number of cells forces the design of the drift cell with a minimal number of bonds per cell. The presented design creates the drift field by the spiral-based voltage divider. Moreover, the Leakage current created at the depleted part of the detector surface is also collected without an external connection to the cell. The leakage current is collected directly on the inner terminal of the divider. The lithographic processes of the wafer are done only on one side resulting in a much faster fabrication. The lithography-less side of the detector was uniformly implanted with phosphorus creating a shallow, rectifying p-n+ junction. This side is exposed to the radiation. Positive charges in the native oxide help to keep the thickness of the dead entrance layer at the minimum. Moreover, this layer is not sensitive to the radiation damage caused by very low energy X-rays that do not damage the silicon structure and produce only additional positive charge in the oxide. For the first time, the design makes an active usage of the positive charge in the oxide as a rectifying junction on p-type silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Cathodes
KW  - Lithography
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 16260007; Wei  Chen 1; Email Address: weichen@bnl.gov; Gatti, Emilio 2; Email Address: gatti@elet.polimi.it; Rehak, Pavel 1; Email Address: rehak@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA; 2: Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2306; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Cathodes; Subject Term: Lithography; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: Silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.834711
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16260007&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kleinfelder, Stuart
AU  - Bieser, Fred
AU  - Yandong Chen
AU  - Gareus, Robin
AU  - Matis, Howard S.
AU  - Oldenburg, Markus
AU  - Retiere, Fabrice
AU  - Ritter, Hans Georg
AU  - Wieman, Howard H.
AU  - Yamamoto, Eugene
T1  - Novel Integrated CMOS Sensor Circuits.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2328
EP  - 2336
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Three novel integrated CMOS active pixel sensor circuits for vertex detector applications have been designed with the goal of increased signal-to-noise ratio and speed. First, a large-area native epitaxial silicon photogate sensor was designed to increase the charge collected per hit pixel and to reduce charge diffusion to neighboring pixels. High charge to voltage conversion is maintained by subsequent charge transfer to a low capacitance readout node. Second, a per-pixel correlated double sampling kT/C reset noise reduction circuit was tested. It requires only one read, as compared to two for typical double sampling in active pixel sensors, and no off-pixel storage or subtraction is needed, The technique reduced input-referred temporal noise by a factor of 2.5 to a measured 15.6 e-, rms. Finally, a column-level active reset technique was designed that suppresses kT/C reset noise. It reduced noise by up to a factor of 7.6, to an estimated 8.3 input-referred electrons, rms. The technique also dramatically reduces fixed pattern (pedestal) noise, by up to a factor of 21. This may reduce pixel-by-pixel pedestal differences enough to permit sparse data scan without per-pixel offset corrections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Semiconductor doping
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Signal-to-noise ratio
KW  - Ion exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Charge transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 16260010; Kleinfelder, Stuart 1; Email Address: stuartk@uci.edu; Bieser, Fred 2; Yandong Chen 1; Gareus, Robin 2; Matis, Howard S. 2; Oldenburg, Markus 2; Retiere, Fabrice 2; Ritter, Hans Georg 2; Wieman, Howard H. 2; Yamamoto, Eugene 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 92720 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2328; Thesaurus Term: Semiconductor doping; Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Signal-to-noise ratio; Subject Term: Ion exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: Charge transfer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836150
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16260010&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bussat, J.-M.
AU  - Fadley, C. S.
AU  - Ludewigt, B. A.
AU  - Meddeler, G. J.
AU  - Nambu, A.
AU  - Press, M.
AU  - Spieler, H.
AU  - B. Turko
AU  - West, M.
AU  - Zizka, G. J.
T1  - A Next Generation, High Speed Detector for Synchrotron Radiation Research.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2341
EP  - 2346
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A high-speed, one-dimensional detector array for electrons and UV/X-ray photons has been developed. The detector is capable of handling the high countrates encountered in at third generation synchrotron radiation sources and is free from nonlinearity problems present in charge coupled device (CCD) detectors. Electrons are counted by a configuration of microchannel plates, an array of charge collection electrodes, and custom-designed integrated circuits (IC) assembled on a ceramic hybrid. The charges are collected on 768 strips with a 48 μm pitch that are wire-bonded to 6 pairs of signal processing ICs. Each front-end IC has 128 channels of amplifiers (peaking time 25 ns) and discriminators. The pulse-pair resolution is 50 ns leading to a maximum linear countrate/channel of 2 MHz. The second, custom-designed IC features 24-b buffered counters and a serial link for the transfer of commands and data. A possible deadtime-less readout of all channels in 150 μs opens the door to time resolved experiments. The complete detector system includes the high-voltage power supply, a field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based data acquisition system, and supporting software. Special care has been taken to insure reliable operation in an ultra-high vacuum environment. The detector architecture and design is described and measured performance characteristics such as spatial resolution and count-rate linearity are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Photons
KW  - Charge coupled devices
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Electrodes
KW  - Electronic amplifiers
N1  - Accession Number: 16260012; Bussat, J.-M. 1; Email Address: JMBussat@Ibl.gov; Fadley, C. S. 2,3; Email Address: fadley@physics.ucdavis.edu; Ludewigt, B. A. 1; Meddeler, G. J. 1; Nambu, A. 4; Press, M. 1; Spieler, H. 5; B. Turko 1; West, M. 1; Zizka, G. J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Engineering Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: Material Science Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 3: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; 4: Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan.; 5: Physics Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2341; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Photons; Subject Term: Charge coupled devices; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Electrodes; Subject Term: Electronic amplifiers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835706
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16260012&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Yuan
AU  - Anderson, John
AU  - Angstadt, Robert
AU  - Babukhadia, Levan
AU  - Bhattacharjee, Mrinmoy
AU  - Biazey, Gerald
AU  - Borcherding, Fred
AU  - Connolly, Brian
AU  - Cooke, Michael
AU  - Desai, Satish
AU  - Evans, David
AU  - Grannis, Paul
AU  - Grünendahl, Stefan
AU  - Hensel, Carsten
AU  - Jain, Vivek
AU  - Johnson, Marvin
AU  - Kopal, Miroslav
AU  - Linn, Stephan
AU  - Lizarazo, Juan
AU  - Maravin, Yurii
T1  - The Central Track Trigger of the DØ Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2368
EP  - 2372
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The general purpose Dø collider detector, located at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, is operated In the high luminosity (L = 2 × 1032 cm-2 s-1) and high-collision-rate environment (396 ns between beam crossings) of the upgraded Tevatron proton anti-proton accelerator. Dø uses a three-tiered trigger system to select events for offline storage and analysis. This paper describes the architecture and performance of the Dø central track trigger (CTT) system based on the new central fiber tracker, central preshower and forward preshower detectors, with emphasis on the interface to and integration with the second tier L2 Trigger system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Engineering instruments
KW  - Physics instruments
KW  - Detection alarms
KW  - Security systems
KW  - Random access memory
N1  - Accession Number: 16260017; Hu, Yuan 1; Email Address: huy@fnal.gov; Anderson, John 2; Angstadt, Robert 2; Babukhadia, Levan 1; Bhattacharjee, Mrinmoy 1; Biazey, Gerald 3; Borcherding, Fred 2; Connolly, Brian 4; Cooke, Michael 5; Desai, Satish 1; Evans, David 6; Grannis, Paul 1; Grünendahl, Stefan 2; Hensel, Carsten 7; Jain, Vivek 8; Johnson, Marvin 2; Kopal, Miroslav 9; Linn, Stephan 4; Lizarazo, Juan 10; Maravin, Yurii 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA; 2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510-0500 USA.; 3: NICADD/NIU, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA.; 4: Physics Department, Honda State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.; 5: TW Bonner Nuclear Lab, Rice University, Houston, TX 17251-1892 USA.; 6: Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashier LA1 4Th, U.K.; 7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.; 8: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 9: Department of Physics, Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; 10: Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Los Andes, Apartado Aereo 4976, Bogota, Colombia.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2368; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Engineering instruments; Subject Term: Physics instruments; Subject Term: Detection alarms; Subject Term: Security systems; Subject Term: Random access memory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836090
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16260017&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Marvin
T1  - Trigger Processor Algorithm for a Tracking Detector in a Solenoidal Magnetic Field.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2373
EP  - 2378
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper describes a method of calculating triggers for a cylindrical multilayer tracking detector in a solenoidal magnetic field. The method is serial and requires one dock cycle per layer. It has two main advantages over a logical equation approach. First, missing track elements have no effect on the amount of calculation required and the resolution degrades in a predictable manner. Second, this method allows implementing information from the third (nonbend) coordinate as a simple extension to the basic algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - HYDRAULIC structures
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALGEBRA
N1  - Accession Number: 16260018; Johnson, Marvin 1; Email Address: mjohnson@thal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, 1L 60510 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2373; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC structures; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16260018&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alexopoulos, T.
AU  - Avramidou, R.
AU  - Bratzler, U.
AU  - Dris, M.
AU  - Fassouliotis, D.
AU  - Filippas, A.
AU  - N.# Gazis, E.
AU  - Katsoufis, E.
AU  - Kokkoris, M.
AU  - Kossionidis, E.
AU  - Maltezos, S.
AU  - Perdikakis, G.
AU  - Polychronakos, V.
AU  - Savva, P. S.
AU  - Stavropoulos, G.
AU  - Tsipolitis, G.
AU  - Tzamarioudaki, E.
T1  - Measurement of the Monitored Drift Tubes Response to Energetic Neutrons.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2448
EP  - 2452
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We have measured the response of an array of ATLAS muon spectrometer drift tubes to fast neutrons, produced by a t(d,n)4 He reaction at the 5,5-MV TANDEM Van de Graaff accelerator of the National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos." The setup consisted of 24 drift tubes in a 6 × 4 arrangement. The neutron energy was 18.3 MeV. The anode wire voltage varied from 2200 to 2800 V. For a neutron flux of about 2.75 kHz/cm2, the drift tube sensitivity to 18.3-MeV neutrons ranged from 0.031% to 0.606% for anode voltages between 2200 and 2800 V, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Neutrons
KW  - Spectrum analysis -- Instruments
KW  - Spectrometers
KW  - Voltage regulators
KW  - Tubes
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16260030; Alexopoulos, T. 1; Avramidou, R. 1; Bratzler, U. 1; Dris, M. 1; Fassouliotis, D. 2; Filippas, A. 1; N.# Gazis, E. 1; Katsoufis, E. 1; Kokkoris, M. 1; Kossionidis, E. 3; Maltezos, S. 1; Perdikakis, G. 3; Polychronakos, V. 4; Savva, P. S.; Email Address: savvapan@central.ntua.gr; Stavropoulos, G. 5; Tsipolitis, G. 1; Tzamarioudaki, E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, GR-15780 Athens, Greece; 2: Physics Department, University of Athens, GR-15771 Athens, Greece; 3: Nuclear Physics Department, NCSR "Demokritos," Aghia.Paraskevi, Athens,Greece; 4: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 5: Physics Division, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2448; Subject Term: Neutrons; Subject Term: Spectrum analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: Spectrometers; Subject Term: Voltage regulators; Subject Term: Tubes; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16260030&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rehak, Pavel
T1  - Silicon Radiation Detectors.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2492
EP  - 2497
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The rapid progress of the past 20 years in silicon radiation detectors is reviewed. The availability of silicon as an almost ideal semiconductor material is one of the main reasons for this progress. The well-defined properties of the silicon-silicon dioxide interface allowed the development of detector structures beyond the structure of a classical diode detector, which was practically the only silicon detector structure 20 years ago. All new structures make use of an electric field parallel to the large surface of the detector. Improvements in the production of silicon detectors has lead to a substantial decrease of the detector leakage current. These detectors can achieve their best performance very close to or at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Silicon diodes
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Diodes
KW  - Electric fields
KW  - Crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 16260037; Rehak, Pavel 1; Email Address: rehak@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 19730 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2492; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Silicon diodes; Subject Term: Semiconductors; Subject Term: Diodes; Subject Term: Electric fields; Subject Term: Crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.836062
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16260037&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Dickens, James C.
AU  - Lehr, Jane M.
AU  - Mankowski, John
T1  - Guest Editorial Fifth Special Issue on Pulsed Power Science and Technology.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 1763
EP  - 1764
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Presents an introduction to articles, published in the October 2004 issue of the journal "IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science."
KW  - PERIODICALS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 14907307; Dickens, James C. 1 Lehr, Jane M. 2 Mankowski, John 1; Affiliation:  1: Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1042 USA.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1193 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1763; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.837321
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14907307&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reinovsky, Robert E.
AU  - Goforth, James H.
AU  - Graham, Jack
T1  - Surface-Discharge Switches for High-Performance Closing Applications.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1765
EP  - 1777
SN  - 00933813
AB  - Results of experiments conducted to characterize the performance of a surface tracking switch employing surface discharge phenomena as a high-performance, self-closing, isolation switch for high-energy applications are described. These experiments, conducted under both dc and pulsed conditions, lead to a model of switch operation that enables the design of such switches for multi-megampere operation. This paper describes the successful implementation of a surface tracking switch as an operational component in several high-current pulsed power systems, and offers some insight into the operation of surface-tracking switches that may assist in future work to apply the technique as a triggered switch in very-high-energy and high-voltage systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ELECTROSTATICS
KW  - Pulsed power system switches
KW  - surface discharge
KW  - switch
N1  - Accession Number: 14907308; Reinovsky, Robert E. 1; Email Address: bobr@lanl.gov Goforth, James H. 1; Email Address: goforthjh@lanl.gov Graham, Jack; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1765; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ELECTROSTATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulsed power system switches; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface discharge; Author-Supplied Keyword: switch; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835946
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14907308&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodworth, J. R.
AU  - Lehr, J. M.
AU  - Elizondo-Decanini, J.
AU  - Miller, P. A.
AU  - Wakeland, P.
AU  - Kincy, M.
AU  - Garde, J.
AU  - Aragon, B.
AU  - Fowler, W.
AU  - Mowrer, G.
AU  - Maenchen, J. E.
AU  - Sarkisov, G. S.
AU  - Corley, J.
AU  - Hodge, K.
AU  - Drennan, S.
AU  - Guthrie, D.
AU  - Navarro, M.
AU  - Johnson, D. L.
AU  - Ives, H. C.
AU  - Slattery, M. J.
T1  - Optical and Pressure Diagnostics of 4-MV Water Switches in the Z-20 Test Facility.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1778
EP  - 1789
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We are studying the behavior of self-breaking, high-voltage water switches for the Z refurbishment project. In Z-20, three or four water switches in parallel are charged to 4 MV in ∼220 ns. The water gap between switch electrodes is 13-15 cm, and the enhancement of the positive and negative electrodes is varied to study time-evolution of the breakdown arcs, current sharing, and switch simultaneity. In addition to the standard electrical diagnostics (V, I), we are looking at one or more of the switches during the breakdown phase with two optical diagnostics: a streak camera and a fast framing camera. The streak camera has ∼1 -ns resolution, and the framing camera provides seven frames with >5 ns exposure times. For identical electric fields, the streamers originating on the positive electrode form earlier and move more rapidly than the streamers originating on the negative electrode. We observe four distinct phases in the closure of the water switches that depend on the macroscopic electric fields in the water: 1) No streamers propagate at E-fields below ∼ 100  kV/cm from positive electrodes or voltages below ∼ 140 kV/cm for negative electrodes; 2) streamers propagate with constant velocity between 100 and ∼ 300 kV/cm; 3) above 300 kVlcm, the streamer velocities become linearly proportional to the electric field; 4) above 600 kVlcm, the velocity of streamers from the negative electrodes appears to saturate at ∼ 100 cm/ps. The velocity of the streamers from the positive electrode continues to increase with E-field, reaching sim;1% of the speed of light when the switch reaches closure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SWITCHING systems (Telecommunication)
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - CAMERAS
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - Optical diagnostics
KW  - pulsed power
KW  - shock waves
KW  - water switches
N1  - Accession Number: 14907309; Woodworth, J. R. 1 Lehr, J. M. 1 Elizondo-Decanini, J. 1 Miller, P. A. 1 Wakeland, P. 1 Kincy, M. 1 Garde, J. 1 Aragon, B. 1 Fowler, W. 1 Mowrer, G. 1 Maenchen, J. E. 1 Sarkisov, G. S. 2 Corley, J. 2 Hodge, K. 2 Drennan, S. 2 Guthrie, D. 2 Navarro, M. 2 Johnson, D. L. 3 Ives, H. C. 4 Slattery, M. J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1193 USA.  2: Ktech Corporation, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.  3: Titan Pulse Sciences, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.  4: EG&G Technical Services Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87119-9100 USA.  5: Boeing LTS, Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1778; Subject Term: SWITCHING systems (Telecommunication); Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CAMERAS; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Optical diagnostics; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsed power; Author-Supplied Keyword: shock waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: water switches; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443145 Camera and photographic supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414430 Photographic equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423410 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835942
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14907309&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu Zhang
AU  - Sandberg, Jon
AU  - Cutler, Roy
AU  - Hahn, H.
AU  - Lambiase, R.
AU  - Lee, Y. Y.
AU  - Mi, J.
AU  - Nehring, T.
AU  - Pai, C.
AU  - Rust, K.
AU  - Tsoupas, Nicholaos
AU  - Tuozzolo, J.
AU  - Warburton, D.
AU  - Wei, Jie
AU  - Zhang, S. Y.
T1  - Development of the Repetitive Pulsed Power System for Spallation Neutron Source Beam Extraction Fast Kicker.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1945
EP  - 1952
SN  - 00933813
AB  - The spallation neutron source (SNS) is a next generation high-intensity beam facility. The extraction kicker system is a high peak power, high average power, high-precision pulse-wave- form, low beam impedance, and high repetition rate pulsed power system. It has been successfully designed and developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY. The system consists of fourteen extraction magnet sections inside the ring vacuum chamber and fourteen identical high-voltage modulators located in the service building. The design features a Blumlein pulse-forming-network (PFN) based topology, a low beam impedance termination, a fast current switching thyratron, and low inductance capacitor banks. It has a maximum charging voltage of 50 kV, an open circuit output of 100 kV, and a designed maximum pulsed current output of 4 kA per modulator. The overall system output will reach multiple GW peak power with a 60 pulse/s repetition rate. A prototype modulator has been successfully built and tested well above the SNS requirement. The first batch of production modulators have passed all required tests at manufacture facility and delivered to Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, and the rest of the production units are under construction. The technical challenges and development results are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - ELECTRIC power distribution
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - Accelerator power supplies
KW  - particle beam extraction
KW  - proton accelerators
KW  - pulse power systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14907333; Wu Zhang 1; Email Address: arling@bnl.gov Sandberg, Jon 1 Cutler, Roy 2 Hahn, H. 1 Lambiase, R. 1 Lee, Y. Y. 1 Mi, J. 1 Nehring, T. 1 Pai, C. 1 Rust, K. 2 Tsoupas, Nicholaos 1 Tuozzolo, J. 1 Warburton, D. 1 Wei, Jie 1 Zhang, S. Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1945; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power distribution; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator power supplies; Author-Supplied Keyword: particle beam extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: proton accelerators; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulse power systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221122 Electric Power Distribution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835947
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14907333&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lemons, Don S.
AU  - Faehl, Rickey J.
T1  - Asymmetry in Fast Z-Pinches With Thin Liners.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1953
EP  - 1959
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We use a well-known, two-dimensional solution to Laplace's equation for the vector potential between two perfectly conducting, individually axisymmetric but mutually eccentric, current carrying cylinders to model the geometry and time evolution of an asymmetric Z-pinch. Cylinder eccentricity correlates with an azimuthal variation in the axial current, the magnetic field, and the force on the liner. The asymmetric force sums to a net force tending to restore the inner cylinder to concentricity. Complete pinch compression and concentricity are achieved simultaneously when the initial radius of the inner cylinder Ri(0) is about 2/3 the radius of the outer return current cylinder Ro or, equivalently, when the initial liner inductance per unit length is about 0.82 . nil/cm. Compressing the liner onto a finite-sized cylindrical target boosts this critical ratio only up to Ri(0)/Ro &ap; 3/4. Recent and planned liner compression experiments are evaluated according to these criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - GEOMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - Magnetic compression
KW  - Z-pinch
KW  - Z-pinch liner
N1  - Accession Number: 14907334; Lemons, Don S. 1; Email Address: dlemons@lanl.gov Faehl, Rickey J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Bethel College, North Newton, KS 67117 USA.  2: Plasma Physics Group, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1953; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: GEOMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic compression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Z-pinch; Author-Supplied Keyword: Z-pinch liner; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835965
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14907334&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faehl, Rickey J.
AU  - Anderson, B. G.
AU  - Clark, D. A.
AU  - Ekdahl, Carl A.
AU  - Goforth, J. H.
AU  - Lindemuth, Irvin R.
AU  - Reinovsky, Robert E.
AU  - Sheehey, P. T.
AU  - Peterson, T.
AU  - Tabaka, L. J.
AU  - Chernyshev, Vladimir K.
AU  - Mokhov, Vladislav N.
AU  - Buzin, V. N.
AU  - Burenkov, O. M.
AU  - Buyko, A. M.
AU  - Vakhrushev, V. V.
AU  - Garanin, S. E
AU  - Grinevich, B. E.
AU  - Ivanova, G. G.
AU  - Demidov, V. A.
T1  - Results of a 100-Megaampere Liner Implosion Experiment.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1972
EP  - 1985
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A very high-current liner implosion experiment was conducted, using an explosive magnetic-compression generator (EMG) to deliver a peak current of 102 ± 3 MA, to implode a 4.0-mm-thick aluminum liner. Analysis of experimental data showed that the inner surface of the liner had attained a velocity of between 6.8-8.4 km/s, consistent with detailed numerical calculations. Both calculations and data were consistent with a final liner state that was still substantially solid at target impact time and had a total kinetic energy of over 20 MJ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - LIGHT metals
KW  - ALUMINUM silicates
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC bearings
KW  - BEARINGS (Machinery)
KW  - Electromagnetic flux generator
KW  - liners
KW  - MUD calculations
N1  - Accession Number: 14907337; Faehl, Rickey J. 1; Email Address: rjf@lanl.gov Anderson, B. G. 1 Clark, D. A. 1 Ekdahl, Carl A. 1 Goforth, J. H. 1 Lindemuth, Irvin R. 1 Reinovsky, Robert E. 1 Sheehey, P. T. 1 Peterson, T. 1 Tabaka, L. J. 1 Chernyshev, Vladimir K. 2 Mokhov, Vladislav N. 2 Buzin, V. N. 2 Burenkov, O. M. 2 Buyko, A. M. 2 Vakhrushev, V. V. 2 Garanin, S. E 2 Grinevich, B. E. 2 Ivanova, G. G. 2 Demidov, V. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: All-Russia Scientific Institute of Experimental Physics, 607200, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region, Russia.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1972; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: LIGHT metals; Subject Term: ALUMINUM silicates; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC bearings; Subject Term: BEARINGS (Machinery); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic flux generator; Author-Supplied Keyword: liners; Author-Supplied Keyword: MUD calculations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332991 Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835471
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14907337&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, B. V.
AU  - Hinsheiwood, D. D.
AU  - Murphy, D. P.
AU  - Stephanakis, S. J.
AU  - Harper-Slaboszewicz, V.
T1  - Plasma-Filled Diode for High Dose-Rate Bremsstrahlung.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1998
EP  - 2003
SN  - 00933813
AB  - A plasma-filled diode (PFD) technique is described for producing high dose-rate bremsstrahlung over small areas. A PR) was developed for this purpose using the Gamble II generator. For maximum dose-rate conditions, the short-circuit phase duration was 40 ns, after which the voltage increased to 1.8 MV and the total current in the diode was 0.5 MA. The X-ray pulsewidth was 8 ns, much less than the typical 50 ns pulsewidth with a vacuum diode. This PH) was adapted to the higher-current Saturn generator at 6-8 MA by making a 10-cm diameter circular array of 6,9, or 12 isolated PFDs. Higher dose rates were obtained using fewer PFDs; about 1 × 1012 rad/s with the 12-PR) array, 2 × 1012 with nine PFDs and 4 × 1012 with 6 PFDs. Analyses based on electrical and radiation diagnostics indicate that 40%-77% of the electrical current produces radiation at the time of maximum dose rate. The X-ray pulsewidth was typically 13-16 ns, less than the pulsewidth for standard (vacuum) bremsstrahlung diodes on Saturn. This system, with improvements in reproducibility, could provide a high dose-rate, small-area bremsstrahlung capability for high current generators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - RADIOLOGY
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - MEDICAL technology
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - Bremsstrahlung
KW  - dose rate
KW  - plasma-filled diode (PFD)
KW  - pulsed power
N1  - Accession Number: 14907340; Weber, B. V. 1; Email Address: weber@suzie.nrl.navy.mil Hinsheiwood, D. D. 1 Murphy, D. P. 1 Stephanakis, S. J. 2 Harper-Slaboszewicz, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375 USA.  2: Titan Corporation, Reston, VA 20910 USA.  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1998; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: MEDICAL technology; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bremsstrahlung; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: plasma-filled diode (PFD); Author-Supplied Keyword: pulsed power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835945
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14907340&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shkol'nik, Sergey M.
AU  - Struve, Kenneth W.
T1  - Announcing a Special Issue of the IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science On Vacuum Discharge Plasmas (Scheduled for October 2005).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part 1 of 2
VL  - 32
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2068
EP  - 2068
SN  - 00933813
AB  - This article reports that the Permanent International Scientific Committee (PISC) of the International Symposium of Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV) invites contributions to a Special Issue of the "IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science" on the subject of Vacuum Discharge Plasma to appear in the October 2005 edition. The majority of the papers are anticipated to be extended versions of papers given at the XXIst ISDEIV held in Yalta, Ukraine, in September 2004. However, other papers on this topic are also welcome.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - PLASMA spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14907349; Shkol'nik, Sergey M. 1; Email Address: shkolnik@mail.ioffe.ru Struve, Kenneth W. 2; Email Address: kwstruv@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: IOFFE Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) 26 Polytechnicheskaya, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia.  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1194, P. O. Box 5800m Albuquerque, NM 87185-1194, USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part 1 of 2, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p2068; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: PLASMA spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.838584
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14907349&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shendell, D. G.
AU  - Prill, R.
AU  - Fisk, W. J.
AU  - Apte, M. G.
AU  - Blake, D.
AU  - Faulkner, D.
T1  - Associations between classroom CO2 concentrations and student attendance in Washington and Idaho.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 333
EP  - 341
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - Student attendance in American public schools is a critical factor in securing limited operational funding. Student and teacher attendance influence academic performance. Limited data exist on indoor air and environmental quality (IEQ) in schools, and how IEQ affects attendance, health, or performance. This study explored the association of student absence with measures of indoor minus outdoor carbon dioxide concentration (dCO2). Absence and dCO2 data were collected from 409 traditional and 25 portable classrooms from 22 schools located in six school districts in the states of Washington and Idaho. Study classrooms had individual heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, except two classrooms without mechanical ventilation. Classroom attributes, student attendance and school-level ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) were included in multivariate modeling. Forty-five percent of classrooms studied had short-term indoor CO2 concentrations above 1000 p.p.m. A 1000 p.p.m. increase in dCO2 was associated ( P < 0.05) with a 0.5–0.9% decrease in annual average daily attendance (ADA), corresponding to a relative 10–20% increase in student absence. Annual ADA was 2% higher ( P < 0.0001) in traditional than in portable classrooms. This study provides motivation for larger school studies to investigate associations of student attendance, and occupant health and student performance, with longer term indoor minus outdoor CO2 concentrations and more accurately measured ventilation rates. If our findings are confirmed, improving classroom ventilation should be considered a practical means of reducing student absence. Adequate or enhanced ventilation may be achieved, for example, with educational training programs for teachers and facilities staff on ventilation system operation and maintenance. Also, technological interventions such as improved automated control systems could provide continuous ventilation during occupied times, regardless of occupant thermal comfort demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCHOOL attendance
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL quality
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - PUBLIC schools
KW  - IDAHO
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - Attendance
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Children
KW  - Schools
KW  - Ventilation
N1  - Accession Number: 14236424; Shendell, D. G. 1 Prill, R. 2 Fisk, W. J. 1 Apte, M. G. 1 Blake, D. 3 Faulkner, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Indoor Environment Department, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Washington State University Cooperative Extension Energy Program, Spokane, WA, USA  3: Northwest Air Pollution Authority, Mount Vernon, WA, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 14 Issue 5, p333; Subject Term: SCHOOL attendance; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL quality; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: PUBLIC schools; Subject Term: IDAHO; Subject Term: WASHINGTON (State); Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Attendance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Children; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schools; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611110 Elementary and Secondary Schools; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 5 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00251.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zak, Michail
T1  - Dynamical networks for information processing.
JO  - Information Sciences
JF  - Information Sciences
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 165
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 169
SN  - 00200255
AB  - Coupled evolution of state and topology of dynamical networks is introduced. Due to a well organized tensor structure, the governing equations are presented in a canonical form, and required attractors as well as their basins can be easily placed and controlled. This new class of dynamical networks can represent phenomenological models for self-organization in physics and biology. Applications of these networks to pattern recognition, associative memory, synthesis of models based upon observation data, detection of abnormalities and data compression are discussed. The difference between the proposed dynamical networks and neural networks is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Information Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION science
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - INFORMATION processing
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
N1  - Accession Number: 14880702; Zak, Michail 1,2; Email Address: michail.zak@jpl.nasa.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ultracomputing Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, MIS 126-347, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 USA  2: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 165 Issue 3/4, p149; Subject Term: INFORMATION science; Subject Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: INFORMATION processing; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ins.2003.08.019
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14880702&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, Genetha Anne
AU  - Kolda, Tamara G.
AU  - Sale, Ken
AU  - Young, Malin M.
T1  - Optimizing an Empirical Scoring Function for Transmembrane Protein Structure Determination.
JO  - INFORMS Journal on Computing
JF  - INFORMS Journal on Computing
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 406
EP  - 418
PB  - INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research
SN  - 10919856
AB  - We examine the problem of transmembrane protein structure determination. Like many questions that arise in biological research, this problem cannot be addressed generally by traditional laboratory experimentation alone. Instead, an approach that integrates experiment and computation is required. We formulate the transmembrane protein structure determination problem as a bound-constrained optimization problem using a special empirical scoring function, called Bundler, as the objective function. In this paper, we describe the optimization problem and its mathematical properties, and we examine results obtained using two different derivative-free optimization algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of INFORMS Journal on Computing is the property of INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL optimization
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL biology
KW  - NONLINEAR programming
KW  - PARALLEL algorithms
KW  - PROTEIN synthesis
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - Bundler scoring function
KW  - computational biology
KW  - nonlinear programming
KW  - optimization
KW  - parallel algorithm
KW  - protein structure
N1  - Accession Number: 15019557; Gray, Genetha Anne 1; Email Address: gagray@sandia.gov Kolda, Tamara G. 1; Email Address: tgkolda@sandia.gov Sale, Ken 2; Email Address: klsale@sandia.gov Young, Malin M. 2; Email Address: mmyoung@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Sciences and Mathematics Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 969 MS 9159, Livermore, California 94551-0969, USA  2: Biosystems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 969 MS 9951, Livermore, California 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Fall2004, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p406; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL optimization; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL biology; Subject Term: NONLINEAR programming; Subject Term: PARALLEL algorithms; Subject Term: PROTEIN synthesis; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bundler scoring function; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlinear programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: parallel algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1287/ijoc.1040.0102
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Byrd, J.M.
AU  - Martin, Michael C.
AU  - McKinney, W.R.
AU  - Munson, D.V.
AU  - Nishimura, H.
AU  - Robin, D.S.
AU  - Sannibale, F.
AU  - Schlueter, R.D.
AU  - Thur, W.G.
AU  - Jung, J.Y.
AU  - Wan, W.
T1  - CIRCE: a dedicated storage ring for coherent THz synchrotron radiation
JO  - Infrared Physics & Technology
JF  - Infrared Physics & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 325
EP  - 330
SN  - 13504495
AB  - We present the concepts for an electron storage ring dedicated to and optimized for the production of stable coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) over the far-infrared terahertz wavelength range from 200 μm to about 1 cm. CIRCE (Coherent InfraRed CEnter) will be a 66 m circumference ring located on top of the ALS booster synchrotron shielding tunnel and using the existing ALS injector. This location provides enough floor space for both the CIRCE ring, its required shielding, and numerous beamlines. We briefly outline a model for CSR emission in which a static bunch distortion induced by the synchrotron radiation field is used to significantly extend the stable CSR emission towards higher frequencies. This model has been verified with experimental CSR results. We present the calculated CIRCE photon flux where a gain of 6–9 orders of magnitude is shown compared to existing far-IR sources. Additionally, the particular design of the dipole vacuum chamber has been optimized to allow an excellent transmission of these far-infrared wavelengths. We believe that the CIRCE source can be constructed for a modest cost. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Infrared Physics & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - MEDICAL technology
KW  - Coherent
KW  - Design
KW  - Far-IR
KW  - Flux
KW  - Source
KW  - Synchrotron
KW  - Terahertz
N1  - Accession Number: 13971458; Byrd, J.M.; Email Address: jmbyrd@lbl.gov Martin, Michael C. 1 McKinney, W.R. 1 Munson, D.V. 1 Nishimura, H. 1 Robin, D.S. 1 Sannibale, F. 1 Schlueter, R.D. 1 Thur, W.G. 1 Jung, J.Y. 1 Wan, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 80-101, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 45 Issue 5/6, p325; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: MEDICAL technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Design; Author-Supplied Keyword: Far-IR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flux; Author-Supplied Keyword: Source; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terahertz; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.infrared.2004.01.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Diem, Max
AU  - Romeo, Melissa
AU  - Matthäus, Christian
AU  - Miljkovic, Milos
AU  - Miller, Lisa
AU  - Lasch, Peter
T1  - Comparison of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of individual cells acquired using synchrotron and conventional sources
JO  - Infrared Physics & Technology
JF  - Infrared Physics & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 331
EP  - 338
SN  - 13504495
AB  - The ability of infrared (IR) spectroscopy to distinguish and map cancerous and non-cancerous tissue has opened the question of the origin of spectral differences between normal and cancerous cells. Given the size of human cells (about 12–50 μm in diameter), IR micro-spectroscopy (IR-MSP) is an ideal tool for studying individual cells, or fractions thereof. In this contribution, the methodology for collecting IR spectra of individual cells will be explored using spectrometers that employ either synchrotron or conventional (thermal) light sources. Although synchrotron-based measurements are superior to those of conventional instruments, particularly at apertures approaching the diffraction limit, the difference in spectral quality and data acquisition time has been reduced drastically for a new generation of conventional instruments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Infrared Physics & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - CELLS
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - Human cells
KW  - Infrared Micro-spectroscopy
KW  - Synchrotron and conventional (thermal) sources
N1  - Accession Number: 13971459; Diem, Max 1; Email Address: mdiem@hunter.cuny.edu Romeo, Melissa 1 Matthäus, Christian 1 Miljkovic, Milos 1 Miller, Lisa 2 Lasch, Peter 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City University of New York, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Building 725 D, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Robert-Koch-Institut, P13 `Biomedical Spectroscopy', Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 45 Issue 5/6, p331; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared Micro-spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron and conventional (thermal) sources; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.infrared.2004.01.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scarvie, Tom
AU  - Andresen, Nord
AU  - Baptiste, Ken
AU  - Byrd, John
AU  - Chin, Mike
AU  - Martin, Michael C.
AU  - McKinney, Wayne R.
AU  - Steier, Christoph
T1  - Noise reduction efforts for the ALS infrared beamlines
JO  - Infrared Physics & Technology
JF  - Infrared Physics & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 5/6
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 408
SN  - 13504495
AB  - The quality of infrared microscopy and spectroscopy data collected at synchrotron based sources is strongly dependent on signal-to-noise. We have successfully identified and suppressed several noise sources affecting beamlines 1.4.2, 1.4.3, and 1.4.4 at the advanced light source (ALS), resulting in a significant increase in the quality of FTIR spectra obtained. In this paper, we present our methods of noise source analysis, the negative effect of noise on the infrared beam quality, and the techniques used to reduce the noise. These include reducing the phase noise in the storage ring radio-frequency (RF) system, installing an active mirror feedback system, analyzing and changing physical mounts to better isolate portions of the beamline optics from low-frequency environmental noise, and modifying the input signals to the main ALS RF system. We also discuss the relationship between electron beam energy oscillations at a point of dispersion and infrared beamline noise. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Infrared Physics & Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - Infrared beamline noise
KW  - Infrared signal-to-noise
KW  - RF phase noise
KW  - Vibration
N1  - Accession Number: 13971470; Scarvie, Tom; Email Address: tom_scarvie@lbl.gov Andresen, Nord 1 Baptiste, Ken 1 Byrd, John 1 Chin, Mike 1 Martin, Michael C. 1 McKinney, Wayne R. 1 Steier, Christoph 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS:80R0114, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 45 Issue 5/6, p403; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared beamline noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared signal-to-noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: RF phase noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibration; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.infrared.2004.01.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jung, Hyun Suk
AU  - No, Jun Hong
AU  - Park, Jong Sung
AU  - Hong, Kug Sun
AU  - Lee, Jung-Kun
T1  - Ferroelectric Properties of Highly (111) Oriented Pb(Zr0.4/Ti0.6)03 Thin Films Fabricated Using Sol-Gel Process.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 190
SN  - 10584587
AB  - The well-crystallized and highly (111)-oriented Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6(PZT) thin films were prepared using sol-gel process. The P-V curves and switching current characteristics of PZT thin films were investigated as a function of annealing temperature. With increasing the annealing temperature from 400°C to 700°C, the P-V hysteresis loop became more rectangular shaped, the remnant and saturated polarizations increased, and the activation field decreased. The remnant polarization (Pr) of the film annealed at 400°C and 700°C was 23 µC/cm² and 29 µC/cm², respectively. The switching current behavior depending on the annealing temperature was successfully observed. The value of activation field (α) decreased from 422 ± 27 kV/cm to 339 ± 28 kV/cm with increasing the annealing temperature. These ferroelectric properties of highly (111)-oriented PZT films were discussed in terms of the change in the grain size and domain configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - MAGNETIC induction
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 15815153; Jung, Hyun Suk 1 No, Jun Hong 1 Park, Jong Sung 1 Hong, Kug Sun 1; Email Address: kshongss@plaza.snu.ac.kr Lee, Jung-Kun 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science & Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea.  2: Materials Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 67 Issue 1, p181; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC induction; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10584580490898984
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lu, Z.P.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
T1  - A new approach to understanding and measuring glass formation in bulk amorphous materials
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1035
EP  - 1043
SN  - 09669795
AB  - This paper summarizes our recent work on the understanding of glass formation from considering both liquid phase stability and crystallization resistance from a physical metallurgical point of view. A comprehensive expression to predict glass-forming ability (GFA) for various glass-forming systems, <f>γ=Tx/(Tg+Tl),</f> was derived, where <f>Tx</f> is the crystallization temperature, <f>Tg</f>  the glass transition temperature and <f>Tl</f> the liquidus temperature. Our physical-metallurgy approach is supported strongly by experimental data reported for various bulk amorphous materials. Also, some misconception commonly used for assessing the GFA in the literature will be clarified. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - THERMOPHYSICAL properties
KW  - B. Phase diagram
KW  - C. Casting
KW  - C. Melting
N1  - Accession Number: 14427755; Lu, Z.P.; Email Address: luzp@ornl.gov Liu, C.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1035; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: THERMOPHYSICAL properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Phase diagram; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Casting; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Melting; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chiang, C.L.
AU  - Chu, J.P.
AU  - Lo, C.T.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Wang, Zhi Xin
AU  - Wang, Wei Hua
T1  - Homogeneous plastic deformation in a Cu-based bulk amorphous alloy
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1057
EP  - 1061
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The compressive deformation behavior of a cast Cu60Zr20Hf10Ti10 bulk metallic glass in the supercooled liquid region was investigated at strain rates ranging from 1×10-3 to 10-2 s-1. Glass transition and crystallization temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry to be 721 and 766 K, respectively. Both strain rate and temperature were found to significantly affect deformation behavior in the supercooled liquid region. A strain rate change method was employed to obtain the strain rate sensitivity <f>(m)</f> and the maximum value of <f>m</f> was determined to be 0.61 at 750 K. A large compressive strain of 0.78 was achieved at a strain rate of 3×10-3 s-1 at 740 K. Structures of the amorphous material, both before and after deformation, were studied using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The compressive properties are presented and discussed in light of the structural change. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - B. Plastic deformation mechanisms
KW  - B. Superplastic behaviour
N1  - Accession Number: 14427758; Chiang, C.L. 1 Chu, J.P. 1 Lo, C.T. 1 Nieh, T.G. 2 Wang, Zhi Xin 3 Wang, Wei Hua 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Materials Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080, China; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1057; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Plastic deformation mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Superplastic behaviour; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kanungo, Biraja P.
AU  - Glade, Stephen C.
AU  - Asoka-Kumar, Palakkal
AU  - Flores, Katharine M.
T1  - Characterization of free volume changes associated with shear band formation in Zr- and Cu-based bulk metallic glasses
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1073
EP  - 1080
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The free volume model for flow in metallic glasses predicts a significant increase in free volume at the onset of plastic deformation. The details of these structural changes are unclear, however, particularly during strain localization in shear bands. In this study, the free volume changes associated with inhomogeneous plastic deformation of a Cu-based bulk metallic glass were examined using positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS). PAS results indicated that there was a distribution of free volume site sizes in both the as-quenched and rolled glasses, and that the concentration of larger sites increased with deformation. Differential scanning calorimetry was also used to observe the glass transition behaviors of Cu- and Zr-based glasses after rolling and annealing. Annealing resulted in an increase in the height of the endothermic glass transition peak, consistent with structural relaxation relative to the as-quenched material. Deformation resulted in both a lower endothermic peak height and an earlier and deeper exothermic peak associated with structural relaxation, indicating a more disordered structure with more free volume. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - ANNEALING of glass
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - B. Plastic deformation mechanisms
N1  - Accession Number: 14427761; Kanungo, Biraja P. 1 Glade, Stephen C. 2 Asoka-Kumar, Palakkal 2 Flores, Katharine M. 1; Email Address: flores.70@osu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1178, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1073; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: ANNEALING of glass; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Plastic deformation mechanisms; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hirotsu, Y.
AU  - Hanada, T.
AU  - Ohkubo, T.
AU  - Makino, A.
AU  - Yoshizawa, Y.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
T1  - Nanoscale phase separation in metallic glasses studied by advanced electron microscopy techniques
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1081
EP  - 1088
SN  - 09669795
AB  - To understand atomic structures of metallic glasses, advanced electron microscopy was employed to analyze local structures of some Fe-based and Zr-based metallic glasses. In the as-formed Fe70Nb10B20 and Fe73.5Nb3Si13.5Cu1B9 glasses, crystalline nano-clusters as small as 1 nm were observed using HREM (high resolution electron microscopy) under optimized defocus conditions. Nano-diffraction with a probe size of 1 nm revealed diffraction patterns of bcc-Fe and Fe-compound, suggesting the presence of nanoscale phase separation in these as-formed specimens. Atomic pair distribution function was calculated from analyzing electron diffraction intensity obtained from a large area in the samples using energy-filtering. For the Fe–Nb–B glass, an averaged atomic structural model with 2500 atoms was constructed using reverse Monte-Carlo calculation followed by Voronoi polyhedral analysis. The analysis revealed the presence of bcc-Fe-like, B-centered trigonal prism and highly coordinated Nb–Fe polyhedral structures, which was consistent with experimental results of HREM and nano-diffraction. A Zr71Cu13Ni10Ti3Al3 bulk metallic glass was also studied using HREM and high angle annular dark-field (HAADF) techniques. Crystalline clusters with sizes of about 1–2 nm were detected in the as-cast Zr71Cu13Ni10Ti3Al3. In the HAADF image, bright contrasts extending as small as 2 nm were found to fluctuate locally, indicating a local compositional fluctuation caused by nanoscale phase separation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - D. Microstructure
KW  - E. Simulations
KW  - F. Diffraction (electron, neutron and X-ray)
KW  - F. Electron microscopy, transmission
KW  - Monte Carlo
N1  - Accession Number: 14427762; Hirotsu, Y. 1 Hanada, T. 1 Ohkubo, T. 2 Makino, A. 3 Yoshizawa, Y. 4 Nieh, T.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan  2: National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan  3: Akita Prefecture University, Honjo 196-8558, Japan  4: Hitachi Metals, Kumagaya 360-0843, Japan  5: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1081; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Microstructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. Simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Diffraction (electron, neutron and X-ray); Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Electron microscopy, transmission; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kramer, M.J.
AU  - Besser, M.F.
AU  - Rozhkova, E.
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
T1  - Influence of short-range order on devitrification in Zr70Pd20Cu10 metallic glasses
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1119
EP  - 1124
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The initial stages of the devitrification for the Zr70Pd20Cu10 metallic glass prepared by two processing routes, melt-spinning (MS) and mechanical milling (MM), is investigated using high energy synchrotron X-rays (124.63 keV). The short-range order of the as-prepared alloys differ. This resulted in different phase selection processes during annealing for the two alloys. To determine the initial nucleating phases, we analyzed the differences in the total scattering function <f>S(Q)</f> as a function of time at a temperature ∼50 K below the crystallization temperature. Both alloys undergo a structural relaxation prior to nucleation and growth. Devitrification proceeds from nucleation of the icosahedral phase for the MS alloy and by nucleation of the high temperature stable MoSi2-type structure for the MM alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - ANNEALING of crystals
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - A. Intermetallics,  miscellaneous
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - B. Thermal properties
KW  - C. Rapid solidification processing
KW  - F. Diffraction (electron, neutron and X-ray)
N1  - Accession Number: 14427769; Kramer, M.J.; Email Address: mjkramer@ameslab.gov Besser, M.F. 1 Rozhkova, E. 1 Sordelet, D.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metal and Ceramic Sciences Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 37 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1119; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: ANNEALING of crystals; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Intermetallics,  miscellaneous; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Rapid solidification processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Diffraction (electron, neutron and X-ray); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, M.H.
AU  - Lee, J.Y.
AU  - Bae, D.H.
AU  - Kim, W.T.
AU  - Sordelet, D.J.
AU  - Kim, D.H.
T1  - A development of Ni-based alloys with enhanced plasticity
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1133
EP  - 1137
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Enhancement of plasticity in Ni-based injection cast bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and metallic glass matrix composites (MGMCs) has been investigated. The injection-cast Ni59Zr16Ti13Si3Sn2Nb7 BMG showed a significantly improved plastic region to failure of 6.5%, as compared to that of the injection-cast Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 BMG of 2%. The Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 MGMC containing brass-fibers shows macroscopic plasticity after yielding, and the level of plastic strain increased to around 2% with increasing brass content up to 40 vol.%, while monolithic warm-extruded Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 BMG show no plastic deformation region. Present study shows that the plasticity of BMG can be improved by selecting proper BMG alloy composition or by introducing ductile reinforcing phase in the BMG matrix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - A. Composites
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - B. Plastic deformation mechanisms
KW  - C. Extrusion
N1  - Accession Number: 14427771; Lee, M.H. 1 Lee, J.Y. 1 Bae, D.H. 1 Kim, W.T. 2 Sordelet, D.J. 3 Kim, D.H. 1; Email Address: dohkim@yonsei.ac.kr; Affiliation:  1: Center for Non-Crystalline Materials, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-ku, Seoul, South Korea  2: Applied Science Division, Chongju University, Chongju, South Korea  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50014, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1133; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Plastic deformation mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Extrusion; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.027
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morrison, M.L.
AU  - Buchanan, R.A.
AU  - Peker, A.
AU  - Peter, W.H.
AU  - Horton, J.A.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
T1  - Cyclic-anodic-polarization studies of a Zr41.2Ti13.8Ni10Cu12.5Be22.5 bulk metallic glass
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1177
EP  - 1181
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Cyclic-anodic-polarization tests were conducted on a Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) with a chemical composition of Zr41.2Ti13.8Ni10Cu12.5Be22.5 [Liquidmetal-001, LM-001 (at.%)]. Samples were compared in two different electrolytes at two different temperatures. Tests were conducted at 22 and 37 °C in both, an aerated 0.6 M NaCl electrolyte and a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) electrolyte with a physiologically relevant dissolved oxygen content. For all tested conditions, the alloy demonstrated passive behavior at the open-circuit potential with low corrosion rates. However, a susceptibility to localized pitting corrosion was observed in all of the tested conditions. At both temperatures, statistical analyses revealed that the LM-001 BMG exhibited comparable or improved values for every corrosion parameter in the PBS electrolyte, as compared to the NaCl electrolyte. The mean differences between the protection potentials and the open-circuit corrosion potentials were determined to be positive values with greater magnitudes for the PBS electrolyte. Thus, the material may undergo pitting corrosion at surface flaws or after incubation-time periods, depending on the local and bulk environments, with lower probabilities for the PBS electrolyte. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - B. Corrosion
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - G. Biomedical applications
N1  - Accession Number: 14427779; Morrison, M.L. 1; Email Address: mmorrison@utk.edu Buchanan, R.A. 1 Peker, A. 2 Peter, W.H. 1 Horton, J.A. 3 Liaw, P.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, 434 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Liquidmetal Technologies, 25800 Commercentre Drive, Suite 100, Lake Forest, CA 92630, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals and Ceramics Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6115, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1177; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: G. Biomedical applications; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Iwamoto, C.
AU  - Ikuhara, Y.
AU  - Lee, K.W.
AU  - Chung, Y.W.
T1  - Comparative studies of crystallization of a bulk Zr–Al–Ti–Cu–Ni amorphous alloy
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1183
EP  - 1189
SN  - 09669795
AB  - The recrystallization and associated nanoindentation behavior of a Zr–10Al–5Ti–17.9Cu–14.6Ni (at.%) bulk amorphous alloy was investigated using in situ transmission electron microscopy and high-temperature nanoindentation. The onset of recrystallization occurs around 710 K, with the formation of Zr2Cu, Al3Zr4, and Ni10Zr7. Nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus were obtained as a function of temperature from 298 to 723 K. The hardness was measured to be ∼7.5 GPa and found unchanged at temperatures below 673 K, but softened rapidly and decreased to 5 GPa at 723 K. These results can be correlated very well with the onset of recrystallization of this alloy at ∼700 K. The present study demonstrates that transmission electron microscopy, hot-stage nanoindentation, and X-ray diffraction are supplementary techniques for the study of glass relaxation and crystallization of metallic glasses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy)
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - B. Mechanical properties at high temperatures
KW  - B. Phase identification
KW  - C. Recrystallization and recovery (including grain growth)
KW  - F. Electron microscopy, transmission
N1  - Accession Number: 14427780; Nieh, T.G. 1; Email Address: nieh1@llnl.gov Iwamoto, C. 2 Ikuhara, Y. 2 Lee, K.W. 3 Chung, Y.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-350, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Engineering Research Institute, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1183; Subject Term: RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy); Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Mechanical properties at high temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Phase identification; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Recrystallization and recovery (including grain growth); Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Electron microscopy, transmission; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sordelet, Daniel J.
AU  - Yang, Xiaoyun
AU  - Rozhkova, Elena A.
AU  - Besser, Matthew F.
AU  - Kramer, Matthew J.
T1  - Influence of oxygen content in phase selection during quenching of Zr80Pt20 melt spun ribbons
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1211
EP  - 1217
SN  - 09669795
AB  - Depending on processing conditions Zr80Pt20 alloys may form meta-stable quasicrystals either during devitrification of an amorphous phase or directly upon cooling from a liquid. This study reveals that oxygen content during melt spinning indeed strongly influences the formation of the as-quenched structure in this alloy system. At a wheel speed of 25 m/s, a critical amount of oxygen was found to be required to form amorphous ribbons. At lower oxygen levels (i.e. <500 ppm mass), a fully crystallized structure forms that is composed mainly of meta-stable β-Zr with a small fraction of a quasicrystals (QC) phase. At higher oxygen levels (∼1000 ppm mass), the as-quenched structure transitions to an apparently amorphous structure, and with further oxygen additions forms a mixture of amorphous and either a QC phase (∼1500 ppm mass) or a crystalline Zr6Pt3O phase (>2500 ppm mass). Details regarding the structural similarity between the QC, β-Zr and Zr6Pt3O phases are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - A. Nanostructured intermetallics
KW  - B. Thermal stability
KW  - C. Rapid solidification processing
KW  - D. Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 14427784; Sordelet, Daniel J. 1,2; Email Address: sordelet@ameslab.gov Yang, Xiaoyun 1 Rozhkova, Elena A. 1 Besser, Matthew F. 1 Kramer, Matthew J. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3114, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1211; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Nanostructured intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Thermal stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Rapid solidification processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Microstructure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14427784&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, G.Y.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Peter, W.H.
AU  - Yang, B.
AU  - Freels, M.
AU  - Yokoyama, Y.
AU  - Benson, M.L.
AU  - Green, B.A.
AU  - Saleh, T.A.
AU  - McDaniels, R.L.
AU  - Steward, R.V.
AU  - Buchanan, R.A.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Brooks, C.R.
T1  - Fatigue behavior and fracture morphology of Zr50Al10Cu40 and Zr50Al10Cu30Ni10 bulk-metallic glasses
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1219
EP  - 1227
SN  - 09669795
AB  - In the present work, high-cycle fatigue (HCF) experiments were conducted on zirconium (Zr)-based bulk-metallic glasses (BMGs): Zr50Al10Cu40 and Zr50Al10Cu30Ni10, in atomic percent. The HCF tests were performed, using an electrohydraulic machine at a frequency of 10 Hz with a <f>R</f> ratio of 0.1 and under tension–tension loading. Note that <f>R=σmin/σmax,</f> where <f>σmin</f> and <f>σmax</f> are the applied minimum and maximum stresses, respectively. The test environments were air and vacuum. A high-speed and high-sensitivity thermographic-infrared (IR) imaging system was used for the nondestructive evaluation of temperature evolutions during fatigue testing of the BMGs. A sparking phenomenon was observed at the final fracture moment of Zr50Al10Cu30Ni10 in air, while a bright notch section was observed near the final fracture moment of these two BMGs in vacuum. The effect of the chemical composition on the fatigue behavior of the Zr-based BMGs was studied. The fatigue-endurance limit of Zr50Al10Cu30Ni10 (865 MPa) was somewhat greater than that of Zr50Al10Cu40 (752 MPa) in air. The fatigue lives in vacuum and air were generally found to be comparable. The fatigue-fracture surface consisted of four main regions: the fatigue crack-initiation, crack-propagation, final-fast-fracture, and apparent-melting areas. Apparent fracture toughness was determined from the measurement of the crack-propagation region of the fatigue-fractured surface. The fracture-toughness values of Zr50Al10Cu40 were greater than those of Zr50Al10Cu30Ni10. The vein pattern and droplets with a melted appearance were observed in the apparent melting region. There were microcracks on the outer surface of the specimen, which could be associated with multiple fatigue-crack-initiation sites. These microcracks might result from shear bands and shear-off steps. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - B. Glasses, metallic
KW  - B. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature
KW  - F. Electron microscopy, scanning
KW  - F. Non-destructive evaluation
N1  - Accession Number: 14427785; Wang, G.Y. 1; Email Address: gwang@utk.edu Liaw, P.K. 1 Peter, W.H. 1 Yang, B. 1 Freels, M. 1 Yokoyama, Y. 2 Benson, M.L. 1 Green, B.A. 1 Saleh, T.A. 1 McDaniels, R.L. 1 Steward, R.V. 1 Buchanan, R.A. 1 Liu, C.T. 3 Brooks, C.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Materials Science and Engineering, Himeji Institute of Technology, Shosha 2167, Himeji, Japan  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1219; Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Glasses, metallic; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Electron microscopy, scanning; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Non-destructive evaluation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, B.
AU  - Liaw, P.K.
AU  - Wang, G.
AU  - Morrison, M.
AU  - Liu, C.T.
AU  - Buchanan, R.A.
AU  - Yokoyama, Y.
T1  - In-situ thermographic observation of mechanical damage in bulk-metallic glasses during fatigue and tensile experiments
JO  - Intermetallics
JF  - Intermetallics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1265
EP  - 1274
SN  - 09669795
AB  - One of the major limitations on bulk-metallic glasses (BMGs) as potential structural materials are their poor reliabilities under tension-loading conditions. It is essential to investigate the mechanical-damage processes of BMGs in order to improve their reliability. Up to now, however, the mechanical-damage mechanism of BMGs has not been fully understood, especially during fatigue processes. In the current research, the mechanical-damage processes of Zr-based BMGs during both fatigue and tensile tests were investigated in-situ by thermography technologies. Except for the final fracture moment, the mechanical behaviors of BMGs have been observed to be dominated by elastic deformations. In the present study, the thermoelastic effect was used to predict the stress concentration at the center-notch region of the BMG specimens. An obvious thermoelastic degradation phenomenon was observed at the center-notch region of the specimen, which could result from the free-volume-accumulation process during fatigue, and can be used to predict the fatigue-damage-evolution process and the final failure. Multiple shear bands were observed in-situ and analyzed on BMGs before failures during tensile tests by thermography, while no shear bands were observed during fatigue tests, which indicated that the failure mechanism during fatigue could be different from that during the tensile test. Furthermore, instant melting and liquid splitting of BMGs at the fracture moment was captured in-situ by thermography. As a new nondestructive-evaluation method, thermography could open up wide applications in detecting in-situ mechanical-damages of materials and structural components. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Intermetallics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MATERIALS -- Fatigue
KW  - B. Fatigue resistance and crack growth
KW  - B. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature
KW  - F. Mechanical testing
KW  - F. Non-destructive evaluation
N1  - Accession Number: 14427793; Yang, B. 1; Email Address: byang@utk.edu Liaw, P.K. 1 Wang, G. 1 Morrison, M. 1 Liu, C.T. 2 Buchanan, R.A. 1 Yokoyama, Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6115, USA  3: Materials Science and Engineering, Himeji Institute of Technology, Shosha, Himeji City 2167, Japan; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10/11, p1265; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATERIALS -- Fatigue; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Fatigue resistance and crack growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Mechanical properties at ambient temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Mechanical testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: F. Non-destructive evaluation; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.intermet.2004.04.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Reese E.
T1  - Models for contact loading and unloading of a rough surface
JO  - International Journal of Engineering Science
JF  - International Journal of Engineering Science
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 42
IS  - 17/18
M3  - Article
SP  - 1931
EP  - 1947
SN  - 00207225
AB  - Two basic models of loading and unloading of elastic–plastic rough surfaces are presented. The first is based on a surface composed of columnar asperities and the second is based on the more traditional hemispherical asperities. These models extend the Greenwood and Williamson paradigm [Proc. Roy. Soc. A 295 (1966) 300] to cyclic loading where an evolving subset of the contacting asperities undergo irreversible deformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATERIALS handling
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuit design
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - LOADING & unloading
KW  - Asperity
KW  - Contact
KW  - Rough surface
N1  - Accession Number: 14579747; Jones, Reese E. 1; Email Address: rjones@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O.Box 969 MS 9405, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 42 Issue 17/18, p1931; Subject Term: MATERIALS handling; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuit design; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: LOADING & unloading; Author-Supplied Keyword: Asperity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rough surface; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2004.05.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qu, S.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Jiang, H.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Wu, P.D.
AU  - Hwang, K.C.
T1  - Fracture analysis in the conventional theory of mechanism-based strain gradient (CMSG) plasticity.
JO  - International Journal of Fracture
JF  - International Journal of Fracture
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 129
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 220
SN  - 03769429
AB  - In a remarkable series of experiments, Elssner et al. (1994) and Korn et al. (2002) observed cleavage cracking along a bimaterial interface between Nb and sapphire. The stress required for cleavage cracking is around the theoretical strength of the material. Classical plasticity models fall short to reach such a high stress level. We use the conventional theory of mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity (Huang et al., 2004) to investigate the stress field around the tip of an interface crack between Nb and sapphire. The tensile stress at a distance of 0.1 µm to the interface crack tip reaches 13.3δY, where cry is the yield stress of Nb. This stress is nearly 4 times of that predicted by classical plasticity theory (3.6δY) at the same distance to the crack tip, and is high enough to trigger cleavage cracking in materials and interfaces. This is consistent with Elssner et al.'s (1994) and Korn et al.'s (2002) experimental observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Fracture is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Cleavage cracking
KW  - interface fracture
KW  - strain gradient plasticity
KW  - Taylor dislocation model
KW  - Taylor dislocation model.
N1  - Accession Number: 15043197; Qu, S. 1 Huang, Y. 1; Email Address: huang9@uiuc.edu Jiang, H. 1 Liu, C. 2 Wu, P.D. 3 Hwang, K.C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A.  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  3: Alcan International Limited, Kingston Research and Development Center, Kingston, Ontario K7L 5L9, Canada  4: Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 129 Issue 3, p199; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Cleavage cracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: interface fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: strain gradient plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Taylor dislocation model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Taylor dislocation model.; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samuel, Stuart
T1  - ON THE SPEED OF GRAVITY AND THE JUPITER/QUASAR MEASUREMENT.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 13
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 1753
EP  - 1770
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02182718
AB  - I present the theory and analysis behind the experiment by Fomalont and Kopeikin involving Jupiter and quasar J0842+1845 that purported to measure the speed of gravity. The computation of the vJ/c correction to the gravitational time delay difference relevant to the experiment is derived, where vJ is the speed of Jupiter as measured from Earth. Since the vJ/c corrections are too small to have been measured in the Jupiter/quasar experiment, it is impossible that the speed of gravity was extracted from the data, and I explain what went wrong with the data analysis. Finally, mistakes are shown in papers by Fomalont and Kopeikin intended to rebut my work and the work of others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics D: Gravitation, Astrophysics & Cosmology is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAVITY
KW  - GRAVITATIONAL fields
KW  - INNER planets
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
KW  - TIME delay systems
KW  - PHYSICS research
KW  - general relativity
KW  - quasar J0842+1845
KW  - Speed of gravity
N1  - Accession Number: 15243981; Samuel, Stuart 1; Email Address: samuel@thsrv.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theory Group, MS 50A-5101, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 13 Issue 9, p1753; Subject Term: GRAVITY; Subject Term: GRAVITATIONAL fields; Subject Term: INNER planets; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Subject Term: TIME delay systems; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; Author-Supplied Keyword: general relativity; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasar J0842+1845; Author-Supplied Keyword: Speed of gravity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Min, Ki-Bok
AU  - Rutqvist, J.
AU  - Tsang, Chin-Fu
AU  - Jing, Lanru
T1  - Stress-dependent permeability of fractured rock masses: a numerical study
JO  - International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 41
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1191
EP  - 1210
SN  - 13651609
AB  - We investigate the stress-dependent permeability issue in fractured rock masses considering the effects of nonlinear normal deformation and shear dilation of fractures using a two-dimensional distinct element method program, UDEC, based on a realistic discrete fracture network realization. A series of “numerical” experiments were conducted to calculate changes in the permeability of simulated fractured rock masses under various loading conditions. Numerical experiments were conducted in two ways: (1) increasing the overall stresses with a fixed ratio of horizontal to vertical stresses components; and (2) increasing the differential stresses (i.e., the difference between the horizontal and vertical stresses) while keeping the magnitude of vertical stress constant.These numerical experiments show that the permeability of fractured rocks decreases with increased stress magnitudes when the stress ratio is not large enough to cause shear dilation of fractures, whereas permeability increases with increased stress when the stress ratio is large enough. Permeability changes at low stress levels are more sensitive than at high stress levels due to the nonlinear fracture normal stress-displacement relation. Significant stress-induced channeling is observed as the shear dilation causes the concentration of fluid flow along connected shear fractures. Anisotropy of permeability emerges with the increase of differential stresses, and this anisotropy can become more prominent with the influence of shear dilation and localized flow paths. A set of empirical equations in closed-form, accounting for both normal closure and shear dilation of the fractures, is proposed to model the stress-dependent permeability. These equations prove to be in good agreement with the results obtained from our numerical experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - ROCKS
KW  - CHANNELING (Physics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Channeling
KW  - Discrete fracture network
KW  - Distinct element method
KW  - Fractured rock
KW  - Stress-dependent permeability
N1  - Accession Number: 14189092; Min, Ki-Bok; Email Address: kibok@kth.se Rutqvist, J. 1 Tsang, Chin-Fu 1 Jing, Lanru 2; Affiliation:  1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Engineering Geology and Geophysics Research Group, Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 72, Stockholm 10044, Sweden; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 41 Issue 7, p1191; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: ROCKS; Subject Term: CHANNELING (Physics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Channeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discrete fracture network; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distinct element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractured rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress-dependent permeability; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.05.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gibson, W. M.
AU  - Schultz, A. J.
AU  - Richardson, J. W.
AU  - Carpenter, J. M.
AU  - Mildner, D. F. R.
AU  - Chen-Mayer, H. H.
AU  - Miller, M. E.
AU  - Maxey, E. R.
AU  - Youngman, R.
T1  - Convergent-beam neutron crystallography.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 778
EP  - 785
SN  - 00218898
AB  - Two monolithic polycapillary optics of different focal length and beam convergence are employed to investigate the use of focusing lenses for the neutron convergent-beam method for time-of-flight crystallography with a broad neutron wavelength bandwidth. The optic of short output focal length (15.5 mm) with a beam convergence of 16.8 (10)° has a focal spot diameter of ∼100 μm for 3.2 Å neutrons. For an MnF2 single-crystal sample of this diameter on a pulsed neutron source, this lens gives an expected integrated intensity gain of ∼100 for a 020 Bragg peak. Further measurements on a powder diffractometer show that the expected diffracted beam intensities for Ni have gains in excess of 500 for powder samples of this diameter. The degradation of resolution is minimized in the backscattering geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - LENSES
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14846115; Gibson, W. M. 1; Email Address: wgibson@xos.com Schultz, A. J. 2 Richardson, J. W. 2 Carpenter, J. M. 2 Mildner, D. F. R. 3 Chen-Mayer, H. H. 3 Miller, M. E. 2 Maxey, E. R. 2 Youngman, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: X-Ray Optical Systems Inc., 15 Tech Valley Drive, East Greenbush, NY 1 2061, USA.  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  3: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20889, USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p778; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: LENSES; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0021889804015882
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alkire, R. W.
AU  - Schuessler, R.
AU  - Rotella, F. J.
AU  - Gonczy, J. D.
AU  - Rosenbaum, G.
T1  - Re-thinking the role of the beamstop at a synchrotron-based protein crystallography beamline.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 836
EP  - 840
SN  - 00218898
AB  - A 1 mm vertical-profile X-ray beamstop has been designed to operate in the energy range 6-20 keV. The relationship between the beamstop-to-sample distance and air scatter is discussed with the intent of establishing criteria for optimal beamstop positioning during an experiment. Different choices for beamstop materials are described with respect to stopping power, fluorescence and scattering from the surface. Suggestions for improvements in beamstop design are presented which are applicable for future automation and equipment safety. All work was performed on the Structural Biology Center insertion- device beamline, 19ID, at the Advanced Photon Source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14846123; Alkire, R. W. 1; Email Address: alkire@anl.gov Schuessler, R. 1 Rotella, F. J. 1 Gonczy, J. D. 2 Rosenbaum, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: Department of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, SER-CAT at APS, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p836; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PHOTONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/50021889804014499
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banta, Robert M.
AU  - Darby, Lisa S.
AU  - Fast, Jerome D.
AU  - Pinto, James O.
AU  - Whiteman, C. David
AU  - Shaw, William J.
AU  - Orr, Brad W.
T1  - Nocturnal Low-Level Jet in a Mountain Basin Complex. Part I: Evolution and Effects on Local Flows.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 43
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1348
EP  - 1365
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - A Doppler lidar deployed to the center of the Great Salt Lake (GSL) basin during the Vertical Transport and Mixing (VTMX) field campaign in October 2000 found a diurnal cycle of the along-basin winds with northerly up-basin flow during the day and a southerly down-basin low-level jet at night. The emphasis of VTMX was on stable atmospheric processes in the cold-air pool that formed in the basin at night. During the night the jet was fully formed as it entered the GSL basin from the south. Thus, it was a feature of the complex string of basins draining toward the Great Salt Lake, which included at least the Utah Lake basin to the south. The timing of the evening reversal to down-basin flow was sensitive to the larger-scale north–south pressure gradient imposed on the basin complex. On nights when the pressure gradient was not too strong, local drainage flow (slope flows and canyon outflow) was well developed along the Wasatch Range to the east and coexisted with the basin jet. The coexistence of these two types of flow generated localized regions of convergence and divergence, in which regions of vertical motion and transport were focused. Mesoscale numerical simulations captured these features and indicated that updrafts on the order of 5 cm s-1 could persist in these localized convergence zones, contributing to vertical displacement of air masses within the basin cold pool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WINDS
KW  - OPTICAL radar
KW  - HYDRAULIC engineering
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC circulation
N1  - Accession Number: 15044037; Banta, Robert M. 1; Email Address: robert.banta@noaa.gov Darby, Lisa S. 1 Fast, Jerome D. 2 Pinto, James O. 3 Whiteman, C. David 2 Shaw, William J. 2 Orr, Brad W. 1; Affiliation:  1: NOAA/Environmental Technology Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado.  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.  3: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 43 Issue 10, p1348; Subject Term: WINDS; Subject Term: OPTICAL radar; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC engineering; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC circulation; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barabash, O. M.
AU  - Horton, J. A.
AU  - Babu, S. S.
AU  - Vitek, J. M.
AU  - David, S. A.
AU  - Park, J. W.
AU  - Ice, G. F.
AU  - Barabash, R. I.
T1  - Evolution of dislocation structure in the heat affected zone of a nickel-based single crystal.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3673
EP  - 3679
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Using polychromatic microbeam synchrotron diffraction together with electron and optical microscopy, we studied dislocation structure changes of Ni—based single crystal superalloy during impulse heating up to the melting temperature. It is shown that the distribution of the thermal gradient is not monotonic. The maximum value of the thermal gradient is observed in the heat affected zone near the fusion line. Depending on the temperature, the formation of dislocation is accompanied by the partial or complete dissolution of γ′ particles in the matrix. Dislocations form and multiply due to thermal gradients, and their arrangement correlates with temperature gradient field and with the dissolution and reprecipitation of γ′ particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 14546556; Barabash, O. M. 1; Email Address: barabashom@ornl.gov Horton, J. A. 1 Babu, S. S. 1 Vitek, J. M. 1 David, S. A. 1 Park, J. W. 1 Ice, G. F. 1 Barabash, R. I. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals & Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 7, p3673; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 14 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1777393
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bringa, E. M.
AU  - Cazamias, J. U.
AU  - Erhart, P.
AU  - Stölken, J.
AU  - Tanushev, N.
AU  - Wirth, B. D.
AU  - Rudd, R. E.
AU  - Caturla, M. J.
T1  - Atomistic shock Hugoniot simulation of single-crystal copper.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3793
EP  - 3799
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Planar shock waves in single-crystal copper were simulated using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics with a realistic embedded atom potential. The simulation results are in good agreement with new experimental data presented here, for the Hugoniot of single-crystal copper along «100». Simulations were performed for Hugoniot pressures in the range 2 GPa – 800 GPa, up to well above the shock induced melting transition. Large anisotropies are found for shock propagation along «100», «110», and «111», with quantitative differences from pair potentials results. Plastic deformation starts at Up&gsim;0.75 km/s, and melting occurs between 200 and 220 GPa, in agreement with the experimental melting pressure of polycrystalline copper. The Voigt and Reuss averages of our simulated Hugoniot do not compare well below melting with the experimental Hugoniot of polycrystalline copper. This is possibly due to experimental targets with preferential texturing and/or a much lower Hugoniot elastic limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14546535; Bringa, E. M. 1 Cazamias, J. U. 2 Erhart, P. 3 Stölken, J. 4 Tanushev, N. 5 Wirth, B. D. 6 Rudd, R. E. 7 Caturla, M. J. 8; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California  2: Nonproliferation, Arms Control, and International Security, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California  3: Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany  4: Engineering, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore  5: Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles  6: Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley  7: Physics and Advanced Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore  8: Departament de Fisica Aplicada, Universitat d'Alacant, E-03690 Alacant, Spain; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 7, p3793; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789266
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahan, A. H.
AU  - Biswas, R.
AU  - Gedvilas, L. M.
AU  - Williamson, D. L.
AU  - Pan, B. C.
T1  - On the influence of short and medium range order on the material band gap in hydrogenated amorphous silicon.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3818
EP  - 3826
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We examine different types of order measured in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and their effect on the optical absorption (band gap). We first review previous experimental work determining order on a short-range scale as probed by Raman spectroscopy, and provide, using molecular dynamics simulations, a theoretical explanation for why the band gap increases when this type of ordering is improved. We then present results on a-Si:H films deposited by hot wire chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and plasma enhanced CVD where the short-range order, from Raman spectroscopy, does not change, but order on a larger or medium-range scale does. This order is determined by measuring the width of the first x-ray diffraction peak, and was varied by depositing films at different substrate temperatures and/or different hydrogen dilutions. We find that the film band gap also increases when this type of ordering improves, and we provide a possible mechanism to explain these trends. We also suggest that much of the previous literature showing an increase in band gap with increasing film hydrogen content should be treated with caution, as these works may not have accurately deconvoluted the effects of optical adsorption due to film hydrogenation from those due to both types of lattice ordering. Finally, we argue that this same trend may apply, to a limited extent, to microcrystalline silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 14546531; Mahan, A. H. 1 Biswas, R. 2 Gedvilas, L. M. 1 Williamson, D. L. 3 Pan, B. C. 2,4; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevand Golden, Colorado 80401  2: Physics Department and Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  3: Physics Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401  4: Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 7, p3818; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1772876
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14546531&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gonzalez, G. B.
AU  - Mason, T. O.
AU  - Quintana, J. P.
AU  - Warschkow, O.
AU  - Ellis, D. E.
AU  - Hwang, J.-H.
AU  - Hodges, J. P.
AU  - Jorgensen, J. D.
T1  - Defect structure studies of bulk and nano-indium-tin oxide.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 3912
EP  - 3920
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The defect structure of bulk and nano-indium-tin oxide was investigated by a combination of experimental techniques, including high-resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, and time-of-flight neutron diffraction on powder specimens. The structural results include atomic positions, cation distributions, and oxygen interstitial populations for oxidized and reduced materials. These structural parameters were correlated with theoretical calculations and in situ electrical conductivity and thermopower measurements as well as existing defect models, with special reference to the model of Frank and Köstlin [G. Frank and H. Köstlin, Appl. Phys. A 27, 197 (1982)]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14546513; Gonzalez, G. B. 1 Mason, T. O. 1 Quintana, J. P. 1 Warschkow, O. 2 Ellis, D. E. 2 Hwang, J.-H. 3 Hodges, J. P. 4 Jorgensen, J. D. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208  3: Department of Materials Science And Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea  4: Spallation Neutron Source Division, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  5: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 7, p3912; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1783610
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van der Weerd, Jaap
AU  - Smith, Gregory D.
AU  - Firth, Steven
AU  - Clark, Robin J.H.
T1  - Identification of black pigments on prehistoric Southwest American potsherds by infrared and Raman microscopy
JO  - Journal of Archaeological Science
JF  - Journal of Archaeological Science
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 31
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1429
EP  - 1437
SN  - 03054403
AB  - Raman and infrared microscopy have been used to characterise the black pigments on prehistoric Southwest American black-on-white pottery. Conclusive spectroscopic evidence for the use of carbon-based paints on these sherds has been provided using the Raman technique. Maghaemite (γ-Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4), found alternatively or mixed with a carbonaceous pigment, were also identified on some sherds. Infrared measurements indicated that little, if any, organic material from biogenic precursors of the black pigment or from pigment binding agents remained in the paints. These spectroscopic results were obtained rapidly and non-destructively on unprepared samples, and the resulting data complement, and in some instances correct, paint type conclusions drawn from studies involving techniques such as XRD, SEM-EDX, and XPS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Archaeological Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERRIC oxide
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - MAGNETITE
KW  - HOME furnishings
KW  - Ancestral puebloan pottery
KW  - Carbon-based pigments
KW  - Iron oxides
KW  - Raman microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13958362; van der Weerd, Jaap 1 Smith, Gregory D. 1,2 Firth, Steven 1 Clark, Robin J.H. 1; Email Address: r.j.h.clark@ucl.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK  2: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 31 Issue 10, p1429; Subject Term: FERRIC oxide; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: MAGNETITE; Subject Term: HOME furnishings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ancestral puebloan pottery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon-based pigments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 442299 All Other Home Furnishings Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 442298 All other home furnishings stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484210 Used Household and Office Goods Moving; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 337125 Household Furniture (except Wood and Metal) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811490 Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414390 Other home furnishings merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jas.2004.03.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanishvili, Ruslan
AU  - Beasley, Steven
AU  - Skarina, Tania
AU  - Glesne, David
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Edwards, Aled
AU  - Savchenko, Alexei
T1  - The Crystal Structure of Escherichia coli MoaB Suggests a Probable Role in Molybdenum Cofactor Synthesis.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 279
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 42139
EP  - 42146
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The crystal structure of Escherichia coli MoaB was determined by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction phasing and refined at 1.6-Å resolution. The molecule displayed a modified Rossman fold. MoaB is assembled into a hexamer composed of two trimers. The monomers have high structural similarity with two proteins, MogA and MoeA, from the molybdenum cofactor synthesis pathway in E. coli, as well as with domains of mammalian gephyrin and plant Cnx1, which are also involved in molybdopterin synthesis. Structural com- parison between these proteins and the amino acid con- servation patterns revealed a putative active site in MoaB. The structural analysis of this site allowed to advance several hypothesis that can be tested in further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - MONOMERS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - AMINO acids
N1  - Accession Number: 14789575; Sanishvili, Ruslan 1 Beasley, Steven 2 Skarina, Tania 2 Glesne, David 3 Joachimiak, Andrzej 1; Email Address: andrzejj@anl.gov Edwards, Aled 2,4 Savchenko, Alexei 2; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences, Structural Biology Center, Midwest Center for Sructural Genomics, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Clinical Genomics Centre/Proteomics, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada  3: Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  4: Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G, Canada; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 40, p42139; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: AMINO acids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 4 Color Photographs, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M407694200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yi-Ching Lio
AU  - Sehild, David
AU  - Brenneman, Mark A.
AU  - Redpath, J. Leslie
AU  - Chen, David J.
T1  - Human Rad51C Deficiency Destabilizes XRCC3, Impairs Recombination, and Radiosensitizes S/G2-phase Cells.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 279
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 42313
EP  - 42320
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The highly conserved Rad51 protein plays an essential role in repairing DNA damage through homologous recombination. In vertebrates, five Rad51 paralogs (Rad51B, Rad51C, Rad51D, XRCC2, and XRCC3) are expressed in mitotically growing cells and are thought to play mediating roles in homologous recombination, although their precise functions remain unclear. Among the five paralogs, Rad51C was found to be a central component present in two complexes, Rad51C-XRCC3 and Rad51B-Rad51C-Rad51D-XRCC2. We have shown previously that the human Rad51C protein exhibits three biochemical activities, including DNA binding, ATPase, and DNA duplex separation. Here we report the use of RNA interference to deplete expression of Rad51C protein in human HT1080 and HeLa cells. In HT1080 cells, depletion of Rad51C by small interfering RNA caused a significant reduction of frequency in homologous recombination. The level of XRCC3 protein was also sharply reduced in Rad51C-depleted HeLa cells, suggesting that XRCC3 is dependent for its stability upon heterodimerization with Rad51C. In addition, Rad51C-depleted HeLa cells showed hypersensitivity to the DNA-cross-linking agent mitomycin C and moderately increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Importantly, the radiosensitivity of Rad51C-deficient HeLa cells was evident in S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle but not in G1 phase. Together, these results provide direct cellular evidence for the function of human Rad51C in homologous recombinational repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - GENETIC recombination
KW  - VERTEBRATES
KW  - SMALL interfering RNA
KW  - HELA cells
N1  - Accession Number: 14789592; Yi-Ching Lio 1,2; Email Address: YLio@lbl.gov Sehild, David 1 Brenneman, Mark A. 3 Redpath, J. Leslie 2 Chen, David J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697  3: Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 40, p42313; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: GENETIC recombination; Subject Term: VERTEBRATES; Subject Term: SMALL interfering RNA; Subject Term: HELA cells; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M405212200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, H. Floyd
AU  - Jinian Shu
AU  - Peterka, Darcy S.
AU  - Ahmed, Musahid
T1  - Crossed beams study of the reaction 1CH2+C2H2→C3H3+H.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 6254
EP  - 6257
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The reaction of electronically excited singlet methylene (1CH2) with acetylene (C2H2) was studied using the method of crossed molecular beams at a mean collision energy of 3.0 kcal/mol. The angular and velocity distributions of the propargyl radical (C3H3) products were measured using single photon ionization (9.6 eV) at the advanced light source. The measured distributions indicate that the mechanism involves formation of a long-lived C3H4 complex followed by simple C-H bond fission producing C3H3+H. This work, which is the first crossed beams study of a reaction involving an electronically excited polyatomic molecule, demonstrates the feasibility of crossed molecular beam studies of reactions involving 1CH2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBENES (Methylene compounds)
KW  - ACETYLENE
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - POLYATOMIC molecules
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - MOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 14546149; Davis, H. Floyd 1 Jinian Shu 2 Peterka, Darcy S. 2 Ahmed, Musahid 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 13, p6254; Subject Term: CARBENES (Methylene compounds); Subject Term: ACETYLENE; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: POLYATOMIC molecules; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: MOLECULES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785152
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Osterwaider, Andreas
AU  - Nee, Matthew J.
AU  - Jia Zhou
AU  - Neurnark, Daniel M.
T1  - High resolution photodetachment spectroscopy of negative ions via slow photoelectron imaging.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 6317
EP  - 6322
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A technique for high resolution anion photodetachment spectroscopy is presented that combines velocity map imaging and anion threshold photodetachment. This method, slow electron velocity-map imaging, provides spectral line widths of better than 1 meV. Spectra over a substantial range of electron kinetic energies are recorded in a single image, providing a dramatic reduction of data acquisition time compared to other techniques with comparable resolution. We apply this technique to atomic iodine and the van der Waals cluster I. CO2 as test systems, and then to the prereactive Cl . D2 complex where partially resolved structure assigned to hindered rotor motion is observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTODETACHMENT threshold spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HIGH resolution spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - IODINE
N1  - Accession Number: 14546140; Osterwaider, Andreas 1,2 Nee, Matthew J. 1,2 Jia Zhou 1,2 Neurnark, Daniel M. 1,2; Email Address: dan@radon.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 13, p6317; Subject Term: PHOTODETACHMENT threshold spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HIGH resolution spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: IODINE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787491
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hua-Gen Yu
T1  - Converged quantum dynamics calculations of vibrational energies of CH4 and CH3D using an ab initio potential.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 6334
EP  - 6340
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Exact variational calculations of vibrational energies of CH4 and CH4D are carried out using a two-layer Lanczos algorithm based on the ab initio potential energy surface of D. W. Schwenke and H. Partridge, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 57, 887 (2001). The convergence of the calculated vibrational energies is discussed in detail. In addition, we report all well converged vibrational energy levels up to 6600 cm-1 for CH4, and those up to 5000 cm-1 for CH3 D, respectively. These results clearly outperform previous theoretical calculations. And a comparison with experimental results available is also made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - STOCHASTIC convergence
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14546138; Hua-Gen Yu 1; Email Address: hgy@bml.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000.; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 13, p6334; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: STOCHASTIC convergence; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789133
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jepsen, Richard
AU  - Roberts, Jesse
AU  - Gallani, Joseph
T1  - Erosion Measurements in Linear, Oscillatory, and Combined Oscillatory and Linear Flow Regimes.
JO  - Journal of Coastal Research
JF  - Journal of Coastal Research
Y1  - 2004///Fall2004
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1096
EP  - 1101
PB  - Allen Press Publishing Services Inc.
SN  - 07490208
AB  - Many contaminated sediments and dredged material mixtures of cohesive and non-cohesive sediments occur in wavedominated environments. In-situ analysis is imperative in understanding the erosion and transport of these sediments. Recent research efforts have developed a flume with unidirectional flow that can measure in-situ sediment erosion with depth (SEDflume). However, the flow regime for the SEDflume has limited applicability to wave-dominated environments. Therefore, a unique device, called the SEAWOLF flume, was developed and used by Sandia National Laboratories to simulate high-shear stress erosion processes experienced in coastal waters where wave forcing dominates the system. The SEAWOLF is capable of testing in-situ or laboratory prepared cores. Erosion rates of cohesive and non-cohesive sediments prepared in the laboratory were determined in oscillatory and combined oscillatory and linear flow regimes. Results of these tests were compared to results from the unidirectional SEDflume. Although maximum shear stresses for oscillatory flows were as high as 7 Pa for the tests, the associated erosion rate for specific sediment over the entire wave cycle were comparable to much lower shear stresses found for constant, linear flows. For example, sediment exposed to a maximum of 7 Pa over a 15 s period resulted in erosion rates similar to results for a constant linear shear stress of 3.4 Pa. Analysis of results for all sediments tested led to a determination of values for an effective shear stress that relates wave-induced erosion to linear flow induced erosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Coastal Research is the property of Allen Press Publishing Services Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTAMINATED sediments
KW  - EROSION
KW  - SEDIMENTS (Geology)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL degradation
KW  - SOIL conservation
KW  - POLLUTION
KW  - SEDflume.
KW  - sediment
KW  - Wavws
N1  - Accession Number: 15223133; Jepsen, Richard 1 Roberts, Jesse 2 Gallani, Joseph 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories Mechanical Environments PO Box 5800, MS 1135 Albuquerque, NM 87185.  2: Sandia National Laboratories Carlsbad Programs Group 4100 National Parks Highway Carlsbad, NM, 88220.  3: US Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory CEWES-CC-D 3909 Halls Ferry Rd. Vicksburg. MS, 39180.; Source Info: Fall2004, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p1096; Subject Term: CONTAMINATED sediments; Subject Term: EROSION; Subject Term: SEDIMENTS (Geology); Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL degradation; Subject Term: SOIL conservation; Subject Term: POLLUTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEDflume.; Author-Supplied Keyword: sediment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wavws; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, H.H.
AU  - Salve, R.
AU  - Wang, J.S.
AU  - Bodvarsson, G.S.
AU  - Hudson, D.
T1  - Field investigation into unsaturated flow and transport in a fault: model analyses
JO  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 74
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 59
SN  - 01697722
AB  - Results of a fault test performed in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, were analyzed using a three-dimensional numerical model. The fault was explicitly represented as a discrete feature and the surrounding rock was treated as a dual-continuum (fracture–matrix) system. Model calibration against seepage and water-travel-velocity data suggests that lithophysal cavities connected to fractures can considerably enhance the effective fracture porosity and therefore retard water flow in fractures. Comparisons between simulation results and tracer concentration data also indicate that matrix diffusion is an important mechanism for solute transport in unsaturated fractured rock. We found that an increased fault–matrix and fracture–matrix interface areas were needed to match the observed tracer data, which is consistent with previous studies. The study results suggest that the current site-scale model for the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain may underestimate radionuclide transport time within the unsaturated zone, because an increased fracture–matrix interface area and the increased effective fracture porosity arising from lithophysal cavities are not considered in the current site-scale model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Numerical analysis
KW  - Nuclear engineering
KW  - Nevada
KW  - United States
KW  - Fault
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Matrix
N1  - Accession Number: 14374512; Liu, H.H. 1; Email Address: hhliu@lbl.gov; Salve, R. 1; Wang, J.S. 1; Bodvarsson, G.S. 1; Hudson, D. 2; Affiliations: 1: Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road-Mailstop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: U.S. Geological Survey, Sacramento, CA, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 74 Issue 1-4, p39; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Numerical analysis; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear engineering; Subject: Nevada; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fault; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Matrix; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2004.02.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCarty, K.F.
AU  - Bartelt, N.C.
T1  - Crystal growth rate limited by step length — the case of oxygen-deficient TiO2 exposed to oxygen
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 270
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 691
EP  - 698
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Abstract: We study how an oxygen-deficient crystal of TiO2 crystal grows when exposed to O2. While the O flux is external to the crystal, the Ti flux necessary for growth comes from internal (bulk) interstitials (Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (1996) 791). We address where the reaction between O and Ti to form new crystal takes place in the regime of pure step flow (i.e., surface steps advancing without new-layers nucleating). The detailed partitioning of the growth flux among individual surface steps is studied using low-energy electron microscopy for two geometries on the (110) surface—an array of islands on a terrace and an island stack generated from a dislocation source. For both geometries, the areas of islands larger than the critical size grow at rates strictly proportional to their perimeter length, independent of the local step configuration. In addition, we find that the growth rate is proportional to the O2 pressure. The step flow represents a simple limiting case of crystal growth (Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A. 243 (1951) 299)—only the growth species near a step edge becomes incorporated into the crystal. That is, only Ti and O reactions near the step edge lead to crystal growth. This case is in marked contrast to crystal growth controlled by species attaching to terraces and diffusing to steps, for which the growth rates depend upon the local step environment. Indeed, simulating the island array as if the growth flux was partitioned among the individual islands by concentration gradients (i.e., diffusion-controlled growth) totally failed to reproduce the experimental rates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - A1. Growth models
KW  - A2. Growth from vapor
KW  - B1. Oxides
N1  - Accession Number: 19296208; McCarty, K.F.; Email Address: mccarty@sandia.gov Bartelt, N.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9161, PO BOX 969, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 270 Issue 3/4, p691; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Growth models; Author-Supplied Keyword: A2. Growth from vapor; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Oxides; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.06.041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Hoffman, D. Mark
AU  - Chandler, Jeffrey B.
T1  - Aspects of the Tribology of the Plastic Bonded Explosive (PBX) 9404∗.
JO  - Journal of Energetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Energetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct-Dec2004
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 199
EP  - 216
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 07370652
AB  - The coefficient of friction,μ, of PBX 9404 was measured on stainless steel, aluminum, polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE), and the explosive itself between ambient and 135°C at a rotational speed of 0.0025&ThickSpace;rad/s. The mean surface roughness,R a , of the various materials was analyzed by an optical profilometer. For PBX 9404 on stainless steel,μincreased from 0.22 at 25 °C to 0.34 at 95 °C, then decreased to about 0.23 at 125 °C. With aluminumμincreased from about 0.08 at 25 °C to 0.48 at 115 °C, then decreased slightly. Against PTFEμwas sigmoidal, increasing from about 0.3 at 25 °C to about at 0.49 above 115 °C. Against PBX 9404 itself,μaveraged 0.54 independent of temperature, but tended to increase during the measurement, probably because of adhesion of nitrocellulose to itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Energetic Materials is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRIBOLOGY
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - PROFILOMETER
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - initiation
KW  - mechanical properties
KW  - PBX
N1  - Accession Number: 15609992; Hoffman, D. Mark 1 Chandler, Jeffrey B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.; Source Info: Oct-Dec2004, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p199; Subject Term: TRIBOLOGY; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: PROFILOMETER; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: initiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBX; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Abstract
L3  - 10.1080/07370650490893036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeWald, Adrian T.
AU  - Rankin, Jon E.
AU  - Hill, Michael R.
AU  - Lee, Matthew J.
AU  - Hao-Lin Chen
T1  - Assessment of Tensile Residual Stress Mitigation in Alloy 22 Welds Due to Laser Peening.
JO  - Journal of Engineering Materials & Technology
JF  - Journal of Engineering Materials & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
EP  - 473
SN  - 00944289
AB  - This paper examines the effects of laser peening on Alloy 22 (UNS N06022), which is the proposed material for use as the outer layer on the spent-fuel nuclear waste canisters to be stored at Yucca Mountain. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is a primary concern in the design of these canisters because tensile residual stresses will be left behind by the closure weld. Alloy 22 is a nickel-based material that is particularly resistant to corrosion; however; there is a chance that stress corrosion cracking could develop given the right environmental conditions. Laser peening is an emerging surface treatment technology that has been identified as an effective tool for mitigating tensile redisual stresses in the storage canisters. The results of laser-peening experiments on Alloy 22 base material and a sample 33 mm thick double-V groove butt-weld made with gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) are presented. Residual stress profiles were measured in Alloy 22 base material using the slitting method (also known as the crack-compliance method), and a full 2D map of longitudinal residual stress was measured in the sample welds using the contour method. Laser peening was found to produce compressive residual stress to a depth of 3.8 mm in 20 mm thick base material coupons. The depth of compressive residual stress was found to have a significant dependence on the number of peening layers and a slight dependence on the level of irradiance. Additionally, laser peening produced compressive residual stresses to a depth of 4.3 mm in the 33 mm thick weld at the center of the weld bead where high levels of tensile stress were initially present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Engineering Materials & Technology is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOT peening
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
N1  - Accession Number: 15252304; DeWald, Adrian T. 1,2 Rankin, Jon E. 2 Hill, Michael R. 1; Email Address: mrhill@ucdavis.edu Lee, Matthew J. 1 Hao-Lin Chen 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 Laser Science and Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Laser Science and Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, ivermore, CA 94550; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p465; Subject Term: SHOT peening; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1789957
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
T1  - Effects of Nanophase Materials (≤20 nm) on Biological Responses.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 39
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 2691
EP  - 2705
SN  - 10934529
AB  - Nanophase materials have enhanced properties (thermal, mechanical, electrical, surface reactivity, etc.) not found in bulk materials. Intuitively, the enhancement of material properties could occur when the materials encounter biological specimens. Previous investigations of biological interactions with nanometer-scale materials have been very limited. With the ability to manipulate atoms and molecules, we now can create predefined nanostructures with unprecedented precision. In parallel with this development, improved understanding of the biological effects of the nanophase materials, whatever those may be, should also deserve attention. In this study, we have applied precision aerosol technology to investigate cellular response to nanoparticles. We used synthetic nanoparticles generated by an electrospray technique to produce nanoparticles in the size range of 8–13 nm with practically monodispersed aerosol particles and approximately the same number concentration. We report here on the potency of nano-metal particles with single or binary chemical components in eliciting interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from epithelial cell lines. For single-component nanoparticles, we found that nano-Cu particles were more potent in IL-8 production than nano-Ni and nano-V particles. However, the kinetics of IL-8 production by these three nanoparticles was different, the nano-Ni being the highest among the three. When sulfuric acid was introduced to form acidified nano-Ni particles, we found that the potency of such binary-component nanoparticles in eliciting IL-8 production was increased markedly, by about six times. However, the acidified binary nano-Na and -Mg nanoparticles did not exhibit the same effects as binary nano-Ni particles did. Since Ni, a transition metal, could induce free radicals on cell surfaces, while Na and Mg could not, the acidity might have enhanced the oxidative stress caused by radicals to the cells, leading to markedly higher IL-8 production. This result indicates the complexity of biological responses to nanoparticles. We believe that the exposure methodology and aerosol technology employed in our research will provide an effective means to systematically investigate cellular responses to nanoparticles, structured or unstructured, in ongoing research projects. Different cell lines, chemicals, and particle morphology can also be investigated using such a methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Science & Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - BIOLOGICAL response modifiers
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - CYTODIAGNOSIS
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - INTERLEUKIN-8
KW  - Cellular interaction.
KW  - Differential mobility analyzer
KW  - Electrospray
KW  - Interleukenes
KW  - Nanophase metals
N1  - Accession Number: 15123622; Cheng, Meng-Dawn 1; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov.; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 39 Issue 10, p2691; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL response modifiers; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: CYTODIAGNOSIS; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: INTERLEUKIN-8; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular interaction.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential mobility analyzer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrospray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interleukenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanophase metals; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/ESE-200027028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15123622&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhiyong Wei
AU  - Kok-Meng Lee
AU  - Tchikanda, Serge W.
AU  - Zhi Zhou
AU  - Siu-Ping Hong
T1  - Free Surface Flow in High Speed Fiber Drawing With Large-Diameter Glass Preforms.
JO  - Journal of Heat Transfer
JF  - Journal of Heat Transfer
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 126
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 713
EP  - 722
SN  - 00221481
AB  - This paper presents a complete two-dimensional (2D) thermofluid model for predicting the neck-down shape in the fiber drawing process. This model uses the controlled draw tension to calculate the Neumann boundary condition at the furnace exit; thus, it does not require specifying the speed (or diameter) of the fiber as most previous studies did. The model presented here can be applied to optimization of the high-speed draw process with large-diameter preforms. In this study, the radiative transfer equation is directly solved for the radiation fluxes using the discrete ordinate method coupled with the solution of the free surface flow, which does not assume that the glass is optically thick and does not neglect the glass absorption at the short-wavelength band. The artificial compressibility method is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations. A staggered-grid computation scheme that is shown to be efficient and robust was used to reduce the computation load in solving the complete 2D model. The neck-down profile of a large preform (9 cm dia) drawn at a relatively high speed of 25 m/s was experimentally measured. The measured profile well matches that derived numerically. Results also show that the free surface calculated using the Dirichlet boundary condition deviates considerably from the measured profile, particularly near the furnace exit where the actual diameter (and, hence, the speed of the glass) is essentially unknown. Although the difference between the numerical results obtained from the full and semi-2D models was small, this difference could be significant if the location at which the glass converges to 125 µm dia is of interest, especially when the preform has a large diameter drawn at a high speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Heat Transfer is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACES (Geometry)
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - GLASS
KW  - NEUMANN problem
KW  - FURNACES
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics) -- Discrete ordinates method
KW  - COMPRESSIBILITY
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - DIRICHLET principle
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 15392642; Zhiyong Wei 1; Email Address: gte384w@prism.gatech.edu Kok-Meng Lee 1; Email Address: kokmeng.lee@me.gatech.edu Tchikanda, Serge W. 2 Zhi Zhou 3; Email Address: zhizhou@ofsoptics.com Siu-Ping Hong 3; Email Address: shong@ofsoptics.com; Affiliation:  1: The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405  2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9161, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550  3: OFS, Norcross, GA 30071; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 126 Issue 5, p713; Subject Term: SURFACES (Geometry); Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: GLASS; Subject Term: NEUMANN problem; Subject Term: FURNACES; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics) -- Discrete ordinates method; Subject Term: COMPRESSIBILITY; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: DIRICHLET principle; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416120 Plumbing, heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423720 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236210 Industrial Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1795237
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15392642&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liang, Xu
AU  - Guo, Jianzhong
AU  - Leung, L. Ruby
T1  - Assessment of the effects of spatial resolutions on daily water flux simulations
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 298
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 310
SN  - 00221694
AB  - Impacts of spatially distributed precipitation and soil heterogeneity on modeling water fluxes at different spatial resolutions are investigated using the Three-layer Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC-3L) land surface model at the Blue River watershed in Oklahoma. In this study, hourly grid-based NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) Stage III radar precipitation data approximately at 4×4 km2 resolution are used to compute daily precipitation at spatial resolutions of 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2 and 1 degree based on an area weighted average method. Soil parameters at the corresponding six spatial resolutions are derived from the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) soil data. The forcing data of daily maximum and minimum temperature, wind speed, and vegetation parameters are disaggregated/aggregated directly to finer/coarser spatial resolutions based on the University of Washington (UW) data, which are gridded at 1/8 degree spatial resolution. Our study suggests that a critical spatial resolution for the VIC-3L model may exist for the study watershed. For spatial resolutions finer than the critical resolution, one does not necessarily obtain better model performance in terms of runoff, evapotranspiration, and total zone soil moisture with increasing spatial resolution if the VIC-3L model parameters are calibrated at each spatial resolution. Also, model parameters calibrated at a coarse resolution can be applied to finer resolutions to obtain generally comparable results. However, model parameters calibrated at finer resolutions cannot result in comparable results when applied to resolutions coarser than the identified critical resolution. In addition, while soil moisture of the total zone is more sensitive to the spatial distributions of soil properties, runoff and evaporation are more sensitive to the spatial distribution of daily precipitation at the watershed being studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUNOFF
KW  - STREAMFLOW
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Land surface model
KW  - Model calibration
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Spatial scales
N1  - Accession Number: 14103187; Liang, Xu 1; Email Address: liang@ce.berkeley.edu Guo, Jianzhong 1 Leung, L. Ruby 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 298 Issue 1-4, p287; Subject Term: RUNOFF; Subject Term: STREAMFLOW; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land surface model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Model calibration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Runoff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil moisture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial scales; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.07.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guo, Jianzhong
AU  - Liang, Xu
AU  - Ruby Leung, L.
T1  - Impacts of different precipitation data sources on water budgets
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 298
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
EP  - 334
SN  - 00221694
AB  - Radar and rain-gauge precipitation datasets are used to explore the impacts of different precipitation data sources on water budgets simulated by the Three-Layer Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC-3L) land surface model over the watershed of the Illinois River at Watts, Oklahoma. Hourly grid-based NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) Stage III precipitation data (approximately 4×4 km2) were aggregated in time and space to daily precipitation at 1/8 degree and compared to the University of Washington (UW) daily precipitation data, which were gridded at 1/8 degree based on rain-gauge precipitation data. Comparisons of the temporal cumulative precipitation magnitudes indicate that the NEXRAD precipitation is smaller than the UW data and the rain gauge measurements. Hyetographs obtained from the NEXRAD data in general appear to be narrower with higher peaks. In addition, the NEXRAD data are better in capturing the precipitation spatial distributions than the UW data.Investigations of water fluxes based on simulations forced by the two types of precipitation datasets suggest that realistic streamflow simulations, compared to the observed daily streamflow at the outlet of the Illinois River at Watts, can be obtained if model parameters are calibrated. Compared to soil moisture of the total zone, runoff and evapotranspiration are more sensitive to the temporal and spatial distributions of precipitation, with runoff being most sensitive. Also, runoff and evapotranspiration obtained based on the NEXRAD precipitation data show more spatial heterogeneities than those obtained by using the UW precipitation data. Moreover, the magnitudes of the components of the water budget can be strongly impacted by the VIC-3L calibrated parameters, but their spatial distribution patterns may not be significantly affected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADAR
KW  - RUNOFF
KW  - STREAMFLOW
KW  - HETEROGENEITY
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Land surface model
KW  - Radar precipitation
KW  - Rain gauge precipitation
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Soil moisture
N1  - Accession Number: 14103188; Guo, Jianzhong 1 Liang, Xu 1; Email Address: liang@ce.berkeley.edu Ruby Leung, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 298 Issue 1-4, p311; Subject Term: RADAR; Subject Term: RUNOFF; Subject Term: STREAMFLOW; Subject Term: HETEROGENEITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land surface model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radar precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rain gauge precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Runoff; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil moisture; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.08.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guo, Jianzhong
AU  - Liang, Xu
AU  - Ruby Leung, L.
T1  - Impacts of different precipitation data sources on water budgets
JO  - Journal of Hydrology
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 298
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
EP  - 334
SN  - 00221694
AB  - Radar and rain-gauge precipitation datasets are used to explore the impacts of different precipitation data sources on water budgets simulated by the Three-Layer Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC-3L) land surface model over the watershed of the Illinois River at Watts, Oklahoma. Hourly grid-based NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) Stage III precipitation data (approximately 4×4 km2) were aggregated in time and space to daily precipitation at 1/8 degree and compared to the University of Washington (UW) daily precipitation data, which were gridded at 1/8 degree based on rain-gauge precipitation data. Comparisons of the temporal cumulative precipitation magnitudes indicate that the NEXRAD precipitation is smaller than the UW data and the rain gauge measurements. Hyetographs obtained from the NEXRAD data in general appear to be narrower with higher peaks. In addition, the NEXRAD data are better in capturing the precipitation spatial distributions than the UW data.Investigations of water fluxes based on simulations forced by the two types of precipitation datasets suggest that realistic streamflow simulations, compared to the observed daily streamflow at the outlet of the Illinois River at Watts, can be obtained if model parameters are calibrated. Compared to soil moisture of the total zone, runoff and evapotranspiration are more sensitive to the temporal and spatial distributions of precipitation, with runoff being most sensitive. Also, runoff and evapotranspiration obtained based on the NEXRAD precipitation data show more spatial heterogeneities than those obtained by using the UW precipitation data. Moreover, the magnitudes of the components of the water budget can be strongly impacted by the VIC-3L calibrated parameters, but their spatial distribution patterns may not be significantly affected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Streamflow
KW  - Radar
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Land surface model
KW  - Radar precipitation
KW  - Rain gauge precipitation
KW  - Soil moisture
N1  - Accession Number: 14103188; Guo, Jianzhong 1; Liang, Xu 1; Email Address: liang@ce.berkeley.edu; Ruby Leung, L. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 298 Issue 1-4, p311; Thesaurus Term: Runoff; Thesaurus Term: Streamflow; Subject Term: Radar; Subject Term: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Land surface model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radar precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rain gauge precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Soil moisture; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.08.020
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wuchina, E.
AU  - Opeka, M.
AU  - Causey, S.
AU  - Buesking, K.
AU  - Spain, J.
AU  - Cull, A.
AU  - Routbort, J.
AU  - Guitierrez-Mora, F.
T1  - Designing for ultrahigh-temperature applications: The mechanical and thermal properties of HfB2, HfCx, HfNx and αHf(N).
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 39
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5939
EP  - 5949
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - The thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, Young's Modulus, flexural strength, and brittle-plastic deformation transition temperature were determined for HfB2, HfC0.98, HfC0.67, and HfN0.92 ceramics. The mechanical behavior of αHf(N) solid solutions was also studied. The thermal conductivity of modified HfB2 exceeded that of the other materials by a factor of 5 at room temperature and by a factor of 2.5 at 820°C. The transition temperature of HfC exhibited a strong stoichiometry dependence, decreasing from 2200°C for HfC0.98 to 1100°C for HfC0.67 ceramics. The transition temperature of HfB2 was 1100°C. Pure HfB2 was found to have a strength of 340 MPa in 4 point bending, that was constant from room temperature to 1600°C, while a HfB2 + 10% HfCx had a higher room temperature bend strength of 440 MPa, but that dropped to 200 MPa at 1600°C. The data generated by this effort was inputted into finite element models to predict material response in internally heated nozzle tests. The theoretical model required accurate material properties, realistic thermal boundary conditions, transient heat transfer analysis, and a good understanding of the displacement constraints. The results of the modeling suggest that HfB2 should survive the high thermal stresses generated during the nozzle test primarily because of its superior thermal conductivity. The comparison the theoretical failure calculations to the observed response in actual test conditions show quite good agreement implying that the behavior of the design is well understood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - HEAT conduction
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 14426332; Wuchina, E. 1; Email Address: wuchinaej@nswccd.navy.mil Opeka, M. 2 Causey, S. 3 Buesking, K. 4 Spain, J. 3 Cull, A. 3 Routbort, J. 5 Guitierrez-Mora, F. 6; Affiliation:  1: Naval Surface Warfare Center, W. Bethesda, MD, USA.  2: Naval Surface Warfare Center, W. Bethesda, MD, USA  3: Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL, USA  4: Materials Research & Design, Philadelphia, PA, USA  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  6: University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 39 Issue 19, p5939; Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: HEAT conduction; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwab, S. T.
AU  - Stewart, C. A.
AU  - Dudeck, K. W.
AU  - Kozmina, S. M.
AU  - Katz, J. D.
AU  - Bartram, B.
AU  - Wuchina, E. J.
AU  - Kroenke, W. J.
AU  - Courtin, G.
T1  - Polymeric precursors to refractory metal borides.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 39
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 6051
EP  - 6055
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - Polymeric precursors to zirconium and hafnium diboride are described. Initial studies concentrated on carbothermal/borothermal reduction of metal alkoxides; however, improved results were obtained from oxide free-precursors prepared from the metal borohydride and borazine. The metal borides are obtained in good chemical and ceramic yield upon pyrolysis, and the polymeric precursors obtained through the reaction of borazine with the metal borohydride exhibit viscosities amenable to use as preceramic binders in powder processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERIC composites
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - CHEMICAL reduction
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ALKOXIDES
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 14426321; Schwab, S. T. 1; Email Address: stschwab@twrol.com Stewart, C. A. 2 Dudeck, K. W. 2 Kozmina, S. M. 2 Katz, J. D. 3 Bartram, B. 3 Wuchina, E. J. 4 Kroenke, W. J. 5 Courtin, G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Thor Technologies, Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87107-1731, USA.  2: Thor Technologies, Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87107-1731, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  4: Naval Surface Warfare Center—Carderock Division, West Bethesda, Maryland 20817, USA  5: The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 39 Issue 19, p6051; Subject Term: POLYMERIC composites; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reduction; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ALKOXIDES; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Howard, B.H.
AU  - Killmeyer, R.P.
AU  - Rothenberger, K.S.
AU  - Cugini, A.V.
AU  - Morreale, B.D.
AU  - Enick, R.M.
AU  - Bustamante, F.
T1  - Hydrogen permeance of palladium–copper alloy membranes over a wide range of temperatures and pressures
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 241
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 218
SN  - 03767388
AB  - The permeance of Pd–Cu alloys containing 40, 53, 60, and 80 wt.% Pd has been determined over the 623–1173 K temperature range for H2 partial pressure differences as great as 2.6 MPa. Pure palladium and copper membranes were also evaluated. The Pd–Cu alloys exhibited predictable permeances that reflected the crystalline phase structures as shown in the binary phase diagram. Under conditions of face-centered-cubic (fcc) stability, the permeance increased steadily with palladium content, approaching the permeance of pure palladium membranes. The 53 and 60 wt.% Pd alloys were evaluated at temperatures within the body-centered-cubic (bcc) stability region. For both alloys, the bcc permeance was several times greater than the fcc permeance with the 60 wt.% Pd bcc permeance at 623 K reaching about 70% of the permeance of palladium. These bcc alloys were subjected to temperature increases during testing that resulted in transition from bcc to fcc, followed by temperature decreases that should revert the alloys to bcc. The permeances dropped abruptly during the transition from bcc to fcc. However, on cooling back to the bcc stability region, neither the 60 nor 53 wt.% Pd alloy completely regained a bcc permeance during the test period. All of the Pd–Cu alloys subjected to testing at 1173 K showed some permeance decline that was attributed to intermetallic diffusion between the membrane and support. The application of a diffusion barrier between the support and membrane foil in a 53 wt.% Pd permeance test successfully blocked the intermetallic diffusion and prevented degredation of the membrane’s performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - GASES -- Separation
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - Gas separations
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Inorganic membranes
KW  - Metal membranes
KW  - Palladium–copper
N1  - Accession Number: 14035100; Howard, B.H. 1; Email Address: bret.howard@netl.doe.gov Killmeyer, R.P. 1 Rothenberger, K.S. 1 Cugini, A.V. 1 Morreale, B.D. 2 Enick, R.M. 3 Bustamante, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  2: NETL Site Support Contractor, Parsons Project Services Inc., P.O. Box 618, South Park, PA 15129, USA  3: NETL Research Associate, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 241 Issue 2, p207; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: GASES -- Separation; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inorganic membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium–copper; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.04.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morreale, B.D.
AU  - Ciocco, M.V.
AU  - Howard, B.H.
AU  - Killmeyer, R.P.
AU  - Cugini, A.V.
AU  - Enick, R.M.
T1  - Effect of hydrogen-sulfide on the hydrogen permeance of palladium–copper alloys at elevated temperatures
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 241
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 219
EP  - 224
SN  - 03767388
AB  - The hydrogen permeance of several 0.1 mm thick Pd–Cu alloy foils (80 wt.% Pd–20 wt.% Cu, 60 wt.% Pd–40 wt.% Cu and 53 wt.% Pd–47 wt.% Cu) was evaluated using transient flux measurements at temperatures ranging from 603 to 1123 K and pressures up to 620 kPa both in the presence and absence of 1000 ppm H2S. Sulfur resistance, as evidenced by no significant change in permeance, was correlated with the temperatures associated with the face-centered-cubic crystalline structure for the alloys in this study. The permeance of the body-centered cubic phase, however, was up to two orders of magnitude lower when exposed to H2S. A smooth transition from sulfur poisoning to sulfur resistance with increasing temperature was correlated with the alloy transition from a body-centered-cubic structure to a face-centered-cubic structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GASES -- Separation
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - Gas separations
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Hydrogen-sulfide
KW  - Metal membranes
KW  - Palladium–copper
N1  - Accession Number: 14035101; Morreale, B.D. 1; Email Address: bryan.morreale@pp.netl.doe.gov Ciocco, M.V. 1 Howard, B.H. 2 Killmeyer, R.P. 2 Cugini, A.V. 2 Enick, R.M. 3; Affiliation:  1: NETL Support Contractor, Parsons Project Services Inc., P.O. Box 618, South Park, Pittsburgh, PA 15129, USA  2: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  3: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, ORISE Faculty Fellow, NETL, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 241 Issue 2, p219; Subject Term: GASES -- Separation; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen-sulfide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium–copper; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.04.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miller
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Klippenstein
AU  - S. J.
T1  - Some Observations Concerning Detailed Balance in Association/Dissociation Reactions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 108
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 8296
EP  - 8306
SN  - 10895639
AB  - In this article we discuss the chemical kinetics of reversible association/dissociation reactions at great length. We find that, as long as the characteristic time for internal-energy relaxation is faster (not necessarily much faster) than that for chemical reaction, there will be a period of time, perhaps only late in the reaction but before equilibrium is reached, during which phenomenological rate laws will apply with rate coefficients that satisfy detailed balance. The nonequilibrium factor, fne, originally introduced by Smith, McEwan, and Gilbert (J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 90, 4265-4273) is not a measure of the degree to which detailed balance is satisfied by the association and dissociation rate coefficients. It is simply the fractional contribution to the “long-time” association rate coefficient, kadd, of the slowest-relaxing eigenmode of the system. That is, 1 - fne is the fractional contribution to the same rate coefficient of the internal-energy relaxation modes. The standard practice of taking the dissociation rate coefficient, kd, to be equal to that for irreversible dissociation is accurate as long as γ ≡ Keqnm(1 - fne) ≪ 1, where Keq is the equilibrium constant for the association reaction, and nm is the concentration of the excess reactant under pseudo first-order conditions for the association reaction. Both rate coefficients, kadd and kd, show a very weak composition dependence, i.e., dependence on nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 15610837; Miller J. A. 1 Klippenstein S. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551-0969; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 40, p8296; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krasnoperov
AU  - L. N.
AU  - Michael
AU  - J. V.
T1  - High-Temperature Shock Tube Studies Using Multipass Absorption:  Rate Constant Results for OH + CH3, OH + CH2, and the Dissociation of CH3OH.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 108
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 8317
EP  - 8323
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The reflected shock tube technique with multipass absorption spectrometric detection has been used to study the reactions of OH radicals:  (1) OH + CH3 → 1CH2 + H2O, (2) OH + 3CH2 → CH2O + H, and the thermal dissociation of methanol, (3) CH3OH → CH3 + OH. (1) has never been studied above 1000 K, (2) has never been studied, and (3) has been studied but with conflicting results. Depending on conditions, all three reactions can be important in combustion systems, and this realization supplies the motivation for the present study. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, methanol, and methyl iodide were used as pyrolytic precursors of hydroxyl and methyl radicals. Methylene was produced by the pyrolysis of ketene. The experiments were performed in single-shot experiments with low initial concentrations of hydroxyl radicals, [OH]0 = (4.5-130) × 1012 molecules cm-3. [OH]t was measured with resonance absorption around 308 nm. The measured rate constants are k1 = 1.74 × 10-11 exp(915 K/T) (834-2383 K), k2 = (2.6 ± 1.6) × 10-11 (1841-2324 K), and k3 = 4.39 × 10-8 exp(-31 938 K/T), all in cm3 molecule-1 s-1. In addition, the yield of OH radicals in the pyrolysis of methanol was determined, 0.94 ± 0.09 (1841-2309 K). Where possible, these results are compared to earlier data and estimates. Existing theory is also reviewed and compared to the present results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - MOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 15610839; Krasnoperov L. N. 1 Michael J. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102 and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 40, p8317; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: MOLECULES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu
AU  - P.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Muckerman
AU  - J. T.
T1  - Desulfurization of SO2 and Thiophene on Surfaces and Nanoparticles of Molybdenum Carbide:  Unexpected Ligand and Steric Effects.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 108
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 15662
EP  - 15670
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The destruction of S-containing molecules is a very important issue in the chemical industry and the control of environmental pollution. The desulfurization of sulfur dioxide and thiophene on molybdenum carbide surfaces, α-Mo2C(001) and δ-MoC(001), and on a Mo8C12 nanoparticle was studied with density functional theory. Our study reveals unexpected ligand and steric effects. The Mo8C12 nanoparticle behaves as actively as α-Mo2C(001) toward SO2 despite the high C/Mo ratio and C2 groups. In contrast, SO2 bonds weakly with δ-MoC(001). Spontaneous S-O bond cleavage was observed on both Mo8C12 and α-Mo2C(001). Contrary to common assumptions, the C atoms are not simple spectators and play a key role in the energetics for the dissociation of SO2. In the case of thiophene adsorption, only α-Mo2C(001) exhibits a high chemical activity that leads to a spontaneous S-C bond cleavage. The interaction of thiophene with both δ-MoC(001) and Mo8C12 is weak. On the nanoparticle, steric repulsion between the C2 groups and thiophene overcomes the high reactivity of the Mo atoms in corner or edge sites. Our results illustrate the interplay of ligand and steric effects in nanoparticles of metal compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIOPHENES
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - CARBIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 15995081; Liu P. 1 Rodriguez J. A. 1 Muckerman J. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 555, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 40, p15662; Subject Term: THIOPHENES; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: CARBIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwartz
AU  - V.
AU  - Mullins
AU  - D. R.
AU  - Yan
AU  - W.
AU  - Chen
AU  - B.
AU  - Dai
AU  - S.
AU  - Overbury
AU  - S. H.
T1  - XAS Study of Au Supported on TiO2:  Influence of Oxidation State and Particle Size on Catalytic Activity.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 108
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 15782
EP  - 15790
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The effect of synthesis and reaction conditions on the structure and activity of Au clusters supported on nanocrystalline and mesoporous TiO2 was investigated. X-ray absorption spectroscopy was applied to correlate the particle size and the oxidation state with several parameters, such as pH of the precursor solution, Au loading, pretreatment, and support structure. The study using mesoporous TiO2 as the support shows that lower Au loadings resulted in bigger Au aggregates with lower reducibility. The high activity state for Au supported in different allotropic forms of TiO2 corresponds to Au in a fully reduced state. Furthermore, once reduced, no reoxidation occurs under reaction conditions, even after flowing air at higher temperatures (150 and 300 °C). Therefore, our results indicate that oxidized Au is not necessary for high activity. The activity decreased with particle growth, and, compared to the other allotropic TiO2, Au on brookite exhibited no significant particle agglomeration and was the most active catalyst after treatment at 300 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 15995096; Schwartz V. 1 Mullins D. R. 1 Yan W. 1 Chen B. 1 Dai S. 1 Overbury S. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6201; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 40, p15782; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grossman
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Schwegler
AU  - E.
AU  - Galli
AU  - G.
T1  - Quantum and Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrophobic Hydration Structure around Small Solutes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 108
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 15865
EP  - 15872
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We present a combination of classical and first principles molecular dynamics simulations of hydrophobic hydration structure. Our results show that water molecules surrounding two small hydrophobic solutes are oriented in a similar fashion, and that the driving force for this orientation is the water-water interaction rather than the water-solute interaction. In contrast, the spatial distribution of water around the hydrophobic solute is strongly influenced by the solute, and the driving force for the observed distribution is largely a steric effect. In addition to the size and structure of the solute, we find that the spatial distribution of water is sensitive to pressure. Using quantum simulations as a benchmark for classical potentials, we evaluate the accuracy of several empirical based models in predicting detailed information regarding the structure of water around small hydrophobic solutes. Our results demonstrate that the radial and spatial distribution of water molecules around different solutes obtained classically and quantum mechanically agree rather well, indicating that classical potentials are well suited for examining these properties related to hydrophobic hydration structure. However, we do find that properties such as the angular distribution of water and hydrogen bond ring statistics agree to a lesser extent and depend strongly on the classical potential employed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - HYDROPHOBIC surfaces
KW  - HYDRATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15995107; Grossman J. C. 1 Schwegler E. 1 Galli G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 40, p15865; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: HYDROPHOBIC surfaces; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butler, Paul
AU  - Wagner, Cliff
AU  - Guidotti, Ron
AU  - Francis, Imelda
T1  - Long-life, multi-tap thermal battery development
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 136
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 240
EP  - 245
SN  - 03787753
AB  - This paper describes an effort to develop long-life, multi-tap thermal battery technology with a minimal weight and volume. The effort has several challenging goals. Some of the development goals include an activated life of at least one hour, four voltage sections, and the ability to sustain significant pulse loads at the end of life. In order to meet these goals, advanced materials were chosen for development. The thermal battery chemistry developed consists of lithium–silicon anodes, low-melting eutectic electrolyte/separators, and cobalt disulfide cathodes. Besides evolving the electrochemistry for this battery, there are several other design challenges such as fine-tuning the heat balance so as to allow the battery to sustain the extended duration discharge. In addition, to minimize volume, the battery can is configured in a tapered shape and consequently requires a tapered Min-K™ sleeve for insulation. A new igniter design is also being used. Finally, extremely narrow voltage ranges for each of the four voltage taps have contributed to the challenges facing development engineers. This paper includes a summary of the battery design and presents test data from pre-prototype units. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTROCHEMISTRY
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - Cobalt sulfide
KW  - Lithium–silicon
KW  - Molten salt electrolytes
KW  - Thermal batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 14428282; Butler, Paul; Email Address: pcbutle@sandia.gov Wagner, Cliff 1 Guidotti, Ron 1 Francis, Imelda 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS0613, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0614, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 136 Issue 2, p240; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobalt sulfide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium–silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molten salt electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guidotti, Ronald A.
AU  - Reinhardt, Frederick W.
AU  - Odinek, Judy
T1  - Overview of high-temperature batteries for geothermal and oil/gas borehole power sources
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 136
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 257
EP  - 262
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Batteries currently used as power supplies for measurement while drilling (MWD) equipment in boreholes for oil and gas exploration use a modified lithium/thionyl chloride technology. These batteries are limited to operating temperatures below 200 °C. At higher temperatures, the batteries and the associated electronics must be protected by a dewar. Sandia National Laboratories has been actively engaged in developing suitable alternative technologies for geothermal and oil/gas borehole power sources that are based on both ionic liquid and solid-state electrolytes. In this paper, we present the results of our studies to date and the directions of future efforts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - GAS as fuel
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - Applications/drilling/bore holes
KW  - Solid-state batteries
KW  - Thermal batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 14428285; Guidotti, Ronald A.; Email Address: raguido@attglobal.net Reinhardt, Frederick W. 1 Odinek, Judy 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0614, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 136 Issue 2, p257; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: GAS as fuel; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Applications/drilling/bore holes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagasubramanian, G.
AU  - Doughty, D.H.
T1  - Electrical characterization of all-solid-state thin film batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 136
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 400
SN  - 03787753
AB  - All-solid-state thin film micro-batteries comprised of a lithium anode, lithium phosphorus oxy-nitride (LiPON) solid electrolyte and LixCoO2 cathode were evaluated at different temperatures from -50 to 80 °C for electrical behavior and impedance raise. The cell dimensions were ∼2 cm long, ∼1.5 cm wide and ∼15 μm thick. The rated capacity of the cells was about 400 μAh. The cells were cycled (charge/discharge) at room temperature over 100 times at a 0.25C rate. The charge and discharge cut-off voltages were 4.2 and 3.0 V, respectively. The cells did not show any capacity decay over 100 cycles. The measured capacity was 400 μAh. The coulombic efficiency was 1, which suggests that the cell reaction is free from any parasitic side reactions and the lithium intercalation and de-intercalation reaction is completely and totally reversible. These cells also have good high-rate performance at room temperature. For example, these cells discharged at a 2.5C rate delivered ∼90% of the capacity at a 0.25C rate. However, the delivered capacities even at a 0.25C rate at 80 and -50 °C were much lower than the room temperature capacity. Cells soaked at -50 °C were not damaged permanently as seen by the near normal behavior when returned to room temperature. However, cells heated to 80 °C were permanently damaged as seen by the lack of normal performance back at room temperature. Cell impedance was measured before and after cycling at different temperatures. The high-frequency resistance (generally ascribed to the electrolyte and other resistances in series with the electrolyte resistance) decreased with decreasing temperature. However, the interfacial resistance increased significantly with decreasing temperature. Further, the electrolyte resistance accounted for ∼2% of the total cell resistance. The cycled cells showed higher impedance than the uncycled cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE batteries
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - Coulombic efficiency
KW  - Discharge capacity
KW  - Impedance
KW  - Solid-state batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 14428306; Nagasubramanian, G.; Email Address: gnagasu@sandia.gov Doughty, D.H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, 2521 Lithium Battery R&D 1515, Albuquerque, NM 97185-0613, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 136 Issue 2, p395; Subject Term: STORAGE batteries; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulombic efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Discharge capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid-state batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Withers, Ray L.
AU  - Höche, Thomas
AU  - Liu, Yun
AU  - Esmaeilzadeh, Saeid
AU  - Keding, Ralf
AU  - Sales, Brian
T1  - A combined temperature-dependent electron and single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of the fresnoite compound Rb2V4+V25+O8
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 177
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3316
EP  - 3323
SN  - 00224596
AB  - High-purity Rb2V3O8 has been grown and temperature-dependent electron and single-crystal X-ray diffraction used to carefully investigate its fresnoite-type reciprocal lattice. In contrast to other recently investigated representatives of the fresnoite family of compounds, Rb2V3O8 is not incommensurately modulated with an incommensurate basal plane primary modulation wave vector given by q∼0.3 〈110〉*. A careful low-temperature electron diffraction study has, however, revealed the existence of weak incommensurate satellite reflections characterized by the primitive primary modulation wave vector q1∼0.16c*. The reciprocal space positioning of these incommensurate satellite reflections, the overall (3+1)-d superspace group symmetry, as well as the shapes of the refined displacement ellipsoids determined from single-crystal XRD refinement, are all consistent with their arising from a distinct type of condensed rigid unit modes (RUMs) of distortion of the Rb2V3O8 parent structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - Frozen RUM mode
KW  - Low-temperature average structure refinement
KW  - Low-temperature incommensurate phase transition
KW  - Rb2V3O8 fresnoite
KW  - Temperature-dependent electron diffraction study
N1  - Accession Number: 19236215; Withers, Ray L. 1; Email Address: withers@rsc.anu.edu.au Höche, Thomas 2 Liu, Yun 1 Esmaeilzadeh, Saeid 3 Keding, Ralf 4 Sales, Brian 5; Affiliation:  1: Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Building 35, Science Rd., ACT, 0200, Canberra, Australia  2: Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e.V., Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany  3: Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden  4: Otto-Schott-Institut für Glaschemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Fraunhoferstrasse 6, D-07743 Jena, Germany  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 177 Issue 10, p3316; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frozen RUM mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-temperature average structure refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-temperature incommensurate phase transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rb2V3O8 fresnoite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature-dependent electron diffraction study; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.05.056
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bobev, Svilen
AU  - Bauer, Eric D.
AU  - Thompson, Joe D.
AU  - Sarrao, John L.
AU  - Miller, Gordon J.
AU  - Eck, Bernhard
AU  - Dronskowski, Richard
T1  - Metallic behavior of the Zintl phase EuGe2: combined structural studies, property measurements, and electronic structure calculations
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 177
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3545
EP  - 3552
SN  - 00224596
AB  - The Zintl compound EuGe2 crystallizes in the trigonal space group <f>P&3macr;m1</f> (No. 164) with the CeCd2-structure type. Its structure can be formally derived from the hexagonal AlB2-structure type by a strong puckering of the hexagonal layers. The chemical bonding in EuGe2 can be rationalized according to the Zintl concept as (Eu2+)(Ge1-)2, since the europium atoms are divalent and each germanium atom receives one additional valence electron. In that sense, EuGe2 is expected to be a closed-shell compound with semiconducting behavior. However, temperature dependent resistivity measurements show EuGe2 to be metallic. Subsequently, detailed crystallographic studies revealed the structure and the composition of EuGe2 to be free of defects and impurities, which, along with the confirmed divalent oxidation state of the europium atoms by means of magnetic measurements, make EuGe2 another example of a metallic Zintl phase. These results are in good agreement with the results of electronic structure calculations such as TB-LMTO-ASA (LDA) and FLAPW (GGA), which reveal non-zero DOS at the Fermi level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - MAGNETIC measurements
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - DFT-calculations
KW  - Eu-magnet
KW  - EuGe2
KW  - Magnetic measurements
KW  - Rare-earth intermetallics
KW  - Zintl phases
N1  - Accession Number: 19236245; Bobev, Svilen 1; Email Address: sbobev@chem.udel.edu Bauer, Eric D. 1 Thompson, Joe D. 1 Sarrao, John L. 1 Miller, Gordon J. 2 Eck, Bernhard 3 Dronskowski, Richard 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  3: Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, 52056 Aachen, Germany; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 177 Issue 10, p3545; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: MAGNETIC measurements; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: DFT-calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eu-magnet; Author-Supplied Keyword: EuGe2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rare-earth intermetallics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zintl phases; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.06.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sanishvili, R.
AU  - Wu, R.
AU  - Kim, D.E.
AU  - Watson, J.D.
AU  - Collart, F.
AU  - Joachimiak, A.
T1  - Crystal structure of Bacillus subtilis YckF: structural and functional evolution
JO  - Journal of Structural Biology
JF  - Journal of Structural Biology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 148
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
EP  - 109
SN  - 10478477
AB  - The crystal structure of the YckF protein from Bacillus subtilis was determined with MAD phasing and refined at 1.95 Å resolution. YckF forms a tight tetramer both in crystals and in solution. Conservation of such oligomerization in other phosphate sugar isomerases indicates that the crystallographically observed tetramer is physiologically relevant. The structure of YckF was compared to with its ortholog from Methanococcus jannaschii, MJ1247. Both of these proteins have phosphate hexulose isomerase activity, although neither of the organisms can utilize methane or methanol as source of energy and/or carbon. Extensive sequence and structural similarities with MJ1247 and with the isomerase domain of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase from Escherichia coli allowed us to group residues contributing to substrate binding or catalysis. Few notable differences among these structures suggest possible cooperativity of the four active sites of the tetramer. Phylogenetic relationships between obligatory and facultative methylotrophs along with B. subtilis and E. coli provide clues about the possible evolution of genes as they loose their physiological importance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACILLUS subtilis
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - GENES
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - Catalytic Glu-152
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Diminished physiological role
KW  - Evolutionary pathway
KW  - Gene hybridization
KW  - MAD phasing
KW  - Oligomerization
KW  - Protein structure initiative
KW  - Putative active site
KW  - Tetramer
N1  - Accession Number: 14376698; Sanishvili, R. 1 Wu, R. 1 Kim, D.E. 2 Watson, J.D. 3 Collart, F. 2 Joachimiak, A. 1; Email Address: andrzejj@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Structural Biology Center and Midwest Center for Structural Genomics, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 202, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 436D, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: EMBL—European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 148 Issue 1, p98; Subject Term: BACILLUS subtilis; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalytic Glu-152; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diminished physiological role; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evolutionary pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene hybridization; Author-Supplied Keyword: MAD phasing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oligomerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein structure initiative; Author-Supplied Keyword: Putative active site; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetramer; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jsb.2004.04.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kogan, Shulim
AU  - Kaduchak, Gregory
AU  - Sinha, Dipen N.
T1  - Acoustic concentration of particles in piezoelectric tubes: Theoretical modeling of the effect of cavity shape and symmetry breaking.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1967
EP  - 1974
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A new class of simple, highly efficient, cylindrical acoustic concentration devices has been developed based upon cylindrical (or near cylindrical) geometries [Kaduchak et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 73, 1332-1336 (2002)] for aerosol concentration applications. The concentrators are constructed from single PZT tubes driven at or near the breathing mode resonance. Acoustic concentration of aerosols is performed within the tube cavity. It has been found that slight modifications to the cylindrical cavity geometry can significantly increase the collection efficiency and assist in precise particle positioning. This paper analyzes the theoretical framework for the acoustic concentration of particles in these devices for various geometrical perturbations. The cavity geometries studied are (1) hollow cylindrical piezoelectric tube, (2) hollow piezoelectric tube with an inner concentric solid cylinder insert, (3) a hollow piezoelectric tube with a concentric elliptic insert which breaks the circular-cylindrical symmetry, and (4) a hollow elliptic cylindrical piezoelectric tube. It is shown that breaking the circular symmetry within the cavity localizes the particles in small spatial regions within the cavity. This localization of particles may be very useful in applications requiring aerosol collection or particle stream positioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOUND -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC devices
KW  - CYLINDERS (Engines)
N1  - Accession Number: 20839734; Kogan, Shulim 1 Kaduchak, Gregory 1; Email Address: kaduchak@lanl.gov Sinha, Dipen N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D429, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p1967; Subject Term: SOUND -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: CYLINDERS (Engines); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1785613
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lehman, Sean K.
AU  - Norton, Stephen J.
T1  - Radial reflection diffraction tomography.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2158
EP  - 2172
SN  - 00014966
AB  - A wave-based tomographic imaging algorithm based upon a single rotating radially outward oriented transducer is developed. At successive angular locations at a fixed radius, the transducer launches a primary field and collects the backscattered field in a "pitch/catch" operation. The hardware configuration, operating mode, and data collection method are identical to that of most medical intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) systems. IVUS systems form images of the medium surrounding the probe based upon ultrasonic B scans, using a straight-ray model of sound propagation. The goal of this research is to develop a wave-based imaging algorithm using diffraction tomography techniques. Given the hardware configuration and the imaging method, this system is referred to as "radial reflection diffraction tomography." Two hardware configurations are considered: a multimonostatic mode using a single transducer as described above, and a multistatic mode consisting of a single transmitter and an aperture formed by multiple receivers. In this latter case, the entire source/receiver aperture rotates about the fixed radius. Practically, such a probe is mounted at the end of a catheter or snaking tube that can be inserted into a part or medium with the goal of forming images of the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. An analytic expression for the multimonostatic inverse is derived, but ultimately the new Hilbert space inverse wave (HSIW) algorithm is used to construct images using both operating modes. Applications include improved IVUS imaging, bore hole tomography, and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of parts with existing access holes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOUND waves -- Diffraction
KW  - TOMOGRAPHY
KW  - TRANSDUCERS
KW  - INTRAVASCULAR ultrasonography
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
N1  - Accession Number: 20839725; Lehman, Sean K. 1; Email Address: lehman2@llnl.gov Norton, Stephen J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-154, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94566  2: Geophex, Ltd., 605 Mercury Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p2158; Subject Term: SOUND waves -- Diffraction; Subject Term: TOMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: TRANSDUCERS; Subject Term: INTRAVASCULAR ultrasonography; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1785651
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bradley, David T.
AU  - Muehleisen, Ralph T.
AU  - Moore, Patrick W.
AU  - Gerstoft, Peter
AU  - Pishchalnikov, Yuri A.
AU  - Smith, Julius O.
AU  - Marsh, Alan H.
AU  - Migliori, Albert
AU  - Fischer, Raymond W.
AU  - Bent, Tessa C.
AU  - Dibazar, Alireza A.
AU  - Namarvar, Hassan H.
AU  - Heald, Gary J.
AU  - Hansen, Uwe J.
AU  - Bowles, Ann E.
AU  - Deutsch, Diana
AU  - Hua Lee
T1  - Architectural Acoustics: Coupled Volume Systems: Design Process and Implications.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2552
EP  - 2583
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Presents abstracts of studies on architectural acoustics presented at the 148th meeting of the Acoustical Society of America in San Diego, California, November 15-19, 2004.  "Comparison of real world measurements and computer model results for a dedicated coupled volume system," by David T. Bradley and Lily M. Wang; "Scale-model studies of reverberant energy decay in a coupled-room system," by Jason E. Summers, Rendell R. Torres and Yasushi Shimizu; "Five sensitivities of the coupled volume-double sloped system," by Michael Ermann.
KW  - ARCHITECTURAL acoustics
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - SOUND
KW  - ABSTRACTS
N1  - Accession Number: 20839769; Bradley, David T. 1 Muehleisen, Ralph T. 2 Moore, Patrick W. 3 Gerstoft, Peter 4 Pishchalnikov, Yuri A. 5 Smith, Julius O. 6 Marsh, Alan H. Migliori, Albert 7 Fischer, Raymond W. 8 Bent, Tessa C. 9 Dibazar, Alireza A. 10 Namarvar, Hassan H. 10 Heald, Gary J. 11 Hansen, Uwe J. 12 Bowles, Ann E. 13 Deutsch, Diana 14 Hua Lee 15; Affiliation:  1: Architectural Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1110 South 67th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68182-0681  2: Civil and Architectural Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3201 South Dearborn, Chicago, Illinois 60616  3: SPAWAR SSC-SD, 49620 Beluga Road, San Diego, California 92152-6506  4: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, Marine Physical Laboratory, 9500 Gillman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0238  5: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis Indiana 46202-5126  6: CCRMA, Music Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305  7: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  8: Noise Control Engineering Incorporated, 799 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821  9: Linguistics Department, Northwestern University, 2016 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208  10: University of Southern California, Biomedical Engineering, 2650 McClintock Street, Los Angeles, California 90089-1451  11: DSTL, Naval Systems, Winfrith Technology Centre, Dorset, Great Britain  12: Department of Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 47809  13: Hubbs Sea World Research Institute, 2595 Ingraham Street, San Diego, California 92109  14: Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093  15: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-2991; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p2552; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURAL acoustics; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: ABSTRACTS; Number of Pages: 32p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stinson, Michael R.
AU  - Hildebrand, John A.
AU  - Benjamin, Kim C.
AU  - Bissinger, George A.
AU  - Ludwigsen, Daniel O.
AU  - Murphy, William J.
AU  - Kaduchak, Gregory A.
AU  - Matula, Thomas J.
AU  - Li Xu
AU  - Russell, Daniel A.
AU  - Shah, Amee P.
AU  - Tiemann, Christopher O.
AU  - Worcester, Peter F.
AU  - Wang, Lily
AU  - Roy, Kenneth P.
AU  - Mapp, Peter A.
AU  - Moore, Sue E.
AU  - Roy, Ronald A.
AU  - Murray, Todd W.
AU  - Daigle, Gilles A.
T1  - Architectural Acoustics, Noise, Psychological and Physiological Acoustics, Speech Communication and Committee on Standards: Implementation of Classroom Acoustics I.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 116
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 2584
EP  - 2636
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Presents abstracts of studies on architectural acoustics presented at the 148th meeting of the Acoustical Society of America in San Diego, California, November 15-19, 2004.  "Forging improvements in classroom acoustical quality," by Angelo Bellomo; "Experiences implementing ANSI S12.60 in classrooms," by R. Kring Herbert and John Erdreich; "Source attenuating HVAC equipment--Just the facts," by Arthur Hallstrom; "Ten years of classroom acoustical design," by Angelo J. Campanella.
KW  - ARCHITECTURAL acoustics
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
KW  - SOUND
KW  - EDUCATION -- Abstracts
KW  - ARCHITECTURE
KW  - ABSTRACTS
N1  - Accession Number: 20839770; Stinson, Michael R. 1 Hildebrand, John A. 2 Benjamin, Kim C. 3 Bissinger, George A. 4 Ludwigsen, Daniel O. 5 Murphy, William J. 6 Kaduchak, Gregory A. 7 Matula, Thomas J. 8 Li Xu 9 Russell, Daniel A. 5 Shah, Amee P. 10 Tiemann, Christopher O. 11 Worcester, Peter F. 12 Wang, Lily 13 Roy, Kenneth P. 14 Mapp, Peter A. 15 Moore, Sue E. 16 Roy, Ronald A. 17 Murray, Todd W. 17 Daigle, Gilles A. 18; Affiliation:  1: National Research Council, Institute for Microstructural Science Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada  2: Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, Mail Code A-005, La Jolla, California 92093-0205  3: Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, Rhode Island 02840  4: Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858  5: Science and Mathematics Departments, Kettering University, 1700 West Third Avenue, Flint, Michigan 48504-4898  6: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226-1998  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  8: Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, 1013 NE 40th Street, Seattle, Washington 98105-6698  9: School of Hearing, Speech and Language Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701  10: School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, 1266 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, H3V 1C2 Canada  11: Applied Research Laboratory, University of Texas at Austin, P.O. Box 8029, Austin, Texas 78731-8029  12: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0225  13: Architectural Engineering, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Omaha, Nebraska 68182  14: Armstrong World Industries, Innovation Center, 2500 Columbia Avenue, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604  15: Mapp Associates, 5 Worthington Way, Colchester C03 4JZ United Kingdom  16: National Marine Mammal Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way, NE, Seattle, Washington 98115  17: Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215  18: Institute of Microstructural Science, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 116 Issue 4, p2584; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURAL acoustics; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: EDUCATION -- Abstracts; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURE; Subject Term: ABSTRACTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923110 Administration of Education Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611710 Educational Support Services; Number of Pages: 53p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saito, Hiroshi H.
AU  - Calloway Jr., T. Bond
AU  - Ferrara, Daro M.
AU  - Choi, Alexander S.
AU  - White, Thomas L.
AU  - Gibson Jr., Luther V.
AU  - Burdette, Mark A.
T1  - Regulatory Off-Gas Analysis from the Evaporation of Hanford Simulated Waste Spiked with Organic Compounds.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 54
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1242
EP  - 1253
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 10962247
AB  - After strontium/transuranics removal by precipitation followed by cesium/technetium removal by ion exchange, the remaining low-activity waste in the Hanford River Protection Project Waste Treatment Plant is to be concentrated by evaporation before being mixed with glass formers and vitrified. To provide a technical basis to permit the waste treatment facility, a relatively organic-rich Hanford Tank 241-AN-107 waste simulant was spiked with 14 target volatile, semi-volatile, and pesticide compounds and evaporated under vacuum in a bench-scale natural circulation evaporator fitted with an industrial stack off-gas sampler at the Savannah River National Laboratory. An evaporator material balance for the target organics was calculated by combining liquid stream mass and analytical data with off-gas emissions estimates obtained using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SW-846 Methods. Volatile and light semi-volatile organic compounds (< 220 ° C BP, >1 mm Hg vapor pressure) in the waste simulant were found to largely exit through the condenser vent, while heavier semi-volatiles and pesticides generally remain in the evaporator concentrate. An OLI Environmental Simulation Program (licensed by OLI Systems, Inc.) evaporator model successfully predicted operating conditions and the experimental distribution of the fed target organics exiting in the concentrate, condensate, and off-gas streams, with the exception of a few semi-volatile and pesticide compounds. Comparison with Henry's Law predictions suggests the OLI Environmental Simulation Program model is constrained by available literature data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Water treatment plants
KW  - Ion exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - Sewage -- Purification
N1  - Accession Number: 14699258; Saito, Hiroshi H. 1; Calloway Jr., T. Bond 1; Ferrara, Daro M. 1; Choi, Alexander S. 1; White, Thomas L. 1; Gibson Jr., Luther V. 2; Burdette, Mark A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC; 2: BWX Technologies, Inc. Y-12, L.L.C., Oak Ridge, TN; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 54 Issue 10, p1242; Thesaurus Term: Pollution; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Water treatment plants; Subject Term: Ion exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: Sewage -- Purification; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Orlovskaya, Nina
AU  - Coratolo, Anthony
AU  - Johnson, Christopher
AU  - Gemmen, Randall
T1  - Structural Characterization of Lanthanum Chromite Perovskite Coating Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering on an Iron-Based Chromium-Containing Alloy as a Promising Interconnect Material for SOFCs.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 87
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1981
EP  - 1987
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Chromium-containing stainless steel (SS) is a prospective material for use as an interconnect in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). However, during operations at high temperatures, the growth of oxide scales causes the performance of the interconnect and SOFC as a whole to deteriorate. The coating of SS 446 with a conducting perovskite is a potential method of slowing the growth of oxide scale and, therefore, improving overall SOFC performance. In the present research, the structural characterization of a pure LaCrO3 thin film on the SS 446 substrates has been performed as a model material that can be used as a barrier coating for the metallic interconnect. The deposition of an amorphous La-Cr-O thin film on SS 446 was performed using radio-frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering. The deposited amorphous film was annealed in air to form the desired perovskite phase. The film underwent an amorphous to LaCrO4 phase transition during annealing at 500°C with further transformation to LaCrO3 orthorhombic phase during annealing at 700°C. A self-organized dendritic structure was reported as a result of the perovskite-phase formation. Although formation of various oxides, such as Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, was observed during the annealing of uncoated SS 446 in air, the coating of SS 446 surface with LaCrO3 film prevented formation of various oxide phases at the interconnect surface. The structural characterization of the films and SS 446 surfaces was accomplished using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffractometry, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and nanoindentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - MAGNETRONS
KW  - ALLOYS
N1  - Accession Number: 14776283; Orlovskaya, Nina 1 Coratolo, Anthony 2 Johnson, Christopher 3 Gemmen, Randall 3; Affiliation:  1: Member, American Ceramic Society.  2: Department of Materials Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.  3: Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, West Virginia 26507.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 87 Issue 10, p1981; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: MAGNETRONS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, Keqi
AU  - Page, Jason S.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Charge competition and the linear dynamic range of detection in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1416
EP  - 1423
SN  - 10440305
AB  - An experimental investigation and theoretical analysis are reported on charge competition in electrospray ionization (ESI) and its effects on the linear dynamic range of ESI mass spectrometric (MS) measurements. The experiments confirmed the expected increase of MS sensitivities as the ESI flow rate decreases. However, different compounds show somewhat different mass spectral peak intensities even at the lowest flow rates, at the same concentration and electrospray operating conditions. MS response for each compound solution shows good linearity at lower concentrations and levels off at high concentration, consistent with analyte “saturation” in the ESI process. The extent of charge competition leading to saturation in the ESI process is consistent with the relative magnitude of excess charge in the electrospray compared to the total number of analyte molecules in the solution. This ESI capacity model allows one to predict the sample concentration limits for charge competition and the on-set of ionization suppression effects, as well as the linear dynamic range for ESI-MS. The implications for quantitative MS analysis and possibilities for effectively extending the dynamic range of ESI measurements are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14581155; Tang, Keqi 1 Page, Jason S. 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Email Address: rds@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 15 Issue 10, p1416; Subject Term: ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.04.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shvartsburg, Alexandre A.
AU  - Tang, Keqi
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Modeling the resolution and sensitivity of FAIMS analyses
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1487
EP  - 1498
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) is rapidly gaining acceptance as a robust, versatile tool for post-ionization separations prior to mass-spectrometric analyses. The separation is based on differences between ion mobilities at high and low electric fields, and proceeds at atmospheric pressure. Two major advantages of FAIMS over condensed-phase separations are its high speed and an ion focusing effect that often improves sensitivity. While selected aspects of FAIMS performance are understood empirically, no physical model rationalizing the resolving power and sensitivity of the method and revealing their dependence on instrumental variables has existed. Here we present a first-principles computational treatment capable of simulating the FAIMS analyzer for virtually any geometry (including the known cylindrical and planar designs) and arbitrary operational parameters. The approach involves propagating an ensemble of ion trajectories through the device in real time under the influence of applied asymmetric potential, diffusional motion incorporating the high-field and anisotropic phenomena, and mutual Coulomb repulsion of ionic charges. Calculations for both resolution and sensitivity are validated by excellent agreement with measurements in different FAIMS modes for ions representing diverse types and analyte classes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION mobility spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14581163; Shvartsburg, Alexandre A. 1 Tang, Keqi 1 Smith, Richard D.; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 15 Issue 10, p1487; Subject Term: ION mobility spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: IONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.06.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hetrick, David M.
AU  - Sjoreen, Andrea L.
T1  - VALIDATION OF A HYDROLOGIC MODEL FOR TRANSPORT OF CHEMICALS IN RIVERS.
JO  - Journal of the American Water Resources Association
JF  - Journal of the American Water Resources Association
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1129
EP  - 1140
SN  - 1093474X
AB  - Hydrologic Transport Assessment System (HYTRAS) is a software package that models contaminant transport in rivers and streams, including volatilization, adsorption/desorption, sedimentation, settling, and resuspension. Biodegradation, photolysis, and any other process that can be modeled using a first-order decay constant can be included as well. HYTRAS originally modeled the transport of radionuclides and has recently been expanded to include transport of chemicals. The transport of chemicals has been validated using data from an accidental release of the chemicals disulfoton and thiometon into the Rhine River in 1986. For these chemicals, sorption is not an important process. For the range of measured flow velocities, HYTRAS was found to bound the peak arrival times. For the range of measured degradation rates, HYTRAS was found to bound the peak concentrations within 400 km of the source and bound the peak concentrations within a factor of two out to 700 km. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Water Resources Association is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROLOGY
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics)
KW  - WATER pollution
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - chemical transport
KW  - hydraulics
KW  - modeling
KW  - sedimentation
KW  - software
KW  - surface water hydrology
KW  - water quality
N1  - Accession Number: 15112039; Hetrick, David M. 1 Sjoreen, Andrea L. 2; Email Address: sjoreenal@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Group Leader, Computational Sciences and Engineering Department, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 6011, MS-6418, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Senior R&D Staff, Computational Sciences and Engineering Department, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 6011, MS-6418, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 40 Issue 5, p1129; Subject Term: HYDROLOGY; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: TRANSPORT theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: WATER pollution; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: chemical transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydraulics; Author-Supplied Keyword: modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: sedimentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: software; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface water hydrology; Author-Supplied Keyword: water quality; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 5 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qi, Lai
AU  - Lee, Burtrand I.
AU  - Badheka, Prerak
AU  - Yoon, Dang-Hyok
AU  - Samuels, William D.
AU  - Exarhos, Gregory J.
T1  - Short-range dissolution–precipitation crystallization of hydrothermal barium titanate
JO  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 24
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3553
EP  - 3557
SN  - 09552219
AB  - A modified autoclave was used to investigate the crystallization mechanism of BaTiO3 during the hydrothermal reaction of Ba(OH)2 and TiO2 anatase. An uneven distribution of the crystallized BaTiO3 particles was observed: more than 99 wt.% of total BaTiO3 particles remained where the precursor TiO2 was put; less than 1 wt.% was collected from the areas away from the TiO2. According to the experimental observations in this work and proofs reported in the literature, we propose that the crystallization mechanism is dissolution–precipitation in nature, but the soluble Ti4+ species can only redisperse in a short distance away from TiO2 particles before precipitation. In other words, the nucleation of hydrothermal BaTiO3 starts at a low concentration of Ti4+. The mechanism of the Ba(OH)2–Ti(OH)4 reaction is a fast dehydration process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the European Ceramic Society is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - BARIUM compounds
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - BaTiO3 and titanates
KW  - Crystallisation
KW  - Hydrothermal methods
KW  - Perovskites
N1  - Accession Number: 13805185; Qi, Lai 1 Lee, Burtrand I. 1; Email Address: burt.lee@ces.clemson.edu Badheka, Prerak 1 Yoon, Dang-Hyok 1 Samuels, William D. 2 Exarhos, Gregory J. 2; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Olin Hall 114, Clemson, SC 29631, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 24 Issue 13, p3553; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: BARIUM compounds; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: BaTiO3 and titanates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskites; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2003.12.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13805185&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wunderlich, Bernhard
T1  - The tribulations and successes on the road from DSC to TMDSC in the 20th century the prospects for the 21st century.
JO  - Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry
JF  - Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 78
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 7
EP  - 31
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 13886150
AB  - All started with the invention of differential thermal analysis, DTA at the beginning of the 20th century. The tool was qualitative in the measurement of heat, but quantitative in measuring temperature. The differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, became popular in the 1970s. In certain temperature regions, it could replace even the more precise, but cumbersome, classical technique of adiabatic calorimetry. A large volume of quantitative thermodynamic information was accumulated. Both equilibrium and non-equilibrium data were collected. Unfortunately, the qualitative applications of the DSC grew even faster and overshadowed the quantitative capabilities of measurement of heat. The newer temperature-modulated DSC, TMDSC, makes use of the same instrumentation and seems to follow the same fate, despite the fact, that it can distinguish equilibrium from non-equilibrium, a key information needed in the thermodynamic description of materials. Seeing the growth of these efficient techniques, one could conclude that all questions one might have wanted to ask in 1900 can be answered now. A new question, however, has become important in the 21st century: What happens at the nanophase level and in the description of very fast processes? Are we able to learn from the past, or are we again to stay at the level of qualitative DTA? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - THERMOGRAVIMETRY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - baseline
KW  - DSC
KW  - DTA
KW  - glass transition
KW  - heat capacity
KW  - melting transition
KW  - microcalorimetry
KW  - nanophase
KW  - phase
KW  - reversible melting
KW  - reversing melting
KW  - tempera- lure-modulated DSC
KW  - temperature-modulated DSC
KW  - thermodynamics
KW  - TMDSC
N1  - Accession Number: 14446124; Wunderlich, Bernhard 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37886-1600, and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p7; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: THERMOGRAVIMETRY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: baseline; Author-Supplied Keyword: DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: DTA; Author-Supplied Keyword: glass transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: melting transition; Author-Supplied Keyword: microcalorimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanophase; Author-Supplied Keyword: phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: reversible melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: reversing melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: tempera- lure-modulated DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: temperature-modulated DSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMDSC; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Di Mascio, Michele
AU  - Markowitz, Martin
AU  - Louie, Michael
AU  - Hurley, Arlene
AU  - Hogan, Christine
AU  - Simon, Viviana
AU  - Follmann, Dean
AU  - Ho, David D.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Dynamics of Intermittent Viremia during Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients Who Initiate Therapy during Chronic versus Acute and Early Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 78
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 10566
EP  - 10573
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - The meaning of viral blips in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients treated with seemingly effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is still controversial and under investigation. Blips might represent low-level ongoing viral replication in the presence of drug or simply release of virions from the latent reservoir. Patients treated early during HIV-1 infection are more likely to have a lower total body viral burden, a homogenous viral population, and preserved HIV-1-specific immune responses. Consequently, viral blips may be less frequent in them than in patients treated during chronic infection. To test this hypothesis, we compared the occurrence of viral blips in 76 acutely infected patients (primary HIV infection [PHI] group) who started therapy within 6 months of the onset of symptoms with that in 47 patients who started HAART therapy during chronic infection (chronic HIV infection [CHI] group). Viral blip frequency was approximately twofold higher in CHI patients (0.122 ± 0.12/viral load [VL] sample, mean ± standard deviation) than in PHI patients (0.066 ± 0.09/VL sample). However, in both groups, viral blip frequency did not increase with longer periods of observation. Also, no difference in viral blip frequency was observed between treatment subgroups, and the occurrence of a blip was not associated with a recent change in CD4+ T-cell count. Finally, in PHI patients the VL set point was a significant predictor of blip frequency during treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VIRAL replication
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - ANTIRETROVIRAL agents
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
KW  - VIRUS diseases
N1  - Accession Number: 14654271; Di Mascio, Michele 1,2; Email Address: mdimascio@niaid.nih.gov Markowitz, Martin 3 Louie, Michael 3 Hurley, Arlene 3 Hogan, Christine 3 Simon, Viviana 3 Follmann, Dean 2 Ho, David D. 3 Perelson, Alan S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland  3: Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 78 Issue 19, p10566; Subject Term: VIRAL replication; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: ANTIRETROVIRAL agents; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Subject Term: VIRUS diseases; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.19.10566-10573.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerns, Julie
AU  - Newton, J.
AU  - Berryere, Tom
AU  - Rubin, Edward
AU  - Cheng, Jan-Fang
AU  - Schmutz, Sheila
AU  - Barsh, Gregory
T1  - Characterization of the dogAgoutigene and anonagoutimutation in German Shepherd Dogs.
JO  - Mammalian Genome
JF  - Mammalian Genome
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 15
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 798
EP  - 808
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09388990
AB  - The interaction between two genes,AgoutiandMelanocortin-1receptor(Mc1r), produces diverse pigment patterns in mammals by regulating the type, amount, and distribution pattern of the two pigment types found in mammalian hair: eumelanin (brown/black) and pheomelanin (yellow/red). In domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), there is a tremendous variation in coat color patterns between and within breeds; however, previous studies suggest that the molecular genetics of pigment-type switching in dogs may differ from that of other mammals. Here we report the identification and characterization of theAgoutigene from domestic dogs, predicted to encode a 131-amino-acid secreted protein 98% identical to the fox homolog, and which maps to chromosome CFA24 in a region of conserved linkage. Comparative analysis of the Doberman PinscherAgouticDNA, the fox cDNA, and 180 kb of Doberman Pinscher genomic DNA suggests that, as with laboratory mice, different pigment-type-switching patterns in the canine family are controlled by alternative usage of different promoters and untranslated first exons. A small survey of Labrador Retrievers, Greyhounds, Australian Shepherds, and German Shepherd Dogs did not uncover any polymorphisms, but we identified a single nucleotide variant in black German Shepherd Dogs predicted to cause an Arg-to-Cys substitution at codon 96, which is likely to account for recessive inheritance of a uniform black coat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mammalian Genome is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GERMAN shepherd dog
KW  - WHITE German shepherd dog
KW  - DOG breeds
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
N1  - Accession Number: 14932815; Kerns, Julie 1 Newton, J. 2 Berryere, Tom 3 Rubin, Edward 4 Cheng, Jan-Fang 4 Schmutz, Sheila 3 Barsh, Gregory 2; Email Address: gbarsh@cmgm.stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109.  2: Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA  3: Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N5A8, Canada.  4: Genome Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 15 Issue 10, p798; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GERMAN shepherd dog; Subject Term: WHITE German shepherd dog; Subject Term: DOG breeds; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00335-004-2377-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Ogi, Hirotsugu
AU  - Nakamura, Nobutomo
T1  - Elastic, anelastic, piezoelectric coefficients of monocrystal lithium niobate
JO  - Mechanics of Materials
JF  - Mechanics of Materials
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 36
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 941
EP  - 947
SN  - 01676636
SN  - 9780077221409
AB  - Using improved acoustic spectroscopy, we determined the complete above coefficients (16 independent ones) by measuring the macroscopic resonance frequencies of a single lithium-niobate monocrystal. The improvement consisted of using laser-Doppler interferometry for unambiguous vibration-mode identification. Elastic coefficients <f>Cijkℓ</f> agree well with previous reports that used conventional methods. Piezoelectric coefficients <f>eijk</f> agree with the range of four previous reports. Anelastic coefficients <f>Q-1ijkℓ</f>, reported for the first time, suggest that the crystal''s internal friction arises mainly from dislocations, not from intrinsic multiphonon processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanics of Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RESONANCE ionization spectroscopy
KW  - LITHIUM niobate
KW  - PIEZOELECTRICITY
KW  - Acoustic spectroscopy
KW  - Anelastic coefficients
KW  - Elastic coefficients
KW  - Interferometry
KW  - Lithium niobate
KW  - Monocrystal
KW  - Piezoelectric coefficients
N1  - Accession Number: 13291120; Ledbetter, Hassel 1; Email Address: hledbet@lanl.gov Ogi, Hirotsugu 2 Nakamura, Nobutomo 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory (E536), Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, Japan; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 36 Issue 10, p941; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RESONANCE ionization spectroscopy; Subject Term: LITHIUM niobate; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acoustic spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anelastic coefficients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic coefficients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interferometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium niobate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monocrystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Piezoelectric coefficients; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mechmat.2003.08.013
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13291120&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edmonds, James A.
T1  - CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES.
JO  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
JF  - Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 416
SN  - 13812386
AB  - The long time scale of the climate change problem and the inherent nature of the carbon cycle bring important implications for present technology development efforts. Even if major technology improvements are achieved for non-carbon-emitting technologies such as energy-intensity improvements, wind, solar, biomass, and nuclear over the course of the 21st century, most examinations of potential future greenhouse emissions conclude that additional technology development will be required to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations. The development of an expanded suite of technologies including carbon capture and disposal, hydrogen systems and biotechnology hold the potential to dramatically reduce the cost of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations. This paper examines these technologies in the context of a global integrated assessment model of energy, agriculture, land-use, economics, and carbon cycle processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies for Global Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Land use
KW  - Solar energy
KW  - Agriculture & energy
KW  - Climatology
KW  - biotechnology
KW  - carbon capture and disposal
KW  - climate change
KW  - energy technology
KW  - hydrogen systems
KW  - integrated assessment modeling
N1  - Accession Number: 21771607; Edmonds, James A. 1; Email Address: jae@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at University of Maryland in College Park, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740-2496.; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p391; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Land use; Thesaurus Term: Solar energy; Thesaurus Term: Agriculture & energy; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Author-Supplied Keyword: biotechnology; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon capture and disposal; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrogen systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrated assessment modeling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macey, J. Robert
AU  - Papenfuss, Theodore J.
AU  - Kuehl, Jennifer V.
AU  - Fourcade, H. Mathew
AU  - Boore, Jeffrey L.
T1  - Phylogenetic relationships among amphisbaenian reptiles based on complete mitochondrial genomic sequences
JO  - Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution
JF  - Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 22
EP  - 31
SN  - 10557903
AB  - Complete mitochondrial genomic sequences are reported from 12 members in the four families of the reptile group Amphisbaenia. Analysis of 11,946 aligned nucleotide positions (5797 informative) produces a robust phylogenetic hypothesis. The family Rhineuridae is basal and Bipedidae is the sister taxon to the Amphisbaenidae plus Trogonophidae. Amphisbaenian reptiles are surprisingly old, predating the breakup of Pangaea 200 million years before present, because successive basal taxa (Rhineuridae and Bipedidae) are situated in tectonic regions of Laurasia and nested taxa (Amphisbaenidae and Trogonophidae) are found in Gondwanan regions. Thorough sampling within the Bipedidae shows that it is not tectonic movement of Baja California away from the Mexican mainland that is primary in isolating Bipes species, but rather that primary vicariance occurred between northern and southern groups. Amphisbaenian families show parallel reduction in number of limbs and Bipes species exhibit parallel reduction in number of digits. A measure is developed for comparing the phylogenetic information content of various genes. A synapomorphic trait defining the Bipedidae is a shift from the typical vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangement to the derived state of trnE and nad6. In addition, a tandem duplication of trnT and trnP is observed in Bipes biporus with a pattern of pseudogene formation that varies among populations. The first case of convergent rearrangement of the mitochondrial genome among animals demonstrated by complete genomic sequences is reported. Relative to most vertebrates, the Rhineuridae has the block nad6, trnE switched in order with the block cob, trnT, trnP, as they are in birds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMPHISBAENIA
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - MITOCHONDRIAL DNA
KW  - Amphisbaenia
KW  - Biogeography
KW  - Bipes
KW  - Genomics
KW  - Limb evolution
KW  - Mitochondrial DNA
KW  - Pangaea
KW  - Phylogeny
KW  - Reptilia
N1  - Accession Number: 14189752; Macey, J. Robert; Email Address: jrmacey@lbl.gov Papenfuss, Theodore J. 1 Kuehl, Jennifer V. 2 Fourcade, H. Mathew 2 Boore, Jeffrey L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Evolutionary Genomics, DOE Joint Genome Institute and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA  3: Department of Integrative Biology, 3060 Valley Life Science Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p22; Subject Term: AMPHISBAENIA; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIAL DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amphisbaenia; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biogeography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bipes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Limb evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mitochondrial DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pangaea; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phylogeny; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reptilia; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.05.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14189752&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xanthopoulos, E.
AU  - Muxlow, T.W.B.
AU  - Thomasson, P.
AU  - Garrington, S.T.
T1  - MERLIN observations of Stephan's Quintet.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 353
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1117
EP  - 1125
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present MERLIN L-band images of the compact galaxy group, Stephan's Quintet (SQ). The Seyfert 2 galaxy, NGC 7319, the brightest member of the compact group, is seen to have a triple radio structure typical of many extra-galactic radio sources that have a flat spectrum core and two sleep spectrum lobes with hot spots. The two lobes are asymmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the core along the minor axis of the galaxy. Ultraviolet (UV) emission revealed in a high-resolution channel (HRC)/ACS Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image is strongly aligned with the radio plasma and we interpret the intense star formation in the core and north lobe as an event induced by the collision of the north radio jet with over-dense ambient material. In addition, a remapping of archive Very Large Array (VLA) L-band observations reveals more extended emission along the major axis of the galaxy, which is aligned with the optical axis. Images formed from the combined MERLIN and archive VLA data reveal more detailed structure of the two lobes and hot spots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEYFERT galaxies
KW  - GALAXIES
KW  - RADIO sources (Astronomy)
KW  - INTERSTELLAR communication
KW  - RADIO astronomy
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - galaxies: clusters: general
KW  - galaxies: clusters: individual: NGC 7318A
KW  - galaxies: clusters: individual: NGC 7318B
KW  - galaxies: clusters: individual: NGC 7319
KW  - galaxies: clusters: individual: Stephan's Quintet
KW  - galaxies: interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14491832; Xanthopoulos, E. 1,2,3; Email Address: exanthop@igpp.ucllnl.org Muxlow, T.W.B. 3 Thomasson, P. 3 Garrington, S.T. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of California Davis, Department of Physics, Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: IGPP/Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 353 Issue 4, p1117; Subject Term: SEYFERT galaxies; Subject Term: GALAXIES; Subject Term: RADIO sources (Astronomy); Subject Term: INTERSTELLAR communication; Subject Term: RADIO astronomy; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: general; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: individual: NGC 7318A; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: individual: NGC 7318B; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: individual: NGC 7319; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: clusters: individual: Stephan's Quintet; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: interactions; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08133.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14491832&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fletcher
AU  - B. L.
AU  - Hullander
AU  - E. D.
AU  - Melechko
AU  - A. V.
AU  - McKnight
AU  - T. E.
AU  - Klein
AU  - K. L.
AU  - Hensley
AU  - D. K.
AU  - Morrell
AU  - J. L.
AU  - Simpson
AU  - M. L.
AU  - Doktycz
AU  - M. J.
T1  - Microarrays of Biomimetic Cells Formed by the Controlled Synthesis of Carbon Nanofiber Membranes.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 4
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1809
EP  - 1814
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Biological processes are carried out in a small physical volume, the cell, where molecular composition coupled with defined nanometer-scale architecture bring about function. A major challenge inherent in copying this engineering ideal is the fabrication and filling of enclosed membrane structures. Described here is the combination of deterministically grown carbon nanofibers, micromachining techniques, and piezo-based ink jet technology to create cellular mimics. The synthesis, testing, and application of coupled arrays of semipermeable microstructures with defined, sub-nanoliter fluid contents are demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOMIMETICS (Chemistry)
KW  - CELLS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - MEMBRANES (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 15995504; Fletcher B. L. 1 Hullander E. D. 1 Melechko A. V. 1 McKnight T. E. 1 Klein K. L. 1 Hensley D. K. 1 Morrell J. L. 1 Simpson M. L. 1 Doktycz M. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Engineering Science and Technology Division and Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6123, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 4 Issue 10, p1809; Subject Term: BIOMIMETICS (Chemistry); Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: MEMBRANES (Technology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Evans
AU  - B. R.
AU  - O'Neill
AU  - H. M.
AU  - Hutchens
AU  - S. A.
AU  - Bruce
AU  - B. D.
AU  - Greenbaum
AU  - E.
T1  - Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Covalent Attachment of Plastocyanin to Photosystem I.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 4
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1815
EP  - 1819
SN  - 15306984
AB  - A simple photocatalytic hydrogen-evolving system is reported based on intermolecular electron transfer using isolated Photosystem I (PSI) reaction centers as the photoactive element. The system is composed of platinized PSI covalently linked to plastocyanin (PC). Water-soluble sodium ascorbate is the electron donor. PC was attached to PSI by formation of peptide bonds with the cross-linking reagent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride. Compared to the unlinked proteins, cross-linking of PC and PSI resulted in a substantial increase in light-driven reduction of hexachloroplatinate ions (PtCl62- + 4e- → Pt↓ + 6Cl-). Hydrogen photoevolution by cross-linked PC-platinized PSI was increased 3-fold both in initial rate and total yield. Analysis of the reaction indicates that covalent linkage of PC to PSI results in a greater rate of total electron throughput from sodium ascorbate to light-activated hydrogen evolution. In addition, although photocatalytic hydrogen-evolving activity was easily demonstrated in the cross-linked system, the native pathway of electron flow yielding enzymatic NADP+ reduction activity was not observed upon addition of the natural PSI electron-accepting system, ferredoxin plus ferredoxin:NADP+ oxidoreductase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCATALYSIS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - PLASTOCYANIN
KW  - SODIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 15995505; Evans B. R. 1 O'Neill H. M. 1 Hutchens S. A. 1 Bruce B. D. 1 Greenbaum E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Biochemistry, Cellular & Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, and Center of Excellence in Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 4 Issue 10, p1815; Subject Term: PHOTOCATALYSIS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: PLASTOCYANIN; Subject Term: SODIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen
AU  - F.
AU  - Gerion
AU  - D.
T1  - Fluorescent CdSe/ZnS Nanocrystal-Peptide Conjugates for Long-term, Nontoxic Imaging and Nuclear Targeting in Living Cells.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 4
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1827
EP  - 1832
SN  - 15306984
AB  - One of the biggest challenges in cell biology is the imaging of living cells. For this purpose, the most commonly used visualization tool is fluorescent markers. However, conventional labels, such as organic fluorescent dyes or green fluorescent proteins (GFP), lack the photostability to allow the tracking of cellular events that happen over a period from minutes to days. In addition, they are either toxic to cells (dyes) or difficult to construct and manipulate (GFP). We report here the use of a new class of fluorescent labels, silanized CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal-peptide conjugates, for imaging the nuclei of living cells. CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals, or so-called quantum dots (qdots), are extremely photostable, and have been used extensively in cellular imaging of fixed cells. Most of the studies about living cells so far have been concerned only with particle entry into the cytoplasm or the localization of receptors on the cell membrane. Specific targeting of qdots to the nucleus of living cells has not been reported in previous studies, due to the lack of a targeting mechanism and proper particle size. Here we demonstrate for the first time the construction of a CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal-peptide conjugate that carries the SV40 large T antigen nuclear localization signal (NLS) and the transfection of the complex into living cells. By a novel adaptation for qdots of a commonly used cell transfection technique, we were able to introduce and retain the NLS-qdots conjugate in living cells for up to a week without detectable negative cellular effects. Moreover, we can visualize the movement of the CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal-peptide conjugates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, as well as the accumulation of the complex in the cell nucleus, over a long observation time period. This report opens the door for using qdots to visualize long-term biological events that happen in the cell nucleus and provides a new nontoxic, long-term imaging platform for observing nuclear trafficking mechanisms and cell nuclear processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOLOGY
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 15995507; Chen F. 1 Gerion D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and Physics and Advanced Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 4 Issue 10, p1827; Subject Term: CYTOLOGY; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christen
AU  - H. M.
AU  - Puretzky
AU  - A. A.
AU  - Cui
AU  - H.
AU  - Belay
AU  - K.
AU  - Fleming
AU  - P. H.
AU  - Geohegan
AU  - D. B.
AU  - Lowndes
AU  - D. H.
T1  - Rapid Growth of Long, Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes through Efficient Catalyst Optimization Using Metal Film Gradients.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 4
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1939
EP  - 1942
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Pulsed laser deposited, orthogonally overlapping metal film gradients are introduced as a versatile method to optimize desired nanomaterial characteristics simultaneously as a function of catalyst composition and film thickness. Catalyst libraries generated by this method are applied here to study the growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition in acetylene from Mo/Fe/Al multilayers on Si. An Fe/Mo atomic ratio of 16:1 was discovered to be optimal for the rapid growth of nanotubes to long lengths, at rates exceeding 1 mm/hr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
N1  - Accession Number: 15995525; Christen H. M. 1 Puretzky A. A. 1 Cui H. 1 Belay K. 1 Fleming P. H. 1 Geohegan D. B. 1 Lowndes D. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, and Department of Physics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 4 Issue 10, p1939; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
T1  - Phasing in iodine for structure determination.
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
JF  - Nature Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 22
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1239
EP  - 1240
SN  - 10870156
AB  - This article discusses effect of X-ray beam on protein structure. When a protein crystal is exposed to an X-ray beam, X-rays scatter off the electrons of each atom in the crystal, producing a complex diffraction pattern of spots. Reconstructing the atomic structure of the protein from the diffraction pattern can be challenging. Although the diffraction data captures the positions and intensities of the diffracted X-rays, information about their phases is lost. In the case of scattered visible radiation, images of objects can be reconstructed by the use of lenses,as in the human eye, but no lenses exist for X-rays, and the phases of the scattered rays must be estimated computationally.
KW  - Radiation
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Optical diffraction
KW  - Optics
KW  - Optical instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14623074; Dauter, Zbigniew 1; Email Address: dauter@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Synchrotron Radiation Research Section of the National Cancer Institute, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg 725A, Upton, New York 11973, USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 22 Issue 10, p1239; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Optical diffraction; Subject Term: Optics; Subject Term: Optical instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nbt1004-1239
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlisle, John A.
T1  - Diamond films: Precious biosensors.
JO  - Nature Materials
JF  - Nature Materials
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 3
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 668
EP  - 669
SN  - 14761122
AB  - Focuses on the chemical immobilization of electro-active enzymes on conducting nanocrystalline-diamond thin films. Synthesis of highly conducting nanocrystalline-diamond thin films; Properties of diamond which make it as platform for biosensor and bio-interfaces; Attachment of amine-terminated hydrocarbon chain to the surface of nanocrystalline diamond.
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - BIOSENSORS
N1  - Accession Number: 18445608; Carlisle, John A. 1; Email Address: carlisle@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division & Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60544, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 3 Issue 10, p668; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nmat1225
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zheng, L. X.
AU  - O'Connell, M. J.
AU  - Doorn, S. K.
AU  - Liao, X. Z.
AU  - Zhao, Y. H.
AU  - Akhadov, E. A.
AU  - Hoffbauer, M. A.
AU  - Roop, B. J.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Dye, R. C.
AU  - Peterson, D. E.
AU  - Huang, S. M.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Zhu, Y. T.
T1  - Ultralong single-wall carbon nanotubes.
JO  - Nature Materials
JF  - Nature Materials
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 3
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 673
EP  - 676
SN  - 14761122
AB  - Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes in 1991 by Iijima, there has been great interest in creating long, continuous nanotubes for applications where their properties coupled with extended lengths will enable new technology developments. For example, ultralong nanotubes can be spun into fibres that are more than an order of magnitude stronger than any current structural material, allowing revolutionary advances in lightweight, high-strength applications. Long metallic nanotubes will enable new types of micro-electromechanical systems such as micro-electric motors, and can also act as a nanoconducting cable for wiring micro-electronic devices. Here we report the synthesis of 4-cm-long individual single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) at a high growth rate of 11 μm s−1 by catalytic chemical vapour deposition. Our results suggest the possibility of growing SWNTs continuously without any apparent length limitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Materials is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL devices
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 18445613; Zheng, L. X. 1 O'Connell, M. J. 1 Doorn, S. K. 1 Liao, X. Z. 1 Zhao, Y. H. 1 Akhadov, E. A. 1 Hoffbauer, M. A. 1 Roop, B. J. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1 Dye, R. C. 1 Peterson, D. E. 1 Huang, S. M. 2 Liu, J. 2 Zhu, Y. T. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Chemistry Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 3 Issue 10, p673; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL devices; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nmat1216
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marks, Robert A.
AU  - Taylor, Seth T.
AU  - Mammana, Ennio
AU  - Gronsky, Ronald
AU  - Glaeser, Andreas M.
T1  - Directed assembly of controlled-misorientation bicrystals.
JO  - Nature Materials
JF  - Nature Materials
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 3
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 682
EP  - 686
SN  - 14761122
AB  - Grain boundaries play a vital role in determining materials behaviour, and the nature of these intercrystalline interfaces is dictated by chemical composition, processing history, and geometry (misorientation and inclination). The interrelation among these variables and material properties may be systematically studied in bicrystals. Conventional bicrystal fabrication offers control over these variables, but its ability to mimic grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials is ambiguous. Here we describe a novel solid-state process for rapidly generating intercrystalline interfaces with controlled geometry and chemistry, applicable to a broad range of materials. A fine-grained polycrystalline layer, contacted by two appropriately misoriented single-crystal seeds, is consumed by an epitaxial solid-state transformation until the directed growth fronts impinge. The seed misorientations establish the geometry of the resulting intercrystalline boundaries, and the composition of the sacrificial polycrystalline layer establishes the chemistry of the boundaries and their adjacent grains. Results from a challenging model system, titanium-doped sapphire, illustrate the viability of the directed assembly technique for preparing high-quality bicrystals in both twist and tilt configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Materials is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 18445615; Marks, Robert A. 1 Taylor, Seth T. 1 Mammana, Ennio 1 Gronsky, Ronald 1 Glaeser, Andreas M. 1; Email Address: aglaeser@sapphire.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Division of Materials Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, California 94720-1760, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 3 Issue 10, p682; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nmat1214
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Danny T
AU  - Miller, David W
AU  - Mathew, Rose
AU  - Cassell, Robert
AU  - Holton, James M
AU  - Roussel, Martine F
AU  - Schulman, Brenda A
T1  - A unique E1-E2 interaction required for optimal conjugation of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8.
JO  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
JF  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 927
EP  - 935
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 15459993
AB  - Ubiquitin-like proteins (UBL.s) such as NEDD8 are transferred to their targets by distinct, parallel, multienzyme cascades that involve the sequential action of E1, E2 and E3 enzymes. How do enzymes within a particular UBL. conjugation cascade interact with each other? We report here that the unique N-terminal sequence of NEDD8's E2, Ubc12, selectively recruits NEDD8's El to promote thioester formation between Ubc12 and NEDD8. A peptide corresponding to Ubcl2's N terminus (Ubcl2N2b) specifically binds and inhibits NEDD8's El, the heterodimeric APPBP1-UBA3 complex. The structure of APPBP1-UBA3- Ubcl2N2b reveals conserved Ubcl2 residues docking in a groove generated by loops conserved in UBA3s but not other Els. These data explain why the Ubcl2-UBA3 interaction is unique to the NEDD8 pathway. These studies define a novel mechanism for El–E2 interaction and show how enzymes within a particular UBL. conjugation cascade can be tethered together by unique protein-protein interactions emanating from their common structural scaffolds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Structural & Molecular Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - UBIQUITIN
KW  - PROTEIN-protein interactions
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CONJUGATION (Biology)
KW  - REPRODUCTION
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
N1  - Accession Number: 14541981; Huang, Danny T 1,2 Miller, David W 1,2 Mathew, Rose 2 Cassell, Robert 3 Holton, James M 4 Roussel, Martine F 2 Schulman, Brenda A 1,2; Email Address: brenda.schulman@stjude.org; Affiliation:  1: Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA  2: Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA  3: Hartwell Center for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA  4: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p927; Subject Term: UBIQUITIN; Subject Term: PROTEIN-protein interactions; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CONJUGATION (Biology); Subject Term: REPRODUCTION; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nsmb826
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graham, D.
AU  - Maas, P.
AU  - Donaldson, G.B.
AU  - Carr, C.
T1  - Impact damage detection in carbon fibre composites using HTS SQUIDs and neural networks
JO  - NDT & E International
JF  - NDT & E International
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 37
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
EP  - 570
SN  - 09638695
AB  - A neural network-based data analysis tool, developed to speed the damage detection process for the NDE of impact damaged carbon fibre composites, is discussed. A feature extraction method utilising a gradient threshold search function and a feed forward neural network for pattern recognition were used to develop the system. Impact damaged carbon composite sample plates were scanned with an eddy current-based NDE setup using HTS SQUID gradiometers and double-D excitation coils. Detection of damage sites in data affected by noise spikes caused by environmental disturbances is demonstrated. Finally, a possible design for a future entirely automated scanning system is also introduced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NDT & E International is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEURAL networks (Computer science)
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - COGNITIVE neuroscience
KW  - ARTIFICIAL intelligence
KW  - Composite laminates
KW  - Eddy current
KW  - Neural network
N1  - Accession Number: 13469488; Graham, D. 1; Email Address: david.graham@strath.ac.uk Maas, P. 1 Donaldson, G.B. 1 Carr, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 37 Issue 7, p565; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Computer science); Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: COGNITIVE neuroscience; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL intelligence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite laminates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neural network; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ndteint.2004.03.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yin, T.-M.
AU  - DiFazio, S. P.
AU  - Gunter, L. E.
AU  - Jawdy, S. S.
AU  - Boerjan, W.
AU  - Tuskan, G. A.
T1  - Genetic and physical mapping of Melampsora rust resistance genes in Populus and characterization of linkage disequilibrium and flanking genomic sequence.
JO  - New Phytologist
JF  - New Phytologist
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 95
EP  - 105
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0028646X
AB  - •  In an attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of Melampsora rust resistance in Populus trichocarpa, we have mapped two resistance loci, MXC3 and MER, and intensively characterized the flanking genomic sequence for the MXC3 locus and the level of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in natural populations. •  We used an interspecific backcross pedigree and a genetic map that was highly saturated with AFLP and SSR markers, and assembled shotgun-sequence data in the region containing markers linked to MXC3. •  The two loci were mapped to different linkage groups. Linkage disequilibrium for MXC3 was confined to two closely linked regions spanning 34 and 16 kb, respectively. The MXC3 region also contained six disease-resistance candidate genes. •  The MER and MXC3 loci are clearly distinct, and may have different mechanisms of resistance, as different classes of putative resistance genes were present near each locus. The suppressed recombination previously observed in the MXC3 region was possibly caused by extensive hemizygous rearrangements confined to the original parent tree. The relatively low observed LD may facilitate association studies using candidate genes for rust resistance, but will probably inhibit marker-aided selection. New Phytologist (2004) doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01161.x © New Phytologist (2004) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of New Phytologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MELAMPSORA
KW  - GENES
KW  - POPLAR
KW  - BLACK cottonwood
KW  - TREES
KW  - <em>Melampsora Populus</em> (poplar)
KW  - disease-resistance genes
KW  - linkage disequilibrium (LD)
KW  - recombination repression
N1  - Accession Number: 14353588; Yin, T.-M. 1 DiFazio, S. P. 1; Email Address: difazios@ornl.gov Gunter, L. E. 1 Jawdy, S. S. 1 Boerjan, W. 2 Tuskan, G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6422, USA  2: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1, p95; Subject Term: MELAMPSORA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: POPLAR; Subject Term: BLACK cottonwood; Subject Term: TREES; Author-Supplied Keyword: <em>Melampsora Populus</em> (poplar); Author-Supplied Keyword: disease-resistance genes; Author-Supplied Keyword: linkage disequilibrium (LD); Author-Supplied Keyword: recombination repression; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01161.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Firestone, R.B.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 21
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 103
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 324
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Abstract: This evaluation of A = 21 has been updated from previous evaluations published in Nucl. Phys. A 633 (1998), Nucl. Phys. A 521 (1990) 1, Nucl. Phys. A 529 (1991) 763, Nucl. Phys. A 564 (1993) 609, and Nucl. Phys. A 310 (1978) 1. Coverage includes properties of adopted levels and γ rays, decay-scheme data (energies, intensities and placement of radiations), and cross reference entries. The following tables continue the tradition of showing the systematic relationships between levels in A = 21. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15553823; Firestone, R.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 88R0192, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 103 Issue 2, p269; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 56p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.003
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reifarth, R.
AU  - Bredeweg, T.A.
AU  - Alpizar-Vicente, A.
AU  - Browne, J.C.
AU  - Esch, E.-I.
AU  - Greife, U.
AU  - Haight, R.C.
AU  - Hatarik, R.
AU  - Kronenberg, A.
AU  - O'Donnell, J.M.
AU  - Rundberg, R.S.
AU  - Ullmann, J.L.
AU  - Vieira, D.J.
AU  - Wilhelmy, J.B.
AU  - Wouters, J.M.
T1  - Background identification and suppression for the measurement of <f>(n,γ)</f> reactions with the DANCE array at LANSCE
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 531
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 530
EP  - 543
SN  - 01689002
AB  - In the commissioning phase of the DANCE project (Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments) measurements have been performed with special emphasis on the identification and suppression of possible backgrounds for the planned <f>(n,γ)</f> experiments. This report describes several background sources, observed in the experiment or anticipated from simulations, which will need to be suppressed in this and in similar detectors that are planned at other facilities. First successes are documented in the suppression of background from scattered neutrons captured in the detector as well as from the internal radiation. Experimental results and simulations using the GEANT code are compared. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - Calorimetric measurement
KW  - keV neutron capture
KW  - Spallation neutron source
N1  - Accession Number: 19296231; Reifarth, R. 1; Email Address: reifarth@lanl.gov Bredeweg, T.A. 1 Alpizar-Vicente, A. 2 Browne, J.C. 1 Esch, E.-I. 1 Greife, U. 2 Haight, R.C. 1 Hatarik, R. 2 Kronenberg, A. 1 O'Donnell, J.M. 1 Rundberg, R.S. 1 Ullmann, J.L. 1 Vieira, D.J. 1 Wilhelmy, J.B. 1 Wouters, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANSCE-3 MS H855, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 531 Issue 3, p530; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimetric measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: keV neutron capture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation neutron source; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.096
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allanach, B.C.
AU  - Blair, G.A.
AU  - Freitas, A.
AU  - Kraml, S.
AU  - Martyn, H.-U.
AU  - Polesello, G.
AU  - Porod, W.
AU  - Zerwas, P.M.
T1  - SUSY Parameter Analysis at TeV and Planck Scales
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 135
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 107
EP  - 113
SN  - 09205632
AB  - Coherent analyses at future LHC and LC experiments can be used to explore the breaking mechanism of supersymmetry and to reconstruct the fundamental theory at high energies, in particular at the grand unification scale. This will be exemplified for minimal supergravity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GENERAL relativity (Physics)
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14748820; Allanach, B.C. 1 Blair, G.A. 2 Freitas, A. 3 Kraml, S. 4 Martyn, H.-U. 5 Polesello, G. 4 Porod, W. 6 Zerwas, P.M. 7; Affiliation:  1: LAPTH, Annecy-le-Vieux, France  2: Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey. TW20 0EX, UK  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia IL 60510, USA  4: CERN, Department of Physics, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  5: I. Physik. Institut, RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany  6: IFIC - Instituto de Física Corpuscular, E-46071 Valencia, Spain  7: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 135 Issue 1-3, p107; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GENERAL relativity (Physics); Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.09.052
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Awramik, M.
AU  - Czakon, M.
AU  - Freitas, A.
AU  - Weiglein, G.
T1  - Two-loop Fermionic Electroweak Corrections to the Effective Leptonic Weak Mixing Angle in the Standard Model
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 135
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 123
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We give some details of the recently completed calculation of the full two-loop fermionic corrections to the effective leptonic weak mixing angle, . Among others, we describe the C++ library DiaGen/IdSolver, which was used to reduce the two-loop light fermion vertex diagrams to linear combinations of master integrals with rational function coefficients. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - PERMUTATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14748822; Awramik, M. 1 Czakon, M. 2 Freitas, A. 3 Weiglein, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Nuclear Physics PAS, Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31342 Cracow, Poland  2: Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland  3: Theoretical Physics Division, Fermilab, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  4: Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 135 Issue 1-3, p119; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: PERMUTATIONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.09.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giele, W.
AU  - Glover, E.W.N.
AU  - Zanderighi, G.
T1  - Numerical Evaluation of One-Loop Diagrams Near Exceptional Momentum Configurations
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 135
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 279
SN  - 09205632
AB  - One problem which plagues the numerical evaluation of one-loop Feynman diagrams using recursive integration by part relations is a numerical instability near exceptional momentum configurations. In this contribution we will discuss a generic solution to this problem. As an example we consider the case of forward light-by-light scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14748848; Giele, W. 1 Glover, E.W.N. 2 Zanderighi, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, Batavia IL 60150,USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, England; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 135 Issue 1-3, p275; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.09.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Loik, Michael E.
AU  - Breshears, David D.
AU  - Lauenroth, William K.
AU  - Belnap, Jayne
T1  - A multi-scale perspective of water pulses in dryland ecosystems: climatology and ecohydrology of the western USA.
JO  - Oecologia
JF  - Oecologia
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 141
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 281
SN  - 00298549
AB  - In dryland ecosystems, the timing and magnitude of precipitation pulses drive many key ecological processes, notably soil water availability for plants and soil microbiota. Plant available water has frequently been viewed simply as incoming precipitation, yet processes at larger scales drive precipitation pulses, and the subsequent transformation of precipitation pulses to plant available water are complex. We provide an overview of the factors that influence the spatial and temporal availability of water to plants and soil biota using examples from western USA drylands. Large spatial- and temporal-scale drivers of regional precipitation patterns include the position of the jet streams and frontal boundaries, the North American Monsoon, El Niño Southern Oscillation events, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Topography and orography modify the patterns set up by the larger-scale drivers, resulting in regional patterns (102-106 km2) of precipitation magnitude, timing, and variation. Together, the large-scale and regional drivers impose important pulsed patterns on long-term precipitation trends at landscape scales, in which most site precipitation is received as small events (<5 mm) and with most of the intervals between events being short (<10 days). The drivers also influence the translation of precipitation events into available water via linkages between soil water content and components of the water budget, including interception, infiltration and runoff, soil evaporation, plant water use and hydraulic redistribution, and seepage below the rooting zone. Soil water content varies not only vertically with depth but also horizontally beneath versus between plants and/or soil crusts in ways that are ecologically important to different plant and crust types. We highlight the importance of considering larger-scale drivers, and their effects on regional patterns; small, frequent precipitation events; and spatio-temporal heterogeneity in soil water content in translating from climatology to precipitation pulses to the dryland ecohydrology of water availability for plants and soil biota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oecologia is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ARID regions ecology
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - ECOHYDROLOGY
KW  - DROUGHTS
KW  - EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
KW  - Drought duration
KW  - El Niño Southern Oscillation
KW  - El Niño Southern Oscillation
KW  - Evapotranspiration
KW  - Infiltration depth
KW  - Pacific Decadal Oscillation
N1  - Accession Number: 15832602; Loik, Michael E. 1; Email Address: mloik@ucsc.edu Breshears, David D. 2 Lauenroth, William K. 3 Belnap, Jayne 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA  2: Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Rangeland Ecosystem Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA  4: United States Geological Survey, 2290 S. West Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 141 Issue 2, p269; Subject Term: ARID regions ecology; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: ECOHYDROLOGY; Subject Term: DROUGHTS; Subject Term: EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drought duration; Author-Supplied Keyword: El Niño Southern Oscillation; Author-Supplied Keyword: El Niño Southern Oscillation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evapotranspiration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infiltration depth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pacific Decadal Oscillation; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00442-004-1570-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patra, A.
AU  - Baker, Gary A.
AU  - Baker, Sheila N.
T1  - Synthesis and luminescence study of Eu3+ in Zn2SiO4 nanocrystals
JO  - Optical Materials
JF  - Optical Materials
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 20
SN  - 09253467
AB  - The sol–emulsion–gel method is used for the preparation of Eu3+ doped Zn2SiO4 nanoparticles. The luminescence spectra at 613 nm (5D0 → 7F2) and lifetime of the excited state of Eu3+ ions doped Zn2SiO4 nanocrystals are also found to be sensitive to the concentration (0.25–2.5 mol%) of ions. In case of 1000 °C annealed sample (0.25 mol% Eu3+) showed the single component decay of 2.02 ms. However, with increasing the concentration the decay is biexponential. We attribute this to an inter-ion exchange interaction wherein the more rapid decay is due to pair or cluster formation and the longer-lived emission originates from isolated ions within the insulating host. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optical Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - IONS
KW  - ZINC
N1  - Accession Number: 14375877; Patra, A. 1; Email Address: apatra@cgcri.res.in Baker, Gary A. 2 Baker, Sheila N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sol–Gel Division, Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, Jadavpur 700032, India  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience and Chemistry Divisions, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p15; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ZINC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optmat.2004.01.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pang, Jong-Shi
AU  - Leyffer, Sven
T1  - On the global minimization of the value-at-risk.
JO  - Optimization Methods & Software
JF  - Optimization Methods & Software
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 611
EP  - 631
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 10556788
AB  - In this article, we consider the nonconvex minimization problem of the value-at-risk (VaR) that arise from financial risk analysis. By considering this problem as a special linear program (LP) with linear complementarity constraints (a bilevel LP to be more precise), we develop upper and lower bounds for the minimum VaR and show how the combined bounding procedures can be used to compute the latter value to global optimality. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the methodology. † The Margaret A. Darrin Distinguished Professor in Applied Mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Optimization Methods & Software is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL programming
KW  - NONCONVEX programming
KW  - FINANCE
KW  - RISK
KW  - LINEAR programming
KW  - VECTOR analysis
KW  - Branch-and-cut
KW  - Linear program with equilibrium constraints
KW  - Smoothing
KW  - Value-at-risk
N1  - Accession Number: 15059718; Pang, Jong-Shi 1,2; Email Address: pangj@rpi.edu Leyffer, Sven 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590 USA.  2: The Margaret A. Darrin Distinguished Professor in Applied Mathematics.  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p611; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL programming; Subject Term: NONCONVEX programming; Subject Term: FINANCE; Subject Term: RISK; Subject Term: LINEAR programming; Subject Term: VECTOR analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Branch-and-cut; Author-Supplied Keyword: Linear program with equilibrium constraints; Author-Supplied Keyword: Smoothing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Value-at-risk; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10556780410001704911
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schreuer, J.
AU  - Steurer, W.
AU  - Lograsso, T. A.
AU  - Wu, D.
T1  - Elastic properties of icosahedral i-Cd84Yb16 and hexagonal h-Cd51Yb14.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 84
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 643
EP  - 653
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - The elastic constants, their temperature and pressure derivatives, and coefficients of thermal expansion of the icosahedral quasicrystal i-Cd84Yb16, and of the hexagonal phase h-Cd51Yb14 have been studied by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, conventional ultrasonic resonance techniques and dilatometry, respectively. The elastic properties of both phases are very similar although they are structurally not related. Contrary to the assumption often found in quasicrystal literature, the similarity of particular physical properties is not necessarily an indication for structural similarity. Further, a first-order phase transition at about 111 K has been observed in h-Cd51Yb14 as indicated by a reversible discontinuity in the thermal expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - ICOSAHEDRA
KW  - SOLID geometry
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15984412; Schreuer, J. 1 Steurer, W. 2; Email Address: steurer@mat.ethz.ch Lograsso, T. A. 3 Wu, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Mineralogie/Kristallographie, Universität Frankfurt, D-60054 Frankfurt am Main, Germany  2: Laboratory of Crystallography, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland  3: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p643; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: ICOSAHEDRA; Subject Term: SOLID geometry; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09500830512331329132
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15984412&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ter-Akopian, G.M.
AU  - Daniel, A.V.
AU  - Fomichev, A.S.
AU  - Popeko, G.S.
AU  - Rodin, A.M.
AU  - Oganessian, Yu. Ts.
AU  - Hamilton, J.H.
AU  - Ramayya, A.V.
AU  - Kormicki, J.
AU  - Hwang, J.K.
AU  - Fong, D.
AU  - Gore, P.
AU  - Cole, J.D.
AU  - Jandel, M.
AU  - Kliman, J.
AU  - Krupa, L.
AU  - Rasmussen, J.O.
AU  - Lee, I.Y.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A.O.
AU  - Fallon, P.
T1  - New Data on the Ternary Fission of 252Cf from the Gammasphere Facility.
JO  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
JF  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 67
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1860
EP  - 1865
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637788
AB  - Ternary fission of 252Cf was studied at Gammasphere using eight ΔE × E particle telescopes. Helium, beryllium, boron, and carbon light charged particles (LCPs) emitted with kinetic energy more than 9, 21, 26, and 32 MeV, respectively, were identified. The 3368-keV γ transition from the first 2+ excited state in 10Be was found and the population probability ratio N(2+)/N(0+) = 0.160 ± 0.025 was estimated. No evidence was found for 3368-keV γ rays emitted from a triple molecular state. For the first time, charge distributions are obtained for ternary fission fragments emitted with helium, beryllium, and carbon LCPs.© 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Atomic Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - CARBON
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - NOBLE gases
N1  - Accession Number: 14752298; Ter-Akopian, G.M. 1; Email Address: Gurgen.TerAkopian@jinr.ru Daniel, A.V. 1 Fomichev, A.S. 1 Popeko, G.S. 1 Rodin, A.M. 1 Oganessian, Yu. Ts. 1 Hamilton, J.H. 2 Ramayya, A.V. 2 Kormicki, J. 2 Hwang, J.K. 2 Fong, D. 2 Gore, P. 2 Cole, J.D. 3 Jandel, M. 4 Kliman, J. 4 Krupa, L. 4 Rasmussen, J.O. 5 Lee, I.Y. 5 Macchiavelli, A.O. 5 Fallon, P. 5; Affiliation:  1: Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow oblast, 141980 Russia  2: Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA  3: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, USA  4: Department of Nuclear Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 67 Issue 10, p1860; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1811191
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14752298&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Voinov, A.V.
AU  - Schiller, A.
AU  - Algin, E.
AU  - Bernstein, L.A.
AU  - Garrett, P.E.
AU  - Guttormsen, M.
AU  - Nelson, R.O.
AU  - Rekstad, J.
AU  - Siem, S.
T1  - Nature of the Pygmy Resonance in Continuous γ Spectra.
JO  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
JF  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 67
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1866
EP  - 1872
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637788
AB  - Two-step-cascade spectra of the 171Yb(n, γγ)172Yb reaction have been measured using thermal neutrons. They are compared to calculations based on experimental values of the level density and radiative strength function obtained from the 173Yb(3He, αγ)172Yb reaction. The multipolarity of a 6.5(15) μN2 resonance at 3.3(1) MeV in the strength function is determined to be M1 by this comparison.© 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Atomic Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 14752297; Voinov, A.V. 1; Email Address: voinov@nf.jinr.ru Schiller, A. 2 Algin, E. 2,3,4,5 Bernstein, L.A. 2 Garrett, P.E. 2 Guttormsen, M. 6 Nelson, R.O. 7 Rekstad, J. 6 Siem, S. 6; Affiliation:  1: Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow oblast, 141980 Russia  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA  3: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA  4: Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, USA  5: Department of Physics, Osmangazi University, Meselik, Turkey  6: Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 67 Issue 10, p1866; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1811192
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14752297&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burkert, V.
AU  - Boluchevskii, A.A.
AU  - Mokeev, V.I.
AU  - Ripani, M.
AU  - Anghinolfi, M.
AU  - Battaglieri, B.
AU  - Golovach, E.N.
AU  - De Vita, R.
AU  - Elouadrhiri, L.
AU  - Ishkhanov, B.S.
AU  - Osipenko, M.V.
AU  - Ricco, G.
AU  - Taiuti, M.
AU  - Fedotov, G.V.
AU  - Isupov, E.L.
AU  - Markov, N.S.
AU  - Shvedunov, N.V.
T1  - New Possibilities for Studying Nucleon Resonances in the Production of π+π– Pairs by Polarized Electrons on an Unpolarized Proton.
JO  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
JF  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 67
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1918
EP  - 1922
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637788
AB  - The difference of the cross sections for double charged-pion production in the scattering of opposite-helicity electrons on an unpolarized proton is evaluated within the phenomenological model developed previously. The electromagnetic nucleon-resonance form factors and the parameters of nonresonance processes were taken from a fit to the latest data of the CLAS Collaboration on double charged-pion electroproduction. The effect of the longitudinal excitations of the P11(1440) and D13(1520) states on the difference of the helicity components of the cross section is studied. The sensitivity of this observable to the nucleon-resonance contribution opens the possibility of employing it both in extracting the Coulomb form factors and in seeking new baryon states. Signals from one of these states were possibly observed in the latest data of the CLAS Collaboration.© 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Atomic Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14752291; Burkert, V. 1 Boluchevskii, A.A. 2 Mokeev, V.I. 1,2 Ripani, M. 3 Anghinolfi, M. 3 Battaglieri, B. 3 Golovach, E.N. 2 De Vita, R. 3 Elouadrhiri, L. 1 Ishkhanov, B.S. 2,4 Osipenko, M.V. 2,3 Ricco, G. 3,5 Taiuti, M. 5 Fedotov, G.V. 2 Isupov, E.L. 4 Markov, N.S. 4 Shvedunov, N.V. 4; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Vorob'evy gory, Moscow, 119899 Russia  3: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova, Italy  4: Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Vorob'evy gory, Moscow, 119899 Russia  5: Università di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 67 Issue 10, p1918; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: BOOTSTRAP theory (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1811198
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14752291&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nash, T. J.
AU  - Deeney, C.
AU  - Chandler, G. A
AU  - Sinars, D. B.
AU  - Cuneo, M. E.
AU  - Waisman, E. M.
AU  - Stygar, W. A.
AU  - Wenger, D.
AU  - Speas, S.
AU  - Leeper, R. J.
AU  - Seaman, J. F.
AU  - McGurn, J.
AU  - Torres, J.
AU  - Jobe, D.
AU  - Gilliland, T.
AU  - Nielsen, D.
AU  - Hawn, R.
AU  - Seaman, H.
AU  - Keller, K.
AU  - Moore, T.
T1  - Comparison of a copper foil to a copper wire-array Z pinch at 18 MA.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - L65
EP  - L68
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Results from the first solid foil implosion on the 18-MA Z accelerator are reported. The foil implosion is compared to a 300-wire-array implosion with the same material and the same diameter, height, and total mass. Though both the foil and the array produced comparable x-ray yields, the array’s radiation burst was twice as powerful and half as long as the foil’s. These data along with x-ray backlighting images and inductance measurements suggest that the foil implosion was more unstable than the wire-array implosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER foil
KW  - COPPER wire
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTRIC inductance
N1  - Accession Number: 14688852; Nash, T. J. 1 Deeney, C. 1 Chandler, G. A 1 Sinars, D. B. 1 Cuneo, M. E. 1 Waisman, E. M. 1 Stygar, W. A. 1 Wenger, D. 1 Speas, S. 1 Leeper, R. J. 1 Seaman, J. F. 1 McGurn, J. 1 Torres, J. 1 Jobe, D. 1 Gilliland, T. 1 Nielsen, D. 1 Hawn, R. 1 Seaman, H. 1 Keller, K. 1 Moore, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS-1196, Department 1677-1515 Eubane, S.E. PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, pL65; Subject Term: COPPER foil; Subject Term: COPPER wire; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTRIC inductance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332999 All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1796352
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14688852&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarkisov, G. S.
AU  - Struve, K. W.
AU  - McDaniel, D. H.
T1  - Effect of current rate on energy deposition into exploding metal wires in vacuum.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4573
EP  - 4581
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - This paper presents direct experimental proof of a significant increase of energy deposition into a metal core before voltage breakdown with the current rate for nanosecond exploding wires in a vacuum. This effect is demonstrated for nine different refractory and nonrefractory metals. The strongest influence of current rate was demonstrated for tungsten wires. Increasing the current rate from 20 to 150 A/ns changes the wire core from a solid to a cluster-like state. For nonrefractory metals such as Ag, Al, Cu, and Au, fast explosion allows deposition inside a metal core 1.5–2.9 times the atomization enthalpy before voltage breakdown. The slow explosion, with 20 A/ns, gives 2–3 times less energy deposition before voltage breakdown than the fast-explosion mode. The current-rate effect is important for optimization of wire ablation, reduction of the mass left behind in the wire-array load, and final x-ray yield in modern multi-MA wire-array Z-pinch facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIRE
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - METALS
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - BREAKDOWN (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 14688884; Sarkisov, G. S. 1 Struve, K. W. 2 McDaniel, D. H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ktech Corporation, 1300 Eubank, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p4573; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: BREAKDOWN (Electricity); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784452
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14688884&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Strobel, G. L.
AU  - Haan, S. W.
AU  - Munro, D. H.
AU  - Dittrich, T. R.
AU  - Marinak, M. M.
AU  - Suter, L. J.
AU  - Lindl, J. D.
AU  - Herrmann, M. C.
T1  - Yield and hydrodynamic instability versus absorbed energy for a uniformly doped beryllium 250 eV ignition capsule.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4695
EP  - 4700
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A copper doped beryllium ablator capsule design is geometrically scaled from 190 kJ to 600 kJ absorbed energy for use as an ignition capsule driven at 250 eV on the National Ignition Facility [J. A. Paisner, J. D. Boyes, S. A. Kumpan, W. H. Lowdermilk, and M. S. Sorem, Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)]. The capsule design was previously optimized for 190 kJ fixed capsule absorbed energy. The optimization is confirmed at 377 kJ. Two-dimensional simulations are reported that determine surface roughness requirements and tolerance to radiative drive asymmetry over this absorbed energy range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - SURFACE roughness
N1  - Accession Number: 14688870; Strobel, G. L. 1,2; Email Address: gstrobel@hal.physast.uga.edu Haan, S. W. 1 Munro, D. H. 1 Dittrich, T. R. 1 Marinak, M. M. 1 Suter, L. J. 1 Lindl, J. D. 1 Herrmann, M. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: Physics Department, University of Georgia, Athens, GA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p4695; Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: SURFACE roughness; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1792615
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14688870&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taylor, G.
AU  - Efthimion, P. C.
AU  - Kessel, C. E.
AU  - Harvey, R. W.
AU  - Smirnov, A. P.
AU  - Ershov, N. M.
AU  - Carter, M. D.
AU  - Forest, C. B.
T1  - Efficient generation of noninductive, off-axis, Ohkawa current, driven by electron Bernstein waves in high β, spherical torus plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4733
EP  - 4739
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Off-axis rf-driven current can play a critical role in sustaining high β, spherical torus (ST) plasmas without a central solenoid. Numerical modeling of electron Bernstein wave current drive (EBWCD) for a β∼40% ST plasma predicts efficient, off-axis, Ohkawa EBWCD. Current can be efficiently driven at r/a>0.5 where the large trapped electron fraction precludes conventional Fisch-Boozer current drive and provides favorable conditions for Ohkawa EBWCD. Calculated normalized current drive efficiency increases with r/a and is a factor of 2 higher at r/a=0.7 than has been obtained with electron cyclotron current drive near the axis of large aspect ratio tokamaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - FUSION reactors
N1  - Accession Number: 14688862; Taylor, G. 1 Efthimion, P. C. 1 Kessel, C. E. 1 Harvey, R. W. 2 Smirnov, A. P. 3 Ershov, N. M. 3 Carter, M. D. 4 Forest, C. B. 5; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  2: CompX, Del Mar, California 92014  3: Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  5: Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p4733; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1792635
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14688862&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryutov, D. D.
AU  - Cohen, R. H.
AU  - Pearlstein, L. D.
T1  - Stability of a finite-length screw pinch revisited.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4740
EP  - 4752
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The ideal magnetohydrodynamic stability of a cylindrical screw pinch (i.e., a current-carrying plasma column embedded into an external axial magnetic field) has been considered in the past in great detail. However, the majority of these studies pertain, in fact, to an infinitely long pinch, where the axial eigenmodes can be represented as exp(ikz). The finite length is then accounted for by assigning a specific value to k, k=2π/L, with L being the distance between the electrodes; in this way, one recovers the familiar Kruskal–Shafranov (KS) stability condition. In the present paper it is emphasized that the solution of the exp(ikz) type cannot satisfy the boundary conditions at the conducting end plates. Previous papers on this subject are reviewed. An effective technique that allows one to analytically obtain stability criteria in the long-thin approximation is developed. Even in this (“long-thin”) case substantial deviations from the KS condition are found. In the general case, a convenient representation is obtained for the Green’s functions that express perturbations both inside and outside the plasma in terms of the radial displacement of the plasma boundary. These expressions are then used in combination with the energy principle to evaluate corrections to the long-thin approximation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - PLASMA stability
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
N1  - Accession Number: 14688861; Ryutov, D. D. 1 Cohen, R. H. 1 Pearlstein, L. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p4740; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMA stability; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781624
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14688861&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nishimura, Kazumi
AU  - Liang, Edison
T1  - Parameter study of the diamagnetic relativistic pulse accelerator in slab geometry. I. Dependence on initial frequency ratio and slab width.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4753
EP  - 4760
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Two-and-a-half-dimensional particle-in-cell plasma simulations are used to study the particle energization in expanding magnetized electron-positron plasmas with slab geometry. When the magnetized relativistic plasma with high temperature (electron and positron temperature are kBTe=kBTp=5 MeV) is expanding into a vacuum, the electromagnetic (EM) pulse with large amplitude is formed and the surface plasma particles are efficiently accelerated in the forward direction owing to the energy conversion from the EM field to the plasma particles. The behavior of the diamagnetic relativistic pulse accelerator depends strongly on the ratio of the electron plasma frequency to the cyclotron frequency ωpe/Ωe and the initial plasma thickness. In the high ωpe/Ωe case, the EM pulse is rapidly damped and the plasma diffuses uniformly without forming density peaks because the initial thermal energy of the plasma is much larger than the field energy. On the contrary, in the low ωpe/Ωe case, the field energy becomes large enough to energize all the plasma particles, which are confined in the EM pulse and efficiently accelerated to ultrarelativistic energies. It is also found that a thicker initial plasma increases the maximum energy of the accelerated particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - DIAMAGNETISM
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - SLABS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 14688860; Nishimura, Kazumi 1 Liang, Edison 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p4753; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: DIAMAGNETISM; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: SLABS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791211
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, C. Z.
AU  - Gorelenkov, N. N.
T1  - Trapped electron stabilization of ballooning modes in low aspect ratio toroidal plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 11
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4784
EP  - 4795
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The kinetic effects of trapped electron dynamics and finite gyroradii and magnetic drift motion of ions are shown to give rise to a large parallel electric field and hence a parallel current that greatly enhances the stabilizing effect of field line tension for ballooning modes in low aspect ratio toroidal plasmas. For large aspect ratio the stabilizing effect increases (reduces) the β(=2P/B2) threshold for the first (second) stability of the kinetic ballooning mode (KBM) from the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) β threshold value by a factor proportional to the trapped electron density fraction. For small aspect ratio the stabilizing effect can greatly increase the β threshold of the first stability of KBMs from the MHD β threshold by Sc≃1+(ne/neu)δ, where ne/neu is the ratio of the total electron density to the untrapped electron density, and δ depends on the trapped electron dynamics and finite gyroradii and magnetic drift motion of ions. If ne/neu>1 as in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono, Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] with an aspect ratio of ≃1.4, the KBM should be stable for β≤1 for finite magnetic shear. Therefore, unstable KBMs are expected only in the weak shear region near the radial location of the minimum of the safety factor in NSTX reverse shear discharges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 14688856; Cheng, C. Z. 1 Gorelenkov, N. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p4784; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1783313
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Tranquada, John
AU  - Strongin, Myron
AU  - Johnson, Peter
AU  - Kivelson, Steven
T1  - Victor John Emery.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 57
IS  - 10
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 92
EP  - 93
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for many-body theorist Victor John Emery.
KW  - EMERY, Victor John
N1  - Accession Number: 14647143; Tranquada, John Strongin, Myron Johnson, Peter 1 Kivelson, Steven 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York  2: University of California, Los Angeles; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 57 Issue 10, p92; People: EMERY, Victor John; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Obituary; Full Text Word Count: 907
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eisen, Michael B.
AU  - Brown, Patrick O.
AU  - Varmus, Harold E.
T1  - PLoS Medicine-- A Medical Journal for the Internet Age.
JO  - PLoS Medicine
JF  - PLoS Medicine
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 002
EP  - 003
PB  - Public Library of Science
SN  - 15491277
AB  - Focuses on the open-access publication for medical journals.  Discussion on the Internet access for search of medical information; Launch of the medical journal "PLoS Medicine"; Advantage of the journal for medical research; Information on limitations of publishing medical literature.
KW  - INTERNET publishing
KW  - MEDICAL publishing
KW  - INTERNET searching
KW  - MEDICAL research
KW  - MEDICAL literature
N1  - Accession Number: 14809550; Eisen, Michael B. 1,2 Brown, Patrick O. 1,3 Varmus, Harold E. 1,4; Email Address: plos@plos.org; Affiliation:  1: Co-founder of the Public Library of Science  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America  3: Stanford University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, California, United States of America  4: President and chief executive of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 1 Issue 1, p002; Subject Term: INTERNET publishing; Subject Term: MEDICAL publishing; Subject Term: INTERNET searching; Subject Term: MEDICAL research; Subject Term: MEDICAL literature; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1371/journal.pmed.0010031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yun, Seok I.
AU  - Melnichenko, Yuri B.
AU  - Wignall, George D.
T1  - Small-angle neutron scattering from symmetric blends of poly(dimethylsiloxane) and poly(ethylmethylsiloxane)
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 45
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7969
EP  - 7977
SN  - 00323861
AB  - We present results of a small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) study of the structure and thermodynamic properties of symmetric blends of deuterated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (d-PDMS) and poly(ethylmethylsiloxane) (PEMS) as a function of temperature (T) (40≤T≤300°C) and the molecular weight (Mw) (4700≤Mw≤23,200). The radius of gyration (Rg) of d-PDMS was measured using the high-concentration labeling method and revealed unperturbed chain dimensions at all temperatures regardless of the polymer Mw. The random phase approximation (RPA) fits the data for low Mw blends, however it fails to describe the SANS data for Mw>10,000g/mol. This observation is explained by the fact that for high Mw blends the correlation length of the concentration fluctuations ξ is always large (ξ>Rg), implying that these blends remain microscopically inhomogeneous at all temperatures studied in this work. At the same time, the low Mw blends are randomly mixed (ξ<Rg) at all T and can reach the ‘ideal mixing’ or Θ condition (χ=0). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ETHANES
KW  - Phase behavior
KW  - Polymer blends
KW  - SANS
N1  - Accession Number: 14715936; Yun, Seok I. 1 Melnichenko, Yuri B.; Email Address: yui@ornl.gov Wignall, George D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 45 Issue 23, p7969; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ETHANES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer blends; Author-Supplied Keyword: SANS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.09.050
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuller, Jack
AU  - Shadle, Larry
AU  - Joseph, Mei
T1  - Coal combustion concerns.
JO  - Power
JF  - Power
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 148
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 20
PB  - Access Intelligence LLC
SN  - 00325929
AB  - Presents the results of a survey conducted by the National Energy Technology Laboratory on critical combustion needs in coal-fired power plants in the U.S.  Reason behind the occurrence of tube bundle failures in fluidized-bed combustors; Concerns of utility owners of pulverized coal boilers; Relation of mechanical parts failure to boiler aging.
KW  - COAL-fired power plants
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - COMBUSTION chambers
KW  - PULVERIZED coal
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14982644; Fuller, Jack 1; Email Address: jfuller@wvu.edu Shadle, Larry 2 Joseph, Mei 2; Affiliation:  1: West Virginia University, Emerita  2: DOE's National Energy Technology Laboratory; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 148 Issue 8, p18; Subject Term: COAL-fired power plants; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: COMBUSTION chambers; Subject Term: PULVERIZED coal; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562213 Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 497
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nie, Jinsuo
AU  - Ellingwood, Bruce R.
T1  - A new directional simulation method for system reliability. Part I: application of deterministic point sets
JO  - Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics
JF  - Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 436
SN  - 02668920
AB  - To assess structural system reliability accurately, simulation is often the only feasible method because of dimensionality, highly nonlinear limit states, small failure probability and other factors. However, simulations can be computationally inefficient when the reliability assessment involves finite element analysis and the cost of structural analysis is large. Efficient directional simulation, as well as other simulation techniques, often can be improved in terms of accuracy and efficiency if the sample points are identified by deterministic point sets rather than generated randomly. This article introduces and investigates various deterministic point sets theoretically and experimentally in conjunction with directional simulation, and identifies one particular point set (Fekete point set) as being especially useful in this regard. New test measures are proposed to evaluate the quality and uniformity of point sets, which are essential in preserving the underlying probability distribution. A companion paper presents a point set refinement scheme using neural networks, which is a technique parallel to importance sampling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL engineering
KW  - RELIABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering)
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - Computational mechanics
KW  - Directional simulation
KW  - Probability
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Structural engineering
KW  - reliability
N1  - Accession Number: 14610003; Nie, Jinsuo 1 Ellingwood, Bruce R. 2; Email Address: bruce.ellingwood@ce.gatech.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Sciences & Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 130, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: College of Engineering Distinguished Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p425; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL engineering; Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Engineering); Subject Term: STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: STATISTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Directional simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: reliability; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.probengmech.2004.03.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nie, Jinsuo
AU  - Ellingwood, Bruce R.
T1  - A new directional simulation method for system reliability. Part II: application of neural networks
JO  - Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics
JF  - Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 447
SN  - 02668920
AB  - A challenge in directional importance sampling is in identifying the location and the shape of the importance sampling density function when a realistic limit state for a structural system is considered in a finite element-supported reliability analysis. Deterministic point refinement schemes, previously studied in place of directional importance sampling, can be improved by prior knowledge of the limit state. This paper introduces two types of neural networks that identify the location and shape of the limit state quickly and thus facilitate directional simulation-based reliability assessment using the deterministic Fekete point sets introduced in the companion paper. A set of limit states composed of linear functions are used to test the efficiency and possible directional preference of the networks. These networks are shown in the tests and examples to reduce the simulation effort in finite element-based reliability assessment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYSTEMS engineering
KW  - RELIABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - Computational mechanics
KW  - Directional importance sampling
KW  - Neural networks
KW  - Probability
KW  - Reliability
KW  - Statistics
N1  - Accession Number: 14610004; Nie, Jinsuo 1; Email Address: bruce.ellingwood@ce.gatech.edu Ellingwood, Bruce R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Sciences and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 130, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: College of Engineering Distinguished Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p437; Subject Term: SYSTEMS engineering; Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Engineering); Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Directional importance sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neural networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reliability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistics; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.probengmech.2004.03.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14610004&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dean, D.J.
AU  - Engeland, T.
AU  - Hjorth-Jensen, M.
AU  - Kartamyshev, M.P.
AU  - Osnes, E.
T1  - Effective interactions and the nuclear shell-model
JO  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
JF  - Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 53
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 419
EP  - 500
SN  - 01466410
AB  - This review aims at a critical discussion of the interplay between effective interactions derived from various many-body approaches and spectroscopic data extracted from large scale shell-model studies. To achieve this, our many-body scheme starts with the free nucleon–nucleon (NN) interaction, typically modeled on various meson exchanges. The NN interaction is in turn renormalized in order to derive an effective medium dependent interaction. The latter is in turn used in shell-model calculations of selected nuclei. We also describe how to sum up the parquet class of diagrams and present initial uses of the effective interactions in coupled cluster many-body theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
N1  - Accession Number: 14034646; Dean, D.J. 1,2; Email Address: dean@orph01.phy.orn1.gov Engeland, T. 2,3 Hjorth-Jensen, M. 2,3 Kartamyshev, M.P. 2,3 Osnes, E. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6373, USA  2: Center of Mathematics for Applications, University of Oslo, Norway  3: Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Norway; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p419; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Number of Pages: 82p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ppnp.2004.05.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Persaud, A.
AU  - Park, S. J.
AU  - Liddle, J. A.
AU  - Rangelow, I. W.
AU  - Bokor, J.
AU  - Keller, R.
AU  - Allen, F. I.
AU  - Schneider, D. H.
AU  - Schenkel, T.
T1  - Quantum Computer Development with Single Ion Implantation.
JO  - Quantum Information Processing
JF  - Quantum Information Processing
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 3
IS  - 1-5
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 245
SN  - 15700755
AB  - Spins of single donor atoms are attractive candidates for large scale quantum information processing in silicon. Formation of devices with a few qubits is crucial for validation of basic ideas and development of a scalable architecture. We describe our development of a single ion implantation technique for placement of single atoms into device structures. Collimated highly charged ion beams are aligned with a scanning probe microscope. Enhanced secondary electron emission due tohigh ion charge states (e.g., 31P13+, or 126Te33+)allows efficient detection of single ion impacts. Studies of electrical activation of low dose, low energy implants of 31P in silicon show a drastic effect of dopant segregation to the SiO2/Si interface,while Si3N4/Si retards 31P segregation. We discuss resolution limiting factors in ion placement, and process challenges forintegration of single atom arrays with control gates and single electron transistors. PACS: 03.67.Lx, 34.50.Dy, 85.35.Gv, 73.23, 61.72, 86.40.py, 07.79.-v [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Quantum Information Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM computers
KW  - QUANTUM computer peripherals
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - INFORMATION processing
KW  - SILICON industry
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PARTICLE range (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Coulomb blockade
KW  - Electron emission
KW  - ion doping
KW  - quantum computation
KW  - quantum computation.
KW  - scanning probe
KW  - single electron devices
N1  - Accession Number: 20925130; Persaud, A. 1 Park, S. J. 1 Liddle, J. A. 1 Rangelow, I. W. 2 Bokor, J. 1,3 Keller, R. 1 Allen, F. I. 1 Schneider, D. H. 4 Schenkel, T. 1; Email Address: T_Schenkel@LBL.gov; Affiliation:  1: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Institute of Microstructure Technologies and Analytics, University of Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany  3: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 3 Issue 1-5, p233; Subject Term: QUANTUM computers; Subject Term: QUANTUM computer peripherals; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: INFORMATION processing; Subject Term: SILICON industry; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PARTICLE range (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Coulomb blockade; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron emission; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion doping; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantum computation; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantum computation.; Author-Supplied Keyword: scanning probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: single electron devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s11128-004-3879-1
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vilaithong, T.
AU  - Yu, L.D.
AU  - Apavatjrut, P.
AU  - Phanchaisri, B.
AU  - Sangyuenyongpipat, S.
AU  - Anuntalabhochai, S.
AU  - Brown, I.G.
T1  - Heavy ion induced DNA transfer in biological cells
JO  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
JF  - Radiation Physics & Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 71
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 927
EP  - 935
SN  - 0969806X
AB  - Low-energy ion beam bombardment of biological materials for genetic modification purposes has experienced rapid growth in the last decade, particularly for the direct DNA transfer into living organisms including both plants and bacteria. Attempts have been made to understand the mechanisms involved in ion-bombardment-induced direct gene transfer into biological cells. Here we summarize the present status of the application of low-energy ions for genetic modification of living sample materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiation Physics & Chemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT development
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - GENETIC transformation
KW  - Biological cells
KW  - DNA transfer
KW  - Ion bombardment
KW  - Low-energy heavy ion
N1  - Accession Number: 14185832; Vilaithong, T. 1; Email Address: thirapat@fnrf.science.cmu.ac.th Yu, L.D. 1 Apavatjrut, P. 2 Phanchaisri, B. 3 Sangyuenyongpipat, S. 1 Anuntalabhochai, S. 4 Brown, I.G. 5; Affiliation:  1: Fast Neutron Research Facility, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  2: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  3: Institute for Science and Technology Research & Development, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  4: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand  5: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 71 Issue 3/4, p927; Subject Term: PLANT development; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion bombardment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy heavy ion; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2004.04.136
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14185832&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lowney, D. P.
AU  - Heimann, P. A.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
AU  - Gullikson, E. M.
AU  - MacPhee, A. G.
AU  - Falcone, R. W.
T1  - Characterization of CsI photocathodes at grazing incidence for use in a unit quantum efficiency x-ray streak camera.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3131
EP  - 3137
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The performance of CsI photocathodes has been characterized for use with grazing incidence soft x rays. The total electron yield and pulsed quantum efficiency of a CsI photocathode has been measured in a reflection geometry as a function of photon energy (100 eV to 1 keV), angle of incidence, and the electric field between the anode and photocathode. The total electron yield and pulsed quantum efficiency increase as the x-ray penetration depth approaches the secondary electron escape depth. Unit quantum efficiency in a grazing incidence geometry is demonstrated. A weak electric-field dependence is observed for the total yield measurements; while no significant dependence is found for the pulsed quantum efficiency. The effect of the pulse height distribution on the detective quantum efficiency is discussed. Theoretical predictions agree accurately with experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RANGE management
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RANGELANDS
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 14842398; Lowney, D. P. 1; Email Address: dplowney@lbl.gov Heimann, P. A. 1 Padmore, H. A. 1 Gullikson, E. M. 2 MacPhee, A. G. 3 Falcone, R. W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Systems Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3131; Subject Term: RANGE management; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RANGELANDS; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790558
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842398&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Du, X.
AU  - Bailey, K.
AU  - Lu, Z.-T.
AU  - Mueller, P.
AU  - O'Connor, T. P.
AU  - Young, L.
T1  - An atom trap system for practical 81Kr dating.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3224
EP  - 3232
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - 81Kr (t1/2=2.3×105 yr, 81Kr/Kr∼6×10-13) is a long-lived cosmogenic isotope, which is ideal for dating old groundwater and ice in the age range of 50,000 years to 1 million years. Here, we describe the apparatus and performance of an atom-counting system for practical 81Kr dating. This system is based upon the atom trap trace analysis method that was first demonstrated in 1999. Since then, significant improvements have been made to increase the system efficiency and to reduce the required krypton sample size. For a modern krypton gas sample of 100 μl STP, which contains 1.2×10681Kr atoms, the system can accumulate approximately 240 81Kr counts in 20 h, thereby reaching a counting efficiency of 2×10-4. Detailed studies have been conducted to characterize the performance of this system. This system has been calibrated with a low-level counting method and has been used for 81Kr dating of ancient groundwater from the Nubian Aquifer (Egypt). It can also be used to measure the isotopic abundance of a fission-produced isotope 85Kr (t1/2=10.76 year,85Kr/Kr∼2×10-11). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - SAMPLING (Statistics)
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842384; Du, X. 1,2; Email Address: du@physics.utexas.edu Bailey, K. 1 Lu, Z.-T. 1; Email Address: lu@anl.gov Mueller, P. 1 O'Connor, T. P. 1 Young, L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  2: Physics Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208.  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3224; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: SAMPLING (Statistics); Subject Term: ATOMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790562
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842384&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drake, Ian J.
AU  - Liu, Teris C. N.
AU  - Gilles, Mary
AU  - Tyliszczak, Tolek
AU  - Kilcoyne, A. L. David
AU  - Shuh, David K.
AU  - Mathies, Richard A.
AU  - Bell, Alexis T.
T1  - An in situ cell for characterization of solids by soft x-ray absorption.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3242
EP  - 3247
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A cell has been designed and fabricated for in situ characterization of catalysts and environmental materials using soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy and spectromicroscopy at photon energies above 250 eV. “Lab-on-a-chip” technologies were used to fabricate the cell on a glass wafer. The sample compartment is 1.0 mm in diameter and has a gas path length of 0.8 mm to minimize x-ray absorption in the gas phase. The sample compartment can be heated to 533 K by an Al resistive heater and gas flows up to 5.0 cm3 min-1 can be supplied to the sample compartment through microchannels. The performance of the cell was tested by acquiring Cu L3-edge x-ray appearance near-edge structure (XANES) data during the reduction and oxidation of a silica-supported Cu catalyst using the beam line 11.0.2 scanning transmission x-ray microscope (STXM) at the Advanced Light Source of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley, CA). Two-dimensional images of individual catalyst particles were recorded at photon energies between 926 and 937 eV, the energy range in which the Cu(II) and Cu(I) L3 absorption edges are observed. Oxidation state specific images of the catalyst clearly show the disappearance of Cu(II) species during the exposure of the oxidized sample to 4% CO in He while increasing the temperature from 308 to 473 K. Reoxidation restores the intensity of the image associated with Cu(II). Cu L3-edge XANES spectra obtained from stacks of STXM images show that with increasing temperature the Cu(II) peak intensity decreases as the Cu(I) peak intensity increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - GAS flow
N1  - Accession Number: 14842381; Drake, Ian J. 1 Liu, Teris C. N. 1,2 Gilles, Mary 3 Tyliszczak, Tolek 3 Kilcoyne, A. L. David 4 Shuh, David K. 3 Mathies, Richard A. 2 Bell, Alexis T. 1,3; Email Address: bell@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1462.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1461.  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  4: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3242; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: GAS flow; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791320
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842381&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - DeMange, P.
AU  - Carr, C. W.
AU  - Radousky, H. B.
AU  - Demos, S. G.
T1  - System for evaluation of laser-induced damage performance of optical materials for large aperture lasers.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3298
EP  - 3301
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The evaluation of optical components in various laser systems, with regard to their resistance to laser-induced damage, has often relied on measuring damage threshold fluences. For large-aperture laser systems a small amount of damage in optics does not impede performance. This necessitates the development of damage testing instrumentation that can directly provide information regarding beam obscuration. The number and size of damage scattering sites for a specific laser fluence, wavelength, and pulse duration determine overall beam losses due to damage. We present a design for rapid quantitative characterization of bulk damage performance of optical materials for use in large-aperture laser systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - INSTRUMENT industry
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - LASER beams
N1  - Accession Number: 14842372; DeMange, P. 1; Email Address: demange1@llnl.gov Carr, C. W. 1 Radousky, H. B. 1 Demos, S. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3298; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: INSTRUMENT industry; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: LASER beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423490 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791319
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842372&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xu
AU  - Pun, Arthur F.
AU  - Xin, Yan
AU  - Zheng, Jim P.
T1  - Low cost multitarget holder for pulsed laser deposition system.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3365
EP  - 3367
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A low cost multi-target holder (MTH) designed for pulsed laser deposition (PLD) systems fit for vacuum chamber ports of all size was designed and fabricated using only one rotary-linear motion feedthrough. This system can be used with vacuum chamber ports of small size because of the elimination of a second feedthrough. It provides current PLD chambers without enough large ports the ability to grow multi-layer films, and can decrease the required PLD chamber size. Its design of separate low cost MTH head and stud modules can be utilized to further prevent cross contamination from different multi-layer film fabrications. The MTH described was successfully utilized to grow SrRuO3–SrTiO3–SrRuO3 tri-layer films on LaAlO3 substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
N1  - Accession Number: 14842358; Wang, Xu 1,2; Email Address: wang@eng.fsu.edu Pun, Arthur F. 1,2 Xin, Yan 3 Zheng, Jim P. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University.  2: Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310.  3: Magnet Science and Technology, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3365; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791891
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842358&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carey, C. S.
AU  - Furno, I.
AU  - Weisen, H.
AU  - Behn, R.
AU  - Fable, E.
AU  - Angioni, C.
T1  - Application of the singular value decomposition method for inversion of interferometer measurements in fusion plasmas.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3411
EP  - 3413
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We present applications of a recently developed method, the singular value decomposition inversion (SVD-I), for inverting line integrated multichannel interferometer measurements in fusion devices. The method expands the local electron density profiles into a limited series of orthogonal basis functions formed from the singular value decomposition of Thomson scattering measurements, which are obtained at much lower frequencies than the interferometer data. Because these basis functions are formed from a local measurement of the electron densities in the same plasmas, they are well adapted to the class of density profiles to be reconstructed. Using this expansion, the inversion of the interferometer data are reduced to solving an overdetermined set of equations. SVD-I is significantly faster than regularization methods and more accurate for reconstructing hollow profiles. This method, which combines the high bandwidth of interferometer systems with the spatial accuracy of Thomson scattering, is applied to invert data from a 14-chord interferometer on the TCV tokamak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 14842349; Carey, C. S. 1 Furno, I. 1 Weisen, H. 2; Email Address: henri.weisen@epfl.ch Behn, R. 2 Fable, E. 2 Angioni, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, M.S. E526, Los Alamos, New Mexico.  2: Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas, Association EURATOM-Confédération Suisse, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.  3: Max-Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstrasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3411; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779613
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842349&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, K. C.
AU  - Domier, C. W.
AU  - Johnson, M.
AU  - Luhmann, N. C.
AU  - Park, H.
T1  - Edge density fluctuation characterization in H-mode and polarimetry measurement via the FIReTIP system on NSTX.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3433
EP  - 3435
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The edge interferometry channel of the far infrared tangential interferometer polarimeter (FIReTIP) is used to characterize the localized edge density fluctuations during the L/H transition in conjunction with other edge diagnostic systems on the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment (NSTX). With the high IF frequency employing a “Stark-tuned” laser as local oscillator, it is possible to measure the absolute level of fluctuations at high time resolution. Density fluctuation measurements using FIReTIP are feasible at both the high field side and the low field side boundary throughout the plasma shot. The normalized level of measured density fluctuations was in the range of 0.01–0.3 depending upon the channel location and the plasma confinement. The experimental results showed that the sampling rate of 500 KHz was sufficiently high to produce valuable frequency spectral information during the L/H transition, ELMs period and TAE/f.b.s activities. The improved polarimetry measurement was introduced for the para/diamagnetic study of the NSTX plasma. Multichannel operation of FIReTIP with high resolution density measurement provides promising opportunities as a density fluctuation diagnostic system for turbulence/transport and boundary physics studies as well as the robust density measurement for plasma operation. In this article, a brief description of the upgraded portion of the FIReTIP system will be given together with the experimental results of spectral analysis of the edge fluctuations and assessments on polarimetry signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARIMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
N1  - Accession Number: 14842342; Lee, K. C. 1; Email Address: kclee@pppl.gov Domier, C. W. 1 Johnson, M. 1 Luhmann, N. C. 1 Park, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3433; Subject Term: POLARIMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1786644
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842342&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhehui Wang
AU  - Wurden, G. A.
T1  - Hypervelocity dust beam injection for national spherical torus experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3436
EP  - 3438
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An internal magnetic field measurement technique using hypervelocity dust beam injection is described for eventual implementation on the National Spherical Torus experiment. The principle of the diagnostic has been described previously [Wang and Wurden, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74, 1887 (2003)]. Approximately 200 kV of electrostatic potential will be used to accelerate multiple dust particles to velocities in the range of 1.0–10 km/s. A fast framing camera will be used to visualize and map two-dimensional internal magnetic field structure from the orientation of the visible light emissions generated by the plumes associated with the hypervelocity dust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - PLUMES (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - MAGNETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842341; Zhehui Wang 1; Email Address: zwang@lanl.gov Wurden, G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3436; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: PLUMES (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784529
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842341&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hillis, D. L.
AU  - Fehling, D. T.
AU  - Bell, R. E.
AU  - Johnson, D. W.
AU  - Zastrow, K.-D.
AU  - Meigs, A.
AU  - Negus, C.
AU  - Giroud, C.
AU  - Stamp, M.
T1  - A high throughput spectrometer system for helium ash detection on JET.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3449
EP  - 3451
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Acquiring information about helium ash production and transport is fundamental for future burning plasma devices, such as International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, since the helium ash must be continuously removed from the plasma to prevent the dilution of the deuterium–tritium (DT) fuel. This diagnostic for future JET DT operation uses charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS) in conjunction with the JET neutral heating beam to measure the helium density at 20 radial locations across the JET plasma via the 4686 Å He+ line and an array of heated 1 mm quartz fibers. The CXRS diagnostic utilizes a high throughput short focal length spectrometer with f/1.8 input optics, two entrance slits, a holographic transmission grating, and refractive optics. The detector is a thinned back-illuminated charge coupled device that has high quantum efficiency, a 10 MHz readout speed, and a time resolution of 5 ms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842337; Hillis, D. L. 1; Email Address: hillisdl@ornl.gov Fehling, D. T. 1 Bell, R. E. 2 Johnson, D. W. 2 Zastrow, K.-D. 3 Meigs, A. 3 Negus, C. 3 Giroud, C. 3 Stamp, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  3: EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3449; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DETECTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1784530
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842337&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burrell, K. H.
AU  - Gohil, P.
AU  - Groebner, R. J.
AU  - Kaplan, D. H.
AU  - Robinson, J. I.
AU  - Solomon, W. M.
T1  - Improved charge-coupled device detectors for high-speed, charge exchange spectroscopy studies on the DIII-D tokamak.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3455
EP  - 3457
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Charge exchange spectroscopy is one of the key ion diagnostics on the DIII-D tokamak. It allows determination of ion temperature, poloidal and toroidal velocity, impurity density, and radial electric field Er throughout the plasma. For the 2003 experimental campaign, we replaced the intensified photodiode array detectors on the central portion of the DIII-D charge exchange spectroscopy system with advanced charge–coupled device (CCD) detectors mounted on faster (f/4.7) Czerny–Turner spectrometers equipped with toroidal mirrors. The CCD detectors are improved versions of the ones installed on our edge system in 1999. The combination improved the photoelectron signal level by about a factor of 20 and the signal to noise by a factor of 2–8, depending on the absolute signal level. The new cameras also allow shorter minimum integration times while archiving to PC memory: 0.552 ms for the slower, lower-read noise (15 e) readout mode and 0.274 ms in the faster, higher-read noise (30 e) mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHOTODIODES
N1  - Accession Number: 14842335; Burrell, K. H. 1; Email Address: burrell@fusion.gat.com Gohil, P. 1 Groebner, R. J. 1 Kaplan, D. H. 1 Robinson, J. I. 1 Solomon, W. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3455; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHOTODIODES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787949
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842335&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Foley, E. L.
AU  - Levinton, F. M.
T1  - Development of the motional Stark effect with laser-induced fluorescence diagnostic.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3462
EP  - 3464
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The motional Stark effect diagnostic (MSE) is presently a widely accepted technique for measuring the magnetic field pitch angle in high field (>1 T) plasma devices. A hydrogen neutral beam passing through a magnetic field perceives υ×B electric field, and its Balmer-α spectral emission is split and polarized by the linear Stark effect. The technique cannot be readily used at lower magnetic fields, due to loss of polarization fraction when lines of different polarization overlap due to line broadening which is on the order of the separation. This article describes the development of a technique to extend the capability of MSE to include lower fields (0.01 T and up) and the field magnitude as well as direction. The technique employs laser-induced fluorescence on a diagnostic neutral beam. The narrow-band laser and low energy spread neutral beam allow the observed linewidths to be significantly narrower than these observed from previously employed collisionally induced fluorescence systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STARK effect
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 14842333; Foley, E. L. 1; Email Address: efoley@princeton.edu Levinton, F. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey.  2: Nova Photonics, Inc., Princeton, New Jersey.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3462; Subject Term: STARK effect; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779616
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842333&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solomon, W. M.
AU  - Burrell, K. H.
AU  - Gohil, P.
AU  - Groebner, R. J.
AU  - Baylor, L. R.
T1  - Extraction of poloidal velocity from charge exchange recombination spectroscopy measurements.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3481
EP  - 3486
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An approach has been implemented on the DIII-D tokamak to allow the correct determination of the plasma poloidal velocity from charge exchange spectroscopy measurements. Unlike usual techniques, the need for detailed atomic physics calculations to properly interpret the results is alleviated. Instead, the needed atomic physics corrections are self-consistently determined directly from the measurements, by making use of specially chosen viewing chords. Modeling results are presented that were used to determine a set of views capable of measuring the correction terms. We present the analysis of a quiescent H-mode discharge, illustrating that significant modifications to the velocity profiles are required in these high ion temperature conditions. We also present preliminary measurements providing a direct comparison of the standard cross-section correction to the atomic physics calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - IONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14842327; Solomon, W. M. 1; Email Address: wsolomon@pppl.gov Burrell, K. H. 2 Gohil, P. 2 Groebner, R. J. 2 Baylor, L. R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P. O. Box 451, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  2: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608.  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3481; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842327&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Séguin, F. H.
AU  - DeCiantis, J. L.
AU  - Frenje, J. A.
AU  - Kurebayashi, S.
AU  - Li, C. K.
AU  - Rygg, J. R.
AU  - Chen, C.
AU  - Berube, V.
AU  - Schwartz, B. E.
AU  - Petrasso, R. D.
AU  - Smalyuk, V. A.
AU  - Marshall, F. J.
AU  - Knauer, J. P.
AU  - Delettrez, J. A.
AU  - McKenty, P. W.
AU  - Meyerhofer, D. D.
AU  - Roberts, S.
AU  - Sangster, T. C.
AU  - Mikaelian, K.
AU  - Park, H. S.
T1  - D3He-proton emission imaging for inertial-confinement-fusion experiments (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3520
EP  - 3525
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Proton emission imaging cameras, in combination with proton spectrometers and a proton temporal diagnostic, provide a great deal of information about the spatial structure and time evolution of inertial-confinement fusion capsule implosions. When used with D3He-filled capsules, multiple proton emission imaging cameras measure the spatial distribution of fusion burn, with three-dimensional information about burn symmetry. Simultaneously, multiple spectrometers measure areal density as a function of angle around the imploded capsule. Experiments at the OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] have already proven the utility of this approach. An introduction to the hardware used for penumbral imaging, and algorithms used to create images of the burn region, are provided here along with simple scaling laws relating image resolution and signal-to-noise ratio to characteristics of the cameras and the burn region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS -- Spectra
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842316; Séguin, F. H. 1; Email Address: seguin@mit.edu DeCiantis, J. L. 1 Frenje, J. A. 1 Kurebayashi, S. 1 Li, C. K. 1 Rygg, J. R. 1 Chen, C. 1 Berube, V. 1 Schwartz, B. E. 1 Petrasso, R. D. 1 Smalyuk, V. A. 2 Marshall, F. J. 2 Knauer, J. P. 2 Delettrez, J. A. 2 McKenty, P. W. 2 Meyerhofer, D. D. 2 Roberts, S. 2 Sangster, T. C. 2 Mikaelian, K. 3 Park, H. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusett 02139.  2: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3520; Subject Term: PROTONS -- Spectra; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: PROTONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788892
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842316&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mackinnon, A. J.
AU  - Patel, P. K.
AU  - Town, R. P.
AU  - Edwards, M. J.
AU  - Phillips, T.
AU  - Lerner, S. C.
AU  - Price, D. W.
AU  - Hicks, D.
AU  - Key, M. H.
AU  - Hatchett, S.
AU  - Wilks, S. C.
AU  - Borghesi, M.
AU  - Romagnani, L.
AU  - Kar, S.
AU  - Toncian, T.
AU  - Pretzler, G.
AU  - Willi, O.
AU  - Koenig, M.
AU  - Martinolli, E.
AU  - Lepape, S.
T1  - Proton radiography as an electromagnetic field and density perturbation diagnostic (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3531
EP  - 3536
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Laser driven proton beams have been used to diagnose transient fields and density perturbations in laser produced plasmas. Grid deflectometry techniques have been applied to proton radiography to obtain precise measurements of proton beam angles caused by electromagnetic fields in laser produced plasmas. Application of proton radiography to laser driven implosions has demonstrated that density conditions in compressed media can be diagnosed with million electron volt protons. This data has shown that proton radiography can provide unique insight into transient electromagnetic fields in super critical density plasmas and provide a density perturbation diagnostics in compressed matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14842314; Mackinnon, A. J. 1; Email Address: mackinnon2@LLNL.GOV Patel, P. K. 1 Town, R. P. 1 Edwards, M. J. 1 Phillips, T. 1 Lerner, S. C. 1 Price, D. W. 1 Hicks, D. 1 Key, M. H. 1 Hatchett, S. 1 Wilks, S. C. 1 Borghesi, M. 2 Romagnani, L. 2 Kar, S. 2 Toncian, T. 3 Pretzler, G. 3 Willi, O. 3 Koenig, M. 4 Martinolli, E. 4 Lepape, S. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, L-399 Livermore, California 94550.  2: Department of Physics, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom.  3: Heinrich University, Dusseldorf, Germany.  4: Ecole Polytechnique, France.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3531; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788893
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842314&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glebov, V. Yu.
AU  - Stoeckl, C.
AU  - Sangster, T. C.
AU  - Roberts, S.
AU  - Schmid, G. J.
AU  - Lerche, R. A.
AU  - Moran, M. J.
T1  - Prototypes of National Ignition Facility neutron time-of-flight detectors tested on OMEGA.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3559
EP  - 3562
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Prototypes of several National Ignition Facility (NIF) neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detectors have been built and tested on OMEGA. One group uses a plastic scintillator coupled with a microchannel plate (MCP) photomultiplier tube (PMT), either a single-stage (gain up to 103) MCP PMT and a two-stage (gain up to 106) MCP PMT. Two ultrafast scintillators—BC-422 and BC-422Q—were used. Another nTOF prototype is based on a synthetic diamond wafer produced by the chemical vapor deposition. The nTOF detectors were tested on DD (2.45 MeV) and DT (14.1 MeV) neutron-producing implosions on OMEGA. Based on the results of these tests, a set of nTOF detectors is proposed for use on the NIF to measure ion temperature and DD and DT neutron yields from 109 to 1019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - MICROREACTORS
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842306; Glebov, V. Yu. 1; Email Address: vgle@lle.rochester.edu Stoeckl, C. 1 Sangster, T. C. 1 Roberts, S. 1 Schmid, G. J. 2 Lerche, R. A. 2 Moran, M. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3559; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: MICROREACTORS; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788875
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842306&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baeumel, S.
AU  - Werner, A.
AU  - Semler, R.
AU  - Mukherjee, S.
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
AU  - Ellis, R.
AU  - Cecil, F. E.
AU  - Pedrick, L.
AU  - Altmann, H.
AU  - Kiptily, V.
AU  - Gafert, J.
T1  - Scintillator probe for lost alpha measurements in JET.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3563
EP  - 3565
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Good confinement of alpha particles in a large magnetic fusion device is a precondition for building a magnetic fusion reactor. The direct measurement of alpha particle losses is of particular interest. Appropriate diagnostics are now being prepared for the Joint European Torus tokamak: a scintillator probe and a set of Faraday cups. Both systems are capable of measuring charged fusion products and ion cyclotron resonance heating tail ions. The design of the lost alpha particle scintillator probe is in the scope of this article. It will allow the detection of particles with a gyroradius between 20 and 140 mm (15% resolution) and a pitch angle between 30° and 86° (5% resolution). As scintillating material P56 will be used. The light emitted by the scintillator caused by charged particles that pass the collimator and hit the scintillator will be detected via a set of optical lenses and a coherent image fiber bundle with a charge coupled device camera and a photomultiplier array. In the following the present design of the scintillator probe with emphasis on the performance of the system, structural resistance against plasma disruptions, and the requirements on the heat protection against plasma and neutral beam induced thermal loads will be described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842305; Baeumel, S. 1 Werner, A. 1 Semler, R. 1 Mukherjee, S. 1 Darrow, D. S. 2 Ellis, R. 2 Cecil, F. E. 3 Pedrick, L. 4 Altmann, H. 4 Kiptily, V. 4 Gafert, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik EURATOM-Association, Wendelsteinstr. 1, 17491 Greifswald, GER.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey.  3: Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, Colorado.  4: EFDA-JET, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3563; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787916
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842305&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
AU  - Bäumel, S.
AU  - Cecil, F. E.
AU  - Kiptily, V.
AU  - Ellis, R.
AU  - Pedrick, L.
AU  - Werner, A.
T1  - Design and construction of a fast ion loss Faraday cup array diagnostic for Joint European Torus.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3566
EP  - 3568
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A thin foil Faraday cup array is being built to measure the loss of 3.5 MeV alpha particles and MeV ion cyclotron heating tail ions on Joint European Torus. It will consist of nine detectors spread over five different poloidal locations and three radial positions. They will measure the poloidal distribution and radial scrape off of the losses. The detectors will be comprised of four layers of thin (2.5 μm) Ni foil, giving some resolution of the lost particle energy distribution as different ranges of energies will stop in different layers of the detector. One detector will utilize eight thinner (1.0 μm) foils to obtain a better-resolved energy distribution. These detectors will accept particles incident up to 45° from the normal to the foils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SPECTRAL energy distribution
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14842304; Darrow, D. S. 1; Email Address: ddarrow@ppl.gov Bäumel, S. 2 Cecil, F. E. 3 Kiptily, V. 4 Ellis, R. 1 Pedrick, L. 4 Werner, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451.  2: Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany.  3: Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401.  4: UKAEA Culham Laboratory, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3566; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SPECTRAL energy distribution; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788876
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842304&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cecil, F. E.
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
AU  - Budny, R. V.
T1  - Preliminary calculations of expected signal levels of a thin Faraday foil lost alpha particle diagnostic for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3569
EP  - 3571
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Thin Faraday collectors are being considered as a diagnostic of lost alpha particles on International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). In an effort to evaluate the viability of this diagnostic, we are undertaking a series of calculations of the signal levels (A/cm2) for such devices. Preliminary results assuming a model high yield ITER plasma have been obtained for locations near the outer wall assuming a toroidally symmetric vacuum vessel. We find signal levels to be a strong function of foil location and orientation. Specifically the signal level will be optimized at a vertical location 0.5 m above the machine midplane and with the normal to the foil directed in the lower, radially outward, toroidally counterclockwise octant. A foil thus oriented at a radial distance of 15 cm from the vessel wall at a height of 0.583 m above the machine midplane will have an efficiency of 3.5×10-8/cm2 for alpha particles which undergo classic loss during the first ten revolutions around the torus during this model plasma. For the assumed D–T fusion power of this model plasma of 410 MW, this calculated efficiency will correspond to a measured current in the Faraday foil of 1.7 μA/cm2. Future, more realistic calculations must incorporate the effects of an asymmetrical vessel and of toroidal field ripple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - MAGNETOOPTICS
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14842303; Cecil, F. E. 1; Email Address: fcecil@mines.edu Darrow, D. S. 2 Budny, R. V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3569; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: MAGNETOOPTICS; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785279
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842303&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grim, G. P.
AU  - Morgan, G. L.
AU  - Wilke, M. D.
AU  - Gobby, P. L.
AU  - Christensen, C. R.
AU  - Wilson, D. C.
T1  - Progress on neutron pinhole imaging for inertial confinement fusion experiments.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3572
EP  - 3574
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Neutron imaging provides a powerful diagnostic for understanding the performance of inertial confinement fusion ignition capsules and the drive mechanism imploding them. To achieve the spatial resolution and fielding capability needed at the National Ignition Facility requires a staged approach that simultaneously pushes the limits of extant capabilities while developing new techniques that will extend to the National Ignition Facility regime. To this end, new pinhole assemblies have been designed and fabricated using very high-precision machining equipment. These assemblies have been fielded successfully at Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester and have provided impetus for new aperture designs and new ideas for detectors, which are now the limiting element in the system resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PINHOLE cameras
KW  - NUCLEAR fusion
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14842302; Grim, G. P. 1; Email Address: gpgrim@lanl.gov Morgan, G. L. 1 Wilke, M. D. 1 Gobby, P. L. 1 Christensen, C. R. 1 Wilson, D. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3572; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PINHOLE cameras; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fusion; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787917
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842302&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schmid, G. J.
AU  - Koch, J. A.
AU  - Moran, M. J.
AU  - Phillips, T. W.
AU  - Glebov, V. Yu.
AU  - Sangster, T. C.
AU  - Stoeckl, C.
AU  - Wender, S. A.
AU  - Morse, E. C.
T1  - Calibration of National Ignition Facility neutron detectors in the energy range E<14 MeV.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3589
EP  - 3591
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We examine various options for calibration of the National Ignition Facility neutron detectors in the energy range E<14 MeV. These options include: downscatter of D–T fusion neutrons using plastic targets; nuclear reactions at a Tandem Van de Graaf accelerator; and “white” neutrons from a pulsed spallation source. As an example of the pulsed spallation option, we present calibration data that was recently acquired with a single crystal chemical vapor deposition diamond detector at the Weapons Neutron Research Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPALLATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14842297; Schmid, G. J. 1; Email Address: schmid3@llnl.gov Koch, J. A. 1 Moran, M. J. 1 Phillips, T. W. 1 Glebov, V. Yu. 2 Sangster, T. C. 2 Stoeckl, C. 2 Wender, S. A. 3 Morse, E. C. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234.  2: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  4: University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3589; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPALLATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779614
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842297&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moran, Michael
AU  - Haan, Steven
AU  - Hatchett, Stephen
AU  - Koch, Jeffrey
AU  - Barrera, Carlos
AU  - Morse, Edward
T1  - Downscattered neutron imaging.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3592
EP  - 3594
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Images with 14 MeV neutrons of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) D,T fusion show the regions of most intense fusion burn, while images based on lower-energy “downscattered” neutrons can reveal regions of nonburning D,T fuel. The downscattered images can help to understand ICF implosion dynamics. Recording downscattered images is difficult because the images are relatively weak, and because they may be obscured by residual “afterglow” of more intense 14 MeV images. The effect of afterglow can be estimated by adding a sequence of images for neutron energies from 14 MeV down to the downscatteed energy of interest. The images will be subject to decay factors which depend on the time response of the neutron scintillator. Preliminary analyses suggest that afterglow will not prevent the recording of useful downscattered images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - PHOSPHORS
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842296; Moran, Michael 1; Email Address: moran3@llnl.gov Haan, Steven 1 Hatchett, Stephen 1 Koch, Jeffrey 1 Barrera, Carlos 2 Morse, Edward 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3592; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORS; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788854
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842296&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruggles, L. E.
AU  - Porter, J. L.
AU  - Simpson, W. W.
AU  - Vargas, M. F.
AU  - Zagar, D. M.
AU  - Hartke, R.
AU  - Buersgens, F.
AU  - Symes, D. R.
AU  - Ditmire, T.
T1  - High sensitivity neutron detector for Z.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3595
EP  - 3597
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have developed, calibrated, and tested a high sensitivity neutron detector that can be operated in the harsh x-ray bremsstrahlung environment that exists in experiments conducted on the 20 MA Z z-pinch facility located at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The detector uses a scintillator coupled to a microchannel-plate photomultiplier tube detector and extensive x-ray shielding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON counters
KW  - X-rays
KW  - BREMSSTRAHLUNG
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842295; Ruggles, L. E. 1; Email Address: leruggl@sandia.gov Porter, J. L. 1 Simpson, W. W. 1 Vargas, M. F. 1 Zagar, D. M. 1 Hartke, R. 2 Buersgens, F. 2 Symes, D. R. 2 Ditmire, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1193.  2: University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3595; Subject Term: NEUTRON counters; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: BREMSSTRAHLUNG; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789599
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842295&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zweben, S. J.
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
AU  - Ross, P. W.
AU  - Lowrance, J. L.
AU  - Renda, G.
T1  - Measurement of the internal magnetic field of plasmas using an alpha particle source.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3610
EP  - 3612
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The internal magnetic fields of plasmas can be measured under certain conditions from the integrated v×B deflection of MeV alpha particles emitted by a small radioactive source. The alpha source and large-area alpha particle detector would be located inside the vacuum vessel but outside the plasma. Alphas with a typical energy of 5.5 MeV (241Am) can reach the center of almost all laboratory plasmas and magnetic fusion devices, so this method can potentially determine the q(r) profile of tokamaks or spherical toris (STs). Orbit calculations, background evaluations, and conceptual designs for such α v×B (or “AVB”) detector are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842290; Zweben, S. J. 1; Email Address: szweben@pppl.gov Darrow, D. S. 1 Ross, P. W. 1 Lowrance, J. L. 2 Renda, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540.  2: Princeton Scientific Instruments, Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3610; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779610
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842290&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Medley, S. S.
AU  - Roquemore, A. L.
T1  - Neutral particle analyzer diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3625
EP  - 3627
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The neutral particle analyzer (NPA) diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) utilizes a PPPL-designed EIIB spectrometer that measures the energy spectra of minority hydrogen and bulk deuterium species simultaneously with 39 energy channels per mass specie and a time resolution of 1 ms. The calibrated energy range is E=0.5–150 keV and the energy resolution varies from ΔE/E=3%–7% over the surface of the microchannel plate detector. The NPA measures Maxwellian spectra of residual hydrogen to obtain ion temperatures and measures the energetic ion spectra produced by injection of up to 100 keV deuterium neutral beams into deuterium plasmas. The NPA views across the coinjection paths of the three neutral beam sources on NSTX which localizes the measured charge exchange effux to the intersection region. The incorporation of horizontal scanning for the NPA over a sightline tangency range of Rtan=125–-75 cm has enabled measurement of the anisotropic energy distribution of the beam ions. Vertical scanning allows measurements to be made from the horizontal midplane through an angle of 26° downward. A description of the NPA diagnostic on NSTX will be presented along with illustrations of measurement capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - IONS -- Spectra
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
N1  - Accession Number: 14842285; Medley, S. S. 1; Email Address: medley@pppl.gov Roquemore, A. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3625; Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: IONS -- Spectra; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788859
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842285&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shinohara, K.
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
AU  - Roquemore, A. L.
AU  - Medley, S. S.
AU  - Cecil, F. E.
T1  - Solid state neutral particle analyzer array on National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3640
EP  - 3642
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A solid state neutral particle analyzer array has been installed on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). The array consists of four chords viewing through a common vacuum flange. The tangency radii of the viewing chords are 60, 90, 100, and 120 cm. They view across the three co-injection neutral beam lines [deuterium, 80 keV (typically) with tangency radii 48.7, 59.2, and 69.4 cm] on NSTX and detect co-going energetic ions. A silicon photodiode was calibrated by using a monoenergetic deuteron beam source. Deuterons with energy above 40 keV can be detected with the present setup. The degradation of the performance was also investigated. Lead shot and epoxy are used for neutron shielding to reduce handling any hazardous heavy metal. This method also enables us to make an arbitrary shape to be fit into the complex flight tube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - DEUTERONS
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SHIELDING (Radiation)
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering -- Safety measures
N1  - Accession Number: 14842280; Shinohara, K. 1 Darrow, D. S. 2 Roquemore, A. L. 2 Medley, S. S. 2 Cecil, F. E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  3: Coloraodo School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3640; Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: DEUTERONS; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SHIELDING (Radiation); Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering -- Safety measures; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785266
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842280&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nishiura, M.
AU  - Isobe, M.
AU  - Saida, T.
AU  - Sasao, M.
AU  - Darrow, D. S.
T1  - Scintillator probe diagnostic for high energy particles escaped from Large Helical Device.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3646
EP  - 3648
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A scintillator probe for escaping fast ion diagnostics has been developed in the Large Helical Device. This probe is capable of traveling across a divertor leg and sweeping the aperture angle rotationally with respect to the axis of the probe shaft. Pitch angle and gyro radius resolutions are estimated numerically by using a Monte Carlo orbit simulation. The result shows that the detector has sufficient resolution in pitch angle and gyro radius for our target plasmas. Under the neutral beam injected plasma, a signal derived from fast ions was obtained on the scintillator plate and analyzed by using the recorded camera image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - IONS
KW  - PHOSPHORS
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 14842278; Nishiura, M. 1; Email Address: nishiura@nifs.ac.jp Isobe, M. 1 Saida, T. 2 Sasao, M. 2 Darrow, D. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan  2: Tohoku University, Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai 980-8579, Japan  3: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3646; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORS; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779606
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842278&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hoarty, D. J.
AU  - Smith, C. C.
AU  - Clark, E. L.
AU  - Foster, J. M.
AU  - Gales, S. G.
AU  - Magelssen, G.
AU  - Workman, J.
AU  - Wood, W. M.
AU  - Caldwell, S.
AU  - Chrien, R.
AU  - Sandoval, J.
AU  - Sedillo, T.
AU  - Walsh, P.
AU  - Carpenter, B.
AU  - Compton, S.
AU  - Perry, T.
T1  - Fluorescence spectroscopy as a diagnostic of the radiation environment in high energy density experiments (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3655
EP  - 3659
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A fluorescence spectroscopy technique has been developed to measure conditions in high energy density (HED) experiments. The experimental technique and modeling of the spectra are described and results of fluorescence measurements are presented. Fluorescence spectra were measured from an aluminium microdot over a small hole in the wall of an experimental package or a hohlraum. The aluminium was photopumped from a broadband radiation source, without perturbing the temperature. To date, fluorescence spectroscopy has been used to diagnose the radiative heating of plasmas in the temperature range 20–80 eV. Fluorescence spectroscopy has several advantages over x-ray absorption and self-emission spectroscopy in the diagnosis of HED experiments and these are discussed in the article. Extension of the technique to higher temperature plasma is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LUMINESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842275; Hoarty, D. J. 1; Email Address: david.hoarty@awe.co.uk Smith, C. C. 1 Clark, E. L. 1 Foster, J. M. 1 Gales, S. G. 1 Magelssen, G. 2 Workman, J. 2 Wood, W. M. 2 Caldwell, S. 2 Chrien, R. 2 Sandoval, J. 2 Sedillo, T. 2 Walsh, P. 2 Carpenter, B. 2 Compton, S. 3 Perry, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: AWE Plasma Physics Department, Reading Berkshire, RG7 4PR United Kingdom  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3655; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785268
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842275&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bitter, M.
AU  - Hill, K. W.
AU  - Stratton, B.
AU  - Roquemore, A. L.
AU  - Mastrovito, D.
AU  - Lee, S. G.
AU  - Bak, J. G.
AU  - Moon, M. K.
AU  - Nam, U. W.
AU  - Smith, G.
AU  - Rice, J. E.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Fraenkel, B. S.
T1  - Spatially resolved spectra from a new x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer for measurements of ion and electron temperature profiles (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3660
EP  - 3665
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A new type of high-resolution x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer is being developed to measure ion and electron temperature profiles in tokamak plasmas. The instrument is particularly valuable for diagnosing plasmas with purely ohmic heating and rf heating, since it does not require the injection of a neutral beam—although it can also be used for the diagnosis of neutral-beam heated plasmas. The spectrometer consists of a spherically bent quartz crystal and a two-dimensional position-sensitive detector. It records spectra of helium-like argon (or krypton) from multiple sightlines through the plasma and projects a de-magnified image of a large plasma cross section onto the detector. The spatial resolution in the plasma is solely determined by the height of the crystal, its radius of curvature, and the Bragg angle. This new x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer may also be of interest for the diagnosis of ion temperature profiles in future large tokamaks, the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research tokamak and the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, where the application of the presently used charge-exchange spectroscopy will be difficult, if the neutral beams do not penetrate to the plasma center. The article presents the results from proof-of-principle experiments performed with a prototype instrument at Alcator C-Mod. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PINCH effect (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842274; Bitter, M. 1; Email Address: bitter@pppl.gov Hill, K. W. 1 Stratton, B. 1 Roquemore, A. L. 1 Mastrovito, D. 1 Lee, S. G. 2 Bak, J. G. 2 Moon, M. K. 3 Nam, U. W. 4 Smith, G. 5 Rice, J. E. 6 Beiersdorfer, P. 7 Fraenkel, B. S. 8; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  2: Korea Basic Science Institute, Yusung, Taejeon 305-333, Korea  3: Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yusung, Taejeon  4: Korea Astronomy Observatory, Yusung, Taejeon 305-348, Korea  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  6: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139  7: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  8: Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3660; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PINCH effect (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791747
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842274&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinars, D. B.
AU  - Bennett, G. R.
AU  - Wenger, D. F.
AU  - Cuneo, M. E.
AU  - Hanson, D. L.
AU  - Porter, J. L.
AU  - Adams, R. G.
AU  - Rambo, P. K.
AU  - Rovang, D. C.
AU  - Smith, I. C.
T1  - Monochromatic x-ray imaging experiments on the Sandia National Laboratories Z facility (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3672
EP  - 3677
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The Z facility is a 20 MA, 100 ns rise time, pulsed power driver for z-pinch plasma radiation sources. The Z facility can make >200 TW, 1–2 MJ, near-blackbody radiation sources through the compression of cylindrical wire arrays. These sources are being used as drivers to study inertial-confinement fusion capsule implosions, complex radiation–hydrodynamic jet experiments, and wire-array z-pinch physics tests. To backlight plasmas in this environment we have built diagnostics based on spherically bent crystals that provide high spatial resolution (9–10 μm), a narrow spectral bandpass (<0.5 eV), and a large field of view (4 mm×20 mm). These diagnostics use the 2 TW, multi-kJ Z-Beamlet laser to produce x-ray emission sources at 1.865 or 6.151 keV for backlighting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PLASMA radiation
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14842272; Sinars, D. B. 1; Email Address: dbsinar@sandia.gov Bennett, G. R. 1 Wenger, D. F. 1 Cuneo, M. E. 1 Hanson, D. L. 1 Porter, J. L. 1 Adams, R. G. 1 Rambo, P. K. 1 Rovang, D. C. 1 Smith, I. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1193; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3672; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PLASMA radiation; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779607
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842272&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Baronova, E. O.
AU  - Kalashnikova, I. I.
AU  - Stepanenko, M. M.
T1  - Testing LaMgAl11O19 crystal for x-ray spectroscopy.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3678
EP  - 3680
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We investigated the properties of the rare earth crystal LaMgAl11O19 and its application to soft x-ray spectroscopy. Its relative reflectivity and half-width rocking curve were measured to up to the reflection order of 28. In addition, a comparative measurement of the iron L-shell soft x-ray line emission was made on the EBIT-I Livermore electron beam ion trap by fielding the LaMgAl11O19 crystal side by side with a rubidium hydrogen phthalate crystal in a flat crystal spectrometer. From these measurements, reflectivity and spectral resolving power were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - RUBIDIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14842271; Chen, H. 1; Email Address: chen33@llnl.gov Beiersdorfer, P. 1 Baronova, E. O. 2 Kalashnikova, I. I. 2 Stepanenko, M. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234  2: RRC Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3678; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: RUBIDIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785269
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842271&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nash, T. J.
AU  - Sanford, T. W. L.
AU  - Leeper, R. J.
AU  - Chandler, G. A.
AU  - Bailey, J. E.
AU  - Mehlhorn, T. A.
AU  - Deeney, C. D.
AU  - Seaman, J. F.
AU  - McGurn, J.
AU  - Torres, J. A.
AU  - Jobe, D. O.
AU  - Mock, R. C.
AU  - Gilliland, T.
AU  - Nielsen, D. S.
AU  - Lucas, J.
AU  - Moore, T.
T1  - Bottom axial diagnostic package on Z.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3684
EP  - 3686
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A bottom axial diagnostic package has recently been developed and fielded on the 100 ns, 20 MA pinch-driver Z. The bottom package was developed to measure the power radiated to the bottom of Z and compare it to the power radiated to the top of Z on dynamic hohlraum pinch loads. When an up/down power asymmetry was measured, the bottom package was expanded in an effort to determine the source of the asymmetry. The bottom package contains one port directly on axis, six ports at 3.4° to the axis, and four ports at 9° to the axis. Typical diagnostics fielded on the bottom package are a time-resolved pinhole camera, time-integrated spatially resolved convex crystal spectrometers, a time-resolved crystal spectrometer, x-ray diodes, bolometers, and photoconducting detectors. We will present some typical data from these bottom diagnostics on dynamic hohlraum shots on Z and briefly discuss their relevance to the up/down power asymmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - PINHOLE cameras
KW  - DIODES
KW  - OPTICAL detectors
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842269; Nash, T. J. 1; Email Address: tjnash@sandia.gov Sanford, T. W. L. 1 Leeper, R. J. 1 Chandler, G. A. 1 Bailey, J. E. 1 Mehlhorn, T. A. 1 Deeney, C. D. 1 Seaman, J. F. 1 McGurn, J. 1 Torres, J. A. 1 Jobe, D. O. 1 Mock, R. C. 1 Gilliland, T. 1 Nielsen, D. S. 1 Lucas, J. 1 Moore, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3684; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: PINHOLE cameras; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: OPTICAL detectors; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779608
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842269&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dunham, Greg
AU  - Rochau, G. A.
AU  - Lake, P.
AU  - Nielsen-Weber, L.
AU  - Schuster, D.
T1  - Measurements of the counting statistics on RAR-2497 and DEF x-ray film.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3687
EP  - 3689
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - X-ray film is commonly used to diagnose high temperature plasmas. Quantitative analysis of the recorded film exposure requires knowledge of the counting statistics inherent to each particular film type. To address this issue, RAR-2497 and DEF film were exposed on a Manson x-ray source for multiple fluence values and photon energies. The fluctuations in the measured intensity were found by determining the statistical distribution of the recorded photon intensity using Henke’s calibration tables to relate the net film density to the incident intensity. The resulting measurements of the statistical fluctuations in photon intensity are presented for each film type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOGRAPHIC films
KW  - QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14842268; Dunham, Greg 1; Email Address: gsdunha@sandia.gov Rochau, G. A. 1 Lake, P. 1 Nielsen-Weber, L. 1 Schuster, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1196; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3687; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHIC films; Subject Term: QUANTITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326114 Plastic film and sheet manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788865
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842268&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lake, P. W.
AU  - Bailey, J. E.
AU  - Rochau, G. A.
AU  - Moore, T. C.
AU  - Petmecky, D.
AU  - Gard, P.
T1  - Time- and space-resolved elliptical crystal spectrometers for high energy density physics research.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3690
EP  - 3692
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - X-ray spectrometers used in high energy density plasma experiments must provide high time, space, and spectral resolution while overcoming the difficulties imposed by x-ray background, debris, and mechanical shocks. At the Z facility these problems are addressed using a suite of elliptical crystal spectrometers. The elliptical geometry isolates the detector from the line of sight with a slit placed at the elliptical focus, while the sensitivity enables locating the crystal 2–4 m from the plasma source. Space and time resolution are obtained by using an array of slits to project one dimensional plasma images onto the crystal and recording the spectrally dispersed images with a gated microchannel plate detector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842267; Lake, P. W. 1 Bailey, J. E. 1; Email Address: jebaile@sandia.gov Rochau, G. A. 1 Moore, T. C. 2 Petmecky, D. 3 Gard, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1196  2: K-Tech Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  3: TMI Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3690; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788866
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842267&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, S. G.
AU  - Bak, J. G.
AU  - Bitter, M.
AU  - Hill, K.
AU  - Nam, U. W.
AU  - Kim, Y. J.
AU  - Moon, M. K.
T1  - Research and development of x-ray imaging crystal spectrometers for KSTAR.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3693
EP  - 3695
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The engineering design for two high-resolution x-ray imaging crystal spectrometers for KSTAR tokamak has been completed. A spherically bent quartz crystal and a large area two-dimensional (2D) position-sensitive multiwire proportional counter have been selected for the imaging spectrometers. A prototype 10 cm by 30 cm 2D detector was fabricated and pilot measurement on Alcator C-Mod tokamak was carried out. The final engineering design of the spectrometers and experimental results from the 2D detector are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - QUARTZ crystals
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14842266; Lee, S. G. 1; Email Address: sglee@kbsi.re.kr Bak, J. G. 1 Bitter, M. 2 Hill, K. 2 Nam, U. W. 3 Kim, Y. J. 3 Moon, M. K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Korea Basic Science Institute, Taejeon 305-333, Korea  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey  3: Korea Astronomy Observatory, Taejeon 305-333, Korea  4: Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejeon 305-333, Korea; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3693; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: QUARTZ crystals; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785270
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842266&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chandler, K. M.
AU  - Shlyaptseva, A. S.
AU  - Ouart, N. D.
AU  - Hansen, S. B.
AU  - Mitchell, M. D.
AU  - Pikuz, S. A.
AU  - Shelkovenko, T. A.
AU  - Hammer, D. A.
AU  - Kantsyrev, V. L.
AU  - Fedin, D. A.
T1  - Spectroscopic analysis of x-ray bursts from nichrome and conichrome X-pinch plasmas.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3702
EP  - 3704
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Radiative properties of plasmas from X pinches with nichrome and conichrome wires have been studied using the presented diagnostic arrangement. The experimental results have been produced at the Cornell XP facility with a peak current of 450 kA and a full width at half maximum pulse duration of 100 ns. The spatially resolved, time-integrated x-ray line spectra from the region of the X-pinch cross point have been recorded using different crystal spectrometers. In particular, K-shell and L-shell x-ray spectra of Ni and Cr have been recorded through different filters in the same pulses for X pinches from two different wire alloys. A nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium collisional–radiative atomic kinetic model of Ni has been developed to identify the useful diagnostic spectroscopic features and to model experimental spectra. The results of the modeling and radiative properties of different materials from nichrome and conichrome alloys are compared and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842263; Chandler, K. M. 1 Shlyaptseva, A. S. 2; Email Address: alla@physics.unr.edu Ouart, N. D. 2 Hansen, S. B. 3 Mitchell, M. D. 1 Pikuz, S. A. 1 Shelkovenko, T. A. 1 Hammer, D. A. 1 Kantsyrev, V. L. 4,5 Fedin, D. A. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Plasma Studies, 369 Upson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853  2: Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, MS 220, Reno, Nevada 89557  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-260, Livermore, California 94551  4: P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Leninskii Pr. 53, Moscow 119991, Russia  5: Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, MS 2201, Reno, Nevada 89557; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3702; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785272
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842263&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoeckl, C.
AU  - Theobald, W.
AU  - Sangster, T. C.
AU  - Key, M. H.
AU  - Patel, P.
AU  - Zhang, B. B.
AU  - Clarke, R.
AU  - Karsch, S.
AU  - Norreys, P.
T1  - Operation of a single-photon–counting x-ray charge-coupled device camera spectrometer in a petawatt environment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3705
EP  - 3707
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The use of a single-photon–counting x-ray charge-coupled device (CCD) camera as an x-ray spectrometer is a well-established technique in ultrashort-pulse laser experiments. In single-photon–counting mode, the pixel value of each readout pixel is proportional to the energy deposited from the incident x-ray photon. For photons below 100 keV, a significant fraction of the events deposits all the energy in a single pixel. A histogram of the pixel readout values gives a good approximation of the x-ray spectrum. This technique requires almost no alignment, but it is very sensitive to signal-to-background issues, especially in a high-energy petawatt environment. Shielding the direct line of sight to the target was not sufficient to obtain a high-quality spectrum, for the experiments reported here the CCD camera had to be shielded from all sides with up to 10 cm of lead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842262; Stoeckl, C. 1; Email Address: csto@lle.rochester.edu Theobald, W. 1 Sangster, T. C. 1 Key, M. H. 2 Patel, P. 2 Zhang, B. B. 2 Clarke, R. 3 Karsch, S. 3 Norreys, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX Oxon, England; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3705; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788867
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842262&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robbins, D. L.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Faenov, A. Ya.
AU  - Pikuz, T. A.
AU  - May, M. J.
AU  - Dunn, J.
AU  - Smith, A. J.
T1  - High-resolution compact Johann crystal spectrometer with the Livermore electron beam ion trap.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3717
EP  - 3719
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A compact high-resolution (λ/Δλ≈10 000) spherically bent crystal spectrometer in the Johann geometry was recently installed and tested on the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory SuperEBIT electron beam ion trap. The curvature of the mica (002) crystal grating allows for higher collection efficiency compared to the flat and cylindrically bent crystal spectrometers commonly used on the Livermore electron beam ion traps. The spectrometer’s Johann configuration enables orientation of its dispersion plane to be parallel to the electron beam propagation. Used in concert with a crystal spectrometer, whose dispersion plane is perpendicular to the electron beam propagation, the polarization of x-ray emission lines can be measured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ION traps
KW  - X-rays -- Polarization
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14842257; Robbins, D. L. 1 Chen, H. 2 Beiersdorfer, P. 2 Faenov, A. Ya. 3 Pikuz, T. A. 3 May, M. J. 2 Dunn, J. 2 Smith, A. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia 30314  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Center of VNIIFTRI, Mendeleevo, Moscow Region, 141570 Russia; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3717; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: X-rays -- Polarization; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781753
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842257&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Brown, G. V.
AU  - Goddard, R.
AU  - Wargelin, B. J.
T1  - High-resolution crystal spectrometer for the 10–60 Å extreme ultraviolet region.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3720
EP  - 3722
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A vacuum crystal spectrometer with nominal resolving power approaching 1000 is described for measuring emission lines with wavelength in the extreme ultraviolet region up to 60 Å. The instrument utilizes a flat octadecyl hydrogen maleate crystal and a thin-window 1D position-sensitive gas proportional detector. This detector employs a 1-μm-thick 100×8 mm2 aluminized polyimide window and operates at one atmosphere pressure. The spectrometer has been implemented on the Livermore electron beam ion traps. The performance of the instrument is illustrated in measurements of the newly discovered magnetic field-sensitive line in Ar8+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ION traps
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14842256; Beiersdorfer, P. 1 Brown, G. V. 2 Goddard, R. 3 Wargelin, B. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742  3: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3720; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781754
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842256&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Magee, E. W.
AU  - Trèbert, E.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Lepson, J. K.
AU  - Gu, M.-F.
AU  - Schmidt, M.
T1  - Flat-field grating spectrometer for high-resolution soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet measurements on an electron beam ion trap.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3723
EP  - 3726
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A R=44.3 m grazing-incidence grating spectrometer has been implemented on the Livermore electron beam ion traps for high-resolution measurements in the soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet region spanning from below 10 up to 50 Å. The instrument uses a grating with variable line spacing (about 2400 l/mm for a flat field of view. Spectra are recorded with a back-illuminated charge-coupled device detector. The new instrument greatly improves upon the resolution achieved with existing grating spectrometers and complements crystal spectrometers at the shorter wavelengths both in terms of wavelength coverage and polarization independent reflectivity response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAZING incidence
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - ION traps
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842255; Beiersdorfer, P. 1; Email Address: beiersdorfer@llnl.gov Magee, E. W. 1 Trèbert, E. 1 Chen, H. 1 Lepson, J. K. 2 Gu, M.-F. 3 Schmidt, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3723; Subject Term: GRAZING incidence; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1779609
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842255&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - May, M.
AU  - Heeter, R.
AU  - Emig, J.
T1  - Convex crystal x-ray spectrometer for laser plasma experiments.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3740
EP  - 3742
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Measuring time and space-resolved spectra is important for understanding Hohlraum and Halfraum plasmas. Experiments at the OMEGA laser have used the Nova TSPEC which was not optimized for the OMEGA diagnostic space envelope or for the needed spectroscopic coverage and resolution. An improved multipurpose spectrometer snout, the MSPEC, has been constructed and fielded on OMEGA. The MSPEC provides the maximal internal volume for mounting crystals without any beam interferences at either 2× or 3× magnification. The RAP crystal is in a convex mounting geometry bent to a 20 cm radius of curvature. The spectral resolution, E/dE, is about 200 at 2.5 keV. The spectral coverage is 2 to 4.5 keV. The MSPEC can record four separate spectra on the framing camera at time intervals of up to several ns. The spectrometer design and initial field-test performance will be presented and compared to that of the TSPEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14842250; May, M. 1; Email Address: may13@llnl.gov Heeter, R. 1 Emig, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3740; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781374
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842250&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pak, A.
AU  - Gregori, G.
AU  - Knight, J.
AU  - Campbell, K.
AU  - Price, D.
AU  - Hammel, B.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
T1  - X-ray line measurements with high efficiency Bragg crystals.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3747
EP  - 3749
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have studied the focusing properties of two highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) spectrometers, which differ in the degree of the mosaic spread: ZYA with a low mosaic spread (γ=0.4°) and ZYH with a large mosaic spread (γ=3.5°). In order to asses the crystal performance for a variety of different experiments, various Kα and Kβ x-ray lines have been produced using a high-intensity (>=1017 W/cm2) short-pulse (∼100 fs) laser beam focused onto Ti, V, Zn, and Cu foils. The measured spectral resolution of the HOPG crystals in both first and second order diffraction has been compared with theoretical predictions. Using known values for the peak reflectivity of HOPG crystals, we have also computed Kα x-ray conversion efficiencies of Ti, V, Zn, and Cu. These results are important to estimate the optimal conditions under which different types of HOPG monochromators can be used for the detection of weak x-ray signals as the one encountered in x-ray Thomson/Compton scattering experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 14842248; Pak, A. 1 Gregori, G. 1; Email Address: gregori1@llnl.gov Knight, J. 1 Campbell, K. 1 Price, D. 1 Hammel, B. 1 Landen, O. L. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5508, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3747; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788870
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842248&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shlyaptseva, A.
AU  - Fedin, D.
AU  - Hamasha, S.
AU  - Harris, C.
AU  - Kantsyrev, V.
AU  - Neill, P.
AU  - Ouart, N.
AU  - Safronova, U. I.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Boyce, K.
AU  - Brown, G. V.
AU  - Kelley, R.
AU  - Kilbourne, C. A.
AU  - Porter, F. S.
T1  - Development of M-shell x-ray spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry of z-pinch tungsten plasmas.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3750
EP  - 3752
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The development of spectroscopic modeling of M-shell tungsten z-pinch plasma is presented. The spectral region from 3.5 to 6.5 Å includes three distinct groups of transitions, and the best candidates for M-shell diagnostics are identified. Theoretical modeling is benchmarked with LLNL electron beam ion trap data produced at different energies of the electron beam and recorded by crystal spectrometers and a broadband microcalorimeter. A new high temperature plasma diagnostic tool, x-ray spectropolarimetry, is proposed to study polarization of W line emission and is illustrated using the results of x-pinch polarization-sensitive experiments. The x-ray line polarization of the prominent M-shell tungsten lines is calculated, and polarization markers are identified. The advantage of using x-pinch W wire experiments for the development of M-shell diagnostics is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - ION traps
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842247; Shlyaptseva, A. 1 Fedin, D. 1 Hamasha, S. 1 Harris, C. 1 Kantsyrev, V. 1 Neill, P. 1 Ouart, N. 1 Safronova, U. I. 1 Beiersdorfer, P. 2 Boyce, K. 3 Brown, G. V. 3 Kelley, R. 3 Kilbourne, C. A. 3 Porter, F. S. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551  3: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20770; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3750; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: IONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781757
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842247&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDonald, J. W.
AU  - Kauffman, R. L.
AU  - Celeste, J. R.
AU  - Rhodes, M. A.
AU  - Lee, F. D.
AU  - Suter, L. J.
AU  - Lee, A. P.
AU  - Foster, J. M.
AU  - Slark, G.
T1  - Filter-fluorescer diagnostic system for the National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3753
EP  - 3755
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An early filter-fluorescer diagnostic system is being fielded at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to measure the amount of hard x rays (20<hν<150 keV) generated in laser fusion experiments. From these measurements we hope to quantify the number of hot electrons produced in laser fusion experiments. The measurement of hot electron production is important for ignition experiments because these electrons can preheat the fuel capsule. Hot electrons can also be employed in experimentation by preheating hydrodynamic packages or by driving plasmas out of equilibrium. The experimental apparatus, data collection, analysis and calibration issues are discussed. Expected data signal levels are predicted and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOT carriers
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - HOLES (Electron deficiencies)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 14842246; McDonald, J. W. 1; Email Address: mcdonald6@llnl.gov Kauffman, R. L. 1 Celeste, J. R. 1 Rhodes, M. A. 1 Lee, F. D. 1 Suter, L. J. 1 Lee, A. P. 1 Foster, J. M. 2 Slark, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550  2: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, United Kingdom; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3753; Subject Term: HOT carriers; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: HOLES (Electron deficiencies); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: X-rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788871
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842246&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dewald, E. L.
AU  - Campbell, K. M.
AU  - Turner, R. E.
AU  - Holder, J. P.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
AU  - Kauffman, R. L.
AU  - Suter, L. J.
AU  - Landon, M.
AU  - Rhodes, M.
AU  - Lee, D.
T1  - Dante soft x-ray power diagnostic for National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3759
EP  - 3761
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Soft x-ray power diagnostics are essential for measuring the total x-ray flux, radiation temperature, conversion efficiency, and albedo that define the energetics in indirect and direct drive, as well as other types of high temperature laser plasma experiments. A key diagnostic for absolute radiation flux and radiation temperature in hohlraum experiments is the Dante broadband soft x-ray spectrometer. For the extended range of x-ray fluxes predicted for National Ignition Facility (NIF) compared to Omega or Nova hohlraums, the Dante spectrometer for NIF will include more high energy (<2 keV) edge filter band-pass channels and access to an increased dynamic range using grids and signal division. This will allow measurements of radiation fluxes of between 0.01 to 100 TW/sr, for hohlraum radiation temperatures between 50 eV and 1 keV. The NIF Dante will include a central four-channel imaging line-of-sight to verify the source size, alignment as well as checking for any radiation contributions from unconverted laser light plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842225; Dewald, E. L. 1; Email Address: dewald3@llnl.gov Campbell, K. M. 1 Turner, R. E. 1 Holder, J. P. 1 Landen, O. L. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1 Kauffman, R. L. 1 Suter, L. J. 1 Landon, M. 1 Rhodes, M. 1 Lee, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-399, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3759; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: LASERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788872
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842225&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heeter, R. F.
AU  - Emig, J. A.
AU  - Fournier, K. B.
AU  - Hansen, S. B.
AU  - May, M. J.
AU  - Young, B. K. F.
T1  - X-ray spectroscopy with elliptical crystals and face-on framing cameras.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3762
EP  - 3764
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - X-ray spectrometers using elliptically bent crystals have desirable properties for applications requiring broad spectral coverage, good spectral resolution, and minimized source broadening. Previous work used custom-positioned film or microchannel plate detectors. We find it is also useful and cost-effective to field elliptical crystals in existing snouts on the face-on gated microchannel plate framing cameras commonly used at many facilities. We numerically explored the full design space (spectral range and resolution) of elliptical crystals compatible with the new multipurpose spectrometer snout. We have tested at the Omega laser an elliptical rubidium acid phthalate crystal with 174 mm focal length, 0.9885 eccentricity, and 4.6° inclination, viewing from 1.0 to at least 1.7 keV with spectral resolution E/dE of 300–500. A slit (2×magnification) images 3 mm sources with 70 μm spatial resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842224; Heeter, R. F. 1; Email Address: heeter1@llnl.gov Emig, J. A. 1 Fournier, K. B. 1 Hansen, S. B. 1 May, M. J. 1 Young, B. K. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, L-472, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3762; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788873
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shepherd, Ronnie
AU  - Audebert, Patrick
AU  - Booth, Rex
AU  - Young, Bruce
AU  - Bonlie, Jim
AU  - Nelson, Don
AU  - Shiromizu, Steve
AU  - Price, Dwight
AU  - Norman, Douglas
AU  - Dunn, Jim
AU  - Widmann, Klaus
AU  - Springer, Paul
T1  - Time resolved spectroscopy of ultrashort pulse laser generated x rays using von Hámos crystal spectroscopy.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3765
EP  - 3767
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A diagnostic currently being used for ultrashort pulse laser matter interactions at the Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory is presented. Two cylindrical curved crystals are used as collection optics and diffractive elements in the von Hámos geometry. The dispersed x rays are focused onto the slit of an ultrafast x-ray streak camera. The small nature of the streak camera allows the diagnostic to be positioned close to the target, maximizing the solid angle. Using the geometric layout, the spectral resolution is estimated at E/ΔE∼1000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - STREAK cameras
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - CAMERAS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842207; Shepherd, Ronnie 1; Email Address: shepherd1@llnl.gov Audebert, Patrick 2 Booth, Rex 1 Young, Bruce 1 Bonlie, Jim 1 Nelson, Don 1 Shiromizu, Steve 1 Price, Dwight 1 Norman, Douglas 1 Dunn, Jim 1 Widmann, Klaus 1 Springer, Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Applied Technologies, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, M.S. L-43, Livermore, California 94550  2: Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, UMR No 7605 CNRS, CEA, Ecole Polytechnique, Univ. Paris IV, 91128, Palaiseau, France; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3765; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: STREAK cameras; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: CAMERAS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414430 Photographic equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443145 Camera and photographic supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423410 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791751
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, K. M.
AU  - Weber, F. A.
AU  - Dewald, E. L.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Turner, R. E.
AU  - Waide, P. A.
T1  - Omega Dante soft x-ray power diagnostic component calibration at the National Synchrotron Light Source.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3768
EP  - 3771
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The Dante soft x-ray spectrometer, installed on the Omega laser facility at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, is a 12-channel filter-edge defined soft x-ray power diagnostic. It is used to measure the spectrally resolved, absolute flux from direct drive, indirect drive (hohlraums) and other plasma sources. Dante component calibration efforts using two beam lines, U3C (50 eV–1 keV) and X8A (1–6 keV) at the National Synchrotron Light Source have been implemented to improve the accuracy of these measurements. We have calibrated metallic vacuum x-ray diodes, mirrors and filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASERS
KW  - DIODES
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - LIGHT
N1  - Accession Number: 14842216; Campbell, K. M. 1; Email Address: Campbell56@llnl.gov Weber, F. A. 1 Dewald, E. L. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1 Landen, O. L. 1 Turner, R. E. 1 Waide, P. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3768; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: DIODES; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: LIGHT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789603
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842216&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Porter, Frederick Scott
AU  - Brown, Greg V.
AU  - Boyce, Kevin R.
AU  - Kelley, Richard L.
AU  - Kilbourne, Caroline A.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, Peter
AU  - Chen, Hui
AU  - Terracol, Stephane
AU  - Kahn, Steven M.
AU  - Szymkowiak, Andrew E.
T1  - The Astro-E2 X-ray spectrometer/EBIT microcalorimeter x-ray spectrometer.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3772
EP  - 3774
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The x-ray spectrometer (XRS) instrument is a revolutionary nondispersive spectrometer that will form the basis for the Astro-E2 observatory to be launched in 2005. We have recently installed a flight spare XRS microcalorimeter spectrometer at the EBIT-I and SuperEBIT facility at LLNL replacing the XRS from the earlier Astro-E mission and providing twice the resolving power. The XRS microcalorimeter is an x-ray detector that senses the heat deposited by the incident photon. It achieves a high energy resolution by operating at 0.06 K and by carefully engineering the heat capacity and thermal conductance. The XRS/EBIT instrument has 32 pixels in a square geometry and achieves an energy resolution of 6 eV at 6 keV, with a bandpass from 0.1 to 12 keV (or more at higher operating temperature). The instrument allows detailed studies of the x-ray line emission of laboratory plasmas. The XRS/EBIT also provides an extensive calibration “library” for the Astro-E2 observatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - TEMPERATURE measuring instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842243; Porter, Frederick Scott 1 Brown, Greg V. 1 Boyce, Kevin R. 1 Kelley, Richard L. 1 Kilbourne, Caroline A. 1 Beiersdorfer, Peter 2 Chen, Hui 2 Terracol, Stephane 2 Kahn, Steven M. 3 Szymkowiak, Andrew E. 4; Affiliation:  1: NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305  4: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3772; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measuring instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781758
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842243&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Montgomery, D. S.
AU  - Kline, J. L.
AU  - Tierney, T. E.
T1  - Detailed characterization of plasma wave behavior using collective Thomson scattering (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3793
EP  - 3799
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Collective Thomson scattering is widely used to measure bulk plasma parameters in high density, laser-produced plasmas, and is used to detect plasma waves from instabilities. However, inhomogeneity in these small plasmas often leads to a spectrum with insufficient resolution to discern phenomena such as wave damping and nonlinear wave effects. Two techniques are discussed for laser-produced plasmas to overcome these limitations, and provide details of wave damping and nonlinear behavior. First, imaging Thomson scattering is used to obtain spatially resolved plasma wave profiles in a 100–200 eV plasma, and allows us to infer ion-ion collisional damping rates. Second, a diffraction-limited laser beam is used to drive stimulated Raman scattering in a hot plasma, generating large amplitude Langmuir waves. The comparatively small interaction volume permits sufficient spectral resolution to observe nonlinear wave behavior previously unresolved in other experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - NONLINEAR waves
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842212; Montgomery, D. S. 1; Email Address: montgomery@LANL.GOV Kline, J. L. 1 Tierney, T. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Group, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3793; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: NONLINEAR waves; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790047
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842212&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Domier, C. W.
AU  - Luhmann, N. C.
AU  - Roh, Y.
AU  - McLean, H. S.
AU  - Hooper, E. B.
AU  - Hill, D. N.
T1  - Ultrashort-pulse reflectometer performance on Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3868
EP  - 3870
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Time-resolved density profiles on the Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment device are now generated automatically from data collected by an ultrashort-pulse reflectometry (USPR) diagnostic comprised of 24 frequency channels spanning 34–75 GHz. Upgrades in USPR timing electronics and reconstruction software, coupled with new low noise amplifiers and reduced bandwidth filters, have significantly decreased amplitude and timing jitter enabling simultaneous density profile and multilayer density fluctuation operation. Hardware and software components of the upgraded USPR system are described, and sample profile and fluctuation data are presented. A new system layout is proposed to increase the USPR dynamic range by 8–10 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - REFLECTOMETER
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - BANDWIDTHS
KW  - DIGITAL communications
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842215; Domier, C. W. 1; Email Address: cwdomier@ucdavis.edu Luhmann, N. C. 1 Roh, Y. 2 McLean, H. S. 3 Hooper, E. B. 3 Hill, D. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616.  2: Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3868; Subject Term: REFLECTOMETER; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: BANDWIDTHS; Subject Term: DIGITAL communications; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789604
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842215&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLean, H. S.
AU  - Moller, J.
AU  - Hill, D. N.
T1  - Use of fast scopes to enable Thomson scattering measurement in presence of fluctuating plasma light.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3887
EP  - 3890
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The addition of inexpensive high-speed oscilloscopes has enabled higher Te Thomson scattering measurements on the Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment. Along with signal correlation techniques, the scopes allow analyses based on the shape of the scattered laser pulse to discriminate against fluctuating background plasma light that often make gated-integrator measurements unreliable. A 1.4 J Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm is the scattering source. Spatial locations are coupled by viewing optics and fibers to four-wavelength-channel filter polychrometers. Ratios between the channels determine Te while summations of the channels determine density. Typically, the channel that provides a scattered signal at higher Te is contaminated by fluctuating background light. Individual channels are correlated with either a modeled representation of the laser pulse or a noise-free scattered laser light signal to extract channel amplitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA lasers
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - LASERS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842208; McLean, H. S. 1; Email Address: mclean1@llnl.gov Moller, J. 1 Hill, D. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3887; Subject Term: PLASMA lasers; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790051
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842208&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pasqualotto, R.
AU  - Nielsen, P.
AU  - Gowers, C.
AU  - Beurskens, M.
AU  - Kempenaars, M.
AU  - Carlstrom, T.
AU  - Johnson, D.
T1  - High resolution Thomson scattering for Joint European Torus (JET).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3891
EP  - 3893
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A Thomson scattering system is being developed for Joint European Torus with 15 mm spatial resolution and a foreseen accuracy for temperature better than 15% at a density of 1019 m-3. This resolution is required at the internal transport barrier and edge pedestal and it can not be fully achieved with the present light detection and ranging systems. The laser for this system is Nd:YAG, 5 Joule, 20 Hz. Scattering volumes from R=2.9 m to R=3.9 m are imaged onto 1 mm diameter fibers, with F/25 collection aperture. Two fibers are used per scattering volume. Using optical delay lines, three scattering volumes are combined in each of the 21 filter polychromators. The signals are recorded with transient digitizers, which allow the combined time delayed signals to be resolved. Knowledge of the time delay between signals allows the use of correlation techniques in determining signal levels. The ac output of the amplifier is used, which tolerates a higher level of background signal without affecting dynamic range. The noise resulting from plasma light is determined directly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - PLASMA lasers
KW  - NOISE
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PHOTON scattering
KW  - LIGHT
N1  - Accession Number: 14842204; Pasqualotto, R. 1,2; Email Address: roberto.pasqualotto@igi.cnr.it Nielsen, P. 2 Gowers, C. 3 Beurskens, M. 4 Kempenaars, M. 4 Carlstrom, T. 5 Johnson, D. 6; Affiliation:  1: EFDA-CSU Culham, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom  2: Consorzio RFX-Associazione Euratom-Enea sulla Fusione, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padova, Italy  3: EURATOM-UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom  4: FOM-Rijnhuizen, Ass. Euratom-FOM, TEC, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands  5: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608  6: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3891; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: PLASMA lasers; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PHOTON scattering; Subject Term: LIGHT; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787922
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842204&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, H. G.
AU  - Lee, J. H.
AU  - Johnson, D.
AU  - Ellis, R.
AU  - Feder, R.
AU  - Park, H.
T1  - Design of core and edge Thomson scattering systems for Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research tokamak.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3903
EP  - 3905
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The core and edge Thomson systems on Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research employ two different sets of lens collection optics. Their collection systems are positioned in the front end of a long reentrant cassette for optimum viewing coverage and optical throughput. Both systems collect the scattered light from a single tangential beam of multiple 50-Hz Nd:YAG lasers and image the scattering volume from core to edge with 40 spatial points. In order to obtain a higher resolution of 5 mm, the edge system has more spatial channels than the core system. Pressure-free heat shield windows, which will absorb the radiation heat flux, are mounted in front of large vacuum windows to protect them from the radiation heat load during long-pulse discharges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - LENSES
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 14842202; Lee, H. G. 1; Email Address: Hyeongon@kbsi.re.kr Lee, J. H. 1 Johnson, D. 2 Ellis, R. 2 Feder, R. 2 Park, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Fusion R&D Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Korea.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3903; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: LENSES; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787924
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842202&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mackinnon, A. J.
AU  - Shiromizu, S.
AU  - Antonini, G.
AU  - Auerbach, J.
AU  - Haney, K.
AU  - Froula, D. H.
AU  - Moody, J.
AU  - Gregori, G.
AU  - Constantin, C.
AU  - Sorce, C.
AU  - Divol, L.
AU  - Griffith, R. L.
AU  - Glenzer, S.
AU  - Satariano, J.
AU  - Whitman, P. K.
AU  - Locke, S. N.
AU  - Miller, E. L.
AU  - Huff, R.
AU  - Thorp, K.
AU  - Armstrong, W.
T1  - Implementation of a high energy 4ω probe beam on the Omega laser.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3906
EP  - 3908
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A high-energy, ultraviolet Thomson scattering probe beam has been implemented on the Omega laser facility at the University of Rochester. The new probe operates at a wavelength of 264 nm, with a maximum energy of 260 J in a pulse length of 1 ns. The probe is focused with an F/6.7 lens to a minimum focal spot of 40 μm within a pointing tolerance of <50 μm. Data obtained from this probe beam have provided new diagnostic information on plasmas relevant for inertial confinement fusion and atomic physics studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PHOTON scattering
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14842199; Mackinnon, A. J. 1; Email Address: mackinnon2@llnl.gov Shiromizu, S. 1 Antonini, G. 1 Auerbach, J. 1 Haney, K. 1 Froula, D. H. 1 Moody, J. 1 Gregori, G. 1 Constantin, C. 1 Sorce, C. 1 Divol, L. 1 Griffith, R. L. 1 Glenzer, S. 1 Satariano, J. 1 Whitman, P. K. 1 Locke, S. N. 1 Miller, E. L. 1 Huff, R. 2 Thorp, K. 2 Armstrong, W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Institute of Laser Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3906; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PHOTON scattering; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789247
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Workman, J.
AU  - Fincke, J. R.
AU  - Keiter, P.
AU  - Kyrala, G. A.
AU  - Pierce, T.
AU  - Sublett, S.
AU  - Knauer, J. P.
AU  - Robey, H.
AU  - Blue, B.
AU  - Glendinning, S. G.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
T1  - Development of intense point x-ray sources for backlighting high energy density experiments (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3915
EP  - 3920
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - High-energy-density (HED) experiments are often diagnosed using x-ray backlighting. Recently, experiments have been designed and fielded that require x-ray backlighting having large fields of view and high x-ray energies. These types of experiments will be even more prevalent on the National Ignition Facility laser. Point backlighting offers the potential to obtain higher-energy x rays using less laser energy while giving a large, uniform field of view (millimeters). We present recent results from Los Alamos National Lab, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, and the University of Rochester’s Laboratory for laser energetics obtained on the OMEGA laser at the University of Rochester on the development of such bright sources. We include discussion of the challenges and successes to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14842198; Workman, J. 1; Email Address: workman@lanl.gov Fincke, J. R. 1 Keiter, P. 1 Kyrala, G. A. 1 Pierce, T. 1 Sublett, S. 2 Knauer, J. P. 2 Robey, H. 3 Blue, B. 3 Glendinning, S. G. 3 Landen, O. L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5508, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3915; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789248
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842198&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Perry
AU  - Griffith, Roger
AU  - Hagans, Karla
AU  - Lerche, Richard
AU  - Allen, Curt
AU  - Davies, Terence
AU  - Janson, Frans
AU  - Justin, Ronald
AU  - Marshall, Bruce
AU  - Sweningsen, Oliver
T1  - Compact optical technique for streak camera calibration.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3930
EP  - 3933
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - To produce accurate data from optical streak cameras requires accurate temporal calibration sources. We have reproduced an older technology for generating optical timing marks that had been lost due to component availability. Many improvements have been made which allow the modern units to service a much larger need. Optical calibrators are now available that produce optical pulse trains of 780 nm wavelength light at frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 10 GHz, with individual pulse widths of approximately 25 ps full width half maximum. Future plans include the development of single units that produce multiple frequencies to cover a wide temporal range, and that are fully controllable via an RS232 interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STREAK cameras
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - CAMERAS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 14842196; Bell, Perry 1 Griffith, Roger 1 Hagans, Karla 1 Lerche, Richard 1 Allen, Curt 2 Davies, Terence 2; Email Address: daviestj@nv.doe.gov Janson, Frans 2 Justin, Ronald 2 Marshall, Bruce 2 Sweningsen, Oliver 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Bechtel Nevada, Special Technologies Laboratory, 5520 Ekwill Street, Suite B, Santa Barbara, California 93111.  3: Bechtel Nevada, Livermore Operations, 161 South Vasco Road, Suite A, Livermore, California 94551.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3930; Subject Term: STREAK cameras; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: CAMERAS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414430 Photographic equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443145 Camera and photographic supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423410 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789250
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842196&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batha, Steven H.
AU  - Fincke, James R.
T1  - Quantified reduction of wall material influx during Hohlraum experiments.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3934
EP  - 3936
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Heating the gold walls of a Hohlraum with intense laser beams produces a rapidly expanding gold plasma. Eventually, the wall material will converge on the axis of the Hohlraum with a density sufficient to be opaque to any standard radiography source. The gold expansion makes radiography of the back wall through the laser entrance hole of a Hohlraum driven from one side difficult. This experiment demonstrates a reduction of Au influx when the Hohlraum walls are coated with 0.44 μm of parylene-N. The reduction is quantified, using an x-ray framing camera, in a cylindrical Hohlraum driven by 6.8 kJ of laser light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - FRAMING cameras
KW  - RADIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14842201; Batha, Steven H. 1 Fincke, James R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3934; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: FRAMING cameras; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787925
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842201&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thorn, D.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
T1  - Two-dimensional spectrally resolved position-sensitive proportional counter for plasma imaging.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3937
EP  - 3940
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We describe a 160×100 mm two-dimensional position-sensitive proportional counter for use in high-temperature plasma spectroscopy. The detector employs a novel design based on a printed circuit board for the cathode plane and a single-wire switchback design for the anode plane. The spacial resolution for one dimension is 200 μm and for the other dimension is 2–5 mm. The integral nonlinearity is 0.08% for the first and 1% for the second dimension. We demonstrate the utility of the new detector with a spacially resolved measurement of the Lyman-α transitions in hydrogenic Ar17+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA spectroscopy
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842195; Thorn, D. 1; Email Address: dbthorn@ucdavis.edu Beiersdorfer, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3937; Subject Term: PLASMA spectroscopy; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789251
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842195&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horsfield, C. J.
AU  - Parker, K. W.
AU  - Rothman, S. D.
AU  - Fincke, J.
AU  - Lanier, N. E.
T1  - Correcting for gain effects in an x-ray framing camera in a cylindrical implosion experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3947
EP  - 3949
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A program to investigate the mixing of a marker layer in a convergent cylindrical geometry has been carried out on the Omega laser facility. The principal diagnostic for these experiments was the Los Alamos National Laboratory (Los Alamos, NM) QXI framing camera. The results obtained displayed an unphysical pattern, partly attributed to nonlinear gain effects. We propose a method to compensate for these effects, which relies only on shot data and so can be used retrospectively on previously obtained data. Modifications carried out on the camera to minimize the effect are described and the results are compared with compensated data from previous runs. We also present results which evaluate the state of gain effects in the camera during each experimental shot day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRAMING cameras
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASERS
KW  - MOTION picture cameras
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - GEOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14842181; Horsfield, C. J. 1; Email Address: C.J.horsfield@awe.co.uk Parker, K. W. 1 Rothman, S. D. 1 Fincke, J. 2 Lanier, N. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire, RG7 4PR United Kingdom  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3947; Subject Term: FRAMING cameras; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: MOTION picture cameras; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787928
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842181&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stratton, B. C.
AU  - Feder, R.
AU  - von Goeler, S.
AU  - Renda, G. F.
AU  - Mastrocola, V. J.
AU  - Lowrance, J. L.
T1  - Initial operation of the national spherical torus experiment fast tangential soft x-ray camera.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3959
EP  - 3961
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Fast, two-dimensional, soft x-ray imaging is a powerful technique for the study of magnetohydrodynamic instabilities in tokamak plasmas. We have constructed an ultra-fast frame rate soft x-ray camera for the national spherical torus experiment (NSTX). It is based on a recently developed 64×64 pixel charge-coupled device (CCD) camera capable of capturing 300 frames at up to 500 000 frames per second. A pinhole aperture images the plasma soft x-ray emission (0.2–10 keV) onto a P47 scintillator deposited on a fiber-optic faceplate; the scintillator visible light output is detected and amplified by a demagnifying image intensifier and lens-coupled to the CCD chip. A selection of beryllium foils provides discrimination of low-energy emission. The system is installed on NSTX with a wide-angle tangential view of the plasma. Initial plasma data and an assessment of the system performance are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - FIBER optics
KW  - DIGITAL cameras
N1  - Accession Number: 14842179; Stratton, B. C. 1; Email Address: bstratton@pppl.gov Feder, R. 1 von Goeler, S. 1 Renda, G. F. 2 Mastrocola, V. J. 2 Lowrance, J. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P. O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 80543  2: Princeton Scientific Instruments, Inc., 7 Deer Park Drive, Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3959; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: FIBER optics; Subject Term: DIGITAL cameras; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787930
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842179&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fincke, J. R.
AU  - Workman, J. B.
AU  - Kryala, G. A.
AU  - Walsh, P. J.
AU  - Evans, S. C.
AU  - Tafoya, D.
AU  - Landers, D. J.
T1  - Close-in nosecone configuration and blast damage in point backlight x-ray radiography.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3966
EP  - 3968
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Radiography of driven targets using point projection backlighting often requires extensive baffling to mitigate background x rays and physical damage due to target debris. One solution to this problem is a camera configuration that places the nosecone very close to the target such that extraneous light is excluded; however debris and blast damage becomes an issue. A successful close-in (<5 mm from target center) nosecone configuration fielded at the OMEGA laser on a halfraum driven by 6 kJ is described. The design excludes stray light and survives the radiation flux and blast damage due to debris and late-time target expansion. Estimates of blast loading are compared to experimental observations of damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - LASERS
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - RADIOLOGY
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 14842163; Fincke, J. R. 1; Email Address: jfincke@lanl.gov Workman, J. B. 1 Kryala, G. A. 1 Walsh, P. J. 1 Evans, S. C. 1 Tafoya, D. 1 Landers, D. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Plasma Physics P-24, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3966; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789254
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842163&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wenger, D. F.
AU  - Sinars, D. B.
AU  - Keller, K. L.
AU  - Aragon, R. A.
AU  - Ruggles, L. E.
AU  - Simpson, W. W.
AU  - Primm, P. H.
AU  - Porter, J. L.
T1  - Grazing-incidence mirror streak camera diagnostic for emission measurements of imploding z pinches on the Sandia Z-machine.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3983
EP  - 3985
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A soft x-ray (0.1–1 keV) streak camera using a grazing-incidence mirror has been developed for the Sandia Z facility, a 20 MA, 100 ns rise-time accelerator that can generate >200 TW,2 MJ, x-ray pulses. The streak camera is used to measure with one dimension of spatial resolution the continuous time history of sub-kilo-electron-volts emission from z-pinch and radiation flow experiments. Radiation >1 keV is eliminated by the use of a grazing-incidence mirror and transmission filters. The diagnostic has a magnification of 1.22, a 20 mm field-of-view and a spatial resolution of ∼350 μm. The recording length of the instrument is variable in duration up to a maximum of 33 ns, making it well suited for the typical 100 ns Z pinch implosion times. The spatial resolution can readily be changed to be along either the axial or the radial direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STREAK cameras
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CAMERAS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842176; Wenger, D. F. 1; Email Address: dfwenge@sandia.gov Sinars, D. B. 1 Keller, K. L. 1 Aragon, R. A. 1 Ruggles, L. E. 1 Simpson, W. W. 1 Primm, P. H. 1 Porter, J. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, MS 1193, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3983; Subject Term: STREAK cameras; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CAMERAS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 414430 Photographic equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443145 Camera and photographic supplies stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423410 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787933
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842176&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Montgomery, D. S.
AU  - Nobile, A.
AU  - Walsh, P. J.
T1  - Characterization of National Ignitition Facility cryogenic beryllium capsules using x-ray phase contrast imaging.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3986
EP  - 3988
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Beryllium capsules filled with cryogenic deuterium and tritium fuel layers may provide many advantages for obtaining ignition at the National Ignition Facility. However, characterizing the uniformity and thickness of the frozen fuel layer in such a target is challenging since traditional x-ray radiography techniques, which rely on absorption for image contrast, cannot provide sufficient contrast to image the fuel layer in these low-Z materials. We propose using x-ray phase contrast imaging, which relies on gradients in the refractive index and wave interference, to characterize fuel layer uniformity. We present numerical modeling results of x-ray phase contrast imaging demonstrating the feasibility of this method for target characterization, discuss the necessary x-ray source characteristics, and present concepts for using this technique in the context of dynamic high density plasma experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14842142; Montgomery, D. S. 1; Email Address: montgomery@lanl.gov Nobile, A. 1 Walsh, P. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS E526, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3986; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790054
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842142&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blue, B. E.
AU  - Hansen, J. F.
AU  - Robey, H. F.
T1  - Improved pinhole-apertured point-projection backlighter geometry.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3989
EP  - 3991
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Pinhole-apertured point-projection x-ray radiography is an important diagnostic technique for obtaining high resolution, high contrast, and large field-of-view images used to diagnose the hydrodynamic evolution of high energy density experiments. In this technique, a pinhole aperture is placed between a laser irradiated foil (x-ray source) and an imaging detector. Future high energy density experiments that utilize more opaque materials will require backlighters with improved contrast as compared to what is currently used. In this article, we present an improved backlighter geometry that utilizes a tilted pinhole for debris mitigation and a front-side illuminated backlighter foil for improved photon statistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842175; Blue, B. E. 1; Email Address: blue3@llnl.gov Hansen, J. F. 1 Robey, H. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3989; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787936
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842175&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lowry, Mark E.
AU  - Bennett, Corey V.
AU  - Vernon, Stephen P.
AU  - Stewart, Richard
AU  - Welty, Rebecca J.
AU  - Heebner, John
AU  - Landen, Otto L.
AU  - Bell, Perry M.
T1  - X-ray detection by direct modulation of an optical probe beam—Radsensor: Progress on development for imaging applications.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 3995
EP  - 3997
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We present a progress report on our new x-ray detection technique based on optical measurement of the effects of x-ray absorption and electron hole pair creation in a direct band-gap semiconductor. The electron–hole pairs create a frequency dependent shift in optical refractive index and absorption. This is sensed by simultaneously directing an optical probe beam through the same volume of semiconducting medium that has experienced an x-ray induced modulation in the electron–hole population. If the wavelength of the optical probe beam is close to the semiconductor band-edge, the optical probe will be modulated significantly in phase and amplitude. We have analyzed the physics of the imaging radsensor, developed modeling tools for device design, and are cautiously optimistic that we will achieve single x-ray photon sensitivity, and picosecond response. These predictions will be tested with Cu Kα xrays at the LLNL USP facility this spring and summer, with a cavity-based radsensor detector suitable for use in x-ray imagers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14842141; Lowry, Mark E. 1; Email Address: Lowry3@llnl.gov Bennett, Corey V. 1 Vernon, Stephen P. 1 Stewart, Richard 1 Welty, Rebecca J. 1 Heebner, John 1 Landen, Otto L. 1 Bell, Perry M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p3995; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842141&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Failor, B. H.
AU  - Qi, N.
AU  - Levine, J. S.
AU  - Sze, H.
AU  - Gullickson, E. M.
T1  - Soft x-ray (0.2<E<2.0 keV) imager for z-pinch plasma radiation sources.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4026
EP  - 4028
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Z-pinches can produce intense fluxes of argon K-shell (3 keV) radiation, but typically only a fraction of the load mass near the axis of the pinch radiates in this spectral range. The majority of the mass does not get hot or dense enough to radiate efficiently in the K-shell. We have designed, built, and tested an instrument to image pinch emission, specifically the radial emission profile, at energies below the K-shell in order to track the location of the cooler mass. A gold mirror provides a high-energy cut-off at 2 keV while a transmission grating disperses the incoming radiation and provides a low-energy cutoff at 0.1 keV. A vertical slit images the pinch radiation in the radial direction and the emission profile is recorded with either an extreme ultraviolet-sensitive charge-coupled device camera (time-integrated) or a linear photodiode array (∼1 ns time resolution). We present results for the mirror, grating, and system characterization obtained at the Advanced Light Source synchrotron located at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley, CA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA radiation
KW  - ARGON
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - HIGH temperature plasmas
N1  - Accession Number: 14842169; Failor, B. H. 1; Email Address: bfailor@titan.com Qi, N. 1 Levine, J. S. 1 Sze, H. 1 Gullickson, E. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Titan Corporation, Pulse Sciences Division, 2700 Merced Street, San Leandro, California 94577  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4026; Subject Term: PLASMA radiation; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: HIGH temperature plasmas; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787903
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842169&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, B.
AU  - Deeney, C.
AU  - Pirela, A.
AU  - Meyer, C.
AU  - Petmecky, D.
AU  - Gard, P.
AU  - Clark, R.
AU  - Davis, J.
T1  - Design of a multilayer mirror monochromatic x-ray imager for the Z accelerator.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4029
EP  - 4032
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A time-resolved pinhole camera is being developed for monochromatic soft x-ray imaging of z-pinch plasmas on the Z accelerator [R. B. Spielman et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)] at Sandia National Laboratories. Pinhole images will reflect from a planar multilayer mirror onto a microchannel plate detector. A W/Si or Cr/C multilayer reflects a narrow energy range (full width at half maximum <10 eV) centered at 277 eV with peak reflectivity up to 20%. This choice of energy will allow final implosion imaging of any wire-array z-pinch fielded on Z, as well as bench testing using a carbon Kα source. Aluminized parylene filters will eliminate optical and second harmonic reflection, and the 34° multilayer grazing angle will allow detector shielding from high energy x rays produced by the Z accelerator. The system will also include a standard in-line pinhole camera, which can be filtered to obtain simultaneous higher-photon-energy images. Future instruments could use multiple mirrors to image at several energies, or operate at a low grazing angle to image 1–10 keV K-shell emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - PINHOLE cameras
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842160; Jones, B. 1; Email Address: bmjones@sandia.gov Deeney, C. 1 Pirela, A. 2 Meyer, C. 2 Petmecky, D. 3 Gard, P. 3 Clark, R. 4 Davis, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123  2: Ktech Corp., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123  3: Technical Manufacturing Industries (TMI), Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123  4: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4029; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: PINHOLE cameras; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789257
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842160&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Bell, P. M.
AU  - McDonald, J. W.
AU  - Park, H.-S.
AU  - Weber, F.
AU  - Moody, J. D.
AU  - Lowry, M. E.
AU  - Stewart, R. E.
T1  - Static and time-resolved 10–1000 keV x-ray imaging detector options for NIF.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4037
EP  - 4039
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - High energy (>10 keV) x-ray self-emission imaging and radiography will be essential components of many NIF high energy density physics experiments. In preparation for such experiments, we have evaluated the pros and cons of various static [x-ray film, bare charge-coupled device (CCD), and scintillator + CCD] and time-resolved (streaked and gated) 10–1000 keV detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842168; Landen, O. L. 1; Email Address: landen1@llnl.gov Bell, P. M. 1 McDonald, J. W. 1 Park, H.-S. 1 Weber, F. 1 Moody, J. D. 1 Lowry, M. E. 1 Stewart, R. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California USA 94551-0808 USA; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4037; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787904
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842168&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schneider, M. B.
AU  - Sorce, C.
AU  - Loughman, K.
AU  - Emig, J.
AU  - Bruns, C.
AU  - Back, C.
AU  - Bell, P. M.
AU  - Compton, S.
AU  - Hargrove, D.
AU  - Holder, J. P.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Perry, T. S.
AU  - Shepherd, R.
AU  - Young, B. K.
T1  - Shielding a streak camera from hard x rays.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4040
EP  - 4041
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The targets used in the hot halfraum campaign at OMEGA create many hot electrons, which result in a large flux of hard x rays. The hard x rays produce a high background in the streak camera. The background was significantly reduced by wrapping the streak camera with a high-Z material; in this case, 1/8 in. of Pb. The large hard x-ray flux also adds noise to images from framing cameras which use charge-coupled devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - FRAMING cameras
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductors
KW  - CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842167; Schneider, M. B. 1; Email Address: Schneider5@LLNL.GOV Sorce, C. 1 Loughman, K. 1 Emig, J. 1 Bruns, C. 1 Back, C. 1 Bell, P. M. 1 Compton, S. 1 Hargrove, D. 1 Holder, J. P. 1 Landen, O. L. 1 Perry, T. S. 1 Shepherd, R. 1 Young, B. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-472 Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4040; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: FRAMING cameras; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788889
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lerche, R. A.
AU  - McDonald, J. W.
AU  - Griffith, R. L.
AU  - de Dios, G. Vergel
AU  - Andrews, D. S.
AU  - Huey, A. W.
AU  - Bell, P. M.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Jaanimagi, P. A.
AU  - Boni, R.
T1  - Preliminary performance measurements for a streak camera with a large-format direct-coupled charge-coupled device readout.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4042
EP  - 4044
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The University of Rochester’s Laboratory for Laser Energetics (Rochester, New York) is leading an effort to develop a modern, fully automated streak camera. Characterization of a prototype camera shows spatial resolution better than 20 lp/mm, temporal resolution of 12 ps, line-spread function of 40 μm (full width at half maximum) contrast transfer ratio of 60% at 10 lp/mm, system gain of 101 charge-coupled device electrons per photoelectron, and a dynamic range of 500 for a 2 ns window. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductors
KW  - CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PROTOTYPES
N1  - Accession Number: 14842166; Lerche, R. A. 1; Email Address: lerche1@llnl.gov McDonald, J. W. 1 Griffith, R. L. 1 de Dios, G. Vergel 1 Andrews, D. S. 1 Huey, A. W. 1 Bell, P. M. 1 Landen, O. L. 1 Jaanimagi, P. A. 2 Boni, R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Box 808, Livermore, California 94551  2: University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4042; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1788890
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842166&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marshall, F. J.
AU  - Oertel, J. A.
AU  - Walsh, P. J.
T1  - Framed, 16-image, Kirkpatrick–Baez microscope for laser–plasma x-ray emission.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4045
EP  - 4047
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A framed, 16-image, Kirkpatrick–Baez (KB)-type x-ray microscope has been designed for use in imaging laser–plasma x-ray emission. The reflecting elements are 16 pairs of concave mirrors arranged to reflect and focus x rays emanating from a laser-produced plasma. The resolution of the elements is 3 μm at best focus and is better than 5 μm within a 400-μm-diam region. A framing camera will be used in combination with the KB optic to produce 16 gated x-ray images in the energy range from 1.5 to 7 keV over a typical interval of 1.5 ns. This system is designed for use on the University of Rochester’s OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt Commun. 133, 495 (1997)]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - FRAMING cameras
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - MOTION picture cameras
N1  - Accession Number: 14842159; Marshall, F. J. 1; Email Address: fredm@lle.rochester.edu Oertel, J. A. 2 Walsh, P. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4045; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: FRAMING cameras; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: MOTION picture cameras; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789258
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842159&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, H.-S.
AU  - Izumi, N.
AU  - Key, M. H.
AU  - Koch, J. A.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Patel, P. K.
AU  - Phillips, T. W.
AU  - Zhang, B. B.
T1  - Characteristics of high energy Kα and Bremsstrahlung sources generated by short pulse petawatt lasers.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4048
EP  - 4050
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have measured the characteristics of high energy Kα sources created with the Vulcan Petawatt laser at RAL and the JanUSP laser at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. High energy x-ray backlighters will be essential for radiographing high energy-density experimental science targets for NIF projects especially to probe implosions and high areal density planar samples. Hard Kα x-ray photons are created through relativistic electron plasma interactions in the target material after irradiated by short pulse high intensity lasers. For our Vulcan experiment, we employed a CsI scintillator charge coupled device (CCD) camera for imaging and a CCD camera for single photon counting. We have directly measured the 22 keV Ag Kα source size using the RAL petawatt laser and performed knife-edge measurements of a 40 keV Sm Kα source using the JanUSP laser. The measured source sizes are both ∼60 μm full width half maximum. We have also measured the Ag Kα conversion efficiencies. At laser intensities of 1×1018 W/cm2 range, the conversion efficiency at 22 keV is ∼1×10-4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842146; Park, H.-S. 1; Email Address: park1@llnl.gov Izumi, N. 1 Key, M. H. 1 Koch, J. A. 1 Landen, O. L. 1 Patel, P. K. 1 Phillips, T. W. 1 Zhang, B. B. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551  2: University of California, Davis, California 95616; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4048; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789596
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842146&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wickersham, J. E.
AU  - Park, H.-S.
AU  - Bell, P. M.
AU  - Koch, J. A.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Moody, J. D.
T1  - Imaging detectors for 20–100 keV x-ray backlighters in high-energy-density experimental science petawatt experiments.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4051
EP  - 4053
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We are developing a petawatt laser for use as a high-energy backlighter source in the 20–100 keV range on the National Ignition Facility (NIF). High-energy x-ray backlighters will be essential for radiographing high-energy-density experimental science (HEDES) targets, especially to probe implosions and high areal density planar samples. For these high energy backlighter imaging experiments, we are developing two types of detectors: a columnar grown CsI scintillator coupled to a 2 K×2 K charge-coupled device camera, and a CdTe crystal with special application specific integrated circuit readout electronics in a 508×512 format array. We characterized these sensors using Cd109 and Am241 radioactive isotopes. In addition, we employed them to measure the Sm Kα source size generated by the short pulse laser, JanUSP, at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The CsI camera performed well, allowing a measurement of the Sm Kα source size. Calibration of this camera has shown that it has low noise and good resolution. The new CdTe camera performed well, however the noise level was too high for single photon counting. Some modifications to the camera will also be necessary in order to meet the needs of future hard x-ray experiments. Both cameras showed considerable promise as diagnostic tools for future high-energy x-ray backlighters for NIF HEDES experiments. This article will present the results of our characterizations of these detectors, and initial results from the JanUSP experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASERS
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 14842158; Wickersham, J. E. 1; Email Address: wickersham1@llnl.gov Park, H.-S. 1 Bell, P. M. 1 Koch, J. A. 1 Landen, O. L. 1 Moody, J. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-0808; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4051; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789259
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842158&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bradley, D. K.
AU  - Holder, J. P.
AU  - Damian, C. M.
AU  - Piston, K. W.
AU  - Bell, P. M.
AU  - Dymoke-Bradshaw, A. K. L.
AU  - Hares, J. D.
T1  - Progress on the development of a single line of sight x-ray framing camera.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4054
EP  - 4056
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - High-speed microstrip microchannel plate (MCP) x-ray framing cameras are a well established diagnostic for laser plasma experiments. Each frame acquired with these devices requires a separate image, and with most reasonable x-ray optics, a separate line of sight, causing potential parallax problems. Gated image tubes have a single line of sight capability, but the conventional designs have not been effectively extended to the short gating times of the microstrip-line MCP camera. A hybrid camera combining image tube and microstrip-line MCP technology has been under development at Lawrence Livermore National Lab in collaboration with University of Rochester Lab for Laser energetics, and KENTECH Instruments. The key feature of this single line of sight hybrid image tube is a deflection assembly that continuously divides the electrons from a single photocathode x-ray image into a set of four electron images. Temporal gating of these images is carried out using a microstrip-line microchannel plate framing camera module positioned at the image plane of the electron tube. Characterization measurements performed using both x rays from a Manson source and from laser generated plasmas, will be presented. Some implementation improvements will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRAMING cameras
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - KENTECH Instruments Ltd.
N1  - Accession Number: 14842144; Bradley, D. K. 1 Holder, J. P. 1 Damian, C. M. 1 Piston, K. W. 1 Bell, P. M. 1 Dymoke-Bradshaw, A. K. L. 2 Hares, J. D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: Kentech Instruments Ltd., Unit 9, Hall Farm Workshops, South Moreton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 9AG, United Kingdom.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4054; Subject Term: FRAMING cameras; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Company/Entity: KENTECH Instruments Ltd.; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789607
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842144&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keiter, Paul A.
AU  - Kyrala, George A.
T1  - Static characterization of aerogel targets for high energy density physics using x-ray radiography.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4057
EP  - 4059
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Knowledge of the density of aerogel foams used in high energy density physics experiments is crucial for simulating and understanding the results of experiments. An average density for the foams is gravimetrically determined, but provides no information on the uniformity of the density. X-ray radiography is used to determine the density uniformity of the foams and the average density of the foams. A comparison between a monochromatic and polychromatic method of determining the density from the x-ray radiography is performed and compared to the gravimetric results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - RADIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14842157; Keiter, Paul A. 1; Email Address: pkeiter@lanl.gov Kyrala, George A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Box 1663, MS E-526, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4057; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789260
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842157&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimbrough, J. R.
AU  - Moody, J. D.
AU  - Bell, P. M.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
T1  - Characterization of the series 1000 camera system.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4060
EP  - 4062
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The National Ignition Facility requires a compact network addressable scientific grade charge coupled device (CCD) camera for use in diagnostics ranging from streak cameras to gated x-ray imaging cameras. Due to the limited space inside the diagnostic, an analog and digital input/output option in the camera controller permits control of both the camera and the diagnostic by a single Ethernet link. The system consists of a Spectral Instruments Series 1000 camera, a PC104+ controller, and power supply. The 4k by 4k CCD camera has a dynamic range of 70 dB with less than 14 electron read noise at a 1 MHz readout rate. The PC104+ controller includes 16 analog inputs, four analog outputs, and 16 digital input/output lines for interfacing to diagnostic instrumentation. A description of the system and performance characterization is reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - STREAK cameras
KW  - ETHERNET (Local area network system)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - DATA transmission systems
KW  - CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842156; Kimbrough, J. R. 1; Email Address: kimbrough1@llnl.gov Moody, J. D. 1 Bell, P. M. 1 Landen, O. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551-0808; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4060; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: STREAK cameras; Subject Term: ETHERNET (Local area network system); Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: DATA transmission systems; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789261
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842156&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hemsing, E.
AU  - Furno, I.
AU  - Intrator, T.
AU  - Wei, D.
T1  - Analysis of visible light images from a fast-gated intensified charge coupled device camera during flux rope interaction and magnetic reconnection.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4106
EP  - 4108
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We present the experimental setup and analysis of visible light images from a fast double-gated intensified charge coupled device (CCD) camera currently being used on the reconnection scaling experiment (RSX) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. In RSX, externally driven free-boundary flux ropes are generated for magnetic reconnection studies in collisional plasma. Time-resolved images of flux rope interaction on submicrosecond time scales are achieved through the use of a microchannel plate intensified CCD camera and are shown to be consistent with probe measurements of plasma pressure and magnetic structure. High experimental repeatability allows plasma evolution to be displayed and measured from images taken over hundreds of RSX discharges to elucidate flux rope interaction dynamics. Peak-intensity fit algorithms extrapolate rope separation and two-dimensional rope velocities from images in agreement with probe data. First glimpses of two flux ropes that twist and merge are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 14842186; Hemsing, E. 1; Email Address: ehemsing@lanl.gov Furno, I. 1 Intrator, T. 1 Wei, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, M.S. E526, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4106; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductors; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787169
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842186&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furno, I.
AU  - Wurden, G. A.
T1  - Near infrared spectroscopy of the divertor region in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4112
EP  - 4114
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A new system for near infrared spectroscopic measurements (1.2–2.6 μm) is designed for the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. These measurements will provide a new window into understanding the physics of detached and/or high radiating plasmas. The system, located on top of the Alcator C-Mod concrete igloo, will view a 30×30 cm2 region of the lower divertor by means of a re-entrant 5 m long ZnSe based periscope. A McPherson 218 spectrometer will disperse the light that will then be detected by a thermoelectrically cooled InGaAs, 256-element linear image sensor. The signals from each pixel will be digitized by a 16-bit, 333 kHz analog/digital board and then transmitted over optical link to a personal computer (PC) located in Alcator C-Mod control room. The PC will remotely control the system and store the data in the MDSplus database. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEAR infrared spectroscopy
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - INDIUM
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14842184; Furno, I. 1; Email Address: furno@lanl.gov Wurden, G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, M. S. E526, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4112; Subject Term: NEAR infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: INDIUM; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787147
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842184&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kuritsyn, Aleksey
AU  - Levinton, Fred M.
T1  - Development of the megahertz planar laser-induced fluorescence diagnostic for plasma turbulence visualization.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4115
EP  - 4117
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A megahertz laser-induced fluorescence-based diagnostic system for measuring ion density fluctuations in two spatial dimensions is described. Well resolved spatial and temporal two-dimensional (2D) images of turbulent structures will be useful in understanding ion turbulence in magnetically confined plasmas which is a key factor in the performance of fusion experimental devices. A sheet beam of a megahertz repetition rate tunable Alexandrite laser is used to excite ion emission from argon plasma. The fluorescence emitted from the plane of the laser beam is detected with a narrow band interference filter and intensified ultrafast charge coupled device camera providing 2D images of relative ion density fluctuations every microsecond. It is expected that the edge plasma on fusion devices will be accessible to this technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842183; Kuritsyn, Aleksey 1; Email Address: kav@princeton.edu Levinton, Fred M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  2: Nova Photonics Inc., Princeton, New Jersey 08540; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4115; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787148
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842183&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, Ronald E.
T1  - Exploiting a transmission grating spectrometer.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4158
EP  - 4161
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The availability of compact transmission grating spectrometers now allows an attractive and economical alternative to the more familiar Czerny–Turner configuration for many high-temperature plasma applications. Higher throughput is obtained with short focal length refractive optics and stigmatic imaging. Many more spectra can be obtained with a single spectrometer since smaller, more densely packed optical input fibers can be used. Multiple input slits, along with a bandpass filter, can be used to maximize the number of spectra per detector, providing further economy. Curved slits can correct for the strong image curvature of the short focal length optics. Presented here are the governing grating equations for both standard and high-dispersion transmission gratings, defining dispersion, image curvature, and desired slit curvature, that can be used in the design of improved plasma diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - PLASMA diagnostics
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842130; Bell, Ronald E. 1; Email Address: rbell@pppl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton New Jersey 08543-0451.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4158; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: PLASMA diagnostics; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787601
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842130&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graf, A.
AU  - May, M.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Magee, E.
AU  - Lawrence, M.
AU  - Rice, J.
T1  - High resolution transmission grating spectrometer for edge toroidal rotation measurements of tokamak plasmas.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4165
EP  - 4167
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We present a high throughput (f/3) visible (3500–7000 Å) Doppler spectrometer for toroidal rotation velocity measurements of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasma. The spectrometer has a temporal response of 1 ms and a rotation velocity sensitivity of ∼105 cm/s. This diagnostic will have a tangential view and map out the plasma rotation at several locations along the outer half of the minor radius (r/a>0.5). The plasma rotation will be determined from the Doppler shifted wavelengths of Dα and magnetic and electric dipole transitions of highly ionized impurities in the plasma. The fast time resolution and high spectral resolving power are possible due to a 6 in. diam circular transmission grating that is capable of λ/Δλ∼15 500 at 5769 Å in conjunction with a 50 μm slit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - DOPPLER effect
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - IONIZED gases
N1  - Accession Number: 14842122; Graf, A. 1; Email Address: graf2@llnl.gov May, M. 2 Beiersdorfer, P. 2 Magee, E. 2 Lawrence, M. 2 Rice, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Davis, California 95616  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4165; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: DOPPLER effect; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: IONIZED gases; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789591
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842122&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Froula, D. H.
AU  - Bower, D.
AU  - Chrisp, M.
AU  - Grace, S.
AU  - Kamperschroer, J. H.
AU  - Kelleher, T. M.
AU  - Kirkwood, R. K.
AU  - MacGowan, B.
AU  - McCarville, T.
AU  - Sewall, N.
AU  - Shimamoto, F. Y.
AU  - Shiromizu, S. J.
AU  - Young, B.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
T1  - Full-aperture backscatter measurements on the National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4168
EP  - 4170
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The National Ignition Facility’s full-aperture backscatter station (FABS) is described. The FABS uses five independent diagnostics on each of the four laser beams in the initial National Ignition Facility quad to measure the energy, power, spectrum, and near-field amplitude modulations of the stimulated Brillouin and stimulated Raman backscattered light. In initial tests CO2 and C5H12 gas-filled targets were used to create various laser–plasma interaction conditions which have shown the capability of producing ignition size laser plasmas with reflectivites on the order of 10%. Results are presented for tests in which 16 kJ on target produced between 0.3 and 2.5 kJ of backscattered light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BRILLOUIN scattering
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842121; Froula, D. H. 1; Email Address: froula1@llnl.gov Bower, D. 1 Chrisp, M. 1 Grace, S. 1 Kamperschroer, J. H. 1 Kelleher, T. M. 1 Kirkwood, R. K. 1 MacGowan, B. 1 McCarville, T. 1 Sewall, N. 1 Shimamoto, F. Y. 1 Shiromizu, S. J. 1 Young, B. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4168; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: BRILLOUIN scattering; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789592
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842121&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Niemann, C.
AU  - Antonini, G.
AU  - Compton, S.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
AU  - Hargrove, D.
AU  - Moody, J. D.
AU  - Kirkwood, R. K.
AU  - Rekow, V.
AU  - Satariano, J.
AU  - Sorce, C.
AU  - Armstrong, W.
AU  - Bahr, R.
AU  - Keck, R.
AU  - Pien, G.
AU  - Seka, W.
AU  - Thorp, K.
T1  - Transmitted laser beam diagnostic at the Omega laser facility.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4171
EP  - 4173
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have developed and commissioned a transmitted beam diagnostic (TBD) for the 2ω high intensity interaction beam at the Omega laser facility. The TBD consists of a bare-surface reflector mounted near the target, which collects and reflects 4% of the transmitted light to a detector assembly outside the vacuum chamber. The detector includes a time integrating near-field camera that measures beam spray, deflection, and the absolute transmitted power. We present a detailed description of the instrument and the calibration method and include first measurements on laser heated gas bag targets to demonstrate the performance of the diagnostic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842129; Niemann, C. 1; Email Address: niemann1@llnl.gov Antonini, G. 1 Compton, S. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1 Hargrove, D. 1 Moody, J. D. 1 Kirkwood, R. K. 1 Rekow, V. 1 Satariano, J. 1 Sorce, C. 1 Armstrong, W. 2 Bahr, R. 2 Keck, R. 2 Pien, G. 2 Seka, W. 2 Thorp, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 E. River Road, Rochester, NY 14623.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4171; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787602
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842129&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kirkwood, R. K.
AU  - Mccarville, T.
AU  - Froula, D. H.
AU  - Young, B.
AU  - Bower, D.
AU  - Sewall, N.
AU  - Niemann, C.
AU  - Schneider, M.
AU  - Moody, J.
AU  - Gregori, G.
AU  - Holdener, F.
AU  - Chrisp, M.
AU  - MacGowan, B. J.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
AU  - Montgomery, D. S.
T1  - Calibration of initial measurements from the full aperture backscatter system on the National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4174
EP  - 4176
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The full aperture backscatter system provides a measure of the spectral power, and integrated energy scattered by stimulated Brillouin (348–354 nm) and Raman (400–800 nm) scattering into the final focusing lens of the first four beams of the NIF laser. The system was designed to provide measurements at the highest expected fluences with: (1) spectral and temporal resolution, (2) beam aperture averaging, and (3) near-field imaging. This is accomplished with a strongly attenuating diffusive fiber coupler and streaked spectrometer and separate calibrated time integrated spectrometers, and imaging cameras. A new technique determines the wavelength dependent sensitivity of the complete system with a calibrated Xe lamp. Data from the calibration system are combined with scattering data from targets to produce the calibrated power and energy measurements that show significant corrections due to the broad band calibrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BRILLOUIN scattering
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 14842120; Kirkwood, R. K. 1; Email Address: kirkwood1@llnl.gov Mccarville, T. 1 Froula, D. H. 1 Young, B. 1 Bower, D. 1 Sewall, N. 1 Niemann, C. 1 Schneider, M. 1 Moody, J. 1 Gregori, G. 1 Holdener, F. 1 Chrisp, M. 1 MacGowan, B. J. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1 Montgomery, D. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4174; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: BRILLOUIN scattering; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789593
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842120&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bower, D. E.
AU  - McCarville, T. J.
AU  - Alvarez, S. S.
AU  - Ault, L. E.
AU  - Brown, M. D.
AU  - Chrisp, M. P.
AU  - Damian, C. M.
AU  - DeHope, W. J.
AU  - Froula, D. H.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
AU  - Grace, S. E.
AU  - Gu, K.
AU  - Holdener, F. R.
AU  - Huffer, C. K.
AU  - Kamperschroer, J. H.
AU  - Kelleher, T. M.
AU  - Kimbrough, J. R.
AU  - Kirkwood, R.
AU  - Kurita, D. W.
AU  - Lee, A. P.
T1  - Full aperture backscatter station measurement system on the National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4177
EP  - 4179
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A full aperture backscatter station (FABS) target diagnostic has been activated on the first four beams of the National Ignition Facility. FABS measures both stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering with a suite of measurement instruments. Digital cameras and spectrometers record spectrally resolved energy for both P and S polarized light. Streaked spectrometers measure the spectral and temporal behavior of the backscattered light. Calorimeters and fast photodetectors measure the integrated energy and temporal behavior of the light, respectively. This article provides an overview of the FABS measurement system and detailed descriptions of the diagnostic instruments and the optical path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEASURING instruments
KW  - BRILLOUIN scattering
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 14842112; Bower, D. E. 1; Email Address: bower5@llnl.gov McCarville, T. J. 1 Alvarez, S. S. 1 Ault, L. E. 1 Brown, M. D. 1 Chrisp, M. P. 1 Damian, C. M. 1 DeHope, W. J. 1 Froula, D. H. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1 Grace, S. E. 1 Gu, K. 1 Holdener, F. R. 1 Huffer, C. K. 1 Kamperschroer, J. H. 1 Kelleher, T. M. 1 Kimbrough, J. R. 1 Kirkwood, R. 1 Kurita, D. W. 1 Lee, A. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4177; Subject Term: MEASURING instruments; Subject Term: BRILLOUIN scattering; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791749
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842112&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mackinnon, A. J.
AU  - McCarville, T.
AU  - Piston, K.
AU  - Niemann, C.
AU  - Jones, G.
AU  - Reinbachs, I.
AU  - Costa, R.
AU  - Celeste, J.
AU  - Holtmeier, G.
AU  - Griffith, R.
AU  - Kirkwood, R.
AU  - MacGowan, B.
AU  - Glenzer, S. H.
AU  - Latta, M. R.
T1  - Implementation of a near backscattering imaging system on the National Ignition Facility.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4183
EP  - 4186
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A near backscattering imaging diagnostic system is being implemented on the first quad of beams on the National Ignition Facility. This diagnostic images diffusing scatter plates, placed around the final focus lenses on the National Ignition Facility target chamber, to quantitatively measure the fraction of light backscattered outside of the focusing cone angle of incident laser beam. A wide-angle imaging system relays an image of light scattered outside the lens onto a gated charge coupled device camera, providing 3 mm resolution over a 2 m field of view. To account for changes of the system throughput due to exposure to target debris the system will be routinely calibrated in situ at 532 and 355 nm using a dedicated pulsed laser source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
N1  - Accession Number: 14842119; Mackinnon, A. J. 1; Email Address: mackinnon2@llnl.gov McCarville, T. 1 Piston, K. 1 Niemann, C. 1 Jones, G. 1 Reinbachs, I. 1 Costa, R. 1 Celeste, J. 1 Holtmeier, G. 1 Griffith, R. 1 Kirkwood, R. 1 MacGowan, B. 1 Glenzer, S. H. 1 Latta, M. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4183; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789594
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842119&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roquemore, A. L.
AU  - Biewer, Ted
AU  - Johnson, D.
AU  - Zweben, S. J.
AU  - Nishino, Nobuhiro
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V. A.
T1  - NSTX tangential divertor camera.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4190
EP  - 4192
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Strong magnetic field shear around the divertor x-point is numerically predicted to lead to strong spatial asymmetries in turbulence driven particle fluxes. To visualize the turbulence and associated impurity line emission near the lower x-point region, a new tangential observation port has been recently installed on NSTX. A reentrant sapphire window with a moveable in-vessel mirror images the divertor region from the center stack out to R∼80 cm and views the x-point for most plasma configurations. A coherent fiber optic bundle transmits the image through a remotely selected filter to a fast camera, for example, a 40 500 frames/s photron complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor camera. A gas puffer located in the lower inboard divertor will localize the turbulence in the region near the x-point. Edge fluid and turbulent codes UEDGE and BOUT will be used to interpret impurity and deuterium emission fluctuation measurements in the divertor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - MAGNETICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842114; Roquemore, A. L. 1; Email Address: Lroquemore@pppl.gov Biewer, Ted 1 Johnson, D. 1 Zweben, S. J. 1 Nishino, Nobuhiro 2 Soukhanovskii, V. A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  2: Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4190; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789609
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842114&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Casper, T. A.
AU  - Jayakumar, J.
AU  - Makowski, M. A.
AU  - Ellis, R.
T1  - Design aspects of a MSE diagnostic for ITER.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4193
EP  - 4195
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic is unique in its ability to measure the current profile and will be essential in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) for detailed analysis of Advanced Tokamak and other types of discharges. However, design of a MSE diagnostic for ITER presents many unique challenges. Among these is optical analysis for the convoluted optical path, required for effective neutron shielding, that employs several reflective optics arranged to form a labyrinth. The geometry of the diagnostic has been laid out and the expected Doppler shifts and channel resolution calculated. A model of the optical train has also been developed based on the Mueller matrix formalism. Unfolding the pitch angle for this complicated geometry is not straightforward and possible methods are evaluated. The CORSICA code is used to model a variety of ITER discharges including start-up, Ip-ramp, and reverse shear. The code also incorporates a synthetic MSE diagnostic that can be used to evaluate different viewing locations and optimize channel locations for the above discharges. Simulation of the optical emission spectrum is also under way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STARK effect
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - DOPPLER effect
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14842127; Casper, T. A. 1; Email Address: casper1@llnl.gov Jayakumar, J. 1 Makowski, M. A. 1 Ellis, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94566 USA.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4193; Subject Term: STARK effect; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: DOPPLER effect; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787604
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842127&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terry, J. L.
AU  - Zweben, S. J.
AU  - Bose, B.
AU  - Grulke, O.
AU  - Marmar, E. S.
AU  - Lowrance, J.
AU  - Mastrocola, V.
AU  - Renda, G.
T1  - High speed movies of turbulence in Alcator C-Mod.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4196
EP  - 4199
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A high speed (250 kHz), 300 frame charge coupled device camera has been used to image turbulence in the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak. The camera system is described and some of its important characteristics are measured, including time response and uniformity over the field-of-view. The diagnostic has been used in two applications. One uses gas-puff imaging to illuminate the turbulence in the edge/scrape-off-layer region, where D2 gas puffs localize the emission in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field when viewed by the camera system. The dynamics of the underlying turbulence around and outside the separatrix are detected in this manner. In a second diagnostic application, the light from an injected, ablating, high speed Li pellet is observed radially from the outer midplane, and fast poloidal motion of toroidal striations are seen in the Li+ light well inside the separatrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - CCD cameras
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842117; Terry, J. L. 1; Email Address: terry@psfc.mit.edu Zweben, S. J. 2 Bose, B. 1 Grulke, O. 3 Marmar, E. S. 1 Lowrance, J. 4 Mastrocola, V. 4 Renda, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  3: MPI for Plasma Physics, EURATOM Association, Greifswald, Germany  4: Princeton Scientific Instruments, Inc., Princeton, New Jersey 08852; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4196; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: CCD cameras; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789597
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842117&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell, P. M.
AU  - Landen, O. L.
AU  - Weber, F. A.
AU  - Lowry, M. E.
AU  - Bennett, C. V.
AU  - Kimbrough, J. R.
AU  - Moody, J. D.
AU  - Holder, J. P.
AU  - Lerche, R. A.
AU  - Griffith, R. L.
AU  - Park, H. S.
AU  - Boni, R.
AU  - Jaanimagi, P. A.
AU  - Davies, T.
T1  - Target diagnostic technology research and development for the LLNL ICF and HED program (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4200
EP  - 4203
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The National Ignition Facility is operational at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The inertial confinement fusion and HED programs at LLNL have formed diagnostic research and development groups to institute improvements outside the charter of core diagnostics. We will present data from instrumentation being developed. A major portion of our work is improvements to detectors and readout systems. We have efforts related to charge-coupled device (CCD) development. Work has been done in collaboration with the University of Arizona to back thin a large format CCD device. We have developed in collaboration with a commercial vendor a large format, compact CCD system. We have coupled large format CCD systems to our optical and x-ray streak cameras leading to improvements in resolution and dynamic range. We will discuss gate width and uniformity improvements to microchannel plate-based framing cameras. We will present data from single shot data link work and discuss technology aimed at improvements of dynamic range for high-speed transient measurements from remote locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE coupled devices
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductors
KW  - CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics)
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14842116; Bell, P. M. 1; Email Address: bell11@llnl.gov Landen, O. L. 1 Weber, F. A. 1 Lowry, M. E. 1 Bennett, C. V. 1 Kimbrough, J. R. 1 Moody, J. D. 1 Holder, J. P. 1 Lerche, R. A. 1 Griffith, R. L. 1 Park, H. S. 1 Boni, R. 2 Jaanimagi, P. A. 2 Davies, T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 9455  2: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299  3: Bechtel Nevada, Special Technologies Laboratory, Santa Barbara, California 94551; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4200; Subject Term: CHARGE coupled devices; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer devices (Electronics); Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789598
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842116&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skinner, C. H.
AU  - Roquemore, A. L.
AU  - Bader, A.
AU  - Wampler, W. R.
T1  - Deposition diagnostics for next-step devices (invited).
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4213
EP  - 4218
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Deposition in next-step devices such as ITER will pose diagnostic challenges. Codeposition of hydrogen with carbon needs to be characterized and understood in the initial hydrogen phase in order to mitigate tritium retention and qualify carbon plasma facing components for DT operations. Plasma facing diagnostic mirrors will experience deposition that is expected to rapidly degrade their reflectivity, posing a challenge to diagnostic design. Some eroded particles will collect as dust on interior surfaces and the quantity of dust will be strictly regulated for safety reasons however, diagnostics of in-vessel dust are lacking. We report results from two diagnostics that relate to these issues. Measurements of deposition on NSTX with 4 Hz time resolution have been made using a quartz microbalance in a configuration that mimics that of a typical diagnostic mirror. Often deposition was observed immediately following the discharge suggesting that diagnostic shutters should be closed as soon as possible after the time period of interest. Material loss was observed following a few discharges. A novel diagnostic to detect dust particles on remote surfaces was commissioned on NSTX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CARBON
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - QUARTZ
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - OXIDE minerals
N1  - Accession Number: 14842111; Skinner, C. H. 1 Roquemore, A. L. 1 Bader, A. 2 Wampler, W. R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  2: Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York, New York 10003.  3: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87175.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4213; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: QUARTZ; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1783600
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842111&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mead, M. J.
AU  - Neely, D.
AU  - Gauoin, J.
AU  - Heathcote, R.
AU  - Patel, P.
T1  - Electromagnetic pulse generation within a petawatt laser target chamber.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4225
EP  - 4227
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Recent work has been undertaken to characterize the electromagnatic pulse (EMP) generated by the high temperature high density plasma produced by a petawatt laser. This was to evaluate the susceptibility to malfunction and damage of equipment and diagnostics for the new Orion laser. EMP measurement were made using moebius loop antennas fitted inside the target chamber of the Vulcan petawatt laser at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. These show the EMP as a 63 MHz transient which decays from a peak magnetic field of around 4.3 A/m. A theoretical model presented assumes the EMP is produced by an impulse of 1012 electron emanating from the target, which charge the chamber wall causing it to ring at natural frequency. The theoretical model provides an estimate of the EMP measured in the Vulcan petawatt target chamber and will be used for the design of the Orion laser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14842108; Mead, M. J. 1; Email Address: michael.mead@awc.co.uk Neely, D. 2 Gauoin, J. 2 Heathcote, R. 2 Patel, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, United Kingdom.  2: CLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4225; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787606
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Giannella, R.
AU  - Hawkes, N. C.
AU  - Jayakumar, R.
AU  - Makowski, M.
AU  - Zabeo, L.
T1  - Point-to-point analysis of MSE data for plasma diagnostics and control.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4247
EP  - 4250
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A local analysis technique is presented for the analysis of MSE data to deduce the safety factor q in tokamak discharges. The technique preserves as much as possible the individuality of every single measure by a simple rule of translation of magnetic field pitch angle measurements into q-values. Based on a geometric approach, and the observation that the flux surfaces shapes are strongly constrained by that of the last closed flux surface (LCFS), by the position of the magnetic axis and by a few more global parameters, it provides a robust, nonsubjective, accurate technique that is useful for the experimental study of q-profiles and for the evaluation of its uncertainties. It also provides a useful tool for plasma control experiments as it does not submit data to a preliminary search of minima in a multi-parametric domain, a procedure that may lead to jumps in the time behavior of the produced results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA diagnostics
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - PLASMA confinement
KW  - PLASMA probes
N1  - Accession Number: 14842105; Giannella, R. 1; Email Address: ruggcro.giannclla@cca.fr Hawkes, N. C. 2 Jayakumar, R. 3 Makowski, M. 3 Zabeo, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Association EURATOM-CEA, CEN-Cadarache, 13108 Saint Paul-lez-Durance (France)  2: EURATOM/UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4247; Subject Term: PLASMA diagnostics; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Subject Term: PLASMA confinement; Subject Term: PLASMA probes; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781379
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842105&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, S. Y.
AU  - Tejero, E. M.
AU  - Taccetti, J. M.
AU  - Wurden, G. A.
AU  - Intrator, T. P.
AU  - Waganaar, W. J.
AU  - Perkins, R.
T1  - Separatrix radius measurement of field-reversed configuration plasma in FRX-L.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4289
EP  - 4292
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Magnetic pickup coils and single turn flux loops are installed on the FRX-L device. The combination of the two measurements provides the excluded flux radius that approximates the separatrix radius of the field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma. Arrays of similar probes are used to map out local magnetic field dynamics beyond both ends of the theta-coil confinement region to help understand the effects of cusp locations on flux trapping during the FRC formation process. Details on the probe design and system calibrations are presented. The overall system calibration of excluded flux radius measurement is examined by replacing FRC plasma with a known radius aluminum conductor cylinder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - RADIUS (Anatomy)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - CALIBRATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14842079; Zhang, S. Y. 1; Email Address: syzhang@lanl.gov Tejero, E. M. 1 Taccetti, J. M. 1 Wurden, G. A. 1 Intrator, T. P. 1 Waganaar, W. J. 1 Perkins, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4289; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: RADIUS (Anatomy); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789618
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V. A.
AU  - Kugel, H. W.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Majeski, R.
AU  - Roquemore, A. L.
T1  - Supersonic gas injector for fueling and diagnostic applications on the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4320
EP  - 4323
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A prototype pulsed supersonic gas injector (SGI) has been developed for the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). Experiments in NSTX will explore the compatibility of the supersonic gas jet fueling with the H-mode plasma edge, edge localized mode control, edge magnetohydrodynamic stability, radio frequency heating scenarios, and start-up scenarios with a fast plasma density ramp up. The diagnostic applications include localized impurity gas injections for transport and turbulence experiments and edge helium spectroscopy for edge Te and ne profile measurements. Nozzle and gas injector design considerations are presented and four types of supersonic nozzles are discussed. The prototype SGI operates at room temperature. It is comprised of a small graphite Laval nozzle coupled to a modified commercial piezoelectric valve and mounted on a movable vacuum feedthrough. The critical properties of the SGI jet—low divergence, high density, and sharp boundary gradient, achievable only at M>1, have been demonstrated in a laboratory setup simulating NSTX edge conditions. The Mach numbers of about 4, the injection rate up to 1022 particles/s, and the jet divergence half angle of 6° have been inferred from pulsed pressure measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - SUPERSONIC nozzles
KW  - PIEZOELECTRIC devices
KW  - PIEZOELECTRICITY
KW  - SUPERSONIC aerodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14842087; Soukhanovskii, V. A. 1 Kugel, H. W. 2 Kaita, R. 2 Majeski, R. 2 Roquemore, A. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4320; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SUPERSONIC nozzles; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: SUPERSONIC aerodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787579
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842087&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rudakov, D. L.
AU  - Boedo, J. A.
AU  - Moyer, R. A.
AU  - Stangeby, P. C.
AU  - McLean, A.
AU  - Watkins, J. G.
T1  - Effect of electron temperature fluctuations on slowly swept Langmuir probe measurements.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4334
EP  - 4337
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Swept Langmuir probes are widely used to measure electron temperature (Te) in laboratory plasmas by performing an exponential fit to the measured volt–ampere (I–V) characteristic. Often the probe voltage sweep frequency is much lower than the characteristic frequencies of the plasma fluctuations and a time-averaged I–V characteristic is used for the fit. We show by numerical modeling that in the presence of Te fluctuations with frequencies well above the voltage sweep frequency this standard technique applied to a swept single probe tends to read higher than the actual time-averaged Te provided no correlated plasma potential (Vp) fluctuations are present. In the presence of coupled Te and Vp fluctuations a slowly swept single probe may read either higher or lower than the average Te, depending on the relative amplitude and phase of the temperature and potential fluctuations. In contrast, swept double probe measurements of Te are virtually unaffected by either Te or Vp fluctuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA frequencies
KW  - ELECTRON temperature
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PLASMA waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14842074; Rudakov, D. L. 1; Email Address: rudakov@fusion.gat.com Boedo, J. A. 1 Moyer, R. A. 1 Stangeby, P. C. 2 McLean, A. 2 Watkins, J. G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Energy Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.  2: University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T6, Canada.  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4334; Subject Term: PLASMA frequencies; Subject Term: ELECTRON temperature; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789623
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raman, R.
AU  - Kugel, H. W.
AU  - Gernhardt, R.
AU  - Provost, T.
AU  - Jarboe, T. R.
AU  - Soukhanovskii, V.
T1  - Fast neutral pressure gauges in NSTX.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/10//Oct2004 Part I & II
VL  - 75
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 4347
EP  - 4349
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Successful operation in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) of two prototype fast-response micro ionization gauges during plasma operations has motivated us to install five gauges at different toroidal and poloidal locations. These have a nitrogen equivalent lower pressure limit of a conventional ion gauge (∼3×10-10 Torr) and an upper pressure limit of 50 mTorr. On NSTX, they have a useful operating range of 1×10-5 Torr–4 mTorr in deuterium. The modified Princeton Divertor Experiment-type Penning gauges are well suited for pressure measurements in the NSTX divertor where the toroidal field is relatively high. It is capable of operation over a pressure range of 1×10-5Torr–4 mTorr in deuterium. The gauge calibration has been stable for 2 years and the gauges have required no maintenance. Behind the NSTX outer divertor plates where the field is lower, an unshielded ion gauge of a new design has been installed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRESSURE gages
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - DEUTERIUM
KW  - GAGES -- Calibration
KW  - GAGES
KW  - HYDROGEN isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 14842082; Raman, R. 1; Email Address: raman@aa.washington.edu Kugel, H. W. 2 Gernhardt, R. 2 Provost, T. 2 Jarboe, T. R. 1 Soukhanovskii, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.; Source Info: Oct2004 Part I & II, Vol. 75 Issue 10, p4347; Subject Term: PRESSURE gages; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Subject Term: GAGES -- Calibration; Subject Term: GAGES; Subject Term: HYDROGEN isotopes; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787584
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14842082&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye Zhou
AU  - Matthaeus, W. H.
AU  - Dmitruk, P.
T1  - Colloquium: Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and time scales in astrophysical and space plasmas.
JO  - Reviews of Modern Physics
JF  - Reviews of Modern Physics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 76
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1015
EP  - 1035
SN  - 00346861
AB  - Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence has been employed as a physical model for a wide range of applications in astrophysical and space plasma physics. This Colloquium reviews fundamental aspects of MHD turbulence, including spectral energy transfer, nonlocality, and anisotropy, each of which is related to the multiplicity of dynamical time scales that may be present. These basic issues are discussed based on the concepts of sweeping of the small scales by a large-scale field, which in MHD occurs due to effects of counterpropagating waves, as well as the local straining processes that occur due to nonlinear couplings. These considerations give rise to various expected energy spectra, which are compared to both simulation results and relevant observations from space and astrophysical plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Reviews of Modern Physics is the property of American Physical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 16834204; Ye Zhou 1; Email Address: yezhou@mail.llnl.gov Matthaeus, W. H. 2; Email Address: yswhm@bartol.udel.edu Dmitruk, P. 2; Email Address: pablo@bartol.udel.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California 94511, USA  2: Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 76 Issue 4, p1015; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maddalena, Randy L.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
AU  - Sohn, Michael D.
T1  - Standardized Approach for Developing Probabilistic Exposure Factor Distributions.
JO  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
JF  - Risk Analysis: An International Journal
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1185
EP  - 1199
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 02724332
AB  - The effectiveness of a probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) depends on the quality and relevance of the output from exposure and risk models, which, in turn, depends on the critical inputs to the assessment. These critical inputs are often in the form of probabilistic exposure factor distributions that are derived for the given risk scenario. Deriving probabilistic distributions for model inputs can be time consuming and subjective. The absence of a standard approach for developing these distributions can result in PRAs that are inconsistent and difficult to review by regulatory agencies. We present an approach that reduces subjectivity in the distribution development process without limiting the flexibility needed to prepare relevant PRAs. The approach requires two steps. First, we analyze data pooled at a population scale to (i) identify the most robust demographic descriptors within the population for a given exposure factor, (ii) partition the data into subsets based on these variables, and (iii) construct archetypal distributions for each subpopulation. Second, we sample from these archetypal distributions according to site- or scenario-specific conditions to simulate exposure factor values and use these values to construct the scenario-specific input distribution. The archetypal distributions developed through Step 1 provide a consistent basis for developing scenario-specific distributions so risk assessors will not have to repeatedly collect and analyze raw data for each new assessment. We demonstrate the approach for two commonly used exposure factors—body weight (BW) and exposure duration (ED)—using data that are representative of the U.S. population. For these factors we provide a first set of subpopulation-based archetypal distributions and demonstrate methods for using these distributions to construct relevant scenario-specific probabilistic exposure factor distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Risk Analysis: An International Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Population
KW  - Demography
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Distribution (Probability theory)
KW  - classification and regression tree (CART)
KW  - exposure duration
KW  - probabilistic risk assessment
KW  - probability density function (PDF)
N1  - Accession Number: 15022557; Maddalena, Randy L. 1; Email Address: rlmaddalena@lbl.gov; McKone, Thomas E. 1,2; Sohn, Michael D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; 2: School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 942720, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p1185; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Population; Thesaurus Term: Demography; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Subject Term: Distribution (Probability theory); Author-Supplied Keyword: classification and regression tree (CART); Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure duration; Author-Supplied Keyword: probabilistic risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: probability density function (PDF); NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00518.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Armbrust, E. Virginia
AU  - Berges, John A.
AU  - Bowler, Chris
AU  - Green, Beverley R.
AU  - Martinez, Diego
AU  - Putnam, Nicholas H.
AU  - Zhou, Shiguo
AU  - Allen, Andrew E.
AU  - Apt, Kirk E.
AU  - Bechner, Michael
AU  - Brzezinski, Mark A.
AU  - Chaal, Balbir K.
AU  - Chiovitti, Anthony
AU  - Davis, Aubrey K.
AU  - Demarest, Mark S.
AU  - Detter, J. Chris
AU  - Glavina, Tijana
AU  - Goodstein, David
AU  - Hadi, Masood Z.
AU  - Hellsten, Uffe
T1  - The Genome of the Diatom Thalassiosira Pseudonana: Ecology, Evolution, and Metabolism.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 306
IS  - 5693
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 86
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Diatoms are unicellular algae with plastids acquired by secondary endosymbiosis. They are responsible for ∼20% of global carbon fixation. We report the 34 million-base pair draft nuclear genome of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and its 129 thousand-base pair plastid and 44 thousand-base pair mitochondrial genomes. Sequence and optical restriction mapping revealed 24 diploid nuclear chromosomes. We identified novel genes for silicic acid transport and formation of silica-based cell walls, high-affinity iron uptake, biosynthetic enzymes for several types of polyunsaturated fatty acids, use of a range of nitrogenous compounds, and a complete urea cycle, all attributes that allow diatoms to prosper in aquatic environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - DIATOMS
KW  - THALASSIOSIRA
KW  - ENDOSYMBIOSIS
N1  - Accession Number: 14698299; Armbrust, E. Virginia 1; Email Address: armbrust@ocean.washington.edu Berges, John A. 2 Bowler, Chris 3,4 Green, Beverley R. 5 Martinez, Diego 6 Putnam, Nicholas H. 6 Zhou, Shiguo 7 Allen, Andrew E. 4,8 Apt, Kirk E. 9 Bechner, Michael 7 Brzezinski, Mark A. 10 Chaal, Balbir K. 5 Chiovitti, Anthony 11 Davis, Aubrey K. 12 Demarest, Mark S. 10 Detter, J. Chris 6 Glavina, Tijana 6 Goodstein, David 6 Hadi, Masood Z. 13 Hellsten, Uffe 6; Affiliation:  1: School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.  2: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.  3: Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Stazione Zoologica, Villa Comunale, I 80121 Naples, Italy. Organismes Photosynthétiques et Environnement, Département de Biologie, 75230 Paris, France.  4: Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75230 Paris, France.  5: Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada, V6T 1Z4.  6: Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA.  7: Department of Genetics and Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.  8: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.  9: Martek Biosciences Corp, 6480 Dobbin Road, Columbia, MD 21045, USA.  10: Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology and Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.  11: School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.  12: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.  13: Lockheed Martin Corporation, Sandia National Laboratory, Post Office Box 969, MS-9951, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5693, p79; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Subject Term: DIATOMS; Subject Term: THALASSIOSIRA; Subject Term: ENDOSYMBIOSIS; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 6212
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Humayun, Munir
AU  - Qin, Liping
AU  - Norman, Marc D.
T1  - Geochemical Evidence for Excess Iron in the Mantle Beneath Hawaii.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10//10/1/2004
VL  - 306
IS  - 5693
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 94
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Chemical interaction of Earth's mantle with the liquid outer core should influence the mantle's iron content. Osmium isotope ratios in Hawaiian lavas indicate a mass flux of <1% core to the mantle, which is the immediate source of these lavas. We present precise measurements of the Fe/Mn ratio for Hawaiian lavas, revealing an increase of 1 to 2% in the mole fraction of iron in the mantle beneath Hawaii. This corresponds to a density anomaly of about 0.5%, about the same magnitude observed in seismic tomography models of the Pacific superswell region. These data also rule out a role for Mn-rich sediments as the source of the Hawaiian Os isotope signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - IRON
KW  - METALS
KW  - LAVA
KW  - VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.
N1  - Accession Number: 14698302; Humayun, Munir 1,2; Email Address: humayun@magnet.fsu.edu Qin, Liping 1 Norman, Marc D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of the Geophysical Sciences, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Geological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.  3: Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.; Source Info: 10/1/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5693, p91; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: LAVA; Subject Term: VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3263
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yantasee, Wassana
AU  - Lin, Yuehe
AU  - Alford, Kentin L.
AU  - Busche, Brad J.
AU  - Fryxell, Glen E.
AU  - Engelhard, Mark H.
T1  - Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions of Amine and Sulfonate onto Fine-Grained Activated Carbon for Aqueous-Phase Metal Ion Removal.
JO  - Separation Science & Technology
JF  - Separation Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 39
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3263
EP  - 3279
SN  - 01496395
AB  - Two new materials for adsorption of metal ions from aqueous media have been developed. The organic functional groups amine(–NH2) and sulfonate(–SO3H) were successfully attached to a commercially available fine-grained activated carbon(AC) via electrophilic aromatic substitutions. The surface properties of the materials were investigated using FTIR spectroscopy, XPS, BET surface area analysis, gravimetric methods, and elemental analysis. The NH2-AC and SO3H-AC each had a functional group density of 3 mmol/g. Batch metal ion adsorption experiments were conducted to determine metal binding properties of the adsorbent materials. Based on the distribution coefficients(Kd) of metal ions tested, the unmodified AC and sulfonated-AC both had an affinity for metal ions in decreasing order of Nd > Lu ≈ La > Pb > Cu > Ni ≈ Cd > Mn ≈ Ca, while the amine-AC had an affinity for metal ions in the order of Cu ≫ Nd ≈ Lu ≈ La > Pb > Ni > Cd > Mn ≈ Ca. With maximum Kd values of 130,000 for amine-AC and 25,000 for sulfonated-AC, compared to a Kd of 2,000 for unmodified AC, the modified activated carbons have a strong potential for use in removing heavy metal ions and lanthanide ions from aqueous wastes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Separation Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINES
KW  - ACTIVATED carbon
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - SURFACE area
KW  - Chemically modi- fied carbon.
KW  - Metal separation
KW  - Nanoporous sorbent
N1  - Accession Number: 14806908; Yantasee, Wassana 1 Lin, Yuehe 1 Alford, Kentin L. 1 Busche, Brad J. 1 Fryxell, Glen E. 1; Email Address: glen.fryxell@pnl.gov. Engelhard, Mark H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99352, USA.; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 39 Issue 14, p3263; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: ACTIVATED carbon; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: SURFACE area; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemically modi- fied carbon.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoporous sorbent; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SS-200033140
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jia Li
AU  - Yican Zhou
AU  - Zhien Ma
AU  - Hyman, James M.
T1  - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MODELS FOR MUTATING PATHOGENS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 65
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - We formulate epidemiological models for the transmission of a pathogen that can mutate in the host to create a second infectious mutant strain. The models account for mutation rates that depend on how long the host has been infected. We derive explicit formulas for the reproductive number of the epidemic based on the local stability of the infection-free equilibrium. We analyze the existence and stability of the boundary equilibrium, whose infection components are zero and positive, respectively, and the endemic equilibrium, whose components are all positive. We establish the conditions for global stability of the infection-free and boundary equilibria and local stability of the endemic equilibrium for the case where there is no age structure for the pathogen in the infected population. We show that under certain circumstances, there is a Hopf bifurcation where the endemic equilibrium loses its stability, and periodic solutions appear. We provide examples and numerical simulations to illustrate the Hopf bifurcation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - EPIDEMICS
KW  - HOPF algebras
KW  - BIFURCATION theory
KW  - COMMUNICABLE diseases
KW  - epidemic model
KW  - global stability
KW  - Hopf bifurcation
KW  - infection age
KW  - mutation
KW  - pathogen
KW  - reproductive number
N1  - Accession Number: 15116694; Jia Li 1; Email Address: li@math.uah.edu Yican Zhou 2; Email Address: zhouyc@mail.xjtu.edu.cn Zhien Ma 2; Email Address: zhma@xjtu.edu.cn Hyman, James M. 3; Email Address: hyman@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899.  2: Department of Applied Mathematics, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China.  3: Energy Program Theoretical Division, MS-B284, Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 65 Issue 1, p1; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: EPIDEMICS; Subject Term: HOPF algebras; Subject Term: BIFURCATION theory; Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases; Author-Supplied Keyword: epidemic model; Author-Supplied Keyword: global stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hopf bifurcation; Author-Supplied Keyword: infection age; Author-Supplied Keyword: mutation; Author-Supplied Keyword: pathogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: reproductive number; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036139903430185
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hald, Ole H.
AU  - Shestakov, Aleksei I.
T1  - STABILITY OF STATIONARY SOLUTIONS OF THE MULTIFREQUENCY RADIATION DIFFUSION EQUATIONS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
JF  - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 65
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 193
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 00361399
AB  - A nondimensional model of the multifrequency radiation diffusion equation is derived. A single material ideal gas equation-of-state is assumed. Opacities are proportional to the inverse of the cube of the frequency. inclusion of stimulated emission implies a Wien spectrum for the radiation source function. it is shown that the solutions are uniformly bounded in time and that stationary solutions are stable. The spatially independent solutions are asymptotically stable, while the spatially dependent solutions of the linearized equations approach zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION sources
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - CRYOSCOPY
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - multifrequency radiation diffusion
KW  - stationary solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 15116664; Hald, Ole H. 1; Email Address: hald@math.berkeley.edu Shestakov, Aleksei I. 2; Email Address: shestakov@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94550.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 65 Issue 1, p175; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: CRYOSCOPY; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: multifrequency radiation diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: stationary solutions; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/S0036139902407303
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - GURVITS, LEONID
AU  - RODMAN, LEIBA
T1  - ON MATRIX POLYNOMIALS WITH REAL ROOTS.
JO  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
JF  - SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 758
EP  - 764
PB  - Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
SN  - 08954798
AB  - It is proved that the roots of combinations of matrix polynomials with real roots can be recast as eigenvalues of combinations of real symmetric matrices, under certain hypotheses. The proof is based on the recent solution of the Lax conjecture. Several applications and corollaries, in particular concerning hyperbolic matrix polynomials, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis & Applications is the property of Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYNOMIALS
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - SYMMETRIC matrices
KW  - HYPERBOLIC groups
KW  - MULTIPLICITY (Mathematics)
KW  - ROOTS of equations
KW  - hyperbolic polynomials
KW  - matrix polynomials
N1  - Accession Number: 84393029; GURVITS, LEONID 1; Email Address: gurvits@lanl.gov RODMAN, LEIBA 2; Email Address: lxrodm@math.wm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: College of William and Mary, Department of Mathematics, P. O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p758; Subject Term: POLYNOMIALS; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: SYMMETRIC matrices; Subject Term: HYPERBOLIC groups; Subject Term: MULTIPLICITY (Mathematics); Subject Term: ROOTS of equations; Author-Supplied Keyword: hyperbolic polynomials; Author-Supplied Keyword: matrix polynomials; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1137/040606089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burch, Jay
AU  - Christensen, Craig
AU  - Salasovich, Jim
AU  - Thornton, Jeff
T1  - Simulation of an unglazed collector system for domestic hot water and space heating and cooling
JO  - Solar Energy
JF  - Solar Energy
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
EP  - 406
SN  - 0038092X
AB  - This paper details modeling assumptions and simulation results for an unglazed collector system supplying domestic hot water, space heating, and space cooling loads. Collectors are modeled using unglazed collector test results. Variation of savings with collector area, storage volume, heat exchanger size, and wind for the Albuquerque, NM climate are shown. Over the storage-to-collector ratio range of 40–640 l/m2 collector, annual savings varies only ±15%. Cooling is sensitive to heat exchanger size, and heating is sensitive to wind velocity. At a collector area of 23 m2, the unglazed system meets about 56% of the annual total energy demand, saving 25.9 $/m2 yr for an all-electric home. For the 23 m2 area, savings for a cold/damp (Madison) and a hot/humid (Miami) climate are 64% and 56%, respectively, of the savings in Albuquerque. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Hot water
KW  - Solar space heating
KW  - Space heaters
KW  - Heat exchangers
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - United States
N1  - Accession Number: 14579811; Burch, Jay 1; Email Address: jay_burch@nrel.gov; Christensen, Craig 1; Email Address: craig_christensen@nrel.gov; Salasovich, Jim 1; Email Address: james_salasovich@nrel.gov; Thornton, Jeff 2; Email Address: thornton@tess-inc.com; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 2: Thermal Energy Simulation Specialists, Inc., 2916 Marketplace Dr., #104, Madison, WI 53719, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 77 Issue 4, p399; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Hot water; Subject Term: Solar space heating; Subject Term: Space heaters; Subject Term: Heat exchangers; Subject: New Mexico; Subject: United States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335210 Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333416 Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solener.2003.12.014
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlsson, B.
AU  - Möller, K.
AU  - Köhl, M.
AU  - Heck, M.
AU  - Brunold, S.
AU  - Frei, U.
AU  - Marechal, J.-C.
AU  - Jorgensen, G.
T1  - The applicability of accelerated life testing for assessment of service life of solar thermal components
JO  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
JF  - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 84
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 274
SN  - 09270248
AB  - To achieve successful commercialisation of new advanced windows and solar façade components for buildings, the durability of these need to be demonstrated prior to installation by use of reliable and well-accepted test methods. In Task 27 Performance of Solar Facade Components of the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme work has therefore been undertaken with the objective to develop a general methodology for durability test procedures and service lifetime prediction methods adaptable to the wide variety of advanced optical materials and components used in energy efficient solar thermal and buildings applications. As the result of this work a general methodology has been developed. The proposed methodology includes three steps: (a) initial risk analysis of potential failure modes, (b) screening testing/analysis for service life prediction and microclimate characterisation, and (c) service life prediction involving mathematical modelling and life testing.The applicability of the working scheme to be employed in the development of durability test procedures has been analysed for selective solar absorber surfaces and polymeric glazing materials in flat plate solar collectors. The examples show the great applicability of the general methodology for accelerated life testing. This will allow much shorter development cycle times for new products and will allow improvements to be identified and readily incorporated in new products prior to market introduction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - SOLAR heating
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - Accelerated testing
KW  - Durability
KW  - Polymeric glazing material
KW  - Selective solar absorber surface
KW  - Service life prediction
KW  - Solar thermal materials
N1  - Accession Number: 14188131; Carlsson, B. 1; Email Address: bo.carlsson@sp.se Möller, K. 1 Köhl, M. 2 Heck, M. 2 Brunold, S. 3 Frei, U. 3 Marechal, J.-C. 4 Jorgensen, G. 5; Affiliation:  1: SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, P.O. Box 857, SE-501 15, Borås, Sweden  2: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE), Heidenhofstr. 2, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany  3: Institut für Solartechnik (SPF), Hochschule Rapperswil HSR, CH-8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland  4: CSTB Centre Scientific et Technique du Batiment, F-38400 Saint-Martin D’Heres, France  5: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 84 Issue 1-4, p255; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: SOLAR heating; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: POWER resources; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerated testing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Durability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymeric glazing material; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selective solar absorber surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Service life prediction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar thermal materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.046
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14188131&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trébosc, J.
AU  - Amoureux, J.P.
AU  - Delevoye, L.
AU  - Wiench, J.W.
AU  - Pruski, M.
T1  - Frequency-selective measurement of heteronuclear scalar couplings in solid-state NMR
JO  - Solid State Sciences
JF  - Solid State Sciences
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 6
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1089
EP  - 1095
SN  - 12932558
AB  - Abstract: A new technique is proposed for selective measurement of heteronuclear scalar J couplings between spins in solids. The method, referred to as FS-J-RES (Frequency-Selective-J-RESolved) NMR, uses frequency-selective irradiation at the I (nonobserved) spin frequency to target a specific pair of spins in a multispin system. In addition, the technique provides direct information about the number of identical I spins chemically bonded to the observed S nucleus. A reference spectrum, recorded without irradiating the I spins, accounts for transverse relaxation, pulse imperfections and dephasing due to homonuclear J couplings between S nuclei, which can be simultaneously measured with this method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Sciences is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
N1  - Accession Number: 19291115; Trébosc, J. 1 Amoureux, J.P. 1; Email Address: jean-paul.amoureux@univ-lille1.fr Delevoye, L. 1 Wiench, J.W. 2 Pruski, M. 2; Affiliation:  1: LCPS, universite de Lille-1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59652, France  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 6 Issue 10, p1089; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2004.04.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hasanuzzaman, Md
AU  - Islam, Syed K.
AU  - Tolbert, Leon M.
AU  - Alam, Mohammad T.
T1  - Temperature dependency of MOSFET device characteristics in 4H- and 6H-silicon carbide (SiC)
JO  - Solid-State Electronics
JF  - Solid-State Electronics
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 48
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1877
EP  - 1881
SN  - 00381101
AB  - The advantages of silicon carbide (SiC) over silicon are significant for high power and high temperature device applications. An analytical model for a lateral MOSFET that includes the effects of temperature variation in 6H-SiC poly-type has been developed. The model has also been used to study the device behavior in 4H-SiC at high ambient temperature. The model includes the effects of temperature on the threshold voltage, the carrier mobility, the body leakage current, and the drain and source contact region resistances. The MOSFET output characteristics and parameter values have been compared with previously measured experimental data. A good agreement between the analytical model and the experimental data has been observed. 6H-SiC material system provides enhanced device performance compared to 4H-SiC counterpart for lateral MOSFET. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid-State Electronics is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductivity
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - High temperature MOSFET
KW  - Silicon carbide
KW  - Temperature variation effect
N1  - Accession Number: 13855097; Hasanuzzaman, Md 1; Email Address: mhasanuz@utk.edu Islam, Syed K. 1,2 Tolbert, Leon M. 1,2 Alam, Mohammad T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2100, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6472, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 48 Issue 10/11, p1877; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductivity; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: High temperature MOSFET; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature variation effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sse.2004.05.029
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13855097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janda, Izabela
AU  - Devedjiev, Yancho
AU  - Derewenda, Urszula
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
AU  - Bielnicki, Jakub
AU  - Cooper, David R.
AU  - Graf, Paul C.F.
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Jakob, Ursula
AU  - Derewenda, Zygmunt S.
T1  - The Crystal Structure of the Reduced, Zn2+-Bound Form of the B. subtilis Hsp33 Chaperone and Its Implications for the Activation Mechanism
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 12
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1901
EP  - 1907
SN  - 09692126
AB  - The bacterial heat shock protein Hsp33 is a redox-regulated chaperone activated by oxidative stress. In response to oxidation, four cysteines within a Zn2+ binding C-terminal domain form two disulfide bonds with concomitant release of the metal. This leads to the formation of the biologically active Hsp33 dimer. The crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of the E. coli protein has been reported, but neither the structure of the Zn2+ binding motif nor the nature of its regulatory interaction with the rest of the protein are known. Here we report the crystal structure of the full-length B. subtilis Hsp33 in the reduced form. The structure of the N-terminal, dimerization domain is similar to that of the E. coli protein, although there is no domain swapping. The Zn2+ binding domain is clearly resolved showing the details of the tetrahedral coordination of Zn2+ by four thiolates. We propose a structure-based activation pathway for Hsp33. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - ESCHERICHIA
N1  - Accession Number: 14582512; Janda, Izabela 1 Devedjiev, Yancho 1 Derewenda, Urszula 1 Dauter, Zbigniew 2 Bielnicki, Jakub 1 Cooper, David R. 1 Graf, Paul C.F. 3 Joachimiak, Andrzej 4 Jakob, Ursula 3 Derewenda, Zygmunt S. 1; Email Address: zsd4n@virginia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA  2: Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, NCI, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  3: Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA  4: Biosciences Division and Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 202, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 12 Issue 10, p1901; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.08.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14582512&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Townsend, Ted
AU  - Larson, Allan
AU  - Louis, Edward
AU  - Macey, J.
T1  - Molecular Phylogenetics of Squamata: The Position of Snakes, Amphisbaenians, and Dibamids, and the Root of the Squamate Tree.
JO  - Systematic Biology
JF  - Systematic Biology
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 53
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 735
EP  - 757
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10635157
AB  - Squamate reptiles (snakes, lizards, and amphisbaenians) serve as model systems for evolutionary studies of a variety of morphological and behavioral traits, and phylogeny is crucial to many generalizations derived from such studies. Specifically, the traditional dichotomy between Iguania (anoles, iguanas, chameleons, etc.) and Scleroglossa (skinks, geckos, snakes, etc.) has been correlated with major evolutionary shifts within Squamata. We present a molecular phylogenetic study of 69 squamate species using approximately 4600 (2876 parsimony-informative) base pairs (bp) of DNA sequence data from the nuclear genesRAG-1(&nvsim;2750 bp) andc-mos(&nvsim;360 bp) and the mitochondrialND2region (&nvsim;1500 bp), sampling all major clades and most major subclades. Under our hypothesis, species previously placed in Iguania, Anguimorpha, and almost all recognized squamate families form strongly supported monophyletic groups. However, species previously placed in Scleroglossa, Varanoidea, and several other higher taxa do not form monophyletic groups. Iguania, the traditional sister group of Scleroglossa, is actually highly nested within Scleroglossa. This unconventional rooting does not seem to be due to long-branch attraction, base composition biases among taxa, or convergence caused by similar selective forces acting on nonsister taxa. Studies of functional tongue morphology and feeding mode have contrasted the similar states found inSphenodon(the nearest outgroup to squamates) and Iguania with those of Scleroglossa, but our findings suggest that similar states inSphenodonand Iguania result from homoplasy. Snakes, amphisbaenians, and dibamid lizards, limbless forms whose phylogenetic positions historically have been impossible to place with confidence, are not grouped together and appear to have evolved this condition independently. Amphisbaenians are the sister group of lacertids, and dibamid lizards diverged early in squamate evolutionary history. Snakes are grouped with iguanians, lacertiforms, and anguimorphs, but are not nested within anguimorphs. [Amphisbaenia; Dibamidae; DNA; Iguania; lizards; long-branch attraction; mitochondrial; nuclear; phylogeny; Scleroglossa; Serpentes, Squamata.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Systematic Biology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYLOGENY
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
KW  - SQUAMATA
KW  - REPTILES
KW  - LIZARDS
KW  - SNAKES
KW  - DIBAMIDAE
N1  - Accession Number: 15314086; Townsend, Ted 1; Email Address: townsend@mail.utexas.edu Larson, Allan 2; Email Address: larsontl@biology.wustl.edu Louis, Edward 3; Email Address: edlo@omahazoo.com Macey, J. 4; Email Address: JR@Macey@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Integrative Biology C0930, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.  2: Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA  3: Center for Conservation and Research, Henry Doorly Zoo, Omaha, Nebraska, USA  4: Department of Evolutionary Genomics, Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Walnut Creek, California, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 53 Issue 5, p735; Subject Term: PHYLOGENY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; Subject Term: SQUAMATA; Subject Term: REPTILES; Subject Term: LIZARDS; Subject Term: SNAKES; Subject Term: DIBAMIDAE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411110 Live animal merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10635150490522340
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15314086&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cruzan, George
AU  - Corley, Richard A.
AU  - Hard, Gordon C.
AU  - Mertens, Jos J. W. M.
AU  - McMartin, Kenneth E.
AU  - Snellings, William M.
AU  - Gingell, Ralph
AU  - Deyo, James A.
T1  - Subchronic Toxicity of Ethylene Glycol in Wistar and F-344 Rats Related to Metabolism and Clearance of Metabolites.
JO  - Toxicological Sciences
JF  - Toxicological Sciences
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 81
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 502
EP  - 511
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 10966080
AB  - Ethylene glycol (CAS RN 107–21–1) can cause kidney toxicity via the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in a variety of species, including humans. Numerous repeated dose studies conducted in rats have indicated that male rats are more susceptible than female rats. Furthermore, subchronic and chronic studies using different dietary exposure regimens have indicated that male Wistar rats may be more sensitive to renal toxicity than male Fischer-344 (F-344) rats. This study was conducted to compare the toxicity of ethylene glycol in the two strains of rats under identical exposure conditions and to evaluate the potential contribution of toxicokinetic differences to strain sensitivity. Ethylene glycol was mixed in the diet at concentrations to deliver constant target dosage levels of 0, 50, 150, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day for 16 weeks to groups of 10 male Wistar and 10 male F-344 rats based on weekly group mean body weights and feed consumption. Kidneys were examined histologically for calcium oxalate crystals and pathology. Samples of blood, urine, and kidneys from satellite animals exposed to 0, 150, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day for 1 or 16 weeks were analyzed for ethylene glycol, glycolic acid, and oxalic acid. Treatment of Wistar rats at 1000 mg/kg/day resulted in the death of two rats; in addition, at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, group mean body weights were decreased compared to control throughout the 16 weeks. In F-344 rats exposed at 1000 mg/kg/day and in Wistar rats receiving 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, there were lower urine specific gravities, higher urine volumes, and increased absolute and relative kidney weights. In both strains of rats treated at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, some or all treated animals had increased calcium oxalate crystals in the kidney tubules and crystal nephropathy. The effect was more severe in Wistar rats than in F-344 rats. Accumulation of oxalic acid in the kidneys of both strains of rats was consistent with the dose-dependent and strain-dependent toxicity. As the nephrotoxicity progressed over the 16 weeks, the clearance of ethylene glycol and its metabolites decreased, exacerbating the toxicity. Benchmark dose analysis indicated a BMDL05 for kidney toxicity in Wistar rats of 71.5 mg/kg/day; nearly fourfold lower than in F-344 rats (285 mg/kg/day). This study confirms that the Wistar rat is more sensitive to ethylene glycol–induced renal toxicity than the F-344 rat and indicates that metabolism or clearance plays a role in the strain differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Toxicological Sciences is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ethylene glycol
KW  - Toxicological chemistry
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Animal experimentation
KW  - Calcium oxalate
KW  - Rats
KW  - ethylene glycol
KW  - metabolism
KW  - nephropathy
KW  - oxalate
N1  - Accession Number: 20605658; Cruzan, George 1; Email Address: toxworks@aol.com; Corley, Richard A. 2; Hard, Gordon C. 3; Mertens, Jos J. W. M. 4; McMartin, Kenneth E. 5; Snellings, William M. 6; Gingell, Ralph 6; Deyo, James A. 6; Affiliations: 1: ToxWorks, Bridgeton, New Jersey; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; 3: Tairua, 2853, New Zealand; 4: WIL Research Laboratories, Inc., Ashland, Ohio; 5: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana; 6: American Chemistry Council, Ethylene Oxide/Ethylene Glycol CHEMSTAR Panel, Arlington, Virginia; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 81 Issue 2, p502; Thesaurus Term: Ethylene glycol; Thesaurus Term: Toxicological chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Metabolites; Thesaurus Term: Animal experimentation; Subject Term: Calcium oxalate; Subject Term: Rats; Author-Supplied Keyword: ethylene glycol; Author-Supplied Keyword: metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: nephropathy; Author-Supplied Keyword: oxalate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1093/toxsci/kfh206
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whitehead, Jonathan P.
AU  - Simpson, Fiona
AU  - Hill, Michelle M.
AU  - Thomas, Elaine C.
AU  - Connolly, Lisa M.
AU  - Collart, Frank
AU  - Simpson, Richard J.
AU  - James, David E.
T1  - Insulin and Oleate Promote Translocation of Inosine-5′ Monophosphate Dehydrogenase to Lipid Bodies.
JO  - Traffic
JF  - Traffic
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 5
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 739
EP  - 749
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 13989219
AB  - In the present study we identify inosine-5′ monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a key enzyme inde novoguanine nucleotide biosynthesis, as a novel lipid body-associated protein. To identify new targets of insulin we performed a comprehensive 2-DE analysis of32P-labelled proteins isolated from 3T3-L1 adipocytes (Hill et al. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 24313–24320). IMPDH was identified by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry as a protein which was phosphorylated in a phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase-dependent manner upon insulin treatment. Although insulin had no significant effect on IMPDH activity, we observed translocation of IMPDH to lipid bodies following insulin treatment. Induction of lipid body formation with oleic acid promoted dramatic redistribution of IMPDH to lipid bodies, which appeared to be in contact with the endoplasmic reticulum, the site of lipid body synthesis and recycling. Inhibition of PI 3-kinase blocked insulin- and oleate-induced translocation of IMPDH and reduced oleate-induced lipid accumulation. However, we found no evidence of oleate-induced IMPDH phosphorylation, suggesting phosphorylation and translocation may not be coupled events. These data support a role for IMPDH in the dynamic regulation of lipid bodies and fatty acid metabolism and regulation of its activity by subcellular redistribution in response to extracellular factors that modify lipid metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Traffic is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - UNSATURATED fatty acids
KW  - ENDOPLASMIC reticulum
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - OLEIC acid
KW  - HYPOGLYCEMIC agents
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
KW  - IMPDH
KW  - insulin
KW  - lipid bodies
KW  - oleate
KW  - PI 3-kinase
KW  - protein translocation
N1  - Accession Number: 14359213; Whitehead, Jonathan P. 1,2; Email Address: jwhitehead@cder.soms.uq.edu.au Simpson, Fiona 3 Hill, Michelle M. 3 Thomas, Elaine C. 2 Connolly, Lisa M. 4 Collart, Frank 5 Simpson, Richard J. 4 James, David E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Diabetes & Obesity, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia  2: Centre for Diabetes & Endocrine Research, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia  3: Institute of Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia  4: Joint Proteomics Laboratory, Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research and the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia  5: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4833, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 5 Issue 10, p739; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: UNSATURATED fatty acids; Subject Term: ENDOPLASMIC reticulum; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Subject Term: OLEIC acid; Subject Term: HYPOGLYCEMIC agents; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: IMPDH; Author-Supplied Keyword: insulin; Author-Supplied Keyword: lipid bodies; Author-Supplied Keyword: oleate; Author-Supplied Keyword: PI 3-kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein translocation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2004.00217.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14359213&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasco, D. W.
T1  - Estimation of flow properties using surface deformation and head data: A trajectory-based approach.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/10//
VL  - 40
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - A trajectory-based algorithm provides an efficient and robust means to infer flow properties from surface deformation and head data. The algorithm is based upon the concept of an 'arrival time' of a drawdown front, which is defined as the time corresponding to the maximum slope of the drawdown curve. The technique involves three steps: the inference of head changes as a function of position and time, the use of the estimated head changes to define arrival times, and the inversion of the arrival times for flow properties. Trajectories, computed from the output of a numerical simulator, are used to relate the drawdown arrival times to flow properties. The inversion algorithm is iterative, requiring one reservoir simulation for each iteration. The method is applied to data from a set of 14 tiltmeters, located at the Raymond Quarry field site in California. Using the technique, I am able to image a high-conductivity channel which extends to the south of the pumping well. The presence of this permeable pathway is supported by an analysis of earlier cross-well transient pressure test data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - characterization
KW  - deformation
KW  - head data
KW  - inversion
KW  - tilt data
N1  - Accession Number: 87144558; Vasco, D. W. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 10, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: head data; Author-Supplied Keyword: inversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: tilt data; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2004WR003272
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yuille, Martin
AU  - Korn, Bernhard
AU  - Moore, Troy
AU  - Farmer, Andrew A.
AU  - Carrino, John
AU  - Prange, Christa
AU  - Hayashizaki, Yoshihide
T1  - The Responsibility to Share: Sharing the Responsibility.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/10/02/
VL  - 14
IS  - 10b
M3  - Article
SP  - 2015
EP  - 2019
SN  - 10889051
AB  - Explores how the distribution infrastructure may respond to the breed of clones in the policy framework in the United States. Beneficial consequences of the Uniform Principle for Sharing Integral Data and Materials Expeditiously; National Research Council Committee on Responsibilities of Authorship in the biological sciences; Growth of bioinformatics and robotics to facilitate production of large-scale clone.
KW  - CLONING
KW  - LIFE sciences
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - ROBOTICS
KW  - AUTHORSHIP
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14880376; Yuille, Martin 1; Email Address: myuille@geneservice.mrc.ac.uk Korn, Bernhard 2 Moore, Troy 3 Farmer, Andrew A. 4 Carrino, John 5 Prange, Christa 6 Hayashizaki, Yoshihide 7; Affiliation:  1: Medical Research Council geneservice, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CBJ10 1SB United Kingdom  2: Deutsches Ressourcenzentrum fuer Genomforschung, Im Neuenheimer Feld 506, Heidelberg D-69 120 Germany  3: Open Biosystems Inc., Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA  4: BD Biosciences Clontech, Palo Alto, California 94303, USA  5: Invitrogen Corporation, Carlsbad, California 92008, USA  6: The I.M.A.G.E. Consortium, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA  7: RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 14 Issue 10b, p2015; Subject Term: CLONING; Subject Term: LIFE sciences; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: ROBOTICS; Subject Term: AUTHORSHIP; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watson, David S.
AU  - Piette, Mary Ann
AU  - Sezgen, Osman
AU  - Motegi, Naoya
T1  - Automated Demand Response.
JO  - Heating/Piping/Air Conditioning Engineering
JF  - Heating/Piping/Air Conditioning Engineering
Y1  - 2004/10/02/Oct2004 Supplement
VL  - 76
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 28
PB  - Penton Publishing
SN  - 15274055
AB  - Discusses the technologies used at several commercial buildings in California during a test aimed at initiating a fully automated demand-response event over the Internet using fictitious electricity price.  Overview of the automated demand-response-system used; Reason behind the low cost of state-of-the-art automated-demand-response systems; Description of the network architecture of automated-demand-response systems.  INSET: The State of the Art.
KW  - COMMERCIAL buildings
KW  - AUTOMATION
KW  - COMPUTER networks
KW  - INFORMATION networks
KW  - INTERNET
N1  - Accession Number: 14833179; Watson, David S. 1 Piette, Mary Ann 1 Sezgen, Osman 1 Motegi, Naoya 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif.; Source Info: Oct2004 Supplement, Vol. 76, p20; Subject Term: COMMERCIAL buildings; Subject Term: AUTOMATION; Subject Term: COMPUTER networks; Subject Term: INFORMATION networks; Subject Term: INTERNET; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541310 Architectural Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moses, W. W.
AU  - Choong, W.-S.
AU  - Derenzo, S. E.
AU  - Bross, A. D.
AU  - Dysert, R.
AU  - Rykalin, V. V.
AU  - Shah, K. S.
AU  - Klugerman, M.
T1  - Observation of Fast Scintillation of Cryogenic PbI2 With VLPCs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10/02/Oct2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2533
EP  - 2536
SN  - 00189499
AB  - At cryogenic temperatures (∼ 10 K), undoped lead iodide (PbI2) has material and scintillation properties that are very attractive for positron emission tomorgraphy (PET). However, the PbI2 emissions are quenched at temperatures >40 K, so close optical coupling between the scintillator and photodetector requires a photodetector that also operates at cryogenic temperatures. This suggests the visible light photon counter (VLPC), which operates at similar temperatures and combines high gain and high quantum efficiency. We proximity couple (0.001 in air gap) PbI2 crystals with 1.0-2.5 mm dimensions to a 1 mm diameter VLPC and cool the system to 8.5 K. Signals with short (<10 ns) duration are observed. When excited with 511 keV photons, a coincidence timing resolution of 1.3 ns full-width at half-maximum is measured. While a clear photopeak is observed for 122 keV excitation, no clear photopeak is seen under 511 keV excitation (possibly due to the poor optical quality of the PbI2 crystals). While the present configuration must be scaled-up considerably, a cryogenic PbI2/VLPC combination may eventually become the basis for a practical time-of-flight PET camera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Low temperature engineering
KW  - Tomography
KW  - Photons
KW  - Crystals
KW  - Scintillators
KW  - Light sources
N1  - Accession Number: 16249991; Moses, W. W. 1; Email Address: wwmoses@lbl.gov; Choong, W.-S. 1; Derenzo, S. E. 1; Bross, A. D. 2; Dysert, R. 2; Rykalin, V. V. 3; Shah, K. S. 4; Klugerman, M. 4; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; 2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA USA.; 3: Northern illinois Center for Accelerator and Detector Development, National illinois, DeKalb, University, IL 60115 USA.; 4: RMD, Inc., Watertown, MA 02472 USA.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2533; Subject Term: Low temperature engineering; Subject Term: Tomography; Subject Term: Photons; Subject Term: Crystals; Subject Term: Scintillators; Subject Term: Light sources; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835772
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaska, P.
AU  - Woody, C. L.
AU  - Schlyer, D. J.
AU  - Shokouhi, S.
AU  - Stoll, S. P.
AU  - Pratte, J.-F.
AU  - O'Connor, P.
AU  - Junnarkar, S. S.
AU  - Rescia, S.
AU  - Yu, B.
AU  - Purschke, M.
AU  - Kandasamy, A.
AU  - Villanueva, A.
AU  - Kriplani, A.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Volkow, N.
AU  - Lecomte, R.
AU  - Fontaine, R.
T1  - RatCAP: Miniaturized Head-Mounted PET for Conscious Rodent Brain Imaging.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10/02/Oct2004 Part 2 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2718
EP  - 2718
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Anesthesia is currently required for positron emission tomography (PET) studies of the animal brain in order to eliminate motion artifacts. However, anesthesia profoundly affects the neurological state of the animal, complicating the interpretation of PET data. Furthermore, it precludes the use of PET to study the brain during normal behavior. The rat conscious animal PET tomograph (RatCAP) is designed to eliminate the need for anesthesia in rat brain studies. It is a miniaturized full-ring PET scanner that is attached directly to the head, imaging nearly the entire brain. RatCAP utilizes arrays of 2 mm × 2 mm LSO crystals coupled to matching avalanche photodiode arrays, which are in turn read out by full custom integrated circuits. Principal challenges have been addressed considering the physical constraints on size, weight, and heat generation in addition to the usual requirements of small-animal PET, such as high spatial resolution in the presence of parallax error. A partial prototype has been constructed and preliminary measurements and optimization completed. Realistic Monte Carlo simulations have also been carried out to optimize system performance, which is predicted to be competitive with existing microPET systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emission tomography
KW  - Imaging systems in medicine
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Brain -- Radiography
KW  - Avalanche diodes
KW  - Resolution (Optics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16250017; Vaska, P. 1; Email Address: vaska@bnl.gov; Woody, C. L. 1; Schlyer, D. J. 1; Shokouhi, S. 1; Stoll, S. P. 1; Pratte, J.-F. 1; O'Connor, P. 1; Junnarkar, S. S. 1; Rescia, S. 1; Yu, B. 1; Purschke, M. 1; Kandasamy, A. 1; Villanueva, A. 1; Kriplani, A. 1; Radeka, V. 1; Volkow, N. 2; Lecomte, R. 3; Fontaine, R. 3; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; 2: National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD 20892-9561 USA.; 3: Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QCJ1K 2RI,Canada.; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 2 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2718; Subject Term: Emission tomography; Subject Term: Imaging systems in medicine; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Brain -- Radiography; Subject Term: Avalanche diodes; Subject Term: Resolution (Optics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835740
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shaneyfelt, Marty R.
AU  - Tangyunyong, Paiboon
AU  - Hill, Thomas A.
AU  - Soden, Jerry M.
AU  - Flores, Richard S.
AU  - Schwank, James R.
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
AU  - Hash, Gerald L.
T1  - Identification of Radiation-Induced Parasitic Leakage Paths Using Light Emission Microscopy.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10/03/Oct2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2782
EP  - 2786
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Eliminating radiation-induced parasitic leakage paths in integrated circuits (ICs) is key to improving their total dose hardness. Semiconductor manufacturers can use a combination of design and/or process techniques to eliminate known radiation-induced parasitic leakage paths. However, unknown or critical radiation-induced parasitic leakage may still exist on fully processed ICs and it is extremely difficult (if not impossible) to identify these leakage paths based on radiation induced parametric degradation. We show that light emission microscopy can be used to identify the location of radiation-induced parasitic leakage paths in ICs. This is illustrated by using light emission microscopy to find radiation-induced parasitic leakage paths in partially-depleted silicon on insulator static random-access memories (SRAMs). Once leakage paths were identified, modifications were made to the SRAM design to improve the total dose radiation hardness of the SRAMs. Light emission microscopy should prove to be an important tool for the development of future radiation hardened technologies and devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Electronic circuits
KW  - Microelectronics
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Random access memory
KW  - Computer storage devices
N1  - Accession Number: 16249900; Shaneyfelt, Marty R. 1; Tangyunyong, Paiboon 1; Hill, Thomas A. 1; Soden, Jerry M. 1; Flores, Richard S. 1; Schwank, James R. 1; Dodd, Paul E. 1; Hash, Gerald L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1083 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2782; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Electronic circuits; Subject Term: Microelectronics; Subject Term: Microscopy; Subject Term: Random access memory; Subject Term: Computer storage devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835074
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Castellani-Coulié, K.
AU  - Sagnes, B.
AU  - Saigné, F.
AU  - Palau, J.-M.
AU  - Calvet, M.-C.
AU  - Dodd, P. E.
AU  - Sexton, F. W.
T1  - Study of an SOI SRAM Sensitivity to SEU by 3-D Device Simulation.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/10/03/Oct2004 Part 3 of 4
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2799
EP  - 2804
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Silicon on insulator static random-access memory cell sensitivity to single event upset is studied. Currents and sensitive regions are then considered. Because of the buried oxide, the main part of these results appears to be different to that for bulk technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Technology
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Random access memory
KW  - Computer storage devices
KW  - Electric insulators & insulation
KW  - Electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 16249903; Castellani-Coulié, K. 1; Email Address: karine.castellani@up.univ-mrs.fr; Sagnes, B. 2; Email Address: sagnes@cem2.univ-montp2.fr; Saigné, F. 2; Email Address: saigne@cem2.univ-montp2.fr; Palau, J.-M. 2; Email Address: palau@cem2.univ-montp2.fr; Calvet, M.-C. 3; Email Address: marie-catherine.calvet@launchers.eads.net; Dodd, P. E. 4; Email Address: pedodd@sandia.gov; Sexton, F. W. 4; Email Address: sextonfw@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Université Aix-Marseille, 13384 Marseille Cedex 13, France; 2: Centre d'Electronique et de Micro-Optoélectronique de Montpellier (CEM2), Equipe Electronique et Rayonnements, Université Montpellier II, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France; 3: EADS-ST, Les Mureaux Cedex 78133, France; 4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Issue Info: Oct2004 Part 3 of 4, Vol. 51 Issue 5, p2799; Thesaurus Term: Technology; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Random access memory; Subject Term: Computer storage devices; Subject Term: Electric insulators & insulation; Subject Term: Electronics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.835076
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Y. M.
AU  - Ma, E.
T1  - On the origin of ultrahigh cryogenic strength of nanocrystalline metals.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 85
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2750
EP  - 2752
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - At liquid nitrogen temperature, the yield strength of nanocrystalline Ni and Co increases by as much as 50%–80% over the already-impressive (∼1 GPa) room-temperature values. This unusual strength ratio as well as the remarkable magnitude of flow stress reached (as high as 2.5 GPa) are unexpected for conventional close-packed pure metals. The strong temperature dependence is attributed to the unusually small activation volume measured in strain rate change tests. Grain boundary dislocation nucleation is proposed as the thermally activated deformation mechanism in nanocrystalline grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - LIQUID nitrogen
KW  - DEFORMATION potential
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - LIQUEFIED gases
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - MATERIALS science
N1  - Accession Number: 14713398; Wang, Y. M. 1; Email Address: ymwang@llnl.gov Ma, E. 2; Email Address: ema@jhu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Livermore, California 94550  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 14, p2750; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: LIQUID nitrogen; Subject Term: DEFORMATION potential; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: LIQUEFIED gases; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799238
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14713398&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lund, M. S.
AU  - Fitzsimmons, M. R.
AU  - Park, S.
AU  - Leighton, C.
T1  - Temperature-dependent magnetic interface location in interdiffused exchange biased bilayers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 85
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2845
EP  - 2847
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Antiferromagnetic (AF) binary alloys are attractive choices for exchange pinning of ferromagnets (F) in applications. Unfortunately, inducing AF ordering in these alloys often requires annealing which leads to interdiffusion at the AF/F interface and a subsequent, and poorly understood, reduction in exchange bias. We report a study of the effects of interdiffusion in epitaxial NiMn/Ni bilayers. Using polarized neutron reflectometry, we deduce that the competition between AF and F interactions in the interdiffused region leads to a temperature-dependent magnetic interface location, “glassy” behavior, memory effects, and low-temperature training. The results have important implications for the understanding of the temperature dependence of the exchange bias in these materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - BINARY metallic systems
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - MAGNETIC recorders & recording
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
N1  - Accession Number: 14713365; Lund, M. S. 1 Fitzsimmons, M. R. 2 Park, S. 2 Leighton, C. 1; Email Address: leighton@umn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455  2: Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 14, p2845; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: BINARY metallic systems; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: MAGNETIC recorders & recording; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799250
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14713365&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahadevan, Priya
AU  - Zunger, Alex
T1  - Trends in ferromagnetism, hole localization, and acceptor level depth for Mn substitution in GaN, GaP, GaAs, and GaSb.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 85
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2860
EP  - 2862
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We examine the intrinsic mechanism of ferromagnetism in dilute magnetic semiconductors by analyzing the trends in the electronic structure as the host is changed from GaN to GaSb, keeping the transition metal impurity fixed. In contrast with earlier interpretations which depended on the host semiconductor, it is found that a single mechanism is sufficient to explain the ferromagnetic stabilization energy for the entire series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC semiconductors
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14713360; Mahadevan, Priya 1 Zunger, Alex 1; Email Address: alex_zunger@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 14, p2860; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC semiconductors; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799245
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14713360&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aytug, T.
AU  - Paranthaman, M.
AU  - Zhai, H. Y.
AU  - Gapud, A. A.
AU  - Leonard, K. J.
AU  - Martin, P. M.
AU  - Goyal, A.
AU  - Thompson, J. R.
AU  - Christen, D. K.
T1  - An approach for electrical self-stabilization of high-temperature superconducting wires for power applications.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 85
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2887
EP  - 2889
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Electrical and thermal stability of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wires/tapes are essential in applications involving efficient production, distribution, and storage of electrical energy. We have developed a conductive buffer layer structure composed of bilayer La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/Ir on a textured Ni–W alloy metal tape to functionally shunt the HTS layer to the underlying substrate. The key feature is the Ir layer, which serves as a barrier to both inward diffusion of oxygen and outward diffusion of metal substrate cations during fabrication. Electrical and microstructural property characterizations of YBa2Cu3O7-δ films on short prototype conductors demonstrate self-field critical current density values, Jc, exceeding 2×106 A/cm2 at 77 K and excellent electrical coupling to the underlying metal substrate, with no unwanted insulating oxide interfaces. Implementing this approach in power technologies would significantly increase the engineering current density of the conductor and reduce overall process costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - WIRE
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
N1  - Accession Number: 14713351; Aytug, T. 1,2; Email Address: aytugt@ornl.gov Paranthaman, M. 1 Zhai, H. Y. 1 Gapud, A. A. 1 Leonard, K. J. 1 Martin, P. M. 1 Goyal, A. 1 Thompson, J. R. 1,2 Christen, D. K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 14, p2887; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1794848
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williamson, A. J.
AU  - Reboredo, F. A.
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - Chemisorption on semiconductor nanocomposites: A mechanism for hydrogen storage.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 85
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2917
EP  - 2919
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We present first-principles, computational predictions of a porous, nanostructured semiconductor material that will reversibly store hydrogen for fuel cell applications. The material is competitive with current metal hydride storage materials, but contains only carbon and silicon, reducing both its cost and environmental impact. Additionally, unlike metal hydrides, the core skeleton structure of this material is unaltered when cycling from full hydrogen storage to full hydrogen depletion, removing engineering complications associated with expansion/contraction of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - HYDRIDES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 14713341; Williamson, A. J. 1; Email Address: williamson10@llnl.gov Reboredo, F. A. 1 Galli, Giulia 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 14, p2917; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: HYDRIDES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1800274
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Jingbo
AU  - Wang, Lin-Wang
T1  - Deformation potentials of CdSe quantum dots.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 85
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2929
EP  - 2931
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The size-dependent deformation potentials of CdSe quantum dots are studied by first-principle and semiempirical pseudopotential calculations. We find that the amplitude of the quantum dot deformation potential is only slightly larger than the bulk value, and this increase is mostly caused by the off-Γ point deformation potentials in the bulk, which are larger in amplitude than the Γ point deformation potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATION potential
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - QUANTUM electronics
KW  - POTENTIAL barrier
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14713337; Li, Jingbo 1 Wang, Lin-Wang 1; Email Address: lwwang@1bl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 14, p2929; Subject Term: DEFORMATION potential; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: QUANTUM electronics; Subject Term: POTENTIAL barrier; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1800288
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chung, S. H.
AU  - Hoffmann, A.
AU  - Bader, S. D.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Kay, B.
AU  - Makowski, L.
AU  - Chen, L.
T1  - Biological sensors based on Brownian relaxation of magnetic nanoparticles.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 85
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 2971
EP  - 2973
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We experimentally demonstrate a biomagnetic sensor scheme based on Brownian relaxation of magnetic nanoparticles suspended in liquids. The characteristic time scale of the Brownian relaxation can be determined directly by ac susceptibility measurements as a function of frequency. The peak in the imaginary part of the ac susceptibility shifts to lower frequencies upon binding the target molecules to the magnetic nanoparticles. The frequency shift is consistent with an increase of the hydrodynamic radius corresponding to the size of the target molecule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - BROWNIAN motion
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - RELAXATION phenomena
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14713323; Chung, S. H. 1; Email Address: chungsh@anl.gov Hoffmann, A. 1 Bader, S. D. 1 Liu, C. 2 Kay, B. 2 Makowski, L. 2 Chen, L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Bioscience Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 14, p2971; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: BROWNIAN motion; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: RELAXATION phenomena; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1801687
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bean, Amanda C.
AU  - Garcia, Eduardo
AU  - Scott, Brian L.
AU  - Runde, Wolfgang
T1  - Structural Variability in Neptunium(V) Oxalate Compounds: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Na2NpO2(C2O4)OH∣H2O.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 43
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6145
EP  - 6147
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Reaction of a 237Np(V) stock solution in the presence of oxalic acid, calcium chloride, and sodium hydroxide under hydrothermal conditions produces single crystals of a neptunium(V) oxalate, Na2NpO2(C2O4)OH·H2O. The structure consists of one-dimensional chains running down the a axis and is the first example of a neptunium(V) oxalate compound containing hydroxide anions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEPTUNIUM
KW  - OXALATES
KW  - OXALIC acid
KW  - CALCIUM chloride
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 14746113; Bean, Amanda C. 1; Email Address: bean@lanl.gov Garcia, Eduardo 1 Scott, Brian L. 1 Runde, Wolfgang 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Materials and Chemistry Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 20, p6145; Subject Term: NEPTUNIUM; Subject Term: OXALATES; Subject Term: OXALIC acid; Subject Term: CALCIUM chloride; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic0492082
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lemma, Kelemu
AU  - Bakac, Andreja
T1  - Kinetics of Acid-Catalyzed O-Atom Transfer from a Hydroperoxorhodium Complex to Organic and Inorganic Substrates.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 43
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6224
EP  - 6227
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Oxygen atom transfer from (NH3)4(H2O)RhOOH2+ to organic and inorganic nucleophiles takes place according to the rate law -d[(NH3)4(H2O)RhOOH2+]/dt = k[H+] [(NH3)4(H2O)RhOOH2+][nucleophile] for all the cases examined. The third-order rate constants were determined in aqueous solutions at 25 °C for (CH2)5S (k = 430 M-2 s-1, μ = 0.10 M), (CH2)4S2 (182, μ = 0.10 M), CH3CH2SH (8.0, μ = 0.20 M), (en)2Co(SCH2CH2NH2)2+ (711, μ = 0.20 M), and, in acetonitrile-water, CH3SPh (130, 10% AN, μ = 0.20 M), PPh3 (3.74 × 103, 50% AN), and (2-C3H7)2S (45, 50% AN, μ = 0.20 M). Oxidation of PPh3 by (NH3)4(H2O)Rh18O18OH2+ produced 18OPPh3. The reaction with a series of p-substituted triphenylphosphines yielded a linear Hammett relationship with p = -0.53. Nitrous acid (k = 891 M-2 s-1) is less reactive than the more nucleophilic nitrite ion (k = 1.54 × 104 M-2 s-1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - HAMMETT equation
KW  - LINEAR free energy relationship
KW  - CONDITIONS & laws of chemical reaction
KW  - NUCLEOPHILIC reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14746123; Lemma, Kelemu 1 Bakac, Andreja 1; Email Address: bakac@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 20, p6224; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: HAMMETT equation; Subject Term: LINEAR free energy relationship; Subject Term: CONDITIONS & laws of chemical reaction; Subject Term: NUCLEOPHILIC reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic049421y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gramer, Christine J.
AU  - Raymond, Kenneth N.
T1  - Characterization of 2,3-Dihydroxyterephthalamides as M(IV) Chelators¹.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 43
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6397
EP  - 6402
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The ligand N,N′-diethyl-2,3-dihydroxyterephthalamide (ETAM) has been characterized as a chelator for Zr(IV), Ce(IV), and Th(IV). The K+ salts of the complexes [Zr(ETAM)4]4-, [Ce(ETAM)4]4-, and [Th(ETAM)4]4- were prepared in a MeOH solution containing H2ETAM, the corresponding M(acac)4, and 4 equiv of KOH. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses are reported for K4[Zr(ETAM)4] (C2/c, Z = 8, a = 27.576(3) Å, b = 29.345(3) Å, c = 15.266(2) Å, α = 90°, β = 118.688(4)°, γ = 90°), [Me3BnN]4[Th(ETAM)4] (P&1macr;, Z = 2, a = 13.7570(3) Å, b = 13.9293(3) Å, c = 26.9124(6) Å, α = 99.941(1)°, β = 94.972(1)°, γ = 103.160(1)°), and the dimeric (NMe4)4[Th(ETAM)3MeOH]2 (P21c, Z = 4, a = 18.2603(9) Å, b = 18.5002(9) Å, c = 19.675(1) Å, β = 117.298(1)°). Solution thermodynamic studies were used to determine formation constants (log Kf and esd) for Th(IV)-ETAM log K110 =17.47(1), log K120 = 13.23(1), log K130 = 8.28(3), log K140 = 6.57(6), and log , β140 = 45.54(5). These results support the hypothesis that the terephthalamides are high-affinity chelators for the actinide(IV) ions and thus promising ligands for use in nuclear waste remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEXOMETRIC titration
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - IONS
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
N1  - Accession Number: 14746145; Gramer, Christine J. 1 Raymond, Kenneth N. 1; Email Address: raymond@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Source Info: 10/4/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 20, p6397; Subject Term: COMPLEXOMETRIC titration; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic0496267
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wöhr, A.
AU  - Aprahamian, A.
AU  - Boutachkov, P.
AU  - Galache, J.L.
AU  - Görres, J.
AU  - Shawcross, M.
AU  - Teymurazyan, A.
AU  - Wiescher, M.C.
AU  - Brenner, D.S.
AU  - Davids, C.N.
AU  - Fischer, S.M.
AU  - Heinz, A.M.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
T1  - The  rp-process waiting-point nucleus 68Se and its astrophysical implications
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 742
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 362
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Precise mass measurements of nuclei along the  line are important input parameters for simulations of the rp-process. Of particular interest is the mass of the 6834Se34 rp-process waiting point nucleus for determining the possibility of a two-proton capture branch bypassing its slow β-decay. The mass of 68Se was measured via the β-decay endpoint. 68Se was produced by the 12C(58Ni, 2n)68Se reaction and subsequently implanted onto a moving tape system using the fragment mass analyzer at the ATLAS facility of Argonne National Laboratory. A mass excess value of  was determined from the β-endpoint measurement of . Evaluations of proton separation energies based on the measured mass were used in a one zone type I X-ray burst model. It is concluded that the  isotope 68Se is a waiting point for the rp-process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON-nucleus scattering
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL spectropolarimetry
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PLASMA astrophysics
KW  - 26.30.+k
N1  - Accession Number: 14249550; Wöhr, A.; Email Address: awoehr@nd.edu Aprahamian, A. 1 Boutachkov, P. 1 Galache, J.L. 1 Görres, J. 1 Shawcross, M. 1 Teymurazyan, A. 1 Wiescher, M.C. 1 Brenner, D.S. 2 Davids, C.N. 3 Fischer, S.M. 4 Heinz, A.M. 3 Janssens, R.V.F. 3 Seweryniak, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  2: Chemistry Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA  3: Physics Department, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: De Paul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 742 Issue 3/4, p349; Subject Term: ELECTRON-nucleus scattering; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL spectropolarimetry; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PLASMA astrophysics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 26.30.+k; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.06.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhat, C.M.
T1  - Longitudinal momentum mining of beam particles in a storage ring
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/10/04/
VL  - 330
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 481
EP  - 486
SN  - 03759601
AB  - I describe a scheme for selectively isolating high density low longitudinal emittance beam particles in a storage ring from the rest of the beam without emittance dilution. I discuss the general principle of the method, called longitudinal momentum mining, beam dynamics simulations and results of beam experiments. Multi-particle beam dynamics simulations applied to the Fermilab 8 GeV Recycler (a storage ring) convincingly validate the concepts and feasibility of the method, which I have demonstrated with beam experiments in the Recycler. The method presented here is the first of its kind. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FEASIBILITY studies
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - LASER beams
N1  - Accession Number: 14428784; Bhat, C.M. 1; Email Address: cbhat@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 330 Issue 6, p481; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FEASIBILITY studies; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: LASER beams; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.08.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yajing Li
AU  - Lucas, Marie-Gabrielle
AU  - Konovalova, Tatyana
AU  - Abbott, Brian
AU  - MacMillan, Fraser
AU  - Petrenko, Alexander
AU  - Sivakumar, Velautham
AU  - Wang, Ruili
AU  - Hastings, Gary
AU  - Gu, Feifei
AU  - van Tol, Johan
AU  - Brunel, Louis-Claude
AU  - Timkovich, Russell
AU  - Rappaport, Fabrice
AU  - Redding, Kevin
T1  - Mutation of the Putative Hydrogen-Bond Donor to P700 of Photosystem I.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/05/
VL  - 43
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 12634
EP  - 12647
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The primary electron donor of photosystem I (PS1), called P700, is a heterodimer of chlorophyll (Chl) a and a'. The crystal structure of photosystem I reveals that the chlorophyll a' (PA) could be hydrogen-bonded to the protein via a threonine residue, while the chlorophyll a (PB) does not have such a hydrogen bond. To investigate the influence of this hydrogen bond on P700, PsaA-Thr739 was converted to alanine to remove the H-bond to the 13¹-keto group of the chlorophyll a' in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The PsaA-T739A mutant was capable of assembling active PS1. Furthermore the mutant PS1 contained approximately one chlorophyll a' molecule per reaction center, indicating that P700 was still a Chl a/a' heterodimer in the mutant. However, the mutation induced several band shifts in the visible P700+ - P700 absorbance difference spectrum. Redox titration of P700 revealed a 60 mV decrease in the P700/P700+ midpoint potential of the mutant, consistent with loss of a H-bond. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicates that the ground state of P700 is somewhat modified by mutation of ThrA739 to alanine. Comparison of FTIR difference band shifts upon P700+ formation in WT and mutant PS1 suggests that the mutation modifies the charge distribution over the pigments in the P700+ state, with ∼14-18% of the positive charge on PB in WT being relocated onto PA in the mutant. ¹H-electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) analysis of the P700+ cation radical was also consistent with a slight redistribution of spin from the PB chlorophyll to PA, as well as some redistribution of spin within the PB chlorophyll. High-field electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy at 330-GHz was used to resolve the g-tensor of P700+, but no significant differences from wild-type were observed, except for a slight decrease of anisotropy. The mutation did, however, provoke changes in the zero-field splitting parameters of the triplet state of P700 (³P700), as determined by EPR. Interestingly, the mutation-induced change in asymmetry of P700 did not cause an observable change in the directionality of electron transfer within PS1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii
KW  - ALANINE
KW  - VOLUMETRIC analysis
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14653352; Yajing Li 1 Lucas, Marie-Gabrielle 2 Konovalova, Tatyana 1 Abbott, Brian 1 MacMillan, Fraser 3 Petrenko, Alexander 1 Sivakumar, Velautham 4 Wang, Ruili 4 Hastings, Gary 4 Gu, Feifei 1 van Tol, Johan 5 Brunel, Louis-Claude 5 Timkovich, Russell 1 Rappaport, Fabrice 2 Redding, Kevin 1; Email Address: Kevin.Redding@ua.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336.  2: Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.  3: Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, J.W. Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main D-60439, Germany.  4: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303.  5: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310.; Source Info: 10/5/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 39, p12634; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii; Subject Term: ALANINE; Subject Term: VOLUMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guliaev, Anton B.
AU  - Singer, B.
AU  - Hang, Bo
T1  - Chloroethylnitrosourea-derived ethano cytosine and adenine adducts are substrates for Escherichia coli glycosylases excising analogous etheno adducts
JO  - DNA Repair
JF  - DNA Repair
Y1  - 2004/10/05/
VL  - 3
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1311
EP  - 1321
SN  - 15687864
AB  - Exocyclic ethano DNA adducts are saturated etheno ring derivatives formed mainly by therapeutic chloroethylnitrosoureas (CNUs), which are also mutagenic and carcinogenic. In this work, we report that two of the ethano adducts, 3,N4-ethanocytosine (EC) and 1,N6-ethanoadenine (EA), are novel substrates for the Escherichia coli mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase (Mug) and 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II (AlkA), respectively. It has been shown previously that Mug excises 3,N4-ethenocytosine (#x03B5;C) and AlkA releases 1,N6-ethenoadenine (#x03B5;A). Using synthetic oligonucleotides containing a single ethano or etheno adduct, we found that both glycosylases had a ∼20-fold lower excision activity toward EC or EA than that toward their structurally analogous #x03B5;C or #x03B5;A adduct. Both enzymes were capable of excising the ethano base paired with any of the four natural bases, but with varying efficiencies. The Mug activity toward EC could be stimulated by E. coli endonuclease IV and, more efficiently, by exonuclease III. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed similar structural features of the etheno and ethano derivatives when present in DNA duplexes. However, also as shown by MD, the stacking interaction between the EC base and Phe 30 in the Mug active site is reduced as compared to the #x03B5;C base, which could account for the lower EC activity observed in this study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of DNA Repair is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VINYL chloride
KW  - ADENINE
KW  - PURINES
KW  - ADENOSINE
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA
KW  - 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU)
KW  - 1,N6-ethanoadenine (EA)
KW  - 1,N6-ethenoadenine (#x03B5
KW  - 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU)
KW  - 3,N4-ethanocytosine (EC)
KW  - 3,N4-ethenocytosine (#x03B5
KW  - A)
KW  - alkylpurine-DNA-N-glycosylase (APNG)
KW  - apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP)
KW  - base excision repair (BER)
KW  - C)
KW  - chloroethylnitrosourea (CNU)
KW  - Chloroethylnitrosoureas
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - E. coli 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II (AlkA)
KW  - endonuclease IV (Endo IV)
KW  - Ethano adducts
KW  - Etheno adducts
KW  - exonuclease III (Exo III)
KW  - Glycosylases
KW  - mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase (Mug)
KW  - molecular dynamics (MD)
KW  - O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT)
KW  - polymerase (pol)
KW  - root mean square deviation (RMSD)
KW  - the major human AP endonuclease (APE1)
KW  - thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG)
N1  - Accession Number: 14248116; Guliaev, Anton B. 1 Singer, B. 1 Hang, Bo; Email Address: bo_hang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 3 Issue 10, p1311; Subject Term: VINYL chloride; Subject Term: ADENINE; Subject Term: PURINES; Subject Term: ADENOSINE; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU); Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,N6-ethanoadenine (EA); Author-Supplied Keyword: 1,N6-ethenoadenine (#x03B5; Author-Supplied Keyword: 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU); Author-Supplied Keyword: 3,N4-ethanocytosine (EC); Author-Supplied Keyword: 3,N4-ethenocytosine (#x03B5; Author-Supplied Keyword: A); Author-Supplied Keyword: alkylpurine-DNA-N-glycosylase (APNG); Author-Supplied Keyword: apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP); Author-Supplied Keyword: base excision repair (BER); Author-Supplied Keyword: C); Author-Supplied Keyword: chloroethylnitrosourea (CNU); Author-Supplied Keyword: Chloroethylnitrosoureas; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA repair; Author-Supplied Keyword: E. coli 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II (AlkA); Author-Supplied Keyword: endonuclease IV (Endo IV); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethano adducts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Etheno adducts; Author-Supplied Keyword: exonuclease III (Exo III); Author-Supplied Keyword: Glycosylases; Author-Supplied Keyword: mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase (Mug); Author-Supplied Keyword: molecular dynamics (MD); Author-Supplied Keyword: O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT); Author-Supplied Keyword: polymerase (pol); Author-Supplied Keyword: root mean square deviation (RMSD); Author-Supplied Keyword: the major human AP endonuclease (APE1); Author-Supplied Keyword: thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.04.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fenimore, P. W.
AU  - Frauenfelder, Hans
AU  - McMahon, B. H.
AU  - Young, R. D.
T1  - Bulk-solvent and hydration-shell fluctuations, similar to α- and β-fluctuations in glasses, control protein motions and functions.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/10/05/
VL  - 101
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 14408
EP  - 14413
SN  - 00278424
AB  - The concept that proteins exist in numerous different conformations or conformational substates, described by an energy landscape, is now accepted, but the dynamics is incompletely explored. We have previously shown that large-scale protein motions, such as the exit of a ligand from the protein interior, follow the dielectric fluctuations in the bulk solvent. Here, we demonstrate, by using mean-square displacements (msd) from Mössbauer and neutron-scattering experiments, that fluctuations in the hydration shell control fast fluctuations in the protein. We call the first type solvent-slaved or α-fluctuations and the second type hydration- shell-coupled or β-fluctuations. Solvent-slaved motions are similar to the α-fluctuations in glasses. Their temperature dependence can be approximated by a Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher relation and they are absent in a solid environment. Hydration-shell-coupled fluctu- ations are similar to the β-relaxation in glasses. They can be approximated by a Ferry or an Arrhenius relation, are much reduced or absent in dehydrated proteins, and occur in hydrated proteins even if embedded in a solid. They can be responsible for internal processes such as the migration of ligands within myoglobin. The existence of two functionally important fluctuations in proteins, one slaved to bulk motions and the other coupled to hydration-shell fluctuations, implies that the environment can control protein functions through different avenues and that no real protein transition occurs at &ap;200 K. The large number of conformational substates is essential; proteins cannot function without this reservoir of entropy, which resides mainly in the hydration shell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MOTION
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - MYOGLOBIN
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14881849; Fenimore, P. W. 1 Frauenfelder, Hans 1,2 McMahon, B. H. 1 Young, R. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011; Source Info: 10/5/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 40, p14408; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MOTION; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: MYOGLOBIN; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Surana, Neeraj K.
AU  - Grass, Susan
AU  - Hardy, Gail G.
AU  - Huilin Lie
AU  - Thanassi, David G.
AU  - St. Geme III, Joseph W.
T1  - Evidence for conservation of architecture and physical properties of Omp85-like proteins throughout evolution.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/10/05/
VL  - 101
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 14497
EP  - 14502
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Omp85-Iike proteins represent a family of proteins involved in protein translocation, and they are present in all domains of life, except archaea. In eukaryotes, Omp85-like proteins have been demonstrated to form tetrameric pore-forming complexes that interact directly with their substrate proteins. Studies performed with bacterial Omp85-like proteins have demonstrated pore-forming activity but no evidence of multimerization. In this article, we characterize the Haemophilus influenzae HMW1B protein, an Omp85-Iike protein that has been demonstrated to be critical for secretion of the H. influenzae HMW1 adhesin. Analysis of purified protein by biochemical and electron microscopic techniques revealed that HMW1B forms a tetramer. Examination using liposome- swelling assays demonstrated that HMW1B has pore-forming activity, with a pore size of &ap;2.7 nm. Far-Western blot analysis established that HMW1B interacts with the N terminus of HMW1. These results provide evidence that a bacterial Omp85-like protein forms a tetramer and interacts directly with a substrate protein, suggesting that the architecture and physical properties of Omp85-like proteins have been conserved throughout evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - EVOLUTION (Biology)
KW  - TRANSLOCATION (Genetics)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 14881864; Surana, Neeraj K. 1 Grass, Susan 1 Hardy, Gail G. 1,2 Huilin Lie 1 Thanassi, David G. 3 St. Geme III, Joseph W. 1,2,4; Affiliation:  1: Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8208, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110  2: Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8208, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  4: Center for Infectious Diseases and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794; Source Info: 10/5/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 40, p14497; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: EVOLUTION (Biology); Subject Term: TRANSLOCATION (Genetics); Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Xiandong
AU  - Pless, Jason D.
AU  - Griend, Douglas A. Vander
AU  - Stair, Peter C.
AU  - Poeppelmeier, Kenneth R.
AU  - Hu, Zhongbo
AU  - Jorgensen, James D.
T1  - Vanadium and molybdenum disorder in M2.5VMoO8 (M = Mg, Mn, and Zn) determined with neutron powder diffraction and phase formation studies of Mg2.5+xV1+2xMo1-2xO8
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/10/06/
VL  - 379
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 94
SN  - 09258388
AB  - Disorder between the vanadium and molybdenum sites was investigated using neutron diffraction on polycrystalline samples of M2.5VMoO8 (<F>M=Mg2+</F>, Mn2+, Zn2+) and the distribution of V5+ and Mo6+ among the tetrahedral sites was determined to be nearly statistical. The refined structures for all three polycrystalline samples corroborate those of corresponding single crystals determined previously with X-ray single crystal diffraction. Studies directed at the formation of Mg2.5+xV1+2xMo1-2xO8 (<F>x=0</F>, ±0.02 and ±0.04) demonstrate that the phase begins to form at an appreciable rate at 1173 K, which is approximately 250 K below its melting point. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VANADIUM
KW  - MOLYBDENUM
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - Cation vacancies
KW  - Molybdate
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Vanadate
N1  - Accession Number: 14313775; Wang, Xiandong 1 Pless, Jason D. 1 Griend, Douglas A. Vander 1 Stair, Peter C. 1 Poeppelmeier, Kenneth R. 1; Email Address: krp@northwestern.edu Hu, Zhongbo 2 Jorgensen, James D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Building 223, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 379 Issue 1/2, p87; Subject Term: VANADIUM; Subject Term: MOLYBDENUM; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cation vacancies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molybdate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vanadate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.02.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pecharsky, A.O.
AU  - Pecharsky, V.K.
AU  - Gschneidner Jr., K.A.
T1  - Phase relationships and low temperature heat capacities of alloys in the Y5Si4–Y5Ge4 pseudo binary system
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/10/06/
VL  - 379
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 134
SN  - 09258388
AB  - Phase compositions and crystal structures of 10 <F>Y5SixGe4-x</F> alloys with x varying from 0 to 4 have been studied by means of X-ray powder diffraction, and their heat capacities at constant pressure have been measured from ∼4 to 350 K using semi-adiabatic calorimetry. The silicide, Y5Si4, belongs to the Gd5Si2Ge2-type crystal structure; the germanide, Y5Ge4, belongs to the Sm5Ge4-type crystal structure. Two solid solutions exist in the <F>Y5SixGe4-x</F> system: alloys with x varying from 4 to 3.5 have the monoclinic Gd5Si2Ge2-type structure, and alloys with x varying from 3.0 to 0 have the orthorhombic Sm5Ge4-type crystal structure. Low temperature heat capacity data indicate the absence of structural transitions below room temperature. The existence and terminations of the solid solution regions of the four structures which occur in the <F>R5SixGe4-x</F> systems, where R is a rare earth element, correlate with the radius ratio of the R metal divided by the weight average radius of the Si and Ge atoms in the given phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - RARE earth metals
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Heat capacity
KW  - Phase stability
KW  - Yttrium germanide
KW  - Yttrium silicide
KW  - Yttrium–germanium-silicides
N1  - Accession Number: 14313782; Pecharsky, A.O. 1 Pecharsky, V.K. 1,2; Email Address: vitkp@ameslab.gov Gschneidner Jr., K.A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, 242 Spedding, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2300, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 379 Issue 1/2, p127; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: RARE earth metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat capacity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yttrium germanide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yttrium silicide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yttrium–germanium-silicides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.03.069
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hartwigsen, C.J.
AU  - Song, Y.
AU  - McFarland, D.M.
AU  - Bergman, L.A.
AU  - Vakakis, A.F.
T1  - Experimental study of non-linear effects in a typical shear lap joint configuration
JO  - Journal of Sound & Vibration
JF  - Journal of Sound & Vibration
Y1  - 2004/10/06/
VL  - 277
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 351
SN  - 0022460X
AB  - Although mechanical joints are integral parts of most practical structures, their modelling and their effects on structural dynamics are not yet fully understood. This represents a serious impediment to accurate modelling of the dynamics and to the development of reduced-order, finite element models capable of describing the effects of mechanical joints on the dynamics. In this work we provide an experimental study to quantify the non-linear effects of a typical shear lap joint on the dynamics of two structures: a beam with a bolted joint in its center; and a frame with a bolted joint in one of its members. Both structures are subjected to a variety of dynamical tests to determine the non-linear effects of the joints. The tests reveal several important influences on the effective stiffness and damping of the lap joints. The possibility of using Iwan models to represent the experimentally observed joint effects is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Sound & Vibration is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - JOINTS (Anatomy)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14189697; Hartwigsen, C.J. 1; Email Address: cjhartw@sandia.gov Song, Y. 2 McFarland, D.M. 2; Email Address: dmmcf@uiuc.edu Bergman, L.A. 2; Email Address: lbergman@uiuc.edu Vakakis, A.F. 3,4; Email Address: avakakis@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  2: Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 Talbot Laboratory, MC-236, Urbana, IL 61801-2935, USA  3: Division of Mechanics, National Technical University of Athens, P.O. Box 64042, GR-157 10 Zografos, Greece  4: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 277 Issue 1/2, p327; Subject Term: JOINTS (Anatomy); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jsv.2003.09.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krumper, Jennifer R.
AU  - Gerisch, Michael
AU  - Magistralo, Alessandra
AU  - Rothlisberger, Ursula
AU  - Bergman, Robert G.
AU  - Tilley, T. Don
T1  - Unusual Ar -- H/Rh --H JHH NMR Coupling in Complexes of Rhodium(Ill): Experimental Evidence and Theoretical Support for an η¹ -- Arene Structure.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/10/06/
VL  - 126
IS  - 39
M3  - Article
SP  - 12492
EP  - 12502
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The synthesis and structural properties of three new hydridorhodium(lll) complexes are reported. Hydrogenolysis of the cyclometalated rhodium dichloride complexes [RhCI2{(S,S)-benbox(Me2)}] (2a-c) leads to formation of the new complexes [RhCl2(H){(S,S)-ip-benbox(Me2)H}] (3a-c) in 45% to 85% yield. Compounds 3a-c were found to have unusual features by NMR spectroscopy: in particular, downfield shifted aryl proton resonances (8.88-9.03 ppm) that were coupled to the rhodium hydride resonances. Using X-ray crystallographic studies, a variety of solid- and solution-state characterization techniques, and DFT calculations, these features were attributed to the presence of weak &pie;-typeη¹-arene interactions in 3a-c. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENOLYSIS
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - RHODIUM
KW  - PLATINUM group
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 14724863; Krumper, Jennifer R. 1 Gerisch, Michael 1 Magistralo, Alessandra 1 Rothlisberger, Ursula 2,3; Email Address: bergman@cchem.be.rkeley.edu Bergman, Robert G. 1 Tilley, T. Don 2; Email Address: tdtiley@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California and Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94702,  2: International School for Advanced Studies (ISAS/SISSA) and INFM-Democritos Center, Trieste 34140, italy,  3: Laboratory of Computational Chemistry & Biochemistry, BCH 4109 EPFL, Lausanne Cit-lOiS Switzerland; Source Info: 10/6/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 39, p12492; Subject Term: HYDROGENOLYSIS; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: RHODIUM; Subject Term: PLATINUM group; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vaniman, David T.
AU  - Bish, David L.
AU  - Chipera, Steve J.
AU  - Fialips, Claire I.
AU  - William Carey, J.
AU  - Feldman, William C.
T1  - Magnesium sulphate salts and the history of water on Mars.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/10/07/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7009
M3  - Article
SP  - 663
EP  - 665
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Recent reports of~30?wt% of sulphate within saline sediments on Mars-probably occurring in hydrated form-suggest a role for sulphates in accounting for equatorial H2O observed in a global survey by the Odyssey spacecraft. Among salt hydrates likely to be present, those of the MgSO4·nH2O series have many hydration states. Here we report the exposure of several of these phases to varied temperature, pressure and humidity to constrain their possible H2O contents under martian surface conditions. We found that crystalline structure and H2O content are dependent on temperature-pressure history, that an amorphous hydrated phase with slow dehydration kinetics forms at<1% relative humidity, and that equilibrium calculations may not reflect the true H2O-bearing potential of martian soils. Mg sulphate salts can retain sufficient H2O to explain a portion of the Odyssey observations. Because phases in the MgSO4·nH2O system are sensitive to temperature and humidity, they can reveal much about the history of water on Mars. However, their ease of transformation implies that salt hydrates collected on Mars will not be returned to Earth unmodified, and that accurate in situ analysis is imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - SALTS
KW  - WATER
KW  - MARS (Planet)
KW  - SURVEYS
KW  - HUMIDITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14622977; Vaniman, David T. 1 Bish, David L. 2 Chipera, Steve J. 1 Fialips, Claire I. 1 William Carey, J. 1 Feldman, William C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), MS D462, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  2: Indiana University, 1001 E 10th St, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA; Source Info: 10/7/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7009, p663; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: SALTS; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: MARS (Planet); Subject Term: SURVEYS; Subject Term: HUMIDITY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02973
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bonev, Stanimir A.
AU  - Schwegler, Eric
AU  - Ogitsu, Tadashi
AU  - Galli, Giulia
T1  - A quantum fluid of metallic hydrogen suggested by first-principles calculations.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/10/07/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7009
M3  - Article
SP  - 669
EP  - 672
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - It is generally assumed that solid hydrogen will transform into a metallic alkali-like crystal at sufficiently high pressure. However, some theoretical models have also suggested that compressed hydrogen may form an unusual two-component (protons and electrons) metallic fluid at low temperature, or possibly even a zero-temperature liquid ground state. The existence of these new states of matter is conditional on the presence of a maximum in the melting temperature versus pressure curve (the‘melt line’). Previous measurements of the hydrogen melt line up to pressures of 44?GPa have led to controversial conclusions regarding the existence of this maximum. Here we report ab initio calculations that establish the melt line up to 200?GPa. We predict that subtle changes in the intermolecular interactions lead to a decline of the melt line above 90?GPa. The implication is that as solid molecular hydrogen is compressed, it transforms into a low-temperature quantum fluid before becoming a monatomic crystal. The emerging low-temperature phase diagram of hydrogen and its isotopes bears analogies with the familiar phases of3He and4He (the only known zero-temperature liquids), but the long-range Coulomb interactions and the large component mass ratio present in hydrogen would result in dramatically different properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - METALS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 14622979; Bonev, Stanimir A. 1 Schwegler, Eric 1 Ogitsu, Tadashi 1 Galli, Giulia 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of california, Livermore, California 94550, USA.; Source Info: 10/7/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7009, p669; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02968
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kharzeev, Dmitri
AU  - Kovchegov, Yuri V.
AU  - Tuchin, Kirill
T1  - Nuclear modification factor in  collisions: onset of suppression in the color glass condensate
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/10/07/
VL  - 599
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 31
SN  - 03702693
AB  - We perform a quantitative analysis of the nuclear modification factor in deuteron–gold collisions  within the Color Glass Condensate approach, and compare our results with the recent data from RHIC experiments. Our model leads to Cronin enhancement at mid-rapidity, while at forward rapidities it predicts strong suppression of  at all  due to low-x evolution. We demonstrate that our results are consistent with the data for dAu charged hadron spectra,  and  recently reported for rapidities in the interval  by the BRAHMS experiment at RHIC. We also make a prediction for  at mid-rapidity in pA collisions at the LHC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 12.38.-t
N1  - Accession Number: 14375165; Kharzeev, Dmitri 1 Kovchegov, Yuri V. 2; Email Address: kovcheg@u.washington.edu Tuchin, Kirill 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, PO Box 500 Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics, Box 351560 University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 599 Issue 1/2, p23; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.38.-t; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.08.034
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chee Kwan Gan
AU  - Tymczak, C. J.
AU  - Challacombe, Matt
T1  - Linear scaling computation of the Fock matrix. VII. Parallel computation of the Coulomb matrix.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 6608
EP  - 6614
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present parallelization of a quantum-chemical tree-code [J. Chem. Phys. 106, 5526 (1997)] for linear scaling computation of the Coulomb matrix. Equal time partition [J. Chem. Phys. 118, 9128 (2003)] is used to load balance computation of the Coulomb matrix. Equal time partition is a measurement based algorithm for domain decomposition that exploits small variation of the density between self-consistent-field cycles to achieve load balance. Efficiency of the equal time partition is illustrated by several tests involving both finite and periodic systems. It is found that equal time partition is able to deliver 91%–98% efficiency with 128 processors in the most time consuming part of the Coulomb matrix calculation. The current parallel quantum chemical tree code is able to deliver 63%–81% overall efficiency on 128 processors with fine grained parallelism (less than two heavy atoms per processor). © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COULOMB functions
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14593042; Chee Kwan Gan 1; Email Address: ckgan@lanl.gov Tymczak, C. J. 1 Challacombe, Matt 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 10/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 14, p6608; Subject Term: COULOMB functions; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790891
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanai, Takeshi
AU  - Fann, George I.
AU  - Gan, Zhenting
AU  - Harrison, Robert J.
AU  - Beylkin, Gregory
T1  - Multiresolution quantum chemistry in multiwavelet bases: Hartree–Fock exchange.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 6680
EP  - 6688
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - In a previous study [R. J. Harrison et al., J. Chem. Phys. (in press)] we reported an efficient, accurate multiresolution solver for the Kohn–Sham self-consisitent field (KS-SCF) method for general polyatomic molecules. This study presents an efficient numerical algorithm to evalute Hartree–Fock (HF) exchange in the multiresolution SCF method to solve the HF equations. The algorithm employs fast integral convolution with the Poission kernel in the nonstandard form, screening the sparse multiwavelet representation to compute results of the integral operator only where required by the nonlocal exchange operator. Localized molecular obitals are used to attain near linear scaling. Results for atoms and molecules demonstrate reliable precision and speed. Calculations for small water clusters demonstrate a total cost to compute the HF exchange potential for all nocc occpuied MOs scaling as O(nocc1.5). © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYATOMIC molecules
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - INTEGRAL operators
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
N1  - Accession Number: 14593034; Yanai, Takeshi 1 Fann, George I. 1 Gan, Zhenting 1 Harrison, Robert J. 1 Beylkin, Gregory 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS6367, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0529; Source Info: 10/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 14, p6680; Subject Term: POLYATOMIC molecules; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: INTEGRAL operators; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790931
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Dean
AU  - Svec, Frantisek
AU  - Fréchet, Jean M.J.
T1  - Photopolymerized monolithic capillary columns for rapid micro high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of proteins
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 1051
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 60
SN  - 00219673
AB  - The preparation of monolithic poly(butyl methacrylate–co-ethylene dimethacrylate) capillary columns using photoinitiated in situ polymerization within 200 μm i.d. capillaries and their application for μHPLC separations of proteins have been studied. The low resistance to flow characteristic of monolithic columns, enabled the use of very high flow rates of up to 100 μL/min representing a flow velocity of 87 mm/s. Very good separations of a model protein mixture consisting of ribonuclease A, cytochrome c, myoglobin, and ovalbumin was achieved in less than 40 s using a very simple single step gradient of the mobile phase. Interestingly, no effect of the pore size on the separations of proteins was observed for these monolithic columns within the size range of 0.66–2.2 μm. The monolithic μHPLC columns are found very robust and no changes in the long term separation performance and back pressure were observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Photopolymerization
KW  - Capillary liquid chromatography
KW  - Monolithic columns
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Stationary phases, LC
N1  - Accession Number: 14580409; Lee, Dean 1,2; Svec, Frantisek 1,2; Fréchet, Jean M.J. 1,2; Email Address: frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; 2: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720-8139, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 1051 Issue 1/2, p53; Thesaurus Term: Photochemistry; Thesaurus Term: Liquid chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Subject Term: Photopolymerization; Subject Term: Capillary liquid chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monolithic columns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases, LC; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.04.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Isailovic, Dragan
AU  - Li, Hung-Wing
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - Isolation and characterization of R-phycoerythrin subunits and enzymatic digests
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 1051
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 119
EP  - 130
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Subunits and enzymatic digests of the highly fluorescent phycobiliprotein R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) were analyzed by several separation and detection techniques including HPLC, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE), CE, and HPLC–electrospray ionization (ESI) MS. R-PE subunits were isolated by HPLC and detected as single molecules by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. The results show efficient absorption and fluorescence of the R-PE subunits and digest peptides, originating from the incorporation of phycoerythrobilin and phycourobilin chromophores in them. In addition, HPLC–ESI-MS and SDS–PAGE were optimized to determine the molecular masses of phycobiliprotein subunits and the chromophore-containing peptides, as well as the amino acid sequences of the latter. Favorable spectroscopic and structural properties of R-PE subunits and enzymatic digests, even under denaturing conditions, make these molecules suitable for use as fluorescence labels for biomolecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Phycobiliproteins
KW  - Plant proteins
KW  - Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
KW  - Detection, LC
KW  - Phycoerythrin
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14580417; Isailovic, Dragan 1; Li, Hung-Wing 1; Yeung, Edward S.; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliations: 1: Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 1051 Issue 1/2, p119; Thesaurus Term: Mass spectrometry; Subject Term: Phycobiliproteins; Subject Term: Plant proteins; Subject Term: Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection, LC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phycoerythrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.07.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu
AU  - H.-G.
AU  - Muckerman
AU  - J. T.
T1  - MRCI Calculations of the Lowest Potential Energy Surface for CH3OH and Direct ab Initio Dynamics Simulations of the O(1D) + CH4 Reaction.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 8615
EP  - 8623
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The stationary point geometries and frequencies on the lowest singlet potential energy surface for the CH3OH system are calculated using the complete-active-space self-consistent-field method. The energetics are refined using a restricted internally contracted multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) method at the complete basis set (CBS) limit. The CBS energy is extrapolated using the scheme of Halkier et al. with two large basis sets:  aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ. The implications of our calculated results concerning the O(1D) + CH4 and OH + CH3 reactions are discussed. In addition, the O(1D) + CH4 reaction at a collision energy of 6.8 kcal/mol is investigated using a variant of the “scaling all correlation” (SAC) method of Truhlar et al. and the coupled-cluster double-excitation (CCD) method in a direct dynamics study with a D95(d,p) basis set. The results show that the O(1D) + CH4 → OH + CH3 reaction occurs both via direct and long-lived intermediate pathways. The differential cross section for the direct reaction to form OH is forward peaked with a nearly isotropic background. Finally, the branching fractions for OH, H, H2, and H2O are predicted to be 0.725:0.186:0.025:0.064. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16387017; Yu H.-G. 1 Muckerman J. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 41, p8615; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang
AU  - X.
AU  - Zou
AU  - S.
AU  - Harding
AU  - L. B.
AU  - Bowman
AU  - J. M.
T1  - A Global ab Initio Potential Energy Surface for Formaldehyde.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 8980
EP  - 8986
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We report a global potential energy surface for formaldehyde. The surface is a combination of six local fits joined smoothly by five switching functions. The fits are to roughly 80000 CCSD(T)/aug-cc-PVTZ and 53000 MR-CI/aug-cc-PVTZ calculations of electronic energies. The surface describes the H2CO minimum, the cis and trans HCOH isomers, the molecular channel, H2+CO, and the radical channel, H+HCO. The properties of the potential are evaluated by analyzing the properties of the six stationary points, one-dimensional cuts, and contour plots of the fit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FORMALDEHYDE
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - DISINFECTION & disinfectants
N1  - Accession Number: 16387058; Zhang X. 1 Zou S. 1 Harding L. B. 1 Bowman J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 41, p8980; Subject Term: FORMALDEHYDE; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: DISINFECTION & disinfectants; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woodworth
AU  - J.
AU  - Bowman
AU  - M. K.
AU  - Larsen
AU  - S. C.
T1  - Two-Dimensional Pulsed EPR Studies of Vanadium-Exchanged ZSM-5.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 16128
EP  - 16134
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique of hyperfine sublevel correlation spectroscopy (HYSCORE) was used to obtain structural information about vanadium(VO2+)-exchanged ZSM-5. HYSCORE spectra were obtained for vanadium-exchanged ZSM-5 before and after dehydration and after the adsorption of ammonia. For the hydrated samples, proton hyperfine coupling constants were measured and assigned to equatorial water ligands with orientations perpendicular and parallel to the equatorial plane. Nitrogen hyperfine coupling constants for adsorbed ammonia were also determined from the HYSCORE spectra. The results were compared with previous density functional theory (DFT) calculations of hyperfine coupling constants for vanadyl model complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - VANADIUM
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - NITROGEN compounds
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16427290; Woodworth J. 1 Bowman M. K. 1 Larsen S. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 41, p16128; Subject Term: VANADIUM; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: NITROGEN compounds; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, J.D.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Morales, L.A.
AU  - Wastin, F.
AU  - Boulet, P.
T1  - Superconductors containing Pu: PuCoGa5 and related systems
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 10
EP  - 13
SN  - 09214534
AB  - PuCoGa5 is the first Pu-based superconductor and has a superconducting transition temperature, <f>Tc=18.5</f> K, that is exceeded by only a small number of other intermetallic compounds. The normal and superconducting state properties of PuCoGa5, when considered in the context of the isostructural family of unconventional superconductors CeMIn5, suggest that superconductivity in it as well as in recently discovered PuRhGa5 is unconventional. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - METALS
KW  - 74.62.Bf
KW  - PuCoGa5
KW  - PuRhGa5
KW  - Superconductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 14710798; Thompson, J.D. 1; Email Address: jdt@lanl.gov Sarrao, J.L. 1 Morales, L.A. 1 Wastin, F. 2 Boulet, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: European Commission, JRC, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Karlsruhe 76125, Germany; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p10; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: METALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74.62.Bf; Author-Supplied Keyword: PuCoGa5; Author-Supplied Keyword: PuRhGa5; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.11.061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710798&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lanzara, A.
T1  - Nodal vs antinodal quasiparticles in optimally doped Bi2212 superconductor
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
EP  - 50
SN  - 09214534
AB  - High resolution angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is used to study the temperature and momentum dependence of the quasiparticle dispersion in optimally doped Bi2212 superconductors. Coupling to bosonic excitations, manifested in the form of a kink in the dispersion, are reported at the nodal and antinodal region. Difference and similarities between the nodal and antinodal kink structure are discussed and coupling to phonon modes is presented as possible explanation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges through gases
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - Bi2212 superconductors
KW  - Quasiparticles
N1  - Accession Number: 14710807; Lanzara, A. 1,2; Email Address: alanzara@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p46; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges through gases; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi2212 superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasiparticles; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.154
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710807&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pintschovius, Lothar
AU  - Endoh, Yasuo
AU  - Reznik, Dmitry
AU  - Hiraka, H.
AU  - Tranquada, John
AU  - Reichardt, Winfried
AU  - Bourges, Philippe
AU  - Sidis, Yvan
AU  - Uchiyama, Hiroshi
AU  - Masui, T.
AU  - Tajima, Setsuko
T1  - Neutron scattering study of charge fluctuations and spin fluctuations in optimally doped YBa2Cu3O6.95
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 70
EP  - 75
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Inelastic neutron scattering investigations on optimally doped YBCO revealed a very pronounced temperature dependence of the Cu–O in-plane bond-stretching vibrations along the (0 1 0)-direction: a downward shift of spectral weight with decreasing temperature by at least 10 meV in a narrow range of wave vectors halfway to the zone boundary. The temperature evolution starts around 200 K, well above the superconducting transition temperature. This phonon anomaly provides strong evidence for large electron–phonon coupling. It also indicates an incipient charge density wave instability within the CuO2 planes reminiscent of dynamical charge stripes. The magnetic fluctuations have been investigated in great detail on the same sample. Incommensurate spin fluctuations have been observed for energies both below and above the energy of the resonance peak at <f>E=41</f> meV. However, the dispersive nature of these fluctuations as well as their apparent isotropy in the basal plane speak against an interpretation of the spin fluctuation spectrum in the framework of the classical stripe phase picture. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - Phonons
KW  - Spin fluctuations
KW  - Stripe order
KW  - YBa2Cu3O7
N1  - Accession Number: 14710812; Pintschovius, Lothar 1; Email Address: pini@ifp.fzk.de Endoh, Yasuo 2 Reznik, Dmitry 1,3 Hiraka, H. 2 Tranquada, John 4 Reichardt, Winfried 1 Bourges, Philippe 3 Sidis, Yvan 3 Uchiyama, Hiroshi 5 Masui, T. 5 Tajima, Setsuko 5; Affiliation:  1: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Festkörperphysik, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany  2: Institute for Material Research, Tohoku University, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  3: Laboratoire Leon Brillouin, C.E.A./C.N.R.S., F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  4: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: Superconductivity Research Laboratory, ISTEC, Shinonome, Koutu-ku, Tokyo 135-0062, Japan; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p70; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: PHONONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phonons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spin fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stripe order; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBa2Cu3O7; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710812&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwok, Wai-Kwong
AU  - Xiao, Z.L.
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Rydh, A.
AU  - Vlasko-Vlasov, V.
AU  - Novosad, V.
T1  - Commensurate vortex pinning in Nb films patterned onto anodized aluminum oxide
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 351
SN  - 09214534
AB  - Anodic aluminum oxide templates containing extended arrays of holes with ∼30-nm diameter and approximately 128-nm spacing were sputter-coated with Nb. We find pronounced matching effects in the transport and magnetization measurements beyond 4 kOe. In addition, we observe Little–Parks oscillations of the superconducting critical temperature. We compare the flux pinning in the patterned samples to unpatterned reference samples and find a significant enhancement of the critical current. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - Nanosuperconductivity
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - Vortex pinning
N1  - Accession Number: 14710877; Kwok, Wai-Kwong; Email Address: wkwok@anl.gov Xiao, Z.L. 1 Welp, U. 1 Rydh, A. 1 Vlasko-Vlasov, V. 1 Novosad, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, Il 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p347; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanosuperconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex pinning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.054
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710877&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bending, S.J.
AU  - Grigorenko, A.N.
AU  - Crisan, I.A.
AU  - Cole, D.
AU  - Koshelev, A.E.
AU  - Clem, John R.
AU  - Tamegai, T.
AU  - Ooi, S.
T1  - Interacting crossing vortex lattices in the presence of quenched disorder
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
EP  - 378
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We have used high resolution scanning Hall probe microscopy (SHPM) to study vortex structures in the interacting crossing lattices regime of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O<f>8+δ</f> (BSCCO) single crystals under independently applied <f>Hc</f> and <f>Hǁ</f> fields. At very low <f>c</f>-axis fields we observe a novel 1D vortex chain state where all pancake vortex (PV) stacks become trapped on underlying stacks of Josephson vortices (JVs). In this regime distortions of the JV lattice, induced by varying <f>Hǁ</f>, enable the indirect manipulation of PVs trapped on them. Preliminary results of experiments are presented in which we have attempted to realise a vortex `lens'' based on this vortex `pump'' principle. The existence of 1D vortex chains also explains many of the features observed in the magnetisation of BSCCO under strongly tilted magnetic fields. Finally we demonstrate how the presence of quenched disorder leads to indirect JV pinning via interactions with weakly pinned PV stacks and show how fragmentation of both PV and JV stacks can occur when stacks of JVs `decorated'' with PVs are forced abruptly through regions of disorder. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - PUMPING machinery
KW  - HYDRAULIC machinery
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - 74.72.-h
KW  - Crossing lattices
KW  - Layered superconductors
KW  - Vortex pumps
KW  - Vortices
N1  - Accession Number: 14710883; Bending, S.J. 1; Email Address: pyssb@bath.ac.uk Grigorenko, A.N. 1,2 Crisan, I.A. 1 Cole, D. 1 Koshelev, A.E. 3 Clem, John R. 4 Tamegai, T. 5,6 Ooi, S. 5,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA  4: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3160, USA  5: Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8627, Japan  6: Japan Science and Technology Corporation, CREST, Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p372; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: PUMPING machinery; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC machinery; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74.72.-h; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crossing lattices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortex pumps; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vortices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333911 Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.058
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710883&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arendt, P.N.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Civale, L.
AU  - DePaula, R.F.
AU  - Dowden, P.C.
AU  - Groves, J.R.
AU  - Holesinger, T.G.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
AU  - Kreiskott, S.
AU  - Stan, L.
AU  - Usov, I.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Coulter, J.Y.
T1  - High critical current YBCO coated conductors based on IBAD MgO
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 795
EP  - 800
SN  - 09214534
AB  - This report describes recent developments of second-generation Y1Ba2Cu3O<f>7-δ</f> (YBCO) coated conductors deposited on biaxially textured MgO templates. The materials system architecture implemented to achieve high critical currents in YBCO films is described. The average full-width at half maximum (FWHM) in-plane texture obtained for MgO films processed on meter-length tapes is 7°, while that for the YBCO films is 3°. The best YBCO in-plane values approach 2° and the out-of-plane values approach 1°. Critical currents (1 cm wide tapes, 75 K, self field) have attained 423 A for 7 cm length and 233 A for 50 cm length tapes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM compounds
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - Biaxial texture
KW  - Ion-beam assisted deposition
KW  - YBCO coated conductor
N1  - Accession Number: 14710620; Arendt, P.N.; Email Address: arendt@lanl.gov Foltyn, S.R. 1 Civale, L. 1 DePaula, R.F. 1 Dowden, P.C. 1 Groves, J.R. 1 Holesinger, T.G. 1 Jia, Q.X. 1 Kreiskott, S. 1 Stan, L. 1 Usov, I. 1 Wang, H. 1 Coulter, J.Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p795; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM compounds; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biaxial texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-beam assisted deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO coated conductor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.12.074
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710620&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rupich, M.W.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Kodenkandath, T.
AU  - Verebelyi, D.T.
AU  - Schoop, U.
AU  - Thieme, C.
AU  - Teplitsky, M.
AU  - Lynch, J.
AU  - Nguyen, N.
AU  - Siegal, E.
AU  - Scudiere, J.
AU  - Maroni, V.
AU  - Venkataraman, K.
AU  - Miller, D.
AU  - Holesinger, T.G.
T1  - Progress on MOD/RABiTSTM 2G HTS wire
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 877
EP  - 884
SN  - 09214534
AB  - The development of the second generation (2G) high temperature superconducting wire has advanced beyond initial laboratory demonstrations and is now focused on developing and testing high critical current conductor designs required for commercial applications. The approach pursued at American Superconductor for 2G wire manufacturing is based on the combination of the RABiTSTM substrate–buffer technology with metal organic deposition (MOD) of the YBCO layer. This MOD/RABiTSTM approach has been demonstrated in 10 m lengths with critical currents of up to 184 A/cm-width (∼2.3 MA/cm2) and in short length with critical currents of up to 270 A/cm-width (∼3.4 MA/cm2). In addition to a high critical current, the superconducting wire must also meet stringent mechanical and electrical stability requirements that vary by application. Commercially viable architectures designed to meet these specifications have been fabricated and tested. Wires manufactured by this process have been successfully tested in prototype cable and coil applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - HEAT
KW  - 74.62.Bf
KW  - 74.72.-h
KW  - Second generation
KW  - Superconducting wires
KW  - YBCO
N1  - Accession Number: 14710635; Rupich, M.W. 1; Email Address: mrupich@amsuper.com Zhang, W. 1 Li, X. 1 Kodenkandath, T. 1 Verebelyi, D.T. 1 Schoop, U. 1 Thieme, C. 1 Teplitsky, M. 1 Lynch, J. 1 Nguyen, N. 1 Siegal, E. 1 Scudiere, J. 1 Maroni, V. 2 Venkataraman, K. 2 Miller, D. 2 Holesinger, T.G. 3; Affiliation:  1: American Superconductor Corporation, 2 Technology Drive, Westborough, MA 01581, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p877; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: HEAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74.62.Bf; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74.72.-h; Author-Supplied Keyword: Second generation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting wires; Author-Supplied Keyword: YBCO; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.02.202
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710635&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Civale, L.
AU  - Maiorov, B.
AU  - Serquis, A.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
AU  - Arendt, P.N.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Willis, J.O.
AU  - Coulter, J.Y.
AU  - Holesinger, T.G.
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J.L.
AU  - Rupich, M.W.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Li, X.
T1  - Influence of crystalline texture on vortex pinning near the <f>ab</f>-plane in YBa2Cu3O7 thin films and coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 976
EP  - 982
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We present a study of the sharp peak that develops near the <f>ab</f>-plane orientation in the angular dependent critical current of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) films. This peak arises from correlated pinning associated to intrinsic pinning by the layered structure of the YBCO, and from extended planar defects. We measure films produced by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and metal organic deposition (MOD) on ion beam assisted deposition––MgO, and by PLD on single crystalline substrates. We show that the width and height of the peak increases with the out-of-plane mosaic spread of the films. We discuss the implications of the different structures (columnar and laminar respectively) of the PLD and MOD films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - Coated superconductors
KW  - Critical current
KW  - Superconductivity
KW  - Thin films
N1  - Accession Number: 14710655; Civale, L. 1; Email Address: lcivale@lanl.gov Maiorov, B. 1 Serquis, A. 1 Foltyn, S.R. 1 Jia, Q.X. 1 Arendt, P.N. 1 Wang, H. 1 Willis, J.O. 1 Coulter, J.Y. 1 Holesinger, T.G. 1 MacManus-Driscoll, J.L. 1,2 Rupich, M.W. 3 Zhang, W. 3 Li, X. 3; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, MS K763, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Pembroke St., Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK  3: American Superconductor, Westborough, MA 01581, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p976; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: COATING processes; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coated superconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2003.12.076
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710655&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coulter, J.Y.
AU  - Willis, J.O.
AU  - Maley, M.P.
AU  - Ullmann, J.L.
T1  - Improved critical currents in a Bi-2223/Ag coil using splayed columnar defects
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 1079
EP  - 1084
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We have irradiated a double pancake coil of Bi-2223/Ag sheathed tape with high energy protons, which yield splayed columnar defects in the superconductor core of the tape. We report the critical current <f>Ic</f> and current–voltage power law <f>n</f> value as a function of magnetic field at temperatures of 75–64 K for the coil and for a short sample taken from the coil. A novel apparatus using permanent magnets is used to apply a magnetic field in the coil radial direction. Both the coil and short sample show a strong enhancement in <f>Ic</f> for magnetic fields along the <f>c</f> axis (tape normal or radial direction for the coil) compared to the performance of unirradiated tape. These results represent the first time a real superconducting device has been irradiated with high energy protons for the purpose of introducing splayed columnar defects to enhance performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Bi-based superconductor
KW  - Critical currents
KW  - Flux pinning
KW  - Proton irradiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14710676; Coulter, J.Y. 1 Willis, J.O.; Email Address: jwillis@lanl.gov Maley, M.P. 1 Ullmann, J.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K763; MST-STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p1079; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi-based superconductor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical currents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flux pinning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Proton irradiation; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.115
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710676&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulzacchelli, John F.
AU  - Lee, Hae-Seung
AU  - Misewich, James A.
AU  - Ketchen, Mark B.
T1  - Development of superconducting bandpass delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 412-414
M3  - Article
SP  - 1539
EP  - 1545
SN  - 09214534
AB  - This paper recounts the development of a superconducting bandpass delta-sigma <f>(ΔΣ)</f> modulator for direct analog-to-digital conversion of radio frequency signals in the GHz range. The modulator design benefits from several advantages of superconducting electronics: high-Q resonators, fast Josephson comparators, naturally quantized single flux quantum pulses, and high circuit sensitivity. The measured center frequency (2.23 GHz), sampling rate (up to 45 GHz), dynamic range (greater than 57 dB over a 19.6 MHz bandwidth), and input sensitivity (-17.4 dBm full-scale) of the bandpass modulator are the highest reported to date in any technology. The SNR (49 dB over a 20.8 MHz bandwidth) is limited by the frequency resolution of the measurement but still exceeds the SNRs of semiconductor modulators with comparable center frequencies. The design of the modulator test chip and the high speed testing methodology are reviewed. Finally, the paper examines the prospects for improved performance with more advanced modulator architectures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuit design
KW  - ELECTRIC circuits
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - BROADBAND communication systems
KW  - Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
KW  - Bandpass delta-sigma modulator
KW  - Josephson junction
KW  - Niobium (materials index)
KW  - Superconducting electronics (subject index)
N1  - Accession Number: 14710774; Bulzacchelli, John F. 1,2; Email Address: jfbulz@us.ibm.com Lee, Hae-Seung 1 Misewich, James A. 2,3 Ketchen, Mark B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA  3: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 412-414, p1539; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuit design; Subject Term: ELECTRIC circuits; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: BROADBAND communication systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analog-to-digital converter (ADC); Author-Supplied Keyword: Bandpass delta-sigma modulator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Josephson junction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Niobium (materials index); Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconducting electronics (subject index); NAICS/Industry Codes: 517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.156
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14710774&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faigel, G.
AU  - Tegze, M.
AU  - Bortel, G.
AU  - Jurek, Z.
AU  - Marchesini, S.
AU  - Belakhovsky, M.
AU  - Simionovici, A.
T1  - Holographic methods as local probes of the atomic order in solids
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part B
Y1  - 2004/10/08/
VL  - 59
IS  - 10/11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1523
EP  - 1528
SN  - 05848547
AB  - In the last 15 years, several techniques based on the holographic principle have been developed for the study of the 3D local order in solids. These methods use various particles: electrons, hard X-ray photons, gamma photons, or neutrons to image the atoms. Although the practical realisation of the various imaging experiments is very different, there is a common thread; the use of inside reference points for holographic imaging. In this paper, we outline the basics of atomic resolution holography using inside reference points, with particular emphasis on the hard X-ray case. Furthermore, we outline the experimental requirements and what has been practically realized in the last decade. Lastly, we give examples of applications and future perspectives. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HOLOGRAPHY
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - 3D structure
KW  - Atomic resolution
KW  - Holography
KW  - X-ray
N1  - Accession Number: 14649557; Faigel, G.; Email Address: gf@szfki.hu Tegze, M. 1 Bortel, G. 1 Jurek, Z. 1 Marchesini, S. 2 Belakhovsky, M. 3 Simionovici, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: X-ray Diffraction Laboratory, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, POB 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: CEA Grenoble/DRFMC-SP2M, 17 Rue Des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France  4: ESRF BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 59 Issue 10/11, p1523; Subject Term: HOLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: 3D structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic resolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Holography; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.sab.2004.07.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14649557&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Felmy, Andrew
AU  - Gorby, Yuri
T1  - An electrodynamics-based model for ion diffusion in microbial polysaccharides
JO  - Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
JF  - Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
Y1  - 2004/10/10/
VL  - 38
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 65
SN  - 09277765
AB  - An electrodynamics-based model was formulated for simulation of ion diffusion in microbial polysaccharides. The fixed charges and electrostatic double layers that may associate with microbial polysaccharides and their effects on ion diffusion were explicitly built into the model. The model extends a common multicomponent ion diffusion formulation that is based on irreversible thermodynamics under a zero ionic charge flux condition, which is only applicable to the regions without fixed charges and electrostatic double layers. An efficient numerical procedure was presented to solve the differential equations in the model. The model well described key features of experimental observations of ion diffusion in negatively charged microbial polysaccharides including accelerated diffusive transport of cations, exclusion of anions, and increased rate of cation transport with increasing negative charge density. The simulated diffusive fluxes of cations and anions were consistent with a cation exchange diffusion concept in negatively charged polysaccharides at the interface of plant roots and soils; and the developed model allows to mathematically study such diffusion phenomena. An illustrative example was also provided to simulate dynamic behavior of ionic current during ion diffusion within a charged bacterial cell wall polysaccharide and the effects of the ionic current on the compression or expansion of the bacterial electrostatic double layer at the interface of the cell wall and bulk solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Colloids & Surfaces B: Biointerfaces is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODYNAMICS
KW  - MICROBIAL aggregation
KW  - POLYSACCHARIDES
KW  - BIOPOLYMERS
KW  - Cell wall
KW  - Electrostatic double layer
KW  - Ion diffusion
KW  - Plant roots
KW  - Polysaccharide
N1  - Accession Number: 14581921; Liu, Chongxuan; Email Address: chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Felmy, Andrew 1 Gorby, Yuri 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 38 Issue 1/2, p55; Subject Term: ELECTRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL aggregation; Subject Term: POLYSACCHARIDES; Subject Term: BIOPOLYMERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell wall; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrostatic double layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plant roots; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polysaccharide; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2004.08.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14581921&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mousseau, V.A.
T1  - Implicitly balanced solution of the two-phase flow equations coupled to nonlinear heat conduction
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/10/
VL  - 200
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 104
EP  - 132
SN  - 00219991
AB  - This paper presents the solution of the two-phase flow equations coupled to nonlinear heat conduction using the Jacobian-free Newton–Krylov (JFNK) method which employs a physics-based preconditioner. Computer simulations will demonstrate that the implicitly balanced solution obtained from the JFNK method is more accurate than traditional approaches that employ operator splitting and linearizing. Results will also indicate that by employing a physics-based preconditioner the implicitly balanced solution can provide a more accurate solution for the same amount of computer time compared to the traditional approach for solving these equations. Finally, convergence plots will show that as the transient time lengthens, the implicitly balanced solution can maintain this higher level of accuracy at much larger time steps. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TWO-phase flow
KW  - MULTIPHASE flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - Implicit
KW  - Nonlinear
KW  - Preconditioning
KW  - Two-phase flow
N1  - Accession Number: 14431201; Mousseau, V.A. 1; Email Address: vmss@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 200 Issue 1, p104; Subject Term: TWO-phase flow; Subject Term: MULTIPHASE flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Implicit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preconditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-phase flow; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.03.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14431201&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urquidi, J.
AU  - Benmore, C. J.
AU  - Egelstaff, P. A.
AU  - Guthrie, M.
AU  - McLain, S. E.
AU  - Tulk, C. A.
AU  - Klug, D. D.
AU  - Turner, J. F. C.
T1  - A structural comparison of supercooled water and intermediate density amorphous ices.
JO  - Molecular Physics
JF  - Molecular Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/10/
VL  - 102
IS  - 19/20
M3  - Article
SP  - 2007
EP  - 2014
SN  - 00268976
AB  - New data are presented on neutron diffraction in ultrapure bulk supercooled heavy water measured down to 262 K. The data arc analysed in terms of the trends observed in the first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) parameters, the feature which dominates the measured neutron spectra. The neutron FSDP position, height and width are compared to literature data for supercooled water, water under pressure and to the same parameters obtained for recently discovered intermediate density amorphous ices. It is found that the FSDP parameters in supercooled water and the amorphous ices generally exhibit a similar behaviour, suggesting a new structural regime may occur in deeply, supercooled water below Qo∼1.83 Å-1 (T∼251K) associated with increased intermediate range ordering. It is argued that this structural regime may be linked to a similar trend in the density which appears when the density is plotted as a function of FSDP position. A detailed comparison of the neutron and X-ray structure factors for supercooled water and intermediate density amorphous ices with the same FSDP positions is also made. The diffraction data show that although the overall general structures are qualitatively very similar, the amorphous ice correlations are considerably sharper and extend to much higher radial distances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - CRYOSCOPY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SUPERCOOLED liquids
N1  - Accession Number: 15442406; Urquidi, J. 1,2,3; Email Address: jurquidi@nmsu.edu Benmore, C. J. 1 Egelstaff, P. A. 4 Guthrie, M. 1,5 McLain, S. E. 1,6 Tulk, C. A. 5 Klug, D. D. 7 Turner, J. F. C. 6; Affiliation:  1: IPNS Division, Argonne National Laboralory, Argonne, lL 60439. USA.  2: Department of Physics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.  3: LANSCE-12 Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  4: Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph Ontario Canada, NIG 2WI.  5: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN 37831, USA.  6: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.  7: National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, KOA OR6, Canada.; Source Info: 10/10/2004, Vol. 102 Issue 19/20, p2007; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: CRYOSCOPY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SUPERCOOLED liquids; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/0026897041231292650
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15442406&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alley, W. Edward
AU  - Covello, Paul
AU  - Alder, Berni
T1  - Complex flows by nanohydrodynamics.
JO  - Molecular Physics
JF  - Molecular Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/10/
VL  - 102
IS  - 19/20
M3  - Article
SP  - 2137
EP  - 2139
SN  - 00268976
AB  - The study of complex flows by particle simulations is speeded up over molecular dynamics (MD) by more than two orders of magnitude by employing a stochastic collision dynamics method (DSMC) extended to high density (CBA). As a consequence, a picture generated on a single processor shows the typical features of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability and is in quantitative agreement with the experimentally found long time behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15442445; Alley, W. Edward 1; Email Address: ALLEYI@LLNL.GOV Covello, Paul 1 Alder, Berni 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.; Source Info: 10/10/2004, Vol. 102 Issue 19/20, p2137; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00268970412331292696
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15442445&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutter, P.
AU  - Ernst, W.
AU  - Sutter, E.
T1  - Scanning tunneling microscopy on ultrathin silicon on insulator (100).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 85
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3148
EP  - 3150
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - (100)-oriented ultrathin silicon-on-insulator (SOI) with Si template thickness at or below 10 nm, normally fully depleted due to carrier trapping in surface states, can be made conducting by terminating the surface with monolayer amounts of Ge. With this modification, which preserves the morphology of the surface, imaging with atomic resolution by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) becomes possible. STM imaging is used to demonstrate surface smoothing by a thin (few monolayers) Si buffer at high temperature. Tunneling spectroscopy shows a high sheet resistance of the SOI sample, caused by a partial dewetting of the oxide supported Si template during thermal surface cleaning. High-resolution imaging and spectroscopy by STM will enable studies, at the atomic scale, of technologically relevant processes on ultrathin SOI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - SILICON
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - HIGH temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 14909485; Sutter, P. 1; Email Address: psutter@bnl.gov Ernst, W. 2 Sutter, E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 10/11/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 15, p3148; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1806539
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray, J. L.
AU  - Hull, R.
AU  - Floro, J. A.
T1  - Formation of one-dimensional surface grooves from pit instabilities in annealed SiGe/Si(100) epitaxial films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 85
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3253
EP  - 3255
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Growth of Si0.7Ge0.3 on Si under kinetically limited conditions results in the formation of shallow strain-relieving pits that only partially penetrate the wetting layer. Upon annealing at the growth temperature of 550°C, these pits elongate in one of the <100> directions and obtain near-{105} facets. The length-to-width aspect ratio of the resulting grooves can be as large as 20. Material ejected from the pits accumulates along the sides of the elongated pit forming shallow islands with a shape that exhibits a monotonic dependence on island size, and eventually evolves to {105} facets. We discuss the origins of this roughening behavior, which may provide a route for self-assembly of highly anisotropic quantum nanostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
N1  - Accession Number: 14909450; Gray, J. L. 1; Email Address: jlg9v@virginia.edu Hull, R. 1 Floro, J. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Virginia, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 116 Engineers Way, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4745  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1415; Source Info: 10/11/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 15, p3253; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1801151
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909450&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuchs, R.
AU  - Claro, F.
T1  - Enhanced nonconservative forces between polarizable nanoparticles in a time-dependent electric field.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 85
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 3280
EP  - 3282
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We find the time-averaged force between two polarizable particles in a uniform oscillating electric field. The force is in general noncentral, and if the dielectric function is dissipative, nonconservative. When dielectric surface modes are excited, the magnitude of the force is enhanced and its direction changes in such a way that the lines of force can spiral toward a fixed point, where the force is zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - FORCE & energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14909441; Fuchs, R. 1; Email Address: fuchs@iastate.edu Claro, F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: Faculdad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile; Source Info: 10/11/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 15, p3280; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807022
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909441&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krisch, M.J.
AU  - Reid, M.C.
AU  - McCunn, L.R.
AU  - Butler, L.J.
AU  - Shu, J.
T1  - Photofragment translational spectroscopy of nitric acid at 248 nm with VUV photoionization detection of products
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 397
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 25
SN  - 00092614
AB  - This study examines the 248-nm photodissociation of nitric acid (HNO3) and characterizes the translational energy distribution of the nascent photofragments. Photofragment translational spectroscopy with VUV photoionization detection evidenced one product channel, cleavage of HNO3 to form OH+NO2, and established an upper limit on the contribution from the O+HONO formation channel of 3%. These data contribute an independent measurement to a literature debate regarding the branching between these two channels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NITRIC acid
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14512591; Krisch, M.J. Reid, M.C. 1 McCunn, L.R. 1 Butler, L.J. 1; Email Address: ljb4@midway.uchicago.edu Shu, J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 397 Issue 1-3, p21; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NITRIC acid; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.070
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512591&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patel, Anil
AU  - Bowers, Clifford R.
T1  - Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in optically pumped semiconductors
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 397
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 96
EP  - 100
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Optical pumping enhanced double quantum nuclear spin coherences were detected in bulk GaAs and InP by two-dimensional NMR. The stimulation of the coherences was achieved using a single non-selective resonant RF pulse. This is unusual because stimulation of such coherences from a spin system at thermal equilibrium in high field would normally require a minimum of two pulses. A density matrix analysis, combined with a time-resolved study of the build-up of the double quantum coherence in GaAs, suggests that the enhancement of the double quantum coherence amplitude stems from optical pumping of dipolar nuclear spin order. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - NUCLEAR spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14512605; Patel, Anil 1 Bowers, Clifford R.; Email Address: bowers@chem.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 397 Issue 1-3, p96; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512605&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baccigalpi, C.
AU  - Perrotta, F.
AU  - Zotti, G. De
AU  - Smoot, G. F.
AU  - Burigana, C.
AU  - Maino, D.
AU  - Bedini, L.
AU  - Salerno, E.
T1  - Extracting cosmic microwave background polarization from satellite astrophysical maps.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 354
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 70
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We present the application of the fast independent component analysis (fastica) technique for blind component separation to polarized astrophysical emission. We study how the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarized signal, consisting ofEandBmodes, can be extracted from maps affected by substantial contamination from diffuse Galactic foreground emission and instrumental noise. We implement Monte Carlo chains varying the CMB and noise realizations in order to asses the average capabilities of the algorithm and their variance. We perform the analysis of all-sky maps simulated according to thePlancksatellite capabilities, modelling the sky signal as a superposition of the CMB and of the existing simulated polarization templates of Galactic synchrotron. Our results indicate that the angular power spectrum of CMBEmode can be recovered on all scales up to, corresponding to the fourth acoustic oscillation, while theB-mode power spectrum can be detected, up to its turnover at, if the ratio of tensor to scalar contributions to the temperature quadrupole exceeds 30 per cent. The power spectrum of the cross-correlation between total intensity and polarization,TE, can be recovered up to, corresponding to the seventhTEacoustic oscillation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - PHYSICAL cosmology
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - data analysis - techniques
KW  - image processing - cosmic microwave background
KW  - methods
N1  - Accession Number: 14591785; Baccigalpi, C. 1,2,3; Email Address: bacci@sissa.it Perrotta, F. 1,2,3 Zotti, G. De 1,4 Smoot, G. F. 3 Burigana, C. 5 Maino, D. 6,7 Bedini, L. 8 Salerno, E. 8; Affiliation:  1: SISSA/ISAS, Astrophysics Sector, Via Beirut, 4, I-34014 Trieste, Italy  2: INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Via Valerio 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley; CA 94720, USA  4: INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy  5: ITeSRE-CNR, Via Gobetti, 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy  6: INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G.B. Tiepolo, 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy  7: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Milano, Via Celoria 16, I-20133, Italy  8: IEI-CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy; Source Info: 10/11/2004, Vol. 354 Issue 1, p55; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: PHYSICAL cosmology; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: data analysis - techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: image processing - cosmic microwave background; Author-Supplied Keyword: methods; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08168.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marriner, John
T1  - Stochastic cooling overview
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 18
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The status of stochastic cooling and developments over the years are reviewed with reference to much of the original work. Both theoretical and technological subjects are considered. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - LASER cooling
KW  - METALS -- Quenching
KW  - Beam
KW  - Cooling
KW  - Stochastic
N1  - Accession Number: 14512485; Marriner, John 1; Email Address: marriner@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Kirk and Pine Streets, MS 323, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p11; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: LASER cooling; Subject Term: METALS -- Quenching; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.025
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neuffer, David
T1  - Introduction to muon cooling
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 26
EP  - 31
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We present an overview of the process of ionization cooling, which is useable for cooling muons. In ionization cooling, particles pass through a material medium and lose energy (momentum) through ionization interactions, and this is followed by beam reacceleration in RF cavities. The cooling can be sufficient to enable use of muons in high-intensity neutrino factories or high-luminosity μ+-μ- colliders. The status of μ-cooling research is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Beam cooling
KW  - Colliders
KW  - Neutrino sources
N1  - Accession Number: 14512487; Neuffer, David 1; Email Address: neuffer@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Division, MS 220, Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p26; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colliders; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino sources; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.051
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512487&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ben-Zvi, Ilan
AU  - Brennan, Joseph
AU  - Burrill, Andrew
AU  - Calaga, Rama
AU  - Chang, Xiangyun
AU  - Citver, Gregory
AU  - Hahn, Harald
AU  - Harrison, Michael
AU  - Hershcovitch, Ady
AU  - Jain, Animesh
AU  - Montag, Christoph
AU  - Fedotov, Alexei
AU  - Kewisch, Joerg
AU  - Mackay, William
AU  - McIntyre, Gary
AU  - Pate, David
AU  - Peggs, Stephen
AU  - Rank, Jim
AU  - Roser, Thomas
AU  - Scaduto, Joseph
T1  - R&D towards cooling of the RHIC Collider
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 177
EP  - 183
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We introduce the R&D program for electron-cooling of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. This electron cooler is designed to cool 100 GeV/nucleon bunched-beam ion collider at storage energy using 54 MeV electrons. The electron source will be an RF photocathode gun. The accelerator will be a superconducting energy recovery linac. The frequency of the accelerator is set at 703.75 MHz.The maximum bunch frequency is 28.15 MHz, with bunch charge of 10 nC. The R&D program has the following components: The photoinjector, the superconducting linac, start-to-end beam dynamics with magnetized electrons, electron-cooling calculations and development of a large superconducting solenoid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - Electron-cooling
KW  - Energy-recovery linac
N1  - Accession Number: 14512507; Ben-Zvi, Ilan; Email Address: benzvi@bnl.gov Brennan, Joseph 1 Burrill, Andrew 1 Calaga, Rama 1 Chang, Xiangyun 1 Citver, Gregory 1 Hahn, Harald 1 Harrison, Michael 1 Hershcovitch, Ady 1 Jain, Animesh 1 Montag, Christoph 1 Fedotov, Alexei 1 Kewisch, Joerg 1 Mackay, William 1 McIntyre, Gary 1 Pate, David 1 Peggs, Stephen 1 Rank, Jim 1 Roser, Thomas 1 Scaduto, Joseph 1; Affiliation:  1: C-AD, Brookhaven National Laboratory, MS 817, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p177; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron-cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Energy-recovery linac; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512507&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Chun-xi
AU  - Kim, Kwang-Je
T1  - Beam-envelope theory of ionization cooling
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 260
EP  - 269
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Linear beam-envelope theory of ionization cooling in 6D phase space has been systematically established in the past few years. In this paper, we briefly review the general formalism as well as the specific theories for a quadrupole channel and a bent-solenoidal channel with symmetric focusing. These channels play important roles in the design of cooling channels for the envisioned neutrino factories and muon colliders. The analytical solutions of these channels are relatively simple yet provide good understanding of cooling and heating mechanisms in both transverse and longitudinal phase spaces. Furthermore, the resulting formulae can be used to evaluate cooling channel designs the same way as the radiation integrals are used in storage ring designs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - MUONS
KW  - Beam envelope
KW  - Cooling theory
KW  - Emittance evolution
KW  - Emittance exchange
KW  - Ionization cooling
KW  - Moment equation
KW  - Muon collider
KW  - Neutrino factory
N1  - Accession Number: 14512519; Wang, Chun-xi 1; Email Address: wangcx@aps.anl.gov Kim, Kwang-Je 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: University of Chicago, 5270 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p260; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: MUONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam envelope; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cooling theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emittance evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emittance exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moment equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutrino factory; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.054
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512519&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagaitsev, S.
AU  - Burov, A.
AU  - Carlson, K.
AU  - Dudnikov, V.
AU  - Kramper, B.
AU  - Kroc, T.
AU  - Leibfritz, J.
AU  - McGee, M.
AU  - Saewert, G.
AU  - Schmidt, C.W.
AU  - Shemyakin, A.
AU  - Warner, A.
AU  - Seletsky, S.
AU  - Tupikov, V.
T1  - Status of the Fermilab electron cooling project
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 278
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A prototype of a 4.3-MeV electron cooling system has been assembled at Fermilab as part of the on-going R&D program in high-energy electron cooling. This electron cooler prototype will not demonstrate the actual cooling but it would allow to determine if the electron beam properties are suitable for antiproton beam cooling. An electron beam is accelerated by a 5-MV Pelletron (Van de Graaff type) accelerator and transported to a prototype cooling section. The cooling would take place in a 20-m long solenoid flanked on both sides by supply and return beam-lines—a total of 60 m of transport channel. This paper describes the status of the electron cooling R&D program. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - COOLING
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Electron beam
KW  - Electron cooling
N1  - Accession Number: 14512521; Nagaitsev, S. 1; Email Address: nsergei@fnal.gov Burov, A. 1 Carlson, K. 1 Dudnikov, V. 1 Kramper, B. 1 Kroc, T. 1 Leibfritz, J. 1 McGee, M. 1 Saewert, G. 1 Schmidt, C.W. 1 Shemyakin, A. 1 Warner, A. 1 Seletsky, S. 2 Tupikov, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O.Box 500, MS 307, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA  3: Budker INP, Novosibirsk, Russia; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p275; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron cooling; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.056
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512521&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burov, A.
T1  - Electron-cooling scenarios at Fermilab
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 297
SN  - 01689002
AB  - According to Run II upgrade plans, peak luminosity of the proton–antiproton beams in the Tevatron has to increase 7–8 times in coming years. This requires 5–6 times more antiprotons, which is supposed to be reached by means of electron cooling of accumulated pbars. A main scenario is to apply this in the Recycler (RR). However, there is an alternative, i.e to e-cool pbars in the accumulator, without using RR at all. Advantages and disadvantages of both scenarios are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - COOLING
KW  - Accumulator storage ring
KW  - Electron cooling
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 14512524; Burov, A. 1; Email Address: burov@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p291; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: COOLING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accumulator storage ring; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron cooling; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.104
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512524&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Derbenev, Ya.
T1  - Feasibility of electron cooling and luminosity potentials of colliders
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 312
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Luminosity upgrades of colliders with hadron beams tend to require decreased and maintained beam emittances using a suitable cooling technique. The breakthroughs of recent years: realization of beam energy recovery in superconducting linear accelerators; flat to round beam transformations; and new beam transport concepts (discontinuous solenoid, circulator rings, hollow beams, dispersive cooling); have promoted the feasibility of efficient electron cooling of intense high energy hadron beams. Electron cooling, in cooperation with strong SRF fields in storage rings, will allow one to obtain very short hadron bunches, as result of which the luminosity can be raised by making a low beta-star. Short bunches also would make feasible crab crossing, that allows one to remove the parasitic beam–beam interactions and maximize the collision rate. Cooling also results in flatness of uncoupled beam equilibrium; this can be used to diminish the IBS impact on luminosity. The staged cooling agenda will be discussed and illustrated. Evaluation of these advances leads one to consider that luminosity levels (in units of cm-2s-1) of 1035 in future electron–ion colliders at the hadron energy up to 150 GeV and 1037 in hadron colliders at the energy range 1–7 TeV might be feasible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - COOLING
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 14512527; Derbenev, Ya. 1; Email Address: derbenev@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p307; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512527&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pasquinelli, Ralph J.
T1  - Stochastic cooling technology at Fermilab
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 320
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The first antiproton cooling systems were installed and commissioned at Fermilab in 1984–1985. In the interim period, there have been several major upgrades, system improvements, and complete reincarnation of cooling systems. This paper will present some of the technology that was pioneered at Fermilab to implement stochastic cooling systems in both the Antiproton Source and Recycler accelerators. Current performance data will also be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - Equalizers
KW  - Low noise amplifiers
KW  - Microwave systems
KW  - Stochastic cooling
KW  - Waveguide and patch antennas
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 14512528; Pasquinelli, Ralph J. 1; Email Address: pasquin@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p313; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equalizers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low noise amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microwave systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Waveguide and patch antennas; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.061
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512528&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brennan, J.M.
AU  - Blaskiewicz, M.
AU  - Wei, J.
T1  - Possibilities for stochastic cooling at RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 339
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Intra-Beam Scattering (IBS) is the fundamental performance limitation for RHIC. The emittance growth from IBS determines the ultimate luminosity lifetime and the only cure is cooling. Full-energy electron cooling will be installed to not only control emittance growth but also reduce emittances during a store. Before that, stochastic cooling could increase integrated luminosity by momentum cooling.Two significant benefits would follow; the average luminosity in a 10h store would double, and the problem of coasting beam in the abort gap would be solved. Of course high-frequency bunched beam stochastic cooling is required and previous attempts at this at the TEVATRON and SPS were not successful. It appears that the conditions in the heavy ion collider are more favorable. First, the high charge state of ions gives better signal to noise ratio in the Schottky signal. Second, the anomalous coherent components in the pick up signals that caused saturation in the electronics in previous attempts are greatly reduced. Measurements of Schottky signals from gold beam in RHIC at 100GeV and longitudinal beam transfer functions are presented to illustrate these points. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Collider
KW  - Heavy ion
KW  - Stochastic cooling
N1  - Accession Number: 14512531; Brennan, J.M.; Email Address: brennan@bnl.gov Blaskiewicz, M. 1 Wei, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p335; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heavy ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic cooling; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.113
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512531&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, S.Y.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Ng, K.Y.
T1  - Damping dynamics of optical stochastic cooling
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 340
EP  - 344
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A necessary condition for transverse phase space damping in the optical stochastic cooling (also applicable in the microwave stochastic cooling) with transit-time method for both the longitudinal and transverse damping dynamics is studied. An optimal laser focusing condition for laser-beam interaction in the correction undulator was also obtained. The required laser amplification power can be large for hadron colliders at very high energies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - LASERS
KW  - RADIATION damping
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - Beam cooling
KW  - Beam stability
KW  - Laser-beam interaction
N1  - Accession Number: 14512532; Lee, S.Y. 1; Email Address: shylee@indiana.edu Zhang, Y. 1 Ng, K.Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47401, USA  2: Fermilab, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p340; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: RADIATION damping; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam stability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser-beam interaction; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.063
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512532&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Babzien, M.
AU  - Ben-Zvi, I.
AU  - Pavlishin, I.
AU  - Pogorelsky, I.V.
AU  - Yakimenko, V.E.
AU  - Zholents, A.A.
AU  - Zolotorev, M.S.
T1  - Optical stochastic cooling for RHIC
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 347
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We propose the use of an optical parametric amplifier (OPA), with a - on wavelength for optical stochastic cooling (Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 (1993) 4146; Phys. Rev. E 50 (1994) 3087) of gold ions in the relativistic heavy ion collider. The use of infrared wavelengths in comparison with the visible ensures a higher efficiency interaction of heavy ions withlight in the kicker undulator. The transition to longer wavelength also relaxes the requirements for stability of the path length during ion-beam transport between pickup and kicker. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ATOM-molecule collisions
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14512533; Babzien, M. 1 Ben-Zvi, I.; Email Address: benzvi@bnl.gov Pavlishin, I. 1 Pogorelsky, I.V. 1 Yakimenko, V.E. 1 Zholents, A.A. 2 Zolotorev, M.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Accelerator Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA  2: Accelerator & Fusion Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p345; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ATOM-molecule collisions; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.108
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512533&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Derbenev, Yaroslav
AU  - Johnson, Rolland P.
T1  - Six-dimensional muon beam cooling in a continuous, homogeneous, gaseous hydrogen absorber
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/11/
VL  - 532
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 470
EP  - 473
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The fast reduction of the six-dimensional phase space of muon beams is required for muon colliders and is also of great importance for neutrino factories based on accelerated muon beams. Ionization cooling, where all momentum components are degraded by an energy absorbing material and only the longitudinal momentum is restored by RF cavities, provides a means to quickly reduce transverse beam sizes. However, the beam momentum spread cannot be reduced by this method unless the longitudinal emittance can be transformed or exchanged into the transverse emittance. The best emittance exchange plans up to now have been accomplished by using magnets to disperse the beam along the face of a wedge-shaped absorber such that higher momentum particles pass through thicker parts of the absorber and thus suffer larger ionization energy loss. In the scheme advocated in this paper, it is noted that one can generate a magnetic channel filled with absorber where higher momentum corresponds to a longer path length and therefore larger ionization energy loss. Thus a homogeneous absorber, without any special edge shaping, can provide the desired emittance exchange. An attractive example of a cooling channel based on this principle involves the use of RF cavities filled with a continuous gaseous hydrogen absorber in a magnetic channel composed of a solenoidal field with superimposed helical transverse dipole, quadrupole, and octupole fields. The theory of this helical channel is described to support the analytical prediction of a million-fold reduction in phase space volume in a channel 150 m long. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - Beam
KW  - Gaseous
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Ionization-cooling
KW  - Muon
KW  - Six-dimensional
N1  - Accession Number: 14512556; Derbenev, Yaroslav 1; Email Address: derbenev@jlab.org Johnson, Rolland P. 2; Email Address: roljohn@aol.com; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA  2: Muons, Inc., Batavia, IL, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 1/2, p470; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gaseous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionization-cooling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Six-dimensional; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.085
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512556&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Zuojiang
AU  - Del Cul, Guillermo D.
AU  - Yan, Wenfu
AU  - Liang, Chengdu
AU  - Dai, Sheng
T1  - Fluorinated Carbon with Ordered Mesoporous Structure.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/10/13/
VL  - 126
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 12782
EP  - 1283
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article reports fluorination and structural change of highly ordered mesoporous carbons, which were synthesized by using ordered silica as a template and mesophase pitch as a carbon precursor. The mesoporous and fluorinated carbons with an ordered cubic structure were synthesized. The ordered mesoporous carbon used was synthesized using the ordered silica MCM-48 as a template. The MCM-48 template was synthesized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a structure-directing agent, sodium silicate as a silica source, and tetraethylene glycol dodecyl ether as a modifier.
KW  - FLUORINATION
KW  - HALOGENATION
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SILICA
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - ETHYLENE glycol
N1  - Accession Number: 14799879; Li, Zuojiang 1 Del Cul, Guillermo D. 2 Yan, Wenfu 1 Liang, Chengdu 1 Dai, Sheng 1; Email Address: dais@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831  2: Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831; Source Info: 10/13/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 40, p12782; Subject Term: FLUORINATION; Subject Term: HALOGENATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: ETHYLENE glycol; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Skutnik, J.M.
AU  - Assink, R.A.
AU  - Celina, M.
T1  - High-sensitivity chemical derivatization NMR analysis for condition monitoring of aged elastomers
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/10/13/
VL  - 45
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 7463
EP  - 7469
SN  - 00323861
AB  - An aged polybutadiene-based elastomer was reacted with trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) and subsequently analyzed via 19F NMR spectroscopy. Derivatization between the TFAA and hydroxyl functionalities produced during thermo-oxidative aging was achieved, resulting in the formation of trifluoroester groups on the polymer. Primary and secondary alcohols were confirmed to be the main oxidation products of this material, and the total percent oxidation correlated with data obtained from oxidation rate measurements. The chemical derivatization appears to be highly sensitive and can be used to establish the presence and identity of oxidation products in aged polymeric materials. This methodology represents a novel condition monitoring approach for the detection of chemical changes that are otherwise difficult to analyze. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTOMERS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - POLYBUTADIENE
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - Degradation
KW  - Derivatization
KW  - Elastomers
N1  - Accession Number: 14580160; Skutnik, J.M. 1 Assink, R.A.; Email Address: raassin@sandia.gov Celina, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1411, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 45 Issue 22, p7463; Subject Term: ELASTOMERS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: POLYBUTADIENE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degradation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Derivatization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastomers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08.058
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14580160&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rae, P.J.
AU  - Dattelbaum, D.M.
T1  - The properties of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) in compression
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/10/13/
VL  - 45
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 7615
EP  - 7625
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Samples of DuPont 7A and 7C Teflon (PTFE, poly(tetrafluoroethylene)) were tested in compression at strain-rates between 10-4 and 1s-1 and temperatures between -198 and 200°C. Additionally, using a Split-Hopkinson pressure bar, a temperature compression series was undertaken between -100 and 150°C at a strain rate of 3200s-1. To investigate the small-strain response, strain gauges were used to measure axial and transverse strain allowing the Poisson ratio to be quantified. As expected, the mechanical properties were found to be strongly affected by strain-rate and temperature. Moduli were found by several methods and the trend, with respect to temperature, lends weight to the suggestion that the glass-transition temperature of PTFE is ≉-100°C. The physical properties of the sintered PTFE were measured and the crystallinities measured by several techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYTEF
KW  - FLUOROCARBONS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - ISOSTATIC pressing
KW  - 62.20.Dc
N1  - Accession Number: 14580176; Rae, P.J.; Email Address: prae@lanl.gov Dattelbaum, D.M. 1; Email Address: danadat@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Dynamics, DX-2, MS-P952, Los Alamos, NM 85745, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 45 Issue 22, p7615; Subject Term: POLYTEF; Subject Term: FLUOROCARBONS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: ISOSTATIC pressing; Author-Supplied Keyword: 62.20.Dc; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08.064
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Louis, W.C.
T1  - Near Future Accelerator-Based Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 28
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This report covers accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments that will be conducted in the near future: the MiniBooNE short-baseline experiment at FNAL, the MINOS long-baseline experiment at FNAL/SOUDAN, and the OPERA and ICARUS long-baseline experiments at CERN/Gran Sasso. The results from these experiments will help provide answers to fundamental questions in neutrino physics. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RESEARCH
N1  - Accession Number: 14700557; Louis, W.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p20; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RESEARCH; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818373
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zisman, Michael S.
T1  - Neutrino Factory R&D in the U.S.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 67
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report here on the technical progress and R&D plans of the U.S. Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration. Programs in targetry, cooling, acceleration, and simulations are covered. U.S. activities in support of the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) are also described. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering
KW  - NUCLEAR research
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14700553; Zisman, Michael S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Accelerator & Fusion Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p60; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR research; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818377
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fernow, Richard C.
T1  - Overview of Neutrino Factory Simulations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 90
EP  - 96
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We give a brief overview of recent simulation activities on the design of neutrino factories. Simulation work is ongoing on many aspects of a potential facility, including proton drivers, pion collection and decay channels, phase rotation, ionization cooling, and muon accelerators. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 14700549; Fernow, Richard C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p90; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818381
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700549&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bross, Alan D.
T1  - MuCool Results and Plans.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 105
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent results from the MuCool Collaboration’s R&D program are described along with plans for the coming year. The MuCool collaboration consists of physicists and engineers from 18 institutions in the US, Europe, and Japan. Its mission is to design, prototype, and test all components of a muon ionization cooling channel with a goal to have the technique operationally established by the end of the decade. A detailed engineering design and well-formulated cost of the channel would then be available as input for a construction decision for a Neutrino Factory. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICISTS
KW  - ENGINEERS
KW  - INTELLECTUAL cooperation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14700548; Bross, Alan D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p97; Subject Term: PHYSICISTS; Subject Term: ENGINEERS; Subject Term: INTELLECTUAL cooperation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818382
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700548&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Gouveêa, André
T1  - Natural Expectations for the Value of |Ue3|?
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 175
EP  - 178
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The discovery of neutrino masses has presented the theoretical physics community two interesting puzzles. One is the origin of the (very tiny) neutrino masses themselves, and the other is related to understanding why leptonic mixing is very “different” from quark mixing. Several different attempts which make use of several different grand-unified and/or family symmetries are well-documented and all explain the current data. They do differ, however, on what is predicted for the still-to-be-measured |Ue3| element of the leptonic mixing matrix. More importantly (in my opinion), I’ll advocate that measuring |Ue3| will help indicate whether there is indeed a hint for “symmetry” in the leptonic mixing matrix, or whether it is consistent with a random unitary matrix. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14700539; de Gouveêa, André 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3112, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL, 60510-0500, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p175; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818391
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700539&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kahn, Stephen
T1  - BNL Very Long Baseline Experiment With a Super Neutrino Beam.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 242
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An upgrade to the BNL AGS could produce a very intense proton source at a relatively low cost. This proton source could produce a conventional neutrino beam with a very significant flux at large distances from the laboratory. In this paper we examine the possibility of using this neutrino beam for a very long baseline oscillation experiment where a 500 kiloton water Cherenkov detector is situated at the Homestake mine in South Dakota. We study the physics potential of a high intensity neutrino oscillation experiment with a 2540 km baseline and a peak neutrino energy of ∼1 GeV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14700524; Kahn, Stephen 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p239; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818406
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700524&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abazajian, Kevork
T1  - The Cosmological Energy Density of Neutrinos from Oscillation Measurements.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 256
EP  - 260
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The emerging structure of the neutrino mass matrix, when combined with the primordial element abundances, places the most stringent constraint on the flavor asymmetries in the cosmological neutrino background and therefore its energy density. I review the mechanism of synchronized neutrino oscillations in the an early universe with degenerate (asymmetric) neutrino and antineutrino densities and the implications of refined measurements of neutrino parameters. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14700520; Abazajian, Kevork 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p256; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818410
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700520&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mu-Chun Chen
AU  - Mahanthappa, K.T.
T1  - An Overview of Neutrino Masses and Mixing in SO(10) Models.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 272
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We review in this talk various SUSY SO(10) models. Specifically, we discuss how small neutrino masses are generated in and generic predictions of different SO(10) models. A comparison of the predictions of these models for sin2θ13 is given. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - QUANTUM statistics
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14700517; Mu-Chun Chen 1 Mahanthappa, K.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: HET Group, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p269; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM statistics; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818413
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700517&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Gouveêa, André
T1  - Theoretical Aspects of Charged-Lepton Flavor Violation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 280
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - With the discovery of neutrino masses, it is clear that lepton-flavor is no longer a conserved quantity. This means that charged-lepton flavor violating processes (CLFV) including rare muon and tau decays (e.g. μ → eγ, τ → μe+e-) are, in principle, observable. I review some phenomenological aspects of CLFV (concentrating on rare muon processes) and briefly discuss a few Standard Model extensions that predict a “large” rate for CLFV. In several of these extensions there are deep relations between the physics that generates neutrino masses and mixing and CLFV. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MUONS -- Decay
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14700516; de Gouveêa, André 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3112, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Department, Fermilab. P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL, 60510-0500, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p275; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MUONS -- Decay; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818414
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700516&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paul, K.
AU  - Johnstone, C.
T1  - Preliminary Optimization of the Pion Capture and Decay Channel.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 329
EP  - 333
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A preliminary study of the pion decay channel in the US neutrino factory design has been completed, assuming a 1 MW beam of 16 GeV protons incident on the graphite target described in the first neutrino factory feasibility study. Preliminary data suggests that improvements in adiabaticity and increased field strength in the decay channel can increase muon yields as much as 20%, and possible more. The data also suggests that the muon beam can possibly be captured into a smaller emittance if a higher field strength is used in the decay channel solenoids. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIONS
KW  - MESONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - STRANGE particles
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 14700503; Paul, K. 1 Johnstone, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p329; Subject Term: PIONS; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: STRANGE particles; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818427
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700503&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reimer, P.E.
T1  - DIS-Parity: Measuring sin2 (θW) with Parity Violating Deep Inelastic Scattering.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 371
EP  - 374
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) parity violation, arising from the interference between the electromagnetic and weak neutral currents, offers a unique opportunity to study the Electro-weak Standard Model. In the Standard Model, this parity violation measures sin2 (θW). An experiment is presented to measure the DIS parity violating asymmetry on a deuterium target at a Q2 near that of the NuTeV measurement (which shows a three standard deviation discrepancy with the Standard Model). The experiment’s sensitivity to the Standard Model couplings C1q and C2q is also discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEEP inelastic collisions
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - DEUTERIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14700493; Reimer, P.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p371; Subject Term: DEEP inelastic collisions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818437
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fleming, B.T.
T1  - Working Group 2: Neutrino Scattering Physics.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 384
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Presentations from the neutrino scattering talks from working group two (WG2), summarized here, were presented at the Neutrino Factory Workshop, 2003. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 14700491; Fleming, B.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p379; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818439
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700491&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kahn, S.
AU  - Fernow, R.
AU  - Balbekov, V.
AU  - Raja, R.
AU  - Usubov, Z.
T1  - Tetra Muon Cooling Ring.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 387
EP  - 390
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Recent simulations have shown that muon cooling rings can effectively reduce both longitudinal and transverse emittance. The muon collaboration is investigating several varieties of muon cooling rings. This study looks at the first of these ring cooling scenarios that was proposed by V. Balbekov. This simulation of this ring shows significant cooling in the hardedge field approximation. We discuss the status of using realistic fields in the tetra simulation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14700490; Kahn, S. 1 Fernow, R. 1 Balbekov, V. 2 Raja, R. 2 Usubov, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p387; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818440
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700490&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berg, J.S.
AU  - Fernow, R.C.
AU  - Gallardo, J.C.
AU  - Palmer, R.B.
T1  - RFOFO Cooling Ring: Simulation Results.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 391
EP  - 394
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Practical cooling rings could lead to lower cost or improved performance in neutrino factory or muon collider designs. The ring modeled here uses realistic 3-dimensional fields and includes such “real-world” effects as windows on the absorbers and RF cavities and leaving empty lattice cells for injection and extraction. The ring increases the density of muons in a fixed acceptance volume by a factor of 4.2. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
KW  - NUCLEAR engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14700489; Berg, J.S. 1 Fernow, R.C. 1 Gallardo, J.C. 1 Palmer, R.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p391; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; Subject Term: NUCLEAR engineering; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818441
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700489&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fukui, Yasuo
AU  - Cline, David
AU  - Garren, Alper
AU  - Kirk, Harold
T1  - A Muon Ring Cooler with Lithium Lenses.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 398
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We designed a muon cooling ring with straight inserts with Lithium lenses and injection and extraction, and we demonstrated the transverse phase space cooling of muon beam in the ring with a tracking simulation code with hard-edged magnetic elements. The muon coling ring can provide the final transverse muon cooling for a Higgs Factory, a low energy version of a μ+μ- collider. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - COOLING
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 14700488; Fukui, Yasuo 1 Cline, David 1 Garren, Alper 1 Kirk, Harold 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CA 90095, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p395; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818442
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700488&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neuffer, David
T1  - “High Frequency” Buncher and Phase Rotation.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 407
EP  - 412
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A scenario for capture, bunching and phase-energy rotation of μ’s from a proton source is explored. It requires a drift section, a bunching section and a [lowercase_phi_synonym]-δE rotation section. The rf frequency changes along the transport in order to form the μ’s into a train of equal-energy bunches suitable for cooling and acceleration. Optimization and variations are discussed. The concept can operate in a wide range of rf frequencies and bunch train lengths. It also can simultaneously capture positive and negative muons. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - MUONS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
N1  - Accession Number: 14700485; Neuffer, David 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia IL 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p407; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818445
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700485&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berz, M.
AU  - Makino, K.
AU  - Johnstone, C.J.
T1  - Propagation of a Large-emittance Muon Beam through a Straight, Quadrupole-based Precooling Channel.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
EP  - 417
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A straight quadrupole channel that was originally developed to precool the transverse dimensions of a large-emittance muon beam has demonstrated efficient cooling across a large momentum range, from about 150 to over 500 MeV/c. A full simulation of the channel has been performed and previously reported using the transfer-map based code COSY INFINITY, which includes representative fringe field effects for large-aperture quadrupoles. In this paper, particle distributions derived from upstream systems designed for either a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider are matched and propagated through this channel to ultimately determine its feasibility as a precooling stage for either facility. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC theory
KW  - PRECOOLING
N1  - Accession Number: 14700484; Berz, M. 1 Makino, K. 2 Johnstone, C.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p413; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC theory; Subject Term: PRECOOLING; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818446
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700484&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balbekov, V.
T1  - Bunch Production for a Muon Collider.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 428
EP  - 431
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Production of a short high-intensity bunch for a μ+μ- collider is considered. The system designed and simulated includes: 24 GeV proton driver; jet mercury target; 30 m phase rotation channel; bunch compressor based on a ring cooler with an intensive emittance exchange; RFOFO ring cooler for 6D cooling; linear Li lens channel for final transverse cooling. The cooled muon bunch contains about 0.046 muons per incident proton at transverse and longitudinal emittance 0.48 mm and 12 mm. Total merit factor of the system is of order 104. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
N1  - Accession Number: 14700481; Balbekov, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p428; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818449
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700481&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogacz, S.A.
T1  - Optimized Beam Optics for Muon Acceleration.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
EP  - 454
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A conceptual design of a Ring Cooler driven muon acceleration based on recirculating superconducting linacs is proposed. In the presented scenario, acceleration starts after ionization cooling at 250 MeV/c and proceeds to 20 GeV, where the beam is injected into a neutrino factory storage ring. The key technical issues are addressed; such as: the choice of acceleration technology (superconducting versus normal conducting) and the choice of RF frequency, and finally, implementation of the overall acceleration scheme: capture, acceleration, transport and preservation of large phase space of fast decaying species. Beam transport issues for large-momentum-spread beams are accommodated by appropriate lattice design choices. The proposed arc optics is further optimized with a sextupole correction to suppress chromatic effects contributing to emittance dilution. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BEAM optics
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
N1  - Accession Number: 14700476; Bogacz, S.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Studies of Accelerators, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p449; Subject Term: BEAM optics; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818454
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700476&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Summers, D.J.
AU  - Garren, A.A.
AU  - Berg, J.S.
AU  - Palmer, R.B.
T1  - A Pulsed Synchrotron for Muon Acceleration at a Neutrino Factory.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 463
EP  - 466
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A 4600 Hz pulsed synchrotron is considered as a means of accelerating cool muons with superconducting RF cavities from 4 to 20 GeV/c for a neutrino factory. Eddy current losses are held to less than a megawatt by the low machine duty cycle plus 100 micron thick grain oriented silicon steel laminations and 250 micron diameter copper wires. Combined function magnets with 20 T/m gradients alternating within single magnets form the lattice. Muon survival is 83%. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - MUONS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - NUCLEAR facilities
N1  - Accession Number: 14700474; Summers, D.J. 1 Garren, A.A. 2 Berg, J.S. 3 Palmer, R.B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Mississippi—Oxford, University, MS 38677  2: Dept. of Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p463; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818456
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700474&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koscielniak, Shane
AU  - Johnstone, C.J.
T1  - Nonlinear Acceleration Modes in FFAGs with Fixed RF.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 721
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 467
EP  - 474
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A signature of fixed-field acceleration is that the orbit of the beam centroid unavoidably changes with energy, resulting in a phase slip of the particle beam relative to a fixed-frequency accelerating waveform. The present work explores the influence of the fixed points and of rf manipulations on the longitudinal dynamics in FFAGs with path-length dependencies on kinetic energy; emphasis is given to quadratic dependence as occurs in a type of accelerator currently proposed for rapid acceleration of muons. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - RADIO measurements
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14700473; Koscielniak, Shane 1 Johnstone, C.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 2A3, Canada  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 721 Issue 1, p467; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: RADIO measurements; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818457
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14700473&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ljubičić, A.
AU  - Kekez, D.
AU  - Krečak, Z.
AU  - Ljubičić, T.
T1  - Search for hadronic axions using axioelectric effect
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 599
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
EP  - 147
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Abstract: We made a search for hadronic axions which could be emitted from the Sun in M1 transitions between the first 14.4 keV thermally excited and the ground state in 57Fe, and absorbed in the HPGe detector by axioelectric effect. An upper limit on hadronic axion mass of 400 eV is obtained at the 95% confidence level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AXIONS
KW  - BOSONS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - Axioelectric effect
KW  - Hadronic axions search
KW  - Solar axions
N1  - Accession Number: 19296248; Ljubičić, A. 1 Kekez, D. 1; Email Address: kekez@lei.irb.hr Krečak, Z. 1 Ljubičić, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 599 Issue 3/4, p143; Subject Term: AXIONS; Subject Term: BOSONS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Axioelectric effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hadronic axions search; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solar axions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.08.038
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19296248&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albright, Carl H.
T1  - Normal vs. inverted hierarchy in type I seesaw models
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/10/14/
VL  - 599
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 285
EP  - 293
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Abstract: We demonstrate that, for every grand unified model based on a conventional type I seesaw mechanism leading to a normal light neutrino mass hierarchy, one can easily generate a corresponding model with an inverted hierarchy which yields the same neutrino oscillation parameters. However, the latter type model has several unattractive instabilities which will disfavor any grand unified type I seesaw model, if an inverted neutrino mass hierarchy is observed experimentally. This should be contrasted with the softly-broken –– flavor symmetry models which are eliminated, if the data favors a normal mass hierarchy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINO mass
KW  - ATOMIC mass
KW  - SYMMETRY
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - 12.60.Jv
KW  - 14.60.Pq
N1  - Accession Number: 19296264; Albright, Carl H. 1,2; Email Address: albright@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 599 Issue 3/4, p285; Subject Term: NEUTRINO mass; Subject Term: ATOMIC mass; Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Author-Supplied Keyword: 14.60.Pq; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.08.050
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19296264&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kellogg, R.A.
AU  - Russell, A.M.
AU  - Lograsso, T.A.
AU  - Flatau, A.B.
AU  - Clark, A.E.
AU  - Wun-Fogle, M.
T1  - Tensile properties of magnetostrictive iron–gallium alloys
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 52
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 5043
EP  - 5050
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Abstract: Iron–gallium alloys can produce magnetostrictions of ∼400 ppm and might function as mechanically robust actuator/sensing materials. Single crystal specimens of Fe-17 at.% Ga were tested in tension at room temperature. Specimens with a [110] tensile axis orientation exhibited {110}〈111〉 slip and an ultimate tensile strength of 580 MPa through 1.6% elongation. The Young’s modulus was 160 GPa in the loading direction with a Poisson’s ratio of −0.37 on the (100) major face. A specimen with a [100] tensile axis orientation exhibited {211}〈111〉 slip and discontinuous yielding. A maximum tensile strength of 515 MPa was observed with fracture occurring after 2% elongation. The Young’s modulus was 65 GPa in the loading direction with a Poisson’s ratio of 0.45 on the (001) major face. A sizeable elastic anisotropy of 19.9 was identified for Fe-27.2 at.% Ga accompanied by a Poisson’s ratio of −0.75 to produce a large in-plane auxetic behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALLIUM alloys
KW  - IRON
KW  - MAGNETOSTRICTION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Auxetic
KW  - Elastic behavior
KW  - Iron alloys
KW  - Magnetostriction
KW  - Slip
N1  - Accession Number: 19303148; Kellogg, R.A. 1; Email Address: rakello@sandia.gov Russell, A.M. 2,3 Lograsso, T.A. 2,3 Flatau, A.B. 4 Clark, A.E. 5 Wun-Fogle, M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA  3: Ames Laboratory of the US Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA  4: Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, USA  5: Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA  6: Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, Code 645, W. Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 52 Issue 17, p5043; Subject Term: GALLIUM alloys; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTRICTION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Auxetic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetostriction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slip; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.07.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19303148&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinn, John
AU  - Judd, O’Dean P.
AU  - ReVelle, Douglas O.
T1  - ‘Erratum to “Leonid meteor ablation, energy exchange, and trail morphology” [Adv. Space Res. 33(9), 1466–1474, 2004]’
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 34
IS  - 8
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 1839
EP  - 1839
SN  - 02731177
N1  - Accession Number: 14892168; Zinn, John; Email Address: jzinn@lanl.gov Judd, O’Dean P. 1 ReVelle, Douglas O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Nis-1 TA-3 Bldg 1888, Bikini Atoll Road, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 34 Issue 8, p1839; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2003.04.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14892168&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, Christopher D.
AU  - Jacobson, Stephen C.
AU  - Ramsey, J. Michael
T1  - Strategy for Repetitive Pinched Injections on a Microfluidic Device.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6053
EP  - 6057
SN  - 00032700
AB  - A microfluidic valve was fabricated with a cross intersection and two tee intersections in close proximity and evaluated for repetitive pinched injections. Electrokinetic forces were used to mobilize the sample and control diffusive transport at a cross intersection to produce sample plugs of short axial extent in an analysis channel similar to the standard pinched valve. The addition of a tee intersection in the sample channel maintained the sample close to the injection valve under "pullback" conditions allowing more rapid loading into the cross intersection. A second tee intersection allowed unidirectional transport in the analysis channel enabling loading of subsequent injections during an analysis. The two tee intersections were each located 80 μm from the cross intersection. Injection frequencies of 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 Hz were tested with a duty cycle of 0.5 for sample loading and dispensing. With 1 kV applied to the microchip during dispensing, the relative standard deviation of the peak areas for 15 injections was 1.6%. The peak width (4σ) for the repetitive injections increased from 71 to 96 μm compared to a standard pinched injection due to the presence of the tee intersection in the analysis channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADMINISTRATION of drugs
KW  - INJECTIONS
KW  - ELECTROKINETICS
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - MICROINJECTIONS
KW  - MEDICAL equipment
N1  - Accession Number: 14893871; Thomas, Christopher D. 1 Jacobson, Stephen C. 1 Ramsey, J. Michael 1; Email Address: jmramsey@mail.unc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142.; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 20, p6053; Subject Term: ADMINISTRATION of drugs; Subject Term: INJECTIONS; Subject Term: ELECTROKINETICS; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: MICROINJECTIONS; Subject Term: MEDICAL equipment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac035475y
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14893871&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lobscheid, Agnes B.
AU  - McKone, Thomas E.
T1  - Constraining uncertainties about the sources and magnitude of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in ambient air: the state of Minnesota as a case study
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 5501
EP  - 5515
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Emissions data are often lacking or uncertain for many airborne contaminants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from combustion sources fall into this category. Currently available ambient-air emission inventories of PAHs either fail to account for population-based activities, such as residential wood combustion (RWC) and motor vehicle (MV) activity, and/or report “total PAH” or particulate organic matter emissions, instead of individual compound emissions. We assess the degree of overlap between predicted concentrations from estimated emissions with measured concentrations. Our analysis is based on probabilistic analysis of measured outdoor air concentrations with those predicted from mass-balance models. Based on available information, we estimate the relative magnitude of emissions from three major sources of PAHs to outdoor air: (1) on-road MVs, including light-duty gasoline vehicles and diesel-powered buses and medium and heavy-duty trucks; (2) RWC; and (3) power generation from external combustion boilers. We use the CalTOX regional multimedia mass-balance model to evaluate our emissions estimates in rural and urban regions of the state of Minnesota, USA. We compare model estimates of outdoor PAH airborne concentrations with those reported by the Minnesota Children''s Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES). With these measured concentrations we probabilistically evaluate the reliability of our emissions estimates for specific PAHs. The median estimates of our predicted outdoor air concentrations agree within an order of magnitude of measured concentrations. For four representative PAHs, we obtain a reasonable degree of overlap between empirical and predicted distributions of outdoor air concentrations. Our combination of models, emissions estimates, and empirical concentration data estimate exposure in a manner that is more reliable than any of these tools alone. Thereby, we increase our confidence about our plausible ranges of emissions and predicted concentrations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - Diesel fuel motor vehicles
KW  - Emissions inventory
KW  - External combustion boilers
KW  - Gasoline motor vehicles
KW  - Residential wood combustion
N1  - Accession Number: 14373641; Lobscheid, Agnes B.; Email Address: ablobscheid@lbl.gov McKone, Thomas E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 38 Issue 33, p5501; Subject Term: POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diesel fuel motor vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emissions inventory; Author-Supplied Keyword: External combustion boilers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gasoline motor vehicles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residential wood combustion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.06.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Higgins, James A.
AU  - Nasarabadi, Shanavaz
AU  - Karns, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Shelton, Daniel R.
AU  - Cooper, Mary
AU  - Gbakima, Aiah
AU  - Koopman, Ronald P.
T1  - Corrigendum to “A handheld real time thermal cycler for bacterial pathogen detection” [Biosens. Bioelectron. 18 (2003) 1115–1123]
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 663
EP  - 664
SN  - 09565663
N1  - Accession Number: 14716190; Higgins, James A. 1; Email Address: jhiggins@anri.barc.usda.gov Nasarabadi, Shanavaz 2 Karns, Jeffrey S. 1 Shelton, Daniel R. 1 Cooper, Mary 3 Gbakima, Aiah 4 Koopman, Ronald P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Animal Waste Pathogen Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Room 202, Building 173, 10300 Baltimore, Boulevard, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  3: USDA-APHIS National Veterinary Services Laboratory, 1800 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA  4: Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p663; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.bios.2002.10.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torgersen, T.
AU  - Kennedy, B.M.
AU  - van Soest, M.C.
T1  - Diffusive separation of noble gases and noble gas abundance patterns in sedimentary rocks
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 226
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 477
EP  - 489
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - The mechanisms responsible for noble gas concentrations, abundance patterns and strong retentivity in sedimentary lithologies remain poorly explained. Diffusion-controlled fractionation of noble gases is modeled and examined as an explanation for the absolute and relative abundances of noble gases observed in sediments. Since the physical properties of the noble gases are strong functions of atomic mass, the individual diffusion coefficients, adsorption coefficients and atomic radii combine to impede heavy noble gas (Xe) diffusion relative to light noble gas (Ne) diffusion. Filling of lithic grains/half-spaces by diffusive processes thus produces Ne enrichments in the early and middle stages of the process with F(Ne) values similar to that observed in volcanic glasses. Emptying lithic grains/half-spaces produces a Xe-enriched residual in the late (but not final) stages of the process producing F(Xe) values similar to that observed in shales. ‘Exotic …but unexceptional’ shales that exhibit both F(Ne) and F(Xe) enrichments can be produced by incomplete emptying followed by incomplete filling. This mechanism is consistent with literature-reported noble gas abundance patterns but may still require a separate mechanism for strong retention. A system of labyrinths-with-constrictions and/or C- and Si-nanotubes when combined with simple adsorption can result in stronger diffusive separation and nonsteady-state enrichments that persist for longer times. Enhanced adsorption to multiple C atoms inside C-nanotubes as well as dangling functional groups closing the ends of nanotubes can provide potential mechanisms for ‘strong retention’. We need new methods of examining noble gases in rocks to determine the role and function of angstrom-scale structures in both the diffusive enrichment process and the ‘strong retention’ process for noble gas abundances in terrestrial rocks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GASES
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - TUBES
KW  - STRUCTURAL shells
KW  - abundance
KW  - diffusion
KW  - noble gases
KW  - Sedimentary rocks
N1  - Accession Number: 14648392; Torgersen, T.; Email Address: Thomas.Torgersen@uconn.edu Kennedy, B.M. 1 van Soest, M.C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Isotope Geochemistry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 226 Issue 3/4, p477; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: TUBES; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL shells; Author-Supplied Keyword: abundance; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: noble gases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sedimentary rocks; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.07.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Wiens, Roger C.
AU  - Bochsler, Peter
AU  - Burnett, Donald S.
AU  - Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert F.
T1  - Erratum to “Solar and solar-wind isotopic compositions” [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 224 (2004) 697–712]
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 226
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 547
EP  - 547
SN  - 0012821X
N1  - Accession Number: 14648398; Wiens, Roger C. 1; Email Address: rwiens@lanl.gov Bochsler, Peter 2 Burnett, Donald S. 3 Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Space and Atmospheric Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop D-466, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  3: Department of Geology, Mail Stop 100-23, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  4: Institut fuer Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, University of Kiel, Leibnizstrasse 11, D-24118 Kiel, Germany; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 226 Issue 3/4, p547; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abraham, Daniel P.
AU  - Poppen, Steven D.
AU  - Jansen, Andrew N.
AU  - Liu, Jun
AU  - Dees, Dennis W.
T1  - Application of a lithium–tin reference electrode to determine electrode contributions to impedance rise in high-power lithium-ion cells
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 49
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 4763
EP  - 4775
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Abstract: A reference electrode based on a lithium–tin alloy was used to study electrode potential change during hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements on lithium-ion cells. The cells contained a LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2-based positive electrode, a graphite-based negative electrode, and a LiPF6-bearing ethylene carbonate: ethyl methyl carbonate (EC:EMC) electrolyte. The cells were prepared and tested in an argon-atmosphere glove box to minimize the impact of moisture and oxygen. The reference electrode was prepared from a 25μm-diameter, tin-coated copper wire; in situ lithiation produced a LixSn (x ∼ 4.4) alloy that displayed a relatively stable voltage at room temperature. The impedance data obtained from these measurements were reproducible and self-consistent. Data from cells aged at 55°C showed that the positive electrode impedance increase was the main contributor to cell impedance rise, especially during the first month of aging. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - CELLS
KW  - BIOLOGY
KW  - OVUM
KW  - Aging
KW  - Impedance
KW  - Lithium–tin
KW  - Lithium-ion
KW  - Reference-electrode
N1  - Accession Number: 18656825; Abraham, Daniel P.; Email Address: abraham@cmt.anl.gov Poppen, Steven D. 1 Jansen, Andrew N. 1 Liu, Jun 1 Dees, Dennis W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 49 Issue 26, p4763; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Subject Term: OVUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium–tin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reference-electrode; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.05.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kafesaki, M.
AU  - Soukoulis, C. M.
AU  - Agio, M.
T1  - Losses and transmission in two-dimensional slab photonic crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4033
EP  - 4038
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Using a three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method, we present an extensive study of the losses in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals patterned in step-index waveguides. We examine the origin of these losses and their dependence on the various system parameters such as the filling ratio, the lattice constant, the shape of the holes, and the propagation direction. Furthermore, we examine the possibility of studying these losses using an approximate 2D model; the validity and limitations of such a model are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTAL lattices
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14604148; Kafesaki, M. 1,2; Email Address: kafcsaki@icsl.forth.gr Soukoulis, C. M. 1 Agio, M. 2,3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011  3: INFM-Dipartimento di Fisica “A. Volta,” Universitá degli Studi di Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 8, p4033; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL lattices; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berryman, James G.
T1  - Bounds on elastic constants for random polycrystals of laminates.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4281
EP  - 4287
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A well-known result due to Hill provides an exact expression for the bulk modulus of any multicomponent elastic composite whenever the constituents are isotropic and the shear modulus is uniform throughout. Although no precise analog of Hill’s result is available for the opposite case of uniform bulk modulus and varying shear modulus, it is shown here that some similar statements can be made for shear behavior of random polycrystals composed of laminates of isotropic materials. In particular, the Hashin-Shtrikman-type bounds of Peselnick, Meister, and Watt for random polycrystals composed of hexagonal (transversely isotropic) grains are applied to the problem of polycrystals of laminates. An exact product formula relating the Reuss estimate of bulk modulus and an effective shear modulus (of laminated grains composing the system) to products of the eigenvalues for quasicompressional and quasiuniaxial shear eigenvectors also plays an important role in the analysis of the overall shear behavior of the random polycrystal. When the bulk modulus is uniform in such a system, the equations are shown to reduce to a simple form that depends prominently on the uniaxial shear eigenvalue—as expected from physical arguments concerning the importance of uniaxial shear in these systems. Applications of the analytical results presented here include benchmarking of numerical procedures used for studying elastic behavior of complex composites, and estimating coefficients needed in upscaled equations for elasticity and/or poroelasticity of heterogeneous systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - HILL determinant
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - INHOMOGENEOUS materials
KW  - ELASTICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14604112; Berryman, James G. 1; Email Address: berryman1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808 L-200, Livermore, California 94551-9900; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 8, p4281; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: HILL determinant; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: INHOMOGENEOUS materials; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1789277
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jacobsohn, L. G.
AU  - Hawley, M. E.
AU  - Cooke, D. W.
AU  - Hundley, M. F.
AU  - Thompson, J. D.
AU  - Schulze, R. K.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles by ion implantation and effects of postimplantation annealing.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4444
EP  - 4450
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A study of the synthesis of Co nanoparticles by ion implantation and the effects of postimplantation annealing was carried out. Silica was implanted with 35 keV Co+ ion beams to doses ranging from 8×1015 to 1×1017 atoms/cm2. Nanoparticle size, distribution, and structure were ascertained via transmission electron microscopy measurements, which reveal the presence of spherical nanoparticles in both as-implanted and annealed samples. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show the chemical state of the nanoparticles in both as-implanted and annealed samples to be metallic. Temperature-dependent field-cooled and zero-field-cooled, susceptibility measurements indicated superparamagnetic behavior, which is analyzed by accounting for the size dispersion of the nanoparticles. Results showed that the magnetic properties of the specimen can be tailored by implantation conditions. Annealing in vacuum at 900 °C for up to 10 h leads to an increase of the average nanoparticle size and a broader size distribution. Mie scattering and magnetic force microscopy measurements provide evidence of a strong interaction among the nanoparticles in the annealed samples. The feasibility of obtaining small-dispersion size-controlled synthesis of Co nanoparticles at room temperature is illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COBALT
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14604052; Jacobsohn, L. G. 1; Email Address: lgjacob@lanl.gov Hawley, M. E. 1 Cooke, D. W. 1 Hundley, M. F. 1 Thompson, J. D. 1 Schulze, R. K. 1 Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 8, p4444; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787143
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guslienko, K. Yu.
AU  - Novosad, V.
T1  - Vortex state stability in soft magnetic cylindrical nanodots.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4451
EP  - 4455
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The stability of the vortex magnetization state in circular cylindrical soft magnetic dots is calculated analytically and by micromagnetic simulations. For the cases considered the dot thickness is comparable to the material exchange length and dot radii are in the submicron range. The equation for the vortex magnetization distribution is analyzed taking exact account of the magnetostatic field inside dot. The limitations and applicability of a previously proposed “exchange-dominated” vortex ansatz are discussed. It is shown that for the transition from the vortex to perpendicular single-domain state the magnetization distribution changes continuously while retaining the axial symmetry. The zero-field critical line of the transition is calculated analytically as a function of dot size and is compared with micromagnetic simulations of the vortex magnetization profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VORTEX motion
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 14604087; Guslienko, K. Yu. 1; Email Address: gusliyenko@anl.gov Novosad, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 8, p4451; Subject Term: VORTEX motion; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1793327
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - He, X.
AU  - DebRoy, T.
AU  - Fuerschbach, P. W.
T1  - Composition change of stainless steel during microjoining with short laser pulse.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4547
EP  - 4555
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Weld metal composition change in 200 μm deep, 304 stainless steel microjoints fabricated using millisecond long Nd-YAG laser pulses was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The variables studied were pulse duration and power density. After welding, concentrations of iron, manganese, chromium, and nickel were determined at various locations of the microjoint using the electron microprobe analysis. The temperature field was simulated as a function of time from a well-tested three-dimensional transient heat transfer and fluid flow model. Using the computed temperature fields, vaporization rates of various alloying elements resulting from both concentration and pressure driven transport of vapors and the resultant composition change of the alloy were calculated. The calculations showed that the vaporization took place mainly from a small region near the center of the beam-workpiece interaction zone, where the temperatures were very high. Furthermore, the alloying element vaporization was most pronounced toward the end of the pulse. After the laser spot welding, the concentrations of manganese and chromium in the weld pool decreased, whereas the concentrations of iron and nickel increased. The composition changes predicted by the model were in fair agreement with the corresponding experimental results for various conditions of microjoining with short duration pulses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - WELDING
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - METAL complexes
KW  - ELECTRON probe microanalysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14604074; He, X. 1 DebRoy, T. 1; Email Address: debroy@psu.edu Fuerschbach, P. W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania 16802-5005  2: Joining and Coating Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0889; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 8, p4547; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: WELDING; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: METAL complexes; Subject Term: ELECTRON probe microanalysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1785868
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ardavan, A.
AU  - Hayes, W.
AU  - Singleton, J.
AU  - Ardavan, H.
AU  - Fopma, J.
AU  - Halliday, D.
T1  - Experimental observation of nonspherically-decaying radiation from a rotating superluminal source.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 4614
EP  - 4631
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We describe the experimental implementation of a superluminal (i.e., faster than light in vacuo) polarization current distribution that both oscillates and undergoes centripetal acceleration. Theoretical treatments predict that the radiation emitted by each volume element of the superluminally moving distribution pattern will comprise a Cˇerenkov-like envelope with two sheets that meet along a cusp. Correspondingly, the emission from the experimental machine is found to be tightly beamed in both the azimuthal and polar directions. The beaming is frequency independent and has a sharply defined and unchanging geometry determined only by the speed and path of the moving distribution pattern, i.e., by the parameters governing the structure of the Cˇerenkov-like envelopes. In addition, over a restricted range of angles, we detect the presence of cusps in the emitted radiation. These, which are due to the focusing of wave fronts on a propagating space curve, result in the reception, during a short time period, of radiation emitted over a considerably longer period of (retarded) source time. The intensity of the radiation at these angles was observed to decline more slowly with increasing distance from the source than would the emission from a conventional antenna. The angular distribution of the emitted radiation and the properties associated with the cusps are in good quantitative agreement with theoretical models of superluminal sources once the effect of reflections from the earth’s surface are taken into account. In particular, the prediction that the beaming and the slow decay should extend into the far zone has been tested to several hundred Fresnel distances (Rayleigh ranges). The excellent agreement between the theoretical calculations and the data suggests that the apparatus achieves precise and reproducible control of the polarization current and that similar machines could be of general interest for studying and utilizing the novel... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLUMINAL radio sources (Astronomy)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - CENTRIPETAL force
KW  - RAYLEIGH scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 14604066; Ardavan, A. 1 Hayes, W. 1 Singleton, J. 2 Ardavan, H. 3 Fopma, J. 4 Halliday, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, TA-35, MS-E536, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom  4: Central Electronics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Laboratory, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 8, p4614; Subject Term: SUPERLUMINAL radio sources (Astronomy); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: CENTRIPETAL force; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH scattering; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787591
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hendrickson, E. L.
AU  - Kaul, R.
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Bovee, D.
AU  - Chapman, P.
AU  - Chung, J.
AU  - Conway De Macario, E.
AU  - Dodsworth, J. A.
AU  - Gillett, W.
AU  - Graham, D. E.
AU  - Hackett, M.
AU  - Haydock, A. K.
AU  - Kang, A.
AU  - Land, M. L.
AU  - Levy, R.
AU  - Lie, T. J.
AU  - Major, T. A.
AU  - Moore, B. C.
AU  - Porat, I.
AU  - Palmeiri, A.
T1  - Complete Genome Sequence of the Genetically Tractable Hydrogenotrophic Methanogen Methanococcus maripaludis.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 186
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 6956
EP  - 6969
SN  - 00219193
AB  - The genome sequence of the genetically tractable, mesophilic, hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanococcus maripaludis contains 1,722 protein-coding genes in a single circular chromosome of 1,661,137 bp. Of the protein-coding genes (open reading frames [ORFs]), 44% were assigned a function, 48% were conserved but had unknown or uncertain functions, and 7.5% (129 ORFs) were unique to M. maripaludis. Of the unique ORFs, 27 were confirmed to encode proteins by the mass spectrometric identification of unique peptides. Genes for most known functions and pathways were identified. For example, a full complement of hydrogenases and methanogenesis enzymes was identified, including eight selenocysteine-containing proteins, with each being paralogous to a cysteine-containing counterpart. At least 59 proteins were predicted to contain iron-sulfur centers, including ferredoxins, polyferredoxins, and subunits of enzymes with various redox functions. Unusual features included the absence of a Cdc6 homolog, implying a variation in replication initiation, and the presence of a bacterial-like RNase HI as well as an RNase 1111 typical of the Archaea. The presence of alanine dehydrogenase and alanine racemase, which are uniquely present among the Archaea, explained the ability of the organism to use L- and D-alanine as nitrogen sources. Features that contrasted with the related organism Methanocaldococcus jannaschii included the absence of inteins, even though close homologs of most inteincontaining proteins were encoded. Although two-thirds of the ORFs had their highest Blastp hits in Methano- caldococcus janneaschij, lateral gene transfer or gene loss has apparently resulted in genes, which are often clustered, with top Blastp hits in more distantly related groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOGENS
KW  - ARCHAEBACTERIA
KW  - FERREDOXIN-NADP reductase
KW  - DEHYDROGENASES
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - GENETIC transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 14879701; Hendrickson, E. L. 1 Kaul, R. 2,3 Zhou, Y. 3 Bovee, D. 3 Chapman, P. 3 Chung, J. 3 Conway De Macario, E. 4 Dodsworth, J. A. 1 Gillett, W. 3 Graham, D. E. 5 Hackett, M. 6 Haydock, A. K. 1 Kang, A. 3 Land, M. L. 7 Levy, R. 3 Lie, T. J. 1 Major, T. A. 8 Moore, B. C. 1 Porat, I. 8 Palmeiri, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Microbiology, University of Washington, University of Washington Genome Center  2: Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics  3: University of Washington, University of Washington Genome Center  4: Seattle, Washington; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Division of Molecular Medicine, The University at Albany (SUNY), Albany, New York  5: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas  6: Chemical Engineering  7: Genome Analysis and Systems Modeling, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  8: Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 186 Issue 20, p6956; Subject Term: METHANOGENS; Subject Term: ARCHAEBACTERIA; Subject Term: FERREDOXIN-NADP reductase; Subject Term: DEHYDROGENASES; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: GENETIC transformation; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neeley, William L.
AU  - Delaney, James C.
AU  - Henderson, Paul T.
AU  - Essigmann, John M.
T1  - In Vivo Bypass Efficiencies and Mutational Signatures of the Guanine Oxidation Products 2-Aminoimidazolone and 5-Guanidino-4-nitroimidazole.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 279
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 43568
EP  - 43573
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The in vivo mutagenic properties of 2-aminoimidazolone and 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole, two products of peroxynitrite oxidation of guanine, are reported. Two oligodeoxynucleotides of identical sequence, but containing either 2-aminoimidazolone or 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole at a specific site, were ligated into single-stranded M13mp7L2 bacteriophage genomes. Wild-type AB1157 Escherichia coli cells were transformed with the site-specific 2-aminoimidazolone- and 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole-containing genomes, and analysis of the resulting progeny phage allowed determination of the in vivo bypass efficiencies and mutational signatures of the DNA lesions. 2-Aminoimidazolone was efficiently bypassed and 91% mutagenic, producing almost exclusively G to C transversion mutations. In contrast, 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole was a strong block to replication and 50% mutagenic, generating G to A, G to T, and to a lesser extent, G to C mutations. The G to A mutation elicited by 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole implicates this lesion as a novel source of peroxynitrite-induced transition mutations in vivo. For comparison, the error-prone bypass DNA polymerases were overexpressed in the cells by irradiation with UV light (SOS induction) prior to transformation. SOS induction caused little change in the efficiency of DNA polymerase bypass of 2-aminoimidazolone; however, bypass of 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole increased nearly 10-fold. Importantly, the mutation frequencies of both lesions decreased during replication in SOS-induced cells. These data suggest that 2-aminoimidazolone and 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole in DNA are substrates for one or more of the SOS-induced Y-family DNA polymerases and demonstrate that 2-aminoimidazolone and 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole are potent sources of mutations in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - G proteins
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL oxidation
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - BACTERIOPHAGES
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 14890115; Neeley, William L. 1 Delaney, James C. 1 Henderson, Paul T. 1,2 Essigmann, John M. 1; Email Address: jessig@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biological Engineering Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, L-441, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 42, p43568; Subject Term: G proteins; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGICAL oxidation; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: BACTERIOPHAGES; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M407117200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daojing Wang
AU  - Park, Jennifer S.
AU  - Chu, Julia S. F.
AU  - Krakowski, Ari
AU  - Kunxin Luo
AU  - Chen, David J.
AU  - Song Li
T1  - Proteomic Profiling of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells upon Transforming Growth Factor β1 Stimulation.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 279
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 43725
EP  - 43734
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into different types of cells and have tremendous potential for cell therapy and tissue engineering. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β) plays an important role in cell differentiation and vascular remodeling. We showed that TGF-β induced cell morphology change and an increase in actin fibers in MSCs. To determine the global effects of TGF-β on MSCs, we employed a proteomic strategy to analyze the effect of TGF-β on the human MSC proteome. By using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and electrospray ionization coupled to quadrupole/time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometers, we have generated a proteome reference map of MSCs, and we identified ∼30 proteins with an increase or decrease in expression or phosphorylation in response to TGF-β. The proteins regulated by TGF-β included cytoskeletal proteins, matrix synthesis proteins, membrane proteins, metabolic enzymes, etc. TGF-β increased the expression of smooth muscle α-actin and decreased the expression of gelsolin. Overexpression of gelsolin inhibited TGF-β-induced assembly of smooth muscle α-actin; on the other hand, knocking down gelsolin expression enhanced the assembly of α-actin and actin filaments without significantly affecting α-actin expression. These results suggest that TGF-β coordinates the increase of α-actin and the decrease of gelsolin to promote MSC differentiation. This study demonstrates that proteomic tools are valuable in studying stem cell differentiation and elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEM cells
KW  - MESENCHYME
KW  - BONE marrow cells
KW  - CELLULAR therapy
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
N1  - Accession Number: 14890134; Daojing Wang 1; Email Address: djwang@lbl.gov Park, Jennifer S. 2 Chu, Julia S. F. 2 Krakowski, Ari 3 Kunxin Luo 3 Chen, David J. 1 Song Li 2; Email Address: songli@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1762  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3206; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 42, p43725; Subject Term: STEM cells; Subject Term: MESENCHYME; Subject Term: BONE marrow cells; Subject Term: CELLULAR therapy; Subject Term: EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M407368200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sahn-ho Kim
AU  - Beausejour, Christian
AU  - Davalos, Albert R.
AU  - Kaminker, Patrick
AU  - Seok-Jin Heo
AU  - Campisi, Judith
T1  - TIN2 Mediates Functions of TRF2 at Human Telomeres.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 279
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 43799
EP  - 43804
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Telomeres are protective structures at chromosome ends and are crucial for genomic stability. Mammalian TRF1 and TRF2 bind the double-stranded telomeric repeat sequence and in turn are bound by TIN2, TANK1, TANK2, and hRAP1. TRF1 is a negative regulator of telomere length in telomerase-positive cells, whereas TRF2 is important for telomere capping. TIN2 was identified as a TRF1-interacting protein that mediates TRF1 function. We show here that TIN2 also interacts with TRF2 in vitro and in yeast and mammalian cells. TIN2 mutants defective in binding of TRF1 or TRF2 induce a DNA damage response and destabilize TRF1 and TRF2 at telomeres in human cells. Our findings suggest that the functions of TRF1 and TRF2 are linked by TIN2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - YEAST fungi
KW  - CROSSING over (Genetics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14890142; Sahn-ho Kim 1 Beausejour, Christian 1,2 Davalos, Albert R. 1 Kaminker, Patrick 3 Seok-Jin Heo 1 Campisi, Judith 1; Email Address: JCAMPISI@LBL.GOV; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Berlex BioSciences, 2600 Hilltop Dr., Richmond, CA 94804  3: Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California 94945; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 42, p43799; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: YEAST fungi; Subject Term: CROSSING over (Genetics); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M408650200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morrell, Jennifer L.
AU  - Nichols, Connie B.
AU  - Gould, Kathleen L.
T1  - The GIN4 family kinase, Cdr2p, acts independently of septins in fission yeast.
JO  - Journal of Cell Science
JF  - Journal of Cell Science
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 117
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5293
EP  - 5302
SN  - 00219533
AB  - Two relatives of the GIN4 protein kinase family, Cdr1p and Cdr2p, exist in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Although in Saccharomyces cerevisiae GIN4-related kinases influence septin ring organization and septin rings influence the localization and function of GIN4-related protein kinases, it is unknown whether this relationship is conserved in S. pombe. Here, we have probed the relationship between Cdr2p activity and septins and find that Cdr2p and septins are functionally independent. Cdr2p localizes in a cortical band overlying the nucleus during interphase, whose dimension is proportional to cell length, and to a medial ring structure in late mitosis. Both localizations are septin-independent and disrupted by treatment with filipin. Structure/function analysis indicates that the intracellular targeting domain of Cdr2p is largely contained within its non-catalytic C-terminus. Cdr2 protein kinase activity, while unimportant for its localization, is critical for its cell cycle function. Our data indicate that Cdr2p functions at two positions within the cell at discrete cell cycle stages to influence the timing of mitotic entry and cytokinesis, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cell Science is the property of Company of Biologists Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - PROTEIN kinases
KW  - CELL division (Biology)
KW  - CELL organelles
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - CELL proliferation
KW  - Cdr2p
KW  - Cell cycle
KW  - Protein kinase
KW  - S. pombe
KW  - Septin
N1  - Accession Number: 15370346; Morrell, Jennifer L. 1,2,3 Nichols, Connie B. 1,2,4 Gould, Kathleen L. 1,2; Email Address: kathy.gould@vanderbilt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Medical Center, North B-2309, 1161 21st Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA  2: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Medical Center, North B-2309, 1161 21st Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500 South, MS61 23, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  4: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 117 Issue 22, p5293; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: PROTEIN kinases; Subject Term: CELL division (Biology); Subject Term: CELL organelles; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: CELL proliferation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cdr2p; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein kinase; Author-Supplied Keyword: S. pombe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Septin; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 4 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1242/jcs.01409
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Srinivas, Sudha
AU  - Jellinek, Julius
T1  - Structural and electronic properties of small beryllium clusters: A theoretical study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 7243
EP  - 7252
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Geometric structures and electronic properties of small beryllium clusters (Ben, 2≤n≤9) are investigated within the gradient-corrected density functional theory. The computations are performed with the Becke exchange and Perdew-Wang correlation functionals. Both low and high multiplicity states are considered. A predominance of higher multiplicity states among the low-energy isomers of the larger clusters is found. An analysis of the variations in the structural and electronic properties with cluster size is presented, and the results are compared with those of earlier studies. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BERYLLIUM crystals
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
N1  - Accession Number: 14592796; Srinivas, Sudha 1 Jellinek, Julius 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 15, p7243; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM crystals; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791071
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Sheng-Nian
AU  - Swift, Damian C.
T1  - On asymmetry between superheating and supercooling in solid-liquid transitions: Landau models.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 7387
EP  - 7389
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We investigated the asymmetry between superheating and supercooling in solid-liquid transitions using two Landau-type models for the first-order phase transitions, the Landau–Devonshire and Landau–de Gennes models. The Landau models reproduced the asymmetric behavior described by the classical nucleation theory. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ASYMMETRY (Chemistry)
KW  - SUPERCOOLING
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SOLID-liquid equilibrium
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - HEATING
N1  - Accession Number: 14592779; Luo, Sheng-Nian 1; Email Address: sluo@lanl.gov Swift, Damian C. 1; Affiliation:  1: P-24 Plasma Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 15, p7387; Subject Term: ASYMMETRY (Chemistry); Subject Term: SUPERCOOLING; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SOLID-liquid equilibrium; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: HEATING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1803534
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsige, Mesfin
AU  - Grest, Gary S.
T1  - Interdiffusion of solvent into glassy polymer films: A molecular dynamics study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 7513
EP  - 7519
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Large scale molecular dynamics and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation techniques are used to study the behavior of the interdiffusion of a solvent into an entangled polymer matrix as the state of the polymer changes from a melt to a glass. The weight gain by the polymer increases with time t as t1/2 in agreement with Fickian diffusion for all cases studied, although the diffusivity is found to be strongly concentration dependent especially as one approaches the glass transition temperature of the polymer. The diffusivity as a function of solvent concentration determined using the one-dimensional Fick’s model of the diffusion equation is compared to the diffusivity calculated using the Darken equation from simulations of equilibrated solvent-polymer solutions. The diffusivity calculated using these two different approaches are in good agreement. The behavior of the diffusivity strongly depends on the state of the polymer and is related to the shape of the solvent concentration profile.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
N1  - Accession Number: 14592761; Tsige, Mesfin 1; Email Address: mtsige@sandia.gov Grest, Gary S. 1; Email Address: gsgrest@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 15, p7513; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1797992
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Delire, Christine
AU  - Foley, Jonathan A.
AU  - Thompson, Starley
T1  - Long-Term Variability in a Coupled Atmosphere–Biosphere Model.
JO  - Journal of Climate
JF  - Journal of Climate
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 17
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3947
EP  - 3959
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948755
AB  - A fully coupled atmosphere–biosphere model, version 3 of the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM3) and the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS), is used to illustrate how vegetation dynamics may be capable of producing long-term variability in the climate system, particularly through the hydrologic cycle and precipitation. Two simulations of the global climate are conducted with fixed climatological sea surface temperatures: one including vegetation as a dynamic boundary condition, and the other keeping vegetation cover fixed. A comparison of the precipitation power spectra over land from these two simulations shows that dynamic interactions between the atmosphere and vegetation enhance precipitation variability at time scales from a decade to a century, while damping variability at shorter time scales. In these simulations, the two-way coupling between the atmosphere and the dynamic vegetation cover introduces persistent precipitation anomalies in several ecological transition zones: between forest and grasslands in the North American midwest, in southern Africa, and at the southern limit of the tropical forest in the Amazon basin, and between savanna and desert in the Sahel, Australia, and portions of the Arabian Peninsula. These regions contribute most to the long-term variability of the atmosphere–vegetation system. Slow changes in the vegetation cover, resulting from a “red noise” integration of high-frequency atmospheric variability, are responsible for generating this long-term variability. Lead and lag correlation between precipitation and vegetation leaf area index (LAI) shows that LAI influences precipitation in the following years, and vice versa. A mechanism involving changes in LAI resulting in albedo, roughness, and evapotranspiration changes is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - BIOSPHERE
KW  - GEOBIOLOGY
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - WEATHER
N1  - Accession Number: 14769417; Delire, Christine 1; Email Address: France.delire@isem.univ-montp2.fr Foley, Jonathan A. 2 Thompson, Starley 3; Affiliation:  1: Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, and Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France  2: Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 17 Issue 20, p3947; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: BIOSPHERE; Subject Term: GEOBIOLOGY; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: WEATHER; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs, 5 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, H.Q.
AU  - Shik, H.Y.
AU  - Wang, Y.Q.
AU  - Batista, C.D.
AU  - Gubernatis, J.E.
T1  - Investigating magnetic properties by quantum Monte Carlo simulations
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 281
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 240
EP  - 246
SN  - 03048853
AB  - We briefly review the results of recent work establishing a new mechanism for itinerant ferromagnetism in the periodic Anderson model. The novel mechanism, called the segmented band mechanism, whose energy scale is up to two orders of magnitude larger than the RKKY mechanism, is determined by a competition between two energy scales set by certain band features. Here, we report preliminary simulation results studying the effects of band dispersion on these scales and hence on the stability of the ferromagnetic state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - Acid proteins
KW  - Cytochrome c3
KW  - Hydrogenase
KW  - Itinerant ferromagnetism
KW  - Layer-by-layer assembly
KW  - QCM
KW  - Quantum Monte Carlo
KW  - Strongly correlated electrons
KW  - Voltammetry
N1  - Accession Number: 14708937; Lin, H.Q. 1; Email Address: hqlin@phy.cuhk.edu.hk Shik, H.Y. 1 Wang, Y.Q. 1 Batista, C.D. 2 Gubernatis, J.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong, Hong Kong  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 281 Issue 2/3, p240; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome c3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Itinerant ferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layer-by-layer assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strongly correlated electrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voltammetry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.04.128
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, D.S.
AU  - Garmestani, H.
AU  - Yan, Shi-shen
AU  - Elkawni, M.
AU  - Bacaltchuk, M.B.
AU  - Schneider-Muntau, H.J.
AU  - Liu, J.P.
AU  - Saha, S.
AU  - Barnard, J.A.
T1  - Effects of high magnetic field annealing on texture and magnetic properties of FePd
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 281
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
EP  - 275
SN  - 03048853
AB  - The effects of high magnetic field annealing on the preferred orientation distribution (texture) and magnetic anisotropy of arc-melted FePd alloy were studied by recalculated pole figure method and vibrating sample magnetometry. A rigorous texture characterization method was used to analyze the crystal orientation distribution of the annealed FePd. As compared with annealing without magnetic field, the high magnetic field annealing increases the volume fraction of crystal grains with c-axis aligned along the annealing magnetic field direction. A corresponding uniaxial magnetic anisotropy was also observed in the magnetically annealed FePd alloy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - Acid proteins
KW  - Cytochrome c3
KW  - FePd
KW  - Hydrogenase
KW  - Layer-by-layer assembly
KW  - Magnetic anisotropy
KW  - Magnetic annealing
KW  - QCM
KW  - Texture
KW  - Voltammetry
N1  - Accession Number: 14708942; Li, D.S. 1; Email Address: dongsheng.li@mse.gatech.edu Garmestani, H. 1; Email Address: hamid.garmestani@mse.gatech.edu Yan, Shi-shen 2 Elkawni, M. 3 Bacaltchuk, M.B. 3 Schneider-Muntau, H.J. 3 Liu, J.P. 4 Saha, S. 5 Barnard, J.A. 5; Affiliation:  1: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Dr. N.W., Atlanta, GA 303320245, USA  2: School of Physics and Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, PR China  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  4: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA  5: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 281 Issue 2/3, p272; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acid proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cytochrome c3; Author-Supplied Keyword: FePd; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layer-by-layer assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voltammetry; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.04.114
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Devedjiev, Yancho
AU  - Surendranath, Yogesh
AU  - Derewenda, Urszula
AU  - Gabrys, Alexandra
AU  - Cooper, David R.
AU  - Zhang, Rong-guang
AU  - Lezondra, Lour
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
AU  - Derewenda, Zygmunt S.
T1  - The Structure and Ligand Binding Properties of the B.subtilis YkoF Gene Product, a Member of a Novel Family of Thiamin/HMP-binding Proteins
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 343
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 406
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The crystal structure of the Bacillus subtilis YkoF gene product, a protein involved in the hydroxymethyl pyrimidine (HMP) salvage pathway, was solved by the multiwavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) method and refined with data extending to 1.65Å resolution. The atomic model of the protein shows a homodimeric association of two polypeptide chains, each containing an internal repeat of a ferredoxin-like βαββαβ fold, as seen in the ACT and RAM-domains. Each repeat shows a remarkable similarity to two members of the COG0011 domain family, the MTH1187 and YBL001c proteins, the crystal structures of which were recently solved by the Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium. Two YkoF monomers form a tightly associated dimer, in which the amino acid residues forming the interface are conserved among family members. A putative small-ligand binding site was located within each repeat in a position analogous to the serine-binding site of the ACT-domain of the Escherichia coli phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. Genetic data suggested that this could be a thiamin or HMP-binding site. Calorimetric data confirmed that YkoF binds two thiamin molecules with varying affinities and a thiamine–YkoF complex was obtained by co-crystallization. The atomic model of the complex was refined using data to 2.3Å resolution and revealed a unique H-bonding pattern that constitutes the molecular basis of specificity for the HMP moiety of thiamin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACILLUS (Bacteria)
KW  - BACILLACEAE
KW  - ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - ACT/RAM domain family
KW  - macromolecular crystallography
KW  - protein structure
KW  - surface engineering
KW  - thiamin/HMP binding
N1  - Accession Number: 14514339; Devedjiev, Yancho 1 Surendranath, Yogesh 1 Derewenda, Urszula 1 Gabrys, Alexandra 1 Cooper, David R. 1 Zhang, Rong-guang 2 Lezondra, Lour 2 Joachimiak, Andrzej 2 Derewenda, Zygmunt S.; Email Address: zsd4n@virginia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0736, USA  2: Biosciences Division and Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 202, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 343 Issue 2, p395; Subject Term: BACILLUS (Bacteria); Subject Term: BACILLACEAE; Subject Term: ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Author-Supplied Keyword: ACT/RAM domain family; Author-Supplied Keyword: macromolecular crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: surface engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: thiamin/HMP binding; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.08.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suzuya, K.
AU  - Itoh, K.
AU  - Kajinami, A.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
T1  - The structure of binary zinc phosphate glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 345-346
M3  - Article
SP  - 80
EP  - 87
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: The structures of (ZnO)x(P2O5)100−x glasses, with x=49.1–69.7, have been studied by spallation neutron diffraction and high-energy X-ray diffraction methods. For all glasses the average Zn–O coordination number NZn–O is around five (4.5–4.9) as distorted (4+1) environment. Although no abrupt change in NZn–O between the nearly meta- and orthophosphate compositions is observed, the mean value and distribution of Zn–O distances slightly increases with an increase in the ZnO content. The distorted five-coordinations of Zn–O may be regarded as the mixture of ZnO4 tetrahedra and ZnO5 polyhedra. The Zn cation plays a typical role as a network-modifier in the process of the depolymerization PO4 tetrahedral network on the one hand, and may act as a network-former for linking the ZnO4 and PO4 tetrahedra on the other hand. The presence of the two kinds of intermediate-range ordering corresponding to PO4–PO4 linkage and ZnO4–PO4 connections is revealed by application of the reverse Monte Carlo modeling of the neutron and X-ray diffraction data. The enhancement of density fluctuation about the size of a few nanometers in small-angle neutron scattering region (Q∼0.2Å−1) arisen at near 60mol% ZnO suggests that there are diverse stages in the intermediate-range structure composed of PO4 and ZnO4 tetrahedra and ZnO5 polyhedra depending on the compositions. These results demonstrated that the phosphate glass anomaly and the peculiar property for zinc phosphate glasses such as a behavior of glass transition temperature Tg should be understood in terms of not only the depolymerization of network composed of PO4 tetrahedra but also the stability of the chemical ordering of PO4 tetrahedra and ZnOx polyhedra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - GLASS
N1  - Accession Number: 15801063; Suzuya, K. 1; Email Address: suzuya@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Itoh, K. 2 Kajinami, A. 3 Loong, C.-K. 4; Affiliation:  1: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  2: Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka 590-0494, Japan  3: Department of Applied Chemistry, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan  4: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 345-346, p80; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: GLASS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327214 Glass manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.07.047
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tan, Klan L.
AU  - Park, Steve
AU  - Ellman, Jonathan A.
AU  - Bergman, Robert G.
T1  - Intermolecular Coupling of Alkenes to Heterocycles via C -- H Bond Activation.
JO  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 69
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 7329
EP  - 7335
SN  - 00223263
AB  - The intermolecular coupling of unactivated alkenes to a range of heterocycles using a Rh(I) catalyst was investigated. A variety of functional groups were incorporated into the alkene, including esters, nitriles, acetals, and phthalimide. Furthermore, the heterocycle tolerated substitution with both electron-rich and electron-deficient groups. The intermolecular coupling became possible after it was discovered that weak acids dramatically increase the rate of both the inter- and intramolecular reactions. An extensive optimization of additives was performed, and HCl·PCy3 (Cy = cyclohexyl) aztd HCI·P-t-Bu2Et were in general found to be the best additives for the reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - ACTIVATION (Chemistry)
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - ESTERS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14879766; Tan, Klan L. 1 Park, Steve 1 Ellman, Jonathan A. 1; Email Address: jellman@uclink.berkeley.edu Bergman, Robert G. 1; Email Address: bergman@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California and Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 69 Issue 21, p7329; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: ACTIVATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: ESTERS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dang
AU  - L. X.
T1  - Ions at the Liquid/Vapor Interface of Methanol.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 9014
EP  - 9017
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We studied ions at the liquid/vapor interface of methanol using classical molecular dynamics techniques. Polarizable potential models were used to describe interactions among species. We characterized the transport mechanism of an iodide anion across the methanol interface. The computed potential of mean force showed a relatively small minimum well depth (i.e., -0.60 kcal/mol) located inside the Gibbs dividing surface. During the constrained mean force simulations, we found the iodide anion carrying some methanol molecules with it as it crossed the dividing interface. The computed density profiles of the salt NaI methanol interface indicated that the iodide anions were found nearer to the interface than the sodium cations, and no well-defined maxima were found for neither ion near the interface. By comparing this result with the corresponding result obtained from a simulation of the NaI saltwater interface, we can conclude that the probability of finding iodide anions at the liquid/vapor of water interface is significantly greater than at the methanol interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - IONS
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 16387083; Dang L. X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 42, p9014; Subject Term: METHANOL; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crowell
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Lian
AU  - R.
AU  - Shkrob
AU  - I. A.
AU  - Qian
AU  - J.
AU  - Oulianov
AU  - D. A.
AU  - Pommeret
AU  - S.
T1  - Light-Induced Temperature Jump Causes Power-Dependent Ultrafast Kinetics of Electrons Generated in Multiphoton Ionization of Liquid Water.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 9105
EP  - 9114
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Picosecond geminate recombination kinetics for electrons generated by multiphoton ionization of liquid water become power dependent when the irradiance of the excitation light is greater than 0.3-0.5 TW/cm2 (the terawatt regime). To elucidate the mechanism of this power dependence, tri- 400 nm photon ionization of water has been studied using pump-probe laser spectroscopy on the pico- and femtosecond time scales. We suggest that the observed kinetic transformations are caused by a rapid temperature jump in the sample. Such a jump is inherent to multiphoton ionization in the terawatt regime, when the absorption of the pump light along the optical path becomes very nonuniform. The heating of water is substantial (tens of °C) because the 3-photon quantum yield of the ionization is relatively low, ca. 0.42, and a large fraction of the excitation energy is released into the solvent bulk as heat. Evidence of the temperature jump is the observation of a red shift in the absorption spectrum of (thermalized) electron and by characteristic “flattening” of the thermalization dynamics in the near-IR The temperature jump in the terawatt regime might be ubiquitous in multiphoton ionization of molecular liquids. The implications of these observations for femtosecond pulse radiolysis of water are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16387094; Crowell R. A. 1 Lian R. 1 Shkrob I. A. 1 Qian J. 1 Oulianov D. A. 1 Pommeret S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and CEA/Saclay, DSM/DRECAM/SCM/URA 331 CNRS 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 42, p9105; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holland
AU  - G. P.
AU  - Cherry
AU  - B. R.
AU  - Alam
AU  - T. M.
T1  - 15N Solid-State NMR Characterization of Ammonia Adsorption Environments in 3A Zeolite Molecular Sieves.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 16420
EP  - 16426
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The quantitative analysis of ammonia binding sites in 3A zeolite molecular sieves using solid-state 15N MAS NMR spectroscopy is reported. By utilizing 15N-enriched ammonia (15NH3) gas, the different adsorption/binding sites within the zeolite were characterized as a function of NH3 loading. Using 15N MAS NMR, multiple sites were resolved that have distinct cross-polarization dynamics, relaxation, and chemical shift behavior. A combination of 15N/23Na and 15N/27Al TRAPDOR NMR methods was used to demonstrate significant dipolar coupling between adsorbed ammonia molecules and both Na cations and Al framework species in the zeolite cage. An estimate of the 23Na-15N and 27Al-15N distance was obtained from simulation of the TRAPDOR results. Two-dimensional 1H → 15N CP-MAS NMR exchange spectroscopy was implemented to probe dynamics between the two primary adsorbed ammonia environments. In the 3A zeolite, the observed exchange process between the ammonia sites does not display a significant temperature dependence, indicating a spin-diffusion mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - SILICATE minerals
KW  - AMMONIA
KW  - NITROGEN compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 16427245; Holland G. P. 1 Cherry B. R. 1 Alam T. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biomolecular and Chemical Analysis, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 42, p16420; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: SILICATE minerals; Subject Term: AMMONIA; Subject Term: NITROGEN compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hurum
AU  - D. C.
AU  - Gray
AU  - K. A.
AU  - Rajh
AU  - T.
AU  - Thurnauer
AU  - M. C.
T1  - Photoinitiated Reactions of 2,4,6 TCP on Degussa P25 Formulation TiO2:  Wavelength-Sensitive Decomposition.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 16483
EP  - 16487
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The photoinitiated oxidative reactions of 2,4,6 trichlorophenol (2,4,6 TCP) and 2,4,5 trichlorophenol (2,4,5 TCP) are studied on the titania photocatalyst Degussa P25. On this catalyst 2,4,6 TCP is used to confirm two distinct oxidative mechanisms that are triggered at different light-excitation wavelengths. A charge-transfer mechanism occurs at sub-bandgap energies of the photocatalyst leading to a phenoxyl radical product and an oxidative mechanism occurs at the bandgap leading to a semiquinone radical product. The wavelength dependence of these two mechanisms is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHENOLS
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - LIGHT
N1  - Accession Number: 16427253; Hurum D. C. 1 Gray K. A. 1 Rajh T. 1 Thurnauer M. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Environmental Catalysis and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 42, p16483; Subject Term: PHENOLS; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: LIGHT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cicero
AU  - G.
AU  - Catellani
AU  - A.
AU  - Galli
T1  - Interaction of Water Molecules with SiC(001) Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 16518
EP  - 16524
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We have investigated the interaction of water molecules with the polar Si- and C-terminated surfaces of cubic silicon carbide by means of ab initio molecular dynamics simulations at finite temperature. Different water coverages were considered, from 1/4 to a complete monolayer. Irrespective of coverage, we find that water dissociates on the silicon-terminated surfaces, leading to important changes in both its structural and electronic properties. On the contrary, the carbon-terminated surface remains inert when exposed to water. We propose experiments to reveal the ionic and electronic structure of wet Si-terminated surfaces predicted by our calculations, which at full coverage are notably different from those of hydrated Si(001) substrates. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for SiC surface functionalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - SURFACE tension
N1  - Accession Number: 16427258; Cicero G. 1 Catellani A. 1 Galli; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 42, p16518; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gates, W. Lawrence
T1  - Derivation of the Equations of Atmospheric Motion in Oblate Spheroidal Coordinates.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 61
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 2478
EP  - 2487
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - Since Earth is more nearly an oblate spheroid than a sphere, it is of at least theoretical interest to develop the atmospheric equations of motion in spheroidal coordinates. In this system the horizontal unit vectors are oriented eastward and northward along the surfaces of ellipsoids, while the orthogonal unit vector is oriented vertically along the surfaces of intersecting confocal hyperboloids. Using the theory of orthogonal curvilinear coordinates, the spheroidal equations of relative atmospheric motion are derived from the vector equation of absolute motion. With the exception of two terms in the meridional and vertical equations of motion that are unique to the spheroidal system, all of the metric and rotational terms in the spheroidal system correspond to those found in the familiar spherical formulation, but now have coefficients that are functions of both the spheroidal latitude and elevation. The unique spheroidal terms arise from the resolution of the difference between the directions of apparent gravity and Newtonian gravitation, which is neglected in the spherical formulation. The complete spheroidal equations conserve both absolute angular momentum and total kinetic energy, and in the limit as Earth's focal distance or eccentricity approaches zero, reduce to the familiar spherical equations in both the general and hydrostatic cases. The differences between solutions of the spheroidal and spherical equations are not expected to be significant in most applications, although there is the possibility of the accumulation of systematic differences in long-term integrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC circulation
KW  - EQUATIONS of motion
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - SPHEROIDAL functions
KW  - EARTH (Planet)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14769423; Gates, W. Lawrence 1; Email Address: gates5@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 61 Issue 20, p2478; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC circulation; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of motion; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: SPHEROIDAL functions; Subject Term: EARTH (Planet); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Varnum, Susan M.
AU  - Streblow, Daniel N.
AU  - Monroe, Matthew E.
AU  - Smith, Patricia
AU  - Auberry, Kenneth J.
AU  - Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana
AU  - Dai Wang
AU  - Camp II, David G.
AU  - Rodland, Karin
AU  - Wiley, Steven
AU  - Britt, William
AU  - Shenk, Thomas
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Nelson, Jay A.
T1  - Identification of Proteins in Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Particles: the HCMV Proteome.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 10960
EP  - 10966
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a member of the herpesvirus family, is a large complex enveloped virus composed of both viral and cellular gene products. While the sequence of the HCMV genome has been known for over a decade, the full set of viral and cellular proteins that compose the HCMV virion are unknown. To approach this problem we have utilized gel-free two-dimensional capillary liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS to identify and determine the relative abundances of viral and cellular proteins in purified HCMV AD169 virions and dense bodies. Analysis of the proteins from purified HCMV virion preparations has indicated that the particle contains significantly more viral proteins than previously known. In this study, we identified 71 HCMV.encoded proteins that included 12 proteins encoded by known viral open reading frames (ORFs) previously not associated with virions and 12 proteins from novel viral ORFs. Analysis of the relative abundance of HCMV proteins indicated that the predominant virion protein was the pp65 tegument protein and that gM rather than gB was the most abundant glycoprotein. We have also identified over 70 host cellular proteins in HCMV virions, which include cellular structural proteins, enzymes, and chaperones. In addition, analysis of HCMV dense bodies indicated that these viral particles are composed of 29 viral proteins with a reduced quantity of cellular proteins in comparison to HCMV virions. This study provides the first comprehensive quantitative analysis of the viral and cellular proteins that compose infectious particles of a large complex virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYTOMEGALOVIRUS diseases
KW  - HERPESVIRUS diseases
KW  - CYTOMEGALOVIRUSES
KW  - HERPESVIRUSES
KW  - DNA viruses
KW  - HERPESVIRUSES -- Reproduction
N1  - Accession Number: 14746591; Varnum, Susan M. 1 Streblow, Daniel N. 2; Email Address: streblow@ohsu.edu Monroe, Matthew E. 1 Smith, Patricia 2 Auberry, Kenneth J. 1 Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana 1 Dai Wang 3 Camp II, David G. 1 Rodland, Karin 1 Wiley, Steven 1 Britt, William 4 Shenk, Thomas 3 Smith, Richard D. 1 Nelson, Jay A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon  3: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey  4: Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 78 Issue 20, p10960; Subject Term: CYTOMEGALOVIRUS diseases; Subject Term: HERPESVIRUS diseases; Subject Term: CYTOMEGALOVIRUSES; Subject Term: HERPESVIRUSES; Subject Term: DNA viruses; Subject Term: HERPESVIRUSES -- Reproduction; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.20.10960-10966.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davenport, Miles P.
AU  - Ribeiro, Ruy M.
AU  - Chao, Dennis L.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Predicting the Impact of a Nonsterilizing Vaccine against Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 78
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 11340
EP  - 11351
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines in animal models suggest that it is difficult to induce complete protection from infection (sterilizing immunity) but that it is possible to reduce the viral load and to slow or prevent disease progression following infection. We have developed an age-structured epidemiological model of the effects of a disease-modifying HIV vaccine that incorporates the intrahost dynamics of infection, a transmission rate and host mortality that depend on the viral load, the possible evolution and transmission of vaccine escape mutant viruses, a finite duration of vaccine protection, and possible changes in sexual behavior. Using this model, we investigated the long-term outcome of a disease-modifying vaccine and utilized uncertainty analysis to quantify the effects of our lack of precise knowledge of various parameters. Our results suggest that the extent of viral load reduction in vaccinated infected individuals (compared to unvaccinated individuals) is the key predictor of vaccine efficacy. Reductions in viral load of about 1 log10 copies ml-1 would be sufficient to significantly reduce HIV-associated mortality in the first 20 years after the introduction of vaccination. Changes in sexual risk behavior also had a strong impact on the epidemic outcome. The impact of vaccination is dependent on the population in which it is used, with disease-modifying vaccines predicted to have the most impact in areas of low prevalence and rapid epidemic growth. Surprisingly, the extent to which vaccination alters disease progression, the rate of generation of escape mutants, and the transmission of escape mutants are predicted to have only a weak impact on the epidemic outcome over the first 25 years after the introduction of a vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - SEXUALLY transmitted diseases -- Vaccination
KW  - VIRAL vaccines
KW  - HIV infections
KW  - VACCINES
KW  - IMMUNIZATION
KW  - IMMUNOTHERAPY
KW  - VIROLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14746630; Davenport, Miles P. 1,2 Ribeiro, Ruy M. 2 Chao, Dennis L. 3 Perelson, Alan S. 2; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, and Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia  2: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos  3: Department of Computer Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 78 Issue 20, p11340; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: SEXUALLY transmitted diseases -- Vaccination; Subject Term: VIRAL vaccines; Subject Term: HIV infections; Subject Term: VACCINES; Subject Term: IMMUNIZATION; Subject Term: IMMUNOTHERAPY; Subject Term: VIROLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.20.11340-11351.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, Fei
AU  - Anderson, Iver E.
AU  - Gnaupel-Herold, Thomas
AU  - Prask, Henry
T1  - Pure Al matrix composites produced by vacuum hot pressing: tensile properties and strengthening mechanisms
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 383
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 362
EP  - 373
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Al matrix composites reinforced by spherical intermetallic particles, were consolidated from gas atomized elemental Al and Al–Cu–Fe alloy fine powders (<10 μm) by a vacuum hot pressing technique. The composites were made from two types of powders including commercial inert gas atomized powder (99.7%) and high purity powder (99.99%) produced by a gas atomization reaction synthesis technique. The microstructures and tensile properties of the composites with three different volume fractions of the reinforcement particles (15, 20 and 30 vol.%) were characterized. Microstructural analysis of the samples demonstrated that the quasicrystalline phase in the Al–Cu–Fe particles transformed to a crystalline ω phase, which has similar elastic modulus, CTE, and hardness properties, but a reduced density. All the composites appear to be fully dense, with strong interparticle bonding, and exhibit elastic modulus values approaching upper bound predictions by rule of mixtures. Tensile test results and neutron diffraction measurements allowed an assessment of the relative influence of direct and secondary composite strengthening mechanisms on the yield strength of this model composite system. The results suggest that for elemental Al matrix composite samples without precipitation strengthening and severe strain hardening during consolidation, the direct and relevant secondary strengthening mechanisms can be combined to predict accurately the yield strength increase of the composites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - INTERMETALLIC compounds
KW  - STRENGTHENING mechanisms in solids
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - Metal matrix composites
KW  - Powder metallurgy
KW  - Strengthening mechanisms
N1  - Accession Number: 14312783; Tang, Fei 1 Anderson, Iver E. 1; Email Address: andersoni@ameslab.gov Gnaupel-Herold, Thomas 2 Prask, Henry 2; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: NIST Neutron Research Center, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 383 Issue 2, p362; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: INTERMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: STRENGTHENING mechanisms in solids; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder metallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strengthening mechanisms; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.05.081
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walser, Ardie
AU  - Demos, Stavros
AU  - Etienne, Michael
AU  - Dorsinville, Roger
T1  - Nonlinear optical absorption in laser modified regions of fused silica substrates
JO  - Optics Communications
JF  - Optics Communications
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 240
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 417
EP  - 421
SN  - 00304018
AB  - The presence of strong nonlinear absorption has been observed in laser modified fused silica. Intensity-dependent transmission measurements using 355, 532 and 1064 nm laser pulses were performed in pristine polished regions in fused silica substrates and in locations that were exposed to dielectric breakdown. The experimental results suggest that multiphoton absorption is considerably stronger in the modified regions compared to pristine sites and is strongly dependent on the excitation wavelength. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT absorption
KW  - SILICA
KW  - BREAKDOWN (Electricity)
KW  - MULTIPHOTON processes
KW  - 42.65
KW  - 78.66.j
N1  - Accession Number: 14512665; Walser, Ardie 1 Demos, Stavros 2 Etienne, Michael 1 Dorsinville, Roger; Email Address: dorsinville@ccny.cuny.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, The City College and Graduate Center of CUNY, 140th Street and Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-411, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 240 Issue 4-6, p417; Subject Term: LIGHT absorption; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: BREAKDOWN (Electricity); Subject Term: MULTIPHOTON processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: 42.65; Author-Supplied Keyword: 78.66.j; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.optcom.2004.06.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ventura, A.C.
AU  - Bruno, L.
AU  - Ponce Dawson, S.
T1  - Probing a reduced equation for intracellular calcium dynamics
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 342
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 287
SN  - 03784371
AB  - Intracellular calcium plays a crucial role in many biological processes. Optical techniques provide a relatively non-invasive method by which calcium signals can be studied. However, obtaining quantitative information on the calcium currents that give rise to a particular image is not straightforward due to the presence of buffers and pumps that affect the calcium dynamics. We have recently developed a novel method to determine the calcium release fluxes that underlie a fluorescent image, which proved to be pretty accurate in both numerically and experimentally generated images (Ventura et al., to be published). The method assumes that a certain number of perturbative terms is enough to capture the way in which the various intracellular processes whose details are unknown affect calcium dynamics. In this paper we investigate the validity of this ansatz using numerical simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - PUMPING machinery
KW  - 87.16.Ac
KW  - Buffers
KW  - Calcium dynamics
KW  - Diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 14428752; Ventura, A.C. 1,2; Email Address: alejandra@df.uba.ar Bruno, L. 1 Ponce Dawson, S. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física, FCEN, UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón I-Buenos Aires, Argentina  2: T10-Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, MS K710, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos-NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 342 Issue 1/2, p281; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: PUMPING machinery; Author-Supplied Keyword: 87.16.Ac; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buffers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calcium dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333911 Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2004.04.089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cruz-Pacheco, Gustavo
AU  - Levermore, C. David
AU  - Luce, Benjamin P.
T1  - Complex Ginzburg–Landau equations as perturbations of nonlinear Schrödinger equations: A Melnikov approach
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 197
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 285
SN  - 01672789
AB  - We study the persistence of quasiperiodic and homoclinic solutions of generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations under Ginzburg–Landau perturbations. In this paper, the first of a series, Melnikov criteria for the persistence of quasiperiodic and homoclinic solutions are derived directly from the governing partial differential equations via an averaging technique. For families of tori of quasiperiodic solutions, such as rotating waves and traveling waves, that arise within critical sets of linear combinations of conserved functionals, we find that usually only isolated tori will satisfy these selection criteria. Moreover, in some simple cases these criteria are sufficient to conclude that a torus persists. We also demonstrate the nonpersistence of solutions that are homoclinic to rotating waves under a broad class of Ginzburg–Landau perturbations which satisfy a convexity condition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - Homoclinic
KW  - Melnikov criteria
KW  - Quasiperiodic
N1  - Accession Number: 14512686; Cruz-Pacheco, Gustavo; Email Address: cruz@mym.iimas.unam.mx Levermore, C. David 1; Email Address: lvrmr@math.umd.edu Luce, Benjamin P. 2; Email Address: luceb@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-4015, USA  2: Center for Nonlinear Studies and Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 197 Issue 3/4, p269; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homoclinic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melnikov criteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasiperiodic; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2004.07.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kung, Jennifer
AU  - Li, Baosheng
AU  - Uchida, Takeyuki
AU  - Wang, Yanbin
AU  - Neuville, Daniel
AU  - Liebermann, Robert C.
T1  - In situ measurements of sound velocities and densities across the orthopyroxene → high-pressure clinopyroxene transition in MgSiO3 at high pressure
JO  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
JF  - Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 147
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 27
EP  - 44
SN  - 00319201
AB  - Using acoustic measurement interfaced with a large volume multi-anvil apparatus in conjunction with in situ X-radiation techniques, we are able to measure the density and elastic wave velocities (VP and VS) for both ortho- and high-pressure clino-MgSiO3 polymorphs in the same experimental run. The elastic bulk and shear moduli of the unquenchable high-pressure clinoenstatite phase were measured within its stability field for the first time. The measured density contrast associated with the phase transition OEN → HP-CEN is 2.6–2.9% in the pressure of 7–9 GPa, and the corresponding velocity jumps are 3–4% for P waves and 5–6% for S waves. The elastic moduli of the HP-CEN phase are KS=156.7(8) GPa, G = 98.5(4) GPa and their pressure derivatives are <F>KS′=5.5(3)</F> and G′ = 1.5(1) at a pressure of 6.5 GPa, room temperature. In addition, we observed anomalous elastic behavior in orthoenstatite at pressure above 9 GPa at room temperature. Both elastic wave velocities exhibited softening between 9 and 13–14 GPa, which we suggest is associated with a transition to a metastable phase intermediate between OEN and HP-CEN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICATE minerals
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - SHEAR waves
KW  - Elastic softening
KW  - Elasticity
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Phase transformation
KW  - Pyroxene
KW  - Unquenchable
N1  - Accession Number: 14428180; Kung, Jennifer 1; Email Address: jennifer.kung@sunysb.edu Li, Baosheng 1 Uchida, Takeyuki 2 Wang, Yanbin 2 Neuville, Daniel 3 Liebermann, Robert C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Mineral Physics Institute and Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  2: GSECARS, Argonne National Laboratory, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60439, USA  3: Laboratoire de Physique des Geomateriaux, Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris 75252, France; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 147 Issue 1, p27; Subject Term: SILICATE minerals; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Subject Term: SHEAR waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic softening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Elasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pyroxene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unquenchable; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.pepi.2004.05.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Knight, Alec
AU  - Zhivotovsky, Lev A.
AU  - Kass, David H.
AU  - Litwin, Daryl E.
AU  - Creen, Lance D.
AU  - White, P. Scott
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5695
M3  - Letter
SP  - 409
EP  - 410
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a response to a letter to the editor related to DNA analysis.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - DNA
N1  - Accession Number: 14831727; Knight, Alec 1 Zhivotovsky, Lev A. 2 Kass, David H. 3 Litwin, Daryl E. 4 Creen, Lance D. 5 White, P. Scott 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Anthropological Sciences, Stanford  2: Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy  3: Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University,  4: Post Office Box 19754, Stanford, CA 94309, USA.  5: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los; Source Info: 10/15/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5695, p409; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: DNA; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1202
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang, N.Y.C.
AU  - Headley, T.J.
AU  - Kelly, J.J.
AU  - Hruby, J.M.
T1  - Metallurgy of high strength Ni–Mn microsystems fabricated by electrodeposition
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 761
EP  - 766
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Electrodeposition is used for fabricating micron-size, high aspect ratio features. Ni–0.5wt%Mn electrodeposits possess high strength and strong texture. The high strength is attributed to twinned, submicrometer grains. Correlation of hardness, texture, microstructure, and alloy composition was established. Dimensional variations introduce composition variations that influence local metallurgical properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROPLATING
KW  - METALS -- Finishing
KW  - NICKEL alloys
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - Electroplating
KW  - Hardness
KW  - Nickel alloys
KW  - Texture
KW  - Twinning
N1  - Accession Number: 14109235; Yang, N.Y.C.; Email Address: nyyang@sandia.gov Headley, T.J. 1 Kelly, J.J. 1 Hruby, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Analytical Material Science, Org. 8723, 7011 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p761; Subject Term: ELECTROPLATING; Subject Term: METALS -- Finishing; Subject Term: NICKEL alloys; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Author-Supplied Keyword: Electroplating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nickel alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Twinning; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332813 Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing, and Coloring; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109235&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, Yuntian T.
AU  - Lowe, Terry C.
AU  - Langdon, Terence G.
T1  - Performance and applications of nanostructured materials produced by severe plastic deformation
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 825
EP  - 830
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Nanostructured materials produced by severe plastic deformation can be tailored to have both superior performance and superior properties. These materials are attractive for use in a range of applications from biomedical to aerospace industries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MANUFACTURES
KW  - Applications
KW  - Manufacturing
KW  - Nanostructured materials
KW  - Severe plastic deformation
N1  - Accession Number: 14109247; Zhu, Yuntian T. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Lowe, Terry C. 1 Langdon, Terence G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science; Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Departments of Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1453, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p825; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: PLASTICS; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MANUFACTURES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Applications; Author-Supplied Keyword: Manufacturing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructured materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Severe plastic deformation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339990 All other miscellaneous manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339999 All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.05.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109247&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Godfrey, A.
AU  - Hughes, D.A.
T1  - Physical parameters linking deformation microstructures over a wide range of length scale
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 831
EP  - 836
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Plastic deformation leads in many metals to a continuous refinement of the microstructure. An analysis of certain key microstructural parameters reveals a scaling behavior, reflecting a continuity of the basic processes underlying plastic deformation over a very wide range of strain, and hence for structures from the micro- to nano-scale dimensions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASTICS
KW  - Deformation structure
KW  - Dislocation boundaries
KW  - Scaling
KW  - TEM
N1  - Accession Number: 14109248; Godfrey, A.; Email Address: awgodfrey@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn Hughes, D.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9405, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p831; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation boundaries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scaling; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.019
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14109248&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burakovsky, Leonid
AU  - Preston, Dean L.
AU  - Wang, Yi
T1  - Cold shear modulus and Grüneisen parameter at all densities
JO  - Solid State Communications
JF  - Solid State Communications
Y1  - 2004/10/15/
VL  - 132
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 156
SN  - 00381098
AB  - We derive the relation -1/2dlnG/dlnV-1/6=γ for the volume dependence of the cold (T=0) shear modulus, G, where γ is the cold Grüneisen parameter given by the formula  B and P being the cold bulk modulus and pressure, respectively. For constant t, this formula reduces to the known Slater, Dugdale–MacDonald, and Vashchenko–Zubarev relations for t=0, 1, and 2, respectively. However, as we demonstrate, in the case of a real solid under pressure, t is a variable such that t→5/2 as P→∞. This formula is the basis for the analytic model of the cold Grüneisen parameter,  q>1, developed previously by two of the authors, and the corresponding analytic model of the cold shear modulus. The model of the shear modulus is compared to electronic-structure calculations and experimental data on rare-gas solids, iron, and cobalt, and good agreement is found in all cases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Communications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
N1  - Accession Number: 14608767; Burakovsky, Leonid; Email Address: burakov@lanl.gov Preston, Dean L. 1; Email Address: dean@lanl.gov Wang, Yi 2; Email Address: yuw3@psu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802-5006, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 132 Issue 3/4, p151; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.07.066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14608767&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lebensohn, R.A.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Ponte Castañeda, P.
T1  - On the accuracy of the self-consistent approximation for polycrystals: comparison with full-field numerical simulations
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 52
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5347
EP  - 5361
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Abstract: This paper presents comparisons between full-field numerical results and self-consistent (SC) estimates for the effective behavior and statistical fluctuations of the stress and strain-rate fields in viscoplastic polycrystals. The full-field simulations make use of a recently introduced technique, based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. Applications are given for linear and power-law polycrystals with randomly distributed FCC and HCP grains. For linear systems, the FFT results demonstrate the accuracy of the standard SC approximation, even for relatively large values of the grain anisotropy parameter when the field fluctuations become significant. On the other hand, of the various extensions of the self-consistent method that have been proposed for nonlinear systems, the recent ‘second-order’ method appears to give the best overall predictions for both the effective behavior and the statistical fluctuations of the stress and strain-rate fields in power-law polycrystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Effective behavior
KW  - Field fluctuations
KW  - Polycrystals
KW  - Power-law slip
KW  - Self-consistent theory
N1  - Accession Number: 19296018; Lebensohn, R.A. 1; Email Address: lebenso@lanl.gov Liu, Y. 2 Ponte Castañeda, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87845, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6315, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 52 Issue 18, p5347; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Effective behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Field fluctuations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power-law slip; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-consistent theory; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.07.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jin, M.
AU  - Minor, A.M.
AU  - Stach, E.A.
AU  - Morris, J.W.
T1  - Direct observation of deformation-induced grain growth during the nanoindentation of ultrafine-grained Al at room temperature
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 52
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 5381
EP  - 5387
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Abstract: In situ nanoindentation within a transmission electron microscope is used to investigate the deformation mechanisms in ultrafine-grained Al films. Deformation-induced grain growth resulting from grain boundary migration, grain rotation and grain coalescence is commonly observed as the indentation proceeds. In situ studies of nanograined films suggest that the same mechanisms are operative, though the difficulty of imaging nanosized grains makes the evidence less clear. The results suggest that grain growth and coalescence are important modes of response in the deformation of ultrafine- and nanograined materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - THIN films
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Grain boundary migration
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - TEM
KW  - Ultrafine grained microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 19296021; Jin, M. 1 Minor, A.M. 2 Stach, E.A. 2 Morris, J.W. 1; Email Address: jwmorris@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 228 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94701, USA  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 72, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 52 Issue 18, p5381; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrafine grained microstructure; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.07.044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19296021&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnat, E.V.
AU  - Hebner, G.A.
T1  - Electric fields in a sheath near a metal–dielectric interface.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 85
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3393
EP  - 3395
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Spatially resolved electric fields in the sheath region near a metal–dielectric junction were measured in a radio-frequency-driven argon plasma. The fields were determined by observing the Stark shifted transitions to the 13d[3/2]1 Rydberg state by laser-induced fluorescence-dip spectroscopy. Calibration of the Stark shifts for the 13d[3/2]1 Rydberg state were experimentally obtained in a separate apparatus. Maps of the electric fields illustrate that the structure of the sheath formed around the junction depended on both the surface material and on the configuration of the surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - RYDBERG states
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14803349; Barnat, E.V. 1; Email Address: evbarna@sandia.gov Hebner, G.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1423; Source Info: 10/18/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 16, p3393; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: RYDBERG states; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1766075
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14803349&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Passian, A.
AU  - Wig, A.
AU  - Lereu, A.L.
AU  - Meriaudeau, F.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Ferrell, T.L.
T1  - Photon tunneling via surface plasmon coupling.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 85
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3420
EP  - 3422
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The measurement of a photonic signal via plasmon-plasmon coupling in curved thin metal films is presented. In domains of subwavelength dimension, we calculate the resonant dispersion relations by modeling the curved thin film as a single sheeted hyperboloid of revolution. We show that several such surface modes are accessible optically at frequencies below the plasma frequency of the metal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - PLASMONS (Physics)
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - DISPERSION relations
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - THICK films
KW  - PLASMA frequencies
KW  - FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems
N1  - Accession Number: 14803340; Passian, A. 1; Email Address: passianan@ornl.gov Wig, A. 1 Lereu, A.L. 1 Meriaudeau, F. 2 Thundat, T. 1 Ferrell, T.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Université de Bourgogne, IUT du Creusot, Le2i, 71200 Le Creusot, France; Source Info: 10/18/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 16, p3420; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: PLASMONS (Physics); Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: DISPERSION relations; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: PLASMA frequencies; Subject Term: FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1793351
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Hawley, M.E.
AU  - Foltyn, S.R.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
AU  - Collis, G.E.
AU  - Burrell, A.K.
AU  - McCleskey, T.M.
T1  - Epitaxial growth of Eu2O3 thin films on LaAlO3 substrates by polymer-assisted deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 85
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3426
EP  - 3428
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Eu2O3 thin films were epitaxially grown on (001)LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates using a polymer-assisted deposition technique. Microstructural studies by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy show that the films are epitaxial with an orientational relationship of (001)Eu2O3¦¦(001)LAO and [1&1macr;0]Eu2O3¦¦[100]LAO. We have found a systematic change in the out-of-plane lattice parameter of Eu2O3 (a⊥) with the annealing temperature, which is believed to be from different strain effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - THICK films
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14803338; Lin, Y. 1; Email Address: ylin@lanl.gov Wang, H. 1 Hawley, M.E. 1 Foltyn, S.R. 1 Jia, Q.X. 1; Email Address: qxjia@lanl.gov Collis, G.E. 2 Burrell, A.K. 2 McCleskey, T.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Structural and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 10/18/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 16, p3426; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: THICK films; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1806265
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhongwu Wang
AU  - Zha, C.S.
AU  - Barsoum, M.W.
T1  - Compressibility and pressure-induced phase transformation of Ti3GeC2.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 85
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 3453
EP  - 3455
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - In order to explore the large shear-strain-induced polymorph, α-Ti3GeC2 polycrystals were investigated by using a synchrotron radiation source to 64 GPa under nonhydrostatic state. Upon compression to 26.6 GPa, α-Ti3GeC2 starts to transform to β-Ti3GeC2. As compared to α-Ti3GeC2, the cell parameter a of β-Ti3GeC2 is slightly shorter, and both c and c/a larger. These two polymorphs exhibit similar compressibility. The bulk modulus is calculated to be 179 (±10) GPa at a fixed K′=4.0. This is lower than that of Ti3SiC2, and close to that of Ti3Si0.5Ge0.5C2. The compressibilities of these two Ti3GeC2 polymorphs do not display an apparent anisotropy, and differ from the large anisotropies observed from Ti3SiC2 and Ti3Si0.5Ge0.5C2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM optics
N1  - Accession Number: 14803329; Zhongwu Wang 1; Email Address: z_wang@lanl.gov Zha, C.S. 2 Barsoum, M.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: CHESS, Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853  3: Department of Materials Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104; Source Info: 10/18/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 16, p3453; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM optics; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808491
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Antunes, Maria Augusta
AU  - Ferrence, Gregory M.
AU  - Domingos, Angela
AU  - McDonald, Robert
AU  - Burns, Carol J.
AU  - Takats, Josef
AU  - Marques, Noémia
T1  - Uranium (III) Scorpionates: Synthesis and Structure of [(TPme2)2U{c6H5)2}]...
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 43
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6640
EP  - 6643
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Reaction of [(TpMe2)2UI] with KNR2 (R = C6H5, SiMe3) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) afforded the monomeric trivalent actinide amide complexes [(TpMe2)2U{N(C6H5)2}], 1, and [(TpMe2)2U{N(SiMe3)2}], 2. The complexes have been fully characterized by spectroscopic methods and their structures were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic studies. In the solid state 1 and 2 exhibit distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometries. The U-NR2 bond lengths in both complexes are the same but in complex 2 the greater steric demands of the N(SiMe3)2 ligand led to elongated U-N(pz) bonds, especially those opposite the amido ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM compounds
KW  - SCORPIONATES
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CHEMICAL structure
KW  - COMPLEX compounds
KW  - PYRAZOLES
N1  - Accession Number: 14903182; Antunes, Maria Augusta 1 Ferrence, Gregory M. 2; Email Address: ferrence@ilstu.edu Domingos, Angela 1 McDonald, Robert 3 Burns, Carol J. 4 Takats, Josef 3; Email Address: Joe.Takats@ualberta.ca Marques, Noémia 1; Email Address: nmarques@itn.mces.pt; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, P -2 686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal.  2: Department of Chemistry, illinois State Normal, Illinois 61790.  3: Department of Chemistry, Structure Determination Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2.  4: Chemical Sciences Technology (CST) Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 10/18/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 21, p6640; Subject Term: URANIUM compounds; Subject Term: SCORPIONATES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL structure; Subject Term: COMPLEX compounds; Subject Term: PYRAZOLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic049204x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blaizot, Jean-Paul
AU  - Gelis, François
AU  - Venugopalan, Raju
T1  - High energy pA collisions in the color glass condensate approach I: gluon production and the Cronin effect
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 743
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 13
EP  - 56
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We study gluon production in high energy proton–nucleus collisions in the semi-classical framework of the color glass condensate. We develop a general formalism to compute gluon fields in covariant gauge to lowest order in the classical field of the proton and to all orders in the classical field of the nucleus. The use of the covariant gauge makes the diagrammatic interpretation of the solution more transparent. -factorization holds to this order for gluon production—our results for the gluon distribution are equivalent to the prior diagrammatic analysis of Kovchegov and Mueller. We also show that these results are equivalent to the computation of gluon production by Dumitru and McLerran in the Fock–Schwinger gauge. We demonstrate how the Cronin effect arises in this approach, and examine its behavior in the two extreme limits of (a) no small-x quantum evolution, and (b) fully saturated quantum evolution. In both cases, the formalism reduces to Glauber''s formalism of multiple scatterings. We comment on the possible implications of this study for the interpretation of the recent results on deuteron–gold collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GLUONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 14375320; Blaizot, Jean-Paul 1 Gelis, François; Email Address: gelis@spht.saclay.cea.fr Venugopalan, Raju 2; Affiliation:  1: Service de Physique Théorique, Bât. 774, CEA/DSM/Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 743 Issue 1-3, p13; Subject Term: GLUONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 44p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.07.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blaizot, Jean-Paul
AU  - Gelis, François
AU  - Venugopalan, Raju
T1  - High energy pA collisions in the color glass condensate approach II: quark pair production
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 743
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 91
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We compute the production of quark–antiquark pairs in high energy collisions between a small and a large projectile, as in proton–nucleus collisions, in the framework of the color glass condensate. We derive a general expression for quark pair-production, which is not -factorizable. However, -factorization is recovered in the limit of large mass pairs or large quark–antiquark momenta. Our results are amenable to a simple interpretation and suggest how multi-parton correlations at small x can be quantified in high-energy proton/deuteron–nucleus collisions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - QUARK-gluon plasma
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14375321; Blaizot, Jean-Paul 1 Gelis, François; Email Address: gelis@spht.saclay.cea.fr Venugopalan, Raju 2; Affiliation:  1: Service de Physique Théorique, Bât. 774, CEA/DSM/Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 743 Issue 1-3, p57; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: QUARK-gluon plasma; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Number of Pages: 35p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.07.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
AU  - Tucker-Smith, David
T1  - Matter unification in warped supersymmetric
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
EP  - 110
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Abstract: We construct models of warped unification with a bulk gauge symmetry and boundary conditions that preserve the Pati–Salam gauge group (422). In the dual 4D description, these models are 422 gauge theories in which the apparent unification of gauge couplings in the minimal supersymmetric standard model is explained as a consequence of strong coupling in the ultraviolet. The weakness of the gauge couplings at low energies is ensured in this 4D picture by asymptotically non-free contributions from the conformal sector, which are universal due to an approximate global symmetry. The 422 gauge symmetry is broken to the standard model group by a simple set of Higgs fields. An advantage of this setup relative to models of warped unification is that matter is automatically required to fill out representations of 422, providing an elegant understanding of the quantum numbers of the standard-model quarks and leptons. The models also naturally incorporate the see-saw mechanism for neutrino masses and bottom-tau unification. Finally, they predict a rich spectrum of exotic particles near the TeV scale, including states with different quantum numbers than those that appear in models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAUGE field theory
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET radiation
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 12.60.-i
N1  - Accession Number: 19296277; Nomura, Yasunori 1,2; Email Address: yasunori@thsrv.lbl.gov Tucker-Smith, David 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1/2, p92; Subject Term: GAUGE field theory; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET radiation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.-i; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.07.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardakci, Korkut
T1  - Meanfield approximation for field theories on the worldsheet revisited
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 698
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 202
EP  - 232
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Abstract: This work is the continuation of the earlier efforts to apply the mean field approximation to the continuum worldsheet formulation of planar theory. The previous attempts were either simple but without solid foundation or better founded but excessively complicated. In this article, we present an approach both simple, and also systematic and well founded. We are able to carry through the leading order mean field calculation analytically, and with a suitable tuning of the coupling constant, we find string formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEAN field theory
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CONTINUUM (Mathematics)
KW  - 03.70.+k
N1  - Accession Number: 19296282; Bardakci, Korkut 1,2; Email Address: kbardakci@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 698 Issue 1/2, p202; Subject Term: MEAN field theory; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: CONTINUUM (Mathematics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 03.70.+k; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.08.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berman, G.P.
AU  - Borgonovi, F.
AU  - Tsifrinovich, V.I.
T1  - Wave function collapses in a single spin magnetic resonance force microscopy
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/10/18/
VL  - 331
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 187
EP  - 192
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We study the effects of wave function collapses in the oscillating cantilever driven adiabatic reversals (OSCAR) magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) technique. The quantum dynamics of the cantilever tip (CT) and the spin is analyzed and simulated taking into account the magnetic noise on the spin. The deviation of the spin from the direction of the effective magnetic field causes a measurable shift of the frequency of the CT oscillations. We show that the experimental study of this shift can reveal the information about the average time interval between the consecutive collapses of the wave function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVE functions
KW  - WAVE mechanics
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14581054; Berman, G.P. 1 Borgonovi, F.; Email Address: f.borgonovi@dmf.unicatt.it Tsifrinovich, V.I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, MS B213, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: IDS Department, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 331 Issue 3/4, p187; Subject Term: WAVE functions; Subject Term: WAVE mechanics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.09.003
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Son, Cagdas D.
AU  - Sargsyan, Hasmik
AU  - Naider, Fred
AU  - Becker, Jeffrey M.
T1  - Identification of Ligand Binding Regions of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-Factor Pheromone Receptor by Photoaffinity Cross-Linking.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/19/
VL  - 43
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 13193
EP  - 13203
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Analogues of a-factor, Saccharomyces cerevisiae tridecapeptide mating pheromone (H-Trp- His-Trp-Leu-Gln-Leu-Lys-Pro-Gly-Gln-Pro-Met-Tyr-OH), containing p-benzoylphenylalanine (Bpa), a photoactivatable group, and biotin as a tag, were synthesized using solid-phase methodologies on a p-benzyloxybenzyl alcohol polystyrene resin. Bpa was inserted at positions 1, 3, 5, 8, and 13 of α-factor to generate a set of cross-linkable analogues spanning the pheromone. The biological activity (growth arrest assay) and binding affinities of all analogues for the α-factor receptor (Ste2p) were determined. Two of the analogues that were tested, Bpa1 and Bpa5, showed 3-4-fold lower affinity than the α-factor, whereas Bpa3 and Bpa13 had 7-12-fold lower affinities. Bpa8 competed poorly with [3H]-α-factor for Ste2p. All of the analogues tested except Bpa8 had detectable halos in the growth arrest assay, indicating that these analogues are α-factor agonists. Cross-linking studies demonstrated that [Bpa1]-α-factor, [Bpa3]-α-factor, [Bpa5]-α-factor, and [Bpa13]-α-factor were cross-linked to Ste2p; the biotin tag on the pheromone was detected by a NeutrAvidin-HRP conjugate on Western blots. Digestion of Bpa1, Bpa3, and Bpa13 cross-linked receptors with chemical and enzymatic reagents suggested that the N-terminus of the pheromone interacts with a binding domain consisting of residues from the extracellular ends of TM5- TM7 and portions of EL2 and EL3 close to these TMs and that there is a direct interaction between the position 13 side chain and a region of Ste2p (F55-R58) at the extracellular end of TM1. The results further define the sites of interaction between Ste2p and the a-factor, allowing refinement of a model for the pheromone bound to its receptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - VITAMIN B complex
KW  - BIOTIN
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - SACCHAROMYCES
N1  - Accession Number: 14856054; Son, Cagdas D. 1 Sargsyan, Hasmik 2 Naider, Fred 2 Becker, Jeffrey M. 3; Email Address: jbecker@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: d Department of Biochemistry, Cellular, and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-0845.  2: 0 Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island and Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314.  3: p Department of Microbiology and University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-0845.; Source Info: 10/19/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 41, p13193; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae; Subject Term: BIOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: VITAMIN B complex; Subject Term: BIOTIN; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: SACCHAROMYCES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi0496889
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zoleo, Alfonso
AU  - Contessi, Stefania
AU  - Lippe, Giovanna
AU  - Pinato, Luca
AU  - Brustolon, Marina
AU  - Brunel, Louis Claude
AU  - Dabbeni-Sala, Federica
AU  - Maniero, Anna Lisa
T1  - High-Affinity Metal-Binding Site in Beef Heart Mitochondrial F1ATPase: An EPR Spectroscopy Study.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/19/
VL  - 43
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 13214
EP  - 13224
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The high-affinity metal-binding site of isolated F1-ATPase from beef heart mitochondria was studied by high-field (HF) continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR) and pulsed EPR spectroscopy, using MnII as a paramagnetic probe. The protein F1 was fully depleted of endogenous MgII and nucleotides [stripped F1 or MF1(0,0)] and loaded with stoichiometric MnII and stoichiometric or excess amounts of ADP or adenosine 5'-(β,gamma;-imido)-triphosphate (AMPPNP). MnII and nucleotides were added to MF1(0,0) either subsequently or together as preformed complexes. Metal-ADP inhibition kinetics analysis was performed showing that in all samples MnII enters one catalytic site on a β subunit. From the HF-EPR spectra, the zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters of the various samples were obtained, showing that different metal-protein coordination symmetry is induced depending on the metal nucleotide addition order and the protein/metal/nucleotide molar ratios. The electron spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) technique was used to obtain information on the interaction between MnII and the 31P nuclei of the metal- coordinated nucleotide. In the case of samples containing ADP, the measured 31P hyperfine couplings clearly indicated coordination changes related to the metal nucleotide addition order and the protein/ metalinucleotide ratios. On the contrary, the samples with AMPPNP showed very similar ESEEM patterns, despite the remarkable differences present among their HF-EPR spectra. This fact has been attributed to changes in the metal-site coordination symmetry because of ligands not involving phosphate groups. The kinetic data showed that the divalent metal always induces in the catalytic site the high-affinity conformation, while EPR experiments in frozen solutions supported the occurrence of different precatalytic states when the metal and ADP are added to the protein sequentially or together as a preformed complex. The different states evolve to the same conformation, the metalII-ADP inhibited form, upon induction of the trisite catalytic activity. All our spectroscopic and kinetic data point to the active role of the divalent cation in creating a competent catalytic site upon binding to MF1, in accordance with previous evidence obtained for Escherichia coli and chloroplast F1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MITOCHONDRIA
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14856056; Zoleo, Alfonso 1 Contessi, Stefania 2 Lippe, Giovanna 2 Pinato, Luca 1 Brustolon, Marina 1 Brunel, Louis Claude 3 Dabbeni-Sala, Federica 4; Email Address: federica.dabbenisala@unipd.it Maniero, Anna Lisa 1; Email Address: a.maniero@chfi.unipd.it; Affiliation:  1: d Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy.  2: 0 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, I-33100 Udine, Italy.  3: p Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, 32310 Tallahassee, Florida.  4: # Department of Pharmacology, University of Padova, Largo Meneghetti 2, I-35131 Padova, Italy.; Source Info: 10/19/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 41, p13214; Subject Term: MITOCHONDRIA; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: CATIONS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi049525k
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14856056&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trepagnier, E. H.
AU  - Jarzynski, C.
AU  - Ritort, F.
AU  - Crooks, G. E.
AU  - Bustamante, C. J.
AU  - Liphardt, J.
T1  - Experimental test of Hatano and Sasa's nonequilibrium steady-state equality.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/10/19/
VL  - 101
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 15038
EP  - 15041
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Most natural processes occur far from equilibrium and cannot be treated within the framework of classical thermodynamics. In 1998, Oono and Paniconi [Oono, Y. & Paniconi,M. (1998) Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 130, 29-44] proposed a general phenomenological framework, steady-state thermodynamics, encompassing non- equilibrium steady states and transitions between such states. In 2001, Hatano and Sasa [Hatano, T. & Sasa, 51(2001) Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3463-3466] derived a testable prediction of this theory. Specifically, they were able to show that the exponential average of Y, a quantity similar to a dissipated work, should be equal to zero for arbitrary transitions between nonequilibrium steady states, -ln(e-v) = 0. We have tested this strong prediction by measuring the dissipation and fluctuations of microspheres optically driven through water. We have found that -ln(e-v) 0 for three different nonequilibrium systems, supporting Hatano and Sasa's proposed extension of thermodynamics to arbitrary steady states and irreversible transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - FORAMINIFERA
N1  - Accession Number: 15001410; Trepagnier, E. H. 1,2 Jarzynski, C. 3 Ritort, F. 4 Crooks, G. E. 5 Bustamante, C. J. 1,2,6 Liphardt, J. 1,2; Email Address: Iiphardt@physics.berkeley.edu.; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Graduate Group and Departments of `Physics  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  3: Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  4: Departament de FIsica Fonamental, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain  5: Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  6: Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 10/19/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 42, p15038; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: FORAMINIFERA; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0406405101
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15001410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fontes, Christopher J.
AU  - Zhang, Hong Lin
AU  - Abdallah, Joseph
T1  - All Overview of Relativistic Distorted-Wave Cross Sections.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 49
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Over the past twenty years significant progress has been made in calculating the vast amounts of relativistic atomic data that are required to model heavy element, non-LTE plasmas. A number of the relevant processes, including electron-impact excitation, photoionization, autoionization and electron-impact ionization, involve the computation of continuum electron wavefunctions. If the plasma consists of ions with sufficiently high charge, then the distorted-wave approximation is valid and can be used to compute these continuum orbitals and the corresponding cross sections. An overview of the relativistic distorted-wave approach is provided with an aim toward underscoring the similarities and differences with the longer established, nonrelativistic and semi-relativistic approaches. An example for extending the distorted-wave approach to less highly charged systems via the inclusion of resonance contributions to the cross sections is provided. Related topics, such as the top-up contribution, the high energy (Bethe) cross section limit, the Breit and Møller interactions, and transitions among magnetic sublevels are also discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 15043577; Fontes, Christopher J. 1 Zhang, Hong Lin 1 Abdallah, Joseph 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p41; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824855
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043577&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koch, J. A.
AU  - Barbee, T. W.
AU  - Dalhed, S.
AU  - Haan, S.
AU  - Izumi, N.
AU  - Lee, R. W.
AU  - Welser, L. A.
AU  - Mancini, R. C.
AU  - Marshall, F. J.
AU  - Meyerhofer, D.
AU  - Sangster, T. C.
AU  - Smalyuk, V. A.
AU  - Soures, J. M.
AU  - Klein, L.
AU  - Golovkin, I.
T1  - Core Temperature and Density Gradients in ICF.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 53
EP  - 60
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have developed a multiple monochromatic x-ray imaging diagnostic that uses an array of pinholes coupled to a multilayer Bragg mirror, and we have used this diagnostic to obtain unique multispectral imaging data of inertial-confinement fusion implosion plasmas. Argon dopants in the fuel allow emission images to be obtained in the Ar He-β and Ly-β spectral bands, and these images provide information on core temperature and density profiles. We have analyzed these images to obtain quasi-three-dimensional maps of electron temperature and scaled electron density within the core for several cases of drive symmetry, and we find quantitative and qualitative disagreement with one-dimensional hydrodynamics simulations. We also observed a two-lobed structure evolving for increasingly prolate-asymmetric drive. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - SYMMETRY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 15043576; Koch, J. A. 1 Barbee, T. W. 1 Dalhed, S. 1 Haan, S. 1 Izumi, N. 1 Lee, R. W. 1 Welser, L. A. 2 Mancini, R. C. 2 Marshall, F. J. 3 Meyerhofer, D. 3 Sangster, T. C. 3 Smalyuk, V. A. 3 Soures, J. M. 3 Klein, L. 4 Golovkin, I. 5; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-481, Livermore CA, 94550  2: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno NV  3: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester NY  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington DC  5: Prism Computational Sciences, Inc., Madison WI; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p53; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SYMMETRY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824856
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043576&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - May, M. J.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Schneider, M.
AU  - Terracol, S.
AU  - Wong, K. L.
AU  - Fournier, K.
AU  - Wilson, B.
AU  - Scofield, J. H.
AU  - Reed, K. J.
AU  - Brown, G.
AU  - Porter, F. S.
AU  - Kelley, R.
AU  - Kilbourne, C. A.
AU  - Boyce, K. R.
T1  - Measuring the Ionization Balance of Gold in a Low-Density Plasma of Importance to ICF.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
EP  - 70
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Charge state distributions (CSDs) have been determined in low density (≈1012 cm-3) gold plasmas having either a monoenergetic beam (EBeam = 2.66, 3.53 and 4.54 keV) or experimentally simulated thermal electron distributions (Te = 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 keV). These plasmas were created in the Livermore electron beam ion traps EBIT-I and EBIT-II. Line emission and radiative recombination features of Ni to Kr-like gold ions were recorded in the x-ray region with a crystal spectrometer and a photometrically calibrated microcalorimeter. The CSDs in the experimentally simulated thermal plasmas were inferred by fitting the observed 4f→3d and 5f→3d lines with synthetic spectra from the Hebrew University Lawrence Livermore Atomic Code (HULLAC). Additionally, the CSDs in the beam plasmas were inferred both from fitting the line emission and fitting the radiative recombination emission to calculations from the General Relativistic Atomic Structure Program (GRASP). Despite the relatively simple atomic physics in the low density plasma, differences existed between the experimental CSDs and the simulations from several available codes (e.g. RIGEL). Our experimental CSD relied upon accurate electron impact cross sections provided by HULLAC. To determine their reliability, we have experimentally determined the cross sections for several of the n=3→4 and n=3→5 excitations in Ni to Ga-like Au and compared them to distorted wave calculations. Recent Au spectra recorded during experiments at the HELEN laser facility are presented and compared with those from EBIT-I and EBIT-II. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 15043557; May, M. J. 1 Beiersdorfer, P. 1 Schneider, M. 1 Terracol, S. 1 Wong, K. L. 1 Fournier, K. 1 Wilson, B. 1 Scofield, J. H. 1 Reed, K. J. 1 Brown, G. 2 Porter, F. S. 3 Kelley, R. 3 Kilbourne, C. A. 3 Boyce, K. R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-260, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Deparment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20724  3: NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20700; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p61; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824857
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043557&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eidmann, K.
AU  - Andiel, U.
AU  - Pisani, F.
AU  - Hakel, P.
AU  - Mancini, R. C.
AU  - Abdallah, J.
AU  - Junkel-Vives, G. C.
AU  - Witte, K.
T1  - X-Ray Spectroscopy of Dense Plasmas Produced by Isochoric Heating with Ultrashort Laser Pulses.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 81
EP  - 93
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Hot plasma with temperatures up to 500 eV and densities close to solid state have been generated by focusing intense ultrashort laser pulses on flat solid targets. The heating process is attributed to the energetic electrons, which are created during the laser plasma interaction. They propagate deeply into the target and heat it isochorically. The laser was a frequency-doubled Ti:Sapphire laser with an energy of 60 mJ and a pulse duration of 150 fs. It was focused on layered plane solid targets with an incidence angle of 45° and p-polarized. The K-shell spectra emitted from thin Al sample layers embedded in solid carbon show features such as line broadening, line shift and strong satellite emission, which are characteristic of dense plasmas. The typical duration of the x-ray emission is a few ps. Al targets covered by a diamond layer show that the depth (expressed through areal density) up to which the target is heated is close to 1 mg/cm2, which corresponds to the range of 20 keV electrons. This means that a considerable fraction of 20 to 25% of the incident laser energy is deposited by the hot electrons in the target. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15043558; Eidmann, K. 1 Andiel, U. 1 Pisani, F. 1 Hakel, P. 2 Mancini, R. C. 3 Abdallah, J. 2 Junkel-Vives, G. C. 2 Witte, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Max Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85740 Garching, Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0058; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p81; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824859
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043558&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blancard, C.
AU  - Desjarlais, M. P.
AU  - Faussurier, G.
AU  - Recoules, V.
AU  - Renaudin, P.
T1  - Electrical Conductivities and Optical Reflectivities of Dense Aluminum Plasmas.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 97
EP  - 102
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present a model to describe the thermodynamic and transport properties of dense plasmas. The electronic and ionic structures are determined self-consistently using finite temperature density functional theory and the Gibbs-Bogolyubov inequality. The main thermodynamic quantities, i.e., internal energy, pressure, entropy, and sound speed are obtained by numerical differentiation of the plasma total Helmholtz free energy. Electronic electrical and thermal conductivities are calculated from the Ziman approach. Ionic transport coefficients are estimated using those of a hard-sphere system and the Rosenfeld semi-empirical “universal” correspondence between excess entropy and dimensionless transport coefficients of dense fluids. Numerical results and comparisons with quantum molecular dynamics calculations and experiments are presented and discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - SPACE plasmas
KW  - SPEED of sound
KW  - FLUID mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 15043559; Blancard, C. 1 Desjarlais, M. P. 2 Faussurier, G. 1 Recoules, V. 1 Renaudin, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Département de Physique Théorique et Appliquée, CEA/DAM Ile-de-France, B.P. 12 - F 91680 Bruyères-le-Chaâtel  2: Pulsed Power Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p97; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: SPACE plasmas; Subject Term: SPEED of sound; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824860
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043559&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heeter, R. F.
AU  - Hansen, S. B.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Foord, M. E.
AU  - Fournier, K. B.
AU  - Froula, D. H.
AU  - Mackinnon, A. J.
AU  - May, M. J.
AU  - Schneider, M. B.
AU  - Young, B. K. F.
T1  - Experiments on the Scaling of Ionization Balance vs. Electron and Radiation Temperature in Non-LTE Gold Plasmas.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 107
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Understanding and predicting the behavior of high-Z non-LTE plasmas is important for developing indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion. Extending earlier work from the Nova laser, we present results from experiments using the Omega laser to study the ionization balance of gold as a function of electron and radiation temperature. In these experiments, gold samples embedded in Be disks expand under direct laser heating to ne ≈ 1021cm-3, with Te varying from 0.8 to 2.5 keV. An additional finite radiation field with effective temperature Tr up to 150 eV is provided by placing the gold Be disks inside truncated 1.2 mm diameter tungsten-coated cylindrical hohlraums with full laser entrance holes. Densities are measured by imaging of plasma expansion. Electron temperatures are diagnosed with either 2ω or 4ω Thomson scattering, and also K-shell spectroscopy of KCl tracers co-mixed with the gold. Hohlraum flux and effective radiation temperature are measured using an absolutely-calibrated multichannel filtered diode array. Spectroscopic measurements of the M-shell gold emission in the 2.9–4 keV spectral range provide ionization balance and charge state distribution information. The spectra show strong variation with Te, strong variation with the applied Tr, at Te below 1.6 keV, and relatively little variation with Tr at higher Te (upwards of 2 keV). We summarize our most recent spectral analyses and discuss emerging and outstanding issues. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - TUNGSTEN
N1  - Accession Number: 15043560; Heeter, R. F. 1 Hansen, S. B. 1 Beiersdorfer, P. 1 Foord, M. E. 1 Fournier, K. B. 1 Froula, D. H. 1 Mackinnon, A. J. 1 May, M. J. 1 Schneider, M. B. 1 Young, B. K. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-472, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p103; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824861
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043560&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mazevet, S.
AU  - Kress, J.
AU  - Collins, L. A.
T1  - Quantum Molecular Dynamical Simulations of Warm, Dense Matter.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 148
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present an overview of Quantum Molecular Dynamics simulations applied to the general regime of warm, dense matter. The method provides a consistent set of static, dynamical, electrical, and optical properties for matter over a wide range of conditions from gases to solids. We demonstrate this capability through several illustrative examples: the equations of state of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen oxide; the viscosity of plutonium; and the optical properties of aluminum. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics -- Simulation methods
KW  - VISCOSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 15043564; Mazevet, S. 1 Kress, J. 1 Collins, L. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos,NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p139; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics -- Simulation methods; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824865
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043564&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ralchenko, Yu.
AU  - Lee, R. W.
AU  - Bowen, C.
T1  - Review of the Third Non-LTE Code Comparison Workshop.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 151
EP  - 160
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A review of the 3rd workshop on comparison of computer codes for modeling population kinetics in non-LTE plasmas is presented. We discuss the motivation for and advantages of such meetings, selection of test cases, and technical organization of the workshop. Some illustrative examples demonstrate the versatility and effectiveness of the developed approach to code comparison. The plans for future workshops are presented as well. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIZATION
KW  - POPULATION
KW  - WORKSHOPS (Adult education)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - MANUFACTURES
KW  - HUMAN ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 15043565; Ralchenko, Yu. 1 Lee, R. W. 2 Bowen, C. 3; Affiliation:  1: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD 20899-8422  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-399, PO. Box 808, Livermore CA 94550  3: CEA/DIF, BP 12, 91680 Bruyères-le-Chaâtel, France; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p151; Subject Term: ORGANIZATION; Subject Term: POPULATION; Subject Term: WORKSHOPS (Adult education); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: MANUFACTURES; Subject Term: HUMAN ecology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339999 All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339990 All other miscellaneous manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824866
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043565&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Magee, N. H.
AU  - Abdallah, J.
AU  - Colgan, J.
AU  - Hakel, P.
AU  - Kilcrease, D. P.
AU  - Mazevet, S.
AU  - Sherrill, M.
AU  - Fontes, C. J.
AU  - Zhang, H. L.
T1  - Los Alamos Opacities: Transition from LEDCOP to ATOMIC.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 168
EP  - 179
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper discusses the development of the ATOMIC code, a new low to mid Z opacity code, which will replace the current Los Alamos low Z opacity code LEDCOP. The ATOMIC code is based on the FINE code, long used by the Los Alamos group for spectral comparisons in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and for non-LTE calculations, utilizing the extensive databases from the atomic physics suite of codes based on the work of R. D. Cowan. Many of the plasma physics packages in LEDCOP, such as line broadening and free-free absorption, are being transferred to the new ATOMIC code. A new equation of state (EOS) model is being developed to allow higher density calculations than were possible with either the FINE or LEDCOP codes. Extensive modernization for both ATOMIC and the atomic physics code suites, including conversion to Fortran 90 and parallelization, are under way to speed up the calculations and to allow the use of expanded databases for both the LTE opacity tables and the non-LTE calculations. Future plans will be outlined, including considerations for new generation opacity tables. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - OPACITY (Optics)
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium
KW  - CHEMICAL equilibrium
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15043567; Magee, N. H. 1 Abdallah, J. 1 Colgan, J. 1 Hakel, P. 1 Kilcrease, D. P. 1 Mazevet, S. 1 Sherrill, M. 1 Fontes, C. J. 2 Zhang, H. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Applied Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p168; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: OPACITY (Optics); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium; Subject Term: CHEMICAL equilibrium; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824868
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043567&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Albritton, J. R.
T1  - NLTE/LTE Equation-Of-State Models.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 180
EP  - 189
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A model for non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) electron populations in a radiation-hydrodynamics simulation requires the description of the effects of high plasma density in its atomic-kinetics routine and also must return the electron pressure to the hydrodynamics routine. We describe a NLTE equation-of-state (EOS) model that satisfies these two requirements by substituting NLTE electron populations into a suitably formulated LTE EOS model. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - PLASMA density
N1  - Accession Number: 15043568; Albritton, J. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p180; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PLASMA density; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824869
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043568&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hakel, Peter
AU  - Kilcrease, David P.
T1  - CHEMEOS: A New Chemical-Picture-Based Model for Plasma Equation-of-State Calculations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
EP  - 199
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present the results of a new plasma equation-of-state (EOS) model currently under development at the Atomic and Optical Theory Group (T-4) in Los Alamos. This model is based on the chemical picture of the plasma and uses the free-energy-minimization technique and the occupation-probability formalism. The model is constructed as a combination of ideal and non-ideal contributions to the total Helmholtz free energy of the plasma including the effects of plasma microfields, strong coupling, and the hard-sphere description of the finite sizes of atomic species with bound electrons. These types of models have been recognized as a convenient and computationally inexpensive tool for modeling of local-thermal-equilibrium (LTE) plasmas for a broad range of temperatures and densities, We calculate the thermodynamic characteristics of the plasma (such as pressure and internal energy), and populations and occupation probabilities of atomic bound states. In addition to a smooth truncation of partition functions necessary for extracting ion populations from the system of Saha-type equations, the occupation probabilities can also be used for the merging of Rydberg line series into their associated bound-free edges. In the low-density, high-temperature regimes the plasma effects are adequately described by the Debye-Hückel model and its corresponding contribution to the total Helmholtz free energy of the plasma. In strongly-coupled plasmas, however, the Debye-Hückel approximation is no longer appropriate. In order to extend the validity of our EOS model to strongly-coupled plasmas while maintaining the analytic nature of our model, we adopt fits to the plasma free energy based on hypernetted-chain and Monte Carlo simulations. Our results for hydrogen are compared to other theoretical models. Hydrogen has been selected as a test-case on which improvements in EOS physics are benchmarked before analogous upgrades are included for any element in the EOS part of the new Los Alamos opacity code ATOMIC. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
N1  - Accession Number: 15043569; Hakel, Peter 1 Kilcrease, David P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Atomic and Optical Theory Group (T-4), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p190; Subject Term: CORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824870
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043569&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, G. V.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Graf, A.
AU  - May, M.
AU  - Terracol, S.
AU  - Thorn, D.
AU  - Boyce, K. R.
AU  - Cottam, J.
AU  - Gendreau, K. C.
AU  - Kahn, S. M.
AU  - Kelley, R. L.
AU  - Kilbourne, C. A.
AU  - Porter, F. S.
AU  - Szymkowiak, A. E.
T1  - Simulating Cometary and Stellar X-ray Emission in the Laboratory Using Microcalorimeters and an Electron Beam Ion Trap.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 212
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The mixing of atomic and macroscopic processes taking place in non-terrestrial objects creates complex, dynamic, and intriguing environments. High resolution x-ray spectra from these sources measured by satellites such as Chandra, XMM-Newton, and the Solar Maximum Mission provide a means for understanding the physics governing these sources. Laboratory measurements of the atomic processes have proved crucial to the interpretation of these spectra. For example using the LLNL electron beam ion traps EBIT-I & EBIT-II a detailed study of the x-ray spectrum of Fe XVII has been conducted addressing the large ratio predicted by theory compared to observations of considerably smaller values of the relative intensity of the 2p-3d 1P1 resonant to the 3D1 intercombination line. The difference was often attributed to opacity effects. However, laboratory measurements in the optically thin limit agree with observations demonstrating that the prediction is too large and opacity need not be invoked. The laboratory results thus provide a benchmark in the optically thin limit for accurate estimates of opacity effects . To uncover the source of the discrepancy between theory and observation, we have performed a series of experiments that successively uncovered more details about the Fe XVII lines produced in coronal plasmas. Most recently, we used a 32 channel array microcalorimeter from the Astro-E x-ray satellite program to measure the excitation cross section of various Fe XVII lines in the laboratory. These measurements resolve long-standing issues thought to be associated with non-equilibrium processes. We have also used the Astro-E microcalorimeter, and more recently its upgrade from the Astro-E2 project, and the magnetic trapping mode of EBIT-I to accurately measure x-ray emission from charge exchange recombination and to simulate the x-ray line production process in comets. Using only the laboratory measurements, we fit the moderate resolution x-ray spectrum from the comet C/Linear1999 observed by the ACIS-S CCD instrument on the Chandra X-ray Observatory . The good fit to the data shows that we are able to recreate in the laboratory the charge exchange process taking place in comets. With the launch of the Astro-E2 satellite in 2005, whose second generation XRS microcalorimeter array has an energy resolution of 6–7 eV, a factor of 20–30 better than Chandra’s ACIS-S CCD, high resolution spectra of comets should become available. These measurements coupled with the laboratory measurements at LLNL using the sister Astro-E2 calorimeter array, will make it possible to accurately diagnose the composition of the solar wind at various locations in the solar system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15043570; Brown, G. V. 1 Beiersdorfer, P. 2 Chen, H. 2 Graf, A. 2 May, M. 2 Terracol, S. 2 Thorn, D. 2 Boyce, K. R. 3 Cottam, J. 3 Gendreau, K. C. 3 Kahn, S. M. 4 Kelley, R. L. 3 Kilbourne, C. A. 3 Porter, F. S. 3 Szymkowiak, A. E. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20724  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-260, Livermore, CA 94550  3: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20770  4: Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305  5: Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p203; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824871
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043570&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hansen, Stephanie B.
AU  - Shlyaptseva, Alla S.
T1  - Effects of the Electron Energy Distribution Function on Line and Continuum Emission.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 222
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Effects of suprathermal (“hot”) electrons on the predictions of K- and L-shell non-LTE collisional-radiative atomic kinetics models are presented through an investigation of various electron distribution functions (EDFs) on collisional rates and spectra. It is shown that while most collisional rates are fairly insensitive to the functional form and characteristic energy of the hot electrons as long as their characteristic energy is larger than the threshold energy for the collisional process, collisional excitation and ionization rates are highly sensitive to the fraction of hot electrons. This permits the development of robust spectroscopic diagnostics that can be used to detect the presence of hot electrons from x-ray line emission spectra. Hot electrons are shown to increase and spread out plasma charge state distributions, amplify the intensities of emission lines fed by direct collisional excitation and radiative cascades, and alter the structure of satellite and EUV line emission features. The characteristic energy, functional form, and spatial properties of hot electron distributions in plasmas are open to characterization through their effects on high-energy continuum emission and on the polarization of spectral lines. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15043571; Hansen, Stephanie B. 1 Shlyaptseva, Alla S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics/220, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, 89557  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p213; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824872
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043571&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fournier, K. B.
AU  - Constantin, C.
AU  - Gregori, G.
AU  - Miller, M. C.
AU  - Back, C. A.
AU  - Suter, L. J.
AU  - Davis, J.
AU  - Grun, J.
T1  - Efficient multi-keV x-ray sources from Ti-doped aerogel targets.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 232
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We have measured the production of hv ≈ 4.7 keV x-rays from low-density Ti-doped aerogel (ρ ≈ 3 mg/cc) targets at the OMEGA laser facility (University of Rochester), with the goal of maximizing x-ray output. Forty OMEGA beams (λL = 0.351 μm) illuminated the two cylindrical faces of the target with a total power that ranged from 7 to 14 TW. The laser fully ionizes the target (ne/ncrit ≤ 0.1), and a laser-bleaching wave excites, supersonically, the high-Z emitter ions in the sample. Heating in the target was imaged with gated x-ray framing cameras and an x-ray streak camera. Ti K-shell x-ray emission was spectrally resolved with a two-channel crystal spectrometer and also with a set of filtered aluminum x-ray diodes, both instruments provide absolute measurement of the multi-keV x-ray emission. We find between 40 – 260 J of output with 4.67 ≤ hv ≤ 5.0 keV. Radiation-hydrodynamic calculations predict late time enhancement of the x-ray power due first to axial stagnation of the heating waves, then, ablatively-driven radial compression from the target walls. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - COLLOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 15043572; Fournier, K. B. 1 Constantin, C. 1 Gregori, G. 1 Miller, M. C. 1,2 Back, C. A. 1 Suter, L. J. 1 Davis, J. 3 Grun, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-41, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663 MS E540, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Alme & Associates, 6020 Richmond Highway, Alexandria, VA 22303  4: Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave., SW, Washington DC 20375; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p223; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824873
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043572&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Havener, C. C.
AU  - Rejoub, R.
T1  - Low Energy Charge Transfer With Multi-Charged Ions Using Merged Beams.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 730
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 244
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Charge transfer by multi-charged ions from neutrals is important in many types of plasmas, including those in material processing, lighting, ion source development, magnetic fusion, and astrophysics. Our current ability to reliably predict low-energy charge transfer relies on our understanding of the dynamics and our ability to model the quasi-molecular states formed during collisions. The ion-atom merged-beams apparatus together with the intense ion beams made available by the ORNL ECR ion source provide a unique opportunity to study charge transfer at low (meV/u to keV/u) collision energies. Experimental and theoretical evaluation of the recent ORNL benchmark measurements of the charge transfer cross sections for He2+, N2+, Ne2+, Ne3+, Ne4+ + H(D) are presented. The measured cross sections for Ne3+, Ne4+, N2+ + D show a strong increase toward low energies which is attributed to the ion-induced dipole attraction between reactants. The Ne2+, He2+ + H(D) systems show a sharply decreasing cross section toward lower energies where the effects of rotational coupling are evident and can be studied. The ECR ion source facility is being upgraded to provide high energy multicharged ion beams at (20–250) × q keV. The higher velocity beams will allow measurements with heavier ions and allow measurements to be performed with both H and D to directly test predicted isotope effects at low energies. With the recent addition of a Cs-negative ion source to the ion-atom merged-beams apparatus, eV/u collisions between multi-charged ions and multi-electron targets are being explored. Preliminary measurements of Ar2+ + Li are presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTIPLY charged ions
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ION sources
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15043573; Havener, C. C. 1 Rejoub, R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 730 Issue 1, p235; Subject Term: MULTIPLY charged ions; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824874
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wisniewski, D.
AU  - Wojtowicz, A.J.
AU  - Drozdowski, W.
AU  - Farmer, J.M.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
T1  - Scintillation and luminescence properties of Ce-activated K3Lu(PO4)2
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 195
SN  - 09258388
AB  - K3Lu(PO4)2:Ce single crystals have been studied under gamma, X-ray, VUV, and UV excitation. For all of the excitation forms, the luminescence of these materials is dominated by the d–f emission bands of Ce3+. The shape and position of these bands, however, depends on the form of the excitation and on temperature due to crystallographic structural phase changes and multiple types of Lu3+ ions sites in the which the Ce3+ ion can substitute for Lu. The highly efficient and fast scintillation of these materials is based on radiative recombination of electron-hole pairs via Ce ions, and the scintillation characteristics identify K3Lu(PO4)2:Ce as a promising fast and efficient scintillator. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - SCINTILLATION spectrometry
KW  - CERIUM
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - Crystal and ligand fields
KW  - Insulators
KW  - Luminescence
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14581699; Wisniewski, D. 1; Email Address: darekw@phys.uni.torun.pl Wojtowicz, A.J. 1 Drozdowski, W. 1 Farmer, J.M. 2 Boatner, L.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, N. Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6056 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6056, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 380 Issue 1/2, p191; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SCINTILLATION spectrometry; Subject Term: CERIUM; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal and ligand fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insulators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Luminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.03.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerlitzki, Niels
AU  - Meyer, Gerd
AU  - Mudring, Anja-Verena
AU  - Corbett, John D.
T1  - Praseodymium diiodide, PrI2, revisited by synthesis, structure determination and theory
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 380
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 218
SN  - 09258388
AB  - Praseodymium diiodide, PrI2, is obtained from the triiodide, PrI3, by reduction with praseodymium metal at elevated temperatures. The two modifications, PrI2-IV and -V, are obtained in different ratios upon fast and slow cooling, respectively. PrI2-IV crystallizes with the CdCl2 type of structure (trigonal, R-3m, <F>a=426.5</F>(1), <F>c=2247.1</F>(8) pm) while PrI2-V (cubic, F-43m, <F>a=1239.9</F>(2) pm) represents an own structure type that may be considered as a structural variant of the CdCl2 type with tetrahedral Pr4 clusters. To elucidate the electronic properties of the modifications of PrI2 first principles electronic band structure calculations have been carried out using the tight-binding linear-muffin-tin-orbital method (LMTO) as well as the full potential augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW). The band structure and the bonding were analysed in terms of projections of the bands onto orthogonal orbitals. It was especially focussed on Pr–Pr interactions by crystal orbital Hamiltonian population (COHP) analysis. The calculations show accordingly that a configurational crossover between a [Xe]6s05d04fn and a [Xe]6s05d14fn-1 configuration can be observed in the case of PrI2, depending upon the structure adopted. A higher d orbital contribution results in stronger Pr–Pr interactions. Thus, the driving force appears to be an optimisation of bonding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRASEODYMIUM
KW  - IODIDES
KW  - THEORY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Band structure
KW  - Crystal structures
KW  - Praseodymium diiodide
N1  - Accession Number: 14581703; Gerlitzki, Niels 1 Meyer, Gerd 1; Email Address: gerd.meyer@uni-koeln.de Mudring, Anja-Verena 2 Corbett, John D. 2; Email Address: jdc@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 6, D-50939 Köln, Germany  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 380 Issue 1/2, p211; Subject Term: PRASEODYMIUM; Subject Term: IODIDES; Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Praseodymium diiodide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.03.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ken Miyajima
AU  - Nakajima, Atsushi
AU  - Yabushita, Satoshi
AU  - Knickelbein, Mark B.
AU  - Koji Kaya
T1  - Ferromagnetism in One-Dimensional Vanadium -- Benzene Sandwich Clusters.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 126
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 13202
EP  - 13203
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article focuses on a study related to ferromagnetism in one-dimensional vanadium. Molecular magnets display novel properties that make them promising candidates for future applications in high-density information storage and quantum computing. The regulation of electronic and magnetic interactions between metal atoms in organometallic complexes has been investigated, for example, through studies of charge transfer in linear chains of alternating metallocenium donors and polycyano hydrocarbon acceptors.
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14879528; Ken Miyajima 1 Nakajima, Atsushi 1,2; Email Address: nakajima@chem.keio.ac.jp Yabushita, Satoshi 1 Knickelbein, Mark B. 3; Email Address: knickelein@anl.gov Koji Kaya 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan,  2: CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),  3: Department of Chemistry, Keio University, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439,  4: Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitaina 351-0198, Japan; Source Info: 10/20/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 41, p13202; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Le Roux, Erwan
AU  - Chabanas, Mathieu
AU  - Baudouin, Anne
AU  - Mallmann, Aimery De
AU  - Coperet, Christophe
AU  - Quadrelli, E. Alessandra
AU  - Thivolle-Cazat, Jean
AU  - Basset, Jean-Marie
AU  - Lukens, Wayne
AU  - Lesage, Anne
AU  - Emsley, Lyndon
AU  - Sunley, Glenn J.
T1  - Detailed Structural Investigation of the Grafting of [Ta(=CHtBu)(CH2tBu)3J and [Cp*TaMe4] on Silica Partially Dehydroxylated...
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 126
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 13391
EP  - 13399
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The reaction of [Ta(=CH(Bu)(CH2(Bu)3) or [Cp*Ta(CH3)4 with a silica partially dehydroxylated at 700 °C gives the corresponding monosiloxy surface complexes [(≡SiO)Ta(=CHtBu)(CH2tBu)2] and [(≡SiO)Ta(CH3)3Cp*] by eliminating a σ-bonded ligand as the corresponding alkane (H-CH2tBu or H-CH3). EXAFS data show that an adjacent siloxane bridge of the surface plays the role of an extra surface ligand, which most likely stabilizes these complexes as in [(≡SiO)Ta(≡CHtBu)(CH2/Bu)2(≡SiOSi≡)] (1a') and [(≡SiO)Ta(CH3)3Cp*(≡SiOSi≡)] (2a'). In the case of [(≡SiO)Ta(=CHtBu)(CH2tBu)2(≡SiOSi≡)], the structure is further stabilized by an additional interaction: a C-H agostic bond as evidenced by the small J coupling constant for the carbenic C-H (JC-H = 80 Hz), which was measured by J-resolved 2D solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The product selectivity in propane metathesis in the presence of [(≡SiO)Ta(=CHtBu)- (CH2tBu)2(≡SiOSi≡)] (1a') as a catalyst precursor and the inactivity of the surface complex [(≡SiO)Ta- (CH3)3Cp*(≡SiOSi≡)] (2a') show that the active site is required to be highly electrophilic and probably involves a metallacyclobutane intermediate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14879568; Le Roux, Erwan 1,2 Chabanas, Mathieu 1,2 Baudouin, Anne 1; Email Address: basset@cpe.fr Mallmann, Aimery De 1 Coperet, Christophe 1; Email Address: coperet@cpe.fr Quadrelli, E. Alessandra 1 Thivolle-Cazat, Jean 1 Basset, Jean-Marie 1; Email Address: lyndon.emsley@ens-lyon .fr Lukens, Wayne 1 Lesage, Anne 2 Emsley, Lyndon 3 Sunley, Glenn J. 4; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Chimie Organométallique de Surface (UMR 9986 CNRS/ESCPE Lyon), ESCPE Lyon, F-308-43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France,  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720,  3: Laboratoire de Chimie (UMR 5532 CNRS/ENS), Laboratoire de Recherche, Conventionné du CEA (23 V)1 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Jtalie, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France,  4: BP Chemicals Ltd., Hull Research and Technology Center, Saltend, Hull, HU128DS, UK.; Source Info: 10/20/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 41, p13391; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conradson, Steven D.
AU  - Begg, Bruce O.
AU  - Clark, David L.
AU  - Den Auwer, Christophe
AU  - Ding, Mei
AU  - Dorhout, Peter K.
AU  - Espinosa-Falier, Francisco J.
AU  - Gordon, Pamela L.
AU  - Haire, Richard G.
AU  - Hess, Nancy J.
AU  - Hess, Ryan F.
AU  - Keogh, D. Webster
AU  - Morales, Luis A.
AU  - Neu, Mary P.
AU  - Paviet-Hartmann, Patricia
AU  - Runde, Wolfgang
AU  - Tait, C. Drew
AU  - Veirs, D. Kirk
AU  - Viilella, Phillip M.
T1  - Local and Nanoscale Structure and Speciation in the PuO2+x-y(OH)2yzH2O System.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 126
IS  - 41
M3  - Article
SP  - 13443
EP  - 13458
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Pu L3 X-ray absorption fine structure spectra from 24 samples of PuO2+x (and two related Pu- substituted oxides), prepared by a variety of methods, demonstrate that (1) although the Pu sublattice remains the ordered part of the Pu distribution, the nearest-neighbor O atoms even at x = 0 are found in a multisite distribution with Pu-O distances consistent with the stable incorporation of OH- (and possibly H2O and H into the PuO2 lattice; (2) the excess O from oxidation is found at Pu-O distances < 1.9 Å, consistent with the multiply bound "oxo"-type ligands found in molecular complexes of Pu(V) and Pu(VI); (3) the Pu associated with these oxo groups is most likely Pu(V), so that the excess O probably occurs as PuO2 moieties that are aperiodically distributed through the lattice; and (4) the collective interactions between these detect sites most likely cause them to cluster so as give nanoscale heterogeneity in the form of domains that may have unusual reactivity, observed as sequential oxidation by H2O at ambient conditions. The most accurate description of PuO2 is therefore actually PuO2+x-y(OH)2yzH2O, with pure, ordered, homogeneous PuO2 attained only when H2O is rigorously excluded and the O activity is relatively low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - LINEAR algebras
N1  - Accession Number: 14879574; Conradson, Steven D. 1; Email Address: conradson@anl.gov Begg, Bruce O. 2 Clark, David L. 1 Den Auwer, Christophe 3 Ding, Mei 1 Dorhout, Peter K. 4 Espinosa-Falier, Francisco J. 1,5 Gordon, Pamela L. 1 Haire, Richard G. 6 Hess, Nancy J. 7 Hess, Ryan F. 1 Keogh, D. Webster 1 Morales, Luis A. 1 Neu, Mary P. 1 Paviet-Hartmann, Patricia 1 Runde, Wolfgang 1 Tait, C. Drew 1 Veirs, D. Kirk 1 Viilella, Phillip M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Menai NSW 2234, Australia,  2: Commissariat a I`Energie Atomique Marcoule, 30207 Bagnols sur Ceze Cedex, France.  3: Colorado State University, Fon Collins, Colorado 80523, Centro Marista de Estudios Superiores, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831,  4: Pacific Nonhwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  5: Colorado State University.  6: Centro Mansta de Estudios Superiores.  7: Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; Source Info: 10/20/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 41, p13443; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: LINEAR algebras; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - PARK, TUSON
AU  - SALAMON, M. B.
T1  - STUDY ON UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTORS VIA ANGLE-RESOLVED SPECIFIC HEAT.
JO  - Modern Physics Letters B
JF  - Modern Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 18
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 1205
EP  - 1223
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179849
AB  - The gap function in unconventional superconductors may vanish at points or lines in momentum space, permitting electronic excitations, termed "nodal quasiparticles", to exist at temperatures well below the superconducting transition. In the vortex phase, the presence of nodal quasiparticles should be directly observable through the variation of the heat capacity with the angle between a magnetic field and the location of the zeroes of the gap. The heat capacity of candidate nonmagnetic unconventional superconductors Lu(Y)Ni2B2C were found to exhibit fourfold oscillations with field angle, the first such observation. The observed angular variations are in quantitative agreement with theory, confirming that quasiparticles are created via Doppler shifts at nodes along <100>. Anomalous disorder effects have been also observed in the field-angle-dependent heat capacity Cp(α). In a slightly disordered sample, anomalous secondary minima along <110> appeared for μ0H>1 T, leading to an eightfold pattern. The coexistence of an anisotropic superconducting gap and nonlocal effects is shown to drive the anomalous behavior. These results demonstrate that field-angle-dependent heat capacity can be a powerful tool in probing the momentum-space gap structure in unconventional superconductors such as high-Tc cuprates, heavy fermions, borocarbides, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Modern Physics Letters B is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - nonlocal effects
KW  - specific heat
KW  - Unconventional superconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 15243875; PARK, TUSON 1; Email Address: tuson@lanl.gov SALAMON, M. B. 2; Email Address: salamon@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Source Info: 10/20/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 24, p1205; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonlocal effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: specific heat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unconventional superconductors; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ling, W.L.
AU  - Giessel, T.
AU  - Thürmer, K.
AU  - Hwang, R.Q.
AU  - Bartelt, N.C.
AU  - McCarty, K.F.
T1  - Crucial role of substrate steps in de-wetting of crystalline thin films
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/10/20/
VL  - 570
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - L297
EP  - L303
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Using low-energy electron microscopy, we show that de-wetting of Ag and Cu films on Ru(0001) occurs by 3-D islands migrating across step edges in the “downhill” direction. We have observed islands thicken by more than 50 atomic layers in this manner. The island migration allows 3-D growth to occur in a way that avoids the nucleation barrier associated with forming 2-D islands on top of 3-D islands. Indeed, without substrate steps this nucleation barrier is not surmounted, and no 3-D islands are formed in the films studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Copper
KW  - Growth
KW  - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM)
KW  - Models of surface kinetics
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Silver
KW  - Wetting
N1  - Accession Number: 14716887; Ling, W.L. 1 Giessel, T. Thürmer, K. 1 Hwang, R.Q. Bartelt, N.C. 1 McCarty, K.F.; Email Address: mccarty@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969-9161, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 570 Issue 3, pL297; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM); Author-Supplied Keyword: Models of surface kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wetting; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.07.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gascard, Philippe
AU  - Parra, Marilyn K.
AU  - Zhao, Zhiyong
AU  - Calinisan, Venice R.
AU  - Nunomura, Wataru
AU  - Rivkees, Scott A.
AU  - Mohandas, Narla
AU  - Conboy, John G.
T1  - Putative tumor suppressor protein 4.1B is differentially expressed in kidney and brain via alternative promoters and 5′ alternative splicing
JO  - BBA - Gene Structure & Expression
JF  - BBA - Gene Structure & Expression
Y1  - 2004/10/21/
VL  - 1680
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 82
SN  - 01674781
AB  - Protein 4.1B has been reported as a tumor suppressor in brain, but not in kidney, despite high expression in both tissues. Here we demonstrate that N-terminal variability in kidney and brain 4.1B isoforms arises through an unusual coupling of RNA processing events in the 5′ region of the gene. We describe two transcriptional promoters at far upstream alternative exons 1A and 1B, and show that their respective transcripts splice differentially to exon 2′/2 in a manner that determines mRNA coding capacity. The consequence of this unique processing is that exon 1B transcripts initiate translation at AUG1 (in exon 2′) and encode larger 4.1B isoforms with an N-terminal extension; exon 1A transcripts initiate translation at AUG2 (in exon 4) and encode smaller 4.1B isoforms. Tissue-specific differences in promoter utilization may thus explain the abundance of larger 4.1B isoforms in brain but not in kidney. In cell studies, differentiation of PC12 cells was accompanied by translocation of large protein 4.1B isoforms into the nucleus. We propose that first exon specification is coupled to downstream splicing events, generating 4.1B isoforms with diverse roles in kidney and brain physiology, and potentially unique functions in cell proliferation and tumor suppression. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BBA - Gene Structure & Expression is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TUMOR suppressor proteins
KW  - KIDNEYS
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - TISSUES
KW  - DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
KW  - FERM, Four.one (4.1)–Ezrin–Radixin–Moesin
KW  - FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
KW  - GFP, green fluorescent protein
KW  - HEK, human embryonic kidney
KW  - NGF, nerve growth factor
KW  - PBS, phosphate buffered saline
KW  - PC12 cells, pheochromocytoma 12 cells
KW  - PCR, polymerase chain reaction
KW  - PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride
KW  - RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends
KW  - SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate
N1  - Accession Number: 14717321; Gascard, Philippe 1 Parra, Marilyn K. 1 Zhao, Zhiyong 2 Calinisan, Venice R. 1 Nunomura, Wataru 3 Rivkees, Scott A. 2 Mohandas, Narla 4 Conboy, John G.; Email Address: JGConboy@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail stop 74-157, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA  3: Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-1666, Japan  4: Red Cell Physiology Group, New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10021, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 1680 Issue 2, p71; Subject Term: TUMOR suppressor proteins; Subject Term: KIDNEYS; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: TISSUES; Author-Supplied Keyword: DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; Author-Supplied Keyword: FERM, Four.one (4.1)–Ezrin–Radixin–Moesin; Author-Supplied Keyword: FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; Author-Supplied Keyword: GFP, green fluorescent protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: HEK, human embryonic kidney; Author-Supplied Keyword: NGF, nerve growth factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBS, phosphate buffered saline; Author-Supplied Keyword: PC12 cells, pheochromocytoma 12 cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride; Author-Supplied Keyword: RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends; Author-Supplied Keyword: SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2004.08.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14717321&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rodgers, Ryan P.
AU  - Reilly, Peter T.A.
AU  - Whitten, William B.
AU  - Michael Ramsey, J.
T1  - Real-time observation of metastable polymeric species formed from precursor soot
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/21/
VL  - 397
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 324
EP  - 328
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Micrometer-sized precursor soot particles were formed by pyrolysis of pure atmospheric-pressure acetylene in a flow tube reactor. Real-time analysis of both the gas and particle phases of the reactor effluent was performed with an ion trap-based aerosol mass spectrometer. Off-line analyses were also performed on the filter-collected reactor effluent. The real-time particle mass spectra revealed the presence of a polymeric mass distribution starting near 1000 Da and continuing to greater than 1750 Da. The spacing between the polymer peaks is approximately 70 Da. Comparison of real-time and off-line analyses reveals the metastable nature of the polymer-like high mass species. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROMETERS (Instruments)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - ACETYLENE
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
N1  - Accession Number: 14581077; Rodgers, Ryan P. 1 Reilly, Peter T.A.; Email Address: reillypt@ornl.gov Whitten, William B. 1 Michael Ramsey, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laser Spectroscopy and Microinstrumentation Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6142, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 397 Issue 4-6, p324; Subject Term: MICROMETERS (Instruments); Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: ACETYLENE; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332216 Saw Blade and Handtool Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332210 Cutlery and hand tool manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.126
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14581077&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guthrie, Malcolm
AU  - Tulk, Chris A.
AU  - Benmore, Chris J.
AU  - Klug, Dennis D.
T1  - A structural study of very high-density amorphous ice
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/21/
VL  - 397
IS  - 4-6
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 339
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Neutron and X-ray structure factor functions of very high-density amorphous (VHDA) ice have been measured and compared with those of the high- and low-density amorphous forms. The principal peak in the VHDA structure factor is sharper than that observed in the HDA ice form. Radial distribution functions (rdfs) indicate the local O⋯O separation is 2.83 Å, close to 2.85 Å estimated from earlier Raman measurements, but larger than that observed by empirical potential structure refinement simulation of neutron data. Perhaps more importantly the rdfs indicate a greater extent of ordering in VHDA ice, with observable coordination shells extending to at least 20 Å. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - X-rays
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - ICE
N1  - Accession Number: 14581079; Guthrie, Malcolm 1 Tulk, Chris A.; Email Address: tulkca@ornl.gov Benmore, Chris J. 1 Klug, Dennis D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontano, Canada K0A 0R6; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 397 Issue 4-6, p335; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: ICE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312110 Soft drink and ice manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312113 Ice Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.07.116
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14581079&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malli, Gulzari L.
AU  - Siegert, Martin
AU  - Turner, David P.
T1  - Relativistic and Electron Correlation Effects for Molecules of Heavy Elements: Ab Initio Fully Relativistic Coupled-Cluster Calculations for PbH4.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/21/
VL  - 99
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 940
EP  - 949
SN  - 00207608
AB  - Ab initio fully relativistic all-electron Dirac-Fock (DF) and nonrelativistic (NR) Hartree-Fock (HF) limit self-consistent field (SCF) benchmark molecular calculations are reported for the tetrahedral (Td) PbH4 at various Pb-H bond distances. Our fully relativistic Dirac-Fock and nonrelativistic HF calculations predict for a PbH4 bond distance of 1.75 and 1.82 Å, respectively. Both our DF and NR HF limit SCF calculations predict the ground state of PbH4 (Td) to be bound, with the predicted atomization energy (Ae) of 7.20 and 8.63 eV, respectively. There are antibinding effects due to relativity of ∼1.4 eV to the predicted atomization energy (Ae) of PbH4. Our relativistic four-component coupled-cluster singles and doubles (RCCSD) calculations, which correlate 50 electrons and include 302 active molecular spinors with energies up to ∼46 a.u. in the active space predict the relativistic second-order Møller-Plesset (RMP2), RCCSD and RCCSD (T) (RCCSD plus the triple excitation correction included perturbationally) correlation energies as -1.271, -1.161, and -1.186 hartree, respectively. The contribution of the RMP2, RCCSD, and RCCSD (T) electron correlation energies toward the atomization energy of PbH4 as predicted by our above-mentioned CC calculation is 3.78, 4.22, and 4.30 eV, respectively. We predict the NR and relativistic MP2, CCSD, and CCSD (T) atomization energies (Ae) for PbH4 at the optimized PbH bond distances as 12.72, 12.90, 1.77 and 10.98, 11.42, and 11.50 eV, respectively. With the inclusion of both the electron correlation and effects of relativity, we predict the atomization energy for PbH4  to be ∼10-11 eV. This should encourage experimentalists to devise new synthetic methods to prepare plumbane, so that its chemical and physical properties can be investigated as in the case of its lighter congeners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RELATIVISTIC quantum theory
KW  - ELECTRON configuration
KW  - SIZE reduction of materials
KW  - HEAVY elements
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - fully relativistic coupled-cluster calculations
KW  - molecules of heavy elements
KW  - PbH4
KW  - relativistic and electron correlation effects
N1  - Accession Number: 22312737; Malli, Gulzari L. 1; Email Address: malli@sfu.ca Siegert, Martin 2 Turner, David P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6  2: Academic Computing Services, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6  3: National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 99 Issue 6, p940; Subject Term: RELATIVISTIC quantum theory; Subject Term: ELECTRON configuration; Subject Term: SIZE reduction of materials; Subject Term: HEAVY elements; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: fully relativistic coupled-cluster calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: molecules of heavy elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: PbH4; Author-Supplied Keyword: relativistic and electron correlation effects; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/qua.20142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nóbrega, Marcelo A.
AU  - Zhu, Yiwen
AU  - Plajzer-Frick, Ingrid
AU  - Afzal, Veena
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
T1  - Megabase deletions of gene deserts result in viable mice.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/10/21/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7011
M3  - Article
SP  - 988
EP  - 993
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The functional importance of the roughly 98% of mammalian genomes not corresponding to protein coding sequences remains largely undetermined. Here we show that some large-scale deletions of the non-coding DNA referred to as gene deserts can be well tolerated by an organism. We deleted two large non-coding intervals, 1,511 kilobases and 845 kilobases in length, from the mouse genome. Viable mice homozygous for the deletions were generated and were indistinguishable from wild-type littermates with regard to morphology, reproductive fitness, growth, longevity and a variety of parameters assaying general homeostasis. Further detailed analysis of the expression of multiple genes bracketing the deletions revealed only minor expression differences in homozygous deletion and wild-type mice. Together, the two deleted segments harbour 1,243 non-coding sequences conserved between humans and rodents (more than 100 base pairs, 70% identity). Some of the deleted sequences might encode for functions unidentified in our screen; nonetheless, these studies further support the existence of potentially‘disposable DNA’in the genomes of mammals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIMAL genome mapping
KW  - ANIMAL genetics
KW  - MAMMALS
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - MICE
N1  - Accession Number: 14764721; Nóbrega, Marcelo A. 1 Zhu, Yiwen 1 Plajzer-Frick, Ingrid 1 Afzal, Veena 1 Rubin, Edward M. 1; Affiliation:  1: DOE Joint Genome Institute Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA, and Genomics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: 10/21/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7011, p988; Subject Term: ANIMAL genome mapping; Subject Term: ANIMAL genetics; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: MICE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature03022
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14764721&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breccia, L.
AU  - Delchamps, S.W.
AU  - Fiori, I.
AU  - Farinelli, G.
AU  - Freeman, J.
AU  - Jaffrey, T.
AU  - Kinney, W.
AU  - Koska, W.
AU  - Limon, P.
AU  - Mishina, M.
AU  - Pauletta, G.
AU  - Strait, J.
AU  - Zucchelli, S.
T1  - Test of 2000 phototubes for the CDF endplug calorimeter upgrade
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/10/21/
VL  - 532
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 575
EP  - 610
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Over 2000 photomultiplier tubes have been selected as the readout device of the upgrade CDF Endplug calorimeter, a scintillator tile sampling calorimeter with wave-shifter fiber readout. The specifications were set on various properties of the tubes for the electromagnetic and hadronic compartments and a series of rigorous tests were made on 2216 Hamamatsu R4125, 10-stage <f>19 mm</f> diameter tubes with green-extended bialkali photocathode. On all of the test items, the distributions of the data were well clustered with minor tails, and the original specifications based on a small ensemble were well suited for rejecting the tails of the distributions. After rejecting 5.4% of the total, 960 tubes for electromagnetic and 864 tubes for hadronic compartments were allocated to projective towers based on their linear dynamic ranges. Tubes with greater linear ranges were assigned to larger pseudo-rapidity channels where greater single-tower energy deposits were expected. This paper describes how we selected the phototubes for our calorimeter and presents the results of the study we made. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRIC cells
KW  - CALORIMETERS
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - Calorimeter
KW  - Collider
KW  - High energy physics
KW  - Phototube
N1  - Accession Number: 14648724; Breccia, L. 1 Delchamps, S.W. 2 Fiori, I. 1 Farinelli, G. 1 Freeman, J. 2 Jaffrey, T. 2 Kinney, W. 2 Koska, W. 2 Limon, P. 2 Mishina, M. 2; Email Address: mishina@fnal.gov Pauletta, G. 3 Strait, J. 2 Zucchelli, S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, University of Udine, Udine, Italy; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 532 Issue 3, p575; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRIC cells; Subject Term: CALORIMETERS; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calorimeter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collider; Author-Supplied Keyword: High energy physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phototube; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 36p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.122
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14648724&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikiforov, Andrey
AU  - Svetlova, Maria
AU  - Solovjeva, Lioudmila
AU  - Sasina, Lioudmila
AU  - Siino, Joseph
AU  - Nazarov, Igor
AU  - Bradbury, Morton
AU  - Tomilin, Nikolai
T1  - DNA damage-induced accumulation of Rad18 protein at stalled replication forks in mammalian cells involves upstream protein phosphorylation
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 323
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 831
EP  - 837
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - Rad18 protein is required for mono-ubiquitination of PCNA and trans-lesion synthesis during DNA lesion bypass in eukaryotic cells but it remains unknown how it is activated after DNA damage. We expressed GFP-tagged human (h)Rad18 in Chinese hamster cells and found that it can be completely extracted from undamaged nuclei by Triton X-100 and methanol. However, several hours after treatment with methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) Triton-insoluble form of GFP–hRad18 accumulates in S-phase nuclei where it colocalizes with PCNA. This accumulation is suppressed by inhibitors of protein kinases staurosporine and wortmannin but is not effected by roscovitine. We also found that methyl methanesulfonate induces phosphorylation of Ser-317 in protein kinase Chk1 and Ser-139 in histone H2AX and stimulates formation of single-stranded DNA at replication foci. Together, our results suggest that MMS-induced accumulation of hRad18 protein at stalled forks involves protein phosphorylation which may be performed by S-phase checkpoint kinases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - HAMSTERS
KW  - CELLS
KW  - METHYL methanesulfonate
KW  - DNA lesion bypass
KW  - Human Rad18 protein
KW  - Insolubilization
KW  - Methyl methanesulfonate
N1  - Accession Number: 14430910; Nikiforov, Andrey 1 Svetlova, Maria 1 Solovjeva, Lioudmila 1 Sasina, Lioudmila 2 Siino, Joseph 3 Nazarov, Igor 3 Bradbury, Morton 4 Tomilin, Nikolai; Email Address: nvtom@hotmail.com; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikchoretskii Av. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia  2: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Pavlov Str. 12, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia  3: Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA  4: Bioscience Division, MSM 888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 323 Issue 3, p831; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: HAMSTERS; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: METHYL methanesulfonate; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA lesion bypass; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human Rad18 protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Insolubilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methyl methanesulfonate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112999 All other miscellaneous animal production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.08.165
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14430910&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Harpham, Michael R.
AU  - Ladanyi, Branka M.
AU  - Levinger, Nancy E.
AU  - Herwig, Kenneth W.
T1  - Water motion in reverse micelles studied by quasielastic neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulations.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 7855
EP  - 7868
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Motion of water molecules in Aerosol OT [sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, AOT] reverse micelles with water content w0 ranging from 1 to 5 has been explored both experimentally through quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) and with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The experiments were performed at the energy resolution of 85 μeV over the momentum transfer (Q) range of 0.36–2.53 Å-1 on samples in which the nonpolar phase (isooctane) and the AOT alkyl chains were deuterated, thereby suppressing their contribution to the QENS signal. QENS results were analyzed via a jump-diffusion/isotropic rotation model, which fits the results reasonably well despite the fact that confinement effects are not explicitly taken into account. This analysis indicates that in reverse micelles with low-water content (w0=1 and 2.5) translational diffusion rate is too slow to be detected, while for w0=5 the diffusion coefficient is much smaller than for bulk water. Rotational diffusion coefficients obtained from this analysis increase with w0 and are smaller than for bulk water, but rotational mobility is less drastically reduced than translational mobility. Using the Faeder/Ladanyi model [J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 1033 (2000)] of reverse micelle interior, MD simulations were performed to calculate the self-intermediate scattering function FS(Q,t) for water hydrogens. Comparison of the time Fourier transform of this FS(Q,t) with the QENS dynamic structure factor S(Q,ω), shows good agreement between the model and experiment. Separate intermediate scattering functions FSR(Q,t) and FSCM(Q,t) were determined for rotational and translational motion. Consistent with the decoupling approximation used in the analysis of QENS data, the product of FSR(Q,t) and FSCM(Q,t) is a good approximation to the total FS(Q,t). We find that the decay of FSCM(Q,t) is nonexponential and our analysis of the MD data indicates that this behavior is due to lower water mobility close to the interface and to confinement-induced restrictions on the range of translational displacements. Rotational relaxation also exhibits nonexponential decay. However, rotational mobility of O-H bond vectors in the interfacial region remains fairly high due to the lower density of water-water hydrogen bonds in the vicinity of the interface. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WATER
KW  - REVERSED micelles
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - QUASIELASTIC light scattering
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - COLLOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 14688731; Harpham, Michael R. 1 Ladanyi, Branka M. 1; Email Address: Branka.Ladanyi@ColoState.edu Levinger, Nancy E. 1; Email Address: Nancy.Levinger@ColoState.edu Herwig, Kenneth W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872.  2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.; Source Info: 10/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 16, p7855; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: REVERSED micelles; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: QUASIELASTIC light scattering; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1792592
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kraack, H.
AU  - Ocko, B. M.
AU  - Pershan, P. S.
AU  - Tamam, L.
AU  - Deutsch, M.
T1  - Temperature dependence of the structure of Langmuir films of normal-alkanes on liquid mercury.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 8003
EP  - 8009
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The temperature dependent phase behavior of Langmuir films of n-alkanes [CH3(CH2)n-2CH3, denote Cn] on mercury was studied for chain lengths 19≤n≤22 and temperatures 15≤T≤44 °C, using surface tensiometry and surface x-ray diffraction methods. In contrast with Langmuir films on water, where molecules invariably orient roughly surface normal, alkanes on mercury are always oriented surface parallel and show no long-range in-plane order at any surface pressure. A gas and several condensed phases of single, double, and triple layers of lying-down molecules are found, depending on n and T. At high coverages, the alkanes studied here show transitions from a triple to a double to a single layer with increasing temperature. The transition temperature from a double to a single layer is found to be ∼5 °C, lower than the bulk rotator-to-liquid melting temperature, while the transition from a triple to a double layer is about as much below the double-to-single layer transition. Both monolayer and bulk transition temperatures show a linear increase with n with identical slopes of ∼4.5 °C/CH2 within the range of n values addressed here. It is suggested that the film and bulk transitions are both driven by a common cause: the proliferation of gauche defects in the chain with increasing temperature.© 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - TEMPERATURE effect
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - ALKANES
N1  - Accession Number: 14688716; Kraack, H. 1 Ocko, B. M. 2 Pershan, P. S. 3 Tamam, L. 1 Deutsch, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  3: Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.; Source Info: 10/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 16, p8003; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: MERCURY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE effect; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: ALKANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799993
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mielke, Steven P.
AU  - Fink, William H.
AU  - Krishnan, V. V.
AU  - Grønbech-Jensen, Niels
AU  - Benham, Craig J.
T1  - Transcription-driven twin supercoiling of a DNA loop: A Brownian dynamics study.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 8104
EP  - 8112
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The torque generated by RNA polymerase as it tracks along double-stranded DNA can potentially induce long-range structural deformations integral to mechanisms of biological significance in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In this paper, we introduce a dynamic computer model for investigating this phenomenon. Duplex DNA is represented as a chain of hydrodynamic beads interacting through potentials of linearly elastic stretching, bending, and twisting, as well as excluded volume. The chain, linear when relaxed, is looped to form two open but topologically constrained subdomains. This permits the dynamic introduction of torsional stress via a centrally applied torque. We simulate by Brownian dynamics the 100 μs response of a 477-base pair B-DNA template to the localized torque generated by the prokaryotic transcription ensemble. Following a sharp rise at early times, the distributed twist assumes a nearly constant value in both subdomains, and a succession of supercoiling deformations occurs as superhelical stress is increasingly partitioned to writhe. The magnitude of writhe surpasses that of twist before also leveling off when the structure reaches mechanical equilibrium with the torsional load. Superhelicity is simultaneously right handed in one subdomain and left handed in the other, as predicted by the “transcription-induced twin-supercoiled-domain” model [L. F. Liu and J. C. Wang, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 7024 (1987)]. The properties of the chain at the onset of writhing agree well with predictions from theory, and the generated stress is ample for driving secondary structural transitions in physiological DNA. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - TORQUE
KW  - RNA polymerases
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14688705; Mielke, Steven P. 1,2; Email Address: smielke@lifshitz.ucdavis.edu Fink, William H. 3 Krishnan, V. V. 2 Grønbech-Jensen, Niels 2,4 Benham, Craig J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California 95616.  2: Molecular Biophysics Group, L-448 Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616.  4: Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616.  5: University of California, Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616.; Source Info: 10/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 16, p8104; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: TORQUE; Subject Term: RNA polymerases; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799613
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalyuzhnyi, Yurij V.
AU  - McCabe, Clare
AU  - Whitebay, Eric
AU  - Cummings, Peter T.
T1  - Equation of state and liquid-vapor equilibria of one- and two-Yukawa hard-sphere chain fluids: Theory and simulation.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 8128
EP  - 8137
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The accuracy of several theories for the thermodynamic properties of the Yukawa hard-sphere chain fluid are studied. In particular, we consider the polymer mean spherical approximation (PMSA), the dimer version of thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPTD), and the statistical associating fluid theory for potentials of variable attractive range (SAFT-VR). Since the original version of SAFT-VR for Yukawa fluids is restricted to the case of one-Yukawa tail, we have extended SAFT-VR to treat chain fluids with two-Yukawa tails. The predictions of these theories are compared with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation data for the pressure and phase behavior of the chain fluid of different length with one- and two-Yukawa tails. We find that overall the PMSA and TPTD give more accurate predictions than SAFT-VR, and that the PMSA is slightly more accurate than TPTD. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14688702; Kalyuzhnyi, Yurij V. 1 McCabe, Clare 2; Email Address: c.mccabe@vanderbilt.edu Whitebay, Eric 2 Cummings, Peter T. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Svientsitskoho 1, 79011 Lviv, Ukraine.  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401.  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1604.  4: Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110.; Source Info: 10/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 16, p8128; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Quantum dynamics); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 8 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1798054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Adsorption isotherms of the fullerenes C60 and C70 on a tetraphenylporphyrin-bonded silica
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 1053
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 69
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Abstract: The single-component adsorption isotherms of the C60 (from 0 to 15 g/L) and C70 (from 0 to 8 g/L) buckminsterfullerenes on a tetraphenylporphyrin-bonded silica were acquired by frontal analysis, using a solution of toluene–1-methylnaphthalene (40:60, v/v) as the mobile phase. The best isotherm model derived from the fitting of these adsorption data was the bi-Langmuir model, a choice supported by the bimodal affinity energy distribution (AED) obtained for C60. The isotherm parameters derived from the inverse method (IM) of isotherm determination (by fitting calculated profiles to experimental overloaded band profiles of C60 and C70) are in very good agreement with those derived from the FA data. According to the isotherm parameters found by these three methods (FA, AED, IM), the tetraphenylporphyrin-bonded silica can adsorb 54 and 42 mmol/L of C60 and C70 fullerenes, respectively, a result that is consistent with the relative molecular size of these two compounds. The 20% lower surface accessibility for C70 is compensated by a three times higher equilibrium constant on the low-energy sites, giving a selectivity 3.6. Large volumes (0.2, 0.8 and 1.7 mL) of mixtures of C60 (3.2 g/L) and C70 (1.3 g/L) were injected and their elution profiles compared to those calculated from the competitive bi-Langmuir model derived from the single-component isotherm data. A good agreement is obtained between calculated and experimental profiles, which supports the two-site adsorption mechanism derived from the single-component adsorption data. The measurements of the influence of the pressure on the retention of C60 and C70 demonstrate that the partial molar volumes of the two buckminsterfullerenes are 12 mL/mol larger in the stationary than in the mobile phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Surface chemistry
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Fullerenes
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Adsorption isotherms
KW  - Affinity energy distribution
KW  - Band profiles
KW  - Buckminsterfullerenes
KW  - Frontal analysis
KW  - LC
KW  - Mathematical modelling
KW  - Methylnaphthalene
KW  - Preparative chromatography
KW  - Stationary phases
KW  - Stationary phases, LC
KW  - Tetraphenylporphyrin
KW  - Toluene
N1  - Accession Number: 19290453; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 415 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 1053 Issue 1/2, p59; Thesaurus Term: Surface chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric temperature; Thesaurus Term: Fullerenes; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Affinity energy distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Band profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buckminsterfullerenes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frontal analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: LC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mathematical modelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methylnaphthalene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Preparative chromatography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases, LC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tetraphenylporphyrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toluene; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.068
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hilder, Emily F.
AU  - Svec, Frantisek
AU  - Fréchet, Jean M.J.
T1  - Latex-functionalized monolithic columns for the separation of carbohydrates by micro anion-exchange chromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 1053
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 106
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Abstract: A novel stationary phase for micro ion chromatography has been prepared by coating a porous poly(butyl methacrylate–co-ethylene dimethacrylate–co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) monolith with quaternary amine-functionalized latex particles via simple electrostatic binding. This stationary phase enabled the separation of saccharides in the mobile phase with a high-pH value consisting of aqueous ammonia solution in anion-exchange mode using evaporative light scattering for detection. Effects of both porous properties of the monolithic stationary phase and chromatographic conditions on the separation ability were studied. Under optimized conditions, an efficient separation of seven saccharides was achieved in less than 10min. The stationary phase also enables the separation of saccharides obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn starch. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Methyl methacrylate
KW  - Saccharides
KW  - Carbohydrates
KW  - Latex
KW  - LC
KW  - Monolithic columns
KW  - Stationary phases
KW  - Stationary phases, LC
N1  - Accession Number: 19290457; Hilder, Emily F. 1; Svec, Frantisek 1,2; Email Address: svec@berkeley.edu; Fréchet, Jean M.J. 1,2; Affiliations: 1: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 1053 Issue 1/2, p101; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Methyl methacrylate; Subject Term: Saccharides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbohydrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Latex; Author-Supplied Keyword: LC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monolithic columns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases, LC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.125
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Ji-young
AU  - Li, Hung-Wing
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - Single-molecule spectroscopy for molecular identification in capillary electrophoresis
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 1053
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 179
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Abstract: The electrophoretic mobilities of individual DNA molecules were determined by using fluorescence imaging. The average mobility agreed well with that obtained in capillary electrophoresis (CE). The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) did not decrease in the presence of up to 8% plasma or 8% raw blood. Single-molecule detection was still possible in the presence of 50% raw blood. Single-molecule CE of two differently labeled molecules was carried out in the presence of a transmission grating. Even when the mobility difference is not sufficient because of low S/N, identification using different fluorescence wavelengths can be performed at >99% accuracy. So, when small differences in DNA sequence due to disease or mutation can lead to hybridization to labels with different dyes, the screening of the mutated DNA will be facilitated by online spectroscopy in addition to the electrophoretic information from CE. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Nucleic acids
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - DNA
KW  - Genes
KW  - Dyes
KW  - Single-molecule detection
N1  - Accession Number: 19290464; Lee, Ji-young 1; Li, Hung-Wing 1; Yeung, Edward S.; Email Address: yeung@ameslab.gov; Affiliations: 1: Ames Laboratory—US Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Issue Info: Oct2004, Vol. 1053 Issue 1/2, p173; Thesaurus Term: Nucleic acids; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: Genes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dyes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single-molecule detection; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.118
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGrane
AU  - S. D.
AU  - Moore
AU  - D. S.
AU  - Funk
AU  - D. J.
T1  - Shock Induced Reaction Observed via Ultrafast Infrared Absorption in Poly(vinyl nitrate) Films.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 9342
EP  - 9347
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Ultrafast laser shock generation methods and broad-band infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy have provided evidence that shock-induced chemistry in a condensed-phase energetic material occurs on a time scale of tens of picoseconds and involves the nitro group as a primary reactant. Femtosecond broad-band infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy was used to monitor films of the energetic polymer poly(vinyl nitrate) during shock loading and rarefaction. At ~18 GPa, poly(vinyl nitrate) films exhibited loss of absorption in the nitro group stretch modes that did not recover upon rarefaction, providing an indication of initial chemical reaction. At pressures ≤9 GPa, the observed spectral changes are ascribed to thin film optical interference effects, without chemical reaction. The loss of infrared absorption required an induction time of tens of picoseconds after shock passage, supporting reaction mechanisms that require vibrational energy transfer rather than prompt reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - SOLID state electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 16387063; McGrane S. D. 1 Moore D. S. 1 Funk D. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Dynamic Experimentation Division, DX-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS P952, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 43, p9342; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Solovyov, Vyacheslav F.
AU  - Wiesmann, Harold J.
AU  - Wu, Li-Jun
AU  - Suenaga, Masaki
AU  - Venkataraman, Kartik
AU  - Maroni, Victor A.
T1  - A new technique for the growth of epitaxial YBCO using spray pyrolysis
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 415
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 125
EP  - 132
SN  - 09214534
AB  - A new technique for the growth of epitaxial c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7 using spray pyrolysis at atmospheric pressure is described. The technique consists of three steps: the deposition of an oxide precursor by spray pyrolysis of a nitrate solution, fluorination of the oxide precursor in an atmosphere containing a fluorinated gas, and finally, growth of YBa2Cu3O7 by the conventional ex situ process. The microstructure of both the oxide and fluorinated precursor is described along with data on the rate of fluorination. We have routinely achieved critical currents of 0.5MA/cm2 for 1μm thick films at 77K in self-field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - PYROLYSIS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - FLUORINATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14581146; Solovyov, Vyacheslav F.; Email Address: solov@bnl.gov Wiesmann, Harold J. 1 Wu, Li-Jun 1 Suenaga, Masaki 1 Venkataraman, Kartik 2 Maroni, Victor A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 76 Cornell Avenue, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 415 Issue 3, p125; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: PYROLYSIS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: FLUORINATION; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.08.006
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bragg, A. E.
AU  - Verlet, J. R. R.
AU  - Kammrath, A.
AU  - Cheshnovsky, O.
AU  - Neumark, D. M.
T1  - Hydrated Electron Dynamics: From Clusters to Bulk.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5696
M3  - Article
SP  - 669
EP  - 671
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The electronic relaxation dynamics of size-selected (H[sub 2]O)[sub n]∼/(D[sub2]O)[sub n]- [25 ≤ n ≤ 50] clusters have been studied with time-resolved photoelectron imaging. The excess electron (e[sup -][sub c]) was excited through the e[sup -][sub c](p) ← e[sup -][sub c](s) transition with an ultrafast laser pulse, with subsequent evolution of the excited state monitored with photodetachment and photoelectron imaging. All clusters exhibited p-state population decay with concomitant s-state repopulation (internal conversion) on time scales ranging from 180 to 130 femtoseconds for (H[sub 2]O)[sub n][sup -] and 400 to 225 femtoseconds for (D[sub 2]O)[sub n][sup -]; the lifetimes decrease with increasing cluster sizes. Our results support the "nonadiabatic relaxation" mechanism for the bulk hydrated electron (e[sup -][sub aq]), which invokes a 50-femtosecond e[sup -][sub aq] (p) → e[sup -][sub aq] (s†) internal conversion lifetime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - PHOTOELECTRONS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - RELAXATION phenomena
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14884267; Bragg, A. E. 1 Verlet, J. R. R. 1 Kammrath, A. 1 Cheshnovsky, O. 2 Neumark, D. M. 1,3; Email Address: dan@radon.cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: School of Chemistry, The Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Israel.  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 10/22/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5696, p669; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRONS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: RELAXATION phenomena; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3091
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kemner, Kenneth M.
AU  - Kelly, Shelly D.
AU  - Lai, Barry
AU  - Maser, Joerg
AU  - O'Loughlin, Edward J.
AU  - Sholto-Douglas, Deirdre
AU  - Cai, Zhonghou
AU  - Schneegurt, Mark A.
AU  - Kulpa Jr., Charles F.
AU  - Nealson, Kenneth H.
T1  - Elemental and Redox Analysis of Single Bacterial Cells by X-ray Microbeam Analysis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/10/22/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5696
M3  - Article
SP  - 686
EP  - 687
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - High-energy x-ray fluorescence measurements were used to make elemental maps and qualitative chemical analyses of individual Pseudomonas fluorescens strain NCIMB 11764 cells. Marked differences between planktonic and adhered cells were seen in the morphology, elemental composition, and sensitivity to Cr(VI) of hydrated cells at spatial scales of 150 nm. This technology can be applied to natural geomicrobiological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - PLANKTON
KW  - MORPHOLOGY
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - CELLS
N1  - Accession Number: 14884272; Kemner, Kenneth M. 1; Email Address: kemner@anl.gov Kelly, Shelly D. 1 Lai, Barry 1 Maser, Joerg 1 O'Loughlin, Edward J. 1 Sholto-Douglas, Deirdre 1 Cai, Zhonghou 1 Schneegurt, Mark A. 2 Kulpa Jr., Charles F. 3 Nealson, Kenneth H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division and Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4843, USA.  2: Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA.  3: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.  4: Department of Earth Sciences, Mail Code 0740, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0740, USA.; Source Info: 10/22/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5696, p686; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PLANKTON; Subject Term: MORPHOLOGY; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: CELLS; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1437
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Teplin, Charles W.
AU  - Kaydanova, Tatiana
AU  - Young, David L.
AU  - Perkins, John D.
AU  - Ginley, David S.
AU  - Ode, Aiko
AU  - Readey, Dennis W.
T1  - A simple method for the preparation of transparent p-type Ca-doped CuInO2 films: Pulsed-laser deposition from air-sintered Ca-doped Cu2In2O5 targets.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 85
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3789
EP  - 3791
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We report the deposition of single-phase undoped and Ca-doped CuInO2 thin films from a readily synthesized source target of Cu2In2O5—circumventing the very difficult fabrication of CuInO2 targets. X-ray diffraction shows that single-phase materials were obtained over a range of substrate temperatures and deposition pressures. p-type conductivities are measured to be ∼3×10-3 S/cm, comparable to the best films previously reported. The optical properties of the films were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ISOSTATIC pressing
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - ELLIPSOMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14909827; Teplin, Charles W. 1; Email Address: charles_teplin@nrel.gov Kaydanova, Tatiana 1 Young, David L. 1 Perkins, John D. 1 Ginley, David S. 1 Ode, Aiko 2 Readey, Dennis W. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401  2: Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 10/25/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 17, p3789; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ISOSTATIC pressing; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: ELLIPSOMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808498
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, S.
AU  - Zhang, P.
AU  - Gessert, T.
AU  - Mascarenhas, A.
T1  - Near-field optical beam-induced currents in CdTe/CdS solar cells: Direct measurement of enhanced photoresponse at grain boundaries.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 85
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3854
EP  - 3856
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using near-field optical beam induced current, we spatially resolve the photocurrent in polycrystalline CdTe/CdS solar cells, and observe increased photocurrent collection at grain boundaries (relative to the intragrain volume). This observation supports previously reported hypotheses that grain boundaries present a hole-barrier, thereby assisting in charge separation at the grain boundaries in these devices. The results offer compelling evidence, in an actual working-device structure, of the role of grain boundaries in explaining the surprisingly high performance of these highly defected devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SOLAR energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14909805; Smith, S. 1; Email Address: steve_smith@mailaps.org Zhang, P. 1 Gessert, T. 1 Mascarenhas, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: 10/25/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 17, p3854; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809271
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chernobrod, B. M.
AU  - Berman, G. P.
AU  - Milonni, P. W.
T1  - Improving the sensitivity of frequency modulation spectroscopy using nanomechanical cantilevers.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 85
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 3896
EP  - 3898
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - It is suggested that nanomechanical cantilevers can be employed as high-Q filters to circumvent laser noise limitations on the sensitivity of frequency modulation spectroscopy. In this approach, a cantilever is actuated by the radiation pressure of the amplitude modulated light that emerges from an absorber. Numerical estimates indicate that laser intensity noise will not prevent a cantilever from operating in the thermal noise limit, where the high Q’s of cantilevers are most advantageous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - MODULATION spectroscopy
KW  - RADIATION pressure
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14909791; Chernobrod, B. M. 1 Berman, G. P. 1; Email Address: gpb@lanl.gov Milonni, P. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 10/25/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 17, p3896; Subject Term: MODULATION spectroscopy; Subject Term: RADIATION pressure; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809275
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macht, Josef
AU  - Baertsch, Chelsey D.
AU  - May-Lozano, Marcos
AU  - Soled, Stuart L.
AU  - Wang, Yong
AU  - Iglesia, Enrique
T1  - Support effects on Brønsted acid site densities and alcohol dehydration turnover rates on tungsten oxide domains
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 227
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 479
EP  - 491
SN  - 00219517
AB  - The effects of support identity on catalytic 2-butanol dehydration rates, Brønsted acid site density, and reducibility are examined for WOx domains supported on ZrO2, Al2O3, SiO2 (MCM41), and SnO2. On WOx–Al2O3, 2-butanol dehydration rates (per W atom) increased with increasing WOx surface density and reached maximum values at WOx surface densities (9–10 W nm-2) similar to those required for two-dimensional polytungstates, as also found on WOx–ZrO2. UV–visible edge energies showed that WOx domains become larger as WOx surface density increases. Selective titration of Brønsted acid sites by sterically hindered 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine during 2-butanol dehydration reaction showed that this reaction occurs predominately on Brønsted acid sites for WOx domains on ZrO2, Al2O3, SiO2, and SnO2 supports. Pre-edge features appear in the UV–visible spectra of WOx–Al2O3 samples during 2-butanol dehydration and their intensity increases with WOx surface density in parallel with measured Brønsted acid site densities and dehydration rates (per W atom). These d–d electronic transitions reflect the formation of reduced centers, consisting of acidic  species, using 2-butanol as a stoichiometric reductant. These processes resemble those on WOx–ZrO2, indicating that temporary acid sites generally form from neutral WOx precursors on all supports. Dehydration turnover rates (per Brønsted acid site) were unaffected by the identity of the support, but for a given WOx surface density, the number of reduced centers and the density of Brønsted acid sites, but not their intrinsic reactivity, depend on the identity of the support; both reduced centers and Brønsted acid sites are more abundant on ZrO2-supported than on Al2O3-supported samples, as a result of electronic isolation of WOx domains on the more insulating and unreducible Al2O3 supports. The dehydration regioselectivity on Brønsted acid sites is strongly influenced by support, with more electropositive support cations leading to stronger interactions between α-hydrogens in reactants and lattice oxygens, favoring sterically hindered transition states required for the formation of cis-2-butene. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUTANOL
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - VOLUMETRIC analysis
KW  - POLYTUNGSTATES
KW  - Brønsted acid site density
KW  - In situ UV–vis spectroscopy
KW  - Support effects
KW  - Titration by hindered amines
KW  - Tungsten oxide catalysts
N1  - Accession Number: 14582970; Macht, Josef 1 Baertsch, Chelsey D. 1 May-Lozano, Marcos 1 Soled, Stuart L. 2 Wang, Yong 3 Iglesia, Enrique; Email Address: iglesia@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, Corporate Strategic Research, Annandale, NJ 08801, USA  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 227 Issue 2, p479; Subject Term: BUTANOL; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: VOLUMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: POLYTUNGSTATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brønsted acid site density; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ UV–vis spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Support effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titration by hindered amines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten oxide catalysts; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.08.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Disselkamp, R.S.
AU  - Chin, Ya-Huei
AU  - Peden, C.H.F.
T1  - The effect of cavitating ultrasound on the heterogeneous aqueous hydrogenation of 3-buten-2-ol on Pd-black
JO  - Journal of Catalysis
JF  - Journal of Catalysis
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 227
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 552
EP  - 555
SN  - 00219517
AB  - The effect of ultrasound at 20 kHz on the heterogeneous aqueous hydrogenation of 3-buten-2-ol employing a Pd-black catalyst has been studied isothermally at 295 K, forming 2-butanone and 2-butanol products. Our work here shows that adding 1-pentanol as an inert dopant had the effect of inducing cavitation in the ultrasound-treated reaction where it otherwise would not occur. The selectivity showed a 700% increase toward 2-butanol formation and the activity enhanced a factor of 10.8 compared to the noncavitating high-power ultrasound experiment. This study demonstrates that “inert dopants” may have use as synthetic tools in sonocatalysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Catalysis is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - CAVITATION
KW  - TWO-phase flow
KW  - Cavitation
KW  - Hydrogenation
KW  - Inert dopant
KW  - Sonocatalysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14582979; Disselkamp, R.S.; Email Address: robert.disselkamp@pnl.gov Chin, Ya-Huei 1 Peden, C.H.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Q Avenue, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 227 Issue 2, p552; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: CAVITATION; Subject Term: TWO-phase flow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cavitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogenation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inert dopant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sonocatalysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.08.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - X.
AU  - Hanson
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Szanyi
AU  - J.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
T1  - Interaction of H2O and NO2 with BaY Faujasite:  Complex Contraction/Expansion Behavior of the Zeolite Unit Cell.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 108
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 16613
EP  - 16616
SN  - 15206106
AB  - In situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction in combination with the Rietveld method was used to study the contraction/expansion behavior of a BaY faujasite zeolite during dehydration and NO2 adsorption/desorption reactions. The adsorption of water and NO2 molecules induced a significant contraction of the zeolite unit cell. The unexpected contraction of the unit cell was closely related to the amount of water and NOx species (NO+, NO2, NO3-) inside the framework. The reaction H2O + NO2 → NO3- + H+ had a substantial effect on the structural properties of the BaY system. The NO3- groups produced a shift in the position of the Ba cations and a reduction in the zeolite unit cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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KW  - ZEOLITES
KW  - SILICATE minerals
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 21814922; Wang X. 1 Hanson J. C. 1 Szanyi J. 1 Rodriguez J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 43, p16613; Subject Term: ZEOLITES; Subject Term: SILICATE minerals; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rim
AU  - K. T.
AU  - Muller
AU  - T.
AU  - Fitts
AU  - J. P.
AU  - Adib
AU  - K.
AU  - Camillone
AU  - N.
AU  - III
AU  - Osgood
AU  - R. M.
AU  - Batista
AU  - E. R.
AU  - Friesner
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Joyce
AU  - S. A.
AU  - Flynn
T1  - Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Theoretical Study of Competitive Reactions in the Dissociative Chemisorption of CCl4 on Iron Oxide Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 108
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 16753
EP  - 16760
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Variable temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (VT STM) and theoretical ab initio computer simulations were used to study dissociative chemisorption and competitive surface chemistry of CCl4 on an iron-terminated Fe3O4 (111) 2 × 2 surface in an ultrahigh vacuum. The Fe3O4 (111) surface was exposed to CCl4 molecules at 224 K, slowly annealed to 500 K (0.2 K/s), and scanned at room temperature. Two different chlorine species were observed only on the iron-terminated Fe3O4 (111) 2 × 2 surface due to chemisorption of CCl4, one on top of surface-terminating iron atoms (Cl bound to surface irons) and the other at 3-fold oxygen vacancy sites (Cl bound to subsurface irons). The ratio of the number of chlorine species on top sites to the number at 3-fold oxygen vacancy sites is approximately 9:1, which is dramatically different from the 1:10 ratio observed when CCl4 is dosed at room temperature. The difference in the ratio of these two chlorine species can be explained with a competitive surface reaction picture in which phosgene evolution/surface oxygen atom abstraction, leading to chlorine species at 3-fold oxygen vacancy sites, can only favorably compete with recombination and association reactions, leading to chlorine atoms on top sites, near room temperature. Theoretical calculations were performed that predict an activation barrier of 0.16 eV for the production of phosgene from CCl4 reacting with the iron-terminated Fe3O4 (111) 2 × 2 surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
N1  - Accession Number: 21814944; Rim K. T. 1 Muller T. 1 Fitts J. P. 1 Adib K. 1 Camillone N. III 1 Osgood R. M. 1 Batista E. R. 1 Friesner R. A. 1 Joyce S. A. 1 Flynn; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, Materials Science Program, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 43, p16753; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buchanan
AU  - A. C.
AU  - III
AU  - Kidder
AU  - M. K.
AU  - Britt
AU  - P. F.
T1  - Molecular Orientation Effects in a Surface-Confined, Free-Radical Reaction.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 108
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 16772
EP  - 16779
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Molecular confinement on solid surfaces can have important consequences for chemical reactivity. Pyrolysis of silica-immobilized 1,3-diphenylpropane (DPP) at 375 °C has been examined in the presence of a series of isomeric (by point of attachment) co-attached hydroaromatic spacer molecules to explore the role of molecular orientation on a free-radical reaction under surface confinement. The DPP pyrolysis rate was found to be sensitive to both the structure of the spacer and its attachment orientation to the surface. Spacer molecules with a meta orientation of the benzylic hydrogens with respect to the surface linkage were found to produce faster reaction rates than the corresponding para-oriented spacers. Molecular modeling indicates that the meta-attached spacers are better able to attain a favorable separation and geometry for hydrogen transfer to intermediate surface-confined benzyl radicals in the hydrogen transfer, radical relay mechanism on the surface. These orientation effects have important implications in many fields including catalysis, solid-phase synthesis, and the design and preparation of new nanostructured materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 21814947; Buchanan A. C. III 1 Kidder M. K. 1 Britt P. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division,Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6197; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 43, p16772; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiong
AU  - L.
AU  - Seibert
AU  - M.
AU  - Gusev
AU  - A. V.
AU  - Wasielewski
AU  - M. R.
AU  - Hemann
AU  - C.
AU  - Hille
AU  - C. R.
AU  - Sayre
AU  - R. T.
T1  - Substitution of a Chlorophyll into the Inactive Branch Pheophytin-Binding Site Impairs Charge Separation in Photosystem II.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/10/25/
VL  - 108
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 16904
EP  - 16911
SN  - 15206106
AB  - All photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) have two parallel sets of electron transfer cofactors that cross the membrane. In quinone-type RCs (including photosystem II (PSII)), however, only one pathway (the active branch) is used for electron transfer. Since the electron transfer cofactors of each pathway have nearly identical distance and orientation relationships, it is assumed that local differences in protein environment determine the directionality of electron transfer. To understand further the factors that affect energy distribution among the PSII RC cofactors, we altered the PSII RC cofactor symmetry by replacing the inactive-branch pheophytin (Pheo) with a chlorophyll (Chl). We mutated the D1-L210 residue to a histidine (D1-L210H) to provide a Mg ligand for Chl. Analyses of the pigment composition of D1-L210H RCs indicated that the inactive-branch Pheo had been replaced by a Chl. Comparisons of wild-type and D1-L210 transient absorption spectra confirmed that the red-shifted Pheo Qx absorption band (543.5 nm) belonged to the active-branch Pheo. Surprisingly, intact D1-L210H PSII complexes were unable to evolve oxygen, lacked Chl variable fluorescence, (following a flash), and were unable to photoaccumulate reduced Qa, indicating that electron transfer in D1-L210H PSII complexes was severely perturbed. The kinetics of primary charge separation, however, were not substantially altered in D1-L210H RCs, indicating that the Chl substitution had not perturbed the energetics of the primary electron donor/acceptor pair. Significantly, intact D1-L210H PSII core complexes had a substantially increased and red-shifted Chl fluorescence emission band attributed to fluorescence from Chl''s of the distal antenna complex as well as a blue-shifted fluorescence emission peak attributed to Chl''s of the proximal antenna complex (77 K). These results are interpreted in terms of a redistribution of the excited-state energy among the pigments of the RC multimer, leading to loss of the excited state via fluorescence in the D1-L210H mutant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - PLANT pigments
N1  - Accession Number: 21814964; Xiong L. 1 Seibert M. 1 Gusev A. V. 1 Wasielewski M. R. 1 Hemann C. 1 Hille C. R. 1 Sayre R. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 108 Issue 43, p16904; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: PLANT pigments; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cinco, Roehl M.
AU  - Robblee, John H.
AU  - Messinger, Johannes
AU  - Fernandez, Carmen
AU  - Holman, Karen L. McFarlane
AU  - Sauer, Kenneth
AU  - Yachandra, Vittal K.
T1  - Orientation of Calcium in the Mn4Ca Cluster of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex Determined Using Polarized Strontium EXAFS of Photosystem II Membranes.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/26/
VL  - 43
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 13271
EP  - 13282
SN  - 00062960
AB  - The oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II (PS II) in green plants and algae contains a cluster of four Mn atoms in the active site, which catalyzes the photoinduced oxidation of water to dioxygen. Along with Mn, calcium and chloride ions are necessary cofactors for proper functioning of the complex. The current study using polarized Sr EXAFS on oriented Sr-reactivated samples shows that Fourier peak II, which fits best to Mn at 3.5 Å rather than lighter atoms (C, N, 0, or Cl), is dichroic, with a larger magnitude at 100 (angle between the PS II membrane normal and the X-ray electric field vector) and a smaller magnitude at 80°. Analysis of the dichroism of the Sr EXAFS yields a lower and upper limit of 00 and 23° for the average angle between the Sr-Mn vectors and the membrane normal and an isotropic coordination number (number of Mn neighbors to Sr) of 1 or 2 for these layered PS II samples. The results confirm the contention that Ca (Sr) is proximal to the Mn cluster and lead to refined working models of the heteronuclear Mn4Ca cluster of the oxygen-evolving complex in PS II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ALGAE
KW  - DICHROISM
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CALCIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14894041; Cinco, Roehl M. 1,2 Robblee, John H. 1,2 Messinger, Johannes 2 Fernandez, Carmen 2 Holman, Karen L. McFarlane 2 Sauer, Kenneth 1,2 Yachandra, Vittal K. 2; Email Address: vkyachandra @lbI.gov; Affiliation:  1: Melvin Calvin Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-5230.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-5230.; Source Info: 10/26/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 42, p13271; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ALGAE; Subject Term: DICHROISM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CALCIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112510 Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112519 Other Aquaculture; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Karthikeyan, Subramanian
AU  - Qingxian Zhou
AU  - Zongbao Zhao
AU  - Chai-Lin Kao
AU  - Zhihua Tao
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Hung-wen Liu
AU  - Hong Zhang
T1  - Structural Analysis of Pseudomonas 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Deaminase Complexes: Insight into the Mechanism of a Unique Pyridoxal- 5 `-phosphate Dependent Cyclopropane Ring-Opening Reaction.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/26/
VL  - 43
IS  - 42
M3  - Article
SP  - 13328
EP  - 13339
SN  - 00062960
AB  - 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme catalyzing the opening of the cyclopropane ring of ACC to give α-ketobutyric acid and ammonia as the products. This ring cleavage reaction is unusual because the substrate, ACC, contains no abstractable α-proton and the carboxyl group is retained in the product. How the reaction is initiated to generate an α-carbanionic intermediate, which is the common entry for most PLP-dependent reactions, is not obvious. To gain insight into this unusual ring-opening reaction, we have solved the crystal structures of ACC deaminase from Pseudomonas sp. ACP in complex with substrate ACC, an inhibitor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-phosphonate (ACP), the product a-ketobutyrate, and two D-amino acids. Several notable observations of these structural studies include the following: (1) a typically elusive gem-diamine intermediate is trapped in the enzyme complex with ACC or ACP; (2) Tyr294 is in close proximity (3.0 Å) to the pro-S methylene carbon of ACC in the gem-diamine complexes, implicating a direct role of this residue in the ring-opening reaction; (3) Tyr294 may also be responsible for the abstraction of the α-proton from D-amino acids, a prelude to the subsequent deamination reaction; (4) the steric hindrance precludes accessibility of active site functional groups to the L-amino acid substrates and may account for the stereospecificity of this enzyme toward D-amino acids. These structural data provide evidence favoring a mechanism in which the ring cleavage is induced by a nucleophilic attack at the pro-S β-methylene carbon of ACC, with Tyr294 as the nucleophile. However, these observations are also consistent with an alternative mechanistic possibility in which the ring opening is acid-catalyzed and may be facilitated by charge relay through PLP, where Tyr294 functions as a general acid. The results of mutagenesis studies corroborated the assigned critical role for Tyr294 in the catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - CYCLOPROPANE
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
N1  - Accession Number: 14894046; Karthikeyan, Subramanian 1 Qingxian Zhou 1 Zongbao Zhao 2 Chai-Lin Kao 2 Zhihua Tao 2 Robinson, Howard 3 Hung-wen Liu 2; Email Address: h.w.liu@mail.utexas.edu Hong Zhang 1; Email Address: zhang@chop.swmed.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038.  2: Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712.  3: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 10/26/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 42, p13328; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: CYCLOPROPANE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abbamonte, P.
AU  - Blumberg, G.
AU  - Rusydi, A.
AU  - Gozar, A.
AU  - Evans, P.G.
AU  - Siegrist, T.
AU  - Venema, L.
AU  - Eisaki, H.
AU  - Isaacs, E.D.
AU  - Sawatzky, G.A.
T1  - Crystallization of charge holes in the spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/10/28/
VL  - 431
IS  - 7012
M3  - Article
SP  - 1078
EP  - 1081
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Determining the nature of the electronic phases that compete with superconductivity in high-transition-temperature (high- Tc) superconductors is one of the deepest problems in condensed matter physics. One candidate is the `stripe' phase, in which the charge carriers (holes) condense into rivers of charge that separate regions of antiferro magnetism. A related but lesser known system is the `spin ladder', which consists of two coupled chains of magnetic ions forming an array of rungs. A doped ladder can be thought of as a high-Tc material with lower dimensionality, and has been predicted to exhibit both superconductivity and an insulating `hole crystal' phase in which the carriers are localized through many-body interactions. The competition between the two resembles that believed to operate between stripes and superconductivity in high-Tc materials. Here we report the existence of a hole crystal in the doped spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41 using a resonant X-ray scattering technique. This phase exists without a detectable distortion in the structural lattice, indicating that it arises from many-body electronic effects. Our measurements confirm theoretical predictions, and support the picture that proximity to charge ordered states is a general property of superconductivity in copper oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - COPPER oxide superconductors
KW  - HIGH temperature superconductors
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - CRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14836589; Abbamonte, P. 1,2; Email Address: abbamonte@bnl.gov Blumberg, G. 3 Rusydi, A. 1,4 Gozar, A. 3,5 Evans, P.G. 6 Siegrist, T. 3 Venema, L. 4 Eisaki, H. 7 Isaacs, E.D. 3,8 Sawatzky, G.A. 9; Affiliation:  1: National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA  3: Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, USA  4: University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands  5: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA  6: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA  7: Nanoelectronics Research Institute, AIST 1-1-1 Central 2, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan  8: Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA  9: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada; Source Info: 10/28/2004, Vol. 431 Issue 7012, p1078; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: COPPER oxide superconductors; Subject Term: HIGH temperature superconductors; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature02925
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnes, T.
AU  - Close, F.E.
AU  - Dudek, J.J.
AU  - Godfrey, S.
AU  - Swanson, E.S.
T1  - Options for the SELEX state
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/10/28/
VL  - 600
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 230
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Abstract: We consider possible assignments for the , which was recently reported in and final states by the SELEX Collaboration at Fermilab. The most plausible quark model assignment for this state is the first radial excitation () of the , although the predicted mass and strong decay branching fractions for this assignment are not in agreement with the SELEX data. The reported dominance of over DK appears especially problematic. An intriguing similarity to the is noted. – configuration mixing is also considered, and we find that this effect is unlikely to resolve the branching fraction discrepancy. Other interpretations as a -hybrid or a two-meson molecule are also considered, but appear unlikely. Thus, if this state is confirmed, it will require reconsideration of the systematics of charmed meson spectroscopy and strong decays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 18323111; Barnes, T. 1,2; Email Address: tbarnes@utk.edu Close, F.E. 3; Email Address: f.close@physics.ox.ac.uk Dudek, J.J. 3; Email Address: j.dudek1@physics.ox.ac.uk Godfrey, S. 4; Email Address: godfrey@physics.carleton.ca Swanson, E.S. 5; Email Address: swansone@pitt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Rd., Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom  4: Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Physics, Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa K1S 5B6, Canada  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 600 Issue 3/4, p223; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.08.075
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sondermann, Holger
AU  - Soisson, Stephen M.
AU  - Boykevisch, Sean
AU  - Yang, Shao-Song
AU  - Bar-Sagi, Dafna
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural Analysis of Autoinhibition in the Ras Activator Son of Sevenless
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2004/10/29/
VL  - 119
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
EP  - 405
SN  - 00928674
AB  - The classical model for the activation of the nucleotide exchange factor Son of sevenless (SOS) involves its recruitment to the membrane, where it engages Ras. The recent discovery that Ras•GTP is an allosteric activator of SOS indicated that the regulation of SOS is more complex than originally envisaged. We now present crystallographic and biochemical analyses of a construct of SOS that contains the Dbl homology-pleckstrin homology (DH-PH) and catalytic domains and show that the DH-PH unit blocks the allosteric binding site for Ras and suppresses the activity of SOS. SOS is dependent on Ras binding to the allosteric site for both a lower level of activity, which is a result of Ras•GDP binding, and maximal activity, which requires Ras•GTP. The action of the DH-PH unit gates a reciprocal interaction between Ras and SOS, in which Ras converts SOS from low to high activity forms as Ras•GDP is converted to Ras•GTP by SOS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - HOMOLOGY (Biology)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - BIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14869774; Sondermann, Holger 1,2 Soisson, Stephen M. 3 Boykevisch, Sean 4 Yang, Shao-Song 4 Bar-Sagi, Dafna 4 Kuriyan, John 1,2; Email Address: kuriyan@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  3: Laboratories of Molecular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA  4: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA; Source Info: 10/29/2004, Vol. 119 Issue 3, p393; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: HOMOLOGY (Biology); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: BIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jakel, Heidelinde
AU  - Nowak, Maxime
AU  - Moitrott, Emanuelle
AU  - Dehondt, Hélène
AU  - Hum, Dean W.
AU  - Pennacchio, Len A.
AU  - Fruchart-Najib, Jamila
AU  - Fruchart, Jean-Charles
T1  - The Liver X Receptor Ligand T0901317 Down-regulates APOA5 Gene Expression through Activation of SREBP-1c.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/29/
VL  - 279
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 45462
EP  - 45469
SN  - 00219258
AB  - Alterations in the expression of the recently discovered apolipoprotein A5 gene strongly affect plasma triglyceride levels. In this study, we investigated the contribution of APOA5 to the liver X receptor (LXR) ligand-mediated effect on plasma triglyceride levels. Following treatment with the LXR ligand T0901317, we found that APOA5 mRNA levels were decreased in hepatoma cell lines. The observation that no down-regulation of APOA5 promoter activity was obtained by LXR-retinoid X receptor (RXR) co-transfection prompted us to explore the possible involvement of the known LXR target gene SREBP-1c (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c). In fact, we found that co-transfection with the active form of SREBP-1c down-regulated APOA5 promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. We then scanned the human APOA5 promoter sequence and identified two putative E-box elements that were able to bind specifically SREBP-1c in gel-shift assays and were shown to be functional by mutation analysis. Subsequent suppression of SREBP-1 mRNA through small interfering RNA interference abolished the decrease of APOA5 mRNA in response to T0901317. Finally, administration of T0901317 to hAPOA5 transgenic mice revealed a significant decrease of APOA5 mRNA in liver tissue and circulating apolipoprotein AV protein in plasma, confirming that the described down-regulation also occurs in vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate that APOA5 gene expression is regulated by the LXR ligand T0901317 in a negative manner through SREBP-1c. These findings may provide a new mechanism responsible for the elevation of plasma triglyceride levels by LXR ligands and support the development of selective LXR agonists, not affecting SREBP-1c, as beneficial modulators of lipid metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEINS
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - BLOOD lipoproteins
KW  - LIVER
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - GENETIC regulation
N1  - Accession Number: 16412586; Jakel, Heidelinde 1 Nowak, Maxime 1 Moitrott, Emanuelle 1 Dehondt, Hélène 1 Hum, Dean W. 2 Pennacchio, Len A. 3 Fruchart-Najib, Jamila 1; Email Address: Jamila.Fruchart@genfit.com Fruchart, Jean-Charles 1; Affiliation:  1: Département d'Athérosclérose, UR545 INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille and Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille, 1 rue du Pr. Calmette BP 245, 59019 Lille Cedex, France  2: Genfit SA, Loos F-59120, France  3: Genome Sciences Department and Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 10/29/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 44, p45462; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: BLOOD lipoproteins; Subject Term: LIVER; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 8 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M404744200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whittier, Jennifer E.
AU  - Yijia Xiong
AU  - Rechsteiner, Martin C.
AU  - Squier, Thomas C.
T1  - Hsp90 Enhances Degradation of Oxidized Calmodulin by the 20 S Proteasome.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/10/29/
VL  - 279
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 46135
EP  - 46142
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The 20 S proteasome has been suggested to play a critical role in mediating the degradation of abnormal proteins under conditions of oxidative stress and has been found in tight association with the molecular chaperone Hsp90. To elucidate the role of Hsp90 in promoting the degradation of oxidized calmodulin (CaMox), we have purified red blood cell 20 S proteasomes free of Hsp90 and assessed their ability to degrade CaMox in the absence or presence of Hsp90. Purified 20 S proteasome does not degrade CaMox unless Hsp90 is added. CaMox degradation is sensitive to both proteasome and Hsp90-specific inhibitors and is further enhanced in the presence of 2 mM ATP. Irrespective of the presence of Hsp90, we find that unoxidized CaM is not significantly degraded. Direct binding measurements demonstrate that Hsp90 selectively associates with CaMox; essentially no binding is observed between Hsp90 and unoxidized CaM. These results indicate that Hsp90 in association with the 20 S proteasome can selectively associate with oxidized and partially unfolded CaM to promote degradation by the proteasome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT shock proteins
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - OXIDATIVE stress
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - STRESS (Physiology)
KW  - CALMODULIN
N1  - Accession Number: 16412663; Whittier, Jennifer E. 1 Yijia Xiong 1 Rechsteiner, Martin C. 2 Squier, Thomas C. 1; Email Address: thomas.squier@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Cell Biology and Biochemistry Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  2: Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132; Source Info: 10/29/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 44, p46135; Subject Term: HEAT shock proteins; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: OXIDATIVE stress; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: STRESS (Physiology); Subject Term: CALMODULIN; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M406048200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daëron, Mathieu
AU  - Benedetti, Lucilla
AU  - Tapponnier, Paul
AU  - Sursock, Alexandre
AU  - Finkel, Robert C.
T1  - Constraints on the post ∼25-ka slip rate of the Yammoûneh fault (Lebanon) using in situ cosmogenic 36Cl dating of offset limestone-clast fans
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/10/30/
VL  - 227
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 119
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - The most active seismogenic structure along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean is the N–S-trending left-lateral Levant Fault System (LFS), the plate boundary between Arabia and Africa. In Lebanon, it forms a 160-km-long restraining bend responsible for the uplift of Mount Lebanon. The resulting transpression is partitioned between the offshore Tripoli–Roûm thrust and the Yammoûneh strike–slip fault. There are few quantitative constraints on the Quaternary slip rate along the LFS. Here we present a direct estimate of the ∼25-ka mean slip rate on the Yammoûneh fault. Mapped offsets of alluvial fans at two sites ∼50 km apart on the eastern flank of Mount Lebanon range between 24±2 and 80±8 m. About 30 limestone cobbles sampled on these fans yield in situ cosmogenic 36Cl exposure ages mostly between 6 and 27 ka. A statistical assessment of offsets versus ages provides bounds on the Late Pleistocene–Holocene slip rate on the fault: 3.8–6.4 mm/yr. These results are consistent with long-term geological inferences, confirming that the Yammoûneh fault is the main strike–slip branch of the LFS in Lebanon. They illustrate both the potential and the difficulties of using in situ cosmogenic 36Cl dating of limestone-clast fan deposits for deciphering tectonic and geomorphic processes in the Mediterranean. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIMESTONE
KW  - CARBONATE rocks
KW  - CHALK
KW  - LIMESTONE gardens
KW  - active faulting
KW  - Cl-36
KW  - cosmogenic nuclides
KW  - Levant fault
N1  - Accession Number: 14648407; Daëron, Mathieu; Email Address: daeron@ipgp.jussieu.fr Benedetti, Lucilla 1; Email Address: benedetti@cerege.fr Tapponnier, Paul 2; Email Address: tappon@ipgp.jussieu.fr Sursock, Alexandre 3; Email Address: asursock@cnrs.edu.lb Finkel, Robert C. 4; Email Address: finkel1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: UMR 6635, Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement, BP 80, Europôle Méditerranéen de l'Arbois, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 4, France  2: Laboratoire de Tectonique, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France  3: Centre National de Géophysique, Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique, P.O. Box 165432, Ashrafieh, 1100-2040, Beirut, Lebanon  4: Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-206, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 227 Issue 1/2, p105; Subject Term: LIMESTONE; Subject Term: CARBONATE rocks; Subject Term: CHALK; Subject Term: LIMESTONE gardens; Author-Supplied Keyword: active faulting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cl-36; Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmogenic nuclides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Levant fault; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.07.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14648407&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gruenhagen, Jason A.
AU  - Lovell, Peter
AU  - Moroz, Leonid L.
AU  - Yeung, Edward S.
T1  - Monitoring real-time release of ATP from the molluscan central nervous system
JO  - Journal of Neuroscience Methods
JF  - Journal of Neuroscience Methods
Y1  - 2004/10/30/
VL  - 139
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 152
SN  - 01650270
AB  - The further understanding of neuronal function is imperative for the prevention and treatment of neurofunctional disorders. To aid in this realization, novel methods for monitoring neuronal cell function must be developed and characterized. In this study, we report the application of real-time imaging of luciferase-catalyzed ATP chemiluminescence for the investigation of ATP release from whole central nervous systems of the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Release of ATP from Lymnaea ganglia varied among the different ganglia as well as within individual ganglia. Furthermore, the magnitude of ATP release varied following the stimulation of neurons with common neurotransmitters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Neuroscience Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NERVOUS system
KW  - CENTRAL nervous system
KW  - NEURAL transmission
KW  - ORGANS (Anatomy)
N1  - Accession Number: 14717352; Gruenhagen, Jason A. 1 Lovell, Peter 2 Moroz, Leonid L. 2 Yeung, Edward S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: The Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL 32086, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 139 Issue 2, p145; Subject Term: NERVOUS system; Subject Term: CENTRAL nervous system; Subject Term: NEURAL transmission; Subject Term: ORGANS (Anatomy); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.03.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14717352&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Fengzhen
AU  - Zhu, Meifang
AU  - Wang, Qi
T1  - Anisotropic electronic transport in microcrystalline silicon thin films
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/10/30/
VL  - 331
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 432
EP  - 436
SN  - 03759601
AB  - Abstract: The three-dimensional cubic network was adopted to simplify the actual microcrystalline silicon film structure. The columnar growth character of film was imitated by an anisotropic network distribution and the effect of interfaces was considered during the calculation. The numerical calculation for the parallel and perpendicular conductivities as a function of crystalline volume fraction suggests a correlation between the film structure and its transport anisotropy. When , transport anisotropy vanishes. The simulation results agree well with the experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - 61.43.Bn
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Electronic transport
KW  - Microcrystalline silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 19303346; Liu, Fengzhen 1; Email Address: liufz@gscas.ac.cn Zhu, Meifang 1 Wang, Qi 2; Affiliation:  1: College of Physical Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 3908, Beijing 100039, China  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 331 Issue 6, p432; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.43.Bn; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microcrystalline silicon; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.09.036
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19303346&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Knobelspiesse, Kirk D.
AU  - Pietras, Christophe
AU  - Fargion, Giulietta S.
AU  - Wang, Menghua
AU  - Frouin, Robert
AU  - Miller, Mark A.
AU  - Subramaniam, Ajit
AU  - Balch, William M.
T1  - Maritime aerosol optical thickness measured by handheld sun photometers
JO  - Remote Sensing of Environment
JF  - Remote Sensing of Environment
Y1  - 2004/10/30/
VL  - 93
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 87
EP  - 106
SN  - 00344257
AB  - For several years, the NASA SIMBIOS Project has collected, processed, and archived optical aerosol data from shipboard sun photometers. The calibration, processing, quality control, and archival methodology for handheld sun photometers are described here, along with their deployment statistics. Data processing has been standardized for all instruments by using identical calibration methods, ancillary data, and processing software. Statistical analysis reveals a dataset influenced by its temporal and geographic distribution, while multimodal histograms for aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and Ångström exponent reveal varied aerosol populations. A K-means unsupervised classification technique is used to separate these populations. This separation is validated by showing individual classes are more likely to be log-normally (for AOTs) or normally (for Ångström exponents) distributed than the dataset as a whole. Properties for each class are presented, along with the characteristics of each class by regional oceanic basin. Results also compare favorably with maritime aerosols measured by land-based AERONET Cimels in island sites, while providing data coverage in previously sparsely sampled regions. Aerosol models employed by SeaWiFS (Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor) also compare favorably with these ground based measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Remote Sensing of Environment is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - QUALITY control
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - Ångström exponent
KW  - Aerosol optical thickness
KW  - Maritime aerosols
KW  - Sun photometer
N1  - Accession Number: 14428832; Knobelspiesse, Kirk D. 1; Email Address: kirk@simbios.gsfc.nasa.gov Pietras, Christophe 2 Fargion, Giulietta S. 2 Wang, Menghua; Email Address: wang@simbios.gsfc.nasa.gov Frouin, Robert 3 Miller, Mark A. 4 Subramaniam, Ajit 5 Balch, William M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Greenbelt, MD, United States  2: Science Applications International Corp., Greenbelt, MD, United States  3: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States  5: Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States  6: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay Harbor, ME, United States; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 93 Issue 1/2, p87; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: QUALITY control; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ångström exponent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol optical thickness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maritime aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sun photometer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.rse.2004.06.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14428832&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guangyong Xu
AU  - Gehring, P. M.
AU  - Ghosh, V. J.
AU  - Shirane, G.
T1  - High-q-resolution neutron scattering technique using triple-axis spectrometers.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 598
EP  - 603
SN  - 01087673
AB  - A new technique is presented that gives a substantial increase in the wavevector q resolution of triple-axis spectrometers by matching the measurement wavevector q to the reflection τa of a perfect-crystal analyzer. A relative Bragg width of δq/Q ∼ 10-4 can be achieved with reasonable collimation settings. This technique is very useful in measuring small structural changes and line broadenings that cannot be accurately measured with conventional set-ups, while keeping all the strengths of a triple-axis spectrometer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section A (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - REFLECTION (Optics)
KW  - COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument)
N1  - Accession Number: 15313786; Guangyong Xu 1; Email Address: gxu@bnl.gov Gehring, P. M. 2 Ghosh, V. J. 1 Shirane, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11 973, USA  2: NCNR, National institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 60 Issue 6, p598; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: REFLECTION (Optics); Subject Term: COLLIMATORS (Optical instrument); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0108767304022652
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15313786&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shuisong Ni
AU  - Robinson, Howard
AU  - Marsing, Gregory C.
AU  - Bussiere, Dirksen E.
AU  - Kennedy, Michael A.
T1  - Structure of 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase from Shewanella oneidensis at 1.6 Å: identification of farnesyl pyrophosphate trapped in a hydrophobic cavity.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 60
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1949
EP  - 1957
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) is a universal building block for the ubiquitous isoprenoids that are essential to all organisms. The enzymes of the non-mevalonate pathway for IPP synthesis, which is unique to many pathogenic bacteria, have recently been explored as targets for antibiotic development. Several crystal structures of 2 C-methyl-D-erythritol- 2,4-cyclophosphate (MECDP) synthase, the fifth of seven enzymes involved in the non-mevalonate pathway for synthesis of IPP, have been reported; however, the composition of metal ions in the active site and the presence of a hydrophobic cavity along the non-crystallographic threefold symmetry axis has varied between the reported structures. Here, the structure of MEDCP from Shewanella oneidensis MR1 (SO3437) was determined to 1.6 Å resolution in the absence of substrate. The presence of a zinc ion in the active-site cleft, tetrahedrally coordinated by two histidine side chains, an aspartic acid side chain and an ambiguous fourth ligand, was confirmed by zinc anomalous diffraction. Based on analysis of anomalous diffraction data and typical metal-to-ligand bond lengths, it was concluded that an octahedral sodium ion was 3.94 Å from the zinc ion. A hydrophobic cavity was observed along the threefold non-crystallographic symmetry axis, filled by a well defined non-protein electron density that could be modeled as farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), a downstream product of IPP, suggesting a possible feedback mechanism for enzyme regulation. The high- resolution data clarified the FPP-binding mode compared with previously reported structures. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that the residues critical to the formation of the hydrophobic cavity and for coordinating the pyrophosphate group of FPP are present in the majority of MEDCP synthase enzymes, supporting the idea of a specialized biological function related to FPP binding in a subfamily of MEDCP synthase homologs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEWANELLA
KW  - VIBRIONACEAE
KW  - PYROPHOSPHATES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14797235; Shuisong Ni 1 Robinson, Howard 2 Marsing, Gregory C. 3 Bussiere, Dirksen E. 4 Kennedy, Michael A. 1; Email Address: ma_kennedy@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Biological Sciences Division, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Biology Department, Building 463, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: Brigham Young University, A-153 ASB, Provo, UT 84602, USA  4: Chiron Corporation, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p1949; Subject Term: SHEWANELLA; Subject Term: VIBRIONACEAE; Subject Term: PYROPHOSPHATES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904021791
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14797235&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zwart, Petrus H.
AU  - Banumathi, Sankaran
AU  - Dauter, Miroslawa
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
T1  - Radiation-damage-induced phasing with anomalous scattering: substructure solution and phasing.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 60
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1958
EP  - 1963
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Substructure-solution and phasing procedures using a combination of anomalous scattering and radiation-damage-induced isomorphous differences have been investigated. The tyrosine residues in thaumatin were iodinated with N-iodosuccinimide in the crystalline form as well as prior to crystallization. Several data sets were collected from both forms and used for substructure solution and phasing using various protocols, employing anomalous, isomorphous or both these signals. It was shown that combination of the anomalous and isomorphous signals in the form of the RIPAS (radiation-damage-induced phasing with anomalous scattering) strategy is beneficial for both locating the substructure and subsequent phasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 14797378; Zwart, Petrus H. 1 Banumathi, Sankaran 2 Dauter, Miroslawa 1 Dauter, Zbigniew 1; Email Address: dauter@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: SAIC-Frederick Inc., Basic Research Program, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Synchotron Radiation Reseach Section, MCL, National Cancer Institute, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p1958; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: TYROSINE; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904021730
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14797378&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singh, D. D.
AU  - Saikrishnan, K.
AU  - Kumar, Prashant
AU  - Dauter, Z.
AU  - Sekar, K.
AU  - Surolia, A.
AU  - Vijayan, M.
T1  - Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray structure analysis of the banana lectin from Musa paradisiaca.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 60
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2104
EP  - 2106
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - The banana lectin from Musa paradisiaca, MW 29.4 kDa, has been isolated, purified and crystallized. The trigonal crystals contain one dimeric molecule in the asymmetric unit. The structure has been solved using molecular replacement to a resolution of 3 A. The structure of the subunit is similar to that of jacalin-like lectins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANTAIN banana
KW  - BANANAS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - LECTINS
N1  - Accession Number: 14797513; Singh, D. D. 1 Saikrishnan, K. 1 Kumar, Prashant 1 Dauter, Z. 2 Sekar, K. 3 Surolia, A. 1 Vijayan, M. 1; Email Address: mv@mbu.iisc.ernet.in; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India  2: Synchotron Radiation Research Section, MCI, National Cancer Institute, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Bioinformatics Centre and Supercomputer Education and Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p2104; Subject Term: PLANTAIN banana; Subject Term: BANANAS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: LECTINS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111330 Non-citrus fruit and tree nut farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111339 Other Noncitrus Fruit Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); NAICS/Industry Codes: 413150 Fresh fruit and vegetable merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904024114
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14797513&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huffman, Alan
AU  - Kwan, Simon
T1  - Advanced Packaging Techniques Impact High-energy Physics Research.
JO  - Advanced Packaging
JF  - Advanced Packaging
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 13
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
PB  - PennWell Corporation
SN  - 10650555
AB  - This article reports that the scientists at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory are working on a new major high energy physics project, the BTeV or the B physics at the Tevatron experiment. This experiment is designed to deeply probe several aspects of the Standard Model, the baseline particle physics theory for several decades. At the very least, BTeV will make very precise measurements of many Standard Model parameters. It is hoped that these precise measurements will point the way to a more fundamental theory of particle physics.
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - PARTICLE physics
KW  - PHYSICS laboratories
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - NUCLEAR models
N1  - Accession Number: 15116697; Huffman, Alan 1; Email Address: huffman@mcnc.org. Kwan, Simon 2; Email Address: swalk@fnal.gov.; Affiliation:  1: research engineer with the Advanced Electronic Packaging Group, MCNC Research arid Development Institute, P.O. Box 13910, 3021 Comwallts Road, Research Tnangle Park.  2: senior scien- tist, may be contacted at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. P.O. Box 500, Batavia.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 13 Issue 11, p16; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: PARTICLE physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS laboratories; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moses, Ronald W.
AU  - Jacobson, Abram R.
T1  - Ionospheric profiling through radio-frequency signals recorded by the FORTÉ satellite, with comparison to the International Reference Ionosphere
JO  - Advances in Space Research
JF  - Advances in Space Research
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 2096
EP  - 2103
SN  - 02731177
AB  - Electromagnetic waves originating on Earth and recorded in space allow retrieval of ionospheric parameters. Using the Fast Onboard Recording of Transient Events satellite (FORTÉ), it has been shown that trans-ionospheric pulsed radio-frequency (RF) signals carry sufficient information to infer the peak electron density of the ionosphere, in addition to the total electron content along a ray path between a source and a receiver. In this paper the detailed refractive properties of the ionosphere and the birefringent splitting of RF waves in the Earth’s magnetic field are modeled using the Appleton–Hartree equation and an electron density profile based on the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI). Applications of this model to FORTÉ data provide additional information on the vertical profile of ionospheric plasma density at the time and place of measurement. Results of the FORTÉ observations are compared with the IRI. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - IONOSPHERE
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - UPPER atmosphere
KW  - Electron density
KW  - FORTÉ
KW  - Ionosphere
KW  - Total electron content
N1  - Accession Number: 14970324; Moses, Ronald W.; Email Address: rmoses@lanl.gov Jacobson, Abram R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 9, p2096; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: IONOSPHERE; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: UPPER atmosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electron density; Author-Supplied Keyword: FORTÉ; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Total electron content; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.asr.2004.02.018
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bond, Ryan B.
AU  - Edwards, Jack R.
T1  - Computational Analysis of an Independent Ramjet Stream in a Combined Cycle Engine.
JO  - AIAA Journal
JF  - AIAA Journal
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2276
EP  - 2283
SN  - 00011452
AB  - A new concept for the low-speed propulsion mode in rocket-based combined cycle engines has been developed as part of the NASA GTX program. This concept, called the independent ramjet stream (IRS) cycle, is a variation of the traditional ejector ramjet (ER) design and involves the injection of hydrogen fuel directly into the airstream, where it is ignited by the rocket plume. The advantage of the IRS design is that it allows for a single large rocket instead of several smaller rockets, and its required combustor length is smaller than that of a traditional ER design. Both of these features make the IRS design lighter. Experiments and computational fluid dynamics are currently being used to evaluate the feasibility of the new design. In this work, a Navier—Stokes code valid for general reactive flows is applied to the model engine under cold-flow, ER, and IRS cycle operation. Pressure distributions corresponding to cold-flow and ER operation are compared with experimental data. The engine response under IRS cycle operation is examined for different reaction models and grid sizes. The solutions exhibit a high sensitivity to both grid resolution and reaction mechanism but do indicate that thermal throat ramjet operation is possible through the injection and burning of additional fuel into the airstream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIAA Journal is the property of American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPACE vehicles
KW  - SPACE fluid dynamics
KW  - NAVIER-Stokes equations
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - VISCOUS flow
KW  - ASTRONAUTICS
KW  - NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis)
N1  - Accession Number: 15168556; Bond, Ryan B. 1; Email Address: rbbond@sandia.gov Edwards, Jack R. 2; Email Address: jredward@eos.ncsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 42 Issue 11, p2276; Subject Term: SPACE vehicles; Subject Term: SPACE fluid dynamics; Subject Term: NAVIER-Stokes equations; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: VISCOUS flow; Subject Term: ASTRONAUTICS; Subject Term: NUMERICAL grid generation (Numerical analysis); NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336410 Aerospace product and parts manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 7 Color Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Changyong
AU  - Fenter, Paul
AU  - Zhan Zhang
AU  - Likwan Cheng
AU  - Sturchio, Neil C.
T1  - Structure of the fluorapatite (100)-water interface by high-resolution X-ray reflectivity.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1647
EP  - 1654
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - A complete understanding of the surface chemistry of the apatite-water system requires direct observation of the interfacial structure at the molecular scale. We report results for the structure of the apatite (100)-water interface obtained with high-resolution specular X-ray reflectivity from a natural growth surface of Durango fluorapatite. A uniform termination at the crystallographic unit-cell boundary was determined. An atomistic model of the interracial structure is compared to the experimental results and optimized through non-linear least-squares fitting in which the structural parameters were selected to be both physically and chemically plausible. The best-fit structure includes a Ca- and/or F-deficient outermost surface, minimal structural relaxations of the near-surface apatite crystal, and the presence of a layered interfacial water structure exhibiting two distinct water layers. The height of the first water layer is 2.64(9) Šrelative to the relaxed surface with 3.5(1.3) water molecules per surface unit-cell area (64.9 Ų). A second layer of adsorbed water is found 1.53(5) Šabove the first layer, followed by a nearly featureless profile of the bulk liquid water. The layered structure of water is interpreted as being due to hydrogen bonding at the solid-water interface. The interfacial structure shows a strong similarity with the octacalcium phosphate structure projected along a surface normal direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - APATITE
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR association
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - HIGH resolution spectroscopy
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
N1  - Accession Number: 15387396; Park, Changyong 1; Email Address: cypark@anl.gov Fenter, Paul 1 Zhan Zhang 1,2 Likwan Cheng 1 Sturchio, Neil C. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4843, U.S.A.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, U.S.A.  3: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 89 Issue 11/12, p1647; Subject Term: APATITE; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR association; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: HIGH resolution spectroscopy; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212392 Phosphate Rock Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Labotka, Theodore C.
AU  - Cole, David R.
AU  - Fayek, Mostafa
AU  - Riciputi, Lee R.
AU  - Stadermann, Frank J.
T1  - Coupled cation and oxygen-isotope exchange between alkali feldspar and aqueous chloride solution.
JO  - American Mineralogist
JF  - American Mineralogist
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 89
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1822
EP  - 1825
SN  - 0003004X
AB  - Nanoscale isotope and chemical images of grains of Amelia albite that were reacted with 2 m 18O- enriched solution of KC1 show a correspondence between O-isotope exchange and K-Na exchange. Experiments were conducted for 4-6 d at 600 °C and 200 MPa. After 6 d, the 150 µm diameter albite grains had 5-20 µm rims in which Na was nearly completely replaced by K and in which the O was strongly enriched in 18O. The boundary between the core albite and the K-feldspar replacement is sharp and decorated with numerous pores. The distribution of Na and K, determined by electron probe microanalysis, is uniform within the core and rim and has an abrupt discontinuity at the interface. No evidence exists for K-Na interdiffusion at the resolution of electron probe. The NanoSIMS shows that the interface is also sharp in the distribution of 18O and 16O. The NanoSIMS image data and the electron probe data were coregistered; principal components analysis of the merged data set shows that 86% of the total variance in the data result from a single principal component loaded by the replacement of Na by K and 18O. The combined electron probe and NanoSIMS analyses indicate that both cation and isotope exchange occurred during solution and reprecipitation of the feldspar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Mineralogist is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALBITE
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - FELDSPAR
KW  - CHLORIDES
KW  - ELECTRON probe microanalysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15387416; Labotka, Theodore C. 1; Email Address: tlabotka@utk.edu Cole, David R. 2 Fayek, Mostafa 1 Riciputi, Lee R. 2 Stadermann, Frank J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1410, U.S.A.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, U.S.A.  3: Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 89 Issue 11/12, p1822; Subject Term: ALBITE; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: FELDSPAR; Subject Term: CHLORIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRON probe microanalysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212326 Shale, clay and refractory mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Letter
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
T1  - Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them) (Book).
JO  - American Statistician
JF  - American Statistician
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 58
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 359
EP  - 359
SN  - 15372731
AB  - Reviews the book "Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them)," by Phillip I. Good and James W. Hardin.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - GOOD, Phillip I.
KW  - HARDIN, James W.
KW  - COMMON Errors in Statistics: And How to Avoid Them (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14912481; Anderson-Cook, Christine M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 58 Issue 4, p359; Subject Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: COMMON Errors in Statistics: And How to Avoid Them (Book); People: GOOD, Phillip I.; People: HARDIN, James W.; Number of Pages: 2/3p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schaaff, T. Gregory
T1  - Laser Desorption and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry of 29-kDa Au:SR Cluster Compounds.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6187
EP  - 6196
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Positive and negative ions generated by laser-based ionization methods from three gold:thiolate cluster compounds are mass analyzed by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The three compounds have similar inorganic core masses (˜29 kDa, ˜145 Au atoms) but different n-alkanethiolate ligands associated with each cluster compound (Au:SR, R = butane, hexane, dodecane). Irradiation of neat films (laser desorption/ionization) and films generated by dilution of the cluster compounds in an organic add matrix (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization) with a nitrogen laser (337 mm) produced distinct ion abundances that are relevant to different structural aspects of the cluster compound. Laser desorption/ionization of neat Au:SR compound films produces ions consistent with the inorganic core mass (i.e., devoid of original hydrocarbon content). Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization produces either ions with m/z values consistent with the core mass of the cluster compounds or ions with m/z values consistent with the approximate molecular weight of the cluster compounds, depending on ionization conditions. The ion abundances, and ionization conditions under which they are detected, provide insight into desorption/ionization processes for these unique cluster compounds as well as other analytes typically studied by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - IONS
KW  - IRRADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15251591; Schaaff, T. Gregory 1; Email Address: schaafftg@y12.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131.; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 21, p6187; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0353482
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sher, Anna A.
AU  - Bond, Alan M.
AU  - Gavaghan, David J.
AU  - Harriman, Kathryn
AU  - Feldberg, Stephen W.
AU  - Duffy, Noel W.
AU  - Guo, Si-Xuan
AU  - Zhang, Jie
T1  - Resistance, Capacitance, and Electrode Kinetic Effects in Fourier-Transformed Large-Amplitude sinusoidal Voltammetry: Emergence of Powerful and Intuitively Obvious Tools for ...
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6214
EP  - 6228
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Large-amplitude sinusoidal ac voltammetric techniques, when analyzed in the frequency domain using the Fourier transform-inverse Fourier transform sequence, produce the expected dc and fundamental harmonic ac responses in addition to very substantial second, third, and higher ac harmonics that arise from the presence of significant nonlinearity. A full numerical simulation of the process, Red &rlang; Ox + e-, incorporates terms for the uncompensated resistance (Ru), capacitance of the double layer (Cdl), and slow electron transfer kinetics (in particular, the reversible potential (E°), rate constant (k0), and charge transfer coefficient (α) from the Butler-Volmer model). Identification of intuitively obvious patterns of behavior (with characteristically different sensitivity regimes) in dc, fundamental, and higher harmonic terms enables simple protocols to be developed to estimate Ru, Cdl, E°, k0, and α. Thus, if large-amplitude sinusoidal cyclic voltammograms are obtained for two concentrations of the reduced species, data obtained from analysis of the recovered signals provide initial estimates of parameters as follows: (a) the dc cyclic component provides an estimate of E° (because the Ru and k0 effects are minimized); (b) the fundamental harmonic provides an estimate of Cdl (because it has a high capacitance-to-faradaic current ratio); and (c) the second harmonic provides an estimate of Ru, k0, and a (because the Cdl effect is minimized). Methods of refining the initial estimates are then implemented. As a check on the fidelity of the parameters (estimated on the basis of an essentially heuristic approach that solely utilizes the dc, fundamental, and second harmonic voltammograms), comparison of the predicted simulated and experimental third (or higher) harmonic voltammograms can be made to verify that agreement between theory and experiment has been achieved at a predetermined level. The use of the heuristic pattern recognition approach to evaluate the oxidation of ferrocene at a platinum electrode (a reversible process) in the very high resistance solvent dichloromethane (0.1 M Bu4NPF6) and the reduction of [Fe(CN6)]3- at a glassy carbon electrode (a quasi-reversible process) in much lower resistance but higher capacitance conditions found in aqueous (0.5 M KC1) media is described and verifies the inherent advantages of employing large-amplitude sinusoidal techniques in quantitative studies of electrode processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLTAMMETRY
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - HEURISTIC
KW  - PLATINUM electrodes
KW  - CARBON electrodes
N1  - Accession Number: 15251594; Sher, Anna A. 1 Bond, Alan M. 2; Email Address: alan.bond@sci.monash.edu Gavaghan, David J. 1; Email Address: david.gavaghan@comlab.ox.ac.uk Harriman, Kathryn 1 Feldberg, Stephen W. 3 Duffy, Noel W. 2 Guo, Si-Xuan 2 Zhang, Jie 2; Affiliation:  1: Oxford University Computing Laboratory.  2: Monash University.  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory.; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 21, p6214; Subject Term: VOLTAMMETRY; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: HEURISTIC; Subject Term: PLATINUM electrodes; Subject Term: CARBON electrodes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ac0495337
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Alan B.
T1  - Fast-neutrons incident on gadolinium
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 31
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1813
EP  - 1831
SN  - 03064549
AB  - Measurements of neutron scattering from elemental gadolinium over incident-energy regions of 0.3–1.5 MeV and 4.5–10.0 MeV are presented. These results are interpreted in terms of optical-statistical and coupled-channels models, including consideration of dispersion effects and of scalar and vector potentials. Basic and applied physical implications are discussed. Comparisons are made with other models, and with the ENDF/B-VI evaluated nuclear-data files used in applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Nuclear Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Gadolinium
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Dispersion
KW  - Optics
N1  - Accession Number: 14311481; Smith, Alan B. 1,2; Email Address: absmith@td.anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory, Technology Development Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building D-362, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; 2: The Physicist's Consultative, Ottawa, IL, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 31 Issue 16, p1813; Subject Term: Gadolinium; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Dispersion; Subject Term: Optics; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.05.009
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Talamo, Alberto
AU  - Gudowski, Waclaw
AU  - Cetnar, Jerzy
AU  - Venneri, Francesco
T1  - Key physical parameters and temperature reactivity coefficients of the deep burn modular helium reactor fueled with LWRs waste
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 31
IS  - 16
M3  - Article
SP  - 1913
EP  - 1937
SN  - 03064549
AB  - We investigated some important neutronic features of the deep burn modular helium reactor (DB-MHR) using the MCNP/MCB codes. Our attention was focused on the neutron flux and its spectrum, capture to fission ratio of 239Pu and the temperature coefficient of fuel and moderator. The DB-MHR is a graphite-moderated helium-cooled reactor proposed by General Atomic to address the need for a fast and efficient incineration of plutonium for non-proliferation purposes as well as the management of light water reactors (LWRs) waste. In fact, recent studies have shown that the use of the DB-MHR coupled to ordinary LWRs would keep constant the world inventory of plutonium for a reactor fleet producing 400 TWe/y. In the present studies, the DB-MHR is loaded with Np–Pu driver fuel (DF) with an isotopic composition corresponding to LWRs spent fuel waste. DF uses fissile isotopes (e.g. 239Pu and 241Pu), previously generated in the LWRs, and maintains criticality conditions in the DB-MHR. After an irradiation of three years, the spent DF is reprocessed and its remaining actinides are manufactured into fresh transmutation fuel (TF). TF mainly contains non-fissile actinides which undergo neutron capture and transmutation during the subsequent three-year irradiation in the DB-MHR. At the same time, TF provides control and negative reactivity feedback to the reactor. After extraction of the spent TF, irradiated for three years, over 94% of 239Pu and 53% of all actinides coming from LWRs waste will have been destroyed in the DB-MHR. In this paper we look at the operation conditions at equilibrium for the DB-MHR and evaluate fluxes and reactivity responses using state of the art 3-D Monte Carlo simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Nuclear Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Helium
KW  - Radioactivity
N1  - Accession Number: 14311486; Talamo, Alberto 1; Email Address: alby@neutron.kth.se; Gudowski, Waclaw 1; Email Address: wacek@neutron.kth.se; Cetnar, Jerzy 2; Email Address: jerzy@neutron.kth.se; Venneri, Francesco 3; Email Address: venneri@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Department of Nuclear and Reactor Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden; 2: Faculty of Physics and Nuclear Techniques, University of Mining and Metallurgy, 30059 Cracow, Poland; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 31 Issue 16, p1913; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Thesaurus Term: Helium; Thesaurus Term: Radioactivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.05.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prokopec, Tomislav
AU  - Schmidt, Michael G.
AU  - Weinstock, Steffen
T1  - Transport equations for chiral fermions to order ℎ and electroweak baryogenesis: Part I
JO  - Annals of Physics
JF  - Annals of Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 314
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 208
EP  - 265
SN  - 00034916
AB  - This is the first in a series of two papers. In this first part, we use the Schwinger–Keldysh formalism to derive semiclassical Boltzmann transport equations, accurate to order ℎ, for massive chiral fermions, scalar particles, and for the corresponding CP-conjugate states. Our considerations include complex mass terms and mixing fermion and scalar fields, such that CP-violation is naturally included, rendering the equations particularly suitable for studies of baryogenesis at a first order electroweak phase transition. We provide a quantitative criterion in which case the reduction to the diagonal kinetic equations in the mass eigenbasis is justified, leading to a quasiparticle picture even in the case of mixing scalar or fermionic particles. Within the approximations we make, it is possible to first study the Boltzmann equations without the collision term. In a second paper [Ann. Phys. xxx (2004) xxx] we discuss the collision terms and reduce the Boltzmann equations to fluid equations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - SCALAR field theory
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - Baryogenesis
KW  - CP-violation
KW  - Physics of the Early Universe
N1  - Accession Number: 14783267; Prokopec, Tomislav 1; Email Address: T.Prokopec@thphys.uni-heidelberg.de Schmidt, Michael G. 1; Email Address: M.G.Schmidt@thphys.uni-heidelberg.de Weinstock, Steffen 2; Email Address: weinstock@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany  2: Nuclear Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 314 Issue 1, p208; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: SCALAR field theory; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baryogenesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: CP-violation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physics of the Early Universe; Number of Pages: 58p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.aop.2004.06.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14783267&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Menon, Surabi
T1  - CURRENT UNCERTAINTIES IN ASSESSING AEROSOL EFFECTS ON CLIMATE.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - C-3
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15435938
AB  - The effect of anthropogenic emissions from activities, such as fossil-fuel, biomass, and biofuel burning; transportation; and land-clearing; have a profound impact on the climate system. The impact of these activities is manifested in observed changes in temperature, precipitation, sea-level rise, melting of glaciers, air quality, health, and agriculture yields, to name a few. The obvious question to ask is the role that these different processes play in affecting climate and what action could one impose to curtail or constrain adverse human impacts on climate. Greenhouse gases have long been studied, as they play a major role in changing climate. But over the past 10-20 years, aerosols have emerged as the other big contenders in climate change studies. This review focuses on the current understanding of the effects of aerosols on climate, with an emphasis on the thermodynamical and indirect aerosol effects. We also examine available measurements that could be used to decipher the aerosol influence on climate, with an outlook on how the uncertainties in aerosol effects may impact future climate predictions and policy changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Fossil fuels
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Precipitation (Meteorology)
KW  - aerosol-cloud-climate interactions
KW  - carbonaceous aerosols
KW  - climate change
KW  - climate predictions
N1  - Accession Number: 14892396; Menon, Surabi 1; Email Address: smenon@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies/Columbia University, New York, NY 10025; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p1; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Fossil fuels; Thesaurus Term: Biomass; Thesaurus Term: Temperature; Thesaurus Term: Precipitation (Meteorology); Author-Supplied Keyword: aerosol-cloud-climate interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbonaceous aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: climate predictions; Number of Pages: 33p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 4 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.29.063003.132549
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
AU  - Ramesohl, Stephan
AU  - Boyd, Gale
T1  - ADVANCES IN ENERGY FORECASTING MODELS BASED ON ENGINEERING ECONOMICS.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 345
EP  - 381
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15435938
AB  - New energy efficiency policies have been introduced around the world. Historically, most energy models were reasonably equipped to assess the impact of classical policies, such as a subsidy or change in taxation. However, these tools are often insufficient to assess the impact of alternative policy instruments. We evaluate the so-called engineering economic models used to assess future industrial energy use. Engineering economic models include the level of detail commonly needed to model the new types of policies considered. We explore approaches to improve the realism and policy relevance of engineering economic modeling frameworks. We also explore solutions to strengthen the policy usefulness of engineering economic analysis that can be built from a framework of multidisciplinary cooperation. The review discusses the main modeling approaches currently used and evaluates the weaknesses in current models. We focus on the needs to further improve the models. We identify research priorities for the modeling framework, technology representation in models, policy evaluation, and modeling of decision-making behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Engineering economy
KW  - Taxation
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Policy sciences
KW  - Realism
KW  - energy modeling
KW  - industry
KW  - policy
KW  - technology
N1  - Accession Number: 14892725; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Ramesohl, Stephan 2; Email Address: stephan.ramesohl@wupperinst.org; Boyd, Gale 3; Email Address: gboyd@anl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; 2: Energy Division, Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment, Energy, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany; 3: Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p345; Subject Term: Engineering economy; Subject Term: Taxation; Subject Term: Decision making; Subject Term: Policy sciences; Subject Term: Realism; Author-Supplied Keyword: energy modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: industry; Author-Supplied Keyword: policy; Author-Supplied Keyword: technology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921130 Public Finance Activities; Number of Pages: 37p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.29.062403.102042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14892725&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ezzati, Majid
AU  - Bailis, Robert
AU  - Kammen, Daniel M.
AU  - Holloway, Tracey
AU  - Price, Lynn
AU  - Cifuentes, Luis A.
AU  - Barnes, Brendon
AU  - Chaurey, Akanksha
AU  - Dhanapala, Kiran N.
T1  - ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND GLOBAL HEALTH.
JO  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
JF  - Annual Review of Environment & Resources
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 383
EP  - C4
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 15435938
AB  - Energy and energy technologies have a central role in social and economic development at all scales, from household and community to regional and national. Among its welfare effects, energy is closely linked with public health both positively and negatively, the latter through environmental pollution and degradation. We review the current research on how energy use and energy technologies influence public health, emphasizing the risks associated with indoor and ambient air pollution from energy use, and the links between the local and global environmental health impacts of energy use. This review illustrates that, despite their large public health implications, most energy policies and programs in the developing world are fundamentally treated as components of overall economic development, without explicit assessment of their health benefits or hazards. Closer integration of health in energy management can facilitate the development of policies and programs that increase welfare and minimize negative health outcomes. Renewable energy technologies are used as an example of how an integrated energy-health approach can be used in policy analysis and formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Environment & Resources is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Energy policy
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Health
KW  - Social development
KW  - Economic development
N1  - Accession Number: 14892763; Ezzati, Majid 1; Email Address: mezzati@hsph.harvard.edu; Bailis, Robert 2; Email Address: rbailis@socrates.berkeley.edu; Kammen, Daniel M. 2; Email Address: kammen@berkeley.edu; Holloway, Tracey 3; Email Address: taholloway@wisc.edu; Price, Lynn 4; Email Address: lkprice@lbl.gov; Cifuentes, Luis A. 5; Email Address: lac@ing.puc.cl; Barnes, Brendon 6; Email Address: bbarnes@mrc.ac.za; Chaurey, Akanksha 7; Email Address: akanksha@teri.res.in; Dhanapala, Kiran N. 8; Email Address: kdhanapa@wvu.edu; Affiliations: 1: Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; 2: Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; 3: Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53726; 4: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; 5: Industrial and Systems Engineering Department, P. Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 6904411, Chile; 6: Medical Research Council of South Africa, Houghton 2041, South Africa; 7: Energy-Environment Technology Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi 110003, India; 8: Environmental & Natural Resource Economics, Division of Resource Management, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p383; Thesaurus Term: Energy policy; Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Health; Subject Term: Social development; Subject Term: Economic development; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; Number of Pages: 41p; Illustrations: 4 Color Photographs, 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 12 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.energy.29.062103.121246
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14892763&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Palumbo, A. V.
AU  - Schryver, J. C.
AU  - Fields, M. W.
AU  - Bagwe, C. E.
AU  - Zhou, J.-Z.
AU  - Yan, T.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Brandt, C. C.
T1  - Coupling of Functional Gene Diversity and Geochemical Data from Environmental Samples.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 70
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6525
EP  - 6534
SN  - 00992240
AB  - Genomic techniques commonly used for assessing distributions of microorganisms in the environment often produce small sample sizes. We investigated artificial neural networks for analyzing the distributions of nitrite reductase genes (nirS and nirK) and two sets of dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes (dsrAB1 and dsrAB2) in small sample sets. Data reduction (to reduce the number of input parameters), cross-validation (to measure the generalization error), weight decay (to adjust model parameters to reduce generalization error), and importance analysis (to determine which variables had the most influence) were useful in developing and interpreting neural network models that could be used to infer relationships between geochemistry and gene distributions. A robust relationship was observed between geochemistry and the frequencies of genes that were not closely related to known dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes (dsrAB2). Uranium and sulfate appeared to be the most related to distribution of two groups of these unusual dsrAB-related genes. For the other three groups, the distributions appeared to be related to pH, nickel, nonpurgeable organic carbon, and total organic carbon. The models relating the geochemical parameters to the distributions of the nirS, nirK, and dsrAB1 genes did not generalize as well as the models for dsrAB2. The data also illustrate the danger (generating a model that has a high generalization error) of not using a validation approach in evaluating the meaningfulness of the fit of linear or nonlinear models to such small sample sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - NEURAL networks (Neurobiology)
KW  - GENES
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL sampling
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - NEUROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 15345918; Palumbo, A. V. 1; Email Address: palumboav@ornl.gov Schryver, J. C. 1 Fields, M. W. 1,2 Bagwe, C. E. 1,3 Zhou, J.-Z. 1 Yan, T. 1 Liu, X. 1,4 Brandt, C. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056-1400  3: Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808  4: Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 70 Issue 11, p6525; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: NEURAL networks (Neurobiology); Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL sampling; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: NEUROBIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 18 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/AEM.70.11.6525-6534.2004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15345918&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crouch, C. H.
AU  - Carey, J. E.
AU  - Shen, M.
AU  - Mazur, E.
AU  - Génin, F. Y.
T1  - Infrared absorption by sulfur-doped silicon formed by femtosecond laser irradiation.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 79
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1635
EP  - 1641
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - We microstructured silicon surfaces with femtosecond laser irradiation in the presence of SF6. These surfaces display strong absorption of infrared radiation at energies below the band gap of crystalline silicon. We report the dependence of this below-band gap absorption on microstructuring conditions (laser fluence, number of laser pulses, and background pressure of SF6) along with structural and chemical characterization of the material. Significant amounts of sulfur are incorporated into the silicon over a wide range of microstructuring conditions; the sulfur is embedded in a disordered nanocrystalline layer less than 1 μm thick that covers the microstructures. The most likely mechanism for the below-band gap absorption is the formation of a band of sulfur impurity states overlapping the silicon band edge, reducing the band gap from 1.1 eV to approximately 0.4 eV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - LASERS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PACKED towers (Chemical engineering)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14203941; Crouch, C. H. 1 Carey, J. E. 2 Shen, M. 2 Mazur, E. 2,3; Email Address: mazur@physics.harvard.edu Génin, F. Y. 4; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081.  2: Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, UK.  3: Department of Physics, Harvard University, 9 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, UK.  4: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 79 Issue 7, p1635; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PACKED towers (Chemical engineering); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00339-004-2676-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203941&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feit, M. D.
AU  - Komashko, A. M.
AU  - Rubenchik, A. M.
T1  - Ultra-short pulse laser interaction with transparent dielectrics.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 79
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1657
EP  - 1661
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - The interaction of intense, ultra-short laser pulses (USLP) with a surface of transparent dielectrics is considered. The combination of multi-photon absorption and impact ionization generates a plasma layer at the dielectric boundary. Interaction with the plasma self-consistently determines the amount of reflected, transmitted and absorbed light, and the spatial distribution of electron density. In the present paper, we model the interaction of USLP with transparent dielectrics. We calculate the evolution of electron density profiles and the variation of reflection, transmission and absorption of laser radiation during the pulse. We show that the laser-created surface plasma acts as a filter transmitting only the leading edge of the laser pulse. The transmitted energy is approximately fixed, nearly independent of input pulse energy. The transmitted energy increases with pulse duration. This increased energy is manifested in the formation of cylindrical shock waves directly applicable to recent experiments investigating absorption and shock generation in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
KW  - EXCITON theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14203934; Feit, M. D. 1; Email Address: felt1@IInI.gov Komashko, A. M. 2 Rubenchik, A. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, mail stop L-491, Livermore, California 94550, USA.  2: General Atomics, San Diego, California, CA 92121.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 79 Issue 7, p1657; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRIC insulators & insulation; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326290 Other rubber product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335930 Wiring device manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00339-004-2683-1
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203934&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mao, S. S.
AU  - Quéré, F.
AU  - Guizard, S.
AU  - Mao, X.
AU  - Russo, R. E.
AU  - Petite, G.
AU  - Martin, P.
T1  - Dynamics of femtosecond laser interactions with dielectrics.
JO  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
JF  - Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 79
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1695
EP  - 1709
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 09478396
AB  - Femtosecond laser pulses appear as an emerging and promising tool for processing wide bandgap dielectric materials for a variety of applications. This article aims to provide an overview of recent progress in understanding the fundamental physics of femtosecond laser interactions with dielectrics that may have the potential for innovative materials applications. The focus of the overview is the dynamics of femtosecond laser-excited carriers and the propagation of femtosecond laser pulses inside dielectric materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - HEAT pulses
KW  - EXCITON theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14203933; Mao, S. S. 1; Email Address: ssmao@lbl.gov Quéré, F. 2 Guizard, S. 3 Mao, X. 1 Russo, R. E. 1 Petite, G. 3 Martin, P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, CEA/DSM/DRECAM, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.  3: Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DSM/DRECAM. Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 79 Issue 7, p1695; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: HEAT pulses; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00339-004-2684-0
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14203933&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wentao Xu
AU  - De Long, Lance E.
AU  - Charlton, Timothy
AU  - Chisholm, Matthew
AU  - Lederman, David
T1  - Atomic-scale structural analyses of epitaxial Co/Re superlattices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 85
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4082
EP  - 4084
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) have been used to investigate atomic-scale structural properties of Co/Re trilayers and superlattices grown via magnetron sputtering. The sample growth was epitaxial with the (1010) plane of Co and Re parallel to the (1 120) plane of Al2O3, and the [001] direction of Re and Co coinciding with that of the Al2O3. Both low-angle and high-angle Z-contrast STEM images show a very uniform layer thickness. However, the interface roughness between the Re and Co layers monotonically increases with interface distance from the substrate. These results strongly imply that, in the epitaxial Re/Co superlattice system, interface roughness plays a more important role in the giant magnetoresistance effect than thickness fluctuations of the spacer layer. Previous anisotropic magnetoresistance measurements can he explained in terms of the observed atomic-scale structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - LATTICE theory
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETORESISTANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 14945494; Wentao Xu 1; Email Address: wxu2@uky.edu De Long, Lance E. 1 Charlton, Timothy 2 Chisholm, Matthew 3 Lederman, David 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, MS6030-Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 18, p4082; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETORESISTANCE; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1813626
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scholl, A.
AU  - Nolting, F.
AU  - Seo, J. W.
AU  - Ohldag, H.
AU  - Stöhr, J.
AU  - Raoux, S.
AU  - Locquet, J.-P.
AU  - Fompeyrine, J.
T1  - Domain-size-dependent exchange bias in Co/LaFeO3.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 85
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4085
EP  - 4087
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - X-ray microscopy using magnetic linear dichroism of a zero-field-grown multidomain Co/LaFeO3 ferromagnet/antiferromagnet sample shows a local exchange bias of random direction and magnitude. A statistical analysis of the local bias of individual micron-size magnetic domains demonstrates an increasing bias field with decreasing domain size as expected for a random distribution of pinned, uncompensated spins, which are believed to mediate the interface coupling. A linear dependence with the inverse domain diameter is found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - X-ray microscopy
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14945493; Scholl, A. 1; Email Address: a_scholl@lbl.gov Nolting, F. 2 Seo, J. W. 3 Ohldag, H. 4 Stöhr, J. 4 Raoux, S. 5 Locquet, J.-P. 6 Fompeyrine, J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland  3: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland  4: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309  5: IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120  6: IBM Research Division, Zürich Research Laboratory, CH-8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 18, p4085; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Subject Term: X-ray microscopy; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1813633
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farahi, R.H.
AU  - Passian, A.
AU  - Ferrell, T.L.
AU  - Thundat, T.
T1  - Microfluidic manipulation via Marangoni forces.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 85
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4237
EP  - 4239
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A convective flow system is engendered when two liquid droplets, or a liquid droplet and a solid surface, are maintained at different temperatures. Such flows give rise to Marangoni forces which under proper conditions prevent droplet coalescence, cause fluid motion, and dewetting. We present a study of adsorbed and applied fluid movement on a solid surface driven by surface tension gradients created by thermal gradients. Flexible control over the silicone oil and 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene movement is accomplished with an array of individually controllable gold thin film thermal elements on a fused silica substrate surface. We thus demonstrate unlimited fluid movements in one dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MARANGONI effect
KW  - THIN films
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SILICON compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 14945442; Farahi, R.H. 1; Email Address: farahirh@ornl.gov Passian, A. 1 Ferrell, T.L. 1 Thundat, T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 18, p4237; Subject Term: MARANGONI effect; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812830
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, J.
AU  - Meunier, V.
AU  - Baddorf, A.P.
AU  - Kalinin, S.V.
T1  - Nonlinear transport imaging by scanning impedance microscopy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 85
IS  - 18
M3  - Article
SP  - 4240
EP  - 4242
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Scanning probe microscopy is an established tool for characterization of the linear static and frequency-dependent lateral electronic transport in materials and devices at the nanoscale. In this letter, a modified scanning impedance microscopy (SIM) technique is proposed to extend the nanoscale transport measurements of intrinsic material properties to the nonlinear regime, through detection of frequency harmonics, and exemplified by a detailed study of a prototypical metal–semiconductor interface. The imaging mechanism, surface–tip contrast transfer, optimal experimental conditions, and potential applications of nonlinear SIM are discussed. This technique can be readily transferred to most cantilever-based scanning probe microscopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - IMPEDANCE spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14945441; Shin, J. 1,2; Email Address: jshin4@utk.edu Meunier, V. 3 Baddorf, A.P. 1 Kalinin, S.V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  3: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 18, p4240; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: IMPEDANCE spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812372
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koivunoro, H.
AU  - Bleuel, D.L.
AU  - Nastasi, U.
AU  - Lou, T.P.
AU  - Reijonen, J.
AU  - Leung, K-N.
T1  - BNCT dose distribution in liver with epithermal D–D and D–T fusion-based neutron beams
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 61
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 853
EP  - 859
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Recently, a new application of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) treatment has been introduced. Results have indicated that liver tumors can be treated by BNCT after removal of the liver from the body. At Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, compact neutron generators based on 2H(d,n)3He (D–D) or 3H(t,n)4He (D–T) fusion reactions are being developed. Preliminary simulations of the applicability of 2.45 MeV D–D fusion and 14.1 MeV D–T fusion neutrons for in vivo liver tumor BNCT, without removing the liver from the body, have been carried out. MCNP simulations were performed in order to find a moderator configuration for creating a neutron beam of optimal neutron energy and to create a source model for dose calculations with the simulation environment for radiotherapy applications (SERA) treatment planning program. SERA dose calculations were performed in a patient model based on CT scans of the body. The BNCT dose distribution in liver and surrounding healthy organs was calculated with rectangular beam aperture sizes of 20 cm×20 cm and 25 cm×25 cm. Collimator thicknesses of 10 and 15 cm were used. The beam strength to obtain a practical treatment time was studied. In this paper, the beam shaping assemblies for D–D and D–T neutron generators and dose calculation results are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BILIARY tract
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - LIVER -- Cancer
KW  - LIVER tumors
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - BNCT
KW  - Dose calculation
KW  - Liver cancer
KW  - MCNP
KW  - SERA
N1  - Accession Number: 14101760; Koivunoro, H. 1; Email Address: hkoivunoro@lbl.gov Bleuel, D.L. 1 Nastasi, U. 2 Lou, T.P. 1 Reijonen, J. 1 Leung, K-N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 5R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Ospedale San Giovanni A.S., Via Cavour 31, 10100 Torino, Italy; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 61 Issue 5, p853; Subject Term: BILIARY tract; Subject Term: BLOOD plasma; Subject Term: LIVER -- Cancer; Subject Term: LIVER tumors; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: BNCT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dose calculation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liver cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCNP; Author-Supplied Keyword: SERA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, G.M.
AU  - Micca, P.L.
AU  - Coderre, J.A.
T1  - The effect of dexamethasone on the uptake of p-boronophenylalanine in the rat brain and intracranial 9L gliosarcoma
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 61
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 917
EP  - 921
SN  - 09698043
AB  - The steroid dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DEX) is routinely used to treat edema in brain tumor patients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of DEX on the uptake of boronophenylalanine (BPA) using the rat 9L gliosarcoma tumor model and surrounding brain tissue. Two steroid dosage protocols were used. The high-dose DEX protocol involved five 3 mg/kg intraperitoneal injections at 47, 35, 23, 11 and 1 h prior to the administration of the BPA for a total dose of 15 mg DEX/kg rat. The low-dose DEX administration protocol involved two doses of 1.5 mg/kg at 17 h and 1 h prior to BPA injection for a total dose of 3 mg DEX/kg rat. The control animals received no pretreatment, prior to the administration of BPA. Seventeen days after tumor implantation, rats were injected i.p. with 0.014 ml/g body weight BPA solution (1200 mg BPA/kg; ∼59 mg 10B/kg). In all groups, rats were euthanized at 3 h after BPA injection. Administration of the steroid had an effect on tumor weight, which decreased to ∼78% (<f>p>0.05</f>) of the control weight in the low-dose DEX group, and ∼48% (<f>p<0.001</f>) of the control weight in the high-dose DEX group. At 3 h after the administration of BPA, the concentration of boron in tumor was comparable (<f>p>0.1</f>) in the control and high-dose DEX groups. The lowest mean value (73.8±1.6 μg/g) was obtained in the low-dose DEX group. This was significantly lower (<f>p>0.02</f>) than the tumor boron contents in the high-dose DEX and control groups, which were 81.1±1.9 and 79.9±1.7 μg/g, respectively. Tumor:blood boron partition ratios for the control, low- and high-dose DEX groups were 2.3, 2.3 and 2.5, respectively. Boron concentrations were also measured in the normal brain and in the zone of brain adjacent to the tumor exhibiting edema. Although treatment with DEX had no appreciable effect on boron uptake in the normal brain of the rat, after the administration of BPA, it did impact on the boron levels in the zone of peritumoral edema. After the high-dose DEX administration protocol, boron levels in the zone of edema were reduced by ∼14% (<f>p<0.02</f>). This finding suggests that BPA targeting of tumor cells in the peritumoral zone could be compromised by DEX. These cells appear to play a critical role in tumor recurrence after BNCT or conventional radiotherapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SODIUM phosphates
KW  - ANTHROPOMETRY
KW  - WEIGHT gain
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - 9L gliosarcoma
KW  - Boronophenylalanine
KW  - Dexamethasone
KW  - Peritumoral zone
KW  - Rat
N1  - Accession Number: 14101771; Morris, G.M. 1,2 Micca, P.L. 2 Coderre, J.A. 2,3; Email Address: coderre@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Normal Tissue Radiobiological Research Group, Research Institute, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK  2: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11790, USA  3: Nuclear Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 150 Albany Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 61 Issue 5, p917; Subject Term: SODIUM phosphates; Subject Term: ANTHROPOMETRY; Subject Term: WEIGHT gain; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: 9L gliosarcoma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boronophenylalanine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dexamethasone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peritumoral zone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rat; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kononov, O.E.
AU  - Kononov, V.N.
AU  - Bokhovko, M.V.
AU  - Korobeynikov, V.V.
AU  - Soloviev, A.N.
AU  - Sysoev, A.S.
AU  - Gulidov, I.A.
AU  - Chu, W.T.
AU  - Nigg, D.W.
T1  - Optimization of an accelerator-based epithermal neutron source for neutron capture therapy
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 61
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1009
EP  - 1013
SN  - 09698043
AB  - A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for the beam shaping assembly made from polytetrafluoroethylene and magnesium fluorine to be placed on high current IPPE proton accelerator KG-2.5. Results of calculation were experimentally tested and are in good agreement with measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - POLYTEF
KW  - MAGNESIUM
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - Accelerator
KW  - Epithermal neutrons
KW  - Neutron capture therapy
KW  - Neutron moderation
N1  - Accession Number: 14101787; Kononov, O.E. 1; Email Address: kononov@ippe.ru Kononov, V.N. 1 Bokhovko, M.V. 1 Korobeynikov, V.V. 1 Soloviev, A.N. 1 Sysoev, A.S. 1 Gulidov, I.A. 1 Chu, W.T. 2 Nigg, D.W. 3; Affiliation:  1: State Scientific Center of Russian Federation, Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, Bondarenko sq. 1, 249033 Obninsk, Kaluga, Russia  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA  3: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 61 Issue 5, p1009; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: POLYTEF; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM; Subject Term: BARYONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epithermal neutrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron capture therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron moderation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.05.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abbasi, R.U.
AU  - Abu-Zayyad, T.
AU  - Amann, J.F.
AU  - Archbold, G.
AU  - Atkins, R.
AU  - Bellido, J.A.
AU  - Belov, K.
AU  - Belz, J.W.
AU  - BenZvi, S.
AU  - Bergman, D.R.
AU  - Burt, G.W.
AU  - Cao, Z.
AU  - Clay, R.W.
AU  - Connolly, B.
AU  - Dawson, B.R.
AU  - Deng, W.
AU  - Fedorova, Y.
AU  - Findlay, J.
AU  - Finley, C.B.
AU  - Hanlon, W.F.
T1  - A search for arrival direction clustering in the HiRes-I monocular data above 1019.5 eV
JO  - Astroparticle Physics
JF  - Astroparticle Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 149
SN  - 09276505
AB  - In the past few years, small scale anisotropy has become a primary focus in the search for source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). The Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA) has reported the presence of clusters of event arrival directions in their highest energy data set. The High Resolution Fly’s Eye (HiRes) has accumulated an exposure in one of its monocular eyes at energies above 1019.5 eV comparable to that of AGASA. However, monocular events observed with an air fluorescence detector are characterized by highly asymmetric angular resolution. A method is developed for measuring autocorrelation with asymmetric angular resolution. It is concluded that HiRes-I observations are consistent with no autocorrelation and that the sensitivity to clustering of the HiRes-I detector is comparable to that of the reported AGASA data set. Furthermore, we state with a 90% confidence level that not more than 13% of the observed HiRes-I events above 1019.5 eV could be sharing common arrival directions. However, because a measure of autocorrelation makes no assumption of the underlying astrophysical mechanism that results in clustering phenomena, we cannot claim that the HiRes monocular analysis and the AGASA analysis are inconsistent beyond a specified confidence level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Astroparticle Physics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COSMIC rays
KW  - AUTOCORRELATION (Statistics)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - IONIZING radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14717547; Abbasi, R.U. 1 Abu-Zayyad, T. 1 Amann, J.F. 2 Archbold, G. 1 Atkins, R. 1 Bellido, J.A. 3 Belov, K. 1 Belz, J.W. 4 BenZvi, S. 5 Bergman, D.R. 6 Burt, G.W. 1 Cao, Z. 1 Clay, R.W. 3 Connolly, B. 5 Dawson, B.R. 3 Deng, W. 1 Fedorova, Y. 1 Findlay, J. 1 Finley, C.B. 5 Hanlon, W.F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and High Energy Astrophysics Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA  5: Department of Physics and Nevis Laboratories, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA  6: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p139; Subject Term: COSMIC rays; Subject Term: AUTOCORRELATION (Statistics); Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2004.07.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hollars, Shawn
AU  - Fu, Qiang
AU  - Comstock, Jennifer
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas
T1  - Comparison of cloud-top height retrievals from ground-based 35 GHz MMCR and GMS-5 satellite observations at ARM TWP Manus site
JO  - Atmospheric Research
JF  - Atmospheric Research
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 186
SN  - 01698095
AB  - Retrievals of cloud-top heights from the ARM 35 GHz Millimeter Wave Cloud Radar (MMCR) located on Manus Island are compared to those from the GMS-5 satellite as a means to evaluate the accuracy of both MMCR and GMS-5 retrievals, as well as to ascertain their limitations. Comparisons are carried out for retrievals of both single-layer and multilayer clouds as seen by radar, but only for satellite-detected clouds with 100% amount within a 0.3×0.3° domain centered at the ARM site of one cloud type (i.e., low, middle, or high). Mean differences, with 95% confidence limits, between radar- and satellite-retrieved cloud-top heights (i.e., radar-retrieved cloud-top heights-satellite-retrieved cloud-top heights) are 0.3±0.3 km for single-layer clouds and -0.7±0.3 km for multilayer clouds. The study reveals that for thick clouds (i.e., cloud base ≤1 km and cloud thickness ≥10 km), which are representative of convective towers with no/light precipitation as well as thick anvil clouds, retrievals from the MMCR agree well with those from satellite with mean differences of 0.0±0.4 and -0.2±0.3 km for single-layer and multilayer clouds, respectively. For clouds of lesser thickness, mean cloud-top heights derived from satellite are lower than those derived from radar by as much as 2.0 km. It is also shown that for convective clouds with heavy precipitation, MMCR retrievals underestimate the cloud-top heights significantly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
KW  - RADAR
KW  - Cloud radar
KW  - Cloud-top heights
KW  - Satellite
N1  - Accession Number: 15447982; Hollars, Shawn 1 Fu, Qiang 1; Email Address: qfu@atmos.washington.edu Comstock, Jennifer 2 Ackerman, Thomas 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Box 351640, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1640, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-4, p169; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: RADAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloud radar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloud-top heights; Author-Supplied Keyword: Satellite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.03.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15447982&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benassi, Albert
AU  - Szczap, Frédéric
AU  - Davis, Anthony
AU  - Masbou, Matthieu
AU  - Cornet, Céline
AU  - Bleuyard, Pascal
T1  - Thermal radiative fluxes through inhomogeneous cloud fields: a sensitivity study using a new stochastic cloud generator
JO  - Atmospheric Research
JF  - Atmospheric Research
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 291
EP  - 315
SN  - 01698095
AB  - We analyze the effects of flat and bumpy top, fractional and internally inhomogeneous cloud layers on large area-averaged thermal radiative fluxes. Inhomogeneous clouds are generated by a new stochastic model: the tree-driven mass accumulation process (tdMAP). This model is able to provide stratocumulus and cumulus cloud fields with properties close to those observed in real clouds. A sensitivity study of cloud parameters is done by analyzing differences between 3D fluxes simulated by the spherical harmonic discrete ordinate method and three “standard” models likely to be used in general circulation models: plane-parallel homogeneous cloud model (PPH), PPH with fractional cloud coverage model (FCPPH) and independent pixel approximation model (IPA). We show that thermal fluxes are strong functions of fractional cloud coverage, mean optical depth, mean geometrical thickness and cloud base altitude. Fluctuations of “in-cloud” horizontal variability in optical depth and cloud-top bumps have negligible effects in the whole. We also showed that PPH, FCPPH and IPA models are not suitable to compute thermal fluxes of flat top fractional inhomogeneous cloud layer, except for completely overcast cloud. This implies that horizontal transport of photon at thermal wavelengths is important when cloudy cells are separated by optically thin regions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - CELLS
KW  - Cloud
KW  - fractal
KW  - Infra-red
KW  - Inhomogeneity
KW  - Radiative transfer
KW  - Stochastic processes
N1  - Accession Number: 15447988; Benassi, Albert 1 Szczap, Frédéric 1; Email Address: szczap@opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr Davis, Anthony 2 Masbou, Matthieu 1 Cornet, Céline 3 Bleuyard, Pascal 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, OPGC, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space and Remote Sensing Sciences Group, Los Alamos, NM, USA  3: Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex, France; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-4, p291; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Subject Term: CELLS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloud; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infra-red; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inhomogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiative transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic processes; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.03.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kawamoto, Kazuaki
AU  - Hayasaka, Tadahiro
AU  - Nakajima, Teruyuki
AU  - Streets, David
AU  - Woo, Jung-Hun
T1  - Examining the aerosol indirect effect over China using an SO2 emission inventory
JO  - Atmospheric Research
JF  - Atmospheric Research
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 353
EP  - 363
SN  - 01698095
AB  - The relationship between SO2 emissions and the effective particle radius of low-level water clouds (re) over China was investigated to determine anthropogenic effects on clouds. Sulfur dioxide emission values were obtained from a statistical inventory, and re origins were retrieved by satellite remote sensing on a 0.5° grid. Comparisons between annual mean SO2 emissions and re showed generally decreasing re values, explained by the Twomey effect. The existence of the Twomey effect is supported by comparisons with simulated aerosol optical depths. Results further suggest that clouds over land show sensitivity to the Twomey effect as well as clouds over the ocean. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - SULFUR
KW  - CHINA
KW  - Aerosol indirect effect
KW  - Cloud
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Satellite remote sensing
KW  - SO2 emission
N1  - Accession Number: 15447991; Kawamoto, Kazuaki 1; Email Address: kawamoto@chikyu.ac.jp Hayasaka, Tadahiro 1 Nakajima, Teruyuki 2 Streets, David 3 Woo, Jung-Hun 4; Affiliation:  1: Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), 335 Takashima-cho, Kamigyo, Kyoto 602-0878, Japan  2: Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan  3: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-4, p353; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: SULFUR; Subject Term: CHINA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol indirect effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cloud; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Satellite remote sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: SO2 emission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.03.028
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chabert, Caroline
AU  - Jamon, Marc
AU  - Cherfouh, Ameziane
AU  - Duquenne, Vincent
AU  - Smith, Desmond J.
AU  - Rubin, Edward
AU  - Roubertoux, Piere L.
T1  - Functional Analysis of Genes Implicated in Down Syndrome: 1. Cognitive Abilities in Mice Transpolygenic for Down Syndrome Chromosomal Region-1 (DCR-1).
JO  - Behavior Genetics
JF  - Behavior Genetics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 559
EP  - 569
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00018244
AB  - Down syndrome occurs every 1/1000 births and is the most frequent genetic cause of mental retardation. The genetic substrate of Down syndrome, an extra chromosome 21, was discovered by Lejeune, half-a-century ago, and the chromosome has been fully sequenced, although the gene(s) implicated in the mental retardation observed with the syndrome are still unknown. Observations of patients with partial trisomy of the 21q22.2 fragment suggest that most of the signs of the syndrome, including mental retardation, could be influenced by the region referred to as the Down Minimal Chromosomal Region-1 (DCR-1) for that reason. Using the extensive syntenies between human chromosome 21 and murine chromosome 16, Smith et al. (1995, 1997) developed transpolygenic mice with human chromosome 21 fragments covering the DCR-1. Here, we explored cognitive performances in mice over-expressing the genes carried by these fragments with the Morris water-maze and fear-conditioning procedures. The 152F7 transpolygenic mice had lower performance levels, compared to non-transgenic and other transgenic mice on most measurements in the water-maze. In fear-conditioning, all transgenic mice recorded lower performance levels compared to controls in the altered context stage. The 230E8, 141G6 and 285E6 mice failed to learn or react when the sound used as the conditional stimulus was added. These results showed that the 152F7 region played a crucial role in cognitive impairment, supporting the hypothesis of DYRK-1A gene involvement. However, the data presented here also suggest that other chromosomal regions within the DCR-1 may be involved in specific cognitive functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Behavior Genetics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOWN syndrome
KW  - MENTAL disabilities
KW  - MEDICAL genetics
KW  - DISEASES -- Causes & theories of causation
KW  - HUMAN chromosome abnormalities
KW  - TRISOMY
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - Chromosome 21
KW  - cognition
KW  - DCR-1
KW  - Down syndrome
KW  - fear-conditioning
KW  - water-maze
KW  - YAC
N1  - Accession Number: 14910428; Chabert, Caroline 1 Jamon, Marc 2 Cherfouh, Ameziane 1 Duquenne, Vincent 1 Smith, Desmond J. 3 Rubin, Edward 4 Roubertoux, Piere L. 1,2; Email Address: rouber@/lnf.cnrs-mrs.fr; Affiliation:  1: Génétique, Nuerogénétique, Comportenent, CNRS, France  2: UMR CNRS 6196-P3M, Marseille, France  3: Genone Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, UCLA School of Medicine, 23-120 CHS, P.O. Box 951735, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1735, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 6, p559; Subject Term: DOWN syndrome; Subject Term: MENTAL disabilities; Subject Term: MEDICAL genetics; Subject Term: DISEASES -- Causes & theories of causation; Subject Term: HUMAN chromosome abnormalities; Subject Term: TRISOMY; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosome 21; Author-Supplied Keyword: cognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: DCR-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Down syndrome; Author-Supplied Keyword: fear-conditioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: water-maze; Author-Supplied Keyword: YAC; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bo Hang
T1  - Repair of exocyclic DNA adducts: rings of complexity.
JO  - BioEssays
JF  - BioEssays
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 26
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1195
EP  - 1208
SN  - 02659247
AB  - Studies exocyclic DNA adducts by researchers from Berkeley, California. Efforts of the researchers to gain insight into the biological role of the repair activities for these adducts; Development of mutagenic lesions that can be formed by both exogenous and endogenous mutagens/carcinogens; Evidence showing the evolution of the mechanisms for the removal of specific exocyclic adducts.
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - MUTAGENS
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - MEDICAL research
KW  - BERKELEY (Calif.)
KW  - CALIFORNIA
N1  - Accession Number: 15123921; Bo Hang 1; Email Address: Bo_hang@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 26 Issue 11, p1195; Subject Term: DNA adducts; Subject Term: MUTAGENS; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: MEDICAL research; Subject Term: BERKELEY (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/bies.20130
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pannucci, James
AU  - Cai, Hong
AU  - Pardington, Paige E.
AU  - Williams, Erin
AU  - Okinaka, Richard T.
AU  - Kuske, Cheryl R.
AU  - Cary, Robert B.
T1  - Virulence signatures: microarray-based approaches to discovery and analysis
JO  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
JF  - Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 706
EP  - 718
SN  - 09565663
AB  - Rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection of biothreat agents requires a broad-spectrum assay capable of discriminating between closely related microbial or viral pathogens. Moreover, in cases where a biological agent release has been identified, forensic analysis demands detailed genetic signature data for accurate strain identification and attribution. To date, nucleic acid sequences have provided the most robust and phylogentically illuminating signature information. Nucleic acid signature sequences are not often linked to genomic or extrachromosomal determinants of virulence, a link that would further facilitate discrimination between pathogens and closely related species. Inextricably coupling genetic determinants of virulence with highly informative nucleic acid signatures would provide a robust means of identifying human, livestock, and agricultural pathogens. By means of example, we present here an overview of two general applications of microarray-based methods for: (1) the identification of candidate virulence factors; and (2) the analysis of genetic polymorphisms that are coupled to Bacillus anthracis virulence factors using an accurate, low cost solid-phase mini-sequencing assay. We show that microarray-based analysis of gene expression can identify potential virulence associated genes for use as candidate signature targets, and, further, that microarray-based single nucleotide polymorphism assays provide a robust platform for the detection and identification of signature sequences in a manner independent of the genetic background in which the signature is embedded. We discuss the strategy as a general approach or pipeline for the discovery of virulence-linked nucleic acid signatures for biothreat agents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PATHOGENIC microorganisms
KW  - AGRICULTURE
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GENES
KW  - HEREDITY
KW  - Bacillus anthracis
KW  - Biothreat
KW  - Detection
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - Pathogenesis microarray
KW  - Virulence
KW  - Polymorphism
N1  - Accession Number: 14871012; Pannucci, James Cai, Hong Pardington, Paige E. 1 Williams, Erin 1 Okinaka, Richard T. 1 Kuske, Cheryl R. 1 Cary, Robert B.; Email Address: rbcary@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p706; Subject Term: PATHOGENIC microorganisms; Subject Term: AGRICULTURE; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: HEREDITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bacillus anthracis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biothreat; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pathogenesis microarray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Virulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymorphism; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: Chinese; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bios.2004.04.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14871012&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wekker, S. F. J. De
AU  - Steyn, D. G.
AU  - Nyeki, S.
T1  - A Comparison Of Aerosol-Layer And Convective Boundary-Layer Structure Over A Mountain Range During Staaarte '97.
JO  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
JF  - Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 113
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 271
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00068314
AB  - The temporal evolution and spatial structure of the aerosol layer (AL) height as observed with an airborne downlooking lidar over the Swiss Alps were investigated with a three-dimensional mesoscale numerical model and a particle dispersion model. Convective boundary-layer (CBL) heights were derived from the mesoscale model output, and the behaviour of surface-released particles was investigated with the particle dispersion model. While a previous investigation, using data from the same field study, equated the observed AL height with the CBL height, the results of the current investigation indicate that there is a considerable difference between AL and CBL heights caused by mixing and transport processes between the CBL and the free atmosphere. CBL heights show a more terrain-following behaviour and are lower than AL heights. We argue that processes causing the difference between AL and CBL heights are common over mountainous terrain and that the AL height is a length scale that needs to be considered in air pollution studies in mountainous terrain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Boundary-Layer Meteorology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Convection (Meteorology)
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Climatology
KW  - Boundary layer (Meteorology)
KW  - Alps, Swiss (Switzerland)
KW  - Switzerland
KW  - Aerosol layer
KW  - Boundary-layer height
KW  - Convective boundary layer
KW  - Lidar
KW  - Mountainous terrain
KW  - Numerical modelling
N1  - Accession Number: 15192928; Wekker, S. F. J. De 1,2,3; Email Address: stephan.dewekker@pnl.gov; Steyn, D. G. 1; Nyeki, S. 2,4; Affiliations: 1: The University of British Columbia, Canada; 2: Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A.; 4: University of Essex, Colchester, Essex U.K; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 113 Issue 2, p249; Thesaurus Term: Convection (Meteorology); Thesaurus Term: Meteorology; Thesaurus Term: Climatology; Subject Term: Boundary layer (Meteorology); Subject: Alps, Swiss (Switzerland); Subject: Switzerland; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aerosol layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boundary-layer height; Author-Supplied Keyword: Convective boundary layer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lidar; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mountainous terrain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Numerical modelling; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 106478107
T1  - Decreased brain dopaminergic transporters in HIV-associated dementia patients.
AU  - Wang G
AU  - Chang L
AU  - Volkow ND
AU  - Telang F
AU  - Logan J
AU  - Ernst T
AU  - Fowler JS
Y1  - 2004/11//
N1  - Accession Number: 106478107. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050708. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; diagnostic images; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Allied Health; Biomedical; Europe; Peer Reviewed; UK & Ireland. Instrumentation: Karnofsky Performance Status Scale (KPS); Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) (Folstein et al); HIV Dementia Scale; Memorial Sloan Kettering system (Aronow et al). Grant Information: US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DE-AC02-76CH00016) and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA K24-DA16170; K02-DA16991). NLM UID: 0372537. 
KW  - AIDS Dementia Complex -- Physiopathology
KW  - Basal Ganglia -- Pathology
KW  - Carrier Proteins
KW  - Dopamine
KW  - Adult
KW  - Aged
KW  - AIDS Dementia Complex -- Radiography
KW  - Analysis of Variance
KW  - Brain -- Pathology
KW  - CD4 Lymphocyte Count
KW  - Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale
KW  - Clinical Assessment Tools
KW  - Female
KW  - Funding Source
KW  - Karnofsky Performance Status
KW  - Linear Regression
KW  - Male
KW  - Middle Age
KW  - T-Tests
KW  - Tomography, Emission-Computed
KW  - Viral Load
KW  - Human
SP  - 2452
EP  - 2458
JO  - Brain: A Journal of Neurology
JF  - Brain: A Journal of Neurology
JA  - BRAIN
VL  - 127
IS  - 11
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
AB  - HIV has a propensity to invade subcortical regions of the brain, which may lead to a subcortical dementia termed HIV-cognitive motor complex. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether dopamine (DA) D2 receptors and transporters (DAT) are affected in the basal ganglia of subjects with HIV, and how these changes relate to dementia status. Fifteen HIV subjects (age 44.5 +/- 11 years; CD4 185 +/- 130/mm[3]) and 13 seronegative controls (42 +/- 12 years) were evaluated with PET to assess availability of DAT ([[11]C]cocaine) and DA D2 receptor ([[11]C]raclopride). HIV patients with associated dementia (HAD), but not those without dementia (ND) had significantly lower DAT availability in putamen (-19.3%, P = 0.009) and ventral striatum (-13.6%, P = 0.03) compared with seronegative controls. Higher plasma viral load in the HIV dementia patients correlated with lower DAT in the caudate (r =-0.7, P = 0.02) and putamen (r =-0.69, P = 0.03). DA D2 receptor availability, however, showed mild and non-significant decreases in HIV patients. These results provide the first evidence of DA terminal injury in HIV dementia patients, and suggest that decreased DAT may contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV dementia. The greater DAT decrease in the putamen than in the caudate parallels that observed in Parkinson's disease. The inverse relationship between viral burden and DAT availability further supports HIV-mediated neurotoxicity to dopaminergic terminals.
SN  - 0006-8950
AD  - Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY
U2  - PMID: 15319273.
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - rzh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wetter, M.
AU  - Polak, E.
T1  - A convergent optimization method using pattern search algorithms with adaptive precision simulation.
JO  - Building Services Engineering Research & Technology
JF  - Building Services Engineering Research & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 327
EP  - 338
PB  - Sage Publications, Ltd.
SN  - 01436244
AB  - Thermal building simulation programs, such as EnergyPlus, compute numerical approximations to solutions of systems of differential algebraic equations. We show that the exact solutions of these systems are usually smooth in the building design parameters, but that the numerical approximations are usually discontinuous due to adaptive solvers and finite precision computations. If such approximate solutions are used in conjunction with optimization algorithms that depend on smoothness of the cost function, one needs to compute highprecision solutions, which can be prohibitively expensive if used for all iterations. For such situations, we have developed an adaptive simulation–precision control algorithm that can be used in conjunction with a family of derivative free optimization algorithms. We present the main ingredients of the composite algorithms, we prove that the resulting composite algorithms construct sequences with stationary accumulation points, and we show by numerical experiments that using coarse approximations in the early iterations can significantly reduce computation time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Building Services Engineering Research & Technology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
N1  - Accession Number: 15372954; Wetter, M. 1; Email Address: michael@mwetter.com; Polak, E. 2; Affiliations: 1: ASimulation Research Group, Building Technologies Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; 2: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p327; Thesaurus Term: ALGORITHMS; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Thesaurus Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Thesaurus Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Thesaurus Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1191/0143624404bt097oa
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Quine, J.R.
AU  - Cross, Timothy A.
AU  - Chapman, Michael S.
AU  - Bertram, Richard
T1  - Mathematical aspects of protein structure determination with NMR orientational restraints
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
JF  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 66
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1705
EP  - 1730
SN  - 00928240
AB  - The field of structural biology is becoming increasingly important as new technological developments facilitate the collection of data on the atomic structures of proteins and nucleic acids. The solid-state NMR method is a relatively new biophysical technique that holds particular promise for determining the structures of peptides and proteins that are located within the cell membrane. This method provides information on the orientation of the peptide planes relative to an external magnetic field. In this article, we discuss some of the mathematical methods and tools that are useful in deriving the atomic structure from these orientational data. We first discuss how the data are viewed as tensors, and how these tensors can be used to construct an initial atomic model, assuming ideal stereochemistry. We then discuss methods for refining the models using global optimization, with stereochemistry constraints treated as penalty functions. These two processes, initial model building followed by refinement, are the two crucial steps between data collection and the final atomic model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of Mathematical Biology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - CELL membranes
KW  - ATOMIC models
KW  - LIFE sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 14869696; Quine, J.R. 1,2; Email Address: quine@math.fsu.edu Cross, Timothy A. 2,3 Chapman, Michael S. 3 Bertram, Richard 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 66 Issue 6, p1705; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: CELL membranes; Subject Term: ATOMIC models; Subject Term: LIFE sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bulm.2004.03.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14869696&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wullschleger, Stan D.
AU  - McLaughlin, Samuel B.
AU  - Ayres, Matthew P.
T1  - High-resolution analysis of stem increment and sap flow for loblolly pine trees attacked by southern pine beetle.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
JF  - Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2387
EP  - 2393
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00455067
AB  - Manual and automated dendrometers, and thermal dissipation probes were used to measure stem increment and sap flow for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees attacked by southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) in east Tennessee, USA. Seasonal-long measurements with manual dendrometers indicated linear increases in stem circumference from April through June. Changes in stem circumference slowed after this time, and further increases were either modest or not observed. These effects coincided with a massive midsummer infestation of trees with southern pine beetles. High-resolution measurements with automated dendrometers confirmed that, while early-season increases in radial increment were positive, daily rates of radial increment for slow- and fast-growing trees were largely negative in early to late July. Sap velocity also declined despite favorable weather conditions, but these reductions were not observed until mid-August. Thus, effects on radial increment and stem circumference preceded those on sap velocity by several weeks. The timing of these events, combined with the known developmental rate of southern pine beetles, suggest that disruption of whole-tree water balance is not a prerequisite for the success of attacking beetles or for oviposition by colonizing females and larval development, all of which were completed by early August. Additional field experiments that use high-resolution techniques to measure stem increment and sap flow are needed to more rigorously characterize temporal changes in host physiology during initial invasion and colonization of trees by southern pine beetle. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Des dendromètres manuels et automatiques ainsi que des capteurs de dissipation de chaleur ont été utilisés pour mesurer l'accroissement de la tige et l'écoulement de la sève chez des pins à encens (Pinus taeda L.) attaqués par le dendroctone méridional du pin (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) dans l'est du Tennessee, aux États-unis. Des mesures prises tout au long de la saison avec des dendromètres manuels ont montré une augmentation linéaire de la circonférence de la tige du mois d'avril au mois de juin. Par la suite, les changements dans la circonférence de la tige ont ralenti et les augmentations subséquentes ont été modestes ou n'ont pas été détectées. Ces effets coïncident avec une infestation massive des arbres par le dendroctone méridional du pin au milieu de l'été. Des mesures à haute résolution avec des dendromètres automatiques confirment que tandis que les augmentations de croissance radiale observées en début de saison étaient positives, le taux quotidien de croissance radiale chez les arbres à croissance lente et chez les arbres à croissance rapide était fortement négatif du début à la fin juillet. La vitesse d'écoulement de la sève a également diminué malgré des conditions météorologiques favorables mais cette diminution n'a pas été observée avant le milieu du mois d'août. Par conséquent, les effets sur l'accroissement radial et en circonférence ont précédé ceux sur la vitesse d'écoulement de la sève de plusieurs semaines. La séquence de ces événements dans le temps, combinée au taux de développement connu du dendroctone méridional du pin, laisse croire que la perturbation du bilan hydrique global d'un arbre n'est pas une condition préalable pour le succès d'une attaque par les insectes, de l'oviposition par les femelles ni du développement des larves qui était complété vers le début du mois d'août. D'autres expériences sur le terrain avec des techniques à haute résolution pour mesurer l'accroissement de la tige et la vitesse d'écoulement de la sève sont requises pour caractériser de façon plus rigoureuse les changements temporels dans la physiologie de l'hôte pendant l'invasion initiale et la colonisation des arbres par le dendroctone méridional du pin.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENDROMETERS
KW  - SAP (Plant)
KW  - LOBLOLLY pine
KW  - SOUTHERN pine beetle
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
N1  - Accession Number: 15382295; Wullschleger, Stan D. 1; Email Address: wullschlegsd@ornl.gov McLaughlin, Samuel B. 1 Ayres, Matthew P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA  2: Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755-3576, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p2387; Subject Term: DENDROMETERS; Subject Term: SAP (Plant); Subject Term: LOBLOLLY pine; Subject Term: SOUTHERN pine beetle; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/X04-118
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15382295&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neill, P.
AU  - Harris, C.
AU  - Safronova, A.S.
AU  - Hamasha, S.
AU  - Hansen, S.
AU  - Safronova, U.I.
AU  - Beiersdorfer, P.
T1  - The study of X-ray M-shell spectra of W ions from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Electron Beam Ion Trap.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Physics
JF  - Canadian Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 82
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 931
EP  - 942
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 00084204
AB  - M-shell spectra of W ions have been produced at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory EBIT-II electron beam ion trap-II at different energies of the electron beam. A survey has been performed at 2.4, 2.8, and 3.6 keV, and for steps in energy of 100 eV over the 3.9–4.6 keV energy range. The analysis of 11 W spectra has shown the presence of a wide variety of ionization stages from Se-like to Cr-like W; the appearances of these ionization stages correlate well with the energy of their production. The present paper focuses on the identification of 63 experimental features of W ions in a spectral region from 5 to 6 Å (1 Å = 10–10 m) using calculations with inclusion of all ionization stages matching this spectral region. The majority of lines in all spectra have been identified and assigned to the 4f → 3d and 4d → 3p transitions. This is the first work that lists a comprehensive identification of so many resolved spectral features of X-ray M-shell transitions in W ions recorded in such detail in the laboratory. PACS Nos.: 52.58.Lq,32.30.Rj,52.70.La (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Nous avons produit des spectres dans la couche M d'ions W à l'aide du faisceau d'électrons du EBIT-II du Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory à différentes énergies du faisceau. L'étude a été faite à 2.4, 2.8 et 3.6 keV et entre 3.9 et 4.6 keV avec des sauts de 100 eV. L'analyse de 11 spectres de W a montré la présence d'une large variété de seuils d'ionisation, allant du W de type Se au type Cr. L'apparition de ces seuils d'ionisation est en bonne corrélation avec leur énergie de production. Nous identifions 63 caractéristiques expérimentales des ions W dans la région spectrale entre 5 et 6 Å (1 Å  = 10–10 m) en utilisant des calculs incluant tous les seuils  d'ionisation correspondant à cette région spectrale.. La majorité des lignes de tous les spectres ont été identifiées et assignées aux transitions 4f → 3d et 4d → 3p. Ceci est le premier travail qui présente une liste aussi complète d'un aussi grand nombre de caractéristiques-X identifiées dans la couche M d'ions W et mesurées avec autant de précision en laboratoire. [Traduit par la rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Physics is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - X-rays
KW  - Electromagnetic waves
KW  - Electron beams
KW  - Electron optics
KW  - Particle beams
KW  - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15230724; Neill, P. 1; Harris, C. 1; Safronova, A.S. 1; Email Address: alla@physics.unr.edu; Hamasha, S. 1; Hansen, S. 1; Safronova, U.I. 1; Beiersdorfer, P. 2; Affiliations: 1: Physics Department/220, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; 2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 82 Issue 11, p931; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: Electromagnetic waves; Subject Term: Electron beams; Subject Term: Electron optics; Subject Term: Particle beams ; Company/Entity: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/P04-053
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15230724&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corr, David J.
AU  - Juenger, Maria C.G.
AU  - Monteiro, Paulo J.M.
AU  - Bastacky, Jacob
T1  - Investigating entrained air voids and Portland cement hydration with low-temperature scanning electron microscopy
JO  - Cement & Concrete Composites
JF  - Cement & Concrete Composites
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 26
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 1007
EP  - 1012
SN  - 09589465
AB  - This paper describes the application of low temperature scanning electron microscopy to the materials science of Portland cement. The details of low-temperature scanning electron microscopy are described, along with a number of specimen preparation techniques. There are three main research topics presented in this paper: (1) ice morphology in entrained air voids, (2) development of air voids during early hydration and (3) progression of hydration in Portland cement. The first research focus examines ice in air voids at freezing temperatures, and various cement paste ages. The second research focus tracks the development of the air voids during the first hour of hydration. In the third research focus, the progression of hydration with and without accelerating and retarding admixtures is described. Each of these research programs demonstrates how low-temperature scanning electron microscopy can be an effective tool in Portland cement research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cement & Concrete Composites is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CEMENT
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - Cement hydration
KW  - Entrained air voids
KW  - Ice formation
KW  - Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy
KW  - Microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14580303; Corr, David J. 1; Email Address: d-corr2@northwestern.edu Juenger, Maria C.G. 2; Email Address: mjuenger@mail.utexas.edu Monteiro, Paulo J.M. 3; Email Address: monteiro@ce.berkeley.edu Bastacky, Jacob 4; Email Address: jbastacky@chori.org; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Technological Institute Suite A130, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  2: Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C1748, Austin, TX 78712-0275, USA  3: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 725 Davis Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Center for Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 26 Issue 8, p1007; Subject Term: CEMENT; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cement hydration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Entrained air voids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ice formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327310 Cement Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.035
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14580303&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, Krishnan
T1  - Group theory, nuclear spin statistics and tunneling splittings of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 398
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 15
EP  - 21
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The symmetry group of the non-rigid 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) is constructed for the internal rotations of the nitro groups that exhibit low rotation barriers of 5 kcal/mole. The permutation group has 48 operations characterized by the wreath product S3[S2]. The nuclear spin statistical weights for TATB with 17O, 14N and 1H species are computed and the tunneling splitting patterns of the rotational and rovibronic levels of TATB are constructed for the first time. It is shown that the ground rovibronic state of TATB is split into A1, A3, T1 and T3 levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GROUP theory
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - PERMUTATION groups
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14716903; Balasubramanian, Krishnan 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Institute of Data Analysis and Visualization, University of California Davis, P.O. Box 808 L-268, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Glenn T Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 398 Issue 1-3, p15; Subject Term: GROUP theory; Subject Term: BENZENE; Subject Term: PERMUTATION groups; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14716903&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lian, Rui
AU  - Oulianov, Dmitri A.
AU  - Shkrob, Ilya A.
AU  - Crowell, Robert A.
T1  - Geminate recombination of electrons generated by above-the-gap (12.4 eV) photoionization of liquid water
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 398
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 102
EP  - 106
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The picosecond geminate recombination kinetics for hydrated electrons generated by 200 nm two photon absorption (12.4 eV total energy) has been measured in both light and heavy water. The geminate kinetics are observed to be almost identical in both H2O and D2O. Kinetic analysis based upon the independent reaction time approximation indicates that the average separation between the electron and its geminate partners in D2O is 13% narrower than in H2O (2.1 vs. 2.4 nm). These observations suggest that, even at this high ionization energy, autoionization of water competes with direct ionization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - WATER
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 14716918; Lian, Rui 1 Oulianov, Dmitri A. 1 Shkrob, Ilya A. 1; Email Address: shrob@anl.gov Crowell, Robert A.; Email Address: rob_crowell@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 398 Issue 1-3, p102; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.081
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14716918&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bortolus, Marco
AU  - Prato, Maurizio
AU  - Tol, Johan van
AU  - Maniero, Anna Lisa
T1  - Time-resolved EPR study of fullerene C60 adducts at 240 GHz
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 398
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 228
EP  - 234
SN  - 00092614
AB  - The excited triplet states of a series of fullerene C60 mono- and bis-adducts have been studied using high-frequency (240 GHz) TR-EPR spectroscopy. The simulation of the spectra gave the zero-field splitting parameters and the population ratio of the triplet sublevels. Moreover, thanks to the increased spectral resolution available at very high frequencies, the g tensor principal values and principal directions with respect to the ZFS axes were determined. The effect of the number, position and of the nature of the substituents on the triplet parameters is discussed. For some adducts the triplet signal decay was analysed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - CALCULUS of tensors
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 14716940; Bortolus, Marco 1 Prato, Maurizio 2 Tol, Johan van 3 Maniero, Anna Lisa; Email Address: annalisa.maniero@unipd.it; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy  2: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Piazzale Europa, I-34100 Trieste, Italy  3: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 398 Issue 1-3, p228; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: CALCULUS of tensors; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14716940&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geiser, Urs
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
T1  - Conducting Organic Radical Cation Salts with Organic and Organometallic Anions.
JO  - Chemical Reviews
JF  - Chemical Reviews
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 104
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5203
EP  - 5241
SN  - 00092665
AB  - Summarizes various research about conducting organic radical cation salts with organic and organometallic anions. Salts of other tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-related donor molecules; Salts of donor molecules that are not directly based on TTF or its homologues; Salts prepared as thin films supported either by a liquid-air interface or on top of a solid substrate.
KW  - SALTS
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - ORGANOSULFUR compounds
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 15313089; Geiser, Urs 1 Schlueter, John A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue Building 200, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 104 Issue 11, p5203; Subject Term: SALTS; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: ORGANOSULFUR compounds; Subject Term: THIN films; Number of Pages: 39p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Overbeek, Ross
AU  - Disz, Terry
AU  - Stevens, Rick
T1  - The SEED: A Peer-to-Peer Environment for Genome Annotation.
JO  - Communications of the ACM
JF  - Communications of the ACM
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 47
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 46
EP  - 51
SN  - 00010782
AB  - The article discusses the use of SEED, a tool kit created for studying genomics. Genome annotation is the most important areas in genomics today. It is the process of identifying the functions of particular regions of genetic sequence data. Scientists need to be able to view and manipulate genomic data, automatically append annotations to it, and exchange information with other researchers. The SEED represents an ambitious effort to stimulate and support education, research, and collaboration relating to the analysis of genomic data. Its primary objective is to dramatically improve the ability of biologists to construct and propagate large-scale integrations containing hundreds of genomes, expression data, metabolic data and other forms of biological data needed to support the analysis of organisms. Its most notable benefit will be to enable analysis of newly sequenced genomes in the context of comparative data; such analysis will inevitably lead to far superior initial characterizations. The SEED leverages a network and functional design incorporating the notion of communicating peers. This design is in keeping with current directions in network services architecture while facilitating collaboration and cooperation in the biological community, including the participation of students and researchers at institutions lacking their own large information technology infrastructures.
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - INFORMATION technology
KW  - PEER-to-peer architecture (Computer networks)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - MOLECULAR genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 14958068; Overbeek, Ross 1,2; Email Address: ross@thefig.info Disz, Terry 3; Email Address: disz@mcs.anl.gov Stevens, Rick 4,5; Email Address: stevens@mcs.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Co-founder, Fellowship for Interpretation of Genomes, Argonne, IL.  2: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL.  3: Co-director, Collaborative Tools Effort, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Futures Lab at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL.  4: Division Director, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL.  5: Professor of Computer Science, University of Chicago.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 47 Issue 11, p46; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: PEER-to-peer architecture (Computer networks); Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: MOLECULAR genetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deodeshmukh, V.
AU  - Venugopal, A.
AU  - Chandra, D.
AU  - Yilmaz, A.
AU  - Daemen, J.
AU  - Jones, D.A.
AU  - Lea, S.
AU  - Engelhard, M.
T1  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses of corrosion products formed on rock bolt carbon steel in chloride media with bicarbonate and silicate ions
JO  - Corrosion Science
JF  - Corrosion Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2629
EP  - 2649
SN  - 0010938X
AB  - The passivation behavior of Yucca Mountain Repository rock bolt carbon steel in deaerated 3.5% NaCl solution containing SiO32- and HCO3- ions was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic methods. Polarization results indicate that combinations of silicate and bicarbonate anions decrease the passive current density and raise the pitting potential. XPS results indicate the enrichment of silica at passive potentials and the formation of mixed FeCO3 and silica film at lower potentials. This change in film composition was responsible for the changes in corrosion rate at lower and higher potentials. XPS results also support the thermodynamic data with regard to the occurrence of second oxidation peak observed in the polarization curves to be due to the oxidation of FeCO3 to Fe2O3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Corrosion Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Ions
KW  - Integrated circuits -- Passivation
KW  - Carbon steel
KW  - Polarization (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Silica
KW  - Impedance spectroscopy
KW  - Pitting potential
KW  - Polarization
KW  - Rock bolt steel
KW  - XPS
KW  - SEM
N1  - Accession Number: 14311597; Deodeshmukh, V. 1; Venugopal, A. 1; Chandra, D. 1; Email Address: dchandra@unr.edu; Yilmaz, A. 1; Daemen, J. 1; Jones, D.A. 1; Lea, S. 2; Engelhard, M. 2; Affiliations: 1: Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 46 Issue 11, p2629; Thesaurus Term: Sodium; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Subject Term: Integrated circuits -- Passivation; Subject Term: Carbon steel; Subject Term: Polarization (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Silica; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impedance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pitting potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polarization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rock bolt steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEM; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.corsci.2004.03.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markiewicz, W.Denis
T1  - Elastic stiffness model for the critical temperature <f>Tc</f> of Nb3Sn including strain dependence
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 44
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 767
EP  - 782
SN  - 00112275
AB  - A calculation is established for the critical temperature <f>Tc</f> of the superconductor Nb3Sn that includes the dependence on applied mechanical strain. The calculation employs the formalism of strong coupling phonon superconductivity, as usually given in frequency space. The directional nature of strain is included by expressing the equations of strong coupling in wave vector space. The relation between wave number and frequency is provided by the dispersion relations incorporating the effective elastic constants for the symmetry directions of the cubic crystal. An analytical formalism is established in which the elastic constants are derived in a unified way from an assumed strain energy potential function. The form of the strain energy potential is governed by the cubic symmetry. The scalar invariants of the strain tensor under the cubic symmetry group are determined as a set of basis functions for the strain energy potential. In the harmonic approximation, the relation between the strain energy function and the elastic constants determines the harmonic amplitudes of the strain potential from the measured dispersion relations. The electron–phonon coupling characteristic is approximated in a simple analytic form determined by inspection of the experimentally determined tunneling and phonon density of states. The critical temperature is calculated, through the equations of strong coupling, as a sum over the crystal symmetry directions. The anharmonic terms of the strain energy potential are introduced as the source of the strain dependence of the critical temperature. The allowed form of the anharmonic terms is again governed by cubic symmetry. The amplitudes of the anharmonic terms are determined from the strain dependence characteristics of single crystals and composite superconductors. The calculations are found to represent the observed strain dependence well with a strain energy function that contains three scalar invariants of the strain tensor, including the spherical (hydrostatic) strain invariant, and the principle parts of the second and third invariants of the deviatoric strain tensor. The formalism is applied to the analysis of composite conductors. The characteristics of the strain dependence of wire and tape geometries under longitudinal and transverse loads are related to the symmetry of the conductor and direction of applied load. Implications of conductor symmetry and constraint on the measurement of the strain dependent properties are identified. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - Critical temperature
KW  - Strain effects
KW  - Superconductor
N1  - Accession Number: 13902832; Markiewicz, W.Denis 1; Email Address: markwcz@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 44 Issue 11, p767; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductor; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2004.03.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim
AU  - I. W.
AU  - DiMasi
AU  - E.
AU  - Evans
AU  - J. S.
T1  - Identification of Mineral Modulation Sequences within the Nacre-Associated Oyster Shell Protein, n16.
JO  - Crystal Growth & Design
JF  - Crystal Growth & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1113
EP  - 1118
SN  - 15287483
AB  - Nature's use of proteins to direct and control the synthesis of inorganic solids represents an important paradigm for bioinspired materials synthesis. However, the mechanism by which polypeptides direct inorganic synthesis, particularly with regard to selective formation of crystals polymorphs, remains unknown. An important step in understanding polypeptide-directed inorganic synthesis is the identification of sequence regions in biomineralization proteins that can affect crystal growth. In this report, we identify that the 30 AA N- and C-terminal sequence regions (n16-N and n16-C, respectively) of the oyster shell aragonite-associated protein, n16, exhibit control over the morphology of calcium carbonate crystals grown in geologic calcite overgrowth assays and polyimide (Kevlar)-based assays. Here, we find that calcium carbonate crystals, which grow in the presence of model peptides representing the n16-N and n16-C sequences, adopt dendritic or circular overgrowth in geological calcite overgrowth assays and “staircase” structures in Kevlar-based assays, as compared to negative controls and to parallel assays conducted in the presence of AP24-1, the 30 AA N-terminal sequence region of the nacre-associated protein, AP24, which interrupts step edge growth. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the crystals grown in the presence of n16-N are calcite. Circular dichroism spectrometry studies of n16-N and n16-C model peptides reveal qualitatively similar solution state conformations that consist of either random coil in equilibrium with other secondary structures (e.g., β-strand, turn, loop, polyproline type II) or, at higher concentrations, a β-strand secondary structure in equilibrium with random coil. We conclude that the N- and C-terminal sequence regions of the nacre-associated n16 protein most likely play a role in n16-mediated effects on calcium carbonate crystal growth in the nacre layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Crystal Growth & Design is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CALCIUM carbonate
N1  - Accession Number: 15994496; Kim I. W. 1 DiMasi E. 1 Evans J. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory for Chemical Physics, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, New York, 10010, and Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973-5000; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 4 Issue 6, p1113; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CALCIUM carbonate; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Asatiani, Nino V.
AU  - Abuladze, Marina K.
AU  - Kartvelishvili, Tamar M.
AU  - Bakradze, Nugzar G.
AU  - Sapojnikova, Nelly A.
AU  - Tsibakhashvili, Nelly Ya.
AU  - Tabatadze, Leila V.
AU  - Lejava, Lia V.
AU  - Asanishvili, Lali L.
AU  - Holman, Hoi-Ying
T1  - Effect of Chromium(VI) Action onArthrobacter oxydans.
JO  - Current Microbiology
JF  - Current Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 49
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 326
SN  - 03438651
AB  - Arthrobacterspecies is of interest because of its high potential for bioremediation. Bacteria can detoxify chromium, by either reduction or accumulation inside the bacteria and/or absorption of chromium(VI) (CrVI) on their surface, and efflux pump. The possible pathway of Cr(VI) reduction byArthrobacter oxydansisolated from Columbia basalt rocks at a US DOE highly contaminated site (USA) has been considered in the present study. FTIR absorption spectroscopy showed that these bacteria reduce Cr(VI). In the present study the threshold Cr(VI) nontoxic concentration (35 µg/mL) forA. oxydansgrowing in liquid medium was estimated. Complete uptake of this concentration was achieved in about 10 days after chromium addition into the medium. At this concentration an increase in the protein isolated from the cell wall ofA. oxydanswas observed. This increased protein predominated independently of the growth phase at which Cr(VI) was added. Thermal analysis was used to identify any influence of Cr(VI) on the DNP complex ofA. oxydans.According to the data obtained it can be supposed that Cr(VI) reduction predominantly occurs on the bacterial surface and that cell wall represents a permeable barrier for these bacteria at the non-toxic chromium action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Current Microbiology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEXAVALENT chromium
KW  - ARTHROBACTER
KW  - BIOREMEDIATION
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - DECONTAMINATION (From gases, chemicals, etc.)
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15398498; Asatiani, Nino V. 1; Email Address: nina_asatiani@yahoo.com Abuladze, Marina K. 1 Kartvelishvili, Tamar M. 2 Bakradze, Nugzar G. 1 Sapojnikova, Nelly A. 1 Tsibakhashvili, Nelly Ya. 1 Tabatadze, Leila V. 1 Lejava, Lia V. 1 Asanishvili, Lali L. 1 Holman, Hoi-Ying 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Georgian Academy of Science, 6 Tamarashvili Street, 0177 Tbilisi, Georgia  2: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Georgian Academy of Sciences, 14 Gotua Street, 0160 Tbilisi, Georgia  3: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p321; Subject Term: HEXAVALENT chromium; Subject Term: ARTHROBACTER; Subject Term: BIOREMEDIATION; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: DECONTAMINATION (From gases, chemicals, etc.); Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00284-004-4351-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shin, Won-Tae
AU  - Yiacoumi, Sotira
AU  - Tsouris, Costas
T1  - Electric-field effects on interfaces: electrospray and electrocoalescence
JO  - Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 9
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 249
EP  - 255
SN  - 13590294
AB  - Abstract: Recent advances in the application of electric fields to interface modification, leading to drop breakup and coalescence in liquid–liquid dispersions or particle aggregation in solid–liquid suspensions, are reviewed in this article. Potential new applications based on electrospray and electrocoalescence of droplets are discussed. Both of these phenomena may occur under applied electric fields and may apply to drops, particles or bubbles. Several industrial applications take advantage of electric fields. Some of these applications are based on well-understood phenomena, such as normal electrospray of droplets (e.g., as in ink jet printing), while others are less understood (e.g., inverse electrospray). Recent developments of electric-field effects and applications, as well as expected future directions, are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - INK-jet printing
KW  - COMPUTER printers
KW  - Electrocoalescence
KW  - Electrodistillation
KW  - Electroextraction
KW  - Electrohydrodynamics
KW  - Electromixing
KW  - Electrospray
KW  - Phase separation
N1  - Accession Number: 15562347; Shin, Won-Tae 1; Email Address: wtshin@kosef.re.kr Yiacoumi, Sotira 2; Email Address: syiacoumi@ce.gatech.edu Tsouris, Costas 2,3; Email Address: tsourisc@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Korea Science and Engineering Foundation, Chemical Discipline Office of Directorates, Daejeon, Korea  2: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 9 Issue 3/4, p249; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: INK-jet printing; Subject Term: COMPUTER printers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrocoalescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrodistillation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electroextraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrohydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromixing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrospray; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase separation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cocis.2004.06.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bailey, S. M.
AU  - Goodwin, E. H.
AU  - Cornforth, M. N.
T1  - Strand-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization: the CO-FISH family.
JO  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
JF  - Cytogenetic & Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 107
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 14
EP  - 17
SN  - 14248581
AB  - The ability to prepare single-stranded chromosomal target DNA allows innovative uses of FISH technology for studies of chromosome organization. Standard FISH methodologies require functionally single-stranded DNAs in order to facilitate hybridization between the probe and the complementary chromosomal target sequence. This usually involves denaturation of double-stranded probes to induce temporary separation of the DNA strands. Strand-specific FISH (CO-FISH; Chromosome Orientation-FISH) involves selective removal of newly replicated strands from DNA of metaphase chromosomes which results in single-stranded target DNA. When single-stranded probes are then hybridized to such targets, the resulting strand-specific hybridization is capable of revealing a level of information previously unattainable at the cytogenetic level. Mammalian telomeric DNA consists of tandem repeats of the (TTAGGG) sequence, oriented 5′→3′ towards the termini of all vertebrate chromosomes. Based on this conserved structural organization, CO-FISH with a telomere probe reveals the absolute 5′→3′ orientation of DNA sequences with respect to the pter→qter direction of chromosomes. Development and various applications of CO-FISH will be discussed: detection of cryptic inversions, discrimination between telomeres produced by leading- versus lagging-strand synthesis, and replication timing of mammalian telomeres. Copyright © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cytogenetic & Genome Research is the property of Karger AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOME inversions
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - DNA probes
KW  - NUCLEIC acid probes
KW  - CHROMOSOME polymorphism
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
N1  - Accession Number: 14072392; Bailey, S. M. 1; Email Address: sbailey@colostate.edu Goodwin, E. H. 2 Cornforth, M. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.  2: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.  3: Departments of Radiation Oncology and Human Biological Chemistry & Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch,Galveston, TX (USA).; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 107 Issue 1/2, p14; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME inversions; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: DNA probes; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acid probes; Subject Term: CHROMOSOME polymorphism; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1159/000079565
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsap, Leonid V.
AU  - Shin, Min C.
T1  - Dynamic disparity adjustment and histogram-based filtering of range data for fast 3-D hand tracking
JO  - Digital Signal Processing
JF  - Digital Signal Processing
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 550
EP  - 565
SN  - 10512004
AB  - Range data is very important in human-computer interaction applications. Although less costly, range acquisition and processing still presents a speed vs data reliability tradeoff. This paper proposes a method that, given noisy and generally unreliable range data, can filter out erroneous information using range histograms for regions of interest selected in registered color data. Then, using the resulting consistent data that has passed filters, this method limits the depth search space dynamically using motion history and its current state. Experimental results demonstrate the success of the proposed algorithm. Using filtered range data, the algorithm correctly identified the hand involved in manipulation 99.85% of the time. Dynamic disparity adjustment produced a speedup of 60.17% over a static disparity range selection. An application to virtual reality navigation is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Digital Signal Processing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMAN-computer interaction
KW  - ERGONOMICS
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - VIRTUAL reality
KW  - Dynamic disparity adjustment
KW  - Hand tracking
KW  - Histogram-based filtering
KW  - Human-computer interaction
KW  - Motion analysis
KW  - Range data
KW  - Region detection and identification
N1  - Accession Number: 14875042; Tsap, Leonid V. 1; Email Address: tsap@llnl.gov Shin, Min C.; Email Address: mcshin@uncc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Communications and Signal Processing Group, Electronics Engineering Department, University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p550; Subject Term: HUMAN-computer interaction; Subject Term: ERGONOMICS; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: VIRTUAL reality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic disparity adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hand tracking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Histogram-based filtering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Human-computer interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Motion analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Range data; Author-Supplied Keyword: Region detection and identification; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.dsp.2004.04.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Herstedt, M.
AU  - Abraham, D.P.
AU  - Kerr, J.B.
AU  - Edström, K.
T1  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of negative electrodes from high-power lithium-ion cells showing various levels of power fade
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 49
IS  - 28
M3  - Article
SP  - 5097
EP  - 5110
SN  - 00134686
AB  - The current generation of high-power lithium-ion cells for transportation applications, being developed and studied at Argonne National Laboratory, contain LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2-based cathodes, graphite-based anodes, and LiPF6-based electrolytes. These cells show loss of capacity and power during accelerated testing at elevated temperatures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) examination of negative electrode samples harvested from some cells that showed varying degrees of power and capacity fade revealed a surface film on the graphite. Samples from cells that showed higher fade exhibited a thicker film. Furthermore, solvent-based compounds were dominant on samples from low power fade cells, whereas LiPF6-based products were dominant on samples from high-power fade cells. The effects of sample rinsing and air exposure are explored. Mechanisms are proposed to explain the formation of compounds suggested by the XPS data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - IONS
KW  - Graphite
KW  - High-power lithium-ion cells
KW  - LiPF6
KW  - Power fade
KW  - XPS
N1  - Accession Number: 14714975; Herstedt, M. 1 Abraham, D.P.; Email Address: abraham@cmt.anl.gov Kerr, J.B. 2 Edström, K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Chemistry, Ångström Advanced Battery Centre, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62-203, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 49 Issue 28, p5097; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-power lithium-ion cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiPF6; Author-Supplied Keyword: Power fade; Author-Supplied Keyword: XPS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.06.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - O’Sullivan, D.T.J.
AU  - Keane, M.M.
AU  - Kelliher, D.
AU  - Hitchcock, R.J.
T1  - Improving building operation by tracking performance metrics throughout the building lifecycle (BLC)
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 36
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1075
EP  - 1090
SN  - 03787788
AB  - An industry foundation class based building product model of University College Cork’s “to be constructed” Environmental Research Institute will be developed. This paper discusses combining such a building product model with a building management system and other tools and technologies to create a framework for monitoring, analysing and controlling a building throughout its building lifecycle based on a set of performance metrics. The framework will be known as the building energy monitoring, analysing and controlling (BEMAC) framework. Current building performance assessment practices lack standardisation/continuity throughout the building lifecycle. An environment such as the BEMAC framework described in this paper offers a means to achieving such standardisation/continuity by documenting and communicating performance metrics data such that these data can provide value across the complete lifecycle of a building project, from planning through design and construction into occupancy and operation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Force & energy
KW  - Environmental sciences
KW  - Research institutes
KW  - Universities & colleges
KW  - Building lifecycle
KW  - Building management system
KW  - Building performance
KW  - Building product model
KW  - Industry foundation classes
KW  - Performance metrics
N1  - Accession Number: 14187467; O’Sullivan, D.T.J. 1; Email Address: dominicosullivan@hotmail.com; Keane, M.M. 1; Kelliher, D. 1; Hitchcock, R.J. 2; Affiliations: 1: IRUSE, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; 2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building Technologies Department, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 36 Issue 11, p1075; Thesaurus Term: Force & energy; Thesaurus Term: Environmental sciences; Subject Term: Research institutes; Subject Term: Universities & colleges; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building lifecycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building management system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building performance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building product model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Industry foundation classes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Performance metrics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.03.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolfe, Amy K.
T1  - ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS, ECOLOGICAL THEOLOGY AND NATURAL SELECTION (Book).
JO  - Environment
JF  - Environment
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 9
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 41
EP  - 42
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00139157
AB  - Reviews the book "Environmental Ethics, Ecological Theology and Natural Selection," by Lisa H. Sideris.
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL ethics
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SIDERIS, Lisa H.
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL Ethics, Ecological Theology & Natural Selection (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14916107; Wolfe, Amy K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 46 Issue 9, p41; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL ethics; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: ENVIRONMENTAL Ethics, Ecological Theology & Natural Selection (Book); People: SIDERIS, Lisa H.; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Book Review; Full Text Word Count: 405
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mcdonald, Jacob D.
AU  - Eide, Lngvar
AU  - Grave, Jeanclare Sea
AU  - Zielinska, Barbara
AU  - Whitney, Kevin
AU  - Lawson, Douglas R.
AU  - Mauderly, Joe L.
T1  - Relationship between Composition and Toxicity of Motor Vehicle Emission Samples.
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 112
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 1527
EP  - 1538
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 00916765
AB  - In this study we investigated the statistical relationship between particle and semivolatile organic chemical constituents in gasoline and diesel vehicle exhaust samples, and toxicity as measured by inflammation and tissue damage in rat lungs and mutagenicity in bacteria. Exhaust samples were collected from "normal" and "high-emitting" gasoline and diesel light-duty vehicles. We employed a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares regression (PLS; also known as projection to latent structures) to evaluate the relationships between chemical composition of vehicle exhaust and toxicity. The PLS analysis revealed the chemical constituents covarying most strongly with toxicity and produced models predicting the relative toxicity of the samples with good accuracy. The specific nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons important for mutagenicity were the same chemicals that have been implicated by decades of bioassay-directed fractionation. These chemicals were not related to lung toxicity, which was associated with organic carbon and select organic compounds that are present in lubricating oil. The results demonstrate the utility of the PCA/PLS approach for evaluating composition-response relationships in complex mixture exposures and also provide a starting point for confirming causality and determining the mechanisms of the lung effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of Superintendent of Documents and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Carbon compounds
KW  - Lungs
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Aromatic amines
KW  - diesel exhaust
KW  - gasoline exhaust
KW  - hopane
KW  - mutagenicity
KW  - PAHs
KW  - particulate matter health effects
KW  - principal component analysis
KW  - semivolatile organic carbon
KW  - Sterane
KW  - Toxicity Of Motor Vehicle Emissions.
N1  - Accession Number: 14944288; Mcdonald, Jacob D. 1; Eide, Lngvar 2; Grave, Jeanclare Sea 1; Zielinska, Barbara 3; Whitney, Kevin 4; Lawson, Douglas R. 5; Mauderly, Joe L. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA; 2: Statoil Research Centre, Trondheim, Norway; 3: Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, USA; 4: Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA; 5: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 112 Issue 15, p1527; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Gasoline; Thesaurus Term: Carbon compounds; Subject Term: Lungs; Subject Term: Inflammation; Subject Term: Aromatic amines; Author-Supplied Keyword: diesel exhaust; Author-Supplied Keyword: gasoline exhaust; Author-Supplied Keyword: hopane; Author-Supplied Keyword: mutagenicity; Author-Supplied Keyword: PAHs; Author-Supplied Keyword: particulate matter health effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: principal component analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: semivolatile organic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sterane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxicity Of Motor Vehicle Emissions.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - I 289/ehp.6976
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cockerill, Kristan
AU  - Tidwell, Vincent
AU  - Passell, Howard
T1  - Assessing Public Perceptions of Computer-Based Models.
JO  - Environmental Management
JF  - Environmental Management
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 609
EP  - 619
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0364152X
AB  - Although there is a solid body of research on both collaborative decision-making and on processes using models, there is little research on general public attitudes about models and their use in making policy decisions. This project assessed opinions about computer models in general and attitudes about a specific model being used in water planning in the Middle Rio Grande Region of New Mexico, United States. More than 1000 individuals were surveyed about their perceptions of computer-based models in general. Additionally, more than 150 attendees at public meetings related to the Middle Rio Grande planning effort were surveyed about their perceptions of the specific Rio Grande-based model. The results reveal that the majority of respondents are confident in their ability to understand models and most believe that models are appropriate tools for education and for making policy decisions. Responses also reveal that trust in who develops a model is a key issue related to public support. Regarding the specific model highlighted in this project, the public revealed tremendous support for its usefulness as a public engagement tool as well as a tool to assist decision-makers in regional water planning. Although indicating broad support for models, the results do raise questions about the role of trust in using models in contentious decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Management is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Perception
KW  - Rio Grande (N.M.)
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - Computer models
KW  - Public perception
KW  - System dynamics
KW  - Water planning
N1  - Accession Number: 17719842; Cockerill, Kristan 1; Email Address: kristan5@unm.edu; Tidwell, Vincent 2; Passell, Howard 2; Affiliations: 1: American Studies Department, University of New Mexico, Ortega Hall, Room 310MSC 03-2110 Albuquerque 87131-0001 USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, MS0735 Albuquerque 87185 USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p609; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Subject Term: Decision making; Subject Term: Perception; Subject: Rio Grande (N.M.); Subject: New Mexico; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Public perception; Author-Supplied Keyword: System dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water planning; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00267-003-0259-z
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stack, Andrew G.
AU  - Erni, Rolf
AU  - Browning, Nigel D.
AU  - Casey, William H.
T1  - Pyromorphite Growth on Lead-Sulfide Surfaces.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5529
EP  - 5534
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (EC- STM) and electron microscopies have been used to follow the nucleation and growth of ∼ 10-15 nm pyromorphite (Pb5(PO4)3Cl,OH) particles on a galena (PbS) substrate under oxidative conditions. The particle sizes and crystal morphologies are found to be strongly affected by solution and oxidation potential, and in the earliest stages the particles are generally sufficiently small to be mobilized in a soil. It is clear that the particles grow epitaxially under these conditions, based on observations of the particles' adherence to the surface during imaging, their preferred crystallographic orientation, their growth along surface features on the galena, and commensurate atomic structures. Through cyclic voltammetry, we show that the presence of phosphate also partially passivates the surface of the galena to oxidation. We propose two possibilities for the mechanism of passivation, one is that pyromorphite nucleation inhibits the retreat of steps, and the second is that adsorbed phosphate stabilizes a lead-terminated surface structure by coordinating lead and slowing its dissolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Lead sulfide crystals
KW  - Atmospheric nucleation
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Electrochemical analysis
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15121880; Stack, Andrew G. 1,2; Erni, Rolf 3; Browning, Nigel D. 3,4; Casey, William H. 1,2; Email Address: whcasey@ucdavis.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California 95616.; 2: Department of Geology, University of California, Davis, California 95616.; 3: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616.; 4: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Issue Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 21, p5529; Thesaurus Term: Lead sulfide crystals; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric nucleation; Subject Term: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: Electrochemical analysis; Subject Term: Nucleation; Subject Term: Electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Zheming
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Yantasee, Wassana
AU  - Gassman, Paul L.
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - Joly, Alan G.
T1  - Cryogenic Laser Induced Fluorescence Characterization of U(VI) in Hanford Vadose Zone Pore Waters.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5591
EP  - 5597
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Ambient and liquid helium temperature laser-induced time-resolved uranylfluorescence spectroscopy was applied to study the speciation of aqueous uranyl solutions containing carbonate and phosphate and two porewater samples obtained by ultracentrifugation of U(VI)-contaminated sediments. The significantly enhanced fluorescence signal intensity and spectral resolution found at liquid helium temperature allowed, for the first time, direct fluorescence spectroscopic observation of the higher aqueous uranyl complexes with carbonate: UO2(CO3)22-, UO2(CO3)34-. and (UO2)2(OH)3CO3-. The porewater samples were nonfluorescent at room temperature. However, at liquid helium temperature, both porewater samples displayed strong, well-resolved fluorescence spectra. Comparisons of the spectroscopic characteristics of the porewaters with those of the standard uranyl-carbonate complexes confirmed that U(VI) in the porewaters existed primarily as UO2(CO3)34- along with a small amount of other minor components, such as dicalcium-urano-tricarbonate complex, Ca2UO2(CO3)3, consistent with thermodynamic calculation. The U(VI)-carbonate complex is apparently the mobile species responsible for the subsurface migration of U(VI), even though the majority of the in-ground U(VI) inventory at the site from which the samples were obtained exists as intragrain U(VI)-silicate precipitates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - ULTRACENTRIFUGATION
KW  - CENTRIFUGATION
KW  - FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy
KW  - CARBONATES
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 15121888; Wang, Zheming 1; Email Address: Zheming.Wang@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Yantasee, Wassana 1 Gassman, Paul L. 1 Liu, Chongxuan 1 Joly, Alan G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 21, p5591; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: ULTRACENTRIFUGATION; Subject Term: CENTRIFUGATION; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy; Subject Term: CARBONATES; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Xiqing
AU  - Scheibe, Timothy D.
AU  - Johnson, William P.
T1  - Apparent Decreases in Colloid Deposition Rate Coefficients with Distance of Transport under Unfavorable Deposition Conditions: A General Phenomenon.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5616
EP  - 5625
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The transport of polystyrene microspheres was examined in packed glass beads under a variety of environmentally relevant ionic strength and flow conditions. The observed profiles of numbers of retained microspheres versus distance from the column entrance were much steeper than expected based on a constant rate coefficient of deposition across the length of the column, indicating apparent decreases in deposition rate coefficients with transport distance. Deviation in the profile from log-linear decreases with distance was greatest under highly unfavorable conditions (low ionic strength), relatively reduced under mildly unfavorable conditions (high ionic strength), and was eliminated under favorable conditions. The generality of apparent decreases in deposition rate coefficients with distance of transport among microspheres, bacteria, and viruses leads to the conclusion that such effects reflect processes that are fundamental to filtration under unfavorable conditions. Numerical simulations of experiments that were performed under unfavorable conditions utilized a log-normal distribution of deposition rate coefficients among the colloid population in order to simulate the effluent curves and retained profiles simultaneously. it is shown that while straining could be a significant contributor to the steep retained profiles at low ionic strength, where overall retention is low, distribution in interaction potentials among the population was a viable mechanism that can yield apparent decreases in deposition rate coefficients with distance of transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - MICROSPHERES
KW  - FORAMINIFERA
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - IONS
KW  - GLASS beads
KW  - GRANULAR materials
N1  - Accession Number: 15121892; Li, Xiqing 1 Scheibe, Timothy D. 2 Johnson, William P. 1; Email Address: wjohnson@mines.utah.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 21, p5616; Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: MICROSPHERES; Subject Term: FORAMINIFERA; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: GLASS beads; Subject Term: GRANULAR materials; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, Byong-Hun
AU  - Kelly, Shelly D.
AU  - Kemner, Kenneth M.
AU  - Barnett, Mark O.
AU  - Burgos, William D.
AU  - Dempsey, Brian A.
AU  - Roden, Eric E.
T1  - Microbial Reduction of U(VI) at the Solid -- Water Interface.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5649
EP  - 5655
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Microbial (Geobacter sulfurreducens) reduction of 0.1 mM U(VI) in the presence of synthetic Fe(III) oxides and natural Fe(III) oxide-containing solids was investigated in pH 6.8 artificial groundwater containing 10 mM NaHCO3. In most experiments, more than 95% of added U(VI) was sorbed to solids, so that U(VI) reduction was governed by reactions at the solid-water interlace. The rate and extent of reduction of U(VI) associated with surlaces of synthetic Fe(III) oxides (hydrous ferric oxide, goethite, and hematite) was comparable to that observed during reduction of aqueous U(VI). In contrast, microbial reduction of U(VI) sorbed to several different natural Fe(III) oxide- containing solids was slower and less extensive compared to synthetic Fe(III) oxide systems. Addition of the electron shuttling agent anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS; 0.1 mM) enhanced the rate and extent of both Fe(III) and U(VI) reduction. These findings suggest that AQDS facilitated electron transfer from G. sulfurreducens to U(VI) associated with surface sites at which direct enzymatic reduction was kinetically limited. Our results demonstrate that association of U(VI) with diverse surface sites in natural soils and sediments has the potential to limit the rate and extent of microbial U(VI) reduction and thereby modulate the effectiveness of in situ U(VI) bioremediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Oxides
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Microbiology
KW  - Iron oxides
KW  - Charge exchange
KW  - Solids
N1  - Accession Number: 15121896; Jeon, Byong-Hun 1; Kelly, Shelly D. 2; Kemner, Kenneth M. 2; Barnett, Mark O. 3; Burgos, William D. 4; Dempsey, Brian A. 4; Roden, Eric E. 1; Email Address: eroden@bsc.as.ua.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, A122 Bevill Building, 7th Avenue, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0206.; 2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 203, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; 3: Department of Civil Engineering, 208 Harbert Engineering Center, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5337.; 4: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 212 Sackett Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-2450.; Issue Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 21, p5649; Thesaurus Term: Oxides; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Thesaurus Term: Microbiology; Thesaurus Term: Iron oxides; Subject Term: Charge exchange; Subject Term: Solids; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mashal, Kholoud
AU  - Harsh, James B.
AU  - Flury, Markus
AU  - Felmy, Andrew R.
AU  - Zhao, Hongting
T1  - Colloid Formation in Hanford Sediments Reacted with Simulated Tank Waste.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5750
EP  - 5756
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Solutions of high pH, ionic strength, and aluminum concentration have leaked into the subsurface from underground waste storage tanks at the Hanford Reservation in Washington State. Here, we test the hypothesis that these waste solutions alter and dissolve the native minerals present in the sediments and that colloidal (diameter < 2 μm) feldspathoids form. We reacted Hanford sediments with simulated solutions representative of Hanford waste tanks. The solutions consisted of 1.4 or 2.8 mol/kg NaOH, 0.125 or 0.25 mol/kg NaAlO4, and 3.7 mol/kg NaNO3 and were contacted with the sediments for a period of 25 or 40 days at 50°C. The colloidal size fraction was separated from the sediments and characterized in terms of mineralogy, morphology, chemical composition, and electrophoretic mobility. Upon reaction with tank waste solutions, native minerals released Si and other elements into the solution phase. This Si precipitated with the Al present in the waste solutions to form secondary minerals, identified as the feldspathoids cancrinite and sodalite. The solution phase was modeled with the chemical equilibrium model GMIN for solution speciation and saturation indices with respect to sodalite and cancrinite. The amount of colloidal material in the sediments increased upon reaction with waste solutions. At the natural pH found in Hanford sediments (pH 8) the newly formed minerals are negatively charged, similar to the unreacted colloidal material present in the sediments. The formation of colloidal material in Hanford sediments upon reaction with tank waste solutions is an important aspect to consider in the characterization of Hanford tank leaks and may affect the fate of hazardous radionuclides present in the tank waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - Storage tanks
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Colloids
KW  - Feldspathoid
KW  - Silicate minerals
KW  - Cancrinite
N1  - Accession Number: 15121908; Mashal, Kholoud 1; Harsh, James B. 1; Flury, Markus 1; Email Address: flury@mail.wsu.edu; Felmy, Andrew R. 2; Zhao, Hongting 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Center for Multiphase Environmental Research, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6420.; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 21, p5750; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Thesaurus Term: Storage tanks; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Aluminum; Subject Term: Colloids; Subject Term: Feldspathoid; Subject Term: Silicate minerals; Subject Term: Cancrinite; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamolpornwijit, Wiwat
AU  - Liang, Liyuan
AU  - Moline, Gerilynn R.
AU  - Hart, Todd
AU  - West, Olivia R.
T1  - Identification and Quantification of Mineral Precipitation in Fe° Filings from a Column Study.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5757
EP  - 5765
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Soot can provide additional surface area where hetero-geneous reactions can take place in the atmosphere. These reactions are dependent on the number of reactive sites on the soot surface rather than the soot surface area per se. A box model, MOCCA, is used to investigate the effects of introducing heterogeneous reactions on soot into an air parcel passing over an urban area and traveling downwind. The model was run at two soot mass concentrations of 2 μg/m3 and 20 μg/m3 with a surface density of n-hexane and decane. Significant change in gas- phase concentration was only observed for the higher soot concentration. Due to the noncatalytic nature of the heterogeneous reactions, soot sites are rapidly consumed, and soot site concentrations are greatly reduced shortly after emissions are turned off. Notable changes in gaseous concentrations due to the introduction of heterogeneous reactions are not observed in the urban setting. The impact of heterogeneous reactions is more evident after emissions are turned off (i.e. downwind from the urban center). These changes are minimal for the condition that used n-hexane surface density. For conditions that used decane soot, NOx concentrations showed a slight increase, with NO being higher in the daytime and NO2 at night. The maximum 03 reduction observed when using the higher soot concentration is 7 ppb, downwind of the urban center. Change in 03 concentration was less than 1 ppb when using the tower soot loading. The observed effects of hetero-geneous reactions on soot decrease with time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Soot
KW  - Dust
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Atmospheric chemistry
KW  - Emissions (Air pollution)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Chemical reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15121909; Kamolpornwijit, Wiwat 1; Liang, Liyuan 1,2; Email Address: Liang@cardiff.ac.uk; Moline, Gerilynn R. 1; Hart, Todd 3; West, Olivia R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036.; 2: Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Queen's Buildings, P.O. Box 925, Cardiff CF24 0YF, Wales U.K.; 3: Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Issue Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 21, p5757; Thesaurus Term: Soot; Thesaurus Term: Dust; Thesaurus Term: Nitrous oxide; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Emissions (Air pollution); Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Subject Term: Chemical reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ermler, Sibylle
AU  - Krunic, Damir
AU  - Knoch, Tobias A.
AU  - Moshir, Sharareh
AU  - Mai, Sabine
AU  - Greulich-Bode, Karin M.
AU  - Boukamp, Petra
T1  - Cell cycle-dependent 3D distribution of telomeres and telomere repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2) in HaCaT and HaCaT-myc cells
JO  - European Journal of Cell Biology
JF  - European Journal of Cell Biology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 83
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 681
EP  - 690
SN  - 01719335
AB  - Summary: Telomeres are specialized structures at the ends of the chromosomes that, with the help of proteins – such as the telomere repeat-binding factor TRF2 –, form protective caps which are essential for chromosomal integrity. Investigating the structure and three-dimensional (3D) distribution of the telomeres and TRF2 in the nucleus, we now show that the telomeres of the immortal HaCaT keratinocytes are distributed in distinct non-overlapping territories within the inner third of the nuclear space in interphase cells, while they extend more widely during mitosis. TRF2 is present at the telomeres at all cell cycle phases. During mitosis additional TRF2 protein concentrates all around the chromosomes. This change in staining pattern correlates with a significant increase in TRF2 protein at the S/G2 transition as seen in Western blots of synchronized cells and is paralleled by a cell cycle-dependent regulation of TRF2 mRNA, arguing for a specific role of TRF2 during mitosis. The distinct territorial localization of telomeres is abrogated in a HaCaT variant that constitutively expresses c-Myc – a protein known to contribute to genomic instability. These cells are characterized by overlapping telomere territories, telomeric aggregates (TAs), that are accompanied by an overall irregular telomere distribution and a reduced level in TRF2 protein. These TAs which are readily detectable in interphase nuclei, are similarly present in mitotic cells, including cells in telophase. Thus, we propose that TAs, which subsequently also cluster their respective chromosomes, contribute to genomic instability by forcing an abnormal chromosome segregation during mitosis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of European Journal of Cell Biology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - KARYOKINESIS
KW  - FISH-protein double labeling
KW  - Telomere aggregates
KW  - Telomere repeat binding factor 2
KW  - Three-dimensional nuclear organization
N1  - Accession Number: 18308116; Ermler, Sibylle 1 Krunic, Damir 1 Knoch, Tobias A. 2 Moshir, Sharareh 1 Mai, Sabine 3 Greulich-Bode, Karin M. 1 Boukamp, Petra 1; Email Address: P.Boukamp@DKFZ-Heidelberg.de; Affiliation:  1: Division of Genetics of Skin Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany  2: Division of Biomedical Structure Analysis, German Cancer Research Center and Molecular Biophysics, Kirchhoff Institute of Physics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany  3: Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 83 Issue 11/12, p681; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: KARYOKINESIS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FISH-protein double labeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomere aggregates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Telomere repeat binding factor 2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-dimensional nuclear organization; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1078/0171-9335-00430
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urban, W.
AU  - Zlomaniec, A.
AU  - Simpson, G.
AU  - Pinston, J.
AU  - Kurpeta, J.
AU  - Rzaca-Urban, T.
AU  - Durell, J.
AU  - Smith, A.
AU  - Varley, B.
AU  - Schulz, N.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
T1  - New spins for ground states and isomers in115Pd and117Pd.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 157
EP  - 161
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - Levels in115Pd and117Pd nuclei, populated in the spontaneous fission of248Cm were studied by means of prompt gamma spectroscopy using the EUROGAM2 array of Anti-Compton spectrometers. Negative-parity,I= 9/2 excitations were identified, which are associated with the long-lived isomers in these nuclei, reported previously as 11/2- excitations. The new data indicate spin and parity 3/2+ for ground states in115Pd and117Pd instead of 5/2+ proposed in previous works. This result implicates changes of spin assignments to other levels in both nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - CURIUM
KW  - TRANSPLUTONIUM elements
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
N1  - Accession Number: 15061377; Urban, W. 1; Email Address: urban@fuw.edu.pl Zlomaniec, A. 1 Simpson, G. 2 Pinston, J. 3 Kurpeta, J. 1 Rzaca-Urban, T. 1 Durell, J. 4 Smith, A. 4 Varley, B. 4 Schulz, N. 5 Ahmad, I. 6; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University  2: Institut Laue-Langevin  3: Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, IN2P3-CNRS/Université J. Fourier  4: Schuster Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester  5: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques UMR7500, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Louis Pasteur  6: Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p157; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: CURIUM; Subject Term: TRANSPLUTONIUM elements; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2004-10090-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urban, W.
AU  - Rzaca-Urban, T.
AU  - Droste, Ch.
AU  - Rohozinski, S.
AU  - Durell, J.
AU  - Phillips, W.
AU  - Smith, A.
AU  - Varley, B.
AU  - Schulz, N.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Pinston, J.
T1  - New bands and spin-parity assignments in111Ru.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 239
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - The111Ru nucleus, populated in the spontaneous fission of248Cm has been studied by means of prompt gamma spectroscopy using the EUROGAM2 array. Spin and parity assignments, based on angular correlations, linear polarization, and conversion coefficient measurements differ from those available in the literature. New bands are reported, which incorporate ? transitions seen previously but not placed in the scheme of111Ru or placed incorrectly. The bands are interpreted as neutron excitations into subshells originating predominantly from theh11/2,g7/2 ands1/2 spherical orbitals. Thes1/2 band, strongly mixed with thed3/2,d5/2 andg7/2 configurations, is observed for the first time in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - CURIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometer
N1  - Accession Number: 15061384; Urban, W. 1; Email Address: urban@fuw.edu.pl Rzaca-Urban, T. 1 Droste, Ch. 1 Rohozinski, S. 1 Durell, J. 2 Phillips, W. 2 Smith, A. 2 Varley, B. 2 Schulz, N. 3 Ahmad, I. 4 Pinston, J. 5; Affiliation:  1: Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University  2: Schuster Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester  3: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques UMR7500, CNRS-IN2P3 et Université Louis Pasteur  4: Argonne National Laboratory  5: Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, IN2P3-CNRS/Université Joseph Fourier; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p231; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: CURIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometer; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2003-10234-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urban, W.
AU  - Pinston, J.
AU  - Genevey, J.
AU  - Rzaca-Urban, T.
AU  - Zlomaniec, A.
AU  - Simpson, G.
AU  - Durell, J.
AU  - Phillips, W.
AU  - Smith, A.
AU  - Varley, B.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Schulz, N.
T1  - The ?9/2[404] orbital and the deformation in the A ~ 100 region.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 241
EP  - 252
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - AT1/2 = 16(2)ns isomeric level, populated in the spontaneous fission of248Cm, has been found in101Zr at 941.8keV in a measurement of prompt ?-rays using the EUROGAM2 array. The level is interpreted as aK-isomer corresponding to the 9/2[404] neutron-hole excitation. The quadrupole moment,Q0 = 3.6(4)eb, deduced for the new band indicates a large deformation of ß2 = 0.38(4), which is produced by a specific shape-coexistence mechanism. This is another observation of the ?9/2[404] orbital in the massA~ 100 region, confirming the presence of the effect reported first in our previous work. The 9/2[404] neutron-hole excitation is also confirmed in the97Sr nucleus and the deformation ß2 = 0.44(2) is determined for this configuration. The properties of the 9/2[404] neutron orbital and its influence on the onset of deformation in theA~ 100 region are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - NUCLEAR fission
KW  - CURIUM
KW  - QUADRUPOLE moments
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15061385; Urban, W.; Email Address: urban@fuw.edu.pl Pinston, J. 1 Genevey, J. 1 Rzaca-Urban, T. 2 Zlomaniec, A. 2 Simpson, G. 3 Durell, J. 4 Phillips, W. 4 Smith, A. 4 Varley, B. 4 Ahmad, I. 5 Schulz, N. 6; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie[:EORGNAME:], [:ORGNAME:]IN2P3-CNRS/Université Joseph Fourier  2: Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University  3: Institut Laue-Langevin  4: Schuster Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester  5: Argonne National Laboratory  6: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques UMR7500, CNRS-IN2P3 et Université Louis Pasteur; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p241; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: NUCLEAR fission; Subject Term: CURIUM; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLE moments; Subject Term: MASS (Physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2004-10037-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nishimura, H.
AU  - Lambertson, G.
AU  - Kalnins, J. G.
AU  - Gould, H.
T1  - Feasibility of a storage ring for polar molecules in strong-field-seeking states.
JO  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
JF  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
EP  - 364
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346060
AB  - We show, through modeling and simulation, that it is feasible to construct a storage ring that will store dense bunches of strong-field-seeking polar molecules at 30 m/s (kinetic energy of 2 K) and hold them, for several minutes, against losses due to defocusing, oscillations, and diffusion. The ring, 3 m in diameter, has straight sections that afford access to the stored molecules and a lattice structure that may be adapted for evaporative cooling. Simulation is done using a newly-developed code that tracks the particles, in time, through 400 turns; it accounts for longitudinal velocity changes as a function of external electric field, focusing and deflection nonlinearities, and the effects of gravity. An injector, decelerator, and source are included and intensities are calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - 29.20.Dh Storage rings
KW  - 33.55.Be Zeeman and Stark effects
KW  - 33.80.Ps Optical cooling of molecules
KW  - 39.90.+d Other instrumentation and techniques for atomic and molecular physics
KW  - 41.75.Lx Other advanced accelerator concepts
KW  - trapping
N1  - Accession Number: 15205933; Nishimura, H. 1; Email Address: H_Nishimura@lbl.gov Lambertson, G. 2 Kalnins, J. G. 2 Gould, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Mail Stop 80-101, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  2: Mail Stop 71-259, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p359; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics -- Instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.20.Dh Storage rings; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.55.Be Zeeman and Stark effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.80.Ps Optical cooling of molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: 39.90.+d Other instrumentation and techniques for atomic and molecular physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 41.75.Lx Other advanced accelerator concepts; Author-Supplied Keyword: trapping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjd/e2004-00153-8
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Elioff, M.
AU  - Valentini, J.
AU  - Chandler, D.
T1  - Formation ofmolecules with sub-kelvin translational energy via molecular beam collisions with argon using the technique of molecular cooling by inelastic collisional energy-transfer.
JO  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
JF  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 385
EP  - 393
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346060
AB  - We report the cooling of nitric oxide molecules in a single collision between an argon atom and an NO molecule at collision energies ofkJ/mol andkJ/mol in a crossed molecular beam apparatus. We have produced in significant numbers (~108 molecules cm-3 per quantum state) translationally cold NO(,v’ = 0,j’ = 7.5) molecules in a specific quantum state with an upper-limit laboratory-frame rms velocity ofm/s, corresponding to a temperature ofmK. The translational cooling results from the kinematic collapse of the velocity distribution of the NO molecules after collision. Increasing the collision energy by increasing the velocity of the argon atoms, as we do here, does shift the scattering angle at which the cold molecules appear, but does not result in an experimentally measurable change in the velocity spread of the cold NO. This is entirely consistent with our analysis of the kinematics of the scattering which predicts that the velocity spread will actually decrease with increasing argon atom velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ARGON
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - 32.80.Pj Optical cooling of atoms
KW  - 33.80.Ps Optical cooling of molecules
KW  - 34.50.-s Scattering of atoms and molecules
KW  - trapping
N1  - Accession Number: 15205938; Elioff, M. 1; Email Address: elioff@sbcglobal.net Valentini, J. 2 Chandler, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p385; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: 32.80.Pj Optical cooling of atoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.80.Ps Optical cooling of molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: 34.50.-s Scattering of atoms and molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: trapping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjd/e2004-00158-3
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15205938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosa, M. D.
T1  - Laser-cooling molecules.
JO  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
JF  - European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 395
EP  - 402
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346060
AB  - Certain molecules, it seems, may be laser cooled by methods technically similar to those applied with abundant success in atomic physics. We discuss the spectroscopic criteria molecules should meet to make methods of Doppler cooling technically feasible and identify diatomic candidates. Some candidates, such as the alkaline-earth monohydrides (e.g. BeH and CaH), are paramagnetic and amenable to magneto-optical trapping. Our experimental study concentrates on CaH, and we present our recent high-resolution, molecular-beam-based measurements of low-Jrotational lines within theA-X(0,0) band of CaH. From these measurements we report hyperfine separations in theA-state, as important to laser-cooling spectroscopy, and centroidal transition frequencies for comparison with existing values. We conclude with an outline of a possible magneto-optical trap for CaH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal D -- Atoms, Molecules, Clusters & Optical Physics is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - LASER cooling
KW  - COOLING
KW  - HEAT -- Radiation & absorption
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - 33.15.Pw Fine and hyperfine structure
KW  - 33.70.Fd Absolute and relative line and band intensities
KW  - 33.80.Ps Optical cooling of molecules
KW  - trapping
N1  - Accession Number: 15205947; Rosa, M. D. 1; Email Address: mdd@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop J567, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p395; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: LASER cooling; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: HEAT -- Radiation & absorption; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.15.Pw Fine and hyperfine structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.70.Fd Absolute and relative line and band intensities; Author-Supplied Keyword: 33.80.Ps Optical cooling of molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: trapping; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjd/e2004-00167-2
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Friedmann, S. Julio
AU  - Homer-Dixon, Thomas
T1  - Out of the Energy Box.
JO  - Foreign Affairs
JF  - Foreign Affairs
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 83
IS  - 6
M3  - Essay
SP  - 72
EP  - 83
PB  - Foreign Affairs
SN  - 00157120
AB  - The article discusses the global energy crises and critiques various alternatives to the use of fossil fuels. Most scientists believe that recent global warming is largely the result of human energy consumption, which releases carbon dioxide, a powerful greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. Massive, almost inconceivable amounts of energy are used to do everything these days, from building airplanes to running sewer systems and hospital equipment. Energy is the essence of modern civilization, and as societies and economies grow, so does their energy consumption. In the United States and most other developed countries, 85 percent of this energy comes from fossil fuels (mainly coal, oil, and natural gas). In developing countries, wood, charcoal, straw, and cow dung still meet a large portion of heating and cooking needs, but the shift to fossil fuels is happening fast. Global energy consumption is growing at roughly two percent per year and is projected to double by 2035 and triple by 2055. The good news is that fossil fuels are still relatively abundant and cheap. The bad news is that burning fossil fuel emits carbon dioxide. And global energy consumption is so great and rising so fast that humans are demonstrably changing the climate. Reducing the consumption of energy and increasing its efficient use would help control emissions. But such measures will not likely be sufficient to solve the problem. Nor will replacing fossil fuels with alternative sources of energy, which remain prohibitively expensive or too impractical to be used on a large scale. Sources of renewable energy, such as solar power, are inherently ill suited to modern energy needs. Hydrogen is no panacea either. It is much touted for yielding only heat and water--no carbon dioxide, acid rain, ozone, or soot--when it is consumed. But because it is not a primary source of energy, it has large-scale supply problems.
KW  - ENERGY consumption
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - ENERGY shortages
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - ELECTRIC power
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
N1  - Accession Number: 14815891; Friedmann, S. Julio 1 Homer-Dixon, Thomas 2; Affiliation:  1: Head, Carbon Storage Initiatvie, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.  2: Director, Pierre Elliot Trudeau Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Toronto; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 83 Issue 6, p72; Subject Term: ENERGY consumption; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: ENERGY shortages; Subject Term: ENERGY conservation; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Essay; Full Text Word Count: 4125
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ying, A.Y.
AU  - Abdou, M.A.
AU  - Morley, N.
AU  - Sketchley, T.
AU  - Woolley, R.
AU  - Burris, J.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Fogarty, P.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Lao, X.
AU  - Narula, M.
AU  - Smolentsev, S.
AU  - Ulrickson, M.
T1  - Exploratory studies of flowing liquid metal divertor options for fusion-relevant magnetic fields in the MTOR facility
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 62
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: This paper reports on experimental findings on liquid metal (LM) free surface flows crossing complex magnetic fields. The experiments involve jet and film flows using GaInSn and are conducted at the UCLA MTOR facility. The goal of this study is to understand the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) features associated with such a free surface flow in a fusion-relevant magnetic field environment, and determine what LM free surface flow option is most suitable for lithium divertor particle pumping and surface heat removal applications in a near-term experimental plasma device, such as NSTX. Experimental findings indicate that a steady transverse magnetic field, even with gradients typical of NSTX outer divertor conditions, stabilizes a LM jet flow—reducing turbulent disturbances and delaying jet breakup. Important insights into the MHD behavior of liquid metal films under NSTX-like environments are also presented. It is possible to establish an uphill liquid metal film flow on a conducting substrate, although the MHD drag experienced by the flow could be strong and cause the flow to pile-up under simulated NSTX magnetic field conditions. The magnetic field changes the turbulent film flow so that wave structures range from 2D column-type surface disturbances at regions of high magnetic field, to ordinary hydrodynamic turbulence wave structures at regions of low field strength at the outboard. Plans for future work are also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - JETS (Fluid dynamics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - Divertor
KW  - Free surface
KW  - Fusion
KW  - Liquid metal
KW  - Magnetohydrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 19277951; Ying, A.Y. 1; Email Address: ying@fusion.ucla.edu Abdou, M.A. 1 Morley, N. 1 Sketchley, T. 1 Woolley, R. 2 Burris, J. 1 Kaita, R. 2 Fogarty, P. 3 Huang, H. 4 Lao, X. 1 Narula, M. 1 Smolentsev, S. 1 Ulrickson, M. 5; Affiliation:  1: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, UCLA, 420 Westwood Pza, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1597, USA  2: Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  4: Energy and Power Department, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, PR China  5: Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p35; Subject Term: JETS (Fluid dynamics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divertor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Free surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid metal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetohydrodynamics; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanaka, T.J.
AU  - Bauer, F.J.
AU  - Lutz, T.J.
AU  - McDonald, J.M.
AU  - Nygren, R.E.
AU  - Troncosa, K.P.
AU  - Ulrickson, M.A.
AU  - Youchison, D.L.
T1  - Liquid metal integrated test system (LIMITS)
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 92
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: This paper describes the liquid metal integrated test system (LIMITS) at Sandia National Laboratories1[1] Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy''s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE–AC04-94AL85000.. This system was designed to study the flow of molten metals and salts in a vacuum as a preliminary study for flowing liquid surfaces inside of magnetic fusion reactors. The system consists of a heated furnace with attached centrifugal pump, a vacuum chamber, and a transfer chamber for storage and addition of fresh material. Diagnostics include an electromagnetic flow meter, a high temperature pressure transducer, and an electronic level meter. Many ports in the vacuum chamber allow testing the thermal behavior of the flowing liquids heated with an electron beam or study of the effect of a magnetic field on motion of the liquid. Some preliminary tests have been performed to determine the effect of a static magnetic field on stream flow from a nozzle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - AUTOMOBILE ignition
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - HYDRAULIC machinery
KW  - Liquid metal flow loop
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD)
N1  - Accession Number: 19277953; Tanaka, T.J.; Email Address: tjtanak@sandia.gov Bauer, F.J. 1 Lutz, T.J. 1 McDonald, J.M. 1 Nygren, R.E. 1 Troncosa, K.P. 1 Ulrickson, M.A. 1 Youchison, D.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1129, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p83; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: AUTOMOBILE ignition; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: HYDRAULIC machinery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid metal flow loop; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.012
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allain, J.P.
AU  - Nieto, M.
AU  - Coventry, M.D.
AU  - Stubbers, R.
AU  - Ruzic, D.N.
T1  - Studies of liquid-metal erosion and free surface flowing liquid lithium retention of helium at the University of Illinois
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 93
EP  - 110
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: The erosion of liquid-metals from low-energy particle bombardment at 45° incidence has been measured for a combination of species and target materials in the ion-surface interaction experiment (IIAX) at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Measurements include bombardment of liquid Li, Sn–Li and Sn by H+, D+, He+, and Li+ particles at energies from 100 to 1000eV and temperatures from 20 to 420°C. Lithium sputtering near and just above the melting point shows little change compared to room temperature, solid-Li yields. When lithium is sputtered, about 2/3 of the sputtered flux is in the charged state. Temperature-dependent sputtering results show enhanced (up to an order-of-magnitude increase) sputter yields as the temperature of the sample is increased about a factor of two of the melting point for all liquid-metals studied (e.g., Li, Sn–Li, and Sn). The enhancement is explained by two mechanisms: near-surface binding of eroded atoms and the nature of the near-surface recoil energy and angular distribution as a function of temperature. The Flowing Liquid Retention Experiment (FLIRE) measured particle transport by flowing liquid films when exposed to energetic particles. Measurements of retention coefficient were performed for helium ions implanted by an ion beam into flowing liquid lithium at 230°C in the FLIRE facility. A linear dependence of the retention coefficient with implanted particle energy is found, given by the expression R = (5.3 ± 0.2) × 10-3keV-1. The ion flux level did not have an effect for the flux level used in this work (∼1013cm-2s-1) and square root dependence with velocity is also observed, which is in agreement with existing particle transport models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLURGY
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - MELTING points
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
KW  - Evaporation
KW  - FLIRE
KW  - Plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 19277954; Allain, J.P. 1; Email Address: allain@anl.gov Nieto, M. 2 Coventry, M.D. 2 Stubbers, R. 2 Ruzic, D.N. 2; Email Address: druzic@uiuc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p93; Subject Term: METALLURGY; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: MELTING points; Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Evaporation; Author-Supplied Keyword: FLIRE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bastasz, R.
AU  - Whaley, J.A.
T1  - Surface composition of liquid metals and alloys
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 111
EP  - 119
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: In order to characterize the surfaces of liquids proposed for use as plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors, the techniques of low-energy ion scattering and direct recoil spectroscopy have been used to examine the surface compositions of liquid Li, Ga, Sn, and a Sn–Li alloy in vacuum as a function of temperature. Oxygen is found to segregate to the surface of several metallic liquids. In the case of a Sn–Li alloy, Li also segregates to the liquid surface. Molecular hydrogen and its isotopes readily adsorb on Li surfaces, but not on those of Ga or Sn. Hydrogenic atoms at thermal energies can adsorb on both Li and Ga, but no evidence has been found for hydrogen isotopes residing at the surface of liquid Sn from the melting temperature to 800 ∘C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Deuterium
KW  - Direct recoil spectroscopy
KW  - Gallium
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Liquid metals
KW  - Lithium
KW  - Low-energy ion scattering
KW  - Magnetic fusion reactors
KW  - Plasma–surface interactions
KW  - Surface segregation
KW  - Tin
N1  - Accession Number: 19277955; Bastasz, R.; Email Address: bastasz@sandia.gov Whaley, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551–0969, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p111; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct recoil spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low-energy ion scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic fusion reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma–surface interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface segregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tin; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majeski, R.
AU  - Kaita, R.
AU  - Boaz, M.
AU  - Efthimion, P.
AU  - Gray, T.
AU  - Jones, B.
AU  - Hoffman, D.
AU  - Kugel, H.
AU  - Menard, J.
AU  - Munsat, T.
AU  - Post-Zwicker, A.
AU  - Spaleta, J.
AU  - Taylor, G.
AU  - Timberlake, J.
AU  - Woolley, R.
AU  - Zakharov, L.
AU  - Finkenthal, M.
AU  - Stutman, D.
AU  - Antar, G.
AU  - Doerner, R.
T1  - Testing of liquid lithium limiters in CDX-U
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 121
EP  - 132
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: Part of the development of liquid metals as a first wall or divertor for reactor applications must involve the investigation of plasma–liquid metal interactions in a functioning tokamak. Most of the interest in liquid metal walls has focused on lithium. Experiments with lithium limiters have now been conducted in the Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade (CDX-U) device at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Initial experiments used a liquid lithium rail limiter (L3) built by the University of California at San Diego. Spectroscopic measurements showed some reduction of impurities in CDX-U plasmas with the L3, compared to discharges with a boron carbide limiter. While no reduction in recycling was observed with the L3, which had a plasma-wet area of approximately 40cm2, subsequent experiments with a larger area fully toroidal lithium limiter demonstrated significant reductions in both recycling and in impurity levels. Two series of experiments with the toroidal limiter have now been performed. In each series, the area of exposed, clean lithium was increased, until in the latest experiments, the liquid lithium plasma-facing area was increased to 2000cm2. Under these conditions, the reduction in recycling required a factor of eight increase in gas fueling in order to maintain the plasma density. The loop voltage required to sustain the plasma current was reduced from 2V to 0.5V. This paper summarizes the technical preparations for lithium experiments and the conditioning required to prepare the lithium surface for plasma operations. The mechanical response of the liquid metal to induced currents, especially through contact with the plasma, is discussed. The effect of the lithium-filled toroidal limiter on plasma performance is also briefly described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RECYCLING (Waste, etc.)
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - CDX-U
KW  - Liquid lithium limiters
KW  - Plasma–edge interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 19277956; Majeski, R. 1; Email Address: rmajeski@pppl.gov Kaita, R. 1 Boaz, M. 1 Efthimion, P. 1 Gray, T. 1 Jones, B. 1 Hoffman, D. 1 Kugel, H. 1 Menard, J. 1 Munsat, T. 1 Post-Zwicker, A. 1 Spaleta, J. 1 Taylor, G. 1 Timberlake, J. 1 Woolley, R. 1 Zakharov, L. 1 Finkenthal, M. 2 Stutman, D. 2 Antar, G. 3 Doerner, R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory-MS17, P.O. Box 451, Rt #1 North at Sayne Drive, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA  3: University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p121; Subject Term: RECYCLING (Waste, etc.); Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Author-Supplied Keyword: CDX-U; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid lithium limiters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma–edge interactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562920 Materials Recovery Facilities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562119 Other Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whyte, D.G.
AU  - Evans, T.E.
AU  - Wong, C.P.C.
AU  - West, W.P.
AU  - Bastasz, R.
AU  - Allain, J.P.
AU  - Brooks, J.N.
T1  - Experimental observations of lithium as a plasma-facing surface in the DIII-D tokamak divertor
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 147
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: Several experiments exposing a 5cm2 solid and liquid lithium to the divertor plasma of the DIII-D are described. The divertor plasma strikepoint cleans and conditions the initially solid lithium surface. The effective sputtering rate and transport of lithium was found to be acceptable. Lithium has a sputtering yield of solid lithium <10% for Te ∼20eV. The sputtered lithium is ionized in a short distance from the divertor and promptly redeposited. Experiments and modeling show the sputtered lithium is well shielded by the divertor plasma. The behavior of the liquefied lithium was dominated by its macroscopic movement and injection into the plasma caused by J × B magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) forces. Plasma MHD events, such as edge localized modes (ELMs) and locked modes, are found to provide simultaneously the energy to melt the lithium and the transiently high scrape-off layer (SOL) currents to cause the J × B motion. The macroscopic removal of lithium from the small sample, comprising <1/1000th of the wetted divertor area, leads to measurable contamination of the core plasma by lithium. The quantity of injected lithium was sufficient to degrade confinement and/or cause disruptions. These observations indicate that surface stability and MHD motion are the most critical issues with regard to liquid-metal divertor surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - Disruption
KW  - Divertor
KW  - Fusion
KW  - Liquid
KW  - Lithium
KW  - MHD
KW  - Plasma-facing component
N1  - Accession Number: 19277957; Whyte, D.G. 1; Email Address: whyte@engr.wisc.edu Evans, T.E. 2 Wong, C.P.C. 2 West, W.P. 2 Bastasz, R. 3 Allain, J.P. 4 Brooks, J.N. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Wisconsin, 1500 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA  2: General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p133; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disruption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divertor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma-facing component; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19277957&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zakharov, L.E.
AU  - Gorelenkov, N.N.
AU  - White, R.B.
AU  - Krasheninnikov, S.I.
AU  - Pereverzev, G.V.
T1  - Ignited spherical tokamaks and plasma regimes with LiWalls
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 149
EP  - 168
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: Basic requirements of the fusion power reactor and its development are outlined. The notion of operational power reactor regime (OPRR) is introduced explicitly for the first time in order to distinguish it from the relatively short ignition phase of the reactor operation. Development of OPRR is intrinsically linked to two basic technology objectives, i.e., development of the first wall (FW) and the tritium cycle (TC). The paper reveals an existing fundamental gap in the reactor development path associated with the lack of necessary amounts of tritium for the reactor design development. In this regard, low recycling regimes with a plasma limited by a lithium wall surface suggest enhanced stability and energy confinement, both necessary for tokamak power reactors. These regimes also could make ignition and OPRR feasible in compact tokamaks. Ignited spherical tokamaks (IST), self-sufficient in the bootstrap current, are introduced as a necessary interim step for development OPRR-FW-TC for the power reactors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - NUCLEAR reactors
KW  - TOKAMAKS
KW  - 28.52.Av
KW  - 52.55.Fa
KW  - DD fusion
KW  - First wall
KW  - Fusion reactor
KW  - Ignition
KW  - Tokamaks
KW  - Tritium
N1  - Accession Number: 19277958; Zakharov, L.E. 1; Email Address: lzakharov@pppl.gov Gorelenkov, N.N. 1 White, R.B. 1 Krasheninnikov, S.I. 2 Pereverzev, G.V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, MS-27, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543-0451, USA  2: University of California, San Diego, Energy Research Center, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  3: Max-Plank-Institute für Plasmaphysik, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p149; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactors; Subject Term: TOKAMAKS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 28.52.Av; Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.55.Fa; Author-Supplied Keyword: DD fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: First wall; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ignition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamaks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tritium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kotschenreuther, M.
AU  - Rognlien, T.
AU  - Valanju, P.
T1  - Implications of convective scrape-off layer transport for fusion reactors with solid and liquid walls
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 169
EP  - 180
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: Recent experimental observations in tokamaks indicate enhanced convection of plasma blobs toward the main chamber wall. Potential implications of these observations for reactors are examined here. Two-dimensional plasma edge calculations are performed with UEDGE, including convective transport consistent with present experiments. This is coupled to a kinetic neutral calculation using the code NUT, to compute the hot neutral flux to the wall. The inclusion of convection increases sputtering of the wall by roughly an order of magnitude. For tungsten walls, erosion (neglecting re-deposition) is estimated to be ∼.6mmyear-1. The enhanced source of impurities for high Z walls requires an enhanced plasma screening factor to allow ignition. Low Z liquid materials enable acceptable plasma contamination with much lower screening factors. Rough estimates of dust generation from erosion rates with convection imply significant safety issues. Plasma transport via blobs can also strongly modify models of impurity screening and redeposition, and represents a potential feasibility issue in need of further research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - CHROMIUM group
KW  - TUNGSTEN
KW  - Fusion reactors
KW  - Impurities
KW  - Plasma screening factor
N1  - Accession Number: 19277959; Kotschenreuther, M. 1; Email Address: mtk@mail.utexas.edu Rognlien, T. 2 Valanju, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas, RLM 11-218, MS C1500, Austin, TX 78712, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p169; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: CHROMIUM group; Subject Term: TUNGSTEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion reactors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impurities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma screening factor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19277959&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nygren, R.E.
AU  - Rognlien, T.D.
AU  - Rensink, M.E.
AU  - Smolentsev, S.S.
AU  - Youssef, M.Z.
AU  - Sawan, M.E.
AU  - Merrill, B.J.
AU  - Eberle, C.
AU  - Fogarty, P.J.
AU  - Nelson, B.E.
AU  - Sze, D.K.
AU  - Majeski, R.
T1  - A fusion reactor design with a liquid first wall and divertor
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 221
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: Within the magnetic fusion energy program in the US, a program called APEX is investigating the use of free flowing liquid surfaces to form the inner surface of the chamber around the plasma. As part of this work, the APEX Team has investigated several possible design implementations and developed a specific engineering concept for a fusion reactor with liquid walls. Our approach has been to utilize an already established design for a future fusion reactor, the ARIES-RS, for the basic chamber geometry and magnetic configuration, and to replace the chamber technology in this design with liquid wall technology for a first wall and divertor and a blanket with adequate tritium breeding. This paper gives an overview of one design with a molten salt (a mixture of lithium, beryllium and sodium fluorides) forming the liquid surfaces and a ferritic steel for the structural material of the blanket. The design point is a reactor with 3840MW of fusion power of which 767MW is in the form of energetic particles (alpha power) and 3073MW is in the form of neutrons. The alpha plus auxiliary power total 909MW of which 430MW is radiated from the core mostly onto the first wall and the balance flows into the edge plasma and is distributed between the first wall and the divertor. In pursuing the application of liquid surfaces in APEX, the team has developed analytical tools that are significant achievements themselves and also pursued experiments on flowing liquids. This work is covered elsewhere, but the paper will also note several such areas to indicate the supporting science behind the design presented. Significant new work in modeling the plasma edge to understand the interaction of the plasma with the liquid walls is one example. Another is the incorporation of magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) effects in fluid modeling and heat transfer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONTROLLED fusion
KW  - FUSION reactors
KW  - ENERGY industries
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - Alpha power
KW  - APEX
KW  - Magneto-hydrodynamic effects
N1  - Accession Number: 19277960; Nygren, R.E. 1; Email Address: renygre@sandia.gov Rognlien, T.D. 2 Rensink, M.E. 2 Smolentsev, S.S. 3 Youssef, M.Z. 3 Sawan, M.E. 4 Merrill, B.J. 5 Eberle, C. 6 Fogarty, P.J. 6 Nelson, B.E. 6 Sze, D.K. 7 Majeski, R. 8; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1129, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1129, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA  3: University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA  4: University of Wisconsin, USA  5: Idaho National Energy and Environmental Laboratory, USA  6: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA  7: University of California, San Diego, CA, USA  8: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p181; Subject Term: CONTROLLED fusion; Subject Term: FUSION reactors; Subject Term: ENERGY industries; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alpha power; Author-Supplied Keyword: APEX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magneto-hydrodynamic effects; Number of Pages: 41p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19277960&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nygren, R.E.
AU  - Cowgill, D.F.
AU  - Ulrickson, M.A.
AU  - Nelson, B.E.
AU  - Fogarty, P.J.
AU  - Rognlien, T.D.
AU  - Rensink, M.E.
AU  - Hassanein, A.
AU  - Smolentsev, S.S.
AU  - Kotschenreuther, M.
T1  - Design integration of liquid surface divertors
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 244
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: The US Enabling Technology Program in fusion is investigating the use of free flowing liquid surfaces facing the plasma. We have been studying the issues in integrating a liquid surface divertor into a configuration based upon an advanced tokamak, specifically the ARIES-RS configuration. The simplest form of such a divertor is to extend the flow of the liquid first wall into the divertor and thereby avoid introducing additional fluid streams. In this case, one can modify the flow above the divertor to enhance thermal mixing. For divertors with flowing liquid metals (or other electrically conductive fluids) MHD (magneto-hydrodynamics) effects are a major concern and can produce forces that redirect flow and suppress turbulence. An evaluation of Flibe (a molten salt) as a working fluid was done to assess a case in which the MHD forces could be largely neglected. Initial studies indicate that, for a tokamak with high power density, an integrated Flibe first wall and divertor does not seem workable. We have continued work with molten salts and replaced Flibe with Flinabe, a mixture of lithium, sodium and beryllium fluorides, that has some potential because of its lower melting temperature. Sn and Sn–Li have also been considered, and the initial evaluations on heat removal with minimal plasma contamination show promise, although the complicated 3D MHD flows cannot yet be fully modeled. Particle pumping in these design concepts is accomplished by conventional means (ports and pumps). However, trapping of hydrogen in these flowing liquids seems plausible and novel concepts for entrapping helium are also being studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - PUMPING machinery
KW  - TRIBOLOGY
KW  - Divertor
KW  - Edge modeling
KW  - First wall
N1  - Accession Number: 19277961; Nygren, R.E. 1; Email Address: renygre@sandia.gov Cowgill, D.F. 1 Ulrickson, M.A. 1 Nelson, B.E. 2 Fogarty, P.J. 2 Rognlien, T.D. 3 Rensink, M.E. 3 Hassanein, A. 4 Smolentsev, S.S. 5 Kotschenreuther, M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1129, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  4: Argonne National Laboratory  5: University of California, Los Angeles, USA  6: University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p223; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: PUMPING machinery; Subject Term: TRIBOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Divertor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Edge modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: First wall; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333910 Pump and compressor manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333911 Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19277961&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong, C.P.C.
AU  - Malang, S.
AU  - Sawan, M.
AU  - Sviatoslavsky, I.
AU  - Mogahed, E.
AU  - Smolentsev, S.
AU  - Majumdar, S.
AU  - Merrill, B.
AU  - Mattas, R.
AU  - Friend, M.
AU  - Bolin, J.
AU  - Sharafat, S.
T1  - Molten salt self-cooled solid first wall and blanket design based on advanced ferritic steel
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 245
EP  - 275
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: As an element in the U.S. Advanced Power Extraction (APEX) program, the solid first wall and blanket design team assessed innovative design configurations with the use of advanced nano-composite ferritic steel (AFS) as the structural material and FLiBe as the tritium breeder and coolant. The goal for the assessment is to search for designs that can have high volumetric power density and surface heat-flux handling capability, with assurance of fuel self-sufficiency, high thermal efficiency and passive safety for a tokamak power reactor. We selected the re-circulating flow configuration as our reference design. Based on the recommended material properties of AFS we found that the reference design can handle a maximum surface heat flux of 1MW/m2, and a maximum neutron wall loading of 5.4MW/m2, with a gross thermal efficiency of 47%, while meeting all the tritium breeding, structural design and passive safety requirements. This paper will cover the results of the following areas of assessment: material design properties, FW/blanket design configuration, materials compatibility, components fabrication, neutronics analysis, thermal-hydraulics analysis including MHD effects, structural analysis; molten salt and helium closed cycle power conversion system; and safety and waste disposal of the re-circulating coolant first wall and blanket design. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - STRUCTURAL engineering
KW  - HAZARDOUS wastes
KW  - Advanced ferritic steel
KW  - Blanket
KW  - First wall
KW  - FLiBe
KW  - Fusion
KW  - Gas turbine
KW  - Liquid metal MHD
KW  - Re-circulation coolant
KW  - Systems study
N1  - Accession Number: 19277962; Wong, C.P.C. 1; Email Address: wongc@fusion.gat.com Malang, S. 2 Sawan, M. 3 Sviatoslavsky, I. 3 Mogahed, E. 3 Smolentsev, S. 4 Majumdar, S. 5 Merrill, B. 6 Mattas, R. 5 Friend, M. 1 Bolin, J. 1 Sharafat, S. 4; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA  2: Fusion Nuclear Technology Consulting, Linkenheim, Germany  3: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA  4: University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA  5: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  6: INEEL, Idaho Falls, ID, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p245; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL engineering; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS wastes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Advanced ferritic steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Blanket; Author-Supplied Keyword: First wall; Author-Supplied Keyword: FLiBe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas turbine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid metal MHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Re-circulation coolant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Systems study; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19277962&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Merrill, B.J.
AU  - Sawan, M.
AU  - Wong, C.P.C.
AU  - Nygren, R.E.
AU  - Cadwallader, L.C.
AU  - Malang, S.
AU  - Sze, D.-K.
T1  - Safety assessment of two advanced ferritic steel molten salt blanket design concepts
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 306
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: In this article, we explore some of the safety issues associated with two advanced ferritic steel (AFS) molten salt blanket designs from the Advanced Power Extraction (APEX) design study [M.A. Abdou, The APEX Team, On the exploration of innovative concepts for fusion chamber technology, Fus. Eng. Des. 54 (2000) 181]. In particular, we examine radiological inventories, decay heat, waste disposal ratings, and toxic chemical inventories of these design concepts. In addition, we predict the thermal response of these blanket designs during accident conditions, and the mobilization of the radiological inventories and site boundary dose from the release of this mobilized material during a worst-case confinement-boundary-bypass accident. The molten salts being proposed for these blanket concepts are Flibe and Flinabe, and the structural material is a nano-composite strengthened ferritic steel alloy called 12YWT. The estimated dose at the site boundary is less than the no-evacuation limit of 10mSv for a ground level release during conservative weather conditions if plant isolation occurs within 5 days. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUSED salts
KW  - HAZARDOUS wastes
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - PRODUCT management
KW  - APEX
KW  - Bypass accidents
KW  - Fusion safety
KW  - LOCA
KW  - LOVA
KW  - Molten salts
KW  - Site dose
N1  - Accession Number: 19277963; Merrill, B.J. 1; Email Address: bdm@inel.gov Sawan, M. 2 Wong, C.P.C. 3 Nygren, R.E. 4 Cadwallader, L.C. 1 Malang, S. 5 Sze, D.-K. 6; Affiliation:  1: INEEL Fusion Safety Program, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-3860, USA  2: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA  3: General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA  4: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM, USA  5: Fusion Nuclear Technology Consulting Fliederweg 3, 76351 Linkenheim, Germany  6: University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p277; Subject Term: FUSED salts; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS wastes; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Subject Term: PRODUCT management; Author-Supplied Keyword: APEX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bypass accidents; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fusion safety; Author-Supplied Keyword: LOCA; Author-Supplied Keyword: LOVA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molten salts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site dose; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562910 Remediation Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562110 Waste collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19277963&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sviatoslavsky, I.N.
AU  - Sawan, M.E.
AU  - Mogahed, E.A.
AU  - Majumdar, S.
AU  - Mattas, R.
AU  - Malang, S.
AU  - Fogarty, P.J.
AU  - Friend, M.
AU  - Wong, C.P.C.
AU  - Sharafat, S.
T1  - Engineering and geometric aspects of the solid wall re-circulating fluid blanket based on advanced ferritic steel
JO  - Fusion Engineering & Design
JF  - Fusion Engineering & Design
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 72
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 307
EP  - 326
SN  - 09203796
AB  - Abstract: The Advanced Power Extraction (APEX) project has been exploring concepts for power producing blankets that can enhance the potential of fusion energy. The pursued concepts cover both liquid and solid wall designs. The solid wall blanket branch of the project has been concentrating on the use of nano-composited ferritic (NCF) steel structure coupled with Flibe (Li2BeF4) coolant. The present blanket is a solid wall design with an innovative coolant scheme, which allows part of the coolant to be re-circulated in order to enhance the outlet temperature, and thus improve the power cycle efficiency. The structure is 12YWT, an oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel, which has a maximum operating temperature of 800°C and a compatibility with Flibe up to 700°C. Several methods for fabricating the complex geometry of the first wall (FW) and blanket are presented. Preliminary coolant routing is proposed with solutions offered for minimizing heat losses and simplifying assembly and maintenance. Even though this blanket is somewhat complicated, its forward looking aims, that of maximizing nuclear performance to achieve a high thermal conversion efficiency, are well worth striving for. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fusion Engineering & Design is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - POWDER metallurgy
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - THERMOELASTIC stress analysis
KW  - APEX
KW  - Fabrication
KW  - Fluid circuits
KW  - Geometry
KW  - Materials
KW  - Solid wall
KW  - Stress analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 19277964; Sviatoslavsky, I.N. 1; Email Address: igor@engr.wisc.edu Sawan, M.E. 1 Mogahed, E.A. 1 Majumdar, S. 2 Mattas, R. 2 Malang, S. 3 Fogarty, P.J. 4 Friend, M. 5 Wong, C.P.C. 5 Sharafat, S. 6; Affiliation:  1: University of Wisconsin, 1500 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53603, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA  3: Fusion Nuclear Technology Consulting, Fliederweg 3, 76351 Linkenheim, Germany  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  5: General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA  6: UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 72 Issue 1-3, p307; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: POWDER metallurgy; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: THERMOELASTIC stress analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: APEX; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fabrication; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluid circuits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Geometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid wall; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stress analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19277964&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ovcharenko, Ivan
AU  - Stubbs, Lisa
AU  - Loots, Gabriela G.
T1  - Interpreting mammalian evolution using Fugu genome comparisons
JO  - Genomics
JF  - Genomics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 84
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 890
EP  - 895
SN  - 08887543
AB  - Recently, it has been shown that a significant number of evolutionarily conserved human–Fugu noncoding elements function as tissue-specific transcriptional enhancers in vivo, suggesting that distant comparisons are capable of identifying a particular class of regulatory elements. We therefore hypothesized that by juxtaposing human/Fugu and human/mouse conservation patterns we can define conservation criteria for discovering transcriptional regulatory elements specific to mammals. Genome-scale comparisons of noncoding human/Fugu evolutionary conserved elements (ECRs) and their humans/mouse counterparts revealed a particular signature common to human/mouse ECRs (≥350 bp long, ≥77% identity) that are also conserved in fishes. This newly defined threshold identifies 90% of all human/Fugu noncoding ECRs without the assistance of human–Fugu genome alignments and provides a very efficient filter for identifying functional human/mouse ECRs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Genomics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - FUGU fishing
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - MAMMALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14650261; Ovcharenko, Ivan; Email Address: ovcharenko1@llnl.gov Stubbs, Lisa 1 Loots, Gabriela G.; Email Address: loots1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Genome Biology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-441, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 84 Issue 5, p890; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: FUGU fishing; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: MAMMALS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.07.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14650261&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Flach, Gregory P.
AU  - Crisman, Stefanie A.
AU  - Molz III, Fred J.
T1  - Comparison of Single-Domain and Dual-Domain Subsurface Transport Models.
JO  - Ground Water
JF  - Ground Water
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 42
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 815
EP  - 828
SN  - 0017467X
AB  - Subgrid modeling of some type is typically used to account for heterogeneity at scales below the grid scale. The single-domain model (SDM), employing field-scale dispersion, and the dual-domain model (DDM), employing local hydrodynamic dispersion and exchange between domains having large hydraulic conductivity contrasts, are well-known examples. In this paper, the two modeling approaches are applied to tritium migration from the H-area seepage basins to a nearby stream--Fourmile Branch--at the Savannah River Site. This location has been monitored since 1955, so an extensive dataset exists for formulating realistic simulations and comparing the results to data. It is concluded that the main parameters of both models are scale-dependent, and methods are discussed for making initial estimates of the DDM parameters, which include mobile/immobile porosities and the mass exchange coefficient. Both models were calibrated to produce the best fit to recorded tritium data. When various attributes of the dataset were considered, including cumulative tritium activity discharged to Fourmile Branch, plume arrival time, and plume attenuation due to closure of the seepage basins in 1988, the DDM produced results superior to the SDM, while causing no unrealistic upgradient dispersion. A sensitivity analysis showed that only the DDM was able to accurately produce both the instantaneous activity discharge and cumulative activity with a single parameter set. This is thought to be due to the advection-dominated nature of transport in natural porous media and the more realistic treatment of this type of transport in the DDM relative to the SDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROGENEITY
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - TRITIUM
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - POROUS materials
N1  - Accession Number: 15033937; Flach, Gregory P. 1; Email Address: gregory.flach@srs.gov Crisman, Stefanie A. 2; Email Address: sacrism@clemson.edu Molz III, Fred J. 3; Email Address: fredi@clemson.edu; Affiliation:  1: Savannah River National Laboratory, Bldg. 773-42A, Room 211, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808  2: Department of Environmental Engineering & Science, Clemson University, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625  3: Department of Environmental Engineering Et Science, Clemson University, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 42 Issue 6/7, p815; Subject Term: HETEROGENEITY; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: TRITIUM; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Su, Grace W.
AU  - Jasperse, James
AU  - Seymour, Donald
AU  - Constantz, Jim
T1  - Estimation of Hydraulic Conductivity in an Alluvial System Using Temperatures.
JO  - Ground Water
JF  - Ground Water
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 42
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 890
EP  - 901
SN  - 0017467X
AB  - Well water temperatures are often collected simultaneously with water levels; however, temperature data are generally considered only as a water quality parameter and are not utilized as an environmental tracer. In this paper, water levels and seasonal temperatures are used to estimate hydraulic conductivities in a stream-aquifer system. To demonstrate this method, temperatures and water levels are analyzed from six observation wells along an example study site, the Russian River in Sonoma County, California. The range in seasonal ground water temperatures in these wells varied from < 0.2°C in two wells to -8°C in the other four wells from June to October 2000. The temperature probes in the six wells are located at depths between 3.5 and 7.1 m relative to the river channel. Hydraulic conductivities are estimated by matching simulated ground water temperatures to the observed ground water temperatures. An anisotropy of 5 (horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivity) generally gives the best fit to the observed temperatures. Estimated conductivities vary over an order of magnitude in the six locations analyzed. In some locations, a change in the observed temperature profile occurred during the study, most likely due to deposition of fine-grained sediment and organic matter plugging the streambed. A reasonable fit to this change in the temperature profile is obtained by decreasing the hydraulic conductivity in the simulations. This study demonstrates that seasonal ground water temperatures monitored in observation wells provide an effective means of estimating hydraulic conductivities in alluvial aquifers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - WATER levels
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - AQUIFERS
KW  - GROUNDWATER
N1  - Accession Number: 15033943; Su, Grace W. 1; Email Address: gwsu@lbl.gov Jasperse, James 2 Seymour, Donald 2 Constantz, Jim 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Sonoma County Water Agency, Santa Rosa, CA 95406  3: U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 42 Issue 6/7, p890; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: WATER levels; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: AQUIFERS; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs, 1 Map; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davis, Stanley N.
AU  - Fabryka-Martin, June T.
AU  - Wolfsberg, Laura E.
T1  - Variations of Bromide in Potable Ground Water in the United States.
JO  - Ground Water
JF  - Ground Water
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 42
IS  - 6/7
M3  - Article
SP  - 902
EP  - 909
SN  - 0017467X
AB  - Concentrations of bromide in potable ground water that has < 10 mg/L chloride range from 0.0032 to 0.058 mg/L with a median value of 0.016 mg/L. The chloride/bromide mass ratio for the same water ranges from 43 to 285 with a median value of 101. The ratios, which resulted from screening -165 analyses of water from 32 locations in 24 states in the United States, show a distinct geographic variation with highest values near the coast and trending toward a value of ∼50 in the continental interior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ground Water is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BROMIDES
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - CHLORIDES
KW  - WATER
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 15033944; Davis, Stanley N. 1; Email Address: sndavis@u.arizona.edu Fabryka-Martin, June T. 2 Wolfsberg, Laura E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721  2: Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), Mail Stop T003, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Isotope and Nuclear Chemistry Group (C-INC), Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 42 Issue 6/7, p902; Subject Term: BROMIDES; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: CHLORIDES; Subject Term: WATER; Subject Term: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Potter, Charles A.
T1  - INTERNAL DOSIMETRY—A REVIEW .
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 87
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 455
EP  - 468
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The field history and current status of internal dosimetry is reviewed in this article. Elements of the field that are reviewed include standards and models, derivation of dose coefficients and intake retention fractions, bioassay measurements, and intake and dose calculations. In addition, guidance is developed and provided as to the necessity of internal dosimetry for a particular facility or operation and methodology for implementing a program. A discussion of the purposes of internal dosimetry is included as well as recommendations for future development and direction.
KW  - Biological assay
KW  - Dosage of drugs
KW  - Medical physics
KW  - Methodology
KW  - dose assessment
KW  - dosimetry
KW  - Health Physics Society
KW  - historical profiles
KW  - internal
N1  - Accession Number: 14987779; Potter, Charles A. 1; Email Address: capotte@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, MS0651, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 87 Issue 5, p455; Thesaurus Term: Biological assay; Subject Term: Dosage of drugs; Subject Term: Medical physics; Subject Term: Methodology; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: dosimetry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Health Physics Society; Author-Supplied Keyword: historical profiles; Author-Supplied Keyword: internal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jing-Jy Cheng
AU  - Kassas, Bassel
AU  - Charley Yu
AU  - Arnish, John
AU  - Lepoire, Dave
AU  - Shih-Yew Chen
AU  - Williams, W.A.
AU  - Wallo, A.
AU  - Peterson, H.
T1  - RESRAD-RECYCLE: A COMPUTER MODEL FOR ANALYZING RADIATION EXPOSURES RESULTING FROM RECYCLING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED SCRAP METALS OR REUSING RADIOACTIVELY...
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 87
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 517
EP  - 531
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Organic forms of radioactive iodine are released during routine and accidental releases from the nuclear industry. Methyl iodide is often the predominant species in these releases. This paper describes the results of a study to determine the deposition, allocation, and loss of radioiodine after crops of bean, carrot, and cabbage were exposed to CH3125I. The deposition velocity ranged from 0.14-7.10 × 10-4 cm s-1, which is in line with previous studies. Translocation of radioiodine away from the leaves to other crop components was observed post exposure. The partition of radioiodine was to those crop components growing most actively at the time of exposure. This finding contradicts some previous studies and will have implications for dose assessments. Losses of radioiodine were only observed as a consequence of leaf fall. The consequences of these findings for the modeling the movement of radioiodine in crops following the deposition of methyl iodide are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Scrap metals -- Recycling
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Radioactive decay
KW  - computer calculations
KW  - contamination
KW  - dose assessment
KW  - recycling
N1  - Accession Number: 14987785; Jing-Jy Cheng 1; Email Address: jcheng@anl.gov; Kassas, Bassel 2; Charley Yu 1; Arnish, John 1; Lepoire, Dave 1; Shih-Yew Chen 1; Williams, W.A. 1; Wallo, A. 3; Peterson, H. 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; 2: Radiation Physics Department, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030; 3: U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 87 Issue 5, p517; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Scrap metals -- Recycling; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive decay; Author-Supplied Keyword: computer calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: dose assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: recycling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 9 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reciniello, Richard
T1  - Assessment of Occupational Exposure Due to External Sources of Radiation—IAEA Safety Guide RS-G-13 (Book).
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 87
IS  - 5
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 545
EP  - 546
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Reviews the book "Assessment of Occupational Exposure Due to External Sources of Radiation--IAEA Safety Guide RS-G-13".
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Nonfiction
KW  - Assessment of Occupational Exposure Due to External Sources of Radiation: IAEA Safety Guide RS-G-13 (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 14987789; Reciniello, Richard 1; Email Address: reciniello@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 490, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 87 Issue 5, p545; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Nonfiction; Reviews & Products: Assessment of Occupational Exposure Due to External Sources of Radiation: IAEA Safety Guide RS-G-13 (Book); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watson, David S.
T1  - A Five-Step Plan for Using Web Tools to Schedule Campus HVAC Equipment.
JO  - Heating/Piping/Air Conditioning Engineering
JF  - Heating/Piping/Air Conditioning Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 76
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
PB  - Penton Publishing
SN  - 15274055
AB  - Presents steps for using an energy-management and control system to schedule heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment on college campuses.  Way to minimize run time on HVAC equipment; Reasons for not using scheduling based on rooms of buildings; Steps to save energy in using HVAC equipment.
KW  - ENERGY management
KW  - PROCESS control
KW  - PRODUCTION scheduling
KW  - COLLEGE buildings
KW  - FACILITY management
KW  - UNIVERSITIES & colleges
KW  - HEATING
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - AIR conditioning
KW  - ENERGY conservation
N1  - Accession Number: 14888571; Watson, David S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 76 Issue 11, p9; Subject Term: ENERGY management; Subject Term: PROCESS control; Subject Term: PRODUCTION scheduling; Subject Term: COLLEGE buildings; Subject Term: FACILITY management; Subject Term: UNIVERSITIES & colleges; Subject Term: HEATING; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: AIR conditioning; Subject Term: ENERGY conservation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531120 Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 531312 Nonresidential Property Managers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561210 Facilities Support Services; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Walker, Iain
AU  - Sherman, Max
T1  - What's Up with Duct Tape?
JO  - Home Energy
JF  - Home Energy
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 22
SN  - 08969442
AB  - Focuses on the Underwriter's laboratories and American Society for Testing and Materials longevity tests on duct tape conducted by the Energy Performance of Buildings Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California.  Information on the core-to-collar joint duct connections test samples; Problems with strap failure; Recommendations for better duct sealing.
KW  - Building materials -- Service life
KW  - Duct tape
KW  - Adhesive tape
KW  - Materials testing laboratories
KW  - Berkeley (Calif.)
KW  - California
N1  - Accession Number: 15318926; Walker, Iain 1; Sherman, Max 1; Affiliations: 1: Staff scientist, Energy Performance of Buildings Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Issue Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 21 Issue 6, p20; Subject Term: Building materials -- Service life; Subject Term: Duct tape; Subject Term: Adhesive tape; Subject Term: Materials testing laboratories; Subject: Berkeley (Calif.); Subject: California; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414520 Toiletries, cosmetics and sundries merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 322220 Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 5 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoo, Tae-Sic
AU  - Lafortune, Stéphane
T1  - Decentralized Supervisory Control With Conditional Decisions: Supervisor Existence.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 49
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1886
EP  - 1904
SN  - 00189286
AB  - Most of the results on decentralized supervisory control are based on supervisors that make unconditional decisions: "enable" and "disable." In this paper, we introduce and study the properties of decentralized supervisory control architectures where supervisors are allowed to make conditional decisions in addition to unconditional decisions, The conditional decisions we consider are of the form: "enable if nobody disables" and "disable If nobody enables:' We characterize the notion of conditional coobservability that appears in the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of supervisors in the context of such control architectures. This condition relaxes the previous notions of coobservability for unconditional architectures. The key properties of conditional coobservability are studied. We develop a polynomial-time algorithm for verifying the notion of conditional coobservability. A polynomial-lime method of partitioning the controllable events between "enable by default" and "disable by default" is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERVISORY control systems
KW  - SUPERVISORS
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - ARCHITECTURE
KW  - PROCESS control
KW  - ENGINEERING
KW  - Conditional decision
KW  - decentralized supervisory control
KW  - discrete-event systems
N1  - Accession Number: 15240956; Yoo, Tae-Sic 1; Email Address: tyoo@anlw.anl.gov Lafortune, Stéphane 2; Email Address: stephane@eecs.umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83403-2528 USA.  2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2122 USA.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 49 Issue 11, p1886; Subject Term: SUPERVISORY control systems; Subject Term: SUPERVISORS; Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURE; Subject Term: PROCESS control; Subject Term: ENGINEERING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conditional decision; Author-Supplied Keyword: decentralized supervisory control; Author-Supplied Keyword: discrete-event systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TAC.2004.837595
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yue, Meng
AU  - Schlueter, Robert
T1  - Bifurcation Subsystem and Its Application in Power System Analysis.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1885
EP  - 1893
SN  - 08858950
AB  - The paper extent the concept of a bifurcation sub- system that experiences, produces, and causes the bifurcation in the full system model, and systematically describes a bifurcation subsystem method. The motivation for finding a bifurcation subsystem and. its advantages over model reduction, slaving, and finding the center manifold dynamics are discussed. By using the theoretical results of the persistence on saddle-node and Hop? bifurcation of a full system model with both fast and slow singularly perturbed dynamics, a more precise definition of what constitutes a bifurcation subsystem for both saddle-node and Hopf bifurcation is given. Persistence of the center manifold for the reduced models of singularly perturbed fast and slow external dynamics thus is shown. These results are then used to show that the center manifold of the saddle-node and Hopf bifurcation lies in the bifurcation subsystem or is contained within the bifurcation subsystem if additional conditions are satisfied. The test conditions for the existence of a bifurcation subsystem are: 1) quickly reviewed and 2) then applied to compute a saddle-node and a Hopf bifurcation subsystem for a multiple machine differential algebraic example system. The results computationally validate the bifurcation subsystem method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIFURCATION theory
KW  - ELECTRIC power systems
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - STATICS
KW  - SYSTEM analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - Bifurcation subsystem method
KW  - center manifold dynamics
KW  - Hopf bifurcation
KW  - saddle-node bifurcation.
N1  - Accession Number: 15252003; Yue, Meng 1; Email Address: yuemeng@bnl.gov Schlueter, Robert 2; Email Address: schlete@egr.insu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy Science and Technology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p1885; Subject Term: BIFURCATION theory; Subject Term: ELECTRIC power systems; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: STATICS; Subject Term: SYSTEM analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bifurcation subsystem method; Author-Supplied Keyword: center manifold dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hopf bifurcation; Author-Supplied Keyword: saddle-node bifurcation.; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPWRS.2004 836247
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conradson, Steven D.
AU  - Manara, Dario
AU  - Wastin, Franck
AU  - Clark, David L.
AU  - Lander, Gerard H.
AU  - Morales, Luis A.
AU  - Rebizant, Jean
AU  - Rondineila, Vincenzo V.
T1  - Local Structure and Charge Distribution in the UO2U4O9 System.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 43
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6922
EP  - 6935
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Analysis of X-ray absorption fine structure spectra of UO2+x for x = 0-0.20 (UO2-U4O9) reveals that the adventitious O atoms are incorporated as oxo groups with U-O distances of 1.74 Å, most likely associated with U(VI), that occur in clusters so that the UO2 fraction of the material largely remains intact. In addition to the formation of some additional longer U-O bonds, the U sublattice consists of an ordered portion that displays the original U-U distance and a spectroscopically silent, glassy part. This is very different from previous models derived from neutron diffraction that maintained long U-O distances and high U-O coordination numbers. UO2+x also differs from PuO2+x in its substantially shorter An-oxo distances and no sign of stable coordination with H2O and its hydrolysis products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXO compounds
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - INORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15157184; Conradson, Steven D. 1; Email Address: conradson@lanl.gov Manara, Dario 2 Wastin, Franck 2 Clark, David L. 3 Lander, Gerard H. 3 Morales, Luis A. 4 Rebizant, Jean 3 Rondineila, Vincenzo V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division  2: Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544  3: European Commission, JRC, Institute for Transuranium Elements, D-76125, Karlsruhe, Germany  4: Nuclear Materials and Technology Division; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 22, p6922; Subject Term: OXO compounds; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: INORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, Yongjun
AU  - Felix, Ana M.
AU  - Zakharov, Lev N.
AU  - Rheingold, Arnold L.
AU  - Kemp, Richard A.
T1  - Syntheses and Structural Characterization of a Monomeric Tin(II) Diamide and a Novel Chlorotin(ll) Amide Trimer.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 43
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 7239
EP  - 7242
SN  - 00201669
AB  - We have found that addition of a 2:1 ratio of the bulky ligand Li[N(mesityl)(SiMe3)] to SnCl2 yields Sn[N(mesityl)- (SiMe3)]2, which is found by X-ray crystallography to be monomeric in the solid state. Interestingly, the solid state structure of the stannylene exhibits a "minipocket" caused by the parallel arrangement of the phenyl rings. A 1:1 ratio of ligand to SnCl2 affords the new chlerotin amide {Sn(μ-Cl)[N(mesityl)(SiMe3)]}3, which adopts a unique trimeric structure in the solid state. The chairlike (Sn-Cl)3 backbone shown here has not been seen previously in Sn-halide chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TIN compounds
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - X-ray crystallography
KW  - MONOMERS
KW  - ORGANIC chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15157218; Tang, Yongjun 1 Felix, Ana M. 1 Zakharov, Lev N. 2 Rheingold, Arnold L. 2 Kemp, Richard A. 1,3; Email Address: rakemp@unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093  3: Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 22, p7239; Subject Term: TIN compounds; Subject Term: AMIDES; Subject Term: X-ray crystallography; Subject Term: MONOMERS; Subject Term: ORGANIC chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manson, Jamie L.
AU  - Schlueter, John A.
T1  - Crystal structure and linear chain antiferromagnetism in Mn(tricyanomethanide)2(4,4<f>′</f>-bipyridine)2
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 357
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3975
EP  - 3979
SN  - 00201693
AB  - A new linear chain antiferromagnet, namely Mn(tcm)2(4,4<f>′</f>-bipy)2 (tcm=tricyanomethanide and bipy=bipyridine) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Each Mn2+ is high-spin <f>S=5/2</f> and linked to nearest-neighbor spin sites via μ-bridged tcm ligands to form a 1D linear chain while the bipy ligands are monodentate and segregate the chains. Magnetically, a broad maximum in <f>χ′(T)</f> is observed at 2.1 K and likely signifies short-range magnetic order within the chains. A least-squares fit of the <f>χT(T)</f> data to a classical-spin Fisher chain model yielded good agreement for <f>g=2.008(1)</f> and <f>J=-0.217(4)</f> K. No long-range magnetic ordering is observed above 1.6 K due to the presence of very weak interchain magnetic interactions as indicated by inclusion of a mean-field model that gave <f>zJ′=-0.009(1)</f> K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MINERALOGY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - 4,4<f>′</f>-Bipyridine ligand
KW  - Coordination polymer
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Tricyanomethanide ligand
N1  - Accession Number: 14785304; Manson, Jamie L. 1; Email Address: jmanson@ewu.edu Schlueter, John A. 2; Email Address: JASchlueter@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, WA 99004, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Bldg. 200, Rm. A185, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 357 Issue 13, p3975; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MINERALOGY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: 4,4<f>′</f>-Bipyridine ligand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coordination polymer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tricyanomethanide ligand; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ica.2004.06.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Firestone, Millicent A.
AU  - Rickert, Paul G.
AU  - Seifert, Sönke
AU  - Dietz, Mark L.
T1  - Anion effects on ionogel formation in N,N′-dialkylimidazolium-based ionic liquids
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 357
IS  - 13
M3  - Article
SP  - 3991
EP  - 3998
SN  - 00201693
KW  - Anion effects
KW  - Ionic liquid
KW  - Ionogel
KW  - Mesoscopic structure
KW  - SAXS
N1  - Accession Number: 14785306; Firestone, Millicent A.; Email Address: firestone@anl.gov Rickert, Paul G. 1 Seifert, Sönke 2 Dietz, Mark L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Advanced Photon Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 357 Issue 13, p3991; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anion effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic liquid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionogel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoscopic structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: SAXS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ica.2004.06.042
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, S.K.
AU  - Lee, H.N.
AU  - Zhu, X.H.
AU  - Hesse, D.
AU  - Gösele, U.
T1  - Reducing Azimuthal Domains in (100)- or (118)-Oriented Ferroelectric Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 Films Using Off-Cut Single Crystal Substrates.
JO  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
JF  - Integrated Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 68
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 202
SN  - 10584587
AB  - La-substituted Bi4Ti3O12 (BLT) epitaxial ferroelectric thin films having a reduced number of azimuthal domains were grown by pulsed laser deposition on offcut yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) single crystal substrates. Crystallographic structure and electrical properties of the films grown on offcut YSZ(100) substrates with an offcut angle of 5° have been investigated. BLT films grown on [011] offcut YSZ(100) substrates covered with SrRuO3(110) electrode layers showed a considerably higher reduction of the number of azimuthal domains than those grown on SrRuO3(110) electrode layers on [001] offcut YSZ. Higher remanent polarization values were measured in BLT films on [011] offcut YSZ(100) substrates, compared to BLT films grown on [001] offcut or exactly cut ones, most probably due to the reduced number of azimuthal domain boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Integrated Ferroelectrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - COATING processes
KW  - azimuthal domains
KW  - Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12
KW  - epitaxial thin films
KW  - Offcut substrates
KW  - yttria-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ)
N1  - Accession Number: 15830965; Lee, S.K. 1 Lee, H.N. 2 Zhu, X.H. 1 Hesse, D. 1 Gösele, U. 1; Affiliation:  1: Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany  2: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 68 Issue 1, p193; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: COATING processes; Author-Supplied Keyword: azimuthal domains; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12; Author-Supplied Keyword: epitaxial thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Offcut substrates; Author-Supplied Keyword: yttria-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10584580490896409
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Post, D. E.
AU  - Kendall, R. P.
T1  - SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY ENGINEERING PRACTICES FOR COMPLEX, COUPLED MULTIPHYSICS, MASSIVELY PARALLEL COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATIONS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM ASCI.
JO  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
JF  - International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Y1  - 2004///Winter2004
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 399
EP  - 416
SN  - 10943420
AB  - The article discusses complex, coupled multiphysics, massively parallel computational simulations. Many institutions are now developing large-scale, complex, coupled multiphysics computational simulations for massively parallel platforms for the simulation of the performance of nuclear weapons and certification of the stockpile, and for research in climate and weather prediction, magnetic and inertial fusion energy, environmental systems, astrophysics, aerodynamic design, combustion, biological and biochemical systems, and other areas. In the middle of 1996, the U.S. Department of Energy launched the Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative to develop an enhanced simulation capability for the nuclear weapons in the US stockpile. The strategy developed for "Stockpile Stewardship" has four major elements: active surveillance of the stockpile to identify problems and issues so that they can be fixed; revival of the capability for manufacturing and refurbishing weapons; development of enhanced fidelity computer simulations for nuclear weapons; development of an active experimental program to validate the new simulations. Successful completion of a software project, indeed any project, requires that the project have a consistent and realistic set of requirements, schedule and resources.
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - STRATEGIC planning
KW  - computational science
KW  - management
KW  - Software engineering
KW  - software project
KW  - validation
KW  - verification
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15271499; Post, D. E. 1; Email Address: POST@LAN L.GOV Kendall, R. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA; Source Info: Winter2004, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p399; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: STRATEGIC planning; Author-Supplied Keyword: computational science; Author-Supplied Keyword: management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software engineering; Author-Supplied Keyword: software project; Author-Supplied Keyword: validation; Author-Supplied Keyword: verification; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1094342004048533
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Warren, Thomas L.
AU  - Hanchak, Stephen J.
AU  - Poormon, Kevin L.
T1  - Penetration of limestone targets by ogive-nosed VAR 4340 steel projectiles at oblique angles: experiments and simulations
JO  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Impact Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 30
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1307
EP  - 1331
SN  - 0734743X
AB  - In this paper, we document the results of a combined experimental, analytical, and computational research program that investigates the penetration of steel projectiles into limestone targets at oblique angles. We first conducted a series of depth-of-penetration experiments using 20.0 g, 7.11-mm-diameter, 71.12-mm-long, vacuum-arc-remelted (VAR) 4340 ogive-nose steel projectiles. These projectiles were launched with striking velocities between 0.4 and 1.3 km/s using a 20-mm powder gun into 0.5 m square limestone target faces with angles of obliquity of 15° and 30°. Next, we employed the initial conditions obtained from the experiments with a technique that we have developed to calculate permanent projectile deformation without erosion. With this technique we use an explicit, transient dynamic, finite element code to model the projectile and an analytical forcing function based on the dynamic expansion of a spherical cavity to represent the target. Due to angle of obliquity we developed a new free surface effect model based on the solution of a dynamically expanding spherical cavity in a finite sphere of incompressible Mohr–Coulomb target material to account for the difference in target resistance acting on the top and bottom sides of the projectile. Results from the simulations show the final projectile positions are in good agreement with the positions obtained from post-test castings of the projectile trajectories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Impact Engineering is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - LIMESTONE
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - EROSION
N1  - Accession Number: 14185986; Warren, Thomas L. 1; Email Address: tlwarren@sandia.gov Hanchak, Stephen J. 2 Poormon, Kevin L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1174, USA  2: 4701 Theodore St., Munhall, PA 15120-2934, USA  3: University of Dayton Research Institute, 300 College Park Avenue, Dayton, OH 45469-0182, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 30 Issue 10, p1307; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: LIMESTONE; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: EROSION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2003.09.047
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoon, S.S.
AU  - Hewson, J.C.
AU  - DesJardin, P.E.
AU  - Glaze, D.J.
AU  - Black, A.R.
AU  - Skaggs, R.R.
T1  - Numerical modeling and experimental measurements of a high speed solid-cone water spray for use in fire suppression applications
JO  - International Journal of Multiphase Flow
JF  - International Journal of Multiphase Flow
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 30
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1369
EP  - 1388
SN  - 03019322
AB  - Experimental measurements and numerical simulations of a high-speed water spray are presented. The numerical model is based on a stochastic separated flow technique that includes submodels for droplet dynamics, heat and mass transfer, and droplet–droplet collisions. Because the spray characteristics near the nozzle are difficult to ascertain, a new method for initialization of particle diameter size is developed that assumes a Rosin–Rammler distribution for droplet size, which correctly reproduces experimentally measured Sauter and arithmetic mean diameters. By relating the particle initialization to lower moments of the droplet statistics, it is possible to take advantage of measurements without substantial penalties associated with the greater experimental uncertainty of individual droplet measurements. Overall, very good agreement is observed in the comparisons of experimental measurements to computational predictions for the streamwise development of mean drop size and velocity. In addition, the importance of modeling droplet–droplet collisions is highlighted with comparison of selected droplet–droplet collision models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Multiphase Flow is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FIRE prevention
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - SPRAYING
N1  - Accession Number: 14958342; Yoon, S.S.; Email Address: ssyoon@sandia.gov Hewson, J.C. 1 DesJardin, P.E. 2 Glaze, D.J. 3 Black, A.R. 1 Skaggs, R.R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Fire Science and Technologies, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1135, United States  2: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States  3: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN 47907, United States  4: US Army Research Laboratory, AMSRL-WM-TB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5066, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 30 Issue 11, p1369; Subject Term: FIRE prevention; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: SPRAYING; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2004.07.006
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Becker, R.
T1  - Effects of crystal plasticity on materials loaded at high pressures and strain rates
JO  - International Journal of Plasticity
JF  - International Journal of Plasticity
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 20
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1983
EP  - 2006
SN  - 07496419
AB  - A crystal plasticity model is used to examine the effects of grain microstructure on the local deformation of metals subjected to high pressure and high strain rate loading characteristic of ballistic impact, explosive loading and laser ablation. The crystal elastic moduli are pressure dependent to capture the large volume strains properly and to enable evolution of shocks from steep pressure gradients. Results are obtained for a normal incidence pressure wave and a pressure wave traveling parallel to the metal surface. The results show that regions of nonuniform strain, characterized by patchy bands, can develop in the wake of the pressure wave. The magnitude and extent of the bands depends on the grain structure and the width of the zone over which the pressure rises. A steep pressure gradient produces a small process zone and leaves little chance for strain redistribution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Plasticity is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - HIGH pressure (Technology)
KW  - Crystal plasticity
KW  - High pressure
KW  - High strain rate
KW  - Shock loading
N1  - Accession Number: 13804715; Becker, R. 1; Email Address: becker13@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 20 Issue 11, p1983; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: High strain rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock loading; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijplas.2003.09.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feinendegen, L.E.
AU  - Neumann, R.D.
T1  - Dosimetry and risk from low- versus high-LET radiation of Auger events and the role of nuclide carriers.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 80
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 813
EP  - 822
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To analyse the lethality to mammalian cells of 125I-decays in DNA, in antipyrine in the whole cell and in oligodeoxynucleotides in the nucleus outside DNA as a function of Auger event-site and number. Materials and methods: Auger events cause both low- and high-linear energy transfer energy depositions including charge neutralization at the daughter nuclide. Microdosimetry allows the expression of absorbed dose to a defined micromass and the number of such events at given sites. Published data were used to relate micromass dose and event number to the dose to reduce survival to 37% of the initial survival (D37). Results: The D37 of 125I-decays in DNA was 0.1 Gy in terms of absorbed dose to the cell nucleus and about 30 in terms of average decays per nucleus or whole cell. The D37 of 125I-decays in antipyrine was 1.5 Gy for absorbed dose to the cell nucleus, about 250 in terms of average decays per nucleus and about 2 × 10³ for average decays per whole cell. 125I-decays in oligodeoxynucleotides were much less toxic than 125I-decays in antipyrine by a factor of about 25 in terms of average absorbed dose to the cell nucleus, by a factor or about 40 in terms of average decays per cell nucleus and by a factor of six in terms of average decays per whole cell. Conclusion: The unexpected low toxicity of 125I-decays in nuclear oligodeoxynucleotides outside the DNA in comparison with 125I-decays in antipyrine in the nucleus or the whole cell demands further attention on the role of oligodeoxynucleotides in altering cellular radiation sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DOSAGE of drugs
KW  - AUGER effect
KW  - DNA
KW  - ANTIPYRINE
KW  - ENERGY transfer
N1  - Accession Number: 16129197; Feinendegen, L.E. 1 Neumann, R.D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 80 Issue 11/12, p813; Subject Term: DOSAGE of drugs; Subject Term: AUGER effect; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: ANTIPYRINE; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000400007698
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goorley, Tim
AU  - Zamenhof, Robert
AU  - Nikjoo, Hooshang
T1  - Calculated DNA Damage from Gadolinium Auger Electrons and Relation to Dose Distributions in a Head Phantom.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF  - International Journal of Radiation Biology
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 80
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 933
EP  - 940
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09553002
AB  - Purpose: To calculate the number of 157Gadolinium (157Gd) neutron capture induced DNA double strand breaks (DSB) in tumor cells resulting from epithermal neuron irradiation of a human head when the peak tissue dose is 10 Gy. To assess the lethality of these Gd induced DSB. Materials and Methods: DNA single and double strand breaks from Auger electrons emitted during 157Gd(n,gamma) events were calculated using an atomistic model of B-DNA with higher-order structure. When combined with gadolinium neutron capture reaction rates and neutron and photon physical dose rates calculated from the radiation transport through a model of the human head with explicit tumors, peak tissue dose can be related to the number of Auger electron induced DSB in tumor cell DNA. The lethality of these DNA DSB were assessed through a comparison with incorporated 125I decay cell survival curves and second comparison with the number of DSB resulting from neutron and photon interactions. Results: These calculations on a molecular scale (microscopic calculations) indicate that for incorporated 157Gd, each neutron capture reaction results in an average of 1.56 ± 0.16 DNA single strand breaks (SSB) and 0.21 ± 0.04 DBS in the immediate vicinity (∼ 40 nm) of the neutron capture. In an example case of Gd Neutron Capture Therapy (GdNCT), a 1 cm radius midline tumor, peak normal tissue dose of 10 Gy, and a tumor concentration of 1000 ppm Gd, result in a maximum of 140 ± 27 DSBs per tumor cell. Conclusions: The number of DSB from the background radiation components is one order  of magnitude lower than the Gd Auger electron induced DSB. The cell survival of mammalian cell lines with a similar amount of complex DSB induced from incorporated 125I decay yield one to two magnitudes of cell killing. These two points indicate that gadolinium auger electrons could significantly contribute to cell killing in GdNCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Radiation Biology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - GADOLINIUM
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CELL lines
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - AUGER effect
N1  - Accession Number: 16129280; Goorley, Tim 1; Email Address: tgoorley@lanl.gov Zamenhof, Robert 2 Nikjoo, Hooshang 3; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics (X-Division), Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA  2: Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA  3: MRC Radiation and Genome Stability Unit, Harwell U.K.; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 80 Issue 11/12, p933; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GADOLINIUM; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CELL lines; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: AUGER effect; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09553000400017564
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Y. F.
AU  - Xie, S.
AU  - Ge, X. W.
AU  - Chen, C. H.
AU  - Amine, K.
T1  - Preparation of rechargeable lithium batteries with poly(methyl methacrylate) based gel polymer electrolyte by in situγ-ray irradiation-induced polymerization.
JO  - Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
JF  - Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1119
EP  - 1125
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 0021891X
AB  - An admixture of commercial liquid electrolyte (LB302, 1 M solution of LiPF6 in 1:1 EC/DEC) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) was enclosed in CR2032 cells. The assembled cells were then γ-ray-irradiated using configurations of half cells and full cells. Through this in situ irradiation polymerization process, we obtained rechargeable lithium ion cells with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) based gel polymer electrolytes (GPE). Galvanostatic cycling, AC impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the cells and the gel polymer electrolyte. This PMMA-based gel polymer electrolyte was found to exhibit a high ionic conductivity (at least 10-3 S cm-1) at room temperature. Due to a significant increase in the charge transfer resistance between the GPE and the cathode, the cell impedance of a PMMA-based lithium ion cell is greater than that of a liquid-electrolyte-based cell. The discharge capacity of a LiNi0.8Co0.2O2/GPE/graphite is approximately 145 mAh g-1 for the first cycle and decreases to123 mAh g-1 after 20 cycles. In addition, a large initial cell impedance (LICI) was observed in the irradiated positive half cell. In this paper, we propose a possible mechanism related to the detachment of the PMMA layer from the lithium electrode. This detachment of the PMMA layer from the lithium electrode has not been explicitly discussed previously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Electrochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - STORAGE batteries
KW  - METHYL methacrylate
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - γ-ray irradiation induced polymerization
KW  - gel polymer electrolyte
KW  - lithium ion batteries
KW  - PMMA
N1  - Accession Number: 15123885; Zhou, Y. F. 1 Xie, S. 2 Ge, X. W. 2 Chen, C. H. 2; Email Address: cchchen@ustc.edu.cn Amine, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui, Hefei, 230039, P.R. China.  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China.  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemical Technology Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p1119; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: STORAGE batteries; Subject Term: METHYL methacrylate; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: γ-ray irradiation induced polymerization; Author-Supplied Keyword: gel polymer electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: lithium ion batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: PMMA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Whiteman, C. David
AU  - Eisenbach, Stefan
AU  - Pospichal, Bernhard
AU  - Steinacker, Reinhold
T1  - Comparison of Vertical Soundings and Sidewall Air Temperature Measurements in a Small Alpine Basin.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 43
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1635
EP  - 1647
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - Tethered balloon soundings from two sites on the floor of a 1-km-diameter limestone sinkhole in the eastern Alps are compared with pseudovertical temperature “soundings” from three lines of temperature dataloggers on the basin's northwest, southwest, and southeast sidewalls. Under stable nighttime conditions with low background winds, the pseudovertical profiles from all three lines were good proxies for free air temperature soundings over the basin center, with a mean nighttime cold temperature bias of about 0.4°C and a standard deviation of 0.4°C. Cold biases were highest in the upper basin where relatively warm air subsides to replace air that spills out of the basin through the lowest-altitude saddle. On a windy night, standard deviations increased to 1°–2°C. After sunrise, the varying exposures of the dataloggers to sunlight made the pseudovertical profiles less useful as proxies for free air soundings. The good correspondence between sidewall and free air temperatures during high-static-stability conditions suggests that sidewall soundings can be used to monitor temperatures, temperature gradients, and temperature inversion evolution in the sinkhole. Sidewall soundings can produce more frequent profiles at lower cost than can tethersondes or rawinsondes, and extension of these findings to other enclosed or semienclosed topographies may enhance future basic meteorological research or support applications studies in agriculture, forestry, air pollution, and land use planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIR pollution standards
KW  - OCEANOGRAPHY
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - FORESTRY research
KW  - SUN
KW  - FORESTS & forestry
KW  - RISING & setting
N1  - Accession Number: 15415906; Whiteman, C. David 1; Email Address: dave.whiteman@pnl.gov Eisenbach, Stefan 2 Pospichal, Bernhard 2 Steinacker, Reinhold 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.  2: Institute for Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 43 Issue 11, p1635; Subject Term: AIR pollution standards; Subject Term: OCEANOGRAPHY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Subject Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: FORESTRY research; Subject Term: SUN; Subject Term: FORESTS & forestry; Subject Term: RISING & setting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhong, Shiyuan
AU  - Whiteman, C. David
AU  - Bian, Xindi
T1  - Diurnal Evolution of Three-Dimensional Wind and Temperature Structure in California's Central Valley.
JO  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
JF  - Journal of Applied Meteorology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 43
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1679
EP  - 1699
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948763
AB  - The diurnal evolution of the three-dimensional summer-season mean wind and temperature structure in California's Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys (collectively called the Central Valley) is investigated using data from 22 radar wind profiler/radio acoustic sounding systems (RASS) operated as part of the Central California Ozone Study in 2000. The profiler network revealed, for the first time, that the persistent summer-season flow pattern documented by surface observations extends 800–1000 m above the surface. At most locations, up-valley winds persist during both day and night except at the upper ends of the valleys and close to the valley sidewalls where diurnal wind reversals occur. Wind speeds exhibit pronounced diurnal oscillations, with amplitudes decreasing with height. A low-level wind maximum occurs in the lowest 300 m, with a sharp decrease in speed above the maximum. Especially well defined nocturnal low-level jets occur at sites in the southern San Joaquin Valley, where maximum speeds of 10 m s-1 or more occur 1–2 h before midnight at heights near 300 m. The afternoon mixed layer, generally deeper than 1000 m, increases in depth with up-valley distance in both valleys. At night, temperature inversions develop in the lowest several hundred meters with near-isothermal layers above. Mean temperatures in the lowest 500 m of the valleys are always warmer than at the same altitude over the coast, and temperature increases from the lower to upper valleys. The diurnal oscillations of the coast– valley and along-valley temperature and pressure difference reach a maximum in late afternoon and a minimum in early morning. These oscillations are in phase with the diurnal variation of westerly onshore flows. The along-valley wind maxima, however, occur 1–2 h before midnight, whereas the along-valley pressure gradient maxima are usually found just before sunset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Meteorology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANDFORMS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - WIND speed
KW  - SUN
KW  - GLOBAL temperature changes
KW  - VALLEYS
KW  - RISING & setting
KW  - CALIFORNIA
N1  - Accession Number: 15415903; Zhong, Shiyuan 1; Email Address: szhong@uh.edu Whiteman, C. David 2 Bian, Xindi 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geosciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.  3: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service North Central Research Station, East Lansing, Michigan.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 43 Issue 11, p1679; Subject Term: LANDFORMS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: WIND speed; Subject Term: SUN; Subject Term: GLOBAL temperature changes; Subject Term: VALLEYS; Subject Term: RISING & setting; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnat, E. V.
AU  - Hebner, G. A.
T1  - Radiofrequency sheath fields above a metal-dielectric interface.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4762
EP  - 4770
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Two-dimensional maps of the sheath electric fields formed around a metal-dielectric interface were measured in a radio frequency (rf) argon plasma using laser-induced fluorescence-dip spectroscopy. Experimentally determined Stark shifts of the argon Rydberg 13d[3/2]1 state were used to quantify the electric fields in the sheath as functions of the rf cycle, voltage, and pressure. Both the structure of the sheath fields and the discharge characteristics in the region above the electrode depend on the discharge conditions and the configuration of the surface. Dissimilar materials placed adjacent to each other result in electric fields with a component parallel to the electrode surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - ARGON
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - LASER spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 14909635; Barnat, E. V. 1 Hebner, G. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1423; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 9, p4762; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: LASER spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1794901
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosén, Johanna
AU  - Anders, André
AU  - Hultman, Lars
AU  - Schneider, Jochen M.
T1  - Charge state and time resolved plasma composition of a pulsed zirconium arc in a nitrogen environment.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4793
EP  - 4799
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The species and ion charge state evolution of a pulsed cathodic arc plasma was investigated at different pressures. A zirconium cathode was operated in a nitrogen environment, and the plasma composition was analyzed by time-of-flight charge-to-mass spectrometry. Large plasma chemistry changes were detected with respect to time and pressure. The 250 μs plasma pulse can be divided in two characteristic phases: a transient phase before 150 μs and a steady state phase for all later times. The measured changes in plasma chemistry in the transient phase at p∼10-5 Torr are explained by charge transfer collisions, while the increasing N+ fraction in the p>10-5 Torr range most likely originates from erosion of the nitrided cathode surface. In the steady-state phase, a pressure-induced change from higher to lower charge states was observed, which was mainly due to scattering of self-sputtered metal followed by metal ion-atom charge exchange collisions. These results are of importance for understanding the evolution of thin film composition and microstructure during reactive plasma deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - ZIRCONIUM compounds
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 14909631; Rosén, Johanna 1 Anders, André 2 Hultman, Lars 3 Schneider, Jochen M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Chemistry, RWTH-Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Department of Physics, IFM, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 9, p4793; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM compounds; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 9 Black and White Photographs, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1803627
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Caha, O.
AU  - Křápek, V.
AU  - Holý, V.
AU  - Moss, S. C.
AU  - Li, J. H.
AU  - Norman, A. G.
AU  - Mascarenhas, A.
AU  - Reno, J. L.
AU  - Stangl, J.
AU  - Medunña, M.
T1  - X-ray diffraction on laterally modulated (InAs)n/(AlAs)m short-period superlattices.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4833
EP  - 4838
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Lateral composition modulation in InAs/AlAs short-period superlattices was investigated by x-ray grazing-incidence diffraction and coplanar x-ray diffraction at a “normal” wavelength and at an anomalous wavelength, for which diffraction from the (200) planes does not exhibit a chemical contrast. The experimental data were compared with theoretical simulations assuming that the interfaces consist of a periodic sequence of monoatomic steps. The displacement field in the superlattice was calculated by continuum elasticity and using a valence-force field method. From the fit of the experimental data to the theory, the lengths of individual atomic terraces were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - CONTINUUM (Mathematics)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14909624; Caha, O. 1 Křápek, V. 1 Holý, V. 2 Moss, S. C. 3 Li, J. H. 3 Norman, A. G. 4 Mascarenhas, A. 4 Reno, J. L. 5 Stangl, J. 6 Medunña, M. 6; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Masaryk University, Kotláŕská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic  2: Department of Physics of Electronic Structures, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic  3: Physics Department and Texas Center for Superconductivity and Advanced Materials, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5005  4: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401  5: Physical and Chemical Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  6: Institut für Halbleiterphysik, Johannes Kepler Universität, A-4040 Linz, Austria; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 9, p4833; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: CONTINUUM (Mathematics); Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1781768
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Usov, I. O.
AU  - Suvorova, A. A.
AU  - Kudriavtsev, Y. A.
AU  - Suvorov, A. V.
T1  - Diffusion of boron in 6H and 4H SiC coimplanted with boron and nitrogen ions.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 4960
EP  - 4964
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The diffusion behavior of boron (B) and nitrogen (N) implanted in 6H and 4H silicon carbide (SiC) samples was investigated using secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The samples were either coimplanted with B and N ions or implanted with each element alone. The annealing was performed at 1700 °C for times ranging from 10 to 1800 s in argon ambient or in the vapors of silicon and carbon. Transmission electron microscopy has been used to determine the structural properties of implanted layers after the annealing. The N concentration profiles remained unchanged after the annealing. B atoms showed transient enhanced out- and in-diffusion. The coimplantation reduced the fraction of mobile B atoms participating in out- and in-diffusion processes and resulted in an increase in the density and decrease in size of dislocation loops formed in the implanted layer. The B diffusion coefficients in both SiC polytypes have been determined and a diffusion mechanism has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - SILICON carbide
N1  - Accession Number: 14909609; Usov, I. O. 1 Suvorova, A. A. 2 Kudriavtsev, Y. A. 3 Suvorov, A. V. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-STC, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia  3: Department Ingeneria Electrica—SEES, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico Distrito Federal, 07300, Mexico  4: Cree Inc., Durham, North Carolina 27703; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 9, p4960; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1803923
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Berman, G. P.
AU  - Gorshkov, V. N.
AU  - Tsifrinovich, V. I.
T1  - Regular and random magnetic resonance force microscopy signal with a cantilever oscillating parallel to a sample surface.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5081
EP  - 5084
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We study theoretically the magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) technique of oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversals, for the case when the cantilever tip oscillates parallel to the surface of a sample. The main contribution to the MRFM signal is associated with a part of the resonance slice near the surface of the sample. The regular (approximately exponential) decay of the MRFM signal is followed by the nondecaying random signal. The spectrum of the random signal is characterized by the high level of noise at low frequencies and a roll off at the characteristic frequency related to the inverse relaxation time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC force microscopy
KW  - SCANNING force microscopy
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ADIABATIC demagnetization
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - OSCILLATING chemical reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 14909588; Berman, G. P. 1 Gorshkov, V. N. 1 Tsifrinovich, V. I. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: IDS Department, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 9, p5081; Subject Term: MAGNETIC force microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING force microscopy; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ADIABATIC demagnetization; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: OSCILLATING chemical reactions; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787141
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Levin, E. M.
AU  - Hou, S.-S.
AU  - Bud'ko, S. L.
AU  - Schmidt-Rohr, K.
T1  - Magnetism and nuclear magnetic resonance of hectorite and montmorillonite layered silicates.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 5085
EP  - 5092
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The temperature and magnetic-field (H) dependencies of the bulk dc magnetization (M) and the M/H ratio of montmorillonite (MMT), hectorite (HCT), and synthetic mica-montmorillonite (SMMT) clays have been measured and compared with the signal intensity of 1H and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. MMT exhibits Langevin paramagnetism with an effective magnetic moment of 5.5±0.1 μB per Fe ion whereas SMMT has diamagnetic properties. At 300 K, M/H of HCT measured in a magnetic field of H<=1 kOe is larger than that of MMT, whereas in a field of 50 kOe, the inverse situation is observed. The difference arises because the magnetization of HCT is dominated by a contribution from ferromagneticlike impurities. The 1H and 29Si NMR signals of MMT are broadened beyond detectability due to the paramagnetic effect. Although HCT contains ferromagneticlike components that result in a large M/H in low field, it yields 1H and 29Si NMR spectra with signal intensities similar to those of diamagnetic SMMT. Our data highlight that the quality of the NMR spectra is not related to the low-field magnetic susceptibility but to the bulk magnetization in the high magnetic field used for NMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - MONTMORILLONITE
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 14909587; Levin, E. M. 1 Hou, S.-S. 2 Bud'ko, S. L. 1 Schmidt-Rohr, K. 3; Email Address: srohr@iastate.edu; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3160  2: Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111  3: Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 9, p5085; Subject Term: SILICATES; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: MONTMORILLONITE; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1794364
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyster, P. M.
AU  - Guo, J.
AU  - Clune, T.
AU  - Larson, J. W.
T1  - The Computational Complexity and Parallel Scalability of Atmospheric Data Assimilation Algorithms.
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 21
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1689
EP  - 1700
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 07390572
AB  - This paper quantifies the computational complexity and parallel scalability of two algorithms for four-dimensional data assimilation (4DDA) at NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO). The first, the Goddard Earth Observing System Data Assimilation System (GEOS DAS), uses an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) and an observation-space-based analysis system, the Physical-Space Statistical Analysis System (PSAS). GEOS DAS is very similar to global meteorological weather forecasting data assimilation systems but is used at NASA for climate research. The second, the Kalman filter, uses a more consistent algorithm to determine the forecast error covariance matrix than does GEOS DAS. For atmospheric assimilation, the gridded dynamical fields typically have more than 106 variables; therefore, the full error covariance matrix may be in excess of a teraword. For the Kalman filter this problem will require petaflop s-1 computing to achieve effective throughput for scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GEOPHYSICAL prediction
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL complexity
KW  - ELECTRONIC data processing
KW  - SYSTEMS design
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - WEATHER forecasting
N1  - Accession Number: 15061283; Lyster, P. M. 1,2; Email Address: lysterpe@nigms.nih.gov Guo, J. 3 Clune, T. 1 Larson, J. W. 4; Affiliation:  1: Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Laboratory for Atmospheres, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland.  2: Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, and Department of Meteorology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland.  3: Science Applications International Corporation/General Sciences Operation, Beltsville, Maryland.  4: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 21 Issue 11, p1689; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICAL prediction; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL complexity; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC data processing; Subject Term: SYSTEMS design; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: WEATHER forecasting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541990 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - LaBute, M. X.
AU  - Endres, R. G.
AU  - Cox, D. L.
T1  - An Anderson impurity model for efficient sampling of adiabatic potential energy surfaces of transition metal complexes.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 8221
EP  - 8230
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present a model intended for rapid sampling of ground and excited state potential energy surfaces for first-row transition metal active sites. The method is computationally inexpensive and is suited for dynamics simulations where (1) adiabatic states are required “on-the-fly” and (2) the primary source of the electronic coupling between the diabatic states is the perturbative spin-orbit interaction among the 3d electrons. The model Hamiltonian we develop is a variant of the Anderson impurity model and achieves efficiency through a physically motivated basis set reduction based on the large value of the d-d Coulomb interaction Ud and a Lánczos matrix diagonalization routine to solve for eigenvalues. The model parameters are constrained by fits to the partial density of states obtained from ab initio density functional theory calculations. For a particular application of our model we focus on electron transfer occurring between cobalt ions solvated by ammonium, incorporating configuration interaction between multiplet states for both metal ions. We demonstrate the capability of the method to efficiently calculate adiabatic potential energy surfaces and the electronic coupling factor we have calculated compares well to previous calculations and experiment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - EIGENVALUES
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - HAMILTONIAN systems
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14842461; LaBute, M. X. 1,2 Endres, R. G. 2,3 Cox, D. L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616.  3: Center for Computational Sciences & Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6164.; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 17, p8221; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: EIGENVALUES; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: HAMILTONIAN systems; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1795152
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hua-Jin Zhai
AU  - Kiran, Boggavarapu
AU  - Lai-Sheng Wang
T1  - Observation of Au2H- impurity in pure gold clusters and implications for the anomalous Au-Au distances in gold nanowires.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 8231
EP  - 8236
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Au2H- was recognized and confirmed as a minor contamination to typical photoelectron spectra of Au2-, produced by laser vaporization of a pure Au target using an ultrahigh purity helium carrier gas. The hydrogen source was shown to be from trace H impurities present in the bulk gold target. Carefully designed experiments using H2- and D2-seeded helium carrier gas were used to study the electronic structure of Au2H- and Au2D- using photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations. Well-resolved photoelectron spectra with vibrational resolution were obtained for Au2H- and Au2D-. Two isomers were observed both experimentally and theoretically. The ground state of Au2H- turned out to be linear with a terminal H atom [Au-Au-H]- (1A1,C∞v), whereas a linear [Au-H-Au]- (1A1,D∞h) structure with a bridging H atom was found to be a minor isomer 0.6 eV higher in energy. Calculated electron detachment energies for both isomers agree well with the experimental spectra, confirming their existence in the cluster beam. The observation and confirmation of H impurity in pure gold clusters and the 3.44 Å Au-Au distance in the [Au-H-Au]- isomer presented in the current work provide indirect experimental evidence that the anomalous 3.6 Å Au-Au distances observed in gold nanowires is due to an “invisible” hydrogen impurity atom. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 14842460; Hua-Jin Zhai 1,2 Kiran, Boggavarapu 1,2 Lai-Sheng Wang 1,2; Email Address: ls.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 17, p8231; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1802491
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hua-Jin Zhai
AU  - Jun Li
AU  - Lai-Sheng Wang
T1  - Icosahedral gold cage clusters: M@Au12- (M=V, Nb, and Ta).
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 8369
EP  - 8374
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We report the observation and characterization of a series of stable bimetallic 18-valence-electron clusters containing a highly symmetric 12-atom icosahedral Au cage with an encapsulated central heteroatom of Group VB transition metals, M@Au12- (M=V,Nb,Ta). Electronic and structural properties of these clusters were probed by anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Characteristics of the M@Au12- species include their remarkably high binding energies and relatively simple spectral features, which reflect their high symmetry and stability. The adiabatic electronic binding energies of M@Au12- were measured to be 3.70±0.03, 3.77±0.03, and 3.76±0.03 eV for M=V, Nb, and Ta, respectively. Comparison of density-functional calculations with experimental data established the highly symmetric icosahedral structures for the 18-electron cluster anions, which may be promising building blocks for cluster-assembled nanomaterials in the form of stoichiometric [M@Au12-]X+ salts. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CONDUCTION electrons
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 14842445; Hua-Jin Zhai 1,2 Jun Li 2 Lai-Sheng Wang 1,2; Email Address: ls.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352.  2: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 17, p8369; Subject Term: CONDUCTION electrons; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ATOMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1799574
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henson, B. F.
AU  - Wilson, Kevin R.
AU  - Robinson, J. M.
AU  - Noble, C. A.
AU  - Casson, J. L.
AU  - Worsnop, D. R.
T1  - Experimental isotherms of HCl on H2O ice under stratospheric conditions: Connections between bulk and interfacial thermodynamics.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 121
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 8486
EP  - 8499
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The adsorption of HCl on the surface of H2O ice has been measured at temperatures and pressures relevant to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The measured HCl surface coverage is found to be at least 100 times lower than currently assumed in models of chlorine catalyzed ozone destruction in cold regions of the upper atmosphere. Measurements were conducted in a closed system by simultaneous application of surface spectroscopy and gas phase mass spectrometry to fully characterize vapor/solid equilibrium. Surface adsorption is clearly distinguished from bulk liquid or solid phases. From 180 to 200 K, submonolayer adsorption of HCl is well described by a Bragg-Williams modified Langmuir model which includes the dissociation of HCl into H+ and Cl- ions. Furthermore, adsorption is consistent with two distinct states on the ice substrate, one in which the ions only weakly adsorb on separate sites, and another where the ions adsorb as an H+-Cl- pair on a single site with adsorption energy comparable to the bulk trihydrate. The number of substrate H2O molecules per adsorption site is also consistent with the stoichiometry of bulk hydrates under these conditions. The ionic states exist in equilibrium, and the total adsorption energy is a function of the relative population of both states. These observations and model provide a quantitative connection between the thermodynamics of the bulk and interfacial phases of HCl/H2O, and represent a consistent physicochemical model of the equilibrium system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14842430; Henson, B. F. 1; Email Address: Henson@lanl.gov Wilson, Kevin R. 1 Robinson, J. M. 1 Noble, C. A. 1 Casson, J. L. 1 Worsnop, D. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.  2: Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821.; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 17, p8486; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1803542
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wehner, Michael F.
T1  - Predicted Twenty-First-Century Changes in Seasonal Extreme Precipitation Events in the Parallel Climate Model.
JO  - Journal of Climate
JF  - Journal of Climate
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 17
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4281
EP  - 4290
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948755
AB  - Twenty-year return values of annual and seasonal maxima of daily precipitation are calculated from a set of transiently forced coupled general circulation model simulations. The magnitude and pattern of return values are found to be highly dependent on the seasonal cycle. A similar dependence is found for projected future changes in return values. The correlation between the spatial pattern of return value changes and mean precipitation changes is found to be low. Hence, the changes in mean precipitation do not provide significant information about changes in precipitation extreme values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Meteorology)
KW  - WEATHER
KW  - CLOUD physics
KW  - WATER vapor transport
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
N1  - Accession Number: 15044012; Wehner, Michael F. 1,2; Email Address: mfwehner@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  2: Corresponding author address: Dr. Michael F. Wehner, Scientific Computing Group, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 50F1650, Berkeley, CA 94720-8139.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 17 Issue 21, p4281; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: WEATHER; Subject Term: CLOUD physics; Subject Term: WATER vapor transport; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 5 Maps; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gurvits, Leonid
T1  - Classical complexity and quantum entanglement
JO  - Journal of Computer & System Sciences
JF  - Journal of Computer & System Sciences
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 69
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 448
EP  - 484
SN  - 00220000
AB  - Generalizing a decision problem for bipartite perfect matching, Edmonds (J. Res. Natl. Bur. Standards 718(4) (1967) 242) introduced the problem (now known as the Edmonds Problem) of deciding if a given linear subspace of  contains a non-singular matrix, where  stands for the linear space of complex  matrices. This problem led to many fundamental developments in matroid theory, etc.Classical matching theory can be defined in terms of matrices with non-negative entries. The notion of Positive operator, central in Quantum Theory, is a natural generalization of matrices with non-negative entries. (Here operator refers to maps from matrices to matrices.) First, we reformulate the Edmonds Problem in terms of completely positive operators, or equivalently, in terms of bipartite density matrices. It turns out that one of the most important cases when Edmonds'' problem can be solved in polynomial deterministic time, i.e. an intersection of two geometric matroids, corresponds to unentangled (aka separable) bipartite density matrices. We introduce a very general class (or promise) of linear subspaces of  on which there exists a polynomial deterministic time algorithm to solve Edmonds'' problem. The algorithm is a thoroughgoing generalization of algorithms in Linial, Samorodnitsky and Wigderson, Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, ACM, New York, 1998; Gurvits and Yianilos, and its analysis benefits from an operator analog of permanents, so-called Quantum Permanents.Finally, we prove that the weak membership problem for the convex set of separable normalized bipartite density matrices is NP-HARD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computer & System Sciences is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPLEX matrices
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ABSTRACT algebra
KW  - Complexity
KW  - Determinant
KW  - Entanglement
N1  - Accession Number: 14514291; Gurvits, Leonid 1; Email Address: gurvits@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p448; Subject Term: COMPLEX matrices; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ABSTRACT algebra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Determinant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Entanglement; Number of Pages: 37p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcss.2004.06.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cuesta, Isabel
AU  - Aschheim, Mark A.
T1  - THE USE OF SIMPLE PULSES TO ESTIMATE INELASTIC RESPONSE SPECTRA.
JO  - Journal of Earthquake Engineering
JF  - Journal of Earthquake Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 865
EP  - 893
SN  - 13632469
AB  - Inelastic response spectra are estimated for elasto-plastic SDOF systems subjected to strong earthquake ground motions by applying the strength reduction factors determined for a simple pulse to the elastic response spectrum of the ground motion. This approach relies upon similarities in the strength reduction factors computed for earthquake ground motions and for short duration pulses. The accuracy of the estimated inelastic spectra obtained using 24 simple pulse waveforms is assessed in order to identify subsets of just several pulse waveforms that are suited for this purpose. Based upon the ground motions and pulses investigated, this approach appears to be equally applicable to short and long duration ground motions and those having near-fault forward directivity features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Earthquake Engineering is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EARTHQUAKE hazard analysis
KW  - EARTHQUAKE engineering
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - EARTHQUAKES
KW  - ENGINEERING geology
KW  - SEISMOLOGY
KW  - isoductile spectra
KW  - Pulses
KW  - strength reduction factor
N1  - Accession Number: 15090575; Cuesta, Isabel 1 Aschheim, Mark A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANL, FWO-DECS, P.O. Box 1663 MS M702, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.  2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, 205 North Mathews, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 8 Issue 6, p865; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKE hazard analysis; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKE engineering; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: EARTHQUAKES; Subject Term: ENGINEERING geology; Subject Term: SEISMOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: isoductile spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulses; Author-Supplied Keyword: strength reduction factor; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, Byong-Hun
AU  - Dempsey, Brian A.
AU  - Royer, Richard A.
AU  - Burgos, William D.
T1  - Low-Temperature Oxygen Trap for Maintaining Strict Anoxic Conditions.
JO  - Journal of Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Environmental Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 130
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1407
EP  - 1410
PB  - American Society of Civil Engineers
SN  - 07339372
AB  - A low-temperature O2 trap was designed in order to achieve strict anoxic conditions. The work was motivated by observation of slow oxidation of Fe(II) in an anaerobic chamber, leading to an estimated 3.8×10-7 atmO2 (well below the O2 monitor detection limit) despite recirculation of the N2:H2 atmosphere across a Pd catalyst. Very low O2 activity inside an “anaerobic” chamber can result in erroneous conclusions regarding oxidation-reduction reactivities in anoxic environments. The O2 trap consisted of two sequential barrier suspensions with 93.2 mMFe(III) as ferric hydroxide, 0.90 mMFeCl2, and pH 8.1. The partial pressure of O2 was estimated to be less than 7.5×10-9 atm O2 when reactors were attached to the traps, based on no observed oxidation of Fe(II). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14740031; Jeon, Byong-Hun 1; Email Address: bxj114@bama.ua.edu Dempsey, Brian A. 2 Royer, Richard A. 3 Burgos, William D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Research Associate, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., 212 Sackett Bldg., University Park, PA 16802-1408. Formerly, Ph. D. candidate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., presently, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8–96, Richland, WA 99352.  2: Professor, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., 212 Sackett Bldg., University Park, PA 16802-1408.  3: Research Associate, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., 212 Sackett Bldg., University Park, PA 16802-1408.  4: Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., 212 Sackett Bldg., University Park, PA 16802-1408.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 130 Issue 11, p1407; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:11(1407)
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matsuda, Atsushi
AU  - Mayer, Kimberly M.
AU  - Forney, James D.
T1  - Identification of Single Nucleotide Mutations That Prevent Developmentally Programmed DNA Elimination in Paramecium tetraurelia.
JO  - Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
JF  - Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 664
EP  - 669
SN  - 10665234
AB  - Describes the isolation and characterization of two additional Paramecium mutants that fail to excise an internal eliminated sequences (IES) due to a single base change. Differentiation of a new somatic macronuclear genome in ciliated protozoa; Analysis of many IES; Functional importance of nucleotides within the consensus sequence in Paramecium.
KW  - PARAMECIUM
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - NUCLEOTIDE sequence
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES -- Analysis
KW  - PROTOZOA
KW  - Ciliate
KW  - IES
KW  - macronuclear development
KW  - macronucleus
KW  - mariner/Tcl
N1  - Accession Number: 15640690; Matsuda, Atsushi 1 Mayer, Kimberly M. 2 Forney, James D. 1; Email Address: forney@purdue.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 South University Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2063  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p664; Subject Term: PARAMECIUM; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDE sequence; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES -- Analysis; Subject Term: PROTOZOA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ciliate; Author-Supplied Keyword: IES; Author-Supplied Keyword: macronuclear development; Author-Supplied Keyword: macronucleus; Author-Supplied Keyword: mariner/Tcl; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farrell, Dorothy
AU  - Cheng, Yuhang
AU  - Ding, Yi
AU  - Yamamuro, Saeki
AU  - Sanchez-Hanke, Cecilia
AU  - Kao, Chi-Chang
AU  - Majetich, Sara A.
T1  - Dipolar interactions and structural coherence in iron nanoparticle arrays
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 282
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Self-assembled arrays of iron nanoparticles are characterized structurally by transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering, and magnetically by low-temperature hysteresis loops and magnetic relaxation. The differences in the magnetic properties are related to the strength of magnetic dipolar interactions and to the degree of structural ordering in the arrays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRONIC journals
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Array
KW  - Dipolar interaction
KW  - Iron
KW  - Magnetic nanoparticle
N1  - Accession Number: 15791187; Farrell, Dorothy 1 Cheng, Yuhang 1 Ding, Yi 1 Yamamuro, Saeki 2 Sanchez-Hanke, Cecilia 3 Kao, Chi-Chang 3 Majetich, Sara A. 1; Email Address: sara@cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan  3: National Synchotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 282, p1; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC journals; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Array; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dipolar interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic nanoparticle; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.04.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chinn, Douglas
AU  - Ostendorp, Peter
AU  - Haugh, Mike
AU  - Kershmann, Russell
AU  - Kurfess, Thomas
AU  - Claudet, Andre
AU  - Tucker, Thomas
T1  - Three Dimensional Imaging of LIGA-Made Microcomponents.
JO  - Journal of Manufacturing Science & Engineering
JF  - Journal of Manufacturing Science & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 813
EP  - 821
SN  - 10871357
AB  - Nickel and nickel-alloy microparts sized on the order of 5-1000 microns have been imaged in three dimensions using a new microscopic technique, Digital Volumetric Imaging (DVI). The gears were fabricated using Sandia National Laboratories' LIGA technology (lithography, molding, and electroplating). The images were taken on a microscope built by Resolution Sciences Corporation by slicing the gear into one-micron thin slices, photographing each slice, and then reconstructing the image with software. The images were matched to the original CAD (computer aided design) model, allowing LIGA designers, for the first time, to see visually how much deviation from the design is induced by the manufacturing process. Calibration was done by imaging brass ball bearings and matching them to the CAD model of a sphere. A major advantage of DVI over scanning techniques is that internal defects can be imaged to very high resolution. In order to perform the metrology operations on the microcomponents, high-speed and high-precision algorithms are developed for coordinate metrology. The algorithms are based on a least-squares approach to data registration the {X, Y,Z} point clouds generated from the component surface onto a target geometry defined in a CAD model. Both primitive geometric element analyses as well as an overall comparison of the pan geometry are discussed. initial results of the micromeasurements are presented in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Manufacturing Science & Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - COMPUTER-aided design
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - PRODUCTION engineering
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - MECHANICAL engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 16268805; Chinn, Douglas 1; Email Address: dachinn@sandia.gov Ostendorp, Peter 2 Haugh, Mike 3 Kershmann, Russell 3 Kurfess, Thomas 4 Claudet, Andre 4 Tucker, Thomas 4; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS0603 Albuquerque, NM 87185  2: Dartmouth College, HB 8000, Hanover, NH 03755  3: Resolution Sciences Corporation, 685 Northern Ave., Mill Valley, CA 94941  4: Georgia Institute of Technology, Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p813; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: COMPUTER-aided design; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: PRODUCTION engineering; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: MECHANICAL engineering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 9 Black and White Photographs, 6 Diagrams, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1812774
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hemrick, J.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, E.
AU  - Liu, Ken
AU  - Ma, Bao-Min
T1  - Mechanical properties of thermally cycled nylon bonded Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 39
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 6509
EP  - 6522
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - The effect of thermal cycling on the stress-strain behavior of polyamide (nylon) and polyphenylene-sulfide (PPS) based injection molded Nd-Fe-B magnets was investigated after test specimens were cycled between -40 and 150°C for 50, 500, or 5000 repetitions. It was found that PPS based magnets exhibit higher ultimate strengths, higher modulus and lower toughness than nylon based magnets. Furthermore, formulations containing platelet morphology particles exhibited higher strengths and modulus than those containing spherical morphology particles, with increases in particle volume fraction leading to a decrease in strength. Differences in strength, modulus, and toughness were attributed to the degree of bonding between the matrix and the magnet powder in the various formulations, the degree of crosslinking, along with the effects of powder morphology. Additionally, it was found that while the stiffness of these materials increased with thermal cycling, their toughness decreased significantly, by as much as 99%. The extent of these effects was found to be dependent on the polymer matrix, powder morphology, and volume fraction of powder in the magnet. Finally, it was found that the PPS composites showed less relative change due to thermal cycling than the Nylon composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NYLON
KW  - POLYAMIDES
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - CROSSLINKING (Polymerization)
N1  - Accession Number: 14700963; Hemrick, J. 1; Email Address: hemrickjg@ornl.gov Lara-Curzio, E. 1 Liu, Ken 1 Ma, Bao-Min 2; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Magnequench Technical Center, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 39 Issue 21, p6509; Subject Term: NYLON; Subject Term: POLYAMIDES; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: CROSSLINKING (Polymerization); NAICS/Industry Codes: 313110 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Carlson, B.C.
T1  - Symmetry in c, d, n of Jacobian elliptic functions
JO  - Journal of Mathematical Analysis & Applications
JF  - Journal of Mathematical Analysis & Applications
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 299
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 242
EP  - 253
SN  - 0022247X
AB  - The relation connecting the symmetric elliptic integral  with the Jacobian elliptic functions is symmetric in the first three of the four letters c, d, n, and s that are used in ordered pairs to name the 12 functions. A symbol , , is independent of u and allows formulas for differentiation, bisection, duplication, and addition to remain valid when c, d, and n are permuted. The five transformations of first order, which change the argument and modulus of the functions, take a unified form in which they correspond to the five nontrivial permutations of c, d, and n. There are 18 transformations of second order (including Landen''s and Gauss''s transformations) comprising three sets of six. The sets are related by permutations of the original functions cs, ds, and ns, and there are only three sets because each set is symmetric in two of these. The six second-order transformations in each set are related by first-order transformations of the transformed functions, and all 18 take a unified form. All results are derived from properties of  without invoking Weierstrass functions or theta functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Mathematical Analysis & Applications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELLIPTIC functions
KW  - COMPLEX variables
KW  - REAL variables
KW  - TRANSCENDENTAL functions
KW  - Jacobian elliptic functions
KW  - Symmetric elliptic integral
N1  - Accession Number: 14514324; Carlson, B.C. 1; Email Address: bcarlson@scl.ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory and Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, 136 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3020, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 299 Issue 1, p242; Subject Term: ELLIPTIC functions; Subject Term: COMPLEX variables; Subject Term: REAL variables; Subject Term: TRANSCENDENTAL functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Jacobian elliptic functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Symmetric elliptic integral; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmaa.2004.06.049
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Yu Seung
AU  - Hickner, Michael A.
AU  - Dong, Limin
AU  - Pivovar, Bryan S.
AU  - McGrath, James E.
T1  - Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer proton exchange membranes: composition and morphology effects on the methanol permeability
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 243
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
EP  - 326
SN  - 03767388
AB  - Abstract: Methanol permeability of directly copolymerized 4,4′-biphenol based disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers (BPSH) was investigated with reference to utility as a proton exchange membrane (PEM) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). Water uptake and dynamic mechanical analysis were coupled with previous observations that the PEM can have two functional morphological regimes, which depend on the degree of disulfonation (copolymer composition), acidification method, and hydrothermal treatment. The two regimes are observed by AFM to represent: (1) a “closed” structure where the hydrophilic copolymer chain segments essentially aggregate as isolated domains; or (2) an “open” structure where the domain connectivity of the hydrophilic phase of the copolymers is achieved. It was demonstrated that methanol permeability (25°C) of the copolymers abruptly increased at copolymer compositions and processing conditions that influenced the membrane morphology to change from a closed to a much more open structure. The activation energy in the closed structure regime, ∼20kJ/mol, was about 35% higher than that in the open regime, ∼15kJ/mol. The BPSH copolymers had higher selectivity (i.e. proton conductivity/permeability) than Nafion because of their remarkably lower methanol permeability, suggesting these materials hold promise for improved DMFC performance. Selectivity increased with the degree of disulfonation in closed structures, but decreased in the open structure regime. It is suggested that the optimum concentration of proton conducting groups for DMFC should be observed at or near the percolation threshold. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - LIQUIDS
KW  - Acidification treatment
KW  - Direct methanol fuel cells
KW  - Disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers
KW  - Ion-exchange membrane
KW  - Liquid permeability and separation
N1  - Accession Number: 19296380; Kim, Yu Seung 1 Hickner, Michael A. 2 Dong, Limin 3 Pivovar, Bryan S. 1 McGrath, James E. 4; Email Address: jmcgrath@vt.edu; Affiliation:  1: MST-11: Electronic Materials and Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd., Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia  4: Department of Chemistry and Institute for Polymeric Materials and Interfaces, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 243 Issue 1/2, p317; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: LIQUIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acidification treatment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Direct methanol fuel cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion-exchange membrane; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liquid permeability and separation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Liangxiong
AU  - Dong, Junhang
AU  - Nenoff, Tina M.
AU  - Lee, Robert
T1  - Desalination by reverse osmosis using MFI zeolite membranes
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 243
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 404
SN  - 03767388
AB  - Abstract: This paper reports an experimental study on the reverse osmosis desalination of aqueous solutions using α-alumina-supported MFI-type zeolite membranes. A Na+ rejection of 76.7% with a water flux of about 0.112kgm-2h-1 was obtained for a 0.1M NaCl feed solution under an applied pressure of 2.07MPa. For a complex feed solution containing 0.1M NaCl + 0.1M KCl + 0.1M NH4Cl + 0.1M CaCl2 + 0.1M MgCl2, rejections of Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ reached 58.1%, 62.6%, 79.9%, 80.7%, and 88.4%, respectively, with a water flux of 0.058kgm-2h-1, after 145h of operation at an applied pressure of 2.4MPa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSMOSIS
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - Desalination
KW  - Reverse osmosis
KW  - Zeolite membrane
N1  - Accession Number: 19296388; Li, Liangxiong 1,2 Dong, Junhang 1; Email Address: jhdong@nmt.edu Nenoff, Tina M. 3 Lee, Robert 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA  2: Petroleum Recovery Research Center, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA  3: Chemical and Biological Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0734, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 243 Issue 1/2, p401; Subject Term: OSMOSIS; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desalination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reverse osmosis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolite membrane; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.045
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qiu, X.-Y.
AU  - Hurt, R.A.
AU  - Wu, L.-Y.
AU  - Chen, C.-H.
AU  - Tiedje, J.M.
AU  - Zhou, J.-Z.
T1  - Detection and quantification of copper-denitrifying bacteria by quantitative competitive PCR
JO  - Journal of Microbiological Methods
JF  - Journal of Microbiological Methods
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 59
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 199
EP  - 210
SN  - 01677012
AB  - We developed a quantitative competitive PCR (QC-PCR) system to detect and quantify copper-denitrifying bacteria in environmental samples. The primers were specific to copper-dependent nitrite reductase gene (nirK). We were able to detect about 200 copeis of nirK in the presence of abundant non-specific target DNA and about 1.2×103 Pseudomonas sp. G-179 cells from one gram of sterilized soil by PCR amplification. A 312-bp nirK internal standard (IS) was constructed, which showed very similar amplification efficiency with the target nirKfragment (349 bp) over 4 orders of magnitude (103–106). The accuracy of this system was evaluated by quantifying various known amount of nirK DNA. The linear regressions were obtained with a R2 of 0.9867 for 103copies of nirK, 0.9917 for 104 copies of nirK, 0.9899 for 105 copies of nirK and 0.9846 for 106 copies of nirK. A high correlation between measured nirK and calculated nirK (slope of 1.0398, R2=0.9992) demonstrated that an accurate measurement could be achieved with this system. Using this method, we quantified nirK in several A-horizon and stream sediment samples from eastern Tennessee. In general, the abundance of nirK was in the range of 108–109 copies g soil−1 dry weight. The nirK content in the soil samples appeared correlated with NH4(N) content in the soil. The activities of copper-denitrifying bacteria were evaluated by quantifying cDNA of nirK. In most of sample examined, the content of nirK cDNA was less than 105 copies g soil−1 dry weight. Higher nirK cDNA content (>106 copies g soil−1 dry weight) was detected from both sediment samples at Rattlebox Creek and the Walker Branch West Ridge. Although the stream sediment samples at the Walker Branch West Ridge contained less half of the nirK gene content as compared to A-horizon sample, the activities of copper-denitrifying bacteria were almost 600 times higher than in the A-horizon sample. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microbiological Methods is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENITRIFYING bacteria
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - Copper-denitrifying bacteria
KW  - Denitrification
KW  - Quantitative competitive PCR
N1  - Accession Number: 14429376; Qiu, X.-Y. 1 Hurt, R.A. 2 Wu, L.-Y. 1 Chen, C.-H. 3 Tiedje, J.M. 1 Zhou, J.-Z.; Email Address: zhouj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, United States  3: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O.Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6378, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 59 Issue 2, p199; Subject Term: DENITRIFYING bacteria; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper-denitrifying bacteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Denitrification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantitative competitive PCR; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mimet.2004.07.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14429376&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Szanyi
AU  - J.
AU  - Kwak
AU  - J. H.
AU  - Moline
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Peden
AU  - C. H. F.
T1  - Adsorption, Coadsorption, and Reaction of Acetaldehyde and NO2 on Na-Y,FAU:  An In Situ FTIR Investigation.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 108
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 17050
EP  - 17058
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The adsorption of acetaldehyde and its coadsorption and reaction with NO2 were investigated on a Na-Y,FAU zeolite using in situ FTIR spectroscopy. Acetaldehyde adsorbs strongly over Na-Y and desorbs molecularly at around 400 K with very limited extent of condensation or polymerization. Reaction between CH3CHO and NO2 takes place in coadsorption experiments even at 300 K. In the initial step, acetaldehyde is oxidized to acetic acid accompanied by the formation of NO, which can be observed as N2O3 formed via a further reaction between NO and NO2. The key intermediates in the overall NOx reduction in this process are nitromethane and, possibly, nitrosomethane, which form in the next step. Their decomposition and further reaction with adsorbed NOx species lead to the formation of HCN, HNCO, N2O, CO2, and organic nitrile species identified by their characteristic IR vibrational signatures. At 473 K, the reaction between adsorbed CH3CHO and NO2 is very fast. The results seem to suggest a mechanism in which N-N bond formation takes place among ionic nitrogen containing species (NO+ and CN- or NCO-). No evidence has been found to suggest the participation of NHx+NOy- type species in the N-N bond formation under the experimental conditions of this study, although their role in the overall N2 formation process cannot be ruled out under realistic catalytic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETALDEHYDE
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15995128; Szanyi J. 1 Kwak J. H. 1 Moline R. A. 1 Peden C. H. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 44, p17050; Subject Term: ACETALDEHYDE; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Gent, Peter R.
T1  - Anisotropic Gent–McWilliams Parameterization for Ocean Models.
JO  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
JF  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2541
EP  - 2564
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00223670
AB  - An anisotropic generalization of the Gent–McWilliams (GM) parameterization is presented for eddy-induced tracer transport and diffusion in ocean models, and it is implemented in an ocean general circulation model using a functional formalism to derive the spatial discretization. This complements the anisotropic viscosity parameterization recently developed by Smith and McWilliams. The anisotropic GM operator is potentially useful in both coarse- and high-resolution ocean models, and in this study the focus is on its application in high-resolution eddying solutions, for which it provides an adiabatic alternative to the more commonly used biharmonic horizontal diffusion operators. It is shown that realistically high levels of eddy energy can be simulated using harmonic anisotropic diffusion and friction operators. Isotropic forms can also be used, but these tend either to overly damp the solution when a large diffusion coefficient is used or to introduce unacceptable levels of numerical noise when a small coefficient is used. A series of numerical simulations of the North Atlantic Ocean are conducted at 0.2° resolution using anisotropic viscosity, anisotropic GM, and biharmonic mixing operators to investigate the effects of the anisotropic forms and to isolate changes in the solutions specifically associated with anisotropic GM. A high-resolution 0.1° simulation is then conducted using both anisotropic forms, and the results are compared with a similar run using biharmonic mixing. Modest improvements are seen in the mean wind-driven circulation with the anisotropic forms, but the largest effects are due to the anisotropic GM parameterization, which eliminates the spurious diapycnal diffusion inherent in horizontal tracer diffusion. This leads to significant improvements in the model thermohaline circulation, including the meridional heat transport, meridional overturning circulation, and deep-water formation and convection in the Labrador Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Anisotropy
KW  - Diffusion
KW  - General circulation model
KW  - Circulation models
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Earth sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 15285894; Smith, Richard D. 1; Gent, Peter R. 2; Email Address: gent@ucar.edu; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; 2: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p2541; Thesaurus Term: Anisotropy; Thesaurus Term: Diffusion; Thesaurus Term: General circulation model; Thesaurus Term: Circulation models; Thesaurus Term: Oceanography; Thesaurus Term: Earth sciences; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
AU  - Gent, Peter R.
T1  - Anisotropic Gent–McWilliams Parameterization for Ocean Models.
JO  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
JF  - Journal of Physical Oceanography
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2541
EP  - 2564
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00223670
AB  - An anisotropic generalization of the Gent–McWilliams (GM) parameterization is presented for eddy-induced tracer transport and diffusion in ocean models, and it is implemented in an ocean general circulation model using a functional formalism to derive the spatial discretization. This complements the anisotropic viscosity parameterization recently developed by Smith and McWilliams. The anisotropic GM operator is potentially useful in both coarse- and high-resolution ocean models, and in this study the focus is on its application in high-resolution eddying solutions, for which it provides an adiabatic alternative to the more commonly used biharmonic horizontal diffusion operators. It is shown that realistically high levels of eddy energy can be simulated using harmonic anisotropic diffusion and friction operators. Isotropic forms can also be used, but these tend either to overly damp the solution when a large diffusion coefficient is used or to introduce unacceptable levels of numerical noise when a small coefficient is used. A series of numerical simulations of the North Atlantic Ocean are conducted at 0.2° resolution using anisotropic viscosity, anisotropic GM, and biharmonic mixing operators to investigate the effects of the anisotropic forms and to isolate changes in the solutions specifically associated with anisotropic GM. A high-resolution 0.1° simulation is then conducted using both anisotropic forms, and the results are compared with a similar run using biharmonic mixing. Modest improvements are seen in the mean wind-driven circulation with the anisotropic forms, but the largest effects are due to the anisotropic GM parameterization, which eliminates the spurious diapycnal diffusion inherent in horizontal tracer diffusion. This leads to significant improvements in the model thermohaline circulation, including the meridional heat transport, meridional overturning circulation, and deep-water formation and convection in the Labrador Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - GENERAL circulation model
KW  - CIRCULATION models
KW  - OCEANOGRAPHY
KW  - EARTH sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 15285894; Smith, Richard D. 1 Gent, Peter R. 2; Email Address: gent@ucar.edu; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico  2: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 11, p2541; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: GENERAL circulation model; Subject Term: CIRCULATION models; Subject Term: OCEANOGRAPHY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koch, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Haan, Steven W.
AU  - Mancini, Roberto C.
T1  - Multispectral imaging of continuum emission for determination of temperature and density profiles inside implosion plasmas
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
JF  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 88
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 433
EP  - 445
SN  - 00224073
AB  - In inertial confinement fusion experiments, implosion of a cryogenic hydrogen isotope-filled capsule produces a plasma with a high-temperature, low-density core (the hot spot) surrounded by a low-temperature, high-density main fuel layer. Experimental measurements of temperature and density profiles in the hot spot are critical for implosion diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a simple technique for measuring core temperature and density profiles in cryogenic implosion plasmas. This technique uses absolutely calibrated continuum emission spectroscopy coupled with two-dimensional imaging to allow temperature and density profiles to be measured directly. We develop the technique analytically, and validate it using synthetic data and hydrodynamics simulation results. We find that the technique should be sufficiently accurate to measure central temperatures and densities to better than 20%. The technique may also find application to the diagnosis of other types of plasmas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
KW  - ICF
KW  - Imaging
KW  - Spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 13954984; Koch, Jeffrey A.; Email Address: koch1@llnl.gov Haan, Steven W. 1 Mancini, Roberto C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-481, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Nevada/Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 88 Issue 4, p433; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: ICF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.05.043
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=13954984&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Berg, Dale E.
T1  - Editorial.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 969
EP  - 970
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Introduces a special issue on wind energy. Performance of the wind energy industry in 2003; Impact of Shell WindEnergy Inc. and General Electric Wind Energy on the wind-energy industry; Developments that indicate the maturing of the wind industry; Change in the way wind-turbines are advertised.
KW  - WIND power
KW  - WIND power industry
KW  - RENEWABLE energy sources
KW  - POWER resources
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - SHELL WindEnergy Inc.
N1  - Accession Number: 15463044; Berg, Dale E. 1; Affiliation:  1: JSEE Associate Editor (Wind Energy) Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexico; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p969; Subject Term: WIND power; Subject Term: WIND power industry; Subject Term: RENEWABLE energy sources; Subject Term: POWER resources; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Company/Entity: SHELL WindEnergy Inc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Migliore, Paul
AU  - Oerlemans, Siefan
T1  - Wind Tunnel Aeroacoustic Tests of Six Airfoils for Use on Small Wind Turbines.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 974
EP  - 985
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Aeroacoustic tests of seven airfoils were performed in an open jet anechoic wind tunnel. Six of the airfoils are candidates for use on small wind turbines operating at low Reynolds numbers. One airfoil was tested for comparison to benchmark data. Tests were conducted with and without boundary layer tripping. In some cases, a turbulence grid was placed upstream in the test section to investigate inflow turbulence noise. An array of 48 microphones was used to locate noise sources and separate airfoil noise from extraneous tunnel noise. Trailing-edge noise was dominant for all airfoils in clean tunnel flow. With the boundary layer untripped, several airfoils exhibited pure tones that disappeared after proper tripping was applied. In the presence of inflow turbulence, leading-edge noise was dominant for all airfoils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROFOILS
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - WIND tunnels
KW  - SOUND
KW  - NOISE
KW  - REYNOLDS number
N1  - Accession Number: 15463046; Migliore, Paul 1; Email Address: paul_migliore@nrel.gov Oerlemans, Siefan 2; Email Address: stefan@nlr.nl; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Wind Technology Center, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401  2: National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Department of Aeroacoustics, RD. Box153, 8300 AD Emmeloord, The Netherlands; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p974; Subject Term: AEROFOILS; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: WIND tunnels; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: REYNOLDS number; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 20 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1790535
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schreck, S.
AU  - Robinson, M.
T1  - Tip Speed Ratio Influences on Rotationally Augmented Boundary Layer Topology and Aerodynamic Force Generation.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1025
EP  - 1033
SN  - 01996231
AB  - Under zero yaw conditions, rotational effects substantially and routinely augment HAWT blade aerodynamic response. To better comprehend the fluid dynamic mechanisms under- lying this phenomenon, time dependent blade surface pressure data were acquired from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment (UAE), a full-scale HAWT tested in the NASA Ames 80 ft × 120 ft wind tunnel. These surface pressure data were processed to obtain normal force and flow field topology data. Further analyses were carried out in a manner that allowed tip speed ratio effects to be isolated from other confounding influences. Results showed clear correlations between normal forces, flow field topologies, and tip speed ratios. These relationships changed significantly at different blade radial locations, pointing to the complex three-dimensional flow physics present on rotating HAWT blades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HORIZONTAL axis wind turbines
KW  - BLADES (Hydraulic machinery)
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SPEED
KW  - WIND turbines
N1  - Accession Number: 15463051; Schreck, S. 1 Robinson, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Research Division, NREL's National Wind Technology Center, Golden, CO 80401; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p1025; Subject Term: HORIZONTAL axis wind turbines; Subject Term: BLADES (Hydraulic machinery); Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SPEED; Subject Term: WIND turbines; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1793209
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15463051&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - White, Darris L.
AU  - Musial, Walt D.
T1  - The Effect of Load Phase Angle on Wind Turbine Blade Fatigue Damage.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1050
EP  - 1059
SN  - 01996231
AB  - This paper examines the importance of load phase angle variations on fatigue damage and evaluates the potential effects of varying the load phase angle during, dual-axis constant amplitude fatigue testing. The scope of this paper is limited to results from simulated wind and dynamic loads. The operating loads on a generic three bladed up- wind 1.5 MW wind turbine blade were analyzed over a range of operating conditions, and an aggregate probability distribution for the actual phase angles between the peak in- plane (lead-lag) and peak out-of-plane (flap) loads was determined. Using a finite element model (FEM) of the 1.5 MW blade and Miner's Rule [Miner, A., 1945, "Cumulative Damage in Fatigue," Trans. ASME, 67], the accumulated theoretical fatigue damage (based on axial strains) resulting from a fatigue test with variable phase angles using the aggregate distribution was compared to the damage resulting from a fatigue test with a constant phase angle. The FEM nodal damage distribution at specific blade cross sections were compared for the constant and variable phase angle cases. Single-node stress concentrations were distributed arbitrarily around one cross section to simulate material defects in a blade undergoing testing. Results show that the variable phase angle case results in higher damage on the critical nodes. In addition, the probability of discovering a material defect during a test was substantially increased when variable phase loading was used. The effect of phase angle sequence on the damage accumulation was also considered. For this analysis, the finite element results were processed using a nonlinear damage accumulation model. Results show that the sequence of the phase angle can have a large effect on the fatigue damage, and multiple, shorter length sequences produce higher damage than a single, long term sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - BLADES (Hydraulic machinery)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - TURBINES
KW  - WIND power
N1  - Accession Number: 15463054; White, Darris L. 1; Email Address: darris_wbite@nrel.gov Musial, Walt D. 1; Email Address: walter_musial@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p1050; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: BLADES (Hydraulic machinery); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: TURBINES; Subject Term: WIND power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1800533
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15463054&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saranyasoontorn, Korn
AU  - Manuel, Lance
AU  - Veers, Paul S.
T1  - A Comparison of Standard Coherence Models for Inflow Turbulence With Estimates from Field Measurements.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1069
EP  - 1082
SN  - 01996231
AB  - The Long-term Inflow and Structural Test (LIST) program, managed by Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, is gathering inflow and structural response data on a modified version of the Micon 65/13 wind turbine at a site near Bushland, Texas. With the objective of establishing correlations between structural response and inflow, previous studies have employed regression and other dependency analyses to attempt to relate loads to various inflow parameters. With these inflow parameters that may be thought of as single-point-in-space statistics that ignore the spatial nature of the inflow, no significant correlation was identified between load levels and any single inflow parameter or even any set of such parameters, beyond the mean and standard deviation of the hub- height horizontal wind speed. Accordingly, here, we examine spatial statistics in the measured inflow of the LIST turbine by estimating the coherence for the three turbulence components (along-wind, across-wind, and vertical). We examine coherence spectra for both lateral and vertical separations and use the available ten-minute time series of the three components at several locations. The data obtained from spatial arrays on three main towers located upwind from the test turbine as well as on two additional towers on either side of the main towers consist of 291 ten-minute records. Details regarding estimation of the coherence functions from limited data are discussed. Comparisons with standard coherence models available in the literature and provided in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) guidelines are also discussed. It is found that the Davenport exponential coherence model may not be appropriate especially for modeling the coherence of the vertical turbulence component since it fails to account for reductions in coherence at low frequencies and over large separations. Results also show that the Mann uniform shear turbulence model predicts coherence spectra for all turbulence components and for different lateral separations better than the isotropic von Kármán model. Finally, on studying the cross-coherence among pairs of turbulence components based on field data, it is found that the coherence observed between along-wind and vertical turbulence components is not predicted by the isotropic von Kármán model while the Mann model appears to overestimate this cross-coherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - TURBINES
KW  - WIND power
KW  - TEXAS
KW  - Coherence
KW  - Inflow
KW  - Turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 15463056; Saranyasoontorn, Korn 1 Manuel, Lance 1 Veers, Paul S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 USA  2: Wind Energy Technology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p1069; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: TURBINES; Subject Term: WIND power; Subject Term: TEXAS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coherence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inflow; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 48 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1797978
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15463056&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, Alan D.
AU  - Balas, Mark J.
T1  - Design of Controls to Attenuate Loads in the Controls Advanced Research Turbine.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1083
EP  - 1091
SN  - 01996231
AB  - The wind industry seeks to design wind turbines to maximize energy production and increase fatigue life. To achieve this goal, we must design wind turbines to extract maximum energy and reduce component and system loads. This paper applies modern state- space control design methods to a two-bladed teetering-hub upwind machine located at the National Wind Technology Center. The design objective is to regulate turbine speed in region 3 (above rated wind speed) and enhance damping in several low-damped flexible modes of the turbine. The controls approach is based on the Disturbance Accommodating Control method and provides accountability for wind-speed disturbances. First, controls are designed with the single control input rotor collective pitch to stabilize the first drive-train torsion as well as the tower first fore-aft bending modes. Generator torque is then incorporated as an additional control input. This reduces some of the demand placed on the rotor collective pitch control system and enhances first drive train torsion mode damping. individual blade pitch control is then used to attenuate wind disturbances having spatial variation over the rotor and effectively reduces blade flap deflections caused by wind shear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines -- Design & construction
KW  - WIND power
KW  - TURBINES
KW  - STATE-space methods
KW  - WIND speed
KW  - WIND shear
N1  - Accession Number: 15463057; Wright, Alan D. 1; Email Address: Alan_wright@nrel.gov Balas, Mark J. 2; Email Address: Mark.balas@colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401  2: AIAA Fellow, Department of Aerospace Engineering Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0429; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p1083; Subject Term: WIND turbines -- Design & construction; Subject Term: WIND power; Subject Term: TURBINES; Subject Term: STATE-space methods; Subject Term: WIND speed; Subject Term: WIND shear; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 16 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1792654
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15463057&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Kathryn E.
AU  - Fingersh, Lee J.
AU  - Balas, Mark J.
AU  - Pao, Lucy Y.
T1  - Methods for Increasing Region 2 Power Capture on a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine.
JO  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
JF  - Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1092
EP  - 1100
SN  - 01996231
AB  - The standard region 2 control scheme for a variable-speed wind turbine, τc = Kω², has several shortcomings that can result in significant power loss. The first of these is that there is no accurate way to determine the gain K; modeling programs are not accurate enough to represent all of the complex aerodynamics, and these aerodynamics change over time. Furthermore, it is not certain whether the value of K used in the standard control even provides for the maximum energy capture under real-world turbulent conditions. We introduce new control methods to address these issues. First, we show in simulation that using smaller values of K than the standard can result in increased energy capture. Second, we give simulation results showing that an optimally tracking rotor control scheme can improve upon the standard scheme by assisting the rotor speed in tracking wind-speed fluctuations more rapidly. Finally, we propose an adaptive control scheme that allows for maximum power capture despite parameter uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solar Energy Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIND turbines
KW  - TURBINES
KW  - WIND power
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
KW  - ADAPTIVE control systems
KW  - TURBULENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 15463058; Johnson, Kathryn E. 1; Email Address: kathryn_johnson@nrel.gov Fingersh, Lee J. 1; Email Address: lee_fingersh@nrel.gov Balas, Mark J. 2; Email Address: markbalas@colorado.edu Pao, Lucy Y. 3; Email Address: pao@colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, MS 3811, Golden, CD 80401-3393  2: Aerospace Engineering, University of Colorado, 429 UCB: Boulder, CD 80309  3: Electrical Engineering, University of Colorado, 425 (JCB, Boulder, CO 80309; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p1092; Subject Term: WIND turbines; Subject Term: TURBINES; Subject Term: WIND power; Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Subject Term: ADAPTIVE control systems; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221115 Wind Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221119 Other electric power generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1792653
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - MacDowell, Alastair A.
AU  - Celestre, Rich S.
AU  - Howells, Malcolm
AU  - McKinney, Wayne
AU  - Krupnick, James
AU  - Cambie, Daniella
AU  - Domning, Edward E.
AU  - Duarte, Robert M.
AU  - Kelez, Nicholas
AU  - Plate, David W.
AU  - Cork, Carl W.
AU  - Earnest, Thomas N.
AU  - Dickert, Jeffery
AU  - Meigs, George
AU  - Ralston, Cone
AU  - Holton, James M.
AU  - Alber, Tom
AU  - Berger, James M.
AU  - Agarde, David A.
AU  - Padmorea, Howard A.
T1  - Suite of three protein crystallography beamlines with single superconducting bend magnet as the source.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 455
SN  - 09090495
AB  - At the Advanced Light Source, three protein crystallography beamlines have been built that use as a source one of the three 6 T single-pole superconducting bending magnets (superbends) that were recently installed in the ring. The use of such single-pole super-conducting bend magnets enables the development of a hard X-ray program on a relatively low-energy 1.9 GeV ring without taking up insertion-device straight sections. The source is of relatively low power but, owing to the small electron beam emittance, it has high brightness. X-ray optics are required to preserve the brightness and to match the illumination requirements for protein crystallography. This was achieved by means of a collimating premirror bent to a plane parabola, a double-crystal monochromator followed by a toroidal mirror that focuses in the horizontal direction with a 2:1 demagnification. This optical arrangement partially balances aberrations from the collimating and toroidal mirrors such that a tight focused spot size is achieved. The optical properties of the beamline are an excellent match to those required by the small protein crystals that are typically measured. The design and performance of these new beamlines are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING magnets
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - X-ray optics
KW  - double-crystal monochromator
KW  - invar mirror
KW  - protein crystallography
KW  - superbend
KW  - X-ray beamline
N1  - Accession Number: 15252274; MacDowell, Alastair A. 1; Email Address: aamacdowell@lbl.gov Celestre, Rich S. 1 Howells, Malcolm 1 McKinney, Wayne 1 Krupnick, James 1 Cambie, Daniella 2 Domning, Edward E. 2 Duarte, Robert M. 2 Kelez, Nicholas 2 Plate, David W. 2 Cork, Carl W. 3 Earnest, Thomas N. 3 Dickert, Jeffery 3 Meigs, George 3 Ralston, Cone 3 Holton, James M. 3,4 Alber, Tom 4 Berger, James M. 4 Agarde, David A. 5 Padmorea, Howard A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclofron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Physical Biosciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Depanment of Molecular and Cell Biology, 229 Stanley Hall, University of Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Biochemistry Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p447; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOIDS (Botany); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING magnets; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: X-ray optics; Author-Supplied Keyword: double-crystal monochromator; Author-Supplied Keyword: invar mirror; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: superbend; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray beamline; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049504024835
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15252274&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chesnel, K.
AU  - Van Der Laan, G.
AU  - Livet, F.
AU  - Beutier, G.
AU  - Marty, A.
AU  - Belakhovsky, M.
AU  - Haznar, A.
AU  - Collins, S.P.
T1  - Hysteresis effect in FePd magnetic stripes studied by coherent soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
EP  - 475
SN  - 09090495
AB  - An FePd thin film sample, showing magnetic stripe domains as imaged by magnetic force microscopy, has been measured by soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering in reflection geometry. Illumination with coherent radiation, produced by inserting a 20 µm pinhole in front of the sample, leads to a magnetic speckle pattern in the scattered intensity that gives access to the domain morphology. Application of an in-plane magnetic field for a few seconds gives a strong change in the observed intensity fluctuations, which indicates a large degree of variation between the two patterns taken before and after field exposure. From the speckle pattern we calculate a degree of coherence of β = 0.5 for the incident beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - MAGNETIC force microscopy
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - SPECKLE
KW  - DIFFRACTION patterns
KW  - magnetic speckle
KW  - nanostructu res
KW  - X-ray resonant magnetic scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 15252277; Chesnel, K. 1,2; Email Address: kchesnel@lbl.gov Van Der Laan, G. 3 Livet, F. 4 Beutier, G. 2 Marty, A. 2 Belakhovsky, M. 2 Haznar, A. 3,5 Collins, S.P. 3,6; Affiliation:  1: ALS Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: DRFMC, CEA-Grenoble, 17 a venue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France  3: Magnetic Spectroscopy, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD, UK  4: LTPCM ENSEEG-Domaine Universitaire, BP 75, 38402 Saint- Martin d'Hères, France  5: Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, P0 Box 1410, Wroclaw, Poland  6: Diamond Light Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX1 1 0QX, UK; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p469; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: MAGNETIC force microscopy; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SPECKLE; Subject Term: DIFFRACTION patterns; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic speckle; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanostructu res; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray resonant magnetic scattering; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 9 Color Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 101107/S090904950402309X
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15252277&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Deb, Aniruddha
AU  - Bergmann, Uwe
AU  - Cairns, Elton J.
AU  - Cramer, S.P.
T1  - X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the Li[subx]FePO[sub4] cathode during cycling using a novel electrochemical in situ reaction cell.
JO  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF  - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
EP  - 504
SN  - 09090495
AB  - The extraction and insertion of lithium in LiFePO4 has been investigated in practical Li-ion intercalation electrodes for Li-ion batteries using Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). A versatile electrochemical in situ reaction cell was utilized, specifically designed for long-term X-ray experiments on battery electrodes during the lithium-extraction/insertion process in electrode materials for Li-ion batteries. The electrode contained about 7.7 mg of LiFePO4 on a 20 µm-thick Al foil. In order to determine the charge compensation mechanism and structural perturbations occurring in the system during cycling, in situ X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (XAFS) measurements were conducted on the cell at a moderate rate using typical Li-ion battery operating voltages (3.0-4.1 V versus Li/Li+). XAS studies of the LiFePO4 electrode measured at the initial state (LiFePO4) showed iron to be in the Fe(H) state corresponding to the initial state (0.0 mAh) of the battery, whereas in the delithiated state (FePO4) iron was found to be in the Fe(III) state corresponding to the final charged state (3 mAh) of the battery. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) region of the XAS spectra revealed a high-spin configuration for the two states [Fe(II), d6 and Fe(III), d5]. The XAFS data analysis confirmed that the olivine structure of the LiFePO4 and FePO4 is retained by the electrodes, which is in agreement with the X-ray diffraction observations on these compounds. The XAFS data that were collected continuously during cycling revealed details about the response of the cathode to Li insertion and extraction. These measurements on the LiFePO4 cathode show that the material retains good structural short-range order leading to superior cycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - LITHIUM compounds
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - electrochemistry
KW  - electrode materials
KW  - in situ cell
KW  - lithium-ion battery
KW  - lithium-ion insertion/extraction
KW  - X-ray absorption spetroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15252283; Deb, Aniruddha 1; Email Address: adeb@lbl.gov Bergmann, Uwe 2 Cairns, Elton J. 1,3 Cramer, S.P. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park CA 94025, USA  3: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA  4: Physical Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Department of Applied Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 6, p497; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: LITHIUM compounds; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: electrode materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: in situ cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: lithium-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: lithium-ion insertion/extraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray absorption spetroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 4 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0909049504024641
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15252283&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sutin, Alexander M.
AU  - TenCate, James A.
AU  - Johnson, Paul A.
T1  - Single-channel time reversal in elastic solids.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 116
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2779
EP  - 2784
SN  - 00014966
AB  - Reverberant volume time reversal in 3D elastic solids (doped glass and Berea sandstone! using a single channel are presented. In spite of large numbers of mode conversions (compressional to shear wave conversions at the walls), time reversal works extremely well, providing very good spatial and time focusing of elastic waves. Ceramics were bonded to the surface as sources (100-700 kHz); a broadband laser vibrometer (dc-1.5 MHz) was used as detector. Temporal and spatial time-reversal focusing are frequency dependent and depend on the dissipation characteristics of the medium. Doped glass (inverse dissipation Q between 2000 to 3000) shows time-reversed spatial focal resolution at about half of the shear wavelength. The Berea sandstone (Q550) yields a wider focusing width (a bit more than the shear wavelength) due to its lower Q. Focusing in the doped glass is better because the time-reversal (virtual) array created by wave reflections is larger than in the highly attenuating sandstone. These are the first results reported in granular media, and are a first step toward geophysical and field applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - ELASTIC waves
KW  - SOUND
KW  - CERAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 20548808; Sutin, Alexander M. 1; Email Address: asutin@stevens-tech.edu TenCate, James A. 2; Email Address: tencate@lanl.gov Johnson, Paul A. 2; Email Address: paj@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Davidson Laboratory, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030  2: Geophysics, MS D443, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 116 Issue 5, p2779; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: ELASTIC waves; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: CERAMICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1802676
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - 
AU  - Swift, G. W.1, swift@lanl.gov
AU  - Backhaus, S.1
T1  - A resonant, self-pumped, circulating thermoacoustic heat exchanger.
JO  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
JF  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
J1  - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
PY  - 2004/11//
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 116
IS  - 5
CP  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 2923
EP  - 2938
SN  - 00014966
AB  - An asymmetrical constriction in a pipe functions as an imperfect gas diode for acoustic oscillations in the pipe. One or more gas diodes in a loop of pipe create substantial mean flow, approximately proportional to the amplitude of the oscillations. Measurements of wave shape, time-averaged pressure distribution, mass flow, and acoustic power dissipation are presented for a two-diode loop. Analysis of the phenomena is complicated because both the mean flow and the acoustic flow are turbulent and each affects the other significantly. The quasi-steady approximation yields results in rough agreement with the measurements. Acoustically driven heat-transfer loops based on these phenomena may provide useful heat transfer external to thermoacoustic and Stirling engines and refrigerators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
KW  - Architectural acoustics
KW  - Heat exchangers
KW  - Transmission of sound
KW  - Sound waves
KW  - Resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 20548823; Authors: Swift, G. W. 1 Email Address: swift@lanl.gov; Backhaus, S. 1; Affiliations:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Subject: Heat exchangers; Subject: Transmission of sound; Subject: Architectural acoustics; Subject: Sound waves; Subject: Resonance; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Record Type: Article
L3  - 10.1121/1.1804634
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - asu
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwartz, Stephen E.
T1  - Uncertainty Requirements in Radiative Forcing of Climate Change.
JO  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
JF  - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association)
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 54
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1351
EP  - 1359
PB  - Air & Waste Management Association
SN  - 10962247
AB  - The continuing increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) makes it essential that climate sensitivity, the equilibrium change in global mean surface temperature that would result from a given radiative forcing, be quantified with known uncertainty. Present estimates are quite uncertain, 3 ± 1.5 K for doubling of CO2. Model studies examining climate response to forcing by greenhouse gases and aerosols exhibit large differences in sensitivities and imposed aerosol forcings that raise questions regarding claims of their having reproduced observed large-scale changes in surface temperature over the 20th century. Present uncertainty in forcing, caused largely by uncertainty in forcing by aerosols, precludes meaningful model evaluation by comparison with observed global temperature change or empirical determination of climate sensitivity. Uncertainty in aerosol forcing must be reduced at least three-fold for uncertainty in climate sensitivity to be meaningfully reduced and bounded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Air & Waste Management Association) is the property of Air & Waste Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric carbon dioxide
KW  - Atmospheric chemistry
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
N1  - Accession Number: 14924643; Schwartz, Stephen E. 1; Email Address: ses@bnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Atmospheric Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 54 Issue 11, p1351; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric chemistry; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leavell, Michael D.
AU  - Novak, Petr
AU  - Behrens, Christopher R.
AU  - Schoeniger, Joseph S.
AU  - Kruppa, Gary H.
T1  - Strategy for selective chemical cross-linking of tyrosine and lysine residues
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 15
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1604
EP  - 1611
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Chemical cross-linking of proteins combined with mass spectral analysis is a powerful technique that can be utilized to yield protein structural information, such as the spatial arrangement of multi-protein complexes or the folding of monomeric proteins. The succinimidyl ester cross-linking reagents are commonly used to cross-link primary amine-containing amino acids (N-terminus and lysine). However, in this study they were used to react with tyrosines as well, which allowed for the formation of cross-links between two primary amines, one primary amine and one tyrosine, or two tyrosines. This result is extremely important to the chemical cross-linking community for two reasons: (1) all possible cross-linked residues must be considered when analyzing data from these experiments to generate correct distance constraints and structural information, and (2) utilizing the versatility of these cross-linking reagents allows more information content to be generated from a single cross-linking reagent, which may increase the number of cross-links obtained in the experiment. Herein, we study the reactivity of the succinimidyl ester labeling and cross-linking reagents with angiotensin I and oxidized insulin β-chain. Using the succinimidyl acetate labeling reagent, the reactivity of the N-terminus was found to be greater than either lysine or tyrosine. However, a selectivity of the cross-linking reagent was observed for either tyrosine or lysine depending on the pH of the reaction solution. In acidic pH, it was observed that tyrosine was more reactive, while in alkaline pH lysine was more reactive. Exploiting this selectivity predominantly N-terminus-tyrosine or tyrosine-tyrosine cross-links were favored at acidic pH, while N-terminus-tyrosine or tyrosine-lysine cross-links were favored at alkaline pH. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 14872066; Leavell, Michael D. 1 Novak, Petr 1 Behrens, Christopher R. 1 Schoeniger, Joseph S. 1 Kruppa, Gary H.; Email Address: gkruppa@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 15 Issue 11, p1604; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: TYROSINE; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.07.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tolmachev, Aleksey V.
AU  - Vilkov, Andrey N.
AU  - Bogdanov, Bogdan
AU  - Pǎsa-Tolić, Ljiljana
AU  - Masselon, Christophe D.
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Collisional activation of ions in RF ion traps and ion guides: The effective ion temperature treatment
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 15
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1616
EP  - 1628
SN  - 10440305
AB  - Ion transfer and storage using inhomogeneous radio frequency (RF) electric fields in combination with gas-assisted ion cooling and focusing constitutes one of the basic techniques in mass spectrometry today. The RF motion of ions in the bath gas environment involves a large number of ion-neutral collisions that leads to the internal activation of ions and their effective “heating” (when a thermal distribution of internal energies results). The degree of ion activation required in various applications may range from a minimum level (e.g., slightly raising the average internal energy) to an intense level resulting in ion fragmentation. Several research groups proposed using the effective temperature as a measure of ion activation under conditions of multiple ion-neutral collisions. Here we present approximate relationships for the effective ion temperature relevant to typical operation modes of RF multipole devices. We show that RF ion activation results in near-thermal energies for ions occupying an equilibrium position at the center of an RF trap, whereas increased ion activation can be produced by shifting ions off-center, e.g., by means of an external DC electric field. The ion dissociation in the linear quadrupole ion trap using the dipolar DC ion activation has been observed experimentally and interpreted in terms of the effective ion temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - IONS
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 14872068; Tolmachev, Aleksey V. 1 Vilkov, Andrey N. 1 Bogdanov, Bogdan 1 Pǎsa-Tolić, Ljiljana 1 Masselon, Christophe D. 1 Smith, Richard D.; Email Address: rds@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 15 Issue 11, p1616; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.07.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McFarlane, Sally A.
AU  - Evans, K. Franklin
T1  - Clouds and Shortwave Fluxes at Nauru. Part II: Shortwave Flux Closure.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 61
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 2602
EP  - 2615
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - The datasets currently being collected by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program on the islands of Nauru and Manus represent the longest time series of ground-based cloud measurements in the tropical western Pacific region. In this series of papers, a shortwave flux closure study is presented using observations collected at the Nauru site between June 1999 and May 2000. The first paper presented frequency of occurrence of nonprecipitating clouds detected by the millimeter-wavelength cloud radar (MMCR) at Nauru and statistics of their retrieved microphysical properties. This paper presents estimates of the cloud radiative effect over the study period and results from a closure study in which retrieved cloud properties are input to a radiative transfer model and the modeled surface fluxes are compared to observations. The average surface shortwave cloud radiative forcing is 48.2 W m-2, which is significantly smaller than the cloud radiative forcing estimates found during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) field project. The difference in the estimates during the two periods is due to the variability in cloud amount over Nauru during different phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). In the closure study, modeled and observed surface fluxes show large differences at short time scales, due to the temporal and spatial variability of the clouds observed at Nauru. Averaging over 60 min reduces the average root-mean-square difference in total flux to 10% of the observed flux. Modeled total downwelling fluxes are unbiased with respect to the observed fluxes while direct fluxes are underestimated and diffuse fluxes are overestimated. Examination of the differences indicates that cloud amount derived from the ground-based measurements is an overestimate of the radiatively important cloud amount due to the anisotropy of the cloud field at Nauru, interpolation of the radar data, uncertainty in the microwave brightness temperature measurements for thin clouds, and the uncertainty in relating the sixth moment of the droplet size distribution observed by the radar to the more radiatively important moments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC radiation
KW  - WIND waves
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15026807; McFarlane, Sally A. 1; Email Address: Sally.McFarlane@pnl.gov Evans, K. Franklin 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 61 Issue 21, p2602; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC radiation; Subject Term: WIND waves; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hemez, François M.
AU  - Ben-Haim, Yakov
T1  - Info-gap robustness for the correlation of tests and simulations of a non-linear transient
JO  - Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing
JF  - Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 18
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1443
EP  - 1467
SN  - 08883270
AB  - An alternative to the theory of probability is applied to the problem of assessing the robustness, to uncertainty in model parameters, of the correlation between measurements and computer simulations. The analysis is based on the theory of information-gap uncertainty, which models the clustering of uncertain events in families of nested sets instead of assuming a probability structure. The system investigated is the propagation of a transient impact through a layer of hyper-elastic material. The two sources of non-linearity are (1) the softening of the constitutive law representing the hyper-elastic material and (2) the contact dynamics at the interface between metallic and crushable materials. The robustness of the correlation between test and simulation, to sources of parameter variability, is first studied to identify the parameters of the model that significantly influence the agreement between measurements and predictions. Model updating under non-probabilistic uncertainty is then illustrated, based on two complementary immunity functions: the robustness to uncertainty and the opportunity from uncertainty. Finally an info-gap model is embedded within a probability density function to represent uncertainty in the knowledge of the model''s parameters and their correlation structure. Although computationally expensive, it is demonstrated that info-gap reasoning can greatly enhance our understanding of a moderately complex system when the theory of probability cannot be applied due to insufficient information. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - COMBINATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Information-gap
KW  - Nonlinear dynamics
KW  - Robustness
KW  - Test-analysis correlation
KW  - Uncertainty
N1  - Accession Number: 13390862; Hemez, François M. 1; Email Address: hemez@lanl.gov Ben-Haim, Yakov 2; Email Address: yakov@technion.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, ESA-WR, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p1443; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: COMBINATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information-gap; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nonlinear dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Robustness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Test-analysis correlation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uncertainty; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ymssp.2004.03.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malkin, Alexander J.
AU  - Thorne, Robert E.
T1  - Growth and disorder of macromolecular crystals: insights from atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies
JO  - Methods
JF  - Methods
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 273
EP  - 299
SN  - 10462023
AB  - The growth processes and defect structures of protein and virus crystals have been studied in situ by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction topography, and high-resolution reciprocal space scanning. Molecular mechanisms of macromolecular crystallization were visualized and fundamental kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, which govern the crystallization process of a number of macromolecular crystals, have been determined. High-resolution AFM imaging of crystal surfaces provides information on the packing of macromolecules within the unit cell and on the structure of large macromolecular assemblies. X-ray diffraction techniques provide a bulk probe with poorer spatial resolution but excellent sensitivity to mosaicity and strain. Defect structures and disorder created in macromolecular crystals during growth, seeding, and post-growth treatments including flash cooling were characterized and their impacts on the diffraction properties of macromolecular crystals have been analyzed. The diverse and dramatic effects of impurities on growth and defect formation have also been studied. Practical implications of these fundamental insights into the improvement of macromolecular crystallization protocols are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Methods is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Crystal growth
KW  - Crystallography
KW  - Defect structure
KW  - Disorder
KW  - Growth mechanisms
KW  - High-resolution reciprocal space scanning
KW  - Macromolecular crystals
KW  - Protein crystals
KW  - Structural genomics
KW  - Two-dimensional nucleation
KW  - Virus crystals
KW  - X-ray diffraction topography
N1  - Accession Number: 14189737; Malkin, Alexander J. 1; Email Address: malkin1@llnl.gov Thorne, Robert E. 2; Email Address: ret6@cornell.edu; Affiliation:  1: BioSecurity and NanoSciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Physics Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p273; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Defect structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Disorder; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-resolution reciprocal space scanning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Macromolecular crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural genomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Two-dimensional nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Virus crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction topography; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ymeth.2004.03.020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14189737&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rupp, Bernhard
AU  - Wang, Junwen
T1  - Predictive models for protein crystallization
JO  - Methods
JF  - Methods
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 390
EP  - 407
SN  - 10462023
AB  - Crystallization of proteins is a nontrivial task, and despite the substantial efforts in robotic automation, crystallization screening is still largely based on trial-and-error sampling of a limited subset of suitable reagents and experimental parameters. Funding of high throughput crystallography pilot projects through the NIH Protein Structure Initiative provides the opportunity to collect crystallization data in a comprehensive and statistically valid form. Data mining and machine learning algorithms thus have the potential to deliver predictive models for protein crystallization. However, the underlying complex physical reality of crystallization, combined with a generally ill-defined and sparsely populated sampling space, and inconsistent scoring and annotation make the development of predictive models non-trivial. We discuss the conceptual problems, and review strengths and limitations of current approaches towards crystallization prediction, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive and valid sampling protocols. In view of limited overlap in techniques and sampling parameters between the publicly funded high throughput crystallography initiatives, exchange of information and standardization should be encouraged, aiming to effectively integrate data mining and machine learning efforts into a comprehensive predictive framework for protein crystallization. Similar experimental design and knowledge discovery strategies should be applied to valid analysis and prediction of protein expression, solubilization, and purification, as well as crystal handling and cryo-protection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Methods is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - QUANTITATIVE research
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - High throughput crystallization
KW  - Machine learning
KW  - Predictive models
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Structural genomics
N1  - Accession Number: 14189746; Rupp, Bernhard 1; Email Address: br@llnl.gov Wang, Junwen 2; Affiliation:  1: Macromolecular Crystallography and TB Structural Genomics Consortium, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  2: Center for Biotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p390; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: QUANTITATIVE research; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: High throughput crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Machine learning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Predictive models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Structural genomics; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ymeth.2004.03.031
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14189746&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Valceanu, John
AU  - Walli, Ron
T1  - DOE Creates Near-Zero-Energy Buildings in Tennessee.
JO  - Military Engineer
JF  - Military Engineer
J1  - Military Engineer
PY  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 632
M3  - Article
SP  - 20
EP  - 21
SN  - 00263982
AB  - Describes the unique features of the near-zero-energy home from the Department of Energy (DOE) in Tennessee. Capacity of energy-efficient homes and businesses to reduce the amount of electricity that needs to be generated; Focus of the DOE to encourage the construction of houses that boats high efficiency and use solar panels to generate some of their own electricity; Features of the fourth Habitat for Humanity DOE Building America Near-Zero-Energy House in Lenoir City.
KW  - ARCHITECTURE & energy conservation
KW  - ENERGY conservation
KW  - DWELLINGS -- Energy conservation
KW  - DWELLINGS -- Environmental engineering
KW  - MILITARY engineering
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
KW  - TENNESSEE
N1  - Accession Number: 15368584; Source Information: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 96 Issue 632, p20; Subject Term: ARCHITECTURE & energy conservation; Subject Term: ENERGY conservation; Subject Term: DWELLINGS -- Energy conservation; Subject Term: DWELLINGS -- Environmental engineering; Subject Term: MILITARY engineering; Subject Term: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; Subject Term: ; Geographic Subject: TENNESSEE; Geographic Subject: ; Number of Pages: 2p; ; Document Type: Article; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - mth
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki
AU  - Riutort, Marta
AU  - Fourcade, H. Matthew
AU  - Baguñà, Jaume
AU  - Boore, Jeffrey L.
T1  - Mitochondrial genome data support the basal position of Acoelomorpha and the polyphyly of the Platyhelminthes
JO  - Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution
JF  - Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 321
EP  - 332
SN  - 10557903
AB  - We determined 9.7, 5.2, and 6.8kb, respectively, of the mitochondrial genomes of the acoel Paratomella rubra, the nemertodermatid Nemertoderma westbladi, and the free-living rhabditophoran platyhelminth Microstomum lineare. The identified gene arrangements are unique among metazoans, including each other, sharing no more than one or two single gene boundaries with a few distantly related taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences inferred from the sequenced genes confirms that the acoelomorph flatworms (acoels+nemertodermatids) do not belong to the Platyhelminthes, but are, instead, the most basal extant bilaterian group. Therefore, the Platyhelminthes, as traditionally constituted, is a polyphyletic phylum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - IMINO acids
KW  - GENES
KW  - METAZOA
KW  - Acoel
KW  - Evolution
KW  - Genome
KW  - Metazoa
KW  - Mitochondria
KW  - Platyhelminth
N1  - Accession Number: 14247802; Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki 1 Riutort, Marta 1 Fourcade, H. Matthew 2 Baguñà, Jaume 1 Boore, Jeffrey L.; Email Address: JLBoore@LBL.gov; Affiliation:  1: Departament de Genètica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain  2: Evolutionary Genomics, DOE Joint Genome Institute and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Walnut Creek, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 33 Issue 2, p321; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: IMINO acids; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: METAZOA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acoel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genome; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metazoa; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mitochondria; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platyhelminth; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.06.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14247802&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramsay, Gavin
AU  - Bridge, C.M.
AU  - Cropper, Mark
AU  - Mason, K.O.
AU  - Córdova, F.A.
AU  - Priedhorsky, W.
T1  - XMM–Newtonobservations of the eclipsing polar EP Dra.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 354
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 773
EP  - 778
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We presentXMM–Newtonobservations of the eclipsing polar EP Dra that cover nearly three binary orbital cycles. The X-ray and ultraviolet data show evidence for a prominent dip before the eclipse, which is due to the accretion stream obscuring the accretion region. The dip ingress is rapid in hard X-rays, suggesting that there is a highly collimated core of absorption. We find that a different level of absorption column density is required to match the observed count rates in different energy bands. We propose that this is due to the fact that different absorption components should be used to model the reprocessed X-rays, the shocked X-ray component and the ultraviolet emission, and we explore the effect that this has on the resulting fits to the spectrum. Further, there is evidence that absorption starts to obscure the softer X-rays shortly after the onset of the bright phase. This suggests that material is threaded by an unusually wide range of magnetic field lines, consistent with the recent suggestion of Bridge et al. We find that the period is slightly greater than that determined some years ago by Schwope&Mengel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - binaries: eclipsing
KW  - cataclysmic variables
KW  - novae
KW  - stars: individual: EP Dra
KW  - X-rays: stars
N1  - Accession Number: 14798455; Ramsay, Gavin 1; Email Address: gtbr@mssl.ucl.ac.uk Bridge, C.M. 1 Cropper, Mark 1 Mason, K.O. 1 Córdova, F.A. 2 Priedhorsky, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT  2: University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 354 Issue 3, p773; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: binaries: eclipsing; Author-Supplied Keyword: cataclysmic variables; Author-Supplied Keyword: novae; Author-Supplied Keyword: stars: individual: EP Dra; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-rays: stars; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08239.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gopal
AU  - V.
AU  - Radmilovic
AU  - V. R.
AU  - Daraio
AU  - C.
AU  - Jin
AU  - S.
AU  - Yang
AU  - P.
AU  - Stach
AU  - E. A.
T1  - Rapid Prototyping of Site-Specific Nanocontacts by Electron and Ion Beam Assisted Direct-Write Nanolithography.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2059
EP  - 2063
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Rapid prototyping of bottom-up nanostructure circuits is demonstrated, utilizing metal deposition and patterning methodology based on combined focused ion and electron beam induced decomposition of a metal-organic precursor gas. Ohmic contacts were fabricated using electron beam deposition, followed by the faster process of ion beam deposition for interconnect formation. Two applications of this method are demonstrated:  three-terminal transport measurements of Y-junction carbon nanotubes and fabrication of nanocircuits for determination of electromechanical degradation of silver nanowires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEW product development
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
N1  - Accession Number: 15995549; Gopal V. 1 Radmilovic V. R. 1 Daraio C. 1 Jin S. 1 Yang P. 1 Stach E. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p2059; Subject Term: NEW product development; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541613 Marketing Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiederrecht
AU  - G. P.
AU  - Wurtz
AU  - G. A.
AU  - Hranisavljevic
AU  - J.
T1  - Coherent Coupling of Molecular Excitons to Electronic Polarizations of Noble Metal Nanoparticles.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2121
EP  - 2125
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We report the observation of coherent polarization coupling between the exciton of a molecular J-aggregate and the electronic polarization of noble metal nanoparticles. For Ag nanoparticles, coherent exciton coupling to the conduction band electrons leads to constructive interference and a long-lived exciton. For Au nanoparticles, the excitonic state interferes destructively with bound electron transition dipoles and the exciton lifetime is reduced by two orders of magnitude. Coherent polarization coupling in heterostructured nanomaterials may strongly impact the functionality of future nanoelectronic and nanooptical materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COUPLINGS (Gearing)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRON mobility
N1  - Accession Number: 15995559; Wiederrecht G. P. 1 Wurtz G. A. 1 Hranisavljevic J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division and Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p2121; Subject Term: COUPLINGS (Gearing); Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRON mobility; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333619 Other engine and power transmission equipment manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cui
AU  - H.
AU  - Kalinin
AU  - S. V.
AU  - Yang
AU  - X.
AU  - Lowndes
AU  - D. H.
T1  - Growth of Carbon Nanofibers on Tipless Cantilevers for High Resolution Topography and Magnetic Force Imaging.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2157
EP  - 2161
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Carbon nanofibers are grown on tipless cantilevers as probe tips for scanning probe microscopy. A catalyst dot pattern for carbon nanofiber growth is formed on the surface of the tipless cantilevers using electron beam lithography, and the growth of carbon nanofibers is performed in a direct-current plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition reactor. Atomic force surface imaging and magnetic force-gradient imaging have been demonstrated using these probe tips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - LIGHT elements
KW  - MAGNETIC force microscopy
KW  - SCANNING force microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15995565; Cui H. 1 Kalinin S. V. 1 Yang X. 1 Lowndes D. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p2157; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: LIGHT elements; Subject Term: MAGNETIC force microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING force microscopy; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaric
AU  - S.
AU  - Ostojic
AU  - G. N.
AU  - Kono
AU  - J.
AU  - Shaver
AU  - Moore
AU  - V. C.
AU  - Hauge
AU  - R. H.
AU  - Smalley
AU  - R. E.
AU  - Wei
AU  - X.
T1  - Estimation of Magnetic Susceptibility Anisotropy of Carbon Nanotubes Using Magnetophotoluminescence.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2219
EP  - 2221
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We have carried out a magnetophotoluminescence excitation spectroscopy study on micelle-suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes in high magnetic fields. By analyzing field-dependent spectral changes, we determined the degree of magnetic alignment of the observed semiconducting nanotubes at 45 T. This, together with an independently measured length distribution of the nanotubes, allowed us to estimate the magnitude of the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy χ|| - χ⊥ to be ~1.4 × 10-5 emu/mol for 1-nm-diameter semiconducting nanotubes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - LIGHT elements
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15995575; Zaric S. 1 Ostojic G. N. 1 Kono J. 1 Shaver Moore V. C. 1 Hauge R. H. 1 Smalley R. E. 1 Wei X. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p2219; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: LIGHT elements; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holt
AU  - J. K.
AU  - Noy
AU  - A.
AU  - Huser
AU  - T.
AU  - Eaglesham
AU  - D.
AU  - Bakajin
AU  - O.
T1  - Fabrication of a Carbon Nanotube-Embedded Silicon Nitride Membrane for Studies of Nanometer-Scale Mass Transport.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2245
EP  - 2250
SN  - 15306984
AB  - Membranes consisting of multiwall carbon nanotubes embedded in a silicon nitride matrix were fabricated for fluid mechanics studies on the nanometer scale. Characterization by tracer diffusion and scanning electron microscopy suggests that the membrane is free of large voids. An upper limit to the diffusive flux of D2O of 2.4 × 10-8 mol/m2 s was determined, indicating extremely slow transport through the membranes. By contrast, hydrodynamic calculations of water flow across a nanotube membrane of similar specifications predict a much higher molar flux of 1.91 mol/m2 s, suggesting that the nanotubes used in the membrane have a “bamboo” morphology. The carbon nanotube membranes were then used to make nanoporous silicon nitride membranes, which were fabricated by sacrificial removal of the carbon. Nitrogen flow measurements on these structures give a membrane permeance of 4.7 × 10-4 mol/m2 s Pa at a pore density of 4 × 1010 cm-2. Using a Knudsen diffusion model, the average pore size of this membrane is estimated to be 66 nm, which agrees well with TEM observations of the multiwall carbon nanotube outer diameter. These membranes are a robust platform for the study of confined molecular transport, with applications in separations and chemical sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - LIGHT elements
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - SILICON
N1  - Accession Number: 15995580; Holt J. K. 1 Noy A. 1 Huser T. 1 Eaglesham D. 1 Bakajin O. 1; Affiliation:  1: Biosecurity and Nanosciences Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p2245; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: LIGHT elements; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: SILICON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meulenberg
AU  - R. W.
AU  - van Buuren
AU  - T.
AU  - Hanif
AU  - K. M.
AU  - Willey
AU  - T. M.
AU  - Strouse
AU  - G. F.
AU  - Terminello
AU  - L. J.
T1  - Structure and Composition of Cu-Doped CdSe Nanocrystals Using Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2277
EP  - 2285
SN  - 15306984
AB  - The local structure and composition of Cu ions dispersed in CdSe nanocrystals is examined using soft X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). Using Cu L-edge XANES and X-ray photoelectron measurements (XPS), we find that the Cu ions exist in the Cu(I) oxidation state. We also find that the observed Cu L-edge XANES signal is directly proportional to the molar percent of Cu present in our final material. Se L-edge XANES indicates changes in the Se density of states with Cu doping, due to a chemical bonding effect, and supports a statistical doping mechanism. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements indicate that Cu ions may act as deep electron traps. We show that XANES, XPS, and PL are a powerful combination of methods to study the electronic and chemical structure of dopants in nanostructured materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - COPPER
N1  - Accession Number: 15995586; Meulenberg R. W. 1 van Buuren T. 1 Hanif K. M. 1 Willey T. M. 1 Strouse G. F. 1 Terminello L. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, Optical Sciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, and Department of Chemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32316; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 4 Issue 11, p2277; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: COPPER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abe, Eiji
AU  - Yanfa Yan
AU  - Pennycook, Stephen J.
T1  - Quasicrystals as cluster aggregates.
JO  - Nature Materials
JF  - Nature Materials
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 3
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 759
EP  - 767
SN  - 14761122
AB  - Quasicrystals are solids that exhibit symmetries long thought forbidden in nature. Since their discovery in a rapidly solidified Al–Mn alloy in 1984, the central issue in the field has been to understand why they form. Are they energetically stable compounds or stabilized by entropy? In recent years, major strides have been made in determining atomic structure, largely by direct imaging using advanced electron microscopy. One system is now known to be energetically stabilized, and quasicrystals are therefore firmly established as a new physical state of matter. They represent a unique packing of atomic clusters some tens of atoms in size, with substantial localized fluctuations, referred to as phasons. Understanding phasons may in future allow their unique macroscopic properties to be tailored for useful materials applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Materials is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - MATTER
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
N1  - Accession Number: 18445630; Abe, Eiji 1; Email Address: abe.eiji@nims.go.jp Yanfa Yan 2 Pennycook, Stephen J. 3; Email Address: pennycooksj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA  3: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 3 Issue 11, p759; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: MATTER; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 3 Color Photographs, 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nmat1244
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vila-Sanjurjo, Antón
AU  - Schuwirth, Barbara-S.
AU  - Hau, Cathy W.
AU  - Cate, Jamie H. D.
T1  - Structural basis for the control of translation initiation during stress.
JO  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
JF  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1054
EP  - 1059
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 15459993
AB  - During environmental stress, organisms limit protein synthesis by storing inactive ribosomes that are rapidly reactivated when conditions improve. Here we present structural and biochemical data showing that protein Y, an Escherichia coli stress protein, fills the tRNA- and mRNA-binding channel of the small ribosomal subunit to stabilize intact ribosomes. Protein Y inhibits translation initiation during cold shock but not at normal temperatures. Furthermore, protein Y competes with conserved translation initiation factors that, in bacteria, are required for ribosomal subunit dissociation. The mechanism used by protein Y to reduce translation initiation during stress and quickly release ribosomes for renewed translation initiation may therefore occur widely in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Structural & Molecular Biology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RIBOSOMES
KW  - NUCLEOPROTEINS
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - MESSENGER RNA
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - PROTEIN synthesis
KW  - CELL organelles
N1  - Accession Number: 14931020; Vila-Sanjurjo, Antón 1 Schuwirth, Barbara-S. 1 Hau, Cathy W. 2 Cate, Jamie H. D. 2; Email Address: jcate@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology and Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p1054; Subject Term: RIBOSOMES; Subject Term: NUCLEOPROTEINS; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: MESSENGER RNA; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: PROTEIN synthesis; Subject Term: CELL organelles; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nsmb850
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kenyon, Garrett T.
AU  - Theiler, James
AU  - George, John S.
AU  - Travis, Bryan J.
AU  - Marshak, David W.
T1  - Correlated Firing Improves Stimulus Discrimination in a Retinal Model.
JO  - Neural Computation
JF  - Neural Computation
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 16
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2261
EP  - 2291
PB  - MIT Press
SN  - 08997667
AB  - Synchronous firing limits the amount of information that can be extracted by averaging the firing rates of similarly tuned neurons. Here, we show that the loss of such rate-coded information due to synchronous oscillations between retinal ganglion cells can be overcome by exploiting the information encoded by the correlations themselves. Two very different models, one based on axon-mediated inhibitory feedback and the other on oscillatory common input, were used to generate artificial spike trains whose synchronous oscillations were similar to those measured experimentally. Pooled spike trains were summed into a threshold detector whose output was classified using Bayesian discrimination. For a threshold detector with short summation times, realistic oscillatory input yielded superior discrimination of stimulus intensity compared to rate-matched Poisson controls. Even for summation times too long to resolve synchronous inputs, gamma band oscillations still contributed to improved discrimination by reducing the total spike count variability, or Fano factor. In separate experiments in which neurons were synchronized in a stimulus-dependent manner without attendant oscillations, the Fano factor increased markedly with stimulus intensity, implying that stimulus-dependent oscillations can offset the increased variability due to synchrony alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Neural Computation is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RETINA
KW  - NEURAL transmission
KW  - NEURONS
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - PERCEPTION
KW  - NEURAL circuitry
N1  - Accession Number: 14492152; Kenyon, Garrett T. 1; Email Address: gkenyon@lanl.gov Theiler, James 2; Email Address: jtheiler@lanl@.gov George, John S. 1; Email Address: isg@lanl.gov Travis, Bryan J. 3; Email Address: bjtravis@lanl.gov Marshak, David W. 4; Email Address: david.w.marshak@uth.tmc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  2: Non-Proliferation and International Security, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  3: Environmental and Earth Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.A.  4: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 16 Issue 11, p2261; Subject Term: RETINA; Subject Term: NEURAL transmission; Subject Term: NEURONS; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: PERCEPTION; Subject Term: NEURAL circuitry; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1162/0899766041941916
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.
AU  - Ernst, Thomas
AU  - Chang, Linda
AU  - Lee, P. Lani
AU  - Richards, Todd
AU  - Marra, Christina M.
AU  - Meyerhoff, Dieter J.
AU  - Jarvik, Jeffrey G.
AU  - Kolson, Dennis
AU  - Schifitto, Giovanni
AU  - Ellis, Ronald J.
AU  - Swindells, Susan
AU  - Simpson, David M.
AU  - Miller, Eric N.
AU  - Gonzalez, R. Gilberto
AU  - Navia, Bradford A.
T1  - Regional patterns of brain metabolites in AIDS dementia complex
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 928
EP  - 935
SN  - 10538119
AB  - The relationship of the cellular changes in the HIV-infected brain to the onset and progression of AIDS dementia complex (ADC) remains uncertain. We undertook an in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) study and used factor analysis to identify specific cellular and regional brain changes that may serve as metabolic markers of ADC. The ratio of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and myoinositol (MI) over creatine (Cr), markers of neuronal and glial cell metabolism, were measured in the basal ganglia, centrum semiovale, and parietal cortex from 100 subjects with and without ADC. Three metabolic patterns were identified, which we termed “inflammatory” (mainly MI/Cr elevations in all three regions plus Cho/Cr increases in the centrum semiovale and parietal cortex), “basal ganglia” (mostly NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr elevations in the basal ganglia), and “neuronal” (primarily NAA/Cr reductions in the centrum semiovale and the parietal cortex). Logistic regression analysis revealed that, adjusted for age, basal ganglia and neuronal pattern scores were strongly associated with ADC but inflammatory levels were not. We conclude that by using factor analysis, we are able to combine multiple metabolites across brain regions in a biologically plausible manner and construct a predictive model of ADC adjusting for relevant factors such as age. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AIDS dementia complex
KW  - PROTON magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - AIDS (Disease) -- Complications
KW  - NEUROGLIA
KW  - AIDS
KW  - Brain metabolism
KW  - Factor analysis
KW  - HIV dementia
KW  - MRS
N1  - Accession Number: 14957028; Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.; Email Address: cyiannou@iupui.edu Ernst, Thomas 1 Chang, Linda 1 Lee, P. Lani 2 Richards, Todd 3 Marra, Christina M. 3 Meyerhoff, Dieter J. 4 Jarvik, Jeffrey G. 3 Kolson, Dennis 5 Schifitto, Giovanni 6 Ellis, Ronald J. 7 Swindells, Susan 8 Simpson, David M. 9 Miller, Eric N. 10 Gonzalez, R. Gilberto 2 Navia, Bradford A.; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, United States  2: Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States  3: University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States  4: University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States  5: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States  6: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States  7: University of California, San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92103-8970, United States  8: University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States  9: Mt. Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, United States  10: University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1361, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p928; Subject Term: AIDS dementia complex; Subject Term: PROTON magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: AIDS (Disease) -- Complications; Subject Term: NEUROGLIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: AIDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Factor analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: HIV dementia; Author-Supplied Keyword: MRS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pareto, D.
AU  - Alvarado, M.
AU  - Hanrahan, S.M.
AU  - Biegon, Anat
T1  - In vivo occupancy of female rat brain estrogen receptors by 17β-estradiol and tamoxifen
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1161
EP  - 1167
SN  - 10538119
AB  - Estrogens or antiestrogens are currently used by millions of women, but the interaction of these hormonal agents with brain estrogen receptors (ER) in vivo has not been characterized to date. Our goal was to assess, in vivo, the extent and regional distribution of brain ER occupancy in rats chronically exposed to 17β-estradiol (E2) or tamoxifen (TAM). For that purpose, female ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats were implanted with subcutaneous pellets containing either placebo (OVX), E2, or TAM for 3 weeks. ER occupancy in grossly dissected regions was quantified with 16α-[18F]fluoroestradiol ([18F]FES). Both E2 and TAM produced significant decreases in radioligand uptake in the brain although the effect of E2 was larger and more widespread than the effect of TAM. Detailed regional analysis of the interaction was then undertaken using a radioiodinated ligand, 11β-methoxy-16α-[125I]iodo-estradiol ([125I]MIE2), and quantitative ex vivo autoradiography. E2 treatment resulted in near-complete (86.6 ± 17.5%) inhibition of radioligand accumulation throughout the brain, while ER occupancy in the TAM group showed a marked regional distribution such that percentage inhibition ranged from 40.5 ± 15.6 in the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus to 84.6 ± 4.5 in the cortical amygdala. These results show that exposure to pharmacologically relevant levels of TAM produces a variable, region-specific pattern of brain ER occupancy, which may be influenced by the regional proportion of ER receptor subtypes. These findings may partially explain the highly variable and region-specific effects observed in neurochemical, metabolic, and functional studies of the effects of TAM in the brain of experimental animals as well as human subjects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESTROGEN receptors
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - ESTRADIOL
KW  - TAMOXIFEN
KW  - 11β-Methoxy-16α-[125I]iodo-estradiol
KW  - 16α-[18F]fluoroestradiol
KW  - Autoradiography
KW  - SERMs
N1  - Accession Number: 14957053; Pareto, D. 1 Alvarado, M. 2 Hanrahan, S.M. 1 Biegon, Anat; Email Address: biegon@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720, United States  2: Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p1161; Subject Term: ESTROGEN receptors; Subject Term: BRAIN; Subject Term: ESTRADIOL; Subject Term: TAMOXIFEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: 11β-Methoxy-16α-[125I]iodo-estradiol; Author-Supplied Keyword: 16α-[18F]fluoroestradiol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Autoradiography; Author-Supplied Keyword: SERMs; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldstein, Rita Z.
AU  - Leskovjan, Andreana C.
AU  - Hoff, Anne L.
AU  - Hitzemann, Robert
AU  - Bashan, Francine
AU  - Khalsa, Sahib Singh
AU  - Wang, Gene-Jack
AU  - Fowler, Joanna S.
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
T1  - Severity of neuropsychological impairment in cocaine and alcohol addiction: association with metabolism in the prefrontal cortex
JO  - Neuropsychologia
JF  - Neuropsychologia
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1447
EP  - 1458
SN  - 00283932
AB  - We used exploratory and confirmatory statistical approaches to study the severity of neuropsychological (NP) impairment in 42 crack/cocaine addicted subjects and in 112 comparison subjects (40 alcoholics and 72 controls). Twenty neuropsychological test indices most reliably defining predetermined cognitive domains were submitted to exploratory factor analysis. A four-dimensional model of neurocognitive function was derived: Verbal Knowledge, Visual Memory, Verbal Memory, and Attention/Executive functioning accounted for 63% of the variance. We then examined this model’s association with resting glucose metabolism in the brain reward circuit measured with 2-deoxy-2[<F>18F</F>]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography. Results revealed that (1) cocaine addicted individuals had a generalized mild level of neurocognitive impairment (<1 S.D. below control mean); and (2) controlling for age and education, relative metabolism in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex significantly predicted the Visual Memory and Verbal Memory factors and relative metabolism in the anterior cingulate gyrus significantly predicted the Attention/Executive factor. Nevertheless, it remains to be determined whether metabolic changes in these regions are associated with addiction. Our results also suggest that compared to cocaine, alcohol has a more detrimental effect on Attention/Executive functioning, as assessed with traditional NP measures. We conclude that relative to other psychopathological disorders (such as schizophrenia), the severity of neuropsychological impairment in cocaine addiction is modest, albeit not indicative of the absence of neurocognitive dysfunction. The impact of such small differences in performance on quality of life, and possibly on craving and relapse, may be substantial. Tasks that simulate real-life decision-making or that target specific putative cognitive-behavioral or motivational–emotional mechanisms might offer greater sensitivity in characterizing the changes that accompany addiction to drugs. Obtaining valid estimates of alcohol use in cocaine addicted subjects is essential in characterizing neurocognitive functioning in individuals addicted to drugs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Neuropsychologia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COCAINE
KW  - NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - Cognitive functioning
KW  - Drug abuse
KW  - Functional neuroimaging
KW  - PET FDG
N1  - Accession Number: 13795858; Goldstein, Rita Z. 1; Email Address: rgoldstein@bnl.gov Leskovjan, Andreana C. 1 Hoff, Anne L. 2 Hitzemann, Robert 3 Bashan, Francine 4 Khalsa, Sahib Singh 5 Wang, Gene-Jack 1 Fowler, Joanna S. 1 Volkow, Nora D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Davis-Napa Psychiatric Research Center, Napa State Hospital, University of California, Napa, CA 94558, USA  3: Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA  4: Wright Institute, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA  5: University of Iowa, Roy J. & Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 42 Issue 11, p1447; Subject Term: COCAINE; Subject Term: NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: BRAIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cognitive functioning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drug abuse; Author-Supplied Keyword: Functional neuroimaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: PET FDG; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tuli, J.K.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 70
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 103
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 389
EP  - 514
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Abstract: The last complete evaluation Nucl. Data Sheets 51 (1987) 95, Nuclear Data Sheets 51, 95 (1987), and its 1993 update, Nucl. Data Sheets 68 (1993) 117, Nuclear Data Sheets 68, 117 (1993) for A = 70 has been revised using experimental decay and reaction data received by the cutoff date noted below. Some of the noteworthy features of this evaluation are: 1. Very unstable nuclides, 70Ca, 70Sc, 70Ti, 70Cr, 70Rb, 70Sr have not been observed. 2. Half-life has been measured for 70Fe. 3. Decay of 70Co isomers has been studied. 4. A third isomer in 70Cu has been observed and decays for all three isomers have been studied. 5. A new decay scheme for 70Ni has been prepared. 6. New levels in 70Zn from 70Cu decay have been seen. 7. In 70As many more levels with better Jπ values have been reported. 8. 70Br ɛ decay to 70Se has been studied. 9. A new 70Br level scheme has been added. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - HALF-life (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
N1  - Accession Number: 19229452; Tuli, J.K. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 103 Issue 3, p389; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: HALF-life (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Number of Pages: 126p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Akovali, Y.A.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 243
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 103
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 515
EP  - 564
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Abstract: Available information pertaining to the nuclear structure of all nuclei with mass numbers A = 243 is presented. Various decay and reaction data are evaluated and compared. Adopted data, levels, spin, parity and configuration assignments are given. When there are insufficient data, expected values from systematics of nuclear properties or/and theoretical calculations are quoted. Unexpected or discrepant experimental results are also noted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 19229453; Akovali, Y.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory and University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831–6371, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 103 Issue 3, p515; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 50p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geurts, F.
AU  - Shao, M.
AU  - Bonner, B.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Dong, X.
AU  - Eppley, G.
AU  - Huang, S.
AU  - Li, C.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Llope, W.
AU  - Nussbaum, T.
AU  - Ruan, L.
AU  - Roberts, J.
AU  - Schambach, J.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Xu, Z.
T1  - Performance of the prototype MRPC detector for STAR
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 533
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 60
EP  - 64
SN  - 01689002
AB  - A prototype 168-channel multi-gap resistive plate chamber (MRPC) time-of-flight system for the STAR experiment at RHIC was completed in February 2002, tested for 10 weeks at the AGS at BNL, and installed in the STAR detector for the 2002–2003 physics run. At the AGS, the MRPC detectors were operated on a number of different gas mixtures, high voltages, and threshold voltages. The results for detection efficiency, time resolution, streamer probability, and noise rates are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - ELECTRICAL engineering
KW  - ELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 14785809; Geurts, F.; Email Address: geurts@physics.rice.edu Shao, M. 1 Bonner, B. 2 Chen, H. 1 Dong, X. 3 Eppley, G. 2 Huang, S. 1 Li, C. 1 Li, J. 1 Llope, W. 2 Nussbaum, T. 2 Ruan, L. 4 Roberts, J. 2 Schambach, J. 5 Wang, X. 1 Wu, J. 1 Xu, Z. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China  2: Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 533 Issue 1/2, p60; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: ELECTRICAL engineering; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541330 Engineering Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Repond, José
T1  - A digital hadron calorimeter with Resistive Plate Chambers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 533
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 126
EP  - 129
SN  - 01689002
AB  - The concept of a digital hadron calorimeter for the Linear Collider is presented. The R&D effort to develop an active medium with the required spatial segmentation using Resistive Plate Chambers is reviewed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PLATES (Engineering)
N1  - Accession Number: 14785822; Repond, José 1; Email Address: repond@hep.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 533 Issue 1/2, p126; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PLATES (Engineering); NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332313 Plate Work Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chuman, Yoshiro
AU  - Üren, Aykut
AU  - Cahill, Jennifer
AU  - Regan, Carole
AU  - Wolf, Vladimir
AU  - Kay, Brian K.
AU  - Rubin, Jeffrey S.
T1  - Identification of a peptide binding motif for secreted frizzled-related protein-1
JO  - Peptides
JF  - Peptides
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1831
EP  - 1838
SN  - 01969781
AB  - Secreted Frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) bind Wnts and modulate their activity. To identify putative sFRP-1 binding motifs, we screened an M13 phage displayed combinatorial peptide library. A predominant motif, L/V-VDGRW-L/V, was present in ∼70% of the phage that bound sFRP-1. Use of peptide/alkaline phosphatase chimeras and alanine scanning confirmed that the conserved motif was important for sFRP-1 recognition. The dissociation constant for a peptide/sFRP-1 complex was 3.9μM. Additional analysis revealed that DGR was the core of the binding motif. Although Wnt proteins lack this sequence, other proteins possessing the DGR motif may function as novel binding partners for sFRP-1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Peptides is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - WNT proteins
KW  - ALKALINE phosphatase
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - DGR
KW  - Peptide motif
KW  - Phage display
KW  - sFRP-1
KW  - Wnt
N1  - Accession Number: 14786521; Chuman, Yoshiro Üren, Aykut Cahill, Jennifer Regan, Carole 1 Wolf, Vladimir 1 Kay, Brian K. 2 Rubin, Jeffrey S.; Email Address: rubinj@helix.nih.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-4256, USA  2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4833, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 25 Issue 11, p1831; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: WNT proteins; Subject Term: ALKALINE phosphatase; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Author-Supplied Keyword: DGR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Peptide motif; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phage display; Author-Supplied Keyword: sFRP-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Wnt; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.07.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, W.C.
AU  - Zhai, T.
AU  - Man, C.-S.
AU  - Radhakrishnan, B.
AU  - Morris, J.G.
T1  - Effect of initial texture on texture evolution in cold-rolled AA 5182 aluminium alloy.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/11//11/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 3305
EP  - 3321
SN  - 14786435
AB  - AA 5182 aluminium alloy with a strong cube texture was cold rolled to different reductions along the following directions: firstly, the original rolling direction; secondly, at angles of 22.5 and 45° to the original rolling direction. The evolution of texture in the cold-rolled samples with different initial textures was then investigated by X-ray diffraction. The texture evolution was quantified by mathematical formulae of texture volume fractions and rolling true strain. The results show that initial texture has a strong influence on the evolution of rolling texture. AA 5182 aluminium alloy with an initial rotated-cube (r-cube) (45_ normal direction r-cube) texture exhibits the fastest rate of formation of the Β fibre. The rate of formation of the Β fibre decreases as the initial texture changes from the r-cube texture to the cube texture. The relationship between the rate of formation of the Β fibre (kΒ value in the mathematical formula for the volume fraction of the Β fibre) and the initial texture (Mcube and Mr-cube: the volume fractions of the cube and r-cube components respectively) can be expressed as kΒ = 0:37 - 0:03(Mcube.5.41 - Mr-cube/5:64). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTAL texture
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ROLLING (Metalwork)
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 15059754; Liu, W.C. 1; Email Address: wcliu@engr.uky.edu Zhai, T. 1 Man, C.-S. 2 Radhakrishnan, B. 3 Morris, J.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Light Metals Research Laboratories, University of Kentucky, 177 Anderson Hall, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA  2: Department of Mathematics, University of Kentucky, 715 Patterson Office Tower, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS-6140, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6140, USA; Source Info: 11/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 31, p3305; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL texture; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ROLLING (Metalwork); Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331491 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/1478630412331283082
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Osetsky, Yu. N.
AU  - Bacon, D. J.
AU  - Rong, Z.
AU  - Singh, B. N.
T1  - Dynamic properties of edge dislocations decorated by interstitial loops in α-iron and copper.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
JF  - Philosophical Magazine Letters
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 745
EP  - 754
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09500839
AB  - Clusters of self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) in the form of parallel crowdions are created directly in high-energy displacement cascades produced in metals by neutron irradiation. They are equivalent to small perfect dislocation loops and, in isolation in pure metals, undergo fast thermally-activated glide in the direction of their Burgers vector. Their strain field and ability to glide allows long-range interaction with other extended defects. Indeed, dislocations decorated by dislocation loops are commonly observed after neutron irradiation. Dislocations gliding under applied stress also encounter these mobile defects. These effects influence mechanical properties and require further investigation. This paper presents results from an atomic-scale study of copper and a-iron at either 0?K or 300?K. Loop drag and breakaway effects are investigated for an edge dislocation under applied stress interacting with a row of SIA loops below its glide plane. The maximum speed at which a loop is dragged is lower in copper than iron, and the applied stress at which this occurs is also lower. These differences in the dynamics of cluster-dislocation interaction are determined by the atomic structure of the defects and cannot be investigated by continuum treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine Letters is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - IRON
KW  - COPPER
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16607073; Osetsky, Yu. N. 1,2; Email Address: osetskiyyn@ornl.gov Bacon, D. J. 1 Rong, Z. 1 Singh, B. N. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK.  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138 USA.  3: Materials Department, Risø National Laboratory, P. O. Box 49, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 84 Issue 11, p745; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09500830500061607
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krichever, I.
AU  - Mineev-Weinstein, M.
AU  - Wiegmann, P.
AU  - Zabrodin, A.
T1  - Laplacian growth and Whitham equations of soliton theory
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 198
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 28
SN  - 01672789
AB  - The Laplacian growth (the Hele-Shaw problem) of multiply-connected domains in the case of zero surface tension is proven to be equivalent to an integrable system of Whitham equations known in soliton theory. The Whitham equations describe slowly modulated periodic solutions of integrable hierarchies of nonlinear differential equations. Through this connection the Laplacian growth is understood as a flow in the moduli space of Riemann surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LAPLACIAN operator
KW  - SOLITONS
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - THEORY of wave motion
N1  - Accession Number: 14785866; Krichever, I. 1 Mineev-Weinstein, M.; Email Address: mariner@lanl.gov Wiegmann, P. 2 Zabrodin, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Landau Institute and ITEP, Moscow, Russia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS-P365, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: James Frank Institute and Enrico Fermi Institute of the University of Chicago, 5640 S.Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 198 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: LAPLACIAN operator; Subject Term: SOLITONS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: THEORY of wave motion; Number of Pages: 28p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2004.06.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14785866&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wojtowicz, T.
AU  - Furdyna, J.K.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Yu, K.M.
AU  - Walukiewicz, W.
T1  - Electronic effects determining the formation of ferromagnetic III1-xMnxV alloys during epitaxial growth
JO  - Physica E
JF  - Physica E
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 25
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 180
SN  - 13869477
AB  - Magnetic properties of III1-xMnxV ferromagnetic alloys depend critically on the distribution of Mn++ ions over the different sites which this ion can occupy in the host III–V lattice. The reason for this is that only Mn++ ions at substitutional group-III sites, MnIII, provide both the localized spins and (since they are acceptors) also the free carriers needed to mediate the ferromagnetic interaction between these spins. Mn++ ions occupying interstitial sites, on the other hand, are double donors, which compensate the substitutional Mn acceptors, thus reducing the hole concentration; and, in addition, the Mn interstitials form antiferromagnetic pairs with the substitutional Mn++ ions, thus canceling their magnetic moments. Both these effects result in lowering the Curie temperature of the III1-xMnxV alloys. In this paper we show that the manner in which Mn enters the III–V lattice is determined by the Fermi level (i.e., by the electronic processes within the material) during the growth process itself. To demonstrate this, we describe a series of growth experiments that involve annealing, co-doping of III1-xMnxV alloys with Be, as well as remote Be-doping (modulation doping) of Al1-yGayAs/Ga1-xMnxAs/Al1-yGayAs heterostructures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica E is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC properties
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - 72.80.Ey
KW  - 73.61.Ey
KW  - 75.50.Pp
KW  - Ferromagnetic semiconductors
KW  - GaMnAs
KW  - InMnSb
KW  - Mn interstitials
KW  - PIXE
KW  - RBS
N1  - Accession Number: 14961295; Wojtowicz, T. 1,2; Email Address: tomasz.j.wojtowicz.1@nd.edu Furdyna, J.K. 1 Liu, X. 1 Yu, K.M. 3 Walukiewicz, W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA  2: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 25 Issue 2/3, p171; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC properties; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 72.80.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.61.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Pp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetic semiconductors; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaMnAs; Author-Supplied Keyword: InMnSb; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mn interstitials; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIXE; Author-Supplied Keyword: RBS; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physe.2004.06.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14961295&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aalseth, C. E.
AU  - Anderson, D.
AU  - Arthur, R.
AU  - Avignone III, F. T.
AU  - Baktash, C.
AU  - Ball, T.
AU  - Barabash, A. S.
AU  - Brodzinski, R. L.
AU  - Brudanin, V. B.
AU  - Bugg, W.
AU  - Champagne, A. E.
AU  - Chan, Y.-D.
AU  - Cianciolo, T. V.
AU  - Collar, J. I.
AU  - Creswick, R. W.
AU  - Doe, P. J.
AU  - Dunham, G.
AU  - Easterday, S.
AU  - Efremenko, Yu. V.
AU  - Egorov, V. G.
T1  - The Majorana Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay Experiment.
JO  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
JF  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 67
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2002
EP  - 2010
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637788
AB  - The proposed Majorana double-beta decay experiment is based on an array of segmented intrinsic Ge detectors with a total mass of 500 kg of Ge isotopically enriched to 86% in 76Ge. A discussion is given of background reduction by material selection, detector segmentation, pulse shape analysis, and electroformation of copper parts and granularity. Predictions of the experimental sensitivity are given. For an experimental running time of 10 years over the construction and operation of the Majorana setup, a sensitivity of T1/20ν ∼ 4 × 1027 yr is predicted. This corresponds to 〈mν〉 ∼ 0.003–0.004 eV according to recent QRPA and RQRPA matrix element calculations.© 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Atomic Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - ORIGANUM
KW  - BETA decay
KW  - GERMANIUM
KW  - COPPER
KW  - RADIOACTIVE decay
N1  - Accession Number: 15013987; Aalseth, C. E. 1 Anderson, D. 1 Arthur, R. 1 Avignone III, F. T. 2; Email Address: avignone@sc.edu Baktash, C. 3 Ball, T. 4 Barabash, A. S. 5 Brodzinski, R. L. 1 Brudanin, V. B. 6 Bugg, W. 7 Champagne, A. E. Chan, Y.-D. 8 Cianciolo, T. V. 3 Collar, J. I. 9 Creswick, R. W. 2 Doe, P. J. 10 Dunham, G. 1 Easterday, S. 1 Efremenko, Yu. V. Egorov, V. G. 6; Affiliation:  1: The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P-Division, Los Alamos, NM, USA  5: Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Bol’shaya Cheremushkinskaya ul. 25, Moscow, 117259 Russia  6: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow oblast, 141980 Russia  7: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA  8: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  9: Center for Cosmology, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA  10: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 67 Issue 11, p2002; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ORIGANUM; Subject Term: BETA decay; Subject Term: GERMANIUM; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE decay; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1825519
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15013987&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhukov, V. A.
AU  - Aloupis, A.
AU  - Anassontzis, E. G.
AU  - Arvanitis, N.
AU  - Babalis, A.
AU  - Ball, A.
AU  - Bezrukov, L. B.
AU  - Bourlis, G.
AU  - Butkevich, A. V.
AU  - Chinowsky, W.
AU  - Christopoulos, P. E.
AU  - Darsaklis, A.
AU  - Dedenko, L. G.
AU  - Elstrup, D.
AU  - Fahrun, E.
AU  - Gialas, J.
AU  - Goudis, Ch.
AU  - Grammatikakis, G.
AU  - Green, C.
AU  - Grieder, P. K. F.
T1  - NESTOR Experiment in 2003.
JO  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
JF  - Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 67
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 2054
EP  - 2057
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10637788
AB  - NESTOR is a submarine high-energy muon and neutrino telescope, now under construction for deployment in the Mediterranean close to Greek shores. The first floor of NESTOR with 12 optical modules was deployed successfully in March 2003 together with the electronics system. All systems and the associated environmental monitoring units are operating properly and data are being recorded. The status of the NESTOR project is presented. We outline briefly the construction of the deepwater neutrino telescope, properties of the NESTOR site, infrastructure of the project, the deployment of the first floor, and its current operation. The first data are presented and plans for the next steps are summarized.© 2004 MAIK “Nauka / Interperiodica”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Atomic Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUONS
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - TELESCOPES
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 15013978; Zhukov, V. A. 1; Email Address: vlzhukov@mail.ru Aloupis, A. 2 Anassontzis, E. G. 2 Arvanitis, N. 3 Babalis, A. 3 Ball, A. 4 Bezrukov, L. B. 1 Bourlis, G. 5 Butkevich, A. V. 1 Chinowsky, W. 6 Christopoulos, P. E. 7 Darsaklis, A. 3 Dedenko, L. G. 1 Elstrup, D. 8 Fahrun, E. 8 Gialas, J. 9 Goudis, Ch. 7 Grammatikakis, G. 9 Green, C. 8 Grieder, P. K. F. 10; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Shestidesyatiletiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow, 117312 Russia  2: Physics Department, University of Athens, Greece  3: NESTOR Institute for Deep Sea Research, Technology, and Neutrino Astroparticle Physics, Pylos, Greece  4: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland  5: School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Greece  6: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  7: Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Patras, Greece  8: Center for Applied Marine Science Research and Technology Westcoast (FTZ), Buesum, University of Kiel, Germany  9: Physics Department, University of Crete, Greece  10: Institute of Physics, University of Bern, Switzerland; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 67 Issue 11, p2054; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: TELESCOPES; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1134/1.1825528
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Engelke, Ray
AU  - Sheffield, Stephen A.
AU  - Stacy, Howard L.
T1  - Chemical-reaction-zone lengths in condensed-phase explosives.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 16
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4143
EP  - 4149
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - Numerous workers have suggested that the “A” parameter in the relation D(R)=D(∞)[1-A/R] is a measure of the steady-state one-dimensional chemical-reaction-zone length of a detonating explosive. This equation relates the steady-state detonation speed in an explosive material to the lateral dimension of the (usually cylindrical) charge [e.g., the cylinder’s radius (R)]. D(∞) is the detonation speed at infinite lateral charge size. The argument for A being the chemical-reaction-zone length is purely a dimensional one. We show that this supposed relation between A and an explosive’s steady one-dimensional chemical-reaction-zone length is untrue—because the A value is different for the same explosive fired in two types of confinement. However, we give experimental evidence that the ratio of the A values for closely related pairs of explosives, fired in the same confinement material, is a measure of the two explosive’s relative chemical-reaction-zone length. This is done by firing two closely related nitromethane-based explosives in two different types of confinement. We apply this positive result to examining the relative chemical-reaction-zone lengths of other closely related explosive pairs. In all cases, the A ratios agreed with intuition based on experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXPLOSIVES
KW  - CONDENSATION
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14688806; Engelke, Ray 1 Sheffield, Stephen A. 1 Stacy, Howard L. 1; Affiliation:  1: MS P952, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 16 Issue 11, p4143; Subject Term: EXPLOSIVES; Subject Term: CONDENSATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC phenomena in nature; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804552
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14688806&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Genoni, T. C.
AU  - Rose, D. V.
AU  - Welch, D. R.
AU  - Lee, E. P.
T1  - Two-stream stability for a focusing charged particle beam.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - L73
EP  - L76
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The growth of the two-stream instability in one-dimensonal (1D) spherical geometry is analyzed using Laplace and Fourier transforms. An analytic expression for the asymptotic growth is obtained and compared to the well-known planar formula. Stronger linear growth is predicted for a converging beam than for its corresponding 1D planar counterpart at the same initial density. Calculations based on the analytic model are compared to 1D particle-in-cell simulations and excellent agreement is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASMA stability
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14909947; Genoni, T. C. 1; Email Address: genoni@mrcabq.com Rose, D. V. 1 Welch, D. R. 1 Lee, E. P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Mission Research Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, pL73; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASMA stability; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807418
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909947&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edens, A. D.
AU  - Ditmire, T.
AU  - Hansen, J. F.
AU  - Edwards, M. J.
AU  - Adams, R. G.
AU  - Rambo, P.
AU  - Ruggles, L.
AU  - Smith, I. C.
AU  - Porter, J. L.
T1  - Study of high Mach number laser driven blast waves.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4968
EP  - 4972
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The study of blast waves produced by intense lasers in gases is motivated by the desire to explore astrophysically relevant hydrodynamic phenomena in the laboratory. A systematic scan of laser produced blast waves was performed and the structure of blast waves was examined over a wide range of drive laser energy. Lasers with energies ranging from 10–1000 J illuminated a pin target in either xenon or nitrogen gas, creating a spherical blast wave. A strongly radiating blast wave in xenon gas is observed while blast waves in nitrogen more closely approximate a pure Taylor–Sedov wave. It is also found that at all laser energies, blast waves traveling through xenon gas had their hydrodynamic evolution significantly affected by the passage of illumination laser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MACH number
KW  - LASERS
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - AERODYNAMICS
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14909973; Edens, A. D. 1; Email Address: acdens@mail.utexas.edu Ditmire, T. 1 Hansen, J. F. 2 Edwards, M. J. 2 Adams, R. G. 3 Rambo, P. 3 Ruggles, L. 3 Smith, I. C. 3 Porter, J. L. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87059; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p4968; Subject Term: MACH number; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: AERODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1773553
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909973&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dodin, I. Y.
AU  - Fisch, N. J.
AU  - Rax, J. M.
T1  - Ponderomotive barrier as a Maxwell demon.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5046
EP  - 5064
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The possibility of efficient ponderomotive current drive in a magnetized plasma was reported recently in [N. J. Fisch, J. M. Rax, and I. Y. Dodin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 205004 (2003)]. Precise limitations on the efficiency are now given through a comprehensive analytical and numerical study of single-particle dynamics under the action of a cyclotron-resonant rf drive in various field configurations. Expressions for the particle energy gain and acceleration along the dc magnetic field are obtained. The fundamental correlation between the two effects is described. A second fundamental quantity, namely, the ratio of the potential barrier to the energy gain, can be changed by altering the field configuration. The asymmetric ponderomotive current drive effect can be optimized, by minimizing the transverse heating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PONDEROMOTIVE force
KW  - MAXWELL'S demon
KW  - ELECTRIC potential
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - PLASMA astrophysics
KW  - PLASMA engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 14909963; Dodin, I. Y. 1 Fisch, N. J. 1 Rax, J. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543  2: LPTP, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5046; Subject Term: PONDEROMOTIVE force; Subject Term: MAXWELL'S demon; Subject Term: ELECTRIC potential; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PLASMA astrophysics; Subject Term: PLASMA engineering; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787771
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909963&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boswell, R. W.
AU  - Sutherland, O.
AU  - Charles, C.
AU  - Squire, J. P.
AU  - Diaz, F. R. Chang
AU  - Glover, T. W.
AU  - Jacobson, V. T.
AU  - Chavers, D. G.
AU  - Bengtson, R. D.
AU  - Bering III, E. A.
AU  - Goulding, R. H.
AU  - Light, M.
T1  - Experimental evidence of parametric decay processes in the variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rocket (VASIMR) helicon plasma source.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5125
EP  - 5129
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Decay waves have been observed in the megahertz range in the helium plasma generated by the variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rocket magnetoplasma thruster. They are measured using one of the tips of a triple probe connected to a 50 Ω input of a spectrum analyzer via a dc block (a small capacitor). The maximum amplitude of all waves is in the center of the plasma and does not appear correlated to the radial electron density or temperature profiles. The waves seem to be generated close to the helicon antenna that was 91 cm “upstream” from the measuring Langmuir probe. A possible explanation is parametric decay of the large amplitude helicon wave that also generates the plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - PLASMA engineering
KW  - ACOUSTIC surface waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14909955; Boswell, R. W. 1 Sutherland, O. 1 Charles, C. 1 Squire, J. P. 2 Diaz, F. R. Chang 2 Glover, T. W. 2 Jacobson, V. T. 2 Chavers, D. G. 3 Bengtson, R. D. 4 Bering III, E. A. 5 Goulding, R. H. 6 Light, M. 7; Affiliation:  1: Space Plasma and Plasma Processing group, PRI/RSPhysSE, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia  2: Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 77058  3: Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama  4: The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas  5: University of Houston, Houston, Texas  6: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  7: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5125; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: PLASMA engineering; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC surface waves; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1803579
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909955&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miles, A. R.
T1  - Bubble merger model for the nonlinear Rayleigh–Taylor instability driven by a strong blast wave.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5140
EP  - 5155
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A bubble merger model is presented for the nonlinear evolution of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability driven by a strong blast wave. Single bubble motion is determined by an extension of previous buoyancy-drag models extended to the blast-wave-driven case, and a simple bubble merger law in the spirit of the Sharp–Wheeler model allows for the generation of larger scales. The blast-wave-driven case differs in several respects from the classical case of incompressible fluids in a uniform gravitational field. Because of material decompression in the rarefaction behind the blast front, the asymptotic bubble velocity and the merger time depend on time as well as the transverse scale and the drive. For planar blast waves, this precludes the emergence of a self-similar regime independent of the initial conditions. With higher-dimensional blast waves, divergence restores the properties necessary for the establishment of the self-similar state, but its establishment requires a very high initial characteristic mode number and a high Mach number for the incident blast wave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC waves
KW  - SOUND waves
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - ACOUSTIC surface waves
N1  - Accession Number: 14909953; Miles, A. R. 1; Email Address: miles15@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 and University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20741; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5140; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC waves; Subject Term: SOUND waves; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC surface waves; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790498
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909953&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nash, T. J.
AU  - Cuneo, M. E.
AU  - Spielman, R. B.
AU  - Chandler, G. A.
AU  - Leeper, R. J.
AU  - Seaman, J. F.
AU  - Mcgurn, J.
AU  - Lazier, S.
AU  - Torres, J.
AU  - Jobe, D.
AU  - Gilliland, I.
AU  - Nielsen, D.
AU  - Hawn, R.
AU  - Bailey, J. E.
AU  - Lake, P.
AU  - Carlson, A. L.
AU  - Seamen, H.
AU  - Moore, I.
AU  - Smelser, R.
AU  - Pyle, J.
T1  - Current scaling of radiated power for 40-mm diameter single wire arrays on Z.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5156
EP  - 5161
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - In order to estimate the radiated power that can be expected from the next-generation Z-pinch driver such as ZR at 28 MA, current-scaling experiments have been conducted on the 20 MA driver Z. We report on the current scaling of single 40 mm diameter tungsten 240 wire arrays with a fixed 110 ns implosion time. The wire diameter is decreased in proportion to the load current. Reducing the charge voltage on the Marx banks reduces the load current. On one shot, firing only three of the four levels of the Z machine further reduced the load current. The radiated energy scaled as the current squared as expected but the radiated power scaled as the current to the 3.52±0.42 power due to increased x-ray pulse width at lower current. As the current is reduced, the rise time of the x-ray pulse increases and at the lowest current value of 10.4 MA, a shoulder appears on the leading edge of the x-ray pulse. In order to determine the nature of the plasma producing the leading edge of the x-ray pulse at low currents further shots were taken with an on-axis aperture to view on-axis precursor plasma. This aperture appeared to perturb the pinch in a favorable manner such that with the aperture in place there was no leading edge to the x-ray pulses at lower currents and the radiated power scaled as the current squared ±0.75. For a full-current shot we will present x-ray images that show precursor plasma emitting on-axis 77 ns before the main x-ray burst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses
KW  - PLASMA astrophysics
KW  - PLASMA engineering
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14909952; Nash, T. J. 1 Cuneo, M. E. 1 Spielman, R. B. 1 Chandler, G. A. 1 Leeper, R. J. 1 Seaman, J. F. 1 Mcgurn, J. 1 Lazier, S. 1 Torres, J. 1 Jobe, D. 1 Gilliland, I. 1 Nielsen, D. 1 Hawn, R. 1 Bailey, J. E. 1 Lake, P. 1 Carlson, A. L. 1 Seamen, H. 1 Moore, I. 1 Smelser, R. 1 Pyle, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5156; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses; Subject Term: PLASMA astrophysics; Subject Term: PLASMA engineering; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804182
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909952&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hur, Min Sup
AU  - Penn, Gregory
AU  - Wurtele, Jonathan S.
AU  - Lindberg, Ryan
T1  - Slowly varying envelope kinetic simulations of pulse amplification by Raman backscattering.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5204
EP  - 5211
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A numerical code based on an eikonal formalism has been developed to simulate laser-plasma interactions, specifically Raman backscatter (RBS). In this code, the dominant laser modes are described by their wave envelopes, avoiding the need to resolve the laser frequency; appropriately time-averaged equations describe particle motion. The code is fully kinetic, and thus includes critical physics such as particle trapping and Landau damping which are beyond the scope of the commonly used fluid three-wave equations. The dominant forces on the particles are included: the ponderomotive force resulting from the beat wave of the forward and backscattered laser fields and the self-consistent plasma electric field. The code agrees well, in the appropriate regimes, with the results from three-wave equations and particle-in-cell simulations. The effects of plasma temperature on RBS amplification are studied. It is found that increasing the plasma temperature results in modification to particle trapping and the saturation of RBS, even before the onset of Landau damping of the plasma wave. This results in a reduction in the coupling efficiency compared to predictions based on the three-wave equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - BACKSCATTERING
KW  - ELECTRONS -- Backscattering
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14909945; Hur, Min Sup 1 Penn, Gregory 1 Wurtele, Jonathan S. 1 Lindberg, Ryan 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of CaIifornia, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5204; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: BACKSCATTERING; Subject Term: ELECTRONS -- Backscattering; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1796351
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909945&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miies, A. R.
AU  - Edwards, M. J.
AU  - Greenough, J. A.
T1  - Effect of initial conditions on two-dimensional Rayleigh–Taylor instability and transition to turbulence in planar blast-wave-driven systems.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5278
EP  - 5296
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Perturbations on an interface driven by a strong blast wave grow in time due to a combination of Rayleigh–Taylor, Richtmyer–Meshkov, and decompression effects. In this paper, the results from a computational study of such a system under drive conditions to be attainable on the National Ignition Facility [E. M. Campbell, Laser Part. Beams 9, 209 (1991)] are presented. Using the multiphysics, adaptive mesh refinement, higher order Godunov Eulerian hydrocode, Raptor [L. H. Howell and J. A. Greenough, J. Comput. Phys. 184, 53 (2003)], the late nonlinear instability evolution for multiple amplitude and phase realizations of a variety of multimode spectral types is considered. Compressibility effects preclude the emergence of a regime of self-similar instability growth independent of the initial conditions by allowing for memory of the initial conditions to be retained in the mix-width at all times. The loss of transverse spectral information is demonstrated, however, along with the existence of a quasi-self-similar regime over short time intervals. Certain aspects of the initial conditions, including the rms amplitude, are shown to have a strong effect on the time to transition to the quasi-self-similar regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANAR transistors
KW  - JUNCTION transistors
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR junctions
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14909938; Miies, A. R. 1,2 Edwards, M. J. 1 Greenough, J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-021 (7000 East Avenue), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551  2: University of Maryland college Park, college !`ark, Maryland 20741; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5278; Subject Term: PLANAR transistors; Subject Term: JUNCTION transistors; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR junctions; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804181
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909938&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ishida, Akio
AU  - Harahap, Caesar O.
AU  - Steinhauer, Loren C.
AU  - Peng, Y.-K. Martin
T1  - Ellipticity criterion for flowing two-fluid high β equilibria.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5297
EP  - 5301
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - An improved formalism for flowing two-fluid equilibria with nonuniform density is developed in the absence of dissipation. The system for axisymmetric equilibria can be expressed using second-order partial differential equations for the stream functions of the generalized vorticities of the electron and ion fluids. It is found that the equilibrium equations are elliptic when the poloidal ion flow speed is less than the sound speed. This property differs markedly from the single-fluid model. The two-fluid result is compared with that for the single-fluid model. It is important to determine if well-confined flowing plasmas satisfy this ellipiticity criterion throughout the plasma. Measurements of plasma poloidal flow velocities in high β plasmas are therefore encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID mechanics
N1  - Accession Number: 14909937; Ishida, Akio 1 Harahap, Caesar O. 2 Steinhauer, Loren C. 3 Peng, Y.-K. Martin 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Japan  2: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan  3: Redmond Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Redmond, Washington 98052  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5297; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804533
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909937&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolesnichenko, Ya. I.
AU  - Lutsenko, V. V.
AU  - White, R. B.
AU  - Yakovenko, Yu. V.
T1  - Energetic ion transport and concomitant change of the fusion reactivity during reconnection events in spherical tori.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5302
EP  - 5315
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Effects of MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) reconnection events on the beam-plasma fusion reactivity and transport of the beam ions are studied. Based on the analysis of fusion reactivity changes induced by MHD events, the conclusion is drawn that the strong drops of the neutron yield during sawtooth crashes observed in the national spherical torus experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] are associated with both a particle redistribution inside the plasma and a loss of the beam ions. Mechanisms of the energetic ion transport during sawtooth crashes are analyzed, in particular, with the use of the resonance adiabatic invariant derived in this paper. A numerical simulation of the particle motion during a sawtooth crash in NSTX is done with the code OFSEF (orbit following in the sawtooth electromagnetic field) [Ya. I. Kolesnichenko et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 1325 (2000)] extended for a better description of the particle precession. It is shown that the motion of toroidally passing particles in NSTX can become stochastic under the influence of a crash. This stochasticity, as well as the motion along the resonance island, leads to the escape of some particles from the plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PLASMA electrodynamics
KW  - DYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14909936; Kolesnichenko, Ya. I. 1 Lutsenko, V. V. 1 White, R. B. 2 Yakovenko, Yu. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research, Prospekt Nauky 47, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , Princeton, New Jersey; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5302; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PLASMA electrodynamics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804535
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909936&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Degrassie, J. S.
AU  - Burrell, K. H.
AU  - Baylor, L. R.
AU  - Houlberg, W.
AU  - Lohr, J.
T1  - Publisher’s Note: “Toroidal rotation in DIII-D in electron cyclotron heating and Ohmic H-mode discharges” [Phys. Plasmas 11, 4323 (2004)].
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 11
IS  - 11
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 5368
EP  - 5368
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Reprints a correction to the article "Toroidal rotation in Dlll-D in electron cyclotron heating and Ohmic H-mode discharges," which appeared in October 22, 2004 issue of "Physics of Plasmas," published online.
KW  - PERIODICALS
N1  - Accession Number: 14909926; Degrassie, J. S. 1 Burrell, K. H. 1 Baylor, L. R. 2 Houlberg, W. 2 Lohr, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: GeneraI Atomics, P0. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P0. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 11 Issue 11, p5368; Subject Term: PERIODICALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414420 Book, periodical and newspaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451310 Book stores and news dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451212 News Dealers and Newsstands; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1806473
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14909926&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Wesolowski, David J.
T1  - Long-Term Energy Solutions: The Truth Behind the Silent Lie.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 11
M3  - Letter
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor in response to the article about the impact of population growth on fossil fuel consumption featured in a 2004 issue of "Physics Today."
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
N1  - Accession Number: 14961212; Wesolowski, David J. 1; Email Address: Vwesolowskid@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 57 Issue 11, p14; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 231
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Morse, William
T1  - Long-Term Energy Solutions: The Truth Behind the Silent Lie.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 11
M3  - Letter
SP  - 17
EP  - 17
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor about social control.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - SOCIAL control
N1  - Accession Number: 14963038; Morse, William 1; Email Address: morse@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 57 Issue 11, p17; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: SOCIAL control; Number of Pages: 1/6p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 310
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDonald, Joseph C.
AU  - Coursey, Bert M.
AU  - Carter, Michael
T1  - Detecting Illicit Radioactive Sources.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 36
EP  - 41
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Reports on the efforts of scientists to develop instruments to search for material that terrorists might use to fashion dirty bombs or a nuclear device.  Factors that complicate the screening process in U.S. ports of entry; Topics discussed at the International Atomic Energy Agency conference in 2003; Information on basic types of portable instruments for detecting special nuclear materials developed by U.S. laboratories.  INSET: Quantities and Units.
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - TERRORISM
KW  - BOMBINGS
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 14961741; McDonald, Joseph C. 1 Coursey, Bert M. 2 Carter, Michael 3; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory fellow, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Director of standards, Department of Homeland Security  3: Science adviser to the Assistant Secretary for Science and Technology, Department of Homeland Security; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 57 Issue 11, p36; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: TERRORISM; Subject Term: BOMBINGS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 4502
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Woods, Mark
AU  - Ruppel, Tom
AU  - Mann, Al
AU  - Sarkus, Tom
AU  - Cutright, Ron
AU  - Noceti, Pieri
AU  - Wendt, Jost O. L.
T1  - REBURN REVIVAL?
JO  - Power Engineering
JF  - Power Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 108
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 156
PB  - PennWell Corporation
SN  - 00325961
AB  - Presents information on reburning technology for nitrous oxide control.  Combustion modification technologies that followed the low-nitrous oxide burner; Organizations that supported the development of reburning technology on utility-scale coal-fired boilers; Most common reasons given by shutting down and/or decommissioning reburning units.
KW  - Coal-fired furnaces
KW  - Nitrous oxide
KW  - Coal-fired power plants
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Associations, institutions, etc.
N1  - Accession Number: 15227238; Woods, Mark 1; Ruppel, Tom 1; Mann, Al 1; Email Address: Al.Mann@pp.netl.doe.gov; Sarkus, Tom 2; Cutright, Ron 2; Noceti, Pieri 2; Wendt, Jost O. L. 3; Affiliations: 1: Parsons Corporation; 2: National Energy Technology Laboratory; 3: University of Arizona; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 11, p150; Thesaurus Term: Coal-fired furnaces; Thesaurus Term: Nitrous oxide; Thesaurus Term: Coal-fired power plants; Thesaurus Term: Combustion; Subject Term: Associations, institutions, etc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political Organizations); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BERLYAND, LEONID
AU  - GOLOVATY, DMITRY
AU  - MOVCHAN, ALEXANDER
AU  - PHILLIPS, JONATHAN
T1  - Transport properties of densely packed composites. Effect of shapes and spacings of inclusions.
JO  - Quarterly Journal of Mechanics & Applied Mathematics
JF  - Quarterly Journal of Mechanics & Applied Mathematics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 57
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 495
EP  - 528
SN  - 00335614
AB  - We analyse transport properties of fluid/solid and solid/solid composites containing finite arrays of closely spaced rigid inclusions when a host medium is either an elastic matrix or an incompressible fluid. The appropriate choice of the number of inclusions and the symmetry of a periodicity cell allows us to introduce simple, yet physically relevant models so that effective characteristics of homogenized media can be investigated analytically. For various applied loads and shapes of (polydisperse) inclusions we demonstrate the spatial non-uniformity of geometric configurations corresponding to either lowest dissipation rate (for fluid/solid composites) or to minimal stiffness (for solid/solid composites). In order to find the optimal configurations, we use a unified framework based on asymptotic expansions in terms of inter-inclusion distances. Furthermore, we compare effective transport properties of composite materials containing inclusions with either flat or curved boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
AB  - Copyright of Quarterly Journal of Mechanics & Applied Mathematics is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - ENERGY dissipation
N1  - Accession Number: 44553011; BERLYAND, LEONID 1 GOLOVATY, DMITRY 2; Email Address: dmitry@math.uakron.edu MOVCHAN, ALEXANDER 3 PHILLIPS, JONATHAN 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mathematics & MRI, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  2: Department of Theoretical and Applied Mathematics, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-4002, USA  3: Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Engineering Sciences and Applications Division, P.O. Box 1663,M S C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 57 Issue 4, p495; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: ENERGY dissipation; Number of Pages: 34p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shilov, V.
AU  - Fedoseev, A.
AU  - Yusov, A.
AU  - Delegard, C.
T1  - Behavior of Np(VII, VI, V) in silicate solutions.
JO  - Radiochemistry
JF  - Radiochemistry
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 574
EP  - 577
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10663622
AB  - Properties of Np(VII, VI, V) in silicate solutions were studied spectrophotometrically. In noncomplexing media, the Np(VII) cation transforms into the anionic species at pH 5.5-7.5. In the presence of carbonate ions, this rearrangement occurs at pH 10-11.5, and in silicate solutions, at pH 10.5-12.0. These data show that Np(VII) cation forms complexes with carbonate and silicate ions, the latter being stronger. From the competitive reactions of Np(VI) complex formation with carbonate and silicate ions, the stability of NpO2SiO3 complex was estimated (log ß = 16.5) using the known stability constant of NpO2(CO3). Complexation of Np(V) with SiOions was not detected by the methods used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Radiochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - ELECTROLYSIS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16778534; Shilov, V. 1 Fedoseev, A. 1 Yusov, A. 1 Delegard, C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 46 Issue 6, p574; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SILICATES; Subject Term: ELECTROLYSIS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s11137-005-0030-9
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stoyanov, E.
AU  - Smirnov, I.
AU  - Babain, V.
AU  - Antonov, N.
AU  - Peterman, D.
AU  - Herbst, R.
AU  - Todd, T.
AU  - Luther, T.
T1  - Complexation of polyethylene glycol with Sr2+ and Ba2+ cations in extracts containing chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide.
JO  - Radiochemistry
JF  - Radiochemistry
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 587
EP  - 592
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 10663622
AB  - The composition and structure of complexes that are formed in the system consisting of chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide (CCD), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and Sr2+ or Ba2+ in a polar diluent, dichloroethane or phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone, were studied by IR and NMR spectroscopy. In extraction of Sr2+ and Ba2+ with solutions of [H5O·PEG]CCD-, the organic phase contains the ionic associates [M2+·PEG]CCD. The Sr2+ and Ba2+ complexes have similar composition and structure: The oxygen atoms of two OH groups and six COC groups of a PEG molecule fill the first coordination sphere of the metal ions. Also, no more than two water molecules can be coordinated in the second sphere, forming hydrogen bonds with the hydrogen atoms of two OH groups of PEG. The coordination of the OH groups of PEG with the Sr2+ and Ba2+ ions is preferable over the coordination of the COC groups, as follows from the fact that the extraction of Sr2+ and Ba2+ with CCD-PEG mixtures gets worse on replacement of the OH groups of PEG by other substituents. A considerable increase in the efficiency of Sr2+ and Ba2+ extraction with H-CCD solutions in the presence of PEG is due to the fact that all the H2O molecules in the first coordination spheres of the M2+ ions are replaced by the COC and OH groups of PEG with the formation of a hydrophobic complex [M2+·PEG](H2O)2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Radiochemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE glycol
KW  - ETHYLENE dichloride
KW  - ELECTROLYSIS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - COBALT
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
N1  - Accession Number: 16778537; Stoyanov, E. 1 Smirnov, I. 2 Babain, V. 2 Antonov, N. 3 Peterman, D. 4 Herbst, R. 4 Todd, T. 4 Luther, T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences  2: Khlopin Radium Institute, Research and Production Association  3: Research Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University  4: Idaho National Laboratory; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 46 Issue 6, p587; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE glycol; Subject Term: ETHYLENE dichloride; Subject Term: ELECTROLYSIS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: COBALT; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s11137-005-0033-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - John Garrick, B.
AU  - Hall, James E.
AU  - Kilger, Max
AU  - McDonald, John C.
AU  - O'Toole, Tara
AU  - Probst, Peter S.
AU  - Rindskopf Parker, Elizabeth
AU  - Rosenthal, Robert
AU  - Trivelpiece, Alvin W.
AU  - Van Arsdale, Lee A.
AU  - Zebroski, Edwin L.
T1  - Confronting the risks of terrorism: making the right decisions
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 86
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 176
SN  - 09518320
AB  - This report offers a methodology for assessing, quantitatively, the risks of terrorism. The purpose of the methodology is to support effective decision making to combat terrorism. The emphasis is on terrorist attacks that could have catastrophic consequences. The perspective taken is that in order to make the right decisions about combating terrorism, their needs to be a systematic means of assessing the likelihood of such attacks. A process of implementation of the decisions resulting from risk assessment is essential. That process includes (1) an understanding of the nature of the threat, (2) an information system linked directly to ‘intelligence’ on terrorism, and (3) organizational structures that can take timely, coordinated, and effective actions. There must also be sound evidence that the methodology can be successfully applied. A description of the nature of terrorism, a terrorism risk assessment methodology, information requirements to fight terrorism, and recommendations for successful implementation is what this report is about. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - TERRORISM
KW  - DECISION making
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - MILITARY intelligence
KW  - Bayes theorem
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Quantitative risk assessment
KW  - Risk
KW  - Terrorism
KW  - Threat assessment
N1  - Accession Number: 14187072; John Garrick, B. 1; Email Address: bjgarrick@aol.com Hall, James E. 2 Kilger, Max 3 McDonald, John C. 4 O'Toole, Tara 5 Probst, Peter S. 6 Rindskopf Parker, Elizabeth 7 Rosenthal, Robert 8 Trivelpiece, Alvin W. 9 Van Arsdale, Lee A. 10 Zebroski, Edwin L. 11; Affiliation:  1: Independent Consultant, Laguna Beach, CA, USA  2: Hall and Associates, Washington, DC, USA  3: Symmetrical Resources, Deerfield, FL, USA  4: MBX, Inc., LaQuinta, CA, USA  5: University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA  6: Institute for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence, Fairfax, VA, USA  7: McGeorge School of Law, University of the Pacific, Sacramento, CA, USA  8: Booz Allen Hamilton, McLean, VA, USA  9: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Emeritus Director), Henderson, NV, USA  10: Unconventional Solutions, Inc., Las Vegas, NV, USA  11: Electric Power Research Institute (Retired), Los Altos, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 86 Issue 2, p129; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: TERRORISM; Subject Term: DECISION making; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; Subject Term: MILITARY intelligence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bayes theorem; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decision making; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantitative risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk; Author-Supplied Keyword: Terrorism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Threat assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 48p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.04.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farahani, Sara
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
AU  - Bryntse, Göran
T1  - CO2-free paper?
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
EP  - 336
SN  - 09213449
AB  - Black liquor gasification–combined cycle (BLGCC) is a new technology that has the potential to increase electricity production of a chemical pulping mill. Increased electricity generation in combination with the potential to use biomass (e.g. bark, hog fuel) more efficiently can result in increased power output compared to the conventional Tomlinson-boiler. Because the BLGCC enables an integrated pulp and paper mill to produce excess power, it can offset electricity produced by power plants. This may lead to reduction of the net-CO2 emissions. The impact of BLGCC to offset CO2 emissions from the pulp and paper industry is studied. We focus on two different plant designs and compare the situation in Sweden and the US. The CO2 emissions are studied as function of the share of recycled fibre used to make the paper. The study shows that under specific conditions the production of “CO2-free paper” is possible. First, energy efficiency in pulp and paper mills needs to be improved to allow the export of sufficient power to offset emissions from fossil fuels used in boilers and other equipment. Secondly, the net-CO2 emission per ton of paper depends strongly on the emission reduction credits for electricity export, and hence on the country or grid to which the paper mill is connected. Thirdly, supplemental use of biomass to replace fossil fuel inputs is important to reduce the overall emissions of the pulp and paper industry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Resources, Conservation & Recycling is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Biomass gasification
KW  - Sulfate waste liquor
KW  - Black liquor
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Gasification
KW  - Greenhouse gas emissions
KW  - Paper
N1  - Accession Number: 14580637; Farahani, Sara 1; Worrell, Ernst 2; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Bryntse, Göran 1; Affiliations: 1: School of Engineering, Dalarna University, SE-781 88 Borlänge, Sweden; 2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p317; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Biomass gasification; Subject Term: Sulfate waste liquor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Black liquor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Climate change; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gasification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Greenhouse gas emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Paper; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.03.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dale, Larry
T1  - Electricity price and Southern California’s water supply options
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 337
EP  - 350
SN  - 09213449
AB  - This paper evaluates the impact of fluctuating electricity prices on the cost of five options to increase the water supply to urban areas in Southern California—new surface storage, water purchases, desalination, wastewater recycling, and conservation.We show that the price of electricity required to produce and transport water influences the cost of water supply options and may alter the decision makers economic ranking of these options. When electricity prices are low, water purchase is the cost effective option. When prices exceed US$ 86/MWh, conservation of electricity and water through installation of high efficiency clothes washers is the most effective option. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Resources, Conservation & Recycling is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electricity
KW  - Water supply
KW  - Natural resources
KW  - California, Southern
KW  - Conservation
KW  - Electricity price
KW  - Southern California
N1  - Accession Number: 14580638; Dale, Larry 1; Email Address: lldale@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Camilla Dunham Whitehead, Andre Fargeix, Golden Gate Economics, 1 Cycltron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p337; Thesaurus Term: Electricity; Thesaurus Term: Water supply; Thesaurus Term: Natural resources; Subject: California, Southern; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electricity price; Author-Supplied Keyword: Southern California; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.03.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Worrell, Ernst
T1  - Economic Models of Climate Change: A Critique: Stephen J. DeCanio (Ed.), Palgrave Macmillan, August 2003, 224 pp., US$ 75.00, hardback, ISBN 1-4039-6335-5, US$ 24.95, paperback, ISBN 1-4039-6336-3
JO  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
JF  - Resources, Conservation & Recycling
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 389
EP  - 390
SN  - 09213449
N1  - Accession Number: 14580641; Worrell, Ernst 1; Email Address: eworrell@lbl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p389; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.03.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wishart, James F.
AU  - Cook, Andrew R.
AU  - Miller, John R.
T1  - The LEAF picosecond pulse radiolysis facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4359
EP  - 4366
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The BNL Laser-Electron Accelerator Facility (LEAF) uses a laser-pulsed photocathode, radio-frequency electron gun to generate >=7 ps pulses of 8.7 MeV electrons for pulse radiolysis experiments. The compact and operationally simple accelerator system includes synchronized laser pulses that can be used to probe or excite the electron-pulsed samples to examine the dynamics and reactivity of chemical species on the picosecond time scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - ELECTRON gun
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - PICOSECOND pulses
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
N1  - Accession Number: 14974916; Wishart, James F. 1; Email Address: wishart@bnl.gov Cook, Andrew R. 1 Miller, John R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4359; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: PICOSECOND pulses; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friedrich, Jochen
AU  - Fu, Jinmei
AU  - Hendrickson, Christopher L.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
AU  - Yi-Sheng Wang
T1  - Time resolved laser-induced fluorescence of electrosprayed ions confined in a linear quadrupole trap.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4511
EP  - 4515
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have designed and constructed a linear quadrupole ion trap for the measurement of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of mass selected gas-phase ions produced by electrospray ionization. The instrument consists of a simple electrospray source, radiofrequency octopole guide, a dc quadrupole bender, a quadrupole mass filter, the linear quadrupole trap (which is equipped with optics for LIF collection and a channeltron ion detector), and several multielement focusing lenses. With this instrument, the LIF decay lifetime of gas-phase Rhodamine 640 radical cations is determined for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - ION traps
KW  - IONS
KW  - QUADRUPOLES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC theory
KW  - ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 14974895; Friedrich, Jochen 1 Fu, Jinmei 1 Hendrickson, Christopher L. 1,2 Marshall, Alan G. 1,2; Email Address: marshall@magnet.fsu.edu Yi-Sheng Wang 3; Affiliation:  1: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4005  2: Member of Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306  3: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, Taiwan; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4511; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ION traps; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: QUADRUPOLES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC theory; Subject Term: ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1795111
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974895&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pinnaduwage, L. A.
AU  - Hedden, D. L.
AU  - Gehl, A.
AU  - Boiadjiev, V. I.
AU  - Hawk, J. E.
AU  - Farahi, R. H.
AU  - Thundat, T.
AU  - Houser, E. J.
AU  - Stepnowski, S.
AU  - McGill, R. A.
AU  - Deel, L.
AU  - Lareau, R. T.
T1  - A sensitive, handheld vapor sensor based on microcantilevers.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4554
EP  - 4557
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We report the development of a handheld sensor based on piezoresistive microcantilevers that does not depend on optical detection, yet has high detection sensitivity. The sensor is able to detect vapors from the plastic explosives pentaerythritol tetranitrate and hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine at levels below 10 parts per trillion within few seconds of exposure under ambient conditions. A differential measurement technique has yielded a rugged sensor that is unaffected by vibration and is able to function as a “sniffer.” The microelectromechanical system sensor design allows for the incorporation of hundreds of microcantilevers with suitable coatings in order to achieve sufficient selectivity in the future, and thus could provide an inexpensive, unique platform for the detection of chemical, biological, and explosive materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - SPECTRAL sensitivity
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate
KW  - ORGANONITROGEN compounds
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL devices
N1  - Accession Number: 14974888; Pinnaduwage, L. A. 1 Hedden, D. L. 1 Gehl, A. 1 Boiadjiev, V. I. 1 Hawk, J. E. 1 Farahi, R. H. 1 Thundat, T. 1 Houser, E. J. 2 Stepnowski, S. 2 McGill, R. A. 2 Deel, L. 3 Lareau, R. T. 4; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6122 and Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996  2: Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6370, Washington, DC 20375  3: Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, Washington, DC 20226  4: Transportation Security Administration, Transportation Security Research and Development Division, William J. Hughes Technical Center, Bldg. 315, Atlantic City International Airport, New Jersey 08405; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4554; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRAL sensitivity; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PENTAERYTHRITOL tetranitrate; Subject Term: ORGANONITROGEN compounds; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL devices; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804998
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974888&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Feng
AU  - Shulman, Jason
AU  - Yuyi Xue
AU  - Chu, C. W.
AU  - Nolas, George S.
T1  - Thermal conductivity measurement under hydrostatic pressure using the 3ω method.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4578
EP  - 4584
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have designed and modeled new techniques, based on the 3ω method, to measure thermal conductivity of liquids (κl) and solids (κs) under hydrostatic pressure (P). The system involves a solid sample immersed in a liquid pressure medium, both of which have unknown thermal properties. The temperature (T) and P dependance of κl are first determined through the use of a modified 3ω technique. This method uses a conducting wire (Pt, in this work), which is immersed in the pressure medium, as the heater/sensor. In addition to κl, this allows for the accurate determination of the specific heat per volume of the liquid and Pt, (ρC)l and (ρC)Pt, respectively. The information of κl and (ρC)l can then be used to make corrections to measurements of κs, in which the sample is immersed in the pressure medium, and a metal strip acts as the heater/sensor. We present the T and P dependence of κl and (ρC)l for the widely used pressure medium 3M Fluorinert FC77 up to 0.8 GPa. The measurement of κs for a thermoelectric clathrate material, Sr8Ga16Ge30, in FC77 is analyzed in detail, and the refined data achieves an accuracy of 1%. The setup can be modified to measure κ and ρC up to 3.5 GPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 14974882; Chen, Feng 1; Email Address: fchen@uh.edu Shulman, Jason 1 Yuyi Xue 1 Chu, C. W. 1,2 Nolas, George S. 3; Affiliation:  1: Texas Center for Superconductivity and Advanced Materials, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5002  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  3: Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4578; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805771
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974882&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marley, Nancy A.
AU  - Gaffney, Jeffrey S.
AU  - White, Robert V.
AU  - Rodriguez-Cuadra, Luis
AU  - Herndon, Scott E.
AU  - Dunlea, Ed
AU  - Volkamer, Rainer M.
AU  - Molina, Luisa T.
AU  - Molina, Mario J.
T1  - Fast gas chromatography with luminol chemiluminescence detection for the simultaneous determination of nitrogen dioxide and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the atmosphere.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4595
EP  - 4605
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - An instrument has been designed and constructed for the simultaneous determination of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in atmospheric samples. The instrument’s design is based on separation by fast gas chromatography (GC) with a 30 ft capillary column (DB-1) followed by detection by luminol chemiluminescence. The chemiluminescent reaction between NO2 or PAN and luminol takes place at the gas–liquid interface on the surface of a solid support. The chemiluminescent emission at 425 nm is detected with a photon counting module. The instrument is controlled by a 1.8 GHz Notebook computer with a WINDOWS 2000 operating system and a custom software application programmed in LABVIEW. Detection limits are in the low parts per trillion (ppt) with a time resolution of 30 s to 1 min. The instrument was operated during the Mexico City Metropolitan Area/Mexico City Megacity 2003 collaborative air quality study. Results for NO2 from this fast GC method were compared with results from a co-located differential optical absorption spectrometer (DOAS) and a tunable diode laser absorption spectromenter (TDLAS). The results support the application of the new luminol-based instrument for atmospheric measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS chromatography
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - CHEMILUMINESCENCE
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - NITROGEN dioxide
KW  - NITROGEN oxides
KW  - PEROXYACETYL nitrate
KW  - PEROXIDES
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
N1  - Accession Number: 14974884; Marley, Nancy A. 1 Gaffney, Jeffrey S. 1; Email Address: gaffney@anl.gov White, Robert V. 1 Rodriguez-Cuadra, Luis 1 Herndon, Scott E. 2 Dunlea, Ed 3 Volkamer, Rainer M. 3 Molina, Luisa T. 3 Molina, Mario J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4843  2: Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821-3976  3: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4595; Subject Term: GAS chromatography; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: CHEMILUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: NITROGEN dioxide; Subject Term: NITROGEN oxides; Subject Term: PEROXYACETYL nitrate; Subject Term: PEROXIDES; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805271
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974884&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerhardt, S. P.
AU  - Anderson, D. T.
AU  - Anderson, F. S. B.
AU  - Talmadge, J. N.
T1  - Electrode and Langmuir probe tools used for flow damping studies in the Helically Symmetric Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4621
EP  - 4628
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A system of electrodes and Langmuir probes has been developed for the measurement of plasma flow damping in the Helically Symmetric Experiment (HSX) stellarator. A biased electrode is used to apply a J×B torque to the plasma. The fast switching electrode power supply allows the electrode voltage to be applied in ∼1 μs, which is much faster than any of the plasma time scales; the electrode current is terminated on a similar time scale at the end of the electrode pulse. A pair of multitipped Mach probes have been designed to measure the plasma flows in a magnetic surface with good spatial and time resolution (Δt>20 μs). The unmagnetized model by Hutchinson is used to analyze the Mach probe data, and radial force balance is found to be well satisfied during electrode bias. These probes allow for measurements of the transient response of the plasma flows and floating potential when the electrode is energized. An example of using the system for the estimation of viscous damping times in HSX is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - PLASMA frequencies
KW  - DAMPING (Mechanics)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies
N1  - Accession Number: 14974868; Gerhardt, S. P. 1,2; Email Address: sgerhard@pppl.gov Anderson, D. T. 1 Anderson, F. S. B. 1 Talmadge, J. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53703  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4621; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: PLASMA frequencies; Subject Term: DAMPING (Mechanics); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTRONICS -- Equipment & supplies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804832
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974868&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dudchik, Y. I.
AU  - Kolchevsky, N. N.
AU  - Komarov, F. F.
AU  - Piestrup, M. A.
AU  - Cremer, J. T.
AU  - Gary, C. K.
AU  - Park, H.
AU  - Khounsary, A. M.
T1  - Microspot x-ray focusing using a short focal-length compound refractive lenses.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4651
EP  - 4655
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have fabricated and tested short focal-length compound refractive lenses (CRLs) composed of microbubbles embedded in epoxy encased in glass capillaries. The interface between the bubbles formed 90 to 350 spherical biconcave microlenses reducing the overall focal length inversely by the number of lenses or bubbles. When compared with CRLs manufactured using other methods, the microbubble lenses have shorter focal lengths with higher transmissions and larger gains for moderate energy x rays (e.g., 7–20 keV). We used beamline 2–3 at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory and beamline 5BM-D-DND at the Advanced Photon Source to measure focal lengths between 100–250 mm with lens apertures varying between 97 and 321 μm. Transmission profiles were measured giving, for example, a peak transmission of 46% for a 240 mm focal length CRL at 20 keV. The focal-spot sizes were also measured yielding, for example, a vertical spot size of 1.2 μm resulting from an approximate 20-fold demagnification of the APS 23 μm source size. The measured gains in intensity over that of unfocused beam were between 9 and 26. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - IONIZING radiation
KW  - LENSES
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14974877; Dudchik, Y. I. 1; Email Address: dudchik@bsu.by Kolchevsky, N. N. 1 Komarov, F. F. 1 Piestrup, M. A. 2; Email Address: melpie@adelphitech.com Cremer, J. T. 2 Gary, C. K. 2 Park, H. 2 Khounsary, A. M. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Applied Physics Problems, Kurchatova 7, 220064, Minsk, Belarus  2: Adelphi Technology, Inc. 981-B Industrial Road, San Carlos, California 94070  3: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4651; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: IONIZING radiation; Subject Term: LENSES; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809289
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974877&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Padilla, W. J.
AU  - Li, Z. Q.
AU  - Burch, K. S.
AU  - Lee, Y. S.
AU  - Mikolaitis, K. J.
AU  - Basov, D. N.
T1  - Broadband multi-interferometer spectroscopy in high magnetic fields: From THz to visible.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4710
EP  - 4717
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We present a system capable of broad band frequency domain spectroscopy in the range 6–20 000 cm-1 at cryogenic temperatures. The apparatus couples two different interferometers to a 9 Tesla superconducting split coil magnet and is designed to work with various detectors, including thermal bolometers and semiconducting detectors. The optical layout utilizes an intermediate focus while preserving optical f/#’s throughout enabling DC magnetic field measurements of small crystals with polarized light in both Voight and Faraday geometries. A reference channel eliminates errors associated with system drift and facilitates determination of the optical constants. For transparent samples, simultaneous reflection and transmission can be performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL interferometers
KW  - FREQUENCY spectra
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - OPTICAL constants
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14974863; Padilla, W. J. 1,2 Li, Z. Q. 1 Burch, K. S. 1 Lee, Y. S. 1 Mikolaitis, K. J. 1 Basov, D. N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0319  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-10, MS K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4710; Subject Term: OPTICAL interferometers; Subject Term: FREQUENCY spectra; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: OPTICAL constants; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805252
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974863&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kapp, Oscar H.
AU  - Yin-e Sun
AU  - Kwang-Je Kim
AU  - Crewe, Albert V.
T1  - Modification of a scanning electron microscope to produce Smith–Purcell radiation.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4732
EP  - 4741
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We have modified a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in an attempt to produce a miniature free electron laser that can produce radiation in the far infrared region, which is difficult to obtain otherwise. This device is similar to the instrument studied by the Dartmouth group and functions on the basic principles first described by Smith and Purcell. The electron beam of the SEM is passed over a metal grating and should be capable of producing photons either in the spontaneous emission regime or in the superradiance regime if the electron beam is sufficiently bright. The instrument is capable of being continuously tuned by virtue of the period of the metal grating and the choice of accelerating voltage. The emitted Smith–Purcell photons exit the instrument via a polyethylene window and are detected by an infrared bolometer. Although we have obtained power levels exceeding nanowatts in the spontaneous emission regime, we have thus far not been able to detect a clear example of superradiance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PHOTON emission
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON optics
N1  - Accession Number: 14974861; Kapp, Oscar H. 1 Yin-e Sun 1 Kwang-Je Kim 1,2 Crewe, Albert V. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60539; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4732; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopes; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PHOTON emission; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808894
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974861&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blue, B. E.
AU  - Hansen, J. F.
AU  - Tobin, M. T.
AU  - Eder, D. C.
AU  - Robey, H. F.
T1  - Debris mitigation in pinhole-apertured point-projection backlit imaging.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4775
EP  - 4777
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Pinhole-apertured point-projection x-ray radiography is an important diagnostic technique for obtaining high resolution, high contrast, and large field-of-view images used to diagnose the hydrodynamic evolution of high energy density experiments. In this technique, a pinhole aperture is placed between a laser irradiated foil (x-ray source) and an imaging detector. In the present geometry, the x rays that are not transmitted through the pinhole aperture, ablate the pinhole substrate’s surface, and turn it into a flyer plate. The pinhole substrate then breaks apart into shrapnel, and that shrapnel can damage diagnostics inside the target chamber. In this letter, we present a technique on mitigating the debris by using a tilted pinhole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - RADIOGRAPHY
KW  - SCIENTIFIC photography
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - DIAGNOSTIC fluoroscopy
KW  - RADIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 14974855; Blue, B. E. 1; Email Address: blue3@llnl.gov Hansen, J. F. 1 Tobin, M. T. 1 Eder, D. C. 1 Robey, H. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4775; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: RADIOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC photography; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: DIAGNOSTIC fluoroscopy; Subject Term: RADIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809288
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974855&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jeon, Sangmin
AU  - Braiman, Yehuda
AU  - Thundat, Thomas
T1  - Cross talk between bending, twisting, and buckling modes of three types of microcantilever sensors.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4841
EP  - 4844
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Microcantilevers generally deflect in three ways: bending, twisting, and buckling. Among these, the accurate measurement of bending is essential for atomic force microscopy imaging and sensing applications. However, it was found that the bending of certain cantilevers can be coupled with twisting and buckling of the cantilever. In this article, cross talk between bending and twisting modes of microcantilevers of three different designs such as rectangular, triangular, and piezoresistive cantilevers is described. For the experiments, a thermal stress was applied to the rectangular and triangular cantilevers, and a Lorentz force was exerted on the triangular and the piezoresistive cantilevers. While the bending of the rectangular cantilever induced a negligible amount of twisting when heated, the triangular cantilevers showed nonlinear twisting responses during bending. This nonlinear response of the triangular cantilever was attributed to the variations in the spring constants between the two legs. When a Lorentz force was exerted on the triangular cantilevers, coupling of the bending and twisting modes depended on the direction of a magnetic field. For the piezoresistive cantilevers, a Lorentz force induced the in-phase buckling which accompanied both the bending and twisting modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLEXURE
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14974844; Jeon, Sangmin 1; Email Address: s59@ornl.gov Braiman, Yehuda 2 Thundat, Thomas 1; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4841; Subject Term: FLEXURE; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809259
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974844&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McComas, D. J.
AU  - Allegrini, F.
AU  - Pollock, C. J.
AU  - Funsten, H. O.
AU  - Ritzau, S.
AU  - Gloeckler, G.
T1  - Ultrathin (∼10 nm) carbon foils in space instrumentation.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4863
EP  - 4870
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Over the past several decades, a number of groups have successfully developed and flown space instruments based on ultrathin (0.5–3.5 μg cm-2 or ∼2–17 nm nominal thickness) carbon foils suspended on fine metallic grids. These foils have proven to be remarkably robust in surviving the rigors of the launch and space environments and have functioned as required over long mission lifetimes. This study examines the scientific basis of possible failure mechanisms and the actual flight histories of ultrathin carbon foils. In all, we were able to document 138 separate foils used in 17 independent space instruments on 16 different spacecraft with a cumulative functioning flight history of 93 foil-years in space. All of these foils clearly survived their launches, and there is no evidence for any significant degradation over their various flight histories. This successful flight heritage, combined with laboratory data on foil survivability, shows that properly implemented ultrathin carbon foils are a mature and reliable technology for space flight applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL foils
KW  - SHEET-metal
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - INSTRUMENT industry
N1  - Accession Number: 14974841; McComas, D. J. 1; Email Address: dmccomas@swri.edu Allegrini, F. 1 Pollock, C. J. 1 Funsten, H. O. 2 Ritzau, S. 3 Gloeckler, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78228-0510  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: ON Semiconductor, East Greenwich, Rhode Island 02818  4: University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4863; Subject Term: METAL foils; Subject Term: SHEET-metal; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: RESEARCH -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: INSTRUMENT industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423490 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332999 All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809265
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Celliers, P. M.
AU  - Bradley, D. K.
AU  - Collins, G. W.
AU  - Hicks, D. G.
AU  - Boehly, T. R.
AU  - Armstrong, W. J.
T1  - Line-imaging velocimeter for shock diagnostics at the OMEGA laser facility.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 4916
EP  - 4929
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A line-imaging velocity interferometer has been implemented at the OMEGA laser facility of the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester. This instrument is the primary diagnostic for a variety of experiments involving laser-driven shock-wave propagation, including high-pressure equation of state experiments, materials characterization experiments, shock characterization for Rayleigh–Taylor experiments, and shock timing experiments for inertial confinement fusion research. Using a laser probe beam to illuminate a target, the instrument measures shock breakout times at temporal resolutions as low as 20 ps, and spatial resolution ∼4 μm. For velocity measurements the detection limit is <0.1 km/s, and velocities of interfaces, free surfaces, and shock fronts traveling through transparent media can be measured with accuracies ∼1% over the range from 4 km/s to greater than 50 km/s. Quantitative measurements of the optical reflectance of ionizing shock fronts can also be obtained simultaneously with the velocity measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFEROMETERS
KW  - OPTICAL instruments
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
KW  - MEASUREMENT
N1  - Accession Number: 14974834; Celliers, P. M. 1; Email Address: celliers1@llnl.gov Bradley, D. K. 1 Collins, G. W. 1 Hicks, D. G. 1 Boehly, T. R. 2 Armstrong, W. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p4916; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL instruments; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; Subject Term: MEASUREMENT; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 446130 Optical Goods Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974834&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhenxian Liu
AU  - Jian Xu
AU  - Scott, Henry P.
AU  - Williams, Quentin
AU  - Ho-kwang Mao
AU  - Hemley, Russell J.
T1  - Moissanite (SiC) as windows and anvils for high-pressure infrared spectroscopy.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5026
EP  - 5029
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The optical properties of the moissanite (single-crystal 6H-SiC) and its performance as anvil material for high-pressure infrared spectroscopic measurements have been examined. Tests were carried out to 53 GPa using moissanite anvil cells combined with synchrotron radiation and globar as infrared sources. In the region of characteristic phonon absorption of diamond (1900–2300 cm-1), the transmitted signal measured through 4 mm of moissanite single crystals is 5–10 times higher than that obtained with type-II diamond anvils. No significant change of the transmission spectra through the moissanite anvils was observed over the pressure range studied; however, we also present mid infrared absorption spectra of powdered SiC to 43 GPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOISSANITE
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14974819; Zhenxian Liu 1,2; Email Address: zxliu@bnl.gov Jian Xu 1 Scott, Henry P. 3 Williams, Quentin 4 Ho-kwang Mao 1 Hemley, Russell J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015  2: U2A Beamline, Bldg. 725, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46634  4: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p5026; Subject Term: MOISSANITE; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: OPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808123
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974819&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, B.
AU  - Deeney, C.
AU  - McKenney, J. L.
AU  - Garrity, J. E.
AU  - Lobley, D. K.
AU  - Martin, K. L.
AU  - Griego, A. E.
AU  - Ramacciotti, J. P.
AU  - Bland, S. N.
AU  - Lebedev, S. V.
AU  - Bott, S. C.
AU  - Ampleford, D. J.
AU  - Palmer, J. B. A.
AU  - Rapley, J.
AU  - Hall, G.
T1  - Chemically etched modulation in wire radius for wire array Z-pinch perturbation studies.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 5030
EP  - 5034
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A technique for manufacturing wires with imposed modulation in radius with axial wavelengths as short as 1 mm is presented. Extruded aluminum 5056 with 15 μm diameter was masked and chemically etched to reduce the radius by ∼20% in selected regions. Characterized by scanning electron microscopy, the modulation in radius is a step function with a ∼10 μm wide conical transition between thick and thin segments, with some pitting in etched regions. Techniques for mounting and aligning these wires in arrays for fast z-pinch experiments will be discussed. Axially mass-modulated wire arrays of this type will allow the study of seeded Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities in z pinches, corona formation, wire initiation with varying current density in the wire core, and correlation of perturbations between adjacent wires. This tool will support magnetohydrodynamics code validation in complex three-dimensional geometries, and perhaps x-ray pulse shaping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WIRE
KW  - ELASTIC rods & wires
KW  - MANUFACTURES
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - PRODUCTION engineering
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14974818; Jones, B. 1; Email Address: bmjones@sandia.gov Deeney, C. 1 McKenney, J. L. 1 Garrity, J. E. 2 Lobley, D. K. 2 Martin, K. L. 2 Griego, A. E. 2 Ramacciotti, J. P. 2 Bland, S. N. 3 Lebedev, S. V. 3 Bott, S. C. 3 Ampleford, D. J. 3 Palmer, J. B. A. 3 Rapley, J. 3 Hall, G. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123  2: MPCL/Ktech Corp., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123  3: Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p5030; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: ELASTIC rods & wires; Subject Term: MANUFACTURES; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: PRODUCTION engineering; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 339999 All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339990 All other miscellaneous manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808371
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974818&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ryutov, Dmitri
T1  - Erratum: “Thermal stresses in the reflective x-ray optics for the Linac Coherent Light Source” [Rev. Sci. Instrum.74, 3722 (2003)].
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 75
IS  - 11
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 5059
EP  - 5059
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - Presents a correction to numerical values and typographical errors in the article "Thermal Stress in the Reflective X-Ray Optics for the Linac Coherent Light Source," published in the volume 74, 2003 issue of the "Review of Scientific Instruments."
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 14974813; Ryutov, Dmitri 1; Affiliation:  1: Fusion Energy Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-630, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 75 Issue 11, p5059; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804975
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14974813&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keiser, Dennis D.
AU  - Clark, Curtis R.
AU  - Meyer, Mitchell K.
T1  - Phase development in Al-rich U–Mo–Al alloys
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 51
IS  - 9
M3  - Article
SP  - 893
EP  - 898
SN  - 13596462
AB  - Al-rich U–Mo–Al alloys have been cast and heat-treated to study the development of Al-rich phases in the U–Mo–Al system. An Al-rich phase developed that is not expected based on the binary U–Al phase diagram. This phase is identical to one that reportedly develops in U–Mo alloy versus Al diffusion couples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopes
KW  - Aluminium alloys
KW  - Phase transformations
KW  - Scanning electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14185580; Keiser, Dennis D.; Email Address: dennis.keiser@anl.gov Clark, Curtis R. 1 Meyer, Mitchell K. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering Technology, Argonne National Laboratory-West, P.O. Box 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83402-2528, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 51 Issue 9, p893; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminium alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase transformations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.033
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14185580&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koch, Mark W.
AU  - Haschke, Greg B.
AU  - Malone, Kevin T.
T1  - Classifying Acoustic Signatures Using the Sequential Probability Ratio Test.
JO  - Sequential Analysis
JF  - Sequential Analysis
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 557
EP  - 583
SN  - 07474946
AB  - Acoustic sensors can provide real time information about moving targets. The acoustic information is typically processed sequentially, allowing the sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) to be used as the basis to solve the target identification problem. The SPRT keeps gathering observations only as long as the statistical test has a value between the upper stopping boundary and the lower stopping boundary. When the test goes above the upper boundary or below the lower boundary, the system can make a decision. The desired false alarm error rate and the desired missed detection error rate determine the upper and lower stopping boundaries. We present extensions to the sequential probability ratio test to handle problems of dependence, contamination, and the unknown class. We also present results for using the SPRT for target identification using acoustic information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Sequential Analysis is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEQUENTIAL analysis
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - SOUND
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - RATIO measurement
KW  - Contaminated observations
KW  - Dependent observations
KW  - Sequential pattern recognition
KW  - Sequential probability ratio test
KW  - Unknown class
N1  - Accession Number: 15123759; Koch, Mark W. 1; Email Address: mwkoch@sandia.gov Haschke, Greg B. 2 Malone, Kevin T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sensor Exploitation Applications Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA  2: Radar Analysis Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA  3: Signal Processing Applications, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p557; Subject Term: SEQUENTIAL analysis; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: SOUND; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: RATIO measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contaminated observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dependent observations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential pattern recognition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sequential probability ratio test; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unknown class; Number of Pages: 27p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SQA-200038996
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15123759&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cheng, Jing-Jy
AU  - Hlohowskyj, Ihor
AU  - Tsao, Chih Lun
T1  - Ecological Risk Assessment of Radiological Exposure to Depleted Uranium in Soils at a Weapons Testing Facility.
JO  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
JF  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 579
EP  - 595
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 15320383
AB  - The potential for unacceptable risks to biota from radiological exposure to depleted uranium (DU) in soils was evaluated at two sites where DU weapons testing had been conducted in the past. A screening risk assessment was conducted to determine if measured concentration of DU-associated radionuclides in site soils exceed radionuclide levels considered protective of biota. While concentrations of individual radionuclides did not exceed acceptable levels, total radionuclide concentrations could result in potentially unacceptable doses to exposed biota. Thus, a receptor-specific assessment was conducted to estimate external and internal radiological doses to vegetation and wildlife known or expected to occur at the sites. Wildlife evaluated included herbivores, omnivores, and top-level predators. Internal dose estimates to wildlife considered exposure via fugitive dust inhalation and soil and food ingestion; root uptake was the primary exposure route evaluated for vegetation. Total doses were compared with acceptable dose levels of 1.0 and 0.1 rad/day for vegetation and wildlife, respectively with potentially unacceptable risks indicated for doses exceeding these levels. All estimated doses were below or approximated acceptable levels, typically by an order of magnitude or more. These results indicate that current levels of DU in soils do not pose unacceptable radiological risk to biota at the sites evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Soil & Sediment Contamination is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Uranium
KW  - Soils
KW  - Radiology
KW  - Weapons
KW  - biota dose limits.
KW  - Depleted uranium
KW  - ecological dose modeling
KW  - ecological risk assessment
KW  - radiation exposure
N1  - Accession Number: 15381167; Cheng, Jing-Jy 1; Hlohowskyj, Ihor 1; Email Address: hlohowskyj@anl.gov; Tsao, Chih Lun 2; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL, USA.; 2: CH2M Hill, Sacramento, CA, USA.; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p579; Thesaurus Term: Ecology; Thesaurus Term: Risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Uranium; Thesaurus Term: Soils; Subject Term: Radiology; Subject Term: Weapons; Author-Supplied Keyword: biota dose limits.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Depleted uranium; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological dose modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: radiation exposure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10588330490519455
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15381167&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rossignol, C.
AU  - Ralph, J.M.
AU  - Bae, J.-M.
AU  - Vaughey, J.T.
T1  - Ln1−xSrxCoO3 (Ln=Gd, Pr) as a cathode for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 59
EP  - 61
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have tested several cathodes on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and gadolinia-doped ceria (CGO) electrolytes for use in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The Pr0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (PSC) and Gd0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (GSC) cathodes show the best performance on CGO, achieving an area-specific resistance (ASR) between 0.1 and 0.2 Ω·cm2 at 650 °C. However, the desirable operating temperature for CGO is between 500 and 600 °C, where the ASRs remain very high. The cobalt-based materials in contact with the YSZ electrolyte exhibit severe reactions. To prevent these reactions, a dense interlayer of CGO has been added between the YSZ and the cobalt-based cathodes. The results for the PSC and GSC cathodes on the YSZ electrolyte protected by a CGO layer reveal ASR values between 0.1 and 0.2 Ω·cm2 at 750 °C and 0.3 Ω·cm2 at 700 °C. Long-term testing of both PSC and GSC cathodes on YSZ electrolytes with CGO interlayers showed stable ASR values for 500 h at 800 °C. Thermal cycling between room temperature and 800 °C after long-term testing showed minimal degradation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - Cathode
KW  - Cobaltite
KW  - Perovskite
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cell
N1  - Accession Number: 19278212; Rossignol, C. 1 Ralph, J.M.; Email Address: ralph@cmt.anl.gov Bae, J.-M. Vaughey, J.T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p59; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cathode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobaltite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perovskite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cell; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278212&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coffey, Greg
AU  - Hardy, John
AU  - Marina, Olga
AU  - Pederson, Larry
AU  - Rieke, Peter
AU  - Thomsen, Ed
T1  - Copper doped lanthanum strontium ferrite for reduced temperature solid oxide fuel cells
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 78
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: Copper doped lanthanum strontium ferrite showed superior kinetics for the electro-reduction of oxygen. The generic formulation was La1−xSrxCu1−yFeyO3 (LSCuF) where x ranged from 0.2 to 0.3 and y varied from 0 to 0.4. Doping with copper improved the electrocatalytic activity compared with undoped material. In oxygen, the La0.7Sr0.3Cu0.2Fe0.8O3 sample showed current densities approximately 2–3 times that of La0.7Sr0.3FeO3 and 10 times that of La0.8Sr0.2FeO3. This improvement was confirmed with cyclic voltammetric studies on half cells and on full fuel cell tests. Copper doped materials have unusual electrochemical characteristics and copper apparently undergoes a one electron reduction at overpotentials less than −0.1 V. This occurred only in air but not in oxygen. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - Copper
KW  - Lanthanum strontium ferrite
KW  - Solid oxide fuel cell
N1  - Accession Number: 19278215; Coffey, Greg 1 Hardy, John 1 Marina, Olga 1 Pederson, Larry 1 Rieke, Peter Thomsen, Ed 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p73; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lanthanum strontium ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid oxide fuel cell; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278215&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simner, S.
AU  - Anderson, M.
AU  - Bonnett, J.
AU  - Stevenson, J.
T1  - Enhanced low temperature sintering of (Sr, Cu)-doped lanthanum ferrite SOFC cathodes
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 81
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: This study details subtle compositional modifications (marginal A-site deficiencies and Cu B-site dopant additions) to a La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 (LSF-20) cathode to enhance sintering below 1000 °C. The interaction of the modified LSF-20 compounds with YSZ below 1000 °C was also investigated. Initial single cell studies utilizing a (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98Fe0.98Cu0.02O3 cathode on an anode-supported YSZ cell have indicated power densities in the range 1.35–1.75 W/cm2 at 750 °C and 0.7 V. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - IRON metallurgy
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - FERRITES (Magnetic materials)
KW  - LSF-20
KW  - SOFC cathodes
KW  - YSZ
N1  - Accession Number: 19278216; Simner, S. Anderson, M. 1 Bonnett, J. 1 Stevenson, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Department, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p79; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: IRON metallurgy; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: FERRITES (Magnetic materials); Author-Supplied Keyword: LSF-20; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOFC cathodes; Author-Supplied Keyword: YSZ; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278216&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dollé, M.
AU  - Hollingsworth, J.
AU  - Richardson, T.J.
AU  - Doeff, M.M.
T1  - Investigation of layered intergrowth LixMyMn1−yO2+z (M=Ni, Co, Al) compounds as positive electrodes for Li-ion batteries
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 228
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: Layered substituted lithium manganese oxides suitable for use as lithium ion battery electrodes may be prepared from the corresponding sodium manganese metal oxide compounds by ion-exchange. Stacking arrangements (O2, O3, or O2/O3 intergrowths) in the lithiated materials are dependent upon the Na/transition metal ratio in the sodium-containing precursors, the degree of substitution, and the identity of the substituting metal. O3 layered materials deliver up to 200 mA h/g at moderate current densities in lithium cell configurations, but convert rapidly to spinels upon cell cycling, while O2 compounds are more stable but deliver less capacity. Intergrowths show intermediate behavior, with higher capacities than pure O2 materials and better phase stability than O3 compounds. Some intergrowth structures do not appear to convert to spinel during normal cycling, suggesting it may be possible to tailor high energy density, phase stable layered manganese oxide electrodes for lithium batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - Intergrowths
KW  - Layered manganese oxides
KW  - Lithium batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 19278243; Dollé, M. 1 Hollingsworth, J. 1 Richardson, T.J. 2 Doeff, M.M. 1; Email Address: mmdoeff@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p225; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intergrowths; Author-Supplied Keyword: Layered manganese oxides; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278243&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garzon, F.H.
AU  - Mukundan, R.
AU  - Lujan, Roger
AU  - Brosha, E.L.
T1  - Solid state ionic devices for combustion gas sensing
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 490
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: We have performed extensive research on the development of new types of solid state combustion gas sensors over the last decade. The combination of new electrode materials, insights from sensor studies equipped with auxiliary reference electrodes, heterogeneous catalysis measurements and theoretical analysis has enabled the development of novel gas sensors at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The substitution of electronic conducting oxides for Pt electrodes has extended the applications of Nernstian-type zirconia oxygen sensors to high temperatures >900 °C and high sulfur environments. Novel sensor geometries that allow for gas diffusion through a porous electrolyte to a dense electrode improve the performance of mixed potential type sensors. We have also developed porous electrolyte potentiometric sensors that detect non-methane hydrocarbon gases in exhaust streams. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - COMBUSTION gases
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Platinum
KW  - Sensors
N1  - Accession Number: 19278297; Garzon, F.H.; Email Address: garzon@lanl.gov Mukundan, R. 1 Lujan, Roger 1 Brosha, E.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Electronic and Electrochemical Materials and Devices Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS: D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p487; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: COMBUSTION gases; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combustion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrocarbons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxygen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.04.041
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278297&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mukundan, Rangachary
AU  - Brosha, Eric L.
AU  - Garzon, Fernando H.
T1  - A low temperature sensor for the detection of carbon monoxide in hydrogen
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
EP  - 501
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: A sensor to detect the carbon monoxide in a reformate stream that fuels a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is presented. This electrochemical sensor consists of a Nafion® electrolyte and Pt- or Ru-based electrodes and works on the principle of differential CO poisoning of the various precious metal electrodes. Varying the composition and loading of the precious metal in the electrode optimized the response of the sensor. A sensor with a working electrode of Pt and a pseudo-reference electrode of Pt–Ru alloy and a precious metal loading of 10 mg/cm2 showed a stable and reproducible response to 10–200 ppm of CO at room temperature and 100–1000 ppm CO at 70 °C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Platinum and ruthenium
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Fuel cells
N1  - Accession Number: 19278299; Mukundan, Rangachary; Email Address: mukundan@lanl.gov Brosha, Eric L. 1 Garzon, Fernando H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D429, MST-11 Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p497; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum and ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cells; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.02.074
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278299&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, L.P.
AU  - Pham, A.-Q.
AU  - Glass, R.S.
T1  - Electrochemical hydrogen sensor for safety monitoring
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 527
EP  - 530
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: A hydrogen safety sensor is presented, which provides high sensitivity and fast response when operated in air. The target application for the sensor is external deployment near systems using or producing high concentrations of hydrogen. The sensor is composed of a catalytically active metal-oxide sensing electrode and a noble metal reference electrode attached to an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte. The sensing approach is based on the difference in oxidation rate of hydrogen on the different electrode materials. Results will be presented for a sensor using a sensing electrode of tin-doped indium oxide (ITO). Response to H2 and cross-sensitivity to hydrocarbon and H2O are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CHEMICAL tests & reagents
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - Electrochemical
KW  - Sensor
KW  - Stabilized-zirconia
KW  - YSZ
KW  - Hydrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 19278305; Martin, L.P.; Email Address: martin89@llnl.gov Pham, A.-Q. 1 Glass, R.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail code: L-353, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA, 94551-0808, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p527; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CHEMICAL tests & reagents; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stabilized-zirconia; Author-Supplied Keyword: YSZ; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: German; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.04.042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278305&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sun, Xiao-Guang
AU  - Liu, Gao
AU  - Xie, Jiangbing
AU  - Han, Yongbong
AU  - Kerr, John B.
T1  - New gel polyelectrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 713
EP  - 716
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: New polyelectrolytes were synthesized by grafting the allyl group containing lithium salt, lithium bis(allylmalonato)borate (LiBAMB), onto poly[pentaethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate-co-allyoxyethyl acrylate] through hydrosilylation chemistry. Gel polyelectrolytes were obtained by adding 50 wt.% of different 1/1 (wt/wt) mixtures of propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME). The highest ambient conductivity was 2.7×10−8 S cm−1 for the dry single ion conductors and 7.9×10−6 S cm−1 for the gel single ion conductor containing 50 wt.% of EC/DMC (1/1, wt/wt), and both are obtained for the sample with an EO/Li ratio of 40/1. The conductivity order of gel electrolytes containing the same amount of different mixed solvents suggests that the conductivity of the gel is more determined by the dielectric constant rather than by the viscosity of the solvent. The preliminary Li/Li cycling profile of a dry single ion conductor is encouraging, as almost no concentration polarization and relaxation was observed. However, some fluctuation of potential occurred, which might be due to the reactions of the electrolyte on the surface of lithium metal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - Cell cycling
KW  - Gel electrolytes
KW  - Ionic conductivity
KW  - Plasticizer
KW  - Single ion conductors
N1  - Accession Number: 19278343; Sun, Xiao-Guang 1 Liu, Gao 1 Xie, Jiangbing 1 Han, Yongbong 1 Kerr, John B.; Email Address: jbkerr@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62-203, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p713; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell cycling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gel electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasticizer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single ion conductors; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.043
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278343&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xie, Jiangbing
AU  - Duan, Robert G.
AU  - Han, Yongbong
AU  - Kerr, John B.
T1  - Morphological, rheological and electrochemical studies of Poly(ethylene oxide) electrolytes containing fumed silica nanoparticles
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 755
EP  - 758
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: In this paper, the rheology and crystallization of composite Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) electrolytes were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis, DSC and polarized light microscopy. The effects of fumed silica nanoparticles on the conductivities of the polymer electrolytes at temperatures above and below their melting points were measured and related to their rheology and crystallization behavior, respectively. The electrolyte/electrode interfacial properties and cycling performances of the composite polymer electrolytes in Li/Li cells are also discussed. The measured electrochemical properties were found to depend heavily on the operational environments and sample processing history. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Composite polymer electrolytes
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Poly(ethylene oxide)
KW  - Rheology
N1  - Accession Number: 19278353; Xie, Jiangbing 1 Duan, Robert G. 2 Han, Yongbong 1 Kerr, John B. 1; Email Address: jbkerr@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 62-203, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Water Soluble Polymers, The Dow Chemical Company, 171 River Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p755; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite polymer electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poly(ethylene oxide); Author-Supplied Keyword: Rheology; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.10.021
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278353&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Gao
AU  - Reeder, Craig L.
AU  - Sun, Xiaoguang
AU  - Kerr, John B.
T1  - Diffusion coefficients in trimethyleneoxide containing comb branch polymer electrolytes
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 781
EP  - 783
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: This paper reports on a new comb branch polymer based on trimethylene oxide (TMO) side chains as a polymer electrolyte for potential application in lithium metal rechargeable batteries. The trimethylene oxide (TMO) units are attached to the side chains of a polyepoxide ether to maximize the segmental motion. Lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt was used to formulate the polymer electrolyte with the new TMO containing polymers. The new polymer electrolytes show improved salt diffusion coefficients (Ds) and conductivity at ambient and subambient temperature compare to the ethylene oxide (EO) counterpart, whereas performance at high temperature (85 °C) remains the same or is actually worse for salt diffusivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - Comb branch polyethers
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - Lithium battery
KW  - Polymer electrolytes
KW  - Salt diffusion coefficient
KW  - Trimethylene oxide
N1  - Accession Number: 19278358; Liu, Gao 1 Reeder, Craig L. 1 Sun, Xiaoguang 1 Kerr, John B.; Email Address: jbkerr@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 62R0203, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p781; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Comb branch polyethers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer electrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Salt diffusion coefficient; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trimethylene oxide; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.041
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278358&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Oh, Bookeun
AU  - Amine, Khalil
T1  - Evaluation of macromonomer-based gel polymer electrolyte for high-power applications
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 785
EP  - 788
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: The electrochemical performance of 20 mA h lithium-ion gel polymer cells, containing a macromonomer-based gel polymer electrolyte, was investigated in terms of cell capacity, high-rate capability, and accelerated aging characteristics at 50 °C. A 2-M LiBF4 in EC/GBL (3/7 by vol.) electrolyte was used in the fabrication of the pouch cells. The higher concentration of lithium salt increases the carrier ions in the gel polymer electrolyte and contributes to an increased discharge capacity at high currents. The area specific impedance (ASI) of the cell, measured by the FreedomCAR hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) test method, was ca. 50 Ω cm2 on an 18-s discharge pulse at 60% state-of-charge (SOC). This value is somewhat higher than that required for some high-power applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - Area specific impedance
KW  - Gel polymer electrolyte
KW  - Hybrid pulse power characterization
KW  - Lithium gel polymer cell
KW  - Macromonomer
N1  - Accession Number: 19278359; Oh, Bookeun; Email Address: oh@cmt.anl.gov Amine, Khalil 1; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Technology Program, CMT Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p785; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Area specific impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gel polymer electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hybrid pulse power characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium gel polymer cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Macromonomer; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yann Liaw, Bor
AU  - Nagasubramanian, Ganesan
AU  - Jungst, Rudolph G.
AU  - Doughty, Daniel H.
T1  - Modeling of lithium ion cells—A simple equivalent-circuit model approach
JO  - Solid State Ionics
JF  - Solid State Ionics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 175
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 835
EP  - 839
SN  - 01672738
AB  - Abstract: We present an equivalent-circuit-based battery model, capable of simulating charge and discharge behavior of lithium-ion batteries (LiB). The model, although simple in concept, can simulate complex discharge behavior with high fidelity, as validated by experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solid State Ionics is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER simulation
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuits
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - IONS
KW  - Computer modeling and simulation
KW  - Equivalent circuit model
KW  - Lithium-ion battery
N1  - Accession Number: 19278368; Yann Liaw, Bor 1; Email Address: bliaw@hawaii.edu Nagasubramanian, Ganesan 2 Jungst, Rudolph G. 3 Doughty, Daniel H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Electrochemical Power Systems Laboratory, Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, SOEST, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1680 East-West Road, POST 109, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA  2: Lithium Battery R and D Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA  3: Long-Life Power Sources Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 175 Issue 1-4, p835; Subject Term: COMPUTER simulation; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuits; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Subject Term: IONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computer modeling and simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equivalent circuit model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium-ion battery; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.049
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumetta, Gregg J.
AU  - Wester, Dennis W.
AU  - McNamara, Bruce K.
AU  - Hubler, Timothy L.
AU  - Latesky, Stan L.
AU  - Martyr, Cuthbert C.
AU  - Richards, Kia N.
T1  - A New Extraction Chromatography Resin Containing Kläui Ligands for Application in Actinide Separations.
JO  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
JF  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 947
EP  - 960
SN  - 07366299
AB  - An extraction chromatography resin containing the anionic ligand(η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)tris-(diethylphosphito-P)cobalt(III), Cp * Co[P(O)(OEt)2]3−(1Et) has been prepared. The resin consists of 1 wt% 1Et on Amberlite® XAD-7. This resin strongly sorbs Am3+ and Pu4+. The sorption of these ions decreases with increasing nitric acid concentration, but this effect is more pronounced for Am3+. This allows for convenient separation of Am3+ from Pu4+ by simple adjustments in the HNO3 concentration. The tripodal geometry of 1Et disfavors the complexation of UO22+, so sorption of U(VI) by the 1Et-containing resin is weak. An analogous resin containing Cp * Co[P(O)(OPr)2]3−(1Pr) shows similar Pu4+ sorption behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTRACTION (Chemistry)
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - GUMS & resins
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - Americium
KW  - Kläui ligand
KW  - Plutonium
N1  - Accession Number: 14898276; Lumetta, Gregg J. 1; Email Address: gregg.lumetta@pnl.gov Wester, Dennis W. 1 McNamara, Bruce K. 1 Hubler, Timothy L. 1 Latesky, Stan L. 2 Martyr, Cuthbert C. 2 Richards, Kia N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA  2: Science and Math Division, The University of the Virgin Islands St. Thomas, VI, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p947; Subject Term: EXTRACTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: GUMS & resins; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Americium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kläui ligand; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plutonium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SEI-200037442
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Veeck, Alan C.
AU  - White, David J.
AU  - Whisenhunt Jr, Donald W.
AU  - Jide Xu
AU  - Gorden, Anne E. V.
AU  - Romanovski, Vadim
AU  - Hoffman, Darleane C.
AU  - Raymond, Kenneth N.
T1  - Hydroxypyridinone Extraction Agents for Pu(IV).
JO  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
JF  - Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1037
EP  - 1068
SN  - 07366299
AB  - Twelve different extraction agents, based on the hydroxypyridinone(HOPO) chelating moieties 3,2-HOPO, 3,4-HOPO, and 1,2-HOPO, have been synthesized and characterized for their ability to remove Pu(IV) from nitric acid solutions. Most of these, in particular those based on 1,2-HOPO, displayed very rapid extraction kinetics and extracted Pu(IV) with large distribution ratios. They were also highly effective in removing Pu(IV) from solutions containing high concentrations of Fe(III) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA). Stripping the bound Pu(IV) from the chelate complex proved challenging, as only∼40% was removed even with concentrated(15.8 M) nitric acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Solvent Extraction & Ion Exchange is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXTRACTION (Chemistry)
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - NITRIC acid
KW  - INORGANIC acids
KW  - Decontamination factor
KW  - Dicyclohexylurea
KW  - Dimethylaminopyridine
KW  - Hydroxypyridinone
N1  - Accession Number: 14898271; Veeck, Alan C. 1,2 White, David J. 1 Whisenhunt Jr, Donald W. 1,2 Jide Xu 1 Gorden, Anne E. V. 1 Romanovski, Vadim 2 Hoffman, Darleane C. 1,2 Raymond, Kenneth N. 1; Email Address: raymond@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA  2: Glenn T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p1037; Subject Term: EXTRACTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: NITRIC acid; Subject Term: INORGANIC acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decontamination factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dicyclohexylurea; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dimethylaminopyridine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydroxypyridinone; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 32p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1081/SEI-200037773
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Young, D.T.
AU  - Berthelier, J.J.
AU  - Blanc, M.
AU  - Burch, J.L.
AU  - Coates, A.J.
AU  - Goldstein, R.
AU  - Grande, M.
AU  - Hill, T.W.
AU  - Johnson, R.E.
AU  - Kelha, V.
AU  - Mccomas, D.J.
AU  - Sittler, E.C.
AU  - Svenes, K.R.
AU  - Szegö, K.
AU  - Tanskanen, P.
AU  - Ahola, K.
AU  - Anderson, D.
AU  - Bakshi, S.
AU  - Baragiola, R.A.
AU  - Barraclough, B.L.
T1  - Cassini Plasma Spectrometer Investigation.
JO  - Space Science Reviews
JF  - Space Science Reviews
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 114
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 112
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00386308
AB  - The Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) will make comprehensive three-dimensional mass-resolved measurements of the full variety of plasma phenomena found in Saturn’s magnetosphere. Our fundamental scientific goals are to understand the nature of saturnian plasmas primarily their sources of ionization, and the means by which they are accelerated, transported, and lost. In so doing the CAPS investigation will contribute to understanding Saturn’s magnetosphere and its complex interactions with Titan, the icy satellites and rings, Saturn’s ionosphere and aurora, and the solar wind. Our design approach meets these goals by emphasizing two complementary types of measurements: high-time resolution velocity distributions of electrons and all major ion species; and lower-time resolution, high-mass resolution spectra of all ion species. The CAPS instrument is made up of three sensors: the Electron Spectrometer (ELS), the Ion Beam Spectrometer (IBS), and the Ion Mass Spectrometer (IMS). The ELS measures the velocity distribution of electrons from 0.6 eV to 28,250 keV, a range that permits coverage of thermal electrons found at Titan and near the ring plane as well as more energetic trapped electrons and auroral particles. The IBS measures ion velocity distributions with very high angular and energy resolution from 1 eV to 49,800 keV. It is specially designed to measure sharply defined ion beams expected in the solar wind at 9.5 AU, highly directional rammed ion fluxes encountered in Titan’s ionosphere, and anticipated field-aligned auroral fluxes. The IMS is designed to measure the composition of hot, diffuse magnetospheric plasmas and low-concentration ion species 1 eV to 50,280 eV with an atomic resolution M/?M ~70 and, for certain molecules, (such asN2+ and CO+), effective resolution as high as ~2500. The three sensors are mounted on a motor-driven actuator that rotates the entire instrument over approximately one-half of the sky every 3 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Space Science Reviews is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SPACE sciences
KW  - ion composition
KW  - magnetosphere
KW  - Saturn
KW  - space plasma
KW  - Titan
N1  - Accession Number: 16342414; Young, D.T. 1 Berthelier, J.J. 2 Blanc, M. 3 Burch, J.L. 1 Coates, A.J. 4 Goldstein, R. 1 Grande, M. 5 Hill, T.W. 6 Johnson, R.E. 7 Kelha, V. 8 Mccomas, D.J. 1 Sittler, E.C. 9 Svenes, K.R. 10 Szegö, K. 11 Tanskanen, P. 12 Ahola, K. 13 Anderson, D. 1 Bakshi, S. 9 Baragiola, R.A. 7 Barraclough, B.L. 14; Affiliation:  1: Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A.  2: Centre d'Étude des Environnements Terrestre et Planetaires, CNRS, St. Maur, France  3: Observatoire Midi-Pyrenées, Toulouse, France  4: Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Surrey, England  5: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, England  6: Rice University, Houston, TX, U.S.A.  7: University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, U.S.A.  8: VTT Information Technology, Espoo, Finland  9: Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, US.A.  10: Norwegian Defense Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway  11: KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary  12: University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland  13: TEKES Technology Development Centre, Helsinki, Finland  14: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, U.S.A.; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 114 Issue 1-4, p1; Subject Term: PLASMA spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SPACE sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: ion composition; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetosphere; Author-Supplied Keyword: Saturn; Author-Supplied Keyword: space plasma; Author-Supplied Keyword: Titan; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 112p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s11214-004-1406-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Derewenda, Urszula
AU  - Oleksy, Arkadiusz
AU  - Stevenson, Andra S.
AU  - Korczynska, Justyna
AU  - Dauter, Zbigniew
AU  - Somlyo, Andrew P.
AU  - Otlewski, Jacek
AU  - Somlyo, Avril V.
AU  - Derewenda, Zygmunt S.
T1  - The Crystal Structure of RhoA in Complex with the DH/PH Fragment of PDZRhoGEF, an Activator of the Ca2+ Sensitization Pathway in Smooth Muscle
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 12
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1955
EP  - 1965
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Calcium sensitization in smooth muscle is mediated by the RhoA GTPase, activated by hitherto unspecified nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) acting downstream of Gαq/Gα12/13 trimeric G proteins. Here, we show that at least one potential GEF, the PDZRhoGEF, is present in smooth muscle, and its isolated DH/PH fragment induces calcium sensitization in the absence of agonist-mediated signaling. In vitro, the fragment shows high selectivity for the RhoA GTPase. Full-length fragment is required for the nucleotide exchange, as the isolated DH domain enhances it only marginally. We crystallized the DH/PH fragment of PDZRhoGEF in complex with nonprenylated human RhoA and determined the structure at 2.5 Å resolution. The refined molecular model reveals that the mutual disposition of the DH and PH domains is significantly different from other previously described complexes involving DH/PH tandems, and that the PH domain interacts with RhoA in a unique mode. The DH domain makes several specific interactions with RhoA residues not conserved among other Rho family members, suggesting the molecular basis for the observed specificity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SMOOTH muscle
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - MOLECULAR models
KW  - CALCIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 14961387; Derewenda, Urszula 1 Oleksy, Arkadiusz 2 Stevenson, Andra S. 1 Korczynska, Justyna 1 Dauter, Zbigniew 3 Somlyo, Andrew P. 1 Otlewski, Jacek 2 Somlyo, Avril V. 1; Email Address: avs5u@virginia.edu Derewenda, Zygmunt S. 1; Email Address: zsd4n@virginia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA  2: Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wroclaw, Tamka 2, 50-137 Wroclaw, Poland  3: Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, NCI, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 12 Issue 11, p1955; Subject Term: SMOOTH muscle; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Subject Term: MOLECULAR models; Subject Term: CALCIUM; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopper, Matthew
AU  - Holton, James M.
AU  - Keck, James L.
T1  - Crystal Structure of PriB, a Component of the Escherichia coli Replication Restart Primosome
JO  - Structure
JF  - Structure
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 12
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1967
EP  - 1975
SN  - 09692126
AB  - Maintenance of genome stability following DNA damage requires origin-independent reinitiation of DNA replication at repaired replication forks. In E. coli, PriA, PriB, PriC, and DnaT play critical roles in recognizing repaired replication forks and reloading the replisome onto the template to reinitiate DNA replication. Here, we report the 2.0 Å resolution crystal structure of E. coli PriB, revealing a dimer that consists of a single structural domain formed by two oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB) folds. Structural similarity of PriB to single-stranded DNA binding proteins reveals insights into its mechanisms of DNA binding. The structure further establishes a putative protein interaction surface that may contribute to the role of PriB in primosome assembly by facilitating interactions with PriA and DnaT. This is the first high-resolution structure of a protein involved in oriC-independent replisome loading and provides unique insight into mechanisms of replication restart in E. coli. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Structure is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA synthesis
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 14961388; Lopper, Matthew 1 Holton, James M. 2 Keck, James L. 1; Email Address: jlkeck@wisc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Medical School, 550 Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 USA  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 12 Issue 11, p1967; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA synthesis; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.str.2004.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Pint, B.A.
AU  - Garner, G.W.
AU  - Cooley, K.M.
AU  - Haynes, J.A.
T1  - Effect of cycle length on the oxidation performance of iron aluminide coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 188-189
M3  - Article
SP  - 35
EP  - 40
SN  - 02578972
AB  - One of the lifetime issues of particular concern for application of iron aluminide coatings is the possible compatibility problems between Fe–Al coatings and substrates which can have substantially different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). This difference could cause deformation or cracking and reduce coating lifetime. The present study has focused on the effect of cycle length (1 h vs. 100 h) on the cyclic oxidation behavior of aluminide coatings on representative commercial ferritic (Fe–9Cr–1Mo) and austenitic (type 304L stainless steel) alloys at 700°C in air with 10 vol.% H2O. The ferritic and austenitic steel specimens were aluminized in a laboratory-scale chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor. Testing of the coating specimens indicated that high frequency thermal cycling (1 h cycle time) could significantly degrade the coating performance. Comparison of these results with those from similar specimens with a longer cycle time (100 h) or after isothermal exposure showed that this degradation was not due to Al loss from the coating into the substrate by interdiffusion, but most likely was caused by the thermal expansion mismatch between the coating and substrate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - IRON
KW  - THERMAL expansion
KW  - Cycle length
KW  - Iron aluminide coating
KW  - Oxidation performance
N1  - Accession Number: 14973195; Zhang, Y.; Email Address: yzhang@tntech.edu Pint, B.A. 1 Garner, G.W. 1 Cooley, K.M. 1 Haynes, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 188-189, p35; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: THERMAL expansion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cycle length; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron aluminide coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation performance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.07.090
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14973195&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gannon, P.E.
AU  - Tripp, C.T.
AU  - Knospe, A.K.
AU  - Ramana, C.V.
AU  - Deibert, M.
AU  - Smith, R.J.
AU  - Gorokhovsky, V.I.
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Gelles, D.
T1  - High-temperature oxidation resistance and surface electrical conductivity of stainless steels with filtered arc Cr–Al–N multilayer and/or superlattice coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 188-189
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 61
SN  - 02578972
AB  - The requirements of low cost and high-temperature corrosion resistance for bipolar interconnect plates in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks has directed attention to the use of metallic alloys with oxidation-resistant coatings. Candidate coatings must exhibit chemical and thermal-mechanical stability and high electrical conductivity during long-term (>40,000 h) exposure to SOFC operating conditions. The high-temperature oxidation resistance and surface electrical conductivity of 304, 440A and Crofer-22 APU steel coupons, with and without multilayer and/or superlattice coatings from a Cr–Al–N system, were investigated as a function of exposure in an oxidizing atmosphere at high temperatures. The coatings were deposited using large area filtered arc deposition (LAFAD) technology [V.I. Gorokhovsky, R. Bhattacharya, D.G. Bhat, Surf. Coat. Technol. 140, (2001), 82-92] and subsequently annealed in air at 800 °C for varying times. Area-specific resistance (ASR) was measured in air as a function of time and temperature using a four-point technique with Pt paste for electrical contact between facing oxidized coupon surfaces. The surface composition, structure and morphology of the sample coupons were characterized using RBS, nuclear reaction analysis, XPS, SEM and AFM techniques. The structure of the CrN/(CrN/AlN) multilayered superlattice coatings was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By altering the architecture of the coating layers, both surface electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance [R.J. Smith, C. Tripp, A. Knospe, C.V. Ramana, A. Kayani, Vladimir Gorokhovsky, V. Shutthanandan, D.S. Gelles, J. Mater. Eng., (2004), in press] improved significantly for some of the coated samples tested up to ∼100 h. An order of magnitude decrease in the ASR parabolic growth rate constant was observed in two Crofer 22APU coupons coated with ∼1.5 μm CrN/AlN superlattice coatings with different nanometrical bilayer periods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Filtered arc
KW  - Fuel cell
KW  - Nanostructure
KW  - Nitrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 14973198; Gannon, P.E.; Email Address: pgannon@montana.edu Tripp, C.T. 1 Knospe, A.K. 1 Ramana, C.V. 1 Deibert, M. 1 Smith, R.J. 1 Gorokhovsky, V.I. 2 Shutthanandan, V. 3 Gelles, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Montana State University-Bozeman, 306 Cobleigh Hall, PO Box 173920, Bozeman, MT 59717-3920, United States  2: Arcomac Surface Engineering, LLC, Bozeman, MT 59715, United States  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99302, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 188-189, p55; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Filtered arc; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanostructure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitrogen; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pint, B.A.
T1  - The role of chemical composition on the oxidation performance of aluminide coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 188-189
M3  - Article
SP  - 71
EP  - 78
SN  - 02578972
AB  - The durability of aluminide bond coatings is critical to the life of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). With service, the coating composition continues to change due to oxidation and interdiffusion. In order to better understand the effect of coating composition on its oxidation resistance, model alloys are being studied with various levels of Al, Pt and Hf. In hypostoichiometric β-NiAl, the formation of faster-growing Ni-rich oxide was observed, and this problem intensified at lower Al contents. Platinum additions were found to decrease this problem. With two-phase Ni–35Al–6Pt compositions, a phase transformation upon heating to 1100 °C caused macroscopic specimen deformation when the specimen was repeatedly cycled. The degradation of oxidation resistance with lower Al contents indicates that the loss of Al due to back-diffusion into the superalloy substrate is the critical performance-limiting problem for aluminide coatings. One strategy for improved coating performance suggested by Gleeson uses higher Pt and Hf contents and lower Al contents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - Al
KW  - Aluminide coatings
KW  - Hf
KW  - High-temperature oxidation
KW  - Pt
N1  - Accession Number: 14973200; Pint, B.A. 1; Email Address: pintba@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, M.S. 6156 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 188-189, p71; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminide coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hf; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-temperature oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pt; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14973200&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haynes, J.A.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Cooley, K.M.
AU  - Walker, L.
AU  - Reeves, K.S.
AU  - Pint, B.A.
T1  - High-temperature diffusion barriers for protective coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 188-189
M3  - Article
SP  - 153
EP  - 157
SN  - 02578972
AB  - An effective diffusion barrier between the superalloy and aluminide coating would reduce coating degradation by lowering the rate of Al loss to the substrate by interdiffusion, and by inhibiting diffusion of substrate elements (such as Cr, Re, Ta, W) into the coating, which degrade its corrosion and oxidation resistance. In this preliminary study, sputtered Hf–Ni and Hf–Pt were evaluated as potential high-temperature diffusion barrier layers beneath NiAl or NiPtAl coatings.A Ni3Hf-type layer formed during aluminizing of Ni–Hf thin films, and appeared to result in reduced β-NiAl depletion during oxidation testing at 1150 °C. Some Hf-containing simple aluminide coatings also showed very good oxidation resistance. However, the Ni–Hf phase disrupted coating microstructure and displayed limited high-temperature stability. Heat treatment of Hf and Pt thin films formed a compound similar to HfPt3-type, which subsequently dissolved during aluminizing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - HIGH temperatures
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - Aluminide coating
KW  - Diffusion barriers
KW  - Superalloy
N1  - Accession Number: 14973212; Haynes, J.A.; Email Address: haynesa@ornl.gov Zhang, Y. 1 Cooley, K.M. 1 Walker, L. 1 Reeves, K.S. 1 Pint, B.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6063, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 188-189, p153; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: HIGH temperatures; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminide coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion barriers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superalloy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14973212&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kustas, F.
AU  - Molian, P.
AU  - Kumar, A. Sadhu
AU  - Besser, M.
AU  - Sordelet, D.
T1  - Laser crystallization of amorphous sputter-deposited quasicrystalline coatings
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 188-189
M3  - Article
SP  - 274
EP  - 280
SN  - 02578972
AB  - Quasicrystalline (QC) (e.g., Al70Fe10Cu10Cr10) materials offer a unique combination of relatively high hardness, low surface energy/low friction, and low thermal conductivity. This desirable suite of properties is reportedly due to their nonconventional translational symmetry and aperiodic atomic ordering. These materials can be formed only after a high-temperature (>700 °C) anneal, and they exhibit brittle behavior in bulk form. Coating deposition alleviates the low toughness issue, but the requirement for a high-temperature anneal degrades the mechanical properties of conventional engineering substrates. To address this latter issue, controlled laser surface treatment of sputter-deposited QC coatings (on Al, Ti, and bearing steel alloys) was performed to convert the amorphous (a) structure into a crystalline (c) phase. Characterization of both a-QC and c-QC films included energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction for composition/structure, C-Brale indentation for relative toughness, and ball-on-disk (BOD) friction/wear tests. Laser treatment was successful in converting the amorphous structure to the crystalline phase, without significant reduction (<10% for Ti–6Al–4V) in substrate hardness, and it was shown that laser pulse energy influences the final surface finish of the c-QC surface. Laser crystallization was observed to increase the indentation resistance/adhesion of c-QC films on coated Ti–6Al–4V and 52100 steel. Friction/wear tests of c-QC films showed reductions in coefficients of friction, compared to non-coated substrates, of ∼40%, ∼20–25%, and ∼25–30%, respectively, for coated 2024-T3Al, Ti–6Al–4V, and AISI 52100 steel substrates. Reductions in wear damage for c-QC-coated surfaces, compared to non-coated surfaces, were also observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - SURFACE coatings
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Friction/wear
KW  - Indentation
KW  - Laser crystallization
KW  - Quasicrystalline coatings
KW  - Sputtering
N1  - Accession Number: 14973232; Kustas, F.; Email Address: kustasfm@comcast.net Molian, P. 1 Kumar, A. Sadhu 1 Besser, M. 2 Sordelet, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Department of Energy Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 188-189, p274; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: SURFACE coatings; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction/wear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quasicrystalline coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputtering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.217
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erdemir, A.
AU  - Kovalchenko, A.
AU  - McNallan, M.J.
AU  - Welz, S.
AU  - Lee, A.
AU  - Gogotsi, Y.
AU  - Carroll, B.
T1  - Effects of high-temperature hydrogenation treatment on sliding friction and wear behavior of carbide-derived carbon films
JO  - Surface & Coatings Technology
JF  - Surface & Coatings Technology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 188-189
M3  - Article
SP  - 588
EP  - 593
SN  - 02578972
AB  - In this study, we investigated the effects of a high-temperature hydrogenation treatment on the sliding friction and wear behavior of nanostructured carbide-derived carbon (CDC) films in dry nitrogen and humid air environments. These films are produced on the surfaces of silicon carbide substrates by reacting the carbide phase with chlorine or chlorine–hydrogen gas mixtures at 1000 to 1100 °C in a sealed tube furnace. The typical friction coefficients of CDC films in open air are in the range of 0.2 to 0.25, but in dry nitrogen, the friction coefficients are 0.15. In an effort to achieve lower friction on CDC films, we developed and used a special hydrogenation process that was proven to be very effective in lowering friction of CDC films produced on SiC substrates. Specifically, the films that were post-hydrogen-treated exhibited friction coefficients as low as 0.03 in dry nitrogen, while the friction coefficients in humid air were ~0.2. The wear of Si3N4 counterface balls was hard to measure after the tests, while shallow wear tracks had formed on CDC films on SiC disks. Detailed mechanical and structural characterizations of the CDC films and sliding contact surfaces were done using a series of analytical techniques and these findings were correlated with the friction and wear behaviors of as-produced and hydrogen-treated CDC films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface & Coatings Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - Carbon coating
KW  - Chlorination
KW  - Friction and wear
KW  - Hydrogen
N1  - Accession Number: 14973285; Erdemir, A. 1 Kovalchenko, A. 1 McNallan, M.J. 2 Welz, S. 2 Lee, A. 2 Gogotsi, Y.; Email Address: gogotsi@drexel.edu Carroll, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Techology Division, Argonne, IL 60439, United States  2: Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 188-189, p588; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon coating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chlorination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction and wear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.07.052
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyu
T1  - Quantum stability of ultrathin metal overlayers on semiconductor substrates
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 571
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
SN  - 00396028
KW  - Growth
KW  - Metal–semiconductor interfaces
KW  - Quantum wells
N1  - Accession Number: 14785630; Zhang, Zhenyu 1,2,3; Email Address: zhangz@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 53706, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6032, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 571 Issue 1-3, p1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–semiconductor interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum wells; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.08.026
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14785630&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bastasz, R.
AU  - Medlin, J.W.
AU  - Whaley, J.A.
AU  - Beikler, R.
AU  - Taglauer, E.
T1  - Deuterium adsorption on W(100) studied by LEIS and DRS
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 571
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 31
EP  - 40
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The location of deuterium adsorbed on W(100) has been studied using a combination of angle-resolved low-energy ion scattering (LEIS) and direct recoil spectroscopy (DRS). These techniques provide real-space data on both substrate and adsorbate surface structure. Adsorption of D on W(100) at 300 K has a strong effect on the azimuthal distribution of Ne+ scattering signal intensity from W, completely suppressing the sharp peaks seen on the clean surface every 90°, which result from Ne+ collisions with exposed second-layer W atoms. Concurrently with D adsorption, D+ recoil emission from the surface is observed with an angular distribution showing broad peaks aligned along the 〈100〉 directions. MARLOWE simulations of Ne+ scattering from the clean W(100) surface and of Ne+ scattering and D+ recoil emission from the saturated W(100) surface are all in good agreement with the LEIS and DRS data when adsorbed D atoms are located in fourfold hollow sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - IONS -- Scattering
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - and topography
KW  - Chemisorption
KW  - Deuterium
KW  - Low energy ion scattering (LEIS)
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography
KW  - Tungsten
N1  - Accession Number: 14785638; Bastasz, R.; Email Address: bastasz@sandia.gov Medlin, J.W. Whaley, J.A. 1 Beikler, R. 2 Taglauer, E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551–0969, USA  2: Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, D–85748 Garching, Germany; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 571 Issue 1-3, p31; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: IONS -- Scattering; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemisorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deuterium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy ion scattering (LEIS); Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tungsten; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.06.214
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Butterfield, M.T.
AU  - Durakiewicz, T.
AU  - Guziewicz, E.
AU  - Joyce, J.J.
AU  - Arko, A.J.
AU  - Graham, K.S.
AU  - Moore, D.P.
AU  - Morales, L.A.
T1  - Photoemission of surface oxides and hydrides of delta plutonium
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 571
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 74
EP  - 82
SN  - 00396028
AB  - High resolution photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) studies were conducted on a gallium stabilized δ-phase plutonium sample cleaned by laser ablation and gas dosed with O2 and H2. The measurements were made with an instrument resolution of 60meV with the sample at 300K, 77K and 10K. The PES data under these experimental conditions strongly support an idealized model with Pu2O3 growth on the metal followed by PuO2 growth on the Pu2O3 layer at low temperature. In vacuum, the PuO2 reduces to Pu2O3 at room temperature at a pressure of 6×10−11Torr. In the case of H2 dosing of the surface at low temperature, the hydrogen appears to penetrate the surface and disrupt the electronic structure of the valence band as evidenced by a drop in intensity of the peak at EF which is not accompanied by a drop in the main 5f manifold at ∼1eV. Studies were also carried out on the dosing of hydrogen on surfaces already dosed with both 0.5L (Pu2O3) and 10L (PuO2) oxygen films and show that hydrogen penetrates the 0.5L Pu2O3 covered surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - Laser methods
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14785641; Butterfield, M.T.; Email Address: mtbx@lanl.gov Durakiewicz, T. 1 Guziewicz, E. 2 Joyce, J.J. 3 Arko, A.J. 3 Graham, K.S. 3 Moore, D.P. 4 Morales, L.A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland  2: Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warszawa, Poland  3: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics MST-10, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Nuclear Materials Science, NMT-16, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 571 Issue 1-3, p74; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.07.054
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14785641&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Piao, H.
AU  - Enever, M.C.N.
AU  - Adib, K.
AU  - Hrbek, J.
AU  - Barteau, M.A.
T1  - High resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of styrene oxide adsorption and reaction on Ag(111)
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 571
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 139
EP  - 145
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to investigate the adsorption and reaction of styrene oxide on Ag(111). When adsorption is carried out at 250K or above, ring opening of styrene oxide forms a stable surface oxametallacycle intermediate which eventually reacts at 485K to regenerate styrene oxide. High resolution XPS is capable of distinguishing the oxametallacycle from molecularly adsorbed and condensed styrene oxide on the basis of different C1s peak separations. The observed separations are well accounted for by the results of DFT calculations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - Aromatics
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Silver
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14785647; Piao, H. 1 Enever, M.C.N. 2 Adib, K. 1 Hrbek, J. 1 Barteau, M.A.; Email Address: barteau@che.udel.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 571 Issue 1-3, p139; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aromatics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.08.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McMahon, W.E.
AU  - Kibbler, A.E.
AU  - Olson, J.M.
T1  - An STM and LEED study of MOCVD-prepared P/Ge (100) to (111) surfaces
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 571
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 146
EP  - 156
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Certain device applications such as high-efficiency multijunction III–V solar cells require high-quality GaAs deposition on Ge substrates. Commercially, this is done using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). If the GaAs is grown directly on Ge, pre-deposition etching of the Ge substrate by arsine can roughen the surface, producing poor GaAs/Ge epitaxy. If instead a GaAs/GaInP2/Ge growth sequence is used, the template for growth is a phosphine-exposed P/Ge surface. Indeed, high-quality GaInP2 and GaAs films are routinely grown using this method, yet little is known about the initial P/Ge surface. For this reason, we have conducted a survey of MOCVD-prepared P/Ge(mnn) surfaces, over the 54.75° range of surfaces between (111) and (100). Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and atomic-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images reveal interesting new reconstructions on very flat surfaces. Almost all of the surfaces support ordered defect arrays, presumably to relieve P-induced surface stress. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON diffraction
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - SOLAR cells
KW  - and topography
KW  - Germanium
KW  - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
KW  - morphology
KW  - Phosphine
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - roughness
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
KW  - Surface stress
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography
N1  - Accession Number: 14785648; McMahon, W.E.; Email Address: bill_mcmahon@nrel.gov Kibbler, A.E. 1 Olson, J.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Center for Photovoltaics, NREL MS 3212, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 571 Issue 1-3, p146; Subject Term: ELECTRON diffraction; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: SOLAR cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germanium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphorus; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.08.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kortright, Jerrrey B.
T1  - Soft X-ray Techniques to Study Mesoscale Magnetism.
JO  - Synchrotron Radiation News
JF  - Synchrotron Radiation News
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 16
EP  - 21
SN  - 08940886
AB  - This article highlights recent advances in resonant soft X-ray methods to resolve lateral magnetic structure and discusses some of their relative merits and limitations. Only techniques detecting X-ray photons are considered, since they are compatible with strong applied fields to probe relatively deeply into samples. Early soft X-ray scattering studies used the off-specular reflection geometry to resolve magnetic and chemical roughness. Such studies initially used circular incident polarization, and measured off-specular scattering either in or out of the plane of specular reflection.
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
KW  - MAGNETIC structure
KW  - PHOTON scattering
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - POLARIZATION (Electricity)
N1  - Accession Number: 16110225; Kortright, Jerrrey B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California USA; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p16; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC structure; Subject Term: PHOTON scattering; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Electricity); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamada, Michael
AU  - Johnson, Valen
AU  - Moore, Leslie M.
AU  - Wendelberger, Joanne
T1  - Bayesian Prediction Intervals and Their Relationship to Tolerance Intervals.
JO  - Technometrics
JF  - Technometrics
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 452
EP  - 4
SN  - 00401706
AB  - We consider Bayesian prediction intervals that contain a proportion of a finite number of observations with a specified probability. Such intervals arise in numerous applied contexts and are closely related to tolerance intervals. Several examples are provided lo illustrate this methodology, and simulation studies are used to demonstrate potential pitfalls of using tolerance intervals when prediction intervals are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Technometrics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - FINITE groups
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - ENGINEERING tolerances
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - Gamma distribution
KW  - Gibbs sampling
KW  - Hierarchical linear model
KW  - Markov chain Monte Carlo
KW  - Normal distribution
KW  - Predictive density
KW  - System reliability
KW  - Variance components model
N1  - Accession Number: 14980830; Hamada, Michael 1 Johnson, Valen 2 Moore, Leslie M. 1 Wendelberger, Joanne 1; Affiliation:  1: Statistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  2: Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, M148105; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p452; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: FINITE groups; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: ENGINEERING tolerances; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gibbs sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hierarchical linear model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chain Monte Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Normal distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Predictive density; Author-Supplied Keyword: System reliability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance components model; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1198/004017004000000518
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14980830&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pak, Jeongihm
AU  - Wunderlich, Bernhard
T1  - Reversible melting of gel-spun fibers of polyethylene
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 421
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 203
EP  - 209
SN  - 00406031
AB  - The melting and crystallization of gel-spun, ultrahigh molar mass polyethylene (UHMM-PE) fiber is analyzed with both, standard differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature-modulated DSC (TMDSC) to identify the differences to extended-chain crystals of polyethylene. The analyzed samples were studied before with respect to their molecular mobility, morphology, and crystal and phase structure. The UHMM-PE contains a mobile, oriented mesophase and only few folded chains. The truly amorphous fraction is about 3%. Reversing melting and crystallization is observed for these fibers. It increases in amount on recrystallization after melting. Difficulties in measuring the original fibers arose from the shrinkage of the fibers and a resulting deformation of the sample pan. The new data are compared to literature information on other polyethylenes and linked to reversible melting of decoupled segments of the polymer chains contained in small, nanometer-size phases within the crystalline phase and the oriented-intermediate fractions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - Crystallization
KW  - Decoupling
KW  - Fiber
KW  - Instrument lag
KW  - Melting
KW  - TMDSC
KW  - UHMM-PE
N1  - Accession Number: 14511511; Pak, Jeongihm 1,2 Wunderlich, Bernhard 1,2; Email Address: wunderlich@chartertn.net; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6197, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 421 Issue 1/2, p203; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Decoupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fiber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Instrument lag; Author-Supplied Keyword: Melting; Author-Supplied Keyword: TMDSC; Author-Supplied Keyword: UHMM-PE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tca.2004.04.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14511511&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mani, Sudhagar
AU  - Tabil Jr., Lope G.
AU  - Sokhansanj, Shahab
T1  - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CORN STOVER GRIND.
JO  - Transactions of the ASAE
JF  - Transactions of the ASAE
Y1  - 2004/11//Nov/Dec2004
VL  - 47
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1983
EP  - 1990
SN  - 00012351
AB  - Mechanical properties of corn stover grind are important because of the need for accurate input data in the mathematical modeling of densification processes and the design of densification equipment. Mechanical properties of corn stover grind such as particle size distribution, bulk and particle densities, compressibility, particle stiffness, wall friction, and adhesion on steel surfaces were determined with two hammer mill screen sizes (3.18 and 6.35 mm) used in grinding at three different moisture contents (7%, 11%, and 15% w.b.). Compression tests were conducted for each combination of hammer mill screen size and moisture content to establish pressure-density data at different applied pressures. Mechanical properties such as compressibility, initial bulk modulus, porosity index, and particle stiffness were determined from the pressure-density data. Shear tests were conducted to determine the coefficient of friction between the steel plate and corn stover grind at different moisture contents and normal pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Transactions of the ASAE is the property of American Society of Agricultural & Biological Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CORN stover
KW  - FARM produce -- Mechanical properties
KW  - MOISTURE
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - PARTICLE size distribution
KW  - Coefficient of wall friction
KW  - Compressibility
KW  - Corn stover grind
KW  - Initial bulk modulus
KW  - Particle stiffness
KW  - Physical properties
N1  - Accession Number: 15809420; Mani, Sudhagar 1,2 Tabil Jr., Lope G. 3,4; Email Address: lope.tabil@usask.ca Sokhansanj, Shahab 3,5; Affiliation:  1: ASAE Student Member  2: Graduate Student, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada  3: ASAE Member Engineer  4: Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural and Bioresource Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada  5: Distinguished Research Scientist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Nov/Dec2004, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p1983; Subject Term: CORN stover; Subject Term: FARM produce -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: MOISTURE; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: PARTICLE size distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coefficient of wall friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Compressibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corn stover grind; Author-Supplied Keyword: Initial bulk modulus; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle stiffness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Physical properties; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simpson, Michael L.
T1  - Rewiring the cell: synthetic biology moves towards higher functional complexity
JO  - Trends in Biotechnology
JF  - Trends in Biotechnology
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 22
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 555
EP  - 557
SN  - 01677799
AB  - A steady stream of research has fueled excitement in the field of synthetic biology. Logic gates, oscillators, and memory elements constructed using genetic and biochemical components have all been demonstrated. However, the nagging question remains as to how higher levels of complexity can be designed into these synthetic systems. A recent paper from Collins'' group provides some answers to this question. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Trends in Biotechnology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Life sciences
KW  - Research
KW  - Logic circuits
KW  - Electronic circuits
N1  - Accession Number: 14716196; Simpson, Michael L. 1; Email Address: SimpsonML1@ornl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Molecular-Scale Engineering and Nanoscale Technology Research Group, The Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6006, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831–6006, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 22 Issue 11, p555; Thesaurus Term: Life sciences; Thesaurus Term: Research; Subject Term: Logic circuits; Subject Term: Electronic circuits; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.09.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14716196&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erdemir, Ali
T1  - Genesis of superlow friction and wear in diamondlike carbon films
JO  - Tribology International
JF  - Tribology International
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 37
IS  - 11/12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1012
SN  - 0301679X
AB  - Diamondlike carbon (DLC) films offer enormous possibilities for applications that require low friction and high wear resistance. The range of physical, chemical, mechanical, electrical, and optical properties offered by these films is also exceptional and can meet the increasingly multifunctional application needs of machine elements, microelectronics, and biological systems. Since the early 1990s, carbon has been used as a precursor in our laboratory for the design and synthesis of superhard and low-friction carbon films. As a result of systematic studies over the years, in 1997, we developed a new class of DLC films that provide friction and wear coefficients of 0.001–0.005 and 10-10–10-9 mm3/N m, respectively, in inert-gas or vacuum test environments. This paper will mainly concentrate on the tribology of these superlow-friction carbon films and provide an update on our understanding of the fundamental tribological mechanisms of such films. It will also expand on the effects of hydrogen within the films and gaseous species within the test environments on friction and wear. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tribology International is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - MINIATURE electronic equipment
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SYSTEMS theory
KW  - Diamondlike carbon
KW  - Friction and wear
KW  - Hydrogen effect
KW  - Lubrication mechanism
N1  - Accession Number: 14870858; Erdemir, Ali 1; Email Address: erdemir@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Tribology Section, Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 37 Issue 11/12, p1005; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: MINIATURE electronic equipment; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SYSTEMS theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamondlike carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction and wear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lubrication mechanism; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.triboint.2004.07.018
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14870858&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McDonald, J.W.
AU  - Hamza, A.V.
AU  - Newman, M.W.
AU  - Holder, J.P.
AU  - Schneider, D.H.G.
AU  - Schenkel, T.
T1  - Surface charge compensation for a highly charged ion emission microscope
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 101
IS  - 2-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 229
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Abstract: A surface charge compensation electron flood gun has been added to the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) highly charged ion (HCI) emission microscope. HCI surface interaction results in a significant charge residue being left on the surface of insulators and semiconductors. This residual charge causes undesirable aberrations in the microscope images and a reduction of the time-of-flight (T-O-F) mass resolution when studying the surfaces of insulators and semiconductors. The benefits and problems associated with HCI microscopy and recent results of the electron flood gun-enhanced HCI microscope are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SURFACES (Technology) -- Analysis
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - 21
KW  - 27
KW  - Charge compensation
KW  - Highly charged ion T-O-F SIMS
KW  - Surface analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 19295659; McDonald, J.W. 1; Email Address: mcdonald6@llnl.gov Hamza, A.V. 1 Newman, M.W. 1 Holder, J.P. 1 Schneider, D.H.G. 1 Schenkel, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L 472, Livermore, California 94550, USA  2: E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 101 Issue 2-4, p225; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology) -- Analysis; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 21; Author-Supplied Keyword: 27; Author-Supplied Keyword: Charge compensation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Highly charged ion T-O-F SIMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.06.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19295659&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A.
T1  - Constraints for flow regimes on smooth fracture surfaces.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/11//
VL  - 40
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - In recent years, significant advances have been made in our understanding of the complex flow processes in individual fractures, aided by flow visualization experiments and conceptual modeling efforts. These advances have led to the recognition of several flow regimes in unsaturated individual fractures subjected to different initial and boundary conditions. For an idealized smooth fracture surface the most important regimes are film flow, rivulet flow, and sliding of droplets. The existence of such significantly dissimilar flow regimes has been a major hindrance in the development of self-consistent conceptual models of flow for single fracture surfaces that encompass all the flow regimes. The objective of this study is to delineate the existence of the different flow regimes in individual fracture surfaces. For steady state flow conditions, we developed physical constraints on the different flow regimes that satisfy minimum energy configurations, which enabled us to segregate the wide range of fracture flux (volumetric flow rate per fracture width) into several flow regimes. These are, in increasing order of flow rate, flow of adsorbed films, flow of sliding drops, rivulet flow, stable film flow, and unstable (turbulent) film flow. The scope of this study is limited to wide-aperture smooth fractures with the flow on the opposing sides of fracture being independent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - constraints
KW  - drop
KW  - film
KW  - fracture
KW  - rivulet
KW  - unsaturated
N1  - Accession Number: 87144573; Ghezzehei, Teamrat A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 11, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: constraints; Author-Supplied Keyword: drop; Author-Supplied Keyword: film; Author-Supplied Keyword: fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: rivulet; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2004WR003164
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144573&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Federspiel, C. C.
AU  - Fisk, W. J.
AU  - Price, P. N.
AU  - Liu, G.
AU  - Faulkner, D.
AU  - Dibartolomeo, D. L.
AU  - Sullivan, D. P.
AU  - Lahiff, M.
T1  - Worker performance and ventilation in a call center: analyses of work performance data for registered nurses.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/11/02/Nov2004 Supplement 8
VL  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 41
EP  - 50
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - We investigated the relationship between ventilation rates and individual work performance in a call center, and controlled for other factors of the indoor environment. We randomized the position of the outdoor air control dampers, and measured ventilation rate, differential (indoor minus outdoor) carbon dioxide (ΔCO2) concentration, supply air velocity, temperature, humidity, occupant density, degree of under-staffing, shift length, time of day, and time required to complete two different work performance tasks (talking with clients and post-talk wrap-up to process information).ΔCO2 concentrations ranged from 13 to 611 p.p.m. We used multivariable regression to model the association between the predictors and the responses. We found that agents performed talk tasks fastest when the ventilation rate was highest, but that the relationship between talk performance and ventilation was not strong or monotonic. We did not find a statistically significant association between wrap-up performance and ventilation rate. Agents were slower at the wrap-up task when the temperature was high (> 25.4°C). Agents were slower at wrap-up during long shifts and when the call center was under-staffed. The productivity benefits of ventilation rates that exceed common standards such as ASHRAE Standard 62 may be small (0–2%), and other factors may have a larger impact on productivity. Understaffing and long shifts should be avoided because both showed a negative impact on performance. In this study, high temperature had the largest statistically significant impact on productivity and was caused by occupants fighting over the thermostat setpoint. Care should be taken to avoid high temperatures in call centers. If occupants are allowed to adjust temperature setpoints, then the size and/or duration of the setpoint change should be restricted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - CALL centers
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - OFFICES
KW  - LABOR productivity
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Offices
KW  - Productivity
KW  - Ventilation rates
KW  - Worker performance
N1  - Accession Number: 15477130; Federspiel, C. C. 1; Email Address: cliff_f@uclink.berkeley.edu Fisk, W. J. 2 Price, P. N. 2 Liu, G. 3 Faulkner, D. 2 Dibartolomeo, D. L. 2 Sullivan, D. P. 2 Lahiff, M. 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for the Built Environment, Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  2: Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA  3: Department of Electrical Engineering, Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA  4: School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004 Supplement 8, Vol. 14, p41; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: CALL centers; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: OFFICES; Subject Term: LABOR productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Offices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Productivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation rates; Author-Supplied Keyword: Worker performance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561422 Telemarketing Bureaus and Other Contact Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561420 Telephone call centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00299.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Faulkner, D.
AU  - Fisk, W. J.
AU  - Sullivan, D. P.
AU  - Lee, S. M.
T1  - Ventilation efficiencies and thermal comfort results of a desk-edge-mounted task ventilation system.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/11/02/Nov2004 Supplement 8
VL  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
EP  - 97
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - In chamber experiments, we investigated the ventilation effectiveness and thermal comfort of a task ventilation system with an air supply nozzle located underneath the front edge of a desk and directing air towards a heated mannequin or a human volunteer seated at the desk. The task ventilation system provided outside air, while another ventilation system provided additional space cooling but no outside air. Test variables included the vertical angle of air supply (−15° to 45° from horizontal), and the supply flow rate of (3.5–6.5 l/s). Using the tracer gas step-up and step-down procedures, the measured air change effectiveness (i.e., exhaust air age divided by age of air in the breathing zone) in experiments with the mannequin ranged from 1.4 to 2.7 (median, 1.8), whereas with human subjects the air change effectiveness ranged from 1.3 to 2.3 (median, 1.6). The majority of the air change effectiveness values with the human subjects were less than values with the mannequin using comparable tests. Similarly, the tests run with supply air temperature equal to the room air temperature had lower air change effectiveness values than comparable tests with the supply air temperature lower (∼5°C) than the room air temperature. The air change effectiveness values are higher than typically reported for commercially-available task ventilation or displacement ventilation systems. Based on surveys completed by the subjects, operation of the task ventilation system did not cause thermal discomfort. With a desk-edge-mounted task ventilation system it is possible to obtain an increase in the effective ventilation rate of 50%. This could lead to reduced energy use. Also, this improvement can be gained while maintaining thermal comfort for occupants. Thus occupants can be thermally comfortable and save energy at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VENTILATION
KW  - THERMAL comfort
KW  - OFFICES
KW  - AIR quality
KW  - NOZZLES
KW  - Improved IAQ practices and technologies
KW  - Offices
KW  - Perceived air quality
KW  - Thermal comfort
KW  - Ventilation rates and strategies
N1  - Accession Number: 15477134; Faulkner, D. 1; Email Address: D_Faulkner@lbl.gov Fisk, W. J. 1 Sullivan, D. P. 1 Lee, S. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004 Supplement 8, Vol. 14, p92; Subject Term: VENTILATION; Subject Term: THERMAL comfort; Subject Term: OFFICES; Subject Term: AIR quality; Subject Term: NOZZLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Improved IAQ practices and technologies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Offices; Author-Supplied Keyword: Perceived air quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal comfort; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation rates and strategies; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00295.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erdmann, Christine A.
AU  - Apte, Michael G.
T1  - Mucous membrane and lower respiratory building related symptoms in relation to indoor carbon dioxide concentrations in the 100-building BASE dataset.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/11/02/Nov2004 Supplement 8
VL  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 134
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - Indoor air pollutants are a potential cause of building related symptoms and can be reduced by increasing ventilation rates. Indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is an approximate surrogate for concentrations of occupant-generated pollutants and for ventilation rate per occupant. Using the US EPA 100 office-building BASE Study dataset, we conducted multivariate logistic regression analyses to quantify the relationship between indoor CO2 concentrations (dCO2) and mucous membrane (MM) and lower respiratory system (LResp) building related symptoms, adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, presence of carpet in workspace, thermal exposure, relative humidity, and a marker for entrained automobile exhaust. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that certain environmentally mediated health conditions (e.g., allergies and asthma) confer increased susceptibility to building related symptoms. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for statistically significant, dose–dependent associations (P < 0.05) for combined mucous membrane, dry eyes, sore throat, nose/sinus congestion, sneeze, and wheeze symptoms with 100 p.p.m. increases in dCO2 ranged from 1.1 to 1.2. Building occupants with certain environmentally mediated health conditions were more likely to report that they experience building related symptoms than those without these conditions (statistically significant ORs ranged from 1.5 to 11.1,P < 0.05). These results suggest that provision of sufficient per-person outdoor ventilation air, could significantly decrease prevalence of selected building related symptoms. The observed relationship between indoor minus outdoor CO2 concentrations and mucous membrane and lower respiratory symptoms suggests that air contaminants are implicated in the etiology of building related symptoms. Levels of indoor air pollutants that are suspected to cause building related symptoms could be reduced by increasing ventilation rates, improving ventilation effectiveness, or reducing sources of indoor air pollutants, if known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MUCOUS membrane
KW  - CARBON dioxide
KW  - INDOOR air pollution
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL quality
KW  - SICK building syndrome
KW  - BASE study
KW  - Building related symptoms
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Indoor environmental quality
KW  - Sick building syndrome
KW  - Ventilation
N1  - Accession Number: 15477131; Erdmann, Christine A. 1; Email Address: chrise@umich.edu Apte, Michael G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Assistant Professor, University of Michigan, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, 109 Observatory Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA  2: Staff Scientist, Mailstop 90R3058, Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004 Supplement 8, Vol. 14, p127; Subject Term: MUCOUS membrane; Subject Term: CARBON dioxide; Subject Term: INDOOR air pollution; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL quality; Subject Term: SICK building syndrome; Author-Supplied Keyword: BASE study; Author-Supplied Keyword: Building related symptoms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon dioxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indoor environmental quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sick building syndrome; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ventilation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00298.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hodgson, A. T.
AU  - Shendell, D. G.
AU  - Fisk, W. J.
AU  - Apte, M. G.
T1  - Comparison of predicted and derived measures of volatile organic compounds inside four new relocatable classrooms.
JO  - Indoor Air
JF  - Indoor Air
Y1  - 2004/11/02/Nov2004 Supplement 8
VL  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 144
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09056947
AB  - Our objective was to develop a process for selecting interior finish materials having low impacts with respect to emissions of toxic and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for school relocatable classrooms (RCs). A laboratory study identified alternate materials with low VOC emissions. Two pairs of RCs then were constructed. One RC per pair contained standard interior materials; the other incorporated alternate materials. The pairs were sited side-by-side at two California elementary schools in fall 2001. Fifteen target VOCs, including the toxicants formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, vinyl acetate, phenol, toluene, and naphthalene, were measured during school hours over 8 weeks in the succeeding fall cooling season. Indoor minus outdoor VOC concentrations with an advanced HVAC operated were low; only formaldehyde concentrations exceeded 5 p.p.b. Classroom VOC concentrations were predicted based on emission factors (µg/m2/h), material quantities and design ventilation rates. These were compared to average adjusted concentrations measured when the occupied classrooms were operating at near the code-minimum ventilation rate. For 16 of the possible 42 comparisons, measured concentrations agreed within a factor of two of predicted the predicted values. Concentrations of six of 10 VOCs were significantly lower in modified RCs though average differences were mostly less than 1 p.p.b. Laboratory-based material testing combined with modeling and field validation to select low VOC-impact interior finish materials helped achieve the aim of providing generally acceptable air quality in new school relocatable classrooms (RCs). The accuracy of the combined process was evidenced by the correct prediction of air quality impacts, though small, due to material VOC emissions when the study RCs were ventilated at code-minimum requirements. The process could be generalized to other manufacturers and classroom types. Material selection also is important to accommodate reduced ventilation rate conditions, which likely occur in many classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Indoor Air is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VOLATILE organic compounds
KW  - EMISSIONS (Air pollution)
KW  - FORMALDEHYDE
KW  - CLASSROOMS
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - Emission rate
KW  - Formaldehyde
KW  - Interior finish material
KW  - School classroom
KW  - Volatile organic compound
N1  - Accession Number: 15477123; Hodgson, A. T. 1; Email Address: athodgson@lbl.gov Shendell, D. G. 1 Fisk, W. J. 1 Apte, M. G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Nov2004 Supplement 8, Vol. 14, p135; Subject Term: VOLATILE organic compounds; Subject Term: EMISSIONS (Air pollution); Subject Term: FORMALDEHYDE; Subject Term: CLASSROOMS; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission rate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Formaldehyde; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interior finish material; Author-Supplied Keyword: School classroom; Author-Supplied Keyword: Volatile organic compound; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00315.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wiederrecht, G.P.
T1  - Book review: Nanophotonics
JO  - Materials Research Bulletin
JF  - Materials Research Bulletin
Y1  - 2004/11/02/
VL  - 39
IS  - 13
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 2145
EP  - 2146
SN  - 00255408
N1  - Accession Number: 14510860; Wiederrecht, G.P. 1; Email Address: wiederrecht@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Chemistry Division and Center for Nanoscale Materials, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 39 Issue 13, p2145; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1016/j.materresbull.2004.07.005
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Weifang
T1  - (LiNH2–MgH2): a viable hydrogen storage system
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/11/03/
VL  - 381
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 284
EP  - 287
SN  - 09258388
AB  - One of the problems related to the employment of hydrogen-based fuel cells for vehicular transportation is “on board” storage. Hydrogen storage in solids has long been recognized as one of the most practical approaches for this purpose. The capacity of existing storage materials is markedly below that needed for vehicular use. Recently Chen et al. [Nature 420 (21) (2002) 302; J. Phys. Chem. B 107 (2003) 10967] reported a lithium nitride/imide system, with a high capacity, 11.5 wt.%, however, its operating temperature and pressure are not satisfactory for vehicular application. In this research a new storage material has been developed, which is from the partial substitution of lithium by magnesium in the nitride/imide system. The plateau pressure of this new Mg-substituted system is about 30 bar and 200 °C with a H capacity of 4.5 wt.% and possibly higher. This is a very promising H-storage material for “on board” storage for vehicular applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - ELECTRIC batteries
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - Extract
KW  - Gas–solid reaction
KW  - Hydrogen storage materials
KW  - Hypericum
KW  - New type of hydrogen absorber
KW  - Outpatients
KW  - Polymer–drug conjugate
KW  - Thermodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 14649361; Luo, Weifang 1; Email Address: wluo@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Analytical Material Science Department, MS 9403, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 381 Issue 1/2, p284; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Subject Term: ELECTRIC batteries; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Extract; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas–solid reaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen storage materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hypericum; Author-Supplied Keyword: New type of hydrogen absorber; Author-Supplied Keyword: Outpatients; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer–drug conjugate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418990 All other merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.03.119
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, Bryan L.
AU  - Groves, Jay T.
T1  - Scanning Probe Lithography on Fluid Lipid Membranes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 13878
EP  - 13879
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents information on fluid lipid membranes. The membranes of living cells, based exclusively on the lipid bilayer motif, are essentially two-dimensional fluid emulsions. Spatial organization and dynamic rearrangement of proteins and other molecules within the membrane environment is a significant aspect of their biological functionality in vivo. Applications of scanning probe lithography (SPL) to pattern organic and biological molecules on surfaces have experienced rapid growth in recent years. In one common implementation of SPL, the tip is used to remove or modify portions of a first molecular layer, such as alkane thiol or siloxane self-assembled monolayers, from the surface. A challenging aspect of achieving controlled removal of supported membrane by SPL is the self-healing characteristic of membranes in the fluid state.
KW  - BILAYER lipid membranes
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - BIOLOGICAL membranes
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - LIPIDS
KW  - SILOXANES
N1  - Accession Number: 15063631; Jackson, Bryan L. 1 Groves, Jay T. 2; Email Address: jtgroves@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Physical Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 11/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 43, p13878; Subject Term: BILAYER lipid membranes; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL membranes; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: LIPIDS; Subject Term: SILOXANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Long, De-liang
AU  - Abbas, Hamera
AU  - Kögerler, Paul
AU  - Cronin, Leroy
T1  - A High-Nuclearity "Celtic-Ring" Isopolyoxotungstate, [H12W36O120]12-, That Captures Trace Potassium Ions.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 13880
EP  - 13881
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents information on the electronic and molecular properties of polyoxometalates. In particular, the ability for molybdenum-based systems to form very large clusters has been demonstrated by a number of nanosized cluster systems. Therefore the ability to assemble large cluster systems from smaller known building blocks in a predetermined way is a great challenge, as such routes could be direct way to systematically control the overall cluster architecture and properties. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that it is possible to assemble large isopolyoxotungstate-based clusters.
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - TUNGSTATES
N1  - Accession Number: 15063632; Long, De-liang 1 Abbas, Hamera 1 Kögerler, Paul 2 Cronin, Leroy 1; Email Address: L.Cronin@chem.gla.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics & Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 11/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 43, p13880; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: CLUSTER analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: TUNGSTATES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malak, Rouba Abdel
AU  - Gao, Zhinong
AU  - Wishart, James F.
AU  - Lsied, Stephan S.
T1  - Long-Range Electron Transfer Across Peptide Bridges: The Transition from Electron Superexchange to Hopping.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 13888
EP  - 13889
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents information on the significance of long-range electron transfer across peptide bridges. Long-range electron transfer (ET) where the separation of the donor and acceptor greatly exceeds their spatial extent is a subject of considerable interest for studies of ET mechanisms in biological systems and in nanoscale science. Beyond the range of direct donor-acceptor electronic overlap, electron transfer may occur through bridge-mediated superexchange between donor and acceptor electronic states or through an incoherent hopping process between localized electronic states on the bridge. In conclusion, the oligoprolines described here present an example consistent with a smooth transition from a predominantly electron superexchange to a predominantly electron hopping mechanism as the peptide spacer distance increases from 8.7 to 32 A.
KW  - CHARGE exchange
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - BIOLOGICAL systems
N1  - Accession Number: 15063636; Malak, Rouba Abdel 1 Gao, Zhinong 1 Wishart, James F. 2 Lsied, Stephan S. 1; Email Address: isied@rutchem.rutgers.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 11/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 43, p13888; Subject Term: CHARGE exchange; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL systems; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilson, Zakiya S.
AU  - Macaluso, Robin T.
AU  - Bauer, E. D.
AU  - Smith, J. L.
AU  - Thompson, J. D.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
AU  - Stanley, George G.
AU  - Chan, Julia Y.
T1  - Rare Beryllium Icosahedra in the Intermediate Valence Compound CeBe13.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 13926
EP  - 13927
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article presents information on rare beryllium icosahedra in the Intermediate valence cesium compounds. Due to the electron deficiency of boron, polyhedral boranes are formed by multicenter 3-center 2-electron bonding, and Wade's rules are often used to explain the bonding in these close-clusters. Beryllium compounds are similarly electron deficient, but polyhedral beryllium clusters are extremely rare. The structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The low electron count of the core beryllium unit is very important and provides a number of empty oxides that possess beryllium-beryllium delocalized bonding character.
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - BORON
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - CESIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 15063655; Wilson, Zakiya S. 1 Macaluso, Robin T. 1 Bauer, E. D. 2 Smith, J. L. 2 Thompson, J. D. 2 Fisk, Z. 3 Stanley, George G. 1 Chan, Julia Y. 1; Email Address: jchan@lsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Source Info: 11/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 43, p13926; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: CESIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tiede, David M.
AU  - Ruitian Zhang
AU  - Lin X. Chen
AU  - Lianhe Yu
AU  - Lindsey, Jonathan S.
T1  - Structural Characterization of Modular Supramolecular Architectures in Solution.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 14054
EP  - 14062
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Structures of modular supramolecular architectures consisting of a hexameric, diphenylethyne-linked porphyrin macrocyclic array and the corresponding host-guest complex formed by inclusion of a tripyridyl guest molecule were characterized in solution using high-angle X-ray scattering. Scattering measurements made to 6 Å resolution coupled with pair distance function (PDF) analyses demonstrated that (1) the porphyrin architectures are not rigid but are distributed across a conformational ensemble with a mean diameter that is 1.5 Å shorter than the diameter of a symmetric, energy-minimized model structure, (2) the conformational envelope has limits of 3 Å positional dispersion and full rotational freedom for all six porphyrin groups, and (3) insertion of the tripyridyl guest molecule expands the diameter of the host conformer by 0.6 Å and decreases the configurational dispersion by approximately 2-fold. These results validate the molecular design, provide a new measure of conformational ensembles in solution that cannot be obtained by other techniques, and establish a structural basis for understanding the photophysical and guest-hosting functions of the hexameric porphyrin architectures in liquids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISPERSION
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PORPHYRINS
N1  - Accession Number: 15063679; Tiede, David M. 1; Email Address: tiede@anl.gov Ruitian Zhang 1 Lin X. Chen 1 Lianhe Yu 1 Lindsey, Jonathan S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695; Source Info: 11/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 43, p14054; Subject Term: DISPERSION; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gordoh, Vernita D.
AU  - Xi Chen
AU  - Hutchinson, John W.
AU  - Bausch, Andreas R.
AU  - Marquez, Manuel
AU  - Weitz, David A.
T1  - Self-Assembled Polymer Membrane Capsules Inflated by Osmotic Pressure.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/03/
VL  - 126
IS  - 43
M3  - Article
SP  - 14117
EP  - 14122
SN  - 00027863
AB  - We fabricate and characterize capsules that are composite membranes, made of a polymer network stabilized by adsorption to colloids and inflated by osmotic pressure from internal free polyelectrolyte, here, poly-L-lysine forms the network and inflates the capsules. To assess these capsules' properties and structure, we deform capsules using microcantilevers and use finite element modeling to describe these deformations. Additional experimental tests confirm the model's validity. These capsules' resilient response to mechanical forces indicates that loading and shear should be good triggers for the release of contents via deformation. The osmotic pressure inflating these capsule has the potential to trigger release of contents via deflation in response to changes in the capsules' environment, we demonstrate addition of salt as a trigger for deflating capsules. Because these capsules have a variety of release triggers available and the technique used to fabricate them is very flexible and allows high encapsulation efficiency, these capsules have very high potential for application in many areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CROSSLINKED polymers
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - COLLOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 15063686; Gordoh, Vernita D. 1,2 Xi Chen 3,4 Hutchinson, John W. 3 Bausch, Andreas R. 4 Marquez, Manuel 4 Weitz, David A. 1; Email Address: weitz@deas.harvard.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138,  2: Lehrstuhlfuer Biophysik - E22, Technzsche Universitaet Muenchen, Germany,  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545,  4: Nanotechnology Lab, Kraft Foods R&D, 801 Waukegan Road, Glenview, illinois 60025; Source Info: 11/3/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 43, p14117; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CROSSLINKED polymers; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lia, Liangxiong
AU  - Dong, Junhang
AU  - Nenoff, Tina M.
AU  - Lee, Robert
T1  - Reverse osmosis of ionic aqueous solutions on aMFI zeolite membrane
JO  - Desalination
JF  - Desalination
Y1  - 2004/11/05/
VL  - 170
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 316
SN  - 00119164
AB  - Abstract: separation of ions from aqueous solutions was performed by reverse osmosis (RO) on an α-alumina-supported MFI:-type zeolite membrane synthesized by in-situ crystallization. For the 0.1 M chloride single-salt solutions, the separation efficiency in terms of ion rejection was found to increase with the ion valence in the order rAl3+ > rMg2+ > rNa+, while the ion and water fluxes changed in the reverse order. The charge density, size, and apparent dynamic hydration number of the ion as well as the mobility of the hydrated ion were found to have critical influences on ion diffusion and water permeation through the polycrystalline zeolite membrane. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Desalination is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Reverse osmosis
KW  - Zeolites
KW  - Osmosis
KW  - Intermediates (Chemistry)
KW  - Ion separation
KW  - MFI
KW  - Zeolite membrane
N1  - Accession Number: 22230087; Lia, Liangxiong 1; Dong, Junhang 1,2; Email Address: jhdong@nmt.edu; Nenoff, Tina M. 2; Lee, Robert 1; Affiliations: 1: Chemical and Biological Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque NM 87185, USA; 2: Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, PPerroleum Recovery Research CenterNew Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA Tel. +1 (505) 835-5293; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 170 Issue 3, p309; Thesaurus Term: Reverse osmosis; Thesaurus Term: Zeolites; Subject Term: Osmosis; Subject Term: Intermediates (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ion separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: MFI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeolite membrane; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.desal.2004.02.102
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manuel, Raymond C.
AU  - Hitomi, Kenichi
AU  - Arvai, Andrew S.
AU  - House, Paul G.
AU  - Kurtz, Andrew J.
AU  - Dodson, M. L.
AU  - McCullough, Amanda K.
AU  - Tainer, John A.
AU  - Lloyd, R. Stephen
T1  - Reaction Intermediates in the Catalytic Mechanism of Escherichia coli MutY DNA Glycosylase.
JO  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Biological Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/11/05/
VL  - 279
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 46930
EP  - 46939
SN  - 00219258
AB  - The Escherichia coli adenine DNA glycosylase, MutY, plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic stability by catalyzing the removal of adenine opposite 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine or guanine in duplex DNA. Although the x-ray crystal structure of the catalytic domain of MutY revealed a mechanism for catalysis of the glycosyl bond, it appeared that several opportunistically positioned lysine side chains could participate in a secondary β-elimination reaction. In this investigation, it is established via site-directed mutagenesis and the determination of a 1.35-Å structure of MutY in complex with adenine that the abasic site (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity is alternatively regulated by two lysines, Lys142 and Lys20. Analyses of the crystallographic structure also suggest a role for Glu161 in the apurinic/ apyrimidinic lyase chemistry. The β-elimination teaction is structurally and chemically uncoupled from the initial glycosyl bond scission, indicating that this reaction occurs as a consequence of active site plasticity and slow dissociation of the product complex. MutY with either the K142A or K20A mutation still catalyzes β and β-δ elimination reactions, and both mutants can be trapped as covalent enzyme-DNA intermediates by chemical reduction. The trapping was observed to occur both pre- and post-phosphodiester bond scission, establishing that both of these intermediates have significant half-lives. Thus, the final spectrum of DNA products generated reflects the outcome of a delicate balance of closely related equilibrium constants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Biological Chemistry is the property of American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - ADENINE
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - LYSINE
KW  - MUTATION (Biology)
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
N1  - Accession Number: 15370608; Manuel, Raymond C. 1 Hitomi, Kenichi 2 Arvai, Andrew S. 2 House, Paul G. 3 Kurtz, Andrew J. 4 Dodson, M. L. 4 McCullough, Amanda K. 4,5 Tainer, John A. 2 Lloyd, R. Stephen 4,5; Email Address: lloydst@ohsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Cato Research Ltd., Durham, NC 27713  2: Department of Molecular Biology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 and Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Dept. of Chemistry, Stonehill College, Easton, MA 02357  4: Sealy Center for Molecular Science and Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1071  5: Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239; Source Info: 11/5/2004, Vol. 279 Issue 45, p46930; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: ADENINE; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: LYSINE; Subject Term: MUTATION (Biology); Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1074/jbc.M403944200
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Whicker, F. W.
AU  - Hinton, T. G.
AU  - MacDonell, M. M.
AU  - Plnder III, J. E.
AU  - Habegger, L.J.
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/11/05/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5698
M3  - Letter
SP  - 975
EP  - 976
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a response from the author, to a letter to the editor, on his article about Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL protection
N1  - Accession Number: 15088540; Whicker, F. W. 1 Hinton, T. G. 2 MacDonell, M. M. 3 Plnder III, J. E. 1 Habegger, L.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.  2: University of Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.  3: Environmental Assessment Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: 11/5/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5698, p975; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL protection; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 527
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Efroymson, Rebecca A.
T1  - Net Environmental Benefit Analysis.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/11/05/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5698
M3  - Letter
SP  - 976
EP  - 976
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor promote the preservation of ecologically valuable, but slightly contaminated sites in the U.S.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - POLLUTION
N1  - Accession Number: 15088541; Efroymson, Rebecca A. 1; Email Address: efroymsonra@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.; Source Info: 11/5/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5698, p976; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: POLLUTION; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 426
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Son, Dong Hee
AU  - Hughes, Steven M.
AU  - Yin, Yadong
AU  - Alivisatos, A. Paul
T1  - Cation Exchange Reactions in Ionic Nanocrystals.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/11/05/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5698
M3  - Article
SP  - 1009
EP  - 1012
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Cation exchange has been investigated in a wide range of nanocrystals of varying composition, size, and shape. Complete and fully reversible exchange occurs, and the rates of the reactions are much faster than in bulk cation exchange processes. A critical size has been identified below which the shapes of complex nanocrystals evolve toward the equilibrium shape with lowest energy during the exchange reaction. Above the critical size, the anion sublattice remains intact and the basic shapes of the initial nanocrystals are retained throughout the cation exchange. The size-dependent shape change can also be used to infer features of the microscopic mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - IRREVERSIBLE processes (Thermodynamics)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MICROSCOPY
N1  - Accession Number: 15088559; Son, Dong Hee 1 Hughes, Steven M. 2 Yin, Yadong 1 Alivisatos, A. Paul 1,2; Email Address: alivis@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 11/5/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5698, p1009; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: IRREVERSIBLE processes (Thermodynamics); Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3405
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daly, M. J.
AU  - Caidamakova, E. K.
AU  - Matrosova, V. Y.
AU  - Vasilenko, A.
AU  - Zhai, M.
AU  - Venkateswaran, A.
AU  - Hess, M.
AU  - Omelchenko, M. V.
AU  - Kostandarithes, H. M.
AU  - Makarova, K. S.
AU  - Wackett, L P.
AU  - Fredrickson, J. K.
AU  - Chosal, D.
T1  - Accumulation of Mn(II) in Deinococcus radiodurans Facilitates Gamma-Radiation Resistance.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/11/05/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5698
M3  - Article
SP  - 1025
EP  - 1026
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Deinococcus radiodurans is extremely resistant to ionizing radiation. How this bacterium can grow under chronic y radiation [50 grays (Gy) per hour] or recover from acute doses greater than 10 kGy is unknown. We show that D. radiodurans accumulates very high intracellular manganese and low iron levels compared with radiation-sensitive bacteria and that resistance exhibits a concentration-dependent response to manganous chloride [Mn(II)]. Among the most radiation-resistant bacterial groups reported, Deinococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, and cyanobacteria accumulate Mn(II). In contrast, Shewanetla oneidensis and Pseudomonas putida have high iron but low intracellular manganese concentrations and are very sensitive. We propose that Mn(II) accumulation facilitates recovery from radiation injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - LACTOBACILLUS
KW  - CYANOBACTERIA
KW  - RADIATION injuries
KW  - WOUNDS & injuries
KW  - ENTEROCOCCUS
N1  - Accession Number: 15088564; Daly, M. J. 1; Email Address: mdaly@usuhs.mil Caidamakova, E. K. 1 Matrosova, V. Y. 1 Vasilenko, A. 1 Zhai, M. 1 Venkateswaran, A. 1 Hess, M. 1 Omelchenko, M. V. 1,2 Kostandarithes, H. M. 3 Makarova, K. S. 2 Wackett, L P. 4 Fredrickson, J. K. 3 Chosal, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.  2: National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.  4: University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.; Source Info: 11/5/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5698, p1025; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: LACTOBACILLUS; Subject Term: CYANOBACTERIA; Subject Term: RADIATION injuries; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Subject Term: ENTEROCOCCUS; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2877
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Keränen, Soile V. E.
T1  - Simulation study on effects of signaling network structure on the developmental increase in complexity
JO  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
JF  - Journal of Theoretical Biology
Y1  - 2004/11/07/
VL  - 231
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 21
SN  - 00225193
AB  - The developmental increase in structural complexity in multicellular lifeforms depends on local, often non-periodic differences in gene expression. These, in turn, depend on a network of gene–gene interactions coded within the organismal genome. To see what architectural features of a network (size, connectivity, etc.) affect the likelihood of patterns with multiple cell types (i.e. patterns where cells express ⩾3 different combinations of genes), developmental pattern formation was simulated in virtual blastoderm embryos with small artificial genomes. Several basic properties of these genomic signaling networks, such as the number of genes, the distributions of positive (inductive) and negative (repressive) interactions, and the strengths of gene–gene interactions were tested. The results show that the frequencies of complex and/or stable patterns depended not only on the existence of negative interactions, but also on the distribution of regulatory interactions: for example, coregulation of signals and their intracellular effectors increased the likelihood of pattern formation compared to differential regulation of signaling pathway components. Interestingly, neither quantitative differences in strengths of signaling interactions nor multiple response thresholds to different levels of signal concentration (as in morphogen gradients) were essential for formation of multiple, spatially unique “cell types”. However, those combinations of architectural features that greatly increased the likelihood for pattern complexity tended to decrease the likelihoods for pattern stability and developmental robustness. Nevertheless, elements of complex patterns (e.g. genes, cell type order within the pattern) could differ in their developmental robustness, which may be important for the evolution of complexity. The results show that depending on the network structure, the same set of genes can produce patterns of different complexity, robustness and stability. Because of this, the evolution of metazoan complexity with a combinatorial code of gene regulation may have depended at least as much on selection for favorable distribution of connections between existing developmental regulatory genes as on the simple increase in numbers of regulatory genes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - CELLS
KW  - EMBRYOS
KW  - Complexity
KW  - Development
KW  - Network structure
KW  - Non-periodic pattern
KW  - Signaling network
N1  - Accession Number: 14376746; Keränen, Soile V. E. 1; Email Address: svekeranen@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Genome Sciences Department, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 171-84, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley,CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 231 Issue 1, p3; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: EMBRYOS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complexity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Development; Author-Supplied Keyword: Network structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-periodic pattern; Author-Supplied Keyword: Signaling network; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.03.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scudino, S.
AU  - Mickel, C.
AU  - Schultz, L.
AU  - Eckert, J.
AU  - Yang, X. Y.
AU  - Sordelet, D. J.
T1  - Quasicrystal formation in mechanically alloyed Zr–Ti–Nb–Cu–Ni–Al glassy powders.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 85
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4349
EP  - 4351
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Different from the glassy Zr62Ti7.07Nb2.21Cu12.28Ni9.81Al6.62 melt-spun ribbon that forms a quasicrystalline phase upon devitrification, the corresponding alloy produced by mechanical alloying of elemental powder mixtures does not clearly show quasicrystal formation. However, the addition of an appropriate amount of elemental zirconium to the mechanically alloyed powder changes the crystallization behavior inducing the formation of an icosahedral quasicrystalline phase as the first crystallization product. This indicates that for this multicomponent metallic glass quasicrystal formation in the mechanically alloyed powder is crucially linked to the composition rather than to the question whether there is a special quenched-in short-range order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASICRYSTALS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - POWDERS
KW  - ZIRCONIUM
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - ICOSAHEDRA
KW  - METALLIC glasses
N1  - Accession Number: 14974983; Scudino, S. 1; Email Address: s.scudino@ifw-dresden.de Mickel, C. 1 Schultz, L. 1 Eckert, J. 2 Yang, X. Y. 3 Sordelet, D. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: IFW Dresden, Institut für Metallische Werkstoffe, Postfach 270016, D-01171 Dresden, Germany  2: FB 11 Material- und Geowissenschaften, FG Physikalische Metallkunde, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 23, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany  3: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 11/8/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 19, p4349; Subject Term: QUASICRYSTALS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: POWDERS; Subject Term: ZIRCONIUM; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: ICOSAHEDRA; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818734
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lyubinetsky, I.
AU  - El-Azab, A.
AU  - Lea, A. S.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Baer, D. R.
T1  - Initial stages of oxide nanodot heteroepitaxial growth: Cu2O on SrTiO3(100).
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 85
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 4481
EP  - 4483
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The growth mechanism in a heteroepitaxy of oxide nanodots is investigated by a combination of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy, and theoretical modeling. In contrast to the majority of semiconductor systems, in the studied metal oxide system of Cu2O–SrTiO3(100) the growth process starts without wetting layer formation with the appearance of small (∼10 nm) square-based planar Cu2O nanodots. Continued deposition leads mainly to increase of the nanodot density, practically, without change of their size. Only after reaching some critical density (∼1013 cm-2 for 760 K growth temperature), growth of scattered, significantly larger islands starts through the coalescence of small nanodots. XPS analysis suggests that the interface between small nanodots and substrate is abrupt with only weak Cu–O(SrTiO3) interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 14974941; Lyubinetsky, I. 1; Email Address: igor.lyubinetsky@pnl.gov El-Azab, A. 1 Lea, A. S. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Baer, D. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 11/8/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 19, p4481; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1819509
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Klapperich, Catherine M.
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
T1  - Global gene expression of cells attached to a tissue engineering scaffold
JO  - Biomaterials
JF  - Biomaterials
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 25
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5631
EP  - 5641
SN  - 01429612
AB  - A goal of tissue engineering is to produce a scaffold material that will guide cells to differentiate and regenerate functional replacement tissue at the site of injury. Little is known about how cells respond on a molecular level to tissue engineering scaffold materials. In this work we used oligonucleotide microarrays to interrogate gene expression profiles associated with cell–biomaterial interactions. We seeded collagen–glycosaminoglycan meshes, a widely used tissue engineering scaffold material, with human IMR-90 fibroblasts and compared transcript levels with control cells grown on tissue culture polystyrene. Genes involved in cell signaling, extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, angiogenesis and hypoxia were all activated in cells on the collagen–GAG mesh. Understanding the impact of a scaffold on attached cells will facilitate the design of improved tissue engineering materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biomaterials is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENE expression
KW  - CONNECTIVE tissues
KW  - EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins
KW  - GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS
KW  - Differential gene expression
KW  - Oligonucleotide microarrays
KW  - Tissue engineering
N1  - Accession Number: 13166965; Klapperich, Catherine M. 1; Email Address: catherin@bu.edu Bertozzi, Carolyn R. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Departments Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 25 Issue 25, p5631; Subject Term: GENE expression; Subject Term: CONNECTIVE tissues; Subject Term: EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins; Subject Term: GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Differential gene expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oligonucleotide microarrays; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tissue engineering; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Wesolowski, David J.
T1  - Comment on “Solubility of the assemblage albite+K-feldspar+andalusite+quartz in supercritical aqueous chloride solutions at 650 °C and 2 kbar” by T.M. Pak et al., Chemical Geology, vol. 200, pp. 377–393
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 211
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 177
EP  - 178
SN  - 00092541
N1  - Accession Number: 14428095; Wesolowski, David J. 1; Email Address: wesolowskid@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 211 Issue 1/2, p177; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bell
AU  - P.
AU  - Aguirre
AU  - F.
AU  - Grant
AU  - E. R.
AU  - Pratt
AU  - S. T.
T1  - State-Selective Production of Vibrationally Excited NO2+ by Double-Resonant Photoionization.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 9645
EP  - 9651
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Two-color, two-photon resonant, three-photon ionization, and high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy are combined to characterize the photoionization dynamics of the 3pσ 2[inline equation]  electronic state of NO2. Direct photoionization of selected vibrational levels of the NO2 3pσ 2[inline equation]  state shows a strong propensity to preserve the vibrational quantum numbers of the intermediate state. Efficient methods for producing NO2+ X 1<EQNDATA>%@mt;sys@%Σ%@sx@%u%@be@%+%@sxx@%%@mx@%[S_EL2;space] </EQNDATA> (000), (010), (100), and (001) with over 95% purity are discussed. This approach is expected to be applicable to the study of the mode dependence of the effects of vibrational excitation in ion-molecule reactions involving NO2+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16427031; Bell P. 1 Aguirre F. 1 Grant E. R. 1 Pratt S. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 45, p9645; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Parsons
AU  - B. F.
AU  - Chandler
AU  - D. W.
AU  - Sklute
AU  - E. C.
AU  - Li
AU  - S. L.
AU  - Wade
AU  - E. A.
T1  - Photodissociation Dynamics of ArNO Clusters.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 9742
EP  - 9749
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We have investigated the dissociation dynamics of the ArNO van der Waals molecule near 225 nm. This photon energy excites ArNO as much as 400 cm-1 above the photodissociation threshold, producing Ar + NO(A 2Σ+,v=0,N=0-12). In the first series of experiments, we deduce the population of rotational levels produced in NO(A) during photodissociation of ArNO with resonance enhanced multiphoton spectroscopy (REMPI) through the E-state. The rotational state distributions show anomalous nonstatistical behavior peaking near high N states. This behavior is consistent with the rotational rainbow effects observed by others with the maximum rotational quantum number proportional to the square root of the available energy. In the second experiments, 225 nm photons sequentially dissociate ArNO and then nonresonantly ionize the NO(A) products, which we observe using velocity-mapped ion imaging. The ion images display rings corresponding to the production of different rotational states of NO(A) during dissociation. We measure the appearance threshold for products from dissociation of ArNO to produce NO(A,N=0) as 44291 ± 2 cm-1. Finally, we observe the contribution of hot bands to the rotational state distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTODISSOCIATION
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 16427042; Parsons B. F. 1 Chandler D. W. 1 Sklute E. C. 1 Li S. L. 1 Wade E. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 45, p9742; Subject Term: PHOTODISSOCIATION; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meloni
AU  - G.
AU  - Sheehan
AU  - S. M.
AU  - Ferguson
AU  - M. J.
AU  - Neumark
AU  - D. M.
T1  - Negative Ion Photoelectron Spectroscopy of SiN- .
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 9750
EP  - 9754
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Negative ion photoelectron spectra of SiN- have been recorded using the 355 nm (3.493 eV) and 266 nm (4.661 eV) photodetachment wavelengths. The spectra exhibit resolved vibrational features corresponding to transitions to the X 2Σ+ and A 2Π states of SiN. Franck-Condon analyses yield the first experimental spectroscopic parameters, re and ωe, for the anion ground state, X 1Σ+. We also determined the first experimental adiabatic electron affinity as 2.949 ± 0.008 eV. The anion dissociation energy D0(SiN-) is then obtained from the electron affinities of Si and SiN and the dissociation energy of the neutral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16427043; Meloni G. 1 Sheehan S. M. 1 Ferguson M. J. 1 Neumark D. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 45, p9750; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruscic
AU  - B.
AU  - Pinzon
AU  - R. E.
AU  - Morton
AU  - M. L.
AU  - von Laszevski
AU  - G.
AU  - Bittner
AU  - S. J.
AU  - Nijsure
AU  - S. G.
AU  - Amin
AU  - K. A.
AU  - Minkoff
AU  - M.
AU  - Wagner
AU  - A. F.
T1  - Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables:  Several “Key” Enthalpies of Formation Revisited.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 9979
EP  - 9997
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The concept behind active thermochemical tables (ATcT) is presented. As opposed to traditional sequential thermochemistry, ATcT provides reliable, accurate, and internally consistent thermochemistry by utilizing the thermochemical network (TN) approach. This involves, inter alia, a statistical analysis of thermochemically relevant determinations that define the TN, made possible by redundancies in the TN, such as competing measurements and alternate network pathways that interrelate the various chemical species. The statistical analysis produces a self-consistent TN, from which the optimal thermochemical values are obtained by simultaneous solution in error-weighted space, thus allowing optimal use of all of the knowledge present in the TN. ATcT offers a number of additional features that are not present nor possible in the traditional approach. With ATcT, new knowledge can be painlessly propagated through all affected thermochemical values. ATcT also allows hypothesis testing and evaluation, as well as discovery of weak links in the TN. The latter provides pointers to new experimental or theoretical determinations that will most efficiently improve the underlying thermochemical body of knowledge. The ATcT approach is illustrated by providing improved thermochemistry for several key thermochemical species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMOCHEMISTRY
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - HEAT
KW  - ENTHALPY
N1  - Accession Number: 16427071; Ruscic B. 1 Pinzon R. E. 1 Morton M. L. 1 von Laszevski G. 1 Bittner S. J. 1 Nijsure S. G. 1 Amin K. A. 1 Minkoff M. 1 Wagner A. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division and Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 45, p9979; Subject Term: THERMOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: HEAT; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gregg
AU  - B. A.
T1  - Toward a Unified Treatment of Electronic Processes in Organic Semiconductors.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 17285
EP  - 17289
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A quantitative study of n-type doping in highly crystalline organic semiconductor films establishes the predominant influence of electrostatic forces in these low-dielectric materials. On the basis of these findings, a self-consistent model of doped (purposely or not) organic semiconductors is proposed in which the equilibrium free carrier density, nf, is a small fraction of the total charge density, a superlinear increase in conductivity with doping density is universal, nf increases with applied electric field, and the carrier mobility is field dependent regardless of crystallinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - HIGH technology industries
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 16427081; Gregg B. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 45, p17285; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: HIGH technology industries; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen
AU  - S.-G.
AU  - Branz
AU  - H. M.
AU  - Eaton
AU  - S. S.
AU  - Taylor
AU  - P. C.
AU  - Cormier
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Gregg
AU  - B. A.
T1  - Substitutional n-Type Doping of an Organic Semiconductor Investigated by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 17329
EP  - 17336
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Doping a perylene diimide organic semiconductor with a one-electron reduced perylene diimide containing a covalently bound counterion provides a well-characterized system for understanding doping in organic semiconductors. We obtain insight into the doping process by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements of the dopant solutions, the dopant plus host solutions from which thin films are spin-coated, and the resulting solid films. After correction for some trace impurities in the solutions, the spin density incorporated into the solid films is linearly proportional to the added dopant density. Nevertheless, the film conductivity increases superlinearly with dopant concentration. Although neither pure dopant nor host aggregate in solution, they aggregate when combined. This is presumably a result of the delocalization of the dopant electron over a number of host molecules. Angle-dependent EPR measurements on thin films suggest that the g-tensor symmetry axis is close to the π-π stacking axis, consistent with relatively delocalized electrons in this crystal direction. Nevertheless, most electrons are not entirely free, but still bound in the vicinity of the dopant cation by Coulomb attraction. At low concentration, dopants appear to segregate primarily to crystallite grain boundaries, while at higher concentration they are incorporated into the bulk of the crystallites. About half of the spins are paired in the solid at room temperature, and more at lower temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - MAGNETIC resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 16427088; Chen S.-G. 1 Branz H. M. 1 Eaton S. S. 1 Taylor P. C. 1 Cormier R. A. 1 Gregg B. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, and Department of Chemistry, Metropolitan State College of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80204; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 45, p17329; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC resonance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - W.
AU  - Gu
AU  - B.
AU  - Liang
AU  - L.
AU  - Hamilton
AU  - W. A.
T1  - Adsorption and Structural Arrangement of Cetyltrimethylammonium Cations at the Silica Nanoparticle-Water Interface.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 17477
EP  - 17483
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Although the sorption of cetyltrimethylammonium ion (CTA+) on silica (SiO2) surfaces has been studied extensively, little is known about the interactions between large surfactant molecules and nanosized colloidal particles with a high specific surface area. The aim of the study was to understand the effects of structural arrangements of sorbed CTA+ ions on the stability and surface properties of SiO2 nanoparticles. The extent of the effect of CTA+ sorption on the aggregation behavior of the SiO2 nanoparticle suspension was investigated with the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. Both the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopic techniques were used to probe the sorbed layers of CTA+ on silica surfaces. Results indicate that, at a low surface coverage (less than a monolayer), CTA+ molecules were strongly bound to the SiO2 surface via their trimethylammonium headgroups. A bilayer sorption of CTA+ was observed at a high surface coverage, and the sorption is attributed to the hydrophobic interactions between aliphatic tails of CTA+. Sorption of CTA+ at a low surface coverage also caused the destabilization of the SiO2 nanoparticle dispersion as a result of surface charge neutralization, but redispersion and surface charge reversal of SiO2 colloids occurred at a high surface coverage. The present study thus confirms the adsorption mechanism of the reverse orientation model and contributes to a better understanding of the sorption and structural arrangements of sorbed surfactants at the SiO2 nanoparticle-water interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
KW  - SILICON compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 16427107; Wang W. 1 Gu B. 1 Liang L. 1 Hamilton W. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences and Condensed Matter Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 and School of Engineering, Cardiff University, P.O. Box 925, Cardiff, CF24 0YF, United Kingdom; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 45, p17477; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mao, Wendy L.
AU  - Shen, Guoyin
AU  - Prakapenka, Vitali B.
AU  - Meng, Yue
AU  - Campbell, Andrew J.
AU  - Heinz, Dion L.
AU  - Shu, Jinfu
AU  - Hemley, Russell J.
AU  - Mao, Ho-kwang
T1  - Ferromagnesian postperovskite silicates in the D" layer of the Earth.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/11/09/
VL  - 101
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 15867
EP  - 15869
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Natural olivine with 12 mol % Fe2SiO4 and synthetic orthopyroxenes with 20% and 40% FeSiO3 were studied beyond the pressure-temperature conditions of the core-mantle boundary. All samples were found to convert entirely or partially into the CalrO3 postperovskite structure, which was recently reported for pure MgSiO3. The incorporation of Fe greatly reduces the pressure needed for the transition and establishes the new phase as the major component of the D" layer. With the liquid core as an unlimited reservoir of iron, core-mantle reactions could further enrich the iron content in this phase and explain the intriguing seismic signatures observed in the D" layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - IRON
KW  - ROCK-forming minerals
KW  - MINERALS
KW  - AMPHIBOLES
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 15240648; Mao, Wendy L. 1,2; Email Address: wmao@uchicago.edu Shen, Guoyin 3 Prakapenka, Vitali B. 3 Meng, Yue 4 Campbell, Andrew J. 1 Heinz, Dion L. 1,5 Shu, Jinfu 2 Hemley, Russell J. 2 Mao, Ho-kwang 1,2,4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637.  2: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015.  3: Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637.  4: High-Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439.  5: James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637.; Source Info: 11/9/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 45, p15867; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: IRON; Subject Term: ROCK-forming minerals; Subject Term: MINERALS; Subject Term: AMPHIBOLES; Subject Term: FLUIDS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418920 Mineral, ore and precious metal merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0407135101
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15240648&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plum, Michael
T1  - Interceptive Beam Diagnostics—Signal Creation and Materials Interactions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 46
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The focus of this tutorial will be on interceptive beam diagnostics such as wire scanners, screens, and harps. We will start with an overview of the various ways beams interact with materials to create signals useful for beam diagnostics systems. We will then discuss the errors in a harp or wire scanner profile measurement caused by errors in wire position, number of samples, and signal errors. Finally we will apply our results to two design examples-the SNS wire scanner system and the SNS target harp. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING systems
KW  - WIRE
KW  - SCREENS (Furniture)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - SIGNALS & signaling
N1  - Accession Number: 15043667; Plum, Michael 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA  2: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; Subject Term: WIRE; Subject Term: SCREENS (Furniture); Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: SIGNALS & signaling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 24p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831132
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043667&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thuot, Michael
T1  - Resolving EMI Issues To Optimize Accelerator Beam Diagnostic Performance.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 47
EP  - 67
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - If you have struggled to get the last bit of performance from a beam diagnostic only to find your dynamic range limited by external sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI) once the system is installed, then you will find this tutorial on electromagnetic compatibility and grounding useful. The tutorial will provide some simple, direct methods to analyze, understand and mitigate the impact of EMI on beam diagnostic systems. Several common and unique accelerator EMI sources will be characterized. The dependencies of source frequency and distance to the source on the optimal choice of grounding and shielding methods will be illustrated. The emphasis is on a stepwise process that leads to understanding and cost-effective resolution of EMI impacts on beam diagnostic systems. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC interference
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC compatibility
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - ELECTRIC interference
KW  - ELECTRONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15043666; Thuot, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANSCE Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p47; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC interference; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC compatibility; Subject Term: COST effectiveness; Subject Term: ELECTRIC interference; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831133
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043666&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sajaev, V.
T1  - Measurement of Bunch Length Using Spectral Analysis of Incoherent Radiation Fluctuations.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 87
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A measurement of the longitudinal beam profile of a relativistic charged particle beam is an important tool in modern accelerators. For bunch lengths in the range of picoseconds, such measurements can be performed by means of a streak camera. Shorter bunches usually require special techniques. In this paper we describe a novel technique that allows obtaining properties of a bunch of charged particles through measurement of the fluctuations of incoherent radiation from the bunch. Due to shot-noise fluctuations in the longitudinal beam density, this incoherent radiation has a spectrum, which consists of random spikes with width inversely proportional to the bunch length. The convolution of the beam current can also be obtained from the radiation spectrum. After the convolution function is found, the phase retrieval technique can be applied to recover the bunch shape. This technique has been used to analyze the shape of the 4-ps-long bunches at the Advanced Photon Source self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser (SASE FEL) experiment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - STREAK cameras
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15043665; Sajaev, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p73; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: STREAK cameras; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831134
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043665&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tiefenback, Michael
T1  - Beam Diagnostics Based on AC Modulation of System Parameters.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 88
EP  - 100
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - To improve the performance of operating accelerators, quantities such as lattice functions, beam transfer functions, betatron frequencies, etc, can be measured turn by turn with beam position monitors or from difference measurements using step changes in system parameters. Spectral measurements in closed orbit machines provide accurate values for some properties. But for open-ended systems and some measurements in closed-orbit machines, periodic modulation can be very useful for obtaining information about the beam line. Using examples from existing machines, we compare and contrast beam based modulation techniques and step function or passive measurements. For example, large amplitude dipole modulation in rings can be used in dedicated exploration of nonlinear optical properties without beam degradation, even allowing for tune spread effects. Low-level modulation can provide real-time system monitoring with no adverse effect on beam users. Examples considered include fully resonant dipole modulation in storage rings such as RHIC (hadrons) and PEP-II (electrons), and the continuous low-level modulation used in the CEBAF recirculating electron linac for real-time feedback to improve availability. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MODULATION (Electronics)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - AMPLITUDE modulation
KW  - STORAGE rings
N1  - Accession Number: 15043664; Tiefenback, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p88; Subject Term: MODULATION (Electronics); Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: AMPLITUDE modulation; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831135
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043664&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beche, J.-F.
AU  - Byrd, J.
AU  - De Santis, S.
AU  - Denes, P.
AU  - Placidi, M.
AU  - Turner, W.
AU  - Zolotorev, M.
T1  - Development of an Abort Gap Monitor for High-Energy Proton Rings.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 111
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The fill pattern in proton synchrotrons usually features an empty gap, longer than the abort kicker raise time, for machine protection. This gap is referred to as the “abort gap,” and any particles, which may accumulate in it due to injection errors and diffusion between RF buckets, would be lost inside the ring, rather than in the beam dump, during the kicker firing. In large proton rings, due to the high energies involved, it is vital to monitor the build up of charges in the abort gap with a high sensitivity. We present a study of an abort gap monitor based on a photomultiplier with a gated microchannel plate, which would allow for detecting low charge densities by monitoring the synchrotron radiation emitted. We show results of beam test experiments at the Advanced Light Source using a Hamamatsu 5916U MCP-PMT and compare them to the specifications for the Large Hadron Collider. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON synchrotrons
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - LIGHT sources
N1  - Accession Number: 15043663; Beche, J.-F. 1 Byrd, J. 1 De Santis, S. 1 Denes, P. 1 Placidi, M. 1 Turner, W. 1 Zolotorev, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p105; Subject Term: PROTON synchrotrons; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831136
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043663&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beche, J.-F.
AU  - Byrd, J.
AU  - De Santis, S.
AU  - Denes, P.
AU  - Placidi, M.
AU  - Turner, W.
AU  - Zolotorev, M.
T1  - Measurement of the Beam Longitudinal Profile in a Storage Ring by Non-Linear Laser Mixing.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 112
EP  - 119
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report on the development of a new technique for the measurement of the longitudinal beam profile in storage rings. This technique, which has been successfully demonstrated at the Advanced Light Source, mixes the synchrotron radiation with the light from a mode-locked solid-state laser oscillator in a non-linear crystal. The up-converted radiation is then detected with a photomultiplier and processed to extract, store, and display the required information. The available choices of laser repetition frequency, pulse width, and phase modulation give a wide range of options for matching the bunch configuration of a particular storage ring. Besides the dynamic measurement of the longitudinal profile of each bunch, the instrument can monitor the evolution of the bunch tails, the presence of un trapped particles, and their diffusion into nominally empty RF buckets (“ghost bunches”). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LASERS
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - PHOTOMULTIPLIERS
N1  - Accession Number: 15043662; Beche, J.-F. 1 Byrd, J. 1 De Santis, S. 1 Denes, P. 1 Placidi, M. 1 Turner, W. 1 Zolotorev, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p112; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831137
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043662&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Webber, R.
AU  - Crisp, J.
AU  - Prieto, P.
AU  - Voy, D.
AU  - Briegel, C.
AU  - McClure, C.
AU  - West, R.
AU  - Pordes, S.
AU  - Mengel, M.
T1  - Fermilab Recycler Ring BPM Upgrade Based on Digital Receiver Technology.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 190
EP  - 200
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Electronics for the 237 BPMs in the Fermilab Recycler Ring have been upgraded from a log-amplifier based system to a commercially produced digitizer-digital down converter based system. The hardware consists of a pre-amplifier connected to a split-plate BPM, an analog differential receiver-filter module and an 8-channel 80-MHz digital down converter VME board. The system produces position and intensity with a dynamic range of 30 dB and a resolution of ±10 microns. The position measurements are made on 2.5-MHz bunched beam and barrier buckets of the un-bunched beam. The digital receiver system operates in one of six different signal processing modes that include 2.5-MHz average, 2.5-MHz bunch-by-bunch, 2.5-MHz narrow band, unbunched average, un-bunched head/tail and 89-kHz narrow band. Receiver data is acquired on any of up to sixteen clock events related to Recycler beam transfers and other machine activities. Data from the digital receiver board are transferred to the front-end CPU for position and intensity computation on an on-demand basis through the VME bus. Data buffers are maintained for each of the acquisition events and support flash, closed orbit and turn-by-turn measurements. A calibration system provides evaluation of the BPM signal path and application programs. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - INFORMATION measurement
KW  - VME (Computer bus)
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15043652; Webber, R. 1 Crisp, J. 1 Prieto, P. 1 Voy, D. 1 Briegel, C. 1 McClure, C. 1 West, R. 1 Pordes, S. 1 Mengel, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, FL 60501-0500; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p190; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Subject Term: INFORMATION measurement; Subject Term: VME (Computer bus); Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831147
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043652&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barr, D.
AU  - Gilpatrick, J. D.
AU  - Martinez, D.
AU  - Shurter, R. B.
T1  - Automated System Calibration and Verification of the Position Measurements for the Los Alamos Isotope Production Facility and the Switchyard Kicker Facilities.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 213
EP  - 220
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory has constructed both an Isotope Production Facility (IPF) and a Switchyard Kicker (XDK) as additions to the H+ and H- accelerator. These additions contain eleven Beam Position Monitors (BPMs) that measure the beam’s position throughout the transport. The analog electronics within each processing module determines the beam position using the log-ratio technique. For system reliability, calibrations compensate for various temperature drifts and other imperfections in the processing electronics components. Additionally, verifications are periodically implemented by a PC running a National Instruments LabVIEW virtual instrument (VI) to verify continued system and cable integrity. The VI communicates with the processor cards via a PCI/MXI-3 VXI-crate communication module. Previously, accelerator operators performed BPM system calibrations typically once per day while beam was explicitly turned off. One of this new measurement system’s unique achievements is its automated calibration and verification capability. Taking advantage of the pulsed nature of the LANSCE-facility beams, the integrated electronics hardware and VI perform calibration and verification operations between beam pulses without interrupting production beam delivery. The design, construction, and performance results of the automated calibration and verification portion of this position measurement system will be the topic of this paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEASURING instruments
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 15043650; Barr, D. 1 Gilpatrick, J. D. 1 Martinez, D. 1 Shurter, R. B. 1; Affiliation:  1: LANSCE-1 BDIT, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p213; Subject Term: MEASURING instruments; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831149
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043650&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blokland, Willem
AU  - Assadi, Saeed
T1  - Experience with the SNS LabVIEW/EPICS-Based Diagnostics Instruments\.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 228
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The SNS Diagnostics Group uses rack-mounted PCs running LabVIEW and EPICS to implement its instruments as network attached devices. Many of these instruments, such as wire scanners and beam position monitors, come from the partner labs. The final integration and testing is done at SNS. We have now gone through several commissioning runs with success. This paper describes the integration, the commissioning, and the physics performance of the devices. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING systems
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - PERSONAL computers
KW  - ELECTRONIC instruments
KW  - COMPUTER monitors
KW  - TESTING
N1  - Accession Number: 15043649; Blokland, Willem 1 Assadi, Saeed 1; Affiliation:  1: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p221; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: PERSONAL computers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC instruments; Subject Term: COMPUTER monitors; Subject Term: TESTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831150
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043649&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cameron, Peter
AU  - Ben-Zvi, Ilan
AU  - Blaskiewicz, Michael
AU  - Brennan, Michael
AU  - Connolly, Roger
AU  - Dawson, William
AU  - Degen, Chris
AU  - DellaPenna, Al
AU  - Gassner, David
AU  - Kesselman, Martin
AU  - Kewish, Jorg
AU  - Litvinenko, Vladimir
AU  - Mead, Joseph
AU  - Oerter, Brian
AU  - Russo, Tom
AU  - Vetter, Kurt
AU  - Yakimenko, Vitaly
T1  - Beam Diagnostics for the BNL Energy Recovery Linac Test Facility.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 232
EP  - 237
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) test facility is presently under construction at BNL. The goals of this test facility are first to demonstrate stable intense CW electron beam with parameters typical for the RHIC e-cooling project (and potentially for eRHIC), second to test novel elements of the ERL (high current CW photo-cathode, superconducting RF cavity with HOM dampers, and feedback systems), and finally to test lattice dependence of stability criteria. Planned diagnostics include position monitors, loss monitors, transverse profile monitors (both optical and wires), scrapers/halo monitors, a high resolution differential current monitor, phase monitors, an energy spread monitor, and a fast transverse monitor (for beam break-up studies and the energy feedback system). We discuss diagnostics challenges that are unique to this project, and present preliminary system specifications. In addition, we include a brief discussion of the timing system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 15043647; Cameron, Peter 1 Ben-Zvi, Ilan 1 Blaskiewicz, Michael 1 Brennan, Michael 1 Connolly, Roger 1 Dawson, William 1 Degen, Chris 1 DellaPenna, Al 1 Gassner, David 1 Kesselman, Martin 1 Kewish, Jorg 1 Litvinenko, Vladimir 1 Mead, Joseph 1 Oerter, Brian 1 Russo, Tom 1 Vetter, Kurt 1 Yakimenko, Vitaly 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p232; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831152
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043647&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dooling, J. C.
AU  - Brumwell, F. R.
AU  - Donley, L.
AU  - McMichael, G. E.
AU  - Stipp, V. F.
T1  - Noise Reduction and Correction in the IPNS Linac ESEM.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 253
EP  - 261
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Energy Spread and Energy Monitor (ESEM) is an on-line, non-intrusive diagnostic used to characterize the output beam from the 200-MHz, 50-MeV IPNS linac. The energy spread is determined from a 3-size, longitudinal emittance measurement; whereas the energy is derived from time of flight (TOF) analysis. Signals are detected on 50-ohm, stripline beam position monitors (BPMs) terminated in their characteristic impedance. Each BPM is constructed with four striplines: top, bottom, left and right. The ESEM signals are taken from the bottom stripline in four separate BPM locations in the 50-MeV transport line between the linac and the synchrotron. Deterministic linac noise is sampled before and after the 70-microsecond macropulse. The noise phasor is vectorially subtracted from the beam signal. Noise subtraction is required at several frequencies, especially the fundamental and fifth harmonics (200 MHz and 1 GHz). It is also necessary to correct for attenuation and dispersion in the co-axial signal cables. Presently, the analysis assumes a single particle distribution to determine energy and energy spread. Work is on-going to allow for more realistic longitudinal distributions to be included in the analysis. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - NOISE control
KW  - ACOUSTICAL engineering
KW  - SIGNALS & signaling
KW  - COAXIAL cables
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 15043644; Dooling, J. C. 1 Brumwell, F. R. 1 Donley, L. 1 McMichael, G. E. 1 Stipp, V. F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p253; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: NOISE control; Subject Term: ACOUSTICAL engineering; Subject Term: SIGNALS & signaling; Subject Term: COAXIAL cables; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335929 Other Communication and Energy Wire Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831155
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043644&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Jeff
AU  - Ekdahl, Carl
AU  - Broste, William
T1  - DARHT AXIS II Beam Position Monitors.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
EP  - 318
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - One of Los Alamos National Laboratory’s (LANL’s) primary responsibilities for national security is to certify the readiness of our nation’s nuclear stockpile. Since the end of underground testing in 1994, LANL has used non-nuclear experiments and computational models to certify our stockpile. The Dual Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test (DARHT) Facility is the next tool scientists will utilize for stockpile certification. DARHT will soon be capable of producing a three dimensional, time resolved radiographic image of a nuclear weapon pit during implosion. Data from these radiographic images will be used to validate the computational models used to study nuclear weapons. The first axis of DARHT with its single-pulse capability has been in use for about 2 years. Data returned from DARHT’s First axis has been exceptional, producing the highest resolution radiographic image ever for a pit test. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NATIONAL security -- United States
KW  - NUCLEAR warfare
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons
KW  - SCIENTISTS
KW  - WAR
KW  - UNITED States
N1  - Accession Number: 15043636; Johnson, Jeff 1 Ekdahl, Carl 1 Broste, William 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 875455  2: Bechtel Nevada; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p317; Subject Term: NATIONAL security -- United States; Subject Term: NUCLEAR warfare; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons; Subject Term: SCIENTISTS; Subject Term: WAR; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928110 National Security; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831163
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043636&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joireman, Paul W.
AU  - Cai, Jerry
AU  - Chase, Brian E.
AU  - Saewert, Greg W.
T1  - BPM System for Electron Cooling in the Fermilab Recycler Ring.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 319
EP  - 326
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report a VXI based system used to acquire and process BPM data for the electron cooling system in the Fermilab Recycler ring. The BPM system supports acquisition of data from 19 BPM locations in five different sections of the electron cooling apparatus. Beam positions for both electrons and anti-protons can be detected simultaneously with a resolution of ±50 μm. We calibrate the system independently for each beam type at each BPM location. We describe the system components, signal processing and modes of operation used in support of the electron-cooling project and present experimental results of system performance for the developmental electron cooling installation at Fermilab. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SIGNAL processing
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COOLING
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15043635; Joireman, Paul W. 1 Cai, Jerry 1 Chase, Brian E. 1 Saewert, Greg W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL, 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p319; Subject Term: SIGNAL processing; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831164
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043635&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Indurthy, Dharmaraj
AU  - Keisler, Ryan
AU  - Kopp, Sacha
AU  - Mendoza, Steven
AU  - Proga, Marek
AU  - Pavlovich, Zarko
AU  - Zwaska, Robert
AU  - Harris, Deborah
AU  - Marchionni, Alberto
AU  - Morfin, Jorge
AU  - Erwin, Albert
AU  - Ping, Huicana
AU  - Velissaris, Christos
AU  - Naples, Donna
AU  - Northacker, Dave
AU  - McDonald, Jeff
AU  - Diwan, Milind
AU  - Viren, Brett
T1  - Ion Chambers for Monitoring the NuMI Neutrino Beam at Fermilab.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 332
EP  - 340
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beamline will deliver an intense muon neutrino beam by focusing a beam of mesons into a long evacuated decay volume. The beam must be steered with 1-mRad angular accuracy toward the Soudan Underground Laboratory in northern Minnesota. We have built 4 arrays of ionization chambers to monitor the neutrino beam direction and quality. The arrays are located at 4 stations downstream of the decay volume, and measure the remnant hadron beam and tertiary muons produced along with neutrinos in meson decays. We review how the monitors will be used to make beam quality measurements, and as well review chamber construction details, radiation damage testing, calibration, and test beam results. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION chambers
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
KW  - HADRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
N1  - Accession Number: 15043633; Indurthy, Dharmaraj 1 Keisler, Ryan 1 Kopp, Sacha 1; Email Address: kopp@hep.utexas.edu Mendoza, Steven 1 Proga, Marek 1 Pavlovich, Zarko 1 Zwaska, Robert 1 Harris, Deborah 2 Marchionni, Alberto 2 Morfin, Jorge 2 Erwin, Albert 3 Ping, Huicana 3 Velissaris, Christos 3 Naples, Donna 4 Northacker, Dave 4 McDonald, Jeff 4 Diwan, Milind 5 Viren, Brett 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510  3: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706  4: Department of Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260  5: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p332; Subject Term: IONIZATION chambers; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; Subject Term: HADRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831166
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043633&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lill, R.
AU  - Pietryla, A.
AU  - Norum, E.
AU  - Lenkszus, F.
T1  - APS Storage Ring Monopulse RF BPM Upgrade.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 358
EP  - 365
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Advanced Photon Source (APS) is a third-generation synchrotron light source in its ninth year of operation. The storage ring monopulse radio frequency (rf) beam position monitor (BPM) was designed to measure single-turn and multi-turn beam positions for operations and machine physics studies. Many of the components used in the original design are obsolete and costly to replace. In this paper we present a proposal to upgrade the monopulse rf BPMs in which the existing system hardware is repartitioned and the aging data acquisition system is replaced. By replacing only the data acquisition system, we will demonstrate a cost-effective approach to improved beam stability, reliability, and enhanced postmortem capabilities. An eight-channel ADC/digitizer VXI board with sampling rate of up to 105 MHz (per channel) and 14-bit resolution coupled with a field-programmable gate array and embedded central processing will provide the flexibility to revitalize this system for another decade of operation. We will discuss the upgrade system specifications, design, and prototype test results. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - EMBEDDED computer systems
KW  - GATE array circuits
KW  - RADIO measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 15043630; Lill, R. 1 Pietryla, A. 1 Norum, E. 1 Lenkszus, F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p358; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: EMBEDDED computer systems; Subject Term: GATE array circuits; Subject Term: RADIO measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831169
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043630&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A. H.
AU  - Yang, B. X.
AU  - Borland, M.
T1  - Measurements of the APS Storage Ring Beam Stability at 225 mA.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 366
EP  - 372
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Advanced Photon Source (APS) is a third-generation hard x-ray user facility that operates nominally at 100-mA stored beam current. As part of our probing of future operation regimes we have run at 130 mA for a user run, and we are on the path to test operations at up to 300 mA. Our most recent experiments have been at 225 mA in December 2003. One sector in the ring is dedicated to diagnosing the electron beam transverse and longitudinal parameters. We use a combination of imaging tools, including an x-ray pinhole camera and optical streak camera for the bending magnet source and x-ray monochromator measurements of divergence on the insertion device source. The onset of longitudinal instabilities due to rf cavity higher-order modes (HOMs) is one of the limitations in going to higher currents. These effects are seen in the horizontal plane of the pinhole camera images since the dipole source is at a dispersive point in the lattice. We observed about a factor of two increase in horizontal beam size and integrated bunch length in the unstable condition. By correlating the size changes with the temperature readouts of the 16 rf cavity cells, we identified the source of the instability. The cavity temperature set points were adjusted to avoid an HOM. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - X-rays
KW  - PINHOLE cameras
KW  - MONOCHROMATORS
KW  - STREAK cameras
N1  - Accession Number: 15043629; Lumpkin, A. H. 1 Yang, B. X. 1 Borland, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p366; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: PINHOLE cameras; Subject Term: MONOCHROMATORS; Subject Term: STREAK cameras; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831170
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043629&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scarpine, V. E.
AU  - Tassotto, G. R.
AU  - Lumpkin, A. H.
T1  - Proposed OTR Measurements of 120-GeV Protons and Antiprotons at FNAL.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 413
EP  - 419
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) is developing optical transition radiation (OTR) detectors for beam diagnostics for their 120-GeV proton and antiproton transfer lines. As part of a collaboration to enhance the luminosity for the FNAL collider RUN II program, the quality of the proton and antiproton beams, as they are transported from the main injector (MI) to the Tevatron, will be characterized using OTR imaging techniques. A prototype detector in air has already successfully acquired OTR images of 120-GeV protons upstream of the antiproton production target. This result demonstrates that (i) the Ti and Al thin foil screens survive the 5 × 1012 proton beam spills, (ii) OTR is sufficient to image lower intensity antiproton beams, and (iii) the images provide two-dimensional information and higher resolution than the present multi-wire profile monitors in the transport lines. Beam bombardment effects on the Al screen and radiation effects on the lenses, filters and cameras have been evaluated for the prototype system for over 1 × 1019 120-GeV protons and will also be presented. An in-vacuum OTR station is being designed for the transport lines with adjustments to the optical components as warranted by the beam characteristics and anticipated radiation environment. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANTIPROTONS
KW  - LENSES
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15043623; Scarpine, V. E. 1 Tassotto, G. R. 1 Lumpkin, A. H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p413; Subject Term: ANTIPROTONS; Subject Term: LENSES; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831176
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043623&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sellyey, William C.
AU  - Lewis, Paul S.
T1  - New Acquisition System for the PSR Beam Pulse Charge Monitor.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 420
EP  - 428
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A Pearson 1010 current monitor toroid has been in use for many years to measure the charge per bunch being delivered from the LANSCE Proton Storage Ring (PSR) to the Lujan Center’s spallation neutron source. Improved electronics have been developed to process the toroid’s signal. The new system generates a calibrated measurement of charge per pulse and is network-enabled to provide remote access to charge, current and other data via EPICS. It is experimentally demonstrated that accurate charge measurements can be made on calibration pulses that contain frequency components well above what is contained in a typical beam pulse. The new electronics consists of a National Instruments (NI) PXI-1002 chassis that contains a PXI-8176 controller, a PXI-5112 100-MS/s digitizer, and a PXI-6602 scalar and digital I/O module. The 8176 runs under the NI Real Time operating system and was programmed to integrate proton pulse waveforms acquired by the 5112 digitizer. For each beam pulse a 50-kHz pulse stream proportional to the pulse charge is generated by the 6602 and this real time information is distributed to all experimental areas. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE rings
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRONIC pulse techniques
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - PULSED power systems
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15043622; Sellyey, William C. 1 Lewis, Paul S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p420; Subject Term: STORAGE rings; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC pulse techniques; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: PULSED power systems; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831177
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15043622&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tupikov, V.
AU  - Nagaitsev, S.
AU  - Seletskiy, S.
AU  - Shemyakin, A.
T1  - Toward a Cold Electron Beam in the Fermilab Electron Cooler.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 445
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Fermilab is developing a high-energy electron cooling system to cool 8.9-GeV/c antiprotons in the Recycler ring. Cooling of antiprotons requires a round electron beam with a small angular spread propagating through a 20-m long cooling section with a kinetic energy of 4.3 MeV. To confine the electron beam tightly and to keep its transverse angles below 0.1 mrad, the cooling section will be immersed into a solenoidal field of 50–150 G. This paper describes the technique of measuring and adjusting the magnetic field quality in the cooling section and presents preliminary results of beam quality measurements in the cooler prototype. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - STOPPING power (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - COOLING
KW  - FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15043620; Tupikov, V. 1; Email Address: tupikov@fnal.gov Nagaitsev, S. 1 Seletskiy, S. 2 Shemyakin, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Fermilab, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510  2: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p437; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: STOPPING power (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: COOLING; Company/Entity: FERMI National Accelerator Laboratory; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831179
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vetter, Kurt
AU  - Cameron, Peter
AU  - Dawson, Craig
AU  - Degen, Chris
AU  - Kesselman, Martin
AU  - Mead, Joseph
T1  - RF Beam Position Monitor for the SNS Ring.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 454
EP  - 461
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Spallation Neutron Source Ring accumulates 1060 pulses of 38-mA peak current 1-GeV H-minus particles from the Linac through the HEBT line, then delivers this accumulated beam in a single pulse to a mercury target via the RTBT line. The dynamic range over the course of the accumulation cycle is 60 dB. As a result of particle energy distribution the 402.5-MHz RF bunching frequency quickly de-coheres during the first few turns. In order to measure first-turn position a dual-mode BPM has been designed to process 402.5-MHz signal energy during the first few turns then switch to a Baseband mode to process de-cohered energy in the low MHz region. The design has been implemented as a dual mother/daughter board PCI architecture. Both Baseband and RF calibration are included on the RF BPM board. A prototype system has been installed in the SNS Linac. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON sources
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - RADIATION sources
N1  - Accession Number: 15043618; Vetter, Kurt 1 Cameron, Peter 1 Dawson, Craig 1 Degen, Chris 1 Kesselman, Martin 1 Mead, Joseph 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p454; Subject Term: NEUTRON sources; Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: RADIATION sources; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831181
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, J. M.
AU  - Chin, M.
T1  - ALS Control System IP I/O Module Upgrade.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 732
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 470
EP  - 475
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Control System for the Advanced Light Source uses in-house designed IndustryPack (IP) I/O Modules in compact PCI (cPCI) chassis to control instrumentation. Each module consists of digital I/O ports and 16-bit analog I/O interfaced to instrumentation via a cPCI rear I/O card. During the past few years of installed operation, several factors have prompted investigation into the design of a new IP I/O Module. The ADC channels have significant offset drift over periods of days of initial installed operation. An in-situ calibration procedure was developed to address this problem, but it lacks speed and is inconvenient to perform. Digital I/O port limitations have led to increasing amounts of wasted I/O. Fast orbit feedback requires faster ADC sampling and better filtering than the current IP Module offers. This paper discusses the issues related to the current IP I/O Module and the design of a new Double-size IP I/O Module. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INSTRUMENT industry
KW  - CALIBRATION
KW  - PHYSICAL measurements
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - ADVANCED Light Source (Company)
N1  - Accession Number: 15043616; Weber, J. M. 1 Chin, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 732 Issue 1, p470; Subject Term: INSTRUMENT industry; Subject Term: CALIBRATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL measurements; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Company/Entity: ADVANCED Light Source (Company); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423490 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831183
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chylek, P.
AU  - Clodius, W. B.
AU  - Bender, S. C.
AU  - Atkins, W. H.
AU  - Balick, L. K.
T1  - Sensitivity of near infrared total water vapour estimate to calibration errors.
JO  - International Journal of Remote Sensing
JF  - International Journal of Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 25
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4457
EP  - 4470
SN  - 01431161
AB  - Analysis of satellite data to estimate the precipitable water (also called the columnar water vapour) amount often leads to systematic errors in deduced precipitable water (PW). The causes of systematic errors are likely to be instrumental calibration errors rather than variability of atmospheric parameters. We use the MODTRAN 4.0 radiative transfer code to model effects of various calibration errors on the Multi-spectral Thermal Imager (MTI) daytime total water vapour estimate. From the considered sources of calibration errors (spectral band centre error, spectral bandwidth error and radiometric calibration error) the radiometric calibration error has the largest influence on the accuracy of total water vapour estimate. When the radiometric calibration error between 1% and 5% is combined with the estimated spectral band centre error of 1 nm and the bandwidth error of 0.5 nm, the total systematic error of the columnar water vapour estimate is expected to be between 8% and 26%. The accuracy of the retrieved PW using the MTI imagery over the NASA Stennis site and Oklahoma DOE (Department of Energy) ARM (Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program) site is about 17%, well within the estimated range due to calibration errors. A similarity between the MTI and the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectral-Radiometer) bands used for water vapour estimate suggests that a similar error analysis may be valid for the MODIS sensor. However, the narrow band instruments (with bandwidth around 10 nm) are much more sensitive to the band centre calibration error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Atmospheric water vapor
KW  - Atmospheric radiation
KW  - Precipitable water
KW  - Bandwidths
KW  - Oklahoma
N1  - Accession Number: 15243411; Chylek, P. 1; Email Address: chylek@lanl.gov; Clodius, W. B. 1; Bender, S. C. 1; Atkins, W. H. 1; Balick, L. K. 1; Affiliations: 1: Space and Remote Sensing Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: 11/10/2004, Vol. 25 Issue 21, p4457; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric water vapor; Thesaurus Term: Atmospheric radiation; Subject Term: Precipitable water; Subject Term: Bandwidths; Subject: Oklahoma; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/01431160412331269742
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Viola, Lorenza
T1  - Advances in decoherence control.
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 51
IS  - 16-18
M3  - Article
SP  - 2357
EP  - 2367
SN  - 09500340
AB  - I address the current status of dynamical decoupling techniques in terms of required control resources and feasibility. Based on recent advances in both improving the theoretical design and assessing the control performance for specific noise models, I argue that significant progress may still be possible on the road to implementing decoupling under realistic constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Modern Optics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC noise
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - DECOUPLING (Mathematics)
KW  - COHERENT states
KW  - PHOTON echoes
N1  - Accession Number: 15791511; Viola, Lorenza 1,2; Email Address: Lorenza.viola@dartmouth.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, 6127 Wilder Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: 11/10/2004, Vol. 51 Issue 16-18, p2357; Subject Term: ELECTRIC noise; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: DECOUPLING (Mathematics); Subject Term: COHERENT states; Subject Term: PHOTON echoes; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/09500340412331284902
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glover, T. E.
AU  - Ackermann, G. D.
AU  - Hussain, Z.
AU  - Padmore, H. A.
T1  - Laser pump and X-ray probe surface photovoltage spectroscopy on Si(111).
JO  - Journal of Modern Optics
JF  - Journal of Modern Optics
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 51
IS  - 16-18
M3  - Article
SP  - 2805
EP  - 2811
SN  - 09500340
AB  - Laser pump and X-ray probe core-level photoemission experiments probe surface photovoltage transients on p-type Si (111) surfaces. The data are consistent with a picture where the dynamics of mobile surface charge dominate the photovoltage shift, with changes in the surface-states charge density of only secondary importance. A value for the equilibrium band binding is determined, which suggests that a residual oxide layer reduces the density of surface states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Modern Optics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 15791881; Glover, T. E. 1; Email Address: teglover@lbl.gov Ackermann, G. D. 1 Hussain, Z. 1 Padmore, H. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 2-345, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.; Source Info: 11/10/2004, Vol. 51 Issue 16-18, p2805; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Serron, Scafford A.
AU  - Aldridge III., W. Stephen
AU  - Fleming, Cavan N.
AU  - Danell, Ryan M.
AU  - Baik, Mu-Hyun
AU  - Sykora, Milan
AU  - Dattelbaum, Dana M.
AU  - Meyer, Thomas J.
T1  - Evidence for Through-Space Electron Transfer in the Distance Dependence of Normal and Inverted Electron Transfer in Oligoproline Arrays.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 126
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 14506
EP  - 14514
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Four new helical oligoproline assemblies containing 16, 17, 18, and 19 proline residues and ordered arrays of a RuII-bipyridyl chromophore and a phenothiazine electron-transfer donor have been synthesized in a modular fashion by solid-phase peptide synthesis. These arrays are illustrated and abbreviated as CH3CO-Pro6-Pra(PTZ)-Pron-Pra(RUIIb2m)2+-Pro6-NH2, where PTZ is 3-(10H-phenothiazine-10)propanoyl and (RuIIIb′2m)2+ is bis(4,4'-diethylamide-2 ,2'-bipyridine) (4-methyl ,4'-carboxylate ,2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(ll) dication with n = 2 (2), 3 (3), 4 (4), and 5 (5). They contain PTZ as an electron-transfer donor and (RuIIb′2m)2+ as a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) light absorber and are separated by proline-to-proline through-space distances ranging from 0 (n = 2) to 12.9 Å (n = 5) relative to the n = 2 case. They exist in the proline-Il helix form in water, as shown by circular dichroism measurements. Following laser flash RuII → b'2m MLCT excitation at 460 nm in water, excited-state PTZ → Ru2+* quenching (k2) occurs by reductive electron transfer, followed by Ru+ →  PTZ+ back electron transfer (k3), as shown by transient absorption and emission measurements in water at 25 °C. Quenching with ΔG° = -0.1 eV is an activated process, while back electron transfer occurs in the inverted region, ΔG° = -1.8 eV, and is activationless, as shown by temperature dependence measurements. Coincidentally, both reactions have comparable distance dependences, with k2 varying from = 1.9 × 109 (n = 2) to 2.2 × 106 s-1 (n =4) and k3 from ∼2.0 × 109 (n = 2) to 2.2 × 106 s-1 (n = 4). For both series there is a rate constant enhancement of ∼10 for n = 5 compared to n = 4 and a linear decrease in In k with the through-space separation distance, pointing to a significant and probably dominant through-space component to intrahelical electron transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RUTHENIUM
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 15260861; Serron, Scafford A. 1,2 Aldridge III., W. Stephen 1,2 Fleming, Cavan N. 1,2 Danell, Ryan M. 1,2 Baik, Mu-Hyun 1,2 Sykora, Milan 1,2 Dattelbaum, Dana M. 1,2 Meyer, Thomas J. 1,2; Email Address: tjmeyer@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CB # 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 11/10/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 44, p14506; Subject Term: RUTHENIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smalley, John F.
AU  - Sachs, Sandra B.
AU  - Chidsey, Christopher E. D.
AU  - Dudek, Stephen P.
AU  - Sikes, Hadley D.
AU  - Creager, Stephen E.
AU  - Yu, C. J.
AU  - Feldberg, Stephen W.
AU  - Newton, Marshall D.
T1  - Interfacial Electron-Transfer Kinetics of Ferrocene through Oligophenyleneethynylene Bridges Attached to Gold Electrodes as Constituents...
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 126
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 14620
EP  - 14630
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The standard heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constants (kn0) between substrate gold electrodes and the ferrocene redox couple attached to the electrode surface by variable lengths of substituted or unsubstituted oligophenyleneethynylene (OPE) bridges as constituents of mixed self-assembled monolayers were measured as a function of temperature. The distance dependences of the unsubstituted OPE standard rate constants and of the preexponential factors (A0) obtained from an Arrhenius analysis of the unsubstituted OPE kn0 versus temperature data are not monotonic. This surprising result, together with the distance dependence of the substituted OPE preexponential factors, may be assessed in terms of the likely conformational variability of the OPE bridges (as a result of the low intrinsic barrier to rotation of the phenylene rings in these bridges) and the associated sensitivity of the rate of electron transfer (and, hence, the single-molecule conductance which may be estimated using An) through these bridges to the conformation of the bridge. Additionally, the measured standard rate constants were independent of the identity of the diluent component of the mixed monolayer, and using an unsaturated OPE diluent has no effect on the rate of electron transfer through a long-chain alkanethiol bridge. These observations indicate that the diluent does not participate in the electron-transfer event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
KW  - FERROCENE
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - GOLD
N1  - Accession Number: 15260872; Smalley, John F. 1,2; Email Address: smalley@bnl.gov Sachs, Sandra B. 3 Chidsey, Christopher E. D. 3 Dudek, Stephen P. 3 Sikes, Hadley D. 3 Creager, Stephen E. 4 Yu, C. J. 5 Feldberg, Stephen W. 1,2 Newton, Marshall D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000.  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000.  3: Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080.  4: Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634.  5: Motorola Life Sciences, 757 South Raymond Avenue, Pasadena, California 91105.; Source Info: 11/10/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 44, p14620; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; Subject Term: FERROCENE; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: GOLD; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plieger, Paul G.
AU  - John, Kevin D.
AU  - Keizer, Timothy S.
AU  - McCleskey, T. Mark
AU  - Burrell, Anthony K.
AU  - Martin, Richard L.
T1  - Predicting 9Be Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Chemical Shielding Tensors Utilizing Density Functional Theory.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 126
IS  - 44
M3  - Article
SP  - 14651
EP  - 14658
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The structures of a series of beryllium containing complexes have been optimized at the B3LYP/ 6-31G(d) level and their 9Be magnetic shielding values have been determined using B3LYP/6-311G+g- (2d,p) and the gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO) method. The calculated chemical shifts are in excellent agreement with experimental values. The performance of a variety of NMR methods (SGO, IGAIM, CSGT) were also examined but were found to be inferior to the GIAO method at the chosen level of theory employed. The theoretical method has been utilized to predict the beryllium chemical shifts of structurally characterized complexes for which no measured 9Be NMR spectrum exists, and to investigate a literature complex with an unusual 9Be NMR chemical shift. A new standard for beryllium NMR in nonaqueous solvents has been suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - MAGNETIC shielding
KW  - ALKALINE earth metals
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC shielding
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 15260875; Plieger, Paul G. 1 John, Kevin D. 1; Email Address: kjohn@lanl.gov Keizer, Timothy S. 1 McCleskey, T. Mark 1 Burrell, Anthony K. 1 Martin, Richard L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Theoretical Divisions, MS J582, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 11/10/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 44, p14651; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: BERYLLIUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC shielding; Subject Term: ALKALINE earth metals; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC shielding; Subject Term: FLUIDS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sarma, G.B.
AU  - Radhakrishnan, B.
T1  - Modeling microstructural effects on the evolution of cube texture during hot deformation of aluminum
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 91
EP  - 104
SN  - 09215093
AB  - The origin and development of cube ({0 0 1}〈1 0 0〉) texture during hot deformation and subsequent recrystallization of aluminum alloys remains a topic of considerable interest in materials research. Finite element modeling at the mesoscale was used to study the hot deformation of microstructures containing cube-oriented grains distributed among grains with S ({1 2 3}〈6 3 4〉) and copper ({1 1 2}〈1 1 1〉) orientations. Discretization of each grain with a large number of elements enables the model to capture the heterogeneous deformation of individual grains. The constitutive response of the material is modeled using crystal plasticity, thereby enabling the prediction of texture evolution in the microstructure. The deformation at elevated temperatures has been modeled by including slip on the non-octahedral {1 1 0}〈1 1 0〉 systems, in addition to the usual {1 1 1}〈1 1 0〉 systems. Microstructures with different grain sizes and some special configurations for the cube grain have been deformed in plane strain compression. The effects of the local environment, grain size and plastic strain on the stability of the cube texture during hot deformation are examined. The inclination of the cube grain boundary relative to the compression axis appears to play a role in the distributions of stored energy and misorientation across the boundary. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - Crystal plasticity
KW  - Cube texture
KW  - Finite element modeling
KW  - Hot deformation
KW  - Mesoscale simulations
KW  - Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 19302742; Sarma, G.B.; Email Address: sarmag@ornl.gov Radhakrishnan, B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6008, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p91; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cube texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hot deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesoscale simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.06.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19302742&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stolyarov, V.V.
AU  - Zhu, Y.T.
AU  - Raab, G.I.
AU  - Zharikov, A.I.
AU  - Valiev, R.Z.
T1  - Effect of initial microstructure on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Ti during cold rolling
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/11/10/
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 309
EP  - 313
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Abstract: Ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti rods were produced via cold rolling UFG and coarse-grained (CG) Ti stocks. The initial UFG stock was produced via equal channel angular pressing. It was found that the initial UFG structure had beneficial influence on the mechanical properties of the cold-rolled Ti rods. Compared with Ti rods with initial CG microstructure, the Ti rods with the initial UFG microstructure have both higher strength and higher ductility after being cold rolled to varying strains. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the Ti rods with the initial UFG microstructure had finer, more homogeneous microstructures after cold rolling. This study demonstrates the merit of UFG Ti processed by ECAP for further shaping and forming into structural components with superior mechanical properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - STEREOLOGY
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - Cold rolling
KW  - ECAP
KW  - Mechanical property
KW  - Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 19302767; Stolyarov, V.V. 1 Zhu, Y.T. 2; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Raab, G.I. 1 Zharikov, A.I. 1 Valiev, R.Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa 450000, K. Marksa 12, Russia  2: Materials Science and Technology Division, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p309; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: STEREOLOGY; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cold rolling; Author-Supplied Keyword: ECAP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical property; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microstructure; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.06.054
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19302767&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, J.R.
AU  - Bernstein, L.
AU  - McMahan, M.A.
AU  - Powell, J.
AU  - Wutte, D.
AU  - Ahle, L.
AU  - Benczer-Koller, N.
AU  - Dashdorj, D.
AU  - Kumbartzki, G.
AU  - Mertzimekis, T.J.
AU  - Schiller, A.
AU  - Silver, C.
AU  - Taylor, M.J.
T1  - Production of a 76Kr radioactive ion beam using a batch mode method
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11/11/
VL  - 533
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 287
EP  - 294
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: A batch mode process has been developed to produce a 76Kr (h) radioactive ion beam at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 88-in. Cyclotron. First, a 6 particle μA α beam is run for 17h to produce approximately 101476Kr atoms via the reaction 74Se(α, 2n)76Kr. Then, the krypton is separated from the target material and injected into the AECR-U ion source. Beam intensities as high as 3×108 particles per second are observed with an integrated beam current of 6(2)×1011 particles per 24-h batch cycle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - ION sources
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - RADIOACTIVITY
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - 74Se
KW  - 76Kr
KW  - Batch mode
KW  - Gas transfer system
KW  - Radioactive heavy ion beam
KW  - Re-cyclotron
N1  - Accession Number: 19277972; Cooper, J.R. 1; Email Address: coops_jrc@yahoo.com Bernstein, L. 1 McMahan, M.A. 2 Powell, J. 2 Wutte, D. 2 Ahle, L. 1 Benczer-Koller, N. 3 Dashdorj, D. 4 Kumbartzki, G. 3 Mertzimekis, T.J. 5 Schiller, A. 1 Silver, C. 2 Taylor, M.J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA  4: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA  5: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA  6: University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4AT, UK; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 533 Issue 3, p287; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: ION sources; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVITY; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: 74Se; Author-Supplied Keyword: 76Kr; Author-Supplied Keyword: Batch mode; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas transfer system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radioactive heavy ion beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: Re-cyclotron; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.151
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19277972&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grinstein, Benjamín
AU  - Ligeti, Zoltan
T1  - Erratum to: “Heavy quark symmetry in spectra” [Phys. Lett. B 526 (2002) 345]
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/11/11/
VL  - 601
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 236
EP  - 237
SN  - 03702693
N1  - Accession Number: 18141326; Grinstein, Benjamín 1 Ligeti, Zoltan 2; Email Address: zligeti@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA  2: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 601 Issue 3/4, p236; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/S0370-2693(01)01517-9
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=18141326&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Westcott, Stephen A.
AU  - Marder, Todd B.
AU  - Baker, R. Thomas
AU  - Harlow, Richard L.
AU  - Calabrese, Joseph C.
AU  - Lam, King Chung
AU  - Lin, Zhenyang
T1  - Reactions of hydroborating reagents with phosphinorhodium hydride complexes: molecular structures of a Rh2B3 metallaborane cluster, an L2Rh(<f>η2</f>-H2BR2) complex and a mixed valence Rh dimer containing a semi-bridging Bcat (cat=1,2-O2C6H4) group
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2004/11/11/
VL  - 23
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2665
EP  - 2677
SN  - 02775387
AB  - The formation of products derived from competing reactions in Rh-catalyzed alkene hydroborations prompted us to study in situ interactions of several hydroborating reagents with unsaturated phosphinorhodium complexes. The reaction of [Rh(μ-H)(DiPPE)]2 (1) with borane–dimethylsulfide gave several rhodium–boron containing products including the structurally characterized metallaborane [RhH(DiPPE)]2B3H7 (2) [DiPPE=1,2-bis(diisopropylphosphino)ethane]. Addition of thexylborane and 9-H-BBN dimers, containing alkyl groups, to 1 gave the corresponding mononuclear substituted borohydride complexes Rh(<f>η2</f>-H2BRR′)(DiPPE) (4: R=H, R′=C(CH3)2CH(CH3)2; 5: R,R′=bicyclo-[3.3.1]-nonane [C8H14]). The analogous monodentate phosphine complex Rh(<f>η2</f>-H2BC8H14)(PPri3)2 (6) was isolated and structurally characterized. Addition of catecholborane (HBcat; cat=1,2-O2C6H4) to 1 gave the unusual dinuclear species Rh(DiPPE)(μ-H)2(μ-Bcat)RhH(DiPPE) (7) containing a semi-bridging Bcat group, confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and zwitterionic Rh(<f>η6</f>-catBcat)(DiPPE) (8). Implications for rhodium-catalyzed hydroborations are addressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKENES
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - PHOSPHORUS compounds
KW  - COORDINATES
KW  - Bridging boryls
KW  - Catalyzed hydroborations
KW  - Rhodium hydrides
N1  - Accession Number: 15804868; Westcott, Stephen A. 1; Email Address: swestcott@mta.ca Marder, Todd B. 2 Baker, R. Thomas 3,4 Harlow, Richard L. 4 Calabrese, Joseph C. 4 Lam, King Chung 5 Lin, Zhenyang 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Mount Allison University, 63C York Street, Sackville, NB, E4L 1G8 Canada  2: Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK  3: Los Alamos Catalysis Initiative, Chemical Science and Technology Division, MS J582, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Central Research and Development, Science and Engineering Laboratories, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Experimental Station, Wilmington, DE 19880-0262, USA  5: Department of Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chirotechnology, Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 23 Issue 17, p2665; Subject Term: ALKENES; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: PHOSPHORUS compounds; Subject Term: COORDINATES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bridging boryls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalyzed hydroborations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodium hydrides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.poly.2004.05.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15804868&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Inyushin, Sviatoslav
AU  - Shafir, Alexandr
AU  - Sheats, John E.
AU  - Minihane, Michael
AU  - Whitten, Charles E.
AU  - Arnold, John
T1  - Synthesis and X-ray structures of metallocenium diamines of iron and cobalt
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2004/11/11/
VL  - 23
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2937
EP  - 2942
SN  - 02775387
KW  - Cobaltocenium
KW  - Crystal structure
KW  - Ferrocenium
KW  - Metallocene
N1  - Accession Number: 15804893; Inyushin, Sviatoslav 1,2 Shafir, Alexandr 1,2 Sheats, John E. 3 Minihane, Michael 4 Whitten, Charles E. 4 Arnold, John 1,2; Email Address: arnold@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 23 Issue 17, p2937; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobaltocenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferrocenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallocene; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.poly.2004.08.012
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15804893&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Corkey, Britton K.
AU  - Taw, Felicia L.
AU  - Bergman, Robert G.
AU  - Brookhart, Maurice
T1  - Aromatic and aldehyde carbon–hydrogen bond activation at cationic Rh(III) centers. Evaluation of electronic substituent effects on aldehyde binding and C–H oxidative addition
JO  - Polyhedron
JF  - Polyhedron
Y1  - 2004/11/11/
VL  - 23
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2943
EP  - 2954
SN  - 02775387
KW  - Aldehyde activation
KW  - Benzene activation
KW  - C–H bond activation
KW  - Rhodium(III)
N1  - Accession Number: 15804894; Corkey, Britton K. 1 Taw, Felicia L. 1; Email Address: ftaw@lanl.gov Bergman, Robert G. 2 Brookhart, Maurice 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #3290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California and Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 23 Issue 17, p2943; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aldehyde activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzene activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C–H bond activation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rhodium(III); Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.poly.2004.09.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15804894&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, Hantao
AU  - Goodman, Jeremy
AU  - Kageyama, Akira
AU  - Burin, Michael
AU  - Schartman, Ethan
AU  - Liu, Wei
T1  - Magnetorotational Instability in a Short Couette Flow of Liquid Gallium.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/12/
VL  - 733
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 34
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A concise review is given of an experimental project to study magnetorotational instability (MRI) in a short Couette geometry using liquid gallium. Motivated by the astrophysical importance and lack of direct observation of MRI in nature and in the laboratory, a theoretical stability analysis was performed to predict the required experimental parameters. Despite the long-wavelength nature of MRI, local analysis agrees excellently with global eigenmode calculations when periodic boundary conditions are used in the axial direction. To explore the effects of rigidly rotating vertical boundaries (endcaps), a prototype water experiment was conducted using dimensions and rotation rates favored by the above analysis. Significant deviations from the expected Couette flow profiles were found. The cause of the discrepancy was investigated by nonlinear hydrodynamic simulations using realistic boundary conditions. It was found that Ekman circulation driven by the endcaps transports angular momentum and qualitatively modifies the azimuthal flow. Based on this new understanding, a new design was made to incorporate two independently driven rings at each endcap. Simulations were used to optimize the design by minimizing Ekman circulation while remaining within engineering capabilities. The new apparatus, which has been constructed and assembled, is currently being tested with water and will be ready for the MRI experiment with gallium soon. This development process illustrates the value of interplay between experiment, simulation, and analytic insight. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC instabilities
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - PLASMA stability
KW  - AXIAL flow
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 15075011; Ji, Hantao 1 Goodman, Jeremy 2 Kageyama, Akira 3 Burin, Michael 2 Schartman, Ethan 1 Liu, Wei 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, New Jersey, USA  2: Princeton University Observatory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA  3: Earth Simulator Center, Yokohama, Japan; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 733 Issue 1, p21; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC instabilities; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: PLASMA stability; Subject Term: AXIAL flow; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1832134
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forde, Cameron E.
AU  - Rocco, Jennifer M.
AU  - Fitch, J. Patrick
AU  - McCutchen-Maloney, Sandra L.
T1  - Real-time characterization of virulence factor expression in Yersinia pestis using a GFP reporter system
JO  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
JF  - Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications
Y1  - 2004/11/12/
VL  - 324
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 795
EP  - 800
SN  - 0006291X
AB  - A real-time reporter system was developed to monitor the thermal induction of virulence factors in Yersinia pestis, the etiological agent of plague. The reporter system consists of a plasmid in Y. pestis in which the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) is under the control of the promoters for six virulence factors, yopE, sycE, yopK, yopT, yscN, and lcrE yopN, which are all components of the Type III secretion virulence mechanism of Y. pestis. Induction of the expression of these genes in vivo was determined by the increase in fluorescence intensity of GFP in real time, in 96-well format. Different basal levels of expression at 26°C were observed for the Y. pestis promoters. Expressed as percentages of the level measured for the lac promoter (positive control), the basal expression levels before temperature shift were: yopE (15%), sycE (15%), yopK (13%), yopT (4%), lcrE (3.3%), and yscN (0.8%). Following the shift in temperature from 26 to 37°C, the rates of expression of these genes increased with the yopE reporter showing the strongest degree of induction. The rates of induction of the other virulence factors after the temperature, expressed as percentages of yopE induction, were: yopK (57%), sycE (9%), yscN (3%), lcrE (3%), and yopT (2%). The thermal induction of each of these promoter fusions was repressed by calcium, and the ratios of the initial rates of thermal induction without calcium supplementation compared to the rate with calcium supplementation were: yopE (11-fold), yscN (7-fold), yopK (6-fold), lcrE (3-fold), yopT (2-fold), and sycE (1-fold). This work demonstrates a novel approach to quantify gene induction and provides a method to rapidly determine the effects of external stimuli on expression of Y. pestis virulence factors in real time, in living cells, as a means to characterize virulence determinants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - YERSINIA pestis
KW  - PLAGUE
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - CELLS
KW  - Biodefense
KW  - Green fluorescent protein
KW  - Real-time expression
KW  - Transcriptional reporter system
KW  - Virulence factor
KW  - Yersinia pestis
N1  - Accession Number: 14650113; Forde, Cameron E. 1 Rocco, Jennifer M. 1 Fitch, J. Patrick 2 McCutchen-Maloney, Sandra L.; Email Address: smaloney@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biodefense Division, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, United States  2: Chemical and Biological National Security Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 324 Issue 2, p795; Subject Term: YERSINIA pestis; Subject Term: PLAGUE; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: CELLS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biodefense; Author-Supplied Keyword: Green fluorescent protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Real-time expression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transcriptional reporter system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Virulence factor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yersinia pestis; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.08.236
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14650113&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Puso, Michael A.
AU  - Laursen, Tod A.
T1  - A mortar segment-to-segment frictional contact method for large deformations
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/11/12/
VL  - 193
IS  - 45-47
M3  - Article
SP  - 4891
EP  - 4913
SN  - 00457825
AB  - Contact modeling is still one of the most difficult aspects of non-linear implicit structural analysis. Most 3D contact algorithms employed today use node-on-segment approaches for contacting dissimilar meshes. Two pass node-on-segment contact approaches have the well known deficiency of locking due to over-constraint. Furthermore, node-on-segment approaches suffer when individual nodes slide out of contact at contact surface boundaries or when contacting nodes slide from facet to facet. This causes jumps in the contact forces due to the discrete nature of the constraint enforcement and difficulties in convergence for implicit solution techniques.In a previous work [Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., in press], we developed a segment-to-segment contact approach based on the mortar method that was applicable to large deformation mechanics. The approach proved extremely robust since it eliminated the over-constraint which caused “locking” and provided smooth force variations in large sliding. Here, we extend this previous approach in [Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., in press] to treat frictional contact problems. The proposed approach is then applied to several challenging frictional contact problems which demonstrate its effectiveness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering)
KW  - STRUCTURAL engineering
KW  - MORTAR
KW  - Contact
KW  - Finite elements
KW  - Friction
KW  - Large deformation
KW  - Mortar method
N1  - Accession Number: 14785589; Puso, Michael A. 1; Email Address: puso@llnl.gov Laursen, Tod A. 2; Email Address: laursen@duke.edu; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, The University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Computational Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 193 Issue 45-47, p4891; Subject Term: STRUCTURAL analysis (Engineering); Subject Term: STRUCTURAL engineering; Subject Term: MORTAR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Large deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mortar method; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2004.06.001
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14785589&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Uchic, Michael D.
AU  - Dimiduk, Dennis M.
AU  - Florando, Jeffrey N.
AU  - Nix, William D.
T1  - Response.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/11/12/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5699
M3  - Letter
SP  - 1134
EP  - 1135
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor, which explains how a surface film could contribute significantly to the strength under progressively rising stresses.
KW  - LETTERS to the editor
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15178579; Uchic, Michael D. 1 Dimiduk, Dennis M. 1 Florando, Jeffrey N. 2 Nix, William D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7817, USA.  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2205, USA.; Source Info: 11/12/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5699, p1134; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 348
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Townsend, D.
AU  - Lahankar, S. A.
AU  - Lee, S. K.
AU  - Chambreau, S. D.
AU  - Suits, A. C.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Rheinecker, J.
AU  - Harding, L. B.
AU  - Bowman, J. M.
T1  - The Roaming Atom: Straying from the Reaction Path in Formaldehyde Decomposition.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/11/12/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5699
M3  - Article
SP  - 1158
EP  - 1161
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - We present a combined experimental and theoreticalinvestigation of formaldehyde (H[sub 2]CO) dissociation to H[sub2] and CO at energies just above the threshold for competing Helimination. High-resolution state-resolved imaging measurementsof the CO velocity distributions reveal two dissociationpathways. The first proceeds through a well-establishedtransition state to produce rotationally excited CO andvibrationally cold H[sub 2]. The second dissociation pathwayyields rotationally cold CO in conjunction with highlyvibrationally excited H[sub 2]. Quasiclassical trajectorycalculations performed on a global potential energy surface forH[sub 2]CO suggest that this second channel represents anintramolecular hydrogen abstraction mechanism: One hydrogen atomexplores large regions of the potential energy surface beforebonding with the second H atom, bypassing the saddle pointentirely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISINFECTION & disinfectants
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 15178593; Townsend, D. 1,2 Lahankar, S. A. 3 Lee, S. K. 1,2,3 Chambreau, S. D. 3 Suits, A. C. 1,2,3; Email Address: asuits@wayne.edu Zhang, X. 4 Rheinecker, J. 4 Harding, L. B. 5 Bowman, J. M. 4; Email Address: jmbowma@emory.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.  2: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.  3: Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.  4: Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.  5: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.; Source Info: 11/12/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5699, p1158; Subject Term: DISINFECTION & disinfectants; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325610 Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pereloma, E.V.
AU  - Shekhter, A.
AU  - Miller, M.K.
AU  - Ringer, S.P.
T1  - Ageing behaviour of an Fe–20Ni–1.8Mn–1.6Ti–0.59Al (wt%) maraging alloy: clustering, precipitation and hardening
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 52
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 5589
EP  - 5602
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Abstract: Changes in the solute distribution as well as the evolution of precipitation, microstructure and mechanical properties have been studied in an experimental maraging Fe–20Ni–1.8Mn–1.5Ti–0.59Al (wt%) alloy during ageing at 550 °C. An initial hardening reaction within 5 s is reported, which is remarkable in terms of extent and rapidity. This strengthening was caused by the formation of complex multi-component atomic co-clusters containing primarily Ni–Ti–Al as well as some Mn. This cluster strengthened condition produced the optimum toughness observed throughout the ageing sequence. After 60 s ageing, the appearance of discrete precipitation of needle-shaped η-Ni3Ti particles was associated with a second rise in hardness towards an eventual peak at 600 s. This precipitation hardening was accompanied by an increase in tensile strength and a decrease in ductility. A reverse transformation of martensite to austenite occurs progressively during ageing and this contributes to the initial and secondary softening. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - MATERIALS
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - STEREOLOGY
KW  - DUCTILITY
KW  - MARTENSITE
KW  - HARDNESS
KW  - Cluster hardening
KW  - Maraging steel
KW  - Precipitation
KW  - Three-dimensional atom probe
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 19302714; Pereloma, E.V. 1; Email Address: elena.pereloma@spme.monash.edu.au Shekhter, A. 1 Miller, M.K. 2 Ringer, S.P. 3; Affiliation:  1: School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Metals & Ceramics Division, Tennessee, USA  3: Australian Key Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 52 Issue 19, p5589; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: MATERIALS; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: STEREOLOGY; Subject Term: DUCTILITY; Subject Term: MARTENSITE; Subject Term: HARDNESS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cluster hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Maraging steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Precipitation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Three-dimensional atom probe; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.08.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mariappan, S.V. Santhana
AU  - Cheng, Xun
AU  - van Breemen, Richard B.
AU  - Silks, Louis A.
AU  - Gupta, Goutam
T1  - Analysis of GAA/TTC DNA triplexes using nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 334
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 216
EP  - 226
SN  - 00032697
AB  - The formation of a GAA/TTC DNA triplex has been implicated in Friedreich’s ataxia. The destabilization of GAA/TTC DNA triplexes either by pH or by binding to appropriate ligands was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and positive-ion electrospray mass spectrometry. The triplexes and duplexes were identified by changes in the NMR chemical shifts of H8, H1, H4, 15N7, and 15N4. The lowest pH at which the duplex is detectable depends upon the overall stability and the relative number of Hoogsteen C∘G to T∘A basepairs. A melting pH (pHm) of 7.6 was observed for the destabilization of the (GAA)2T4(TTC)2T4(CTT)2 triplex to the corresponding Watson–Crick duplex and the T4(CTT)2 overhang. The mass spectrometric analyses of (TTC)6•(GAA)6∘(TTC)6 triplex detected ions due to both triplex and single-stranded oligonucleotides under acidic conditions. The triplex ions disappeared completely at alkaline pH. Duplex and single strands were detectable only at neutral and alkaline pH values. Mass spectrometric analyses also showed that minor groove-binding ligands berenil, netropsin, and distamycin and the intercalating ligand acridine orange destabilize the (TTC)6•(GAA)6∘(TTC)6 triplex. These NMR and mass spectrometric methods may function as screening assays for the discovery of agents that destabilize GAA/TTC triplexes and as general methods for the characterization of structure, dynamics, and stability of DNA and DNA–ligand complexes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Biochemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - Destabilization
KW  - DNA triplexes
KW  - ESI-MS
KW  - FRDA
KW  - Friedreich’s ataxia
KW  - GAA/TTC
KW  - Intercalators
KW  - Minor groove binders
KW  - NMR
N1  - Accession Number: 14714408; Mariappan, S.V. Santhana; Email Address: santhana-velupillai@uiowa.edu Cheng, Xun 1 van Breemen, Richard B. 1 Silks, Louis A. 2 Gupta, Goutam 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, MC 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA  2: The National Isotope Resource, Bioscience Division, Group B3, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  3: McClintock Resource, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 334 Issue 2, p216; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Destabilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA triplexes; Author-Supplied Keyword: ESI-MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FRDA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Friedreich’s ataxia; Author-Supplied Keyword: GAA/TTC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Intercalators; Author-Supplied Keyword: Minor groove binders; Author-Supplied Keyword: NMR; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ab.2004.07.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Banasiewicz, Marzena
AU  - Nelson, Garret
AU  - Swank, Adam
AU  - Grubor, Nenad
AU  - Ross, Jeffrey
AU  - Nesnow, Stephen
AU  - Köfeler, Harald
AU  - Small, Gerald J.
AU  - Jankowiak, Ryszard
T1  - Identification and quantitation of benzo[a]pyrene-derived DNA adducts formed at low adduction level in mice lung tissue
JO  - Analytical Biochemistry
JF  - Analytical Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 334
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 390
EP  - 400
SN  - 00032697
AB  - The two major metabolic pathways of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) that lead to DNA lesions are monooxygenation that results in diolepoxides (BPDE) and one-electron oxidation that yields a BP radical cation. These pathways result in formation of stable and depurinating DNA adducts, respectively. Most in vivo animal studies with BP, however, have employed dosage/DNA adduct levels several orders of magnitude higher than the DNA damage level expected from environmentally relevant exposures. Presented are results of experiments in which A/J strain mice were intraperitoneally exposed to 50-μg/g doses of BP. It is shown that non-line-narrowed fluorescence and fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopies possess the selectivity and sensitivity to distinguish between helix-external, base-stacked, and intercalated conformations of DNA–BPDE adducts formed in lung tissue. Concentrations measured by 32P postlabeling 2 and 3 days after intraperitoneal injection were 420–430 and 600–830 amol BPDE-type adducts per μg DNA. The external and base-stacked conformations are attributed mainly to (+)-trans-anti-BPDE-N2dG and the intercalated conformations to (+)-cis-anti adducts. A stable adduct derived from 9-OH-BP-4,5-epoxide was also detected at a concentration about a factor of 10 lower than the above concentrations. The DNA supernatants were analyzed for the presence of depurinating BP-derived adducts by capillary electrophoresis laser-induced fluorescence and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Biochemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
KW  - INTRAPERITONEAL injections
KW  - Benzo[a]pyrene
KW  - Benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14714428; Banasiewicz, Marzena 1 Nelson, Garret 2 Swank, Adam 2 Grubor, Nenad 1 Ross, Jeffrey 2 Nesnow, Stephen 2 Köfeler, Harald 3 Small, Gerald J. 1 Jankowiak, Ryszard; Email Address: jankowiak@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory–USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 334 Issue 2, p390; Subject Term: CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; Subject Term: INTRAPERITONEAL injections; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzo[a]pyrene; Author-Supplied Keyword: Benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA adducts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ab.2004.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Forrest B.
AU  - Martin, William R.
T1  - Stochastic geometry capability in MCNP5 for the analysis of particle fuel
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2039
EP  - 2047
SN  - 03064549
AB  - A stochastic geometry capability has been implemented into the MCNP5 Monte Carlo code. This capability allows the analysis of TRISO particle fuel, allowing for the random locations of the fuel kernels within the graphite matrix. The method has been compared to a MCNP5 benchmark calculation of randomly placed fuel kernels within a box with reflecting boundaries as well as multiple realizations of lattices where the microspheres are randomly located within the equivalent cubical cells. Comparisons are also made to MCNP5 calculations where the fuel kernels are fixed on a cubical lattice. Our preliminary results for infinite medium configurations indicate that the new stochastic geometry capability in MCNP5 is an accurate and efficient approach to analyze TRISO particle fuel configurations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Nuclear Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Fuel
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Stochastic analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14710475; Brown, Forrest B. 1; Email Address: fbrown@lanl.gov; Martin, William R.; Email Address: wrm@umich.edu; Affiliations: 1: Diagnostics Applications Group (X-5), Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 31 Issue 17, p2039; Thesaurus Term: Fuel; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Stochastic analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Forrest B.
AU  - Martin, William R.
T1  - Stochastic geometry capability in MCNP5 for the analysis of particle fuel
JO  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
JF  - Annals of Nuclear Energy
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 31
IS  - 17
M3  - Article
SP  - 2039
EP  - 2047
SN  - 03064549
AB  - A stochastic geometry capability has been implemented into the MCNP5 Monte Carlo code. This capability allows the analysis of TRISO particle fuel, allowing for the random locations of the fuel kernels within the graphite matrix. The method has been compared to a MCNP5 benchmark calculation of randomly placed fuel kernels within a box with reflecting boundaries as well as multiple realizations of lattices where the microspheres are randomly located within the equivalent cubical cells. Comparisons are also made to MCNP5 calculations where the fuel kernels are fixed on a cubical lattice. Our preliminary results for infinite medium configurations indicate that the new stochastic geometry capability in MCNP5 is an accurate and efficient approach to analyze TRISO particle fuel configurations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Annals of Nuclear Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - STOCHASTIC analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14710475; Brown, Forrest B. 1; Email Address: fbrown@lanl.gov Martin, William R.; Email Address: wrm@umich.edu; Affiliation:  1: Diagnostics Applications Group (X-5), Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 31 Issue 17, p2039; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.anucene.2004.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, Q.
AU  - Ji, L.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Leung, K.-N.
T1  - Combined electron- and ion-beam imprinter and its applications.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4618
EP  - 4620
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A combined electron- and ion-beam system employing a double-chamber plasma source and a single accelerator column has been developed to provide focused electron and positive-ion beams simultaneously, with no need for a separate electron source or accelerating column for sample neutralization. The self-aligned ion and electron beams can he used to micromachine and image a variety of materials, both conducting and insulating. Together with an ion-beam imprinting scheme, the combined electron/ion beam system is compact and provides low-cost, high-throughput, and large-area micromachining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - MICROMACHINING
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15075080; Ji, Q. 1,2; Email Address: qji@lbl.gov Ji, L. 2 Chen, Y. 2 Leung, K.-N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Center for Imaging and Mesoscale Structures, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 20, p4618; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: MICROMACHINING; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812367
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Choo, Hahn
AU  - Seo, Dongyi
AU  - Boddoes, Jonathan
AU  - Bourke, Mark A.M.
AU  - Brown, Donald W.
T1  - In situ neutron diffraction studies on the elevated-temperature deformation behavior of a TiAl–W alloy.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4654
EP  - 4656
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The evolution of elastic lattice strain in a Ti-48A1-2W (at. %) alloy, subjected to (1) quasistatic tensile loading and (2) constant-load tensile creep, was investigated at 1033 K using in situ neutron diffraction. During the quasistatic test to a maximum stress of 435 MPa, a- and c-axes lattice strains increased linearly with a small degree of anisotropy (Ēa/Ēc≅0.9) up to 200 MPa, followed by a significant redistribution of load above 260 MPa due to the plastic anisotropy. Time-resolved in situ measurements were also performed during the creep at 276 and 327 MPa. The results show that lattice strain evolution during the primary creep is qualitatively similar to the quasistatic case under the current test conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - LIGHT
KW  - ALLOYS
N1  - Accession Number: 15075068; Choo, Hahn 1,2; Email Address: hchoo@utk.edu Seo, Dongyi 3 Boddoes, Jonathan 4 Bourke, Mark A.M. 5 Brown, Donald W. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, tennessee 37996  2: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Institute for Aerospace Research, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada  4: Department of Mechanical Aerospace Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada  5: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 20, p4654; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: LIGHT; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1823043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guo Min Zhang
AU  - Schwartz, Justin
AU  - Sastry, P.V.P.S. S.
AU  - Liang Zhen Lin
AU  - Li Ye Xiao
AU  - Yun Jia Yu
T1  - Stress/strain dependence of ac loss and critical current of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 reinforced tape.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4687
EP  - 4689
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The critical current and ac loss of a stainless steel reinforced Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 composite superconducting tape were measured under tensile stress/strain at 77 K. By use of the definition of irreversible strain, a formula describing the variation of the critical current with strain was proposed. A relationship between ac loss and tensile strain was developed from Norris' formula and the critical current-strain relation. It is shown that the experimental results agree well with the values calculated from our formulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - CORROSION resistant alloys
KW  - STEEL alloys
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15075057; Guo Min Zhang 1,2; Email Address: gzhang@caps.fsu.edu Schwartz, Justin 1,3,4 Sastry, P.V.P.S. S. 1 Liang Zhen Lin 2 Li Ye Xiao 2 Yun Jia Yu 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310  2: Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China  3: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310  4: Department of Mechanical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 20, p4687; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: CORROSION resistant alloys; Subject Term: STEEL alloys; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1819995
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15075057&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, B.S.
AU  - Jang-Sik Lee
AU  - Stan, L.
AU  - Lee, J.-K.
AU  - DePaula, R.F.
AU  - Arendt, P.N.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Jia, Q.X.
T1  - Dielectric properties of epitaxial Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 films on SiO2/Si using biaxially oriented ion-beam-assisted-deposited MgO as templates.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4702
EP  - 4704
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have epitaxially deposited Ba0.6SrO0.4TiO3 (BST) thin films on SiO2/Si substrates using pulsed laser deposition by introducing biaxially oriented ion-beam-assisted-deposited MgO as templates. The structural properties of the BST films were strongly affected by the crystallinity of the templates. The dielectric loss of the BST film was found to decrease as its in-plane texture alignment was improved. As a result, a relatively larger figure of merit K value, defined as tunability/loss, was obtained for the films with better in-plane crystallinity. The K factor ranged between 7.5 and 3.5 when the in-plane alignment of the MgO templates was varied from 5.00 to 10.5°. This work demonstrates that the crystalline quality of the template layers plays a critical role in monolithic integration of BST with SiO2/Si for frequency agile devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - LASERS
KW  - SOLIDS
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 15075052; Kang, B.S. 1; Email Address: bskang@lanl.gov Jang-Sik Lee 1 Stan, L. 1 Lee, J.-K. 1 DePaula, R.F. 1 Arendt, P.N. 1 Nastasi, M. 1 Jia, Q.X. 1; Email Address: qxjia@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 20, p4702; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: SOLIDS; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812573
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15075052&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pekas, Nikola
AU  - Porter, Marc D.
AU  - Tondra, Mark
AU  - Popple, Anthony
AU  - Jander, Albrecht
T1  - Giant magnetoresistance monitoring of magnetic picodroplets in an integrated microfluidic system.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4783
EP  - 4785
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - This letter describes the integration of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors with a microfluidic system tor the velocity and size monitoring, and enumeration of flowing magnetic entities. We have fabricated a microdevice that enables: (1) controlled formation of picoliter-sized droplets of a ferrofluid separated by a nonmagnetic oil; and (2) continuous-flow sensing of these ferrofluid droplets. It is shown that the flow velocity, droplet size, and droplet-formation frequency can readily he determined from the GMR response. These results are validated by comparisons to fluorescence microscopy data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FLUORESCENCE microscopy
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 15075025; Pekas, Nikola 1 Porter, Marc D. 1; Email Address: mporter@porter1.ameslab.gov Tondra, Mark 2 Popple, Anthony 2 Jander, Albrecht 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Combinatorial Discovery, Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011  2: NVE corporation, Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55433  3: School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis. OR 97331; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 20, p4783; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE microscopy; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1825059
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15075025&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Noya, Aleksandr
T1  - Direct determination of the equilibrium unbinding potential profile for a short DNA duplex from force spectroscopy data.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 85
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 4792
EP  - 4794
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Modern force microscopy techniques allow researchers to use mechanical forces to probe interactions between biomolecules. However, such measurements often happen in nonequilibrium regime, which precludes straightforward extraction of the equilibrium energy information. Here we use the work-averaging method based on Jarzynski equality to reconstruct the equilibrium interaction potential from the unbinding ot a complementary 14-mer DNA duplex from the results of nonequilibrium single-molecule measurements. The reconstructed potential reproduces most of the features of the DNA stretching transition, previously observed only in equilibrium stretching of long DNA sequences. We also compare the reconstructed potential with the thermodynamic parameters of DNA duplex unbinding and show that the reconstruction accurately predicts duplex melting enthalpy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 15075022; Noya, Aleksandr 1; Email Address: noy1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosecurity and Nanoscience Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Li vermore National Laboratory, L-234, 700 East Avenue, Livermore, CaIifornia 94550; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 20, p4792; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1819982
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15075022&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krueger, B.J.
AU  - Grassian, V.H.
AU  - Cowin, J.P.
AU  - Laskin, A.
T1  - Heterogeneous chemistry of individual mineral dust particles from different dust source regions: the importance of particle mineralogy
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 6253
EP  - 6261
SN  - 13522310
AB  - The heterogeneous chemistry of individual dust particles from four different dust source regions is investigated on a particle-by-particle basis using state-of-the-art scanning electron microscopy techniques including computer-controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy/Computer-Controlled energy dispersive X-ray (CCSEM/EDX) analysis. Morphology and compositional changes of individual particles as they react with nitric acid are observed. Clear differences in the reactivity of mineral dusts from these four different dust regions with nitric acid could be observed. Mineral dust from source regions containing high levels of calcium, such as those found in parts of China and Saudi Arabia, are found to react to the greatest extent. Calcium containing minerals, such as calcite (CaCO3) and dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2), react to form nitrate salts whereas other calcium containing minerals such as gypsum (CaSO4<ce:glyph name="rad" />2H2O) do not react. The importance of particle chemical composition and mineralogy in the heterogeneous chemistry of mineral dust aerosol is definitively borne out in this study of individual dust particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - CHEMISTRY -- Study & teaching
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - ATmospheric Degradability INdex
KW  - Atmospheric processing
KW  - Heterogeneous chemistry
KW  - Mineral aerosol
KW  - Particle analysis
KW  - Principal component analysis (PCA)
KW  - Theoretical molecular descriptors
KW  - VOC
N1  - Accession Number: 14748334; Krueger, B.J. 1 Grassian, V.H.; Email Address: vicki-grassian@uiowa.edu Cowin, J.P. 2 Laskin, A.; Email Address: alexander.laskin@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA  2: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O.Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 38 Issue 36, p6253; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY -- Study & teaching; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: ATmospheric Degradability INdex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atmospheric processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneous chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral aerosol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Principal component analysis (PCA); Author-Supplied Keyword: Theoretical molecular descriptors; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.07.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14748334&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tonkovich, A.Y.
AU  - Perry, S.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Qiu, D.
AU  - LaPlante, T.
AU  - Rogers, W.A.
T1  - Microchannel process technology for compact methane steam reforming
JO  - Chemical Engineering Science
JF  - Chemical Engineering Science
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 59
IS  - 22/23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4819
EP  - 4824
SN  - 00092509
AB  - Abstract: The study of microchannel reaction engineering and applications to compact chemical reactors has expanded rapidly both academically and industrially in recent years. , a spin-out company from Battelle Memorial Institute, is commercializing microchannel process technology for large-scale chemical processing. Hydrogen production at industrial rates in compact Velocys hardware is made possible through increases in both heat and mass transfer rates for highly active and novel catalysts. In one example, a microchannel methane steam reforming reactor is presented with integrated catalytic partial oxidation of methane prior to catalytic combustion with low excess air (25%) to generate the required energy for endothermic methane steam reforming in adjacent channels. Heat transfer rates from the exothermic reactions exceed  of interplanar heat transfer surface area and exceed  of total reaction volume for a methane steam reforming contact time near 4ms. The process intensity of the Velocys methane steam reformer well exceeds that of conventional steam reformers, which have a typical volumetric heat flux below . The integration of multiple unit operations and improvements in process intensification result in significant capital and operating cost savings for commercial applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Engineering Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - BIOGAS
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - MICROREACTORS
KW  - Heat transfer
KW  - Mass transfer
KW  - Methane steam reforming
KW  - Microchannel reactor
KW  - Scale-up
KW  - Unit operations
N1  - Accession Number: 15825601; Tonkovich, A.Y. 1; Email Address: tonkovich@velocys.com Perry, S. 1 Wang, Y. 2 Qiu, D. 1 LaPlante, T. 1 Rogers, W.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Velocys, Inc., Technology Development, 7950 Corporate Drive, Plain City, OH 43064, USA  2: Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 59 Issue 22/23, p4819; Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: BIOGAS; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: MICROREACTORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heat transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mass transfer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane steam reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microchannel reactor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scale-up; Author-Supplied Keyword: Unit operations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ces.2004.07.098
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15825601&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chu, Xuelei
AU  - Ohmoto, Hiroshi
AU  - Cole, David R.
T1  - Kinetics of sulfur isotope exchange between aqueous sulfide and thiosulfate involving intra- and intermolecular reactions at hydrothermal conditions
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 211
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 235
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Abstract: Sulfur isotope exchange between sulfide (H2S) and thiosulfate (HSSO3H) can be described by the general rate law for a two-compound system (X and AB) with three exchangeable atoms (X, A, and B) proposed by [X. Chu, H. Ohmoto, Kinetics of isotope exchange reactions involving intra- and intermolecular reactions: I. Rate law for a system with two chemical compounds and three exchangeable atoms. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55 1991 1953–1961]. According to the rate law, the isotope exchange reaction is comprised of one overall intramolecular exchange between sulfane (–SH or SH) and sulfonate (–SO3H or SO3H) sulfurs of thiosulfate (i.e., SH⇔SO3H in thiosulfate) and two overall intermolecular exchanges between sulfide and sulfane sulfur of thiosulfate (i.e., H2S⇔SH of thiosulfate) and between sulfide and sulfonate sulfur of thiosulfate (i.e., H2S⇔SO3H of thiosulfate). The rate constants for the three overall exchange reactions and the equilibrium isotopic fractionation factors among sulfide, sulfane, and sulfonate of thiosulfate were estimated by fitting [F. Uyama, H. Chiba, M. Kusakabe, H. Sakai, Sulfur isotope exchange reaction in the aqueous system: thiosulfate–sulfide–sulfate at hydrothermal temperature. Geochem. J. 19 1985 301–315] experimental data on sulfur isotope exchange between aqueous H2S and sodium thiosulfate by the least squares method. At temperatures of 100–170 °C, the equilibrium fractionation factors (in per mil) can be expressed as:and(T in K). At near-neutral pH, the overall rate (m−1 s−1) for the sulfur isotope exchange between H2S and –SO3H of thiosulfate is described by(T in K) with an activation energy of 98.3 kJ/mol at 100–170 °C. A comparison of the rates of sulfur exchanges among H2S, –SH, and –SO3H of thiosulfate with the rates of polysulfide–thiosulfate formation and disproportion reactions determined by [W.F. Giggenbach, Kinetics of the polysulfide–thiosulfate disproportionation up to 240 °C. Inorg. Chem. 13 1974b 1730–1733] suggests that the sulfur isotope exchanges between aqueous sulfide and thiosulfate may proceed via the formation and disproportionation of polysulfides (e.g., S3S2−, S4S2−, etc.):and. The disproportionation reaction of polysulfides appears to control the exchange rate between S2− and S6+ atoms in thiosulfate and is considered the rate-determining step in the sulfate–sulfide exchange reaction rather than the intramolecular exchange of thiosulfate proposed by [H. Ohmoto, A.C. Lasaga, Kinetics of reactions between aqueous sulfates and sulfides in hydrothermal systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46 1982 1727–1745]. Therefore, polysulfides may play an important role in the chemical and isotopic reactions between aqueous sulfide and sulfate under hydrothermal conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
KW  - Fractionation
KW  - Hydrothermal systems
KW  - Isotope exchange
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Sulfur isotopes
N1  - Accession Number: 19290486; Chu, Xuelei 1 Ohmoto, Hiroshi 2 Cole, David R. 3; Email Address: coledr@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China  2: Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 211 Issue 3/4, p217; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fractionation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isotope exchange; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sulfur isotopes; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.013
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19290486&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chacón, L.
T1  - A non-staggered, conservative, , finite-volume scheme for 3D implicit extended magnetohydrodynamics in curvilinear geometries
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 163
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 143
EP  - 171
SN  - 00104655
AB  - In the development of spatial difference schemes for magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), the preservation of continuum properties such as conservation of mass, momentum, and energy, as well as required electromagnetic constraints (, where  is the electrical current), is desirable to preserve numerical accuracy. Moreover, simplicity of the scheme is also a desirable feature, particularly when an implicit implementation is considered (the focus of this paper). We propose here a finite-volume, cell-centered (non-staggered) scheme for the extended MHD formulation that: (1) is suitable for implicit implementations in arbitrary curvilinear geometries, (2) is conservative, (3) preserves both the magnetic field and the electrical current solenoidal to machine precision, and (4) is linearly and nonlinearly stable in the absence of numerical and physical dissipation. Crucial to the viability of the scheme is the use of a clever interpolation scheme (ZIP [Hirt, J. Comput. Phys. 2 (1968) 339–355]), the proper treatment of boundary conditions in curvilinear geometry, and a novel treatment of geometric source terms in the momentum equation that ensures their exact cancellation in the absence of pressure forces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PLASMA dynamics
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - 02.60.Cb
KW  - 02.60.Jh
KW  - 52.65.Kj
N1  - Accession Number: 14872002; Chacón, L. 1; Email Address: chacon@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 163 Issue 3, p143; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PLASMA dynamics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.60.Cb; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.60.Jh; Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.65.Kj; Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.08.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14872002&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tréhu, A.M.
AU  - Torres, M.E.
AU  - Long, P.E.
AU  - Bohrmann, G.
AU  - Rack, F.R.
AU  - Collett, T.S.
AU  - Goldberg, D.S.
AU  - Milkov, A.V.
AU  - Riedel, M.
AU  - Schultheiss, P.
AU  - Bangs, N.L.
AU  - Barr, S.R.
AU  - Borowski, W.S.
AU  - Claypool, G.E.
AU  - Delwiche, M.E.
AU  - Dickens, G.R.
AU  - Gracia, E.
AU  - Guerin, G.
AU  - Holland, M.
AU  - Johnson, J.E.
T1  - Erratum to “Three-dimensional distribution of gas hydrate beneath southern Hydrate Ridge: constraints from ODP Leg 204” [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 222 (2004) 845–862]
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 227
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 557
EP  - 558
SN  - 0012821X
N1  - Accession Number: 14871417; Tréhu, A.M.; Email Address: trehu@coas.oregonstate.edu Torres, M.E. 1 Long, P.E. 2 Bohrmann, G. 3 Rack, F.R. 4 Collett, T.S. 5 Goldberg, D.S. 6 Milkov, A.V. Riedel, M. 7 Schultheiss, P. 8 Bangs, N.L. 9 Barr, S.R. 10 Borowski, W.S. 11 Claypool, G.E. 12 Delwiche, M.E. 13 Dickens, G.R. 14 Gracia, E. 15 Guerin, G. 14 Holland, M. 16 Johnson, J.E. 1; Affiliation:  1: College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-5503, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurterstrasse, D-28359 Bremen, Germany  4: JOI, 1755 Massachusetts Ave. NW, suite 700, Washington, DC 20036, USA  5: U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225, USA  6: Borehole Research Group, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY 10964, USA  7: Geological Survey of Canada, Pacific Geoscience Centre, Sidney BS, Canada V8L4B2  8: GEOTEK, Daventry, Northants, NN11 5RD, UK  9: Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, 4412 Spicewood Springs Rd., Austin, TX 78759, USA  10: Department of Geology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK  11: Department of Earth Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, 512 Lancaster Ave., Richmond, KY 40475, USA  12: 8910 West 2nd Avenue, Lakewood, CO 80226, USA  13: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2203, USA  14: Department of Earth Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  15: Unitat de Tecnologia Marina, Centre Mediterrani d'Investigacions Marines i Ambientals, 08003 Barcelona, Spain  16: Department of Geological Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 227 Issue 3/4, p557; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - M. S. Gustin
AU  - Ericksen, J. A.
AU  - Schorran, D. E.
AU  - Johnson, D. W.
AU  - Lindberg, S. E.
AU  - Coleman, J. S.
T1  - Application of Controlled Mesocosms for Understanding Mercury Air--Soil--Plant Exchange.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6044
EP  - 6050
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Whole system elemental mercury (Hg0) flux was measured for ∼1.5 years using two large gas exchange mesocosms containing ∼100 two-year old aspen trees (Populus tremuloides) planted in soil with elevated mercury concentrations (12.3 μg/g). We hypothesized that during leaf- out, whole mesocosm Hg0 flux would increase due to movement of Hg0 in the transpiration stream from the soil to the air. This hypothesis was not supported; plants were found to assimilate Hg0 from the contaminated air, and whole system Hg0 emissions were reduced as plants leafed-out due to shading of the soil. Surface disturbance, watering, and increases in soil moisture, light, and temperature were all found to increase whole system Hg0 flux, with light being a more significant factor. Although surface soils were maintained at 15-20% moisture, daily watering caused pulses of Hg0 to be released from the soil throughout the experiment Data developed in this experiment suggested that those processes acting on the soil surface are the primary influence on Hg emissions and that the presence of vegetation, which shields soil surfaces from incident light, reduces Hg emissions from enriched soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Mercury
KW  - Transpiration of plants
KW  - Soil moisture
KW  - Air
KW  - Populus tremuloides
KW  - Aspen (Trees)
N1  - Accession Number: 15272935; M. S. Gustin 1; Email Address: msg@unr.nevada.edu; Ericksen, J. A. 1; Schorran, D. E. 2; Johnson, D. W. 1; Lindberg, S. E. 3; Coleman, J. S. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557.; 2: Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada 89512.; 3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Issue Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 22, p6044; Thesaurus Term: Mercury; Thesaurus Term: Transpiration of plants; Thesaurus Term: Soil moisture; Thesaurus Term: Air; Subject Term: Populus tremuloides; Subject Term: Aspen (Trees); NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wan, Jiamin
AU  - Tokunaga, Tetsu K.
AU  - Saiz, Eduardo
AU  - Larsen, Joern T.
AU  - Zheng, Zuoping
AU  - Couture, Rex A.
T1  - Colloid Formation at Waste Plume Fronts.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 6066
EP  - 6073
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Highly saline and caustic tank waste solutions containing radionuclides and toxic metals have leaked into sediments at U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facilities such as the Hanford Site (Washington state). Colloid transport is frequently invoked to explain migration of radionuclides and metals in the subsurface. To understand colloid formation during interactions between highly reactive fluids and sediments and its impact on contaminant transport, we simulated tank waste solution (TWS) leakage processes in laboratory columns at ambient and elevated (70 °C) temperatures. We found that maximum formation of mobile colloids occurred at the plume fronts (hundreds to thousands times higher than within the plume bodies or during later leaching). Concentrations of suspended solids were as high as 3 mass %, and their particle sizes ranged from tens of nanometers to a few micrometers. Calcium carbonate is always one of the dominant phases of the plume front colloids, while the other phases varied with solution pH and temperature. During infiltration of the leaked high-Nat waste solution, rapid and completed Na+ replacement of exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ from the sediment caused accumulation of these divalent cations at the moving plume front Precipitation of supersaturated Ca2+/Mg2+ bearing minerals caused dramatic pH reduction at the plume front In turn, the reduced pH caused precipitation of other minerals. This understanding can help predict the behavior of contaminant trace elements carried by the tank waste solutions and could not have been obtained through conventional batch studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Hydrogen-ion concentration
KW  - pH effect
KW  - Trace elements
KW  - Isotopes
KW  - Colloids
N1  - Accession Number: 15272938; Wan, Jiamin; Email Address: jwan@lbl.gov; Tokunaga, Tetsu K. 1; Saiz, Eduardo 2; Larsen, Joern T. 1; Zheng, Zuoping 1; Couture, Rex A. 3; Affiliations: 1: Earth Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; 2: Material Science Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; 3: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.; Issue Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 22, p6066; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen-ion concentration; Thesaurus Term: pH effect; Thesaurus Term: Trace elements; Subject Term: Isotopes; Subject Term: Colloids; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Chongxuan
AU  - Zachara, John M.
AU  - Qafoku, Odeta
AU  - McKinley, James P.
AU  - Heald, Steve M.
AU  - Wang, Zheming
T1  - Dissolution of uranyl microprecipitates in subsurface sediments at Hanford Site, USA
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4519
EP  - 4537
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Abstract: The dissolution of uranium was investigated from contaminated sediments obtained at the US. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) Hanford site. The uranium existed in the sediments as uranyl silicate microprecipitates in fractures, cleavages, and cavities within sediment grains. Uranium dissolution was studied in Na, Na-Ca, and NH4 electrolytes with pH ranging from 7.0 to 9.5 under ambient CO2 pressure. The rate and extent of uranium dissolution was influenced by uranyl mineral solubility, carbonate concentration, and mass transfer rate from intraparticle regions. Dissolved uranium concentration reached constant values within a month in electrolytes below pH 8.2, whereas concentrations continued to rise for over 200 d at pH 9.0 and above. The steady-state concentrations were consistent with the solubility of Na-boltwoodite and/or uranophane, which exhibit similar solubility under the experimental conditions. The uranium dissolution rate increased with increasing carbonate concentration, and was initially fast. It decreased with time as solubility equilibrium was attained, or dissolution kinetics or mass transfer rate from intraparticle regions became rate-limiting. Microscopic observations indicated that uranium precipitates were distributed in intragrain microfractures with variable sizes and connectivity to particle surfaces. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopic change of the uranyl microprecipitates was negligible during the long-term equilibration, indicating that uranyl speciation was not changed by dissolution. A kinetic model that incorporated mineral dissolution kinetics and grain-scale, fracture-matrix diffusion was developed to describe uranium release rate from the sediment. Model calculations indicated that 50–95% of the precipitated uranium was associated with fractures that were in close contact with the aqueous phase. The remainder of the uranium was deeply imbedded in particle interiors and exhibited effective diffusivities that were over three orders of magnitude lower than those in the fractures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - RADIOACTIVE waste sites
KW  - HANFORD Site (Wash.)
KW  - WASHINGTON (State)
N1  - Accession Number: 19274421; Liu, Chongxuan 1; Email Address: Chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Zachara, John M. 1 Qafoku, Odeta 1 McKinley, James P. 1 Heald, Steve M. 1,2 Wang, Zheming 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: PNC-CAT Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 68 Issue 22, p4519; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE waste sites; Subject Term: HANFORD Site (Wash.); Subject Term: WASHINGTON (State); NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2004.04.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maher, Katharine
AU  - DePaolo, Donald J.
AU  - Lin, Jo Chiu-Fang
T1  - Rates of silicate dissolution in deep-sea sediment: In situ measurement using 234U/238U of pore fluids
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 68
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 4629
EP  - 4648
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Abstract: Bulk dissolution rates for sediment from ODP Site 984A in the North Atlantic are determined using the 234U/238U activity ratios of pore water, bulk sediment, and leachates. Site 984A is one of only several sites where closely spaced pore water samples were obtained from the upper 60 meters of the core; the sedimentation rate is high (11–15 cm/ka), hence the sediments in the upper 60 meters are less than 500 ka old. The sediment is clayey silt and composed mostly of detritus derived from Iceland with a significant component of biogenic carbonate (up to 30%). The pore water 234U/238U activity ratios are higher than seawater values, in the range of 1.2 to 1.6, while the bulk sediment 234U/238U activity ratios are close to 1.0. The 234U/238U of the pore water reflects a balance between the mineral dissolution rate and the supply rate of excess 234U to the pore fluid by α-recoil injection of 234Th. The fraction of 238U decays that result in α-recoil injection of 234U to pore fluid is estimated to be 0.10 to 0.20 based on the 234U/238U of insoluble residue fractions. The calculated bulk dissolution rates, in units of g/g/yr are in the range of 4 × 10−7 to 2 × 10−6 yr−1. There is significant down-hole variability in pore water 234U/238U activity ratios (and hence dissolution rates) on a scale of ca. 10 m. The inferred bulk dissolution rate constants are 100 to 104 times slower than laboratory-determined rates, 100 times faster than rates inferred for older sediments based on Sr isotopes, and similar to weathering rates determined for terrestrial soils of similar age. The results of this study suggest that U isotopes can be used to measure in situ dissolution rates in fine-grained clastic materials. The rate estimates for sediments from ODP Site 984 confirm the strong dependence of reactivity on the age of the solid material: the bulk dissolution rate (Rd) of soils and deep-sea sediments can be approximately described by the expression Rd ≈ 0.1 Age−1 for ages spanning 1000 to 5 × 108 yr. The age of the material, which encompasses the grain size, surface area, and other chemical factors that contribute to the rate of dissolution, appears to be a much stronger determinant of dissolution rate than any single physical or chemical property of the system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Sediments (Geology)
KW  - Silicates
KW  - Nuclides
KW  - North Atlantic Ocean
N1  - Accession Number: 19274428; Maher, Katharine 1; Email Address: katem@eps.berkeley.edu; DePaolo, Donald J. 1,2; Lin, Jo Chiu-Fang 1; Affiliations: 1: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, USA; 2: Earth Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Issue Info: Nov2004, Vol. 68 Issue 22, p4629; Thesaurus Term: Sediments (Geology); Subject Term: Silicates; Subject Term: Nuclides; Subject: North Atlantic Ocean; Number of Pages: 20p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2004.04.024
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Geoffrey J.T.
AU  - Abbas, Hamera
AU  - Kögerler, Paul
AU  - De-Liang Long
AU  - Cronin, Leroy
T1  - Pentadecadentate Chelating Ligands as Building Blocks for a {Fe6} Cage with 12 Exo-Coordinated Sodium Cations.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 43
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7266
EP  - 7268
SN  - 00201669
AB  - Complexation of the highly branched, pentadecadentate chelating ligand cis, cis-1,3,5-cyclohexanetriamine-N,N,N',N',N",N"-hexaacetic acid (H6L) with iron(III) and sodium cations in the presence of carbonate anions leads to the formation of an [Fe6L2  cluster comprising an [Fe6] cage linked by 12 exo-coordinated sodium cations to form an extended 3D array. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - AMINES
KW  - ACETIC acid
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IRON
N1  - Accession Number: 15262361; Cooper, Geoffrey J.T. 1 Abbas, Hamera 1 Kögerler, Paul 2 De-Liang Long 1 Cronin, Leroy 1; Email Address: L.Cronin@chem.gla.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K.  2: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 23, p7266; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: AMINES; Subject Term: ACETIC acid; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IRON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic049068w
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barvosa-Carter, William
AU  - Aziz, Michael J.
AU  - Phan, A.-V.
AU  - Kaplan, T.
AU  - Gray, L.J.
T1  - Interfacial roughening during solid phase epitaxy: Interaction of dopant, stress, and anisotropy effects.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5462
EP  - 5468
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The effects of externally applied stress and rate-enhancing dopants on interfacial roughness during the solid phase epitaxial growth of ion-implantation-doped Si are investigated using cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and time-resolved reflectivity. We find long-wavelength roughness in the absence of an applied stress that arises solely from the dopant-gradient. With the addition of a compressive stress, the interface roughens further with an enhanced magnitude and a dramatically reduced wavelength. We discuss the experimental results in the context of a simulation that includes our current understanding of stress, dopant-gradient, and interface anisotropy effects. We find a rich interplay between these effects in determining growth morphology evolution, and demonstrate the successes and current limitations of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14965064; Barvosa-Carter, William 1; Email Address: wbc@hrl.com Aziz, Michael J. 1; Email Address: maziz@harvard.edu Phan, A.-V. 2 Kaplan, T. 3 Gray, L.J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688-0002  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 10, p5462; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790580
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Millett, J.C.F.
AU  - Bourne, N.K.
AU  - Gray III, G.T.
T1  - The equation of state of a fluorinated tripolymer.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5500
EP  - 5504
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The Hugoniot of the fluorinated tripolymer Viton B has been quantified in terms of shock stress, shock velocity, and particle velocity. The shock velocity—particle velocity curve was found to be linear, thus suggesting no changes in phase occurred in the experimental stress range investigated. Comparisons of the calculated hydrodynamic pressures and measured stresses also showed close agreement, with only small differences apparent at the highest stresses. It is believed that this shows Viton B has a low shock-induced shear strength that only becomes significant at high impact stresses. Comparison of the Hugoniots of Viton B, polytetrafluroethylene, and polyvinylidene difluoride shows that the former is slightly steeper. The authors suggest that this is due to the -CF3 side group having a strengthening effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - FLUORINATION
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 14965058; Millett, J.C.F. 1; Email Address: j.c.f.millett@cranfield.ac.uk Bourne, N.K. 1 Gray III, G.T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Royal Military College of Science, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, Swindon, SN6 8LA, United Kingdom  2: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 10, p5500; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: FLUORINATION; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805193
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hayes, D.B.
AU  - Hall, C.A.
AU  - Asay, J.R.
AU  - Knudson, M.D.
T1  - Measurement of the compression isentrope for 6061-T6 aluminum to 185 GPa and 46% volumetric strain using pulsed magnetic loading.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5520
EP  - 5527
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The Z accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories was used to measure the compression isentrope of 6061-T6 aluminum to 185 GPa. The isentropic compression experimental technique uses a rapidly increasing, planar magnetic field to simultaneously subject multiple planar aluminum samples of different thicknesses to a ramped magnetic stress load. This magnetic stress load causes a ramped compression wave to propagate in the aluminum. Motion histories at the rear surface of each aluminum sample are measured through a LiF window using laser velocity interferometry. Backward and forward integration of the one-dimensional equations of motion are used to analyze the data. Imposing the requirement that each motion history comes from the same magnetic stress load is sufficient to determine both the stress load and the stress-strain behavior of the aluminum. Because of shocks that grow in the LiF, the usual VISAR interferometer analysis was modified. The measured compression curve obtained on different aluminum samples for volumetric strains to 46% agrees to within about 2% of peak stress with an isentrope obtained from the often-used Mie-Grüneisen equation of state that was derived from previous Hugoniot data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - EQUATIONS of motion
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14965055; Hayes, D.B. 1 Hall, C.A. 1 Asay, J.R. 1 Knudson, M.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1181; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 10, p5520; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of motion; Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1803108
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saraf, Laxmikant
AU  - Shutthanandan, V.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Thevuthasan, S.
AU  - Wang, C.M.
AU  - El-Azab, Anter
AU  - Baer, Donald R.
T1  - Distinguishibility of oxygen desorption from the surface region with mobility dominant effects in nanocrystalline ceria films.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5756
EP  - 5760
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We present an investigation of oxygen (18O) uptake measurements in 1 μm thick nanocrystalline ceria films grown on single crystal Al2O3(0001) by nuclear reaction analysis (NRA). Oxygen uptake measurements were carried out in the temperature range of 200–600°C at a background 18O pressure of 4.0×10-6 Torr. Average grain size in the as-grown films, synthesized by sol-gel process was ∼3 nm confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction measurements. From the diffusion depth profiles, changes in intensity and slopes in surface and interface regions indicate complex oxygen mobility effects. Oxygen desorption is clearly distinguishable in the film surface region as a result of shift in the oxygen concentration maxima. It is argued that high defect density in nanocrystalline ceria which is associated with nanograin surface combined with intermediate temperature reducing environment triggers multiple processes such as molecular and ionic diffusion, adsorption, desorption, and isotope exchange interactions. The promising nature of NRA is realized as an effective tool to acquire the depth-dependent information from complex reactions existing in nanocrystalline environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CERIUM oxide crystals
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14965016; Saraf, Laxmikant 1; Email Address: Laxmikant.Saraf@pnl.gov Shutthanandan, V. 1 Zhang, Y. 1 Thevuthasan, S. 1 Wang, C.M. 1 El-Azab, Anter 2 Baer, Donald R. 2; Affiliation:  1: WR Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 10, p5756; Subject Term: CERIUM oxide crystals; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1803605
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hau-Riege, Christine S.
AU  - Hau-Riege, Stefan P.
AU  - Marathe, Amit P.
T1  - The effect of interlevel dielectric on the critical tensile stress to void nucleation for the reliability of Cu interconnects.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 5792
EP  - 5796
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have conducted electromigration experiments and modeling on Cu Damascene structures surrounded by different interlevel dielectric ILD and Cu-cap materials. We have determined the mechanical properties of the surrounding ILD and Cu cap to play a key role in the critical stress change to void nucleation (Δσcrit), which is one of the critical parameters in determining electromigration lifetime or any other void-limited lifetime. Specifically, we found that Δσcrit decreases as the Young’s modulus of the interlevel dielectric decreases, which is the case with low-k materials. In order to compensate for the lower threshold to void nucleation in low-k materials, a stronger emphasis needs to be placed on the quality or adhesion of the Cu/cap interface, which is currently the preferred site for void nucleation, so that interconnects fabricated in low-k materials continue to meet the ever-increasing electromigration reliability requirements. Finally, the methodology developed in this study, which is based on experiment and modeling, can be used to determine Δσcrit, and therefore the critical jL product, for any combination of ILD and Cu-cap materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRODIFFUSION
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - COPPER
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 14965009; Hau-Riege, Christine S. 1 Hau-Riege, Stefan P. 2 Marathe, Amit P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Micro Devices, 1 AMD Place, M/S: 143, Sunnyvale, California 94086  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 10, p5792; Subject Term: ELECTRODIFFUSION; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1787139
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, Haichun
AU  - Wang, Yue
AU  - Liu, Xueduan
AU  - Yan, Tingfen
AU  - Wu, Liyou
AU  - Aim, Eric
AU  - Arkin, Adam
AU  - Thompson, Dorothea K.
AU  - Zhou, Jizhong
T1  - Global Transcriptome Analysis of the Heat Shock Response of Shewanella oneidensis.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 186
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 7796
EP  - 7803
SN  - 00219193
AB  - Shewanella oneidensis is an important model organism for bioremediation studies because of its diverse respiratory capabilities. However, the genetic basis and regulatory mechanisms underlying the ability of S. oneidensis to survive and adapt to various environmentally relevant stresses is poorly understood. To define this organism's molecular response to elevated growth temperatures, temporal gene expression profiles were examined in cells subjected to heat stress by using whole-genome DNA microarrays for S. oneidensis. Approximately 15% (n = 711) of the total predicted S. oneidensis genes (n = 4,648) represented on the microarray were significantly up- or downregulated (P < 0.05) over a 25-min period after shift to the heat shock temperature. As expected, the majority of the genes that showed homology to known chaperones and heat shock proteins in other organisms were highly induced. In addition, a number of predicted genes, including those encoding enzymes in glycolysis and the pentose cycle, serine proteases, transcriptional regulators (MerR, LysR, and TetR families), histidine kinases, and hypothetical proteins were induced. Genes encoding membrane proteins were differentially expressed, suggesting that cells possibly alter their membrane composition or structure in response to variations in growth temperature. A substantial number of the genes encoding ribosomal proteins displayed downregulated coexpression patterns in response to heat stress, as did genes encoding prophage and flagellar proteins. Finally, a putative regulatory site with high conservation to the Escherichia coli σ32-binding consensus sequence was identified upstream of a number of heat-inducible genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENES
KW  - GENETIC regulation
KW  - HEAT shock proteins
KW  - SHEWANELLA
KW  - PROTEOLYTIC enzymes
KW  - BACTERIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 15273031; Gao, Haichun 1 Wang, Yue 2 Liu, Xueduan 1 Yan, Tingfen 1 Wu, Liyou 1 Aim, Eric 2 Arkin, Adam 2 Thompson, Dorothea K. 1 Zhou, Jizhong 1; Email Address: zhouj@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Departments of Bioengineering and Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 186 Issue 22, p7796; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: GENETIC regulation; Subject Term: HEAT shock proteins; Subject Term: SHEWANELLA; Subject Term: PROTEOLYTIC enzymes; Subject Term: BACTERIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JB.186.22.7796-7803.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Subotnik, Joseph E.
AU  - Shao, Yihan
AU  - WanZhen Liang
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - An efficient method for calculating maxima of homogeneous functions of orthogonal matrices: Applications to localized occupied orbitals.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 19
M3  - Article
SP  - 9220
EP  - 9229
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present here three new algorithms (one purely iterative and two DIIS-like [Direct Inversion in the Iteractive Subspace]) to compute maxima of homogeneous functions of orthogonal matrices. These algorithms revolve around the mathematical lemma that, given an invertible matrix A, the function f(U)=Tr(AU) has exactly one local (and global) maximum for U special orthogonal [i.e., UUT=1 and det(U)=1]. This is proved in the Appendix. One application of these algorithms is the computation of localized orbitals, including, for example, Boys and Edmiston-Ruedenberg (ER) orbitals. The Boys orbitals are defined as the set of orthonormal orbitals which, for a given vector space of orbitals, maximize the sum of the distances between orbital centers. The ER orbitals maximize total self-interaction energy. The algorithm presented here computes Boys orbitals roughly as fast as the traditional method (Jacobi sweeps), while, for large systems, it finds ER orbitals potentially much more quickly than traditional Jacobi sweeps. In fact, the required time for convergence of our algorithm scales quadratically in the region of a few hundred basis functions (though cubicly asymptotically), while Jacobi sweeps for the ER orbitals traditionally scale as the number of occupied orbitals to the fifth power. As an example of the utility of the method, we provide below the ER orbitals of nitrated and nitrosated benzene, and we discuss the chemical implications. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
KW  - MAXIMA & minima
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 14945596; Subotnik, Joseph E. 1,2 Shao, Yihan 1,2 WanZhen Liang 3 Head-Gordon, Martin 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California.  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Laboratory of Bond Selective Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China.; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 19, p9220; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Subject Term: MAXIMA & minima; Subject Term: BENZENE; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1790971
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rothenberger, Kurt S.
AU  - Cugini, Anthony V.
AU  - Howard, Bret H.
AU  - Killmeyer, Richard P.
AU  - Ciocco, Michael V.
AU  - Morreale, Bryan D.
AU  - Enick, Robert M.
AU  - Bustamante, Felipe
AU  - Mardilovich, Ivan P.
AU  - Ma, Yi H.
T1  - High pressure hydrogen permeance of porous stainless steel coated with a thin palladium film via electroless plating
JO  - Journal of Membrane Science
JF  - Journal of Membrane Science
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 244
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 68
SN  - 03767388
AB  - The high-pressure (100–2800kPa) hydrogen permeance of two membranes, each composed of a thin palladium film (∼22μm) deposited on the oxidized surface of a porous stainless steel tubular substrate (0.2μm grade support) has been determined over the 623–723K temperature range. The hydrogen flux was proportional to the H2 partial pressure in the retentate raised to an exponent of ∼0.55 for one membrane and ∼0.64 for the other, indicating that the transport of hydrogen through the composite membrane was primarily limited by bulk diffusion. Overall, the hydrogen permeance of these membranes was within a wide range of values previously reported with thin film palladium membranes of comparable thickness. The first membrane exhibited no detectable helium flux at hydrogen partial pressures less than 350kPa for a retentate stream composed of 90% hydrogen and 10% helium. H2/He selectivity decreased to values as low as 12, however, at total transmembrane pressure differentials as great as 2800kPa. As the membranes were heated from 623 to 723K under pressures of up to 2800kPa, the permeance of each membrane remained invariant at values of ∼1.5 × 10-4 and ∼2.9 × 10-4mol/(m2sPa0.5), then decreased by ∼35% when the membrane was cooled back to 623K, indicating some degradation of the membranes under the high-pressure testing conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that extremes in the palladium film thickness ranged from about 10–50μm with palladium “fingers” extending into the pore structure anchoring the palladium layer to the support. Although surface characterization could not pinpoint the source of the degradation, intermetallic diffusion could not be ruled out in spite of the presence of the oxide layer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Membrane Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH pressure chemistry
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - PALLADIUM
KW  - Composite membranes
KW  - Gas separations
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Membrane preparation and structure
KW  - Permeability testing
N1  - Accession Number: 14871303; Rothenberger, Kurt S.; Email Address: kurt.rothenberger@netl.doe.gov Cugini, Anthony V. 1 Howard, Bret H. 1 Killmeyer, Richard P. 1 Ciocco, Michael V. 2 Morreale, Bryan D. 2 Enick, Robert M. 3 Bustamante, Felipe 3 Mardilovich, Ivan P. 4 Ma, Yi H. 4; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), US Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA  2: NETL Support Contractor, Parsons, P.O. Box 618, South Park, PA 15129, USA  3: NETL Research Associate, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA  4: Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 244 Issue 1/2, p55; Subject Term: HIGH pressure chemistry; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: PALLADIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Composite membranes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gas separations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Membrane preparation and structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Permeability testing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yang
AU  - X.
AU  - Waters
AU  - T.
AU  - Wang
AU  - X.-B.
AU  - O'Hair
AU  - R. A. J.
AU  - Wedd
AU  - A. G.
AU  - Li
AU  - J.
AU  - Dixon
AU  - D. A.
AU  - L.-S.
T1  - Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Free Polyoxoanions Mo6O192- and W6O192- in the Gas Phase.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 10089
EP  - 10093
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Two doubly charged polyoxoanions, Mo6O192- and W6O192-, were observed in the gas phase using electrospray ionization. Their electronic structures were investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations with relativistic effective core potentials. Each dianion was found to be highly stable despite the presence of strong intramolecular Coulomb repulsion, estimated to be about 2 eV for each system. The valence detachment features were all shown to originate from electronic excitations involving oxygen lone-pair type orbitals. Their observed energies were in excellent agreement with the theoretical vertical detachment energies calculated using time-dependent density functional theory. Despite being multiply charged, polyoxometalate oxide clusters can be studied in the gas phase, providing the opportunity for detailed benchmark theoretical studies on the electronic structures of these important transition-metal oxide systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - DENSITY functionals
N1  - Accession Number: 16426971; Yang X. 1 Waters T. 1 Wang X.-B. 1 O'Hair R. A. J. 1 Wedd A. G. 1 Li J. 1 Dixon D. A. 1 L.-S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 46, p10089; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dutoi
AU  - A. D.
AU  - Jung
AU  - Y.
AU  - Head-Gordon
AU  - M.
T1  - An Orbital-Based Definition of Radical and Multiradical Character.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 10270
EP  - 10279
SN  - 10895639
AB  - A definition for radical and general m-fold multiradical character of molecular systems is formulated. The orbitals in which lone or odd electrons most often reside are identified; these orbitals are found by maximizing their probability of (m-fold simultaneous) single occupancy over orbital rotations. The maximum such probability functions as a scalar measure of (multi)radical character. The method is general and applicable to wavefunctions of any form. The radical character, as defined here, obeys strict bounds of zero and unity and has a well-defined meaning. The method has been implemented generally, and it has been tested on simple radical, diradical (biradical), and triradical systems. The results agree with chemical experience for these cases, and in the diradical case, we show that it agrees qualitatively with earlier proposed characterization schemes. Specific implementation for monoradical character requires only two-particle density matrix information, and furthermore, a promising approximation for the diradical analogue can be constructed from quantities that we call the first and second monoradical characters and orbitals. An algebraic connection can be made to a reinterpretation of the widely discussed distribution of total odd electrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC orbitals
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
N1  - Accession Number: 16426992; Dutoi A. D. 1 Jung Y. 1 Head-Gordon M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 46, p10270; Subject Term: ATOMIC orbitals; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rice
AU  - B. M.
AU  - Sorescu
AU  - D. C.
T1  - Assessing a Generalized CHNO Intermolecular Potential through ab Initio Crystal Structure Prediction.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 17730
EP  - 17739
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We have analyzed a previously proposed [J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 798] Buckingham repulsion-dispersion intermolecular potential originally developed for the nitramine explosive RDX using ab initio crystal prediction methods. A total of 174 crystals whose molecules contain functional groups common to CHNO energetic materials were subjected to this methodology. This database includes acyclic and cyclic nitramines, nitrate esters, nitroaromatics, and nitroaliphatic systems. The results of these investigations have shown that for 148 of the 174 systems studied the predicted crystal structures matched the experimental configurations; 75% of these corresponded to the global energy minimum on the potential energy surface. Root-mean-square percent differences between the predicted and the experimental values for the cell edge lengths and densities are about 2 and 4%, respectively. Root-mean-square deviations of rigid body rotational and translational displacements are 2° and 0.07 Å, respectively. Additionally, these same statistics are applicable to the nitramine, nitroaliphatic, nitroaromatic, and nitrate ester classes, suggesting that this interaction potential is transferable across these classes of compounds. The success rate in predicting crystals with structural parameters and space group symmetries in agreement with experiment indicates that this method and interaction potential are suitable for use in crystal predictions of similar CHNO systems when the molecular configuration is known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16427141; Rice B. M. 1 Sorescu D. C. 1; Affiliation:  1: The U. S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, and U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 46, p17730; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stamenkovic
AU  - V.
AU  - Arenz
AU  - M.
AU  - Ross
AU  - P. N.
AU  - Markovic
AU  - N. M.
T1  - Temperature-Induced Deposition Method for Anchoring Metallic Nanoparticles onto Reflective Substrates for in Situ Electrochemical Infrared Spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 17915
EP  - 17920
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A new temperature-induced deposition method for anchoring metallic nanoparticles onto smooth/refelective polycrystalline Au (Au-poly) and classy carbon (GC) substrates has been developed for in situ infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). Characteristic vibrational spectra for CO adsorbed on anchored nanoparticles of Pt/C, Pt3Sn/C, Pt3Mo/C, and Pt2Ru3/C are presented. When Au is used as a substrate, CO adsorbed on Au can interfere with bands for CO adsorbed on nanoparticles. By contrast, if GC is used as a substrate, CO adsorbed on nanoparticles are as expected from corresponding spectra obtained from Pt and Pt-bimetallic electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - INFRARED spectroscopy
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 16427167; Stamenkovic V. 1 Arenz M. 1 Ross P. N. 1 Markovic N. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 46, p17915; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: INFRARED spectroscopy; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Brady, M.P.
AU  - More, K.L.
AU  - Meyer, H.M.
AU  - Turner, John A.
T1  - Thermally nitrided stainless steels for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell bipolar plates: Part 2: Beneficial modification of passive layer on AISI446
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 138
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 79
EP  - 85
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Abstract: Thermal nitridation of AISI446 mod-1 superferritic stainless steel for 24h at 1100°C resulted in an adherent, inward growing surface layer based on (Cr, Fe)2N1-x (x = 0–0.5). The layer was not continuous, and although it resulted in low interfacial contact resistance (ICR) and good corrosion resistance under simulated polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathodic conditions; poor corrosion resistance was observed under simulated anodic conditions. Nitridation for 2h at 1100°C resulted in little nitrogen uptake and a tinted surface. Analysis by SEM, XPS, and AES suggested a complex heterogeneous modification of the native passive oxide film by nitrogen rather than the desired microns-thick exclusive Cr-rich nitride layer. Surprisingly, this modification resulted in both good corrosion resistance under simulated cathodic and anodic conditions and low ICR, well over an order of magnitude lower than the untreated alloy. Further, little increase in ICR was observed under passivating polarization conditions. The potential of this phenomenon for PEMFC bipolar plates is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - STEEL alloys
KW  - CORROSION resistant alloys
KW  - Bipolar plate
KW  - Ferrite
KW  - Nitridation
KW  - PEMFC
KW  - Stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 19275135; Wang, H. 1 Brady, M.P. 2 More, K.L. 2 Meyer, H.M. 2 Turner, John A. 1; Email Address: john_turner@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 138 Issue 1/2, p79; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: STEEL alloys; Subject Term: CORROSION resistant alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bipolar plate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferrite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nitridation; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEMFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.064
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Brady, M.P.
AU  - Teeter, G.
AU  - Turner, J.A.
T1  - Thermally nitrided stainless steels for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell bipolar plates: Part 1: Model Ni–50Cr and austenitic 349™ alloys
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 138
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 93
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Abstract: Thermal nitridation of a model Ni–50Cr alloy at 1100°C for 2h in pure nitrogen resulted in the formation of a continuous, protective CrN/Cr2N surface layer with a low interfacial contact resistance. Application of similar nitridation parameters to an austenitic stainless steel, 349™, however, resulted in a discontinuous mixture of discrete CrN, Cr2N and (Cr,Fe)2N1-x (x = 0–0.5) phase surface particles overlying an exposed γ austenite-based matrix, rather than a continuous nitride surface layer. The interfacial contact resistance of the 349™ was reduced significantly by the nitridation treatment. However, in the simulated PEMFC environments (1M H2SO4 + 2ppm F- solutions at 70°C sparged with either hydrogen or air), very high corrosion currents were observed under both anodic and cathodic conditions. This poor behavior was linked to the lack of continuity of the Cr-rich nitride surface formed on 349™. Issues regarding achieving continuous, protective Cr-nitride surface layers on stainless steel alloys are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - AUSTENITIC stainless steel
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - Bipolar plate
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Ni-based alloy
KW  - PEMFC
KW  - Stainless steel
KW  - Thermal nitridation
N1  - Accession Number: 19275136; Wang, H. 1 Brady, M.P. 2 Teeter, G. 1 Turner, J.A. 1; Email Address: john_turner@nrel.gov; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6115, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 138 Issue 1/2, p86; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: AUSTENITIC stainless steel; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bipolar plate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Corrosion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ni-based alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEMFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal nitridation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.067
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morris, R. Scott
AU  - Dixon, Brian G.
AU  - Gennett, Thomas
AU  - Raffaelle, Ryne
AU  - Heben, Michael J.
T1  - High-energy, rechargeable Li-ion battery based on carbon nanotube technology
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 138
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 280
SN  - 03787753
AB  - In the near future, the portable power market will demand greater specific energy and power from lithium battery technology. These requirements cannot be met by conventional batteries or through extrapolation of the capabilities of conventional systems. New materials and systems must be developed to meet these stringent future requirements.Nanomaterials offer a new exciting alternative to the standard materials traditionally used for fabrication of batteries. The work described herein, deals with a novel approach to the use of nanomaterials in the electrodes of lithium-ion batteries. We have synthesized and chemically modified carbon nanotubes and subsequently tested these modified nanotubes as electrodes in small lithium batteries. This paper describes electrochemical characterization of the novel electrodes as well as determination of the specific energy of simple one-cell batteries containing these novel electrodes. We have been able to demonstrate a laboratory cell with a specific exceeding 600 Wh/kg and pulse power exceeding 3 kW/kg. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STORAGE batteries
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - ELECTRODES
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Lithium battery
KW  - Nanotube
N1  - Accession Number: 19275160; Morris, R. Scott 1 Dixon, Brian G. 1; Email Address: bdixon@phoenixinnov.com Gennett, Thomas 2 Raffaelle, Ryne 2 Heben, Michael J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Phoenix Innovation Inc., 20 Patterson Brook Road, Wareham, MA 02576, USA  2: NanoPower Research Laboratory, Rochester Institute of Technology, 85 Lomb Memorial Dr., Rochester, NY 14623, USA  3: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 8041, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 138 Issue 1/2, p277; Subject Term: STORAGE batteries; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: ELECTRODES; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanotube; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335910 Battery manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Singh, Pritpal
AU  - Guidotti, Ronald A.
AU  - c, David
T1  - ac impedance measurements of molten salt thermal batteries
JO  - Journal of Power Sources
JF  - Journal of Power Sources
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 138
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 323
EP  - 326
SN  - 03787753
AB  - Abstract: Non-destructive testing of thermal batteries without activating them is a challenging proposition. Molten salt thermal batteries are activated by raising their temperature to above the melting point of the salt constituting the electrolyte. One approach that we have considered is to raise the temperature of the molten salt electrolyte to a temperature below the melting point so that the battery does not get activated yet may provide sufficient mobility of the ionic species to be able to obtain some useful ac impedance measurements. This hypothesis was put to the test for two Li(Si)/FeS2 molten salt batteries with two electrolytes of different melting points—a standard LiCl–KCl eutectic that melts at 352°C and a LiBr–KBr–LiCl eutectic with a melting point of 319°C. ac impedance measurements as a function of frequency and temperature below the melting point are presented for single cells and batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONDESTRUCTIVE testing
KW  - FUSED salt electrolysis
KW  - THERMAL batteries
KW  - EUTECTICS
KW  - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
KW  - Li-based molten salt batteries
KW  - Thermal batteries
N1  - Accession Number: 19275169; Singh, Pritpal 1; Email Address: singh@ece.vill.edu Guidotti, Ronald A. 2 c, David; Email Address: dreisner@usnanocorp.com; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 8500, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0614, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 138 Issue 1/2, p323; Subject Term: NONDESTRUCTIVE testing; Subject Term: FUSED salt electrolysis; Subject Term: THERMAL batteries; Subject Term: EUTECTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Li-based molten salt batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermal batteries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Turner, D. D.
AU  - Tobin, D. C.
AU  - Clough, S. A.
AU  - Brown, P. D.
AU  - Ellingson, R. G.
AU  - Mlawer, E. J.
AU  - Knuteson, R. O.
AU  - Revercomb, H. E.
AU  - Shippert, T. R.
AU  - Smith, W. L.
AU  - Shephard, M. W.
T1  - The QME AERI LBLRTM: A Closure Experiment for Downwelling High Spectral Resolution Infrared Radiance.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 61
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 2657
EP  - 2675
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - Research funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program has led to significant improvements in longwave radiative transfer modeling over the last decade. These improvements, which have generally come in small incremental changes, were made primarily in the water vapor self- and foreign-broadened continuum and the water vapor absorption line parameters. These changes, when taken as a whole, result in up to a 6 W m-2 improvement in the modeled clear-sky downwelling longwave radiative flux at the surface and significantly better agreement with spectral observations. This paper provides an overview of the history of ARM with regard to clear-sky longwave radiative transfer, and analyzes remaining related uncertainties in the ARM state-of-the-art Line-by-Line Radiative Transfer Model (LBLRTM). A quality measurement experiment (QME) for the downwelling infrared radiance at the ARM Southern Great Plains site has been ongoing since 1994. This experiment has three objectives: 1) to validate and improve the absorption models and spectral line parameters used in line-by-line radiative transfer models, 2) to assess the ability to define the atmospheric state, and 3) to assess the quality of the radiance observations that serve as ground truth for the model. Analysis of data from 1994 to 1997 made significant contributions to optimizing the QME, but is limited by small but significant uncertainties and deficiencies in the atmospheric state and radiance observations. This paper concentrates on the analysis of QME data from 1998 to 2001, wherein the data have been carefully selected to address the uncertainties in the 1994–97 dataset. Analysis of this newer dataset suggests that the representation of self-broadened water vapor continuum absorption is 3%–8% too strong in the 750–1000 cm-1 region. The dataset also provides information on the accuracy of the self- and foreign-broadened continuum absorption in the 1100–1300 cm-1 region. After accounting for these changes, remaining differences in modeled and observed downwelling clear-sky fluxes are less than 1.5 W m-2 over a wide range of atmospheric states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFRARED radiation
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC radiation
KW  - RADIATIVE transfer
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC water vapor
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - UNITED States. Dept. of Energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15206351; Turner, D. D. 1; Email Address: dave.turner@pnl.gov Tobin, D. C. 2 Clough, S. A. 3 Brown, P. D. 3 Ellingson, R. G. 4 Mlawer, E. J. 3 Knuteson, R. O. 2 Revercomb, H. E. 2 Shippert, T. R. 1 Smith, W. L. 5 Shephard, M. W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin  3: Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts  4: Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida  5: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia; Source Info: 11/15/2004, Vol. 61 Issue 22, p2657; Subject Term: INFRARED radiation; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC radiation; Subject Term: RADIATIVE transfer; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC water vapor; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Hanbing
AU  - Jian, Xiaogang
AU  - Meek, Thomas T.
AU  - Han, Qingyou
T1  - Degassing of molten aluminum A356 alloy using ultrasonic vibration
JO  - Materials Letters
JF  - Materials Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 58
IS  - 29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3669
EP  - 3673
SN  - 0167577X
AB  - Abstract: This article addresses ultrasonic degassing in aluminum A356 alloy. An experimental setup has been built for the degassing of aluminum using ultrasonic vibration at a frequency of 20 kHz and vibration intensities up to 1500 W. Ultrasonic degassing has been tested in different volumes of aluminum melt for various processing temperatures and durations. The efficiency of degassing is evaluated by a density measurement for reduced pressure samples. Experimental results indicate that a steady-state hydrogen concentration can be obtained within a few minutes of ultrasonic vibration, regardless of the initial hydrogen concentration in the melt. The dynamics of hydrogen evolution as a function of processing time, melt temperature, and initial hydrogen concentration have been investigated. The mechanism of ultrasonic degassing is discussed. It is suggested that ultrasonic vibration can be used to reduce porosity formation in aluminum alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - Aluminum alloy
KW  - Degassing
KW  - Porosity formation
KW  - Ultrasonic vibration
N1  - Accession Number: 17487118; Xu, Hanbing 1; Email Address: hxu3@utk.edu Jian, Xiaogang 1 Meek, Thomas T. 1 Han, Qingyou 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences and Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, 434 Dougherty Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6083, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 58 Issue 29, p3669; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: POROSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Degassing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Porosity formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ultrasonic vibration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matlet.2004.02.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Mattos, Silvia Fernández
AU  - Essafi, Abdelkader
AU  - Soeiro, Inês
AU  - Pietersen, Alexandra M.
AU  - Birkenkamp, Kim U.
AU  - Edwards, Corinne S.
AU  - Martino, Anthony
AU  - Nelson, Brad H.
AU  - Francis, Julia M.
AU  - Jones, Marius C.
AU  - Brosens, Jan J.
AU  - Coffer, Paul J.
AU  - Lam, Eric W.-F.
T1  - FoxO3a and BCR-ABL Regulate cyclin D2 Transcription through a STAT5/BCL6-Dependent Mechanism.
JO  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
JF  - Molecular & Cellular Biology
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 24
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 10058
EP  - 10071
SN  - 02707306
AB  - Cell cycle arrest by FoxO transcription factors involves transcriptional repression of cyclin D, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used the BCR-ABL-expressing cell line BV173 as a model system to investigate the mechanisms whereby FoxO3a regulates cyclin D2 expression. Inhibition of BCR-ABL by STI571 results in down-regulation of cyclin D2 expression, activation of FoxO3a activity, and up-regulation of BCL6 expression. Using reporter gene assays, we demonstrate that STI571, FoxO3a, and BCL6 can repress cyclin D2 transcription through a STAT5/BCL6 site located within the cyclin D2 promoter. We propose that BCR-ABL inhibition leads to FoxO3a activation, which in turn induces the expression of BCL6, culminating in the repression of cyclin D2 transcription through this STAT5/BCL6 site. This process was verified by mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses. We find that conditional activation of FoxO3a leads to accumulation of BCL6 and down-regulation of cyclin D2 at protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, silencing of FoxO3a and BCL6 in BCR-ABL-expressing cells abolishes STI571-mediated effects on cyclin D2. This report establishes the signaling events whereby BCR-ABL signals are relayed to cyclin D2 to mediate cell cycle progression and defines a potential mechanism by which FoxO proteins regulate cyclin D2 expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular & Cellular Biology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLINS
KW  - GROWTH factors
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - CYTOLOGY
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
N1  - Accession Number: 15115986; de Mattos, Silvia Fernández 1 Essafi, Abdelkader 1 Soeiro, Inês 1 Pietersen, Alexandra M. 2 Birkenkamp, Kim U. 2 Edwards, Corinne S. 1 Martino, Anthony 3,4 Nelson, Brad H. 3 Francis, Julia M. 5 Jones, Marius C. 5 Brosens, Jan J. 5 Coffer, Paul J. 2 Lam, Eric W.-F. 1; Email Address: eric.lam@imperial.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Cancer Research-UK Laboratories, Department of Cancer Medicine, Imperial College London  2: Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands  3: British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada  4: Biosystems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551  5: Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College School of Medicine; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 24 Issue 22, p10058; Subject Term: CYCLINS; Subject Term: GROWTH factors; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: CYTOLOGY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/MCB.24.22.10058-10071.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bürvenich, T.J.
AU  - Madland, D.G.
AU  - Reinhard, P.-G.
T1  - Adjustment studies in self-consistent relativistic mean-field models
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 744
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 92
EP  - 107
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Abstract: We investigate the influence of the adjustment procedure and the set of measured observables on the properties and predictive power of relativistic self-consistent mean-field models for the nuclear ground state. These studies are performed with the point-coupling variant of the relativistic mean-field model. We recommend optimal adjustment algorithms for the general two-part problem and we identify various trends and dependencies as well as deficiencies of current models. Consequences for model improvements are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ALGEBRA
KW  - Adjustment
KW  - Contact interactions
KW  - Finite nuclei
KW  - Fitting
KW  - Nuclear matter
KW  - Relativistic mean-field model
N1  - Accession Number: 17487078; Bürvenich, T.J. 1; Email Address: tbuerven@lanl.gov Madland, D.G. 1 Reinhard, P.-G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 744 Issue 1-4, p92; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ALGEBRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adjustment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Contact interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite nuclei; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: Relativistic mean-field model; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.08.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xu, Xiao-Ming
AU  - Sun, Ying
AU  - Chen, An-Qian
AU  - Zheng, Li
T1  - Triple-gluon scatterings and early thermalization
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 744
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 377
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Abstract: Triple-gluon scattering processes in gluon matter initially created in Au–Au collisions at RHIC energies become important. The three-gluon scatterings are calculated in perturbative QCD and give rise to a new term in a transport equation for gluon distribution. A numerical solution of the transport equation demonstrates gluon momentum isotropy achieved at a time of the order of 0.65 fm/c and can thus be fitted to a thermal distribution with fugacity of 0.065 and temperature of 0.75 GeV. Triple-gluon scatterings lead to a short thermalization time of gluon matter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - THERMAL neutrons
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - Thermalization
KW  - Transport equation
KW  - Triple-gluon scatterings
N1  - Accession Number: 17487092; Xu, Xiao-Ming 1,2,3; Email Address: xmxucao@sh.cnuninet.net Sun, Ying 4 Chen, An-Qian 4 Zheng, Li 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Baoshan, 200436 Shanghai, China  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6373, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6373, USA  3: Nuclear Physics Division, Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 800204, 201800 Shanghai, China  4: Department of Communication, Shanghai University, Baoshan, 200436 Shanghai, China; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 744 Issue 1-4, p347; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: THERMAL neutrons; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thermalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transport equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Triple-gluon scatterings; Number of Pages: 31p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.08.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gaillard, Mary K.
AU  - Giedt, Joel
AU  - Mints, Aleksey L.
T1  - Modular invariant gaugino condensation in the presence of an anomalous
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 700
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 205
EP  - 270
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Abstract: Starting from the previously constructed effective supergravity theory below the scale of breaking in orbifold compactifications of the weakly coupled heterotic string, we study the effective theory below the scale of supersymmetry breaking by gaugino and matter condensation in a hidden sector. Questions we address include vacuum stability and the masses of the various moduli fields, including those associated with flat directions at the breaking scale, and of their fermionic superpartners. The issue of soft supersymmetry-breaking masses in the observable sector presents a particularly serious challenge for this class of models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERGRAVITY
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 19278010; Gaillard, Mary K. 1; Email Address: mkgaillard@lbl.gov Giedt, Joel 2; Email Address: giedt@physics.utoronto.ca Mints, Aleksey L. 3; Email Address: mints@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California and Theoretical Physics Group, Bldg. 50A5104, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 Saint George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A7 Canada  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 700 Issue 1-3, p205; Subject Term: SUPERGRAVITY; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 66p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.08.042
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevenson, Kristen
AU  - Bromhal, Grant S.
AU  - Ferer, Martin
AU  - Wilder, Joseph
AU  - Smith, Duane H.
T1  - Miscible, vertical network model 2-D simulations of two-phase flow displacements in porous media
JO  - Physica A
JF  - Physica A
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 343
M3  - Article
SP  - 317
EP  - 334
SN  - 03784371
AB  - A pore-level network model was used to study miscible, vertical, two-phase fluid displacements. Gravitationally unstable and stable flow configurations were explored with the Darcy–Rayleigh number <f>(G)</f> for a number of viscosity ratios <f>(M)</f>. Simulations were compared with experimental results for corresponding values of <f>G</f> and <f>M</f> using interfacial width and breakthrough saturation as comparison criteria. Good agreement between the model and experimental results was observed. For gravitationally stable flows, a critical value of <f>G</f>, <f>Gc≈-0.02</f>, was obtained from simulation results compared to an experimental value of <f>Gc≈-0.017</f> found in the current literature. The transition from gravitationally stable to unstable flow was shown by decreased interfacial stability resulting in dramatically higher values of interfacial width (simulation) and dispersivity (experimental). Breakthrough saturations for gravitationally stable experimental flow configurations differed only a small amount from simulation results when considering the large length-to-width ratios of the experimental cores used for comparison. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - Buoyancy driven instability
KW  - Miscible drainage
KW  - Pore-level modeling
KW  - Viscosity ratio
N1  - Accession Number: 14710582; Stevenson, Kristen 1,2 Bromhal, Grant S. 1 Ferer, Martin 1,3; Email Address: MFerer@wvu.edu Wilder, Joseph 1,4 Smith, Duane H. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA  2: Department of Statistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA  3: Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA  4: Department of Mathematics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 343, p317; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buoyancy driven instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Miscible drainage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pore-level modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Viscosity ratio; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physa.2004.05.075
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Claus, H.
AU  - Uprety, K.K.
AU  - Ma, B.
AU  - Paulikas, A.P.
AU  - Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K.
AU  - Welp, U.
AU  - Veal, B.W.
AU  - Gray, K.E.
T1  - Reversible oxidation and critical current of YBa2Cu3Ox coated conductors
JO  - Physica C
JF  - Physica C
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 416
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
SN  - 09214534
AB  - We were able to vary the oxygen concentration of a YBCO coated-conductor sample from the under-doped to the over-doped regime. This was achieved by secondary oxygenation treatments at temperatures between 250°C and 500°C employing a novel oxygenation scheme. The YBCO-coated conductor was fabricated by the inclined substrate deposition method. Superconducting transition temperature and critical current as function of temperature and magnetic field were determined by a contact-free magnetization technique on a ring sample. It is observed that for temperatures at and below 77K, the maximum critical current is obtained in the most over-doped state where the transition temperature is significantly depressed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica C is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - ELECTRIC conductors
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
N1  - Accession Number: 14872049; Claus, H.; Email Address: claus@anl.gov Uprety, K.K. 1 Ma, B. 1 Paulikas, A.P. 2 Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K. 2 Welp, U. 2 Veal, B.W. 2 Gray, K.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, MSD 223, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 416 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductors; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physc.2004.08.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomson, Robb
AU  - Koslowski, M.
AU  - LeSar, R.
T1  - A noise induced transition in the deformation of metals
JO  - Physics Letters A
JF  - Physics Letters A
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 332
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 207
EP  - 212
SN  - 03759601
AB  - We introduce a simple stochastic model that describes the dynamics of the recovery of dislocations in dislocation cell walls in stage III deformation in fcc metals. The stage II/III transition is identified as a break between walls with well-defined populations and those with power law distributions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOISE
KW  - METALS
KW  - STOCHASTIC processes
KW  - ESTIMATION theory
N1  - Accession Number: 14871982; Thomson, Robb 1 Koslowski, M. 1 LeSar, R.; Email Address: lesar@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 332 Issue 3/4, p207; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: STOCHASTIC processes; Subject Term: ESTIMATION theory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.09.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ouyang, Jianyong
AU  - Xu, Qianfei
AU  - Chu, Chi-Wei
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Li, Gang
AU  - Shinar, Joseph
T1  - On the mechanism of conductivity enhancement in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) film through solvent treatment
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 45
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 8443
EP  - 8450
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Abstract: The conductivity of a poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film is enhanced by more than 100-folds on adding some organic compounds into PEDOT:PSS aqueous solutions or by treating the PEDOT:PSS film with organic solvents, such as ethylene glycol (EG), 2-nitroethanol, methyl sulfoxide or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. The mechanism for this conductivity enhancement was studied through various chemical and physical characterizations. The PEDOT:PSS film which is soluble in water becomes insoluble after treatment with EG. This strongly suggests an increased interchain interaction among the PEDOT chains. Raman spectroscopy indicates that this increased interchain interaction results from conformational changes of the PEDOT chains, which change from a coil to linear or expanded-coil structure. The increased interchain interaction and conformation changes are further confirmed by the temperature dependence of conductivity and the electron spin resonance (ESR). It is found that EG treatment lowers the energy barrier for charge hopping among the PEDOT chains, lowers the polaron concentration in the PEDOT:PSS film by ∼50%, and increases the electrochemical activity of the PEDOT:PSS film in NaCl aqueous solution by ∼100%. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurements show that the surface morphology of the PEDOT:PSS film changes as well after the EG treatment. Conductivity enhancement was also observed when other organic compounds were used, but it was strongly dependent on the chemical structure of the organic compounds, and observed only with organic compound with two or more polar groups. These experimental results support our proposal that the conductivity enhancement is due to the conformational change of the PEDOT chains and the driving force is the interaction between the dipoles of the organic compound and dipoles or charges on the PEDOT chains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYETHYLENE
KW  - THIOPHENES
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - ETHYLENE glycol
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - Conductivity
KW  - PEDOT:PSS
KW  - Solvent
N1  - Accession Number: 15807643; Ouyang, Jianyong 1; Email Address: ouyangj@ucla.edu Xu, Qianfei 1 Chu, Chi-Wei 1 Yang, Yang 1; Email Address: yangy@ucla.edu Li, Gang 2 Shinar, Joseph 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA  2: Ames Laboratory—USDOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 45 Issue 25, p8443; Subject Term: POLYETHYLENE; Subject Term: THIOPHENES; Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: ETHYLENE glycol; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conductivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: PEDOT:PSS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solvent; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Y.M.
AU  - Cheng, S.
AU  - Wei, Q.M.
AU  - Ma, E.
AU  - Nieh, T.G.
AU  - Hamza, A.
T1  - Effects of annealing and impurities on tensile properties of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/11/15/
VL  - 51
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 1023
EP  - 1028
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The strength of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni increased rather than decreased after annealing for 1 h at temperatures below 150°C, with little change in the grain sizes or detectable impurity segregation. Annealing at 200°C can be utilized to tailor the grain size distribution for improved ductility in combination with good strength. Further annealing at above 250°C, however, induced a transition to brittle behavior due to impurity segregation to grain boundaries concurrent with grain growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANNEALING of metals
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - METALS -- Mechanical properties
KW  - GRAIN
KW  - Annealing
KW  - Grain growth
KW  - Impurity
KW  - Mechanical property
KW  - Nanocrystalline Ni
N1  - Accession Number: 14709433; Wang, Y.M.; Email Address: ymwang@llnl.gov Cheng, S. 1 Wei, Q.M. 2 Ma, E. 1 Nieh, T.G. 3 Hamza, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 51 Issue 11, p1023; Subject Term: ANNEALING of metals; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: METALS -- Mechanical properties; Subject Term: GRAIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Annealing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Impurity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical property; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline Ni; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115110 Support activities for crop production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning); NAICS/Industry Codes: 311211 Flour Milling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311214 Rice milling and malt manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 312120 Breweries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111190 Other grain farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111191 Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 411120 Oilseed and grain merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.08.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14709433&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holzscheiter, Michael H.
AU  - Charlton, Michael
AU  - Nieto, Michael Martin
T1  - The route to ultra-low energy antihydrogen
JO  - Physics Reports
JF  - Physics Reports
Y1  - 2004/11/16/
VL  - 402
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 101
SN  - 03701573
AB  - Abstract: We begin by discussing the concept and field of antimatter and how quantum mechanics and relativity led to its discovery. We describe how neutral antimatter, in the form of antihydrogen, is a natural test bed for tests of CPT and the weak equivalence principle. We go on to describe how cold antihydrogen can be formed by creating, trapping, cooling, and combining antiprotons and positrons at a facility such as the antiproton decelerator at CERN. We finish by describing the recent success in producing low-energy antihydrogen and how future developments are geared toward achieving the above tests and beyond. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Reports is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - GENERAL relativity (Physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - Antihydrogen
KW  - Antimatter technology
KW  - Antiprotons
KW  - CPT
KW  - Gravity
KW  - Positrons
N1  - Accession Number: 17108952; Holzscheiter, Michael H. 1; Email Address: michael.holzscheiter@cern.ch Charlton, Michael 2; Email Address: m.charlton@swansea.ac.uk Nieto, Michael Martin 3; Email Address: mmn@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Pbar Labs, LLC, 1601 Dove Street, Suite 170, Newport Beach, CA 92660, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK  3: Theoretical Division (MS-B285), Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 402 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: GENERAL relativity (Physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Antihydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antimatter technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Antiprotons; Author-Supplied Keyword: CPT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gravity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Positrons; Number of Pages: 101p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physrep.2004.08.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, Suwon
AU  - Chin, Koei
AU  - Gray, Joe W.
AU  - Michael Bishop, J.
T1  - A screen for genes that suppress loss of contact inhibition: Identification of ING4 as a candidate tumor suppressor gene in human cancer.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/11/16/
VL  - 101
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 16251
EP  - 16256
SN  - 00278424
AB  - We have devised a screen for genes that suppress the loss of contact inhibition elicited by overexpression of the protooncogene MYCN. The initial application of this screen detected nine distinctive suppressors within a representative human cDNA library. One of these genes was ING4, a potential tumor suppressor gene that maps to human chromosome 12p13. Ectopic expression of ING4 suppressed the loss of contact inhibition elicited by either MYCN or MYC but had no direct effect on cellular proliferation. Pursuing the possibility that ING4 might be a tumor suppressor gene, we found inactivating mutations in ING4 transcripts from various human cancer cell lines. In addition, we used comparative genomic hybridization to detect deletion of the ING4 locus in 10-20% of human breast cancer cell lines and primary breast tumors. Ectopic expression of ING4 attenuated the growth of T47D human breast cancer cells in soft agar. We conclude that ING4 is a strong candidate as a tumor suppressor gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELLULAR control mechanisms
KW  - TUMORS
KW  - ANTIONCOGENES
KW  - CANCER cells
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - CELL division (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 15555845; Kim, Suwon 1; Email Address: suwon@jtsa.ucsf.edu. Chin, Koei 2 Gray, Joe W. 3 Michael Bishop, J. 4; Affiliation:  1: The G. W. Hooper Research Foundation  2: Department of Microbiology and Immunology,  3: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143; and  4: Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 11/16/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 46, p16251; Subject Term: CELLULAR control mechanisms; Subject Term: TUMORS; Subject Term: ANTIONCOGENES; Subject Term: CANCER cells; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: CELL division (Biology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grzanka, E.
AU  - Stel’makh, S.
AU  - Gierlotka, S.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - Palosz, B.
AU  - Palosz, W.
T1  - Examination of the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) of SiC nanocrystals by in-situ high pressure diffraction
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/11/17/
VL  - 382
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 137
SN  - 09258388
AB  - X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments were performed on nanocrystalline SiC with the average grain diameters of 7, 12, and 16 nm subjected to isostatic pressure. Under pressure the interatomic distances undergo a complex, non-monotonic changes which were correlated with the compression of the SiC lattice determined from the Bragg scattering. The results indicate the presence of non-uniform distribution of stresses between the interior and surface shell of the nanograins. The present results lend a strong support to the concept of a core-shell model of nanocrystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - UNIFORM distribution (Probability theory)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - Diffraction
KW  - High pressure
KW  - Nanocrystals
KW  - Silicon carbide
N1  - Accession Number: 14872731; Grzanka, E. 1,2; Email Address: elesk@unipress.waw.pl Stel’makh, S. 1 Gierlotka, S. 1 Zhao, Y. 3 Palosz, B. 1 Palosz, W. 4; Affiliation:  1: High Pressure Research Center UNIPRESS, ul. Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland  2: Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoza 69, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: BAE SYSTEMS /NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 382 Issue 1/2, p133; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: UNIFORM distribution (Probability theory); Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: High pressure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon carbide; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.04.142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Camarero, Julio A.
AU  - Kwon, Youngeun
AU  - Coleman, Matthew A.
T1  - Chemoselective Attachment of Biologically Active Proteins to Surfaces by Expressed Protein Ligation and Its Application for "Protein Chip" Fabrication.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/17/
VL  - 126
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 14730
EP  - 14731
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article focuses on experimental techniques in biology and biophysics. Many experimental techniques in biology and biophysics, and applications in diagnosis and drug discovery, utilize proteins immobilized on solid substrates. The use of arrays of proteins attached to solid supports is receiving increasing attention as a tool for exploring the function and potential relationships of all the proteins encoded in the genome. Most of the available methods for generating protein arrays rely on nonspecific adsorption of proteins or on the reaction of chemical groups within proteins with surfaces containing reactive groups.
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - LIFE sciences
KW  - MEDICAL sciences
KW  - PROGNOSIS
KW  - SYMPTOMS
KW  - GENOMES
N1  - Accession Number: 15261203; Camarero, Julio A. 1; Email Address: camarerol@IInI.gov Kwon, Youngeun 1 Coleman, Matthew A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Biology and Nuclear Sciences Division and Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 11/17/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 45, p14730; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: LIFE sciences; Subject Term: MEDICAL sciences; Subject Term: PROGNOSIS; Subject Term: SYMPTOMS; Subject Term: GENOMES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja0456611
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krumper, Jennifer R.
AU  - Martin, Richard L.
AU  - Hay, P. Jeffrey
AU  - Yung, Cathleen M.
AU  - Veitheer, John
AU  - Bergman, Robert G.
T1  - Synthesis and Reactivity of the Hydrido- and Alkyirhenium Methylidene Complexes Cp*(PMe3)2(R)Re=CH2 (R = H, CH3).
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/17/
VL  - 126
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 14804
EP  - 14815
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Protonolysis of the dimethylrhenium(III) compound Cp*(PMe3)2Re(CH3)2 (3) led to formation of the highly reactive hydridorhenium methylidene compound [Cp*(PMe3)2Re(CH3)(H)][OTf] (4), which was characterized spectroscopically at low temperature. Although 4 decomposed above -30 °C, reactivity studies performed at low temperature indicated it was in equilibrium with the coordinatively unsaturated methylrhenium complex [Cp*(PMe3)2Re(CH3)][OTf] (2). Methylidene complex 4 was found to react with PMe3 to afford [Cp*(PMe3)3Re(CH3)][OTf] (6) and with chloride anion to give Cp*(PMe3)2Re(Me)Cl (7). When BArf anion was added to 4, the thermally stable methylrhenium methylidene complex [Cp*(PMe3)2e Re(CH2)(CH3)][BArf] (8) was isolated upon warming to room temperature. The mechanisms of formation of both 4 and 8 are discussed in detail, including DFT calculations. The novel carbonyl ligated complex Cp*- (CO)2Re(CH3)OTf (12) was prepared, isolated, and found to not undergo migration reactions to form methylidene complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CARBYNES
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - LINE geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 15261217; Krumper, Jennifer R. 1,2 Martin, Richard L. 3 Hay, P. Jeffrey 2 Yung, Cathleen M. 1,3 Veitheer, John 3 Bergman, Robert G. 1; Email Address: bergman@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California,  2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94702  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop B268, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 11/17/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 45, p14804; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CARBYNES; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: LINE geometry; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja0468877
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horvath, Joshua D.
AU  - Koritnik, Anjanette
AU  - Kamakoti, Preeti
AU  - Sholl, David S.
AU  - Gellman, Andrew J.
T1  - Enantioselective Separation on a Naturally Chiral Surface.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/17/
VL  - 126
IS  - 45
M3  - Article
SP  - 14988
EP  - 14994
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Kinked-stepped, high Miller index surfaces of metal crystals are chiral and, therefore, exhibit enantiospecific properties. Previous temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) spectra have shown that the desorption energies of R-3-methylcyclohexanone (R-3-MCHO) on the chiral Cu(643)R and Cu(643)S surfaces are enantiospecific (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 2384). Here, a comparison of the TPD spectra from Cu(111), Cu(221), Cu(533), Cu(653)R&S, and Cu(643)R&S surfaces reveals that the enantiospecific desorption occurs from the chiral kink sites on the Cu(643) surfaces. Titration of the chiral kink sites with I atoms confirms this assignment of desorption features in the TPD spectra. Finally, the enantiospecific difference in the desorption energies of R- and S-3-MCHO has been used as the basis for demonstration of an enantioselective, kinetic separation of racemic 3-MCHO into its purified components during adsorption and desorption on the Cu(643)R&S surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ELECTRONIC circuit design
KW  - VOLUMETRIC analysis
KW  - ADSORPTION
N1  - Accession Number: 15261239; Horvath, Joshua D. 1 Koritnik, Anjanette 1 Kamakoti, Preeti 1,2 Sholl, David S. 1,2 Gellman, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: gellman@cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213.  2: Department of National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236.; Source Info: 11/17/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 45, p14988; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC circuit design; Subject Term: VOLUMETRIC analysis; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja045537h
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hwang, Jungseek
AU  - Timusk, Thomas
AU  - Gu, Genda D.
T1  - Copper oxide superconductors: Sharp-mode coupling in high-Tc superconductors (reply).
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/11/18/
VL  - 432
IS  - 7015
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Hwang et al. reply - Our optical technique has the advantage of being a bulk probe, which is less subject to uncertainties in the doping level and in the quality of the surface than ARPES. It is also capable of higher energy resolution and the overall noise level is lower. The disadvantage is that it gives momentum-averaged properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOISE
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15090794; Hwang, Jungseek 1 Timusk, Thomas 2 Gu, Genda D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L9H 5M3, Canada  2: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: 11/18/2004, Vol. 432 Issue 7015, p1; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature03164
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoreo, James j. De
AU  - Dove, Patricia M.
T1  - Shaping Crystals with Biomolecules.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/11/19/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5700
M3  - Article
SP  - 1301
EP  - 1302
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - The article presents a report on shaping crystals with biomolecules. The shapes of crystals found in biomineral structures such as the skeletons of marine organisms differ dramatically from those of crystals grown in pure solution. The formation of these complex, often hierarchical structures is difficult to reconcile with the simple mechanistic model of crystal growth by step propagation across crystallographic faces. Two decades ago, researchers developed the stereochemical recognition model 2, 5, which holds that these shapes are stabilized through the binding of peptides and proteins to otherwise unstable faces, presumably because the stereochemical match to the crystal lattice lowers their surface energies.
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - MARINE organisms
KW  - AQUATIC organisms
N1  - Accession Number: 15211859; Yoreo, James j. De 1; Email Address: deyoreo1@llnl.gov Dove, Patricia M. 2; Email Address: dove@vt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.  2: Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.; Source Info: 11/19/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5700, p1301; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: MARINE organisms; Subject Term: AQUATIC organisms; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 1524
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Linden, Stefan
AU  - Enkrich, Christian
AU  - Wegener, Martin
AU  - Zhou, Jiangfeng
AU  - Koschny, Thomas
AU  - Soukoulis, Costas M.
T1  - Magnetic Response of Metamaterials at 100 Terahertz.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/11/19/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5700
M3  - Article
SP  - 1351
EP  - 1353
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - An array of single nonmagnetic metallic split rings can be used to implement a magnetic resonance, which arises from an inductor-capacitor circuit (LC) resonance, at 100-terahertz frequency. The excitation of the LC resonance in the normal-incidence geometry used in our experiments occurs through the coupling of the electric field of the incident light to the capacitance. The measured optical spectra of the nanofabricated gold structures come very close to the theoretical expectations. Additional numerical simulations show that our structures exhibit a frequency range with negative permeability for a beam configuration in which the magnetic field couples to the LC resonance. Together with an electric response that has negative permittivity, this can lead to materials with a negative index of refraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - ENERGY storage
KW  - ANALOG resonance
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - OPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15211875; Linden, Stefan 1 Enkrich, Christian 2 Wegener, Martin 1,2 Zhou, Jiangfeng 3 Koschny, Thomas 3,4 Soukoulis, Costas M. 3,4; Email Address: soukoulis@ameslab.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.  2: Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Karlsruhe (TH), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straβe 1, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.  3: Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.  4: Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.; Source Info: 11/19/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5700, p1351; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Subject Term: ANALOG resonance; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Black and White Photographs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 2578
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McCorquodale, Peter
AU  - Colella, Phillip
AU  - Grote, David P.
AU  - Vay, Jean-Luc
T1  - A node-centered local refinement algorithm for Poisson's equation in complex geometries
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/20/
VL  - 201
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 34
EP  - 60
SN  - 00219991
AB  - This paper presents a method for solving Poisson''s equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions on an irregular bounded three-dimensional region. The method uses a nodal-point discretization and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) on Cartesian grids, and the AMR multigrid solver of Almgren. The discrete Laplacian operator at internal boundaries comes from either linear or quadratic (Shortley–Weller) extrapolation, and the two methods are compared. It is shown that either way, solution error is second order in the mesh spacing. Error in the gradient of the solution is first order with linear extrapolation, but second order with Shortley–Weller. Examples are given with comparison with the exact solution. The method is also applied to a heavy-ion fusion accelerator problem, showing the advantage of adaptivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - POISSON'S equation
KW  - MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis)
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - Adaptive mesh refinement
KW  - Cartesian grid methods
KW  - Finite difference methods
KW  - Multigrid methods
KW  - Poisson equation
KW  - Shortley–Weller
N1  - Accession Number: 14869395; McCorquodale, Peter 1; Email Address: pwmccorquodale@lbl.gov Colella, Phillip 1 Grote, David P. 2 Vay, Jean-Luc 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 50A-1148, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 201 Issue 1, p34; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: POISSON'S equation; Subject Term: MULTIGRID methods (Numerical analysis); Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive mesh refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cartesian grid methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite difference methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multigrid methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Poisson equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shortley–Weller; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.04.022
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwarz, R.B.
AU  - Shen, T.D.
AU  - Harms, U.
AU  - Lillo, T.
T1  - Soft ferromagnetism in amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/11/20/
VL  - 283
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 230
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Abstract: Soft magnetism is achieved both in rapidly quenched glassy ribbons and in nanocrystalline alloys prepared by the partial crystallization of glassy ribbons. The use of these materials in power transformers and other energy-conversion devices has, however, been limited by their small thickness. In this paper, we discuss soft ferromagnetism both in bulk amorphous metallic alloys prepared by flux melting and water quenching and in nanocrystalline alloys prepared by mechanical alloying. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - METALS
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - Amorphous
KW  - Ferromagnetism
KW  - Nanocrystalline
N1  - Accession Number: 19278901; Schwarz, R.B. 1; Email Address: rxzs@lanl.gov Shen, T.D. 1 Harms, U. 1 Lillo, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST Division, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Idaho National Environmental and Engineering Laboratory, Materials Division, MS 2218, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 283 Issue 2/3, p223; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Amorphous; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.05.026
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qi, Xiaoding
AU  - Dho, Joonghoe
AU  - Blamire, Mark
AU  - Jia, Quanxi
AU  - Lee, Jang-Sik
AU  - Foltyn, Steve
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, Judith L.
T1  - Epitaxial growth of BiFeO3 thin films by LPE and sol–gel methods
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/11/20/
VL  - 283
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
EP  - 421
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Abstract: Epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films have been grown on the (001) SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) and sol–gel methods. The films had an in-plane texture of 2° and out-plane texture of 0.6° and showed a 4-fold symmetry about the -axis, indicating a distortion of the bulk rhombohedral cell to a tetragonal or cubic structure. The LPE films were both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic. The sol–gel films showed a small linear increase of the magnetisation with the applied magnetic field, indicating they possibly had the same antiferromagnetic behaviour as the bulk crystal. The LPE films exhibited a large leakage current, which probably originated from a relatively high level of Fe2+ in the films induced by the high growth temperature. Fe2+ might also account for the origin of the ferromagnetism in LPE films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - BiFeO3
KW  - Ferroelectricity
KW  - Ferromagnetism
KW  - LPE
KW  - Sol–gel
N1  - Accession Number: 19278930; Qi, Xiaoding 1; Email Address: xq204@cam.ac.uk Dho, Joonghoe 1 Blamire, Mark 1 Jia, Quanxi 2 Lee, Jang-Sik 2 Foltyn, Steve 2 MacManus-Driscoll, Judith L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Superconductivity Technology Center, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 283 Issue 2/3, p415; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: BiFeO3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectricity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferromagnetism; Author-Supplied Keyword: LPE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.06.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vukmirovic, M.B.
AU  - Sabatini, R.L.
AU  - Adzic, R.R.
T1  - Growth of RuO2 by electrochemical and gas-phase oxidation of an Ru(0001) surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/11/20/
VL  - 572
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 276
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Rectangular monolayer stripes of RuO2(110) obtained in a simple gas-phase oxidation of an Ru(0001) surface in argon (Ar) containing 115ppm of O2 were compared with the electrochemical oxidation of an Ru(0001) surface in sulfuric acid at high positive potentials. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) showed that the electrochemical oxidation of the Ru(0001) surface starts at step edges, and proceeds through the formation of randomly distributed RuO2 islands. The nucleation process is instantaneous, as verified by potential step experiments. The oxidation of Ru(0001) in a mixture of O2 (115ppm) and Ar produces a layer of ordered RuO2(110) oxide in the form of rectangular stripes of monolayer height. The growth of these stripes, globally initiated at the step’s edges, is unidirectional, forming a 60° angle to the steps’ direction. The entirely different morphologies of RuO2 grown in electrochemical- and gas-phase oxidation environments probably reflect the difference in the reaction temperature of two processes. In the latter, the elevated temperatures (600–800K) appear to confer mobility on the reaction species that facilitates ordering of the oxide layer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - SULFURIC acid
KW  - ARGON
KW  - Electrochemical methods
KW  - Growth
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Ruthenium
KW  - Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - Single crystal surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 14959820; Vukmirovic, M.B.; Email Address: miomir@bnl.gov Sabatini, R.L. 1 Adzic, R.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 572 Issue 2/3, p269; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: SULFURIC acid; Subject Term: ARGON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electrochemical methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ruthenium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal surfaces; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jacobsohn, L.G.
AU  - Schulze, R.K.
AU  - Maia da Costa, M.E.H.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of boron carbide films deposited by sputtering
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/11/20/
VL  - 572
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 418
EP  - 424
SN  - 00396028
AB  - The interpretation of the surface chemical states of amorphous boron carbide films as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is investigated in this work. Films were deposited by dc-magnetron sputtering and characterized by XPS employing sputter-cleaning and angle-resolved detection. Our results indicate that the intrinsic chemical states of boron carbide occur at ∼282.8 and ∼188.6.eV in the C1s and B1s lines, respectively, and that all other observed states are related to contamination due to exposure to ambient conditions. Structural modifications known to occur due to post-deposition annealing could not be observed by XPS, pointing to limitations of this technique. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - BORON
KW  - Boron
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Sputter deposition
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14959837; Jacobsohn, L.G.; Email Address: lgjacob@lanl.gov Schulze, R.K. 1 Maia da Costa, M.E.H. 2 Nastasi, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MST-8 G755, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Departamento de Fisica, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22453-970, Brazil; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 572 Issue 2/3, p418; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: BORON; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sputter deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.020
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abou Hamad, I.
AU  - Rikvold, P.A.
AU  - Brown, G.
T1  - Determination of the basic timescale in kinetic Monte Carlo simulations by comparison with cyclic-voltammetry experiments
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/11/20/
VL  - 572
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - L355
EP  - L361
SN  - 00396028
AB  - While kinetic Monte Carlo simulations can provide long-time simulations of the dynamics of physical and chemical systems, it is not yet possible in general to identify the inverse Monte Carlo attempt frequency with a physical timescale in any but the simplest systems. Here we demonstrate such an identification by comparing simulations with experimental data. Using a dynamic lattice-gas model for the electrosorption of Br on Ag(100), we measure the scan-rate dependence of the separation between positive- and negative-going peaks in cyclic voltammetry and compare simulated and experimental peak separations. By adjusting the Monte Carlo attempt frequency, good agreement between simulated and experimental peak separations is achieved. It is also found that the uniqueness of the determination depends on the relative values of the adsorption/desorption and diffusion free-energy barriers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL systems
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Adsorption kinetics
KW  - Bromine
KW  - Low index single crystal surfaces
KW  - Monte Carlo simulations
KW  - Non-equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics
KW  - Silver
KW  - Solid–liquid interfaces
KW  - Surface diffusion
N1  - Accession Number: 14959807; Abou Hamad, I.; Email Address: hamad@csit.fsu.edu Rikvold, P.A.; Email Address: rikvold@csit.fsu.edu Brown, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6164, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 572 Issue 2/3, pL355; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL systems; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bromine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low index single crystal surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte Carlo simulations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non-equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–liquid interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface diffusion; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.026
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chaudhuri, Doyel
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Electronic structure and spectra of plutonyl complexes and their hydrated forms: PuO2CO3 and PuO2CO3·nH2O (n=1,2)
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 399
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 67
EP  - 72
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Abstract: We have studied the electronic and spectroscopic properties of plutonyl carbonate complexes of the types PuO2CO3 and the hydrated forms, PuO2CO3·nH2O (n=1,2) using density functional, Møller–Plesset second order perturbation, and coupled cluster techniques. Our computed equilibrium geometries and vibrational spectra of these species agree quite well with the EXAFS and Raman data available on related complexes. We have obtained the electron density plots and molecular orbital plots. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15426731; Chaudhuri, Doyel 1 Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Data Analysis and Visualization, University of California, PO Box 808, L-268 Davis, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 399 Issue 1-3, p67; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.141
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glans, Per-Anders
AU  - Learmonth, Timothy
AU  - McGuinness, Cormac
AU  - Smith, Kevin E.
AU  - Guo, Jinghua
AU  - Walsh, Aron
AU  - Watson, Graeme W.
AU  - Egdell, Russell G.
T1  - On the involvement of the shallow core 5d level in the bonding in HgO
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 399
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
EP  - 101
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Abstract: Oxygen K shell X-ray emission spectroscopy has been used to demonstrate the covalent involvement of shallow core 5d electrons in the bonding in HgO. The extent of core hybridisation with the O-2p levels is much more pronounced in HgO than in ZnO or CdO and shows an inverse correlation with the atomic binding energy of the shallow core state. Band structure calculations confirm the importance of mixing between Hg-5d and O-2p states in HgO. However, the assumption that direct intra-atomic mixing between Hg-6s and Hg-5d orbitals determines the linear stereochemistry in HgO is shown to be incorrect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - EMISSION spectroscopy
KW  - CATHODE rays
N1  - Accession Number: 15426737; Glans, Per-Anders 1 Learmonth, Timothy 1 McGuinness, Cormac 1 Smith, Kevin E. 1 Guo, Jinghua 2 Walsh, Aron 3 Watson, Graeme W. 3 Egdell, Russell G. 4; Email Address: russ.egdell@chem.ox.ac.uk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA  2: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Chemistry, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland  4: Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 399 Issue 1-3, p98; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: EMISSION spectroscopy; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.145
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, Gregory H.J.
AU  - Martin, Rachel W.
AU  - Sakellariou, Dimitris
AU  - Pines, Alexander
AU  - Shahkhatuni, Aleksan G.
AU  - Shahkhatuni, Astghik A.
AU  - Panosyan, Henry A.
T1  - Variable angle spinning (VAS) NMR study of solvent effects in liquid crystalline solutions of 13C–iodomethane
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 399
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 196
EP  - 199
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Abstract: NMR spectra of 13C–iodomethane oriented in three different liquid crystalline solvents have been collected and analyzed under spinning at various angles with respect to the static magnetic field. For each sample the ratio of homonuclear (1H–1H) to heteronuclear (13C–1H) dipolar couplings, which is a function of the geometry of the solute molecule, does not change significantly with the scaling of the dipolar couplings due to spinning at different angles. This result implies that the ‘apparent bond angle deviations’ (Δθa), previously calculated from thermotropic liquid crystals, arise from a solvent effect and are not an artifact from scaling the anisotropic interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - LIQUID crystals
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 15426756; Park, Gregory H.J. 1 Martin, Rachel W. 1 Sakellariou, Dimitris 1 Pines, Alexander 1; Email Address: pines@berkeley.edu Shahkhatuni, Aleksan G. 2 Shahkhatuni, Astghik A. 2 Panosyan, Henry A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, D64 Hildebrand Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA  2: Molecule Structure Research Center, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 399 Issue 1-3, p196; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: LIQUID crystals; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.10.009
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Edoardo  Aprà
AU  - Emily A.  Carter
AU  - Alessandro  Fortunelli
T1  - Separability between valence and conduction bands in transition metal clusters.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 100
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 287
SN  - 00207608
AB  - Simplified theories of transition metal electronic structure have been postulated for many decades. We test one such approximation, namely separate treatments of d (valence) and s/p (conduction) electrons in transition metal clusters, within a density functional theory (DFT) formalism. Two different basic approaches are considered: (a) an independent‐band approximation, in which the d‐ and s/p‐bands interact only via the ρ‐dependent components of the Kohn–Sham operator; and (b) a more realistic approximation, in which the lowest‐energy d‐ and s/p‐orbitals (separately derived) are allowed to interact through explicit off‐diagonal coupling matrix elements. The results are presented for the energy differences among three structural forms (icosahedral, cuboctahedral, and truncated decahedral) of 13‐atom Ni and Pt clusters. We demonstrate that an explicit decoupling of the d‐ and s/p‐bands does not produce accurate results for the clusters considered, not even for nickel, i.e., the transition metal for which d–s/p mixing should be at its minimum. By contrast, allowing the lowest‐energy orbitals of the two separate bands to interact improves the results considerably, and ensures a fair description of metal–metal bonding. This finding suggests that simplified models that exclude explicit d–s/p coupling should be employed with caution. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSITION metals
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - VALENCE fluctuations
N1  - Accession Number: 20436856; Edoardo  Aprà 1 Emily A.  Carter 2 Alessandro  Fortunelli 3; Affiliation:  1: Theory, Modeling and Simulation, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richmond, Washington 99352  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951569, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569  3: Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (IPCF) del C.N.R., via V. Alfieri 1, 56010, Ghezzano (PI), Italy; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 100 Issue 3, p277; Subject Term: TRANSITION metals; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: VALENCE fluctuations; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ashton, C. E.
AU  - Page, M. J.
AU  - Blustin, A. J.
AU  - Puchnarewicz, E. M.
AU  - Branduardi-Raymont, G.
AU  - Mason, K. O.
AU  - Córdova, F. A.
AU  - Priedhorsky, W. C.
T1  - XMM–Newtonobservations of warm absorbers in PG quasars.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 355
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 73
EP  - 81
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - We presentXMM–NewtonEuropean Photon Imaging Camera observations of warm absorbers in the quasars PG 1114+445 and PG 1309+355, both of which exhibit evidence for absorption by warm material in the line of sight. We find the absorption in PG 1114+445 to be in two phases, a‘hot’ phase with a log ionization parameter,ξ, of 2.57, and a‘cooler’ phase with; an unresolved transition array (UTA) of M-shell iron is observed in the cooler phase. The absorption in this quasar is similar to that observed in the Seyfert 1 NGC 3783. The absorption in PG 1309+355 consists of a single phase, with. The absorbing gas lies at distances of 1018–1022 cm from the continuum radiation sources in these active galactic nuclei (AGN), which suggests that it could originate in a wind emanating from a molecular torus. We derive distances assuming that these X-ray warm absorbers have the same velocity as the ultraviolet warm absorbers observed in these quasars. The distances to the warm absorbers from the central continuum source scale approximately with the square root of the AGN ionizing luminosity, a result consistent with the warm absorber originating as a torus wind. The kinetic luminosities of these outflowing absorbers represent insignificant fractionsof the energy budgets of the AGN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUASARS
KW  - RADIO sources (Astronomy)
KW  - GASES -- Absorption & adsorption
KW  - PHOTOIONIZATION
KW  - GALACTIC X-ray sources
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET astronomy
KW  - SPACE astronomy
KW  - galaxies: active
KW  - quasars: absorption lines
KW  - quasars: individual: PG 1115+445
KW  - quasars: individual: PG 1309+355
KW  - techniques: spectroscopic
KW  - X-rays: galaxies
N1  - Accession Number: 15022512; Ashton, C. E. 1; Email Address: cea@mssl.ucl.ac.uk Page, M. J. 1 Blustin, A. J. 1 Puchnarewicz, E. M. 1 Branduardi-Raymont, G. 1 Mason, K. O. 1 Córdova, F. A. 2 Priedhorsky, W. C. 3; Affiliation:  1: Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 11/21/2004, Vol. 355 Issue 1, p73; Subject Term: QUASARS; Subject Term: RADIO sources (Astronomy); Subject Term: GASES -- Absorption & adsorption; Subject Term: PHOTOIONIZATION; Subject Term: GALACTIC X-ray sources; Subject Term: ULTRAVIOLET astronomy; Subject Term: SPACE astronomy; Author-Supplied Keyword: galaxies: active; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasars: absorption lines; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasars: individual: PG 1115+445; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasars: individual: PG 1309+355; Author-Supplied Keyword: techniques: spectroscopic; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-rays: galaxies; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08291.x
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seljak, Uroš
AU  - Warren, Michael S.
T1  - Large-scale bias and stochasticity of haloes and dark matter.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 355
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 129
EP  - 136
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - On large scales, galaxies and their haloes are usually assumed to trace the dark matter with a constant bias and dark matter is assumed to trace the linear density field. We test these assumption using several largeN-body simulations withparticles and box sizes of, which can both resolve the small galactic-size haloes and sample the large-scale fluctuations. We explore the average halo bias relation as a function of halo mass and show that existing fitting formulae overestimate the halo bias by up to 20 per cent in the regime just below the non-linear mass. We propose a new expression that fits our simulations well. We find that the halo bias is nearly constant,, for masses below one-tenth of the non-linear mass. We next explore the relation between the initial and final dark matter in individual Fourier modes and show that there are significant fluctuations in their ratio, ranging from 10 per cent rms atto 50 per cent rms at. We argue that these large fluctuations are caused by perturbative effects beyond the linear theory, which are dominated by long-wavelength modes with large random fluctuations. Similar or larger fluctuations exist between haloes and dark matter and between haloes of different mass. These fluctuations must be included in attempts to determine the relative bias of two populations from their maps, which would otherwise be immune to sampling variance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GALACTIC halos
KW  - DARK matter (Astronomy)
KW  - INTERSTELLAR matter
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - MASS (Physics)
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - cosmology: theory
KW  - dark matter
KW  - large-scale structure of Universe
N1  - Accession Number: 15022508; Seljak, Uroš 1; Email Address: useljak@princeton.edu Warren, Michael S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: Theoretical Astrophysics (T-6), Mail Stop B227, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 11/21/2004, Vol. 355 Issue 1, p129; Subject Term: GALACTIC halos; Subject Term: DARK matter (Astronomy); Subject Term: INTERSTELLAR matter; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: MASS (Physics); Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: cosmology: theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: dark matter; Author-Supplied Keyword: large-scale structure of Universe; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08297.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15022508&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Garzoglio, G.
AU  - Terekhov, I.
AU  - Baranovski, A.
AU  - Veseli, S.
AU  - Lueking, L.
AU  - Mhashilkar, P.
AU  - Murthi, V.
T1  - The SAM-Grid Fabric services
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 37
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: To enable globally distributed computing for a large HEP experiment, a collection of computing and data storage facilities, together called the Grid fabric, must be linked together in a coherent way. The standard Grid software, including most notably the Globus Gatekeeper and Meta Directory Service, provides core tools to insert a site into the Grid and for its low-level monitoring. In practice, large experiments have data and job handling infrastructures that are not governed by the core tools. For example, local job submission is seldom done directly to the batch system, but rather, through an interface that allows for pre-submission steps (such as the decomposition of a job into smaller chunks) or is tightly integrated with a data handling system such as SAM. Likewise, monitoring is seldom done in terms of individual processors or individual jobs, but rather, via cluster-wide aggregated characteristics. In this paper, we present some of the work we have done to abstract the management of the fabric facilities of the FNAL Run II experiments, in order to enable globally distributed computing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - COMPUTER network architectures
KW  - MICROPROCESSORS
KW  - Data handling
KW  - Fabric adaptation
KW  - Fabric management
KW  - Grid computing
KW  - Sandbox management
N1  - Accession Number: 19276623; Garzoglio, G.; Email Address: garzogli@fnal.gov Terekhov, I. 1 Baranovski, A. 1 Veseli, S. 1 Lueking, L. 1 Mhashilkar, P. 1 Murthi, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Computing Division, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 534 Issue 1/2, p33; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED computing; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: COMPUTER network architectures; Subject Term: MICROPROCESSORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data handling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fabric adaptation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fabric management; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sandbox management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.054
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19276623&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burgon-Lyon, M.
AU  - Stan Thompson, A.
AU  - Terekhov, Igor
AU  - Denis, Richard St.
AU  - Garzoglio, Gabriele
AU  - Stonjek, Stefan
AU  - Mhashilkar, Parag
AU  - Murthi, Vijay
T1  - Experience using grid tools for CDF physics
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 38
EP  - 41
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: We discuss our experience configuring the grid fabric at various Institutions participating in the Collider Detector at Fermilab experiment, and its use for Monte Carlo production, data reconstruction and secondary data set analysis using Sequential Access via Metadata and Job Information Management with Condor grid tools. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - METADATA
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 19276624; Burgon-Lyon, M. 1; Email Address: m.burgon-lyon@physics.gla.ac.uk Stan Thompson, A. 1 Terekhov, Igor 2 Denis, Richard St. 1 Garzoglio, Gabriele 2 Stonjek, Stefan 3 Mhashilkar, Parag 2 Murthi, Vijay 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 534 Issue 1/2, p38; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: METADATA; Subject Term: INFORMATION resources management; Subject Term: COLLIDERS (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19276624&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Y.
AU  - Graham, G.
AU  - Lu, X.
AU  - Afaq, A.
AU  - Kim, B.J.
AU  - Fisk, I.
T1  - Configuration monitoring tool for large-scale distributed computing
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 66
EP  - 69
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will likely use a grid system to achieve much of its offline processing need. Given the heterogeneous and dynamic nature of grid systems, it is desirable to have in place a configuration monitor. The configuration monitoring tool is built using the Globus toolkit and web services. It consists of an information provider for the Globus MDS, a relational database for keeping track of the current and old configurations, and client interfaces to query and administer the configuration system. The Grid Security Infrastructure (GSI), together with EDG Java Security packages, are used for secure authentication and transparent access to the configuration information across the CMS grid. This work has been prototyped and tested using US-CMS grid resources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - DISTRIBUTED computing
KW  - LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland)
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - CMS
KW  - Configuration monitor
KW  - Distributed computing
KW  - Globus MDS
KW  - Grid system
N1  - Accession Number: 19276643; Wu, Y. 1; Email Address: yujun@fnal.gov Graham, G. 1 Lu, X. 2 Afaq, A. 1 Kim, B.J. 3 Fisk, I. 1; Affiliation:  1: CD/CMS, MS 234, Fermilab, PO BOX 500, Batavia, IL 60504, USA  2: Department of Computer Science, The University of Iowa, 14 MacLean Hall, Iowa City,IA 52242, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118440, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 534 Issue 1/2, p66; Subject Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTED computing; Subject Term: LARGE Hadron Collider (France & Switzerland); Subject Term: DATABASES; Author-Supplied Keyword: CMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Configuration monitor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Distributed computing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Globus MDS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grid system; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19276643&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brun, R.
AU  - Fine, V.
AU  - Lauret, J.
AU  - Rademakers, F.
T1  - Cross-platform approach to create the interactive applications based on ROOT and Qt GUI libraries
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 94
EP  - 97
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: This paper presents the approach and an implementation of the Qt-based low-level graphical plug-in of the ROOT package. In spite of other existing implementations, this work uniquely allows to create applications which can seamlessly use the ROOT GUI classes as well as the Qt Widgets. The current code can be built from a single ROOT-base package and can be assembled for both Unix and Windows OS. No alteration of either user code or core ROOT code is required. An example application using this approach is also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - GRAPHICAL user interfaces (Computer systems)
KW  - PLUG-ins (Computer programs)
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - 07.05.Wr
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Graphics interface
KW  - GUI
KW  - Portability
KW  - Visualization
N1  - Accession Number: 19276649; Brun, R. 1 Fine, V. 2; Email Address: fine@bnl.gov Lauret, J. 2 Rademakers, F. 1; Affiliation:  1: CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 534 Issue 1/2, p94; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Subject Term: GRAPHICAL user interfaces (Computer systems); Subject Term: PLUG-ins (Computer programs); Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Wr; Author-Supplied Keyword: Data analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Graphics interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: GUI; Author-Supplied Keyword: Portability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visualization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.066
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19276649&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fine, V.
AU  - Khulikov, A.
AU  - Panebrattsev, M.
AU  - Kulikova, A.
T1  - Visualization of the ROOT 3D class objects with OpenInventor-like viewers
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
EP  - 100
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: The class library for conversion of the ROOT 3D class objects to the .iv format for 3D image viewers is described in this paper. At present the library was tested using the STAR and ATLAS detector geometry without any changes and revision for concrete detector. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - THREE-dimensional imaging
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 19276650; Fine, V. 1 Khulikov, A. 2; Email Address: shurik@sunhe.jinr.ru Panebrattsev, M. 2 Kulikova, A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000 Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Russian Federation  3: Department of Applied Physics, Moscow State Institute of Engineering Physics, Kashirskaja road 31, 115409 Moscow, Russian Federation; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 534 Issue 1/2, p98; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: THREE-dimensional imaging; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.067
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19276650&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nogiec, J.M.
AU  - Desavouret, E.
AU  - Kotelnikov, S.
AU  - Trombly-Freytag, K.
AU  - Walbridge, D.
T1  - Configuring systems from components: the EMS approach
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 101
EP  - 105
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: EMS is an exercise in component technology. It offers rapid development of specialized data acquisition, visualization and analysis systems via assembly from vertical and horizontal components. The EMS architecture allows for agile development of systems and promotes reuse of software. The framework supports a visual builder that shows connections between components and lists component properties. The system offers both off-line setup of properties and run-time modifications. Multi-bus architecture allows for independent routing of data, controls, debugs, and exceptions. The architecture, configuration process, and control of applications through scripting are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - COMPUTER systems
N1  - Accession Number: 19276651; Nogiec, J.M.; Email Address: nogiec@fnal.gov Desavouret, E. 1 Kotelnikov, S. 1 Trombly-Freytag, K. 1 Walbridge, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 534 Issue 1/2, p101; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.068
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19276651&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ratnikova, Natalia
AU  - Afaq, Anzar
AU  - Graham, Greg
AU  - Wildish, Tony
AU  - Lefebure, Veronique
T1  - Software packaging with DAR
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 534
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 110
EP  - 114
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: One of the important tasks in distributed computing is to deliver software applications to the computing resources. Distribution after Release (DAR) tool, is being used to package software applications for the world-wide event production by the CMS Collaboration. This presentation will focus on the concept of packaging applications based on the runtime environment. We discuss solutions for more effective software distribution based on two years experience with DAR. Finally, we will give an overview of the application distribution process and the interfaces to the CMS production tools. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER software industry
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - INDUSTRIAL engineering
KW  - PACKAGING
KW  - Automation
KW  - GRID
KW  - Packaging
KW  - Software distribution
KW  - Software environment
N1  - Accession Number: 19276653; Ratnikova, Natalia 1; Email Address: natasha@fnal.gov Afaq, Anzar 1 Graham, Greg 1 Wildish, Tony 2 Lefebure, Veronique 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, MS 234, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  2: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  3: CERN/HIP, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 534 Issue 1/2, p110; Subject Term: COMPUTER software industry; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL engineering; Subject Term: PACKAGING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Automation; Author-Supplied Keyword: GRID; Author-Supplied Keyword: Packaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Software environment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511210 Software Publishers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541420 Industrial Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561910 Packaging and Labeling Services; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.070
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19276653&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mahesh, S.
AU  - Tomé, C.N.
T1  - Deformation banding under arbitrary monotonic loading in cubic metals.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/11/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 33
M3  - Article
SP  - 3517
EP  - 3546
SN  - 14786435
AB  - We present a Taylor-based theory of deformation of an aggregate of rigid- plastic crystals that allows for heterogeneity of grain deformation, and use it to model macroscopic subdivision of grains into mutually misoriented volumes, a process termed deformation banding. Each grain is assumed to accommodate the macroscopically imposed deformation such that the power of its plastic deformation is minimized. This minimization may involve the formation of deformation bands. The theory is applied to tension, compression and rolling of fcc aluminium and bcc a-iron polycrystals, and used to predict the macroscopic mechanical response, the polycrystal texture, the orientation of deformation bands, and the misorientations across them. These predictions are compared with experimental observations available in the literature, and good qualitative agreement is found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - SHAPES
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - PLASTIC crystals
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - ALUMINUM
N1  - Accession Number: 15059769; Mahesh, S. 1 Tomé, C.N. 1; Email Address: tome@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 11/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 33, p3517; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: SHAPES; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: PLASTIC crystals; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326198 All other plastic product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 30p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430412331297500
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15059769&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grandt, Patrick A.
AU  - Griffith, Aureus E.
AU  - Manasreh, M. O.
AU  - Friedman, D. J.
AU  - Doğan, S.
AU  - Johnstone, D.
T1  - Determination of the carrier concentration in InGaAsN/GaAs single quantum wells using Raman scattering.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4905
EP  - 4907
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Raman scattering from longitudinal optical phonon-plasmon coupled mode was observed in a series of InGaAsN/GaAs single quantum well samples grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. The phonon-plasmon mode spectra were fitted with the dielectric constant function based on Drude model that contains contributions from both lattice vibrations and conduction electrons. The carrier concentration is calculated directly from the plasmon frequency, which is obtained from the fitting procedure. An empirical expression for the electron concentration, [n], in InGaAsN/GaAs samples is determined as [n]≈{2.35×1016(ωm-502)}cm-3, where ωm is the peak of the upper frequency branch, L+, of the phonon-plasmon mode measured in unit of cm-1. The phonon-plasmon coupled mode was also investigated in rapid thermally annealed samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155572; Grandt, Patrick A. 1 Griffith, Aureus E. 1 Manasreh, M. O. 1; Email Address: manasreh@engr.uark.edu Friedman, D. J. 2 Doğan, S. 3 Johnstone, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, 3217 Bell Engineering Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401  3: Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 601 W. Main Street, P. O. Box 843072, Richmond, Virginia 23284-3072; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p4905; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1823014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155572&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ruiz, Ricardo
AU  - Mayer, Alex C.
AU  - Malliaras, George G.
AU  - Nickel, Bert
AU  - Scoles, Giacinto
AU  - Kazimirov, Alexander
AU  - Kim, Hyunjung
AU  - Headrick, Randall L.
AU  - Islam, Zahirul
T1  - Structure of pentacene thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4926
EP  - 4928
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction, x-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy have been performed to study the structure of pentacene thin films on oxidized Si substrates from submonolayer to multilayer coverages. The volume of the unit cell in the thin film phase is almost identical to that of the bulk phase, thus the molecular packing efficiency is effectively the same in both phases. The structure forming from the first monolayer remains the same for films at least 190 Å thick. The in-plane structure of the submonolayer islands also remains unchanged within a substrate temperature range of 0<Tsub<45 °C while the island size changes by more than a factor of 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOMOLECULAR films
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - PENTACENE
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155565; Ruiz, Ricardo 1; Email Address: rr253@cornell.edu Mayer, Alex C. 1 Malliaras, George G. 1 Nickel, Bert 2; Email Address: bert.nickel@physik.uni-muenchen.de Scoles, Giacinto 2 Kazimirov, Alexander 3 Kim, Hyunjung 4 Headrick, Randall L. 5 Islam, Zahirul 6; Affiliation:  1: Cornell University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ithaca, New York 14853  2: Princeton University, Chemistry Department, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 and Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton, New Jersey 08544  3: Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, New York 14853  4: Sogang University, Department of Physics, Seoul 121-742, Korea  5: University of Vermont, Department of Physics, Burlington, Vermont 05405  6: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p4926; Subject Term: MONOMOLECULAR films; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: PENTACENE; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1826229
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155565&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, E.
AU  - Wang, Y. M.
AU  - Lu, Q. H.
AU  - Sui, M. L.
AU  - Lu, L.
AU  - Lu, K.
T1  - Strain hardening and large tensile elongation in ultrahigh-strength nano-twinned copper.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4932
EP  - 4934
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A high density of growth twins in pure Cu imparts high yield strength while preserving the capacity for efficient dislocation storage, leading to high strain hardening rates at high flow stresses, especially at 77 K. Uniform tensile deformation is stabilized to large plastic strains, resulting in an ultrahigh tensile strength of ∼1 GPa together with an elongation to failure of ∼30%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155563; Ma, E. 1; Email Address: ema@jhu.edu Wang, Y. M. 1,2 Lu, Q. H. 3 Sui, M. L. 3 Lu, L. 3 Lu, K. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550.  3: Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p4932; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1814431
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155563&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Peng
AU  - Chu, Paul K.
AU  - Höchbauer, T.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
AU  - Buca, D.
AU  - Mantl, S.
AU  - Theodore, N. David
AU  - Alford, T. L.
AU  - Mayer, J. W.
AU  - Loo, R.
AU  - Caymax, M.
AU  - Cai, M.
AU  - Lau, S. S.
T1  - Plasma hydrogenation of strain-relaxed SiGe/Si heterostructure for layer transfer.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4944
EP  - 4946
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The use of plasma hydrogenation for relaxed SiGe layer transfer is demonstrated. It is found that the interface of a strain-relaxed SiGe/Si heterostructure is effective in trapping H during plasma hydrogenation. Long microcracks observed at the interface due to the trapping of indiffused H indicate the distinct possibility of transferring the overlayer using the ion-cutting technique. Our results suggest that interfacial defects induced by the He implantation relaxation process trap the indiffusing H atoms and lead to interfacial cracks during hydrogenation or upon postannealing at higher temperatures. It is further noted that trapping of H at the interface is possible only in strain-relaxed structures. Without strain relaxation, H atoms introduced by plasma hydrogenation get trapped just below the sample surface and form a band of shallow platelets. Without the need for high-dose high-energy ion implantation, our results suggest an effective way for high-quality strain-relaxed SiGe layer transfer. The technique has potential for application in the fabrication of SiGe-on-insulator strained Si epitaxial layer and related structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICONES
KW  - HYDROGENATION
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155559; Chen, Peng 1 Chu, Paul K. 1; Email Address: paul.chu@cityu.edu.hk Höchbauer, T. 2 Nastasi, M. 2 Buca, D. 3 Mantl, S. 3 Theodore, N. David 4 Alford, T. L. 5 Mayer, J. W. 5 Loo, R. 6 Caymax, M. 6 Cai, M. 7 Lau, S. S. 7; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545  3: Institut für Schichten und Grenzflaechen and cni-Center of Nanoelectronic Systems for Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany  4: Advanced Products Research and Development Laboratory, Freescale Semiconductor Incorporated, 2100 East Elliot Road, Tempe, Arizona 85284  5: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287  6: IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium  7: University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p4944; Subject Term: SILICONES; Subject Term: HYDROGENATION; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1824171
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155559&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tsetseris, L.
AU  - Zhou, X. J.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Pantelides, S. T.
T1  - Dual role of fluorine at the Si–SiO2 interface.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 4950
EP  - 4952
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Fluorine is known to have both a beneficial and adverse role on the characteristics of Si–SiO2-based devices. Here we report the results of first-principles calculations in terms of which we elucidate this dual behavior. On one hand, we find that Si–F interfacial bonds are resistant to depassivation by hydrogen species, with the process being shut down in the presence of holes. However, we also show that any excess of fluorine has a negative effect since it either creates stretched bonds, which can act as carrier traps, or disrupts an abrupt interface by cleavage of Si–Si bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUORINE
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155557; Tsetseris, L. 1; Email Address: leonidas.tsetseris@vanderbilt.edu Zhou, X. J. 2 Fleetwood, D. M. 2 Schrimpf, R. D. 2 Pantelides, S. T. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235  2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 and Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p4950; Subject Term: FLUORINE; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1825621
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155557&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Lee, Jang-Sik
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Foltyn, S. R.
AU  - Jia, Q. X.
AU  - Collis, G. E.
AU  - Burrell, A. K.
AU  - McCleskey, T. M.
T1  - Structural and dielectric properties of epitaxial Ba1-xSrxTiO3 films grown on LaAlO3 substrates by polymer-assisted deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5007
EP  - 5009
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Epitaxial Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (BST) thin films with different Ba/Sr ratio (x=0.1–0.9 with an interval of 0.1) have been grown on (001) LaAlO3 substrates using polymer-assisted deposition. Dielectric measurements show that the films have dielectric properties comparable to the BST films grown by the pulsed laser deposition. Systematic changes in the lattice parameters and dielectric behavior with x values have been measured. The highest dielectric constant (∼1010) and tunability (∼69%) at 1 MHz and room temperature have been obtained at x=0.3, which is at the phase boundary of tetragonal and cubic structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155538; Lin, Y. 1; Email Address: ylin@lanl.gov Lee, Jang-Sik 1 Wang, H. 1 Li, Y. 1 Foltyn, S. R. 1 Jia, Q. X. 1; Email Address: qxjia@lanl.gov Collis, G. E. 2 Burrell, A. K. 2 McCleskey, T. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Superconductivity Technology Center, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Structural and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p5007; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1827927
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155538&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Subramania, G.
AU  - Lin, S. Y.
T1  - Fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystal with alignment based on electron beam lithography.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5037
EP  - 5039
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate the fabrication of a three-dimensional woodpile photonic crystal in the near-infrared using a layer-by-layer approach involving electron beam lithography and spin on glass planarization. The alignment accuracy between the first and the fifth layer is within 10% of the lattice spacing as measured from cross section scanning-electron-microscopy images. Optical reflectivity measurements reveal peaks consistent with the photonic gap frequency. The method offers a way of rapid prototyping full three-dimensional photonic band gap devices with considerable flexibility of materials choice. Moreover, lattice structure that can operate at wavelengths into the visible can be fabricated using this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - ELECTRON beam lithography
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155528; Subramania, G. 1; Email Address: gssubra@sandia.gov Lin, S. Y. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, CII-6013, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p5037; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beam lithography; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1825623
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155528&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu, Y. T.
AU  - Liao, X. Z.
AU  - Srinivasan, S. G.
AU  - Zhao, Y. H.
AU  - Baskes, M. I.
AU  - Zhou, F.
AU  - Lavernia, E. J.
T1  - Nucleation and growth of deformation twins in nanocrystalline aluminum.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 5049
EP  - 5051
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Deformation twins (DTs) in nanocrystalline (nc) Al were both predicted by atomic simulations, and observed experimentally. However, despite encouraging preliminary results, their formation mechanism remains poorly understood. Here we present an analytical model, based on classical dislocation theory, to explain the nucleation and growth of DTs in nc Al. A 60° dislocation system consisting of a 90° leading partial and a 30° trailing partial is found to most readily nucleate and grow a DT. The model suggests that the stress for twin growth is much smaller than that for its nucleation. It also predicts an optimal grain size for twin nucleation. The model successfully explains DTs observed experimentally in nc Al and is also applicable to other nc metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - MOLECULAR electronics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155524; Zhu, Y. T. 1; Email Address: yzhu@lanl.gov Liao, X. Z. 1 Srinivasan, S. G. 1 Zhao, Y. H. 1 Baskes, M. I. 1 Zhou, F. 2 Lavernia, E. J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p5049; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR electronics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1823042
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155524&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Oliver A.
AU  - Curat, Stephane
AU  - Gerbi, Jennifer E.
AU  - Gruen, Dieter M.
AU  - Jackman, Richard B.
T1  - Publisher’s Note: “n-type conductivity in ultrananocrystalline diamond films” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 1680 (2004)].
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 85
IS  - 21
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 5106
EP  - 5106
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Presents a correction to an article previously published in "Applied Physics Letters."
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15155503; Williams, Oliver A. 1 Curat, Stephane 2 Gerbi, Jennifer E. 3 Gruen, Dieter M. 3 Jackman, Richard B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: University College London, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 21, p5106; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1063/1.1829716
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15155503&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jung, Yousung
AU  - Lochan, Rohini C.
AU  - Dutoi, Anthony D.
AU  - Head-Gordon, Martin
T1  - Scaled opposite-spin second order Møller–Plesset correlation energy: An economical electronic structure method.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 9793
EP  - 9802
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A simplified approach to treating the electron correlation energy is suggested in which only the α-β component of the second order Møller–Plesset energy is evaluated, and then scaled by an empirical factor which is suggested to be 1.3. This scaled opposite-spin second order energy (SOS-MP2), where MP2 is Møller–Plesset theory, yields results for relative energies and derivative properties that are statistically improved over the conventional MP2 method. Furthermore, the SOS-MP2 energy can be evaluated without the fifth order computational steps associated with MP2 theory, even without exploiting any spatial locality. A fourth order algorithm is given for evaluating the opposite spin MP2 energy using auxiliary basis expansions, and a Laplace approach, and timing comparisons are given. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON configuration
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - HARMONIC functions (Mathematics)
KW  - LAPLACE transformation
N1  - Accession Number: 15026691; Jung, Yousung 1,2 Lochan, Rohini C. 1,2 Dutoi, Anthony D. 1,2 Head-Gordon, Martin 1,2; Email Address: mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 20, p9793; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON configuration; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: HARMONIC functions (Mathematics); Subject Term: LAPLACE transformation; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 10 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809602
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kum, Oyeon
AU  - Dickson, Brad M.
AU  - Stuart, Steven J.
AU  - Uberuaga, Blas P.
AU  - Voter, Arthur F.
T1  - Parallel replica dynamics with a heterogeneous distribution of barriers: Application to n-hexadecane pyrolysis.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 9808
EP  - 9819
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Parallel replica dynamics simulation methods appropriate for the simulation of chemical reactions in molecular systems with many conformational degrees of freedom have been developed and applied to study the microsecond-scale pyrolysis of n-hexadecane in the temperature range of 2100–2500 K. The algorithm uses a transition detection scheme that is based on molecular topology, rather than energetic basins. This algorithm allows efficient parallelization of small systems even when using more processors than particles (in contrast to more traditional parallelization algorithms), and even when there are frequent conformational transitions (in contrast to previous implementations of the parallel replica algorithm). The parallel efficiency for pyrolysis initiation reactions was over 90% on 61 processors for this 50-atom system. The parallel replica dynamics technique results in reaction probabilities that are statistically indistinguishable from those obtained from direct molecular dynamics, under conditions where both are feasible, but allows simulations at temperatures as much as 1000 K lower than direct molecular dynamics simulations. The rate of initiation displayed Arrhenius behavior over the entire temperature range, with an activation energy and frequency factor of Ea=79.7 kcal/mol and log A/s-1=14.8, respectively, in reasonable agreement with experiment and empirical kinetic models. Several interesting unimolecular reaction mechanisms were observed in simulations of the chain propagation reactions above 2000 K, which are not included in most coarse-grained kinetic models. More studies are needed in order to determine whether these mechanisms are experimentally relevant, or specific to the potential energy surface used. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
N1  - Accession Number: 15026689; Kum, Oyeon 1; Email Address: okum@clemson.edu Dickson, Brad M. 1 Stuart, Steven J. 1; Email Address: ss@clemson.edu Uberuaga, Blas P. 2 Voter, Arthur F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 20, p9808; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807823
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aguirre, F.
AU  - Pratt, S. T.
T1  - Photoionization and photodissociation dynamics of the B 1Σu+ and C 1Πu states of H2 and D2.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 9855
EP  - 9864
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The photoionization and photodissociation dynamics of H2 and D2 in selected rovibrational levels of the B 1Σu+ and C 1Πu states have been investigated by velocity map ion imaging. The selected rotational levels of the B 1Σu+ and C 1Πu states are prepared by three-photon excitation from the ground state. The absorption of fourth photon results in photoionization to produce H2+ X 2Σg+ or photodissociation to produce a ground-state H(1s) atom and an excited H atom with n>=2. The H2+ ion can be photodissociated by absorption of a fifth photon. The resulting H+ or D+ ion images provide information on the vibrational state dependence of the photodissociation angular distribution of the molecular ion. The excited H(n>=2) atoms produced by the neutral dissociation process can also be ionized by the absorption of a fifth photon. The resulting ion images provide insight into the excited state branching ratios and angular distributions of the neutral photodissociation process. While the experimental ion images contain information on both the ionic and neutral processes, these can be separated based on constraints imposed on the fragment translational energies. The angular distribution of the rings in the ion images indicates that the neutral dissociation of molecular hydrogen and its isotopes is quite complex, and involves coupling to both doubly excited electronic states and the dissociation continua of singly excited Rydberg states. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - PHOTOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15026685; Aguirre, F. 1 Pratt, S. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 20, p9855; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810511
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Tao
AU  - Bhatia, Bhawna
AU  - Sholl, David S.
T1  - First-principles study of C adsorption, O adsorption, and CO dissociation on flat and stepped Ni surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 10241
EP  - 10249
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The adsorption of atomic oxygen and carbon was studied with plane wave density functional theory on four Ni surfaces, Ni(110), Ni(111), Ni(210), and Ni(531). Various adsorption sites on these surfaces are examined in order to identify the most favorable adsorption site for each atomic species. The dependence of surface bonding on adsorbate coverage is also investigated. Adsorption energies and structural information are obtained and compared with existing experimental results for Ni(110) and Ni(111). In addition, activation barriers to CO dissociation have been determined on Ni(111) and Ni(531) by locating the transition states for these processes. Our results indicate that the binding energies of C are comparatively stronger on stepped surfaces than on flat surfaces, and the energy barriers associated with CO dissociation strongly favor reactions occurring near surface steps. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - DISSOCIATION (Chemistry)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 15026643; Li, Tao 1,2 Bhatia, Bhawna 2 Sholl, David S. 1,2; Email Address: sholl@andrew.cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 20, p10241; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: DISSOCIATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 9 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808424
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Budzien, Joanne
AU  - McCoy, John D.
AU  - Adolf, Douglas B.
T1  - General relationships between the mobility of a chain fluid and various computed scalar metrics.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 10291
EP  - 10298
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We performed molecular dynamics simulations of chain systems to investigate general relationships between the system mobility and computed scalar quantities. Three quantities were found that had a simple one-to-one relationship with mobility: packing fraction, potential energy density, and the value of the static structure factor at the first peak. The chain center-of-mass mobility as a function of these three quantities could be described equally well by either a Vogel-Fulcher type or a power law equation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - FORCE & energy
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - CENTER of mass
KW  - DENSITY
N1  - Accession Number: 15026637; Budzien, Joanne 1 McCoy, John D. 1 Adolf, Douglas B. 2; Affiliation:  1: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0888; Source Info: 11/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 20, p10291; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: FORCE & energy; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: CENTER of mass; Subject Term: DENSITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808694
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sauer
AU  - M. C. Jr.
AU  - Shkrob
AU  - I. A.
AU  - Lian
AU  - R.
AU  - Crowell
AU  - R. A.
AU  - Bartels
AU  - D. M.
AU  - Chen
AU  - X.
AU  - Suffern
AU  - D.
AU  - Bradforth
AU  - S. E.
T1  - Electron Photodetachment from Aqueous Anions. 2. Ionic Strength Effect on Geminate Recombination Dynamics and Quantum Yield for Hydrated Electron.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 10414
EP  - 10425
SN  - 10895639
AB  - In concentrated solutions of NaClO4 and Na2SO4, the quantum yield for free electron generated by detachment from photoexcited anions (such as I-, OH-, ClO4-, and SO32-) linearly decreases by 6-12% per 1 M ionic strength. In 9 M sodium perchlorate solution, this quantum yield decreases by roughly 1 order of magnitude. Ultrafast kinetic studies of 200 nm photon induced electron detachment from Br-, HO-, and SO32- and 228 nm photodetachment from I- suggest that the yield of thermalized, solvated electron does not change in these solutions; rather, the ionic strength effect originates in more efficient recombination of geminate pairs. Within the framework of the recently proposed mean force potential (MFP) model of charge separation dynamics in such photosystems, the observed changes are interpreted as an increase in the short-range attractive potential between the geminate partners. Association of sodium cation(s) with the electron and the parent anion is suggested as the most likely cause for the observed modification of the MFP. Electron thermalization kinetics suggest that the cation associated with the parent anion (by ion pairing and/or ionic atmosphere interaction) is passed to the detached electron in the course of the photoreaction. The precise atomic-level mechanism for the ionic strength effect is presently unclear; any further advance is likely to require the development of an adequate quantum molecular dynamics model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16426935; Sauer M. C. Jr. 1 Shkrob I. A. 1 Lian R. 1 Crowell R. A. 1 Bartels D. M. 1 Chen X. 1 Suffern D. 1 Bradforth S. E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 47, p10414; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wong
AU  - A.
AU  - Whitehead
AU  - R. D.
AU  - Gan
AU  - Z.
AU  - Wu
AU  - G.
T1  - A Solid-State NMR and Computational Study of Sodium and Potassium Tetraphenylborates:  23Na and 39K NMR Signatures for Systems Containing Cation-π Interactions.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 10551
EP  - 10559
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Sodium and potassium tetraphenylborates were examined by solid-state 23Na and 39K NMR spectroscopy. Analyses of solid-state NMR spectra obtained at 4.70, 11.75, and 19.60 T yielded the following 23Na and 39K NMR parameters:  Na[BPh4], |CQ| = 1.24 ± 0.05 MHz, ηQ = 0.0 ± 0.1, δiso = -45.6 ± 0.5 ppm, and Ω = 14 ± 2 ppm; K[BPh4], |CQ| = 1.32 ± 0.05 MHz, ηQ = 0.0 ± 0.1, and δiso = -92 ± 1 ppm. In both Na[BPh4] and K[BPh4], the electric field gradient and chemical shift tensors at the metal site are axially symmetric, in agreement with the crystallographic symmetry. Extensive quantum mechanical calculations were performed for Na[BPh4] and K[BPh4] as well as for a large number of model cation-π systems containing Na+ and K+ ions and common aromatic compounds. Experimental and theoretical studies confirm that a highly shielded environment at the metal cation site is a characteristic feature for cation-π interactions, making it useful as a NMR signature for identifying cation-π interactions in proteins and nucleic acids. In this study, powder X-ray diffraction spectra for Na[BPh4] and K[BPh4] were also reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - SODIUM
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - POTASSIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 16426952; Wong A. 1 Whitehead R. D. 2 Gan Z. 3 Wu G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7K 7B4, and Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310  2: Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7K 7B4, and Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310  3: Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7K 7B4, and Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310  4: Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7K 7B4, and Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 47, p10551; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: SODIUM; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winans
AU  - R. E.
AU  - Vajda
AU  - S.
AU  - Lee
AU  - B.
AU  - Riley
AU  - S. J.
AU  - Seifert
AU  - Tikhonov
AU  - G. Y.
AU  - Tomczyk
AU  - N. A.
T1  - Thermal Stability of Supported Platinum Clusters Studied by in Situ GISAXS.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 18105
EP  - 18107
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Sintering of supported nanocatalysts often leads to the loss of the catalytic activity and selectivity. This paper reports on synchrotron X-ray studies of the thermal stability of supported platinum nanoparticles produced by cluster deposition on the naturally oxidized surface of a silicon wafer (SiO2/Si(111)). The temperature region of aggregation was determined by gradually heating the samples up to above 400 °C, and recording two-dimensional in situ X-ray scattering images during the heat treatment. The data analysis reveals an unexpectedly high stability of the supported particles, which preserve their original size up to about 320 °C, at which an abrupt onset of the agglomeration takes place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - CATALYSTS
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
N1  - Accession Number: 16427190; Winans R. E. 1 Vajda S. 1 Lee B. 1 Riley S. J. 1 Seifert Tikhonov G. Y. 1 Tomczyk N. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division and Experimental Facility Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 47, p18105; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang
AU  - Z.
T1  - Formation of a Quenchable Dense Carbon Form by Compression of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 18192
EP  - 18194
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Double-walled carbon nanotubes were pressurized to ~90 GPa by using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) at room temperature. High-resolution TEM and Raman spectroscopy on the recovered sample revealed that the carbon nanotubes collapse and result in the formation of a highly compressed carbon form. This carbon form has a c-layer interdistance of 0.21 nm, which is remarkably shorter than that of graphite (0.34 nm). The calculated density is 3.65 g/cm3, slightly greater than that of diamond (3.52 g/cm3). It is suggested that this dense carbon form is a potential superhard material and is likely the significant precursor of the phase transformation of graphite to diamond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 16427203; Wang Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 47, p18192; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin
AU  - W.
AU  - Han
AU  - H.
AU  - Frei
T1  - CO2 Splitting by H2O to CO and O2 under UV Light in TiMCM-41 Silicate Sieve.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 18269
EP  - 18273
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The 266-nm light-induced reaction of CO2 and H2O gas mixtures (including isotopic modifications 13CO2, C18O2, and D2O) in framework TiMCM-41 silicate sieve was monitored by in situ FT-IR spectroscopy at room temperature. Carbon monoxide gas was observed as the sole product by infrared, and the growth depended linearly on the photolysis laser power. H2O was confirmed as the stoichiometric electron donor. The work identifies CO as the single-photon, 2-electron-transfer product of CO2 at framework Ti centers with H2O acting as an electron donor, which has not been established before. O2 was detected as coproduct by mass spectrometric analysis of the photolysis gas mixture. These results are explained by single UV photon-induced splitting of CO2 by H2O to CO and surface OH radical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - POISONOUS gases
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 16427213; Lin W. 1 Han H. 1 Frei; Affiliation:  1: Physical Biosciences Division, Mailstop Calvin Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 47, p18269; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: POISONOUS gases; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stack
AU  - A. G.
AU  - Rustad
AU  - J. R.
AU  - DeYoreo
AU  - J. J.
AU  - Land
AU  - T. A.
AU  - Casey
AU  - W. H.
T1  - The Growth Morphology of the {100} Surface of KDP (Archerite) on the Molecular Scale.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/11/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 47
M3  - Article
SP  - 18284
EP  - 18290
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The surface morphology of the {100} face growth hillock of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) is examined through first-principles calculations and using periodic-bonded-chain (PBC) theory. KDP, or archerite ([K, NH4]H2PO4), is used extensively in industry and is an excellent model for more complicated materials that have considerable ionic and hydrogen bonding as part of their structure. Here, we have calculated the gas-phase detachment energies of KH2PO4 growth units adsorbed to steps oriented normal to the [010] and [001] PBC directions. The detachment energies of growth units adsorbed to the two different terminations of the {010}-facing step are +4.2 and +4.5 eV, and detachment from the {001}-facing step is +3.8 eV. Detachment from the {010}-facing step is more unfavorable, indicating that the adsorbed species will be less labile and the step will advance more quickly than the {001}-facing step. The relative detachment energies are qualitatively consistent with experimentally observed fast and slow step velocities on the {100} growth hillock. Detachment energies of growth units adsorbed subsequently to the {010}-facing step are similar, but detachment of a second growth unit from the {001}-facing step is much more unfavorable, +5.1 eV. The increase in detachment energy indicates that the high rate of detachment of the initial KH2PO4 unit from the {001}-facing step may limit the advance of the step, whereas the second growth unit detaches much more slowly. To explain this behavior, we propose that the first growth unit adsorbed to the {001}-facing step has a higher lability because of the lack of hydrogen bonds to the step edge. This study provides a qualitative picture of how crystal structure may control growth morphology of KDP and emphasizes the importance of anisotropic hydrogen bonding in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - POTASSIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 16427215; Stack A. G. 1 Rustad J. R. 1 DeYoreo J. J. 1 Land T. A. 1 Casey W. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Graduate Group, Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Department of Geology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 108 Issue 47, p18284; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Yawen
AU  - Shawgo, Rebecca S.
AU  - Tyler, Betty
AU  - Henderson, Paul T.
AU  - Vogel, John S.
AU  - Rosenberg, Aron
AU  - Storm, Phillip B.
AU  - Langer, Robert
AU  - Brem, Henry
AU  - Cima, Michael J.
T1  - In vivo release from a drug delivery MEMS device
JO  - Journal of Controlled Release
JF  - Journal of Controlled Release
Y1  - 2004/11/24/
VL  - 100
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 211
EP  - 219
SN  - 01683659
AB  - Abstract: A drug delivery microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device was designed to release complex profiles of multiple substances in order to maximize the effectiveness of drug therapies. The device is based on micro-reservoirs etched into a silicon substrate that contain individual doses of drug. Each dose is released by the electrochemical dissolution of the gold membrane that covers the reservoir. The first in vivo operation of this device was reported in this study. Subcutaneous release was demonstrated in rats using two tracer molecules, fluorescein dye and radiolabeled mannitol, and one radiolabeled chemotherapeutic agent, carmustine (BCNU). BCNU was chosen because of the need to improve the direct delivery of chemotherapy to malignant tumors. The spatial profile of fluorescein dye release from the drug delivery device was evaluated by fluorimetry, the temporal profile of 14C labeled mannitol release was evaluated by liquid scintillation counting, and the temporal profile of 14C labeled BCNU release was evaluated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Release profiles obtained from injected controls were compared with those from activated devices. The in vivo dye release results showed high concentration of fluorescein in the flank tissue surrounding the devices 1 h after activation. The 14C labeled mannitol released from the drug delivery devices was rapidly cleared (1 day) from the rat urine. In vivo release of 14C labeled BCNU from activated devices showed slightly slower kinetics than the injected and in vitro controls, and the time to reach the steady-state plasma 14C concentration was on the order of 1 h. All these results demonstrated the capability of this drug delivery device to achieve localized delivery of various compounds with well-defined temporal profiles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Controlled Release is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - DRUG delivery devices
KW  - DRUG therapy
KW  - THERAPEUTICS
KW  - Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)
KW  - Carmustine (BCNU)
KW  - Drug delivery
KW  - In vivo release kinetics
KW  - Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
N1  - Accession Number: 15426177; Li, Yawen 1 Shawgo, Rebecca S. 1 Tyler, Betty 2 Henderson, Paul T. 3 Vogel, John S. 3 Rosenberg, Aron 1 Storm, Phillip B. 2 Langer, Robert 4 Brem, Henry 2 Cima, Michael J. 1; Email Address: mjcima@mit.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States  2: Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, United States  4: Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 100 Issue 2, p211; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: DRUG delivery devices; Subject Term: DRUG therapy; Subject Term: THERAPEUTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Carmustine (BCNU); Author-Supplied Keyword: Drug delivery; Author-Supplied Keyword: In vivo release kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.08.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Agard, Nicholas J.
AU  - Prescher, Jennifer A.
AU  - Bertozzi, Carolyn R.
T1  - A Strain-Promoted [3 + 2] Azide -- Alkyne Cycloaddition for Covalent Modification of Biomolecules in Living Systems.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/24/
VL  - 126
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 1546
EP  - 15047
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article presents information on the strain-promoted [3 + 2] azide -- alkyne cycloaddition for covalent modification of biomolecules in living systems. The azide has secured a prominent role as a unique chemical handle for bioconjugation. The destabilization of the ground state versus the transition state of the reaction provides a dramatic rate acceleration compared to unstrained alkynes. The strain-promoted [3 + 2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition can be used for selective modification of biomolecules and living cells without apparent physiological harm.
KW  - AZIDES
KW  - RING formation (Chemistry)
KW  - BIOCONJUGATES
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - ALKYNES
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - MOLECULAR biology
N1  - Accession Number: 15252374; Agard, Nicholas J. 1,2 Prescher, Jennifer A. 1,2 Bertozzi, Carolyn R. 1,2; Email Address: crb@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 11/24/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 46, p1546; Subject Term: AZIDES; Subject Term: RING formation (Chemistry); Subject Term: BIOCONJUGATES; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: ALKYNES; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR biology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325920 Explosives Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pattanayek, Rekha
AU  - Sethaphong, Latsavoflgsakda
AU  - Pan, Chongle
AU  - Prhavc, Marija
AU  - Prakash, Thazha P.
AU  - Manoharan, Muthiah
AU  - Egli, Martin
T1  - Structural Rationalization of a Large Difference in RNA Affinity Despite a small Difference in RNA Affinity Despite a Small Difference in  Chemistry between Two 2'-O-Modified Nucleic Acid Analogues.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/24/
VL  - 126
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 15006
EP  - 15007
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article presents information on the structural rationalization of a large difference in RNA affinity despite a small difference in RNA affinity despite a small difference in chemistry between two 2'-O-modified nucleic acid analogues. Chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) continue to be explored as anticancer, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory agents. The first-generation DNA phosphorothioates (PS-DNA) are gradually being replaced by second- and third-generation modifications in the clinic.' Second-generation antisense nucleic acid analogues include those with 2'O-modifications of the ribose. The hydration pattern around 2'-O-NMA substituents is reminiscent of the water structure observed for 2'-O-MOE-RNA.
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - RNA
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - GENES
KW  - ANTI-inflammatory agents
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 15252354; Pattanayek, Rekha 1 Sethaphong, Latsavoflgsakda 1 Pan, Chongle 2 Prhavc, Marija 3 Prakash, Thazha P. 3 Manoharan, Muthiah 4 Egli, Martin 1; Email Address: martin.egli@vanderbilt.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.  2: Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.  3: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, California 92008.  4: Department of Drug Discovery, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142.; Source Info: 11/24/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 46, p15006; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: RNA; Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: ANTI-inflammatory agents; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, Na
AU  - Shen, Yuen-Ron
T1  - Optically Active Sum Frequency Generation from Molecules with a Chiral Center: Amino Acids as Model Systems.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/24/
VL  - 126
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 15008
EP  - 15009
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article presents information on the optically active sum frequency generation from molecules with a chiral center. Recently, optically active second harmonic generation and sum frequency generation (SFG) have been developed to probe molecular chirality. optically active SFG (OA-SFG) is allowed within the electric dipole approximation, it intrinsically has higher sensitivity than linear optical techniques, such as circulat dichroism (CD), and is capable of yielding rhrnntirnl !neetra from a monolayer of chiral molecules. Knowing OA-SFG responses from amino acids, one can estimate the signal strength of the OA-SFG expected from peptides and proteins since their amide group is isoelectronic with the carboxyl group of amino acids.
KW  - ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis
KW  - DICHROISM
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 15252355; Ji, Na 1 Shen, Yuen-Ron 1; Email Address: shenyr@socrates.Berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 11/24/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 46, p15008; Subject Term: ENANTIOSELECTIVE catalysis; Subject Term: DICHROISM; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tulevski, George S.
AU  - Miao, Qian
AU  - Fukuto, Masafumi
AU  - Abram, Rebecca
AU  - Ocko, Benjamin
AU  - Pindak, Ronald
AU  - Steigerwald, Michael L.
AU  - Kagan, Cherie R.
AU  - Nuckolls, Colin
T1  - Attaching Organic Semiconductors to Gate Oxides: In Situ Assembly of Monolayer Field Effect Transistors.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/24/
VL  - 126
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 15048
EP  - 15050
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article presents information on attaching organic semiconductors to gate oxides: in situ assembly of monolayer field effect transistors. The monolayers spontaneously self-organize into the active layer in nanoscale field-effect transistor devices when aluminum oxide is used as the dielectric layer. Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to probe the core electron binding energies of the atoms present on the surface of the aluminum oxide. The path forward to optimize the electronics is tuning the monolayer structure on the gate dielectric surface, reducing the dielectric thickness, and improving the dielectric quality using high-k dielectrics deposited by atomic layer deposition.
KW  - FIELD-effect transistors
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - TRANSISTORS
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
N1  - Accession Number: 15252375; Tulevski, George S. 1 Miao, Qian 2 Fukuto, Masafumi 2 Abram, Rebecca 2 Ocko, Benjamin 2 Pindak, Ronald 2 Steigerwald, Michael L. 1 Kagan, Cherie R. 3 Nuckolls, Colin 1; Email Address: cn37@columbia.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11970.  3: IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598.; Source Info: 11/24/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 46, p15048; Subject Term: FIELD-effect transistors; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: TRANSISTORS; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mao, Yuanbing
AU  - Wong, Stanislaus S.
T1  - General, Room-Temperature Method for the Synthesis of Isolated as Well as Arrays of Single-Crystalline ABO4-Type Nanorods.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/24/
VL  - 126
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 15245
EP  - 15252
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Single-crystalline BaWO4 and BaCrO4 nanorods of reproducible shape and of varying sizes have been controllably prepared using a simple, room-temperature approach, based on the use of porous alumina template membranes. Aligned BaWO4 and BaCrO4 nanorod arrays can be obtained by dissolving the template. Our facile technique, which is analogous to biomineralization, offers a promising and generalized methodology to prepare other types of free-standing ABO4 nanorods and their corresponding nanorod arrays. Extensive characterization of these samples has been performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Raman spectroscopy, FT-infrared spectroscopy (FT-lR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - BIOMINERALIZATION
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15252397; Mao, Yuanbing 1; Email Address: sswong@notes.cc.sunysb.edu Wong, Stanislaus S. 1,2; Email Address: sswong@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 -3400.  2: Materials and Chemical Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 480, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: 11/24/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 46, p15245; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: BIOMINERALIZATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Spence, Megan M.
AU  - Ruiz, E. Janette
AU  - Rubin, Seth M.
AU  - Lowery, Thomas J.
AU  - Winssinger, Nicolas
AU  - Schultz, Peter G.
AU  - Wemmer, David E.
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - Development of a Functionalized Xenon Biosensor.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/11/24/
VL  - 126
IS  - 46
M3  - Article
SP  - 15287
EP  - 15294
SN  - 00027863
AB  - NMR-based biosensors that utilize laser-polarized xenon offer potential advantages beyond current sensing technologies. These advantages include the capacity to simultaneously detect multiple analytes, the applicability to in vivo spectroscopy and imaging, and the possibility of "remote" amplified detection. Here, we present a detailed NMR characterization of the binding of a biotin-derivatized caged-xenon sensor to avidin. Binding of "functionalized" xenon to avidin leads to a change in the chemical shift of the encapsulated xenon in addition to a broadening of the resonance, both of which serve as NMR markers of ligand-target interaction. A control experiment in which the biotin-binding site of avidin was blocked with native biotin showed no such spectral changes, confirming that only specific binding, rather than nonspecific contact, between avidin and functionalized xenon leads to the effects on the xenon NMIR spectrum. The exchange rate of xenon (between solution and cage) and the xenon spin-lattice relaxation rate were not changed significantly upon binding. We describe two methods for enhancing the signal from functionalized xenon by exploiting the laser-polarized xenon magnetization reservoir. We also show that the xenon chemical shifts are distinct for xenon encapsulated in different diastereomeric cage molecules. This demonstrates the potential for tuning the encapsulated xenon chemical shift, which is a key requirement for being able to multiplex the biosensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - XENON
KW  - BIOSENSORS
KW  - BIOTIN
KW  - VITAMIN B complex
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - DETECTORS
N1  - Accession Number: 15252402; Spence, Megan M. 1 Ruiz, E. Janette 2,3 Rubin, Seth M. 4 Lowery, Thomas J. 2,5 Winssinger, Nicolas 6 Schultz, Peter G. 7 Wemmer, David E. 2,5 Pines, Alexander 2,3; Email Address: pines@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: ETH-Zürich,Laboratorjum für Physikalische Chemie, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.  2: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720.  3: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  4: Memorial Sioan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021.  5: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.  6: ISIS, Louis Pasteur University, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.  7: Department of Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037.; Source Info: 11/24/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 46, p15287; Subject Term: XENON; Subject Term: BIOSENSORS; Subject Term: BIOTIN; Subject Term: VITAMIN B complex; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tang, F.
AU  - Meeks, H.
AU  - Spowart, J.E.
AU  - Gnaeupel-Herold, T.
AU  - Prask, H.
AU  - Anderson, I.E.
T1  - Consolidation effects on tensile properties of an elemental Al matrix composite
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/11/25/
VL  - 386
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
EP  - 204
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Abstract: In a simplified composite design, an unalloyed Al matrix was reinforced by spherical Al–Cu–Fe alloy particles (30vol.%), using either commercial purity (99.7%) or high purity (99.99%) fine powders (diameter < 10μm). This composite material was consolidated by either vacuum hot pressing (VHP) or quasi-isostatic forging. The spatial distribution of reinforcement particles in both VHP and forged samples was shown to be almost the same by quantitative characterization with a multi-scale area fraction analysis technique. The tensile properties of all composite samples were tested and the forged materials showed significantly higher strength, while the elastic modulus values of all composite materials were close to the upper bound of theoretical predictions. Neutron diffraction measurements showed that there were high compressive residual stresses in the Al matrix of the forged samples and relatively low Al matrix residual stresses (predominantly compressive) in the VHP samples. By tensile tests and neutron diffraction measurements of the forged samples after annealing, it was shown that the high compressive residual stresses in the Al matrix were relieved and that tensile strength was also reduced to almost the same level as that of the VHP samples. Therefore, it was deduced that increased compressive residual stresses and enhanced dislocation densities in the forged composites raised the tensile strength to higher values than those of the VHP composites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - TENSILE architecture
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - Metal matrix composites
KW  - Powder metallurgy
KW  - Residual stress
KW  - Strengthening mechanism
N1  - Accession Number: 19290521; Tang, F. 1; Email Address: tangf@ornl.gov Meeks, H. 2 Spowart, J.E. 3 Gnaeupel-Herold, T. 4 Prask, H. 4 Anderson, I.E. 5; Affiliation:  1: Building 4515, MS 6064, Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Ceracon Inc., 5150 Fairoaks Blvd. #101-330, Carmichael, CA 95628, USA  3: UES Incorporated, AFRL/MLLM Building 655, 2230 Tenth St. Suite 1, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA  4: NIST Center for Neutron Research, 100 Bureau Dr. Stop 8562, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8562, USA  5: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 386 Issue 1/2, p194; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: TENSILE architecture; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Powder metallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strengthening mechanism; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.07.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, C. Paul
T1  - Revisiting the Baruch Plan.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/11/25/
VL  - 432
IS  - 7016
M3  - Article
SP  - 441
EP  - 442
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Comments on the concept of the Baruch Plan, a measure presented by former U.S. representative to the United Nations, Bernard Baruch suggesting turning down nuclear-weapon work to an international agency. Reaction of the international community on the plan; Goal of the plan to establish international control of nuclear research and elimination of nuclear weapons; Factor deterring the implementation of the plan.
KW  - NUCLEAR arms control
KW  - NUCLEAR nonproliferation
KW  - NUCLEAR weapons (International law)
KW  - INTERNATIONAL security
KW  - INTERNATIONAL cooperation
KW  - UNITED Nations
KW  - BARUCH, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965
N1  - Accession Number: 15159130; Robinson, C. Paul 1; Affiliation:  1: Director and President of Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0101, USA; Source Info: 11/25/2004, Vol. 432 Issue 7016, p441; Subject Term: NUCLEAR arms control; Subject Term: NUCLEAR nonproliferation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR weapons (International law); Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL security; Subject Term: INTERNATIONAL cooperation; Company/Entity: UNITED Nations; NAICS/Industry Codes: 919110 International and other extra-territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928120 International Affairs; People: BARUCH, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/432441a
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15159130&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crowhurst, J. C.
AU  - Darnell, I. M.
AU  - Goncharov, A. F.
AU  - Lassila, D. H.
AU  - Zaug, J. M.
T1  - Determination of the coefficient of friction between metal and diamond under high hydrostatic pressure.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5188
EP  - 5190
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have developed an experimental method to obtain the coefficient of friction between diamond and metal under high confining pressure in the diamond anvil cell. A metal ring is compressed between the diamond anvils and its inner and outer diameters are measured as a function of the compression. Measured dimensions are then compared to the results of finite element simulations, in which the coefficient of friction is a free parameter. As an example, we apply the method to polycrystalline molybdenum up to a hydrostatic pressure of 6 GPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FRICTION
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - METALS
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - HYDROSTATIC pressure
KW  - PRESSURE
N1  - Accession Number: 15244176; Crowhurst, J. C. 1; Email Address: crowhurst1@llnl.gov Darnell, I. M. 1 Goncharov, A. F. 1 Lassila, D. H. 1 Zaug, J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5188; Subject Term: FRICTION; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: HYDROSTATIC pressure; Subject Term: PRESSURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1828579
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244176&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lopez, Rene
AU  - Haglund, Richard F.
AU  - Feldman, Leonard C.
AU  - Boatner, Lynn A.
AU  - Haynes, Tony E.
T1  - Optical nonlinearities in VO2 nanoparticles and thin films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5191
EP  - 5193
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Z-scan and pump-probe measurements with ultrafast, 800 nm laser pulses were used to compare the ultrafast optical nonlinearities of VO2 nanoparticles and thin films in both semiconducting and metallic states. In the metallic state, both the nanocrystals and thin films exhibit a positive, intensity-dependent nonlinear index of refraction. However, the nonlinear effects are relatively larger in the VO2 nanocrystals, which also reveal a saturable nonlinear absorption. When the semiconductor-to-metal phase transition is induced by the laser pulse, VO2 thin films exhibit a negative equivalent nonlinear index of refraction while the nanocrystals exhibit a smaller but still positive index. Both the VO2 nanocrystals and thin films undergo the phase transition within 120 fs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NONLINEAR theories
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - PARTICLES
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 15244175; Lopez, Rene 1; Email Address: rene.lopez@vanderbilt.edu Haglund, Richard F. 1 Feldman, Leonard C. 1 Boatner, Lynn A. 2 Haynes, Tony E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy and Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235  2: Condense Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5191; Subject Term: NONLINEAR theories; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1826232
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244175&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Kai
AU  - Weertman, J. R.
AU  - Eastman, J. A.
T1  - The influence of time, temperature, and grain size on indentation creep in high-purity nanocrystalline and ultrafine grain copper.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5197
EP  - 5199
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Microhardness measurements have been carried out on high purity Cu samples with average grain sizes ranging from ∼10 to ∼200 nm, over temperatures from liquid nitrogen to ambient, and dwell-times of the indenter in the sample from 5 s to 39 h. The Vickers hardness diminishes approximately linearly with the logarithm of the dwell-time. At short dwell-times the hardness increases significantly with decreasing grain size and with decreasing temperature, but the influence of these variables substantially diminishes at longer times. Investigation by transmission electron microscopy shows that rapid grain growth under the indenter most likely is responsible for the strong and long-lasting indentation creep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - COPPER
KW  - TIME
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - MICROHARDNESS
N1  - Accession Number: 15244173; Zhang, Kai 1 Weertman, J. R. 1; Email Address: jrweertman@northwest.edu Eastman, J. A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5197; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: TIME; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: MICROHARDNESS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1828213
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244173&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ye, Z. X.
AU  - Qiang Li
AU  - Hu, Y. F.
AU  - Pogrebnyakov, A. V.
AU  - Cui, Y.
AU  - Xi, X. X.
AU  - Redwing, J. M.
AU  - Qi Li
T1  - Electron scattering dependence of dendritic magnetic instability in superconducting MgB2 films.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5284
EP  - 5286
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Magnetic instability in both ultrapure and carbon-doped MgB2 films is investigated by magneto-optical imaging, transport, and bulk magnetization measurements. In the carbon-doped MgB2 thin films, familiar dendritic flux-jump patterns were observed at low temperature as reported in previous experiments. In the ultrapure MgB2 thin film, however, a remarkably stable flux penetration was observed, clearly showing the classic behavior of the critical state model. Such different behavior indicates that the electron scattering ultimately controls the magnetic stability of the MgB2 films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
KW  - DENDRITIC crystals
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - CARBON
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
N1  - Accession Number: 15244144; Ye, Z. X. 1 Qiang Li 1; Email Address: qiangli@bnl.gov Hu, Y. F. 1 Pogrebnyakov, A. V. 2 Cui, Y. 2 Xi, X. X. 3 Redwing, J. M. 4 Qi Li 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802  3: Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802  4: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5284; Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Subject Term: DENDRITIC crystals; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1827931
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244144&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, J. S.
AU  - Pearson, J. E.
AU  - Liu, Z. Y.
AU  - Kabius, B.
AU  - Trasobares, S.
AU  - Miller, D. J.
AU  - Bader, S. D.
AU  - Lee, D. R.
AU  - Haskel, D.
AU  - Srajer, G.
AU  - Liu, J. P.
T1  - Improving exchange-spring nanocomposite permanent magnets.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5293
EP  - 5295
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate a counterintuitive approach for improving exchange-spring magnets. Contrary to the general belief that the exchange–spring interface must be ideal and atomically coherent, we thermally process, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, epitaxial Sm–Co/Fe thin-film bilayers to induce interfacial mixing. Synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping confirm the formation of a graded interface. The thermal processing enhances the nucleation field and the energy product. The hysteresis loop becomes more single-phase-like yet the magnetization remains fully reversible. Model simulations produce demagnetization behaviors similar to experimental observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - PERMANENT magnets
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15244141; Jiang, J. S. 1 Pearson, J. E. 1 Liu, Z. Y. 1 Kabius, B. 1 Trasobares, S. 1 Miller, D. J. 1 Bader, S. D. 1 Lee, D. R. 2 Haskel, D. 2 Srajer, G. 2 Liu, J. P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5293; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: PERMANENT magnets; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1828225
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244141&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wellstood, F. C.
AU  - Urbina, C.
AU  - Clarke, John
T1  - Flicker (1/f) noise in the critical current of Josephson junctions at 0.09–4.2 K.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5296
EP  - 5298
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We have measured the low-frequency noise in the critical current Ic of six dc superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) with resistively shunted Nb–NbOx–PbIn Josephson junctions in the temperature range T=0.09–4.2 K. Each device is voltage biased, the applied flux is an integer number of flux quanta, and the current fluctuations are measured with a second dc SQUID. At low frequencies f, there is a component of the power spectrum of the critical current fluctuations given approximately by SIc(f)=CIc2T2/Af, where A is the area of both junctions, and C≈(3.9±0.4)×10-23 m2/K2. For quantum bits based on Josephson junctions, the scaling of SIc(f) with T2 implies that the dephasing time limited by critical current l/f noise should scale as 1/T for temperatures down to at least 0.09 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - JOSEPHSON junctions
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - JOSEPHSON effect
KW  - NOISE
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices
KW  - SOLID state electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 15244140; Wellstood, F. C. 1,2 Urbina, C. 1,3 Clarke, John 1; Email Address: jclarke@physics.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7300 and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Center for Superconductivity Research, Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-4111  3: Quantronics Group, SPEC0-CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5296; Subject Term: JOSEPHSON junctions; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: JOSEPHSON effect; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTING quantum interference devices; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1826236
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244140&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bostedt, C.
AU  - van Buuren, T.
AU  - Willey, T. M.
AU  - Terminello, L. J.
T1  - Controlling the electronic structure of nanocrystal assemblies by variation of the particle-particle interaction.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5334
EP  - 5336
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The change in the electronic structure of germanium nanocrystals is investigated as their concentration is increased from noninteracting, individual particles to assembled arrays of particles. The electronic structure of the individual nanoclusters shows clear effects due to quantum confinement which are lost in the concentrated assemblies of bare particles. When the surface of the individual particles is passivated, they retain their quantum confinement properties also upon assembly. These effects are interpreted in terms of a particle-particle interaction model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - GERMANIUM crystals
KW  - QUANTUM theory
N1  - Accession Number: 15244127; Bostedt, C. 1,2; Email Address: Christoph.Bostedt@physik.tu-berlin.de van Buuren, T. 1 Willey, T. M. 1 Terminello, L. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550  2: Technische Universität Berlin, Germany; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5334; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: GERMANIUM crystals; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1828238
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244127&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, L.-H.
AU  - AuBuchon, J. F.
AU  - Gapin, A.
AU  - Daraio, C.
AU  - Bandaru, P.
AU  - Jin, S.
AU  - Kim, D. W.
AU  - Yoo, I. K.
AU  - Wang, C. M.
T1  - Control of carbon nanotube morphology by change of applied bias field during growth.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5373
EP  - 5375
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Carbon nanotube morphology has been engineered via simple control of applied voltage during dc plasma chemical vapor deposition growth. Below a critical applied voltage, a nanotube configuration of vertically aligned tubes with a constant diameter is obtained. Above the critical voltage, a nanocone-type configuration is obtained. The strongly field-dependent transition in morphology is attributed primarily to the plasma etching and decrease in the size of nanotube-nucleating catalyst particles. A two-step control of applied voltage allows a creation of dual-structured nanotube morphology consisting of a broad base nanocone (∼200 nm dia.) with a small diameter nanotube (∼7 nm) vertically emanating from the apex of the nanocone, which may be useful for atomic force microscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURED materials
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
KW  - CARBON
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 15244114; Chen, L.-H. 1 AuBuchon, J. F. 1 Gapin, A. 1 Daraio, C. 1 Bandaru, P. 1 Jin, S. 1; Email Address: jin@ucsd.edu Kim, D. W. 2,3 Yoo, I. K. 2 Wang, C. M. 4; Affiliation:  1: University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0411  2: Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, PO Box 111, Suwon 440-600, Korea  3: Visiting scientist at UC San Diego  4: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5373; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1830081
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244114&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kaplar, R. J.
AU  - Kurtz, S. R.
AU  - Koleske, D. D.
T1  - Optical and electrical step-recovery study of minority-carrier transport in an InGaN/GaN quantum-well light-emitting diode grown on sapphire.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5436
EP  - 5438
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Forward-to-reverse bias step-recovery experiments were performed on an InGaN/GaN single-quantum-well light-emitting diode grown on sapphire. With the quantum well sampling the minority-carrier hole density at a single position, the optical emission displayed a two-stage decay. Using a solution to the diffusion equation to self-consistently describe both the optical and electrical recovery data, we estimated values for the hole lifetime (758±44 ns), diffusion length (588±45 nm), and mobility (0.18±0.02 cm2/V s) in GaN grown on sapphire. This low value of the minority-carrier mobility may reflect trap-modulated transport, and the lifetime is suggestive of slow capture and emission processes occurring through deep levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - ELECTROLUMINESCENT devices
KW  - OPTICAL communications
N1  - Accession Number: 15244093; Kaplar, R. J. 1; Email Address: rjkapla@sandia.gov Kurtz, S. R. 1 Koleske, D. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5436; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: ELECTROLUMINESCENT devices; Subject Term: OPTICAL communications; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1828229
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244093&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Medlin, J. Will
AU  - Bastasz, Robert
AU  - McDaniel, Anthony H.
T1  - Hydrocarbon detection via ion implantation in metal–insulator–semiconductor devices.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 85
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 5457
EP  - 5459
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A method for using metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) sensors to detect hydrocarbons is described. In this method, hydrocarbon gases are ionized and focused in an energetic beam onto the surface of a MIS device using an ion gun. This detection scheme is found to be selective to hydrogen-containing compounds, with other species yielding no detectable response. The magnitude of the sensor response is found to be a strong function of the current flux and beam energy. These results suggest that ion implantation in MIS devices may be a useful sensing strategy for detection of various combustible gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - ION implantation
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - METAL-insulator transitions
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 15244086; Medlin, J. Will 1 Bastasz, Robert 1 McDaniel, Anthony H. 1; Email Address: amcdani@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 22, p5457; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Subject Term: ION implantation; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: METAL-insulator transitions; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1829138
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244086&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fujita, Etsuko
AU  - Muckerman, James T.
T1  - Why Is Re-Re Bond Formation/Cleavage in [Re(CO)5]2? Different from That in [Re(CO)5]2? Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Dimers and Fragments.
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 43
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7636
EP  - 7647
SN  - 00201669
AB  - The Re(NN)(CO)3(THF) (NN = bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine or dmb = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridifle) radical, produced by homolysis of [Re(NN)(CO)3]2 in THF solution by visible irradiation, dimerizes with rate constants kd = 20 ± 3 and 11 ± 4 M-1 s-1 for NN = dmb and bpy, respectively. The dimerization processes are strikingly slow compared to those of typical metal radicals including Re(CO)5 (kd ≈ 109 M-1 s-1). In order to explain such slow reactions, we have performed B3LYP hybrid DFT and fully ab initio RHF and MP2 calculations on several conformations of [Re(bpy)(CO)3]2 (cis, trans, skewed cis, skewed trans) and [Re(CO)5]2 (staggered) and on their constituent monomer radicals and anions. The calculations show that the most stable geometry of [Re(bpy)(CO)3]2 is skewed cis, and the experimental infrared spectrum and photochemical properties of the [Re(bpy)(CO)3]2 dimer are best described by the calculated properties of the skewed cis conformer in which there is no low-lying unoccupied orbital that is predominantly σMM&ast; in character. The Re(bpy)(CO)3(THF) ligand radical is more stable than the 5-coordinate ‘17-electron’ metal radical, Re(bpy)(CO)3, suggesting that the extremely slow dimerization rate most likely arises from the solvent blocking the binding site (i.e., the estimated fraction of the five-coordinate monomer is 1.6 × 10-2). Theoretical results are consistent with our expenmental results that the dimerization process proceeds via the Re centered radical, which is involved in a pre-equilibrium favoring the ligand-centered radical. Furthermore, time- dependent DFT calculations on [Re(bpy)(CO)3]2 and [Re(bpy)(CO)3- identify the origin of UV-vis absorption in THF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - BIPYRIDINE
KW  - BIPYRIDINIUM compounds
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - LIGANDS
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15370716; Fujita, Etsuko 1; Email Address: fujita@bnl.gov Muckerman, James T. 1; Email Address: muckerma@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 -5000; Source Info: 11/29/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 24, p7636; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: BIPYRIDINE; Subject Term: BIPYRIDINIUM compounds; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: LIGANDS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ic048910v
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15370716&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sessler, Jonathan L.
AU  - Melfi, Patricia J.
AU  - Seidel, Daniel
AU  - Gorden, Anne E.V.
AU  - Ford, Doris K.
AU  - Palmer, Philip D.
AU  - Tait, C. Drew
T1  - Hexaphyrin(1.0.1.0.0.0). A new colorimetric actinide sensor
JO  - Tetrahedron
JF  - Tetrahedron
Y1  - 2004/11/29/
VL  - 60
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 11089
EP  - 11097
SN  - 00404020
AB  - Hexaphyrin(1.0.1.0.0.0) (isoamethyrin) undergoes a significant color change in the presence of UO22+, PuO22+, and NpO22+. The complexation of the first of these dioxo actinide cations was studied in semi-quantitative fashion in 1:1 MeOH–CH2Cl2. Under these conditions, the detection limit for UO22+ was found to be ca. 5.8ppm by naked eye monitoring and <28ppb by UV–vis spectroscopy. Isoamethyrin does not undergo a color change in the presence of most transition metals or when exposed to Gd(III). Isoamethyrin thus constitutes an attractive alternative to 2,2′(1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-disulfonaphthylene-2,7-bisazo)-bisbenzenarsonic acid (AzIII) and 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (BrPADAP), systems currently used as actinide cation sensors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Tetrahedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - MONOVALENT cations
KW  - CARBOCATIONS
KW  - Colorimetric sensor
KW  - Combined modality therapy
KW  - Esophagitis
KW  - Expanded porphyrins
KW  - Hyperfractionated radiotherapy
KW  - Isoamethyrin
KW  - Non–small-cell lung cancer
KW  - Uranium
N1  - Accession Number: 14873163; Sessler, Jonathan L.; Email Address: sessler@mail.utexas.edu Melfi, Patricia J. 1 Seidel, Daniel Gorden, Anne E.V. Ford, Doris K. 2 Palmer, Philip D. 2 Tait, C. Drew 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, 1 University Station A5300, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-0165, USA  2: C—Chemistry and NMT—Nuclear Materials Technology Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 60 Issue 49, p11089; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MONOVALENT cations; Subject Term: CARBOCATIONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colorimetric sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Combined modality therapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Esophagitis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Expanded porphyrins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hyperfractionated radiotherapy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Isoamethyrin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Non–small-cell lung cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Uranium; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tet.2004.08.055
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14873163&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wanlass, M. W.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, S. P.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, R. K.
AU  - Carapella, J. J.
AU  - Wehrer, R. J.
AU  - Wernsman, B.
T1  - Recent Advances in Low-Bandgap, InP-Based GaInAs/InAsP Materials and Devices for Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) Energy Conversion.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 738
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 427
EP  - 435
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Salient advances in the development of thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy converters based on low-bandgap, InP-based, GaInAs/InAsP heterostructures are presented and discussed. InP-based materials are well-suited and advantageous for TPV converter applications. Substantial improvements in the quality of lattice-mismatched (LMM) heterostructures have been realized through an enhanced understanding of the relaxation behavior, and associated microstructure, of InAsP compositionally graded layers and GaInAs/InAsP interfaces. Double-heterostructure, GaInAs/InAsP test structures with bandgaps as low as 0.5 eV (1.6% lattice mismatch) have been demonstrated with exceptional low-injection, minority-carrier lifetimes (several μs) and large estimated diffusion lengths — comparable to those for lattice-matched materials. The advances in material quality have contributed to a number of notable TPV device achievements. A record in-cavity efficiency of 23.6% was reported for a 0.6-eV, GaInAs/InAsP monolithic interconnected module. Additionally, 0.52-eV GaInAs/InAsP TPV converters were demonstrated with near-unity internal quantum efficiencies and reverse-saturation current densities nearly equaling the best reported for lattice-matched, 0.52-eV GaInAsSb/GaSb devices. Furthermore, InP-based, 0.74/0.63-eV, monolithic, series-connected, tandem TPV converters are also under development and show promising performance; an in-cavity efficiency of 11% has been reported for preliminary devices. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 15374386; Wanlass, M. W. 1 Ahrenkiel, S. P. 1 Ahrenkiel, R. K. 1 Carapella, J. J. 1 Wehrer, R. J. 2 Wernsman, B. 2; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO  2: Bechtel Bettis, Inc., 814 Pittsburgh-McKeesport Boulevard, West Mifflin, PA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 738 Issue 1, p427; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1841921
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15374386&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wehrer, R. J.
AU  - Wanlass, M. W.
AU  - Taylor, D.
AU  - Wernsman, B.
AU  - Carapella, J. J.
AU  - Schultz, R. W.
AU  - Ahrenkiel, S. P.
AU  - Wilt, D. M.
AU  - Dashiell, M. W.
AU  - Siergiej, R. R.
AU  - Link, S. D.
AU  - Messham, R. L.
T1  - 0.52 eV InGaAs/InPAs Thermophotovoltaic Cells.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 738
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 452
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - 0.52 eV InGaAs/InPAs Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices have been grown, fabricated, and characterized. High performance of this material system at this bandgap has been demonstrated for the first time. 57 μA/cm2 reverse saturation current density was measured along with 95% internal quantum efficiency. Due to the buffering design used, no dislocations were detected in the active region of the device by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, suggesting defect densities < 107 cm-3 in this highly lattice mismatched (1.6%) material. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - DOPED semiconductor superlattices
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15374388; Wehrer, R. J. 1 Wanlass, M. W. 2 Taylor, D. 3 Wernsman, B. 1 Carapella, J. J. 2 Schultz, R. W. 1 Ahrenkiel, S. P. 2 Wilt, D. M. 4 Dashiell, M. W. 5 Siergiej, R. R. 1 Link, S. D. 1 Messham, R. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Bechtel Bettis, Inc., West Mifflin, PA 15122  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401  3: Bandwidth Semiconductor, LLC, Hudson, NH 03051  4: NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44135  5: Lockheed Martin, Inc., Schenectady, NY 12301; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 738 Issue 1, p445; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: DOPED semiconductor superlattices; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1841923
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15374388&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wanlass, M. W.
AU  - Albin, D. S.
T1  - A Rigorous Analysis of Series-Connected, Multi-Bandgap, Tandem Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) Energy Converters.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 738
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 462
EP  - 470
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Multi-bandgap, photonic energy conversion is under investigation for nearly every class of photovoltaic materials, with monolithic, series-connected device structures being the preferred mode of implementation. For TPV energy conversion systems, such an approach represents the next wave in TPV converter advancement. In this paper, we focus on a rigorous analysis of series-connected, multi-bandgap, tandem (SCMBT) converter structures according to Kirchhoff’s circuit laws. A general formulation is presented, followed by an application of the general formulation to a typical, semi-realistic model for well-behaved, p-n junction, photovoltaic devices. Using results generated from a computer code written in Visual Basic, we then present example calculations for SCMBT TPV converters with two subcells, for a TPV system utilizing a blackbody radiator operating at 954°C (1750°F). A comparison of the results obtained using the rigorous analysis, with those obtained by using the commonly adopted subcell-photocurrent-matching design rule, is discussed in detail. An output power density increase of ∼ 5% is realized in the solution determined by the rigorous analysis, as compared to that obtained with the subcell-photocurrent-matching rule. Additional interesting, non-intuitive results are also highlighted. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOVOLTAIC cells
KW  - DIRECT energy conversion
KW  - SOLAR energy
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - ELECTRIC current converters
KW  - PHOTONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15374393; Wanlass, M. W. 1 Albin, D. S. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO, U.S.A.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 738 Issue 1, p462; Subject Term: PHOTOVOLTAIC cells; Subject Term: DIRECT energy conversion; Subject Term: SOLAR energy; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC current converters; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221114 Solar Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1841925
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15374393&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - With, Kimberly A.
AU  - King, Anthony W.
T1  - The effect of landscape structure on community self-organization and critical biodiversity
JO  - Ecological Modelling
JF  - Ecological Modelling
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 179
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 366
SN  - 03043800
AB  - Critical biodiversity has been defined as the level of species richness at which communities are most susceptible to disturbance, where even small perturbations resulting from the introduction or extinction of a single species may trigger a mass extinction event. Beyond this threshold, it has been hypothesized that ordered communities with well-defined spatial structure will spontaneously form; these ordered communities are predicted to be resilient to small perturbations such that mass extinctions will no longer occur. We adopted a complex systems approach to explore how landscape pattern affected the critical biodiversity threshold (Sc) and the ability of communities to self-organize in heterogeneous random and fractal landscapes representing a gradient of spatial contagion. Communities that evolved in random and clumped fractal (H = 1.0) landscapes attained nearly the same average species richness (random S = 22, fractal S = 20.5), but the range of variation in community species richness was 3× greater in random landscapes (random CV = 66%, fractal CV = 21%). Some communities that formed on random landscapes collapsed completely and never recovered, whereas complete system collapse never occurred on landscapes with a high degree of spatial contagion (clumped fractal). Nevertheless, spatial contagion initially enhanced the susceptibility of communities to mass extinction, and thus the critical biodiversity threshold was higher in landscapes with high spatial contagion (random Sc = 15; clumped fractal Sc = 20). In other words, a greater number of species was ultimately required to buffer communities from the small perturbations that occasionally triggered mass extinctions on these highly ordered landscapes. The likelihood of attaining this critical biodiversity was also affected by landscape structure. Communities on clumped fractal landscapes evolved to (or got stuck at) the critical biodiversity threshold, whereas communities with an intermediate degree of order (H = 0.5) generally evolved beyond this point and attained a high level of species richness. Spatial structure is not a prerequisite for the emergence of community structure, but organized communities are inevitable in highly structured (ordered) landscapes. Order begets order and this order ultimately enhances system stability and the susceptibility of the system to mass extinction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ecological Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LANDSCAPES
KW  - BIODIVERSITY
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - ECOLOGY
KW  - Community assembly
KW  - Complex adaptive systems
KW  - Critical thresholds
KW  - Evolutionary trajectories
KW  - Neutral landscape models
KW  - Self-organized criticality
N1  - Accession Number: 14248866; With, Kimberly A. 1; Email Address: kwith@ksu.edu King, Anthony W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37763, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 179 Issue 3, p349; Subject Term: LANDSCAPES; Subject Term: BIODIVERSITY; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: ECOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Community assembly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Complex adaptive systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical thresholds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Evolutionary trajectories; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutral landscape models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Self-organized criticality; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.05.014
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14248866&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kerr, John B.
AU  - Han, Yong Bong
AU  - Liu, Gao
AU  - Reeder, Craig
AU  - Xie, Jiangbing
AU  - Sun, Xiaoguang
T1  - Interfacial behavior of polymer electrolytes
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 50
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 235
EP  - 242
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Abstract: Evidence is presented concerning the effect of surfaces on the segmental motion of PEO-based polymer electrolytes in lithium batteries. For dry systems with no moisture the effect of surfaces of nanoparticle fillers is to inhibit the segmental motion and to reduce the lithium ion transport. These effects also occur at the surfaces in composite electrodes that contain considerable quantities of carbon black nanoparticles for electronic connection. The problem of reduced polymer mobility is compounded by the generation of salt concentration gradients within the composite electrode. Highly concentrated polymer electrolytes have reduced transport properties due to the increased ionic cross-linking. Combined with the interfacial interactions this leads to the generation of low mobility electrolyte layers within the electrode and to loss of capacity and power capability. It is shown that even with planar lithium metal electrodes the concentration gradients can significantly impact the interfacial impedance. The interfacial impedance of lithium/PEO–LiTFSI cells varies depending upon the time elapsed since current was turned off after polarization. The behavior is consistent with relaxation of the salt concentration gradients and indicates that a portion of the interfacial impedance usually attributed to the SEI layer is due to concentrated salt solutions next to the electrode surfaces that are very resistive. These resistive layers may undergo actual phase changes in a non-uniform manner and the possible role of the reduced mobility polymer layers in dendrite initiation and growth is also explored. It is concluded that PEO and ethylene oxide-based polymers are less than ideal with respect to this interfacial behavior. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - ELECTRIC resistors
KW  - LITHIUM cells
KW  - Interfacial behavior
KW  - Lithium batteries
KW  - Polyelectrolytes
KW  - Polymer electrolytes
N1  - Accession Number: 18952338; Kerr, John B.; Email Address: jbkerr@lbl.gov Han, Yong Bong 1 Liu, Gao 1 Reeder, Craig 1 Xie, Jiangbing 1 Sun, Xiaoguang 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 62R0203, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94602, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 50 Issue 2/3, p235; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistors; Subject Term: LITHIUM cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lithium batteries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polyelectrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer electrolytes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.01.089
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=18952338&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zaghib, K.
AU  - Striebel, K.
AU  - Guerfi, A.
AU  - Shim, J.
AU  - Armand, M.
AU  - Gauthier, M
T1  - LiFePO4/polymer/natural graphite: low cost Li-ion batteries
JO  - Electrochimica Acta
JF  - Electrochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 50
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 270
SN  - 00134686
AB  - Abstract: The aging and performance of natural graphite/PEO-based gel electrolyte/LiFePO4 cells are reported. The gel polymer electrolytes were produced by electron-beam irradiation and then soaked in a liquid electrolyte. The natural graphite anode in gel electrolyte containing LiBF4-EC/GBL exhibited high reversible capacity (345mAh/g) and high coulombic efficiency (91%). The LiFePO4 cathode in the same gel-polymer exhibited a reversible capacity of 160mAh/g and 93% coulombic efficiency. Better performance was obtained at high-rate discharge with 6% carbon additive in the cathode, however the graphite anode performance suffers at high rate. The Li-ion gel polymer battery shows a capacity fade of 13% after 180 cycles and has poor performance at low temperature due to low diffusion of the lithium to the graphite in the GBL system. The LiFePO4/gel/Li system has an excellent rate capacity. LiFePO4 cathode material is suitable for HEV application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Electrochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - GELATION
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - Gel electrolyte
KW  - LiFePO4. Li-ion battery
KW  - Natural graphite
KW  - Polymer
N1  - Accession Number: 18952342; Zaghib, K. 1; Email Address: karimz@ireq.ca Striebel, K. 2 Guerfi, A. 1 Shim, J. 2 Armand, M. 3 Gauthier, M 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec (IREQ), 1800 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, Canada J3X 1S1  2: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Joint International Lab. CNRS/UdM UMR 2289 Département de Chimie, Université de Montèréal, P.O. Box 6128, QC, Canada, H3C 3J7; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 50 Issue 2/3, p263; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: GELATION; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gel electrolyte; Author-Supplied Keyword: LiFePO4. Li-ion battery; Author-Supplied Keyword: Natural graphite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polymer; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.02.073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hastings, M. B.
T1  - An-expansion for small-world networks.
JO  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 301
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346028
AB  - I construct a well-defined expansion infor diffusion processes on small-world networks. The technique permits one to calculate the average over disorder of moments of the Green’s function, and is used to calculate the average Green’s function and fluctuations to first non-leading order in, giving results which agree with numerics. This technique is also applicable to other problems of diffusion in random media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal B -- Condensed Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - GREEN'S functions
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - POTENTIAL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16212869; Hastings, M. B. 1; Email Address: hastings@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: T-13 and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p297; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: GREEN'S functions; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: POTENTIAL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epjb/e2004-00383-6
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Melikidze, Akakii
AU  - Kun Yang
T1  - EFFECTS OF QUANTUM HALL EDGE RECONSTRUCTION ON MOMENUM-RESOLVED TUNNELING.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3521
EP  - 3526
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - During the reconstruction of the edge of a quantum Hall liquid. Coulomb interaction energy is lowered through the change in the structure of the edge. We use theory developed earlier by one of the authors [K. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 036802 (2003)] to calculate the electron spectral functions of a reconstructed edge, and study the consequences of the edge reconstruction for the momentum-resolved tunneling into the edge. It is found that additional excitation modes that appear after the reconstruction produce distinct features in the energy and momentum dependence of the spectral function, which can be used to detect the presence of edge reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM Hall effect
KW  - TUNNELING (Physics)
KW  - COULOMB excitation
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - edge reconstruction
KW  - Quantum Hall effect
KW  - tunneling
N1  - Accession Number: 16561054; Melikidze, Akakii 1 Kun Yang 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dime Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3521; Subject Term: QUANTUM Hall effect; Subject Term: TUNNELING (Physics); Subject Term: COULOMB excitation; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: edge reconstruction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum Hall effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: tunneling; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lai, K.
AU  - Pan, W.
AU  - Tsui, D. C.
AU  - Lyon, S.
AU  - Muhlberger, M.
AU  - Schaffler, F.
T1  - THE TWO-FLUX COMPOSITE FERMION SERIES OF FRACTIONAL QUANTUM HALL STATES IN STRAINED (100) Si.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3533
EP  - 3535
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - Magnetotransport properties are studied in a high-mobility 2DES in the strained Si quantum well. We observe around ν = ½ the two-flux composite fermion (CF2) series of the FQHE states at ν = ⅔, ⅗, &frac47;, and at ν = &frac49;, ⅖, ⅓. Of the CF series, the ν = ⅗ state is weaker than the nearby &frac47; state and the &frac37; state is missing, resembling the observation that the ν = 3 is weaker than the ν = 4 state. Our data indicate that the CF model still applies for the multivalley Si/SiGe system when taking into account the two-fold valley degeneracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM Hall effect
KW  - SILICON
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - FERMIONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM statistics
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - composite fermion
KW  - fractional quantum Hall effect
KW  - Strained Si
N1  - Accession Number: 16561062; Lai, K. 1; Email Address: klai@princeton.edu Pan, W. 2; Email Address: wpan@sandia.gov Tsui, D. C. 1 Lyon, S. 1 Muhlberger, M. 3 Schaffler, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185  3: Institut fur Halbleiterphysik, Universitat Linz, Linz, Austria; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3533; Subject Term: QUANTUM Hall effect; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: FERMIONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM statistics; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: composite fermion; Author-Supplied Keyword: fractional quantum Hall effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strained Si; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Yong P.
AU  - Wang, Z. H.
AU  - Lewis, R. M.
AU  - Ye, P. D.
AU  - Engel, L. W.
AU  - Tsui, D. C.
AU  - Pfeiffer, L. N.
AU  - West, K. W.
T1  - AC MAGNETOTRANSPORT IN REENTRANT INSULATING PHASES OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRONS NEAR 1/5 AND 1/3 LANDAU FILLINGS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3553
EP  - 3556
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We have measured high frequency magnetotransport of a high quality two-dimensional electron system (2DES) near the reentrant insulating phase (RIP) at Landau fillings (ν) between &rac15; and &frac29;. The magnetoconductivity in the RIP has resonant behavior around 150 MHz, showing a peak at &nu∼0.21. Our data support the interpretation of the RIP as due to some pinned electron solid. We have also investigated a narrowly confined 2DES recently found to have a RIP at ⅓<ν<½ and we have revealed features, not seen in DC transport, that suggest some intriguing interplay between the ⅓ FQHE and RIP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - QUANTUM Hall effect
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - 2DES
KW  - high-frequency transport
KW  - Reentrant insulating phase
N1  - Accession Number: 16561079; Chen, Yong P. 1,2; Email Address: yongchen@princeton.edu Wang, Z. H. 2,3 Lewis, R. M. 1,2 Ye, P. D. 4 Engel, L. W. 2 Tsui, D. C. 1 Pfeiffer, L. N. 5 West, K. W. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  3: Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA  4: Agere Systems, Allentown, PA 18109, USA  5: Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3553; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: QUANTUM Hall effect; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2DES; Author-Supplied Keyword: high-frequency transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reentrant insulating phase; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pan, W.
AU  - Reno, J. L.
AU  - Simmons, J. A.
T1  - HYSTERESIS IN THE QUANTUM HALL REGIMES IN ELECTRON DOUBLE-QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3671
EP  - 3676
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We present in this paper the experimental results of transport hysteresis in an extremely imbalanced electron double-quantum-well (DQW) structure. The ratio of the top layer density (ntop) to bottom layer density (nbot) is continuously tuned by applying voltage to a front gate. Under a condition when the top layer is nearly depleted (ntop ∼ 3 × 1010 cm-2) while the bottom layer remains at nbot = 1.9 × 1011 cm-2, the hysteresis is absent in the B sweeps as long as the total Landau level filling v < 1 and the 2D electron systems are in the fractional quantum Hall effect regime. Surprisingly, a large hysteresis is observed during the gate sweeps at the same values of B and ntop. We attribute this unexpected hysteresis to the formation of an insulating state, probably a weakly pinned Wigner solid state, in the top layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - ELECTRON transport
KW  - QUANTUM Hall effect
KW  - HYSTERESIS
KW  - LANDAU levels
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Double quantum well structures
KW  - electronic transport
KW  - hysteresis
N1  - Accession Number: 16562581; Pan, W. 1; Email Address: wpan@sandia.gov Reno, J. L. 1 Simmons, J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0601, Albuquerque, NM 87185; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3671; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: ELECTRON transport; Subject Term: QUANTUM Hall effect; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS; Subject Term: LANDAU levels; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double quantum well structures; Author-Supplied Keyword: electronic transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: hysteresis; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Syed, S.
AU  - Wang, Y. J.
AU  - Stormer, H. L.
AU  - Manfra, M. J.
AU  - Pfeiffer, L. N.
AU  - West, K. W.
AU  - Molnar, R.
T1  - LARGE CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE LINE SPLITTING OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRONS IN AlGaN/GaN AND AlGaAs/GaAs HETEROSTRUCTURES.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3761
EP  - 3768
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - Large cyclotron-resonance (CR) line splittings have been observed previously in two-dimensional (2D) electrons in AlGaN/GaN and in GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunctions. The features resemble a level anti-crossing and imply a strong interaction with an unknown excitation of the solid. The origin of this phenomenon remains unexplained. This paper reviews the existing data and presents some recently detected correlations of the splitting with other sample parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROJUNCTIONS
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - QUANTUM electrodynamics
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - cyclotron resonance
KW  - GaN
KW  - two-dimensional electrons
N1  - Accession Number: 16563378; Syed, S. 1; Email Address: sheyum@mail.physics.uiuc.edu Wang, Y. J. 2 Stormer, H. L. 3 Manfra, M. J. 4 Pfeiffer, L. N. 4 West, K. W. 4 Molnar, R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306  3: Dept. cf Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, Dept. of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 and Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ 07974  4: Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ 07974  5: MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA 02420-0122; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3761; Subject Term: HETEROJUNCTIONS; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: QUANTUM electrodynamics; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: cyclotron resonance; Author-Supplied Keyword: GaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-dimensional electrons; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Furis, Madalina
AU  - Barrick, Todd
AU  - Robbins, Patrick
AU  - Crooker, Scott A.
AU  - Petruska, Melissa
AU  - Klimov, Victor
AU  - Efros, Al. L.
T1  - EXCITON SPIN STATES IN NANOCRYSTAL QUANTUM DOTS REVEALED BY SPIN-POLARIZED RESONANT PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3769
EP  - 3774
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We performed spin-polarized resonant Raman and resonant photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy (also known as ‘fluorescence line narrowing’) on ZnS-capped CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots in high magnetic fields to 33 Tesla and temperatures down to 1.7K, which allows detailed investigation of the excitonic spin states. In these experiments, spin-polarized electrons and holes are resonantly injected by circularly polarized light into colloidal quantum dots of specific size, using a narrowband tunable dye laser and a fiber-coupled probe that is specially-designed for use in high-field magnets. In addition to the expected broad features associated with excitonic recombination and Raman-like peaks associated with quantized acoustic phonons, the photoluminescence spectra measured at magnetic fields larger than 10 Tesla develop a sharp peak, which moves roughly linearly with applied magnetic field. Further, the energy of this high-field peak varies systematically as a function of nanocrystal size. However, unlike typical electron spin flip transitions, the mode energy extrapolates to a finite value at zero magnetic field, suggesting the existence of an additional size-dependent exchange mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - QUANTUM dots
KW  - EXCITON theory
KW  - ELECTRONIC excitation
KW  - SPINTRONICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - CdSe nanocrystals
KW  - line-narrowing
KW  - photoluminescence
KW  - Zeeman splitting
N1  - Accession Number: 16563381; Furis, Madalina 1; Email Address: mfuris@lanl.gov Barrick, Todd 1 Robbins, Patrick 1 Crooker, Scott A. 1 Petruska, Melissa 2 Klimov, Victor 2 Efros, Al. L. 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA  2: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA  3: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3769; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: QUANTUM dots; Subject Term: EXCITON theory; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC excitation; Subject Term: SPINTRONICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdSe nanocrystals; Author-Supplied Keyword: line-narrowing; Author-Supplied Keyword: photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zeeman splitting; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimata, M.
AU  - Ohta, H.
AU  - Koyama, K.
AU  - Oshima, Y.
AU  - Motokawa, M.
AU  - Yamamoto, H. M.
AU  - Kato, R.
T1  - DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIGH FIELD MAGNETO-OPTICAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEM WITH A ROTATIONAL CAVITY FOR THE STUDY OF ORGANIC CONDUCTORS.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3803
EP  - 3806
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We have developed a new magneto-optical measurement system with a rotational cavity. It consists of a millimeter vector network analyzer and a 15T solenoid type superconducting magnet and it can go down to 1.5 K. The rotational cavity can be used in the transmission configuration and the rotation can be performed up to almost 360 degrees in 1 degree precision. We will show the magneto-optical measurement results of β″-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ) using our new system. We observe the quasi-two-dimensional periodic orbit resonance (POR) in β″-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ). The Fermi surfaces of this system will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETOOPTICS
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - ORGANIC conductors
KW  - FERMI surfaces
KW  - CYCLOTRON resonance
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - β"-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ)
KW  - a rotational cavity
KW  - magneto-optical measurement
KW  - periodic orbit resonance
N1  - Accession Number: 16563399; Kimata, M. 1 Ohta, H. 2,3; Email Address: ohta@phys.sci.kobe-u.ac.jp Koyama, K. 4 Oshima, Y. 1,5 Motokawa, M. 4 Yamamoto, H. M. 6 Kato, R. 6; Affiliation:  1: The Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan  2: Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan  3: Venture Business Laboratory, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan  4: High Field Laboratory for Superconducting Materials, Institute for Material Research, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan  5: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA  6: RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3803; Subject Term: MAGNETOOPTICS; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: ORGANIC conductors; Subject Term: FERMI surfaces; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON resonance; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: β"-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ); Author-Supplied Keyword: a rotational cavity; Author-Supplied Keyword: magneto-optical measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: periodic orbit resonance; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jho, Y. D.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Kyrychenko, F. V.
AU  - Reitze, D. H.
AU  - Stanton, C. J.
AU  - Kono, J.
AU  - Wei, X.
AU  - Crooker, S. A.
AU  - Kadow, C.
AU  - Gossard, A. C.
T1  - INTERBAND MAGNETO-SPECTROSCOPY OF A HIGH-DENSITY TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON GAS IN A STRONG IN-PLANE MAGNETIC FIELD.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3831
EP  - 3834
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - We report results of temperature and field dependent studies of interband optical absorption and photoluminescence in a two-dimensional electron gas in a strong in-plane magnetic field (up to 45 T). We observe a field dependent shift of the Fermi energy with both the magnitude and sign of the shift varying with magnetic field. Simultaneous low temperature magneto-photoluminescence measurements reveal a monotonically increasing blue shift accompanied by a quenching of the intensity. A theoretical treatment based on a single particle picture and taking into account the diamagnetic shift as well as a shift due to an anisotropic effective mass cannot qualitatively reproduce our experimental results, indicating that many-body interactions may be important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - 2DEG
KW  - Fermi-energy
KW  - in-plane magnetic field
N1  - Accession Number: 16563419; Jho, Y. D. 1; Email Address: ydjho@magnet.fsu.edu Wang, X. 1 Kyrychenko, F. V. 1 Reitze, D. H. 1 Stanton, C. J. 1 Kono, J. 2 Wei, X. 3 Crooker, S. A. 4 Kadow, C. 5 Gossard, A. C. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA  3: NHMFL, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, TX 77005, USA  4: NHMFL,Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  5: Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3831; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2DEG; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fermi-energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: in-plane magnetic field; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewis, R. A.
AU  - Wang, Y.-J.
T1  - MAGNETOSPECTROSCOPY OF Zn-DOPED InP TO 30 T.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3839
EP  - 3842
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - Zn-doped p-type InP has been examined by far-infrared absorption magnetospectroscopy to fields much higher than previously. The impurity-related transitions observed confirm and greatly extend previous data and reveal new phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CHARGE transfer
KW  - PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - acceptor
KW  - far-infrared absorption
KW  - InP
KW  - Magnetospectroscopy
KW  - THz
KW  - Zn
N1  - Accession Number: 16563426; Lewis, R. A. 1; Email Address: roger_lewis@uow.edu.au Wang, Y.-J. 2; Email Address: wang@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW 2522, Australia  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University, 1800 Paul Drive Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3839; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CHARGE transfer; Subject Term: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: acceptor; Author-Supplied Keyword: far-infrared absorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: InP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetospectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: THz; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zn; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stowe, Ashley C.
AU  - van Tol, Johan
AU  - Dalal, Naresh S.
AU  - Collison, David
AU  - Jones, Leigh
AU  - Tabernor, James
AU  - Brechin, Euan K.
T1  - VARIABLE FREQUENCY EPR STUDIES OF A CENTERED FeIII TETRAHEDRON.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 18
IS  - 27-29
M3  - Article
SP  - 3853
EP  - 3856
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02179792
AB  - High frequency EPR investigations have been undertaken to gain insight into the spin environment of a novel pentanuclear FeIII cluster, [Fe5O2(OMe)2(Bta)4(BtaH)/(MeOH)5Cl5] (Fe5Bta). The elongated, centered ferric tetrahedron contains five FeIII ions with a S = &frac152; ground spin state. Variable temperature EPR suggests that the first paramagnetic excited spin state is low lying. Employing high frequencies and fields in the EPK experiments allows for resolution of g anisotropy of the FeIII centers. We therefore are able to determine the g value of the FeIII ion precisely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics B: Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics; Applied Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPINTRONICS
KW  - IRON ions
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PARAMAGNETISM
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - Fe5
KW  - HFEPR
N1  - Accession Number: 16563541; Stowe, Ashley C. 1; Email Address: stowe@magnet.fsu.edu van Tol, Johan 1 Dalal, Naresh S. 1 Collison, David 2 Jones, Leigh 2 Tabernor, James 2 Brechin, Euan K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, M13 9PL; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 18 Issue 27-29, p3853; Subject Term: SPINTRONICS; Subject Term: IRON ions; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PARAMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fe5; Author-Supplied Keyword: HFEPR; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kazmirski, Steven L.
AU  - Podobnik, Marjetka
AU  - Weitze, Tanya F.
AU  - O'Donnell, Mike
AU  - Kuriyan, John
T1  - Structural analysis of the inactive state of the Escherichia coil DNA polymerase clamp-loader complex.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/11/30/
VL  - 101
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 16750
EP  - 16755
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Clamp-loader complexes are heteropentameric AAA+ ATPases that load sliding clamps onto DNA. The structure of the nucleotide-free Escherkhia coil clamp loader had been determined previously and led to the proposal that the clamp-loader cycles between an inactive state, in which the ATPase domains form a closed ring, and an active state that opens up to form a "C" shapes The crystal structure was interpreted as being closer to the active state than the inactive state. The crystal structure of a nucleotide-bound eukaryotic clamp loader [replication factor C (RFC)] revealed a different and more tightly packed spiral organization of the ATPase domains, raising questions about the significance of the conformation seen earlier for the bacterial clamp loader. We describe crystal structures of the E. coil clamp-loader complex bound to the ATP analog ATPγS (at a resolution of 3.5 Å) and ADP (at a resolution of 4.1 Å). These structures are similar to that of the nucleotide-free clamp-loader complex. Only two of the three functional ATP-binding sites are occupied by ATPγS or ADP in these structures, and the bound nucleotides make no interfacial contacts in the complex. These results, along with data from isothermal titration calorimetry, molecular dynamics simulations, and comparison with the RFC structure, suggest that the more open form of the E. coil clamp loader described earlier and in the present work corresponds to a stable inactive state of the clamp loader in which the ATPase domains are prevented from engaging the clamp in the highly cooperative manner seen in the fully ATP-loaded RFC-clamp structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DNA polymerases
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - ADENOSINE triphosphatase
KW  - NUCLEOTIDES
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - BINDING sites (Biochemistry)
KW  - AAA+ ATPase
KW  - clamp loader
KW  - DNA polymerase III
KW  - DNA replication
KW  - replication factor C
N1  - Accession Number: 15357034; Kazmirski, Steven L. 1,2,3 Podobnik, Marjetka 1,2,4 Weitze, Tanya F. 1,2,3 O'Donnell, Mike 5 Kuriyan, John 1,2,3; Email Address: kuriyan@berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  3: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.  4: National Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Biotransformation, P.O. Box 660, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.  5: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021; Source Info: 11/30/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 48, p16750; Subject Term: DNA polymerases; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: ADENOSINE triphosphatase; Subject Term: NUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: BINDING sites (Biochemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: AAA+ ATPase; Author-Supplied Keyword: clamp loader; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA polymerase III; Author-Supplied Keyword: DNA replication; Author-Supplied Keyword: replication factor C; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0407904101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terwilliger, Thomas C.
T1  - Using prime-and-switch phasing to reduce model bias in molecular replacement.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/12//Dec2004 Part 1
VL  - 60
IS  - 12p1
M3  - Article
SP  - 2144
EP  - 2149
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Atomic models are commonly used to calculate phases in Re macromolecular crystallography. When combined with measured amplitudes, model-based phases yield electron- density maps with features of the correct structure but with a significant bias towards features of the model. The present contribution shows applications of the technique of prime- and-switch phasing to reduce this bias. An atomic model is used to generate phases that are close to the correct set but that may be biased. An unbiased source of phase information, an estimate of the probability that the electron-density map corresponds to a macromolecule, is then used to select a set of phases that are near the biased set, without further reference to the biased phases. The probability that the electron-density map corresponds to a macromolecule is based on agreement of the map with expectations such as a flat solvent region. Prime-and-switch phasing can be useful even for crystals with low solvent content and may reduce errors in interpretation of electron density in a wide range of applications of macro- molecular crystallography, including molecular replacement, model building, ligand-binding and conformation-change studies, refinement and structure validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ATOMIC models
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
N1  - Accession Number: 15226558; Terwilliger, Thomas C. 1; Email Address: terwilliger@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: Dec2004 Part 1, Vol. 60 Issue 12p1, p2144; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ATOMIC models; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904019535
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zwart, P. H.
AU  - Langer, G. G.
AU  - Lamzin, V. S.
T1  - Modelling bound ligands in protein crystal structures.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
JF  - Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell)
Y1  - 2004/12//Dec2004 Part 1
VL  - 60
IS  - 12p1
M3  - Article
SP  - 2230
EP  - 2239
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 09074449
AB  - Methods for automated identification and building of protein- bound ligands in electron-density maps are described. An error model of the geometrical features of the molecular structure of a ligand based on a lattice distribution of positional parameters is obtained via simulation and is used for the construction of an approximate likelihood scoring function. This scoring function combined with a graph-based search technique provides a flexible model-building scheme and its application shows promising initial results. Several ligands with sizes ranging from 9 to 44 non-H atoms have been identified in various X-ray structures and built in an automatic way using a minimal amount of prior stereochemical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Crystallographica: Section D (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
KW  - MOLECULAR structure
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 15226431; Zwart, P. H. 1 Langer, G. G. 2 Lamzin, V. S. 2; Email Address: victor@embl-hamburg.de; Affiliation:  1: SAIC-Frederick/Department of Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, Building 25A, 22603 Hamburg, Germany.; Source Info: Dec2004 Part 1, Vol. 60 Issue 12p1, p2230; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: LIGANDS (Biochemistry); Subject Term: MOLECULAR structure; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0907444904012995
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radovic, M.
AU  - Lara-Curzio, E.
T1  - Mechanical properties of tape cast nickel-based anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells before and after reduction in hydrogen
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 52
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 5747
EP  - 5756
SN  - 13596454
AB  - The processing of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) often involves co-sintering of multi-layered stacks. In the case of SOFCs incorporating Ni-based anodes, hydrogen reduction of the anode usually takes place during the first service cycle of operation or conditioning. Initial reduction causes changes in the chemistry, microstructure and properties of the Ni-based anode material, which in turn induce mechanical stresses in the cell. In this study the elastic moduli, biaxial strength and fracture toughness of unreduced (NiO-YSZ) and reduced (Ni-YSZ) anode were determined as functions of porosity. Elastic properties were determined by impulse excitation at ambient temperature. Biaxial strength and fracture toughness were determined at ambient temperature by the ring-on-ring and double torsion test methods, respectively. It was found that the mechanical properties of unreduced and reduced Ni-based anode materials depend strongly on porosity. Property–porosity trends were found to be in good agreement with prediction of the minimum solid area model. Results presented in this study show that the elastic moduli and biaxial strength of the Ni-based anode material decreases after reduction in hydrogen while fracture toughness increases after reduction due to formation of ductile Ni-metal phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - BIOMECHANICS
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - ANODES
KW  - NICKEL
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - Elastic behavior
KW  - Fracture
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - SOFC
KW  - Toughness
N1  - Accession Number: 14784056; Radovic, M. 1; Email Address: radovicm@ornl.gov Lara-Curzio, E.; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 3783 16069, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 52 Issue 20, p5747; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: BIOMECHANICS; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: ANODES; Subject Term: NICKEL; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Elastic behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrogen; Author-Supplied Keyword: SOFC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toughness; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416210 Metal service centres; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.08.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soer, W.A.
AU  - Hosson, J.Th.M. De
AU  - Minor, A.M.
AU  - Morris, J.W.
AU  - Stach, E.A.
T1  - Effects of solute Mg on grain boundary and dislocation dynamics during nanoindentation of Al–Mg thin films
JO  - Acta Materialia
JF  - Acta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 52
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 5783
EP  - 5790
SN  - 13596454
AB  - Using in situ nanoindentation in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) the indentation-induced plasticity in ultrafine-grained Al and Al–Mg thin films has been studied, together with conventional quantitative ex situ nanoindentations. Extensive grain boundary motion has been observed in pure Al, whereas Mg solutes effectively pin high-angle grain boundaries in the Al–Mg alloy films. The proposed mechanism for this pinning is a change in the atomic structure of the boundaries, possibly aided by solute drag on extrinsic grain boundary dislocations. The mobility of low-angle boundaries is not affected by the presence of Mg. Based on the direct observations of incipient plasticity in Al and Al–Mg, it was concluded that solute drag accounts for the absence of discrete strain bursts in indentation of Al–Mg. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Acta Materialia is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - THIN films
KW  - ATOMIC structure
KW  - CRYSTAL grain boundaries
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - Aluminum alloys
KW  - Dislocation dynamics
KW  - Grain boundary motion
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14784060; Soer, W.A. 1 Hosson, J.Th.M. De; Email Address: hossonj@phys.rug.nl Minor, A.M. 2 Morris, J.W. 3 Stach, E.A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Applied Physics, Materials Science Center and Netherlands Institute for Metals Research, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 72, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 66, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 52 Issue 20, p5783; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: ATOMIC structure; Subject Term: CRYSTAL grain boundaries; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: Aluminum alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Grain boundary motion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.08.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qafoku, Nikolla P.
AU  - Van Ranst, Eric
AU  - Noble, Andrew
AU  - Baert, Geert
T1  - VARIABLE CHARGE SOILS:  THEIR MINERALOGY, CHEMISTRY AND MANAGEMENT.
JO  - Advances in Agronomy
JF  - Advances in Agronomy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 84
M3  - Article
SP  - 159
EP  - 215
SN  - 00652113
AB  - Soils in the Oxisols, Ultisols, Alfisols, Spodosols and Andisols orders that are rich in constituents with surface reactive groups with amphoteric properties are considered variable charge soils (VCS). They have developed under intensive weathering in subtropical and tropical regions or from volcanic ash parent material. The magnitude and sign of the surface charge of variable charge constituents depend on the chemistry of the contacting solution (pH and ionic strength). The mineralogical, physical and chemical characteristics of these soil systems are different from those observed in soil systems of temperate regions. In this chapter, the mineralogy, chemistry and management of VCS are reviewed and discussed, focusing on the chemistry of these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Agronomy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VARIABLE charge soils
KW  - MINERALOGICAL chemistry
KW  - OXISOLS
KW  - ALFISOLS
KW  - SPODOSOLS
KW  - WEATHERING
KW  - TEMPERATE climate
N1  - Accession Number: 14320188; Qafoku, Nikolla P. 1 Van Ranst, Eric 2 Noble, Andrew 3 Baert, Geert 4; Affiliation:  1: Battelle-Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington USA  2: Ghent University, Gent, Belgium  3: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Bangkok, Thailand  4: Hogeschool Gent, Gent, Belgium; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 84, p159; Subject Term: VARIABLE charge soils; Subject Term: MINERALOGICAL chemistry; Subject Term: OXISOLS; Subject Term: ALFISOLS; Subject Term: SPODOSOLS; Subject Term: WEATHERING; Subject Term: TEMPERATE climate; Number of Pages: 57p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 4 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/S0065-2113(04)84004-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.
AU  - Meakin, Paul
AU  - Huang, Hai
T1  - Stochastic analysis of immiscible displacement of the fluids with arbitrary viscosities and its dependence on support scale of hydrological data
JO  - Advances in Water Resources
JF  - Advances in Water Resources
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 27
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1151
EP  - 1166
SN  - 03091708
AB  - Abstract: Stochastic analysis is commonly used to address uncertainty in the modeling of flow and transport in porous media. In the stochastic approach, the properties of porous media are treated as random functions with statistics obtained from field measurements. Several studies indicate that hydrological properties depend on the scale of measurements or support scales, but most stochastic analysis does not address the effects of support scale on stochastic predictions of subsurface processes. In this work we propose a new approach to study the scale dependence of stochastic predictions. We present a stochastic analysis of immiscible fluid–fluid displacement in randomly heterogeneous porous media. While existing solutions are applicable only to systems in which the viscosity of one phase is negligible compare with the viscosity of the other (water–air systems for example), our solutions can be applied to the immiscible displacement of fluids having arbitrarily viscosities such as NAPL–water and water–oil. Treating intrinsic permeability as a random field with statistics dependant on the permeability support scale (scale of measurements) we obtained, for one-dimensional systems, analytical solutions for the first moments characterizing unbiased predictions (estimates) of system variables, such as the pressure and fluid–fluid interface position, and we also obtained second moments, which characterize the uncertainties associated with such predictions. Next we obtained empirically scale dependent exponential correlation function of the intrinsic permeability that allowed us to study solutions of stochastic equations as a function of the support scale. We found that the first and second moments converge to asymptotic values as the support scale decreases. In our examples, the statistical moments reached asymptotic values for support scale that were approximately 1/10000 of the flow domain size. We show that analytical moment solutions compare well with the results of Monte Carlo simulations for moderately heterogeneous porous media, and that they can be used to study the effects of heterogeneity on the dynamics and stability of immiscible flow. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Advances in Water Resources is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OSMOSIS
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - POROUS materials
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - Front instability
KW  - Heterogeneity
KW  - Immiscible displacement
KW  - Stochastic analysis
KW  - Support scale
N1  - Accession Number: 15584064; Tartakovsky, Alexandre M. 1; Email Address: alexandre.tartakovsky@pnl.gov Meakin, Paul 2 Huang, Hai 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Computational Sciences & Mathematics, P.O. Box 999/MS K1-85 Richland, WA 99352, USA  2: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, MS 2025 Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 27 Issue 12, p1151; Subject Term: OSMOSIS; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: POROUS materials; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Front instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterogeneity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immiscible displacement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stochastic analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Support scale; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.09.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batani, D.
AU  - Baton, S. D.
AU  - Manclossi, M.
AU  - Amiranoff, F.
AU  - Koenig, M.
AU  - Santos, J. J.
AU  - Martinolli, E.
AU  - Gremillet, L.
AU  - Popescu, H.
AU  - Antonicci, A.
AU  - Rousseaux, C.
AU  - Rabec Le Gloahec, M.
AU  - Hall, T.
AU  - Malka, V.
AU  - Cowan, T. E.
AU  - Stephens, R.
AU  - Key, M.
AU  - King, J.
AU  - Freeman, R.
T1  - Propagation In Matter Of Currents Of Relativistic Electrons Beyond The Alfven Limit, Produced In Ultra-High-Intensity Short-Pulse Laser-Matter Interactions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 740
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 446
EP  - 457
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper reports the results of several experiments performed at the LULI laboratory (Palaiseau, France) concerning the propagation of large relativistic currents in matter from ultra-high-intensity laser pulse interaction with target. We present our results according to the type of diagnostics used in the experiments: 1) Kα emission and Kα imaging, 2) study of target rear side emission in the visible region, 3) time resolved optical shadowgraphy. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - ULTRASHORT laser pulses
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 15696662; Batani, D. 1,2 Baton, S. D. 3 Manclossi, M. 1,2 Amiranoff, F. 3 Koenig, M. 3 Santos, J. J. 2,3 Martinolli, E. 1,3 Gremillet, L. 3 Popescu, H. 3 Antonicci, A. 1 Rousseaux, C. 4 Rabec Le Gloahec, M. 4 Hall, T. 5 Malka, V. 2 Cowan, T. E. 6 Stephens, R. 6 Key, M. 7 King, J. 8 Freeman, R. 8; Affiliation:  1: Dipartimento di Fisica "G.Occhialini", INFM, Universit&grave; di Milano-Bicocca, Italy  2: Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, UMR ENSTA-CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France  3: Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, UMR 7605 CNRS-CEA-X-Paris VI, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France  4: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Bruyères-le-Chaâtel, France  5: University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK  6: Inertial Fusion Technology Division, Fusion Group, General Atomics, San Diego, CA  7: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA  8: Department of Applied Sciences, University of California Davis, CA 95616; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 740 Issue 1, p446; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: ULTRASHORT laser pulses; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC waves; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1843526
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jackson, J. D.
T1  - Torque or no torque? Simple charged particle motion observed in different inertial frames.
JO  - American Journal of Physics
JF  - American Journal of Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 72
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1484
EP  - 1487
SN  - 00029505
AB  - In a given inertial frame, a charged particle initially at rest moves in the central electric field caused by a fixed charge at the origin. The particle has no initial angular momentum and experiences no torque. However, in an inertial frame moving with a nonvanishing velocity with respect to the first, the charged particle's motion is subject to the Lorentz force with both electric and magnetic fields produced by the ‘fixed’ charge, which is now in uniform motion. The charged particle experiences a torque from the magnetic part of the force; its nonvanishing angular momentum changes in time. This puzzle is analyzed in detail from different reference frames. The chief characteristic of the motion, independent of the choice of the inertial frame, is the constancy in time of the orientation of the relative coordinate r as the particle moves with respect to the fixed (or uniformly moving) charge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of American Journal of Physics is the property of American Association of Physics Teachers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TORQUE
KW  - INERTIA (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MOTION
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15370814; Jackson, J. D. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 72 Issue 12, p1484; Subject Term: TORQUE; Subject Term: INERTIA (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MOTION; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1119/1.1783902
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, Fred
T1  - Amyloid formation: an emulation of matrix protein assembly?
JO  - Amyloid
JF  - Amyloid
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 232
EP  - 244
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13506129
AB  - Although more than 20 different proteins are now associated with the amyloidoses, the fibrils share many properties. Despite disparity in primary and tertiary structures of the subunit proteins, assembled fibrils exhibit similar morphology, binding of Congo red, interaction with Thioflavine T, formation of complexes with serum amyloid P component, apolipoprotein E, several glycosaminoglycans, the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts and cross-recognition by some monoclonal antibodies. Thus, it is probable that the mechanism of amyloid generation involves a generic process that can be evoked by most, if not all, proteins under conditions that degrade the native conformation. As suggested by others, the beta-helix or beta-roll conformation may be the unifying element of fibril conformations. Several proteins that have evolved to form physiologically useful amyloid-like fibrils, as well as some proteins associated with pathological amyloidoses, exhibit sequence repeat patterns that may facilitate beta-roll or beta-helix formation. Threading analyses of 2 natural amyloid-forming proteins, curli and human Pmel 17, indicate compatibility of their primary structures with both beta sandwich and beta-helix conformations, suggesting a possible innate conformational pliability. In addition, these results may suggest that the misfolded form of some proteins that are associated with conformational disease may be the native conformation of other proteins to which they are linked by evolution. Finally, since many matrix and structural proteins are known to incorporate numerous tandem repeat sequence elements, we propose that the mechanism of fibril formation is fundamentally related to a general protein assembly process that is integral to the generation of cells and tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Amyloid is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMYLOID
KW  - PROTEIN metabolism disorders
KW  - GLYCOPROTEINS
KW  - DRUG receptors
KW  - BLOOD plasma
KW  - APOLIPOPROTEIN E
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - beta helix
KW  - beta roll
KW  - evolution
KW  - matrix protein
KW  - sequence repeats
N1  - Accession Number: 15381894; Stevens, Fred 1; Email Address: fstevens@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p232; Subject Term: AMYLOID; Subject Term: PROTEIN metabolism disorders; Subject Term: GLYCOPROTEINS; Subject Term: DRUG receptors; Subject Term: BLOOD plasma; Subject Term: APOLIPOPROTEIN E; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Author-Supplied Keyword: beta helix; Author-Supplied Keyword: beta roll; Author-Supplied Keyword: evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: matrix protein; Author-Supplied Keyword: sequence repeats; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414510 Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/13506120400016265
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cooper, Helen J.
AU  - Heath, John K.
AU  - Jaffray, Ellis
AU  - Hay, Ronald T.
AU  - Lam, Tukiet T.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Identification of Sites of Ubiquitination in Proteins: A Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry Approach.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 6982
EP  - 6988
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Structural elucidation of posttranslationally modified peptides and proteins is of key importance in the understanding of an array of biological processes. Ubiquitination is a reversible modification that regulates many cellular functions. Consequences of ubiquitination depend on whether a single ubiquitin or polyubiquitin chain is added to the tagged protein. The lysine residue through which the polyubiquitin chain is formed is also critical for biological activity. Robust methods are therefore required to identify sites of ubiquilination modification, both in the target protein and in ubiquitin. Here, we demonstrate the suitability of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry, in conjunction with activated ion electron capture dissociation (Al ECD) or infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD), for the analysis of ubiquitinated proteins. Polyubiquitinated substrate protein GST-Ubc5 was generated in vitro. Tryptic digests of polyubiquitinated species contain modified peptides in which the ubiquitin C-terminal Gly-Gly residues are retained on the modified lysine residues. Direct infusion microelectrospray Fr-ICR of the digest and comparison with an in silico digest enables identification of modified peptides and therefore sites of ubiquitination. Fifteen sites of ubiquitination were identified in GST-Ubc5 and four sites in ubiquilin. Assignments were confirmed by Al ECD or IRMPD. The Gly-Gly modification is stable and both tandem mass spectrometric techniques are suitable, providing extensive sequence coverage and retention of the modification on backbone fragments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEPTIDES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry
KW  - MULTIPHOTON processes
KW  - LYSINE
KW  - MASS spectrometry
N1  - Accession Number: 15320320; Cooper, Helen J. 1; Email Address: H.J.Cooper@bham.aC.tlk. Heath, John K. 1 Jaffray, Ellis 2 Hay, Ronald T. 2 Lam, Tukiet T. 3 Marshall, Alan G. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 21T, U.K.  2: Centre for Biomolecular sciences, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland,  3: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4005  4: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 23, p6982; Subject Term: PEPTIDES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ION cyclotron resonance spectrometry; Subject Term: MULTIPHOTON processes; Subject Term: LYSINE; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Talley, Chad E.
AU  - Jusinski, Leonard
AU  - Hollars, Christopher W.
AU  - Lane, Stephen M.
AU  - Husert, Thomas
T1  - Intracellular pH Sensors Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 76
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7064
EP  - 7068
SN  - 00032700
AB  - We present the development of nanoscale pH sensors based on functionalized silver nanoparticles and surface- enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The SERS spectrum from individual silver nanoparticle (50-80 nm in diameter) clusters functionalized with 4-mercaptobenzoic acid shows a characteristic response to the pH of the surrounding solution and is sensitive to pH changes in the range of 6-8. Measurements from nanoparticles incorporated in living Chinese hamster ovary cells demonstrate that the nanoparticle sensors retain their robust signal and sensitivity to pH when incorporated into a cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - SILVER
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - CELLS
KW  - OVARIES
N1  - Accession Number: 15320330; Talley, Chad E. 1,2; Email Address: talleyl @llnl .gov. Jusinski, Leonard 3 Hollars, Christopher W. 1,2 Lane, Stephen M. 2,3 Husert, Thomas 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate and Physics and Advanced Technologies Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue Livermore, California 94550,  2: NSF Center for Biophotonics Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, 4800 Second Avenue, Suite 2600, Sacramento, California 95817,  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Post Office Box 969, Livermore, California 94550-9101; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 23, p7064; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: OVARIES; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cutter, Susan L.
AU  - Richardson, Douglas B.
AU  - Wilbanks, Thomas J.
T1  - The Geographical Dimensions of Terrorism: Future Directions.
JO  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
JF  - Annals of the Association of American Geographers
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 94
IS  - 4
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1001
EP  - 1002
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 00045608
AB  - Reviews the book "The Geographical Dimensions of Terrorism: Future Directions" by Susan L. Cutter, Douglas B. Richardson and Thomas J. Wilbanks.
KW  - GEOGRAPHY
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - CUTTER, Susan L.
KW  - RICHARDSON, B.
KW  - WILBANKS, Thomas J.
KW  - GEOGRAPHICAL Dimensions of Terrorism, The (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 15181683; Cutter, Susan L. 1 Richardson, Douglas B. 2 Wilbanks, Thomas J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC  2: Executive Director, Association of American Geographers, Washington, DC  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 94 Issue 4, p1001; Subject Term: GEOGRAPHY; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: GEOGRAPHICAL Dimensions of Terrorism, The (Book); People: CUTTER, Susan L.; People: RICHARDSON, B.; People: WILBANKS, Thomas J.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1111/j.1467-8306.2004.445_5.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Collon, Philippe
AU  - Kutschera, Walter
AU  - Zheng-Tian Lu
T1  - TRACING NOBLE GAS RADIONUCLIDES IN THE ENVIRONMENT.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - C-2
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - Trace analysis of radionuclides is an essential and versatile tool in modern science and technology. Because of their ideal geophysical and geochemical properties, long-lived noble gas radionuclides--particularly 39Ar (t½ = 269 y), 81Kr (t½ = 2.3 x 105 y), and 85Kr (t&frac; = 10.8 y)--have long been recognized to have a wide range of important applications in Earth sciences. In recent years, significant progress in the development of practical analytical methods has led to applications of these isotopes in the hydrosphere (tracing the flow of groundwater and ocean water). In this article, we introduce the applications of these isotopes and review three leading analytical methods: low-level counting (LLC), accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and atom trap trace analysis (ATTA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOISOTOPES
KW  - COAL gas
KW  - GEOPHYSICS
KW  - GEOCHEMISTRY
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - 39Ar
KW  - 81Kr
KW  - 85Kr
KW  - accelerator mass spectrometry
KW  - atom trap trace analysis
KW  - low-level counting
N1  - Accession Number: 15876342; Collon, Philippe 1; Email Address: pcollon@nd.edu Kutschera, Walter 2; Email Address: walter.kutschera@univie.ac.at Zheng-Tian Lu 3; Email Address: lu@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556  2: Institut für Isotopenforschung und Kernphysik, Universität Wien, A-1090 Wien, Austria  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p39; Subject Term: RADIOISOTOPES; Subject Term: COAL gas; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICS; Subject Term: GEOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Author-Supplied Keyword: 39Ar; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81Kr; Author-Supplied Keyword: 85Kr; Author-Supplied Keyword: accelerator mass spectrometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: atom trap trace analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: low-level counting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 31p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.53.041002.110622
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davier, Michel
AU  - Marciano, William J.
T1  - THE THEORETICAL PREDICTION FOR THE MUON ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 115
EP  - 140
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - This article reviews the standard-model prediction for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and describes recent updates of QED, electroweak, and hadronic contributions. Comparison of theory and experiment suggests a 2.4 σ difference if e+e- → hadrons data are used to evaluate the main hadronic effects, but a smaller discrepancy if hadronic τ decay data are employed. Implications of a deviation for "new physics" contributions, along with an outlook for future improvements in theory and experiment, are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - ELECTROWEAK interactions
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - electroweak theory
KW  - quantum electrodynamics
KW  - spectral functions
KW  - vacuum polarization
N1  - Accession Number: 15876367; Davier, Michel 1; Email Address: davier@lal.in2p3.fr Marciano, William J. 2; Email Address: marciano@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire, IN2P3-CNRS et Université de Paris-Sud, 91898 Orsay, France  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p115; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: ELECTROWEAK interactions; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: electroweak theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: quantum electrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: spectral functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: vacuum polarization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 26p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.54.070103.181204
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15876367&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertzog, David W.
AU  - Morse, William M.
T1  - THE BROOKHAVEN MUON ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT EXPERIMENT.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 141
EP  - C-2
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - The E821 Experiment at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron has measured the muon anomalous magnetic moment aμto a relative precision of 0.5 parts per million. This effort required a new beamline, a super-ferric muon storage ring with a highly uniform magnetic field, a precision magnetic field measurement system, and electromagnetic calorimeters to record the electrons from muon decay, which carry the essential spin precession frequency information. Data obtained over five years resulted in more than nine billion analyzed events, in nearly equal samples of both muon charges. The experimental results aμ+ =11659203(8) x 10-10 and aμ = 11659214(9) x 10-10 is 0.9--2.4 standard deviations higher than predicted by theory; the range depends on the method employed to obtain the hadronic vacuum polarization term in the standard-model calculation. We reviewthe experimental design, physical realization, and analysis procedures and compare the results to the theoretical prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - MUONS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics)
KW  - (g -- 2)
KW  - precession frequency
KW  - precision measurement
KW  - standard model
KW  - storage ring
N1  - Accession Number: 15876372; Hertzog, David W. 1; Email Address: hertzog@uiuc.edu Morse, William M. 2; Email Address: morse@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p141; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: MUONS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: (g -- 2); Author-Supplied Keyword: precession frequency; Author-Supplied Keyword: precision measurement; Author-Supplied Keyword: standard model; Author-Supplied Keyword: storage ring; Number of Pages: 36p; Illustrations: 2 Color Photographs, 1 Black and White Photograph, 5 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.53.041002.110618
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15876372&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hyde-Wright, Charles Earl
AU  - De Jager, Kees
T1  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM FACTORS OF THE NUCLEON AND COMPTON SCATTERING.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 267
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - We review the experimental and theoretical status of elastic electron scattering and elastic low-energy photon scattering (with both real and virtual photons) from the nucleon. As a consequence of new experimental facilities and new theoretical insights, these subjects are advancing with unprecedented precision. These reactions provide many important insights into the spatial distributions and correlations of quarks in the nucleon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
KW  - PHOTONS
KW  - electron scattering
KW  - nucleon charge distribution
KW  - nucleon polarizabilities
KW  - photon scattering
KW  - two-photon exchange
N1  - Accession Number: 15876623; Hyde-Wright, Charles Earl 1; Email Address: chyde@odu.edu De Jager, Kees 2; Email Address: kees@jlab.org; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529  2: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p217; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: nucleon charge distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: nucleon polarizabilities; Author-Supplied Keyword: photon scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: two-photon exchange; Number of Pages: 51p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 15 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.53.041002.110443
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15876623&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dawson, Sally
AU  - Oreglia, Mark
T1  - PHYSICS OPPORTUNITIES WITH A TEV LINEAR COLLIDER.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 314
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - We discuss the physics motivations for building a 500 GeV-1 TeV electron-positron linear collider. The state-of-the-art collider technologies and the physics-driven machine parameters are discussed. Some of the phenomena well suited to study at a linear collider are described, including Higgs bosons, supersymmetry, other extensions to the standard model, and cosmology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
KW  - HIGGS bosons
KW  - SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - electron-positron annihilation
KW  - Higgs
KW  - supersymmetry
N1  - Accession Number: 15876634; Dawson, Sally 1; Email Address: dawson@bnl.gov Oreglia, Mark 2; Email Address: oreglia@hep.uchicago.edu; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: The Enrico Fermi Institute, Chicago, Illinois 60637; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p269; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Subject Term: HIGGS bosons; Subject Term: SUPERSYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron-positron annihilation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Higgs; Author-Supplied Keyword: supersymmetry; Number of Pages: 46p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.54.070103.181259
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15876634&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dokshitzer, Yuri L.
AU  - Kharzeev, Dmitri E.
T1  - THE GRIBOV CONCEPTION OF QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS.
JO  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
JF  - Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 524
PB  - Annual Reviews Inc.
SN  - 01638998
AB  - Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), which describes hadrons and their interactions, is a non-Abelian gauge theory. The salient property of QCD is color confinement, quantitative understanding of which still remains a challenge. Major contributions to understanding quantum dynamics of non-Abelian fields are due to V.N. Gribov, both in the framework of pure gluodynamics (Gribov copies, Gribov horizon) and in the quest for confinement in the presence of light quarks (supercritical confinement scenario). We discuss Gribov's approach to the confinement problem and review some recent developments that are motivated, directly or indirectly, by his ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Annual Review of Nuclear & Particle Science is the property of Annual Reviews Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - POMERONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - confinement
KW  - nonperturbative effects
KW  - QCD
N1  - Accession Number: 15876676; Dokshitzer, Yuri L. 1,2; Email Address: Yuri.Dokshitzer@lpthe.jussieu.fr Kharzeev, Dmitri E. 3; Email Address: kharzeev@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies, University Paris-VI, F-75252 Paris, France  2: Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, 188350 Gatchina, St. Petersburg, Russia  3: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p487; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: POMERONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: confinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: nonperturbative effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: QCD; Number of Pages: 38p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1146/annurev.nucl.54.070103.181224
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15876676&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Renninger, Neil
AU  - Knopp, Roger
AU  - Nitsche, Heino
AU  - Clark, Douglas S.
AU  - Keasling, Jay D.
T1  - Uranyl Precipitation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa via Controlled Polyphosphate Metabolism.
JO  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 70
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7404
EP  - 7412
SN  - 00992240
AB  - The polyphosphate kinase gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa was overexpressed in its native host, resulting in the accumulation of 100 times the polyphosphate seen with control strains. Degradation of this polyphosphate was induced by carbon starvation conditions, resulting in phosphate release into the medium. The mechanism of polyphosphate degradation is not clearly understood, but it appears to be associated with glycogen degradation. Upon suspension of the cells in 1 mM uranyl nitrate, nearly all polyphosphate that had accumulated was degraded within 48 h, resulting in the removal of nearly 80% of the uranyl ion and >95% of lesser-concentrated solutions. Electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) suggest that this removal was due to the precipitation of uranyl phosphate at the cell membrane. TRLFS also indicated that uranyl was initially sorbed to the cell as uranyl hydroxide and was then precipitated as uranyl phosphate as phosphate was released from the cell. Lethal doses of radiation did not halt phosphate secretion from polyphosphate-filled cells under carbon starvation conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa
KW  - PSEUDOMONAS
KW  - POLYPHOSPHATES
KW  - PHOSPHATES
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - MICROBIOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 15749333; Renninger, Neil 1 Knopp, Roger 2 Nitsche, Heino 2,3 Clark, Douglas S. 1 Keasling, Jay D. 1,4; Email Address: keasling@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley,  2: The Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California  3: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley,  4: Synthetic Biology Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 70 Issue 12, p7404; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa; Subject Term: PSEUDOMONAS; Subject Term: POLYPHOSPHATES; Subject Term: PHOSPHATES; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: MICROBIOLOGY; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 128/AEM.70.12.7404-7412.2004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15749333&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - VanBrocklin, Henry F.
AU  - Blagoev, Milen
AU  - Hoepping, Alexander
AU  - O’Neil, James P.
AU  - Klose, Manuela
AU  - Schubiger, Pius A.
AU  - Ametamey, Simon
T1  - A new precursor for the preparation of 6-[18F]Fluoro-l-m-tyrosine ([18F]FMT): efficient synthesis and comparison of radiolabeling
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 61
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1289
EP  - 1294
SN  - 09698043
AB  - For the electrophilic preparation of 6-[18F]fluoro-l-m-tyrosine ([18F]FMT), a PET tracer for measuring changes in dopaminergic function in movement disorders, a novel precursor, N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonyloxy)-6-trimethylstannnyl-l-phenylalanine ethyl ester, was synthesized in four steps and 26% yield starting from l-m-tyrosine. [18F]FMT produced by two methods at two institutions was comparable in both radiochemical yield, 25–26%, and quality (chemical, enantiomeric, and radiochemical purity and specific activity) as that obtained with the original N-trifluoroacetyl-3-acetyl-6-trimethylstannyl-l-m-tyrosine ethyl ester [18F]FMT precursor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TYROSINE
KW  - RADIOLABELING
KW  - DOPAMINERGIC mechanisms
KW  - MOVEMENT disorders
KW  - FDOPA
KW  - FMT
KW  - Radiofluorination
N1  - Accession Number: 14510689; VanBrocklin, Henry F. 1 Blagoev, Milen 2 Hoepping, Alexander 3; Email Address: hoepping@abx.de O’Neil, James P. 1 Klose, Manuela 3 Schubiger, Pius A. 2 Ametamey, Simon 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Center for Radiopharmaceutical Science of ETH, PSI and USZ Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland  3: ABX advanced biochemical compounds GmbH Radeberg, Heinrich-Gläser-Str. 10-14, D-01454 Radeberg, Germany; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 61 Issue 6, p1289; Subject Term: TYROSINE; Subject Term: RADIOLABELING; Subject Term: DOPAMINERGIC mechanisms; Subject Term: MOVEMENT disorders; Author-Supplied Keyword: FDOPA; Author-Supplied Keyword: FMT; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiofluorination; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.04.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14510689&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramirez, L.M.
AU  - Wielopolski, L.
T1  - Analysis of potassium spectra with low counting statistics using trapezoidal and library least-squares methods
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 61
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1367
EP  - 1373
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Potassium spectra with low counting statistics were measured with a NaI detector from a water phantom, simulating a brain, and were analyzed for error propagation in determination of K employing either the Trapezoidal Method or the Library Least-Squares method. We demonstrate, using measured and synthetic spectra, that a smaller error is obtained in the analysis of potassium when using the Library Least-Squares method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTASSIUM -- Spectra
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - BRAIN
KW  - Brain
KW  - In vivo
KW  - Library least-squares
KW  - Low counting statistics
KW  - Potassium
KW  - Trapezoidal method
N1  - Accession Number: 14510701; Ramirez, L.M. 1 Wielopolski, L.; Email Address: lwielo@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Medical Department, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 61 Issue 6, p1367; Subject Term: POTASSIUM -- Spectra; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: BRAIN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain; Author-Supplied Keyword: In vivo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Library least-squares; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low counting statistics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Potassium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trapezoidal method; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.03.125
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14510701&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephan, Andrew C.
AU  - Dai, Sheng
AU  - Wallace, Steven A.
T1  - Neutronics aspects of position-sensitive neutron scintillator detectors using wavelength-shifting readout fibers
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 61
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1375
EP  - 1382
SN  - 09698043
AB  - Recent investigations in using wavelength-shifting fibers with scintillator screens for two-dimensional position sensitive neutron detection have shown this method to be effective and affordable. However, hydrogen and carbon atoms in the readout fibers scatter many neutrons traveling into the scintillator and affect the detector''s efficiency and position resolution. In this work we seek to quantify these effects for various neutron energies using Monte Carlo simulations of different geometrical cases and suggest methods for mitigating negative effects from neutron scattering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SCINTILLATORS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - FIBERS
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - Neutron scattering research
KW  - Neutron scintillator detector
KW  - Position-sensitive neutron detection
KW  - Sol–gel glass
N1  - Accession Number: 14510702; Stephan, Andrew C. 1,2; Email Address: astephan@utk.edu Dai, Sheng 3 Wallace, Steven A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Neutron Sciences, Inc., Knoxville, TN 37932, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Pasqua Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 61 Issue 6, p1375; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SCINTILLATORS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: FIBERS; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering research; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scintillator detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Position-sensitive neutron detection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sol–gel glass; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.04.005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14510702&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mitra, S.
AU  - Wielopolski, L.
AU  - Hendrey, G.
T1  - Comparison of a digital and an analog signal processing system for neutron inelastic gamma-ray spectrometry
JO  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
JF  - Applied Radiation & Isotopes
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 61
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1463
EP  - 1468
SN  - 09698043
AB  - We compared the value of using a digital signal processing unit for gamma-ray spectroscopy with that of an analog one for in situ measurements of gamma-rays generated by inelastic neutron scattering reactions with soil elements. A large cylindrical NaI(Tl) scintillation detector, 15.24 cm high by 15.24 cm diameter was used to measure carbon (C) and oxygen (O). The performance of the systems was assessed as a function of input count rate (ICR) by monitoring the peak areas of the C, 4.43 MeV, and O, 6.13 MeV, gamma-rays. In separate experiments, the digital and the analog systems were also compared using an intense 10.3 mCi 137Cs source to vary the ICR, and the 1.17 MeV peak area of 60Co was used as the reference. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Radiation & Isotopes is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - GAMMA ray spectrometry
KW  - CARBON
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - Analog spectroscopy
KW  - Digital spectroscopy
KW  - Gamma-ray
KW  - NaI(Tl) detector
KW  - Neutron inelastic scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 14510714; Mitra, S.; Email Address: smitra@bnl.gov Wielopolski, L. 1 Hendrey, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Environmental Sciences, Earth Systems Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 61 Issue 6, p1463; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: GAMMA ray spectrometry; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Analog spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Digital spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gamma-ray; Author-Supplied Keyword: NaI(Tl) detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron inelastic scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.02.024
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14510714&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reilly, Cavan
AU  - Price, Phillip
AU  - Gelman, Andrew
AU  - Sandgathe, Scott A.
T1  - Using Image and Curve Registration for Measuring the Goodness of Fit of Spatial and Temporal Predictions.
JO  - Biometrics
JF  - Biometrics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 954
EP  - 964
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 0006341X
AB  - Conventional measures of model fit for indexed data (e.g., time series or spatial data) summarize errors iny, for instance by integrating (or summing) the squared difference between predicted and measured values over a range ofx. We propose an approach which recognizes that errors can occur in thex-direction as well. Instead of just measuring the difference between the predictions and observations at each site (or time), we first“deform” the predictions, stretching or compressing along thex-direction or directions, so as to improve the agreement between the observations and the deformed predictions. Error is then summarized by (a) the amount of deformation inx, and (b) the remaining difference inybetween the data and the deformed predictions (i.e., the residual error inyafter the deformation). A parameter,λ, controls the tradeoff between (a) and (b), so that asno deformation is allowed, whereas forthe deformation minimizes the errors iny. In some applications, the deformation itself is of interest because it characterizes the (temporal or spatial) structure of the errors. The optimal deformation can be computed by solving a system of nonlinear partial differential equations, or, for a unidimensional index, by using a dynamic programming algorithm. We illustrate the procedure with examples from nonlinear time series and fluid dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biometrics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPATIAL analysis (Statistics)
KW  - MEASUREMENT errors
KW  - REGRESSION analysis
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - BIOMETRY
KW  - Calculus of variations
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Dynamic programming
KW  - Errors-in-variables regression
KW  - Goodness of fit
KW  - Image registration
KW  - Morphometrics
KW  - Spatial distribution
KW  - Time series
KW  - Variance components
N1  - Accession Number: 15275117; Reilly, Cavan 1; Email Address: cavanr@biostat.umn.edu Price, Phillip 2 Gelman, Andrew 3 Sandgathe, Scott A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, U.S.A.  2: Indoor Environment Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A.  3: Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, U.S.A.  4: Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, 1013 NE 40th Street, Seattle, Washington 98105, U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 60 Issue 4, p954; Subject Term: SPATIAL analysis (Statistics); Subject Term: MEASUREMENT errors; Subject Term: REGRESSION analysis; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Subject Term: BIOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Calculus of variations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic programming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Errors-in-variables regression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Goodness of fit; Author-Supplied Keyword: Image registration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morphometrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spatial distribution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time series; Author-Supplied Keyword: Variance components; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0006-341X.2004.00251.x
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15275117&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nalla, R.K.
AU  - Kruzic, J.J.
AU  - Kinney, J.H.
AU  - Ritchie, R.O.
T1  - Effect of aging on the toughness of human cortical bone: evaluation by R-curves
JO  - BONE
JF  - BONE
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1240
EP  - 1246
SN  - 87563282
AB  - Abstract: Age-related deterioration of the fracture properties of bone, coupled with increased life expectancy, is responsible for increasing incidence of bone fracture in the elderly, and hence, an understanding of how its fracture properties degrade with age is essential. The present study describes ex vivo fracture experiments to quantitatively assess the effect of aging on the fracture toughness properties of human cortical bone in the longitudinal direction. Because cortical bone exhibits rising crack-growth resistance with crack extension, unlike most previous studies, the toughness is evaluated in terms of resistance-curve (R-curve) behavior, measured for bone taken from wide range of age groups (34–99 years). Using this approach, both the ex vivo crack-initiation and crack-growth toughness are determined and are found to deteriorate with age; the initiation toughness decreases some 40% over 6 decades from 40 to 100 years, while the growth toughness is effectively eliminated over the same age range. The reduction in crack-growth toughness is considered to be associated primarily with a degradation in the degree of extrinsic toughening, in particular, involving crack bridging in the wake of the crack. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of BONE is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BONES -- Wounds & injuries
KW  - FRACTURES
KW  - AGING
KW  - DEVELOPMENTAL biology
KW  - BONE mechanics
KW  - Aging
KW  - Cortical bone
KW  - Fracture toughness
KW  - R-curve
N1  - Accession Number: 17128144; Nalla, R.K. 1,2 Kruzic, J.J. 1,2 Kinney, J.H. 3 Ritchie, R.O. 1,2; Email Address: RORitchie@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 35 Issue 6, p1240; Subject Term: BONES -- Wounds & injuries; Subject Term: FRACTURES; Subject Term: AGING; Subject Term: DEVELOPMENTAL biology; Subject Term: BONE mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aging; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cortical bone; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture toughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: R-curve; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bone.2004.07.016
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=17128144&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Phillips, Thomas J.
AU  - Potter, Gerald L.
AU  - Williamson, David L.
AU  - Cederwall, Richard T.
AU  - Boyle, James S.
AU  - Fiorino, Michael
AU  - Hnilo, Justin J.
AU  - Olson, Jerry G.
AU  - Xie, Shaocheng
AU  - Yio, J. John
T1  - Evaluating Parameterizations in General Circulation Models: Climate Simulation Meets Weather Prediction.
JO  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF  - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 85
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1903
EP  - 1915
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00030007
AB  - To significantly improve the simulation of climate by general circulation models (GCMs), systematic errors in representations of relevant processes must first be identified, and then reduced. This endeavor demands that the GCM parameterizations of unresolved processes, in particular, should be tested over a wide range of time scales, not just in climate simulations. Thus, a numerical weather prediction (NWP) methodology for evaluating model parameterizations and gaining insights into their behavior may prove useful, provided that suitable adaptations are made for implementation in climate GCMs. This method entails the generation of short-range weather forecasts by a realistically initialized climate GCM, and the application of six hourly NWP analyses and observations of parameterized variables to evaluate these forecasts. The behavior of the parameterizations in such a weather-forecasting framework can provide insights on how these schemes might be improved, and modified parameterizations then can be tested in the same framework. To further this method for evaluating and analyzing parameterizations in climate GCMs, the U.S. Department of Energy is funding a joint venture of its Climate Change Prediction Program (CCPP) and Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program: the CCPP-ARM Parameterization Testbed (CAPT). This article elaborates the scientific rationale for CAPT, discusses technical aspects of its methodology, and presents examples of its implementation in a representative climate GCM. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WEATHER forecasting
KW  - GENERAL circulation model
KW  - CLIMATIC changes
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - METHODOLOGY
KW  - GEOPHYSICAL prediction
N1  - Accession Number: 15556898; Phillips, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: phillips14@llnl.gov Potter, Gerald L. 1 Williamson, David L. 2 Cederwall, Richard T. 1 Boyle, James S. 1 Fiorino, Michael 1 Hnilo, Justin J. 1 Olson, Jerry G. 2 Xie, Shaocheng 1 Yio, J. John 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California  2: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 85 Issue 12, p1903; Subject Term: WEATHER forecasting; Subject Term: GENERAL circulation model; Subject Term: CLIMATIC changes; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: METHODOLOGY; Subject Term: GEOPHYSICAL prediction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541990 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1175/BAMS-85-12-1903
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15556898&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bacon, Charles R.
AU  - Weber, Peter K.
AU  - Larsen, Kimberly A.
AU  - Reisenbichler, Reginald
AU  - Fitzpatrick, John A.
AU  - Wooden, Joseph L.
T1  - Migration and rearing histories of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) determined by ion microprobe Sr isotope and Sr/Ca transects of otoliths.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences
JF  - Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 61
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2425
EP  - 2439
PB  - Canadian Science Publishing
SN  - 0706652X
AB  - Strontium isotope and Sr/Ca ratios measured in situ by ion microprobe along radial transects of otoliths of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) vary between watersheds with contrasting geology. Otoliths from ocean-type chinook from Skagit River estuary, Washington, had prehatch regions with 87Sr/86Sr ratios of ~0.709, suggesting a maternally inherited marine signature, extensive fresh water growth zones with 87Sr/86Sr ratios similar to those of the Skagit River at ~0.705, and marine-like 87Sr/86Sr ratios near their edges. Otoliths from stream-type chinook from central Idaho had prehatch 87Sr/86Sr ratios ≥0.711, indicating that a maternal marine Sr isotopic signature is not preserved after the ~1000- to 1400-km migration from the Pacific Ocean. 87Sr/86Sr ratios in the outer portions of otoliths from these Idaho juveniles were similar to those of their respective streams (~0.708–0.722). For Skagit juveniles, fresh water growth was marked by small decreases in otolith Sr/Ca, with increases in Sr/Ca corresponding to  increases in 87Sr/86Sr with migration into salt water. Otoliths of Idaho fish had Sr/Ca radial variation patterns that record seasonal fluctuation in ambient water Sr/Ca ratios. The ion microprobe's ability to measure both 87Sr/86Sr and Sr/Ca ratios of otoliths at high spatial resolution in situ provides a new tool for studies of fish rearing and migration. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Les concentrations de l'isotope de strontium et les rapports Sr/Ca mesurés à l'aide d'une microsonde ionique le long de coupes radiales d'otolithes de jeunes saumons quinnat (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) varient en fonction des caractéristiques géologiques des bassins versants. Les otolithes de saumons de type océanique de l'estuaire de la  Skagit, Washington, possèdent des régions antérieures à l'éclosion avec des rapports 87Sr/86Sr de ~0,709 indiquant une signature marine héritée de la mère, des zones importantes de croissance en eau douce avec des rapports 87Sr/86Sr de ~0,705 semblables à ceux de la Skagit et des rapports de type marin près des marges. Les otolithes de saumons de type rivière du centre de l'Idaho ont des rapports 87Sr/86Sr avant l'éclosion de ≥0,711, ce qui indique que la signature Sr maternelle marine ne s'est pas conservée après une migration de ~1000–1400 km depuis le Pacifique. Les rapports 87Sr/86Sr des zones externes des otolithes de ces jeunes saumons de l'Idaho correspondent à ceux de leurs cours d'eau respectifs (~0,708–0,722). Chez les jeunes saumons de Skagit, la croissance en eau douce s'accompagne de faibles diminutions de Sr/Ca dans les otolithes; la migration en eau salée amène un accroissement de Sr/Ca correspondant à l'augmentation de 87Sr/86Sr. Les otolithes des poissons d'Idaho affichent des patrons de variation radiale de Sr/Ca qui reflètent les fluctuations saisonnières des rapports Sr/Ca dans l'eau du milieu. La capacité des microsondes ioniques à mesurer les rapports 87Sr/86Sr et Sr/Ca des otolithes à une forte résolution spatiale in situ fournit un nouvel outil pour étudier l'élevage et la migration des poissons.[Traduit par la Rédaction] (French) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Migration of fishes
KW  - Oncorhynchus
KW  - Chinook salmon
KW  - Otoliths
KW  - Microprobe analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 16283639; Bacon, Charles R. 1; Email Address: cbacon@usgs.gov; Weber, Peter K. 2,3; Larsen, Kimberly A. 4; Reisenbichler, Reginald 4; Fitzpatrick, John A. 5; Wooden, Joseph L. 6; Affiliations: 1: US Geological Survey, MS 910, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; 2: Department of Geography, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 3: Chemical Biology and Nuclear Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-231, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA; 4: US Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, WA 98115, USA; 5: US Geological Survey, MS 420, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; 6: US Geological Survey, Stanford--USGS Ion Microprobe Laboratory, Green Earth Science Research Building, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 61 Issue 12, p2425; Thesaurus Term: Migration of fishes; Thesaurus Term: Oncorhynchus; Subject Term: Chinook salmon; Subject Term: Otoliths; Subject Term: Microprobe analysis; Number of Pages: 15p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs, 2 Maps; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1139/F04-167
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=16283639&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qian, J.
AU  - Pantea, C.
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Zerda, T.W.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
T1  - Graphitization of diamond powders of different sizes at high pressure–high temperature
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 42
IS  - 12/13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2691
EP  - 2697
SN  - 00086223
AB  - Diamond powders of different sizes ranging from 5 nm to 40 μm were heat treated at temperatures between 973 and 1673 K, at high pressures from 2 to 8 GPa. Elevated temperatures accelerate diamond to graphite phase transition and we studied this process by analyzing X-ray diffraction patterns, Raman spectra and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images. Increasing activation energy was obtained for diamond powders of increasing sizes, and the critical pressure of the diamond to graphite phase transition decreased. Onion-like carbon was obtained after the graphitization of nano and sub-micron diamond, and attributed to closure of graphite shells. Microcrystalline graphite was formed after graphitization of micron size diamond, mainly due to the good crystallinity of the micron diamond precursor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAPHITIZATION
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - A. Diamond
KW  - B. Graphitization
KW  - C. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction
KW  - D. Activation energy
N1  - Accession Number: 14170023; Qian, J.; Email Address: jiangq@lanl.gov Pantea, C. 1 Huang, J. 2 Zerda, T.W. 1 Zhao, Y. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics and Astronomy Department, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA  2: Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA  3: Manuel Lujan Jr., Neutron Scattering Center, MS-H805, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 42 Issue 12/13, p2691; Subject Term: GRAPHITIZATION; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Diamond; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Graphitization; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: D. Activation energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.06.017
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14170023&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, Z.
AU  - Johnson, R.
AU  - Mi, J.
AU  - Bondi, S.
AU  - Jiang, M.
AU  - Gillespie, J.
AU  - Lackey, W.J.
AU  - Stock, S.
AU  - More, Karren
T1  - Microstructure of carbon fibers prepared laser CVD
JO  - Carbon
JF  - Carbon
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 42
IS  - 12/13
M3  - Article
SP  - 2721
EP  - 2727
SN  - 00086223
AB  - A layered plate-like microstructure was observed parallel to the deposition surface in carbon fibers prepared by laser CVD from methane at pressures lower than 1 atm. Periodic cracks existed in the fibers parallel to the layers. Cracking was likely caused by thermally induced stress, and by weak bonds between layers. In fibers deposited at higher temperatures, the volcano effect was observed. A striped structure composed of loosely piled graphitic plates was observed along the axial direction in the center part of the fibers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Carbon is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON fibers
KW  - METHANE
KW  - GRAPHITE
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - A. Carbon fibers, Pyrolytic carbon
KW  - B. Chemical vapor deposition, Laser irradiation
KW  - C. Microstructure
N1  - Accession Number: 14170026; Kang, Z. 1 Johnson, R. 1 Mi, J. 1 Bondi, S. 1 Jiang, M. 1 Gillespie, J. 1 Lackey, W.J. Stock, S. 2 More, Karren 3; Affiliation:  1: George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA  2: Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 42 Issue 12/13, p2721; Subject Term: CARBON fibers; Subject Term: METHANE; Subject Term: GRAPHITE; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: A. Carbon fibers, Pyrolytic carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: B. Chemical vapor deposition, Laser irradiation; Author-Supplied Keyword: C. Microstructure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327990 All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.06.008
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14170026&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rivera, Michael K.
AU  - Daniel, W. Brent
AU  - Ecke, Robert E.
T1  - Coherent vortices in two-dimensional turbulence.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - S12
EP  - S12
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - Cites data obtained from quasi-two-dimensional turbulence experiments which depict the spontaneous formation and destruction of coherent vortices from a Lagrangian perspective. Presentation of images showing the evolution of passive particles in the turbulent flow when the particles are placed at the center of a vortex; Occurrence of energy transport due to vortex merger and splitting; Impact of the coherent vortices on the passive-scalar stretching field.
KW  - VORTEX motion
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - ROTATIONAL motion
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 15207325; Rivera, Michael K. 1 Daniel, W. Brent 1 Ecke, Robert E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, pS12; Subject Term: VORTEX motion; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: ROTATIONAL motion; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1821773
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15207325&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gómez-Gardeñes, J.
AU  - Floría, L. M.
AU  - Peyrard, M.
AU  - Bishop, A. R.
T1  - Nonintegrable Schrödinger discrete breathers.
JO  - Chaos
JF  - Chaos
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1130
EP  - 1147
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10541500
AB  - In an extensive numerical investigation of nonintegrable translational motion of discrete breathers in nonlinear Schrödinger lattices, we have used a regularized Newton algorithm to continue these solutions from the limit of the integrable Ablowitz–Ladik lattice. These solutions are shown to be a superposition of a localized moving core and an excited extended state (background) to which the localized moving pulse is spatially asymptotic. The background is a linear combination of small amplitude nonlinear resonant plane waves and it plays an essential role in the energy balance governing the translational motion of the localized core. Perturbative collective variable theory predictions are critically analyzed in the light of the numerical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Chaos is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SCHRODINGER operator
KW  - LATTICE dynamics
KW  - MOTION
KW  - BIOENERGETICS
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - PHYSICS research
N1  - Accession Number: 15207339; Gómez-Gardeñes, J. 1; Email Address: gardenes@unizar.es Floría, L. M. 1 Peyrard, M. 2 Bishop, A. R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Teoría y Simulación de Sistemas Complejos, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, C.S.I.C.-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada e Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de los Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain  2: Laboratoire de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69364 Lyon, France  3: Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p1130; Subject Term: SCHRODINGER operator; Subject Term: LATTICE dynamics; Subject Term: MOTION; Subject Term: BIOENERGETICS; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: PHYSICS research; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1811991
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yoshida, Takahiro
AU  - Ozaki, Takuo
AU  - Ohnuki, Toshihiko
AU  - Francis, Arokiasamy J.
T1  - Adsorption of rare earth elements by γ-Al2O3 and Pseudomonas fluorescens cells in the presence of desferrioxamine B: implication of siderophores for the Ce anomaly
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 212
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 246
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Abstract: We investigated the influence of siderophore desferrioxamine B (DFO) on the adsorption behavior of 11 rare-earth elements (REEs), La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er, on γ-Al2O3 and Pseudomonas fluorescens cells at neutral pH. In the presence of DFO, the adsorption of REEs on γ-Al2O3 and P. fluorescens cells showed a tendency to decrease with an increase of their atomic number, except for Ce. The adsorption of Ce was significantly lower than those of the neighboring REEs, La and Pr. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis of the Ce–DFO complex showed that Ce was in the tetravalent state. Adding hydroxylammonium reduced the tetravalent Ce in the complex to its trivalent form with the disappearance of the Ce anomaly. These results show that DFO can oxidize Ce(III) to Ce(IV), which was supported by electrochemical experiments. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed that the redox potential of the Ce(IV)/Ce(III) couple in the DFO complex was much lower than the standard redox potential, and that the stability of Ce(IV)–DFO is much higher than that of Ce(III)–DFO. These findings suggest that the Ce anomaly we observed is due to the oxidation of Ce(III)–DFO complex to the more stable Ce(IV)–DFO complex, and that naturally occurring organic ligands can contribute to Ce anomaly observed in the natural environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - CELLS
KW  - ABSORPTION spectra
KW  - Adsorption
KW  - Cerium anomaly
KW  - Desferrioxamine B
KW  - Redox potential
KW  - Siderophores
N1  - Accession Number: 15448001; Yoshida, Takahiro 1; Email Address: yoshida@sparclt.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Ozaki, Takuo 1 Ohnuki, Toshihiko 1 Francis, Arokiasamy J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  2: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 212 Issue 3/4, p239; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cerium anomaly; Author-Supplied Keyword: Desferrioxamine B; Author-Supplied Keyword: Redox potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Siderophores; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.08.046
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ohnuki, Toshihiko
AU  - Sakamoto, Fuminori
AU  - Kozai, Naofumi
AU  - Ozaki, Takuo
AU  - Yoshida, Takahiro
AU  - Narumi, Issay
AU  - Wakai, Eiichi
AU  - Sakai, Takuro
AU  - Francis, Arokiasamy J.
T1  - Mechanisms of arsenic immobilization in a biomat from mine discharge water
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 212
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 290
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Abstract: We studied the mechanism of uptake of arsenic (As) in a bacterial microhabitat, a biomat, from discharged arsenic mine water at pH 4.7 in field and laboratory experiments. The mine water contained a yellowish biomat composed mainly of Fe-bearing compounds and associated microorganisms. Concentrations of As and Fe in the water decreased with increasing distance from the location of the discharge position. The spatial distributions of elements in the biomat collected at 0.3 m downstream from the discharge position, determined by scanning-particle-induced X-ray emission analysis (S-PIXE), indicated that As was co-located with Fe and S in the precipitates. Analyses of the precipitates by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the presence of Fe–S-bearing minerals, such as schwertmannite and an unknown one, having a d-spacing of 3.3 Å. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis of the precipitates indicated that the oxidation states of As and Fe were V and III, respectively, whereas their corresponding oxidation states in the discharged mine water were V and II. After storing fresh mine water, collected 0.3 m downstream of the discharge position, for 17 days there was a decrease in As and Fe concentrations from 1.2×10−6 and 1.8×10−4 mol L−1 to 3.6×10−7 and 2.0×10−5 mol L−1, respectively, with the concomitant formation of a yellowish precipitate. In contrast, in filter-sterilized (0.2 μm) mine water there was no change in their concentrations. Molecular analysis, based on the 16S rDNA fragment extracted from the discharged mine water, indicated that Gallionella sp. was the predominant microorganism present. It is known to form stalk-like and sheath-like compounds that were distinguished in the precipitates by TEM observation. These results demonstrate that As(V) in the discharged mine water is co-precipitated with and/or adsorbed on Fe–S-bearing minerals in the biomat. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - ARSENIC
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Biomats
KW  - Gallionella sp.
KW  - PIXE
KW  - Schwertmannite
KW  - XANES
N1  - Accession Number: 15448005; Ohnuki, Toshihiko 1; Email Address: ohnuki@sparclt.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Sakamoto, Fuminori 1 Kozai, Naofumi 2 Ozaki, Takuo 1 Yoshida, Takahiro 1 Narumi, Issay 3 Wakai, Eiichi 4 Sakai, Takuro 5 Francis, Arokiasamy J. 6; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Shirakata-2, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195 Japan  2: Department of Environmental Sciences, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Shirakata-2, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195 Japan  3: Department of Ion-beam-applied Biology, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Watanuki 1233, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-1292 Japan  4: Department of Material Science, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Shirakata-2, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195 Japan  5: Advanced Radiation Technology Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Watanuki 1233, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-1292 Japan  6: Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 212 Issue 3/4, p279; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: ARSENIC; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arsenic; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomats; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gallionella sp.; Author-Supplied Keyword: PIXE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Schwertmannite; Author-Supplied Keyword: XANES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.08.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abrams, Billie L.
AU  - Holloway, Paul H.
T1  - Role of the Surface in Luminescent Processes.
JO  - Chemical Reviews
JF  - Chemical Reviews
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 104
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5783
EP  - 5801
SN  - 00092665
AB  - Explores the role of surfaces in luminescence. Surface structure; Band structure; Surface states; Fundamental luminescence mechanisms; Concept of a surface dead layer; Effects of surface chemical reactions on luminescence; Processing of powders; Coating of phosphors; Thin film deposition and surface treatment.
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - POWDERS
KW  - PHOSPHORS
KW  - COATING processes
N1  - Accession Number: 15639743; Abrams, Billie L. 1 Holloway, Paul H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800-142 1, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116400, Gainesville, Florida 32611-6400; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 104 Issue 12, p5783; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: POWDERS; Subject Term: PHOSPHORS; Subject Term: COATING processes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 19p; Illustrations: 8 Diagrams, 21 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - J-L.  WIDLOWSKI
AU  - B.  PINTY
AU  - N.  GOBRON
AU  - M. M.  Verstraete
AU  - D. J.  Diner
AU  - A. B.  Davis
T1  - Canopy Structure Parameters Derived from Multi-Angular Remote Sensing Data for Terrestrial Carbon Studies.
JO  - Climatic Change
JF  - Climatic Change
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 67
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 415
SN  - 01650009
AB  - Abstract Recent studies have highlighted the importance of vegetation structure, both in the context of landscape dynamics and with regard to ecosystem productivity. This paper addresses the feasibility to retrieve information on canopy structure on the basis of quasi-simultaneous multi-spectral and multi-directional remote sensing measurements from space. After a brief summary of both active and passive remote sensing approaches that are commonly used to address vegetation structure retrievals, this contribution focuses on the state-of-the-art in physically based interpretations relating the anisotropy of multi-directional reflectance measurements to the structure and heterogeneity of the underlying surface. New sets of ecology-oriented parameters are identified that permit a geophysical interpretation of the directional signature of the surface leaving radiation field. The availability of such terrestrial surface structure information, at the within-pixel scale and for the entire globe, will undoubtedly lead to better estimates of ecosystem productivity, carbon stocks and fluxes, as well as changes thereof. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Climatic Change is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT canopies
KW  - REMOTE sensing
KW  - VEGETATION & climate
KW  - CARBON
N1  - Accession Number: 20373852; J-L.  WIDLOWSKI 1 B.  PINTY 1 N.  GOBRON 1 M. M.  Verstraete 1 D. J.  Diner 2 A. B.  Davis 3; Affiliation:  1: EC-Joint Research Center Institute for Environment and Sustainability TP 440, via E. Fermi 1 I-21020 Ispra VA Italy  2: Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91109-8099 U.S.A.  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory MSC-323 Bikini Atoll Road, Bld. 30 Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 67 Issue 2/3, p403; Subject Term: PLANT canopies; Subject Term: REMOTE sensing; Subject Term: VEGETATION & climate; Subject Term: CARBON; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikonov, M.V.
AU  - Gogolev, A.V.
AU  - Tananaev, Ivan G.
AU  - Myasoedov, Boris F.
AU  - Clark, David L.
T1  - Study of Am and Pu behavior in alkaline media
JO  - Comptes Rendus Chimie
JF  - Comptes Rendus Chimie
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 7
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1205
EP  - 1208
SN  - 16310748
AB  - Abstract: The redox chemical behavior of americium and plutonium species in alkaline media has been studied, mainly two dis/reproportionation reactions: 2 Pu(VI) = Pu(V) + Pu(VII) and Am(III) + Am(V) = 2Am(IV). It was found that Am(VI) is readily reduced by the simple action of water, and that radiolysis has no effect. This is a marked departure from the behavior of Am in other media, where alpha particle self-irradiation generates redox active species that affect the Am oxidation state. An Am(VII) compound has been synthesized. All results are interesting for the treatment of alkaline high-level radioactive wastes. To cite this article: A.P. Nikonov et al., C. R. Chimie 7 (2004). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Comptes Rendus Chimie is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMERICIUM
KW  - TRANSPLUTONIUM elements
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - Alkaline media
KW  - Am
KW  - Pu
N1  - Accession Number: 15550389; Nikonov, M.V. 1 Gogolev, A.V. 1 Tananaev, Ivan G. 1 Myasoedov, Boris F. 1 Clark, David L. 2; Email Address: dlclark@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: V.I. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19, Kosygina str., 119991 Moscow, Russia  2: G.T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Seaborg Institute Los Alamos National Laboratory NMT-DO, MS-E500, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 7 Issue 12, p1205; Subject Term: AMERICIUM; Subject Term: TRANSPLUTONIUM elements; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alkaline media; Author-Supplied Keyword: Am; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pu; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.crci.2004.05.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kritz, A.H.
AU  - Bateman, G.
AU  - Kinsey, J.
AU  - Pankin, A.
AU  - Onjun, T.
AU  - Redd, A.
AU  - McCune, D.
AU  - Ludescher, C.
AU  - Pletzer, A.
AU  - Andre, R.
AU  - Zakharov, L.
AU  - Lodestro, L.
AU  - Pearlstein, L.D.
AU  - Jong, R.
AU  - Houlberg, W.
AU  - Strand, P.
AU  - Wiley, J.
AU  - Valanju, P.
AU  - John, H. St.
AU  - Waltz, R.
T1  - The National Transport Code Collaboration Module Library
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 108
EP  - 113
SN  - 00104655
AB  - This paper reports on the progress in developing a library of code modules under the auspices of the National Transport Code Collaboration (NTCC). Code modules are high quality, fully documented software packages with a clearly defined interface. The modules provide a variety of functions, such as implementing numerical physics models; performing ancillary functions such as I/O or graphics; or providing tools for dealing with common issues in scientific programming such as portability of Fortran codes. Researchers in the plasma community submit code modules, and a review procedure is followed to insure adherence to programming and documentation standards. The review process is designed to provide added confidence with regard to the use of the modules and to allow users and independent reviews to validate the claims of the modules'' authors. All modules include source code; clear instructions for compilation of binaries on a variety of target architectures; and test cases with well-documented input and output. All the NTCC modules and ancillary information, such as current standards and documentation, are available from the NTCC Module Library Website . The goal of the project is to develop a resource of value to builders of integrated modeling codes and to plasma physics researchers generally. Currently, there are more than 40 modules in the module library. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - DOCUMENTATION
KW  - LIBRARIES
KW  - NTCC Module Library
N1  - Accession Number: 15561293; Kritz, A.H. 1; Email Address: kritz@lehigh.edu Bateman, G. 1 Kinsey, J. 1 Pankin, A. 1 Onjun, T. 1 Redd, A. 1 McCune, D. 2 Ludescher, C. 2 Pletzer, A. 2 Andre, R. 2 Zakharov, L. 2 Lodestro, L. 3 Pearlstein, L.D. 3 Jong, R. 3 Houlberg, W. 4 Strand, P. 4 Wiley, J. 5 Valanju, P. 5 John, H. St. 6 Waltz, R. 6; Affiliation:  1: Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA  5: Institute of Fusion Studies, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA  6: General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p108; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: DOCUMENTATION; Subject Term: LIBRARIES; Author-Supplied Keyword: NTCC Module Library; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519121 Libraries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519120 Libraries and Archives; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewandowski, J.L.V.
T1  - Characterization of strange attractors in drift wave microturbulence
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 114
EP  - 117
SN  - 00104655
AB  - A multigrid particle-in-cell algorithm for a shearless slab drift wave model with kinetic electrons is presented. The algorithm, which is based on an exact separation of adiabatic and nonadiabatic electron responses, is used to investigate the presence of strange attractors in drift wave turbulence. Although the simulation model has a large number of degrees of freedom, it is found that the strange attractor is low-dimensional and that it is strongly affected by dissipative (collisional) effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - AERODYNAMIC noise
KW  - Driftwave
KW  - Multigrid
KW  - Strange attractor
KW  - Turbulence
N1  - Accession Number: 15561294; Lewandowski, J.L.V. 1; Email Address: jlewandowski@pppl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p114; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: AERODYNAMIC noise; Author-Supplied Keyword: Driftwave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strange attractor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vay, J.-L.
AU  - Adam, J.-C.
AU  - Héron, A.
T1  - Asymmetric PML for the absorption of waves. Application to mesh refinement in electromagnetic Particle-In-Cell plasma simulations
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 177
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We present an extension of the Bérenger Perfectly Matched Layer with additional terms and tunable coefficients which introduce some asymmetry in the absorption rate. We show that the discretized version of the new PML offers superior absorption rates than the discretized standard PML under a plane wave analysis. We also introduce a new method for applying the Mesh Refinement technique to electromagnetic Particle-In-Cell plasma simulations which takes advantage of the high rates of absorption of the new PML. We present the details of the algorithm as well as a 2D example of its application to laser–plasma interaction in the context of fast ignition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS -- Industrial applications
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC compatibility
KW  - RADIO interference
KW  - Absorbing boundary condition
KW  - Mesh refinement
KW  - Particle-In-Cell
KW  - Plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 15561303; Vay, J.-L. 1; Email Address: jlvay@lbl.gov Adam, J.-C. 2 Héron, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA  2: CPHT, Ecole Polytechnique, France; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p171; Subject Term: LASERS -- Industrial applications; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC compatibility; Subject Term: RADIO interference; Author-Supplied Keyword: Absorbing boundary condition; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesh refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle-In-Cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.026
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, W.X.
AU  - Tang, W.M.
AU  - Hinton, F.L.
AU  - Zakharov, L.E.
AU  - White, R.B.
AU  - Manickam, J.
T1  - Global <f>δf</f> particle simulation of neoclassical transport and ambipolar electric field in general geometry
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 182
SN  - 00104655
AB  - A generalized global particle-in-cell (PIC) code has been developed to systematically study neoclassical physics and equilibrium electric field dynamics in general toroidal geometry. This capability enables realistic assessment of the irreducible minimum transport level and the bootstrap current in toroidal systems. The associated analysis takes into account the comprehensive influences of large orbits, toroidal geometry, and self-consistent electric field, for more meaningful experimental comparisons. The simulation model and <f>δf</f> algorithm are described, and an interesting new result of non-local ion thermal transport is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - SIMULATION methods & models
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - <f>δf</f> method
KW  - Ambipolar electric field
KW  - Finite orbit effect
KW  - Neoclassical transport
KW  - Particle-in-cell simulation
KW  - Toroidal geometry
N1  - Accession Number: 15561304; Wang, W.X. 1; Email Address: wwang@pppl.gov Tang, W.M. 1 Hinton, F.L. 2 Zakharov, L.E. 1 White, R.B. 1 Manickam, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92186, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p178; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Author-Supplied Keyword: <f>δf</f> method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ambipolar electric field; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite orbit effect; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neoclassical transport; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle-in-cell simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toroidal geometry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561304&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Samtaney, R.
AU  - Jardin, S.C.
AU  - Colella, P.
AU  - Martin, D.F.
T1  - 3D adaptive mesh refinement simulations of pellet injection in tokamaks
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 220
EP  - 228
SN  - 00104655
AB  - We present results of Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) simulations of the pellet injection process, a proven method of refueling tokamaks. AMR is a computationally efficient way to provide the resolution required to simulate realistic pellet sizes relative to device dimensions. The mathematical model comprises of single-fluid MHD equations with source terms in the continuity equation along with a pellet ablation rate model. The numerical method developed is an explicit unsplit upwinding treatment of the 8-wave formulation, coupled with a MAC projection method to enforce the solenoidal property of the magnetic field. The Chombo framework is used for AMR. The role of the <f>E×B</f> drift in mass redistribution during inside and outside pellet injections is emphasized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MATHEMATICS
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CONSUMPTION (Economics) -- Mathematical models
KW  - CONSUMPTION (Economics)
KW  - 52.65.Kj
KW  - Adaptive Mesh Refinement
KW  - MHD
KW  - Pellet injection
KW  - MHD
N1  - Accession Number: 15561311; Samtaney, R. 1; Email Address: rsamtaney@pppl.gov Jardin, S.C. 1 Colella, P. 2 Martin, D.F. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p220; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CONSUMPTION (Economics) -- Mathematical models; Subject Term: CONSUMPTION (Economics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.65.Kj; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive Mesh Refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pellet injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: Spanish; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.032
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561311&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glasser, A.H.
AU  - Tang, X.Z.
T1  - The SEL macroscopic modeling code
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 237
EP  - 243
SN  - 00104655
AB  - The SEL (Spectral ELement) macroscopic modeling code for magnetically confined plasma combines adaptive spectral element spatial discretization and nonlinearly implicit time stepping via Newton''s method on massively parallel computers. Static condensation is implemented to construct the Shur complement of the Jacobian matrix, which greatly accelerates the linear system solution and distinguishes itself from conventional Newton–Krylov schemes. Grid alignment with the evolving magnetic field, implemented with a variational principle, is a key component of grid adaptation in SEL, and is critical to toroidal plasma applications. Results of 2D magnetic reconnection are shown to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the parallel algorithms built on the Portable, Extensible Toolkits for Scientific Computing (PETSC) framework. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - FIELD theory (Physics)
KW  - GEOMAGNETISM
N1  - Accession Number: 15561313; Glasser, A.H.; Email Address: ahg@lanl.gov Tang, X.Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Mail Stop K717, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p237; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: FIELD theory (Physics); Subject Term: GEOMAGNETISM; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.034
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561313&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, W.W.
T1  - Theoretical and numerical properties of a gyrokinetic plasma: issues related to transport time scale simulation
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 244
EP  - 250
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Particle simulation has played an important role for the recent investigations on turbulence transport in magnetically confined plasmas. In this paper, theoretical and numerical properties of a gyrokinetic plasma as well as its relationship with magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) are discussed with the ultimate aim of simulating microturbulence on transport time scale using massively parallel computers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - COMPUTERS
KW  - TURBULENCE -- Computer simulation
KW  - PARALLEL computers
KW  - 52.30.Gz
KW  - Gyrokinetics
KW  - Particle simulation
N1  - Accession Number: 15561314; Lee, W.W. 1; Email Address: wwlee@pppl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p244; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: TURBULENCE -- Computer simulation; Subject Term: PARALLEL computers; Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.30.Gz; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gyrokinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle simulation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443142 Electronics Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.035
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561314&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ilin, Andrew V.
AU  - Chang Díaz, Franklin R.
AU  - Squire, Jared P.
AU  - Tarditi, Alfonso G.
AU  - Carter, Mark D.
T1  - Improved simulation of the ICRF waves in the VASIMR plasma
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 251
EP  - 257
SN  - 00104655
AB  - This paper describes the recent developments in the modeling of the ICRF heating process in the VASIMR plasma using the EMIR code. The latest upgrade of the EMIR model involves a calculation of the parallel electric field component with a warm plasma conductivity model and considers the Doppler shift effect. The code now gives a much more accurate and a more physical solution than in the previous version, but requires a more advanced solver. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC theory
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - Electromagnetic waves
KW  - MUMPS solver
KW  - Plasma propulsion
N1  - Accession Number: 15561315; Ilin, Andrew V. 1; Email Address: ilin@jsc.nasa.gov Chang Díaz, Franklin R. 1 Squire, Jared P. 1 Tarditi, Alfonso G. 1 Carter, Mark D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p251; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC theory; Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Author-Supplied Keyword: Electromagnetic waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: MUMPS solver; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma propulsion; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.036
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561315&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vay, J.-L.
AU  - Colella, P.
AU  - Friedman, A.
AU  - Grote, D.P.
AU  - McCorquodale, P.
AU  - Serafini, D.B.
T1  - Implementations of mesh refinement schemes for Particle-In-Cell plasma simulations
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 305
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Abstract: Plasma simulations are often rendered challenging by the disparity of scales in time and in space which must be resolved. When these disparities are in distinctive zones of the simulation region, a method which has proven to be effective in other areas (e.g., fluid dynamics simulations) is the mesh refinement technique. We briefly discuss the challenges posed by coupling this technique with plasma Particle-In-Cell simulations and present two implementations in more detail, with examples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - ACCELERATION potential
KW  - Mesh refinement
KW  - Particle-In-Cell
KW  - Plasma
N1  - Accession Number: 15561322; Vay, J.-L. 1; Email Address: jlvay@lbl.gov Colella, P. 1 Friedman, A. 2 Grote, D.P. 2 McCorquodale, P. 1 Serafini, D.B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p297; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: ACCELERATION potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mesh refinement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle-In-Cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plasma; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.075
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561322&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wright, J.C.
AU  - Bonoli, P.T.
AU  - D'Azevedo, E.
AU  - Brambilla, M.
T1  - Ultrahigh resolution simulations of mode converted ion cyclotron waves and lower hybrid waves
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 330
EP  - 335
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Full wave studies of mode conversion (MC) processes in toroidal plasmas have required prohibitive amount of computer resources in the past because of the disparate spatial scales involved. The TORIC code [Brambilla, Nucl. Fusion 38 (1998) 1805] solves the linear sixth order reduced wave equation for the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF), in toroidal geometry using a Fourier representation for the poloidal dimension and finite elements in the flux dimension. The range of problems that TORIC can do has been extended through both new serial algorithms and parallelization of memory and processing. The implementation of out-of-core memory management, FFT convolutions, and improved memory management brought MC studies just into range of the serial version of the code running on a NERSC Cray SV1. Some simple tests and arguments show that more resolution than is possible on a single processor system is needed to fully resolve these scenarios. By distributing the large linear system across many processors in conjunction with the out-of-core technique, the resolution limitations are effectively removed. ScaLAPACK is used to do the linear algebra operations and message passing interface (MPI) is used to distribute the significant amount of post-processing. The new parallel version of the code can easily do the most difficult MC problems on present day tokamaks (Alcator C-Mod and Asdex-Upgrade), with only 32 pc from a local Beowulf cluster. Using 48 or more processors admits us to problems in the lower hybrid range of frequencies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - MICROTRONS
KW  - SYNCHROCYCLOTRONS
KW  - Bernstein
KW  - Fast wave
KW  - Full wave
KW  - IBW
KW  - ICRF
KW  - Lower hybrid
KW  - Simulation
KW  - TORIC
N1  - Accession Number: 15561326; Wright, J.C. 1; Email Address: jcwright@mit.edu Bonoli, P.T. 1 D'Azevedo, E. 2 Brambilla, M. 3; Affiliation:  1: MIT, Plasma Science Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: CSM, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: IPP, Garching, Germany; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p330; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: MICROTRONS; Subject Term: SYNCHROCYCLOTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bernstein; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fast wave; Author-Supplied Keyword: Full wave; Author-Supplied Keyword: IBW; Author-Supplied Keyword: ICRF; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lower hybrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: TORIC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561326&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sonnendrücker, E.
AU  - Filbet, F.
AU  - Friedman, A.
AU  - Oudet, E.
AU  - Vay, J.-L.
T1  - Vlasov simulations of beams with a moving grid
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 390
EP  - 395
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Abstract: Vlasov simulations can for some situations be a valuable alternative to PIC simulations for the study of intense beam propagation. However, as they rely on a phase-space grid which is fixed for the whole simulation, important computing effort can be wasted in zones where no particles are present at some given time. In order to overcome this drawback, we introduce here a new method which makes use of a phase-space grid which is uniform at any given time, but moves in time according to the evolution of the envelope of the beam. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GIRDERS
KW  - BARS (Engineering)
KW  - STRUCTURAL frames
KW  - GRAPHIC statics
KW  - Beam physics
KW  - Moving grid
KW  - Phase-space grid
KW  - Vlasov
N1  - Accession Number: 15561334; Sonnendrücker, E. 1; Email Address: sonnen@math.u-strasbg.fr Filbet, F. 2 Friedman, A. 3 Oudet, E. 1 Vay, J.-L. 4; Affiliation:  1: IRMA, UMR 7501 CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France  2: MAPMO, UMR 6628 CNRS and Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  4: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p390; Subject Term: GIRDERS; Subject Term: BARS (Engineering); Subject Term: STRUCTURAL frames; Subject Term: GRAPHIC statics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Beam physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Moving grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phase-space grid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vlasov; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238130 Framing Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238350 Finish Carpentry Contractors; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.077
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561334&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Allen C.
AU  - Garasi, Christopher J.
T1  - Three-dimensional z-pinch wire array modeling with ALEGRA-HEDP
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 408
EP  - 413
SN  - 00104655
AB  - An understanding of the dynamics of z-pinch wire array explosion and collapse is of critical interest to the development and future of pulsed power inertial confinement fusion experiments. Experimental results clearly show the extreme three-dimensional nature of the wire explosion and collapse process. The physics of this process can be approximated by the resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations augmented by thermal and radiative transport modeling. Z-pinch MHD physics is dominated by material regions whose conductivity properties vary drastically as material passes from solid through melt into plasma regimes. At the same time void regions between the wires are modeled as regions of very low conductivity. This challenging physical situation requires a sophisticated three-dimensional modeling approach matched by sufficient computational resources to make progress in predictive modeling and improved physical understanding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - EARTH sciences
KW  - 02.60.Dc
KW  - 52.65.Kj
KW  - H(curl) multigrid
KW  - Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
KW  - z-pinch
N1  - Accession Number: 15561337; Robinson, Allen C.; Email Address: acrobin@sandia.gov Garasi, Christopher J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0378, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p408; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: EARTH sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.60.Dc; Author-Supplied Keyword: 52.65.Kj; Author-Supplied Keyword: H(curl) multigrid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Author-Supplied Keyword: z-pinch; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.054
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561337&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pankin, Alexei
AU  - Bateman, Glenn
AU  - Budny, Robert
AU  - Kritz, Arnold
AU  - McCune, Douglas
AU  - Polevoi, Alexei
AU  - Voitsekhovitch, Irina
T1  - Numerical techniques used in Neutral Beam Injection modules
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 421
EP  - 427
SN  - 00104655
AB  - This paper describes and compares the numerical techniques for computing the Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) physics used in NBI modules in several integrated modeling codes. The Monte-Carlo NUBEAM module and the Fokker–Planck NBI ASTRA, DBEAMS, FPP, and NBEAMS neutral beam injection modules are considered. Physics included in these modules is discussed. Resulting electron and ion power heating profiles and particle source profiles for the TFTR discharge 66887 and the JET discharge 52009 are compared when computed with the NUBEAM, NBI ASTRA, DBEAMS and FPP modules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - Fokker–Planck equation
KW  - Monte-Carlo
KW  - Neutral Beam Injection
KW  - Tokamak
N1  - Accession Number: 15561339; Pankin, Alexei 1; Email Address: pankin@haven.adnc.net Bateman, Glenn 1 Budny, Robert 2 Kritz, Arnold 1 McCune, Douglas 2 Polevoi, Alexei 3 Voitsekhovitch, Irina 1; Affiliation:  1: Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  3: ITER Naka Joint Work Site, Naka-machi, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 31-0193, Japan; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p421; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fokker–Planck equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monte-Carlo; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutral Beam Injection; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tokamak; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.056
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561339&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ethier, S.
AU  - Lin, Z.
T1  - Porting the 3D gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code GTC to the NEC SX-6 vector architecture: perspectives and challenges
JO  - Computer Physics Communications
JF  - Computer Physics Communications
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 164
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 456
EP  - 458
SN  - 00104655
AB  - Several years of optimization on the cache-based super-scalar architecture has made it more difficult to port the current version of the 3D particle-in-cell code GTC to the NEC SX-6 vector architecture. This paper explains the initial work that has been done to port this code to the SX-6 computer and to optimize the most time consuming parts. After a few modifications, single-processor results show a performance increase of 5.2 compared to the IBM SP Power3 processor, and 2.7 compared to the Power4. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Physics Communications is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPUTER architecture
KW  - COMPUTER input-output equipment
KW  - COMPUTER science
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - 02.70.Ns
KW  - 07.05.Tp
KW  - Code optimization
KW  - Particle-in-cell
KW  - Vector processor
N1  - Accession Number: 15561344; Ethier, S. 1; Email Address: ethier@pppl.gov Lin, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 164 Issue 1-3, p456; Subject Term: COMPUTER architecture; Subject Term: COMPUTER input-output equipment; Subject Term: COMPUTER science; Subject Term: COMPUTER systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: 02.70.Ns; Author-Supplied Keyword: 07.05.Tp; Author-Supplied Keyword: Code optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particle-in-cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vector processor; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541512 Computer Systems Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541514 Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development); Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.060
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15561344&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schultz, Eugene
T1  - Is the U.S. government really getting serious about information security?
JO  - Computers & Security
JF  - Computers & Security
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 23
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 621
EP  - 622
SN  - 01674048
AB  - The United States government aims to improve information security through a program that requires American agencies to develop, document and implement an agency-wide information security for the information and information systems that support the operations and assets of the agency. In the implementation of the program, agencies must show that their security practices conform to standards that the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed through its Special Public 800-026 security self-assessment checklist. NIST continues to produce publications to assist and standardized government agencies
KW  - COMPUTER security
KW  - GOVERNMENT agencies
KW  - INFORMATION services
KW  - INFORMATION resources management
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - NATIONAL Institute of Standards & Technology (U.S.)
N1  - Accession Number: 15665187; Schultz, Eugene 1; Email Address: eeugeneschultz2@aol.com; Affiliations: 1: Principal Computer Engineer, University of California-Berkeley Lab; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 23 Issue 8, p621; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT agencies; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION services; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION resources management; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: NATIONAL Institute of Standards & Technology (U.S.); NAICS/Industry Codes: 911910 Other federal government public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913910 Other local, municipal and regional public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921190 Other General Government Support; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cose.2004.10.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=15665187&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Denis Markiewicz, W.
T1  - Invariant formulation of the strain dependence of the critical temperature Tc of Nb3Sn in a three term approximation
JO  - Cryogenics
JF  - Cryogenics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 44
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 895
EP  - 908
SN  - 00112275
AB  - It has been shown previously in a full detailed analysis that the strain dependence of the critical temperature may be obtained from a general strain invariant formulation of Tc in strong superconductivity. A physical model was presented in which the phonon frequency spectrum is represented through generalized elastic stiffness coefficients that include strain dependence. The primary purpose of the present work is to achieve a simplification of the analysis in order to facilitate calculation and reveal the essential physical content. The formulation in wave vector space of the equations for Tc in strong superconductivity is reviewed. The method of simplification employs a succession of approximations to the effective elastic constants that enter the relation between phonon frequency and wave number. It is found that the effective elastic constants in the crystal symmetry directions may be grouped into sets having similar form, and this form includes terms in common among the sets and difference terms. The difference terms are found to be in the nature of gradients and may be eliminated to good approximation. The common terms include the strain dependence in a form identified as a deformation strain parameter. The analysis treats spherical (hydrostatic) and deformation strain dependence under longitudinal and transverse applied strain for wire and tape conductor. The analysis is applicable over a full range of applied strain, including small strains often described by a power law strain dependence, and larger strains often described by a deviatoric strain approach. A comparison is provided between the results of the full detailed analysis and the results of the approximate treatment showing the degree of agreement in the various applied strain orientations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Cryogenics is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYOELECTRONICS
KW  - STRAIN gages
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - Critical temperature
KW  - Strain effects
KW  - Superconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 14312076; Denis Markiewicz, W. 1; Email Address: markwcz@magnet.fsu.edu; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 44 Issue 12, p895; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: STRAIN gages; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Critical temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Strain effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Superconductors; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2004.06.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14312076&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van de Sompel, Herbert
AU  - Nelson, Michael L.
AU  - Lagoze, Carl
AU  - Warner, Simeon
T1  - Resource Harvesting within the OAI-PMH Framework.
JO  - D-Lib Magazine
JF  - D-Lib Magazine
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
SN  - 10829873
AB  - Motivated by preservation and resource discovery, we examine how digital resources, and not just metadata about resources, can be harvested using the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH). We review and critique existing techniques for identifying and gathering digital resources using metadata harvested through the OAI-PMH. We introduce an alternative solution that builds on the introduction of complex object formats that provide a more accurate way to describe digital resources. We argue that the use of complex object formats as OAI-PMH metadata formats results in a reliable and attractive approach for incremental harvesting of resources using the OAI-PMH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of D-Lib Magazine is the property of Corporation for National Research Initiatives and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems
KW  - METADATA
KW  - INFORMATION resources
KW  - COMPUTER systems
KW  - ELECTRONIC information resources
KW  - INFORMATION services
N1  - Accession Number: 15998423; Van de Sompel, Herbert 1; Email Address: herbertv@lanl.gov; Nelson, Michael L. 2; Email Address: mln@cs.odu.edu; Lagoze, Carl 3; Email Address: lagoze@cs.cornell.edu; Warner, Simeon 3; Email Address: simeon@cs.cornell.edu; Affiliations: 1 : Los Alamos National Laboratory, Research Library; 2 : Old Dominion University, Computer Science Department; 3 : Cornell University, Computing and Information Science;  Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 10 Issue 12, p1; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems; Thesaurus Term: METADATA; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION resources; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER systems; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC information resources; Thesaurus Term: INFORMATION services; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - lih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henrietto I. Jager
AU  - King, Anthony W.
T1  - Spatial Uncertainty and Ecological Models.
JO  - Ecosystems
JF  - Ecosystems
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 7
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 841
EP  - 847
SN  - 14329840
AB  - Applied ecological models that are used to understand and manage natural systems often rely on spatial data as input Spatial uncertainty in these data can propagate into model predictions. Uncertainty analysis, sensitivity analysis, error analysis, error budget analysis, spatial decision analysis, and hypothesis testing using neutral models are all techniques designed to explore the relationship between variation in model inputs and variation in model predictions. Although similar methods can be used to answer them, these approaches address different questions. These approaches differ in (a) wild her the focus is forward or backward (forward to evaluate the magnitude of variation in model predictions propagated or backward to rank input parameters by their influence); (b) whether the question involves model robustness to large variations in spatial pattern or to small deviations from a reference map; and (c) whether processes that generate input uncertainty (for example, cartographic error) are of interest. In this commentary, we propose a taxonomy of approaches, all of which clarify the relationship between spatial uncertainty and the predictions of ecological models. We describe existing techniques and indicate a few areas where research is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Ecosystems is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPATIAL ecology
KW  - COMMUNICATION models
KW  - TAXONOMY
KW  - HYPOTHESIS
KW  - ROBUST control
KW  - ECOLOGICAL research
KW  - error analysis.
KW  - neutral model
KW  - spatial decisio analysis: error btudget analysis
KW  - spatial sensitivity analysis: geostatistics
N1  - Accession Number: 15815369; Henrietto I. Jager 1; Email Address: jagerhi@ornl.gov King, Anthony W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036.USA.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 7 Issue 8, p841; Subject Term: SPATIAL ecology; Subject Term: COMMUNICATION models; Subject Term: TAXONOMY; Subject Term: HYPOTHESIS; Subject Term: ROBUST control; Subject Term: ECOLOGICAL research; Author-Supplied Keyword: error analysis.; Author-Supplied Keyword: neutral model; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial decisio analysis: error btudget analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: spatial sensitivity analysis: geostatistics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meier, Alan
AU  - Lin, Jiang
AU  - Liu, Jiang
AU  - Li, Tienan
T1  - Standby power use in Chinese homes
JO  - Energy & Buildings
JF  - Energy & Buildings
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1211
EP  - 1216
SN  - 03787788
AB  - This paper presents the first study of standby power use and its saving potential in China. Standby power use refers to power consumed by appliances when they are switched off or are not providing their intended functions. Appliances in 28 urban Chinese homes were surveyed and standby power use was measured. The combined standby power use was about 29 W per home. However, many occupants unplug appliances when not in use, so standby energy use accounts for 50–200 kWh per year in an average urban home. Residential standby power consumption in China requires the electrical output equivalent of at least six 500 MW power plants. Levels of standby power use in Chinese homes are below those observed in developed countries but still high in part because Chinese appliances have higher standby than similar products in developed countries. Existing technologies are available to greatly reduce standby power at low costs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy & Buildings is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Emergency power supply
KW  - Electric apparatus & appliances
KW  - Developed countries
KW  - China
KW  - Conservation potential
KW  - Homes
KW  - Measurements
KW  - Standby power
N1  - Accession Number: 14580699; Meier, Alan 1; Email Address: akmeier@lbl.gov; Lin, Jiang 1; Liu, Jiang 2; Li, Tienan 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Energy Analysis Department, Laboratory, Building 90, Room 2000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2: CEPREI, Guangzhou, China; 3: CECP, Beijing, China; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 36 Issue 12, p1211; Subject Term: Emergency power supply; Subject Term: Electric apparatus & appliances; Subject: Developed countries; Subject: China; Author-Supplied Keyword: Conservation potential; Author-Supplied Keyword: Homes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standby power; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416110 Electrical wiring and construction supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335990 All other electrical equipment and component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.enbuild.2003.10.011
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=14580699&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schulze, Roland K.
AU  - Hill, Mary Ann
AU  - Field, Robert D.
AU  - Papin, Pallas A.
AU  - Hanrahan, Robert J.
AU  - Byler, Darrin D.
T1  - Characterization of carbonated serpentine using XPS and TEM
JO  - Energy Conversion & Management
JF  - Energy Conversion & Management
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 45
IS  - 20
M3  - Article
SP  - 3169
EP  - 3179
SN  - 01968904
AB  - With the increasing concentration volume of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, there has been an increasing interest in carbon dioxide sequestration. One method is to store the carbon dioxide in mineral form, reacting solution dissolved CO2 to precipitate carbonates. In order to understand whether or not such an endeavor is feasible, the carbonation reaction must first be understood. In this study, the surface of ground serpentine, untreated, heat treated and following a carbonation experiment, has been characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the mechanism for the reaction involves dissolution of the serpentine through the formation of an amorphous phase and subsequent precipitation of magnesite. The rate limiting step appears to be the diffusion of Mg out of the amorphous phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Energy Conversion & Management is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon dioxide
KW  - Serpentine
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Photoelectrons
KW  - Carbonation
KW  - CO2 sequestration
KW  - Lizardite
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
KW  - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 14101859; Schulze, Roland K. 1; Hill, Mary Ann; Email Address: mahill@lanl.gov; Field, Robert D. 1; Papin, Pallas A. 1; Hanrahan, Robert J. 1; Byler, Darrin D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 45 Issue 20, p3169; Thesaurus Term: Carbon dioxide; Subject Term: Serpentine; Subject Term: Microscopy; Subject Term: Photoelectrons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbonation; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2 sequestration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lizardite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212316 Marble mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.enconman.2004.02.003
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Chris G.
AU  - Mascetti, Michelle
AU  - Vellinger, Robert J.
AU  - Hoppes, William G.
T1  - Testing a Flow-Through Respirometer for Use in Early Warning of Water Contamination.
JO  - Environmental Practice
JF  - Environmental Practice
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 306
EP  - 315
SN  - 14660474
AB  - There is the potential to use continuous sampling whole effluent toxicity monitors, based on respirometry, as early warning systems for water contamination. In order to apply these monitors, however, many issues influencing system response and data analysis must be addressed. This study examines the use of a continuous flow-through toxicity monitor (Bioscan®) to (1) determine the sensitivity, accuracy, and precision of the toxicity monitor to different concentrations of a stressing agent (in this case pH), (2) establish operational and maintenance procedures, and (3) examine the consistency in the measured response to a single perturbation. The system precision was sensitive to all the pH pulse perturbations, with stable background variability (1% to 6%); however, replicated pulse applications demonstrated that the system has lower accuracy (31% to 38%). The response consistency was limited, with notable differences in maximum dissolved oxygen and recovery time. The initial response time (inclining slope) was relatively consistent. Although this examination should be repeated with other contaminants used to stress the toxicity monitor, it appears that continuous flow-through toxicity monitors like the Bioscan® are well suited for qualitative early alert warning systems for water contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Practice is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Water pollution
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Wastewater treatment
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Respirometers
N1  - Accession Number: 15412982; Campbell, Chris G. 1; Email Address: campbell48@llnl.gov; Mascetti, Michelle 1; Vellinger, Robert J. 1; Hoppes, William G. 1; Affiliations: 1: Water Guidance and Monitoring Group, Environmental Protection Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p306; Thesaurus Term: Water pollution; Thesaurus Term: Environmental engineering; Thesaurus Term: Wastewater treatment; Thesaurus Term: Toxicity testing; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Subject Term: Respirometers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15412982&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huesemann, Michael H.
T1  - The Failure of Eco-Efficiency to Guarantee Sustainability: Future Challenges for Industrial Ecology.
JO  - Environmental Progress
JF  - Environmental Progress
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 264
EP  - 270
SN  - 02784491
AB  - Demonstrates that modern Western industrial societies cannot become sustainable through improvements in eco-efficiency alone but that changes in life-style, social structure and values will be required as well. Environmental impacts of renewable and nuclear energy generation; Concepts of sustainability; Limited potential of recycling and substitution; Benefit of the growth in population and consumption.
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Economic development -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Nuclear energy
KW  - Lifestyles
KW  - Social structure
N1  - Accession Number: 15695802; Huesemann, Michael H. 1; Email Address: michael.huesemann@pnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Science Laboratory, Sequim, WA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p264; Thesaurus Term: Sustainable development; Thesaurus Term: Economic development -- Environmental aspects; Thesaurus Term: Environmental impact analysis; Thesaurus Term: Renewable energy sources; Thesaurus Term: Nuclear energy; Subject Term: Lifestyles; Subject Term: Social structure; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/ep.10044
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Macleod, Matthew
AU  - Mckone, Thomas E.
AU  - Foster, Karen L.
AU  - Maddalena, Randy L.
AU  - Parkerton, Thomas F.
AU  - Mackay, Don
T1  - Applications of Contaminant Fate and Bioaccumulation Models in Assessing Ecological Risks of Chemicals: A Case Study for Gasoline Hydrocarbons.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 38
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 6225
EP  - 6233
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - Mass balance models of chemical fate and transport can be applied in ecological risk assessments for quantitative estimation of concentrations in air, water, soil, and sediment These concentrations can, in turn, be used to estimate organism exposures and ultimately internal tissue concentrations that can be compared to mode-of-action- based critical body residues that induce toxic effects. From this comparison, risks to the exposed organism can be evaluated. To demonstrate the use of fate models in ecological risk assessment, we combine the Equilibrium Criterion (EQC) environmental fate model with a simple screening level biouptake model for three representative organisms: a bird, a mammal, and a fish. This effort yields estimates of internal body concentrations that can be compared with levels known to elicit toxic effects. As an illustration, we present an analysis of 24 hydrocarbon components of gasoline that differ in properties but are assumed to elicit toxicity by a common narcotic mode of action. Results demonstrate that differences in chemical properties and mode of entry into the environment lead to profound differences in the efficiency of transport from emission to target biota. We discuss the implications of these results and draw attention to the insights gained about regional fate and ecological risks associated with gasoline. This approach is suitable for assessing single chemicals or mixtures that have similar modes of action. We conclude that the model-based methodologies presented are widely applicable for screening level ecological risk assessments that support effective chemicals management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ecological risk assessment
KW  - Bioaccumulation
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Risk management in business
N1  - Accession Number: 15412773; Macleod, Matthew 1; Email Address: mjmacleod@lbl.gov; Mckone, Thomas E. 1,2; Foster, Karen L. 3; Maddalena, Randy L. 1; Parkerton, Thomas F. 4; Mackay, Don 3; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R3058, Berkeley, California 94 720-8132.; 2: University of California School of Public Health and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720-8132.; 3: Trent University Canadian Environmental Modelling Centre, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8.; 4: ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc., 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, New Jersey 08801-0971.; Issue Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 23, p6225; Thesaurus Term: Ecological risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Bioaccumulation; Thesaurus Term: Hydrocarbons; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Subject Term: Chemicals; Subject Term: Risk management in business; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Robinson, Peter
AU  - MacDonell, Margaret
T1  - Priorities for mixtures health effects research
JO  - Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology
JF  - Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 213
SN  - 13826689
AB  - In order to better inform scientific decision making in the occupational environment, we need a better understanding of the toxicology of mixed exposures. In particular, we need an understanding of the dose–response relationship from the level of individual or population exposure down to the molecular level (and then back up again from the molecular level to the specific health-related response of the organism as a whole). Mixtures toxicology is proving to be different from single-chemical toxicology in several fundamental but barely recognized ways:<ce:list><ce:list-item>complex chemical mixtures may consist of thousands of (often unidentified) components, each often at very low doses, but together constituting significant exposure levels;</ce:list-item><ce:list-item>exposure is nearly always via multiple routes, pathways;</ce:list-item><ce:list-item>other stressors such as noise, heat, infection, etc., may play a significant role in the overall environmental health response;</ce:list-item><ce:list-item>interactions are potentially many and varied: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions may occur at the same site, or at different sites via complex physiological processes (including defense mechanisms);</ce:list-item><ce:list-item>cumulative effects of different exposures/stresses over time need to be considered (altering the “baseline” susceptibility of the individual).</ce:list-item></ce:list>Knowledge gained in mixtures research should be able to improve current risk assessment and mitigation or intervention methods. In NIOSH''s National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) three priority areas have been identified:<ce:list><ce:list-item>Epidemiology: Improvement of statistical tools to identify mixed effects from available epidemiological data (“confounding factors are mixtures effects”). Awareness of disease states with significant environmental components (Gulf War Syndrome (GWS), Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS), etc.). Recognition and investigation of the complexity of disease related responses to multiple (simultaneous and serial) stressors (immune system, endocrine system, nervous system, etc.). Wider emphasis on relatively new concepts such as susceptibility, which links the genetic and environmental components of a disease. Disease itself is of course also a stressor.</ce:list-item><ce:list-item>Laboratory approaches: Methods need to be developed to understand and integrate experimental data from the molecular to the whole organism level for understanding multiple data (proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics/metabonomics) from mixed exposures. Understanding and prediction of precursors to adverse health effects will inevitably lead to identification of useful biomarkers of effect, and to earlier and more effective intervention strategies. We also need to improve our ability to forecast interaction effects from mixed exposures using less costly cellular-based screening tools and computer modeling (e.g. QSAR), and develop improved models for large-scale studies of the nature of chemical interactions that lump responses by chemical classes.</ce:list-item><ce:list-item>Modeling as integrator of data: Development and validation of mechanism-based models and predictive tools are essential for improving current risk assessment processes for mixtures. For example, current linked physiologically-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) models for multiple simultaneous exposures to chemicals (such as BTEX) need to be extended to more complex mixtures, and new statistical methods of dealing with possibly thousands of components need to be developed. Ultimately, such models may become an integral part of a model of the “virtual human” via computer simulation.</ce:list-item></ce:list> [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - RISK assessment
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - PUBLIC health
KW  - Chronic disease
KW  - Mixtures interactions
KW  - Modeling
KW  - PBPK
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Susceptibility
KW  - Toxicokinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 14961106; Robinson, Peter; Email Address: peter.robinson@wpafb.af.mil MacDonell, Margaret 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, IL, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p201; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: TOXICOLOGY; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chronic disease; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mixtures interactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Modeling; Author-Supplied Keyword: PBPK; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Susceptibility; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxicokinetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.etap.2004.01.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fleiseher, P.
AU  - Klüpfel, P.
AU  - Cornelius, T.
AU  - Bürvenich, T. J.
AU  - Schramm, S.
AU  - Maruhn, J. A.
AU  - Reinhard, P. -G.
T1  - The two-proton shell gap in Sn isotopes.
JO  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
JF  - European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 363
EP  - 370
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14346001
AB  - We present an analysis of two-proton shell gaps in Sn isotopes. As theoretical tool we use self-consistent mean-field models, namely the relativistic mean-field model and the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach, both with two different pairing forces, a delta interaction (DI) model and a density-dependent delta interaction (DDDI). We investigate the influence of nuclear deformation as well as collective correlations and find that both effects contribute significantly. Moreover, we find a further significant dependence on the pairing force used. The inclusion of deformation plus correlation effects and the use of DDDI pairing provides agreement with the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - NUCLEAR shapes
KW  - NUCLEAR shell theory
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - SKYRME model
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - 21.10.Dr Binding energies and masses
KW  - 21.10.Pc Single-particle levels and strength functions
KW  - 21.60.Jz Hartree-Fock and random-phase approximations
KW  - 24.10.Jv Relativistic models
N1  - Accession Number: 15205900; Fleiseher, P. 1 Klüpfel, P. 1 Cornelius, T. 2 Bürvenich, T. J. 3 Schramm, S. 2 Maruhn, J. A. 2 Reinhard, P. -G. 1; Email Address: reinhard@theorie2.physik.uni-erlangen.de; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Uriiversität Erlangen, Staudtstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany  2: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Uriiversität Frankfurt, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany  3: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p363; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shapes; Subject Term: NUCLEAR shell theory; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: SKYRME model; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 21.10.Dr Binding energies and masses; Author-Supplied Keyword: 21.10.Pc Single-particle levels and strength functions; Author-Supplied Keyword: 21.60.Jz Hartree-Fock and random-phase approximations; Author-Supplied Keyword: 24.10.Jv Relativistic models; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epja/i2004-10054-4
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15205900&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Muller, F.
AU  - Guenoun, P.
AU  - Delsanti, M.
AU  - Demé, B.
AU  - Auvray, L.
AU  - Yang, J.
AU  - Mays, J. W.
T1  - Spherical polyelectrolyte block copolymer micelles: Structural change in presence of monovalent salt.
JO  - European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter
JF  - European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 465
EP  - 472
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 12928941
AB  - Spherical polyelectrolyte block copolymer micelles were investigated as a function of added NaCl salt concentration using Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and Light Scattering (LS). The micelles are formed by the self-association of charged-neutral copolymers made of a long deuterated polyelectrolyte moiety (NaPSSd)251 and a short hydrophobic moiety (PEP)52. In presence of salt, the core shape and the aggregation number of the micelles are not affected. The hydrodynamic radius of the micelle is found to be identical to the radius of the whole micelle deduced from neutron scattering and thus the hydrodynamic radius is a valid measure of the corona thickness. At the lowest salt concentrations investigated the thickness of the corona,Rs, remains essentially constant and a contraction is observed above an added-salt concentrationcs of 2×10-2 M where this crossover concentration corresponds to the average ionic strength of the free counterions in the corona. The contraction takes place while maintaining a rod-like behavior of the chains at short scale and obeys to:Rs ~cs-0.18. The exponent 0.18 suggests an electrostatic persistence length proportional to the Debye screening length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLYELECTROLYTES
KW  - ELECTROLYTES
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - MICELLES
KW  - MONOVALENT cations
KW  - 61.25.Hq Macromolecular and polymer solutions; polymer melts; swelling
KW  - 82.35.Rs Polyelectrolytes
KW  - 83.80.Uv Block copolymers
N1  - Accession Number: 15643927; Muller, F. 1,2 Guenoun, P. 3; Email Address: guenoun@drecam.saclay.cea.fr Delsanti, M. 3 Demé, B. 4 Auvray, L. 5 Yang, J. 6 Mays, J. W. 7; Affiliation:  1: DRECAM, Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  2: Department of Physics, Soft Condensed Matter Group, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3 CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland  3: DRECAM, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire sur l'Organisation Nanométrique et Supramoléculaire (LIONS), Service de Chimie Moléculaire, CEA-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  4: Institut Laue-Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex, France  5: DRECAM, Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France  6: Waters Corporation, 34 Maple Street, Milford, MA 01757-3696, USA  7: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p465; Subject Term: POLYELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: ELECTROLYTES; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: MICELLES; Subject Term: MONOVALENT cations; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.25.Hq Macromolecular and polymer solutions; polymer melts; swelling; Author-Supplied Keyword: 82.35.Rs Polyelectrolytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: 83.80.Uv Block copolymers; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1140/epje/i2004-10079-y
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fanchiotti, H.
AU  - Sciutto, S. J.
AU  - Canal, C. A. García
AU  - Hojvat, C.
T1  - ANALYSIS OF SUNSPOT NUMBER FLUCTUATIONS.
JO  - Fractals
JF  - Fractals
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 405
EP  - 411
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0218348X
AB  - Monthly averages of the sunspot number visible on the sun, observed from 1749, Zurich Observatory, and from 1848 other observatories, have been analyzed. This time signal presents a frequency power spectra with a clear 1/fα behavior with α≃0.8±0.2. The well-known cycle of approximately 11 years, clearly present in the spectrum, does not produce a sensible distortion of that behavior. The eventual characterization of the sunspot time series as a fractal is analyzed by means of the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). The jump-size distribution of the signal is also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Fractals is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUNSPOTS
KW  - STARSPOTS
KW  - SOLAR activity
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - FRACTALS
KW  - DIMENSION theory (Topology)
KW  - Spectrum
KW  - Sunspots
KW  - Time Series
N1  - Accession Number: 15740954; Fanchiotti, H. 1; Email Address: huner@fisica.unlp.edu.ar Sciutto, S. J. 1; Email Address: sciutto@fisica.unlp.edu.ar Canal, C. A. García 2; Email Address: Carlos.A.Garcia@uv.es Hojvat, C. 3; Email Address: hojvat@fnal.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratorio de Física Teórica Departamento de Física and IFLP (Conicet) Universidad Nacional de La Plata C.C. 67–1900 La Plata, Argentina  2: Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad de Valencia E-46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain  3: Fermilab, P.O. Box 500-Batavia IL 60510–0500, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p405; Subject Term: SUNSPOTS; Subject Term: STARSPOTS; Subject Term: SOLAR activity; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: FRACTALS; Subject Term: DIMENSION theory (Topology); Author-Supplied Keyword: Spectrum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sunspots; Author-Supplied Keyword: Time Series; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnston, Carol A.
AU  - Groffman, Peter
AU  - Breshears, David D.
AU  - Cardon, Zoe G.
AU  - Currie, William
AU  - Emanuel, William
AU  - Gaudinski, Julia
AU  - Jackson, Robert B.
AU  - Lajtha, Kate
AU  - Nadelhoffer, Knute
AU  - Nelson Jr., David
AU  - Post, W. Mac
AU  - Retallack, Greg
AU  - Wielpolski, Lucian
T1  - Carbon cycling in soil.
JO  - Frontiers in Ecology & the Environment
JF  - Frontiers in Ecology & the Environment
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 522
EP  - 528
SN  - 15409295
AB  - As yet, nobody knows what effects climate change will have on soil carbon reserves, or how those changes will affect the global carbon cycle. Soils are the primary terrestrial repository for carbon, so minor changes in the balance between belowground carbon storage and release could have major impacts on greenhouse gases. Soil fauna, roots, fungi, and microbes interact with mineral and organic matter to process soil carbon. Studies have been hampered by the difficulty of observing processes beneath the earth's surface, but advances in science and technology are improving our ability to understand belowground ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Frontiers in Ecology & the Environment is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
KW  - Carbon in soils
KW  - Climatic changes
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Roots (Botany)
KW  - Fungi
KW  - Bacteria
N1  - Accession Number: 15364641; Johnston, Carol A. 1; Email Address: Carol.Johnston@sdstate.edu; Groffman, Peter 2; Breshears, David D. 3; Cardon, Zoe G. 4; Currie, William 5; Emanuel, William 6; Gaudinski, Julia 7; Jackson, Robert B. 8; Lajtha, Kate 9; Nadelhoffer, Knute 5; Nelson Jr., David 10; Post, W. Mac 11; Retallack, Greg 12; Wielpolski, Lucian 13; Affiliations: 1: South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006; 2: Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY; 3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; 4: University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT; 5: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; 6: University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA; 7: University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA; 8: Duke University, Durham, NC; 9: Oregon State University, Corvallis OR; 10: Aerodyne Research Inc, Billerica, MA; 11: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN; 12: University of Oregon, Eugene, OR; 13: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 2 Issue 10, p522; Thesaurus Term: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Thesaurus Term: Carbon in soils; Thesaurus Term: Climatic changes; Thesaurus Term: Greenhouse gases; Thesaurus Term: Roots (Botany); Thesaurus Term: Fungi; Thesaurus Term: Bacteria; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Color Photograph, 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bruce#Tonn
T1  - THINKING ABOUT THE FUTURE: OBSERVATIONS FROM THE FIELD.
JO  - Futures Research Quarterly
JF  - Futures Research Quarterly
Y1  - 2004///Winter2004
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 33
EP  - 46
PB  - World Future Society
SN  - 87553317
AB  - Discusses cases describing ways in which people think about uncertainty and the future. Impact of professional culture on future-oriented thinking; Institutional forces that appear to thwart future-oriented thinking, budget cycles and lack of assigned responsibilities to think about the future.
KW  - UNCERTAINTY
KW  - THOUGHT & thinking
KW  - FUTUROLOGISTS
KW  - SCHOLARS
KW  - REASONING (Logic)
N1  - Accession Number: 17135798; Bruce#Tonn 1; Email Address: btonn@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of Tennessee-Knoxville and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee; Source Info: Winter2004, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p33; Subject Term: UNCERTAINTY; Subject Term: THOUGHT & thinking; Subject Term: FUTUROLOGISTS; Subject Term: SCHOLARS; Subject Term: REASONING (Logic); Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Noonan, James P.
AU  - Grimwood, Jane
AU  - Danke, Joshua
AU  - Schmutz, Jeremy
AU  - Dickson, Mark
AU  - Amemiya, Chris T.
AU  - Myers, Richard M.
T1  - Coelacanth genome sequence reveals the evolutionary history of vertebrate genes.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2397
EP  - 2405
SN  - 10889051
AB  - The coelacanth is one of the nearest living relatives of tetrapods. However, a teleost species such as zebrafish or Fugu is typically used as the outgroup in current tetrapod comparative sequence analyses. Such studies are complicated by the fact that teleost genomes have undergone a whole-genome duplication event, as well as individual gene-duplication events. Here, we demonstrate the value of coelacanth genome sequence by complete sequencing and analysis of the protocadherin gene cluster of the Indonesian coelacanth, Latimeria menadoensis. We found that coelacanth has 49 protocadherin cluster genes organized in the same three ordered subclusters, α, β, and γ, as the 54 protocadherin cluster genes in human. In contrast, whole-genome and tandem duplications have generated two zebrafish protocadherin clusters comprised of at least 97 genes. Additionally, zebrafish protocadherins are far more prone to homogenizing gene conversion events than coelacanth protocadherins, suggesting that recombination- and duplication-driven plasticity may be a feature of teleost genomes. Our results indicate that coelacanth provides the ideal outgroup sequence against which tetrapod genomes can be measured. We therefore present L. menadoensis as a candidate for whole-genome sequencing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genome Research is the property of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COELACANTHIFORMES
KW  - ZEBRA danio
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - GENES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - FISH as laboratory animals
N1  - Accession Number: 15413016; Noonan, James P. 1,2 Grimwood, Jane 3 Danke, Joshua 4 Schmutz, Jeremy 3 Dickson, Mark 3 Amemiya, Chris T. 4 Myers, Richard M. 1,3; Email Address: myers@shgc.stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5120, USA  2: Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Stanford Human Genome Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA  4: Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 14 Issue 12, p2397; Subject Term: COELACANTHIFORMES; Subject Term: ZEBRA danio; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: FISH as laboratory animals; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1101/gr.2972804
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Boffelli, Dario
AU  - Weer, Claire V.
AU  - Li Weng
AU  - Lewis, Keith D.
AU  - Shoukry, Malak I.
AU  - Pachter, Lior
AU  - Keys, David N.
AU  - Rubin, Edward M.
T1  - Intraspecies sequence comparisons for annotating genomes.
JO  - Genome Research
JF  - Genome Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2406
EP  - 2411
SN  - 10889051
AB  - Analysis of sequence variation among members of a single species offers a potential approach to identify functional DNA elements responsible for biological features unique to that species. Due to its high rate of allelic polymorphism and ease of genetic manipulability, we chose the sea squirt, Ciona intestinalis, to explore intraspecies sequence comparisons for genome annotation. A large number of C. intestinalis specimens were collected from four continents, and a set of genomic intervals were amplified, resequenced, and analyzed to determine the mutation rates at each nucleotide in the sequence. We found that regions with low mutation rates efficiently demarcated functionally constrained sequences: these include a set of noncoding elements, which we showed in C. intestinalis transgenic assays to act as tissue-specific enhancers, as well as the location of coding sequences. This illustrates that comparisons of multiple members of a species can be used for genome annotation, suggesting a path for the annotation of the sequenced genomes of organisms occupying uncharacterized phylogenetic branches of the animal kingdom. It also raises the possibility that the resequencing of a large number of Homo sapiens individuals might be used to annotate the human genome and identify sequences defining traits unique to our species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Genome Research is the property of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - TUNICATA
KW  - HUMAN chromosomes
KW  - HUMAN gene mapping
KW  - HUMAN genome
N1  - Accession Number: 15413017; Boffelli, Dario 1,2 Weer, Claire V. 1,2 Li Weng 1,2 Lewis, Keith D. 1,2 Shoukry, Malak I. 1,2 Pachter, Lior 2,3 Keys, David N. 1,2 Rubin, Edward M. 1,2; Email Address: emrubin@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: US Dept. of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA  2: Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  3: Department of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 14 Issue 12, p2406; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: TUNICATA; Subject Term: HUMAN chromosomes; Subject Term: HUMAN gene mapping; Subject Term: HUMAN genome; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1101/gr.3199704
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reeder, Richard J.
AU  - Elzinga, Evert J.
AU  - Tait, C. Drew
AU  - Rector, K.D.
AU  - Donohoe, Robert J.
AU  - Morris, David E.
T1  - Site-specific incorporation of uranyl carbonate species at the calcite surface
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 68
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4799
EP  - 4808
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Abstract: Spatially resolved luminescence spectra from U(VI) co-precipitated at the (101̄4) growth surface of synthetic calcite single crystals confirm heterogeneous incorporation corresponding to the distribution of structurally non-equivalent steps composing the vicinal surfaces of spiral growth hillocks. Spectral structure from U(VI) luminescence at the “–” vicinal regions and featureless, weak luminescence at the “+” vicinal regions are consistent with previously reported observations of enrichment at the former sites during calcite growth. Luminescence spectra differ between the non-equivalent regions of the crystal, with the spectral features from the “–” vicinal region corresponding to those observed in bulk calcite samples. Subtle spectral shifts are observed from U(VI) co-precipitated with microcrystalline calcite synthesized by a different method, and all of the U(VI)-calcite sample spectra differ significantly from that of U(VI) co-precipitated with aragonite. The step-selective incorporation of U(VI) can be explained by a proposed model in which the allowed orientation for adsorption of the dominant calcium uranyl triscarbonate species is controlled by the atomic arrangement at step edges. Differences in the tilt angles of carbonate groups between non-equivalent growth steps favor adsorption of the calcium uranyl triscarbonate species at “–” steps, as observed in experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Surface chemistry
KW  - Luminescence spectroscopy
KW  - Calcite
KW  - Rock-forming minerals
N1  - Accession Number: 19255773; Reeder, Richard J. 1; Email Address: rjreeder@stonybrook.edu; Elzinga, Evert J. 1; Tait, C. Drew 2; Rector, K.D. 3; Donohoe, Robert J. 3; Morris, David E. 2; Affiliations: 1: Department of Geosciences and Center for Environmental Molecular Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100, USA; 2: Chemistry Division, G. T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: Biosciences Division, G. T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 68 Issue 23, p4799; Thesaurus Term: Surface chemistry; Subject Term: Luminescence spectroscopy; Subject Term: Calcite; Subject Term: Rock-forming minerals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rao, Linfeng
AU  - Srinivasan, Thandankorai G.
AU  - Garnov, Alexander Yu
AU  - Zanonato, PierLuigi
AU  - Di Bernardo, Plinio
AU  - Bismondo, Arturo
T1  - Hydrolysis of neptunium(V) at variable temperatures (10–85°C)
JO  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
JF  - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 68
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 4821
EP  - 4830
SN  - 00167037
AB  - Abstract: Neptunium is one of the few radioactive elements that are of great concern in the disposal of nuclear wastes in the geological repository, due to its hazards and the long half-life of the isotope, 237Np (t1/2 = 2.14 × 106 years). To understand and predict the migration behavior of neptunium in the geological media, it is of importance to study its hydrolysis at elevated temperatures, because the temperature in the waste package and the vicinity of the repository could be high. Moreover, the chemical analogy between neptunium(V) and plutonium(V) adds even greater value to this investigation, because the latter could exist at tracer levels in neutral and slightly oxidizing waters but is difficult to study due to its rather labile redox behavior. In this work, the hydrolysis of neptunium(V) was studied at variable temperatures (10 to 85°C) in tetramethylammonium chloride (1.12 mol kg−1). Two hydrolyzed species of neptunium(V), NpO2OH(aq) and NpO2(OH)2−, were identified by potentiometry and Near-IR absorption spectroscopy. The hydrolysis constants (*βn) and enthalpy of hydrolysis (ΔHn) for the reaction NpO2+ + nH2O = NpO2(OH)n(1−n)+ + nH+ (n = 1 and 2) were determined by titration potentiometry and microcalorimetry. The hydrolysis constants, *β1 and *β2, increased by 0.8 and 3.4 orders of magnitude, respectively, as the temperature was increased from 10 to 85°C. The enhancement of hydrolysis at elevated temperatures is mainly due to the significant increase of the degree of ionization of water as the temperature is increased. The hydrolysis reactions are endothermic but become less endothermic as the temperature is increased. The heat capacities of hydrolysis, ΔCp1 and ΔCp2, are calculated to be −(71 ± 17) J K−1 mol−1 and −(127 ± 17) J K−1 mol−1, respectively. Approximation approaches to predict the effect of temperature, including the constant enthalpy approach, the constant heat capacity approach and the DQUANT equation, have been tested with the data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Neptunium
KW  - Radioactive wastes
KW  - Plutonium
N1  - Accession Number: 19255775; Rao, Linfeng 1; Email Address: LRao@lbl.gov; Srinivasan, Thandankorai G. 1; Garnov, Alexander Yu 1; Zanonato, PierLuigi 2; Di Bernardo, Plinio 2; Bismondo, Arturo 3; Affiliations: 1: Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.; 2: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy; 3: Istituto di Chimica Inorganica e delle Superfici del C.N.R. of Padova, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 68 Issue 23, p4821; Thesaurus Term: Hydrolysis; Thesaurus Term: Neptunium; Thesaurus Term: Radioactive wastes; Thesaurus Term: Plutonium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.gca.2004.06.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weber, Michael W.
AU  - Hoffman, David K.
AU  - Hrenya, Christine M.
T1  - Discrete-particle simulations of cohesive granular flow using a square-well potential.
JO  - Granular Matter
JF  - Granular Matter
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 239
EP  - 254
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 14345021
AB  - In the present study, rapid granular flows with attractive inter-particle forces are investigated. In particular, cohesive forces are incorporated into hard-sphere (molecular dynamics) simulations via a square-well potential. The square-well potential treats cohesive forces as both binary and instantaneous. For simple shear flows, an investigation of the input parameter space indicates that two distinct flow regimes are present. For relatively large cohesive forces, the formation of a large, single agglomerate is observed. For moderate cohesive forces, the sheared system is composed of mostly 2-particle, dynamic agglomerates that are fairly evenly distributed throughout the domain. Furthermore, the results for this latter regime indicate that cohesion attenuates the magnitude of the stress components at higher solids fractions (in the collisional regime) as compared to the non-cohesive case. At lower solids fractions (kinetic regime), however the presence of cohesive forces has little impact on the observed stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Granular Matter is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRANULAR materials
KW  - COHESION
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SHEAR flow
KW  - FLUIDIZATION
KW  - RHEOLOGY
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - Agglomeration
KW  - Cohesion
KW  - Granular flows
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Square-well potential
N1  - Accession Number: 15327370; Weber, Michael W. 1 Hoffman, David K. 2 Hrenya, Christine M. 1; Email Address: hrenya@colorado.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of Colorado, Department of Chemical Engineering  2: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p239; Subject Term: GRANULAR materials; Subject Term: COHESION; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: SHEAR flow; Subject Term: FLUIDIZATION; Subject Term: RHEOLOGY; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Agglomeration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cohesion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Granular flows; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Square-well potential; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10035-004-0179-5
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fowler, Kim
AU  - Engel-Cox, Jill
T1  - Getting Out There: Incorporating Site Visits and Industry Assessments in Pollution Prevention and Sustainability Education.
JO  - Greener Management International
JF  - Greener Management International
Y1  - 2004///Winter2004/2005
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 90
PB  - Greenleaf Publishing
SN  - 09669671
AB  - In both business training and academic courses, students value a clear connection between the theoretical concepts they are learning and their application in the 'real' world. In subjects such as pollution prevention, design for sustainability and cleaner production, where industry application is the measure of true value, it becomes even more important for students to get direct personal experience. The challenges, barriers and incentives involved in conducting an environmental assessment cannot be easily simulated in a classroom setting, even with case studies or games. Additionally, engineers and business managers in industrial training often want to work directly on their own challenges. One approach is to incorporate an environmental assessment of an actual industry or small business directly into the training. The assessment can range from a simple site visit followed by in-class discussion to multiple site visits with written analytical reports. While the inherent uncertainties of this method can be challenging for teacher and students alike, we have successfully accomplished it in a variety of settings, including: ▶ Semester-length university sustainability courses including assessments at small local businesses ▶ Week-long cleaner production general training including half-day site visits followed by in-class brainstorming and role-play ▶ Two-day assessment training with multidisciplinary teams from the same organisation working on their own industrial processes and/or facility designs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Greener Management International is the property of Greenleaf Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Pollution prevention
KW  - Environmental education
KW  - Occupational training
KW  - Small business
KW  - Discussion
KW  - Classroom activities
KW  - Cleaner production
KW  - Design for sustainability
KW  - Environmental assessments
KW  - Industry assessments
KW  - Site visits
KW  - Sustainability
N1  - Accession Number: 22821571; Fowler, Kim 1; Email Address: kim.fowler@pnl.gov; Engel-Cox, Jill 2; Email Address: engelcoxj@battelle.org; Affiliations: 1: Senior Research Engineer, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA.; 2: Senior Research Scientist, Battelle Memorial Institute, USA.; Issue Info: Winter2004/2005, Issue 48, p83; Thesaurus Term: Pollution prevention; Thesaurus Term: Environmental education; Subject Term: Occupational training; Subject Term: Small business; Subject Term: Discussion; Subject Term: Classroom activities; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cleaner production; Author-Supplied Keyword: Design for sustainability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental assessments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Industry assessments; Author-Supplied Keyword: Site visits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sustainability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624310 Vocational Rehabilitation Services; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Breshears, David D.
T1  - 2004 DISTINGUISHED SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENT AWARD.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 87
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 568
EP  - 570
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Profiles health physicist F. Ward Whicker, recipient of the 2004 Distinguished Scientific Achievement Award, presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society in Washington, D.C. Educational background; Career history; Whicker's research contributions in radioecology.
KW  - Physics
KW  - Biophysics
KW  - Physicists
KW  - Medical physics -- Awards
KW  - Awards
KW  - Whicker, F. Ward
N1  - Accession Number: 15284221; Breshears, David D. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 87 Issue 6, p568; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Thesaurus Term: Biophysics; Subject Term: Physicists; Subject Term: Medical physics -- Awards; Subject Term: Awards; People: Whicker, F. Ward; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Myers, David S.
T1  - 2004 DISTINGUISHED SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENT AWARD.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 87
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 571
EP  - 572
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Profiles health physicist Ralph Thomas, recipient of the 2004 Distinguished Scientific Achievement Award which was presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society in Washington, D.C. Educational background; Career history; Thomas' interest in radiation safety; Thomas' development of a series of units that discuss radiation and radioactivity.
KW  - Physics
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - Physicists
KW  - Medical physics -- Awards
KW  - Awards
KW  - Thomas, Ralph
N1  - Accession Number: 15284222; Myers, David S. 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 87 Issue 6, p571; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Thesaurus Term: Radioactivity; Subject Term: Physicists; Subject Term: Medical physics -- Awards; Subject Term: Awards; People: Thomas, Ralph; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Peterson, S-R.
T1  - TEST OF CAP88-PC'S PREDICTED CONCENTRATIONS OF TRITIUM IN AIR AT LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 87
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 583
EP  - 595
SN  - 00179078
AB  - Based on annual tritium release rates from the five sources of tritium at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the Tritium Research Laboratory at Sandia National Laboratory, the regulatory dispersion and dose model, CAP88-PC, was used to predict tritium concentrations in air at perimeter and offsite air surveillance monitoring locations for 1986 through 2001. These predictions were compared with mean annual measured concentrations, based on biweekly sampling. Deterministic predictions were compared with deterministic observations using predicted-to-observed ratios. In addition, the uncertainty on observations and predictions was assessed: when the uncertainty bounds of the observations overlapped with the uncertainty bounds of the predictions, the predictions were assumed to agree with the observations with high probability. Deterministically, 54% of all predictions were higher than the observations, and 96% fell within a factor of three. Accounting for uncertainty, 75 % of all predictions agreed with the observations; 87% of the predictions either matched or exceeded the observations. Predictions equaled or exceeded observations at those sampling locations towards which the wind blows most frequently, except those in the hills. Under-predictions were seen at locations towards which the wind blows infrequently when released tritium was from elevated sources. When a high fraction of tritium was from area (diffuse) sources, predictions matched observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Physics
KW  - Tritium
KW  - Hydrogen isotopes
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - air sampling
KW  - airborne
KW  - atmospheric
KW  - emissions
KW  - radioactivity
KW  - tritium
N1  - Accession Number: 15284227; Peterson, S-R. 1; Email Address: peterson49@llnl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Terrestrial and Atmospheric Monitoring and Modeling Group, Operations and Regulatory Affairs Division, Environmental Protection Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 87 Issue 6, p583; Thesaurus Term: Radioisotopes; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Subject Term: Tritium; Subject Term: Hydrogen isotopes; Subject Term: Laboratories; Author-Supplied Keyword: air sampling; Author-Supplied Keyword: airborne; Author-Supplied Keyword: atmospheric; Author-Supplied Keyword: emissions; Author-Supplied Keyword: radioactivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: tritium; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 6 Charts; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yung Sung Cheng
AU  - Guilmette, Raymond A.
AU  - Yue Zhou
AU  - Jun Gao
AU  - Thomas Labone
AU  - Whicker, Jeffrey J.
AU  - Hoover, Mark D.
T1  - CHARACTERIZATION OF PLUTONIUM AEROSOL COLLECTED DURING AN ACCIDENT.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 87
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 596
EP  - 605
SN  - 00179078
AB  - This study determined the plutonium particle size distribution and dissolution rate of 238PuO2 aerosol collected during the 16 March 2000 release of an undetermined amount of 238PuO2 in a room within a plutonium facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The facility has been in operation since 1978 to support the development, fabrication, and testing of 238Pu heat sources for the U.S. Department of Energy. Several workers were in the room at the time of the release and in vivo study of five of the workers began the day after the exposure event. Four of the subjects subsequently received chelation therapy. Over 30 fixed air filter samplers (FASs) and four continuous air monitors (CAMs) were operating in the room during the radiological release. One 47-mm-diameter glass fiber FAS filter and one 25-cm-diameter mixed cellulose ester CAM filter containing Pu aerosol from the incident were examined in the study described here. Total alpha radioactivity on the filters was determined by gross alpha counting. Isotopic identification of the 238Pu was made by alpha spectrometry. Film autoradiography was used to characterize the spatial distribution of alpha-emitting particles on the filters. Track-etch autoradiography was used to estimate the distribution of alpha radioactivity in individual plutonium particles on the filters for particle size measurement. The glass fiber filter was then cut into six sections. Particles from two sections were resuspended in alcohol, dispersed as an aerosol using a Lovelace nebulizer, and characterized by aerodynamic diameter using a Lovelace Multi-jet cascade impactor. The measured activity median aerodynamic diameter from the cascade impactor was 4.8 µm with a geometric standard deviation of 1.5. That agreed with the size distribution obtained from the alpha track detection technique. The remaining four filter sections were used in an in vitro dissolution study with synthetic serum ultrafiltrate. The retention of undissolved was consistent with a biphasic exponential function. The majority of the 238Pu dissolved with a half-time of 900 d. The information on particle size distribution and solubility from this study was useful in assigning a radiation dose to the exposed workers, supporting the decision to administer chelation therapy, and providing a model for characterizing accident-associated aerosols in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plutonium
KW  - Aerosols (Sprays)
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - Transuranium elements
KW  - accident analysis
KW  - aerosols
KW  - exposure
KW  - occupational
KW  - plutonium
N1  - Accession Number: 15284228; Yung Sung Cheng 1; Email Address: ycheng@lrri.org; Guilmette, Raymond A. 2; Yue Zhou 1; Jun Gao 1; Thomas Labone 3; Whicker, Jeffrey J. 2; Hoover, Mark D. 4; Affiliations: 1: Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Drive SE, Albuquerque, NM; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P0 Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM; 3: Savannah River Site, Building 735-4B, Aiken, SC; 4: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 87 Issue 6, p596; Thesaurus Term: Plutonium; Thesaurus Term: Aerosols (Sprays); Thesaurus Term: Air pollution; Thesaurus Term: Air quality; Thesaurus Term: Radioactivity; Subject Term: Transuranium elements; Author-Supplied Keyword: accident analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: occupational; Author-Supplied Keyword: plutonium; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heath, Jr., C. W.
AU  - Bond, P. D.
AU  - Hoel, D. G.
AU  - Meinhold, C. B.
T1  - RESIDENTIAL RADON EXPOSURE AND LUNG CANCER RISK: COMMENTARY ON COHEN'S COUNTY-BASED STUDY.
JO  - Health Physics
JF  - Health Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 87
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 647
EP  - 655
SN  - 00179078
AB  - The large United States county-based study (Cohen 1995, 2001) in which an inverse relationship has been suggested between residential low-dose radon levels and lung cancer mortality has been reviewed. While this study has been used to evaluate the validity of the linear nonthreshold theory, the grouped nature of its data limits the usefulness of this application. Our assessment of the study's approach, including a reanalysis of its data, also indicates that the likelihood of strong, undetected confounding effects by cigarette smoking, coupled with approximations of data values and uncertainties in accuracy of data sources regarding levels of radon exposure and intensity of smoking, compromises the study's analytic power. The most clear data for estimating lung cancer risk from low levels of radon exposure continue to rest with higher-dose studies of miner populations in which projections to zero dose are consistent with estimates arising from most case-control studies regarding residential exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Health Physics is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radon
KW  - Health risk assessment
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Lungs -- Cancer
KW  - Cancer
KW  - United States
KW  - cancer
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - human
KW  - lugs
KW  - radon
N1  - Accession Number: 15284233; Heath, Jr., C. W.; Bond, P. D. 1; Hoel, D. G. 2; Meinhold, C. B. 1; Affiliations: 1: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY; 2: Department of Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 87 Issue 6, p647; Thesaurus Term: Radon; Thesaurus Term: Health risk assessment; Thesaurus Term: Smoking; Subject Term: Lungs -- Cancer; Subject Term: Cancer; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: epidemiology; Author-Supplied Keyword: human; Author-Supplied Keyword: lugs; Author-Supplied Keyword: radon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 923120 Administration of Public Health Programs; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, S. N.
AU  - Swift, D. C.
AU  - Tierney IV, T. E.
AU  - Paisley, D. L.
AU  - Kyrala, G. A.
AU  - Johnson, R. P.
AU  - Hauer, A. A.
AU  - Tschauner, O.
AU  - Asimow, P. D.
T1  - Laser-induced shock waves in condensed matter: some techniques and applications.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 409
EP  - 422
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - Laser-induced shock waves in condensed matter have important applications in dynamic material studies and high pressure physics. We briefly review some techniques in laser-induced shock waves, including direct laser drive, laser-launched flyer plate, quasi-isentropic loading, point and line imaging velocity interferometry, transient X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy and shock recovery, and their applications to study of equation of state, spallation, and phase transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - SHOCK waves
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - EQUATIONS of state
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - Ellipsometry
KW  - Equation of state
KW  - Laser shock waves
KW  - Spallation
KW  - Transient X-ray diffraction
KW  - Velocity interferometry
N1  - Accession Number: 16111194; Luo, S. N. 1; Email Address: sluo@lanl.gov Swift, D. C. 1 Tierney IV, T. E. 1 Paisley, D. L. 1 Kyrala, G. A. 1 Johnson, R. P. 1 Hauer, A. A. 1 Tschauner, O. 2 Asimow, P. D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87544 USA  2: High-Pressure Science and Engineering Center and Department of Physics University of Nevada Las Vegas NV 89154 USA  3: GPS Division California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p409; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: SHOCK waves; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of state; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Author-Supplied Keyword: Ellipsometry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Equation of state; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser shock waves; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spallation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transient X-ray diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Velocity interferometry; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08957950412331331709
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16111194&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiyong Zhao
AU  - Sturhahn, Wolfgang
AU  - Jung-fu Lin
AU  - Guoyin Shen
AU  - Alp, Ercan E.
AU  - Ho-Kwang Mao
T1  - Nuclear resonant scattering at high pressure and high temperature.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 447
EP  - 457
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - We introduce the combination of nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy with the laser-heated diamond anvil cell technique for studying magnetic, elastic, thermodynamic, and vibrational properties of materials under high pressures and high temperatures. An Nd:YLF laser, operating in continuous donut mode (TEM 01 ), has been used to heat samples inside a diamond anvil cell from both sides. Temperatures of the laser-heated sample are measured by means of spectral radiometry and by the detailed balance principle of the energy spectra. The temperature measured by the detailed balance principle is in very good agreement with values determined from the thermal radiation spectra fitted to the Planck radiation function up to 1700 K. Nuclear resonant scattering on 57 Fe-containing materials (i.e., Fe, FeO, Fe 2 O 3 ) has been studied up to 2500 K and 100 GPa. A detailed description of the laser-heating optics, temperature determination, the X-ray monochromatization, and the X-ray focusing optics is given in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INELASTIC neutron scattering
KW  - NEUTRON resonance
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - METALLURGY -- Laser use in
KW  - ANVILS
KW  - MATERIALS at high pressures
KW  - MATERIALS at high temperatures
KW  - Diamond anvil cell
KW  - Laser heating
KW  - Nuclear resonant scattering
KW  - Synchrotron radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 16111207; Jiyong Zhao 1; Email Address: jzhao@anl.gov Sturhahn, Wolfgang 1 Jung-fu Lin 2 Guoyin Shen 3 Alp, Ercan E. 1 Ho-Kwang Mao 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015 USA  3: Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p447; Subject Term: INELASTIC neutron scattering; Subject Term: NEUTRON resonance; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: METALLURGY -- Laser use in; Subject Term: ANVILS; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high pressures; Subject Term: MATERIALS at high temperatures; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diamond anvil cell; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser heating; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nuclear resonant scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synchrotron radiation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332113 Forging; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08957950412331331727
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16111207&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tschauner, O.
AU  - Luo, S. N.
AU  - Asimow, P. D.
AU  - Ahrens, T. J.
AU  - Swift, D. C.
AU  - Tierney, T. E.
AU  - Paisley, D. L.
AU  - Chipera, S. J.
T1  - Shock-synthesized glassy and solid silica: intermediates between four- and six-fold coordination.
JO  - High Pressure Research
JF  - High Pressure Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 479
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 08957959
AB  - Upon compression, many materials undergo major reconstructions of their structure and bonding, including increases in coordination of atoms and changes in bonding character. While transforming, the materials pass through intermediate states, which are often too transient to be captured and examined. Here we discuss the coordination change in silica as an example of a system where such interesting intermediate structural states have been quenched from shock-experiments. On the basis of these results we suggest a relation between the formation of one of these phases and the extension of the liquid-liquid transition boundary into the stability field of solid silica. We report Raman spectra of shock-retrieved vitreous silica which indicate different compression mechanisms for shock-generated amorphous silica and vitreous silica compressed at 300 K. Static recompression of shock-generated glass leads to an amorphous-crystal transition above 13 GPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of High Pressure Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHOCK (Mechanics)
KW  - COMPRESSIBILITY
KW  - SILICA
KW  - METALLIC glasses
KW  - CHEMICAL bonds
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - AMORPHOUS substances
N1  - Accession Number: 16111208; Tschauner, O. 1; Email Address: olivert@physics.unlv.edu Luo, S. N. 2,3 Asimow, P. D. 4 Ahrens, T. J. 2 Swift, D. C. 3 Tierney, T. E. 3 Paisley, D. L. 3 Chipera, S. J. 3; Affiliation:  1: High Pressure Science and Engineering Center, Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154–4002, USA  2: Lindhurst Laboratory of Experimental Geophysics, Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA  3: Plasma Physics (P-24) and Earth and Environmental Sciences (EES-11), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p471; Subject Term: SHOCK (Mechanics); Subject Term: COMPRESSIBILITY; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: METALLIC glasses; Subject Term: CHEMICAL bonds; Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Subject Term: AMORPHOUS substances; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/08957950412331331754
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=16111208&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Efroymson, Rebecca A.
AU  - Sample, Bradley E.
AU  - Suter II, Glenn W.
T1  - Bioaccumulation of Inorganic Chemicals from Soil by Plants: Spiked Soils vs. Field Contamination or Background.
JO  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
JF  - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1117
EP  - 1127
SN  - 10807039
AB  - Risk assessors are often cautioned against the use of tests of highly bioavailable salt solutions added to soil to estimate the bioaccumulation of chemicals from waste site soils by plants. In this investigation, a large number of laboratory and field studies that measured the bioaccumulation of inorganic chemicals in plants were reviewed. The objective was to discern whether or not the relationship between the concentration of the element in aboveground vegetation and that in soil was different if the contamination was aged in the field rather than freshly added to soil in salt solution. For two of the eight elements, selenium and cadmium, salt solution experiments were associated with greater soil-plant uptake ratios than field measurements. Thus, these are not reliable data for use in the derivation of plant uptake regressions for screening-level ecological risk assessments at field sites. In contrast, the plant uptake of arsenic, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc, when added in salt solutions, was generally within the 95%prediction limit of regressions derived from field data. Chemical form, plant taxon, soil type, experimental methodology, and aging may be as important as the source of the chemical in predicting plant uptake of inorganic chemicals from soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Human & Ecological Risk Assessment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION
KW  - INORGANIC compounds
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - SOILS
KW  - PLANTS
KW  - SOIL pollution
KW  - bioaccumulation
KW  - bioavailability
KW  - ecological risk assessment
KW  - metals
KW  - plant uptake
KW  - soil.
N1  - Accession Number: 15642749; Efroymson, Rebecca A. 1; Email Address: efroymsonra@ornl.gov Sample, Bradley E. 2 Suter II, Glenn W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.  2: CH2M Hill, Sacramento, California, USA.  3: National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 10 Issue 6, p1117; Subject Term: BIOACCUMULATION; Subject Term: INORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICALS; Subject Term: SOILS; Subject Term: PLANTS; Subject Term: SOIL pollution; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioaccumulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: bioavailability; Author-Supplied Keyword: ecological risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: metals; Author-Supplied Keyword: plant uptake; Author-Supplied Keyword: soil.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/10807030490887177
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15642749&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dillard, Cindy L.
AU  - Gallagher, Timothy M.
AU  - Bostian, Charles W.
AU  - Sweeney, Dennis G.
T1  - Rough Surface Scattering From Exterior Walls at 28 GHz.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 52
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 3173
EP  - 3179
SN  - 0018926X
AB  - In this study we investigated the Local Multipoint Distribution Service band (28 GHz) rough surface scattering properties of limestone and brick walls. Our ultimate goal is to understand the characteristics of radio paths that involve one or more bounces from these walls. In the experiment described here, we processed impulse response data to produce power delay profiles and calculate relevant channel metrics. In particular, we investigated the scattered signal behavior for different incident angles and transmitter-receiver geometries. Using the reflected pulse width and maximum excess delay derived from each power delay profile, we found that limestone and brick walls exhibited measurable diffuse scattering. The reflected pulse from a limestone wall has more maximum excess delay spread than does a brick wall at the -15 dB power threshold The mean maximum excess delay for the reflected pulse for the limestone wall measurement configurations was more than twice that of the brick wail. With equal transmitter and receiver distances to the wall, we found that the maximum excess delay decreased and the perpendicular reflection coefficient increased with incident angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIO transmitter-receivers
KW  - GEOMETRY
KW  - BRICK walls
KW  - WIRELESS communication systems
KW  - LIMESTONE
KW  - SIGNALS & signaling
N1  - Accession Number: 15478474; Dillard, Cindy L. 1 Gallagher, Timothy M. 2 Bostian, Charles W. 2; Email Address: bostian@vt.edu Sweeney, Dennis G. 2; Affiliation:  1: RF and Microwave Systems Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6396 USA.  2: Center for Wireless Telecommunications, Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 52 Issue 12, p3173; Subject Term: RADIO transmitter-receivers; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Subject Term: BRICK walls; Subject Term: WIRELESS communication systems; Subject Term: LIMESTONE; Subject Term: SIGNALS & signaling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212315 Limestone mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 517210 Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334220 Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1 109/TAP.2004.836402
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15478474&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schuster, George J.
AU  - Doctor, Steven R.
AU  - Bond, Leonard J.
T1  - A System for High-Resolution, Nondestructive, Ultrasonic Imaging of Weld Grains.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 53
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1526
EP  - 1532
SN  - 00189456
AB  - The purpose of nondestructive evaluation is to detect degradation so that corrective action can be taken before the degradation challenges the structural integrity of an industrial system or one of its components. Accurate characterization is required to distinguish progressive degradation from benign material conditions. In nondestructive evaluation, characterization includes quantification and description of location, dimensions, shape, orientation, and composition of an indication of degradation. An imaging system that uses synthetic aperture focusing is one choice for detection and characterization of degradation in welded assemblies. In this paper, the ultrasonic imaging of the intended weld microstructure is reported. New technology invented for this purpose is described. This paper reviews how an ultrasonic imaging system that uses a synthetic lens can have a resolution that approaches the diffraction limit. A constrained solution to the coherent summation problem is presented for near real-time performance in high-resolution synthetic aperture focusing. Data are included to show that nondestructive, ultrasonic imaging of weld grains is practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ULTRASONIC imaging
KW  - SYNTHETIC apertures
KW  - WELDING
KW  - ACOUSTIC imaging
KW  - LENSES
KW  - IMAGING systems
KW  - Nondestructive evaluation
KW  - reactor pressure vessel
KW  - synthetic aperture focusing technique
KW  - ultrasonic imaging
KW  - weld grains
N1  - Accession Number: 15320457; Schuster, George J. 1; Email Address: george.schuster@pnl.gov Doctor, Steven R. 1 Bond, Leonard J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 53 Issue 6, p1526; Subject Term: ULTRASONIC imaging; Subject Term: SYNTHETIC apertures; Subject Term: WELDING; Subject Term: ACOUSTIC imaging; Subject Term: LENSES; Subject Term: IMAGING systems; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nondestructive evaluation; Author-Supplied Keyword: reactor pressure vessel; Author-Supplied Keyword: synthetic aperture focusing technique; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultrasonic imaging; Author-Supplied Keyword: weld grains; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333316 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TIM.2004.834072
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15320457&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lagouri, Th.
AU  - Adams, D.
AU  - Assamagan, K.
AU  - Biglietti, M.
AU  - Carlino, G.
AU  - Cataldi, G.
AU  - Conventi, F.
AU  - Farilla, A.
AU  - Fisyak, Y.
AU  - Goldfarb, S.
AU  - Gorini, E.
AU  - Mair, K.
AU  - Merola, L.
AU  - Nairz, A.
AU  - Poppleton, A.
AU  - Primavera, M.
AU  - Rosati, S.
AU  - Shank, J.
AU  - Spagnolo, S.
AU  - Spogli, L.
T1  - A Muon Identification and Combined Reconstruction Procedure for the ATLAS Detector at the LHC at CERN.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12//Dec2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3030
EP  - 3033
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Muon identification (MUID) and high-momentum measurement accuracy is crucial to fully exploit the physics potential that will be accessible with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The muon energy of physics interest ranges in a large interval from few GeV, where the b-physics studies dominate the physics program, up to the bighest values that could indicate the presence of new physics. The muon detection system of the ATLAS detector is characterized by two high-precision tracking systems, namely the inner detector (ID) and the muon spectrometer, (MS) plus a thick calorimeter that ensures a safe hadron absorption filtering with high-purity muons with energy above 3 GeV. In order to combine the muon tracks reconstructed in the ID and the MS, a MUID object-oriented software package has been developed. The purpose of the MUID procedure is to associate tracks found in the MS with the corresponding ED track and calorimeter information in order to identify muons at their production vertex with optimum parameter resolution. The performance of these two combined systems has been evaluated with Monte Carlo studies using single muons of fixed-transverse momentum and with full physics events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Muons
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Spectrometers
KW  - Hadrons
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15520097; Lagouri, Th. 1; Email Address: theodota.lagouri@cern.ch; Adams, D. 2; Assamagan, K. 2; Biglietti, M. 3; Carlino, G. 3; Cataldi, G. 4; Conventi, F. 3; Farilla, A. 5; Fisyak, Y. 2; Goldfarb, S. 6; Gorini, E. 4; Mair, K. 7; Merola, L. 3; Nairz, A. 7; Poppleton, A. 7; Primavera, M. 4; Rosati, S. 7; Shank, J. 8; Spagnolo, S. 4; Spogli, L. 9; Affiliations: 1: Nuclear Physics Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.; 2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 3: INFN and University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.; 4: INFN and University of Lecce, Lecce, Italy.; 5: INFN and University of Roma Tre E. Amaldi, Rome, Italy.; 6: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; 7: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland.; 8: Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA.; 9: INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3030; Subject Term: Muons; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Spectrometers; Subject Term: Hadrons; Subject Term: Monte Carlo method; Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839102
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15520097&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Behari, S.
AU  - Bacchetta, N.
AU  - Bolla, G.
AU  - Cardoso, G.
AU  - Ciobanu, C. I.
AU  - Flaugher, B.
AU  - Garcia-Sciveres, M.
AU  - Haber, C.
AU  - Hara, K.
AU  - Harr, R.
AU  - Hsiung, T. H.
AU  - Junk, T.
AU  - Kim, S.
AU  - Lu, R.-S.
AU  - Lujan, P.
AU  - Maksimovic, P.
AU  - Merkel, P.
AU  - Nord, B.
AU  - Pavlicek, V.
AU  - Pellett, D.
T1  - CDF Run IIb Silicon Vertex Detector DAQ Upgrade.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12//Dec2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3047
EP  - 3054
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) [1] operates in the beamline of the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at Batavia, IL. The Tevatron is expected to undergo luminosity upgrades (Run lib) in the future, resulting in a higher number of interactions per beam crossing. To operate in this dense radiation environment, an upgrade of the CDF's silicon vertex detector subsystem and a corresponding upgrade of its YME-based DAQ system has been explored. Prototypes of all the Run IIb SVX DAQ components have been constructed, assembled into a test stand, and operated successfully using an adapted version of the CDF's network-capable DAQ software. In addition, a PCI-based DAQ system has been developed as a fast and inexpensive tool for silicon detector and DAQ component testing in the production phase. In this paper, we present an overview of the Run IIb silicon DAQ upgrade, emphasizing the new features and improvements incorporated into the constituent VME boards and discuss a PCI-based DAQ system developed to facilitate production tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Protons
KW  - Prototypes
KW  - Nuclear counters
KW  - Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) run IIb
KW  - data acquisition
KW  - PCI
KW  - silicon strip detector
KW  - VME.
N1  - Accession Number: 15520101; Behari, S. 1; Email Address: behari@fnal.gov; Bacchetta, N. 2; Bolla, G. 3; Cardoso, G. 4; Ciobanu, C. I. 5; Flaugher, B. 4; Garcia-Sciveres, M. 6; Haber, C. 6; Hara, K. 7; Harr, R. 8; Hsiung, T. H. 5; Junk, T. 5; Kim, S. 7; Lu, R.-S. 9; Lujan, P. 6; Maksimovic, P. 1; Merkel, P. 4; Nord, B. 1; Pavlicek, V. 4; Pellett, D. 10; Affiliations: 1: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; 2: Universita' di Padova and INFN-Padova, Padova, Italy.; 3: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; 4: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.; 5: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; 6: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; 7: University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.; 8: Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.; 9: Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, R.O.C.; 10: University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3047; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Detectors; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Prototypes; Subject Term: Nuclear counters; Author-Supplied Keyword: Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) run IIb; Author-Supplied Keyword: data acquisition; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCI; Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon strip detector; Author-Supplied Keyword: VME.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839065
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15520101&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mendes, Pedro Rato
AU  - Abreu, Maria C.
AU  - Eremin, Vladimir
AU  - Li, Zheng
AU  - Niinikoski, Tapio O.
AU  - Rodrigues, Sónia
AU  - Sousa, Patrick
AU  - Verbitskaya, Elena
T1  - A New Technique for the Investigation of Deep Levels on Irradiated Silicon Based on the Lazarus Effect.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12//Dec2004 Part 1 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3069
EP  - 3075
SN  - 00189499
AB  - A new technique for the investigation of deep levels on irradiated silicon by measuring the charge collection efficiency (CCE) of samples from 220 down to 90 K is presented here. The temperature and time dependencies of the CCE have been measured with unprecedented precision and resolution for standard and oxygenated silicon diodes, and the data obtained have been analyzed in the framework of the Lazarus effect and polarization models, extracting information about the radiation-induced deep levels in the materials. Results are presented and discussed in terms of these models and what can be inferred from them when applied to experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Silicon diodes
KW  - Polarization (Nuclear physics)
KW  - Particles (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15520104; Mendes, Pedro Rato 1; Email Address: rato@lip.pt; Abreu, Maria C. 2; Email Address: mabreu@ualg.pt; Eremin, Vladimir 3; Email Address: Vladimir.Eremin@pop.ioffe.rssi.ru; Li, Zheng 4; Email Address: zhengI@bnl.gov; Niinikoski, Tapio O. 5; Email Address: Tapio.Niinikoski@cern.ch; Rodrigues, Sónia 1; Email Address: rodriguessonia@ualg.pt; Sousa, Patrick 1,6; Email Address: pesousa@ualg.pt; Verbitskaya, Elena 7; Email Address: Elena.Verbitskaya@pop.ioffe.rssi.ru; Affiliations: 1: LIP Lisbon, 1000-149 Lisbon, Portugal.; 2: LIP Lisbon and University of Algarve, FCT, 8000-117 Faro, Portugal.; 3: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia.; 4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA.; 5: CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; 6: University of Algarve, FCT, 8000-117 Faro, Portugal.; 7: loffe Physico-Technical Institute, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 1 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3069; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Oxygen; Subject Term: Silicon diodes; Subject Term: Polarization (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: Particles (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839077
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Atchison, Walter L.
AU  - Lemons, Don S.
T1  - Magnetically Driven Rayleigh-Taylor Instability With Acceleration Gradient.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 2169
EP  - 2174
SN  - 00933813
AB  - We investigate the stability properties of a slab of accelerating, current-carrying, cold, fluid when the accelerating J × B force is nonuniform throughout the slab and leads to a gradient in the slab acceleration. A nonuniform force that squeezes (stretches) the slab while accelerating it increases (decreases) the Magnetic-Rayleigh-Taylor instability growth rate. This effect can explain recent experiments on thin, magnetically driven, imploding liner shells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STABILITY (Mechanics)
KW  - FLOW meters
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - HYDRAULICS
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - ELECTRICITY
KW  - magnetic-Rayleigh-Taylor instability
KW  - Rayleigh-Taylor instability
KW  - Z-pinch instability
N1  - Accession Number: 15462802; Atchison, Walter L. 1 Lemons, Don S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Group, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.  2: Department of Physics, Bethel College, North Newton, KS 67117 USA.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p2169; Subject Term: STABILITY (Mechanics); Subject Term: FLOW meters; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: HYDRAULICS; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: ELECTRICITY; Author-Supplied Keyword: magnetic-Rayleigh-Taylor instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rayleigh-Taylor instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Z-pinch instability; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TPS.2004.838688
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson, Pam
AU  - Arnold, Todd
AU  - McMakin, Andrea
T1  - Harvesting the Competitive Landscape.
JO  - Industrial Paint & Powder
JF  - Industrial Paint & Powder
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 80
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 25
PB  - BNP Media
SN  - 10734651
AB  - Discusses how a method called Disruptive Market Research is helping high-technology paint and powder companies go beyond the competitive landscape to find business opportunities. Use of the power of multidimensional interviews followed by data analysis; Factors that motivate interviewees to respond; Need to avoid marketing myopia; Way to unearth potential opportunities.
KW  - MARKETING research
KW  - INDUSTRIAL research
KW  - PAINT industry
KW  - COATINGS industry
KW  - HIGH technology industries
KW  - COMPETITIVE advantage
N1  - Accession Number: 15366011; Henderson, Pam 1; Arnold, Todd 2; McMakin, Andrea 3; Affiliations: 1: owner, Meridian Strategies; 2: marketing professor, Washington State University Tri-Cities; 3: communication specialist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash.; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 80 Issue 12, p21; Thesaurus Term: MARKETING research; Thesaurus Term: INDUSTRIAL research; Thesaurus Term: PAINT industry; Thesaurus Term: COATINGS industry; Thesaurus Term: HIGH technology industries; Thesaurus Term: COMPETITIVE advantage; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416340 Paint, glass and wallpaper merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424950 Paint, Varnish, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444120 Paint and Wallpaper Stores; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goshe, Andrew J.
AU  - Steele, Ian M.
AU  - Bosnich, B.
T1  - Supramolecular recognition: association of palladium molecular clefts with planar platinum complexes
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 357
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4544
EP  - 4551
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Abstract: The crystal structures of two new molecular recognition adducts formed between a dicationic, di-terpyridyl-Pd–Cl molecular cleft and two square planar platinum complexes are reported. In both structures, the planar platinum-containing guests are located within the molecular cleft formed by the two parallel disposed terpyridyl-Pd–Cl+ units of the receptor. The crystal structure of the adduct formed between the molecular cleft and a neutral platinum complex has interplanar distances between the host and guest of 3.24 Å, a distance shorter than that usually ascribed to π-stacking interaction (∼3.45 Å). The short distance is likely the result of metal–metal interaction between the host and guest. The second adduct, that between the dicationic molecular receptor and an anionic platinum complex, also bears the guest within the molecular cleft. The interplanar distances between the cationic terpyridyl-Pd–Cl units of the host and the anionic guest (3.21 and 3.29 Å) are also shorter than typical π-stacking distances but no metal–metal interaction is present. Coulombic attraction between the host and guest is believed to be responsible for the short interplanar separation. These data are discussed in relation to analogous systems that associate through π–π and metal–metal interaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLATINUM group
KW  - CHEMISTRY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - METALS
KW  - Host–guest chemistry
KW  - Metal–metal interaction
KW  - Molecular recognition (Supramolecular chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 19273954; Goshe, Andrew J. 1; Email Address: goshe@anl.gov Steele, Ian M. 2 Bosnich, B. 2; Email Address: bos5@uchicago.edu; Affiliation:  1: The Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 357 Issue 15, p4544; Subject Term: PLATINUM group; Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: METALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Host–guest chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–metal interaction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular recognition (Supramolecular chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ica.2004.06.037
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sharma, Virender K.
AU  - O’Connor, Donald B.
AU  - Cabelli, Diane
T1  - Oxidation of thiocyanate by iron(V) in alkaline medium
JO  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF  - Inorganica Chimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 357
IS  - 15
M3  - Article
SP  - 4587
EP  - 4591
SN  - 00201693
AB  - Abstract: The oxidation of thiocyanate by iron(V) (Fe(V)) was studied as a function of pH in alkaline solutions by a premix pulse radiolysis technique. The rates decrease with an increase in pH. The rate law for the oxidation of SCN− by Fe(V) was obtained as −d[Fe(V)]/dt=k10{[H+]2/([H+]2+K2[H+]+K2K3)}[Fe(V)][SCN−], where k10=5.72±0.19×106 M−1s−1, pK2=7.2, and pK3=10.1. The reaction precedes via a two-electron oxidation, which converts Fe(V) to Fe(III). Thiocyanate reacts approximately 103× faster with iron(V) than does with iron(VI). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PULSE radiolysis
KW  - THIOCYANATES
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - Iron(V)
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Pulse radiolysis
KW  - Thiocyanate
N1  - Accession Number: 19273961; Sharma, Virender K. 1; Email Address: vsharma@fit.edu O’Connor, Donald B. 2 Cabelli, Diane 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA  3: Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 357 Issue 15, p4587; Subject Term: PULSE radiolysis; Subject Term: THIOCYANATES; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron(V); Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pulse radiolysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thiocyanate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ica.2004.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Majidi, Vahid
AU  - Hassell, Christian
T1  - Miniaturized instrumentation for field applications: general considerations for environmental sensor networks.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 84
IS  - 14/15
M3  - Article
SP  - 1111
EP  - 1121
SN  - 03067319
AB  - Various aspects of chemical instrument miniaturizing are explored. The limitations imposed by scaling laws are discussed, and the influences of system dynamics on chemical and physical behaviour of molecules in microsystems are presented. The complexity of chemical systems, as defined by intra- and intermolecular forces, influencing minimum device dimensions is illustrated for solution and gas-phase species. The basic concepts for environmental sensor networks are presented for a hypothetical system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring
KW  - MINIATURE electronic equipment
KW  - SCALING laws (Nuclear physics)
KW  - INTERMOLECULAR forces
KW  - Detection limits
KW  - Environmental sensor networks
KW  - Miniaturization
N1  - Accession Number: 15993106; Majidi, Vahid 1; Email Address: majidi@lanl.gov Hassell, Christian 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 84 Issue 14/15, p1111; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring; Subject Term: MINIATURE electronic equipment; Subject Term: SCALING laws (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: INTERMOLECULAR forces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Detection limits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental sensor networks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Miniaturization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541620 Environmental Consulting Services; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/03067310412331330433
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Watson, Annetta
AU  - Opresko, Dennis
AU  - Young, Robert
T1  - Letter to the Editor.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Health Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Letter
SP  - 461
EP  - 464
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 09603123
AB  - Presents a letter to the editor commenting on the article "How clean is clean enough?," by Raber et al published in the February 2004 issue of the "International Journal of Environmental Health Research."
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Letters to the editor
N1  - Accession Number: 15328957; Watson, Annetta 1; Email Address: watsonap@ornl.gov; Opresko, Dennis 1; Young, Robert 1; Affiliations: 1: Toxicology and Hazard Assessment Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p461; Thesaurus Term: Environmental health; Subject Term: Letters to the editor; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Letter
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DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jang, Seok Pil
AU  - Kim, Sung Jin
AU  - Choi, Stephen U.S.
T1  - Bulk mean temperature in porous medium analysis
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 47
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 5603
EP  - 5607
SN  - 00179310
N1  - Accession Number: 14811722; Jang, Seok Pil 1 Kim, Sung Jin 2 Choi, Stephen U.S.; Email Address: Choi@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, South Korea; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 47 Issue 25, p5603; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.07.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - BURKERT, V. D.
AU  - LEE, T.-S. H.
T1  - ELECTROMAGNETIC MESON PRODUCTION IN THE NUCLEON RESONANCE REGION.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1035
EP  - 1111
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02183013
AB  - Recent experimental and theoretical advances in investigating electromagnetic meson production reactions in the nucleon resonance region are reviewed. We give a description of current experimental facilities with electron and photon beams and present a unified derivation of most of the phenomenological approaches being used to extract the resonance parameters from the data. The analyses of π and η production data and the resulting transition form factors for the Δ(1232)P33, N(1535)S11, N(1440)P11, and N(1520)D13 resonances are discussed in detail. The status of our understanding of the reactions with production of two pions, kaons, and vector mesons is also reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics E: Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - COMPREHENSION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - meson production reactions
KW  - meson production reactions.
KW  - Nucleon resonances
N1  - Accession Number: 15482056; BURKERT, V. D. 1; Email Address: burkert@jlab.org LEE, T.-S. H. 2; Email Address: lee@theory.phy.anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Virginia 23606  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p1035; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: COMPREHENSION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: meson production reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: meson production reactions.; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleon resonances; Number of Pages: 77p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manassen, Yishay
AU  - Balatsky, Alexander V.
T1  - 1/f Spin Noise and a Single Spin Detection with STM.
JO  - Israel Journal of Chemistry
JF  - Israel Journal of Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 44
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 408
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00212148
AB  - Abstract. We propose a novel mechanism for single spin detection based on the 1/f spin current noise. We postulate that the 1/f spin noise for the tunneling current is similar to the ubiquitous 1/f noise in magnetic systems. Magnetic coupling between tunneling electrons and localized spin S then leads to the peak at Larmor frequency in the power spectrum of the electric current fluctuations I 2 w . The elevated noise in the current spectrum will be spatially localized near the magnetic site. The difference in the power spectra taken at the Larmor frequency and elsewhere would reveal the peak in the spectrum. We argue that the signal-to-noise ratio for this mechanism is on the order of one. In addition, we discuss the asymmetric line shapes observed regularly with this measurement. We show that such line shapes are in accordance with the random sampling done with the tunneling electrons. Yet this predicts a line width at least one order of magnitude larger than observed experimentally, which is likely to be due to electrostatic repulsion between the tunneling electrons and temporal correlations in the tunneling process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Israel Journal of Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON spin echoes
KW  - NOISE
KW  - SCANNING tunneling microscopy
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15382060; Manassen, Yishay 1; Email Address: manassen@bgumail.bgu.ac.il Balatsky, Alexander V. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and the Ilse Katz Center for Nanometer Scale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of, the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 44 Issue 4, p401; Subject Term: ELECTRON spin echoes; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: SCANNING tunneling microscopy; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Doh-Won
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
T1  - Investigations of nanoparticle generation during surface decontamination by laser ablation at low fluence
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 35
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1513
EP  - 1526
SN  - 00218502
AB  - Abstract: Through laser ablation processes, significant amounts of particles can be generated from a surface of cement, stainless steel, or alumina. The minimal laser fluence (mJ ), or threshold energy, required to produce a detectable amount of particles (100 particles ) was investigated experimentally. The threshold energy was wavelength-dependent and was found to be the greatest for a pure material, alumina, then for a complex mixture, cement, and least for a simple mixture, stainless steel. The threshold energy requirement for three tested materials was found to be significantly higher for the IR (1064-nm) laser; it was 2.4–10.1 times higher than for the UV (266-nm) laser and 9.1–15.2 times higher than for the Vis (532-nm) laser. Interestingly, the UV laser has a higher threshold energy (1.5–4.0 times higher) than the Vis does. A log–log linear model was found to correlate particle production with the laser fluence of all three wavelengths. Of the three materials tested, stainless steel produced the most particles at a given fluence while alumina produced the fewest. Hypotheses of the particle generation mechanisms based upon the observations are also given here. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - LASERS
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - Alumina
KW  - Cement
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Low fluence
KW  - Nanoparticle
KW  - Stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 15550006; Lee, Doh-Won 1; Email Address: leed1@ornl.gov Cheng, Meng-Dawn 2; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0117, USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), 1 Bethel Valley Road, Building 1505, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 35 Issue 12, p1513; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Low fluence; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.07.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15550006&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Doh-Won
AU  - Cheng, Meng-Dawn
T1  - Particle generation by laser ablation during surface decontamination
JO  - Journal of Aerosol Science
JF  - Journal of Aerosol Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 35
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1527
EP  - 1540
SN  - 00218502
AB  - Abstract: Laser ablation allows significant number of particles to be generated from the surfaces of cement, chromium-embedded cement, stainless steel, or alumina. The number concentrations and size distributions of the particles were experimentally investigated with respect to applied laser fluence (mJcm) and wavelength. Based on the measurements, 266-nm laser ablation generates particles most efficiently. Of the three materials tested, cement was the most favorable for material removal, stainless steel was the next, and alumina was the least. The removal of particles from chromium-embedded cement by 532- and 1064-nm-wavelength lasers was less effective than from stainless steel, but more effective than from alumina. For ablation with a 266-nm laser, chromium enhanced the removal above 20Jcm. Comparisons of other characteristics such as the size and removal rate of these particles are also discussed in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Aerosol Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER ablation
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - CHROMIUM
KW  - Alumina
KW  - Cement
KW  - Chromium-embedded cement
KW  - Laser ablation
KW  - Nanoparticle
KW  - Stainless steel
N1  - Accession Number: 15550007; Lee, Doh-Won 1; Email Address: leed1@ornl.gov Cheng, Meng-Dawn 2; Email Address: chengmd@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0117, USA  2: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Building 1505, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 35 Issue 12, p1527; Subject Term: LASER ablation; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: CHROMIUM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alumina; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromium-embedded cement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Laser ablation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stainless steel; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.07.007
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15550007&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yanbin Wang
AU  - Uchida, Takeyuki
AU  - Von Dreele, Robert
AU  - Rivers, Mark L.
AU  - Nishiyama, Norimasa
AU  - Funakoshi, Ken-ichi
AU  - Nozawa, Akifumi
AU  - Kaneko, Hiroshi
T1  - A new technique for angle-dispersive powder diffraction using an energy-dispersive setup and synchrotron radiation.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 37
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 947
EP  - 956
SN  - 00218898
AB  - A new diffraction technique for combined angle- and energy-dispersive structural analysis and refinement (CAESAR), by collecting angle-dispersive data using a solid-state detector (SSD) and white synchrotron radiation, is introduced. By step scanning a well calibrated SSD over a limited 2θ range, a series of one-dimensional energy-dispersive data (intensity versus energy) are obtained as a function of 2θ. The entire intensity (Int) data set consists of several thousand channels covering a range of photon energies, E (up to ∼150 keV), at each of the ∼1000 2θ steps, forming a 2–1 mega-element two-dimensional array, Int(E, 2θ). These intensity data are then regrouped according to photon energies, which are defined in the multichannel SSD as individual channels, yielding a large number of intensity versus 2θ (angle-dispersive) data sets, Int(E = const., 2θ), each of which corresponds to a given photon energy or wavelength. The entire data set, selected subsets or composite scans can be used for multiple data set Rietveld refinement. Data collected both on α-Al2O3 (a NIST diffraction standard) at ambient conditions and on a mixture of MgO and Au at high pressure were analyzed using the Rietveld technique, with varying schemes of data treatment. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that data within certain energy bands (ΔE/E = ±10%) may be binned together to improve counting statistics in a composite angle-dispersive scan, even when collected with much coarser scan steps of 0.1 or 0.2°. This technique is useful for high-pressure as well as general purpose powder diffraction studies that have limited X-ray access to the sample using synchrotron radiation. Several advantages are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POWDERS
KW  - OPTICAL properties
KW  - BULK solids
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15499562; Yanbin Wang 1; Email Address: wang@cars.uchicago.edu Uchida, Takeyuki 1 Von Dreele, Robert 2 Rivers, Mark L. 1 Nishiyama, Norimasa 1 Funakoshi, Ken-ichi 3 Nozawa, Akifumi 3 Kaneko, Hiroshi 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, USA  2: APS/IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, USA  3: Japan Synchrotron Research Institute, Japan  4: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Japan; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 37 Issue 6, p947; Subject Term: POWDERS; Subject Term: OPTICAL properties; Subject Term: BULK solids; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 484222 Dry bulk materials trucking, local; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484232 Dry bulk materials trucking, long distance; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 11 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0021889804022502
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15499562&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jupe, Andrew C.
AU  - Stock, Stuart R.
AU  - Lee, Peter L.
AU  - Naik, Nikhila N.
AU  - Kurtis, Kimberly E.
AU  - Wilkinson, Angus P.
T1  - Phase composition depth profiles using spatially resolved energy dispersive X-ray diffraction.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 37
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 967
EP  - 976
SN  - 00218898
AB  - Spatially resolved energy dispersive X-ray diffraction, using high-energy synchrotron radiation (∼35-80 keV), was used nondestructively to obtain phase composition profiles along the radii of cylindrical cement paste samples to characterize the progress of the chemical changes associated with sulfate attack on the cement. Phase distributions were acquired to depths of ∼4 mm below the specimen surface with sufficient spatial resolution to discern features less than 200 μm thick. The experimental and data analysis methods employed to obtain quantitative composition profiles are described. The spatial resolution that could be achieved is illustrated using data obtained from copper cylinders with a thin zinc coating. The measurements demonstrate that this approach is useful for nondestructively visualizing the sometimes complex transformations that take place during sulfate attack on cement-based materials. These transformations can be spatially related to microstructure as seen by computed microtomography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - X-ray diffractometer
KW  - SYNCHROTRON radiation
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 15499564; Jupe, Andrew C. 1 Stock, Stuart R. 2 Lee, Peter L. 3 Naik, Nikhila N. 1 Kurtis, Kimberly E. 1 Wilkinson, Angus P. 4; Email Address: angus.wilkinson@chemistry.gatech.edu; Affiliation:  1: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0355, USA  2: Institute of Bioengineering and Nanoscience in Advanced Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611-3008, USA  3: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439, USA  4: School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 37 Issue 6, p967; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray diffractometer; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRON radiation; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 6 Diagrams, 10 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0021889804024148
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15499564&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fenter, Paul
AU  - Park, Changyong
T1  - Termination interference along crystal truncation rods of layered crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF  - Journal of Applied Crystallography
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 37
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 977
EP  - 987
SN  - 00218898
AB  - A destructive interference observed in high-resolution surface X-ray reflectivity data for diverse systems has been used as a ‘fingerprint’ for determining the terminating plane of layered crystals. It is shown that this phenomenon is (a) general to layered crystal structures, (b) directly sensitive to the crystal termination as a result of phase contrast between layers within the substrate unit cell, and (c) closely related to systematic absences of bulk Bragg diffraction. A simple formalism is derived that relates the location of these destructive interferences to the terminating plane of a crystal using only knowledge of the substrate crystal structure. The factors that control the visibility of this phenomenon for different crystal symmetries and uniformity of the crystal termination are also explored. A special case, where X-ray reflectivity is nominally insensitive to crystal termination, is discussed to show that sensitivity can be obtained through the use of anomalous dispersion or ferroelectric displacements in the substrate lattice. Insight into this phenomenon is obtained by considering the influence of the spatial resolution on an effective electron density and the associated suitability of describing each of the layers in the structure as individual ‘pseudo-atoms’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - X-rays
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - REFLECTANCE
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - ELECTRON distribution
N1  - Accession Number: 15499565; Fenter, Paul 1; Email Address: fenter@anl.gov Park, Changyong 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 37 Issue 6, p977; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: REFLECTANCE; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: ELECTRON distribution; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1107/S0021889804024343
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15499565&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ledbetter, Hassel
AU  - Leisure, Robert G.
AU  - Migliori, Albert
AU  - Betts, Jon
AU  - Ogi, Hirotsugu
T1  - Low-temperature elastic and piezoelectric constants of paratellurite (α-TeO2).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6201
EP  - 6206
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We report paratellurite’s 300-10-K elastic constants Cij, six constants reflecting tetragonal symmetry (P422 point group). The quantity e142/k11, where e14 denotes the sole independent piezoelectric constant and k11 denotes a dielectric constant, was determined over the same temperature range. All the principal Cij show approximately regular temperature-change behavior: increasing with decreasing temperature, the increases being 2%–10%. One derived elastic constant, C′=(C11-C12)/2, a shear constant, shows strongly anomalous temperature behavior, decreasing continuously during cooling to 10 K, the total decrease being 5%. The quantity e142/k11 was essentially independent of temperature. Obtained by resonant-ultrasound spectroscopy, our results differ from previous studies, none of which went to 10 K, a temperature region of much practical interest for this material. From the near-zero-temperature elastic constants, we derive a Debye temperature of 235 K. The slope dC′/dT yields a negative Gruneisen parameter γ=-0.9, close to the specific-heat value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PIEZOELECTRICITY
KW  - PYROELECTRICITY
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 15142911; Ledbetter, Hassel 1; Email Address: hledbet@lanl.gov Leisure, Robert G. 2 Migliori, Albert 1 Betts, Jon 1 Ogi, Hirotsugu 3; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523  3: Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, Japan; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 11, p6201; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: PYROELECTRICITY; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1805717
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15142911&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomes, William J.
AU  - Simmons-Potter, Kelly
AU  - Phifer, Carol C.
AU  - Potter, Barrett G.
AU  - Jamison, Gregory M.
AU  - Jones, Jess E.
AU  - Casadonte, Dominick J.
T1  - Photobleaching Comparison of Poly(methylphenylsilylene) and Poly(phenylsilyne).
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6313
EP  - 6318
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The effect of dimensionality on the photobleaching characteristics of Si-based polymers with phenyl substituents was investigated by studying the change in absorption upon exposure to 248- and 337-nm excitation. Poly(methylphenylsilylene) was chosen as an archetype of the linear-chain polysilanes, and poly(phenylsilyne) was used as the comparable network polysilyne. Differences in bleaching behavior of the two types of polymers are explained in terms of Si–Si bonding and electronic interactions between the phenyl groups and the silicon frameworks. Wavelength-dependent effects include the degree of photodegradation of the phenyl rings and changes in polymer configuration due to photoscission and crosslinking. Absorption changes were accompanied by changes in the refractive index of the exposed regions of the samples. The refractive index modification was used to write embedded strip waveguides in the photosensitive thin films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON polymers
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - THIN films
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15142888; Thomes, William J. 1; Email Address: wjthome@sandia.gov Simmons-Potter, Kelly 2 Phifer, Carol C. 1 Potter, Barrett G. 2 Jamison, Gregory M. 1 Jones, Jess E. 3 Casadonte, Dominick J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0104  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 11, p6313; Subject Term: SILICON polymers; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808908
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15142888&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Moura, M.R.
AU  - Ayala, A.P.
AU  - Guedes, I.
AU  - Loong, C.-K.
AU  - Boatner, L.A.
T1  - Phonon spectra of terbium-doped lutetium orthophosphates.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6344
EP  - 6347
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Raman spectroscopy has been applied to investigations of the effects of substitutionally replacing Lu by Tb in single crystals of the tetragonal, zircon structure host LuPO4. Room-temperature, polarized Raman spectra of Lu1-xTbxPO4 (x=0, 0.01, 0.1, and 0.12) have been studied. No appreciable changes in the frequencies of the phonons were observed, indicating that the force fields in the LuPO4 lattice are not strongly altered by Tb doping on the Lu site. A discussion of the fluorescence bands and a revised assignment of the LuPO4 vibrations are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHONONS
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONICS
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - ELECTROOPTICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15142891; Moura, M.R. 1; Email Address: mylene@fisica.ufc.br Ayala, A.P. 1 Guedes, I. 1 Loong, C.-K. 2 Boatner, L.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 6030, Campus do Pici 60455-970, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4814  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6056; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 11, p6344; Subject Term: PHONONS; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONICS; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: ELECTROOPTICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810641
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15142891&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blomqvist, P.
AU  - Krishnan, Kannan M.
AU  - Srinath, S.
AU  - te Velthuis, S.G.E.
T1  - Magnetization processes in exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers studied by polarized neutron reflectivity.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6523
EP  - 6526
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The magnetization processes in exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers have been investigated using polarized neutron reflectivity and vibrating sample magnetometry. The measurements show that by breaking the symmetry of the intrinsic cubic fourfold anisotropy of the Fe film the induced unidirectional anisotropy radically changes the magnetization processes. If the exchange bias is large the induced unidirectional anisotropy is able to pull the net magnetization of the sample to the bias direction after saturation along any of the magnetic hard Fe<110> directions. However, if the exchange bias is small it will only give rise to a difference in net magnetization along the magnetic easy axes adjacent to the saturation direction. Thus, the net magnetic moment along the bias direction depends on the relative magnitudes of the cubic and the unidirectional anisotropies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - HYSTERESIS loop
N1  - Accession Number: 15142854; Blomqvist, P. 1 Krishnan, Kannan M. 1; Email Address: kannanmk@u.washington.edu Srinath, S. 2 te Velthuis, S.G.E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195  2: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 11, p6523; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: HYSTERESIS loop; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1806257
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pantano, A.
AU  - Parks, D.M.
AU  - Boyce, M.C.
AU  - Nardelli, M. Buongiorno
T1  - Mixed finite element-tight-binding electromechanical analysis of carbon nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6756
EP  - 6760
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Electrical transport properties of carbon nanotubes can be dramatically changed by mechanical deformations that alter tube shape and the corresponding positions of the atoms comprising the tube wall. In principle, detailed atomic/electronic calculations can provide both the deformed configuration and the resulting electrical transport behavior of the tube. Here we simplify the process by refining a previously-developed nonlinear structural mechanics finite-element-based procedure for modeling mechanical behavior of carbon nanotubes to account explicitly for tube chirality. A quadrilateral element overlay procedure provides an isotropic finite element model of hexagonal cells within a graphene sheet, with the only nodal positions coincident with those of the atoms. Mechanical deformation of the nanotube structure is simulated with finite elements, and the evolving atomic [nodal] coordinates are processed within the finite element (FE) program by using a tight-binding (TB) code to calculate deformation-induced changes in electrical transport properties of the nanotube. Results of the mixed FE/TB calculations compare favorably with existing atomistic simulations of single-walled nanotubes subjected to torsion, intense lateral squeezing, and large, kink-producing bending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - ELECTROMECHANICAL analogies
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - CARBON
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15142823; Pantano, A. 1,2 Parks, D.M. 1 Boyce, M.C. 1; Email Address: mcboyce@mit.edu Nardelli, M. Buongiorno 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307  2: Dipartimento di Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy  3: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202 and CCS-CSM Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 11, p6756; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Subject Term: ELECTROMECHANICAL analogies; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809252
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hau-Riege, Stefan P.
AU  - Barty, Anton
AU  - Mirkarimi, Paul B.
AU  - Baker, Sherry
AU  - Coy, Michael A.
AU  - Mita, Masaaki
AU  - Robertson, Vernon E.
AU  - Liang, Ted
AU  - Stivers, Alan
T1  - Repair of phase defects in extreme-ultraviolet lithography mask blanks.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 96
IS  - 11
M3  - Article
SP  - 6812
EP  - 6821
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Phase defects that introduce errors in the printed image are one of the major yield limiters for reticles in extreme-ultraviolet lithography. The basis for a reticle is a mask blank, consisting of an ultra-low-expansion substrate and a reflective multilayer stack that is made up of Mo and Si. A potential methodology for repairing phase defects in these mask blanks is to locally irradiate it with a high-resolution electron beam to induce structural deformations that cancel out the distortion of the multilayer. We present experimental and modeling results that show that the interaction of an electron beam with a mask blank can only be understood when the contraction of the multilayer through silicide formation and substrate compaction, as well as the mechanical response of the mask blank, are considered. One of the consequences is that electron beams with energies around 10 keV that are less than 20 nm in diameter induce depressions in multilayers made up of 50 Mo/Si bilayers that have a surprisingly large diameter of about a micrometer. Our models suggest that these unacceptably large diameters can only be reduced if the compaction of the substrate is prevented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - LITHOGRAPHY
KW  - THICKNESS measurement
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15142810; Hau-Riege, Stefan P. 1 Barty, Anton 1 Mirkarimi, Paul B. 1 Baker, Sherry 1 Coy, Michael A. 2 Mita, Masaaki 2 Robertson, Vernon E. 2 Liang, Ted 3 Stivers, Alan 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550  2: JEOL USA, Inc., Peabody, Massachusetts 01960  3: Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, California 95052; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 11, p6812; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: LITHOGRAPHY; Subject Term: THICKNESS measurement; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 323119 Other printing; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Charts, 12 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812826
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crawley, Drury B.
AU  - Lawrie, Linda K.
AU  - Pedersen, Curtis O.
AU  - Winkelmann, Frederick C.
AU  - Witte, Michael J.
AU  - Strand, Richard K.
AU  - Liesen, Richard J.
AU  - Buhl, Walter F.
AU  - Yu Joe Huang
AU  - Henninger, Robert H.
AU  - Glazer, Jason
AU  - Fisher, Daniel E.
AU  - Shirey III, Don B.
AU  - Griffith, Brent T.
AU  - Ellis, Peter G.
AU  - Lixing Gu
T1  - ENERGYPLUS: NEW, CAPABLE, AND LINKED.
JO  - Journal of Architectural & Planning Research
JF  - Journal of Architectural & Planning Research
Y1  - 2004///Winter2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 292
EP  - 302
SN  - 07380895
AB  - A new building energy simulation program, known as EnergyPlus, was first released in April 2001. EnergyPlus builds on the capabilities and features of BLAST and DOE-2 and includes many simulation features, such as variable time steps, configurable modular systems that are integrated with a heat balance-based zone simulation, and input and output data structures tailored to facilitate third party module and interface development --features that have not been available together in a mainstream building energy simulation program. Other simulation capabilities include three thermal comfort models, extensive daylighting and advanced fenestration capabilities, multi-zone airflow modeling, more robust HVAC equipment models, more flexible system modeling, and photovoltaic simulation. Currently, more than l O private sector companies have stated their intentions to create user interfaces for EnergyPlus. Since EnergyPlus was released in April 2001, more than 20, 000 copies have been downloaded, with users in more than 90 countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Architectural & Planning Research is the property of Locke Science Publishing Company Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Simulation methods & models
KW  - Building
KW  - Photovoltaic power systems
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - User interfaces (Computer systems)
N1  - Accession Number: 15690369; Crawley, Drury B. 1; Lawrie, Linda K. 2; Pedersen, Curtis O. 3; Winkelmann, Frederick C. 4; Witte, Michael J. 5; Strand, Richard K. 6; Liesen, Richard J. 7; Buhl, Walter F. 8; Yu Joe Huang 9; Henninger, Robert H. 5; Glazer, Jason 5; Fisher, Daniel E. 10; Shirey III, Don B. 11; Griffith, Brent T. 12; Ellis, Peter G. 13; Lixing Gu 14; Affiliations: 1: Program Manager, Building Energy Tools in the Office of Building Technologies at the U.S. Department of Energy in Washington, D.C.; 2: Vice President, DHL Consulting in Pagosa Springs, Colorado; 3: Director of the Building Systems Laboratory and Professor Emeritus in the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; 4: Staff Scientist and Group Leader of the Simulation Research Group, Building Technologies Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California; 5: Principal Engineer, GARD Analytics in Park Ridge, Illinois; 6: Assistant Professor in the School of Architecture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 7: Associate Director of the Building Systems Laboratory and Principal Research Engineer in the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; 8: Senior Scientific Engineering Associate in the Simulation Research Group, Building Technologies Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California; 9: Staff Scientist in the Simulation Research Group, Building Technologies Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California; 10: Assistant Professor in the School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, Oklahoma; 11: Program Director, Florida Solar Energy Center in Cocoa, Florida; 12: Senior Engineer in the Center for Buildings and Thermal Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado; 13: Engineer in the Center for Buildings and Thermal Systems, National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado.; 14: Principal Research Engineer, Florida Solar Energy Center in Cocoa, Florida; Issue Info: Winter2004, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p292; Thesaurus Term: Simulation methods & models; Thesaurus Term: Building; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic power systems; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Subject Term: User interfaces (Computer systems); NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hitchcock, Robert J.
T1  - SOFTWARE INTEROPERABILITY IN SUPPORT OF WHOLE-BUILDING PERFORMANCE ASSURANCE.
JO  - Journal of Architectural & Planning Research
JF  - Journal of Architectural & Planning Research
Y1  - 2004///Winter2004
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 303
EP  - 311
SN  - 07380895
AB  - Whole-building integrated design and operations can result in buildings that are of overall higher quality and performance throughout their useful life. This approach requires the repeated evaluation of building performance from multiple perspectives, as well as the communication of evaluation results between project participants over time. The resources necessary for employing sophisticated simulation tools in this process have historically been prohibitive. The alternative of making design and operation decisions based on rules-of-thumb and simplified methods can lead to suboptimal performance. Even when individual participants do employ simulation, the results are seldom communicated between participants to assure whole-building performance across the life-cycle. Software interoperability proffers a partial solution to these problems by defining a common data model for exchanging a comprehensive set of building data between software tools and their users. This paper discusses software interoperability capable of supporting data exchange between project participants and their tools across the building life-cycle. An overview is given of the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), a common data model developed by the International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI). A working implementation example of software interoperability including CAD, energy simulation, and performance metric tracking tools is presented within a context of life-cycle information management intended to support whole-building performance assurance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Architectural & Planning Research is the property of Locke Science Publishing Company Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Computer simulation
KW  - Computer software
KW  - Performance
KW  - Communication
KW  - Information resources management
N1  - Accession Number: 15690370; Hitchcock, Robert J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Staff Research Associate in the Building Technologies Department of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Issue Info: Winter2004, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p303; Thesaurus Term: Computer simulation; Subject Term: Computer software; Subject Term: Performance; Subject Term: Communication; Subject Term: Information resources management; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 519190 All Other Information Services; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Návar, J.
AU  - Méndez, E.
AU  - Nájera, A.
AU  - Graciano, J.
AU  - Dale, V.
AU  - Parresol, B.
T1  - Biomass equations for shrub species of Tamaulipan thornscrub of North-eastern Mexico
JO  - Journal of Arid Environments
JF  - Journal of Arid Environments
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 59
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 657
EP  - 674
SN  - 01401963
AB  - Nine additive allometric equations for computing above-ground, standing biomass were developed for the plant community and for each of 18 single species typical of the Tamaulipan thornscrub of north-eastern Mexico. Equations developed using additive procedures in seemingly unrelated linear regression provided statistical efficiency in total biomass estimates at the scales of both individual species and at the plant community. A single equation for each species improves efficiency in biomass estimates by 12.5% in contrast to using a single equation for the plant community. Therefore, additive equations developed in seemingly unrelated linear regression of parameter estimation are recommended to compute biomass components and total biomass for the species described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Arid Environments is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Plant species
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Classification of plants
KW  - Above-ground biomass components
KW  - Additive least-squares techniques
KW  - Arid
KW  - Semi-arid and subtropical shrub species
N1  - Accession Number: 14101144; Návar, J. 1; Email Address: jnavar@ccr.dsi.uanl.mx; Méndez, E. 2; Nájera, A. 2; Graciano, J. 2; Dale, V. 3; Email Address: dalevh@ornl.gov; Parresol, B. 4; Email Address: bparresol@fs.fed.us; Affiliations: 1: Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, UANL, Km 145, Carretera Nacional Linares Cd Victoria, Linares Nueovo Leon, CP 67700, Mexico; 2: Instituto Tecnologico Forestal, No. 1. El Salto, P.N., Durango, Mexico; 3: Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA; 4: USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, P.O. Box 2680, Asheville, NC 28802, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 59 Issue 4, p657; Thesaurus Term: Plant species; Subject Term: Regression analysis; Subject Term: Classification of plants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Above-ground biomass components; Author-Supplied Keyword: Additive least-squares techniques; Author-Supplied Keyword: Arid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-arid and subtropical shrub species; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.02.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferrare, R. A.
AU  - Browell, E. V.
AU  - Ismail, S.
AU  - Kooi, S. A.
AU  - Brasseur, L. H.
AU  - Brackett, V. G.
AU  - Clayton, M. B.
AU  - Barrick, J. D. W.
AU  - Diskin, G. S.
AU  - Goldsmith, J. E. M.
AU  - Lesht, B. M.
AU  - Podolske, J. R.
AU  - Sachse, G. W.
AU  - Schmidlin, F. J.
AU  - Turner, D. D.
AU  - Whiteman, D. N.
AU  - Tobin, D.
AU  - Miloshevich, L. M.
AU  - Revercomb, H. E.
AU  - Demoz, B. B.
T1  - Characterization of Upper-Troposphere Water Vapor Measurements during AFWEX Using LASE.
JO  - Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology
JF  - Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1790
EP  - 1808
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 07390572
AB  - Water vapor mass mixing ratio profiles from NASA's Lidar Atmospheric Sensing Experiment (LASE) system acquired during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)–First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) Regional Experiment (FIRE) Water Vapor Experiment (AFWEX) are used as a reference to characterize upper-troposphere water vapor (UTWV) measured by ground-based Raman lidars, radiosondes, and in situ aircraft sensors over the Department of Energy (DOE) ARM Southern Great Plains (SGP) site in northern Oklahoma. LASE was deployed from the NASA DC-8 aircraft and measured water vapor over the ARM SGP Central Facility (CF) site during seven flights between 27 November and 10 December 2000. Initially, the DOE ARM SGP Cloud and Radiation Testbed (CART) Raman lidar (CARL) UTWV profiles were about 5%–7% wetter than LASE in the upper troposphere, and the Vaisala RS80-H radiosonde profiles were about 10% drier than LASE between 8 and 12 km. Scaling the Vaisala water vapor profiles to match the precipitable water vapor (PWV) measured by the ARM SGP microwave radiometer (MWR) did not change these results significantly. By accounting for an overlap correction of the CARL water vapor profiles and by employing schemes designed to correct the Vaisala RS80-H calibration method and account for the time response of the Vaisala RS80-H water vapor sensor, the average differences between the CARL and Vaisala radiosonde upper-troposphere water vapor profiles are reduced to about 5%, which is within the ARM goal of mean differences of less than 10%. The LASE and DC-8 in situ diode laser hygrometer (DLH) UTWV measurements generally agreed to within about 3%–4%. The DC-8 in situ frost point cryogenic hygrometer and Snow White chilled-mirror measurements were drier than the LASE, Raman lidars, and corrected Vaisala RS80H measurements by about 10%–25% and 10%–15%, respectively. Sippican (formerly VIZ Manufacturing) carbon hygristor radiosondes exhibited large variabilities and poor agreement with the other measurements. PWV derived from the LASE profiles agreed to within about 3% on average with PWV derived from the ARM SGP microwave radiometer. The agreement between the LASE and MWR PWV and the LASE and CARL UTWV measurements supports the hypotheses that MWR measurements of the 22-GHz water vapor line can accurately constrain the total water vapor amount and that the CART Raman lidar, when calibrated using the MWR PWV, can provide an accurate, stable reference for characterizing upper-troposphere water vapor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TROPOSPHERE
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC water vapor
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - METEOROLOGICAL instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 15569405; Ferrare, R. A. 1; Email Address: richard.a.ferrare@nasa.gov Browell, E. V. 1 Ismail, S. 1 Kooi, S. A. 2 Brasseur, L. H. 2 Brackett, V. G. 2 Clayton, M. B. 2 Barrick, J. D. W. 1 Diskin, G. S. 1 Goldsmith, J. E. M. 3 Lesht, B. M. 4 Podolske, J. R. 5 Sachse, G. W. 1 Schmidlin, F. J. 6 Turner, D. D. 7 Whiteman, D. N. 8 Tobin, D. 9 Miloshevich, L. M. 10 Revercomb, H. E. 9 Demoz, B. B. 9; Affiliation:  1: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia  2: SAIC/NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California  4: Argonne National Lab, Argonne, Illinois  5: NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California  6: NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, Virginia  7: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  8: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland  9: University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin  10: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 21 Issue 12, p1790; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERE; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC water vapor; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: METEOROLOGICAL instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thormann, Kai M.
AU  - Saville, Renée M.
AU  - Shukla, Soni
AU  - Pelletier, Dale A.
AU  - Spormann, Alfred M.
T1  - Initial Phases of Bioflim Formation in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 186
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 8096
EP  - 8104
SN  - 00219193
AB  - Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a facultative Fe(III)- and Mn(IV)-reducing microorganism and serves as a model for studying microbially induced dissolution of Fe or Mn oxide minerals as well as biogeochemical cycles. In soil and sediment environments, S. oneidensis biofilms form on mineral surfaces and are critical for mediating the metabolic interaction between this microbe and insoluble metal oxide phases. In order to develop an understanding of the molecular basis of biofilm formation, we investigated S. oneidensis biofilms developing on glass surfaces in a hydrodynamic flow chamber system. After initial attachment, growth of microcolonies and lateral spreading of biofilm cells on the surface occurred simultaneously within the first 24 h. Once surface coverage was almost complete, biofilm development proceeded with extensive vertical growth, resulting in formation of towering structures giving rise to pronounced three-dimensional architecture. Biofilm development was found to be dependent on the nutrient conditions, suggesting a metabolic control. In global transposon mutagenesis, 173 insertion mutants out of 15,000 mutants screened were identified carrying defects in initial attachment and/or early stages in biofilm formation. Seventy-one of those mutants exhibited a nonswimming phenotype, suggesting a role of swimming motility or motility elements in biofilm formation. Disruption mutations in motility genes (flhB, fliK, and pomA), however, did not affect initial attachment but affected progression of biofilm development into pronounced three-dimensional architecture. In contrast, mutants defective in mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin type IV pilus biosynthesis and in pilus retraction (pilT) showed severe defects in adhesion to abiotic surfaces and biofilm formation, respectively. The results provide a basis for understanding microbe-mineral interactions in natural environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEWANELLA
KW  - VIBRIONACEAE
KW  - GRAM-negative bacteria
KW  - BIOFILMS
KW  - MICROBIAL aggregation
KW  - MICROBIAL ecology
N1  - Accession Number: 15413595; Thormann, Kai M. 1 Saville, Renée M. 1 Shukla, Soni 1 Pelletier, Dale A. 2 Spormann, Alfred M. 1,3,4; Email Address: spormann@stanford.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6149  3: Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California  4: Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 186 Issue 23, p8096; Subject Term: SHEWANELLA; Subject Term: VIBRIONACEAE; Subject Term: GRAM-negative bacteria; Subject Term: BIOFILMS; Subject Term: MICROBIAL aggregation; Subject Term: MICROBIAL ecology; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 6 Color Photographs, 2 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JB.186.23.8096-8104.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - YU, GONG-XIN
T1  - RULEMINER:: A KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM FOR SUPPORTING HIGH-THROUGHPUT PROTEIN FUNCTION ANNOTATIONS.
JO  - Journal of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology
JF  - Journal of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 595
EP  - 617
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 02197200
AB  - In this paper, we present RuleMiner, a knowledge system to facilitate a seamless integration of multi-sequence analysis tools and define profile-based rules for supporting high-throughput protein function annotations. This system consists of three essential components, Protein Function Groups (PFGs), PFG profiles and rules. The PFGs, established from an integrated analysis of current knowledge of protein functions from Swiss-Prot database and protein family-based sequence classifications, cover all possible cellular functions available in the database. The PFG profiles illustrate detailed protein features in the PFGs as in sequence conservations, the occurrences of sequence-based motifs, domains and species distributions. The rules, extracted from the PFG profiles, describe the clear relationships between these PFGs and all possible features. As a result, the RuleMiner is able to provide an enhanced capability for protein function analysis, such as results from the integrated sequence analysis tools for given proteins can be comparatively analyzed due to the clear feature-PFG relationships. Also, much needed guidance is readily available for such analysis. If the rules describe one-to-one (unique) relationships between the protein features and the PFGs, then these features can be utilized as unique functional identifiers and cellular functions of unknown proteins can be reliably determined. Otherwise, additional information has to be provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - AMINO acid sequence
KW  - AMINO acids -- Analysis
KW  - DATABASES
KW  - BIOINFORMATICS
KW  - COMPUTATIONAL biology
KW  - knowledge system
KW  - protein features
KW  - Protein function groups
KW  - rules
N1  - Accession Number: 15243910; YU, GONG-XIN 1; Email Address: yug@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p595; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: AMINO acid sequence; Subject Term: AMINO acids -- Analysis; Subject Term: DATABASES; Subject Term: BIOINFORMATICS; Subject Term: COMPUTATIONAL biology; Author-Supplied Keyword: knowledge system; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein features; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protein function groups; Author-Supplied Keyword: rules; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Epting, Conrad L.
AU  - Lopez, Javier E.
AU  - Xun Shen
AU  - Liansen Liu
AU  - Bristow, James
AU  - Bernstein, Harold S.
T1  - Stem cell antigen-1 is necessary for cell-cycle withdrawal and myoblast differentiation in C2C12 cells.
JO  - Journal of Cell Science
JF  - Journal of Cell Science
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 117
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6185
EP  - 6195
SN  - 00219533
AB  - Extracellular signaling pathways regulating myoblast differentiation and cell-cycle withdrawal are not completely understood. Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1/Ly-6A/E) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein known for its role in T-cell activation, and recently described as a marker for regeneration-competent myoblasts. We previously determined that expression of Sca-1/Ly-6A is transiently upregulated during myocyte cell-cycle withdrawal; however, a specific function for Sca-1 in myogenesis has not been described. Here, we show that Sca-1 expression on the surface of a subpopulation of differentiating C2C12 myoblasts is maximal at the time of cell-cycle withdrawal, and that blocking Sca-1 with monoclonal antibodies or downregulating Sca-1 expression by antisense both promotes proliferation and inhibits myotube formation. Downregulating Sca-1 expression derepresses Fyn at the time of myoblast cell-cycle withdrawal, and dominant-negative and constitutively active Fyn mutants rescue and recapitulate the Sca-1 antisense phenotype, respectively. This suggests a Fyn-mediated mechanism for Sca-1 action. Thus, we demonstrate an unprecedented role for Sca-1 in early myogenesis in C2C12 cells, and propose a novel pathway from the myoblast cell surface to intracellular signaling networks controlling proliferation versus differentiation in mammalian muscle. These findings suggest that, beyond its role as a marker for muscle progenitors, Sca-1 may be an important therapeutic target for promoting muscle regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Cell Science is the property of Company of Biologists Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEM cells
KW  - CELL cycle
KW  - CELL cycle -- Regulation
KW  - MYOBLASTS
KW  - MUSCLE cells
KW  - CELLS
KW  - MYOGENESIS
KW  - EMBRYOLOGY
KW  - Cell-cycle withdrawal
KW  - GPI-anchored proteins
KW  - Ly-6
KW  - Muscle regeneration
KW  - Myoblast fusion
KW  - Sca-1
N1  - Accession Number: 15956683; Epting, Conrad L. 1,2 Lopez, Javier E. 1 Xun Shen 1 Liansen Liu 1 Bristow, James 3 Bernstein, Harold S. 1,2,4; Email Address: hsbernstein@pedcard.ucsf.edu; Affiliation:  1: Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA  2: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA  3: Life Sciences Division, Genome Sciences, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 117 Issue 25, p6185; Subject Term: STEM cells; Subject Term: CELL cycle; Subject Term: CELL cycle -- Regulation; Subject Term: MYOBLASTS; Subject Term: MUSCLE cells; Subject Term: CELLS; Subject Term: MYOGENESIS; Subject Term: EMBRYOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cell-cycle withdrawal; Author-Supplied Keyword: GPI-anchored proteins; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ly-6; Author-Supplied Keyword: Muscle regeneration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Myoblast fusion; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sca-1; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1242/jcs.01548
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15956683&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baltrus, John P.
T1  - The 13th Annual James L. Waters Symposium at Pittcon: Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Education
JF  - Journal of Chemical Education
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 81
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1725
EP  - 1725
SN  - 00219584
AB  - The article presents a discussion on the 13th Annual James L. Waters Symposium on electron spectroscopy that was held in March 2002 in the United States. The James L. Waters Annual Symposium is a unique component of the Pittsburgh Conference technical program. Waters, founder of the well-known Waters Associates Inc., and currently president of Waters Business Systems Inc., proposed in 1989 that the Society for Analytical Chemists of Pittsburgh offer an annual symposium exploring the origins, development, implementation, and commercialization of scientific instrumentation of established and major significance. The topic of the 13th Waters Symposium was electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ANALYTICAL chemistry
KW  - SEMINARS
KW  - UNITED States
KW  - WATERS, James L.
N1  - Accession Number: 15282289; Baltrus, John P. 1; Email Address: balrus@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 81 Issue 12, p1725; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL chemistry; Subject Term: SEMINARS; Subject Term: UNITED States; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; People: WATERS, James L.; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Ping
AU  - Rodriguez, José A.
AU  - Muckerman, James T.
T1  - The chemical activity of metal compound nanoparticles: Importance of electronic and steric effects in M8C12 (M=Ti, V, Mo) metcars.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 121
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 10321
EP  - 10324
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Density functional theory was employed to investigate the chemical activity of metal carbide nanoparticles. The present calculations indicate that M8C12 (M=Ti, V, Mo) nanoparticles exhibit a unique behavior compared to metal [M(001)] and metal carbide surfaces [M2C(001) and MC(001)]. It is found that the nanoparticles behave very reactive in spite of the high carbon concentration in some reactions, while surprisingly inert in other cases. Our study reveals that the unexpected activity is the result of the interplay of shifts in the metal d-bands and distortions in the geometry of the metal carbide nanoparticles. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - CARBIDES
KW  - METALS
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - CARBON compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 15063881; Liu, Ping 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Rodriguez, José A. 1; Email Address: rodrigez@bnl.gov Muckerman, James T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 121 Issue 21, p10321; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: CARBIDES; Subject Term: METALS; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: CARBON compounds; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1825374
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maisuradze, Gia G.
AU  - Kawano, Akio
AU  - Thompson, Donald L.
AU  - Wagner, Albert F.
AU  - Minkoff, Michael
T1  - Interpolating moving least-squares methods for fitting potential energy surfaces: Analysis of an application to a six-dimensional system.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 121
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 10329
EP  - 10338
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The basic formal and numerical aspects of different degree interpolated moving least-squares (IMLS) methods are applied to a six-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) of the HOOH molecule, for which an analytic (“exact”) potential is available in the literature. The results of systematic investigations of the effects of weight function parameters, the degree and partial degree of IMLS, the number of data points allowed, and the optimal automatic point selection of data points up to full third-degree IMLS fits are reported. With partial reduction of cross terms and automatic point selection the full six-dimensional HOOH PES can be fit over a range of 100 kcal/mol to an accuracy of less than 1 kcal/mol with ∼1350 ab initio points. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POTENTIAL energy surfaces
KW  - INTERPOLATION
KW  - LEAST squares
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15063879; Maisuradze, Gia G. 1 Kawano, Akio 1 Thompson, Donald L. 1 Wagner, Albert F. 2 Minkoff, Michael 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 121 Issue 21, p10329; Subject Term: POTENTIAL energy surfaces; Subject Term: INTERPOLATION; Subject Term: LEAST squares; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810477
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15063879&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mančal, Tomáš
AU  - Fleming, Graham R.
T1  - Probing electronic coupling in excitonically coupled heterodimer complexes by two-color three-pulse photon echoes.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 121
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 10556
EP  - 10565
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Following the earlier work of Yang et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 110 (1999) 2983] analytical expressions for the downhill and uphill resonant two-color three-pulse photon echo peak shift (2C-3PEPS) of a heterodimer system are derived in the impulsive limit. It is shown how to obtain information about coupling between the components of the dimer from the combined one- and two-color peak shift measurements. Further analytical relations are derived which enable site specific information about the environment of the components, including the relative difference of the inhomogeneity and the difference between the energy-gap correlation functions on the heterodimer sites to be obtained. The simulations show only a very small influence of the laser pulse length on the measured values of coupling coefficient and other relevant quantities suggesting that current 2C-3PEPS measurements can find practical application in directly measuring couplings in excitonically coupled heterodimer complexes. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DIMERS
KW  - PHOTON echoes
KW  - COHERENCE (Optics)
KW  - ENERGY gaps (Physics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15063850; Mančal, Tomáš 1 Fleming, Graham R. 2; Email Address: grfleming@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley.  2: Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 121 Issue 21, p10556; Subject Term: DIMERS; Subject Term: PHOTON echoes; Subject Term: COHERENCE (Optics); Subject Term: ENERGY gaps (Physics); Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: COUPLING constants (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1807816
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15063850&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kang, Jeung Ku
AU  - Lee, Jai Young
AU  - Muller, Richard P.
AU  - Goddard, William A.
T1  - Hydrogen storage in LiAlH4: Predictions of the crystal structures and reaction mechanisms of intermediate phases from quantum mechanics.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 121
IS  - 21
M3  - Article
SP  - 10623
EP  - 10633
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We use the density functional theory and x-ray and neutron diffraction to investigate the crystal structures and reaction mechanisms of intermediate phases likely to be involved in decomposition of the potential hydrogen storage material LiAlH4. First, we explore the decomposition mechanism of monoclinic LiAlH4 into monoclinic Li3AlH6 plus face-centered cubic (fcc) Al and hydrogen. We find that this reaction proceeds through a five-step mechanism with an overall activation barrier of 36.9 kcal/mol. The simulated x ray and neutron diffraction patterns from LiAlH4 and Li3AlH6 agree well with experimental data. On the other hand, the alternative decomposition of LiAlH4 into LiAlH2 plus H2 is predicted to be unstable with respect to that through Li3AlH6. Next, we investigate thermal decomposition of Li3AlH6 into fcc LiH plus Al and hydrogen, occurring through a four-step mechanism with an activation barrier of 17.4 kcal/mol for the rate-limiting step. In the first and second steps, two Li atoms accept two H atoms from AlH6 to form the stable Li-H-Li-H complex. Then, two sequential H2 desorption steps are followed, which eventually result in fcc LiH plus fcc Al and hydrogen: Li3AlH6(monoclinic)→3 LiH(fcc)+Al(fcc)+3/2 H2 is endothermic by 15.8 kcal/mol. The dissociation energy of 15.8 kcal/mol per formula unit compares to experimental enthalpies in the range of 9.8–23.9 kcal/mol. Finally, we explore thermal decomposition of LiH, LiH(s)+Al(s)→LiAl(s)+1/2H2(g) is endothermic by 4.6 kcal/mol. The B32 phase, which we predict as the lowest energy structure for LiAl, shows covalent bond characters in the Al-Al direction. Additionally, we determine that transformation of LiH plus Al into LiAlH is unstable with respect to transformation of LiH through LiAl. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 15063844; Kang, Jeung Ku 1 Lee, Jai Young 1 Muller, Richard P. 2 Goddard, William A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejon 305-701, Republic of Korea.  2: Computational Materials and Molecular Biology, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0996.  3: Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125-7400.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 121 Issue 21, p10623; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 5 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1795731
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson, Graydon K.
T1  - Enthalpy of dissociation and hydration number of methane hydrate from the Clapeyron equation
JO  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 36
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1119
EP  - 1127
SN  - 00219614
AB  - Abstract: The enthalpies of the reactions in which methane hydrate is dissociated to methane vapor and either (1) water, or (2) ice are determined by a new analysis using the Clapeyron equation. The difference in enthalpies of the two reactions is used to infer the hydration number at the quadruple point where hydrate, ice, liquid water, and methane vapor coexist. By appropriate corrections, the hydration number at points removed from the quadruple point is also determined. The most important feature of the new analysis is the direct use of the Clapeyron equation. The method avoids the use of certain simplifying assumptions that have compromised the accuracy of previous analyses in which the Clausius–Clapeyron equation was used. The analysis takes into account the finite volumes of all phases, the non-ideality of the vapor phase, and the solubility of methane in water. The results show that the enthalpy of dissociation and hydration number are constant within experimental error over the entire (hydrate, liquid, vapor) coexistence region. The results are more accurate than but entirely consistent with almost all previous studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANURE gases
KW  - SCISSION (Chemistry)
KW  - ALKANES
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - Clapeyron equation
KW  - Enthalpy of dissociation
KW  - Hydration number
KW  - Methane hydrate
N1  - Accession Number: 19236478; Anderson, Graydon K. 1; Email Address: graydon@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J-567, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, US; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 36 Issue 12, p1119; Subject Term: MANURE gases; Subject Term: SCISSION (Chemistry); Subject Term: ALKANES; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clapeyron equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enthalpy of dissociation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydration number; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methane hydrate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jct.2004.07.005
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, Tiffany N.
AU  - Land, Terry A.
AU  - Johnson, Michael
AU  - Casey, William H.
T1  - Molecular properties of adsorbates that affect the growth kinetics of archerite (KDP)
JO  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
JF  - Journal of Colloid & Interface Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 280
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 18
EP  - 26
SN  - 00219797
AB  - Abstract: We explore the molecular properties of adsorbates that dramatically affect growth kinetics and morphology of the face of archerite, also known as potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4 or KDP). Aqueous complexes of Al(III), Fe(III), and Cr(III) are known to affect KDP growth, albeit the actual step-pinning complex(es) is unknown. Using in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM), we measured changes in the growth rates of the face of KDP with supersaturation in the presence of trace amounts of [Co(NH3)6]3+, [Fe(CN)6]3-, -[Co(NH3)5HPO4]+, -[Co(NH3)4HPO4]+, -[Co(NH3)4P2O7H2]+, and [Rh(H2PO4)2(H2O)4]+. Unlike in experiments using trivalent-metals, these complexes do not change stoichiometry or structure on the timescale of step motion, so that the actual molecular interactions that affect growth can be studied. Step velocity and morphology on the face are unaffected by outer-sphere coordination complexes of either charge. Surprisingly, inner-sphere phosphatoammine complexes do not affect growth rates regardless of how the phosphate group is coordinated to the metal. However, doping the growth solution with [Rh(H2PO4)2(H2O)4]+ results in profound step pinning, matching the behavior of KDP surfaces grown in the presence of Rh(III) after an equilibration period. Not only is an inner-sphere phosphate group needed to dock a trivalent metal to the step edge, but compatible hydrogen bonding of the remainder of the inner-sphere ligands with the bulk lattice is also essential. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Colloid & Interface Science is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COORDINATES
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - TWINNING (Crystallography)
KW  - Adsorbates
KW  - AFM
KW  - Crystal growth
KW  - KDP
KW  - Phosphates
N1  - Accession Number: 18947429; Thomas, Tiffany N. 1,2 Land, Terry A. 2 Johnson, Michael 3 Casey, William H. 1,4; Email Address: whcasey@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, Chemistry Graduate Group University of California at Davis, 1110 PES Bldg., One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA  2: Chemistry and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA  3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA  4: Department of Geology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 280 Issue 1, p18; Subject Term: COORDINATES; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: TWINNING (Crystallography); Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorbates; Author-Supplied Keyword: AFM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal growth; Author-Supplied Keyword: KDP; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phosphates; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.07.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=18947429&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Prime, Michael B.
AU  - Hill, Michael R.
T1  - Measurement of Fiber-scale Residual Stress Variation in a Metal-matrix Composite.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 38
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 2079
EP  - 2095
SN  - 00219983
AB  - The crack compliance, or slitting, method was used to measure a localized depth profile of residual stresses in a metal-matrix composite. The composite consisted of a matrix of Kanthal, a Fe-Cr-Al refractory alloy, reinforced with continuous uniaxial tungsten fibers. The stress measurements involved successively deepening a narrow slit between the fibers in the matrix, and measuring the resulting deformations with a surface strain gage. The depth profile of the in-plane residual stress components was determined from the measured strains using an eigenstrain-based extension of the residual stress calculation scheme normally used for slitting measurements. To validate some of the eigenstrain assumptions, the measured residual stresses were compared with the predictions from a thermomechanical finite element model. The model used a mesh of the actual fiber arrangement in the composite specimen rather than the commonly used unit-cell model. Compared to other techniques for measuring residual stresses in composites, the slitting measurements provided spatial resolution to a small fraction of the fiber diameter, which is useful when validating a thermomechanical model. Coincidentally, this is the first reported slitting method measurements of shear residual stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SLITTING (Metalwork)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - THERMAL stresses
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - fiber composite
KW  - inherent strain
KW  - slitting
KW  - thermal stress
N1  - Accession Number: 15563618; Prime, Michael B. 1; Email Address: prime@lanl.gov Hill, Michael R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Engineering Sciences and Applications Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of California Davis, CA 95616, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 23, p2079; Subject Term: SLITTING (Metalwork); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: THERMAL stresses; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: fiber composite; Author-Supplied Keyword: inherent strain; Author-Supplied Keyword: slitting; Author-Supplied Keyword: thermal stress; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304045584
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hannappel, T.
AU  - McMahon, W.E.
AU  - Olson, J.M.
T1  - An RDS, LEED, and STM Study of MOCVD-Prepared Si(100) surfaces
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 272
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 29
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Abstract: Clean, As- and P-terminated Si(100) surfaces were prepared with H2 carrier gas and AsH3 and PH3 as precursors in an MOCVD chamber. Reflectance difference spectra (RDS) were taken in situ. Samples were then transferred under vacuum to an ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) chamber for analysis with AES, LEED, and STM. Clean, As-terminated Si(100) surfaces were achieved by annealing the sample at T<900°C supplying either AsH3 or hydrogen (plus background Asx). Various preparation procedures were applied and benchmarked in UHV. Extended annealing under AsH3 led to strongly faceted surfaces whereas AsH3 flow of moderate concentration, temperature, and time led to flat, two-domain, (2×1)/(1×2) reconstructed surfaces. RD spectra almost identical to RD spectra of As/Si(100) surfaces prepared in UHV with MBE were obtained by annealing the samples under AsH3. Annealing under PH3 supply bore a new, two-domain (6×3)/(3×6) surface reconstruction at low flows, and a SiP compound at high flows. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - 68.43.Fg
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - A1. Adsorption
KW  - A1. Reflectance difference spectroscopy
KW  - A1. Scanning tunneling microscopy
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - B2. Semiconducting III–V materials
KW  - B2. Semiconducting silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 19278569; Hannappel, T. 1,2; Email Address: hannappel@hmi.de McMahon, W.E. 2 Olson, J.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Hahn-Meitner-Institute, Solar Energy (SE-4), Glienicker Str. 100, Berlin D-14109, Germany  2: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 272 Issue 1-4, p24; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: 68.43.Fg; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Adsorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Reflectance difference spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Scanning tunneling microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting III–V materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting silicon; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.08.043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Allerman, A.A.
AU  - Crawford, M.H.
AU  - Fischer, A.J.
AU  - Bogart, K.H.A.
AU  - Lee, S.R.
AU  - Follstaedt, D.M.
AU  - Provencio, P.P.
AU  - Koleske, D.D.
T1  - Growth and design of deep-UV (240–290nm) light emitting diodes using AlGaN alloys
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 272
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 227
EP  - 241
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Abstract: Solid-state light sources emitting at wavelengths less than 300nm would enable technological advances in many areas such as fluorescence-based biological agent detection, non-line-of-sight communications, water purification, and industrial processing including ink drying and epoxy curing. In this paper, we present our recent progress in the development of LEDs with emission between 237 and 297nm.We will discuss growth and design issues of deep-UV LEDs, including transport in Si-doped AlGaN layers. The LEDs are designed for bottom emission so that improved heat sinking and light extraction can be achieved by flip chipping. To date, we have demonstrated 2.25mW of output power at 295nm from 1mm×1mm LEDs operated at 500mA. Shorter wavelength LEDs emitting at 276nm have achieved an output power of 1.3mW at 400mA. The heterostructure designs that we have employed have suppressed deep level emission to intensities that are up to 330×lower than the primary quantum well emission. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIGHT emitting diodes
KW  - ELECTROLUMINESCENT devices
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - 73.61.Ey
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - B1. AlGaN
KW  - B1. Nitrides
KW  - B3. Light emitting diodes
N1  - Accession Number: 19278612; Allerman, A.A.; Email Address: aaaller@sandia.gov Crawford, M.H. 1 Fischer, A.J. 1 Bogart, K.H.A. 1 Lee, S.R. 1 Follstaedt, D.M. 1 Provencio, P.P. 1 Koleske, D.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, M/S0601 Department 1126, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 272 Issue 1-4, p227; Subject Term: LIGHT emitting diodes; Subject Term: ELECTROLUMINESCENT devices; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: 73.61.Ey; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. AlGaN; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Nitrides; Author-Supplied Keyword: B3. Light emitting diodes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.08.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, M.C.
AU  - Konsek, S.L.
AU  - Zettl, A.
AU  - Bourret-Courchesne, E.D.
T1  - Nucleation and growth of InN thin films using conventional and pulsed MOVPE
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 272
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 400
EP  - 406
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Abstract: InN was deposited on c-sapphire and GaN substrates using conventional and pulsed metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. The nucleation and evolution of thin film growth was investigated. Growth temperature, V/III molar ratio, and substrate material were varied for the two different growth modes (conventional vs. pulsed MOCVD). It was found that InN deposition was sensitive to V/III molar ratio and growth temperature. Photoluminescence results show a peak emission at 0.83eV. Results are presented that show the highest quality InN was deposited using pulsed metalorganic vapor-phase Epitaxy on GaN substrates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - SOLID state electronics
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - A1. Nucleation
KW  - A1. Photoluminescence
KW  - A1. Scanning Electron Microscopy
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - B1. Indium Nitride (InN)
KW  - B1. Nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 19278638; Johnson, M.C. 1 Konsek, S.L. 1,2 Zettl, A. 1,2 Bourret-Courchesne, E.D. 1; Email Address: EDBourret@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Center for Advanced Materials, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 2R0200, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 272 Issue 1-4, p400; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: SOLID state electronics; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Photoluminescence; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Scanning Electron Microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Indium Nitride (InN); Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Nitrides; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.08.057
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19278638&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cederberg, J.G.
AU  - Waldrip, K.E.
AU  - Peake, G.M.
T1  - Pendeoepitaxy of GaAs and In0.15Ga0.85As using laterally oxidized GaAs/Al0.96Ga0.04As templates
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 272
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 588
EP  - 595
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Abstract: A technique is presented to achieve pendeoepitaxy of GaAs and In0.15Ga0.85As. GaAs/Al0.96Ga0.04As templates were formed by etching patterns into the surface and oxidizing the exposed Al0.96Ga0.04As to form AlOx, which acts as a mask material. Experiments were performed for the homoepitaxial GaAs growth while varying the growth rate, AsH3 partial pressure, and the growth temperature to find conditions that produce near vertical sidewalls and smooth surfaces. In0.15Ga0.85As heteroepitaxy was performed to evaluate if any improvement in crystal quality could be achieved for growth on the engineered template compared to planar heteroepitaxy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - CRYSTAL whiskers
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - 81.15.Gh
KW  - A1. Growth morphology
KW  - A1. Whiskers
KW  - A3. Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - B2. Semiconducting III–V compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 19278669; Cederberg, J.G.; Email Address: jgceder@sandia.gov Waldrip, K.E. 1 Peake, G.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0601, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 272 Issue 1-4, p588; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: CRYSTAL whiskers; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 81.15.Gh; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Growth morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Whiskers; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: B2. Semiconducting III–V compounds; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.08.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dohner, J. L.
AU  - Eisler, G. R.
AU  - Driessen, B. J.
AU  - Hurtado, J.
T1  - Cooperative Control of Vehicle Swarms for Acoustic Target Localization by Energy Flows.
JO  - Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, & Control
JF  - Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, & Control
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 891
EP  - 895
SN  - 00220434
AB  - Examines a control algorithm for guiding swarms of robotic vehicles to acoustic targets. Pressure measurements used in the algorithm from a set of sensors attached to a vehicle of the swarm to deduce energy flows from the environment; Validation of the algorithm using a collective of eight hand-placed microphones in an open-space area with a separation between an emitter and scatterer.
KW  - AUTOMATIC control
KW  - CONTROL theory (Mathematics)
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - ROBOTICS
KW  - MOTOR vehicles
KW  - AUTOMATION
N1  - Accession Number: 16672750; Dohner, J. L. 1 Eisler, G. R. 1 Driessen, B. J. 2 Hurtado, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 1080, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1080  2: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, 301 Sparkman Drive, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899  3: Texas A&M University, 3141 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3141; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 126 Issue 4, p891; Subject Term: AUTOMATIC control; Subject Term: CONTROL theory (Mathematics); Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Subject Term: ROBOTICS; Subject Term: MOTOR vehicles; Subject Term: AUTOMATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415190 Recreational and other motor vehicles merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 3 Black and White Photographs, 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1115/1.1852463
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glaser, Paul H.
AU  - Siegel, Donald I.
AU  - Reeve, Andrew S.
AU  - Janssens, Jan A.
AU  - Janecky, David R.
T1  - Tectonic drivers for vegetation patterning and landscape evolution in the Albany River region of the Hudson Bay Lowlands.
JO  - Journal of Ecology
JF  - Journal of Ecology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 92
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1054
EP  - 1070
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00220477
AB  - 1 Groundwater–peatland interactions were assessed by a regional survey in the Hudson Bay Lowlands, where the rapid rate of isostatic uplift has perturbed hydrological flow systems across a 6000-year chronosequence.2 A 24 000 km2 study area along the Albany River consists of 55% fen, 35% bog and 10% mineral soil. The peatland vegetation may be further subdivided into 11 noda, which are closely related to different water levels, ranges in water chemistry, and peat landform type. Species richness generally declines with increasing water level and acidity, whereas the gradient from bog to extremely rich fen is marked by the changing abundance and occurrence of fen-indicator species.3 Bog landforms are restricted to physiographic settings where surface waters flow downwards and the bog vegetation is therefore isotated from the influence of geogenous waters. In contrast, fens are located in areas where mineral solutes are transported to the peat surface either by upwelling groundwater or by advective/dispersion along lateral flow paths.4 Peatlands spread across the study area between 6000 and 3000 bp, coinciding with the emergence of new land from the sea. The release of organic acids from the nearly continuous peat cover acidified this calcareous landscape, leading to the convergence of the surface-water chemistry into four discrete groupings of pH vs. calcium.5 Isostatic uplift, however, continues to alter the topography, fluvial geometry and groundwater flow systems of the lowlands, maintaining diverse peatland types on land surfaces of similar age. The formation of water-table mounds under the interfluvial divides and rising moraine system spurred the development of raised bogs, whereas the formation of regional seepage faces for goundwater on the margins of the moraine and rivers of the till plain maintains large areas of fen.6 Although peatland succession seems to follow predictable pathways within a given hydrogeological setting, these pathways are locally altered by tectonic drivers that continually modify surface and groundwater flow systems. In this large peat basin the pace and pathway of peatland succession seems to be driven by tectonic rather than climatic forcing.Journal of Ecology(2004)92, 1054 –1070 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PEATLANDS
KW  - GROUNDWATER
KW  - PEATLAND forestry
KW  - WETLANDS
KW  - LANDFORMS
KW  - HUDSON Bay
KW  - acidification
KW  - bogs
KW  - fens
KW  - groundwater
KW  - isostatic rebound
KW  - peat landforms
KW  - vegetation patterning
KW  - water chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15315641; Glaser, Paul H. 1; Email Address: glase001@umn.edu Siegel, Donald I. 2 Reeve, Andrew S. 3 Janssens, Jan A. 4 Janecky, David R. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.  2: Department of Earth Sciences, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.  3: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Maine-Orono, Orono, Maine 04469, USA.  4: Department of Ecology and Behavioural Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 92 Issue 6, p1054; Subject Term: PEATLANDS; Subject Term: GROUNDWATER; Subject Term: PEATLAND forestry; Subject Term: WETLANDS; Subject Term: LANDFORMS; Subject Term: HUDSON Bay; Author-Supplied Keyword: acidification; Author-Supplied Keyword: bogs; Author-Supplied Keyword: fens; Author-Supplied Keyword: groundwater; Author-Supplied Keyword: isostatic rebound; Author-Supplied Keyword: peat landforms; Author-Supplied Keyword: vegetation patterning; Author-Supplied Keyword: water chemistry; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.0022-0477.2004.00930.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jahnke, T.
AU  - Weber, Th.
AU  - Osipov, T.
AU  - Landers, A.L.
AU  - Jagutzki, O.
AU  - Schmidt, L.Ph.H.
AU  - Cocke, C.L.
AU  - Prior, M.H.
AU  - Schmidt-Böcking, H.
AU  - Dörner, R.
T1  - Multicoincidence studies of photo and Auger electrons from fixed-in-space molecules using the COLTRIMS technique
JO  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
JF  - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 141
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 229
EP  - 238
SN  - 03682048
AB  - Abstract: This report will introduce the reader to the method of measuring electron and ion momentum distributions from fixed-in-space molecules using modified versions of the COLTRIMS technique. Following the introduction and a description of the working principles of this technique, a detailed discussion of the design of the electron and the ion detection part of the spectrometer will be presented. The actual measurement represents only a minor fraction of a COLTRIMS-like experiment. We therefore give an in-depth view at the basics of the offline-analysis for the field of detecting multiple particles from a Coulomb exploding molecule. Achievable resolutions, the possibilities of background suppression via multiparticle software coincidence methods, and the improvement of electron momentum resolution by center-of-mass-correction will be discussed, followed by an example of a setup for low energy electrons (¡10 eV). Apart from the introduction to the treatment of the acquired data, a recent development on the hardware of the spectrometer will be presented. We have for the first time used a retarding field in the spectrometer’s electron arm. This provides the possibility of measuring high energy Auger electrons of 300 eV. A typical implementation for an experiment on Auger electrons from fixed-in-space nitrogen will be shown. The article will close with examples of recent measurements of photoionization of fixed-in-space carbon monoxide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Electron Spectroscopy & Related Phenomena is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - Fixed-in-space molecules
KW  - Hardware
KW  - Photoionization
N1  - Accession Number: 19274729; Jahnke, T. 1 Weber, Th. 1 Osipov, T. 2 Landers, A.L. 3 Jagutzki, O. 1 Schmidt, L.Ph.H. 1 Cocke, C.L. 4 Prior, M.H. 2 Schmidt-Böcking, H. 1 Dörner, R. 1; Email Address: doerner@hsb.uni-frankfurt.de; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Kernphysik, University of Frankfurt, August-Euler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Physics Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA  4: Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 141 Issue 2/3, p229; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fixed-in-space molecules; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hardware; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photoionization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.06.010
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19274729&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geffen, Charlette
AU  - Judd, Kathleen
T1  - Innovation through initiatives—a framework for building new capabilities in public sector research organizations
JO  - Journal of Engineering & Technology Management
JF  - Journal of Engineering & Technology Management
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 306
SN  - 09234748
AB  - Abstract: The accelerating pace of change in science and technology has resulted in new attention to the process of identifying and developing ideas that ultimately lead to new scientific capabilities and business opportunities for an organization. The need to refresh research programs and capabilities is as important in federally funded research institutions as it is for industry. This paper explores the critical success factors for new initiatives at a federal laboratory, and building on lessons learned through this study and in private industry, identifies a more systematic process that could potentially improve the effectiveness of these initiatives in achieving results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Engineering & Technology Management is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESEARCH institutes
KW  - PUBLIC sector
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - SCIENCE
KW  - O31
N1  - Accession Number: 15552069; Geffen, Charlette 1; Email Address: ca.geffen@pnl.gov; Judd, Kathleen 2; Email Address: juddk@battelle.org; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,2</ce:cross-ref> P.O. Box 999, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352, USA; 2: Battelle Seattle Research Center, 1100 Dexter Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p281; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH institutes; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC sector; Thesaurus Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: O31; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jengtecman.2004.09.002
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simmers, Garnett E.
AU  - Hodgkins, Jeffrey R.
AU  - Mascarenas, David D.
AU  - Park, Gyuhae
AU  - Sohn, Hoon
T1  - Improved Piezoelectric Self-sensing Actuation.
JO  - Journal of Intelligent Material Systems & Structures
JF  - Journal of Intelligent Material Systems & Structures
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 941
EP  - 953
SN  - 1045389X
AB  - Self-sensing actuation allows a single piezoelectric (PZT) element to be simultaneously used as both a sensor and an actuator. A specially designed electric circuit, referred to as a bridge circuit, is required to realize the concept. However, precise equilibrium of the bridge circuit is extremely difficult to obtain because of the continuous changes in environmental conditions. In this study, the effects of an unbalanced bridge circuit are analytically and experimentally evaluated in an attempt to quantify the variations in the PZT capacitance in terms of performances in vibration testing and control. Once the dynamic characteristics of self-sensing actuation are identified and understood, methods for improving the system's performance are developed by utilizing capacitors in series and in parallel with the PZT patch. The analytical and experimental results clearly indicate that the new design scheme increases the stability of the system. However, the increase in stability comes at the cost of the increase in the power required for the control system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Intelligent Material Systems & Structures is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AUTOMATIC control
KW  - PIEZOELECTRICITY
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - ACTUATORS
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - piezoelectric materials
KW  - positive position feedback
KW  - self-sensing
N1  - Accession Number: 16014561; Simmers, Garnett E. 1; Hodgkins, Jeffrey R. 1; Mascarenas, David D. 1; Park, Gyuhae 1; Email Address: gpark@lan1.gov; Sohn, Hoon 1; Affiliations: 1: Engineering Sciences & Applications Division, Weapon Response Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 15 Issue 12, p941; Thesaurus Term: AUTOMATIC control; Subject Term: PIEZOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: ACTUATORS; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: piezoelectric materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: positive position feedback; Author-Supplied Keyword: self-sensing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/1045389X04046308
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Očko, M.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Šimek, ž.
T1  - Thermopower of the YbIn1-xAgxCu4 alloy system: what does the thermopower minimum reflect in YbIn1-xAgxCu4?
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 284
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 46
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Abstract: We have found that the temperature of the thermopower minimum Tm, in the YbIn1-xAgxCu4 alloy system shows the same concentration dependence as the Kondo temperature extracted from susceptibility data, TKS. However, the temperatures Tm are, on average, about four times smaller than these Kondo temperatures TKS. We discuss the origin of the thermopower minima and suggest possible interpretations of the extracted parameters Tm and TKS from experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - SILVER
KW  - COPPER
N1  - Accession Number: 15819660; Očko, M. 1; Email Address: ocko@ifs.hr Sarrao, J.L. 2 Šimek, ž. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Physics, Bijenička 46, P.O. Box 304, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K 764, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 284, p43; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: COPPER; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.05.038
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15819660&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Haitao
AU  - Ebner, Armin D.
AU  - Rosengart, Axel J.
AU  - Kaminski, Michael D.
AU  - Ritter, James A.
T1  - Analysis of magnetic drug carrier particle capture by a magnetizable intravascular stent: 1. Parametric study with single wire correlation
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 284
M3  - Article
SP  - 181
EP  - 194
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Abstract: The feasibility of using a magnetizable intravascular stent (MIS) as part of a magnetic drug targeting (MDT) system, which consists of magnetic drug carrier particles (MDCPs), an external magnetic field source, and the MIS, is introduced and theoretically analyzed. This new approach exploits the use of high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) principles through the MIS, which has been placed in a blood vessel adjacent to the target site, to vastly improve the targeting of the MDCPs at this site. The performance of the MDT system was based on the ability of one of the wires in the MIS to capture the MDCPs, with the capture cross-section evaluated from a single wire HGMS correlation in the literature. A parametric study showed that the dimensionless capture cross section (with respect to the wire radius) increases with lower blood velocities (0.02–0.9m/s), higher applied magnetic field strengths (0.2–2.0T), larger MDCPs (0.2–10μm radius) containing more (10–100%) and stronger ferromagnetic material (iron>magnetite), and smaller wires (20–150μm in radius) comprised of stronger ferromagnetic material (iron>430 SS>nickel>304 SS). Reasonable capture cross-sections, ranging between 2 and 3, but as high as 12, times the radius of the wire, were easily attained with just a single wire and under extreme flow conditions of 0.9m/s that are typical of large arteries. Overall, these results show considerable promise for an HGMS-assisted MDT system with many potential applications for MIS devices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - FERROMAGNETIC materials
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - FEASIBILITY studies
KW  - 75.50.Ww
N1  - Accession Number: 15819680; Chen, Haitao 1 Ebner, Armin D. 2 Rosengart, Axel J. 1 Kaminski, Michael D. 3 Ritter, James A. 2; Email Address: ritter@engr.sc.edu; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Neurology and Surgery (Neurosurgery), The University of Chicago and Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA  2: Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA  3: Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 284, p181; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETIC materials; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: FEASIBILITY studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.50.Ww; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.06.036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Napolitano, R. E.
AU  - Black, D. R.
T1  - Array ordering in dendritic crystals and the influence on crystal perfection.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 39
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 7009
EP  - 7017
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - The role of the evolving array structure in the generation of crystal defects within a dendritic grain is investigated. Crystallographic perfection and associated defect structures are characterized using X-ray topography and optical microscopy. Observed structures are compared with quantitative descriptors of array order using a minimum spanning tree (MST) graph analysis. It is observed that the dendritic array structure evolves substantially over a growth length of 25 millimeters while the mosaic nature of the crystal remains relatively constant. The MST edge-length mean and standard deviation parameters are determined to be rather insensitive to differences in the local order due to statistical sampling size effects. This sample size dependence of the MST is evaluated with respect to its utility in distinguishing between square and hexagonal order, with varying degrees of superposed random noise. It is found that the MST distinguishing power is dramatically reduced when the sampling size is decreased below approximately 200 points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL defects
KW  - DENDRITIC crystals
KW  - MICROSCOPY
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
N1  - Accession Number: 14990545; Napolitano, R. E. 1; Email Address: ralphn@iastate.edu Black, D. R. 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials & Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA  2: Ceramics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 39 Issue 23, p7009; Subject Term: CRYSTAL defects; Subject Term: DENDRITIC crystals; Subject Term: MICROSCOPY; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Di Gao
AU  - Carraro, Carlo
AU  - Radmilovic, Velimir
AU  - Howe, Roger T.
AU  - Maboudian, Roya
T1  - Fracture of Polycrystalline 3C-SiC Films in Microelectromechanical Systems.
JO  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
JF  - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 972
EP  - 976
SN  - 10577157
AB  - The fracture of polycrystailine SiC films is investigated using a micrometer-sized fracture tester fabricated by micromachining techniques. A series of SiC cantilever beams varying in length are carried by a moving shuttle tethered to the substrate, and are bent in plane until fracture. The fracture strain of SiC films is calculated from the deflection of bending beams using nonlinear beam theory and determined to be 3.3% ± 0.2%, which corresponds to a fracture stress of 23.4 ± 1.4 GPa. These values are significantly higher than those for polycrystalline silicon. In addition, the crack propagation in the polycrystalline SiC films is observed to be transgranular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - FRACTURE mechanics
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - Fracture
KW  - microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
KW  - silicon carbide
KW  - thin films.
N1  - Accession Number: 15567341; Di Gao 1 Carraro, Carlo 1 Radmilovic, Velimir 2 Howe, Roger T. 3 Maboudian, Roya 1; Email Address: maboudia@socrates.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley  2: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley  3: Departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and Mechanical Engineering, University of California; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 13 Issue 6, p972; Subject Term: MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: FRACTURE mechanics; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: THIN films; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fracture; Author-Supplied Keyword: microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); Author-Supplied Keyword: silicon carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: thin films.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.838372
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Marland, Elizabeth
AU  - Prachumwat, Anuphap
AU  - Maltsev, Natalia
AU  - Gu, Zhenglong
AU  - Li, Wen-Hsiung
T1  - Higher Gene Duplicabilities for Metabolic Proteins Than for Nonmetabolic Proteins in Yeast andE. coli.
JO  - Journal of Molecular Evolution
JF  - Journal of Molecular Evolution
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 59
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 806
EP  - 814
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222844
AB  - Although the evolutionary significance of gene duplication has long been appreciated, it remains unclear what factors determine gene duplicability. In this study we investigated whether metabolism is an important determinant of gene duplicability because cellular metabolism is crucial for the survival and reproduction of an organism. Using genomic data and metabolic pathway data from the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) andEscherichia coli, we found that metabolic proteins indeed tend to have higher gene duplicability than nonmetabolic proteins. Moreover, a detailed analysis of metabolic pathways in these two organisms revealed that genes in the central metabolic pathways and the catabolic pathways have, on average, higher gene duplicability than do other genes and that most genes in anabolic pathways are single-copy genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Evolution is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - GENES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - YEAST
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - Functional requirement
KW  - Gene duplicability
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Yeast genome
N1  - Accession Number: 15349843; Marland, Elizabeth 1 Prachumwat, Anuphap 2 Maltsev, Natalia 1 Gu, Zhenglong 3 Li, Wen-Hsiung 3; Email Address: whli@uchicago.edu; Affiliation:  1: Mathematics & Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.  2: Committee on Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.  3: Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, 1101 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 59 Issue 6, p806; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: YEAST; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Functional requirement; Author-Supplied Keyword: Gene duplicability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yeast genome; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 413190 Other specialty-line food merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 311990 All other food manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s00239-004-0068-x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Max, Nelson
T1  - Hierarchical molecular modelling with ellipsoids
JO  - Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling
JF  - Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 233
EP  - 238
SN  - 10933263
AB  - Protein and DNA structures are represented at varying levels of details using ellipsoidal RGBA textured splats. The splat texture at each level is generated by rendering its children in a hierarchical model, from a distribution of viewing directions, and averaging the result. For rendering, the ellipsoids to be used are chosen adaptively, depending on the distance to the viewpoint. This technique is applied to visualize DNA coiling around nucleosomes in chromosomes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - ELLIPSOIDS
KW  - DNA
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - Ellipsoid
KW  - Hierarchical model
KW  - Level of detail
KW  - Splat
N1  - Accession Number: 14961177; Max, Nelson 1; Email Address: max2@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 23 Issue 3, p233; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: ELLIPSOIDS; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ellipsoid; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hierarchical model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Level of detail; Author-Supplied Keyword: Splat; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmgm.2004.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Craig, Norman C.
AU  - Hanson, Keith A.
AU  - Pierce, Richard W.
AU  - Saylor, Scott D.
AU  - Sams, Robert L.
T1  - Rotational analysis of bands in the high-resolution infrared spectra of the three species of butadiene-1,4-d2; refinement of the assignments of the vibrational fundamentals
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 228
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 401
EP  - 413
SN  - 00222852
AB  - Abstract: Samples of trans,trans and cis,cis forms of butadiene-1,4-d2 have been synthesized and found to contain useful amounts of the cis,trans species as a contaminant. Assignments of fundamental frequencies for the three isotopomers of butadiene-1,4-d2 have been extended and improved from investigations of their Raman spectra as well as their infrared (IR) spectra. High-resolution IR spectra have been recorded for the three isotopomers, and a rotational analysis has been completed for strong bands of each species. Ground state and some upper state rotational constants have been fit. Corresponding ground state moments of inertia compare favorably with equilibrium moments of inertia obtained from B3LYP/6-311++G** theory. Two 13C isotopomers are being prepared, and an improved structural analysis of butadiene will soon be available to assess how π-electron delocalization affects its structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC acid
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INFRARED spectra
KW  - BUTADIENE
KW  - 4-d2
KW  - Butadiene-1
KW  - Butadiene-1,4-d2
KW  - High-resolution infrared
KW  - Raman
KW  - Rotational constants
KW  - Vibrational fundamentals
N1  - Accession Number: 19235364; Craig, Norman C. 1; Email Address: Norm.Craig@oberlin.edu Hanson, Keith A. 1 Pierce, Richard W. 1 Saylor, Scott D. 1 Sams, Robert L. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 228 Issue 2, p401; Subject Term: DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC acid; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Subject Term: BUTADIENE; Author-Supplied Keyword: 4-d2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Butadiene-1; Author-Supplied Keyword: Butadiene-1,4-d2; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-resolution infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: Raman; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rotational constants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vibrational fundamentals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jms.2004.07.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lees, R.M.
AU  - Xu, Li-Hong
AU  - Johns, J.W.C.
AU  - Lu, Z.-F.
AU  - Winnewisser, B.P.
AU  - Lock, M.
AU  - Sams, R.L.
T1  - Fourier transform spectroscopy of CH3OH: rotation–torsion–vibration structure for the CH3-rocking and OH-bending modes
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 228
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 528
EP  - 543
SN  - 00222852
AB  - High-resolution Fourier transform spectra of CH3OH have been investigated in the infrared region from 930 to 1450 cm-1 in order to map the torsion–rotation energy manifolds associated with the <f>ν7</f> in-plane CH3 rock, the <f>ν11</f> out-of-plane CH3 rock, and the <f>ν6</f> OH bend. Upper-state term values have been determined from the assigned spectral subbands, and have been fitted to power-series expansions to obtain substate origins and effective <f>B</f>-values for the three modes. The substate origins have been grouped into related families according to systematic trends observed in the torsion–vibration energy map, but there are substantial differences from the traditional torsional patterns. There appears to be significant torsion-mediated spectral mixing, and a variety of “forbidden” torsional combination subbands with <f>|Δυt|>1</f> have been observed, where <f>υt</f> denotes the torsional quantum number (equivalent to <f>υ12</f>). For example, coupling of the <f>(υ6,υt)=(1,0)</f> OH bend to nearby torsionally excited <f>(υ7,υt)=(1,1)</f> CH3-rock and <f>(υ8,υt)=(1,1)</f> CO-stretch states introduces <f>(υ6,υt)=(1,0)←(0,1)</f> subbands into the spectrum and makes the <f>ν7+ν12-ν12</f> torsional hot band stronger than the <f>ν7</f> fundamental. The results suggest a picture of strong coupling among the OH-bending, CH3-rocking, and CO-stretching modes that significantly modifies the traditional energy structure and raises interesting and provocative questions about the torsion–vibration identity of a number of the observed states. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - CH3OH
KW  - Infrared spectra
KW  - Internal rotation
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Methyl rock
KW  - OH bend
KW  - Torsion–vibration term values
KW  - Torsion-mediated vibrational coupling
N1  - Accession Number: 19235372; Lees, R.M. 1; Email Address: lees@unb.ca Xu, Li-Hong 1 Johns, J.W.C. 2 Lu, Z.-F. 2 Winnewisser, B.P. 3,4 Lock, M. 4 Sams, R.L. 5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physical Sciences,University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada E2L 4L5  2: Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1A 0R6  3: Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, 174 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA  4: Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany  5: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 228 Issue 2, p528; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Author-Supplied Keyword: CH3OH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared spectra; Author-Supplied Keyword: Internal rotation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methyl rock; Author-Supplied Keyword: OH bend; Author-Supplied Keyword: Torsion–vibration term values; Author-Supplied Keyword: Torsion-mediated vibrational coupling; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jms.2004.06.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benner, D. Chris
AU  - Blake, T.A.
AU  - Brown, L.R.
AU  - Malathy Devi, V.
AU  - Smith, M.A.H.
AU  - Toth, R.A.
T1  - Air-broadening parameters in the ν3 band of 14N16O2 using a multispectrum fitting technique
JO  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 228
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 619
SN  - 00222852
AB  - Abstract: Air-broadened linewidths, pressure-induced shift coefficients and their temperature dependences were retrieved for over 1000 transitions in the ν3 band of 14N16O2 at 6μm. In addition, precise line center positions and relative intensities were also determined. The results were obtained by fitting simultaneously 27 spectra recorded at high resolution (0.002–0.006cm−1) with two Fourier transform spectrometers and gas sample temperatures ranging from 206 to 298K. It was necessary to modify the multispectrum fitting software to accommodate constraints on the retrieved parameters of closely spaced spin–split doublets in order to successfully determine their broadening and shift parameters. The variations of the widths, shifts and their temperature dependences with the quantum numbers were investigated. Subsets of the observed linewidths were reproduced to within 3% using an empirical smoothing function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - ν3
KW  - Air broadening
KW  - Infrared
KW  - NO2
KW  - Pressure shifts
KW  - Temperature dependence
N1  - Accession Number: 19235377; Benner, D. Chris 1 Blake, T.A. 2 Brown, L.R. 3; Email Address: linda.brown@jpl.nasa.gov Malathy Devi, V. 1 Smith, M.A.H. 4 Toth, R.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: The College of William and Mary, Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA  3: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA  4: Atmospheric Sciences, NASA Langley Research Center, MS 401A, Hampton, VA 23681-2199, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 228 Issue 2, p593; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: ν3; Author-Supplied Keyword: Air broadening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared; Author-Supplied Keyword: NO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure shifts; Author-Supplied Keyword: Temperature dependence; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 27p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jms.2004.07.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ehrmann, P.R.
AU  - Carlson, K.
AU  - Campbell, J.H.
AU  - Click, C.A.
AU  - Brow, R.K.
T1  - Neodymium fluorescence quenching by hydroxyl groups in phosphate laser glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 349
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 114
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: Non-radiative losses due to OH fluorescence quenching of the Nd3+4F3/2 state are quantified over a range of OH concentrations from 4×1018 to 4×1020cm−3 and Nd doping levels from 0.4 to 9×1020cm−3 in two K2O–MgO–Al2O3–P2O5 metaphosphate glasses having different K/Mg ratios (∼1/1 and 2/1). The quenching rate varies linearly with the Nd and OH concentrations as predicted by Forster–Dexter theory. However, in contrast to theory, the OH quenching rate extrapolates to a non-zero value at low Nd3+ doping levels. It is proposed that at low Nd3+ concentrations the OH is correlated with Nd sites in the glass. The quenching strength of OH on a per ion basis is weak compared to common transition metal impurities (V, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Cr). Nevertheless, OH dominates the Nd quenching in phosphate glass because under most processing conditions OH is present at concentrations 102–103 greater than transition metal ion impurities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - HYDROXYL group
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 15807685; Ehrmann, P.R. 1 Carlson, K. 1 Campbell, J.H. 1; Email Address: campbell12@llnl.gov Click, C.A. 2 Brow, R.K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, 7000 East Avenue, L-491, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: University of Missouri at Rolla, 222 McNutt Hall, Rolla, MO 65409, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 349 Issue 1-3, p105; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: HYDROXYL group; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.216
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Li, Liyu
AU  - Strachan, Denis M.
AU  - Qian, Maoxu
T1  - Optical spectroscopy study of neodymium in sodium alumino-borosilicate glasses
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 349
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 127
EP  - 132
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: Over the composition range from peraluminous to peralkaline (RPA=Na2O/(Na2O+Al2O3) from 0 to 1), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy was used to study the local environment of Nd–O in glasses (molar composition): 60SiO2·15B2O3·xNa2O·(25−x)Al2O3·yNd2O3 (0⩽x⩽25 and y=solubility limit). Our study focused on Judd–Ofelt oscillator strength parameters: Ω2 – ligand field asymmetry and Ω6 – bond covalence. We explain the similarity between Ω2/Ω6 and the Nd2O3 solubility curve in terms of Nd partitioning into borate- and silicate-rich environments. However, Ω2/Ω6 is nearly independent of RPA for the glasses containing Nd2O3 at the solubility limit irrespective of glass composition, suggesting that average local Nd–O environment is nearly the same for all glasses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - QUALITATIVE chemical analysis
KW  - NEODYMIUM
KW  - SOLUBILITY
N1  - Accession Number: 15807688; Li, Hong; Email Address: hli@ppg.com Li, Liyu 1 Strachan, Denis M. 1 Qian, Maoxu 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 349 Issue 1-3, p127; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis; Subject Term: NEODYMIUM; Subject Term: SOLUBILITY; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.219
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, Steve W.
AU  - Walleser, Jason
AU  - Karthikeyan, Annamalai
AU  - Sordelet, Dan
T1  - Enthalpy relaxation studies of the glass transition in a metallic glass
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 349
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 347
EP  - 354
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: The first ever enthalpy relaxation study has been conducted of the glass transition of the bulk metallic glass forming composition Zr65Al10Ni10Cu15 using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Both heating and cooling and isothermal annealing studies have been conducted. The glass transition temperature measured at 20°C/min heating following a 20°C/min cooling of 384°C±2°C agrees well with values previously published for this glass. Using the dependence of Tg on heating and cooling rate, the onset Tg activation energy was determined to be 120kcal/mole±10kcal/mole with the peak Tg activation energy, determined by the temperature of the peak in the Tg overshoot, was observed to be 98kcal/mole±10kcal/mole. Such increases in the activation energy, while not common for such transition range measurements, is consistent with this glass exhibiting non-Arrhenius enthalpy and possibly viscous relaxation rates. The heating and cooling and annealing DSC data were converted to derivative fictive temperature data and then fit to the Tool–Narayanaswamy–Moynihan–Hodge model utilizing a stretched exponential function to describe the non-exponentiality and the Tool–Narayanaswamy equation to describe the non-linearity of the relaxation. Best fit parameters for x and β were found to be 0.53±0.05 and 0.79±0.05, respectively. The individual fits to the data are not excellent, but the overall fit to all of the data is surprisingly good given the range of the thermal treatments given to this glass. The model fits worse, however, for the isothermal annealing data. The glass appears to anneal faster than the model predicts for relatively short anneals relatively close to the Tg, but appears to anneal much slower than the model predicts for relatively long anneals relatively far from Tg. These behaviors are consistent with this metallic glass exhibiting a non-Arrhenius activation energy that increases sharply with decreasing temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENTHALPY
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - RELAXATION (Health)
KW  - GLASS transition temperature
KW  - G205
N1  - Accession Number: 15807723; Martin, Steve W. 1; Email Address: swmartin@iastate.edu Walleser, Jason 1 Karthikeyan, Annamalai 1 Sordelet, Dan 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University Ames, 3053 Gilman Hall, IA 50011-3110, USA  2: Materials and Engineering Physics Program, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011-3310, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 349 Issue 1-3, p347; Subject Term: ENTHALPY; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: RELAXATION (Health); Subject Term: GLASS transition temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: G205; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.203
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Suratwala, T.
AU  - Hanna, M.L.
AU  - Whitman, P.
T1  - Effect of humidity during the coating of Stöber silica sols
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 349
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 368
EP  - 376
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: Various silica sols (varying in surface chemistry and solvent) were synthesized by the Stöber process and then subsequently coated on substrates at various humidities. For ethanol-based sols, films prepared by spin or dip coating at low humidities had a higher refractive index, lower thickness, and greater microcracking than those prepared at high humidities. The change in film properties followed an abrupt, instead of a gradual, change with humidity. This change in film microstructure can be explained by the ability/inability of capillary condensed liquid in the micropores of the colloid to evaporate prior to achieving full film strength and hence allowing the micropores to collapse. The magnitude of the shrinkage and the relative humidity at which the pores collapsed were found to depend on the colloid surface chemistry and the coating method. In contrast to the ethanol-based sols, humidity during spin coating had a negligible effect on film properties for sec-butanol and decane-based sols. This is likely due to the lower vapor pressure and/or lower water solubility of these solvents such that the pores in the latter stages of drying the films did not contain much water. Understanding this behavior has been important for improving the performance and process repeatability of using these films as anti-reflective coatings in high-peak-power laser systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HUMIDITY
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - METEOROLOGY
KW  - SURFACE energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15807726; Suratwala, T.; Email Address: suratwala1@llnl.gov Hanna, M.L. 1 Whitman, P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 349 Issue 1-3, p368; Subject Term: HUMIDITY; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: METEOROLOGY; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.214
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farrell, K.
AU  - Byun, T.S.
AU  - Hashimoto, N.
T1  - Deformation mode maps for tensile deformation of neutron-irradiated structural alloys
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 335
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 486
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Abstract: The deformation microstructures of neutron-irradiated nuclear structural alloys, A533B steel, 316 stainless steel, and Zircaloy-4, have been investigated by tensile testing and transmission electron microscopy to map the extent of strain localization processes in plastic deformation. Miniature specimens with a thickness of 0.25mm were irradiated to five levels of neutron dose in the range 0.0001–0.9 displacements per atom (dpa) at 65–100°C and deformed at room temperature at a nominal strain rate of 10−3s−1. Four modes of deformation were identified, namely three-dimensional dislocation cell formation, planar dislocation activity, fine scale twinning, and dislocation channel deformation (DCD) in which the radiation damage structure has been swept away. The modes varied with material, dose, and strain level. These observations are used to construct the first strain-neutron fluence-deformation mode maps for the test materials. Overall, irradiation encourages planar deformation which is seen as a precursor to DCD and which contributes to changes in the tensile curve, particularly reduced work hardening and diminished uniform ductility. The fluence dependence of the increase in yield stress, ΔYS=α(ϕt)n had an exponent of 0.4–0.5 for fluences up to about 3×1022nm−2 (∼0.05dpa) and 0.08–0.15 for higher fluences, consistent with estimated saturation in radiation damage microstructure but also concurrent with the acceleration of gross strain localization associated with DCD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - STEREOLOGY
KW  - S0500
N1  - Accession Number: 15426632; Farrell, K. 1 Byun, T.S.; Email Address: byunts@ornl.gov Hashimoto, N. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 335 Issue 3, p471; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: STEREOLOGY; Author-Supplied Keyword: S0500; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lillard, R.S.
AU  - Paciotti, M.
AU  - Tcharnotskaia, V.
T1  - The influence of proton irradiation on the corrosion of HT-9 during immersion in lead bismuth eutectic
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 335
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 487
EP  - 492
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Abstract: The impedance properties of the oxide on the martensitic–ferritic steel HT-9 were characterized during proton irradiation at the LANSCE WNR facility. Prior to the irradiation experiment, samples were pre-oxidized in moist air resulting in an oxide scale that was on the order of 3μm thick. Samples were then irradiated during immersion in 473K lead–bismuth eutectic at a proton current of approximately 63nA. To assess corrosion rate in real-time, a sinusoidal voltage perturbation was applied across the oxide surface as a function of frequency and the corresponding current response was measured. This method yielded values of oxide impedance which were used in conjunction with Wagner’s oxidation theory to calculate corrosion rate. In general, proton irradiation was associated with an increase in corrosion rate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - NATIVE element minerals
KW  - BISMUTH
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - L0300
N1  - Accession Number: 15426633; Lillard, R.S.; Email Address: lillard@lanl.gov Paciotti, M. 1 Tcharnotskaia, V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Corrosion and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-6, P.O. Box 1663, MS G755, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 335 Issue 3, p487; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: NATIVE element minerals; Subject Term: BISMUTH; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: L0300; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.08.009
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taguchi, T.
AU  - Igawa, N.
AU  - Miwa, S.
AU  - Wakai, E.
AU  - Jitsukawa, S.
AU  - Snead, L.L.
AU  - Hasegawa, A.
T1  - Synergistic effects of implanted helium and hydrogen and the effect of irradiation temperature on the microstructure of SiC/SiC composites
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
JF  - Journal of Nuclear Materials
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 335
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 508
EP  - 514
SN  - 00223115
AB  - Abstract: The microstructure of near-stoichiometric fiber SiC/SiC composites implanted with He and H ions was studied at implantation temperatures of 1000 and 1300°C. The average size of He bubbles in the CVI SiC matrix decreases with increasing concentration of implanted H ions. Moreover, the number density of He bubbles increases with increasing irradiation temperature and amount of implanted H. At the irradiation temperature of 1000°C, He bubbles were mainly formed at grain boundary within the matrix. On the other hand, He bubbles were formed both at grain boundaries and within grains at the irradiation temperature of 1300°C. The average size of He bubbles at grain boundaries was much larger than within the grain. The average size of He bubbles in the fiber was smaller than that in the matrix in all cases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - MATRICES
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - C0200
KW  - C0900
KW  - H0200
KW  - H0400
KW  - I0400
KW  - R0200
N1  - Accession Number: 15426636; Taguchi, T. 1; Email Address: taguchi@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp Igawa, N. 1 Miwa, S. 2 Wakai, E. 3 Jitsukawa, S. 3 Snead, L.L. 4 Hasegawa, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Neutron Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  2: Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan  3: Department of Materials Science, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan  4: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 335 Issue 3, p508; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: MATRICES; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Author-Supplied Keyword: C0200; Author-Supplied Keyword: C0900; Author-Supplied Keyword: H0200; Author-Supplied Keyword: H0400; Author-Supplied Keyword: I0400; Author-Supplied Keyword: R0200; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.08.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gonzalez
AU  - C.
AU  - Simon-Manso
AU  - Y.
AU  - Batteas
AU  - J.
AU  - Marquez
AU  - M.
AU  - Ratner
AU  - Mujica
AU  - V.
T1  - A Quasimolecular Approach to the Conductance of Molecule-Metal Junctions:  Theory and Application to Voltage-Induced Conductance Switching.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 108
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 18414
EP  - 18420
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We present a simple methodology to study trends in conductance of molecule-metal junctions based on Density Functional Theory calculations of modified quasimolecular Green functions in a capacitor-like electric field. The approach is based on a series of assumptions about the voltage spatial profile and the molecule-surface chemisorptive coupling in metal-molecule interfaces that seem to be validated for a number of junctions. The method assumes that the voltage drops entirely at the interfaces and that the junction conductance can be approximately factorized as a product of contact and molecular contributions. The value of such severely approximate methodology rests on the fact that it is very simple to use, computationally efficient, and its results can be analyzed in terms of familiar chemical concepts such as molecular orbitals and dipole moments. We have applied this procedure to the study of a series of π-conjugated oligomers of current interest for device fabrication. Our results correlate well with some recent experimental results, both reported in the literature and presented in this work, that show that for some molecular bridges there is a threshold voltage where there occurs a switching-like effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - MAGNETIC dipoles
N1  - Accession Number: 15995161; Gonzalez C. 1 Simon-Manso Y. 1 Batteas J. 1 Marquez M. 1 Ratner Mujica V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Computational Chemistry Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201-3113, Surface and Microanalysis Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 48, p18414; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: MAGNETIC dipoles; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drake
AU  - I. J.
AU  - Fujdala
AU  - K. L.
AU  - Baxamusa
AU  - S.
AU  - Bell
AU  - A. T.
AU  - Tilley
AU  - T. D.
T1  - Effects of Precursor Composition on the Local Structure of Cu Dispersed on Mesoporous Silica:  A Detailed X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 108
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 18421
EP  - 18434
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A low-temperature grafting approach using two CuI molecular precursors ([CuOSi(OtBu)3]4 and [CuOtBu]4) and a high-temperature exchange reaction using CuCl were utilized with a mesoporous silica support (SBA-15) to investigate the effects of catalyst preparation on the nature of copper-support interactions and site speciation. Detailed X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure studies (EXAFS) studies were performed to characterize the nature of the Cu sites and the Cu-support interactions. The freshly prepared materials from the nonaqueous grafting of [CuOSi(OtBu)3]4 (CuOSi/SBA (x.x), where x.x refers to the Cu weight %) exhibit CuI site isolation (by EXAFS and XANES). In contrast, EXAFS and XANES studies of the freshly prepared materials from the nonaqueous grafting of [CuOtBu]4 (CuOtBu/SBA (x.x)) suggest that the Cu-O-Cu linkages of the molecular precursor remain intact upon interacting with the support. Isolated CuI sites are observed as the major species in the freshly prepared material from the high-temperature exchange reaction using CuCl (CuCl/SBA (3.0)) (by XANES and EXAFS). Treatment of the materials under He at 573 K leads to loss of the organic species from the grafted materials (by 1H NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, EA, and IR spectroscopy). EXAFS and XANES studies revealed that CuCl/SBA (3.0) and the CuOSi/SBA (x.x) materials still exhibit up to 95% isolated CuI sites, whereas the CuOtBu/SBA (x.x) materials only exhibit Cu as Cu0 nanoparticles of ca. 7 Å in diameter. After calcination under O2 at 573 K, residual chloride from the high-temperature preparation of CuCl/SBA (3.0) leads to formation of crystalline CuO particles, whereas the CuOSi/SBA (x.x) and CuOtBu/SBA (x.x) materials exhibit more amorphous CuO character after an identical oxidative treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICA
KW  - EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure
KW  - COPPER
KW  - CATALYSTS
N1  - Accession Number: 15995162; Drake I. J. 1 Fujdala K. L. 1 Baxamusa S. 1 Bell A. T. 1 Tilley T. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1461, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 48, p18421; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: EXTENDED X-ray absorption fine structure; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: CATALYSTS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barnard
AU  - A. S.
AU  - Zapol
AU  - P.
T1  - Predicting the Energetics, Phase Stability, and Morphology Evolution of Faceted and Spherical Anatase Nanocrystals.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 108
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 18435
EP  - 18440
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Inconsistencies in experimental thermochemical analysis of the anatase to rutile phase transition have led to various studies in order to elucidate the physical and chemical parameters affecting the stability of TiO2 at the nanoscale. Using a thermodynamic model, we present predictions of the transition enthalpy of nanocrystalline anatase and rutile as a function of shape, size, and degree of surface passivation, showing that thermochemical results can differ for various faceted or spherical nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - RUTILE
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 15995163; Barnard A. S. 1 Zapol P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Nanoscale Materials and Materials Science and Chemistry Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 48, p18435; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: RUTILE; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weigle
AU  - J. C.
AU  - Luhrs
AU  - C. C.
AU  - Chen
AU  - C. K.
AU  - Perry
AU  - W. L.
AU  - Mang
AU  - J. T.
AU  - Nemer
AU  - M. B.
AU  - Lopez
AU  - G. P.
AU  - Phillips
AU  - J.
T1  - Generation of Aluminum Nanoparticles Using an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Torch.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 108
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 18601
EP  - 18607
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Nanoparticles of aluminum metal were generated by passing an aerosol of micrometer-scale (mean 50 μm) particles in argon through an atmospheric pressure plasma torch operated at less than 1000 W. A designed experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of plasma gas flow rate, aerosol gas flow rate, and applied power on the shape, size, and size distribution of the final particles. The size and shape of the metal particles were dramatically impacted by the operating parameters employed. At relatively low powers or at high powers and short residence times, virtually all the particles are spherical. Under other conditions, the particles had spherical heads, and virtually all had tails, some quite long. The particle size distributions also were influenced by the operating conditions. Under most conditions the size distributions were log-normal, consistent with growth by agglomeration. However, under some conditions, the population of particles above or below the mode was far too great to be consistent with a log-normal distribution. For example, the particle distributions tend to show an unusual concentration of very small particles at relatively short residence times and low aluminum feed rates. The distributions tend to show an unusual concentration of large particles at relatively long residence times and high aluminum feed rates. On the basis of the data collected, some simple models of the mechanism of nanoparticle formation were postulated which should be of value in future studies of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC pressure
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
N1  - Accession Number: 15995186; Weigle J. C. 1 Luhrs C. C. 1 Chen C. K. 1 Perry W. L. 1 Mang J. T. 1 Nemer M. B. 1 Lopez G. P. 1 Phillips J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, Department of Chemistry, University of Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino Garcia, Barragan 1421, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico 44480, and Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 48, p18601; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC pressure; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wehner
AU  - S.
AU  - Paffett
AU  - M. T.
AU  - Zaera
AU  - F.
T1  - Molecular Beam Studies of the Kinetics of the Thermal Conversion of N2O on Rh(111) Single-Crystal Surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 108
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 18683
EP  - 18692
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The thermal conversion of N2O on Rh(111) single-crystal surfaces has been studied using a collimated effusive molecular beam technique coupled with mass spectroscopy detection. The decomposition of pure N2O was determined to occur at temperatures as low as 120 K, to follow first-order kinetics, and to lead to the stoichiometric production of N2(g) and atomic adsorbed oxygen. Lower rates and total yields are observed with increasing reaction temperatures, presumably because of the increased importance of N2O desorption and surface mobility in the overall kinetics. N2O conversion is poisoned by the adsorbed oxygen byproduct unless a reducing agent such as CO is used for their removal from the surface, in which case N2O reduction can be carried out catalytically. Steady-state reaction rates were determined for different temperatures and N2O:CO beam mixtures, and were deemed controlled by the rate of oxygen removal, not by the decomposition of the N2O. The role of adsorbed N2O as an intermediate during NO reduction is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RHODIUM
KW  - MASS spectrometry
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - MOLECULAR beams
N1  - Accession Number: 15995197; Wehner S. 1 Paffett M. T. 1 Zaera F. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521 and Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 48, p18683; Subject Term: RHODIUM; Subject Term: MASS spectrometry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: MOLECULAR beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Montano, Pedro A.
AU  - Li, Yinwan
AU  - Mitchell, J.F.
AU  - Barbiellini, B.
AU  - Mijnarends, P.E.
AU  - Kaprzyk, S.
AU  - Bansil, A.
T1  - Inelastic magnetic X-ray scattering from highly correlated electron systems: La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and Fe3O4
JO  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
JF  - Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 65
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1999
EP  - 2004
SN  - 00223697
AB  - Abstract: Magnetic Compton profiles have been measured for the colossal magnetoresistance manganites La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7 and La0.7Sr0.3MnO3, and for magnetite Fe3O4, along various crystallographic directions, over a wide range of temperatures and magnetic fields. The experimental results are interpreted via first-principles computations for the double layer manganite, La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7, and by using a simple model involving atomic d-orbitals and free electrons for the other two compounds. For all three materials a preference for the occupation of eg orbitals is found, particularly, for orbitals of symmetry. An itinerant electron contribution is adduced at all temperatures in magnetite; such a contribution also appears in La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7, but it is present only at low temperatures in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 19274010; Montano, Pedro A. 1; Email Address: pedro.montano@science.doe.gov Li, Yinwan 2,3 Mitchell, J.F. 2 Barbiellini, B. 4 Mijnarends, P.E. 4,5 Kaprzyk, S. 4,6 Bansil, A. 4; Affiliation:  1: Scientific User Facility Division, Basic Energy Science, US DOE, 1000 Independence Ave., Washington, DC 20585, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680, USA  3: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Physics Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA  5: Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands  6: Academy of Mining and Metallurgy AGH, 30059 Krakow, Poland; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 65 Issue 12, p1999; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jpcs.2004.08.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G. L.
T1  - Two predominance-region diagrams for plutonium.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 262
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 629
EP  - 632
SN  - 02365731
AB  - Two predominance-region diagrams for plutonium are illustrated. One diagram plots the pH vs. the equilibrium fraction of hexavalent plutonium. The other diagram plots the equilibrium fraction of tetravalent plutonium vs. the plutonium oxidation number. Both diagrams define the boundaries of the regions where tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexavalent plutonium are the predominant species. In each diagram, the two principal triple points are located at the intersections of three predominance-region boundary lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - TRANSPLUTONIUM elements
KW  - TRANSURANIUM elements
KW  - GRAPHIC methods
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - OXIDATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15291543; Silver, G. L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663, MS E517, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA E-mail:; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 262 Issue 3, p629; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: TRANSPLUTONIUM elements; Subject Term: TRANSURANIUM elements; Subject Term: GRAPHIC methods; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: OXIDATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Silver, G. L.
T1  - Acid dependence of the Pu(V) disproportionation reaction.
JO  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 262
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 779
EP  - 781
SN  - 02365731
AB  - The disproportionation of pentavalent plutonium is traditionally represented by two inconsistent equations. The inconsistency puts the widely-accepted, fourth-power hydrogen-ion dependence of the reaction into question. The balanced reaction equation suggests that both the stoichiometry and the acid-dependence of Pu(V) disproportionation depend on the pH of the plutonium solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLUTONIUM
KW  - TRANSPLUTONIUM elements
KW  - EQUATIONS
KW  - TRANSURANIUM elements
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 15291518; Silver, G. L. 1; Email Address: gsilver@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663, MS E517, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 262 Issue 3, p779; Subject Term: PLUTONIUM; Subject Term: TRANSPLUTONIUM elements; Subject Term: EQUATIONS; Subject Term: TRANSURANIUM elements; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sykora, Richard E.
AU  - Assefa, Zerihun
AU  - Haire, Richard G.
AU  - Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E.
T1  - Hydrothermal synthesis, structure, Raman spectroscopy, and self-irradiation studies of 248Cm(IO3)3
JO  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Solid State Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 177
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4413
EP  - 4419
SN  - 00224596
AB  - Abstract: The study of curium iodate, Cm(IO3)3, was undertaken as part of a systematic investigation of the 4f- and 5f-elements’ iodates. The reaction of 248CmCl3 with aqueous H5IO6 under mild hydrothermal conditions results in the reduction of IO65- to IO3- anions, and the subsequent formation of Cm(IO3)3 single crystals. Crystallographic data are: (193K, MoKα, ): monoclinic, space group P21/c, , , , , , , , for 119 parameters with 1917 reflections with I>2σ(I). The structure consists of Cm3+ cations bound by iodate anions to form [Cm(IO3)8] units, where the local coordination environment around the curium centers can be described as a distorted dodecahedron. There are three crystallographically unique iodate anions within the structure; two iodates bridge between three Cm centers, and one iodate bridges between two Cm centers and has a terminal oxygen atom. The bridging of the curium centers by the iodate anions creates a three-dimensional structure. Three strong Raman bands with comparable intensities were observed at 846, 804, and 760cm-1 and correspond to the I–O symmetric stretching of the three crystallographically distinct iodate ions. The Raman profile suggests a lack of inter-ionic vibrational coupling of the I–O stretching, while intra-ionic coupling provides symmetric and asymmetric components that correspond to each iodate site. Repeated collection of X-ray diffraction data for a crystal of Cm(IO3)3 over a period of time revealed a gradual expansion of the unit cell from self-irradiation. After 71 days, the new parameters were: , , , , . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Solid State Chemistry is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - IONS
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - Actinide iodate
KW  - Curium crystal structure
KW  - Hydrothermal synthesis
KW  - Radiation damage
KW  - Single crystal Raman spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 19218994; Sykora, Richard E. 1 Assefa, Zerihun 1 Haire, Richard G. 1; Email Address: hairerg@ornl.gov Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. 2; Email Address: albreth@auburn.edu; Affiliation:  1: Transuranium Research Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, MS 6375, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  2: Department of Chemistry and Leach Nuclear Science Center, Auburn University, 179 Chemistry Building, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 177 Issue 12, p4413; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Author-Supplied Keyword: Actinide iodate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Curium crystal structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrothermal synthesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Radiation damage; Author-Supplied Keyword: Single crystal Raman spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.09.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zemskova, Svetlana M.
AU  - Jones, Camille Y.
AU  - Cooley, Kevin M.
AU  - Haynes, J. Allen
T1  - Optimization of Chemical Vapor Deposition Parameters for Fabrication of Oxidation-Resistant Mullite Coatings on Silicon Nitride.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 87
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2201
EP  - 2207
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Fabrication of mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) coatings by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using AlCl3--SiCl4--H2--CO2 gas mixtures was studied. The resultant CVD mullite coating microstructures were sensitive to gas-phase composition and deposition temperature. Chemical thermodynamic calculations performed on the AlCl3--SiCl4--H2--CO2 system were used to predict an equilibrium CVD phase diagram. Results from the thermodynamic analysis, process optimization, and effects of various process parameters on coating morphology are discussed. Dense, adherent crystalline CVD mullite coatings ∼2 μm thick were successfully grown on Si3N4 substrates at 1000°C and 10.7 kPa total pressure. The resultant coatings were 001 textured and contained well-faceted grains ∼0.3-0.5 μm in size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULLITE
KW  - SILICATE minerals
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - PROTECTIVE coatings
KW  - SILICON nitride
N1  - Accession Number: 15688810; Zemskova, Svetlana M. 1 Jones, Camille Y. 2 Cooley, Kevin M. 3 Haynes, J. Allen 3; Affiliation:  1: Catterpillar, Inc., Peoria, IL.  2: Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD.  3: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 87 Issue 12, p2201; Subject Term: MULLITE; Subject Term: SILICATE minerals; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: PROTECTIVE coatings; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radovic, Miladin
AU  - Lara-Curzio, Edgar
T1  - Elastic Properties of Nickel-Based Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells as a Function of the Fraction of Reduced NiO.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 87
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2242
EP  - 2246
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - The changes in porosity and elastic moduli of YSZ-containing nickel-based anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells were studied as a function of the fraction of reduced NiO. Anode samples were reduced in a gas mixture of 4% hydrogen and 96% argon for different periods of time at 800°C and their Young's and shear moduli were determined afterward at room temperature using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy and line pulse excitation. It was found that the magnitude of Young's and shear moduli decreased significantly with increasing fraction of reduced NiO and that the magnitude of the elastic moduli of a fully reduced Ni--YSZ anode was ∼45% lower than that of unreduced NiO--YSZ. Because the elastic moduli of NiO are close to those of Ni, the observed decrease in the magnitude of the elastic moduli was found to be caused mainly by the significant increase in the porosity of the sample as a result of NiO reduction. Expressions are presented for the amount of porosity and the magnitude of the elastic moduli as a (unction of the fraction of reduced NiO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POROSITY
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - SOLID oxide fuel cells
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - ARGON
KW  - RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15688838; Radovic, Miladin 1 Lara-Curzio, Edgar 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6069.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 87 Issue 12, p2242; Subject Term: POROSITY; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: SOLID oxide fuel cells; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: ARGON; Subject Term: RESONANT ultrasound spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haozhe Liu
AU  - Changqing Jin
AU  - Jiuhua Chen
AU  - Jingzhu Hu
T1  - Anomalous Dynamical Charge Change Behavior of Nanocrystalline 3C-SiC upon Compression.
JO  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF  - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 87
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2291
EP  - 2293
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 00027820
AB  - Using diamond anvil cell (DAC) technique, in situ high-pressure Raman scattering and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) experiments were used at room temperature to study 3C-SiC with an average grain size of 30 nm. In contrast to its bulk counterpart, a decrease of the Born's transverse effective charge of these nanocrystals was observed with increasing pressure from measurements of the longitudinal and transverse optical phonon modes (longitudinal optical--transverse optical) splitting. This is therefore indicative of a diminishing ionicity of nanocrystalline 3C-SiC on compression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 15688939; Haozhe Liu 1,2; Email Address: hliu@hpcat.aps.anl.gov Changqing Jin 3 Jiuhua Chen 2 Jingzhu Hu 4; Affiliation:  1: HPCAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4803.  2: Mineral Physics institute, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2100.  3: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.  4: X17C, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 87 Issue 12, p2291; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baker, Gary A.
T1  - Nanoparticles: From Theory to Application.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 126
IS  - 47
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 15632
EP  - 15633
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Reviews the book "Nanoparticles: From Theory to Application," edited by Günter Schmid.
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - SCHMID, Gunter
KW  - NANOPARTICLES: From Theory to Application (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 15429194; Baker, Gary A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory.; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 47, p15632; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: NANOPARTICLES: From Theory to Application (Book); People: SCHMID, Gunter; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
L3  - 10.1021/ja040954f
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Van Berkel, Gary J.
AU  - Kertesz, Vilmos
AU  - Ford, Michael J.
AU  - Granger, Michael C.
T1  - Efficient analyte oxidation in an electrospray ion source using a porous flow-through electrode emitter
JO  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
JF  - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1755
EP  - 1766
SN  - 10440305
AB  - This article describes the components, operation, and use of a porous flow-through electrode emitter in an electrospray ion source. This emitter electrode geometry provided enhanced mass transport to the electrode surface to exploit the inherent electrochemistry of the electrospray process for efficient analyte oxidation at flow rates up to 800 μL/min. An upstream current loop in the electrospray source circuit, formed by a grounded contact to solution upstream of the emitter electrode, was utilized to increase the magnitude of the total current at the emitter electrode to overcome current limits to efficient oxidation. The resistance in this upstream current loop was altered to control the current and “dial-in” the extent of analyte oxidation, and thus, the abundance and nature of the oxidized analyte ions observed in the mass spectrum. The oxidation of reserpine to form a variety of products by multiple electron transfer reactions and oxidation of the ferroceneboronate derivative of pinacol to form the ES active radical cation were used to study and to illustrate the performance of this new emitter electrode design. Flow injection, continuous infusion, and on-line HPLC experiments were performed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CATIONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15584685; Van Berkel, Gary J. 1; Email Address: vanberkelgj@ornl.gov Kertesz, Vilmos 1 Ford, Michael J. 1 Granger, Michael C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Organic and Biological Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA  2: ESA, Inc., Chelmsford, Massachusetts, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 15 Issue 12, p1755; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CATIONS; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.08.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
T1  - Statistical Methods for Six Sigma in R&D and Manufacturing (Book).
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 99
IS  - 468
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1205
EP  - 1206
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews the book "Statistical Methods for Six Sigma in R&D and Manufacturing," by Anand M. Joglekar.
KW  - STATISTICS
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - JOGLEKAR, Anand M.
KW  - STATISTICAL Methods for Six Sigma: In R&D & Manufacturing (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 15256750; Anderson-Cook, Christine M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 99 Issue 468, p1205; Thesaurus Term: STATISTICS; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: STATISTICAL Methods for Six Sigma: In R&D & Manufacturing (Book); People: JOGLEKAR, Anand M.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
T1  - System Reliability Theory: Models, Statistical Methods, and Applications (2nd ed.) (Book).
JO  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
JF  - Journal of the American Statistical Association
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 99
IS  - 468
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1209
EP  - 1209
SN  - 01621459
AB  - Reviews the book "System Reliability Theory: Models, Statistical Methods, and Applications," 2nd ed., by Marvin Rausand and Arnljot Høyland.
KW  - MATHEMATICAL statistics
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - RAUSAND, Marvin
KW  - HOYLAND, Arnljot
KW  - SYSTEM Reliability Theory: Models, Statistical Methods & Applications (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 15256822; Anderson-Cook, Christine M. 1; Affiliations: 1: Los Alamos National Laboratory; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 99 Issue 468, p1209; Thesaurus Term: MATHEMATICAL statistics; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: SYSTEM Reliability Theory: Models, Statistical Methods & Applications (Book); People: RAUSAND, Marvin; People: HOYLAND, Arnljot; Number of Pages: 1/4p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - buh
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhaduri, Budhendra
AU  - McCuen, Richard H.
T1  - Urban Hydrology, Hydraulics, and Stormwater Quality: Engineering Applications and Computer Modeling.
JO  - Journal of the American Water Resources Association
JF  - Journal of the American Water Resources Association
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 40
IS  - 6
M3  - Book Review
SP  - 1667
EP  - 1668
SN  - 1093474X
AB  - Reviews the book "Urban Hydrology, Hydraulics, and Stormwater Quality: Engineering Applications and Computer Modeling," by A. O. Akan and R. J. Houghtalen.
KW  - WATER quality
KW  - NONFICTION
KW  - AKAN, A. O.
KW  - HOUGHTALEN, R. J.
KW  - URBAN Hydrology, Hydraulics & Stormwater Quality: Engineering Applications & Computer Modeling (Book)
N1  - Accession Number: 15958417; Bhaduri, Budhendra 1 McCuen, Richard H. 2; Affiliation:  1: P. O. Box 2008, MS 6017, Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37832  2: Professor of Civil Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-3021; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 40 Issue 6, p1667; Subject Term: WATER quality; Subject Term: NONFICTION; Reviews & Products: URBAN Hydrology, Hydraulics & Stormwater Quality: Engineering Applications & Computer Modeling (Book); People: AKAN, A. O.; People: HOUGHTALEN, R. J.; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Book Review
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barker, H. W.
AU  - Pavloski, C. F.
AU  - Ovtchinnikov, M.
AU  - Clothiaux, E. E.
T1  - Assessing a Cloud Optical Depth Retrieval Algorithm with Model-Generated Data and the Frozen Turbulence Assumption.
JO  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
JF  - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 61
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 2951
EP  - 2956
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00224928
AB  - A cloud optical depth retrieval algorithm that utilizes time series of solar irradiance and zenith downwelling radiance data collected at a fixed surface site is assessed using model-generated cloud fields and simulated radiation measurements. To date, the retrieval algorithm has only been assessed using instantaneous cloud fields in which time series were mimicked via the frozen turbulence assumption. In this study, time series of radiation data are generated for use by the algorithm from a series of snapshots of an evolving and advecting cloud field, with values of optical depth retrieved for clouds occurring at the midpoint of the time series. This approach resembles conditions encountered in the field much better than those arising from the convenient frozen turbulence assumption. Values of optical depth are also retrieved for the same cloud field by employing the frozen turbulence approach. For the field of broken, shallow cumulus considered here, differences between the two sets of retrievals are small. This suggests that the encouraging results obtained thus far for this retrieval algorithm have not been secured falsely by the frozen turbulence assumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - DYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - ATMOSPHERE -- Research
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 15285880; Barker, H. W. 1; Email Address: howard.barker@ec.gc.ca Pavloski, C. F. 2 Ovtchinnikov, M. 3 Clothiaux, E. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Meteorological Service of Canada, Downsview, Ontario, Canada  2: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania  3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 61 Issue 23, p2951; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: DYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE -- Research; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Binley, James M.
AU  - Wrin, Terri
AU  - Korber, Bette
AU  - Zwick, Michael B.
AU  - Meng Wang
AU  - Chappey, Colombe
AU  - Stiegler, Gabriela
AU  - Kunert, Renate
AU  - Zolla-Pazner, Susan
AU  - Katinger, Hermann
AU  - Petropoulos, Christos J.
AU  - Burton, Dennis R.
T1  - Comprehensive Cross-Clade Neutralization Analysis of a Panel of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Monoclonal Antibodies.
JO  - Journal of Virology
JF  - Journal of Virology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 78
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 13232
EP  - 13252
SN  - 0022538X
AB  - Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) are potentially important tools in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine design. A few rare MAbs have been intensively studied, but we still have a limited appreciation of their neutralization breadth. Using a pseudovirus assay, we evaluated MAbs from clade B-infected donors and a clade B HIV+ plasma against 93 viruses from diverse backgrounds. Anti-gp120 MAbs exhibited greater activity against clade B than non-B viruses, whereas anti-gp41 MAbs exhibited broad interclade activity. Unexpectedly, MAb 4E10 (directed against the C terminus of the gp41 ectodomain) neutralized all 90 viruses with moderate potency. MAb 2F5 (directed against an epitope adjacent to that of 4El0) neutralized 67% of isolates, but none from clade C. Anti-gp120 MAb b12 (directed against an epitope overlapping the CD4 binding site) neutralized 50% of viruses, including some from almost every clade. 2G12 (directed against a high-mannose epitope on gp120) neutralized 41% of the viruses, but none from clades C or E. MAbs to the gp120 V3 loop, including 447-52D, neutralized a subset of clade B viruses (up to 45%) but infrequently neutralized other clades (≤7%). MAbs b6 (directed against the CD4 binding site) and X5 (directed against a CD4-induced epitope of gp120) neutralized only sensitive primary clade B viruses. The HIV+ plasma neutralized 70% of the viruses, including some from all major clades. Further analysis revealed five neutralizing immunotypes that were somewhat associated with clades. As well as the significance for vaccine design, our data have implications for passive-immunization studies in countries where clade C viruses are common, given that only MAbs b12 and 4E10 were effective against viruses from this clade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Virology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MONOCLONAL antibodies
KW  - HIV (Viruses)
KW  - VIRAL vaccines
KW  - CD4 antigen
KW  - MANNOSE
KW  - IMMUNIZATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15430093; Binley, James M. 1 Wrin, Terri 2 Korber, Bette 3 Zwick, Michael B. 1 Meng Wang 1 Chappey, Colombe 2 Stiegler, Gabriela 4 Kunert, Renate 4 Zolla-Pazner, Susan 5 Katinger, Hermann 4 Petropoulos, Christos J. 2 Burton, Dennis R. 1; Email Address: burton@scripps.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, California  2: ViroLogic Inc., South San Francisco, California  3: Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, and The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico  4: Institute of Applied Microbiology; University of Agricultural Sciences, Muthgasse, Vienna, Austria  5: Department of Pathology; New York University Medical Center, and Research Center for AIDS and HIV Infection, VA Medical Center, New York New York; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 78 Issue 23, p13232; Subject Term: MONOCLONAL antibodies; Subject Term: HIV (Viruses); Subject Term: VIRAL vaccines; Subject Term: CD4 antigen; Subject Term: MANNOSE; Subject Term: IMMUNIZATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 9 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JVI.78.23.13232-13252.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kujawinski, Elizabeth B.
AU  - Del Vecchio, Rossana
AU  - Blough, Neil V.
AU  - Klein, Geoffrey C.
AU  - Marshall, Alan G.
T1  - Probing molecular-level transformations of dissolved organic matter: insights on photochemical degradation and protozoan modification of DOM from electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
JO  - Marine Chemistry
JF  - Marine Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 92
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 37
SN  - 03044203
AB  - Abstract: Molecular-level characterization of natural organic matter (NOM) has been elusive due to the inherent complexity of natural organic mixtures and to the fact that individual components are often polar and macromolecular. Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a “soft” ionization technique that ionizes polar compounds from aqueous solution prior to injection into a mass spectrometer. The highest resolution and mass accuracy of compounds within NOM have been achieved when ESI is combined with an ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometer such as the Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS). With this technique, individual molecules within a variety of natural organic mixtures can be detected and their elemental composition can be determined. At low mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio, the resolution is high enough to assign exact molecular formulas allowing specific components of these mixtures to be identified. In addition to molecular identification, we can now use ESI FT-ICR MS to examine molecular-level changes in different organic mixtures as a function of relevant geo-processes, such as microbial alterations and photochemistry. Here we present the results from the application of ESI FT-ICR MS to two geochemical questions: (1) the effect of photoirradiation on the molecular composition of fulvic acids and (2) the role of protozoan grazers in the modification of DOM in aquatic systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Marine Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Quantum electrodynamics
KW  - Mass spectrometers
KW  - Spectrum analysis -- Instruments
KW  - DOM
KW  - ESI FT-ICR MS
KW  - FT-MS
KW  - Fulvic acids
KW  - Photochemistry
KW  - Protozoan grazing
N1  - Accession Number: 15560814; Kujawinski, Elizabeth B. 1; Email Address: ekujawin@barnard.edu; Del Vecchio, Rossana 2,3; Blough, Neil V. 3; Klein, Geoffrey C. 4,5; Marshall, Alan G. 4,5; Affiliations: 1: Dept. of Environmental Science, Barnard College, 3009 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, United States; 2: Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States; 3: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States; 4: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, United States; 5: Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310-4005, United States; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 92 Issue 1-4, p23; Thesaurus Term: Organic compounds; Thesaurus Term: Spectrum analysis; Subject Term: Quantum electrodynamics; Subject Term: Mass spectrometers; Subject Term: Spectrum analysis -- Instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: DOM; Author-Supplied Keyword: ESI FT-ICR MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: FT-MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fulvic acids; Author-Supplied Keyword: Photochemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protozoan grazing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.marchem.2004.06.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pereyra, R.
AU  - Shen, Y.-L.
T1  - Characterization of particle concentration in indentation-deformed metal-ceramic composites
JO  - Materials Characterization
JF  - Materials Characterization
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 53
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 373
EP  - 380
SN  - 10445803
AB  - Abstract: Previous studies have shown that the indentation technique is prone to overestimate the overall strength of heterogeneous materials containing hard particles in a ductile matrix. The localized increase in particle concentration under the indentation has been proposed as a possible cause. In this study, a direct characterization is undertaken using an aluminum/silicon carbide metal matrix composite. Quantitative metallography on the post-indented material is carried out to measure the particle volume fraction. A distinct increase in particle concentration induced by the indentation is found. The spatial distribution of particle concentration is also examined in detail. The residual compressive stress field remained in the material after unloading, as illustrated by the finite element analysis, is shown to correlate with the experimental measurement of the particle concentration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Characterization is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INHOMOGENEOUS materials
KW  - COMPOSITE materials
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - SILICON carbide
KW  - FINITE element method
KW  - Finite element analysis
KW  - Indentation
KW  - Metal matrix composites
KW  - Microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15561521; Pereyra, R. 1 Shen, Y.-L. 2; Email Address: shenyl@me.unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States  2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 53 Issue 5, p373; Subject Term: INHOMOGENEOUS materials; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials; Subject Term: ALUMINUM; Subject Term: SILICON carbide; Subject Term: FINITE element method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite element analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Indentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal matrix composites; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nayak, S.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Dahotre, N. B.
T1  - Thermography during laser surface melting of cast aluminium alloy.
JO  - Materials Science & Technology
JF  - Materials Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 20
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1609
EP  - 1614
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 02670836
AB  - In situ high speed IR thermographs captured during laser surface melting of A319 enabled estimation of maximum temperature, temperature gradient and cooling rate. In light of limited spatial and time resolutions of the IR camera, a one-dimensional heat transfer model was adopted for estimating the cooling rate. The cooling rate so estimated provided a range of cell size that closely matched with the experimentally observed cell size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMOGRAPHY
KW  - FUSION (Phase transformation)
KW  - ALUMINUM alloys
KW  - LASERS
KW  - DENDRITES
KW  - A319
KW  - Cellular dendrites
KW  - INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
KW  - LASER SURFACE MELTING
N1  - Accession Number: 15373070; Nayak, S. 1 Wang, H. 2 Dahotre, N. B. 1,3; Email Address: ndahotre@utk.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Member, Materials Processing Group, Metals and Ceramic Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 20 Issue 12, p1609; Subject Term: THERMOGRAPHY; Subject Term: FUSION (Phase transformation); Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: DENDRITES; Author-Supplied Keyword: A319; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cellular dendrites; Author-Supplied Keyword: INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: LASER SURFACE MELTING; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/026708304X4358
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eskow, Elizabeth
AU  - Bader, Brett
AU  - Byrd, Richard
AU  - Crivelli, Silvia
AU  - Head-Gordon, Teresa
AU  - Lamberti, Vincent
AU  - Schnabel, Robert
T1  - An optimization approach to the problem of protein structure prediction.
JO  - Mathematical Programming
JF  - Mathematical Programming
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 101
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
EP  - 514
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00255610
AB  - We describe a large-scale, stochastic-perturbation global optimization algorithm used for determining the structure of proteins. The method incorporates secondary structure predictions (which describe the more basic elements of the protein structure) into the starting structures, and thereafter minimizes using a purely physics-based energy model. Results show this method to be particularly successful on protein targets where structural information from similar proteins is unavailable, i.e., the most difficult targets for most protein structure prediction methods. Our best result to date is on a protein target containing over 4000 atoms and ~12,000 cartesian coordinates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mathematical Programming is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - MATHEMATICAL optimization
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - PREDICTION models
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
N1  - Accession Number: 15124175; Eskow, Elizabeth 1 Bader, Brett 1 Byrd, Richard 1 Crivelli, Silvia 2 Head-Gordon, Teresa 2 Lamberti, Vincent 1 Schnabel, Robert 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0430  2: Physical Sciences, Life Sciences and NERSC Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 101 Issue 3, p497; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL optimization; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: PREDICTION models; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1007/s10107-003-0493-4
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weiwen Zhang
AU  - Liang Shi
T1  - Evolution of the PPM-family protein phosphatases in Streptomyces: duplication of catalytic domain and lateral recruitment of additional sensory domains.
JO  - Microbiology (13500872)
JF  - Microbiology (13500872)
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 150
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 4189
EP  - 4197
SN  - 13500872
AB  - Originally identified from eukaryotes, the Mg2+- or Mn2+-dependent protein phosphatases (PPMs) are a diverse group of enzymes whose members include eukaryotic PP2C and some prokaryotic serine/threonine phosphatases. In a previous study, unexpectedly large numbers of PPMs were identified in two Streptomyces genomes. In this work, a phylogenetic analysis was performed with all the PPMs available from a wide variety of microbial sources to determine the evolutionary origin of the Streptomyces PPM proteins. Consistent with earlier hypotheses, the results suggested that the microbial PPMs were relatively recent additions from eukaryotic sources. Results also indicated that the Streptomyces PPMs were divided into two major subfamilies at an early stage of their emergence in Streptomyces genomes. The first subfamily, which contains only six Streptomyces PPMs, possesses a catalytic domain whose sequence and architecture are similar to that of eukaryotic PPMs; the second subfamily contains 89 Streptomyces PPMs that lack the 5a and 5b catalytic domain motifs, similar to the PPMs SpollE and RsbU of Bacillus subtilis. Significant gene duplication was observed for the PPMs in the second subfamily. In addition, more than half (54%) of the Streptomyces PPMs from the second subfamily were found to have at least one additional sensory domain, most commonly the PAS or the GAF domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these domains tended to be clustered according to the putative physiological functions rather than taxonomic relationship, implying that they might have arisen as a result of domain recruitment in a late evolutionary stage. This study provides an insight into how Streptomyces spp. may have expanded their PPM-based signal transduction networks to enable them to respond to a greater range of environmental changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Microbiology (13500872) is the property of Society for General Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Phosphatases
KW  - Prokaryotes
KW  - Genetics
KW  - Microbiology
KW  - Streptomyces
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Phosphoprotein phosphatases
KW  - Genomes
N1  - Accession Number: 15640725; Weiwen Zhang 1; Email Address: weiwen.zhang@pnl.gov; Liang Shi 1; Affiliations: 1: Microbiology Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, PO Box 999, Mail Stop: P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 150 Issue 12, p4189; Thesaurus Term: Phosphatases; Thesaurus Term: Prokaryotes; Thesaurus Term: Genetics; Thesaurus Term: Microbiology; Subject Term: Streptomyces; Subject Term: Proteins; Subject Term: Phosphoprotein phosphatases; Subject Term: Genomes; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1099/mic.0.27480-0
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huijian Jiang
AU  - Lawson, Frank
T1  - Reaction mechanism for the formation of ammonium jarosite: thermodynamic studies and experimental evidence.
JO  - Mineral Processing & Extractive Metallurgy: Transactions of the Institution of Mining & Metallurgy, Section C
JF  - Mineral Processing & Extractive Metallurgy: Transactions of the Institution of Mining & Metallurgy, Section C
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 113
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - C175
EP  - C181
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 03719553
AB  - Experimental and thermodynamic studies on the iron-sulphate-water system were carried out in order to appreciate the possible reaction mechanisms for the formation of ammonium jarosite. The mole ratio of ferric and sulphate species in the precipitates obtained during the kinetic studies was analysed. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs) and differential thermal analyses (DTAs) were conducted to examine the weight losses from ammonium jarosite during its thermal decomposition. Based on the results of both the thermodynamic studies and the experimental test work, a possible reaction mechanism for the formation of ammonium jarosite is proposed. This proposed reaction mechanism and the possible multiple pathways by which Jarosite precipitation could occur are discussed. When ammonia solution is used as the ammonium ion source, the formation of ammonium jarosite is believed to start with the species FeSO4+ and Fe(OH)3. Solid basic ferric sulphates, [Fe(OH)2]2SO4 and Fe(OH)SO4, may be precursors for the formation of ammonium jarosite. Fe(OH)3 can undergo reactions forming hydroxyl ferric Fe(OH)2+ ions and these are able to form basic ferric sulphates. There appears to be a gradual solid state conversion of the basic ferric sulphates/hydroxides into jarosite over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Mineral Processing & Extractive Metallurgy: Transactions of the Institution of Mining & Metallurgy, Section C is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMMONIUM
KW  - THERMODYNAMICS
KW  - IRON compounds
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - HYDROXIDES
KW  - formation of ammonium Jaroaite
KW  - hydrometallurgy
KW  - reaction mechanism
N1  - Accession Number: 15903040; Huijian Jiang 1,2,3; Email Address: HJiang@lbl.gov Lawson, Frank 4; Affiliation:  1: Chengdu University of Technology, China  2: Monash University, Australia, MACS  3: Radiochemist, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. USA.  4: Honorary Professorial Fellow, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 113 Issue 3, pC175; Subject Term: AMMONIUM; Subject Term: THERMODYNAMICS; Subject Term: IRON compounds; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: HYDROXIDES; Author-Supplied Keyword: formation of ammonium Jaroaite; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrometallurgy; Author-Supplied Keyword: reaction mechanism; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325313 Chemical fertilizer (except potash) manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 8 Charts, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/037195504225006588
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gallagher, Kelly G.
AU  - Milligan, Brook G.
AU  - White, P. Scott
T1  - Isolation and characterization of microsatellite DNA loci in Aquilegia sp.
JO  - Molecular Ecology Notes
JF  - Molecular Ecology Notes
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 686
EP  - 688
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
SN  - 14718278
AB  - We obtained a microsatellite-enriched genomic library isolated from the tissue of a single columbine ( Aquilegia sp.) plant taken from a southwestern USA natural population. The primers developed for these microsatellite loci performed consistently in polymerase chain reactions and yielded multiallelic genotypes with relatively high observed heterozygosities. We describe polymerase chain reaction primers and conditions to amplify 16 unique, codominant di-, tri- and tetra-nucleotide microsatellite DNA loci so that other population biology researchers using columbine natural populations as a model system may benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Ecology Notes is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLUMBINES
KW  - PLANT species
KW  - MICROSATELLITES (Genetics)
KW  - DNA
KW  - POLYMERASE chain reaction
KW  - PLANT population genetics
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - Aquilegia
KW  - microsatellite
KW  - PCR
KW  - primer
KW  - SSR
KW  - STR
N1  - Accession Number: 18082888; Gallagher, Kelly G. 1,2,3; Email Address: kelly@isem.univ-montp2.fr Milligan, Brook G. 2 White, P. Scott 1; Affiliation:  1: Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA  3: Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Montpellier, Université Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon CC065 Bat 22, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 4 Issue 4, p686; Subject Term: COLUMBINES; Subject Term: PLANT species; Subject Term: MICROSATELLITES (Genetics); Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject Term: PLANT population genetics; Subject Term: GENETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aquilegia; Author-Supplied Keyword: microsatellite; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCR; Author-Supplied Keyword: primer; Author-Supplied Keyword: SSR; Author-Supplied Keyword: STR; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Chart; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2004.00785.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pengjie Zhang
AU  - Ue-Li Pen
AU  - Hy Trac
T1  - The temperature of the intergalactic medium and the Comptonyparameter.
JO  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF  - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 355
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 451
EP  - 460
PB  - Oxford University Press / USA
SN  - 00358711
AB  - The thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) effect directly probes the thermal energy of the Universe. Its precision modelling and future high-accuracy measurements will provide a powerful way to constrain the thermal history of the Universe. In this paper, we focus on the precision modelling of the gas density weighted temperatureand the mean SZ Comptonyparameter. We run high-resolution adiabatic hydrodynamic simulations adopting theWMAPcosmology to study the temperature and density distribution of the intergalactic medium (IGM). To quantify possible simulation limitations, we runself-similar simulations. Our analytical model onis based on energy conservation and matter clustering and has no free parameter. Combining both simulations and analytical models thus provides the precision modelling ofand. We find that the simulated temperature probability distribution function andshows good convergence. For theWMAPcosmology, our highest-resolution simulation (10243 cells, 100 Mpc  h−1 box size) reliably simulateswith better than 10 per cent accuracy for. Toward, the simulation mass-resolution effect becomes stronger and causes the simulatedto be slightly underestimated (at,∼20 per cent underestimated). Sinceis mainly contributed by the IGM at, this simulation effect onis no larger than∼10 per cent. Furthermore, our analytical model is capable of correcting this artefact. It passes all tests of self-similar simulations andWMAPsimulations and is able to predictandto several per cent accuracy. For a low matter densityΛCDM cosmology, the presentis, which accounts for 10−8 of the critical cosmological density and 0.024 per cent of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) energy. The meanyparameter is. The current upper limit ofmeasured by FIRAS has already ruled out combinations of highand high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPTON effect
KW  - COSMIC background radiation
KW  - COSMOLOGY
KW  - ASTROPHYSICAL radiation
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - methods
KW  - numerical - intergalactic medium - cosmic microwave background - cosmology
KW  - theory - large-scale structure of Universe
N1  - Accession Number: 15123546; Pengjie Zhang 1; Email Address: zhangpj@fnal.gov Ue-Li Pen 2; Email Address: pen@cita.utoronto.ca Hy Trac 2,3; Email Address: trac@cita.utoronto.ca; Affiliation:  1: NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-050, USA.  2: Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3H8.  3: Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3H8.; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 355 Issue 2, p451; Subject Term: COMPTON effect; Subject Term: COSMIC background radiation; Subject Term: COSMOLOGY; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICAL radiation; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: numerical - intergalactic medium - cosmic microwave background - cosmology; Author-Supplied Keyword: theory - large-scale structure of Universe; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08328.x
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wingate, B. A.
T1  - The Maximum Allowable Time Step for the Shallow Water α Model and Its Relation to Time-Implicit Differencing.
JO  - Monthly Weather Review
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 132
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2719
EP  - 2731
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 00270644
AB  - This work investigates the numerical time stability of the Lagrangian-averaged shallow water α model (SW-α). The main result is an analytical estimate for the maximum allowable time step. This estimate shows that as the grid is refined the time step becomes independent of the mesh spacing and instead depends on the length scale, α, a parameter of the model. The α model achieves this result through changes in the equations of motion that reduce the frequency of the linear waves at high wavenumbers. This type of reduction in the frequency of high-wavenumber waves is also a characteristic of time-implicit numerical methods. Consequently, an analogy is drawn between the two by comparing the numerical method's modified equation to the partial differential equation of the α model. Fourier analysis and numerical simulations are also used to compare a third-order Adams–Bashforth α model simulation to the well-known implicit numerical method of Dukowicz and Smith. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEAWATER
KW  - LAGRANGE equations
KW  - EQUATIONS of motion
KW  - PARTIAL differential equations
KW  - CALCULUS
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15415934; Wingate, B. A. 1; Email Address: wingate@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Computer and Computational Sciences and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 132 Issue 12, p2719; Subject Term: SEAWATER; Subject Term: LAGRANGE equations; Subject Term: EQUATIONS of motion; Subject Term: PARTIAL differential equations; Subject Term: CALCULUS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Daiguji
AU  - H.
AU  - Yang
AU  - P.
AU  - Szeri
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Majumdar
AU  - A.
T1  - Electrochemomechanical Energy Conversion in Nanofluidic Channels.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2315
EP  - 2321
SN  - 15306984
AB  - When the Debye length is on the order of or larger than the height of a nanofluidic channel containing surface charge, a unipolar solution of counterions is generated to maintain electrical neutrality. A pressure-gradient-driven flow under such conditions can be used for ion separation, which forms the basis for electrochemomechanical energy conversion. The current-potential (I-ϕ) characteristics of such a battery were calculated using continuum dynamics. When the bulk concentration is large and the channel does not become a unipolar solution of counterions, both the current and potential become small. On the other hand, when bulk concentration is so much smaller, the mass diffusion becomes the rate-controlling step and the potential drops rapidly in the high current density region. When the Debye length of the solution is about half of the channel height, the efficiency is maximized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - ANALYTICAL mechanics
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
KW  - ISOLATIONISM
N1  - Accession Number: 16439363; Daiguji H. 1 Yang P. 1 Szeri A. J. 1 Majumdar A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 4 Issue 12, p2315; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL mechanics; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); Subject Term: ISOLATIONISM; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Puzder
AU  - A.
AU  - Williamson
AU  - A. J.
AU  - Zaitseva
AU  - N.
AU  - Galli
AU  - G.
AU  - Manna
AU  - L.
AU  - Alivisatos
AU  - A. P.
T1  - The Effect of Organic Ligand Binding on the Growth of CdSe Nanoparticles Probed by Ab Initio Calculations.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2361
EP  - 2365
SN  - 15306984
AB  - First principles electronic structure simulations are used to study the atomistic detail of the interaction between organic surfactant molecules and the surfaces of CdSe semiconductor nanoparticles. These calculations provide insights into the relaxed atomic geometry of organics bound to semiconductor surfaces at the nanoscale as well as the electronic charge transfer between surface atoms and the organics. We calculate the binding energy of phosphine oxide, phosphonic and carboxylic acids, and amine ligands to a range of CdSe nanoparticle facets. The dominant binding interaction is between oxygen atoms in the ligands and cadmium atoms on the nanoparticle surfaces. The most strongly bound ligands are phosphonic acid molecules, which bind preferentially to the facets forming the sides of CdSe nanorods. The calculated relative binding strengths of ligands to different facets support the hypothesis that these binding energies control the relative growth rates of different facets, and therefore the resulting geometry of the nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STEREOCHEMISTRY
KW  - COORDINATION compounds
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - RADIOLIGAND assay
N1  - Accession Number: 16439370; Puzder A. 1 Williamson A. J. 1 Zaitseva N. 1 Galli G. 1 Manna L. 1 Alivisatos A. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 4 Issue 12, p2361; Subject Term: STEREOCHEMISTRY; Subject Term: COORDINATION compounds; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: RADIOLIGAND assay; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu
AU  - H.
AU  - Alivisatos
AU  - A. P.
T1  - Preparation of Asymmetric Nanostructures through Site Selective Modification of Tetrapods.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2397
EP  - 2401
SN  - 15306984
AB  - CdTe tetrapods have been deposited on a substrate and partially coated with a protective polymer layer, exposing just one arm. The exposed arm was then decorated with Au nanoparticles in a site selective fashion. The modified arms were readily broken off from the remainder of the tetrapods and released from the substrate, yielding CdTe nanorods asymmetrically modified with Au nanoparticles. These nanostructures with reduced symmetry may show interesting optoelectronic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - MACROMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 16439377; Liu H. 1 Alivisatos A. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 4 Issue 12, p2397; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: MACROMOLECULES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gray
AU  - J. L.
AU  - Atha
AU  - S.
AU  - Hull
AU  - R.
AU  - Floro
AU  - J. A.
T1  - Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Epitaxial Semiconductor Nanostructures.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2447
EP  - 2450
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We describe a new route to hierarchical assembly of semiconductor nanostructures, employing guided organization of self-assembling epitaxial quantum dot molecules in the GexSi1-x/Si(100) system. The quantum dot molecule comprises a shallow strain relieving pit, defined by {105} facets, and bounded by 4-fold {105}-faceted islands. Through topographic “forcing functions” fabricated on the substrate surface, the quantum dot molecules may be organized into arrays, enabling hierarchical structures spanning length scales from tens of nanometers to macroscopic dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 16439386; Gray J. L. 1 Atha S. 1 Hull R. 1 Floro J. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of Virginia, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, and Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1415; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 4 Issue 12, p2447; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson
AU  - R. B.
AU  - Rasmussen
AU  - K. O.
AU  - Lookman
AU  - T.
T1  - Origins of Elastic Properties in Ordered Block Copolymer/Nanoparticle Composites.
JO  - Nano Letters
JF  - Nano Letters
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 4
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2455
EP  - 2459
SN  - 15306984
AB  - We predict a diblock copolymer melt in the lamellar phase with added spherical nanoparticles that have an affinity for one block to have a lower tensile modulus than a pure diblock copolymer system. This weakening is due to the swelling of the lamellar domain by nanoparticles and the displacement of polymer by elastically inert fillers. Despite the overall decrease in the tensile modulus of a polydomain sample, the shear modulus for a single domain is unaffected by fillers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nano Letters is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - POLYMERS
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
N1  - Accession Number: 16439388; Thompson R. B. 1 Rasmussen K. O. 1 Lookman T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 4 Issue 12, p2455; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: POLYMERS; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - SAIZ, EDUARDO
AU  - TOMSIA, ANTONI P.
T1  - Atomic dynamics and Marangoni films during liquid-metal spreading.
JO  - Nature Materials
JF  - Nature Materials
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 3
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 903
EP  - 909
SN  - 14761122
AB  - Despite its apparent simplicity, spreading of liquid metals at high temperatures has defied description and generalization. Wetting at high temperature is usually accompanied by interdiffusion and chemical reaction, but the forces that drive reactive spreading and the mechanisms that control its kinetics have been very poorly understood. The unsolved challenge has been to link macroscopic measurements such as the dynamic contact angle or the speed of a moving liquid front to phenomena occurring at the microscopic and even atomic level in the vicinity of the triple solid–liquid–vapour junction. We have taken a big step towards meeting this challenge. Our systematic analysis of the spreading of metal–metal systems with varying degrees of mutual solubility allows us to report on the fundamental differences between the mechanisms controlling spreading of organic liquids and liquid metals and on formation of Marangoni films driven by surface-tension gradients in high-temperature systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature Materials is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIQUID metals
KW  - WETTING
KW  - MARANGONI effect
KW  - SURFACE tension
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 18445662; SAIZ, EDUARDO 1; Email Address: Esaiz@lbl.gov TOMSIA, ANTONI P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 3 Issue 12, p903; Subject Term: LIQUID metals; Subject Term: WETTING; Subject Term: MARANGONI effect; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nmat1252
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tomasi, D.
AU  - Ernst, T.
AU  - Caparelli, E.C.
AU  - Chang, L.
T1  - Practice-induced changes of brain function during visual attention: a parametric fMRI study at 4 Tesla
JO  - NeuroImage
JF  - NeuroImage
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 1414
EP  - 1421
SN  - 10538119
AB  - A parametric functional MRI (fMRI) study with three levels of task difficulty was performed to determine the effect of practice and attentional load on brain activation during visual attention tasks. Brief practice during repeat fMRI scanning (20 min) did not change performance accuracy or reaction times (RT), but decreased activation bilaterally in the inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri, superior temporal gyrus, thalamus, and cerebellum. Increased attentional load decreased performance accuracy but not RT, and increased activation bilaterally in the inferior, posterior, and superior parietal cortices, thalamus, cerebellum, and frontal gyri. These changes suggest that practice decreases dependency on thalamus, cerebellum, and the frontal cortices for controlled task processing possibly due to increased efficiency of the attentional network. Since short-term practice-effects in the prefrontal cortex may be similar to attentional load-effects, studies of attentional load need to take practice effects into account. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of NeuroImage is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IMAGING systems in medicine
KW  - FRONTAL lobes
KW  - PREFRONTAL cortex
KW  - CEREBRAL cortex
KW  - Brain
KW  - Practice
KW  - Visual attention
N1  - Accession Number: 17128513; Tomasi, D.; Email Address: tomasi@bnl.gov Ernst, T. 1 Caparelli, E.C. 1 Chang, L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p1414; Subject Term: IMAGING systems in medicine; Subject Term: FRONTAL lobes; Subject Term: PREFRONTAL cortex; Subject Term: CEREBRAL cortex; Author-Supplied Keyword: Brain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Practice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Visual attention; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.065
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shapiro, Steve
T1  - Gen Shirane and the Frontiers of Neutron Scattering.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Focuses on a symposium entitled Gen Shirane and the Frontiers of Neutron Scattering in Brookhaven, Pennsylvania on July 15, 2004.  Background of the event which honors the contributions of Shirane in neutron scattering research; Information on Shirane; Overview of awards he received, including the Oliver Buckley Prize.
KW  - CONFERENCES & conventions
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - AWARDS
KW  - BROOKHAVEN (Pa.)
KW  - PENNSYLVANIA
KW  - SHIRANE, Gen
N1  - Accession Number: 16165193; Shapiro, Steve 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p11; Subject Term: CONFERENCES & conventions; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: AWARDS; Subject Term: BROOKHAVEN (Pa.); Subject Term: PENNSYLVANIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; People: SHIRANE, Gen; Number of Pages: 1p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rosenkranz, Stephan
AU  - Osborn, Ray
T1  - Prospects and Challenges in Single Crystal Diffuse Scattering.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 24
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Focuses on controlled introduction of quenched disorder in condensed matter physics.  Impact of an understanding of disordered systems on fields outside materials science, such as the design of high-density computer chips; Discussion of coherent diffuse scattering from single crystals using neutrons or x-rays; Information on the single crystal diffuse scattering technique.
KW  - CONDENSED matter
KW  - ORDER-disorder models
KW  - MATERIALS science
KW  - INTEGRATED circuits
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16165201; Rosenkranz, Stephan 1 Osborn, Ray 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p21; Subject Term: CONDENSED matter; Subject Term: ORDER-disorder models; Subject Term: MATERIALS science; Subject Term: INTEGRATED circuits; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGreevy, Robert
AU  - Otomo, Toshiya
AU  - Anderson, Ian
AU  - Miller, Steve
AU  - Geist, Al
T1  - New Opportunities for Data Analysis Software: An International Collaboration.
JO  - Neutron News
JF  - Neutron News
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 25
EP  - 27
SN  - 10448632
AB  - Focuses on neutron scattering facilities under construction, including the Japanese Spallation Source which will be operational in 2007.  Overview of instrumentation and detector arrays of the facilities; Implications on the opening of the facilities on data visualization and analysis software used in neutron data analysis; Similarities between the software used for positron emission tomography scanners and those used in neutron scattering.
KW  - NEUTRON scattering
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - COMPUTER software
KW  - EMISSION tomography
KW  - SCANNING systems
N1  - Accession Number: 16165202; McGreevy, Robert 1 Otomo, Toshiya 2 Anderson, Ian 3 Miller, Steve 3 Geist, Al 3; Affiliation:  1: ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK  2: J-PARC, Japan  3: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p25; Subject Term: NEUTRON scattering; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: COMPUTER software; Subject Term: EMISSION tomography; Subject Term: SCANNING systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Peter Todd
T1  - Turbulent magnetohydrodynamic elasticity: Boussinesq-like approximations for steady shear
JO  - New Astronomy
JF  - New Astronomy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 133
EP  - 144
SN  - 13841076
AB  - We re-examine the Boussinesq hypothesis of an effective turbulent viscosity within the context of simple closure considerations for models of strong magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Reynolds-stress and turbulent Maxwell-stress closure models will necessarily introduce a suite of transport coefficients, all of which are to some degree model-dependent. One of the most important coefficients is the relaxation time for the turbulent Maxwell stress, which until recently has been relatively ignored. We discuss this relaxation within the context of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in steady high fluid Reynolds-number, high magnetic-Reynolds-number shearing flows. The relaxation time for the turbulent Maxwell stress is not constrained by the shear time scale, in contrast with Reynolds-stress closure models for purely hydrodynamical turbulence. As a result, the anisotropy of the turbulent stress tensor for magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, even for the case of zero mean-field considered here, cannot be neglected. This shear-generated anisotropy can be interpreted as being due to an effective turbulent elasticity, in analogy to the Boussinesq turbulent viscosity. We claim that this turbulent elasticity should be important for any astrophysical problem in which the turbulent stress in quasi-steady shear has been treated phenomenologically with an effective viscosity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of New Astronomy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - MHD
N1  - Accession Number: 14961017; Williams, Peter Todd 1; Email Address: ptw@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS P225, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 10 Issue 2, p133; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Author-Supplied Keyword: Turbulence; Author-Supplied Keyword: MHD; Language of Keywords: English; Language of Keywords: Spanish; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.newast.2004.03.006
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Helmer, R.G.
T1  - Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 157
JO  - Nuclear Data Sheets
JF  - Nuclear Data Sheets
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 103
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
EP  - 782
SN  - 00903752
AB  - Abstract: The experimental results from the various reaction and decay studies leading to nuclides in the A = 157 mass chain have been reviewed. These data are summarized and presented, together with adopted level schemes and properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Data Sheets is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - NUCLEAR chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15586307; Helmer, R.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415–2114 USA Under subcontract with National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 103 Issue 4, p565; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 218p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, J.G.
AU  - Dardin, S.M.
AU  - Kadel, R.W.
AU  - Kadyk, J.A.
AU  - Peskov, V.
AU  - Wenzel, W.A.
T1  - Electron avalanches in liquid argon mixtures
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 534
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 376
EP  - 396
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We have observed stable avalanche gain in liquid argon when mixed with small amounts of xenon (xe) in the high electric field (MV/cm) near the point of a chemically etched needle in a point–plane geometry. We identify two gain mechanisms, one pressure dependent, and the other independent of the applied pressure. We conclude that the pressure-dependent signals are from avalanche gain in gas bubbles at the tip of the needle, while the pressure-independent pulses are from avalanche gain in liquid. We measure the decay time spectra of photons from both types of avalanches. The decay times from the pressure-dependent pulses decrease (increase) with the applied pressure (high voltage), while the decay times from the pressure-independent pulses are approximately independent of pressure or high voltage. For our operating conditions, the collected charge distribution from avalanches is similar for 60 or 122keV photon sources. With krypton additives, instead of Xe, we measure behavior consistent with only the pressure-dependent pulses. Neon and TMS were also investigated as additives, and designs for practical detectors were tested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - LIQUEFIED gases
KW  - AVALANCHES
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 14959879; Kim, J.G. 1 Dardin, S.M. 1 Kadel, R.W.; Email Address: rwkadel@lbl.gov Kadyk, J.A. 1 Peskov, V. 2 Wenzel, W.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 534 Issue 3, p376; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: LIQUEFIED gases; Subject Term: AVALANCHES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.136
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Batarin, V.A.
AU  - Butler, J.
AU  - Chen, T.Y.
AU  - Davidenko, A.M.
AU  - Derevschikov, A.A.
AU  - Goncharenko, Y.M.
AU  - Grishin, V.N.
AU  - Kachanov, V.A.
AU  - Konstantinov, A.S.
AU  - Kravtsov, V.I.
AU  - Kormilitsin, V.A.
AU  - Kubota, Y.
AU  - Matulenko, Y.A.
AU  - Medvedev, V.A.
AU  - Melnick, Y.M.
AU  - Meschanin, A.P.
AU  - Mikhalin, N.E.
AU  - Minaev, N.G.
AU  - Mochalov, V.V.
AU  - Morozov, D.A.
T1  - LED monitoring system for the BTeV lead tungstate crystal calorimeter prototype
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 534
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 486
EP  - 495
SN  - 01689002
AB  - We report on the performance of a monitoring system for a prototype calorimeter for the BTeV experiment that uses lead tungstate crystals coupled with photomultiplier tubes. The tests were carried out at the 70-GeV accelerator complex at Protvino, Russia. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
KW  - 29.90.+r
KW  - 85.60.Dw
KW  - 85.60.Jb
N1  - Accession Number: 14959884; Batarin, V.A. 1 Butler, J. 2 Chen, T.Y. 3 Davidenko, A.M. 1 Derevschikov, A.A. 1 Goncharenko, Y.M. 1 Grishin, V.N. 1 Kachanov, V.A. 1 Konstantinov, A.S. 1 Kravtsov, V.I. 1 Kormilitsin, V.A. 1 Kubota, Y. 4 Matulenko, Y.A. 1 Medvedev, V.A. 1 Melnick, Y.M. 1 Meschanin, A.P. 1 Mikhalin, N.E. 1 Minaev, N.G. 1 Mochalov, V.V. 1 Morozov, D.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Experimental Physics Department, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russian Federation  2: Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510, USA  3: Nanjing University, Nanjing, China  4: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 534 Issue 3, p486; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Author-Supplied Keyword: 29.90.+r; Author-Supplied Keyword: 85.60.Dw; Author-Supplied Keyword: 85.60.Jb; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.161
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - Norman, Eric B.
AU  - Prussin, Stanley G.
AU  - Larimer, Ruth-Mary
AU  - Shugart, Howard
AU  - Browne, Edgardo
AU  - Smith, Alan R.
AU  - McDonald, Richard J.
AU  - Nitsche, Heino
AU  - Gupta, Puja
AU  - Frank, Michael I.
AU  - Gosnell, Thomas B.
T1  - Response to A comment on “Signatures of fissile materials: high-energy γ-rays following fission” by Zeev B. Alfassi
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 534
IS  - 3
M3  - Letter
SP  - 577
EP  - 577
SN  - 01689002
N1  - Accession Number: 14959894; Norman, Eric B. 1; Email Address: ebnorman@lbl.gov Prussin, Stanley G. 2 Larimer, Ruth-Mary 1 Shugart, Howard 3 Browne, Edgardo 1 Smith, Alan R. 1 McDonald, Richard J. 1 Nitsche, Heino 4 Gupta, Puja 2 Frank, Michael I. 5 Gosnell, Thomas B. 5; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS50-208 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: National Security, International Cooperation and Arms Control Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 534 Issue 3, p577; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Letter
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.138
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watson, P.R.
AU  - Loveland, W.
AU  - Zielinski, P.M.
AU  - Gregorich, K.E.
AU  - Nitsche, H.
T1  - Changes in surface composition and morphology of UF4 targets during heavy ion irradiation
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 226
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 543
EP  - 548
SN  - 0168583X
AB  - Abstract: The changes in surface composition and morphology have been measured for UF4 targets subjected to high dose irradiation (5×1018 ions) with ∼195MeV 37Cl (∼5.3AMeV). Using atomic force microscopy and an electron microprobe, we observed significant morphological changes in the targets along with changes in chemical composition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - 79.20.Rf
N1  - Accession Number: 15426649; Watson, P.R. 1 Loveland, W. 1; Email Address: lovelanw@onid.orst.edu Zielinski, P.M. 2 Gregorich, K.E. 2 Nitsche, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 100 Radiation Center, 3451 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331-4003, USA  2: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 226 Issue 4, p543; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: 79.20.Rf; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.08.019
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Oliver, Steven
T1  - Why Are Neutrinos Light? – An Alternative
JO  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
JF  - Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 137
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 269
EP  - 276
SN  - 09205632
AB  - We review the recent proposal that neutrinos are light because their masses are proportional to a low scale, f, of lepton flavor symmetry breaking. This mechanism is testable because the resulting pseudo-Goldstone bosons, of mass mG , couple strongly with the neutrinos, affecting the acoustic oscillations during the eV era of the early universe that generate the peaks in the CMB radiation. Characteristic signals result over a very wide range of (f, mG ) because of a change in the total relativistic energy density and because the neutrinos scatter rather than free-stream. Thermodynamics allows a precise calculation of the signal, so that observations would not only confirm the late-time neutrino mass mechanism, but could also determine whether the neutrino spectrum is degenerate, inverted or hierarchical and whether the neutrinos are Dirac or Majorana. The flavor symmetries could also give light sterile states. If the masses of the sterile neutrinos turn on after the MeV era, the LSND oscillations can be explained without upsetting big bang nucleosynthesis, and, since the sterile states decay to lighter neutrinos and pseudo-Goldstones, without giving too much hot dark matter. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B  Proceedings Supplement is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRINOS
KW  - LEPTONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 17125054; Hall, Lawrence J. 1 Oliver, Steven 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 137 Issue 1-3, p269; Subject Term: NEUTRINOS; Subject Term: LEPTONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.10.076
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arsenllis, A.
AU  - Wirthi, B. D.
AU  - Rhee, M.
T1  - Dislocation density-based constitutive model for the mechanical behaviour of irradiated Cu.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3617
EP  - 3635
SN  - 14786435
AB  - Performance degradation of structural steels in nuclear environments results from the formation of a high number density of nanometre-scale defects. The defects observed in copper-based alloys are composed of vacancy clusters in the form of stacking fault tetrahedra and/or prismatic dislocation loops that impede the motion of dislocations. The mechanical behaviour of irradiated copper alloys exhibits increased yield strength, decreased total strain to failure and decreased work hardening as compared lo their unirradiated behaviour. Above certain critical defect concentrations (neutron doses), the mechanical behaviour exhibits distinct upper yield points. In this paper, we describe the formulation of an internal state variable model for the mechanical behaviour of such materials subject to these (irradiation) environments. This model has been developed within a multiseale materials-modelling framework, in which molecular dynamics simulations of dislocation radiation defect interactions inform the final coarse-grained continuum model. The plasticity model includes mechanisms for dislocation density growth and multiplication and for irradiation defect density evolution with dislocation interaction. The general behaviour of the constitutive (homogeneous material point) model shows that as the defect density increases, the initial yield point increases and the initial strain hardening decreases. The final coarse-grained model is implemented into a finite element framework and used lo simulate the behaviour of tensile specimens with varying levels of irradiation-induced material damage. The simulation results compare favourably with the experimentally observed mechanical behaviour of irradiated materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - PHYSICAL metallurgy
KW  - COPPER
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - METALS
N1  - Accession Number: 15538476; Arsenllis, A. 1; Email Address: arsenlis@llnl.gov Wirthi, B. D. 2 Rhee, M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. P.O. Box 808, L-371. Livermore, California 94550, USA  2: Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California. Berkeley, California. USA; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 34, p3617; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: PHYSICAL metallurgy; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: METALS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hann, K.
AU  - Wal-Sh, R. P.
AU  - Ishmaku, A.
AU  - Toplosky, V.
AU  - Brandaoj, L.
AU  - Emuury, J. D.
T1  - High strength and high electrical conductivity bulk Cu.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/12//12/1/2004
VL  - 84
IS  - 34
M3  - Article
SP  - 3705
EP  - 3716
SN  - 14786435
AB  - The achievement of both high strength and high electrical conductivity in bulk materials is challenging in the development of multifunctional materials, because the majority of the strengthening methods reduce the electrical conductivity of the materials significantly. At room temperature, dislocations have little scattering effect on conduction electrons. Thus, a high density of dislocations can strengthen conductors without significantly increasing the resistivity. However, at room temperature (RT). which is defined as 295±2 K in this paper, deformation can only introduce a limited number of dislocations in pure metals due to dislocation annihilation, i.e. recovery. This limitation is expanded by a well-controlled liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT). which is defined as 77 ±0.5 K in this paper, deformation process that permits accumulation of both nanotwins and a high density of dislocations accompanied by significantly less recovery than that in RT-deformed samples. The dislocations are organized into relined dislocation cells, with thicker cell boundaries in LNT-deformed samples than those deformed at RT. LNT deformation stores more energy in the material than RT deformation. LNT deformation produces bulk pure Cu with a yield strength about 1.5 times that of RT-deformed Cu. The RT resistivity increase is less than 5% compared with that of annealed Cu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15538516; Hann, K. 1; Email Address: han@magnet.fsu.edu. Wal-Sh, R. P. 1 Ishmaku, A. 1 Toplosky, V. 1 Brandaoj, L. 2 Emuury, J. D. 3; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee. FL 32310. USA  2: Institiito Militar de Engenharia. 22270-290 Rio de Janeiro. RJ. Brazil  3: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, MeMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Source Info: 12/1/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 34, p3705; Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doucette, Pete
AU  - Agouris, Peggy
AU  - Stefanidis, Anthony
T1  - Automated Road Extraction from High Resolution Multispectral Imagery.
JO  - Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing
JF  - Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 70
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1405
EP  - 1416
SN  - 00991112
AB  - This work presents a novel methodology for fully automated road centerline extraction that exploits spectral content from high resolution multispectral images. Preliminary detection of candidate road centerline components is performed with Anti-parallel-edge Centerline Extraction (ACE). This is followed by constructing a road vector topology with a fuzzy grouping model that links nodes from a self-organized mapping of the ACE components. Following topology construction, a Self-Supervised Road Classification (SSRC) feedback loop is implemented to automate the process of training sample selection and refinement for a road class, as well as deriving practical spectral definitions for non-road classes. SSRC demonstrates a potential to provide dramatic improvement in road extraction results by exploiting spectral content. Road centerline extraction results are presented for three 1 m color-infrared suburban scenes which show significant improvement following SSRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Automation
KW  - Roads -- Design & construction
KW  - Linear algebras
KW  - Topology
KW  - Photogrammetry
N1  - Accession Number: 17517295; Doucette, Pete 1; Email Address: peter.doucette@pnl.gov; Agouris, Peggy 2; Stefanidis, Anthony 2; Affiliations: 1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1529 W. Sequim Bay Road, Sequim, WA 98382.; 2: Department of Spatial Information Science & Engineering, National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, University of Maine, 348 Boardman Hall, Orono, ME 04469-5711, PNNL-SA-41582.; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 70 Issue 12, p1405; Thesaurus Term: Transportation; Thesaurus Term: Automation; Subject Term: Roads -- Design & construction; Subject Term: Linear algebras; Subject Term: Topology; Subject Term: Photogrammetry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237310 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 488990 Other support activities for transportation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yochelis, Arik
AU  - Elphick, Christian
AU  - Hagberg, Aric
AU  - Meron, Ehud
T1  - Two-phase resonant patterns in forced oscillatory systems: boundaries, mechanisms and forms
JO  - Physica D
JF  - Physica D
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 199
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 201
EP  - 222
SN  - 01672789
AB  - Abstract: We use the forced complex Ginzburg–Landau (CGL) equation to study resonance in oscillatory systems periodically forced at approximately twice the natural oscillation frequency. The CGL equation has both resonant spatially uniform solutions and resonant two-phase standing-wave pattern solutions such as stripes or labyrinths. The spatially uniform solutions form a tongue-shaped region in the parameter plane of the forcing amplitude and frequency. But the parameter range of resonant standing-wave patterns does not coincide with the tongue of spatially uniform oscillations. On one side of the tongue the boundary of resonant patterns is inside the tongue and is formed by the nonequilibrium Ising Bloch bifurcation and the instability to traveling waves. On the other side of the tongue the resonant patterns extend outside the tongue forming a parameter region in which standing-wave patterns are resonant but uniform oscillations are not. The standing-wave patterns in that region appear similar to those inside the tongue but the mechanism of their formation is different. The formation mechanism is studied using a weakly nonlinear analysis near a Hopf–Turing bifurcation. The analysis also gives the existence and stability regions of the standing-wave patterns outside the resonant tongue. The analysis is supported by numerical solutions of the forced complex Ginzburg–Landau equation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica D is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
KW  - OSCILLATIONS
KW  - VIBRATION (Mechanics)
KW  - RESONANCE
KW  - Forced oscillatory system
KW  - Ginzburg–Landau equation
KW  - Resonant pattern
N1  - Accession Number: 19273710; Yochelis, Arik 1; Email Address: yochelis@bgumail.bgu.ac.il Elphick, Christian 2; Email Address: lelphick@vtr.net Hagberg, Aric 3; Email Address: hagberg@lanl.gov Meron, Ehud 1,4; Email Address: ehud@bgumail.bgu.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel  2: Centro de Fisica No Lineal y Sistemas Complejos de Santiago, Casilla 17122, Santiago, Chile  3: Mathematical Modeling and Analysis, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Department of Solar Energy and Environmental Physics, BIDR, Ben Gurion University, Sede Boker Campus 84990, Israel; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 199 Issue 1/2, p201; Subject Term: FLUCTUATIONS (Physics); Subject Term: OSCILLATIONS; Subject Term: VIBRATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: RESONANCE; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forced oscillatory system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ginzburg–Landau equation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Resonant pattern; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physd.2004.08.015
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, T.
AU  - Van Sciver, S. W.
T1  - Use of the particle image velocimetry technique to study the propagation of second sound shock in superfluid helium.
JO  - Physics of Fluids
JF  - Physics of Fluids
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 16
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - L99
EP  - L102
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 10706631
AB  - Transient counterflow velocity fields induced by second sound shock in helium II have been measured using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The arrival of the shock front, passage of the shock tail, and onset of heat diffusion are clearly visualized as velocity profiles of suspended micron-size particles. Measured particle velocities are compared to calculated normal fluid velocities. Other observations include a critical energy flux for the onset of quantum turbulence and random motion of particles behind the shock. These results indicate that PIV may be a useful tool in the study of second sound and superfluid turbulence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Fluids is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SUPERFLUIDITY
KW  - PARTICLE image velocimetry
KW  - LIQUID helium
KW  - TURBULENCE
KW  - FLUIDS
KW  - DIFFUSION
N1  - Accession Number: 15091046; Zhang, T. 1 Van Sciver, S. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 16 Issue 12, pL99; Subject Term: SUPERFLUIDITY; Subject Term: PARTICLE image velocimetry; Subject Term: LIQUID helium; Subject Term: TURBULENCE; Subject Term: FLUIDS; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1810491
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hesse, Michael
AU  - Kuznetsova, Masha
AU  - Birn, Joachim
T1  - The role of electron heat flux in guide-field magnetic reconnection.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5387
EP  - 5397
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A combination of analytical theory and particle-in-cell simulations are employed in order to investigate the electron dynamics near and at the site of guide field magnetic reconnection. A detailed analysis of the contributions to the reconnection electric field shows that both bulk inertia and pressure-based quasiviscous processes are important for the electrons. Analytic scaling demonstrates that conventional approximations for the electron pressure tensor behavior in the dissipation region fail, and that heat flux contributions need to be accounted for. Based on the evolution equation of the heat flux three tensor, which is derived in this paper, an approximate form of the relevant heat flux contributions to the pressure tensor is developed, which reproduces the numerical modeling result reasonably well. Based on this approximation, it is possible to develop a scaling of the electron current layer in the central dissipation region. It is shown that the pressure tensor contributions become important at the scale length defined by the electron Larmor radius in the guide magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIC reconnection
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
N1  - Accession Number: 15226137; Hesse, Michael 1 Kuznetsova, Masha 1 Birn, Joachim 2; Affiliation:  1: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 11 Issue 12, p5387; Subject Term: MAGNETIC reconnection; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1795991
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226137&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Belikov, V. S.
AU  - Kolesnichenko, Ya. I.
AU  - White, R. B.
T1  - On the stabilization of fast magnetoacoustic waves by toroidally trapped energetic ions.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5409
EP  - 5412
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - A theory of the trapped-particle-driven fast magnetoacoustic instability with the frequency below the ion gyrofrequency in toroidal plasmas is developed. It is shown that the l=0 resonance (where l is the number of the cyclotron harmonic), which was ignored in previous theories, typically has a strong stabilizing influence on the instability. It is concluded that the fast magnetoacoustic instability observed in the National Spherical Torus Experiment [E. Fredrickson, N. N. Gorelenkev, C. Z. Cheng et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 145001 (2001)] is caused by the circulating energetic ions only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - CYCLOTRON waves
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
N1  - Accession Number: 15226133; Belikov, V. S. 1 Kolesnichenko, Ya. I. 1 White, R. B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research, Prospect Nauky 47, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 11 Issue 12, p5409; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: CYCLOTRON waves; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809121
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226133&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fesenyuk, O. P.
AU  - Kolesnichenko, Ya. I.
AU  - Lutsenko, V. V.
AU  - White, R. B.
AU  - Yakovenko, Yu. V.
T1  - Alfvén continuum and Alfvén eigenmodes in the National Compact Stellarator Experiment.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5444
EP  - 5451
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - The Alfvén continuum (AC) in the National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) [G. H. Neilson et al., in Fusion Energy 2002, 19th Conference Proceedings, Lyon, 2002 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2003), Report IAEA-CN-94/IC-1] is investigated with the AC code COBRA [Ya. I. Kolesnichenko et al., Phys. Plasmas 8, 491 (2001)]. The resonant interaction of Alfvén eigenmodes and the fast ions produced by neutral beam injection is analyzed. Alfvén eigenmodes residing in one of the widest gap of the NCSX AC, the ellipticity-induced gap, are studied with the code BOA-E [V. V. Lutsenko et al., in Fusion Energy 2002, 19th Conference Proceedings, Lyon, 2002 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2003), Report IAEA-CN-94-TH/P3-16]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STELLARATORS
KW  - NEUTRAL beams
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15226128; Fesenyuk, O. P. 1 Kolesnichenko, Ya. I. 1 Lutsenko, V. V. 1 White, R. B. 2; Email Address: rwhite@pppl.gov Yakovenko, Yu. V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Nuclear Research, Prospekt Nauky 47, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine.  2: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.  3: Institute for Nuclear Research, Prospekt Nauky 47; Kyiv 03680, Ukraine.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 11 Issue 12, p5444; Subject Term: STELLARATORS; Subject Term: NEUTRAL beams; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1806136
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226128&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miles, A. R.
AU  - Edwards, M. J.
AU  - Blue, B.
AU  - Hansen, J. F.
AU  - Robey, H. F.
AU  - Drake, R. P.
AU  - Kuranz, C.
AU  - Leibrandt, D. R.
T1  - The effect of a short-wavelength mode on the evolution of a long-wavelength perturbation driven by a strong blast wave.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5507
EP  - 5519
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Shock-accelerated material interfaces are potentially unstable to both the Richtmyer–Meshkov and Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instabilities. Shear that develops along with these instabilities in turn drives the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. When driven by strong shocks, the evolution and interaction of these instabilities is further complicated by compressibility effects. This paper details a computational study of the formation of jets at strongly driven hydrodynamically unstable interfaces, and the interaction of these jets with one another and with developing spikes and bubbles. This provides a nonlinear spike-spike and spike-bubble interaction mechanism that can have a significant impact on the large-scale characteristics of the mixing layer. These interactions result in sensitivity to the initial perturbation spectrum, including the relative phases of the various modes, that persists long into the nonlinear phase of instability evolution. Implications for instability growth rates, the bubble merger process, and the degree of mix in the layer are described. Results from relevant deceleration RT experiments, performed on OMEGA [J. M. Soures et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 2108 (1996)], are shown to demonstrate some of these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEAR (Mechanics)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - FLUIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 15226120; Miles, A. R. 1,2; Email Address: miles15@llnl.gov Edwards, M. J. 1 Blue, B. 1 Hansen, J. F. 1 Robey, H. F. 1 Drake, R. P. 3 Kuranz, C. 3 Leibrandt, D. R. 3; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  2: University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20741.  3: University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 11 Issue 12, p5507; Subject Term: SHEAR (Mechanics); Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: FLUIDS; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812758
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226120&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meezan, N. B.
AU  - Divol, L.
AU  - Marinak, M. M.
AU  - Kerbel, G. D.
AU  - Suter, L. J.
AU  - Stevenson, R. M.
AU  - Slark, G. E.
AU  - Oades, K.
T1  - Hydrodynamics simulations of 2ω laser propagation in underdense gasbag plasmas.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5573
EP  - 5579
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - Recent 2ω laser propagation and stimulated Raman backscatter (SRS) experiments performed on the Helen laser have been analyzed using the radiation-hydrodynamics code HYDRA [M. M. Marinak, G. D. Kerbel, N. A. Gentile, O. Jones, D. Munro, S. Pollaine, T. R. Dittrich, and S. W. Haan, Phys. Plasmas 8, 2275 (2001)]. These experiments utilized two diagnostics sensitive to the hydrodynamics of gasbag targets: a fast x-ray framing camera (FXI) and a SRS streak spectrometer. With a newly implemented nonlocal thermal transport model, HYDRA is able to reproduce many features seen in the FXI images and the SRS streak spectra. Experimental and simulated side-on FXI images suggest that propagation can be explained by classical laser absorption and the resulting hydrodynamics. Synthetic SRS spectra generated from the HYDRA results reproduce the details of the experimental SRS streak spectra. Most features in the synthetic spectra can be explained solely by axial density and temperature gradients. The total SRS backscatter increases with initial gasbag fill density up to ≈0.08 times the critical density, then decreases. Data from a near-backscatter imaging camera show that severe beam spray is not responsible for the trend in total backscatter. Filamentation does not appear to be a significant factor in gasbag hydrodynamics. The simulation and analysis techniques established here can be used in ongoing experimental campaigns on the Omega laser facility and the National Ignition Facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - FRAMING cameras
N1  - Accession Number: 15226113; Meezan, N. B. 1; Email Address: meezan1@llnl.gov Divol, L. 1 Marinak, M. M. 1 Kerbel, G. D. 1 Suter, L. J. 1 Stevenson, R. M. 2 Slark, G. E. 2 Oades, K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808.  2: Atomic Weapons Establishment, plc., Aldermaston, Berkshire, United Kingdom.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 11 Issue 12, p5573; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: FRAMING cameras; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1806476
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226113&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grisham, L. R.
T1  - Moderate energy ions for high energy density physics experiments.
JO  - Physics of Plasmas
JF  - Physics of Plasmas
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5727
EP  - 5729
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 1070664X
AB  - This paper gives the results of a preliminary exploration of whether moderate energy ions (≈0.3–3 MeV/amu) could be useful as modest-cost drivers for high energy density physics experiments. It is found that if the target thickness is chosen so that the ion beam enters and then leaves the target in the vicinity of the peak of the dE/dX (stopping power) curve, high uniformity of energy deposition may be achievable while also maximizing the amount of energy per beam particle deposited within the target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Physics of Plasmas is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
N1  - Accession Number: 15226092; Grisham, L. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P. O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 11 Issue 12, p5727; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1806137
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226092&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Libby, Stephen B.
AU  - Weiss, Morton S.
T1  - Clarifying Teller's Science Story.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 57
IS  - 12
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 17
EP  - 17
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents a correction to an article about Edward Teller's scientific life that was previously published in the August 2004 issue of "Physics Today."
KW  - SCIENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 15209946; Libby, Stephen B. Weiss, Morton S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 57 Issue 12, p17; Subject Term: SCIENCE; Number of Pages: 1/3p; Document Type: Correction notice; Full Text Word Count: 307
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crabtree, George W.
AU  - Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
AU  - Buchanan, Michelle V.
T1  - The Hydrogen Economy.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 57
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 39
EP  - 44
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Discusses the research and development of a hydrogen-based energy system that can supply energy in quantities and at cost competitive with fossil fuels.  Release of energy by hydrogen; Estimation by the U.S. Department of Energy on the volume of hydrogen required for cars and trucks powered by fuel cells by 2040; Benefits of stored hydrogen to energy production and consumption; Compatibility of hydrogen with fuel cells; Performance problems to be solved before hydrogen in fuel cells can compete with gasoline.
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - RESEARCH
KW  - FOSSIL fuels
KW  - FUEL cells
KW  - GASOLINE
N1  - Accession Number: 15210897; Crabtree, George W. 1 Dresselhaus, Mildred S. 2 Buchanan, Michelle V. 3; Affiliation:  1: Physicist in the materials science division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois  2: Massachusetts Institute of Technology  3: Chemist in the chemical sciences division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 57 Issue 12, p39; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: FOSSIL fuels; Subject Term: FUEL cells; Subject Term: GASOLINE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 412110 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 5256
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Holian, Brad Lee
T1  - Is There Really a Cowboy Culture of Arrogance at Los Alamos?
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 57
IS  - 12
M3  - Editorial
SP  - 60
EP  - 61
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Discusses the culture at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in California.  Tasks performed at LANL; Accidents that occurred in the laboratory; Corruption committed by some officials at the laboratory.
KW  - CORPORATE culture
KW  - LABORATORIES -- Accidents
KW  - CORRUPTION
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - LOS Alamos National Laboratory
N1  - Accession Number: 15211059; Holian, Brad Lee 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical physicist, Los Alamos National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 57 Issue 12, p60; Subject Term: CORPORATE culture; Subject Term: LABORATORIES -- Accidents; Subject Term: CORRUPTION; Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; Company/Entity: LOS Alamos National Laboratory; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Editorial; Full Text Word Count: 1488
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
AU  - Pruvost, Norman L.
AU  - Stratton, William R.
T1  - Hugh Campbell Paxton.
JO  - Physics Today
JF  - Physics Today
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 57
IS  - 12
M3  - Obituary
SP  - 82
EP  - 83
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00319228
AB  - Presents an obituary for Hugh Campbell Paxton, former leader of the criticality group at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory.
KW  - PAXTON, Hugh Campbell
N1  - Accession Number: 15211665; Pruvost, Norman L. Stratton, William R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 57 Issue 12, p82; People: PAXTON, Hugh Campbell; Number of Pages: 2p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph; Document Type: Obituary; Full Text Word Count: 588
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Heilmann, Ingo
AU  - Mekhedov, Sergei
AU  - King, Barbara
AU  - Browse, John
AU  - Shanklin, John
T1  - Identification of the Arabidopsis Palmitoyl-Monogalactosyldiacyiglycerol Δ7-Desaturase Gene FAD5, and Effects of Plastidial Retargeting of Arabidopsis Desaturases on the fad5 Mutant Phenotype.
JO  - Plant Physiology
JF  - Plant Physiology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 136
IS  - 4
M3  - Article
SP  - 4237
EP  - 4245
SN  - 00320889
AB  - Hexadeca 7,10,13-trienoic acid (16:3Δ7,10,13) is one of the most abundant fatty acids in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and a functional component of thylakoid membranes, where it is found as an sn-2 ester of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. The Arabidopsis fad5 mutant lacks activity of the plastidial falmitoyl-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol Δ7-desaturase FAD5, and is characterized biochemically by the absence of 16:3Δ7,10,13 and physiologically by reduced chlorophyll content and a reduced recovery rate after photoinhibition. While the fad5 mutation has been mapped, the FAD5 gene was not unambiguously identified, and a formal functional characterization by complementation of fad5 mutant phenotypes has not been reported. Two candidate genes (At3g15850 and At3g15870) predicted to encode plastid-targeted desaturases at the fad5 chromosomal locus were cloned from fad5 plants and sequenced. A nonsense mutation changing codon TGG (Trp-98) into TGA (stop) was identified in At3g15850 (ADS3), whereas the fad5 At3g15870 allele was identical to wild type (after correction of a sequencing error in the published wild-type genomic At3g15870 sequence). Expression of a genomic clone or cDNA for wild-type At3g15850 conferred on fad5 plants the ability to synthesize 16:3Δ7,10,13 and restored leaf chlorophyll content. Arabidopsis carrying a T-DNA insertion in At3g15870 had wild-type levels of both 16:3Δ7,10,13 and chlorophyll. Together, these data formally prove that At3g15850 is FADS. Interestingly, the fad5 phenotype was partially complemented when extraplastidial Δ9- desaturases of the Arabidopsis desaturase (ADS) family were expressed as fusions with a plastidial transit peptide. Tight correlation between leaf 16:3Δ7,10,13 levels and chlorophyll content suggests a role for plastidial fatty acid desaturases in thylakoid formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Plant Physiology is the property of American Society of Plant Physiologists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLANT genetics
KW  - PLANT enzymes
KW  - ARABIDOPSIS thaliana
KW  - FATTY acids
KW  - CHLOROPHYLL
KW  - THYLAKOIDS
N1  - Accession Number: 15695848; Heilmann, Ingo 1 Mekhedov, Sergei 2 King, Barbara 3 Browse, John 3 Shanklin, John 1; Email Address: shanklin@bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973  2: Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824  3: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 136 Issue 4, p4237; Subject Term: PLANT genetics; Subject Term: PLANT enzymes; Subject Term: ARABIDOPSIS thaliana; Subject Term: FATTY acids; Subject Term: CHLOROPHYLL; Subject Term: THYLAKOIDS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1104/pp.104.052951
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15695848&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gasch, Audrey P.
AU  - Moses, Alan M.
AU  - Chiang, Derek Y.
AU  - Fraser, Hunter B.
AU  - Berardini, Mark
AU  - Eisen, Michael B.
T1  - Conservation and Evolution of Cis-Regulatory Systems in Ascomycete Fungi.
JO  - PLoS Biology
JF  - PLoS Biology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 2
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 2202
EP  - 2219
PB  - Public Library of Science
SN  - 15449173
AB  - Relatively little is known about the mechanisms through which gene expression regulation evolves. To investigate this, we systematically explored the conservation of regulatory networks in fungi by examining the cis-regulatory elements that govern the expression of coregulated genes. We first identified groups of coregulated Saccharomyces cerevisice genes enriched for genes with known upstream or downstream cis-regulatory sequences. Reasoning that many of these gene groups are coregulated in related species as well, we performed similar analyses on orthologs of coregulated S. cerevisiae genes in 13 other ascomycete species. We find that many species-specific gene groups are enriched for the same flanking regulatory sequences as those found in the orthologous gene groups from S. cerevisiae, indicating that those regulatory systems have been conserved in multiple ascomycete species. In addition to these clear cases of regulatory conservation, we find examples of cis-element evolution that suggest multiple modes of regulatory diversification, including alterations in transcription factor-binding specificity, incorporation of new gene targets into an existing regulatory system, and cooption of regulatory systems to control a different set of genes. We investigated one example in greater detail by measuring the in vitro activity of the S. cerevisiae transcription factor Rpn4p and its orthologs from Candida albicans and Neurospora crosso. Our results suggest that the DNA binding specificity of these proteins has coevolved with the sequences found upstream of the Rpn4p target genes and suggest that Rpn4p has a different function in N. crosso. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of PLoS Biology is the property of Public Library of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOMERASES
KW  - CISPLATIN
KW  - ISOTRETINOIN
KW  - GENES
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - NEUROSPORA crassa
N1  - Accession Number: 15366921; Gasch, Audrey P. 1; Email Address: agasch@wisc.edu Moses, Alan M. 2 Chiang, Derek Y. 3 Fraser, Hunter B. 3 Berardini, Mark 4 Eisen, Michael B. 3,5; Email Address: mbeisen@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Laboratory of Genetics and Genome Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.  2: Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.  3: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.  4: Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America.  5: Genome Sciences Department, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 2 Issue 12, p2202; Subject Term: ISOMERASES; Subject Term: CISPLATIN; Subject Term: ISOTRETINOIN; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: NEUROSPORA crassa; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020398
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nie, Huifen
AU  - Li, Minghai
AU  - Bansil, Rama
AU  - Koňák, Čestmír
AU  - Helmstedt, Martin
AU  - Lal, Jyotsana
T1  - Structure and dynamics of a pentablock copolymer of polystyrene-polybutadiene in a butadiene-selective solvent
JO  - Polymer
JF  - Polymer
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 45
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8791
EP  - 8799
SN  - 00323861
AB  - Abstract: We have examined solutions of a polystyrene-polybutadiene pentablock copolymer in n-heptane, a strongly selective solvent for polybutadiene. Small angle neutron scattering from 7 to 15% samples reveals domains about 10nm in radius formed by the association of ∼200 polystyrene blocks. Dynamic light scattering measurements on 8 and 9% samples showed three modes: a fast diffusive mode related to the collective diffusion in semidilute solutions/gels; a relaxational mode related to the local dynamics of polystyrene domains trapped in the gel formed by bridging the domains with the polybutadiene chains; and a very slow diffusive mode. The relaxational dynamics persisted over the entire temperature range, becoming faster with increasing temperature, indicating a decreased microviscosity at higher temperatures. The slow dynamics seems to be connected with heterogeneities in the physical gel due to microsyneresis and almost disappeared above 50°C. Macroscopic phase separation into two liquid phases was observed in a dilute solution of the un-associated copolymer, and into a liquid and gel phase at higher concentrations. The absence of flower-like micelles in dilute solutions and the macroscopic phase seperation suggest that the gels in the pentablock are formed by random association of multiplet domains and not by bridging of micellar domains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - POLYBUTADIENE
KW  - COPOLYMERS
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - MICELLES
KW  - Dynamic light scattering
KW  - Multiblock copolymer
KW  - Neutron scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 19273505; Nie, Huifen 1 Li, Minghai 1 Bansil, Rama 1; Email Address: rb@bu.edu Koňák, Čestmír 2 Helmstedt, Martin 3 Lal, Jyotsana 4; Affiliation:  1: Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA  2: Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic  3: Fakultät für Physik und Geowissenschaften, Universität Leipzig, Linnestrasse 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany  4: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 45 Issue 26, p8791; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: POLYBUTADIENE; Subject Term: COPOLYMERS; Subject Term: SOLVENTS; Subject Term: MICELLES; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dynamic light scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multiblock copolymer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - B.  Marion
AU  - S.  Rummel
AU  - A.  Anderberg
T1  - Current–voltage curve translation by bilinear interpolation.
JO  - Progress in Photovoltaics
JF  - Progress in Photovoltaics
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
M3  - Article
SP  - 593
EP  - 607
SN  - 10627995
AB  - By means of bilinear interpolation and four reference current–voltage (I–V) curves, an I–V curve of a photovoltaic (PV) module is translated to desired conditions of irradiance and PV module temperature. The four reference I–V curves are measured at two irradiance and two PV module temperature levels and contain all the essential PV module characteristic information for performing the bilinear interpolation. The interpolation is performed first with respect to open‐circuit voltage to account for PV module temperature, and second with respect to short‐circuit current to account for irradiance. The translation results over a wide range of irradiances and PV module temperatures agree closely with measured values for a group of PV modules representing seven different technologies. Root‐mean‐square errors were 1·5% or less for the I–V curve parameters of maximum power, voltage at maximum power, current at maximum power, short‐circuit current, and open‐circuit voltage. The translation is applicable for determining the performance of a PV module for a specified test condition, or for PV system performance modeling. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Photovoltaics is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Electric potential
KW  - Curves
KW  - Translating & interpreting
KW  - Interpolation
N1  - Accession Number: 20649997; B.  Marion 1; S.  Rummel 1; A.  Anderberg 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden CO 80401, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 12 Issue 8, p593; Subject Term: Electric potential; Subject Term: Curves; Subject Term: Translating & interpreting; Subject Term: Interpolation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541930 Translation and Interpretation Services; Number of Pages: 15p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fenter, Paul
AU  - Sturchio, Neil C.
T1  - Mineral–water interfacial structures revealed by synchrotron X-ray scattering
JO  - Progress in Surface Science
JF  - Progress in Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 77
IS  - 5-8
M3  - Article
SP  - 171
EP  - 258
SN  - 00796816
AB  - Abstract: Chemical reactions occurring at the mineral–water interface are controlled by an interfacial layer, nanometers thick, whose properties may deviate from those of the respective bulk mineral and water phases. The molecular-scale structure of this interfacial layer, however, is poorly constrained, and correlations between macroscopic phenomena and molecular-scale processes remain speculative. The application of high-resolution X-ray scattering techniques has begun to provide substantial new insights into the molecular-scale structure of the mineral–water interface. In this review, we describe the characteristics of synchrotron-based X-ray scattering techniques that make them uniquely powerful probes of mineral–water interfacial structures and discuss the new insights that have been derived from their application. In particular, we focus on efforts to understand the structure and distribution of interfacial water as well as their dependence on substrate properties for major mineral classes including oxides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, silicates, halides and chromates. We compare these X-ray scattering results with those from other structural and spectroscopic techniques and integrate these to provide a conceptual framework upon which to base an understanding of the systematic variation of mineral–water interfacial structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Progress in Surface Science is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - INTERFACES (Physical sciences)
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - Crystal truncation rod
KW  - Interfacial water
KW  - Mineral–water interface
KW  - Solid–liquid interface
KW  - Surface relaxation
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Water
KW  - X-ray reflectivity
N1  - Accession Number: 17431666; Fenter, Paul 1; Email Address: fenter@anl.gov Sturchio, Neil C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, ER-203, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 77 Issue 5-8, p171; Subject Term: INTERFACES (Physical sciences); Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal truncation rod; Author-Supplied Keyword: Interfacial water; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mineral–water interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–liquid interface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray reflectivity; Number of Pages: 88p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.progsurf.2004.12.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hamada, M.
AU  - Martz, H.F.
AU  - Reese, C.S.
AU  - Graves, T.
AU  - Johnson, V.
AU  - Wilson, A.G.
T1  - A fully Bayesian approach for combining multilevel failure information in fault tree quantification and optimal follow-on resource allocation
JO  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
JF  - Reliability Engineering & System Safety
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 86
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 305
SN  - 09518320
AB  - This paper presents a fully Bayesian approach that simultaneously combines non-overlapping (in time) basic event and higher-level event failure data in fault tree quantification. Such higher-level data often correspond to train, subsystem or system failure events. The fully Bayesian approach also automatically propagates the highest-level data to lower levels in the fault tree. A simple example illustrates our approach. The optimal allocation of resources for collecting additional data from a choice of different level events is also presented. The optimization is achieved using a genetic algorithm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BAYESIAN analysis
KW  - STATISTICAL decision making
KW  - PROBABILITY theory
KW  - SYSTEM failures (Engineering)
KW  - RELIABILITY (Engineering)
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - COMBINATORIAL optimization
KW  - Genetic algorithm
KW  - Information gain
KW  - Markov chain Monte Carlo
N1  - Accession Number: 14187082; Hamada, M. 1; Email Address: hamada@lanl.gov Martz, H.F. 1 Reese, C.S. 2 Graves, T. 1 Johnson, V. 3 Wilson, A.G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Group D-1, MS F600, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Department of Statistics, 230 TMCB, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA  3: School of Public Health, Building II, 1420 Washington Heights, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 86 Issue 3, p297; Subject Term: BAYESIAN analysis; Subject Term: STATISTICAL decision making; Subject Term: PROBABILITY theory; Subject Term: SYSTEM failures (Engineering); Subject Term: RELIABILITY (Engineering); Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: COMBINATORIAL optimization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Information gain; Author-Supplied Keyword: Markov chain Monte Carlo; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ress.2004.02.001
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Crumbling, Deana M.
AU  - Hayworth, Joel S.
AU  - Johnson, Robert L.
AU  - Moore, Marlene
T1  - The Triad approach: A catalyst for maturing remediation practice.
JO  - Remediation Journal
JF  - Remediation Journal
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 3
EP  - 19
SN  - 10515658
AB  - Many individual scientific and technical disciplines contribute to the multidisciplinary field of remediation science and practice. Because of the relative youth of this enterprise, disciplinary interests sometimes compete and conflict with the primary goal of achieving protective, cost-effective, efficient projects. Convergence of viewpoints toward a more mature, common vision is needed. In addition, cleanup programs are changing under the influence of Brownfields initiatives and the needs of environmental insurance underwriters. Investigations and cleanups increasingly need to be affordable, yet transparent and defensible. Disciplinary goals and terminology need to better reflect real-world site conditions while being more supportive of project needs. Yet, technical considerations alone will not ensure project success; better integration of human factors into project management is also required. The Triad approach is well placed to catalyze maturation of the remediation field because it emphasizes (1) a central theme of managing decision uncertainty; (2) unambiguous technical communications; (3) shortened project life-cycles and multidisciplinary interactions that rapidly build professional expertise and provide feedback to test and perfect programmatic and field practices; and (4) concepts from 'softer' sciences (such as economics, cognitive psychology, and decision theory) to capture important human factors. Triad pushes the cleanup industry toward an integrated, practical, second-generation paradigm that can successfully manage the complexities of today's cleanup projects. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Remediation Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 69708674; Crumbling, Deana M. 1; Hayworth, Joel S. 2; Johnson, Robert L. 3; Moore, Marlene 4; Affiliations: 1: US EPA; 2: Hayworth Engineering Science, Inc.; 3: Argonne National Laboratory; 4: No affiliation; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p3; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/rem.20029
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, Robert L.
AU  - Durham, Lisa A.
AU  - Rieman, Craig R.
AU  - Hummel, Janna E.
T1  - Triad case study: Rattlesnake Creek.
JO  - Remediation Journal
JF  - Remediation Journal
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 69
EP  - 77
SN  - 10515658
AB  - The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (US ACE) is responsible for conducting the cleanup of radiological contaminated properties as part of the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program. One property is the Rattlesnake Creek (RSC) portion of the Ashland sites. The RSC stream sediments are contaminated with thorium-230, radium-226, and uranium. The US ACE is closing RSC using protocols contained within the Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual (MARSSIM). At RSC, the US ACE developed site-specific derived concentration guideline level (DCGL) cleanup requirements consistent with the MARSSIM guidance. Because of uncertainty about the distribution of contamination within the creek, the US ACE used the Triad approach to collect data and design remedial actions. Systematic planning helped target the areas of concern, develop a conceptual site model, and identify data gaps to be addressed before remediation plans were finalized. Preremediation sampling and analysis plans were designed to be explicitly consistent with final status survey requirements, allowing data sets to support both excavation planning needs and closure requirements in areas where contamination was not encountered above DCGL standards. Judicious use of real- time technologies such as X-ray fluorescence and gamma walkover surveys minimized expensive off- site alpha spectrometry analyses, and at the same time provided the ability to respond to unexpected field conditions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Remediation Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 69708678; Johnson, Robert L. 1; Durham, Lisa A. 1; Rieman, Craig R. 2; Hummel, Janna E. 2,3; Affiliations: 1: Argonne National Laboratory; 2: Buffalo District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; 3: Rattlesnake Creek FUSRAP project; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p69; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/rem.20033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sink, Claire H.
AU  - Adams, Karen M.
AU  - Looney, Brian B.
AU  - Vangelas, Karen M.
AU  - Cutshall, Norman H.
T1  - Accelerating environmental cleanup at DOE sites: Monitored natural attenuation/enhanced attenuation-A basis for a new paradigm.
JO  - Remediation Journal
JF  - Remediation Journal
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 89
EP  - 98
SN  - 10515658
AB  - The U.S. Department of Energy is conducting a project to accelerate remediation through the use of monitored natural attenuation and enhanced attenuation for chlorinated ethenes in soils and groundwater. Better monitoring practices, improved scientific understanding, and an advanced regulatory framework are being sought through a team effort that engages technology developers from academia, private industry, and government laboratories; site cleanup managers; stakeholders; and federal and state regulators. The team works collaboratively toward the common goals of reducing risk, accelerating cleanup, reducing cost, and minimizing environmental disruption. Cutting-edge scientific advances are being combined with experience and sound environmental engineering in a broadly integrated and comprehensive approach that exemplifies socalled 'third-generation R&D.' The project is potentially a model for other cleanup activities. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Remediation Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 69708682; Sink, Claire H. 1; Adams, Karen M. 1; Looney, Brian B. 2; Vangelas, Karen M. 2; Cutshall, Norman H. 3; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); 2: Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL); 3: No affiliation; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p89; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/rem.20035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McGuire, Travis M.
AU  - Newell, Charles J.
AU  - Looney, Brian B.
AU  - Vangelas, Karen M.
AU  - Sink, Claire H.
T1  - Historical analysis of monitored natural attenuation: A survey of 191 chlorinated solvent sites and 45 solvent plumes.
JO  - Remediation Journal
JF  - Remediation Journal
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
EP  - 112
SN  - 10515658
AB  - A survey of experts in the application of natural attenuation was conducted to better understand how monitored natural attenuation (MNA) is being applied at chlorinated solvent sites. Thirty-four remediation professionals provided general information for 191 sites where MNA was evaluated, and site-specific data for 45 chlorinated solvent plumes being remediated by MNA. Respondents indicated that MNA was precluded as a remedy at only 23 percent of all sites where evaluated as a remedial option. Leading factors excluding MNA as a remedial approach were the presence of an expanding plume and an unreasonably long estimated remediation time frame. MNA is being used as the sole remedy at about 30 percent of the sites, and 33 percent are implementing MNA in conjunction with source zone remediation. The remaining sites are implementing MNA with plume remediation (13 percent), source containment (9 percent), or some other strategy (16 percent). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Remediation Journal is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
N1  - Accession Number: 69708675; McGuire, Travis M. 1; Newell, Charles J. 1; Looney, Brian B. 2; Vangelas, Karen M. 2; Sink, Claire H. 3; Affiliations: 1: Groundwater Services, Inc.; 2: Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL); 3: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p99; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1002/rem.20036
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gates, D. A.
AU  - Menard, J. E.
AU  - Marsala, R. J.
T1  - Vessel eddy current measurement for the National Spherical Torus Experiment.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 75
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5090
EP  - 5093
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A simple analog circuit that measures the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) axisymmetric eddy current distribution has been designed and constructed. It is based on simple circuit model of the NSTX vacuum vessel that was calibrated using a special axisymmetric eddy current code which was written so that accuracy was maintained in the vicinity of the current filaments [J. Menard, J. Fusion Tech. (to be published)]. The measurement and the model have been benchmarked against data from numerous vacuum shots and they are in excellent agreement. This is an important measurement that helps give more accurate equilibrium reconstructions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - METAL fibers
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges through gases
KW  - ULTRAHIGH vacuum
N1  - Accession Number: 15244460; Gates, D. A. 1; Email Address: dgates@pppl.gov Menard, J. E. 1 Marsala, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 75 Issue 12, p5090; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: METAL fibers; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges through gases; Subject Term: ULTRAHIGH vacuum; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1813091
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244460&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiyong Zhao
AU  - Guoyin Shen
AU  - Sturhahn, Wolfgang
AU  - Alp, E. Ercan
T1  - Highly efficient gaseous sample loading technique for diamond anvil cells.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 75
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5149
EP  - 5151
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A clean and highly efficient technique has been developed to load diamond anvil cells (DACs) using a small amount of gaseous samples. The loading process consists of two steps. First, gas is condensed on a designated cold surface in a pre-evacuated system; second, the solidified sample is loaded into a DAC at liquid-nitrogen temperature. A hundred milliliters of gas at ambient condition is typically required to produce a solidified sample. The use of solid sample material for DAC loading is beneficial to a clean loading process. We demonstrated this technique by loading isotopically enriched (99.925%-83Kr) krypton into a DAC. 200 ml of this rare and expensive gas were solidified with 99.6% efficiency and almost completely recovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - SOLIDIFICATION
KW  - GASES
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - KRYPTON
N1  - Accession Number: 15244449; Jiyong Zhao 1; Email Address: jzhao@anl.gov Guoyin Shen 2 Sturhahn, Wolfgang 1 Alp, E. Ercan 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Consortium for Advanced Radiation Source, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 75 Issue 12, p5149; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: SOLIDIFICATION; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: KRYPTON; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1813111
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jovanovic, Igor
AU  - Brown, Curtis
AU  - Wattellier, Benoit
AU  - Nielsen, Norman
AU  - Molander, William
AU  - Stuart, Brent
AU  - Pennington, Deanna
AU  - Barty, C. P. J.
T1  - Precision short-pulse damage test station utilizing optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 75
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5193
EP  - 5202
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - The next generation of high-energy petawatt (HEPW)-class lasers will utilize multilayer dielectric diffraction gratings for pulse compression, due to their high efficiency and high damage threshold for picosecond pulses. The peak power of HEPW lasers will be determined by the aperture and damage threshold of the final dielectric grating in the pulse compressor and final focusing optics. We have developed a short-pulse damage test station for accurate determination of the damage threshold of the optics used on future HEPW lasers. Our damage test station is based on a highly stable, high-beam-quality optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier (OPCPA) operating at 1053 nm at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. We present the design of our OPCPA system pumped by a commercial Q-switched pump laser and the results of the full system characterization. Initial short-pulse damage experiments in the far field using our system have been performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - LIGHT amplifiers
KW  - LIGHT sources
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - DIFFRACTION gratings
N1  - Accession Number: 15244442; Jovanovic, Igor 1; Email Address: jovanovic1@llnl.gov Brown, Curtis 1 Wattellier, Benoit 1 Nielsen, Norman 1 Molander, William 1 Stuart, Brent 1 Pennington, Deanna 1 Barty, C. P. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: National Ignition Facility Programs, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mail Code L-470, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 75 Issue 12, p5193; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: LIGHT amplifiers; Subject Term: LIGHT sources; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: DIFFRACTION gratings; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1819382
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fulton, John L.
AU  - Yongsheng Chen
AU  - Heald, Steve M.
AU  - Balasubramanian, Mahalingam
T1  - High-pressure, high-temperature x-ray absorption fine structure transmission cell for the study of aqueous ions with low absorption-edge energies.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 75
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5228
EP  - 5231
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We describe a method to acquire x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra of low-Z atoms dissolved in high-pressure liquids and supercritical fluids. The method is applicable to energies at and below the Ca K edge (4038.5 eV). The cell design incorporates 25-μm-thick×700 μm diameter diamond x-ray windows in a Poulter-type seal geometry. X-ray focusing mirrors were used to reduce both the horizontal and vertical beam size to about 200 μm so that the incident beam would pass cleanly through the 300 μm aperture of the cell. Pathlengths in the range from 50 to 1000 μm can be selected with appropriate spacers. The maximum operating conditions of the flow-through cell design are 500 °C and 1 kbar. We show that only a relatively small number of XAFS scans are required to generate high signal-to-noise ratio spectra for a supercritical water solution (400 °C) containing 1 m CaCl2 using a bending-magnet beamline (20-BM, PNC-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - SUPERCRITICAL fluids
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - PERMEABILITY
KW  - GEOMETRY
N1  - Accession Number: 15244436; Fulton, John L. 1; Email Address: john.fulton@pnl.gov Yongsheng Chen 1 Heald, Steve M. 1 Balasubramanian, Mahalingam 2; Affiliation:  1: Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352  2: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 75 Issue 12, p5228; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: SUPERCRITICAL fluids; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: PERMEABILITY; Subject Term: GEOMETRY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1813131
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Farnan, Ian
AU  - Cho, Herman
AU  - Weber, William J.
AU  - Scheele, Randall D.
AU  - Johnson, Nigel R.
AU  - Kozelisky, Anne E.
T1  - High-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on highly radioactive ceramics.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 75
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5232
EP  - 5236
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - A triple-containment magic-angle spinning rotor insert system has been developed and a sample handling procedure formulated for safely analyzing highly radioactive solids by high-resolution solid-state NMR. The protocol and containment system have been demonstrated for magic-angle spinning (MAS) experiments on ceramic samples containing 5–10 wt % 239Pu and 238Pu at rotation speeds of 3500 Hz. The technique has been used to demonstrate that MAS NMR experiments can be used to measure amorphous atomic number fractions produced by accelerated internal radiation damage. This will allow incorporated α-emitters with short half-lives to be used to model the long-term radiation tolerance of potential ceramic radioactive waste forms. This is an example of MAS NMR spectroscopy on samples containing fissionable isotopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE substances
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - RADIOACTIVE wastes
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - ISOTOPES
N1  - Accession Number: 15244435; Farnan, Ian 1 Cho, Herman 2 Weber, William J. 2 Scheele, Randall D. 2 Johnson, Nigel R. 1 Kozelisky, Anne E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 75 Issue 12, p5232; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE substances; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE wastes; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562210 Waste treatment and disposal; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818512
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244435&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mumm, H. P.
AU  - Garcia, A.
AU  - Grout, L.
AU  - Howe, M.
AU  - Parazzoli, L. P.
AU  - Robertson, R. G. H.
AU  - Sundqvist, K. M.
AU  - Wilkerson, J. F.
AU  - Freedman, S. J.
AU  - Fujikawa, B. K.
AU  - Lising, L. J.
AU  - Dewey, M. S.
AU  - Nico, J. S.
AU  - Thompson, A. K.
AU  - Chupp, T. E.
AU  - Cooper, R. L.
AU  - Coulter, K. P.
AU  - Hwang, S. R.
AU  - Welsh, R. C.
AU  - Broussard, L. J.
T1  - emiT: An apparatus to test time reversal invariance in polarized neutron decay.
JO  - Review of Scientific Instruments
JF  - Review of Scientific Instruments
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 75
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 5343
EP  - 5355
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00346748
AB  - We describe an apparatus used to measure the triple-correlation term (Dσ⁁n·pe×pν) in the beta decay of polarized neutrons. The D coefficient is sensitive to possible violations of time reversal invariance. The detector has an octagonal symmetry that optimizes electron–proton coincidence rates and reduces systematic effects. A beam of longitudinally polarized cold neutrons passes through the detector chamber, where a small fraction undergo beta decay. The final-state protons are accelerated and focused onto arrays of cooled semiconductor diodes, while the coincident electrons are detected using panels of plastic scintillator. Details regarding the design and performance of the proton detectors, beta detectors, and the electronics used in the data collection system are presented. The neutron beam characteristics, the spin-transport magnetic fields, and polarization measurements are also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Review of Scientific Instruments is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ENGINEERING instruments
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - SYMMETRY (Biology)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
N1  - Accession Number: 15244418; Mumm, H. P. 1; Email Address: pieter.mumm@nist.gov Garcia, A. 1 Grout, L. 1 Howe, M. 1 Parazzoli, L. P. 1 Robertson, R. G. H. 1 Sundqvist, K. M. 1 Wilkerson, J. F. 1 Freedman, S. J. 2 Fujikawa, B. K. 2 Lising, L. J. 2,3 Dewey, M. S. 4 Nico, J. S. 4 Thompson, A. K. 4 Chupp, T. E. 5 Cooper, R. L. 5 Coulter, K. P. 5 Hwang, S. R. 5 Welsh, R. C. 5 Broussard, L. J. 6; Affiliation:  1: CENPA, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195  2: Physics Department, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720  3: Towson University, Towson, MD 21252  4: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899  5: Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104  6: Physics Department, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 75 Issue 12, p5343; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ENGINEERING instruments; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Biology); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1821628
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244418&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Park, J.-W.
AU  - Vitek, J. M.
AU  - Babu, S. S.
AU  - David, S. A.
T1  - Stray grain formation, thermomechanical stress and solidification cracking in single crystal nickel base superalloy welds.
JO  - Science & Technology of Welding & Joining
JF  - Science & Technology of Welding & Joining
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 9
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 472
EP  - 482
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd
SN  - 13621718
AB  - In the present study, the effects of stray grain formation and thermomechanical stresses on solidification cracking in welds of single crystal Ni-base superalloys have been investigated. Welds were made in an asymmetric crystallographic orientation under three different processing conditions. As welding speed and power increased, stray grain formation became extensive, but only on one side of the weld. Solidification cracking also became more extensive and occurred mostly along the stray grain boundaries. The three welding processes have been simulated using the finite element method (FEM). The calculation results showed that thermomechanical stresses increase with welding speed and power, leading to increased susceptibility to cracking. These results agree well with experimental observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science & Technology of Welding & Joining is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLDER & soldering
KW  - FORGING
KW  - MELTING points
KW  - CRYSTALLIZATION
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - WELDING
KW  - crack
KW  - SINGLE CRYSTAL
KW  - stray grains
N1  - Accession Number: 15683666; Park, J.-W. 1; Email Address: jinwoo09.park@samsung.com Vitek, J. M. 1 Babu, S. S. 1 David, S. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6096, USA. Dr Park.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 9 Issue 6, p472; Subject Term: SOLDER & soldering; Subject Term: FORGING; Subject Term: MELTING points; Subject Term: CRYSTALLIZATION; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Subject Term: WELDING; Author-Supplied Keyword: crack; Author-Supplied Keyword: SINGLE CRYSTAL; Author-Supplied Keyword: stray grains; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332112 Nonferrous Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332113 Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332111 Iron and Steel Forging; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1179/136217104225021841
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15683666&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jones, Jacob L.
AU  - Vogel, Sven C.
AU  - Slamovich, Elliott B.
AU  - Bowman, Keith J.
T1  - Quantifying texture in ferroelectric bismuth titanate ceramics
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 51
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1123
EP  - 1127
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The orientation distribution function of a modestly textured bismuth titanate ceramic is calculated from full-pattern Rietveld refinement of time-of-flight neutron and X-ray area detector spectra and measured pole figures from synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The recalculated 00l pole figures are consistent, demonstrating the validity of the texture descriptions introduced for this system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - CERAMICS
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - BUILDING materials
KW  - Ferroelectricity
KW  - Neutron diffraction
KW  - Piezoelectricity
KW  - Texture
KW  - X-ray diffraction (XRD)
N1  - Accession Number: 14510654; Jones, Jacob L.; Email Address: jacob.jones@unsw.edu.au Vogel, Sven C. 1 Slamovich, Elliott B. 2 Bowman, Keith J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87645, USA  2: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 51 Issue 12, p1123; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Subject Term: CERAMICS; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: BUILDING materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ferroelectricity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Neutron diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Piezoelectricity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Texture; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction (XRD); NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416390 Other specialty-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 416310 General-line building supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327110 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.08.020
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14510654&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joo, H.D.
AU  - Kim, J.S.
AU  - Kim, K.H.
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Koo, Y.M.
T1  - In situ synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction study of deformation behavior in polycrystalline coppers during uniaxial deformations
JO  - Scripta Materialia
JF  - Scripta Materialia
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 51
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 1183
EP  - 1186
SN  - 13596462
AB  - The deformation behavior of pure copper polycrystals was investigated by in situ X-ray microdiffraction using synchrotron radiation. Tensile axis rotations of several positions of same grain were observed. Tensile axis movement depends on local position of a grain. This phenomenon may originate from the orientation relation between neighboring grains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Scripta Materialia is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COPPER
KW  - X-rays
KW  - POLYCRYSTALS
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - Microdiffraction
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Polycrystal
KW  - Slip system
KW  - Tensile axis rotation
N1  - Accession Number: 14510664; Joo, H.D.; Email Address: matter@postech.ac.kr Kim, J.S. 1 Kim, K.H. 2 Tamura, N. 3 Koo, Y.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790784, South Korea  2: Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 111, Suwon 440600, South Korea  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 51 Issue 12, p1183; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALS; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Microdiffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Plastic deformation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Polycrystal; Author-Supplied Keyword: Slip system; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tensile axis rotation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.07.003
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14510664&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wogan, Gerald N.
AU  - Hecht, Stephen S.
AU  - Felton, James S.
AU  - Conney, Allan H.
AU  - Loeb, Lawrence A.
T1  - Environmental and chemical carcinogenesis
JO  - Seminars in Cancer Biology
JF  - Seminars in Cancer Biology
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 473
EP  - 486
SN  - 1044579X
AB  - People are continuously exposed exogenously to varying amounts of chemicals that have been shown to have carcinogenic or mutagenic properties in experimental systems. Exposure can occur exogenously when these agents are present in food, air or water, and also endogenously when they are products of metabolism or pathophysiologic states such as inflammation. It has been estimated that exposure to environmental chemical carcinogens may contribute significantly to the causation of a sizable fraction, perhaps a majority, of human cancers, when exposures are related to “life-style” factors such as diet, tobacco use, etc. This chapter summarizes several aspects of environmental chemical carcinogenesis that have been extensively studied and illustrates the power of mechanistic investigation combined with molecular epidemiologic approaches in establishing causative linkages between environmental exposures and increased cancer risks.A causative relationship between exposure to aflatoxin, a strongly carcinogenic mold-produced contaminant of dietary staples in Asia and Africa, and elevated risk for primary liver cancer has been demonstrated through the application of well-validated biomarkers in molecular epidemiology. These studies have also identified a striking synergistic interaction between aflatoxin and hepatitis B virus infection in elevating liver cancer risk. Use of tobacco products provides a clear example of cancer causation by a life-style factor involving carcinogen exposure. Tobacco carcinogens and their DNA adducts are central to cancer induction by tobacco products, and the contribution of specific tobacco carcinogens (e.g. PAH and NNK) to tobacco-induced lung cancer, can be evaluated by a weight of evidence approach. Factors considered include presence in tobacco products, carcinogenicity in laboratory animals, human uptake, metabolism and adduct formation, possible role in causing molecular changes in oncogenes or suppressor genes, and other relevant data. This approach can be applied to evaluation of other environmental carcinogens, and the evaluations would be markedly facilitated by prospective epidemiologic studies incorporating phenotypic carcinogen-specific biomarkers.Heterocyclic amines represent an important class of carcinogens in foods. They are mutagens and carcinogens at numerous organ sites in experimental animals, are produced when meats are heated above 180 °C for long periods. Four of these compounds can consistently be identified in well-done meat products from the North American diet, and although a causal linkage has not been established, a majority of epidemiology studies have linked consumption of well-done meat products to cancer of the colon, breast and stomach. Studies employing molecular biomarkers suggest that individuals may differ in their susceptibility to these carcinogens, and genetic polymorphisms may contribute to this variability. Heterocyclic amines, like most other chemical carcinogens, are not carcinogenic per se but must be metabolized by a family of cytochrome P450 enzymes to chemically reactive electrophiles prior to reacting with DNA to initiate a carcinogenic response. These same cytochrome P450 enzymes—as well as enzymes that act on the metabolic products of the cytochromes P450 (e.g. glucuronyl transferase, glutathione S-transferase and others)—also metabolize chemicals by inactivation pathways, and the relative amounts of activation and detoxification will determine whether a chemical is carcinogenic. Because both genetic and environmental factors influence the levels of enzymes that metabolically activate and detoxify chemicals, they can also influence carcinogenic risk.Many of the phenotypes of cancer cells can be the result of mutations, i.e., changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that accumulate as tumors progress. These can arise as a result of DNA damage or by the incorporation of non-complementary nucleotides during DNA synthetic processes. Based upon the disparity between the infrequency of spontaneous mutations and the large numbers of mutations reported in human tumors, it has been postulated that cancers must exhibit a mutator phenotype, which would represent an early event in cancer progression. A mutator phenotype could be generated by mutations in genes that normally function to guarantee genetic stability. These mutations presumably arise via DNA damage by environmental or endogenous agents, but it remains to be determined whether the acquisition of a mutator phenotype is a necessary event during tumor progression. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Seminars in Cancer Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARCINOGENESIS
KW  - AFLATOXINS
KW  - LIVER -- Cancer
KW  - CARCINOGENS
KW  - Aflatoxin
KW  - Carcinogen metabolism
KW  - Colon cancer
KW  - Genetic polymorphism
KW  - Hepatitis viruses
KW  - Heterocyclic amines
KW  - Liver cancer
KW  - Lung cancer
KW  - Mutator phenotype
KW  - Tobacco carcinogens
N1  - Accession Number: 14714816; Wogan, Gerald N. 1; Email Address: wogan@mit.edu Hecht, Stephen S. 2; Email Address: hecht002@umn.edu Felton, James S. 3; Email Address: felton1@llnl.gov Conney, Allan H. 4; Email Address: aconney@rci.rutgers.edu Loeb, Lawrence A. 5; Email Address: laloeb@u.washington.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biological Engineering Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 26-009, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA  2: University of Minnesota Cancer Center, 420 Delaware Street, SE, MMC 806, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA  3: Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Room 1065, Building 361, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA  4: Department of Chemical Biology, Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA  5: Department of Pathology, University of Washington, K-072 HSB, Box 357705, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7705, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 14 Issue 6, p473; Subject Term: CARCINOGENESIS; Subject Term: AFLATOXINS; Subject Term: LIVER -- Cancer; Subject Term: CARCINOGENS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Aflatoxin; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carcinogen metabolism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Colon cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic polymorphism; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hepatitis viruses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Heterocyclic amines; Author-Supplied Keyword: Liver cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Lung cancer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mutator phenotype; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tobacco carcinogens; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.06.010
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bhattacharya, R.N.
AU  - Ramanathan, K.
T1  - Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells with buffer layer alternative to CdS
JO  - Solar Energy
JF  - Solar Energy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 77
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 679
EP  - 683
SN  - 0038092X
AB  - Progress in fabricating Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells with ZnS(O,OH) buffer layers prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) is discussed in this paper. Such buffer layers could potentially replace CdS in the CIGS solar cell. Total-area conversion efficiency of up to 18.6% has been reported previously using ZnS(O,OH) prepared by CBD. The reported 100 nm CBD ZnS(O,OH) layer was prepared by at least three consecutive depositions, which would make it a relatively expensive replacement for CdS. The recent development of a ZnS(O,OH) layer that enabled to obtain high-efficiency devices using a single-layer CBD is reported in this paper. A 14.4%-efficient device is obtained by using one-layer CBD ZnS(O,OH) on commercial-grade Shell Solar Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGSS) absorber and an up to 17.4% device is obtained by using two-layer CBD ZnS(O,OH) on an NREL CIGS absorber. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Copper
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Direct energy conversion
KW  - Zinc compounds
KW  - Sulfur compounds
KW  - CdS
KW  - Chemical bath deposition (CIGS)
KW  - Copper indium gallium diselenide
KW  - Zn
KW  - ZnS(O,OH)
N1  - Accession Number: 15549912; Bhattacharya, R.N.; Email Address: raghu_bhattacharya@nrel.gov; Ramanathan, K. 1; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, CO 80401-3393, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 77 Issue 6, p679; Thesaurus Term: Copper; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Thesaurus Term: Direct energy conversion; Thesaurus Term: Zinc compounds; Thesaurus Term: Sulfur compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical bath deposition (CIGS); Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper indium gallium diselenide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Zn; Author-Supplied Keyword: ZnS(O,OH); NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solener.2004.05.009
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15549912&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Xuanzhi
T1  - High-efficiency polycrystalline CdTe thin-film solar cells
JO  - Solar Energy
JF  - Solar Energy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 77
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 803
EP  - 814
SN  - 0038092X
AB  - Abstract: Cadmium telluride is a promising photovoltaic material for thin-film solar cells. However, further improvements on performance and reproducibility of devices have been limited by the conventional SnO2/poly-CdS/poly-CdTe device structure used for more than 30 years. In this paper, we review partial R&D approaches at NREL to understand the issues related to the conventional device structure and to develop several novel materials and a modified device structure for minimizing these issues. We have achieved a CdTe polycrystalline thin-film solar cell demonstrating an NREL-confirmed, total-area efficiency of 16.5% by using new materials and the modified device structure. To apply the high-efficiency CdTe cell fabrication technique, we developed two manufacturing processes for producing high-efficiency CdTe modules with the potential of high throughput and low cost. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Cadmium compounds
KW  - Photovoltaic cells
KW  - Solar cells
KW  - Tellurides
KW  - Tellurium compounds
KW  - Thin films
KW  - CdTe
KW  - High-efficiency
KW  - Thin-film
N1  - Accession Number: 15549928; Wu, Xuanzhi 1; Email Address: xuanzhi_wu@nrel.gov; Affiliations: 1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden C0 80401, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 77 Issue 6, p803; Thesaurus Term: Cadmium compounds; Thesaurus Term: Photovoltaic cells; Thesaurus Term: Solar cells; Subject Term: Tellurides; Subject Term: Tellurium compounds; Subject Term: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: CdTe; Author-Supplied Keyword: High-efficiency; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin-film; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.solener.2004.06.006
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15549928&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Taubman, Matthew S.
AU  - Myers, Tanya L.
AU  - Cannon, Bret D.
AU  - Williams, Richard M.
T1  - Stabilization, injection and control of quantum cascade lasers, and their application to chemical sensing in the infrared
JO  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 60
IS  - 14
M3  - Article
SP  - 3457
EP  - 3468
SN  - 13861425
AB  - Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are a relatively new type of semiconductor laser operating in the mid- to long-wave infrared. These monopolar multilayered quantum well structures can be fabricated to operate anywhere between 3.5 and 20 μm, which includes the molecular fingerprint region of the infrared. This makes them an ideal choice for infrared chemical sensing, a topic of great interest at present. Frequency stabilization and injection locking increase the utility of QCLs. We present results of locking QCLs to optical cavities, achieving relative linewidths down to 5.6 Hz. We report injection locking of one distributed feedback grating QCL with light from a similar QCL, demonstrating capture ranges of up to ±500 MHz, and suppression of amplitude modulation by up to 49 dB. We also present various cavity-enhanced chemical sensors employing the frequency stabilization techniques developed, including the resonant sideband technique known as NICE-OHMS. Sensitivities of <F>9.7×10-11</F> cm-1 Hz-1/2 have been achieved in pure nitrous oxide. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR lasers
KW  - QUANTUM wells
KW  - CHEMICAL detectors
KW  - NITROUS oxide
KW  - Cavity-enhanced sensor
KW  - Chemical sensing
KW  - Frequency stabilization
KW  - Injection locking
KW  - Quantum cascade laser
N1  - Accession Number: 15449993; Taubman, Matthew S.; Email Address: matthew.taubman@pnl.gov Myers, Tanya L. 1 Cannon, Bret D. 1 Williams, Richard M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), PO Box 999 Richland, WA 99352, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 60 Issue 14, p3457; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR lasers; Subject Term: QUANTUM wells; Subject Term: CHEMICAL detectors; Subject Term: NITROUS oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cavity-enhanced sensor; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical sensing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Frequency stabilization; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injection locking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantum cascade laser; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.057
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15449993&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hu, Jian Zhi
AU  - Wind, Robert A.
AU  - McLean, Jeffrey
AU  - Gorby, Yuri A.
AU  - Resch, Charles Tom
AU  - Fredrickson, Jim K.
T1  - High-Resolution 1H NMR Spectroscopy of Metabolically Active Microorganisms Using Non-Destructive Magic Angle Spinning.
JO  - Spectroscopy
JF  - Spectroscopy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 19
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 98
EP  - 103
PB  - Advanstar Communications Inc.
SN  - 08876703
AB  - Explores how high resolution ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can be used to study biofilm metabolism under environmentally relevant conditions. Use of non-destructive magic angle spinning; Study of metabolically active bacteria; Advantages of the phase adjusted spinning sidebands method.
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - NUCLEAR spectroscopy
KW  - BIOFILMS
KW  - METABOLISM
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15330060; Hu, Jian Zhi 1 Wind, Robert A. 2 McLean, Jeffrey 2 Gorby, Yuri A. 2 Resch, Charles Tom 2 Fredrickson, Jim K. 2; Affiliation:  1: Senior research scientist, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA  2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p98; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: BIOFILMS; Subject Term: METABOLISM; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Arenz, M.
AU  - Stamenkovic, V.
AU  - Ross, P.N.
AU  - Markovic, N.M.
T1  - Surface (electro-)chemistry on Pt(111) modified by a Pseudomorphic Pd monolayer
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 573
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 57
EP  - 66
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Abstract: The formic acid and methanol oxidation reaction are studied on Pt(111) modified by a pseudomorphic Pd monolayer (denoted hereafter as the Pt(111)–Pd1ML system) in 0.1 M HClO4 solution. The results are compared to the bare Pt(111) surface. The nature of adsorbed intermediates (COad) and the electrocatalytic properties (the onset of CO2 formation) were studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The results show that Pd has a unique catalytic activity for HCOOH oxidation, with Pd surface atoms being about four times more active than Pt surface atoms at 0.4 V. FTIR spectra reveal that on Pt atoms adsorbed CO is produced from dehydration of HCOOH, whereas no CO adsorbed on Pd can be detected although a high production rate of CO2 is observed at low potentials. This indicates that the reaction can proceed on Pd at low potentials without the typical “poison” formation. In contrast to its high activity for formic acid oxidation, the Pd film is completely inactive for methanol oxidation. The FTIR spectra show that neither adsorbed CO is formed on the Pd sites nor significant amounts of CO2 are produced during the electrooxidation of methanol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ALCOHOL
KW  - OXIDATION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - Alcohols
KW  - Biological compounds
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Infrared absorption spectroscopy
KW  - Metal–electrolyte interfaces
KW  - Metallic surfaces
KW  - Palladium
KW  - Platinum
N1  - Accession Number: 15552153; Arenz, M.; Email Address: marenz@lbl.gov Stamenkovic, V. 1 Ross, P.N. 1 Markovic, N.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 573 Issue 1, p57; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ALCOHOL; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alcohols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biological compounds; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infrared absorption spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metal–electrolyte interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallic surfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Palladium; Author-Supplied Keyword: Platinum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.05.144
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15552153&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Patel, M.
AU  - Kim, K.
AU  - Ivill, M.
AU  - Budai, J.D.
AU  - Norton, D.P.
T1  - Reactive sputter deposition of epitaxial (001) CeO2 on (001) Ge
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 468
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
SN  - 00406090
AB  - The growth of epitaxial (001) CeO2 on a (001) Ge surface using a reactive sputter deposition method is reported. Hydrogen gas (4%H2/Ar sputtering gas) is introduced during film growth in order to reduce or eliminate the presence of the GeO2 from the semiconductor surface during the initial nucleation of the metal oxide film. A metal cerium target was used as the cation source, with water vapor serving as the oxidizing species. Epitaxial films were sputter deposited at a substrate temperature of 550 °C in a H2O vapor pressure of approximately 10-3 Torr. The hydrogen partial pressure and substrate temperature were selected to be sufficiently high such that the germanium native oxides are thermodynamically unstable. The Gibbs free energy of CeO2 is larger in magnitude than that of the Ge native oxides, making it more favorable for the metal oxide to reside at the interface in comparison to the native Ge oxides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - CERIUM oxides
KW  - METALLIC oxides
KW  - GIBBS' free energy
KW  - (001) Ge
KW  - Epitaxial (001) CeO2
KW  - Reactive sputter deposition
N1  - Accession Number: 14512109; Patel, M. 1 Kim, K. 1 Ivill, M. 1 Budai, J.D. 2 Norton, D.P. 1; Email Address: dnort@mse.ufl.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Rhines Hall, P.O. Box 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Solid State Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 468 Issue 1/2, p1; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: CERIUM oxides; Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: GIBBS' free energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: (001) Ge; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epitaxial (001) CeO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reactive sputter deposition; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.02.105
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14512109&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Field, R.D.
AU  - Papin, P.A.
T1  - Location specific in situ TEM straining specimens made using FIB
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 26
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Abstract: A method has been devised and demonstrated for producing in situ straining specimens for the transmission electron microscope (TEM) from specific locations in a sample using a dual-beam focused ion beam (FIB) instrument. The specimen is removed from a polished surface in the FIB using normal methods and then attached to a pre-fabricated substrate in the form of a modified TEM tensile specimen. In this manner, specific features of the microstructure of a polished optical mount can be selected for in situ tensile straining. With the use of electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), this technique could be extended to select specific orientations of the specimen as well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - MICROSTRUCTURE
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - Focused ion beam
KW  - In situ straining
KW  - Transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15448590; Field, R.D.; Email Address: rdfield@lanl.gov Papin, P.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory Division, Material Science and Technology, Mail Stop G770, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 102 Issue 1, p23; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: MICROSTRUCTURE; Subject Term: OPTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Focused ion beam; Author-Supplied Keyword: In situ straining; Author-Supplied Keyword: Transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.08.002
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15448590&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beleggia, M.
AU  - Schofield, M.A.
AU  - Volkov, V.V.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
T1  - On the transport of intensity technique for phase retrieval
JO  - Ultramicroscopy
JF  - Ultramicroscopy
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 37
EP  - 49
SN  - 03043991
AB  - Abstract: The Transport of Intensity technique is becoming a viable alternative to electron holography for phase retrieval in Transmission Electron Microscopy. However, several issues are still to be clarified in order to ascertain the applicability of the technique; among them, the controversy regarding its geometrical or wave-optical nature, as related to the phase detection limit. We show here that the Transport of Intensity is a wave-optical technique that works in a special regime of small defocus where the image intensity is linear with the defocus parameter. By a simple analytical example we show that the Transport of Intensity correctly reconstructs the electron optical phase shift even when the phase is smaller than , a value defining the boundary between the geometrical and wave approaches. Another example is given, the reconstruction of a phase jump, accompanied with experimental support showing that phase retrieval by Electron Holography and Transport of Intensity techniques yields results in good agreement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Ultramicroscopy is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHASE shift (Nuclear physics)
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - 68.37.Lp
N1  - Accession Number: 15448592; Beleggia, M.; Email Address: beleggia@bnl.gov Schofield, M.A. 1 Volkov, V.V. 1 Zhu, Y. 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Building 480, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 102 Issue 1, p37; Subject Term: PHASE shift (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: 68.37.Lp; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.08.004
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15448592&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Jinsong
AU  - Hubbard, Susan
AU  - Rubin, Yoram
AU  - Murray, Chris
AU  - Roden, Eric
AU  - Majer, Ernest
T1  - Geochemical characterization using geophysical data and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods: A case study at the South Oyster bacterial transport site in Virginia.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 40
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - The study demonstrates the use of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) tomographic data for estimating sediment geochemical parameters using data collected at the Department of Energy South Oyster bacterial transport site in Virginia. By exploiting the site-specific mutual dependence of GPR attenuation and extractable Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations on lithofacies, we develop a statistical model in which lithofacies and Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations at each pixel between the boreholes are considered as random variables. The unknown variables are estimated by conditioning to the colocated GPR data and the lithofacies measurements along boreholes using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Cross-validation results show that the geophysical data, constrained by lithofacies, have the potential for providing high-resolution, multidimensional information on extractable Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations at the South Oyster site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - geochemical characterization
KW  - geophysical data
KW  - MCMC
KW  - statistical model
N1  - Accession Number: 87144615; Chen, Jinsong 1; Hubbard, Susan 1; Rubin, Yoram 2; Murray, Chris 3; Roden, Eric 4; Majer, Ernest 1; Affiliations: 1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California; 3: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 4: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: geochemical characterization; Author-Supplied Keyword: geophysical data; Author-Supplied Keyword: MCMC; Author-Supplied Keyword: statistical model; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2003WR002883
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144615&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Culligan, Katherine A.
AU  - Wildenschild, Dorthe
AU  - Christensen, Britt S. B.
AU  - Gray, William G.
AU  - Rivers, Mark L.
AU  - Tompson, Andrew F. B.
T1  - Interfacial area measurements for unsaturated flow through a porous medium.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 40
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - Multiphase flow and contaminant transport in porous media are strongly influenced by the presence of fluid-fluid interfaces. Recent theoretical work based on conservation laws and the second law of thermodynamics has demonstrated the need for quantitative interfacial area information to be incorporated into multiphase flow models. We have used synchrotron based X-ray microtomography to investigate unsaturated flow through a glass bead column. Fully three-dimensional images were collected at points on the primary drainage curve and on the secondary imbibition and drainage loops. Analysis of the high-resolution images (17 micron voxels) allows for computation of interfacial areas and saturation. Corresponding pressure measurements are made during the course of the experiments. Results show the fluid-fluid interfacial area increasing as saturation decreases, reaching a maximum at saturations ranging from 20 to 35% and then decreasing as the saturation continues to zero. The findings support results of numerical studies reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - interfacial area
KW  - porous media
KW  - unsaturated flow
N1  - Accession Number: 87144610; Culligan, Katherine A. 1,2; Wildenschild, Dorthe 3,4; Christensen, Britt S. B. 4; Gray, William G. 5; Rivers, Mark L. 6; Tompson, Andrew F. B. 7; Affiliations: 1: Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, University of Notre Dame; 2: Temporarily at Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.; 3: Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University; 4: Environment and Resources, Technical University of Denmark; 5: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of North Carolina; 6: Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources and Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago; 7: Geosciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: interfacial area; Author-Supplied Keyword: porous media; Author-Supplied Keyword: unsaturated flow; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2004WR003278
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144610&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Murphy, Hugh
AU  - Huang, Cunkui
AU  - Dash, Zora
AU  - Zyvoloski, George
AU  - White, Andrew
T1  - Semianalytical solutions for fluid flow in rock joints with pressure-dependent openings.
JO  - Water Resources Research
JF  - Water Resources Research
Y1  - 2004/12//
VL  - 40
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - n/a
EP  - n/a
SN  - 00431397
AB  - If fluid is injected into joints in rock masses, the pressure required might result in changes in the joint space between rock blocks that accommodate the fluid transport. At one extreme, very low injection rate and pressure, the joint space is unaffected, and the fluid pressure follows the usual law of linear diffusion. At the opposite extreme, very high injection rates, as used, for example, during hydraulic fracturing, the pressure is so high as to overcome the original Earth stress holding the rock blocks in contact. They 'lift off,' resulting in huge changes in joint space, and the flow equation then becomes so nonlinear that pressure pulses are no longer transmitted in a smooth, diffusive manner but more like a propagating shock wave. In between these extremes, at more modest pressure, the result is not liftoff, but nevertheless, the effective stress tending to close the joint space is reduced; this space dilates, and the effective permeability and storativity of the joint will increase. While the pressure wave will not propagate quite as sharply as it does for liftoff, nonlinearities greatly influence the results, exhibiting behavior far from that predicted by linear diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - flow in rock joints
KW  - hydrodynamics
KW  - semianalytical solutions
N1  - Accession Number: 87144622; Murphy, Hugh 1; Huang, Cunkui 2,3; Dash, Zora 4; Zyvoloski, George 4; White, Andrew 4; Affiliations: 1: The Petroleum Institute; 2: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 3: Visiting scholar at Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA.; 4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 40 Issue 12, pn/a; Author-Supplied Keyword: flow in rock joints; Author-Supplied Keyword: hydrodynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: semianalytical solutions; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1029/2004WR003005
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=87144622&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - McLerran, Larry
T1  - RHIC Physics: The Color Glass Condensate and the Quark Gluon Plasma.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/02/
VL  - 739
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 279
EP  - 303
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - I discuss two forms of QCD matter which may be produced at RHIC. I conclude from the available empirical evidence that an equilibrated, but strongly coupled Quark Gluon Plasma has been made in such collisions. I also discuss the growing body of evidence that its source is a Color Glass Condensate. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUARK-gluon plasma
KW  - NUCLEAR matter
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - QUANTUM chromodynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 15397702; McLerran, Larry 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, POB 5000, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 739 Issue 1, p279; Subject Term: QUARK-gluon plasma; Subject Term: NUCLEAR matter; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: QUANTUM chromodynamics; Number of Pages: 25p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1843602
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15397702&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beutler, David E.
T1  - 2004 IEEE Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference Awards Chairman's Comments.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3131
EP  - 3132
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The article presents information on the "2004 IEEE Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference Awards". The 2004 IEEE Nuclear Space Radiation and Effects Conference (NSREC) Awards Committee evaluated each oral, poster, and workshop paper that was presented at the conference in a two-step reviewing process. As a result, eight papers were selected for final consideration for the Outstanding Conference Paper Award. The Outstanding Conference Paper was "Production and Propagation of Single-Event Transients in High-Speed Digital Logic IC's," by Paul E. Dodd, Marty R. Shaneyfelt, James A. Felix, and James R. Schwank.
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Awards
KW  - Astrophysical radiation
KW  - Integrated circuit design
KW  - Conferences & conventions
KW  - Workshops (Adult education)
N1  - Accession Number: 15591486; Beutler, David E. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3131; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Awards; Subject Term: Astrophysical radiation; Subject Term: Integrated circuit design; Subject Term: Conferences & conventions; Subject Term: Workshops (Adult education); NAICS/Industry Codes: 561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839500
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591486&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felix, James A.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, Marty R.
AU  - Fleetwood, Daniel M.
AU  - Schwank, James R.
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
AU  - Gusev, Evgeni P.
AU  - Fleming, Robert M.
AU  - D'Emic, Chris
T1  - Charge Trapping and Annealing in High-κ Gate Dielectrics.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3143
EP  - 3149
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We examine the radiation response, annealing characteristics, and long-term reliability of capacitors with Al gates and Al2O3-SiOxNy gate dielectrics stacks which received a forming gas anneal (FGA) or an O2 and FG anneal after high-κ deposition. By comparison to a theoretical capacitance-voltage (CV) curve, the FG annealed devices are found to have a large preirradiation interface trapped charge density of ∼7 × 1011 cm-2, whereas devices annealed in O2 and FG show a large density (∼9 × 1011 cm-2) of negative bulk charge. The midgap voltage shift (Δ Vmg) increases monotonically with dose for both sets of devices, but the O2 annealed devices exhibit 50% less trapping at a total dose of 2 Mrad(SiO2). The radiation-induced voltage shifts are found to recover during long duration biased anneals as a result of tunneling and thermal annealing. For short times and large biases, the annealing response is found to be dominated by tunneling. After 1,000 s of annealing, there is a 50% reduction in Δ Vmg for devices annealed at 2.0 MV/cm and a 7.5% recovery for devices annealed at 1.0 MV/cm. For longer times, the annealing response of these devices is dominated by thermal annealing. Accelerated life testing shows these devices have a broad failure distribution with a large population of extrinsic failures. Extrapolation of the reliability data suggests these particular devices would have to be operated at an electric field less than ∼2.5 MV/cm to achieve a ten-year operational lifetime. Improved reliability is, therefore, required before insertion into a manufacturing environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Dielectrics
KW  - Exciton theory
KW  - Electrical engineering -- Materials
KW  - Voltage regulators
KW  - Extrapolation
KW  - Reliability (Personality trait)
N1  - Accession Number: 15591492; Felix, James A. 1; Email Address: jafelix@sandia.gov; Shaneyfelt, Marty R. 1; Fleetwood, Daniel M. 2; Schwank, James R. 1; Dodd, Paul E. 1; Gusev, Evgeni P. 3; Fleming, Robert M. 1; D'Emic, Chris 3; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87 185-1083 USA.; 2: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.; 3: IBM Semiconductor Research and Development Center, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3143; Subject Term: Dielectrics; Subject Term: Exciton theory; Subject Term: Electrical engineering -- Materials; Subject Term: Voltage regulators; Subject Term: Extrapolation; Subject Term: Reliability (Personality trait); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839204
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591492&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shaneyfelt, Marty R.
AU  - Schwank, James R.
AU  - Fleetwood, Dan M.
AU  - Pease, Ronald L.
AU  - Felix, James A.
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
AU  - Maher, Michael C.
T1  - Annealing Behavior of Linear Bipolar Devices With Enhanced Low-Dose-Rate Sensitivity.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3172
EP  - 3177
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The post-irradiation annealing behavior of total dose degradation in LM139 comparators fabricated in National Semi- conductor Corporation's (NSC) enhanced low-dose-rate sensitive (ELDRS) linear bipolar technology is examined. Data show that a large fraction of the radiation-induced increase in input bias current recovers after a 100°C anneal. The recovery in input bias current is linked to a significant amount of interface-trap annealing at 100 °C. This is qualitatively consistent with previous data on interface-trap annealing and recent models for interface-trap annealing associated with hydrogen motion at the silcon/silcon dioxide interface. The annealing results have implications for hardness assurance testing. If the radiation induced charge that is responsible for ELDRS (whether it be interface or border traps) can anneal at 100 °C, these data suggest that elevated temperature irradiations sometimes used to bound the ELDRS response of ICs may also cause some annealing of radiation-induced charge. These data help explain why high-dose-rate irradiations at elevated temperatures in some cases underestimate low-dose-rate degradation. In addition, these data confirm that high-dose-rate irradiations followed by elevated temperature anneals do not mimic the mechanisms that cause enhanced degradation at low dose rates in devices with ELDRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - Annealing of metals
KW  - High temperatures
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Integrated circuits
N1  - Accession Number: 15591496; Shaneyfelt, Marty R. 1; Email Address: shaneymr@sandia.gov; Schwank, James R. 1; Fleetwood, Dan M. 2; Pease, Ronald L. 3; Felix, James A. 1; Dodd, Paul E. 1; Maher, Michael C. 4; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87 185-1083 USA.; 2: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.; 3: RLP Research, Los Lunas, NM 87031 USA.; 4: National Semiconductor Corporation, South Portland, ME 04106 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3172; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Thesaurus Term: Hydrogen; Subject Term: Annealing of metals; Subject Term: High temperatures; Subject Term: Semiconductors; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332811 Metal Heat Treating; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332810 Coating, engraving, cold and heat treating and allied activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839200
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591496&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiong, H. D.
AU  - Jun, B.
AU  - Fleetwood, D. M.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
T1  - Charge Trapping and Low Frequency Noise in SOI Buried Oxides.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3238
EP  - 3242
SN  - 00189499
AB  - We have studied the 1/f noise and total-dose response associated with the buried oxides (BOX) of fully depleted nMOS silicon-on-insulators (SOI) transistors. Silicon implantation in the BOX creates a higher density of oxygen vacancy-related defects that reduce the net oxide-trap charge, but increase the back-channel 1/f noise. The 1/f noise of MOSFETs fabricated on silicon-implanted SOI BOX shows little change after 1 Mrad(SiO2) irradiation. Silicon implantation also creates shallow electron traps in the BOX, leading to large bias instabilities. Whether these traps are filed or empty does not significantly affect the 1/f noise. A detailed study of, the 1/f noise, temperature dependence of charge trapping, and radiation response of these SOI nMOSFET transistors shows that charge exchange with shallow electron traps in the BOX occurs mostly via tunneling. Low frequency noise in the double-gate (DG) mode of device operation is also investigated, and found to help mitigate the 1/f noise in fully depleted SOI MOSFETs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - Tunneling (Physics)
KW  - Electric conductivity
KW  - Charge transfer
KW  - Dose-response relationship (Radiation)
N1  - Accession Number: 15591506; Xiong, H. D. 1; Email Address: hao.xiong@vanderbilt.edu; Jun, B. 1; Email Address: bongim.jun@vanderbilt.edu; Fleetwood, D. M. 1; Email Address: dan.fleetwood@vanderbilt.edu; Schrimpf, R. D. 1; Email Address: ron.schrimpf@vanderbilt.edu; Schwank, J. R. 2; Email Address: schwanjr@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3238; Subject Term: Semiconductors; Subject Term: Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: Tunneling (Physics); Subject Term: Electric conductivity; Subject Term: Charge transfer; Subject Term: Dose-response relationship (Radiation); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839139
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591506&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferlet-Cavrois, V.
AU  - Vizkelethy, G.
AU  - Paillet, P.
AU  - Torres, A.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Baggio, J.
AU  - De Pontcharra, J. Du Port
AU  - Tosti, L.
T1  - Charge Enhancement Effect in NMOS Bulk Transistors Induced by Heavy Ion Irradiation --Comparison With SOI.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3255
EP  - 3262
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper investigates the charge collection mechanisms occurring in heavy ion irradiated metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) devices. The parasitic bipolar effect, inherent to the structure of SOI transistors, is shown to exist in bulk NMOS transistors as well. We experimentally show that the drain junction of an OFF- state bulk MOS transistor collects more charge than an identical junction isolated from neighboring elements. In other words, the proximity of the source junction and the triggering of the bipolar. like structure are responsible of charge amplification. A higher current peak on the drain is observed, and this enhancement effect is high enough to invalidate usual charge collection models based only on funnel and diffusion transport. Thus, the proximity of other junctions has to be considered to improve charge collection model in bulk technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Solid solutions
KW  - Ions
KW  - Metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Bipolar integrated circuits
KW  - Transistor circuits
KW  - Charge coupled devices
N1  - Accession Number: 15591509; Ferlet-Cavrois, V. 1; Email Address: veronique.ferlet@cea.fr; Vizkelethy, G. 2; Paillet, P. 1; Torres, A. 1; Schwank, J. R. 2; Shaneyfelt, M. R. 2; Baggio, J. 1; De Pontcharra, J. Du Port 3; Tosti, L. 3; Affiliations: 1: CEA/DIF, Bruyères-le-Châtel 91680, France; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 3: CEA LETI, Grenoble 38054, France.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3255; Thesaurus Term: Solid solutions; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Subject Term: Metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Bipolar integrated circuits; Subject Term: Transistor circuits; Subject Term: Charge coupled devices; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839167
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591509&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lum, Gary K.
AU  - Boruta, Nicholas
AU  - Baker, J. M.
AU  - Robinette, L.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Dodd, P. E.
AU  - Felix, J. A.
T1  - New Experimental Findings for Single-Event Gate Rupture in MOS Capacitors and Linear Devices.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3263
EP  - 3269
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Mechanisms for single-event gate rupture (SEGR) in MOS capacitors and linear integrated circuits (ICs) are explored at ion energies greater than 1GeV. We find that SEGR thresholds depend strongly on ion energy, but are independent of oxide defects, bias polarity, doping concentration, and ionizing dose. The number of SEGR strikes across a MOS capacitor was measured, and the SEGR response cross section distinctly shows an electric field threshold. The importance of having stiffening and speedup capacitors at the device is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Semiconductor doping
KW  - Analog integrated circuits
KW  - Metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Electric fields
KW  - Electronic circuits
KW  - Polarity (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15591510; Lum, Gary K. 1; Email Address: gary.lum@lmco.com; Boruta, Nicholas 1; Baker, J. M. 1; Robinette, L. 1; Shaneyfelt, M. R. 2; Schwank, J. R. 2; Dodd, P. E. 2; Felix, J. A. 2; Affiliations: 1: Lockheed-Martin Space Systems Company, Sunnyvale, CA 94088 USA; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3263; Thesaurus Term: Semiconductor doping; Subject Term: Analog integrated circuits; Subject Term: Metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Electric fields; Subject Term: Electronic circuits; Subject Term: Polarity (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.840262
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591510&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dodd, Paul E.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, Marty R.
AU  - Felix, James A.
AU  - Schwank, James R.
T1  - Production and Propagation of Single-Event Transients in High-Speed Digital Logic ICs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3278
EP  - 3284
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The production and propagation of single-event transients in scaled metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) digital logic circuits are examined. Scaling trends to the 100-nm technology node are explored using three-dimensional mixed-level simulations, including both bulk CMOS and silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technologies. Significant transients in deep submicron circuits are predicted for particle strikes with linear energy transfer as low as 2 MeV-cm2/mg, and unattenuated propagation of such transients can occur in bulk CMOS circuits at the 100-nm technology node. Transients approaching 1 ns in duration are predicted in bulk CMOS circuits. Body-tied SOI circuits produce much shorter transients than their bulk counterparts, making them more amenable to transient filtering schemes based on temporal redundancy. Body-tied SOI circuits also maintain a significant advantage in single-event transient immunity with scaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Complementary metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Metal oxide semiconductors
KW  - Charge coupled devices
KW  - Digital electronics
N1  - Accession Number: 15591512; Dodd, Paul E. 1; Email Address: pedodd@sandia.gov; Shaneyfelt, Marty R. 1; Felix, James A. 1; Schwank, James R. 1; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3278; Subject Term: Complementary metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Metal oxide semiconductors; Subject Term: Charge coupled devices; Subject Term: Digital electronics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839172
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591512&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Swift, Gary M.
AU  - Rezgui, Sana
AU  - George, Jeffrey
AU  - Carmichael, Carl
AU  - Napier, Matthew
AU  - Maksymowicz, John
AU  - Moore, Jason
AU  - Lesea, Austin
AU  - Koga, R.
AU  - Wrobel, T. F.
T1  - Dynamic Testing of Xilinx Virtex-II Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Input/Output Blocks (IOBs).
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3469
EP  - 3474
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Heavy-ion irradiation and fault injection experiments were conducted to evaluate the upset sensitivity of the Xilinx Virtex-II field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) input/output block (lOB). Full triple module redundancy (TMR) of the lOBs, in combination with regular configuration scrubbing, proved to be a quite effective upset mitigation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Redundancy (Linguistics)
KW  - Field programmable gate arrays
KW  - Programmable logic devices
KW  - Gate array circuits
KW  - Integrated circuits
N1  - Accession Number: 15591542; Swift, Gary M. 1; Email Address: gary.m.swift@jpl.nasa.gov; Rezgui, Sana 2; Email Address: sana.rezgui@xilinx.com; George, Jeffrey 3; Email Address: jeffrey.s.george@aero.org; Carmichael, Carl 2; Napier, Matthew 4; Email Address: mpnapie@sandia.gov; Maksymowicz, John 3; Moore, Jason 2; Lesea, Austin 2; Koga, R. 3; Wrobel, T. F. 4; Affiliations: 1: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA; 2: Xilinx, Inc., San Jose, CA 95124 USA; 3: Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA USA; 4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM USA; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3469; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Redundancy (Linguistics); Subject Term: Field programmable gate arrays; Subject Term: Programmable logic devices; Subject Term: Gate array circuits; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839190
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591542&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benedetto, J.
AU  - Eaton, P.
AU  - Avery, K.
AU  - Mavis, D.
AU  - Gadlage, M.
AU  - Turflinger, T.
AU  - Dodd, Paul B.
AU  - Vizkelethyd, G.
T1  - Heavy Ion-Induced Digital Single-Event Transients in Deep Submicron Processes.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3480
EP  - 3485
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Single-event transients (SETs) in digital circuits/processes are examined. SETs appear to substantially mitigate traditional SEU static-latch hardening techniques below 0.25 pm. The resulting IC error rate for advanced technology node hardened- electronics is dominated by the combinational-logic SET rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ions
KW  - Matter -- Properties
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Digital electronics
KW  - Integrated circuits
KW  - Electronic systems
N1  - Accession Number: 15591544; Benedetto, J. 1; Email Address: benedetto@mrcmicroe.com; Eaton, P. 2; Email Address: peaton@mrcmicroe.com; Avery, K. 2; Mavis, D. 2; Email Address: dgmaivs@mrcmicro.com; Gadlage, M. 3; Email Address: Gadlage_m@atd.crane.navy.mil; Turflinger, T. 3; Email Address: Turflinger@atd.crane.navy.mil; Dodd, Paul B. 4; Email Address: pedodd@sandia.gov; Vizkelethyd, G. 4; Email Address: gvizkel@sandia.gov; Affiliations: 1: Mission Research Corporation, Colorado Springs, CO, USA; 2: Mission Research Corporation, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA; 3: NAVSEA Crane, Bldg. 3334, Code 6054, Crane, IN 47522 USA; 4: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1083 USA; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3480; Thesaurus Term: Ions; Thesaurus Term: Matter -- Properties; Subject Term: Electronics; Subject Term: Digital electronics; Subject Term: Integrated circuits; Subject Term: Electronic systems; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839173
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591544&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Griffin, Patrick J.
AU  - Luker, S. Michael
AU  - King, Donald B.
AU  - DePriest, K. Russell
AU  - Hohlfelder, Robert J.
AU  - Suo-Anttila, Ahti J.
T1  - Diamond PCD for Reactor Active Dosimetry Applications.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3631
EP  - 3637
SN  - 00189499
AB  - This paper reports on the development, calibration, and application of a radiation-hardened diamond photoconducting detector (PCD) for active ionizing dose measurements in research reactors. Results are reports for gamma irradiations between 10 and 1012 rad(C)/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Physics
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Dosage of drugs
KW  - Dose-response relationship (Radiation)
KW  - Physical measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 15591566; Griffin, Patrick J. 1; Email Address: pjgriff@sandia.gov; Luker, S. Michael 1; King, Donald B. 1; DePriest, K. Russell 1; Hohlfelder, Robert J. 1; Suo-Anttila, Ahti J. 1; Affiliations: 1: Applied Nuclear Technology Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3631; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Physics; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Subject Term: Dosage of drugs; Subject Term: Dose-response relationship (Radiation); Subject Term: Physical measurements; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.840028
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591566&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwank, J. R.
AU  - Dodd, P. B.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, M. R.
AU  - Felix, J. A.
AU  - Hash, G. L.
AU  - Ferlet-Cavrois, V.
AU  - Paillet, P.
AU  - Baggio, J.
AU  - Tangyunyong, P.
AU  - Blackmore, B.
T1  - Issues for Single-Event Proton Testing of SRAMs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3692
EP  - 3700
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The impact of total ionizing dose and displacement damage on single-event upset and single-event latchup hardness assurance testing of present-day commercial SRAMs is studied over a wide range of proton energies and fluence levels. Commercial SRAMs from six different vendors were irradiated at proton energies from 8 to 500 MeY and at total doses from 0 to 100 krad(Si) using multiple radiation sources. For some SRAMs, the single-event upset cross section increased with total dose. The amount of increase in SEU cross section strongly depended on the bias configuration during total dose irradiation and single-event upset characterization. For most of the SRAMs that showed an increase in single-event upset cross section with total dose, the static power supply leakage current also increased. Light emission microscopy photographs identified the source of the increase in power supply leakage current for these SRAMs as originating in peripheral transistors outside the memory array. This suggests a new single-event upset mechanism for present-day devices, which may be due to a reduction in the internally supplied memory array bias level with total dose, increasing memory cell sensitivity to single-event upset The proton energy at which the single-event latchup cross section saturated varied considerably between devices. For one technology, the single-event latchup cross section did not saturate until the proton energy was increased to 200 MeV. These data indicate that single-event latchup hardness assurance testing should be performed at high proton energies (>100 MeV). For fluence levels less than 1011 protons/cm2 at a proton energy of 105 MeV, proton-induced displacement damage had no observable affect on single-event latchup cross section. The implications of these effects on single-event upset and latchup hardness assurance testing are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Protons
KW  - Electronics -- Equipment & supplies
KW  - Hardness
KW  - Quantum optics
N1  - Accession Number: 15591575; Schwank, J. R. 1; Email Address: schwanjr@sandia.gov; Dodd, P. B. 1; Shaneyfelt, M. R. 1; Felix, J. A. 1; Hash, G. L. 1; Ferlet-Cavrois, V. 2; Paillet, P. 2; Baggio, J. 2; Tangyunyong, P. 1; Blackmore, B. 3; Affiliations: 1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 2: CEA/DIF, Bruyères-le- Châtel 91680, France.; 3: TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T2A3, Canada.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3692; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Subject Term: Protons; Subject Term: Electronics -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: Hardness; Subject Term: Quantum optics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839301
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591575&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jun, Bongim
AU  - Xiong, Hao D.
AU  - Sternberg, Andrew L.
AU  - Cirba, Claude R.
AU  - Dakai Chen
AU  - Schrimpf, Ronald D.
AU  - Fleetwood, Daniel M.
AU  - Schwank, James R.
AU  - Cristoloveanu, Sorin
T1  - Total Dose Effects on Double Gate Fully Depleted SOI MOSFETs.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3767
EP  - 3772
SN  - 00189499
AB  - Total ionizing dose effects on fully-depleted (FD) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) transistors are studied when the devices are operated in single gate (SG) and double gate (DG) mode. The devices exhibit superiority in mobility and drain current when op- erated in DG mode compared to SG mode. Moreover, the dc characteristics of DG operated device are less vulnerable to total dose radiation induced damage. In particular, radiation-induced interface traps have less electrical effect in DG mode operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Radiation
KW  - Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Electronics
KW  - Semiconductors
N1  - Accession Number: 15591586; Jun, Bongim 1; Email Address: bongim.jun@vanderbilt.edu; Xiong, Hao D. 1; Email Address: hao.xiong@vanderbilt.edu; Sternberg, Andrew L. 1; Email Address: andrew.l.sternberg@vanderbilt.edu; Cirba, Claude R. 1; Email Address: claude.r.cirba@vanderbilt.edu; Dakai Chen 1; Email Address: dakai.chen@vanderbilt.edu; Schrimpf, Ronald D. 1; Email Address: ron.schrimpf@vanderbilt.edu; Fleetwood, Daniel M. 1; Schwank, James R. 2; Email Address: schwanjr@sandia.gov; Cristoloveanu, Sorin 3; Email Address: sorin@enserg.fr; Affiliations: 1: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.; 2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; 3: ENSERG, Grenoble Cedex 1 38016, France.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3767; Thesaurus Term: Ionizing radiation; Thesaurus Term: Radiation; Subject Term: Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors; Subject Term: Silicon; Subject Term: Electronics; Subject Term: Semiconductors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839256
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591586&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pease, Ronald L.
AU  - Platteter, Dale G.
AU  - Dunham, G. W.
AU  - Seiler, J. E.
AU  - Barnaby, H. J.
AU  - Schrimpf, R. D.
AU  - Shaneyfelt, Marty R.
AU  - Maher, M. C.
AU  - Nowlin, R. N.
T1  - Characterization of Enhanced Low Dose Rate Sensitivity (ELDRS) Effects Using Gated Lateral PNP Transistor Structures.
JO  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
JF  - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Part 2 of 3
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 3773
EP  - 3780
SN  - 00189499
AB  - The high and low dose rate responses of bipolar transistors in a bipolar linear circuit process technology have been studied with specially, designed gated lateral pnp test transistors that allow for the extraction of the oxide trapped tharge (Not) and interface trap (Nit) densities. The buildup of Not and Nit with total dose is investigated as a function of the irradiation gate voltage at 39 rad/s and 20 mrad/s for three variations of the final passivation layer (all variations had the same oxide covering the active region of the devices). The three variations in final passivation were selected to exhibit minimal degradation at high and low dose rate (no passivation), significant degradation at high and low dose rate (p-glass/nitride) and enhanced low dose rate sensitivity (ELDRS) (p-glass only). It is shown that the increase in base current is dominated by increased Nit and the "true" low dose rate enhancement in the ELDRS parts occurs for zero and negative gate voltage, but is eliminated for large positive gate voltage and elevated temperature irradiation. Implications for ELDRS models are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Transistors
KW  - Semiconductors
KW  - High temperatures
KW  - Bipolar integrated circuits
KW  - Crystals
N1  - Accession Number: 15591587; Pease, Ronald L. 1; Email Address: rpease@mrcmicroe.com; Platteter, Dale G. 2; Dunham, G. W. 2; Seiler, J. E. 2; Barnaby, H. J. 3; Schrimpf, R. D. 4; Shaneyfelt, Marty R. 5; Maher, M. C. 6; Nowlin, R. N. 7; Affiliations: 1: RLP Research, Los Lunas, NM 87031 USA.; 2: NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522-5001 USA.; 3: University of Arizona, Theson, AZ 85721 USA.; 4: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.; 5: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87154 USA.; 6: National Semiconductor, South Portland, ME 04106 USA.; 7: ATK Mission Research, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA.; Issue Info: Dec2004 Part 2 of 3, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p3773; Thesaurus Term: Irradiation; Subject Term: Transistors; Subject Term: Semiconductors; Subject Term: High temperatures; Subject Term: Bipolar integrated circuits; Subject Term: Crystals; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417320 Electronic components, navigational and communications equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1109/TNS.2004.839258
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=15591587&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kadhim, Munira A.
AU  - Moore, Stephen R.
AU  - Goodwin, Edwin H.
T1  - Interrelationships amongst radiation-induced genomic instability, bystander effects, and the adaptive response
JO  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/12/02/
VL  - 568
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 21
EP  - 32
SN  - 00275107
AB  - Over the past two decades, our understanding of radiation biology has undergone a fundamental shift in paradigms away from deterministic “hit–effect” relationships and towards complex ongoing “cellular responses”. These responses include now familiar, but still poorly understood, phenomena associated with radiation exposure such as bystander effects, genomic instability, and adaptive responses. All three have been observed at very low doses, and at time points far removed from the initial radiation exposure, and are extremely relevant for linear extrapolation to low doses; the adaptive response is particularly relevant when exposure is spread over a period of time. These are precisely the circumstances that are most relevant to understanding cancer risk associated with environmental and occupational radiation exposures. This review will provide a synthesis of the known, and proposed, interrelationships amongst low-dose cellular responses to radiation. It also will examine the potential importance of non-targeted cellular responses to ionizing radiation in setting acceptable exposure limits especially to low-LET radiations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research: Fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - Adaptive response
KW  - Bystander effects
KW  - Genomic instability
KW  - Ionizing radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14960577; Kadhim, Munira A.; Email Address: m.kadhim@har.mrc.ac.uk Moore, Stephen R. 1 Goodwin, Edwin H. 2; Affiliation:  1: MRC Radiation and Genome Stability Unit, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX110RD, UK  2: Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS M-888, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 568 Issue 1, p21; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adaptive response; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bystander effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genomic instability; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionizing radiation; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.06.043
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gillett, Nathan P.
AU  - Santer, Benjamin D.
AU  - Weaver, Andrew J.
T1  - Atmospheric science: Stratospheric cooling and the troposphere.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/12/02/
VL  - 432
IS  - 7017
M3  - Article
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Arising from: Q. Fu et al. 429, 55-58 (2004); see also communication from Tett et al.; Fu et al. replySatellite observations of tropospheric temperatures seem to show less warming than surface temperatures, contrary to physical predictions. Fu et al. show that statistical correction for the effect of stratospheric cooling brings the satellite-based estimates of tropospheric warming into closer agreement with observations of surface warming. Here we apply the method of Fu et al. to output from a state-of-the-art coupled climate model and show that simulated tropospheric temperature trends are consistent with those observed and that their method is robust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TROPOSPHERE
KW  - ATMOSPHERE
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - GLOBAL warming
KW  - ARTIFICIAL satellites
N1  - Accession Number: 15229957; Gillett, Nathan P. 1; Email Address: gillett@uvic.ca Santer, Benjamin D. 2 Weaver, Andrew J. 1; Affiliation:  1: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, PO Box 3055, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada  2: Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Source Info: 12/2/2004, Vol. 432 Issue 7017, p1; Subject Term: TROPOSPHERE; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERE; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: GLOBAL warming; Subject Term: ARTIFICIAL satellites; NAICS/Industry Codes: 927110 Space Research and Technology; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature03209
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wen Deng
AU  - Sai Wah Tsao
AU  - Xin-Yuan Guan
AU  - Lucas, Joe N.
AU  - Hua Xin Si
AU  - Chi Shing Leung
AU  - Mak, Priscilla
AU  - Li Dong Wang
AU  - Cheung, Annie L. M.
T1  - Distinct profiles of critically short telomeres are a key determinant of different chromosome aberrations in immortalized human cells: whole-genome evidence from multiple cell lines.
JO  - Oncogene
JF  - Oncogene
Y1  - 2004/12/02/
VL  - 23
IS  - 56
M3  - Article
SP  - 9090
EP  - 9101
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 09509232
AB  - Chromosomal aberrations are common in cancers. However, the search for chromosomal aberrations leading to development of specific solid tumors has been severely hindered because the majority of solid tumors have complex chromosomal aberrations that differ within the same tumor types. A similar phenomenon exists in immortalized cell lines. The underlying mechanisms driving these diverse aberrations are largely unknown. Telomeres play crucial roles in protecting the integrity of eucaryotic chromosomes and maintaining genomic stability of human cells. Telomere lengths on individual chromosomes in normal human somatic cells are heterogeneous and undergo progressive shortening with aging process. In this study, for the first time, a molecular cytogenetic method using sequential telomere quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization and spectral karyotyping on the same human metaphases was applied successfully to examine the dynamic profiles of individual telomere shortening and their relationship to chromosome aberrations in multiple human cell lines undergoing immortalization. Human ovarian surface epithelial cells and esophageal epithelial cells were immortalized by the expression of HPV16 E6 and E7, which drive cells to proliferate by inactivating p53 and Rb genes. In these cell lines, we consistently detected large-scale differences in telomere signal intensities not only among nonhomologous chromosome arms but also between some homologous chromosome arms. The cell lines derived from different donors had different profiles of critically short telomeres (lacking telomere signals). Strikingly, the different profiles of chromosomal structural aberrations in multiple immortalized cell lines were highly significantly associated with the distinct distributions of critically short telomeres in whole-genome. Since cellular immortalization is one of the hallmarks of cancer, our findings suggest that distinct profiles of critically short telomeres in different human individuals might play an essential role in determining the complex and individual-specific chromosomal structural aberrations in human solid tumors.Oncogene (2004) 23, 9090-9101. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208119 Published online 18 October 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Oncogene is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - TELOMERES
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - CELL lines
KW  - SOMATIC cells
KW  - EPITHELIAL cells
KW  - aberrations
KW  - genome
KW  - human
KW  - immortalization
KW  - telomeres
N1  - Accession Number: 15238405; Wen Deng 1 Sai Wah Tsao 1 Xin-Yuan Guan 2 Lucas, Joe N. 3 Hua Xin Si 1 Chi Shing Leung 4 Mak, Priscilla 4 Li Dong Wang 5 Cheung, Annie L. M. 1; Email Address: lmcheung@hkucc.hku.hk; Affiliation:  1: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.  2: Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.  4: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.  5: Laboratory for Cancer Research, Experimental Center for Medicine, Henan Medical University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.; Source Info: 12/2/2004, Vol. 23 Issue 56, p9090; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: TELOMERES; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: CELL lines; Subject Term: SOMATIC cells; Subject Term: EPITHELIAL cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: aberrations; Author-Supplied Keyword: genome; Author-Supplied Keyword: human; Author-Supplied Keyword: immortalization; Author-Supplied Keyword: telomeres; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/sj.onc.1208119
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blakely, Eleanor A.
AU  - Chang, Polly Y.
T1  - Late effects from hadron therapy
JO  - Radiotherapy & Oncology
JF  - Radiotherapy & Oncology
Y1  - 2004/12/02/Dec2004 Supplement 2
VL  - 73
M3  - Article
SP  - S134
EP  - S140
SN  - 01678140
AB  - Summary: Successful cancer patient survival and local tumor control from hadron radiotherapy warrant a discussion of potential secondary late effects from the radiation. The study of late-appearing clinical effects from particle beams of protons, carbon, or heavier ions is a relatively new field with few data. However, new clinical information is available from pioneer hadron radiotherapy programs in the USA, Japan, Germany and Switzerland. This paper will review available data on late tissue effects from particle radiation exposures, and discuss its importance to the future of hadron therapy. Potential late radiation effects are associated with irradiated normal tissue volumes at risk that in many cases can be reduced with hadron therapy. However, normal tissues present within hadron treatment volumes can demonstrate enhanced responses compared to conventional modes of therapy. Late endpoints of concern include induction of secondary cancers, cataract, fibrosis, neurodegeneration, vascular damage, and immunological, endocrine and hereditary effects. Low-dose tissue effects at tumor margins need further study, and there is need for more acute molecular studies underlying late effects of hadron therapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Radiotherapy & Oncology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CANCER patients
KW  - RADIOTHERAPY
KW  - MEDICAL radiology
KW  - ELECTROTHERAPEUTICS
KW  - carbon
KW  - hadron theray
KW  - late effects
KW  - protons
N1  - Accession Number: 18273510; Blakely, Eleanor A. 1; Email Address: EABlakely@lbl.gov Chang, Polly Y. 2; Affiliation:  1: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-8174 USA  2: Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA; Source Info: Dec2004 Supplement 2, Vol. 73, pS134; Subject Term: CANCER patients; Subject Term: RADIOTHERAPY; Subject Term: MEDICAL radiology; Subject Term: ELECTROTHERAPEUTICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: hadron theray; Author-Supplied Keyword: late effects; Author-Supplied Keyword: protons; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tucker, D. H.
AU  - Baty, R. S.
T1  - Cesàro-One Summability and Uniform Convergence of Solutions of a Sturm--Liouville System.
JO  - Vietnam Journal of Mathematics
JF  - Vietnam Journal of Mathematics
Y1  - 2004/12/02/2004 Special Issue
VL  - 32
M3  - Article
SP  - 24
EP  - 27
SN  - 2305221X
AB  - In this paper a Galerkin method is used to construct series solutions of a homogeneous Sturm-Liouville problem defined on [0, &pie;]. The series constructed are shown to converge to a specified du Bois-Reymond function f in L² [0,&Pie;]. It is then shown that the series solutions can be made to converge uniformly to the specified du Bois-Reymond function when averaged by the  Cesaro-one summability method. Therefore, in the Cesaro-one sense, every continuous function / o n [0, &Pie;] is the uniform limit of solutions of non-homogeneous Sturm-Liouville problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Vietnam Journal of Mathematics is the property of Springer Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STURM-Liouville equation
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - BOUNDARY value problems
KW  - DIFFERENTIAL equations
KW  - MATHEMATICAL analysis
KW  - MATHEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 17166875; Tucker, D. H. 1 Baty, R. S. 2; Affiliation:  1: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185-0825, USA; Source Info: 2004 Special Issue, Vol. 32, p24; Subject Term: STURM-Liouville equation; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: BOUNDARY value problems; Subject Term: DIFFERENTIAL equations; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL analysis; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Buehler, Markus J.
AU  - Hartmaier, Alexander
AU  - Gao, Huajian
AU  - Duchaineau, Mark
AU  - Abraham, Farid F.
T1  - Atomic plasticity: description and analysis of a one-billion atom simulation of ductile materials failure
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/12/03/
VL  - 193
IS  - 48-51
M3  - Article
SP  - 5257
EP  - 5282
SN  - 00457825
AB  - Abstract: Large scale atomic simulations are becoming an increasingly important tool in modeling deformation and failure mechanisms of materials. Here we describe and analyze a recent one-billion-atom simulation of ductile materials failure [PNAS 99 (9) (2002) 5783] where the complexity of creation and collective behavior of thousands of dislocations are revealed, for the first time, from atomic to submicron length scales. The amount of information that can be extracted from such large-scale simulations is truly overwhelming, and graphic visualization of dynamic dislocation motion and interactions are breathtaking. We present some of our preliminary analysis of the one-billion-atom simulation which indicates several interesting and unique features characterizing interactions among a large number of dislocations. A sessile defect structure is observed to develop on the time scale of several picoseconds, effectively locking further dislocation motion and causing the material to work harden. We make analysis of the activated slip systems, the dislocation reactions leading to rigid junctions and the formation of sessile defect structure. In order to render the present study more comprehensive to the readers from a continuum plasticity background and stimulate further interests in this area of research, we also include some brief reviews of some of the previous studies as well as commonly used simulation, visualization and analysis techniques on atomistic modeling of dislocation plasticity. Finally, we discuss possible ways to link continuum mechanics theories of plasticity with atomistic simulation results via the dislocation density tensor. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - CONTINUUM mechanics
KW  - ANALYTICAL mechanics
KW  - 93
N1  - Accession Number: 15426582; Buehler, Markus J. 1 Hartmaier, Alexander 1 Gao, Huajian 1; Email Address: hjgao@mf.mpg.de Duchaineau, Mark 2 Abraham, Farid F. 3; Affiliation:  1: Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95120, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 193 Issue 48-51, p5257; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: CONTINUUM mechanics; Subject Term: ANALYTICAL mechanics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 93; Number of Pages: 26p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.066
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Creighton, S.L.
AU  - Regueiro, R.A.
AU  - Garikipati, K.
AU  - Klein, P.A.
AU  - Marin, E.B.
AU  - Bammann, D.J.
T1  - A variational multiscale method to incorporate strain gradients in a phenomenological plasticity model
JO  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
JF  - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering
Y1  - 2004/12/03/
VL  - 193
IS  - 48-51
M3  - Article
SP  - 5453
EP  - 5475
SN  - 00457825
AB  - Abstract: We treat mathematical and computational issues related to the incorporation of strain gradient terms in a phenomenological plasticity model. The strain gradients are associated with incompatibilities due to geometrically necessary dislocations, and are quantified by the Nye dislocation density tensor. When incorporated within a flow rule for the plastic strain rate, this tensor fundamentally alters the mathematical structure of the theory. Several computational complexities also arise as a result. These problems are posed in the setting of a variationally-based multiscale method. It allows the circumvention of some of the mathematical and computational difficulties associated with this model. The phenomenological plasticity model, its enhancement by strain gradients, formulation within a multiscale context and two numerical examples are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - DENSITY
KW  - PHENOMENOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 15426590; Creighton, S.L. 1 Regueiro, R.A. 2 Garikipati, K. 1; Email Address: krishna@engin.umich.edu Klein, P.A. 2 Marin, E.B. 2 Bammann, D.J. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2278 Brown Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-3170, USA  2: Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 193 Issue 48-51, p5453; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: DENSITY; Subject Term: PHENOMENOLOGY; Number of Pages: 23p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cma.2004.02.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Götmar, Gustaf
AU  - Asnin, Leonid
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Adsorption of the enantiomers of 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)-ethanol on silica-bonded chiral quinidine-carbamate
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/12/03/
VL  - 1059
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 43
EP  - 52
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Abstract: The adsorption isotherms of the enantiomers of 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)-ethanol from a toluene–acetonitrile solution onto a Chiris Chiral AX:QD1 column were measured using the pulse method. The isotherm data were modeled with a bi-Langmuir isotherm model, indicating the presence of two different types of adsorption sites on this stationary phase, nonselective and enantioselective sites. The latter are homogeneous but interact with both enantiomers, albeit with different energies. The thermodynamic characteristics of these two types of sites were characterized by their adsorption constants and saturation capacities and by the influence of the temperature on these different parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - Carbamates
KW  - Enantiomers
KW  - Quinidine
KW  - 2
KW  - 2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)-ethanol
KW  - 2-Trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)-ethanol
KW  - Chiral stationary phase
KW  - Enantiomer separation
KW  - Quinidine carbamate
N1  - Accession Number: 15447804; Götmar, Gustaf 1,2; Asnin, Leonid 1,2; Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Email Address: guiochon@utk.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, USA; 2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 1059 Issue 1/2, p43; Thesaurus Term: Alcohol; Thesaurus Term: Carbamates; Subject Term: Enantiomers; Subject Term: Quinidine; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)-ethanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2-Trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)-ethanol; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chiral stationary phase; Author-Supplied Keyword: Enantiomer separation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quinidine carbamate; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.10.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thränhardt, A.
AU  - Becker, S.
AU  - Schlichenmaier, C.
AU  - Kuznetsova, I.
AU  - Meier, T.
AU  - Koch, S. W.
AU  - Hader, J.
AU  - Moloney, J. V.
AU  - Chow, W. W.
T1  - Nonequilibrium gain in optically pumped GaInNAs laser structures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/06/
VL  - 85
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 5526
EP  - 5528
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A theory is presented which couples a dynamical laser model to a fully microscopic calculation of scattering effects. Calculations for two optically pumped GaInNAs laser structures show how this approach can be used to analyze nonequilibrium and dynamical laser properties over a wide range of system parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - INDIUM
KW  - ARSENIC
KW  - LASERS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 15305428; Thränhardt, A. 1; Email Address: angela.thracnhardt@physik.uni-marburg.de Becker, S. 1 Schlichenmaier, C. 1 Kuznetsova, I. 1 Meier, T. 1 Koch, S. W. 1 Hader, J. 2 Moloney, J. V. 2 Chow, W. W. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Materials Sciences Center, Philipps-University Marburg, Renthof 5, 35032 Marburg, Germany  2: Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0094.  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601.; Source Info: 12/6/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 23, p5526; Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: INDIUM; Subject Term: ARSENIC; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831570
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gao, F.
AU  - Bylaska, E. J.
AU  - El-Azab, A.
AU  - Weber, W. J.
T1  - Wannier orbitals and bonding properties of interstitial and antisite defects in GaN.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/06/
VL  - 85
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 5565
EP  - 5567
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Intrinsic interstitial and antisite defects in GaN have been studied using density functional theory (DFT), and their configurations, electronic structures, and bonding properties have been characterized using the Wannier function. All N interstitial configurations eventually transform into N--N split interstitials, between which two π orbitals exist. The relaxation of a Ga antisite defect also leads to the formation of a N--N split configuration; however, its local Wannier orbitals are remarkably different from the N--N split interstitial. The different local Wannier orbitals around Ga interstitial configurations demonstrate that Ga interstitials are critical defects in GaN. The most striking feature is that Ga--Ga 〈 11&2sline;0〉 split interstitials can bridge the gap between nonbonded Ga atoms, thereby leading to a chain of four metallic-like-bonded Ga atoms along the 〈11&2sline;0〉 direction in GaN, which may exhibit quantum properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEALING (Technology)
KW  - GALLIUM (Metal)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
N1  - Accession Number: 15305415; Gao, F. 1; Email Address: fei.gao@pnl.gov Bylaska, E. J. 1 El-Azab, A. 1 Weber, W. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 12/6/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 23, p5565; Subject Term: SEALING (Technology); Subject Term: GALLIUM (Metal); Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1827932
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15305415&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Johnson, M. C.
AU  - Lee, C. J.
AU  - Bourret-Courchesne, E. D.
AU  - Konsek, S. L.
AU  - Aloni, S.
AU  - Han1,, W. Q.
AU  - Zettl, A.
T1  - Growth and morphology of 0.80 eV photoemitting indium nitride nanowires.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/06/
VL  - 85
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 5670
EP  - 5672
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - InN nanowires with high efficiency photoluminescence emission at 0.80 eV are reported. InN nanowires were synthesized via a vapor solid growth mechanism from high purity indium metal and ammonia. The products consist of only hexagonal wurtzite phase InN. Scanning electron microscopy showed wires with diameters of 50–100 nm and having fairly smooth morphologies. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed high quality, single crystal InN nanowires which grew in the <0001> direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOEMISSION
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - INDIUM
KW  - NITRIDES
KW  - NANOWIRES
KW  - ELECTRIC wire
KW  - SCANNING electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15305380; Johnson, M. C. 1 Lee, C. J. 1 Bourret-Courchesne, E. D. 1; Email Address: edbourret@lbl.gov Konsek, S. L. 1,2 Aloni, S. 1,2 Han1,, W. Q. 2 Zettl, A. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Molecular Foundry, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS2R0200, Berkeley, California 94720-8197.  2: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 12/6/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 23, p5670; Subject Term: PHOTOEMISSION; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: INDIUM; Subject Term: NITRIDES; Subject Term: NANOWIRES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC wire; Subject Term: SCANNING electron microscopy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335920 Communication and energy wire and cable manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1831563
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15305380&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bouxsein, Nathan F.
AU  - Hirst, Linda S.
AU  - Youli Li
AU  - Safinya, Cyrus R.
AU  - Abu Samah, Zuruzi
AU  - MacDonald, Noel C.
AU  - Pynn, Roger
T1  - Alignment of filamentous proteins and associated molecules through confinement in microchannels.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/06/
VL  - 85
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 5775
EP  - 5777
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - A technique has been developed to study the structure and interaction of aligned filamentous proteins by confining them in surface-treated silicon microchannels. The micron-size channels induce the semiflexible biopolymers with comparable or larger persistence lengths than the channel width to naturally align parallel to the channel in solution, which facilitates structural studies by x-ray diffraction and optical imaging techniques. As a model system, we investigated the cross-linking of filamentous actin (F-actin) with the bundling protein α-actinin in the microchannels. Synchrotron x-ray diffraction and fluorescence microscopy were used to confirm that F-actin, when bundled in the device, conforms to the alignment of the channel geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - BIOPOLYMERS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - X-ray diffraction
KW  - ACTIN
KW  - ACTOMYOSIN
N1  - Accession Number: 15305346; Bouxsein, Nathan F. 1 Hirst, Linda S. 1 Youli Li 1 Safinya, Cyrus R. 1; Email Address: safinya@mrl.ucsb.edu Abu Samah, Zuruzi 2 MacDonald, Noel C. 2 Pynn, Roger 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Department, Physics Department, Materials Research Laboratory, and Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106  2: Materials Department, and Mechanical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.; Source Info: 12/6/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 23, p5775; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: BIOPOLYMERS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: X-ray diffraction; Subject Term: ACTIN; Subject Term: ACTOMYOSIN; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1830682
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15305346&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lutz, Jochen
AU  - Hollmann, Frank
AU  - Ho, The Vinh
AU  - Schnyder, Adrian
AU  - Fish, Richard H.
AU  - Schmid, Andreas
T1  - Bioorganometallic chemistry: biocatalytic oxidation reactions with biomimetic NAD+/NADH co-factors and [Cp*Rh(bpy)H]+ for selective organic synthesis
JO  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/06/
VL  - 689
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 4783
EP  - 4790
SN  - 0022328X
AB  - Abstract: The biocatalytic, regioselective hydroxylation of 2-hydroxybiphenyl to the corresponding catechol was accomplished utilizing the monooxygenase 2-hydroxybiphenyl 3-monooxygenase (HbpA). The necessary natural 1,4-dihydronicotinamde adenine dinucleotide (NADH) co-factor for this biocatalytic process was replaced by a biomimetic co-factor, N-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide, 1b. The interaction between the flavin (FAD) containing HbpA enzyme and the corresponding biomimetic NADH compound, N-benzyl-1,4-dihdronicotinamide, 1b, for hydride transfer, was shown to readily occur. The in situ recycling of the reduced NADH biomimic 1b from 1a was accomplished with [Cp*Rh(bpy)H](Cl); however, productive coupling of this regeneration reaction to the enzymatic hydroxylation reaction was not totally successful, due to a deactivation process concerning the HbpA enzyme peripheral groups; i.e., –SH or –NH2 possibly reacting with the precatalyst, [Cp*Rh(bpy)(H2O)](Cl)2, and thus inhibiting the co-factor regeneration process. The deactivation mechanism was studied, and a promising strategy of derivatizing these peripheral –SH or –NH2 groups with a polymer containing epoxide was successful in circumventing the undesired interaction between HbpA and the precatalyst. This latter strategy allowed tandem co-factor regeneration using 1a or 2a, [Cp*Rh(bpy)(H2O)](Cl)2, and formate ion, in conjunction with the polymer bound, FAD containing HbpA enzyme to provide the catechol product. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - HYDROXYLATION
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - POLYPHENOLS
KW  - Biocatalysis
KW  - Chemoenzymatic reactions
KW  - Co-factor regeneration
KW  - Epoxide polymer
KW  - Monoxygenase enzymes
KW  - NAD+/NADH biomimics
KW  - Organorhodium hydride
KW  - [Cp*Rh(bpy)(H)]+
N1  - Accession Number: 19266318; Lutz, Jochen 1 Hollmann, Frank 1 Ho, The Vinh 1 Schnyder, Adrian 1 Fish, Richard H. 2; Email Address: rhfish@lbl.gov Schmid, Andreas 1; Email Address: andreas.schmid@bci.uni-dortmund.de; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Biotechnology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Hoenggerberg, HPT, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS-70-108B, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 689 Issue 25, p4783; Subject Term: ENZYMES; Subject Term: HYDROXYLATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: POLYPHENOLS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biocatalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemoenzymatic reactions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Co-factor regeneration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Epoxide polymer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Monoxygenase enzymes; Author-Supplied Keyword: NAD+/NADH biomimics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Organorhodium hydride; Author-Supplied Keyword: [Cp*Rh(bpy)(H)]+; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.09.044
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19266318&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Huang, Chao-Shang
AU  - Jiang, Jing
AU  - Li, Tianjun
T1  - Supersymmetric  models inspired by deconstruction
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/12/06/
VL  - 702
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 130
SN  - 05503213
AB  - We consider 4-dimensional  supersymmetric  models inspired by deconstruction of 5-dimensional  supersymmetric orbifold  models and high-dimensional non-supersymmetric  models with Wilson line gauge symmetry breaking. We discuss the  models with bi-fundamental link fields where the gauge symmetry can be broken down to the Pati–Salam, , flipped  or the Standard Model like gauge symmetry. We also propose an  model with bi-fundamental link fields where the gauge symmetry is broken down to the Pati–Salam gauge symmetry, and an  model with bi-spinor link fields where the gauge symmetry is broken down to the flipped  gauge symmetry. In these two models, the Pati–Salam and flipped  gauge symmetry can be further broken down to the Standard Model gauge symmetry, the doublet–triplet splittings can be obtained by the missing partner mechanism, and the proton decay problem can be solved. We also study the gauge coupling unification. We briefly comment on the interesting variation models with gauge groups  and  in which the proton decay problem can be solved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR models
KW  - STANDARD model (Nuclear physics)
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - BROKEN symmetry (Physics)
KW  - 12.60.Jv
N1  - Accession Number: 14959931; Huang, Chao-Shang 1 Jiang, Jing 2; Email Address: jiangj@hep.anl.gov Li, Tianjun 3; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080, China  2: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: School of Natural Science, Institute for Advanced Study, Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 702 Issue 1/2, p109; Subject Term: NUCLEAR models; Subject Term: STANDARD model (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: BROKEN symmetry (Physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.Jv; Number of Pages: 22p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.09.023
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14959931&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leemans, Wim
T1  - Advances in Laser Driven Accelerator R&D.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 11
EP  - 28
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Current activities (last few years) at different laboratories, towards the development of a laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA) are reviewed, followed by a more in depth discussion of results obtained at the L’OASIS laboratory of LBNL. Recent results on laser guiding of relativistically intense beams in preformed plasma channels are discussed. The observation of mono-energetic beams in the 100 MeV energy range, produced by a channel guided LWFA at LBNL, is described and compared to results obtained in the unguided case at LOA, RAL and LBNL. Analysis, aided by particle-in-cell simulations, as well as experiments with various plasma lengths and densities, indicate that tailoring the length of the accelerator has a very beneficial impact on the electron energy distribution. Progress on laser triggered injection is reviewed. Results are presented on measurements of bunch duration and emittance of the accelerated electron beams, that indicate the possibility of generating femtosecond duration electron bunches. Future challenges and plans towards the development of a 1 GeV LWFA module are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696539; Leemans, Wim 1; Email Address: wpleemans@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 71-259, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p11; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842532
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696539&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pogorelsky, I. V.
T1  - Gas Lasers for Strong Field Applications.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 109
EP  - 124
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Atomic, molecular and excimer gas lasers employ variety of pumping schemes including electric discharge, optical, or chemical reactions and cover a broad spectral range from UV to far-IR. Several types of gas lasers are capable to produce multi-kilojoule pulses and kilowatts of average power. Among them, excimer and high-pressure molecular lasers have sufficient bandwidth for producing pico- and femtosecond pulses. Projects are under way and prospects are open to bring ultra-fast gas laser technology to the front lines of the advanced accelerator applications. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAS lasers
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - TECHNOLOGY
KW  - LASERS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696533; Pogorelsky, I. V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Test Facility, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 820, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p109; Subject Term: GAS lasers; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: LASERS; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842538
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696533&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rao, Triveni
AU  - Ben-Zvi, Ilan
AU  - Burrill, Andrew
AU  - Chang, Xiangyun
AU  - Hulbert, Steven
AU  - Johnson, Peter D.
AU  - Kewisch, Jörg
T1  - Diamond Amplifier For Photocathodes.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 190
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report a new approach to the generation of high-current, high-brightness electron beams. Primary electrons are produced by a photocathode (or other means) and are accelerated to a few thousand electron-volts, then strike a specially prepared diamond window. The large Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) provides a multiplication of the number of electrons by about two orders of magnitude. The secondary electrons drift through the diamond under an electric field and emerge into the accelerating region proper of the “gun” through a Negative Electron Affinity surface of the diamond. The advantages of the new approach include the following: 1. Reduction of the required number of primary electrons by the large SEY, i.e. we can utilize a very low laser power in a photocathode producing the primaries. 2. Low thermal emittance due to the NEA surface and the rapid thermalization of the electrons.3. Protection of the cathode from possible contamination from the gun, allowing the use of large quantum efficiency but sensitive cathodes. 4. Protection of the gun from possible contamination by the cathode, allowing the use of superconducting gun cavities. 5. Production of high average currents, up to ampere class. 6. Encapsulated design, making the “load-lock” systems unnecessary. This paper presents the criteria that need to be taken into account in designing the amplifier. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ELECTRONIC amplifiers
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696528; Rao, Triveni 1 Ben-Zvi, Ilan 1 Burrill, Andrew 1 Chang, Xiangyun 1 Hulbert, Steven 1 Johnson, Peter D. 1 Kewisch, Jörg 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p178; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC amplifiers; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842543
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696528&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimura, W. D.
AU  - Lidia, S. M.
T1  - EM Structure-Based Accelerators Working Group Summary.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 193
EP  - 205
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This Working Group (WG) focused on EM Structure-Based Accelerators, which covers a broad area of mechanisms and experiments. Topics covered included dielectric wakefield accelerators (DWA), photonic bandgap accelerators (PBGA), inverse free electron lasers (IFEL), vacuum laser accelerators (VLA), other novel schemes, and supporting analysis and modeling. In addition, this WG was tasked at the Workshop with developing conceptual (strawman) designs for a 1-GeV accelerator system based upon any of the experimentally-proven approaches covered in this WG. Two strawmen designs were developed based upon IFELs and DWAs. The presentations given and strawmen designs indicate great progress has been made in many areas. Proof-of-principle experiments will occur shortly in PBGA and VLA. Other well-proven devices, such as IFELs, are becoming accepted as “workhorse” providers of microbunches. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - PHOTONICS
KW  - FREE electron lasers
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696527; Kimura, W. D. 1,2 Lidia, S. M. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: STI Optronics, Inc., 2755 Northup Way, Bellevue, WA 98004  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p193; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: PHOTONICS; Subject Term: FREE electron lasers; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842544
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696527&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esarey, Eric
AU  - Tochitsky, Sergei
AU  - Milchberg, Howard M.
AU  - Schroeder, Carl B.
T1  - Summary Report of Working Group: Laser-Plasma Acceleration.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 223
EP  - 230
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A summary is given on the work presented and discussed in the Laser-Plasma Acceleration Working Group at the 2004 Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop, including the Plasma Acceleration Subgroup (Group-Leader: Eric Esarey; Co-Group-Leader: Sergei Tochitsky) and the Plasma Guiding Subgroup (Group-Leader: Howard Milchberg; Co-Group-Leader: Carl Schroeder). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696524; Esarey, Eric 1 Tochitsky, Sergei 2 Milchberg, Howard M. 3 Schroeder, Carl B. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720  2: Neptune Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095  3: Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p223; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842547
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696524&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cary, John R.
AU  - Bohn, Courtlandt L.
T1  - Computational Accelerator Physics Working Group Summary.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 231
EP  - 242
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The working group on computational accelerator physics at the 11th Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop held a series of meetings during the Workshop. Verification, i.e., showing that a computational application correctly solves the assumed model, and validation, i.e., showing that the model correctly describes the modeled system, were discussed for a number of systems. In particular, the predictions of the massively parallel codes, OSIRIS and VORPAL, used for modeling advanced accelerator concepts, were compared and shown to agree, thereby establishing some verification of both codes. In addition, a number of talks on the status and frontiers of computational accelerator physics were presented, to include the modeling of ultrahigh-brightness electron photoinjectors and the physics of beam halo production. Finally, talks discussing computational needs were presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696523; Cary, John R. 1,2 Bohn, Courtlandt L. 3,4; Affiliation:  1: University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309  2: Tech-X Corporation, 5621 Arapaho Ave., Suite A, Bouider, CO 80303  3: Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115  4: Fermilab, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-0500; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p231; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842548
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696523&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jing, C.
AU  - Konecny, R.
AU  - Gai, W.
AU  - Gold, S. H.
AU  - Power, J. G.
AU  - Kinkead, A. K.
AU  - Liu, W.
T1  - High Power rf Test on X-band MgxCa1-xTiO3 Based Dielectric-Loaded Accelerating Structure.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 258
EP  - 264
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this paper, we report experimental results on a series of high-power rf tests for dielectric-loaded accelerating (DLA) structures using a high power X-band Magnicon at the Naval Research Laboratory. The dielectric material loaded into this DLA structure is a commonly used high-Q ceramic, MgxCa1-xTiO3 (MCT), with a dielectric constant of 20. The purpose of these experiments is to study high-power phenomena in the DLA structure. Two important phenomena have been observed during these experiments. First, multipactor effects are strongly dependent on the dielectric material used in the DLA structure. In this case, the multipactor-induced power absorption threshold and trend to higher power differ when MCT is used instead of alumina. Second, although we did not observe dielectric breakdown in the bulk dielectric, breakdown occurred at the butt-joint between adjacent dielectric sections in the MCT structure. This occurs because of manufacturing imperfections of the joint that cause large, local field enhancements. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - DIELECTRIC devices
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696520; Jing, C. 1 Konecny, R. 1 Gai, W. 1 Gold, S. H. 2 Power, J. G. 1 Kinkead, A. K. 3 Liu, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  2: Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375  3: LET Corporation, Washington, DC 20007; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p258; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: DIELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842551
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696520&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Power, J. G.
AU  - Gai, W.
AU  - Gold, S. H.
AU  - Kinkead, A. K.
AU  - Konecny, R.
AU  - Jing, C.
AU  - Liu, W.
T1  - Experimental Study of Multipactor Suppression in a Dielectric-Loaded Accelerating Structure.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 265
EP  - 271
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - High power tests are currently being conducted on RF-driven dielectric-loaded accelerating (DLA) structures to determine their viability as traveling-wave accelerators. These tests are a collaborative effort between Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). In a previous high power test, single-surface multipactor was reported to be capable of absorbing more than half of the RF power incident on an alumina-based DLA structure. In this paper, we report on the most recent set of high power tests that are attempting to further understand multipactor and eventually suppress it. Several methods were employed to suppress multipactor including: the use of a magnetic field; a TIN surface coating; and a different dielectric material (Magnesium-Calcium-Titanate based). The effectiveness of these three methods are presented and discussed in the paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - DIELECTRIC devices
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696519; Power, J. G. 1; Email Address: jp@anl.gov Gai, W. 1 Gold, S. H. 2 Kinkead, A. K. 3 Konecny, R. 1 Jing, C. 1 Liu, W. 1; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375  3: LET Corporation, Washington, D.C. 20007; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p265; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: DIELECTRIC devices; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842552
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696519&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kanareykin, A.
AU  - Gai, W.
AU  - Power, J. G.
AU  - Schoessow, P.
T1  - Transformer Ratio Enhancement for Structure-Based Wakefield Acceleration.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 272
EP  - 280
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A limiting factor in the efficiency of wakefield accelerators is the fact that the transformer ratio R, the parameter that characterizes the energy transfer efficiency from the accelerating structure to the accelerated electron beam, is less than 2 for most technologically realizable beam-structure configurations. We are planning an experiment to study transformer ratio enhancement in a 13.625 GHz dielectric wakefield structure driven by a ramped bunch train. In this paper we present an experimental program for the demonstration of this Enhanced Transformer Ratio Dielectric Wakefield Accelerator (ETR-DWA). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696518; Kanareykin, A. 1 Gai, W. 2 Power, J. G. 2 Schoessow, P. 3; Affiliation:  1: Euclid Techlabs LLC, Solon OH 44139, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL, 60439, USA  3: Tech-X Corp., Boulder CO, 80303, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p272; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842553
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696518&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gold, Steven H.
AU  - Kinkead, Allen K.
AU  - Gai, Wei
AU  - Power, John G.
AU  - Konecny, Richard
AU  - Jing, Chunguang
AU  - Tantawi, Sami G.
AU  - Nantista, Christopher D.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Tang, C.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Bruce, Ralph W.
AU  - Bruce, Robert L.
AU  - Fliflet, Arne W.
AU  - Lewis, David
T1  - Development of a 20 MeV Dielectric-Loaded Accelerator Test Facility.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 287
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - This paper describes a joint project by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), in collaboration with the StanFord Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), to develop a dielectric-loaded accelerator (DLA) test facility powered by a high-power 11.424-GHz magnicon amplifier. The magnicon can presently produce 25 MW of output power in a 250-ns pulse at 10 Hz, and efforts are in progress to increase this to 50 MW. The facility will include a 5 MeV electron injector being developed by the Accelerator Laboratory of Tsinghua University in Beijing, China. The DLA test structures are being developed by ANL, and some have undergone testing at NRL at gradients up to ∼8 MV/m. SLAC is developing a means to combine the two magnicon output arms, and to drive an injector and accelerator with separate control of the power ratio and relative phase. RWBruce Associates, Inc., working with NRL, is developing a means to join short ceramic sections into a continuous accelerator tube by ceramic brazing using an intense millimeter-wave beam. The installation and testing of the first dielectric-loaded test accelerator, including injector, DLA structure, and spectrometer, should take place within the next year. The facility will be used for testing DLA structures using a variety of materials and configurations, and also for testing other X-band accelerator concepts. The initial goal is to produce a compact 20 MeV dielectric-loaded test accelerator. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - DIELECTRICS
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - CHINA
N1  - Accession Number: 15696517; Gold, Steven H. 1 Kinkead, Allen K. 2 Gai, Wei 3 Power, John G. 3 Konecny, Richard 3 Jing, Chunguang 3 Tantawi, Sami G. 4 Nantista, Christopher D. 4 Hu, Y. 5 Chen, H. 5 Tang, C. 5 Lin, Y. 5 Bruce, Ralph W. 6 Bruce, Robert L. 6 Fliflet, Arne W. 1 Lewis, David 7; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA  2: LET Corporation, Washington, DC 20007, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA  5: Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China  6: RWBruce Associates, Inc., Arnold, MD 21012, USA  7: Material Science and Technology Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p281; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: DIELECTRICS; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: CHINA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842554
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696517&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimura, W. D.
AU  - Babzien, M.
AU  - Ben-Zvi, I.
AU  - Campbell, L. C.
AU  - Cline, D. B.
AU  - Dilley, C. E.
AU  - Gallardo, J. C.
AU  - Gottschalk, S. C.
AU  - Kusche, K. P.
AU  - Pantell, R. H.
AU  - Pogorelsky, I. V.
AU  - Quimby, D. C.
AU  - Skaritka, J.
AU  - Steinhauer, L. C.
AU  - Yakimenko, V.
AU  - Zhou, F.
T1  - Model Comparisons with STELLA Experimental Results.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 335
EP  - 341
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - High-trapping efficiency and narrow energy spread in a staged laser acceleration system was demonstrated during the Staged Electron Laser Acceleration (STELLA) experiment. The experiment used inverse free electron lasers (IFEL) driven by the Brookhaven National Laboratory Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) CO2 laser. The First IFEL modulated the electron beam energy. A subsequent chicane created a train of ∼3 fs-long microbunches separated by 10.6 μm. These microbunches are trapped and accelerated in a second IFEL, where up to 80% trapping efficiencies and energy spreads down to 0.36% (1σ) were measured. This paper presents additional model comparisons with the data, and discusses the strengths and limitations of the model. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696510; Kimura, W. D. 1 Babzien, M. 2 Ben-Zvi, I. 2 Campbell, L. C. 1 Cline, D. B. 3 Dilley, C. E. 1 Gallardo, J. C. 2 Gottschalk, S. C. 1 Kusche, K. P. 1,2 Pantell, R. H. 4 Pogorelsky, I. V. 2 Quimby, D. C. 1 Skaritka, J. 2 Steinhauer, L. C. 5 Yakimenko, V. 2 Zhou, F. 3; Affiliation:  1: STI Optronics, Inc., 2755 Northup Way, Bellevue, WA 98004  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  3: University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095  4: Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305  5: University of Washington, Redmond Plasma Physics Laboratory, Redmond, WA 98052; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p335; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842561
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696510&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, F.
AU  - Cline, D.
AU  - Ho, Y.
AU  - Kusche, K.
AU  - Pogorelsky, I.
AU  - Shao, L.
AU  - Yakimenko, V.
T1  - Experimental Test For Novel Vacuum Laser Acceleration at the BNL-ATF.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 349
EP  - 355
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A recently developed theoretical model revealed that the injection electrons with low-energy (5–20 MeV) and small incident angle (θ∼0.1) relative to the laser propagation direction can be captured and significantly accelerated in a strong laser field (a0 >=4), and the energy gain can reach a few GeV with a0 >100. To verify the novel VLA mechanics, we propose to use the BNL-ATF Terawatt CO2 laser and a high-brightness electron beam to carry out a proof-of-principle beam experiment. Conditions for the beam test are investigated. Simulation results with practical ATF parameters are presented. Experiment setup including the laser injection optics and electron extraction system is described. Diagnostics to measure angular distribution and energy spectrum of output electrons are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696508; Zhou, F. 1 Cline, D. 1 Ho, Y. 2 Kusche, K. 3 Pogorelsky, I. 3 Shao, L. 1 Yakimenko, V. 3; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095  2: Fudan University, Shanghai, China  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p349; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842563
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696508&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A. H.
AU  - Scarpine, V. E.
T1  - Applications with Intense OTR Images I: 120-GeV Protons.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 359
EP  - 364
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Although the optical transition radiation (OTR) mechanism has been used in many electron-beam imaging applications, proton-beam applications have been somewhat limited. One needs both a high charge intensity and a high-gamma beam so the OTR can be collected with reasonable efficiency. In the case of the accelerator complex at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), the main injector generates a 120-GeV proton beam with an intensity of ∼5 × 1012 for bombardment of the antiproton production target. This option satisfies both criteria, and the OTR is so bright that attenuation by 1000 with neutral density filters was needed to avoid saturating the CID camera when a 20-μm thin foil was used as the converter screen. Based on this success, OTR stations are being planned for the antiproton transport line to the Tevatron to assist in evaluating beam match and emittance. The ultimate goal is to improve the collider luminosity in Run II by optimizing the antiproton beam optics. Foil damage and radiation damage issues in this environment will also be briefly addressed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696507; Lumpkin, A. H. 1 Scarpine, V. E. 2; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 60439  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p359; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842564
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696507&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gilpatrick, J. D.
T1  - Wide Dynamic Range Beam Diagnostics Measurements for Ion Accelerators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
EP  - 371
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - As light- and heavy-ion accelerator technology progresses, there will be a further demand for charged particle beam instrumentation to measure beam parameters over a very wide dynamic range. There are several different ways to express a beam diagnostic instrument’s ability to measure the beam’s characteristics over a wide dynamic range. For example, presently beam profiles are measured over current ranges of 1 to 100 mA (in the case of the Low Energy Demonstration Accelerator) or 1 to 20 mA in the case of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center facility. The beam current dynamic range requirements are based on the facilities users’ needs and the facilities ability to tune the associated accelerators and beamlines. However, as peak beam currents requirements rise, the beam’s halo may be lost to beam line components during tuning and operation facility conditions resulting in unwanted beam pipe radioactivation. To minimize these lost beam debilitating conditions, future beam profile measurements will need to measure further out in the beam distributions, i.e., driving the needs for beam profile measurement to be measured over greater dynamic ranges. Finally, future ion accelerator facilities will require measuring all beam diagnostics parameters over a large variety of charge-to-mass ratios and experimenter delivered beam current requirements. These new additional requirements will drive beam profiles to be acquired over at least a 1000:1 peak current ratio. This presentation will discuss the present typical dynamic ranges for such common beam measurements, such as beam position and profiles and provide examples of future wide dynamic range beam measurements. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - ION accelerators
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696506; Gilpatrick, J. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p365; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: ION accelerators; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842565
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696506&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - van Tilborg, J.
AU  - Geddes, C. G. R.
AU  - Tóth, C.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Schroeder, C. B.
AU  - Martin, M. C.
AU  - Hao, Z.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Coherent Transition Radiation From a Laser Wakefield Accelerator as an Electron Bunch Diagnostic.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
EP  - 378
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The observation and modeling of coherent transition radiation from femtosecond laser-accelerated electron bunches is discussed. The coherent transition radiation, scaling quadratically with bunch charge, is generated as the electrons transit the plasma-vacuum boundary. Due to the limited transverse radius of the plasma boundary, diffraction effects will strongly modify the angular distribution and the total energy radiated is reduced compared to an infinite transverse boundary. The multi-nC electron bunches, concentrated in a length of a few plasma periods (several tens of microns), experience partial charge neutralization while propagating inside the plasma towards the boundary. This reduces the space-charge blowout of the beam, allowing for coherent radiation at relatively high frequencies (several THz). The charge distribution of the electron bunch at the plasma-vacuum boundary can be derived from Fourier analysis of the coherent part of the transition radiation spectrum. A Michelson interferometer was used to measure the coherent spectrum, and electron bunches with duration on the order of 50 fs (rms) were observed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696505; van Tilborg, J. 1,2 Geddes, C. G. R. 1,3 Tóth, C. 1 Esarey, E. 1 Schroeder, C. B. 1 Martin, M. C. 1 Hao, Z. 1 Leemans, W. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, the Netherlands  3: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p372; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842566
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lumpkin, A. H.
AU  - Dejus, R. J.
AU  - Rule, D. W.
T1  - Applications with Intense OTR Images II: Microbunched Electron Beams.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 379
EP  - 385
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In this second application for intense images we take advantage of the coherent enhancement of optical transition radiation (OTR) due to self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL)-induced microbunching of the beam. A much smaller number of total particles is involved, but the microbunched fraction (NB) gives a NB2 enhancement. We report measurements on the z-dependent growth of the coherent OTR (COTR) and the effects of beam size and electron beam/photon beam coalignment in the COTR interferograms. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - LASERS
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PHOTON beams
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696504; Lumpkin, A. H. 1 Dejus, R. J. 1 Rule, D. W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p379; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PHOTON beams; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842567
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696504&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Michel, Pierre
AU  - Esarey, Eric
AU  - Schroeder, Carl B.
AU  - Tóth, Csaba
AU  - Leemans, Wim P.
AU  - Schneider, Dieter
T1  - Thomson scattering from laser wakefield accelerators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 393
EP  - 399
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The production of ultrashort (fs) x-ray pulses through Thomson scattering of high power laser pulses off relativistic electron bunches generated by laser-plasma accelerators is discussed. These accelerators can typically produce two types of electron bunches: i) a high charge bunch with a broad energy distribution, resulting in x-ray pulses with high flux and a broadband spectrum, and ii) electron bunches with a narrow energy distribution, resulting in an ultrashort x-ray pulse with a nearly monochromatic spectrum. Nonlinear Thomson scattering (high laser intensity) will be considered, as well as the effects of the laser pulse profile. Thomson scattering may provide a useful diagnostic for determining the electron bunch properties via the scattering x-ray spectrum. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering
KW  - PHOTON scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - X-rays
N1  - Accession Number: 15696502; Michel, Pierre 1 Esarey, Eric 1 Schroeder, Carl B. 1 Tóth, Csaba 1 Leemans, Wim P. 1 Schneider, Dieter 2; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p393; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering; Subject Term: PHOTON scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: X-rays; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842569
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696502&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kim, K. Y.
AU  - Kumarappan, V.
AU  - Alexeev, I.
AU  - Antonsen, T. M.
AU  - Milchberg, H. M.
T1  - Diagnostic of Laser-Plasmas: Single-shot Supercontinuum Spectral Interferometry.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 407
EP  - 413
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Ultrafast optical diagnostics play a vital role in probing the dynamics in laser-matter interactions, including those observed in the high intensity ultrashort laser pulse regime. We developed a new femtosecond optical diagnostic, single-shot supercontinuum spectral interferometry (SSSI), which measures ultra-rapid transients in the complex index of refraction induced by an intense laser pulse. This measurement provides a direct view on how the laser-produced perturbations evolve in time and space. To date, SSSI has been successfully used to diagnose femtosecond dynamics in the interaction of intense laser pulses with gases, nanometer-sized atomic or molecular clusters, and plasmas, including plasma waveguides. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - INTERFEROMETRY
KW  - OPTICAL measurements
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696500; Kim, K. Y. 1 Kumarappan, V. 2 Alexeev, I. 3 Antonsen, T. M. 4 Milchberg, H. M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  2: Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20770  3: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D. C. 20375, USA.  4: Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20770; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p407; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: INTERFEROMETRY; Subject Term: OPTICAL measurements; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842571
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696500&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thompson, M. C.
AU  - Rosenzweig, J. B.
AU  - Travish, G.
AU  - Barov, N.
AU  - Edwards, H.
AU  - Piot, P.
AU  - Santucci, J.
AU  - Tikhoplav, R.
T1  - Status of the UCLA/NICADD Plasma Density Transition Trapping Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 440
EP  - 446
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Plasma density transition trapping is a recently proposed self-injection scheme for plasma wake-field accelerators. This technique uses a sharp downward plasma density transition to trap and accelerate background plasma electrons in a plasma wake-field. This paper recounts the first attempt to demonstrate density transition trapping experimentally. The goal of the experiment is to capture a ∼ 100 pC, 1.5 MeV beam with 4% rms energy spread out of a 2.5×1013 cm-3 peak density plasma using a 6nC, 14 MeV drive beam. The first experimental run occurred at the Fermilab NICADD Photoinjector Laboratory (FNPL) between January and May 2004. While several key objectives were achieved, we were unable to achieve the drive beam parameters necessary for the experiment due to technical problems. We are in the process of resolving these problems in preparation for a second experimental run. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PLASMA density
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - PARTICLE beams
N1  - Accession Number: 15696496; Thompson, M. C. Rosenzweig, J. B. Travish, G. 1 Barov, N. 2 Edwards, H. Piot, P. Santucci, J. 3 Tikhoplav, R. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095  2: Northern Illinois University Department of Physics, DeKalb, IL 60115  3: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510  4: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p440; Subject Term: PLASMA density; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842575
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696496&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shadwick, B. A.
AU  - Tarkenton, G. M.
AU  - Esarey, E. H.
T1  - Thermal Effects in Intense Laser-Plasma Interactions.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
EP  - 455
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present an overview of a new warm fluid model that incorporates leading-order kinetic corrections to the cold fluid model without making any near-equilibrium assumptions. In the quasi-static limit we obtain analytical expressions for the momentum spread and show excellent agreement with solutions of the full time-dependant equations. It is shown that over a large range of initial plasma temperatures, the fields are relatively insensitive to the pressure force. We discussion implications of this work for model validation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696495; Shadwick, B. A. 1,2 Tarkenton, G. M. 2 Esarey, E. H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Institute for Advanced Physics, Suite 199, 10875 US Hwy 285, Conifer, CO 80433; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p449; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842576
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696495&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bohn, Courtlandt L.
T1  - Collective Modes and Colored Noise as Beam-Halo Amplifiers.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 456
EP  - 461
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - As illustrated herein, collective modes and colored noise conspire to produce beam halo with much larger amplitude than could be generated by either phenomenon separately. Collective modes are inherent to nonequilibrium beams with space charge. Colored noise arises from unavoidable machine transitions and/or errors that influence the internal space-charge force. Lowest-order radial eigenmodes calculated self-consistently for a direct-current, cylindrically symmetric, warm-fluid Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij equilibrium serve to model the collective modes. Even with weak space charge, small-amplitude collective modes, and weak noise strength, a pronounced halo is seen to develop if these phenomena act on the beam over a sufficiently long time, such as in a synchrotron or storage ring. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - EQUILIBRIUM
KW  - NOISE
KW  - SYNCHROTRONS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696494; Bohn, Courtlandt L. 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Northern Illinois University, Department of Physics, DeKalb, IL 60115  2: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p456; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: EQUILIBRIUM; Subject Term: NOISE; Subject Term: SYNCHROTRONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842577
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696494&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Xiangyun
AU  - Ben-Zvi, Ilan
AU  - Kewisch, Jörg
T1  - Compensation For Bunch Emittance In A Magnetization And Space Charge Dominated Beam.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 462
EP  - 468
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - In order to obtain sufficient cooling rates for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) electron cooling, a bunched beam with high bunch charge, high repetition frequency and high energy is required and it is necessary to use a “magnetized” beam, i.e., an electron beam with non-negligible angular momentum. Applying a longitudinal solenoid field on the cathode can generate such a beam, which rotates around its longitudinal axis in a field-free region. This paper suggests how a magnetized beam can be accelerated and transported from a RF photocathode electron gun to the cooling section without significantly increasing its emittance. The evolution of longitudinal slices of the beam under a combination of space charge and magnetization is investigated, using paraxial envelope equations and numerical simulations. We find that we must modify the traditional method of compensating for emittance as used for normal non-magnetized beam with space charge to account for magnetization. The results of computer simulations of successful compensation are presented. Alternately, we show an electron bunch density distribution for which all slices propagate uniformly and which does not require emittance compensation. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics)
KW  - MOMENTUM (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696493; Chang, Xiangyun 1 Ben-Zvi, Ilan 1 Kewisch, Jörg 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p462; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics); Subject Term: MOMENTUM (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842578
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696493&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dimitrov, D. A.
AU  - Bruhwiler, D. L.
AU  - Cary, J. R.
AU  - Messmer, P.
AU  - Geddes, C.
AU  - Leemans, W.
AU  - Esarey, E.
T1  - Particle-in-cell simulations of intense laser pulses coupling into plasma channels.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 469
EP  - 477
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The guiding of intense laser pulses in plasma channels is necessary to maximize the energy of electrons accelerated in a laser wakefield accelerator. A significant fraction of the energy in the laser pulse may be lost during and after coupling from vacuum into a channel. For example, imperfect coupling can lead to enhanced leakage of laser energy transversely through the channel walls. We present 2D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, using the VORPAL code, of an example problem. We present a numerical diagnostic, based on simultaneous FFT’s in space and time, which enables quantitative measurements of forward and backward propagating pulse energy and its spectra. Future work will be directed toward VORPAL parameter studies designed to optimize the amount of laser energy that couples into a channel. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
N1  - Accession Number: 15696492; Dimitrov, D. A. 1 Bruhwiler, D. L. 1 Cary, J. R. 1,2 Messmer, P. 1 Geddes, C. 3 Leemans, W. 3 Esarey, E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Tech-X Corporation, 5621 Arapahoe Avenue, Suite A, Boulder, Colorado 80303  2: Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p469; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842579
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lewellen, John W.
T1  - High-Brightness Injector Modeling.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 483
EP  - 493
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - There are many aspects to the successful conception, design, fabrication, and operation of high-brightness electron beam sources. Accurate and efficient modeling of the injector are critical to all phases of the process, from evaluating initial ideas to successful diagnosis of problems during routine operation. The basic modeling tasks will vary from design to design, according to the basic nature of the injector (dc, rf, hybrid, etc.), the type of cathode used (thermionic, photo, field emitter, etc.), and “macro” factors such as average beam current and duty factor, as well as the usual list of desired beam properties. The injector designer must be at least aware of, if not proficient at addressing, the multitude of issues that arise from these considerations; and, as high-brightness injectors continue to move out of the laboratory, the number of such issues will continue to expand. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - THERMIONIC emission
KW  - IONS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696490; Lewellen, John W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p483; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: THERMIONIC emission; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842581
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696490&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kumarappan, V.
AU  - Kim, K.-Y.
AU  - Antonsen, T. M.
AU  - Milchberg, H. M.
T1  - Guiding of Intense Laser Pulses in Efficient End-pumped Plasma Channels Generated by Self-guiding in Ar and H2 Clusters.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 497
EP  - 503
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We demonstrate that self-guiding of intense short pulses in clustered gases can be utilized to generate long plasma channels, which upon expansion form waveguides suitable for propagation of laser pulses at high intensity. This scheme has several advantages over waveguide-generation in non-clustered gases. The absorption of energy by the target depends on the size of the clusters and not on the average density of the gas, which allows greater control of the density encountered by the guided pulse. In particular, electron densities less than 1018 cm-3 are feasible. Moreover, since clusters absorb sub-picosecond pulses very efficiently, channel generation by an auxiliary long-pulse laser is no longer necessary and a considerably simpler setup suffices. The problem of taper at the channel entrance, an old bugbear of side-pumped waveguides in gases, is shown to be significantly reduced. Evidence will be presented of waveguide generation in gases of argon and hydrogen clusters, using different cryogenic sources. A slit source is used for argon, and waveguides < 1 cm could be formed, in which laser pulses with intensity > 1017 Wcm-2 were guided. The results of a propagation code suggest that even longer channels are well within experimental reach. Argon, however, has the disadvantage that a super-intense pulse would likely produce further ionization, and hence suffer ionization induced defocusing. Hydrogen clusters, which can easily be fully ionized, were formed using a more efficient conical nozzle cooled to 90 K, limiting maximum waveguide lengths to < 3 mm. Though these channels are short, there is no obvious reason why a longer target would not allow longer waveguides to be generated, and the experiments demonstrate the utility of this novel scheme. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - GASES
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - IONIZED gases
KW  - LASER plasmas
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696489; Kumarappan, V. 1 Kim, K.-Y. 2 Antonsen, T. M. 3 Milchberg, H. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.  3: Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p497; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: GASES; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: IONIZED gases; Subject Term: LASER plasmas; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842582
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696489&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pogorelsky, I. V.
AU  - Pavlishin, I. V.
AU  - Ben-Zvi, I.
AU  - Yakimenko, V.
AU  - Kumita, T.
AU  - Kamiya, Y.
AU  - Zigler, A.
AU  - Diublov, A.
AU  - Andreev, N.
AU  - Bobrova, N.
AU  - Sasorov, P.
T1  - Experiments on Laser and e-Beam Transport and Interaction in a Plasma Channel.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 504
EP  - 511
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An ablative capillary discharge is installed into a linac beamline and serves as a plasma source for generating and characterizing wakefields. Simultaneously, the electron beam is used as a tool for plasma diagnostics. A high-energy picosecond CO2 laser channeled within the same capillary strongly affects a counterpropagating electron beam. These observations, supported with simulations, suggest the possibility of manipulating relativistic electron beams by steep plasma channels ponderomotively produced by a laser. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696488; Pogorelsky, I. V. 1 Pavlishin, I. V. 1 Ben-Zvi, I. 1 Yakimenko, V. 1 Kumita, T. 2 Kamiya, Y. 2 Zigler, A. 3 Diublov, A. 4 Andreev, N. 5 Bobrova, N. 6 Sasorov, P. 6; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Test Facility, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 820, Upton, NY 11973  2: Physics Department, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan  3: Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel  4: Optoel Co, St. Petersburg, Russia  5: Inst. High Density Energy, Moscow, Russia  6: Inst. Theoretical and Experimental Phys., Moscow, Russia; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p504; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842583
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696488&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geddes, C. G. R.
AU  - Toth, Cs.
AU  - Van Tilborg, J.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Schroeder, C. B.
AU  - Bruhwiler, D.
AU  - Nieter, C.
AU  - Cary, J.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Laser Guiding at Relativistic Intensities and Wakefield Particle Acceleration in Plasma Channels.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 521
EP  - 527
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Electron beams with hundreds of picoCoulombs of charge in percent energy spread at above 80 MeV, and with few milliradian divergence, have been produced for the first time in a high gradient laser wakefield accelerator by guiding the drive laser pulse. Channels formed by hydrodynamic shock were used to guide acceleration relevant laser intensities of at least 1E18 W/cm2 at the guide output over more than 10 Rayleigh lengths at LBNL’s l’OASIS facility (10 TW, 2E19 W/cm2). The pondermotive force of the laser pulse drove an intense plasma wave, producing acceleration gradients on the order of 100 GV/m. Electrons were trapped from the background plasma and accelerated. By extending the acceleration length using the guiding channel, the energy of the electron beam was greatly increased, and bunches of small energy spread and low emittance were formed. Experiments varying gas jet length as well as simulations indicate that the high quality beams were formed when beam loading turned off injection after an initial load, producing an isolated bunch, and when that bunch was subsequently accelerated to the dephasing length at which point it rotated in phase space to produce low energy spread. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - RAYLEIGH waves
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696486; Geddes, C. G. R. 1,2 Toth, Cs. 1 Van Tilborg, J. 1,3 Esarey, E. 1 Schroeder, C. B. 1 Bruhwiler, D. 4 Nieter, C. 4 Cary, J. 4,5 Leemans, W. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley CA 94720  2: University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720  3: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Postbus 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands  4: Tech-X Corporation, 5621 Arapahoe Ave. Suite A, Boulder CO, 80303  5: University of Colorado, Boulder CO, 80309; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p521; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: RAYLEIGH waves; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842585
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696486&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kimura, W. D.
AU  - Andreev, N. E.
AU  - Babzien, M.
AU  - Ben-Zvi, I.
AU  - Cline, D. B.
AU  - Dilley, C. E.
AU  - Gottschalk, S. C.
AU  - Hooker, S. M.
AU  - Kusche, K. P.
AU  - Kuznetsov, S. V.
AU  - Pantell, R. H.
AU  - Pavlishin, I. V.
AU  - Pogorelsky, I. V.
AU  - Pogosova, A. A.
AU  - Steinhauer, L. C.
AU  - Ting, A.
AU  - Yakimenko, V.
AU  - Zigler, A.
AU  - Zhou, F.
T1  - Laser Wakefield Acceleration Driven by ATF CO2 Laser (STELLA-LW).
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 534
EP  - 540
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A new experiment has begun that builds upon the successful Staged Electron Laser Acceleration (STELLA) experiment, which demonstrated high-trapping efficiency and narrow energy spread in a staged laser-driven accelerator. STELLA was based upon inverse free electron lasers (IFEL); the new experiment, called STELLA-LW, is based upon laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA). The first phase of STELLA-LW will be to demonstrate LWFA in a capillary discharge driven by the Brookhaven National Laboratory Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) terawatt CO2 laser beam. This will be the first time LWFA is conducted at 10.6-μm laser wavelength. It will also be operating in an interesting pseudo-resonant regime where the laser pulse length is too long for resonant LWFA, but too short for self-modulated LWFA. Analysis has shown that in pseudo-resonant LWFA, pulse-steepening effects occur on the laser pulse that permits generation of strong wakefields. Various approaches are being explored for the capillary discharge including polypropylene and hydrogen-filled capillaries. Planned diagnostics for the experiment include coherent Thomson scattering (CTS) to detect the wakefield generation. This will be one of the first times CTS is used on a capillary discharge. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - THOMSON scattering
N1  - Accession Number: 15696484; Kimura, W. D. 1 Andreev, N. E. 2 Babzien, M. 3 Ben-Zvi, I. 3 Cline, D. B. 4 Dilley, C. E. 1 Gottschalk, S. C. 1 Hooker, S. M. 5 Kusche, K. P. 3 Kuznetsov, S. V. 2 Pantell, R. H. 6 Pavlishin, I. V. 3 Pogorelsky, I. V. 3 Pogosova, A. A. 2 Steinhauer, L. C. 7 Ting, A. 8 Yakimenko, V. 3 Zigler, A. 9 Zhou, F. 4; Affiliation:  1: STI Optronics, Inc., Bellevue, WA 98004-1495  2: Institute for High Energy Densities, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125412, Russia  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973  4: University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095  5: University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom  6: Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305  7: University of Washington, Redmond Plasma Physics Laboratory, Redmond, WA 98052  8: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375  9: Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p534; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842587
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696484&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schroeder, C. B.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Shadwick, B. A.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Trapping and Dark Current in Plasma-Based Accelerators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 564
EP  - 570
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The trapping of thermal electrons in a nonlinear plasma wave of arbitrary phase velocity is investigated. The threshold plasma wave amplitude for trapping plasma electrons is calculated, thereby determining the fraction trapped and the expected dark current in a plasma-based accelerator. It is shown that the presence of a laser field (e.g., trapping in the self-modulated regime of the laser wakefield accelerator) increases the trapping threshold. Implications for experimental and numerical laser-plasma studies are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - THERMAL electrons
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - LASER-plasma interactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15696479; Schroeder, C. B. 1 Esarey, E. 1 Shadwick, B. A. 1 Leemans, W. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p564; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: THERMAL electrons; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: LASER-plasma interactions; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842592
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696479&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Shadwick, B. A.
AU  - Schroeder, C. B.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Nonlinear Pump Depletion and Electron Dephasing in Laser Wakefield Accelerators.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 578
EP  - 584
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The nonlinear evolution of sub-ps laser pulses in underdense plasmas is analyzed for arbitrary laser intensity. Expressions for the nonlinear pump depletion, pulse steepening, and frequency shift of the laser pulse are derived. Numerical calculations based on fluid models that show the interplay between electron dephasing and pump depletion are presented. Implications for an optimized design of a 1 GeV laser-plasma-based accelerator stage are discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696477; Esarey, E. 1 Shadwick, B. A. 1,2 Schroeder, C. B. 1 Leemans, W. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: Institute for Advanced Physics, Suite 199, 10875 US Hwy 285, Conifer, CO 80433; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p578; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842594
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696477&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schroeder, C. B.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Beam Conditioning for Free-Electron Lasers via Thomson Scattering.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 628
EP  - 634
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Conditioning electron beams using Thomson scattering is analyzed. The conditioning provides a quadratic correlation between the electron energy deviation and the betatron amplitude of the electrons, which results in enhanced gain in free-electron lasers. Quantum effects imply conditioning must occur at high laser fluence and moderate electron energy. Conditioning of x-ray free-electron lasers should be achievable with present laser technology, leading to significant size and cost reductions of these large-scale facilities. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering
KW  - PHOTON scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15696470; Schroeder, C. B. 1 Esarey, E. 1 Leemans, W. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p628; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering; Subject Term: PHOTON scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842601
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696470&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Conde, Manoel E.
AU  - Antipov, Sergey
AU  - Gai, Wei
AU  - Jing, Chunguang
AU  - Konecny, Richard
AU  - Liu, Wanming
AU  - Power, John G.
AU  - Wang, Haitao
AU  - Yusof, Zikri
T1  - The Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility: Capabilities and Experiments.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 657
EP  - 662
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A description of the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator is presented, pointing out the unique capabilities of the facility. A photocathode RF gun produces electron bunches with tens of nanocoulombs of charge, which are used to excite wakefields. A second photocathode RF gun generates electron bunches that are used to probe these wakefields. An overview of the experimental program carried out at the facility is also presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - PHOTOCATHODES
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - PLASMA waves
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696466; Conde, Manoel E. 1 Antipov, Sergey 2 Gai, Wei 1 Jing, Chunguang 2 Konecny, Richard 1 Liu, Wanming 1 Power, John G. 1 Wang, Haitao 2 Yusof, Zikri 1; Affiliation:  1: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  2: Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p657; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: PHOTOCATHODES; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: PLASMA waves; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842605
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696466&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yakimenko, Vitaly
T1  - The Accelerator Test Facility at Brookhaven: Main capabilities.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 683
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Brookhaven National Laboratory’s (BNL’s) Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) is a user facility for accelerator- and beam- physics. Researchers from national and foreign universities, the DOE’s national laboratories, and small businesses can carry out their experiments here, thereby relieving their institutions and companies from the large investment in accelerators, lasers, control and diagnostic equipment, and trained accelerator operators, all of which BNL’s ATF offers. The main emphasis of this paper is on the capabilities of the ATF that I illustrate by discussing a few experiments. More detailed information can be obtained from the ATF web site: http://www.bnl.gov/atf. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - LABORATORIES
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696463; Yakimenko, Vitaly 1; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11790; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p677; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: LABORATORIES; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541380 Testing Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 621511 Medical Laboratories; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541940 Veterinary Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842608
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696463&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smirnova, E. I.
AU  - Earley, L. M.
AU  - Mastovky, I.
AU  - Shapiro, M. A.
AU  - Temkin, R. J.
T1  - Progress on the MIT Photonic Band Gap Accelerator Experiment.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 783
EP  - 789
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report the progress on the design and cold test of metallic photonic band gap (PBG) resonators and PBG accelerator structures. First, an 11 GHz PBG resonator, which can be utilized as an accelerator cavity with reduced long-range wakefields, was constructed and tested. The higher-order-modes suppression was proved in the cold test. A Q-factor of 5000 was achieved for a brazed resonator. Next, a 6-cell 17.137 GHz PBG accelerator structure with reduced long-range wakefields was designed. A high Q 6-cell 17.137 GHz PBG accelerator was electroformed and is currently cold tested. A PBG structure will be tested at high power and will be used to accelerate an electron beam at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - RESONATORS
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
N1  - Accession Number: 15696448; Smirnova, E. I. 1,2 Earley, L. M. 2 Mastovky, I. 1 Shapiro, M. A. 1 Temkin, R. J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p783; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: RESONATORS; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842623
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696448&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brown, Winthrop J.
AU  - Hartemann, Frederic V.
T1  - Brightness Optimization of Ultra-Fast Thomson Scattering X-ray Sources.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 839
EP  - 845
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We present simple scaling relations of the brightness a Thomson x-ray source on the electron and laser beam parameters in the case of a head (180 degree) interaction geometry. In particular, it is shown that a direct relation exists between the x-ray brightness and the electron beam brightness. These relations are discussed in the context of the PLEIADES Thomson x-ray source, where 107 photons per pulse, with photon energies as high as 140 keV, have been produced by colliding a 0.25 nC, picosecond electron bunch with a 500 mJ, 50 fs, 800 nm laser pulse. The estimated peak brightness of the source is about 1016 photons/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1 %b.w. A comparison of the current performance of the source and the predicted performance using optimized parameters is presented. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THOMSON scattering
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering
KW  - X-rays
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696440; Brown, Winthrop J. 1 Hartemann, Frederic V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p839; Subject Term: THOMSON scattering; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC wave scattering; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842631
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696440&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, Xiangyun
AU  - Ben-Zvi, Ilan
AU  - Kewisch, Jörg
T1  - Design Considerations For Low Field Short Photo-Injected RF Electron Gun With High Charge Electron Bunch.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 880
EP  - 886
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The RF field and space charge effect in a low field RF gun is given. The cell lengths are modified to have maximum accelerating efficiency. The modification introduces an extra RF field slice emittance. The phase space evolution of the following emittance compensation system is presented taking into account the chromatic effect. The emittance compensation mechanics for RF field and chromatic effect induced emittance is similar to that of compensating the space charge induced emittance. But the requirements are different to have best compensation for them. The beam waist is far in front of linac entrance to have best compensation for the RF field and chromatic effect induced emittance. For low field RF gun with high charge electron bunch this compensation is more important. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON gun
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - SPACE charge
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696434; Chang, Xiangyun 1 Ben-Zvi, Ilan 1 Kewisch, Jörg 1; Affiliation:  1: Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p880; Subject Term: ELECTRON gun; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: SPACE charge; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842637
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696434&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fubiani, G.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Nakamura, K.
AU  - Schroeder, C. B.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Enhancement of Laser Injection Methods by Plasma Density Gradients.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 887
EP  - 893
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Plasma density down-ramps are proposed as a method for improving the performance of laser injection schemes. A decrease in density implies an increase in plasma wavelength, which can shift a relativistic electron from the defocusing to the focusing region of the accelerating wakefield. Also, a decrease in density leads to a decrease in wake phase velocity, which lowers the trapping threshold. The specific method of two-pulse colliding pulse injector was examined using a 3D test particle tracking code. A density down-ramp of 30% led to an order of magnitude enhancement of the trapping fraction compared to the uniform plasma case, without degrading other bunch properties. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASER beams
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696433; Fubiani, G. 1,2 Esarey, E. 1 Nakamura, K. 1,3 Schroeder, C. B. 1 Leemans, W. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: University of Paris XI, Orsay, France  3: University of Tokyo, Japan; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p887; Subject Term: LASER beams; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842638
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696433&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nakamura, K.
AU  - Fubiani, G.
AU  - Geddes, C. G. R.
AU  - Michel, P.
AU  - van Tilborg, J.
AU  - Tóth, C.
AU  - Esarey, E.
AU  - Schroeder, C. B.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - Laser Triggered Injection of Electrons in a Laser Wakefield Accelerator with the Colliding Pulse Method.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 901
EP  - 906
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - An injection scheme for a laser wakefield accelerator that employs a counterpropagating laser (colliding with the drive laser pulse, used to generate a plasma wake) is discussed. The threshold laser intensity for electron injection into the wakefield was analyzed using a heuristic model based on phase-space island overlap. Analysis shows that the injection can be performed using modest counterpropagating laser intensity a1 ≤ 0.5 for a drive laser intensity of a0 ≃ 1.0. Preliminary experiments were preformed using a drive beam and colliding beam. Charge enhancement by the colliding pulse was observed. Increasing the signal-to-noise ratio by means of a preformed plasma channel is discussed. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - PARTICLE accelerators
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696431; Nakamura, K. 1,2 Fubiani, G. 1,3 Geddes, C. G. R. 1,4 Michel, P. 1 van Tilborg, J. 1,5 Tóth, C. 1 Esarey, E. 1 Schroeder, C. B. 1 Leemans, W. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720  2: University of Tokyo, Japan  3: University of Paris XI, Orsay, France  4: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA  5: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p901; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: PARTICLE accelerators; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842640
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696431&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smirnov, A. V.
AU  - Yu, D.
AU  - Gai, W.
AU  - Wang, H.
T1  - Beam Dynamics and Performance of a 15.6 GHz Ceramic High Power RF Generator.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 914
EP  - 921
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - Beam dynamics estimations of a 15.6GHz ceramic RF power generator have been performed for an experiment planned at the upgraded AWA facility at ANL. Theoretical maximum peak power that can be generated exceeds 100–150 MW. Analytical and numerical calculations address the following issues: 50A+ heavy beam loading in linac, slow-wave structures, coupler and damper; beam breakup and dipole mode suppression, end-to-end beam transport, and generated RF waveform and spectrum. Comparison is made with an earlier 21GHz experiment in a DULY/CERN/ANL collaboration. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BEAM dynamics
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - WAVES (Physics)
KW  - LINEAR accelerators
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696429; Smirnov, A. V. 1 Yu, D. 1 Gai, W. 2 Wang, H. 2; Affiliation:  1: DULY Research Inc., Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90275  2: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p914; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: WAVES (Physics); Subject Term: LINEAR accelerators; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842642
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696429&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Watanabe, Takahiro
AU  - Babzien, Marcus
AU  - Kusche, Karl
AU  - Yakimenko, Vitaly
T1  - Angle and Length Measurements of Microbunches.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 929
EP  - 935
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - A simple scheme for beam angle observation, which is based on far-field, or wavefront, measurement of Cherenkov radiation is proposed. A preliminary proof-of-principle experiment is demonstrated and characteristics of the measurement such as angular resolution are discussed. Bunch length measurements of microbunches via coherent transition/diffraction radiation (CTR/CDR) techniques are also investigated. The expected performances of a CTR/CDR spectrometer and interferometer are discussed through numerical calculations. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHERENKOV radiation
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - SPECTROMETERS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696427; Watanabe, Takahiro 1 Babzien, Marcus 1 Kusche, Karl 1 Yakimenko, Vitaly 1; Affiliation:  1: Accelerator Test Facility, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p929; Subject Term: CHERENKOV radiation; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: SPECTROMETERS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842644
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696427&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fuchs, J.
AU  - Cowan, T. E.
AU  - Ruhl, H.
AU  - Sentoku, Y.
AU  - Kemp, A.
AU  - Audebert, P.
AU  - Roth, M.
AU  - Stephens, R.
AU  - Barton, I.
AU  - Blazevic, A.
AU  - Brambrink, E.
AU  - Cobble, J.
AU  - Fernández, J. C.
AU  - Gauthier, J.-C.
AU  - Geissel, M.
AU  - Hegelich, M.
AU  - Kaae, J.
AU  - Karsch, S.
AU  - Le Sage, G. P.
AU  - Letzring, S.
T1  - Ultra-Low Emittance Proton Beams From A Laser-Virtual Cathode Plasma Accelerator.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 942
EP  - 948
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The laminarity of high current multi-MeV proton beams produced by irradiating thin metallic foils with ultra-intense lasers has been measured. For proton energies >10 MeV, the transverse and longitudinal emittance are respectively <0.004 mm-mrad and <10-4 eV-s, i.e. at least 100-fold and may be as much as 104-fold better than conventional accelerators beams. The ion beam source size is measured to be <15 μm (fwhm) for proton energies >10 MeV. Magnetic stripping of the co-moving electrons out of the beam after a few cm of debunching is not observed to induce emittance growth. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTON beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - PLASMA accelerators
KW  - MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15696425; Fuchs, J. 1,2,3 Cowan, T. E. 1,3 Ruhl, H. 1,3 Sentoku, Y. 1,3 Kemp, A. 1,3 Audebert, P. 2 Roth, M. 4 Stephens, R. 1 Barton, I. 1 Blazevic, A. 4 Brambrink, E. 4 Cobble, J. 5 Fernández, J. C. 5 Gauthier, J.-C. 2 Geissel, M. 4 Hegelich, M. 6 Kaae, J. 1 Karsch, S. 6 Le Sage, G. P. 7 Letzring, S. 5; Affiliation:  1: General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121  2: Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, UMR 7605 CNRS-CEA-École Polytechnique-Univ. Paris VI, 91128 Palaiseau, France  3: Physics Department, MS-220, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557  4: Technische Univ. Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany  5: University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545  6: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany  7: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p942; Subject Term: PROTON beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: PLASMA accelerators; Subject Term: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842646
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696425&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tóth, Cs.
AU  - Geddes, C. G. R.
AU  - van Tilborg, J.
AU  - Leemans, W. P.
T1  - A multi-beam, multi-terawatt Ti:sapphire laser system for laser wake-field acceleration studies.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/07/
VL  - 737
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 978
EP  - 982
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - The Lasers, Optical Accelerator Systems Integrated Studies (L’OASIS) Lab of LBNL operates a highly automated and remotely controlled Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplification (CPA) laser system that provides synchronized beams of 2×1.0 TW, 12 TW, and 100 TW peak-power, in a unique, radiation shielded facility. The system has been specially designed for studying high field laser-plasma interactions and particularly aimed for the investigations of laser wake-field particle acceleration. It generates and recombines multiple beams having different pulse durations, wavelengths, and pulse energies for various stages of plasma preparation, excitation, and diagnostics. The amplifier system is characterized and continuously monitored via local area network (LAN) from a radiation shielded control room by an array of diagnostics, including beam profile monitoring cameras, remote controlled alignment options, self-correcting beam-pointing stabilization loops, pulse measurement tools, such as single-shot autocorrelator for pulse duration and third-order correlator for contrast measurements, FROG for pulse shape studies. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - PARTICLE acceleration
KW  - ACCELERATION (Mechanics)
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - PULSE amplifiers
KW  - ELECTRONIC pulse techniques
N1  - Accession Number: 15696420; Tóth, Cs. 1; Email Address: ctoth@lbl.gov Geddes, C. G. R. 1 van Tilborg, J. 1 Leemans, W. P. 1; Affiliation:  1: L'OASIS Group, Accelerator and Fusion Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, BLDG 71R0259, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 737 Issue 1, p978; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: PARTICLE acceleration; Subject Term: ACCELERATION (Mechanics); Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: PULSE amplifiers; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC pulse techniques; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1842651
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15696420&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shamsi, Abolghasem
T1  - Carbon formation on Ni–MgO catalyst during reaction of methane in the presence of CO2 and CO
JO  - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF  - Applied Catalysis A: General
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 277
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 30
SN  - 0926860X
AB  - Abstract: Reactions of 13CH4 and 12CH4 in the presence of either CO2 or CO over reduced and oxidized Ni–MgO catalyst were studied to obtain mechanistic information on carbon deposition at low and high pressure. As the reaction time increased the amount of carbon deposited on the catalyst also increased. The carbon deposited on the catalyst during the first hour of reaction appears to be very active and was removed readily by reacting with 2vol.% oxygen in helium at 660°C and the catalyst recovered its original activity and selectivity after removal of carbon. During the temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) of deposited carbon the catalyst consumed a significant amount of oxygen forming nickel oxide, only a fraction of which is consumed by reacting with carbon species on the surface. This indicates that the surface oxygen plays a significant role in oxidizing and removing carbon species from the catalyst surfaces. Pulse reaction and oxidation experiments show that methane is activated on the surfaces of both the oxidized and reduced catalyst whereas the CO2 activation requires the catalyst to be in reduced state. Carbon deposited on the catalyst is formed from both methane and CO2, possibly via disproportionation of CO which is produced from both 13CH4 and 12CO2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MANURE gases
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution
KW  - Carbon formation
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Dry reforming
KW  - Synthesis gas
N1  - Accession Number: 19274525; Shamsi, Abolghasem 1; Email Address: ashams@netl.doe.gov; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 880, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-0880, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 277 Issue 1/2, p23; Subject Term: MANURE gases; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHETIC oxygen evolution; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbon formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dry reforming; Author-Supplied Keyword: Synthesis gas; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.apcata.2004.08.015
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19274525&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baek, Sung-Ok
AU  - Jenkins, Roger A.
T1  - Characterization of trace organic compounds associated with aged and diluted sidestream tobacco smoke in a controlled atmosphere—volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 38
IS  - 38
M3  - Article
SP  - 6583
EP  - 6599
SN  - 13522310
AB  - In this study, a wide range of volatile organic constituents of aged and diluted sidestream tobacco smoke (ADSS) were determined in a controlled atmosphere, where ADSS is the sole source of target compounds. The ADSS was generated in a 30m3 environmental test chamber using a variety of cigarettes, including the Kentucky 1R4F reference cigarette and eight commercial brands, and a total of 24 experimental runs were conducted. Target analytes were divided into three groups, i.e. vapor and particulate phase markers for environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), volatile organic compounds (VOC) including carbonyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The VOC samples were collected on triple sorbent traps, and then analyzed by thermal desorption coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), while the carbonyl compounds were sampled on DNPH cartridges, being analyzed by HPLC. ETS particles in the chamber were collected by high volume sampling, and then used for the determination of PAHs by GC/MS. Among more than 30 target VOCs, acetaldehyde appeared to be the most abundant compound, followed by 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, and formaldehyde. The results from the chamber study were further used to generate characterized ratios of selected VOCs to 3-ethenyl pyridine (3-EP), a vapor phase ETS marker. The ratios appeared to be in generally good agreement with published values in the literature. This suggests that the characteristic ratios may be useful for quantifying the impact of ETS on the VOC concentrations in ‘real world’ indoor environments, which are affected by a complex mixture of components from multiple sources. The yields of ETS markers from this study are all slightly lower than those estimated by other studies, while VOC yields are in reasonable agreement in many cases with values in the literature. Among 16 target PAHs, chrysene appeared to be most abundant, followed by benzo(a)anthracene (BaA) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). The average contents of BaP and BaA in ADSS particles for the commercial brands were 12.8 and 21.5μgg-1, respectively. These values are all approximately 1.5–3 times higher than those determined previously by other studies. The average yields of BaP per cigarette were estimated to be 209 and 215ng for the reference and commercial cigarettes, respectively. Comparison of the PAH data from this study with literature values was complicated by a lack of consistency in cigarette smoke generating methodology among other studies. These data on the cigarette yields of ETS components may provide useful information to studies on the mathematical modeling of indoor air quality regarding tobacco smoke as a source of interest, or to studies on the assessment of human exposure to ETS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - SMOKE
KW  - TOBACCO
KW  - SMOKING
KW  - HYDROCARBONS
KW  - Carbonyls
KW  - Chamber study
KW  - ETS markers
KW  - PAH
KW  - Smoking
KW  - VOC
N1  - Accession Number: 14891995; Baek, Sung-Ok; Email Address: sobaek@yu.ac.kr Jenkins, Roger A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6120, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 38 Issue 38, p6583; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: SMOKE; Subject Term: TOBACCO; Subject Term: SMOKING; Subject Term: HYDROCARBONS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbonyls; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chamber study; Author-Supplied Keyword: ETS markers; Author-Supplied Keyword: PAH; Author-Supplied Keyword: Smoking; Author-Supplied Keyword: VOC; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424940 Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453991 Tobacco Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 111910 Tobacco Farming; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.08.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Love, Adam H.
AU  - Vance, Andrew L.
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
AU  - Davisson, M. Lee
T1  - Investigating the affinities and persistence of VX nerve agent in environmental matrices
JO  - Chemosphere
JF  - Chemosphere
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 57
IS  - 10
M3  - Article
SP  - 1257
EP  - 1264
SN  - 00456535
AB  - Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine environmental variables that affect the affinities and persistence of the nerve agent O-ethyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothiolate (VX) at dilute concentrations in environmental matrices. Quantitative analyses of VX and its degradation products were performed using LC–MS. Batch hydrolysis experiments demonstrated an increasing hydrolysis rate as pH increased, as shown in previous studies, but also indicated that dissolved aqueous constituents can cause significant differences in the absolute hydrolysis rate. Adsorption isotherms from batch aqueous experiments revealed that VX has a high affinity for hydrophobic organics, a moderate affinity for montmorillonite clay, and a very low affinity for an iron-oxyhydroxide soil mineral, goethite. The adsorption on goethite was increased with the presence of dissolved organic matter in solution. VX degraded rapidly when dried onto goethite, when specific adsorption was forced. No enhanced degradation occurred with goethite in small amounts of water. These results suggest that aqueous conditions have important controls on VX adsorption and degradation in the environment and a more mechanistic understanding of these controls is needed in order to enable accurate predictions of its long-term fate and persistence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemosphere is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NERVE gases
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - HYDROLYSIS
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC temperature
KW  - Adsorption isotherm
KW  - Catalysis
KW  - Chemical weapons
KW  - Environmental fate
KW  - Hydrolysis
N1  - Accession Number: 14892052; Love, Adam H.; Email Address: love5@llnl.gov Vance, Andrew L. 1 Reynolds, John G. 1 Davisson, M. Lee 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-396, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 57 Issue 10, p1257; Subject Term: NERVE gases; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: HYDROLYSIS; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC temperature; Author-Supplied Keyword: Adsorption isotherm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Catalysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical weapons; Author-Supplied Keyword: Environmental fate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Hydrolysis; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.08.041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sachs, Jonathan N.
AU  - Crozier, Paul S.
AU  - Woolf, Thomas B.
T1  - Atomistic simulations of biologically realistic transmembrane potential gradients.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 10847
EP  - 10851
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We present all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of biologically realistic transmembrane potential gradients across a DMPC bilayer. These simulations are the first to model this gradient in all-atom detail, with the field generated solely by explicit ion dynamics. Unlike traditional bilayer simulations that have one bilayer per unit cell, we simulate a 170 mV potential gradient by using a unit cell consisting of three salt-water baths separated by two bilayers, with full three-dimensional periodicity. The study shows that current computational resources are powerful enough to generate a truly electrified interface, as we show the predicted effect of the field on the overall charge distribution. Additionally, starting from Poisson’s equation, we show a new derivation of the double integral equation for calculating the potential profile in systems with this type of periodicity. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - INTEGRAL equations
KW  - POISSON'S equation
N1  - Accession Number: 15226074; Sachs, Jonathan N. 1 Crozier, Paul S. 2 Woolf, Thomas B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520  2: Department of Computational Materials and Molecular Biology, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1110  3: Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; Source Info: 12/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 22, p10847; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: INTEGRAL equations; Subject Term: POISSON'S equation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1826056
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226074&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bytautas, Laimutis
AU  - Ruedenberg, Klaus
T1  - Correlation energy extrapolation by intrinsic scaling. III. Compact wave functions.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 10852
EP  - 10862
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The information gained in the context of extrapolating the correlation energy by intrinsic scaling is used to shorten the full configurational expansions of electronic wave function without compromising their chemical accuracy. The truncations are accomplished by judiciously limiting the participation of the ranges of predetermined approximate sets of natural orbitals in the various excitation categories. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONICS
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - ORBITAL mechanics
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15226073; Bytautas, Laimutis 1 Ruedenberg, Klaus 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 12/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 22, p10852; Subject Term: ELECTRONICS; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: ORBITAL mechanics; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 7 Charts; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1814937
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226073&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bytautas, Laimutis
AU  - Ruedenberg, Klaus
T1  - Correlation energy extrapolation by intrinsic scaling. I. Method and application to the neon atom.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 10905
EP  - 10918
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Remarkably accurate scaling relations are shown to exist between the correlation energy contributions from various excitation levels of the configuration interaction approach, considered as functions of the size of the correlating orbital space. These relationships are used to develop a method for extrapolating a sequence of smaller configuration interaction calculations to the full configuration-interaction energy. Calculations of the neon atom ground state with the Dunning’s quadruple ζ basis set demonstrate the ability of the method to obtain benchmark quality results. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEON
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - BENCHMARKING (Management)
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15226069; Bytautas, Laimutis 1 Ruedenberg, Klaus 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 12/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 22, p10905; Subject Term: NEON; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: BENCHMARKING (Management); Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 14p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1811603
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226069&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bytautas, Laimutis
AU  - Ruedenberg, Klaus
T1  - Correlation energy extrapolation by intrinsic scaling. II. The water and the nitrogen molecule.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 121
IS  - 22
M3  - Article
SP  - 10919
EP  - 10934
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The extrapolation method for determining benchmark quality full configuration-interaction energies described in preceding paper [L. Bytautas and K. Ruedenberg, J. Chem. Phys. 121, 10905 (2004)] is applied to the molecules H2O and N2. As in the neon atom case, discussed in preceding paper [L. Bytautas and K. Ruedenberg, J. Chem. Phys. 121, 10905 (2004)] remarkably accurate scaling relations are found to exist between the correlation energy contributions from various excitation levels of the configuration-interaction approach, considered as functions of the size of the correlating orbital space. The method for extrapolating a sequence of smaller configuration-interaction calculations to the full configuration-interaction energy and for constructing compact accurate configuration-interaction wave functions is also found to be effective for these molecules. The results are compared with accurate ab initio methods, such as many-body perturbation theory, coupled-cluster theory, as well as with variational calculations wherever possible. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUMERICAL analysis
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - PERTURBATION (Mathematics)
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - EXTRAPOLATION
KW  - ASYMPTOTIC expansions
N1  - Accession Number: 15226068; Bytautas, Laimutis 1 Ruedenberg, Klaus 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; Source Info: 12/8/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 22, p10919; Subject Term: NUMERICAL analysis; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: PERTURBATION (Mathematics); Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: EXTRAPOLATION; Subject Term: ASYMPTOTIC expansions; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 12 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1811604
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15226068&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chikan
AU  - V.
AU  - Nizamov
AU  - B.
AU  - Leone
AU  - S. R.
T1  - Product State Distributions of Vibrationally Excited CO(v) for the CH(X2Π) and CH(A2Δ) Channels of the C2H + O(3P) Reaction.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 10770
EP  - 10782
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The C2H + O(3P) reaction is investigated using time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TR-FTIR). The C2H and O radicals are produced by 193-nm photolysis of C2H2 and SO2 precursors. Multiple vibrationally excited products are observed from several resulting reaction processes, including products:  CO, CO2, C4H2, and CH. For this choice of photolytic precursors, it is observed that the C2H + SO2, C2H2 + O, and the HCCO + O reactions contribute to the observed product signals. To evaluate the contribution of the C2H + SO2 reaction to the removal kinetics of C2H in the C2H2/SO2 system, the room-temperature rate constant for the C2H + SO2 reaction is experimentally determined to be k = (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The time dependencies of the CO and CO2 species are measured experimentally and simulated to determine conditions under which contributions from the several processes that give the same product can be differentiated. Analysis of the nascent vibrational distribution of the CO products from C2H + O suggests the participation of both CH(A2Δ) and CH(X2Π) products, in the ratio of ~3:2. The surprisal parameters for the vibrational distribution of the CO products of these two channels are found to be -1.5 ± 0.2 and -1.1 ± 0.2, respectively. It is suggested that the reaction proceeds through the HCCO‡ intermediate, in agreement with earlier studies, but the CH(A2Δ)/CH(X2Π) branching fraction may be larger than previously reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
KW  - FOURIER transform spectroscopy
KW  - COLD (Temperature)
N1  - Accession Number: 16427008; Chikan V. 1 Nizamov B. 1 Leone S. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Departments of Chemistry and Physics, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 49, p10770; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Subject Term: FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; Subject Term: FOURIER transform spectroscopy; Subject Term: COLD (Temperature); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu
AU  - H.-G.
AU  - Muckerman
AU  - J. T.
T1  - Exploring the Multiple Reaction Pathways for the H + cyc-C3H6 Reaction.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 10844
EP  - 10849
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Reaction pathways for the hydrogen atom plus cyclopropane (cyc-C3H6) reaction are studied using an extrapolated coupled-cluster/complete basis set (CBS) method based on the cc-pVDZ, cc-pVTZ, and cc-pVQZ basis sets. For this activated reaction, results reveal two reaction mechanisms, a direct H-abstraction and a H-addition/ring-opening. The hydrogen-abstraction reaction yields the H2 and cyclopropyl (cyc-C3H5) radical products. The vibrationally adiabatic ground-state (VAG) barrier height is predicted to be 13.03 kcal/mol. The isomerization barrier height from the product cyclopropyl to allyl radical is 21.98 kcal/mol via a cyc-C3H5 ring-opening process. In addition, the H-addition and ring-opening mechanism will lead to an n-C3H7 radical, which can result in a variety of products such as CH3 + C2H4, H + CH3CHCH2, and H2 + C3H5, etc. The VAG barrier height of the H-addition reaction is 16.49 kcal/mol, which is slightly higher than that of the direct H-abstraction reaction. Although the H + cyc-C3H6 → CH4 + CH2CH reaction is exoergic by 11.90 kcal/mol, this reaction is unlikely due to a high barrier of 43.05 kcal/mol along the minimum energy path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 16427017; Yu H.-G. 1 Muckerman J. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 49, p10844; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu
AU  - P.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Muckerman
AU  - J. T.
T1  - The Ti8C12 Metcar:  A New Model Catalyst for Hydrodesulfurization.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 18796
EP  - 18798
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Elementary reaction steps and barriers for thiophene hydrodesulfurization (HDS) on a Ti8C12 nanoparticle were investigated using density functional theory. It is found that despite its high carbon concentration Ti8C12 displays a superior catalytic potential for hydrodesulfurization. Compared to the industrial catalysts, the hydrogen dissociation and C-S bond cleavage on Ti8C12 are more facile, and the removal of sulfur is energetically comparable. Our results also show that the catalytic activity of Ti8C12 can be associated with its unique structure that is quite different from that of bulk metal carbides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - PARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 16427322; Liu P. 1 Rodriguez J. A. 1 Muckerman J. T. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg. 555, Upton, New York 11973; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 49, p18796; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Henderson
AU  - M. A.
T1  - Acetone Chemistry on Oxidized and Reduced TiO2(110).
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 18932
EP  - 18941
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The chemistry of acetone on the oxidized and reduced surfaces of TiO2(110) was examined using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS). The reduced surface was prepared with about 7% oxygen vacancy sites by annealing in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) at 850 K, and the oxidized surface was prepared by exposure of the reduced surface to molecular oxygen at 95 K followed by heating the surface to a variety of temperatures between 200 and 500 K. Acetone adsorbs molecularly on the reduced surface with no evidence for either decomposition or preferential binding at vacancy sites. On the basis of HREELS, the majority of acetone molecules adsorbed in an η1 configuration at Ti4+ sites through interaction of lone-pair electrons on the carbonyl oxygen atom. Repulsive acetone-acetone interactions shift the desorption peak from 345 K at low coverage to 175 K as the first layer saturates with a coverage of ~1 ML. In contrast, about 7% of the acetone adlayer decomposes when the surface is pretreated with molecular oxygen. Acetate is among the detected decomposition products but only comprises about one-third of the amount of decomposed acetone, and its yield depends on the temperature at which the O2-exposed surface was preheated to prior to acetone adsorption. Aside from the small level of irreversible decomposition, about 0.25 ML of acetone is stabilized to 375 K by coadsorbed oxygen. These acetone species exhibit an HREELS spectrum unlike that of η1-acetone or of any other species proposed to exist from the interaction of acetone with TiO2 powders. On the basis of the presence of extensive 16O/18O exchange between acetone and coadsorbed oxygen in the 375 K acetone TPD state, it is proposed that an acetone-oxygen complex forms on the TiO2(110) surface through nucleophilic attack of oxygen on the carbonyl carbon atom of acetone. The reaction between acetone and oxygen is initiated at temperatures as low as 135 K based on HREELS. The major decomposition pathway of the acetone-oxygen complex liberates acetone in the 375 K TPD peak. This species may be a key intermediate in acetone thermal and photolytic chemistry on TiO2 surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ACETONE
KW  - ETHANES
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - SURFACE tension
N1  - Accession Number: 16427344; Henderson M. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Interfacial Chemistry and Engineering Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-93, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 49, p18932; Subject Term: ACETONE; Subject Term: ETHANES; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Aray
AU  - Y.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J.
AU  - Coll
AU  - D. S.
AU  - Gonzalez
AU  - C.
AU  - Marquez
AU  - M.
T1  - Exploring the Nature of Wetting by Water of Surfaces of Alkane-Amidethiols Adsorbed on Gold Using the Electrostatic Potential Topology.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 18942
EP  - 18948
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The nature of the interaction of water molecules with the surface of a set of experimentally well-studied alkane-amidethiols adsorbed on a gold(111) surface and its effect on the water contact angle have been studied by carrying out a systematic determination of the topology of electrostatic potential using ab initio density functional theory methods for periodic systems. The obtained results have shown that the water contact angle decreases systematically as the number of minima by surface cell unit and the electrostatic potential magnitude at these minima, and consequently the adsorption strength, increases. Thus, this electrostatic potential magnitude can be used as a measure of the efficiency and ability of a chemical group for wetting of a surface by water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - FLUID mechanics
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - FUNCTIONAL analysis
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16427345; Aray Y. 1 Rodriguez J. 1 Coll D. S. 1 Gonzalez C. 1 Marquez M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Centro de Quimica IVIC, Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020 A, Venezuela, Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standard and Technologies (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, The Nanotechnology Lab, Kraft Foods R&D, 801 Waukegan Road, Glenview, Illinois 60025, Department of Physics and DEAS, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 49, p18942; Subject Term: FLUID mechanics; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: FUNCTIONAL analysis; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Holt
AU  - N. E.
AU  - Kennis
AU  - J. T. M.
AU  - Fleming
AU  - G. R.
T1  - Femtosecond Fluorescence Upconversion Studies of Light Harvesting by β-Carotene in Oxygenic Photosynthetic Core Proteins.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 108
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 19029
EP  - 19035
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Energy transfer from β-carotene to chlorophyll in the photosystem (PS) I core complex and the CP43, CP47, and reaction center (RC) proteins of PSII was studied by the femtosecond fluorescence upconversion technique. The carotenoid S2 lifetimes/transfer efficiencies, the latter obtained by comparison with β-carotene in solution, are ~97 fs/33% (CP43), ~100 fs/31% (CP47), ~106 fs/26% (PSII-RC), and ~62 fs/57% (PSI). By combining previous steady-state fluorescence excitation measurements with our ultrafast results on the carotenoid S2 lifetime and chlorophyll rise kinetics, we conclude that the β-carotene S1 state is insignificant for light harvesting in the PSII core proteins. Measurement of the steady-state fluorescence excitation spectrum of PSI at 77 K in this work yielded a β-carotene to chlorophyll energy transfer efficiency of 62 ± 3%, suggesting dominant transfer from the carotenoid S2 state. Interestingly, while both PSI and PSII almost exclusively utilize the carotenoid S2 state for light harvesting, we find that this pathway is nearly two times more efficient in PSI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
N1  - Accession Number: 16427356; Holt N. E. 1 Kennis J. T. M. 1 Fleming G. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720-146, and Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 49, p19029; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin Yang
AU  - Shuqiang Niu
AU  - Ichiye, Toshiko
AU  - Lai-Sheng Wang
T1  - Direct Measurement of the Hydrogen-Bonding Effect on the Intrinsic Redox Potentials of [4fe-4S] Cubane Complexes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/08/
VL  - 126
IS  - 48
M3  - Article
SP  - 15790
EP  - 15794
SN  - 00027863
AB  - To probe how H-bonding effects the redox potential changes in Fe-S proteins, we produced and studied a series of gaseous cubane-type analogue complexes, [Fe4S4(SEt)3(SCnH2n+1)]2- and [Fe4S4(SEt)3(SCnH2nOH)]2- (n = 4, 6, 11; Et = C2H5). Intrinsic redox potentials for the [Fe4S4]2+/3+ redox couple involved in these complexes were measured by photoelectron spectroscopy. The oxidation energies from [Fe4S4(SEt)3(SCnH2nOH)]2- to [Fe4S4(SEt)3(SCnH2nOH)]- were determined directly from the photo- electron spectra to be ∼130 meV higher than those for the corresponding [Fe4S4(SEt)3(SCnH2n+1)]2- systems, because of the OH...S hydrogen bond in the former. Preliminary Monte Carlo and density functional calculations showed that the H-bonding takes place between the -OH group and the S on the terminal ligand in [Fe4S4(SEt)3(SC46H12OH)]2-. The current data provide a direct experimental measure of a net H-bonding effect on the redox potential of [Fe4S4] clusters without the perturbation of other environmental effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL engineering
KW  - HYDROGEN bonding
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15429424; Xin Yang 1 Shuqiang Niu 2 Ichiye, Toshiko 2 Lai-Sheng Wang 1; Email Address: ls.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richiand, Washington 99352, W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richiand, Washington 99352.  2: Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057-1227.; Source Info: 12/8/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 48, p15790; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL engineering; Subject Term: HYDROGEN bonding; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Yun
AU  - Braiman, Yehuda
T1  - Dynamics and Synchronization in a Broad-Area Semiconductor Laser Array with External Optical Feedback.
JO  - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF  - AIP Conference Proceedings
Y1  - 2004/12/09/
VL  - 742
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
EP  - 275
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 0094243X
AB  - We report experimental results on the dynamics and synchronization of a 19-broad-area semiconductor laser array in an external cavity containing a lens array, projection optics, and a diffractive grating. All lasers are locked to single longitudinal mode. Significant improvement of the spatial profile of the entire laser array output beam has been observed. Laser coupling is investigated through the radio-frequency (RF) spectrum and temporal correlation of coupled laser emitters. Such coupling is found to exert certain effects on the frequency locking of the laser array. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of AIP Conference Proceedings is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LASERS
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR lasers
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - LIGHT amplifiers
KW  - broad-area laser
KW  - laser array
KW  - laser coupling
KW  - optical feedback.
KW  - synchronization
N1  - Accession Number: 15696592; Liu, Yun 1 Braiman, Yehuda 1; Affiliation:  1: Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6016.; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 742 Issue 1, p267; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR lasers; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: LIGHT amplifiers; Author-Supplied Keyword: broad-area laser; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser array; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser coupling; Author-Supplied Keyword: optical feedback.; Author-Supplied Keyword: synchronization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1846486
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Guzey, V.
AU  - Strikman, M.
AU  - Vogelsang, W.
T1  - Observations on dA scattering at forward rapidities
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/12/09/
VL  - 603
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 183
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Abstract: We point out that the suppression in the ratio recently observed by the BRAHMS Collaboration in forward scattering is stronger than usually appreciated. This is related to the fact that at forward rapidities BRAHMS measures negatively charged hadrons and that is defined from the ratio of dA and pp scattering cross sections. We also investigate the influence of standard shadowing on , and the typical values of partonic momentum fractions relevant in forward scattering. We find that dominate in the cross section. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Physics)
KW  - ATOM-atom collisions
N1  - Accession Number: 17110514; Guzey, V. 1 Strikman, M. 2 Vogelsang, W. 3; Email Address: vogelsan@quark.phy.bnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany  2: Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA  3: Physics Department and RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 603 Issue 3/4, p173; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Physics); Subject Term: ATOM-atom collisions; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.10.033
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ferrandis, Javier
AU  - Pakvasa, Sandip
T1  - A prediction for from patterns in the charged lepton spectra
JO  - Physics Letters B
JF  - Physics Letters B
Y1  - 2004/12/09/
VL  - 603
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 184
EP  - 188
SN  - 03702693
AB  - Abstract: It is shown that empirical relations between the charged lepton spectra and the quark spectra together with a bimaximal or near bimaximal neutrino mixing matrix necessarily imply that there is a contribution to given by , where is the Cabibbo angle. This prediction could be tested in the near future reactor experiments. The charged lepton mixing also generates a less robust prediction for the angle and a small contribution to the phase δ. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physics Letters B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ANNIHILATION reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 17110515; Ferrandis, Javier 1,2; Email Address: http://homepage.mac.com/ferrandis Pakvasa, Sandip 1; Email Address: pakvasa@phys.hawaii.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2505 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 603 Issue 3/4, p184; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ANNIHILATION reactions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.10.031
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gross, Gwen M.
AU  - Grate, Jay W.
AU  - Synovec, Robert E.
T1  - Development and evaluation of gold-centered monolayer protected nanoparticle stationary phases for gas chromatography
JO  - Journal of Chromatography A
JF  - Journal of Chromatography A
Y1  - 2004/12/10/
VL  - 1060
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 225
EP  - 236
SN  - 00219673
AB  - Abstract: The current status for the development of novel open-tubular gas chromatography (GC) stationary phases consisting of thin films of gold-centered monolayer protected nanoparticles (MPNs) is reported. Dodecanethiol MPNs, in which the monolayer is dodecanethiol linked to the gold nanoparticle, have shown great promise as a GC stationary phase with efficient columns having been produced in a variety of capillary i.d.''s with stationary phase film depths ranging from 10 to 60nm, ±2nm at a given film depth. Stationary phase operational parameters are discussed including maximum operating temperature, sample capacity, and stationary phase lifetime and robustness. An overview of the general method employed for column production is also included. The sample capacity was determined for a 2.5m, 250μm i.d. column with a stationary phase film thickness of 40nm, at 50°C using anisole (k′ = 1.86) as the probe analyte. The sample capacity was experimentally found to be 2.3ng under these conditions, similar to values reported for thicker, polymer stationary phases. The efficiency of the dodecanethiol MPN stationary phase was determined with a 100μm i.d. capillary and found to have a reduced plate height hmin value of 0.95 for octane (k′ = 0.68). Areas of application illustrated and discussed utilizing the dodecanethiol MPN stationary phase include complementary separations such as two-dimensional GC (GC × GC), potential utilization within a model system for a micro-fabricated GC (μGC), as well as efficient single dimension high-speed separations. Initial development of polar stationary phases utilizing 4-chlorobenzenethiol MPNs and 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenethiol MPNs is discussed. Included is a selectivity comparison of the retention behavior of the 4-chlorobenzenethiol MPN stationary phase and the dodecanethiol MPN stationary phase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Chromatographic analysis
KW  - Monomolecular films
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - GC
KW  - Nanoparticles
KW  - Selectivity
KW  - Stationary phases
KW  - Stationary phases, GC
N1  - Accession Number: 15551230; Gross, Gwen M. 1; Grate, Jay W. 2; Synovec, Robert E. 1; Email Address: synovec@chem.washington.edu; Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry, University of Washington, P.O. Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA; 2: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 1060 Issue 1/2, p225; Thesaurus Term: Gas chromatography; Thesaurus Term: Chromatographic analysis; Subject Term: Monomolecular films; Subject Term: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: GC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Selectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases; Author-Supplied Keyword: Stationary phases, GC; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.07.077
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Owen, J. Michael
T1  - A tensor artificial viscosity for SPH
JO  - Journal of Computational Physics
JF  - Journal of Computational Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/10/
VL  - 201
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 601
EP  - 629
SN  - 00219991
AB  - Abstract: A tensor generalization of the Monaghan-Gingold artificial viscosity for smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is formulated. We also develop a new limiter to restrict the effects of the artificial viscosity to the direction of shock travel, while maintaining enough of the artificial viscous dissipation to keep the SPH technique stable. We present a series of test problems comparing the new viscosity formalism with the standard method for fluid flows in two and three dimensions, such as shearing systems undergoing shocks. We also present tests of the conservation and transport of angular momentum, since total angular momentum conservation is not guaranteed with the new viscosity formalism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Computational Physics is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HYDRODYNAMICS
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - VISCOSITY
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15424270; Owen, J. Michael 1; Email Address: mikeowen@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, A Division, M/S L-38, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 201 Issue 2, p601; Subject Term: HYDRODYNAMICS; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: VISCOSITY; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Number of Pages: 29p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.06.011
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Huilin
AU  - Qian, Luping
AU  - Chen, Zhiqiang
AU  - Thibault, Danielle
AU  - Liu, Guang
AU  - Liu, Tianbo
AU  - Thanassi, David G.
T1  - The Outer Membrane Usher Forms a Twin-pore Secretion Complex
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF  - Journal of Molecular Biology
Y1  - 2004/12/10/
VL  - 344
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 1397
EP  - 1407
SN  - 00222836
AB  - The PapC usher is an outer membrane protein required for assembly and secretion of P pili in uropathogenic Escherichia coli. P pilus biogenesis occurs by the chaperone/usher pathway, a terminal branch of the general secretory pathway. Periplasmic chaperone–subunit complexes target to the PapC usher for fiber assembly and secretion through the usher to the cell surface. The molecular details of pilus biogenesis at the usher, and protein secretion across the outer membrane in general, are unclear. We studied the structure and oligomeric state of PapC by gel filtration, dynamic light scattering, and electron microscopy and image analysis. Two-dimensional crystals of wild-type PapC and a C-terminal deletion mutant of PapC were produced by reconstituting detergent purified usher into E.coli lipids. PapC formed a dimer both in detergent solution and in the phospholipid bilayer. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that the usher forms a twin-pore complex. Removal of the C-terminal domain did not change the basic shape of the PapC molecule, but altered the dimeric association of the usher, suggesting that the C terminus forms part of the dimerization interface. The overall molecular size (11nm), pore size (2nm), and twin-pore configuration of PapC resemble that of the Tom40 complex, a mitochondrial outer membrane protein translocase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Molecular Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MEMBRANE proteins
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - CELL membranes -- Formation
KW  - electron crystallography
KW  - PapC usher
KW  - pili
KW  - protein secretion
KW  - twin-pore structure
N1  - Accession Number: 15450673; Li, Huilin 1; Email Address: hli@bnl.gov Qian, Luping 1 Chen, Zhiqiang 1 Thibault, Danielle 1 Liu, Guang 2 Liu, Tianbo 2 Thanassi, David G. 3; Email Address: david.thanassi@stonybrook.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 50 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  3: Center for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5120, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 344 Issue 5, p1397; Subject Term: MEMBRANE proteins; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: CELL membranes -- Formation; Author-Supplied Keyword: electron crystallography; Author-Supplied Keyword: PapC usher; Author-Supplied Keyword: pili; Author-Supplied Keyword: protein secretion; Author-Supplied Keyword: twin-pore structure; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.10.008
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kalemos, Apostolos
AU  - Dunning Jr., Thom H.
AU  - Mavridis, Aristides
T1  - SiH 2 , a critical study.
JO  - Molecular Physics
JF  - Molecular Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/10/
VL  - 102
IS  - 23/24
M3  - Article
SP  - 2597
EP  - 2606
SN  - 00268976
AB  - The first four spectroscopic states of the silylene molecule SiH 2 , namely, and were examined theoretically using multireference methods coupled with very large correlation consistent basis sets. Our aim is understanding why SiH 2 has a singlet ground state ( ) as opposed to the state of the isovalent carbene CH 2 , as well as the rationalization of its geometric and bonding characteristics. The interpretational philosophy followed is based on strictly calculable quantities in an effort to reduce to a minimum the always present but not well-defined 'chemical intuitionism'. All of our calculated quantities are in excellent agreement with existing experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - MOLECULES
KW  - BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 15644507; Kalemos, Apostolos 1,2,3 Dunning Jr., Thom H. 1,2,3; Email Address: dunning@jics.utk.edu Mavridis, Aristides 4; Affiliation:  1: Joint Institute for Computational Sciences, University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA  3: Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  4: Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, P0 Box 64 004, 157 10 Zografou, Athens, Greece; Source Info: 12/10/2004, Vol. 102 Issue 23/24, p2597; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: MOLECULES; Subject Term: BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/00268970412331293802
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Maria, Steven F.
AU  - Russell, Lynn M.
AU  - Gilles, Mary K.
AU  - Myneni, Satish C. B.
T1  - Organic Aerosol Growth Mechanisms and Their Climate-Forcing Implications.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/12/10/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5703
M3  - Article
SP  - 1921
EP  - 1924
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Surface- and volume-limited chemical reactions on and in atmospheric aerosol particles cause growth while changing organic composition by 13 to 24% per day. Many of these particles contain carbonaceous components from mineral dust and combustion emissions in Africa, Asia, and North America and reveal reaction rates that are three times slower than those typically used in climate models. These slower rates for converting from volatile or hydrophobic to condensed and hygroscopic organic compounds increase carbonaceous particle burdens in climate models by 70%, producing organic aerosol climate forcings of as much as -0.8 watt per square meter cooling and +0.3 watt per square meter warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - ATOMIZATION
KW  - DUST
KW  - COMBUSTION
KW  - ORGANIC compounds
KW  - AFRICA
N1  - Accession Number: 15403713; Maria, Steven F. 1 Russell, Lynn M. 2; Email Address: lmrussell@ucsd.edu Gilles, Mary K. 3 Myneni, Satish C. B. 4,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.  2: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.  4: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.  5: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.; Source Info: 12/10/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5703, p1921; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: DUST; Subject Term: COMBUSTION; Subject Term: ORGANIC compounds; Subject Term: AFRICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3675
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geissbühler, P.
AU  - Fenter, P.
AU  - DiMasi, E.
AU  - Srajer, G.
AU  - Sorensen, L.B.
AU  - Sturchio, N.C.
T1  - Three-dimensional structure of the calcite–water interface by surface X-ray scattering
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/12/10/
VL  - 573
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 191
EP  - 203
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Abstract: The three-dimensional structure of the calcite (104)–water interface has been determined with surface X-ray scattering. Nine crystal truncation rods (including specular and non-specular rods) were measured providing both vertical and lateral sensitivity to the interfacial structure. The results reveal that calcite is nearly ideally terminated with a single surface hydration layer that includes two inequivalent water molecules having distinct heights of 2.3±0.1 and 3.5±0.2Å, each with a well-defined lateral registry with respect to the calcite surface. No additional layering of water is observed beyond this surface hydration layer. Small displacements in the outer two calcium carbonate layers were also observed. These results are compared with previous experimental and computational results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray scattering
KW  - ROCK-forming minerals
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - HYDRATION
KW  - and reflection
KW  - and topography
KW  - diffraction
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Solid–liquid interfaces
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography
KW  - Water
KW  - X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection
N1  - Accession Number: 15552171; Geissbühler, P. 1 Fenter, P. 2; Email Address: fenter@anl.gov DiMasi, E. 3 Srajer, G. 4 Sorensen, L.B. 1 Sturchio, N.C. 2,5; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States  2: Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, ER-23, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, United States  3: Physics Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States  4: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States  5: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 573 Issue 2, p191; Subject Term: X-ray scattering; Subject Term: ROCK-forming minerals; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: HYDRATION; Author-Supplied Keyword: and reflection; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: diffraction; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Solid–liquid interfaces; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Water; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray scattering, diffraction, and reflection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.036
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trainor, Thomas P.
AU  - Chaka, Anne M.
AU  - Eng, Peter J.
AU  - Newville, Matt
AU  - Waychunas, Glenn A.
AU  - Catalano, Jeffrey G.
AU  - Brown, Gordon E.
T1  - Structure and reactivity of the hydrated hematite (0001) surface
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/12/10/
VL  - 573
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 204
EP  - 224
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Abstract: The structure of the hydroxylated hematite (0001) surface was investigated using crystal truncation rod diffraction and density functional theory. The combined experimental and theoretical results suggest that the surface is dominated by two hydroxyl moieties—hydroxyls that are singly coordinated and doubly coordinated with Fe. The results are consistent with the formation of distinct domains of these surface species; one corresponding to the hydroxylation of the surface Fe-cation predicted to be most stable under UHV conditions, and the second a complete removal of this surface Fe species leaving the hydroxylated oxygen layer. Furthermore, our results indicate that the hydroxylated hematite surface structures are significantly more stable than their dehydroxylated counterparts at high water partial pressures, and this transition in stability occurs at water pressures orders of magnitude below the same transition for α-alumina. These results explain the observed differences in reactivity of hematite and alumina (0001) surfaces with respect to water and binding of aqueous metal cations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ALUMINUM oxide
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - and topography
KW  - Density functional calculations
KW  - Iron oxide
KW  - morphology
KW  - roughness
KW  - Surface structure
KW  - Surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography
N1  - Accession Number: 15552172; Trainor, Thomas P. 1; Email Address: fftpt@uaf.edu Chaka, Anne M. 2; Email Address: anne.chaka@nist.gov Eng, Peter J. 3 Newville, Matt 3 Waychunas, Glenn A. 4 Catalano, Jeffrey G. 5 Brown, Gordon E. 5,6; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box 756160, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA  2: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA  3: Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  4: Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  5: Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA  6: Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Road, MS 69, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 573 Issue 2, p204; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM oxide; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Author-Supplied Keyword: and topography; Author-Supplied Keyword: Density functional calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Iron oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 21p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.040
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chuang, F.C.
AU  - Ciobanu, C.V.
AU  - Shenoy, V.B.
AU  - Wang, C.Z.
AU  - Ho, K.M.
T1  - Finding the reconstructions of semiconductor surfaces via a genetic algorithm
JO  - Surface Science
JF  - Surface Science
Y1  - 2004/12/10/
VL  - 573
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - L375
EP  - L381
SN  - 00396028
AB  - Abstract: In this article we show that the reconstructions of semiconductor surfaces can be determined using a genetic procedure. Coupled with highly optimized interatomic potentials, the present approach represents an efficient tool for finding and sorting good structural candidates for further electronic structure calculations and comparison with scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images. We illustrate the method for the case of Si(105), and build a database of structures that includes the previously found low-energy models, as well as a number of novel configurations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Surface Science is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GENETIC algorithms
KW  - GENETIC programming (Computer science)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - Genetic algorithm
KW  - Semi-empirical models and model calculations
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Surface energy
KW  - Surface relaxation and reconstruction
N1  - Accession Number: 15552166; Chuang, F.C. 1 Ciobanu, C.V. 2,3; Email Address: cciobanu@mines.edu Shenoy, V.B. 2 Wang, C.Z. 1 Ho, K.M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ames Laboratory—US Department of Energy and Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA  2: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA  3: Division of Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 573 Issue 2, pL375; Subject Term: GENETIC algorithms; Subject Term: GENETIC programming (Computer science); Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Genetic algorithm; Author-Supplied Keyword: Semi-empirical models and model calculations; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silicon; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface relaxation and reconstruction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.susc.2004.09.041
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burke  Ritchie
AU  - Charles A.  Weatherford
T1  - Time‐dependent non‐wavepacket theory of electron scattering.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/11/
VL  - 100
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 710
EP  - 712
SN  - 00207608
AB  - A technique is given for solving the time‐dependent Schrödinger equation for electron+potential scattering at low energies (k2 ≤ 1.0 a.u.). This is accomplished by avoiding wavepackets, with the inevitable wavepacket spreading, and solving a time‐integral form of the Schrödinger equation directly. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - WAVE packets
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 20437054; Burke  Ritchie 1 Charles A.  Weatherford 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Physics Department, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 100 Issue 5, p710; Subject Term: ELECTRON scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: WAVE packets; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - E. A.  Salter
AU  - A.  Wierzbicki
AU  - T.  Land
T1  - Ab initio studies of stepped {100} surfaces of KDP crystals.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/11/
VL  - 100
IS  - 5
M3  - Article
SP  - 740
EP  - 745
SN  - 00207608
AB  - Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4, KDP) crystals have important uses in laser components and are grown in large scale for that purpose. The need for habit control has led to interest in the step‐pinning mechanisms that cause growth inhibition of the {100} face. Model systems representing five stepped KDP {100} surfaces are prepared and studied using ab initio quantum methods. Results of Hartree–Fock and density functional theory plane‐wave calculations are presented, including estimated energies of ion and column removal for the steps. Steps terminated by phosphate ions are found to be less energetically favorable than their potassium‐terminated counterparts. In addition, surface layer removal energies for the {100} face and the potassium‐bounded and phosphate‐bounded {101} faces are reported. The potassium‐bounded {101} face is found to have a greater surface removal energy than the unexpressed phosphate‐bounded {101} face. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - POTASSIUM
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 20437058; E. A.  Salter 1 A.  Wierzbicki 1 T.  Land 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 100 Issue 5, p740; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: POTASSIUM; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Härkönen, J.
AU  - Abreu, M.
AU  - Anbinderis, P.
AU  - Anbinderis, T.
AU  - D’Ambrosio, N.
AU  - de Boer, W.
AU  - Borchi, E.
AU  - Borer, K.
AU  - Bruzzi, M.
AU  - Buontempo, S.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Cindro, V.
AU  - Dezillie, B.
AU  - Dierlamm, A.
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Gaubas, E.
AU  - Gorbatenko, V.
AU  - Granata, V.
AU  - Grigoriev, E.
AU  - Grohmann, S.
T1  - Recent results from the CERN RD39 Collaboration on super-radiation hard cryogenic silicon detectors for LHC and LHC upgrade
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/12/11/
VL  - 535
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 384
EP  - 388
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: The CERN RD39 Collaboration is developing super-radiation hard cryogenic Si detectors for applications in experiments of the LHC and the future LHC Upgrade. Radiation hardness up to the fluence of 1016neq/cm2 is required in the future experiments. Significant improvement in the radiation hardness of silicon sensors has taken place during the past years. However, 1016neq/cm2 is well beyond the radiation tolerance of even the most advanced semiconductor detectors made by commonly adopted technologies. Furthermore, at this radiation load the carrier trapping will limit the charge collection depth to the range of 20–30μm regardless of the depletion depth. The key of our approach is freezing the trapping that affects Charge Collection Efficiency (CCE). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LOW temperature engineering
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - 71.55.Cn
N1  - Accession Number: 15448677; Härkönen, J. 1; Email Address: jaakko.haerkoenen@cern.ch Abreu, M. 2 Anbinderis, P. 3 Anbinderis, T. 3 D’Ambrosio, N. 4 de Boer, W. 5 Borchi, E. 6 Borer, K. 7 Bruzzi, M. 6 Buontempo, S. 4 Chen, W. 8 Cindro, V. 9 Dezillie, B. 8 Dierlamm, A. 5 Eremin, V. 10 Gaubas, E. 3 Gorbatenko, V. 3 Granata, V. 11 Grigoriev, E. 5,12 Grohmann, S. 13; Affiliation:  1: Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 64, 00014, Finland  2: LIP, Av. E. Garcia, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal  3: Institute of Materials Science and Applied Research, University of Vilnius, 2040 Vilnius, Lithuania  4: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università “Federico II” and INFN, I-80125 Napoli, Italy  5: IEKP University of Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany  6: Dipartimento di Energetica, Università di Firenze, I-50139 Firenze, Italy  7: Laboratorium für Hochenergiephysik der Universität Bern, Sidlerstarsse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland  8: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  9: Exp. Particle Physics Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, P.O. Box 3000, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia  10: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia  11: Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK  12: Department de Radiologie, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland  13: CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 535 Issue 1/2, p384; Subject Term: LOW temperature engineering; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Author-Supplied Keyword: 71.55.Cn; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.157
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Zheng
AU  - En’yo, H.
AU  - Goto, Y.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Beuttenmuller, R.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Elliott, D.
AU  - Guo, Y.H.
AU  - Kawabata, T.
AU  - Togawa, M.
AU  - Saito, N.
AU  - Rykov, V.
AU  - Tanida, K.
AU  - Tojo, J.
T1  - Development of 2nd prototype of novel silicon Stripixel detector for PHENIX upgrade
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/12/11/
VL  - 535
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 404
EP  - 409
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: A novel detector type, named “Stripixel” detector developed at BNL, has been applied in the development of a prototype Si strip detector system for the PHENIX Upgrade at RHIC. This novel detector type can generate X-Y two-dimensional position sensitivity with single-sided processing and readout. The prototype Si Stripixel detector has an active area of about 3cm × 6cm, which is divided into two identical halves. Both X and Y pitches are 80μm, with a stereo angle of 4.6°. There are 384 X strips and 384 Y strips on each half of the detector. The first prototype Si Stripixel detectors have been produced at BNL. The initial tests of detector properties have yielded good results on position resolution in both X and Y coordinates. The design and mask set production of the 2nd prototype Si strip detectors were completed in December 2003. In the 2nd prototype design, the maximum distance between the X and Y interleaving pixels is shortened significantly to solve the asymmetry in charge sharing between X and Y pixels and strips observed in the first prototype Stripixel detectors. Also, a novel pixel inter-connection scheme with overlapping pixels is implemented, which can generate the same position resolution with twice of the pitch size as in the tradition scheme. In this novel scheme, for the same position resolution, one may just use half of the number of strips (in a given detector size), thus saving the readout channels by a factor of two. The first batch of the fabrication run of the 2nd prototype Stripixel detectors have been completed in February 2004. Preliminary electrical tests have revealed good results. Laser, source and beam tests are planned. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTOTYPES
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - 2d position sensitivity
KW  - Double metal process
KW  - One-sided processing
KW  - Si strip detectors
KW  - Si Stripixel detectors
N1  - Accession Number: 15448681; Li, Zheng 1,2; Email Address: zhengl@bnl.gov En’yo, H. 1,3 Goto, Y. 1,3 Radeka, V. 2 Beuttenmuller, R. 2 Chen, W. 2 Elliott, D. 2 Guo, Y.H. 2 Kawabata, T. 3 Togawa, M. 3,4 Saito, N. 1,3,4 Rykov, V. 3 Tanida, K. 3 Tojo, J. 3; Affiliation:  1: RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  2: Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA  3: RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan  4: Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 535 Issue 1/2, p404; Subject Term: PROTOTYPES; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: SILICON; Author-Supplied Keyword: 2d position sensitivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Double metal process; Author-Supplied Keyword: One-sided processing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si strip detectors; Author-Supplied Keyword: Si Stripixel detectors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.192
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bültmann, S.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Chiang, I.H.
AU  - Chrien, R.E.
AU  - Drees, A.
AU  - Gill, R.L.
AU  - Guryn, W.
AU  - Landgraf, J.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Ljubicic, T.A.
AU  - Lynn, D.
AU  - Pearson, C.
AU  - Pile, P.
AU  - Radeka, V.
AU  - Rusek, A.
AU  - Sakitt, M.
AU  - Scheetz, R.
AU  - Tepikian, S.
AU  - Chwastowski, J.
AU  - Pawlik, B.
T1  - The PP2PP experiment at RHIC: silicon detectors installed in Roman Pots for forward proton detection close to the beam
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/12/11/
VL  - 535
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
EP  - 420
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: The PP2PP experiment is one of five experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, New York. It is designed to measure the elastic scattering of protons at  = 50–500GeV. The detector consists of silicon strip detectors mounted in Roman Pots and installed in the RHIC ring 60m from the interaction region. During the engineering run of 2002 and physics run of 2003 the detectors were inserted as close as 15 mm from the proton beam. An overview of the experiment and details of the detector design and performance will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON diodes
KW  - DETECTORS
KW  - PHYSICS instruments
KW  - BEAM dynamics
N1  - Accession Number: 15448683; Bültmann, S. 1 Chen, W. 1 Chiang, I.H. 1 Chrien, R.E. 1 Drees, A. 1 Gill, R.L. 1 Guryn, W. 1 Landgraf, J. 1 Li, Z. 1 Ljubicic, T.A. 1 Lynn, D. 1; Email Address: dlynn@bnl.gov Pearson, C. 1 Pile, P. 1 Radeka, V. 1 Rusek, A. 1 Sakitt, M. 1 Scheetz, R. 1 Tepikian, S. 1 Chwastowski, J. 2 Pawlik, B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cracow, Poland; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 535 Issue 1/2, p415; Subject Term: SILICON diodes; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: PHYSICS instruments; Subject Term: BEAM dynamics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.07.162
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu-Jun Zhao
AU  - Clas Persson
AU  - Stephan Lany
AU  - Alex Zunger
T1  - Why can CuInSe2 be readily equilibrium-doped n-type but the wider-gap CuGaSe2 cannot?
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/13/
VL  - 85
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 5860
EP  - 5862
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The wider-gap members of a semiconductor series such as diamond→Si→Ge or AlN→GaN→InN often cannot be doped n-type at equilibrium. We study theoretically if this is the case in the chalcopyrite family CuGaSe2→CuInSe2, finding that: (i) Bulk CuInSe2 (CIS, Eg=1.04 eV) can be doped at equilibrium n-type either by Cd or Cl, but bulk CuGaSe2 (CGS, Eg=1.68 eV) cannot; (ii) result (i) is primarily because the Cu-vacancy pins the Fermi level in CGS farther below the conduction band minimum than it does in CIS, as explained by the “doping limit rule;” (iii) Cd doping is better than Cl doping, in that CdCu yields in CIS a higher net donor concentration than ClSe; and (iv) in general, the system shows massive compensation of acceptors (CdIII,VCu) and donors (ClSe,CdCu,InCu). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS
KW  - CONDUCTION band
KW  - DIAMONDS
KW  - CHALCOPYRITE
KW  - FREE electron theory of metals
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
N1  - Accession Number: 15331886; Yu-Jun Zhao 1 Clas Persson 1; Email Address: zunger@nrel.gov Stephan Lany 1 Alex Zunger 1; Affiliation:  1: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401.; Source Info: 12/13/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 24, p5860; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS; Subject Term: CONDUCTION band; Subject Term: DIAMONDS; Subject Term: CHALCOPYRITE; Subject Term: FREE electron theory of metals; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212234 Copper Ore and Nickel Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212233 Copper-zinc ore mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414410 Jewellery and watch merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1830074
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bross, A.
AU  - Estrada, J.
AU  - Rubinov, P.
AU  - Garcia, C.
AU  - Hoeneisen, B.
T1  - Localized field reduction and rate limitation in visible light photon counters.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/13/
VL  - 85
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 6025
EP  - 6027
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We observe the effect of localized field reduction (LFR) in visible light photon counters (VLPCs) by measuring the bias current of the device after a light pulse, and find it consistent with being produced by avalanches that have an average transverse dimension of ≈12 μm2. The characteristic recovery time for the device after an avalanche is measured to be ≈3.5 ms, and is a function of bias voltage and temperature. A simple model is presented to describe the performance drop of the VLPCs with rate as a consequence of LFR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PHOTON detectors
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - AVALANCHES
KW  - NUCLEAR counters
KW  - THERMAL properties
KW  - PHOTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15331831; Bross, A. 1 Estrada, J. 1; Email Address: estrada@fnal.gov Rubinov, P. 1 Garcia, C. 2 Hoeneisen, B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510.  2: University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627.  3: Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.; Source Info: 12/13/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 24, p6025; Subject Term: PHOTON detectors; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: AVALANCHES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR counters; Subject Term: THERMAL properties; Subject Term: PHOTONS; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1835558
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tilley, D.R.
AU  - Kelley, J.H.
AU  - Godwin, J.L.
AU  - Millener, D.J.
AU  - Purcell, J.E.
AU  - Sheu, C.G.
AU  - Weller, H.R.
T1  - Energy levels of light nuclei
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/13/
VL  - 745
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 155
EP  - 362
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Abstract: A review of the evidence on the properties of the nuclei , 9 and 10, with emphasis on material leading to information about the structure of the  systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - QUANTUM theory
KW  - EXCITED state chemistry
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
N1  - Accession Number: 15426878; Tilley, D.R. 1,2 Kelley, J.H. 1,2; Email Address: kelley@tunl.duke.edu Godwin, J.L. 1,3 Millener, D.J. 4 Purcell, J.E. 1,5 Sheu, C.G. 1,3 Weller, H.R. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC 27708-0308, USA  2: Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202, USA  3: Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0305, USA  4: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 745 Issue 3/4, p155; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: QUANTUM theory; Subject Term: EXCITED state chemistry; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Number of Pages: 208p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.059
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajan, Shyamala S.
AU  - Xiaojing Yang
AU  - Shuvalova, Ludmilla
AU  - Collart, Frank
AU  - Anderson, Wayne F.
T1  - YfiT from Bacillus subtilis Is a Probable Metal-Dependent Hydrolase with an Unusual Four-Helix Bundle Topology.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/14/
VL  - 43
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 15472
EP  - 15479
SN  - 00062960
AB  - YfiT, a 19-kDa polypeptide from Bacillus subtilis, belongs to a small sequence family with members predominantly from Gram positive bacteria. We have determined the crystal structure of YfiT in complex with Ni2+ to a resolution of 1.7 A. YfiT exists as a dimer and binds Ni2+ in a 1:1 stoichiometry. The protein has an unusual four-helix bundle topology and coordinates Ni2+ in an octahedral geometry with three conserved histidines and three waters. Although there is no similarity in their overall structures, the coordination geometry of the metal and the residues that constitute the putative active site in YfiT are similar to those of metalloproteases such as thermoly sin. Our structural analyses suggest that YfiT might function as a metal-dependent hydrolase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BACILLUS (Bacteria)
KW  - FAMILIES
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - STOICHIOMETRY
KW  - METALLOPROTEINASES
KW  - LATTICE theory
N1  - Accession Number: 15520013; Rajan, Shyamala S. 1 Xiaojing Yang 1 Shuvalova, Ludmilla 2 Collart, Frank 2 Anderson, Wayne F. 1; Email Address: wf-anderson@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611  2: Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 12/14/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 49, p15472; Subject Term: BACILLUS (Bacteria); Subject Term: FAMILIES; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: STOICHIOMETRY; Subject Term: METALLOPROTEINASES; Subject Term: LATTICE theory; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/bi048665r
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DP  - EBSCOhost
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Manaa, M. Riad
T1  - Raman scattering of azafullerene C48N12
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/14/
VL  - 400
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 23
EP  - 25
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Abstract: Raman scattering activities and Raman-active frequencies are reported for the minimum energy structure of azafullerene C48N12 at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. Analysis of the vibrational spectrum shows that the most intense IR and Raman bands are those associated with C–C vibrations, and that strong IR and Raman C–N vibrations occur below 1400 cm−1. Together with the recently reported infrared, optical absorption and X-ray spectroscopies, a complete identification of this cluster should now be feasible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - VIBRATIONAL spectra
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 19278795; Manaa, M. Riad 1; Email Address: manaa1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Energetic Materials Center, P.O. Box 808, 7000 East Avenue, L-282 Livermore, CA, 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 400 Issue 1-3, p23; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: VIBRATIONAL spectra; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.10.080
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balasubramanian, K.
T1  - Combinatorics of NMR and ESR spectroscopy of C60H36 isomers
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
JF  - Chemical Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/14/
VL  - 400
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 78
EP  - 85
SN  - 00092614
AB  - Abstract: We have considered combinatorial and group theoretical analysis of three recently synthesized isomers of C60H36. We have obtained the generating functions for nuclear spin species of the protons and 13C nuclei, and special cases of those functions yield the NMR spectral patterns. Our NMR results for three isomers with C1, C3 and T symmetries agree with experiment. We have also predicted the ESR hyperfine patterns of radicals derived from the three isomers. Complete tables of nuclear spin species of these isomers have been obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Physics Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance
KW  - PROTONS
KW  - GENERATING functions
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 19278806; Balasubramanian, K. 1,2,3; Email Address: kbala@ucdavis.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Image Processing and Integrated computing, University of California Davis, Livermore, CA 94550 USA  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA  3: Glenn T Seaborg Center, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 400 Issue 1-3, p78; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; Subject Term: PROTONS; Subject Term: GENERATING functions; Subject Term: ATOMS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.10.061
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hertzog, David E.
AU  - Michaiet, Xavier
AU  - Jäger, Marcus
AU  - Xiangxu Kong
AU  - Santiago, Juan G.
AU  - Weiss, Shimon
AU  - Bakajin, Olgica
T1  - Femtomole Mixer for Microsecond Kinetic Studies of Protein Folding.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7169
EP  - 7178
SN  - 00032700
AB  - We have developed a microfluidic mixer for studying protein folding and other reactions with a mixing lime of 8 ps and sample consumption of femtomoles. This device enables us to access conformational changes under conditions far from equilibrium and at previously inaccessible lime scales. In this paper, we discuss the design and optimization of the mixer using modeling of convective diffusion phenomena and a characterization of the mixer performance using microparticle image velocinietry, dye quenching, and Flirster resonance energy-transfer (FREl) measurements of single-stranded DNA. We also demonstrate the feasibility of measuring fast protein folding kinetics using FRET with acyl-CoA binding protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PROTEIN folding
KW  - PROTEIN conformation
KW  - SOLID solutions
KW  - CARRIER proteins
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 15512937; Hertzog, David E. 1 Michaiet, Xavier 2 Jäger, Marcus 2 Xiangxu Kong 2 Santiago, Juan G. 3 Weiss, Shimon 2 Bakajin, Olgica 1; Email Address: bakajin1@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.  2: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095.  3: Mechanical Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305.; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 24, p7169; Subject Term: PROTEIN folding; Subject Term: PROTEIN conformation; Subject Term: SOLID solutions; Subject Term: CARRIER proteins; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gritti, Fabrice
AU  - Guiochon, Georges
T1  - Elution of Propranolol as an Ion-Pair Complex by Buffer Solutions on C18-Silica.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7310
EP  - 7322
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Propranolol (pKa = 9.4) was eluted on C18-bonded Kromasil, equilibrated with buffer solutions of methanol and water (40/60, v/v) containing a constant concentration of a counteranion (12 mM). Nine different counter- anions were studied: Cl-, I-, NO3-, SO42-, CH3COO, HOOCC2H4COO-, -OOCC2H4COO-, HOOCCOHCOOHC-OO-, HOOCCOHCOO-COO-, and -OOCCOHCOO-COO-. The cocation was K+ or Nat Vacancy perturbations were measured on three concentration plateaus of propranolol hydrochloride, at 1.2, 12, and 24 mM, by injecting 100 μL of a pure mixture of methanol and water (40/60, v/v). Indirect detection of the solvent, the counteranion, the co-cation, and the chloride ion was carried out at 325 nm, a wavelength at which only propranolol responds. In a 1.2 mM propranolol hydrochloride solution, there is a 10- fold excess of counteranions and only a positive perturba- tion peak, due to the excluded co-cation and eluling before the column hold-up lime, and a large vacancy peak, associated with propranolol, were recorded. Association between propranolol and the counteranion in excess determines the retention time of this second perturbation. The hydrophobicity of the complexes increases in the order Cl- <CH3COO-&ap; HOOCC2H4COO- <NO3- < I- <HOOCCOHCOOHCOO- < -COOCC2H4COO <SSO42- &ap;HOOCCOHCOO-COO <-OOCCOHCOO-COO. Propranolol retention is larger in the presence of the trivalent citrate anion than in that of the bivalent citrate, succinate, or sulfate anions. It is larger with these bivalent anions than with any monovalent anion. Equal concentration of propranolol hydrochloride and buffer in the mobile phase reveals five system peaks associated with the five components (solvent, counteranion, co-cation, chloride, propranolol molecules). In contrast with monovalent anions, bivalent anions (sulfate, succinate, citrate) or trivalent anions (citrate) cause a reversal of the elution order of the perturbation peaks of chloride anions and buffer molecules. This confirms a competition between chloride and buffer anions to form ion pairs with propranolol. The retention of the perturbation signal of the buffer increases with increasing anion charge because multivalent anions can bind to several molecules of propranolol. The perturbation measurements demonstrate the influence of the valence and hydrophobicity of the buffer on the retention of ionizable compounds. The inverse method allowed the derivation of the isotherm parameters from the overloaded band profiles of propranolol. These values confirm that adsorbate-adsorbate interactions increase with increasing valence of the anions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ANIONS
KW  - BUFFER solutions
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ALCOHOLS (Chemical class)
KW  - HYDROGEN-ion concentration
KW  - SILICA
N1  - Accession Number: 15512954; Gritti, Fabrice 1,2 Guiochon, Georges 1,2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600.  2: Division of Chemical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 3783 1-6120.; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 24, p7310; Subject Term: ANIONS; Subject Term: BUFFER solutions; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ALCOHOLS (Chemical class); Subject Term: HYDROGEN-ion concentration; Subject Term: SILICA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shvartsburg, Alexandre A.
AU  - Keqi Tang
AU  - Smith, Richard D.
T1  - Understanding and Designing Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spctrometry Separations in Gas Mixtures.
JO  - Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 76
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7366
EP  - 7374
SN  - 00032700
AB  - Field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) has significant potential for post-ionization separations in conjunction with MS analyses. FAIMS fractionates ion mixtures by exploiting the fact that ion mobilities in gases depend on the electric field in a manner specific to each ion. Nearly all previous work has used pure gases, for which FAIMS fundamentals are understood reasonably well; however, unexpected phenomena observed in some gas mixtures (e.g., N2/CO2) but not in others (N2/O2) remain unexplained. Here, we introduce and experimentally test a universal model for FAIMS separations in mixtures, derived from formalisms that determine high- field mobilities in heteromolecular gases. Overall, the theoretical findings are consistent with data for N2/CO2 (although quantitative discrepancies remain), while results for N2/O2 fit Blanc's law, in agreement with measurements. Calculations for He/N2 and He/CO2 are also consistent with observations and suggest why adding He to the working gas generally enhances FAIMS performance. As predicted, mixtures of gases with extremely disparate molecular masses and collision cross sections, such as He/SF6, exhibit spectacular non-Blanc effects, which greatly improve the resolution and peak capacity of technique. Understanding FAIMS operation in gas mixtures is expected to enable the rational design of media for both targeted and global analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Analytical Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - SPECTROMETRY
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - COMPLEX variables
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
N1  - Accession Number: 15512962; Shvartsburg, Alexandre A. 1 Keqi Tang 1 Smith, Richard D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-98, 3335 Q Avenue, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 76 Issue 24, p7366; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SPECTROMETRY; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: COMPLEX variables; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wilding, Martin C.
AU  - Benmore, Chris J.
AU  - Tangeman, Jean A.
AU  - Sampath, Sujatha
T1  - Evidence of different structures in magnesium silicate liquids: coordination changes in forsterite- to enstatite-composition glasses
JO  - Chemical Geology
JF  - Chemical Geology
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 213
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 281
EP  - 291
SN  - 00092541
AB  - Abstract: Combined neutron and X-ray diffraction data show changes in the structure of magnesium silicate glasses, ranging in composition from enstatite (MgSiO3) to forsterite (Mg2SiO4). The most abrupt change occurs in the narrow compositional range 38% SiO2 to 33% SiO2 (Mg2SiO4). These structural changes reflect a change from a glass characterized by corner shared SiO4 tetrahedra and an approximately equal mixture of MgO4 and MgO5 polyhedra, to one in which the average coordination of magnesium by oxygen is increased from 4.5±0.1 to 5.0±0.1. Both these local environments are very different from that of their crystalline counterparts. Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) simulation fits to the experimental neutron, and X-ray diffraction data have been performed to extract the partial radial distribution functions for the enstatite and forsterite glasses. The structural changes are interpreted as a change in the underlying configurational landscape and are considered to be a manifestation of similar structural changes in the stable liquid. These configurational changes are associated with a discontinuous change in the rheological properties of these glass-forming liquids close to the forsterite composition and suggest differences in the transport properties of magnesium silicate liquids at high pressure. Preliminary data on compressed magnesium silicate glasses indicates that higher coordinate Mg–O is expected to be more stable with increasing pressure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Chemical Geology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - HYDROSTATICS
KW  - DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
KW  - Enstatite
KW  - Forsterite
KW  - Magnesium silicate liquids
N1  - Accession Number: 15584178; Wilding, Martin C. 1; Email Address: mcwilding@ucdavis.edu Benmore, Chris J. 2 Tangeman, Jean A. 3 Sampath, Sujatha 2,4; Affiliation:  1: University of California at Davis, Department of Geology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, United States  3: Containerless Research Inc., 906 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, United States  4: University of Wyoming, Department of Chemistry, Laramie, WY 82071, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 213 Issue 1-3, p281; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: HYDROSTATICS; Subject Term: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory); Author-Supplied Keyword: Enstatite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Forsterite; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnesium silicate liquids; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.08.055
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Fantle, Matthew S.
AU  - DePaolo, Donald J.
T1  - Iron isotopic fractionation during continental weathering
JO  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
JF  - Earth & Planetary Science Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 228
IS  - 3/4
M3  - Article
SP  - 547
EP  - 562
SN  - 0012821X
AB  - Abstract: The effect of continental weathering on the iron isotope compositions of natural materials is investigated. Unweathered igneous rocks, pelagic clay, and dust fall within the range δ56Fe=0±0.3‰. Rivers with large suspended loads also have δ56Fe values near zero. Dilute streams have δ56Fe values that trend towards lower δ56Fe (∼−1) suggesting that dissolved riverine iron is isotopically light relative to igneous rocks. Bulk soil and soil leaches display systematically different δ56Fe profiles, indicating that isotopically distinct Fe pools are generated during pedogenesis. Nannofossil ooze, which contains Fe scavenged from the ocean water column, has δ56Fe≈0, but is consistent with seawater dissolved Fe having negative δ56Fe. It is inferred that continental weathering under modern oxidizing Earth surface conditions preferentially releases dissolved Fe with negative δ56Fe, which is transported in rivers to the ocean. A preliminary analysis of the marine Fe budget suggests that riverine Fe has a substantial role in determining the δ56Fe of both the modern and ancient oceans, but other inputs, particularly that from diagenesis of marine sediments, may also be important. Since the chemical pathways of Fe processing during weathering are dependent on oxidation state and biological activity, Fe isotopes may prove useful for detecting changes in these parameters in the geologic past. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Earth & Planetary Science Letters is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - WEATHERING
KW  - IGNEOUS rocks
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - WATER masses
KW  - iron cycle
KW  - iron isotopes
KW  - rivers
KW  - soils
KW  - weathering
N1  - Accession Number: 15560738; Fantle, Matthew S. 1; Email Address: mfantle@eps.berkeley.edu DePaolo, Donald J. 1,2; Email Address: depaolo@eps.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Center for Isotope Geochemistry, 307 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-4767, United States  2: MS 90-1160, Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 228 Issue 3/4, p547; Subject Term: WEATHERING; Subject Term: IGNEOUS rocks; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Subject Term: WATER masses; Author-Supplied Keyword: iron cycle; Author-Supplied Keyword: iron isotopes; Author-Supplied Keyword: rivers; Author-Supplied Keyword: soils; Author-Supplied Keyword: weathering; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.10.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, Liyou
AU  - Thompson, Dorothea K.
AU  - Xueduan Liu
AU  - Fields, Matthew W.
AU  - Bagwell, Christopher E.
AU  - Tiedje, James M.
AU  - Jizhong Zhou
T1  - Development and Evaluation of Microarray-Based Whole-Genome Hybridization for Detection of Microorganisms within the Context of Environmental Applications.
JO  - Environmental Science & Technology
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 6775
EP  - 6782
SN  - 0013936X
AB  - The detection and identification of microorganisms in natural communities is a great challenge to biologists. Microarray-based genomic technology provides a promising high-throughput alternative to traditional microbial characterization. A novel prototype microarray containing whole genomic DNA, termed community genome array (CGA), was constructed and evaluated. Microarray hybridizations at 55 °C using 50% formamide permitted the examined bacteria to be distinguished at the species level, while strain-level differentiation was obtained at hybridization temperatures of 65 or 75 °C. The detection limit was estimated to be approximately 0.2 ng with genomic DNA from a single pure culture using a reduced hybridization volume (3 μL). Using mixtures of known amounts of DNA or a known number of cells from 14 or 16 different species, respectively, about 5 ng of genomic DNA or 2.5 x 105 cells were detected under the hybridization conditions used. In addition, strong linear relationships were observed between hybridization signal intensity and target DNA concentrations for pure cultures, a mixture of DNA templates, and a population of mixed cells (r2 = 0.95- 0.98, P < 0.01). Finally, the prototype C6A revealed differences in microbial community composition in soil, river, and marine sediments. The results suggest that CI3A hybridization has potential as a specific, sensitive, and quantitative tool for detection and identification of microorganisms in environmental samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEIC acids
KW  - HYBRIDIZATION
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - MICROORGANISMS
KW  - BIOTIC communities
KW  - MARINE sediments
N1  - Accession Number: 15616409; Wu, Liyou 1,2 Thompson, Dorothea K. 1 Xueduan Liu 1 Fields, Matthew W. 1,3 Bagwell, Christopher E. 1,4 Tiedje, James M. 1 Jizhong Zhou 1; Email Address: zhouj@ornl.gov.; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division  2: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  3: Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824  4: Department of Plant Pathology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China,; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 38 Issue 24, p6775; Subject Term: NUCLEIC acids; Subject Term: HYBRIDIZATION; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: MICROORGANISMS; Subject Term: BIOTIC communities; Subject Term: MARINE sediments; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shamsi, Abolghasem
AU  - Shadle, Lawrence J.
AU  - Seshadri, Kalkunte S.
T1  - Study of low-temperature oxidation of buckskin subbituminous coal and derived chars produced in ENCOAL process
JO  - Fuel Processing Technology
JF  - Fuel Processing Technology
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 86
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 275
EP  - 292
SN  - 03783820
AB  - Low-temperature oxidation of buckskin subbituminous coal and derived chars produced in ENCOAL process was studied in a small-scale reactor at several experimental conditions. The consumption of oxygen and the generation of carbon monoxide occurred concurrently, while the formation of carbon dioxide was observed after a decline in the formation of carbon monoxide.The rate of carbon monoxide formation appears to be dependent on the moisture content of the reacting air, the moisture content of char, and the conditions at which the char is prepared. For example, higher concentration of carbon monoxide was produced from the moist air reacting with moisture-enriched char samples than with the dry air reacting with the as-received sample. This suggests that water plays an important role in the production of carbon monoxide. The activation energies and the first-order rate constants for oxygen consumption were measured and values agreed well with those found in the literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CARBON
KW  - NONMETALS
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - CARBON monoxide
KW  - Buckskin subbituminous coal
KW  - ENCOAL process
KW  - Oxidation
N1  - Accession Number: 14871200; Shamsi, Abolghasem; Email Address: ashams@netl.doe.gov Shadle, Lawrence J. 1 Seshadri, Kalkunte S. 2; Affiliation:  1: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 880, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA  2: Parson Infrastructure and Technology Group, P.O. Box 880, 3610 Collins Ferry Road, Morgantown, WV 26507-0880, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 86 Issue 3, p275; Subject Term: CARBON; Subject Term: NONMETALS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: CARBON monoxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buckskin subbituminous coal; Author-Supplied Keyword: ENCOAL process; Author-Supplied Keyword: Oxidation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.03.007
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trivic, D.N.
AU  - O’Brien, T.J.
AU  - Amon, C.H.
T1  - Modeling the radiation of anisotropically scattering media by coupling Mie theory with finite volume method
JO  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
JF  - International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 47
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 5765
EP  - 5780
SN  - 00179310
AB  - A new mathematical model and code for radiative heat transfer of particulate media with anisotropic scattering for 2-D rectangular enclosure is developed. The model is based on the coupling of (i) finite volume method for the solution of radiative transfer equation with (ii) Mie equations for the evaluation of scattering phase function. It has not been done before to the authors’ best knowledge. The predictions were compared against the only found results, published 15 years ago. For those results the S-N discrete ordinates method for the solution of radiative transfer equation and the Legendre polynomials expansions for the evaluation of scattering phase function were used. The agreement between the results is very good. The advantages of new model and code are in their straight forward application to any given particles parameters without the need for previously designed analytical expression for scattering phase function. In addition, that analytical expression, with generated expansion coefficients, is restricted and can be used only for that particular case of particle parameters. The new model was applied to the solid particles of several various coals and of an ash and the series of 2-D predictions are performed. The effects of particle size parameter and of scattering albedo on radiative heat flux and on incident radiation were analyzed. It was found that the model developed is reliable and very accurate and thus suitable for extension towards: (i) 3-D geometries, (ii) mixtures of non-gray gases with particles as well as for (iii) incorporation in computational fluid dynamics codes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HEAT transfer
KW  - ANISOTROPY
KW  - MIE scattering
KW  - MATHEMATICAL models
KW  - Anisotropic scattering
KW  - Finite volume method
KW  - Mie theory
KW  - Particles radiation
N1  - Accession Number: 14811738; Trivic, D.N.; Email Address: trivic@vin.bg.ac.yu O’Brien, T.J. 1 Amon, C.H. 2; Affiliation:  1: US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 6507-0880, USA  2: Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 47 Issue 26, p5765; Subject Term: HEAT transfer; Subject Term: ANISOTROPY; Subject Term: MIE scattering; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL models; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anisotropic scattering; Author-Supplied Keyword: Finite volume method; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mie theory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Particles radiation; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.07.035
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Jung-Kun
AU  - Averitt, Richard D.
AU  - Nastasi, Michael
T1  - Boron-enhanced blistering and exfoliation in hydrogen-implanted SrTiO3.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7045
EP  - 7051
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The blistering behavior and the exfoliation of SrTiO3 single crystals were investigated using co-implantation with boron and hydrogen. In contrast to H-only-implantation, co-implantation of B+ with 1×1015 ions/cm2 at 80 kV and H+ with 5×1016 ions/cm2 at 40 kV caused a vigorous blistering and a complete exfoliation during the annealing process. A comparison of the blistering depth and the hydrogen distribution in the co-implanted samples revealed that the exfoliation did not occur in the regions of maximum hydrogen concentration or maximum hydrogen-related radiation damage. It occurred at the crossover of the boron distribution profile and hydrogen distribution profile. With the aid of an elastic recoil detection and the Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy in the channeling mode, the preimplanted boron was found to facilitate the long-range H movement into the B-implanted region, resulting in the chemical interaction between B and H. A bond analysis obtained from the Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection spectroscopy showed that B–H interactions resulted in the formation of boron hydride. It is proposed that the boron hydride formation and decomposition upon annealing provided the needed gas pressure for the complete exfoliation of B+H co-implanted SrTiO3 crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BORON
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - CHANNELING (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15244336; Lee, Jung-Kun 1; Email Address: jklee@lanl.gov Averitt, Richard D. 1 Nastasi, Michael 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7045; Subject Term: BORON; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: CHANNELING (Physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1804623
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Floro, J. A.
AU  - Follstaedt, D. M.
AU  - Provencio, P.
AU  - Hearne, S. J.
AU  - Lee, S. R.
T1  - Misfit dislocation formation in the AlGaN/GaN heterointerface.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7087
EP  - 7094
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Heteroepitaxial growth of AlxGa1-xN alloy films on GaN results in large tensile strain due to the lattice mismatch. During growth, this strain is partially relieved both by crack formation and by the coupled introduction of dense misfit dislocation arrays. Extensive transmission electron microscopy measurements show that the misfit dislocations enter the film by pyramidal glide of half loops on the 1/3<11_23>/{112_2} slip system, which is a well-known secondary slip system in hcp metals. Unlike the hcp case, however, where shuffle-type dislocations must be invoked for this slip plane, we show that glide-type dislocations are also possible. Comparisons of measured and theoretical critical thicknesses show that fully strained films can be grown into the metastable regime, which we attribute to limitations on defect nucleation. At advanced stages of relaxation, interfacial multiplication of dislocations dominates the strain relaxation process. This work demonstrates that misfit dislocations are important mechanisms for relaxation of strained III-nitride heterostructures that can contribute significantly to the overall defect density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in metals
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
N1  - Accession Number: 15244330; Floro, J. A. 1; Email Address: jafloro@sandia.gov Follstaedt, D. M. 1 Provencio, P. 1 Hearne, S. J. 1 Lee, S. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1415; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7087; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in metals; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 6 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812361
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244330&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Misra, A.
T1  - Residual stresses in sputter-deposited copper/330 stainless steel multilayers.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7173
EP  - 7178
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The evolution of residual stresses as a function of bilayer period from 10 nm to 1 μm in sputter-deposited Cu/330 stainless-steel (SS) multilayered films is evaluated by the substrate curvature technique. The multilayer stress evolution is compared with residual stresses in single layer Cu films and single layer 330 SS films, also measured by substrate curvature technique, with respective film thicknesses varying from 5 to 500 nm. Both single layer and multilayer films exhibit high tensile residual stresses that increase with decreasing layer thickness, but are found to be lower than the respective yield strengths. The intrinsic tensile residual stress evolution with film thickness is explained using the island coalescence model. The difference between the multilayer residual stress and the average residual stresses in single-layered Cu and 330 SS films is interpreted in terms of interface stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESIDUAL stresses
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - STRENGTH of materials
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - CORROSION resistant alloys
KW  - STEEL alloys
N1  - Accession Number: 15244317; Zhang, X. 1; Email Address: zhangx@lanl.gov Misra, A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7173; Subject Term: RESIDUAL stresses; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRENGTH of materials; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: CORROSION resistant alloys; Subject Term: STEEL alloys; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1813617
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244317&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Ki-Suk
AU  - Kim, Sang-Koog
AU  - Kortright, J. B.
T1  - Soft x-ray resonant magneto-optical Kerr effect as a depth-sensitive probe of magnetic heterogeneity: Its application to resolve helical spin structures using linear p polarization.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7414
EP  - 7419
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We have calculated the soft x-ray resonant Kerr intensities as a function of the incident grazing angle of linearly p-polarized waves from the model spin structures, where the chirality (handedness) of the spin spirals (twist in depth) in a magnetic layer and the periodicity of a unit spiral are designed to vary. Variations in the chirality and the periodicity lead to noticeable changes in the Kerr intensity versus the grazing angle, which is due not only to a large sensitivity of the Kerr intensity of the linear p polarization to both the magnitude and direction of the transverse components of magnetizations, but also to a large dependence of the depth sensitivity on the grazing angle at the resonance regions. The measurement and analysis of the specular Kerr intensity are relatively straightforward in determining the inhomogeneous spin structures in depth, compared to those of the Kerr rotation and ellipticity. This is proven to be a convenient and useful probe to determine the handedness of spin spiral structures, as well as to resolve the detailed magnetic heterostructures in depth in ultrathin-layered films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GRAZING
KW  - GRENZ rays
KW  - ENANTIOMERS
KW  - SYMMETRY (Physics)
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
N1  - Accession Number: 15244278; Lee, Ki-Suk 1 Kim, Sang-Koog 1; Email Address: sangkoog@snu.ac.kr Kortright, J. B. 2; Affiliation:  1: Nanospintronics Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7414; Subject Term: GRAZING; Subject Term: GRENZ rays; Subject Term: ENANTIOMERS; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Physics); Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1806535
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244278&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Meŝtric, Hrvoje
AU  - Eichel, Rüdiger-A.
AU  - Dinse, K.-P.
AU  - Ozarowski, Andrew
AU  - van Tol, Johan
AU  - Brunel, Louis Claude
T1  - High-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance investigation of the Fe3+ impurity center in polycrystalline PbTiO3 in its ferroelectric phase.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7440
EP  - 7444
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The intrinsic iron(III) impurity center in polycrystalline lead titanate was investigated by means of high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in order to determine the local-environment sensitive fine-structure parameter D. At a spectrometer frequency of 190 GHz, a spectral analysis of a powder sample was unambiguously possible. The observed mean value D=+35.28 GHz can be rationalized if Fe3+ ions substitute for Ti4+ at the B site of the perovskite ABO3 lattice forming a directly coordinated FeTi′–VO·· defect associate. A consistent fit of the multifrequency data necessitated the use of a distribution of the D values with a variance of about 1 GHz. This statistical distribution of values is probably related to more distant defects and vacancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance
KW  - ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - PEROVSKITE
KW  - OXIDE minerals
KW  - POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 15244273; Meŝtric, Hrvoje 1 Eichel, Rüdiger-A. 1; Email Address: eichel@chemie.tu-darmstadt.de Dinse, K.-P. 1 Ozarowski, Andrew 2 van Tol, Johan 2 Brunel, Louis Claude 2; Affiliation:  1: Eduard-Zintl-Institute, Darmstadt University of Technology, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany  2: Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7440; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance; Subject Term: ELECTRON paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: PEROVSKITE; Subject Term: OXIDE minerals; Subject Term: POLYCRYSTALLINE semiconductors; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1808477
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244273&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, Jung-Kun
AU  - Yi, Jae Yun
AU  - Hong, Kug-Sun
T1  - Physical mechanism for orientation dependence of ferroelectric fatigue in Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-5% PbTiO3 crystals.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7471
EP  - 7475
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The underlying phenomenology of the crystallographic orientation dependence on ferroelectric fatigue behavior was investigated in rhombohedral Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-5% PbTiO3 (PZN-5PT) crystals. It was recently found that an electric field (E field) application along the <001> direction of PZN-5PT crystal did not induce the fatigue to 105 cycles of bipolar electric field cycling (switching), while the ferroelectric fatigue became evident from 103 cycles of polarization switching along the <111> direction. In this study, the dependence of ferroelectric fatigue on the crystal orientation is explained by changes in internal stress, switching mechanisms, and domain configuration. The magnitude of the in-plane tensile strain was a maximum during a domain switching in <111> oriented crystals, resulting in the suppressed motion of domain boundaries in <111> oriented crystals. In addition to the stress, differences in domain switching mechanisms and domain boundary density for <001> and <111> oriented crystals contributed to the orientation dependence of ferroelectric fatigue. Sideways domain growth became dominant and domain width increased when the E field was applied along the <111> direction. Sideways domain growth of <111> oriented crystal swept oxygen vacancies of the domains during the consecutive switching process, leading to the effective accumulation of oxygen vacancies at the domain boundaries. Smaller domain boundary densities found in <111> oriented crystals, in comparison to <100> oriented crystals, also contributed to the increase in the density of accumulated oxygen vacancies at domain boundaries after sweeping oxygen vacancies of the domains, due to the impact of increased E-field cycling and cumulative switching. High in-plane tensile stress and a high concentration of oxygen vacancies at the domain boundaries due to sideways growth and small domain boundary density were suggested to pin the movement of domain boundaries and enhance the fatigue in <111> oriented crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - OXYGEN
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 15244267; Lee, Jung-Kun 1; Email Address: jklee@lanl.gov Yi, Jae Yun 2 Hong, Kug-Sun 2; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science & Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7471; Subject Term: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: OXYGEN; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812815
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244267&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dou, S. X.
AU  - Braccini, V.
AU  - Soltanian, S.
AU  - Klie, R.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Wang, X. L.
AU  - Larbalestier, D.
T1  - Nanoscale-SiC doping for enhancing Jc and Hc2 in superconducting MgB2.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7549
EP  - 7555
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - The effect of nanoscale-SiC doping of MgB2 was investigated in comparison with undoped, clean-limit, and Mg-vapor-exposed samples using transport and magnetic measurements. It was found that there are two distinguishable but related mechanisms that control the critical current-density-field Jc(H) behavior: increase of upper critical field Hc2 and improvement of flux pinning. There is a clear correlation between the critical temperature Tc, the resistivity ρ, the residual resistivity ratio RRR=R(300 K)/R(40 K), the irreversibility field H*, and the alloying state in the samples. The Hc2 is about the same within the measured field range for both the Mg-vapor-treated and the SiC-doped samples. However, the Jc(H) for the latter is higher than the former in a high-field regime by an order of magnitude. Mg vapor treatment induced intrinsic scattering and contributed to an increase in Hc2. SiC doping, on the other hand, introduced many nanoscale precipitates and disorder at B and Mg sites, provoking an increase of ρ(40 K) from 1 μΩ cm (RRR=15) for the clean-limit sample to 300 μΩ cm (RRR=1.75) for the SiC-doped sample, leading to significant enhancement of both Hc2 and H* with only a minor effect on Tc. Electron energy-loss spectroscope and transmission electron microscope analysis revealed impurity phases: Mg2Si, MgO, MgB4, BOx, SixByOz, and BC at a scale below 10 nm and an extensive domain structure of 2–4-nm domains in the doped sample, which serve as strong pinning centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOSCIENCE
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - ELECTRIC currents
KW  - SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - DOMAIN structure
KW  - FERROELECTRICITY
N1  - Accession Number: 15244255; Dou, S. X. 1; Email Address: shi_dou@uow.edu.au Braccini, V. 2 Soltanian, S. 1 Klie, R. 3 Zhu, Y. 3 Li, S. 4 Wang, X. L. 1 Larbalestier, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia  2: Applied Superconductivity Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706 and Applied Conductivity Centre, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706  3: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Utpn, New York 11973  4: Advanced Materials Research Center, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7549; Subject Term: NANOSCIENCE; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: ELECTRIC currents; Subject Term: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: DOMAIN structure; Subject Term: FERROELECTRICITY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1814415
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244255&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ma, Qing
AU  - Ryan, P.
AU  - Freeland, J. W.
AU  - Rosenberg, R. A.
T1  - Thermal effect on the oxides on Nb(100) studied by synchrotron-radiation x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7675
EP  - 7680
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Synchrotron-radiation glancing-incidence and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) is used to study the oxides grown in air on a single-crystal Nb(100) surface. Both core-level and valance-band PES are measured for various heat treatments. Glancing-incidence excitation was used to characterize the outer 2-nm Nb2O5 layer without influence from the substrate and to profile through various oxides by varying the incidence angle. Immediately adjacent to this amorphous layer is a layer of NbO2, which contributes to the density of states at 1.2 eV below the Fermi level. Thereafter, there exist other oxides that interface with the metal substrate. Annealing at 430 K induces a “mild” chemical reaction, which is contained essentially in the oxide layer. Annealing at 550 K causes oxygen diffusion into the metal and leaves an oxide layer consisting primarily of Nb2O and a roughened surface, as evidenced by angle-resolved photoemission measurements. Oxide composition alteration caused by annealing at these moderated temperatures is believed to be interface mediated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OXIDES
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - ELECTRON emission
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR orbitals
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - RADIATION
N1  - Accession Number: 15244238; Ma, Qing 1; Email Address: q-ma@northwestern.edu Ryan, P. 1 Freeland, J. W. 1 Rosenberg, R. A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7675; Subject Term: OXIDES; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: ELECTRON emission; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR orbitals; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: RADIATION; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1809774
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244238&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Afanasyev-Charkin, I. V.
AU  - Nastasi, M.
T1  - Comparison between radical- and energetic ion-induced growth of SiCxNy films in plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7681
EP  - 7685
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Ternary SiCxNy compounds are materials with some remarkable properties such as high oxidation resistance and high hardness. In this work we compare the properties of SiCxNy films obtained using radio-frequency (rf) and pulsed glow discharge (PGD) plasmas with combinations of SiH4, C2H2, N2, and Ar source gases. The pulsed voltage used for the rf deposition was 200 V and for the PGD deposition it was 4 kV. During the rf growth, the growth takes place mostly by attaching neutral radicals to form chemical bonds. In the PGD method, the deposition takes place by subplantation and surface activation by energetic ions. We show that in the case of low-energy RF deposition, a high relative number of C–N bonds with sp3 hybridization is formed and very few Si–C bonds can be observed. Apparently the growth of carbon nitride and silicon nitride networks takes place independently. This indicates that SiH3 radicals attach to the dangling bonds of silicon and nitrogen, whereas C2H radicals attach to the dangling bonds of carbon and nitrogen. During pulsed glow discharge deposition, bonds between all three components are formed apparently by means of subplantation and damage-induced disorder. The hardness of the PGD films exceed that of the RF films, showing that to form a dense SiCxNy film one has to either supply energy during the growth of the films by heating the substrate, as in the case of chemical vapor deposition or by using energetic ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SILICON nitride
KW  - ELECTRIC discharges
KW  - GLOW discharges
KW  - PLASMA (Ionized gases)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - IONS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - NITROGEN
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - CHEMICAL vapor deposition
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 15244237; Afanasyev-Charkin, I. V. 1 Nastasi, M. 1; Email Address: nasty@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7681; Subject Term: SILICON nitride; Subject Term: ELECTRIC discharges; Subject Term: GLOW discharges; Subject Term: PLASMA (Ionized gases); Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SILICON; Subject Term: NITROGEN; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: CHEMICAL vapor deposition; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812587
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244237&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Menikoff, Ralph
T1  - Constitutive model for polymethyl methacrylate at high pressure.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7696
EP  - 7704
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - A constitutive model of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is developed for use in analyzing experiments with a velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR) diagnostic that utilize PMMA as a window material. A thermodynamically consistent, fully three dimensional rate dependent elastic-plastic model is calibrated to data for (i) shock speed, (ii) release wave speed behind shock, (iii) shear stress behind shock, (iv) shear wave speed from static compression and (v) shock wave profiles. The model is intended for the regime of shock experiments; microsecond time scale and stress up to 10 GPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HIGH pressure (Science)
KW  - HIGH pressure (Technology)
KW  - PRESSURE
KW  - METHYL methacrylate
KW  - TECHNICAL chemistry
KW  - PHYSICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15244235; Menikoff, Ralph 1; Email Address: rtm@lanl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7696; Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Science); Subject Term: HIGH pressure (Technology); Subject Term: PRESSURE; Subject Term: METHYL methacrylate; Subject Term: TECHNICAL chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812820
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15244235&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liao, X. Z.
AU  - Sharma, A.
AU  - Wei, M.
AU  - MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.
AU  - Branford, W.
AU  - Cohen, L. F.
AU  - Bugoslavsky, Y.
AU  - Zhu, Y. T.
AU  - Peterson, D. E.
AU  - Jiang, Y. B.
AU  - Xu, H. F.
T1  - Highly disordered intergrowths in Sr2FeMoO6.
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7747
EP  - 7749
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - Two Sr2FeMoO6 samples, synthesized under different conditions and showing very different magnetotransport properties, were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. The different magnetoresistive behaviors observed in the two samples coincide with the formation of different amounts of striped areas intergrown in the samples. The striped areas are comprised of a disordered and cation deficient phase, SrFe1-x-yMox-zO3-δ. The sample magnetization and magnetoresistance values decrease significantly with an increased presence of the striped phase. The striped phase was promoted by typical reducing formation conditions for Sr2FeMoO6 in Ar-1% H2 gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ELECTRIC resistance
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15244229; Liao, X. Z. 1 Sharma, A. 2 Wei, M. 2 MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. 2 Branford, W. 3 Cohen, L. F. 3 Bugoslavsky, Y. 3 Zhu, Y. T. 1 Peterson, D. E. 1 Jiang, Y. B. 4 Xu, H. F. 4; Affiliation:  1: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  2: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom  3: Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom  4: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7747; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC resistance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Black and White Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1812585
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ardavan, A.
AU  - Hayes, W.
AU  - Singleton, J.
AU  - Ardavan, H.
AU  - Fopma, J.
AU  - Halliday, D.
T1  - Corrected Article: Experimental observation of nonspherically-decaying radiation from a rotating superluminal source [J. Appl. Phys. 96, 4614 (2004)].
JO  - Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - Journal of Applied Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 96
IS  - 12
M3  - Article
SP  - 7760
EP  - 7777
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00218979
AB  - We describe the experimental implementation of a superluminal (i.e., faster than light in vacuo) polarization current distribution that both oscillates and undergoes centripetal acceleration. Theoretical treatments predict that the radiation emitted by each volume element of the superluminally moving distribution pattern will comprise a erenkov-like envelope with two sheets that meet along a cusp. Correspondingly, the emission from the experimental machine is found to be tightly beamed in both the azimuthal and polar directions. The beaming is frequency independent and has a sharply defined and unchanging geometry determined only by the speed and path of the moving distribution pattern, i.e., by the parameters governing the structure of the erenkov-like envelopes. In addition, over a restricted range of angles, we detect the presence of cusps in the emitted radiation. These, which are due to the focusing of wave fronts on a propagating space curve, result in the reception, during a short time period, of radiation emitted over a considerably longer period of (retarded) source time. The intensity of the radiation at these angles was observed to decline more slowly with increasing distance from the source than would the emission from a conventional antenna. The angular distribution of the emitted radiation and the properties associated with the cusps are in good quantitative agreement with theoretical models of superluminal sources once the effect of reflections from the earths surface are taken into account. In particular, the prediction that the beaming and the slow decay should extend into the far zone has been tested to several hundred Fresnel distances (Rayleigh ranges). The excellent agreement between the theoretical calculations and the data suggests that the apparatus achieves precise and reproducible control of the polarization current and that similar machines could be of general interest for studying and utilizing the novel effects associated with superluminal electrodynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Applied Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - OPTICAL polarization
KW  - OPTICS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
KW  - SURFACES (Physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15244224; Ardavan, A. 1 Hayes, W. 1 Singleton, J. 2 Ardavan, H. 3 Fopma, J. 4 Halliday, D. 4; Affiliation:  1: Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, The Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, TA-35, MS-E536, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545  3: Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom  4: Central Electronics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Laboratory, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p7760; Subject Term: OPTICAL polarization; Subject Term: OPTICS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: ANGULAR correlations (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Subject Term: SURFACES (Physics); Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 9 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1833393
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xiu-Feng Wan
AU  - VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.
AU  - McCue, Lee Ann
AU  - Stanek, Dawn
AU  - Connelly, Heather
AU  - Hauser, Loren J.
AU  - Liyou Wu
AU  - Xueduan Liu
AU  - Tingfen Yan
AU  - Leaphart, Adam
AU  - Hettich, Robert L.
AU  - Jizhong Zhou
AU  - Thompson, Dorothea K.
T1  - Transcriptomic and Proteomic Characterization of the Fur Modulon in the Metal-Reducing Bacterium Shewanella oneidensis.
JO  - Journal of Bacteriology
JF  - Journal of Bacteriology
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 186
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 8385
EP  - 8400
SN  - 00219193
AB  - The availability of the complete genome sequence for Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 has permitted a comprehensive characterization of the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) modulon in this dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium. We have employed targeted gene mutagenesis, DNA microarrays, proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and computational motif discovery tools to define the S. oneidensis Fur regulon. Using this integrated approach, we identified nine probable operons (containing 24 genes) and 15 individual open reading frames (ORFs), either with unknown functions or encoding products annotated as transport or binding proteins, that are predicted to be direct targets of Fur-mediated repression. This study suggested, for the first time, possible roles for four operons and eight ORFs with unknown functions in iron metabolism or iron transport-related functions. Proteomic analysis clearly identified a number of transporters, binding proteins, and receptors related to iron uptake that were up-regulated in response to a fur deletion and verified the expression of nine genes originally annotated as pseudogenes. Comparison of the transcriptome and proteome data revealed strong correlation for genes shown to be undergoing large changes at the transcript level. A number of genes encoding components of the electron transport system were also differentially expressed in a fur deletion mutant. The gene omcA (SO1779), which encodes a decaheme cytochrome c, exhibited significant decreases in both mRNA and protein abundance in the fur mutant and possessed a strong candidate Fur-binding site in its upstream region, thus suggesting that omcA may be a direct target of Fur activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Bacteriology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SHEWANELLA
KW  - GENOMES
KW  - GENETIC transcription
KW  - PROTEOMICS
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - DNA microarrays
N1  - Accession Number: 15513258; Xiu-Feng Wan 1,2 VerBerkmoes, Nathan C. 3,4 McCue, Lee Ann 5 Stanek, Dawn 1 Connelly, Heather 3,4 Hauser, Loren J. 4,6 Liyou Wu 1 Xueduan Liu 1 Tingfen Yan 1 Leaphart, Adam 1 Hettich, Robert L. 3 Jizhong Zhou 1 Thompson, Dorothea K. 1; Email Address: thompsondk@ornl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  2: Department of Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211  3: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  4: Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  5: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York  6: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 186 Issue 24, p8385; Subject Term: SHEWANELLA; Subject Term: GENOMES; Subject Term: GENETIC transcription; Subject Term: PROTEOMICS; Subject Term: BACTERIA; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; Subject Term: DNA microarrays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 16p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1128/JB.186.24.8385-8400.2004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AU  - Harrison, Robert J.
AU  - Fann, George I.
AU  - Yanai, Takeshi
AU  - Gan, Zhengting
AU  - Beylkin, Gregory
T1  - Multiresolution quantum chemistry: Basic theory and initial applications.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 23
M3  - Abstract
SP  - 11587
EP  - 11598
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - We describe a multiresolution solver for the all-electron local density approximation Kohn-Sham equations for general polyatomic molecules. The resulting solutions are obtained to a user-specified precision and the computational cost of applying all operators scales linearly with the number of parameters. The construction and use of separated forms for operators (here, the Green’s functions for the Poisson and bound-state Helmholtz equations) enable practical computation in three and higher dimensions. Initial applications include the alkali-earth atoms down to strontium and the water and benzene molecules. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
KW  - THEORY
KW  - APPROXIMATION theory
KW  - POLYATOMIC molecules
KW  - HELMHOLTZ equation
KW  - FUNCTIONS (Mathematics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15225984; Harrison, Robert J. 1 Fann, George I. 1 Yanai, Takeshi 1 Gan, Zhengting 1 Beylkin, Gregory 2; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  2: Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0526; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 23, p11587; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Subject Term: THEORY; Subject Term: APPROXIMATION theory; Subject Term: POLYATOMIC molecules; Subject Term: HELMHOLTZ equation; Subject Term: FUNCTIONS (Mathematics); Number of Pages: 12p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Abstract
L3  - 10.1063/1.1791051
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - de Lange, Marc J. L.
AU  - Stolte, Steven
AU  - Taatjes, Craig A.
AU  - Kłos, Jacek
AU  - Groenenboom, Gerrit C.
AU  - van der Avoird, Ad
T1  - Steric asymmetry and lambda-doublet propensities in state-to-state rotationally inelastic scattering of NO(2Π1/2) with He.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 11691
EP  - 11701
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - Relative integrated cross sections are measured for rotationally inelastic scattering of NO(2Π1/2), hexapole selected in the upper Λ-doublet level of the ground rotational state (j=0.5), in collisions with He at a nominal energy of 514 cm-1. Application of a static electric field E in the scattering region, directed parallel or antiparallel to the relative velocity vector v, allows the state-selected NO molecule to be oriented with either the N end or the O end towards the incoming He atom. Laser-induced fluorescence detection of the final state of the NO molecule is used to determine the experimental steric asymmetry, SA≡(σv↑↓E-σv↑↑E)/(σv↑↓E+σv↑↑E), which is equal to within a factor of (-1) to the molecular steric effect, Si→f≡(σHe→NO-σHe→ON)/(σHe→NO+σHe→ON). The dependence of the integral inelastic cross section on the incoming Λ-doublet component is also observed as a function of the final rotational (j′), spin-orbit (Ω′), and Λ-doublet (ε′) state. The measured steric asymmetries are significantly larger than previously observed for NO-Ar scattering, supporting earlier proposals that the repulsive part of the interaction potential is responsible for the steric asymmetry. In contrast to the case of scattering with Ar, the steric asymmetry of NO-He collisions is not very sensitive to the value of Ω′. However, the Λ-doublet propensities are very different for [Ω=0.5(F1)→Ω′=1.5(F2)] and [Ω=0.5(F1)→Ω′=0.5(F1)] transitions. Spin-orbit manifold conserving collisions exhibit a propensity for parity conservation at low Δj, but spin-orbit manifold changing collisions do not show this propensity. In conjunction with the experiments, state-to-state cross sections for scattering of oriented NO(2Π) molecules with He atoms are predicted from close-coupling calculations on restricted coupled-cluster methods including single, double, and noniterated triple excitations [J. Klos, G. Chalasinski, M. T. Berry, R. Bukowski, and S. M. Cybulski, J. Chem. Phys. 112, 2195 (2000)] and correlated electron-pair approximation [M. Yang and M. H. Alexander, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 6973 (1995)] potential energy surfaces. The calculated steric asymmetry Si→f of the inelastic cross sections at Etr=514 cm-1 is in reasonable agreement with that derived from the present experimental measurements for both spin-manifold conserving (F1→F1) and spin-manifold changing (F1→F2) collisions, except that the overall sign of the effect is opposite. Additionally, calculated field-free integral cross sections for collisions at Etr=508 cm-1 are compared to the experimental data of Joswig et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 85, 1904 (1986)]. Finally, the calculated differential cross section for collision energy Etr=491 cm-1 is compared to experimental data of Westley et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 114, 2669 (2001)] for the spin-orbit conserving transition F1 (j=0.5)→F1f (j′=3.5). © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HELIUM
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - LASERS
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - LUMINESCENCE
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 15225973; de Lange, Marc J. L. 1 Stolte, Steven 1 Taatjes, Craig A. 2 Kłos, Jacek 3 Groenenboom, Gerrit C. 3 van der Avoird, Ad 3; Affiliation:  1: Laser Centre and Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands  2: Combustion Research Facility, Mail Stop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551  3: Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, NSRIM, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6526 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 23, p11691; Subject Term: HELIUM; Subject Term: FLUORESCENCE; Subject Term: LASERS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: LUMINESCENCE; Subject Term: ATOMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1818123
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevens, Mark J.
T1  - Coarse-grained simulations of lipid bilayers.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 121
IS  - 23
M3  - Article
SP  - 11942
EP  - 11948
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - A minimal model of lipid molecules consisting of bead-spring representation is developed. The basic interactions are hydrophobic and polar interactions. Essential physical features of lipid bilayers are maintained using this model, and relatively long times can be simulated in comparison to atomistic models. Self-assembly from a random starting configuration to a bilayer can readily be followed using molecular dynamics simulations. The diffusion of lipid molecules well beyond their nearest neighbors is attained. As a basis for description of the model, the area per lipid, the bending modulus, and the area compressibility as a function of temperature and tail length are calculated. A liquid to gel transition is observed and quantitatively characterized. Both saturated and unsaturated lipids are treated. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BILAYER lipid membranes
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - BIOLOGICAL models
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - MOLECULAR shapes
N1  - Accession Number: 15225952; Stevens, Mark J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1411, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1411; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 23, p11942; Subject Term: BILAYER lipid membranes; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: BIOLOGICAL models; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: MOLECULAR shapes; Number of Pages: 7p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1814058
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sengupta, Manajit
AU  - Clothiaux, Eugene E.
AU  - Ackerman, Thomas P.
T1  - Climatology of Warm Boundary Layer Clouds at the ARM SGP Site and Their Comparison to Models.
JO  - Journal of Climate
JF  - Journal of Climate
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 17
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 4760
EP  - 4782
PB  - American Meteorological Society
SN  - 08948755
AB  - A 4-yr climatology (1997–2000) of warm boundary layer cloud properties is developed for the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Southern Great Plains (SGP) site. Parameters in the climatology include cloud liquid water path, cloud-base height, and surface solar flux. These parameters are retrieved from measurements produced by a dual-channel microwave radiometer, a millimeter-wave cloud radar, a micropulse lidar, a Belfort ceilometer, shortwave radiometers, and atmospheric temperature profiles amalgamated from multiple sources, including radiosondes. While no significant interannual differences are observed in the datasets, there are diurnal variations with nighttime liquid water paths consistently higher than daytime values. The summer months of June, July, and August have the lowest liquid water paths and the highest cloud-base heights. Model outputs of cloud liquid water paths from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model and the Eta Model for 104 model output location time series (MOLTS) stations in the environs of the SGP central facility are compared to observations. The ECMWF and MOLTS median liquid water paths are greater than 3 times the observed values. The MOLTS data show lower liquid water paths in summer, which is consistent with observations, while the ECMWF data exhibit the opposite tendency. A parameterization of normalized cloud forcing that requires only cloud liquid water path and solar zenith angle is developed from the observations. The parameterization, which has a correlation coefficient of 0.81 with the observations, provides estimates of surface solar flux that are comparable to values obtained from explicit radiative transfer calculations based on plane-parallel theory. This parameterization is used to estimate the impact on the surface solar flux of differences in the liquid water paths between models and observations. Overall, there is a low bias of 50% in modeled normalized cloud forcing resulting from the excess liquid water paths in the two models. Splitting the liquid water path into two components, cloud thickness and liquid water content, shows that the higher liquid water paths in the model outputs are primarily a result of higher liquid water contents, although cloud thickness may a play a role, especially for the ECMWF model results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - CEILOMETER
KW  - RADIOSONDES
KW  - METEOROLOGICAL instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 15523799; Sengupta, Manajit 1; Email Address: sengupta@cira.colostate.edu Clothiaux, Eugene E. 2 Ackerman, Thomas P. 1; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington  2: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 17 Issue 24, p4760; Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: CEILOMETER; Subject Term: RADIOSONDES; Subject Term: METEOROLOGICAL instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; Number of Pages: 23p; Illustrations: 8 Charts, 14 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christensen, Richard M.
AU  - DeTeresa, Steven J.
T1  - Delamination Failure Investigation for Out-of-plane Loading in Laminates.
JO  - Journal of Composite Materials
JF  - Journal of Composite Materials
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 38
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 2231
EP  - 2238
SN  - 00219983
AB  - In contrast to failure approaches at the lamina level or the micromechanics level, the present work concerns failure characterization at the laminate level. Specifically, attention is given to the ultimate failure characterization for quasi-isotropic laminates. This is in further contrast to the commonly used approaches for initial damage or progressive damage. It is shown that the analytical failure forms decompose into two modes, one for out-of-plane, delamination-type failure and one for in-plane, fiber-controlled-type failure. The work here is mainly given over to the delamination mode of failure. Experimental results are presented for laminates in this mode of failure. These results are then integrated with the analytical forms to give a simple criterion for delamination failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COMPOSITE materials -- Delamination
KW  - MICROMECHANICS
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - delamination failure
KW  - failure criterion
KW  - quasi-isotropic laminates
N1  - Accession Number: 15690417; Christensen, Richard M. 1,2 DeTeresa, Steven J. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94550, USA  2: Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 38 Issue 24, p2231; Subject Term: COMPOSITE materials -- Delamination; Subject Term: MICROMECHANICS; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: delamination failure; Author-Supplied Keyword: failure criterion; Author-Supplied Keyword: quasi-isotropic laminates; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1177/0021998304046431
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Koleske, D.D.
AU  - Coltrin, M.E.
AU  - Cross, K.C.
AU  - Mitchell, C.C.
AU  - Allerman, A.A.
T1  - Understanding GaN nucleation layer evolution on sapphire
JO  - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF  - Journal of Crystal Growth
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 273
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 86
EP  - 99
SN  - 00220248
AB  - Abstract: Optical reflectance and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are used to develop a detailed description of GaN nucleation layer (NL) evolution upon annealing in ammonia and hydrogen to 1050°C. For the experiments, the GaN NLs were grown to a thickness of 30nm at 540°C, and then heated to 1050°C, following by holding at 1050°C for additional time. As the temperature, T, is increased, the NL decomposes uniformly beginning at 850°C up to 980°C as observed by the decrease in the optical reflectance signal and the absence of change in the NL AFM images. Decomposition of the original NL material drives the formation of GaN nuclei on top of the NL, which begin to appear on the NL near 1000°C, increasing the NL roughness. The GaN nuclei are formed by gas-phase transport of Ga atoms generated during the NL decomposition that recombine with ambient NH3. The gas-phase mechanism responsible for forming the GaN nuclei is demonstrated in two ways. First, the NL decomposition kinetics has an activation energy, EA, of 2.7eV and this EA is observed in the NL roughening as the GaN nuclei increase in size. Second, the power spectral density functions measured with atomic force microscopy reveal that the GaN nuclei grow via an evaporation and recondensation mechanism. Once the original NL material is fully decomposed, the GaN nuclei stop growing in size and begin to decompose. For 30nm thick NLs used in this study, approximately of the NL Ga atoms are reincorporated into GaN nuclei. A detailed description of the NL evolution as it is heated to high temperature is presented, along with recommendations on how to enhance or reduce the NL decomposition and nuclei formation before high T GaN growth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Crystal Growth is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SAPPHIRES
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - VAPOR-plating
KW  - HEAT resistant alloys
KW  - A1. Crystal morphology
KW  - A1. Desorption
KW  - A1. Nucleation
KW  - A1. Recrystallization
KW  - A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
KW  - B1. Nitrides
N1  - Accession Number: 19278719; Koleske, D.D.; Email Address: ddkoles@sandia.gov Coltrin, M.E. 1 Cross, K.C. 1 Mitchell, C.C. 1 Allerman, A.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0601, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0601, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 273 Issue 1/2, p86; Subject Term: SAPPHIRES; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: VAPOR-plating; Subject Term: HEAT resistant alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Crystal morphology; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Desorption; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: A1. Recrystallization; Author-Supplied Keyword: A3. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: B1. Nitrides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.08.126
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, R.L.
AU  - Zhao, Z.J.
AU  - Liu, L.P.
AU  - Yuan, W.Z.
AU  - Yang, X.L.
T1  - Giant magneto-impedance effect on nanocrystalline microwires with conductive layer deposit
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 285
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 55
EP  - 59
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Abstract: In this study, the giant magneto-impedance effect on Fe-based glass-coated nanocrystalline microwires with and without an additional outer copper layer was investigated. Experiment results showed that the magneto-impedance ratio of the wires with a layer of deposited copper is higher at low frequencies and lower at high frequencies (above 50MHz), as compared to that of the microwires without an outer copper layer. The peak MI magnetic field, corresponding to the maximum of the magneto-impedance ratio shifts towards higher field values with increasing coating thickness of copper layer. The results are explained in terms of electro-magnetic interactions between the conductive layer and the ferromagnetic core. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC impedance
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - COPPER
KW  - MAGNETICS
KW  - 75.47.-m
KW  - Eddy current
KW  - Giant magneto-impedance
KW  - Glass-coated
KW  - Nanocrystalline
N1  - Accession Number: 19278756; Wang, R.L. 1 Zhao, Z.J.; Email Address: zjzhao@phy.ecnu.edu.cn Liu, L.P. 1 Yuan, W.Z. 1 Yang, X.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Center of Functional Nanomaterials and Devices, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan North Rd., Shanghai 200062, PR China; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 285 Issue 1/2, p55; Subject Term: ELECTRIC impedance; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: COPPER; Subject Term: MAGNETICS; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.47.-m; Author-Supplied Keyword: Eddy current; Author-Supplied Keyword: Giant magneto-impedance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Glass-coated; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanocrystalline; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.07.014
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beleggia, M.
AU  - De Graef, M.
T1  - General magnetostatic shape–shape interactions
JO  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
JF  - Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 285
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - L1
EP  - L10
SN  - 03048853
AB  - Abstract: The magnetostatic interaction energy between two magnetic elements of arbitrary shape is presented as a convolution between the cross-correlation of the particle shapes and the dipolar tensor field. A generalized dipole–dipole interaction is derived, where the magnetic moments associated with the two particles interact through a magnetometric tensor field, carrying all the shape information. Example computations are given in order to verify the correctness of the formalism. The well-known result of the interaction between prisms, employed in most micromagnetic simulations, is correctly retrieved. The numerical accuracy of the method is also compared to a simple analytical result. Finally, one additional example computation, two interlaced interacting rings, is presented to show the generality of the formalism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - MAGNETOSTATICS
KW  - ELECTRIC charge & distribution
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETISM
KW  - Magnetic nanoparticles
KW  - Magnetostatic energy
KW  - Shape amplitude
N1  - Accession Number: 19278751; Beleggia, M. 1 De Graef, M. 2; Email Address: degraef@cmu.edu; Affiliation:  1: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 285 Issue 1/2, pL1; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: MAGNETOSTATICS; Subject Term: ELECTRIC charge & distribution; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetic nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: Magnetostatic energy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shape amplitude; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.09.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beaman, J.J.
AU  - Williamson, R. L.
AU  - Melgaard, D. K.
AU  - Shelmidine, G. J.
AU  - Hamel, J. C.
T1  - Model based gap and melt rate control for VAR of Ti-6Al-4V.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7153
EP  - 7159
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - A new controller has been designed for vacuum arc remelting titanium alloys based on an accurate, low order, nonlinear, melting model. The controller adjusts melting current and electrode drive speed to match estimated gap and melt rate with operator supplied reference values. Estimates of gap and melt rate are obtained by optimally combining predictions from the model with measurements of voltage, current, and electrode position. Controller tests were carried out at Timet Corporation's Henderson Technical Laboratory in Henderson, Nevada. Previous test results were used to correlate measured gap to voltage and current. A controller test melt was performed wherein a 0.279 m diameter Ti-6Al-4V electrode was melted into 0.356 m diameter ingot. Commanded melt rate was varied from 20 to 90 g/s and commanded gap was held at 1.5 cm. Because no measure of electrode weight was available on the test furnace, electrode position data were analyzed and the results used to determine the actual melt rate. A gap-voltage-current factor space model was used to check estimated gap. The controller performed well, and both melt rate and electrode gap control were successfully demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM arcs
KW  - TITANIUM group
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - MICROALLOYING
KW  - METALLIC composites
KW  - TITANIUM Metals Corp.
N1  - Accession Number: 16782459; Beaman, J.J. 1 Williamson, R. L. 2; Email Address: rodwill@sandia.gov Melgaard, D. K. 3 Shelmidine, G. J. 3 Hamel, J. C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA  2: Liquid Metals Processing Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1134, USA.  3: Timet Corporation, Henderson, Nevada 89009, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 39 Issue 24, p7153; Subject Term: VACUUM arcs; Subject Term: TITANIUM group; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: MICROALLOYING; Subject Term: METALLIC composites; Company/Entity: TITANIUM Metals Corp. DUNS Number: 041829318 Ticker: TIE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williamson, R. L.
AU  - Beaman, J. J.
AU  - Melgaard, D. K.
AU  - Shelmidine, G. J.
AU  - Patel, A. D.
AU  - Adasczik, C. B.
T1  - A demonstration of melt rate control during VAR of “Cracked” electrodes.
JO  - Journal of Materials Science
JF  - Journal of Materials Science
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 39
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 7161
EP  - 7168
PB  - Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
SN  - 00222461
AB  - A particularly challenging problem associated with vacuum arc remelting occurs when trying to maintain accurate control of electrode melt rate as the melt zone passes through a transverse crack in the electrode. As the melt zone approaches the crack, poor heat conduction across the crack drives the local temperature in the electrode tip above its steady-state value, causing the controller to cut back on melting current in response to an increase in melting efficiency. The difficulty arises when the melt zone passes through the crack and encounters the relatively cold metal on the other side, giving rise to an abrupt drop in melt rate. This extremely dynamic melting situation is very difficult to handle using standard load-cell based melt rate control, resulting in large melt rate excursions. We have designed and tested a new generation melt rate controller that is capable of controlling melt rate through crack events. The controller is designed around an accurate dynamic melting model that uses four process variables: electrode tip thermal boundary layer, electrode gap, electrode mass and melting efficiency. Tests, jointly sponsored by the Specialty Metals Processing Consortium and Sandia National Laboratories, were performed at Carpenter Technology Corporation wherein two 0.43 m diameter Pyromet® 718 electrodes were melted into 0.51 m diameter ingots. Each electrode was cut approximately halfway through its diameter with an abrasive saw to simulate an electrode crack. Relatively accurate melt rate control through the cuts was demonstrated despite the observation of severe arc disturbances and loss of electrode gap control. Subsequent to remelting, one ingot was sectioned in the “as cast” condition, whereas the other was forged to 0.20 m diameter billet. Macrostructural characterization showed solidification white spots in regions affected by the cut in the electrode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Materials Science is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - VACUUM arcs
KW  - BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics)
KW  - JOINT ventures
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - SANDIA National Laboratories
KW  - CARPENTER Technology Corp.
N1  - Accession Number: 16782458; Williamson, R. L. 1; Email Address: rodwill@sandia.gov Beaman, J. J. 2 Melgaard, D. K. 3 Shelmidine, G. J. 3 Patel, A. D. 3 Adasczik, C. B. 3; Affiliation:  1: Liquid Metals Processing Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1134, USA.  2: Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA  3: Carpenter Technology Corporation, Reading, PA 19601, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 39 Issue 24, p7161; Subject Term: VACUUM arcs; Subject Term: BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics); Subject Term: JOINT ventures; Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Company/Entity: SANDIA National Laboratories Ticker:  Company/Entity: CARPENTER Technology Corp. Ticker: CRS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baumann, Theodore F.
AU  - Satcher, Joe H.
T1  - Template-directed synthesis of periodic macroporous organic and carbon aerogels
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 350
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 120
EP  - 125
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: We describe a general procedure for the synthesis of ordered macroporous resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) and carbon aerogels (CA) in which colloidal crystals of polystyrene (PS) spheres were used as templates. With this approach, ordered arrays of PS spheres are infused with a resorcinol–formaldehyde sol–gel solution. Following gelation of the sol, the RF/PS composite was washed with toluene to remove the template. Periodic macroporous RF aerogels were obtained after supercritical drying with liquid carbon dioxide. These materials can then be carbonized under a nitrogen atmosphere to afford the corresponding macroporous CAs. Scanning electron microscopic examination shows that both the organic and carbon materials consist of many hexagonally ordered domains of spherical cavities with different crystal orientations, reflecting the symmetry of the original PS template. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RESORCINOL
KW  - PHENOLS
KW  - POLYSTYRENE
KW  - STYRENE
KW  - P300
N1  - Accession Number: 17125242; Baumann, Theodore F.; Email Address: baumann2@llnl.gov Satcher, Joe H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Material Science Directorate, P.O. Box 808, L-092, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 350 Issue 1-3, p120; Subject Term: RESORCINOL; Subject Term: PHENOLS; Subject Term: POLYSTYRENE; Subject Term: STYRENE; Author-Supplied Keyword: P300; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 324110 Petroleum Refineries; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.05.018
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gash, Alexander E.
AU  - Satcher, Joe H.
AU  - Simpson, Randall L.
T1  - Monolithic nickel(II)-based aerogels using an organic epoxide: the importance of the counterion
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 350
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 145
EP  - 151
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: The synthesis and characterization of nickel(II)-based aerogel materials prepared using the epoxide addition method is described. The addition of the organic epoxide propylene oxide to an ethanolic solution of NiCl2 ·6H2O resulted in the formation of an opaque light green monolithic gel and subsequent drying with supercritical CO2 gave a monolithic aerogel material of the same color. This material has been characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis. The results indicate that the nickel(II)-based aerogel has very low bulk density (98kgm−3 (∼98% porous)), high surface area (413m2 g−1), and has a particulate-type aerogel microstructure made up of very fine spherical particles with an open porous network. By comparison, a precipitate of Ni3(NO3)2(OH)4 is obtained when the same preparation is attempted with the common Ni(NO 3)2 ·6H2O salt as the precursor. The implications of the difference of reactivity of the two different precursors are discussed in the context of the mechanism of gel formation via the epoxide addition method. The synthesis of nickel(II)-based aerogel, using the epoxide addition method, is especially unique in our experience. It is our first example of the successful preparation of a metal-oxide-based aerogel using a divalent metal ion and may have implications for the application of this method to the preparation of aerogels or nanoparticles of other divalent metal oxides. To our knowledge this is the first report of a monolithic pure nickel(II)-based aerogel materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - ETHERS
N1  - Accession Number: 17125246; Gash, Alexander E.; Email Address: gash2@llnl.gov Satcher, Joe H. 1 Simpson, Randall L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate and Energetic Materials Center, P.O. Box 808, L-092, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 350 Issue 1-3, p145; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Subject Term: ETHERS; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.06.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clapsaddle, Brady J.
AU  - Sprehn, David W.
AU  - Gash, Alexander E.
AU  - Satcher Jr., Joe H.
AU  - Simpson, Randall L.
T1  - A versatile sol–gel synthesis route to metal–silicon mixed oxide nanocomposites that contain metal oxides as the major phase
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 350
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 173
EP  - 181
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: The general synthesis of metal–silicon mixed-oxide nanocomposite materials, including a variety of both main group and transition metals, in which the metal oxide is the major component is described. In a typical synthesis, the metal-oxide precursor, MCl x  · yH2O(x =2–6, y =0–7), was mixed with the silica precursor, tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), in ethanol and gelled using an organic epoxide. The successful preparation of homogeneous, monolithic materials depended on the oxidation state of the metal as well as the epoxide chosen for gelation. The composition of the resulting materials was varied from M/Si=1–5 (mol/mol) by adjusting the amount of TMOS added to the initial metal-oxide precursor solution. Supercritical processing of the gels in CO2 resulted in monolithic, porous aerogel nanocomposite materials with surface areas ranging from 100–800m2 g−1. The bulk materials are composed of metal oxide/silica particles that vary in size from 5–20nm depending on the epoxide used for gelation. Metal oxide and silica dispersion throughout the bulk material is extremely uniform on the nanoscale. The versatility and control of the synthesis method will be discussed as well as the properties of the resulting metal–silicon mixed oxide nanocomposite materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EPOXY compounds
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - EPOXY resins
KW  - ETHERS
N1  - Accession Number: 17125249; Clapsaddle, Brady J.; Email Address: clapsaddle1@llnl.gov Sprehn, David W. 1 Gash, Alexander E. 1 Satcher Jr., Joe H. 1 Simpson, Randall L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate and Energetic Materials Center, P.O. Box 808, L-092, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 350 Issue 1-3, p173; Subject Term: EPOXY compounds; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: EPOXY resins; Subject Term: ETHERS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325210 Resin and synthetic rubber manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.06.025
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tillotson, Thomas M.
AU  - Foster, Kenneth G.
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
T1  - Fluorine-induced hydrophobicity in silica aerogels
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 350
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 202
EP  - 208
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: The use of the R-substituted organosiloxanes in hydrolysis-condensation reactions with tetraalkoxysilanes is a flexible way to incorporate functional groups into silica gels and aerogels. When R=CH2CH2CF3, chemically and physically stable gels and aerogels that are hydrophobic can be readily made. These types of aerogels have been shown to be adsorbents for organics compounds from aqueous phase. In order to understand the role of the fluorinated group in making these materials hydrophobic, various formulations of CF3CH2CH2-modified aerogels have been synthesized and characterized. These materials were formed by the reaction of CF3CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3 and Si(OCH3)4 in CH3OH with NH4OH as the catalyst followed by supercritical drying in CO2. A 0.7 mole ratio of the reactants CF3CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3/Si(OCH3)4 is necessary to make hydrophobic aerogels that meet the 2.5% water adsorption limit. Lower reactant mole ratios yield materials that adsorb more water, reaching a saturation value in roughly 1 month, where the amount adsorbed is inversely proportional to the amount of CF3CH2CH2 group incorporated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - SILICA
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 17125254; Tillotson, Thomas M. 1 Foster, Kenneth G. 1 Reynolds, John G.; Email Address: reynolds3@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-178, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 350 Issue 1-3, p202; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: SILICA; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212322 Industrial Sand Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212323 Sand and gravel mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.233
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tillotson, Thomas M.
AU  - Foster, Kenneth G.
AU  - Reynolds, John G.
T1  - Structure and characterization of aerogel materials and oxidation products from the reaction of (CH3O)4Si and RSi(OCH3)3
JO  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
JF  - Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 350
IS  - 1-3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 215
SN  - 00223093
AB  - Abstract: Reactions of (CH3O)4Si and RSi(OCH3)3 (R=CH3, C2H5, C3H7, C4H9, C16H33) at a mole ratio of 1 to 1 were performed in methanol using base catalysis. Subsequent supercritical drying produced materials that have a wide range of surface areas and porosities. Spectroscopic characterization, revealed normal Si–O substitution as well as incorporation of the carbon chain into the Si framework. Heating of the stable forms of the materials in air at different temperatures yielded, depending upon oxidation conditions, several materials with much higher surface areas, typical of aerogels. Pore-size distribution measurements revealed mesopore features that differed from the non-oxidized materials for some R groups. Spectroscopic characterization revealed the disappearance of the R–Si substitution for all R groups and the appearance of an oxidized intermediate for R=C16H33. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AEROGELS
KW  - COLLOIDS
KW  - CERAMIC materials
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - P300
N1  - Accession Number: 17125255; Tillotson, Thomas M. 1 Foster, Kenneth G. 1 Reynolds, John G.; Email Address: reynolds3@llnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, L-178, Livermore, CA 94551, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 350 Issue 1-3, p209; Subject Term: AEROGELS; Subject Term: COLLOIDS; Subject Term: CERAMIC materials; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Author-Supplied Keyword: P300; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.234
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwartzberg
AU  - A. M.
AU  - Grant
AU  - C. D.
AU  - Wolcott
AU  - A.
AU  - Talley
AU  - C. E.
AU  - Huser
AU  - T. R.
AU  - Bogomolni
AU  - R.
AU  - Zhang
AU  - J. Z.
T1  - Unique Gold Nanoparticle Aggregates as a Highly Active Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrate.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 19191
EP  - 19197
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A unique gold nanoparticle aggregate (GNA) system has been shown to be an excellent substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. Rhodamine 6G (R6G), a common molecule used for testing SERS activity on silver, but generally difficult to detect on gold substrates, has been found to readily bind to the GNA and exhibit strong SERS activity due to the unique surface chemistry afforded by sulfur species on the surface. This GNA system has yielded a large SERS enhancement of 107-109 in bulk solution for R6G, on par with or greater than any previously reported gold SERS substrate. SERS activity has also been successfully demonstrated for several biological molecules including adenine, l-cysteine, l-lysine, and l-histidine for the first time on a gold SERS substrate, showing the potential of this GNA as a convenient and powerful SERS substrate for biomolecular detection. In addition, the SERS spectrum of R6G on single aggregates has been measured. We have shown that the special surface properties of the GNA, in conjunction with strong near-IR absorption, make it useful for SERS analysis of a wide variety of molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - RAMAN effect
KW  - LIGHT -- Scattering
KW  - SURFACE energy
KW  - PARTICLES
N1  - Accession Number: 16442784; Schwartzberg A. M. 1 Grant C. D. 1 Wolcott A. 1 Talley C. E. 1 Huser T. R. 1 Bogomolni R. 1 Zhang J. Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, and Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 50, p19191; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: RAMAN effect; Subject Term: LIGHT -- Scattering; Subject Term: SURFACE energy; Subject Term: PARTICLES; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burnham
AU  - A. K.
AU  - Weese
AU  - R. K.
AU  - Weeks
AU  - B. L.
T1  - A Distributed Activation Energy Model of Thermodynamically Inhibited Nucleation and Growth Reactions and Its Application to the β-δ Phase Transition of HMX.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 108
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 19432
EP  - 19441
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Detailed and global models are presented for thermodynamically inhibited nucleation-growth reactions and applied to the β-δ phase transition of HMX (nitramine octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine). The detailed model contains separate kinetic parameters for the nucleation process, including an activation energy distribution resulting from a distribution of defect energies, and for movement of the resulting reaction interface within a single particle. A thermodynamic inhibition term is added to both processes so that the rates go to zero at the transition temperature. The global model adds the thermodynamic inhibition term to the extended Prout-Tompkins nucleation-growth formalism for single particles or powders. Model parameters are calibrated from differential scanning calorimetry data. The activation energy for nucleation (333 kJ/mol) is substantially higher than that for growth (29.3 kJ/mol). Use of a small activation energy distribution (~400 J/mol) for the defects improves the fit to a powered sample for both the early and late stages of the transition. The effective overall activation energy for the global model (208.8 kJ/mol) is between that of nucleation and growth. Comparison of the two models with experiment indicates the thermodynamic inhibition term is more important than the energy distribution feature for this transition. On the basis of the applicability of the Prout-Tompkins kinetics approach to a wide range of organic and inorganic materials, both models should have equally broad applicability for thermodynamically constrained reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEATION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - TEMPERATURE measurements
N1  - Accession Number: 16442822; Burnham A. K. 1 Weese R. K. 1 Weeks B. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 50, p19432; Subject Term: NUCLEATION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE measurements; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joshi, Neel S.
AU  - Whitaker, Leanna R.
AU  - Francis, Matthew B.
T1  - A Three-Component Mannich-Type Reaction for Selective Tyrosine Bioconjugation.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 126
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 15942
EP  - 15943
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article informs that the broad utility of biconjugates for the study of biological systems and the construction of new materials' creates an ever-increasing need for new protein modification reactions. As a result, many strategies have appeared that can modify native protein functional groups (most commonly lysine and cysteine side chains) in a chemoselective fashion. However, the high frequency of lysines on protein surfaces severely limits the site selectivity of reactions targeting this residue, typically leaving cysteine modification as the only effective way to functionalize specific locations. To complement this technique, the authors have focused on the development of new protein modification reactions that target aromatic amino acids, as these residues are displayed with intermediate frequency on protein surfaces and can be introduced genetically without changing the overall charge state or redox sensitivity.
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - LYSINE
KW  - ORGANIC acids
KW  - ACIDS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - OXIDATION-reduction reaction
N1  - Accession Number: 15633118; Joshi, Neel S. 1,2 Whitaker, Leanna R. 1,2 Francis, Matthew B. 1,2; Email Address: francis@cchem.berkeley.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460.  2: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 49, p15942; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: LYSINE; Subject Term: ORGANIC acids; Subject Term: ACIDS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: OXIDATION-reduction reaction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 418410 Chemical (except agricultural) and allied product merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhongchun Wang
AU  - Medforth, Craig J.
AU  - Shelnutt, John A.
T1  - Porphyrin Nanotubes by Ionic SeIf-Assembly.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 126
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 15954
EP  - 15955
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article informs that the functional self-assembled materials with well-defined shapes and dimensions are of great current interest, especially for applications in electronics, photonics, light-energy, conversation and catalysis. In biological system tetrapyroles such as porphyrins and chlorophyll are often self-organized into nanoscale superstructures that perform many of the essential energy- and electron-transfer functions. Transmission electron microscope images of the porphyrin nanotubes reveal that they are micrometers in length and have diameters in the range of 50-70 nm with approximately 20-nm thick walls.
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - ELECTRON microscopes
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopes
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PHOTONICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15633124; Zhongchun Wang 1,2 Medforth, Craig J. 1 Shelnutt, John A. 1,2,3; Email Address: jasheln@unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biomolecar Materials and Interfaces Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.  2: Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131.  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602.; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 49, p15954; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopes; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopes; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PHOTONICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Davydov, Roman
AU  - Chemerisov, Sergey
AU  - Werst, David E.
AU  - Rajh, Tijana
AU  - Matsui, Toshitaka
AU  - Ikeda-Saito, Masao
AU  - Hoffman, Brian M.
T1  - Proton Transfer at Helium Temperatures during Dioxygen Activation by Heme Monooxygenases.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 126
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 15960
EP  - 15961
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article informs that in the hydroxylation of substrate by heme monooxygenase such as cytochromes P450, heme oxygenase (HO), and nitric oxide synthase, the committed portion of the catalytic cycle involves the one-electron reduction of the enzyme's dioxygen-bound ferroheme, with the addition of two protons this leads to the hydroxylation of substrate. The two protons are delivered by an elaborate distal-pocket proton-delivery network connected by H-bonds to the oxy-ferroheme. The helium-temperature results show that HO has an active-site structure fully organized to support proton tunneling, with a relatively short proton-transfer distance and no need for dynamic modulation of the distance.
KW  - MONOOXYGENASES
KW  - HYDROXYLATION
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - HEMOGLOBIN
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - BUSINESS relocation
KW  - NITROGEN compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 15633127; Davydov, Roman 1 Chemerisov, Sergey 2 Werst, David E. 2 Rajh, Tijana 2 Matsui, Toshitaka 3 Ikeda-Saito, Masao 3 Hoffman, Brian M. 1; Email Address: bmh@northwestern.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208.  2: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  3: Institute for Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 49, p15960; Subject Term: MONOOXYGENASES; Subject Term: HYDROXYLATION; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: HEMOGLOBIN; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: BUSINESS relocation; Subject Term: NITROGEN compounds; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhai, Hua-jin
AU  - Kiran, Boggavarapu
AU  - Cui, Li-feng
AU  - Li,, Xi
AU  - Dixon, David A.
AU  - Wang, Lai-sheng
T1  - Electronic Structure and Chemical Bonding in MOn―and MOn Clusters (M = Mo, W; n = 3-5): A Photoelectron Spectroscopy and ab Initio Study.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 126
IS  - 49
M3  - Article
SP  - 16134
EP  - 16141
SN  - 00027863
AB  - Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and ab initio calculations are combined to investigate the electronic structure of MO-n clusters (M = W, Mo; n = 3-5). Similar PES spectra were observed between the W and Mo species. A large energy gap between the first and second PES bands was observed for MO-3 and correlated with a stable closed-shell MO3 neutral cluster. The electron binding energies of MO-4 increase significantly relative to those of MO-3, and there is also an abrupt spectral pattern change between MO-3 and MO-4. Both MO-4 and MO-5 give PES features with extremely high electron binding energies (>5.0 eV) due to oxygen-2p-based orbitals. The experimental results are compared with extensive density functional and ab initio [CCSD(T)] calculations, which were performed to elucidate the electronic and structural evolution for the tungsten oxide clusters. WO3 is found to be a closed-shell, nonplanar molecule with C3v symmetry. WO4 is shown to have a triplet ground state (³A2) with D2d symmetry, whereas WO5 is found to be an unusual charge-transfer complex, (O-2)WO+3 · WO4 and WO5 are shown to possess W--O˙ and O-˙2 radical characters, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - ELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - MOLECULAR spectroscopy
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SYMMETRY (Biology)
N1  - Accession Number: 15633157; Zhai, Hua-jin 1,2 Kiran, Boggavarapu 2 Cui, Li-feng 1,2 Li,, Xi 3 Dixon, David A. 1,2 Wang, Lai-sheng 1; Email Address: Is.wang@pnl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richiand, Washington 99352, W. R.  2: Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Rich/and, Washington 99352,  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 3548 7-0336; Source Info: 12/15/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 49, p16134; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: ELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: MOLECULAR spectroscopy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SYMMETRY (Biology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tanguy, D.
AU  - Mareschal, M.
AU  - Germann, T.C.
AU  - Holian, B.L.
AU  - Lomdahl, P.S.
AU  - Ravelo, R.
T1  - Plasticity induced by a shock wave: large scale molecular dynamics simulations
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 387-389
M3  - Article
SP  - 262
EP  - 265
SN  - 09215093
AB  - We present the results of large scale non equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of plasticity induced by a shock wave in a perfect fcc single crystal in the orientation [1 0 0]. Shockley loops are thermally nucleated behind the shock front. The algorithm used to identify and follow the time evolution of the dislocation loops is detailed. It enables the measure of the critical size that a slip fluctuation can reach before it shrinks back to a perfect configuration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - PLASTICITY
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTICITY
KW  - PLASTIC properties
KW  - Atomic scale simulation
KW  - Molecular dynamics
KW  - Nucleation
KW  - Shock wave
N1  - Accession Number: 15819292; Tanguy, D. 1,2; Email Address: tanguy@emse.fr Mareschal, M. 2 Germann, T.C. 3 Holian, B.L. 4 Lomdahl, P.S. 4 Ravelo, R. 3,5; Affiliation:  1: CNRS, UMR 5146, Ecole des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 158 cours Fauriel, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France  2: CECAM, ENS-Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69007 Lyon, France  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, NM 79968, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 387-389, p262; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: PLASTICITY; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTICITY; Subject Term: PLASTIC properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic scale simulation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Molecular dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nucleation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Shock wave; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.02.088
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cai, Wei
AU  - Bulatov, Vasily V.
T1  - Mobility laws in dislocation dynamics simulations
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 387-389
M3  - Article
SP  - 277
EP  - 281
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Prediction of the plastic deformation behavior of single crystals based on the collective dynamics of dislocations has been a challenge for computational materials science for a number of years. The difficulty lies in the inability of existing dislocation dynamics (DD) codes to handle a sufficiently large number of dislocation lines, to establish a statistically representative model of crystal plasticity. A new massively parallel DD code is developed that is capable of modeling million-dislocation systems by employing thousands of processors. We discuss an important ingredient of this code — the mobility laws dictating the behavior of individual dislocations. They are materials input for DD simulations and are constructed based on the understanding of dislocation motion at the atomistic level. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - DISLOCATIONS in crystals
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - MECHANICS (Physics)
KW  - PLASTIC properties
KW  - Crystal plasticity
KW  - Dislocation dynamics
KW  - Mobility
N1  - Accession Number: 15819295; Cai, Wei; Email Address: caiwei@llnl.gov Bulatov, Vasily V. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 387-389, p277; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: DISLOCATIONS in crystals; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: MECHANICS (Physics); Subject Term: PLASTIC properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Crystal plasticity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Dislocation dynamics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mobility; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2003.12.085
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kovarik, L.
AU  - Gouma, P.I.
AU  - Kisielowski, C.
AU  - Court, S.A.
AU  - Mills, M.J.
T1  - Decomposition of an Al–Mg–Cu alloy—a high resolution transmission electron microscopy investigation
JO  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
JF  - Materials Science & Engineering: A
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 387-389
M3  - Article
SP  - 326
EP  - 330
SN  - 09215093
AB  - Decomposition of the solid solution of an Al–3Mg–0.4Cu–0.12Si (wt.%) alloy has been studied by examining samples aged for periods of 1–16 h at a temperature of 180 °C. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was the primary method of investigation. Within the 4–16 h aging interval, nanometer scale, homogeneously dispersed, coherent, lath-like particles were detected in the matrix. The orientation of the lath particles in the matrix is such that the edges are aligned along the 〈1 0 0〉Al directions. From the Fourier transformation of the HRTEM images obtained on 〈1 0 0〉Al zones, it was possible to confirm that two variants give rise to diffraction spots that were previously associated with the presence of S″-phase in “Cu lean” Al–Mg–Cu alloys. Two other variants give rise to streaked diffraction spots positioned around the (1 1 0)Al. The detected particles are termed GPBII in this study, instead of previously suggested S″-phase notation. The findings of this study are also compared with those of the frequently studied “Cu rich” Al–Cu–Mg alloying system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Materials Science & Engineering: A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ALLOYS
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - Age hardening
KW  - Al–Mg–Cu alloys
KW  - GPB-II)
KW  - Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky zones (GPB
KW  - Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky zones (GPB, GPB-II)
KW  - HRTEM
N1  - Accession Number: 15819305; Kovarik, L. 1; Email Address: kovarik.8@osu.edu Gouma, P.I. 2 Kisielowski, C. 3 Court, S.A. 4 Mills, M.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 477 Watts Hall, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43201, USA  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA  3: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Center for Electron Microscopy, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  4: Alcan Technology and Management Ltd., CH-8212 Neuhausen, Switzerland; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 387-389, p326; Subject Term: ALLOYS; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Age hardening; Author-Supplied Keyword: Al–Mg–Cu alloys; Author-Supplied Keyword: GPB-II); Author-Supplied Keyword: Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky zones (GPB; Author-Supplied Keyword: Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky zones (GPB, GPB-II); Author-Supplied Keyword: HRTEM; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.msea.2004.03.087
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beruto, D.T.
AU  - Searcy, Alan W.
AU  - Kim, Mun Gyu
T1  - Microstructure, kinetic, structure, thermodynamic analysis for calcite decomposition: free-surface and powder bed experiments
JO  - Thermochimica Acta
JF  - Thermochimica Acta
Y1  - 2004/12/15/
VL  - 424
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 99
EP  - 109
SN  - 00406031
AB  - This paper describes studies of incongruent vaporization reactions that were carried out in Berkeley and Genoa from 1970 to about 1987, but that have not previously been described in terms of the overall research objectives and the extent to which those objectives were achieved. When the research was initiated, it was already known that for metals and some simple salts the rates of vaporization in vacuum are predictable as functions of temperature if the thermodynamic properties of the solid and vapors were known. That simple behavior was not shown by the few congruent decomposition reactions that had been quantitatively studied. Our review focuses on calcite decomposition because it illustrates the daunting array of variables—heat transfer, CO2 pressure, crystal structure and crystal orientation, particle size, particle shape, particle-pore distribution, surface energy of the CaO reaction product, and interface strain—all of which could influence the reaction kinetics. In the body of the paper we review the theoretical bases of our kinetic evaluations and experimental studies for single crystals and powder beds. As a major conclusion we identify an easily achievable range of experimental conditions within which investigators in different laboratories have obtained concordant measurements of calcite decomposition rates. This is an important result because a prominent international committee concluded a decade ago that goal had not yet been achieved.Another important conclusion is that the rate limiting step of calcite decomposition probably occurs in a CO2-depleted surface layer or layers of calcite. At high relative pressures of CO2 the process is kinetically reversible, but at low relative pressures, it is highly irreversible. We think the latter rate is determined by a strain-induced collapse of CO2-deficient calcite at its interface with crystalline CaO rods with simultaneous expulsion of CO2 gas. Such a mechanism seems not to have been suggested before, but it probably accounts for some of the exothermic events observed during heating of solids that decompose incongruently. The role of particle size on such a mechanism has been investigated and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thermochimica Acta is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THERMAL analysis
KW  - CALCITE
KW  - VACUUM
KW  - VAPORS
KW  - CO2
KW  - Incongruent
KW  - Vaporization
N1  - Accession Number: 14784899; Beruto, D.T. 1; Email Address: dabe@unige.it Searcy, Alan W. 2 Kim, Mun Gyu 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Engineering Materials and Building Science (DEUIM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Genoa, Italy  2: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 424 Issue 1/2, p99; Subject Term: THERMAL analysis; Subject Term: CALCITE; Subject Term: VACUUM; Subject Term: VAPORS; Author-Supplied Keyword: CO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: Incongruent; Author-Supplied Keyword: Vaporization; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tca.2004.05.027
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14784899&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dixit, Narendra M.
AU  - Layden-Almer, Jennifer E.
AU  - Layden, Thomas J.
AU  - Perelson, Alan S.
T1  - Modelling how ribavirin improves interferon response rates in hepatitis C virus infection.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/12/16/
VL  - 432
IS  - 7019
M3  - Article
SP  - 922
EP  - 924
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Nearly 200 million individuals worldwide are currently infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Combination therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, the latest treatment for HCV infection, elicits long-term responses in only about 50% of patients treated. No effective alternative treatments exist for non-responders. Consequently, significant efforts are continuing to maximize response to combination therapy. However, rational therapy optimization is precluded by the poor understanding of the mechanism(s) of ribavirin action against HCV. Ribavirin alone induces either a transient early decline or no decrease in HCV viral load, but in combination with interferon it significantly improves long-term response rates. Here we present a model of HCV dynamics in which, on the basis of growing evidence, we assume that ribavirin decreases HCV infectivity in an infected individual in a dose-dependent manner. The model quantitatively predicts long-term response rates to interferon monotherapy and combination therapy, fits observed patterns of HCV RNA decline in patients undergoing therapy, reconciles conflicting observations of the influence of ribavirin on HCV RNA decline, provides key insights into the mechanism of ribavirin action against HCV, and establishes a framework for rational therapy optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Antiviral agents
KW  - Anti-infective agents
KW  - Amides
KW  - Therapeutics
KW  - Nucleosides
KW  - Triazoles
KW  - Glycoproteins
N1  - Accession Number: 15365355; Dixit, Narendra M. 1; Layden-Almer, Jennifer E. 2; Layden, Thomas J. 2; Perelson, Alan S. 1; Email Address: asp@lanl.gov; Affiliations: 1: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA; 2: Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA; Issue Info: 12/16/2004, Vol. 432 Issue 7019, p922; Thesaurus Term: Antiviral agents; Thesaurus Term: Anti-infective agents; Thesaurus Term: Amides; Subject Term: Therapeutics; Subject Term: Nucleosides; Subject Term: Triazoles; Subject Term: Glycoproteins; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature03153
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - eih
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Andersen, Travis M.
AU  - Neiwert, Wade A.
T1  - A Late-Transition Metal Oxo Complex: K7Na9[O=PtIV(H2O)L], L = [PW9O34]9-.
JO  - Science
JF  - Science
Y1  - 2004/12/17/
VL  - 306
IS  - 5704
M3  - Article
SP  - 2074
EP  - 2077
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
SN  - 00368075
AB  - Terminal mono-oxo complexes of the late transition metal elements have long been considered too unstable to synthesize because of repulsion between the oxygen electrons and the mostly filled metal d orbitals. A platinum(IV)-oxo compound flanked by two polytungstate ligands, K[sub 7]Na[sub 9][O=Pt(H[sub 2]O)L[sub 2]], L = [PW[sub 9]O[sub 34]][sup 9-], has now been prepared and isolated at room temperature as airstable brown crystals. X-ray and neutron diffraction at 30 kelvin revealed a very short [1.720(18) angstrom] Pt-O bond and no evidence of a hydrogen atom at the terminal oxygen, ruling out a better precedented Pt-OH complex. Density functional theory and spectroscopic data account for the stability of the Pt(IV)-oxo unit by electron withdrawal into delocalized orbitals of the polytungstates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - LINE geometry
KW  - TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics)
KW  - CATHODE rays
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 15492928; Andersen, Travis M. 1 Neiwert, Wade A. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322,  2: Department of Chemistry, The University of New Mexico,  3: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory,; Source Info: 12/17/2004, Vol. 306 Issue 5704, p2074; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: LINE geometry; Subject Term: TRANSFORMATIONS (Mathematics); Subject Term: CATHODE rays; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Number of Pages: 4p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 3131
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anders, André
T1  - Observation of self-sputtering in energetic condensation of metal ions.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 85
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6137
EP  - 6139
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - The condensation of energetic metal ions on a surface may cause self-sputtering even in the absence of substrate bias. Charge-state-averaged self-sputtering yields were determined for both zirconium and gold ions generated by a cathodic vacuum arc. Films were deposited on differently biased substrates exposed to streaming Zr and Au vacuum arc plasma. The self-sputtering yields for both metals were estimated to be about 0.05 in the absence of bias, and exceeding 0.5 when bias reached -50 V. These surprisingly high values can be reconciled with binary collision theory and molecular dynamics calculations taking the high kinetic and potential energy of vacuum arc ions into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METAL ions
KW  - CONDENSATION
KW  - SPUTTERING (Physics)
KW  - PHASE transformations (Physics)
KW  - IONS
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15374357; Anders, André 1; Email Address: aanders@lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8223; Source Info: 12/20/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 25, p6137; Subject Term: METAL ions; Subject Term: CONDENSATION; Subject Term: SPUTTERING (Physics); Subject Term: PHASE transformations (Physics); Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1840115
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Xin, Y.
AU  - Stampe, P. A.
AU  - Kennedy, R. J.
AU  - Zheng, J. P.
T1  - Epitaxial thin film growth of Ca2RuO4+δ by pulsed laser deposition.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 85
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6146
EP  - 6148
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Epitaxial Ca2RuO4+δ thin films have been grown on (001) LaAlO3 substrate by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy studies show that the films are single crystal with good structural quality. The films are determined to have quasitetragonal structure with a=5.352(8) Å, c=12.20(9) Å and epitaxially grown on the substrate with in-plane tensile strains. C plane of the film is parallel to the substrate surface and its <100> is along <110> of the pseudocubic LaAlO3 cell. Resistivity versus temperature measurement reveals that the thin film has metallic-like behavior with low resistivity (<0.002 Ω cm) and no metal-to-insulator transition between 2 and 300 K, different from its bulk material property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - THIN films
KW  - EPITAXY
KW  - PULSED laser deposition
KW  - COBALT compounds
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - COATING processes
N1  - Accession Number: 15374354; Wang, X. 1 Xin, Y. 2; Email Address: xin@magnet.fsu.edu Stampe, P. A. 1 Kennedy, R. J. Zheng, J. P.; Affiliation:  1: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University and Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310  2: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310; Source Info: 12/20/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 25, p6146; Subject Term: THIN films; Subject Term: EPITAXY; Subject Term: PULSED laser deposition; Subject Term: COBALT compounds; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: COATING processes; NAICS/Industry Codes: 332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1841451
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15374354&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, S. R.
AU  - Koleske, D. D.
AU  - Cross, K. C.
AU  - Floro, J. A.
AU  - Waldrip, K. E.
AU  - Wise, A. T.
AU  - Mahajan, S.
T1  - In situ measurements of the critical thickness for strain relaxation in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 85
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6164
EP  - 6166
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - Using in situ wafer-curvature measurements of thin-film stress, we determine the critical thickness for strain relaxation in AlxGa1-xN/GaN heterostructures with 0.14≤x≤1. The surface morphology of selected films is examined by atomic force microscopy. Comparison of these measurements with critical-thickness models for brittle fracture and dislocation glide suggests that the onset of strain relaxation occurs by surface fracture for all compositions. Misfit-dislocations follow initial fracture, with slip-system selection occurring under the influence of composition-dependent changes in surface morphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HETEROSTRUCTURES
KW  - CURVATURE
KW  - ATOMIC force microscopy
KW  - CRYSTALS
KW  - SUPERLATTICES
KW  - SURFACES (Geometry)
KW  - SCANNING probe microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15374348; Lee, S. R. 1; Email Address: srlee@sandia.gov Koleske, D. D. 1 Cross, K. C. 1 Floro, J. A. 1 Waldrip, K. E. 1 Wise, A. T. 2 Mahajan, S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0601  2: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6006; Source Info: 12/20/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 25, p6164; Subject Term: HETEROSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: CURVATURE; Subject Term: ATOMIC force microscopy; Subject Term: CRYSTALS; Subject Term: SUPERLATTICES; Subject Term: SURFACES (Geometry); Subject Term: SCANNING probe microscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1840111
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15374348&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ji, Y.
AU  - Hoffmann, A.
AU  - Jiang, J. S.
AU  - Bader, S. D.
T1  - Spin injection, diffusion, and detection in lateral spin-valves.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 85
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6218
EP  - 6220
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate the injection of spin-polarized electrons into paramagnetic Au nanowires by driving an electric current from a ferromagnetic permalloy (Py) electrode. The nonequilibrium spin accumulation in Au results in a difference between the chemical potentials for spin-up and spin-down electrons that is detected as a field-dependent voltage signal using a second Py electrode. The magnitude of the voltage contrast (>10%) and its coincidence with the magnetic switching of the Py electrodes attest to the spin-sensitive origin of the signals. By increasing the separation of the Py injector and detector, we observe an exponential decay of the spin signals. The measurements yield a spin-diffusion length of 63±15 nm and an injected spin polarization of 3% in Au at 10 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GOLD
KW  - SPIN valves
KW  - MAGNETIC devices
KW  - HEAT equation
KW  - MANUFACTURING processes
KW  - PHYSICS
KW  - SEPARATION (Technology)
N1  - Accession Number: 15374330; Ji, Y. 1; Email Address: yji@anl.gov Hoffmann, A. 1 Jiang, J. S. 1 Bader, S. D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division and Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 12/20/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 25, p6218; Subject Term: GOLD; Subject Term: SPIN valves; Subject Term: MAGNETIC devices; Subject Term: HEAT equation; Subject Term: MANUFACTURING processes; Subject Term: PHYSICS; Subject Term: SEPARATION (Technology); NAICS/Industry Codes: 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1841455
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15374330&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nelson, A. J.
AU  - Dunn, J.
AU  - van Buuren, T.
AU  - Hunter, J.
T1  - X-ray laser-induced photoelectron spectroscopy for single-state measurements.
JO  - Applied Physics Letters
JF  - Applied Physics Letters
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 85
IS  - 25
M3  - Article
SP  - 6290
EP  - 6292
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00036951
AB  - We demonstrate single-shot x-ray laser-induced time-of-flight photoelectron spectroscopy on metal and semiconductor surfaces with picosecond time resolution. Our compact multipulse terawatt tabletop x-ray laser source provides the necessary high photon flux (>1012/pulse), monochromaticity, picosecond pulse duration, and coherence for probing ultrafast changes in the chemical and electronic structure of these materials. Static valence band and shallow core-level photoemission spectra are presented for ambient temperature polycrystalline Cu foils and Ge(100). Surface contamination was removed by UV ozone cleaning prior to analysis. The ultrafast nature of this technique lends itself to true single-state measurements of shocked and heated materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Applied Physics Letters is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - METALLIC surfaces
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - X-ray lasers
KW  - METALLOGRAPHY
KW  - PHOTOELECTRICITY
KW  - INDUSTRIAL microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15374306; Nelson, A. J. 1 Dunn, J. 1 van Buuren, T. 1 Hunter, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: 12/20/2004, Vol. 85 Issue 25, p6290; Subject Term: METALLIC surfaces; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: X-ray lasers; Subject Term: METALLOGRAPHY; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRICITY; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL microscopy; Number of Pages: 3p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1841473
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mosesson, M.W.
AU  - DiOrio, J.P.
AU  - Hernandez, I.
AU  - Hainfeld, J.F.
AU  - Wall, J.S.
AU  - Grieninger, G.
T1  - The ultrastructure of fibrinogen-420 and the fibrin-420 clot
JO  - Biophysical Chemistry
JF  - Biophysical Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 112
IS  - 2/3
M3  - Article
SP  - 209
EP  - 214
SN  - 03014622
AB  - Abstract: Fibrinogen-420 is a minor subclass of human fibrinogen that is so named because of its higher molecular weight compared to fibrinogen-340, the predominant form of circulating fibrinogen. Each of the two Aα chains of fibrinogen-340 is replaced in fibrinogen-420 by an Aα isoform termed αE. Such chains contain a globular C-terminal extension, αEC, that is homologous with the C-terminal regions of Bβ and γ chains in the fibrin D domain. The αEC domain lacks a functional fibrin polymerization pocket like those found in the D domain, but it does contain a binding site for β2 integrins. Electron microscopy of fibrinogen-340 molecules showed the major core fibrinogen domains, D–E–D, plus globular portions of the C-terminal αC domains. Fibrinogen-420 molecules had two additional globular domains that were attributable to αEC. Turbidity measurements of thrombin-cleaved fibrinogen-420 revealed a reduced rate of fibrin polymerization and a lower maximum turbidity. Thromboelastographic measurements also showed a reduced rate of fibrin-420 polymerization (amplitude development) compared with fibrin-340. Nevertheless, the final amplitude (MA) and the calculated elastic modulus (G) for fibrin-420 were greater than those for fibrin-340. These results suggested a greater degree of fibrin-420 branching and thinner matrix fibers, and such structures were found in SEM images. In addition, fibrin-420 fibers were irregular and often showed nodular structures protruding from the fiber surface. These nodularities represented αEC domains, and possibly αC domains as well. TEM images of negatively shadowed fibrin-420 networks showed irregular fiber borders, but the fibers possessed the same 22.5-nm periodicity that characterizes all fibrin fibers. From this result, we conclude that fibrin-420 fiber assembly occurs through the same D–E interactions that drive the assembly of all fibrin fibrils, and therefore that the staggered overlapping molecular packing arrangement is the same in both types of fibrin. The αEC domains are arrayed on fiber surfaces, and in this location, they would very likely slow lateral fibril association, causing thinner, more branched fibers to form. However, their location on the fiber surface would facilitate cellular interactions through the integrin receptor binding site. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Biophysical Chemistry is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - POLYMERIZATION
KW  - SEDIMENTATION & deposition
KW  - SEM, scanning electron microscopy
KW  - STEM, scanning–transmission electron microscopy
KW  - TEM, transmission electron microscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15552817; Mosesson, M.W. 1; Email Address: mwmosesson@bcsew.edu DiOrio, J.P. 2 Hernandez, I. 1 Hainfeld, J.F. 3 Wall, J.S. 3 Grieninger, G. 4; Affiliation:  1: The Blood Research Institute of The Blood Center of Southeastern Wisconsin, PO Box 2178, Milwaukee, WI 53201-2178, USA  2: Baxter Healthcare, Roundlake, IL, United States  3: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States  4: 3 Washington Square Village, New York, NY 10012, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 112 Issue 2/3, p209; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: POLYMERIZATION; Subject Term: SEDIMENTATION & deposition; Author-Supplied Keyword: SEM, scanning electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: STEM, scanning–transmission electron microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: TEM, transmission electron microscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.bpc.2004.07.021
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lipkin, Harry J.
T1  - NEW RESULTS IN HADRON SPECTROSCOPY.
JO  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
JF  - International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 19
IS  - 31
M3  - Article
SP  - 5403
EP  - 5415
PB  - World Scientific Publishing Company
SN  - 0217751X
AB  - Hadron spectroscopy still follows basic 1966 physics of Sakharov, Zeldovich and Nambu. Constituent quark quasiparticles with effective masses and non-abelian color gauge electric and magnetic interactions fit all masses and magnetic moments of ground state mesons and baryons containing no more than one heavy or strange or heavy quark. Flavor antisymmetry explains absence of low-lying exotics and suggests diquark-triquark model for Θ+ pentaquark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - HADRONS
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - BARYONS
KW  - QUARKS
KW  - MESONS
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 16259621; Lipkin, Harry J. 1,2,3; Email Address: harry.lipkin@weizmann.ac.il; Affiliation:  1: Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot  2: School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv  3: High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439-4815; Source Info: 12/20/2004, Vol. 19 Issue 31, p5403; Subject Term: HADRONS; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: BARYONS; Subject Term: QUARKS; Subject Term: MESONS; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goldowitz, Dan
AU  - Frankel, Wayne N.
AU  - Takahashi, Joseph S.
AU  - Holtz-Vitaterna, Martha
AU  - Bult, Carol
AU  - Kibbe, Warren A.
AU  - Snoddy, Jay
AU  - Li, Yanxia
AU  - Pretel, Stephanie
AU  - Yates, Jeana
AU  - Swanson, Douglas J.
T1  - Large-scale mutagenesis of the mouse to understand the genetic bases of nervous system structure and function
JO  - Molecular Brain Research
JF  - Molecular Brain Research
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 132
IS  - 2
M3  - Article
SP  - 105
EP  - 115
SN  - 0169328X
AB  - Abstract: N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis is presented as a powerful approach to developing models for human disease. The efforts of three NIH Mutagenesis Centers established for the detection of neuroscience-related phenotypes are described. Each center has developed an extensive panel of phenotype screens that assess nervous system structure and function. In particular, these screens focus on complex behavioral traits from drug and alcohol responses to circadian rhythms to epilepsy. Each of these centers has developed a bioinformatics infrastructure to track the extensive number of transactions that are inherent in these large-scale projects. Over 100 new mouse mutant lines have been defined through the efforts of these three mutagenesis centers and are presented to the research community via the centralized Web presence of the Neuromice.org consortium (http://www.neuromice.org</ce:inter-ref>). This community resource provides visitors with the ability to search for specific mutant phenotypes, to view the genetic and phenotypic details of mutant mouse lines, and to order these mice for use in their own research program. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Molecular Brain Research is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NERVOUS system
KW  - MUTAGENESIS
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - PHENOTYPE
KW  - NEUROSCIENCES
N1  - Accession Number: 15561603; Goldowitz, Dan 1 Frankel, Wayne N. 2 Takahashi, Joseph S. 3 Holtz-Vitaterna, Martha 3 Bult, Carol 2 Kibbe, Warren A. 3 Snoddy, Jay 4 Li, Yanxia 3 Pretel, Stephanie 2 Yates, Jeana 3 Swanson, Douglas J. 1; Email Address: dswanson@utmem.edu; Affiliation:  1: Dept. Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Ave., Memphis, TN 38163, United States  2: The Jackson Laboratory, United States  3: Northwestern University, United States  4: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 132 Issue 2, p105; Subject Term: NERVOUS system; Subject Term: MUTAGENESIS; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: PHENOTYPE; Subject Term: NEUROSCIENCES; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.09.016
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hall, Lawrence J.
AU  - Nomura, Yasunori
T1  - and  unified theories on an elongated rectangle
JO  - Nuclear Physics B
JF  - Nuclear Physics B
Y1  - 2004/12/20/
VL  - 703
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 217
EP  - 235
SN  - 05503213
AB  - Abstract: Maximally supersymmetric  and  unified theories are constructed on the orbifold , with one length scale  taken much larger than the other, . The effective theory below  is found to be the highly successful  theory in 5D with natural doublet–triplet splitting, no proton decay from operators of dimension four or five, unified mass relations for heavier generations only, and a precise prediction for gauge coupling unification. A more unified gauge symmetry, and the possibility of Higgs doublets being components of the higher-dimensional gauge multiplet, are therefore compatible with a large energy interval where physics is described by  gauge symmetry in 5D. This leads to the distinctive branching ratios for proton decay from  gauge boson exchange,  (), for well-motivated locations for matter. Several phenomenological features of the higher unified gauge symmetry are discussed, including the role of an extra  gauge symmetry, which survives compactification, in the generation of neutrino masses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ORBIFOLDS
KW  - MANIFOLDS (Mathematics)
KW  - PROTON decay
KW  - GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
KW  - 12.60.-i
N1  - Accession Number: 15448797; Hall, Lawrence J. 1,2 Nomura, Yasunori 1,2; Email Address: yasunori@thsrv.lbl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Theoretical Physics Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 703 Issue 1/2, p217; Subject Term: ORBIFOLDS; Subject Term: MANIFOLDS (Mathematics); Subject Term: PROTON decay; Subject Term: GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics); Author-Supplied Keyword: 12.60.-i; Number of Pages: 19p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.10.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurata, G.
AU  - Carmichael, G.R.
AU  - Streets, D.G.
AU  - Kitada, T.
AU  - Tang, Y.
AU  - Woo, J.-H.
AU  - Thongboonchoo, N.
T1  - Relationships between emission sources and air mass characteristics in East Asia during the TRACE-P period
JO  - Atmospheric Environment
JF  - Atmospheric Environment
Y1  - 2004/12/21/
VL  - 38
IS  - 40
M3  - Article
SP  - 6977
EP  - 6987
SN  - 13522310
AB  - Abstract: Long-range transport of pollutants influenced by anthropogenic and natural emission sources in East Asia is investigated by using backward trajectory analysis along the NASA TRACE-P flight tracks and a numerical simulation with the three-dimensional chemical transport model (STEM-2k1). Observation-based regional distributions of trace gases are reconstructed using the observations obtained by measurements on board the DC-8 and P3-B aircrafts. Systematic features of the spatial distribution for each species are identified. It is found that the observed concentrations of CO and some NMHCs, and the ratios between these species, are highly associated with the source distribution features and their regional characteristics. Reconstructed fields of the observed and modeled ethane/CO and ethane/propane are found to reproduce well the estimated emission ratios in East Asia. We also investigated the time rate of change of the concentration of species and their ratio along the trajectory. From this analysis the propane/ethane and propane/acetylene ratios are shown to preserve their emission ratios during regional transport. However systematic differences in the propane vs. acetylene/CO relationships are found between the model and observation values. This analysis suggests that further efforts are needed to improve the estimates of biomass burning emissions in SE Asia. The results presented in this paper also suggest ways to further extend the capabilities to derive observation-based inventories. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC circulation
KW  - BIOMASS
KW  - COAL gas
KW  - LIGHTING
KW  - Biomass burning
KW  - Chemical transport model
KW  - Emission inventory
KW  - Trajectory analysis
KW  - Tropospheric composition
N1  - Accession Number: 15819025; Kurata, G. 1; Email Address: kurata@eco.tut.ac.jp Carmichael, G.R. 2 Streets, D.G. 3 Kitada, T. 1 Tang, Y. 2 Woo, J.-H. 2 Thongboonchoo, N. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Japan  2: Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 38 Issue 40, p6977; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC circulation; Subject Term: BIOMASS; Subject Term: COAL gas; Subject Term: LIGHTING; Author-Supplied Keyword: Biomass burning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chemical transport model; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emission inventory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Trajectory analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tropospheric composition; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335129 Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.062
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jonathan C.  Boettger
T1  - Impact of neglecting p‐type spin–orbit coupling during electronic structure calculations on solids.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/21/
VL  - 100
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 845
EP  - 850
SN  - 00207608
AB  - Fully relativistic density functional theory electronic structure calculations for crystalline solids have become nearly commonplace. It has been demonstrated, however, that two of the more common methods used for such calculations produce spin–orbit coupling energies for p‐type orbitals that are numerically unstable. The source of the instability and methods for its mitigation are discussed here. In particular, a stabilization strategy suggested by Söderlind, the complete neglect of p‐type spin–orbit coupling, is tested for a prototypical p‐bonded metal, Pb, using the linear combinations of Gaussian‐type orbitals–fitting function method. The zero‐pressure lattice constant and bulk modulus are both insensitive to the p‐type spin–orbit coupling. The density of states and the fcc‐bcc structural energy difference, however, are shown to be significantly affected by p‐type spin–orbit coupling. The complete neglect of p‐type spin–orbit coupling approximation should not be used to determine structural phase transition pressures for materials in which the bonding has a strong p character. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - SOLID state physics
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 20437195; Jonathan C.  Boettger 1; Affiliation:  1: Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 100 Issue 6, p845; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: SOLID state physics; Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Burke  Ritchie
AU  - Charles A.  Weatherford
T1  - Relativistic electron theory: Is spin a property of the electron in vacuo or of the electromagnetic field interaction.
JO  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/21/
VL  - 100
IS  - 6
M3  - Article
SP  - 1014
EP  - 1018
SN  - 00207608
AB  - Here we investigate electron spin as a property of the electron–magnetic field interaction, rather than as a property of the free electron in the absence of electromagnetic fields. We show that, within the phase of the interaction linear in the vector potential, the Pauli or Dirac magnetic moment interaction Hamiltonian can be derived by using a form of the vector potential that depends on the Pauli spin vector and by consistently using electron and field four‐vectors to ensure Lorentz invariance of quantities related to physical observables. The Dirac equation itself is shown to follow from this procedure. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of International Journal of Quantum Chemistry is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - QUANTUM field theory
KW  - DIRAC equation
KW  - QUANTUM chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 20437216; Burke  Ritchie 1 Charles A.  Weatherford 2; Affiliation:  1: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550  2: Department of Physics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307; Source Info: 2004, Vol. 100 Issue 6, p1014; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: QUANTUM field theory; Subject Term: DIRAC equation; Subject Term: QUANTUM chemistry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eremin, V.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Roe, S.
AU  - Ruggiero, G.
AU  - Verbitskaya, E.
T1  - Double peak electric field distortion in heavily irradiated silicon strip detectors
JO  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
JF  - Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A
Y1  - 2004/12/21/
VL  - 535
IS  - 3
M3  - Article
SP  - 622
EP  - 631
SN  - 01689002
AB  - Abstract: Non-uniform distribution of the electric field outlined as double peak distortion (DPD) is considered for heavily irradiated silicon strip detectors, which were developed for the CERN-ATLAS semiconductor tracker. DPD originates from the non-uniform accumulation of electrons and holes from the bulk generated current that are captured by radiation induced defects: deep acceptors and donors with mid-gap energy levels. This corresponds to the formation of the low electric field region in the detector central part that consequently will delay charge collection. The electric field distributions at different reverse biases, fluences and detector operational temperatures are calculated using a one-dimensional Poisson equation as it was done earlier for pad detectors. It has been shown that due to the electric field focusing at the strips the DPD effect is more pronounced for strip detectors as compared to that in pad detectors. The double peak electric field distribution is evinced experimentally in current pulse response shape when the charge is collected along the strip axis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRIC fields
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC fields
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR industry
KW  - CATHODE rays
N1  - Accession Number: 15552271; Eremin, V. 1; Email Address: vladimir.eremin@pop.ioffe.rssi.ru Li, Z. 2 Roe, S. 3 Ruggiero, G. 3 Verbitskaya, E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg 194021, Russia  2: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA  3: CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 535 Issue 3, p622; Subject Term: ELECTRIC fields; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR industry; Subject Term: CATHODE rays; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.06.143
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Qingyou Han
AU  - Kad, Bimal K.
AU  - Viswanathan, Srinath
T1  - Design perspectives for creep-resistant magnesium die-casting alloys.
JO  - Philosophical Magazine
JF  - Philosophical Magazine
Y1  - 2004/12/21/
VL  - 84
IS  - 36
M3  - Article
SP  - 3843
EP  - 3860
SN  - 14786435
AB  - The microstructure of die-cast magnesium alloys is highly non-uniform, which leads to a non-uniform distribution of the solidus/homologous temperature in the α(Mg) phase and a non-uniform distribution of deformation stresses and strains in the specimen during creep testing. Experimental observations suggest that significant creep deformation occurs in the α(Mg) phase in and adjacent to the eutectic regions while deformation in the primary α(Mg) dendrites is less pronounced. This article addresses the effect of the non-uniform as-cast microstructure on the creep resistance of die-cast magnesium alloys. Computational thermodynamic simulations were carried out lo determine solute segregation. solidus temperature, and the corresponding homologous temperature distribution in the α(Mg) phase. Transmission electron microscopy studies provided evidence of non-uniform creep deformation in the creep-tested specimens. The results suggest that the creep resistance of magnesium alloys is determined by the weakest aggregate and/or phase in the alloy, viz., the α(Mg) phase in and adjacent to the eutectic regions. Microstructural design efforts that increase the homologous temperature or reinforce the eutectic a(Mg) phase hold significant promise for increasing the creep resistance of magnesium alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Philosophical Magazine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MAGNESIUM alloys
KW  - LIGHT metal alloys
KW  - DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics)
KW  - CREEP (Materials)
KW  - TRANSMISSION electron microscopy
KW  - ELECTRON microscopy
KW  - DIE-casting
N1  - Accession Number: 15614245; Qingyou Han 1 Kad, Bimal K. 2; Email Address: bkad@ucsd.edu. Viswanathan, Srinath 3; Affiliation:  1: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6083, USA  2: University of California-San Diego. La Jolla, CA 92093-0085, USA  3: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1134, USA; Source Info: 12/21/2004, Vol. 84 Issue 36, p3843; Subject Term: MAGNESIUM alloys; Subject Term: LIGHT metal alloys; Subject Term: DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics); Subject Term: CREEP (Materials); Subject Term: TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRON microscopy; Subject Term: DIE-casting; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331490 Non-ferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1080/14786430412331283073
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Topgaard, Daniel
AU  - Martin, Rachel W.
AU  - Sakellariou, Dimitris
AU  - Meriles, Carlos A.
AU  - Pines, Alexander
T1  - "Shim pulses" for NMR spectroscopy and imaging.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/12/21/
VL  - 101
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 17576
EP  - 17581
SN  - 00278424
AB  - A way to use adiabatic radio frequency pulses and modulated magnetic-field gradient pulses, together constituting a "shim pulse," for NMR spectroscopy and imaging is demonstrated. These pulses capitalize on phase shifts derived from probe gradient coils to compensate for nonlinear intrinsic main magnetic field homogeneity for spectroscopy, as well as for deviations from linear gradients for imaging. This approach opens up the possibility of exploiting cheaper, less-than-perfect magnets and gradient coils for NMR applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - MAGNETIC fields
KW  - RADIO frequency
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - NUCLEAR spectroscopy
N1  - Accession Number: 15603624; Topgaard, Daniel 1; Email Address: daniel.topgaard@fkem1.lu.se Martin, Rachel W. 1 Sakellariou, Dimitris 2 Meriles, Carlos A. 3 Pines, Alexander 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.  2: Departement de Recherche sur l'État Condensé, les Atomes et les Molécules, Direction des Sciences de Ia Matière, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Saday, Service de Chimie Moléculaire, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.  3: Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031.; Source Info: 12/21/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 51, p17576; Subject Term: NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: MAGNETIC fields; Subject Term: RADIO frequency; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: NUCLEAR spectroscopy; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0408296102
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Xin Yang
AU  - Xue-Bin Wang
AU  - Vorpagel, Erich R.
AU  - Lai-Sheng Wang
T1  - Direct experimental observation of the low ionization potentials of guanine in free oligonucleotides by using photoelectron spectroscopy.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Y1  - 2004/12/21/
VL  - 101
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 17588
EP  - 17592
SN  - 00278424
AB  - Photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy is used to probe the electronic structure of mono-, di-, and trinucleotide anions in the gas phase. A weak and well defined threshold band was observed in the photoelectron spectrum of 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-mono- phosphate at a much lower ionization energy than the other three mononucleotides. Density function theory calculations revealed that this unique spectral feature is caused by electron-detachment from a it orbital of the guanine base on 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate, whereas the lowest ionization channel for the other three mononucleotides takes place from the phosphate group. This low-energy feature was shown to be a "fingerprint" in all the spectra of dinucleotides and trinucleotides that contain the guanine base. The current experiment provides direct spectroscopic evidence that the guanine base is the site with the lowest ionization potential in oligonucleotides and DNA and is consistent with the fact that guanine is most susceptible to oxidation to give the guanine cation in DNA damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IONIZATION (Atomic physics)
KW  - OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
KW  - PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - BIOCHEMICAL genetics
N1  - Accession Number: 15603626; Xin Yang 1,2 Xue-Bin Wang 1,2 Vorpagel, Erich R. 1,2 Lai-Sheng Wang 1,2; Email Address: Is.wang@pnI.gov; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richiand, WA 99352.  2: W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99354.; Source Info: 12/21/2004, Vol. 101 Issue 51, p17588; Subject Term: IONIZATION (Atomic physics); Subject Term: OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; Subject Term: PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: DNA damage; Subject Term: BIOCHEMICAL genetics; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541710 Research and development in the  physical, engineering and life sciences; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1073/pnas.0405157101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Luke
AU  - Mukamel, Shaul
T1  - Simulation of x-ray absorption near edge spectra of electronically excited ruthenium tris-2,2′-bipyridine.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 12323
EP  - 12333
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The L3 edge x-ray absorption near edge spectrum (XANES) of the ground electronic state and the metal to ligand charge transfer state of ruthenium tris-2,2′-bipyridine is calculated. The final valence states and energies in the presence of the photoelectron and core hole, and the corresponding transition intensities are computed using time dependent density functional theory with the Becke three-parameter density functional with the Lee-Yang-Parr correlation functional. Calculations show a valence shift of the primary XANES peak and the appearance of the new XANES transition to the hole created by the optical excitation, in agreement with experiment [M. Saes, C. Bressler, R. Abela, D. Grolimund, S. L. Johnson, P. A. Heimann, and M. Chergui, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 047403 (2003)]. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray spectroscopy
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ION exchange (Chemistry)
KW  - DENSITY functionals
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
N1  - Accession Number: 15344728; Campbell, Luke 1,2 Mukamel, Shaul 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, Rowland Hall, University of California, Irvine, California 92697  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: 12/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 24, p12323; Subject Term: X-ray spectroscopy; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ION exchange (Chemistry); Subject Term: DENSITY functionals; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 11p; Illustrations: 4 Diagrams, 6 Charts, 8 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1814101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bordallo, H. N.
AU  - Herwig, K. W.
AU  - Luther, B. M.
AU  - Levinger, N. E.
T1  - Quasi-elastic neutron scattering study of dimethyl-sulfoxide–water mixtures: Probing molecular mobility in a nonideal solution.
JO  - Journal of Chemical Physics
JF  - Journal of Chemical Physics
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 121
IS  - 24
M3  - Article
SP  - 12457
EP  - 12464
PB  - American Institute of Physics
SN  - 00219606
AB  - The translational and rotational motions of water and dimethyl sulfoxide, [DMSO, (CH3)2SO] have been investigated using quasi-elastic neutron scattering. Water–DMSO mixtures at five DMSO mole fractions, χDMSO, ranging from 0 to 0.75, were measured. Hydrogen–deuterium substitution was used to extract independently the water proton dynamics (d-DMSO–H2O), the DMSO methyl proton dynamics (h-DMSO–D2O) and to obtain background corrections (d-DMSO–D2O). The translational diffusion of water slows down significantly compared to bulk water at all χDMSO>0. The rotational time constant for water exhibits a maximum at χDMSO=0.33 that corresponds to the observed maximum of the viscosity of the mixture. Data for DMSO can be analyzed in terms of a relatively slow tumbling of the molecule about its center-of-mass in conjunction with random translational diffusion. The rotational time constant for this motion exhibits some dependence on χDMSO, while the translational diffusion constant shows no clear variation for χDMSO>0. The results presented reinforce the idea that due to the stronger associative nature of DMSO, DMSO–water aggregates are formed over the whole composition range, disturbing the tetrahedral natural arrangement of the water molecules. As a consequence adding DMSO to water causes a drastic slowing down of the dynamics of the water molecule, and vice versa. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Chemical Physics is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - DIMETHYL sulfoxide
KW  - DEUTERIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 15344713; Bordallo, H. N. 1,2 Herwig, K. W. 3 Luther, B. M. 4 Levinger, N. E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Hahn-Meitner-Institut, SFl Glienicker Straëe, 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany  2: Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  3: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831  4: Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523; Source Info: 12/22/2004, Vol. 121 Issue 24, p12457; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: DIMETHYL sulfoxide; Subject Term: DEUTERIUM; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 3 Charts, 7 Graphs; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1063/1.1823391
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Cina
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Fleming
AU  - G. R.
T1  - Vibrational Coherence Transfer and Trapping as Sources for Long-Lived Quantum Beats in Polarized Emission from Energy Transfer Complexes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 11196
EP  - 11208
SN  - 10895639
AB  - We entertain vibrational coherence transfer and related processes as possible sources for certain long-lived quantum beats observed in time-resolved polarized emission signals from photosynthetic light harvesting complexes. Signal calculations on a dimer model in which each chromophore supports a single vibrational mode show that coherence transfer to the acceptor and coherence trapping in the donor can increase the longevity of vibronic quantum beats beyond the time-scale for electronic energy exchange. These mechanisms imply an active role for coherent vibrational motion in the time-course of ultrafast energy transfer and suggest that external control over vibrations may provide a means for influencing the transport of electronic excitations. The effects of vibrational coherence transfer and trapping on excitation transfer are most vivid when the excitation-vibration coupling strength exceeds that for energy transfer. In light of the strong transfer coupling of photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes, we also examine the adiabatic energy-transfer regime, in which the relative coupling strengths are reversed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ENERGY transfer
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - ELECTRONIC systems
KW  - ENERGY storage
N1  - Accession Number: 16817934; Cina J. A. 1 Fleming G. R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Oregon Center for Optics, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 51, p11196; Subject Term: ENERGY transfer; Subject Term: PHOTOSYNTHESIS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC systems; Subject Term: ENERGY storage; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eckert
AU  - J.
AU  - Sewell
AU  - T. D.
AU  - Kress
AU  - J. D.
AU  - Kober
AU  - E. M.
AU  - Wang
AU  - L. L.
AU  - Olah
AU  - G.
T1  - Vibrational Analysis of the Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectrum of Tetramethylammonium Borohydride by Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Electronic Structure Calculations.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 108
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 11369
EP  - 11374
SN  - 10895639
AB  - The vibrational spectra of three isotopomers of tetramethylammonium borohydride (TMAB) as well as of tetramethylammonium borofluoride were measured at 15 K by inelastic neutron scattering (INS). Direct analysis of the measured spectra was accomplished using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and ab initio electronic structure theory for the crystalline solid. Comparison of observed and computed INS spectra revealed that the periodic electronic structure calculations for the crystalline solid provide a good description of the experimental INS spectrum and clearly demonstrates the power of this combined experimental/theoretical approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ELECTRONIC structure
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - FLUORIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 16817974; Eckert J. 1 Sewell T. D. 1 Kress J. D. 1 Kober E. M. 1 Wang L. L. 1 Olah G. 1; Affiliation:  1: LANSCE, T and MST Divisions, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 51, p11369; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ELECTRONIC structure; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: FLUORIDES; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roeselová, Martina
AU  - Vieceli, John
AU  - Dang, Liem X.
AU  - Garrett, Bruce C.
AU  - Tobias, Douglas J.
T1  - Hydroxyl Radical at the Air-Water Interface.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 126
IS  - 50
M3  - Article
SP  - 16308
EP  - 16309
SN  - 00027863
AB  - This article focuses on the water interface. The interaction of the hydroxyl radical with water is of great interest because of the role of OH radical as a major oxidant in many biological, environmental, and man-made aqueous media. The uptake of hydroxyl radicals on aqueous surfaces is particularly important for atmospheric chemistry, as many atmospherically relevant reactions occur in or on aqueous atmospheric aerosols, cloud droplets, and thin water films on solid surfaces. A recent molecular dynamics study of OH impinging on aqueous surfaces as well as into studies of the microsolvation of OH in small water clusters indicated that, similarly to the hydroperoxy radical.
KW  - MOLECULAR dynamics
KW  - ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
KW  - PHYSICAL sciences
KW  - AIR pollution
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - CHEMISTRY
N1  - Accession Number: 15542089; Roeselová, Martina 1; Email Address: martina.roeselova@uochb.cas.cz Vieceli, John 1 Dang, Liem X. 2 Garrett, Bruce C. 2 Tobias, Douglas J. 1; Email Address: dtobias@uci.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697.  2: Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.; Source Info: 12/22/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 50, p16308; Subject Term: MOLECULAR dynamics; Subject Term: ATMOSPHERIC chemistry; Subject Term: PHYSICAL sciences; Subject Term: AIR pollution; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: CHEMISTRY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1021/ja045552m
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
AU  - DIANA HEIL, PHOTO COURTESY LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY
T1  - LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY'S NEW WHEELS ARE CAT'S MEOW
JO  - Santa Fe New Mexican
JF  - Santa Fe New Mexican
J1  - Santa Fe New Mexican
PY  - 2004/12/22/
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
PB  - Y
AB  - ; American troops in Iraq aren't the only ones snubbing Humvees these days. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
N1  - Accession Number: 472237873; Source Information: 12/22/2004, pB-1; Number of Pages: B-1; 
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - n5h
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zinovev, A.V.
AU  - Elam, J.W.
AU  - Moore, J.F.
AU  - Hryn, J.N.
AU  - Auciello, O.
AU  - Carlisle, J.A.
AU  - Pellin, M.J.
T1  - Coating of SiC surface by thin carbon films using the carbide-derived carbon process
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 469/470
M3  - Article
SP  - 135
EP  - 141
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Abstract: The conversion of silicon carbide surfaces into carbon upon exposure to a helium–chlorine–hydrogen gas mixture was studied. During this process, the more energetically favored reaction of Cl2 with Si rather than C causes the selective etching of silicon from the SiC surface and leads to the formation of a carbide-derived carbon (CDC) film. Surfaces of single crystal SiC wafers as well as industrial polycrystalline alpha-SiC ceramics were treated using different gas concentrations at various temperatures. The resulting CDC films were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XPS analysis of carbon C1s fundamental peak and valence band spectra revealed that the CDC films are not phase pure but consist of a mixture of sp2 and sp3 bonded carbon. A strong difference in the nature of the CDC process for different types of SiC materials (single crystal or industrial ceramics) was observed, which may result from the different SiC grain boundary conditions and surface morphology effects in these materials. The CDC films were also tested for suitability as seed layers for the subsequent growth of ultrananocrystallie diamond films. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR wafers
KW  - MICROELECTRONICS
KW  - CRYSTAL growth
KW  - RAMAN spectroscopy
KW  - Carbide-derived carbon
KW  - SiC surface
KW  - Thin carbon films
N1  - Accession Number: 15819481; Zinovev, A.V. 1; Email Address: zinovev@anl.gov Elam, J.W. 2 Moore, J.F. 1 Hryn, J.N. 2 Auciello, O. 1 Carlisle, J.A. 1 Pellin, M.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700, S. Cass Ave, Argonne, Illinois, 60439, United States  2: Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700, S. Cass Ave, Argonne, Illinois, 60439, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 469/470, p135; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR wafers; Subject Term: MICROELECTRONICS; Subject Term: CRYSTAL growth; Subject Term: RAMAN spectroscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Carbide-derived carbon; Author-Supplied Keyword: SiC surface; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin carbon films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.08.165
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Schwarzer, N.
AU  - Pharr, G.M.
T1  - On the evaluation of stresses during nanoindentation with sharp indenters
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 469/470
M3  - Article
SP  - 194
EP  - 200
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Abstract: Recent investigations of nanoindentation unloading curves [G.M. Pharr, A. Bolshakov, J.Mater. Res. 17(10), Oct 2002, 2660.] have shown that the pressure distribution of a sharp indenter can be approximated by an “effectively shaped” indenter during the unloading process. The geometrical form of the effective indenter shape is determined by the shape of the plastic hardness impression formed during indentation. During unloading this concept allows one to extract approximately the elastic part of the surface stress determined by the effective indenter due a fit procedure applied to the unloading curve. Making use of an additional straightforward algorithm, this concept also allows the evaluation of the complete elastic field of the effectively shaped indenter and thus it may provide information about changes in the indenter stresses during the unloading process. The model is applied to example materials and the resulting fields of elastic stresses are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - ELASTIC solids
KW  - CURVES
KW  - ALGORITHMS
KW  - Coatings
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Nanoindentation
KW  - Surface stress
KW  - Yield strength
N1  - Accession Number: 15819491; Schwarzer, N. 1; Email Address: n.schwarzer@physik.tu-chemnitz.de Pharr, G.M. 2; Affiliation:  1: Technical University of Chemnitz, Institute of Physics, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany  2: University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 469/470, p194; Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: ELASTIC solids; Subject Term: CURVES; Subject Term: ALGORITHMS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Coatings; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mechanical properties; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoindentation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface stress; Author-Supplied Keyword: Yield strength; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.08.170
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Coupeau, C.
AU  - Goudeau, P.
AU  - Belliard, L.
AU  - George, M.
AU  - Tamura, N.
AU  - Cleymand, F.
AU  - Colin, J.
AU  - Perrin, B.
AU  - Grilhé, J.
T1  - Evidence of plastic damage in thin films around buckling structures
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 469/470
M3  - Article
SP  - 221
EP  - 226
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Abstract: Buckling structures that cannot be simply understood in the frame of continuum elastic theory have been observed by atomic force microscopy on gold films, 630 nm thick, deposited by sputtering method on silicon substrates. X-ray diffraction analyses and finite element simulations have been carried out to characterize the stress levels in and around these buckling structures. The high stress concentration evidenced near the edges of the circular blisters may involve plastic damage resulting in the strong bending of the buckled structures experimentally observed but does not seem to induce a decohesion process of the film/substrate interface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - BUCKLING (Mechanics)
KW  - STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics)
KW  - METALLIC films
KW  - STRESS concentration
KW  - Atomic force microscopy
KW  - Buckling
KW  - Damage mechanisms
KW  - Residual stresses
KW  - Thin films
KW  - X-ray diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 15819495; Coupeau, C. 1; Email Address: christophe.coupeau@univ-poitiers.fr Goudeau, P. 1 Belliard, L. 2 George, M. 3 Tamura, N. 4 Cleymand, F. 5 Colin, J. 1 Perrin, B. 2 Grilhé, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Laboratoire de Métallurgie Physique UMR 6630 CNRS, University of Poitiers, France  2: Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, University of P.&M. Curie, France  3: British Nuclear Fuel plc, Springfields, Salwick, Preston PR4 0XJ, United Kingdom  4: Lab. Science & Génie des Surfaces UMR 7570 CNRS, Ecole des Mines, Nancy, France  5: ALS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Cyclotron road, Berkeley 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 469/470, p221; Subject Term: BUCKLING (Mechanics); Subject Term: STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics); Subject Term: METALLIC films; Subject Term: STRESS concentration; Author-Supplied Keyword: Atomic force microscopy; Author-Supplied Keyword: Buckling; Author-Supplied Keyword: Damage mechanisms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Residual stresses; Author-Supplied Keyword: Thin films; Author-Supplied Keyword: X-ray diffraction; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.08.158
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hershberger, J.
AU  - Ajayi, O.O.
AU  - Bello, Y.A.
AU  - Fenske, G.R.
T1  - Scuffing resistance after tribosynthesis of a modified surface layer
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 469/470
M3  - Article
SP  - 263
EP  - 267
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Abstract: In this work, the surface layers of steel samples have been modified by a tribological scuffing process to improve the resistance of the surface to subsequent scuffing failure. In general, scuffing is known to involve large plastic strains and high local temperatures. The scuffed surface layers cool rapidly as heat is transported into the bulk material. This deformation and thermal treatment form highly work-hardened surface layers with small grain size. Resistance to scuffing failure typically improves with increasing hardness; for this reason, we have assessed the scuffing resistance of previously scuffed material as follows. We have modified a high-frequency reciprocating rig tribological tester so that a flat sample can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the direction of reciprocation during a ball-on-flat scuffing test. After initiation of scuffing, each flat was moved at a constant velocity, propagating the scuffing effect sideways from the reciprocating line in order to affect an area. After cleaning, the resistance of such areas to scuffing was measured in a second test. Flats of hardened 440C stainless steel were tested. Contrary to expectations, the resistance of tribosynthesized surface layers to subsequent scuffing was significantly degraded compared to as-polished surfaces. In particular, failures in the “run-in” portion of the test, before the load was fully applied, were more common when testing tribosynthesized surface layers. The most likely cause was the significantly increased roughness of the modified surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE roughness
KW  - SURFACES (Technology)
KW  - STEEL alloys
KW  - STAINLESS steel
KW  - Metallurgical
KW  - Protective and hard layers
KW  - Steel
KW  - Surface roughness
KW  - Tribology
N1  - Accession Number: 15819501; Hershberger, J. 1; Email Address: jhersh@anl.gov Ajayi, O.O. 1 Bello, Y.A. 2 Fenske, G.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 212, Room D204, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Mechanical Engineering Department, Oakland University, Dodge Hall of Engineering, Room 145, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 469/470, p263; Subject Term: SURFACE roughness; Subject Term: SURFACES (Technology); Subject Term: STEEL alloys; Subject Term: STAINLESS steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Metallurgical; Author-Supplied Keyword: Protective and hard layers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Steel; Author-Supplied Keyword: Surface roughness; Author-Supplied Keyword: Tribology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.08.092
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jankowski, A.F.
AU  - Saw, C.K.
AU  - Walton, C.C.
AU  - Hayes, J.P.
AU  - Nilsen, J.
T1  - Boron–carbide barrier layers in scandium–silicon multilayers
JO  - Thin Solid Films
JF  - Thin Solid Films
Y1  - 2004/12/22/
VL  - 469/470
M3  - Article
SP  - 372
EP  - 376
SN  - 00406090
AB  - Abstract: Scandium–silicon (Sc/Si) multilayer structures show promise to efficiently reflect 45–50-nm wavelength X-rays at normal incidence. Barrier layers have been added at each interface to minimize the formation and growth of silicide compounds that broaden interfaces and, consequently, cause a change in the layer spacing and loss of reflectivity. Although tungsten (W) is an effective diffusion barrier, its high absorption causes a loss of reflectivity. We now evaluate the use of another refractory material for the barrier layer, boron carbide (B4C), which is a stable ceramic. The multilayer microstructure and its stability are evaluated using microscopy and diffraction methods. It is found that the use of B4C enhances the thermal stability of Sc/Si multilayers to an extent equivalent that offered by W barrier layers with only a few percent reduction in the reflectivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Thin Solid Films is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MULTILAYERED thin films
KW  - X-rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - REFRACTORY materials
KW  - Boron–carbide
KW  - Diffusion barrier
KW  - Multilayer
KW  - Reflectivity
KW  - Scandium–silicon
N1  - Accession Number: 15819521; Jankowski, A.F.; Email Address: jankowskil@llnl.gov Saw, C.K. 1 Walton, C.C. 1 Hayes, J.P. 1 Nilsen, J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, MS L-352, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, United States; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 469/470, p372; Subject Term: MULTILAYERED thin films; Subject Term: X-rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: REFRACTORY materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Boron–carbide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diffusion barrier; Author-Supplied Keyword: Multilayer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Reflectivity; Author-Supplied Keyword: Scandium–silicon; NAICS/Industry Codes: 327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.08.153
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milonni, Peter W.
AU  - Chernobrod, Boris M.
T1  - Device physics: Microlever chilled out.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/12/23/
VL  - 432
IS  - 7020
M3  - Article
SP  - 965
EP  - 965
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The article provides information on a research that shows how light might be used to cool a micrometer-size cantilevered mirror to the low temperatures required in physics experiments and applications. Microlever cooling relies on the force on a resonator mirror that is generated by the light inside the resonator. Because the mirror separation is changed by the force, it is strongly coupled to the light intensity inside the cavity. The key ingredient for the cooling effect is a force that is delayed with respect to a change in the mirror separation.
KW  - COOLING
KW  - BRIGHTNESS perception
KW  - RESONATORS
KW  - LOW temperatures
KW  - PHYSICS experiments
KW  - SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments
N1  - Accession Number: 15441055; Milonni, Peter W. 1; Email Address: pwm@lanl.gov Chernobrod, Boris M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; Source Info: 12/23/2004, Vol. 432 Issue 7020, p965; Subject Term: COOLING; Subject Term: BRIGHTNESS perception; Subject Term: RESONATORS; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Subject Term: PHYSICS experiments; Subject Term: SCIENTIFIC apparatus & instruments; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/432965a
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Martin, Joel
AU  - Han, Cliff
AU  - Gordon, Laurie A.
AU  - Terry, Astrid
AU  - Prabhakar, Shyam
AU  - Xinwei She
AU  - Xie, Gary
AU  - Hellsten, Uffe
AU  - Chan, Yee Man
AU  - Altherr, Michael
AU  - Couronne, Olivier
AU  - Aerts, Andrea
AU  - Bajorek, Eva
AU  - Black, Stacey
AU  - Blumer, Heather
AU  - Branscomb, Elbert
AU  - Brown, Nancy C.
AU  - Bruno, William J.
AU  - Buckingham, Judith M.
AU  - Callen, David F.
T1  - The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/12/23/
VL  - 432
IS  - 7020
M3  - Article
SP  - 988
EP  - 994
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Human chromosome 16 features one of the highest levels of segmentally duplicated sequence among the human autosomes. We report here the 78,884,754 base pairs of finished chromosome 16 sequence, representing over 99.9% of its euchromatin. Manual annotation revealed 880 protein-coding genes confirmed by 1,670 aligned transcripts, 19 transfer RNA genes, 341 pseudogenes and three RNA pseudogenes. These genes include metallothionein, cadherin and iroquois gene families, as well as the disease genes for polycystic kidney disease and acute myelomonocytic leukaemia. Several large-scale structural polymorphisms spanning hundreds of kilobase pairs were identified and result in gene content differences among humans. Whereas the segmental duplications of chromosome 16 are enriched in the relatively gene-poor pericentromere of the p arm, some are involved in recent gene duplication and conversion events that are likely to have had an impact on the evolution of primates and human disease susceptibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CELL nuclei
KW  - GENETIC polymorphisms
KW  - HUMAN chromosomes
KW  - TRANSFER RNA
KW  - ORGANOMETALLIC compounds
KW  - KIDNEY diseases
KW  - DISEASE susceptibility
N1  - Accession Number: 15441035; Martin, Joel 1 Han, Cliff 2 Gordon, Laurie A. 1 Terry, Astrid 1 Prabhakar, Shyam 3 Xinwei She 4 Xie, Gary 1,2 Hellsten, Uffe 1 Chan, Yee Man 5 Altherr, Michael 1,2 Couronne, Olivier 3 Aerts, Andrea 1 Bajorek, Eva 5 Black, Stacey 5 Blumer, Heather 2 Branscomb, Elbert 1,6 Brown, Nancy C. 2 Bruno, William J. 2 Buckingham, Judith M. 2 Callen, David F. 2; Affiliation:  1: DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Avenue, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA  3: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA  4: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA  5: Stanford Human Genome Center, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 975 California Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA  6: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA; Source Info: 12/23/2004, Vol. 432 Issue 7020, p988; Subject Term: CELL nuclei; Subject Term: GENETIC polymorphisms; Subject Term: HUMAN chromosomes; Subject Term: TRANSFER RNA; Subject Term: ORGANOMETALLIC compounds; Subject Term: KIDNEY diseases; Subject Term: DISEASE susceptibility; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature03187
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kodama, R.
AU  - Sentoku, Y.
AU  - Chen, Z. L.
AU  - Kumar, G. R.
AU  - Hatchett, S. P.
AU  - Toyama, Y.
AU  - Cowan, T. E.
AU  - Freeman, R. R
AU  - Fuchs, J.
AU  - Izawa, Y.
AU  - Key, M. H.
AU  - Kitagawa, Y.
AU  - Kondo, K.
AU  - Matsuoka, T.
AU  - Nakamura, H.
AU  - Nakatsutsumi, M.
AU  - Norreys, P. A.
AU  - Norimatsu, T.
AU  - Snavely, R. A.
AU  - Stephens, R. B.
T1  - Plasma devices to guide and collimate a high density of MeV electrons.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/12/23/
VL  - 432
IS  - 7020
M3  - Article
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1008
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - The development of ultra-intense lasers has facilitated new studies in laboratory astrophysics and high-density nuclear science, including laser fusion. Such research relies on the efficient generation of enormous numbers of high-energy charged particles. For example, laser-matter interactions at petawatt (1015?W) power levels can create pulses of MeV electrons with current densities as large as 1012?A?cm-2. However, the divergence of these particle beams usually reduces the current density to a few times 106?A?cm-2 at distances of the order of centimetres from the source. The invention of devices that can direct such intense, pulsed energetic beams will revolutionize their applications. Here we report high-conductivity devices consisting of transient plasmas that increase the energy density of MeV electrons generated in laser-matter interactions by more than one order of magnitude. A plasma fibre created on a hollow-cone target guides and collimates electrons in a manner akin to the control of light by an optical fibre and collimator. Such plasma devices hold promise for applications using high energy-density particles and should trigger growth in charged particle optics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - PLASMA devices
KW  - PLASMA engineering
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - NONLINEAR optics
KW  - OPTOELECTRONIC devices
KW  - OPTICAL waveguides
N1  - Accession Number: 15441046; Kodama, R. 1; Email Address: ryo@ile.osaka-u.ac.jp Sentoku, Y. 2 Chen, Z. L. 1 Kumar, G. R. 1,3 Hatchett, S. P. 4 Toyama, Y. 1 Cowan, T. E. 2 Freeman, R. R 5,6 Fuchs, J. 2,7 Izawa, Y. 1 Key, M. H. 4 Kitagawa, Y. 1 Kondo, K. 8 Matsuoka, T. 1 Nakamura, H. 1 Nakatsutsumi, M. 1 Norreys, P. A. 9 Norimatsu, T. 1 Snavely, R. A. 4 Stephens, R. B. 10; Affiliation:  1: Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871, Japan.  2: University of Nevada, Department of Physics, MS -220, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.  3: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India.  4: University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA.  5: The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210.  6: University of California, Davis, Department of Applied Science, Livermore, California 94550, USA.  7: Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, UMR 7605 CNRS-CEA-École Polytechnique-Univ. Paris VI, 91128 Palaiseau, France.  8: Faculty of Engineering and Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871, Japan.  9: Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK.  10: General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA; Source Info: 12/23/2004, Vol. 432 Issue 7020, p1005; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: PLASMA devices; Subject Term: PLASMA engineering; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: NONLINEAR optics; Subject Term: OPTOELECTRONIC devices; Subject Term: OPTICAL waveguides; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature03133
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ackerman, Andrew S.
AU  - Kirkpatrick, Michael P.
AU  - Stevens, David E.
AU  - Toon, Owen B.
T1  - The impact of humidity above stratiform clouds on indirect aerosol climate forcing.
JO  - Nature
JF  - Nature
Y1  - 2004/12/23/
VL  - 432
IS  - 7020
M3  - Article
SP  - 1014
EP  - 1017
PB  - Nature Publishing Group
SN  - 00280836
AB  - Some of the global warming from anthropogenic greenhouse gases is offset by increased reflection of solar radiation by clouds with smaller droplets that form in air polluted with aerosol particles that serve as cloud condensation nuclei. The resulting cooling tendency, termed the indirect aerosol forcing, is thought to be comparable in magnitude to the forcing by anthropogenic CO2, but it is difficult to estimate because the physical processes that determine global aerosol and cloud populations are poorly understood. Smaller cloud droplets not only reflect sunlight more effectively, but also inhibit precipitation, which is expected to result in increased cloud water. Such an increase in cloud water would result in even more reflective clouds, further increasing the indirect forcing. Marine boundary-layer clouds polluted by aerosol particles, however, are not generally observed to hold more water. Here we simulate stratocumulus clouds with a fluid dynamics model that includes detailed treatments of cloud microphysics and radiative transfer. Our simulations show that the response of cloud water to suppression of precipitation from increased droplet concentrations is determined by a competition between moistening from decreased surface precipitation and drying from increased entrainment of overlying air. Only when the overlying air is humid or droplet concentrations are very low does sufficient precipitation reach the surface to allow cloud water to increase with droplet concentrations. Otherwise, the response of cloud water to aerosol-induced suppression of precipitation is dominated by enhanced entrainment of overlying dry air. In this scenario, cloud water is reduced as droplet concentrations increase, which diminishes the indirect climate forcing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Nature is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVAPORATION (Meteorology)
KW  - FLUID dynamics
KW  - CLOUDS
KW  - SOLAR radiation
KW  - AEROSOLS (Sprays)
KW  - CLIMATOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 15441038; Ackerman, Andrew S. 1; Email Address: andrew.ackeman@nasa.gov Kirkpatrick, Michael P. 2 Stevens, David E. 3 Toon, Owen B. 4; Affiliation:  1: NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA  2: University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94552, USA  4: University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA; Source Info: 12/23/2004, Vol. 432 Issue 7020, p1014; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Meteorology); Subject Term: FLUID dynamics; Subject Term: CLOUDS; Subject Term: SOLAR radiation; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: CLIMATOLOGY; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1038/nature03174
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinkov, Serguei I.
AU  - Rapko, Brian M.
AU  - Lumetta, Gregg J.
AU  - Hay, Benjamin P.
AU  - Hutchison, James E.
AU  - Parks, Bevin W.
T1  - Bicyclic and Acyclic Diamides: Comparison of Their Aqueous Phase Binding Constants with Nd(III), Am(III), Pu(IV), Np(V), Pu(Vl), and U(VI).
JO  - Inorganic Chemistry
JF  - Inorganic Chemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 43
IS  - 26
M3  - Article
SP  - 8404
EP  - 8413
SN  - 00201669
AB  - This report describes affinity measurements for two, water-soluble, methyl-alkylated diamides incorporating the malonamide functionality, N,N,N',N' tetramethylmalonamide (TMMA) and a bicyclic diamide (1a), toward actinide metal cations (An) in acidic nitrate solutions. Ligand complexation to actinides possessing oxidation states ranging from +3 to +6 was monitored through optical absorbance spectroscopy, and formation constants were obtained from the refinement of the spectrophotometric titration data sets. Species analysis gives evidence for the formation of 1, 4, 1, and 2 spectrophotometrically observable complexes by TMMA to An(Ill, IV, V, and VI), respectively, while for la, the respective numbers are 3, 4, 2, and 2. Consistent with the preorganization of la toward actinide binding, a significant difference is found in the magnitudes of their respective formation constants at each complexation step. It has been found that the binding affinity for TMMA follows the well-established order An(V) < An(Ill) < An(VI) < An(IV). However, with 1a, Np(V) forms stronger complexes than Am(Ill). The complexation of la with Np(V) and Pu(VI) at an acidity of 1.0 M is followed by reduction to Np(IV) and Pu(IV), whereas TMMA does not perturb the initial oxidation state for these dioxocations. These measurements of diamide binding affinity mark the first time single-component optical absorbance spectra have been reported for a span of actinide-diamide complexes covering all common oxidation states in aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Inorganic Chemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - AMIDES
KW  - CYCLIC compounds
KW  - CATIONS
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15728713; Sinkov, Serguei I. 1; Email Address: serguei.sinkov@pnl.gov Rapko, Brian M. 1 Lumetta, Gregg J. 1 Hay, Benjamin P. 1 Hutchison, James E. Parks, Bevin W. 2; Affiliation:  1: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richiand, Washington 99352  2: Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403; Source Info: 12/27/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 26, p8404; Subject Term: AMIDES; Subject Term: CYCLIC compounds; Subject Term: CATIONS; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: NITRATES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 13 Graphs; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
T1  - Radioactive beam facilities of North America
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 9
EP  - 16
SN  - 03759474
AB  - There are several nuclear physics laboratories in North America that have on-going research using energetic and stopped radioactive beams. These include the large ISOL-based programs ISAC at TRIUMF in Canada and HRIBF at Oak Ridge and the in-flight fragmentation program at the NSCL of Michigan State University. There are also smaller, more specialized, programs using a variety of techniques at ATLAS at Argonne, the Cyclotron Institute of Texas A&M University, the Nuclear Structure Laboratory at Notre Dame University, the 88-inch cyclotron of Berkeley, and the Nuclear Structure Laboratory at SUNY/Stony Brook. A major upgrade of the NSCL, the Coupled Cyclotron Project, was recently completed, resulting in driver beams at higher energies and intensities than previously available. A major improvement of the ISAC facility is also in progress. ISAC is being upgraded to provide higher energies and a broader range of masses in the ISAC II project with an ECR charge state booster and a superconducting linac to provide energies of 6.5 MeV/u for masses up to A=150. In the United States the construction of a next-generation facility, the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA), is being planned. RIA will have a very high-intensity, up to 400 kW, superconducting heavy-ion driver linac which will provide beams from protons to uranium. This facility utilize both ISOL and in-flight production mechanisms. Many laboratories and universities nation-wide are participating in the R&D program for this future facility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams
KW  - PARTICLE beams
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - CYCLOTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15807736; Nolen, J.A. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p9; Subject Term: RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams; Subject Term: PARTICLE beams; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: CYCLOTRONS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.013
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reinhard, P.-G.
AU  - Bürvenich, T.
AU  - Cornelius, T.
AU  - Fleischer, P.
AU  - Klüpfel, P.
AU  - Maruhn, J.A.
T1  - Mean-field models and exotic nuclei
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 76
EP  - 82
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We review briefly the performance of self-consistent mean field models in connection with exotic nuclei. Two variants are discussed, the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock (SHF) method and the relativistic mean-field (RMF) model. The basic properties are summarized. Applications to neutron rich Sn isotopes and to superheavy elements are discussed. As effects slightly beyond mean field, we present recent results on low lying 2+ excitations in Sn isotopes and in 186Pb. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 15807748; Reinhard, P.-G. 1 Bürvenich, T. 2 Cornelius, T. 3 Fleischer, P. 1 Klüpfel, P. 1 Maruhn, J.A. 3; Affiliation:  1: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Erlangen, Erlangen / Germany  2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos / USA  3: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt / Germany; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p76; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.072
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radford, D.C.
AU  - Baktash, C.
AU  - Beene, J.R.
AU  - Fuentes, B.
AU  - Galindo-Uribarri, A.
AU  - Gomez del Campo, J.
AU  - Gross, C.J.
AU  - Halbert, M.L.
AU  - Larochelle, Y.
AU  - Lewis, T.A.
AU  - Liang, J.F.
AU  - Mas, J.
AU  - Mueller, P.E.
AU  - Padilla, E.
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Stracener, D.W.
AU  - Varner, R.L.
AU  - Yu, C.-H.
AU  - Barton, C.J.
AU  - Caprio, M.A.
T1  - Nuclear structure studies with heavy neutron-rich RIBS at the HRIBF
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 83
EP  - 89
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Neutron-rich radioactive ion beams available from the HRIBF allow a variety of exciting measurements around the 132Sn region, including Coulomb excitation, fusion-evaporation, and neutron transfer. The  value for first 2+ excited states of neutron-rich 132,134,136Te and 126,128,130,132,134Sn have been measured by Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics. The results are discussed in terms of the shell model and the quasiparticle random phase approximation. Neutron transfer onto a 134Te beam, from 9Be and 13C targets to populate single-particle states in 135Te, has also been studied. Results, and plans for future experiments with these neutron-rich beams, are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
N1  - Accession Number: 15807749; Radford, D.C. 1 Baktash, C. 1 Beene, J.R. 1 Fuentes, B. 1,2 Galindo-Uribarri, A. 1 Gomez del Campo, J. 1 Gross, C.J. 1 Halbert, M.L. 1 Larochelle, Y. 1,3 Lewis, T.A. 1 Liang, J.F. 1 Mas, J. 1 Mueller, P.E. 1 Padilla, E. 1,4 Shapira, D. 1 Stracener, D.W. 1 Varner, R.L. 1 Yu, C.-H. 1 Barton, C.J. 5 Caprio, M.A. 5; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  2: Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, 04510, D.F., Mexico  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA  4: Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, 04510, D.F., Mexico  5: A.W. Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8124; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p83; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.056
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DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liang, J.F.
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Gross, C.J.
AU  - Beene, J.R.
AU  - Bierman, J.D.
AU  - Galindo-Uribarri, A.
AU  - Gomez del Campo, J.
AU  - Hausladen, P.A.
AU  - Larochelle, Y.
AU  - Loveland, W.
AU  - Mueller, P.E.
AU  - Peterson, D.
AU  - Radford, D.C.
AU  - Stracener, D.W.
AU  - Varner, R.L.
T1  - Enhanced evaporation residue cross sections in neutron-rich radioactive 132Sn on 64Ni
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 103
EP  - 107
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Evaporation residue cross sections have been measured with neutron-rich radioactive 132Sn beams on 64Ni in the vicinity of the Coulomb barrier. The average beam intensity was 2 × 104 particles per second and the smallest cross section measured was less than 5 mb. Large sub-barrier fusion enhancement was observed. The measurement is compared to coupled-channel calculations taking into account inelastic excitation and nucleon transfer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EVAPORATION (Chemistry)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
N1  - Accession Number: 15807752; Liang, J.F. 1 Shapira, D. 1 Gross, C.J. 1 Beene, J.R. 1 Bierman, J.D. 2 Galindo-Uribarri, A. 1 Gomez del Campo, J. 1 Hausladen, P.A. 1 Larochelle, Y. 3 Loveland, W. 4 Mueller, P.E. 1 Peterson, D. 4 Radford, D.C. 1 Stracener, D.W. 1 Varner, R.L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  2: Physics Department AD-51, Gonzaga University, Spokane, Washington 99258-0051, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA  4: Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p103; Subject Term: EVAPORATION (Chemistry); Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.057
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vary, J.P.
AU  - Barrett, B.R.
AU  - Lloyd, R.
AU  - Navrátil, P.
AU  - Nogga, A.
AU  - Ormand, W.E.
T1  - Shell model in a first principles approach
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 123
EP  - 129
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We develop and apply an ab-initio approach to nuclear structure. Starting with the NN interaction, that fits two-body scattering and bound state data, and adding a theoretical NNN potential, we evaluate nuclear properties in a no-core approach. For presently feasible no-core model spaces, we evaluate an effective Hamiltonian in a cluster approach which is guaranteed to provide exact answers for sufficiently large model spaces and/or sufficiently large clusters. A number of recent applications are surveyed including an initial application to exotic multiquark systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - HEAVY nuclei
N1  - Accession Number: 15807756; Vary, J.P. 1 Barrett, B.R. 2 Lloyd, R. 1 Navrátil, P. 3 Nogga, A. 4 Ormand, W.E. 3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011  2: Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721  3: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551  4: Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p123; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: HEAVY nuclei; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.146
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dean, D.J.
T1  - Initial results from coupled-cluster theory
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 130
EP  - 134
SN  - 03759474
AB  - I discuss an interesting method for approaching the quantum many-body problem that will be useful for investigating neutron-rich nuclei that will be produced at next-generation nuclear facilities such as the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR structure
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15807757; Dean, D.J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6373 USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p130; Subject Term: CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR structure; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.021
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liddick, S.N.
AU  - Mantica, P.F.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Broda, R.
AU  - Brown, B.A.
AU  - Carpenter, M.P.
AU  - Fornal, B.
AU  - Morton, A.C.
AU  - Mueller, W.F.
AU  - Pavan, J.
AU  - Stolz, A.
AU  - Tabor, S.L.
AU  - Tomlin, B.E.
AU  - Wiedeking, M.
T1  - Tracking the monopole migration of the ν1f5/2 state near the N=32 subshell closure in neutron-rich nuclei above 48Ca
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 140
EP  - 144
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The β decay of neutron-rich nuclei in the π1f7/2 and νpf shells has been studied at the NSCL to track the development of new proposed shell closures at N=32 and 34 due to the monopole migration of the ν1f5/2 orbital. From a measurement of absolute γ-ray intensities following the β decay of odd-odd nuclei, the β-decay branching ratios to levels in the even-even daughters can be deduced. The branching ratios, especially to the 0+ daughter ground state, can be used to assign spins and parities to the parent ground states. The interpretation of these assignments for odd-odd nuclei in a single-particle limit can be used to track the migration of the ν1f5/2 single-particle state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15807759; Liddick, S.N. 1,2 Mantica, P.F. 1,2 Janssens, R.V.F. 3 Broda, R. 4 Brown, B.A. 1,5 Carpenter, M.P. 3 Fornal, B. 4 Morton, A.C. 1 Mueller, W.F. 1 Pavan, J. 6 Stolz, A. 1 Tabor, S.L. 6 Tomlin, B.E. 1,2 Wiedeking, M. 6; Affiliation:  1: National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824  2: Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439  4: Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, PL-31342 Cracow, Poland  5: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824  6: Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p140; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.023
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Geissel, H.
AU  - Litvinov, Yu.A.
AU  - Attallah, F.
AU  - Beckert, K.
AU  - Beller, P.
AU  - Bosch, F.
AU  - Boutin, D.
AU  - Faestermann, T.
AU  - Falch, M.
AU  - Franzke, B.
AU  - Hausmann, M.
AU  - Hellström, M.
AU  - Kaza, E.
AU  - Kerscher, Th.
AU  - Klepper, O.
AU  - Kluge, H.-J.
AU  - Kozhuharov, C.
AU  - Kratz, K.-L.
AU  - Litvinov, S.A.
AU  - Löbner, K.E.G.
T1  - New results with stored exotic nuclei at relativistic energies
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 150
EP  - 155
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Recently, much progress has been made with stored exotic nuclei at relativistic velocities . Fragments of 208Pb and 209Bi projectiles and fission products from 238U ions were produced, separated in flight with the fragment separator FRS, and injected into the storage-cooler ring ESR for precision measurements. 114 new masses of neutron-deficient isotopes in the lead region have been measured with time-resolved Schottky Mass Spectrometry (SMS). A new isospin dependence of the pairing energy was observed due to the improved mass accuracy of typically 1.5×10-7 (30 keV). New masses of short-lived neutron-rich fission fragments have been obtained with Isochronous Mass Spectrometry (IMS). An innovative field of spectroscopy has been opened up with lifetime measurements of stored bare and few-electron fragments after applying both stochastic and electron cooling. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 15807761; Geissel, H. 1,2; Email Address: H.Geissel@gsi.de Litvinov, Yu.A. 1 Attallah, F. 1 Beckert, K. 1 Beller, P. 1 Bosch, F. 1 Boutin, D. 1 Faestermann, T. 3 Falch, M. 4 Franzke, B. 1 Hausmann, M. 5 Hellström, M. 1 Kaza, E. 1 Kerscher, Th. 4 Klepper, O. 1 Kluge, H.-J. 1 Kozhuharov, C. 1 Kratz, K.-L. 6 Litvinov, S.A. 7 Löbner, K.E.G. 4; Affiliation:  1: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung GSI, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany  2: Justus-Liebig Universität, 35392 Giessen, Germany  3: Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany  4: Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany  5: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM87545, U.S.A.  6: Johannes-Gutenberg Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany  7: St. Petersburg State University, 198904 St. Petersburg, Russia; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p150; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.030
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Reed, Claude B.
AU  - Nolen, Jerry A.
AU  - Specht, James R.
AU  - Novick, Vincent J.
AU  - Plotkin, Perry
T1  - A 20 kw beam-on-target test of a high-power liquid lithium target for RIA
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 161
EP  - 165
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The high-power heavy-ion beams produced by the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) driver linac have large energy deposition density in solids and in many cases no solid materials would survive the full beam power. Liquid lithium technology has been proposed to solve this problem in RIA. Specifically, a windowless target for the production of radioactive ions via fragmentation, consisting of a jet of about 3 cm thickness of flowing liquid lithium, exposed to the beamline vacuum [1,2] is being developed. To demonstrate that power densities equivalent to a 200-kW RIA uranium beam, deposited in the first 4 mm of a flowing lithium jet, can be handled by the windowless target design, a high power 1 MeV Dynamitron was leased and a test stand prepared to demonstrate the target''s capability of absorbing and carrying away a 20kW heat load without disrupting either the 5 mm × 10 mm flowing lithium jet target or the beam line vacuum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - ALKALI metals
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 15807763; Reed, Claude B. 1 Nolen, Jerry A. 2 Specht, James R. 2 Novick, Vincent J. 1 Plotkin, Perry 3; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  3: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p161; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: ALKALI metals; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.127
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Thomas, J.S.
AU  - Bardayan, D.W.
AU  - Blackmon, J.C.
AU  - Cizewski, J.A.
AU  - Greife, U.
AU  - Gross, C.J.
AU  - Johnson, M.S.
AU  - Jones, K.L.
AU  - Kozub, R.L.
AU  - Liang, J.F.
AU  - Livesay, R.J.
AU  - Ma, Z.
AU  - Moazen, B.H.
AU  - Nesaraja, C.D.
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Smith, M.S.
T1  - Studies of the neutron single-particle structure of exotic nuclei at the HRIBF
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 178
EP  - 182
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The study of neutron single-particle strengths in neutron-rich nuclei is of interest for nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics. The distribution of single-particle strengths constrains the effective Hamiltonian and pairing interactions and determines neutron interaction rates that are crucial for understanding the synthesis of heavy nuclei in supernovae via the rapid neutron capture process. Particularly important are the neutron single-particle levels in nuclei near closed neutron shells. Radioactive ion beams from the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility have been used to study (d,p) reactions in inverse kinematics in order to probe neutron single-particle states in exotic nuclei. The results of a measurement with a 82Ge beam will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 15807766; Thomas, J.S. 1 Bardayan, D.W. 2 Blackmon, J.C. 2 Cizewski, J.A. 1 Greife, U. 3 Gross, C.J. 2 Johnson, M.S. 1 Jones, K.L. 1 Kozub, R.L. 4 Liang, J.F. 2 Livesay, R.J. 3 Ma, Z. 5 Moazen, B.H. 4 Nesaraja, C.D. 4 Shapira, D. 2 Smith, M.S. 2; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903  2: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  3: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401  4: Physics Department, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505  5: Physics Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p178; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.032
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chang, S.-Y.
AU  - Morales, J.
AU  - Pandharipande, V.R.
AU  - Ravenhall, D.G.
AU  - Carlson, J.
AU  - Pieper, Steven C.
AU  - Wiringa, R.B.
AU  - Schmidt, K.E.
T1  - Neutron matter: a superfluid gas
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 215
EP  - 221
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We review recent progress in the theory of neutron matter with particular emphasis on its superfluid properties. Results of quantum Monte Carlo calculations of simple and realistic models of uniform superfluid neutron gas are discussed along with those of neutrons interacting in a potential well chosen to approximate neutron-rich oxygen isotopes. The properties of dilute superfluid Fermi gases that may be produced in atom traps, and their relations with neutron matter, are illustrated. The density dependence of the effective interaction between neutrons, used to describe neutron-rich systems with the mean field approximations, is also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - ELECTRON gas
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15807773; Chang, S.-Y. 1 Morales, J. 1 Pandharipande, V.R. 1 Ravenhall, D.G. 1 Carlson, J. 2 Pieper, Steven C. 3 Wiringa, R.B. 3 Schmidt, K.E. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801  2: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545  3: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p215; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: ELECTRON gas; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.119
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15807773&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lee, I.Y.
AU  - Clark, R.M.
AU  - Cromaz, M.
AU  - Deleplanque, M.A.
AU  - Descovich, M.
AU  - Diamond, R.M.
AU  - Fallon, P.
AU  - Macchiavelli, A.O.
AU  - Stephens, F.S.
AU  - Ward, D.
T1  - GRETINA: A gamma ray energy tracking array
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 255
EP  - 259
SN  - 03759474
AB  - A gamma-ray energy tracking array (GRETA) is a new concept for the detection of gamma radiation. In such an array, the individual interactions of all the gamma rays are identified by their energies and positions. Then, using tracking algorithms based on the properties of gamma ray interactions, the scattering sequences are reconstructed. GRETA will give high peak efficiency, peak-to-background ratio, and position resolution. Recent research and development efforts have demonstrated that the construction of a gamma ray tracking array is feasible, and a plan for constructing a US array GRETINA is in place. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
N1  - Accession Number: 15807779; Lee, I.Y. 1 Clark, R.M. 1 Cromaz, M. 1 Deleplanque, M.A. 1 Descovich, M. 1 Diamond, R.M. 1 Fallon, P. 1 Macchiavelli, A.O. 1 Stephens, F.S. 1 Ward, D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley CA, 94720; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p255; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.038
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wuosmaa, A.H.
AU  - Al Tahtamouni, T.
AU  - Schiffer, J.P.
T1  - A solenoidal transport device for transfer reactions in inverse kinematics
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 267
EP  - 271
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We propose a new scheme for the study of few-particle-transfer reactions in inverse kinematics built around a high-field magnetic solenoid. This device has significant advantages over more conventional approaches for studying such reactions. These techniques are likely to be important at RIA, for a wide class of reactions that must be carried out in inverse kinematics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLENOIDS
KW  - MAGNETS
KW  - KINEMATICS
KW  - MATHEMATICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15807781; Wuosmaa, A.H. 1 Al Tahtamouni, T. 1 Schiffer, J.P. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo MI, 49008-5252 USA  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p267; Subject Term: SOLENOIDS; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: KINEMATICS; Subject Term: MATHEMATICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.039
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winter, W.T.
AU  - Rehm, K.E.
AU  - Jiang, C.L.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Freedman, S.J.
AU  - Greene, J.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Henderson, D.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Moore, E.F.
AU  - Mukherjee, G.
AU  - Pardo, R.C.
AU  - Paul, M.
AU  - Pennington, T.
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Schiffer, J.P.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Zinkann, G.
T1  - Determination of the 8B neutrino spectrum
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 311
EP  - 315
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We have measured the total energy of the alpha particles emitted following the beta-decay of 8B. The alpha particle energy spectrum is used to infer the shape of the 8B neutrino spectrum, which is an important input in the interpretation of experiments which detect energetic neutrinos from the Sun. The alpha-spectrum was measured with a new technique which involved the implantation of a beam of 8B ions into the mid-plane of a 91 μm thick planar Si detector, allowing both of the decay alpha particles to be observed in the same detector. Calibration was performed by implanting a beam of 20Na ions, which provide alpha lines in the energy region of interest. The experimental results are compared with a previous precision measurement of the alpha spectrum, and are found to disagree. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ALPHA rays
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - PROTONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15807790; Winter, W.T. 1 Rehm, K.E. 2 Jiang, C.L. 2 Ahmad, I. 2 Freedman, S.J. 1 Greene, J. 2 Heinz, A. 2 Henderson, D. 2 Janssens, R.V.F. 2 Moore, E.F. 2 Mukherjee, G. 2 Pardo, R.C. 2 Paul, M. 3 Pennington, T. 2 Savard, G. 2 Schiffer, J.P. 2 Seweryniak, D. 2 Zinkann, G. 2; Affiliation:  1: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL  3: Hebrew University, Jerusalem; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p311; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ALPHA rays; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: PROTONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.029
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15807790&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Clark, J.A.
AU  - Barber, R.C.
AU  - Blank, B.
AU  - Boudreau, C.
AU  - Buchinger, F.
AU  - Crawford, J.E.
AU  - Gulick, S.
AU  - Hardy, J.C.
AU  - Heinz, A.
AU  - Lee, J.K.P.
AU  - Levand, A.F.
AU  - Moore, R.B.
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Seweryniak, D.
AU  - Sharma, K.S.
AU  - Sprouse, G.D.
AU  - Trimble, W.
AU  - Vaz, J.
AU  - Wang, J.C.
AU  - Zhou, Z.
T1  - Precise mass measurements of astrophysical interest made with the Canadian Penning trap mass spectrometer
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 342
EP  - 346
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The processes responsible for the creation of elements more massive than iron are not well understood. Possible production mechanisms involve the rapid capture of protons (rp-process) or the rapid capture of neutrons (r-process), which are thought to occur in explosive astrophysical events such as novae, x-ray bursts, and supernovae. Mass measurements of the nuclides involved with uncertainties on the order of 100 keV or better are critical to determine the process ‘paths’, the energy output of the events, and the resulting nuclide abundances. Particularly important are the masses of ‘waiting-point’ nuclides along the rp-process path where the process stalls until the subsequent β decay of the nuclides. This paper will discuss the precise mass measurements made of isotopes along the rp-process and r-process paths using the Canadian Penning Trap mass spectrometer, including the mass of the critical waiting-point nuclide 68Se. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - ATOMS
N1  - Accession Number: 15807795; Clark, J.A. 1,2; Email Address: jclark@physics.umanitoba.ca Barber, R.C. 1 Blank, B. 2 Boudreau, C. 2,3 Buchinger, F. 3 Crawford, J.E. 3 Gulick, S. 3 Hardy, J.C. 4 Heinz, A. 2 Lee, J.K.P. 3 Levand, A.F. 2 Moore, R.B. 3 Savard, G. 2 Seweryniak, D. 2 Sharma, K.S. 1 Sprouse, G.D. 5 Trimble, W. 2 Vaz, J. 1,2 Wang, J.C. 1,2 Zhou, Z. 2; Affiliation:  1: Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada  2: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA  3: Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8 Canada  4: Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA  5: Physics Department, SUNY, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p342; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: ATOMS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.051
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15807795&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rehm, K.E.
AU  - Jiang, C.L.
AU  - Greene, J.P.
AU  - Henderson, D.
AU  - Janssens, R.V.F.
AU  - Moore, E.F.
AU  - Mukherjee, G.
AU  - Pardo, R.C.
AU  - Pennington, T.
AU  - Schiffer, J.P.
AU  - Sinha, S.
AU  - Tang, X.D.
AU  - Siemssen, R.H.
AU  - Jisonna, L.
AU  - Segel, R.E.
AU  - Wuosmaa, A.H.
T1  - First studies of the 8B(α,p)11C reaction
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 354
EP  - 358
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The 8B(α,p)11C reaction is part of the network that can bypass the triple α process leading to the production of 12C. We have measured the astrophysical reaction rate for this reaction by studying the inverse 11C(p,α)8B process. The radioactive 11C beam was produced via the p(11B,11C)n reaction using the in-flight facility at the ATLAS accelerator. The astrophysical reaction rate obtained from the excitation function measured in the energy range Ex=8.8-10 MeV was found to be a factor of 10-50 higher than previous estimates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - CHEMICAL affinity
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ASTRODYNAMICS
N1  - Accession Number: 15807797; Rehm, K.E. 1 Jiang, C.L. 1 Greene, J.P. 1 Henderson, D. 1 Janssens, R.V.F. 1 Moore, E.F. 1 Mukherjee, G. 1 Pardo, R.C. 1 Pennington, T. 1 Schiffer, J.P. 1 Sinha, S. 1 Tang, X.D. 1 Siemssen, R.H. 2 Jisonna, L. 3 Segel, R.E. 3 Wuosmaa, A.H. 4; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: KVI Groningen, The Netherlands  3: Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA  4: University of Western Michigan, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p354; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: CHEMICAL affinity; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ASTRODYNAMICS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.052
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15807797&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Blackmon, J.C.
AU  - Bardayan, D.W.
AU  - Brune, C.R.
AU  - Carstoiu, F.
AU  - Champagne, A.E.
AU  - Crespo, R.
AU  - Davinson, T.
AU  - Fernandes, J.C.
AU  - Gagliardi, C.A.
AU  - Greife, U.
AU  - Gross, C.J.
AU  - Hausladen, P.A.
AU  - Iliadis, C.
AU  - Jewett, C.C.
AU  - Kozub, R.L.
AU  - Lewis, T.A.
AU  - Liang, F.
AU  - Moazen, B.H.
AU  - Mukhamedzhanov, A.M.
AU  - Nesaraja, C.D.
T1  - The 17F(p, γ)18Ne direct capture cross section
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 365
EP  - 369
SN  - 03759474
N1  - Accession Number: 15807799; Blackmon, J.C. 1 Bardayan, D.W. 1 Brune, C.R. 2 Carstoiu, F. 3 Champagne, A.E. 4 Crespo, R. 5 Davinson, T. 6 Fernandes, J.C. 5 Gagliardi, C.A. 7 Greife, U. 8 Gross, C.J. 1 Hausladen, P.A. 1 Iliadis, C. 4 Jewett, C.C. 8 Kozub, R.L. 9 Lewis, T.A. 1 Liang, F. 1 Moazen, B.H. 9 Mukhamedzhanov, A.M. 7 Nesaraja, C.D. 9; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  2: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio Univ., Athens, OH 45701  3: Institute of Atomic Physics, Bucharest, Romania  4: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599  5: Dept. de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal  6: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK  7: Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843  8: Dept. of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401  9: Physics Dept., Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN 38505; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p365; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.054
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jiang, C.L.
AU  - Back, B.B.
AU  - Nolen, J.
AU  - Rehm, K.E.
AU  - Savard, G.
T1  - The influence of secondary reactions in the wedge of a magnetic separator at RIA
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 403
EP  - 406
SN  - 03759474
N1  - Accession Number: 15807807; Jiang, C.L. 1 Back, B.B. 1 Nolen, J. 1 Rehm, K.E. 1 Savard, G. 1; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p403; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.142
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Trimble, W.
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Blank, B.
AU  - Clark, J.A.
AU  - Buchinger, F.
AU  - Cocolios, T.
AU  - Crawford, J.E.
AU  - Frankel, A.
AU  - Greene, J.P.
AU  - Gulick, S.
AU  - Lee, J.K.P.
AU  - Levand, A.
AU  - Portillo, M.
AU  - Sharma, K.S.
AU  - Wang, J.C.
AU  - Zabransky, B.J.
AU  - Zhou, Z.
T1  - Development and first on-line tests of the RIA gas catcher prototype
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 415
EP  - 418
SN  - 03759474
AB  - A new approach to the production of low energy radioactive beams involves the stopping of fast beams produced by fragmentation or in-flight fission in a large gas catcher where the reaction products are thermalized in high-purity helium and extracted as singly charged ions for post-acceleration. This removes the limitation present in standard ISOL techniques for species that are difficult to extract from the target/ion source assembly. This approach will be implemented in the RIA facility. The demonstration of this new technology is a key R&D goal for RIA and a full scale prototype was constructed and tested, both off-line and on-line, at the ATLAS facility at Argonne. The basic operating principles, techniques used for the construction, and results obtained in off-line and on-line tests are presented. The large gas catcher prototype has now been transported to GSI, where fragmentation products at the full RIA energy are available, for its final test. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NOBLE gases
KW  - IONS
KW  - MATTER -- Properties
KW  - HELIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 15807811; Trimble, W. 1 Savard, G. 1,2 Blank, B. 1 Clark, J.A. 1,3 Buchinger, F. 4 Cocolios, T. 1 Crawford, J.E. 4 Frankel, A. 1 Greene, J.P. 1 Gulick, S. 4 Lee, J.K.P. 4 Levand, A. 1 Portillo, M. 5 Sharma, K.S. 3 Wang, J.C. 3 Zabransky, B.J. 1 Zhou, Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada  4: Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada  5: GSI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p415; Subject Term: NOBLE gases; Subject Term: IONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Properties; Subject Term: HELIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.110
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Greene, J.P.
AU  - Levand, A.
AU  - Nolen, J.
AU  - Burtseva, T.
T1  - Uranium carbide fission target R&D for RIA - an update
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 425
EP  - 428
SN  - 03759474
AB  - For the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) facility, ISOL targets employing refractory compounds of uranium are being developed to produce radioactive ions for post-acceleration. The availability of refractory uranium compounds in forms that have good thermal conductivity, relatively high density, and adequate release properties for short-lived isotopes remains an important issue. Investigations using commercially obtained uranium carbide material and prepared into targets involving various binder materials have been carried out at ANL. Thin sample pellets have been produced for measurements of thermal conductivity using a new method based on electron bombardment with the thermal radiation observed using a two-color optical pyrometer and performed on samples as a function of grain size, pressing pressure and sintering temperature. Manufacture of uranium carbide powder has now been achieved at ANL. Simulations have been carried out on the thermal behavior of the secondary target assembly incorporating various heat shield configurations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ISOTOPES
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - URANIUM
N1  - Accession Number: 15807813; Greene, J.P. 1 Levand, A. 1 Nolen, J. 1 Burtseva, T. 2; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division  2: Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p425; Subject Term: ISOTOPES; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: URANIUM; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.130
UR  - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=15807813&site=ehost-live&scope=site
DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mustapha, B.
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
AU  - Gomes, I.C.
T1  - Simulation of effusion from targets of tilted foils
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 437
EP  - 440
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Replacing a target transverse to the beam by a 10 times thinner one tilted at about 6o from the beam direction reduces the thickness for heat transfer and diffusion by a factor of 10 while keeping the same production thickness. This concept makes the target cool faster and therefore supports higher beam power. Monte-Carlo effusion simulations of targets based on this concept were carried out to find optimum target geometries for both fast and slow diffusion materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - EXUDATES & transudates
KW  - DIFFUSION
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - EUCLID'S elements
N1  - Accession Number: 15807816; Mustapha, B. 1; Email Address: mustapha@phy.anl.gov Nolen, J.A. 1 Gomes, I.C. 2; Affiliation:  1: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: I. C. Gomes Consulting & Investment Inc, Naperville, IL 60564, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p437; Subject Term: EXUDATES & transudates; Subject Term: DIFFUSION; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: EUCLID'S elements; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.150
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vinogradov, N.Y.
AU  - Nolen, J.A.
AU  - Ostroumov, P.N.
AU  - Shepard, K.W.
T1  - Development of a low charge-to-mass ratio injector for a RIB linac
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 445
EP  - 448
SN  - 03759474
AB  - A post-accelerator for rare isotopes (RIB linac) which must produce high-quality beams of radioactive ions over the full mass range, including uranium, at energies above the coulomb barrier is being developed for the U.S. RIA Facility. The linac will accept all ions in the 1+ charge state to provide the highest possible intensity of rare isotopes with masses from 6 to 240. A high-resolution separator to purify beams at the isobaric level precedes the RIB linac. Charge stripping in the linac takes place at two stages: helium gas stripping at 7 keV/u for masses below 132 and 22 keV/u for higher masses, and an additional foil stripping at ∼ 1.1-2.0 MeV/u for the heavier ions. Most of the accelerating voltage in the RIB linac is provided by superconducting resonators. A very-low-charge-state injector, which is needed for the first ∼ 9 MV of the accelerator, will be based on room temperature accelerating structures. This section consists of a pre-buncher followed by three sections of cw RFQ. The first section is a split-coaxial RFQ operating at 12 MHz. The following two sections are hybrid RFQs (H-RFQ) operating at 12 and 24 MHz. A 1:2 scale cold model of the 12 MHz H-RFQ has been built and studied, and has resulted in the development of final specifications for the construction of the full power 12 MHz H-RFQ. Economic design of the RFQs calls for three different types of resonant structures. This paper reports on the present status of the injector design including beam optics and studies of resonant structures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - URANIUM
KW  - ACTINIDE elements
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 15807818; Vinogradov, N.Y. 1; Email Address: vinogradov@phy.anl.gov Nolen, J.A. 1 Ostroumov, P.N. 1 Shepard, K.W. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p445; Subject Term: URANIUM; Subject Term: ACTINIDE elements; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry); NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 213119 Other support activities for mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.131
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Alton, G.D.
T1  - Beam generation at next generation RIB facilities: conceptual design studies
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 449
EP  - 452
SN  - 03759474
AB  - In order to produce useful intensities of radioactive ion beams, ISOL targets must be designed that can withstand direct irradiation with high power beams. Computational thermal modeling techniques offer a cost effective way for evaluating prototype target concepts in the quest to find an optimum design. In this report, a number of codes are utilized to select target materials and to model the primary beam power density, thermal transport and temperature distributions in ISOL targets. These studies suggest that radiation cooling, in combination with Lissajous beam scan techniques, can be used to control temperatures in practically sized targets, to levels commensurate with irradiation with 1-GeV, 400-kW proton beams for next generation RIB facilities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - IRRADIATION
KW  - RADIATION
KW  - COST effectiveness
KW  - TEMPERATURE
N1  - Accession Number: 15807819; Zhang, Y. Alton, G.D. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p449; Subject Term: IRRADIATION; Subject Term: RADIATION; Subject Term: COST effectiveness; Subject Term: TEMPERATURE; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.061
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gomes, Itacil C.
AU  - Nolen, Jerry
AU  - Reed, Claude
T1  - The use of electron beam in RIA R&D
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 453
EP  - 456
SN  - 03759474
AB  - This paper discusses two electron beam applications for the RIA (Rare Isotope Accelerator) R&D. The first is for simulating energy deposition of heavy ions on lithium jets. The peak energy deposition for a 400-kW uranium beam will be 4 MW/cm3. Calculations have shown that a 1-MeV electron beam with 40mA of current has a peak energy deposition about 4 MW/cm3 making it suitable to mimic the thermal response of lithium jet at that uranium beam heat load. The second application of electron beams for RIA R&D, discussed in this paper, is the use of low energy electron beam as a diagnosis tool for on-line monitoring of thickness variations of thin foils or thin jets. Thin foils can be corroded and jets might experience instabilities that can compromise their functionality. Low energy electron beams can be used to detect any change in thickness enabling a continuous on-line monitoring of the thin film being monitored. Calculations have indicated that variations in lithium jet thicknesses at the micron level can easily be detected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRON beams
KW  - ELECTRON optics
KW  - LITHIUM
KW  - THIN films
N1  - Accession Number: 15807820; Gomes, Itacil C. 1 Nolen, Jerry 2 Reed, Claude 2; Affiliation:  1: I.C.Gomes Consulting & Investment Inc., 1728 Killdeer Dr., Naperville, IL, USA  2: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p453; Subject Term: ELECTRON beams; Subject Term: ELECTRON optics; Subject Term: LITHIUM; Subject Term: THIN films; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212398 All other non-metallic mineral mining and quarrying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.132
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Beene, J.R.
AU  - Varner, R.L.
AU  - Baktash, C.
AU  - Galindo-Uribarri, A.
AU  - Gross, C.J.
AU  - Gomez del Campo, J.
AU  - Halbert, M.L.
AU  - Hausladen, P.A.
AU  - Larochelle, Y.
AU  - Liang, J.F.
AU  - Mas, J.
AU  - Mueller, P.E.
AU  - Padilla-Rodal, E.
AU  - Radford, D.C.
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Stracener, D.W.
AU  - Urrego-Blanco, J.-P.
AU  - Yu, C.-H.
T1  - Coulomb excitation studies of 132,134Sn
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 471
EP  - 474
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We have measured the B(E;0+ → 2+) for the first excited 2+ states in the double-closed shell nucleus 132Sn and the two-neutron nucleus 134Sn. The results, based on a preliminary analysis are shown in Fig. 1 along with measurements on the stable Sn isotopes, and earlier results on 126,128,130Sn . The experimental setup developed for the 132,134Sn measurements was also employed in a successful measurement of B(E;0+ → 2+) for the closed-neutron-shell nucleus 82Ge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - COULOMB excitation
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - NEUTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15807824; Beene, J.R. 1 Varner, R.L. 1 Baktash, C. 1 Galindo-Uribarri, A. 1 Gross, C.J. 1 Gomez del Campo, J. 1 Halbert, M.L. 2 Hausladen, P.A. 2 Larochelle, Y. 3 Liang, J.F. 2 Mas, J. 1 Mueller, P.E. 1 Padilla-Rodal, E. 2,4 Radford, D.C. 1 Shapira, D. 1 Stracener, D.W. 1 Urrego-Blanco, J.-P. 3 Yu, C.-H. 1; Affiliation:  1: HRIBF, Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  2: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA  4: nstituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, 04510, D.F., Mexico; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p471; Subject Term: COULOMB excitation; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.143
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Romoli, M.
AU  - Mazzocco, M.
AU  - Vardaci, E.
AU  - Di Pietro, M.
AU  - Bonetti, R.
AU  - De Francesco, A.
AU  - De Rosa, A.
AU  - Glodariu, T.
AU  - Guglielmetti, A.
AU  - Inglima, G.
AU  - La Commara, M.
AU  - Martin, B.
AU  - Pierroutsakou, D.
AU  - Sandoli, M.
AU  - Scopel, P.
AU  - Signorini, C.
AU  - Soramel, F.
AU  - Stroe, L.
AU  - Greene, J.
AU  - Heinz, A.
T1  - Elastic scattering of 17F on 208Pb and 17F breakup cross section at Coulomb barrier energies
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 522
EP  - 525
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We have studied the elastic scattering of the exotic 17F nuclei from 208Pb at Coulomb barrier energies. For the measurement we used a new detector array with pixel structure and a large solid angle. Optical potential analysis shows that 17F has an imaginary potential much less deep than 19F. Information on the exclusive 17F breakup cross section has been deduced too. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELASTIC scattering
KW  - SCATTERING (Physics)
KW  - COULOMB excitation
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
N1  - Accession Number: 15807836; Romoli, M. 1 Mazzocco, M. 2 Vardaci, E. 1 Di Pietro, M. 1 Bonetti, R. 3 De Francesco, A. 1 De Rosa, A. 1 Glodariu, T. 2,4 Guglielmetti, A. 3 Inglima, G. 1 La Commara, M. 1 Martin, B. 1 Pierroutsakou, D. 1 Sandoli, M. 1 Scopel, P. 2 Signorini, C. 2 Soramel, F. 5 Stroe, L. 4 Greene, J. 6 Heinz, A. 6; Affiliation:  1: Physics Department and INFN, I-80125 Napoli, Italy  2: Physics Department and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy  3: General Physics Institute and INFN, I-20133 Milano, Italy  4: INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy  5: Physics Department and INFN, I-33100 Udine, Italy  6: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p522; Subject Term: ELASTIC scattering; Subject Term: SCATTERING (Physics); Subject Term: COULOMB excitation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.085
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bardayan, D.W.
AU  - Blackmon, J.C.
AU  - Gómez del Campo, J.
AU  - Kozub, R.L.
AU  - Liang, J.F.
AU  - Ma, Z.
AU  - Shapira, D.
AU  - Smith, M.S.
T1  - Studies of the 18F(p,α)15O reaction rate with a 18F beam at the HRIBF
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 557
EP  - 560
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The rates of the 18F(p,α)15O and 18F(p,γ)19Ne reactions at T = 0.1-0.4 GK are necessary to understand the emission of positron-annihilation gamma rays expected from novae. Observations of such gamma rays by space-based telescopes would provide direct tests of nova models. These rates, however, are uncertain because of the unknown level structure of 19Ne above the 18F+p threshold. Missing levels in 19Ne were searched for by stopping a 24-MeV 18F beam in a thick polypropylene target, and scattered protons were detected in a silicon-strip detector. The 18F(p,p)18F excitation function has been measured from Ec.m. = 0.3 - 1.3 MeV covering most energies of astrophysical interest, and a significant discrepancy was observed with a recent compilation of 19Ne resonance parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
KW  - GAMMA rays
KW  - RESONANCE
N1  - Accession Number: 15807843; Bardayan, D.W. 1 Blackmon, J.C. 1 Gómez del Campo, J. 1 Kozub, R.L. 2 Liang, J.F. 1 Ma, Z. 3 Shapira, D. 1 Smith, M.S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831  2: Physics Dept., Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN 38505  3: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p557; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: ELECTROMAGNETIC waves; Subject Term: GAMMA rays; Subject Term: RESONANCE; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.089
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Michael S.
AU  - Hix, W. Raphael
AU  - Parete-Koon, Suzanne
AU  - Dessieux, Luc
AU  - Ma, Zhanwen
AU  - Starrfield, Sumner
AU  - Bardayan, Daniel W.
AU  - Guidry, Michael W.
AU  - Smith, Donald L.
AU  - Blackmon, Jeffery C.
AU  - Mezzacappa, Anthony
T1  - Element synthesis calculations for stellar explosions: robust uncertainties, sensitivities, and radioactive ion beam measurements
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 565
EP  - 568
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We utilize multiple-zone, post-processing element synthesis calculations to determine the impact of recent ORNL radioactive ion beam measurements on predictions of novae and X-ray burst simulations. We also assess the correlations between all relevant reaction rates and all synthesized isotopes, and translate nuclear reaction rate uncertainties into abundance prediction uncertainties, via a unique Monte Carlo technique. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ION bombardment
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
KW  - COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 15807845; Smith, Michael S. 1 Hix, W. Raphael 1,2 Parete-Koon, Suzanne 2 Dessieux, Luc 2 Ma, Zhanwen 1,2 Starrfield, Sumner 3 Bardayan, Daniel W. 1 Guidry, Michael W. 1,2 Smith, Donald L. 4 Blackmon, Jeffery C. 1 Mezzacappa, Anthony 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  2: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN  3: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ  4: Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p565; Subject Term: ION bombardment; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Subject Term: COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR reactions; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.091
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, Michael S.
AU  - Meyer, Richard A.
AU  - Bardayan, Daniel W.
AU  - Blackmon, Jeffery C.
AU  - Chae, Kyungyuk
AU  - Guidry, Michael W.
AU  - Hix, W. Raphael
AU  - Kozub, R.L.
AU  - Lingerfelt, Eric J.
AU  - Ma, Zhanwen
AU  - Scott, Jason P.
T1  - Nuclear data on unstable nuclei for astrophysics
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 569
EP  - 572
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Recent measurements with radioactive beams at ORNL''s Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) have prompted the evaluation of a number of reactions involving unstable nuclei needed for stellar explosion studies. We discuss these evaluations, as well as the development of a new computational infrastructure to enable the rapid incorporation of the latest nuclear physics results in astrophysics models. This infrastructure includes programs that simplify the generation of reaction rates, manage rate databases, and visualize reaction rates, all hosted at a new website http://www.nucastrodata.org. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ASTROPHYSICS
KW  - ASTRONOMY
KW  - CHEMICAL kinetics
N1  - Accession Number: 15807846; Smith, Michael S. 1 Meyer, Richard A. 2 Bardayan, Daniel W. 1 Blackmon, Jeffery C. 1 Chae, Kyungyuk 1,3 Guidry, Michael W. 1,3 Hix, W. Raphael 1,3 Kozub, R.L. 4 Lingerfelt, Eric J. 1,3 Ma, Zhanwen 1,3 Scott, Jason P. 1,3; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN  2: RAME' Inc., Teaticket, MA  3: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN  4: Physics Dept., Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p569; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ASTROPHYSICS; Subject Term: ASTRONOMY; Subject Term: CHEMICAL kinetics; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.092
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barrett, B.R.
AU  - Navrátil, P.
AU  - Nogga, A.
AU  - Ormand, W.E.
AU  - Vary, J.P.
T1  - No-core shell-model calculations in light nuclei with three-nucleon forces
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 579
EP  - 582
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The ab initio No-Core Shell Model (NCSM) has recently been expanded to include nucleon-nucleon (NN) and three-nucleon (3N) interactions at the three-body cluster level. Here it is used to predict binding energies and spectra of p-shell nuclei based on realistic NN and 3N interactions. First results show that NN plus 3N interactions based on chiral perturbation theory lead to a realistic description of 6Li. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR energy
KW  - NUCLEON-nucleon scattering
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15807848; Barrett, B.R. 1 Navrátil, P. 2 Nogga, A. 3 Ormand, W.E. 2 Vary, J.P. 4; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, P.O. Box 210081, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721  2: University of Calfornia, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551  3: Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Physics/Astronomy Building, Box 351550, Seattle, WA 98195  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p579; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR energy; Subject Term: NUCLEON-nucleon scattering; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; NAICS/Industry Codes: 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.137
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Terasaki, J.
T1  - QRPA study of low-lying 2+ states of even-even nuclei in neutron-rich Sn and Ni region
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 583
EP  - 586
SN  - 03759474
AB  - We calculate energies E2+ and transition strengths  of the lowest 2+ states of even Te, Sn and Ni isotopes in a neutron-rich region, using quasiparticle random phase approximation with simple separable type interactions. With those calculations reproducing the experimental systematics very well, we discuss, first, an unusual relation of E2+ and  of 132, 136Te isotopes, which does not follow an empirical formula . Second,  of 132Sn is discussed which is larger than those of the neighboring even Sn. This is a phenomenon confirmed by an experiment very recently. Third, we point out that the small  of 68Ni is due to fragmentation of the transition strength into some excited states in a low-energy region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NEUTRONS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLIDES
N1  - Accession Number: 15807849; Terasaki, J. 1,2,3; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA  2: Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA  3: Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p583; Subject Term: NEUTRONS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.094
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Morel, P.
AU  - Daugas, J.M.
AU  - Gosselin, G.
AU  - Méot, V.
AU  - Gogny, D.
T1  - Nuclear excitation by electronic processes: NEEC and NEET effects
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 608
EP  - 612
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The nuclear excitation by electron capture (NEEC) and nuclear excitation by electronic transition (NEET), and related de-excitation, are two important electromagnetic processes to modify the nuclear state populations. In this paper, we present, on one hand, an experiment, accepted at GANIL (France) in September 2004, to measure the NEEC effect with a fully stripped 57Fe ion beam and, on the other hand, a complete calculation leading to the NEET rate of the first excited state of the 235U in a local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) plasma. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR excitation
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics)
KW  - ION bombardment
N1  - Accession Number: 15807854; Morel, P. 1 Daugas, J.M. 1 Gosselin, G. 1 Méot, V. 1 Gogny, D. 2; Affiliation:  1: Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique, Service de Physique Nucléaire, Boite Postale 12, 91680 Bruyères–le–Châtel, France  2: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p608; Subject Term: NUCLEAR excitation; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics); Subject Term: ION bombardment; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.097
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nassar, H.
AU  - Ghelberg, S.
AU  - Paul, M.
AU  - Dababneh, S.
AU  - Heil, M.
AU  - Käppeler, F.
AU  - Plag, R.
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Greene, J.P.
AU  - Henderson, D.J.
AU  - Jiang, C.L.
AU  - Pardo, R.C.
AU  - Pennington, T.
AU  - Rehm, K.E.
AU  - Scott, R.
AU  - Sinha, S.
AU  - Tang, X.
AU  - Vondrasek, R.
AU  - Koivisto, H.
AU  - Berkovits, D.
T1  - Production and isobaric separation of 63Ni ions for determination of the 62Ni(n,γ)63Ni reaction cross section at stellar temperatures
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 613
EP  - 616
SN  - 03759474
N1  - Accession Number: 15807855; Nassar, H. 1 Ghelberg, S. 1 Paul, M. 1 Dababneh, S. 2 Heil, M. 2 Käppeler, F. 2 Plag, R. 2 Ahmad, I. 3 Greene, J.P. 3 Henderson, D.J. 3 Jiang, C.L. 3 Pardo, R.C. 3 Pennington, T. 3 Rehm, K.E. 3 Scott, R. 3 Sinha, S. 3 Tang, X. 3 Vondrasek, R. 3 Koivisto, H. 4 Berkovits, D. 5; Affiliation:  1: Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 91904  2: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Institut für Kernphysik, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany  3: Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: University of Jyvaskyla, FIN-40351, Finland  5: Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p613; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.140
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Smith, M.B.
AU  - Walker, P.M.
AU  - Chakrawarthy, R.S.
AU  - Austin, R.A.E.
AU  - Ball, G.C.
AU  - Carroll, J.J.
AU  - Cunningham, E.
AU  - Finlay, P.
AU  - Garrett, P.E.
AU  - Grinyer, G.F.
AU  - Hackman, G.
AU  - Hyland, B.
AU  - Koopmans, K.
AU  - Kulp, W.D.
AU  - Leslie, J.R.
AU  - Phillips, A.A.
AU  - Propri, R.
AU  - Regan, P.H.
AU  - Sarazin, F.
AU  - Schumaker, M.A.
T1  - Studies of high-K isomers at TRIUMF-ISAC
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 617
EP  - 620
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The properties of high-K isomers have been investigated by measuring γ rays from a source of the 31-year 178Hfm2 isomer and from the decay of implanted 178, 179Lu beams. Low-intensity transitions have been identified in the decay of 178Hfm2, demonstrating a consistent extension of K-hindrance systematics to higher multipolarities, and elucidating the spin-dependence of the mixing between the two Kπ = 8- bands. A search is underway for new isomers in 178, 179Lu and the preliminary results of the analysis are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NUCLEAR isomers
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
N1  - Accession Number: 15807856; Smith, M.B. 1 Walker, P.M. 1,2 Chakrawarthy, R.S. 1 Austin, R.A.E. 3 Ball, G.C. 1 Carroll, J.J. 4 Cunningham, E. 1,2 Finlay, P. 5 Garrett, P.E. 6 Grinyer, G.F. 5 Hackman, G. 1 Hyland, B. 5 Koopmans, K. 1,3 Kulp, W.D. 7 Leslie, J.R. 8 Phillips, A.A. 5 Propri, R. 4 Regan, P.H. 2 Sarazin, F. 1 Schumaker, M.A. 5; Affiliation:  1: TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada  2: Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK  3: Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada  4: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Youngstown State University, Ohio, USA  5: Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada  6: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA  7: School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA  8: Physics Department, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p617; Subject Term: NUCLEAR isomers; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.101
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, J.C.
AU  - Savard, G.
AU  - Sharma, K.S.
AU  - Clark, J.A.
AU  - Zhou, Z.
AU  - Levand, A.F.
AU  - Boudreau, C.
AU  - Buchinger, F.
AU  - Crawford, J.E.
AU  - Greene, J.P.
AU  - Gulick, S.
AU  - Lee, J.K.P.
AU  - Sprouse, G.D.
AU  - Trimble, W.
AU  - Vaz, J.
AU  - Zabransky, B.Z.
T1  - The Canadian Penning Trap mass spectrometer
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 651
EP  - 654
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The Canadian Penning Trap (CPT) mass spectrometer located at the ATLAS facility of Argonne National Laboratory is an online Penning trap system used for mass measurements of high accuracy on short-lived isotopes. It uses a gas catcher as a novel way to transform radioactive ions efficiently from different sources into cooled beams which are injected into ion traps for further preparation and measurement. The CPT has recently been successfully used to make precise mass measurements on over 40 neutron-rich and neutron-deficient radioactive nuclides related to astrophysical processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - MASS spectrometers
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments
KW  - NUCLIDES
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15807864; Wang, J.C. 1 Savard, G. 1 Sharma, K.S. 2 Clark, J.A. 2 Zhou, Z. 1 Levand, A.F. 1 Boudreau, C. 3 Buchinger, F. 3 Crawford, J.E. 3 Greene, J.P. 1 Gulick, S. 3 Lee, J.K.P. 3 Sprouse, G.D. 4 Trimble, W. 1 Vaz, J. 2 Zabransky, B.Z. 1; Affiliation:  1: Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada  3: Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada  4: Physics Department, SUNY, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p651; Subject Term: MASS spectrometers; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis -- Instruments; Subject Term: NUCLIDES; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); NAICS/Industry Codes: 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.044
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hausmann, M.
AU  - Vieira, D.J.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Boulay, M.G.
AU  - Hime, A.
T1  - Beta-asymmetry studies on polarized 82Rb atoms in a TOP trap
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 669
EP  - 672
SN  - 03759474
AB  - Atoms of 82Rb (t1/2 = 76 s) confined in a time-orbiting-potential (TOP) magnetic trap make a favorable source for β-asymmetry studies by providing an essentially massless source of highly polarized atoms. An offline mass separator is coupled to a double magneto-optical trap (MOT) and TOP trap system. Once in the TOP trap the magnetic trap''s rotating bias field defines the polarization axis and allows one to measure the correlation between the nuclear spin direction and the β emission direction using a single positron detector. A proof-of-principle experiment using this method has demonstrated that the parity violating  correlation can be studied. Here we outline improvements to the experiment with the goal of a 1% measurement of the β-asymmetry correlation parameter A in the Gamow-Teller decay of 82Rb which in the semi-leptonic sector would pose a competitive test of the Standard Model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - MAGNETIC traps
N1  - Accession Number: 15807868; Hausmann, M. 1; Email Address: hausmann@LANL.GOV Vieira, D.J. 1 Wu, J. 1 Zhao, X. 1 Boulay, M.G. 2 Hime, A. 2; Affiliation:  1: Isotope and Nuclear Chemistry, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Neutron Science & Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p669; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: MAGNETIC traps; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.133
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Scielzo, N.D.
AU  - Freedman, S.J.
AU  - Fujikawa, B.K.
AU  - Kominis, I.
AU  - Maruyama, R.
AU  - Vetter, P.A.
AU  - Vieregg, J.R.
T1  - Detecting shake-off electron-ion coincidences to measure β-decay correlations in laser trapped 21Na
JO  - Nuclear Physics A
JF  - Nuclear Physics A
Y1  - 2004/12/27/
VL  - 746
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 677
EP  - 680
SN  - 03759474
AB  - The properties of a neutral atom trap are nearly ideal for precise measurements of nuclear β-decay correlation coefficients. Following a radioactive decay, all particles emerge from the trap volume unperturbed and are available for study. However, for measurements online at existing accelerators, sufficient statistics will be difficult to acquire if precision significantly better than 0.01 in the correlation coefficients is desired. We have investigated the feasibility of detecting shake-off electrons in coincidence with the recoiling ions to decrease the statistical uncertainty of some measurements by nearly an order of magnitude. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Nuclear Physics A is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ELECTRONS
KW  - ATOMS
KW  - MATTER -- Constitution
KW  - CLUSTER analysis (Statistics)
N1  - Accession Number: 15807870; Scielzo, N.D. 1 Freedman, S.J. 1 Fujikawa, B.K. 2 Kominis, I. 2 Maruyama, R. 2 Vetter, P.A. 2 Vieregg, J.R. 1; Affiliation:  1: University of California and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA  2: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 746 Issue 1-4, p677; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Subject Term: ATOMS; Subject Term: MATTER -- Constitution; Subject Term: CLUSTER analysis (Statistics); Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.09.048
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Williams, Wade A.
AU  - Rong-Gaung Zhang
AU  - Min Zhou
AU  - Joachimiak, Grazyna
AU  - Gornicki, Piotr
AU  - Missiakas, Dominique
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
T1  - The Membrane-Associated Lipoprotein-9 GmpC from Staphylococcus aureus Binds the Dipeptide GlyMet via Side Chain Interactions.
JO  - Biochemistry
JF  - Biochemistry
Y1  - 2004/12/28/
VL  - 43
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 16193
EP  - 16202
SN  - 00062960
AB  - Bacterial dipeptide ABC transporters function to import a wide range of dipeptide substrates. This ability to transport a wide variety of dipeptides is conferred by the cognate substrate binding protein (SBP) of these transporters. SBPs bind dipeptides with little regard for their amino acid content. Here, we report the 1.7 Å resolution structure of lipoprotein-9 (SA0422) of Staphylococcus aureus in complex with the dipeptide glycylmethionine. Experimental characterization of the subcellular location of the protein confirmed that SA0422 is an acylated, peripheral membrane protein. This is the first structure determined for an SBP of a Gram-positive dipeptide ABC transporter. Usually, binding of dipeptides occurs in a binding pocket that is largely hydrated and able to accommodate the side chains of several different amino acid residues. Unlike any other known SBP, lipoprotein-9 binds the side chains of the glycylmethionine dipeptide through very specific interactions. Lipoprotein-9 shares significant structural and sequence homology with the MetQ family of methionine SBP. Sequence comparisons between MetQ-like proteins and lipoprotein-9 suggest that the residues forming the tight interactions with the methionine side chains of the ligand are highly conserved between lipoprotein-9 and MetQ homologues, while the residues involved in coordinating the glycine residue are not. Modeling of the Vibrio cholerae MetQ and Iipoprotein-9 binding pockets can account for lipoprotein-9 substrate specificity toward glycylmethionine. For this reason, we have designated lipoprotein-9 GmpC, for glycylmethionine binding protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Biochemistry is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - LIPOPROTEINS
KW  - STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus
KW  - AMINO acids
KW  - LIPIDS
KW  - PROTEINS
KW  - BIOMOLECULES
N1  - Accession Number: 15659016; Williams, Wade A. 1,2 Rong-Gaung Zhang 3 Min Zhou 3 Joachimiak, Grazyna 3 Gornicki, Piotr 4 Missiakas, Dominique 1,2 Joachimiak, Andrzej 2,3; Email Address: andrzejj@anl.gov; Affiliation:  1: Committee on Microbiology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637.  2: Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637.  3: Structural Biology Center, Biosciences, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 202, Argonne, Illinois 60439.  4: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637.; Source Info: 12/28/2004, Vol. 43 Issue 51, p16193; Subject Term: LIPOPROTEINS; Subject Term: STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; Subject Term: AMINO acids; Subject Term: LIPIDS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Subject Term: BIOMOLECULES; Number of Pages: 10p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Weifang
AU  - Gross, Karl J.
T1  - A kinetics model of hydrogen absorption and desorption in Ti-doped NaAlH4
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/12/28/
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Article
SP  - 224
EP  - 231
SN  - 09258388
AB  - The kinetics of the hydrogen sorption of Ti-doped direct-synthesized NaAlH4 has been studied by measuring sorption rates at various temperatures and applied pressures. Formation and decomposition rate equations for NaAlH4 and Na3AlH6 are proposed, and pre-exponential factors and activation energies have been calculated for these reactions. These equations were used to calculate alanate decomposition curves. The results fit the experimental data very well. The predictive capabilities of this empirical approach provide a very useful modeling tool for optimizing the performance of the alanates over a range of hydrogen absorption temperatures and pressures. Under a typical hydrogen-loading condition (constant pressure), the optimum temperature for “fast fill” can be determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Alloys & Compounds is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SEMICONDUCTOR doping
KW  - SEMICONDUCTORS -- Defects
KW  - HYDROGEN
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - NaAlH4
KW  - Ti-doped
N1  - Accession Number: 15427348; Luo, Weifang; Email Address: wluo@sandia.gov Gross, Karl J. 1; Affiliation:  1: Analytical Material Science Department, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p224; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTOR doping; Subject Term: SEMICONDUCTORS -- Defects; Subject Term: HYDROGEN; Author-Supplied Keyword: Kinetics; Author-Supplied Keyword: NaAlH4; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ti-doped; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.05.004
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Luo, Weifang
T1  - Corrigendum to “(LiNH2–MgH2): a viable hydrogen storage system”: [J. Alloys Comp. 381 (2004) 284–287]
JO  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
JF  - Journal of Alloys & Compounds
Y1  - 2004/12/28/
VL  - 385
IS  - 1/2
M3  - Correction notice
SP  - 316
EP  - 316
SN  - 09258388
N1  - Accession Number: 15427364; Luo, Weifang 1; Email Address: wluo@sandia.gov; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Analytical Material Science Department, MS 9403, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 385 Issue 1/2, p316; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice
L3  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.10.017
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Impey, Soren
AU  - McCorkle, Sean R.
AU  - Cha-Molstad, Hyunjoo
AU  - Dwyer, Jami M.
AU  - Yochum, Gregory S.
AU  - Boss, Jeremy M.
AU  - McWeeney, Shannon
AU  - Dunn, John J.
AU  - Mandel, Gail
AU  - Goodman, Richard H.
T1  - Defining the CREB Regulon: A Genome-Wide Analysis of Transcription Factor Regulatory Regions.
JO  - Cell
JF  - Cell
Y1  - 2004/12/29/
VL  - 119
IS  - 7
M3  - Article
SP  - 1041
EP  - 1054
SN  - 00928674
AB  - The CREB transcription factor regulates differentiation, survival, and synaptic plasticity. The complement of CREB targets responsible for these responses has not been identified, however. We developed a novel approach to identify CREB targets, termed serial analysis of chromatin occupancy (SACO), by combining chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with a modification of SAGE. Using a SACO library derived from rat PC12 cells, we identified ∼41,000 genomic signature tags (GSTs) that mapped to unique genomic loci. CREB binding was confirmed for all loci supported by multi- ple GSTs. Of the 6302 loci identified by multiple GSTs, 40% were within 2 kb of the transcriptional start of an annotated gene, 49% were within 1 kb of a CpG island, and 72% were within 1 kb of a putative cAMP-response element (CRE). A large fraction of the SACO loci delineated bidirectional promoters and novel antisense transcripts. This study represents the most comprehensive definition of transcription factor binding sites in a metazoan species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Cell is the property of Cell Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - TRANSCRIPTION factors
KW  - CHROMATIN
KW  - GENOMICS
KW  - CHROMOSOMES
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - PROTEINS
N1  - Accession Number: 19241923; Impey, Soren 1; Email Address: impeys@ohsu.edu McCorkle, Sean R. 2 Cha-Molstad, Hyunjoo 1 Dwyer, Jami M. 1 Yochum, Gregory S. 1 Boss, Jeremy M. 3 McWeeney, Shannon 4 Dunn, John J. 2 Mandel, Gail 5 Goodman, Richard H. 1; Affiliation:  1: Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239.  2: Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973.  3: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.  4: Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239.  5: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794.; Source Info: 12/29/2004, Vol. 119 Issue 7, p1041; Subject Term: TRANSCRIPTION factors; Subject Term: CHROMATIN; Subject Term: GENOMICS; Subject Term: CHROMOSOMES; Subject Term: GENETICS; Subject Term: PROTEINS; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Liu, Guang
AU  - Cai, Yuguang
AU  - Lju, Tianbo
T1  - Automatic and Subsequent Dissolution and Precipitation Process in Inorganic Macroionic Solutions.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/29/
VL  - 126
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 16690
EP  - 16691
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article discusses the phenomena of automatic and subsequent dissolution and precipitation process in inorganic macroionic solutions. Dissolution and precipitation are two opposite processes for solutes in solutions. It is common knowledge that for a specific solute-solvent system at a fixed external condition, only one of them, whom the free-energy favors, can automatically occur. It is very rare to see both processes, driven by free energy, occur automatically and subsequently in the same system without any change of external conditions or chemical reactions.
KW  - CHEMICAL processes
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
KW  - IONIC solutions
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
KW  - PRECIPITATION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 15588376; Liu, Guang 1 Cai, Yuguang 1 Lju, Tianbo 1; Email Address: TlL204@lehigh.edu; Affiliation:  1: Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015; Source Info: 12/29/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 51, p16690; Subject Term: CHEMICAL processes; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Subject Term: IONIC solutions; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Subject Term: PRECIPITATION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wang, Zhongchun
AU  - Medforth, Craig J.
AU  - Sheinutt, John A.
T1  - Self-Metallization of Photocatalytic Porphyrin Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/29/
VL  - 126
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 16720
EP  - 16721
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The article reports on the self-metallization property of photocatalytic porphyrin nanotubes. Nanotubes containing a Sn porphyrin are photocatalytic and can reduce metal ions from aqueous solution. The metal is selectively deposited onto the tube surfaces, producing novel composite metal nanostructures. These composites are themselves photocatalytic ally active and have potential applications as nanodevices. Sn porphyrins are known to be good photocatalysts in homogeneous solutions.
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - PORPHYRINS
KW  - ELECTROCHEMICAL metallizing
KW  - PHOTOCATALYSIS
KW  - NANOSTRUCTURES
KW  - MACROCYCLIC compounds
N1  - Accession Number: 15588391; Wang, Zhongchun 1,2 Medforth, Craig J. 1 Sheinutt, John A. 1,3; Email Address: jashein@unm.edu; Affiliation:  1: Biomolecular Materials and Interfaces Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185  2: Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131,  3: Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602; Source Info: 12/29/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 51, p16720; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: PORPHYRINS; Subject Term: ELECTROCHEMICAL metallizing; Subject Term: PHOTOCATALYSIS; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURES; Subject Term: MACROCYCLIC compounds; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mishina, Yukiko
AU  - Chen, Lin X.
AU  - He, Chuan
T1  - Preparation and Characterization of the Native Iron(II-Containing DNA Repair AIkB Protein Directly from Escherichia coli.
JO  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF  - Journal of the American Chemical Society
Y1  - 2004/12/29/
VL  - 126
IS  - 51
M3  - Article
SP  - 16930
EP  - 16936
SN  - 00027863
AB  - The Escherichia coli AlkB protein was recently found to repair cytotoxic DNA lesions 1-methyladenine and 3-methylcytosine by using a novel iron-catalyzed oxidative demethylation mechanism. This protein belongs to a family of 2-ketoglutarate--Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenase proteins that utilize iron and 2-ketoglutarate to activate dioxygen for oxidation reactions. We report here the overexpression and isolation of the native Fe(II)--AlkB with a bound cofactor, 2-ketoglutarate, directly from E. coil. UV--vis measurements showed an absorption peak at 560 nm, which is characteristic of a bidentate 2-ketoglutarate bound to an iron(II) ion. Addition of excess amounts of single-stranded DNA to this isolated Fe(II)--AlkB protein caused a 9 nm shift of the 560 nm band to a higher energy, indicating a DNA-binding-induced geometry change of the active site. X-ray absorption spectra of the active site iron(II) in AlkB suggest a five-coordinate iron(II) center in the protein itself and a centrosymmetric six-coordinate iron(II) site upon addition of single-stranded DNA. This geometry change may play important roles in the DNA damage-searching and damage-repair functions of AlkB. These results provide direct evidence for DNA binding to AlkB which modulates the active site iron(II) geometry. The isolation of the native Fe(II)--AlkB also allows for further investigation of the iron(II) center and detailed mechanistic studies of the dioxygen-activation and damage-repair reactions pertormed by AlkB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of the American Chemical Society is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - ESCHERICHIA coli
KW  - DNA
KW  - GENES
KW  - ABSORPTION
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
N1  - Accession Number: 15588423; Mishina, Yukiko 1 Chen, Lin X. 1; Email Address: chuanhe@uchicago.edu(C.H.) He, Chuan 1; Email Address: Icheri@anl.gov(L.X.C.); Affiliation:  1: Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Building 200, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: 12/29/2004, Vol. 126 Issue 51, p16930; Subject Term: ESCHERICHIA coli; Subject Term: DNA; Subject Term: GENES; Subject Term: ABSORPTION; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Badyal
AU  - Y. S.
AU  - Barnes
AU  - A. C.
AU  - Cuello
AU  - G. J.
AU  - Simonson
AU  - J. M.
T1  - Understanding the Effects of Concentration on the Solvation Structure of Ca2+ in Aqueous Solution. II:  Insights into Longer Range Order from Neutron Diffraction Isotope Substitution.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry A
Y1  - 2004/12/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 11819
EP  - 11827
SN  - 10895639
AB  - Although the Ca2+ aqua-ion is of great importance to biology and a key component of natural groundwaters, many details of the solvation structure and its behavior have remained either unexplored or controversial. We report the findings of a new neutron diffraction study, building upon the results of an earlier, complementary investigation with EXAFS (Fulton, J. L.; Badyal, Y. S.; Simonson, J. M.; Heald, S. M. J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107, 4688-4696). The common goal of both studies was to develop a much clearer and more consistent picture of the effects of concentration on the Ca2+ solvation structure. In particular, we have tried to elucidate the microscopic basis of a thermodynamic anomaly reported for ambient aqueous solutions of CaCl2 at concentrations greater than approximately 4.0 m. By measuring the neutron scattering from isotopically distinct (natCa/44Ca) pairs of CaCl2 aqueous solutions at two concentrations (4.0 and 6.4 m) in both light and heavy water, the uniquely detailed Ca-H and Ca-X (X = O, Cl, or Ca) pair distribution functions, and the changes in them with concentration, were determined. This type of second-order isotope difference experiment has only been applied successfully before to two other aqua-ions, Ni2+ and Cr3+. Our findings confirm the lack of substantial change in the nearest atomic neighbor Ca-O environment and the virtual absence of Ca2+-Cl- contact ion pairing even at high concentration, as first indicated by the preceding EXAFS investigation. Instead, the principal change with concentration appears to be the entry of significant numbers of Cl- ions into the second hydration shell around Ca2+ and the resulting formation of Ca2+-OH2-Cl- solvent-shared ion pairs. Our results provide compelling evidence for this picture, in particular the impact on the water hydrogen structure in the second hydration shell and the apparent effects on the tilt angle distribution of water molecules in the first hydration layer. The average number of water molecules in the first hydration shell of Ca2+ is close to 7 at both concentrations (although a small decrease with concentration is noticeable). Given the great rigor and consistency required for second-order isotope difference experiments, our values for coordination number and other structural parameters should be regarded as the benchmarks for this system. The pair distribution functions will also serve as an exacting test of theoretical and simulation models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry A is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SOLVATION
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
KW  - OPTICAL diffraction
KW  - SOLUTION (Chemistry)
N1  - Accession Number: 16818055; Badyal Y. S. 1 Barnes A. C. 1 Cuello G. J. 1 Simonson J. M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Aqueous Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, H.H. Wills Physical Laboratory, Bristol University, Royal Fort, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom, and Institut Laue-Langevin, 6, rue Jules Horowitz BP 156-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 52, p11819; Subject Term: SOLVATION; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Subject Term: OPTICAL diffraction; Subject Term: SOLUTION (Chemistry); Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Feng
AU  - X.
AU  - Matranga
AU  - C.
AU  - Vidic
AU  - R.
AU  - Borguet
AU  - E.
T1  - A Vibrational Spectroscopic Study of the Fate of Oxygen-Containing Functional Groups and Trapped CO2 in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes During Thermal Treatment.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 19949
EP  - 19954
SN  - 15206106
AB  - The oxygen-containing functional groups, introduced by common purification procedures, on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) made by both the HiPco and laser-ablation (Rice Tubes) techniques are studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy from 90 to 1400 K under vacuum. The fate of the functional groups under heating and the physically trapped CO2 generated from the decomposition of these functional groups are investigated. Vacuum heating to ~1300 K removes most of the oxygen-containing functionalities in the purified samples. The similarities in the infrared spectra of the Rice Tubes after a 1400 K treatment with spectra for the as-received and air/HCl treated HiPco nanotubes suggests the observation of intrinsic SWNT IR bands. Vacuum heating of nitric acid treated HiPco samples leads to the formation of a new feature, tentatively assigned to cyclic anhydride groups, in the 1850 cm-1 region. The cyclic anhydride groups decompose and ultimately disappear after thermal annealing to 600 K. Above 700 K, the quantity of CO2 trapped in HNO3 treated HiPco SWNTs decreases and trapped CO2 is completely released from the nanotubes after 1100 K even though oxygen-containing functionalities are still present on the sample. The Rice Tubes made by the laser ablation technique retain the physically trapped CO2 even after heating to 1400 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - INFRARED spectra
N1  - Accession Number: 16818112; Feng X. 1 Matranga C. 1 Vidic R. 1 Borguet E. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemistry Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, and National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 52, p19949; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: INFRARED spectra; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khairoutdinov
AU  - R. F.
AU  - Doubova
AU  - L. V.
AU  - Haddon
AU  - R. C.
AU  - Saraf
AU  - L.
T1  - Persistent Photoconductivity in Chemically Modified Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 19976
EP  - 19981
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Control of the conductivity of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is crucial for the use of carbon nanotubes in molecular electronics. We report a new fundamental characteristic of semiconducting SWNTs:  the persistent photoconductivity of chemically modified carbon nanotube films. Illumination of carboxylated semiconducting SWNTs with ultraviolet or visible light causes a persistent decrease in the conductivity of semiconducting films. The photoinduced conductivity persists in the dark with a characteristic half-life of 35 s to 1.2 × 103 s at room temperature and an activation energy of 0.35 eV. Infrared illumination restores the conductivity of SWNT films. Ultraviolet and visible light illumination partially refills empty valence band states of chemically modified SWNTs by electron injection from the dopant sites. Photoinduced injection of electrons is accompanied by a decrease of the conductivity of the p-doped SWNT film, because of neutralization of holes by injected electrons. Covalent attachment of ruthenium(II)-tris(2,2‘-bipyridine) (Ru(bpy)32+) to SWNTs makes carbon nanotubes sensitive to light that has been absorbed by the ruthenium complex and makes the carbon nanotubes persistently photoconductive. The photoconductivity of Ru(bpy)32+-SWNT films is presumably due to the injection of holes from *Ru(bpy)32+ to SWNT with a quantum yield of 0.55. Persistently photoconductive SWNTs have potential uses as nanosized optical switches, photodetectors, electrooptical information storage devices, and chemical sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOTUBES
KW  - FULLERENES
KW  - ELECTRIC conductivity
KW  - NANOTECHNOLOGY
N1  - Accession Number: 16818116; Khairoutdinov R. F. 1 Doubova L. V. 1 Haddon R. C. 1 Saraf L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Nanosensor Technology, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-6160, Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, and WR Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 52, p19976; Subject Term: NANOTUBES; Subject Term: FULLERENES; Subject Term: ELECTRIC conductivity; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ramallo-Lopez
AU  - J. M.
AU  - Lede
AU  - E. J.
AU  - Requejo
AU  - F. G.
AU  - Rodriguez
AU  - J. A.
AU  - Kim
AU  - J.-Y.
AU  - Rosas-Salas
AU  - R.
AU  - Dominguez
T1  - XANES Characterization of Extremely Nanosized Metal-Carbonyl Subspecies (Me = Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) Confined into the Mesopores of MCM-41 Materials.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 20005
EP  - 20010
SN  - 15206106
AB  - A study of the stability, local order, and interaction of the surface silanol groups of MCM-41 with transition metal carbonyls Mx(CO)y (where M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co) introduced by a chemical alternative method was performed by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES). These molecular species, catalytically active for ethylene polymerization reactions, were previously characterized by FTIR and NMR in order to confirm their monodispersion and confined location into the mesopores of the MCM-41 material. Present experimental results indicate the high dispersion of metal species in all cases. Symmetry and stability depend on type of compound, Fe-carbonyl having the lowest stability. Changes in metal coordination and oxidation state are clearly followed by XANES indicating the interaction between sub-carbonyl species and the walls of the mesopores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - X-ray absorption near edge structure
KW  - METHACRYLONITRILE
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - CHEMICAL reactions
N1  - Accession Number: 16818120; Ramallo-Lopez J. M. 1 Lede E. J. 1 Requejo F. G. 1 Rodriguez J. A. 1 Kim J.-Y. 1 Rosas-Salas R. 1 Dominguez; Affiliation:  1: Dto. Física, FCE, UNLP and IFLP (CONICET), P.O. BOX 67, 1900 La Plata, Argentina, Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Programa de Ingeniería Molecular, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152, 07730, México D. F.; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 52, p20005; Subject Term: X-ray absorption near edge structure; Subject Term: METHACRYLONITRILE; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: CHEMICAL reactions; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhu
AU  - H.
AU  - Pan
AU  - Z.
AU  - Chen
AU  - B.
AU  - Lee
AU  - Mahurin
AU  - S. M.
AU  - Overbury
AU  - S. H.
AU  - Dai
AU  - S.
T1  - Synthesis of Ordered Mixed Titania and Silica Mesostructured Monoliths for Gold Catalysts.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 20038
EP  - 20044
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Mesostructured silica-titania mixed oxide monoliths, in which the nanocrystalline titania is well dispersed inside the silicate framework, have been synthesized by a liquid crystalline templating approach in combination with sol-gel processing. Control over the different hydrolysis and condensation rates of silicon and titanium alkoxides was achieved by complexation of the titanium species to the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) part of a block copolymer, such as Pluronic F108. The block copolymer serves two distinct functions:  (a) as a structure-directing agent and (b) as a moderator of the hydrolysis rate of titanium alkoxide. The amorphous titania inside the silica framework is converted by calcination treatment into anatase phase TiO2 incorporated on the silica. The structure and composition of the resulting material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The monoliths have an ordered mesostructure with very small crystallites of anatase TiO2 located within the mesopores. We show that the mixed oxide monoliths are excellent support materials for gold catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - CHEMICAL inhibitors
KW  - SILICON compounds
KW  - TITANIUM
KW  - TITANIUM dioxide
N1  - Accession Number: 16818124; Zhu H. 1 Pan Z. 1 Chen B. 1 Lee Mahurin S. M. 1 Overbury S. H. 1 Dai S. 1; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6201; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 52, p20038; Subject Term: CHEMICAL inhibitors; Subject Term: SILICON compounds; Subject Term: TITANIUM; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mei
AU  - Q.
AU  - Ghalsasi
AU  - P.
AU  - Benmore
AU  - C. J.
AU  - Yarger
AU  - J. L.
T1  - The Local Structure of Triphenyl Phosphite Studied Using Spallation Neutron and High-Energy X-ray Diffraction.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 20076
EP  - 20082
SN  - 15206106
AB  - Spallation neutron and high-energy X-ray diffraction experiments have been performed to investigate the local structural changes in triphenyl phosphite (TPP) in the crystalline, glacial, glassy, and supercooled liquid phases. The hydrogen/deuterium first-order difference method shows a large increase in intensity due to additional hydrogen correlations in the crystalline spectra compared to the glass and supercooled liquid at ~3.0 and 3.4 Å. These features are shown to be largely due to inter-phenyl ring H-C/H interactions, which are probably associated in part with the formation of weak intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The high-energy X-ray diffraction data show a decrease in correlations at 3.12 Å which is attributed to changes in C-O/P intramolecular interactions between the glacial and crystalline forms. The structural evolution of the glacial state was also measured over time using total neutron diffraction. The largest structural differences between the early glacial and crystalline states are observed at 3.0 and 4.5 Å. Moreover, as the transformation progresses, the glacial spectra cannot be adequately described as a simple mixture of supercooled liquid and crystalline components. These results suggest that changes in molecular conformation and nearest-neighbor interactions are responsible for the existence of the glacial state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - CRYOSCOPY
KW  - SPECTRUM analysis
KW  - NEUTRON diffraction
N1  - Accession Number: 16818129; Mei Q. 1 Ghalsasi P. 1 Benmore C. J. 1 Yarger J. L. 1; Affiliation:  1: Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, and I.P.N.S. Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 52, p20076; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: CRYOSCOPY; Subject Term: SPECTRUM analysis; Subject Term: NEUTRON diffraction; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
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DP  - EBSCOhost
DB  - aph
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaramillo
AU  - E.
AU  - Chandross
AU  - M.
T1  - Adsorption of Small Molecules in LTA Zeolites. 1. NH3, CO2, and H2O in Zeolite 4A.
JO  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
JF  - Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Y1  - 2004/12/30/
VL  - 108
IS  - 52
M3  - Article
SP  - 20155
EP  - 20159
SN  - 15206106
AB  - We have developed force fields for the calculation of adsorption of NH3, CO2, and H2O on zeolite 4A by performing Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations to fit experimental isotherms at 298 K. The calculated NH3 and CO2 isotherms are in excellent agreement with experimental data over a wide range of temperatures and several orders of magnitude in pressure. We have calculated isotherms for H2O in 4A using two different models and have found that H2O saturates zeolite 4A even at pressures as low as 0.01 kPa for the range of temperatures studied. We have studied the geometry of the adsorption sites and their dependence on loading. At low pressures, CO2 molecules adsorb with their longitudinal axis pointing toward the center of the supercage, whereas at higher pressures, the two oxygen atoms are equidistant from the Na atom in the binding site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
AB  - Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - SURFACE chemistry
KW  - MONTE Carlo method
KW  - ADSORPTION
KW  - PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry
N1  - Accession Number: 16818139; Jaramillo E. 1 Chandross M. 1; Affiliation:  1: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 108 Issue 52, p20155; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: MONTE Carlo method; Subject Term: ADSORPTION; Subject Term: PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Abul-Hassan, Khaled S.
AU  - Lehnert, Bruce E.
AU  - Guant, Lorraine
AU  - Walmsley, Richard
T1  - Abnormal DNA repair in selenium-treated human cells
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/12/31/
VL  - 565
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 45
EP  - 51
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Abstract: Selenium (Se), a micronutrient and an environmental, a chemical and an industrial agent in many products, can have genotoxic effects as well as antimutagenic and/or anticarcinogenic properties, depending on its concentration and oxidation state. We investigated the cytotoxic response of human osteosarcoma (U2OS) cells to low doses of sodium selenite and assayed their resistivity to cisplatin treatment and their capacity to reactivate cisplatin-treated reporter system, whose repair occurs through the transcription coupled repair (TCR) pathway, using the Host Cell Reactivation (HCR) Assay. In addition, we examined the ability of Se-treated human primary lymphocytes for normal double-strand breaks rejoining (DSBR) using the Challenge assay. Although, U2OS cells did not demonstrate cytotoxicity to all Se doses used, as measured by the cell proliferation MTT assay, their resistivity to cisplatin was significantly reduced. Moreover, Se-treated cells exhibited a significant reduction in their capacity for TCR as compared with untreated control cells. Primary human blood lymphocytes demonstrated cytotoxicity to Se treatment at only a concentration of 10μM. There were no significant increases in chromosome-type deletions or chromatid breaks or in mitotic indices in cells treated with Se alone or Se plus ionizing irradiation. However, dicentric chromosomes significantly increased upon treatment with 1μM Se plus irradiation as compared with Se-untreated irradiated control. These findings demonstrate direct evidence on the inhibitory effect of inorganic Se on cellular DNA repair capacity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Selenium
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - Cells
KW  - Challenge assay
KW  - Host Cell Reactivation Assay
N1  - Accession Number: 15562171; Abul-Hassan, Khaled S. 1,2; Email Address: khaled_abul_hassan@hotmail.com; Lehnert, Bruce E. 2; Guant, Lorraine 3; Walmsley, Richard 4; Affiliations: 1: Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 6144, NCI, National Institutes of Health, 37 CONVENT DR MSC 4255, Bethesda, MD 20892-4255, USA; 2: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; 3: St. Mary Hospital, Hathersage Road, Manchester M13 0JH, UK; 4: Department of Biomolecular Sciences, UMIST, Manchester M60 1QD, UK; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 565 Issue 1, p45; Thesaurus Term: Selenium; Thesaurus Term: Oxidation; Subject Term: DNA repair; Subject Term: Cells; Author-Supplied Keyword: Challenge assay; Author-Supplied Keyword: Host Cell Reactivation Assay; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.09.004
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Russell, Liane B.
AU  - Hunsicker, Patricia R.
AU  - Kerley, Marilyn
AU  - Pyle, April
AU  - Saxton, Arnold M.
T1  - Etoposide exposure during male mouse pachytene has complex effects on crossing-over and causes nondisjunction
JO  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
JF  - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis
Y1  - 2004/12/31/
VL  - 565
IS  - 1
M3  - Article
SP  - 61
EP  - 77
SN  - 13835718
AB  - Abstract: In experiments involving different germ-cell stages, we had previously found meiotic prophase of the male mouse to be vulnerable to the induction of several types of genetic damage by the topoisomerase-II inhibitor etoposide. The present study of etoposide effects involved two end points of meiotic events known to occur in primary spermatocytes—chromosomal crossing-over and segregation. By following assortment of 13 microsatellite markers in two chromosomes (Ch 7 and Ch 15) it was shown that etoposide significantly affected crossing-over, but did not do so in a uniform fashion. Treatment generally changed the pattern for each chromosome, leading to local decreases in recombination, a distal shift in locations of crossing-over, and an overall decrease in double crossovers; at least some of these results might be interpreted as evidence for increased interference. Two methods were used to explore etoposide effects on chromosome segregation: a genetic experiment capable of detecting sex-chromosome nondisjunction in living progeny; and the use of FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) technology to score numbers of Chromosomes X, Y, and 8 in spermatozoa. Taken together these two approaches indicated that etoposide exposure of pachytene spermatocytes induces malsegregation, and that the findings of the genetic experiment probably yielded a marked underestimate of nondisjunction. As indicated by certain segregants, at least part of the etoposide effect could be due to disrupted pairing of achiasmatic homologs, followed by precocious sister-centromere separation. It has been shown for several organisms that absent or reduced levels of recombination, as well as suboptimally positioned recombination events, may be associated with abnormal segregation. Etoposide is the only chemical tested to date for which living progeny indicates an effect on both male meiotic crossing-over and chromosome segregation. Whether, however, etoposide-induced changes in recombination patterns are direct causes of the observed malsegregation requires additional investigation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - Meiosis
KW  - Etoposide
KW  - Crossing over (Genetics)
KW  - DNA topoisomerase II
KW  - Chromosome segregation
KW  - Germ-cell-stages
KW  - Mice
KW  - Nondisjunction
KW  - Recombination
KW  - Spermatogenesis
KW  - Topoisomerase-II
N1  - Accession Number: 15562173; Russell, Liane B. 1; Email Address: russelllb@ornl.gov; Hunsicker, Patricia R. 1; Kerley, Marilyn 1; Pyle, April 2; Saxton, Arnold M. 3; Affiliations: 1: Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6420, USA; 2: Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0840, USA; 3: Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4574, USA; Issue Info: Dec2004, Vol. 565 Issue 1, p61; Thesaurus Term: Meiosis; Subject Term: Etoposide; Subject Term: Crossing over (Genetics); Subject Term: DNA topoisomerase II; Author-Supplied Keyword: Chromosome segregation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Germ-cell-stages; Author-Supplied Keyword: Mice; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nondisjunction; Author-Supplied Keyword: Recombination; Author-Supplied Keyword: Spermatogenesis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Topoisomerase-II; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.09.005
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grimsditch, M.
AU  - Giovannini, L.
AU  - Montoncello, F.
AU  - Nizzoli, F.
AU  - Leaf, G.
AU  - Kaper, H.
AU  - Karpeev, D.
T1  - Magnetic normal modes in nano-particles
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/12/31/
VL  - 354
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 266
EP  - 270
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Abstract: We have recently developed two methods to calculate the magnetic normal modes of a magnetic nano-particle. One of the methods is based on a conventional micromagnetic approach in which the time evolution of the magnetization of each cell is monitored. After filtering in frequency domain, the magnetic normal modes can be reconstructed. The second method is based on solving the same micromagneitc system in a dynamical matrix formulation. The results of the two methods, applied to a rectangular parallelepiped of Fe, will be presented and compared. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - NANOPARTICLES
KW  - NANOCRYSTALS
KW  - MAGNETIZATION
KW  - FERROMAGNETISM
KW  - 75.30.Ds
N1  - Accession Number: 15856781; Grimsditch, M. 1; Email Address: grimsditch@anl.gov Giovannini, L. 2 Montoncello, F. 2 Nizzoli, F. 2 Leaf, G. 3 Kaper, H. 3 Karpeev, D. 3; Affiliation:  1: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  2: Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Ferrara and Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Via del Paradiso 12, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy  3: Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 354 Issue 1-4, p266; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: NANOCRYSTALS; Subject Term: MAGNETIZATION; Subject Term: FERROMAGNETISM; Author-Supplied Keyword: 75.30.Ds; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.09.061
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jorge, G.A.
AU  - Capan, C.
AU  - Ronning, F.
AU  - Jaime, M.
AU  - Kenzelmann, M.
AU  - Gasparovic, G.
AU  - Broholm, C.
AU  - Shapiro, A.Ya.
AU  - Demianets, L.A.
T1  - Specific heat at the magnetic order transitions in RbFe (MoO)
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/12/31/
VL  - 354
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 297
EP  - 299
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Abstract: We measured the low temperature specific heat of antiferromagnetic RbFe(MoO) single-crystal samples, by means of a microcalorimetric technique, in magnetic fields up to 15T applied along the ab plane. Peaks in the specific heat vs. temperature were observed at all the magnetic phase transitions present in this system below 4K. The temperature at which specific heat anomalies were observed are in agreement with earlier neutron scattering results. Additionally, we found that the transition into the paramagnetic state upon heating in a magnetic field of 10T or larger decreases in increasing fields, extrapolating to zero temperature at an approximate field of 19T. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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KW  - SPECIFIC heat
KW  - CALORIMETRY
KW  - THERMAL diffusivity
KW  - LOW temperatures
N1  - Accession Number: 15856788; Jorge, G.A. 1,2; Email Address: gjorge@df.uba.ar Capan, C. 3 Ronning, F. 3 Jaime, M. 1 Kenzelmann, M. 4,5 Gasparovic, G. 4 Broholm, C. 4,5 Shapiro, A.Ya. 6 Demianets, L.A. 6; Affiliation:  1: NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  2: Departamento de Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Pabellón 1, Ciudad Universitaria (1419), Buenos Aires, Argentina  3: MST-10, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA  5: NCNR, NIST, Gaithersburg, USA  6: A.V. Shubnikov Institute for Crystallography, Moscow, Russia; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 354 Issue 1-4, p297; Subject Term: SPECIFIC heat; Subject Term: CALORIMETRY; Subject Term: THERMAL diffusivity; Subject Term: LOW temperatures; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.09.071
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Booth, C.H.
AU  - Han, S.-W.
AU  - Skanthakumar, S.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
T1  - Lattice disorder and magnetism in f-electron intermetallics
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/12/31/
VL  - 354
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 313
EP  - 319
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Abstract: Real materials can have real differences compared to ideal systems. For instance, non-Fermi liquid (NFL) behavior was initially thought to be due to chemical disorder, since the first such materials were all substituted. Although several nominally well-ordered NFLs have been discovered and extensively studied, the effect of disorder on the magnetic properties of f-electron intermetallic systems remains poorly understood. Disorder in NFL systems is reviewed from an experimental, local structure point of view, including a discussion of results on the nominally ordered UNiSn and CeCoIn systems, and the chemically disordered UCuPd and CeRhRuSi systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
KW  - NUCLEAR physics
KW  - MAGNETISM
KW  - MATHEMATICAL physics
KW  - 61.10.Ht
N1  - Accession Number: 15856792; Booth, C.H. 1; Email Address: chbooth@lbl.gov Han, S.-W. 1,2 Skanthakumar, S. 3 Sarrao, J.L. 4; Affiliation:  1: Chemical Sciences Division, MS 70A-1150, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA  2: Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea  3: Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA  4: Materials Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87501, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 354 Issue 1-4, p313; Subject Term: PARTICLES (Nuclear physics); Subject Term: NUCLEAR physics; Subject Term: MAGNETISM; Subject Term: MATHEMATICAL physics; Author-Supplied Keyword: 61.10.Ht; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.09.088
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Urbano, R.R.
AU  - Pagliuso, P.G.
AU  - Rettori, C.
AU  - Oseroff, S.B.
AU  - Sarrao, J.L.
AU  - Schlottmann, P.
AU  - Fisk, Z.
T1  - Magnetic polaron and Fermi surface effects on the ESR spin-flip scattering of  above
JO  - Physica B
JF  - Physica B
Y1  - 2004/12/31/
VL  - 354
IS  - 1-4
M3  - Article
SP  - 326
EP  - 330
SN  - 09214526
AB  - Abstract: The spin-flip scattering (SFS) between conduction and  () electrons in the paramagnetic phase of  () is studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) and magneto-resistance (MR) experiments. The observed Dysonian resonance suggests a metallic environment for the  ions. ESR at high field,  (), shows an anisotropic line width with cubic symmetry. ESR at low-field, 1.46kG (4.1GHz) and 3.35kG (9.5GHz), shows broader line width and smaller anisotropy than at higher field. The narrowing and anisotropy of the line width at high fields are indicative of a homogeneous resonance where the line width is mainly governed by the SFS mechanism due to the exchange interaction between   and conduction electrons. Besides the negative MR, we found an anisotropic MR with cubic symmetry. These results are interpreted in terms of magnetic polaron and Fermi surface effects. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
AB  - Copyright of Physica B is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
KW  - POLARONS
KW  - QUASIPARTICLES (Physics)
KW  - ENERGY-band theory of solids
KW  - ELECTRONS
N1  - Accession Number: 15856794; Urbano, R.R. 1; Email Address: urbano@ifi.unicamp.br Pagliuso, P.G. 1 Rettori, C. 1 Oseroff, S.B. 2 Sarrao, J.L. 3 Schlottmann, P. 4 Fisk, Z. 4; Affiliation:  1: Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin”, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitaria “Zaferino Vaz”, UNICAMP, CP 6165, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil  2: San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA  3: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA  4: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 2310, USA; Source Info: Dec2004, Vol. 354 Issue 1-4, p326; Subject Term: POLARONS; Subject Term: QUASIPARTICLES (Physics); Subject Term: ENERGY-band theory of solids; Subject Term: ELECTRONS; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article
L3  - 10.1016/j.physb.2004.09.098
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